bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human-Animal Studies in Israel: A Field in the Making
Authors: Hirsch-Matsioulas Orit , Ben-Yonatan Anat , Chen Limor , Sadetzki Yaara , Shir-Vertesh Dafna 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article outlines the emergence and development of human-animal studies in Israel (HASI). It sketches the changes the field has undergone and its accomplishments to date, identifying key challenges and opportunities. The article highlights two major shifts that HASI has undergone throughout the years: the first, an initial focus on animal-assisted therapy (AAT) that eventually gave way to a multidisciplinary approach to human-animal relations; and the second, a transition from a humanistic perspective to growing critical involvement in HAS and partial post-humanistic epistemology. The past and current institutional state of human-animal studies in Israel is traced, characterized by ongoing infrastructure changes, alongside a growing group of scholars that aim to develop the field. We conclude with a contemplation of future directions and prospects for HASI.
Take-Off in an Inhospitable Climate
Authors: Szalontai Balázs , Choi Changyong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The article examines the role of infrastructure, governance, and political stability in the development of export-oriented manufacturing (EOM) in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam, comparing their experiences with Africa’s slower industrial growth. These factors occupy a prominent place in transaction cost economics, and the World Bank’s development programs strongly stressed infrastructure building and good governance. The article concludes that despite the assumptions expressed in the World Bank’s recommendations, neither efficient infrastructure nor good governance nor political stability constituted a prerequisite of EOM in the Asian latecomers. In these spheres, the performance of EOM-reliant Bangladesh and Cambodia was hardly favourable if compared to Vietnam, Laos, and Africa. Still, the contrast between Vietnam’s diversified industrial exports and the narrow export profile of Bangladesh and Cambodia implies that a country cannot evolve from factor-driven development to efficiency-driven and innovation-driven development without overcoming the problems of poor infrastructure, red tape, corruption, and political instability.
R2P and the Use of Force
Authors: Bellamy Alex J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This piece examines the place of the use of force in R2P. It shows that a sceptical view about the use of force to protect populations, a view guided by the seemingly ‘endless wars’ of the global ‘war on terror’ and the troubled legacy of intervention in Libya, has become predominant. The principle’s earliest advocates went to considerable lengths to distinguish it from the bad old days of ‘humanitarian intervention’ in part to assuage fears and in part to burnish R2P’s apparent novelty. However, experience shows that in the face of determined perpetrators force, with all the problems that entails, sometimes is necessary to protect from populations. This piece suggests the need to bring the use of force back in to debates about implementing R2P
“In Control … Under Control”
Authors: Simpson Hannah 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Allusions to gendered violence and sexual assault in Samuel Beckett’s works raise difficult questions in today’s classroom and theatre auditoria. So too does the physical subjugation that Beckett’s female actors often endure on stage. How far might our post-#MeToo sensibilities usefully inform our reading of instances of gendered subjugation and sexualised violence in Beckett’s theatre? This article focuses on Not I as a playtext that combines intimations of sexual assault with a history of female actors suffering physically in performance. It uses the lens of rape play—enacted for therapeutic value within the BDSM community for sexual assault survivors—to read Not I as an embodied trauma narrative, and to open up discussion of forms of coercion and consent in Beckett’s work.
UN Sanctions as Leverage in Mediation Processes?
Authors: Giumelli Francesco , Weber Annette 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article analyzes the role of UN sanctions in the context of peace negotiations in South Sudan from the outbreak of the civil war in December 2013 until the signing of the peace agreement in August 2015. Drawing on the literature regarding third-party intervention in civil wars, it explores whether the UN sanctions regime—established in March 2015—was conceived as an instrument of leverage to get the parties to agree to a settlement. The article asks two questions: Have sanctions and mediation been coordinated? Has the interlink between sanctions and mediation been successful? First, there has been little coordination between sanctions and mediation. Second, UN sanctions did not appear to play a crucial role in the mediation process. This analysis is based on desk research and nineteen interviews with officials from the UN, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, and other regional actors conducted between 2017 and 2018.
استعمالُ المشتَرَكِ الحَرْفِيِّ في معانيه من خلال القرآن الكريم: حرفُ “اللام“ في سورة العنكبوت نموذجًا
Authors: Haswa Maher Hussein , Abuzaina Mansour Mahmoud 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The study dealt with the usages of common /l/ whether separated or attached. It tried to induce the meanings of /l/ linguistically and highlighted its uses in Al-Ankabūt Chapter. The study highlighted the relationship between the topics tackled in the chapter and the meanings and uses of /l/. The study eventually came to conclude that the different meanings of /l/ that reached 30 meanings for some, can actually be presumed to 6 meanings, all appearing in Al-Ankabūt Chapter in 23 verses; the non-functional /l/ in its 5 versions is initiative /l/, and it took place in 25 verses, all of them appealing to emphasis. Swearing /l/ is found in 3 verses, while Responsive /l/ that follows ‘without’ appeared once for emphasis, and Affirmative or imperative /l/ also used once for the sake of emphasis. This study also concluded that the use of /l/ in different meanings at once is possible as long as the meanings are not opposed.
Unique Radar Observations of Large Raindrops in Tropical Warm Rain during PISTON
Authors: Chudler Kyle , Rutledge Steven A. , Dolan Brenda 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Isolated warm-rain cells are an important feature over the tropical oceans. Although warm rain is typically associated with relatively small raindrops, large raindrops (>4.5 mm in diameter) have been observed in some cases. Previous studies have examined warm rain cells with large drops on a case-study basis, but they have yet to be investigated in a broader, statistical sense. During the recent Propagation of Intraseasonal Oscillations (PISTON) field campaign, a C-band polarimetric radar routinely measured extreme values of differential reflectivity in small, isolated convection, indicating the presence of large drops. Using an objective feature identification and tracking algorithm, this study offers new insights to the structure and frequency of cells containing large drops. Cells with high differential reflectivity (>3.5 dB) were present in 24% of all radar scans. The cells were typically small (8-km2 mean area), short lived (usually <10 min), and shallow (3.7-km mean height). High differential reflectivity was more often found on the upwind side of the cells, suggesting a size sorting mechanism was operating establishing a low concentration of large drops on the upwind side. Differential reflectivity also tended to increase at lower altitudes, which is hypothesized to be due to continued drop growth and increasing temperature (increasing the dielectric constant of water). Rapid vertical cross-section radar scans, as well as transects made by a Learjet aircraft with onboard particle probes, are also used to analyze these cells, and support the conclusions drawn from statistical analysis.
Intraosseous Hemangioma of the Ethmoid Sinus: A Case Report
Authors: Deng Yuhui , Shi Yi , Chen Xiaocai , Hu Weiqi , Xu Weimin 
Published: July 2022

Intraosseous hemangiomas usually occur in the vertebrae and skull bones, whereas those arising within the nasal cavity are exceedingly rare. Here, we describe the case of a 40-year-old woman with nasal congestion who presented to our hospital with a tumor located in the left nasal cavity. Unenhanced paranasal computed tomography revealed an approximately 3 cm large mass originating from the anterior wall of the ethmoid sinus. Pre-operative imaging failed to reveal the etiology of the mass. The tumor was successfully resected using a trans-nasal endoscopic approach without pre-operative embolization. No complications occurred during the post-operative period, and there was no evidence of recurrence at the 3-month and 6-month follow-up. Histological examination of the resected specimen showed endothelium-lined blood-filled vascular spaces within the bony trabecule, suggesting a pattern typical of intraosseous cavernous hemangioma. Thus, although intraosseous hemangiomas of the nasal cavity are extremely rare, they must be considered when a bony mass is detected in the nasal cavity.
Making an art into a science: a mathematical “Likert tool” can change PI-RADS (v2) scores into Likert scores when reporting multiparametric MRI for prostate cancer
Authors: Stevens William Mark , Parchment-Smith Catherine , Melling Philip Peter , Smith Jonathan Timothy 
Published: July 2022

Background When reporting multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) for prostate cancer, UK national guidelines recommend allocating both Likert and PI-RAD scores. Likert scores have been shown to better predict clinically significant cancer (csPCa) but are subjective and lack standardization. Purpose To compare differences in outcomes between the scoring systems and create a mathematical tool that can help to objectively allocate Likert scores. Material and Methods A total of 791 patients referred with query prostate cancer between 2017 and 2019 were prospectively allocated PI-RADS and Likert scores by a single experienced reporter. Histology results were used to compare the predictive accuracy of both scoring systems. A “Likert tool” was created based on a logistic regression of features found to be predictors of csPCa in a cohort of 2018–2019 patients (n = 411). Its performance was evaluated. Results Assuming a policy whereby patients with a PI-RADS/Likert score of ≥3 are biopsied, Likert scoring (sensitivity 0.92, specificity 0.77) would have resulted in 107 fewer biopsies and 20.3% higher cancer yields than the PI-RADS score (sensitivity 0.99, specificity 0.43). Thirteen patients would have avoided over-diagnosis of clinically insignificant prostate cancer (iPCa). Similar outcomes (111 fewer biopsies, 22.3% increase in cancer yield, iPCa diagnosis avoided in 16 patients) could be seen when the “Likert tool” was applied to the same patient cohort (sensitivity 0.93, specificity 0.79) and to a separate cohort (n = 380). Conclusion PI-RADS and Likert scores are different. A “Likert tool” could reduce inter-reporter variability, decrease the number of patients unnecessarily biopsied, increase csPCa yield, and decrease over-diagnosis of iPCa.
Central venous catheters-related-thrombosis and risk factors in oncological patients: A retrospective evaluation of recent risk scores
Authors: Taglialatela Ida , Mariani Luigi , Dotti Katia Fiorella , Di Vico Laura , Pisanu Maria Neve , Facchinetti Claudia , De Braud Filippo , Ferrari Laura Anna Maria 
Published: July 2022

Background: Insertions of central venous catheters (CVC) has become a common practice in Onco-Hematologic Units to administer systemic treatments. Unfortunately they can cause complications influencing patient’s care-pathway significantly. Oncological patients have a higher thrombotic risk than the general population, therefore specific recent risk scores are spreading through the clinical practice, such as Khorana, Protecht, COMPASS-CAT, and Michigan scores. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 177 out of a total of 3046 outpatients accessing the Medical Day Hospital of Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano from March 2019 to February 2021 aged ⩾ 18 years who developed CVC complications was analyzed extracting clinical data from their medical records. Focusing on the risk factors, especially through recent risk scores to estimate the thrombotic risk we used Wilcoxon-test for continuous variables and the Pearson-Chi-Square test for categorical variables. Results: Anticoagulants resulted a protective factor mostly for partial CVC occlusion (p = 0.0001), preventing CVC occlusions. CVC occlusions were significantly associated with epitelial tumor histotype, (p = 0.0061). Complete CVC occlusions were significantly associated with peripherical inserted central venous catheters (PICC) (p < 0.0001). Catheter-related-thrombosis (CRT) was significantly associated with peripherical-inserted-central-venous-catheter, both when it was diagnosed clinically (p = 0.0121) and radiographically (p = 0.0168). There was a strong association between CRT and a high grade of Khorana Score (p = 0.0195), Protecht Score (p = 0.0412), COMPASS-CAT Score (p = 0.0027). A positive statistical trend was observed between the Michigan Score and CRT in patients carrying PICC (p = 0.053). Conclusions: There are many different and various factors associated with higher or lower risk of CVC thrombotic complications, so it could be useful to test the recent risk scores to estimate thrombotic risk in oncological patients in clinical practice.
Total hip arthroplasty using an alkali- and heat-treated titanium Zweymüller stem with no trochanteric shoulder: results at 5-year follow-up
Authors: Tsukada Sachiyuki , Wakui Motohiro 
Published: July 2022

Background: A trochanteric shoulder is 1 of the characteristics of the original Zweymüller femoral stem for total hip arthroplasty (THA). There have been few clinical reports of THA using recently available versions of Zweymüller-type stems with eliminated trochanteric shoulder. Methods: 82 consecutive THAs with a Zweymüller-type stem without trochanteric shoulder were analyzed. The stem was made of alkali- and heat-treated titanium, straight, tapered, with rectangular cross-section. Survivorship was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 76 of 82 hips (92.7%) were followed for more than 5 years or until revision. 35 of 82 hips (42.7%), were revised and the predominant reason for revision was aseptic loosening of the femoral stem (34 of 35 hips, 97.1%). Survival with revision for any reason as the endpoint was 71.3% (95% CI, 51.8% to 80.1%) at 5 years. Conclusions: The survival of the modified Zweymüller-type stem with no trochanteric shoulder was unacceptably low.
Patient Satisfaction of Ambulatory Care Pharmacy Services
Authors: Ali Mostafa A. S. , Amirthalingam Palanisamy , Alatawi Yasser , Aljabri Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

The Ministry of Health (MOH) recently developed the Health Sector Transformation Program (HTSP) to focus on patient satisfaction, safety, and care. This study explored patient satisfaction with outpatient care services. A semi-structured questionnaire was designed to collect the data of patient satisfaction with pharmacy care services through face-to face interviews of participants and over the internet using an electronic format of the same questionnaire (web-based survey). A total of 508 participants responded of whom, 51.8% were male and 83% were below 46 years old. The average scores of domains 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 were 4.51, 4.11, 4.30, 3.70, 3.57, 3.82, 3.63, and 4.15, respectively. The general evaluation of pharmacy services demonstrated that respondents were very satisfied (245; 48.2%), satisfied (143; 28%), and willing to recommend the pharmacy to their families (380; 76.4%). There was no statistically significant difference in the overall satisfaction with pharmacy services among the 2 hospitals ( P > .05). Most respondents were satisfied with outpatient care pharmacy services. More efforts are needed to improve the service of following up on patients’ adherence by the pharmacists.
Polymerase chain reaction confirmed mycobacterium tuberculosis intermediate uveitis – analysis of 22 eyes of 14 cases from a tertiary care centre in South India: a retrospective study
Authors: Sreenivasan Janani , Jain Anupreeti , Kamalini P. Neha , Janani M. K. , Biswas Jyotirmay 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
To report the role of Polymerase Chain Reaction in confirming the diagnosis of presumed Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) Intermediate Uveitis.

Method
Retrospective analysis of 22 eyes of 14 cases of presumed tubercular intermediate uveitis wherein intraocular fluid was tested for MTB DNA by Nested & Real-time PCR, based on clinical suspicion of tubercular aetiology. QuantiFERON TB gold test and High-Resolution CT Chest were done. Patients were treated with anti-tubercular therapy with oral steroids & immunomodulators. In the study, eleven were male (79%) and three female (21%). The median age was 34 years. Nested PCR for both IS 6110 & MPB 64 was positive in 64% of the cases, IS 6110 positive in 23% and MPB 64 positive in 15%. Real-time PCR was positive in 48% of the cases. Vision improved in 33% of cases, maintained in 57%, and worsened in 10% of cases.

Conclusion
Presumed Tubercular intermediate uveitis can be confirmed by PCR of intraocular fluids. Anti-tubercular therapy with immunosuppression can improve vision and prevent recurrences in such cases.
Recurrent, bilateral endogenous Candida endophthalmitis with multiple focal chorioretinal lesions: management with pars plana vitrectomy and focal endolaser
Authors: Iyer Prashanth G. , Fan Jason , Diaz J. Daniel , Liu Jeremy , Lazzarini Thomas , Fan Kenneth C. , Miller Darleen , Flynn Harry W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeBilateral endogenousCandidaendophthalmitis (ECE) treatment usually involves administering systemic and intravitreal antifungal medications. In advanced cases with vitreous seeding, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is considered. The use of focal endolaser treatment to chorioretinal lesions has not been reported. We present a case of bilateral recurrent ECE treated with PPV and endolaser to elevated focal lesions.CaseA 45-year-old diabetic male presented with decreased visual acuity in both eyes (20/50 right eye, 20/150 left eye) and was found to have bilateral ECE with moderate vitritis and chorioretinal lesions. The initial treatment consisted of multiple intravitreal voriconazole injections to both eyes as well as systemic antifungal therapy. Resolution of ECE occurred after three months, but one year later despite therapy recurred bilaterally. Patient underwent PPV with endolaser to the elevated chorioretinal lesions in both eyes. One year later, his vision improved to 20/40 in both eyes, focal lesions were flat and resolved along with the ECE.ConclusionAdvanced or recurrent ECE that is refractive to intravitreal antifungal therapy may be treated with PPV. Endolaser therapy to the chorioretinal lesions is an additional local option that can resolve the activity of ECE.
A hybrid metaheuristic-deep learning technique for the pan-classification of cancer based on DNA methylation
Authors: Eissa Noureldin S. , Khairuddin Uswah , Yusof Rubiyah 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
DNA Methylation is one of the most important epigenetic processes that are crucial to regulating the functioning of the human genome without altering the DNA sequence. DNA Methylation data for cancer patients are becoming more accessible than ever, which is attributed to newer DNA sequencing technologies, notably, the relatively low-cost DNA microarray technology by Illumina Infinium. This technology makes it possible to study DNA methylation at hundreds of thousands of different loci. Currently, most of the research found in the literature focuses on the discovery of DNA methylation markers for specific cancer types. A relatively small number of studies have attempted to find unified DNA methylation biomarkers that can diagnose different types of cancer (pan-cancer classification).

Results
In this study, the aim is to conduct a pan-classification of cancer disease. We retrieved individual data for different types of cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) portal. We selected data for many cancer types: Breast Cancer (BRCA), Ovary Cancer (OV), Stomach Cancer (STOMACH), Colon Cancer (COAD), Kidney Cancer (KIRC), Liver Cancer (LIHC), Lung Cancer (LUSC), Prostate Cancer (PRAD) and Thyroid cancer (THCA). The data was pre-processed and later used to build the required dataset. The system that we developed consists of two main stages. The purpose of the first stage is to perform feature selection and, therefore, decrease the dimensionality of the DNA methylation loci (features). This is accomplished using an unsupervised metaheuristic technique. As for the second stage, we used supervised machine learning and developed deep neural network (DNN) models to help classify the samples’ malignancy status and cancer type. Experimental results showed that compared to recently published methods, our proposed system achieved better classification results in terms of recall, and similar and higher results in terms of precision and accuracy. The proposed system also achieved an excellent receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC AUC) values varying from 0.85 to 0.89.

Conclusions
This research presented an effective new approach to classify different cancer types based on DNA methylation data retrieved from TCGA. The performance of the proposed system was compared to recently published works, using different performance metrics. It provided better results, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method for classifying different cancer types based on DNA methylation data.