bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stereo Plume Height and Motion Retrievals for the Record‐Setting Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Eruption of 15 January 2022
Authors: Carr James L. , Horváth Ákos , Wu Dong L. , Friberg Mariel D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStereo methods using GOES‐17 and Himawari‐8 applied to the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai volcanic plume on 15 January 2022 show overshooting tops reaching 50–55 km altitude, a record in the satellite era. Plume height is important to understand dispersal and transport in the stratosphere and climate impacts. Stereo methods, using geostationary satellite pairs, offer the ability to accurately capture the evolution of plume top morphology quasi‐continuously over long periods. Manual photogrammetry estimates plume height during the most dynamic early phase of the eruption and a fully automated algorithm retrieves both plume height and advection every 10 min during a more frequently sampled and stable phase beginning 3 hr after the eruption. Stereo heights are confirmed with Global Navigation Satellite System Radio Occultation bending angles, showing that much of the plume was lofted 30–40 km into the atmosphere. Cold bubbles are observed in the stratosphere with brightness temperature of ∼173 K.
The Molecular Oxygen Density Structure of the Lower Thermosphere as Seen by GOLD and Models
Authors: Greer K. R. , Laskar F. , Eastes R. W. , Lumpe J. , Liu H.‐L. , Pedatella N. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOxygen chemistry plays a central role in the production of plasma in the ionosphere. While molecular oxygen (O2) is the third most abundant constituent in the thermosphere, molecular and atomic oxygen densities are difficult to quantify accurately. Consequently, modeled densities have significant uncertainties. New stellar occultation measurements from the Global‐scale Observations of Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission provide data that can quantify, with high precision, the O2 density and its daily and local time variations. These observations are compared to the Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter radar family of empirical models and the physics based Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere‐ionosphere eXtension. While GOLD observations show a strong diurnal structure with local time, the models display a semidiurnal structure in O2. The local time structure of O2 is critical for accurately modeling plasma densities in the ionosphere.
Timing Earth's Abiotic Kitchen: Short Hydrothermal Fluid Residence Times in Serpentinizing Oceanic Crust
Authors: Reeves Eoghan P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rock (serpentinization) creates extremely reducing (H2‐rich) fluids in the oceanic crust, resulting in strong thermodynamic drives to reduce CO2 to organic molecules in the absence of life. Timescales on which such hydrothermal fluids circulate (thus produce or destroy such organic molecules) have remained enigmatic. In their new publication, Moore et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017886) present compelling radioisotope‐based estimates of fluid residence times in a widely known site of purported abiotic synthesis—The Lost City Hydrothermal Field. Using a model that accounts for the sorptive behavior of Ra radionuclides during circulation, they find that fluids at Lost City must have remarkably short residence times, averaging 0.5–2 years or less. The study represents a critical step forward in our understanding of Earth's abiotic organic “kitchen”, as it now places a constraint on the timeframe in which organic molecule creation should occur in such fluids (if at all) prior to venting at the seafloor.
Thank You to Our 2021 Reviewers, and a New Co‐Reviewing Protocol
Authors: East Amy E. , Attal Mikael , Hoitink A. J. F. (Ton) , Sergienko Olga V. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Editors of the Journal of Geophysical Research—Earth Surface express their appreciation to those who served as peer reviewers for the journal in 2021, and explain the newly formalized opportunity for early‐career scientists to co‐review manuscripts.
Loss of E-cadherin leads to Id2-dependent inhibition of cell cycle progression in metastatic lobular breast cancer
Authors: Rätze Max A. K. , Koorman Thijs , Sijnesael Thijmen , Bassey-Archibong Blessing , van de Ven Robert , Enserink Lotte , Visser Daan , Jaksani Sridevi , Viciano Ignacio , Bakker Elvira R. M. , Richard François , Tutt Andrew , O’Leary Lynda , Fitzpatrick Amanda , Roca-Cusachs Pere , van Diest Paul J. , Desmedt Christine , Daniel Juliet M. , Isacke Clare M. , Derksen Patrick W. B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInvasive lobular breast carcinoma (ILC) is characterized by proliferative indolence and long-term latency relapses. This study aimed to identify how disseminating ILC cells control the balance between quiescence and cell cycle re-entry. In the absence of anchorage, ILC cells undergo a sustained cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 while maintaining viability. From the genes that are upregulated in anchorage independent ILC cells, we selected Inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2), a mediator of cell cycle progression. Using loss-of-function experiments, we demonstrate that Id2 is essential for anchorage independent survival (anoikis resistance) in vitro and lung colonization in mice. Importantly, we find that under anchorage independent conditions, E-cadherin loss promotes expression of Id2 in multiple mouse and (organotypic) human models of ILC, an event that is caused by a direct p120-catenin/Kaiso-dependent transcriptional de-repression of the canonical Kaiso binding sequence TCCTGCNA. Conversely, stable inducible restoration of E-cadherin expression in the ILC cell line SUM44PE inhibits Id2 expression and anoikis resistance. We show evidence that Id2 accumulates in the cytosol, where it induces a sustained and CDK4/6-dependent G0/G1 cell cycle arrest through interaction with hypo-phosphorylated Rb. Finally, we find that Id2 is indeed enriched in ILC when compared to other breast cancers, and confirm cytosolic Id2 protein expression in primary ILC samples. In sum, we have linked mutational inactivation of E-cadherin to direct inhibition of cell cycle progression. Our work indicates that loss of E-cadherin and subsequent expression of Id2 drive indolence and dissemination of ILC. As such, E-cadherin and Id2 are promising candidates to stratify low and intermediate grade invasive breast cancers for the use of clinical cell cycle intervention drugs.
Pairwise quantum criteria and teleportation in a spin square complex
Authors: Benabdallah Fadwa , Haddadi Saeed , Arian Zad Hamid , Pourkarimi Mohammad Reza , Daoud Mohammed , Ananikian Nerses 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThermal non-classical correlations quantified by concurrence entanglement, local quantum uncertainty, and quantum coherence in a four-qubit square chain are exactly examined. The influences of the Hamiltonian parameters on the mentioned pairwise quantum criteria and fidelity of teleportation are studied, and the most interesting findings are discussed in detail. It is found that the tuning anisotropy results in enhancing the thermal quantum correlations and coherence as well as average fidelity until achieving maximum values. We persuasively deduce that quantum coherence is a more efficient criterion than that of concurrence and local quantum uncertainty to detect the quantumness of a thermal state.
Molar loss induces hypothalamic and hippocampal astrogliosis in aged mice
Authors: Furukawa Masae , Tada Hirobumi , Wang Jingshu , Yamada Mitsuyoshi , Kurosawa Mie , Satoh Akiko , Ogiso Noboru , Shikama Yosuke , Matsushita Kenji 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAge-related tooth loss impedes mastication. Epidemiological and physiological studies have reported that poor oral hygiene and occlusion are associated with cognitive decline. In the present study, we analyzed the mechanism by which decreased occlusal support following bilateral extraction of the maxillary first molars affects cognitive functions in young and aged mice and examined the expression of brain-function-related genes in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. We observed decreased working memory, enhanced restlessness, and increased nocturnal activity in aged mice with molar extraction compared with that in mice with intact molars. Furthermore, in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of molar-extracted aged mice, the transcript-level expression of Bdnf, Rbfox3, and Fos decreased, while that of Cdkn2a and Aif1 increased. Thus, decreased occlusal support after maxillary first molar extraction may affect cognitive function and activity in mice by influencing aging, neural activity, and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and hypothalamus.
Degree-scale galactic radio emission at 122 MHz around the North Celestial Pole with LOFAR-AARTFAAC
Authors: Gehlot B. K. , Koopmans L. V. E. , Offringa A. R. , Gan H. , Ghara R. , Giri S. K. , Kuiack M. , Mertens F. G. , Mevius M. , Mondal R. , Pandey V. N. , Shulevski A. , Wijers R. A. M. J. , Yatawatta S. 
Published: April 2022

Aims.Contamination from bright diffuse Galactic thermal and non-thermal radio emission poses crucial challenges in experiments aiming to measure the 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the cosmic dawn (CD) and Epoch of Reionisation (EoR). If not included in calibration, this diffuse emission can severely impact the analysis and signal extraction in 21-cm experiments. We examine large-scale diffuse Galactic emission at 122 MHz around the North Celestial Pole, using the Amsterdam-ASTRON Radio Transient Facility and Analysis Centre (AARTFAAC-) High Band Antenna (HBA) system.Methods.In this pilot project, we present the first-ever wide-field image produced with a single sub-band of the data recorded with the AARTFAAC-HBA system. We demonstrate two methods, multi-scale CLEAN and shapelet decomposition, to model the diffuse emission revealed in the image. We used angular power spectrum metrics to quantify different components of the emission and compared the performance of the two diffuse structure modelling approaches.Results.We observed that the point sources dominate the angular power spectrum (ℓ(ℓ + 1)Cℓ/2π≡Δ2(ℓ)) of the emission in the field on scales of ℓ ≳ 60 (≲3 degree). The angular power spectrum after subtraction of compact sources is flat within the 20 ≲ ℓ ≲ 200 range, suggesting that the residual power is dominated by the diffuse emission on scales of ℓ ≲ 200. The residual diffuse emission has a brightness temperature variance of Δℓ=1802 = (145.64 ± 13.61) K2at 122 MHz on angular scales of 1 degree, and it is consistent with a power law followingCℓ ∝ ℓ−2.0in the 20 ≲ ℓ ≲ 200 range. We also find that, in the current set-up, multi-scale CLEAN is suitable to model the compact and diffuse structures on a wide range of angular scales, whereas the shapelet decomposition method better models the large scales, which are of the order of a few degrees and wider.
Relationship between Decrease in Urine Output following Treatment with Prostaglandin Inhibitors and PDA Closure
Authors: Goel Malika , Dutta Sourabh , Saini Shiv Sajan , Sundaram Venkataseshan 
Published: April 2022

Objective Prostaglandin inhibitors are used for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and they often transiently decrease the urine output (UO) due to prostaglandin inhibition in the renal vasculature. We hypothesized that preterm infants whose renal vasculature shows greater sensitivity to prostaglandin inhibitors are likely to have ductal tissue with greater sensitivity to the same. Our objective was to determine whether the decrease in UO following treatment of PDA with a prostaglandin inhibitor is associated with a higher probability of PDA closure.
Study Design In a prospective, proof-of-concept, cohort study, we enrolled 40 preterm neonates with hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA), being treated with a prostaglandin inhibitor. The key predictor, UO, was measured at baseline and daily until 72 hours. We repeated echocardiography daily until PDA closure or the end of treatment. The key outcome was PDA closure. We compared “PDA-closed” (n = 28) and “PDA-open” (n = 12) groups for change in UO from baseline.
Results The median (Q1, Q3) percent decrease in UO (figures rounded off to integers) was greater in the “PDA-closed” versus “PDA-open” group: from baseline to 0 to 24 hours [−45% (−55%, +0.04%) vs. −15% (−28%, +49%)]; baseline to 24 to 48 hours [−41% (−53%, +14%) vs. −3% (−25%, +62%), p = 0.03] and baseline to 48 to 72 hours [−33% (−49%, +32%) vs. +21% (−7%, +98%), p = 0.02]. Decrease in UO preceded PDA closure. The “PDA-closed” group had significantly greater weight loss, despite a greater decrease in UO. A decrease in UO of 27 and 17% by 24 to 48 hours and 48 to 72 hours, respectively, best predicted PDA closure.
Conclusion A decrease in UO after treating hsPDA with a prostaglandin inhibitor is associated with successful closure of PDA.
Key Points
A Practical and Scalable Preparation of Lusianthridin
Authors: Liao Qi , Shi Da-Yu , Wang Zhengtao , Wang Yu-Hui , Xu Hao , Zhang Gui-Shan , Huang Cheng , Tian Ping , Lin Guo-Qiang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe efficient preparation of the stilbenoid lusianthridin is described. This synthesis relies on a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling and an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution as key reactions to construct the 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene core. The synthesis is completed in seven steps with a 13.2% overall yield, and each step can be conducted on a >20 gram scale. The route has provided 20 grams of lusianthridin for further biological activity studies.
Mechanical Prosthetic Valve Thrombus in a Term Pregnant Woman Presenting as Acute Heart Failure: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Gethu Kumari , Jha Nivetida , Rengaraj Sasirekha , Pampapati Veena , Munuswamy Hemachandren , Pillai Ajith Ananthakrishnan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease in pregnancy contributes to a significant proportion of death worldwide. Though pregnancy-associated myocardial infarction and aortic dissection are the common causes of adverse cardiac events in developed countries, rheumatic heart diseases continue to be the important reason for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The risk of adverse cardiac outcome is dependent on the type and severity of valvular abnormality, functional status, left ventricular function, and pulmonary arterial pressure. Managing a pregnant woman with a mechanical heart valve prosthesis is challenging because of the difficulty in achieving optimal anticoagulation in the presence of hypercoagulability. Mitral valve thrombus is a life-threatening event and women can present with acute heart failure or thromboembolic events. We report successful management of a 26-year-old primigravida with rheumatic heart disease diagnosed to have huge thrombus on mechanical prosthetic mitral valve presented with acute heart failure at 36 weeks. She received multidisciplinary care and underwent concurrent cesarean section followed by thrombectomy under cardiopulmonary bypass. She had a good recovery following surgery and the complexity surrounds the management merit the presentation with a review of management strategies for a women with mechanical prosthetic heart valve in pregnancy.
Hyper-Progressive Disease (HPD) during Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) Therapy
Authors: Jain Arpit , Koyyala Venkata Pradeep Babu , Narayan Satya , Soni Satyajeet , Redhu Pallavi , Jaju Akanksha 
Published: April 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) restores an efficient antitumor T cell response against tumor cells fostering durable responses that can persist even after the treatment. However, these treatment effects can manifest as an unusual pattern of disease progression, pseudo-progression, or hyper-progression. Differentiating hyper progressive disease (HPD) from pseudo-progression has significant clinical implications and further decision-making for the patient on ICI. HPD is a dramatic acceleration of the rate of tumor progression with the advent of immunotherapeutic agents causing detrimental effects on the disease outcome.
The impact of electroweak correction on the self-annihilation of lightest Kaluza-Klein particle in constraining the allowed mass using diffuse radio emission as upper limit
Authors: Mat Sabri Mohamad Ridhauddin , Zainal Abidin Zamri bin , Hwang Chorng-Yuan , Kiew Ching Yee , Subramaniam Sasidaran , Lee Danial Ahmad Ariffin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We propose the lightest Kaluza-Klein particle (LKP) γ1 as a cold dark matter (CDM) particle under the WIMP theory by employing the indirect detection of electron-positron (e−e+). We showed that the e−e+ interacts with the magnetic field of the galaxy clusters producing synchrotron emission. By setting the radio emission of galaxy clusters as the upper limit, we studied how many masses of LKP (MLKP ) γ1 will not go beyond the upper limit when they undergo self-annihilation to the standard model (SM). We considered the electroweak (EW) correction in the self-annihilation process and compared it to without the EW correction. We investigated two extreme channels (b¯b and µ+µ−) and introduced our framework into the sample of galaxy cluster environments (A119, A2199, A2142, A2744, A478, A2029) to obtain better constraints on the allowed masses for LKP γ1. In doing this, we obtained the allowed mass range for LKP γ1 in A2199 of 0.1-1.5 TeV without EW correction and 0.2-1.5 TeV with EW correction for the µ+µ− channel. Notably, we showed EW correction excluding <80% (for bb̄ channel) and <25% (for μ+μ− channels) of parameter combinations for all of the clusters except A2029, which are none excluded without EW correction.”
Effluent Quality Assessment Monitoring of Al-Rustamiya Sewage Treatment Plant Using Geographical Information System (GIS)
Authors: Mohammed Rusol , Huseen Basim , Hashim Athraa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWater quality assessment offers a scientific basis for water resource development and management. This research aims to assessment of Al-Rustamiya sewage treatment plant depending on annually changes and produces maps that declare changes on parameter during a period (2015-2018). Based on prior Government Department Baghdad Environment data which annually feature changes for samples from Northern Rustamiya have been estimated as a working model. Drawn a map of the Diyala River shows annual changes in the characteristics of the Diyala River, based on northern and southern Rustamiya effluent samples, and Diyala River samples. The characteristics that research focused on were biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspension solids (TSS), chloride, cl, hydrogen ion concentration, pH, sulfate, SO4-2, nitrate, NO3-and phosphate, PO4-3during the period of (2015-2018). The results demonstrate that yearly variations in wastewater treatment characteristics occasionally violate Iraq's regulatory requirements. It was identified that the NO3-inadequate Iraqi standard for four years of study and SO4-2were inadequate for the first three years of the study period, TSS for two years outside the specification and cl and pH were compatible with period study. The river maps were separated into three groups where NO3-pollution from Northern Rustamiya with value 11.99 mg/L and TSS, Cl, SO4-2and PO4-3concentrated in centre of Northern and southern Rustamiya with values 96.99, 305,869.99, and 3.099 mg/L. The southern Northern Rustamiya area concentrates of BOD and pH with values 73.2 mg/L and 7.79. Effluents assessment of statically analysis and GIS for two Rustamiya stations provides a clear and integrated view of the output and impact on the Diyala river for Northern and Southern Rustamiya stations.
Functional characterization of correct and incorrect feature integration
Authors: Rodríguez-San Esteban Pablo , Chica Ana B , Paz-Alonso Pedro M 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOur sensory system constantly receives information from the environment and our own body. Despite our impression to the contrary, we remain largely unaware of this information and often cannot report it correctly. Although perceptual processing does not require conscious effort on the part of the observer, it is often complex, giving rise to errors such as incorrect integration of features (illusory conjunctions). In the present study, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to study the neural bases of feature integration in a dual task that produced ~30% illusions. A distributed set of regions demonstrated increased activity for correct compared to incorrect (illusory) feature integration, with increased functional coupling between occipital and parietal regions. In contrast, incorrect feature integration (illusions) was associated with increased occipital (V1–V2) responses at early stages, reduced functional connectivity between right occipital regions and the frontal eye field at later stages, and an overall decrease in coactivation between occipital and parietal regions. These results underscore the role of parietal regions in feature integration and highlight the relevance of functional occipito-frontal interactions in perceptual processing.
Observations and Perspectives on Adaptive Immunity to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Authors: Dan Jennifer , da Silva Antunes Ricardo , Grifoni Alba , Weiskopf Daniela , Crotty Shane , Sette Alessandro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic began 2 years ago, the scientific community has swiftly worked to understand the transmission, pathogenesis, and immune response of this virus to implement public health policies and ultimately project an end to the pandemic. In this perspective, we present our work identifying SARS-CoV-2 epitopes to quantify T-cell responses and review how T cells may help protect against severe disease. We examine our prior studies which demonstrate durable humoral and cell-mediated memory in natural infection and vaccination. We discuss how SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells from either natural infection or vaccination can recognize emerging variants of concern, suggesting that the currently approved vaccines may be sufficient. We also discuss how pre-existing cross-reactive T cells promote rapid development of immune memory to SARS-CoV-2. We finally posit how identifying SARS-CoV-2 epitopes can help us develop a pan-coronavirus vaccine to prepare for future pandemics.