bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recombinant collagen hydrogels induced by disulfide bonds
Authors: Wang Jie , Hu Jinyuan , Yuan Xuan , Li Yingnan , Song Lijun , Xu Fei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith the characteristics of low toxicity and biodegradability, recombinant collagen‐like proteins have been chemically and genetically engineered as a scaffold for cell adhesion and proliferation. However, most of the existing hydrogels crosslinked with peptides or polymers are not pure collagen, limiting their utility as biomaterials. A major roadblock in the development of biomaterials is the need for high purity collagen that can self‐assemble into hydrogels under mild conditions. In this work, we designed a recombinant protein, S‐VCL‐S, by introducing cysteine residues into the Streptococcus pyogenes collagen‐like protein at both the N‐and C‐termini of the collagen with a trimerization domain (V) and a collagen domain (CL). The S‐VCL‐S protein was properly folded in complete triple helices and formed self‐supporting hydrogels without polymer modifications. In addition, the introduction of cysteines was found to play a key role in the properties of the hydrogels, including their microstructure, pore size, mechanical properties, and drug release capability. Moreover, two/three‐dimensional cell‐culture assays showed that the hydrogels are noncytotoxic and can promote long‐term cell viability. This study explored a crosslinking collagen hydrogel based on disulfide bonds and provides a design strategy for collagen‐based biomaterials.
Collagen X Biomarker (CXM), Linear Growth, and Bone Development in a Vitamin D Intervention Study in Infants
Authors: Hauta-alus Helena H , Holmlund-Suila Elisa M , Valkama Saara M , Enlund-Cerullo Maria , Rosendahl Jenni , Coghlan Ryan F , Andersson Sture , Mäkitie Outi 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Collagen X biomarker (CXM) is suggested to be a biomarker of linear growth velocity. However, early childhood data are limited. This study examines the relationship of CXM to the linear growth rate and bone development, including the possible modifying effects of vitamin D supplementation. We analyzed a cohort of 276 term-born children participating in the Vitamin D Intervention in Infants (VIDI) study. Infants received 10 μg/d (group-10) or 30 μg/d (group-30) vitamin D3 supplementation for the first 2 years of life. CXM and length were measured at 12 and 24 months of age. Tibial bone mineral content (BMC), volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), cross-sectional area (CSA), polar moment of inertia (PMI), and periosteal circumference (PsC) were measured using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) at 12 and 24 months. We calculated linear growth as length velocity (cm/year) and the growth rate in length (SD unit). The mean (SD) CXM values were 40.2 (17.4) ng/mL at 12 months and 38.1 (12.0) ng/mL at 24 months of age (p = 0.12). CXM associated with linear growth during the 2-year follow-up (p = 0.041) but not with bone (p = 0.53). Infants in group-30 in the highest tertile of CXM exhibited an accelerated mean growth rate in length compared with the intermediate tertile (mean difference [95% CI] −0.50 [−0.98, −0.01] SD unit, p = 0.044) but not in the group-10 (p = 0.062) at 12 months. Linear association of CXM and growth rate until 12 months was weak, but at 24 months CXM associated with both length velocity (B for 1 increment of √CXM [95% CI] 0.32 [0.12, 0.52] cm/yr, p = 0.002) and growth rate in length (0.20 [0.08, 0.32] SD unit, p = 0.002). To conclude, CXM may not reliably reflect linear growth from birth to 12 months of age, but its correlation with growth velocity improves during the second year of life. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Triphlorethol‐A attenuates U251 human glioma cancer cell proliferation and ameliorates apoptosis through JAK2/STAT3 and p38 MAPK/ERK signaling pathways
Authors: Yuan Zhihai , Yang Zhen , Li Weiqin , Wu Aimei , Su Zhixiang , Jiang Bin , Ganesan Sakthivigneswari 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlioma is the foremost recurrent type of brain tumor in humans; in particular, glioblastoma (GBM) is the main form of brain tumor (GBM) that is highly proliferative and impervious to apoptosis. Triphlorethol‐A (TA), a phlorotannin isolated from Ecklonia cava, exhibited cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, the exact molecular action of TA in the U251 human GBM cells remains unknown. This may be the first report on the antiproliferative and apoptotic mechanisms of TA on GBM. The cytotoxicity, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and cell apoptosis activity of TA have been evaluated by the MTT assay and by DCFH‐DA, Rh‐123, AO/EB, and western blot analysis. The results obtained showed that TA abridged the viability of U251 cells, while MMP increased apoptosis by increasing the ROS levels in a time‐dependent manner. The results showed that a reduction in U251 cell proliferation was associated with the regulation of JAK2/STAT3 and p38 MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. TA was found to suppress pJAK, pSTAT3, p38 MAPK, and pERK phosphorylation, thereby causing Bax/Bcl‐2 imbalance, activating the caspase cascade and cytochrome c, and inducing apoptosis. Our findings showed that the suppression of JAK2/STAT3 and p38 MAPK/ERK signaling by TA results in cell growth arrest and stimulation of apoptosis in GBM cells. These studies justify the protective remedy of TA against GBM.
Protective activity of purpurin against d‐galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide‐induced hepatorenal injury by upregulation of heme oxygenase‐1 in the RBC degradation cycle
Authors: Rakshit Samrat , Sahu Nisha , Nirala Satendra Kumar , Bhadauria Monika 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAcute liver failure, associated with oxidative stress and sustained inflammation is the major clinical manifestation of liver diseases with a high mortality rate due to limited therapeutic options. Purpurin is a bioactive compound of Rubia cordifolia that has been used in textile staining, as a food additive, and as a treatment of multiple chronic and metabolic diseases associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. The present work aimed to investigate the protective efficacy of purpurin against hepatorenal damage. Thirty‐six female albino rats were equally assigned into six groups. Purpurin was administered orally once a day for 6 days at doses of 05, 10, and 20 mg/kg, respectively. Intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (50 μg/kg) was administered to the animals on 6th day evening, 1 h after
d‐galactosamine (300 mg/kg) administration to induce hepatorenal injury. The results revealed that purpurin alleviated alterations in serological and hematological parameters as well as restored histoarchitectural and cellular integrity of the liver and kidney. Purpurin restored superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione content in hepatorenal tissues. Accompanied by the diminution of increased bilirubin and biliverdin, purpurin also diminished total cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipid peroxidation in hepatorenal tissues. Purpurin markedly attenuated the elevation of CYP2E1, restored glutathione‐S‐transferase, and prevented DNA damage in hepatorenal tissues. Purpurin reduced iron overload by reducing heme depletion and recycling of ferritin and hemosiderin. It also reinforced biliverdin reductase, heme oxygenase‐1 to employ hepatorenal protection by regulating antioxidant enzymes and other pathways that produced NADPH. Thus, it may be concluded that purpurin has protective potential against acute hepatorenal injury.
Relationship between activeHelicobacter pyloriinfection and anemia, iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia: A cross‐sectional study in asub‐Saharansetting
Authors: Eyoum Bille Bertrand B , Kouitcheu Mabeku Laure B 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and AimThere have been contradictory reports about the association betweenHelicobacter pyloriinfection and iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Based on the high frequency ofH. pyloriinfection in Cameroon, we have evaluated the frequency ofH. pyloriinfection as the cause of anemia, and IDA among dyspeptic patients in Cameroon.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study enrolled 842 dyspeptic patients (472 women and 370 men) in two reference hospitals in Douala‐Cameroon. Each participant gave a written consent, and the study was approved by the National Ethical Committee. Erythroid‐related indices and markers of iron deficiency (ID) measurement were done for each participant as well asH. pyloridetection. Data were analyzed using SSPS statistical package.ResultsThe prevalence of anemia, ID, IDA, andH. pyloriinfection was 65.08%, 31.47%, 25.65%, and 80.88%, respectively.H. pyloriinfected individuals had a significantly lower mean value of hemoglobin (P = 0.01), hematocrit (P = 0.04), ferritin (P = 0.03) and coefficient of transferrin saturation (CTS) levels (P = 0.04) and a significantly higher mean value of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (P = 0.02). Compared withH. pylorinon‐infected participants,H. pyloriinfected patients were 1.2938 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9087–1.8421), 1.1851 (95% CI: 0.8122–1.7292), and 1.5636 (95% CI: 1.0206–2.3953) times at higher risk to develop anemia, ID, and IDA, respectively. A significant relationship was found betweenH. pyloriinfection and IDA (P = 0.04 and 0.04 for crude and age/sex‐adjusted, respectively).ConclusionH. pyloriinfection seems to be associated with anemia, and IDA among dyspeptic patients in our milieu.
Physiologic roles of P2 receptors in leukocytes
Authors: Alberto Anael Viana Pinto , da Silva Ferreira Natiele Carla , Bonavita André Gustavo Calvano , Nihei Oscar Kenji , de Farias Fernando Pires , da Cunha Bisaggio Rodrigo , de Albuquerque Cristóvão , Savino Wilson , Coutinho-Silva Robson , Persechini Pedro Muanis , Alves Luiz Anastacio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSince their discovery in the 1970s, purinergic receptors have been shown to play key roles in a wide variety of biologic systems and cell types. In the immune system, purinergic receptors participate in innate immunity and in the modulation of the adaptive immune response. In particular, P2 receptors, which respond to extracellular nucleotides, are widely expressed on leukocytes, causing the release of cytokines and chemokines and the formation of inflammatory mediators, and inducing phagocytosis, degranulation, and cell death. The activity of these receptors is regulated by ectonucleotidases—expressed in these same cell types—which regulate the availability of nucleotides in the extracellular environment. In this article, we review the characteristics of the main purinergic receptor subtypes present in the immune system, focusing on the P2 family. In addition, we describe the physiologic roles of the P2 receptors already identified in leukocytes and how they can positively or negatively modulate the development of infectious diseases, inflammation, and pain.
Intraocular Water Movement Visualization Using 1H‐MRI With Eye Drops of O‐17‐Labeled Saline: First‐in‐Human Study
Authors: Tomiyasu Moyoko , Sahara Yasuka , Mitsui Etsuko , Tsuchiya Hiroki , Maeda Takamasa , Tomoyori Nobuhiro , Kawashima Makoto , Nogawa Toshifumi , Kishimoto Riwa , Takado Yuhei , Higashi Tatsuya , Mizota Atsushi , Kudo Kohsuke , Obata Takayuki 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundVisualization of aqueous humor flow in MR contrast images using gadolinium is challenging because of the delayed contrast effects associated with the blood‐retinal and blood‐aqueous humor barriers. However, oxygen‐17 water (H217O) might be used as an ocular contrast agent.PurposeTo observe the distribution of H217O in the human eye, and its flow in and out of the anterior chamber, using dynamic T2‐weighted MRI.Study TypeProspective.PopulationSix ophthalmologically normal volunteers (20–37 years, six females).Field Strength/SequenceA 3 T/dynamic T2‐weighted MRI.AssessmentH217O eye drops were administered to the right eye. Time‐series images were created by subtracting the image before the eye drops from each of the images obtained after the eye drops. The normalized signal intensity of the right anterior chamber (nAC) was obtained by dividing the signal intensity of the right anterior chamber region by that of the left. The inflow and outflow constants of H217O and H217O concentration were calculated from the nAC.Statistical TestsA paired t‐test was used to compare the flow‐related values and temporal changes in signal intensity. P‐values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsSignificantly decreased signal intensity was observed in the right anterior chamber but not the right vitreous body (P = 0.39). The nAC signal intensity decreased significantly and then recovered. The inflow and outflow constants were 0.36–0.94 min−1 and 0.023–0.13 min−1, respectively. The maximum H217O concentration was 0.078%–0.24%.Data ConclusionH217O were distributed in the anterior chamber. The H217O inflow into the anterior chamber was significantly faster than that of the outflow.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage2
Effects of lemon (Citrus Limon L.), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) essential oils against of Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum
Authors: Kgang Itumeleng E. , Mathabe Patricia M. K. , Klein Ashwil , Kalombo Lonji , Belay Zinash A. , Caleb Oluwafemi James 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPostharvest pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum causes significant postharvest deterioration of fresh fruit, resulting in economic losses globally. Essential oils (EOs) are safe fungal biodeterioration alternatives compared to chemical fungicides. The aim of this study was to characterise and evaluate the additive and/or synergetic effects of lemon (Le‐), lemongrass (Lg‐), and peppermint (P‐EOs) against mycelial growth and spore germination of B. cinerea and P. expansum.ResultsGC–MS analysis depicted 7, 10 and 10 compounds being the major component for Le‐, Lg‐ and P‐EOs, respectively. Most abundant compound being δ‐limonene (71%), α‐citral (50.1%), and menthyl acetate (48%) in Le‐, Lg‐ and P‐EOs, respectively. In vitro investigation showed significant inhibition against mycelial growth and spore germination of B. cinerea and P. expansum with a MIC of 5 and 10 mg/L, respectively. P. expansum was more susceptible to the EOs compared to B. cinerea. The concentrations causing 50% reduction (EC50) in mycelial growth for P. expansum were 4, and 9 mg/L for P‐EO and Le‐EO, respectively. At the lowest concentration (0.62 mg/L), volatile phase treatment for P‐ and Lg‐EOs showed 100% inhibitory effects against all fungal mycelial growth compared to contact phase with ≈30% and 60% inhibitory effects, respectively, against P. expansum.ConclusionsCombination of essential oils showed stronger antifungal efficacy compared to individuals. EOs were more effective in volatile phase than direct contact at low concentrations. This shows the potential of using EOs in fogging treatments.
Pupil diameter variation related to visual comfort of hue‐asymmetric stereoscopic images
Authors: Zhang Kaihong , Chen Zaiqing , Chen Jianbing , Huang Xiaoqiao , Yun Lijun , Tai Yonghang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractColor asymmetry of the left and right views is a common phenomenon in the stereoscopic three‐dimensional (S3D) display, which can lead to visual discomfort. Due to visual discomfort is a subjective sensation, we hypothesize that variations of pupil diameter while viewing S3D images are related to experienced visual comfort. To test this hypothesis, we conducted eye‐tracking experiments on humans viewing hue‐asymmetric stereoscopic images while simultaneously collecting their judgment scores of experienced visual discomfort. From the collected eye‐tracking data, pupil diameter variations were extracted by a normalization formula. Results show that change in hue asymmetry levels causes a significant change in pupil diameter variations. There was a strong negative correlation between the pupil diameter variation and the visual comfort assessment (VCA) score, and the Pearson's r = −0.8936. We conclude that as the hue asymmetric level of stereoscopic image increases, the pupil diameter of the participant becomes smaller and the visual comfort decreases. A visual comfort predication model was fitted well using pupil diameter variation. It predicts that when the pupil diameter variation exceeds 20.57%, the brain feels visual discomfort.
The influence of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination on post‐operative outcomes in microsurgery patients
Authors: Taghioff Susan M. , Slavin Benjamin R. , Narasimman Manish , Samaha Georges , Samaha Mario , Holton Tripp , Singh Devinder 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe healthcare industry's efforts to immunize the global community against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) have been unprecedented. Given the fast‐tracking of the novel vaccine, its short‐ and long‐term medical implications remain largely to‐be‐determined in most patient populations. This study aims to analyze 90‐day post‐operative outcomes in microsurgical patients, who have received or not received SARS‐CoV‐2‐vaccination, using a continuously updated federated electronic medical record network (TriNetX Inc, Cambridge, MA).MethodsAfter screening 70 million de‐identified records, 16,799 microsurgery patients aged 18–99 meeting medical coding criteria were allocated into two cohorts. Cohort One received SARS‐CoV‐2‐vaccination prior to undergoing microsurgery whereas Cohort Two did not. Two equally sized cohorts, totaling 818 patients were created after propensity score matching for characteristics including: age, race, ethnicity, smoking, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and history of SARS‐CoV‐2 exposure. Postoperative outcomes within 30‐, 60‐, and 90‐days of microsurgery were analyzed.ResultsPatients who were SARS‐CoV‐2‐immunized experienced significantly lower (p < .01) surgical site infections (Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR)[95%CI]) = (3.79%–5.36% [0.84–8.54]) ICU admission (9.47%–9.82%[5.45–13.88]), generalized infections (7.68%–9.92%[3.15–14.64]), and hospitalizations (28.48%–32.57%[20.99–40.13]) within 30‐, 60‐, and 90‐days of microsurgery. Additionally, SARS‐CoV‐2‐vaccinated patients also experienced significantly less flap failure (2.49%[0.97–4.02]) and death (2.46%[0.96–3.97]) within 30‐ and 60‐days post‐operatively.ConclusionOur analysis examines the potential protective effect of SARS‐CoV‐2‐vaccination in microsurgical patients. Limitations include the retrospective nature of this analysis and the inherent reliance on medical coding. Future prospective studies are warranted to better understand if in fact pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2‐vaccination has the potential to protect against post‐operative microsurgery outcomes.
Effects of Temperature on Growth of Juvenile Speckled Peacock Bass Cichla temensis
Authors: Coffill-Rivera Manuel E. , Neal Jason Wesley , Allen Peter J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Speckled Peacock Bass Cichla temensis is a popular sport and food fish with potential for aquaculture. The species is reported to be sensitive to temperature extremes and low dissolved oxygen, but the growth response to these variables has not been evaluated. This study examined temperature (25, 30, and 35°C) effects on growth of juveniles (TL [mean ± SE] = 139 ± 1 mm; wet weight = 29.73 ± 0.64 g) during an 8-week period. Length and weight gains were similar for fish acclimated to 25°C (25 ± 1 mm; 20.03 ± 1.65 g) and 30°C (26 ± 2 mm; 19.17 ± 1.90 g), whereas fish that were held at 35°C had reduced growth (7 ± 1 mm; 0.79 ± 0.55 g). Specific growth rate (SGR; % of wet body weight [BW]/d) and Fulton's condition factor at the end of the experiment (Kf) were similar for fish acclimated to 25°C (0.87 ± 0.05% BW/d; 1.10 ± 0.02) and 30°C (0.85 ± 0.06% BW/d; 1.08 ± 0.02), while those acclimated to 35°C displayed lower SGR and Kf (0.04 ± 0.03% BW/d; 0.97 ± 0.02). Survival was over 90% among all treatments. These results indicate that 25–30°C is preferable to 35°C for rearing juvenile Speckled Peacock Bass and that higher temperatures should be avoided.
Capacity provisioning for evacuation on path networks
Authors: Benkoczi Robert , Lijoka Oluwaseun F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDesigning an appropriate evacuation plan in the event of large scale disasters is extremely important. A considerable research effort has been invested in effective mathematical models and algorithms for the evacuation of densely populated areas. Dynamic networks and flows, and the closely related sink location and evacuation problems are research directions that are being actively pursued at the moment. In this work, we propose an extension of the sink location problem in dynamic networks that is suitable for planning the evacuation of remote and sparsely populated communities. We exploit the connection between the capacity of a transportation network and the amount of resources allocated to the rescue operation, and we introduce a new objective function for the problem of evacuation in a dynamic network. Given a network with known edge lengths and with a known number of evacuees located at the vertices, we would like to assign capacities to the edges of the network, from a fixed capacity budget, in such a way that the evacuation time of all evacuees to the set of fixed sink nodes in the network is minimized. We consider a simple path network with one fixed sink node and observe that the solution can be obtained numerically from a non‐linear program. However, by exploiting two useful properties of the optimal capacity allocation, we propose a combinatorial algorithm that returns a parametric solution, that is, a solution that depends on a single parameter, namely the capacity assigned to one edge of the path. Our algorithm runs in time where is the budgeted capacity, is the precision to which the solution is computed, and is the number of vertices occupied by evacuees in an ‐vertex path. This work is the first to consider the capacity allocation problem in the context of sink location problems.
Restructuring and integrity of molecular catalysts in electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Rooney Conor L. , Wu Yueshen , Gallagher David J. , Wang Hailiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractElectrocatalysts that start a reaction as molecules do not always end the reaction as molecules, and even when they do, they might not be molecules during catalysis. In this Perspective, we discuss knowledge learned from the study of Cu‐based molecularly structured electrocatalysts––including metal coordination complexes, metal‐organic frameworks, single‐atom catalysts, and polymeric materials––that restructure under electrochemical CO2 reduction reactions. Recent reports are summarized with an emphasis on the nature and significance of post‐mortem and in situ characterization for the proper identification of active sites. We demonstrate that molecular and material structures determine whether electrocatalysts restructure and how they restructure, that understanding of restructuring processes can help us identify active sites for catalysis, and that this knowledge can be leveraged to design precatalysts that generate highly active catalysts under reaction conditions. In addition, we provide recommended practices for studying the integrity of heterogeneous molecular catalysts during and after CO2 reduction reactions.Key Points
Heterogeneous molecular Cu catalysts have been observed to restructure to metallic Cu clusters under reaction conditions.
Dynamic or reversible restructuring confounds identification of real active sites.
Both ex situ and in situ techniques are recommended for robust catalyst characterization.