bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation shielding, physical, and elastic properties of BaO-B2O3-Bi2O3 glass system
Authors: Ahmadi Maria , Zanganeh Vahid , Boodaghi Malidarre Roya , Akkurt Iskender 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this research, the radiation shielding, structural, mechanical, and acoustic features of the 20BaO-(80-x) Bi2O2 -x B2O3 (where x = 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20 mol%) glasses are investigated and the obtained results are reported in detail. One of the fundamental parameters in the evaluation of the interaction of radiation with shielding material was the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) that was obtained using the Phy-X/PSD program in the energy range from 0 to 10 MeV and the calculated results are presented in this paper. Increasing the Bi2O3 concentration changes the composition and density of glass samples and affects the mechanical properties. As a result, the values of elastic moduli such as Young’s, Bulk, Shear, and Longitudinal moduli experience a slight reduction. In addition, the Poisson’s ratio decreases from 0.27 to 0.17 but the quantity of fractal Bond Connectivity (FBC) increases between 2.26 and 3.59 from BaBiB1to BaBiB6 glass samples which hints that present glasses have chain structure (3D). Furthermore, the micro-hardness (H) increases from 6.67 to 9.88 GPa with the increase in Bi2O3 concentration. The reported acoustic impedance (Zi) increases between 15.16 *

10

3

kg
.

m

−
2

s

−
1

and 19.00 *

10

3

kg
.

m

−
2

s

−
1

.

The result of this study shows that increasing the amount of Bi2O3 in the preferred glass samples leads to the achievement of high performance radiation shielding materials. Finally, from this research, we can exploit valuable information about the structure of the glass samples.
Elastic spectra for a structurally chiral finite slab
Authors: Soto Mabel Anahi , Rosas R A , Reyes J A , Corella-Madueño A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We consider an artificial helical solid whose lattice vectors rotate around a given axis when displacing along such an axis; emulating the texture of a cholesteric liquid crystal. We analyze the general case of a local crystal symmetry for which the stiffness parameter values are such that the longitudinal and transverse elastic waves are coupled, causing the system to exhibit simultaneously two types of band gaps. Here, we calculate analytically for the first time, the elastic spectra of a structurally chiral elastic slab whose helical axis is normal to the sample borders, made with a finite number of periods; when elastic longitudinal and transverse circularly polarized waves impinge the slab. The outstanding features of the mentioned bandgaps are the following. One exhibits a circularly discriminatory behavior, in which only the right circularly polarized waves are reflected, whereas the left circularly polarized waves pass practically without change. The other band gap converts longitudinal incident waves in right circularly polarized reflected waves and vice versa.
Destabilization of low-frequency modes (LFMs) driven by a thermal pressure gradient in EAST plasmas with q
min
⩽ 2
Authors: Xu Ming , Ma Ruirui , Xu Liqing , Li Yingying , Zhao Hailin , Chen Wei , Wang Shouxin , Li Guoqiang , Zhong Guoqiang , Wang Fudi , Jin Yifei , Huang Juan , Zang Qing , Liu Haiqing , Hu Liqun , Gong Xianzu , Xu Guosheng , Hu Jiansheng , Wan Baonian , the EAST Team  
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mode structures and excitation conditions for the low-frequency modes (LFMs) have been investigated in experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST) plasmas with q
min ⩽ 2. Two different stages/categories of the LFM instabilities are observed during the oscillation of annular/central collapse events: (I) the upward sweeping frequency of LFMs; (II) the upward frequency jumpsof LFMs. The annular/central events are triggered by the m/n = 2/1 double tearing modes with different q-profiles, while the LFMs are characterized by higher mode numbers m/n = 4/2, 6/3, …, where m and n are the poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively. The maximum radial coverage of the LFMs is located in the annular region of 1.97

⩽
R
⩽

2.07 m with the normalized minor radius 0.2

⩽
ρ
⩽

0.4, while the higher-frequency (or upward sweeping frequency) branch is more localized to the radial position of 2

⩽
R
⩽

2.02 m (q
min). The frequency characteristics of upward sweeps or upward jumps of the LFMs are mainly attributed to the change in the q-profile, e.g. the upward sweeping frequency in stage I is caused by q
min decreasing. Accordingly, the linear wave properties of LFMs in EAST with weak/reversed magnetic shear are studied numerically and analytically based on a general fishbone-like dispersion relation. Without considering the contribution of energetic ions, it is shown that the LFM with Alfvénic polarization is an MHD-unstable kinetic ballooning mode with frequency of the order of the ion diamagnetic drift frequency. Several important factors for the excitation of LFM instability are analyzed: (1) the role of energetic ions is unimportant, and the LFMs can be excited under the two conditions of with/without energetic ions; (2) the higher τ = T
e/T
i with larger η
i = L

ni
/L

Ti
are required, namely the normalized pressure gradient α ∝ (1 + τ)(1 + η
i) should be large enough to overcome the stability effect of finite field line bending; (3) the weak/reversed shear q-profile with q
min ⩽ 2 and suitable S ≡ (r/q)(q″)1/2 are required.
Dependence of nonlinear coupling among turbulence, geodesic acoustic modes and tearing modes on magnetic island width in the HL-2A edge plasmas
Authors: Xu J.Q. , Li J.C. , Peng X.D. , Qu Y.R. , Lin Z. , Jiang M. , Huang Z.H. , Wu N. , Wang W.C. , Hao G.Z. , Chen W. , Qu H.P. , Li J.Q. , Xu M. , the HL-2A Team  
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Statistical spectral features of the dependence of geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) and their nonlinear couplings with ambient turbulence on the magnetic island (MI) width (W) in the edge region of HL-2A tokamak plasmas are analyzed. Experimental observations have indicated that the modulation influence as well as the strength of nonlinear interactions between GAMs and turbulence generally shows a gradual decay while the couplings between MIs and the latter are increased simultaneously as the MI becomes larger. The MIs mainly reduce the couplings between GAMs and potential fluctuations, whereas the changes in the nonlinear interactions between density fluctuations and MIs are more evident. Moreover, it is found that there exists a nonmonotonic relationship between the turbulence correlation length and island width, in which it exhibits a minimum around W ∼ 3.7 cm, suggesting that the MI around such a scale would have a significant suppression effect on turbulent transport. These findings promote the understanding of the nonlinear interactions between MIs and turbulence in the edge of fusion plasmas.
MℬJ-Filters on Lattice Implication Algebras
Authors: Amarendra Babu V , Naga Malleswari V Siva , Begum K Abida 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We explored the some equivalent conditions and properties of MℬJ-filters of Lattice implication algebras. As well we define MℬJ-lattice filters of Lattice implication algebras. Finally, it was established that MℬJ-Lattice filter is an MℬJ-filter, but not the other way around.
Bandgap Variations and Photodegradation Efficiency on Inclusion of SiO2 in TiO2-rGO Nanocomposite for High Performance Photocatalysis
Authors: Preetha S , Lekshmi I C 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
SiO2 is an excellent support material due to its flexible pore size and can be used as an adsorbent for the removal of toxic materials from water. Nanocrystalline TiO2-rGO is previously reported to show complete photodegradation for azo dyes. In pursuit of enhancing the adsorption capability of the system, we have incorporated SiO2 in TiO2-rGO nanocomposite which has drastically reduced the crystallinity of the matrix. Analysis of the bandgap variations is pursued here, which is crucial for enhanced light absorption and high performance photocatalysis.
Prediction of Solar Radiation Using Data Driven Models
Authors: Thallapalli Nagaveni , Prasanna S V S N D L 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The local climatic conditions play a significant role in the amount of Solar Radiation that reaches the Earth’s surface. In India, most of the locations, receive ample Solar Radiation. The exact evaluation of SR is most essential for engineering studies on energy and climate. For the present investigations, the meteorological data for Hyderabad city in Telangana state for the period 2009 - 2020 is adopted. Five climatological variables viz., Max. Temp. (Tmax), Min. Temp. (Tmin) and Mean Air Temp. (Tmean), Sunshine hours (n), and Relative Humidity (RH) were collected from the weather forecast. In the present investigations, two conventional empirical equations viz., Abdalla, and Angstrom are adopted for analytical estimation of Solar Radiation (SR). Furthermore, two data-driven models via., Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Multi Gene-genetic Programming (MGGP) are used to develop an equation for estimating Solar Radiation (Rs). The model equations were developed based on the parameters adopted for each conventional equation. These results are compared with conventional equation results. The present investigation exhibited that, the expected results of the Solar radiation of the arrangement formed by the data are favourable and also simplify the testing data. The corresponding R2 values for random data are 0.976 for the training dataset, while the value for the testing dataset is 0.964. Based on the performance analysis for each equation, the efficiency and reliability of the proposed MGGP and ANN model are validated and predicted for the year 2021. The predicted results were found to be in good agreement with the analytical results evaluated from three properly used equations.
Novel Pd-loaded self-standing hierarchical pore structure silicalite for low temperature toluene catalytic combustion
Authors: Deng Kang , Xiao Liangjun , Xie Junming , Tu Shunheng , Li Yongfeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA novel Pd-loaded self-standing hierarchical pore structure silicalite were obtained by a handy polymer form board assisted hydrothermal method. The selected foam-shaped form board of a polyurethane (PU) foam monolith was regarded as the precursor of the self-standing hierarchical pore structure silicalite. The fruiting silicalite can steadily hold unique macroporous network structure and shape of the anterior original PU foam board . By means of the BET and BJH pore size distribution tests, the as-synthesis silicalite demonstrated hierarchical pore structure. The method of in-situ reduction was wielded to load palladium on the silicalite, and the catalytic performance of the catalyst to decompose toluene was tested at multiple burning temperatures. The experimental results revealed that the Pd-loaded catalyst can effectively decompose toluene at nearly 230°C, realizing low-temperature catalytic combustion of toluene.
Effect of heat treatment process on Microstructure and properties of 4Cr13N corrosion resistant plastic die steel
Authors: Fan Yi , Xie Guanli , Ma Dangshen , Chi Hongxiao , Zhou Jian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The effect of heat treatment process on microstructure and mechanical properties of 4Cr13N corrosion-resistant plastic die steel were investigated. The experimental results indicate that, with the increase of quenching temperature of 4Cr13N steel, the undissolved second phase gradually decreased, the martensitic lath gradually coarsened, and the hardness first rise up and then move down. The hardness of 4Cr13N steel reaches the highest at 1020 °C, at this time, the quenching microstructure is martensite + undissolved carbide + retained austenite, and the type of undissolved carbide is M23C6. The tempering hardness curve has an obvious secondary hardening peak, the peak temperature is 500 °C, and the peak hardness is 55 HRC. Below 500 °C , with the increase of tempering temperature, granular nitride Cr2N dispersion precipitation from matrix, resulted in second phase strengthening, hardness increased, impact toughness decreased, and the fracture mode is quasi-cleavage fracture; Above 500 °C, the structure gradually transformed to sorbite, the hardness decreased, and the toughness increased. Over all, to achieve a better match of strength and toughness, 4Cr13N plastic die steel should be tempered between 200 ~ 480 °C, impact energy are above 15 J, hardness above 50 HRC.
Further results on the minimal random walk
Authors: Bercu Bernard , Vázquez Guevara Víctor Hugo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to go further in the analysis of the asymptotic behavior of the so-called minimal random walk (MRW) using a new martingale approach. The MRW is a discrete-time random walk with infinite memory that has three regimes depending on the location of its two parameters. In the diffusive and critical regimes, we establish new results on the asymptotic behavior of the MRW such as quadratic strong laws and functional central limit theorems. In the superdiffusive regime, we prove the almost sure convergence of the MRW, properly normalized, to a nondegenerate random variable. Moreover, we show that the fluctuation of the MRW around its limiting random variable is still Gaussian. Finally, several results on the center of mass of the MRW are also provided.
Rytov variance of plane and spherical waves, and scintillation index in weak to strong underwater turbulence
Authors: Ata Yalçın 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs a means of distinguishing the weak and strong irradiance fluctuations of optical beam propagation in turbulence, Rytov perturbation approximation and its later extension make it possible to characterize the transition between turbulence regimes. The closed-form expression of Rytov variance is derived for both plane and spherical waves propagating in underwater turbulence. Scintillation index of plane and spherical waves are also investigated depending on the Rytov variance in weak-moderate-strong underwater turbulence regimes. Moreover, the variation of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for an optical wireless communication system operating in underwater turbulent medium is analyzed. Results are presented for various underwater parameters. We believe that researchers may benefit from our results to find the optimum design (e.g. aperture size) and performance (e.g. SNR, bit-error-rate) parameters for an optical wireless communication systems operating in wide range underwater turbulent medium.
Fluorescence measurements: importance of G-factor correction, magic angle, and observation wavelengths
Authors: Kitchner Emma , Seung Michael , Chavez Jose , Ceresa Luca , Kimball Joseph , Gryczynski Ignacy , Gryczynski Zygmunt 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Excitation and emission (observation) conditions heavily impact fluorescence measurements. Both observed spectra and intensity decays (fluorescence lifetimes), when incorrectly measured, may lead to incorrect data interpretations. In this report, we discuss the role of observation conditions in steady-state and time-resolved (lifetime) fluorescence measurements. We demonstrate the importance of the correction for uneven transmissions of vertical and horizontal polarizations of emission light through the detection system. The necessity of using so-called total fluorescence intensity or intensity measured under magic angle (MA) conditions has been demonstrated for both steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. The dependence of lifetime measurements on observation (emission) wavelengths is also discussed. Two fluorophores, rhodamine 6G (R6G) and 4,4 Dimethylamino-cyano stilbene (DCS) in two solvents - ethanol and glycerol have been used in order to cover a broad range of dye polarities and solvent viscosities.
Semi-finished flywheel disk based on deep learning research on surface defect detection technology
Authors: Shi G F , Che J W , Hu X K , Li Y L , Wang L N , Mao Y H 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The surface defects of flywheel disc semi-finished products have complex and changeable morphological characteristics and random distribution. At present, relevant enterprises can only detect them through manual visual inspection. However, the low efficiency of manual inspection and the unstable inspection quality can easily lead to false inspections and missed inspections, which cannot meet the growing demand for production capacity. In order to achieve intelligent and efficient detection of defects, this paper proposes a surface defect detection algorithm for flywheel disc semi-finished products based on improved faster region-based convolutional neural networks (Faster R-CNN). First of all, based on multi-scale feature fusion, residual feature recalibration and deformable convolution, this paper designs a feature extraction network that can better capture and characterize defect morphology. Secondly, optimize the design of Faster R-CNN algorithm, use k-means++ cluster analysis to optimize the anchor generation rules in the network, so as to adapt to the defects of large aspect ratio, the region of interest (ROI) pooling calculation method incorporating global feature information is redesigned to prevent the position deviation of candidate areas when they are mapped back to the original image. Aiming at the problem that adjacent overlapping positive samples are deleted by mistake, the soft non-maximum suppression (Soft-NMS) algorithm is used to optimize the non-maximum suppression process and increase the number of positive samples output by the region proposal network(RPN). Then, the surface defect images are collected to build a data set, aiming at the problem that the data set is small and the distribution of the number of defects in each category is unbalanced, the classical data enhancement methods are used to augment the data set and equalize the defect categories. Finally, the surface defect detection and application experiment research of flywheel disc semi-finished products is carried out. The detection accuracy of the algorithm in this paper on the surface defect test set reaches 92.7%, which is 9.6% higher than the original Faster R-CNN detection accuracy, and 18.5% higher for the detection accuracy of small minor defects, and the improvement effect is more obvious.
Poly(hexamethylene biguanide) salicylate as a novel ionic liquid with antibacterial properties in the production of poly(vinyl alcohol) films
Authors: Słubik Anna , Masłowska-Lipowicz Iwona , Wieczorek Dorota , Wyrębska Łucja 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The presented work describes the effect of poly(hexamethylene biguanide) salicylate (PHMB-SA) ionic liquid on the properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) film. The ionic liquid synthetized is used as an antimicrobial agent. The ionic liquid consist of the poly(hexamethylene biguanide) cation and the salicylic anion, which exhibit synergistic antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties. The structure of obtained new ionic liquid was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. Additionally, the article describes a simple method of producing an antibacterial PVA-based film with the addition of collagen and an ionic liquid. The study investigated the effect of the amount of the PHMB-SA on the mechanical properties, microorganism in liquid medium and the antibacterial properties of the PVA film. The obtained results indicate that the mechanical and antibacterial properties of the PVA/Col films depended on the amount of the ionic liquid. The higher value of the tensile strength (27.11 MPa) and the higher degree of microbial growth inhibition (7 mm) was obtained for the sample containing 0.75 g PHMB-SA.
Experimental study on the improvement of spray characteristics of aero-engines using gliding arc plasma
Authors: ZHANG Lei , ZHANG Dengcheng , YU Jinlu , ZHAO Bingbing , QU Xinyu , CHEN Yi , CHENG Weida 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A gliding arc plasma fuel atomization actuator suitable for aeroengines was designed, and a gliding arc plasma fuel spray experimental platform was built to address the fuel atomization problem in aeroengine combustion chambers. The spray characteristics for different airflows, fuel flows, and discharge voltages were analyzed using laser particle size analysis. The research shows that the fuel atomization effect is improved from the increased airflow. The decreased fuel flow not only reduces the injection pressure of the fuel but also changes the discharge mode of the gliding arc, which affects reductions in the discharge power and inhibits fuel atomization. Gliding arc discharges accelerate the breaking, atomization, and evaporation of fuel droplets while reducing the particle size, which increases the proportion of small droplets. Compared with the working conditions of plasma-assisted atomization without the gliding arc, the D
0.5, D
0.9, and average particle size of the fuel droplets are reduced by 4.7%, 6.5%, and 4.1%, respectively, when the modulation voltage of the gliding arc power supply is 200 V.
Near-optimal control of dynamical systems with neural ordinary differential equations
Authors: Böttcher Lucas , Asikis Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Optimal control problems naturally arise in many scientific applications where one wishes to steer a dynamical system from an initial state x
0 to a desired target state

x

∗

in finite time T. Recent advances in deep learning and neural network–based optimization have contributed to the development of numerical methods that can help solve control problems involving high-dimensional dynamical systems. In particular, the framework of neural ordinary differential equations (neural ODEs) provides an efficient means to iteratively approximate continuous-time control functions associated with analytically intractable and computationally demanding control tasks. Although neural ODE controllers have shown great potential in solving complex control problems, the understanding of the effects of hyperparameters such as network structure and optimizers on learning performance is still very limited. Our work aims at addressing some of these knowledge gaps to conduct efficient hyperparameter optimization. To this end, we first analyze how truncated and non-truncated backpropagation through time affect both runtime performance and the ability of neural networks to learn optimal control functions. Using analytical and numerical methods, we then study the role of parameter initializations, optimizers, and neural-network architecture. Finally, we connect our results to the ability of neural ODE controllers to implicitly regularize control energy.