bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing Achievements Through Increasing Collaboration in Ocean Sciences Research
Authors: Sharuga Stephanie M. , Elliton Courtney E. , Easterday Jacy M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOcean sciences research is highly complex and requires large investments of time and funding. There is global recognition that collaboration, partnerships, and sharing of resources are key in ocean sciences research. Collaborations among government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, academia, and industry are underutilized, leading to unnecessary duplication of research efforts, missed opportunities, and inefficient use of funding and time. One of the underpinnings of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030) is the generation of scientific knowledge, infrastructure, and partnerships needed for sustainable development of the ocean. This was also a major theme at the 2022 Ocean Sciences Meeting, where a town hall and workshop event were held to discuss challenges and barriers to collaboration in ocean sciences research and possible opportunities and solutions that exist to address them. The goal was to foster discussions among a diverse group of individuals from a variety of organizations on how to advance achievements in ocean sciences through increasing collaboration. This article summarizes discussion from the events, along with written comments and survey results from the participants.
The Strain‐Modulated Single‐Mode Laser of Perovskite Microsheets with Grooves on Ultrathin Flexible Mica
Authors: Zhang Jian , Lu Xinle , Sun Liaoxin , Liu Qingquan , Zhao Xinchao , Ma Lei , Ge Anping , Wang Shaowei , Shen Xuechu , Lu Wei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInorganic perovskites have become a widely investigated candidate for fabrication of high‐performance micro‐devices due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and stability to the environment. Especially, their excellent lasing characteristics as a micro/nanolaser source, combined with flexible substrates, have great potential in the field of wearable or foldable photonic device applications. Here, the high‐quality CsPbBr3 perovskite microsheets with stress‐induced grooves are directly prepared on the ultrathin fluorine mica by the chemical vapor deposition method, and the single‐mode lasers are realized in these large‐size (>15 × 15 µm) microsheets. Thanks to the flexibility of mica, bending induced tensile strain on CsPbBr3 microsheet causes the laser mode blueshift continuously and reversibly with 15.3 meV %−1, this can be well explained by the Lorentz oscillator model under lasing conditions. Furthermore, by using the first‐principles calculation, it is clarified that the bandedge blueshift originates from the distortion of {PbBr6}4− octahedra and the consequential increase of the bond length of Pb‐Br3 and the Pb‐Br3‐Pb bond angle. This work opens up a new way to realize on‐chip single‐mode lasers with microstructures, and is helpful for the application of flexible photonic device in the fields of integrated on‐chip sensors.
Consistent Abnormalities in Metabolic Patterns of Lewy Body Dementias
Authors: Lu Jiaying , Ge Jingjie , Chen Keliang , Sun Yimin , Liu Fengtao , Yu Huan , Xu Qian , Li Ling , Ju Zizhao , Lin Huamei , Guan Yihui , Guo Qihao , Wang Jian , Zuo Chuantao , Wu Ping 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundWhether dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease (PD) dementia (PDD) represent the same disease, distinct entities, or conditions within the same spectrum remains controversial.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to provide new insight into this debate by separately identifying disease‐specific metabolic patterns and comparing them with each other and with previously established PD‐related pattern (PDRP).MethodsPatients with DLB (n = 67), patients with PDD (n = 50), and healthy control subjects (HCs; n = 15) with brain 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography were enrolled as cohorts A and B for pattern identification and validation, respectively. Patients with PD (n = 30) were included for discrimination. Twenty‐one participants had two scans. The principal component analysis was applied for pattern identification (DLB‐related pattern [DLBRP], PDD‐related pattern [PDDRP]). Similarities and differences among three patterns were assessed by pattern topography, pattern expression, clinical correlations cross‐sectionally, and pattern expression changes longitudinally.ResultsDLBRP and PDDRP shared highly similar topographies, with relative hypometabolism mainly in the middle temporal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, lingual gyrus, precuneus, cuneus, angular gyrus, superior and inferior parietal gyrus, middle and inferior frontal gyrus, cingulate, and caudate, and relative hypermetabolism in the cerebellum, putamen, thalamus, precentral/postcentral gyrus, and paracentral lobule, which were more extensive than the PDRP. Patients with DLB and PDD could not be distinguished successfully by any pattern, but patients with PD were easily recognized, especially by DLBRP and PDDRP. The pattern expression of DLBRP and PDDRP showed similar efficacy in cross‐sectional disease severity assessment and longitudinal progression monitoring.ConclusionsThe consistent abnormalities in metabolic patterns of DLB and PDD might underline the potential continuum across the clinical spectrum from PD to DLB. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Low‐cost compact omnidirectional antenna for tri‐band Wi‐Fi 6E applications
Authors: Cao Zhongyao , Wei Kunpeng , Zhang Zhijun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a low‐cost compact omnidirectional antenna is presented. By directly folding a rectangular‐shaped copper plate into an open‐loop structure, two resonant modes are generated for tri‐band operation. The shape of the rectangular has the highest yield in stamping processes for massive production. Two shorting stubs are loaded symmetrically to reduce the height of the antenna while keeping omnidirectional radiation. Moreover, a compact ground is utilized, making it more suitable to be installed on the PCB of routers. To validate the design, a prototype has been fabricated and measured. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidths are 2.38–2.52 GHz (4.90%) and 4.16–7.40 GHz (56.06%). The gain variation in the whole operating band is less than 2.5 dB. The antenna profile and ground size are miniaturized to 0.14λ0 and 0.52λ0, respectively. The proposed antenna is a good candidate for Wi‐Fi 6 and 6E routers, with the merits of low cost, compact size, and ease of massive production.
Mixed economy and dried foods: Dental indicators reveal Heishuiguo Han Dynasty population's environmental adaptation to the semi‐arid region of northwestern China
Authors: Xiong Jianxue , Chen Guoke , Yang Yishi , Meng Hailiang , Storozum Michael , Allen Edward , Wang Hui , Wen Shaoqing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSituated in the middle Hexi corridor, a vital passage of the ancient Silk Road, the Heishuiguo site was a military town on the northwestern frontier of the Han Dynasty (202 BCE–220 CE). To understand the lifestyle of the Heishuiguo population, levels of dental caries and tooth wear were assessed. Archaeological findings and historical records revealed a mixed subsistence strategy dependent upon agricultural production and domesticated animals at Heishuiguo. This was also supported by evidence from stable isotope analysis. Teeth are an excellent material for the reconstruction of ancient diet, subsistence strategies, and social behavior. The rate of dental caries in the Heishuiguo population fell into the range of mixed economic population. Tooth wear analysis, however, shows a conflicting result. Anterior tooth wear is particularly severe at Heishuiguo, indicating subsistence practices similar to hunter‐gatherers and modern Xinjiang Kazakhs. As a major Han garrison, the majority of the Heishuiguo populace were either immigrants or the descendants of immigrants. Their diet, with rich nutritional value, portability, and adapted to long‐term preservation needs, suited environmental requirements at Heishuiguo. However, these foods generally required heavier use of cutting and tearing motions with the anterior teeth. Frequent occlusion (alignment) as a result of such actions resulted in severe tooth wear. Such tooth wear may be attributed to a preference for tough, dry foods, such asnangcake along the Heishuiguo population, as well abundant meat consumption. Such a dietary culture resulted from the hot and dry climate, complex geographical conditions, and abundant resources at Heishuiguo. The result was that a unique lifestyle and dietary culture gradually formed at Heishuiguo due to this creative adaptation to the local environment.
Severe traumatic lesions in the Late Neolithic cattle from the site of At‐Vršac, Serbia
Authors: Marković Nemanja , Bulatović Jelena , Krstić Nikola , Marinković Darko , Pantović Ivana , Russell Nerissa , Rothschild Bruce , Marić Miroslav 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to assess the etiology and differential diagnosis of severe pathological lesions in wild and domestic cattle from the Late Neolithic site of At‐Vršac in the northeast part of the present‐day Serbia. Excavations of this multilayered site revealed the remains of a Late Neolithic settlement belonging to the Vinča culture network of the Central Balkans. An aurochs metacarpal bone, two domestic cattle fragments of fused ulna and radius and of tibia, all with massive bone proliferations were recovered during the archaeological excavations in 1976. Paleopathological study was undertaken using an interdisciplinary approach, including AMS dating, radiography, computed tomography (CT), and histopathology. The results show severe oblique healed fracture with secondary pronounced bone reaction in the aurochs metacarpal bone and in the domestic cattle ulna–radius, while traumatic alteration infected with disseminated osteomyelitis was found in the domestic cattle tibia. These pathologies of wild and domestic cattle are discussed to reveal the level of environmental and human influence on the origin and development of the lesions in the Late Neolithic cattle.
Optimization of electromagnetic shielding and mechanical properties of reduced graphene oxide/polyurethane composite foam
Authors: Oraby Hussein , Naeem Ibrahim , Darwish Mohammad , Senna Magdy H. , Tantawy Hesham Ramzy 
Published: July 2022

AbstractReduced graphene oxide (RGO) is an effective polymer filler for shielding against electromagnetic interference (EMI). Its shielding efficiency rises as its concentration in polymer matrices increases. However, higher filler loading impedes polymer foaming and deteriorates the mechanical properties of the resulting foam. The goal of this work is to determine the optimal RGO concentration that can be loaded into polyurethane (PU) matrix to produce a composite foam with a high level of electromagnetic shielding along with good mechanical properties. To that end, different PU foam samples containing varying amounts of RGO were synthesized. The synthesized samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infra‐red (FT/IR) and universal testing machine. Furthermore, the shielding efficiency of the samples was measured using a vector network analyzer over the frequency range of 8–12 GHz. The results revealed that the increase in RGO concentration enhances the mechanical and thermal properties of the prepared composite foam materials. The shielding effectiveness reached −23 dB at 5 wt% RGO concentration. The polyurethane‐RGO composite foam materials have been identified as potentially viable materials for use in electromagnetic shielding applications.
Effects of preoperative walking on bowel function recovery for patients undergoing gynecological malignancy laparoscopy
Authors: Xia Xiaoli , Ding Guirong , Shi Lingyun , Wang Meixiang , Tian Jing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo investigate effects of preoperative walking on bowel function recovery for patients after gynecological malignancy laparoscopy. The 156 patients with gynecoligical cancers after laparoscopy in Jiangsu from June 2020 to September 2021 were selected as research subjects, who were randomized into an experimental group (n = 78) and a control group (n = 78). Both of the groups received routine nursing care during the study. In addition, the experimental group underwent low‐moderate intensity walking exercise 1 week before surgery. The bowel function (including the time of first defecation, the time of first passage of flatus/”gas‐out time” and the recovery time of bowel sound), adverse events (nausea, vomiting abdominal distension and abdominal pain), as well as postoperative complications (ileus symptoms, deep venous thrombosis, infections and etc.), were measured daily. The time of first defecation, the time of first passage of flatus and the recovery time of bowel sound in experimental group were less than the control group after treatment (p < .05). Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the adverse reactions (nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, and ileus symptoms) of the experimental group were weaker than those of the control group at different time points after the intervention (p < .05). Walking before surgery can effectively promote the recovery of bowel function and reduce the adverse reactions, as well as the risk of ileus related to gynecological malignancy laparoscopy.
Ventdef: A new engineering model for vented gas deflagration based on NFPA 68 (2018)
Authors: Shen Amy , Miller Derek 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHydrogen production and storage equipment are often located inside confined enclosures such as containers or buildings. Deflagration vent panels are one of the most common and simplest methods to mitigate the consequences of gas deflagrations in confined systems. There are well‐established methods for sizing vent panels, such as the National Fire Protection Association standard NFPA 68, but these are often challenging to apply to hydrogen (a highly reactive gas) if the conservative worst stoichiometric fuel/air concentration is used. This paper presents a new engineering model, Ventdef, based on NFPA 68 (2018) and applied section 7.2.3.2 in NFPA 68 (2018) for the calculations of Su and Pmax using actual gas concentrations. In addition, Ventdef also predicts overpressure external to the deflagration vent and has a new, less conservative method for predicting the size of the external fireball. The model is validated against a series of recent full‐scale hydrogen confined volume deflagration tests performed under the EU‐funded project “Improving hydrogen safety for energy applications through pre‐normative research on vented deflagrations” (HySEA). Since the modifications to NFPA 68 are based on combustion fundamentals, the approach should be equally applicable to other flammable gases.
Strain effects on electronic, optical properties and carriers mobility of Cs2SnI6 vacancy‐ordered double perovskite: A promising photovoltaic material
Authors: Rezini Billel , Seddik Taieb , Mouacher Readh , Vu Tuan V. , Batouche Mohammed , Khyzhun Oleg Y. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPerovskite halides have attracted substantial attention as materials for solar cell applications because of their fascinating optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties. We report the results of the first‐principles calculations of the strain effects on electronic and optical properties and carrier mobility of vacancy‐ordered Cs2SnI6 double perovskite. The calculated band gap energy of unstrained Cs2SnI6 is about 1.257 eV when using the Tran‐Blaha modified Becke Johnson (mBJ) exchange potential, which is in good agreement with experimental measurements. Under the applied strains, the energy band gap value increases up to 1.316 eV for −4% compressive strain and decreases to 1.211 eV for 4% tensile strain. This effect is mainly due to the fact that the conduction band minimum shifts under compressive and tensile strains. Based on carrier mobility calculations, we notice that under tensile strain the hole and electron carrier mobility diminish, whereas the carrier mobility increases by 16.3% for electrons and by 9.1% for holes under −4% compressive strain. Moreover, data of the calculated optical constants indicate that applied strains can affect the optical properties of Cs2SnI6 perovskite.
Structure‐from‐motion photogrammetry demonstrates that fine‐scale seascape heterogeneity is essential in shaping mesophotic fish assemblages
Authors: Swanborn Denise J. B. , Stefanoudis Paris V. , Huvenne Veerle A. I. , Pittman Simon J. , Woodall Lucy C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBenthic components of tropical mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) are home to diverse fish assemblages, but the effect of multiscale spatial benthic characteristics on MCE fish is not well understood. To investigate the influence of fine‐scale benthic seascape structure and broad‐scale environmental characteristics on MCE fish, we surveyed fish assemblages in Seychelles at 30, 60 and 120 m depth using submersible video transects. Spatial pattern metrics from seascape ecology were applied to quantify fine‐scale benthic seascape composition, configuration and terrain morphology from structure‐from‐motion photogrammetry and multibeam echosounder bathymetry and to explore seascape–fish associations. Hierarchical clustering using fish abundance and biomass data identified four distinct assemblages separated by the depth and geographic location, but also significantly influenced by variations in fine‐scale seascape structure. Results further revealed variable responses of assemblage characteristics (fish biomass, abundance, trophic group richness, Shannon diversity) to seascape heterogeneity at different depths. Sites with steep slopes and high terrain complexity hosted higher fish abundance and biomass, with shallower fish assemblages (30–60 m) positively associated with aggregated patch mixtures of coral, rubble, sediment and macroalgae with variable patch shapes. Deeper fish assemblages (120 m) were positively associated with relief and structural complexity and local variability in the substratum and benthic cover. Our study demonstrates the potential of spatial pattern metrics quantifying benthic composition, configuration and terrain structure to delineate mesophotic fish–habitat associations. Furthermore, incorporating a finer‐scale perspective proved valuable to explain the compositional patterns of MCE fish assemblages. As developments in marine surveying and monitoring of MCEs continue, we suggest that future studies incorporating spatial pattern metrics with multiscale remotely sensed data can provide insights will that are both ecologically meaningful to fish and operationally relevant to conservation strategies.
Synthesis of Bifunctional Tris‐Dendrimers Conjugated with Ibuprofen and Naproxen
Authors: Pedro‐Hernández Luis Daniel , Ramirez‐Ápan Teresa , Martínez‐García Marcos 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe report the synthesis of bifunctional AB2C dendrimers with tris(hydroxymethyl)‐aminomethane (Tris) conjugates with ibuprofen or naproxen within the interior and hydroxy groups on the periphery. Their postfunctionalization was investigated utilizing triethylene glycol monomethyl ether derivative. All the Tris‐dendrimers were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR in one and two dimensions. In addition, the anticancer activity tests showed that the conjugates of first generation with ibuprofen were active against human prostate cancer PC‐3 and human lung adenocarcinoma SKLU‐1 cancer cells. The conjugates of second generation with ibuprofen were less active than the first generation. The first generation naproxen conjugates were active against four cancer cell lines, and the second generation with naproxen were less active than the first generation. The conjugate of first generation with naproxen showed high anticancer activity, like the activity of cisplatin, but less toxic against healthy COS‐7 cells.
Effect of Solar and Artificial Radiation on Elaidinization and Degradation of Z‐Bixin Extracted from Bixa Orellana Seeds
Authors: Eliecer Cárdenas Oswaldo , Vega‐Rodríguez Sarai , Cárdenas‐Chaparro Agobardo , De Leon‐Rodriguez Antonio , de Loera Denisse 
Published: July 2022

AbstractZ‐bixin is the main metabolite contained in Achiote, which is widely used as a food condiment and pigment. Z‐bixin plays an important role in photosynthesis. It is used to develop artificial solar cells and scavenge radical oxygen and nitrogen species. In this work, the photochemistry of Z‐bixin with solar irradiation and lamps at 365 and 410 nm was determined in solution. The ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐Vis) and Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) analysis showed that elaidinization of Z‐bixin to E‐bixin can be reached under radiation. This is in accordance with the computational evaluation that indicates that the mechanism consists of three bond rotations with an energy requirement of 5.43 and 5.23 kcal/mol for the first and second steps and no energy barriers to the last step. After elaidinization, total degradation was observed through a cascade reaction that generated CO, CO2, H2CO, and HCl.
Retracted: Functionalization of 2‐Amino‐4‐chloropyridine as Potential In Vitro Inhibitors of Urease Enzyme: Synthesis, Kinetics and In Silico Studies
Authors: Siddiqui Hina , Qureshi Aaminat , Khan Majid , Wahab Atia‐tul , Iqbal Choudhary Muhammad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUrease inhibition is therapeutically important for the treatment of diseases such as peptic and duodenal ulcers, and urolithiasis (kidney stone disease) caused by the ureolytic bacteria. Functionalization of 2‐amino‐4‐chloropyridine scaffold was conducted by using single step chemical transformation to yield thiourea, and imine derivatives (1–35). Among these, compounds 3, and 16–35 were identified as new compounds. All analogous exhibited significant urease inhibition activity with IC50 in the range of 8.36–55.8 μM. Acetohydroxamic acid (IC50=20.4±0.23 μM) was used as standard. All synthesized compounds were characterized by using spectroscopic techniques such as 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, NOESY, COSY, HMBC, HSQC, IR, UV, and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, kinetic studies were performed in order to determine the mode of interaction of these compounds with urease enzyme. Molecular docking and kinetic studies revealed that the compounds 25, and 26 are competitive inhibitors of urease enzyme. All the compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against normal cell line and were found to be non‐cytotoxic.
Triethylamine Catalyzed Reductive CO2 to Form N‐Formylation of Amines and Hydrazides
Authors: Wei Xiu‐Zhi , Lu Qiqi , Liu Jianguo , Ma Longlong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCarbon dioxide was one of the main green‐house gas, using CO2 as a C1 source to produce functional chemicals can relieve environmental issues. With the development of the N‐formylation reaction of amines under a CO2 atmosphere, a promising route for the synthesis of diacylhydrazines is the N‐formylation of hydrazide with CO2 in the presence of a reducing agent. Triethylamine (TEA) is an organic base commonly used in organic synthesis, which has a low boiling point to easily separated from the system by decompression distillation. We herein describe TEA‐ catalyzed selective N‐formylation of amines/ hydrazide using CO2 and NaBH4 to construct various formamide and N′‐formyl‐hydrazide. Utilizing N‐formylation of amines reaction to tune the reaction solvent, base, and temperature given a lower boiling catalyst and solvent system and the product can be separated easily. The selective synthesis method of formamides is achieved in good yields, which is also equally adapted to hydrazides. Finally, 1,3,4‐oxadiazole skeleton having synthetic drugs and material application was obtained by cyclization of N′‐formyl‐hydrazide.