bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating root architectural differences in lines of Arabidopsis thaliana. L. with altered stomatal density using high resolution X-Ray synchrotron imaging
Authors: Mawodza Tinashe , Menon Manoj , Muringai Nancy , Magdysyuk Oxana V. , Burca Genoveva , Casson Stuart 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Freshwater is an increasingly scarce natural resource, essential for agricultural production. As plants consume 70% of the world’s freshwater, a reduction in their water use would greatly reduce global water scarcity. Plants with improved Water Use Efficiency (WUE) such as those with altered expression of the Epidermal Patterning Factor (EPF) family of genes regulating stomatal density, could help reduce plant water footprint. Little however, is known about how this modification in Arabidopsis thaliana. L. affects root architectural development in soil, thus we aim to improve our understanding of root growth when stomatal density is altered.

Methods
We used X-Ray synchrotron and neutron imaging to measure in three dimensions, the root system architecture (RSA) of Arabidopsis thaliana. L. plants of three different genotypes, namely that of the wild type Columbia (Col 0) and two different EPF mutants, EPF2OE and epf2-1 (which show reduced and increased stomatal density, respectively). We also used the total biomass and carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) methods to determine how WUE varies in these genotypes when grown in a sandy loam soil under controlled conditions.

Results
Our results confirm that the EPF2OE line had superior WUE as compared to the wild type using both the Δ and total biomass method. The epf2-1 mutant, on the other hand, had significantly reduced WUE using the Δ but not with the biomass method. In terms of root growth, the RSAs of the different genotypes had no significant difference between each other. There was also no significant difference in rhizosphere porosity around their roots as compared to bulk soil for all genotypes.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that the EPF mutation altering stomatal density in Arabidopsis thaliana. L. plants did not have an adverse effect on root characteristics thus their wide adoption to reduce the global freshwater footprint is unlikely to compromise their soil foraging ability.
Das Netz und die Netze. Vom Wandel des Internets und der globalen digitalen Ordnung
Authors: Pohle Julia , Voelsen Daniel 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungBis heute birgt das Internet das Versprechen, alle Menschen in einem globalen Kommunikationsnetz horizontal zu vereinen. Doch seit einigen Jahren gibt es Bemühungen autoritärer wie demokratischer Staaten, sowohl digitale Anwendungen als auch die physischen und technischen Infrastrukturen des Internets ihrem souveränen Zugriff zu unterwerfen. Und auch die „Big Tech“-Unternehmen versuchen zunehmend, „ihren“ digitalen Raum exklusiv zu kontrollieren. In der Folge mehren sich die Warnungen vor einer möglichen Fragmentierung des Internets. Um diese Warnungen einzuordnen, bedient sich der Beitrag der Netzwerktheorie und zeichnet die Konflikte und Entwicklungen nach, die das Internet seit den frühen Visionen der Internet-Exzeptionalisten in den 1990er-Jahren bis zu aktuellen Souveränitätsbestrebungen geprägt haben. Es wird sichtbar, dass sowohl Staaten als auch Unternehmen seit einiger Zeit eine fundamentale Rekonfiguration der globalen digitalen Ordnung herbeizuführen versuchen. Ihr Bemühen, die Macht über Teilnetze zu festigen, verändert dabei auch die Strukturen des globalen Netzes und geht mit einer Stärkung autoritärer Ordnungsvorstellungen einher. Vor der Kontrastfolie der kosmopolitisch-liberalen Vision eines global geeinten Netzes stellt sich dies zwar als Fragmentierung dar. Der netzwerktheoretische Zugriff macht jedoch deutlich, warum die Pluralisierung des Internets noch nicht mit dessen Fragmentierung gleichzusetzen ist.
What’s in a resource gradient? Comparing alternative cues for foraging in dynamic environments via movement, perception, and memory
Authors: Fagan William F. , Saborio Cole , Hoffman Tyler D. , Gurarie Eliezer , Cantrell Robert Stephen , Cosner Chris 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConsumers must track and acquire resources in complex landscapes. Much discussion has focused on the concept of a ‘resource gradient’ and the mechanisms by which consumers can take advantage of such gradients as they navigate their landscapes in search of resources. However, the concept of tracking resource gradients means different things in different contexts. Here, we take a synthetic approach and consider six different definitions of what it means to search for resources based on density or gradients in density. These include scenarios where consumers change their movement behavior based on the density of conspecifics, on the density of resources, and on spatial or temporal gradients in resources. We also consider scenarios involving non-local perception and a form of memory. Using a continuous space, continuous time model that allows consumers to switch between resource-tracking and random motion, we investigate the relative performance of these six different strategies. Consumers’ success in matching the spatiotemporal distributions of their resources differs starkly across the six scenarios. Movement strategies based on perception and response to temporal (rather than spatial) resource gradients afforded consumers with the best opportunities to match resource distributions. All scenarios would allow for optimization of resource-matching in terms of the underlying parameters, providing opportunities for evolutionary adaptation, and links back to classical studies of foraging ecology.
HPLC–DAD Analysis, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Aromatic Herb Melissa officinalis L., Aerial Parts Extracts
Authors: Abdellatif Fahima , Begaa Samir , Messaoudi Mohammed , Benarfa Adel , Ouakouak Hamza , Hassani Aicha , Sawicka Barbara , Simal Gandara Jesus 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn order to enhance natural products value, Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) aerial part (leaves) has been studied in this work. Hence, the objective of this study is to determine the chemical composition of the studied plant polyphenols extracts using HPLC/DAD, as well as evaluate their flavonoid extracts’ antioxidant and antimicrobial activities using DPPH• and disk diffusion methods, respectively. The results of phenols chemical composition showed the existence of two phenolic acids, five flavonic aglycones and six heterosides, while the biologic results of the plant flavonoid extracts exhibited the existence of a good antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
Exploring How People with Expressive Aphasia Interact with and Perceive a Social Robot
Authors: van Minkelen Peggy , Krahmer Emiel , Vogt Paul 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPeople with aphasia need high-intensive language training to significantly improve their language skills, however practical barriers arise. Socially assistive robots have been proposed as a possibility to provide additional language training. However, it is yet unknown how people with aphasia perceive interacting with a social robot, and which factors influence this interaction. The aim of this study was to gain insight in how people with mild to moderate chronic expressive aphasia perceived interacting with the social robot NAO, and to explore what needs and requisites emerged. A total of 11 participants took part in a single online semi-structured interaction, which was analysed using observational analysis, thematic analysis, and post-interaction questionnaire. The findings show that participants overall felt positive towards using the social robot NAO. Moreover, they perceived NAO as enjoyable, useful, and to a lesser extent easy to use. This exploratory study provides a tentative direction for the intention of people with mild to moderate chronic expressive aphasia to use social robots. Design implications and directions for future research are proposed.
From bad to worse: examining the deteriorating labour market outcomes of international graduates in Australia
Authors: Tang Angelina , Perales Francisco , Rowe Francisco , Baxter Janeen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInternational graduates have been shown to experience comparatively poor outcomes in their transition to the host labour market after course completion. In Australia, international graduates typically fare worse than domestic graduates in the labour market, with new evidence pointing to a deterioration in their relative labour market position over the years. The contributing factors for the deterioration, however, remain unclear. In this article, we analysed unique large-scale survey data from the Australian Graduate Survey to identify the factors underlying the deteriorating labour market outcomes of international graduates from 2000. Our findings indicate that the deteriorating labour market outcomes of international graduates can be largely linked to the declining share of these graduates who are a citizen or permanent resident of Australia. The rising percentage of international graduates who are non-native English-speakers also played a role, albeit a modest one. These findings call attention to the persistent labour market disadvantage of international graduates and highlight the inadequacies of existing policies aimed at temporary retention and stronger English language skills in promoting labour market integration.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in health care: where are we? A scoping review
Authors: Profetto Laura , Gherardelli Monica , Iadanza Ernesto 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
(RFID) is a technology that uses radio waves for data collection and transfer, so data is captured efficiently, automatically and in real time without human intervention. This technology, alone or in addition to other technologies has been considered as a possible solution to reduce problems that endanger public health or to improve its management. This scoping review aims to provide readers with an up-to-date picture of the use of this technology in health care settings.

Methods
This scoping review examines the state of RFID technology in the healthcare area for the period 2017-2022, specifically addressing RFID versatility and investigating how this technology can contribute to radically change the management of public health. The guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) have been followed. Literature reviews or surveys were excluded. Only articles describing technologies implemented on a real environment or on prototypes were included.

Results
The search returned 366 results. After screening, based on title and abstract, 58 articles were considered suitable for this work. 11 articles were reviewed because they met the qualifying requirements. The study of the selected articles highlighted six matters that can be profitably impacted by this technology

Conclusion
The selected papers show that this technology can improve patient safety by reducing medical errors, that can occur within operating rooms. It can also be the solution to overcome the problem of the black market in counterfeiting drugs, or as a prevention tool. Further research is needed, especially on data management, security, and privacy, given the sensitive nature of medical information.

Graphical Abstract
Gorgonophilus canadensis (Copepoda: Lamippidae) a parasite in the octocoral Paragorgia arborea – relation to host, reproduction, and morphology
Authors: Buhl-Mortensen Lene , Neuhaus Jenny , Williams Jason D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The family Lamippidae (Cyclopoida) are endosymbionts mainly occurring in shallow water octocorals and records from deep-sea corals are few. Here we investigated the relationship between the lamippid Gorgonophilus canadensis Buhl-Mortensen & Mortensen, 2004 and its host the deep-sea coral Paragorgia arborea. Twenty-one specimens of G. canadensis was found inside eight gall-like structures on a P. arborea colony collected in 2010 at 318 m depth off Norway. The galls contained on average 1.6 females, 1.0 males, and 7.5 egg sacs estimated to contain 400 eggs each. Females were larger than males (4.6 mm compared to 2.0 mm). The gall volume increased with the number of egg sacs, females, and the length of females inside, the latter correlation was significant (p < 0.05). The number of egg sacs in galls was positively correlated with the abundance and length of females (p < 0.05), and by adding Canadian data from 17 galls the relation between egg sacs and numbers of females and males in galls became stronger (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that this highly modified endoparasite has thoracic appendages with non-segmented flexible spines with a specialized structure at their tips through which threads are excreted. We speculate that this adaptation could relate to feeding or attachment of egg sacs inside the galls. Thread production has rarely been reported for copepods and we explore its function in the group as well as other crustaceans. The age and size of the parasite, and the introduction to and release from the host is also discussed.
Row–Column Sampling Design Using Auxiliary Ranking Variables
Authors: Ozturk Omer , Kravchuk Olena , Correll Raymond 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present a new class of row–column sampling design when a sampling region is presented by non-overlapping quadrats of an rp-by-p row–column grid. Quadrats are rank-ordered on a relevant auxiliary variable, first in the rp rows of the grid and then in the so formed p ranked columns. This ranking enhances the precision of the sampling using ideas from standard rank set sampling methods. The sampling design falls in the traditional sampling framework where the sample selection probabilities are independent of the variables of interest. Selection probabilities are governed by a spatial design and the auxiliary information to facilitate better sampling coverage over the sampling region. The paper constructs unbiased estimators for population mean, total and provides variance estimates for them. It also shows when the new sampling design performs better than its competitors. The new sampling design is applied to a forest and two agricultural field samples to estimate the population means. Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear online.
Algorithmic Political Bias Can Reduce Political Polarization
Authors: Peters Uwe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Does algorithmic political bias contribute to an entrenchment and polarization of political positions? Franke (Philosophy and Technology, 35, 7, 2022) argues that it may do so because the bias involves classifications of people as liberals, conservatives, etc., and individuals often conform to the ways in which they are classified. I provide a novel example of this phenomenon in human–computer interactions and introduce a social psychological mechanism (what I shall call ‘implied political labeling’) that has been overlooked in this context but should be experimentally explored. Furthermore, while Franke proposes that algorithmic political classifications entrench political identities, I contend that they may often produce the opposite result. They can lead people to change in ways that disconfirm the classifications (thus causing ‘looping effects’). Consequently and counterintuitively, algorithmic political bias can in fact decrease political entrenchment and polarization.
Treatment with IL5-/IL-5 receptor antagonists in drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)
Authors: Gschwend Anna , Helbling Arthur , Feldmeyer Laurence , Mani-Weber Ulrich , Meincke Cordula , Heidemeyer Kristine , Bossart Simon , Jörg Lukas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a severe delayed drug hypersensitivity reaction with exanthema, eosinophilia, and organ manifestations. After culprit drug withdrawal, systemic corticosteroids (CS) are the most widely used treatment, often requiring high doses for months. Blocking the IL-5/IL‑5 receptor axis with mepolizumab, reslizumab, and benralizumab is a promising targeted treatment with a good safety profile and no immunosuppressive effect. The aim of this study is to summarize current experience with the anti-IL5/IL-5-receptor therapy in DRESS.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of all patients diagnosed with DRESS and treated with mepolizumab, reslizumab, or benralizumab in DRESS was performed. In addition, a PubMed–Medline search for publications on DRESS with anti-IL-5/IL‑5 receptor treatment was performed.

Results
Of the 14 cases identified, 6 patients were treated with mepolizumab, 6 with benralizumab, 1 patient with reslizumab, and 1 patient was switched from benralizumab to mepolizumab. The main indication for an IL‑5 blockade was a therapy-refractory course (7/14 [50.0%]), recurrent relapses (3/14 [21.4%]), and severe organ dysfunction (2/14 [14.3%]). In 13/14 (93%) cases, a rapid clinical improvement with suppression of eosinophilia and reduction of CS could be achieved. In all but two cases under mepolizumab (dose 100–600 mg) or reslizumab (dose according to body weight), two or more doses were necessary until resolution of DRESS. In 4/7 cases under benralizumab, a single 30 mg dose was sufficient.

Conclusion
Blockade of the IL-5/IL‑5 receptor axis appears to be a promising treatment in DRESS with fast clinical improvement, which may allow more rapid reduction of CS, and a good safety profile. In addition, a summary of recommendations on when to use blockade of the IL-5/IL‑5 receptor axis in DRESS treatment is provided.
What shapes the “value-action” gap? The role of time perception reconsidered
Authors: Franco Chiara , Ghisetti Claudia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile research on determinants and consequences of environmental attitudes and pro-environmental behaviours is quite broad, limited research efforts have been spent on the investigation of the discrepancy between the two: i.e. perceiving as environmentalist while not partaking substantially to specific environmental actions. For this reason, understanding how time perception shapes the misalignments, the so called “Value-Action gap”, is the objective of the paper. We analyse both individual (related to job motivation) and social determinants (related to the imitation of pro-environmental behaviours). While the former group refers to the way time is actually perceived, by using variables depicting the way work pressure is felt, the latter group acknowledges the possibility that a social norm is embodied into people and, being imitable, it can help acting in accordance with social environmental attitudes. The empirical analysis exploits the World Bank 3rd Wave of the World Values Survey, covering the years 1995–1998 on 34 countries, and it confirms that time perception and imitation both contribute to the decrease of VAG, although to a different extent.
DeepTLF: robust deep neural networks for heterogeneous tabular data
Authors: Borisov Vadim , Broelemann Klaus , Kasneci Enkelejda , Kasneci Gjergji 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough deep neural networks (DNNs) constitute the state of the art in many tasks based on visual, audio, or text data, their performance on heterogeneous, tabular data is typically inferior to that of decision tree ensembles. To bridge the gap between the difficulty of DNNs to handle tabular data and leverage the flexibility of deep learning under input heterogeneity, we proposeDeepTLF, a framework for deep tabular learning. The core idea of our method is to transform the heterogeneous input data into homogeneous data to boost the performance of DNNs considerably. For the transformation step, we develop a novel knowledge distillations approach,TreeDrivenEncoder, which exploits the structure of decision trees trained on the available heterogeneous data to map the original input vectors onto homogeneous vectors that a DNN can use to improve the predictive performance. Within the proposed framework, we also address the issue of the multimodal learning, since it is challenging to apply decision tree ensemble methods when other data modalities are present. Through extensive and challenging experiments on various real-world datasets, we demonstrate that the DeepTLF pipeline leads to higher predictive performance. On average, our framework shows 19.6% performance improvement in comparison to DNNs. The DeepTLF code ispublicly available.
Examining the Role of Dignity in the Experience of Meaningfulness: a Process-Relational View on Meaningful Work
Authors: Haarjärvi Tuure , Laari-Salmela Sari 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe objective of the present study is to examine the ethical grounding and process-relational nature of meaningful work through the relationship of dignity and meaningfulness. Adopting a practice lens, we show how a shift from methodological individualism to a process-relational worldview allows meaningful work to be understood through organizational activities rather than individual characteristics. Building on practice-based theorization, we present a process-relational model of meaningful work that 1) examines meaningfulness as a flow of experience in the stream of work activity events; 2) highlights how experiencing meaningfulness is embedded in social practices, distinguishing it as a social phenomenon that is defined by this embeddedness; 3) delineates situationality, historicity, and contextuality of meaningfulness; and 4) shows how meaningful work is grounded in the prioritization of dignity in the logic of practice. Accordingly, our model enables a more holistic understanding of how dignity functions as the ethical basis for the experience of meaningfulness in the context of work and organization.
Structural design and mechanical performance of composite vascular grafts
Authors: Zia Abdul Wasy , Liu Rong , Wu Xinbo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study reviews the state of the art in structural design and the corresponding mechanical behaviours of composite vascular grafts. We critically analyse surface and matrix designs composed of layered, embedded, and hybrid structures along the radial and longitudinal directions; materials and manufacturing techniques, such as tissue engineering and the use of textiles or their combinations; and the corresponding mechanical behaviours of composite vascular grafts in terms of their physical–mechanical properties, especially their stress–strain relationships and elastic recovery. The role of computational studies is discussed with respect to optimizing the geometrics designs and the corresponding mechanical behaviours to satisfy specialized applications, such as those for the aorta and its subparts. Natural and synthetic endothelial materials yield improvements in the mechanical and biological compliance of composite graft surfaces with host arteries. Moreover, the diameter, wall thickness, stiffness, compliance, tensile strength, elasticity, and burst strength of the graft matrix are determined depending on the application and the patient. For composite vascular grafts, hybrid architectures are recommended featuring multiple layers, dimensions, and materials to achieve the desired optimal flexibility and function for complying with user-specific requirements. Rapidly emerging artificial intelligence and big data techniques for diagnostics and the three-dimensional (3D) manufacturing of vascular grafts will likely yield highly compliant, subject-specific, long-lasting, and economical vascular grafts in the near-future.Graphic abstract