bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Salt Levels Reduced Dissimilarities in Root-Associated Microbiomes of Two Barley Genotypes
Authors: Kherfi-Nacer Asma , Yan Zhichun , Bouherama Amina , Schmitz Lucas , Amrane Saadia Ouled , Franken Carolien , Schneijderberg Martinus , Cheng Xu , Amrani Said , Geurts Rene , Bisseling Ton 
Published: March 2022

Plants harbor in and at their roots bacterial microbiomes that contribute to their health and fitness. The microbiome composition is controlled by the environment and plant genotype. Previously, it was shown that the plant genotype-dependent dissimilarity of root microbiome composition of different species becomes smaller under drought stress. However, it remains unknown whether this reduced plant genotype-dependent effect is a specific response to drought stress or a more generic response to abiotic stress. To test this, we studied the effect of salt stress on two distinct barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes: the reference cultivar Golden Promise and the Algerian landrace AB. As inoculum, we used soil from salinized and degraded farmland on which barley was cultivated. Controlled laboratory experiments showed that plants inoculated with this soil displayed growth stimulation under high salt stress (200 mM) in a plant genotype-independent manner, whereas the landrace AB also showed significant growth stimulation at low salt concentrations. Subsequent analysis of the root microbiomes revealed a reduced dissimilarity of the bacterial communities of the two barley genotypes in response to high salt, especially in the endophytic compartment. High salt level did not reduce α-diversity (richness) in the endophytic compartment of both plant genotypes but was associated with an increased number of shared strains that respond positively to high salt. Among these, Pseudomonas spp. were most abundant. These findings suggest that the plant genotype-dependent microbiome composition is altered generically by abiotic stress.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Intramedullary Fixation of Double-Barrel Vascularised Fibula Grafts With Subsequent Lengthening for Reconstruction of the Distal Femur in Patients With Osteosarcoma
Authors: Lenze Ulrich , O’Sullivan Mark , McCombe David , Coombs Christopher , Donnan Leo 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The use of vascularised fibula grafts is an accepted method for reconstructing the distal femur following resection of malignant childhood tumors. Limitations relate to the mismatch of the cross-sectional area of the transplanted fibula graft and the local bone, instability of the construct and union difficulties. We present midterm results of a unique staged technique—an immediate defect reconstruction using a double-barrel vascularised fibula graft set in in A-frame configuration and a subsequent intramedullary femoral lengthening.

Methods:
We retrospectively included 10 patients (mean age 10 y) with an osteosarcoma of the distal femur, who were treated according to the above-mentioned surgical technique. All patients were evaluated with regards to consolidation of the transplanted grafts, hypertrophy at the graft-host junctions, leg length discrepancies, lengthening indices, complications as well as functional outcome.

Results:
The mean defect size after tumor resection was 14.5 cm, the mean length of the harvested fibula graft 22 cm, resulting in a mean (acute) shortening of 4.7 cm (in 8 patients). Consolidation was achieved in all cases, 4 patients required supplementary bone grafting. Hypertrophy at the graft-host junctions was observed in 78% of the evaluable junctions. In total 11 intramedullary lengthening procedures in 9 patients had been performed at the last follow up. The mean Muskuloskeletal Society Rating Scale (MSTS) score of the evaluable 9 patients was 85% (57% to 100%) with good or excellent results in 7 patients.

Conclusions:
A-frame vascularised fibula reconstructions showed encouraging results with respect to defect reconstruction, length as well as function and should therefore be considered a valuable option for reconstruction of the distal femur after osteosarcoma resection. The surgical implementation is demanding though, which is emphasized by the considerable high number of complications requiring surgical intervention, even though most were not serious.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case series.
Functional Status and Discharge Location of Patients Post–Left Ventricular Assist Devices Surgery in the Acute Care Setting
Authors: Fick Ann , Tymkew Heidi , Deters Morgan , Martin Kelsey , Ratermann Jordan , Reilly Abigail , Lohbeck Brad , Liu Yuanjin 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:
Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are an alternative treatment for patients with heart failure. The purposes of this study were to describe patients immediately post-LVAD surgery, determine differences between functional outcome measures and discharge location, and the potential for initial Functional Status Score of the Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) to assist in discharge recommendations.

Methods:
A retrospective study (n = 100) was conducted with the following data obtained: general demographics, FSS-ICU, ICU Mobility Scale (IMS), maximal ambulation distance, and discharge location. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on discharge location (home vs facility).

Results:
The mean age was 52.8 years, with 64% male. A significant improvement in all functional outcomes was observed from evaluation to discharge. Patients discharged home (76%) exhibited significantly higher FSS-ICU and IMS scores and tolerated out-of-bed activity and ambulation earlier. A score of 14 or higher on the initial FSS-ICU was predictive for discharge to home recommendation.

Conclusion:
Patients post-LVAD implantation exhibited low levels of functional mobility initially, yet were able to tolerate early activity. Patients discharged home had higher functional scores during the initial evaluation. Using the results of the FSS-ICU may assist in discharge recommendations; further research is needed.
Criando Niños Con Cariño: Primary Care-Based Group Parenting Program Adaptation and Pilot
Authors: Schilling Samantha , Romero-Cely Daniela , Mebane Alexander , Perreira Krista M. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
This study culturally adapted and piloted a primary care-based group parenting program (Child-Adult Relationship Enhancement in Primary Care, PriCARE) for Spanish-speaking, Hispanic parents of 2- to 6-year-old children.

Methods:
The process was informed by the cultural adaptation literature, expert consultation, and focus group data from 18 previous PriCARE, eligible Cariño, and initial Cariño test participants. As adaptations were made, an implementation framework was applied to systematically record all changes. Finally, parents of children aged 2 to 6 years participated in the Cariño pilot study (n = 32). Enrollment and attendance data were used to examine feasibility, and the Therapy Attitude Inventory (TAI) was administered postintervention to measure acceptability.

Results:
Most adaptations were minor changes to make the adapted program, Criando Niños con Cariño, more appropriate, applicable, or acceptable. Some changes required reframing Cariño concepts (e.g., child-led play) or incorporating new concepts (e.g., respeto, armonía, and educación) to better align Cariño goals with parents' values. Among the 121 dyads invited to participate in the Cariño pilot study, 52 (43%) enrolled. Among the 52 enrolled, 32 (62%) attended at least 4 of the 6 sessions and reported high satisfaction on the TAI (mean 47/50, range 33–50).

Conclusion:

Cariño is the result of a rigorous adaption process and incorporates multiple changes to ensure the translation reflects the intended meaning and to reframe the program goals and concepts in a culturally congruent manner. Pilot data suggest Cariño is feasible and acceptable to parents.
Health Care Cost Analysis of PPI or P-CAB-First Treatment in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Miwa Hiroto , Shiotani Akiko , Takeda Masayoshi , Eda Masahiro , Kato Toshiaki , Yajima Toshitaka 
Published: March 2022

Goals:
The aim was to examine actual health care cost in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who were initiated on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB) as first-line therapy in Japanese real-world clinical settings.

Background:
To date, cost-utility evaluation of acid-suppressants treatment in Japan has only been conducted by model analysis.

Study:
A cost utilization analysis was performed using a Japanese nationwide hospital-based claim database by extracting patients with GERD initiated on either PPI or P-CAB (242,102 pairs) and esomeprazole (EPZ) or P-CAB (241,825 pairs). Health care costs were compared in each comparison cohort with propensity-score matched pairs. The switching rates of initial acid-suppressants were also examined.

Results:
Baseline characteristics were well-balanced after matching. The 3-year mean cumulative GERD-related and hospitalization costs per patient were ¥142,620 and ¥122,444 in PPI-first and P-CAB-first treatment groups, and ¥105,263 and ¥121,958 in EPZ-first and P-CAB-first treatment groups, respectively. Most hospitalization costs were non-GERD related in all the groups. The switching rates of PPI to P-CAB and P-CAB to PPI in 12 months were 7.5% and 20.2%, respectively.

Conclusions:
In this propensity-score matched analysis, health care cost was higher in patients with GERD initiated on PPI than in those initiated on P-CAB mainly owing to non-GERD-related hospitalization cost, whereas it was lower in those initiated on EPZ than in those initiated on P-CAB. When considering health care costs except hospitalization costs, PPI-first treatment was less expensive than P-CAB-first treatment. Low switching rate from PPI to P-CAB in the real-world practice may partially explain the discrepancy.
Medicare Durable Medical Equipment Competitive Bidding Program
Authors: Tarazi Wafa W. , Zuckerman Rachael B. , Orav Endel John , Sheingold Steven H. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented the Medicare durable medical equipment (DME) Competitive Bidding Program (CBP) in 2011. Since then, concerns have been raised regarding access to equipment and adverse health outcomes.

Objectives:
The aim was to evaluate whether the CBP was associated with changes in spending, utilization, and adverse health events (emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and falls).

Research Design:
A comparative interrupted time series over 8 years was used to compare Round1 and Round2 bidding to nonbidding areas. Medicare fee for services claims were aggregated at the quarterly Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) level from 2009 to 2016.

Results:
For the 3 evaluated DME (continuous positive airway pressure machines, oxygen supplies, and walkers), we found that implementation of the Medicare CBP was associated with reductions in per capita spending without changes in DME utilization or adverse health outcomes in CBP areas compared with nonbidding areas. For example, the slope change in the proportion of oxygen supplies purchasers in Round1 areas after implementation of Round1 was similar to the slope change in nonbidding areas (−0.0002; 95% CI: −0.0004, 0.0001; P=0.189). The difference in slope changes of emergency department visits and hospitalization in Round1 areas for oxygen supplies were (−0.0004; 95% CI: −0.0016, 0.0008; P=0.514) and (0.0002; 95% CI: −0.0010, 0.0014; P=0.757), respectively. Findings in Round2 areas after implementation of Round2 were similar to findings in Round1 areas.

Conclusions:
The Medicare DME CBP lowered Medicare expenditures while not reducing beneficiary access or increasing adverse outcomes.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Hospital Admissions of Emergency Department COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Longcoy Joshua , Patwari Rahul , Hasler Scott , Johnson Tricia , Avery Elizabeth , Stefanini Kristina , Suzuki Sumihiro , Ansell David , Lynch Elizabeth 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Several studies have found that among patients testing positive for COVID-19 within a health care system, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients are more likely than non-Hispanic White patients to be hospitalized. However, previous studies have looked at odds of being admitted using all positive tests in the system and not only those seeking care in the emergency department (ED).

Objective:
This study examined racial/ethnic differences in COVID-19 hospitalizations and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions among patients seeking care for COVID-19 in the ED.

Research Design:
Electronic health records (n=7549) were collected from COVID-19 confirmed patients that visited an ED of an urban health care system in the Chicago area between March 2020 and February 2021.

Results:
After adjusting for possible confounders, White patients had 2.2 times the odds of being admitted to the hospital and 1.5 times the odds of being admitted to the ICU than Black patients. There were no observed differences between White and Hispanic patients.

Conclusions:
White patients were more likely than Black patients to be hospitalized after presenting to the ED with COVID-19 and more likely to be admitted directly to the ICU. This finding may be due to racial/ethnic differences in severity of disease upon ED presentation, racial and ethnic differences in access to COVID-19 primary care and/or implicit bias impacting clinical decision-making.
Prescription Patterns of Adjuvant Pain Medications Following an Opioid Supply Restriction Law
Authors: Shen Yun , Hincapie-Castillo Juan M. , Vouri Scott M. , Dewar Marvin A. , Sumfest Jill M. , Goodin Amie J. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Florida House Bill 21 (HB21) was implemented in July 2018 to limit prescriptions of Schedule II opioids for acute pain patients, but it is unclear whether such restrictions have a collateral influence on the utilization of commonly prescribed adjuvant pain medications.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess whether this law was associated with a change in use patterns of gabapentinoids, benzodiazepines, and muscle relaxants.

Methods:
We obtained prescription claims for medications dispensed from January 1, 2015, to June 31, 2019, from a health plan serving a large Florida employer. Interrupted time series analyses were conducted to compare pre-HB21 and post-HB21 implementation changes in the mean monthly number of users and prescriptions for gabapentinoids, benzodiazepines, and muscle relaxants.

Results:
There was a 6% immediate increase (relative risk: 1.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 1.11) in the monthly proportion of gabapentinoid users, and an 11% immediate increase in the monthly proportion of gabapentinoids prescriptions (relative risk: 1.11; 95% confidence interval: 1.04, 1.18) per 1000 patients following law implementation. However, after the law, we observed a significant reduction in trend for the monthly proportion of muscle relaxants and benzodiazepine users.

Conclusions:
An increased number of patients and prescriptions were observed for gabapentinoids, while fewer patients received benzodiazepines and muscle relaxants after HB21. In previous studies, opioid prescription restriction laws are shown to reduce opioids, but this work suggests that these laws may also have unintended consequences for the use of adjunctive medications that were not intended to be affected.
Epiglottic Cyst With Slurred Speech Misdiagnosed as Acute Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Hou Xiaoyi , Huang Nanqu , Zhang Xin , Liu Xudong , Luo Yong 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
Epiglottic cysts are cysts that occur under the mucosa of the epiglottis. Patients with severe cysts may have difficulty in breathing. Slurred speech usually occurs in cerebrovascular diseases, especially with slurred speech as the starting symptom.

Case Report:
We describe the case of a patient with slurred speech as the first symptom. The patient was a 53-year-old man with slurred speech as the first symptom, and he was initially considered to have an acute cerebral infarction. However, the results of the cranial magnetic resonance imaging examination did not support the diagnosis. The possibility of neck tumor recurrence was considered based on past medical history. The findings of a computed tomography examination of the neck suggested an epiglottic cyst. The effect of anti-inflammatory and surgical treatment was significant, and speech returned to normal.

Conclusion:
This case emphasizes that neurologists need to be vigilant when dealing with patients with slurred speech, which may be one of the clinical manifestations of epiglottic cysts.
Ankle-foot orthosis adherence in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: A scoping review
Authors: Faux-Nightingale Alice , Kelemen Mihaela , Stewart Caroline 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are commonly supplied to children with cerebral palsy (CP) to support their gait. However, usage is reported to decrease through adolescence. Because AFOs can allow users to engage in daily activities and develop their independence, a wider understanding of nonadherence is essential to determining the most appropriate ways to support orthotic prescription for children with CP in the future. This scoping review will present the literature that investigates AFO adherence of children or adolescents with CP and identify potential avenues for future research and practice.
A literature search was carried out using the EBSCO and Web of Science databases to identify literature that investigates AFO adherence by children with CP through measurement of AFO usage and exploration of factors that may influence that usage. Papers that investigated AFO adherence in children/adolescents with CP, either through usage or factors that could affect usage, were included in this review. Data were synthesized using a charting form developed for this review. In total, three papers were included in this review. Two included assessments of AFO usage and all three included at least anecdotal references to factors that could influence that usage.
Variation in usage time was seen across participants in all studies, although the method used to record usage may influence reported usage values. Key factors that could affect usage were observed in four key categories: physical/AFO-related factors, personal factors, social factors, and situational appropriateness. Adherence is a complex subject, and both measurement of usage and factors that influence usage are key components needed to understand how children engage with their AFO. By better understanding the motivators and barriers to adherence, it is possible to better support the provision of AFOs in the future.
Understanding the adoption of digital workflows in orthotic & prosthetic practice from practitioner perspectives: a qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Ngan Calvin C. , Sivasambu Harry , Kelland Kerri , Ramdial Sandra , Andrysek Jan 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The implementation of digital technology (DT) in orthotics and prosthetics (O&P) has been slow despite recent research suggesting that the use of DT will continue to grow and become more prevalent within the industry. There is a need to further investigate DT in O&P practice and the current state of its use in the field.

Objective:
This study aimed to explore the views and experiences of practitioners using DT workflows in their O&P practice.

Methods:
In this qualitative descriptive study, 10 in-depth, semistructured interviews with O&P practitioners were conducted. A content analysis was performed to analyze the transcripts and identify key themes from the data.

Results:
The study examined the experiences of practitioners using or trying to use DT in their practices, and three key themes were identified on the implementation of digital practice: 1) technological advancement and scientific evidence; 2) marketplace, economic, and operational factors; and 3) industry mindset shift in embracing DT practice.

Conclusion:
A collaborative effort involving academia, healthcare institutions, vendors, and individual practitioners will be required to facilitate the widespread adoption of DT in O&P. More work is required to overcome challenges from the technical, logistical, and cultural aspects.
Patient engagement in cosmetic designing of prostheses: current practice and potential outcome benefits
Authors: Lee Szu-Ping , Mitchell Cailin , Repayo Kenneth , Tillitt Matthew , Weber Collin , Chien Lung-Chang , Doerger Chris 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Making a prosthesis for an individual with limb loss is a highly personalized process. A currently unexplored area is whether there are tangible benefits in greater patient engagement during the cosmetic designing of their prostheses. We examined the current clinical practice of engaging patients in prosthetic cosmetic designing and identified factors associated with patient outcomes.

Methods:
One hundred and four prosthetists and 28 prosthesis users were surveyed in this cross-sectional study. The questionnaires covered aspects of prosthetic prescription and fabrication, users' perceived level of engagement, and self-reported outcomes. Regression analyses were used to examine the associations between patients' perceived levels of engagement during the design process, satisfaction, and other outcomes.

Results:
Seventy-five percent of the prosthesis users reported being offered at least one cosmetic option during the making of their prostheses, which corroborated with 82.7% of the prosthetists reporting that they typically engage their patients in this aspect of their practices. Patients who were offered at least one cosmetic design option reported significantly greater satisfaction (P = 0.027) than those who were not offered such an option. Patients' level of satisfaction regarding the look of their prostheses was significantly correlated with their perception that their prostheses empower them in daily activities (r = 0.415, P = 0.028).

Conclusion:
Engaging patients in the cosmetic designing of their prostheses is a widely accepted practice. Patients who are more satisfied with the look of their prostheses perceived higher levels of empowerment. Prosthetic practitioners should consider the potential outcome benefits of higher level engagement for users of prosthetic devices.
Comamonas fluminis sp. nov., isolated from the Han River, Republic of Korea
Authors: Park Eun-Hee , Kim Yong-Seok , Cha Chang-Jun 
Published: March 2022

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and motile bacterial strain, designated CJ34T, was isolated from Han River water in the Republic of Korea. Strain CJ34T grew optimally on tryptic soy agar at 30 °C and pH 7.0 in the absence of NaCl. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain CJ34T belonged to the genus

Comamonas

within the family

Comamonadaceae

and was most closely related to

Comamonas testosteroni

ATCC 11996T and

Comamonas thiooxydans

DSM 17888T (both 98.63 % similarity). The average nucleotide identity values between strain CJ34T and two closely related type strains

C. testosteroni

ATCC 11996T and

C. thiooxydans

DSM 17888T were 82.77 and 82.73 %, respectively. The major isoprenoid quinone of strain CJ34T was ubiquinone Q-8. The major cellular fatty acids of strain CJ34T were C16 : 0, C16 : 1
ω6c and/or C16 : 1
ω7c and C18 : 1
ω6c and/or C18 : 1
ω7c. The predominant polar lipids of strain CJ34T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified aminophospholipid. Whole genome sequencing revealed that strain CJ34T had a genome of 4.9 Mbp and the G+C content of the genomic DNA was 59.73 mol%. On the basis of the results of this polyphasic taxonomy study, strain CJ34T represents a novel species in the genus

Comamonas

, for which the name Comamonas fluminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CJ34T (=KACC 22237T=JCM 34454T).