bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbazole‐Containing Polymer‐Assisted Trap Passivation and Hole‐Injection Promotion for Efficient and Stable CsCu2I3‐Based Yellow LEDs
Authors: Ma Zhuangzhuang , Ji Xinzhen , Wang Meng , Zhang Fei , Liu Zibin , Yang Dongwen , Jia Mochen , Chen Xu , Wu Di , Zhang Yu , Li Xinjian , Shi Zhifeng , Shan Chongxin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPerovskite light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) are emerging light sources for next‐generation lighting and display technologies; however, their development is greatly plagued by difficulty in achieving yellow electroluminescence, environmental instability, and lead toxicity. Copper halide CsCu2I3 with intrinsic yellow emission emerges as a highly promising candidate for eco‐friendly LEDs, but the electroluminescent performance is limited by defect‐related nonradiative losses and inefficient charge transport/injection. To solve these issues, a hole‐transporting poly(9‐vinlycarbazole) (PVK)‐incorporated engineering into CsCu2I3 emitter is proposed. PVK with carbazole groups is permeated at the grain boundaries of CsCu2I3 films by interacting with the uncoordinated Cu+, reducing the CuCs and CuI antisite defects to increase the radiative recombination and enhancing the hole mobility to balance the charge transport/injection, resulting in substantially enhanced device performances. Eventually, the yellow LEDs exhibit an 8.5‐fold enhancement of external quantum efficiency, and the half‐lifetime reaches 14.6 h, representing the most stable yellow LEDs based on perovskite systems reported so far.
Radiolysis‐Driven Evolution of Gold Nanostructures – Model Verification by Scale Bridging In Situ Liquid‐Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy and X‐Ray Diffraction
Authors: Fritsch Birk , Zech Tobias S. , Bruns Mark P. , Körner Andreas , Khadivianazar Saba , Wu Mingjian , Zargar Talebi Neda , Virtanen Sannakaisa , Unruh Tobias , Jank Michael P. M. , Spiecker Erdmann , Hutzler Andreas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUtilizing ionizing radiation for in situ studies in liquid media enables unique insights into nanostructure formation dynamics. As radiolysis interferes with observations, kinetic simulations are employed to understand and exploit beam‐liquid interactions. By introducing an intuitive tool to simulate arbitrary kinetic models for radiation chemistry, it is demonstrated that these models provide a holistic understanding of reaction mechanisms. This is shown for irradiated HAuCl4 solutions allowing for quantitative prediction and tailoring of redox processes in liquid‐phase transmission electron microscopy (LP‐TEM). Moreover, it is demonstrated that kinetic modeling of radiation chemistry is applicable to investigations utilizing X‐rays such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD). This emphasizes that beam‐sample interactions must be considered during XRD in liquid media and shows that reaction kinetics do not provide a threshold dose rate for gold nucleation relevant to LP‐TEM and XRD. Furthermore, it is unveiled that oxidative etching of gold nanoparticles depends on both, precursor concentration, and dose rate. This dependency is exploited to probe the electron beam‐induced shift in Gibbs free energy landscape by analyzing critical radii of gold nanoparticles.
Design Criteria for Silicon‐Based Anode Binders in Half and Full Cells
Authors: Deng Li , Zheng Yun , Zheng Xiaomei , Or Tyler , Ma Qianyi , Qian Lanting , Deng Yaping , Yu Aiping , Li Juntao , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhile silicon is considered one of the most promising anode materials for the next generation of high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), the industrialization of Si anodes is hampered by the anode's large volume change during the charging and discharging process. In comparison to the traditional graphite anode used in LIBs, the Si anode places more stringent demands on the binder, which must maintain intimate contact between the electrode components and the integrity of the ion and electron transport channels when subjected to frequent large volume changes. The purpose of this review is to cover the recent advances in binder design strategies by examining the molecular structure, chemical functionalities, physical and mechanical properties of the binder materials, as well as the working strategies involved. The challenges in the design of the innovative polymer binder for commercializing Si anodes are discussed, as well as the future development direction and application prospects.
Industrial Fabrication of 3D Braided Stretchable Hierarchical Interlocked Fancy‐Yarn Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self‐Powered Smart Fitness System
Authors: Wu Ronghui , Liu Sai , Lin Zaifu , Zhu Shuihong , Ma Liyun , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSustainable, clean, random energy resources from the environment, like that from ubiquitous human biomechanical movements, are highly desirable for the information era. Such biomechanical energy can be captured via textile triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). However, realizing a textile TENG that has a self‐driven working mode, dynamic pattern designability, high electrical performance, mechanical robustness, and industrialized fabrication is challenging because of the difficulty in fancy‐yarn structure manipulation. Here, for the first time, a 3D braided stretchable hierarchical interlocking fancy‐yarn TENG (3D HIFY‐TENG) with deoxyribonucleic acid‐like double‐wing spiral structure is industrially exploited for multifunctional energy harvesting modes and self‐powered biomechanical sensing. The 3D HIFY‐TENG can generate self‐driven triboelectrical outputs without relying on other objects by body movements. It shows a mechanical robustness (6.9 cN dtex−1), excellent stretchability (>350%), weavability, washability and human‐body comfort. Moreover, geometric and mechanical behavior of the 3D HIFY‐TENG are systematically investigated theoretically and experimentally. Further, multifunctional 3D HIFY‐TENG fabrics are explored, which can not only harvest biomechanical energy and monitor body movement, but exhibit a unique adjustable pore effect, providing potential for dynamic electronic textile pattern design. In addition, a smart fitness system is developed for exercise management of real‐time exercise detection, frequency analysis, and self‐powered posture correction alarms.
Triggering Zn2+ Unsaturated Hydration Structure via Hydrated Salt Electrolyte for High Voltage and Cycling Stable Rechargeable Aqueous Zn Battery
Authors: Yan Huibo , Li Songmei , Xu Hongfei , Chen Hao , Yang Shubin , Li Bin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOcean‐like free water in conventional aqueous electrolytes limits operating voltage and induces parasitic reactions in rechargeable Zn metal batteries (AZMBs). Herein, a hydrated salt electrolyte (HSE), which suppresses the presence of free water and triggers an unsaturated hydration structure (Zn(H2O)n2+, n < 6), is proposed to circumvent the parasitic reactions occurring on the zinc anode and cathode and elevate the decomposition voltage (to ≈2.55 V vs Zn2+/Zn). In a full cell with a transition metal oxide cathode, the parasitic reactions of dissolution and diffusion of discharge products are inhibited, and high discharge capacity retention above 80% at 500 mA g‐1 and super‐stable Coulombic efficiency (average value ≈99.97%) are delivered. Moreover, when applied in a high‐voltage AZMB with zinc hexacyanoferrate cathode, the full cell yields an average output voltage above 1.8 V together with a 132.3 Wh kg‐1 energy density at 10 mA g‐1 and 1.78 V output voltage combining high energy density and power density (88.5 Wh kg‐1/106.2 W kg‐1). The exceptional electrochemical performance of HSE indicates rosy prospects for the prevention of parasitic reactions in AZMBs, a key step on the road to further commercialization of AZMBs.
Synergetic Strategy for Highly Efficient and Super Flexible Thick‐film Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Jianxiao , Han Chenyu , Han Jianhua , Bi Fuzhen , Sun Xiaokang , Wen Shuguang , Yang Chunpeng , Yang Chunming , Bao Xichang , Chu Junhao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEfficient organic solar cells (OSCs) equipped with thick‐film active layers and high flexibility are of great significance for industrial preparation and practical applications. Herein, a ternary strategy coupled with a functional additive is employed to obtain efficient thick‐film flexible OSCs. A novel polymer donor PBB1‐F with good planarity is synthesized as a third component to optimize photon capture and molecular stacking. Meanwhile, a high dielectric constant polyarene ether (PAE) functional additive with strong adhesion not only greatly improves exciton dissociation efficiency, but also acts as locking cage‐like for effective enhancement of the mechanical stability of active layer. As a result, the PM6:PBB1‐F:Y6‐BO‐4Cl and PM6:PBB1‐F:BTP‐eC9 based ternary OSCs with PAE exhibit an efficiency of 17.91% and 18.51% under rigid thin‐film state, and perform better under thick‐film state of rigid (16.40% and 16.84%) and flexible (14.78% and 14.95%). Under the protection of the polymers, tight entanglement and cage‐like PAE adhesion, the elongation at break of the active layer increases by more than fourfold (27.3%), and gives a super flexible thick‐film OSCs that maintains more than 90% performance after 1000 bending cycles with a diameter of 10 mm. Overall, this work provides a new feasible scheme to effectively solve thickness sensitivity and flexibility issues in the context organic photovoltaic applications.
Morphology‐controlled synthesis and structural features of ultrafine nanoparticles of Co3O4: An active electrode material for a supercapacitor
Authors: Shwetha Kollur Prabhakarrao , Manjunatha Channegowda , Sudha Kamath Mangalore Krishna , Vinaykumar  , Radhika Mallesara Ganesh Rao , Khosla Ajit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, the authors present a morphology‐controlled synthesis strategy for the preparation of Co3O4 nanoparticles. The importance of the fuel (ascorbic acid) to oxidiser (cobalt nitrate) ratio (F/O ratio) in obtaining evenly distributed nanoscale grain Co3O4 with pure crystalline phases using the solution combustion method is proposed. The structural features of all the as‐formed cobalt oxide nanoparticles were studied using the powder X‐ray diffraction technique, a field emission scanning electron microscope and Raman spectroscopic techniques. The electrochemical characteristics of all the as‐formed cobalt oxide nanoparticle‐embedded electrodes were examined by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge studies and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a 2 M KOH solution. The electrochemical data demonstrated that the Co3O4 nanoparticles showed good capacitive behaviour. The morphological changes in the Co3O4 nanoparticles affect the charge storage mechanism, and Co3O4 nanoparticles with an F/O ratio equal to 1 (COO2) showed the highest electrochemical property, with a specific capacitance of 166 F g−1 at a current density 0.5 A g−1. The COO2 electrode material showed capacitance retention of 90% after 5000 cycles.
MicroCT scanning and direct AMS dating of charred sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) fragments from Nombe rockshelter in the highlands of Papua New Guinea
Authors: BARRON ALEESE , MOUNTAIN MARY‐JANE , DENHAM TIM 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHere, we report on the results of microCT scanning and Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating of fragments of charred archaeological parenchyma collected from surface deposits at Nombe rockshelter in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. Five fragments are taxonomically identified as sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Two subsamples from the largest fragment yield a combined AMS date range of c. 300–148 calBP (with median probabilities of 187 and 195 calBP respectively). Although post‐dating European voyaging in the Indo‐Pacific, these findings contribute to the corpus of information regarding the antiquity of sweet potato on the island of New Guinea.
Age related increase in internal jugular vein size parallels temporal development of periventricular white matter hyperintensities
Authors: Alqabbani Abdullah , Maralani Pejman , Zaccagna Fulvio , Grist James T. , Kapadia Anish 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAge‐related white matter hyperintensities are associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. Venous insufficiency has recently been proposed as a potential mechanism for the development of periventricular white matter hyperintensities based on the neuroanatomic distribution. The current study assesses age related changes of the internal jugular veins and its association with white matter hyperintensities. A retrospective study was performed assessing patients with computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within a 4‐week window. The size of the internal jugular veins, straight sinus, vein of Galen and internal cerebral veins were measured on the CT angiography. A normalized neck venous ratio was developed. Burden of white matter hyperintensities were quantified on MRI using periventricular/deep Fazekas scores. Association was assessed using correlation analysis and multrivariate linear modeling, and differences between groups were assessed using t test, ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis test, using p < 0.05 for significance. One hundred eighty‐two patients were included with a mean age of 65.2 ± 16.8 (51.6% females). Age was correlated with the normalized neck venous ratio (rs = 0.25, p < 0.001), and, with both, the periventricular Fazekas (rs = 0.63, p < 0.001) and the deep Fazekas (rs = 0.57, p < 0.001) grades. The periventricular Fazekas score was positively correlated with the normalized neck venous ratio (rs = 0.21, p = 0.003), but not significant on multivariate analysis accounting for age. The internal jugular veins demonstrate age related increase in size, paralleling the progression of periventricular white matter hyperintensities. Age remains the strongest predictor of white matter hyperintensities. Further work is needed to evaluate any causal role of venous changes on white matter hyperintensities.
Iridium‐Doped 10H‐Phase Perovskite BaCo0.8Fe0.15Ir0.05O3–δ as an Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalyst
Authors: Liu Huimin , Luo Qinxin , Hu Jiaping , Wei Lianwei , Zhang Wanqun , Zheng Hui , Wu Shusheng , Tang Kaibin 
Published: July 2022

Comprehensive SummaryDesigning low‐cost and high‐performance catalysts of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has always been one of the hot topics in current research. Hexagonal perovskite materials show great application potential in this field. Here, we synthesized 5% Iridium (Ir)‐doped hexagonal phase perovskite BaCo0.8Fe0.15Ir0.05O3–δ (BCFI). Using the Rietveld method to refine the structure, combining with the spherical aberration corrected high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF‐STEM) atomic imaging, we found that BCFI is a ten‐layer hexagonal (10H) structure, which belongs to the Pm2 space group. In addition, BCFI shows excellent OER catalytic effect and good stability in 1 mol/L KOH solution, and the overpotential reaches 294 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm–2. The reduction of Cobalt (Co) valence state induced by Ir doping significantly enhances the OER activity of BCFI. Meanwhile, density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the 2p‐band center of oxygen (O) in BCFI is closer to the Fermi level than that in undoped BaCo0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ (BCF), which is beneficial to the OER. This work reveals a novel 10H‐BCFI material with excellent OER performance, and provides a basis for the design of hexagonal perovskite materials in OER and other energy conversion fields.
An Activatable Near‐Infrared Molecular Chemiluminescence Probe for Visualization of NQO1 Activity In Vivo†
Authors: Liu Jianyong , Chen Zhongxiang , Huo Hongqi , Chen Lanlan , Wu Ying , Zhang Xuan , Su Lichao , Li Qian , Song Jibin 
Published: July 2022

Comprehensive SummaryChemiluminescence (CL) is a promising tool for diagnostics and sensing due to its inherent excitation light‐free. However, most CL probes emit exclusively visible light with limited penetration depth, hindering their broad application for in vivo deep tissue imaging. This work reports an activated unimolecular CL probe (CL‐P) that emits light in the near‐infrared (NIR) region allowing a superior real‐time visualization and detection of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in vivo. The NQO1‐specific trimethyl‐locked quinone is a lock for masking the NQO1 trigger site, and it was conjugated on the NIR Schaap's dioxetane chemiluminophore, achieving not only a subtle signal‐to‐noise ratio even at a depth of 15 mm in the chicken breast tissues, but also sensitively detecting the positive expression of NQO1 in A549 cells. CL‐P has been successfully used for visualizing the aberrantly expressed NQO1 in subcutaneous xenograft A549 tumors. To our knowledge, this is the first work reporting the detection of NQO1 activity in the NIR region by unimolecular CL mode. Overall, the NQO1‐activated visualization platform provides a guideline to transform a unimolecular CL sensor into a licensed imaging agent for the in vivo detection of enzyme‐related diseases.
The Italian Consensus for the Classification and Reporting of Thyroid Cytology: Cytohistologic and molecular correlations on 37,371 nodules from a single institution
Authors: Torregrossa Liborio , Poma Anello Marcello , Macerola Elisabetta , Rago Teresa , Vignali Paola , Romani Rossana , Proietti Agnese , Di Stefano Iosè , Scuotri Giuditta , Ugolini Clara , Basolo Alessio , Antonelli Alessandro , Materazzi Gabriele , Santini Ferruccio , Basolo Fulvio 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe Italian Consensus for the Classification and Reporting of Thyroid Cytology (ICCRTC) includes six diagnostic categories (TIR 1/1C, TIR 2, TIR 3A, TIR 3B, TIR 4, and TIR 5), each indicating a different risk of malignancy. The objective of this monocentric retrospective study was to evaluate the distribution of the ICCRTC classes at the authors’ institution and assess their cytohistologic correlations.MethodsThe authors retrospectively collected 37,371 consecutive cytologic reports of thyroid nodules and described the clinical–pathologic features of the different cytologic categories. The cytologic diagnoses also were compared with histologic outcomes in a subset of patients.ResultsThe cytologic classes were distributed as follows: nondiagnostic, 15.6%; benign, 66.5%; low‐risk indeterminate, 10% (TIR 3A); high‐risk indeterminate, 3.5% (TIR 3B); suspicious, 1.7%; and malignant, 2.6%. According to histology, the risk of malignancy was very high in the nondiagnostic category (29.8%), with young male patients more exposed to malignancy, and it was relatively high among benign (7.8%) and indeterminate nodules (32.5% in TIR 3A; 52.1% in TIR 3B), mainly because of the high prevalence of follicular architecture in malignant tumors. On histology, the malignancy rates were 92.4% and 99.3% for the suspicious and malignant categories, respectively; aggressive variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma were mostly diagnosed in these categories.ConclusionsIn this series, nondiagnostic nodules showed high prevalence and, surprisingly, high malignancy rates. Malignant tumors with follicular architecture represented a diagnostic pitfall in benign and indeterminate nodules. The suspicious and malignant categories had high specificity for malignancy. Importantly, the ICCRTC had high reliability for identifying preoperatively aggressive histotypes of thyroid carcinoma.
Association genetics of early season cold and late season frost tolerance in Sorghum bicolor
Authors: Elango Dinakaran , Wang Xiaoyu , Bhatnagar Rohil Sahai , Tan Qixian , Gaffoor Iffa , Hu Zhenbin , Xue Weiya , Roth Gregory W. , Morris Geoffrey P. , Reddivari Lavanya , Chopra Surinder 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a multipurpose crop that is highly susceptible to low temperature stress. Early season cold (ESC) greatly affects seed germination, seedling vigor, and root architecture, whereas late‐season frost (LSF) reduces fertility, yield, and nutrition quality and content in sorghum. Here, an association mapping study was conducted to delineate the genetics of ESC and LSF tolerance in sorghum. A total of 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 17 quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified for ESC, and 40 SNPs were identified for LSF. The diversity panel exhibited extensive variation for plant traits measured for their association with ESC and LSF tolerance. Two QTL colocalized with the classical tannin genes Tan1 (S4_61580203) and Tan2 (S2_7777693) were identified for ESC tolerance. We also identified additional putative candidate genes such as Sobic.001G157100 (Nonphototropic hypocotyl 3, NPH3), Sobic.001G156600 (Lectin receptor‐like serine/threonine kinase), and Sobic.006G061100 (Sucrose nonfermenting 1 related protein kinase 1, SnRK1) for ESC tolerance and Sobic.006G139900 (UDP‐glucoronosyl and UDP‐glucosyl transferase), Sobic.002G187400 (Serine/threonine protein kinase), and Sobic.004G333700 (Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein phosphatase) for LSF tolerance. Tan1 and Tan2 play a major role in seed dormancy and induce resistance against soil‐borne pathogens under cold and wet soil conditions. Seed tannin content may be used as an indirect selection marker for identifying cold tolerant germplasm for breeding. NPH3 and SnRK1 regulate seed germinability under cold stress in various crops. Candidates identified in this study could be further exploited to develop low temperature tolerant cultivars as proxies in marker‐assisted breeding, genomic selection, and genetic engineering.
Glycolipid‐peptide conjugate vaccines elicit CD8+ T‐cell responses and prevent breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Burn Olivia K , Farrand Kathryn , Pritchard Tara , Draper Sarah , Tang Ching‐wen , Mooney Anna H , Schmidt Alfonso J , Yang Sung H , Williams Geoffrey M , Brimble Margaret A , Kandasamy Matheswaran , Marshall Andrew J , Clarke Kate , Painter Gavin F , Hermans Ian F , Weinkove Robert 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesMetastasis is the principal cause of breast cancer mortality. Vaccines targeting breast cancer antigens have yet to demonstrate clinical efficacy, and there remains an unmet need for safe and effective treatment to reduce the risk of metastasis, particularly for people with triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). Certain glycolipids can act as vaccine adjuvants by specifically stimulating natural killer T (NKT) cells to provide a universal form of T‐cell help.MethodsWe designed and made a series of conjugate vaccines comprising a prodrug of the NKT cell‐activating glycolipid α‐galactosylceramide covalently linked to tumor‐expressed peptides, and assessed these using E0771‐ and 4T1‐based breast cancer models in vivo. We employed peptides from the model antigen ovalbumin and from clinically relevant breast cancer antigens HER2 and NY‐ESO‐1.ResultsGlycolipid‐peptide conjugate vaccines that activate NKT cells led to antigen‐presenting cell activation, induced inflammatory cytokines, and, compared with peptide alone or admixed peptide and α‐galactosylceramide, specifically enhanced CD8+ T‐cell responses against tumor‐associated peptides. Primary tumor growth was delayed by vaccination in all tumor models. Using 4T1‐based cell lines expressing HER2 or NY‐ESO‐1, a single administration of the relevant conjugate vaccine prevented tumor colonisation of the lung following intravenous inoculation of tumor cells or spontaneous metastasis from breast, respectively.ConclusionGlycolipid‐peptide conjugate vaccines that activate NKT cells prevent lung metastasis in breast cancer models and warrant investigation as adjuvant therapies for high‐risk breast cancer.