bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of bioreactor‐activated bone substitute with bone marrow nuclear cells on fusion rate and fusion mass microarchitecture in sheep
Authors: Ding Ming , Koroma Kariatta Esther , Wendt David , Martin Ivan , Martinetti Roberta , Jespersen Stig , Schrøder Henrik Daa , Overgaard Søren 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBioreactors have been used for bone graft engineering in pre‐clinical investigations over the past 15 years. The ability of bioreactor‐incubated bone marrow nuclear cells (BMNCs) to enhance bone‐forming potential varies significantly, and the three‐dimensional (3D) distribution of BMNCs within the scaffold is largely unknown. The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the efficacy of a carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) with/without BMNCs on spine fusion rate and fusion mass microarchitecture using a highly challenging two‐level posterolateral spine fusion without instrumentation; and (2) to evaluate 3D distribution of BMNCs within scaffolds characterized by immunohistochemistry. Fusion rate and fusion mass were quantified by micro‐CT, microarchitectural analysis, and histology. While the homogenous 3D distribution of BMNCs was not observed, BMNCs were found to migrate towards a substitute core. In the autograft group, the healing rate was 83.3%, irrespective of the presence of BMNCs. In the CHA group, also 83.3% was fused in the presence of BMNCs, and 66.7% fused without BMNCs. A significant decrease in the fusion mass porosity (p = .001) of the CHA group suggested the deposition of mineralized bone. The autograft group revealed more bone, thicker trabeculae, and better trabecular orientation but less connection compared to the CHA group. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the ability of bioreactors to incubate a large‐sized substitute coated with viable BMNCs with the potential for proliferation and differentiation. These findings suggested that a bioreactor‐activated substitute is comparable to autograft on spine fusion and that new functional bone regeneration could be achieved by a combination of BMNCs, biomaterials, and bioreactors.
Protective effects of N(1)‐2,4‐dihydroxybenzylidene‐N(4)‐2‐hydroxybenzylidene‐S‐methyl‐thiosemicarbazidato‐oxovanadium (IV) on oxidative brain injury in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats
Authors: Tunali Sevim , Bal‐Demirci Tulay , Ulkuseven Bahri , Yanardag Refiye 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiabetes is usually accompanied by increased production of free radicals or impaired antioxidant defenses. The brain is a target tissue of the oxidative attacks caused by diabetes, and there are observed changes in the biochemical parameters of this tissue in the hyperglycemic state. In this study, we aimed to show the effect of N(1)‐2,4‐dihydroxybenzylidene‐N(4)‐2‐hydroxybenzylidene‐S‐methyl‐thiosemicarbazidato‐oxovanadium (IV) (VOL) compound on diabetic damaged brain tissue, induced by streptozotocin (STZ) on 3.0–3.5‐month‐old male rats. Single dose of STZ at 65 mg/kg was used to make rats diabetic. Four groups were created randomly. Group (i): control (intact) animals; Group (ii): VOL given control animals; Group (iii): STZ‐induced diabetic animals; and Group (iv): orally VOL administered STZ‐induced diabetic rats. VOL (0.2 mM/kg/day) administration to control and diabetic animals was performed for a period of 12 days. At the end of day 12, the brain tissues were taken and homogenized. The clear supernatants were used for the determination of glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), nonenzymatic glycosylation (NEG), and protein levels. Alanine and aspartate transaminases and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), xanthine oxidase (XO), and oxidative stress marker enzymes activities were also estimated from the homogenates. According to the obtained results, there is found significant elevation of MDA and NEG levels and activities of transaminases, MPO and XO; whereas the GSH content and the activities of AChE and antioxidant enzymes were strongly decreased in the STZ‐induced diabetic brain tissues in comparison to control group animals. Twelve days of administration of VOL complex to the diabetic animals reversed all biochemical parameters significantly in diabetic brain tissues. Our findings suggest that the VOL complex may be an ideal candidate to be used as an anti diabetic agent to improve oxidative injury and protect the brain tissue against damage caused by diabetes. This healing effect of the VOL complex may be due to its antioxidant activity and the insulin‐mimetic effects of vanadium.
Genetic variations in ATM and H2AX loci contribute to risk of hematological abnormalities in individuals exposed to BTEX chemicals
Authors: Jafari Roshan Samaneh , Mansoori Yaser , Hosseini Seyed Reza , Sabour Davood , Daraei Abdolreza 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundLoci controlling DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) repair play an important role in defending against the harmful health effects of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX), but their gene variants may alter their repair capacity. The aim of the current study was to determine the relationship of functional polymorphisms ATM‐rs228589 A>T, WRN‐rs1800392 G>T and H2AX‐rs7759 A>G in DBS repair loci with the abnormal hematological indices in workers who exposed to BTEXs.MethodsWe included 141 cases with one or more abnormal hematological parameters, who had been occupationally exposed to BTEX chemicals and 152 controls with a similar exposure condition but without any abnormal hematological parameters. Atmospheric concentrations of BTEXs were measured and whole blood samples were taken from the participants to determine hematologic parameters and SNP genotyping.ResultsResults showed that T allele of ATM‐rs228589 and G allele of H2AX‐rs7759 had a higher frequency in cases than controls (p = 0.012 and p = 0.001, respectively). Also, AT and TT genotypes of ATM‐rs228589 and AG and GG genotypes of H2AX‐rs7759 were higher in cases compared to controls. The AT and TT genotypes of ATM‐rs228589 have significant associations with a risk of hematological abnormalities in the codominant (AT vs. AA, p = 0.018), dominant (AT + TT vs. AA, p = 0.010) and overdominant (AT vs. AA + TT, p = 0.037) models. The GG and AG genotypes of H2AX‐rs7759 were in relation with increased risk of abnormal hematological indices under codominant (GA vs. AA, p = 0.009 & GG vs. AA, p = 0.005), dominant (AG + GG vs. AA, p = 0.001), and recessive (GG vs. AA + AG, p = 0.025) models.ConclusionsThese observations may help to understand the mechanisms of BTEX hematotoxicity and identify useful biomarkers of risk assessment for workers exposed to BTEX.
Preparation of supported Fe2O3‐Cl/β‐zeolite catalyst and its application in the selective oligomerization reaction of isobutene in mixed C4
Authors: Li Jianshu , Sun Dahai , Liu Shuai , Tian Hui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDIsobutene oligomerization is a very promising reaction, and it has always been a research hotspot in the separation of mixed C4. A supported catalyst is a promising olefin oligomerization catalyst. In the work reported, a supported Fe2O3‐Cl/β‐zeolite molecular sieve catalyst was synthesized by changing the loading amount of various active components, and its catalytic effect on the selective oligomerization of isobutene was studied. The catalyst was characterized using various techniques. The experiments were carried out in a fixed bed reactor, and the effects of Fe loading, temperature and reaction space airspeed were studied.RESULTSThe catalyst has a good catalytic effect on this reaction with the load at 3%, the temperature at 70 °C, the pressure at 1 MPa and the reaction airspeed at 2 h−1.CONCLUSIONSThe conversion of isobutene was above 90%, the selectivity of C8 was around 80% and the loss of n‐butene was very small. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Imaging of surface microdomains on individual extracellular vesicles in 3‐D
Authors: McNamara Ryan P. , Zhou Yijun , Eason Anthony B. , Landis Justin T. , Chambers Meredith G. , Willcox Smaranda , Peterson Tiffany A. , Schouest Blake , Maness Nicholas J. , MacLean Andrew G. , Costantini Lindsey M. , Griffith Jack D. , Dittmer Dirk Peter 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted from all cell types and are intimately involved in tissue homeostasis. They are being explored as vaccine and gene therapy platforms, as well as potential biomarkers. As their size is below the diffraction limit of light microscopy, direct visualizations have been daunting and single‐particle studies under physiological conditions have been hampered. Here, direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) was employed to visualize EVs in three‐dimensions and to localize molecule clusters such as the tetraspanins CD81 and CD9 on the surface of individual EVs. These studies demonstrate the existence of membrane microdomains on EVs. These were confirmed by Cryo‐EM. Individual particle visualization provided insights into the heterogeneity, structure, and complexity of EVs not previously appreciated
Sodium‐glucose cotransporter type 2 channel inhibitor: Breakthrough in the treatment of neutropenia in patients with glycogen storage disease type 1b?
Authors: Kaczor Magdalena , Greczan Milena , Kierus Karolina , Ehmke vel Emczyńska‐Seliga Ewa , Ciara Elżbieta , Piątosa Barbara , Rokicki Dariusz , Książyk Janusz , Wesół‐Kucharska Dorota 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlycogen storage disease type 1b (GSD 1b) is an inherited metabolic defect caused by biallelic mutations in the SLC37A4 gene encoding microsomal glucose‐6‐phosphate (G6P) transporter in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Ineffective G6P transport into the ER leads to hypoglycaemia, hyperlactatemia, hyperuricemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hepato‐ and/or nephromegaly. Clinical manifestations of the disease include recurrent, severe infections and inflammatory bowel (Crohn‐like) caused by neutropenia and diminished bactericidal and fungicidal activity of neutrophils. Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) administration is currently a standard therapy to prevent adverse effects of neutropenia, but the treatment is associated with a high risk of severe side effects. On the other hand, short‐treatment with sodium‐glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitor – empagliflozin (EMPA) was reported to act directly on the mechanism of neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction in GSD 1b. We observed significant improvement in clinical and laboratory parameters after introducing EMPA to treatment, that is reduced frequency of infections, lower number of bowel movements, and improved postoperative wound healing. EMPA is effective in the treatment of neutropenia in our GSD 1b patients, which allows for dose reduction and even withdrawal of G‐CSF. We did not observe any significant side effects of EMPA treatment in our patients.
ASCA National Model implementation predicting school counselors’ job satisfaction with role stress mediating variables
Authors: Fye Heather J. , Schumacker Randall E. , Rainey John Steve , Guillot Miller Lynne 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present study surveyed a sample of school counselors (N = 220) on American School Counselor Association (ASCA) National Model implementation and role stress related to their job satisfaction. A path analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between the variables. ASCA National Model implementation predicted school counselor job satisfaction with role ambiguity and role incongruity as significant mediating variables. Role conflict was not a significant mediating variable. Implications, limitations, and future research for the school counseling profession are discussed.
Three‐dimensional reconstruction of Kambin's triangle based on automated magnetic resonance image segmentation
Authors: Su Zhihai , Liu Zheng , Wang Min , Li Shaolin , Lin Liyan , Yuan Zhen , Pang Shumao , Feng Qianjin , Chen Tao , Lu Hai 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe three‐dimensional (3D) anatomy of Kambin's triangle is crucial for surgical planning in minimally invasive spine surgery via the transforaminal approach. Few pieces of research have, however, used image segmentation to explore the 3D reconstruction of Kambin's triangle. This study aimed to develop a new method of 3D reconstruction of Kambin's triangle based on automated magnetic resonance image (MRI) segmentation of the lumbar spinal structures. An experienced (>5 years) “ground truth” spinal pain physician meticulously segmented and labeled spinal structures (e.g., bones, dura mater, discs, and nerve roots) on MRI. Subsequently, a 3D U‐Net algorithm was developed for automatically segmenting lumbar spinal structures for the 3D reconstruction of Kambin's triangle. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), precision, recall, and the area of Kambin's triangle were used to assess anatomical performance. The automatic segmentation of all spinal structures at the L4/L5 levels and L5/S1 levels resulted in good performance: DSC = 0.878/0.883, precision = 0.889/0.890, recall = 0.873/0.882. Furthermore, the area measurements of Kambin's triangle revealed no significant difference between ground truth and automatic segmentation (p = 0.333 at the L4/L5 level, p = 0.302 at the L5/S1 level). The 3D U‐Net model used in this study performed well in terms of simultaneous segmentation of multi‐class spinal structures (including bones, dura mater, discs, and nerve roots) on MRI, allowing for accurate 3D reconstruction of Kambin's triangle.
Waste‐derived fertilizers can increase phosphorus uptake by sugarcane and availability in a tropical soil#
Authors: Raniro Henrique Rasera , Soares Thaís de Marchi , Adam Christian , Pavinato Paulo Sergio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe use of highly water‐soluble phosphorus (P) fertilizers can lead to P fixation in the soil, reducing fertilization efficiency. Waste‐derived, low water‐solubility sources can potentially increase sugarcane's P uptake compared to triple superphosphate by reducing adsorption to the soil.AimsWe aimed to test struvite, hazenite, and AshDec® for their agronomic potential as recycled fertilizers for sugarcane production in a typical tropical soil. We hypothesize that these sources can reduce P fixation in the soil, increasing its availability and sugarcane's absorption.MethodsIn a greenhouse pot experiment, two consecutive sugarcane cycles, 90 days each, were conducted in a Ferralsol. The recovered sources struvite, hazenite, AshDec®, and the conventional triple superphosphate were mixed in the soil in three P doses (30, 60, and 90 mg kg–1), aside a control (nil‐P). At both harvests, sugarcane number of sprouts, plant height, stem diameter, dry mass yield, shoot phosphorus, and soil P fractionation were investigated.ResultsAt 90 days, struvite and hazenite performed better for dry mass yield (70.7 and 68.3 g pot–1, respectively) than AshDec® and triple superphosphate (59.8 and 57.4 g pot–1, respectively) and for shoot P, with 98.1, 91.6, 75.6, and 66.3 mg pot–1, respectively. At 180 days, struvite outperformed all treatments for dry mass yield (95.3 g pot–1) and AshDec® (75.5 mg pot–1) for shoot P. Struvite was 38% and hazenite 21% more efficient than triple superphosphate in P uptake, while AshDec® was 6% less efficient. Soil had higher labile P under struvite, hazenite, and AshDec® than triple superphosphate by the end of the first cycle, while only the later increased nonlabile P by the end of the experiment (180 days).ConclusionsWaste‐derived P sources were more efficient in supplying P for sugarcane and delivering labile P in 180 days than triple superphosphate.
Characterization of bitter‐tasting and antioxidant activity of dry‐hopped beers
Authors: Wang Limin , Hong Kai , Agbaka Johnpaul I , Song Yumei , Lv Chenyan , Ma Changwei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDBitter flavors and antioxidant activities are critical characteristics and indicators, respectively, of beer quality. To gain a better understanding of dry‐hopped beer's bitterness, this work comprehensively evaluated the perceived bitterness intensity and bitterness attributes from aspects of beer aroma and non‐volatile bitter compounds using sensory analysis under two conditions: (i) with and (ii) without nose clips. To quantify bitter and volatile compounds, the work conducted chromatographic analyses: high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Simultaneously, this work assessed the antioxidant activity of commercially dry‐hopped beers.RESULTSFirst, dry‐hopped beer in this study contained abundant non‐volatile bitter compounds (hop bitter acids, polyphenols and flavonoids), and aroma was validated using HPLC, UPLC‐MS and GC‐MS methods. Moreover, the bitter‐tasting perception test findings demonstrated that many dry‐hopped beers had a higher bitterness intensity when evaluated without a nose clip, whereas this phenomenon was adverse in several ale beers. Additionally, the ‘lingering’ and ‘harsh’ characteristics were diminished when beer aroma was blocked out (with nose clip) for dry‐hopped beer. Meanwhile, most dry‐hopped beers had greater antioxidant activity than ale beers (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThis work revealed the bitterness complexity of dry‐hopped beer; besides non‐volatile bitter compounds, beer aroma had an impact on the perceived bitterness intensity and attributes, and dry‐hopped beer had a relatively intense antioxidant capacity. This study facilitated the development of a detailed knowledge about the assessment of bitter‐tasting perceptions in dry‐hopped beers and provided a basis for the development of functional beer benefiting human health. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Fast location and segmentation of high‐throughput damaged soybean seeds with invertible neural networks
Authors: Huang Ziliang , Wang Rujing , Zhou Qiong , Teng Yue , Zheng Shijian , Liu Liu , Wang Liusan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFast identification of damaged soybean seeds has undeniable importance in seed sorting and food quality. Mechanical vibration is generally used in soybean seed sorting, but this can seriously damage soybean seeds. The convolutional neural network (CNN) is considered an effective method for location and segmentation tasks. However, a CNN requires a large amount of ground truth data and has high computational cost.RESULTSFirst, we propose a self‐supervision manner to automatically generate ground truths, which can theoretically create an almost unlimited number of labeled images. Second, instead of using popular CNNs, a novel invertible convolution (involution)‐enabled scheme is proposed by using the bottleneck block of the residual networks. Third, a feature selection feature pyramid network (FS‐FPN) based on involution is designed, which selects features more flexibly and adaptively. We further merge involution‐based backbones and FS‐FPN into a unified network, achieving an end‐to‐end seed location and segmentation model; the best mean average precision of location and segmentation achieved was 85.1% and 81% respectively.CONCLUSIONThe experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method greatly improves the performance of the baseline network with faster speed and fewer parameters, enabling it to detect soybean seeds more effectively. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Light‐field head‐mounted displays reduce the visual effort: A user study
Authors: Panzirsch Michael , Weber Bernhard , Bechtel Nicolai , Grabner Nicole , Lingenauber Martin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHead‐mounted displays (HMDs) allow the visualization of virtual content and the change of view perspectives in a virtual reality (VR). Besides entertainment purposes, such displays also find application in augmented reality, VR training, or tele‐robotic systems. The quality of visual feedback plays a key role for the interaction performance in such setups. In the last years, high‐end computers and displays led to the reduction of simulator sickness regarding nausea symptoms, while new visualization technologies are required to further reduce oculomotor and disorientation symptoms. The so‐called vergence–accommodation conflict (VAC) in standard stereoscopic displays prevents intense use of 3D displays, so far. The VAC describes the visual mismatch between the projected stereoscopic 3D image and the optical distance to the HMD screen. This conflict can be solved by using displays with correct focal distance. The light‐field HMD of this study provides a close‐to‐continuous depth and high image resolution enabling a highly natural visualization. This paper presents the first user‐study on the visual comfort of light‐field displays with a close‐to‐market HMD based on complex interaction tasks. The results provide first evidence that the light‐field technology brings clear benefits to the user in terms of physical use comfort, workload, and depth matching performance.
Sexual and physical revictimization in U.S. military veterans
Authors: Scoglio Arielle A. J. , Molnar Beth E. , Lincoln Alisa K. , Griffith John , Park Crystal , Kraus Shane W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present study examined revictimization, defined as sexual or physical assault in adulthood that followed a history of childhood maltreatment. We aimed to identify factors associated with revictimization over time in a group of U.S. military veterans deployed following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks (9/11). As revictimization is associated with multiple negative mental health outcomes in the literature, identifying risk and protective factors can aid in the prevention of revictimization and associated poor health outcomes among veterans. In this sample, the proportion of adult revictimization was 2.7% for men, 95% CI [2.0, 3.6] and 22.9% for women, 95% CI [20.5, 25.8]. Using multilevel logistic models, we found that women, β = 2.2, p < .001; Navy veterans, β = 1.5, p < .001; and participants who reported posttraumatic stress symptoms, β = 0.2, p = .028, were at significantly higher risk of revictimization across time compared to nonrevictimized counterparts. Social support while in the military was protective, β = −0.1, p < .001, against revictimization. In addition, childhood abuse experiences combined with characteristics such as female gender were related to an increased risk of revictimization during and following military service. The findings highlight opportunities for intervention and areas of strength within this population; social connection garnered during military service may serve as a protective factor against revictimization. Future research is needed to examine the role of social support in possibly lowering veterans’ risk of revictimization over time, particularly for post‐9/11 veterans struggling with transitioning from military to civilian life.