bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the Mortality of Individuals with Severe Disabilities Contribute to the Persistent East–West Mortality Gap Among German Men?
Authors: Grigoriev Olga , Doblhammer Gabriele 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAfter three decades since reunification male life expectancy in East Germany still lags behind that of West Germany. Unlike most of the prior studies focusing on the role of socioeconomic factors, this study aims at assessing the contribution of the population with severe disabilities to the persistent East–West male mortality gap. Our analysis is mainly based on the German Pension Fund data. It is restricted to men aged 30–59 receiving disability pension (DP). We estimate mortality indicators and compare trends among populations with or without DP. We use decomposition method to quantify the effects of changes in mortality and compositional changed in the prevalence of receiving DP on the East–West mortality difference. The analysis covers the period 1995–2013. The German Socioeconomic Panel data and Cox proportional hazard models are used to evaluate the regional differences in the risk of receiving DP. Our results suggest that both the higher prevalence of receiving DP in the East and the higher mortality level among men not receiving DP in the East explain the East–West gap. The mortality difference among those receiving DP is negligible and does not contribute much to it. The observed higher prevalence in receiving DP in the East is very likely to reflect the reality as we found no regional differences in the risk of transitioning to receiving DP. The disadvantageous position of the East can be explained by the post-reunification crisis which particularly hit young men in the 1990s, selective migration from East to West after reunification, and the higher proportion of the healthier foreign population living in the West.
Reconsidering the Relation Between “Matter Wave Interference” and “Wave–Particle Duality”
Authors: Mairhofer Lukas , Passon Oliver 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInterference of more and more massive objects provides a spectacular confirmation of quantum theory. It is usually regarded as support for “wave–particle duality” and in an extension of this duality even as support for “complementarity”. We first give an outline of the historical development of these notions. Already here it becomes evident that they are hard to define rigorously, i.e. have mainly a heuristic function. Then we discuss recent interference experiments of large and complex molecules which seem to support this heuristic function of “duality”. However, we show that in these experiments the diffraction of a delocalized center-of-mass wave function depends on the interaction of the localized structure of the molecule with the diffraction element. Thus, the molecules display “dual features” at the same time, which contradicts the usual understanding of wave–particle duality. We conclude that the notion of “wave–particle duality” deserves no place in modern quantum physics.
Scientific Visualization on the Cloud: the NEANIAS Services towards EOSC Integration
Authors: Sciacca Eva , Krokos Mel , Bordiu Cristobal , Brandt Carlos , Vitello Fabio , Bufano Filomena , Becciani Ugo , Raciti Mario , Tudisco Giuseppe , Riggi Simone , Topa Eugenio , Azzi Sami , Kyd Benjamin , Mantovani Simone , Vettorello Laura , Tan Jiacheng , Quintana Josep , Campos Ricard , Pina Noela 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNEANIAS is a research and innovation action project funded by the European Union under the Horizon 2020 program. The project addresses the challenge of prototyping novel solutions for the underwater, atmospheric and space research communities, creating a collaborative research ecosystem, and contributing to the effective materialization of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC). NEANIAS drives the co-design, implementation, delivery, and integration into EOSC of innovative thematic and core services, derived from state-of-the-art assets and practices in the target scientific communities. We present the overall NEANIAS ecosystem architecture, with an emphasis on its core visualization services, detailing their specifications and software development plan, and focusing on the underpinning service-oriented architecture for their delivery. We report on the underlying ideas and guiding principles for designing such visualization services, outlining their current release status and future development roadmaps towards Technological Readiness Level (TRL) 8 maturity and EOSC integration.
Improving Object Grasp Performance via Transformer-Based Sparse Shape Completion
Authors: Chen Wenkai , Liang Hongzhuo , Chen Zhaopeng , Sun Fuchun , Zhang Jianwei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCurrently, robotic grasping methods based on sparse partial point clouds have attained excellent grasping performance on various objects. However, they often generate wrong grasping candidates due to the lack of geometric information on the object. In this work, we propose a novel and robust sparse shape completion model (TransSC). This model has a transformer-based encoder to explore more point-wise features and a manifold-based decoder to exploit more object details using a segmented partial point cloud as input. Quantitative experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed shape completion network and demonstrate that our network outperforms existing methods. Besides, TransSC is integrated into a grasp evaluation network to generate a set of grasp candidates. The simulation experiment shows that TransSC improves the grasping generation result compared to the existing shape completion baselines. Furthermore, our robotic experiment shows that with TransSC, the robot is more successful in grasping objects of unknown numbers randomly placed on a support surface.
High-Dimensional Central Limit Theorems for Homogeneous Sums
Authors: Koike Yuta 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper develops a quantitative version of de Jong’s central limit theorem for homogeneous sums in a high-dimensional setting. More precisely, under appropriate moment assumptions, we establish an upper bound for the Kolmogorov distance between a multi-dimensional vector of homogeneous sums and a Gaussian vector so that the bound depends polynomially on the logarithm of the dimension and is governed by the fourth cumulants and the maximal influences of the components. As a corollary, we obtain high-dimensional versions of fourth-moment theorems, universality results and Peccati–Tudor-type theorems for homogeneous sums. We also sharpen some existing (quantitative) central limit theorems by applications of our result.
Resistance to obinutuzumab-induced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity caused by abnormal Fas signaling is overcome by combination therapies
Authors: Kawasaki Natsumi , Yamashita-Kashima Yoriko , Fujimura Takaaki , Yoshiura Shigeki , Harada Naoki , Kondoh Osamu , Yoshimura Yasushi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Obinutuzumab, a Type II anti-CD20 antibody, is used to treat follicular lymphoma. A major mode of action of obinutuzumab is antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Knowledge of the mechanisms of resistance to obinutuzumab is important for the development of next-line strategies to follow obinutuzumab-containing therapy, including obinutuzumab retreatment. Unfortunately, the mechanisms by which tumor cells acquire resistance to ADCC are still poorly understood. To address this, we examined the mechanisms of resistance to obinutuzumab-induced ADCC and the combination efficacy of obinutuzumab and clinically available agents in the established resistant cells.

Methods and results
We established cells resistant to obinutuzumab-induced ADCC using the non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell line RL and examined their mechanisms of resistance and the combination efficacy of obinutuzumab and clinically available agents. Comprehensive analysis by RNA sequencing of resistance mechanisms revealed that abnormal Fas signaling decreased sensitivity to ADCC in resistant clones. Combination treatment with prednisolone, a component of CHOP and CVP, was found to enhance ADCC sensitivity of RL cells and resistant clones and to significantly suppress tumor growth in xenograft models. Treatment with prednisolone upregulated expression of CD20 and an apoptosis-inducing protein BIM, which might augment perforin/granzyme B-mediated cell death. Furthermore, pretreatment of the effector cells with bendamustine enhanced ADCC activity, and treatment with obinutuzumab plus bendamustine showed significant antitumor efficacy in xenograft models. It was speculated that bendamustine upregulates ADCC activity by potentiating granules-mediated cell killing.

Conclusions
Our study revealed a novel mechanism underlying obinutuzumab-induced ADCC resistance and indicated that ADCC resistance could be overcome by combining obinutuzumab with prednisolone or bendamustine. This study provides a scientific rationale for obinutuzumab-retreatment in combination with clinically available chemotherapeutic agents for obinutuzumab resistant follicular lymphoma.
Thermal response of electronic, optical, mechanical properties, phonon frequencies, and sound velocity of InPxAsySb1−x−y/InAs quaternary semiconductor system
Authors: Degheidy A. R. , Abuali A. M. , Elkenany Elkenany B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe temperature dependence of acoustic velocities, thermal properties, phonon frequencies, mechanical, electronic, and optical properties for the InPxAsySb1−x−y/InAs system has been studied. The physical properties of the binary components InSb, InP, and InAs that constitute the quaternary alloy were used in this research. The study has been done using the empirical pseudo-potential method (EPM) under the virtual crystal approximation (VCA). The thermal properties, phonon frequencies, and acoustic velocities for the InPxAsySb1−x−y/InAs system under the effect of temperature have not been fully studied. Therefore, we have focused on these properties under the influence of temperature. Due to the lack of published theoretical and experimental values on these properties, our findings will provide a significant reference for future experimental work.
White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 requires additional phosphorus for N2 fixation
Authors: O’Sullivan James B. , Jin Jian , Tang Caixian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The steady rise of atmospheric CO2 concentrations enhances symbiotic N2 fixation and plant growth. However, it is largely unknown whether more P is required to enhance N2 fixation under elevated CO2. We examined if plants under elevated CO2 require more P to support enhanced N2 fixation.

Methods
White lupin (Lupinus albus L. cv. Kiev) was grown in nutrient solution under ambient (380 ppm) and elevated (700 ppm) CO2 levels at 0, 2, 5, 12, 25 and 50 µM P. Nodulation, nodule function, N2 fixation and plant growth were assessed at 4 and 6 weeks post inoculation. Excess cation uptake and proton release were also analysed due to its importance in P acquisition.

Results
Elevated CO2 increased the critical P concentration in nutrient solution for N2 fixation, indicating plants under elevated CO2 need to acquire additional P to support greater N2 fixation. Elevated CO2 improved N2 fixation in P-deficient plants by increasing specific nitrogenase activity. Elevated CO2 also enhanced excess cation uptake which increased proton release by roots.

Conclusions
As elevated CO2 increased the plant demand for P, it increased the critical P concentration in nutrient solution for N2 fixation, thereby plants require more P to mitigate the effect of P deficiency on N2 fixation. Despite this, elevated CO2 could enhance N2 fixation in P-limiting environments.
Active and sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) improved quality of life in female patients with fibromyalgia
Authors: Samartin-Veiga N. , González-Villar A. J. , Pidal-Miranda M. , Vázquez-Millán A. , Carrillo-de-la-Peña M. T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome with a strong impact on quality of life (QoL). Treatment of this condition remains a challenge, due to the scarce evidence for the effectiveness of the therapeutic approaches available. Current attention is focused on transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), which has yielded promising results for pain treatment. Rather than focusing only on pain relief, in this study, we aimed to determine how active or sham tDCS (over three cortical targets -the primary motor cortex, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the operculo-insular cortex-) affect QoL in patients with FM.

Methods
Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled design, we applied fifteen tDCS sessions of 20’ to initial 130 participants (randomized to any of the four treatment groups). We evaluated the QoL (assessed by SF-36) and the symptoms’ impact (assessed by FIQ-R) in baseline, after treatment and at 6 months follow-up.

Results
All groups were comparable as regards age, medication pattern and severity of symptoms before the treatment. We found that QoL and symptoms’ impact improved in all treatment groups (including the sham) and this improvement lasted for up to 6 months. However, we did not observe any group effect nor group*treatment interaction.

Conclusions
After the intervention, we observed a non-specific effect that may be due to placebo, favoured by the expectations of tDCS efficacy and psychosocial variables inherent to the intervention (daily relationship with therapists and other patients in the clinic). Therefore, active tDCS is not superior to sham stimulation in improving QoL in FM.
Having a disagreement: expression, persuasion and demand
Authors: Pietroiusti Giulio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is common to distinguish between disagreement in the state sense (being in disagreement) and disagreement in the activity sense (having a disagreement). This paper deals with the question of what it is for two people to have a disagreement. First, I present and reject the thesis according to which having a disagreement is a matter of expressing conflicting attitudes. I argue that this is not sufficient for having a disagreement: two people can express conflicting attitudes without having a disagreement. Second, I present and reject the thesis according to which having a disagreement involves not only the expression of conflicting attitudes, but also the persuasive attempt to bring the other around to one’s view. I argue that this is not necessary for having a disagreement: two people can have a disagreement without trying to change each other’s minds. Finally, I put forward an alternative account that goes beyond the mere expression of conflicting attitudes, but that does not go as far as to posit the attempt to change someone’s mind. Having a disagreement, I submit, is a matter of expressing conflicting attitudes and demanding agreement, that is, advancing the normative claim that the other should share one’s attitude.
Persistence of Fecal Indicators and Microbial Source Tracking Markers in Water Flushed from Riverbank Soils
Authors: Calderon Jose S. , Verbyla Matthew E. , Gil Mia , Pinongcos Federick , Kinoshita Alicia M. , Mladenov Natalie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Sewer overflows and exfiltration can potentially contaminate water bodies with pathogens from wastewater. Microbial source tracking (MST) methods such as the detection of the HF183 gene target of Bacteroides have been proposed to monitor human fecal pollution inputs to surface waters; however, the persistence of HF183 and other MST markers in water flushed from soils after contamination events is not well understood. In this study, the persistence and decay of two culture-based fecal indicators, Escherichia coli and enterococci, and two molecular MST markers, HF183 and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), were evaluated in riverbank soils spiked with untreated sewage, which were left idle for 1, 14, 28, 60, and 121 days under dark conditions and then flushed with synthetic rainwater. All four microbial indicators were still detected in flush water 4 months after the soil was contaminated. PMMoV persisted much longer and had a slower decay rate than the other microbial indicators, and E. coli degraded most rapidly. In consecutive flushing experiments with fresh (1 day) sewage-spiked soils, HF183, E. coli, and enterococci were all detected after 20 consecutive flushes with rainwater, but PMMoV was not detected after the fifth flush. Our findings indicate that water (e.g., stormwater interflow) flushing through riverbank soils that have previously been contaminated by sewer overflows or sewer exfiltration can potentially be a source of microbial pollution to surface waters, even for several months after the contamination occurs. Results from this study also demonstrate the benefits of using multiple human-associated fecal indicators to distinguish pollution from different microbial groups in water bodies.
Graphical abstract
Cost-effectiveness analysis of including contrast-enhanced ultrasound in management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms
Authors: Faccioli Niccolo’ , Santi Elena , Foti Giovanni , D’Onofrio Mirko 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCN) management consists of non-invasive imaging studies (CT, MRI), with a high resource burden. We aimed to determine the cost-effectiveness of including contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the management of PCN without risk features.

Materials and methods
By using a decision-tree model in a hypothetical cohort of patients, we compared management strategy including CEUS with the latest Fukuoka consensus, European and Italian guidelines. Our strategy for BD-IPMN/MCN < 1 cm includes 1 CEUS annually. For those between 1 and 2 cm, it includes CEUS 4 times/year during the first year, then 3 times/year for 4 years and then annually. For those between 2 and 3 cm, it comprises MRI twice/year during the first one, then alternating 2 CEUS and 1 MRI yearly.

Results
CEUS surveillance is the dominant strategy in all scenarios. CEUS surveillance average cost is 1,984.72 €, mean QALY 11.79 and mean ICER 181.99 €. If willingness to pay is 30,000 €, 45% of patients undergone CEUS surveillance of BDIPMN/MCN < 1 cm would be within budget.

Conclusion
Guidelines strategies are very effective, but costs are relatively high from a policy perspective. CEUS surveillance may be a cost-effective strategy yielding a nearly high QALYs, an acceptable ICER, and a lower cost.
Treating Cardiovascular Disease with Liver Genome Engineering
Authors: Hurley Ayrea , Lagor William R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review examines recent progress in somatic genome editing for cardiovascular disease. We briefly highlight new gene editing approaches, delivery systems, and potential targets in the liver.

Recent Findings
In recent years, new editing and delivery systems have been applied successfully in model organisms to modify genes within hepatocytes. Disruption of several genes has been shown to dramatically lower plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels in mice as well as non-human primates. More precise modification of cardiovascular targets has also been achieved through homology-directed repair or base editing. Improved viral vectors and nanoparticle delivery systems are addressing important delivery challenges and helping to mitigate safety concerns.

Summary
Liver-directed genome editing has the potential to cure both rare and common forms of cardiovascular disease. Exciting progress is already being made, including promising results from preclinical studies and the initiation of human gene therapy trials.
Models of Care of Schizophrenia in the Community—An International Perspective
Authors: Gowda Guru S. , Isaac Mohan K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe reviewed the existing and recent community models of care in schizophrenia. We examine characteristics, recent updates, evidence, cost-effectiveness, and patients’ acceptance for existing and new community-based care models in high-income (HI) and low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries.Recent FindingsAssertive Community Treatment (ACT), Intensive Case Management (ICM), and Crisis Intervention are cost-effective interventions for schizophrenia and time tested in the last few decades in HI countries. The growing evidence suggests that tailor-made ACTs and ICM can effectively reduce substance use, homelessness, and criminal activity in persons with schizophrenia who live in the community. Similarly, in LAMI Countries, a few community-based care models for schizophrenia have been developed and tested based on community-based rehabilitation principles.SummaryThe modality of a community model of care and interventions for a person with schizophrenia should be chosen based on the person’s co-existing psychosocial difficulties and challenges such as homelessness, criminal behaviour, and substance use.
Tackling Foam-Based Process Disruptions in Spirit Distillation by Thermal Energy Input Adaptations
Authors: Heller Daniel , Roj Simon , Switulla Julia , Kölling Ralf , Einfalt Daniel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProcess impairing foam formation occurs regularly in batch distillation devices of the spirit industry. It negatively influences process and product quality. Up to now, such foam-related problems have not been in the focus of scientific investigations. This study aimed at preventing impairing foam formations by adapting the thermal energy input in fruit and grain mash distillations in larger scale batch distillations. The results showed that a reduction of the thermal energy input to 43 ± 1 W·L−1 during the initial heating of the mash leads to less flooding of the distillation apparatus and to a higher concentration of lower boiling compounds like methanol, acetaldehyde, and ethyl acetate as well as ethanol in the first fractions of the distillates. A standard process time and less energy consumption could be achieved by increasing the energy input again after prior reduction. However, this led to a reduction of the ethanol concentration in the distillate fractions of up to 4.3%vol, also most severe in the first fractions. A significant influence on analyzed volatile compounds in the distillate besides ethanol could not be detected. This is the first study that uses defined thermal energy input adaptations for foam management in larger scale distillation devices. The results lead the way to a more efficient distillation process with less foam formation.
Cross-cultural evidence of a space-ethnicity association in face categorisation
Authors: Dalmaso Mario , Vicovaro Michele , Watanabe Katsumi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAccording to a space-valence association, individuals tend to relate negatively- and positively-connoted stimuli with the left and right side of space, respectively. So far, only a few studies have explored whether this phenomenon can also emerge for social dimensions associated with facial stimuli. Here, we adopted a cross-cultural approach and conducted two experiments with the main aim to test whether a left–right space-valence association can also emerge for other- vs. own-race faces. Asian Japanese (Experiment 1) and White Italian (Experiment 2) participants engaged in a speeded binary classification task in which a central placed face had to be classified as either Asian or White. Manual responses were provided through a left- vs. right-side button. In both experiments, other-race faces elicited faster responses than own-race faces, in line with the well-documented other-race categorisation advantage. Moreover, evidence of an association between space and ethnic membership also arose and, interestingly, was similar in both groups. Indeed, Asian faces were responded to faster with the right-side key than with the left-side key, whereas response side had no effect for White faces. These results are discussed with regard to possible cross-cultural differences in group perception.