bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multimodel ensemble machine learning approach for CMIP6 climate model projections in an Indian River basin
Authors: Dey Aiendrila , Sahoo Debi Prasad , Kumar Rohini , Remesan Renji 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMultimodel ensemble (MME) approach would help modellers to know the advantages of individual global circulation models (GCMs) and to avoid the weaknesses associated with them, and it would help the river basin modellers to make appropriate modelling decisions. The study highlights the river basin‐scale development of MME as a convenient way to reduce the parameter and structural uncertainties in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) GCMs simulations after identifying the best five CMIP6 GCMs based on the rating metric calculations. Furthermore, the performance of the MME was enhanced by integrating three machine learning algorithms (artificial neural network [ANN], random forest [RF], support vector machine [SVM]). Subsequently, comparative assessment depicted the improved performance in MME‐integrated ML algorithms compared to simple arithmetic mean (SAM) in simulating observed precipitation (P), maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin) over the Damodar River basin (DRB), India. The statistical metrics indicate that the SVM and RF methods yielded better results than SAM and ANN methods, thus selected for future projections. The robustness of the MME‐RF and MME‐SVM approach has also been observed while capturing the spatial pattern as IMD‐observed with well representation of climate indices for both wet and dry seasons. Future projections with MME‐SVM and MME‐RF suggested a possible rise in mean annual P in the range of 1.4–15% and 6.8–39% with an increasing trend in temperature (Tmax, Tmin) under the SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios, respectively. Replicating the spatial pattern of the future climatic variables projections evinced a warmer and drier climate in the southwest part of the DRB for both SSP scenarios during wet and dry season and thence warned a probable drier condition on the southwest part of the DRB in future time slices.
Integrated Photonics Based on Rare‐Earth Ion‐Doped Thin‐Film Lithium Niobate
Authors: Jia Yuechen , Wu Jiangwei , Sun Xiaoli , Yan Xiongshuo , Xie Ranran , Wang Lei , Chen Yuping , Chen Feng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRare‐earth (RE) ion doped crystalline materials have a wide spectrum of applications in lasers, amplifiers, sensors, as well as classical and quantum information processing. The incorporation of RE ions into integrated photonics holds great promise for enriching the designer's toolbox with a view to addressing key performance features not available in existing photonic integration platforms. RE‐ion‐doped thin‐film LiNbO3(also called RE‐ion‐doped lithium‐niobate‐on‐insulator, RE:LNOI), which inherits nearly all the material advantages as well as nanophotonic integration from the LNOI technology, meets the urgent demands for chip‐integrated laser sources, optical amplifiers, and quantum memories based on LNOI photonics. In this article, a timely review is provided on the development of RE:LNOI photonics in terms of ion‐doping techniques, chip‐integrated lasers, and amplifiers, as well as low‐temperature optical characterizations for quantum photonics. To conclude, some well‐noted topics that may shape the future directions in lithium–niobate integrated photonics are discussed.
Dynamics of Spin‐Dependent Polariton–Polariton Interactions in Two‐Dimensional Layered Halide Organic Perovskite Microcavities
Authors: Liu Tian‐Yu , Wang Hai , Song Mu‐Sen , Zhao Le‐Yi , Hu Zi‐Fan , Wang Hai‐Yu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHalf‐light and half‐matter exciton polaritons have demonstrated profound impacts on coherent quantum phenomena. Two‐dimensional (2D) organic−inorganic perovskite semiconductors, exhibiting large exciton binding energy and spin‐based behavior, are an excellent platform for the study of exciton polaritons at room temperature. However, the implementation of these fascinating coherent phenomena is still constrained by the lack of an understanding of the crucial polariton–polariton interaction effects. Here, an experimental observation of spin‐dependent polariton–polariton interactions in a prototype 2D organic−inorganic perovskite microcavity by circularly polarization‐resolved transient absorption (TA) measurements is reported. A power‐dependent blue shift of the lower polariton bands with the same spin is clearly revealed, whereas the energy band of the polariton bands with the opposite spin is almost not changed. Spectacularly, it is found that the energy band blue shift mainly takes place before the spin depolarization, which provides accurate evidence for the spin‐dependent polariton–polariton interactions. Furthermore, the strong coherent polariton–phonon coupling of perovskite microcavity has also been detected firstly in ultrafast TA dynamics. These results demonstrate that microcavity polaritons inheriting the matter properties from their excitonic constituents exhibit strong nonlinear interactions and pave the way for realizing coherent quantum phenomena at room temperature.
Relationship between the East Atlantic teleconnection pattern and the spring dust storm in northern China. Part‐I: Impacts of components of the atmospheric circulation over Eurasia on dust storm dynamic power—Spring gales
Authors: Gao Tao , Chang An , Yong Mei , Ma Jing , Yang Zelong , Yu Xiao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpring gale is a dynamic power for DSs (DSs), which presents a close connection with the DSs of northern China. Both display declining trends during the past 68 years (1954–2021). In this study, the influencing factors of spring gales and DSs around northern China and possible adjustment functions of the East Atlantic (EA) teleconnection pattern have been investigated. It was found that the major systems controlling spring gales include the North Polar vortex (NPV), mid–high‐latitude blocking highs (BHs), air pressure status of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) over the Eurasian continent, India–Burma trough (IBT) and western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH). Under synthetic atmospheric circulation conditions of an enlarged NPV, lower air pressure over the TP, a strong IBT, and a southeastward‐retreated WPSH, spring gales increase, and the frequency of DS occurrence is increased, and vice versa. Additionally, spring gales are also negatively affected by BHs. The most important is the Baikal BH, which has influence not only in previous seasons but also in the contemporary spring. Furthermore, the NPV and IBT have close negative correlation with the EA pattern, whereas the TP and WPSH have positive correlation with the EA pattern both in previous seasons and in the contemporary spring. A high‐pitched EA pattern results in a strong western current north of Lake Baikal, which may prohibit the expansion of the NPV in the sector of northern China. A shrunk NPV means infrequent cold air attacks and decreased gales and DSs.
Characterization of recycled and virgin polyethylene terephthalate composites reinforced with modified kenaf fibers for automotive application
Authors: Owen Macaulay M. , Achukwu Emmanuel O. , Hazizan Akil Md , Romli Ahmad Z. , Ishiaku Umaru S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe current research has produced engineering plastics composite for automotive applications using waste recycled plastic recycled polyethylene terephthalate (RPET) bottles as the matrix and compounded with chemically modified natural kenaf fibers in comparison with virgin polyethylene terephthalate (PET) composites under the same processing conditions. Kenaf fibers were surface modified by alkali and epoxy coating treatment methods. The waste RPET bottles which were mechanically recycled were pulverized using a 5 mm mesh size aperture into flakes and melt‐mixed with 10 wt% of short kenaf fibers in a twin‐screw extruder and compression‐molded at 240°С optimized temperature. Mechanical and thermal analyses were performed on both RPET, virgin PET (VPET), and their constituent kenaf composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out to assess the composite's morphological characteristics. The results show that both treated (TKF/RPET and TKF/VPET) composites gave higher mechanical properties compared to untreated (KF/RPET and KF/VPET) composites. RPET and its constituent composites show higher impact properties than VPET composites. However, the tensile and flexural strength of VPET composites was higher than that of recycled RPET composites. RPET and VPET showed melting peak temperatures of 252.9°C and 245.8°C respectively. Both treated TKF/RPET and TKF/VPET composites were more thermally stable and decomposed at higher temperatures compared to the untreated composites. The SEM results for both treated composites showed a strong fiber/matrix adhesion with no clear evidence of fiber degradation as compared to untreated composites. It can be concluded that RPET possessed similar thermal properties compared to its virgin counterpart and can serve as a substitute for virgin PET in the composite formulation.
Ultra‐lightweight 3D woven spacer integrated composites with stabilization of dielectric and robust mechanical properties at room and elevated temperatures
Authors: Zheng Liangang , Zhang Kun , Li Wuzhou , Xu Fujun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPolymer matrix composites with lightweight, low dielectric constant (ε) and dielectric loss tangent (tan δ), high‐temperature resistance, and excellent mechanical properties are urgently needed in the fields of aviation, aerospace, transportation, and wireless communication services. In this work, 3D woven spacer Kevlar/polyimide composites (3DKPC) with excellent dielectric properties and robust mechanical properties were designed and obtained by combining 3D weaving technology and thermal imidization process. Results show that the volume density of the prepared composites is as low as 0.24 g·cm−3, but its compressive strength can be up to 6.24 MPa. The dielectric constant and loss tangent of 3DKPC at room temperature are extremely low, with the value of ~1.32 and 6.9 × 10−3, respectively. Moreover, the compressive strength retention rate is more than 96% and the dielectric constant can be consistently lower than 1.36 when the temperature increases from 25 to 300°C, demonstrating the outstanding mechanical and dielectric stability of 3DKPC. In addition, as an application example of resulting composites, a microstrip antenna with 3DKPC as the substrate material was designed, followed by the simulation of its electromagnetic properties via High Frequency Structural Simulator. The results display that the gain of the microstrip antenna is 6.2 dB, which is superior to those of many other reported microstrip antennas, indicating that the 3DKPC proposed here has great application potential in aerospace, wireless communication, and other fields.
Preparation and characterization of porous polyimide fibers with electromagnetic wave absorption properties
Authors: Jiang Ming , Lin Daolei , Jia Wei , Du Jiang , Niu Hongqing , Wang Xiaodong , Wu Dezhen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe porous polyimide (PI) composite fibers, which exhibit high‐efficiency electromagnetic wave adsorption (EMWA) performance, were successfully fabricated by controlling temperature of the coagulation bath during the wet spinning process. The mechanical properties of composite fiber decreased and average radius of micropores increased gradually with the rise of coagulation bath temperature. In addition, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nano‐Fe3O4 were introduced into the system by in situ polymerization. CNTs and nano‐Fe3O4 contribute to the attenuation of electromagnetic wave (EMW) through microwave absorption and reflection loss (RL), and the porous structure was able to provide multiple reflection paths for incident EMW and achieved higher attenuation. Particularly, when the temperature of coagulation bath was 50°C, the minimum RL (RLmin) value of the PI/CNTs/nano‐Fe3O4 (PI/C‐Fe) composite fibers was demonstrated to be −54.61 dB with the matching thickness of 2.10 mm. The successful preparation of PI/C‐Fe composite fiber in this study pointed out a new direction for the application of PI‐based fiber materials in structural EMWA materials.
Belowground and aboveground herbivory differentially affect the transcriptome in roots and shoots of maize
Authors: Ye Wenfeng , Bustos‐Segura Carlos , Degen Thomas , Erb Matthias , Turlings Ted C. J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPlants recognize and respond to feeding by herbivorous insects by upregulating their local and systemic defenses. While defense induction by aboveground herbivores has been well studied, far less is known about local and systemic defense responses against attacks by belowground herbivores. Here, we investigated and compared the responses of the maize transcriptome to belowground and aboveground mechanical damage and infestation by two well‐adapted herbivores: the soil‐dwelling western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and the leaf‐chewing fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). In responses to both herbivores, maize plants were found to alter local transcription of genes involved in phytohormone signaling, primary and secondary metabolism. Induction by real herbivore damage was considerably stronger and modified the expression of more genes than mechanical damage. Feeding by the corn rootworm had a strong impact on the shoot transcriptome, including the activation of genes involved in defense and development. By contrast, feeding by the fall armyworm induced only few transcriptional changes in the roots. In conclusion, feeding by a leaf chewer and a root feeder differentially affects the local and systemic defense of maize plants. Besides revealing clear differences in how maize plants respond to feeding by these specialized herbivores, this study reveals several novel genes that may play key roles in plant–insect interactions and thus sets the stage for in depth research into the mechanism that can be exploited for improved crop protection.Significance statementExtensive transcriptomic analyses revealed a clear distinction between the gene expression profiles in maize plants upon shoot and root attack, locally as well as distantly from the attacked tissue. This provides detailed insights into the specificity of orchestrated plant defense responses, and the dataset offers a molecular resource for further genetic studies on maize resistance to herbivores and paves the way for novel strategies to enhance maize resistance to pests.
Effect of Nano‐Copper Chromite on the Thermal Decomposition and Combustion of AP‐Based Solid Propellants
Authors: Gou Bingwang , Kou Yong , Hu Yubing , Zhang Guangpu , Guo Hu , Xiao Lei , Zhao Fengqi , Gao Hongxu , Jiang Wei , Hao Gazi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis investigation was devoted to exploring the application performance of nano‐combustion catalyst CuCr2O4 in solid propellants. In this paper, raw CuCr2O4 and nano‐CuCr2O4 prepared by the mechanical grinding method were applied in solid propellants containing ammonium perchlorate (AP), which are ammonium perchlorate/ hydroxy‐terminated polybutadiene propellant (AP/HTPB) and ammonium perchlorate/composite modified double‐base propellant (AP/CMDB). And the scanning electron microscope, displacement volume method, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and strand burner method were employed to characterize the performance of AP‐based solid propellants. The results show that the AP/HTPB propellant has fewer defects on the surface of it due to the presence of nano‐CuCr2O4, but it has no significant effect on the AP/CMDB propellant. Nano‐CuCr2O4 can also significantly increase the density of AP/HTPB propellant and AP/CMDB propellant to 1.736 g/cm3 and 1.633 g/cm3, respectively. Nano‐CuCr2O4 obviously advances the decomposition temperature of AP/HTPB propellant and AP/CMDB propellant, which also increases the apparent heat of decomposition. In addition, the burning rate of nano‐CuCr2O4‐AP/HTPB propellant and nano‐CuCr2O4‐AP/CMDB propellant increased to 1.60 mm/s and 3.23 mm/s, with an increase of 28.3 % and 26.3 %, respectively. Therefore, nano‐CuCr2O4 is expected to be widely used in solid propellants due to its excellent properties.
Effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on anthropometric and cardiometabolic indices in overweight and obese patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Tahmasbi Fateme , Araj‐Khodaei Mostafa , Mahmoodpoor Ata , Sanaie Sarvin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe worldwide prevalence of obesity is approximately tripled between 1975 and 2016 according to World Health Organization; therefore, obesity is now considered a global pandemic that needs academic and clinical focus. In search of antiobesity agents, Crocus sativus, known widely as saffron, has been praised for its beneficial effects. Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted to investigate the weight lowering effect of saffron. Following PRISMA guidelines, several medical databases were comprehensively searched for RCTs with a population consisting of obese individuals. A random‐effects meta‐analysis was used to pool estimates across studies, and standardized mean difference (SMD) was used to synthesize quantitative results. Twenty‐five RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Meta‐analysis showed a nonsignificant decrease for weight (−0.32 kg; CI: −3.15, 2.51; p = 0.82), BMI (−0.06 kg/m2;CI:‐1.04,0.93; p = .91), waist circumference (−1.23 cm; CI: −4.14, 1.68; p = .41), and hip circumference (−0.38 cm; CI: −5.99, 5.23; p = .89) and a significant decrease of waist‐to‐hip ratio (SMD = −0.41; CI: −0.73, −0.09; p = .01; I2 = 0%). The mean difference in fasting blood sugar showed a significant reduction in patients with metabolic syndrome (SMD = −0.30; 95% CI: −0.63, 0.03; p = .07; I2 = 0.37%) but a nonsignificant change in the HbA1C level (WMD = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.41; p = .79). Despite bearing several limitations, mainly as a result of heterogeneity among included studies, the available evidence indicates saffron supplementation shows promising effects on some cardiometabolic factors among overweight to obese patients; however, further investigations and high‐quality evidence are required for more generalizable and comprehensive results.
Prevalence of aortic stenosis and TAVR outcomes in patients with systemic sclerosis‐associated pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Alman Kirsten , Sadd Corey J. , Ravel Amish , Raza Farhan , Chybowski Amy , Runo James R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThere is little known about performing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) on advanced pulmonary vasodilator therapy. Retrospective cohort study among 90 patients with systemic sclerosis‐associated pulmonary arterial hypertension and systemic sclerosis‐associated pulmonary hypertension (SSc‐PAH/PH) evaluated at a tertiary PH center. The SSc‐PAH/PH cohort was stratified by the presence or absence of aortic stenosis (AS) to identify differences in baseline characteristics, hemodynamics, and long‐term outcomes. Of the 90 SSc‐PAH/PH patients, 13 patients were diagnosed with AS at PH diagnosis and another 6 patients developed AS during the study period. The period prevalence of AS was 21.1% (19/90, 95% confidence interval: 13.2%–30.1%) of which 94.7% was mild (18/19) at diagnosis with mean age at AS diagnosis of 66.3 + 2.2 years. Among AS patients, 31.6% (6/19) progressed to severe AS, five of which underwent TAVR (median age: 70 years) while on advanced PAH therapy. One of the five TAVR patients developed worsening pulmonary hypertension post‐TAVR. The 5‐year survival rate for all AS patients from diagnosis date was 37.2%. There was a high prevalence of AS in this cohort of SSc‐PAH/PH patients, with mean age of onset younger than patients with nonbicuspid aortic valve stenosis. This is the largest series of SSc‐PAH/PH patients on advanced pulmonary vasodilator therapy who underwent TAVR with acceptable early outcomes.
On linear parameter varying control of time‐delayed positive systems
Authors: Rahmanian Farnoosh , Asemani Mohammad Hassan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe original purpose of this article is to tackle the stabilizing controller design for linear parameter varying positive systems with multiple delays, in which the considered delays are time‐invariant. The proposed control strategy consists of a parameter varying state‐feedback controller. A complete solution to the design problem is proposed by utilizing a Lyapunov approach. In order to decrease the conservativeness of the controller design, we define a slack variable to prevent the multiplication of the Lyapunov matrices with the system matrices. Moreover, the slack variable is considered as a parameter varying matrix. Finally, the criteria are transformed into linear matrix inequalities. Therefore, sufficient conditions stabilize the closed‐loop system and preserve the positive property. A special case for the mentioned system is the deep brain stimulation system used in the area of Parkinson's treatment. It enables neuroscientists to control abnormal brain activity by implanting electrodes that generate electrical impulses. This system is provided as a practical example to guarantee the effectiveness of the obtained outcomes.
Efficacy of Pleurotus djamor Zinc Polysaccharide Chewable Tablets against Reproductive Damage Induced by Nonylphenol
Authors: Zhang Mengyu , Wang Wenshuai , Sun Wenxue , Zhang Jianjun , Jia Le 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the efficacy of chewable tablets made from the Pleurotus djamor zinc polysaccharide (PCT‐Zn) against the nonylphenol (NPs) induced male reproductive damage in mice. The trial takes the form of constructing a model by infusing NPs into mice, followed by treatment with PCT‐Zn solution infusion 1 h later, for a total of 8 weeks. It is found that PCT‐Zn shows potential effects on increasing the testicular coefficients, enhancing the antioxidant activities, and inhibiting the apoptotic and inflammatory responses, which indicate that PCT‐Zn has the effect of alleviating the NPs‐induced reproductive damage. The results of the experiment suggest that the P. djamor zinc polysaccharide can be used as a dietary supplement to develop appropriate products to alleviate reproductive damage caused by environmental pollutants.