bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Swamps as habitats of rare raptor species in the Nizhny Novgorod region
Authors: Shukov P M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article presents relevant contribution to the distribution and number of six species of birds of prey listed in the Red Data Book of RF, in the territory of swamps in the Nizhny Novgorod region. Three species of rare birds of prey in the Nizhny Novgorod region demonstrate a very strong relationship with the swamps of the region - Golden Eagle, Short-toed Eagle and Osprey. All the nesting sites of Golden Eagles are rigidly connected with bog complexes; 66.1% sites of the Short-toed Eagle sites are located in swamps. Osprey can also nest along rivers, but, most likely, the loss of densely located nesting sites in bogs (45.8%) will lead to catastrophic consequences for the species. The Greater Spotted Eagle and White-Tailed Eagle are associated with swamps for the second time, and their rates are 11.8% and 11.7%. Earlier the Peregrine Falcon in the region had a significant percentage of nesting sites in wetlands (26.7%), but now seems to be lost as a breeding species. The total percentage of neting sites located in wetlands for all raptor species listed in the Red Data Book of RF in the Nizhny Novgorod region is 39.5%. All the species under consideration are bioindicators of wetlands and adjacent habitats and allow assessing the conditions of this habitat.
Laser remelting of AISI H13 tool steel: influence of cooling rate on the surface properties
Authors: Xie Jichang , Raoelison Rija Nirina , Di Ruifeng , Liu Yanan , Li Jishuai , Rachik Mohamed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Laser surface remelting is an effective and suitable process to extend the longevity of components without additional materials. In this paper, a high energy density laser with a large size was used to improve the hardness of H13 tool steel. A predictive numerical multiphysics coupled model was established to investigate the temperature field and the profile of the molten pool. The effect of laser scanning speeds is investigated in terms of heat-affected depth, surface topography, and mechanical properties. In detail, the simulated temperature gradients with laser scanning speed in a range of 12 to 24 mm s−1 are ∼8.4 × 105 K m−1, involving a cooling rate less than 1 × 104 K s−1 can prevent cracking. The hardness of the remelted zone is in the range of 700–850 HV0.2, and the tensile performances are also recorded. The model in this work could not only link the mechanical properties with process parameters together, but also guide the actual experiment or processing bypassing the trial-and-error method, as well as extend to other materials and laser additive manufacturing.
A perspective on electroencephalography sensors for brain-computer interfaces
Authors: Iacopi Francesca , Lin Chin-Teng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This Perspective offers a concise overview of the current, state-of-the-art, neural sensors for brain-machine interfaces, with particular attention towards brain-controlled robotics. We first describe current approaches, decoding models and associated choice of common paradigms, and their relation to the position and requirements of the neural sensors. While implanted intracortical sensors offer unparalleled spatial, temporal and frequency resolution, the risks related to surgery and post-surgery complications pose a significant barrier to deployment beyond severely disabled individuals. For less critical and larger scale applications, we emphasize the need to further develop dry scalp electroencephalography (EEG) sensors as non-invasive probes with high sensitivity, accuracy, comfort and robustness for prolonged and repeated use. In particular, as many of the employed paradigms require placing EEG sensors in hairy areas of the scalp, ensuring the aforementioned requirements becomes particularly challenging. Nevertheless, neural sensing technologies in this area are accelerating thanks to the advancement of miniaturised technologies and the engineering of novel biocompatible nanomaterials. The development of novel multifunctional nanomaterials is also expected to enable the integration of redundancy by probing the same type of information through different mechanisms for increased accuracy, as well as the integration of complementary and synergetic functions that could range from the monitoring of physiological states to incorporating optical imaging.
Influence of phosphorus-based flame retardants on polypropylene insulation for high-voltage power cable applications
Authors: Kim Do-Kyun , Lee Seong Hwan , Hong Shin-Ki , Ahn Myung Sang , Han Se Won , Lee Dae Ho , Yu Seunggun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For high voltage (HV) power cable applications, various studies have been performed to improve the mechanical and electrical properties of polypropylene (PP)-based insulation materials to replace crosslinked polyethylene. However, studies on the effect of additives to yield additional PP properties are still lacking. Herein, we prepared PP blends by melt-mixing widely used commercial flame retardants for PP with isotactic PP (iPP) and investigated their electrical breakdown, flame retardancy behaviors, and UV stability. Among the five kinds of flame retardants employed, aluminum hypophosphite (AHP), aluminum diethyl phosphinate, melamine pyrophosphate, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and APP treated with silane, AHP was very effective in minimizing the decrease of the direct current breakdown strength of iPP at both 25 °C and 110 °C in the range of 5–20 phr. Particularly, only AHP afforded V-2 grade flame retardancy to iPP, and the flame retardancy was maintained even when the content was reduced to 3 phr. Furthermore, upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays for 5 d, the tensile strength of pristine iPP decreased by approximately 44%, while that of a blend with 3 phr AHP decreased by only 10%. The study results will contribute to the optimization of power cable products through the use of appropriate flame retardants in the design of high-performance PP-based HV insulation materials.
Single layer adder/subtractor using QCA nanotechnology for nanocomputing operations
Authors: Sharma Vijay Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) nanotechnology is a suitable replacement for the widely accepted complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. CMOS technology faces the issues of high-leakage current and non-scalability in the ultra-deep submicron (ultra-DSM) regime. It motivates the researchers to explore new technologies for further advancement of the field. QCA nanotechnology is energy-efficient technology and it overcomes the issues of CMOS technology in ultra-DSM regime. In this paper, a novel 3-input XOR structure is presented using QCA nanotechnology. The full adder and the full subtractor circuits based on the 3-input XOR gate are developed. A circuit for the full adder/subtractor nanostructure is proposed in the paper. All the proposed designs are optimal, fault-tolerant and single-layered. The proposed full adder contains only 21 QCA cells, while 22 QCA cells are required for the proposed full subtractor. The proposed full adder/subtractor structure consists of only 30 QCA cells. The proposed designs are compared with the existing designs for the number of QCA cells, total cell area, total covered area, area utilization, clock latency, QCA layout cost, and crossover requirement. The energy-efficient behaviour of the proposed circuits is calculated using the QCA Designer-E and the QCA Pro tools.
Training-free hyperparameter optimization of neural networks for electronic structures in matter
Authors: Fiedler Lenz , Hoffmann Nils , Mohammed Parvez , Popoola Gabriel A , Yovell Tamar , Oles Vladyslav , Austin Ellis J , Rajamanickam Sivasankaran , Cangi Attila 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A myriad of phenomena in materials science and chemistry rely on quantum-level simulations of the electronic structure in matter. While moving to larger length and time scales has been a pressing issue for decades, such large-scale electronic structure calculations are still challenging despite modern software approaches and advances in high-performance computing. The silver lining in this regard is the use of machine learning to accelerate electronic structure calculations—this line of research has recently gained growing attention. The grand challenge therein is finding a suitable machine-learning model during a process called hyperparameter optimization. This, however, causes a massive computational overhead in addition to that of data generation. We accelerate the construction of neural network models by roughly two orders of magnitude by circumventing excessive training during the hyperparameter optimization phase. We demonstrate our workflow for Kohn–Sham density functional theory, the most popular computational method in materials science and chemistry.
X—Disjunctivism and Cartesian Idealization
Authors: Chirimuuta Mazviita 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the dispute between Burge and McDowell over methodology in the philosophy of perception. Burge (2005, 2011) has argued that the disjunctivism posited by naive perceptual realists is incompatible with the results of current perceptual science, while McDowell (2010, 2013) defends his disjunctivism by claiming an autonomous field of enquiry for perceptual epistemology, one that does not employ the classificatory schemes of the science. Here it is argued that the crucial point at issue in the dispute is Burge’s acceptance, and McDowell’s rejection, of the ‘Cartesian idealization’ of mind as a self-contained system. Burge’s case against disjunctivism rests on the assumption of a clearly demarcated boundary between mind and world, a picture of the mind that McDowell’s philosophy reacts against. This boundary is required for scientific, causal explanations of perceptual processing because it is a simplifying assumption that helps present scientists with a clearly demarcated object of investigation. Concurring with McDowell, I conclude that philosophers need not carve up their objects of investigation in the same way.
Identifying gene expression-based biomarkers in online learning environments
Authors: Cattelani Luca , Fortino Vittorio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMotivationGene expression-based classifiers are often developed using historical data by training a model on a small set of patients and a large set of features. Models trained in such a way can be afterwards applied for predicting the output for new unseen patient data. However, very often the accuracy of these models starts to decrease as soon as new data is fed into the trained model. This problem, known as concept drift, complicates the task of learning efficient biomarkers from data and requires special approaches, different from commonly used data mining techniques.ResultsHere, we propose an online ensemble learning method to continually validate and adjust gene expression-based biomarker panels over increasing volume of data. We also propose a computational solution to the problem of feature drift where gene expression signatures used to train the classifier become less relevant over time. A benchmark study was conducted to classify the breast tumors into known subtypes by using a large-scale transcriptomic dataset (∼3500 patients), which was obtained by combining two datasets: SCAN-B and TCGA-BRCA. Remarkably, the proposed strategy improves the classification performances of gold-standard biomarker panels (e.g. PAM50, OncotypeDX and Endopredict) by adding features that are clinically relevant. Moreover, test results show that newly discovered biomarker models can retain a high classification accuracy rate when changing the source generating the gene expression profiles.Availability and implementationgithub.com/UEFBiomedicalInformaticsLab/OnlineLearningBD.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Gregor Mendel at the source of genetics and systems biology
Authors: Auffray Charles , Noble Denis 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGregor Mendel is generally presented as the ‘ignored and solitary founder of genetics’. This Moravian friar would have worked in strict isolation on the heredity of peas in the garden of his monastery, and his experiments would have been ignored by his contemporaries, before being ‘rediscovered’ independently by three botanists in 1900, 34 years after their publication. Historians have contributed to replace the genesis of Mendel’s work in the context of his time, questioning the mythical image that prevailed in academic circles and the public perception. This paper recalls that Mendel benefitted from a very favourable context for the development of his experiments at St Thomas Monastery in Brno and was not isolated from the scientific community of his time. Although the notions on which his work was based were already present in scientific publications, this does not diminish the importance of Mendel’s contribution to the development of modern biology. We provide a detailed analysis of the results of his experiments on the development of hybrid plants that he presented in two lectures at the Brno Society of Natural History in 1865, demonstrating that beyond his major contribution to the foundation of genetics, Mendel was one of the pioneers of systems biology.
Measurement Uncertainty and Validation for Quantitation of Salbutamol in Human Urine by Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Sahu Puran Lal , Maurya Ashok Kumar , Priyadarshini Subhasmita , Siddiqui Anees Ahmad , Sahu Kapendra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA simple, rapid, sensitive and specific gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) method was developed for quantitation of salbutamol in human urine using salbutamol-d3 as the internal standard. The processing of urines samples includes deconjugation with enzymatic hydrolysis, solid phase extraction procedure utilizing XAD2 column and liquid–liquid extraction accompanied by the derivatization by means of MSTFA/IODO–TMS/DTE mixture. The GC column was a HP Ultra-1 (17 m × 0.22 mm × 0.11 μm) used to separate the peak of interest. The data for GC–MS/MS were acquired and processed utilizing GC Labs Solution and Insight GCMS Software. The detection of spectra was performed on TQ 8050. This method included a chromatographic run of 13.67 min and the linearity was found over the concentration range of 250–2000 ng/mL with a regression coefficient (r2) of 0.99. The coefficient of variation for intra and interday assay precision was between 1.85 and 2.85% and the accuracy was between 95.50 and 107.04% for low quality control (QC), medium QC and high QC. The recovery was adequate to reliable detect the analyte at or below the level recommended by the World Anti-Doping Agency i.e., threshold 1000 ng/mL. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 10 and 100 ng/mL, respectively. The expanded measurement uncertainty (Uexp%) was found to be 8.28%.
Hedging in Non-Traditional Security: The Case of Vietnam’s Disaster Response Cooperation
Authors: Kuik Cheng-Chwee , Tso Chen-Dong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Although much has been written on hedging in traditional security, few studies have focused on hedging in the non-traditional security (NTS) domains. This essay examines NTS hedging through the case of Vietnam’s disaster response cooperation with the USA and with China. “Hedging” is insurance-seeking behaviour, characterised by avoidance of irrevocable commitment, adoption of impartial and inclusive diversification, and the pursuit of prudent contradictions—all aimed at offsetting risks and cultivating a fallback position. We argue that it is Vietnam’s elite-defined strategic considerations and functional needs amid uncertainty that both drive and constrain its hedging approach to disaster management cooperation with the competing powers—China and the USA. While not fully aligning with either power, Vietnam has sought closer cooperation with both, with different objectives in mind: engaging China to maintain a good relationship, while engaging the USA to enhance its capabilities. The net result is cooperation that is symbolic in posture and selective in practice, which serves the substantive purposes of mitigating risks while acquiring concrete gains. In the world of hedging, symbolism is substance.
Patiromer utilization in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease under nephrology care in Germany
Authors: Pecoits-Filho Roberto , McCullough Keith , Muenz Daniel , Quinn Carol Moreno , Budden Jeff , Golden John , de Arellano Antonio Ramirez , Tillmann Frank-Peter , Duttlinger Johannes , Calice-Silva Viviane , Massy Ziad A , Bieber Brian , Robinson Bruce M , Fliser Danilo , Reichel Helmut ,   CKDopps Investigators*, Lopes Antonio , Pecoits-Filho Roberto , Calice da Silva Viviane , Combe Christian , Massy Ziad , Stengel Benedicte , Speyer Elodie , Fliser Danilo , Reichel Helmut , Hoshino Junichi , Yamagata Kunihiro , Pisoni Ron , Robinson Bruce , Sesso Ricardo , Asahi Koichi , Hoshino Junichi , Narita Ichiei , Perlman Rachel , Port Friedrich , Sukul Nidhi , Wong Michelle , Young Eric , Zee Jarcy , McCready-Maynes Jennifer 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Hyperkalemia (HK) is a frequent condition in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Patiromer has recently been introduced as a potassium binder. Data on patiromer use in patients with CKD in the real-world setting in Europe are lacking. We describe time to discontinuation and changes in serum potassium levels among German CKD stage 3–5 patients starting patiromer.

Methods
Duration of patiromer use was estimated by Kaplan–Meier curve, starting at patiromer initiation and censoring for death, dialysis, transplant or loss to follow-up. Serum potassium levels and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitor (RAASi) use are described at baseline and during follow-up, restricted to patients remaining on patiromer.

Results
We identified 140 patiromer users within our analysis sample [81% CKD stage 4/5, 83% receiving RAASi, and median K+ 5.7 (5.4, 6.3) mmol/L]. Thirty percent of patiromer users had prior history of polystyrene sulfonate use. Overall, 95% of patiromer users stayed on treatment past 1 month, with 53% continuing for over a year. Mean serum potassium levels decreased after patiromer initiation and remained stable under treatment during follow-up (up to 180 days). Among these patients, 73%–82% used RAASis during the time periods before and after patiromer initiation, with no obvious trend indicating discontinuation.

Conclusion
Real-world evidence of patiromer use in Germany shows that, in line with what has been observed in clinical trials, patients on patiromer have a reduction in serum potassium when used long-term. Moreover, most patients on patiromer do not discontinue treatment prior to 1 year after initiation.
Urinary Cell-Free DNA in Liquid Biopsy and Cancer Management
Authors: Salfer Blake , Li Feng , Wong David T W , Zhang Liying 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The current methodology used to detect, diagnose, and monitor many types of cancers requires invasive tissue biopsy testing. Recently, liquid biopsy using blood, plasma, urine, saliva, and various other bodily fluids has shown utility to solve many issues associated with tissue biopsy. Blood/plasma has received most of the attention within the liquid biopsy field, however, obtaining blood samples from patients is still somewhat invasive and requires trained professionals. Using urine to detect cell-free DNA cancer biomarkers offers a truly non-invasive sampling method that can be easily and reproducibly conducted by patients.

Content
Novel technologies and approaches have made the detection of small quantities of cell-free tumor DNA of varying lengths possible. Recent studies using urine circulating tumor DNA to detect cancer mutations and other biomarkers have shown sensitivity comparable to blood/plasma cell-free DNA liquid biopsy for many cancer types. Thus, urine cell-free DNA liquid biopsy may replace or provide supplementary information to tissue/blood biopsies. Further investigation with larger patient cohorts and standardization of pre-analytical factors is necessary to determine the utility of urine cell-free DNA liquid biopsy for cancer detection, diagnosis, and monitoring in a clinical setting.

Summary
In this mini-review we discuss the biological aspects of cell-free DNA in urine, numerous studies using urine cell-free DNA to detect urological cancers, and recent studies using urine cell-free DNA to detect and monitor non-urological cancers including lung, breast, colorectal, and other cancers.
Addressing global disparities in blood pressure control: perspectives of the International Society of Hypertension
Authors: Schutte Aletta E , Jafar Tazeen H , Poulter Neil R , Damasceno Albertino , Khan Nadia A , Nilsson Peter M , Alsaid Jafar , Neupane Dinesh , Kario Kazuomi , Beheiry Hind , Brouwers Sofie , Burger Dylan , Charchar Fadi J , Cho Myeong-Chan , Guzik Tomasz J , Haji Al-Saedi Ghazi F , Ishaq Muhammad , Itoh Hiroshi , Jones Erika S W , Khan Taskeen , Kokubo Yoshihiro , Kotruchin Praew , Muxfeldt Elizabeth , Odili Augustine , Patil Mansi , Ralapanawa Udaya , Romero Cesar A , Schlaich Markus P , Shehab Abdulla , Mooi Ching Siew , Steckelings U Muscha , Stergiou George , Touyz Rhian M , Unger Thomas , Wainford Richard D , Wang Ji-Guang , Williams Bryan , Wynne Brandi M , Tomaszewski Maciej 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRaised blood pressure (BP) is the leading cause of preventable death in the world. Yet, its global prevalence is increasing, and it remains poorly detected, treated, and controlled in both high- and low-resource settings. From the perspective of members of the International Society of Hypertension based in all regions, we reflect on the past, present, and future of hypertension care, highlighting key challenges and opportunities, which are often region-specific. We report that most countries failed to show sufficient improvements in BP control rates over the past three decades, with greater improvements mainly seen in some high-income countries, also reflected in substantial reductions in the burden of cardiovascular disease and deaths. Globally, there are significant inequities and disparities based on resources, sociodemographic environment, and race with subsequent disproportionate hypertension-related outcomes. Additional unique challenges in specific regions include conflict, wars, migration, unemployment, rapid urbanization, extremely limited funding, pollution, COVID-19-related restrictions and inequalities, obesity, and excessive salt and alcohol intake. Immediate action is needed to address suboptimal hypertension care and related disparities on a global scale. We propose a Global Hypertension Care Taskforce including multiple stakeholders and societies to identify and implement actions in reducing inequities, addressing social, commercial, and environmental determinants, and strengthening health systems implement a well-designed customized quality-of-care improvement framework.