bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiobjective Mathematical Optimization Model for Municipal Solid Waste Management with Economic Analysis of Reuse/Recycling Recovered Waste Materials
Authors: Barma Modu , Modibbo Umar Muhammad 
Published: January 2022

Municipal solid waste management in developing countries like Nigeria did not consider benefits from reuse/recycling recoveredwaste materials during solid waste evacuation and disposal. The benefits from recovered waste materials mostly go to informal waste vendors and scavengers. This study developed a multiobjective mathematical programming model for waste evacuation and disposal, considering the benefits of reuse/recycling recovered waste materials. Data were collected from the Abuja environmental protection board (AEPB), personal interviews, and other stakeholders. The formulated model was solved using spreadsheet solver version 14.0. The study uses various daily budgetary provisions for solid waste evacuation and disposal at a 15% recovery level of solid waste materials to observe the responses of the model. The solution shows that at 71.5% recovery of reuse/recycling recovered waste material; no budgetary provision is required to evacuate and dispose of the waste at the collection centers. Benefits realized from recovered waste materials are sufficient to evacuate and dispose of the wastes. After a 71.5% level of recovery, the net benefit of $1,108.17 from recovered waste materials starts to accrue until the percentage recovery level reaches 100%. The volume of waste shifted to the disposal sites was reduced to 74.5 tons (i.e., unrecoverable waste material) which is 16.82% of the total waste generated per day, and 368.33 tons (83.18%) of waste materials were recovered. The study will give the policymakers viable information to aid proper planning while budgeting and controlling solid-waste-associated problems in the Abuja municipal area in particular and the country as large.

Received: 3 December 2021 | Revised: 9 January 2022 | Accepted: 12 January 2022

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
TULISAN JAWI PELOPOR KEILMUAN DI ALAM MELAYU: SATU KAJIAN AWAL
Authors: SITI NURUL IZZA BINTI HASHIM  , ROZIAH BINTI SIDIK @ MAT SIDEK  , IZZIAH SURYANI MAT RESAD @ ARSHAD  
Published: January 2022

Keilmuan di alam Melayu mula berkembang pesat setelah kedatangan Islam dan melalui beberapa proses perkembangan sejarah. Sejarah tamadun Melayu telah membuktikan bahawa tulisan Jawi berjaya membangunkan keilmuan Melayu sehingga meniti arus kecemerlangan melalui didikan para ulama. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan tulisan Jawi sebagai indikator dalam pencapaian tamadun Melayu. Keseluruhan kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif menerusi analisis terhadap sumber primer dan sekunder. Kajian sejarah dan kajian dokumen turut dilakukan bagi memastikan kesahihan setiap maklumat yang dikemukakan dan menilai fakta yang ada. Hasil kajian mendapati tulisan Jawi telah memperkukuhkan budaya ilmu di alam Melayu dan menjadi bukti kearifan tempatan dalam pelbagai bidang. Selain itu, tulisan Jawi turut menjadi asas kepada pembentukan jati diri dan wadah intelektual versi alam Melayu. Implikasi kajian ini ialah tulisan Jawi merupakan satu sumbangan masyarakat Melayu tradisi yang berupaya menghasilkan pemikiran yang dapat digunakan sehingga kini dalam pelbagai keilmuan secara relatifnya komprehensif dan tidak terhad pada hubungan keagamaan sahaja.

Since the emergence of Islam in the Malay world, academic studies have been developed expeditiously through the historical development process. The history of Malay civilization proves that the Jawi script has succeeded in developing Malay knowledge as it thrives excellently through education from scholars. The purpose of this research is to study the development of the Jawi script as an indicator of the achievement of the Malay civilization. A qualitative approach through analysis on primary and secondary sources has been used throughout this research. Research on the history and documents have also been done to ensure the confirmation of each information that is submitted as well as to evaluate the facts. Results from the studies show that the Jawi script has strengthened the tradition of knowledge in the Malay world and become the proof of wisdom in many fields. Besides, Jawi script has also been fundamental to the formation of identity and intellectual. The implication of this study is Jawi script is a contribution to the tradition of Malay civilization which is capable of constructing the thoughts that can be used up till now in many knowledge areas relatively comprehensive and not limited to only religious relations.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG CỦA BỆNH NHÂN BỤI PHỔI SILIC ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỔI TRUNG ƯƠNG, NĂM 2019-2020
Authors: Ngọc Anh Nguyễn , Thị Thanh Xuân Lê , Thị Hương Lê , Thị Quân Phậm , Thị Quỳnh Nguyễn 
Published: January 2022

Bệnh bụi phổi silic cho đến hiện nay chưa có thuốc điều trị đặc hiệu, người bệnh thường vào viện điều trị bởi những ảnh hưởng của bệnh lên cơ quan hô hấp với các triệu chứng không khác biệt so với các bệnh hô hấp thông thường khác. Nhằm giúp cho các bác sỹ lâm sàng có những nhìn nhận về bụi phổi silic một cách rõ ràng hơn, từ đó giúp cho hướng chẩn đoán bệnh sớm, một nghiên cứu hồi cứu mô tả các triệu chứng lâm sàng thu nhận được ở 103 bệnh nhân bụi phổi silic được điều trị tại Bệnh viện Phổi trung ương năm 2019-2020. Kết quả cho thấy: 98% bệnh nhân bụi phổi silic điều trị tại Bệnh viện Phổi trung ương là nam giới; 33,7% lao động khai thác vàng; 25,5%khai thác đá. Khó thở là triệu chứng cơ năng thường gặp nhất (98,8%). Triệu chứng thực thể: Rì rào phế nang giảm chiếm 91,2%, rale nổ là 75,7%, rale ẩm là 73,8%. Cần khai thác tiền sử nghề nghiệp để có thể chẩn đoán sớm bệnh bụi phổi silic tại các cơ sở điều trị bệnh hô hấp. Cần thực hiện giám sát phát hiện và quản lý bệnh nhân bụi phổi silic suốt đời theo hướng dẫn của ngành y tế.
THỰC TRẠNG HỘI CHỨNG SẢNG Ở NGƯỜI TỪ 60 TUỔI TRỞ LÊN TẠI KHOA CẤP CỨU BỆNH VIỆN LÃO KHOA TRUNG ƯƠNG
Authors: Minh Tâm Dương , Nguyễn Ngọc Trần 
Published: January 2022

Chúng tôi thực hiện nghiên cứu với mục tiêu mô tả thực trạng hội chứng sảng ở người bệnh từ 60 tuổi trở lên tại Khoa cấp cứu bệnh viện Lão khoa Trung ương. Đây là một nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, thực hiện trên 106 bệnh nhân từ 60 tuổi trở lên đến khám và điều trị tại Khoa cấp cứu bệnh viện Lão khoa Trung ương và được chẩn đoán hội chứng sảng theo tiêu chuẩn chẩn đoán của ICD 10. Kết quả: Người bệnh có hội chứng sảng thường gặp là nhóm tuổi 80 – 89, tuổi trung bình là 78,3 ± 10,9, nam giới gặp nhiều hơn nữ giới (52,8% và 47,2%). Phần lớn bệnh nhân đang sống cùng gia đình (68,9%), chỉ có 2 trường hợp sống trong nhà dưỡng lão (1,9%). Đa số người bệnh có biểu hiện suy giảm thị giác (87,7%) và suy giảm thính giác (81,1%). Triệu chứng gặp nhiều nhất là biểu hiện rối loạn định hướng không gian và giảm trí nhớ gần với tỉ lệ là 89,6%. Tiếp đó đến biểu hiện giảm khả năng duy trì sự chú ý (61,3%). Ít gặp nhất là biểu hiện đảo ngược chu kì thức ngủ (24,5%).
De islas y buen gobierno. Nuevos espejos clásicos y bizantinos en la Ínsula Barataria
Authors: Egido Aurora 
Published: January 2022

RESUMEN: Este artículo ofrece una nueva aproximación a los capítulos relacionados con la Ínsula Barataria del Quijote a partir de la relación tradicional entre el tema de las islas y los tratados de buen gobierno. Cervantes tuvo acceso a los espejos de príncipes clásicos y bizantinos a través de las traducciones de Diego Gracián y sobre todo del Comentario en breve de su amigo Cristóbal Mosquera de Figueroa. Pero además conoció de primera mano el uso legal ordinario de los consejos de Agapeto y de las leyes del emperador Justiniano, que él adaptó more novelístico al gobierno de Sancho Panza con agudeza de ingenio.
ABSTRACT: This article offers a new approach to the Ínsula Barataria´s episode in Don Quixote, by stablishing the traditional relationship between the island´s theme ant the treaties of good government. Cervantes had access to the classics and bizantines specula principum through the translations of Diego Gracián and, above all, the Comentario en breve of his friend Cristóbal Mosquera de Figueroa. But he new also the ordinary legal use of Agapeto´s advices and the emperor Justiniano´s laws in his time, which he adapted, in a novelistic way and with sharp wit, to the Sancho Panza´s government.
Implementasi Pola Hidup Sehat di Kalangan Anak-Anak Guna Mencegah Stunting di Kelurahan Pakistaji Kecamatan Wonoasih Kota Probolinggo
Authors: Sriwijayanti Ribut Prastiwi , Devi Nourma Ulva Kumala 
Published: January 2022

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem caused by a lack of nutritional intake for a long time, resulting in growth problems in children, namely the child's height is lower or shorter (stunted) than the standard age. This important role has encouraged Pakistaji Village to continue to improve healthy lifestyles among children in order to prevent stunting. The Community Service Program at Panca Marga University that has been carried out so far for Pakistaji residents is deemed to have gone well. The counseling that has been carried out in connection with the Community Service Program at Panca Marga University is the distribution of pamphlets in order to provide knowledge to the community regarding stunting, stunting counseling to Riyadlus Solihin Pakistaji's student guardians, the “Let's Drink Milk” campaign to Riyadlus Solihin's students, as well as several activities that related to stunting prevention. The results obtained at this time were that the participants felt that their knowledge was increased, their awareness was awakened, and their expertise was added. It is hoped that in the future this activity will continue and will continue to provide meaning to both parties, namely UPM and the community in Pakistaji Village. In addition, it is hoped that there will be many other parties who are willing to be involved in this service activity, especially parties from external to UPM, so that this activity can create many networks for all parties.
Keywords: Stunting, Extension.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATERI BILANGAN BERBASIS AUDIO VISUAL MENGGUNAKAN ADOBE FLASH PROFESIONAL CS6
Authors: SATRIAWAN RODY , FAHRURROZI FAHRURROZI , ENDRIANA NENY , HAYATI NILA , HIRZI RISTU HAIBAN , HASPANI DEDY EKA 
Published: January 2022

This research aimed to develop audio visual based on learning media using adobe flash professional CS6 in material subject for students of seventh graders at MTs Mu'allimin NW Pancor that was valid, practical and effective. This research was a research and development (R&D) that was adapted from the ADDIE development model. There are 5 stages: (1) Analysis; (2) Design; (3) Development; (4) Implementation; and (5) Evaluation. The population was students of seventh graders , with a sample of students of VIIB . Data collection techniques used were using a questionnaire that was analyzed descriptively. The results showed that audio visual based on learning media using adobe flash professional CS6 which had been developed based on the assessment of media experts obtained by 96 with a very good category and material expert assessment was obtained by 42 with a good category. Based on students' responses to the practicality of the media it was found that the percentage of assessment was 75.35% with the practical category. Based on tests of student learning outcomes on the effectiveness of the media obtained a percentage of 88.46%. Based on the results of data acquisition shows that audio visual based learning media using adobe flash professional CS6 was feasible and can be used in the mathematics learning process of material for students of seventh graders at MTs Mu'allimin NW Pancor.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran bilangan berbasis audio visual menggunakan adobe flash profesional CS6 untuk kelas VII MTs Mu’allimin NW Pancor yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang diadaptasi dari model pengembangan ADDIE. Tahapan penelitian ini ada 5 tahap, yaitu: (1) Analysis; (2) Design; (3) Development; (4) Impelementation; dan (5) Evaluation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran bilangan berbasis audio visual menggunakan adobe flash professional CS6 yang telah dikembangkan berdasarkan penilaian ahli media diperoleh sebesar 96 dengan kategori baik. Berdasarkan respon siswa terhadap kepraktisan media didapatkan persentasi penilaian sebesar 75,35% dengan kategori praktis. Berdasarkan tes hasil belajar siswa terhadap keefektifan media yang telah dikembangkan diperoleh persentase sebesar 88,46%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran bilangan berbasis audio visual menggunakan adobe flash professional CS6 layak dan dapat digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran matematika materi bilangan kelas VII MTs Mu’allimin NW Pancor.
KAZAKHSTAN'S MARKET POSITIONS WITHIN THE EAEU
Authors: САРСЕМБАЕВА А.М. 
Published: January 2022

В данной статье рассмотрена проблема реализации процесса регистрации медицинских изделий в рамках ЕАЭС. Проанализирован рынок аккредитованных лаборатории, способных проводить испытания для дальнейшего процесса регистрации. А также стоит обратить внимание на нехватку лабораторий, способных проводить различные испытания на безопасность медицинских изделий в Казахстане в рамках ЕАЭС.
This article discusses the problem of implementing the registration process of medical devices within the EAEU. The market of accredited laboratories capable of conducting tests for the further registration process is analyzed. And it is also worth paying attention to the shortage of laboratories capable of conducting various tests for the safety of medical devices in Kazakhstan within the framework of the EAEU.
LOCAL HYPOXIA AND IMMUNODEFICIENCY. EFFECT OF OBESITY ON REDUCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT FOR BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS
Authors: ЖУКЕМБАЕВА А.М. , АКИМЖАН М.К. , АБТЫХАЛИ Н.К. , АЛИМКУЛ И.О. , ДҮЙСЕНБАЙ А.Б. , САТЫБАЛДИЕВА А.К. , МУХАМЕДЖАН А.А. , ТАЛГАТКЫЗЫ Е. 
Published: January 2022

Проведен анализ результатов обследования 143 больных бактериальным вагинозом с учетом наличия у них алиментарного ожирения. Все женщины, принимавшие участие в нашем исследовании, дали письменное информированное согласие на участие в нем. Исследование проводили до начала лечения бактериального вагиноза. В зависимости от наличия алиментарного ожирения больных разделили на 2 группы. В I группу вошли 97 с нормальным весом телом, без признаков алиментарного ожирения. Во II группе у 46 больных отмечалось увеличение массы тела, соответствующее алиментарному ожирению II степени. Критериями для анализа являлись результатами бактериоскопического исследования мазков из влагалища, окрашенных по Грамму и выявления в них количественных показателей «ключевых клеток» и показатели оксиметрии, определение интегративного коэффициента Кслиз%, отражающий содержание кислорода в слизистой оболочке, по отношению к показателям, зарегистрированным на II пальце кисти, позволяющего прогнозировать результативность лечения. Таким образом, на фоне алиментарного ожирения еще до начала лечения интенсивность патологического процесса при бактериальном вагинозе была более выражена, чем без него. При этом локальные гипоксия и иммунодефицит свидетельствовали о риске снижения эффективности лечения
The analysis of the results of examination of 143 patients with bacterial vaginosis, taking into account the presence of alimentary obesity, was carried out. All women who took part in our study gave written informed consent to participate in it. The study was carried out before starting treatment for bacterial vaginosis. Depending on the presence of alimentary obesity, the patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I included 97 people with normal body weight, without signs of alimentary obesity. In group II, 46 patients showed an increase in body weight corresponding to alimentary obesity of the II degree. The criteria for the analysis were the results of bacterioscopic examination of vaginal smears stained according to Gram and the identification of quantitative indicators of "key cells" in them and oximetry indicators, determination of the integrative coefficient Cmucous membrane% , reflecting the oxygen content in the mucous membrane, in relation to the indicators recorded on the second finger of the hand, which allows predicting the effectiveness of treatment. Thus, amid alimentary obesity, even before the start of treatment, the intensity of the pathological process with bacterial vaginosis was more pronounced than without it. At the same time, local hypoxia and immunodeficiency indicated the risk of a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment.
ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC AWARENESS OF GENERICS AND THEIR ATTITUDES TOWARD DOMESTIC PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURERS AND REPRODUCED DRUGS/ GENERICS
Authors: ИЗДИБАЙ М.А. , КАНИБАЕВ А.А. , КАБДЫЛКАНОВА Э.Ж. 
Published: January 2022

Цель исследования - определить уровень информированности среди населения как по вопросам генериков, так и о фармацевтической промышленности Казахстана. Анкета была разработана с применением системного подхода к её структуре и с соответствующими вопросами, проведён метод онлайн опроса и осуществлена обработка анкет представителей разных сфер деятельности, результаты анкетирования приведены в сравнительном аспекте с использованием диаграмм. При составлении вопросов особое внимание было уделено к вопросам касающихся предпочтений потребителей при выборе страны- производителя, а также их отношение к воспроизведенным препаратам. В публикации затрагивается тема пользы производства генериков по мнению потребителей, а также их личный опыт использования воспроизведенных препаратов. Вопросы были сгруппированы по трем блокам для более структурированного описания ответов: вводные вопросы; опыт применения; Отечественные производители. При формировании вопросов анкеты был соблюден принцип однозначности и краткости
The purpose of the study was to determine the level of awareness among the population on both generics and the pharmaceutical industry in Kazakhstan. The questionnaire was developed using a systematic approach to its structure and with appropriate questions, an online survey method was conducted and questionnaires were processed by representatives of different areas of activity, the results of the survey are given in a comparative aspect with the use of charts. During the preparation of the questions, special attention was paid to the questions concerning the consumers' preferences when choosing the country of manufacture, as well as their attitude towards reproductions. The publication addresses the topic of the benefits of generic production in the opinion of consumers, as well as their personal experience of using reproduced drugs. The questions were grouped into three blocks for a more structured description of the answers: introductory questions; experience of use; and Domestic manufacturers. The principle of unambiguity and brevity was respected in the formation of the questions of the questionnaire.
THE ACTIVITIES OF THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS DIRECTORATE IN EMERGENCIES AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF PUBLIC OPINION ABOUT THE POLICE
Authors: Тюнь Андрей Петрович 
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматриваются основные принципы формирования и трансформации общественного мнения о полиции в гражданской среде, связанные с участием сотрудников правоохранительных органов в мероприятиях, направленных на предотвращение негативных последствий чрезвычайных ситуаций. Рассматриваются объективные риски, возникающие вследствие некорректной трактовки служебных действий сотрудников правоохранительных органов представителями гражданской сферы в условиях ограничения их возможностей с целью минимизации ущерба от чрезвычайной ситуации. Отмечается, что в условиях действия ограничительных мер на период объявления чрезвычайной ситуации усиливается негативное восприятие деятельности сотрудников органов внутренних дел. Оцениваются перспективы, связанные с улучшением социального восприятия полиции в результате освещения самоотверженности и высоких личных качеств сотрудников полиции, с риском для жизни и здоровья участвующих в борьбе с последствиями чрезвычайной ситуации и в спасении гражданского населения. Делается вывод о необходимости использования средств массовой информации как инструмента формирования общественного мнения в целях объективного отражения в общественном сознании россиян профессиональной деятельности работников правоохранительной системы.
The paper examines the principles of the formation and transformation of public opinion about the police in the civilian environment, associated with the participation of law enforcement officers in measures aimed at preventing the negative consequences of emergencies. The publication considers the risks associated with the incorrect interpretation of the official actions of law enforcement officials by representatives of the civilian sphere in the context of limiting their capabilities in order to minimize damage from an emergency. The author evaluates the prospects related to improving the social perception of the police through highlighting the disregard of self and high personal qualities of police officers at risk to life and health of those involved in combating the consequences of an emergency and rescuing the civilian population. It is concluded that the media should be used as an instrument for the formation of public opinion in order to objectively reflect the professional activities of law enforcement officials in the public consciousness of Russians.
SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF ANCIENT RUSSIA
Authors: Искрина Алена Владимировна 
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматриваются особенности формирования социальной стратификации Древней Руси на раннем этапе развития, этапы появления различных страт в зависимости от социально-политических событий с X по XII вв. Предметом исследования является процесс образования социальных страт в древнерусском государстве. Цель статьи - рассмотреть социальное устройство Древней Руси, определить и описать стратификацию и взаимодействие страт между собой, историю изучения данного вопроса, политические события, влияющие на данные процессы. Основным вопросом исследования явились исторические события, оказавшие влияние на формирование социальных страт с X по XII вв., появление социальных страт в данный исторический период и формы их взаимодействия. Отвечая на данный вопрос, автор приходит к выводу, что разложение патриархально-общинного строя, формирование феодального вассалитета, принципа майората, княжеской дружины и другие внутриполитические события повлияли на формирование социальных страт государства. В связи с данными историческими событиями удается проследить этапы происхождения социальных слоев населения, их состав, социальные функции в обществе и государстве.
The paper examines the features of the social stratification of the Ancient system at an early stage of development, the stages of the emergence of various strata depending on political events from the 10th to the 12th centuries. The subject of this research is the process of the formation of social strata in the ancient European state. The purpose of the publication is to consider the social structure of Ancient Rus, to determine and describe the stratification and interaction of strata with each other, to study this issue, political events that affect these processes. The main research issue was the historical events that influenced the formation of social strata from the 10th to the 12th centuries, the emergence of social strata in a given historical period and the forms of their interaction. Answering this question, the author arrives at the conclusion that the disintegration of the patriarchal-communal system, the formation of a feudal vassalage, the principle of primacy, the princely squad and other internal political events influenced the formation of social strata of the state. In connection with these historical events, it is possible to trace the stages of the origin of social strata of the population, their composition, social functions in society and the state.