bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic challenges presented by women with anorexia nervosa and elevated rates of autistic traits
Authors: Jeremias D. , Laginhas C. , Rodrigues D. , Moura A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and anorexia nervosa (AN) firstly emerged in the 80’s. Given the overlap in behavioural and cognitive features between these two seemingly different disorders, AN has been hypothesized to be a female phenotype of ASD.ObjectivesThis report aims to describe a clinical case of an anorexic female patient diagnosed later in life with ASD, while presenting a bibliographic review on the subject.MethodsAfter gaining consent, detailed information about the case history was collected and medical records were analysed and reviewed. A non-systematic literary review was performed on the Pubmed and Cochrane databases using the key words “anorexia nervosa”, “females”, “comorbidity” and “autism spectrum disorder”.ResultsThe current case report is of a 28-year-old female, whose extremely low body weight and complete food refusal for three days prompted her first hospitalization in a psychiatric unit with the admission diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. However, long-term impairments in social interaction and flexibility, emotional difficulties and sensory processing overload were acknowledged and the primary diagnosis of ASD was then considered.ConclusionsAs illustrated in this case, the diagnosis of ASD should always be considered in females with eating disorders, in particular AN, regardless of age. As this neurodevelopmental condition appears to present differently in females, they also seem more likely to go underdiagnosed. Also, due to poorer treatment outcomes in females with both ASD and AN, the importance of developing a specialized approach and prompt referral of these patients is highlighted.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Preventive medicine for anorexia of female adolescent
Authors: Bracco L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAnorexia of females adolescents has a high mortality rate and heavy health, psychological, family consequences even in case of survival.ObjectivesTo reduce the mortality rate and the consequences of anorexia by providing a theory that allows us to have early or even predictive diagnosisMethods25 years ago I found blood type (O, A, B, AB) difference between an anorexic patient and her mother. Pregnancy had been with placental detachment and birth was traumatic, presumed causes of a mother/daughter blood contact. From that day on, I checked, in the case of Anorexia of the Female Adolescent, the blood types of the anorexic girl and her mother.ResultsIn my collection of data (more than 100 cases in 25 years): only the girls who have a different blood type (O, A, B, AB) from the mother are anorexic and from the patient’s history, we could think of a mother/daughter blood contact during the pregnancy. There are no exceptions in my data. My new theory is that Anorexia of the Female Adolescent, in addition to the girl’s psychological causes, needs a “conditio sine qua non” (a necessary but not sufficient condition): Different mother/daughter blood types (O,A,B,AB) and traumatic contact between the two blood types during pregnancy and/or birth”.ConclusionsMy theory facilitates early diagnosis (Preventive Medicine) by limiting observation, for Anorexia risk, to only daughters with a different blood type than that of the mother. Recognizing this “conditio sine qua non” for Anorexia of the Female Adolescent allows us an early diagnosis and a predictive hypothesis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Remote psychoeducation for eating disorders: An exploratory study during lockdown
Authors: Cruchet L. , Scanferla E. , Laszcz A. , Gorwood P. , Romo L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWith increasing prevalence, eating disorders (EDs) constitute a public health problem. Access to treatment is limited and often delayed for the majority of patients. Such obstacles might be mitigated via the development of virtual treatments.ObjectivesConducted during COVID-19 lockdown, this pilot study aimed to explore the feasibility and preliminary clinical outcomes associated with treatment of EDs by means of a remote psychoeducational (PE) programme.MethodsEleven patients who fulfilled DSM‐5 criteria for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge eating disorder completed assessments, including ED symptoms, anxiety and depression, as well as motivation to change measures at the beginning and end of the time-limited (4 weeks) specialized treatment. It consisted in receiving 4 PE documents by email (1 per week), which was completed by a 15-20 minutes phone call with each participant (1 per week).ResultsData showed significant improvements of several self‐reported eating disorder symptoms, including body dissatisfaction and intensity of bulimic episodes.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a time-limited remote PE intervention produces clinically meaningful changes in ED symptoms. Thus, it might be worth developing such interventions in a clinical context, especially when performed prior to higher level of care. Further research is required to evaluate optimised interventions using a more diverse sample from a plurality of treatment facilities and context of care, as well as research in a non-pandemic setting which may have impacted these exploratory study results.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Facebook as a Pro-Ana and Pro-Mia resource
Authors: Jordan G. Lladó , García M.D.C. Díaz , Díez B. Lozano , Sánchez P. Mediavilla , Del Barrio J.A. Gómez , Ayesa-Arriola R. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionINTRODUCTION Facebook is the world’s leading social network with 2,449 million users. Around 22 million of those users are registered in Spain, and 30% of them are aged between 16 and 31. Pro-Ana and Pro-Mia pages have found a space to promote Eating Disorders (ED) as a ‘lifestyle’ using their own code.ObjectivesOBJECTIVE To study the characteristics of Pro-Ana and Pro-Mia Facebook profiles in Spanish.MethodsMETHODS A non-computerized research of Facebook pages related to ED advocacy was conducted. The opened time, publications, photos, type of profiles (public/private) and link to a WhatsApp group of 58 Facebook pages were analyzed. A qualitative and descriptive analysis was carried out.ResultsRESULTS From Facebook profiles: 62.07% contained ‘Ana’ in their profile name; 18.97% had been opened for more than 3 years; 79.31% had been shared; 48.28% mentioned Whatsapp groups; 91.38% were public profiles; 50% named other social networks; 75.86% added text to their publications; 25.86% had shared more than 20 photos on their profiles.ConclusionsCONCLUSIONS On platforms like Facebook, people with ED can: advocate for their disease, set up networks, share tips/tricks and encourage other users to become part of their community. Technological developments have made it easier to access to this type of resources. Despite the platform’s policy, there are still these kind of profiles that make a case for ED.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
How to assess severity in males with eating disorders? The DSM-5 severity index versus severity based on drive for thinness
Authors: Dang A. , Krug I. , Granero R. , Agüera Z. , Sánchez I. , Riesco N. , Jimenez-Murcia S. , Fernandez-Aranda F. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) introduced severity indices for Eating Disorders (ED).ObjectivesThis study assessed in a male ED sample the DSM-5 severity indices for Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED) and compared them to an alternative transdiagnostic drive for thinness (DT) severity category and a combined DSM-5/DT severity categorizationMethods178 males with EDs were classified using: a.) a DT categorisation based on the EDI-2 DT subscale; b.) the DSM-5 severity categories for AN, BN and BED and c.) a combination of the DT and the DSM-5 severity categorisation. These severity classifications were then compared based on psychopathology and personality.ResultsFor the DSM-5 severity indices, the “mild” category was most prevalent for AN and BN, and the “moderate to extreme” group for BED. For the EDI-2 DT severity classification, the “mild” category was overrepresented in all subtypes. For the combined DSM-5/DT categorization, the “mild combined” severity group was the most prevalent for AN, while for BN and BED the “severe/extreme” combined group was most prevalent. Clinically significant findings were strongest for the DT categorization followed by the combined DSM-5/DT approach. Almost non-significant findings were revealed for the DSM-5 severity categories for all ED subtypes. These findings were most pronounced for AN and BN and almost non-existent for BED.ConclusionsOur findings provide support for DT as an alternative transdiagnostic severity category for EDs in males that may be more meaningful than the DSM-5 severity indices for AN and BN, but not BED.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
A systematic review and meta-analysis on the DSM-5 severity specifiers for eating disorders
Authors: Dang A. , Giles S. , Fernandez-Aranda F. , Kiropoulos L. , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe DSM-5 introduced severity indicies for the first time.ObjectivesWe conducted a systematic review and synthesis the frequency of each DSM-5 severity categories (i.e., mild, moderate, severe and extreme severe) for Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorders (BED), and to evaluate studies that assess the clinical utility of these severity specifiers for all eating disorders (ED) subtypes.MethodsFive databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, and ProQuest) were used to identify for both academic and grey literature published from 2013 until July 8, 2020. Twenty-five studies were retrieved for the systematic review based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and up to six studies were qualified for meta-analysisResultsWe found limited support for the current DSM-5 severity ratings for all ED indices, as the majority of ED severity groups were not significantly distinguishable in overall ED psychopathology (mean effect size ranged from .02 to .5). The value of the DSM-5 severity ratings was further devalued as 56.91% to 80.52% of individuals with AN, BN, and BED were categorized into mild and moderate groups. However, there was significant heterogeneity between the studies (p< .001), and some of these heterogeneities were explained by differences in study settings and measurement of eating disorder psychopathology.ConclusionsOverall, the current study provided little support for the DSM-5 severity ratings for EDs, thus it is suggested that further exploration in alternative severity classification approach is needed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The importance of the family situation to understand the role of anorexia symptoms
Authors: Del Sol Calderon P. , Izquierdo A. , Moreno M. García 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe objective of this poster is to show the importance of understanding the situation of the patient’s family in order to know the development and role that eating symptoms are occupying both in the patient and in the different members that make up the familyObjectivesHighlight the triggering and sustaining factors of a case of anorexia nervosaMethodsCase ReportResultsPatient is a 14-year-old woman who begins to develop excessive concern about her body image initiating eating behaviors in the form of high restriction and counting of calories from food. Also she explains that she began to compulsively perform more than two hours a day of sports in order to lose weight Family genogram: she is an only daughter, whose parents have been separated for 4 years. Parents recognize conflictive relationship. The patient recognizes a very close relationship with her mother. When she talks about her relationship with her father, she explains how she felt very close to her father when she was young but that after the separation her father moved away. She describes that his father rebuilt his life a year ago and that he recently informed her that he is going to be a father again. She recognizes intense feelings of abandonment from her father. She acknowledges that the sense of control starting with anorexia initially helped her to feel confident about herself.ConclusionsUnderstanding the origin of the symptoms and their function is essential for a better management of cases of anorexiaDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Emergency psychiatry services in pandemia: Is it different than before?
Authors: Karaman İ.G. Yılmaz , Tarlacık L.D. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAfter World Health Organization declared that COVID-19 disease became a pandemic; like most, people in Turkey were affected by the emotionally challenging atmosphere. Previous outbreaks negatively effected mental health, increased suicide attempts and completed suicides.ObjectivesOur study aimed to investigate psychiatry consultations from emergency service in a university hospital, to determine differencies in pandemia.MethodsWe conducted a monocenter retrospective study by examining the patients who applied to emergency servise and consulted to psychiatry department in three periods: between 11 March- 11 July, in 2018, 2019, and 2020. Patient’s sociodemographic and clinical variables were assessed.ResultsThere were no difference in distributions of applicants’ following variables between periods; age, sex, marital status, experiencing a first attack or an exacerbation, or outcome treatment. Among applicants with suicide attempts, there were no difference between periods in terms of the presence of recurrent suicide attempt (χ² = 0.297 p = 0.862). While emergency admissions with behavioral disorders increased, admissions with depressive symptoms decreased. Admissions with suicide attempts were statistically significantly higher in 2020 (Table 1). Recommendation of psychiatric inpatient treatment did not change between periods, while refusal of hospitalization recommendation decreased (Table 2).ConclusionsIn our sample, emergency psychiatry admissions with behaviour disorders and suicide attempts increased in pandemic period.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Weekly and monthly patterns in suicide-related emergency care visits
Authors: Hernández-Calle D. , Bravo-Ortiz M.F. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSuicidal seeking help seeking behaviour has with associated with seasonal pattern that reflect an array of psychosocial factors. Its understanding is paramount for improving psychiatric emergency care.ObjectivesOur aim was to analyse weekly and monthly seasonality on emergency department visits due to autolytic phenomenaMethodsDaily urgency visits from suicidal phenomena (including suicide attempt and ideation) were extracted from electronic medical records of Hospital Universitario La Paz from 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2019. A poisson multivariate model was performed with day of the week and month as covariates. Predictive margins were estimatedResultsPsychiatric emergency visits due to suicidal phenomena were less frequent in Saturday and Sunday (1.8 visits per day) than weekdays (2.5 visits per day). Peaks were observed in February and September, being April and May the months with fewer visitsConclusionsA weekly season pattern was observed with less psychiatric emergency visits due to suicidal phenomena during weekends. They picked during colder months and were less frequent during spring timeDisclosureNo significant relationships.
A study of road rage in India
Authors: Jain P. , Mudgal V. , Niranjan V. , Pal V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionRoad rage is a term used to describe driving usually extreme in nature. There seems to be a multifactorial relationship between the situational characteristics of an anger provoking road situation and the feelings of anger and road behaviour.ObjectivesTo examine driver anger with regards to various sociodemographic parameter.Methods282 participants completed an internet-based survey including sociodemographic profile, anger assessment while driving using the Deffenbacher Driver Anger Scale, details of the driving. Participants were recruited through networks of authors, institution. The survey was disseminated through social media applications and email by snowball sampling method.ResultsMean age of the sample was 26.1 years with age group 24-29 years making half of the population. Majority sample were males (62.1%), graduates (53.2%), professionals (45.7%), urban locality based, nuclear family type. People experienced greater anger on Defenbacher likert scale for the following situations, when Someone is driving very close to your rear bumper (mean= 3.09), Someone cuts in right in front of you on the motorway(mean= 3.44), Someone cuts in and takes the parking spot(mean= 3.19), Someone coming towards you does not dim headlights at night(mean= 3.26), driving behind a vehicle smoking badly or giving off fumes(mean= 3.38).ConclusionsThe results revealed a prevalence of high anger scores amongst Indian drivers. The rage didn’t vary significantly within gender, locality, type of vehicle, however the anger scores were significantly higher in younger population. Strategies targeting at driving safety and reducing road rage should be implemented by authorities with sensitization of the drivers.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Evidence of substantial heterogeneity in the preventive effect of stricter alcohol policy environments in young Swiss men
Authors: Foster S. , Mohler-Kuo M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe alcohol policy environment was shown to exert a preventive effect on alcohol consumption. However, little is known about the heterogeneity of this effect.ObjectivesTo capture the extent of heterogeneity in the relationship between the strictness of alcohol policy environments and heavy drinking and to identify potential effect modifiers.MethodsMethod: Cross-sectional data from 5986 young Swiss men participating in the cohort study on substance use risk factors (C-SURF) in Switzerland was analysed. Self-reported risky single-occasion drinking (RSOD, drinking 6 standard drinks or more on a single occasion at least monthly) in the past 12 months was the outcome of interest. A previously-used index of alcohol policy environment strictness across Swiss cantons was analysed in conjunction with 21 potential effect modifiers. Random forest machine learning and individual conditional expectations captured high-dimensional interaction effects and the heterogeneity induced by the interaction effects and identified potential effect modifiers.ResultsSubject-specific absolute risk reductions ranged from 16.8% to -4.2%, with the latter implying a risk increase. Four prototypical subgroups were evident: “preventive” (alcohol policy environment decreased RSOD risk), “causative” (alcohol policy environment increased RSOD risk), “immune” (no effect due to low RSOD baseline risk), and “doomed” (no effect due to high RSOD baseline risk). Antisocial personality disorder and sensation seeking were major effect modifiers that reduced the preventive effect of stricter alcohol policy environments.ConclusionsConclusion: Whereas stricter alcohol policy environments were associated with a reduced RSOD risk, adding selective prevention measures that target high-risk subpopulations is necessary.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The opportunities and challenges of working with the development of the ellipse-project before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Baran A. 
Published: February 2022

COVID-19 pandemics has influenced many research and educational projects, and it influenced also ELLIPSE-project, aiming at the creation of a free online curriculum in suicide prevention for students in the higher education in Sweden, Austria, Hungary, Norway and Poland (September 2019-August 2022). The ELLIPSE (E-Lifelong Learning In Prevention of Suicide in Europe) (www.e-llipse.com) is the first international project in the area of education in suicide prevention in the higher education co-founded by the European Union Erasmus+ programme. We will reflect on some opportunities and challenges due to COVID-19 pandemics. Identified opportunities: 1) learning a new way of communicating, 2) reaching more participants (in case of Sweden we were able to get participants from more regions, 3) more frequent meetings heightening the quality of the project, 4) travelling less (online is the more eco-friendly solution). But there were also some challenges: 1) not be able to proceed according to the preliminary plan generated much more administrative work, 2) online meetings was a challenge for those partners who had problems adjusting to the online form of communication, 3) more negative attitudes to the canal of communication resulted in avoiding it, leading to less frequent interactions what resulted in diminished motivation to the project, and being unable to proceed with project tasks, 4) resignation of some patients from participation because of difficulties in accepting the online form of communication. We will discuss these issues in a more detailed way during the interactive workshop.DisclosureThe E-Lifelong Learning In Prevention of Suicide In Europe (ELLIPSE)-project is co-funded by the European Union’s Programme Erasmus+ (Project ID: 2019-1-SE01-KA203-060571). The EU Commission’s support for this project does not mean that the Commission end
Practice guidelines for intramuscular injection in mental health: A delphi method
Authors: Legrand G. , Guiguet-Auclair C. , Boisgard S. , Traore O. , Lanquetin J.-P. , Viennet H. , Morin N. , Cardinaud Z. , Debost-Legrand A. , Bernard L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIntramuscular injections (IMI) remain a frequent practice in mental health. The available guidelines for IMI in mental health only focus on the technical side of the practices. Moreover, no recent update has been performed to improve practice of IMI in mental healthObjectivesTo assess a formalized consensus agreement regarding the best practice concerning IMI in mental health and to develop practice guidelines.MethodsA two-round Delphi method was used. The scientific committee consisted in one psychiatrist, one orthopaedic surgeon, one infection control practitioner, one hospital pharmacist, one mental health nurse, one nurse exploring care relationship and one nurse educator. From literature review, each expert proposed specific recommendations. The panel experts were asked to rate the appropriateness and the applicability in current practice of each recommendation on a 9-point Likert scale. Panel members were recruited in five mental health institutions. The first round questionnaire was emailed to each respondent on February 2020 and the second one on June. Propositions were considered appropriate and applicable in current practice if the median was >=7. Agreement among experts were judged by the statistical measure of the Interpercentile RangeResultsFrom the first round, 46 recommendations were retained by 49 nurses. 27 propositions were retained after this second round by 32 nurses. The scientific committee added 12 other recommendations because of their importance in the literature and clinical practice.ConclusionsThis study provides consensus-based recommendations on IMI in mental health. Nursing staff need to be educated about the new guidelines from both the theoretical and clinical perspectivesDisclosureNo significant relationships.