bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Affective disorders: eliminate WArning signs and REstore functioning—AWARE—a randomised controlled multimodule intervention study, presentation of design and intervention
Authors: Schwarz Rasmus , Decker Lone , Seeberg Ida , Miskowiak Kamilla Woznica , Kessing Lars Vedel , Vinberg Maj 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionAffective disorders are associated with impaired overall functioning and quality of life (QoL). Despite different medical and psychological treatment options, the prognosis remains largely unchanged. Consequently, the field needs new intervention strategies especially targeting patient groups with impaired functioning. This study aims to improve functioning and QoL in patients with affective disorders using a comprehensive 360° intervention.Methods and analysisAffective disorders: eliminate WArning signs And REstore (AWARE) functioning is a randomised, controlled, parallel-group design study. Participants will be 120 outpatients, men or women, aged 18–65 years, with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder. Inclusion requires an objectively rated impaired functioning defined as a score ≥11 according to the Functioning Assessment Short Test. Participants will be randomised to 6-month AWARE intervention or treatment as usual (TAU). The AWARE intervention is a 360° multimodal intervention based on the International Classification of Functioning Brief Core Set for bipolar and unipolar disorder targeting functioning.The primary outcome is improvement of observation-based activities of daily living (ADL) ability using Assessment of Motor and Process Skills. Secondary outcomes are changes from baseline to endpoint in functioning, QoL, stress, cognition and physical health.Our hypothesis is that the AWARE treatment in comparison with TAU will improve observed ability to perform ADL, patients self-perceived level of functioning and QoL.Status: currently recruiting patients.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from The Regional Ethics Committee in the Capital Region of Denmark. All patients will be provided oral and written information about the trial before informed consent is obtained. The study results will be disseminated by peer-review publications. If the present AWARE intervention shows beneficial effects, the goal is to use it as a template for future interventions addressing disability in patients with affective disorders as well as for patients within other diagnostic categories.Trial registration numberNCT04701827; Clinicaltrials.gov.
Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS-attributed mortalities and associated sociodemographic factors in Papua New Guinea: evidence from the comprehensive health and epidemiological surveillance system
Authors: Pham Bang Nguyen , Abori Norah , Silas Vinson D , Jorry Ronny , Rao Chalapati , Okely Tony , Pomat Willie 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTuberculosis (TB) and HIV/AIDS are public health concerns in Papua New Guinea (PNG). This study examines TB and HIV/AIDS mortalities and associated sociodemographic factors in PNG.MethodAs part of a longitudinal study, verbal autopsy (VA) interviews were conducted using the WHO 2016 VA Instrument to collect data of 926 deaths occurred in the communities within the catchment areas of the Comprehensive Health and Epidemiological Surveillance System from 2018 to 2020.InterVA-5 cause of deaths analytical tool was used to assign specific causes of death (COD). Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify associated sociodemographic factors, estimate adjusted ORs (AOR), 95% CIs and p values.ResultTB and HIV/AIDS were the leading CODs from infectious diseases, attributed to 9% and 8% of the total deaths, respectively.Young adults (25–34 years) had the highest proportion of deaths from TB (20%) and the risk of dying from TB among this age group was five times more likely than those aged 75+ years (AOR: 5.5 (95% CI 1.4 to 21.7)). Urban populations were 46% less likely to die from this disease compared rural ones although the difference was not significant (AOR: 0.54 (95% CI 0.3 to 1.0)). People from middle household wealth quintile were three times more likely to die from TB than those in the richest quintile (AOR: 3.0 (95% CI 1.3 to 7.4)).Young adults also had the highest proportion of deaths to HIV/AIDS (18%) and were nearly seven times more likely to die from this disease compared with those aged 75+years (AOR: 6.7 (95% CI 1.7 to 25.4)). Males were 48% less likely to die from HIV/AIDS than females (AOR: 0.52 (95% CI 0.3 to 0.9)). The risk of dying from HIV/AIDS in urban population was 54% less likely than their rural counterparts (AOR: 0.46 (95% CI 0.2 to 0.9)).ConclusionTB and HIV/AIDS interventions are needed to target vulnerable populations to reduce premature mortality from these diseases in PNG.
Spatial distributions and determinants of anaemia among adolescent girls in Ethiopia: a secondary analysis of EDHS 2016 – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Atalell Kendalem Asmare , Tamir Tadesse Tarik , Alemu Tewodros Getaneh , Techane Masresha Asmare 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the spatial distributions and determinants of anaemia among adolescent girls in Ethiopia. Exploring the spatial epidemiology of anaemia and identifying the risk factors would inform policymakers to come up with evidence-based prevention strategies for anaemia, especially in adolescent girls, who are the most affected segment of the population.MethodsSecondary analysis of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 was conducted. A total of 3172 adolescents were included in the analysis. The Bernoulli model was fitted using SaTScan V.9.6 to identify hotspot areas and the geospatial pattern and prediction of anaemia were mapped using ArcGIS V.10.8. A multilevel logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with anaemia among adolescent girls. Adjusted OR with 95% CI was calculated and variables having a p value less than 0.05 were statistically significant factors of anaemia.ResultThe overall prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls in Ethiopia was 23.8 (22.4 to 25.3), with significant spatial variations across the country. The SaTScan analysis identified a primary cluster in the eastern, northeastern and southeastern parts of Ethiopia (loglikelihood ratio=39, p<0.001). High anaemia prevalence was observed in eastern parts of the country. In the multivariable multilevel logistic regression analysis, no formal education (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.49, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.12), Afar (AOR=3.36, 95% CI 1.87 to 6.05), Somali (AOR=4.63, 95% CI 2.61 to 8.23), Harari (AOR=1.90, 95% CI 1.32 to 4.10), Dire Dawa (AOR=2.32, 95% CI 1.32 to 4.10) and high cluster altitude (AOR=1.37, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.82) were significantly associated with anaemia.ConclusionThe national distributions of anaemia varied substantially across Ethiopia. Educational status, region and cluster altitude were significantly associated with anaemia in the multivariable logistic regression model. Thus, targeted public health interventions for adolescent girls should be implemented in the hotspot areas.
Mental health services in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in high-income countries: protocol for a rapid review
Authors: Yu Ge , Craig Dawn , Fu Yu 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruptions to mental health services, forcing the rapid implementation of alternative ways of delivering services alongside a greater immediate, and continuously growing, demand across those services. The care and level of mental health service provided are felt to be inadequate to respond to the increasing demand for mental health conditions in the time of the pandemic, leading to an urgent need to learn from service change and consequences to inform solutions and plans to support the NHS postpandemic plan in the UK. This rapid review aims to understand the changes in mental health services during the pandemic and summarise the impact of these changes on the health outcomes of people with mental health conditions.Methods and analysisCochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase and PsycInfo will be searched for eligible studies with key terms indicating mental health AND COVID-19 AND health services. Peer-reviewed empirical studies aiming to investigate or describe new models of care, services, initiatives or programmes developed or evolved for patients (aged 18 years or over) with mental health in response to COVID-19, published in the English language and undertaken in a high-income country defined by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member will be included. Studies reporting views of the general public, letters of opinion to peer-review journals, editorial or commentaries will be excluded. Study selection and data extraction will be undertaken independently by two reviewers. Evidence will be summarised narratively and in a logic model.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this review. A list of interventions/services/models of care delivered to people with mental health conditions will be grouped as ‘Do’, ‘Don’t’ and ‘Don’t know’ based on the evidence on effectiveness and acceptability. The results will be written for publication in an open-access peer-reviewed journal and disseminated to the public and patients, clinicians, commissioners, funders and academic conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022306923.
Data linkage of German statutory health insurance claims data and care needs assessments preceding a population-based cohort study on nursing home admission
Authors: Domhoff Dominik , Seibert Kathrin , Stiefler Susanne , Wolf-Ostermann Karin , Peschke Dirk 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesWe perform and evaluate record linkage of German Care Needs Assessment (CNA) data to Statutory Health Insurance (SHI) claims data. The resulting dataset should enable the identification of factors in healthcare predicting the time between the onset of long-term care dependency and the admission to a nursing home in Germany in subsequent analyses.DesignA deterministic record linkage was conducted using the key variables region, sex, date of birth and care level. In further steps, the underlying cause of care dependency (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD-10)) was added for a higher level of distinction. Before linkage, the suitability of the two datasets for these procedures was assessed. After linkage, the results of each stage were analysed and the resulting dataset was evaluated cross-sectionally with respect to bias generated through this process.SettingThe study comprises data from the German SHI and Statutory Long-Term Care Insurance.ParticipantsThe study cohort comprised 158 069 individuals who became care dependent in 2006. We obtained CNA data for the year 2006 including 188 935 individuals.ResultsWe could link CNAs to 66 310 individuals of the original study cohort, corresponding to 42.0%. Records from two federal states could not be matched due to missing data. Linkage rates were lower where more people shared the same attributes. The resulting dataset showed minor differences regarding age, sex and care level compared to the original cohort.ConclusionsData linkage between German SHI claims data and CNA data is feasible. Failure to link was mostly attributable to a lack of distinction between individuals using available identifiers. The resulting dataset contains relevant information from both health services provision and functional status of care dependent people and is suitable for further analyses with critical reflection of representativity.
Autoimmune gastritis: long-term natural history in naïveHelicobacter pylori-negative patients
Authors: Rugge Massimo , Bricca Ludovica , Guzzinati Stefano , Sacchi Diana , Pizzi Marco , Savarino Edoardo , Farinati Fabio , Zorzi Manuel , Fassan Matteo , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Malfertheiner Peter , Genta Robert M , Graham David Y 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveAutoimmune gastritis (AIG) is an immunomediated disease targeting parietal cells, eventually resulting in oxyntic-restricted atrophy. This long-term follow-up study aimed at elucidating the natural history, histological phenotype(s), and associated cancer risk of patients with AIG consistently testedH. pylori-negative (naïveH. pylori-negative subjects).DesignTwo-hundred eleven naïveH. pylori-negative patients (tested by serology, histology, molecular biology) with AIG (F:M=3.15:1; p<0.001) were prospectively followed up with paired biopsies (T1 vs T2; mean follow-up years:7.5 (SD:4.4); median:7). Histology distinguished non-atrophic versus atrophic AIG. Atrophy was further subtyped/scored as non-metaplastic versus metaplastic (pseudopyloric (PPM) and intestinal (IM)). Enterochromaffin-like-cell (ECL) status was categorised as diffuse versus adenomatoid hyperplasia/dysplasia, and type 1 neuroendocrine tumours (Type1-NETs).ResultsOver the long-term histological follow-up, AIG consistently featured oxyntic-predominant-mononuclear inflammation. At T1, PPM-score was greater than IM (200/211 vs 160/211, respectively); IM scores increased from T1 to T2 (160/211 to 179/211), with no changes in the PPM prevalence (T1=200/211; T2=201/211). At both T1/T2, the prevalence of OLGA-III-stage was <5%; no Operative Link on Gastritis Assessment (OLGA)-IV-stage occurred. ECL-cell-status progressed from diffuse to adenomatoid hyperplasia/dysplasia (T1=167/14 vs T2=151/25). Type1-NETs (T1=10; T2=11) always coexisted with extensive oxyntic-atrophy, and ECL adenomatoid-hyperplasia/dysplasia. No excess risk of gastric or other malignancies was found over a cumulative follow-up time of 10 541 person years, except for (marginally significant) thyroid cancer (SIR=3.09; 95% CI 1.001 to 7.20).ConclusionsOxyntic-restricted inflammation, PPM (more than IM), and ECL-cell hyperplasia/neoplasia are the histological AIG hallmarks. Compared with the general population, corpus-restricted inflammation/atrophy does not increase the GC risk. The excess of GC risk reported in patients with AIG could plausibly result from unrecognised previous/currentH. pyloricomorbidity.
Fiducial perturbative power corrections within the $$\mathbf{q}_T$$ subtraction formalism
Authors: Camarda Stefano , Cieri Leandro , Ferrera Giancarlo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe consider higher-order QCD corrections to the production of high-mass systems in hadron collisions within the transverse-momentum ($$q_T$$

q
T

) subtraction formalism. We present a method to consistently remove the linear power corrections in $$q_T$$

q
T

which appears when fiducial kinematical cuts are applied on the final state system. We consider explicitly the case of fiducial cross sections for Drell–Yan lepton pair production at the Large Hadron Collider up to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N$$^3$$

3

LO) in QCD. We have implemented our method within the numerical program and we have obtained perturbative predictions which are in agreement at the permille level with those obtained with local subtraction formalisms up to the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). At the N$$^3$$

3

LO we are able to provide predictions for fiducial cross sections with numerical accuracy at the permille level.
Contact Discovery in Mobile Messengers: Low-cost Attacks, Quantitative Analyses, and Efficient Mitigations
Authors: Hagen Christoph , Weinert Christian , Sendner Christoph , Dmitrienko Alexandra , Schneider Thomas 
Published: June 2022

Contact discovery allows users of mobile messengers to conveniently connect with people in their address book. In this work, we demonstrate that severe privacy issues exist in currently deployed contact discovery methods and propose suitable mitigations.
Our study of three popular messengers (WhatsApp, Signal, and Telegram) shows that large-scale crawling attacks are (still) possible. Using an accurate database of mobile phone number prefixes and very few resources, we queried 10 % of US mobile phone numbers for WhatsApp and 100 % for Signal. For Telegram, we find that its API exposes a wide range of sensitive information, even about numbers not registered with the service. We present interesting (cross-messenger) usage statistics, which also reveal that very few users change the default privacy settings.
Furthermore, we demonstrate that currently deployed hashing-based contact discovery protocols are severely broken by comparing three methods for efficient hash reversal. Most notably, we show that with the password cracking tool “JTR,” we can iterate through the entire worldwide mobile phone number space in < 150 s on a consumer-grade GPU. We also propose a significantly improved rainbow table construction for non-uniformly distributed input domains that is of independent interest.

Regarding mitigations, we most notably propose two novel rate-limiting schemes: our
incremental
contact discovery for services without server-side contact storage strictly improves over Signal’s current approach while being compatible with private set intersection, whereas our
differential
scheme allows even stricter rate limits at the overhead for service providers to store a small constant-size state that does not reveal any contact information.
CHD1 Promotes Sensitivity to Aurora Kinase Inhibitors by Suppressing Interaction of AURKA with Its Coactivator TPX2
Authors: Li Haoyan , Wang Yin , Lin Kevin , Venkadakrishnan Varadha Balaji , Bakht Martin , Shi Wei , Meng Chenling , Zhang Jie , Tremble Kaitlyn , Liang Xin , Song Jian H. , Feng Xu , Van Vivien , Deng Pingna , Burks Jared K. , Aparicio Ana , Keyomarsi Khandan , Chen Junjie , Lu Yue , Beltran Himisha , Zhao Di 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Clinical studies have shown that subsets of patients with cancer achieve a significant benefit from Aurora kinase inhibitors, suggesting an urgent need to identify biomarkers for predicting drug response. Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1 (CHD1) is involved in chromatin remodeling, DNA repair, and transcriptional plasticity. Prior studies have demonstrated that CHD1 has distinct expression patterns in cancers with different molecular features, but its impact on drug responsiveness remains understudied. Here, we show that CHD1 promotes the susceptibility of prostate cancer cells to inhibitors targeting Aurora kinases, while depletion of CHD1 impairs their efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Pan-cancer drug sensitivity analyses revealed that high expression of CHD1 was associated with increased sensitivity to Aurora kinase A (AURKA) inhibitors. Mechanistically, KPNA2 served as a direct target of CHD1 and suppressed the interaction of AURKA with the coactivator TPX2, thereby rendering cancer cells more vulnerable to AURKA inhibitors. Consistent with previous research reporting that loss of PTEN elevates CHD1 levels, studies in a genetically engineered mouse model, patient-derived organoids, and patient samples showed that PTEN defects are associated with a better response to AURKA inhibition in advanced prostate cancer. These observations demonstrate that CHD1 plays an important role in modulating Aurora kinases and drug sensitivities, providing new insights into biomarker-driven therapies targeting Aurora kinases for future clinical studies.

Significance:
CHD1 plays a critical role in controlling AURKA activation and promoting Aurora kinase inhibitor sensitivity, providing a potential clinical biomarker to guide cancer treatment.
Metabolic Reprogramming in Hematologic Malignancies: Advances and Clinical Perspectives
Authors: Yu Zhuoya , Zhou Xiangxiang , Wang Xin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer progression. Metabolic activity supports tumorigenesis and tumor progression, allowing cells to uptake essential nutrients from the environment and use the nutrients to maintain viability and support proliferation. The metabolic pathways of malignant cells are altered to accommodate increased demand for energy, reducing equivalents, and biosynthetic precursors. Activated oncogenes coordinate with altered metabolism to control cell-autonomous pathways, which can lead to tumorigenesis when abnormalities accumulate. Clinical and preclinical studies have shown that targeting metabolic features of hematologic malignancies is an appealing therapeutic approach. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming in hematologic malignancies and potential therapeutic strategies to target cancer metabolism.
A Therapeutically Actionable Protumoral Axis of Cytokines Involving IL-8, TNFα, and IL-1β
Authors: Olivera Irene , Sanz-Pamplona Rebeca , Bolaños Elixabet , Rodriguez Inmaculada , Etxeberria Iñaki , Cirella Assunta , Egea Josune , Garasa Saray , Migueliz Itziar , Eguren-Santamaria Iñaki , Sanmamed Miguel F. , Glez-Vaz Javier , Azpilikueta Arantza , Alvarez Maite , Ochoa María C. , Malacrida Beatrice , Propper David , de Andrea Carlos E. , Berraondo Pedro , Balkwill Frances R. , Teijeira Álvaro , Melero Ignacio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInterleukin-8 (CXCL8) produced in the tumor microenvironment correlates with poor response to checkpoint inhibitors and is known to chemoattract and activate immunosuppressive myeloid leukocytes. In human cancer, IL8 mRNA levels correlate with IL1B and TNF transcripts. Both cytokines induced IL-8 functional expression from a broad variety of human cancer cell lines, primary colon carcinoma organoids, and fresh human tumor explants. Although IL8 is absent from the mouse genome, a similar murine axis in which TNFα and IL-1β upregulate CXCL1 and CXCL2 in tumor cells was revealed. Furthermore, intratumoral injection of TNFα and IL-1β induced IL-8 release from human malignant cells xenografted in immunodeficient mice. In all these cases, the clinically used TNFα blockers infliximab and etanercept or the IL-1β inhibitor anakinra was able to interfere with this pathogenic cytokine loop. Finally, in paired plasma samples of patients with cancer undergoing TNFα blockade with infliximab in a clinical trial, reductions of circulating IL-8 were substantiated.Significance:IL-8 attracts immunosuppressive protumor myeloid cells to the tumor microenvironment, and IL-8 levels correlate with poor response to checkpoint inhibitors. TNFα and IL-1β are identified as major inducers of IL-8 expression on malignant cells across cancer types and models in a manner that is druggable with clinically available neutralizing agents.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2007