bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of intramural tumor spread distance and determination of optimal distal resection margins after neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer under naked eyes
Authors: Sun Ge , Ye Xiaolong , Zhang Hang , Furnee Edgar , Broens Paul , Trzpis Monika , Zheng Kuo , Lou Zheng , Gao Xianhua , Liu Lianjie , Hao Liqiang , Bai Chenguang , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
It is not clear about the safe distance between the intra-operative resection line and the distal rectal tumor visible margin after preoperative radiotherapy. We aimed to investigate the furthest tumor intramural spread distance in fresh tissue to determine safe distal intraoperative resection margin length.
Methods
Twenty specimens of rectal cancer after preoperative radiotherapy were collected. Tumor intramural spread distances were defined between tumor visible margin and microscopic margin. Tumor visible margins in fresh specimen were identified during operation and were labeled with 5 − 0 sutures under naked eyes at distal 5, 6, 7 o’clock direction of visible margins right after removal of the tumor. Labels of suture were injected with nanocarbon particles by gauge 27 syringe after fixation with formalin. Longitudinal tissues were collected along three labels and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The spread distance after formalin fixation was measured between the furthest intramural spread tumor cell and the nanocarbon under the microscope. Positive intramural spread distance meant the furthest tumor cell was distal to the nanocarbon, and negative value meant tumor cell being proximal to the nanocarbon. Tumor intramural spread distance in fresh tissue during operation was 1.75 times of tumor intramural spread distance after formalin fixation according to literature.
Results
At distal 5, 6 and 7 o’clock direction, seven (35%), five (25%) and six (30%) patients had distal tumor cell intramural spread distance > 0 mm. The median tumor cell intramural spread distance in fresh tissue during operation was − 0.9 (IQR, -4.8, 3.5) mm, 0 (IQR, -4.8, 3.1) mm and − 3.5 (IQR, -5.3, 5.3) mm, respectively. The maximal intramural spread distances in fresh tissue during operation were 8.75, 7 and 7 mm, respectively.
Conclusions
The intraoperative distance between the distal resection line and rectal tumor visible margin after radiotherapy should be around 1cm to ensure oncological safety.
Hilbert’s First Problem and the New Progress of Infinity Theory
Authors: Wang Xijia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the 19th century, Cantor created the infinite cardinal number theory based on the "1-1 correspondence" principle. The continuum hypothesis is proposed under this theoretical framework. In 1900, Hilbert made it the first problem in his famous speech on mathematical problems, which shows the importance of this question. We know that the infinitesimal problem triggered the second mathematical crisis in the 17-18th centuries. The Infinity problem is no less important than the infinitesimal problem. In the 21st century, Sergeyev introduced the Grossone method from the principle of "whole is greater than part", and created another ruler for measuring infinite sets. At the same time, 16 the development of the infinity theory provides new ideas for solving Hilbert's first problem, and provides a new mathematical foundation for Cosmic Continuum Theory.
Characterization of an RNA binding protein interactome reveals the targetable post-transcriptional landscape of MYC-amplified medulloblastoma
Authors: Kameda-Smith Michelle , Zhu Helen , Luo EnChing , Venugopal Chitra , Xella Agata , Yee Brian , Xing Sansi , Tan Frederick , Fox Raymond , Brown Kevin , Adile Ashley , Bakhshinyan David , Chokshi Chirayu , Gwynne William , Subapanditha Minomi , Picard Daniel , Burns Ian , Moffat Jason , Fleming Adam , Hope Kristin , Provias John , Remke Marc , Lu Yu , Reya Tannishtha , Reimand Jüri , Wechsler-Reya Robert , Yeo Gene , Singh Sheila 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Pediatric medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common solid malignant brain neoplasm, with Group 3 (G3) MB representing the most aggressive subgroup. MYC amplification is an independent poor prognostic factor in G3 MB, however, therapeutic targeting of the MYC pathway remains limited and alternative therapies for G3 MB are urgently needed. Here we show that the RNA-binding protein, Musashi-1 (MSI1) is an essential mediator of G3 MB in both MYC-overexpressing mouse models and patient-derived xenografts. MSI1 inhibition abrogates tumor initiation and significantly prolongs survival in both models. We identified binding targets of MSI1 in normal neural and G3 MB stem cells and then cross referenced these data with unbiased large-scale screens at the transcriptomic, translatomic and proteomic levels to systematically dissect its functional role. Comparative integrative multi-omic analyses of these large datasets reveal cancer-selective MSI1-bound targets sharing multiple MYC associated pathways, providing a valuable resource for context-specific therapeutic targeting of G3 MB.
Effects of CoFlow-Jet Active Flow Control on Airfoil Stall
Authors: Yazdani Shima , Salimipour Erfan , Salimipour Ayoob , Sheremet Mikhail , Ghalambaz Mohammad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An active flow control method as CoFlow-Jet (CFJ) is implemented on the NACA 0024 airfoil at the chord-based Reynolds number of 1.5×105. For this purpose, an in-house solver based on the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations in two-dimensional, incompressible and unsteady form with the SST-k-ω turbulence model is prepared. Several levels of jet momentum coefficient (Cμ) are studied to achieve a proper momentum coefficient for each angle of attack (α). The findings demonstrate that at Cμ=0.06, the lift coefficients at low attack angles (up to α =15̊) dramatically increase. Furthermore, the dynamic stall at the given Reynolds number and with the lowered frequency of 0.15 is explored. In the instance of Cμ=0.07, the lift coefficient curve does not show a noticeable stall feature compared to Cμ=0.05, suggesting that a more powerful stronger jet can entirely control the dynamic stall. The impact of raising the Reynolds numbers from 0.5 × 105 to 3 × 105 on this active flow control is also explored. The lift coefficient improves at all Reynolds numbers studied as Cμ increases, with the highest performance achieved at α = 15̊.
The impact of indirect notification of cancer diagnosis on postoperative esophageal cancer patients in stage T3: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Yu Minhao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Chinese doctors are required to inform cancer diagnosis to patients’ direct relatives rather than patients themselves. Patients may be hidden disease from their family members, and it may cause some serious results. Therefore, we carried out a retrospective study to evaluate whether indirect notification of cancer diagnosis can impact the prognosis of postoperative esophageal cancer patients in stage T3.Methods: We selected postoperative T3 esophageal cancer patients hospitalized from June 2015 to December 2016 as research subjects, and divided them into a direct-notification group and an indirect-notification group. Several variables are allowed for evaluating 36-month progress-free survival of the two groups. Propensity score matching analysis were used to adjust selection bias.Results: There were 72 patients enrolled in the study. Sex and indirect notification of cancer diagnosis were significantly predicted poor survival while stage, pathological differentiation, education background and age were not after propensity score matching analysis (P=0.02, 0.02, 0.30, 0.18, 0.07, 0.05, respectively). Cox multivariate regression analysis shows male and indirect notification of cancer diagnosis independentlly predict poor survival of progress-free survival of esophageal cancer at postoperative T3 stage (harzard ratio = 0.264, 95% confidence interval: 0.099-0.703, P=0.01; harzard ratio =2.823, 95% confidence interval: 1.360-5.861, P=0.01, respectively). Conclusions: Indirect notification of cancer diagnosis is an important negative predictors of postoperative esophageal cancer patients' progress-free survival.
Identification of hub genes and their clinical value for predicting the development of prostate cancer from benign prostate hyperplasia by bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Wu Gang , Chen Xi , Ma Junjie , Xu Chengdang , Wang Licheng , Yao Yicong , Wang Xinan , Zi Tong , Bian Cuidong , Wu Denglong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) are commonly encountered diseases in males. Studies showed that genetic factors are responsible for the occurrences of both diseases. However, the genetic association between them is still unclear. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database can help determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between BPH and PCa. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were utilized to find pathways DEGs enriched. The STRING database can provide a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, and find hub genes in PPI network. GEPIA can be used to analyze expression and survival data for hub genes. R software was used to progress regression analysis. Finally, the results were tested in other databases, clinical samples and PCa cells. Fifteen up-regulated and forty-five down-regulated genes were found from GEO database. Seven hub genes were found in PPI network. The hub gene expression was tested on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. Except CXCR4, all hub genes expressed differently between tumor and normal samples. Exclude CXCR4, other hub genes have diagnostic value in predicting PCa and their mutations can cause PCa. The expression of CSRP1, MYL9 and SNAI2 changed in different tumor stage. CSRP1 and MYH11 could affect disease-free survival (DFS). Same results reflected in different databases. The expression and function of MYC, MYL9, and SNAI2, were validated in clinical samples and PCa cells. In conclusion, seven hub genes among sixty DEGs can be achievable targets for predicting which BPH patients may later develop PCa.
The identification of key genes and Pathways in Osteoarthritis-related Inflammatory Synoviocytes by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Wu Peng , Li Mingchao , Shi XiaoQing , Jie Lishi , Mao Jun , Yin Songjiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized as sustained synovial inflammation and progressive cartilage degradation, in which inflammatory synoviocytes play a pivotal role. The purpose is to define key genes and relevant pathways in inflammatory synoviocytes in vivo and vitro. In the current study, the differentially expressed genes from GSE46750 and GSE82107 gene data were overlapped to show the intersection genes in inflammatory synoviocytes in vivo, and from GSE49604 and GSE82107 gene data were used in vitro. Meanwhile, the enrichment analyses and protein-protein interaction were confirmed in the two overlapped DEGs, respectively. Subsequently, meta- enrichment analysis was also performed to discriminate the differences between synoviocytes in vivo and vitro. Finally, analysis of miRNA network and associated pathways in overlapped genes in vitro and vivo were also finished. Results: A total of 36 intersection DEGs, enriched in ‘cell response to oxidative stress’, ‘response to lipopolysaccharide’ and ‘tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway’, were identified in inflammatory synoviocytes in vivo, as well as 35 overlapped DEGs, enriched in ‘mineral absorption’, ‘response to lipopolysaccharide’ and ‘oxidation-reduction process’, were identified in vitro. Additionally, in the meta-enrichment analysis, the results suggested that DEGs in vivo and vitro collectively enriched in ‘immune response’, ‘response to LPS’, ‘chemokine signaling pathway’ and ‘TNF signaling pathway’. However, the ‘regulation of macrophage activation’, ‘positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis’, ‘positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis’ and ‘leukocyte migration’ were individually enriched in the DEGs from inflammatory synoviocytes in vivo. Finally, the two comparison cohorts shared five intersection genes, including C-X-C chemokine ligand (CXCL) 2, CXCL5, chloride intracellular channel (CLIC) 6, solute carrier family 7 member 2 (SLC7A2) and chromosome 15 open reading frame 48 (C15orf48), and predicted miRNAs mainly enriched in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Ras and Wnt signaling pathway. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that OA-related inflammatory synoviocytes is associated with immune response, TNF signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway and oxidation-related process. However, compared to inflammatory model in vitro, in OA joint, the synovial inflammation is more complicated, maybe involved neutrophil recruitment, monocyte migration, and macrophage activation. Additionally, the current study also shown that some key genes CLIC6, CXCL2, CXCL5, SLC7A2 and C15orf48, may be related to the disease progression and produce effect as potential therapeutic approach in OA.
Relationship between insulin resistance and endometrial cancer was revealed by gene screening
Authors: Ding Dou-Dou , Zhou Quan , He Ze , He Hong-Xia , Zuo Man-Zhen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies have found, the occurrence of endometrial cancer (EC) is closely related to metabolic diseases, and insulin resistance (IR) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of endometrium, but the specific pathogenesis is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to reveal the relationship between insulin resistance and endometrial carcinoma. Methods: We analyzed one endometrial carcinoma database (GSE106191) and one insulin-resistant database (GSE63992), with GEO database and Venny online analysis tool, and P-value< 0.05 was thought about as statistically significant, then, we found an add-up to 148 different genes. Functional enrichment analysis of these genes using DAVID showed that they were participated in transcription factor activity, signaling pathways and response to factors, etc. Then used Cytoscape to establish Protein-Protein Interaction network, and got 25 hub genes. Then further analyzed the expression differences, histological differences, survival analysis, immune infiltration and genetic alteration of 25 hub genes.Results: Of the 25 hub genes, 9 hub genes (KLF5, BRD4, E2F2, LYN, HES1, YY1, IGSF3, TRAF3 and GJB3) were over-expressed in endometrial carcinoma, 11hub genes (TRO, NEURL2, PTEN, RARA, RYBP, OGT, FBXW7, PIK3C3, PIK3C2B, ING3 and DDX58) were under-expressed, and there were no significant difference among 5 hub genes (MYL12A, RAD21, TGFBRAP1, IRAK2 and PTPN1).The results showed that the survival time of patients expressing OGT, IGSF3, TRO, NEURL2 and PIK3C2B may be significantly and closely related to EC, and the percentage of gene changes of five central genes ranged from 3% to 10% of a single gene, was also related to the infiltration of seven kinds of immune cells in endometrial carcinoma.Conclusion: The five key genes (OGT, IGSF3, PIK3C2B, TRO and NEURL2) may be involved in immune infiltration in the progression of endometrial carcinoma, and there is also a certain mutation probability in gene mutation. Insulin resistance may be a trigger in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer.
The Mirror Reversal Mechanism on Black Hole Collapse and Singularity Eruption in Cosmic Continuum
Authors: Wang Xijia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the Big Bang Theory and the Black Hole Theory, the existing laws of physics all fail atthe singularity, and the singularity has become a blind spot in the existing scientific theories. In Cosmiccontinuum, the cosmic system collapse into a Schwarzschild black hole under the action of a stronggravitational field, and the Planck spheres at the center of the black hole continues to collapse into darkmass bodies, forming dark celestial body and singularity. The Schwarzschild radius is the upper limitof a black hole, and the Planck sphere is the lower limit of a black hole. The singularity is theconversion point between the old and new cosmic systems. The singularity erupts the Planck spheresunder the action of a strong gravitational field, and the Planck spheres expands outward to form a newcosmic system. The Planck sphere is both the end of the old cosmic system and the starting point of thenew cosmic system. The black hole collapse and the singularity eruption are mirror images of eachother. The Planck sphere is the front of the mirror, and the singularity is the back of the mirror.
Effect of Intensity-Dependent Couplings and the atomic dissipation on The Interaction of Two Three-Level Atoms and Two Modes of Radiation Field
Authors: Obada A.-S. F. , Rabea R. N , Ahmed M. M. A. , Khalil E. M. , El-Deberky M. A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this article the effect of intensity-dependent coupling and the atomic dissipation on the interaction of a pair of three-level atoms in the Ξ configuration with a bi-mode cavity field are studied. The solution of the proposed model is obtained in the resonance case. Some statistical quantities are discussed to discover the characteristics of the model. With different nonlinearity functions, the population inversion and the photon number dynamics, which display the phenomenon of collapses and revivals are discussed. The non-classical effects by examining the Mandel Q-parameter are considered. The amount of correlation between the two atoms and the field is estimated by analyzing the results of the fidelity.
Knowledge of Children’s Caregivers Regarding Malaria within Vhembe District of Limpopo Province: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Makhado Thendo G. , Tshiovhe Shonisani , Mabadzhe Rudzani , Tshivhase Mashudu , Ramakuela Nditsheni J. , Makhado Lufuno , Maputle Maria S. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The high rate of malaria in the province has negatively impacted the department financially since medicines for malaria treatment are scarce and expensive. Many of the families live near the streams, and they are uninformed about malaria’s clinical manifestations and preventive measures.

Aims:
This study aimed to assess caregivers’ knowledge about malaria in children of selected villages within the Limpopo province of South Africa.

Methods:
Using a cross-sectional study design, this study was conducted in villages surrounding the Vhembe district of Limpopo province. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. This study included 80 caregivers of children under 12 years of age.

Results:
It was found that approximately 85% of caregivers knew about malaria’s clinical manifestations and prevention measures.

Conclusion:
Community health care workers can improve the knowledge of caregivers by strengthening health education and preventive campaigns.
Edukasi Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri 2 Samigaluh Kulonprogo
Authors: Salim Marko Ferdian , M. Syairaji M. Syairaji , Santoso Dian Budi , Pramono Angga Eko , Askar Nia Fararid 
Published: March 2022

Pembangunan kesehatan merupakan salah satu upaya pembangunan nasional untuk tercapainya kesadaran, kemauan dan kemampuan hidup sehat bagi setiap penduduk untuk mewujudkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat yang setinggi-tingginya. Pelaksanaan pembangunan kesehatan diarahkan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran, kemauan dan kemampuan hidup setiap orang agar memiliki Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) di lingkungan keluarga, sekolah, dan masyarakat. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut diperlukan upaya untuk mengedukasi anak-anak usia dini untuk berperilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, salah satunya di lingkungan sekolah. PHBS di lingkungan sekolah merupakan langkah untuk memberdayakan siswa, guru dan masyarakat lingkungan sekolah agar bisa dan mau melakukan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat dalam menciptakan sekolah yang sehat. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi tentang PHBS pada usia dini pada siswa sekolah dasar di SD N 2 Samigaluh Kulonprogo.Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan yaitu berupa edukasi yang terdiri dari penyuluhan, pemutaran video, diskusi dan tanya jawab. Peserta kegiatan edukasi yaitu siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri 2 Samigaluh Kulonprogo kelas 1, 2, dan 3. Materi yang disampaikan yaitu mencuci tangan dengan sabun sebelum dan sesudah makan, mengkonsumsi jajanan sehat, menggunakan jamban bersih dan sehat, olahraga yang teratur, memberantas jentik nyamuk, tidak merokok di lingkungan sekolah, membuang sampah pada tempatnya, dan melakukan kerja bakti bersama warga lingkungan sekolah untuk menciptakan lingkungan yang sehat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman peserta tentang PHBS dimana terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 57%. Diharapkan kegiatan edukasi PHBS di sekolah dapat dilanjutkan pada daerah lain sebagai upaya untuk menumbuhkan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat pada usia dini.
PURA SIWA SILA GATRA PADANG BULIA, SUKASADA, BULELENG, BALI (SEJARAH, STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI SERTA POTENSINYA SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR SEJARAH LOKAL DI SMA)
Authors: . Komang Gede Arya Bawa , . Dr. Drs. I Made Pageh, M.Hum. , . Ketut Sedana Arta, S.Pd., M.Pd. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) sejarah berdirinya Pura Siwa Sila Gatra di Desa Padang Bulia, Sukasada, Buleleng, Bali, (2) struktur dan fungsi Pura Siwa Sila Gatra, dan (3)potensi yang terdapat di Pura Siwa Sila Gatra di Padang Bulia yang dapat dijadikan sumber belajar sejarah di SMA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitin sejarah meliputi:(1) Pengumpulan data (heuristic) dengan Observasi, Wawancara, dan Studi dokumen. (2) Kritik Sumber. (3) Interpretasi dan (4) Historiografi. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa: sejarah Pura Siwa Sila Gatra memiliki kaitan erat dengan ditaklukannya Tamblingan oleh Majapahit yang membuat masyarakat Tamblingan bermigrasi ke berbagai daerah. Struktur Pura Siwa Sila Gatra menggunakan konsep dwi mandala yaitu jeroan dan jaba sisi. Fungsi Pura Dalem Jawa yaitu (1) fungsi religius, (2) fungsi sosial, (3) fungsi ekonomi (4) fungsi hiburan, dan (5) fungsi pendidikan. Adapun potensi Pura Siwa Sila Gatra ialah aspek historis, aspek peninggalan meliputi pelinggih lontar, meru tumpang pitu, dan pendidikan karakter.
Kata Kunci : sejarah, Pura Siwa Sila Gatra, sumber belajar sejarah This study aims to determine: (1) the history of the establishment of Shiva Sila Gatra Temple in Padang Bulia Village, Sukasada, Buleleng, Bali, (2) the structure and function of Shiva Sila Gatra Temple, and (3) the potential contained in Siwa Sila Gatra Temple in Padang Bulia which can be used as a source of historical learning in high school. The research method used is the method of historical research including: (1) Data collection (heuristics) with Observation, Interviews, and Study documents. (2) Source Criticism. (3) Interpretation and (4) Historiography. The results of the study show that: the history of Siwa Sila Gatra Temple has a close connection with the conquest of Tamblingan by Majapahit which made the Tamblingan community migrate to various regions. Siwa Sila Gatra Temple structure uses two mandala concepts, inner temples and outer temples. The functions of the Siwa Sila Gatra Temple are (1) religious functions, (2) social functions, (3) economic functions (4) entertainment functions, and (5) educational functions. The potential of Shiva Sila Gatra Temple is a historical aspect, inheritance aspects include pelinggih lontar, meru tumpang pitu, and character education.keyword : history, Siwa Sila Gatra Temple, a source of learning history