bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined Surgical Dislocation and Periacetabular Osteotomy for Complex Residual Legg-Calvé-Perthes Deformities
Authors: Nepple Jeffrey J. , Freiman Serena , Pashos Gail , Thornton Tanner , Schoenecker Perry L. , Clohisy John C. 
Published: February 2022

Update
This article was updated on May 27, 2022, because of an incorrect URL for the Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest on page 780.
An erratum has been published: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2022 Jul 6;104(13):e61.

Background:
Residual Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCP) deformities represent one of the most challenging disorders in hip reconstructive surgery. In complex cases, both instability (acetabular dysplasia) and multifocal femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) (proximal femoral deformities) require correction. We assessed intermediate-term patient-reported outcome measures, radiographic correction, complications, and survivorship for combined surgical dislocation (SD) and periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) for the treatment of complex LCP deformities.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was performed on 31 hips with complex LCP deformities undergoing combined SD and PAO for concurrent instability and FAI. Treatment included femoral head reshaping, trochanteric advancement and relative femoral neck lengthening, management of intra-articular lesions, and PAO. Twenty-seven hips (87%) had a minimum follow-up of 5 years. The mean age was 19.8 years, 56% of patients were female, and 44% of patients had undergone a previous surgical procedure.

Results:
At a mean of 8.4 years, 85% of hips (23 of 27) remained preserved (no conversion to total hip arthroplasty). The survivorship estimates were 93% at 5 years and 85% at 10 years. The median (and interquartile range) increased from 64 points (55, 67 points) to 92 points (70, 97 points) (p < 0.001) for the modified Harris hip score (mHHS) and from 60 points (45, 75 points) to 86 points (75, 100 points) (p = 0.001) for the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain score. Symptoms (mHHS < 70 points) were reported for an additional 19% of hips (n = 5) at the final follow-up. The University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) activity score increased from a median of 8 points (6, 10 points) to 9 points (7, 10 points) (p = 0.207). Structural correction included mean improvement (and standard deviation) of 15.3° ± 7.6° for acetabular inclination, 20.7° ± 10.8° for the lateral center-edge angle, 23.4° ± 16.3° for the anterior center-edge angle, and 18 ± 10 mm for trochanteric height (p < 0.001 for all). Complications occurred in 2 hips (7%), including 1 deep wound infection and 1 superficial wound infection. There was 1 reoperation due to complication, but there were no nerve palsies, thromboembolic events, fractures, or nonunions.

Conclusions:
At an intermediate follow-up of combined SD and PAO for complex LCP deformities, 85% of hips were preserved. This procedure provides reliable deformity correction, major pain relief, improved function, and acceptable complication and failure rates.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Clear evidence against superconductivity in hydrides under high pressure
Authors: Hirsch J. E. , Marsiglio F. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Meissner effect, magnetic field expulsion, is a hallmark of superconductivity. Associated with it, superconductors exclude applied magnetic fields. Recently Minkov et al. presented experimental results reportedly showing “definitive evidence of the Meissner effect” in sulfur hydride and lan-thanum hydride under high pressure1, and more recently Eremets et al. argued that "the arguments against superconductivity (in hydrides) can be either refuted or explained"2. Instead, we show here that the evidence presented in those papers does not support the case for superconductivity in these materials. Together with experimental evidence discussed in earlier papers, we argue that this clearly indicates that hydrides under pressure are not high temperature superconductors.
Transcriptome analysis of spleen in chickens administered β-glucan derived from yeast cell wall
Authors: Cao Liting , Zhang Jianrong , Huang Huan , Gui Fuxing , xu Wei , Bi Shicheng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Our previous study shown that oral administration of a product contained yeast cell wall polysaccharides enhanced immune responses elicited by Newcastle disease virus and changed microbial community of cecum in chickens.
Results
The present study was design to investigate the potential molecular mechanism in relation to the immunomodulation of β-glucan in chickens. Using RNA-sequence (RNA-seq) technique, we identified 198 differential expression genes (DEGs) in spleen in chickens after oral administration of β-glucan. In addition, these DEGs were significantly enriched in 205 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 7 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways.
Conclusions
β-glucan might regulate chicken immune system by regulating expression of genes involved in cognition, cytokines, binding, enzyme activities and multiple signaling pathway.
Excellent outcomes arising from haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation in 64 children with chronic granulomatous disease: a retrospective study from a single-center
Authors: Tang Xiang-Feng , He Jian-xin , Lu Wei , Xi Xiao-Qin , Cao Xiu-Yan , Jing Yuan-Fang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a radical treatment for certain refractory patients with CGD. Haplo-HSCT have been used as treatments for CGD, however, only a few cases have been reported from a single center. There have been no previous publications relating to the combination of Haplo-HSCT combined with tp-UCB for the treatment of CGD. Here, we present the outcomes of 64 pediatric patients with CGD who underwent Haplo-HSCT combined with tp-UCB in our center.Methods: From May 2014 to November 2020, 64 consecutive children with CGD underwent allo-HSCT from Haplo-HSCT combined with tp-UCB in our center. We retrospectively collected their clinical data and analyzed the TRM, OS, and EFS survival.Results: The median days of neutrophil and platelet engraftment were 13 days and 22 days respectively. The cumulative incidence of grade III-IV aGVHD was 15.6% and that of cGVHD was 7.8%. In total, 60 patients achieved EFS during a median follow-up period of 885 days. The cumulative incidence of TRM, OS, and EFS were 6.9%, 93.1%, and 84.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Collectively, our data indicate that Haplo-HSCT combined with tp-UCB, can both provide good therapeutic effects for children with CGD.
An approach for evaluation of grading forecasting index of coal spontaneous combustion by temperature-programmed analysis
Authors: Wang Kai , Li Yang , Zhang Yanni , Deng Jun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Focused on the prediction and forecast index of coal spontaneous combustion, the temperature-programmed experiments were carried out to identify the releasing rule of the gaseous compounds with the consideration of coal particle sizes. Based on the method of growth rate analysis, critical and dry cracking temperature temperatures were determined, dividing the coal low-temperature oxidation process into three stages. The critical temperature for the spontaneous combustion of the coal is in the range of 60℃~70℃, with the dry cracking temperature ranging from 100℃ to 110℃. It was found that the particle sizes had obvious effects on the release of gaseous compounds during the coal heating test. To reduce the influence of coal particle size on the forecasting of coal spontaneous combustion, the combination methods of coefficient of variation and the weighted grey relational analysis were proposed for the selection and evaluation of coal spontaneous combustion indexes. For the tested coal sample, CO2/CO was selected as the first index, O2/(CO+CO2) and CO2/O2 as the second index. C2H4 and C2H6 were selected as the index gases to confirm that the coal oxidation reached the dry cracking temperature. This research could provide a reference for the determination of the grading forecasting index of coal spontaneous combustion.
A cross-sectional study of Simulium damnosum s.l. breeding sites and species distribution in sudan savanna, mixed savanna-forest and rainforest regions in Cameroon
Authors: Ayisi Franklin , Sedou Naniogué , Dieunang Stephanie Kouahou , Yaya Florent , Tchago Edmond François , Ndellejong Cosmas Ejong , Biholong Benjamin , Boakye Daniel Adjei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The presence of breeding sites and distribution of species of Simulium damnosum s.l are critical in understanding the epidemiology of onchocerciasis and evaluating the impact of elimination interventions. Reports on breeding sites and species distribution of members of S. damnosum s.l in Cameroon are scarce and the few available date back to more than 3 decades. The aim of this study is to provide information on S. damnosum breeding sites across the rainy (RS) and dry (DS) seasons and the species composition in three different regions in Cameroon: Southwest (SW), Northwest (NW) and North (N).Methods: A cross-sectional two-seasons study was carried out in three regions with different ecological characteristics (SW – rainforest; NW- mixed forest-Guinea savanna; N- Sudan savanna). Pre-control onchocerciasis endemicity, relief maps and historical entomological information were used to identify potential rivers for purposive sampling. Sampled larvae were fixed in Carnoy’s solution, sorted and S. damnosum s.l larvae stored until identification by cytotaxonomy. Geographical coordinates of potential breeding sites were recorded to produce maps using ArcGIS, while SPSS used for Chi-square test to estimate difference between blackfly seasonal breeding rates.Results: 237 potential breeding sites were sampled (RS=81; DS=156) and 72 were found positive for S. damnosum s.l. SW had the most positive sites [67 (RS=24; DS=43)], having significant difference in rate of breeding between the seasons (p<0.05). Among 68 sites visited in both seasons, 16(23.5%) were positive in one of two seasons, 14(20.6%) and 38(55.9%) respectively positive and negative in both seasons, and more sites positive in DS(11) than in RS(05). Simulium damnosum s.s and S. sirbanum were the main species in N while S. squamosum and S. mengense the predominant species in NW and SW. S. soubrense and S. yahense were uniquely recorded in SW.Conclusions: A comprehensive mapping of breeding sites requires rainy and dry seasons sampling. Study also demonstrates S. damnosum s.l breeding site survey is achievable in forest as in savanna zones. Not all potential breeding sites are actual breeding sites. Observation of S. soubrense in SW indicates changes in species composition over time and could affect onchocerciasis epidemiology in this area.
Over 200,000 kilometers of river-fish habitat is lost to impoundments in Europe.
Authors: Parasiewicz Piotr , Belka Kamila , Lapinska Malgorzata , Ławniczak Karol , Prus Paweł , Adamczyk Mikołaj , Buras Paweł , Szlakowski Jacek , Kaczkowski Zbigniew , Krause Konga , O'Keeffe Joanna , Suska Katarzyna , Ligięza Janusz , Melcher Andreas , O'Hanley Jesse , Birnie-Gauvin Kim , Aarestrup Kim , Jones Peter , Jones Joshua , de Leaniz Carlos Garcia , Tummers Jeroen , Consuegra Sofia , Kemp Paul , Schwedhelm Hannah , Popek Zbigniew , Segura Gilles , Vallesi Sergio , Zalewski Maciej , Wiśniewolski Wiesław 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We estimate over 200,000 km or 10% of previously free-flowing river habitat length has been lost due to impoundments, an amount equivalent to the entire length of rivers in Italy. This loss strongly depends on the biogeographical location and a type of impounding barrier. European rivers are disconnected by more than one million man-made barriers that physically limit or completely block aquatic species migration and contribute to the loss of freshwater habitats8. One of the pervasive effects of barriers is the one caused by impoundment, which directly modifies lotic (flowing) stretches of river into lentic (lake-like) habitats5. Depending on structure and composition of fish communities expected at the barrier location the biological consequences may vary. EU-wide analysis of fish communities observed at river sections with low human induced alteration resulted in a macrohabitat classification of European rivers into 15 river types with expected fish community structure. This set a baseline for assessing the impacts of six main barrier types (dams, weirs, sluices, culverts, ramps, and fords) on river fish habitats across Europe. The largest habitat losses are caused by dams, weirs and sluices in mountainous areas where fish most sensitive to ponding are expected. Although many impoundments are smaller than in lowlands their individual impacts are the greatest. Hence, regional variation in the magnitude of impoundment impact is not only a function of barrier height and density, but to large extent of biogeographical location and barrier type. Strategies for enhancing European riverine biodiversity should focus on prioritization of most sensitive regions and barrier types causing high degree of habitat fragmentation. This work is based on four novel methodological approaches: fish community grouping into habitat use guilds, continental river reference model for ecological sound river management, landscape scale application of physical habitat models and conceptual model of impoundment impacts on fish habitat.
Dexmedetomidine preconditioning alleviates H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells via p38MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Long Songkai , Zhong Huanhui , Zhao Chengda , Xia Dan , Liang Na , Zhou Qier , Li Wanjun , Liu Jia , Wang Baiyun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the main cause of perioperative organ injury, and the morbidity increase constantly in population. Due to a lack of effective treatment, IRI is associated with a high mortality rate. Thus, we need to discover an effective means to alleviate IRI.Methods: HUVECs were treated with different concentrations of H2O2 alone and in combination with Dex to explore the dose-effect relationship of different concentrations of H2O2 and Dex on HUVEC. In order to explore the relationship between Dex and p38MAPK signal pathway, HUVEC was treated with SB202190, an inhibitor of p38MAPK signal pathway. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 method. ELISA kit was used to detect lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Fluorescence probe DCFH-DA staining was used to detect ROS level. Flow cytometry analysis with Propidium Iodide (PI) was used to determine the rate of cell apoptosis. And the protein expression of p-p38MAPK, total p38MAPK, p-ERK1/2 and caspase9 was detected by western blot.Results: 1）H2O2 could damage HUVEC and lead to the release of LDH. The higher the concentration of H2O2, the more severe the injury. 2）Dex pretreatment attenuated H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury and apoptosis of HUVEC. The cell activity of HUVEC increase as Dex concentration increase, the release of LDH decreased, the intracellular ROS level and apoptosis rate decreased, the protein expression of p-p38MAPK and caspase9 decreased, while the protein expression of p-ERK1/2 increased. 3）Dex had the same effect as SB202190, an inhibitor of p38MAPK signaling pathway. After the application of SB202190, the activity of HUVECs increased significantly, while LDH, intracellular ROS and apoptosis rate decreased significantly. Western blot showed that the protein expression of p-p38MAPK and caspase9 decreased significantly, while the protein levels of p-ERK1/2 increased significantly.Conclusion: 1）Dex attenuates H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury and apoptosis of HUVEC in a concentration-dependent. 2）Dex may attenuate H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury and apoptosis of HUVEC by inhibiting p38MAPK signal pathway.
Factors of family impact in a Swedish-German cohort of children born with esophageal atresia
Authors: Dellenmark-Blom Michaela , Abrahamsson Kate , Dingemann Jens , Witt Stefanie , Dingemann Carmen , Jönsson Linus , Gatzinsky Vladimir , Bullinger Monika , Ure Benno M , Chaplin John E , Quittman Julia H 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: After repair of esophageal atresia (EA), childhood survivors commonly present with digestive and respiratory morbidity, and around 55% have associated anomalies. Although it is known that these problems can reduce health-related quality of life in children with EA, less is understood about the impact on the family. We aimed to identify factors related to family impact in children with EA. Methods: One parent each of a child with EA (2-18 years) in 180 families from Sweden and Germany answered the PedsQL™ Family Impact Module as the dependent variable. The independent variables were the child's parent-reported health-related quality of life as measured by PedsQLTM 4.0, current symptoms, school situation, and parent/family characteristics together with child clinical data from the medical records. Results: Stepwise multivariable regression analysis showed a multifactorial model of the total family impact scores (R2=0.60), with independent factors being the child's overall generic health-related quality of life, school-absence ≥1/month, severe tracheomalacia, a family receiving carer's allowance, and a parent with no university/college education, p<0.05. Logistic regression analysis showed that an increased number of symptoms in the child the preceding four weeks lowered the family impact scores; however, the child's feeding (R2=0.35) and digestive symptoms (R2=0.25) explained more in the variation of scores than the child's respiratory symptoms (R2=0.09), p<0.0001. Conclusions: Family functioning may be a contributing factor to the maintenance of child health. The study findings suggest multifactorial explanations to family impact in children with EA, which are essential when optimizing the support to these families in clinical and psychosocial practice. Future research should explore experiences of family impact from all family members’ perspectives and multicenter studies are warranted to understand better the effectiveness of psychosocial-educational interventions to families of children with EA.
Effect of GaAlAs 940nm Photobiomodulation on palatal wound healing after Free Gingival Graft Surgery: A split mouth randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Tehrani Ghazal Morshedzadeh , Aslroosta Hoori , Vafaei Mahsa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on wound healing, pain, and discomfort at free gingival graft (FGG) donor sites.Methods: Sixteen patients in need of bilateral FGG were selected for this randomized, controlled, triple-blinded, and split mouth clinical trial. The FGG donor sites in test group were treated with LLLT GaAlAs 940nm, 5J/cm2 immediately after surgery and every other day within the following ten days. The control group received sham irradiation. Remaining Wound Area (RWA), Epithelialization and color match were evaluated on the day of surgery and 7, 14, 21, 28, and 60 days after surgery. A questionnaire was administered to measure pain and bleeding in the first ten days after surgery. Results: RWA was significantly smaller in the test than control group on the days 7 (P<0.001) and 14 (P=0.048) after the surgery. Bleeding was higher in the test group than in the control group on the day of surgery (P=0.046). Pain and discomfort at the palatal donor site, however, had no significant difference between laser and control group during 11 days after the surgery (P> 0.05), nor did the Color match scores on the 28th and 60th days after the surgery (P> 0.05). Conclusions: It can be concluded that PBM enhances FGG donor site wound healing one and two weeks after the surgery.Trial registration: IRCT2017092036203N2, registered 01.11.2017.
Fluctuating nanofluid environments induce prebiotic condensation in water
Authors: de Herrera A. Greiner , Markert T. , Trixler F. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A long-standing, crucial problem in the research on the chemical evolution towards the origin of life is the so-called “water paradox”. It states that although water is essential to life, key chemical reactions such as the synthesis of RNA are inhibited by it. Current strategies to circumvent this paradox have low prebiotic plausibility when taking the conservative nature of evolution into account. Here, we report a solution to overcome the paradox in line with evolutionary conservatism. The solution enables spontaneous abiotic RNA formation in aqueous environments. It is based on fluctuating nanofluid conditions that alter critical properties of water. These conditions are generated in temporal nanoconfinements that emerge in aqueous particle suspensions of varied composition – a geochemically ubiquitous and thus prebiotic highly plausible environment. We demonstrate that this type of abiotic environment allows prebiotic condensation reactions in water under stable, moderate conditions and is consistent with the basic principle that evolution builds on existing pathways, as living cells also work with temporal nanoconfined water. Our results not only contribute to key issues in prebiotic chemistry as they trace evolutionary conservatism back to the era of prebiotic chemical evolution of biopolymers and combine this with a setting of geochemical ubiquity. They are also highly relevant for the development of green chemistry approaches in materials science and nanotechnology, as demonstrated by biomolecular catalysis of organic semiconductor deposition under such conditions.
Reducing household air pollution exposure to improve early child growth and development; a randomized control trial protocol for the "Poriborton-Extension: The CHANge trial".
Authors: Raynes-Greenow Camille H , Billah SK Masum , Islam Sajia , Rokonuzzaman SM , Tofail Fahmida , Kirkwood Elizabeth , Alam Ashraful , Chartier Ryan , Ferdous Tarana E , Arifeen Shams El , Dibley Michael , Homaira Nusrat , Hayes Alison , Thornburg Jonathan , Kelly Patrick 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background : Globally, household air pollution (HAP) is a leading environmental cause of morbidity and mortality. Our trial aims to assess the impact of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for cooking to reduce household air pollution exposure on child health outcomes, compared to usual cooking practices in Bangladesh. The primary aim is to evaluate if reduced exposure to HAP through the provision of LPG for cooking from early gestation through to age two improves child anthropometry, health and neuro-cognitive developmental outcomes, compared to children exposed to emissions from usual practice. Methods : Two-arm parallel cluster randomized controlled trial (cCRT). We will extend the intervention and follow-up of our existing ‘Poriborton’ trial. In a subset of the original surviving participants, we will supply LPG cylinders and LPG stoves (intervention) compared to usual cooking practices and extend the follow-up to 24 months of age. The expected final sample size, for both (intervention and control) is 1854 children with follow-up to two years of age available for analysis. Discussion : This trial will answer important research gaps related to HAP and child health and neuro-cognitive developmental outcomes. This evidence will help to understand the impact of a HAP intervention on child health to inform policies for the adoption of clean fuel in Bangladesh and other similar settings. Trial registration : The Poriborton: Change trial: Household Air Pollution and Perinatal and early Neonatal mortality is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12618001214224, original trial registered on 19th July 2018, extension approved on 23rd June 2021. www.anzctr.org.au.