bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pattern of ENT Emergencies in Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Islam Md Shahriar , Islam Md Rafiqul , Siddique Mohammad Abubakar , Alam Mohd Rafiul , Rahman Md Mijanur , Afrin Anika , Islam Mohammad Nazrul , Ahasan Syed Ali , Hossain Munshi Md Delwar 
Published: April 2022

Background: Emergencies in ENT practice has a wide spectrum and management of each condition requires specialized skills. Crucial decisions are necessary to save patients life in hurried situations.
Objectives: This study is carried out with an objective to find out pattern of ENT emergencies in tertiary level hospital.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study was done in two major tertiary level hospitals (Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital) of Dhaka, Bangladesh. This study was conducted in a period of six months and took into account all inpatient and outpatient emergencies in this period. These included 496 patients either admitted as emergency or took emergency treatment without admission from department of ENT and Head-Neck surgery of two tertiary level hospitals.
Results: 496 patients of between age ranges 2 months-80 years with a mean age 26.3 years were included. Male female ratio was 1.9:1.55.65% patients are from rural area. The total throat related cases were maximum (40.52%) in comparison to ear (32.26%) and nose (27.22%). Inflammatory condition in pharynx (46.27%) is the most common among throat related emergencies, followed by foreign body in throat (32.26%). Fish bone impaction is the most common (33.36%) emergencies among foreign body in throat. Foreign body in throat was mostly seen in 0 to 10 age group. Acute upper respiratory tract infection is the highest (27.96%) among the pharyngeal emergencies. Laryngeal emergencies with stridor were most common (47.62%) among laryngeal, tracheal and bronchial emergencies other than foreign body. Among the otological emergencies external ear emergencies other than foreign body (40%) was most common. Vegetables foreign body in the ear was most common (40%) among the foreign body in ear. Foreign body in ear mostly found in 0 to 10 age group. Traumatic injury to external ear is the most common (18.75%) among external ear emergencies other than foreign body. Among the sinonasal emergencies epistaxis was most common (39.26%). Most of the cases were managed surgically (71.97%) 87.5% cases were recovered from emergencies with overall mortality of (1.21%).
Conclusion: Epistaxis emerged as the leading cause of ENT emergencies followed by foreign body in ENT region. Most of the ENT emergencies were managed surgically under local anaesthesia. So, presence of otolaryngological department in thana and district level hospital could avoid unnecessary referral.
Sir Salimullah Med Coll J 2022; 30: 67-74
Comparison of Efficacy and Tolerability of Ferrous Sulfate and Carbonyl Iron in Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnant Woman
Authors: Ahmed Taslima Nasreen , Shahriar Iram , Md Iqbal Jalal Uddin , Rowshan Mahfuza Mazeda , Yusuf Riti 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy is common and causes a huge burden globally. Bangladesh is known to have a high prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women. Hence, it is important to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of drugs in treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy.
Objective: The purpose of present study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of Ferrous Sulfate and Carbonyl Iron in Iron Deficiency Anemia in pregnant women.
Methodology: An observational prospective study was conducted in obstetric and gynae out – patient department of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital. Woman between 16 – 28 weeks of pregnancy with haemoglobin level 7 – 10 g/dl with microcytic hypochromic blood film were included in this study. Pregnant women in 1st and 3rd trimester of pregnancy were excluded from the study. Among the study population one group was given Tablet Ferrous Sulfate and another group was given Capsule Carbonyl Iron.
Results: There was significant and comparable rise in HB in 4th, 8th and 12th week in the two group. (p<0.001). Carbonyl iron showed significantly more rise in Hb as compared to Ferrous Sulfate. Adverse effects were seen more in number and intensity with Ferrous Sulfate. Individual efficacy of both compounds was good but Carbonyl Iron was better tolerated.
Conclusion: Carbonyl Iron is more effective and tolerable than Ferrous Sulfate in treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy.
Sir Salimullah Med Coll J 2022; 30: 83-88
Focal Acute Pyelonephritis in Two Months Pregnant Woman: A Case Report
Authors: Tabassum Mehenaj , Halder Bibekananda , Hossain Mohammad Sazzad 
Published: April 2022

Acute pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the renal pelvis and parenchyma, most commonly seen in young women. Complicated and uncomplicated pyelonephritis, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, and tuberculosis are all urinary tract infections for which imaging evaluation adds diagnostic information important for patient care. The incidence of focal acute pyelonephritis parallels that of lower urinary tract infection, approximately five times more common in female with a sharp increase following puberty. Diagnosis is typically based on characteristics clinical feature and abnormal laboratory values. Imaging aids further assessment. Here we present a case of young pregnant women who reported with severe right loin pain and burning micturition for an emergency ultrasound. Ultrasound showed features of acute pyelonephritis. Routine urine examination showed plenty of pus cells and absence of RBC. Considering risk: benefit ratio, the clinician performed CT scan which confirms the diagnosis.
Sir Salimullah Med Coll J 2022; 30: 93-95
Leptospirose no Brasil: uma abordagem em saúde coletiva
Authors: Oliveira Evaldo Hipólito de , Holanda Elison Costa , Andrade Sâmia Moreira de , Costa Plínio Robson Cavalcante , Taminato Rodrigo Luís , Santos Denise Alves 
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Apresentar a distribuição e a análise epidemiológica dos casos de leptospirose confirmados no País de 2010 a 2019. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, retrospectivo e descritivo de cunho populacional, utilizando-se dados secundários, obtidos no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Avaliando aspectos relacionados ao gênero, faixa etária, etnia, escolaridade, critério de confirmação, evolução clinica, regiões de residência, unidades da federação, fonte e características do local de infecção e por fim pacientes em idade gestacional no País. Tabularam-se os dados, utilizando os programas TABNET e Microsoft Office Excel 2019. Resultados: O perfil epidemiológico da doença no Brasil foi prevalente no sexo masculino (79,5%) com maior número de casos na faixa etária de 20-39 anos (39,5%) e com escolaridade de 5ª a 8ª serie incompleta do Ensino Fundamental (15,8%). Houve ainda uma maior confirmação de pacientes de etnia branca (45,0%). Também foi possível verificar que mais da metade dos casos foram na zona urbana (54,40%) e em domicílios (41,0%). Destaque para as regiões Sudeste (32,60%), Sul (32,40%), com e no estado de São Paulo (22,5%). Quanto ao desfecho clínico, verificou-se um elevado percentual de indivíduos curados (83,1%) e 8,60% de letalidade, em que 0,85% dos casos foram a óbito devido à doença. A maioria das gestantes no 2° trimestre gestacional (32,3%) dos casos notificados; seguido do 3° trimestre com 27%. Conclusão: Assim, conclui-se que a aplicação de atitudes pessoais de prevenção e no dever da administração pública de proporcionar saneamento básico, educação em saúde e infraestrutura.
Demanda hídrica do tomate de mesa no município de Paranapuã-SP em diferentes épocas de plantio
Authors: Martins Filho José Bonifácio , Cremasco Caroline Pires , Noris Francisco José , Santos Rafaela Magalhães dos , Santos Julia Silva Pereira dos , Dal Pai Alexandre , Dal Pai Enzo 
Published: April 2022

O tomate é uma das hortaliças mais cultivadas no Brasil, há diversas variedades e sistemas de produção, para que não haja baixos níveis de rendimento nas lavouras é necessário assegurar o requerimento hídrico da cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a demanda e pegada hídrica do tomate de mesa com base na simulação de cultivos para o município de Paranapuã-SP em diferentes épocas do ano. Foi estabelecida como área de estudo o município de Paranapuã-SP, os dados climáticos foram obtidos no Canal CLIMA da UNESP. As simulações de épocas de plantio foram realizadas no software CROPWAT 8.0. A demanda hídrica do tomate por ciclo é maior considerando o plantio em janeiro (347,3 mm) e menor quando plantado em abril (263,8 mm), a pegada hídrica azul aumenta à medida que o plantio é adiado, em função da necessidade de suprir a demanda hídrica do cultivo com aplicação de água via irrigação.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM KELAUTAN-PERIKANAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 32 TAHUN 2014 DI KEPULAUAN RIAU
Authors: Aldisun Frim , Ukas Ukas , Zuhdi Arman Zuhdi Arman 
Published: April 2022

Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara yang luas wilayahnya terbentang meliputi wilayah daratan, udara dan laut yang telah diakui didunia Internasional, lebih hususnya lagi UNCLOS III 1982. Sebagai Sumber Daya Alam yang lebih luas tentu pengelolaan dan pemanpatannya juga harus lebih terkonsentrasi dengan peraturan perundang-undangan serta kebijakan pemerintah Daerah Kepulauan Riau. Undang-Undang No. 32 Tahun 2014 tentang Kelautan yang menganti Undang-Undang No. 6 Tahun 1996 tentang Perairan, dimana di dalam Undang-Undang tersebut kelautan itu memberikan pemahaman tentang penanganan, pengelolaan sumber daya alam itu terutama pengelolaan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam kelautan dan perikanannya, termasuk pengaturan, perncanaan yang bertumpuh pada pengelolaan sumber daya alam kelautan di Kepulauan Riau. Perencanaan kelautan dan perikanan termasuk ruang laut di Kepulauan Riau itu harus benar-benar di kelolah dengan baik dan penuh perencanaan berdasarkan Peraturan tentang Kalautan dan Perikanan yang ada. Kebijakan pemerintah dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam harus merupak tumpuh pembangunan yang diperhatikan dengan susngguh-sungguh. Pembanugnan kelauatan dan perikanan di Kepulauan Riau sudah berjalan dengan baik, tinggal bagimmmana pengawasan pengelolaan dan pemanfaatannya yang harus ditingkatkan, agar wilayah kelautan-perikanan benar-benar termanfaatkan bagi msyarakat Kepulauan Riau.
Ring-Fused meso-Tetraarylchlorins as Auspicious PDT Sensitizers: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, Photophysics, and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Laranjo Mafalda , Pereira Nelson A. M. , Oliveira Andreia S. R. , Campos Aguiar Márcia , Brites Gonçalo , Nascimento Bruno F. O. , Serambeque Beatriz , Costa Bruna D. P. , Pina João , Seixas de Melo J. Sérgio , Pineiro Marta , Botelho M. Filomena , Pinho e Melo Teresa M. V. D. 
Published: April 2022

Novel 4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-fused meso-tetraarylchlorins, with different degrees of hydrophilicity (with methyl ester, hydroxymethyl, and carboxylic acid moieties), have been synthesized and their photophysical characterization as well as in vitro photocytotoxicity assessment against human melanoma and esophageal and bladder carcinomas was carried out. An integrated analysis of the photosensitizers’ performance, considering the singlet oxygen generation data, cell internalization, and intracellular localization, allowed to establish relevant structure-photoactivity relationships and the rationalization of the observed photocytotoxicity. In the diacid and monoalcohol series, chlorins derived from meso-tetraphenylporphyrin proved to be the most efficient photodynamic therapy agents, showing IC50 values of 68 and 344 nM against A375 cells, respectively. These compounds were less active against OE19 and HT1376 cells, the diacid chlorin with IC50 values still in the nano-molar range, whereas the monohydroxymethyl-chlorin showed significantly higher IC50 values. The lead di(hydroxymethyl)-substituted meso-tetraphenylchlorin confirmed its remarkable photoactivity with IC50 values below 75 nM against the studied cancer cell lines. Subcellular accumulation of this chlorin in the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and plasma membrane was demonstrated.
Oil Charging Power Simulation and Tight Oil Formation of Fuyu Oil Layer in Sanzhao Area, Songliao Basin
Authors: Si Shanghua , He Junhao , Liu Ping , Liu Jiexin , Yan Gongjie , Yao Qingtong , Yang Yong , Chen Xu , Liu Chao 
Published: April 2022

A thermodynamic and hydrocarbon composition model based on VTFlinc software was conducted based on the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions and gas-to-liquid ratio, and the fluid inclusions’ trapped pressure was calculated. This software does not require the determination of individual inclusions, the composition of the simulation procedure is simple, and the simulation result has certain reliability. The VTFlinc software was used to calculate the trapped pressure of oil inclusions in the Fuyu tight reservoir of the Sanzhao area in the Songliao Basin. The results show the existence of two phases of oil charge. The first phase occurred at the end of the Nenjiang Formation at 79–74 Ma with an oil entrapped pressure of 16.922–19.068 MPa, and pressure coefficient of 1.18–1.26. During the second period in the Sifangtai Mingshui group at 69–64 Ma, the oil entrapped pressure was 20.216–28.830 MPa, and the pressure coefficient was 1.21–1.33. During the two periods, the pressure of the trapped oil inclusions is abnormal, and the pressure coefficient is above 1.2. Abnormal high pressure is the main driving force of hydrocarbon source rock and oil in the Fuyu Formation, as well as an important driving force for the lateral migration of oil in the tight reservoir. The reservoir formation model of the Fuyu tight oil reservoir in the Sanzhao area is a direct high-pressure charging and multi-channel migration accumulation model. The Q-1 source rock and Fuyu oil layer has a direct contact relationship between the source rock and the reservoir.
High-Temperature and High-Pressure Phase Transition of Natural Barite Investigated by Raman Spectroscopy and Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Hong Meiling , Dai Lidong , Hu Haiying , Zhang Xinyu , Li Chuang 
Published: April 2022

We investigated the structural, vibrational, and electrical transport properties for natural barite under the conditions of 298–873 K and 1.5–35.0 GPa using a diamond anvil cell by virtue of Raman spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements. Upon compression, natural barite transformed into post-barite at 18.9 GPa and atmospheric temperature, which was evidenced by the emergence of υ5 Raman peak, the discontinuities in the pressure-dependent Raman shifts, FWHM of υ1 Raman peak and electrical conductivity under non-hydrostatic condition. The phase transition is of good reversibility, whereas a considerable pressure hysteresis was detected during the process of decompression. Under quasi-hydrostatic condition, the structural transition of natural barite occurred at a higher pressure of 21.4 GPa, which is possibly related to the influence of deviatoric stress. Furthermore, our high-temperature and high-pressure Raman spectra and electrical conductivity results for natural barite revealed that the phase transformation pressures decreased as temperatures enhanced and further, the phase boundary between barite and post-barite was described as P (GPa) = 24.00–0.0166 T (K). Our obtained phase diagram of natural barite can improve the knowledge about the structural and electrical properties for other barite-group minerals MSO4 (M = Sr and Pb) under high temperature and high pressure conditions.
Role of Bacterial Consortium and Synthetic Surfactants in Promoting the Phytoremediation of Crude Oil-Contaminated Soil Using Brachiaria mutica
Authors: Anwar-ul-Haq Muhammad , Ibrahim Muhammad , Yousaf Balal , Al-Huqail Asma A. , Ali Hayssam M. 
Published: April 2022

Crude oil is causing widespread pollution in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. Phytoremediation, which is an emerging technology, involves the efficient use of plant species to remove, detoxify, and/or immobilize contaminants in the soil through natural processes. For this study, Para grass (Brachiaria mutica) inoculated with a previously isolated and characterized bacterial consortium was grown in a pot containing crude oil-contaminated soil. The effects of different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, and 1% of 10% detergent solution in ultrapure water) of nonionic surfactant (Triton X-100) on the degradation of crude oil in contaminated soil were observed. After 4-month experimentation, the maximum growth of the plant root length (28.57 cm), shoot length (65.73 cm), and dry biomass of root and shoot (92.42 g) in the pot having an application of surfactants of 0.1% augmented with the bacterial consortium (T7) was observed. Increasing the concentration of Triton X-100 from 0.01 to 1% augmented with a bacterial consortium led to the maximum removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons ranging between 6 and 40%. This is an indication of the inhibiting effect of Triton X-100 above 0.1% on the growth of plants. Furthermore, the hydrocarbon degradation was confirmed by the FTIR study that can be attributed to the adopted plant species' ability to degrade crude oil contamination, and it is evident through the FTIR results after 120 days of experimentation that the different functional groups are responsible for petroleum hydrocarbons present in soil samples. The current study concludes that the application of integrated treatment of crude oil-contaminated soil by using Triton X-100 and augmented with microbes can help to restore polluted soils for agricultural use. Future strategies such as bioaugmentation of contaminated soil with PGPR and the use of genetically modified (GMO) plants may result in amplifying plant tolerance and ultimately lower the level of soil pollutants for better soil health and boost plant yield.
The Effect of Banning Fireworks on Air Quality in a Heavily Polluted City in Northern China During Chinese Spring Festival
Authors: Liu Dexin , Li Wanlong , Peng Jianbiao , Ma Qingxia 
Published: April 2022

Air pollution has a negative impact on the ecological environment as well as on the health of people. Setting off fireworks and firecrackers lead to a significant deterioration in air quality in a short period of time. The firework prohibition policy of 2016 in Zhengzhou City provides an opportunity to investigate the effect of banning fireworks on air quality during the Spring Festival. The Air Quality Index and the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and O3 during the Spring Festival between 2014 and 2019 in Zhengzhou City were analyzed. The results show that: There were small fluctuations in precipitation, air pressure, wind speed, temperature and relative humidity during the Spring Festival from 2014 to 2019. The air quality index in the Spring Festival in 2016 was significantly lower than that in 2014 and 2015, and the air quality in 2018 and 2019 showed greater improvements. The sudden increases in pollutants concentrations has been weakened, showing an obvious “peak-shaving” effect during the traditional heavy pollution period, New Year’s Eve to the first day of the first lunar month. In 2014 and 2015 years, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 reached their peaks at 1:00 a.m. on the first day of the new year, and fluctuated in the ranges of 259–271 μg/m³ and 380–384 μg/m³, respectively. The concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were 44 and 100 μg/m³, respectively in 2016, 40 and 80 μg/m³ in 2018 during the same period. In addition, the ban implemented has the most obvious impact on PM2.5 and PM10. Compared with the Spring Festival in 2014, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 increased by 19.15 and 18.64% in 2015, decreased by 18.38% and 15.90% in 2016, and decreased by 16.83% and 26.05% in 2018. Therefore, banning fireworks and firecrackers will help to improve the air quality during the Spring Festival in Zhengzhou City to a certain extent.
Prognostic Value and Therapeutic Perspectives of CXCR Members in the Glioma Microenvironment
Authors: He Jiarong , Jiang Zhongzhong , Lei Jiawei , Zhou Wen , Cui Yan , Luo Biao , Zhang Mingming 
Published: April 2022

Background: CXCR (CXC Chemokine Receptor) is a complex of the immune-associated protein involved in tumor activation, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis through various chemical signals in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, significant prognostic characteristics of CXCR members and their impact on the occurrence and progression of glioma have not yet been fully elucidated.Methods: In this research, we used Oncomine, TCGA, GTEx, and CGGA databases to analyze the transcription and survival data of glioma patients. Afterward, the influence of CXCR members on the TME was explored using comprehensive bioinformatics analysis.Results: The mRNA expression levels of CXCR1/2/3/4/7 were significantly up-regulated in glioma than in normal samples, whereas the mRNA expression level of CXCR5 was decreased. We then summarized the genetic alteration landscape of CXCR and identified two molecular subtypes based on CXCR expression patterns in glioma. The characteristics of CXCRs were also investigated, including the clinicopathological parameters, TME cell infiltration, and prognosis of patients with glioma. After Lasso and multivariable Cox regression, a CR-Score for predicting overall survival (OS) was constructed and the predictive performance of the signature was validated. The high-risk group was a significantly poorer prognostic group than the low-risk group as judged by the CR-Score (TCGA cohort, p &lt; 0.001, CGGA cohort, p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the CR-Score was significantly correlated to the tumor-immune infiltration and cancer stem cell (CSC) index. A risk scale-based nomogram incorporating clinical factors for individual risk estimation was established thereby.Conclusion: These findings may pave the way for enhancing our understanding of CXCR modification patterns and developing better immune therapeutic approaches for glioma.