bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the resource of elements of transportation machins operated in mining energy enterprises
Authors: Umirzokov A M , Abdullo M A , Jobirov F I , Saidullozoda S S , Tashripov A B 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn mining energy enterprises located at altitudes over 1000 meters above sea level, transport machines are operated in harsh road-climatic conditions, contributing to accelerated wear of equipment and machinery elements. The purpose of the study is related to the assessment and adjustment of the resource of the elements of transport machines operated in mining energy enterprises. The work is devoted to the assessment of the intensity of wear of the elements of machines involved in the transportation of rocks, taking into account the influence of the most significant factors. To assess the resource of elements of transport machines operated in mining energy enterprises, a complex scientific approach was used, taking into account the influence of various combinations of significant factors. The practical significance of the work is associated with planning the need for elements of transport machines operated in mining energy enterprises. The research results, including the simplified mathematical model presented in the article, can be recommended for assessing and adjusting the resource of the elements of transport machines operated in mining energy enterprises.
Reducing environmental hazards in the elimination of oil spills through the use of sorption materials based on polyurethane foams containing waste from agricultural and polymer industries
Authors: Ianov V V , Zenitova L A , Ivanova M A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The work is devoted to the development of a sorption material based on elastic polyurethane foam (PUF) containing waste from agricultural and polymer industries. The fillers were fruit shells of buckwheat grains, rice, acacia sawdust, fruit shells, rice straw, walnut shells and ground corn cobs, hardwood sawdust, polymeric waste of expanded polystyrene foam. Oil from the Romashkinskoye field (Tatarstan) was used as a pollutant. The optimal mass ratio of the components of the material A of the PPU component: B of the PPU component: filler = 1: 0.6: 0.16-0.72 (depending on the type of filler) has been determined. The best absorbing capacity of ∼ 13 g / g is possessed by a material based on polyurethane foam and rice straw. Sorption material for cleaning aquatic ecosystems has a high absorbing capacity not only for petroleum products (diesel fuel, industrial oil), but also for products of inorganic origin (vacuum oil). The sorption material is selective and has a higher absorption capacity with respect to oil than to water, the coefficient of selectivity of absorption is 0.4 for an exposure time of 120 min. The possibility of utilization of waste sorption material by the method of thermochemical degradation using a destructive agent based on PPU component A was investigated. The resulting destructate is a homogeneous liquid, easily combined with BND 60/90 bitumen with the formation of a homogeneous polymer-bitumen binder.
Considering different methods of thermal utilization of municipal solid waste
Authors: Petropavlovskaya V K , Shishkov A N , Zamaraev S A , Goncharova A V , Zolnikov DA 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article discusses the methods of thermal utilization of municipal solid waste. The environmental burden on landfill disposal sites is reduced by waste incineration. At the same time, the production of heat energy occurs with moderately lower environmental impact. The work of an integrated district heating station was considered in the article. The influence of this installation on the environment and the features of the operation of the integrated district boiler house are considered. The study demonstrates the advantages of utilizing municipal waste at an integrated district heating plant over the method of waste incineration in a regular incineration plant.
Increase in environmental safety of recovery boiler
Authors: Kovalev D A , Rusinov L A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To improve environmental safety of a recovery boiler (RB) it is suggested to use a monitoring and diagnostic system that allows detecting faults of the normal process mode at early stages and preventing their development in emergency situations. The RB diagnostic model structure was developed and faults and possible abnormal situations in RB were analyzed qualitatively with the use of HAZOP methodology.
Natural gas content of the “Five-meter” coal seam of the Neryungrinskoye field
Authors: Nikolaevich Grib Nikolay , Yurievich Kuznetsov Pavel , Vladislavovna Grib Galina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article examines, analyzes and consolidates the results of research (direct and indirect research methods) of the gas content of the “Five-meter” seam of the Neryungrinsky coal deposit, which is slated for underground mining. The article also presents the criteria that determine the representativeness of the tested samples by the direct method, which allow the introduction of indirect methods for studying the gas content of the “Pyatimetrovy” formation of the Neryungri field without losing the reliability of the results. As a result of the analysis of the factual material and the geological situation at the field, as well as taking into account the data on the current state of open pit mining at the field, the following were identified: the main factors influencing the degree and nature of the gas content of the Pyatimetrovy layer of the Neryungrinskoye field; composition of gases, the inflow of which is expected to enter the mine atmosphere during mining operations to extract coal from the “Five-meter” seam by the underground method. The main results of the research presented in the article are: the identification of two main gas zones of the “Five-meter” formation with the construction of a gas zoning diagram along the depth of the formation; determination of the presence of gas traps at the field with low production rate of free gas, which are determined by the presence of permafrost in the field; establishing the influence of open pit mining at the deposit on the activation of the natural degassing process of the coal seam and its host rocks at the present stage. The quantitative indicators of the methane content of the coal seam in the field have been established, it has been noted that natural gases in the host rocks are identical to those in the reservoir.
Evaluation of solid particle erosion and electrochemical corrosion of plasma-sprayed WC/8YSZ coating on SS316
Authors: Maharajan S , Thomas Rex F Michael , Ravindran D , Rajakarunakaran S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Plasma spray coating enhances the corrosion and wear resistance of the stainless steel structures installed in marine applications. Hence, it is imperative to study the effectiveness of various coating combinations on the material’s performance. The present work investigates the effects of three different plasma-sprayed coatings on the wear and corrosive resistance of austenitic stainless steel (SS316). The three compositions of the coating were prepared using (i) Tungsten carbide (WC), (ii) 8 wt%. Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (8YSZ), and (iii) 50 wt%. Tungsten carbide (WC) with 50 wt%. Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (8YSZ). Experiments were conducted as per ASTM G76 to determine the erosive wear with a mixture of high-velocity air and Al2O3 abrasive particles. The corrosive medium used in the electrochemical polarisation tests was 3.5 wt%. NaCl. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the surface morphology of the eroded and corroded coatings. Energy Dispersive x-ray Analysis (EDAX) and X Ray Diffractrometry (XRD) analysis were carried out to reveal the phase composition, elemental distribution, and lattice parameters of uncoated and coated samples. The study reveals that the composite coating (WC + 8YSZ) have superior wear resistance when exposed to a high-velocity erodent. Due to the robust particle adhesion and cohesiveness of the (WC + 8YSZ) composite coating, crack initiation and propagation are rarely found on the surface of the composite coating, as evidenced by the surface wear morphology analysis. Further investigation reveals that the 8YSZ coating has excellent corrosion resistance. The SEM-based corrosive wear topography analysis reveals that the 8YSZ phase on the coated surface acts as a diffusion barrier to the electrolytic medium and a passive protective layer over the coating. Consequently, the micro-chipping of particles during exposure to the corrosive medium is prevented.
A universal Cannon-Thurston map and the surviving curve complex
Authors: Gültepe Funda , Leininger Christopher , Pho-on Witsarut 
Published: February 2022

Using the Birman exact sequence for pure mapping class groups, we construct a universal Cannon-Thurston map onto the boundary of a curve complex for a surface with punctures we call surviving curve complex. Along the way we prove hyperbolicity of this complex and identify its boundary as a space of laminations. As a corollary we obtain a universal Cannon-Thurston map to the boundary of the ordinary curve complex, extending earlier work of the second author with Mj and Schleimer [Comment. Math. Helv. 86 (2011), pp. 769–816].
Validation of and Demographically Adjusted Normative Data for the Learning Ratio Derived from the RAVLT in Robustly Intact Older Adults
Authors: Hammers Dustin B , Spencer Robert J , Apostolova Liana G ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
The learning ratio (LR) is a novel learning slope score that was developed to identify learning more accurately by considering the proportion of information learned after the first trial of a multi-trial learning task. Specifically, LR is the number of items learned after trial one divided by the number of items yet to be learned. Although research on LR has been promising, convergent validation, clinical characterization, and demographic norming of this LR metric are warranted to understand its clinical utility when derived from the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT).

Method
Data from 674 robustly cognitively intact older participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (aged 54– 89) were used to calculate the LR metric. Comparison of LR’s relationship with standard memory measures was undertaken relative to other traditional learning slope metrics. In addition, retest reliability at 6, 12, and 24 months was examined, and demographically adjusted normative comparisons were developed.

Results
Lower LR scores were associated with poorer performances on memory measures, and LR scores outperformed traditional learning slope calculations across all analyses. Retest reliability exceeded acceptability thresholds across time, and demographically adjusted normative equations suggested better performance for cognitively intact participants than those with mild cognitive impairment.

Conclusions
These results suggest that this LR score possesses sound retest reliability and can better reflect learning capacity than traditional learning slope calculations. With the added development and validation of regression-based normative comparisons, these findings support the use of the RAVLT LR as a clinical tool to inform clinical decision-making and treatment.
Can morphometrics help us predict the diet of land planarians?
Authors: Boll Piter Kehoma , Leal-Zanchet Ana Maria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe use of morphometrics for taxonomy and to predict the diet of organisms based on related species has been applied to several groups. In this study, for the first time, we used morphometric data of land planarians to find patterns that could differentiate genera and feeding habits. We examined body shape, pharynx shape, mouth position and the thickness of the cutaneous musculature in 135 species of land planarians. Mouth position was explained, in part, by the position of the dorsal insertion of the pharynx, and transverse circularity by the relative thickness of the cutaneous musculature. The character that best separated genera and diet was the thickness of the cutaneous musculature. A principal components analysis recovered some patterns previously revealed by molecular phylogenetics, with some closely related genera appearing close to each other in the biplot. The same analysis also showed two clearly distinct groups, one of species that feed on woodlice and the other of species that feed on soft-bodied prey. We conclude that morphometrics can help to narrow down the potential prey of geoplaninid land planarians and aid taxonomic studies.
Multi-scale Fisher’s independence test for multivariate dependence
Authors: Gorsky S , Ma L 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Identifying dependency in multivariate data is a common inference task that arises in numerous applications. However, existing nonparametric independence tests typically require computation that scales at least quadratically with the sample size, making it difficult to apply them in the presence of massive sample sizes. Moreover, resampling is usually necessary to evaluate the statistical significance of the resulting test statistics at finite sample sizes, further worsening the computational burden. We introduce a scalable, resampling-free approach to testing the independence between two random vectors by breaking down the task into simple univariate tests of independence on a collection of $2\times 2$ contingency tables constructed through sequential coarse-to-fine discretization of the sample , transforming the inference task into a multiple testing problem that can be completed with almost linear complexity with respect to the sample size. To address increasing dimensionality, we introduce a coarse-to-fine sequential adaptive procedure that exploits the spatial features of dependency structures. We derive a finite-sample theory that guarantees the inferential validity of our adaptive procedure at any given sample size. We show that our approach can achieve strong control of the level of the testing procedure at any sample size without resampling or asymptotic approximation and establish its large-sample consistency. We demonstrate through an extensive simulation study its substantial computational advantage in comparison to existing approaches while achieving robust statistical power under various dependency scenarios, and illustrate how its divide-and-conquer nature can be exploited to not just test independence, but to learn the nature of the underlying dependency. Finally, we demonstrate the use of our method through analysing a dataset from a flow cytometry experiment.
Reactive astrocytes promote proteostasis in Huntington’s disease through the JAK2-STAT3 pathway
Authors: Abjean Laurene , Ben Haim Lucile , Riquelme-Perez Miriam , Gipchtein Pauline , Derbois Céline , Palomares Marie-Ange , Petit Fanny , Hérard Anne-Sophie , Gaillard Marie-Claude , Guillermier Martine , Gaudin-Guérif Mylène , Aurégan Gwennaëlle , Sagar Nisrine , Héry Cameron , Dufour Noëlle , Robil Noémie , Kabani Mehdi , Melki Ronald , De la Grange Pierre , Bemelmans Alexis P , Bonvento Gilles , Deleuze Jean-François , Hantraye Philippe , Flament Julien , Bonnet Eric , Brohard Solène , Olaso Robert , Brouillet Emmanuel , Carrillo-de Sauvage Maria-Angeles , Escartin Carole 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Huntington’s disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by striatal neurodegeneration, aggregation of mutant Huntingtin and the presence of reactive astrocytes.
Astrocytes are important partners for neurons and engage in a specific reactive response in Huntington’s disease that involves morphological, molecular and functional changes. How reactive astrocytes contribute to Huntington’s disease is still an open question, especially because their reactive state is poorly reproduced in experimental mouse models.
Here, we show that the JAK2-STAT3 pathway, a central cascade controlling astrocyte reactive response, is activated in the putamen of Huntington’s disease patients. Selective activation of this cascade in astrocytes through viral gene transfer reduces the number and size of mutant Huntingtin aggregates in neurons and improves neuronal defects in two complementary mouse models of Huntington’s disease. It also reduces striatal atrophy and increases glutamate levels, two central clinical outcomes measured by non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging. Moreover, astrocyte-specific transcriptomic analysis shows that activation of the JAK2-STAT3 pathway in astrocytes coordinates a transcriptional program that increases their intrinsic proteolytic capacity, through the lysosomal and ubiquitin-proteasome degradation systems. This pathway also enhances their production and exosomal release of the co-chaperone DNAJB1, which contributes to mutant Huntingtin clearance in neurons.
Together, our results show that the JAK2-STAT3 pathway controls a beneficial proteostasis response in reactive astrocytes in Huntington’s disease, which involves bi-directional signalling with neurons to reduce mutant Huntingtin aggregation, eventually improving disease outcomes.
Evaluation of ABT-888 in the amelioration of α-synuclein fibril-induced neurodegeneration
Authors: Hastings Lyndsay , Sokratian Arpine , Apicco Daniel J. , Stanhope Christina M. , Smith Lindsey , Hirst Warren D. , West Andrew B. , Kelly Kaela 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe accumulation of α-synuclein inclusions in vulnerable neuronal populations pathologically defines Lewy body diseases including Parkinson’s disease. Recent pre-clinical studies suggest poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activation and the subsequent generation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymer represent key steps in the formation of toxic α-synuclein aggregates and neurodegeneration. Several studies suggest that the inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activity via the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1/2 small molecule inhibitor ABT-888 (Veliparib), a drug in clinical trials for different cancers, may prevent or ameliorate α-synuclein fibril-induced aggregation, inclusion formation and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Herein, we evaluated the effects of poly(ADP-ribose) polymer on α-synuclein fibrillization in vitro, the effects of ABT-888 on the formation of fibril-seeded α-synuclein inclusions in primary mouse cortical neurons and the effects of an in-diet ABT-888 dosage regimen with the intracranial injection of α-synuclein fibrils into the mouse dorsal striatum. We found that poly(ADP-ribose) polymer minimally but significantly increased the rate of spontaneously formed α-synuclein fibrils in vitro. Machine-learning algorithms that quantitatively assessed α-synuclein inclusion counts in neurons, both in primary cultures and in the brains of fibril-injected mice, did not reveal differences between ABT-888- and vehicle-treated groups. The in-diet administered ABT-888 molecule demonstrated outstanding brain penetration in mice; however, dopaminergic cell loss in the substantia nigra caused by α-synuclein fibril injections in the striatum was similar between ABT-888- and vehicle-treated groups. α-Synuclein fibril-induced loss of dopaminergic fibres in the dorsal striatum was also similar between ABT-888- and vehicle-treated groups. We conclude that additional pre-clinical evaluation of ABT-888 may be warranted to justify further exploration of ABT-888 for disease modification in Lewy body diseases.
Management of Adult Syphilis: Key Questions to Inform the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines
Authors: Tuddenham Susan , Ghanem Khalil G 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A panel of experts generated 5 “key questions” in the management of adult syphilis. A systematic literature review was conducted and tables of evidence were constructed to answer these questions. Available data suggest no clinical benefit to &gt;1 dose of benzathine penicillin G for early syphilis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected patients. While penicillin remains the drug of choice to treat syphilis, doxycycline to treat early and late latent syphilis is an acceptable alternate option if penicillin cannot be used. There are very limited data regarding the impact of additional antibiotic doses on serologic responses in serofast patients and no data on the impact of additional antibiotic courses on long-term clinical outcomes. In patients with isolated ocular or otic signs and symptoms, reactive syphilis serologic results, and confirmed ocular/otic abnormalities at examination, a diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination is not necessary, because up to 40% and 90% of patients, respectively, would have no CSF abnormalities. Based on the results of 2 studies, repeated CSF examinations are not necessary for HIV-uninfected patients or HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy who exhibit appropriate serologic and clinical responses after treatment for neurosyphilis. Finally, several important gaps were identified and should be a priority for future research.
A case report of ivabradine used for heart rate control of atrial fibrillation in acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Hardison Edward , Cox Zachary L , Heckman Katherine , Kelly Patricia A , Lindenfeld JoAnn 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Achieving pharmacologic rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular response (RVR) can be tricky when the patient’s underlying cardiac function is decreased. We present a case illustrating how ivabradine can be useful in this clinical scenario.

Case summary
A 95-year-old woman with a history of systolic heart failure (HF) presented with acute decompensated HF in AF with RVR. Beta blockade and calcium channel blockade were avoided given her cardiac history, and diuresis with high doses of furosemide was ineffective. Her ventricular response slowed with ivabradine, allowing for rapid decongestion and a safe discharge home.

Discussion
Ivabradine acts on the If current of cardiac pacemaker cells to slow heart rate (HR), and it currently carries a class IIa recommendation to reduce the risk of HF hospitalization and cardiac death in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35% and a symptomatic HR ≥70 b.p.m. Although current recommendations are for patients in sinus rhythm, ivabradine has a theoretical benefit in patients with AF given its mechanism of action. Because it does not negatively affect inotropy or blood pressure, ivabradine was used in our patient with a good clinical outcome. Our case provides an example of ivabradine’s usefulness in patients with AF in RVR with a history of depressed systolic function.