bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of psychological well-being and life satisfaction between extended and nuclear family systems among students
Authors: Jahan Kanwal , Ali Saima Masoom 
Published: February 2022

Background: The family system affects the mental health and well-being of an individual and significantly alters the satisfaction level. The current study intended to explore the differences in psychological well-being and life satisfaction between the students belong to extended and nuclear family systems.
Methodology: For this comparative study, a sample size of 467 participants (204 male & 263 female) was selected, including 314 participants from the nuclear family system and 153 from the extended family system. The Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (PWB) and the Diener Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used as outcome measuring tools.
Results: The mean PWB scores were 343.45 ± 2.745 for the extended family system and 339.67 ± 1.90 for the nuclear family system. The mean score of satisfaction with life was 1.05 ± 5.64 for the extended family system, and the mean score for the nuclear family system was 1.05 ± 5.60 while (t=1.907). Moreover, women's PWB means the score was 343.71 ± 29.57, and men's PWB mean score was 333.80 ± 37.35. While the score of satisfaction with women's life was 22 ± 5.75, and the men's score was 22.58 ± 5.46.
Conclusion: Results show no significant mean difference in the psychological well-being of participants of nuclear and extended family systems. Similarly, no significant difference was found in satisfaction with life between both family systems. Gender difference in PWB was found as women scored higher than men, while there was no gender difference among students in satisfaction with life.
Role of Mothers Resilience in the Development of Resilience and Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Daughters
Authors: Damani Zara Nisar , Hussain Sana 
Published: February 2022

Background: Resilience has proven to be a protective factor against adverse conditions. However, mental health professionals have started studying resilience in terms of reducing depression and anxiety. In Pakistan especially, this area needs to be explored to develop interventions to make people resilient. This study aimed to investigate and understand the role of mothers' resilience in developing resilience and prevention of depression and anxiety in daughters.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study, and data were collected from 88 participants hailing from different areas of Karachi, Pakistan, and among them, 44 were girls, and 44 were their biological mothers. The variables were assessed using the resilience and depression anxiety scale.
Results: The study results reveal that when mothers are resilient, it helps develop resilience in daughters. Since there was no significant difference between mothers' and daughters' resilience, all the mothers were resilient, and their daughters were resilient. Further, this study also showed that resilience is negatively correlated with depression and anxiety. Moreover, there was a significant positive relationship between mothers' resilience and daughters' depression and anxiety scores. Besides this, a significant positive relationship has also been found between daughters' resilience and mothers' depression anxiety scores.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is suggested that for the development of a healthy society, intervention programs that promote resilience must be adapted for children as well as adults so that they can overcome the challenges of daily life.
The Identification of Sialuria with Different Degrees of Intellectual Disabilities in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Ishtiaq Hina , Siddiqui Sonia , Nawaz Rukhsana , Hussain Muhammad Ashraf , Imtiaz Fauzia , Haque Zeba 
Published: February 2022

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphism/mutation in the R263L region of the allosteric site of the GNE gene produces a phenotype with an overproduction of intracellular levels of sialic acid and causes sialuria. In sialuria, a defective GNE gene, synthesized with lost feedback inhibition mechanism, produces many developmental delays and varying degrees of intellectual disabilities in children and adolescents. Several mutations in the epimerase and kinase domains exist that cause difficulty in getting a precise and exact effect of the GNE gene on the disease severity and sialic acid levels. This is the first study investigating the molecular basis of neuronal disorders exhibiting sialuria in Pakistani children/ adolescents.
Methodology: The current study quantified the mRNA expression of the GNE gene and urinary sialic acid concentration by Realtime-qRT-PCR and Fluorimetric assays, respectively. The correlation between relative mRNA and urinary sialic acid levels was evaluated by using Pearson Bivariate correlations.
Results: The data show that severely intellectually disabled (I.D.) patients showed significantly reduced mRNA expression levels of the GNE gene compared to controls. The concentrations of free sialic acid in urine were significantly reduced in severe I.D. patients compared to controls. Whereas patients with mild I.D. showed a two-fold increase in sialic acid levels when compared to controls. A significant correlation was found between an increased GNE mRNA and low urinary sialic acid levels from severe I.D. patients.
Conclusion: The effect of the GNE gene is beyond hyposialylation that could hinder N-glycan structure and sialic acid biosynthesis. The study highlighted the possible involvement of sialic acid levels with different degrees of intellectual disabilities in Pakistani children and adolescents.
Post-operative outcome & disease-free survival among patients of breast cancer with raised C - reactive protein
Authors: Amir Iqbal Memon  , Aisha Masroor Bhatti  , Ramsha Khan  , Maira Sangrasi  , Sheraz Malik  , Hira Mughal  
Published: February 2022

Background: Cancer and inflammation have a bidirectional association; chronic inflammation is considered a major contributor to carcinogenesis. C - reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory protein produced by the liver, has been identified as an important prognostic marker among breast cancer patients. This study aimed to elucidate the role of C-reactive protein as an inflammatory prognostic predictor in breast cancer patients and its impact on disease-free survival (DFS).
Methodology: This prospective cohort study included 80 locally advanced breast cancer (stage II and III) patients presenting at the Department of General Surgery (Unit II), Liaquat University Hospital - Jamshoro/Hyderabad. Patient data, including demographics, stage and hormone status of breast cancer, metastatic workup, pre-operative CRP, post-operative complications and DFS on follow-ups including recurrence, metastasis and post-surgery skin manifestation, were recorded using a structured questionnaire. The statistical analysis was conducted on SPSS version 22.0.
Results: Pre-operatively, a mildly raised serum CRP level was observed in 71.25% of patients and highly raised in 28.5%. The post-operative complications were observed in 12 participants with wound infection in 8, wound dehiscence in 3 and sepsis in only 1 participant. The DFS, including recurrence-free and metastatic-free survival, were observed in 69 participants
Conclusion: After thorough observation, it can be concluded that the raised CRP level is a significant predictor for post-operative complications (wound infection, dehiscence, and sepsis) and disease-free survival among patients with locally advanced breast cancer.
Maternal and perinatal outcome in adolescent and adult primigravida
Authors: Shazia Aftab  , Huma Baloch  , Komal .  , Saira Ghafoor  
Published: February 2022

Background: Improving maternal and child health is prioritized globally; however, adolescent pregnancies remain the prime one among the many obstacles. The study aimed to determine the maternal and perinatal outcomes in adolescent and adult primigravida.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out between 1st December 2018 to 30th November 2019, over a sample of 487 pregnant women (primigravida), presenting at the Jinnah Medical College Hospital, Karachi, for childbirth/delivery. The patients were categorized as adolescents (aged ≤19 years) and labelled as group A and adults (aged 20-34 years) labelled as group B, comprising 83 and 404 patients. Data were recorded using a structured questionnaire containing details pertaining to socio-demographic characteristics, labour, delivery and immediate postpartum period complications of pregnancy. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0.
Results: A total of 1738 deliveries were completed in the study duration at Jinnah Medical College Hospital, Karachi. The mean age of the women was 18.35 ± 0.06 years, and the modal age was 27 years. The mean gestational age of the women was 36.86 ± 2.15 weeks among teens and 38.55 ± 0.55 weeks among adults. The incidence of adverse outcomes was higher among maternal [anemia; 46.9% (p-value 0.05)] and perinatal [preterm delivery (20%), low birth weight (22%), stillbirth (11.5%) and perinatal mortality (10%); p<0.05] was higher among teens.
Conclusion: It is concluded that teenage pregnancies are comparatively riskier than adult pregnancies for the child and the mother, as is apparent from the significant difference in maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes observed in the study.
Domestic violence since dark ages till pandemic impacting the lives of women: Analyzing through the lens of ethical, Islamic and Pakistani legal law perspectives
Authors: Sumaira Warwani  , Anila Farhan  , Sumera Zulfiqar  
Published: February 2022

Background: Domestic violence is a public health issue across the globe. Almost one-third of women who have been in a relationship report that they have experienced some form of violence by their intimate partner in their lifetime. Domestic violence is viewed as a prevalent social and public health issue in Pakistan. Domestic violence includes intimate partner violence such as sexual or physical violence.
Case presentation: In this paper, domestic violence a real-life case scenario has been examined and analyzed from the lens of ethical, Islamic, and Pakistani law perspectives. Domestic violence's ethical and moral aspect has been studied in light of Kantian and ethical theories.
Management & Results: Domestic violence is not only disrespecting women’s fundamental right to live, but it is also harming them in physical, social, mental and psychological aspects of health. Islam has completely forbidden any violence against women and encouraged men to be kind and respectful towards them.
Conclusion: This paper reveals the case study encountered, the position taken, supported by the ethical principles, the arguments and counter-arguments for examining domestic violence. Lastly, it is an individual's and our society's responsibility to work for the safety and promotion of women's empowerment in every stage of life.
La certeza jurídica de los acuerdos de mediación empresarial
Authors: Cen Puc José Arturo 
Published: February 2022

La mediación empresarial genera mejores prácticas de gobierno corporativo, las empresas que quieren una mayor competitividad, tienen con la mediación un método que le garantice certeza en sus acuerdos, provocando relaciones empresariales más duraderas, ya que genera cultura de paz, confianza, honestidad y demás valores intangibles que benefician las relaciones empresariales que se dan entre los socios, los órganos de administración empresarial, sus colaboradores, proveedores, clientes y con las instituciones públicas.
Pendampingan Dasar-Dasar Strategi Pemasaran dalam Era Digital untuk UMKM Kecamatan Cileungsi
Authors: Awang Surya  , Wilarso Wilarso 
Published: February 2022

Secara umum pertumbuhan UMKM di Indonesia masih menghadapi banyak kendala. UMKM Kecamatan Cileungsi di dalam menjalankan usahanya mempunyai kendala utama terkait pemasaran. Hal ini harus mendapat perhatian serius dari pemangku kepentingan, karena perkembangan usaha sangat ditentukan oleh keberhasilan pemasaran. Terlebih lagi saat ini persaing­an antar pelaku usaha makin sengit, kelangsungan hidup UMKM amat ditentukan oleh kemampuan merek untuk meraih pangsa pasar. Tujuan utama program yang diadakan yaitu peserta dalam hal ini pelaku UMKM bisa paham prinsip strategi pemasaran serta bauran pemasaran. Metode pelaksanaan yang dipergunakan adalah penyuluhan yang dilaksanakan dengan media zoom meeting. Kegiatan diawali dengan pemaparan materi, Tanya jawab dan kemudian diadakan studi kasus usaha salah seorang peserta dan diskusi antara peserta. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah pemahaman peserta terhadap pentingnya pemasaran, langkah-langkah strategi pemasaran dan faktor bauran pemasaran yaitu Empat P yang terdiri dari Product (produk), Price (harga), Place (tempat) dan Promotion (promosi) mengalami peningkatan berdasarkan hasil penyebaran kuesioner.
Multidisciplinary Team in Ambulatory Management of Diabetes Mellitus Using Telehealth Among a Sample of Medicaid Patients
Authors: Henley Nicole , Chen-Maynard Dorothy , Pablo-Bandong Erin 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Effective treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus requires a multidisciplinary approach. Our study provided telemedicine healthcare delivery, using a model of collaborative drug therapy management (CDTM) protocol incorporating medical nutrition therapy (MNT) interventions by Dietitians and Pharmacists.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of patient data collected between December 2014 and December 2015. We compared five intervention groups of patients (n=12,370) receiving different levels of treatment from Pharmacists, Registered Dietitian/Nutritionist, and/or the Call Center, using Telemedicine consultation techniques over a one-year period. The control group received their supplies through the mail without any contacts with the Call Center, Pharmacists, or Dietitians. The cross-sectional data collected for A1c were analyzed using ANOVA to assess for within-group differences in A1c reduction among groups with different risk factors.
Results: Roughly, 18 percent of study participants were identified as high-risk, with a serum A1c level greater than 10%. Lower A1c and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were reported for patients who received at least four prescription refills over the study period, (-0.113 and -4.931, respectively). Results reveal that average A1c levels for the intervention groups were lower compared to the control group. Overall, interventions led by Dietitians and Pharmacists resulted in a higher reduction in A1c levels in the high-risk group of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Conclusions: This study showed that using Telemedicine consultation, led by Dietitians and Pharmacists, resulted in a more effective intervention for patients with diabetes and resulted in a positive change of lowering plasma A1c levels and LDL cholesterol as a secondary outcome. For future study, using the same multidisciplinary intervention and telehealth format, a longitudinal data collected over a minimum of 6-months would allow for tracking of changes in A1c and LDL cholesterol in the individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Keywords: Diabetes, Telemedicine, Telehealth, Pharmacist and Dietitian led intervention, A1c, LDL cholesterol
Assessment and prediction of robotic performance of long-term operated drill pipes
Authors: Kryzhanivskyy Ye. І. , Vytyaz О. Yu. , Hrabovskyi R. S. 
Published: February 2022

The problem of monitoring and preventing deposit inundation is becoming increasingly important in Ukraine. The solution to this problem is one of the ways to ensure the energy independence of the state. The operation of producing wells is complicated by the accumulation of liquid at the bottom. Subsequently, it leads to premature shutdown of the wells. Inundation determines the need to isolate the influx of formation water. Considering the significant residual reserves of gas trapped in water, it is important to improve existing technologies and to develop new ones for the development of depleted fields under the conditions of dynamic water drive in order to ensure maximum hydrocarbon recovery rates. This paper summarizes domestic and foreign field development technologies under water pressure conditions and analyzes the main disadvantages and advantages of the existing methods of stimulating hydrocarbon inflows in waterlogged gas and gas condensate wells. The main factors that determine the causes and nature of flooding of productive formations and ways to prevent them are analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis of laboratory and experimental studies, the behavior of gas trapped by brine water has been established.But the issue of determining the localization of residual reserves has not been studied sufficiently. Considering the above mentioned ideas, the author asserts the necessity to and to use geological and technological models constantly. It ensures better extraction of the residual gas from depleted fields under the condition of intensive advance of reservoir water into productive formations. In the case of adapting the three-dimensional model to the actual data of the production history and the simulation of the exact breakthrough of produced water in production wells, there comes the possible to determine the most promising zones and sections of the field, the reservoirs of which are characterized by the best filtration-capacitive properties and significant gas reserves. The use of a constantly operating geological and technological model of the field will make it possible to develop ways of extracting the residual gas reserves trapped in produced water, to improve existing production technologies and to ensure maximum recovery factors.
Understanding the role of pelvic obliquity and leg length discrepancy in adult spinal deformity patients with coronal malalignment: unlocking the black box
Authors: Zuckerman Scott L. , Lai Christopher S. , Shen Yong , Cerpa Meghan , Lee Nathan J. , Kerolus Mena G. , Ha Alex S. , Buchanan Ian A. , Leung Eric , Lehman Ronald A. , Lenke Lawrence G. 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE
This study had 3 objectives: 1) to describe pelvic obliquity (PO) and leg-length discrepancy (LLD) and their relationship with coronal malalignment (CM); 2) to report rates of isolated PO and PO secondary to LLD; and 3) to assess the importance of preoperative PO and LLD in postoperative complications, readmission, reoperation, and patient-reported outcomes.

METHODS
Patients undergoing surgery (≥ 6-level fusions) for adult spinal deformity at a single institution were reviewed. Variables evaluated were as follows: 1) PO, angle between the horizontal plane and a line touching bilateral iliac crests; and 2) LLD, distance from the head to the tibial plafond. Coronal vertical axis (CVA) and sagittal vertical axis measurements were collected, both from C7. The cutoff for CM was CVA > 3 cm. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was collected preoperatively and at 2 years.

RESULTS
Of 242 patients undergoing surgery for adult spinal deformity, 90 (37.0%) had preoperative CM. Patients with preoperative CM had a higher PO (2.8° ± 3.2° vs 2.0° ± 1.7°, p = 0.013), a higher percentage of patients with PO > 3° (35.6% vs 23.5%, p = 0.044), and higher a percentage of patients with LLD > 1 cm (21.1% vs 9.8%, p = 0.014). Whereas preoperative PO was significantly positively correlated with CVA (r = 0.26, p < 0.001) and maximum Cobb angle (r = 0.30, p < 0.001), preoperative LLD was only significantly correlated with CVA (r = 0.14, p = 0.035). A total of 12.2% of patients with CM had significant PO and LLD, defined as follows: PO ≥ 3°; LLD ≥ 1 cm. Postoperatively, preoperative PO was significantly associated with both postoperative CM (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05–1.40, p = 0.008) and postoperative CVA (β = 0.14, 95% CI 0.06–0.22, p < 0.001). A higher preoperative PO was independently associated with postoperative complications after multivariate logistic regression (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.05–1.45, p = 0.010); however, 2-year ODI scores were not. Preoperative LLD had no significant relationship with postoperative CM, CVA, ODI, or complications.

CONCLUSIONS
A PO ≥ 3° or LLD ≥ 1 cm was seen in 44.1% of patients with preoperative CM and in 23.5% of patients with normal coronal alignment. Preoperative PO was significantly associated with preoperative CVA and maximum Cobb angle, whereas preoperative LLD was only associated with preoperative CVA. The direction of PO and LLD showed no consistent pattern with CVA. Preoperative PO was independently associated with complications but not with 2-year ODI scores.
Identifying risk factors for postoperative diabetes insipidus in more than 2500 patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery: a single-institution experience
Authors: Joshi Rushikesh S. , Pereira Matheus P. , Osorio Robert C. , Oh Taemin , Haddad Alexander F. , Pereira Kaitlyn M. , Donohue Kevin C. , Peeran Zain , Sudhir Sweta , Jain Saket , Beniwal Angad , Chandra Ankush , Han Seunggu J. , Rolston John D. , Theodosopoulos Philip V. , Kunwar Sandeep , Blevins Lewis S. , Aghi Manish K. 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE
Diabetes insipidus (DI) following transsphenoidal surgery can adversely impact quality of life and be difficult to manage. This study sought to characterize pre- and perioperative risk factors that may predispose patients to DI after pituitary surgery.

METHODS
A retrospective review of patients treated at a single institution from 2007 to 2019 was conducted. DI was defined as postoperative sodium > 145 mEq/L and urine output > 300 ml/hr and/or postoperative desmopressin (ddAVP) use. DI was further characterized as transient or permanent. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to determine variables associated with postoperative DI.

RESULTS
The authors identified 2529 patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery at their institution. Overall, DI was observed in 270 (10.7%) of the 2529 patients, with 114 (4.5%) having permanent DI and 156 (6.2%) with transient symptoms. By pathology type, DI occurred in 31 (46.3%) of 67 craniopharyngiomas, 10 (14.3%) of 70 apoplexies, 46 (14.3%) of 322 Rathke’s cleft cysts, 77 (7.7%) of 1004 nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs), and 62 (7.6%) of 811 functioning pituitary adenomas (FPAs). Final lesion pathology significantly affected DI rates (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis across pathologies showed that younger age (odds ratio [OR] 0.97, p < 0.001), intraoperative CSF encounter (OR 2.74, p < 0.001), craniopharyngioma diagnosis (OR 8.22, p = 0.007), and postoperative hyponatremia (OR 1.50, p = 0.049) increased the risk of DI. Because surgery for each pathology created specific risk factors for DI, the analysis was then limited to the 1815 pituitary adenomas (PAs) in the series, comprising 1004 NFPAs and 811 FPAs. For PAs, younger age (PA: OR 0.97, p < 0.001; NFPA: OR 0.97, p < 0.001; FPA: OR 0.97, p = 0.028) and intraoperative CSF encounter (PA: OR 2.99, p < 0.001; NFPA: OR 2.93, p < 0.001; FPA: OR 3.06, p < 0.001) increased DI rates in multivariate analysis. Among all PAs, patients with DI experienced peak sodium levels later than those without DI (postoperative day 11 vs 2). Increasing tumor diameter increased the risk of DI in FPAs (OR 1.52, p = 0.008), but not in NFPAs (p = 0.564).

CONCLUSIONS
In more than 2500 patients treated at a single institution, intraoperative CSF encounter, craniopharyngioma diagnosis, and young age all increased the risk of postoperative DI. Patients with postoperative hyponatremia exhibited higher rates of DI, suggesting possible bi- or triphasic patterns to DI. Greater vigilance should be maintained in patients meeting these criteria following transsphenoidal surgery to ensure early recognition and treatment of DI.