bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KJT ein „Seismograf“ für das Wohlbefinden von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Luxemburg
Authors: Gorges-Wagner Barbara , Hartz Aline , Reuter Cathy , Stephany Sally 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel beschreibt die Aufgaben, Arbeitsweisen und Konzepte des KJT. Er zeigt die spezifischen Sorgen und Probleme auf, mit denen Kinder und Jugendliche, die die Angebote des KJT in Anspruch nehmen, konfrontiert sind. Darüber hinaus richtet der Beitrag den Blick auf die Coronakrise 2020 und stellt heraus, mit welchen Themen die betroffenen Kinder und Jugendliche sich in dieser Zeit beschäftigt haben. Der Beitrag schließt mit einer Diskussion über die zukünftigen Herausforderungen.
„Was wollt ihr von mir?“ – Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit von Jugendlichen im stationären Kontext
Authors: Hansen Viviane , Özen Nabila , Kohll Claude 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungIn der stationären Kinder- und Jugendhilfe spielt das subjektive Wohlbefinden der jungen Menschen eine wichtige Rolle in Bezug auf ihr eigenes Gesundheitsverhalten im Alltag. In der Regel befinden sich die Jugendlichen während ihres Aufenthaltes im Heim in einer Lebensphase, welche geprägt ist durch Veränderungen, neue Entwicklungsaufgaben und Unsicherheiten. Im stationären Kontext kommen jedoch häufig erschwerende Ausgangsbedingungen durch die Heimunterbringung selbst, zerrüttete Familienverhältnisse oder traumatische Erlebnisse aus der eigenen Biografie für die zu bewältigenden Veränderungen hinzu. Die begleitenden Fachkräfte befinden sich dabei häufig in einer ambivalenten Rollensituation. Einerseits müssen sie, insbesondere bei Risikoverhalten, eine Schutzfunktion gegenüber den Jugendlichen wahrnehmen. Gleichzeitig müssen sie jedoch auch versuchen, an das Lebensgefühl, die subjektive Wahrnehmung und den aktuellen Lebenskontext der Jugendlichen anzuknüpfen, mit dem Ziel, das Gefühl der Selbstwirksamkeit bei den Heranwachsenden zu fördern. Im zweiten Teil des Beitrags wird anhand von drei Fallbeispielen aus dem Praxisalltag stationärer Einrichtungen das Thema „Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit“ aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven und mit verschiedenen thematischen Schwerpunkten beleuchtet. Abschließend werden präventive und gesundheitsfördernde Ansätze, die sich sowohl in der Praxis mit den Jugendlichen als auch im Sinne der Handlungssicherheit von Erzieherinnen positiv bewährt haben, dargestellt. Die Ansätze favorisieren eine ganzheitliche und ressourcenorientierte Herangehensweise, die eng mit den Grundprinzipien der Partizipation und Aushandlung verknüpft sind.
Economic Perspectives on Individual Well-being
Authors: Borga Liyousew , D’Ambrosio Conchita , Lepinteur Anthony 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe concept of individual well-being is central in Economics. This Chapter opens with a presentation of the various measures of “subjective” well-being used by economists. It is followed by a discussion describing the extent to which empirical measures of subjective well-being produce a better understanding of the determinants of the theoretical concept of “utility”. Most of the remainder of the Chapter reviews the empirical findings based on subjective well-being data in the field of Economics. The relationship between income and well-being is discussed at length through the Easterlin Paradox and the concept of relative utility. Findings from both seminal work and recent articles about the influence of a variety of individual socio-economic variables such as unemployment, health and marital status are reviewed. The last Section of the Chapter presents “objective” individual measure of well-being.
Psychische Gesundheit und Anpassung bei chronisch-körperlicher Erkrankung
Authors: Noeker Meinolf 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Forschung zur psychischen Anpassung an eine chronisch-somatische Erkrankung stellt ein besonders aufschlussreiches Forschungsfeld auch für die Weiterentwicklung theoretischer Modellkonzeptionen zu den grundlegenden Wirkungsbeziehungen zwischen körperlichem Gesundheitszustand und psychischem Wohlbefindlichen dar. Eine chronische Erkrankung bewirkt über assoziierte körperliche Beschwerden und Schmerzen, Beeinträchtigungen der Funktionsfähigkeit, psychosoziale Folgebelastungen, Beeinträchtigungen von Körperbild und Selbstwert sowie die notwendige Adhärenz mit Therapieanforderungen gravierende Effekte auf den psychischen Status (Wohlbefinden, Lebensqualität, psychopathologische Komorbidität). Forschungsbefunde zeigen, dass die Regulation dieser vielschichtigen Herausforderungen weniger von biomedizinischen Merkmalen der individuell vorliegenden Erkrankung (Zeitpunkt des Erkrankungsbeginns, Prognose, Auftreten hochakuter Exazerbationen, vitale Lebensbedrohung, verfügbare Therapieoptionen) abhängt, sondern vielmehr von psychosozialen Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren beim betroffenen Kind und in der Familie. Zentral sind erkrankungsangepasste, kognitiv-emotionale Bewertungsprozesse und Skills bei der Emotionsregulation, Problemlösung und dem möglichst eigen verantwortlichen Krankheitsmanagement. Diese können im Rahmen klinisch-psychologischer Intervention gestärkt werden (Familienberatung, Patientenschulung, Verhaltenstrainings). Je nach Verfügbarkeit adaptiver Bewältigungskompetenzen reicht das Spektrum der Entwicklungsverläufe und -ergebnisse von der Herausbildung einer komorbiden psychischen Störung im ungünstigen Fall bis hin zu einem umfassenden Kompetenzaufbau mit Reifungsakzeleration und Resilienz im günstigen Fall. Der Beitrag integriert das komplexe Zusammenwirken solcher Entwicklungsfaktoren in ein übergeordnetes Prozessmodell.
Bedeutung von Peerbeziehungen im Zusammenhang mit der Entwicklung von Gesundheit und Wohlbefinden von Jugendlichen
Authors: Eschenbeck Heike , Lohaus Arnold 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungGleichaltrige beeinflussen die Entwicklung Jugendlicher. Dabei können Beziehungen zu Gleichaltrigen als Schutzfaktoren für die Bewältigung der Anforderungen, aber auch als Risikofaktoren aufgefasst werden. Zudem stellt der Aufbau von Peerbeziehungen als Entwicklungsaufgabe selbst eine Anforderung dar. Ausgehend von Entwicklungsanforderungen im Jugendalter thematisiert dieser Beitrag die Rolle von Peerbeziehungen für Gesundheit und Wohlbefinden. Vorgestellt werden zunächst bedeutsame Entwicklungsdimensionen, auf die Peerbeziehungen Einfluss nehmen können, sowie Mechanismen, über die Gleichaltrige die Entwicklung von Jugendlichen beeinflussen. Dies sind Selbstkonzept, Werte und Normen, soziale Kompetenzen und soziale Integration als Entwicklungsdimensionen, Modelllernen und soziale Verstärkung, Gruppendruck und sozialer Einfluss, soziale und emotionale Unterstützung, Ausgrenzung und Bullying als potenzielle Mechanismen. Anknüpfend folgt eine Darstellung des Forschungsstands zu förderlichen und problematischen Einflüssen durch Peers auf Gesundheit und Wohlbefinden (internalisierende und externalisierende Auffälligkeiten, diverse Gesundheitsverhaltensweisen und Schulleistung). Der Beitrag schließt mit Überlegungen zu reziproken Effekten, der Bedeutung der Eltern-Kind-Beziehung und der Relevanz von Peerbeziehungen und Freundschaften im Kontext von Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung im Jugendalter.
It’s a Family Affair: Family Health and Child Well-being
Authors: Borga Liyousew , D’Ambrosio Conchita , Lepinteur Anthony 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhile the relationship between own health and subjective well-being is well documented, evidence is limited regarding the relationship of the latter with respect to the health of a family member. Recent models of human capital formation link human development to the stability of the home environment and to parental health. Using a unique longitudinal data from four developing countries, we extend this strand of the literature by investigating the role of family health on the well-being of adolescents. Our results show that family illness negatively affects subjective well-being. This effect is stronger for health problems of siblings than parents. We explore potential mechanisms and find that the most significant transmission channel for parental health is the shared social environment. The effect of the illness of siblings appears to be mostly driven by psychological factors.
Child Deprivation and Well-being in Luxembourg
Authors: Guio Anne-Catherine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChild poverty features on the agenda of the European Union (EU) since many years. In 2013, a Recommendation on “Investing in children: breaking the cycle of disadvantage” argued that “preventing the transmission of disadvantage across generations is a crucial investment in Europe’s future” (European Commission, 2013). Most recently, the Recommendation on the European Child Guarantee proposed by the European Commission in March 2021 confirmed the importance of the fight against child poverty at the EU level.In terms of the monitoring of child poverty, the EU made a step forward in March 2018 by adopting a child-specific deprivation indicator. This allowed to go beyond the simple age group breakdowns of social indicators to monitor children’s living conditions and to capture the actual living conditions of children, which may differ from that of their parents.This chapter analyses the determinants of child deprivation in Luxembourg, using this new child deprivation indicator adopted at European Union level in March 2018 and highlights differences with neighbouring countries and key political challenges.
Negative complexity of formation: the compact dimensions strike back
Authors: Engelhardt Netta , Folkestad Åsmund 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We show that the vacuum-subtracted maximal volume, the proposed holographic dual to complexity of formation, can be negative when contributions from compact directions are included. We construct explicit solutions with arbitrarily negative complexity of formation in asymptotically AdS4 × S7 SUGRA. These examples rely critically on the compact directions, specifically the fact that the full eleven-dimensional spacetime is not asymptotically AdS11. While there is some ambiguity in the extension of the holographic complexity proposal to the compact directions, we show that the two natural candidates can both have arbitrarily negative complexity of formation in SUGRA solutions. We further find examples in which complexity can even decrease at late times, including cases of both single-sided geometries and two-sided wormholes. In particular, we construct a cosmological wormhole with simultaneously negative and decreasing complexity of formation (as computed by volume) at late times. We find a distinguished role for relevant primaries in these constructions and comment on possible interpretations.
Degenerate operators on the half-line
Authors: Metafune G. , Negro L. , Spina C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe study elliptic and parabolic problems governed by the singular elliptic operators $$\begin{aligned} y^{\alpha }\left( D_{yy}+\frac{c}{y}D_y\right) -V(y),\quad \alpha \in {\mathbb {R}}\end{aligned}$$

y
α

D

yy

+

c
y

D
y

-
V

(
y
)

,

α
∈
R

in $${\mathbb {R}}_+$$

R
+

, where V is a potential having nonnegative real part.
Systems of Fully Nonlinear Parabolic Obstacle Problems with Neumann Boundary Conditions
Authors: Lundström Niklas L. P. , Olofsson Marcus 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe prove the existence of a unique viscosity solution to certain systems of fully nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations with interconnected obstacles in the setting of Neumann boundary conditions. The method of proof builds on the classical viscosity solution technique adapted to the setting of interconnected obstacles and construction of explicit viscosity sub- and supersolutions as bounds for Perron’s method. Our motivation stems from so called optimal switching problems on bounded domains.
Anatomical variants of the acromioclavicular joint influence its visibility in the standard MRI protocol in patients aged 18–31 years
Authors: Helleberg Fredrik , Sobecki Piotr , Józwiak Rafał , Szaro Paweł 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Visualization of a structure in orthogonal planes is essential for correct radiological assessment. The aim was to assess the utility of the standard MRI protocol for the shoulder in the assessment of the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ).

Methods
A total of 204 MRI scans of the shoulder were re-reviewed. Visibility of the ACJ in orthogonal planes was assessed, and the type of acromion and the angle between the ACJ and the glenoid cavity were assessed by two observers.

Results
Agreement in the assessment of ACJ visibility was moderate to substantial. The ACJ was visible in the three anatomical views in 48% (confidence interval [CI] 95% = [41–54%]) of the examinations, and no significant difference regarding gender or age was noticed. The mean angle between the ACJ and the glenoid cavity was 41.12 deg. CI95% = (39.72, 42.53) in the axial plane, 33.39 deg. CI95% = (31.33, 35.45) in the coronal plane and 52.49 deg. CI95% = (50.10, 54.86) in the sagittal plane. When the ACJ was visible in the sagittal and axial planes, significant differences were noticed in the remaining planes (p < .05).

Conclusion
Anatomical variations of the ACJ influence its visibility in the standard MRI protocol for examining the shoulder, making this protocol insufficient for ACJ assessment in the examined population.
An imaging technique for determining the volume fraction of two-component droplets of immiscible fluids
Authors: Stumpf Bastian , Ruesch Jonas H. , Roisman Ilia V. , Tropea Cameron , Hussong Jeanette 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Droplets within droplets occur in numerous situations in which two immiscible liquids interact, for instance, binary drop collisions or when a drop of one liquid impacts onto a film of a different liquid, ejecting secondary droplets containing both liquids. In the present study, an imaging technique for determining the volume fraction of each liquid component in such two-component droplets is introduced, in which multiple images of the same droplet at different times are used. The processing of these images is supported by a machine learning algorithm, which is taught using synthetically generated images and validated on droplets with known mixture fractions placed in an acoustic levitator. The application of the technique is demonstrated by measuring the volume fraction in splashed secondary droplets following the impact of a drop of one liquid onto a film of a different liquid.

Graphical abstract
Downhill running affects the late but not the early phase of the rate of force development
Authors: Varesco Giorgio , Coratella Giuseppe , Rozand Vianney , Cuinet Benjamin , Lombardi Giovanni , Mourot Laurent , Vernillo Gianluca 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the acute changes in the knee extensors maximum voluntary isometric contraction force (MVIC), rate of force development (RFD), and rate of EMG rise (RER) following a bout of downhill running.

Methods
MVIC and RFD at 0–50, 50–100, 100–200, and 0–200 ms were determined in thirteen men (22 ± 2 yr) before and after 30 min of downhill running (speed: 10 km h−1; slope: − 20%). Vastus lateralis maximum EMG (EMGmax) and RER at 0–30, 0–50, and 0–75 ms were also recorded.

Results
MVIC, RFD0–200, and EMGmax decreased by ~ 25% [Cohen’s d = − 1.09 (95% confidence interval: − 1.88/− 0.24)], ~ 15% [d = − 0.50 (− 1.26/0.30)], and ~ 22% [d = − 0.37 (− 1.13/0.42)] (all P < 0.05), respectively. RFD100–200 was also reduced [− 25%; d = − 0.70 (− 1.47/0.11); P < 0.001]. No change was observed at 0–50 ms and 50–100 ms (P ≥ 0.05). RER values were similar at each time interval (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Downhill running impairs the muscle capacity to produce maximum force and the overall ability to rapidly develop force. No change was observed for the early phase of the RFD and the absolute RER, suggesting no alterations in the neural mechanisms underlying RFD. RFD100–200 reduction suggests that impairments in the rapid force-generating capacity are located within the skeletal muscle, likely due to a reduction in muscle–tendon stiffness and/or impairments in the muscle contractile apparatus. These findings may help explain evidence of neuromuscular alterations in trail runners and following prolonged duration races wherein cumulative eccentric loading is high.
“These Girls Have a Chance to be the Future Generation of HIV Negative”: Experiences of Implementing a PrEP Programme for Adolescent Girls and Young Women in South Africa
Authors: Duby Zoe , Bunce Brittany , Fowler Chantal , Jonas Kim , Bergh Kate , Govindasamy Darshini , Wagner Colleen , Mathews Catherine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDaily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly efficacious for HIV prevention. Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) have been prioritised for PrEP delivery in South Africa. A combination HIV prevention intervention providing integrated biomedical, behavioural and structural interventions for AGYW aged 15–24 in twelve districts in South Africa characterised by high HIV prevalence, was implemented 2019–2022. We conducted qualitative interviews to explore PrEP implementation experiences with 38 individuals involved in the implementation of the combination HIV prevention programme, including programme managers and project coordinators, health care providers / nurses, social workers, counsellors, peer group trainers and outreach workers. Narratives included various challenges associated with PrEP uptake, adherence and acceptability experienced by implementers. Barriers to PrEP acceptability included AGYW fears of side effects and preference for injectable versus daily oral PrEP; resistance towards PrEP from AGYW, communities and parents due to a lack of accurate information; PrEP stigma linked to associations with antiretrovirals and assumptions of promiscuity; and issues pertaining to parental consent. Additionally, implementers faced logistical challenges related to procurement, stockouts, and supply of PrEP. Findings highlighted the critical role of parental and community acceptability of PrEP for successful implementation. Overall, PrEP was perceived by implementers as a valuable HIV prevention tool. In order to ensure the accessibility of PrEP for AGYW in South Africa, efforts to reduce stigma and foster social support for PrEP use, campaigns to raise awareness, ensure positive framing of PrEP, and build community acceptability of PrEP, are needed.
Using an extended technology acceptance model to predict enterprise architecture adoption in making cities smarter
Authors: Jnr Bokolo Anthony , Petersen Sobah Abbas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPresently cities are undergoing changes and transformations due to the adoption of information and communications technology. Enterprise Architecture (EA) is one of the approaches adopted by practitioners and researchers to facilitate smart city development as it can enhance the effectiveness of cities’ digital resources and sustainability capabilities. But, despite several literature on EA, studies on the adoption of EA to improve the sustainability of cities are still at the early stage. Besides, there are fewer studies that provided evidence on the adoption of EA to make cities sustainable grounded on established theoretical models and quantitative data. Therefore, this study aims to provide an understanding on the adoption of EA by different practitioners involved in a smart city project. Knowledge transfer and support services are integrated as new external variables needed to improve practitioners’ behavior intention and actual adoption of EA in making cities smarter. A model is developed grounded on an extension of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and data were collected via a cross-country survey. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the data. Findings from this study offer implications for research and practice and provide opportunities for future research.
Does the Weekly Practice of Recalling and Elaborating Episodes Raise Well-Being in University Students?
Authors: Moè Angelica 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIncreasing well-being is a prominent worldwide goal that can be achieved primarily through social support and environmental factors. However, in times of social distancing or isolation, it is important to also rely on self-managed activities. This study aimed to (a) test the effectiveness of a seven-week well-being intervention, in increasing need satisfaction, self-compassion, emotion regulation, and grateful disposition by curbing need frustration, self-derogation, and emotional suppression, and (b) examine the maintenance and long-term effects of the practices based on recall, elaboration, and writing. One hundred and twenty university students weekly recalled and elaborated for seven consecutive weeks on three recent episodes of gratitude, self-affirmation, goal setting, or meaningful things, according to the group to which they were assigned. Before the intervention, immediately after and one month later, they filled in questionnaires to assess need satisfaction/frustration, self-compassion/derogation, emotion regulation and grateful disposition. The results confirmed an increase in well-being and a decrease in ill-being for all groups (Cohen d for the significant differences ranging from 0.18 to 0.53). The effects were maintained one month later and even increased for self-compassion, self-derogation, need frustration, and emotional reappraisal. A follow-up assessment revealed that a third of the participants continued with the well-being practices. Implications and suggestions for future well-being interventions are discussed.
Predictors of nadir serum creatinine after drainage of bilaterally obstructed kidneys due to different etiologies
Authors: Gadelkareem Rabea Ahmed , Abdelraouf Ahmed Mahmoud , El-Taher Ahmed Mohammed , Ahmed Abdelfattah Ibrahim , Mohammed Nasreldin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeTo identify the predictors of nadir serum creatinine (SCr) after drainage of bilaterally obstructed kidneys (BOKs) by different modes: double-J stent (JJ) versus percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) and unilateral versus bilateral drainage.MethodsA prospective non-randomized study was performed on patients with BOKs and raised SCr during December 2019–November 2021. Relevant variables were studied for improvement and non-improvement and for benign and malignant underlying obstructions (BUO and MUO).ResultsThis study included 107 patients with BOKs including 68 (63.6%) males and 39 (36.4%) females. After drainage, 86 (80.4%) patients get improved, while 21 (19.6%) patients failed to reach a nadir SCr. Drainage by PCN was significantly higher in MUO, while JJ was significantly higher in BUO (p < 0.001). Also, bilateral drainage was a significant predictor of improvement in MUO (p = 0.03). In contrast, mode of drainage had no significant effect on improvement in BUO (p = 0.84), but bilateral drainage was a significant factor of rapid time to nadir (p = 0.02). Univariate analyses revealed no significant effects on the improvement in SCr from the studied variables, except the male gender (p = 0.01), old age (p < 0.001), MUO (p = 0.01), unilateral drainage (p < 0.001), and use of PCN for drainage (p < 0.001). By multivariate analysis, unilateral drainage (p = 0.01) and MUO (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of non-improvement in patients with BOKs.ConclusionsMale gender, old age, MUO, unilateral drainage, and drainage by PCN were significant predictors of non-improvement in SCr after drainage of BOKs. However, unilateral drainage and MUO were the only independent predictors of non-improvement.