bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To Study the Perception of Individual Towards Promotional Approaches by Coaching Institutes in Flexible Work Environment
Authors: Bindal Tanisha , Upadhyaya Akanksha 
Published: August 2022

Education is the learning of knowledge, information and skills during the life .The department for Education has committed to promoting flexible working among the teaching workforce within coaching institutes .Research by Raabe (1997) cited in waters & Bardoel (2006) Suggested that universities and coaching institutes are increasingly offering flexible work arrangements to obtain a competitive advantage. The research was carried by the educational sector and the coaching institutes in and around Delhi region. Various promotional approaches activities were carried out on the content as it is the medium between the buyer (students) and coaching institutes. The objective is to get an overall idea about promotional approaches of coaching institutes. It aims at developing the significance of demographics with promotional approaches and business development strategies in the fast growing educational sector and making the business efficient and smooth. In research methodology exploratory and descriptive research design was used in quantitative type of research. In Data collection, primary data was used and questionnaire using Google form was designed. Tools for data analysis is IBM SPSS software .So we could conclude that Coaching institutes are proactive in its approach and is always ready to experiment with new promotional approaches to market their product well. The sampling technique used to survey the students was Non-probability sampling (Quota sampling)m the sample size chosen was 95 students surveyed through Google form questionnaire.
Kompetensi Manajerial Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru
Authors: Zhahira Jeihan 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Untuk mengetahui kompetensi manajerial kepala sekolah, (2) faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya, dan, (3) upaya mengatasi faktor penghambat kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif induktif, dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik metode observasi, interview, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah masih banyak kendala atau persoalan yang berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan manajerial kepala sekolah. Secara umum persoalan itu meliputi: kurangnya pengawasan kepala sekolah, kepala sekolah jarang mengadakan rapat untuk membahas peningkatan kinerja guru serta hasil pencapaian tentang pelaksanaan supervisi. Padahal tujuan supervisi untuk membantu guru-guru melihat dengan jelas tujuan pendidikan dan berusaha mencapai tujuan pendidikan itu dengan membina dan mengembangkan metode-motode dan prosedur pengajaran yang lebih baik. faktor pendukung kepala sekolah dalam menjalankan perannya untuk meningkatkan kinerja guru adalah terpenuhinya kebutuhan guru, sarana dan prasarana yang memadai, lingkungan sekolah yang kondusif, serta terjalinnya hubungan komunikasi yang sinergis antara komponen sekolah.
Traumatic brain injury: Association between the Glasgow Coma Scale score and intensive care unit mortality
Authors: Mkubwa J J , Bedada A G , M T 
Published: August 2022

Background. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) prevalence in Botswana is high and this, coupled with a small population, may reduce productivity. There is no previous study in Botswana on the association between mortality from TBI and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score although global literature supports its existence.Objectives. Our primary aim was to determine the association between the initial GCS score and the time to mortality of adults admitted with TBI at the Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana, between 2014 and 2019. Secondary aims were to assess the risk factors associated with time to mortality and to estimate the mortality rate from TBI.
Methods. This was a retrospective cohort design, medical record census conducted from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2019.Results. In total, 137 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and the majority, 114 (83.2%), were male with a mean age of 34.5 years. The initial GCS score and time to mortality were associated (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.69; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.508 - 0.947). Other factors associated with time to mortality included constricted pupil (aHR 0.12; 95% CI 0.044 - 0.344), temperature (aHR 0.82; 95% CI 0.727 - 0.929), and subdural haematoma (aHR 3.41; 95% CI 1.819 - 6.517). Most cases of TBI (74 (54%)) were due to road traffic accidents. The number of deaths was 48 (35% (95% CI 27.1% - 43.6%)), entirely due to severe TBI.Conclusion. The study confirmed significant association between GCS and mortality. Males were mainly involved in TBI. These findings lack external validity because of the small sample size, and therefore a larger multicentre study is required for validation.
TELEMEDICINE AND ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD IMPLEMENTATION IN RURAL AREA: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Alfiyyah Arifah , Ayuningtyas Dumilah , Rahmanto Agus 
Published: August 2022

The Indonesian Minister of Health 2019 issued regulations regarding the implementation of telemedicine services between health service facilities. Telemedicine is aimed primarily at rural areas. This research aims to look at the quality of telemedicine-based services, which are documented in an electronic health record (EHR) with complete information. This research uses the narrative literature review method: Garuda journal channels, Google Scholar, IEEE Explorer, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus. With the input-output process approach, eight scientific articles were published on countries with telemedicine/telehealth policies in rural areas. The implementation of telemedicine has advantages and disadvantages depending on the things supported and the target users. It must have policies, infrastructure, financial resources, and human resources to use, maintain and develop telemedicine. Telemedicine will help the health service process by increasing the degree of public health in rural areas if it is used on a large scale. The completeness of the EHR seems to be lacking in terms of informed consent. Still, a quality EHR can make it easier for health workers to enforce the history, establish the diagnosis, and provide patient healthcare.
Adiposity may confound the association between vitamin D and disease risk – a lifecourse Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Richardson Tom G , Power Grace M , Davey Smith George 
Published: August 2022

Background:Vitamin D supplements are widely prescribed to help reduce disease risk. However, this strategy is based on findings using conventional epidemiological methods which are prone to confounding and reverse causation.Methods:In this short report, we leveraged genetic variants which differentially influence body size during childhood and adulthood within a multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) framework, allowing us to separate the genetically predicted effects of adiposity at these two timepoints in the lifecourse.Results:Using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), there was strong evidence that higher childhood body size has a direct effect on lower vitamin D levels in early life (mean age: 9.9 years, range = 8.9–11.5 years) after accounting for the effect of the adult body size genetic score (beta = −0.32, 95% CI = −0.54 to –0.10, p=0.004). Conversely, we found evidence that the effect of childhood body size on vitamin D levels in midlife (mean age: 56.5 years, range = 40–69 years) is putatively mediated along the causal pathway involving adulthood adiposity (beta = −0.17, 95% CI = −0.21 to –0.13, p=4.6 × 10-17).Conclusions:Our findings have important implications in terms of the causal influence of vitamin D deficiency on disease risk. Furthermore, they serve as a compelling proof of concept that the timepoints across the lifecourse at which exposures and outcomes are measured can meaningfully impact overall conclusions drawn by MR studies.Funding:This work was supported by the Integrative Epidemiology Unit which receives funding from the UK Medical Research Council and the University of Bristol (MC_UU_00011/1).
Impact of Hole‐Transport Layer and Interface Passivation on Halide Segregation in Mixed‐Halide Perovskites
Authors: Lim Vincent J.‐Y. , Knight Alexander J. , Oliver Robert D. J. , Snaith Henry J. , Johnston Michael B. , Herz Laura M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMixed‐halide perovskites offer ideal bandgaps for tandem solar cells, but photoinduced halide segregation compromises photovoltaic device performance. This study explores the influence of a hole‐transport layer, necessary for a full device, by monitoring halide segregation through in situ, concurrent X‐ray diffraction and photoluminescence measurements to disentangle compositional and optoelectronic changes. This work demonstrates that top coating FA0.83Cs0.17Pb(Br0.4I0.6)3 perovskite films with a poly(triaryl)amine (PTAA) hole‐extraction layer surprisingly leads to suppression of halide segregation because photogenerated charge carriers are rapidly trapped at interfacial defects that do not drive halide segregation. However, the generation of iodide‐enriched regions near the perovskite/PTAA interface enhances hole back‐transfer from the PTAA layer through improved energy level offsets, increasing radiative recombination losses. It is further found that while passivation with a piperidinium salt slows halide segregation in perovskite films, the addition of a PTAA top‐coating accelerates such effects, elucidating the specific nature of trap types that are able to drive the halide segregation process. This work highlights the importance of selective passivation techniques for achieving efficient and stable wide‐bandgap perovskite photovoltaic devices.
Local Heating Transforms Amorphous Calcium Carbonate to Single Crystals with Defined Morphologies
Authors: Zhang Shuheng , Nahi Ouassef , He Xuefeng , Chen Li , Aslam Zabeada , Kapur Nikil , Kim Yi‐Yeoun , Meldrum Fiona C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe use of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) as a precursor phase affords organisms with outstanding control over the formation of calcite and aragonite biominerals. Essential to this strategy is that the ACC is maintained within confined volumes in the absence of bulk water. This ensures that the ACC undergoes a pseudomorphic transformation and that the organism can independently control nucleation and growth. However, comparable control has proven hard to achieve in synthetic systems. Here, a straightforward method is demonstrated for controlling the crystallization of ACC thin films in which nucleation is first triggered using a heated probe, and then growth is sustained by incubating the film at a lower temperature. By independently controlling nucleation and growth, sub‐millimeter calcite single crystals can be generated when and where it is desired, morphologies ranging from discs to squares to serpentine strips can be created, and arrays of crystals formed. The mechanism and energetics of crystallization of the ACC are studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy and continuity between the ACC and calcite at the growth front is demonstrated. It is envisaged that this method can be applied to the formation of large single crystals of alternative functional materials that form via amorphous precursor phases.
π Band Folding and Interlayer Band Filling of Graphene upon Interface Potassium Intercalation
Authors: Huempfner Tobias , Otto Felix , Fritz Torsten , Forker Roman 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe structural and electronic properties of epitaxial monolayer graphene on SiC(0001) are examined upon potassium intercalation. Notably, the first real‐space observation via scanning tunneling microscopy of the (2 × 2) superstructure in graphene‐based thin films formed by the potassium atoms below the uppermost graphene layer is presented. Therein, additional signatures stemming from quasiparticle interference effects are found allowing investigations of the electronic bands of K‐intercalated epitaxial monolayer graphene on a local scale. Those data are compared to area‐averaged results obtained from photoelectron spectroscopy. In particular, backfolding of the graphene π bands are found as a consequence of the (2 × 2) superstructure of the K atoms with respect to the graphene lattice. This is accompanied by a strong n‐type doping effect that causes a rigid shift of the Dirac bands to higher binding energies and filling of two parabolic interlayer bands at the Γ point of the surface Brillouin zone of the graphene lattice as well. This electronic configuration is promoted by additional penetration of potassium atoms into the interspace between the SiC substrate and the buffer layer that is located between the substrate and the quasi‐freestanding graphene sheet. Consequently, the epitaxial monolayer graphene sample transforms to n‐doped epitaxial bilayer graphene upon K intercalation.
Large‐Scale Optical Manipulation of Ferroelectric Domains in PMN‐PT Crystals
Authors: Yan Shuo , Hu Xueli , Lu Xiaomei , Xiao Shuyu , Huang Fengzhen , Ying Xuenong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe manipulation of ferroelectric domains is a bridge connecting the basic research and the applications of ferroelectric materials. Here, after cooling across the Curie temperature under ultraviolet (UV) light illumination, out‐of‐plane (OP) polarization of a whole 0.72Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐0.28PbTiO3 (PMN‐28PT) crystal is poled in one direction. With the help of light‐dependent temporal Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), the unified upward OP polarization is attributed to the negative charge accumulation at the surface upon exposure to UV light, which is also effective in the control of in‐plane (IP) polarization. Especially, a center‐convergent topological domain structure is formed in a PMN‐28PT crystal lamella via an optical method, which is easily engineered to fabricate large‐scale periodic arrays. This method is expected for high efficiency, low energy consumption, and large‐scale domain manipulation in ferroelectric materials.
A novel SLC35D1 variant causing milder phenotype of Schneckenbecken dysplasia in a large pedigree
Authors: Özer Leyla , Aktuna Suleyman , Unsal Evrim , Ünal Mehmet Altay , Sahin Guler , Baltaci Volkan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSLC35D1 gene encodes UDP‐glucuronic acid/UDP‐n‐acetylgalactosamine dual transporter protein and transports organic or inorganic molecules across cellular membranes. SLC35D1 gene pathogenic variants causes Schneckenbecken dysplasia (SHNKND) which is a rare lethal autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the snail‐like pelvis, flattening of vertebral bodies, short and broad long bones with a dumbbell‐like appearance, thoracic hypoplasia. Only six cases with homozygous SLC35D1 variants have been reported to date, and all of these cases were lost in the perinatal period. Here we report different family members with a novel SLC35D1 variant who presented a milder phenotype of SHNKND. The affected patients have common clinical features such as short stature, mild mesomelia, shortening of the lower extremity, genu valgum, and narrow thorax. Exome sequencing of the proband revealed a homozygous missense variant of SLC35D1 gene, c.401 T > C (p. Met134Thr). The affected siblings, their two cousins, and their paternal uncle with a similar phenotype were also homozygous for the variant. This is the first case report of a family with a novel likely pathogenic variant (p. Met134Thr) and mild phenotypic features. It has the largest family with different ages of patients (ages ranged 4–31 years old) reported to date. The present report supports the evidence that the p. Met134Thr variant is responsible for a milder phenotype than previously reported cases with SLC35D1 pathogenic variants.
Base‐promoted Oxidative Sulfuration/Cyclization to Construct Naphtho[2,3‐d]thiazole through Three‐component Reaction Using S8 as the Sulfur Source
Authors: Yu Zihua , Su Junyi , Huang Chenxi , Wei Jie , Han Liang , Ye Qing , Li Yujin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA base‐promoted three‐component oxidative sulfuration/cyclization reaction of 2‐amino‐1,4‐naphthoquinone, aldehyde and elemental sulfur was developed. The naphtho[2,3‐d]thiazole ring was determined by forming two C−S bonds and one C=N bond, which demonstrates the advantages of cheap raw materials, no transition metal, and economic efficiency. The substrate scope was broad with aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes. The mechanistic study might promote the reaction design for a oxidative sulfuration/cyclization reaction.
Alzheimer's disease medication use and adherence patterns by race and ethnicity
Authors: Olchanski Natalia , Daly Allan T. , Zhu Yingying , Breslau Rachel , Cohen Joshua T. , Neumann Peter J. , Faul Jessica D. , Fillit Howard M. , Freund Karen M. , Lin Pei‐Jung 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe examined racial and ethnic differences in medication use for a representative US population of patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).MethodsWe examined cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine initiation, non‐adherence, and discontinuation by race and ethnicity, using data from the 2000–2016 Health and Retirement Study linked with Medicare and Medicaid claims.ResultsAmong newly diagnosed ADRD patients (n = 1299), 26% filled an ADRD prescription ≤90 days and 36% ≤365 days after diagnosis. Among individuals initiating ADRD‐targeted treatment (n = 1343), 44% were non‐adherent and 24% discontinued the medication during the year after treatment initiation. Non‐Hispanic Blacks were more likely than Whites to not adhere to ADRD medication therapy (odds ratio: 1.50 [95% confidence interval: 1.07–2.09]).DiscussionInitiation of ADRD‐targeted medications did not vary by ethnoracial group, but non‐Hispanic Blacks had lower adherence than Whites. ADRD medication non‐adherence and discontinuation were substantial and may relate to cost and access to care.HIGHLIGHTS
Initiation of anti‐dementia medications among newly diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) patients was low in all ethnoracial groups.
ADRD medication non‐adherence and discontinuation were substantial and may relate to cost and access to care.
Compared to Whites, Blacks and Hispanics had lower use, poorer treatment adherence, and more frequent discontinuation of ADRD medication, but when controlling for disease severity and socioeconomic factors, racial disparities diminish.
Our findings demonstrate the importance of adjusting for socioeconomic characteristics and disease severity when studying medication use and adherence in ADRD patients.
Atropopeptides are a Novel Family of Ribosomally Synthesized and Posttranslationally Modified Peptides with a Complex Molecular Shape
Authors: Nanudorn Pakjira , Thiengmag Sirinthra , Biermann Friederike , Erkoc Pelin , Dirnberger Sabrina D. , Phan Thao N. , Fürst Robert , Ueoka Reiko , Helfrich Eric J. N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBiomacromolecules are known to feature complex three‐dimensional shapes that are essential for their function. Among natural products, ambiguous molecular shapes are a rare phenomenon. The hexapeptide tryptorubin A can adopt one of two unusual atropisomeric configurations. Initially hypothesized to be a non‐ribosomal peptide, we show that tryptorubin A is the first characterized member of a new family of ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs) that we named atropopeptides. The sole modifying enzyme encoded in the gene cluster, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, is responsible for the atropospecific formation of one carbon‐carbon and two carbon‐nitrogen bonds. The characterization of two additional atropopeptide biosynthetic pathways revealed a two‐step maturation process. Atropopeptides promote pro‐angiogenic cell functions as indicated by an increase in endothelial cell proliferation and undirected migration. Our study expands the biochemical space of RiPP‐modifying enzymes and paves the way towards the chemoenzymatic utilization of atropopeptide‐modifying P450s.
Total Synthesis of (+)‐Alstonlarsine A
Authors: Ferjancic Zorana , Kukuruzar Andrej , Bihelovic Filip 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn enantioselective total synthesis of (+)‐alstonlarsine A (1), a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid possessing a unique pentacyclic skeleton as well as a rare biological activity, is achieved. The key step is an efficient domino sequence, comprising enamine formation followed by an inverse‐electron‐demand intramolecular dearomative Diels–Alder cycloaddition for the construction of 9‐azatricyclo[4.3.1.03,8]decane core. The key intermediate for this domino sequence was synthesized by a newly developed methodology, relying on indole C(2)‐H bond functionalization, combined with intramolecular Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction. This tactical combination offers a new general entry into other (privileged) tricyclic frameworks possessing indole ring fused to 6‐, 7‐ or 8‐membered rings.
Azophenyl appended Schiff base probe for colorimetric detection of Cu2+ in semi‐aqueous medium and live cell imaging
Authors: Dev Samrat , Pandey Souvik , Maity Suvendu , Mitra Debarpan , Das Gaurav , Murmu Nabendu , Sinha Chittaranjan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA phenylazo appended ortho‐vanillin Schiff base scaffold (HAZ) has been used for selective colorimetric sensing of Cu2+ in semi‐aqueous medium (methanol–water, 1:1, v/v) in the presence of 16 cations and 20 anions, and the limit of detection is 1.8 × 10−7 M. The structures of HAZ and Cu (II) complex, [Cu(AZ)2], have been characterised by spectroscopic data (UV–Vis, Fourier transform infrared and electron paramagnetic resonance) and established by the single crystal X‐ray diffraction measurement. The Job's plot from the absorption studies has also confirmed the 1:2 stoichiometry of Cu2+:HAZ. The absorption spectrum of [Cu (AZ)2] has returned to the spectrum of HAZ on the addition of Na2EDTA solution which is again recovered upon the addition of Cu2+ solution. Discrete Fourier transform computations were carried out using the coordinates of the X‐ray structures of the compounds, and the molecular functions were used to correlate the solution spectroscopic properties. In addition to this, the probe is treated on MDA‐MB 231 breast cancer cells to check the cytotoxicity. The probe is used for the detection of trace quantity of Cu2+ in the cancer cell.
High‐dimensional feature selection in competing risks modeling: A stable approach using a split‐and‐merge ensemble algorithm
Authors: Sun Han , Wang Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVariable selection is critical in competing risks regression with high‐dimensional data. Although penalized variable selection methods and other machine learning‐based approaches have been developed, many of these methods often suffer from instability in practice. This paper proposes a novel method named Random Approximate Elastic Net (RAEN). Under the proportional subdistribution hazards model, RAEN provides a stable and generalizable solution to the large‐p‐small‐n variable selection problem for competing risks data. Our general framework allows the proposed algorithm to be applicable to other time‐to‐event regression models, including competing risks quantile regression and accelerated failure time models. We show that variable selection and parameter estimation improved markedly using the new computationally intensive algorithm through extensive simulations. A user‐friendly R package RAEN is developed for public use. We also apply our method to a cancer study to identify influential genes associated with the death or progression from bladder cancer.