bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Insecticides for Control of Insect Pests of Snap Beans, 1981
Authors: Waddill Van 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Plots were seeded May 6 in Rockdale soil. Each plot was a single row 15 ft long planted on 3 ft centers. There were 3 replications per treatment planted in a randomized complete block design. Applications were made Jun 5, 12, 19, and 25. They were applied with a CO2 powered, 2.5 gal hand-held sprayer with 40 psi at a rate of 100 gal of water per acre. On Jun 26 and Jul 2, the number of leafhoppers and vegetable leafminers mines were counted on 10 randomly selected leaves per plot. The leafhopper counts were higher than usual, whereas the leafminer population was lower than normal.
Control of lepidopterous Larvae on Cabbage, Sandusky Co., OH, 1981
Authors: Morisak D. J. , Lindquist R. K. , Johnson R. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cabbage was direct seeded on Jul 1, at the O.A.R.D.C. Vegetable Crops Branch in Fremont, OH. Rows were on 0.76 m centers and plants were later thinned to a 0.3 m in-row spacing. Treatment plots consisted of single 9.1 m rows, separated on either side from adjoining treatments by untreated border rows, and were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 rept i cat ions. Alleyways 6.1 m wide separated replications. Larval counts from 5 plants/replication/treatment were made weekly from Jul 29 to Oct 7. Insecticides were applied whenever a threshold of 0.5 total larvae/plant was met or exceeded, using a 9.5 liter CO2 pressurized hand sprayer delivering 468 liter/ha at 2.8 kg/cm2 through a single D2-25 cone nozzle. All materials were applied as foliar sprays in 3.8 liter of water to which was added X-77 spreader at a rate of 15.6 ml/50 liter. On Oct 13, plots were evaluated for larval feeding damage by rating 10 plants/plot using a 1-6 rating scale. Cabbage was harvested on Oct 14 and yields recorded from 4.6 m of each treatment row.
Cabbage Looper Control, 1981
Authors: Story R. N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Seedling cabbage was transplanted into 48 inch rows on Sep 4 at the Hill Farm, Baton Rouge, LA. Single row plots 20 ft in length were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Insecticides were applied with a hand-held CO2 pressurized sprayer delivering 100 gal/acre at 40 psi through a single spray nozzle containing a D-3 disc, No. 25 core, and 16 mesh strainer. Spray treatments were applied on Sep 18, 28, Oct 5 and 15. A spreader sticker was added to all treatments. Evaluations were made on Oct 30 before heads fully developed by counting the number of leaves per plant with 1 or more holes greater than or equal to 2 cm2 in area. The foliage injury rating was calculated as the mean number of leaves per plant with holes present.
Apple, LC50 Values for Methomyl (Lannate 1.8 L) on Eggs of Pest and Beneficial Insects and Mites, 1981
Authors: David P. J. , Horsburgh R. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Egg masses laid by summer generation Piatynota spp. females were collected on Aug 18 from Red Delicious trees in a commercial apple orchard in Nelson Co., VA and brought back to the laboratory for study. Treatment rates ranged from 0.47 litre (16 oz) to 0.06 litre (2 oz) of Lannate 1.8 L/378.5 litres (100 gal) plus a water control. The leaf clusters bearing Piatynota spp. egg masses were dipped in the respective treatment solutions and were maintained in 50-dram clear plastic vials until egg hatch. One egg mass was used per vial and four, one-vial replicates were used per treatment. Data were recorded as percent hatch. Apple leaves bearing eggs of P. ulmi were collected from a research orchard in Winchester, VA on Aug 4 and were transported to the laboratory. Irregular-sized Teaf sections containing mite eggs were cut out with scissors and affixed to double-coated Scotch tape on a microscope slide. Ten eggs were used per slide and three replicates were used per treatment. Prepared slides were dipped in methomyl treatments which ranged from a rate of 0.95 litres (32 oz) to 8.52 litres (288 oz) of Lannate 1.8 L/378.5 litres (100 gal) water plus a water control. When eclosion ceased, data were recorded as percent hatch. Adult L. pomonella, reared from field collected larvae-infested apples, oviposited on waxed paper in the laboratory. Sections (7 mm diameter) of the paper with egg(s) in situ were removed with a paper punch and stuck on double-stick Scotch tape on a microscope slide. Ten eggs were affixed to each slide and three slides were used per treatment.
Lepidopterous Larval Control on Celery, 1980
Authors: Steenwyk R. A. Van , Hayashi J. T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An experimental planting (Tall Utah 5270-R) was transplanted on Aug 13 at the University of California South Coast Field Station. Insecticidal treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized block design. The replicates were 3 rows wide (40 inch centers) by 25 ft long with a 5-ft buffer between replicates. Ten plants per replicate were inspected weekly from Sept 10 to Nov 20. Insecticides were applied when 1 or more larvae/40 plants were found. Insecticides were applied with an Arimitsu handsprayer with 4 nozzles/row at an opening pressure of 50 psi and delivery rate of 100 gal/acre. The nozzles were hollow cone, D3 orifice, 33 core, and 50-mesh screen. All treatments included 0.04% spreader/sticker (Biofilm). The treatments were harvested on Nov 25 and all plants from the center row were inspected for lepidopterous larval damage. The data were analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test at the 5% level of probability. Arcsin transformation was used for % celery damage.
Pesticidal Effects on Leafminers and Parasites in Celery, 1981
Authors: Trumble J. T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tall Utah 5270-R celery was transplanted on Aug 4 at the University of California South coast Field Station in Santa Ana, CA. The crop was sprink Ie-irrigated for 2 weeks and furrow irrigated thereafter. Experimental plots were 3 beds wide (40-inch centers) by 50 ft long with 1 untreated buffer row between plots. Each bed contained 2 rows of plants 6-8 inches apart. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Insecticides were applied weekly with a tractor-mounted boom sprayer from aug 20 through Nov 11. As plant height increased, nozzles varied from 1-3 per row and carrier (H-0) increased from 50-100 gal/acre. Hollow cone nozzles incorporated D3 orifice disks, #25 cores and 50-mesh screens. All treatments except Kryocide included 0.04$ spreader-sticker (Leaf Act 40). Pupal trays were inserted between rows of plants on the center bed of each replicate from Oct 7 through Nov 11. Leafminer parasites and the larvae, puparia and pupae of Liriomyza spp. were collected weekly from 4, 8X4 inch pupal trays per replicate.
Control of Caterpillars in Peas, 1981
Authors: Cranshaw Whitney S. , Radcliffe Edward B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Green Giant 510’ peas were planted May 27 at the Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station, Dakota co., MN. Plots were 27 ft x 36 ft arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications, spray applications were made at 25 psi. Plots were sampled Jul 28 by having 3 people search each plot for 4 minutes.
Insect Control on Bell Peppers, 1981
Authors: Poekert Joseph E. , Burbutis Paul P. , Goldstein Lisa F. , McDaniel John S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Spray materials were applied using a 2 gal, CO2 pressurized, stainless steel sprayer at 38 psi in 1 gal water (= 40 gal/acre), to both sides of the rows. Treatments were replicated 4 times, in 1-row, 40 ft long plots in a complete randomized block design. Each plot consisted of 20 plants, 2 ft apart within the row, with a 6 ft space between plots and replicates. Plants were set out the last week of May on the University Farm, Newark, DE. Insecticides were applied on a weekly schedule starting Jul 9 and ending Sep 4. One ECB (European c6rn borer) egg mass, in the black-head stage, was attached to every other plant (odd-numbered) on Jul 7 and Aug 11 and on every other plant (even-numbered) on Jul 15 and Aug 18. For GPA (Green peach aphid) population counts, leaves were sampled, 20/plot, on Jul 29, Aug 5, 19 and Sep 2. Peppers, (all the commercial size (greater than 2.5 inches), mixed red and green fruit) were harvested on Sep 10. ECB infestations and the total number and weight of fruit per plot were recorded. Data were subjected to analysis of variance.
Irish Potato, Wireworm Control, Guildhall, Vt, 1980
Authors: Bowman James S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study was located on the Burt Peasley Farm, Guildhall, VT which is contiguous with the potato growing region of Coos County, New Hampshire. The area used was prepared for its second year of potato production after being in grass sod for more than 20 years. The plots were 24 ft by 50 ft with each treatment replicated 3 times in a randomized block design. Broadcast (BC) treatments were made on May 27 jut priot to planting and were worked into the soil to a depth of 4 inches.
Foliar Insecticide Trial on Snap Beans, 1983
Authors: Sherrod D. W. , Francis J. A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Provider’ snap beans were planted in single-row plots, 25 ft long on 10 May. Treatment plots were replicated four times and arranged in a randomized complete block design. Foliar sprays were applied using a propane compressed air backpack sprayer with three hollow cone nozzles per row delivering 40 gal water per acre at 40 lb/in3. Spray applications were made on 16 and 23 June. Evaluation criteria consisted of counting the number of insects per 6-ft row on 17, 20, and 27 June. Pod damage was assessed by counting the number of pods with insect feeding scars out of 50 randomly chosen pods per plot on 5 Jul.
Fall Control of Imported Cabbageworm, 1982
Authors: Sorensen K.A. , Johnson E.M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Market Prize’ cabbage plants were transplanted into single row plots near Benson, N.C. on 18 Aug. Plots, 10 ft long on 42-in. centers, were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Treflan 4EC 0.75 lb(AI)/acre was used for weed control. Foliar treatments were applied using a CO2 pressurized backpack sprayer with a single hollow nozzle operated at 40 lb/in2 delivering 100 gal/acre. Treatments were applied on 24 and 31 Aug., and 7, 14, 21 and 28 Sept., for a total of six applications. Imported cabbageworm (ICW) larvae were counted on each of three plants within each plot on 3 and 24 Sept. and 5 Oct. Foliar damage ratings were made on the same plants 5 Oct.
Aster Leafhopper and Aster Yellows Control in Carrot, 1983
Authors: Ragsdale David W. , Radcliffe Edward B. , Loughran James C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Three insecticides were evaluated to determine their effects on the aster leafhopper and its transmission of aster yellows (mycoplasma-like organism) to carrots. The trial was conducted at the Univ. of Minnesota Agric. Exp. Stn., Rosemount, Minn. Each plot had two 20-ft rows (40-in. centers) of ‘Scarlet Nantes’ (aster yellows resistant) and ‘Nantes Coreless’ (aster yellows susceptible) and treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block with four replicates. Both sides of each plot were bordered by two rows of lettuce, Lactuca sativa L., ‘Great Lakes’ which remained unsprayed and served as a source of aster leafhopper and aster yellows. Individual plots were separated from others by 10 ft of bare ground on all sides to minimize interplot movement of ickpack sprayer at 30 lb/in2 (27.0 the aster leafhopper. Treatments were applied using a CO2 powered backpack sprayer at 30 lb/in2 (27.0 gal/acre) except for Sevin XLR which was applied at 15 lb/inz (11.5 gal/acre). Treatments were applied biweekly from 30 June to 4 Aug. and weekly from 4 Aug. through 25 Aug. Fourteen applications in all were made. Sweep samples were taken with a 15-in. diameter sweep net (25 sweeps per plot). Insect counts were taken from all four rows, but not separated with respect to cultivar.
Efficacy of Lorsban on Collards for Control of Cabbage Maggot, 1981
Authors: Halfhill J. E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Georgia’ collards were seeded into 25-ft, two-row beds having 22-in. row and 16-in. interplant spacing on 20 May. The Ritzville silt loam (Calciorthidic Haploxerolls) soil had 1.6% organic matter and a pH of 6.2. Lorsban was spray banded over the planted row at 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 fluid oz/1000 ft of row on 20 May and again on 8 July, 30 days preharvest. The seeder or tractor mounted TEEJET 8005E nozzles applied 80 gal/acre at 60 lb/in2 while movng at 2.1 mph. Experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates. Plots were sprinkler irrigated as needed with a rate of 0.375 acre-in/hr. Efficacy was determined at harvest by examining 16 roots per plot for insect damage. Phytotoxicity (stand loss) was determined at thinning, ca 4 weeks after planting. There were significant decreases in both the percentage of roots damaged and the degree of damage with increasing dosage. There was no difference in stand or yield.
Sweet Corn Insecticide Demonstration Trials, 1983
Authors: Nabors Raymond A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Our objective was to compare the effects of Ambush, Orthene, Pounce, Pydrin, and Sevin for corn earworm control in sweet corn. The corn was planted 1 May (late in comparison with normal planting during late Mar. and Apr.). Sprays are normally applied when tassels first appear. The first tassels appeared in our test on 24 June, but spraying was deliberately delayed to ensure corn earworm establishment within the test plot. Our first spraying occurred on 29 June. We sprayed again on 1 Jul., 4 Jul., 6 Jul., 8 Jul. and the final spray application was made on 11 Jul. On 12 Jul. we examined 100 ears in each treatment. The percent of infested ears in each treatment was tabulated.
European Corn Borer and Fall Armyworm Control by Registered Insecticides Applied by Air to Sweet Corn, 1983
Authors: Shelton A.M. , Wilsey W.T. , North R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Three commercial fields, located near Geneva, NY, were used as replicates in a RCB design. All fields were in the whorl to green tassel stage. A Grumman Air Cat, delivering 3 gal/acre, was used to apply a single application of each treatment. Control of European corn borer was assessed by removing a whole leaf from the middle height of 10 plants per plot, excising a 4-in square from the middle of the leaf, and allowing five neonatal larvae to feed on this section for 72 h at 80°F. Fall armyworm mortality was assessed by placing five 2nd-to 3rd-stage larvae on each of 10 marked plants per plot. Larvae were placed in the whorl, as they are normally found, and the plants were sprayed by air. Four days after treatment the marked plants were dissected for the presence of dead and live larvae. To determine if air application was providing adequate coverage, fluorescent dye was applied at the rate of 1.0 lb/acre. The following day 5 plants per field were returned to the laboratory and examined under ultraviolet light for coverage.
Fall Armyworm Control on Sweet Corn, 1982
Authors: Sorensen K. A. , Johnson E. M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Silver Queen’ sweet corn was planted on 25 May near Benson, N. C. Treatment plots were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Plots consisted of single rows 10 ft long on 42-in centers. Layby, granular and foliar spray applications were initiated at the 6-in stage 15 June. Foliar treatments were applied using a2CO2 pressurized backpack sprayer with a single hollow cone nozzle delivering 100 gal/acre at 40 lb/in2 on 30 June and 7 July. Granular treatments were applied on 15 June, using shaker jars. Dyfonate 20G was placed in the whorl.
European Corn Borer Control in Sweet Corn, 1983
Authors: Straub Richard W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Sprite’ was planted 3 May in Tioga silt-loam soil at New Paltz, N. Y. Treatments were arranged in two-row plots 488 ft long, replicated four times in a randomized block design. Granular insecticides were applied through a Gandy applicator mounted on the hydraulic boom of a high clearance sprayer operated at a ground speed of 2.5 mph. Granules were directed through a 4-in bander to the centers of plants in the mid-whorl stage of development on 24 June. Foliar spray treatments were applied beginning at the mid-whorl stage with a high clearance sprayer through three nozzles per row, dispensing 42 gal/acre at 100 lb/in2. Treatments were applied on 27 June and 7, 12, and 15 July. Dyfonate 10G and 20G single applications to the whorl were compared to single whorl applications plus methomyl silk sprays applied on 12 and 15 July. At harvest maturity (25 July), 50 ears from each treatment-replicate were examined for economic ear damage by ECB larvae.
An Electrodyne Sprayer to Control Colorado Potato Beetle in Eggplant, 1983
Authors: Ghidiu Gerald M. , McClurg Elaine L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Florida Market’ eggplant were transplanted to a Sassafras sandy loam field on 3 June. Single row plots were 15 ft long and 5 ft wide; a guard row buffered each treated row. Treatments were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Standard foliar sprays were applied with a self-propelled, high-clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 83 gal/acre at 200 lb/in2 with one drop nozzle over the row and one on either side of the row. “Bozzle” sprays were applied with a hand-held electrodyne sprayer calibrated to deliver a constant flow rate of 0.06 ml/sec. Sprays were applied 24 June, 15 and 27 July, and 5 and 22 Aug. Colorado potato beetle counts were recorded 19 July and 24 Aug. Mature fruit were harvested on 25 July, 8 Aug., 6 Sept., and 7 Oct. All fruit were examined for percent damage or scarred fruit caused by Colorado potato beetle feeding. Plants were irrigated when moisture was below normal.
Corn Earworm and European Corn Borer Control, 1982
Authors: Sorensen K. A. , Johnson E. M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sweet banana peppers were transplanted 21 May near Benson, N. C. Treatment plots were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Plots consisted of single rows 10 ft long on 42-in centers. Foliar treatments were applied using a CO2 pressurized backpack sprayer with a single hollow cone nozzle delivering 100 gal/acre at 40 lb/in2 Application dates were 30 June, 7, 14, 21, and 28 July, and 4, 11, and 18 Aug. Crown fruits were harvested 24 June. Subsequent harvests on 8 July and 23 Aug. were evaluated for European corn borer (ECB) and corn earworm (CEW) damage. ECB and CEW infestations did not occur until Aug. and were very light at this time. All treatments resulted in significantly less CEW but not ECB control when compared to the untreated check. No phytotoxicity was observed.
Sugarbeet Wireworm Control on Potatoes, 1983
Authors: Blackmer Jackie , Bishop Guy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Russet Burbank’ potatoes were planted 5 May at the Malheur, Oregon experiment station in a silt loam soil. A Temik and Mocap mixture was sidedressed on 7 Jun. after most plants had emerged. Placement was about 4 in on each side and at about the level of seed pieces. Other insecticides were hand mixed into the soil covering the tubers at the time of planting. Plots were 30 ft by one row in a furrow irrigated field. Treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design. All tubers were weighed and examined for injuries.
Control of Potato Insects with Soil Applied Systemic Insecticides, 1983
Authors: Bishop Guy , Blackmer Jackie , Baird Craig 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Russet Burbank’ potatoes were planted 21 Apr. at Parma, Idaho, in Greenleaf-Owyhee silt loam soil. Plots were 25 ft long and 2 rows wide with 5-ft buffers. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design. Chemicals were placed in the planting furrow. Counts were taken weekly during the period of significant insect activity. Beetle numbers were estimated by walking between the rows and recording larvae and adults that could be seen without moving foliage. Aphid numbers were based on a 25-compound leaf sample from each plot.
Colorado Potato Beetle Control Soil Insecticide Trial, 1983
Authors: Graustein Mark R. , Hochmuth Robert 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Plots were established in a commercial potato field near Little Creek, De.on 2 May. Soil type was a sandy loam with a high moisture content due to persistent, heavy rains. Each plot consisted of 3 rows (0.9 m apart) 6 m long. The plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design in which treatments were replicated four times. Only the middle row of each plot received treatment. The outside rows served as a reservoir for the CPB. The granular insecticides were applied using a single row Noble applicator. The seed furrows were opened with a commercial planter, the insecticides applied and the seed pieces placed in the furrow by hand. The furrows were then closed. The drag-off treatment was applied on 11 May by dispensing the insecticide as a 5-inch band over the hills immediately before drag-off. At the first cultivation on 6 Jun, the appropriate insecticides were applied as a sidedress in the cultivation furrow.
Foliar Insecticides for Control of Potato Pests, 1982
Authors: Johnston Richard L. , Radcliffe Edward B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Russet Burbank’ potatoes were planted 20 May, at the Rosemount Agrie. Exp. St., Dakota Co., Minn. Treatments were applied to 4-row plots, 60 ft long, with 40-inch row spacing, randomized in complete blocks with three replications. Two untreated rows separated each plot. Bravo fungicide was applied weekly per label recommendations from 2 Jun. to the end of the season. Insecticides were applied with a tractor-drawn boom sprayer with three drop nozzles per row delivering ca 72 gal water/acre at ca 250 lb/in2 . Insecticides were applied 14 Jul., 28 Jul., 11 Aug., 25 Aug., and 8 Sep. Potato leafhopper nymphs and green peach aphid apterae were counted from 35 mid-plant leaves from the center two rows of each plot. Counts were made the day before and the day after spraying.
Foliar Insecticide Treatments for Control of Potato Pests, 1983
Authors: Johnston Richard L. , Radcliffe Edward B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Russet Burbank’ potatoes were planted on 21 May at the Rosemount Agricultural Research Station, Rosemount, Minn. Plots were four rows, 50 ft long, spaced 40 inches apart in a complete randomized block with three replicatigons. The first two treatments were applied using a tractor-drawn boom sprayer with three drop nozzles per row delivering ca 60 gal water/acre at ca 150 lb/in2 Due to low insect numbers after the initial sprays, the third treatments were applied to previously untreated plants using a handheld CO2 powered sprayer delivering 38 gal water/acre at 30 lb/in2 . All treatments were applied the day before counting. Bravo fungicide was applied weekly per label recommendations from 5 Jul. through 14 Sep.
Green Peach Aphid Control with Soil Applied Systemic Insecticides, 1983
Authors: Sandvol Larry , Bishop Guy W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Potatoes were planted 10 May, in 36 in rows in Declo silt loam soil. Treatments were applied to 4-row plots, 30 ft long randomized in complete blocks with four replications. The systemic insecticides were applied at planting in the seed row, or sidedressed at plant emergence. Green peach aphids were recorded from center two rows by counting total number of aphids on 20 compound leaves.
Colorado Potato Beetle Control, 1983
Authors: Voss R. H. , Ferro D. N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Superior’ potatoes were planted on 19 May in Sunderland, Mass. Fertilizer (1,000 lb 10:10:10/acre) was broadcast and incorporated before planting. The soil type was a fine sandy loam with a pH of ca. 5.5. Dinoseb was applied at 2 lb (AI)/acre prior to plant emergence. Treatment plots were replicated in a randomized complete block design. Each plot consisted of 2-30 ft rows with a 3-ft fallow area between each plot. Treatments were applied with CO2 pressurized sprayers at around 40 lb/in2 with a delivery rate of ca 65 gal/acre. Spray applications were made on 29 Jun., 6, 19 and 26 Jul., and 2 Aug. R016-3964 10G (0.5 and 1.0) was applied in the furrow at planting.