bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Cropping Systems
Authors: Tanaka D.L. , Krupinsky J.M. , Liebig M.A. , Merrill S.D. , Ries R.E. , Hendrickson J.R. , Johnson H.A. , Hanson J.D. 
Published: July 2022

Research to integrate the vast array of information needed by producers to make decisions allowing them to remain sustainable in our ever‐changing agricultural environment is in its infancy. Present research has not provided crop production and soils information that is adequately comprehensive and holistic for producers to make critical decisions. We propose a dynamic cropping systems approach to help producers make those critical decisions they need to remain sustainable. Our definition of a dynamic cropping system is a long‐term strategy of annual crop sequencing that optimizes crop and soil use options and the attainment of production, economic, and resource conservation goals by using sound ecological management principles. Implicit to this strategy is the need for producers to possess information necessary to respond to continual change. Key factors associated with dynamic cropping systems are diversity, adaptability, reduced input cost, multiple enterprise systems, and awareness of environment and information. Development of a dynamic cropping systems research program involves creating a crop portfolio, crop sequence evaluation, and multidirectional flow of information among research, extension, and producers. Dynamic cropping systems approach relies on responsiveness and provides producers with management flexibility for developing their own long‐term sustainable crop, soil, and land use systems.The wise adapt themselves to circumstances, as water moulds itself to a pitcher.Chinese Proverb
Comments on “Variability in Corn Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer in Eastern Canada” by L.A. Kablan, V. Chabot, A. Mailloux, M.E. Bouchard, D, Fontaine, and T. Bruulsema, Agron. J. 109:2231–2242 (2017)
Authors: Parent Léon‐Étienne , Tremblay Gilles , Robert Louis , Faucher Yvan , Kablan Lucie A , Chabot Valérie , Mailloux Alexandre , Bruulsema Tom 
Published: July 2022

Core Ideas
The experimental design was inappropriate in relation to the objectives. Eleven factors were confounded.
Contrasting previous crops, methods of N application and N sources were assumed to be equivalent.
Results of two‐way ANOVAs were not reported to support models and mean comparisons.
Interpretation should consider non‐responsive trials and confounding factors.
Incomplete statistical and economic analyses led to higher economic N rate.
A fixed-bed column study of solid waste-based calcium silicate hydrate for the phosphate removal
Authors: Gizaw Alemu , Zewge Feleke , Chebude Yonas , Tesfaye Melakuu , Mekonnen Andualem 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) was synthesized from the solid waste residue (SWR) of the Alum Factory, and was used for phosphate abatement from an aqueous solution. Fixed-bed column adsorption experiments were conducted at different flow rates (5, 7.5, and 10 mL/min) and bed depths (6, 9, and 12 cm) at an initial pH and phosphate concentrations of 5 and 5.5 mg/L, respectively. The breakthrough curve analysis was developed and tabulated for the effects of the flow rate and bed depth. Fixed-bed adsorption models, namely the Thomas model, the Yoon–Nelson model, and Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) model were fitted to the experimental data. The R2 values observed for the Thomas model and the Yoon–Nelson model were 0.96 and 0.98, respectively, at the flow rate of 7.5 mL/min and bed depth of 9 cm with the breakthrough adsorption capacity of 5.67 mg/g. The synthesized CSH was also tested for its phosphate removal efficiency using local wastewater treatment plant effluent. About 1,658 mL of real wastewater was treated for 249 min before the standard threshold limit (1 mg/L) was reached. This study prevails that the synthesized CSH could be applied to remove phosphate from real wastewater under a continuous flow adsorption system.
The Subthalamic Nucleus: A Hub for Sensory Control via Short Three-
Lateral Loop Connections with the Brainstem?
Authors: Coizet Veronique , Al Tannir Racha , Pautrat Arnaud , Baufreton Jérôme , Overton Paul G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is classically subdivided into sensori-motor, associative and limbic regions, which is consistent with the involvement of this structure in not only motor control, but also in cognitive and emotional tasks. However, the function of the sensory inputs to the STN’s sensori-motor territory is comparatively less well explored, although sensory responses have been reported in this structure. There is still a paucity of information regarding the characteristics of that subdivision and its potential functional role in the basal ganglia processing and more widely in associated networks. In this perspective paper, we summarize the type of sensory stimuli that have been reported to activate the STN, and describe the complex sensory properties of the STN and its anatomical link to a sensory network involving the brainstem, characterized in our recent work. Analyzing the sensory input to the STN led us to suggest the existence of previously unreported three-lateral subcortical loops between the basal ganglia and the brainstem which do not involve the cortex. Anatomically, these loops closely link the STN, the substantia nigra pars reticulata and various structures from the brainstem such as the superior colliculus and the parabrachial nucleus. We also discuss the potential role of the STN in the control of sensory activity in the brainstem and its possible contribution to favoring sensory habituation or sensitization over brainstem structures to optimize the best selection of action at a given time.
Keberhasilan Sistem Agribisnis Jagung pada Korporasi Petani di Desa Marga Catur Kecamatan Kalianda Kabupaten Lampung Selatan
Authors: Abriani Dwika Mutiara , Lestari Dyah , Rosanti Novi 
Published: July 2022

<p><span lang="EN-US">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberhasilan sistem agribisnis jagung pada korporasi petani yang terdiri dari subsistem sarana produksi, usahatani, pengolahan, pemasaran, dan jasa layanan penunjang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei. Lokasi penelitian ditetapkan di Desa Marga Catur Kecamatan Kalianda Kabupaten Lampung Selatan dengan pertimbangan lokasi tersebut sedang menerapkan Program Pengembangan Korporasi Usahatani (PKU) dengan melakukan kegiatan budidaya jagung. Jumlah responden sebanyak 21 orang petani jagung yang dipilih dengan metode sensus, 3 orang pedagang pengumpul pipilan jagung yang dipilih dengan metode <em>snowball sampling</em>, dan 2 orang pengolah jagung yang dipilih dengan metode sensus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2020. Metode analisis</span><span lang="IN"> data</span><span lang="EN-US"> dilakukan dengan menggunakan indeks sistem agribisnis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa , indeks sistem agribisnis pada korporasi petani belum baik dengan total nilai sebesar 10,82 atau sebesar 56,73% dari nilai maksimal yaitu 19,07. Indeks sistem agribisnis jagung subsistem sarana produksi, usahatani, dan pengolahan dalam kategori baik. Namun, pada subsistem pemasaran dan jasa layanan penunjang belum baik</span></p>
Analisis Respon Penawaran Komoditas Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) di Indonesia
Authors: Saragih Citra , Anindita Ratya , Asmara Rosihan 
Published: July 2022

<p>Sektor pertanian mempunyai peranan yang cukup penting dalam kegiatan perekonomian di Indonesia, hal ini dapat dilihat dari kontribusi terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PBD) yang cukup besar yaitu sekitar 13,14% pada tahun 2017 atau sebagai urusan kedua setelah sektor industri pengolahan. Kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan hasil perkebunan di indonesia yang berperan terhadap peningkatan neraca perdagangan, menurunkan inflasi, mengurangi belanja pemerintah, dan meningkatkan real capital return. Namun permasalahan dalam mengembangkan kelapa sawit yaitu kesenjangan produksi antara potensi dan hasil yang dicapai oleh petani kelapa sawit masih cukup senjang. Kelapa sawit sebagai komoditas yang strategis memiliki potensi yang sangat besar untuk dikembangkan. Penilitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor- faktor yang mempengaruhi penawararan kelapa sawit di tingkat produktivitas dan di tingkat jumlah tanaman menghasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data time series dari tahun 1989-2017 denngan mengunakan model respon penawaran tanaman tahunan yang dikembangkan oleh Franch dan Matthews untuk mengetahui bahwa adanya respon penawaran kelapa sawit jangka pendek dan panjang, digunakan uji stasioner, uji kointegrasi dan <em>Vector Error Correction Model (VECM)</em>. Hasil dari penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa respon penawaran jangka pendek dan panjang di tingkat produktivitas dan jumlah tanaman menghasilkan terkointegrasi secara positif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa elastisitas respon penawaran jangka panjang dan pendek diketahui nilai elastisitas yang sama antara jangka panjang dan pendek yaitu kurang dari 1 (E&lt;1).<strong></strong></p>
Analisis Usahatani Tumpang Sari Hortikultura pada Fase Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Belum Menghasilkan (TBM) serta Dampaknya terhadap Kesuburan Tanah di Kecamatan Tandun, Rokan Hulu, Riau
Authors: Nasution Zulfi Primasani , Farrasati Rana , Sutarta Edy Sigit 
Published: July 2022

<p>Ketiadaan modal keuangan dan hilangnya pendapatan pekebun setelah di masa tanaman belum menghasilkan menjadi alasan utama penyebab tertundanya kegiatan peremajaan di perkebunan sawit rakyat. Kelompok Tani swadaya Sido Makmur yang berlokasi di Riau telah meremajakan kebun seluas 20 hektar dengan sistem tumbang serempak/total disertai dengan sistem tumpang sari tanaman sayuran. Meski sistem ini membutuhkan biaya yang cukup tinggi, ternyata berhasil diterapkan oleh Kelompok tani ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk 1) mengetahui alasan pekebun memilih melakukan peremajaan dengan sistem tumpang sari, 2) mengetahui manfaat finansial dari penerapan tumpang sari, dan 3) mengetahui dampak sistem tumpang sari terhadap status kesuburan tanah dan pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa sawit pada masa tanaman belum menghasilkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Kumain, Kecamatan Rokan Hulu pada Oktober 2019. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan usahatani tanaman sela dan analisis dampak budidaya tanaman sela terhadap kesuburan tanah di areal tanaman kelapa sawit TBM 1. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam (<em>indepth interview</em>) melibatkan 5 orang anggota kelompok tani. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi praktik pola tanam dalam setahun, biaya input produksi, harga jual, hasil produksi, dan pendapatan. Selain itu juga dilakukan pengambilan sampel tanah pada 5 titik pengamatan ditiap kebun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem tumpang sari tanaman sela pada kebun kelapa sawit rakyat di Tandun, Rokan Hulu, Riau secara ekonomi layak diusahakan. Hal ini dapat dinilai dari besaran nilai RCR yang lebih dari satu pada seluruh jenis tanaman sela yang diusahakan. Hal ini juga menjelaskan bahwa usahatani tumpang sari tanaman sela berupa tanaman holtikultura dapat menjadi alternatif pendapatan semasa tanaman kelapa sawit tanaman belum menghasilkan. Lebih lanjut, hasil analisis kadar hara tanah dan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman antara plot kontrol dan plot tumpang sari memiliki nilai yang cukup serupa. Sehingga dapat dikatakan sistem tumpang sari ini direkomendasikan karena tidak memberikan efek buruk terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman dan kesuburan tanah. </p>
Analisis Harga Pokok Produksi dan Pendapatan Usahatani Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) di Kabupaten Kerinci Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Latifa Dara , Sinta Irada 
Published: July 2022

<p>Cabai merupakan salah satu komoditas yang mudah beruba dan memberikan andil terhadap inflasi nasional sehingga pasokan ke pasar harus terjaga kontinuitasnya. Kabupaten Kerinci merupakan sentra produksi cabai merah di Provinsi Jambi yang merupakan salah satu penyumbang cabai merah nasional. Fluktuasi harga cabai dan biaya produksi usahatani cabai merah yang tinggi menjadi permasalahan yang harus di hadapi petani. Petani cabai merah mengeluarkan sejumlah biaya yang tidak dapat disesuaikan secara leluasa dengan perubahan harga jual cabai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis harga pokok produksi dan pendapatan yang diterima petani dari usahatani cabai merah di Kabupaten Kerinci. Analisis data menggunakan metode harga pokok produksi <em>Full Costing</em> dan analisis pendapatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan harga pokok produksi sebesar Rp 8.580,56 per kg, dimana harga ini lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan harga jual petani tahun 2017 yaitu Rp 20.400 per kg. Analisis pendapatan menunjukkan pendapatan usahatani cabai merah di Kabupaten Kerinci adalah Rp 96.454.711. Dalam penelitian ini penghitungan pendapatan dilakukan dalam satu musim penanaman cabai merah.</p>
Perbedaan Keuntungan dan Efisiensi Ekonomi Relatif Usahatani Ubi Kayu Berdasarkan Saluran Pemasaran di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah
Authors: Putri Septiyana Nur Fitriyani , Endaryanto Teguh , Murniati Ktut 
Published: July 2022

<p>Saluran pemasaran ubi kayu secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi tingkat keuntungan dan efisiensi ekonomi petani ubi kayu. Tingkat keuntungan dipengaruhi oleh harga jual ubi kayu di tingkat petani, <em>rafaksi</em> (potongan), dan biaya pemasaran ubi kayu. Pemilihan jenis saluran pemasaran menyebabkan perbedaan keuntungan usahatani ubi kayu, sehingga efisiensi ekonomi pun akan berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis saluran pemasaran, perbedaan keuntungan dan efisiensi ekonomi berdasarkan saluran pemasaran ubi kayu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Gunung Agung dan Desa Bandar Sakti, Kecamatan Terusan Nunyai, Kabupaten Lampung Tengah, pada bulan Januari-Maret 2021 dengan metode survei. Keuntungan dianalisis dengan nisbah R/C dan uji beda dua sampel pada aplikasi SPSS, serta untuk efisiensi ekonomi relatif dianalisis dengan Uji F dan Uji T, dimana hasil uji statistik dimasukkan dalam persamaan fungsi keuntungan UOP (<em>unit output price</em>). Hasil penelitian ini, yaitu (1) terdapat 3 saluran pemasaran yang dilalui oleh petani ubi kayu di Kecamatan Terusan Nunyai dengan dua pabrik yang berbeda lokasi, (2) terdapat perbedaan keuntungan usahatani ubi kayu di Kecamatan Terusan Nunyai, (3) terdapat perbedaan efisiensi ekonomi antara petani ubi kayu di Kecamatan Terusan Nunyai, yaitu petani ubi kayu dengan saluran pemasaran pendek lebih efisien.</p><p> </p>
Feasibility of Virtual Reality Exercises at Home for Post–COVID-19 Condition: Cohort Study
Authors: Groenveld Tjitske , Achttien Retze , Smits Merlijn , de Vries Marjan , van Heerde Ron , Staal Bart , van Goor Harry ,   COVID Rehab Group
Published: July 2022

Background
Between 30% to 76% of COVID-19 patients have persistent physical and mental symptoms, sometimes up to 9 months after acute COVID-19. Current rehabilitation is mostly focused on the physical symptoms, whereas experts have agreed on the need for a biopsychosocial approach. A novel approach such as virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation at home might benefit patients and therapists, especially considering the expected rush of patients with post–COVID-19 condition needing rehabilitation.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of self-administered VR exercises at home for post–COVID-19 condition.

Methods
This was a single-arm feasibility study in an outpatient care setting. Patients who needed physiotherapy because of post–COVID-19 condition were included as determined by the treating physiotherapist. Participants performed VR physical exercises at home for a period of 6 weeks and were allowed to perform VR mental exercise through applications available on the VR platform to reduce stress and anxiety and promote cognitive functioning. The main outcomes were related to feasibility (ie, duration and frequency of VR use), safety (ie, adverse events), patient satisfaction, and reasons to withdraw. Physical performance, daily activities, cognitive functioning, anxiety and depression, and the quality of life were measured before and after.

Results
In total, 48 patients were included; 1 (2%) patient did not start VR, and 7 (15%) patients withdrew, mostly due to dizziness. Almost 70% (33/47) of participants reported experiencing any adverse event during VR exercising. However, only 25% (9/36) recalled these events at the end of the intervention period. The majority (27/36, 75%) of the patients described VR as having a positive influence on their recovery, and the global satisfaction score was 67%. The average VR use was 30 minutes per session, 3-4 times a week for 3-6 weeks. The overall use of VR applications was almost equally distributed over the 3 sets of VR exercises (physical, relaxing, and cognitive). However, the use frequency of physical exercises seemed to decrease over time, whereas the use of cognitive and relaxation exercises remained stable. Physical performance and quality of life outcomes were significantly improved after 6 weeks.

Conclusions
VR physical exercises at home is feasible and safe with good acceptance in a significant percentage of patient with post–COVID-19 condition.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04505761; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04505761
CLIMATE CHANGE AND COVID-19 IN THE KRUGER TO CANYONS BIOSPHERE REGION, SOUTH AFRICA AND AMAZONAS, BRAZIL
Authors: Dos Santos Monika 
Published: July 2022

Climate change is predicted to exert further stress on already exploited ecologies and healthcare systems, added to this, the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) has signified a stimulus to revolutionize existing models of sustainable development in broad, and sustainable supply chains in the healthcare sector in particular. The Kruger to Canyons Biosphere Region in South Africa and the Amazonas state in Brazil serve as geographic case studies for this paper. The impact of economic globalization, natural catastrophes such as droughts, economic and geopolitical stresses, deforestation, economic and healthcare access inequalities in these two biomes converge with issues of climate change, and undercut coping mechanisms that are customarily used to oversee extreme events such as pandemics. The Covid-19 pandemic has deepened many of the economic and social difficulties which South Africa and Brazil are already facing. In comparison to Brazil, South Africa’s overall response to the pandemic can be regarded as a standout. By borrowing from best practices from prior public health responses to heath emergencies in South Africa, such as the tuberculosis and the HIV/AIDS crisis, South Africa has demonstrated its comparatively successful means of dealing with Covid-19.
CEO Narcissism and Properties of Analysts’ Forecasts
Authors: Marquez-Illescas Gilberto , Zhou Linying 
Published: July 2022

SYNOPSIS
Using a sample of S&P 500 companies, this study constructs a measure of CEO narcissism and examines whether and how it impacts the accuracy and dispersion of analysts’ forecasts. Empirical evidence suggests that firms with narcissistic CEOs have higher accuracy and lower dispersion of such forecasts. In investigating the mechanism through which CEO narcissism impacts these properties, we find that firms with narcissistic CEOs are more likely to issue management earnings guidance, albeit less accurate, which results in significant differences in accuracy and dispersion of analysts’ forecasts. This study concludes that through more management voluntary disclosure, CEO narcissism has a positive impact on the accuracy and a negative impact on the dispersion of financial analysts’ forecasts. Although several studies have explored the effect of CEO narcissism on corporate financial reporting, this is the first study to expand such inquiry into the sector of financial analysts.
JEL Classifications: G17; M12; M41.
The Philosophy and Economics of Measuring Discrimination and Inequality
Authors: Lippert-Rasmussen Kasper , Ramos Xavier , Van de gaer Dirk 
Published: July 2022

This is an interview by the Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics with Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen, Xavier Ramos, and Dirk Van de gaer, conducted as part of a roundtable on the philosophy and economics of discrimination and inequality. The interview covers the concepts of discrimination and inequality; the current state of the literature on measuring discrimination and inequality; the relevance of measuring discrimination and inequality for policymaking; and the future of measuring discrimination and inequality.
Is Covid-19 going to change our relationship with space? A paradigm from Greece
Authors: Komninou Eleni 
Published: July 2022

As Greece was in lockdown, the Greek cities resembled ghosts, and their cityscapes reminded us of dystopian movies. Empty streets and motorways, people afraid to go outside, and an uneasy cloud hanging above, encapsulating the minds of people living in these unprecedented times.
Space is inherently connected with infectious diseases. In this context, the pandemic crisis posed new challenges to how we perceive and interact with space, both indoors and out. So, the aim of this article is twofold: to discuss whether the relationship with space has changed due to Covid-19 and the confining measures and to contribute to the knowledge base on the field by reflecting on the Greek reality.
Greece has been hit by the virus similarly to other European countries: counter-urbanization, quiet urban environment, lifeless streets, etc. Covid-19 brought a disturbance to the everyday lives of people as well as a shift in urban balances. As a result, uber trends have emerged in how we use space, which have altered the interrelation of citizens with urban space.
All in all, what is common is the uncertainty of the future, while the level of change regarding how we use and perceive space is unknown yet.
Cuidados paliativos: avaliação do conhecimento e autoeficácia de enfermeiras na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Santos Caio Luiz Coelho Ferreira dos , Silva Loene dos Santos e , Duarte Amanda dos Santos , Souza Karina Maria Fernandes , Almeida Mariana Soares de , Silva Sabrina Souza , Dominguez Ramona Garcia Souza , Lima Claudia Feio da Maia 
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento e a percepção de autoeficácia de enfermeiras sobre Cuidados Paliativos (CP) nas Unidades de Saúde da Família (USFs) da zona urbana de um município da Bahia, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado entre julho e outubro de 2019, com 13 enfermeiras de USFs de um município da Bahia, utilizando o questionário “Bonn Palliative Care Knowledge Test”. Resultados: As enfermeiras apresentaram bom rendimento em questões sobre os princípios dos CP, porém pouco conhecimento em controle da dor, assistência à família, comunicação interpessoal, cuidados espirituais e identificação da fase final de vida. Na percepção de autoeficácia, as participantes se consideraram menos capazes de integrar os aspectos culturais da morte e do morrer nos cuidados de fim de vida. Conclusão: Foram identificadas lacunas de conhecimento que podem contribuir para iniciativas de educação continuada a profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), a fim de garantir a integralidade da assistência no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).