bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solidarity and Care Economy in Times of ‘Crisis’: A View from Greece and Hungary Between 2015 and 2020
Authors: Travlou Penny , Bernát Anikó 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis chapter describes the emergence of solidarity actions in two European countries—Greece and Hungary—in response to two recent crises: the arrival of large numbers of refugees in 2015 and the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Focusing on the experiences in two European countries with different socio-political, historical trajectories and civic traditions, we look at how solidarity economy emerged in crisis and how it was framed not only on monetised value but also on care and nurture. Our accounts of Greece and Hungary draw from ethnographic fieldwork and other qualitative social research (interviews and focus groups) with grassroots solidarity collectives.
A Critical Perspective on the Sharing Economy in Tourism Using Examples of the Accommodation Sector in Austria
Authors: Höfner Malte , Rosegger Rainer 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn recent decades, services on digital platforms have become increasingly important in tourism. What started with concepts of exchange as a non- or less commodified practice of sharing accommodations (e.g., Couchsurfing) became exceedingly commodified in the platform economy on a global scale and turned into successful business models (e.g., Airbnb) with strong effects on traditional provider structures and local labour market. In Austria, the economic relevance of tourism traces back more than 100 years. Today, new forms of overnight stays, such as short-term rentals (STRs), have flooded the traditional tourism industry market with offerings in the accommodation sector and pose particular challenges in the housing market in Austrian cities. The COVID-19 crisis highlights the general volatility in tourism. Therefore, alternative business models seem to be more important than before. Discussing the relevance of hybrid sharing as a business model between market-based services and platform cooperatives in the global platform economy, domestic examples from Austria serve as an incentive for other countries to show new pathways in terms of alternative platform structures and work towards a less volatile economy. In doing so, national insights of regulations of global players and new guidelines of platform-based sharing are debated too.
The Efficacy of Corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and Colchicine in the Treatment of Pediatric Postoperative Pericardial Effusion
Authors: Somani Nirmiti , Breur Hans 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study is to investigate and compare the efficacy of corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and colchicine in treating postoperative pericardial effusion (PPE) following cardiac surgery in the pediatric setting, on the basis of available literature. To investigate and compare the efficacy of corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and colchicine in treating postoperative pericardial effusion (PPE) following cardiac surgery in the pediatric setting, on the basis of available literature. A systematic review was conducted by carrying out a database search in PubMed on April 20th, 2021. An English language filter was added, but no time restrictions were applied. Lack of pediatric literature prompted a broadening of the search to include adult literature. One pediatric and four adult studies were included, but the pediatric evidence was not found to be of satisfactory quality, and the findings of adult literature could not be readily generalized to the pediatric setting. No well-founded conclusions could be drawn regarding the efficacy of corticosteroids, NSAIDs, or colchicine in treating PPE, as a striking lack of evidence for their efficacy in the pediatric setting were revealed. A knowledge gap was found in the literature, indicating a need for good-quality randomized controlled trials to bridge this gap.
Understanding of the Effect of Climate Change on Tropical Cyclone Intensity: A Review
Authors: Wu Liguang , Zhao Haikun , Wang Chao , Cao Jian , Liang Jia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe effect of climate change on tropical cyclone intensity has been an important scientific issue for a few decades. Although theory and modeling suggest the intensification of tropical cyclones in a warming climate, there are uncertainties in the assessed and projected responses of tropical cyclone intensity to climate change. While a few comprehensive reviews have already provided an assessment of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclone activity including tropical cyclone intensity, this review focuses mainly on the understanding of the effect of climate change on basin-wide tropical cyclone intensity, including indices for basin-wide tropical cyclone intensity, historical datasets used for intensity trend detection, environmental control of tropical cyclone intensity, detection and simulation of tropical cyclone intensity change, and some issues on the assessment of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclone intensity. In addition to the uncertainty in the historical datasets, intertwined natural variabilities, the considerable model bias in the projected large-scale environment, and poorly simulated inner-core structures of tropical cyclones, it is suggested that factors controlling the basin-wide intensity can be different from individual tropical cyclones since the assessment of the effect of climate change treats tropical cyclones in a basin as a whole.
Strategien, Richtlinien und Empfehlungen zur Bewältigung der COVID-19-Pandemie in Einrichtungen der Palliativ- und Hospizversorgung. Ergebnisse eines Scoping-Reviews
Authors: Wahidie Diana , Altinok Kübra , Yılmaz-Aslan Yüce , Brzoska Patrick 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Palliativ- und Hospizeinrichtungen sind durch die COVID-19-Pandemie besonderen Herausforderungen ausgesetzt. Gründe dafür sind insbesondere das hohe Alter und bestehende Vorerkrankungen der Patienten sowie ein körperlich naher Kontakt zwischen Mitarbeitern und Patienten.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es, bestehende Strategien, Richtlinien und Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit den Herausforderungen der COVID-19-Pandemie in der Palliativ- und Hospizversorgung zu ermitteln, die in Deutschland und anderen Ländern zum Einsatz kommen.

Material und Methoden
Im Rahmen eines Scoping Reviews wurden die Datenbanken PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science und PsycInfo durchsucht. Zusätzlich wurde „graue Literatur“ über Google Search und Google Scholar recherchiert. Eingeschlossen wurden alle deutsch- und englischsprachigen Artikel im Zeitraum Januar 2020 bis August 2021, die sich auf die stationäre Palliativ- und Hospizversorgung beziehen.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 51 Veröffentlichungen in die Analyse aufgenommen. Die identifizierten Maßnahmen lassen sich 10 verschiedenen Kategorien zuordnen: Maßnahmen zur Infektionskontrolle, strukturelle Maßnahmen, Besuchsregelungen, Kommunikationsstrukturen, Schulung und Aufklärung, psychosoziale Unterstützungsmaßnahmen, spezifische Überlegungen für Menschen mit Demenz, vorausschauende Pflegeplanung, Abschiednahme sowie Maßnahmen nach dem Tod.

Diskussion
Bei der Bewältigung der COVID-19-Pandemie dominieren insbesondere Maßnahmen zur Ermöglichung der Kommunikation zwischen Patienten, Mitarbeitern und Angehörigen, psychosoziale Unterstützungsmaßnahmen, strukturelle Maßnahmen und Empfehlungen zur Schulung und Aufklärung aller Beteiligten. Strategien zur Palliativversorgung von Menschen mit Demenz in Pandemiezeiten sowie zu Abschiednahme und Trauerbewältigung von Hinterbliebenen finden weniger Beachtung.
Surgical treatment of a symptomatic os acromiale by arthroscopy-assisted double-button fixation: a case report
Authors: Eckl Larissa , Scheibel Markus 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Case
We present the case of a symptomatic os acromiale in a 51-year-old female patient. Arthroscopy-assisted treatment was performed using a double-button fixation system and additional suture cerclage. The patient presented with complete radiographic bone union, pain relief, improved range of motion and did not require hardware removal at the 12-month follow-up.

Conclusion
The achievement of persistent consolidation between the two fragmented bone surfaces, without further need for hardware removal and improved clinical outcome, suggests that our minimally invasive technique is appropriate for this specific indication. To our knowledge, this technique has not been described in the literature yet.
Biomechanical stability of short versus long proximal femoral nails in osteoporotic subtrochanteric A3 reverse-oblique femoral fractures: a cadaveric study
Authors: Linhart Christoph , Kistler Manuel , Kussmaul Adrian C. , Woiczinski Matthias , Böcker Wolfgang , Ehrnthaller Christian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Due to the demographic change towards an older society, osteoporosis-related proximal femur fractures are steadily increasing. Intramedullary nail osteosyntheses are available in different lengths, where the field of application overlaps. The aim of this study was to investigate whether subtrochanteric fractures can also be treated stably using a short femoral intramedullary nail in cadaveric bones.

Methods
A short PFNA and a long PFNA were implanted in both seven artificial bones and osteoporotic human specimens. A standardized AO 31-A3 (reverse-oblique) fracture was placed in the specimens with a lateral fracture spur 2 cm proximal to the distal locking screw (short PFNA) and embedded. The simulated iliotibial tract was preloaded to 50 N. The force was applied at 10 mm/min up to a force of 200–800 N (artificial bones) and 200–400 N (human specimens). The dislocation of the fracture gap, the axial bone stiffness of bone construct and the force curve of the tractus iliotibialis were measured.

Results
There is no difference in the use of a short versus long PFNA in terms of stiffness of the overall construct and only a slight increase in dislocation in the fracture gap results with short PFNA compared to a long intramedullary nail.

Conclusion
In summary of the available literature, the present study supports the thesis that there is no clinical difference between long versus short nails in A3 femur fractures. Furthermore, the present study defines a safe biomechanical range of fracture extension above the locking screw of the short intramedullary nail.

Level of Evidence
III
Artificial neural networks for resources optimization in energetic environment
Authors: D’Angelo Gianni , Palmieri Francesco , Robustelli Antonio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractResource Planning Optimization (RPO) is a common task that many companies need to face to get several benefits, like budget improvements and run-time analyses. However, even if it is often solved by using several software products and tools, the great success and validity of the Artificial Intelligence-based approaches, in many research fields, represent a huge opportunity to explore alternative solutions for solving optimization problems. To this purpose, the following paper aims to investigate the use of multiple Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for solving a RPO problem related to the scheduling of different Combined Heat & Power (CHP) generators. The experimental results, carried out by using data extracted by considering a real Microgrid system, have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
On the performance metrics for cyber-physical attack detection in smart grid
Authors: Diaba Sayawu Yakubu , Shafie-khah Miadreza , Elmusrati Mohammed 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSupervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems play an important role in Smart Grid. Though the rapid evolution provides numerous advantages it is one of the most desired targets for malicious attackers. So far security measures deployed for SCADA systems detect cyber-attacks, however, the performance metrics are not up to the mark. In this paper, we have deployed an intrusion detection system to detect cyber-physical attacks in the SCADA system concatenating the Convolutional Neural Network and Gated Recurrent Unit as a collective approach. Extensive experiments are conducted using a benchmark dataset to validate the performance of the proposed intrusion detection model in a smart metering environment. Parameters such as accuracy, precision, and false-positive rate are compared with existing deep learning models. The proposed concatenated approach attains 98.84% detection accuracy which is much better than existing techniques.
A survey among physicians in surgery and anesthesiology departments after the first surge of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Germany
Authors: Grishina Anna , Link Fabian , Arend Arne , Kleemann Florentine , Tober-Lau Pinkus , Andree Dominik , Münn Friederike , Gruendl Magdalena , Quante Markus , Lederhuber Hans , Albertsmeier Markus , Struller Florian , Grützmann Robert , Königsrainer Alfred , Löffler Markus W. 
Published: January 2022

Summary
Background
The SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic has extensively challenged healthcare systems all over the world. Many elective operations were postponed or cancelled, changing priorities and workflows in surgery departments.

Aims
The primary aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the workload and psychosocial burden of surgeons and anesthesiologists, working in German hospitals during the first wave of SARS-CoV‑2 infections in 2020.

Methods
Quantitative online survey on the workplace situation including psychosocial and work-related stress factors among resident and board-certified surgeons and anesthesiologists. Physicians in German hospitals across all levels of healthcare were contacted via departments, professional associations and social media posts.

Results
Among 154 total study participants, 54% of respondents stated a lack of personal protective equipment in their own wards and 56% reported increased staff shortages since the onset of the pandemic. While routine practice was reported as fully resumed in 71% of surgery departments at the time of the survey, work-related dissatisfaction among responding surgeons and anesthesiologists increased from 24% before the pandemic to 36% after the first wave of infections. As a countermeasure, 94% of participants deemed the establishment of action plans to increase pandemic preparedness and strengthening German public health systems a useful measure to respond to current challenges.

Conclusion
The aftermath of the first wave of SARS-CoV‑2 infections in Germany has left the surgical staff strained, despite temporarily decreased workloads. Overall, a critical review of the altered conditions is indispensable to identify and promote effective solutions and prudent action plans required to address imminent challenges.
Modified use of the proximal humeral internal locking system (PHILOS) plate for distal femoral nonunions
Authors: Poelmann Josje , Kloen Peter 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Nonunion is a common complication after a distal femoral fracture (DFF). Standard treatment consists of revision plating and/or bone grafting. Single lateral plating for a distal femoral nonunion can be insufficient in case of a persistent medial gap and compromised bone stock. Alternatively, dual plating can be used to treat a distal femoral nonunion, but to date there is no Gold standard. The aim of our study was to report our results after use of a minimally invasively placed proximal humeral internal locking system (Philos) plate as a medial buttress in the treatment of a distal femoral nonunion.

Methods
Fifteen adult patients with a distal femoral nonunion were prospectively entered in a trauma database and retrospectively assessed. All patients underwent a similar operation, which included removal of failed hardware, nonunion debridement, fixation with a lateral plate, and a medial Philos plate combined with bone grafting. Data collected included union rate, time to union, complications and functional outcome.

Results
In twelve out of fifteen patients (80%), the fracture united after our index operation. Median time to union was 4.8 months (range 1.6–15). Three patients (20%) needed additional bone grafting surgery. One patient underwent a Judet quadricepsplasty.

Conclusion
This study suggests that the Philos plate is a safe and effective adjunct as a medial buttress plate for distal femoral nonunions.
BioMIPs: molecularly imprinted silk fibroin nanoparticles to recognize the iron regulating hormone hepcidin
Authors: Bossi Alessandra Maria , Maniglio Devid 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe possibility to prepare molecularly imprinted nanoparticles from silk fibroin was recently demonstrated starting from methacrylated silk fibroin and choosing a protein as template. Here, we attempted the imprinting of fibroin-based molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), called bioMIPs, using as a template hepcidin that is a iron-metabolism regulator-peptide, possessing a hairpin structure. A homogeneous population (PDI < 0.2) of bioMIPs with size ~50 nm was produced. The bioMIPs were selective for the template; the estimated dissociation constant for hepcidin was KD = 3.6 ± 0.5 10−7 M and the average number of binding sites per bioMIP was equal to 2. The bioMIPs used in a competitive assay for hepcidin in serum showed a detection range of 1.01 10−7– 6.82 10−7 M and a limit of detection of 3.29 10−8 M.
Graphical abstract
Continuum Limit of Lipschitz Learning on Graphs
Authors: Roith Tim , Bungert Leon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTackling semi-supervised learning problems with graph-based methods has become a trend in recent years since graphs can represent all kinds of data and provide a suitable framework for studying continuum limits, for example, of differential operators. A popular strategy here is p-Laplacian learning, which poses a smoothness condition on the sought inference function on the set of unlabeled data. For $$p<\infty $$

p
<
∞

continuum limits of this approach were studied using tools from $$\varGamma $$
Γ
-convergence. For the case $$p=\infty $$

p
=
∞

, which is referred to as Lipschitz learning, continuum limits of the related infinity Laplacian equation were studied using the concept of viscosity solutions. In this work, we prove continuum limits of Lipschitz learning using $$\varGamma $$
Γ
-convergence. In particular, we define a sequence of functionals which approximate the largest local Lipschitz constant of a graph function and prove $$\varGamma $$
Γ
-convergence in the $$L^{\infty }$$

L
∞

-topology to the supremum norm of the gradient as the graph becomes denser. Furthermore, we show compactness of the functionals which implies convergence of minimizers. In our analysis we allow a varying set of labeled data which converges to a general closed set in the Hausdorff distance. We apply our results to nonlinear ground states, i.e., minimizers with constrained $$L^p$$

L
p

-norm, and, as a by-product, prove convergence of graph distance functions to geodesic distance functions.
Is grandparental childcare socio-economically patterned? Evidence from the English longitudinal study of ageing
Authors: Di Gessa Giorgio , Glaser Karen , Zaninotto Paola 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGrandparents play a vital role in providing childcare to families. Qualitative research and evidence from parents raise concerns that it is grandparents who are socio-economically disadvantaged who provide grandchild care more regularly, perform more intensive tasks, and care out of financial necessity. However, no European studies have investigated these issues at population level. This study is based on grandparents aged 50+ who looked after grandchildren. Data are from wave 8 of the nationally representative English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2016/2017). We exploit newly collected information on frequency of grandchild care, activities, and reasons for care. Using multinomial regressions, we first examined the extent to which grandparents’ socio-economic characteristics (wealth and education) are associated with frequency of grandchild care. Second, using logistic regressions, we investigated whether wealth and education are associated with activities and reasons for grandchild care. Overall, grandparents from disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds were more likely to provide more regular childcare. Similarly, grandparents in the lowest wealth quartile were more involved in hands-on activities (cooking, taking/collecting grandchildren to/from school), whereas highly educated grandparents were more likely to help grandchildren with homework. Finally, better-off grandparents were more likely to look after grandchildren to help parents and provide emotional support and less likely to report difficulty in refusing to provide care. Our findings show that grandparental childcare varies by socio-economic status with more intensive childcare activities falling disproportionately on those with fewer resources, and this may act to exacerbate existing socio-economic inequalities in later life.
In vivo biocompatibility evaluation of 3D-printed nickel–titanium fabricated by selective laser melting
Authors: Naujokat Hendrik , Gökkaya Ali Ihsan , Açil Yahya , Loger Klaas , Klüter Tim , Fuchs Sabine , Wiltfang Jörg 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNickel–titanium (NiTi) belongs to the group of shape-memory alloys (SMAs), which are characterized by flexibility and reversible deformability. Advanced techniques in 3D printing by selective laser-melting (SLM) process allow the manufacturing of complex patient-specific implants from SMAs. Osteosynthesis materials made of NiTi could be used for minimally invasive surgical approaches in oral- and maxillofacial surgery. However, the in vivo biocompatibility has not yet been fully investigated, especially in load-sharing and load-bearing implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo biocompatibility of SLM-produced NiTi for intraosseous and subperiosteal applications. Test specimens were implanted into the frontonasal bone of ten miniature pigs. To assess peri-implant bone metabolism, fluorescent dye was administered after 2, 4, 6, 10, 12, and 14 weeks intraperitoneally. Specimens and the surrounding tissues were harvested after 8 and 16 weeks for histological analysis. While the NiTi implants presented a higher bone-to-implant contact ratio (BIC) after 8 than after 16 weeks (43.3 vs. 40.3%), the titanium implants had a significantly higher BIC after 16 weeks (33.6 vs. 67.7%). Histologically, no signs of peri-implant inflammation or foreign-body reaction were detectable. With respect to this preliminary study design, 3D-printed NiTi shows sufficient biocompatibility for intraosseous and subperiosteal implant placement.
A sciatic nerve gap-injury model in the rabbit
Authors: Merolli Antonio , Li Michelle , Voronin Gregory , Bright Lauren 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere has been an increased number of studies of nerve transection injuries with the sciatic nerve gap-injury model in the rabbit in the past 2 years. We wanted to define in greater detail what is needed to test artificial nerve guides in a sciatic nerve gap-injury model in the rabbit. We hope that this will help investigators to fully exploit the robust translational potential of the rabbit sciatic nerve gap-injury model in its capacity to test devices whose diameter and length are in the range of those commonly applied in hand and wrist surgery (diameter ranging between 2 and 4 mm; length up to 30 mm). We suggest that the rabbit model should replace the less translational rat model in nerve regeneration research. The rabbit sciatic model, however, requires an effective strategy to prevent and control self-mutilation of the foot in the postoperative period, and to prevent pressure ulcers.