bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome‐wide association for milk urea concentration in Dual‐Purpose Belgian Blue cows
Authors: Atashi Hadi , Chen Yansen , Wilmot Hélène , Vanderick Sylvie , Hubin Xavier , Gengler Nicolas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters and identify genomic regions associated with milk urea concentration (MU) in Dual‐Purpose Belgian Blue (DPBB) cows. The data were 29,693 test‐day records of milk yield (MY), fat yield (FY), protein yield (PY), fat percentage (FP), protein percentage (PP) and MU collected between 2014 and 2020 on 2498 first parity cows (16,935 test‐day records) and 1939 second‐parity cows (12,758 test‐day records) from 49 herds in the Walloon Region of Belgium. Data of 28,266 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), located on 29 Bos taurus autosomes (BTA), on 1699 animals (639 males and 1060 females) were used. Random regression test‐day models were used to estimate genetic parameters through the Bayesian Gibbs sampling method using a single chain of 100,000 iterations after a burn‐in period of 20,000. SNP solutions were estimated using a single‐step genomic best linear unbiased prediction approach. The proportion of genetic variance explained by windows of 25 consecutive SNPs (with an average size of ~2 Mb) was calculated, and regions accounting for at least 1.0% of the total additive genetic variance were used to search for candidate genes. The mean (SD) of MU was 22.89 (10.07) and 22.35 (10.07) mg/dl for first and second parity, respectively. The mean (SD) heritability estimates for daily MU were 0.18 (0.01) and 0.22 (0.02), for first and second parity, respectively. The mean (SD) genetic correlations between daily MU and MY, FY, PY, FP and PP were −0.05 (0.09), −0.07 (0.11), −0.03 (0.13), −0.05 (0.08) and −0.03 (0.11) for first parity, respectively. The corresponding values estimated for second parity were 0.02 (0.10), −0.02 (0.09), 0.02 (0.08), −0.08 (0.06) and −0.05 (0.05). The genome‐wide association analyses identified three genomic regions (BTA2, BTA3 and BTA13) associated with MU. The identified regions showed contrasting results between parities and among different stages within each parity. This suggests that different groups of candidate genes underlie the phenotypic expression of MU between parities and among different lactation stages within a parity. The results of this study can be used for future implementation and use of genomic evaluation to reduce MU in DPBB cows.
Recent expansion of the non‐recombining sex‐linked region on Silene latifolia sex chromosomes
Authors: Filatov Dmitry A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEvolution of a non‐recombining sex‐specific region on the Y (or W) chromosome (NRY) is a key step in sex chromosome evolution, but how recombination suppression evolves is not well understood. Studies in many different organisms indicated that NRY evolution often involves several expansion steps. Why such NRY expansions occur remains unclear, although it is though that they are likely driven by sexually antagonistic selection. This paper describes a recent NRY expansion due to shift of the pseudoautosomal boundary on the sex chromosomes of a dioecious plant Silene latifolia. The shift resulted in inclusion of at least 16 pseudoautosomal genes into the NRY. This region is pseudoautosomal in closely related Silene dioica and Silene diclinis, indicating that the NRY expansion occurred in S. latifolia after it speciated from the other species ~120 thousand years ago. As S. latifolia and S. dioica actively hybridise across Europe, interspecific gene flow could blur the PAR boundary in these species. The pseudoautosomal genes have significantly elevated genetic diversity (π ~ 3% at synonymous sites), which is consistent with balancing selection maintaining diversity in this region. The recent shift of the PAR boundary in S. latifolia offers an opportunity to study the process of on‐going NRY expansion.
Multicenter evaluation of a topical hyaluronic acid serum
Authors: Robinson Deanne Mraz , Vega Janelle , Palm Melanie D. , Bell Michaela , Widgerow Alan D. , Giannini Alessia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundA new hyaluronic acid (HA) formulation was developed based on high molecular weight (MW) compounds used on the surface of the skin while using peptides to stimulate the high MW HA production by fibroblasts and keratinocytes from within the skin layers. Detailed science has been submitted to this journal in a previous publication. This multicenter study aims to validate the science by demonstrating the safety and efficacy of the product in the clinical realm.ObjectivesThis study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a topical HA serum in facial skin.MethodsAn open‐label clinical study was undertaken over 4 months from November 2021 to March 2022. Participants applied the topical serum twice daily and were provided a gentle cleanser and an SPF 30+ to use in the morning. Follow‐up visits were conducted at weeks 2, 4, and 8. At every visit, participants were measured for hydration post 15 minutes of cleansing the skin and post 15 minutes of product application for cumulative skin hydration sensor measurements. Additional procedures included participant assessments and satisfaction, investigator assessments, biopsies, and photography.ResultsAt each follow‐up visit, there was an increase in hydration measurements compared to baseline, in both immediate scores and cumulative long‐term scores. At weeks 4 and 8, there was a statistically significant increase in hydration compared to baseline and the prior visit. Participants' assessments progressively increased over 2‐, 4‐, and 8‐week intervals with significantly favorable ratings in all measured parameters. Similarly, investigator assessment grades were statistically significant (p < 0.0001) for decreased fine lines/wrinkling, crepiness, texture, erythema, and dryness, and increased (p < 0.0001) for moisture/hydration. Histology revealed increased CD44 staining in 6 of the 7 participants biopsied, denoting increased HA stimulation. In all of the participant biopsies, H&E staining demonstrated improvement in solar elastosis. Photography revealed remarkable improvement in erythema, tone, and texture.ConclusionsThe study results demonstrated that the formulation produced significant improvements in immediate and long‐term hydration effects on the skin as measured by the skin hydration sensor, ‘wearifi’ technology, comparison of before and after biopsies, and participant and investigator assessments. This high MW HA formulation produced excellent clinical improvement in skin health and hydration.
Update of the Epidemiology of the Sporotrichosis Epidemic in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Munhoz Lívia Silveira , Poester Vanice Rodrigues , Severo Cecília Bittencourt , Trápaga Mariana Rodrigues , Madrid Isabel Martins , Benelli Jéssica Louise , Stevens David A. , Xavier Melissa Orzechowski 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundSporotrichosis is a disease not requiring jurisdictional notification and consequently is underreported in Brazil. Therefore, the epidemiological picture even in hyperendemic states is unknown. Thus, we evaluated the occurrence of sporotrichosis throughout the territory of the southern state of Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul (RS).MethodsWe update the epidemiological situation of sporotrichosis in the southern region of this state and describe the emergence of this disease in the Metropolitan region. We engaged professionals from RS enrolled in animal health care in answering a questionnaire regarding sporotrichosis.ResultsThe occurrence of local cases of feline sporotrichosis was reported by 83% of the participants from 40 cities, distributed through the seven health districts of RS. Human sporotrichosis cases, transmitted by cats, were also reported by professionals from four regions of the state. The frequency of the disease in both the South and Metropolitan regions showed a marked increase in recent years.ConclusionFeline and cat‐transmitted human sporotrichosis is an underreported mycosis in RS, widely distributed in the territory of this state and increasing. Aggressive public health policies are urgently necessary to control the geographical expansion of this spreading mycosis.
Barriers to obesity health care from GP and client perspectives in New Zealand general practice: A meta‐ethnography review
Authors: Norman Kimberley , Chepulis Lynne , Burrows Lisette , Lawrenson Ross 
Published: July 2022

SummaryObesity is a complex international health concern affecting individual quality of life and contributing to an unsustainable strain on national health systems. General practice is positioned as best suited to deliver weight management health care, yet, obesity rates remain high suggesting barriers are experienced within this space. The aim of this review is to synthesize general practitioner and client perspectives of weight management to identify barriers experienced in New Zealand general practice. Six databases were searched resulting in eight articles being included in this review. This interpretive synthesis was guided by principles of meta‐ethnography and grounded theory. Four overarching themes were identified from client and general practitioner perspectives: stigma, communication, inadequate health care (system limitations for general practitioners and lack of tailored advice for clients), and sociocultural influences. These four barriers were found to be interdependent, influencing each other outside the general practice context, highlighting the intersectionality of weight management health‐care barriers and further complicating effective weight management within general practice. Clients reported wanting tailored, non‐stigmatized, effective weight management health care, yet, general practitioners reported being ill‐equipped to provide this due to barriers both within and outside the limits of their practice. General practice requires more systemic support to deliver effective weight management including public health campaigns and indigenous health information to reduce health inequities. An appraisal of general practice being “best suited” to deliver effective weight management health care that is culturally appropriate is urgently required to improve obesity related health outcomes in New Zealand.
The role of self‐compassion in the psychological (mal)adjustment of older adults: A repeated‐measures study protocol
Authors: Tavares Lúcia Rafaela , Vagos Paula , Xavier Ana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeSelf‐compassion is associated with healthy ageing and may be a protection factor of older adults' mental health in face of negative life events and other factors such as insecure attachment. However, fear of self‐compassion may constitute an obstacle to promoting self‐compassion. The role of self‐compassion on the psychological (mal)adjustment of older adults requires further research with robust designs, and fear of self‐compassion has not been studied in this population. We will test the moderator and mediator role, respectively, of self‐compassion and fear of self‐compassion, and we will analyse the longitudinal developmental trajectories of these variables.MethodsA repeated‐measures design with three data collection moments across 6 months, using a sample (180–200 participants) of community residents aged ≥65 years. Data will be collected using traditional (i.e. pencil‐and‐paper questionnaires) and online (i.e. Google Forms) methods. Path analyses will be conducted to test moderation and mediation models. Latent growth curve analyses will be conducted to study the within‐person change and between‐person differences in change over time of self‐compassion and fear of self‐compassion.ConclusionsWe expect that participants with higher self‐compassion will show better psychological adjustment, regardless of attachment quality and negative life events. We expect that insecure attachment and more negative life events will increase the participants' fear of self‐compassion, which will decrease their psychological adjustment. Additionally, we expect that self‐compassion and fear of self‐compassion will show stable developmental trajectories during 6 months. Our results will contribute to better understand protection factors of older adults' mental health, which may guide future psychological interventions.
Globally aspired, locally constrained; how national education test regime in Turkey shapes middle‐class parenting
Authors: Çelik Çetin , Özdemir Tuğçe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article studies how middle‐class parents negotiate globally inspired and classed parenting dispositions with contextual circumstances for transferring their privileges to their children. By drawing on 3‐year longitudinal qualitative data from middle‐class parents in Istanbul, we show that, first, this class feels insecure in the face of changing its social position in the transformation of the state's political economy and ideological foundations. Second, consistent with patterns reported elsewhere, they generally follow a concerted cultivation style of childrearing – enrolling their children in various extracurricular activities, prompting them to discover or create specific talents, consciously developing their language use and forging their ability to interact with social institutions – to impose a competitive personality on their offspring. Third, however, the early tracking, which may stream their children to disadvantaged upper secondary schools through multiple choice and centralized standardized tests, limits their concerted cultivation process by necessitating test‐doing skills. We argue that the Turkish middle class aspires to cultivate their children culturally, but the national testing regime forces them to develop aggressive tactics such as strategically delaying the cultivation process and cutting children's friendships.
Agonists in the Extended Conformation Stabilize the Active State of β-Adrenoceptors
Authors: Efimov Alexander V. , Meshcheryakova Olga V. , Ryazanov Alexey G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the structure of agonists and antagonists of transmembrane (TM) β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs) and their interactions with the β-ARs and proposed the mechanism of receptor activation. A characteristic feature of agonist and antagonist molecules is the presence of a hydrophobic head (most often, one or two aromatic rings) and a tail with a positively charged amino group. All β-adrenergic agonists have two carbon atoms between the aromatic ring of the head and the nitrogen atom of the amino group. In antagonist molecules, this fragment can be either reduced or increased to four atoms due to the additional carbon and oxygen atoms. The agonist head, as a rule, has two H-bond donors or acceptors in the para- and meta-positions of the aromatic rings, while in the antagonist heads, these donors/acceptors are absent or located in other positions. Analysis of known three-dimensional structures of β-AR complexes with agonists showed that the agonist head forms two H-bonds with the TM5 helix, and the tail forms an ionic bond with the D3.32 residue of the TM3 helix and one or two H-bonds with the TM7 helix. The tail of the antagonist can form similar bonds, but the interaction between the head and the TM5 helix is much weaker. As a result of these interactions, the agonist molecule acquires an extended “strained string” conformation, in contrast to the antagonist molecule, which has a longer, bended, and flexible tail. The “strained string” of the agonist interacts with the TM6 helix (primarily with the W6.48 residue) and turns it, which leads to the opening of the G protein-binding site on the intracellular side of the receptor, while flexible and larger antagonist molecules do not have the same effect on the receptor.
The impact of a direct to beneficiary mobile communication program on reproductive and child health outcomes: a randomised controlled trial in India
Authors: LeFevre Amnesty Elizabeth , Shah Neha , Scott Kerry , Chamberlain Sara , Ummer Osama , Bashingwa Jean Juste Harrisson , Chakraborty Arpita , Godfrey Anna , Dutt Priyanka , Ved Rajani , Mohan Diwakar 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundDirect-to-beneficiary communication mobile programmes are among the few examples of digital health programmes to have scaled widely in low-resource settings. Yet, evidence on their impact at scale is limited. This study aims to assess whether exposure to mobile health information calls during pregnancy and postpartum improved infant feeding and family planning practices.MethodsWe conducted an individually randomised controlled trial in four districts of Madhya Pradesh, India. Study participants included Hindi speaking women 4–7 months pregnant (n=5095) with access to a mobile phone and their husbands (n=3842). Women were randomised to either an intervention group where they received up to 72 Kilkari messages or a control group where they received none. Intention-to-treat (ITT) and instrumental variable (IV) analyses are presented.ResultsAn average of 65% of the 2695 women randomised to receive Kilkari listened to ≥50% of the cumulative content of calls answered. Kilkari was not observed to have a significant impact on the primary outcome of exclusive breast feeding (ITT, relative risk (RR): 1.04, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.23, p=0.64; IV, RR: 1.10, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.81, p=0.71). Across study arms, Kilkari was associated with a 3.7% higher use of modern reversible contraceptives (RR: 1.12, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.21, p=0.007), and a 2.0% lower proportion of men or women sterilised since the birth of the child (RR: 0.85, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.97, p=0.016). Higher reversible method use was driven by increases in condom use and greatest among those women exposed to Kilkari with any male child (9.9% increase), in the poorest socioeconomic strata (15.8% increase), and in disadvantaged castes (12.0% increase). Immunisation at 10 weeks was higher among the children of Kilkari listeners (2.8% higher; RR: 1.03, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.06, p=0.048). Significant differences were not observed for other maternal, newborn and child health outcomes assessed.ConclusionStudy findings provide evidence to date on the effectiveness of the largest mobile health messaging programme in the world.Trial registration numberTrial registration clinicaltrials.gov; ID 90075552,NCT03576157.
Database quality assessment in research in paramedicine: a scoping review protocol
Authors: McDonald Neil , Kriellaars Dean , Doupe Malcolm , Giesbrecht Gordon , Pryce Rob T 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionThe paramedic practice environment presents unique challenges to data documentation and access, as well as linkage to other parts of the healthcare system. Variable or unknown data quality can influence the validity of research in paramedicine. A number of database quality assessment (DQA) frameworks have been developed and used to evaluate data quality in other areas of healthcare. The extent these or other DQA practices have been applied to paramedic research is not known. Accordingly, this scoping review aims to describe the range, extent and nature of DQA practices within research in paramedicine.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will follow established methods for the conduct (Johanna Briggs Institute; Arksey and O’Malley) and reporting (Preferred Reporting Items in Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews) of scoping reviews. In consultation with a professional librarian, a search strategy was developed representing the applicable population, concept and context. This strategy will be applied to MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine), Embase (Elsevier), Scopus (Elsevier) and CINAHL (EBSCO) to identify studies published from 2011 through 2021 that assess paramedic data quality as a stated goal. Studies will be included if they report quantitative results of DQA using data that relate primarily to the paramedic practice environment. Protocols, commentaries, case studies, interviews, simulations and experimental data-processing techniques will be excluded. No restrictions will be placed on language. Study selection will be performed by two reviewers, with a third available to resolve conflicts. Data will be extracted from included studies using a data-charting form piloted and iteratively revised based on studies known to be relevant. Results will be summarised in a chart of study characteristics, DQA-specific outcomes and key findings.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. Results will be submitted to relevant conferences and peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration10.17605/OSF.IO/Z287T.
Developing a method to capture parental experience in a neonatal surgical centre in the context of COVID-19: a qualitative study
Authors: Mernenko Rebecca Kate , Littlejohns Anna , Latchford Gary , Crouzen Emile , Moni-Nwinia Waaka , Lakshminarayanan Bhanumathi , Chauhan Hemma , Lawson Elizabeth , McConachie Douglas , McElwaine John G , Metcalfe Fiona , Sagoo Gurdeep Singh , McKechnie Liz , Sutcliffe Jonathan 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionImproved parental experience is related to improved mental and physical health outcomes for the infant. The COVID-19 pandemic abruptly impacted on healthcare delivery and services need information to shape how to manage the disruption and recovery.MethodsOur aim was to develop a systematic process to capture parents’ experience of their neonatal surgical healthcare journey during the pandemic. We identified relevant stakeholders and using semistructured interviews, we explored three key themes.(1) How to recruit and collect data from representative parents?(2) What questions should be asked?(3) How to disseminate results for service development?ResultsResponses indicated the need to involve ‘difficult to access groups’ (eg, first language not English, high social deprivation, low health literacy), defined the range of family and patient characteristics variables to be considered for representative responses (eg, antenatal diagnosis, disease complexity, number of siblings, single parent, parental health). The proposed questions were grouped into five main topics: information preadmission; in-patient experience; support during admission; the effect of COVID-19; discharge and posthospital experience. Recommendations for dissemination included local, regional and national fora as well as the need to feedback to participants about the changes made.Based on the analysis, we developed a semistructured interview which underwent cognitive testing, prepilot and pilot phase testing.DiscussionThis protocol is grounded in the views of relevant stakeholders to ensure it captures relevant information in a pragmatic but methodologically sound way. It will next be used to assess parental experience in a large neonatal surgical unit. We hope that the protocol could be adapted and used by other groups.
(Invited) Comprehensive Analysis of Electronic Properties of Carbon Nanotube Fibers
Authors: Okazaki Toshiya 
Published: July 2022

The electronic properties of various carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers that were produced by dry spinning from multi-walled CNT (MWCNT) forests, direct spinning from a CVD furnace and wet spinning of CNTs, are systematically investigated. The electrical conductivity of the fibers is significantly correlated with the effective CNT length [1], yarn density, and CNT alignment in the yarns. In contrast, the tensile strength depends more on the yarn density and the CNT alignment. The temperature dependence of the electronical properties of the CNT fibers are also investigated. Even though the constituent CNTs are very similar, the CNT fibers produced by the wet spinning of the acid treated CNT dispersion and the micelle CNT solution show different temperature dependences in the lower temperature region. The difference can be explained by the different conduction paths in the two wet-spinning fibers. Further, the iodide doping effect on the electronic property of the wet-spinning fiber produced by the acid treated dispersion is also discussed. This work was supported by a project (JPNP16010) commissioned by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO).
[1] T. Morimoto et al., ACS Nano, 8, 9897–9904 (2014).