bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
It probably worked: a Bayesian approach to evaluating the introduction of activity-based hospital payment in Israel
Authors: Waitzberg Ruth , Siegel Martin , Quentin Wilm , Busse Reinhard , Greenberg Dan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
In 2013–2014, Israel accelerated adoption of activity-based payments to hospitals. While the effects of such payments on patient length of stay (LoS) have been examined in several countries, there have been few analyses of incentive effects in the Israeli context of capped reimbursements and stretched resources.

Methods
We examined administrative data from the Israel Ministry of Health for 14 procedures from 2005 to 2016 in all not-for-profit hospitals (97% of the acute care beds). Survival analyses using a Weibull distribution allowed us to examine the non-negative and right-skewed data. We opted for a Bayesian approach to estimate relative change in LoS.

Results
LoS declined in 7 of 14 procedures analyzed, notably, in 6 out of 7 urological procedures. In these procedures, reduction in LoS ranged between 11% and 20%. The estimation results for the control variables are mixed and do not indicate a clear pattern of association with LoS.

Conclusions
The decrease in LoS freed resources to treat other patients, which may have resulted in reduced waiting times. It may have been more feasible to reduce LoS for urological procedures since these had relatively long LoS. Policymakers should pay attention to the effects of decreases in LoS on quality of care. Stretched hospital resources, capped reimbursements, retrospective subsidies and underpriced procedures may have limited hospitals' ability to reduce LoS for other procedures where no decrease occurred (e.g., general surgery).
Selfish personalities influencing start-up intention and motivation: a study of Vietnam
Authors: Lien Tran Thi Hong , Anh Tran Tu , Anh Truong Nhat , Anh Le Huu Tuan , Thao Ngo Thi Thien 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis research explores the influences of selfish personalities of the Dark Triad on start-up intention and motives based on a sample of 400 university students in Vietnam, discovering mixed effects of narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. A high level of narcissism and Machiavellianism leads to high start-up intention. There is a negative relationship of Machiavellianism with pro-social motive and a positive association with selfish entrepreneurship. In addition, narcissism is positively associated with pro-social start-up motives. This study has found no effect of psychopathy but a positive link to selfish entrepreneurial motivation. Implications have been suggested for educators and investors.
Good farm practices and improved processing technology of enset for sustainable hunger solution in Ethiopia
Authors: Kudama Gezahagn , Tolera Tadesse , Gebeyehu Lemane 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGiven the multi-benefits, enset cultivation has been continuously underutilized in Ethiopia. We assess best practices, processing technologies, environmental maintenance, multi-benefits of enset and its potency in hunger reduction in Ethiopia by reviewing evidence on good farm practices, improved technologies, sustainability, hunger reduction, inputs cost, and yields advantage of enset. The review results identify those best practices that optimize enset yield, technologies that facilitate extension services, processing and food qualities of enset. Moreover, we find that enset is a first-rated climate-smart crop, superior hunger solution because of its apparent capability to endure long periods (more than 5 years) of drought, highest yield, energy food supply, and costs advantages. In contrast, its long-period maturity, cultural perceptions, and little development policy attention given to enset limit its expansion. Therefore, exploring and creating universal access mechanism of early maturing and high-yielding varieties, processing technologies and mobile-based advices, involving best practices of enset in regular agricultural extension services, changing social perceptions optimize enset yield and production thereby it contributes environmental sustainability and cuts hunger challenges.
Major coagulation disorders and parameters in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Teimury Azadeh , Khameneh Mahshid Taheri , Khaledi Elahe Mahmoodi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with a high prevalence rate, has rapidly infected millions of people around the world. Since viral infections can disrupt the coagulation and homeostasis cascades, various inflammatory and coagulation problems occur due to COVID-19 infection, similar to coronavirus epidemics in 2003 and 2004. According to multiple previous studies, in the present research, we reviewed the most commonly reported problems of COVID-19 patients, such as venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, disseminated intravascular coagulation, etc. and investigated the causes in these patients. Coagulation and inflammatory markers, such as platelets and fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, d-dimer, prothrombin time, etc., were also discussed, and the treatment options were briefly reviewed. In addition to coagulation treatments, regular examination of coagulation parameters and thrombotic complications can be helpful in the timely treatment of patients. Therefore, it is helpful to review the coagulation problems in COVID-19 patients. Although all mentioned problems and markers are important in COVID-19, some of them are more valuable in terms of diagnosis and prognosis.
Identification of sandstone-rich zones in upper bathyal, deep water environment on south Texas Gulf Coast
Authors: Ogiesoba Osareni C. , Zeng Hongliu 
Published: February 2022

We document the results of a 3D seismic investigation undertaken in search of prospective hydrocarbon, sandstone-rich zones within the Eocene Yegua Formation, which is located in a shale-dominated environment in Jackson County, South Texas. Because of the preponderance of shale in this environment, diligent effort and methods were required to identify sandstone-rich zones. First, we used seismic sweetness and instantaneous frequency attributes to identify sandstone-rich zones. This procedure was then followed by a frequency-fusion method to validate results and estimate the thickness of predicted sandstone-rich intervals. Results show that these zones are characterized by low frequencies ranging from 0 to 15 Hz. We interpreted the depositional pattern to be slope channels and slope fans deposited in an upper bathyal environment, trapped by down-to-the-basin synthetic growth faults and shale ridges. The growth faults found within this Yegua deep water setting influence the sandstone-rich zones in two ways: (1) they act as a barrier against which sandstones are trapped and (2) they downfault sediments to deeper water, making recognizing the continuity of the channels difficult. On the basis of frequency fusion, we infer that the thickness of the sandstone-rich zones ranges from 30 to 45 m (100–150 ft). Although sweetness, frequency fusion, and instantaneous frequency attributes can help in identifying sandstone-rich zones in shale-dominated environments, a combination of these attributes and structure is required to determine whether the sandstone-rich zone could be a potential prospect.
Clozapine-induced gastrointestinal hypomotility: presenting features and outcomes, UK pharmacovigilance reports, 1992–2017
Authors: Handley S. A. , Every-Palmer S. , Ismail A. , Flanagan R. J. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundClozapine-induced gastrointestinal hypomotility (CIGH) affects some 75% of patients treated with clozapine.AimsTo document the incidence of potentially harmful CIGH in the UK.MethodWe studied spontaneous UK pharmacovigilance reports recorded as clozapine-related gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions, 1992–2017.ResultsThere were 527 patients reported with potentially harmful CIGH; 33% (n = 172) died. Deaths averaged 1 per year 1992–1999, 5 per year 2000–2009 and 15 per year 2010–2017. Those who died were older (median 52 years v. 49 years) and had been prescribed clozapine for longer than those who recovered (median 11.3 years v. 4.8 years), but there was no difference in prescribed dose. Within the first 4 years of clozapine treatment, there were 169 reports of CIGH, of which 3% (n = 5) were fatal. At 10–14 years there were 63 reports of CIGH, of which 25% (n = 16) were fatal. Among the deaths, males were younger (median 51, range 22–89 v. median 57, range 24–89 years) with higher clozapine doses (median 450, range 100–900 v. median 300, range 12.5–800 mg/d) than females. In non-fatal CIGH, surgery was the most frequent outcome (n = 92). The procedures included appendectomy, ileostomy, total/partial colectomy, colostomy/stoma and proctosigmoidectomy. Clozapine dosage was reduced in 6 patients, stopped and restarted in 23, ‘continued’ in 6 and discontinued permanently in at least 76 patients.ConclusionsThe risk of serious morbidity/mortality from CIGH is substantial. The need to actively monitor bowel function and give laxatives to patients treated with clozapine is clear.
Artificial intelligence and suicide prevention: A systematic review
Authors: Lejeune Alban , Le Glaz Aziliz , Perron Pierre-Antoine , Sebti Johan , Baca-Garcia Enrique , Walter Michel , Lemey Christophe , Berrouiguet Sofian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundSuicide is one of the main preventable causes of death. Artificial intelligence (AI) could improve methods for assessing suicide risk. The objective of this review is to assess the potential of AI in identifying patients who are at risk of attempting suicide.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases, using relevant keywords.ResultsThanks to this research, 296 studies were identified. Seventeen studies, published between 2014 and 2020 and matching inclusion criteria, were selected as relevant. Included studies aimed at predicting individual suicide risk or identifying at-risk individuals in a specific population. The AI performance was overall good, although variable across different algorithms and application settings.ConclusionsAI appears to have a high potential for identifying patients at risk of suicide. The precise use of these algorithms in clinical situations, as well as the ethical issues it raises, remain to be clarified.
Novel PTH Gene Mutations Causing Isolated Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Hawkes Colin P , Al Jubeh Jamal M , Li Dong , Tucker Susan E , Rajiyah Tara , Levine Michael A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Context
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) gene mutations represent a rare cause of familial isolated hypoparathyroidism (FIH). These defects can cause hypoparathyroidism with increased or decreased serum levels of PTH through 1) impaired PTH synthesis; 2) induction of parathyroid cell apoptosis; or 3) secretion of bioinactive PTH molecules. Eight pathogenic mutations of this gene have been described previously.

Objective
Through describing 2 novel mutations of the PTH gene, we aim to extend the molecular basis for FIH and further refine the proposed mechanisms by which PTH mutations cause hypoparathyroidism.

Methods
Proband case reports were compiled with extended family analysis. The probands in both kindreds presented before age 10 days with hypocalcemia and elevated phosphate levels. Proband A had low PTH levels, whereas these levels were elevated in Proband B. Proband B was initially diagnosed with pseudohypoparathyroidism. Methylation analysis was performed of CpG dinucleotides within 3 GNAS differentially methylated regions; whole-genome sequencing; and PTH infusion with analysis of nephrogenous 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine 5′-monophosphate.

Results
Proband A had a novel heterozygous sequence change in exon 2 of the PTH gene, c.46_47delinsAA (p.Ala16Lys), and proband B had a novel homozygous nucleotide transition in PTH exon 3 (c.128G &gt; A; p.G43E) that led to replacement of glycine by glutamic acid at position 12 of PTH 1-84. PTH 1-34 infusion demonstrated that renal responsiveness to PTH was intact and not antagonized by circulating bioinactive PTH.

Conclusion
PTH gene mutations are uncommon causes of hypoparathyroidism, but can be misdiagnosed as disorders of gland development or receptor function if PTH levels are decreased or elevated, respectively. Genetic testing should be considered early in the diagnostic approach to these presentations.
Theory to the Rescue of Large-Scale Models: Edmond Malinvaud's View on the Search for Microfoundations
Authors: Renault Matthieu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEdmond Malinvaud's case is peculiar in the history of macroeconomics as he committed to two different microfoundational programs, namely, the disequilibrium theory (more properly, the non-Walrasian approach) and the practice of large-scale macroeconomic modeling. Such a twofold commitment was far from anecdotal because Malinvaud regarded these programs as fully compatible. The search for microfoundations he promoted did not aim at reconsidering the autonomy of macroeconomics. It was instead subject to the condition of being connected and oriented toward the needs of large-scale models. The best illustration was Malinvaud's own contributions to the non-Walrasian approach throughout the 1970s and 1980s, by which he intended to rationalize and improve the practice of French large-scale modeling.
Jacob Viner, Milton Friedman, and the Chicago Monetary Tradition: A Reconsideration
Authors: Tavlas George S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMilton Friedman claimed that Jacob Viner's views in the early 1930s on (a) the monetary origins of the Great Depression and (b) the need of expansionary open-market operations established a linkage between the 1930s Chicago monetary tradition and Friedman's monetarist economics. I show that Viner's views on those issues and on such issues as the retention of the gold standard, money-financed versus bond-financed deficits, 100 percent reserves, the usefulness of cost cutting to combat the Depression, and rules-versus-discretion differed fundamentally from a core group of Chicagoans. I conclude that Viner's views were not representative of the Chicago tradition.
Variable Bound Tightening and Valid Constraints for Multiperiod Blending
Authors: Chen Yifu , Maravelias Christos T. 
Published: February 2022

Multiperiod blending has a number of important applications in a range of industrial sectors. It is typically formulated as a nonconvex mixed integer nonlinear program (MINLP), which involves binary variables and bilinear terms. In this study, we first propose a reformulation of the constraints involving bilinear terms using lifting. We introduce a method for calculating tight bounds on the lifted variables calculated by aggregating multiple constraints. We propose valid constraints derived from the reformulation-linearization technique (RLT) that use the bounds on the lifted variables to further tighten the formulation. Computational results indicate our method can substantially reduce the solution time and optimality gap.Summary of Contribution: In this paper, we study the multiperiod blending problem, which has a number of important applications in a range of industrial sectors, such as refining, chemical production, mining, and wastewater management. Solving this problem efficiently leads to significant economic and environmental benefits. However, solving even medium-scale instances to global optimality remains challenging. To address this challenge, we propose a variable bound tightening algorithm and tightening constraints for multiperiod blending. Computational results show that our methods can substantially reduce the solution time and optimality gap.
Data Breach Announcements and Stock Market Reactions: A Matter of Timing?
Authors: Foerderer Jens , Schuetz Sebastian W. 
Published: February 2022

Although firms’ announcement of data breaches can lead to reputational or operational damages, extant research suggests that stock markets are relatively unresponsive to such announcements. We investigate whether markets’ unresponsiveness can be explained by firms strategically timing the announcement to coincide with busy days in the media, thereby reducing attention and, ultimately, attenuating market reactions. We leverage novel data on data breach announcements in the United States between 2008 and 2018 and create a measure of busyness in the trade press—news pressure—based on the Wall Street Journal. To investigate, we conduct two complementary studies. In Study 1, we employ an instrumental variable approach to assess whether announcements coincide with days of predictably high news pressure. We find that this is the case. On days with a one-standard-deviation-higher predictable news pressure, 4.44% more data breaches are announced (or approximately 19.024 data records). Strategic timing is more prevalent for breaches that are severe, that have firm-internal causes, and that leak healthcare data or credentials. In Study 2, we utilize a stock market event study to assess market reactions conditional on news pressure on the announcement day. We find that data breach announcements are associated with negative market reactions, yet these are attenuated by higher news pressure on the announcement day. If news pressure is on its empirical mean (respectively, one standard deviation above), we estimate a median decline in market capitalization of $347 (respectively, $85) million. We conclude that firms’ strategic timing might explain inconsistent findings in prior work. This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.
Optimization of the Process for Obtaining Biodiesel from Seeds of Ricinus communis using Basic Heterogeneous Catalyst in Transesterification
Authors: González Fernández Jose Manuel , Aquino-Torres Eliazar , Acevedo-Sandoval Otilio Arturo , Pacheco-Trejo Jaime , Prieto Garcia Francisco , Prieto-Méndez Judith 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Castor bean (Ricinus communis) can be a high-demand crop for the production of biodiesel, an alternative biofuel similar to conventional diesel. The objective of the work has been to optimize the method of obtaining biodiesel from a “green technology” process, directly splitting the seeds of three macerated castor varieties, without prior extraction of the oil with n-hexane as is traditional. Also using low-cost heterogeneous basic catalysts, friendly to the environment. It has been shown that it is feasible to obtain biodiesel as an eco-fuel from castor beans directly, without prior oil extraction with the consequent saving of n-hexane solvent and the non-use of sodium hydroxide. It is feasible to substitute methanol for ethanol (less toxic and cheaper), and as a novel aspect, the use of BaCO3 as a heterogeneous catalyst, not reported in any reference of those consulted. Yield percentages ranging between 31% and 45% were obtained, comparable to those obtained from previous oil extractions. It was concluded that of the three varieties of castor bean evaluated, the variety HG-A-1 (collected in Atotonilco el Grande, Municipality of the State of Hidalgo) classified as IBEA type, is the one that presents the best results. Keywords: Barium carbonate, Castor oil, Eco-fuel, Ethanol, Seed.
Determination of the Equivalent Length for Evaluating Local Head Losses in Drip Irrigation Laterals
Authors: Wang Jian , Wei Tao , Song Zhuoyang , Chen Rui , He Qiu 
Published: February 2022

HighlightsA hydraulic model was used to determine the value of the equivalent length for evaluating local emitter head losses in drip laterals.Dimensional analysis was used to develop an equation for predicting the equivalent length.The effects of the design variables on the equivalent length were investigated.The accuracy of the equation was validated by a previous experiment and an alternative hydraulic model.Abstract. The equivalent length is widely used in current hydraulic models to estimate local emitter head losses for the analysis and design of drip irrigation laterals. The accurate evaluation of the equivalent length is therefore required in the lateral design procedure. In this study, a finite element model was used to develop an equation to predict the equivalent length. Eight design variables were selected, and 32 lateral cases were generated using the orthogonal design. The total local head loss in the 32 laterals were firstly calculated using the local head loss coefficient multiplied by the kinetic head. The solutions were considered as exact values and being equivalent to friction head losses, and the equivalent length was computed using the Darcy-Weisbach equation. Dimensional analysis and regression procedures were then used to obtain the prediction equation related to the selected variables. The results show that the converted equivalent lengths accurately estimated the local head losses in the 32 laterals. The local head loss coefficient was the most important factor for the equivalent length, followed by the lateral diameter. The effects of the lateral inlet pressure head, flow exponent, nominal flow rate of emitter, number of emitter, emitter spacing and lateral slope were not significant. Two models were developed to predict the equivalent length, and to calculated the total local head losses. The results demonstrated satisfactory agreement with the measured value available in a previous experimental study, with RMSE = 0.202 and 0.162 m for the full and simplified model, respectively. The percent error between the measured and calculated total head losses using simplified model was from -16.5% to 14.8%, and the Camargo and Sentelhas coefficient c was higher than 0.98. The equations were therefore capable for evaluating the local head loss in the hydraulic design of drip irrigation laterals. Keywords: Dimensional analysis, Finite element method, Hydraulic design, Pressure head, Uniformity.
Lidar and Radar Enable the Next Generation of Dairy Cattle Feeding
Authors: Reger Matthias Thomas, Anton, Johann , Stumpenhausen Jörn , Bernhardt Heinz 
Published: February 2022

HighlightsDevelopments in automatized feeding lead to farms being locked industrial production sites.LiDAR and Radar facilitate driverless feed mixers by covering navigation and safety aspects.External safety of driverless vehicles can be compensated with optical, acoustical and organizational measures.Abstract. Present automatic feeding systems (AFS) for dairy cattle are predominantly machines with additional external structures, e.g., bus bars and guide rails. In order to achieve complete automation of the feeding process, future AFS must be adaptable to different types of farm structures. Technologies such as LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and Radar (Radio Detection and Ranging) enable free navigation of self-propelled feed mixer wagons and make important contributions to personal protection and collision avoidance. This enables the feed mixer to reach silo systems independently, remove feed and present it at the feed table. Using a self-propelled mixer feeder, both LiDAR and Radar are comparatively analyzed in a practical series of tests under farm conditions. Research into the legal framework and an exemplary risk assessment lay the conceptual basis for future automatic feeding systems. The aim of this consideration is to derive a coordinated concept for the areas of navigation and collision protection in an automatic feeding system for next-generation dairy cattle. Keywords: AFS, AGV, Automation, Dairy, Feeding, Laser, LiDAR, Radar.