bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex-specific differences in bone mineral density loss after sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Yang Di , Ye Yafen , Tu Yinfang , Xu Rongrong , Xiao Yunfeng , Zhang Hongwei , Liu Weijie , Zhang Pin , Yu Haoyong , Bao Yuqian , Han Junfeng 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSleeve gastrectomy is an effective bariatric procedure; however, sleeve gastrectomy-related adverse skeletal outcomes have been increasingly reported. High levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) have been documented to be a risk factor of bone mineral density (BMD) loss with different effects observed between sexes. The aim of this study was to identify sex-specific changes in BMD following sleeve gastrectomy and to evaluate the role of SHBG in this process.MethodsThis retrospective study included 19 middle-aged men and 30 non-menopausal women with obesity who underwent sleeve gastrectomy in China. Anthropometrics, bone turnover markers, calciotropic hormones, BMD, SHBG, and gonadal steroids were measured preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Longitudinal changes in BMD, bone turnover markers and SHBG were compared between sexes by linear mixed models. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of BMD loss at the investigated bone sites.ResultsOver the 12-month study period, total hip and femoral neck BMD decreased, while lumbar spine BMD remained largely unchanged in both sexes. Linear mixed models revealed significant sex × time interaction effects in total hip BMD and SHBG, showing that men had a significantly greater reduction in total hip BMD and less increase in SHBG after sleeve gastrectomy than women. In the multivariate model, SHBG was significantly associated with total hip BMD loss in men (adjusted β = −0.533, P = 0.019) but not women while total estrogen was significantly associated with total hip BMD loss in women (adjusted β = 0.508, P = 0.01) but not men.ConclusionSignificant sex-specific BMD changes were observed after sleeve gastrectomy in the current study. Sleeve gastrectomy-related increase in SHBG may be a specific risk factor for total hip BMD loss in men. Our results indicate that sex-specific screening may be warranted to facilitate personalized postoperative bone care in this population.
Nutrition and sarcopenia: Current knowledge domain and emerging trends
Authors: Huang Huanhuan , Chen Zhiyu , Chen Lijuan , Cao Songmei , Bai Dingqun , Xiao Qian , Xiao Mingzhao , Zhao Qinghua 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveNon-pharmacological management like nutrient supplements has shown positive impacts on muscle mass and strength, which has burgeoned clinical and research interest internationally. The aim of this study was to analyze the current knowledge domain and emerging trends of nutrition-related research in sarcopenia and provide implications for future research and strategies to prevent or manage sarcopenia in the context of aging societies.Materials and methodsNutrition- and sarcopenia-related research were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database from its inception to April 1, 2022. Performance analysis, science mapping, and thematic clustering were performed by using the software VOSviewer and R package “bibliometrix.” Bibliometric analysis (BA) guideline was applied in this study.ResultsA total of 8,110 publications were extracted and only 7,510 (92.60%) were selected for final analysis. The production trend in nutrition and sarcopenia research was promising, and 1,357 journals, 107 countries, 6,668 institutions, and 31,289 authors were identified in this field till 2021. Stable cooperation networks have formed in the field, but they are mostly divided by region and research topics. Health and sarcopenia, metabolism and nutrition, nutrition and exercise, body compositions, and physical performance were the main search themes.ConclusionsThis study provides health providers and scholars mapped out a comprehensive basic knowledge structure in the research in the field of nutrition and sarcopenia over the past 30 years. This study could help them quickly grasp research hotspots and choose future research projects.
Quantification of the pulmonary vascular obstruction index on ventilation/perfusion lung scintigraphy: Comparison of a segmental visual scoring to the Meyer score
Authors: Le Pennec Romain , Tromeur Cécile , Orione Charles , Robin Philippe , Le Mao Raphaël , Gut-Gobert Christophe , Le Gal Grégoire , Salaün Pierre Yves , Le Roux Pierre Yves 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionQuantifying the pulmonary vascular obstruction index (PVOI) is essential for the management of patients with pulmonary embolism or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The reference method for quantifying the PVOI with planar lung ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scintigraphy is the Meyer score, which was validated using pulmonary angiography as a reference standard. However, it is complex to use in daily practice. In contrast, a rapid and fast quantification method consists in estimating the PVOI based on the number of segmental perfusion defects. However, the accuracy of this method has never been evaluated. In this study, we aimed to compare PVOI quantification on planar V/Q scintigraphy assessed by a segmental visual scoring (SVS) to the Meyer score.Materials and methodsThe eligible study population consisted of consecutive patients who underwent planar V/Q scan for CTEPH screening. A central review was performed by three nuclear medicine physicians. PVOI was assessed by summing the number of segmental perfusion defects or equivalent (2 sub-segments = 1 segment = 5%) and by Meyer’s method. The two interpretations were performed 6 months apart. A Spearman rank correlation coefficient was calculated to evaluate correlation between the two measurement methods. An intra-class correlation (ICC) was calculated to assess agreement. A Bland et Altman plot analysis was used to evaluate agreement between the two measurements.ResultsA total of 226 V/Q scans were interpreted. Spearman rank correlation coefficient between SVS and Meyer was 0.963 (95%CI 0.952–0.971) for mismatched perfusion defects and 0.963 (95%CI 0.953–0.972) for perfusion defects regardless of ventilation. Intra-class correlation (ICC) for agreement was 0.978 (95%CI 0.972–0.983) for mismatched perfusion defects and 0.968 (95%CI 0.959–0.976) for perfusion defects regardless of ventilation. In Bland &amp; Altmann analysis, the mean difference between the SVS method and the Meyer score was 0.42 and 0.61 for the mismatched or matched evaluation, respectively.ConclusionOur study shows a high correlation, and low differences in PVOI quantification when using a segmental visual scoring (SVS) as compared to the Meyer score. The SVS has the great advantage to be easy and rapid to apply in daily practice.
Abundance of selected bacterial groups in healthy calves and calves developing diarrhea during the first week of life: Are there differences before the manifestation of clinical symptoms?
Authors: Schwaiger Karin , Storch Julia , Bauer Christoph , Bauer Johann 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundDiarrhea is still the most common and economically most significant disease of newborn calves.ObjectiveAnalysis of the development of selected bacterial groups in the feces of neonatal calves and its significance regarding diarrhea.AnimalsA total of 150 newborn Simmental calves reared in 13 Bavarian farms were included in the study.MethodsFecal samples of calves taken at 0/6/12/24/48/72/168 hours (h) since birth were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, such as Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli, enterococci, and lactobacilli, using cultural, biochemical, and molecular-biological methods. Concurrently, the health status of the animals was recorded. The bacterial levels of healthy and diarrheic animals were compared using statistical methods. In addition, feces samples from calves that developed diarrhea were examined by ELISA for the presence of rotaviruses, coronaviruses, E. coli F5, and Cryptosporidium (Cr.) parvum.ResultsFifty-seven out of 150 calves (37.3 %) that were examined developed diarrhea within the first week of life. In the feces of calves with diarrhea on day 1 of life, the levels of aerobes, Enterobacteriaceae, and E. coli were significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05), while no significant differences in enterococci and lactobacilli were found. In animals with the onset of diarrhea on day 2 after birth, the load of lactobacilli was significantly reduced up to 24 h before the manifestation of clinical symptoms compared to healthy calves. For enterococci, this was only the case on the day of the onset of diarrhea. In addition, the ratios of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae or E. coli to lactobacilli, of calves with diarrhea starting on day 2 after birth are significantly higher than those of healthy calves. The detection frequency of specific pathogens in diarrheic calves increased over the first week of life.ConclusionThe results suggest that the incidence of neonatal diarrhea in calves is favored by low levels of lactobacilli in the feces. From this, the hypothesis can be derived that, in addition to an optimal supply of colostrum, the earliest possible administration of lactobacilli might reduce neonatal diarrhea in calves. However, this must be verified in a subsequent feeding experiment.
Calcineurin-NFAT dynamics correspond to cardiac remodeling during aortic banding and debanding, mimicking aortic valve replacement
Authors: Lunde Ida G. , Skrbic Biljana , Sjaastad Ivar , Christensen Geir , Carlson Cathrine R. , Tønnessen Theis 
Published: October 2022

Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is a major health problem. Extensive myocardial remodeling increases operative risk and might lead to incomplete reverse remodeling with persistent symptoms after aortic valve replacement (AVR); this makes the optimal timing of AVR a clinical challenge. The pathogenesis behind incomplete reverse remodeling is unclear. Central among signaling pathways in the remodeling heart is the pro-hypertrophic Ca2+-activated calcineurin and its downstream nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFATc1-c4) transcription factors. We investigated calcineurin-NFATc dynamics in patient and mouse hearts during remodeling and reverse remodeling. Myocardial biopsies were obtained from AS patients during AVR and left ventricles harvested from mice subjected to aortic banding (AB) and debanding (DB). The transcript and protein of the NFATc-responsive gene regulator of calcineurin 1-4 (RCAN1-4) and luciferase activity in NFAT-luciferase mice were used as read-outs for calcineurin-NFATc activity. Calcineurin-NFATc activation was sustained through AB 24 h to 18 weeks and elevated in AS patients. All four NFATc isoforms were elevated in AS, while NFATc4 was persistently elevated during chronic remodeling after AB in mice. NFAT activation remained reversible when 1 week’s AB was followed by 1 week's DB and accompanied functional improvement. However, when DB for 1 week followed AB for 4 weeks, NFAT activation was not reversed. In conclusion, calcineurin-NFAT dynamics correspond with cardiac remodeling and reverse remodeling during experimental AB and DB. Our data suggest that calcineurin-NFATc attenuation is important for reverse remodeling and outcomes after AVR for AS.
Models predict change in plasma triglyceride concentrations and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid proportions in healthy participants after fish oil intervention
Authors: Potter Tilly I. T. , Horgan Graham W. , Wanders Anne J. , Zandstra Elizabeth H. , Zock Peter L. , Fisk Helena L. , Minihane Anne M. , Calder Philip C. , Mathers John C. , de Roos Baukje 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionSubstantial response heterogeneity is commonly seen in dietary intervention trials. In larger datasets, this variability can be exploited to identify predictors, for example genetic and/or phenotypic baseline characteristics, associated with response in an outcome of interest.ObjectiveUsing data from a placebo-controlled crossover study (the FINGEN study), supplementing with two doses of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs), the primary goal of this analysis was to develop models to predict change in concentrations of plasma triglycerides (TG), and in the plasma phosphatidylcholine (PC) LC n-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), after fish oil (FO) supplementation. A secondary goal was to establish if clustering of data prior to FO supplementation would lead to identification of groups of participants who responded differentially.MethodsTo generate models for the outcomes of interest, variable selection methods (forward and backward stepwise selection, LASSO and the Boruta algorithm) were applied to identify suitable predictors. The final model was chosen based on the lowest validation set root mean squared error (RMSE) after applying each method across multiple imputed datasets. Unsupervised clustering of data prior to FO supplementation was implemented using k-medoids and hierarchical clustering, with cluster membership compared with changes in plasma TG and plasma PC EPA + DHA.ResultsModels for predicting response showed a greater TG-lowering after 1.8 g/day EPA + DHA with lower pre-intervention levels of plasma insulin, LDL cholesterol, C20:3n-6 and saturated fat consumption, but higher pre-intervention levels of plasma TG, and serum IL-10 and VCAM-1. Models also showed greater increases in plasma PC EPA + DHA with age and female sex. There were no statistically significant differences in PC EPA + DHA and TG responses between baseline clusters.ConclusionOur models established new predictors of response in TG (plasma insulin, LDL cholesterol, C20:3n-6, saturated fat consumption, TG, IL-10 and VCAM-1) and in PC EPA + DHA (age and sex) upon intervention with fish oil. We demonstrate how application of statistical methods can provide new insights for precision nutrition, by predicting participants who are most likely to respond beneficially to nutritional interventions.
Predictive value of baseline metabolic tumor burden on 18F-FDG PET/CT for brain metastases in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Shang Jingjie , You Huimin , Dong Chenchen , Li Yingxin , Cheng Yong , Tang Yongjin , Guo Bin , Gong Jian , Ling Xueying , Xu Hao 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesBrain metastases (BMs) are a major cause leading to the failure of treatment management for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of baseline metabolic tumor burden on 18F-FDG PET/CT measured with metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) for brain metastases (BMs) development in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after treatment.MethodsForty-seven patients with stage IIB-IIIC NSCLC who underwent baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations were retrospectively reviewed. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), MTV, and TLG of the primary tumor (SUVmaxT, MTVT, and TLGT), metastatic lymph nodes (SUVmaxN, MTVN, and TLGN), and whole-body tumors (SUVmaxWB, MTVWB, and TLGWB) were measured. The optimal cut-off values of PET parameters to predict brain metastasis-free survival were obtained using Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and the predictive value of clinical variables and PET parameters were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.ResultsThe median follow-up duration was 25.0 months for surviving patients, and 13 patients (27.7%) developed BM. The optimal cut-off values were 21.1 mL and 150.0 g for MTVT and TLGT, 20.0, 10.9 mL and 55.6 g for SUVmaxN, MTVN and TLGN, and 27.9, 27.4 mL and 161.0 g for SUVmaxWB, MTVWB and TLGWB, respectively. In the Cox proportional hazards models, the risk of BM was significantly associated with MTVN and MTVWB or TLGN and TLGWB after adjusting for histological cell type, N stage, SUVmaxN, and SUVmaxWB.ConclusionsBaseline metabolic tumor burden (MTV and TLG) evaluated from the level of metastatic lymph nodes and whole-body tumors are significant predictive factors for BM development in patients with locally advanced NSCLC.
Establishment of a prognostic nomogram for patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma incorporating clinical characteristics and dynamic changes in hematological and inflammatory markers
Authors: Liu Qin , Ma Lingyu , Ma Huangrong , Yang Li , Xu Zhiyuan 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThis study aims to investigate the prognostic value of changes in hematological and inflammatory markers during induction chemotherapy (IC) and concurrent chemo-radiation (CCRT), thus construct nomograms to predict progression free survival (PFS) of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC).Methods130 patients were included in this prospective analysis. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses were conducted to identify prognostic factors. Three multivariate analyses integrating different groups of variables were conducted independently. Concordance indexes (c-index), calibration plots and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to evaluate the nomograms. Bootstrap validation was performed to determine the accuracy of the nomogram using 1000 resamples. The performances of proposed nomograms and TNM staging system were compared to validate the prognostic value of hematological and inflammatory markers.ResultsPretreatment gross tumor volume of nodal disease (GTVn), Δe/bHGB (hemoglobin count at end of treatment/baseline hemoglobin count), and stage were selected as predictors for 3-year PFS in first multivariate analysis of clinical factors. The second multivariate analysis of clinical factors and all hematological variables demonstrated that ΔminLYM (minimum lymphocyte count during CCRT/lymphocyte count post-IC), pretreatment GTVn and stage were associated with 3-year PFS. Final multivariate analysis, incorporating all clinical factors, hematological variables and inflammatory markers, identified the following prognostic factors: pretreatment GTVn, stage, ΔmaxPLR (maximum platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) during CCRT/PLR post-IC), and ΔminPLT (minimum platelet count during CCRT/platelet count post-IC). Calibration plots showed agreement between the PFS predicted by the nomograms and actual PFS. Kaplan–Meier curves demonstrated that patients in the high-risk group had shorter PFS than those in the low-risk group (P ≤ 0.001). The c-indexes of the three nomograms for PFS were 0.742 (95% CI, 0.639-0.846), 0.766 (95% CI, 0.661-0.871) and 0.815 (95% CI,0.737-0.893) respectively, while c-index of current TNM staging system was 0.633 (95% CI, 0.531-0.736).ConclusionWe developed and validated a nomogram for predicting PFS in patients with LANPC who received induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemo-radiation. Our study confirmed the prognostic value of dynamic changes in hematological and inflammatory markers. The proposed nomogram outperformed the current TNM staging system in predicting PFS, facilitating risk stratification and guiding individualized treatment plans.
Counterclockwise modular laparoscopic anatomical mesohepatectomy using combined glissonean pedicle (Takasaki approach) and hepatic vein-guided approaches
Authors: Zhao Zonglei , Lyu Xiaotong , Lyu Xiaoqin , Kong Lingqun , Zhao Baolei , Zhu Wentao , Wei Qiang , Lin Xutao , Cao Xuefeng , Zhang Xingyuan 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAlthough laparoscopic anatomical hepatectomy (LAH) is widely adopted today, laparoscopic anatomic mesohepatectomy (LAMH) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains technically challenging.MethodsIn this study, 6 patients suffering from solitary liver tumors located in the middle lobe of the liver underwent counterclockwise modular LAMH using combined Glissonean pedicle (Takasaki approach) and hepatic vein-guided approaches. In this process, the Glissonean pedicle approach (Takasaki approach) was first used to transect the liver pedicles of segment right anterior (G58) and segment 4 (G4). Second, the hepatic vein-guided approach was performed along the umbilical fissure vein (UFV) to sever the liver parenchyma from the caudal to cranial direction, and the middle hepatic vein (MHV) and anterior fissure vein (AFV) were then disconnected at the root. Last, the hepatic vein-guided approach was once more performed along the ventral side of the right hepatic vein (RHV) to transect the liver parenchyma from the cranial to anterior direction, and the middle lobe of the liver, including the tumor, was removed completely. The entire process was applied in a counterclockwise fashion, and the exposure or transection sequence was G58, and G4, followed by UFV, MHV, AFV, and finally, the liver parenchyma along the ventral side of RHV.ResultsThe counterclockwise modular LAMH using combined Glissonean pedicle (Takasaki approach) and hepatic vein-guided approaches was feasible in all 6 cases. The median duration of the operation was 275 ± 35.07 min, and the mean estimated blood loss was 283.33 ml. All of the 6 patients recovered smoothly. The Clavien-Dindo Grade I-II complications rate was up to 33.33%, mainly characterized by postoperative pain and a small amount of ascites. No Clavien-Dindo Grade III-V complications occurred, and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 6.83 ± 1.47 days. Follow-up results showed that the average disease-free survival (DFS) was 12.17 months, and the 21-months OS rate, DFS rate and tumor recurrent rate were 100%, 83.33% and 16.67% respectively. ConclusionsCounterclockwise modular LAMH using combined Glissonean pedicle (Takasaki approach) and hepatic vein-guided approaches takes the advantages of the two approaches, is a novel protocol for LAMH. It is thought to be technically feasible for patients with a centrally located solitary HCC. The oncologic feasibility of this technique needs to be investigated based on long-term follow-up. A multicenter, large-scale, more careful study is necessary.
Randomized phase II study of TX followed by XELOX versus the reverse sequence for chemo-naive patients with metastatic gastric cancer
Authors: Zhao Xiao-Yin , Liu Xin , Li Wen-Hua , Qiu Li-Xin , Huang Ming-Zhu , Wang Chen-Chen , Chen Zhi-Yu , Zhang Wen , Feng Wan-Jing , Guo Wei-Jian , Zhu Xiaodong 
Published: October 2022

This research found that the clinical outcomes (PFS, ORR, OS) of the non-platinum-based doublet regimen (docetaxel capecitabine combination) were similar to those of the platinum-based (oxaliplatin capecitabine combination) when used as first line therapy for MGC patients.BackgroundDocetaxel, platinum and fluorouracil are the three most important drugs in the treatment of MGC. This study was to compare clinical outcomes of the docetaxel capecitabine combination and the oxaliplatin capecitabine combination as first-line therapy in MGC patients.MethodsIn this phase II trial, MGC patients were randomly assigned and treated with either TX (capecitabine 1000 mg/m2/twice daily/1-14 days and docetaxel 60/75 mg/m2 on the 1st day) (because of toxicity, the dose of docetaxel was reduced to 60 mg/m2) or XELOX (capecitabine the same dose with TX and oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 on the 1st day) as first-line therapy. After progression, patients were crossover to the other group as second-line treatment.ResultsTotal 134 MGC patients were randomized (69 in TX, 65 in XELOX). There was no significant difference between the PFS of the two groups (TX vs XELOX, 4.6 months vs 5.1 months, p=0.359), and the SFS (9.3 months vs 7.5 months, p=0.705), OS (13.1 months vs 9.6 months, p=0.261), and ORR (46.4% vs 46.2%) were also similar. Among patients with ascites, the TX group had significantly longer PFS and OS than the XELOX group. A total of 85 patients (48 in TX, 37 in XELOX) received second-line treatment, with overall survival of second-line chemotherapy (OS2) of 8.0 m and 5.3 m (p=0.046), respectively. Grade 3 to 4 treatment-related adverse events of first line treatment occurred more in TX group than that in XELOX group(60.6% vs 55.4%).ConclusionTX regimen is an alternative choice of first-line treatment for MGC patients. We still need to explore the large number of cohort to confirm this results.