bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GrainGenes: a data-rich repository for small grains genetics and genomics
Authors: Yao Eric , Blake Victoria C , Cooper Laurel , Wight Charlene P , Michel Steve , Cagirici H Busra , Lazo Gerard R , Birkett Clay L , Waring David J , Jannink Jean-Luc , Holmes Ian , Waters Amanda J , Eickholt David P , Sen Taner Z 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As one of the US Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service flagship databases, GrainGenes (https://wheat.pw.usda.gov) serves the data and community needs of globally distributed small grains researchers for the genetic improvement of the Triticeae family and Avena species that include wheat, barley, rye and oat. GrainGenes accomplishes its mission by continually enriching its cross-linked data content following the findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable principles, enhancing and maintaining an intuitive web interface, creating tools to enable easy data access and establishing data connections within and between GrainGenes and other biological databases to facilitate knowledge discovery. GrainGenes operates within the biological database community, collaborates with curators and genome sequencing groups and contributes to the AgBioData Consortium and the International Wheat Initiative through the Wheat Information System (WheatIS). Interactive and linked content is paramount for successful biological databases and GrainGenes now has 2917 manually curated gene records, including 289 genes and 254 alleles from the Wheat Gene Catalogue (WGC). There are &gt;4.8 million gene models in 51 genome browser assemblies, 6273 quantitative trait loci and &gt;1.4 million genetic loci on 4756 genetic and physical maps contained within 443 mapping sets, complete with standardized metadata. Most notably, 50 new genome browsers that include outputs from the Wheat and Barley PanGenome projects have been created. We provide an example of an expression quantitative trait loci track on the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium Chinese Spring wheat browser to demonstrate how genome browser tracks can be adapted for different data types. To help users benefit more from its data, GrainGenes created four tutorials available on YouTube. GrainGenes is executing its vision of service by continuously responding to the needs of the global small grains community by creating a centralized, long-term, interconnected data repository. Database URL:https://wheat.pw.usda.gov
Outcome of near-infrared fluorescence-navigated pulmonary metastasectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhenfan , Yang Feng , Zhao Xiaoyi , Mi Jiahui , Sun Lina , Kang Nan , Jiang Guanchao , Yang Fan , Li Yun , Zhou Jian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Pulmonary metastasectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is suitable in highly selected patients. However, complete resection is challenging in HCC patients with multiple lung metastases. We aimed to describe the clinical utility and survival outcome of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence-navigated resection of HCC lung metastases.

METHODS
From October 2015 to March 2021, 15 HCC patients with pulmonary metastasis underwent near-infra-red (NIR) fluorescence imaging thoracoscopic surgery. ICG was administered through peripheral veins preoperatively. All suspected lesions detected by palpation, white-light thoracoscopy or NIR imaging were resected. After metastasectomy, all patients were followed up at regular intervals of 6–12 months.

RESULTS
A total of 90 metastatic HCC nodules were resected in 15 patients. All patients received sublobar resections, during which 89 lesions were removed by wedge resection and 1 lesion was managed via segmentectomy. Under NIR fluorescence imaging, 81 nodules successfully demonstrated fluorescence during the surgery, while 9 metastatic nodules were undetected. The median signal-to-background ratio of the nodules was 3.34. Five patients died and 7 patients relapsed by the end of observation. The median overall survival and disease-free survival were 47.1 and 17.3 months, respectively. The 1-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 71.1% and 57.8%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
ICG fluorescence imaging technology is useful for visualization of the peripheral tumours to assist in pulmonary metastasectomy for HCC. In addition, this technology has the potential to detect the small tumour that is missed in preoperative examinations, which might be beneficial for HCC patients with multiple lung metastases.
Trade credit and agricultural commodity prices: evidence from the us dairy industry
Authors: Fiechter Chad , Ifft Jennifer 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFinancing provided by suppliers or trade credit is a major source of short-term finance. Using a long-term panel data set of Northeast US dairy producers, we find a negative relationship between trade credit use and milk price. Additionally, regional dairy feed manufacturers reported that, in a period of low milk prices, past due trade credit accumulated to 10 per cent of industry sales or approximately 100 million dollars. Both estimates suggest the possibility of producer default risk spreading through the dairy industry. Trade credit is often not publicly reported, hence financial regulators and policymakers may have difficulty observing this default risk.
Updating the Study of Foreign Policy Crisis: The Case of the Mavi Marmara Flotilla
Authors: Aran Amnon , Yishayahu Gad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The study of foreign policy crises (FPC) is integral to foreign policy analysis (FPA). However, since the end of the Cold War, debate on FPC has stalled. The present article seeks to update the existing FPA literature on FPCs. It uses a deductively driven approach to identify gaps in the current FPC literature and demonstrates their relevance for a real-world case of FPC, namely, the Mavi Marmara flotilla. The latter is identified as a “least likely” case study which is representative of a broader set of what we refer to as asymmetrical FPCs. Maximizing the inferential leverage entailed by this research design, we advocate for an updated FPA approach to study asymmetrical FPCs that includes actor hybridity, performativity, and social media.
Genome sequences of Rhizopogon roseolus, Mariannaea elegans, Myrothecium verrucaria, and Sphaerostilbella broomeana and the identification of biosynthetic gene clusters for fungal peptide natural products
Authors: Vogt Eva , Field Christopher M , Sonderegger Lukas , Künzler Markus 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In recent years, a variety of fungal cyclic peptides with interesting bioactivities have been discovered. For many of these peptides, the biosynthetic pathways are unknown and their elucidation often holds surprises. The cyclic and backbone N-methylated omphalotins from Omphalotus olearius were recently shown to constitute a novel class (borosins) of ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides, members of which are produced by many fungi, including species of the genus Rhizopogon. Other recently discovered fungal peptide macrocycles include the mariannamides from Mariannaea elegans and the backbone N-methylated verrucamides and broomeanamides from Myrothecium verrucaria and Sphaerostilbella broomeana, respectively. Here, we present draft genome sequences of four fungal species Rhizopogon roseolus, Mariannaea elegans, Myrothecium verrucaria, and Sphaerostilbella broomeana. We screened these genomes for precursor proteins or gene clusters involved in the mariannamide, verrucamide, and broomeanamide biosynthesis including a general screen for borosin-producing precursor proteins. While our genomic screen for potential ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptide precursor proteins of mariannamides, verrucamides, broomeanamides, and borosins remained unsuccessful, antiSMASH predicted nonribosomal peptide synthase gene clusters that may be responsible for the biosynthesis of mariannamides, verrucamides, and broomeanamides. In M. verrucaria, our antiSMASH search led to a putative NRPS gene cluster with a predicted peptide product of 20 amino acids, including multiple nonproteinogenic isovalines. This cluster likely encodes a member of the peptaibols, an antimicrobial class of peptides previously isolated primarily from the Genus Trichoderma. The nonribosomal peptide synthase gene clusters discovered in our screenings are promising candidates for future research.
The Effect of Support From Secondary Caregiver Network on Primary Caregiver Burden: Do Men and Women, Blacks and Whites Differ?
Authors: Liang Jiaming , Aranda María P , Jang Yuri , Wilber Kathleen , Chi Iris , Wu Shinyi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Many older adults receive informal care from multiple caregivers, including support from a primary caregiver and a secondary caregiver network (SCN). This study examined the association between SCN support and primary caregiver burden, and whether the association varies across women and men, Black and White.

Methods
Data came from the 2015 National Health and Aging Trend Study and the National Study of Caregiving, including non-Hispanic White and Black men and women who were identified as primary caregivers (n = 967) and their secondary caregivers (n = 2,253). SCN support was indicated by (a) care domain overlap and (b) proportion of caregiving by SCN. Multiple regression models were estimated for the analyses.

Results
Both SCN support variables were found to reduce primary caregiver burden, and the effect of proportion of caregiving by SCN was found to vary by gender–race groups. With the increase of the proportion of caregiving by SCN, both Black and White women caregivers tend to experience faster decrease in caregiver burden than Black men.

Discussion
Our findings support the role of SCN in reducing primary caregiver burden and demonstrate that the benefit of SCN support varies across the 4 gender–race groups. The results indicate that it is imperative to further examine caregiving experience and protective mechanisms of SCN support using an intersectional perspective.
Advocacy organizations and nutrition policy in Nigeria: identifying metrics for enhanced efficacy
Authors: Resnick Danielle , Anigo Kola , Anjorin Olufolakemi Mercy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Advocacy organizations have played a significant role in the field of nutrition in recent years. However, why are some advocates viewed as more effective than others? This paper derives metrics for assessing advocacy efficacy by first drawing on key insights from the nutrition and public policy scholarship. A set of metrics is proposed to capture the constitutive elements of three concepts that often emerge as critical from that literature: organizational capacity, strong networks and external outreach. Based on a survey of 66 nutrition stakeholders in Nigeria, including at the federal level and within the states of Kaduna and Kano, the metrics are then applied to a set of advocacy organizations within the country. We show that the metrics can provide insights into why some advocacy organizations are perceived as more effective than others by policymakers. Specifically, we find that geographical reach, the share of budget allocated to advocacy, action plans with clear objectives, large networks that include government and non-governmental policy champions, multiple media and dissemination outputs and numerous training events collectively increase nutrition advocates’ visibility to, and influence on, policymakers. Although the metrics are subject to further testing in other country settings and need to be interpreted based on a country’s underlying policy system, they offer a useful starting point for more systematic, comparative advocacy analysis and learning within the nutrition field and beyond.
Time-varying association between fetal death and gestational exposure to ambient fine particles: a nationwide epidemiological study of 49 million fetuses in the contiguous US from 1989 to 2004
Authors: Tong Mingkun , Li Pengfei , Wang Meng , Sun Yilun , Han Yiqun , Liu Hengyi , Li Jiajianghui , Li Jiwei , Wu Fei , Guan Tianjia , Xue Tao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Gestational exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of fetal death in recent studies, but earlier studies in the past century have usually reported a non-significant association. As such, it remains unknown whether this adverse effect of PM2.5 exposure varies with time.

Methods
Nearly 49.2 million eligible birth and fetal death records from 1989 to 2004 were selected from the United States (US) birth and fetal death certificate datasets. For each record, the level of prenatal exposure to PM2.5 was taken as the average concentration in the mother’s residential county during the entire gestational period, according to well-established estimates of monthly levels across the contiguous US. We first stratified the dataset by the month of the last menstrual period (LMP) and then independently evaluated the nationwide association between PM2.5 exposure and fetal death within each stratum using five typical logit models: unadjusted, covariate-adjusted, propensity-score, double robust, and diagnostic-score models. Finally, we conducted a meta-analysis to pool estimated LMP-specific associations and explored how the overall association varied by LMP month.

Results
Different models showed temporal heterogeneity in the estimated association between PM2.5 exposure and fetal death. According to the meta-analysis, double robust model estimates were more homogeneous than the rest, and thus the model outcome was recognized as the main result. For each 1-µg/m3 increase in prenatal exposure to PM2.5, the pooled odds ratio (OR) of fetal death was estimated to be 1.08 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05, 1.10]. The LMP-specific ORs exhibited a slightly increasing trend and a significant seasonal pattern. Compared with the pooled OR among samples with the LMP in spring, the estimates for summer, fall and winter were higher by 11.1% (95% CI: 6.2%, 16.3%), 27.8% (95% CI: 22.1%, 33.8%) and 28.8% (95% CI: 23.7%, 34.1%), respectively. We also found that temporal patterns in the association between PM2.5 exposure and fetal death could be explained by several population-level indicators or modifiers (i.e. ethnicity, maternal age, gestational weight gain, previous pregnancy of abnormal termination and diabetes).

Conclusions
Prenatal exposure to PM2.5 can increase the risk of fetal death. The effects of PM2.5 exposure may be modified by complex factors, which leads to a time-varying association.
Is the Public Backlash against Globalization a Backlash against Legalization and Judicialization?
Authors: Voeten Erik 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMany of the most visible examples of the backlash against multilateralism, globalization, and democracy do not target free trade, investment, or elections directly, but the judicial institutions that were created to protect the rights of traders, investors, and citizens. Is the backlash against globalization and democracy really a backlash against the growing ideological convergence on rule of law principles as appropriate standards for both international and domestic governance? This essay suggests that this might be so by highlighting that the rule of law does not just constrain the powerful, but also majoritarian politics. A new domestic ideological cleavage permeates many liberal democracies that is in part about liberal conceptions of justice. An illustrative empirical analysis shows that illiberal views about justice are negatively and significantly correlated with trust in European institutions.
Beyond return and resettlement: The impact of exposure and interactions on the post-conflict development of North Waziristan
Authors: Bakare Najimdeen , Khan Faryal , Akash Syed Ali 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article shares empirical data about the returned and resettled natives and communities of North Waziristan Tribal District in Pakistan, which are undergoing the processes of post-conflict reconstruction and development. In order to present an analysis of the impact of prolonged conflict-induced displacement on the spatially excluded (or bounded) communities of North Waziristan, an inductive approach utilising qualitative methods and semi-structured interviews has been adopted to establish detailed accounts of the ‘networks of interactions’ and ‘displacement-induced exposure’. The findings further suggest that these interactions and networks are transcending and redefining the margins (viz. material space), and the social space of North Waziristan since the natives have expressed growing inclinations towards movement in mainstream Pakistan. The aforementioned arguments establish new perspectives—admittedly controversial—where prolonged conflict-induced displacement has attributed to unintended ‘development’ for spatially excluded communities. Essentially, this article argues that the subject of displacement and post-conflict societies deserves further scrutiny beyond resettlement and return.
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Acceptance Disparity Among Israeli Defense Forces Personnel
Authors: Shapiro Galina , Bez Maxim , Talmy Tomer , Shakargy Josef Daniel , Furer Ariel , Karp Erez , Segal David 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Promoting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine acceptance and uptake became necessary to achieve a high vaccination rate and subsequently herd immunity. Although the Israeli population has been largely acceptant of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, vaccine hesitancy has remained a major concern, especially in younger adults. We hypothesized that young adults who refused SARS-CoV-2 vaccination differed from those who have been adherent and could be characterized. Studying this specific population and recognizing individuals within this group who might be more probable to refuse vaccination can enable to target measures to further promote vaccination acceptance.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional comparison in a study population comprised of 17,435 Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) personnel who were SARS-CoV-2 vaccine eligible. This group included 14,834 vaccinated and 2,601 nonvaccinated individuals. Patient characteristics including occupational parameters, demographic features, psychotechnical grading (an intelligence assessment score), education level, and medical background were collected.

Results
The median age was 20.57 years and almost 80% were males. At the time of data collection, most individuals (85.1%, n = 14,834) have been vaccinated. Officers and noncommissioned officers were more likely to be vaccinated compared with regular soldiers (96%, and 90.2% vs. 83.3% respectively, P &lt; .001), as well as combat battalions stationed personnel compared to their peers in rear and administrative units (89.4% vs. 78.4%, P &lt; .001). Socioeconomic clusters were also associated with vaccination adherence, with 92.9% vs. 79.5% vaccination rates in the highest and lowest clusters, respectively (P &lt; .001). Younger age, no previous immigration status, higher education level, and higher psychotechnical grades were also found associated with an increased likelihood of being vaccinated (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
In a large cohort of enlisted IDF personnel, disparity in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine adherence was found to be related to multiple socioeconomic, educational, and military service-related variables. Although some differences were substantial, others were small and of questionable public health significance. Acknowledging these differences may enable community leaders, health care providers, and administrators to target specific populations in order to further promote SARS-CoV-2 vaccination acceptance.
Determination of optical markers of cyanobacterial physiology from fluorescence kinetics
Authors: Courtecuisse Emilie , Oxborough Kevin , Tilstone Gavin H , Spyrakos Evangelos , Hunter Peter D , Simis Stefan G H 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Compared to other methods to monitor and detect cyanobacteria in phytoplankton populations, fluorometry gives rapid, robust and reproducible results and can be used in situ. Fluorometers capable of providing biomass estimates and physiological information are not commonly optimized to target cyanobacteria. This study provides a detailed overview of the fluorescence kinetics of algal and cyanobacterial cultures to determine optimal optical configurations to target fluorescence mechanisms that are either common to all phytoplankton or diagnostic to cyanobacteria. We confirm that fluorescence excitation channels targeting both phycocyanin and chlorophyll a associated to the Photosystem II are required to induce the fluorescence responses of cyanobacteria. In addition, emission channels centered at 660, 685 and 730 nm allow better differentiation of the fluorescence response between algal and cyanobacterial cultures. Blue-green actinic light does not yield a robust fluorescence response in the cyanobacterial cultures and broadband actinic light should be preferred to assess the relation between ambient light and photosynthesis. Significant variability was observed in the fluorescence response from cyanobacteria to the intensity and duration of actinic light exposure, which needs to be taken into consideration in field measurements.
Arabidopsis RNA processing body components LSM1 and DCP5 aid in the evasion of translational repression during Cauliflower mosaic virus infection
Authors: Hoffmann Gesa , Mahboubi Amir , Bente Heinrich , Garcia Damien , Hanson Johannes , Hafrén Anders 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Viral infections impose extraordinary RNA stress, triggering cellular RNA surveillance pathways such as RNA decapping, nonsense-mediated decay, and RNA silencing. Viruses need to maneuver among these pathways to establish infection and succeed in producing high amounts of viral proteins. Processing bodies (PBs) are integral to RNA triage in eukaryotic cells, with several distinct RNA quality control pathways converging for selective RNA regulation. In this study, we investigated the role of Arabidopsis thaliana PBs during Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) infection. We found that several PB components are co-opted into viral factories that support virus multiplication. This pro-viral role was not associated with RNA decay pathways but instead, we established that PB components are helpers in viral RNA translation. While CaMV is normally resilient to RNA silencing, dysfunctions in PB components expose the virus to this pathway, which is similar to previous observations for transgenes. Transgenes, however, undergo RNA quality control-dependent RNA degradation and transcriptional silencing, whereas CaMV RNA remains stable but becomes translationally repressed through decreased ribosome association, revealing a unique dependence among PBs, RNA silencing, and translational repression. Together, our study shows that PB components are co-opted by the virus to maintain efficient translation, a mechanism not associated with canonical PB functions.