bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suspicion and Overlapping Orders of Precedence: Imagining Secret History in Founder‐Focused Societies of Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Riyanto Geger 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTThis article describes how the dominant order of precedence in Seram, eastern Indonesia is challenged by the suspicion of the existence of a secret history. In a context where being the original founder is of importance and the sequence of predecessors' arrival is the basis of orders of precedence, such a suspicion evokes a hopeful possibility for marginal communities that the present social order is false and vulnerable to the abrupt revelation of the true past. Although generally inclined toward the founders, there are overlapping orders of precedence at work in Seram. Each order of precedence conjures up a different image of the marginal community, which, despite each placing them as the lesser group, induces a sense of contradiction and that the widely recounted history is problematic. In this respect, this article offers a contribution to the field of Austronesian studies, which has long been concerned with how orders of precedence emerge and are at play among the historically mobile Austronesian societies.
Electronegativity: A continuing enigma
Authors: Politzer Peter , Murray Jane S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere continues to be confusion concerning the concept of electronegativity. Pauling's original approach, focusing upon an atom in a molecule, continues to be widely invoked. There has also been a more recent tendency to view electronegativity as the negative of the chemical potential and to extend it to molecules. However, this leads to results that are incompatible with chemical experience. A more effective approach, which gives results in overall agreement with Pauling's values, is to relate electronegativity to the average valence electron ionization energies of atoms.
Effect of upfront intensive therapy on oncological outcomes in older patients with high tumor burden metastatic castration‐sensitive prostate cancer: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Miura Yuki , Hatakeyama Shingo , Narita Shintaro , Kimura Takahiro , Hata Kenichi , Yanagisawa Takafumi , Tanaka Toshikazu , Ishi Noritaka , Kawamura Sadafumi , Hoshi Senji , Ishidoya Shigeto , Mitsuzuka Koji , Ito Akihiro , Tsuchiya Norihiko , Egawa Shin , Habuchi Tomonori , Ohyama Chikara 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of upfront intensive therapy on the prognosis of older patients with metastatic castration‐sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) remains unclear. Thus, we assessed the impact of older age (≥75 years) on oncological outcomes in mCSPC patients with a high tumor burden.MethodsThis multicenter retrospective study included 252 patients aged ≥75 years treated with either upfront or conventional therapy between 2014 and 2021. We compared castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)‐free survival (FS) and overall survival (OS) between patients with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) plus upfront intensive therapy (docetaxel [DTX] or abiraterone acetate [ABI] plus prednisolone) and conventional therapy (ADT monotherapy or ADT combined with bicalutamide). We evaluated the effect of upfront intensive therapy on prognosis by multivariable Cox regression analysis.ResultsThe 231 patients enrolled in our study were classified in the conventional group (n = 148) or the upfront group (n = 104; DTX = 27 and ABI = 77). The upfront group had significantly prolonged CRPC‐FS and OS compared with the conventional group, and this was also the case in the background‐adjusted multivariable Cox regression analysis.ConclusionPatients aged ≥75 years who received upfront intensive therapy had significantly longer CRPC‐FS and OS compared with similar age patients treated with conventional therapy in real‐world practice. The oncological benefit may not diminish in this older population.
Altered intravenous drug disposition in people living with cystic fibrosis: A meta‐analysis integrating top‐down and bottom‐up data
Authors: De Sutter Pieter‐Jan , Van Haeverbeke Maxime , Van Braeckel Eva , Van Biervliet Stephanie , Van Bocxlaer Jan , Vermeulen An , Gasthuys Elke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) has been linked to altered drug disposition in various studies. However, the magnitude of these changes, influencing factors, and underlying mechanisms remain a matter of debate. The primary aim of this work was therefore to quantify changes in drug disposition (top‐down) and the pathophysiological parameters known to affect pharmacokinetics (PKs; bottom‐up). This was done through meta‐analyses and meta‐regressions in addition to theoretical PK simulations. Volumes of distribution and clearances were found to be elevated in people living with CF. These increases were larger in studies which included patients with pulmonary exacerbations. Differences in clearance were smaller in more recent studies and when results were normalized to body surface area or lean body mass instead of body weight. For the physiological parameters investigated, measured glomerular filtration rate and serum cytokine concentrations were found to be elevated in people living with CF, whereas serum albumin and creatinine levels were decreased. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms for these alterations relate to renal hyperfiltration, increases in free fraction, and inflammation. No differences were detected for cardiac output, body fat, fat free mass, hematocrit, creatinine clearance, and the activity of drug metabolizing enzymes. These findings imply that, in general, lower total plasma concentrations of drugs can be expected in people living with CF, especially when pulmonary exacerbations are present. Given the potential effect of CF on plasma protein binding and the variability in outcome observed between studies, the clinical relevance of adapting existing dosage regimens should be evaluated on a case‐by‐case basis.
How does a reservoir affect the fish assemblage structure in a Mediterranean River (Turkey)?
Authors: Yalçın Özdilek Şükran , Partal Nurbanu , Mestav Burcu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMost rivers around the Mediterranean region, regardless of size, are interrupted by human induced barriers. Although various studies have been conducted to investigate the impacts of reservoirs on undisrupted freshwater biota, what kind of effects they exert on the distribution of freshwater fish assemblages with respect to the presence of invasive species remains to be answered. To attend to this research need, the Karamenderes River, which is disrupted by the Bayramiç Reservoir, was selected as the research site. Relying on the river continuum concept (RCC), we hypothesized that fish assemblages in a given river would demonstrate a gradual downstream change unless the river is interrupted by any reservoir. The ad hoc unweighted pair group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) agglomerative hierarchical cluster analyses revealed 11 fish assemblages 100 km down the studied river, which is characterized by four environmental gradients. Besides, co‐occurrence network analyses were performed to gain a better understanding of the constructs of the observed fish assemblages. The analyses yielded two distinct clusters along the river and showed that the Bayramiç Reservoir had no decisive part in the spatial clustering of these fish assemblages. The migratory species Anguilla anguilla was found only in and around the river mouth area. The co‐occurrence network analyses indicated that the freshwater, estuarine and introduced species were observable in distinct groups. It is notable that the non‐native Cyprinus carpio and invasive Carassius gibelio were determined in the native freshwater fish species module. The research evidenced that the reservoir had a triple effect, that is, a migration barrier to migratory fish species, a donor facilitating invasion, and a cause of homogenization of river fish assemblages along the river. The results suggest that the impact of the reservoir should be assessed in view of multiple nested model and fish passageways and controlling invasive species are two contradictory problems as far as the impacts of reservoirs are concerned. Therefore, river management should be performed in a way to allow the native migratory species to migrate freely while preventing the introduced species from moving upstream or downstream to preserve and promote rivers' heterogeneity.
Multirange percolation on oriented trees: Critical curve and limit behavior
Authors: de Lima Bernardo N. B. , Szabó Réka , Valesin Daniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe consider an inhomogeneous oriented percolation model introduced by de Lima, Rolla and Valesin. In this model, the underlying graph is an oriented rooted tree in which each vertex points to each of its children with “short” edges, and in addition, each vertex points to each of its descendant at a fixed distance with “long” edges. A bond percolation process is then considered on this graph, with the prescription that independently, short edges are open with probability and long edges are open with probability . We study the behavior of the critical curve : we find the first two terms in the expansion of as . We also prove limit theorems for the percolation cluster in the supercritical, subcritical and critical regimes.
Ultrasmall Ruthenium Nanoparticles with Boosted Antioxidant Activity Upregulate Regulatory T Cells for Highly Efficient Liver Injury Therapy
Authors: Xia Fan , Hu Xi , Zhang Bo , Wang Xun , Guan Yunan , Lin Peihua , Ma Zhiyuan , Sheng Jianpeng , Ling Daishun , Li Fangyuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNanozymes exhibiting antioxidant activity are beneficial for the treatment of oxidative stress‐associated diseases. Ruthenium nanoparticles (RuNPs) with multiple enzyme‐like activities have attracted growing attention, but the relatively low antioxidant enzyme‐like activities hinder their practical biomedical applications. Here, a size regulation strategy is presented to significantly boost the antioxidant enzyme‐like activities of RuNPs. It is found that as the size of RuNPs decreases to ≈2.0 nm (sRuNP), the surface‐oxidized Ru atoms become dominant, thus possessing an unprecedentedly boosted antioxidant activity as compared to medium‐sized (≈3.9 nm) or large‐sized counterparts (≈5.9 nm) that are mainly composed of surface metallic Ru atoms. Notably, based on their antioxidant enzyme‐like activities and ultrasmall size, sRuNP can not only sustainably ameliorate oxidative stress but also upregulate regulatory T cells in late‐stage acetaminophen (APAP)‐induced liver injury (ALI). Consequently, sRuNPs perform highly efficient therapeutic efficiency on ALI mice even when treated at 6 h after APAP intoxication. This strategy is insightful for tuning the catalytic performances of nanozymes for their extensive biomedical applications.
Privacy protection in smart meters using homomorphic encryption: An overview
Authors: Abreu Zita , Pereira Lucas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article presents an overview of the literature on privacy protection in smart meters with a particular focus on homomorphic encryption (HE). Firstly, we introduce the concept of smart meters, the context in which they are inserted the main concerns and oppositions inherent to its use. Later, an overview of privacy protection is presented, emphasizing the need to safeguard the privacy of smart‐meter users by identifying, describing, and comparing the main approaches that seek to address this problem. Then, two privacy protection approaches based on HE are presented in more detail and additionally we present two possible application scenarios. Finally, the article concludes with a brief overview of the unsolved challenges in HE and the most promising future research directions.This article is categorized under:
Commercial, Legal, and Ethical Issues > Security and Privacy
Human gut microbiota composition and its predicted functional properties in people with western and healthy dietary patterns
Authors: Malinowska Anna M. , Kok Dieuwertje E. , Steegenga Wilma T. , Hooiveld Guido J. E. J. , Chmurzynska Agata 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Some dietary habits cluster together, and for this reason it is advised to study the impact of entire dietary patterns on human health, rather than that of individual dietary habits. The main objective of this study was to evaluate differences in gut microbiota composition and their predicted functional properties between people with a healthy (HDP) and western (WDP) dietary pattern.

Methods
A cross-sectional, observational study was carried out on 200 participants enrolled 2017–2018 in Poznań, Poland, equally distributed into HDP and WDP groups. Diet was estimated using 3-day food records and information on stool transit times was collected. Fecal microbiota composition was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and its functional properties were predicted by the PICRUSt2 workflow.

Results
The α-diversity did not differ between people with WDP and HDP, but β-diversity was associated with dietary pattern. People with HDP had higher relative abundances (RA) of Firmicutes and Faecalibacterium and lower RA of Bacteroidota and Escherichia–Shigella than participants with WDP. Only a small proportion of the variance in microbiota composition (1.8%) and its functional properties (2.9%) could be explained by dietary intake (legumes, simple sugars and their sources, like fruit, soft drinks) and stool transit characteristics.

Conclusion
Gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic potential is shaped by overall diet quality as well as the frequency of defecation; however, the cumulative effect of these explain only a relatively low proportion of variance.
Presurgical olfactory function as an indicator of the outcome of functional endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Hintschich Constantin A. , Pade Jürgen , Petridis Petros , Hummel Thomas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) often leads to impaired olfactory function and reduced quality of life. When conservative treatments such as nasal irrigation and topical steroids fail, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is often necessary, because it improves symptoms and enhances quality of life.

Materials and methods
A total of 88 patients was included in this prospective study. All subjects underwent an extensive examination both presurgically and 4 months after operations including nasal endoscopy and psychophysical olfactory testing (Sniffin’ Sticks). Moreover, disease-specific quality of life was assessed and presurgical CT scans were rated regarding the opacification of the paranasal sinuses.

Results
Presurgically psychophysical tests showed an overall olfactory dysfunction. Olfactory test results (TDI score) correlated with endoscopic (Lund–Kennedy and Lildtholdt score) and CT scores (Lund–Mackay and TOCS scores). Four months after surgery olfactory function was enhanced and quality of life significantly showed an overall improvement. However, the outcome was dependent on the extent of presurgical olfactory function: olfaction and quality of life improved most pronounced in anosmics compared to hyposmic and especially normosmic patients.

Conclusions
This study confirmed that FESS in CRSwNP leads to a significant improvement of both olfaction and disease-specific quality of life. Moreover, preoperative psychophysical assessment of the extent of olfactory dysfunction can help to objectively assess possible risks and expected benefits of the surgery in terms of olfaction and quality of life.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of adolescent depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated and individual-patient data from uncontrolled studies
Authors: Sigrist Christine , Vöckel Jasper , MacMaster Frank P. , Farzan Faranak , Croarkin Paul E. , Galletly Cherrie , Kaess Michael , Bender Stephan , Koenig Julian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive treatment for adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD). Existing evidence on the efficacy of TMS in adolescent MDD awaits quantitative synthesis. A systematic literature search was conducted, and data from eligible studies were synthesized using random-effects models. Treatment-covariate interactions were examined in exploratory analyses of individual-patient data (IPD). Systematic search of the literature yielded 1264 hits, of which 10 individual studies (2 randomized trials) were included for quantitative synthesis of mainly uncontrolled studies. Individual patient data (IPD) were available from five trials (all uncontrolled studies). Quantitative synthesis of aggregated data revealed a statistically significant negative overall standardized mean change (pooled SMCC = 2.04, 95% CI [1.46; 2.61], SE = 0.29, p < .001), as well as a significant overall treatment response rate (Transformed Proportion = 41.30%, 95% CI [31.03; 51.57], SE = 0.05; p < 0.001), considering data from baseline to post-treatment. Exploratory IPD analyses suggests TMS might be more effective in younger individuals and individuals with more severe depression, and efficacy might be enhanced with certain treatment modality settings, including higher number of TMS sessions, longer treatment durations, and unilateral and not bilateral stimulation. Existing studies exhibit methodological shortcomings, including small-study effects and lack of control group, blinding, and randomization—compromising the credibility of the present results. To date, two randomized controlled trials on TMS in adolescent depression have been published, and the only large-scale randomized trial suggests TMS is not more effective than sham stimulation. Future large-scale, randomized, and sham-controlled trials are warranted. Future trials should ensure appropriate selection of patients for TMS treatment and guide precision medicine approaches for stimulation protocols.
Inflationsgefahr im Euroraum — wie gelingt eine sanfte Landung?
Authors: Illing Gerhard 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhereas strong demand is a key factor driving high inflation in the US, inflation in the Euro Area is mainly due to adverse external supply shocks (in Europe, energy prices are much higher due to the war in Ukraine). Standard monetary policy response to such shocks is to accommodate first-round effects, to fight spiralling inflationary expectations in order to prevent second-round effects. Long run inflation expectations — as measured by the survey of professional forecasters — still seem to be well anchored. The ECB’s announced tightening intends to dampen rising household’s inflation expectations. Given the current high uncertainty about the economic outlook, a soft landing calls for modest, data-dependent steps, allowing for a reversal in case the outlook worsens.
Ein Update für die europäischen Fiskalregeln
Authors: Mühlbach Carl 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungAnalog zur Schuldenbremse wurden auch die europäischen Fiskalregeln während der Coronapandemie ausgesetzt. Die Rückkehr zum bestehenden System der europäischen Regeln ist für 2023 angedacht. Dies würde einen erheblichen Kürzungsdruck zur Folge haben. Die europäischen Fiskalregeln müssen dringend reformiert werden, um die fiskalpolitischen Fehler des vergangenen Jahrzehnts nicht zu wiederholen.
Influence of Low and Extreme Heat Fluxes on Thermal Degradation of Carbon Fibre-reinforced Polymers
Authors: Bibinger Johannes , Eibl Sebastian , Gudladt Hans-Joachim 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study considers the influence of different irradiation scenarios on the thermal degradation of carbon fibre-reinforced polymers (CFRP). Real threats are simulated, such as fires with long-lasting low heat fluxes and nuclear heat flashes with short-lasting high heat fluxes. For this purpose, coated and uncoated quasi-isotropic samples of the commercially available CFRP HexPly®8552/IM7 are thermally irradiated from one side by an electrical heater of a cone calorimeter and a xenon short-arc lamp of a laboratory heat flash simulator with heat fluxes between 5 and 175 W/cm2at varying time intervals. The specimens’ temperature is recorded on the front and back side as well as at different laminate depths. The CFRP are analyzed with ultrasonic testing (UT), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-focused computed X-Ray tomography (μCT). Destructive tests are performed to determine the mechanical properties in terms of interlaminar shear, compressive and tensile strength. When samples of CFRP are exposed to higher heat flux, high temperatures and temperature gradient values occur along the cross-section. As a result, extreme damage gradients appear in the material, leading to changes in damage behavior and loss of mechanical properties within seconds. However, to ensure the safety of the material in case of thermal exposure, loading limits are introduced, indicating the threshold for strength collapse. In addition, with the application of coatings, thermal degradation of CFRP can be delayed. Finally, the time-heat flux superposition principle is established to predict the residual strength under different loading scenarios.
Learning clinical skills: an ecological perspective
Authors: Brymer Eric , Schweitzer Robert D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe pedagogy underpinning clinical psychology training is often reliant upon the acquisition and transmission of knowledge and the practice of skills. The dominant paradigm in the training of clinical psychologists emphasises competence-based training drawing upon a scientist practitioner model of practice, often underpinned by knowledge of evidence-based interventions. Little has changed over the past 40 years. Training is predicated upon the assumption that effective therapy is attributed to the therapist’s skills to implement specific therapeutic processes and her or his capacity to form an effective working alliance with the client or patient. We provide an argument for an alternative paradigm in which ecological principles are privileged with a view to enhancing clinical training of psychologists in health settings responsive to the trainee as well as the broader societal context in which they practice, by adopting a pedagogy which prioritizes the relationship between the person and the environment. The proposed approach brings an ecological set of assumptions to the learning experience in clinical contexts. Key principles, drawn from an ecological perspective includes: affordances, the emergence of self-organisation in clinical learning, constraints and rate limiters. The approach is supported by examples applied to clinical learning contexts. Implications for clinical training are discussed. The ways in which an ecological approach may contribute to more effective learning outcomes through the use of representative learning contexts may inform learning design, how learning is actioned in clinical psychology as well as future research on the pedagogy of clinical training.