bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Walking as a cultural act and a profit for the landscape. A case study in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Somoza Medina Xosé , Lois González Rubén C. , Somoza Medina Marta 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWalking as a means of travel, when done voluntarily, becomes a cultural act that can have a beneficial effect both for the people who carry out the routes and for the space itself that is walked on. The fact of moving at a slow speed allow us to recover a more appropriate pace to enjoy the landscape, to reconnect with nature and with the position of human in the world, while improving our health. In contemporary society, some cultural tourist routes have become successful destinations, with the continuous arrival of thousands of visitors throughout the year. Thus, the historical cultural route Way of St. James has become a globally successful cultural tourism product. Close to this destination, the Ribeira Sacra, that has been recently designated by the regional government as a Cultural Landscape, with the intention of preserving its historical legacy, may be in the future a privileged destination in Galicia for walking. The research carried out allows us to ensure that this fact, taking long walks following routes with a rich cultural content, has a positive impact on the space from two different processes that are reinforced as the routes become more popular. First, from the recovery and promotion of an alternative communication network between different places. And second, through a series of laws and regulations that protect historic trails and adjacent landscapes.
Critical scaling of lattice polymers confined to a box without endpoint restriction
Authors: Bradly C. J. , Owczarek A. L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe study self-avoiding walks on the square lattice restricted to a square box of side L weighted by a length fugacity without restriction of their end points. This is a natural model of a confined polymer in dilute solution such as polymers in mesoscopic pores. The model admits a phase transition between an ‘empty’ phase, where the average length of walks are finite and the density inside large boxes goes to zero, to a ‘dense’ phase, where there is a finite positive density. We prove various bounds on the free energy and develop a scaling theory for the phase transition based on the standard theory for unconstrained polymers. We compare this model to unrestricted walks and walks that whose endpoints are fixed at the opposite corners of a box, as well as Hamiltonian walks. We use Monte Carlo simulations to verify predicted values for three key exponents: the density exponent $$\alpha =1/2$$

α
=
1
/
2

, the finite size crossover exponent $$1/\nu =4/3$$

1
/
ν
=
4
/
3

and the critical partition function exponent $$2-\eta =43/24$$

2
-
η
=
43
/
24

. This implies that the theoretical framework relating them to the unconstrained SAW problem is valid.
Modeling supply chain viability and adaptation against underload cascading failure during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Liu Hong , Han Yunyan , Zhu Anding 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSupply chain viability concerns the entire supply system rather than one company or one single chain to survive COVID-19 disruptions. Mobility restriction and overall demand decline lead to systematically cascading disruptions that are more severe and longer lasting than those caused by natural disasters and political conflicts. In the present study, the authors find that large companies and manufacturers with traditional advantages suffer greater losses than small ones, which is conceptualized as the “Hub Paradox” by empirically investigating one Warp Knitting Industrial Zone of China. An underload cascading failure model is employed to simulate supply chain viability under disruptions. Numerical simulations demonstrate that when the load decreases beyond a threshold, the viability will drop down critically. Besides, supply chain viability depends on two aspects: the adaptive capability of the manufacturers themselves and the adaptive capability of the connections of the supply network. The comparison study demonstrates that enhancing cooperative relations between hub and non-hub manufacturers will facilitate the entire supply network viability. The present study sheds light on viable supply chain management. Compared with conventionally linear or resilient supply chains, intertwined supply networks can leverage viability with higher adaptation of redistributing production capacities among manufacturers to re-establish overall scale advantages. Finally, the present study also suggests solving the “Hub Paradox” from the perspective of complex adaptive system.
Impact of photon recycling on the light extraction from metal halide perovskite light emitting diodes
Authors: Aeberhard Urs , Zeder Simon J. , Ruhstaller Beat 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe impact of photon recycling on the efficiency of light extraction from metal halide perovskite light emitting diodes is quantified using a novel modelling framework based on a detailed-balance compatible Green dyad approach. Analysis of photon modes contributing to internal emission and iterative evaluation of re-absorption and re-emission processes is performed for single perovskite layers in absence and presence of a metallic reflector and under consideration of associated parasitic absorption losses. Finally, the approach is employed to characterize the emission characteristics of a realistic multilayer device stack in dependence of the emitter thickness.
Towards the description of charge transfer states in solubilised LHCII using subsystem DFT
Authors: Sen Souloke , Visscher Lucas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLight harvesting complex II (LHCII) in plants and green algae have been shown to adapt their absorption properties, depending on the concentration of sunlight, switching between a light harvesting and a non-harvesting or quenched state. In a recent work, combining classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with quantum chemical calculations (Liguori et al. in Sci Rep 5:15661, 2015) on LHCII, it was shown that the Chl611–Chl612 cluster of the terminal emitter domain can play an important role in modifying the spectral properties of the complex. In that work the importance of charge transfer (CT) effects was highlighted, in re-shaping the absorption intensity of the chlorophyll dimer. Here in this work, we investigate the combined effect of the local excited (LE) and CT states in shaping the energy landscape of the chlorophyll dimer. Using subsystem Density Functional Theory over the classical $$\mu$$
μ
s MD trajectory we look explicitly into the excitation energies of the LE and the CT states of the dimer and their corresponding couplings. Upon doing so, we observe a drop in the excitation energies of the CT states, accompanied by an increase in the couplings between the LE/LE and the LE/CT states facilitated by a shorter interchromophoric distance upon equilibration. Both these changes in conjunction, effectively produces a red-shift of the low-lying mixed exciton/CT states of the supramolecular chromophore pair.
Assessment of forest dieback on the Moroccan Central Plateau using spectral vegetation indices
Authors: Dallahi Youssef , Boujraf Amal , Meliho Modeste , Orlando Collins Ashianga 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCork oak forests in Morocco are rich in resources and services thanks to their great biological diversity, playing an important ecological and socioeconomic role. Considerable degradation of the forests has been accentuated in recent years by significant human pressure and effects of climate change; hence, the health of the stands needs to be monitored. In this study, the Google Engine Earth platform was leveraged to extract the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil-adjusted vegetation index, from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite images between 2015 and 2017 to assess the health of the Sibara Forest in Morocco. Our results highlight the importance of interannual variations in NDVI in forest monitoring; the variations had a significantly high relationship (p < 0.001) with dieback severity. NDVI was positively and negatively correlated with mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature with respective coefficients of 0.49 and − 0.67, highlighting its ability to predict phenotypic changes in forest species. Monthly interannual variation in NDVI between 2016 and 2017 seemed to confirm field observations of cork oak dieback in 2018, with the largest decreases in NDVI (up to − 38%) in December in the most-affected plots. Analysis of the influence of ecological factors on dieback highlighted the role of substrate as a driver of dieback, with the most severely affected plots characterized by granite-granodiorite substrates.
Whole-Ecosystem Experiment Illustrates Short Timescale Hydrodynamic, Light, and Nutrient Control of Primary Production in a Terminal Slough
Authors: Loken Luke C. , Sadro Steven , Lenoch Leah E. K. , Stumpner Paul R. , Dahlgren Randy A. , Burau Jon R. , Van Nieuwenhuyse Erwin E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Estuaries are among the most productive of aquatic ecosystems. Yet the collective understanding of patterns and drivers of primary production in estuaries is incomplete, in part due to complex hydrodynamics and multiple controlling factors that vary at a range of temporal and spatial scales. A whole-ecosystem experiment was conducted in a deep, pelagically dominated terminal channel of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (California, USA) that seasonally appears to become nitrogen limited, to test whether adding calcium nitrate would stimulate primary productivity or increase phytoplankton density. Production did not respond consistently to fertilization, in part because nitrate and phytoplankton were dispersed away from the manipulated area within 1–3 days. Temporal and spatial patterns of gross primary production were more strongly related to stratification and light availability (i.e., turbidity) than nitrogen, highlighting the role of hydrodynamics in regulating system production. Similarly, chlorophyll was positively related not only to stratification but also to nitrogen—with a positive interaction—suggesting stratification may trigger nutrient limitation. The average rate of primary production (4.3 g O2 m−2 d−1), metabolic N demand (0.023 mg N L−1 d−1), and ambient dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentration (0.03 mg N L−1) indicate that nitrogen can become limiting in time and space, especially during episodic stratification events when phytoplankton are isolated within the photic zone, or farther upstream where water clarity increases, dispersive flux decreases, and stratification is stronger and more frequent. The role of hydrodynamics in organizing habitat connectivity and regulating physical and chemical processes at multiple temporal and spatial scales is critical for determining resource availability and evaluating biogeochemical processes in estuaries.
The first fossil false click beetle larva preserved in amber
Authors: Zippel Ana , Haug Carolin , Müller Patrick , Haug Joachim T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe report a new and unusual beetle larva preserved in ca. 100 million-year-old Kachin amber. Larvae of many modern lineages of beetles are associated with wood, breaking it into smaller pieces or directly digesting it. With such a lifestyle, beetle larvae are important for carbon cycling. We can assume that this is not only the case in modern ecosystems, but was similar in the past. Yet, wood-associated beetle larvae seem so far rare in Kachin amber despite its otherwise rich record of many different ecotypes. Only recently, solid-wood-boring larvae and those living in decaying wood have been reported from this amber deposit. Larvae of the group Eucnemidae, false click beetles, which are also wood-associated, have so far been only known from sedimentary rock deposits. Here we report the first larva of a false click beetle preserved in amber. The fossil larva combines features of different modern lineages of Eucnemidae in a unique morphology that is not known in the modern fauna. The fossil adds to the growing number of wood-associated holometabolan larvae in Kachin amber and with this contributes to a more complete view on this now extinct community and ecosystem.
Creative actions in team sports are rooted in motor skills rather than in a divergent thinking ability
Authors: Zahno Stephan , Hossner Ernst-Joachim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCreative actions are considered decisive in team sports. In most empirical studies on the topic so far, creativity has been understood as a player’s divergent thinking (DT) ability. Sport-specific DT has been assessed by the number, variety and originality of ideas a player is able to generate in response to game situations. Numerous studies indicate that DT can be improved with training. However, the fundamental assumption that enhanced DT transfers to creative on-field actions has yet to be examined. Alternatively, we argue that players’ potential to perform creative actions is foremost rooted in their motor-skill repertoire rather than in DT. In a field-based experiment, predictions deduced from both explanations were put to test. Elite youth football players participated in training interventions to enhance either football-specific DT (DT group) or their motor-skill repertoire (functional skills; FS group). Before and after the interventions, we assessed players’ football-specific DT as well as the functionality and creativity of actions performed on-field using expert ratings. As expected, in DT, the DT group improved more than the FS group. On the field, however, improvements in DT did not manifest in more creative actions. Rather, the FS group showed more pronounced improvements not only in the functionality but also in the creativity of on-field actions. This pattern of results challenges the so far predominant theoretical framework for creativity in sports. For sports practice, our findings suggest that on-field creativity is better fostered by enhancing players’ motor skills—and thus expanding their own action repertoire—than by improving DT.
New software to analyze hydraulic incidents in Algeria
Authors: Ali Rahmani Salah Eddine , Chibane Brahim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFifteen percent of the total volume produced is lost, which has become a major problem for water resource management in Algeria. The number of high leakages reduces the performance of the drinking water supply network. The disturbance of the drinking water supply observed by the citizens resulted from several incidents occurring mainly on the axis of production or distribution (e.g., breakage, leakage, pollution, electrical problems, and drought). To manage these incidents and for water distribution monitoring in the high-level strategic plan, monitoring and control software was developed for the Algerian Water Company (ADE). This software is an essential tool that helps managers of water resources to monitor the water supply situation throughout the national territory to ameliorate water public services. This dynamic software has been in use since 2016.
Teacher of mathematics identity as a predictor of teacher wellbeing
Authors: Yeigh Tony , Willis Royce , James Sarah , Lake Warren , Lynch David , Peddell Lewes , Knight Bruce , Lee Megan , Samojlowicz Darius 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article reports on original research investigating teacher wellbeing while teaching mathematics in relation to teacher identity. Using survey data from mathematics teachers (N = 402) participating in a teacher of mathematics support initiative, teacher wellbeing was operationally defined as the experience of wellbeing whilst teaching, allowing an applied understanding of wellbeing in relation to the activity of teaching. Teacher identity was construed from prior research by the authors (Willis et al., in: Math Educ Res J, 10.1007/s13394-021-00391-w, 2021) and operationalised for the current study in terms of a specific teacher of mathematics identity (ToMI) construct. The main research question for this investigation was directed at how well the ToMI construct, as a wellbeing variable, was able to predict teacher wellbeing while teaching, viewed as an ‘in situ’ or ‘active’ (applied) measure of wellbeing. Identity-Based Motivation (IBM) theory was used to frame the research, as it helps explain how the degree of congruency between identity and wellbeing may influence motivation to teach. Results indicated that although several important factors relate significantly to teacher of mathematics wellbeing, the ToMI construct predicted teacher wellbeing far above the ability of all other study factors combined, suggesting that a focus on the development of a professional identity for teachers is fundamental to the support of teacher wellbeing in schools. Suggestions for investigating this focus at the school level are also provided.
Optimized strain performance in <001>-textured Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based ceramics with ergodic relaxor state and core—shell microstructure
Authors: Zhou Xuefan , Yang Huiping , Xue Guoliang , Luo Hang , Zhang Dou 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHerein, a high strain of ∼0.3% with a small hysteresis of 43% is achieved at a low electric field of 4 kV/mm in the highly <001>-textured 0.97(0.76Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3−0.24SrTiO3)−0.03NaNbO3 (BNT−ST−0.03NN) ceramics with an ergodic relaxor (ER) state, leading to a large normalized strain (d33*) of 720 pm/V. The introduction of NN templates into BNT−ST induces the grain orientation growth and enhances the ergodicity. The highly <001>-textured BNT−ST−0.03NN ceramics display a pure ergodic relaxor state with coexisted ferroelectric $$R\bar 3c$$

R

3
¯

c

and antiferroelectric P4bm polar nanoregions (PNRs) on nanoscale. Moreover, due to the incomplete interdiffusion between the NN template and BNT−ST matrix, the textured ceramics present a core-shell structure with the antiferroelectric NN core, and thus the BNT-based matrix owns more $$R\bar 3c$$

R

3
¯

c

PNRs relative to the homogeneous nontextured samples. The high <001> crystallographic texture and more $$R\bar 3c$$

R

3
¯

c

PNRs both facilitate the relaxor-to-ferroelectric transition, leading to the low-field-driven high strain, while the ergodic relaxor state ensures a small hysteresis. Furthermore, the d33* value remains high up to 518 pm/V at 100 °C with an ultra-low hysteresis of 6%.
Substitution and size effect for factor demand revisited
Authors: Bröcker Johannes , Requate Till 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe reconsider the decomposition of the comparative statics effect of a factor price increase on (unconditional) factor demand into a substitution and a size (or level) effect. While for the own price effect the substitution effect and the size effect go into the same negative direction, the cross price effect cannot be signed unambiguously, in general. But for two cases of regularity, homotheticity and complementarity, the size effect is negative. We furthermore show by example that in both special cases the cross substitution effects are still ambiguous, but that under complementarity the unconditional effect is always negative. Hence, if the cross substitution effect happens to be positive, it is dominated by the negative size effect in this case. We further show by example that without such regularity assumptions the cross price effect is ambiguous. Finally, we study the impact of a factor price increase on the cost, which can also increase or decrease.
Influence of structural depth of laser-patterned steel surfaces on the solid lubricity of carbon nanoparticle coatings
Authors: Maclucas Timothy , Daut Lukas , Grützmacher Philipp , Guitar Maria Agustina , Presser Volker , Gachot Carsten , Suarez Sebastian , Mücklich Frank 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCarbon nanoparticle coatings on laser-patterned stainless-steel surfaces present a solid lubrication system where the pattern’s recessions act as lubricant-retaining reservoirs. This study investigates the influence of the structural depth of line patterns coated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon onions (COs) on their respective potential to reduce friction and wear. Direct laser interference patterning (DLIP) with a pulse duration of 12 ps is used to create line patterns with three different structural depths at a periodicity of 3.5 µm on AISI 304 steel platelets. Subsequently, electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is applied to form homogeneous carbon nanoparticle coatings on the patterned platelets. Tribological ball-on-disc experiments are conducted on the as-described surfaces with an alumina counter body at a load of 100 mN. The results show that the shallower the coated structure, the lower its coefficient of friction (COF), regardless of the particle type. Thereby, with a minimum of just below 0.20, CNTs reach lower COF values than COs over most of the testing period. The resulting wear tracks are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. During friction testing, the CNTs remain in contact, and the immediate proximity, whereas the CO coating is largely removed. Regardless of structural depth, no oxidation occurs on CNT-coated surfaces, whereas minor oxidation is detected on CO-coated wear tracks.
Water-immersion softening mechanism of coal rock mass based on split Hopkinson pressure bar experiment
Authors: Liu Zhiyuan , Wang Gang , Li Jinzhou , Li Huaixing , Zhao Haifeng , Shi Hongwei , Lan Jianli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe coal mining process is affected by various water sources such as groundwater and coal seam water injection. Understanding the dynamic mechanical parameters of water-immersed coal is helpful for coalmine safe production. The impact compression tests were performed on coal with different moisture contents by using the ϕ50 mm Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) experimental system, and the dynamic characteristics and energy loss laws of water-immersed coal with different compositions and water contents were analyzed. Through analysis and discussion, it is found that: (1) When the moisture content of the coal sample is 0%, 30%, 60%, the stress, strain rate and energy first increase and then decrease with time. (2) When the moisture content of the coal sample increases from 30% to 60%, the stress “plateau” of the coal sample becomes more obvious, resulting in an increase in the compressive stress stage and a decrease in the expansion stress stage. (3) The increase of moisture content of the coal sample will affect its impact deformation and failure mode. When the moisture content is 60%, the incident rod end and the transmission rod end of the coal sample will have obvious compression failure, and the middle part of the coal sample will also experience expansion and deformation. (4) The coal composition ratio suitable for the coal immersion softening impact experiment is optimized.