bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling blooms of Planktothrix rubescens by optimized metalimnetic water withdrawal: a modelling study on adaptive reservoir operation
Authors: Mi Chenxi , Hamilton David P. , Frassl Marieke A. , Shatwell Tom , Kong Xiangzhen , Boehrer Bertram , Li Yiping , Donner Jan , Rinke Karsten 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Aggregations of cyanobacteria in lakes and reservoirs are commonly associated with surface blooms, but may also occur in the metalimnion as subsurface or deep chlorophyll maxima. Metalimnetic cyanobacteria blooms are of great concern when potentially toxic species, such as Planktothrix rubescens, are involved. Metalimnetic blooms of P. rubescens have apparently increased in frequency and severity in recent years, so there is a strong need to identify reservoir management options to control it. We hypothesized that P. rubescens blooms in reservoirs can be suppressed using selective withdrawal to maximize its export from the reservoir. We also expect that altering the light climate can affect the dynamics of this species. We tested our hypothesis in Rappbode Reservoir (the largest drinking water reservoir in Germany) by establishing a series of withdrawal and light scenarios based on a calibrated water quality model (CE-QUAL-W2). Results: The novel withdrawal strategy, in which water is withdrawn from a certain depth below the surface within the metalimnion instead of at a fixed elevation relative to the dam wall, significantly reduced P. rubescens biomass in the reservoir. According to the simulation results, we defined an optimal withdrawal volume to control P. rubescens blooms in the reservoir as approximately 10 million m3 (10% of the reservoir volume) during its bloom phase. The results also illustrated that P. rubescens growth can be most effectively suppressed if the metalimnetic withdrawal is applied in the early stage of its rapid growth, i.e., before the bloom occurs. Additionally, our study showed that P. rubescens biomass gradually decreased with increasing light extinction and nearly disappeared when the extinction coefficient exceeded 0.55 m-1. Conclusion: Our study indicates the rise in P. rubescens biomass can be effectively offset by selective withdrawal strategy and controlling light intensity beneath the water surface. Considering the widespread occurrence of P. rubescens in stratified lakes and reservoirs worldwide, we believe the results will be helpful for scientists and water managers working on other water bodies to minimize the negative impacts of this harmful algae.
Development of accreditation standards for midwifery clinical education in Iran
Authors: Abedian Sara , Javadnoori Mojgan , Montazeri Simin , Khosravi Shahla , Ebadi Abbas , Nikbakht Roshan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Improving the quality of clinical education leads to the training of competent and professional staff. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to effective clinical education standards. The present study was designed to develop accreditation standards for midwifery clinical education in Iran.
Methods
This study was performed in two phases. In the first phase, accreditation standards for midwifery clinical education in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia and the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) were thoroughly examined through a narrative review study in 2021. In the second phase, a qualitative study with a directed content analysis approach was conducted. The axes extracted from the first phase were used as a framework and guide in this phase. The study population consisted of senior midwifery managers, faculty members of midwifery departments with a background in clinical teaching, clinical midwifery instructors, and final year undergraduate midwifery students (n = 15). Participants were selected by purposive sampling method, and data collection was continued until data saturation.
Results
The results of extracting the standards and accreditation criteria of midwifery schools from the review study were divided into 6 areas: Mission and goals; Curricula; Clinical instructors; Students, Clinical setting; and Assessment. These axes were used as a guide in formulating questions and conducting semi-structured interviews in the second phase. Data analysis in this phase led to the extraction of 131 codes, which were divided into 35 sub-subcategories, 15 sub-categories and 6 main categories.
Conclusion
If implemented, integrated and localized standards of clinical midwifery education in Iran is promising in improving the quality of clinical education programs.
Preoperative Factors Analysis on Root Development after Regenerative Endodontic Procedures: a Retrospective Study of 116 Cases
Authors: Zeng Qian , Zhang Jianying , Guo Jiang , Liu Shuya , Yang Maobin , Lin Jiacheng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) has achieved clinical success on the immature permanent teeth with pulp necrosis, and can promote root development. However, preoperative factors and their effects on root development of REPs have not been definitely concluded. The aim of this study was to investigate the preoperative factors that may influence the root development of REPs.Methods A total of 116 teeth in 110 patients treated with REPs in the Paediatric Dentistry Department and Endodontics Department from 2013 to 2017 were included in this study. Factors including aetiology, age, preoperative diagnosis and initial root morphology were collected retrospectively, and the associations between these factors and root development after REPs were analysed by Fisher's exact test and multivariate logistic regression model.Results The overall rate of root development after REPs was 89.7%. The dens evaginatus group showed a higher rate (98.8%) in root development than the trauma group (67.6%) (P<0.01). There was no significant difference among the different age groups (7-13 years old) or among different preoperative diagnoses regarding root development (P>0.05). And it showed in the trauma group that the teeth with apical foramen sizes larger than 3 mm obviously continued root development than those smaller than 3 mm (P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that aetiology was significantly correlated with root development of REPs (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 0.007, 0.627, P<0.05).Conclusions Within the limitation of the present study, aetiology was correlated with the root development of REPs and the REPs achieved better outcomes in the cases caused by dens evaginatus than the trauma cases.
A Human Pan-Cancer System Analysis of Regulator of Chromatin Condensation 2
Authors: Gong Siming , Wu Hao , Wu Changwu , Duan Yingjuan , Wu Panfeng , Tang Juyu , Fu Jinfei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Regulation of chromosome condensation 2 (RCC2) is associated with the cell cycle and is a crucial regulator of the chromatin condensation 1 (RCC1) family. The members of this family were normally regulators in the process of DNA replication and nucleocytoplasmic transport. RCC2 overexpression may lead to tumor formation and poor prognosis in some tumors including breast cancer and lung adenocarcinoma. However, the possible role of RCC2 in tumor formation and its prognostic function remains unclear. In this study, expression analysis from databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) were combined to perform the first integrative and comprehensive analysis of RCC2 in human pan-cancer. RCC2 was high expressed in most tumors which may lead to poor prognosis. RCC2 expression was associated with immune/stromal infiltration, immune checkpoints, tumor mutational burden, and microsatellite instability. Thus, RCC2 could be a novel biomarker for prognosis and a promising cancer therapy target.
Association between oral cavity cancer and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Choi Gang Won , Cheong Hyeon-Kyoung , Choi Soo Young , Lee Young Chan , Oh In-Hwan , Eun Young-Gyu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Few studies have been conducted on the association between oral cavity cancer and metabolic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between oral cavity cancer and metabolic diseases.
Methods
This cohort study used the database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service, which contains medical data of 97% of the Korean population. Oral cavity cancer occurred in a total of 2,718 patients. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to IDF criteria. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used.
Results
The HR for oral cavity cancer in patients with metabolic syndrome was 1.113(95% CI, 1.006–1.232), which was significantly higher than that in normal patients, especially in males (p = 0.0386). When the number of metabolic syndrome factors was ≥ 3, the HR of oral cavity cancer was 1.191(95% CI, 1.026–1.383), which was significantly higher than that of 0 metabolic syndrome factors, especially in males (p = 0.0218). When the number of metabolic syndrome factors was ≥ 3, the HR for oral cavity cancer was 1.439(95% CI, 1.066–1.942), which was significantly higher than that of 0 metabolic syndrome factors, especially in males aged < 50 years (p = 0.0173).
Conclusion
Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of oral cavity cancer only in males. In addition, the incidence of oral cavity cancer increased as the number of factors constituting metabolic syndrome increased, only in young males aged < 50 years. Thus, metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for oral cavity cancer, particularly in young males.
A nomogram prognostic model for clinical stage IA NSCLC: based on SEER databases
Authors: Xu Bingchen , Ye Ziming , Zhu Lianxin , Xu Chunwei , Lu Mingjian , Wang Qian , Yao Wang , Zhu Zhihua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to establish and validate a nomogram model for accurate prediction of patients’ survival with T1aN0M0 none small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: The patients, diagnosed with the stage IA NSCLC from 2004-2015, were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The variables with a P value < 0.05 in a multivariate Cox regression were selected to establish the nomogram. The discriminative ability of the model was evaluated by the concordance index(C-index). The proximity of the nomogram prediction to the actual risk was depicted by a calibration plot. The clinical usefulness was estimated by the decision curve analysis (DCA). Survival curves were made with Kaplan-Meier method and compared by Log-Rank test. Result: Eight variables, including treatment, age, sex, race, marriage, tumor size, histology and grade were selected to develop the nomogram model by univariate and multivariate cox regression. The C-index was 0.704 (95%CI, 0.694 to 0.714) in the training set and 0.713 (95%CI, 0.697 to 0.728) in the test set, which performed significantly better than 8th edition AJCC TNM stage system (0.550, 95% CI, 0.408-0.683, P<0.001). The calibration curve showed that the prediction ability of 3-years and 5-years survival rate demonstrated a high degree of agreement between the nomogram model and the actual observation. The DCA curves also proved that the nomogram-assisted decisions could improve patient outcomes. Conclusions: We established and validated a prognostic nomogram to predict 3-years and 5-years overall survival in stage IA NSCLC.
Utilizations of Reaction Exothermic heat to Compensate The Cost of The Permanent CO2 Sequestration through the Geological Mineral CO2 Carbonation
Authors: Ouyang Mingwei , Cao Yan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Many climate change events related to the carbon emissions push the worldwide action on the CO2 sequestration to achieve the carbon neutrality. Among of them, the must-do list includes the CO2 geological storage which has potentials on the leakage of the sequestrated CO2 back to atmosphere. The new "geological mineral CO2 carbonation” provides an alternative routine to rapidly sequester CO2 by means of chemical reactions, and thus to permanently store CO2 as the stable carbonates. The exothermic nature of the mineral carbonation reaction can release recoverable heat which can potentially compensate the energy consumption during the CO2 sequestration. This study mainly addresses a two-dimensional model on the geological mineral CO2 carbonation (herein the geological formation of peridotite), by which effects of temperature conditions on the reaction rate and their quantity of the sequestrated CO2 and exothermic heat energy are discussed. Results reveals a typical case of the average temperature elevation of peridotite by over 60 oC (reaching 248oC) after 2 years, in case of the initial temperature of the geological peridotite formation at 185oC and that of the fluid inflow CO2 at 37oC. In this typical case, the average CO2 sequestration rate in peridotite can achieve 123.71 kg/(year·m³), meaning that the permanent sequestration of CO2 generated from a 600 MW coal-fired power plant within its 20-year operation only demands a geological peridotite formation of 1 km 2 in its area and 160 m in its thickness. By changing both the fluid inflow temperature and the initial peridotite temperature to be 110 ~ 150oC, the average CO2 sequestration rate can be increased by 29 ~ 45% compared to that in the typical case, and leads to a temperature rise of 81 ~ 125oC after 2 years, achieving a high-temperature geothermal condition which the temperature is greater than 150oC. This heat production from the geological mineral CO2 carbonation can profitably compensate the energy consumption in the carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects via the geological mineral CO2 carbonation, leading a shift of an expense in $25.041/t CO2 in China (the current general case) to an earning in $24.096/t CO2 in a best case at the price of the global carbon emission allowance converge.
Massive expansion of P-selectin genes in two Venerida species, Sinonovacula constricta and Mercenaria mercenaria: evidence from comparative genomics of Bivalvia
Authors: Xu Yuanfeng , Dong Xumeng , Ma Shuonan , Luo Cheng , Xu Jilin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: P-selectin is an adhesion molecule participating in the inflammatory response essential for wound repair. However, studies regarding P-selectin in Bivalvia are rare. This study identified 90 P-selectin genes among nine bivalve genomes and classified them into 4 subfamilies according to phylogenetic analysis. Results: Notable P-selectin gene expansion was observed in two Venerida species, Sinonovacula constricta and Mercenaria mercenaria. The synteny analysis revealed that P-selectin gene expansion was mostly caused by tandem duplication. In addition, the expression profiles of P-selectin genes in S. constricta showed that many P-selectins were specifically highly expressed in the gills, and the P-selectin expression patterns changed dramatically under low salt stress and ammonia nitrogen stress. Conclusions: The massive expansion of P-selectins may facilitate the tolerance to environmental stresses. This study sheds light on the characterizations and expression profiles of P-selectin genes in Bivalvia and provides an integrated framework for further investigation of the role of P-selectins in the environmental tolerance of bivalves.
In vitro screening of non-antibiotic components to mitigate intestinal lesions caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Lawsonia intracellularis and Salmonella enterica serovar
Authors: de Groot Nienke , Meneguzzi Mariana , de Souza Barbara , Costa Matheus de O. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Swine dysentery, ileitis, and porcine salmonellosis are production-limiting diseases global importance in swine production. They are caused by infection with Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Lawsonia intracellularis, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, respectively. Currently, the prevention, treatment, and control of these diseases still rely on antimicrobials. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of four commercially available non-antimicrobial compounds in preventing lesions caused by the bacteria cited above using an in vitro intestinal culture model. A total of five pigs per pathogen were used and multiple compounds were evaluated. For compounds F (a fungal fermented rye), S (a blend of short and medium chain fatty acids) and P (a synergistic blend of short and medium chain fatty acids, including coated butyrates) a total of 4 explants/pig for each treatment were used, while for compound D (an extract of carob and thyme) only 12 explants/pig for each treatment were used. Explants were exposed to a combination of pathogen only (n = 4/compound/pig), compound only (n = 4/compound/pig) or pathogen and compound (n = 4/compound/pig) and sampled a two time-points. Histopathology and gene expression levels were evaluated to investigate the treatment effect on explants. Short and medium-chain fatty acids, and an extract of carob and thyme can mitigate lesions due to B. hyodysenteriae exposure. A fungal fermented prebiotic increased healthy epithelial coverage when explants were exposed to L. intracellularis or S. Typhimurium. These findings are a step towards finding alternatives to antimicrobials usage and control of swine dysentery, ileitis, and salmonellosis in pork production.
In-silico molecular modeling studies to identify novel Potential inhibitors of HPV E6 protein
Authors: Soumia Moujane , Hajji Halima , khatabi Khalil El , Mzibri Mohamed El , Younesd Filali Zegzouti , Mohammed Bouachrine , Mohameda Benlyas , Benaissa Moualij 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The etiological agent of some anogenital tract cancers is infection with the high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). Currently, prophylactic vaccines against HPV have been validated, but the presence of drug treatment directed against the infection and its oncogenic effects remain essential. Among the best drug targets, oncoprotein E6 has been identified as a key factor in cell immortalization and tumor progression in HPV-positive cells. E6, through interaction with the cellular ubiquitin ligase E6AP, can promote the degradation of p53, a tumor suppressor protein. Therefore, suppression of the creation of the E6-E6AP complex is one of the essential strategies to inhibit the survival and proliferation of infected cells. In the present study, we proposed an in-silico approach for the discovery of small molecules with inhibitory activity on the E6-E6AP interaction. The first three compounds (F0679-0355, F33774-0275, and F3345-0326) were selected based on virtual screening and prediction of the ADME properties of the molecules and the docking with E6 protein, likewise, their stability in the docked E6 complex and their effect in inhibiting the E6-E6AP interaction was determined. In contrast, the identified molecules were selected. Their stability in the E6 complex and their inhibitory effect on the E6-E6AP interaction were confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Hence, the identified molecules represent a good starting point for the development of anti-HPV drugs.
Treadmill exercise promotes E3 ubiquitin ligase to remove amyloid β and P-tau and improve cognitive ability in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice
Authors: Xu Longfei , Li Mingzhe , Wei Aili , Yang Miaomiao , Li Chao , Liu Ran , Zheng Yuejun , Chen Yuxin , Wang Zixi , Wang Kun , Wang Tianhui 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Moderate physical exercise has beneficial effects on the brains of healthy humans and AD patients. Previous reports have suggested that treadmill exercise plays an anti-AD role and improves cognitive ability by promoting amyloid clearance, inhibiting neuronal apoptosis, reducing oxidative stress level, alleviating brain inflammation, and promoting autophagy- lysosome pathway in AD mice. However, few studies have explored the relationship between the ubiquitin-proteasome system and scientific exercise in AD.
Objective
The current study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which the exercise- regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase improves AD.
Methods
Both Wildtype and APP/PS1 transgenic mice were divided into sedentary (WTC and ADC) and exercise (WTE and ADE) groups (n = 12 for each group). WTE and ADE mice were subjected to treadmill exercise for 12 weeks, evaluating the effect of treadmill running on learning and memory ability, Aβ plaque burden, hyper-phosphorylated tau protein and E3 ubiquitin ligase.
Results
The results indicated that exercise not only restored learning and memory ability, but also reduced Aβ plaque area, inhibited the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein activated PI3K/ Akt/Hsp70 signaling pathway, and improved ubiquitin-proteasome system function (increased UCHL-1 and CHIP levels, decreased BACE1 levels) in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that exercise may promote the E3 ubiquitin ligase to clear β-Amyloid and hyper-phosphorylated Tau by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the hippocampus of AD mice, which is efficient in ameliorating pathological phenotypes and improving learning and memory ability.
Andrographolide attenuates short-term spatial and recognition memory impairment and neuroinflammation induced by a streptozotocin rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Souza Leonardo C. , Andrade Marcos K. , Azevedo Evellyn M. , Ramos Daniele C. , Bail Ellen L. , Vital Maria A. B. F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder clinically manifested by a gradual cognitive decline. Intracerebroventricular injection (ICV) of streptozotocin (STZ), a model of Sporadic AD (sAD), shows many aspects of sAD abnormalities (i.e., neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, protein aggregation) resulting in memory impairment. Andrographolide (ANDRO), a natural diterpene lactone, has numerous bioactivities including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Studies in rodents revealed that ANDRO has neuroprotective properties and restores cognitive impairment. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ANDRO in the ICV-STZ model relative to short-term spatial memory (Object location test (OLT) and Y maze test), short-term recognition memory (Object recognition test (ORT)), locomotor activity (Open field test (OFT)), expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP), and activation of astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression) and microglia (ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1) immunohistochemistry) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP). Wistar rats were injected ICV with STZ (3 mg/kg) or vehicle and treated with ANDRO (2 mg/kg, i.p.; three times per week). After four weeks, ANDRO attenuated the impairments of the Y maze and ORT performances, and the increase of the astrocyte activation in the PFC induced by the ICV-STZ model. In addition, ANDRO decreased the number of activated microglia cells in the HIP of STZ-injected rats. The APP expression was not altered, neither by the STZ nor ANDRO. ANDRO showed a beneficial effect on memory impairment and neuroinflammation in the STZ model of AD.