bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Exposure to Essential and Non-essential Elements During Infants’ First Year of Life in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Signes-Pastor Antonio J. , Sayarath Vicki , Jackson Brian , Cottingham Kathryn L. , Punshon Tracy , Karagas Margaret R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEven the low levels of non-essential elements exposure common in the US may have health consequences especially early in life. However, little is known about the infant’s dynamic exposure to essential and non-essential elements. This study aims to evaluate exposure to essential and non-essential elements during infants’ first year of life and to explore the association between the exposure and rice consumption. Paired urine samples from infants enrolled in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS) were collected at approximately 6 weeks (exclusively breastfed) and at 1 year of age after weaning (n = 187). A further independent subgroup of NHBCS infants with details about rice consumption at 1 year of age also was included (n = 147). Urinary concentrations of 8 essential (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, and Se) and 9 non-essential (Al, As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Sb, Sn, V, and U) elements were determined as a measure of exposure. Several essential (Co, Fe, Mo, Ni, and Se) and non-essential (Al, As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Sb, Sn, and V) elements had higher concentrations at 1 year than at 6 weeks of age. The highest increases were for urinary As and Mo with median concentrations of 0.20 and 1.02 µg/L at 6 weeks and 2.31 and 45.36 µg/L at 1 year of age, respectively. At 1 year of age, As and Mo urine concentrations were related to rice consumption. Further efforts are necessary to minimize exposure to non-essential elements while retaining essential elements to protect and promote children’s health.
Extending social presence theory: social presence divergence and interaction integration in online distance learning
Authors: Weidlich Joshua , Göksün Derya Orhan , Kreijns Karel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSocial presence is an important concept for understanding psychosocial processes in learning scenarios that make extensive use of mediated communication like online distance learning. Despite this centrality, a coherent and nuanced theory of social presence is yet to emerge from the literature. Past research has shown associations with desirable affective variables like satisfaction and perceived learning, yet our knowledge as to when and for whom these effects are expected is still very limited. By introducing two contextual explanatory variables, we provide the means toward a more mature theory of social presence. The first variable, social presence divergence, relates students experiences to their preferences, yielding three distinct scenarios: too little, too much, and just the right amount of social presence. The second variable, interaction integration, considers the centrality of social interaction in the learning scenario, suggesting that this functions as a moderator. In a sample of teacher education students (N = 305), we find evidence that these variables interact with social presence and affective dependent variables as expected. These results add nuance and context to the discussion about the practical relevance of social presence. The implications of these findings as well as limitations of this study are discussed.
A novelty detection approach to effectively predict conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Liu Shuo , Cao Yi , Liu Junxiu , Ding Xuemei , Coyle Damien ,   For the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: June 2022

AbstractAccurately recognising patients with progressive mild cognitive impairment (pMCI) who will develop Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in subsequent years is very important, as early identification of those patients will enable interventions to potentially reduce the number of those transitioning from MCI to AD. Most studies in this area have concentrated on high-dimensional neuroimaging data with supervised binary/multi-class classification algorithms. However, neuroimaging data is more costly to obtain than non-imaging, and healthcare datasets are normally imbalanced which may reduce classification performance and reliability. To address these challenges, we proposed a new strategy that employs unsupervised novelty detection (ND) techniques to predict pMCI from the AD neuroimaging initiative non-imaging data. ND algorithms, including the k-nearest neighbours (kNN), k-means, Gaussian mixture model (GMM), isolation forest (IF) and extreme learning machine (ELM), were employed and compared with supervised binary support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF). We introduced optimisation with nested cross-validation and focused on maximising the adjusted F measure to ensure maximum generalisation of the proposed system by minimising false negative rates. Our extensive experimental results show that ND algorithms (0.727 ± 0.029 kNN, 0.7179 ± 0.0523 GMM, 0.7276 ± 0.0281 ELM) obtained comparable performance to supervised binary SVM (0.7359 ± 0.0451) with 20% stable MCI misclassification tolerance and were significantly better than RF (0.4771 ± 0.0167). Moreover, we found that the non-invasive, readily obtainable, and cost-effective cognitive and functional assessment was the most efficient predictor for predicting the pMCI within 2 years with ND techniques. Importantly, we presented an accessible and cost-effective approach to pMCI prediction, which does not require labelled data.
Numerical simulation and field application of biological nano-technology in the low- and medium-permeability reservoirs of an offshore oilfield
Authors: Gao Ping , Feng Qing , Chen Xianchao , Li Shengsheng , Sun Yanni , Li Jiang , Zhou Jingchao , Qian Feng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs a result of deep burial depth, small pore throat, poor connectivity between pores, different clay mineral contents in reservoirs, and strong reservoir sensitivity, injection wells often have problems such as rapidly increasing water-injection pressure and insufficient water-injection quantity in the process of water-injection development. The main measures used to solve the difficulties of water injection in low-permeability reservoirs include fracturing, acidizing, and surfactant depressurization and injection increase, all of which have some disadvantages of high cost and environmental damage. In recent years, depressurization and injection-increase environment-safe bio-nano-materials have been introduced into low-permeability reservoirs and have achieved good application results in China. On the other hand, although there have been many researches on EOR (enhanced oil recovery) of nano-materials, the numerical simulation field of nano-depressurization and injection-augmenting technology is still a blank that the wettability mechanism of nano-materials and EOR nano-materials used in bio-nano-depressurization and injection-augmenting technology are almost completely opposite, and the influence of adsorption on formation is almost completely opposite. The adsorption of nanoparticles in other EOR studies will reduce the porosity and make the reservoir more hydrophilic. Nanoparticles used in biological nano-technology will produce hydrophobic film near the well, which will reduce the seepage resistance through the slip of water phase. In this study, a set of water flooding model of numerical simulation technology for depressurization and injection-augmenting of biological nano-materials considering adsorption characteristics and reservoir physical properties was established, the sensitivity analysis of key injection parameters was carried out, and the application effect prediction chart of biological nano-technology was drawn, and the model and prediction chart were verified by real oilfield data. As far as we know, this is the first numerical simulation study on biological nano-technology that has been applied in oil fields.
The genus Rumex (Polygonaceae): an ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological review
Authors: Li Jing-Juan , Li Yong-Xiang , Li Na , Zhu Hong-Tao , Wang Dong , Zhang Ying-Jun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRumex L., a genus in Polygonaceae family with about 200 species, is growing widely around the world. Some Rumex species, called "sorrel" or "dock", have been used as food application and treatment of skin diseases and hemostasis after trauma by the local people of its growing areas for centuries. To date, 29 Rumex species have been studied to contain about 268 substances, including anthraquinones, flavonoids, naphthalenes, stilbenes, diterpene alkaloids, terpenes, lignans, and tannins. Crude extract of Rumex spp. and the pure isolates displayed various bioactivities, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant, cardiovascular protection and antiaging activities. Rumex species have important potential to become a clinical medicinal source in future. This review covers research articles from 1900 to 2022, fetched from SciFinder, Web of Science, ResearchGate, CNKI and Google Scholar, using “Rumex” as a search term ("all fields") with no specific time frame set for the search. Thirty-five Rumex species were selected and summarized on their geographical distribution, edible parts, traditional uses, chemical research and pharmacological properties.
Extreme Wind Variability and Wind Map Development in Western Java, Indonesia
Authors: Abdillah Muhammad Rais , Sarli Prasanti Widyasih , Firmansyah Hafidz Rizky , Sakti Anjar Dimara , Fajary Faiz Rohman , Muharsyah Robi , Sudarman Gian Gardian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWind-related disasters are one of the most frequent disasters in Indonesia. It can cause severe damages of residential construction, especially in the world’s most populated island of Java. Understanding the characteristics of extreme winds is crucial for mitigating the disasters and for defining structural design standards. This study investigated the spatiotemporal variations of extreme winds and pioneered a design wind map in Indonesia by focusing on western Java. Based on gust data observed in recent years from 24 stations, the extreme winds exhibit a clear annual cycle where northwestern and southeastern sides of western Java show out-of-phase relationship due to reversal monsoons. Meanwhile, extreme wind occurrences are mostly affected by small-scale weather systems, regardless of seasons and locations. To build the wind map, we used bias-corrected gust from ERA5 and applied the Gumbel method to predict extreme winds with different return periods. The wind map highlights some drawbacks of the current national design standards, which use single wind speed values regardless of location and return period. Beside a fundamental improvement for wind design, this study will benefit disaster risk mapping and other applications that require extreme wind speed distribution.
A new perspective on: evolutionary processes and organizational adaptation
Authors: Knudsen Thorbjørn 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLevinthal’s (Evolutionary processes and organizational adaptation: a Mendelian perspective on strategic management. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2021) book is not only a helpful resource on the many facets of organizational adaptation, but also a source of inspiration that promises to revitalize research on organizational evolution. Taking inspiration from this book, I outline a perspective on three topics that may enrich management research: (1) Levinthal’s treatment of path-dependence is a much-needed candidate for a general account of selection processes across biological and social domains; (2) Levinthal’s idea that corporate diversification and technological disruption may be considered instances of speciation—i.e., branching of lineages—(re)frames an exciting research agenda at the intersection of ecology and evolution; (3) Considering executives as a population of fruit flies may, from the perspective of empirical research, be a useful complement to the idea of the Mendelian executive.
From Data to Narratives: Scrutinising the Spatial Dimensions of Social and Cultural Phenomena Through Lenses of Interactive Web Mapping
Authors: Lan Tian , O’Brien Oliver , Cheshire James , Singleton Alex , Longley Paul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractModern web mapping techniques have enhanced the storytelling capability of cartography. In this paper, we present our recent development of a web mapping facility that can be used to extract interesting stories and unique insights from a diverse range of socio-economic and demographic variables and indicators, derived from a variety of datasets. We then use three curated narratives to show that online maps are effective ways of interactive storytelling and visualisation, which allow users to tailor their own story maps. We discuss the reasons for the revival of the recent attention to narrative mapping and conclude that our interactive web mapping facility powered by data assets can be employed as an accessible and powerful toolkit, to identify geographic patterns of various social and economic phenomena by social scientists, journalists, policymakers, and the public.
Salami Slicing: clarifying common misconceptions for social science early-career researchers
Authors: Adams Nicholas Norman 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe term Salami Slicing is used often within academia to refer to the needless separation of a single research study, attached dataset, and argument that should form a single publication, into two or several separate publications for submission in different journals. While the term is used with frequency, there exist few explicit guidelines that concretely explain firstly: what tangibly constitutes the unethical and damaging practice of Salami Slicing, and secondly: instances relating to social science research where multiple publications from a single body of data are not only acceptable, but necessary for furthering scholarly thought and developing important cross-disciplinary perspectives. These cases actively exist outside of and resist the Salami Slicing label. This paper represents a discussion of the above points from my perspective as a social science early career researcher (ECR) in the hope of clarifying the key misconceptions and ambiguities surrounding this common yet often elusive term. By doing this, I hope to minimise anxiety and panic for fellow ECRs, and help them avoid needlessly withdrawing carefully developed and time-intensive publications that could actively benefit and grow different disciplinary social science perspectives.
Lessons from the Advocacy Coalition Framework for climate change policy and politics
Authors: Gabehart Kayla M. , Nam Aerang , Weible Christopher M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe world faces grand challenges that threaten our socio-economical, ecological, and political systems. Inequities, insurrections, invasions, and illiberal democracies represent a sample of the population of problems facing life as we know it. Paramount among these problems lie climate change, caused principally by human activity of burning fossil fuels. This paper offers a perspective on climate change from a “lens” in the social sciences. By analyzing applications (n = 67) of the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) to climate change, we aim to examine patterns across these applications of the ACF, particularly concerning the characteristics of coalitions, how they behave, change policy, and learn. We conclude that future studies should examine how coalitions and beliefs can better address wicked problems in an increasingly global and interconnected world. We propose the prioritization of studying non-democratic governance arrangements and underrepresented locations of study, pairing the ACF with other theories and frameworks to address complex questions, and prioritizing normative dynamics of climate change politics.
Constructive interference effects for tidal turbine arrays
Authors: McNaughton James , Cao Bowen , Nambiar Anup , Davey Thomas , Vogel Christopher R. , Willden Richard H.J. 
Published: June 2022

The performance benefits of deploying tidal turbines in close side-by-side proximity to exploit constructive interference effects are demonstrated experimentally using two 1.2 m diameter turbines. The turbines are arrayed side-by-side at 1/4 diameter tip-to-tip spacing, and their performance compared with that of a single rotor. Tests were completed in the 25 m diameter, 2 m deep wave and current FloWave Ocean Energy Research facility. A detailed assessment of inflow conditions at different control points is used to understand the impact that rotors, designed for high blockage conditions, have on the approach flow. After accounting for global blockage, a 10.8 % uplift in the twin-turbine-averaged power coefficient, relative to that for a single turbine, is found for the turbine design speed, at the expense of a 5.2 % increase in thrust coefficient and 3.1 % increase in tip-speed-ratio. Flowfield mapping demonstrated flow effects at array and device scale including array bypass flows and jetting between turbines. Azimuthal variation of blade root flapwise and edgewise bending moments show that the turbines interact in a beneficial manner, with additional and sustained loading peaks as the blades pass in close proximity to the neighbouring rotor. Peak performance for the twin turbines occurred at a higher tip-speed-ratio than for the single turbine, which is consistent with the twin turbines exerting a higher thrust on the flow to achieve maximum power. The twin turbine performance variation with tip-speed-ratio is found to be more gradual than for the single turbine. Using differential rotor speed control we observe that array performance is robust to small differences in neighbouring rotor operating point. Through these experiments we demonstrate that there is a substantial, achievable performance benefit from closely arraying turbines for side-by-side operation and designing them for constructive interference.
Dismantling the “Jungle”: migrant relocation and extreme voting in France
Authors: Vertier Paul , Viskanic Max , Gamalerio Matteo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLarge migrant inflows have spurred anti-immigrant sentiment, but can small inflows have a different impact? We exploit the redistribution of migrants after the dismantling of the “Calais Jungle” in France to study the impact of the exposure to few migrants, which we estimate using difference-in-differences and instrumental variables. We find that in the presence of a migrant center (CAO), the growth rate of vote shares for the main far-right party (Front National (FN), our proxy for anti-immigrant sentiment) between 2012 and 2017 is reduced by about 12 percentage points. This effect, which crucially depends on the inflow's size, points toward the contact hypothesis (Allport, 1954).
Effects of whey and soy protein supplementation on inflammatory cytokines in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Prokopidis Konstantinos , Mazidi Mohsen , Sankaranarayanan Rajiv , Tajik Behnam , McArdle Anne , Isanejad Masoud 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and aims:Low-grade inflammation is a mediator of muscle proteostasis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of isolated whey and soy proteins on inflammatory markers.Methods:We conducted a systematic literature search of randomised controlled trials (RCT) through MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases from inception until September 2021. To determine the effectiveness of isolated proteins on circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6 and TNF-α, a meta-analysis using a random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled effects (CRD42021252603).Results:Thirty-one RCT met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. A significant reduction of circulating IL-6 levels following whey protein [Mean Difference (MD): −0·79, 95 % CI: −1·15, −0·42, I2 = 96 %] and TNF-α levels following soy protein supplementation (MD: −0·16, 95 % CI: −0·26, −0·05, I2 = 68 %) was observed. The addition of soy isoflavones exerted a further decline in circulating TNF-α levels (MD: −0·20, 95 % CI: −0·31, −0·08, I2 = 34 %). According to subgroup analysis, whey protein led to a statistically significant decrease in circulating IL-6 levels in individuals with sarcopenia and pre-frailty (MD: −0·98, 95 % CI: −1·56, −0·39, I2 = 0 %). These findings may be dependent on participant characteristics and treatment duration.Conclusions:These data support that whey and soy protein supplementation elicit anti-inflammatory effects by reducing circulating IL-6 and TNF-α levels, respectively. This effect may be enhanced by soy isoflavones and may be more prominent in individuals with sarcopenia.
Effect of 8-week intake of the n-3 fatty acid-rich perilla oil on the gut function and as a fuel source for female athletes: a randomised trial
Authors: Kawamura Aki , Nemoto Ken , Sugita Masaaki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have examined the effects of n-3 fatty acid intake in supplement form or fish oil capsules, but there are few studies based on other foods. Perilla oil is a traditional Japanese seed oil rich in n-3 fatty acids. This randomised trial aimed to determine the appropriate n-3 fatty acid dose through consumption of perilla oil, which improves gut function and microbiota in trained athletes, and the amount of fat fuel required to provide energy to athletes involved in high-intensity training to improve athletic performance. Thirty-six female athletes training six times per week were randomly assigned to three groups according to perilla oil intake: 9 g/d (high oil intake (HOI)), 3 g/d (low oil intake (LOI)) and placebo-supplementation (PLA) groups. The HOI and LOI groups had perilla oil-containing jelly and the PLA group had placebo jelly for 8 weeks. Gut microbiota, constipation score and urinary biochemical index were measured pre- and post-intervention. The spoilage bacteria, Proteobacteria, significantly decreased (P = 0·036, d = 0·53), whereas Butyrate-producing bacteria, Lachnospiraceae, significantly increased (P = 0·007, d = 1·2) in the HOI group. Urinary indoxyl sulphate significantly decreased in the HOI group only (P = 0·010, d = 0·82). Changes in the constipation score were significantly lower in the HOI group (P = 0·020) and even lower in the LOI group (P = 0·073) than in the PLA group; there were significant differences between groups (P = 0·035). Therefore, perilla oil intake may improve gut function and microbiota in athletes, with higher doses resulting in further improvement.