bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Features and Outcome of the Guillain–Barre Syndrome: A Single-Center 11-Year Experience
Authors: Ginanneschi Federica , Giannini Fabio , Sicurelli Francesco , Battisti Carla , Capoccitti Giorgio , Bartalini Sabina , Mignarri Andrea , Volpi Nila , Cioncoloni David , Franci Laura , De Stefano Nicola , Rossi Alessandro 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundClinical presentation, electrophysiological subtype, and outcome of the Guillain–Barre' Syndrome (GBS) may differ between patients from different geographical regions. This study aims to assess clinical–neurophysiological features of an adult, Italian GBS cohort over 11 years.MethodsRetrospective (from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2021) analysis was carried out on patients admitted to the Siena University Hospital who fulfilled the GBS diagnostic criteria. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, treatment, need of mechanical ventilation (MV), laboratory and electrophysiological tests, preceding infections/vaccination/other conditions, and comorbidities were collected for each patient.ResultsA total of 84 patients (51 men, median age of 61 years), were identified. GBS subtype was classified as acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) in the 66.6% of patients, acute motor/sensory axonal neuropathy (AMAN/AMSAN) in 20.2%, and the Miller Fisher syndrome in 5 (5.9%). Flu syndrome and gastrointestinal infection were the most common preceding conditions. In total, five (5.9%) subjects had concomitant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Cranial nerve involvement occurred in 34.5% of subjects. Differences between the axonal and AIDP forms of GBS concerned the presence of anti-ganglioside antibodies. In total, seven (8.33%) patients required MV.DiscussionThe epidemiological and clinical characteristics of GBS in different countries are constantly evolving, especially in relation to environmental changes. This study provides updated clinical-epidemiological information in an Italian cohort.
miR-200a-3p- and miR-181-5p-Mediated HOXB5 Upregulation Promotes HCC Progression by Transcriptional Activation of EGFR
Authors: Li Weizhi , Li Yingchao , Li Peijie , Ma Fuquan , Liu Mengying , Kong Shuzhen , Xue Hui 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a worldwide burden. However, the mechanisms behind the malignant biological behavior of HCC remain unclear. The homeobox (HOX) family could act as either promoters or suppressors in different kinds of malignancies. Our study discovered the role of HOXB5 in regulating HCC progression.MethodsThe HOXB5 expression was assessed by RT-PCR analysis in human HCC samples and cell lines. HOXB5 transcriptional regulation of the EGFR was verified by the luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiment. The oncogenic role of HOXB5 in HCC progression was analyzed by CCK8, colony-forming, and transwell assays.ResultsUpregulation of HOXB5 was found in human HCC, and was strongly correlated with HCC tumor size, tumor-nodule metastasis, TNM stage, and relatively unfavorable OS and DFS. Ectopic expression of HOXB5 promoted the capacity of cell growth and clonogenicity, while the inhibition of HOXB5 decreased the proliferation and clonogenicity potential in vitro by CCK8 and colony-forming assays. In addition, HOXB5 also promoted cell migration by transwell experiment. Mechanism studies elucidated that HOXB5 triggers HCC progression via direct transcriptional activation of EGFR. The upregulation of HOXB5 is regulated by miR-200a-3p and miR-181-5p. Transfection of miR-200a-3p and miR-181-5p mimics blocked the cell proliferation and migration regulated by HOXB5, while overexpression of the 3′-UTR mutant HOXB5 abolished the suppressive effect of miR-200a-3p and miR-181-5p, but not the wild-type HOXB5.ConclusionHOXB5 is a promising prognostic factor in human HCC. Targeting miR-200a-3p and the miR-181-5p/HOXB5/EGFR signaling pathway may provide new options for the treatment strategies of HCC.
B Cells in Tumor Microenvironment Associated With The Clinical Benefit to Programmed Cell Death Protein-1 Blockade Therapy in Patients With Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Guo Jhe-Cyuan , Hsu Chia-Lang , Huang Yen-Lin , Lin Chia-Chi , Huang Ta-Chen , Wu I-Chen , Lin Chen-Yuan , Lien Ming-Yu , Kuo Hung-Yang , Cheng Ann-Lii , Hsu Chih-Hung 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundB cells and B cell-related gene signatures in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are associated with the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti-PD-1) therapy in several cancer types, but not known for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Patients and MethodsPatients with advanced ESCC receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1-based therapy were retrospectively included. A targeted RNA profiling of 770 immune-related genes from archival ESCC tissues was performed. Differential immune-related pathways and the levels of infiltrating immune cells were estimated through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and CIBERSORT, respectively. CD19 and CD138 expression were evaluated through immunohistochemistry (IHC). The markers evaluated were correlated with clinical benefit (CB; defined as either objective response or stable disease for ≥6 months) and survival.ResultsA total of 64 patients were enrolled. The transcriptome analysis based on 25 patients revealed that B cell signature was significantly increased in patients with CB (P &lt;.05) and correlated with a longer PFS (P = .032) and OS (P = .013). Multiple genes representative of B cells, B cell functions, and plasma cells were upregulated in patients with CB. On further analysis of B cell subtypes in patients with CB, increase of naïve B cells (P = .057) and plasma cells (P &lt;.01) was found but not memory B cells (P = .27). The CD19 expression in tumor stroma, detected by IHC, was higher in patients with CB (P = .033).ConclusionB cells in the TME were associated with CB in patients with advanced ESCC receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1-based therapy.
Treatment Strategy for Chronic Obstructive Parotitis Related to Diabetes: A Retrospective Analysis of 12 Cases
Authors: Wu Chuan-Bin , Xue Lei , Zhou Qing 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe our experience in treating chronic obstructive parotitis (COP) related to diabetes.Methods: Twelve patients with COP related to diabetes were selected for the study. A sialendoscope was introduced from the orifice to investigate the ductal wall and lumen. During the operation, chymotrypsin and gentamicin were injected. All patients were followed up for 6 months. Preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) evaluations and salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS) examinations were applied to evaluate the therapeutic effect; differences were considered statistically significant at p &lt; 0.05.Results: A sialendoscope was successfully used under local anesthesia in all members of the cohort. As shown by the endoscope, mucus plugs were the most common feature. Some adhered tightly to the ductal wall. We also found ductal congestion in some cases. The postoperative VAS scores and SGS counts were both significantly lower than the preoperative values (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Chymotrypsin administration during interventional sialendoscopy is significantly effective in the treatment of diabetes-related COP.
Influence of Sex, BMI, and Skin Color on the Accuracy of Non-Invasive Cuffless Photoplethysmography-Based Blood Pressure Measurements
Authors: Nachman Dean , Eisenkraft Arik , Goldstein Nir , Ben-Ishay Arik , Fons Meir , Merin Roei , Gepner Yftach 
Published: June 2022

Vital signs obtained by photoplethysmography-based devices might be influenced by subcutaneous fat and skin color. This observational comparison study aimed to test the accuracy of blood pressure (BP) measurements between a photoplethysmography-based device and cuff-based BP device in ambulatory individuals, coming for a routine BP checkup. Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) measurements were stratified based on sex, BMI (&lt;25; 25 ≤BMI&lt;30; 30 ≤kg/m2), and skin color (types 1–3 and 4–6 by the Fitzpatrick scale). A total of 1548 measurements were analyzed. Correlations of SBP and DBP between the devices among males/females were between 0.914–0.987 (p &lt; 0.001), and Bland-Altman analysis showed a bias of less than 0.5 mmHg for both sexes. Correlations of SBP and DBP between the devices among BMI groups were between 0.931–0.991 (p &lt; 0.001), and Bland-Altman analysis showed a bias of less than 1 mmHg for all. Correlations of SBP and DBP between the devices among the skin color groups were between 0.936–0.983 (p &lt; 0.001), and Bland-Altman analysis showed a bias of less than 1 mmHg for all. This study shows similar and high agreements between BP measurements obtained using a PPG-based non-invasive cuffless BP device and a cuff-based BP device across sex, BMI, and skin color groups.
A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis on Marital Satisfaction of Chinese Couples
Authors: Li Fengzhan , Chen Chen , Wang Jinrui , Peng Haiyun , Wu Lin , Ren Lei , Song Lei , Jin Yinchuan , Yang Qun 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the changing trend of Chinese couples' marital satisfaction and its relationship with social changes.MethodsA cross-temporal meta-analysis was performed on 118 original studies (n = 31,909) reporting marital satisfaction of Chinese couples from 1994 to 2020, primarily using correlation analysis and regression analysis.Results(1) Overall, the marital satisfaction of Chinese couples showed a downward trend over time. (2) Men's marital satisfaction displayed almost no change, while women's marital satisfaction had a more obvious downward trend. (3) Changes in macrosocial factors (per capita consumption expenditure, housing prices, old-age dependency ratio, and divorce rate) could significantly predict the downward trend of marital satisfaction, especially for women.ConclusionIn the past 27 years, the overall marital satisfaction level of Chinese couples has shown a downward trend, and there are gendered differences, which may be related to changes in the socioeconomic and cultural environments.
Psychological Resilience and Career Success of Female Nurses in Central China: The Mediating Role of Craftsmanship
Authors: Xue Huiyuan , Si Xiaona , Wang He , Song Xiaoren , Zhu Keke , Liu Xiaoli , Zhang Fen 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundNurses’ career success is an important factor affecting the quality of nursing services and the stability of the nursing workforce, and enhancing nurses’ career success level is of key significance to the development of the nursing discipline. As psychological resilience and craftsmanship are important spiritual traits in the process of nurses’ career development, it is important to understand the mechanism of their effects on nurses’ career success level.ObjectiveTo explore the current situation of craftsmanship, psychological resilience and career success levels of female nurses in central China, and to verify the mediating role of craftsmanship between psychological resilience and female career success using structural equation model.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 2359 female nurses from three hospitals in central China through an online questionnaire, including craftsmanship, psychological resilience and career success scale. The data were analyzed by Z-test and Spearman rank correlation with SPSS 23.0 statistical software, and the mechanism of the effect of craftsmanship and psychological resilience on career success was completed by AMOS 23.0 statistical software.ResultsThe scores of career success, psychological resilience, and craftsmanship of female nurses in central China were 68.00 (61.00, 75.00), 74.00 (64.00, 84.00), and 83.00 (79.00, 95.25). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that Chinese female nurses’ career success was positively correlated with craftsmanship (r = 0.511, P &lt; 0.01) and psychological resilience (r = 0.595, P &lt; 0.01). Craftsmanship played a mediating role between psychological resilience and career success, accounting for 39.3% of the total effect ratio.ConclusionThe scores of career success and psychological resilience of female nurses in central China are at a moderate level, and craftsmanship plays a mediating role between psychological resilience and career success. It is suggested that nursing managers should pay attention to the importance of career success to nurses’ self-development and nursing team stability, and improve their sense of career success by effectively improving nurses’ psychological resilience and craftsmanship.
Characteristics of People Returned to Prison From Medium Secure Psychiatric Services in England and Wales: National Cohort Study
Authors: Leonard Sarah , Webb Roger T. , Doyle Michael , Shaw Jennifer 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundLittle is known about people who are admitted to medium secure services (MSSs) from prison, including characteristics and factors that influence clinical pathways and subsequent discharge. We recently published the first study to establish the circumstances by which MSS “prison-transfer” patients are returned to prison. Of particular concern was the finding that a quarter of prison-transfer patients were returned to prison by Responsible Medical Officers (RMOs) because they were not engaging with treatment or were deemed too “high risk” to remain detained within the services, circumstances that would be unacceptable when considering discharge via a community care pathway. It is important to further explore the characteristics of people admitted to MSSs from prison, and to investigate how these may differ for individuals who are returned to prison, as compared to those discharged into the community.Aim(a) To describe the characteristics of prison-transfers who receive an RMO directed discharge from MSSs; and (b) to compare these characteristics by discharge destination; prison return and community discharge.MethodsProspective cohort comparative study: all prison-transfer patients discharged under the instruction of their RMO over a 6-month period, from 33 NHS medium secure units across England and Wales. Data on patient demographic, clinical and legal characteristics were extracted via full patient health record review and collateral information from clinicians was also obtained. This information was used to complete The Historical, Clinical and Risk-−20 items (HCR-20v3) and The Structured Assessment of Protective Factors (SAPROF). Individuals who were returned to prison were compared with those who were discharged to the community.ResultsPersons returned to prison represented a vulnerable group at time of discharge as compared to those discharged into the community and had a significantly shorter length of stay in MSSs. Over half of those returned to prison had a length of stay of &lt;6 months. Individuals returned to prison displayed significantly more issues with psychological adjustment at time of discharge, and had a higher risk of future violence and a lower prevalence of protective factors that mitigate subsequent risks of relapse and reoffending.DiscussionMSs in England and Wales are returning vulnerable individuals to prison in lieu of adequate aftercare services. The role of and responsibilities of MSSs as regards admissions from prison needs to be reconsidered.
Behavioral Intentions and Factors Influencing Nurses' Care of COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Cui Feifei , Jin Yundan , Wu Haiying , Wang Rongting , Pan Xinling , Chen Shuainan , Jin Yanyan , Yao Meiqi , Fan Huiqiang , Xu Jing 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveBehavioral intentions to care for patients with infectious diseases are crucial for improving quality of care. However, there have been few studies of the behavioral intentions and factors influencing patient care by clinical nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore cognition, attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and behavioral intentions of clinical nurses while caring for COVID-19 patients and to explore any influencing factors.MethodA cross-sectional survey was conducted of nurses through convenience sampling in southeast China from February 2020 to March 2020. The questionnaire was developed based on the theory of planned behavior and self-efficacy.ResultsA total of 774 nurses completed the survey. Of these, 69.12% (535/774) reported positive behavioral intentions, 75.58% (585/774) reported a positive attitude, and 63.82% (494/774) reported having the confidence to care for patients. However, the lack of support from family and friends and special allowance affected their self-confidence. Attitude, self-efficacy, subjective norms, and ethical cognition were significantly positively correlated with behavioral intentions (r = 0.719, 0.690, 0.603, and 0.546, respectively, all P &lt; 0.001). Structural equation model showed that self-efficacy, attitude, ethical cognition, and subjective norms had positive effects on behavioral intentions (β = 0.402, 0.382, 0.091, and 0.066, respectively, P &lt; 0.01). The total effect of behavioral intentions was influenced by attitude, ethical cognition, self-efficacy, and subjective norms (β = 0.656, 0.630, 0.402, and 0.157, respectively, P &lt; 0.01). In addition, ethical cognition had a positive mediating effect on behavioral intentions (β = 0.539, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe study results indicated that attitude, ethical cognition, and self-efficacy were the main factors influencing nurses' behavioral intention. Efforts should be made to improve nurses' attitude and self-efficacy through ethical education and training to increase behavioral intentions to care for patients with infectious diseases, which will improve the quality of nursing care.
The Association Between Environmental and Social Factors and Myopia: A Review of Evidence From COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Limwattanayingyong Jirawut , Amornpetchsathaporn Anyarak , Chainakul Methaphon , Grzybowski Andrzej , Ruamviboonsuk Paisan 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo review the association between children's behavioral changes during the restriction due to the pandemic of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the development and progression of myopia.DesignA literature review.MethodWe looked for relevant studies related to 1) children's behavioral changes from COVID-19 restriction and 2) children's myopia progression during COVID-19 restriction by using the following keywords. They were “Behavior,” “Activity,” “COVID-19,” “Lockdown,” “Restriction,” and “Children” for the former; “Myopia,” “COVID-19,” “Lockdown,” “Restriction” for the latter. Titles, abstracts and full texts from the retrieved studies were screened and all relevant data were summarized, analyzed, and discussed.ResultsChildren were less active and more sedentary during COVID-19 restriction. According to five studies from China and six studies, each from Hong Kong, Spain, Israel, South Korea, Turkey and Taiwan included in our review, all countries without myopia preventive intervention supported the association between the lockdown and myopia progression by means of negative SER change ranging from 0.05–0.6 D, more negative SER change (compared post- to pre-lockdown) ranging from 0.71–0.98 D and more negative rate of SER changes (compared post- to pre-lockdown) ranging from 0.05–0.1 D/month. The reported factor that accelerated myopia is an increase in total near work, while increased outdoor activity is a protective factor against myopia progression.ConclusionThe pandemic of COVID-19 provided an unwanted opportunity to assess the effect of the behavioral changes and myopia in the real world. There is sufficient evidence to support the association between an increase in near work from home confinement or a reduction of outdoor activities and worsening of myopia during the COVID-19 lockdown. The findings from this review of data from the real world may help better understanding of myopia development and progression, which may lead to adjustment of behaviors to prevent myopia and its progression in the future.
The Evaluation of a SEER-Based Nomogram in Predicting the Survival of Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Therapy Followed by Esophagectomy
Authors: Wang Qing , Sun Zhiyong , Xu Xin , Ma Xiumei , Zhao Xiaojing , Ye Qing 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundA novel nomogram based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database has been developed to predict the survival of patients with esophageal carcinoma who received neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy and value of the nomogram with an external validation cohort.MethodsA total of 2,224 patients in SEER database were divided into the training cohort (n = 1556) and the internal validation cohort (n = 668), while 77 patients in our institute were enrolled in the external validation cohort. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to develop a nomogram based on the training cohort, while the C-indexes, the calibration curves, receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC), and Kaplan-Meier survival curve were applied in the internal and external validation cohort.ResultsFive independent risk factors were identified and integrated into the nomogram (C-index = 0.645, 95%CI 0.627–0.663). The nomogram exhibited good prognostic value in the internal validation cohort (C-index = 0.648 95%CI 0.622–0.674). However, the C-index, calibration plot, receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curve of the nomogram in the external validation cohort were not as good as the training and internal validation cohort (C-index = 0.584 95%CI 0.445–0.723). Further analysis demonstrated that the resection margin involvement (R0, R1, or R2 resection) was an independent risk factor for the patients, which was not included in the SEER cohort.Conclusionsthe nomogram based on the SEER database fails to accurately predict the prognosis of the patients in the external validation cohort, which can be caused by the absence of essential information from the SEER database.
Role of Yeasts on the Sensory Component of Wines
Authors: Romano Patrizia , Braschi Giacomo , Siesto Gabriella , Patrignani Francesca , Lanciotti Rosalba 
Published: June 2022

The aromatic complexity of a wine is mainly influenced by the interaction between grapes and fermentation agents. This interaction is very complex and affected by numerous factors, such as cultivars, degree of grape ripeness, climate, mashing techniques, must chemical–physical characteristics, yeasts used in the fermentation process and their interactions with the grape endogenous microbiota, process parameters (including new non-thermal technologies), malolactic fermentation (when desired), and phenomena occurring during aging. However, the role of yeasts in the formation of aroma compounds has been universally recognized. In fact, yeasts (as starters or naturally occurring microbiota) can contribute both with the formation of compounds deriving from the primary metabolism, with the synthesis of specific metabolites, and with the modification of molecules present in the must. Among secondary metabolites, key roles are recognized for esters, higher alcohols, volatile phenols, sulfur molecules, and carbonyl compounds. Moreover, some specific enzymatic activities of yeasts, linked above all to non-Saccharomyces species, can contribute to increasing the sensory profile of the wine thanks to the release of volatile terpenes or other molecules. Therefore, this review will highlight the main aroma compounds produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other yeasts of oenological interest in relation to process conditions, new non-thermal technologies, and microbial interactions.