bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intergenerational transmission of lifetime stressor exposure in adolescent girls at differential maternal risk for depression
Authors: Murphy Michael L. M. , Sichko Stassja , Bui Theresa Q. , Libowitz Mark R. , Shields Grant S. , Slavich George M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveAdolescent girls who grow up with mothers who are depressed are themselves highly vulnerable to developing depression (i.e., “intergenerational transmission of depression”). Stressor exposure is a strong risk factor for depression, and the transmission of depression risk from mothers to daughters is partly due to mothers experiencing more stressors, increasing daughters' stressor burden. However, research in this area has only assessed recent stressors, making the role of cumulative lifetime stressors unclear.MethodTo address this issue, we recruited 52 dyads of mothers and adolescent daughters, of which 22 daughters were at high maternal risk for depression. Participants completed diagnostic interviews, and daughters additionally self‐reported their depressive symptoms. Participants also completed the Stress and Adversity Inventory, a new‐generation instrument for assessing cumulative lifetime history of acute and chronic stressors based on the contextual threat approach. We tested moderated mediation models evaluating the conditional indirect effects of mothers' lifetime stressors on high‐ versus low‐risk daughters' depressive symptoms through daughters' lifetime stressors.ResultsAs hypothesized, mothers of high‐risk (but not low‐risk) adolescent daughters who reported more lifetime acute stressors had daughters who reported more lifetime acute stressors and current depressive symptoms. Moreover, this finding was driven specifically by mothers' stressors occurring after their daughters' births. There was also tentative evidence that high‐risk daughters' lifetime chronic stressors potentiated the impact of daughters' acute stressors on their depressive symptoms.ConclusionThese findings provide new insights into how stressful contexts are transmitted intergenerationally.
Implementing routine outcome monitoring in the treatment of a patient with obsessive‐compulsive disorder
Authors: Gómez Beatriz , Fernández‐Álvarez Javier , García Fernando 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work presents a case study in which Cognitive‐Integrative psychotherapy was used to treat a patient with obsessive‐compulsive disorder with the implementation of routine outcome monitoring (ROM) at Aiglé Foundation in Argentina. The patient, a 34‐year‐old female with a university degree reports having obsessive ideas about dirt or pollution, causing harm to others, and religious and superstitious topics on a daily basis. The therapeutic process carried out during the first 17 psychotherapy sessions is described: construction of the therapeutic alliance, psychoeducation, and main interventions. The purpose of the article is to describe a case in which the measures' results did not show clinically relevant improvement even though the clinical indicators assessed by the therapist and the patient's subjective evaluation were positive. The article, shows the application of ROM during the supervision process, proposes interpretations of these results, and discusses decision‐making processes in the light of this discrepancy.
What determines Hong Kong South Asians' perceptions on COVID‐19 vaccine? Implications on culturally appropriate vaccine messages for ethnic minority community
Authors: Lai Angel Hor‐yan , Wang Johnson Zixin , Singh Akansha , Wong Eliza Lai‐yi , Wang Kailu , Yeoh Eng‐Kiong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGuided by the behavioral model of health service use, this study examined the effect of South Asians' perceptions of healthcare, religious belief, and socioeconomic status on their perceived benefits and risks of COVID‐19 vaccines (N = 245). Cross‐sectional survey was used. Logistic regressions results showed that higher levels of perceived involvement in South Asian community health and trust in the healthcare system were associated with higher odds of reporting perceived vaccine benefits. Permanent residents, students (vs. unemployed), and Pakistani (vs. Indians) also perceived the vaccine as beneficial. On the other hand, believing that the body was sacred and being Buddhist (vs. Hindu) were associated with higher odds of perceiving severe vaccination risk. Those who believed that God would cure COVID‐19 and those with higher education tended to perceive the vaccine as having a limited effect. Implications on designing culturally appropriate COVID‐19 vaccines messages in interethnic settings are discussed.
Struggles in the Orthodox Jewish shidduch dating system—A large‐scale qualitative analysis
Authors: Rosenbach Naomi , Sokol Yosef , Rosensweig Chayim , Bernstein Devorah , Salamon Michael J. , Schechter Isaac 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMarriage is an important life goal and is highly valued among Orthodox Jews. Shidduch dating refers to the arranged dating system that is typically used within the community. Previous research and anecdotal evidence suggest that the shidduch system has become difficult and challenging for many individuals, yet there is a dearth of evidence on the subject. This study set out to explore issues related to dating and marriage within the Orthodox Jewish community using a large sample size. Participants included 889 Orthodox individuals across diverse demographic groups who responded to an optional question within a larger survey inquiring about their thoughts and experiences on the subject. An inductive qualitative analysis was conducted, and this paper focuses on the seven most prevalent themes that emerged. These themes include issues related to superficial criteria in mate selection, gender segregation, perceived surplus of females, pressure to marry before feeling ready, the formal structure of shidduch dating, the exclusion of specific groups from the process and lack of education in areas of intimacy and sexuality. This study is important in promoting clinical awareness regarding the struggles that many Orthodox Jewish daters face and underscores the need for communal change addressing these issues.
Cerebellum neuropathology and motor skill deficits in fragile X syndrome
Authors: Chen Yu‐shan , Guo Liu , Han Man , Zhang Si‐ming , Chen Yi‐qi , Zou Jia , Bai Shu‐yuan , Cheng Gui‐rong , Zeng Yan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFragile X syndrome (FXS) is a leading form of inherited intellectual disability and single‐gene cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and is characterized by core deficits in cognitive flexibility, sensory sensitivity, emotion, and social interactions. Motor deficits are a shared feature of FXS and autism. The cerebellum has emerged as one of the target brain areas affected by neurodevelopmental diseases. Alterations in the cerebellar structure, circuits, and function may be the key drivers of impaired fine and gross motor skills in FXS and fragile X‐associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS). In this review, we briefly examined recent findings in FXS and present a discussion on the literature supporting motor skill deficits in FXS. Subsequently, we focused on neuropathological alterations in the cerebellum in FXS and FXTAS. We highlight studies that have directly examined the function of fragile X mental retardation protein and related epigenetic variations in the cerebellum. Overall, we obtained considerable supporting evidence for the hypothesis that cerebellar dysfunction is evident in FXS and FXTAS; however, compared with studies on other ASD models, studies on motor skills related to fragile X disorders are particularly rare and inconclusive. Hence, future research should address FXS‐related motor and behavioral trajectories and examine the underlying mechanisms at both the cell and circuit levels.
Student conceptions of problem and project based learning in engineering education: A phenomenographic investigation
Authors: Servant‐Miklos Virginie F. C. , Kolmos Anette 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundProblem‐oriented project work, also known as problem and project‐based learning (PBL), is a popular educational approach in engineering education. However, the focus of the literature on the implementation of PBL has been at the course and institutional levels. Scant attention has been paid to the student experience, especially regarding student conceptions of PBL.PurposeThis is a phenomenographic study of student conceptions of PBL in a Danish engineering program that uses a systemic PBL model.Design/methodThis study follows a phenomenographic qualitative design. Sixteen participants from four different engineering disciplines were asked to share their views and experiences with PBL. The interview transcripts were analyzed to identify emerging variations in the student conceptions of PBL.ResultsThe outcome space suggests three levels of students' conceptions of PBL: individual, group and society levels. Within the categories of description, sublevel variations appear: PBL as an unsupportive process and environment, PBL as a supportive process and environment, and PBL as a structured education method. These conceptions were organized hierarchically from a narrow individual to a broader society level.ConclusionsStudent conceptions of PBL as a structured education method echo the literature on the intended learning outcomes of PBL. However, our study shows that conceptions of PBL as personal and social processes fall outside of the scope of current scholarly discussions on PBL. Issues of societal relevance, while prominent in the literature on PBL, do not feature in students' thinking about PBL at this stage. Introducing broader reflection practices informed by exemplarity could address some of these discrepancies.
Autoantibodies in Wilson disease: Impact on clinical course
Authors: Antczak‐Kowalska Magdalena , Członkowska Anna , Eyileten Ceren , Palejko Anna , Cudna Agnieszka , Wolska Marta , Piechal Agnieszka , Litwin Tomasz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSymptoms of Wilson disease (WD) vary and additional factors such as autoimmunity may play an important role in WD pathogenesis. The presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, neuronal surface antibodies, and onconeural antibodies in WD was investigated using standardized indirect immunofluorescence assays and Western Blot analysis. The presence of all studied autoantibodies was higher in WD patients in comparison to healthy subjects, but there was no statistically significant difference in autoantibodies frequency according to disease manifestation. D‐penicillamine treatment was associated with a higher presence of ANA than zinc sulfate but without an increase in autoimmune diseases rate.
Trypanosoma evansi RoTat 1.2 variant surface antigen mimotopes selected by panning of the random peptide phage‐display library against monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Budania Savita , Dubey Abhishek , Singh Ajit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMimotope peptides of native antigens are valuable for diverse applications such as diagnostics, therapeutics and modern vaccine design. Here, we report for the first time the selection and identification of peptide mimotopes of Trypanosoma evansi RoTat 1.2 variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) for their potential uses in surra diagnostics and multi‐epitope vaccine research. First, we produced the mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), designated as 2E11 (IgG1) and 1C2 (IgG1), against the antigens in T. evansi RoTat 1.2 lysates. We then used 2E11 mAb to immunoprecipitate the target antigen. The immunoprecipitated antigen was then identified to be the VSG by mass spectrometry. Both 2E11 and 1C2 mAbs reacted with the VSG in immunoblots. The surface plasmon resonance immunosensors developed with both the mAbs detected VSG in the parasite lysates as well as in the rodent sera. Further, the mAbs were biotinylated and used in three rounds of panning to select peptide mimotopes from the random peptide phage display library (PhD‐12; New England Biolabs, USA). The phage clones selected against each mAb were amplified and tested by phage capture ELISA for specificity. The peptide coding regions of the selected phages were sequenced and the protein blast search of the deduced amino acid sequences was performed by accessing the non‐redundant protein database at https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/. The conformational B epitope prediction of the selected mimotope sequences was done by using 3D Pepitope algorithms accessed at: http://pepitope.tau.ac.il/. The potential applications of the selected mimotopes in surra diagnostics and research are being explored.
Interplay between cellular metabolism and DNA viruses
Authors: Zandi Milad , Shokri Somayeh , Mahmoudvand Shahab , Hosseinzadeh Adli Ahmad , Mohammadi Ramin , Haddadi Azita 
Published: July 2022

AbstractViruses as intracellular pathogens take over the host metabolism and reprogram to facilitate optimal virus production. DNA viruses can cause alterations in several metabolic pathways, including aerobic glycolysis also known as the Warburg effect, pentose phosphate pathway activation, and amino acid catabolism such as glutaminolysis, nucleotide biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis. The available energy for productive infection can be increased in infected cells via modification of different carbon source utilization. This review discusses the metabolic alterations of the DNA viruses that will be the basis for future novel therapeutic approaches.
CXCL1 confers a survival advantage in Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus‐infected human endothelial cells through STAT3 phosphorylation
Authors: Lee Myung‐Ju , Lee Jisu , Kang Su‐Kyung , Wirth Dagmar , Yoo Seung‐Min , Park Changhoon , Lee Myung‐Shin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMany cytokines produced by Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV)‐infected cells have been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of KSHV. Determination of the exact role of cytokines in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) pathogenesis is limited, however, by the difficulty to manipulate the target genes in human endothelial cells. In this study, we sought to elucidate the role of cytokines in KSHV‐infected human immortalized endothelial cell line (HuARLT cells) by knockout (KO) of the corresponding target genes using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The cytokine production profile of KSHV‐infected HuARLT cells was analyzed using a protein array, and several cytokines were found to be highly upregulated following KSHV infection. This study focused on CXCL1, which was investigated by knocked out in HuARLT cells. KSHV‐infected CXCL1 KO cells underwent increased cell death compared to KSHV‐infected wild‐type (WT) cells and mock‐infected CXCL1 KO cells. Lytic replication was not observed in KSHV‐infected WT nor CXCL1 KO cells. Phosphorylation of STAT3 was significantly suppressed in KSHV‐infected CXCL1 KO cells. Additionally, inhibitors of STAT3 and CXCL1 induced cell death in KSHV‐infected endothelial cells. Our results show that CXCL1 production is required for the survival of KSHV‐infected endothelial cells, and the CXCL1 to STAT3 phosphorylation signaling pathway may be a therapeutic target for KS.
A soluble DR5‐Fc chimeric protein attenuates inflammatory responses induced by coronavirus MHV‐A59 and SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Peng Hong , Zheng Birong , Yang Sidi , Du Jie , Cao Liu , Liu Lihong , Ma Zengyi , Wu Junyu , Li Chunmei , Zhang Hailong , Guo Deyin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients has been linked to the presence of a “cytokine storm” induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, which involves elevated levels of circulating cytokines and immune‐cell hyperactivation. Targeting cytokines during the management of COVID‐19 patients has the potential to improve survival rates and reduce mortality. Although cytokine blockers and immune‐host modulators are currently being tested in severely ill COVID‐19 patients to cope with the overwhelming systemic inflammation, there is not too many successful cases, thus finding new cytokine blockers to attenuate the cytokine storm syndrome is meaningful. In this paper, we significantly attenuated the inflammatory responses induced by mouse hepatitis viruses A59 and SARS‐CoV‐2 through a soluble DR5‐Fc (sDR5‐Fc) chimeric protein that blocked the TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand–death receptor 5 (TRAIL–DR5) interaction. Our findings indicates that blocking the TRAIL–DR5 pathway through the sDR5‐Fc chimeric protein is a promising strategy to treat COVID‐19 severe patients requiring intensive care unit admission or with chronic metabolic diseases.
Outcomes after transvenous defibrillator implantation in cardiac sarcoidosis: A systematic review
Authors: Taha Ahmed , Assaf Omar , Champsi Asgher , Nadarajah Ramesh , Patel Peysh A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionSarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder associated with ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and sudden death in the context of cardiac involvement. Guidelines advocate implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) implantation in specific subcohorts, but there is a paucity of data on outcomes.Methods and ResultsA systematic review was performed to assess outcomes in patients with definite or probable cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) treated with ICD. Observational studies were identified from multiple databases from inception to 21st May 2021. Outcomes of interest included appropriate and inappropriate ICD therapies in addition to all‐cause mortality. Study quality was assessed individually using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS).Eight studies were identified comprising 530 patients, with follow‐up period of 24–66 months (weighted average 40 months). Mean age was 53.9 years with ejection fraction of 41.3%. Overall incidence of appropriate therapy was 38.1% during follow‐up. Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) with ejection fraction <40% was a predictor of appropriate therapy in the majority of studies, as were sustained VAs during electrophysiological testing (EP) in one study. There was no interaction with device indication (i.e. primary or secondary). Where documented, inappropriate therapy was primarily driven by atrial arrhythmias. All‐cause mortality was 6.0% over a median follow‐up period of 42 months. Only three studies achieved good quality in the comparability domain of NOS.ConclusionsAppropriate ICD therapy in patients with CS is commonly associated with LVSD, which can act as a surrogate for scar burden. The utility of EP testing in this setting remains unclear.
Correlation between frontal QRS‐T angle, Tp‐e interval, and Tp‐e/QT ratio to coronary artery severity assessed with SYNTAX score in stable coronary artery disease patients
Authors: Karadeniz Fatma Özpamuk , Altuntaş Emine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is known that a wide frontal QRS‐T(f[QRS‐T]) angle in the electrocardiography (ECG) is associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. The Tp‐e (the interval from the peak to the end of the T wave) interval and Tp‐e/QTc ratio show the dispersion of repolarization, and increased levels lead to ventricular arrhythmogenesis in congenital channelopathies and coronary heart disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between f(QRS‐T), Tp‐e interval, and Tp‐e/QTc ratio and SYNTAX score in stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) patients.MethodsA total of 403 patients who performed coronary angiography for SCAD were included. The study population was divided into two groups based on the SYNTAX score. Group 1 included 248 patients (high SYNTAX score > 0), and group 2 included 155 patients (low SYNTAX score = 0). SYNTAX score was calculated using an online SYNTAX score calculator from the coronary angiography images of each patient. The f(QRS‐T) angle (QRS angle minus T angle) was calculated from the automated reports of the 12‐lead ECG device. Tp‐e interval and Tp‐e/QTc ratio and other electrocardiographic parameters were recorded.ResultsThe mean SYNTAX score in group 1 was 8. F(QRS‐T) angle, Tp‐e duration, Tp‐e/QT, and Tp‐e/QTc were significantly higher in group 1 compared with group 2. In the multivariate regression analysis, F(QRS‐T) angle and Tp‐e duration were independent predictors for SYNTAX scores in SCAD patients.ConclusionsOur study showed that Tp‐e interval, Tp‐e/QTc ratio, and f(QRS‐T) angle were increased in patients with higher SYNTAX scores in patients with SCAD patients.
Improving the CFSv2 prediction of the Indian Ocean Dipole based on a physical‐empirical model and a deep‐learning approach
Authors: Chen Ping , Sun Bo , Wang Huijun , Yang Lianmei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDespite significant advances in seasonal climate forecasts, the reliability of both dynamical and empirical models for the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) prediction is still limited to a lead time of one season or less. In this study, the skill of the NCEP Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) for the IOD prediction during the period 1982–2014 is evaluated. The results indicate that the model performance for the IOD prediction is the worst in spring among the four seasons, which is manifested in the fact that a skilful prediction of spring IOD event is limited to a lead time of only about 1–2 months. To improve the forecast of spring IOD events, a physical‐empirical (PE) model and a convolutional neural network (CNN) model are established in the present study. The IOD in April–May–June (AMJ) is taken as the predictand, and the CFSv2‐predicted sea surface height (SSH) in AMJ and the observed Laptev sea ice in the preceding December are used as the two predictors. The original CFSv2‐predicted IOD time series has an insignificant correlation with the observed IOD time series with a temporal correlation coefficient (TCC) of 0.03; the PE model (CNN model) can largely improve the IOD prediction with a TCC of 0.74 (0.77) between the PE‐model‐predicted (CNN‐model‐predicted) IOD and the observed IOD during AMJ. Thus, the PE model and the CNN model developed in the present study can be applied to improve the IOD predictions from numerical models in the future.