bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteolytic Analysis of Epsilon 34 Phage Tailspike protein indicates Partial Sensitivity to Proteinase K
Authors: Ayariga Joseph A. , Villafane Robert 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurified bacteriophage ε34 tailspike protein (ε34 TSP) can bind to Salmonella newington (S. newington) via the binding site of the protein, which is the O antigens of the LPS of the bacterium. We demonstrated else-where that purified ε34 TSP possessed bacteria lytic property on S. newington. The ε34 TSP has been shown via computational prediction to consist of parallel β-helices like that of P22 TSP. These protein moieties are among the simplest repetitive structural elements in proteins. There exist extensive research on the folding behavior of β-helix proteins, which also provides insight on how amyloid fibrils are generated since these proteins consist of similar parallel β-helix motifs. One of the most significantly studied system for investigating protein folding is the from the Salmonella bacteriophage P22. The major component of this protein is a right-handed parallel β-helix with 13 rungs. Initial in silico analysis of the ε34 phage TSP indicates similar structural similarity to the P22 TSP. Our previous studies indicated that despite the similarities of the two proteins, P22 TSP shows higher resistance to proteases (e.g. trypsin) and heat compared to ε34 TSP. In this study we further proof that ε34 TSP is partially sensitive to proteinase K, whereas P22 TSP is completely resistant to this protein. Detailed analysis indicates that specific structural motifs of ε34 TSP is insensitive to the protease, whereas other regions of the protein showed susceptibility to it.
Exploring generality of experimental conformational changes with AlphaFold predictions
Authors: Castellví Albert , Medina Ana , Petrillo Giovanna , Sagmeister Theo , Pavkov-Keller Tea , Govantes Fernando , Diederichs Kay , Sammito Massimo D. , Usón Isabel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStructural predictions have matched the accuracy of experimental structures in the case of close homologues, outperformed docking methods for multimeric complexes and helped sampling the conformational landscape of transporters and receptors. Such successes prompt the question whether predictions can be used to relate experimental structures in the context of available knowledge. LysR-type transcriptional regulators (LTTR) constitute the most common family of bacterial regulators. Intriguingly, their experimental structures are remarkably diverse. The active species, composed of flexible monomers dimerizing through their N- and C-terminal domains in a circular arrangement, differ across LTTR, due to intrinsic sequence differences or because crystals stabilize diverse snapshots of a common dynamic mechanism. We have used AlphaFold2 (AF) to interrogate the experimental AtzR structure in the context of predictions guided towards the different hetero-multimeric conformations known for other LTTR. Our approach drives AF prediction with the structure-based selection of the information input through sequence alignment and template conformation, linked to examination of the energy with PISA and interactions with ALEPH.
Ventral attention network connectivity is linked to cortical maturation and cognitive ability in childhood
Authors: Dong Hao-Ming , Zhang Xi-Han , Labache Loïc , Zhang Shaoshi , Ooi Leon Qi Rong , Yeo B.T. Thomas , Margulies Daniel S. , Holmes Avram J. , Zuo Xi-Nian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe human brain experiences functional changes through childhood and adolescence, shifting from an organizational framework anchored within sensorimotor and visual regions into one that is balanced through interactions with later-maturing aspects of association cortex. Here, we link this profile of functional reorganization to the development of ventral attention network connectivity across independent datasets. We demonstrate that maturational changes in cortical organization preferentially link to within-network connectivity and heightened degree centrality in the ventral attention network, while connectivity within network-linked vertices predicts cognitive ability. This connectivity is closely associated with maturational refinement of cortical organization. Children with low ventral attention network connectivity exhibit adolescent-like topographical profiles, suggesting that attentional systems may be relevant in understanding how brain functions are refined across development. These data suggest a role for attention networks in supporting age-dependent shifts in cortical organization and cognition across childhood and adolescence.
LES predictions of confinement effect on swirling flow generated by single helical axial swirler
Authors: Rajesh Mavuri , R. Sivakumar 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
For higher swirling flows (swirl > 0.5), flow confinement significantly impacts fluid flow, flame stability, flame length and heat transfer, especially when the confinement ratio is less than 9. Past numerical studies on helical axial swirler type systems are limited to non-reacting or reacting flows type Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes closure models, mostly are non-parametric studies. Effects of parametric studies like swirl angle and confinement on the unsteady flow field, either numerical or experimental, are very minimal. The purpose of this paper is to document modeling practices for a large eddy simulation (LES) type grid, predict the confinement effects of a single swirler lean direct injection (LDI) system and validate with literature data.

Design/methodology/approach
The first part of the paper discusses the approach followed for numerical modelling of LES with the minimum number of cells required across critical sections to capture the spectrum of turbulent energy with good accuracy. The numerical model includes all flow developing sections of the LDI swirler, right from the axial setting chamber to the exit of the flame tube, and its length is effectively modelled to match the experimental data. The computational model predicts unsteady features like vortex breakdown bubble, represented by a strong recirculation zone anchored downstream of the fuel nozzle. It is interesting to note that the LES is effective in predicting the secondary recirculation zones in the divergent section as well as at the corners of the tube wall.

Findings
The predictions of a single helical axial swirler with a vane tip angle of 60°, with a duct size of 2 × 2 square inches, are compared with the experimental data at several axial locations as well as with centerline data. Both mean and unsteady turbulent quantities obtained through the numerical simulations are validated with the experimental data (Cai et al., 2005). The methodology is extended to the confinements effect on mean flow characteristics. The time scale and length scale are useful parameters to get the desired results. The results show that with an increase in the confinement ratio, the recirculation length increases proportionally. A sample of three cases has been documented in this paper.

Originality/value
The novelty of the paper is the modelling practices (grid/unsteady models) for a parametric study of LDI are established, and the mean confinement effects are validated with experimental data. The spectrum of turbulent energies is well captured by LES, and trends are aligned with experimental data. The methodology can be extended to reacting flows also to study the effect of swirl angle, fuel injection on aerodynamics, droplet characteristics and emissions.
A coupled implicit material point-finite element method for modeling reinforced materials
Authors: Chihadeh Ahmad , Kaliske Michael 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to introduce a method to couple truss finite elements to the material point method (MPM). It presents modeling reinforced material using MPM and describes how to consider the bond behavior between the reinforcement and the continuum.Design/methodology/approachThe embedded approach is used for coupling reinforcement bars with continuum elements. This description is achieved by coupling continuum elements in the background mesh to the reinforcement bars, which are described using truss- finite elements. The coupling is implemented between the truss elements and the continuum elements in the background mesh through bond elements that allow for freely distributed truss elements independent of the continuum element discretization. The bond elements allow for modeling the bond behavior between the reinforcement and the continuum.FindingsThe paper introduces a novel method to include the reinforcement bars in the MPM applications. The reinforcement bars can be modeled without any constraints with a bond-slip constitutive model being considered.Originality/valueAs modeling of reinforced materials is required in a wide range of applications, a method to include the reinforcement into the MPM framework is required. The proposed approach allows for modeling reinforced material within MPM applications.
Analysis of factors influencing project portfolio benefits with synergy considerations
Authors: Bai Libiao , Qu Xue , Liu Jiale , Han Xiao 
Published: April 2022

PurposeRealizing project portfolio benefits (PPBs) is considered a key challenge faced by enterprises. This challenge can largely be attributed to an unclear understanding of the factors influencing PPBs. However, synergistic relationships create complexity for the management of influencing factors. In response to this dilemma, the objective of this study is to quantitatively investigate the factors influencing PPBs while considering the synergistic effect among factors to provide guidelines for benefits management.Design/methodology/approachThrough an integration of the synergy degree of the composite system model and social network analysis (SNA), a refined model is proposed to explore the factors influencing PPBs. First, a list that includes financial and nonfinancial influencing factors is clarified. Then, the corresponding network links, which represent the synergistic relationships among the factors, are innovatively assessed based on the synergy degree of the composite system. Finally, the influencing factor network is analyzed using both individual and overall indicators of SNA.FindingsThe resulting evidence demonstrates that four critical influencing factors exist, namely, “project managers,” “purchasers,” “development capacity” and “tangible resources.” These factors are relatively important and should be prioritized. Furthermore, the factors are divided into three subgroups: participant, resource and governmental factors. A general observation from the results is that factors that share the same subgroup are more likely to have a synergistic effect advantage, which leads to an increase in PPBs.Originality/valueThe value of this paper lies in its proposition of a quantitative model that can be used to measure and analyze the factors influencing PPBs with synergy considerations. This research contributes to the body of knowledge on benefits management by linking synergy with PPBs. It presents new insights for managers on how PPBs may be effectively managed and promoted from the perspective of influencing factors.
Predicting employee turnover using financial indicators in the pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Awwad Mohammad Suleiman , Heyari Haya Ibrahim 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThis study aimed at investigating the impact of some financial indicators (salary competitiveness, employee productivity, company performance and company size), disclosed in the annual financial reports, on employee turnover in Jordanian pharmaceutical companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE).Design/methodology/approachA longitudinal design with cross-sectional time-series (panel) data from annual financial reports of six Jordanian pharmaceutical companies, listed on the ASE for the period 2009–2018, was used to measure employees’ turnover and its precedents quantitively. The panel data of 160 observations (six companies with ten-time periods) were analyzed using STATA 15.0 to achieve study objectives.FindingsContrary to what is expected, the results showed that salary competitiveness does not affect employee turnover, and employee productivity positively affects employee turnover. In contrast, the results of this study supported the widespread belief that company performance and size negatively affect employee turnover.Research limitations/implicationsThis study does not address voluntary and mandatory turnover because it is very difficult to distinguish the two types based on financial reports. Also, other important variables (medical expenses, training expenses, etc.), which can affect employee turnover are not disclosed in the financial reports of all pharmaceutical companies due to the lack of uniform financial reporting standards.Practical implicationsPharmaceutical companies should not focus on salaries to attract and retain employees but rather provide them with a distinct set of other benefits including salaries. Also, it should try to reduce the workload of employees by increasing their number to the extent that it does not constitute an additional burden on other employees.Originality/valueThis is the first attempt, according to a literature review, to measure employee turnover and its antecedents based on financial indicators disclosed in the pharmaceutical companies’ annual financial reports.
The evolutive dimension of conflict resolution: contributions from behavioral sciences and the analysis of animal behavior to inquiries about peace
Authors: Ávila Hernández Ángela Karina 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is return to some findings and approaches typical of behavioral sciences and evolutionary anthropology that will allow us to link the process of self-domestication that can be seen in our evolutionary past, the primate tendency to enter into conflicts through patterns of signal exchange rather than direct aggressions, and the development of the persuasive dimension of language, with the possible evolutionary origin of both cultural violence and structural violence.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach has been, at all times, multidisciplinary insofar as it has sought to elucidate how the inquiries made from the behavioral sciences can help to understand human violence.

Findings
What was found is the possibility of understanding conflicts as a mechanism of evolutionary pressure that has been involved not only in social restructuring but also in the evolutionary origin of the human being.

Research limitations/implications
More empirical evidence should be found in this regard.

Originality/value
This study is a multidisciplinary approach that seeks to understand both the phenomenon of violence and peace from an evolutionary perspective.
Financial stability and monetary policy of the Central Bank of West African Countries: a Markov-Switching model
Authors: Houngbédji Honoré Sèwanoundé , Bassongui Nassibou 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the response of monetary policy to financial instability in the West African Economic and Monetary Union.Design/methodology/approachThrough annual aggregated data from 1970 to 2019, the empirical strategy is based on the Markov regime-switching model with fixed probabilities.FindingsThe results revealed that the monetary policy of the central bank of the West African Economic and Monetary Union is characterized by two regimes (calm and distress) with respect to the trend of financial stability. The authors also found that the occurrence of the calm regime was likely greater than that of the distress regime. In addition, the calm regime is longer than the distress regime. The authors finally revealed that the central bank reacts to financial instability risk by increasing its short-term interest rate when financial instability reaches a threshold.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of this study is the unavailability of monthly or quarterly data that are more suitable for the methodological approach adopted.Originality/valueThis study is the one to estimate the response of the Central Bank of West African Countries to financial stress using a novel approach based on the Markov-Switching regression.
Cost–benefit analysis to appraise technical mitigation options for earthquake-induced liquefaction disaster events
Authors: Wanigarathna Nadeeshani , Jones Keith , Pascale Federica , Morga Mariantonietta , Meslem Abdelghani 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Recent earthquake-induced liquefaction events and associated losses have increased researchers’ interest into liquefaction risk reduction interventions. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there was no scholarly literature related to an economic appraisal of these risk reduction interventions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the issues in applying cost–benefit analysis (CBA) principles to the evaluation of technical mitigations to reduce earthquake-induced liquefaction risk.

Design/methodology/approach
CBA has been substantially used for risk mitigation option appraisal for a number of hazard threats. Previous literature in the form of systematic reviews, individual research and case studies, together with liquefaction risk and loss modelling literature, was used to develop a theoretical model of CBA for earthquake-induced liquefaction mitigation interventions. The model was tested using a scenario in a two-day workshop.

Findings
Because liquefaction risk reduction techniques are relatively new, there is limited damage modelling and cost data available for use within CBAs. As such end users need to make significant assumptions when linking the results of technical investigations of damage to built-asset performance and probabilistic loss modelling resulting in many potential interventions being not cost-effective for low-impact disasters. This study questions whether a probabilistic approach should really be applied to localised rapid onset events like liquefaction, arguing that a deterministic approach for localised knowledge and context would be a better base for the cost-effectiveness mitigation interventions.

Originality/value
This paper makes an original contribution to literature through a critical review of CBA approaches applied to disaster mitigation interventions. Further, this paper identifies challenges and limitations of applying probabilistic based CBA models to localised rapid onset disaster events where human losses are minimal and historic data is sparse; challenging researchers to develop new deterministic based approaches that use localised knowledge and context to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of mitigation interventions.
What role does generic strategy play in how managers adapt their aspirations in response to performance feedback?
Authors: Ruckman Karen , Blettner Daniela 
Published: April 2022

PurposeWhen managers set aspirations for their firms, they typically compare their own firms' performance to past aspirations as well as to the performance of social reference groups. The authors explore how firm generic strategy affects managers' adaptation of firm aspirations in response to feedback from three social reference groups that vary in terms of breadth (population average, strategic group, and one direct rival).Design/methodology/approachThe authors propose that firm generic strategy (low-cost or differentiation) functions as an organizational information filter through with managers interpret performance feedback. The authors test for whether generic strategy has a moderating effect on the influence of performance feedback from social reference groups.FindingsBased on a longitudinal sample of US airlines, the study shows that all firms are influenced most strongly by their strategic groups. Low-cost and differentiation generic strategies differ in terms of which social reference group motivates a larger reaction when overperforming: low-cost firms are more influenced by the population average which is contributed to by the entire industry than are differentiating firms, while differentiating firms are more swayed by the narrow focus of their direct rivals than are low-cost firms.Originality/valueAlthough firm strategy represents a core decision at the firm level, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, performance feedback research, surprisingly, has not yet integrated generic strategy into its models.
Technology on the move, Consumer Electronics Show 2022: the evolving metaverse and much more
Authors: Kesselman Martin A. , Esquivel Wilson 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to showcase exciting new technology products coming to the marketplace.

Design/methodology/approach
The conference report was written by LHTN Editor on CES2022, forecasting new technology trends and products of interest to librarians and others.

Findings
Several new products and trends are featured in this conference report.

Originality/value
Original review from attending the CES2020 conference in Janurary 2022.
Mobilising management control systems to support sustainability strategy in SMEs: the case of a waste disposal firm
Authors: Cavicchi Caterina , Oppi Chiara , Vagnoni Emidia 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The extent to which sustainability is integrated into conventional accounting practices, in the light of a more integrated thinking perspective, requires further exploration. This paper aims to investigate how management control systems (MCSs) and sustainability-specific control systems (SCSs) are mobilised and how they interact to support the environmental sustainability strategy of a small- and medium-sized entity (SME).

Design/methodology/approach
Through a case study in a waste disposal firm, this paper examines the influence of cognitive, organisational and technical factors on the interaction and integration of MCSs and SCSs to bolster an environmental sustainability strategy.

Findings
The MCSs that are mobilised vary according to the type of strategy that is pursued. Even though the technical integration of MCSs with SCSs was not achieved, interaction between them supported strategic decision-making and the pursuit of environmental performance in the light of a more integrated thinking perspective. The role of multidisciplinary teams formed by accountants and environmental scientists to support sustainability management control at the SME also enabled interaction and provided steps for integrated thinking.

Practical implications
Although based on single case study, this research offers practitioners useful knowledge about the potential levers and obstacles relating to the mobilisation of MCSs when a sustainability strategy is conceived and its impact on the development of integrated thinking.

Originality/value
The paper provides insight into how SMEs can mobilise their MCSs to support an environmental sustainability strategy, shedding light on the factors that enhance interaction among MCSs and SCSs.
Rayleigh-type surface waves in a thermally conducting mixture of an elastic solid and a Newtonian fluid
Authors: Singla Himanshu , Singh Baljeet 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the propagation characteristics of the Rayleigh-type surface wave in a thermally conducting mixture of an elastic solid and a Newtonian fluid by applying the mixture theory.Design/methodology/approachThe governing equations are formulated in context of both Green–Lindsay (G-L) and Lord–Shulman (L-S) theories of generalized thermoelasticity. The specialized governing equations in a plane are solved by using the traditional approach, and a dispersion equation of the Rayleigh surface wave is obtained.FindingsA program in MATLAB software is developed to solve the dispersion equation. The numerical results demonstrate a significant dependence of the wave speed and the attenuation coefficient of the Rayleigh wave on the frequency and porosity.Originality/valueThe problem considered on Rayleigh wave on the surface of a half-space containing a thermally conducting mixture is not studied in the literature yet. The theoretical and numerical findings of the study will guide the experimental scientists while finding applications in various engineering fields.