bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foraging range of an African stingless bee, Hypotrigona gribodoi (Apidae: Meliponini)
Authors: Wakhungu Dennis A. , Namikoye Everlyne S. , Lattorff H. Michael G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStingless bees (Apidae: Meliponinae) are essential pollinators of numerous native and cultivated plant species, especially in the tropics. Knowledge of the distance over which the bee travels in search of food is crucial for successful pollination. Less is known about foraging ranges of African stingless bee species. This study investigated the foraging range of an African stingless bee species, Hypotrigona gribodoi, using translocation experiments. The capture–mark–recapture method and release at various designated distances were used. This study showed >90% returning success of the bees when released up to 120 m from the hive. The distance at which bees attained 50% returns (typical distance) was 250 m, while the distance in which 90% of bees failed to return based on our regression function was 540 m. These results indicate that colonies of H. gribodoi placed in a field crop might provide good pollination within a radius of up to 250 m. The ability of foragers to collect pollen and nectar and the information about the distance they use for foraging is vital for managing and conserving stingless bees.
Diversity and spatio‐temporal distribution of the myriapodofauna in four habitat types along an urban‐rural gradient in Douala (Littoral, Cameroon)
Authors: Nkoh Pauline Blanche Tenyam , Mbenoun Masse Paul Serge , Tonga Calvin , Tsila Henri Gabriel , Kekeunou Sevilor , Makon Samuel Didier , Soh Willy Teukam , Tcheugoué Roland , Lehman Léopold Gustave , Akono Patrick Ntonga 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aims to provide updated information on the myriapodofauna of different habitat types in Douala. Data were collected from September 2018 to February 2019 in four types of vegetation chosen following an urban‐rural gradient: home gardens, fallow land, agrosystems and secondary forest. Sampling took place every 2 weeks using hand collection, pitfall and Winkler technique. Analysis of the diversity within the communities studied consisted in generating indices of α‐ and β‐diversity. A total of 904 individuals of 26 species and three classes were collected. Hand collection was more effective in collecting myriapods (62.3% of individuals collected and 26 species) than pitfall trapping (28.9%; 25 species) and Winkler (8.9%; eight species). The class of diplopods was the richest in species (22 species) and the most abundant (88.4% of the total number of individuals collected). It was followed by chilopods (three species and 7.0%) and symphylans (one species and 4.6%). The myriapodofauna of the forest (Shannon–Weaver index: H' = 2.93) was more diversified than that of agrosystems (H' = 2.22), fallow land (H' = 1.56) and home gardens (H' = 0.97). The secondary forest and agrosystems had the greatest species turnover, while the agrosystems and home gardens had the lowest. This study showed that myriapod diversity is affected by habitat type and season.
Anti‐Ro/SSA and/or anti‐La/SSB antibodies are associated with adverse endometrial status
Authors: Lu Fangting , Wang Yanshi , Fang Xuhui , Jin Rentao , Xu Bo , Qiu Qiannan , Wu Li 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProblemAnti‐Ro/SSA and/or anti‐La/SSB (anti‐SSA/SSB) antibodies impair pregnancy outcomes, including embryo implantation and pregnancy maintenance. Optimal endometrial immune status is essential for successful pregnancy. However, whether these antibodies affect endometrial immune status is still unclear. Menstrual blood can be collected non‐invasively, differs from peripheral blood, and can reflect the endometrial immune status. We herein focused on changes in subsets of natural killer (NK) cells and T cells in menstrual blood.Methods of studyMenstrual blood samples from anti‐SSA/SSB antibody–positive (n = 18) and anti‐SSA/SSB antibody–negative control (n = 8) women were collected, and the profile of lymphocyte subsets was analyzed. The phenotypes of menstrual blood CD49a− and CD49a+ NK cells were compared, and the abundance of NK and CD49a+ NK cells in menstrual blood of the two groups was assessed. Additionally, CD4+T and CD8+T cells were investigated for their ability to secret functional cytokines.ResultsMenstrual blood contains a large number of (mostly CD49a+) NK cells, which exhibited a more exhausted phenotype with greater expression of the immune checkpoint molecules programmed cell death protein 1 and Tim‐3 compared to CD49a− conventional NK cells. CD8+T cells in menstrual blood from anti‐SSA/SSB antibody–positive women produced a stronger response after stimulation, accompanied by increased interferon‐γ, tumor necrosis factor–α, and granzyme B secretion (P < 0.05, separately).ConclusionMenstrual blood cell composition differs between anti‐SSA/SSB antibody–positive women and normal controls, especially in terms of CD49a+ NK cells and CD8+T cells, unbalancing the immune cell composition and inflammatory uterine microenvironment and possibly contributing to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Metabolic regulation by prostaglandin E2 impairs lung group 2 innate lymphoid cell responses
Authors: Robb Calum T. , Zhou You , Felton Jennifer M. , Zhang Birong , Goepp Marie , Jheeta Privjyot , Smyth Danielle J. , Duffin Rodger , Vermeren Sonja , Breyer Richard M. , Narumiya Shuh , McSorley Henry J. , Maizels Rick M. , Schwarze Jürgen K. J. , Rossi Adriano G. , Yao Chengcan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundGroup 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a critical role in asthma pathogenesis. Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID)‐exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) is associated with reduced signaling via EP2, a receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). However, the respective roles for the PGE2 receptors EP2 and EP4 (both share same downstream signaling) in the regulation of lung ILC2 responses has yet been deciphered.MethodsThe roles of PGE2 receptors EP2 and EP4 on ILC2‐mediated lung inflammation were investigated using genetically modified mouse lines and pharmacological approaches in IL‐33‐induced lung allergy model. The effects of PGE2 receptors and downstream signals on ILC2 metabolic activation and effector function were examined using in vitro cell cultures.ResultsDeficiency of EP2 rather than EP4 augments IL‐33‐induced mouse lung ILC2 responses and eosinophilic inflammation in vivo. In contrast, exogenous agonism of EP4 and EP2 or inhibition of phosphodiesterase markedly restricts IL‐33‐induced lung ILC2 responses. Mechanistically, PGE2 directly suppresses IL‐33‐dependent ILC2 activation through the EP2/EP4‐cAMP pathway, which downregulates STAT5 and MYC pathway gene expression and ILC2 energy metabolism. Blocking glycolysis diminishes IL‐33‐dependent ILC2 responses in mice where endogenous PG synthesis or EP2 signaling is blocked but not in mice with intact PGE2‐EP2 signaling.ConclusionWe have defined a mechanism for optimal suppression of mouse lung ILC2 responses by endogenous PGE2‐EP2 signaling which underpins the clinical findings of defective EP2 signaling in patients with NERD. Our findings also indicate that exogenously targeting the PGE2‐EP4‐cAMP and energy metabolic pathways may provide novel opportunities for treating the ILC2‐initiated lung inflammation in asthma and NERD.
Testosterone replacement in prostate cancer survivors with testosterone deficiency: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Valderrábano Rodrigo J. , Pencina Karol , Storer Thomas W. , Reid Kieran F. , Kibel Adam S. , Burnett Arthur L. , Huang Grace , Dorff Tanya , Privat Fabiola , Ghattas‐Puylara Catherine , Wilson Lauren , Latham Nancy K. , Holmberg Mats , Bhasin Shalender 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMost men diagnosed with prostate cancer today have organ‐confined disease and low risk of disease recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Testosterone deficiency in prostate cancer survivors contributes to impaired health‐related quality of life but testosterone treatment is viewed as a contraindication in this population.ObjectivesWe describe the design of the first randomized trial to determine the safety and efficacy of testosterone treatment in men who have undergone prostatectomy for non‐aggressive prostate cancer and have symptomatic testosterone deficiency.MethodsSurviving Prostate cancer while Improving quality of life through Rehabilitation with Testosterone Trial is a randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, parallel group trial in 142 men, ≥ 40 years, who have undergone radical prostatectomy for organ‐confined prostate cancer, Gleason score ≤ 7 (3+4), Stage pT2, N0, M0 lesions and have symptomatic testosterone deficiency and undetectable prostate specific antigen for > 2 years after surgery. Eligible participants are randomized to weekly intramuscular injections of 100‐mg testosterone cypionate or placebo for 12 weeks and followed for another 12 weeks. Primary endpoint is change from baseline in sexual activity. Secondary outcomes include change in sexual desire, erectile function, energy, lean and fat mass, physical and cognitive performance. Safety is assessed by monitoring prostate‐specific antigen, lower urinary tract symptoms, hemoglobin, and adverse events.ResultsThe trial is being conducted at two trial sites in Boston, MA and Baltimore, MD. As of July 30, 2022, 42 participants have been randomized. No prostate‐specific antigen or clinical recurrence has been noted to‐date.DiscussionRecruitment was slowed by coronavirus disease 2019‐related closures, slow subsequent ramp‐up of research activities, and patient concerns about safety of testosterone treatment. Despite these challenges, participant retention has been high.ConclusionThe Surviving Prostate cancer while Improving quality of life through Rehabilitation with Testosterone Trial, a placebo‐controlled, randomized trial, will determine whether testosterone replacement therapy is safe and efficacious in correcting symptoms of testosterone deficiency in prostate cancer survivors, and potentially inform clinical practice.
One case report and literature review of arrhythmia caused by pituitrin
Authors: Cao Xiaohong , Shi Xiuzhi , Wang Mingjuan , Su Zhiying , He Xiaoyan , Zheng Liqin , Bu Lixia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractArrhythmias are perceived as a complication of pituitrin. However, injecting a standard dose of pituitrin via vein causes different arrhythmias. In our case, a 35‐year‐old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to a productive cough with sputum for 5 days and two occasions of massive hemoptysis. After 1 day of treatment using 500 ml normal saline with 10u pituitrin, the sputum was filled with small amounts of kermesinus bloodstains. When pituitrin was stopped without any other treatment, all presenting symptoms gradually subsided after half an hour, and the ECG returned to normal. Therefore, when treating massive hemoptysis by administering pituitrin intravenously, it is necessary to exercise great precaution and therapeutic measures.
Unpaid care work among women in South Asia: A systematic review
Authors: Tripathi Saumya , Azhar Sameena , Zhai Fuhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe specific aims of this systematic review are to (1) understand the prevalence and context for women's unpaid care work in South Asia, (2) explore factors that affect the prevalence of unpaid care work, and (3) identify gaps in the extant research on unpaid care work that influence women's lives. Using the Cochrane Handbook and PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, we searched 18 databases and identified 13 research studies. Drawing on the devaluation framework, we found three main recurring themes in the selected studies. First, women in South Asia disproportionately share the burden of unpaid care work responsibilities. Second, due to sociocultural norms, unpaid care work is unrecognized and devalued as are those who perform it. Third, flexible working arrangements for women are not currently being offered. We conclude that there is a need for care work policies that incorporate the unique cultures, demographics, and labor markets in South Asian contexts.
Population pharmacokinetics and exposure–response of trilaciclib in extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer and triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Li Chao , Rich Benjamin , Bullock Julie M. , Barrière Olivier , Marier Jean‐Francois , Beelen Andrew 
Published: October 2022

AimsTrilaciclib is a first‐in‐class, intravenous cyclin‐dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor that provides multilineage protection from chemotherapy‐induced myelosuppression. This analysis aimed to characterize the population pharmacokinetics (PK) of trilaciclib, identify potential covariates influencing trilaciclib PK, and evaluate exposure–response relationships in extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer (ES‐SCLC) and triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) trials.MethodsPopulation PK analysis was performed using data from healthy volunteers (n = 72), patients with ES‐SCLC (n = 111) and patients with TNBC (n = 14). Exposure–response analyses were conducted to investigate the impact of trilaciclib exposure (AUC) on myeloprotective efficacy, antitumour efficacy and safety. Logistic regression and Cox regression models were used for binary and time‐to‐event endpoints, respectively.ResultsTrilaciclib PK was described by a three‐compartment model. Sex, body surface area, baseline albumin concentration and age were identified as significant covariates on trilaciclib PK but did not have clinically relevant impact on exposure. Based on exposure–response analyses, lower and higher exposures of trilaciclib at clinical doses (200–280 mg/m2) were associated with similar myeloprotective effects. Trilaciclib exposure did not impact the antitumour effects of chemotherapy. Higher exposure to trilaciclib was associated with higher probabilities of headache, phlebitis/thrombophlebitis and injection site reactions.ConclusionNo dose adjustments are required based on the covariates tested. Trilaciclib resulted in optimal myeloprotective effects with no impact on antitumour effects of chemotherapy. However, higher exposure increased the probabilities of adverse events. The data further support selection of the recommended phase 2 dose (trilaciclib 240 mg/m2).
Behavioural interaction of pyrazoloquinolinone positive allosteric modulators at α6GABAA receptors and diazepam in rats: Anti‐diazepam‐induced ataxia action as a structure‐dependent feature
Authors: Divović Matović Branka , Knutson Dan , Mitrović Jelena , Stevanović Vladimir , Stanojević Boban , Savić Snežana , Cook James M. , Savić Miroslav M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSeveral pyrazoloquinolinone (PQ) ligands were recently discovered as functionally selective positive modulators at the PQ site of α6‐containing GABAA receptors. PQs are also neutral modulators at the benzodiazepine site. We assessed the influence of PQ compounds from three structural groups (PZ‐II‐029 and related deuterated analogues DK‐I‐56‐1, RV‐I‐029, DK‐I‐60‐3 and DK‐I‐86‐1; LAU 463 and related analogues DK‐I‐58‐1 and DK‐II‐58‐1; and DK‐I‐87‐1), alone and in combination with diazepam, on the behaviour of male Sprague–Dawley rats. An excellent behavioural safety profile of all tested PQs was demonstrated in the spontaneous locomotor activity, rotarod, loss of righting reflex and pentylenetetrazol tests. In interaction studies, only PZ‐II‐029 and its analogues prevented the ataxic effects of the benzodiazepine, as assessed in the rotarod test and during monitoring of rat locomotor activity after awakening from the loss of righting reflex. Published electrophysiological profiles of PQ ligands imply that positive modulation elicited at α6‐GABAA receptors that contain the γ2 and δ subunit, rather than their neutral modulatory action at the benzodiazepine site, may prevent the ataxic action of diazepam. Thus, PZ‐II‐029 and its deuterated analogues are not prone to untoward interactions with benzodiazepines and may indeed completely abolish their ataxic action, seen at therapeutic, and especially toxic concentrations.
Mechanism insight into the in situ reactions of repeated intramuscular progesterone injections
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Zhou Miaomiao , Huang Danxia , Sun Zhaohui , Ao Bi , Xu Feng , Zhang Fengjiao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntramuscular injections of progesterone (P4) are common during assisted reproduction, which can cause painful injection area reactions, and the current study was therefore initiated to determine whether P4 was involved in these adverse local effects. Female Sprague–Dawley rats were given daily intramuscular injection of vehicle oil or P4‐in‐oil with or without dermal administration of ketoprofen (Ket) gel at right biceps femoris muscle of hindlimb for 5 weeks. It was found that rats receiving repeated vehicle oil injections developed nociception‐related behaviours together with induration formation and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) damage, indicating that the vehicle oil contributed to the side‐effect reactions. Interestingly, P4 injections caused more nociception‐related behaviours than those of vehicle oil as reflected by both nociception score and muscle withdrawal threshold evaluations, which were impressively relieved by Ket. In fact, P4 induced higher induration occurrence rate with larger volume that was alleviated by Ket. Further ELISA assays supported that P4 rather than vehicle oil profoundly elevated inflammatory factor levels. Moreover, an extensive upregulation of Nav1.8 was observed at L2, L3, and L5 of DRG in response to P4, indicating a sole role of P4 in Nav1.8 upregulation. Collectively, P4 may contribute to the painful injection area reactions via stimulating inflammation and DRG Nav1.8 upregulation in rats.
Epilepsy‐associated death in the Southwestern Ontario: A clinicopathological correlation study
Authors: Zhang Qi , Suller‐Marti Ana , Ding Jane Jian , Deng Gansen , He Wenqing , Burneo Jorge G. , Hammond Robert R. , Ang Lee‐Cyn 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPatients with epilepsy are at elevated risk for premature mortality, of which sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is one of the leading causes. SUDEP incidence varies significantly depending on the population and the methods used to document the cause of death. We performed retrospective case review at the London Health Sciences Centre for the period of 2000 to 2018. Clinical information, scene investigations, general pathology findings, toxicology, and neuropathology findings were obtained, examined, and confirmed by two neuropathologists and one epileptologist. The characteristics were compared and summarized. We also evaluated the impact of 2010 revision of Ontario Coroner Act Regulation, which significantly limited whole brain examination. Among the 12,206 cases reviewed, we identified 152 cases with a known history of epilepsy. Ninety‐seven cases (64%) were classified as SUDEP. There were significantly more SUDEP decedents found dead unwitnessed at night in prone position, than non‐SUDEP. Generalized seizures were strongly associated with SUDEP. A male predominance was observed in SUDEP group between 15 and 35 years old. Near half of the brains examined were “unremarkable.” There was no difference in neuropathology findings between SUDEP and non‐SUDEP groups. After implementation of the 2010 revision of Ontario Coroner Act Regulation, fixed whole brain examination was reduced from 88% to 7% of the epilepsy‐related death investigation. Except a lower diagnosis rate of “inflammatory/infectious changes,” there were no significant differences in neuropathology findings. This is the first detailed clinical‐pathological study on epilepsy‐related death based on a Canadian cohort. This study reinforces the previously reported findings in SUDEP and highlights the importance of clinicopathological correlation for accurate classification of epilepsy‐related death.
Aberrant branched‐chain amino acid accumulation along the microbiota–gut–brain axis: Crucial targets affecting the occurrence and treatment of ischaemic stroke
Authors: Shen Jiajia , Guo Huimin , Liu Shijia , Jin Wei , Zhang Zhi‐Wei , Zhang Yong , Liu Keanqi , Mao Shuying , Zhou Zhihao , Xie Lin , Wang Guangji , Hao Haiping , Liang Yan 
Published: October 2022

Background and PurposeAlthough increasing evidence illustrated that the bidirectional communication between the brain and the gut is closely related to the occurrence of various complex diseases. Limited effort has been made to explore the influence of intestinal flora on the risk of ischaemic stroke. The present study aims to identify microbiota and specialized microbiota metabolites related to the occurrence and treatment of ischaemic stroke.Experimental ApproachThe role of microbiota in the occurrence and the treatment of ischaemic stroke was evaluated on ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R), pseudo‐germ‐free and faecal transplantation animals. The target microbiota and specialized metabolites were identified by comparing their distribution in flora and metabolomic profiles in ischaemic stroke patients and animals with compared with healthy controls. The effects and mechanisms involved of the targeted metabolites in ischaemic stroke were explored in ischaemia/reperfusion rats, hypoxia/reoxygenation PC12 cells and LPS‐induced inflammatory BV2 cells.Key ResultsBoth ischaemic stroke patients and I/R rats had significant accumulation of branched‐chain amino acids, which were closely associated with gut microflora dysbiosis and the development of ischaemic stroke. Lactobacillus helveticus (L.hel) and Lactobacillus brevis (L.bre) are identified as the microbiota most affected by ischaemia/reperfusion modelling and treatment. L.hel and L.bre colonization exhibited significant neuroprotective activity and could greatly alleviate the accumulation of branched‐chain amino acids. In addition, branched‐chain amino acid (BCAA) accumulation was shown to exacerbate microglia‐induced neuroinflammation by activating AKT/STAT3/NF‐κB signalling.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur findings demonstrated the crucial role of intestinal flora and microbiota metabolites in the occurrence and treatment of ischaemic stroke.
Early Eocene magnetostratigraphy and tectonic evolution of the Xining Basin, NE Tibet
Authors: Meijer Niels , Dupont‐Nivet Guillaume , Licht Alexis , Roperch Pierrick , Rohrmann Alexander , Sun Aijun , Lu Shengcheng , Woutersen Amber , Nowaczyk Norbert 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Cenozoic strata of the Xining Basin, NE Tibet, have provided crucial records for understanding the tectonic and palaeo‐environmental evolution of the region. Yet, the age of the lower part of the sedimentary stratigraphy and, consequently, the early tectonic evolution of the basin remain debated. Here, we present the litho‐ and magnetostratigraphy of various early Eocene sections throughout the Xining Basin independently constrained by the U–Pb radiometric age of a carbonate bed. Our study extends the dated stratigraphy down to 53.0 Ma (C24n.1r) and reveals highly variable accumulation rates during the early Eocene ranging from 0.5 to 8 cm/ka. This is in stark contrast to the low but stable accumulation rates (2–3 cm/ka) observed throughout the overlying Palaeogene and Neogene strata. Such a pattern of basin infill is not characteristic of flexural subsidence as previously proposed, but rather supports an extensional origin of the Xining Basin with multiple depocentres, which subsequently coalesced into a more stable and slowly subsiding basin. Whether this extension was related to the far‐field effects of the subducting Pacific Plate or the India–Asia collision remains to be confirmed by future studies.