bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological Changes of Medial Epicondyle‐Olecranon Ligament and Ulnar Nerve in the Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: An Ultrasonic Study
Authors: Duan Xiao‐yuan , Xu Bin , Ma Jian‐xiong , Gong Ke‐tong , Yuan Yu , Gao Jin‐mei , Ma Xin‐long 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveFew studies have performed detailed ultrasound measurements of medial epicondyle‐olecranon (MEO) ligament that cause the entrapment of ulnar nerve. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate dynamic ultrasonographic characteristics of MEO ligament and ulnar nerve for clinical diagnosis and accurate treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS).MethodsThirty CuTS patients (CuTS group) and sixteen healthy volunteers (control group) who underwent ultrasound scanning from October 2016 to October 2020 were retrospectively collected, with 30 elbows in each group. Primary outcomes were thickness at six points, length and width of MEO ligament. Secondary outcomes were thickness of ulnar nerve under MEO ligament at seven parts and the cross‐sectional area (CSA) of ulnar nerve at proximal end of MEO ligament (P0 mm). The thickness of MEO ligament and ulnar nerve in different points of each group was compared by one‐way ANOVA analysis with Bonferroni post hoc test, other outcomes were compared between two elbow positions or two groups using independent‐samples t test.ResultsThickness of MEO ligament in CuTS group at epicondyle end, midpoint in transverse view, olecranon end, proximal end, midpoint in axial view, and distal end was 0.67 ± 0.31, 0.37 ± 0.18, 0.89 ± 0.35, 0.39 ± 0.21, 0.51 ± 0.38, 0.36 ± 0.25 at elbow extension, 0.68 ± 0.34, 0.38 ± 0.27, 0.77 ± 0.39, 0.32 ± 0.20, 0.48 ± 0.22, 0.32 ± 0.12 (mm) at elbow flexion, respectively. Compared with control group, they were significantly thickened except for proximal end at elbow flexion. MEO ligament thickness at epicondyle end and olecranon end was significantly larger than midpoint in two groups. No significant difference was found in length and width of MEO ligament among different comparisons. Ulnar nerve thickness at 5 mm proximal to MEO ligament (P5 mm, 3.25 ± 0.66 mm) was significantly increased than midpoint of MEO ligament (Mid), distal end of MEO ligament (D0 mm), 5 mm (D5 mm), 10 mm (D10 mm) distal to MEO ligament at extension in CuTS group. Compared with control group, ulnar nerve thickness at P5 mm in CuTS group was significantly increased at extension position, at D5 mm and D10 mm was significantly decreased at flexion position. CSA of ulnar nerve at extension position (14.44 ± 4.65 mm2) was significantly larger than flexion position (11.83 ± 3.66 mm2) in CuTS group, and CuTS group was significantly larger than control group at two positions.ConclusionsMEO ligament in CuTS patients was thickened, which compressed ulnar nerve and caused its proximal end swelling. Ultrasonic image of MEO ligament thickness was a significant indicator for CuTS and can guide surgeons in selecting the appropriate treatment.
Endocardial ablation at the mitral valve vestibule and its surroundings for the treatment of arrhythmias linked to the greater cardiac vasculature
Authors: Nageh Maged F. , Tang Stephen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe role of the epicardial vasculature in supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias was described in clinical studies as well as its treatment by intravascular point ablation or alcohol injection. We report on a case series of patients with different arrhythmias linked to an epicardial site of origin with evidence supporting transmural extensions that were targeted for ablation with successful outcomes.MethodsThe records of patients who has catheter ablation for Supraventricular or Ventricular arrhythmias between 2015 and 2020 was searched for patients with (1) arrhythmias linked to the epicardial vasculature and (2) findings to support an endocardial connection to the epicardial vasculature by activation mapping, pace mapping, or differential pacing, and (3) were successfully ablated via an endocardial approach only.ResultsFrom the data searched, we identified five patients with the following arrhythmias left ventricular summit ectopy, peri‐mitral atrial flutter, preexcitation with inducible atrioventricular reentry tachycardia (AVRT), and a concealed left side accessory pathway with inducible AVRT that were linked to the following vessels: Great Cardiac vein, persistent left superior vena cava, left coronary cusp, and left ventricular outflow tract. Endocardial connections were supported by a combination of electro anatomical activation mapping, pace‐mapping, and differential pacing. Endocardial ablations performed in all patients were successful without complications.ConclusionThis report highlights a subset of patients with arrhythmias linked to the greater cardiac vascular system that can be safely and effectively ablated endocardially, given the limitations and possible complications of epicardial ablation within or in the proximity of the epicardial vasculature.
Affectionate communication, health, and relationships
Authors: Floyd Kory , Debrot Anik , Horan Sean M. , Hesse Colin , Woo Nathan T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA robust body of research attests to the mental and physical health correlates and consequences of affectionate communication. Like much research on personal relationships, however, this work may overrepresent certain portions of the population, may underrepresent others, and may not effectively account for intersections of identities. We define intersectionality as comprising the unique effects of two or more social identities interacting with each other. To assess this literature with an eye toward intersectionality and representation, the present article reports a systematic review of 86 individual empirical studies representing 26,013 participants. The review concludes that there is no explicit or implicit attention to intersectionality in the existing research on affectionate communication and health, and that U.S. Americans, women, younger individuals, white individuals, and students are overrepresented in research samples. The review ends with future directions to encourage more inclusive research on this topic.
Perception‐action integration during inhibitory control is reflected in a concomitant multi‐region processing of specific codes in the neurophysiological signal
Authors: Gholamipourbarogh Negin , Prochnow Astrid , Frings Christian , Münchau Alexander , Mückschel Moritz , Beste Christian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe integration of perception and action has long been studied in psychological science using overarching cognitive frameworks. Despite these being very successful in explaining perception‐action integration, little is known about its neurophysiological and especially the functional neuroanatomical foundations. It is unknown whether distinct brain structures are simultaneously involved in the processing of perception‐action integration codes and also to what extent demands on perception‐action integration modulate activities in these structures. We investigate these questions in an EEG study integrating temporal and ICA‐based EEG signal decomposition with source localization. For this purpose, we used data from 32 healthy participants who performed a ‘TEC Go/Nogo’ task. We show that the EEG signal can be decomposed into components carrying different informational aspects or processing codes relevant for perception‐action integration. Importantly, these specific codes are processed independently in different brain structures, and their specific roles during the processing of perception‐action integration differ. Some regions (i.e., the anterior cingulate and insular cortex) take a ‘default role’ because these are not modulated in their activity by demands or the complexity of event file coding processes. In contrast, regions in the motor cortex, middle frontal, temporal, and superior parietal cortices were not activated by ‘default’ but revealed modulations depending on the complexity of perception‐action integration (i.e., whether an event file has to be reconfigured). Perception‐action integration thus reflects a multi‐region processing of specific fractions of information in the neurophysiological signal. This needs to be taken into account when further developing a cognitive science framework detailing perception‐action integration.
‘You have to keep it going’: Relational values and social sustainability in upland agriculture
Authors: McCarthy Jack , Meredith David , Bonnin Christine 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA transition to a more sustainable food production system in Europe has significant implications for the social constitution of rural spaces. Moreover, research has highlighted that engagement with sustainability initiatives can be affected by people's desire to maintain aspects of their current social realities pertaining to occupations, traditions and lifestyles. Farmers are central to a sustainable agricultural transition, yet are also socially embedded in the spaces that are targeted for transformation. This article engages with this dilemma through an exploration of farmer values in an upland farming area in Ireland. Specifically, we draw on qualitative case‐study data to explore how farmers value their occupation, lifestyles and social structures in terms of the relationships in which they operate. We highlight a range of dimensions through which case‐study farmers value farming—especially as autonomous, outdoor work—in terms of tacit skills and knowledge, familial legacies and certain forms of social organisation. Conceptually, this article builds on calls from within social sustainability scholarship to engage with social aspects of sustainable development. We develop and deploy a relational values analytic framework, which offers a simple yet effective lens for exploring farmer values in terms of the relationships through which they are generated and articulated. Through this framework, we explore how different individuals value their farming occupations and lifestyles. Moreover, by focusing on the relational dimension, we tease out the multiple and sometimes conflicting values that individuals navigate in relation to their farming occupations. We conclude that this kind of approach could enhance understanding of farmer engagement with (or resistance to) sustainable agriculture initiatives.
Improving causal inference of mediation analysis with multiple mediators using interventional indirect effects
Authors: Loh Wen Wei , Ren Dongning 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMediation analysis is indispensable for investigating how a treatment causally affects an outcome via intervening variables. Existing discussions on the validity of causal inference drawn from mediation analysis have prioritized single mediator settings. In this article, we focus on improving causal inference when investigating multiple mediators. We pay particular attention to the prevalent practice of exploring mediated effects along various paths linking several mediators. Such approaches are fraught with stringent—yet often overlooked—causal assumptions that predicate valid inference of indirect or mediated effects. To mitigate the risk of incorrect inference, we introduce a conceptually and substantively novel approach from the causal inference literature: interventional indirect effects. Interventional indirect effects focus on the contributions of each distinct mediator to the treatment effect on the outcome. An appealing feature of this approach is that valid causal inference of mediation analysis with multiple mediators can be attained without assuming a (correct) causal structure among the mediators. Using a social psychology experiment as a running example, we illustrate how researchers can readily estimate and interpret the proposed interventional effects in practice. We hope this article will encourage explaining and substantiating the causal assumptions underpinning mediation analysis with multiple mediators to fortify causal inference in psychology research.
Prospective evaluation of the prevalence of conjunctival and intraocular bacteria in dogs undergoing phacoemulsification following a standardized aseptic preparation with 0.5% povidone iodine
Authors: Coall Sarah M. , Groth Allyson D. , White Joanna , Crowe Yvette C. , Billson Francis M. , Premont Johana E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate bacterial contamination of conjunctiva and aqueous humor in dogs undergoing phacoemulsification following asepsis with 0.5% povidone iodine and determine the influence of intravenous antibiotics on outcome of contamination.MethodsClient‐owned dogs were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to a control group, receiving 22 mg/kg intravenous cefazolin at induction prior to sampling, or experimental group receiving no antibiotic prior to sampling, masked to the surgeon. Dogs receiving antimicrobials in the pre‐operative period were excluded. Asepsis was performed on all operated eyes using 0.5% iodine with minimum 3 min contact time at induction of anesthesia and repeated before surgery. A conjunctival swab and aqueous humor sample were collected prior to incision and following incision closure, respectively. Samples were submitted for aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture and susceptibility.ResultsSeventy‐one eyes of 42 dogs were included. Median age was 9 years. Thirty‐nine and 32/71 eyes received intravenous cefazolin and no antibiotic, respectively. Median procedure time was 40 min per eye. Conjunctival cultures were positive in 6 eyes (8.5%):Serratia marcescens(5 eyes) andCutibacterium acnes(1 eye). Aqueous humor cultures were positive in 5 eyes (7.0%):S. marcescens(2 eyes),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(2 eyes),Staphylococcus pseudointermedius(1 eye). Prevalence of positive culture did not differ between groups (p = .74), order of eyes for bilateral procedures (p = .74) and diabetic status (p = 1).ConclusionsBacterial contamination of the conjunctiva and aqueous humor was present in 8.5% and 7.0% of dogs undergoing phacoemulsification after asepsis. Lack of IV cefazolin was not significantly associated with positive culture.
Health literacy and self-management in people with coronary heart disease: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Mares Maria A. , Maneze Della , Elmir Rakime , Salamonson Yenna , Everett Bronwyn 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of the review is to assess the association between health literacy levels and self-management behaviors in people with coronary heart disease.

Introduction:
Initiating and maintaining self-management behaviors following a coronary event can be challenging. The capacity to initiate behavioral changes requires adequate health literacy, which is the ability to understand and use health care information to make appropriate health decisions.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies including individuals at any age who have been diagnosed with coronary heart disease. Studies that used a standardized measure of health literacy with the primary outcome of self-management behaviors or an element of self-management (eg, medication adherence) will be considered for inclusion.

Methods:
The review will be conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Databases to be searched include CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, APA PsycINFO, Cochrane, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey. This will be followed by a forward and backward search of relevant articles. Cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, and mixed methods studies (quantitative component only) will be included. Studies will be screened by 2 independent reviewers and undergo a critical appraisal process. Included studies will be assessed for methodological quality, and data will be extracted using a JBI data extraction tool in the JBI System for the Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information. The results will be presented as a narrative synthesis and, where possible, a meta-analysis will be conducted. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach will be used to assess the certainty of evidence.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42021257407
Knowledge, skills, attitudes, beliefs, and implementation of evidence-based practice among nurses in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Adombire Stephen , Puts Martine , Puchalski Ritchie Lisa M. , Ani-Amponsah Mary , Cranley Lisa 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to identify and map the evidence reporting the knowledge, skills, attitudes, beliefs, and implementation of evidence-based practice among nurses in low- and middle-income countries.

Introduction:
Evidence-based practice aims to improve health care quality, safety, and health system efficiency. Numerous research studies have explored nurses’ engagement in evidence-based practice in high-income countries. Developing nations have recently joined the evidence-based practice movement, and primary research about nurses’ engagement with it are emerging.

Inclusion criteria:
The scoping review will include primary studies (quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods) and gray literature addressing knowledge, skills, attitudes, beliefs, and implementation of evidence-based practice among nurses. Participants will include registered nurses working in low- and middle-income countries. Studies conducted in all health care settings, including acute and community settings, in low- and middle-income countries will be included.

Methods:
We will search MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, ERIC, JBI Evidence-based Practice Database, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and AIM. Gray literature will be sourced from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global and Google Scholar for primary studies. Studies published in the English language will be included, with no limit on publication date. Titles, abstracts, and full-text articles will be assessed against the inclusion criteria by 2 independent reviewers. The extracted data will be analyzed quantitatively using frequencies and counts. Textual data from qualitative studies will be analyzed using descriptive content analysis. Results of the data analysis will be presented using graphs, tables, and a narrative format.

Scoping review registration:
Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/hau5y).
Experiences and perceptions of health care professionals making treatment decisions for older adults with memory loss: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Shapkin Kimberly , MacKinnon Karen , Sangster-Gormley Esther , Newton Lorelei , Holroyd-Leduc Jayna 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to critically analyze and synthesize the experiences and perceptions of health care professionals making decisions that result in treatment recommendations for older adults living with memory loss who are experiencing health problems.

Introduction:
Health care professionals provide care to older adults living with memory loss and other coexisting health conditions across all clinical settings. Older adults living with memory loss most commonly experience impaired independent decision-making, which can challenge health care professionals when decisions about treatment need to be made. These challenges contribute to older adults with memory loss receiving inappropriate treatment and experiencing higher morbidity than those without memory loss. To date, existing reviews have not focused on the experiences and perceptions of health care professionals who are making treatment decisions when older adults living with memory loss experience health problems. A deeper exploration of this evidence is needed to understand health care professionals’ experiences and perceptions of treatment decision-making to support the goal of improving care for older adults.

Inclusion criteria:
This systematic review will consider studies across all clinical settings focused on the experiences and perceptions of health care professionals making treatment decisions for older adults with memory loss who are experiencing health problems.

Methods:
We will conduct a comprehensive systematic search using CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Two reviewers will independently appraise the selected studies and extract qualitative data using the recommended JBI method for study selection, critical appraisal, data extraction, and data synthesis. The ConQual approach will be applied to provide a level of confidence for the review findings.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42021271485
Exploring current nutritional programming and resources available to people living with HIV/AIDs in Canada: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Mannette Jessica , Zhang Yingying , Rothfus Melissa , Purdy Chelsey , Tesfatsion Winta , Lynch Mary , Hamilton-Hinch Barb , Williams Patricia , Joy Phillip , Grant Shannan 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to map the current literature and resources available on nutrition and foods programming for people living with HIV/AIDS in Canada. This review is phase one of a four-phase, provincially funded project called FoodNOW (Food to eNhance Our Wellness) focused on nutritional assessment of people living with HIV/AIDS in Nova Scotia, Canada.

Introduction:
People living with HIV/AIDS may experience nutritional challenges, including food insecurity and nutrition-drug interactions. Nutritional programming is required for optimal care for people living with HIV/AIDS, however, there is a lack of information within the literature about current nutrition and foods programming in Canada. This proposed review will investigate available programming and gaps.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider literature focused on nutrition and food programming and resources in Canada for people living with HIV/AIDS. People living with HIV/AIDS of any age, sex, race, gender identity, or sexual orientation, including pregnant and lactating people living with HIV/AIDS, will be included as population of interest.

Methods:
The following databases will be searched: MEDLINE (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), Academic Search Premier (EBSCO), Social Services Abstracts (ProQuest), and Scopus (Elsevier). Types of gray literature eligible for review include reports from service providers and online public newspaper articles written by, with, or about people living with HIV/AIDS. Two independent reviewers will assess each study and any conflicts will be resolved through discussion. Data will be extracted by two independent reviewers. Results will be presented in a tabular or diagrammatic form, with a narrative summary.