bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second order blind identification of event related potentials sources
Authors: Ponomarev Valery A. , Kropotov Jury D. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) recorded on the surface of the head are a mixture of signals from many sources in the brain due to volume conductions. As a result, the spatial resolution of the ERPs is quite low. Blind source separation can help to recover source signals from multichannel ERP records. In this study, we present a novel implementation of a method for decomposing multi-channel ERP into components, which is based on the modeling of second-order statistics of ERPs. We also report a new implementation of Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC), which is used to select the optimal number of hidden signals (components) in the original ERPs. We tested these methods using both synthetic datasets and real ERPs data arrays. Testing has shown that the ERP decomposition method can reconstruct the source signals from their mixture with acceptable accuracy even when these signals overlap significantly in time and the presence of noise. The use of BIC allows us to determine the correct number of source signals at the signal-to-noise ratio commonly observed in ERP studies. The proposed approach was compared with conventionally used methods for the analysis of ERPs. It turned out that the use of this new method makes it possible to observe such phenomena that are hidden by other signals in the original ERPs. The proposed method for decomposing a multichannel ERP into components can be useful for studying cognitive processes in laboratory settings, as well as in clinical studies.
‘The baby will have the right beginning’: Infant caregiver and health worker views on point-of-care HIV birth testing across 10 sites in Zimbabwe
Authors: Sacks Emma , Katirayi Leila , Kaeberle Betsy , Mafaune Haurovi William , Chadambuka Addmore , Tachiwenyika Emmanuel , Nyamundaya Tichaona , Cohn Jennifer , Mahomva Agnes , Mushavi Angela 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The survival of HIV-infected infants depends on early identification and initiation on effective treatment. HIV-exposed infants are tested at 6 weeks of age; however, testing for HIV sooner (e.g., shortly after birth) can identify in utero infection, which is associated with rapid progression. Infant early diagnostic virologic tests often have long turnaround times, reducing the utility of early testing. Point-of-care (POC) testing allows neonates born in health facilities to get results prior to discharge.
Methods
Beginning in 2018, Zimbabwe offered standard HIV testing at birth to high-risk HIV-exposed infants; as part of a pilot program, at 10 selected hospitals, POC birth testing (BT) was offered to every HIV-exposed infant. To understand the views of infant caregivers and health workers regarding POC BT, 48 interviews were held: 23 with infant caregivers and 25 with health workers, including 6 nurses-in-charge. Participants were purposively sampled across the participating sites. Interviews were held in English, Shona, or Ndebele, and transcribed in English. Line-by-line coding was carried out, and content analysis and constant comparison were used to identify key themes for each respondent type.
Results
Findings were organized under four themes: challenges with BT, acceptability of BT, benefits of BT, and recommendations for BT programs. Overall, BT was well accepted by caregivers and health workers because it encouraged mothers to better care for their uninfected newborns or initiate treatment more rapidly for infected infants. While the benefits were well understood, mothers felt there were some challenges, namely that they should be informed in advance about testing procedures and tested in a more private setting. Caregivers and HCWs also recommended improving awareness of BT, both among health care workers and in the community in general, as well as ensuring that facilities are well-stocked with supplies and can deliver results in a timely way before scaling up programs.
Conclusions
Caregivers and health workers strongly support implementation and expansion of birth testing programs due to the benefits for newborns. The challenges noted should be taken as planning guidance, rather than reasons to delay or discontinue birth testing programs.
A retrospective study on the prevalence of hypothalamic-pituitary axis disturbances as of six months post Traumatic Brain Injury in patients hospitalized in intensive functional rehabilitation
Authors: Moreau-Bourbonnais Amélie , Lamarre Céline , Dagher Jehane H. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This retrospective study aims to estimate the prevalence of neuroendocrine disturbances as early as six months after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in patients hospitalized in intensive functional rehabilitation (IFR).Methods: Retrospective study of all patients aged 17 years or older admitted to an IFR between 2014-2016 with a diagnosis of mild-complex to severe TBI. Charts were reviewed (N=300) and those with neuroendocrine lab results were retained (N=56). Pituitary-dependent hormone dosages were collected. Results: An estimated prevalence between 4.67 and 30.43% with at least one hormonal anomaly was noted. Compared to the literature, lower disturbances for all pituitary axes except central adrenal insufficiency were observed. The most significant prevalence in our cohort is of the adrenal axis estimated at 4 and 26.09%, while for thyroid, gonadal and growth hormone axes, a suspicion of disturbance was detected in a single patient per axis for an estimated prevalence of 0.33 to 2.17% each.Conclusion: Results did not show a very significant prevalence in chronic patients with TBI who were hospitalized in IFR. We believe that systematic testing is not necessary and propose workups only if symptomatic and after a comprehensive clinical history. Hypopituitarism is complex, and endocrinology consultation is recommended.
Paradoxical rise in pulmonary pressures and BNP immediately after balloon pulmonary angioplasty for CTEPH
Authors: FERRARI Emile , FOURRIER Etienne , LABBAOUI Mohamed , YANAKA Kenichi , REDJIMI Nassim , SQUARA Fabien , BREITTMAYER Jean-Philippe , TANIGUCHI Yu , BENZAQUEN Jonathan , MOCERI Pamela , BAUDOUY Delphine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty (BPA) is a constantly improving technique option for the treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). To assess pulmonary artery pressures (PAP) and BNP changes immediately after Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty (BPA) procedures.Methods: We implemented a rigorous protocol for measuring PAP just before, then immediately after, the BPA session and BNP before, then the following morning. In a sub-group of 16 procedures we also performed an endothelin-1 (ET-1) assay before and after each procedure.Results: out of 81 BPA (32 patients), sPAP before and after were 65 mmHg [59-74] versus 75 mmHg [64-80]: P=0.005; 38 mmHg [33-43] vs 43 mmHg [36-48] for mPAP: P <0.001, 23 mmHg [17-27] vs 24 mmHg [20-26] for dPAP: P=0.35. In all, PAP rose after 81% of the procedures. Likewise, BNP showed a significant increase the day after BPA: 127pg/mL [80-262] versus 116 pg/mL [58-215]: P <0.001. In all, BNP increased in 83% of the procedures. These modifications are not linked with a worst final BPA result. ET-1 decreased significantly: 1.5 pg /mL [1.39-3.64] vs 1.28 pg /mL [1.14-3.13]: P=0.021. Conclusion: PAP and BNP are very often transiently increased immediately after BPA. These paradoxical changes which may participate in common BPA procedure complications are not predictive of the long-term treatment benefits. Assessment of the BPA result should not be made within hours of a BPA session. The reason for the paradoxical increase in PAP and BNP is not established, but ET-1 secretion does not appear to be responsible.
Milk-derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: Nanomaterials to Promote Bone Formation
Authors: Dong Ming , Shi Chun , Yu Xinxin , Yang Qian , Wu Saixuan , Liu Runyuan , Liu Tingjiao , Wang Lina , Niu Weidong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSmall extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are an important component in the paracrine pathway. They can be used as a substitute for seed cells and have shown good application prospects in promoting bone regeneration. Cow’s milk could be used as a source of sEVs with good biocompatibility and cost-effectiveness, with easy availability, low cost and low toxicity. This study focused on the role and mechanism of small extracellular vesicles derived from milk in bone repair.MethodssEVs were isolated from fresh milk by ultracentrifugation, and the extraction of Milk-sEVs was identified by TEM, NTA, and Western blotting. The effects of Milk-sEVs on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts were studied by CCK-8 assay, ALP, Western blotting and Real-time PCR. A mice skull defect model was constructed, and the bone formation at the defect site was observed by HE staining, Masson staining and IHC. The differential gene GJA1 after Milk-sEVs acted on osteoblasts was screened by transcriptome chip, and the transcript AP3B1 of GJA1 was verified by CHIP.ResultsWe have proved by in vivo and in vitro experiments that milk-derived sEVs (Milk-sEVs) increase the repair ability of bone tissue, and promote expression of the osteogenic gene GJA1 through the transcript AP3B1.ConclusionMilk-sEVs can enhance the expression of the transcription factor AP3B1, AP3B1 can bind to the GJA1 promoter to enhance the expression of GJA1 and promote bone repair.
Ventricular Tachycardia or Fibrillation Storm in Coronavirus Disease
Authors: khan Muhammad Hassan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) storm associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection is a potentially fatal complication; the correlation of these 2 disorders, however, has not been well studied. This retrospective case series examined outcomes of 2 patients who were admitted for repeated implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks with or without syncope and observed to have VT/VF storms with COVID-19. Mechanisms of VT/VF storms in COVID-19 are multifactorial including myocarditis, systemic inflammation, hyperadrenergic state, hemodynamic instability, hypoxia, acidosis, and proarrhythmic drugs. A higher incidence of VT/VF storm is observed in patients with comorbidities and those requiring critical care, with some studies reporting increased mortality. In our cohort, 1 of the 2 patients succumbed to the complications from COVID-19 and the other patient was discharged to home in stable condition. Monitoring of life-threatening arrhythmias in the setting of COVID-19 may need to be adopted to prevent morbidity and mortality.
Acute radiation dermatitis among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with proton beam therapy- prognostic factors and treatment outcomes
Authors: Fang Ko-Chun , Lee Chih-Hung , Chuang Hui-Ching , Huang Tai-Lin , Chien Chih-Yen , Tsai Wen-Ling , Fang Fu-Min 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
A high incidence of severe acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) has been reported for cancer patients treated by proton beam therapy (PBT). This prospective study investigated the prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of ARD among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with PBT.
Methods
Fifty-seven patients with newly diagnosed NPC and treated with PBT were enrolled. ARD was recorded weekly based on the criteria of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0 in a prospective fashion at treatment visits (1st to 7th weeks) and 1 week (8th week) and 1 month (11th week) after the completion of PBT. Topical corticosteroid was used when grade 1 ARD appeared, and silver sulfadiazine was added if ARD progressed to grade 2 or more.
Results
The maximum ARD grade was 1, 2, and 3 in 26 (45.6%), 24 (42.1%), and 7 (12.3%) of the patients, respectively. The peak incidence of grade 2 and 3 ARD was observed during the period of the 6th to 8th weeks. Twenty-four (42.1%) patients received topical corticosteroid alone; 33 (57.9%) patients received the combination of topical corticosteroid and silver sulfadiazine. In the 11th week, most grade 2 and 3 ARD had disappeared and 93.0% of the patients had ARD of grade 1 or lower. In the binary logistic regression model, we identified habitual smoking [odds ratio (OR): 5.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3–18.8, P = 0.012] and N2 to N3 nodal status (OR: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.6–15.4, P = 0.006) as independent predictors of grade 2 and 3 ARD.
Conclusion
The results show ARD is a major concern for patients with NPC treated with PBT, especially those with habitual smoking or advanced nodal status. Topical corticosteroid and silver sulfadiazine are effective for treating ARD induced by PBT.
Visual scene discrimination: A perceptual advantage in autistic adults
Authors: Jassim Nazia , Owen Adrian M. , Smith Paula , Suckling John , Lawson Rebecca P. , Baron-Cohen Simon , Parsons Owen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Discriminating between similar scenes proves to be a remarkably demanding task due to the limited capacity of our visual cognitive processes. Here we examine how visual scene discrimination is modulated by perceptual differences arising from neurodiversity. A large sample of autistic (n = 140) and typical (n = 147) participants completed two visual scene discrimination experiments online. Each experiment consisted of “match” (identical scenes) and “mismatch” (subtle differences between scenes) conditions. In both experiments, we found strong evidence for an interaction between group and task condition. Specifically, when compared to typical controls, autistic individuals were on average more accurate at identifying subtle differences between scenes. Taken together, these results suggest differential processing of contextual expectations in autism. These findings are consistent with both classic cognitive theories and more recent Bayesian explanations of autistic perception. In addition, this work highlights the strengths of neurodiversity in specific areas of cognition.
Enhanced self-phase modulation with femtosecond optical pulses in silicon nanowires integrated with graphene oxide films
Authors: moss david 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate enhanced spectral broadening of femtosecond optical pulses after propagation through silicon-on-insulator (SOI) nanowire waveguides integrated with two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) films. Owing to the strong mode overlap between the SOI nanowires and the GO films with a high Kerr nonlinearity, the self-phase modulation (SPM) process in the hybrid waveguides is significantly enhanced, resulting in greatly improved spectral broadening of the femtosecond optical pulses. A solution-based, transfer-free coating method is used to integrate GO films onto the SOI nanowires with precise control of the film thickness. Detailed SPM measurements using femtosecond optical pulses are carried out, achieving a broadening factor of up to ~ 4.3 for a device with 0.4-mm-long, 2 layers of GO. By fitting the experimental results with theory, we obtain an improvement in the waveguide nonlinear parameter by a factor of ~ 3.5 and the effective nonlinear figure of merit (FOM) by a factor of ~ 3.8, relative to the uncoated waveguide. Finally, we discuss the influence of GO film length on the spectral broadening and compare the nonlinear optical performance of different integrated waveguides coated with GO films. These results confirm the improved nonlinear optical performance for silicon devices integrated with 2D GO films.
Hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics of Taylor flow in pipelines: An extensive bibliometric analysis
Authors: Gawusu Sidique , Zhang Xiaobing , Mensah Rhoda Afriyie , Das Oisik , Ahmed Abubakari 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The study is influenced by the significant progress made in the field of hydrodynamics and heat transfer enhancement of Taylor flow in vertical and horizontal pipelines. It maps the hydrodynamics and thermal properties of Taylor flow using 752 scientific articles published in refereed journals, extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), using bibliometric analysis. The study identifies clusters that constitute the intellectual structure of the study domain, and investigates their linkages, by incorporating all citations from the Science Citation Index (SCI) from 2000–2021. The study highlights the most active, impactful, and influential parameters surrounding Taylor flow research. This analysis is critical for expanding our understanding of the intellectual network and identifying new research directions.
WITHDRAWN: Transmission Grating Functioning as both Transmission Grating and Reflective Grating Simultaneously in Same Experiment--- Rotating Grating Around Three Axes (5)
Authors: Peng Hui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

The orientation-dependence of the diffraction patterns of the transmission grating experiments have been systematically studied by rotating the 1D- and 2D-gratings around three axes. There are two kinds of gratings, transmission and reflective gratings. In this article, we show the novel phenomena: (1) the transmission grating creates simultaneously both the transmission diffraction pattern and the reflective diffraction pattern respectively, namely the transmission grating functions as both a transmission grating and a reflective grating in one experiment; (2) the reflective pattern is non-uniform, expanded, curved and inclined when the grating rotates, namely the reflective pattern has the same characteristics as that of the transmission patten in the same transmission grating experiment. We refer both as the “twin patterns” in the same experiment. We suggest to do the grating experiment with the experimental setups in this article by emitting photons one at a time.
Comparison of Symptoms Between Midlife Women in Peri-menopause and Post-menopause Using Network Comparison Test
Authors: Min Se Hee , Yang Qing , Docherty Sharron L. , Lee Chiyoung 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction.
Midlife women in peri-menopause and post-menopause experience a complex array of symptoms. However, there are conflicting results on how their symptom experience differs by menopausal stage. Current studies have not examined the interconnected relationship among menopausal symptoms and understood how this relationship may differ based on the menopausal stage.
Purpose.
This study aims to examine and compare the symptom network structure and key symptoms between midlife women in peri-menopause and post-menopause.
Method.
This is a secondary data analysis using cross-sectional data (visit 5) from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. Network analysis was used to visualize the network structure and to identify key symptoms. Then, network comparison test was conducted to compare the symptom network properties. Propensity score matching was used to match participants in terms of their covariates.
Result.
In midlife women in peri-menopause, frequent mood change was the key symptom with the highest strength (1.59) and closeness (1.28). In midlife women in post-menopause, night sweat was the key symptom with the highest strength (1.35) and betweenness (1.82). The symptom networks were not significantly different between the two groups in terms of global strength (S = 0.01, p = 0.974), network structure (M = 0.10, p = 0.461), and specific centrality measure (C=-0.10, p = 0.083).
Conclusion.
While the symptom networks were not invariant, the key symptoms were different between the two groups. This indicates a potential need for different symptom management approach in midlife women in peri-menopause and post-menopause. With this new knowledge, clinicians should offer targeted key symptom assessment and management in clinical settings.
A cross-sectional survey on knowledge, attitudes and practices towards malaria control and prevention among caregivers of children under-5 in the Western Area of Sierra Leone
Authors: Koroma Joan Mabinty , Wang Yuji , Guo Xiang , Zhang Xiaoqing , Ngobeh Jone Jama Kpanda , Gabir Ahmed Mohamed Elamin Ali , Li Ziyao , Li Li , Wu Rangke , Zhou Xiaohong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundChildren under-5 are the most vulnerable to malaria infection and they suffer serious complications. Sierra Leone is one of the countries with the highest malaria burden in the world. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) towards malaria control and prevention among caregivers of children under-5 in the Western Area of Sierra Leone.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among caregivers of children under-5 visiting the out-patient department of six selected hospitals/community health centers. Data were collected via questionnaire interview with 350 caregivers. Further statistical analyses were performed primarily Spearman’s rank test for inferring the correlations among KAPs, univariate and multivariate logistic regression for demonstration the association between KAPs and socio-demographic characteristics.ResultsWomen made up 97.1% of respondents with the majority being young mothers-including 33 single student moms. 46.3% among respondents were unemployed and 27.1% had no educational background. Only 1.4% received malaria related information from the internet/social media. This KAPs survey indicated that misconception of cause, transmission and clinical symptoms of malaria; unawareness of lethality and severity; inappropriate behaviors in prevention and treatment such as self-medicating were still in existence in some caregivers. But a positive correlation in knowledge-attitudes (rs = 0.13, P < 0.05) and attitudes-practices (rs = 0.45, P < 0.001) were revealed. The caregivers being a mother and having at least secondary education were demonstrated associated with positive attitudes and practices. Meanwhile, more urban-based caregivers (79.8%) followed a complete malaria treatment course of ACTs than the rural (63.3%), but in view of ITNs use, more rural-based caregivers presented positive attitudes (85.3%) and practices (70.1%) than the urban (69.9%, 52.0%). The student moms might know more but do less.ConclusionsFor better protection of children under-5 against lethal malaria, providing a better guidance at community level for their caregivers, especially young mothers, is essential to reduce some misconceptions and inappropriate behaviors. It is important to develop an efficient communication channel to disseminate information regarding malaria, especially strengthening community-based media infrastructure, including internet/social media. An increase in education and employment opportunities for women, as well as setting up community-based malaria counselling services, is also needed.
Forms of presentation of historical knowledge in the works of L.P. Karsavin
Authors: Шехорина А.В. 
Published: May 2022

В статье проанализированы научные статьи и очерки Л.П. Карсавина (1882-1952), как формы презентации исторического знания. Выявляются особенности этих историографических источников по сравнению с видовой моделью. Предложена классификация научных статей и очерков, их периодизация в творчестве Л.П. Карсавина. Анализируются видовые модели научной статьи и очерка и их реализация в трудах Л.П. Карсавина.
The paper scientific articles and sketches by L.P. Karsavin (1882-1952) are studied. The special aspects of these historiographic sources are revealed in comparison with the species model. The classification of scientific articles and sketches in the works of L.P. Karsavin are presented. the analysis of the specific model of the scientific article and essay and their implementation in the works of L.P. Karsavin is presented.