bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual Deprivation Selectively Reduces Thalamic Reticular Nucleus-Mediated Inhibition of the Auditory Thalamus in Adults
Authors: Whitt Jessica L. , Ewall Gabrielle , Chakraborty Darpan , Adegbesan Ayorinde , Lee Rachel , Kanold Patrick O. , Lee Hey-Kyoung 
Published: September 2022

Sensory loss leads to widespread cross-modal plasticity across brain areas to allow the remaining senses to guide behavior. While multimodal sensory interactions are often attributed to higher-order sensory areas, cross-modal plasticity has been observed at the level of synaptic changes even across primary sensory cortices. In particular, vision loss leads to widespread circuit adaptation in the primary auditory cortex (A1) even in adults. Here we report using mice of both sexes in which cross-modal plasticity occurs even earlier in the sensory-processing pathway at the level of the thalamus in a modality-selective manner. A week of visual deprivation reduced inhibitory synaptic transmission from the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) to the primary auditory thalamus (MGBv) without changes to the primary visual thalamus (dLGN). The plasticity of TRN inhibition to MGBv was observed as a reduction in postsynaptic gain and short-term depression. There was no observable plasticity of the cortical feedback excitatory synaptic transmission from the primary visual cortex to dLGN or TRN and A1 to MGBv, which suggests that the visual deprivation-induced plasticity occurs predominantly at the level of thalamic inhibition. We provide evidence that visual deprivation-induced change in the short-term depression of TRN inhibition to MGBv involves endocannabinoid CB1 receptors. TRN inhibition is considered critical for sensory gating, selective attention, and multimodal performances; hence, its plasticity has implications for sensory processing. Our results suggest that selective disinhibition and altered short-term dynamics of TRN inhibition in the spared thalamic nucleus support cross-modal plasticity in the adult brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLosing vision triggers adaptation of the brain to enhance the processing of the remaining senses, which can be observed as better auditory performance in blind subjects. We previously found that depriving vision of adult rodents produces widespread circuit reorganization in the primary auditory cortex and enhances auditory processing at a neural level. Here we report that visual deprivation-induced plasticity in adults occurs much earlier in the auditory pathway, at the level of thalamic inhibition. Sensory processing is largely gated at the level of the thalamus via strong cortical feedback inhibition mediated through the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). We found that TRN inhibition of the auditory thalamus is selectively reduced by visual deprivation, thus playing a role in adult cross-modal plasticity.
Influence of cortisol cosecretion on non-ACTH-stimulated adrenal venous sampling in primary aldosteronism: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Heinrich Daniel Alexander , Quinkler Marcus , Adolf Christian , Handgriff Laura , Müller Lisa , Schneider Holger , Sturm Lisa , Künzel Heike , Seidensticker Max , Deniz Sinan , Ladurner Roland , Beuschlein Felix , Reincke Martin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective
Cortisol measurements are essential for the interpretation of adrenal venous samplings (AVS) in primary aldosteronism (PA). Cortisol cosecretion may influence AVS indices. We aimed to investigate whether cortisol cosecretion affects non-adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-stimulated AVS results.

Design
Retrospective cohort study at a tertiary referral center.

Methods
We analyzed 278 PA patients who underwent non-ACTH-stimulated AVS and had undergone at least a 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST). Subsets underwent additional late-night salivary cortisol (LSC) and/or 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC) measurements. Patients were studied from 2013 to 2020 with follow-up data of 6 months following adrenalectomy or mineralocorticoid antagonist therapy initiation. We analyzed AVS parameters including adrenal vein aldosterone/cortisol ratios, selectivity, lateralization (LI) and contralateral suppression indices and post-operative ACTH-stimulation. We classified outcomes according to the primary aldosteronism surgical outcome (PASO) criteria.

Results
Among the patients, 18.9% had a pathological DST result (1.9–5 µg/dL: n = 44 (15.8%); &gt;5 µg/dL: n = 8 (2.9%)). Comparison of AVS results stratified according to the 1-mg DST (≤1.8 vs &gt;1.8 µg/dL: P = 0.499; ≤1.8 vs 1.8 ≤ 5 vs &gt;5 µg/dL: P = 0.811) showed no difference. Lateralized cases with post DST serum cortisol values &gt; 5 µg/dL had lower LI (≤1.8 µg/dL: 11.11 (5.36; 26.76) vs 1.9–5 µg/dL: 11.76 (4.9; 31.88) vs &gt;5 µg/dL: 2.58 (1.67; 3.3); P = 0.008). PASO outcome was not different according to cortisol cosecretion.

Conclusions
Marked cortisol cosecretion has the potential to influence non-ACTH-stimulated AVS results. While this could result in falsely classified lateralized cases as bilateral, further analysis of substitutes for cortisol are required to unmask effects on clinical outcome.
Diurnal cortisol features with cardiovascular disease in hypertensive patients: a cohort study
Authors: Gan Lin , Li Nanfang , Heizati Mulalibieke , Lin Mengyue , Zhu Qing , Hong Jing , Wu Ting , Tong Ling , Xiamili Zuhere , Lin Yue 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective
The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis may be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the effects of diurnal cortisol features on future CVD remain unclear among patients with hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate the association between diurnal cortisol features and CVD in patients with hypertension.

Design and methods
Participants with cortisol rhythm test at baseline in Urumqi Research on Sleep Apnea and Hypertension (UROSAH) in 2011–2013 were enrolled and followed up till 2021. Incident events included coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure. Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the relationship between diurnal cortisol features and incident CVD. Sex-specific and sensitivity analyses were also performed.

Results
In total, 2305 hypertensive participants comprised the current analytical sample. During a median follow-up of 7.2 years and 16374.9 person-years, there were 242 incident CVD cases. Multivariable Cox regression showed that steep diurnal cortisol slope (DCS) was significantly associated with decreased CVD risk (per s.d., hazard ratio (HR) = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77–0.96, P = 0.011). Midnight cortisol was positively associated with an increased CVD risk (per s.d., HR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.08–1.42, P = 0.002). Comparable results were observed in the sensitivity analyses. Neither midnight cortisol nor DCS was associated with incident CVD in the female subgroup.

Conclusions
Flatter DCS and higher midnight cortisol levels are associated with an increased risk of CVD in patients with hypertension, especially in men. The detection of diurnal cortisol rhythm may help identify patients with hypertension at high risk of CVD.
МЕНЕДЖЕР У ФІЗИЧНІЙ КУЛЬТУРІ: ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ РОБОЧОГО МІСЦЯ; УМОВИ ПРАЦІ
Authors: Тягур Роман 
Published: September 2022

Мета. Визначити сутність і зміст організації та планування робочого місця менеджера у фізичній культурі; розкрити вимоги до його робочого місця. Методи. Для реалізації поставленої мети були використані наступні методи дослідження: теоретичний аналіз і узагальнення науково-методичної літератури. Результати. Робоче місце менеджера це просторова зона, яка обладнана необхідними матеріальними засобами, технікою і певним чином організована, у якій здійснюється трудова діяльність менеджера ( тобто, це місце, де виконується робота менеджера). Організація робочого місця менеджера це сукупність заходів щодо обладнання робочого місця засобами і знаряддями праці та їх розміщення у визначеному порядку. Праця менеджера є не тільки суто розумовою діяльністю. В процесі виконання своєї роботи менеджер працює з комп’ютером, користується телефоном, факсом, модемом, технікою для множення документів. Його праця це безліч різних рухів, простих та складних, таких, які виконуються тільки один раз, та таких, які повторюються багато разів, які вимагають уваги або виконуються автоматично. Планування робочого місця менеджера передбачає раціональне відповідно, функціональних, гігієнічних, психофізіологічних і естетичних вимог розміщення в кабінеті або в іншому службовому приміщенні меблів, обладнання і комп’ютера. Крім того, воно має виключати витрати часу, пов’язані з недоцільним переміщенням,забезпечувати умови для ефективного виконання менеджером своїх функцій і економне використання площі службового приміщення. В сучасних умовах більша частина робочих місць менеджерів формується на основі індивідуальних проектів або взагалі без них. У цьому одна з причин невисокого рівня організації робочих місць, низької ефективності витрат на їх обладнання. До проектування робочих місць на практиці пред’являються певні вимоги, що частково можуть бути виражені в кількісних показниках – нормах і нормативах, а частково мають тільки якісний опис. Висновок. Завдання раціональної організації робочих місць менеджерів включає в себе не тільки забезпечення його усім необхідним відповідно до змісту та характеру роботи, яка виконується, але й раціональне його розміщення, створення комфортних умов праці. Найкращий варіант робочого місця, як і в інших сферах діяльності, може бути визначений тільки за умови детального аналізу тієї роботи, яка виконується менеджером.
Acceptability of Deimplementing High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Pediatric Bronchiolitis
Authors: Gupta Nisha , Port Courtney , Jo Diana , Bastawrous David , Busch Hayley , Weis Amy , Newcomb Anna 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in children hospitalized with bronchiolitis does not significantly improve clinical outcomes but can increase costs and intensive care unit use. Given widespread HFNC use, it is imperative to reduce use. However, there is limited information on key factors that affect deimplementation. To explore acceptability of HFNC deimplementation, perceptions of HFNC benefits, and identify barriers and facilitators to deimplementation.

METHODS
We conducted a study of health care providers that included quantitative survey data supplemented by semistructured interviews. Data were analyzed using univariate tests and thematic content analysis.

RESULTS
A total of 152 (39%) providers completed the survey; 9 participated in interviews. Eighty-three (55%) providers reported feeling positively about deimplementing HFNC. Reports of feeling positively increased as perceived familiarity with evidence increased (P = .04). Physicians were more likely than nurses and respiratory therapists to report feeling positively (P = .003). Hospital setting and years of clinical experience were not associated with feeling positively (P = .98 and .55, respectively). One hundred (66%) providers attributed nonevidence-based clinical benefits to HFNC. Barriers to deimplementation included discomfort with not intervening, perception that HFNC helps, and variation in risk tolerance and clinical experience. Facilitators promoting deimplementation include staff education, a culture of safely doing less, and enhanced multidisciplinary communication.

CONCLUSIONS
Deimplementation of HFNC in children with bronchiolitis is acceptable among providers. Hospital leaders should educate staff, create a culture for safely doing less, and enhance multidisciplinary communication to facilitate deimplementation.
Campylobacter jejuni infection induces acute enterocolitis in IL-10-/- mice pretreated with ampicillin plus sulbactam
Authors: Heimesaat Markus M. , Mousavi Soraya , Bandick Rasmus , Bereswill Stefan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Gut microbiota depletion is a pivotal prerequisite to warrant Campylobacter jejuni infection and induced inflammation in IL-10-/- mice used as acute campylobacteriosis model. We here assessed the impact of an 8-week antibiotic regimen of ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, metronidazole, and vancomycin (ABx) as compared to ampicillin plus sulbactam (A/S) on gut microbiota depletion and immunopathological responses upon oral C. jejuni infection. Our obtained results revealed that both antibiotic regimens were comparably effective in depleting the murine gut microbiota facilitating similar pathogenic colonization alongside the gastrointestinal tract following oral infection. Irrespective of the preceding microbiota depletion regimen, mice were similarly compromised by acute C. jejuni induced enterocolitis as indicated by comparable clinical scores and macroscopic as well as microscopic sequelae such as colonic histopathology and apoptosis on day 6 post-infection. Furthermore, innate and adaptive immune cell responses in the large intestines were similar in both infected cohorts, which also held true for intestinal, extra-intestinal and even systemic secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6. In conclusion, gut microbiota depletion in IL-10-/- mice by ampicillin plus sulbactam is sufficient to investigate both, C. jejuni infection and the immunopathological features of acute campylobacteriosis.
Applying New Visions of Reading Development in Today's Classrooms
Authors: Dougherty Stahl Katherine A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConstrained skills theory is a reconceptualization of reading development that suggests a continuum of skills, with some, such as letter knowledge and decoding abilities, more tightly constrained than others, such as phonological awareness and oral reading fluency. The most constrained skills consist of a limited number of items and thus can be mastered universally within a relatively short time frame. The least constrained skills, vocabulary and comprehension, are learned across a lifetime, broad in scope, variable among people, and may influence many other skills. This article addresses the important implications of this theory for classroom practice, curricula, and assessment. Finally, cautions are issued regarding the potential to overemphasize the assessment and instruction of constrained abilities in an effort to enhance the likelihood of the successful long‐term acquisition of unconstrained abilities.
Improvement of Stochastic Green’s Function Method for 3D Broadband Ground-Motion Simulation
Authors: Ji Longfei , Xie Xu , Pan Xiaoyu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInputting reasonable ground motion is very significant in the seismic design of engineering structures under near-fault earthquakes. At present, the stochastic Green’s function method has been successfully applied to the simulation of moderate to high-frequency ground motions, but its accuracy is poor for low-frequency ground-motion simulation. In this study, an improved stochastic Green’s function method that is used to simulate broadband ground motion is established by considering the variation of the correlation of phase spectra among small earthquakes in different subfaults with the frequency and distance as well as the variation of the radiation pattern with the frequency and distance. Taking the 1994 Northridge earthquake in America and the 2013 Lushan earthquake in China as examples, the simulation results by the improved stochastic Green’s function method are compared with observed ground-motion records. The results show that considering the influence of near-field and intermediate-field terms has a little effect on the accuracy of ground-motion simulation. The directivity effect of near-fault ground motion can be reflected to a certain extent by considering the variation of the correlation of phase spectra among small earthquakes in different subfaults with the frequency and distance. Considering both the variation of the correlation of phase spectra among small earthquakes in different subfaults with the frequency and distance and the variation of the radiation pattern with the frequency and distance, the simulated acceleration response spectra generally show good agreement with the observed records. Therefore, the improved stochastic Green’s function method proposed in this study can simulate the broadband ground motion effectively.
A Source Study of the Mw 7.0 Acapulco, Mexico, Earthquake of 8 September 2021
Authors: Iglesias Arturo , Singh Shri K. , Castro-Artola Oscar , Pérez-Campos Xyoli , Corona-Fernandez Raul D. , Santoyo Miguel A. , Espíndola Víctor H. , Arroyo Danny , Franco Sara I. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Acapulco earthquake of 2021 broke a segment of the southeast Guerrero seismic gap along the Mexican subduction thrust. The rupture initiated offshore Acapulco (16.770° N, 99.942° W) and propagated down-dip toward northeast. This source directivity is confirmed from both (1) an analysis of local and regional recordings as a function of azimuth and (2) kinematic inversion of near-source, band-pass filtered (0.025–0.5 Hz) displacement seismograms and Global Positioning System static coseismic displacement vectors. The inversion reveals little slip near the hypocenter (&lt;0.5 m) and significant slip distributed over an area of ∼184  km2, with the large slip patches in the northeast part of the fault. The estimated average slip and static stress drop are 260 cm and 18.6 MPa, respectively. Moment rate function reported by National Earthquake Information Center–U.S. Geological Survey from finite-fault modeling is simple, and it resembles other Mexican subduction earthquakes in the 7.0 ≤ M ≤ 7.5 range. Moment rate spectrum is well fit by the Brune ω−2 source model. Radiated seismic energy from teleseismic P waves is 7.5×1014  J, and ER/M0 is 2.1×10−5. Radiated energy enhancement factor—a measure of source complexity—is small, 5.8, similar to other Mexican subduction thrust earthquakes. Seismograms at DeBilt of the 2021 and the 11 May 1962 Acapulco earthquakes show an extraordinary similarity, seldom seen at M 7.0 level. The 2021 earthquake seems a repeat of the 1962 earthquake. The slip deficit since 1962 corresponding to a plate convergence rate of 6.2 cm/yr and perfect coupling is 366 cm. Thus, the seismic slip of 260 cm during that 2021 earthquake suggests a coupling ratio of 0.7, greater than 0.3 and 0.5 reported from geodetic measurements. Large moment release in the southeast seismic gap appears to have a periodicity of ~60 yr. Because 60 yr have elapsed since the last sequence earthquakes (1957 MS 7.5; 1962 MS 7.0 and 6.8), a renewal of large earthquakes in the region may be expected.
Pengembangan Panduan Pelatihan Teknik Self Control untuk Mereduksi Perilaku Agresif Fisik Siswa SMA
Authors: Diogo Maria Gregoria Nona , Lasan Blasius Boli , Hambali IM 
Published: September 2022

<div align="center"><table width="645" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="439"><p class="Abstrak"><strong>Abstract:</strong> This study aims to produce a technique training guide self-control to reduce physical aggressive behaviour of high school students by meeting the acceptance criteria product through expert testing of guidance and counselling materials, learning media expert testing and prospective user testing. This research and development research uses the research and development model of Borg &amp; Gall (1983). The subjects of this research are BK experts, media experts and potential users. The feasibility of this guide is based on an assessment carried out by two BK experts, two learning media experts and two potential users. The data obtained in this research and development are in the form of numerical data and verbal data. Analysis of the results of the expert and prospective user assessments used the analysis inter-rater agreement model to determine the level of acceptance of the guide. The results of the assessment from the BK expert gave an assessment of 1.00 which had a very high validity number, the media expert gave an assessment of 1.00 which had a very high validity number and prospective users gave an assessment of 1.00 which had a very high validity number so that it can be concluded that the guide developed to meet product acceptance criteria.</p><p class="Abstrak"><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan panduan pelatihan teknik <em>self-control </em>untuk mereduksi perilaku agresif fisik siswa SMA dengan memenuhi kriteria keberterimaan produk melalui uji ahli materi bimbingan dan konseling, uji ahli media pembelajaran dan uji calon pengguna. Kemudian penelitian dan pengembangan ini menggunakan model penelitian dan pengembangan Borg &amp; Gall (1983). Subjek pada penelitian ini yaitu ahli BK, ahli media dan calon pengguna. Perolehan data pada penelitian dan pengembangan ini menggunakan analisis <em>inter-rater agreement model </em>untuk mengetahui tingkat keberterimaan panduan. Hasil penilaian dar ahli BK memberikan nilai 1,00 yang memiliki angka validitas sangat tinggi, ahli media memberikan nilai 1, 00 yang memiliki angka validitas sangat inggi, dan calon pengguna memberikan nilai 1,00 yang memiliki angka validitas sangat tinggi, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa panduan yang telah dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria keberterimaan produk.<strong></strong></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
Validitas Teoritik Panduan Konseling Naratif Bermuatan Parebhasan Madhura untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMA
Authors: Rofiqoh Rofiqoh , Hidayah Nur , Ramli M. 
Published: September 2022

<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Critical thinking skills are needed for the academic life of students at school and have a wider frame of reference. Improving critical thinking skills using an intervention in the form of a postmodern counseling approach, namely narrative counseling in which the values of local wisdom are internalized in the form of Madhura parebhasan. The purpose of this study was to validate the results of the development of narrative counseling products containing Parebhasan Madhura to improve students' critical thinking skills. The subjects involved in this study were 2 BK material experts, 1 media expert, 1 cultural expert, and 2 potential users who were high school BK teachers in the Madura area. This development uses the Akker development model and data analysis using the Aiken validity index. The overall results of this assessment will be a data series to obtain the acceptance and feasibility of the narrative counseling guidebook containing Madhura's parebhasan.</p><strong>Abstrak:</strong><em> </em>Keterampilan berpikir kritis sangat dibutuhkan untuk kehidupan akademik siswa di sekolah dan memiliki kerangka acuan yang lebih luas. Peningkatan keterampilan berfikir kritis menggunakan intervensi berupa pendekatan konseling posmodern yaitu konseling naratif yang didalamnya diinternalisasikan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal berupa <em>parebhasan Madhura.</em> Tujuan penelitian ini adalah validasi hasil produk pengembangan konseling naratif bermuatan <em>Parebhasan Madhura </em>untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Subjek yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu dua ahli materi BK, satu ahli media, satu ahli budaya, dan dua calon pengguna yang merupakan guru BK SMA di wilayah Madura. Pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan Akker dan analisis data menggunakan indeks validitas Aiken Hasil keseluruhan penilaian ini akan menjadi rangkaian data untuk memperoleh penerimaan dan kelayakan dari buku panduan konseling naratif bermuatan <em>parebhasan Madhura.</em>