bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic Versus Open Ankle Arthrodesis
Authors: Abuhantash Monther , Veljkovic Andrea , Wing Kevin , Gagne Oliver , Qian Hong , Wong Hubert , Sadr Hooman , Penner Murray , Younger Alastair 
Published: July 2022

Background:
End-stage ankle arthritis has long been managed surgically with open ankle arthrodesis (OAA). Since the first published report in 1983, arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis (AAA) has been thought to be associated with improved patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and fewer complications. The purpose of the present study was to compare the long-term PROMs, major complications, and reoperations for these 2 approaches at up to 15 years of follow-up.

Methods:
This longitudinal cohort study included patients at our institution who underwent primary ankle arthrodesis for the treatment of end-stage arthritis. Demographic data and preoperative COFAS (Canadian Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) ankle arthritis type were collected for all patients. PROMs were completed preoperatively, at 6 months, and annually thereafter to 5 years. PROMs were compared at all time points with use of a mixed-effects regression model that adjusted for preoperative variables and scores. Major complications and reoperations at the site of the ankle arthrodesis were also compared.

Results:
Of 1,294 patients who were screened for inclusion, 351 who had undergone ankle arthrodesis between 2003 and 2019 were eligible for the study. Of those, 223 had undergone AAA and 128 had undergone OAA. The 2 groups were similar preoperatively with respect to demographics, but COFAS Type-4 arthritis was relatively more common in the OAA group and Type-1 arthritis was relatively more common in the AAA group. In addition, the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS) score and Ankle Arthritis Score (AAS) were better in the AAA group. In the mixed-effects model analysis, the differences in postoperative outcome scores between the groups were not significant. The risk of revision due to malunion or nonunion was similar in both groups (6% in the AAA group, compared with 4% in the OAA group). Deep infection and wound complications did not occur in the arthroscopic group but occurred in 4% of the patients in the OAA group.

Conclusions:
After adjustment for baseline patient characteristics, there were no differences in PROMs between the 2 techniques. Ankle arthrodeses done arthroscopically had a similar revision rate but lower infection rate compared with those done with the open technique.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Influences of Metallic Biomaterial Design and Imaging Sequences on Mri Interpretation Challenges Due to Image Artefact
Authors: AKDOGAN Gulsen , ISTANBULLU Omer Burak 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bio-metals cause signal loss and susceptibility artifact at the surrounding tissue resulting in deterioration in the Magnetic Resonance (MR) images. This metal-artifact effect may lead to interpretation challenges for MR images. Therefore, reducing the artifact is required to obtain higher-quality images. This paper aims to analyze the effects of imaging sequence and metallic biomaterial design on MR-image artifacts. With this respect, implant specimens were designed in thin, thick, and pointed forms, manufactured using 316LVM, 316L, CoCr-alloy, and Ti-alloy which are common materials in the biomaterials field. Specimens were placed in a phantom which simulates average human anatomy separately, scanned in a 1.5T MRI under four imaging conditions, “Axial-T1-Gradient-Echo (GRE)”, “Sagittal-T1-GRE”, “Axial-T2-Spin-Echo (SE)” and “Sagittal-T2-SE”. Images were analyzed regarding image artifact amount. It was concluded that the higher magnetic susceptibility of 316LVM SS caused %87 more deterioration than Ti-alloy specimens in the obtained MR images with the mean image artifact to specimen size ratio of 2.77. Thinner designs provided better performance regarding the metal artifact by reducing the artifact to specimen size ratio down to 0.66. T2SE provided obtaining 1.77 times better image quality than T1GRE for clinical interpretation. It can be concluded that image artifact directly depends on material content, geometry, and imaging sequence selection. Minor artifact effect of T2SE provide obtaining more accurate MR images than T1GRE regarding the interpretation of the images of the patients with bio-metal. The higher magnetic susceptibility of bio-metal causes more deterioration of the images.
Gabor Representation Combination of PCNN Deep Learning Method for Expression Recognition
Authors: 姚 丽莎 , Zhao Haifeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Traditional recognition methods are simple to extract features and need to be manually extracted with high complexity and unstable accuracy. The expression recognition method of deep learning still has the problems of poor network representation ability and low recognition rate. In order to fully represent the complex texture and edge features of expression images, a deep learning method of expression recognition based on Gabor representation combined with PCNN was proposed. Firstly, different Gabor representations are obtained through a set of Gabor filter banks with different proportions and directions, and the corresponding convolutional neural network model is trained to generate G-CNNs. Then, the Pulse Coupled Neural Network (PCNN) was introduced to fuse the different outputs of G-CNNs. Experiments in CK+ and JAFFE databases show that the average recognition rates of this method obtained 94.87% and 96.91%. Compared with other methods, the proposed method achieves a better recognition effect.
Identifying recurrence risk factors in CT-confirmed acute appendicitis in adults managed non-operatively during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Richards Chris B , Pendower Laura K , Kotecha Pinky D , Elmqvist Karl , Chinaka Fungayi N , Tomasi Ivan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background/ObjectiveAcute appendicitis is predominantly managed with appendectomy, but can be treated non-operatively, leading to recurrence risk. Non-operative management has been more common since the COVID-19 pandemic affected the feasibility of performing surgery. This case-control study analyzed non-operatively managed patients in order to identify clinical and radiological factors associated with recurrence risk. MethodsOver 12 months, 48 adults with CT-proven acute appendicitis managed non-operatively were identified, and followed up for at least 6 further months to assess them for recurrence (reattendance to hospital more than 14 days after discharge and after symptom resolution, requiring treatment for appendicitis). Clinical and CT data were collected and a Cox regression survival analysis was performed to produce hazards ratios. ResultsOf the 48 patients, 12 (25%) experienced a recurrence up until the end of the follow-up period, 8 of whom were then treated operatively. On the univariate analysis, greater recurrence risk was observed in patients with diabetes mellitus, higher pulse rate (on admission and maximum value during admission), lower white cell count and neutrophils and appendiceal wall thinning on CT. On the multivariate analysis, diabetes mellitus (hazards ratio=7.72, p=0.021) and higher pulse rate (hazards ratio=1.08, p=0.018) were associated with statistically significant greater recurrence risk. ConclusionsDiabetes mellitus and higher pulse rate on admission are associated with greater recurrence risk of acute appendicitis managed non-operatively. No CT findings were associated with greater risk. Clinicians should therefore consider diabetes mellitus and pulse rate when making decisions on appendicitis management, during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.
Commercial cow’s milk supplementation affects synaptic proteins and behavioral patterns in mice
Authors: Lemos Felipe , Prins Caio , Martinez Ana , Carpi-Santos Raul , Neumann Arthur S , Luisetto Roberto , Mello-Coelho Valéria , Oliveira Felipe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cow's milk, a bioactive cocktail with essential nutritional factors widely consumed during early childhood development, has been associated with allergic responses, immune cell activation and typical autistic behaviors in children. In order to investigate whether cow’s milk consumption regulates autistic behavior, we used BALB/c mouse as experimental model because they were described by low sociability, significant stereotypes and restrict interest features. The major aims were focused in to investigate whether milk supplementation triggers mechanisms that interfere with behavioral patterns in genetically predisposed mice. Animals received orally commercial cow’s milk or water (controls), three times per day for one week. Milk consumption affected the distribution of Drebrin and Shank-3, both post-synaptic proteins, in the cerebral cortex. By immunohistochemistry and histomorphometry, we found that Drebrin+ and Shank-3+ cells significantly decreased in the cortex. No significant changes were observed in cortical cells expressing Synapotophysin (pre-synaptic protein). The milk intake enhanced the number of Iba-1+ cells in the cortical brain and cerebellum, and the number of Purkinje cells expressing nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), suggesting neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress signals, respectively. These histological changes were correlated with disturbances on behavioral patterns after milk consumption. Mice supplemented with milk amplified pre-existing atypic movements, including significant stereotypies, restrict interest and low sociability. In addition, Global Motility Test revealed that milk-treated mice moved in repeated paths on the border of open field arena, exploring 40% less its perimeter than control group. On the other hand, milk consumption did not interfere with velocity, total distance explored, motor functions, fine motor skills or sensibility in hind limb paws of BALB/c mice. In conclusion, we suggest that milk consumption in genetically predisposed mice amplificated atypic behaviors involving mechanisms linked to synapse, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress regulation.
Medium and long-term effects of computerised cognitive training on cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes of people with mild cognitive impairment: Protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Sabates Julieta , Drake Marnie , Folmer Maximiliano , Lax Guido S. , Hampstead Benjamin M. , Bahar-Fuchs Alex 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a state of declining cognitive abilities with conserved everyday functioning. MCI has been linked with increased risk of dementia. Several non-pharmacological interventions have been investigated in this population. Computerised cognitive training (CCT) is a cognition-oriented treatment aimed at improving cognition. Most of the research on CCT has focused on the immediate or short-term effects on cognition and function of people with MCI. Thus, the aim of this review is to synthesise the current evidence on the medium- and long-term effects of CCT on people with MCI.Furthermore, this will be the first meta-analysis to be conducted with www.cogtale.com, an online repository of cognition-oriented treatment studies that automatises several steps of the evidence synthesis process.
New network analysis of therapeutic targets of human urine stem cells after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion
Authors: Chen Ji-Lin , Li Na , Liu Wen-Qiang , Zuo Zhong-Fu , Wang Ting-Hua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: In order to verify that human urine stem cells can improve the neurological function of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion through animal experiments, and then analyze the changes of gene network of human urine stem cell transplantation on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion through bioinformatics. Methods: Human urine stem cells were cultured, and then the model was established in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Human urine stem cells were transplanted through the lateral ventricle. The success of the model was verified by behavioral NSS score. Using the keywords "Cerebral reperfusion" and "human urine stem cells", gene targets were searched and downloaded in Genecards, and the downloaded gene targets were made into The Venny intersection plot, and the resulting intersection genes were used. PubMed and CN.ORG searched literatures by keywords "Cerebral ischemia reperfusion, Stem cell transplantation" and sorted out genes that had been reported and not reported in the intersection genes. GO analysis, KEGG pathway analysis and PPI protein interaction map were used to analyze the interaction between genes. Results: Behavioral NSS score data were obtained on 1 day. Compared with the SHAM group, the neurological function of THE BI rats was significant. After injection of human urine stem cells into the lateral ventricle, the neurological function injury of the BI+USCs=LV group was higher than that of the BI group, P=0.028, which was statistically significant. There were 258 overlapping genes between Cerebral ischemia and human urine stem cells, and the remaining 252 overlapping genes were screened by PubMed and CNKI. GO enrichment analysis mainly involved neutrophil degranulation, neutrophil activation involved in immune response and platelet Positive regulation of degranulation, Hemostasis, blood coagulation, coagulation, etc. KEGG pathway analysis mainly involved Complement and coagulation cascades, ECM-receptor interaction, Hub gene was screened as:：CD44, ACTB, FN1,ITGB1, PLG, CASP3, ALB, HSP90AA1, EGF, GAPDH. We predict that these 10 genes have a regulatory role in cerebral ischemia reperfusionConclusion: Through animal experiments, it has been verified that human urine stem cells can improve the neural function of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats, and by studying their interaction relationship, enrichment analysis and pathway analysis, it has been expounded that human urine stem cells can regulate the functional recovery of cerebral ischemia.
Constructing Immune Related Prognosis Score Based on Signatures to Predict the Benefit of Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Xiang Jun , Li JunHu , Liu YunXiao , Jing HaoYu , Fan BoYang , Cheng XiaoNan , Zhang Hao , Wang Yang , Wang ChunLin , Chang ZeWen , Wang HuFei , Liu ShiHao , Hu HanQing , Yu Lei , Wang GuiYu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Since FDA approved immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of colorectal cancer in 2017, there have been significant differences in the response of colorectal cancer patients to immune checkpoint inhibitors. In order to achieve better clinical benefits in patients with colorectal cancer in immunotherapy, we urgently need to find a biomarker to evaluate whether colorectal cancer patients respond to immunotherapy. The ssGSEA was implemented to construct immune related prognostic score (IRPS) of 2740 patients in 19 cohorts. Subsequently, an extensive analysis was performed to explore the relationship between IRPS and immune score, prognostic significance, microsatellite status, immunogenomic factors, cancer genotype. The IRPS is correlated to important immunophenotypic factors such as neoantigen load and mutation load. Further analysis confirmed that patients with high IRPS had a better response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Based on these results, we can find that the IRPS may be an available tool for the prediction of immunotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer patients.
Differences in prescribing antibiotics for urinary tract infections: a cross-sectional study among general practitioners in Croatia
Authors: Vojvodić Željko , Popović Branislava , Quadranti Nives Radošević 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The spread of multidrug-resistant urinary pathogens in the outpatient setting requires strict adherence in prescribing the first-line antibiotics. We aimed to analyze the utilization of antibiotics for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a sample of general practitioners (GPs) in uncomplicated and complicated infections together, and independently for uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (uLUTIs) in women over 18 years. Prescribing of the first-line antimicrobials and fluoroquinolones was compared with the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC) quality indicators.
Methods
A cross sectional study on a sample of 42 GPs from all over Croatia was conducted between 1th March to 31th October 2019. Prescriptions related to diagnoses of UTIs were collected from electronic medical records, on a monthly basis, and consumption expressed in the absolute number of prescriptions and prescription rates per 100 patients. Additionally, the percentage of antibiotics for UTIs compared to the overall antibiotic consumption for systemic use and the relationship between clinical experience and specialization with the prescribing rates were analyzed.
Results
Out of 24,117 prescriptions of all antibiotics for systemic use (ATC J01), 22% were issued for both complicated and uncomplicated urinary infections in both sexes, and 14.8% for acute cystitis in women over 18 years of age. The prescription rates per 100 patients were 37,5/100 for antibiotics for systemic use, 7,9/100 for antibiotics in all UTIs and 5,3/100 for uLUTIs. Large differences between the highest and lowest prescribing rates/ 100 patients (6 times) have been recorded, not related to the number of patients in care. Prescribing rates did not differ significantly with regard to length of service and specialization. Most physicians prescribed outside the recommended ranges according to ESAC prescribing quality indicators.
Conclusion
Empirical treatment of UTIs in a sample of GPs was suboptimal regarding quality criteria. Large individual differences in the prescriptive practice were not related to the number of patients in care, but occurred probably due to incorrectly adopted prescriptive habits.
Adapting brief problem-solving therapy to improve health of women with antenatal depressive symptoms in primary healthcare in rural Ethiopia
Authors: Bitew Tesera , Keynejad Roxanne , Myers Bronwyn , Honikman Simone , Sorsdahl Katherine , Hanlon Charlotte 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Evidence-based brief psychological interventions are safe and effective for the treatment of antenatal depressive symptoms. However, adaptation of such interventions for low and middle-income countries has not been prioritized. This study aimed to select and adapt a brief psychological intervention for women with antenatal depressive symptoms attending primary healthcare (PHC) in rural Ethiopia. Methods: We employed the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for development and evaluation of complex interventions. Alongside this, we used the ADAPT-ITT model of process adaptation and the Ecological Validity Model (EVM) to guide content adaptation. We conducted formative work, comprising a qualitative study, a series of three participatory theories of change workshops and an expert adaptation workshop to assess the needs of the target population and to select an intervention for adaptation. The adaptation process followed a series of steps: (1) training Ethiopian mental health experts in the original South African problem-solving therapy (PST version 0.0) and an initial adaptation workshop leading to PST Version 1.0. (2) Version 1.0 was presented to perinatal women and healthcare professionals in the form of a ‘theatre test’, leading to further adaptations (version 2.0). (3) Local and international stakeholders reviewed version 2.0, leading to version 3.0, which was used to train 12 PHC staff using clinical cases. (4) Finally, feedback about PST version 3.0 and its delivery was obtained from PHC staff. Results: In the first step, we modified case examples and terminology from the South African model, introduced an in-session pictorial flipchart for this low literacy setting, and added strategies to facilitate women’s engagement before translating into Amharic. In the second step, adaptations included renaming of the types of problems and inclusion of more exercises to demonstrate proposed coping strategies. In the third step, the components of motivational interviewing were dropped due to cultural incongruence. In the final step, refresher training was delivered as well as additional training on supporting control of women’s emotions to address PHC staff training needs, leading to the final version (version 4.0).Conclusion: Using a series of steps, we have adapted the content and delivery of brief PST to fit the cultural context of this setting. The next step will be to assess feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and its delivery in antenatal care settings.
Prognostic models for short-term annual risk of severe acute complications and mortality in patients living with type 2 diabetes using a national medical claim database
Authors: Vimont Alexandre , Béliard Sophie , Valéro René , Leleu Henri , Durand-Zaleski Isabelle 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
Prognostic models in patients living with diabetes allow physicians to estimate individual risk based on medical records and biological results. Clinical risk factors are not always all available to evaluate these models so that they may be complemented with models from claims databases. The objective of this study was to develop, validate and compare models predicting the annual risk of acute severe complications and mortality in patients living with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from a national claims data.
Research design and methods
Adult patients with T2D were identified in a national medical claims database through their history of treatments or hospitalizations. Prognostic models were developed using logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF) and neural network (NN) to predict annual risk of outcome: (1) severe acute cardiovascular (CV) complications, (2) other severe acute T2D-related complications, and (3) all-cause mortality. Risk factors included demographics, comorbidities, the adjusted Diabetes Severity and Comorbidity Index (aDSCI) and diabetes medications. Model performance was assessed using discrimination (C-statistics), balanced accuracy, sensibility and specificity.
Results
A total of 22,708 patients with T2D were identified, with mean age of 68 years and average duration of T2D of 9.7 years. Age, aDSCI, disease duration, diabetes medications and chronic cardiovascular disease were the most important predictors for all outcomes. Discrimination with C-statistic ranged from 0.715 to 0.786 for severe acute CV complications, from 0.670 to 0.847 for other severe complications and from 0.814 to 0.860 for all-cause mortality, with RF having consistently the highest discrimination.
Conclusion
The proposed models reliably predict acute severe complications and mortality in patients with T2D, without requiring medical records or biological measures. These predictions could be used by payers to alert primary care providers and high-risk patients living with T2D.