bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical outcomes in survivors of childhood cancer undergoing thyroidectomy: A single‐institution experience
Authors: Van Remortel B. J. , Chehab L. , Bauer A. J. , Isaza A. , Yimei Li , Baumgarten Heron D. , Franco Aime T. , Laetsch Theodore W. , Kazahaya Ken , Adzick N. Scott , Mostoufi‐Moab Sogol 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at increased risk for thyroid disease, and many require definitive management with thyroid surgery. Despite this, there is limited evidence on surgical outcomes among CCS. We sought to evaluate postoperative outcomes at our institution among CCS undergoing thyroid surgery compared to patients without a history of primary childhood malignancy.ProcedureMedical records were reviewed for 638 patients treated at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Pediatric Thyroid Center between 2009 and 2020. Rates of surgical complications, including recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis and hypoparathyroidism, among CCS were compared to patients with sporadic/familial thyroid cancer, Graves’ disease, and other benign thyroid conditions. Operative time and intraoperative parathyroid hormone levels were also evaluated.ResultsThere were no significant differences in long‐term surgical complication rates, such as permanent RLN paralysis and hypoparathyroidism, between CCS and patients without a history of primary childhood malignancy (all p > .05). For all surgical outcomes, there were no significant differences in complication rates when CCS were compared to those undergoing surgery for sporadic/familial thyroid cancer or Graves’ disease (all p > .05). CCS with benign final pathology had significantly higher rates of transient hypoparathyroidism compared to patients with benign thyroid conditions (p < .001).ConclusionsOur study suggests that CCS are not at higher risk of long‐term complications from thyroid surgery when treated by high‐volume surgeons within a multidisciplinary team.
Multiple recycling of a PLA/PHB biopolymer blend for sustainable packaging applications: Rheology‐morphology, thermal, and mechanical performance analysis
Authors: Farias Naiara C. , Major Ian , Devine Declan , Brennan Fournet Margaret , Pezzoli Romina , Farshbaf Taghinezhad Soheil , Hesabi Mohammadnabi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBlends of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) (70/30 wt%) were prepared, and the effects of multiple mechanical recycling up to 5 times on the rheology–morphology relationships, thermal, and mechanical properties were investigated. Rheological and morphological investigations indicated a degree of immiscibility of two combined polymers. Notably, recycling served to improve the interfacial interaction of the phases through limited transesterification reactions and increased homogeneous morphologies. While there was significant reduction in viscosity through multiple recycling, chain scission and degradation were not observed in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results. Additionally, higher crystallinity and lower Tg and cold crystallization temperatures were measured for the reprocessed samples, which are attributed to the formation of finer PHB droplets acting as nucleating agents promoting further crystallinity. In conclusion, the increased crystallinity counter influenced the measured viscosity decrease, and subsequently, multiple recycling was not observed to significantly affect the tensile properties. Furthermore, impact results are also indicative of the crucial role of crystallinity and blend morphology on maintaining the toughness of the recycled samples.
Nematicidal activity of furanoeremophilenes against Meloidogyne incognita and Nacobbus aberrans
Authors: Velasco‐Azorsa Raúl , Zeferino‐Díaz Reyna , Alvarado‐Rodríguez José G , López‐Ruiz Heraclio , Rojas‐Lima Susana , Flores‐Castro Kinardo , del Prado‐Vera Ignacio Cid , Alatorre‐Rosas Raquel , Tut‐Pech Felipe , Carrillo‐Benítez María G , Burgueño‐Tapia Eleuterio , Torres‐Valencia J Martín 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDWhile searching for novel small molecules for new organic pesticide agents against plant‐parasitic nematodes, we found that the hexane extract from the roots of Senecio sinuatos and its main secondary metabolite, 3β‐angeloyloxy‐6β‐hydroxyfuranoeremophil‐1(10)‐ene (1), possess nematicidal activity against the second stage juvenile (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita and Nacobbus aberrans. Both species reduce yield of various vegetable crops. These results encouraged us to synthesize esters 3–9 formed by diol 2, obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of 1 and acetic anhydride, benzoic acid, 2‐nitrobenzoic acid, 2‐bromobenzoic acid, 4‐nitrobenzoic acid, 4‐bromobenzoic acid, and 4‐methoxybenzoic acid, respectively. The nematicidal activity of these esters was evaluated and compared with that of the free benzoic acids.RESULTSNatural product 1 and derivatives 2–9 were obtained and characterized by their physical and spectroscopic properties, including one‐dimensional (1D) and two‐dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments; X‐ray diffraction analysis established their absolute configuration. The nematicidal activity of compounds 1–9 was assessed in vitro against M. incognita and N. aberrans J2 and was compared to activity shown by benzoic acid, 2‐nitrobenzoic acid, 2‐bromobenzoic acid, 4‐nitrobenzoic acid, 4‐bromobenzoic acid, and 4‐methoxybenzoic acid. The esters suppressed nematodes more than free benzoic acid. Nacobbus aberrans J2 were suppressed, with compounds 5, 6, and 8 being the most active.CONCLUSIONEsters formed by 3β,6β‐dihydroxyfuranoeremophil‐1(10)‐ene and ortho‐ or para‐substituted benzoic acids containing electron acceptor groups had nematicidal activity against N. aberrans. These compound can potentially serve as a model for the development of new organic nematicidal agents. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Pulmonary hypertensive crisis in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension undergoing cardiac catheterization
Authors: Li Qiangqiang , Zhang Chen , Wang Rong , Keller Bradley B. , Gu Hong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPediatric patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are considered to be at risk for pulmonary hypertensive crisis (PHC) or even death during right heart catheterization (RHC). This retrospective study was designed to identify the risks and clinical characteristics associated with PHC in pediatric PAH patients. We included 163 consecutive procedures from 147 pediatric patients diagnosed with PAH who underwent diagnostic RHC in Beijing Anzhen Hospital between January 2007 and December 2020. The average patient age was 9.0 ± 4.7 years and 84 (51.5%) were females. Before RHC, over 20% of patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III–IV. Sedation or general intravenous anesthesia was used in 103 procedures (63.2%), with spontaneous breathing in 93.2%. PHC occurred in 19 patients (11.7%), 5 (3.1%) required cardiac compression, and 1 died (0.6%). Compared to patients without PHC, those who experienced PHC were more likely to be in NYHA class III–IV (p = 0.012) before RHC, require sedation (p = 0.011), had echocardiographic indices of higher peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity (p = 0.018), and right ventricle (RV) to left ventricle (LV) ratio (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression for PHC identified the need for sedation and a higher RV/LV ratio as independent predictors. In conclusion, the risk of RHC remains significant in children with PAH, particularly in those with severe RV dilation who require sedation during cardiac catheterization. Comprehensive evaluation, close monitoring, and appropriate treatment before and during the procedure are essential for reducing mortality.
The exercise in pulmonary arterial hypertension (ExPAH) study: A randomized controlled pilot of exercise training and multidisciplinary rehabilitation in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Chia Karen S. W. , Shiner Christine T. , Brown Karen , Holloway Cameron J. , Moreyra Camila , Bart Nicole , Wong Peter K. K. , Faux Steven G. , Kotlyar Eugene 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by progressive dyspnea, fatigue, and reduced exercise capacity. Despite medical treatment, outcomes remain poor. While exercise training is well established in patients with heart failure, it is less established in patients with PH. This single‐blind, randomized controlled pilot study examined the feasibility and effect of 12‐week outpatient exercise (multidisciplinary rehabilitation or home walking program) on hemodynamics using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) and right heart catheterization (RHC) in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a subset of PH. Sixteen participants were randomized to either multidisciplinary outpatient rehabilitation or a home walking program for 12 weeks. Primary outcome measures were changes in right ventricular ejection fraction and stroke volume index on cMRI. Secondary outcome measures included hemodynamics on RHC, quality of life (QOL), muscle strength (handgrip and vital capacity) and 6‐min walk test. This preliminary, pilot study suggests that outpatient exercise interventions may be associated with improved hemodynamic function (mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure, stroke volume, and stroke volume index), QOL (PH symptoms, depression, and anxiety), and muscular strength (vital capacity and handgrip strength) for people with PAH, but was not adequately powered to make any formal conclusions. However, our outpatient programs were feasible, safe, and acceptable to participants. Future studies are required to further explore the potential hemodynamic benefits of exercise in PAH.
Quality of laparoscopic camera navigation in robot‐assisted versus conventional laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer: An analysis of surgical videos through a video processing computer software
Authors: Kim Ji Seon , Piozzi Guglielmo Niccolo , Kwak Jung‐Myun , Kim Jinhee , Kim Taesung , Choo Jaegul , Yang Gene , Lee Tae Hoon , Baek Se Jin , Kim Jin , Kim Seon Hahn 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo compare laparoscopic camera navigation (LCN) quality between robot‐assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) and conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS).Methods20 recordings were selected by propensity score matching and subjected to Python® software to generate single frames at one second intervals. For each frame, the pixel where the camera should be centred, based on instrument position, current action (dissection/haemostasis/traction) in the frame, was detected. LCN quality was reviewed by two independent surgeons to evaluate erroneous LCN.ResultsRALS had higher incidence of centred views (83.1 ± 4.02% vs. 76.0 ± 2.38%, p < 0.05) and a shorter distance between actual and optimal frame centres (123.3 ± 9.8 vs. 144.8 ± 13.9, p < 0.05) compared to CLS. Erroneous camera navigations were more frequent in CLS regarding total time of horizontal alignment failure (2.1 ± 2.2 vs. 6.0 ± 5.4 min, p = 0.063) and number of excessive zoom‐in visualization (0.1 ± 0.3 vs. 1.9 ± 1.4, p = 0.003).ConclusionsRALS provided higher LCN quality than did CLS, emphasising the benefits of a surgeon‐controlled view.
Learning‐based hierarchical control for fault‐tolerant cooperation of networked marine surface vehicles
Authors: Liang Chang‐Duo , Ge Ming‐Feng , Wang Leimin , Liu Zhi‐Wei , Li Bo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this article, an efficient hierarchical control framework is proposed to address the cooperation problems (e.g., consensus tracking, formation tracking, and time‐varying formation tracking) for the networked marine surface vehicles in the presence of external disturbances, actuator faults and failures. Based on this framework, several learning‐based hierarchical control algorithms are developed, involving an iterative learning‐based estimator and a local observer‐based finite‐time controller. The estimator is designed to achieve sufficiently precise estimation of the leader states through enough iterations, while the observer‐based finite‐time controller is used to observe and compensate the dynamic uncertainties as well as stabilize the error states in a finite time. By using the theories of Hurwitz, Schur, and Lyapunov stability, the sufficient conditions for guaranteeing the convergence of these learning‐based hierarchical control algorithms are derived. Finally, numerical simulations are performed on the Cyber‐Ships II to verify the effectiveness of the presented algorithms.
Approximating sparse graphs: The random overlapping communities model
Authors: Petti Samantha , Vempala Santosh S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHow can we approximate sparse graphs and sequences of sparse graphs (with unbounded average degree)? We consider convergence in the first moments of the graph spectrum (equivalent to the numbers of closed ‐walks) appropriately normalized. We introduce a simple random graph model that captures the limiting spectra of many sequences of interest, including the sequence of hypercube graphs. The random overlapping communities (ROC) model is specified by a distribution on pairs , . A graph on vertices with average degree is generated by repeatedly picking pairs from the distribution, adding an Erdős–Rényi random graph of edge density on a subset of vertices chosen by including each vertex with probability , and repeating this process so that the expected degree is . We also show that ROC graphs exhibit an inverse relationship between degree and clustering coefficient, a characteristic of many real‐world networks.
The double‐edged sword of boundary‐spanning Corporate Social Responsibility programs
Authors: Gatignon Aline 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryThis paper builds theoretical arguments and shows empirical evidence of the direct benefits and indirect costs of corporate volunteering in developing countries. Spanning corporate and humanitarian sectors to work in challenging environments should activate motivational and learning benefits for participating employees. However, results from a field study of a 10‐year partnership between logistics provider TNT and the United Nations World Food Program show that such boundary‐spanning corporate social responsibility (CSR) can be a double‐edged sword. Task interdependence with nonprofit peers while volunteering strengthens employees' partnership identification and institutional learning. However, institutional learning triggers identity strain (associated with attrition) when they return, unless firms foster a sense that they recognize CSR experiences as valuable. The findings inform the behavioral and micro‐foundations of the potential consequences of CSR.Managerial SummaryFirms expect to benefit from corporate volunteering programs in developing countries through employee motivation and new skill acquisition. This paper shows that task interdependence with nonprofit peers during such programs can strengthen employees' identification with a corporate‐nonprofit partnership and generate valuable institutional learning about operating in challenging environments. However, institutional learning can also trigger unanticipated costs in the form of identity strain (and, ultimately, attrition) when employees return, unless they feel their CSR experience is valued. Thus, firms should foster task interdependence during corporate volunteer assignments and CSR recognition to validate institutional learning when employees return.
Digital trade barriers and export performance: Evidence from China
Authors: Jiang Lingduo , Liu Shuangshuang , Zhang Guofeng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates how Chinese manufacturing exports respond to destination countries' digital trade barriers. Using Chinese Customs data from 2014 to 2018 and data on countries' digital service trade restrictiveness by the OECD, we find that Chinese total manufacturing exports drop by 2.32%, or $30.92 billion, due to the increase in destination countries' composite digital trade barriers from 2014 to 2018. A further decomposition shows that the reduction is mostly explained by the decrease in export quantity, with export prices remaining relatively unchanged. Moreover, digital trade barriers decrease Chinese exports not only by depressing the exports of surviving products but also by reducing the exporting possibility of new entering products and increasing the risk of products' exiting. The heterogeneity analyses show that a favorable institutional environment helps alleviate the negative effects and that exports of high‐tech products are less sensitive to digital trade barriers.
Advancing animal health and disease research in the lab with three‐dimensional cell culture systems
Authors: Smith David , Price Daniel R.G. , Faber Marc N. , Chapuis Ambre F. , McNeilly Tom N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe development of three‐dimensional cell culture systems representative of tissues from animals of veterinary interest is accelerating research that seeks to address specific questions tied to animal health. In terms of their relevance and complexity, these in vitro models can be seen as a midpoint between the more reductionist single‐cell culture systems and complex live animals. Organoids in particular represent a significant development due to their organised multicellular structure that more closely represents in vivo tissues than any other cell culture technology previously developed. In this review, we provide an overview of the different three‐dimensional cell culture systems available to veterinary researchers and give examples of their application in contexts relating to animal health.
RNA in situ hybridisation as a molecular diagnostic technique targeting IBA‐1 and CD204 in canine histiocytic sarcoma
Authors: Engelien Julia L , Lejeune Amandine T , Dark Michael J , Milner Rowan J , Shiomitsu Keijiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCanine histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an aggressive cancer with morphologically variable features; therefore, obtaining a definitive diagnosis can be challenging. Two proteins, IBA‐1, ionised calcium‐binding adapter molecule 1, and CD204, a macrophage scavenger receptor, have been shown to be specific immunohistochemical markers helpful in distinguishing HS from other tumour types with similar morphological features.ObjectivesThis study was performed to demonstrate the use of RNA in situ hybridisation (ISH) technology allowing single‐molecule RNA visualisation in formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues as a molecular tool for the diagnosis of canine HS.MethodsReverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and western blot analysis for IBA‐1 and CD204 were performed to correlate gene expression and protein expression of these two markers in the histiocytic sarcoma DH82 cell line. RNA‐ISH for IBA‐1 and CD204 was performed on the DH82 cell line to validate the RNA‐ISH probes. RNA‐ISH and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed in clinical HS FFPE samples to demonstrate mRNA and protein expression of IBA‐1 and CD204. FFPE archived samples of canine round cell tumours, melanoma and anaplastic sarcoma were used as negative controls.ResultsRNA‐ISH and IHC showed moderate to strong expression for IBA‐1 and CD204 in the neoplastic cells in both the canine DH82 cell line and the archived canine HS samples. RNA‐ISH and IHC showed scattered positive staining in the control tumours samples, consistent with macrophagic infiltration.ConclusionRNA‐ISH for CD204 and IBA‐1 appeared to have a high specificity and sensitivity in our samples and may be an additional valuable diagnostic technique in identifying HS.
Problemstellung und Vorgehensweise
Authors: Braun Vera 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Lehrerbildung in der Ukraine sieht sich einem doppelten Wertschätzungsproblem gegenüber. Zum einen betrifft dies den Lehrerberuf, zum anderen die berufliche Bildung. Die vorliegende Studie befasst sich mit der Wertschätzung beruflicher Bildung in der Ukraine. Es wird angenommen, dass eine Orientierung an der meritokratischen Logik einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Geringschätzung beruflicher Bildung leistet. Kapitel 1 ordnet das Thema in seinen Kontext ein und expliziert die Relevanz, Fragestellung und Vorgehensweise der Studie.
Der idealtypische Zusammenhang zwischen Meritokratie und beruflicher Bildung
Authors: Braun Vera 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungKapitel 3 erläutert die Methode der Idealtypuskonstruktion als Erstellung eines Schemas, das idealisierte Zusammenhänge enthält, jedoch kein normatives Ideal darstellt. Es legt eine Schrittfolge für die vorliegende Studie fest und arbeitet diese Schritte nacheinander analysierend ab. Japan und Frankreich als meritokratische Länder dienen als Beispiele anhand derer der Idealtypus gebildet wird.
Der Realtypus der Ukraine in Relation zur idealtypischen Ausprägung des Verhältnisses von Meritokratie und beruflicher Bildung
Authors: Braun Vera 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungKapitel 4 erschließt den ukrainischen Realtypus und gleicht ihn mit dem Idealtypus des Zusammenhangs zwischen Meritokratie und beruflicher Bildung ab. Dabei wird die Frage beantwortet, welche Funktion und Relevanz der Orientierung an der meritokratischen Denkfigur hinsichtlich der Geringschätzung beruflicher Bildung in der Ukraine zukommt.
Indepth combinatorial analysis of admissible sets for abstract argumentation
Authors: Croitoru Cosmina , Croitoru Madalina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper we investigate, from a graph theoretical point of view, the notion of acceptability in Dung semantics for abstract argumentation frameworks. We advance the state of the art by introducing and analyzing combinatorial structures exploited for taming, in particular cases, the exponential blowout of acceptance algorithms. We conclude the paper by a series of observations allowing to deepen the intuition with respect to the practical use of Dung acceptance based semantics.
Change Over 11–13 Year Periods in Quality of Life, Emotional Problems and Negative Stressful Life Events Among 13–17 Year Old Students
Authors: Jozefiak Thomas , L. Wallander Jan , Lydersen Stian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStudies investigating changes in the general population over time concerning adolescent self-reported Quality of life (QoL) are sparse. The aim of this study is to investigate stability and change over more than a decade in self-reported QoL, emotional problems, and negative stressful life-events among students. Three large cross-sectional samples (N = 1032, 4744 and 3826) of 13–17-year-old adolescents attending public school in the Norwegian County of Trøndelag provide data, one from 2017 to 2019 and two from 11 and 13 years earlier. We analyzed linear and binary linear regression adjusted for age. We found few indications of large changes in overall QoL. The exception was a 50% increase in reported emotional problems in both girls and boys. Girls also reported an increase of sexually uncomfortable/abusive acts from peers from 3.7 to 7.0%. The observed changes must be addressed through public health interventions targeting school as an important arena.
Framing effects on risk-taking behavior: evidence from a field experiment in multiple-choice tests
Authors: Balart Pau , Ezquerra Lara , Hernandez-Arenaz Iñigo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe exploit testing data to gain better understanding on framing effects on decision-making and performance under risk. In a randomized field experiment, we modified the framing of scoring rules for penalized multiple-choice tests. In penalized multiple-choice tests, right answers are typically framed as gains while wrong answers are framed as losses (Mixed-framing). In the Loss-framing proposed, both non-responses and wrong answers are presented in a loss domain. According to our theoretical model, we expect the change in the framing to decrease students’ non-response and to increase students’ performance. Under the Loss-framing, students’ non-response reduces by a 18%-20%. However, it fails to increase students’ scores. Indeed, our results support the possibility of impaired performance in the Loss-framing.