bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of dyadic cognitive report and subjective cognitive decline in early ADRD clinical research and trials: Current knowledge, gaps, and recommendations
Authors: Nosheny Rachel L. , Amariglio Rebecca , Sikkes Sietske A.M. , Van Hulle Carol , Bicalho Maria Aparecida Camargos , Dowling N. Maritza , Brucki Sonia Maria Dozzi , Ismail Zahinoor , Kasuga Kensaku , Kuhn Elizabeth , Numbers Katya , Aaronson Anna , Moretti Davide Vito , Pereiro Arturo X. , Sánchez‐Benavides Gonzalo , Sellek Rodríguez Allis F. , Urwyler Prabitha , Zawaly Kristina ,   for the Dyadic Patterns of Subjective Report working group within the Subjective Cognitive Decline Professional Interest Area, Alzheimer's Association ISTAART
Published: October 2022

AbstractEfficient identification of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk in early stages of the AD disease continuum is a critical unmet need. Subjective cognitive decline is increasingly recognized as an early symptomatic stage of AD. Dyadic cognitive report, including subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) from a participant and an informant/study partner who knows the participant well, represents an accurate, reliable, and efficient source of data for assessing risk. However, the separate and combined contributions of self‐ and study partner report, and the dynamic relationship between the two, remains unclear. The Subjective Cognitive Decline Professional Interest Area within the Alzheimer's Association International Society to Advance Alzheimer's Research and Treatment convened a working group focused on dyadic patterns of subjective report. Group members identified aspects of dyadic‐report information important to the AD research field, gaps in knowledge, and recommendations. By reviewing existing data on this topic, we found evidence that dyadic measures are associated with objective measures of cognition and provide unique information in preclinical and prodromal AD about disease stage and progression and AD biomarker status. External factors including dyad (participant–study partner pair) relationship and sociocultural factors contribute to these associations. We recommend greater dyad report use in research settings to identify AD risk. Priority areas for future research include (1) elucidation of the contributions of demographic and sociocultural factors, dyad type, and dyad relationship to dyad report; (2) exploration of agreement and discordance between self‐ and study partner report across the AD syndromic and disease continuum; (3) identification of domains (e.g., memory, executive function, neuropsychiatric) that predict AD risk outcomes and differentiate cognitive impairment due to AD from other impairment; (4) development of best practices for study partner engagement; (5) exploration of study partner report as AD clinical trial endpoints; (6) continued development, validation, and optimization, of study partner report instruments tailored to the goals of the research and population.
Optimal delivery of poorly soluble drugs using electrospun nanofiber technology: Challenges, state of the art, and future directions
Authors: Pattnaik Satyanarayan , Swain Kalpana , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPoor aqueous solubility of both, existing drug molecules and those which are currently in the developmental stage, have posed a great challenge to pharmaceutical scientists because they often exhibit poor dissolution behavior and subsequent poor and erratic bioavailability. This has triggered extensive research to explore nanotechnology‐based technology platforms for possible rescue. Recently, nanofibers have been exploited widely for diverse biomedical applications including for drug delivery. Electrospun nanofibers are capable of preserving the homogeneously loaded therapeutic agents in amorphous state potentialy impairing devitrification. The present review aims at providing an overview of the various key factors that affect the electrospinning process and characteristics of the nanofibers while fabrication of drug loaded nanofibers for poorly soluble drug candidates. The review explores various methodological advancements in the electrospinning process and set‐ups for production scale‐up. The various types of electrospun nanofibers (like simple matrix, core‐sheath, Janus, and inclusion complex nanofibers) that have been exploited for the delivery of poorly soluble drugs are also critically assessed.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Chapter 13: Multivariate Analysis of Variation
Authors: Mathai Arak , Provost Serge , Haubold Hans 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGiven multivariate random samples originating from several Gaussian populations sharing the same covariance matrix, the one-way multivariate analysis of variation (also known as multivariate analysis of variance) technique enables one to test whether or not the population mean value vectors are equal. When a second set of treatments is also considered, the technique is referred to as MANOVA for the two-way classification. Test statistics are derived for the one- and two-way layouts. Additionally, a multivariate extension of the two-way classification is discussed.
Chapter 15: Cluster Analysis and Correspondence Analysis
Authors: Mathai Arak , Provost Serge , Haubold Hans 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCluster analysis is an exploratory technique that enables one to classify a set of multivariate observations into groups by maximizing their similarity within each group. Both hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods of clustering are discussed. The second subject being treated in this last chapter is correspondence analysis, which is a descriptive technique whereby relationships among categorical variables are examined. Two-way as well as multi-way contingency tables are considered, and alternative representations of Pearson’s chisquare statistic are also provided.
Improved site-specific mutagenesis in Rhodococcus opacus using a novel conditional suicide plasmid
Authors: Jain Garima , Ertesvåg Helga 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rhodococcus opacus PD630 is a biotechnologically important bacterium with metabolic capability for bioremediation, metal recovery, and storage of triacylglycerols. Genome editing by homologous recombination in R. opacus is hampered by a very low combined frequency of DNA transfer and recombination. To improve recombination in the species, a conjugative, conditional suicide plasmid based on the replicon derived from the Corynebacterium glutamicum plasmid pGA1 was constructed and evaluated in R. opacus. The replication of this plasmid is controlled by a dual inducible and repressible promoter system originally developed for Mycobacterium spp. Next, we demonstrated that a derivative of this plasmid containing sacB as a counterselection marker and homologous regions of R. opacus could be used for homologous recombination, and that the problem of obtaining recombinants had been solved. Like for other Corynebacteriales, the cell wall of Rhodococcus spp. contains mycolic acids which form a hydrophobic and impermeable outer layer. Mycolic acids are essential for Mycobacterium smegmatis, but not for Corynebacterium glutamicum, and the new vector was used to study if mycolic acid is essential for R. opacus. We found that accD3 that is necessary for mycolic acid synthesis could only be deleted from the chromosome in strains containing a plasmid-encoded copy of accD3. This indicates that mycolic acid is important for R. opacus viability. The conditional suicide vector should be useful for homologous recombination or for delivering gene products like recombinases or Cas proteins and gRNA to Rhodococcus and related genera, while the approach should be applicable for any plasmid needing a plasmid-encoded protein for replication.

Key points
• Improved vector for homologous recombination in R. opacus.
• Mycolic acid is important for survival of R. opacus like it is for Mycobacterium.
• Similar conditional suicide plasmids may be constructed for other bacteria.

Graphical abstract
Reinforcement learning as a basis for cross domain fusion of heterogeneous data
Authors: Christensen Sören , Tomforde Sven 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe propose to establish a research direction based on Reinforcement Learning in the scope of Cross Domain Fusion. More precisely, we combine the algorithmic approach of evolutionary rule-based Reinforcement Learning with the efficiency and performance of Deep Reinforcement Learning, while simultaneously developing a sound mathematical foundation. A possible scenario is traffic control in urban regions.
State-of-the-art CT and MR imaging and assessment of atherosclerotic carotid artery disease: the reporting—a consensus document by the European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology (ESCR)
Authors: Saba Luca , Loewe Christian , Weikert Thomas , Williams Michelle C. , Galea Nicola , Budde Ricardo P. J. , Vliegenthart Rozemarijn , Velthuis Birgitta K. , Francone Marco , Bremerich Jens , Natale Luigi , Nikolaou Konstantin , Dacher Jean-Nicolas , Peebles Charles , Caobelli Federico , Redheuil Alban , Dewey Marc , Kreitner Karl-Friedrich , Salgado Rodrigo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology (ESCR) is the European specialist society of cardiac and vascular imaging. This society’s highest priority is the continuous improvement, development, and standardization of education, training, and best medical practice, based on experience and evidence. The present intra-society consensus is based on the existing scientific evidence and on the individual experience of the members of the ESCR writing group on carotid diseases, the members of the ESCR guidelines committee, and the members of the executive committee of the ESCR. The recommendations published herein reflect the evidence-based society opinion of ESCR. The purpose of this second document is to discuss suggestions for standardized reporting based on the accompanying consensus document part I.

Key Points
• CT and MR imaging-based evaluation of carotid artery disease provides essential information for risk stratification and prediction of stroke.
• The information in the report must cover vessel morphology, description of stenosis, and plaque imaging features.
• A structured approach to reporting ensures that all essential information is delivered in a standardized and consistent way to the referring clinician.
The efficacy of the “Talk-to-Me” suicide prevention and mental health education program for tertiary students: a crossover randomised control trial
Authors: Afsharnejad Bahareh , Milbourn Ben , Hayden-Evans Maya , Baker-Young Ellie , Black Melissa H. , Thompson Craig , McGarry Sarah , Grobler Melissa , Clifford Rhonda , Zimmermann Frank , Kacic Viktor , Hasking Penelope , Bölte Sven , Romanos Marcel , Machingura Tawanda , Girdler Sonya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite suicide ideation being one of the most frequently reported health issues impacting tertiary students, there is a paucity of research evaluating the efficacy of preventive interventions aimed at improving mental health outcomes for students studying at two tertiary institutes. The current study evaluated the efficacy of the “Talk-to-Me” Mass Open Online Course (MOOC) in improving tertiary students’ abilities to support the mental health of themselves and their peers via a randomised controlled trial design, comparing them to a waitlist control group. Overall, 129 tertiary students (M = 25.22 years, SD = 7.43; 80% female) undertaking a health science or education course at two Western Australian universities were randomly allocated to either “Talk-to-Me” (n = 66) or waitlist control (n = 63) groups. The participants’ responses to suicidal statements (primary outcome), knowledge of mental health, generalised self-efficacy, coping skills, and overall utility of the program (secondary outcomes) were collected at three timepoints (baseline 10-weeks and 24-weeks from baseline). Assessment time and group interaction were explored using a random-effects regression model, examining changes in the primary and secondary outcomes. Intention-to-treat analysis (N = 129) at 10-weeks demonstrated a significant improvement in generalised self-efficacy for “Talk-to-Me” compared to the control group (ES = 0.36, p = .04), with only the “Talk-to-Me” participants reporting increased knowledge in responding to suicidal ideation (primary outcome). This change was sustained for 24 weeks. Findings provide preliminary evidence suggesting that the “Talk-to-Me” MOOC can effectively improve tertiary students’ mental health and knowledge of how to support themselves and others in distress. ACTRN12619000630112, registered 18-03-2019, anzctr.org.au.
The energy threshold in dynamic probing
Authors: Ibanez Sergio J. , Sagaseta Cesar , Fernandez del Rincon Alfonso 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn dynamic probing tests, penetration is closely related to the potential energy of the hammer (nominal energy). This energy stems from the mass and free fall of the hammer after being released from a certain height. Penetration depends on energy, although only on a portion of that nominal energy that is effectively transferred to the rods (ENTHRU) and, more precisely, the energy that reaches the cone (ENTHRUcone).ENTHRUcan be measured by monitoring the upper part of the drive rods. To calculateENTHRUcone,ENTHRUneeds to be corrected in three ways. Firstly, the energy loss in the energy transmission through the rods has to be subtracted, as well as the energy loss due to the skin friction of the rods along the soil around them. It is also necessary to add the energy due to the rod weight penetrating the soil. The main hypothesis assumed and later experimentally proved in this paper is based on the fact thatENTHRUconehas to be greater than a certain value or minimum energy (energy threshold:Th) in order to be able to cause penetration. After analyzing more than one hundred blows with different hammer mass and drop height, a small but consistentThand a linear relationship between energy and penetration beyond it were found. The energy that really produces penetration (ENPEN) will beENTHRUcone, minusTh. This allows for improved energy corrections and correlations between results from various kinds of penetration tests.
Decompression with or without fusion in degenerative adjacent segment stenosis after lumbar fusions
Authors: Früh Anton , Leißa Patrick , Tkatschenko Dimitri , Truckenmüller Peter , Wessels Lars , Vajkoczy Peter , Bayerl Simon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Adjacent segment stenosis can occur after lumbar fusion surgery, leading to significant discomfort and pain. If further surgeries are required, the choice of the operative technique is an individual decision. In patients without over instability, it is still uncertain whether patients with adjacent spinal stenosis should be treated like primary lumbar spinal stenosis via decompressive surgery alone or with decompression and fusion. This is a retrospective analysis with prospective collected data. We included patients with adjacent segment stenosis after lumbar fusion. Patients with spinal deformity and/or obvious instability and/or significant neuroforaminal stenosis were excluded. All patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical technique that has been used: (a) treated via microsurgical decompression (MDG), (b) decompression and fusion of the adjacent segment (FG). Treatment decision was at discretion of the surgeon. Primary outcome was the need for further lumbar surgery after 1 year. In addition, patient reported outcome was measured via numerical rating scale (NRS), SF-36, Oswestry disability Index (ODI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and General Depression Scale before and after 1 year after surgery. In a further follow-up, need for additional lumbar surgery was redetermined. Total study population was 37 patients with a median age of 72 years. A total of 86.1% of patients suffered from a proximal adjacent segment stenosis and most common level was L3/4 (51.4%). A total of 61.1% of included patients developed adjacent segment stenosis after fusion of one single lumbar segment. Eighteen patients were included in MDG and 19 patients in FG. Both groups benefited from surgical interventions and there was no significant difference concerning pain, pain associated disability, sleeping, life quality, and mood after 1 year or the need of follow-up surgeries 1 year after primary fusion (5 in MDG vs. 5 in FG, p = 0.92) and at the second follow-up with a median time after surgery of 30 months (6 in MDG vs. 7 in FG, p = 0.823). Duration of surgery and hospital stay was significant shorter in MDG. There was no difference concerning operative complications rate. Both groups improved significantly in pain associated disability index, pain in motion, and concerning the sleeping quality. The present study indicates that decompression may not be inferior to decompression and fusion in patients suffering from degenerative adjacent segment stenosis without obvious signs of instability, deformation, and neuroforaminal stenosis after lumbar fusion in short-term follow-up. Due to significant shorter time of surgery, a pure microsurgical decompression may be a sufficient alternative to a decompression and fusion, particular regarding old age of this patient cohort.
Wisdom of the contexts: active ensemble learning for contextual anomaly detection
Authors: Calikus Ece , Nowaczyk Sławomir , Bouguelia Mohamed-Rafik , Dikmen Onur 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn contextual anomaly detection, an object is only considered anomalous within a specific context. Most existing methods use a single context based on a set of user-specified contextual features. However, identifying the right context can be very challenging in practice, especially in datasets with a large number of attributes. Furthermore, in real-world systems, there might be multiple anomalies that occur in different contexts and, therefore, require a combination of several “useful” contexts to unveil them. In this work, we propose a novel approach, called wisdom of the contexts (WisCon), to effectively detect complex contextual anomalies in situations where the true contextual and behavioral attributes are unknown. Our method constructs an ensemble of multiple contexts, with varying importance scores, based on the assumption that not all useful contexts are equally so. We estimate the importance of each context using an active learning approach with a novel query strategy. Experiments show that WisCon significantly outperforms existing baselines in different categories (i.e., active learning methods, unsupervised contextual and non-contextual anomaly detectors) on 18 datasets. Furthermore, the results support our initial hypothesis that there is no single perfect context that successfully uncovers all kinds of contextual anomalies, and leveraging the “wisdom” of multiple contexts is necessary.
Prioritized scheduling technique for healthcare tasks in cloud computing
Authors: Elshahed Eman M. , Abdelmoneem Randa M. , Shaaban Eman , Elzahed Hayam A. , Al-Tabbakh Shahinaz M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Internet-of-things (IoT) plays a significant role in healthcare monitoring, where the IoT Cloud integration introduces many new opportunities for real-time remote monitoring of the patient. Task scheduling is one of the major challenges in cloud environment. Solving that problem reduces delay, missed tasks, and failure rate, and increases the guarantee ratio. This paper proposes a new task scheduling and allocation technique: Prioritized Sorted Task-Based Allocation (PSTBA) for healthcare monitoring implemented in IoT cloud-based architecture. The proposed technique selects the best virtual machine to execute the health task considering multiple factors such as; the wait time of the VM and the Expected processing time (EPT) of the task as well as its criticality. An extensive simulation study is conducted using the CloudSim simulator to evaluate the performance of the proposed technique. The proposed technique is compared to the Sorted Task-Based Allocation (STBA) and FCFS techniques and it reduces the delay by 13.7% and 80.2%, the failure rate by 21% and 37.5%, and increases the guarantee ratio by 2.2% and 4.5% compared to STBA and FCFS, respectively. In analyzing the critical health tasks, the proposed PSTBA has also reduced the critical health tasks missed ratio by 15.7% and 50.9% compared to STBA and FCFS, respectively. The simulation results demonstrate that PSTBA is more effective than the STBA and FCFS techniques in terms of delay, missed critical tasks, guarantee ratio, and failure rate.
Estimating Design Loads for Floating Structures Using Environmental Contours
Authors: Liao Zhenkun , Zhao Yuliang , Dong Sheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNonlinear time-domain simulations are often used to predict the structural response at the design stage to ensure the acceptable operation and/or survival of floating structures under extreme conditions. An environmental contour (EC) is commonly employed to identify critical sea states that serve as the input for numerical simulations to assess the safety and performance of marine structures. In many studies, marginal and conditional distributions are defined to construct bivariate joint probability distributions for variables, such as significant wave height and zero-crossing period. Then, ECs can be constructed using the inverse first-order reliability method (IFORM). This study adopts alternative models to describe the generalized dependence structure between environmental variables using copulas and discusses the Nataf transformation as a special case. ECs are constructed using measured wave data from moored buoys. Derived design loads are applied on a semisubmersible platform to assess possible differences. In addition, a linear interpolation scheme is utilized to establish a parametric model using short-term extreme tension distribution parameters and wave data, and the long-term tension response is estimated using Monte Carlo simulation. A 3D IFORM-based approach, in which the short-term extreme response that is ignored in the EC approach is used as the third variable, is proposed to help establish accurate design loads with increased accuracy. Results offer a clear illustration of the extreme responses of floating structures based on different models.