bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cochlear implantation in hemophilia B—a rare case report
Authors: Yadav Chetan , Sharma Diva , Suri Neeraj , Juvekar Meenesh 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Hemophilia B is an X-linked inherited disease, mainly caused by deficiency of factor IX. Severity of the disease is manifested by the factor IX deficiency in the blood.

Case presentation
This paper presents our experience in the cochlear implantation with hemophilia B in an 11-month child with profound sensorineural hearing loss. The patient had normal hematological parameters pre-operatively and surgery was uneventful. After 36 h of the surgery, the patient developed right periorbital ecchymosis, extending to the left eye with a soakage of bandage. With timely early intervention, the bleeding stopped and ecchymosis was resolved.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, cochlear implantation in hemophilia B has not been reported previously. Cochlear implantation can be safely done in hemophilia A and B with timely correction of deficient factors.
Assessment of the blood eosinophil count in different grades of nasal polyps
Authors: El-Anwar Mohammad Waheed , Mobasher Mohamed Adel , Hindawy Ehsan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Blood eosinophil count is significantly correlated with eosinophil infiltration in the nasal polyps; so, it could be a good marker for the nasal polyp eosinophilic inflammation.

Objective
Assessment of different peripheral eosinophil counts in different nasal polyps grading in allergic rhinitis patients.

Methods
A study was applied to 160 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Computed tomography (CT) was done preoperative then nasal polyps grading was assessed by nasal endoscopy. Peripheral eosinophil counts were checked in a blood sample for all patients. Then, a statistical analysis of the data was done.

Results
The study included 160 patients. Within 54 AR patients with no nasal polypi, eosinophil counts ranged between 0.001 × 103 μl and 0.907 × 103 μl with a mean of 0.2399 (SD = 0.2153). While within 106 patients with nasal polyps, eosinophil counts ranged between 0.05 × 103 μl and 14.7 × 103 μl with a mean of 1.6645 (SD = 3.06) with a significant difference (p = 0.0008, t = 3.418). The eosinophil counts were statistically significantly more in advanced grades of the nasal polyps (p < 0.0001, F = 9248).

Conclusion
Measuring peripheral eosinophil counts is simple, low cost, safe, and directly proportionate with different grades of nasal polyps. It can be used as a reliable marker to predict the severity of nasal polyps and consequently predict the prognosis of sinus disease and quality of life.
Outcomes Following GD2-Directed Postconsolidation Therapy for Neuroblastoma After Cessation of Random Assignment on ANBL0032: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Desai Ami V. , Gilman Andrew L. , Ozkaynak Mehmet Fevzi , Naranjo Arlene , London Wendy B. , Tenney Sheena C. , Diccianni Mitchell , Hank Jacquelyn A. , Parisi Marguerite T. , Shulkin Barry L. , Smith Malcolm , Moscow Jeffrey A. , Shimada Hiroyuki , Matthay Katherine K. , Cohn Susan L. , Maris John M. , Bagatell Rochelle , Sondel Paul M. , Park Julie R. , Yu Alice L. 
Published: July 2022

PURPOSEPostconsolidation immunotherapy including dinutuximab, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin-2 improved outcomes for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma enrolled on the randomized portion of Children's Oncology Group study ANBL0032. After random assignment ended, all patients were assigned to immunotherapy. Survival and toxicities were assessed.PATIENTS AND METHODSPatients with a pre-autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) response (excluding bone marrow) of partial response or better were eligible. Demographics, stage, tumor biology, pre-ASCT response, and adverse events were summarized using descriptive statistics. Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) from time of enrollment (up to day +200 from last ASCT) were evaluated.RESULTSFrom 2009 to 2015, 1,183 patients were treated. Five-year EFS and OS for the entire cohort were 61.1 ± 1.9% and 71.9 ± 1.7%, respectively. For patients ≥ 18 months old at diagnosis with International Neuroblastoma Staging System stage 4 disease (n = 662) 5-year EFS and OS were 57.0 ± 2.4% and 70.9 ± 2.2%, respectively. EFS was superior for patients with complete response/very good partial response pre-ASCT compared with those with PR (5-year EFS: 64.2 ± 2.2% v 55.4 ± 3.2%, P = .0133); however, OS was not significantly different. Allergic reactions, capillary leak, fever, and hypotension were more frequent during interleukin-2–containing cycles than granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor–containing cycles ( P < .0001). EFS was superior in patients with higher peak dinutuximab levels during cycle 1 ( P = .034) and those with a high affinity FCGR3A genotype ( P = .0418). Human antichimeric antibody status did not correlate with survival.CONCLUSIONAnalysis of a cohort assigned to immunotherapy after cessation of random assignment on ANBL0032 confirmed previously described survival and toxicity outcomes. EFS was highest among patients with end-induction complete response/very good partial response. Among patients with available data, higher dinutuximab levels and FCGR3A genotype were associated with superior EFS. These may be predictive biomarkers for dinutuximab therapy.
Interventional therapy of extracranial arteriovenous malformations of the head and neck—A systematic review
Authors: Lilje Daniel , Wiesmann Martin , Hasan Dimah , Riabikin Alexander , Ridwan Hani , Hölzle Frank , Nikoubashman Omid 
Published: July 2022

Objectives
The primary aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of the literature on interventional treatment for patients with extracranial AVM of the head and neck to identify a superior treatment. The secondary aim was to evaluate the methodological quality of associated articles published between 2000–2020.

Methods
The literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and scholar.google.com. Studies, meeting the acceptable reference standard underwent meta-analysis. All identified literature underwent methodological quality analysis.

Results
Of 1560 screened articles, 56 were included in the literature review. Appropriate diagnostic tests were reported in 98% of included articles. 13% of included articles did not specify the embolization agent. Outcome analysis varied throughout. 45% of the authors used radiographic imaging for follow-up. 77% specified the span of follow-up of their entire patient collective. Two articles met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. Curing rate of transarterial ethanol embolization for intraosseous AVM was 83% with a complication rate of 58%. Curing rate of ethanol combined with NBCA or Onyx in soft tissue AVM was 18% with a complication rate of 87%.

Conclusion
Our literature review revealed an absence of treatment or reporting standards for extracranial AVM of the head and neck. The meta-analysis is comprised of two articles and methodological quality is heterogeneous. We recommend implementing consistent reporting standards to facilitate comparability of studies and to provide robust data for the development of an evidence-based treatment strategy.

Advances in knowledge
Meta-analysis showed a favorable radiological outcome for intraosseous AVM when treated with intraarterial ethanol embolization. Our analysis demonstrated that the published data on extracranial AVMs of the head and neck is lacking in consistency and quality, prompting agreement for the need of standardized reporting on AVM treatments.
Knowledge of diabetes and associated factors in rural Eastern Cape, South Africa: A cross sectional study
Authors: Owolabi Eyitayo Omolara , Goon Daniel Ter , Ajayi Anthony Idowu , Adeniyi Oladele Vincent 
Published: July 2022

Background
Diabetes management is complex and requires several lifestyle modifications and engagement in self-management behaviours to prevent complications and to improve health outcomes. Adequate disease knowledge is required in order to engage in appropriate self-management behaviours. Yet, patients’ knowledge of diabetes and associated factors are scarcely investigated. Context-specific data on diabetes knowledge are crucial for designing appropriate interventions for improving knowledge and treatment outcomes. This study examined the level of diabetes knowledge and its associated factors among persons with diabetes in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study among 399 individuals attending diabetes care at six randomly selected primary healthcare facilities in Eastern Cape. Demographic data were obtained through questionnaire interviews while diabetes knowledge was assessed using the validated Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to assess the mean diabetes knowledge and its associated factors.

Results
Participants’ median age was 63 (IQR: 54–70) years, and the median diabetes duration was 6 (IQR: 3–13) years. From a total score of 20, participants’ knowledge of diabetes ranged from 0 to 17 with an average score of 7.5 (SD±2.2). After controlling for relevant covariates, being employed was positively associated with higher diabetes knowledge (p<0.001). However, health facility level was negatively associated with diabetes knowledge (p = 0.001). Participants receiving care at the community healthcare centres had a lower level of diabetes knowledge compared to those receiving care at the primary healthcare clinics.

Conclusion
There was a low level of knowledge on the various components of diabetes management among individuals with diabetes in this setting. Therefore, context-specific interventions to improve the knowledge of diabetes is required and should target unemployed individuals and the community health centres in the region.
Physical activity, sedentary behaviors and all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure: Findings from the NHANES 2007–2014
Authors: Kim Youngdeok , Canada Justin M. , Kenyon Jonathan , Billingsley Hayley , Arena Ross , Lavie Carl J. , Carbone Salvatore 
Published: July 2022

Background
Limited data are available examining the effects of both moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) on longevity among patients with heart failure (HF). This study examined the associations of MVPA and SB with all-cause mortality in HF patients using a nationally representative survey data.

Methods
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (2007–2014) were used. 711 adults with self-reported congestive HF, linked to 2015 mortality data were analyzed. Self-reported MVPA and SB minutes were used to create the three MVPA [No-MVPA, insufficient (I-MVPA; <150 min/wk), and sufficient (S-MVPA; ≥150 min/wk)] and two SB (<8 and ≥8 hrs/d) groups. Cox proportional hazard models were constructed to test the associations of MVPA and SB with all-cause mortality.

Results
119 deaths occurred over an average of 4.9 years of follow-up. Lower MVPA and higher SB were independently associated with poor survival (P < .001). Joint and stratified analyses showed that the protective effect of MVPA was most pronounced among patients with SB<8 hrs/d. There was no difference in the mortality risk by SB levels within I-MVPA and S-MVPA groups; however, in the No-MVPA group, those with SB≥8 hrs/d had a greater risk of mortality compared to those with <8 hrs/d (Hazard ratio = 1.60).

Conclusion
In this HF cohort, MVPA and SB were independently and jointly associated with all-cause mortality. The beneficial effect of MVPA is attenuated by excessive SB; however, engaging in some amount of MVPA may provide a protective effect and attenuates the detrimental effects associated with excessive SB.
Effect of exercise training after bariatric surgery: A 5-year follow-up study of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bellicha Alice , Ciangura Cecile , Roda Celina , Torcivia Adriana , Aron-Wisnewsky Judith , Poitou Christine , Oppert Jean-Michel 
Published: July 2022

Background and objectivesWe previously showed in a 6-month randomized controlled trial that resistance training and protein supplementation after bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, RYGB) improved muscle strength without significant effect on weight loss and body composition changes. We performed a 5-year follow-up study in these subjects with the aim 1) to assess the long-term effect of this exercise training intervention and 2) to analyze associations between habitual physical activity (PA) and weight regain at 5 years.MethodsFifty-four out of 76 initial participants (follow-up rate of 71%) completed the 5-year follow-up examination (controls, n = 17; protein supplementation, n = 22; protein supplementation and resistance training, n = 15). We measured body weight and composition (DXA), lower-limb strength (leg-press one-repetition maximum) and habitual PA (Actigraph accelerometers and self-report). Weight regain at 5 years was considered low when <10% of 12-month weight loss.ResultsMean (SD) time elapse since RYGB was 5.7 (0.9) y. At 5 years, weight loss was 32.8 (10.1) kg, with a mean weight regain of 5.4 (SD 5.9) kg compared with the 12-month assessment. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) assessed by accelerometry did not change significantly compared with pre-surgery values (+5.2 [SD 21.7] min/d, P = 0.059), and only 4 (8.2%) patients reported participation in resistance training. Muscle strength decreased over time (overall mean [SD]: -49.9 [53.5] kg, respectively, P<0.001), with no statistically significant difference between exercise training intervention groups. An interquartile increase in MVPA levels was positively associated with lower weight regain (OR [95% CI]: 3.27 [1.41;9.86]).ConclusionsEarly postoperative participation in a resistance training protocol after bariatric surgery was not associated with improved muscle strength after 5 years of follow-up; however, increasing physical activity of at least moderate intensity may promote weight maintenance after surgery. PA may therefore play an important role in the long-term management of patients with obesity after undergoing bariatric procedure.
Sensitivity of Geometric Parameters in the Sustainability Development of Continuous Welded Rail
Authors: Dybeł Katarzyna , Kampczyk Arkadiusz 
Published: July 2022

Continuous Welded Rails (CWR) are a key infrastructure element in the safety and efficiency of rail transportation. Their correct exploitation (operational) requires surveying and diagnostic monitoring based not only on the results of rail displacement measurements, but also on the geometric parameters of the track in the horizontal (H) and vertical (V) planes. Many researchers have proposed different approaches for surveying and diagnostic monitoring of CWR. However, they do not refer to the determination of railway track defectiveness (parametric defects, track defectiveness) respectively on straight and curvilinear segments. Research topics involving CWR constitute a continuous openness to research with particular application of synergy effects in the optimization of monitoring of CWR geometry shaped by exploitation processes. In this study, based on real measurement data of six geometric parameters (H: track gauge, gradient of track gauge, horizontal irregularities and V: cant, twist, vertical irregularities), the most sensitive parameters in sustainable development CWR are defined. The research answered that the most sensitive parameters in the sustainability development of CWR belong in the range of the plane H: gradient of track gauge and horizontal irregularities, and in the plane V: vertical irregularities. These escalate especially on curvilinear sections, requiring more significant maintenance capacity. Due to the growing importance of rail transportation as a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and mass transit mode, the research results provide a basis for life cycle management of CWR.
Effects of flooding on the Mediterranean Cymodocea nodosa population in relation to environmental degradation
Authors: Nadzari Masturah , Papathanasiou Vasillis , Tsioli Soultana , Küpper Frithjof C. , Orfanidis Sotiris 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Cymodocea nodosa is a common seagrass species of shallow and sheltered Mediterranean waters, where extreme flushing of plumes can occur during excessive rainfall. Cymodocea nodosa shoots were sampled from two habitats of Kavala Gulf, one nearly pristine (less stressed, Vrasidas) and another highly stressed (Nea Karvali), to study if flooding might negatively affect seagrass habitats. Photosynthetic performance of shoots from the pristine habitat acclimated better than shoots from highly stressed conditions simulating a flooding event. Indeed, a significant (p < 0.01) interaction between habitat and flooding on photochemical energy harvesting (ΔF/Fm′) values was found, with lower ΔF/F
m′ values in the pristine habitat under control conditions. Furthermore, based on relative electron transport rate (rETR) curves reconstructed from fluorescence-versus-irradiance data, shoots from the pristine habitat performed better after 18 days of treatment to flooding. On the other hand, shoots from highly stressed habitats grew faster than pristine ones, but their growth decreased similarly under flooding conditions. The implications for management and conservation priorities for this phenotypically plastic seagrass in the Mediterranean are discussed.
The power of Facebook friends: An investigation of young adolescents’ processing of social advertising on social networking sites
Authors: Holvoet Sanne , Hudders Liselot , Herrewijn Laura 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the underlying mechanisms of how young adolescents process social advertising (i. e., advertising on social networking sites which shows how many and which of the user’s friends have ‘liked’ the brand’s page). Particularly, two experiments examined the role of brand trust in adolescents’ attitude formation and how brand trust is predicted by theories of social proof and persuasion knowledge. In addition, the moderating role of brand familiarity and brand value is investigated. The first experiment (N = 142) showed that higher brand trust was induced for social advertising for unfamiliar but not for familiar brands through the principle of social proof. This means that friends’ likes may reduce uncertainty and increase trust in unfamiliar brands through social advertising, something which enhances brand attitudes. Persuasion knowledge could not explain the effects of social advertising. The second experiment (N = 72) showed that social advertisements are more effective for brands that are symbolic (versus non-symbolic). Managerial and policy implications regarding social advertising targeting adolescents are discussed.
Construction of local A-packets
Authors: Atobe Hiraku 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the present paper, we reformulate Mœglin’s explicit construction of local A-packets of
split odd special orthogonal groups and symplectic groups.
By this reformulation together with results of the previous paper with Mínguez,
we can compute the A-packets explicitly.
Also, we give a non-vanishing criterion of our parametrization,
and an algorithm to compute certain derivatives.
Finally, we prove a formula for the Aubert duals of irreducible representations of Arthur type.
On the complexity of monotone circuits for threshold symmetric Boolean functions
Authors: Sergeev Igor S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The complexity of implementation of a threshold symmetric n-place Boolean function with threshold k = O(1) via circuits over the basis {∨, ∧} is shown not to exceed 2 log2
k ⋅ n + o(n). Moreover, the complexity of a threshold-2 function is proved to be 2n + Θ(

$\begin{array}{}
\sqrt n
\end{array} $

), and the complexity of a threshold-3 function is shown to be 3n + O(log n), the corresponding lower bounds are put forward.
CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 variants influence the risk and outcome of COVID-19 infection among rheumatoid arthritis patients maintained on hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Salem Hareedy Mohammad , Rashad Sonya Mohamed , Hetta Helal F. , Hassanien Sara Mahmoud , Abdellatif Hebatallah , Hassanien Manal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been used as an off label for the management of coronavirus disease (Covid-19) infection with other drugs. However, different genetic variants can affect the metabolism of HCQ leading to inter-individual differences in its efficacy. In this study, we investigated the effects of variants in CYP2D6, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 on the risk of Covid-19 infection among patients receiving HCQ for controlling rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods
A total of 60 patients were genotyped for CYP2D6*2XN, CYP2D6*4, CYP3A4*1B and CYP3A5*2. They were receiving HCQ for the treatment of RA. The patients were evaluated clinically for fever and dry cough, radiologically via chest computed tomography (CT) and immunologically via anti-Covid-19 IgG and IgM titers.

Results
Variants in CYP2D6 significantly affected the grade of ground glass (CYP2D6*4 AA carriers showed the higher risk for grade 3) and the risk of positive anti-Covid-19 IgM (CYP2D6*2XN CC and CYP3A4*1B AA had the lowest risk), the duration of HCQ, the use of corticosteroids or gender did not affect the Covid-19 status significantly.

Conclusions
In general, the outcome of the studied patients receiving HCQ was good (no deaths, no intubation needed). CYP2D6 variants could affect the outcome of Covid-19 infection.
Angstverfassungen
Authors: Bung Jochen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The connection between fear, law and the state is a topic that is given particular attention in times of social insecurity. Some approximations are explored here under the notion of fear constitutions. We are equal in fear of one another, which is why fear can be understood as a condition of modern constitutions. However, the social contract does not lead to freedom from fear, but rather fear shifts; the legal subjects remain subjects of fear, in relation to one another, but in particular towards that multiple artificial person which the state comes to embody as it takes on a life of its own. The degree of fear varies with the degree of unpredictability and indeterminacy of executive action. State measures against terrorism or against the pandemic are often an unpredictable response to an unknown danger and are therefore at the same time both an expression of fear and its trigger. It would be helpful if there was a clear distinction between sensible and unreasonable, functional and dysfunctional forms of fear. Freud tried to provide criteria with his concept of neurotic fear, a concept that has been taken up in political and legal philosophy. However, the concept is obscure and cannot be used without normative specifications.