bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of microwave‐assisted extraction with dispersive micro solid‐phase extraction as an efficient sample pretreatment method for the extraction of some antiparasitic drugs from cow liver, meat, and kidney samples
Authors: Kochameshki Babak Khalilzadeh , Javadi Afshin , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza , Mirzaee Hamid , Farajzadeh Mir Ali 
Published: September 2022

A simple pretreatment method based on the combination of microwave‐assisted extraction and dispersive micro solid phase extraction has been developed for the extraction of eprinomectin, doramectin, ivermectin, and abamectin from cow meat, liver, and kidney samples. The extracted drugs were determined using high‐performance liquid chromatography equipped with a diode array detector. In this method, the solid samples were mixed with deionized water and organic solvent mixture, and the resulting mixtures were exposed to microwave irradiations to accelerate the analytes’ extraction from the samples into the solution. Then, the supernatant was taken and mixed with a mixture of three sorbents optimized by a simplex centroid design. After vortexing and centrifuging, the sorbent particles were isolated and the adsorbed analytes onto the sorbent surface eluted with a natural deep eutectic solvent for more concentration. After centrifuging, the supernatant was taken and injected into the separation system. Acceptable repeatability (relative standard deviations ≤7.0%), high extraction recoveries (72%–86%) and enrichment factors (216–258), and low limits of detection and quantification (0.06–0.10 and 0.19–0.32 ng/g, respectively) were acquired. The method was successfully applied for the assessment of the analytes in the mentioned samples and ivermectin was found in three samples.
Comparing immediate‐ and delayed‐onset posttraumatic stress disorder: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions–III (NESARC‐III)
Authors: Bourgault Zoe , Ibrahim Christine , Le Foll Bernard , Hassan Ahmed N. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDelayed‐onset posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined as a period of 6 months or more between trauma exposure and episode onset. Due to the limited research and lack of epidemiological studies on this form of the disorder, we investigated its prevalence, clinical features, and psychiatric comorbidities in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. Using National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions–III (NESARC‐III) data collected from individuals who met the DSM‐5 criteria for PTSD (N = 1,980), we compared delayed‐ and immediate‐onset PTSD with regard to demographic and clinical variables, including comorbidity with psychiatric and substance use disorder (SUD) diagnoses. The overall prevalence of delayed‐onset PTSD was 11.0%. Respondents with delayed‐onset PTSD were more likely than those with immediate‐onset PTSD to report active military combat exposure, more physical and emotional difficulties, and higher levels of pain; these individuals were also more likely to be divorced and less likely to meet the diagnostic criteria for select SUDs. After adjusting for confounding variables, we found a decreased risk of delayed‐onset PTSD among individuals with hallucinogen use disorder, OR = 0.30; 95% CI [0.11, 0.87], d = 0.5. We found no significant associations between PTSD onset status and any other SUD, including alcohol use disorder, after adjusting for covariates. Further longitudinal research is required to investigate the temporal associations between PTSD onset and its clinical characteristics and comorbidities, as this could have implications on disorder progression and treatment approaches.
Predator avoidance influences selection of neonatal lambing habitat by Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep
Authors: Forshee Shannon C. , Mitchell Michael S. , Stephenson Thomas R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo improve lifetime reproductive success, maternal ungulates should pursue behavioral strategies that reduce risk of offspring mortality. Predation is a leading cause of neonatal mortality; thus, maternal ungulates should select habitat that reduces risk of predation on vulnerable neonates. We examined selection of habitat across subpopulations of federally endangered Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis sierrae) within Sierra Nevada, California, USA, 2008–2018. Our objectives were to understand how maternal Sierra Nevada bighorn minimize risk of predation through selection of habitat and to quantify current and future potential neonatal habitat across the Sierra Nevada. Mountain lions (Puma concolor) are the predominant predators of adult Sierra Nevada bighorn; thus, we hypothesized females would select habitat that minimized risk of predation from mountain lions. We developed a used‐available resource selection function to quantify patterns of habitat selection and produced predictive maps identifying highly selected lambing habitat across the Sierra Nevada. Our top model demonstrated females selected habitat where the relative probability of encountering mountain lions was low and near escape terrain. Selection for vegetation type was dependent on risk of encounter with mountain lions; when risk of encounter was low, females selected shrub cover. This suggests that when risk of encountering mountain lions was low, females may have selected areas with dense shrubs to reduce risk of being detected by other predators such as coyotes (Canis latrans) and golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos). As risk of encountering mountain lions increased, females avoided all vegetation types other than barren, suggesting that despite increased risk of encounter, females may have been able to mitigate overall mortality risk by selecting habitat where approaching mountain lions could be detected and avoided. Our predictive models and resulting maps demonstrate differences in prevalence and connectivity of highly selected lambing habitat across subpopulations, which may explain differences in lamb recruitment and adequacy of lambing habitat observed among subpopulations. Recolonization into historical ranges and increasing connectivity between Sierra Nevada bighorn subpopulations is an important conservation need for species recovery and long‐term viability of fragmented subpopulations.
Toward 3D‐Bioprinted Models of the Liver to Boost Drug Development
Authors: Guagliano Giuseppe , Volpini Cristina , Briatico‐Vangosa Francesco , Cornaglia Antonia Icaro , Visai Livia , Petrini Paola 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe main problems in drug development are connected to enormous costs related to the paltry success rate. The current situation empowered the development of high‐throughput and reliable instruments, in addition to the current golden standards, able to predict the failures in the early preclinical phase. Being hepatotoxicity responsible for the failure of 30% of clinical trials, and the 21% of withdrawal of marketed drugs, the development of complex in vitro models (CIVMs) of liver is currently one of the hottest topics in the field. Among the different fabrication techniques, 3D‐bioprinting is emerging as a powerful ally for their production, allowing the manufacture of three‐dimensional constructs characterized by computer‐controlled and customized geometry, and inter‐batches reproducibility. Thanks to these, it is possible to rapidly produce tailored cell‐laden constructs, to be cultured within static and dynamic systems, thus reaching a further degree of personalization when designing in vitro models. This review highlights and prioritizes the most recent advances related to the development of CIVMs of the hepatic environment to be specifically applied to pharmaceutical research, with a special focus on 3D‐bioprinting, since the liver is primarily involved in the metabolism of drugs.
T2‐weighted MRI and reduced‐FOV diffusion‐weighted imaging of the human pancreas at 5 T: A comparison study with 3 T
Authors: Zheng Liyun , Yang Chun , Liang Liang , Rao Shengxiang , Dai Yongming , Zeng Mengsu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of pancreatic imaging at 5 T and evaluate the practical improvement of T2‐weighted MRI and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) at 5 T as compared with 3 T.MethodsEighteen healthy subjects were recruited for this pilot study. MRI examinations were performed using 3 and 5 T scanners. MRI sequences included T2‐weighted fast spin‐echo and DWI with reduced field‐of‐view. Subjective image analysis using a four‐point Likert scale was performed by two experienced radiologists. The SNR, contrast ratio, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured in the pancreatic head, body, and tail. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the ADC was calculated. A series of paired Wilcoxon tests were used to compare the subjective image quality, mean ADC value, and CV of ADC between the 3 and 5 T measurements. p <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsFor T2‐weighted images, there were no significant differences in image quality ratings between 3 and 5 T. On DWI images (b = 0 and 800 s/mm2), the image quality ratings were significantly higher at 5 T than at 3 T. The SNRs of both T2‐weighted and DWI images were significantly higher at 5 T. There was no significant difference in the mean ADC values and CV of ADC between 3 and 5 T.ConclusionThis initial study proved that 5 T MRI can be used to acquire pancreatic images with higher SNR and sufficient image quality compared to 3 T MRI.
The quality of occupational healthcare for carpal tunnel syndrome, healthcare expenditures, and disability outcomes: A prospective observational study
Authors: Nuckols Teryl K. , Dworsky Michael , Conlon Craig , Robbins Michael , Benner Douglas , Seabury Seth , Asch Steven M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroduction/aimsIn prior work, higher quality care for work‐associated carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) was associated with improved symptoms, functional status, and overall health. We sought to examine whether quality of care is associated with healthcare expenditures or disability.MethodsAmong 343 adults with workers' compensation claims for CTS, we created patient‐level aggregate quality scores for underuse (not receiving highly beneficial care) and overuse (receiving care for which risks exceed benefits). We assessed whether each aggregate quality score (0%–100%, 100% = better care) was associated with healthcare expenditures (18‐mo expenditures, any anticipated need for future expenditures) or disability (days on temporary disability, permanent impairment rating at 18 mo).ResultsMean aggregate quality scores were 77.8% (standard deviation [SD] 16.5%) for underuse and 89.2% (SD 11.0%) for overuse. An underuse score of 100% was associated with higher risk‐adjusted 18‐mo expenditures ($3672; 95% confidence interval [CI] $324 to $7021) but not with future expenditures (−0.07 percentage points; 95% CI −0.48 to 0.34), relative to a score of 0%. An overuse score of 100% was associated with lower 18‐mo expenditures (−$4549, 95% CI −$8792 to −$306) and a modestly lower likelihood of future expenditures (−0.62 percentage points, 95% CI −1.23 to −0.02). Quality of care was not associated with disability.DiscussionImproving quality of care could increase or lower short‐term healthcare expenditures, depending on how often care is currently underused or overused. Future research is needed on quality of care in varied workers' compensation contexts, as well as effective and economical strategies for improving quality.
Non‐Darcian flow toward an injection well fully penetrating a leaky confined aquifer with clogging‐induced permeability reduction
Authors: Li Jiong , Li Ming‐Guang , Zhan Hongbin , Chen Jin‐Jian , Xia Xiao‐He 
Published: September 2022

AbstractManaged aquifer recharge (MAR) using aquifer injection wells is generally developed with the validity of Darcy's law and assumption of a constant hydraulic conductivity, hence ignoring the non‐Darcian nature of groundwater flow and the spatiotemporal permeability reduction owing to well and aquifer clogging. In this study, an Izbash's law‐based analytical model is proposed for constant‐rate recharge (CRR) and constant‐head recharge (CHR) with special consideration of well and aquifer clogging using a time‐dependent hydraulic conductivity (K) function. By means of linearization approximations, variable substitutions and Hankel and Weber transforms, approximate analytical solutions for the model are derived. The early‐time and late‐time solutions and the steady‐state solutions are also derived using the developed approximate solutions. A comparison with numerical solutions indicates that the approximate solutions are highly accurate except during the short period of initial recharge stage. Then, a semi‐log graphic approach based on the developed solutions is tendered for estimating parameters associated with the clogging effect and non‐Darcian aquifer property. The proposed model offers a straightforward way for the quantitative assessment of the non‐Darcian flow dynamics in confined aquifers experiencing clogging and can be adopted for the estimation and prediction of clogging‐related permeability reduction in MAR using aquifer injection wells.
An analysis of factors that influence patient preference of third‐line therapy for overactive bladder
Authors: Kapur Anjali , Harandi Arshia Aalami , Cohen Tal , Ruan Heng , Dabrowski Colin , Anderson Rebecca , Hwang Kuemin , Lee Edwin , Weissbart Steven , Kim Jason 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivePatients with overactive bladder (OAB) refractory to first‐ and second‐line therapy may pursue third‐line therapies, including intradetrusor onabotulinum toxin‐A (BTX), peripheral tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS), and sacral neuromodulation (SNM). The factors that influence patient preference for each treatment modality have not yet been explored. This study sought to investigate the specific parameters that patients consider in choosing a third‐line therapy for OAB.MethodsPatients refractory to first‐ and second‐line therapies for OAB were identified in our outpatient clinic and asked to watch an educational video providing information on the risks and benefits of each third‐line treatment option. They were then given a questionnaire to rank their preference of therapy and select reasons for why they found each therapy favorable and unfavorable. Patients under age 18 years, non‐English speakers, those with a developmental disability, and those with a diagnosis of neurogenic bladder were excluded.ResultsOf the 98 patients included in the study, 40 participants (40.8%) chose intradetrusor BTX injections, 34 (34.7%) chose PTNS, and 16 (16.3%) chose SNM as their first choice. Seven patients (7.1%) chose none of the offered therapies, and one patient (1.0%) chose all three therapies with equal preference. BTX was found most attractive for its long efficacy (47%); its least attractive feature was the potential need for self‐catheterization due to urinary retention (54%). PTNS was found most attractive for being a nonsurgical option (32%) and having no reported significant complications (39%); its least attractive feature was need for frequent office visits (61%). SNM was found most attractive for its potential for long‐term relief without frequent office visits (53%); its least attractive feature was need for an implanted device (33%). Patients opting for SNM had higher scores on Urinary Distress Inventory‐6 and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire‐7 questionnaires when compared to patients opting for BTX injections or PTNS (p < 0.05). 47.4% of patients eventually pursued a third‐line therapy. Of those, there was a 67.6% concordance rate between the therapy patients ranked first and the therapy they eventually underwent.ConclusionsPatients with more severe OAB symptoms opt for more invasive and less time‐consuming therapy with the potential for long‐term relief, namely SNM. Despite thorough counseling, many patients do not progress to advanced OAB therapies. Understanding factors that influence patients' affinity toward a specific type of treatment can aid with individualized counseling on third‐line OAB therapies.
Chitosan sponges and polycaprolactone nanoparticles carrying tranexamic acid as hemostatic agent: Synthesis, characterization and bioapplication
Authors: dos Santos Maria Carolina Fernandes , dos Santos Cavalcante Luiza Peixoto , de Andrade Karlivânia Ferreira , da Silva Alan Frazão , de Araújo Ferreira Muniz Isis , de Lima Jefferson Muniz , Aguiar Rebeca Tibau , Tavares Josean Fechine , Castellano Lúcio Roberto Cançado , da Silva Sabrina Daniela , Bonan Paulo Rogério Ferreti 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the hemagglutinating activity of chitosan sponges (Cs) and polycaprolactone nanoparticles transporting tranexamic acid. Sponges were prepared in various concentrations, lyophilized, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, zeta potential, profilometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Samples were evaluated for hemagglutinating potential and clotting time. The results confirmed the presence of the three components in the biomaterial, as well as stability in the oral environment since the loss of mass occurred only at high temperatures. Microscopy and profilometry demonstrated the samples' porosity. Hemagglutination was found to be complete in the Cs100PCL0, Cs75PCL25+TXA, Cs50PCL50+TXA, and Cs75PCL25 sponges, and those with chitosan in their composition presented reduced clotting times as compared to the control. The innovative Cs have stability, porosity, complete hemagglutination, and were able to significantly reduce clotting time.
Time to defervescence evaluation for extended‐ vs. standard‐infusion cefepime in patients with acute leukemia and febrile neutropenia
Authors: Crawford Robert , Perkins Nicholson B. , Hobbs Diana A. , Hobbs Athena L. V. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesFebrile neutropenia (FN) occurs in up to 80% of patients with hematologic malignancies. Evidence suggests using extended infusions (EI) of beta‐lactams can improve outcomes in some populations, but there is limited clinical literature comparing cefepime standard infusion (SI) versus EI for FN. The FDA‐approved regimen for FN was used at a large community teaching hospital for patients with FN until a hospital‐wide EI beta‐lactam protocol was introduced that allowed for EI cefepime in FN at the physicians' discretion. We sought to compare outcomes between patients with FN who received SI and EI cefepime.MethodsPatients with acute myeloid or lymphocytic leukemia who developed FN between April 2014 and January 2021 were included in this single‐center, retrospective study. The primary outcome was to compare mean time to defervescence after the initiation of cefepime SI or EI regimens. SI regimens consisted of IV cefepime 2G q8h/0.5 h, and EI regimens as IV cefepime 1G q8h/4 h. Secondary outcomes included 30‐day all‐cause mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS), duration of cefepime, and need to escalate therapy.ResultsOverall, 193 patients were included. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Time to defervescence was significantly shorter with EI compared with the SI group (median 48 h [48–100.5] vs. 70 h [48–113], p = 0.005). Cefepime duration of therapy was significantly shorter in the EI compared with the SI group (median 6.0 days vs. 8.0 days, p = 0.002). There was no difference between other secondary outcomes including LOS, mortality, and antibiotic escalation.ConclusionDespite reduced total daily dose of cefepime, EI cefepime administered as a 1G/0.5 h LD followed 2 h later by 1G q8h/4 h for FN acutely achieves more rapid defervescence than the FDA‐approved SI regimen and ultimately attains comparable patient outcomes.
Parental attitude and Instagram addiction: The mediating role of obsessive‐compulsive disorder
Authors: Avci Ummuhan , Karaoglan Yilmaz Fatma Gizem , Yilmaz Ramazan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe study examined the relationship between democratic, authoritarian, and protective‐demanding parental attitudes, obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD), and Instagram addiction. It is based on the correlational research design in which the structural relationships between the variables were used. The study was carried out on 421 university students using Instagram. Of the students participating in the study, 233 were females (55.3%), and 188 were males (44.7%). Parental attitude scale, Instagram addiction scale, and OCD scale were used for the data collection, and Structural Equation Modeling was used for the data analysis. According to the study results, protective/demanding parental attitude significantly predicts OCD, OCD significantly indicates Instagram addiction, and OCD mediates the relationship between protective/demanding parental attitude and Instagram addiction. Conversely, democratic parental attitude does not predict OCD, and authoritarian parental attitude does not predict OCD. Based on the results of this study, protective/demanding parental involvement should be considered when preparing a strategic move to reduce OCD and prevent Instagram addiction among young people. In this a mediation model, the focus of intervention is OCD. Therefore, based on the results of this study, OCD should be considered when preparing a strategic move to prevent or treat Instagram addiction among young people.
Diagnostic ultrasound of the residual limb: A narrative review
Authors: Powell Jordan E. , Sparling Tawnee L. , Yuan Xiaoning 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGlobally, 57.7 million people lived with traumatic limb loss in 2017, with the prevalence of amputation in the United States alone expected to reach 3.6 million by 2050. Pain is a common complication after limb loss, with up to 59% of patients experiencing residual limb pain (RLP). Although RLP is often due to a structural etiology, it is difficult to treat because the exact structure involved is frequently not apparent on history and physical examination alone. This narrative review aims to summarize the available literature on diagnostic ultrasound of the residual limb and examine the utility of ultrasound in identifying specific pathology. A total of 31 peer‐reviewed manuscripts published between 1989 and 2021 were included, grouped by pathology. Although ultrasound presents a promising and cost‐effective approach to identifying pathology within the residual limb, many gaps remain in the current knowledge, and no specific protocol for a sonographic assessment of the residual limb has ever been proposed. Future studies of diagnostic ultrasound of the residual limb should focus on replicable sonographic techniques and standardized exam protocols.