bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oncogenicity of EBV-infected natural killer T cells deteriorate EBV-related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Cui Tingting , Huang Mingzhu , Wang Yuan , Lin Zhengfang , Su Xiaoling , Li Weidong , Luo Qi , Li Kaiyi , Wang Chunyan , Zheng Runhui , Wang Zhongfang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Why Epstein–Barr virus-related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) undergoes remission shortly after treatment and relapses rapidly and whether EBV infection in natural killer (NK)/T cells contributes to the deterioration of EBV-HLH are unknown.
Methods
EBV cell tropism and anti-EBV host cellular immunity were compared based on multicolor flow cytometry technique between EBV-HLH survivors and those who died to explore the key factors associated with the deterioration of HLH progression. Transcriptomics was performed to reveal the underlying mechanisms of EBV-HLH deterioration.
Results
In the deceased cases, EBV infection spread to NK (CD3-CD56+, 84.3%) and/or NKT (CD3 + CD56+, 67.9%) cells with a highly proliferating profile, whereas the infection was only limited to B cells in survivors. Although a similar low NK activation (< 1,000/million peripheral blood mononuclear cells) was observed at hospital admission, deceased cases had higher levels of NK cell degranulation (5,250 and 73,905 CD107a + NK cells for patients 1 and 2, respectively) and NK cytotoxicity and higher levels of EBV-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cell response than survivors at the deterioration timepoint. Meanwhile, no cytokine storm was observed in the deceased cases at the deterioration phase. Interestingly, EBV-infected NK and NKT cells presented a higher percentage of copy number variations and significantly higher enrichment in canonical cancer pathways than noninfected cells, such as genes associated with proto-oncogene transcription factor (Myc), proliferation (MKI67), and EBV LMP1-related carcinogenesis (TRAF2 and Jak3) genes.
Conclusions
Our study suggest that the oncogenicity of EBV-infected NK/NKT cells deteriorates EBV-HLH, and the spread of EBV to NK and NKT cells may indicate a prephase of NK/T lymphoma. Thus, the findings of this study may guide future therapeutic strategies for EBV-HLH.
Cross-layer design-based Multipath Routing Protocol (CMRP) for mobile ad hoc networks
Authors: Mohammadi Narges 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a Cross-layer design-based Multipath Routing Protocol (CMRP) for mobile ad hoc networks, using the node energy signal from the physical layer. The purpose is to optimize routing decisions and path quality. The nodes’ mobility behavior is predicted using a notion of “Signal Fading Degree, SFD”. Especially, in the combination of the IEEE 802.11e standard at the MAC layer, we determine that the IEEE 802.11e makes a significant contribution to the performance improvement of CMRP. Performance evaluation of AODV in legacy 802.11 and CMRP in IEEE 802.11e shows that, as a function of the speed of node mobility, a tremendous reduction was achieved, in metrics such as the average end-to-end delay, route overhead, route discovery frequency, normalized routing load – almost more than 80%, 40%, 40%, and 40%. In the case of a varying number of sessions, the reduction for route discovery frequency and normalized routing load is up to 70% and 80%.
Anti-fouling Electrospun Organic and Inorganic Nanofiber Membranes for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Amin Nur Ain Atiqah Mohd , Mokhter Mohd Akmali , Salamun Nurrulhidayah , Mohamad Mohd Fuad , Mahmood Wan M. Asyraf Wan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Researchers favour polymeric membranes for water treatment because of their excellent separation selectivity, high membrane performance, unique interconnected structure and inexpensive cost. Electrospinning, phase inversion, track-etching, slip casting, and film-stretching are some of the methods for fabricating polymeric membranes. Among them, electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) are the most actively explored which address the fouling issues during wastewater treatment. It has a lot of advantages for wastewater treatment application. ENMs can be classified into inorganic and organic, and it is important to determine the type of membrane or polymer that is the most suitable for the application. The choice of membrane depends on many factors, including the composition of the operation parameters, application area and separation goals. Nevertheless, membrane fouling that results in poor rejection efficiency and membrane flux behaviour remain as challenges. Therefore, membrane surface modification has been widely embraced to improve the membrane process. Therefore, this review paper aimed to provide information on most common used inorganic and organic ENMs in wastewater treatment applications thus classifying the trends of ENMs applications on toxic heavy metal contaminants and hazardous chemical pollutants. It also provided insights into the future perspectives for ENMs in water treatment. We hope that his article can provide some guidance for a wide range of application in the membrane industry.
Direct separation approach and multi-valued localized excitation for (M+N)-dimensional nonlinear system
Authors: Li Lingfei , Wang Yaoping , Zhu Minting , Xie Yingying 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new variable separation method which does not need Hirota’s bilinear form and directly gives analytic form of solution u instead of its potential uy. This new method not only covers N-soliton solution obtained by Hirota’s direct method but also multi-valued solution of multi-linear variable separation approach(MLVSA), and applicable to (M+N)-dimensional nonlinear model. We would like to call it “direct separation approach” (DSA). Taking the extended (3+1)-dimensional KP equation as an example, we first construct two types of N-soliton solution. Then, by introducing multi-valued functions, rogue wave and four typical folded solitary waves are obtained. In addition, we study the head-on and chase-after collision between two, three, four folded solitary waves, and systematically analyze their dynamic behaviors. Many novel structures are obtained that may help simulate complex folded appearance in real life.
Genome-Wide Identification and analysis of Polycomb Repressive Complexes 2 core components in three cucumber genomes
Authors: Li Jie , Kai Ma , Wei Fang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
● Polycomb Repressive Complexes 2 (PRC2) are evolutionarily conserved, high molecular weight complexes which are important gene regulators maintaining normal growth and development in plants. But, there is little research focusing on the characteristics and evolution of PRC2 components in cucumber.● We used genome-wide identification, phylogenetic analysis, available RNA-seq data to examine cucumber PRC2 components and expression pattern.● In this study, we identified 17 PRC2 core components in three cucumber lines genome, each line contains one FIE-like protein, one MSI1-like protein and two Enhancer of Zeste-like proteins. Phylogenetic analysis shows that FIE-like and MSI1-like homologous groups were evolutionary conservation. Compared with Arabidopsis, which including three enhancer of zeste-like proteins, three cucumber lines in this study only have two, furthermore, both of them were AtCLF homologous series. The results of gene expression pattern showed that FIE-like and MSI1-like genes in three cucumber lines have a conservative constitutive expression pattern and highly expression in reproductive organs and fruits, surprisingly, the two AtCLF homologous genes (EZ1 and EZ2) in three lines all have complementary expression pattern, indicating the evolutionary and functional differences of PRC2 complexes was existed between A. thaliana and cucumber.● This study provides a systematic analysis of PRC2 core components in three lines of cucumber using bioinformatics tools.
Engineering the xylose metabolism in Schizochytrium sp. to improve the utilization of lignocellulose
Authors: Wang Ling-Ru , Zhang Zi-Xu , Nong Fang-Tong , Li Jin , Huang Peng-Wei , Ma Wang , Sun Xiao-Man 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Schizochytrium sp. is a heterotrophic, oil-producing microorganism that can efficiently produce lipids. However, the industrial production of bulk chemicals using Schizochytrium sp. is still not economically viable due to high-cost culture medium. Replacing glucose with cheap and renewable lignocellulose is a highly promising approach to reduce production costs, but Schizochytrium sp. cannot efficiently metabolize xylose, a major component of lignocellulosic biomass.Results: In order to improve the utilization of lignocellulose by Schizochytrium sp., we cloned and functionally characterized the genes encoding enzymes involved in the xylose metabolism. The results showed that the endogenous xylose reductase and xylulose kinase genes possess corresponding functional activities. Additionally, attempts were made to use genetic engineering techniques to introduce exogenous xylitol dehydrogenase/xylose isomerase to construct a strain of Schizochytrium sp. that can efficiently utilize xylose. The results showed that the engineered strain 308-XI with an exogenous xylose isomerase could utilize xylose, consuming 8.2 g/L xylose over 60 h of cultivation. Xylose consumption was further elevated to 11.1 g/L when heterologous xylose isomerase and xylulose kinase were overexpressed simultaneously. Furthermore, culturing 308-XI-XK(S) in a medium with lignocellulosic hydrolysate as the main carbon source resulted in a 22.4 g/L of dry cell weight and 5.3 g/L of total lipid titer, respectively representing 42.7 and 30.4% increases compared to the wild type. Conclusion: This study shows that engineering of Schizochytrium sp. to efficiently utilize xylose is conducive to improve its utilization of lignocellulose, which can reduce the costs of industrial lipid production.
Offline Handwritten Tai Le Character Recognition Using Wavelet Deep Convolution Features and Ensemble Deep Variationally Sparse Gaussian Processes
Authors: Guo Hai , Liu Yifan , Zhao Jingying , Song Yifan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Handwriting recognition is an important application in the field of pattern recognition. Because handwritten Tai Le has similar characters and the proportion of characters with similar shapes is relatively high, this paper proposes a wavelet deep convolution (WDC) feature combined with an ensemble deep variational sparse Gaussian process (EDVSGP) offline handwritten Tai Le recognition method. A Tai Le recognition sample database is constructed, 2 and 3 levels of wavelet decomposition prior features are extracted, and then, the wavelet a priori feature is transformed into a WDC feature. To avoid the problem of dimensionality, LDA+PCA is used to reduce the dimensionality of the feature. Moreover, to better recognize handwritten Tai Le characters, 6 deep variationally sparse Gaussian process (DVSGP) models are integrated as an EDVSGP classification model. Using the handwritten Tai Le character database, the proposed method is superior to the existing methods, with an accuracy, recall and F1-score of 94.15%, 94.15%, and 94.15%, respectively. The universality of the method is verified on the dataset of handwritten Chinese characters with similar shapes (HCFC2021.4) and Devanagari dataset.
Valorização das mulheres em organizações religiosas de matriz africana por meio do culto a divindades femininas
Authors: Moura Renan Gomes de , Silva Elaine Barbosa da 
Published: August 2022

O artigo busca cBusca-se, por meio desse artigo, compreender como organizações religiosas de matriz africana, por meio do culto à divindades femininas, valorizam as mulheres; e quais são os impactos sociais em suas vidas. O corpus da pesquisa foi composto pela transcrição das seis entrevistas realizadas, que foram analisadas de acordo com a orientação metodológica da análise de conteúdo. Pode-se compreender que o culto às divindades proporciona às mulheres a construção de uma identidade que busca romper com o machismo, além de colocá-las como sujeitos repletos de poderes, tanto mágicos quanto sociais e biológicos, uma vez que são a extensão das próprias divindades, bem como aquelas que controlam a vida.
O papel da resiliência na relação entre o estresse e a satisfação no trabalho
Authors: Silva Karlene Minely Nepomuceno , D'Angelo Marcia Juliana 
Published: August 2022

Esse estudo examina o efeito mediador da resiliência na relação entre o estresse laboral e a satisfação no trabalho. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, com uma amostra de 418 trabalhadores de empresas que atuam no Brasil, analisados por meio da modelagem de equações estruturais e análise de permutações. Os resultados mostram que a resiliência contribui para reduzir os impactos do estresse laboral na satisfação no trabalho, indicando que o desenvolvimento e o aprimoramento da resiliência deveriam ser estimulados nas organizações, para que os funcionários possam enfrentar as adversidades. No tocante às diferenças entre os grupos dos millennials (até 29 anos) e dos pós-millennials (acima de 29 anos), as evidências mostram que os funcionários mais velhos conseguem ser mais resilientes, ou seja, lidam melhor com colegas e situações difíceis e inesperadas e aceitam os desafios que contribuam para o crescimento profissional. A principal contribuição teórica desse estudo é o desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa empírica quantitativa que relaciona o estresse laboral e a satisfação no trabalho (consequente) influenciados pela resiliência em um modelo parcimonioso, ainda não considerado na literatura.
Materiales cementantes suplementarios como alternativa para la disminución del fenómeno de corrosión en estructuras de concreto reforzado
Authors: Landa Gómez Aldo Emelio , Fajardo San Miguel Gerardo , Cruz Moreno Dulce , Orozco Cruz Ricardo , Galván Martínez Ricardo 
Published: August 2022

Este trabajo de investigación muestra la contribución de los materiales cementantes suplementarios (MCS) en la disminución del fenómeno de corrosión en el acero embebido en concreto ternarios. Se elaboraron sistemas acero-concreto ternario, constituidos por acero AISI 1018 (AC) embebidos en concretos ternarios con relación agua/cemento de 0.45. Se realizaron sustituciones parciales con respecto a la masa de cemento portland ordinario (CPO) por ceniza de bagazo de caña de azúcar (CBCA) y ceniza volante (CV) en un 10, 20 y 30 %, el valor de estos porcentajes corresponde al 50 % de CBCA y 50 % de CV. Los sistemas fueron evaluados con la técnica electroquímica de resistencia a la polarización (Rp), donde se analizó la densidad de corriente de corrosión (icorr) y la velocidad de corrosión (Vcorr) como indicadores para evaluar el fenómeno de corrosión. El sistema acero-concreto con el 20 % de sustitución (AC-CT20), disminuyó la Vcorr en un 89 % con respecto al sistema de referencia (AC-REF). Este resultado se atribuyó a que el AC se encuentra en estado pasivo, lo que se asoció con la fomación de la película pasiva que se confirmó con el valor de la media de icorr de 0.09 µA/cm2.
Modiﬁcation of Epidemiological Model for Predicting the Development of a Socially Signiﬁcant Infection (by the Example of Chronic Viral Hepatitis C)
Authors: Yakhina R. A. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of the study: to develop, evaluate the effectiveness and applicability of an epidemiological model for the development of chronic viral hepatitis C, with the ability to predict the number of people who need to be tested for the presence of the virus.Materials and methods. In our study, we used official data for the Republic of Bashkortostan on the spread of chronic viral hepatitis C (annual dynamics of cases) in the period from 2005 to 2020, which were provided at our request by the Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital. Demographic indicators for births and deaths were taken from the annual statistical report of Bashkortostanstat. The study considered 2 mathematical models: 1) Model SIR considers three groups: susceptible (those who have not yet become infected), infected and dropouts (those who have recovered or died). 2) The STIRD model is the SIR model, improved by the author, which takes into account five population groups: susceptible (those who have not yet become infected), tested (those who have been in contact with the infected people and require a test to clarify the diagnosis), infected, dropouts (those who recovered) and deceased.Results: from 2015 to 2017, the model provided representative data on the forecast of the infected people, the error was about 1.5-4%, but after this period, starting from 2018, the error rate became critical and the model lost its representativeness. To explain this phenomenon, there are 2 reasons: the first is the easy availability of drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, the second is the need to use Markov models in the model, since the calculation does not take into account the dynamics of changes in the coefficients of the model. As a result of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020, the error was more than 166%, this is due to a decrease in contacts between people and, as a result, a sharp decrease in the incidence of chronic hepatitis C.Conclusion. The complete epidemiological STIRD model proposed by the author (taking into account the demographic change in the structure of the population) has shown itself well in medium-term forecasting up to three years. A significant advantage of this model specification compared to other epidemiological models is the ability to predict the number of diagnostic laboratory tests needed to detect a virus in humans. This is important, since the diagnosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis C is covered from compulsory medical insurance and regional budgets. Epidemiological modeling opens up great opportunities for developing scenarios for combating viral hepatitis C, especially with its chronic form, because, according to WHO, each country has the opportunity to completely get rid of this socially significant infection by 2030.
The GPCR Antagonistic Drug CM-20 Stimulates Mitochondrial Activity in Human RPE Cells
Authors: Chang Qing , Chen Siquan , Yang Tahua 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Mitochondrial dysfunction in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a pathogenic factor in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Improvement of mitochondrial function may ameliorate RPE bioenergetics status, which may in turn nourish the retinal photoreceptors against degenerative loss.

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to examine the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) antagonistic drug CM-20 in modulating mitochondrial function in RPE cells.

Methods:
Human-derived ARPE-19 cell line was differentiated to improve RPE morphology. Dose response of CM-20 was performed to examine mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Secondary validation with multiplexed live-cell mitochondrial imaging was performed. Protection of CM-20 to mitochondria against oxidative stress was detected under co-treatment with hydrogen peroxide.

Results:
Treatment with CM-20 elicited a dose-dependent increase of MMP. Multiplexed live-cell mitochondrial imaging showed consistent increase of MMP at an optimal concentration of CM-20 (12.5 µM). MMP was significantly reduced under hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and treatment with CM-20 showed rescue effects to MMP.

Conclusion:
CM-20 increases mitochondrial function and protects mitochondria under oxidative stress. As both GPCRs and mitochondria are potential drug targets, retinal neuroprotective testing of CM-20 is warranted in animal models of retinal degeneration.
Prevalence of Prehypertension among Saudi Adults: A Narrative Review
Authors: Al-Kadi Hanan 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Prehypertension is a pre-disease state wherein an individual has a blood pressure (BP) measurement above normal (≥120/80 mmHg) but below the hypertensive range (<140/90 mmHg). Large population-based studies have shown that individuals with a BP in the prehypertensive range have an increased risk of developing hypertension and cardiovascular events. Despite these risks and high mortality rates associated with pre-hypertension, there are currently no reviews that define the prevalence of pre-hypertension in the Saudi population.

Objective:
To determine the magnitude of the pre-hypertension problem among Saudi adults and identify areas for future research based on the current gaps in the literature.

Methods:
This narrative review considers studies addressing the prevalence of pre-hypertension among Saudi adults; 8 studies were identified for this review.

Results:
In total, 14,782 men and women participated in these studies. The overall prevalence of pre-hypertension in both sexes ranged from 18.5-54.9%. Men had higher rates of pre-hypertension (24.7-66.1%) than women (7-48.1%).A modifiable risk factor reported in the majority of the studies was increased adiposity.

Conclusion:
Lifestyle changes to reduce weight may be effective in preventing or at least delaying the progression to hypertension and its associated cardiovascular events. Large, prospective, epidemiological studies are needed to estimate the risk of incident hypertension and cardiovascular events in pre-hypertension patients. Randomized clinical trials are also needed to evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle modification and/or pharmacotherapy in reducing the risk of incident hypertension.
Radicular Dens in Dente: Review of the Literature with Report of a Rare Case in a Child
Authors: Boaz Karen , Natarajan Srikant , Suprabha Baranya Shrikrishna , KP Nandita , Lewis Amitha J. , Deepak Sriranjani , Manaktala Nidhi 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Dens invaginatus is an extremely rare developmental disturbance that can occur in primary, permanent, or supernumerary teeth due to invagination of the enamel organ into the dental papilla during tooth development. The clinical recognition of the radicular variant of dens in the dente is challenging as it is mostly asymptomatic with a normal-appearing clinical crown and is incidentally discovered in radiographs.

Case presentation:
This report describes a case of the radicular variant of dens in dente that involved the mandibular lateral incisor in an 8-year-old child. The affected tooth was symptomatic and was extracted as a part of treatment.

Conclusion:
Although the present case required extraction since it was associated with periapical infection, in other cases, treatment may be rendered with appropriate restorative/endodontic procedures with a keen intent to avoid sacrificing the involved tooth as has been reported earlier and reviewed herein.
Complementary Effect of Electro Acupuncture on Refractory Head and Neck Myofascial Pain: A Retrospective Investigation of Patient-Reported Outcomes
Authors: Bugshan Amr S. , Natto Zuhair , Maloney Georg E. , Farag Arwa M. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Acupuncture (AC) is among the complementary treatment modalities to manage chronic myofascial pain. The aim of this investigation was to assess the additive effect of AC in reducing the intensity of primary chronic myalgia/myofascial head and neck pain in patients using oral orthotic appliances (OA).

Methods:
A retrospective chart review was conducted for 103 patients diagnosed with primary chronic myalgia/myofascial pain and received OA with/without AC at Tufts University School of Dental Medicine (TUSDM). Subjective reporting of face/TMJ/neck pain was recorded at the initial visit and at short-term and long-term follow-ups using patient-reported pain/discomfort numeric rating scale (NRS).

Results:
Most subjects were females (77.7%) with the mean age of the entire study population being 53 years old. In patients with refractory response to OA, combining AC with OA showed significant improvement in NRS score compared to baseline, in TMJ pain (P=0.023), neck pain (P= 0.055), facial pain (P=0.006). The addition of AC to OA has also brought refractory pain to low levels, comparable to what OA-only respondents reported [TMJ pain (P= 0.395), neck pain (P=0.694), face pain (P=0.553)].

Conclusion:
AC may provide a complementary therapeutic modality to manage refractory cases of primary chronic myofascial pain.