bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) for esophageal cancer training curriculum—a worldwide Delphi consensus study
Authors: Fuchs Hans F , Collins Justin W , Babic Benjamin , DuCoin Christopher , Meireles Ozanan R , Grimminger Peter P , Read Matthew , Abbas Abbas , Sallum Rubens , Müller-Stich Beat P , Perez Daniel , Biebl Matthias , Egberts Jan-Hendrik , van Hillegersberg Richard , Bruns Christiane J 
Published: June 2022

Summary

Background
Structured training protocols can safely improve skills prior initiating complex surgical procedures such as robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE). As no consensus on a training curriculum for RAMIE has been established so far it is our aim to define a protocol for RAMIE with the Delphi consensus methodology.

Methods
Fourteen worldwide RAMIE experts were defined and were enrolled in this Delphi consensus project. An expert panel was created and three Delphi rounds were performed starting December 2019. Items required for RAMIE included, but were not limited to, virtual reality simulation, wet-lab training, proctoring, and continued monitoring and education. After rating performed by the experts, consensus was defined when a Cronbach alpha of ≥0.80 was reached. If ≥80% of the committee reached a consensus an item was seen as fundamental.

Results
All Delphi rounds were completed by 12–14 (86–100%) participants. After three rounds analyzing our 49-item questionnaire, 40 items reached consensus for a training curriculum of RAMIE.

Conclusion
The core principles for RAMIE training were defined. This curriculum may lead to a wider adoption of RAMIE and a reduction in time to reach proficiency.
The effect of magnitude uncertainty on the Gutenberg–Richter b-value estimation and the magnitude–frequency distribution: ‘what hump?’
Authors: Taroni Matteo 
Published: June 2022

Summary
The uncertainties on magnitudes of the earthquakes have a negligible effect on the estimation of the Gutenberg–Richter b-value if these uncertainties have a homogeneous distribution, that is, the magnitude error is the same for all the earthquakes. Here, we show that a non-uniform error distribution can have a significant impact on the b-value estimation, and it generates a hump in the magnitude–frequency distribution. Through a simulation approach, we show when the bias in the estimation is large, when it can be neglected, and how it is possible to avoid it.
Strong Subconvexity for Self-Dual GL(3) L-Functions
Authors: Lin Yongxiao , Nunes Ramon , Qi Zhi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we prove strong subconvexity bounds for self-dual $\textrm {GL}(3)\ L$-functions in the $t$-aspect and for $\textrm {GL}(3)\times \textrm {GL}(2)$$L$-functions in the $\textrm {GL}(2)$-spectral aspect. The bounds are strong in the sense that they are the natural limit of the moment method pioneered by Xiaoqing Li, modulo current knowledge on estimate for the second moment of $\textrm {GL}(3)$$L$-functions on the critical line.
#11 Development of a Kinetic ELISA (kELISA) and Reactive B Cell Frequency (RBF) Assay to Detect Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Pre-Fusion F Protein-Specific Immune Responses in Infants
Authors: Rolsma Stephanie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
RSV is a major cause of pediatric respiratory disease. Antibodies to the prefusion conformation of the RSV fusion (pre-F) protein are needed for virus neutralization.

Method
We measured RSV-specific responses in two groups of children &lt;3 years of age; subjects with laboratory-confirmed RSV (RSV-infected) or infants born in the period May to September and enrolled prior to their first RSV season (RSV-uninfected). RSV-infected infants had blood samples obtained at 1, 6, 9, and 12 months after infection. RSV-uninfected infants had blood samples obtained at enrollment, at the end of their first RSV season, and 6 months later. A kELISA to measure RSV pre-F-specific antibodies and an RBF assay to identify RSV F-specific B cells were developed.

Results
102 subjects were enrolled; 11 were excluded due to missed visits or withdrawal. Of the 65 subjects in the RSV-uninfected group, all were kELISA positive at enrollment, consistent with maternal antibody transfer. 53 subjects had sufficient samples for analysis at multiple time points; 29 became seronegative and 24 remained seropositive. In the seronegative group, the kELISA value decreased rapidly to &lt;0.25 by 6 months after the RSV season in 27/29 (93%), (Figure 1a). In the persistently seropositive group, all 24 subjects maintained a positive kELISA value, with some developing higher values over time, consistent with asymptomatic infection (Figure 1b). An RBF assay was used to determine whether antibodies were due to persistent maternal antibodies or endogenous production (Figure 1c). In the seronegative group, 24/29 (80%) had a negative RBF; in the seropositive group, 23/24 (96%) had a positive RBF during follow-up. There were 26 subjects in the RSV-infected group; 22 had sufficient samples for analysis at multiple time points. All were seropositive by kELISA at one month post-infection with variable kELISA values during follow-up (Figure 1d). 17/22 (77%) had a positive RBF, although 4 of the subjects without a positive RBF had indeterminate results at ≥ 1 visit.

Conclusion
Assays measuring F-specific immune responses in infants will be critical for RSV vaccine development. A kELISA targeting RSV pre-F epitopes, with an RBF assay targeting RSV F-specific B cells, may allow discrimination for maternal and infant-derived antibodies.
#63 Allowing Access to Parents into COVID-19 Hospitalization Areas Does Not Increase Infections among Hospital Workers in a Pediatric Hospital.
Authors: Guerrero-Díaz Ana Carmen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
At the beginning of the current COVID-19 pandemic, it became critical to isolate all infected patients, regardless of their age. In the case of hospitalized children, isolation imposes a significant, negative impact on the well-being of isolated infants and their parents, in addition to the deleterious effect that the clinical condition and hospitalization by itself inflicts on patients and their families; this negative effect must be weighed against the potential risk that visitation might have on COVID-19 dissemination, mostly among hospital workers.

Method
Parents were gradually allowed during supervised, restricted visit time, progressively increasing the visitation time, and carefully monitoring for the presence of COVID-19 symptoms among healthcare workers (HCW) in the COVID-19 area, who were also tested for the infection when clinically justified. Family members were interrogated about symptoms and signs suggestive of COVID-19 infection, or positive PCR testing within 14 days of hospital stay.

Results
We found that, when safely implemented, allowing parents to spend time with their hospitalized COVID-19 children does not increase the contagion risk for hospital workers. The percentage of COVID-19 cases among HCW decreased after parents were allowed to visit their children in the COVID-19 areas. The percentage dropped from 27.78% to 12.77% (p=0.022). The rate of workers with COVID-19 for every 1000 shifts per worker was reduced after the parents were allowed to visit, although no statistically significant differences were found. Only 6 out of 129 parents (4.65%), that visited their children, were infected and there is no guarantee that they got infected within the hospital.

Conclusion
With proper training, parents do not increase the risk of infection among healthcare workers or among themselves. To develop and implement policies to permit the children to be accompanied during their suffering should be a standard in the context of an epidemic and out of it.
#65 Respiratory Syncytial Virus Surveillance Among Hospitalized Children in Amman, Jordan
Authors: Yanis Ahmad 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in young children worldwide. In Jordan, RSV has previously been reported as the most frequently detected virus among hospitalized children less than two years. We aimed to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of RSV-positive and RSV-negative hospitalized children during the peak season in Amman, Jordan.

Method
Children under two years who presented with fever and/or respiratory symptoms within 72 hours of hospitalization at a government-run hospital were enrolled. We systematically collected demographic and clinical characteristics via parental interviews and medical chart abstractions. Anterior nasal and/or throat swabs were collected and tested for RSV by PCR. Differences in clinical characteristics were evaluated by RSV status using two-sample t- tests allowing for unequal variances for continuous variables and Pearson's Chi-squared test for categorical variables, alpha=0.05.

Results
From January 8 to March 17, 2020, 531 children were enrolled and tested, of which 57% were male and had a mean age of 5 months. Of those who were tested, 401 (76%) were RSV-positive. Children with RSV were younger and less likely to have an underlying medical condition compared to children without RSV (Table 1). RSV-positive children were more likely to present with cough, shortness of breath, runny nose, nasal congestion, decreased appetite, vomiting, wheezing, and had a higher respiratory rate at admission than RSV-negative children. Compared to RSV-negative children, RSV-positive children were more likely to have an admission diagnosis of pneumonia and bronchiolitis and less likely have the diagnosis of rule out sepsis.

Conclusion
In our study, more than three-quarters of children hospitalized with ARI had RSV. Additional prevention measures, such as vaccines or antivirals, are needed to effectively reduce the RSV burden among young children in Jordan.
Non-linear reconstruction of features in the primordial power spectrum from large-scale structure
Authors: Li Yuhao , Zhu Hong-Ming , Li Baojiu 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Potential features in the primordial power spectrum have been searched for in galaxy surveys in recent years since these features can assist in understanding the nature of inflation. The null detection to date suggests that any such features should be fairly weak, and next-generation galaxy surveys, with their unprecedented sizes and precisions, are in a position to place stronger constraints than before. However, even if such primordial features once existed in the early Universe, they would have been significantly damped in the non-linear regime at low redshift due to structure formation, which makes them difficult to be directly detected in real observations. A potential way to tackle this challenge for probing the features is to undo the cosmological evolution, i.e. using reconstruction to obtain an approximate linear density field. By employing a set of N-body simulations, here we show that a recently proposed non-linear reconstruction algorithm can effectively retrieve damped oscillatory features from halo catalogues and improve the accuracy of the measurement of feature parameters (assuming that such primordial features do exist). We do a Fisher analysis to forecast how non-linear reconstruction affects the constraining power, and find that it can lead to significantly more robust constraints on the feature amplitude for a DESI-like survey. Comparing non-linear reconstruction with other ways of improving constraints, such as increasing the survey volume and range of scales, this shows that it is possible to achieve what the latter do, but at a lower cost.
Characterizing the aerosol atmosphere above the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos by analysing seven years of data taken with an GaAsP HPD-readout, absolutely calibrated elastic LIDAR
Authors: Fruck Christian , Gaug Markus , Hahn Alexander , Acciari Victor , Besenrieder Jürgen , Dominis Prester Dijana , Dorner Daniela , Fink David , Font Lluís , Mićanović Saša , Mirzoyan Razmik , Müller Dominik , Pavletić Lovro , Schmuckermaier Felix , Will Martin 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a new elastic LIDAR concept, based on a bi-axially mounted Nd:YAG laser and a telescope with HPD readout, combined with fast FADC signal digitization and offline pulse analysis. The LIDAR return signals have been extensively quality checked and absolutely calibrated. We analyse seven years of quasi-continuous LIDAR data taken during those nights when the MAGIC telescopes were operating. Characterization of the nocturnal ground layer yields zenith and azimuth angle dependent aerosol extinction scaleheights for clear nights. We derive aerosol transmission statistics for light emitted from various altitudes throughout the year and separated by seasons. We find further seasonal dependencies of cloud base and top altitudes, but none for the LIDAR ratios of clouds. Finally, the night sky background light is characterized using the LIDAR photon backgrounds.
Exploring the effect of baryons on the radial distribution of satellite galaxies with GAMA and IllustrisTNG
Authors: Riggs Stephen D , Loveday Jon , Thomas Peter A , Pillepich Annalisa , Nelson Dylan , Holwerda Benne W 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We explore the radial distribution of satellite galaxies in groups in the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey and the IllustrisTNG simulations. Considering groups with masses $12.0 \le \log _{10} (\mathcal {M}_h / h^{-1} \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }) \lt 14.8$ at z &lt; 0.267, we find a good agreement between GAMA and a sample of TNG300 groups and galaxies designed to match the GAMA selection. Both display a flat profile in the centre of groups, followed by a decline that becomes steeper towards the group edge, and normalized profiles show no dependence on group mass. Using matched satellites from TNG and dark matter-only TNG-Dark runs we investigate the effect of baryons on satellite radial location. At z = 0, we find that the matched subhaloes from the TNG-Dark runs display a much flatter radial profile: namely, satellites selected above a minimum stellar mass exhibit both smaller halocentric distances and longer survival times in the full-physics simulations compared to their dark-matter only analogues. We then divide the TNG satellites into those which possess TNG-Dark counterparts and those which do not, and develop models for the radial positions of each. We find the satellites with TNG-Dark counterparts are displaced towards the halo centre in the full-physics simulations, and this difference has a power-law behaviour with radius. For the ‘orphan’ galaxies without TNG-Dark counterparts, we consider the shape of their radial distribution and provide a model for their motion over time, which can be used to improve the treatment of satellite galaxies in semi-analytic and semi-empirical models of galaxy formation.
A faster growth of perturbations in an early matter dominated epoch: primordial black holes and gravitational waves
Authors: Das Subinoy , Maharana Anshuman , Muia Francesco 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a scenario for fast growth of cosmological perturbations; δ(t) ∼ a(t)s, a(t) being the scale factor, with s &gt; 10 for the numerical examples reported in this article. The basic ingredients of the scenario are an early matter dominated era and the dark fermion, which experiences a scalar mediated force during the epoch. Both of these arise in string/supergravity models. The fast growth occurs for sub-horizon density perturbations of the dark fermion. The fast growth has a rich set of phenomenological implications. We outline implications for the formation of primordial black holes and the production of gravitational waves. Primordial black holes in the sublunar mass range (which are ideal dark matter candidates) can be produced. Gravitational waves can be produced in a wide range of frequencies due to second-order scalar perturbations and due to evaporation and merger of primordial black holes.
Subaru/IRCS L-band spectro-polarimetry of the HD 142527 disk scattered light
Authors: Honda Mitsuhiko , Tazaki Ryo , Murakawa Koji , Terada Hiroshi , Kudo Tomoyuki , Hattori Takashi , Hashimoto Jun , Tamura Motohide , Watanabe Makoto 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Spatially resolved L-band spectro-polarimetric observations were carried out toward a protoplanetary disk around the Herbig Fe star HD 142527 using the polarimetry mode of the InfraRed Camera and Spectrometer on the 8.2 m Subaru Telescope. The 2.9–4.1 μm polarimetric spectra of the bright central source and the scattered light at a distance of ${0{^{\prime \prime}_{.}}78}$ from the center toward the PA ∼ 290° were obtained using the AO188 adaptive optics system. The polarization spectra of the central region show no significant evidence of the polarization which is expected with the (non-aligned) hot dust emission near the central star, while the disk scattered light spectra shows linear polarization of $\sim\!\! 10\%$, which is consistent with the nature of scattered light. In addition, the polarization PA of ∼20° is also geometrically consistent with the scattered light from the central region. We also derived the flux density spectra of each region and confirmed the 3 μm water-ice absorption feature in the scattered light spectra, which is consistent with the findings in Honda et al. (2009, ApJ, 690, L110). By comparing the model predictions by Tazaki et al. (2021b, ApJ, 921, 173), we estimated the grain properties of the extracted disk region. Assuming the power-law size distribution of silicate and ice, the maximum grain size amax of 3 μm and fractional ice abundance relative to Pollack et al. (1994, ApJ, 421, 615) (fice) of ∼0.1 is inferred, which is consistent with the finding by Tazaki et al. ( 2021b, ApJ, 921, 173).
Long-term survival of patients with advanced melanoma treated with BRAF-MEK inhibitors
Authors: Ismail Rawa K. , Suijkerbuijk Karijn P.M. , de Boer Anthonius , van Dartel Maaike , Hilarius Doranne L. , Pasmooij A.M.G. , van Zeijl Michiel C.T. , Aarts Maureen J.B. , van den Berkmortel Franchette W.P.J. , Blank Christian U. , Boers-Sonderen Marye J. , de Groot Jan W.B. , Haanen John B.A.G. , Hospers Geke A.P. , Kapiteijn Ellen , Piersma Djura , van Rijn Rozemarijn S. , van der Veldt Astrid A.M. , Vreugdenhil Art , Westgeest Hans , van den Eertwegh Alfons J. , Wouters Michel W.J.M. 
Published: June 2022

Recent results of patients with advanced melanoma treated with first-line BRAF-MEK inhibitors in clinical trials showed 5-year survival in one-third of patients with a median overall survival (OS) of more than 2 years. This study aimed to investigate these patients’ real-world survival and identify the characteristics of long-term survivors.
The study population consisted of patients with advanced cutaneous melanoma with a BRAF-V600 mutated tumor who were treated with first-line BRAF-MEK inhibitors between 2013 and 2017. Long-term survival was defined as a minimum OS of 2 years from start therapy.
The median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median OS (mOS) of real-world patients (n = 435) were respectively 8.0 (95% CI, 6.8–9.4) and 11.7 (95% CI, 10.3–13.5) months. Two-year survival was reached by 28% of the patients, 22% reached 3-year survival and 19% reached 4-year survival. Real-world patients often had brain metastases (41%), stage IV M1c disease (87%), ECOG PS ≥2 (21%), ≥3 organ sites (62%) and elevated LDH of ≥250 U/I (49%). Trial-eligible real-world patients had an mOS of 17.9 months. Patients surviving more than 2 years (n = 116) more often had an ECOG PS ≤1 (83%), normal LDH (60%), no brain metastases (60%), no liver metastases (63%) and <3 organ sites (60%).
Long-term survival of real-world patients treated with first-line BRAF-MEK inhibitors is significantly lower than that of trial patients, which is probably explained by poorer baseline characteristics of patients treated in daily practice. Long-term survivors generally had more favorable characteristics with regard to age, LDH level and metastatic sites, compared to patients not reaching long-term survival.
Child Protective Custody Placement for Children with Developmental Disorders
Authors: Lapin Jennifer E. , Beal Sarah J. , Adams Ryan E. , Ehrhardt Jennifer , Pedapati Ernest , Froehlich Tanya E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether children with developmental disorders (DDs) in protective custody are more likely to experience specific placement types and stay in care longer than their typically developing peers. Furthermore, in the DD-only group, we examined whether the likelihood of each placement type differed by specific DD diagnosis.

Methods:
This observational retrospective study used child welfare administrative data linked to electronic health records in a large Ohio county. Participants were aged 5 to 20 years (N = 2787). DD diagnoses were determined using problem list and encounter diagnosis codes.

Results:
Children with versus without DD were less likely to be in kinship placement (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66–0.94) and more likely to be in congregate care (aOR, 1.26; 95% CI: 1.04–1.53) and nonrelative foster care (aOR, 1.20; 95% CI: 1.00–1.45). A likelihood of independent living placement did not differ for those with and without DD. Those with versus without DD had longer lengths of stay in protective custody (p ≤ 0.001), but the number of placement changes did not differ after accounting for length of stay. The pattern of results differed somewhat by individual DD diagnosis.

Conclusion:
Compared with their typically developing peers, children with DD are less likely to be in kinship care and tend to have longer lengths of stay in protective custody. If replicated, these findings suggest the need to identify and address mechanisms to support children with DD across placement settings and to better understand factors prolonging their protective custody stay.
Anemia and fibroblast growth factor 23 elevation in chronic kidney disease: homeostatic interactions and emerging therapeutics
Authors: Agoro Rafiou , White Kenneth E. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disorder that is associated with development of elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels and anemia. Here, we review recent literature that extends our current knowledge on the interactions between FGF23 and anemia in CKD and the impact of anemia-targeting therapeutics on FGF23 elevation in CKD.

Recent findings
The anemia of CKD is primarily driven by a lack of erythropoietin (EPO) and iron deficiency. In addition to EPO and iron replacement, novel drug classes to treat anemia have been approved or are in clinical development. A recent observational study provides supportive evidence for the hypothesis that FGF23 elevation in CKD mediates adverse effects of iron deficiency on the cardiovascular system in patients with CKD. Preclinical and clinical studies revealed that ferric citrate (FC), and hypoxia-induced factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF-PHI) treatment may reduce elevated FGF23 levels in CKD, suggesting that correcting anemia in CKD could potentially lower FGF23 levels. However, as we describe, HIF-PHI have context-dependent effects. Moreover, whether a reduction in FGF23 will improve patient outcomes in patients with CKD remains to be determined.

Summary
With the emergence of novel therapeutics to treat oxygen and iron utilization deficits in CKD, studies have investigated the impact of these new drugs on FGF23. Several of these drugs, including FC and HIF-PHIs, alleviate iron homeostasis alterations in CKD and are associated with FGF23 reduction. Herein, we review the relationships between oxygen/iron sensing and FGF23 in CKD, recent findings which link FGF23 with cardiac dysfunction, as well as future translational and clinical avenues.