bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IL‐34 was high in serum of women with polycystic ovary syndrome and may function as potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target
Authors: Cai Huaping , Jin Shuman , Lin Jinfang , Yu Liying , Xu Jinwei , Qian Panlian , Chen Weimin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders in females of reproductive age, with a prevalence of 20%–33% in the general population. Interleukin (IL)‐34 is a recently explored proinflammatory cytokine and is an important modulator in different disease types. However, the function of IL‐34 in PCOS has yet to be investigated.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the IL‐34 serum level in women with PCOS and to compare it to that of a relatively healthy control group. Focusing on its relationship with IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR), triglyceride, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C).Materials and MethodsIn this study, blood samples were obtained from 100 women with PCOS and 100 healthy control women for the purpose of estimating their serum levels of IL‐34, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay technique.ResultsSerum levels of IL‐34, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β were all higher in PCOS women than in healthy controls, and the difference was highly statistically significant. Serum IL‐34 concentration was positively correlated with IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β concentration. Additionally, serum concentrations of IL‐34 were positively correlated with HOMA‐IR, triglyceride, and LDL‐C.ConclusionWhen compared to normal women, IL‐34, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β levels were highly statistically significant in PCOS, and these high levels were associated with other cytokines (IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β), HOMA‐IR, triglyceride, and LDL‐C.
Negative Mood Regulation Expectancies Moderate the Effects of Acculturative Stress on Affective Symptoms Among Chinese International Students in Japan
Authors: An Tingting , Hamamura Toshitaka , Kishimoto Tomoko , Mearns Jack 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study investigated interrelationships of negative mood regulation expectancies (NMREs), stressors, and affective symptoms among Chinese international students in Japan. NMREs represent one's confidence that one can reduce the intensity of the unpleasant moods one experiences. Data were collected from 527 participants using self‐report measures of NMREs, university stress, acculturative stress, depression, and anxiety. Results showed that NMREs buffered the effects on distress of acculturative stress but not of university stress: stronger NMREs protected international students from the negative consequences of acculturative stress. This suggests that being more confident in their emotion regulation made Chinese international students less vulnerable to the negative affective consequences of acculturative stress but not university stress. This difference may be because, for international students, acculturative stress is less personally controllable than university stress. Consequently, when active coping attempts fail to ameliorate one's stress, simply believing that one can make oneself feel better—stronger NMREs—may mitigate the effects of an uncontrollable stressor on one's well‐being. One implication of this research is that raising the NMREs of international students may reduce their risk of distress.
Association of gastric lymphofollicular hyperplasia with Helicobacter‐like organisms in dogs
Authors: Biénès Tom , Leal Rodolfo Oliveira , Domínguez‐Ruiz Marina , De Carvalho Rodolfo Elvas , Rodrigues Nina Fernandes , Dally Claire , Husson Jean‐Charles , Le Boedec Kevin , Hernandez Juan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe relationships among gastric lymphoid follicular hyperplasia (GLFH), Helicobacter‐like organisms (HLOs), and clinical signs have not been established in dogs.ObjectivesTo evaluate the epidemiologic, clinical, endoscopic, and histopathologic findings associated with GLFH in dogs, and determine the association of GLFH with HLOs and the French Bulldog (FB) breed.AnimalsTwo hundred eighty‐eight dogs that underwent gastroscopy between 2013 and 2016.MethodsRetrospective, cross‐sectional study. Gastric biopsy samples were reviewed and scored for inflammation and HLOs. Dogs were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (63 FBs), group 2 (45 non‐FB brachycephalic dogs), and group 3 (180 nonbrachycephalic dogs). Variables were evaluated for their association with GLFH.ResultsUnivariate analysis determined that intact males, young age, vomiting, gastroscopic findings (discoloration, hemorrhage, and ulcers), and histopathologic findings (gastric lamina propria lymphocytic infiltration and HLO score) were associated with GLFH (P ≤ .03). In the multivariate analysis, GLFH was associated with the HLO score (odds ratio [OR] > 5 for HLO scores 1‐2 and >15 for HLO score of 3; P < .001), with vomiting (OR > 4; P = .01) but not with FB breed (P = .76) and age (P = .1). The HLO score was associated with younger age (P < .001).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceThe HLO score was associated with a high GLFH score. Vomiting was associated with GLFH. Helicobacter‐like organisms are highly prevalent in young dogs and GLFH is indirectly associated with this factor. Clinical relevance of the identification of GLFH and HLO remains to be determined.
The influence of contrasting fire management practice on bush encroachment: Lessons from Bwabwata National Park, Namibia
Authors: Eastment Conor , Humphrey Glynis , Hoffman Michael Timm , Gillson Lindsey 
Published: February 2022

AbstractQuestionsBush encroachment, (i.e. disproportionate woody vegetation increase at the cost of grassland) has negative impacts for biodiversity conservation and tourism by homogenising habitat structure and decreasing grazing and game‐viewing. While herbivory, rainfall, and CO2 all influence changes in woody vegetation cover, fire has the best potential for vegetation management. Changes in fire management can either encourage or suppress bush encroachment and a better understanding of how changes in fire regime affect vegetation structure is needed. Therefore, this study addressed three questions: (a) how has woody cover changed over two decades (1999–2019); (b) what is the role of land use, rainfall, and fire in influencing woody cover change; and (c) what are the management implications?LocationBwabwata National Park (BNP), Namibia.MethodsThe study used a novel combination of repeat ground photography and satellite‐based remote‐sensing products to explore the change in woody vegetation in relation to rainfall, land use, and fire seasonality.ResultsWoody vegetation has increased by 13% since 1999 in BNP. Change in vegetation structure differed in the east and west of the park. Early‐season burns in the east of the park were associated with an increase in trees over 3 m tall consisting primarily of Dialium englerianum, Terminalia sericea and Burkea africana. Repetitive late dry‐season fires in the west of the park were associated with an increase in shrubs under 3 m dominated by Baphia massaiensis and Terminalia sericea.ConclusionsBoth early‐ and late‐season fires are of value in management of bush encroachment. Early dry‐season fires appear to reduce the rate of bush encroachment and contribute to maintaining a heterogeneous vegetation structure. This fire management strategy reduces wildfire risk, conserves biodiversity, and promotes tourism and is, therefore, recommended for the park.
“I Look Mexican, So They Assume I Speak Spanish”: Latinx Teacher Candidates’ Experiences With Raciolinguistic Policing
Authors: FALLAS–ESCOBAR CHRISTIAN , HENDERSON KATHRYN , LINDAHL KRISTEN 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis critical discourse analysis study examines Latinx primary and secondary school teacher candidates’ (TCs) struggles with raciolinguistic ideologies that connect speaking Spanish to being authentically Latinx. Data came from a larger qualitative project, in which these TCs engaged in reflexive language ideology and awareness tasks, as part of an English‐as‐a‐second‐language methods class at a large Hispanic‐serving university in Texas. In this study, we center Latinx TCs’ experiences with and responses to raciolinguistic ideologies framing them as linguistically lacking and/or ethnically inauthentic. Our findings have implications for the ways teacher educators engage Latinx TCs in the interrogation of language ideologies during teacher preparation. We conclude this article by offering pathways for educators to engage Latinx TCs in challenging the practice of marginalizing Latinx individuals via their language practices.
Impact of global value chains on total factor productivity: The case of Indian manufacturing
Authors: Banga Karishma 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith production increasingly fragmented across borders, global value chains (GVCs) form a key feature of the world economy. A rising body of literature has documented productivity gains from linking into GVCs for developed‐country firms, but studies on the same for developing countries are scant. In this paper, we empirically examine whether GVCs can increase total factor productivity (TFP) in developing countries, using an unbalanced panel of Indian manufacturing firms in the period 2000/2001–2014/2015 from the Prowess data set. To address econometric issues of self‐selection and endogeneity, we use a two‐stage empirical strategy of propensity score matching and system generalized method of moments. The results indicate that linking into GVCs has a positive and significant impact on firm TFP, even after accounting for self‐selection of more productive firms into GVCs. Once linked, increasing GVC embeddedness, captured through firm‐level vertical specialization, also has a positive and significant impact on firm productivity. But productivity gains are not homogenous; GVC firms that link into relational governance chains, captured through the share of skilled workers and infrastructure and communication index relative to industry, have 20% higher productivity growth than firms in other chains. Older and more liquid GVC firms are also more productive. Designing policies to facilitate GVC linkages and firm technological capabilities can thus foster productivity gains in developing countries.
Exploring the construction and application of spatial scene knowledge graphs considering topological relations
Authors: Shen Jingwei , Shi Kaifang , Ma Mingguo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA spatial scene consists of a large number of geographic objects and their spatial relations and attributes. It is important to explore an effective method to organize spatial scenes so that they are more readable by humans and machines. The construction of a spatial scene knowledge graph considering topological relations, which can play important roles in spatial query, spatial analysis, and spatial data modeling, is explored in this article. To construct the spatial scene knowledge graph considering topological relations, the definitions of the spatial scene knowledge graph schema, topological relation knowledge acquisition and storage, and spatial scene knowledge graph visualization are explored. Two typical applications, including knowledge reasoning and spatial neighbor analysis based on spatial scene knowledge graphs, are presented. A case study is designed, and the construction and application of a spatial scene knowledge graph of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region is shown. Nine contains relations, 18 crosses relations, and 47 touches relations are marked; and topological relation reasoning and spatial neighbor relation analysis based on a successfully constructed knowledge graph are performed. The results show the following: (1) the spatial scene knowledge graph considering topological relations is an effective and intuitive way to express the topological relations between geographic objects; and (2) the spatial scene knowledge graph may play important roles in graph‐based application areas, such as topological relation reasoning and spatial neighbor analysis.
Semicompatibilism Imperiled
Authors: Haji Ishtiyaque 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBlameworthiness semicompatibilism is the thesis that determinism is compatible with moral blameworthiness even if incompatible with freedom to do otherwise. Two concerns with this thesis are raised. First, I show why Frankfurt examples, which play a key role in underwriting blameworthiness semicompatibilism, are not as secure as many believe because of conceptual ties between blameworthiness and impermissibility. Second, I argue that if blameworthiness is conceptually associated, even if in a roundabout way with impermissibility, and one cannot do wrong unless one could have done otherwise, blameworthiness semicompatibilism is imperiled. With suitable amendments, parallel problems plague praiseworthiness semicompatibilism, the thesis that determinism is compatible with moral praiseworthiness even if incompatible with freedom to do otherwise.
Febrile neutropenia management and outcomes in hematopoietic cell transplantation for chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: Parta Mark , Cuellar‐Rodriguez Jennifer , Gea‐Banacloche Juan , Qin Jing , Kelly Corin , Zerbe Christa S. , Holland Steven M. , Malech Harry L. , Kang Elizabeth M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe analyzed events and therapies related to febrile neutropenia in patients receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).MethodsThree protocols for HCT were used to extract the relation between conditioning and infectious complications during transplantation for CGD, especially the relation of fever and neutropenia to microbiological events and antibiotic therapy.ResultsSixty‐nine recipients received either reduced intensity conditioning with matched related or unrelated donors or conditioning specific to haploidentical‐related donors utilizing posttransplant cyclophosphamide. Fever prior to neutropenia was common (52) and in eight recipients, Gram negative bacterial infection occurred prior to neutropenia, and in nine during neutropenia. Alemtuzumab as conditioning was associated with preneutropenic infection.Empiric therapy (noncarbapenem) by institutional guideline was given in 40. Carbapenems were given before neutropenia (8) or as empiric therapy in neutropenia (18), or a switch to a carbapenem (n = 22) occurred in 48 cases.No deaths related to infection associated with neutropenia occurred.ConclusionThe management of febrile neutropenia in HCT for CGD led to no deaths related to infection associated with neutropenia. Bacteremias occurred both prior to neutropenia and during neutropenia. Bacteria isolated may have represented the recrudescence of prior infection, representing the population transplanted and the platform for HCT. The treatment of prior infections may have had an influence on the necessity of carbapenem use as either empiric or directed therapy for bacterial infections.
Passive transfer of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies with platelet transfusions
Authors: Ramirez Guillermo A. , Gautam‐Goyal Pranisha , Shariatmadar Sherry , Khatri Akshay , McCann‐Pineo Molly , Rasul Rehana , Karkenny Gabriel , Chang Tylis , Sfakianos Maria , Cassiere Hugh , Epstein Marcia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough over 5000 platelet transfusions occur daily in the United States, the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies in platelet units is not commonly evaluated for. The effects of platelet transfusions with SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies remain largely unknown. We evaluated single‐donor (apheresis) platelet units for SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies and determined if platelet transfusions passively transferred antibodies to seronegative recipients.Study Design and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis as part of a quality assurance initiative during February to March 2021 at a tertiary referral academic center in suburban New York. Platelet units and platelet recipients were evaluated for the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies using the DiaSorin LIASON SARS‐CoV‐2 S1/S2 IgG assay. There were 47 platelet recipients eligible for study inclusion. The primary outcome was the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein IgG antibodies in the recipient's blood after platelet transfusion.ResultsTwenty‐three patients received platelets with SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein IgG antibodies; 13 recipients had detection of SARS‐COV‐2 antibodies (56.5%), and 10 recipients did not. The median antibody titer in the platelet units given to the group with passive antibodies detected was significantly higher compared to the median antibody titer in the platelet units given to the group without antibodies detected (median [interquartile range]: 306 AU/ml [132, 400] vs. 96.1 AU/ml [30.6, 186], p = .027).ConclusionsOur study demonstrated a significant rate of passive transfer of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein IgG antibodies through platelet transfusions. Considering the volume of daily platelet transfusions, this is something all clinicians should be aware of.
Septuagenarians Approach 4 Times the Basal Metabolic Rate During Race Across America
Authors: Rosales Alejandro M. , Keck Nathan A. , Shriver Tim C. , Schoeller Dale A. , Ruby Brent C. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Previous data have demonstrated that Tour de France riders maintain total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) between 3.5 and 5.5 times the basal metabolic rate (×BMR). In contrast, TDEE for healthy male septuagenarians has been reported to average 1.3 to 2.0 ×BMR. Purpose: Measure the TDEE and water efflux during ultraendurance work in an older population during the cross-continent cycling Race Across America. Methods: A 4-man septuagenarian team (70 [1.6] y, 72.0 [5.1] kg) received an oral dose of doubly labeled water prior to completing the Race Across America (4817 km, 51,816 m of climbing) for TDEE calculation. Nude body weight measures were coupled with collected urine samples. Results: The race was completed in approximately 6.5 days (official time: 6 d, 13 h, and 13 min) with an average speed of 30.6 (0.7) km·h−1 (age-group course record). Body weight remained unchanged (prerace: 70.4 [5.8] kg, postrace: 70.0 [5.3] kg). TDEE was calculated over 3 race segments. TDEE varied between individual riders and segments throughout the continuous event (24.7 [4.2] MJ·24 h−1, 5900 [1015] kcals·24 h−1, 3.4 [0.5] ×BMR). Water efflux averaged 10.2 (0.8) L·24 h−1 resulting in a total turnover of 45.3 (3.9) L amounting to 1.5 (0.2) times initial total body water during the race. Conclusions: Highly active septuagenarians maintain body weight prerace to postrace, suggesting near energy balance when TDEE approaches 4 ×BMR. These values exceed twice those of previously observed healthy but less active septuagenarian men and are comparable to professional riders during portions of the Tour de France. Advanced age and high metabolic output are not mutually exclusive.
Quantitative and qualitative assessment of anterior segment optical coherence tomography capture of disease state in childhood anterior uveitis
Authors: Etherton Katie , Rahi Jugnoo S , Petrushkin Harry , Dick Andrew D , Akbarali Saira , Pattani Reshma , Hau Scott , Lacassagne Sandrine , Liu Xiaoxuan , Denniston Alastair K , Solebo Ameenat Lola 
Published: February 2022

Background/aimsAnterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) assessment of anterior chamber inflammation is an emerging tool. We describe the performance of AS-OCT in a paediatric population.MethodsA mixed-methods prospective study, using routine clinical assessment as reference standard, and AS-OCT, with Tomey CASIA2 or Heidelberg Spectralis HS1, as index test, with data collected on patient perceptions of imaging. Repeatability, diagnostic indices, responsiveness to clinical change and clinical correlations of imaging-based metrics (image cell count, size, density and brightness) were assessed, with construction of receiver operated characteristic curves. Exploratory thematic analysis of responses from families was undertaken.ResultsA total of 90 children (180 eyes) underwent imaging. Bland Altman limits of agreement for CASIA2 repeatability ranged from +17 cells (95% CI 13.6 to 21.1) to −19 cells (95% CI −15.6 to −23.2) and HS1 from +1 (95% CI 0.9 to 1.2) to −1.0 (−1.2 to −0.8) cells. CASIA2 imaging had higher sensitivity of 0.92 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.97) vs HS1 imaging 0.17 (95% CI 0.07 to 0.34), with positive correlation between clinical grade and CASIA2 cell count (coefficient 12.8, p=0.02, 95% CI 2.2 to 23.4). Change in clinical grade at follow-up examinations correlated with change in image based ‘cell’ count (r2=0.79, p<0.001). Patients reported a potential positive impact of seeing their disease activity.ConclusionOur findings suggest that OCT-based imaging holds the promise of deeper understanding of disease, improved patient experience and more granular monitoring of activity with resultant improved outcomes, but further work is needed to refine acquisition and analysis protocols.
Findability of UK health datasets available for research: a mixed methods study
Authors: Griffiths Emily , Joseph Rebecca M , Tilston George , Thew Sarah , Kapacee Zoher , Dixon William , Peek Niels 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveHow health researchers find secondary data to analyse is unclear. We sought to describe the approaches that UK organisations take to help researchers find data and to assess the findability of health data that are available for research.MethodsWe surveyed established organisations about how they make data findable. We derived measures of findability based on the first element of the FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reproducible). We applied these to 13 UK health datasets and measured their findability via two major internet search engines in 2018 and repeated in 2021.ResultsAmong 12 survey respondents, 11 indicated that they made metadata publicly available. Respondents said internet presence was important for findability, but that this needed improvement. In 2018, 8 out of 13 datasets were listed in the top 100 search results of 10 searches repeated on both search engines, while the remaining 5 were found one click away from those search results. In 2021, this had reduced to seven datasets directly listed and one dataset one click away. In 2021, Google Dataset Search had become available, which listed 3 of the 13 datasets within the top 100 search results.DiscussionMeasuring findability via online search engines is one method for evaluating efforts to improve findability. Findability could perhaps be improved with catalogues that have greater inclusion of datasets, field-level metadata and persistent identifiers.ConclusionUK organisations recognised the importance of the internet for finding data for research. However, health datasets available for research were no more findable in 2021 than in 2018.