bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative training modality for sacral neuromodulation (SNM): Patient‐specific computerized tomography (CT) reconstructed 3D‐printed training system: ICS School of Modern Technology novel training modality
Authors: Aydogan Tahsin B. , Patel Mittal , Digesu Alex , Mourad Sherif , Castro Diaz David , Ezer Mehmet , Huri Emre 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionSacral neuromodulation (SNM) is an effective treatment of urinary and bowel dysfunction, including secondary to neurological disorders. The learning curve for the optimal electrode placement for SNM is steep, expensive, and limited by patient factors such as obesity and previous injuries. We aim to create a patient specific 3‐dimensional (3D) model for successful SNM training.Materials and MethodsA total of 26 urology residents who had different level of knowledge and experience were enrolled to the 3D SNM training program. The creation of 3D sacrum model has been started with evaluation of real patient computerized tomography images and creation of Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine files. The segmented anatomic structures from the files then edited and stereolithographic files were generated for 3D‐model prints via Mimics© software. The 3D‐printed models were used for training and evaluation of participants during the SNM intervention was performed. The evaluation of 3D SNM model training was led by one mentor who is expert on SNM.ResultsOn the preprinted 3D sacrum model all 26 participants were requested to perform the essential steps to complete a SNM procedure and individual procedure time was recorded. The mean and median scores were 18.8 and 19, respectively according to Likert scores (min 11 max 28).ConclusionsSNM is increasing in popularity as a treatment option with physicians and patients with refractory symptoms. Few experienced specialists exist, and more effective training methods are needed to tackle the increasing demand, and individual patient anatomy.
Laying the foundation for enhancing safety of desmopressin in older people: Validation of capillary blood sodium levels
Authors: Verbakel Irina , Maenhout Thomas , Petrovic Mirko , Weiss Jeffrey , Van Laecke Erik , Delanghe Joris , Everaert Karel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeWe aim to make desmopressin a safe treatment option for (older) patients at risk for hyponatremia, by introducing a new way of sodium monitoring. The goal is to reduce the risk of hyponatremia, enhance patient safety and ultimately introduce self‐monitoring of sodium levels. The first step in the aforementioned is to validate capillary sodium.Materials and Methods100 randomly selected patients admitted to the urology department received a single finger prick to collect capillary blood (250 µl) in a lithium‐heparin tube. Each patient acted as its own control for the capillary and venous blood sample. Venous and capillary plasma sodium were analyzed by indirect ion‐selective electrode measurement. The primary outcome was the agreement between capillary and venous sodium measurements, measured by the intra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsOne hundred paired blood samples were obtained of which four were excluded. There was no significant statistical difference observed between venous and capillary sodium (−0.23 mmol/L, p = 0.374). The ICC for single measures between capillary and venous sodium was 0.82 (95% confidence interval 0.75–0.88). Inter‐method differences analyzed by a Bland–Altman plot and a Passing–Bablock regression did not reveal a statistically significant difference between both groups.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that venous and capillary sodium levels are interchangeable, taken into account the inter‐ and intravariability between analyses. We provided the first step towards a simple and safe solution for frequent sodium monitoring through a minimal invasive capillary blood collection. The results are of direct clinical relevance to safely use desmopressin in (older) patients at risk.
The burden and predictors of late antenatal booking in a rural setting in Ghana
Authors: Oduro Charlotte Afful , Opoku Douglas Aninng , Osarfo Joseph , Fuseini Adam , Attua Ama Asamaniwa , Owusu‐Ansah Efua , Issah Shamwill , Barfi Augustine , Kwadzodeh Ephraim Foanor , Mohammed Aliyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and key predictors of late booking among pregnant women accessing antenatal care services in a rural district of Ghana.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsData on demographic characteristics, knowledge of accessing antenatal care services and booking gestation were collected from 163 randomly selected pregnant women accessing accessing antenatal care in rural Ghana from 1 March 2022 to 30 April 2022 using a structured questionnaire. The chi‐square and logistic regression were used to explore associations between exposure and dependent variables.ResultsThe prevalence of late accessing antenatal care booking among study participants was 44.8% (73/163). About 79.1% (129/163) of them had adequate knowledge of accessing antenatal care services. Maternal age of 35–49 years (AOR: 8.53, 95% CI: 2.41–30.12), participants whose partners had no formal education (AOR: 3.43, 95% CI: 1.03–11.39) and participants with adequate knowledge about accessing antenatal care services (AOR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.07–0.62) were associated with late booking for accessing antenatal care services among study participants.
Assessing service provision and outcomes at the Canberra Obesity Management Service: A retrospective chart review
Authors: Burns Ryan , Firman Elise , Huang Hsin‐Chia Carol 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the multidisciplinary care model of the Canberra Obesity Management Service (COMS) with regard to patient demographics and clinical outcomes, particularly in comparison with previous COMS outcome reviews.MethodsA retrospective chart review was carried out on all patients attending an initial assessment at COMS between July 2018 and June 2019. Existing patients attending follow‐up reviews were excluded so as to avoid repeating analyses of data from previous COMS reviews. Patient data were recorded and deidentified and underwent descriptive analyses.ResultsA total of 234 patients with a mean age of 45.6 (SD = 13.9) years, mean BMI of 50.1 kg/m2 (SD = 8.5), and a female majority (72.2%) were analyzed. Of the 165 patients who attended follow‐up appointments, 27.9% experienced ≥10% weight loss (46/165). Sleeve gastrectomy was associated with the largest mean weight reduction (15.6% at 6 months [n = 18]).ConclusionsCompared with previous COMS studies, both the throughput and proportion of participants achieving clinically meaningful weight reduction were observed to have increased. Further studies assessing service cost‐effectiveness, the development of standardized treatment pathways, and the use of a systematic data collection system would be valuable in allowing comparison between outcomes with similar obesity services in Australia and internationally.
Novel polymeric platform produced by photodegradation‐induced rearrangement for a multifunctional negative photoresist
Authors: Yu Gang , Xu Qian , Lei Zhiyou , Lu Yanbing , Xu Weijian , Wu Ruoxi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHerein, a series of polymers containing the photosensitive 2‐dinitro‐benzenemethanol carbonate (DNBC) was developed by click polymerization. Due to the unique photochemical cleavage recombination behavior of DNBC, these polymers were used as negative photoresists to create micropatterns. Furthermore, the photochemical behaviors of DNBC were studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). According the results, we speculated that the photochemical reaction of DNBC involved an initial chemical bond‐breaking process and a subsequent recombination process. Importantly, by extending the aldehyde to a branched‐chain structure, reactive patterns were developed by film preparation. Clickable amine functional molecules could be grafted upon the substrates by surface modification. Surface modification of reactive patterns with fluorescent amines gave a multifunctional pattern with tunable properties confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal fluorescence microscopy.
Prenatal intracranial hypotension syndrome in congenital cephalocele: Insights into pathophysiologic mechanisms and importance of defect coverage
Authors: Sepulveda Francisco , Montoya Francisca , Vallejos Joaquin , Sepulveda Waldo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare specific fetal cranial and cerebral findings indicative of prenatal intracranial hypotension (PICH) syndrome between open and closed cephaloceles.MethodsTwo groups of fetuses with cephalocele who underwent magnetic resonance imaging scan were selected based on the defect coverage: covered (“closed cephalocele” group, n = 4) and uncovered by skin (“open cephalocele” group, n = 8). The presence of signs associated with PICH syndrome was evaluated and findings compared between groups.ResultsCases from the open cephalocele group showed statistically significant differences in comparison with the closed cephalocele group regarding reduction of the interpeduncular angle (p = 0.006), reduced amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoid space (p = 0.01), collapsed/severely reduced fourth ventricle (p = 0.03), cephalocele content (p = 0.03), and identification of a vector traction (p = 0.03). There were no differences in the presence of cerebellar tonsillar descent, obstructive ventriculomegaly, and presence of the lemon sign. In comparison with gestational age‐matched controls, only the biparietal diameter but not the head circumference was significantly smaller in both the open and closed cephalocele groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionCongenital cephaloceles present distinct imaging behavior depending on the defect coverage. Therefore, the classification of cephalocele should include, in addition to location and content, the presence or absence of skin fully covering the defect.
Improvement of the self‐assembly of low χABA triblock copolymers with the addition of an ionic liquid
Authors: Guliyeva Aynur , Pung Hélène , Tencé‐Girault Sylvie , Rébillat Marc , Serghei Anatoli , Gervais Matthieu , Sollogoub Cyrille , Roland Sébastien 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSelf‐assembly of high molecular weight commercially available low χ ABA triblock copolymers with ionic liquids (ILs) was observed after solvent casting without the implementation of an additional annealing step. Here, the addition of an IL to a triblock copolymer poly(methyl methacrylate‐b‐butyl acrylate‐b‐methyl methacrylate) (MAM) with an elastomeric central block and rigid end blocks is proposed to tune the self‐assembled morphology. Two different compositions of this copolymer with different initial microstructures (ill‐defined morphology without long‐range order and a lamellar morphology) were selected. The selectivity of the IL addition in one of the block phases was studied through the evolution of the glass transition of both blocks. The impact of the IL weight concentration on the morphology as well as the domain spacing is presented. Adding IL to the first copolymer detected a lyotropic disorder–order transition towards a gyroid morphology, observed even for a high molecular weight copolymer due to the low χ parameter, and for higher IL content a second transition to a lamellar morphology was observed. For the second copolymer, only an order–order transition (lamellae to cylinders) could be detected at high IL content. IL also enhanced the long‐range ordering of the MAM morphology obtained through solvent casting without additional annealing steps, compared with the same composition without IL. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Flirrende Lichtspiele
Authors: Suhr Wilfried , Schlichting Hans Joachim 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungBei einem schnell rotierenden Toroflux aus glänzendem Stahlband erscheinen die Windungszwischenräume zu einem teiltransparenten Kontinuum verschmiert. Auf diesem sind Spiegelbilder von hellen Objekten in der Umgebung erkennbar. Außerdem treten je nach Hintergrund dunkle oder helle Streifen auf, die oberhalb einer Grenzgeschwindigkeit stationär im Raum schweben. Diese erstaunlichen und ästhetisch ansprechenden Phänomene lassen sich durch das Zusammenwirken von physikalischen und wahrnehmungstheoretischen Aspekten erklären.
The residual structure of acid‐denatured β2‐microglobulin is relevant to an ordered fibril morphology
Authors: Tomiyama Ryosuke , So Masatomo , Yamaguchi Keiichi , Miyanoiri Yohei , Sakurai Kazumasa 
Published: November 2022

Abstractβ2‐Microglobulin (β2m) forms amyloid fibrils in vitro under acidic conditions. Under these conditions, the residual structure of acid‐denatured β2m is relevant to seeding and fibril extension processes. Disulfide (SS) bond‐oxidized β2m has been shown to form rigid, ordered fibrils, whereas SS bond‐reduced β2m forms curvy, less‐ordered fibrils. These findings suggest that the presence of an SS bond affects the residual structure of the monomer, which subsequently influences the fibril morphology. To clarify this process, we herein performed NMR experiments. The results obtained revealed that oxidized β2m contained a residual structure throughout the molecule, including the N‐ and C‐termini, whereas the residual structure of the reduced form was localized and other regions had a random coil structure. The range of the residual structure in the oxidized form was wider than that of the fibril core. These results indicate that acid‐denatured β2m has variable conformations. Most conformations in the ensemble cannot participate in fibril formation because their core residues are hidden by residual structures. However, when hydrophobic residues are exposed, polypeptides competently form an ordered fibril. This conformational selection phase may be needed for the ordered assembly of amyloid fibrils.
Foliar micronutrient applications enhance growth and yield of huanglongbing (HLB)‐affected sweet orange
Authors: Kwakye Samuel , Kadyampakeni Davie M. , Morgan Kelly , Wright Alan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFlorida citrus production has declined by more than 70% because of Huanglongbing (HLB), and a major cause of tree decline is nutrient uptake limitations caused by HLB. This study was conducted on 6–9‐year‐old “Valencia” sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] on Swingle rootstock in the central and southwest Florida to evaluate the effects of macronutrient fertilization and foliar application of Mn and Fe on growth and yield of HLB‐affected citrus trees in Florida. Seven treatments, including a control (standard fertilization), two levels of macronutrients (1× Macro and 2× Macro), and three levels of foliar micronutrients (F‐1×, F‐2×, and F‐4×), were arranged in a randomized complete block design in two locations for 3 years. Trees subjected to 1× Macro + F‐4× showed the highest average leaf Mn concentration for both sites through all years. The treatment that contained 1× Macro + F‐2× showed at least 4% increase in canopy volume for 2020 and 2021 at the central Florida site. However, trees subjected to 1× Macro + F‐2× showed at least 12% increase in canopy volume in 2020 in southwest Florida. In 2021, the trees that were subjected to 2× Macro + F‐1× resulted in 15% greater canopy efficiency than the control at the central Florida site. In 2021, citrus trees treated with 2× Macro + F‐1× increased yield at both sites. In general, the growth parameters and yield results showed that treatments subjected to supplemental fertilization over current recommendations have strong potential to increase citrus growth and yield.
Distributed fiscal relations and their imaginaries: Metaphors of redistribution and reciprocity in struggles about distributive justice in Austria
Authors: Streinzer Andreas 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThe article analyzes struggles about distributive justice in Austria, one of the wealthiest countries globally, and proposes a reinforced focus on how metaphors of redistribution and reciprocity create fiscal imaginaries. It analyzes how politicians, lobbyists, and activists strategically mobilize these metaphors in corporate and wealth taxation debates. Campaigns against wealth taxation portray wealth taxation as negative reciprocity and a threat to an imagined middle class. Those arguing in favor of them create images of unjustly appropriated value that needs to be redistributed. The article analyzes those shifts between notions of redistribution and reciprocity and the fiscal imaginaries created through these debates. Notably, the article argues for the necessity to embed discursive analysis within an understanding of contemporary capitalisms. It contrasts the fiscal imaginaries with challenges of fiscal relations, most importantly the distributed character of capital accumulation and the dilemma of the tax state, as governments orchestrate accumulation to capture parts of its value generated via taxation.
Design and Synthesis of Axial‐Chirality‐Containing Guanidine Catalysts
Authors: Iwakura Manaya , Ikeue Takahisa , Nakata Kenya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, novel axial‐chirality‐containing guanidine catalysts were designed and synthesized, and their catalytic ability was systematically evaluated. In the presence of only 0.5 mol % catalytic loading, the catalysts were found to act efficiently in the silylative kinetic resolution of racemic 1‐indanols. Furthermore, a variety of substrates were applicable for the reaction with good‐to‐high s‐values.
The Winner Takes It All: Carbon Supersedes Hexagonal Boron Nitride with Graphene on Transition Metals at High Temperatures
Authors: Hemmi Adrian , Seitsonen Ari Paavo , Greber Thomas , Cun Huanyao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe production of high‐quality hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) is essential for the ultimate performance of 2D materials‐based devices, since it is the key 2D encapsulation material. Here, a decisive guideline is reported for fabricating high‐quality h‐BN on transition metals. It is crucial to exclude carbon from the h‐BN related process, otherwise carbon prevails over boron and nitrogen due to its larger binding energy, thereupon forming graphene on metals after high‐temperature annealing. The surface reaction‐assisted conversion from h‐BN to graphene with high‐temperature treatments is demonstrated. The pyrolysis temperature Tp is an important quality indicator for h‐BN/metals. When the temperature is lower than Tp, the quality of the h‐BN layer is improved upon annealing. While the annealing temperature is above Tp, in case of carbon‐free conditions, the h‐BN disintegrates and nitrogen desorbs from the surface more easily than boron, eventually leading to clean metal surfaces. However, once the h‐BN layer is exposed to carbon, graphene forms on Pt(111) in the high‐temperature regime. This not only provides an indispensable principle (avoid carbon) for fabricating high‐quality h‐BN materials on transition metals, but also offers a straightforward method for the surface reaction‐assisted conversion from h‐BN to graphene on Pt(111).
On‐Demand Removable Self‐Healing and pH‐Responsive Europium‐Releasing Adhesive Dressing Enables Inflammatory Microenvironment Modulation and Angiogenesis for Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Fu Meimei , Zhao Yitao , Wang Yue , Li Yue , Wu Min , Liu Qi , Hou Zhiguo , Lu Zhihui , Wu Keke , Guo Jinshan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCurrent diabetic wound treatments remain unsatisfactory due to the lack of a comprehensive strategy that can integrate strong applicability (tissue adhesiveness, shape adaptability, fast self‐healability, and facile dressing change) with the initiation and smooth connection of the cascade wound healing processes. Herein, benefiting from the multifaceted bonding ability of tannic acid to metal ions and various polymers, a family of tannin–europium coordination complex crosslinked citrate‐based mussel‐inspired bioadhesives (TE‐CMBAs) are specially developed for diabetic wound healing. TE‐CMBAs can gel instantly (< 60 s), possess favorable shape‐adaptability, considerable mechanical strengths, high elasticity, considerable wet tissue adhesiveness (≈40 kPa), favorable photothermal antimicrobial activity, excellent anti‐oxidant activity, biocompatibility, and angiogenetic property. The reversible hydrogen bond crosslinking and sensitive metal–phenolic coordination also confers TE‐CMBAs with self‐healability, pH‐responsive europium ion and TA releasing properties and on‐demand removability upon mixing with borax solution, enabling convenient painless dressing change and the smooth connection of inflammatory microenvironment modulation, angiogenesis promotion, and effective extracellular matrix production leveraging the acidic pH condition of diabetic wounds. This adhesive dressing provides a comprehensive regenerative strategy for diabetic wound management and can be extended to other complicated tissue healing scenarios.
Long‐term shear strength of RC beams based on a mechanical model that considers reinforcing steel corrosion
Authors: Frontera Alejandro , Cladera Antoni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCorrosion of stirrups (generally with small diameters and concrete covers) significantly affects the shear strength of reinforced concrete elements. As shear failures may lead to brittle collapses, hence the need to avoid them during structures' entire service life. The Compression Chord Capacity Model (CCCM), a shear mechanical model, was recently extended to predict the strength of corrosion‐damaged beams by identifying the model parameters that could be most affected by steel corrosion. In this paper, the CCCM is combined with two material deterioration models included in the new Spanish Structural Code, and considers carbonation of concrete or chloride ions, to predict long‐term shear strength evolution. Finally, a parametric analysis is carried out to explore the effect of the most influential parameters on shear strength degradation according to the used models and depending on different exposure classes.
Chlorphoxim induces neurotoxicity in zebrafish embryo through activation of oxidative stress
Authors: Xiong Yanxia , Wang Chengyuan , Dong Mengyi , Li Meifeng , Hu Chengyu , Xu Xiaowen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is known that chlorphoxim is a broad‐spectrum and high‐effective pesticide. With the wide use in agricultural practice, chlorphoxim residue is also frequently detected in water, but its potential toxicity to aquatic life is still unclear. In this study, zebrafish is used as a model to detect the toxicity of chlorphoxim. Our results showed that exposure of high concentration of chlorphoxim at 96 h post‐fertilization (hpf) resulted in a high mortality and pericardium edema rate, a low hatchability rate and heart rate. The nervous system damage, swimming behavior alteration and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition were measured in zebrafish embryos after a 6 days post‐fertilization (dpf) of chlorphoxim exposure. The expression of neural‐related genes is abnormal in zebrafish embryos. Chlorphoxim exposure significantly increases oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos by inhibiting antioxidant enzyme (SOD and CAT) and activating reactive oxygen species (ROS). As expected, chlorphoxim exposure induces apoptosis by enhancing the expression of apoptotic genes (Bax, Bcl2, and p53). Astaxanthin (ATX), an effective antioxidant, was found to be able to rescue the neurotoxicity of chlorphoxim through relieving oxidative stress and apoptosis. Altogether, the results showed that chlorphoxim exposure led to severe neurotoxicity to zebrafish embryos, which was contributed to a more comprehensive understanding of the safety use of the organophosphorus pesticide.