bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stimuli‐Responsive Miktoarm Polymer‐Based Formulations for Fisetin Delivery and Regulatory Effects in Hyperactive Human Microglia
Authors: Baghbanbashi Mojhdeh , Yong Hui Wen , Zhang Issan , Lotocki Victor , Yuan Zhuoer , Pazuki Gholamreza , Maysinger Dusica , Kakkar Ashok 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBranched star polymers offer exciting opportunities in enhancing the efficacy of nanocarriers in delivering biologically active lipophilic agents. It is demonstrated that the star polymeric architecture can be leveraged to yield soft nanoparticles of vesicular morphology with precisely located stimuli‐sensitive chemical entities. Amphiphilic stars of AB2 (A = PEG, B = PCL) composition with/without oxidative stress or reduction responsive units at the core junction of A and B arms, are constructed using synthetic articulation. Fisetin, a natural flavonoid with remarkable anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but of limited clinical value due to its poor aqueous solubility, is physically encapsulated into miktoarm star‐derived aqueous polymersomes. Polymersomes and fisetin are evaluated separately, and in combination, in human microglia (HMC3), to show if i) polymersomes are toxic; ii) fisetin reduces the abundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS); and iii) fisetin modulates the activation of ERK1/2. These signaling molecules and pathways are implicated in inflammatory processes and cell survival. Fisetin, both incorporated and nonincorporated into polymersomes, reduces ROS and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide‐treated human microglia, normalizing excessive oxidative stress and ERK‐mediated signaling.
Next‐generation pathology practices with mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Chung Hsin‐Hsiang , Huang Penghsuan , Chen Chih‐Lin , Lee Chuping , Hsu Cheng‐Chih 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful technique that reveals the spatial distribution of various molecules in biological samples, and it is widely used in pathology‐related research. In this review, we summarize common MSI techniques, including matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization and desorption electrospray ionization MSI, and their applications in pathological research, including disease diagnosis, microbiology, and drug discovery. We also describe the improvements of MSI, focusing on the accumulation of imaging data sets, expansion of chemical coverage, and identification of biological significant molecules, that have prompted the evolution of MSI to meet the requirements of pathology practices. Overall, this review details the applications and improvements of MSI techniques, demonstrating the potential of integrating MSI techniques into next‐generation pathology practices.
Cavity length dependence on strain sensitivity for Fabry–Perot sensors
Authors: Rodrigues António V. , Reis João , Martins António José M. , Monteiro Catarina S. , Silva Susana O. , Caridade Cristina M. R. , Tavares Sérgio O. , Frazão Orlando 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study presents the dependence of strain sensitivity on cavity length in conventional Fabry–Perot (F‐P) sensors. A high number of F‐P sensors were required and to ensure their reproducibility, a manufacturing process was developed to obtain similar sensors but with different types of lengths. A hollow‐core silica tube was used to fabricate several F‐P cavities by fusion splicing it between two sections of SMF28 fiber. The fabricated F‐P has a varying length ranging from 15 to 2500 μm. The cavities were measured under a microscope and the reflected spectrum was acquired for each one. Strain measurements were performed for a maximum strain of 1000 με. The strain sensitivity showed a highly linear correlation with ∆λFSR. Small length variations for short cavities heavily affect the FSR value. The smallest and longest cavities present sensitivities of 8.71 and 2.68 pm/με, respectively. Thermal characterization for low‐ and high‐temperature regimes was also performed and is constant for tested sensors.
Oklahoma Bowfishing Values and Perspectives toward Nongame Fishes and Their Management
Authors: York Betsey , Schooley Jason D. , Scarnecchia Dennis L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In response to lacking information on bowfishing, bowfishers, and management planning nationwide, a survey was sent to 15,000 licensed Oklahoma anglers (bowfishers and non-bowfishers) in 2021. Respondents (n = 1,346) were mainly male (73%) and white (74%), had an annual/5-year license (46%) or a lifetime license (39%), and had an average age of 48 (1,182 respondents provided demographics). Questions to bowfishers gauged the importance of bowfishing compared to other fishing activities; trip frequency and motivation; where, when, and which species were targeted; the utilization of fish taken; and attitudes regarding bowfishing regulations. An estimated 24% of licensed anglers had bowfished before. Bowfishing participation in the previous year had more than doubled (4% in 2018 to 9.1% in 2020). Most (57%) had bowfished for 3 years or less; 49% identified as beginners, 43% identified as intermediate, and 8% identified as advanced. Overall, most bowfishing occurred by day (54%), in early summer (May–July), from shore (49%), and in rivers and streams (67%) or reservoirs (53%). Bowfishers sought carps (85%), gars (74%), and buffalofishes (32%). Bowfishers typically used shot fish for fertilizer or buried them (48%), used them for animal consumption (35%) or human consumption (32%), or returned them to the water (20%). Compared to non-bowfishers, bowfishers reported a wider diversity of acceptable outcomes for fish species taken with any fishing method, particularly the nongame fishes. Most bowfishers (86%) and non-bowfishers (94%) trusted the state management agency to appropriately manage native, nongame fishes. Bowfishers were mixed on their support for or opposition to having bowfishing regulations for these species. Some respondents noted that regulations would result in them bowfishing less (23%) or quitting bowfishing completely (6%). Thirty-two percent of non-bowfishers expressed interest in bowfishing in the future. The results of this survey will be used in Oklahoma and elsewhere to aid in designing sustainable bowfisheries that serve the broader public interest while conserving native, nongame species.
Green synthesis of γ‐aminobutyric acid using permeabilized probiotic Enterococcus faecium for biocatalytic application
Authors: Gangaraju Divyashri , Raghu Anjanapura V. , Siddalingaiya Gurudutt Prapulla 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProbiotics are greatly exploited for use as biocatalysts to synthesize γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA). However, the permeability barrier of the cell envelope is considered to be one of the major hindrances in the effective production of GABA. The objective of this study was to evaluate the GABA producing ability of the permeabilized Enterococcus faecium NCIM 5593 cells. n‐butanol treated cells for 10 minutes showed highest activity in comparison to the other solvents and/or detergents used. The optimization of process conditions for better Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity revealed the optimum points to be n‐butanol concentration (10%), cell concentration (60 g L‐1), gutamate (8 g L‐1), temperature (37°C) and pH (5). The predicted Michaelis–Menten model fitted well with the experimental results with a deviation of 0.16 and 0.05 for permeabilized and non‐ permeabilized cells, respectively. Kinetic data revealed that permeabilized cells (Vmax: 0.59 ± 0.02 g Lh‐1; Km = 2.76 ± 0.07 g L‐1) showed higher affinity for glutamate than non‐permeabilized cells (Vmax: 0.18 ± 0.01 g Lh‐1; Km = 4.65 ± 0.09 g L‐1) as evidenced by Vmax and Km values. GABA produced using permeabilized cells were purified using ion‐exchange chromatography and purified GABA (purity; 98.26%) was subjected for structural characterization studies using MS and NMR. Overall, the approach of using n‐butanol as a solvent to improve cell permeability to enhance GAD activity showed a greater promise as a whole cell biocatalysts and the same could be employed for batch operations to decrease the cost of industrial GABA production.
Incorporation of amino‐functionalized ZnO nanoparticles into polycarbonate/polyvinyl alcohol thin‐film membrane for enhanced water treatment
Authors: Etemadi Habib , Khezraqa Homayun , Hermani Milad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractZnO nanoparticles were functionalized with amine groups and incorporated into a thin‐film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane. Polycarbonate (PC) membranes were coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/ZnO‐NH2 solution using the dip‐coating method. All prepared membranes were applied for the removal of humic acid (HA) in a submerged membrane system at vacuum trans‐membrane pressure (TMP) of 0.3 and 0.6 bar. Attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) and field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images confirmed the formation of PVA/ZnO‐NH2 top layer on the PC support membrane. The addition of nanoparticles caused the hydrophilicity and surface roughness of TFN membranes to increase. HA filtration experiments revealed that at lower vacuum TMP, the TFN with 0.05 wt.% of ZnO‐NH2 nanoparticles showed higher permeate flux. However, at higher vacuum TMP permeate flux significantly decreased. HA rejection did not change with added nanoparticles. As a final result, when vacuum TMP increased from 0.3 to 0.6 bar, rejection of HA slightly increased from 98.3% to 99.1% and 98.3% to 99.3% for thin film composite and TFN with 0.05 wt.% of nanoparticles, respectively.
AC Field Threshold Effect as a Key Factor toward the Efficient Heating of Fluids with NaFeO2 Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Nakonechna Olesya I. , Lotey Gurmeet Singh , Kaur Jaspinder , Bodnaruk Andrii V. , Kalita Viktor M. , Shlapa Yuliia Yu. , Solopan Sergii O. , Tovstolytkin Alexandr I. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPrincipal factors leading to the efficient alternating current (AC) field‐induced heating of magnetic fluids are determined based on the results of magnetic and calorimetric measurements on NaFeO2 nanoparticles and their fluids. Features of the magnetic behavior are singled out, and characteristic magnetic parameters, such as the Curie and blocking temperatures, are determined for the NaFeO2 nanoparticles. The dependence of the fluid caloric properties on the AC magnetic field amplitude and nanoparticle concentration is analyzed. It is shown that the heating efficiency of the weakly coercive NaFeO2 nanoparticles displays an amplitude threshold character, and the heating rate is critically dependent on the AC magnetic field amplitude.
Feasibility of the A‐STEP for the assessment of exercise capacity in people with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Wilson Lisa M. , Potter Angela , Maher Carol , Ellis Matthew J. , Lane Rebecca L. , Wilson John W. , Keating Dominic T. , Jaberzadeh Shapour , Button Brenda M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate feasibility of the Alfred Step Test Exercise Protocol (A‐STEP) for the assessment of exercise capacity in adults and children with cystic fibrosis (CF); in adults to test whether demographics and/or lung function correlated with exercise capacity.MethodsAdults and children with stable CF from two centres completed the A‐STEP (a recently developed incremental maximal‐effort step test). Feasibility was evaluated by: usefulness for exercise capacity assessment (measures of exercise capacity were: level reached, exercise‐induced desaturation, and achievement of at least one maximal effort criteria); safety; operational factors; time to complete; floor and/or ceiling effects. We used multiple linear regression to test whether demographics and/or lung function correlated with exercise capacity.ResultsA total of 49 participants: 38 adults (18 male), percent predicted (pp) forced expiration in one second (FEV1) 29–109, aged 22–48 years and 11 children (6 male), ppFEV1 68–107, aged 10–15 years were included. Levels reached (mean (SD) [range]) were 10.2 (2.4) [6–15] (adults), 10.1 (2.5) [7–14] (children); desaturation (change between baseline and peak‐exercise SpO2): was 8.4 (3.8 [0–15]% (adults), 2.0 (2.0) [0–7]% (children). A total of 8 (21%) adults and no children desaturated <90% SpO2. At least one criterion for maximal effort was reached by 33 (84%) adults and 10 (91%) children. There were no adverse events. The A‐STEP was straightforward to use and carried out by one operator. A total of 26 (68.4%) adults and 7 (63.6%) children completed the test within the recommended 8–12 min. All participants completed a minimum of 6 levels, and completed the test before the final 16th level. In adults, ppFEV1 and ppFVC correlated with the level reached (r = 0.55; p = <0.001 and r = 0.66, p = <0.0001) and desaturation (r = 0.55, p = <0.001 and r = 0.45, p = <0.005).ConclusionIn adults and children with stable CF, the A‐STEP was feasible, safe, and operationally easy to use for the assessment of exercise capacity, without floor or ceiling effects. In adults, lung function correlated with exercise capacity.
Synthesis of a New 1,2,4‐Triazine Derived Azidoxime
Authors: Cleveland Alexander H. , Imler Gregory H. , Snyder Christopher J. , Chavez David E. , Parrish Damon A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA 1,2,4‐triazine based azidoxime was formed via the substitution of a chloroxime (3) with sodium azide in ethanol. This compound was characterized via single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. This material has a calculated density of 1.746 g ⋅ cm−3 and is less sensitive to impact, spark, and friction, as compared to PETN and RDX. The dehydrated material has a calculated density of 1.823 g ⋅ cm−3 and the detonation pressure and velocity of 4 are calculated to be 29.1 GPa and 8.67 km ⋅ s−1, respectively.
Assessment of dose gradient index variation during simultaneously integrated boost intensity‐modulated radiation therapy for head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Al‐Rawi Salam Abdulrazzaq Ibrahim , Abouelenein Hassan , Nagdy Mohamad El‐Sayed EL , Alabdei Haidar Hamza , Sulaiman Awf Abdulrahman , Al‐Nuaimi Dalya Saad , Khalil Magdy Mohammed , Alshewered Ahmed Salih 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveDose gradient index (DGI) is a tool used to evaluate radiation dose gradient outside the target. This study aimed to analyze the consistency of this tool through the long course of radiotherapy due to patient anatomical changes, such as body weight loss and tumor shrinkage.MethodsA total of 30 patients diagnosed with different head and neck cancer were treated with the simultaneous integrated boost intensity‐modulated radiation therapy technique; the patients underwent new computed tomography (CT) simulations after 10 and 20 treatment sessions. The gradient index was compared for the initial, reconstructed, and adaptive plans.ResultsAll patients showed a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in weight at reconstructed CT1 (RCT1) and reconstructed CT2 compared with original CT. Also, primary gross tumor volume was significantly decreased (p < 0.001) at reconstructed CT1 and reconstructed CT2. In the dosimetric part, all organs showed a significant increase in dose delivery at reconstructed plans (Rplans) compared with the original plan (Oplan). Meanwhile, at adaptive plans (Aplans), all organs showed a significant decrease in dose delivery compared with Oplan. The DGI was significantly increased at Rplan1 and Rplan2 compared with Oplan, with a median value of 29 (15.5–41.3) and 30 (15.1–38) at Rplan1 and Rplan2, respectively, and 25.8 (14.9–37.6) at Oplan. Whereas DGI value decreased significantly at Aplan1 compared with Oplan, and then insignificantly increased at Aplan2 compared with Aplan1.ConclusionDGI must be evaluated during the intensity‐modulated radiation therapy course in the treatment of head and neck cancers, which clearly varies significantly as a result of a patient's anatomical changes during the radiotherapy course, and it can be improved or maintained to its original value by using adaptive planning strategy.
Ranitidine and the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions to paclitaxel: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Haine Anouk I. , Notenboom Cornelia (Marije) A. W. , Tan Liong (Vincent) P. , Ruiter Rikje , van der Deure Wendy M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPaclitaxel is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent. To minimize the risk of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), which occur in approximately 16–42% of patients, premedication with dexamethasone, clemastine, and ranitidine was standard of care. As of October 2019, ranitidine is no longer available. We compared the risk of HSRs to paclitaxel with and without premedication with ranitidine, hypothesizing that the incidence of HSRs to paclitaxel will be similar. In this retrospective cohort study, all first‐time paclitaxel users in the Groene Hart Hospital were included from January 2019 to August 2020. The primary outcome was the incidence of HSRs, using a Student's t‐test. One‐hundred and eight patients who were first‐time users of paclitaxel in the Groene Hart Hospital met the inclusion criteria. Most patients were treated for breast or ovarian cancer, followed by lung cancer. Analysis of all 836 paclitaxel administrations was performed. Following 349 administrations with ranitidine as premedication, eight HSRs occurred (2.3%), while following 487 administrations without ranitidine, 12 HSRs occurred (2.5%), p‐value of 0.87. An additional analysis on the occurrence of HSRs per patient was performed: 45 patients received premedication in the form of ranitidine, of which eight patients (17.8%) had a HSR. Sixty‐three patients did not receive premedication in the form of ranitidine, of whom 10 (15.8%) had a HSR, p‐value of .80. In conclusion, we found no difference in the incidence of HSRs during paclitaxel infusions between patients who received ranitidine as premedication versus those who did not.
Evaluation of macadamia felted coccid (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) damage and cultivar susceptibility using imagery from a small unmanned aerial vehicle (sUAV), combined with ground truthing
Authors: Pulakkatu‐thodi Ishakh , Dzurisin Jason , Follett Peter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDMacadamia felted coccid, Acanthococcus ioronsidei (Williams) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae), is a significant pest of macadamia nut, Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche (Protaceae), in Hawaii, and heavy infestations can kill branches, resulting in characteristic dead, copper‐colored leaves. Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (sUAV) or ‘drones,’ combined with spatial data analysis, can provide growers with accurate and high‐resolution detection of plant stress due to pest infestations. We investigated the feasibility of using RGB (red‐green‐blue) color images from sUAV to detect dieback caused by macadamia felted coccid infestation and compared sUAV estimates with ground‐based damage estimates (ground truthing).RESULTSSpatial analysis showed clustering of foliar damage that reflected cultivar susceptibility to macadamia felted coccid infestation, with cultivars 344 and 856 being susceptible, and cultivars 800 and 333 being tolerant. sUAV and ground‐based estimates of foliar damage were similar for the cultivar 344, but ground‐based assessments were higher than sUAV for cultivar 856, possibly due to the differences in canopy architecture and significant early dieback in the lower canopy. At foliar damage levels <10%, sUAV and ground truthing data were significantly positively correlated, suggesting sUAV may be useful in detecting early stages of macadamia felted coccid infestation.CONCLUSIONSCultivars showed varying susceptibility to macadamia felted coccid infestation and the foliage damage appeared in clusters. sUAV was able to detect the foliage damage under high and low infestation scenarios suggesting that it can be effectively used for the early detection of infestations. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
l‐Carnitine therapy improves right heart dysfunction through Cpt1‐dependent fatty acid oxidation
Authors: Agrawal Vineet , Hemnes Anna R. , Shelburne Nicholas J. , Fortune Niki , Fuentes Julio L. , Colvin Dan , Calcutt Marion W. , Talati Megha , Poovey Emily , West James D. , Brittain Evan L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal vasculopathy that ultimately leads to elevated pulmonary pressure and death by right ventricular (RV) failure, which occurs in part due to decreased fatty acid oxidation and cytotoxic lipid accumulation. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that decreased fatty acid oxidation and increased lipid accumulation in the failing RV is driven, in part, by a relative carnitine deficiency. We then tested whether supplementation of l‐carnitine can reverse lipotoxic RV failure through augmentation of fatty acid oxidation. In vivo in transgenic mice harboring a human BMPR2 mutation,
l‐carnitine supplementation reversed RV failure by increasing RV cardiac output, improving RV ejection fraction, and decreasing RV lipid accumulation through increased PPARγ expression and augmented fatty acid oxidation of long chain fatty acids. These findings were confirmed in a second model of pulmonary artery banding‐induced RV dysfunction. In vitro,
l‐carnitine supplementation selectively increased fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria and decreased lipid accumulation through a Cpt1‐dependent pathway.
l‐Carnitine supplementation improves right ventricular contractility in the stressed RV through augmentation of fatty acid oxidation and decreases lipid accumulation. Correction of carnitine deficiency through
l‐carnitine supplementation in PAH may reverse RV failure.
Performances of Islamic and conventional equities during the global health crisis: Time‐frequency analysis of BRICS+T markets
Authors: Smolo Edib , Jahangir Rashed , Nagayev Ruslan , Tarazi Christo S. C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the dynamic linkages and spillover effect between emerging economies (BRICS and Turkey), focusing on global crises, notably the COVID‐19 pandemic. The study uses daily frequency data covering the period from 2002M5 to 2021M03. For the methodology, the paper employs Wavelet Coherence for multiresolution time‐frequency analysis in addition to the frameworks of Diebold‐Yilmaz Connectedness Index (DY12) and Barunik‐Krehlik Frequency Connectedness Index (BK18). The empirical results reveal that the stock market comovements among sample markets are non‐monotonous and depend on the time and frequency of returns. Significant correlations among the sample countries and a spike in overall spillover are also evident at the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic or the Global Health Crisis (GHC). China, Brazil, Russia, and Turkey with all the other markets, experienced the weakest links during the GHC. Brazil, Russia, and South Africa act consistently (across different horizons) as net transmitters, whereas India, China, and Turkey perform as net receivers. Islamic equities are more likely to “give” and less prone to “receive” than conventional equities. Compared to the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), the GHC effect is more severe but short‐lived. The findings of this study are helpful to policymakers and diverse investors when making portfolio diversification decisions.