bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local diagnostic reference levels in diagnostic and therapeutic pediatric cardiology at a specialist pediatric hospital in South Africa
Authors: Mbewe Jonathan , Mjenxane Thembisa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Children may be at a higher risk of experiencing the detrimental effects of ionizing radiation arising from medical radiation imaging. Dose optimisation is therefore recommended to provide assurance that their exposure is as low as reasonably achievable. To this end, periodic assessment of dose levels and establishment of Local Diagnostic Reference Levels (LDRLs) in medical facilities is necessary. There is a general paucity in the literature of data pertaining to dose levels in pediatric interventional radiology. This study establishes LDRLs in diagnostic and therapeutic heart catheterization procedures at a specialist pediatric hospital in a resource constrained country.

Material and methods: Dose indicators from actual patient procedures were collected from the archive and analyzed retrospectively to determine the median, 25th, and 75th percentiles of the total Air Kerma Area Product (KAP), Cumulative Air Kerma (CAK), total Fluoroscopy Time (FT), and a total number of Cine Images (CI) of selected interventional procedures. The dose indicators were also age-stratified into five age groups defined by the International Commission on Radiation Protection publication 135. The results were compared to values available from similar studies in the literature to benchmark our dose levels. Local Dose Reference Levels were set as the 75th percentile values.

Results: For diagnostic procedures (n = 80), the 75th percentiles of KAP, CAK, FT, and CI were 4.0 Gy·cm2, 31.5 mGy, 14.3 min, and 315 frames, respectively and 3.2 Gy·cm2, 30.5 mGy, 17.5 min, and 606 frames, respectively for therapeutic procedures (n = 143).

Conclusions: The LDRLs from this study did not vary significantly from those published in the literature, suggesting that practices at our center were comparable to international norms. Regular reviews of the LDRLs must be conducted to check that the dose levels do not deviate considerably.
Emissions and Efficiency Limits of Small-Scale Biomass Heating Systems: Regulations, Standards, and Ecolabels
Authors: Priedniece Vivita , Kirsanovs Vladimirs , Freimanis Ritvars , Veidenbergs Ivars , Blumberga Dagnija 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The household sector has a significant role in the consumption of energy resources and related emissions. The household sector is responsible for around 1/3 of the total energy resource consumption in Latvia. This study aims to determine the level of control measures regarding household boilers by summarising the existing information on legislation and quality labels regulating the efficiency and emissions of household boilers in the EU. The focus is on PM emissions and small-scale heating system regulations in Latvia. The study shows that small-scale biomass heating systems lack proper control measures to limit created emissions. The situation regarding PM emissions is the worst in Latvia, in comparison to the EU and 8 other studied countries.
Hydronic Road-Heating Systems: Environmental Performance and the Case of Ingolstadt Ramps
Authors: Ahmed Arslan , Conti Fosca , Bayer Peter , Goldbrunner Markus 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Snowfall and ice formation on road surface significantly impact the safety of driving conditions. To resolve this, every year salt and de-icing chemicals are sprinkled on roads. However, use of salts and snow ploughing have environmental as well as economical disadvantages. To resolve these problems, hydronic road heating systems are valid alternatives. Heat transfer fluid, i.e. mixture of ethanol and water, is pumped into a tubular circulation system under the asphalt. By this technology, the road and pavements shall stay ice-free even in times of snowfall and temperatures below the freezing point. The system can also be used to cool the asphalt in case of extreme heat, which – besides the heating effect – could also prevent road from damages in extreme summers. This study aims to compare the environmental impact of use of salts and road-heating system in terms of GHG emissions. To assess the environmental impact, an operational road heating system for a ramp in Ingolstadt, Germany, is considered. A cradle-to-grave analysis technique is used to determine the environmental effects based on a life-cycle assessment (LCA) framework. The analysis includes nine components solemnly responsible for hydronic heating of asphalt surface such as local heating pipe, insulation, pumps, and heat meters. Comparison is performed in terms of relative and total impact over 50-year lifetime of three heated ramps having 1989 m2 surface area in total. The results show that the asphalt and heating-circuit causes the major fraction (65 %) of overall GHG emissions, with total life-time emissions of 28.10 kg CO2 eq./m2 of heated surface. During an operational life of 50 years, road heating systems emit 18 % less CO2 eq./m2 as compared to the use of salts.
The Relationship Between Job Stress, Personality Traits and the Emotional Intelligence of Midwives Working in Health Centers of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences in 2017
Authors: Kheirkhah Masoomeh ,   Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing Care Research Center (NCRC), Nursing and Midwifery School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,   Masoomeh Kheirkhah, Faculty Member, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing Care Research Center (NCRC), Nursing and Midwifery School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel.: 00989124787691; E-mail: Kheirkhah.m@iums.ac.ir, Shayegan Farzaneh ,   Department of Nursing and Midwifery, International campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Haghani Hamid ,   Department of Biostatistics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Jafar Jalal Ezzat ,   Department of Nursing Management, Nursing Care Research Center (NCRC), Nursing and Midwifery School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Objective
Job stress is one of the major threats to health and it is associated with many diseases and family problems. Midwives experience high job stress due to the management of delivery emergencies. Personality traits and emotional intelligence can be helpful in confronting environmental pressures and selecting the strategy of coping with useful stress. Thus, the current research was conducted to evaluate the relationship between job stress, personality traits and emotional intelligence in midwives of Lorestan health care centers.

Methodology
This research was a cross-sectional and correlational study. Midwives working in all cities of the Lorestan province were randomly selected and they completed the job stress, emotional intelligence and personality traits questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software and a significance level of p <0.05 was considered.

Results
The results of the research showed that mean and standard deviation of job stress, emotional intelligence and personality trait midwives were 94.36 ± 12.98, 11.87 ± 14.30, and 135.51 ± 15.73 respectively. The results showed a negative relationship between intelligence and job stress (r= –0/274, p=0.0001) and no significant relationship was found between personality traits and job stress (r = –0.288, p=0.079).

Conclusion
A negative correlation was found between emotional intelligence and job stress, so emotional intelligence can reduce midwives’ workplace stress.
The Effect of Training Methods on Vertical Thinking for Students of The Department of Physics Through an Independent Curriculum or Activities Integrated with The Courses
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed Mohib Aldeen 
Published: November 2022

The research aims at using different methods (styles) to measure the level of vertical thinking for the students of the department of Physics in two colleges (Education for Pure Sciences and Science).The current research community was determined by the students of the third stage for ( two departments of physics) in college of education for pure sciences and college of science, for the academic year (2018- 2019) and they were (185) students, and they adopted (48)% to represent the research sample randomly and thus the research sample consisted of two experimental groups: first , the students of the College of Education for Pure Sciences and they are (41) students and the second they are (33) students of the College of Science. The researcher also prepared (35) paragraph in the form of event or question requires a solution, and the researcher was keen to formulate events in an easy language appropriate to their age, and presented the test paragraphs to a group of experts specializing in psychology and methods of teaching science, and obtained the approval of experts by (80%) , and thus achieved the external validity of the test and the researcher achieved logical validity. After verifying the hypothesis of the research procedurally, the results showed that the students of the physics department of the college of science exceeded on the physics department of the college of education for pure science.The study also recommended the establishment of training courses for teachers of physics on the development of thinking skills and looking to modern methods of teaching and suggested titles for future researches.
Protocol-Based Congestion Management for Advanced Air Mobility
Authors: Chin Christopher , Gopalakrishnan Karthik , Balakrishnan Hamsa , Egorov Maxim , Evans Antony 
Published: November 2022

Advanced air mobility operations are expected to significantly increase the demand for limited airspace resources. Two key features distinguish advanced air mobility operations from commercial aviation. First, unlike commercial aviation, where flight schedules are set months in advance, advanced air mobility demand is dynamic (i.e., flights are planned with a much shorter lead-time). Thus, operators benefit from planning in shorter time horizons and can confidently share their desired flight trajectories only for the near future. In addition, operators may be unwilling to share estimates of the full trajectory, for competitive reasons. The second key feature is the large-scale of operations. Thus, a centralized optimization approach may not scale to meet the expected levels of demand, and it offers no redundancy against communication failures. In this paper, we address these challenges by designing a protocol that determines the “rules-of-the-road” for airspace access. Our protocol centers on the construction of priority queues to determine access to each congested volume of airspace. We leverage the concepts of backpressure (measure of queue buildup) and cycle detection (vehicles that block each other from proceeding) to promote efficiency, and present several flight- and operator-level prioritization schemes. In the absence of actual demand data, we study three scenarios: random origin–destination missions, crossflow traffic patterns, and simulated hub-based package delivery operations. We evaluate our protocols on two performance measures: efficiency (i.e., magnitudes of delays) and fairness (i.e., equitable distribution of delay across flights and operators).
Formulation and Evaluation of Ketoconazole Microsponge Topical Gel
Authors: Joshna Booravilli  , Janaki Devi Sirisolla  , Shivani Saluru  
Published: November 2022

Microsponges are those drug delivery systems which are intended in a way to deliver a minimum dose of the drug or pharmaceutically active ingredient to increase the stability of formulation, to alter drug release profile. Ketoconazole is an imidazole anti-fungal agent belonging to BCS class II. The main objective of this research work is to formulate and evaluate ketoconazole microsponge for topical delivery by using various polymers such eudragit S-100, eudragit L-100 in four ratios 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 by quasi emulsion method. The formulations prepared were labelled based on the ratios as ES 2. ES 3, ES 4, ES 5 for eudragit S-100 and EL 2, EL 3, EL 4, EL 5 for eudragit L-100. Evaluation tests like entrapment efficiency, production yield, drug content was performed and formulation of eudragit L-100 (EL 5) and eudragit S-100 (ES 5) showed better results. ES 5 and EL 5 formulations were optimized and tests like in vitro dissolution studies were conducted which showed that the formulation ES 5 showed released upto 8 hours and can be used in the formulation of gel. The gel (GES5) was prepared by usingmicrosponges containing the drug ketoconazole equivalent to 1 % w/w and was incorporated into the gel base made up of Carbopol 934. The microsponges were sieved and were dispersed in Carbopol gel. Evaluation tests like pH measurement, visual inspection, spreadability studies, drug content and in vitro diffusion studies. This method of formulating microsponges has improved drug delivery therefore helping in the enhancement of the bioavailability of the drug and also acts as an efficient carrier through the skin.
STRATEGI PONDOK PESANTREN AS-SALAM TURIDE KOTA MATARAM DALAM PENINGKATAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DI BIDANG KEAGAMAAN
Authors: Almayani Siti , Amrulloh Zaenudin 
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the strategy of As-Salam Turide Islamic Boarding School Lendang Lekong in increasing community participation in the religious activity. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research by conducting field research. Sources of data obtained primary and secondary. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative analysis. Through the research conducted, it was found that the strategy of the As-Salaam Turide Lendang Lekong Islamic Boarding School in increasing community participation starting from the majlis taklim activity, the community was very enthusiastic about participating in the recitation held every Saturday. This activity was attended by children, parents and fathers. The activity of praying in congregation is a pillar of the Islamic religion that must always be maintained. Prayers are not only for students but also for children, and the people of this village who participate in congregational prayers. The activity of reading the Al-Quran in congregation has a good impact on the Lendang Lekong environment
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN JUS TOMAT (LYCOPERSICUM COMMUNE) TERHADAP HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA PADA LANSIA LAKI-LAKI DENGAN HIPERTENSI 2021
Authors: Herlina MP Andika , Novia Vino Rika , Ibrahim Ibrahim 
Published: November 2022

Data dari Sample Registration System (SRS) Indonesia tahun 2014, terdapat 5,3% kasus hipertensi dengan komplikasi yang termasuk kedalam sepuluh penyakit terbanyak yang diderita penduduk Indonesia. Berdasarkan profil kesehatan Dinas Kesehatan Kota (DKK) Padang tahun 2018, hipertensi merupakan penyakit kedua terbanyak di Kota Padang pada tahun 2017. Puskesmas Andalas merupakan puskesmas dengan kasus hipertensi tertinggi di Kota Padang dengan jumlah 2.028 kasus (10,74%). Tujuan npenelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jus tomat terhadap hiperkolesterolemia pada lansia Laki-laki dengan hipertensi.Jenis penelitian adalah Quasy Eksperiment (eksperimen semu) dengan design one Group Pre test dan post test Design. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Andalas kota Padang pada tanggal 22 september -29 September 2021. Populasi pada penelitian ini seluruh Lansia Laki-laki yang yang rutin melakukan pemeriksaan rutin setiap bulanan sebanyak 120 orang. sampel 20 responden, semuanya adalah kelompok hipertensi. Dan teknik pengambilan sampel Purposive Sampling. Analisa data dilakukan analisa univariat yang bertujuan untuk mencari rata-rata (mean) dan analisa bivariat dengan uji independent sampel t testHasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata kadar kolesterol responden sebelum diberikan jus tomat (lycopersicumme commune) adalah 260,87, rata-rata kadar kolesterol responden setelah diberikan jus tomat (lycopersicumme commune) adalah 205,64. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh pemberian jus tomat (lycopersicumme commune) terhadap kadar kolesterol, p-value = 0,000 (p<0,05).Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh pemberian jus tomat (lycopersicumme commune) terhadap hiperkolesterolemia pada Lansia laki-laki dengan hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Andalas Kota Padang Tahun 2021. Diharapkan petugas yang memegang program penyuluhan kesehatan dapat emberikan edukasi dan diaplikasikan sebagai bentuk terapi non farmakologi yaitu berupa jus tomat yang dapat dikonsumsikan sebagai salah satu alternative pengobatan kadar kolesterol yang tinggi.Kata Kunci : Jus Tomat , Hiperkolesterolemia, Lansia, Laki-Laki, Hipertensi
PERBEDAAN KADAR UREUM SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH HEMODIALISA PADA PENDERITA GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK
Authors: Syuryani Nurva , Arman Eliza , Putri Gusliani Eka 
Published: November 2022

Gangguan fungsi ginjal yang menyebabkan ginjal hanya berfungsi 5% atau kurang harus segera ditangani baik dengan terapi HD atau transplantasi ginjal. Hemodialisis merupakan suatu terapi pengganti fungsi ginjal dengan tehnik dialisis atau filtrasi untuk mengeliminasi sisa-sisa produk metabolisme (protein), koreksi gangguan keseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit antara kompartemen darah dan dialisat melalui selaput membran semi permiabel yang berperan sebagai ginjal buatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar ureum sebelum dan sesudah hemodialisa pada penderita gagal ginjal kronik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional, dengan jumlah sampel 44 orang, yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari 2021. Analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan SPSS dengan uji paired sample t test. Pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik sebelum hemodialisa dengan skor minimum 54 dan skor maksimum 203,7 dengan jumlah sampel 44 orang didapatkan nilai mean 109,7. Pada pasien gagal ginjal kornik sesudah hemodialisa dengan skor minimum 13,7 dan skor maksimum 90,7 dengan jumlah sampel 44 orang didapatkan nilai mean 31,4. Hasil penelitian dengan uji paired sample t test bahwa terdapat perbedaan perbandingan kadar ureum pre dan post hemodialisa di RS Ahmad Mokhtar Bukit Tinggi tahun 2021 dengan nilai p= 0,000. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap perubahan kadar ureum sebelum dan sesudah cuci darah. Diharapkan bagi profesi keperawatan untuk dapat mengaplikasikan memberikan arahan kepada pasien gagal ginjal kronik agar dapat melakukan cuci darah yang teratur.Kata kunci : Kadar Ureum Sebelum dan Sesudah hemodialiasa
FENOMENA PASUNG TERHADAP ORANG DENGAN GANGGUAN JIWA (ODGJ)
Authors: Pratiwi Astari Laras 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Shackling is an action that limits the movement and activities of people with mental disorders. Pasung occurs a lot in developing countries, including Indonesia. Pasung is a regressive act of the basic rights of persons with physical or mental disabilities. Methods: The research method used is literature review, namely literature collected from various sources such as books, scientific articles, and journals related to the phenomenon of pasung in patients with mental disorders. Result: Deprivation is an act of restricting the movement of a person who has impaired mental function and behavior by means of physical restraint for an indefinite period of time which causes limited fulfillment of the basic needs of a decent life, including health, education, and work for that person. Deprivation of people with mental disorders (ODGJ) is still common in Indonesia. Pasung that is carried out has an impact, both on the physical, psychological, and social aspects. Conclusion: Currently, shackling continues to occur in the country when in fact Indonesia has banned the practice of shackling since 1977.Keywords: Mental Health, Pasung, People with Mental Disorders
PENDEKATAN DIAGNOSIS NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH PADA PETANI
Authors: Krisna Murti Jyoti 
Published: November 2022

Pendahuluan: Nyeri punggung bawah menjadi penyebab kecatatan nomor satu secara global. Petani berisiko terjadi nyeri muskuloskeletal terutama nyeri punggung bawah. Hal ini karena pekerjaan pertanian terdiri dari aktifitas fisik yang berat dan tingkat kerja manual yang tinggi seperti mengangkat dan membawa beban berat. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review, yaitu literatur yang dikumpulkan dari beragam sumber yang terkait dengan pendekatan diagnosis nyeri punggung bawah pada petani. Hasil: Nyeri punggung bawah adalah gejala bukan penyakit dan dapat disebabkan oleh kondisi yang berbeda baik yang diketahui penyebabnya maupun tidak diketahui. Nyeri punggung bawah jarang terjadi pada dekade pertama kehidupan. Laki-laki lebih sering daripada perempuan. Diagnosis ditegakkan melalui anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik. Anamnesis dapat ditemukan keluhan utama berupa pegal-pegal atau nyeri lokal pada pinggang. Pada kasus cukup berat dapat menjalar ke tungkai atau muncul rasa baal pada punggung bawah. Pemeriksaan fisik dilakukan dengan inspeksi, gerakan, dan palpasi. Kesimpulan: Petani berisiko untuk terjadi nyeri muskuloskeletal terutama nyeri punggung bawah. Hal ini disebabkan karena postur kerja yang tidak baik sehingga menghasilkan beban pada tulang belakang lumbar yang menyebabkan fraktur mikto pada tulang belakang. Penegakkan diagnosis nyeri punggung bawah pada petani perlu dilakukan dengan baik agar tidak menimbulkan morbiditas dan dapat meningkatkan produktifitas kerja petani.Kata Kunci: Nyeri Punggung Bawah, Petani
FAKTOR RESIKO TERJADINYA LESI PRAKANKER SERVIKS MELALUI DETEKSI DINI DENGAN METODE IVA (INSPEKSI VISUAL DENGAN ASAM ASETAT)
Authors: Reza Tia , Friadi Andi 
Published: November 2022

Kanker leher rahim merupakan masalah kesehatan yang penting bagi wanita. Angka kejadian kanker cerviks terus terjadi peningkatan dari waktu ke waktu. Kanker ini dialami oleh lebih dari 1,4 juta wanita di seluruh dunia. Setiap tahun, lebih dari 460.000 kasus terjadi dan sekitar 231.000 orang meninggal karena penyakit ini. Di Indonesia, berdasarkan data riset kesehatan dasar (riskesdas) tahun 2013, prevalensi tumor/kanker di Indonesia adalah 1,4 per 1000 penduduk. Kanker tertinggi di Indonesia adalah kanker payudara dan kanker leher rahim. Kanker payudara dan kanker leher rahim merupakan jenis kanker tertinggi pada pasien rawat inap maupun rawat jalan di seluruh RS di Indonesia, dengan jumlah pasien sebanyak 12.014 orang (28,7%) untuk kanker payudara, dan kanker leher rahim 5.349 orang (12,8%). Sehingga diperlukan pemeriksaan kanker leher rahim dengan metode IVA yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi kanker secara dini. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hasil skrining IVA pada perempuan khususnya wanita usia subur yang sudah menikah di Sumatera Barat khususnya di Bukittinggi, Agam, Payakumbuh, dan Pariaman. Desain penelitian ini adalah crosssectional deskriptif analitik. Variabel penelitian ini adalah skrining metode Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA) pada wanita yang telah menikah dan umur di atas 25 tahun. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh wanita usia subur yang melakukan pemeriksaan IVA di 4 wilayah tadi. Sampel yang diambil untuk 4 daerah tadi dengan cara total sampling sebanyak 414 responden. Data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan lembar observasi data sekunder dan disajikan dalam tabel distribusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar kategori IVA (+) sebanyak 48 orang dan IVA (-) sebanyak 366 orang. Skrining menunjukkan sebagian responden dengan kategori IVA (+) dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor resiko dari usia, menarch < 12 tahun, usia pertama berhubungan seksual < 17 tahun, sering keputihan, merokok, terpapar asap rokok> 1 jam sehari, sering konsumsi buah dan sayur, makanan berlemak dan berpengawet, kurang aktifitas fisisk, pernah papsmear, sering berganti pasangan, riwayat keluarga kanker, kehamilan pertama > 35 tahun, pernah menyusui, menikah > 1 kali, pemakian KB, paritas, menopause, dan obesitas. Kata Kunci: Deteksi Dini; Faktor Resiko; Inspeksi Visual Asam Astetat (IVA); Skrining