bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image-based robot assisted bicompartmental knee arthroplasty versus total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Thilak Jai , Nagaraja Rao Srivatsa , Mohan Vipin , Babu Balu C. 
Published: December 2022

Objective: To evaluate the short-term clinical outcomes of image-based robot-assisted bicruciate retaining bicompartmental knee arthroplasty and compare it to robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty in the Indian population.Methods: Between December 2018 and November 2019, five patients (six knees) underwent robot-assisted bicompartmental knee arthroplasty (BCKA). These patients were demographically matched with five patients (six knees) who underwent robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) during the same period. Clinical outcomes of these twelve knees were assessed in the form of knee society score (KSS) score, Oxford knee score (OKS), and forgotten joint score (FJS) after a minimum follow-up period of 25 months. The data between the two cohorts were compared and analyzed.Results: Scores obtained from both cohorts were subjected to statistical analysis. SPSS software was utilized and the Mann WhitneyU-test was utilized to compare the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference found between the two groups in terms of functional outcome.Conclusion: Image-based robot-assisted BCKA is a bone stock preserving and more physiological procedure which can be a promising alternative to patients presenting with isolated arthritis of only two compartments of the knee. Although long-term, larger trials are warranted to establish it as an alternative, our pilot study shows an equally favorable outcome as TKA, making it an exciting new avenue in the field of arthroplasty.
CTCF: an R/bioconductor data package of human and mouse CTCF binding sites
Authors: Dozmorov Mikhail G , Mu Wancen , Davis Eric S , Lee Stuart , Triche Timothy J , Phanstiel Douglas H , Love Michael I 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Summary
CTCF (CCCTC-binding factor) is an 11-zinc-finger DNA binding protein which regulates much of the eukaryotic genome’s 3D structure and function. The diversity of CTCF binding motifs has led to a fragmented landscape of CTCF binding data. We collected position weight matrices of CTCF binding motifs and defined strand-oriented CTCF binding sites in the human and mouse genomes, including the recent Telomere to Telomere and mm39 assemblies. We included selected experimentally determined and predicted CTCF binding sites, such as CTCF-bound cis-regulatory elements from SCREEN ENCODE. We recommend filtering strategies for CTCF binding motifs and demonstrate that liftOver is a viable alternative to convert CTCF coordinates between assemblies. Our comprehensive data resource and usage recommendations can serve to harmonize and strengthen the reproducibility of genomic studies utilizing CTCF binding data.

Availability and implementation
https://bioconductor.org/packages/CTCF. Companion website: https://dozmorovlab.github.io/CTCF/; Code to reproduce the analyses: https://github.com/dozmorovlab/CTCF.dev.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Identifying thresholds in air exposure, water temperature and fish size that determine reflex impairment in brook trout exposed to catch-and-release angling
Authors: Brownscombe Jacob W , Ward Taylor D , Nowell Liane , Lennox Robert J , Chapman Jacqueline M , Danylchuk Andy J , Cooke Steven J 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Understanding the factors that contribute to fish impairment and survival from angling events is essential to guide best angling practices for catch-and-release (C&R) recreational fisheries. Complex interactions often exist between angler behaviour, environmental conditions, and fish characteristics that ultimately determine biological outcomes for fish. Yet, few studies focus on identifying biologically relevant thresholds. We therefore examined the effects of water temperature, air exposure and fish size on reflex impairment and mortality in brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis exposed to experimental and simulated angling stressors (n = 337). Using conditional inference trees, we identified interactions among these factors as well as threshold values within them that determine brook trout reflex impairment as an indicator of whole animal stress. Specifically, longer air exposure times (&gt;30 sec) and warmer temperatures (&gt;19.5°C) had a synergistic effect leading to higher reflex impairment scores. Further, larger fish (&gt;328 mm) were more sensitive to air exposure durations &gt;10 sec. Of the reflex impairment measures, loss of equilibrium and time to regain equilibrium were strongly and moderately associated with brook trout mortality (18–24 h monitoring), although mortality rates were generally low (6%). These findings support previous research that has established strong links between these reflex impairment measures and fish health outcomes in other species. They also highlight the important interactions among air exposure duration, water temperature and fish size that determine impairment in brook trout, providing specific thresholds to guide best angling practices for C&R fisheries. This approach may be widely applicable to generate similar thresholds that can be encouraged by regulators and adopted by anglers for other common C&R fishes.
Continuum of Care for Older Adults With Concurrent Hearing and Vision Impairment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jaiswal Atul , Gupta Shikha , Paramasivam Abinethaa , Santhakumaran Sangeetha , Holzhey Peter , Dupont Patrice , Wittich Walter 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesA global report estimates up to 2% of the world population experience concurrent hearing and vision impairment (dual sensory impairment [DSI]). Older adults with DSI are often frequent users of health care, yet the evidence is limited to inform care delivery for this population. This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on tools and strategies for screening, assessment, and interventions that promote a continuum of care for older adults with DSI.Research Design and MethodsThe review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews. Electronic databases (CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Global Health, and Web of Science) and clinical trial registries (ISRCTN Registry, WHO ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched. The quality appraisal was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.ResultsOf 4,775 identified references, 28 records were selected. The review identified 7 tools and 7 strategies for DSI-specific screening, assessments, and/or interventions. Some of the most promising tools were the interRAI Community Health Assessment with deafblind supplement, adapted Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and the Severe Dual Sensory Loss screening tool. Useful strategies included the use of alternative forms of communication, assistive devices or technology, education and training for service providers, and training of older adults on the use and maintenance of assistive aids/technology. However, quality appraisal indicated a need for more robust evidence to inform clinical practice.Discussion and ImplicationsReviewed evidence pinpointed the need for training for health care providers on DSI-specific challenges and supports and the use of integrated multidisciplinary care for older adults. Future studies need to explore the development and evaluation of tools and interventions to improve the continuum of care for this group.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration # CRD42020180545
Building leaders for the UN Ocean Science Decade: a guide to supporting early career women researchers within academic marine research institutions
Authors: Shellock R J , Cvitanovic C , McKinnon M C , Mackay M , van Putten I E , Blythe J , Kelly R , Tuohy P , Maltby K M , Mynott S , Simmonds N , Bailey M , Begossi A , Crona B , Fakoya K A , Ferreira B P , Ferrer A J G , Frangoudes K , Gobin J , Goh H C , Haapasaari P , Hardesty B D , Häussermann V , Hoareau K , Hornidge A-K , Isaacs M , Kraan M , Li Y , Liu M , Lopes P F M , Mlakar M , Morrison T H , Oxenford H A , Pecl G , Penca J , Robinson C , Selim S A , Skern-Mauritzen M , Soejima K , Soto D , Spalding A K , Vadrot A , Vaidianu N , Webber M , Wisz M S 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiverse and inclusive marine research is paramount to addressing ocean sustainability challenges in the 21st century, as envisioned by the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. Despite increasing efforts to diversify ocean science, women continue to face barriers at various stages of their career, which inhibits their progression to leadership within academic institutions. In this perspective, we draw on the collective experiences of thirty-four global women leaders, bolstered by a narrative review, to identify practical strategies and actions that will help empower early career women researchers to become the leaders of tomorrow. We propose five strategies: (i) create a more inclusive culture, (ii) ensure early and equitable career development opportunities for women ECRs, (iii) ensure equitable access to funding for women ECRs, (iv) offer mentoring opportunities and, (v) create flexible, family-friendly environments. Transformational, meaningful, and lasting change will only be achieved through commitment and collaborative action across various scales and by multiple stakeholders.
Preventing Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among U.S. Military Personnel: Potential Impact of a 2-Dose Versus 3-Dose Vaccine on Medical Readiness
Authors: Oelschlager Kimberly A , Termini Michael S , Stevenson Catherine 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Hepatitis B, a major public health issue worldwide, has been associated with serious clinical outcomes. Military personnel are at particular risk for hepatitis B, such that hepatitis B vaccination is part of the accession process for new recruits. Although lost time costs and medical cost avoidance have been used by the U.S. Military to guide their decision-making protocols, this has not been applied to hepatitis B vaccination costs. Herein, a decision-analytic model is used to compare the effective vaccine protection rates and vaccine and operational costs of 2-dose versus 3-dose hepatitis B vaccine regimens in a population of recruits from the U.S. Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island.

Methods
A decision-analytic model was developed to assess the expected levels of adherence, seroprotection, and vaccination and operational costs of a cohort of recruits vaccinated with either a 2-dose (HepB-CpG) vaccine for those eligible (scenario 1) or a 3-dose (HepB-Alum) vaccine (scenario 2). De-identified data from 23,004 recruits at the Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, in 2018 and 2019 were used to provide real-world data on age distribution and vaccination status. Other inputs included published data on adherence for hepatitis B vaccines and seroprotection rates for HepB-CpG and HepB-Alum in relation to the number of doses received. Costs included direct medical costs of the hepatitis B vaccination and operational costs such as missed training time.

Results
After receipt of two vaccine doses, 92% of recruits in scenario 1 (HepB-CpG group) were expected to be protected against hepatitis B within 1 month of receiving the second dose, compared with 24% of recruits in scenario 2 (HepB-Alum group), leaving 76% of Marine recruits unprotected if using HepB-Alum during the intervening 5-month period between doses 2 and 3. Over the study period, HepB-CpG was estimated to provide cost savings of $744,509 (17.3% cost reduction) compared with HepB-Alum, with the cost of missed training time being the most influential driver of the cost difference between the two vaccination schedules.

Conclusions
Findings from this model suggest that vaccination with the 2-dose HepB-CpG vaccine may provide earlier and higher protection against hepatitis B compared with the 3-dose vaccine (HepB-Alum). A 2-dose vaccination strategy incorporated as part of individual medical readiness has the potential to not only increase protection but also confer economic savings among military recruits at risk for hepatitis B infection.
A halo of trapped interstellar matter surrounding the Solar system
Authors: Peñarrubia Jorge 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
This paper shows that gravitating bodies travelling through the Galaxy can trap lighter interstellar particles that pass nearby with small relative velocities onto temporarily bound orbits. The capture mechanism is driven by the Galactic tidal field, which can decelerate infalling objects to a degree where their binding energy becomes negative. Over time, trapped particles build a local overdensity – or ‘halo’– that reaches a steady state as the number of particles being captured equals that being tidally stripped. This paper uses classical stochastic techniques to calculate the capture rate and the phase-space distribution of particles trapped by a point-mass. In a steady state, bound particles generate a density enhancement that scales as δ(r) ∼ r−3/2 (a.k.a ‘density spike’) and follow a velocity dispersion profile σh(r) ∼ r−1/2. Collision-less N-body experiments show excellent agreement with these theoretical predictions within a distance range r ≳ rϵ, where $r_\epsilon \simeq 0.8\, \exp [-V_\star ^2/(2\sigma ^2)]\, Gm_\star /\sigma ^2$ is the thermal critical radius of a point-mass m⋆ moving with a speed V⋆ through a sea of particles with a velocity dispersion σ. Preliminary estimates that ignore collisions with planets and Galactic substructures suggest that the Solar system may be surrounded by a halo that contains the order of $N^{\rm ISO}(\lt 0.1\, {\rm pc})\sim 10^7$ energetically bound ‘Oumuamua-like objects, and a dark matter mass of $M^{\rm DM}(\lt 0.1\, {\rm pc})\sim 10^{-13}M_\odot$. The presence of trapped interstellar matter in the Solar system can affect current estimates on the size of the Oort Cloud, and leave a distinct signal in direct dark matter detection experiments.
In situperformance and stability tests of large-area flexible polymer solar cells in the 35-km stratospheric environment
Authors: Xu Zihan , Xu Guoning , Luo Qun , Han Yunfei , Tang Yu , Miao Ying , Li Yongxiang , Qin Jian , Guo Jingbo , Zha Wusong , Gong Chao , Lu Kun , Zhang Jianqi , Wei Zhixiang , Cai Rong , Yang Yanchu , Li Zhaojie , Ma Chang-Qi 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTFlexible organic solar cells (FOSCs) are one of the most promising power sources for aerospace aircraft due to their attractive advantages with high power-per-weight ratio and excellent mechanical flexibility. Understanding the performance and stability of high-performance FOSCs is essential for the further development of FOSCs for aerospace applications. In this paper, after systematic investigations on the performance of the state-of-the-art high-performance solar cells under thermal cycle and intensive UV irradiation conditions, in situ performance and stability tests of the solar cells in the 35 km stratospheric environment were carried out through a high-altitude balloon uploading. The encapsulated FOSCs with an area of 0.64 cm2 gave the highest power density of 15.26 mW/cm2 and an efficiency over 11%, corresponding to a power-per-weight ratio of over 3.32 kW/kg. More importantly, the cells showed stable power output during the 3-h continuous flight at 35 km and only 10% performance decay after return to the lab, suggesting promising stability of the FOSCs in the stratospheric environment.
Prevalence and Mortality of Infective Endocarditis in Community-Acquired and Healthcare-Associated Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: A Danish Nationwide Registry-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Østergaard Lauge , Voldstedlund Marianne , Bruun Niels Eske , Bundgaard Henning , Iversen Kasper , Køber Nana , Dahl Anders , Chamat-Hedemand Sandra , Petersen Jeppe Kofoed , Jensen Andreas Dalsgaard , Christensen Jens Jørgen , Rosenvinge Flemming Schønning , Jarløv Jens Otto , Moser Claus , Andersen Christian Østergaard , Coia John , Marmolin Ea Sofie , Søgaard Kirstine K , Lemming Lars , Køber Lars , Fosbøl Emil Loldrup 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) can be community-acquired or healthcare-associated, and prior small studies have suggested that this mode of acquisition impacts the subsequent prevalence of infective endocarditis (IE) and patient outcomes.

Methods
First-time SAB was identified from 2010 to 2018 using Danish nationwide registries and categorized into community-acquired (no healthcare contact within 30 days) or healthcare-associated (SAB &gt;48 hours of hospital admission, hospitalization within 30 days, or outpatient hemodialysis). Prevalence of IE (defined from hospital codes) was compared between groups using multivariable adjusted logistic regression analysis. One-year mortality of S aureus IE (SAIE) was compared between groups using multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazard analysis.

Results
We identified 5549 patients with community-acquired SAB and 7491 with healthcare-associated SAB. The prevalence of IE was 12.1% for community-acquired and 6.6% for healthcare-associated SAB. Community-acquired SAB was associated with a higher odds of IE as compared with healthcare-associated SAB (odds ratio, 2.12 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.86–2.41]). No difference in mortality was observed with 0–40 days of follow-up for community-acquired SAIE as compared with healthcare-associated SAIE (HR, 1.07 [95% CI, .83–1.37]), while with 41–365 days of follow-up, community-acquired SAIE was associated with a lower mortality (HR, 0.71 [95% CI, .53–.95]).

Conclusions
Community-acquired SAB was associated with twice the odds for IE, as compared with healthcare-associated SAB. We identified no significant difference in short-term mortality between community-acquired and healthcare-associated SAIE. Beyond 40 days of survival, community-acquired SAIE was associated with a lower mortality.
Association Between Population-Level Factors and Household Secondary Attack Rate of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Can , Huang Xiaotong , Lau Eric H Y , Cowling Benjamin J , Tsang Tim K 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAccurate estimation of household secondary attack rate (SAR) is crucial to understand the transmissibility of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The impact of population-level factors, such as transmission intensity in the community, on SAR estimates is rarely explored.MethodsIn this study, we included articles with original data to compute the household SAR. To determine the impact of transmission intensity in the community on household SAR estimates, we explored the association between SAR estimates and the incidence rate of cases by country during the study period.ResultsWe identified 163 studies to extract data on SARs from 326 031 cases and 2 009 859 household contacts. The correlation between the incidence rate of cases during the study period and SAR estimates was 0.37 (95% CI, 0.24–0.49). We found that doubling the incidence rate of cases during the study period was associated with a 1.2% (95% CI, 0.5%–1.8%) higher household SAR.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the incidence rate of cases during the study period is associated with higher SAR. Ignoring this factor may overestimate SARs, especially for regions with high incidences, which further impacts control policies and epidemiological characterization of emerging variants.
Resource stewardship and Choosing Wisely in a children’s hospital
Authors: Friedman Jeremy N , Whitney Lauren , Jones Melissa , Ostrow Olivia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Evidence suggests that approximately 30% of the tests and treatments currently prescribed in healthcare are potentially unnecessary, may not add value, and in some cases cause harm. We describe the evolution of our hospital’s Choosing Wisely (CW) program over the first 5 years of existence, highlighting the enablers, challenges, and overall lessons learned with the goal of informing other healthcare providers about implementing resource stewardship initiatives in paediatric healthcare settings.

Methods
We describe the development of de novo “top 5” CW lists of recommendations using anonymous surveys and Likert scale scoring. Composition and role of the steering committee, measurement of data and outcomes, and implementation strategies are outlined.

Results
Many projects have resulted in a successful decrease in inappropriate utilization while simultaneously monitoring for unintended consequences. Examples include respiratory viral testing in the emergency department (ED) decreased by greater than 80%; ankle radiographs for children with ankle injuries decreased from 88% to 54%; and use of IVIG for treatment of typical ITP cases decreased from 88% to 55%. Early involvement focused within General Paediatrics and the ED, but later expanded to include perioperative services and paediatric subspecialties.

Conclusions
An internally developed CW program in a children’s hospital can reduce targeted areas of potentially unnecessary tests and treatments. Enablers include credible clinician champions, organizational leadership support, reliable measurement strategies, and dedicated resource stewardship education. The lessons learned may be generalizable to other paediatric healthcare settings and providers looking to introduce a similar approach to target unnecessary care in their own organizations.
ASSESSMENT OF OVERRANGING AS A FUNCTION OF PITCH, COLLIMATION AND ROTATION TIME FOR THREE OF THE MOST RECENT AND WIDESPREAD CT SCANS IN FRANCE
Authors: González-Méndez L A , Bozec J , Rousselle I , Royer B , Noel A , Farah J 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: to assess overranging (OR) as a function of pitch, collimation and rotation time for three commonly used CT models in France. Methods: OR was measured using XR-SP2 Gafchromic films (Ashland, USA) and computed from exposure data for three widely used CT models in France. The impact of collimation, pitch and rotation time on OR was analyzed while comparing the three CT models. Results: for a typical head protocol, measured OR was found to be equal to 1.64 cm for CT scan A, 0.5 cm for CT scan B and 3.44 cm for CT scan C. OR values were respectively of 4.47, 3.24 and 7.81 cm for the typical chest protocol and the 3 CT models. OR was lowest at pitch values &lt;1 for CT scan A, while it linearly increased with pitch for CT scan B and was lowest for high pitch values for CT scan C. Additionally, OR increase with collimation (24 mm to 38.4 mm) was most pronounced for CT scan B (factor of 2.2 for low pitch (0.5) and 2.8 for high pitch (1.2)) while it increased linearly regardless of the pitch for CT scans A and C. Rotation time also proved to slightly affect OR mainly for CT scan B (up to 2.2 mm). Conclusion: the present study shows that overranging remains an issue in modern CT scanners with large disparities across the vendors.