bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-World Experience of Treating Pediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Retrospective Study from a Cancer Center in Southern India
Authors: Kesana Sivasree , Radhakrishnan Venkatraman , Kalaiyarasi Jayachandran Perumal , Mehra Nikita , Selvarajan Gangothri , Karunakaran Parathan , Kannan Krishnarathinam , Dhanushkodi Manikandan , Sundersingh Shirley , Mani Samson , Ganesan Trivadi S. , Sagar Tenali Gnana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is rare in children and constitutes 2% of all leukemia. We present our institute experience in treating pediatric CML for 20 years.
Objectives There is a paucity of data on pediatric CML from India, hence we would like to present treatment responses and survival rates in our pediatric population treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors at our center.
Materials and Methods Patients aged less than 18 years, diagnosed with CML from 2000 to 2019, and treated with imatinib were analyzed retrospectively considering demographic features, treatment characteristics, and survival outcomes. Descriptive analysis was done for the baseline characteristics. Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the factors were compared using the log-rank test.
Results During the study period, 95 patients were diagnosed with CML of which 54 (56.8%) were males. The most common stage at presentation was the chronic phase (CP) with 84 (88.4%) patients followed by accelerated phase (AP) and blast crisis (BC) with 6 (6.3%) and 5 (5.3%) patients respectively. The median duration of follow-up for all patients was 98 months. EFS and OS at 8 years for patients with CML-CP were 43.1% and 80.4% respectively. Complete hematological response, complete cytogenetic response, and major molecular response was documented in 91 (95.7%), 73 (76.8%), and 63 (66.3%) patients respectively.
Conclusion Outcomes in pediatric CML are comparable to that of adults. Imatinib is well tolerated in children.
Dispersed Bone Spicules as a Cause of Postoperative Headache after Retrosigmoid Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Myth?
Authors: Ren Yin , McDonald Marin A. , Manning Paul , MacDonald Bridget V. , Schwartz Marc S. , Friedman Rick A. , Harris Jeffrey P. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objectives Dispersion of bone dust in the posterior fossa during retrosigmoid craniectomy for vestibular schwannoma (VS) resection could be a source of meningeal irritation and lead to development of persistent postoperative headaches (POH). We aim to determine risk factors, including whether the presence of bone spicules that influence POH after retrosigmoid VS resection.
Design Present study is a retrospective case series.
Setting The study was conducted at a tertiary skull-base referral center.
Participants Adult patients undergoing VS resection via a retrosigmoid approach between November 2017 and February 2020 were included for this study.
Main Outcome Measures Development of POH lasting ≥ 3 months is the primary outcome of this study.
Results Of 64 patients undergoing surgery, 49 had complete data (mean age, 49 years; 53% female). Mean follow-up time was 2.4 years. At latest follow up, 16 (33%) had no headaches, 14 (29%) experienced headaches lasting <3 months, 19 (39%) reported POH lasting ≥3 months. Twenty-seven (55%) patients had posterior fossa bone spicules detectable on postoperative computed tomography (CT). Age, gender, body mass index, length of stay, tumor diameter, size of craniectomy, the presence of bone spicules, or the amount of posterior petrous temporal bone removed from drilling did not differ significantly between patients with POH and those without. On multivariate logistic regression, patients with POH were less likely to have preoperative brainstem compression by the tumor (odds ratio [OR] = 0.21, p = 0.028) and more likely to have higher opioid requirements during hospitalization (OR = 1.023, p = 0.045).
Conclusion The presence of bone spicules in the posterior fossa on postoperative CT did not contribute to headaches following retrosigmoid craniectomy approach for VS resection.
Attenuation of Oxidative Stress, Interleukin-6, High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1, and Fibrinogen with Oral Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients with T2DM having Vitamin D Deficiency
Authors: Pasupuleti Pullaiah , Suchitra M.M. , Bitla Aparna R. , Sachan Alok 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objectives Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associated with oxidative stress and inflammation causes endothelial dysfunction, which promotes cardiovascular risk. Vitamin D with its pleiotropic effect is said to protect against cardiovascular risk. However, with vitamin D deficiency being more prevalent in T2DM, the cardiovascular risk may get compounded.
Materials and Methods An interventional study was conducted on 100 patients with T2DM having vitamin D deficiency (vitamin D < 20 ng/mL), who were given oral supplementation of 2,000 IU/day of vitamin D for a period of 6 months. Serum vitamin D, biomarkers of oxidative stress, malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized LDL (OxLDL), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), biomarkers of inflammation, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and fibrinogen were measured at baseline and at the end of the third and sixth month of vitamin D supplementation.
Statistical Analysis Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied for comparison between baseline and third- and sixth-month data after vitamin D supplementation. Linear regression by generalized estimating equations (GEE), which grouped repeated measures for each subject and accounted for correlations that may occur from multiple observations within subjects, was applied.
Results Serum vitamin D levels reached normal levels with a significant decrease in OxLDL, hsCRP, IL-6, PAI-1, and fibrinogen levels, with a significant increase in FRAP (p = 0.001) levels at the end of 6 months of vitamin D supplementation. These changes were observed even after correction with glycemic control (HbA1c). However, a significant decrease in MDA was observed only at the end of the sixth month of vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D levels showed a significant negative association with Ox-LDL, Hs-CRP, IL-6, PAI-1, and fibrinogen, even after adjusting for BMI and statin use (p = 0.001).
Conclusion Supplementation of vitamin D for a period of 6 months in patients with T2DM having vitamin D deficiency is beneficial in the attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation.
Do audited firms have a lower cost of debt?
Authors: Huq Asif M. , Hartwig Fredrik , Rudholm Niklas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate if audited financial statements add value for firms in the private debt market. Using an instrumental variable method, we find that firms with audited financial statements, on average, save 0.47 percentage points on the cost of debt compared to firms with unaudited financial statements. We also find that using the big, well-known auditing firms does not yield any additional cost of debt benefits. Lastly, we investigate if there are industries where alternative sources of information make auditing less valuable in reducing the cost of debt. Here, we find that auditing is less important in lowering cost in one industry, agriculture, where one lender has a 74% market share and a 100-year history of lending to firms within that industry. As such, it seems that lenders having high exposure to a certain industry might act as an alternative to auditing in reducing the information asymmetry between the firm and the lender.
The Random Effects Warfarin Days’ Supply (REWarDS) Model: Development and Validation of a Novel Method for Estimating Exposure to Warfarin Using Administrative Data
Authors: Salmasi Shahrzad , Högg Tanja , Safari Abdollah , De Vera Mary A , Lynd Larry D , Koehoorn Mieke , Barry Arden R , Andrade Jason G , Loewen Peter 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Warfarin’s complex dosing is a significant barrier to measurement of its exposure in observational studies using population databases. Using population-based administrative data (1996–2019) from British Columbia, Canada, we developed a method based on statistical modeling (Random Effects Warfarin Days’ Supply (REWarDS)) that involves fitting a random-effects linear regression model to patients’ cumulative dosage over time for estimation of warfarin exposure. Model parameters included a minimal universally available set of variables from prescription records for estimation of patients’ individualized average daily doses of warfarin. REWarDS estimates were validated against a reference standard (manual calculation of the daily dose using the free-text administration instructions entered by the dispensing pharmacist) and compared with alternative methods (fixed window, fixed tablet, defined daily dose, and reverse wait time distribution) using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r), the intraclass correlation coefficient, and the root mean squared error. REWarDS-estimated days’ supply showed strong correlation and agreement with the reference standard (r = 0.90 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90, 0.90); intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.95 (95% CI: 0.94, 0.95); root mean squared error = 8.24 days) and performed better than all of the alternative methods. REWarDS-estimated days’ supply was valid and more accurate than estimates from all other available methods. REWarDS is expected to confer optimal precision in studies measuring warfarin exposure using administrative data.
Impact of Letermovir Primary Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis on 1-Year Mortality After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Su Yiqi , Stern Anat , Karantoni Eleni , Nawar Tamara , Han Gyuri , Zavras Phaedon , Dumke Henry , Cho Christina , Tamari Roni , Shaffer Brian , Giralt Sergio , Jakubowski Ann , Perales Miguel Angel , Papanicolaou Genovefa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)–seropositive (R+) hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients have a survival disparity compared with CMV-seronegative recipient/donor (R–D–) pairs. We hypothesized that primary letermovir prophylaxis (LET) may abrogate this disparity. We investigated the relationship between LET and mortality at 1 year post-HCT.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, we included adult R–D– or R+ patients who received HCT pre-LET (between 1 January 2013 through 15 December 2017) and post-LET (between 16 December 2017 through December 2019). R+ were categorized by LET receipt as R+/LET or R+/no-LET. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the association of LET with all-cause mortality at 1 year after transplantation.

Results
Of 848 patients analyzed, 305 were R–D–, 364 R+/no-LET, and 160 R+/LET. Because of similar mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.29 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .76–2.18]; P = .353]) between pre-LET/R–D– and post-LET/R–D–, R–D– were combined into 1 group. Compared with R–D–, the aHR for mortality was 1.40 (95% CI, 1.01–1.93) for R+/no-LET and 0.89 (95% CI, .57–1.41) for R+/LET. Among R+, LET was associated with decreased risk of death (aHR, 0.62 [95% CI, .40–.98]); when conventional HCT and T-cell depleted HCT were analyzed separately, the aHR was 0.86 (95% CI, .51–1.43) and 0.21 (95% CI, .07–.65), respectively.

Conclusions
At 1 year post-HCT, LET was associated with closing the mortality disparity between R–D– and R+. Among all R+, LET was associated with decreased mortality, driven by 79% reduced incidence of death in T-cell depleted HCT.
Healthcare Needs and Perceptions of People Living With Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Australia: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Prasad Sharmila S , Walker Marjorie M , Talley Nicholas J , Keely Simon , Kairuz Therése , Jones Michael P , Duncanson Kerith 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and indeterminate colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) that adversely affect the healthcare needs and quality of life (QoL) of people with IBD. The aim of this study was to explore the needs and perceptions of people with IBD in a primary care setting.

Methods
This sequential explanatory mixed-methods study consisted of a cross-sectional survey (included validated tools), followed by semistructured interviews on participants’ perceptions: IBD management, healthcare professionals, IBD care, flare management, and pharmacist’s IBD roles.

Results
Sixty-seven participants completed the survey, and 8 completed interviews. Quantitative findings: Age at diagnosis had significant association with medication nonadherence (P = .04), QoL (P = .04), and disease control (P = .01) among the respondents. The odds of medication nonadherence were 8 times (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 8.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08, 60.10) higher among younger participants aged &lt;30 years. Those diagnosed with CD (P = .02) reported more likely to have unfavorable perceptions of pharmacists' role in managing their IBD (AOR = 9.45, 95% CI = 1.57, 56.62) than those with UC and indeterminate colitis. Qualitative findings: General practitioners were considered the most important care provider and the first point of contact for patients in managing all aspects of IBD. Participants identified their key need to be timely access to specialized IBD care and found that other primary healthcare professionals lacked disease-specific knowledge for managing IBD.

Conclusions
Primary healthcare professionals are well positioned but need targeted training to influence the needs of IBD patients. The specialty role of an IBD educator could complement existing services to deliver and address patient-specific care.
PlantGF: an analysis and annotation platform for plant gene families
Authors: Li Jiaxuan , Yang Shuai , Yang Xiaojie , Wu Hui , Tang Heng , Yang Long 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Gene families contain genes that come from the same ancestor and have similar sequences and structures. They perform certain specific functions within and among different species. Currently, there is no complete process or platform for the rapid analysis of plant gene families. In this study, a comprehensive query and analysis platform of plant gene families, the Plant Gene Family Platform (PlantGF), was constructed. The platform is composed of four main parts: Search, Tools, Statistics and Auxiliary. A total of 2 909 580 gene family members were identified from 138 plant species in PlantGF. The data can be queried in the Search section through a user-friendly interface. A general process for gene family analysis, having nine steps, is provided. The platform also includes four online tools (HMM-Search, BLAST, MAFFT and HMMER) in the Tools section for useful additional analyses. The statistical analysis of the relevant gene families is shown on the Statistics page. Auxiliary pages are provided for data downloading. The datasets for all 138 plant species’ protein sequences and their gene families can be acquired on the Download page. A user’s manual and some useful links are displayed on the Manual and Links pages, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, PlantGF is the first comprehensive platform for studying plant gene families, and it will make important contributions to plant gene family-related research.
Database URL: http://biodb.sdau.edu.cn/PGF/index.html
Older peoples’ views on cardiovascular disease medication: a qualitative study
Authors: Wallis Katharine A , Taylor Denise A , Fanueli Elizabeth F , Saravanakumar Priya , Wells Susan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
There is increasing evidence for the potential benefits and harms of cardiovascular disease (CVD) medications in older people (&gt;75 years) prompting updating of clinical guidelines. We explored the views of older people about CVD medication to inform guideline development.

Methods
Qualitative study using semistructured interviews and focus groups. An ethnically diverse group of community dwelling older people were purposefully recruited from northern New Zealand using flyers in primary care clinics, local libraries, social groups, and places of worship, and by word of mouth. Interviews and focus groups were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using an iterative and inductive approach to thematic analysis.

Results
Thirty-nine participants from 4 ethnic groups were recruited (mean 74 years; range 61–91 years; Māori (7), South Asian (8), European (9), and Pasifika (15)). Most participants were taking CVD medication/s. Four main themes emerged: (i) emphasizing the benefits of CVD medication and downplaying the harms; (ii) feeling compelled to take medication; (iii) trusting “my” doctor; and (iv) expecting medication to be continued.

Conclusion
Findings raise questions about older people’s agency in decision-making regarding CVD medication. CVD risk management guidelines for older people could include strategies to support effective communication of the potential benefits and harms of CVD medication in older people, balancing life expectancy, and the expected duration of therapy.
Nucleotide Usage Biases Distort Inferences of the Species Tree
Authors: Borges Rui , Boussau Bastien , Szöllősi Gergely J , Kosiol Carolin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Despite the importance of natural selection in species’ evolutionary history, phylogenetic methods that take into account population-level processes typically ignore selection. The assumption of neutrality is often based on the idea that selection occurs at a minority of loci in the genome and is unlikely to compromise phylogenetic inferences significantly. However, genome-wide processes like GC-bias and some variation segregating at the coding regions are known to evolve in the nearly neutral range. As we are now using genome-wide data to estimate species trees, it is natural to ask whether weak but pervasive selection is likely to blur species tree inferences. We developed a polymorphism-aware phylogenetic model tailored for measuring signatures of nucleotide usage biases to test the impact of selection in the species tree. Our analyses indicate that although the inferred relationships among species are not significantly compromised, the genetic distances are systematically underestimated in a node-height-dependent manner: that is, the deeper nodes tend to be more underestimated than the shallow ones. Such biases have implications for molecular dating. We dated the evolutionary history of 30 worldwide fruit fly populations, and we found signatures of GC-bias considerably affecting the estimated divergence times (up to 23%) in the neutral model. Our findings call for the need to account for selection when quantifying divergence or dating species evolution.
Peritraumatic Stress From a Disaster Increases Risk for Onset of Chronic Diseases Among Older Adults
Authors: Sands Laura P , Do Quyen , Du Pang , Pruchno Rachel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Our understanding of the impact of disaster exposure on the physical health of older adults is largely based on hospital admissions for acute illnesses in the weeks following a disaster. Studies of longer-term outcomes have centered primarily on mental health. Missing have been studies examining whether exposure to disaster increases the risk for the onset of chronic diseases. We examined the extent to which 2 indicators of disaster exposure (geographic exposure and peritraumatic stress) were associated with new onset of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, arthritis, and lung disease to improve our understanding of the long-term physical health consequences of disaster exposure.

Research Design and Methods
We linked self-reported data collected prior to and following Hurricane Sandy from a longitudinal panel study with Medicare data to assess time to new onset of chronic diseases in the 4 years after the hurricane.

Results
We found that older adults who reported high levels of peritraumatic stress from Hurricane Sandy had more than twice the risk of experiencing a new diagnosis of lung disease, diabetes, and arthritis in the 4 years after the hurricane compared to older adults who did not experience high levels of peritraumatic stress. Geographic proximity to the hurricane was not associated with these outcomes. Analyses controlled for known risk factors for the onset of chronic diseases, including demographic, psychosocial, and health risks.

Discussion and Implications
Findings reveal that physical health effects of disaster-related peritraumatic stress extend beyond the weeks and months after a disaster and include new onset of chronic diseases that are associated with loss of functioning and early mortality.
A climatology of microbarom detections at the Kerguelen Islands: unravelling the ambient noise wavefield
Authors: den Ouden Olivier F C , Assink Jelle D , Smets Pieter S M , Evers Läslo G 
Published: January 2022

SUMMARY
The ambient infrasonic noise field is complex due to the interference of spatially distributed infrasound sources. Microbaroms are one of the most dominant omnipresent infrasonic sources within this wavefield. These microbaroms are generated by nonlinear ocean surface wave interactions, and have a characteristic and continuous signature within the infrasound spectrum. Under noisy conditions, microbaroms can mask infrasonic signals of interest, such as infrasound from volcanoes or explosions, which limits detection and identification of such sources. This study performs an infrasonic climatology for infrasound array I23FR, using five years of data between 2015–2020. The array is located on the Kerguelen Islands, within the Southern Ocean, and is part of the International Monitoring System for the verification of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. The climatology analysis addresses the expected ambient noise levels, propagation paths and potential sources within the vicinity of an infrasound sensor. Time- and frequency-domain beamforming methods have been applied to analyse the infrasonic wavefield from the I23FR observations. A recently introduced method is applied to compute so-called soundscapes, to be compared with beamform results. Although the comparison indicates a disagreement in amplitude, there is a good agreement in directionality and frequency between both.