bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRIVATE FOREST OWNERS IN SELECTED SOUTH-EAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: IN SEARCHING FOR INFORMATION
Authors: Avdibegović Mersudin , Petrović Nenad , Posavec Stjepan , Pezdevšek-Malovrh Špela 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 630*92(4)
Social, economical and political changes in South-east European countries have led to significant shift from traditional pattern of forest policy to new, more complex paradigm when it comes to forestry and forest resources management. Among other things, this implies increasing of private forest owners’ heterogeneity which is reflected in changes of their expectations, objectives, attitudes and management practices. In this context, it is important to explore how private forest owners obtain information useful for forest management but also to analyze in which way their characteristics influence fulfilling of informational needs. The objective of this paper was to analyse sources of information that private forest owners are most likely to use, and to assess how owners’ characteristics, property conditions as well as management behaviour, affect it. Surveys were conducted in Bosnia-Herzegovina (n=350), Serbia (n=350), Croatia (n=350) and Slovenia (n=322) on random samples of private forest owners while the data were analysed by using logistic regression model. The paper examined five models of information providers: private forest owners associations (1), relatives (2), public forest administration (3), other owners (4) and public forest companies (5). Comparison between countries indicates the differences regarding to informational providers, caused mainly due to importance of private forests to their owners and different organizational structure of national forest sectors. Comparing to other countries, it seems that Slovenian private forest owners are more active in searching for information. Public forest administration is the most preferable provider of information in Slovenia while in Bosnia-Herzegovina these are public forest companies and public forest administration. In Serbia and Croatia the most common providers of information are public forest companies. Only Slovenian private forest owners use interest associations as the source of information. The traditional providers of information (other owners) are still important for private forest owners in Slovenia and Bosnia-Herzegovina at least. The results of logistic regression models reveal that forest property size, fragmentation, harvesting activities as well as owners’ age influence the source of information that private forest owners are most likely to use. The model 3 (pubic forest administration) is statistically significant in Slovenia and Bosnia-Herzegovina, while in Serbia and Bosnia-Herzegovina the model 5 (public forest company) is significant. None of the models is statistically significant for Croatia. Besides, the model 4 (other owners) was statistically significant in Slovenia.
GEOSTATISTICAL TECHNIQUE FOR GROWING STOCK ESTIMATES ON SMALL FOREST STANDS USING INVENTORY, ENVIROMENTAL AND LANDSAT 8 DATA
Authors: Čabaravdić Azra , Osmanović Merisa , Mahmutović Galib , Mulić Sanela 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 630*52:311
Regular forest inventory on state owned forest delivers plenty of data and information enabling detailed insight in forest structure and quantities. Current methodology for forest assessment on private properties considers time-consuming, low-intensive terrestrial measurement and observation on scattered small forest stands distributed on hilly and plane position around complex of state owned forests.
Here are evaluated two modeling techniques: ordinary least square (OLS) regression and geographically weighted regression (GWR) estimating growing stock quantities of point sample inside the smallest state owned forest stands (area less then 10 ha). Used material contained forest attributes local estimates from regular inventory distributed in unique management class: beech and fir mixed forest on deep silicate soil, environmental and transformed spectral Landsat 8 data.
Obtained results pointed out statistical significance of normalized standardized spectral radiance of NIR and SWIR Landsat bands in regression models. The GWR estimates achieve up to almost 30% higher variability explanation then OLS models. Also, GWR showed wider range then OLS estimates with smaller prediction errors. Evaluation on sample stand level resulted in reliable estimates of particular species or groups and total mean growing stock for all small stands. Further research about potential of GWR and other geo-statistical techniques for forest attribute estimates on more intensive point sample inside small spatial unit and/or whole spatial unit is recommended.
PHENOLIC CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF VISCUM ALBUM LEAVES AND TWIGS FROM VARIOUS HOST TREES
Authors: Tahirović Azra , Bašić Neđad 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 547.56:582.728.4
Phenolic compounds content and antioxidant capacity from Viscum album ssp. album Beck. leaves and twigs extracts were determined. Common mistletoe was collected from four hosts (Crataegus monogyna, Malus domestica, Prunus cerasifera, and Populus x canadensis.). Folin-Ciocalteu method, AlCl3 method, method with Arnow reagent, and acid-butanol assay were applied for determination of total phenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids and proanthocyanidins respectively. DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods were applied in the determination of antioxidant capacity of the extracts. Total phenols were in the range 7.16-11.70 mg GAE/g DW, flavonoids 2.115-4.668 mg RE/g DW, phenolic acids 0.811-1.789 mg caffeic CAE/g DW, and proanthocyanidins 0.71-2.62 mg LCE/g DW. Content of phenols and flavonoids was higher in the leaves than the twigs. The highest antioxidant capacity in leaves (50.86-65.93 µmol Trolox equivalents/g DW) was determined for mistletoe collected from Crataegus monogyna while the highest capacity in twigs had mistletoe collected from Malus domestica (67.28-81.72 µmol Trolox equivalents/g DW). Also, high correlation has been noticed between total phenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids and antioxidant capacity for V. album leaves. For twigs, high correlation was obtained between phenols and antioxidant capacity, and in some moderate extends for proanthocyanidins.
ANALYSIS OF BIOMASS UTILISATION OF ABOVEGROUND PART OF BEECH (FAGUS SYLVATICA L.) IN COMPARTMENT 92, MU ,,ŽUĆA – RIBNICA“
Authors: Gurda Safet , Bašić Neđad , Sokolović Dževada , Knežević Jelena , Hajdarević Seid , Delić Ševal 
Published: January 2022

630*8:620.95(497.6 Kakanj)
620.9:582.632.2(497.6 Kakanj)
Biomass has a huge renewable energy source potential, forest biomass in particular. Forest biomass effectively includes aboveground parts of tree trunk including: stem, treetop with leaves/needles, bark, seeds, and cones. Although it is biomass, stump is not used in natural forests. Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is a dominant tree in the forests of Bosnia and Herzegovina and it is important raw material used in wood assortment production. Once beech assortment is cut down, processing and hauled there is a significant quantity of unused wood biomass which can be effectively used as source of renewable energy. This is way the objective of this paper was to determine overall quantity of beech tree biomass in Compartment 92, Subcompartment „a”, MU „Žuća-Ribnica“, assess quantity of forest biomass (usable timber left after felling and branches - biomass above 7 cm), determine quantity of forest biomass (wood biomass from 3 to 7 cm), and also quantity of bark. The research included 60 beech trees. Volume of tree trunk and trunk bark was determined by sectioning method and branch mass was determined by weighting. Adjusted values of tree trunk and bark volumes were converted in dry matter mass using information provided by. The research findings showed that 73% (1,605.24 tons) of beech wood biomass is used in Compartment 92, Subcompartment „a”, MU „Žuća-Ribnica“, while 27% (582.59 tons) remain unused in the forest. This altogether indicates that a large portion of beech biomass is not used as energy source.
ROAD EDGE EFFECT ON BASAL AREA INCREMENT IN LINDEN STANDS
Authors: Gencal Burhan , Taş İnanç , Akay Abdullah Emin 
Published: January 2022

630*38:625.7/.8]:582.685.4(560 Bursa)
Road networks within the forested areas are essential structure to access forests for various purposes such as management, protection, regeneration, harvesting, and recreation etc. However, if roads are not planned properly, they may result in serious impacts on forest ecosystems including degradation and fragmentation of habitats. On the other hand, light availability along the road edge increases which reflects the diversity and amount of plant species. In the study, it was aimed to investigate the rod edge effect on tree growing by measuring the basal area increment along road network located within the linden stands. The study area was selected from Karacabey province of Bursa where linden has the largest distribution in Turkey. In the field study stage, four sample trees were selected from 5-meter-wide stripes at the road edge and from control zone which is about 50 meters away from the road edge. Measurements were repeated for 6 sample road sections with 500 meters length along 3 km-long road located in the middle of linden stands. Since the stand characteristics were mostly uniform and did not vary significantly along the sample road, stand structures such as tree ages, stand density, canopy, etc. were not evaluated in this study. During the data collection, the diameter at breast height (DBH) was measured for the sample trees located in the specified zones. Then, statistical analysis was conducted to indicate whether there is a difference in basal area increments between the trees at road edge and the trees located in control zone. According to the results, increasing the distance from the road edge resulted in reduction in the average basal area values. There was a statistically significant difference between basal area values for trees at road edge and the trees located in control zone.
VIABILITY OF THE POPULATIONS OF PERDIX PERDIX L. AT MT. FRUŠKA GORA AND SREMSKA RAČA, REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Vejzagić Selma 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 639.124(497.11)
Perdix perdix L. (also known as the Grey partridge, English partridge, and Hungarian partridge) populations have been declining for years in natural habitats and areas in which this species of wildlife has been introduced. Hunting grounds at the base of Mt. Fruška Gora and Sremska Rača in the Republic of Serbia provide excellent conditions for its breeding. In addition to the data from hunting records about population quantity of the P. perdix, a direct monitoring allows a relevant inside to its' quantity in hunting associations’ hunting grounds. The decline of population quantity is mostly the result of the use of chemicals for protection of agricultural crops (10%), destruction of nests and bird eggs (12.5%), and the failure to implement failure wildlife-protection measures, by forbidding the hunt of P. perdix (5%) , and the use of poisons on agricultural crops, such as the forbidden poison Furadan (5%). Although no significant results have been obtained on the impact of predators and abandoned animals on the reduction of P. perdix population, there is a justified concern by hunting associations’ in terms of finding ecologically and biologically viable solutions for impact on predators on feathered game, and especially abandoned dogs. The results of the study were obtained by the method of directly determining the number of P. perdix in the crop fields, in the hunting grounds of L.D. "Fazan Mala Remeta", L.D. "Fazan" Jazak, L.D. "Stejanovci" Stejanovci, L.D. "Zec" Vrdnik and L.D. "Srndać" Sremska Rača. The obtained results directly the need to introduce the principle of integral protection of P. perdix, which implies control over the implementation of measures for the protection of agricultural crops and the implementation of P. perdix protection measures during the organization of hunting on other game species in hunting grounds.
Cloud Computing: Needs Enabling Data Mining and Business Intelligent Applications
Authors: Adeel Munawar  
Published: January 2022

As a new computational paradigm, cloud computing is attracting a lot of interest from researchers in the field of the business community and information technology sector and it can integrate with several heterogeneous resources makes it distinguished and unique to fulfill the demands of different types of users. The rapid increase in data volume and fixed access to online resources, which is related to all departments need to mine data for the discovery of knowledge. Its principal peculiarities incorporate a versatile asset design and along this line a suitable system for tending to be comprehended in an ideal mode. From the specific situations where cloud computing can be integrated, its use in business information and intelligence also conveys the highest aspirations from data mining to updates. This study gives an outline of the recent condition of the arrangement of Cloud Computing and elaborates, its implications in Business Intelligence and Data Mining. This study defines multiple layers that are expected to create such a framework in distinctive levels of deliberation, from the fundamental equipment stages to the product assets accessible to actualize the applications. At the end of this study, a few cases related to Data mining methodologies have been relocated to the Cloud Computing paradigm.
Analysis of Advantages and Problems in Teaching and Assessment with Online System during Covid-19
Authors: Aftab Ahmad Malik  
Published: January 2022

During Covid-19 spread over, throughout the world, online classes were arranged at school and University level. In certain institutions, the experiments of online systems were successful while in certain cases difficulties were observed and reported. In this paper, we are interested to highlight and analyze the problems occurring in assessment and evaluation. The delivery of lectures and grades assessment, comparison of time spent on in-class lectures and online, the provided infrastructure and technology to faculty and its synchronization with that arranged by students. The objective type questions are automatically marked by the system for example Moodle, whereas the essay type (subjective type) questions are normally preferred to be marked by faculty on the system. This is indeed a facility that all students are provided with different question papers. The online system is more economical, time-saving and easily usable. The most serious issues have been unfair means and cheating used by students during examinations. A detailed analysis of the state-of-the-art is presented in this paper. We also present a comparison of online and in-class teaching and assessment, but irresistibly the benefits of online system are more advantageous. For example, a lot of stationary is saved. The online system causes breaks and pauses during delivery of lessons due to instability of internet and concavity issues. The most important is the choice concerning system subject to available facility with leaner and the faculty and its compatibility with emphasis on technology. The use of anti-cheating software makes the examination secure.
El sistema de la cooperación internacional para el desarrollo: morfología de un paciente crítico
Authors: Quint Sascha 
Published: January 2022

Resumen: Este artículo ofrece una perspectiva extensa y actual de las críticas que se han realizado a la cadena de valor de la cooperación internacional al desarrollo incluidos objetivos, organización, estructura, acciones y resultados. Para este artículo América Latina fue seleccionada como región de análisis. Se realizó una revisión de literatura de manera integrativa y sistemática. A consecuencia de, se analizaron y sistematizaron las más recientes publicaciones de instituciones de investigación y organismos internacionales involucrados en este tema.

Palabras clave: Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo, Concepto de Desarrollo, Crisis, América Latina.

Abstract: The article provides a broad and current overview of the criticisms that have been made to the value chain of international development cooperation including objectives, organization, structure, actions and results. For this article Latin America was selected as region under study. For this article, an integrated and systematic review of literature was conducted. As a result, the most recent publications of research institutions and international organizations involved in this topic were analysed and systematized.

Key words: International Development Cooperation, Concept of Development, Crisis, Latin America.
Role of Social Determinants of Health in COVID-19 Recovery
Authors: Navuluri Neelima , Bhavsar Nrupen A. , Chen Vivian , Falkovic Margaret , Fish Laura J. , Gray Lauren , Makarushka Christina , Mkumba Laura , Lwin Hnin Thuzar , Stiefer Auston , Ashana Deepshikha Charan 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceHealth systems are increasingly required to conduct health-related social needs screening. However, how social resources negatively and positively affect recovery from acute illnesses, such as COVID-19, is incompletely understood.ObjectiveTo examine how social determinants of health (SDOH) influence recovery from COVID-19.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this qualitative study, patients were recruited for semistructured interviews from a post–COVID-19 pulmonary clinic at a southeastern US academic medical center between November 2022 and March 2023. Caregivers were included in dyadic interviews when available. Interviews queried participants about SDOH domains, as defined by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and their relationship with COVID-19 recovery.Main Outcome and MeasuresPhenomenologic analysis identified themes characterizing participant perspectives on the influence of SDOH on COVID-19 recovery.ResultsA total of 24 interviews were conducted: 10 (42%) with patient-caregiver dyads, 13 (54%) with patients alone, and 1 (4%) with 2 patients who also served as each other’s caregiver. Most participants were female (18 patients [72%] and 6 caregivers [60%]). The median age of patients was 57 years (IQR, 44-61 years) and of caregivers was 47 years (IQR, 39-62 years). Three cross-cutting themes that overlapped SDOH domains were identified. Participants noted that innovative mobilization of social resources (eg, policies to secure income during time away from work) supported recovery from COVID-19 illness, but destabilization and change introduced by illness (eg, disrupted social support networks) and mistrust of previously established institutions (eg, public health misinformation) hindered recovery.Conclusions and RelevanceParticipants identified 3 distinct SDOH domains positively and negatively influencing recovery from COVID-19 illness. The findings suggest that longitudinal, multidomain data on SDOH are needed to best address barriers and identify resources for patients recovering from acute illness and may help determine opportunities for system- and policy-level interventions that can mitigate the influence of long-standing structural inequities on health.
Use of Clinical Trial Characteristics to Estimate Costs of New Drug Development
Authors: Mulcahy Andrew , Rennane Stephanie , Schwam Daniel , Dickerson Reid , Baker Lawrence , Shetty Kanaka 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceDespite their importance to patients, health, and industry, the magnitude of investments in drug research and development (R&amp;amp;D) remain nebulous. New policies require more granular and transparent R&amp;amp;D cost estimates to better balance incentives for innovation and returns to developers.ObjectiveTo estimate per-drug R&amp;amp;D costs using a novel, reproduceable approach and to describe firm-level R&amp;amp;D costs per discrete unit of R&amp;amp;D activity (1 patient-month).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis economic evaluation used cross-sectional data to estimate 2014 to 2019 costs per patient-month. Costs per patient-month were calculated using data from 268 US publicly traded drug developers, contributing 1311 firm-year observations, that were highest ranked by assets or market capitalization, after exclusions. Per-drug costs were calculated from all R&amp;amp;D activity through approval for a cohort of 38 new drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2019. Data were analyzed from January 2022 to July 2024.ExposureR&amp;amp;D activity, measured in terms of clinical trial patient-months.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThis study used a 2-step approach to estimate R&amp;amp;D costs, first allocating firm-year–level total R&amp;amp;D spending across similarly aggregated patient-months, and then aggregating these incremental costs to estimate drug-level R&amp;amp;D costs per new drug.ResultsAmong 268 developers assessed, 20 large firms accounted for 80.8% of all patient-months and had 27.4% lower mean and 26.7% lower median costs per patient-month compared with other firms. Each 1% increase in patient-months was associated with a 0.9% increase in R&amp;amp;D costs. R&amp;amp;D costs per new drug were highly skewed, with a lower median (IQR), at $708 million ($247 million to $1.42 billion) than mean (SD), at $1.31 ($1.92) billion, after adjusting for the cost of capital and discontinued products. Without these adjustments, direct costs per new drug were a median (IQR) of $150 ($67.6-$453) million and a mean (SD) $369 of ($684) million. While estimated R&amp;amp;D costs varied in sensitivity analyses, mean costs were always substantially greater than median costs.Conclusions and RelevanceThis economic evaluation found median per-drug R&amp;amp;D costs toward the lower end of the range from prior studies, with a mean closer to the middle of the existing range despite the broad scope of included costs. These findings suggest parallel development across indications, adjustment for discontinued products, and a small number of expensive development programs are particularly important drivers of R&amp;amp;D costs.
Dialing in to Digital Disruption: Can Instructions Ward Off Technology‐Based Fluency Biases?
Authors: Brown Nericia , McLennan Daniel , Smithson Michael , Newman Eryn J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrevious fluency research has demonstrated that when messages are heard in degraded audio quality, the speaker and the content they are communicating are judged more negatively than when heard in high quality. Using a virtual court paradigm, we investigated the efficacy of two different instructions to reduce the technology‐based bias—highlighting (1) the source responsible for audio quality (Experiment 1) and (2) variations in audio quality (Experiment 2). Results converged in showing that when instructions were provided prior to listening to recordings, people continued to evaluate speakers presented in low quality more negatively than those in high quality. However, results from Experiment 2 suggested that instructions provided after recordings may be effective and warrant further investigation. Given the digital divide and disproportionate impact of digital disruptions, these findings raise concerns about equity in high stakes environments such as remote justice.