bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innen vor Außen? Eine Schätzung der Innenentwicklung in nordrhein-westfälischen Gemeinden, 1979 bis 2011
Authors: Eichhorn Sebastian , Siedentop Stefan 
Published: July 2022

Strengthening inner urban development is a guiding principle of Germany’s sustainability policy and the key to achieving the 30-hectare target. To date, however, it is hardly possible to determine retrospectively the share of building construction activity realized as inner and outer urban development. On the one hand, there is the genuine fuzziness of the inner urban area (Innenbereich) as a spatial construct, and on the other hand, there is the lack of available small-scale data on building construction activity. Against this background, this paper presents for the first time a methodological approach to determine and evaluate the relevance of inner urban development for large areas and over longer periods of time for Germany. The method is applied for the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the housing construction activity from 1979 to 2011. The result shows a positive trend, indicating that cities and municipalities have succeeded in realizing more housing as inner urban development over time. At the same time, significant differences between urban and rural areas are apparent. A central conclusion is therefore to support smaller municipalities in their efforts for more inner urban development.
A balanced tri-band BPF with high selectivity based on ASSLR
Authors: Chen Lei , Wang Min , Zhang Tian Tian , Peng Jia Yi , Wei Feng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a balanced second-order tri-band bandpass filter (BPF) with high selectivity is proposed. Three differential-mode (DM) passbands are formed by applying one pair of asymmetric short stub-loaded resonators (ASSLRs) and uniform impedance resonators (UIRs) into the design. Meanwhile, the frequencies and bandwidths of the DM passbands can be quasi-independently controlled by the lengths of resonators and the gaps between them. In addition, broadband common-mode (CM) suppression is achieved intrinsically without affecting the DM parts based on the U-type balanced stepped-impedance microstrip-slotline transition (BSIMST) structures, thereby simplifying the design procedure significantly. In order to validate the practicability, a balanced tri-band BPF operating at 1.8, 3.5 and 4.45 GHz is fabricated and designed. A good agreement between the simulated and measured results is observed.
Factors determining the flow erosion/part deformation of film insert molded thermoplastic products
Authors: Lee Demei , Lin Yu-Kai , Hsu Siang-Chen , Tang Ya-Ling , Liu Shih-Jung 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Flow erosion and part deformation are unsolved molding problems that restrict the overall success of film insert molding. This work investigated, both experimentally and numerically, the factors that affect flow erosion and part deformation in film inset molded products. Three plate-with-thickness-variation geometries, namely flat, thin-to-thick, and thick-to thin, were molded for the products. Polystyrene films and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resins were employed in the experiments. It was found that the thin-to-thick specimens exhibited the most severe flow erosion. Increasing the injection pressure or melt temperature worsened flow erosion. Meanwhile, for the processing parameters adopted in the experiments, part deformation generally increased with melt temperature and hold time, while it decreased with injection pressure and hold pressure. Additionally, a numerical software (Moldex® 3-D) was employed to simulate the temperature and shear stress distributions in molded products. The calculated results suggested that part deformation in insert molded products results mainly from the non-uniform temperature profile during the cooling stage, owing to the product configuration and the insert film, while flow erosion is induced by the high shear stress of the polymer melt in the filling stage.
Effect of lyocell fiber cross-sectional shape on structure and properties of lyocell/PLA composites
Authors: Shen Yang , Yang Gesheng , Edgar Kevin J. , Zhang Huihui , Shao Huili 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Three kinds of lyocell fibers with different cross-sectional profiles including circular, Y-shape, and H-shape (abbreviated as O-, Y-, and H-lyocell) and similar mechanical properties were used to reinforce polylactic acid (PLA) by melt compounding and injection molding. The influence of lyocell cross-section shape on the interfacial shearing force, interface morphology, and mechanical properties of lyocell/PLA composites was investigated. Single fiber pull-out tests showed that the interfacial shearing force between lyocell fibers and PLA matrix was in the order of H-lyocell > Y-lyocell > O-lyocell, which was correlated with the fiber non-roundness factor. The higher the non-roundness factor of lyocell fibers, the better were the mechanical properties of lyocell/PLA composites. The tensile strength, impact strength, and initial dynamic storage modulus of different lyocell/PLA composites were in the order of H-lyocell/PLA > Y-lyocell/PLA > O-lyocell/PLA, which was attributed to higher interfacial contact area and stronger interfacial adhesion of profiled lyocell/PLA composites. Therefore, profiled lyocell fibers may be more promising for use in bio-composite reinforcement than conventional circular lyocell fibers.
International Comparison of Manifestations and Tendencies of Latent Juvenile Delinquency in Lithuania
Authors: Sakalauskas Gintautas 
Published: July 2022

Juvenile delinquency is a universal phenomenon inherent in the process of biological and social maturation characterized by high latency. Although juvenile delinquent behaviour, due to its spontaneity and recklessness, is easily noticeable and not difficult to investigate, it is often not officially recorded because it is primarily addressed through means of informal social control. Various studies show that children from disadvantaged backgrounds are much more likely to fall into a network of formal social control. Thus, the registered juvenile delinquency not only makes up a very small part of the total juvenile delinquency but its structure and socio-demographic indicators of the accused are also distorted by the selectivity and stigmatization of social control. However, when analysing juvenile delinquency in Lithuania, it is still common to present only the number of registered cases, to analyse them, draw certain conclusions based on them alone, and even develop preventative juvenile delinquency programs. This situation is partly due to the Soviet tradition, which still significantly impacts the general approach to criminal behaviour, in which the latency of criminal behaviour was considered not as a natural and inevitable but a negative and to be destroyed phenomenon. On the other hand, there are few studies of latent juvenile delinquency in Lithuania. They are carried out irregularly according to different methodologies and do not always cover the full complexity of juvenile delinquency. In the article manifestations of latent juvenile delinquency, its’ structure and tendencies in Lithuania are analyzed, Lithuanian indicators are also compared with the indicators of other European countries. Despite some differences in the structure of juvenile delinquency between countries, it can be argued that delinquent behavior is common among juveniles living in all countries, and is usually mild and episodic. According to the analyzed indicators, Lithuania stands out with one essential difference – frequent bullying among secondary school students in all age groups.
Complying with Sharia While Exempting from Value-Added Tax: Murābaḥah in Indonesian Islamic Banks
Authors: Hidayah Nur , Muslim Moch. Bukhori , Azis Abdul 
Published: July 2022

Law number 42/2009 on Value Added Tax and some subsequent amendments have exempted Islamic banks from the value-added tax on their murābaḥah transactions. This provision raises the sharia issue because the goods are delivered directly from the supplier to the customer. At the same time, the DSN-MUI Fatwa regarding the murābaḥah contract sets that banks must first buy and own the goods from the suppliers before selling them back to the customers. With this tax provision, murābaḥah transactions have shifted from trade systems to service ones because banks directly transfer funds to customers to purchase goods. Such tax policy has dealt with the so-called double taxation issue of Islamic banks but sacrificed the compliance of sharia principles. This paper seeks to solve this dilemma by proposing a revision of tax regulations for murābaḥah transactions using philosophical, juridical, and sociological legal approaches. The delivery of goods from suppliers to banks and from banks to customers is included in non-taxable goods transactions for Islamic banks. With this proposal, Islamic banks are expected to be exempted from value-added tax while complying with sharia principles and competing with conventional banks. AbstrakUU No. 42/2009 tentang Pajak Pertambahan Nilai dan beberapa amandemen berikutnya telah membebaskan bank syariah dari pajak pertambahan nilai (PPN) pada transaksi murabahah. Namun ketentuan ini dianggap menimbulkan isu syariah karena barang diserahkan langsung dari pemasok ke nasabah, sedangkan Fatwa DSN-MUI tentang akad murabahah mengatur bahwa bank harus membeli dan memiliki barang terlebih dahulu dari pemasok sebelum menjualnya kembali kepada nasabah. Dengan ketentuan pajak ini, transaksi murabahah telah bergeser dari sistem jual beli menjadi sistem jasa karena bank dianggap tidak melakukan pembelian barang melainkan mentransfer dana pembelian barang kepada nasabah. Ketentuan pajak ini telah meringankan beban pajak pertambahan nilai bank syariah namun mengorbankan pemenuhan prinsip syariah. Kajian ini berupaya mencari solusi dilema ini dengan usulan revisi regulasi perpajakan untuk transaksi murabahah dengan pendekatan analisa legal filosofis, normatif, dan sosiologis. Penyerahan barang dari pemasok kepada bank dan dari bank kepada nasabah dimasukkan dalam transaksi barang tidak kena pajak. Dengan usulan ini diharapkan bank syariah tetap terhindar dari pajak ganda, namun tetap memenuhi prinsip syariah serta berdaya saing dengan bank konvensional.
Trade Book Reviews
Authors: Sucio (Editor) Terri , Caprino Katie , Dubroc Anita M. , Smith Ann Marie 
Published: July 2022

Are you looking for graphic novels to include in your classroom practice? YA scholars review:

When Stars are Scatterd by Victoria Jamieson and Omar Mohamed
Banned Book Club by Kim Hyun Sook, Ko Hyun-Ju, and Ryan Estrada
Seek You: A Journey Through American Loneliness by Kristen Radtke
Reseña de Permanencia, intercambios y chamanismo entre los embera del Chocó, Colombia
Authors: Marulanda García David 
Published: July 2022

Permanencia, intercambios y chamanismo entre los embera del Chocó de Mauricio Pardo se propone entender la permanencia de los indígenas embera en el Chocó colombiano tras casi cuatro siglos de contacto. Esta permanencia, según muestra el autor, no puede explicarse de forma exclusiva por los hechos económicos o las particularidades de la selva húmeda chocoana.
En este libro no se contempla a una sociedad detenida en el tiempo o carente de conflictos y contradicciones. Todo lo contrario. Expone con detalle las transformaciones de los embera, así como las distintas reacciones del grupo a esas intervenciones. En el centro de su argumento están los flexibles intercambios que se han adaptado a las nuevas circunstancias de ese contacto (intercambios materiales, simbólicos, económicos, monetarios, rituales, entre distintos “mundos” y entre humanos y no humanos). El acercamiento a estos intercambios, de los que el chamanismo y el mercado son fuerzas importantes, hace que el libro logre profundizar en las complejidades de esa permanencia.
Estimación de la edad dental adulta: validación del método Ubelaker & Parra en una muestra contemporánea de la región de Cusco, Perú
Authors: Quispe Yupayccana Christian Sebastian 
Published: July 2022

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la exactitud del método Ubelaker y Parra desarrollada en el año 2008, el cual es empleado como estimador de edad en una muestra de población adulta contemporánea extraída de la provincia de Cusco, departamento de Cusco - Perú. Para tal fin se aplicóla ecuación de regresión lineal generada por este estudio, con una muestra de 43 piezas dentales extraídas de esqueletos con un rango de edad entre30 a 73 años, conformada por 25 individuos masculinos y 4 femeninos. La aplicación de este método implicó la medición de tres características dentalesque permitió obtener la edad dental estimada. Una vez conocida la edad cronológica al tiempo de muerte de la muestra de este estudio, se evaluóla exactitud de este método sobre los márgenes de error descubiertos. Los errores medios de estimación de este método, que fueron obtenidosen la presente investigación, no muestran diferencias significativas en individuos que están en un rango de edad de 30 a 49 años, ahora bien, en edades superiores a estas, en particular en individuos más ancianos, la variación es muy notable y las diferencias sí alcanzan a ser significativas.
El error absoluto total descubierto en este estudio fue de 11.18 años, por lo que la exactitud de este método aplicado sobre una población especifica esconfiable.
Entre lo urbano y lo rural. El caso de un barrio indígena wayuu de la Baja Guajira
Authors: Ángel Rodríguez Dary Marcela 
Published: July 2022

Cuando se plantea la relación entre lo rural y lo urbano se podría pensar en principio en un ejercicio analítico de corte comparativo que pone en evidencia características definitorias y clasificatorias de los espacios, de las formas de habitar, de los modos de producción y de los complejosideológicos de los grupos humanos que moran en uno u otro espacio. Este documento presenta una propuesta de análisis de esta tensión entre lo urbano y lo rural desde la antropología de la experiencia y la antropología urbana para el caso de un asentamiento indígena en el municipio de Barrancas, en la Baja Guajira, Colombia. La perspectiva de análisis multimodal desde la semiótica social guía el proceso metodológico privilegiadopara analizar prácticas y discursos alrededor del espacio que dan cuenta de una “difuminación” de las fronteras entre lo que se ha caracterizadocomo urbano y rural. Por ello, reflexionar sobre los modos de habitar como complejos procesos de la vida en comunidad tanto desde puntos de vistatanto funcionales como simbólicos, permite plantear que la dinámica constante entre los espacios puede ser concebida desde una base relacionalentre sociedades.
Review on milk production performance, challenges, and opportunities of dairy cows production in oromia regional state, Ethiopia
Authors: Melkamu Mesfin Zewde , Wazir Shafi Mustefa 
Published: July 2022

This review was conducted to review the information on milk production performance, challenges, and opportunities of dairy cattle production in Oromia. Supported management practices, marketing situations, feed sources, and feeding systems the foremost milk production systems are identified as rural milk production, peri-urban, and concrete milk production. Ethiopia holds large potential for dairy development mainly thanks to an acceptable environment and large cattle number that contains 65.35 million cattle populations. While there is a large milk cow population and favorable climatic conditions, self-sufficiency in milk production is low. The mean values of daily milk yield (DMY) range from 1 to2.8 liter/day with lactation length (LL) of 6.78 to 9.13 months for indigenous breeds, 6.5 to fifteen liters/day with lactation length of 7.52 to 11.67 months for crossbreed cows respectively. Both DMY and LL were significantly stricken by breed, parity, and year of calving. Challenges for dairying vary from one location to a distinct one. The foremost challenge that affects milk production performance of cattle in Oromia includes feed shortage, high feed cost, land shortage for farming of improved forage, insufficient veterinary services, no operational breeding strategy and policy, and low productivity of the indigenous cattle breeds are the foremost important factor limiting dairy products within the region. Therefore, to enhance these milk production performances of the dairy cow to determine genetic improvement policy, strategy, and breeding program and implement well management practices.
Nursing students experience during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative research
Authors: Farfán-Zúñiga Ximena , Jaman-Mewes Paula , Zimmermann-Vildoso Melissa , Campos-Lobos Claudia 
Published: July 2022

Objective. To describe the professional practice experiences of fifth year nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods. Qualitative research design with content analysis. Participant sampling was purposive. 13 fifth-year nursing students participated. All of them completed their professional clinical practice in public hospitals and private clinics who cared for COVID-19 patients in Chile. The data were obtained through guided online written self-reflections.
Results. Three main themes were inductively identified: (1) Facing with a very difficult and stressful situation, due to the permanent use of personal protection elements, multiple emotions, and physical fatigue, as well as facing ethical-clinical dilemmas in daily tasks; (2) Recognising different coping styles in difficult moments, highlighting contact with significant people and combination form of support and harmful ways of coping with stress; and (3) Experiences disciplinary learning and personal growth, such as: nursing care management, interpersonal skills in times of crisis and having contributed to the country in this adverse context.
Conclusion. The clinical experience of the students in times of COVID-19, was an opportunity to learn how to perform nursing care in times of crisis, humanize care and support health teams in some of the country's hospitals.
Social Determination of the Health of Families from Two Neighborhoods in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Gaviria Noreña Dora Lucía , Álvarez Del Río Rusbert Fernando , Zapata Gómez Nora Eugenia , González Giraldo Maribel 
Published: July 2022

Objective. To understand the health process, from the approach of the social determination of health in two neighborhoods in Medellín - Colombia, to contribute to the care of people, families, and collectives in their multidimensional reality.
Methods. Qualitative research from the ethnographic perspective, approaching the general dimension with documentary analysis of social policies and community documents, the particular dimension through focal groups and interviews to community leaders, and the singular dimension with the family visit.
Results. Families and collectives live within a sociocultural setting of resistance, overshadowed by moments of flight and displacement derived from violence, with scant participation in city plans and programs and with structural problems of economic and political exclusion. They constructed the territory as space and shelter in the weave that protects and violates them, with processes from uprooting to rooting. The families have maintained protective processes, like family participation in decision making, knowledge on health care, among others, and destructive processes, like informal labor and job instability, without spaces for recreation and with limitations in transportation, in access to health programs and in obtaining food.
Conclusion. The health of the families has been determined by historical exclusion to work to obtain resources for a minimum vital subsistence, which is why they suffer social vulnerability due to few opportunities for development; they have lived a transformation process of the territory with resistance, solidarity, and construction of social networks.
Lived Experience of Iranian Women and Men’s Adjustment to Divorce: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Bastani Soheila , Gholamzadeh Jofreh Maryam , Sodani Mansour 
Published: July 2022

Aim: The present study was conducted to investigate the life experience of divorced men and women in coping with divorce.
Methods: This qualitative study was performed using phenomenological methodology. The research was conducted using purposive sampling of divorced individuals in Shiraz during 1398-99. Finally, after conducting 22 semi-structured interviews, data saturation was reached. The interviews were analyzed using the phenomenological methodology.
Results: In this study, 3 main themes and 12 sub-themes were obtained, which are: 1- Family is an effective source in achieving adaptation, 2- Individual resilience, and 3- Social resilience. The theme of family as a source includes 2 sub-themes: Emotional support, material support (acceptance, sympathy, housing, etc.), individual resilience theme including 5 sub-themes of mourning, connection to spirituality, accepting divorce, moving towards excellence, controlling emotions (thanksgiving, accepting current living conditions, planning for the future, growing positive emotions, etc.). The theme of social inclusion includes 2 sub-themes of personal growth, earning income and financial independence ­(strengthening individual skills, earning income and economic stability, etc.).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the need for comprehensive attention to the issues of divorced men and women after separation and to take effective measures to empower them to achieve adaptation to the conditions after separation.
Espacio y espacialidad en el español santandereano: propuesta de división regional dialectal
Authors: Mary Rincón Luz 
Published: July 2022

La presente investigación busca integrar la teoría social en el análisis de espacialidad del español de la región Andina del subdialecto santandereano (departamento de Santander, Colombia). La aplicación de una metodología probabilística permitió identificar los centros jerárquicos lingüísticos, dado el impactodel tamaño de población y de la distancia geográfica y social entre estas localidades y las comunidades dentro de su rango de influencia. Un análisis cualitativo pudo establecer el efecto de la fricción física de la distancia en el desarrollo de percepciones y valoresasociados con el entorno social un espacio eminentemente rural caracterizado por redes sociales fuertes–. La distancia lingüística y otros factores de resistencia como la idiosincrasia regional refuerzan un tipo de conservadurismo lingüístico que promueve una mayor distinción entre las variedades regionales. La integración de la dimensión espacial a través de la geolingüística lleva al estudio a adelantar la propuesta de divisiónregional de esta variedad.
Незалежний від транспорту криптографічний протокол загального призначення
Authors: Лесогорський К. , Жаріков Е. 
Published: July 2022

У статті розглядається проблема транспортно-незалежного криптографічного протоколу. Автори проаналізували вимоги до криптографічного протоколу загального призначення. Проведено аналіз існуючих протоколів, з метоювиявлення їх недоліків. Запропоновано схему протоколу та архітектуру реалізації, які засновані на ідеях ідеальної прямої секретності, мінімізації накладних витрат та забезпечення зворотної сумісності.
Бібл. 9, іл. 5.