bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound cycloplasty: a case series examining the efficacy on a local Malaysian cohort of patients
Authors: Sothirachagan Shankari , Che Hamzah Jemaima 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Ultrasound cycloplasty (UCP) is commercially available in Europe. It has been shown to have less side effects than its trans-scleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation counterpart in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in refractory glaucoma patients.
Case presentation: This retrospective case series followed seven patients treated with UCP for refractory glaucoma at the Ophthalmology Clinic, Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Patients were aged 52–80 years, with baseline IOP 14–27 mmHg. All patients received sequential activation of the transducers lasting 8 seconds. Postoperatively, patients were followed-up at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. No complications or changes in best-corrected visual acuity were recorded postoperatively. One patient underwent a trabeculectomy 3 months post-procedure, whilst the others continued regular medication. At 1-month postoperative, there was IOP reduction of 6–10 mmHg in six patients. At the 3-month follow-up, IOP returned to the preoperative levels. Conservative power and duration of the shots were used to ensure patients safety.
Conclusion: Most studies on UCP safety and efficacy have been conducted on Caucasian populations. A longer duration of UCP may be necessary in the Asian population. Further studies are required to determine the efficacy of UCP in the Asian population.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN DAN KEMAUAN DALAM MEMBAYAR TARIF PADA PENGGUNA JASA MODA TRANSPORTASI KAPAL LAUT (Rute Ternate-Sanana)
Authors: Canra Dahlia 
Published: November 2022

Sea transportation mode in this case ship is an alternative transportation mode that is most often chosen by the community when traveling on the Ternate - Sanana route. For this type of transportation mode, it is relatively smooth because almost every day it is available, there are 3 ships operating in one week. One important factor in the management of sea transportation services is fare. This is the reason people use this mode of transportation, because the fare is considered quite affordable. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the Ability To Pay (ATP) and Willingness To Pay (WTP) users of the Ternate Sanana sea ship services, which can later be taken into consideration in evaluating the appropriate fare. From the data that has been processed, the Ability To Pay (ATP) value of Rp.471,722 and the Willingness to Pay (WTP) value of Rp.229,100. Keywords : Ability to Pay (ATP), Willingness To Pay (WTP), Fare, Sea Transportatio Mode, Ternate, Sanana.
PEMANFAATAN CANGKANG KEONG SAWAH SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI SEBAHAGIAN SEMEN DAN AGREGAT HALUS TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN BETON
Authors: Hady Munirul , Bunyamin Bunyamin , Darwin Darwin , Rahman Aulia , Satria Andrisman 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConcrete is one of the choices as a structural material for construction in the construction sector, in this case, a concrete mixture is an object that is often used as research to obtain efficient construction methods and develop concrete constituent materials. The utilization of waste as a substitute for portland cement or additives is not a new thing. This research is expected to reduce rice snail waste that pollutes the environment and compare the compressive strength of normal concrete with concrete that uses rice snails as a partial substitute for cement and fine aggregate. This study refers to the ACI 211.1-91 and ASTM C-33/C33-08 methods. The rice snail waste was first crushed and filtered through a sieve that passed the ASTM No. 200 filter as a partial substitution of cement with substitution percentages of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% in the concrete mixture. The test object used is a cylinder with dimensions of 15 cm x 30 cm, totaling 40 specimens with a planned concrete quality of 17 MPa by the minimum requirements for structural concrete in SNI 2847-2019. Each percentage of 5 samples and testing will be carried out until the concrete is 28 days old in an immersion bath. The results show that the compressive strength using 0% snail shell variations was 17.35 MPa and 5%, 10%, and 15% variations were 15.74 MPa, 10.60 MPa, and 7.63 MPa. As well as the ratio of the density of the volume of concrete with mixed variations of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%, namely 2344.4 kg/cm3, 2277.2 kg/cm3, 2170.4 kg/cm3 and 2103.7 kg/cm3. Keywords—Compressive Strength of Concrete, Rice Snail Waste, Substitution
Formulación de plaguicidas orgánicos a partir de extractos vegetales para el control del pulgón (Aphis gossypii)
Authors: Rodríguez José Rafael 
Published: November 2022

El objetivo general de la investigación fue formular un plaguicida orgánico a partir de extractos vegetales para el control del pulgón (Aphis gossypii) en cultivos del sector El Cebollal. Para este estudio se efectuaron 7 formulaciones con las siguientes proporciones porcentuales; los extractos de las plantas experimentadas flor de araña (FA), cáscara de naranja (CN) y tabaco (T) siendo las soluciones principales al 100% (v/v) de su concentración como extracto. Luego se prepararon tres combinaciones de 50-50 % de las principales y la última formulación contentiva de las tres especies en 40-40-20%. Una vez obtenidos los plaguicidas se procedió a realizar su aplicación en campo aprovechando, área seleccionada, clima, presencia de plaga, cultivo aledaño, se realizó el conteo de plantas, seleccionando al azar 5 unidades infectadas por la plaga (pulgón). Se comprobó que mediante los métodos espectroscópicos de UV Visible e Infrarrojo (FTIR), determinar los principios activos de cada plaguicida.
Ge1−x
Sn
x
nanodots crystal nuclei for solid phase crystallization of poly-Si1−x−y
Ge
x
Sn
y
Authors: Shirai Yusei , Tatsuoka Hirokazu , Shimura Yosuke 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Solid phase crystallization of polycrystalline Si1−x−y
Ge
x
Sn
y
using Ge1−x
Sn
x
nanodots (Ge1−x
Sn
x
-ND) as crystal nuclei was examined. The effects of the substrate temperature and the ratio of the deposited Ge and Sn on the dot size, the coverage, and the substitutional Sn content in the Ge1−x
Sn
x
-ND were investigated. Lowering the deposition temperature increased the coverage and the substitutional Sn content of the Ge1−x
Sn
x
-ND. Crystallization of Si deposited on the Ge1−x
Sn
x
-ND was confirmed at the deposition temperature of 150 °C. The Si content was higher when Si was deposited on nanodots with higher coverage, and the Si and Sn contents in the poly-Si1−x−y
Ge
x
Sn
y
layer were estimated to be as high as 36.3% and 4.2%, respectively, after annealing at 225 °C for 30 min.
CdSe quantum dot formation induced by electron beam irradiation
Authors: Akimoto Ryoichi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The formation of quantum dots (QDs) induced by electron beam irradiation onto a highly strained CdSe layer on ZnSe (001) is investigated. In situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction is used for dual purposes: QD formation by electron beam irradiation and monitoring the progress of surface morphology. QD formation is confirmed by observation of nanoscale three-dimensional islands using transmission electron microscopy. It is also verified by imaging of an isolated single QD emission at room temperature by photoluminescence microscopy. Electron beam irradiation increases QD size both in height and lateral directions, resulting in the shift of emission from green to yellow spectral region.
Chemically vapor deposited oxide-based thick film scintillators
Authors: Ito Akihiko , Matsumoto Shogen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Radiation detection and imaging are used for nondestructive testing in the field of production technology, diagnosis and treatment in the medical field, and security activities at airports and nuclear facilities. To improve sensitivity and resolution in radiation detection and imaging, light scattering and self-absorption in scintillator media should be suppressed. Thick film scintillators with a thickness of several tens of micrometers have recently attracted attention; however, mechanical thinning of single crystal bulk or sintered polycrystalline transparent ceramics is costly. In this review, we discuss advantages of thick film scintillators for α-particle detection and X-ray imaging with numerical simulations and introduce a novel process that enables direct and rapid synthesis of thick film scintillators of tungsten- and lutetium-based practical oxide materials using a chemical vapor deposition method.
Digital strategizing of industrial systems based on sustainable eco-innovation and circular business models in the context of the transition to Industry 5.0
Authors: Glukhov V. V. , Babkin A. B. , Shkarupeta E. V. 
Published: November 2022

Aim. The presented study aims to develop a theoretical basis and a conceptual approach to the digital strategizing of industrial systems based on the paradigm of sustainable eco-innovation development, circular business models, and the transformational impact of Industry 5.0 technologies.Tasks. The authors propose a theoretical basis for digital strategizing; formulate definitions of digital strategy and digital strategizing of industrial systems; highlight the conceptual domain of digital strategizing; systematize the tools of digital strategizing based on eco-innovation and circular business models in the context of the transition to Industry 5.0 within the framework of the sustainable development paradigm.Methods. This study uses assessment review to synthesize existing literature on digital transformation and strategy practice based on an eight-step guide for conducting an independent systematic literature review.Results. The theoretical basis of digital strategizing is based on the co-evolution of approaches and schools of strategy. A distinction is drawn between the concepts of information systems strategizing and digital strategizing, digitalization strategies, digital transformation, and digital strategies. Original definitions of digital strategy and digital strategizing of industrial systems are proposed. A multi-perspective conceptual approach to the digital strategizing of industrial systems based on the integration of technologies, people, and various processes is developed. Relevant tools for the digital strategizing of industrial systems are developed.Conclusions. In the context of the transition to Industry 5.0, the introduction of digital technologies in industrial systems is necessary, but it does not seem sufficient for success in the digital environment. Digital strategizing requires changing existing and/or creating new business models based on mindset transformation into a new way of working that would allow industrial systems to innovate using technology. Strategic imperatives that should serve as the basis for new business models for the digital strategizing of industrial systems include eco-innovation and circular business models within the framework of the sustainable development paradigm, as well as business models of Industry 5.0.
Non-resource exports of developed and developing countries: Major support measures and challenges of the current stage
Authors: Yakovlev I. A. , Kabir L. S. , Barashenkov V. V. 
Published: November 2022

Aim. The presented study aims to form an objective idea of factors affecting the system of support for non-resource exports and ensuring the validity of decisions.Tasks. The authors summarize the main ways of supporting non-resource exports of developed and developing countries; analyze changes in the international regulation of export activities associated with the formation of national support systems for commodity producers; systematize major opportunities for supporting export credits.Methods. This study analyzes the practices of export credit agencies in various countries in the context of opportunities provided to foreign trade participants; identifies problem areas typical for the current stage of development of trade relations; draws attention to emerging contradictions in the field of support for national non-resources exports by countries.Results. It is shown that the participants of the Arrangement on Officially Supported Export Credits (OECD) operate in an extremely aggressive, yet increasingly unmanageable environment. To secure export contracts, both the domestic industry and the export credit agencies of the OECD member countries should enhance competitiveness by following the rules of the trading system. Otherwise, they risk upsetting the balance on the playing field and hinder sustainable development.Conclusions. The participants of the OECD Arrangement face a difficult tactical choice: either to take a strong position in support of competition both within the country and within international organizations (WTO, OECD), or to develop their own export credit programs that are not related to the OECD Arrangement. The first option, although preferable in terms of ensuring economic efficiency, long-term competitiveness, and sustainable development, may lead to a reduced role of export credit agencies.
STATUS HUKUM PERUBAHAN GARIS PANGKAL PANTAI AKIBAT PERUBAHAN IKLIM DALAM HUKUM LAUT INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Viana Abilio Silvino 
Published: November 2022

Abstrak<br />Perubahan iklim merupakan fenomena universal yang dapat mempengaruhi seluruh aspek kehidupan di bumi termasuk bagi manusia dan lingkungannya. Salah satu dampak perubahan iklim yang terus menjadi perbincangan masyarakat internasional yaitu naiknya permukaan air laut. Naiknya permukaan air laut dapat mengancam eksistensi negara pantai, negara kepulauan, dan negara lain yang memiliki kepentingan terkait laut. Hal ini dikarenakan wilayah daratan menjadi semakin sempit bahkan berpotensi akan tenggelam. Masalah lebih lanjut dan yang paling signifikan yaitu jika pada pulau tersebut telah ditempatkan titik-titik koordinat yang digunakan untuk melakukan pengukuran garis pangkal pantai (coasted baseline). Peristiwa ini tentu akan mengakibatkan bergeser dan tenggelamnyanya garis pangkal pantai sehingga memengaruhi pengaturan negara pantai terkait posisi batas-batas maritimnya. Terutama mengenai perubahan fisik yang terjadi pada garis pantai, seperti penentuan laut teritorial dan zona-zona laut lain yang mengikutinya. Dengan adanya fenomena ini dapat menimbulkan problem sekaligus tantangan baru bagi hukum internasional utamanya dalam hukum laut internasional tentang status hukum terkait pegaturan garis pangkal pantai jika terjadi pergeseran dan perubahan titik-titik pengukuran garis pantai. Mengingat bahwa dalam UNCLOS 1982 masih belum terdapat ketentuan yang dapat dijadikn rujukan apabila suatu negara mengalami perubahan garis pangkal pantai akibat perubahan iklim. Dalam penelitian hukum ini, tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum doktrinal atau doctrinal research. Penelitian hukum doctrinal adalah penelitian yang memberikan penjelasan sistematis aturan yang mengatur suatu kategori hukum tertentu, menganalisis hubungan antara peraturan, menjelaskan kesulitan dan mungkin memrediksi pembangunan hukum di masa depan.<br /><p> </p><p> </p>
PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PERIKATAN TERHADAP PEMENUHAN PERJANJIAN MELALUI PEMBAYARAN NON TUNAI
Authors: Endah Anggraeni 
Published: November 2022

<span lang="EN-US">Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pembaharuan hukum perikatan terhadap pemenuhan perjanjian melalui pembayaran non tunai. </span><span lang="IN">Pembayaran non-tunai </span><span lang="EN-US">dibutuhkan m</span><span lang="IN">asyarakat </span><span lang="EN-US">karena</span><span lang="IN"> lebih praktis dan efisien</span><span lang="EN-US">yaitu dilakukan dengan cara </span><span lang="IN">transfer</span><span lang="IN">langsung</span><span lang="IN">(<em>electronic</em></span><em><span lang="IN"> funds</span><span lang="IN">transfer</span></em><span lang="IN">),</span><span lang="IN">menggunakan</span><span lang="IN">kartu</span><span lang="IN">pembayaran</span><span lang="IN">(<em>payment</em></span><em><span lang="IN">card</span></em><span lang="IN">),</span><span lang="IN">menggunakan</span><span lang="IN">uang elektronik </span><span lang="IN">(<em>electronic </em></span><em><span lang="IN">money</span></em><span lang="IN">) </span><span lang="IN">dan <span>uang digital (<em>digital money</em>)</span></span><span lang="EN-US">. </span><span lang="EN-US">Sedangkan pembayaran secara tunai harus ada penyerahan nyata uang kartal. Keuntungan pembayaran non tunai </span><span lang="IN"> dengan mudah </span><span lang="EN-US">dapat </span><span lang="IN">melacak riwayat transaksi secara transparan</span><span lang="EN-US"> sehingga</span><span lang="IN"> mengurangi transaksi tunai </span><span lang="EN-US">yang </span><span lang="IN">ilegal</span><span lang="EN-US">. Namun pembayaran non tunai belum dikenal masyarakat secara umum karena </span><span lang="IN">tidak semua orang memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup dalam melakukan </span><span lang="EN-US">aktifitas pembayaran menggunakan tehnologi digital yang berkembang saat ini, disamping itu juga tidak dikenal dalam pengaturan pemenuhan perjanjian yang terdapat dalam Kitab Undang Undang Hukum Perdata. Oleh karena itu perlu ada pembaharuan hukum perikatan berkaitan dengan pemenuhan perjanjian agar dapat memberikan perlindungan dan kepastian hukum bagi masyarakat.</span>
Korelasi Negara Kesejahteraan Dengan Demokratisasi Kehidupan Masyarakat sebagai Wujud Negara Paripurna
Authors: Syahnaz Aniken Yustisia 
Published: November 2022

<p>Negara Kesejahteraan merupakan Negara yang menitikberatkan pada Kesejahteraan Warga negara. Negara memiliki peranan aktif karena Warga Negara Merupakan Subjek Negara Bukan objek . Landasan Dasar bagi Indonesia dalam pemenuhan Kesejahteraan bagi Wrga Negaranya sendiri adalah berlandaskan pada Pancasila dan Undang- Undang Dasar. Permasalahan dalam Penelitian ini adalah Bagaimanakah Negara Kesejahteraan dan Negara Paripurna? serta Bagaimanakah Hubungan Demokratisasi Kehidupan Masyarakat dalam Negara Kesejahteraan dan Negara Paripurna?. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Studi Kepustakaan. Kesimpulan dalam Penelitian ini adalah Negara Kesejahteraan dan Hubungan Demokratisasi Masyarakat erat kaitannya dengan Terwujudnya Negara Paripurna yang hadir untuk Masyarakat dengan mengutamakan Kesejahteraan Warga Negaranya. Saran dalam Penelitian ini adalah dalam mewujdukan Negara Paripurna yang harus diperhatikan kesejahteraan warga negara dan pemenuhan hak- hak warga negaranya, maka Negara dalam mengeluarkan kebijakan harus sesuai dengan Cita-cita dan Tujuan Negara yang termuat didalam Undang- Undang Dasar 1945 dan Pancasila sebagai Dasar Negara.</p>
An Efficient Method for the Experimental Characterization of Periodic Multilayer Mirrors: A Global Optimization Approach
Authors: Mikki Said 
Published: November 2022

<p> This study proposes a new approach to periodic multilayer mirrors (PMMs) characterizations based on measured X-ray reflectivity (XRR) data. Here, XRR data are used to reconstruct the internal structure of PMMs using grazing incidence X-ray reflectivity (GIXR). A mathematical model of electromagnetic wave reflection by PMMs is employed to implement forward prediction, which will then be used iteratively in a global optimization framework in order to reconstruct the PMM unknown structure parameters. A typical simulation of PMM often includes tens to thousands of unknown structure parameters, rendering standard curve fitting methods cumbersome and impractical. To make the PMM characterization method computationally feasible, this study combines implementation of the Levy flight particle swarm optimization (LFPSO) algorithm with a parallelized version of the electromagnetic solver X-Ray Calc in order to simplify the model parameter reconstruction process. Levy flight, a random walk wherein the Levy distribution is used to determine step size, is a more efficient search strategy for global optimization because of the long jumps made by the particles. It is demonstrated that a PMM model with up to thousands of structure parameters can be reconstructed within several seconds on a regular workstation. The algorithm is tested with both measured and theoretical XRR data using in-house fabricated PMMs with known structures. Excellent agreement with the actual structures is observed, which is attained in short computation time. The new approach avoids manual curve fitting and simplified GIXR analysis and is observed to scale linearly with the size of the PMM structure, making it attractive for X-ray optics systems involving large-and-complex reflecting mirrors. </p>
نزع السلاح الالماني بعد الحرب العالمية الأولى-دراسة في جذور المشكلة الالمانية
Authors: عبد علي عماد , ناظم زينب 
Published: November 2022

شكل سباق التسلح البحري والبري سبباً مهماً في توتر العلاقات الدولية, اذ شهدت المدة بعد عام 1870 تنافساً وتسلحاً خطيرين بين دولها الكبرى. وبدأ سباق التسلح البري بين المانيا وفرنسا بعد حرب السبعين عام 1870, وظل مستمراً بينهما ليبلغ ذروته عام 1913, عندما صدرت قوانين عسكرية جديدة ذات طابع هجومي أكثر منه دفاعي, عززت القوة الهجومية في كل من الدولتين. واتخذت الحكومة الالمانية مساراً للتسلح الالماني البحري حينما اتخذت قراراً عام 1897, بإنشاء اسطول بحري حربي مهيئ للقيام بمناورات وعمليات عسكرية في بحر الشمال بين الشواطئ الالمانية والبريطانية.
واقتضت طبيعة الموضوع تقسيمه على مبحثين، تناول الأول نزع السلاح الالماني في هدنة تشرين الثاني عام 1918، في حين تناول الثاني نزع السلاح الالماني في معاهدة فرساي عام 1919.
El problema de la adopción y el estatus normativo de la lógica
Authors: Chamorro Sergio Adrián 
Published: November 2022

La lógica, tal como sostienen algunos autores, es una disciplina normativa. Nos dice qué está bien y qué está mal a la hora de inferir, e influye en nuestras prácticas inferenciales. Por otro lado, el problema de la adopción de Kripke y Padró propone que la idea de adoptar principios lógicos no tiene sentido o no es posible. Mediante una comparación con distintas interpretaciones de la idea de normatividad en la lógica, analizaré la compatibilidad entre ambas posturas. La aparente desconexión entre lo que es correcto y las prácticas de los agentes, sumada a la impotencia de las normas para influir en las prácticas inferenciales, llevarán a una conclusión poco alentadora para quienes quieran sostener ambas posturas: si aceptamos que el problema de la adopción es un problema real, entonces hay que borrar todo rastro de normatividad de nuestra concepción de la lógica.
Aktininė keratozė – ikinavikinė odos liga. Literatūros apžvalga
Authors: Sniečkutė Ieva , Sakalauskienė Ilona 
Published: November 2022

Aktininė keratozė (toliau – AK) – ikivėžinis odos susirgimas, pasireiškiantis kūno spalvos (rusvomis) šiurkščiomis arba pleiskanojančiomis dėmelėmis arba plokštelėmis. Dažniausiai jos susiformuoja saulės nepridengtose kūno vietose (veido, dažniausiai – nosies, viršugalvio, ausų odoje). Svarbiausias rizikos veiksnys – ilgalaikis ultravioletinių (toliau – UV) saulės spindulių poveikis. UVA spindulių sukeltas fotooksidacinis stresas netiesiogiai skatina keratinocitų DNR mutacijų atsiradimą, o UVB spinduliai tiesiogiai pažeidžia DNR ir RNR. Tinkamo gydymo metodo parinkimas – individualus procesas, kuris priklauso nuo AK lokalizacijos, pažaidų daugybiškumo, paciento amžiaus ir kt. Gydymas skirstomas į vietinį medikamentinį ir destrukcinį. Esant pavieniams AK atvejams, rekomenduojama rinktis destrukcinius metodus: krioterapiją ir kiuretažą su (be) elektrokoaguliacija. Kiuretažui pirmenybę reikėtų teikti, esant storoms, hiperkeratozinėms AK. Lazeris ir ekscizija – antrojo pasirinkimo metodai, gydant rezistentiškus arba recidyvuojančius AK atvejus. Jei odos pažeidimas kelia įtarimą dėl galimo piktybėjimo, būtina atlikti pažeistos vietos biopsiją arba eksciziją. Kai nustatomos dauginės AK, jas gydyti derėtų vietinio poveikio medikamentais (0,5 proc., 5 proc. 5-fluorouracilu (toliau – 5-FU), 3,75 proc., 5 proc. imikvimodu ir 0,015 proc., 0,05 proc. ingenolio mebutatu) ir fotodinamine terapija (toliau – FDT). Iki 20 proc. atvejų AK progresuoja į plokščiųjų ląstelių karcinomą (toliau – PLK), todėl jas būtina gydyti.