bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian network‐based probabilistic framework for updating aftershock risk of bridges
Authors: Tubaldi Enrico , Turchetti Francesca , Ozer Ekin , Fayaz Jawad , Gehl Pierre , Galasso Carmine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe evaluation of a bridge's structural damage state following a seismic event and the decision on whether or not to open it to traffic under the threat of aftershocks (ASs) can significantly benefit from information about the mainshock (MS) earthquake's intensity at the site, the bridge's structural response, and the resulting damage experienced by critical structural components. This paper illustrates a Bayesian network (BN)‐based probabilistic framework for updating the AS risk of bridges, allowing integration of such information to reduce the uncertainty in evaluating the risk of bridge failure. Specifically, a BN is developed for describing the probabilistic relationship among various random variables (e.g., earthquake‐induced ground‐motion intensity, bridge response parameters, seismic damage, etc.) involved in the seismic damage assessment. This configuration allows users to leverage data observations from seismic stations, structural health monitoring (SHM) sensors and visual inspections (VIs). The framework is applied to a hypothetical bridge in Central Italy exposed to earthquake sequences. The uncertainty reduction in the estimate of the AS damage risk is evaluated by utilising various sources of information. It is shown that the information from accelerometers and VIs can significantly impact bridge damage estimates, thus affecting decision‐making under the threat of future ASs.
A process‐based approach to hominin taxonomy provides new perspectives on hominin speciation
Authors: van Holstein Laura A. , Foley Robert A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA longstanding debate in hominin taxonomy is that between “lumpers” and “splitters.” We argue that both approaches assume an unrealistically static model of speciation. Speciation is an extended process, of which fossils provide a record. Fossils should be interpreted in a more dynamic framework than is the norm. We introduce the process‐based approach (PBA), in which we suggest that “splitters” recognize and name units at an earlier stage of speciation than “lumpers” do. The “determinants” of speciation can control the rate at which population isolates form, or the rate at which these complete the speciation process, or both. Embedded in the PBA, differences between existing lumped and split taxonomies are a heuristic tool to study these processes. We apply the PBA to show that not all hominin populations reached later stages of the speciation process and that populations have a disproportionate likelihood of doing so from ∼3.1 to ∼1.5 Ma. We outline and discuss resulting new research questions.
Mind the Gap(s): Reflective supervision/consultation as a mechanism for addressing implicit bias and reducing our knowledge gaps
Authors: Lingras Katherine A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMental health‐related professions, like many fields, have begun reexamining common practices and opportunities following the 2020 reawakening to the need for antiracist practices/policies. This push includes encouraging both seasoned professionals and newer trainees to do inward and outward work to increase self‐ and other‐awareness and recognize biases. Often, it is unclear where to begin, and this deeper reflection can bring up uncomfortable realizations about oneself, colleagues, and even broader professions. Doing this deep work is most beneficial when done in a community that can provide support and further challenge. Thus, the practice of reflective supervision/consultation (RSC) is well‐suited for integration of conversations about bias (implicit and explicit) as well as racism/antiracism. The current paper provides background on these concepts, the model of RSC, and specific examples of diversity, equity, and inclusion principles within the infant and early childhood mental health (IECMH) field. Parallels are drawn to existing “key concepts” of reflective supervision to provide examples for integrating conversations about bias into reflective supervision. Finally, specific tools and strategies for use are offered as starting points, with encouragement for supervisors to continue to generate ideas and tools for these important conversations. Next steps and implications for broader practice are also discussed.
Industry Peer Competition and Management Earnings Forecasts
Authors: Chen Lin , Nie Dongfang , Shi Yuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study examines the effect of industry peer competition on management earnings forecasts in the U.S. product markets. Our probit model estimations show that industry peer competition is positively associated with the likelihood and frequency of quarterly management earnings forecasts. Further, this effect is more pronounced for firms that are leaders in sales and for firms with R&D activities that use voluntary disclosure to reduce information asymmetry. Using a Heckman model, we further find that the likelihood of point forecasts versus range forecasts is negatively associated with industry peer competition, and this effect is more pronounced for firms that are leaders in sales and for firms with R&D activities. These findings suggest that firms with high proprietary costs are less likely to issue precise forecasts.
Hematological relevance of JAK2 V617F and calreticulin mutations in Tunisian patients with essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Abdelghani Maroua , Hammami Haifa , Zidi Wiem , Amouri Hassiba , Othmen Hind Ben Hadj , Farrah Ahlem , Menif Samia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe genetic investigation of essential thrombocythemia(ET) has highlighted the presence of driver mutations in ET. Janus kinase JAK2V617F and calreticulin(CALR) mutations are the most frequent driver mutations and have significantly improved the molecular diagnosis of ET. The impact of genetic heterogeneity on clinical features has not been fully elucidated.This is the first study which aimed to determine the frequency of JAK2V617F and CALR exon9 mutations in Tunisian ET patients and to establish the correlation between hematological characteristics and mutational status.MethodsThis study included Tunisian patients suspected with ET and was conducted between September 2017 and March 2021. Genomic DNA of patients was isolated from peripheral blood samples. JAK2V617F was detected by AS‐PCR and CALR mutations were detected by PCR/direct sequencing. Clinical and hematological characteristics were also analyzed.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty ET patients were enrolled in this study. JAK2V617F mutation was found in 166/250 (66.4%) of patients, whereas CALR mutations were detected in 27/84 (32.1%) patients without JAK2V617F. Compared with JAK2V617F‐positive patients, those with CALR mutations showed lower hemoglobin level and lower leucocytes count (p = 0.007 and p = 0.004,respectively). CALR type 2 was the most frequent mutation of CALR detected in 55.55% of CALR mutated. Six of seven patients with thrombotic events harbored JAK2V617F mutation.ConclusionThe prevalence of driver mutations JAK2V617F or CALR mutations was 77.2% in Tunisian ET patients. Moreover, patients with JAK2 V617F mutation had a higher risk of thrombosis. The mutational status is necessary to improve the diagnosis and contribute to the therapeutic decisions.
Circular RNA hsa_circ_0043688 serves as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA‐145‐5p to promote the progression of Keloids via Fibroblast growth factor‐2
Authors: Liu Ye , Wang Xin , Ni Ziqiao , Li Yinqiu , Song Jiaqian , Zhu Fei , li Xiaojing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundKeloids are benign fibroproliferative skin tumors. Circular RNA (circRNA) hsa_circ_0043688 has been exhibited to the freakishly expressed in keloid tissues. Here, we aimed to investigate the regulatory network of hsa_circ_0043688 in the pathological process of keloid.MethodsHsa_circ_0043688, microRNA‐145‐5p (miR‐145‐5p), and Fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF2) level were detected using RT‐qPCR. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were investigated using Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8), 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry, transwell, and wound healing assays, respectively. Western blot analysis of protein levels of FGF2, CyclinD1, Collagen I, and Collagen III. After the prediction of Circinteractome and Starbase, their interaction was verified based on a dual‐luciferase reporter and RIP assays.ResultsIncreased hsa_circ_0043688 and FGF2, and decreased miR‐145‐5p in keloids samples and fibroblasts were found. Also, hsa_circ_0043688 absence hindered proliferation, invasion, migration, and boost apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts. In mechanism, hsa_circ_0043688 modulated FGF2 content via sponging miR‐145‐5p.ConclusionHsa_circ_0043688 knockdown inhibited cell growth and metastasis of keloid fibroblasts via miR‐145‐5p/FGF2, providing a new mechanism to understand the keloid progression.
The influence of SARS‐CoV‐2 on semen parameters of infected infertile male in comparison with those that noninfected
Authors: Ali Baida Rihan , Atiyah Saad A. , T. Yser Heba , M. Khelewe Ahmed , Hameed Hameed N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease (COVID‐19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS COV‐2 that has spread globally, the virus can cause different pathological alterations in many organs, such as the lung, kidney, and testis. The study aimed to determine the effect of COVID‐19 on the seminal fluid parameters of infected infertile males compared with those who are noninfected.MethodsThe study was performed in Al‐Hussein Teaching Hospital during the period from September to November, 2021 and it involved 318 patients. The patients’ info included age, address, and vaccination. The sperm count, activity, and morphology were detected using Computer‐assisted semen analysis CASA (Microptic‐Spain) according to the WHO manual.ResultsThere were high significant differences between the infertile males who were infected with COVID‐ 19 and those who were vaccinated (X2 = 12.509, p = 0.001). A high significant relation (p < 0.001) was recorded between types of infection severity and volume of semen (p < 0.001) and nonprogress life sperm (C) (p < 0.001). While significant differences were shown in the moderate progression sperm (B) (p = 0.012), and morphology (p = 0.02), respectively. High significant differences were reported between the types of infection severity (count of the sperm, presence of pus, B, C and D), (p < 0.001), while a significant difference was shown between severity types in relation to A and morphology of the sperms (p = 0.021 and 0.015), respectively.ConclusionThe severity of COVID‐19 has a significant impact on infertility and sperm parameters, particularly progression and sperm morphology, despite the fact that these parameters are unrelated to vaccination.
A case of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and literature review
Authors: Han Yu , Ding Bingjie , Li Mengjuan , Song Xuewen , Liu Liu , Zhou Hu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo discuss the clinical features of a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT).MethodsThe clinical data of one patient with HHT are retrospectively analysed. In addition, we review the relevant literature.ResultsA 32‐year‐old male patient was admitted to the hematology outpatient department of our hospital and presented with intermittent epistaxis for 24 years. In recent years, he was diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. The nasal endoscopic examination showed telangiectasia at the front of the right‐middle turbinate and the left nasal cavity. He had ENG genetic mutation positivity.ConclusionsPatients with HHT may suffer from many complications, including bleeding, anemia, iron deficiency, and high‐output heart failure. These patients may have telangiectasias and arteriovenous malformations in various organs.
Bone disease in early detected Gaucher Type I disease: A case report
Authors: Gragnaniello Vincenza , Burlina Alessandro P. , Manara Renzo , Cazzorla Chiara , Rubert Laura , Gueraldi Daniela , Toniolli Ermanno , Quaia Emilio , Burlina Alberto B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal disorder characterized by the storage of glucosylceramide in macrophages (“Gaucher cells”), particularly in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. The most common phenotype, GD type 1, usually presents with hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenias, and sometimes bone involvement at variable age. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is available and effective, but some severe manifestations are irreversible (e.g., osteonecrosis), so that early treatment is crucial. We describe a 4‐year‐old Albanian male with GD type 1, diagnosed through newborn screening (NBS), presented during follow up with multiple osteonecrotic areas in both femurs. He had no other symptoms or signs of disease, except for increasing of lyso‐Gb1 biomarker. Early initiation of ERT allowed a partial improvement of bone lesions. Our case highlights the importance of NBS for GD and of close follow‐up of presymptomatic patients, especially if biomarker levels are increasing. In the absence of NBS, GD should be considered in patients who present with bone lesions, also isolated. Early diagnosis and treatment improve the course of disease and avoid irreversible sequelae.
Using the daily change in the Southern Oscillation Index to develop analogues and the relationship to severe weather outbreaks
Authors: Renken Joseph S. , Brown Caleb L. , Kennedy Grace , Mainguy Jacques , Wergelas Nicholas , Lupo Anthony R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe occurrence of severe weather is an annual problem for much of the United States and North America and maximizes from March through June. With the increased interest in subseasonal weather forecasting, there have been attempts to anticipate the occurrence of anomalous weather on the timescale of one to 4 weeks including the occurrence of severe weather. Previous research has shown that teleconnection indices, associated with long period Rossby wave activity, or persistent large‐scale flow regimes have been useful tools in this endeavour. Here, abrupt changes over a 24–72‐hr period (10 or more units per day or 20 or more units over 3 days) in the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) time series will be used to demonstrate that these changes can be associated with the possible occurrence of major severe weather event‐days defined as; 20 or more tornado, 155 or more wind speed events >25.9 m·s−1, or 135 or more hail diameter larger than 25.4 mm, reports over the United States one to 3 weeks in advance, especially during the March through June period. The severe weather events obtained from the archive at the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) from 1991 through 2020 were used. The results here demonstrate that more than 7 in 10 major severe weather occurrences were associated with abrupt positive and negative changes in the daily SOI when using signal detection methods.
Survival and fidelity of translocated and resident burrowing owls in Arizona
Authors: Doublet Dejeanne D. , Abadi Fitsum , Johnson David H. , Desmond Martha J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGiven the rapid pace of urbanization, mitigation translocations are increasingly being used to reduce human‐wildlife conflicts, especially to move animals out of the path of land development. Burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) are commonly subjected to translocations because of their association with flat, open lands that are attractive to development. But outcomes of burrowing owl translocations and the effects they have on their demographic parameters are seldom documented. From 2017–2019, we tracked the fates of 42 resident (non‐translocated) burrowing owls and 43 translocated owls using very high frequency radio‐telemetry across 4 release sites in southcentral Arizona, USA. Translocations were conducted by Wild At Heart (WAH), a non‐profit raptor rehabilitation program, and owls were moved from areas with planned development activities to release sites that contained artificial burrows. Each year, WAH held translocated owls in groups of 6–10 owls with varying male to female ratios in aviaries prior to taking the owls to release sites where the owls stayed in soft‐release tents for an acclimation period of 30 days before release. Resident owls were located at or near the 4 release sites. We used the joint live encounter and dead recovery model to evaluate differences in survival and fidelity probabilities between resident (non‐translocated) and translocated burrowing owls and to assess factors that influenced these probabilities including sex, year, site, captivity duration, and the number of males in release cohorts for translocated owls. Annual survival was consistently lower for translocated owls (0.35, 95% CI = 0.10, 0.61 and 0.01, 95% CI = 0.00, 0.03 for 2017 and 2018, respectively) compared to resident owls (0.68, 95% CI = 0.45, 0.92 and 0.69, 95% CI = 0.47, 0.90 for 2017 and 2018, respectively). Annual fidelity was lower for translocated owls (0.05, 95% CI = 0.00, 0.15) compared to resident owls (0.79, 95% CI = 0.57, 1.00) in 2018, but fidelity did not differ significantly between translocated (0.54, 95% CI = 0.19, 0.89) and resident owls (0.62, 95% CI = 0.37, 0.87) in 2017. For translocated owls, the number of males in release cohorts negatively affected survival ( = −0.74, 95% CI = −1.07, −0.40) and fidelity ( = −0.73, 95% CI = −1.17, −0.29). Our results indicate the need for substantial changes to the current translocation methodology for burrowing owls in Arizona. Breeding season releases that included owl groups and multiple males within cohorts resulted in agonistic interactions, high mortality, and low fidelity. Translocations of this territorial species should be restricted to male‐female pairs or single individuals. Earlier releases may allow owls time to become established on release sites prior to the breeding season, which could promote fidelity. We recommend these changes be implemented and evaluated along with an examination of other release methods.
Columbian sharp‐tailed grouse brood success and chick survival in a wind‐energy landscape
Authors: Proett Matt , Roberts Shane B. , Messmer Terry A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractColumbian sharp‐tailed grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus) have experienced range‐wide population declines, primarily as a result of habitat loss or degradation, and currently occupy <10% of their historical range. Expansion of wind‐energy development across the current, occupied Columbian sharp‐tailed grouse range is a potential threat to the subspecies. To assess the potential effects of wind‐energy development on vital rates of Columbian sharp‐tailed grouse offspring, we monitored 68 broods of radio‐marked females captured at 11 leks in restored grasslands within 14 km of a 215‐turbine wind‐energy development complex in eastern Idaho, USA from 2014–2015. We assessed the influence of wind turbine density, habitat characteristics, brood‐rearing female age, hatch date, and weather on brood success and chick survival using an information‐theoretic model selection approach. Wind turbine density did not influence early (14‐day) brood success, but there was weak evidence for a negative effect of wind turbine density on late (42‐day) brood success. There was strong evidence that increasing turbine density within the late brood‐rearing home range negatively affected chick survival to 42 days after hatch. The probability of an individual chick surviving to 42 days decreased by 50% when there were ≥10 wind turbines within 2,100 m of the nest. Late brood success and chick survival increased with earlier hatch dates. There was weak evidence for positive effects of post‐hatch precipitation on early brood success and chick survival and weak evidence that adult females had higher early brood success than yearlings. Habitat characteristics such as vegetation composition in restored grasslands were poor predictors of offspring survival. Multiple variables, including wind‐energy development, are important to Columbian sharp‐tailed grouse brood success and chick survival. Wildlife managers should consider the potential for negative impacts of wind‐energy development on Columbian sharp‐tailed grouse recruitment when addressing wind‐energy siting and mitigation.
Solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of bacterial outer membrane proteins in natively excreted vesicles using engineered Escherichia coli
Authors: Mouhib Mohammed , Chi Celestine N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGaining structural information on membrane proteins in their native lipid environment is a long‐standing challenge in molecular biology. Instead, it is common to employ membrane mimetics, which has been shown to affect protein structure, dynamics, and function severely. Here, we describe the incorporation of a bacterial outer membrane protein (OmpW) into natively excreted membrane vesicles for solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy using a mutant Escherichia coli strain with a high outer membrane vesicle (OMV) production rate. We collected NMR spectra from both vesicles containing overexpressed OmpW and vesicles from a control strain to account for the presence of physiologically relevant outer membrane proteins in vesicles and observed distinct resonance signals from OmpW. Due to the increased production of OMVs and the use of non‐uniform sampling techniques we were able to obtain high‐resolution 2D (HSQC) and 3D (HNCO) NMR spectra of our target protein inside its native lipid environment. While this workflow is not yet sufficient to achieve in situ structure determination, our results pave the way for further research on vesicle‐based solution NMR spectroscopy.