bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent pain and long-term physical and mental conditions and their association with psychological well-being; data from 10,744 individuals from the Lolland-Falster health study
Authors: Tang Lars H , Andreasson Karen H , Thygesen Lau C , Jepsen Randi , Møller Anne , Skou Søren T 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Persistent pain (PP) and long-term conditions are all associated with psychological well-being. Less is known about their associations with reduced psychological well-being when co-occurring. We investigated how PP and long-term physical and mental conditions relate to psychological well-being when occurring together. Method Data collected in the Danish population-based Lolland-Falster Health study were used in this cross-sectional study. Participants aged ≥18 years completing questions concerning PP, long-term conditions and psychological well-being were included. PP and long-term conditions were defined as conditions lasting 6 months or longer. Psychological well-being was assessed by the World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Multiple linear regression investigated combinations of PP and physical and mental long-term conditions and their associations with WHO-5. Results Of 11,711 participants, 10,744 had available data. One third had PP ( n = 3250), while 6144 (57%), 213 (2%) and 946 (9%) reported having only physical conditions, only mental conditions or both, respectively. All combinations of PP and long-term conditions were negatively associated with WHO-5. PP in combination with mental (−23.1 (95% CI −28.3 to −17.8)) or both physical and mental conditions (−25.1 (−26.7 to −23.52) yielded the strongest negative associations. Two or more pain sites together with long-term physical and mental conditions was associated with a lower WHO-5 score (−6.2 (−8.9 to −3.5) compared to none or one pain site. Conclusion The presence of PP and long-term conditions, in particular mental conditions, were strongly associated with worse psychological well-being. This highlights the importance of assessing psychological well-being in individuals with PP and long-term conditions.
The identification and prediction of frailty based on Bayesian network analysis in a community-dwelling older population
Authors: Yuan Yin , Lin Siyang , Huang Xiaoming , Li Na , Zheng Jiaxin , Huang Feng , Zhu Pengli 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
We have witnessed frailty, which characterized by a decline in physiological reserves, become a major public health issue in older adults. Understanding the influential factors associated with frailty may help prevent or if possible reverse frailty. The present study aimed to investigate factors associated with frailty status and frailty transition in a community-dwelling older population.

Methods
A prospective cohort study on community-dwelling subjects aged ≥ 60 years was conducted, which was registered beforehand (ChiCTR 2,000,032,949). Participants who had completed two visits during 2020–2021 were included. Frailty status was evaluated using the Fried frailty phenotype. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was applied for variable selection. Bayesian network analysis with the max-min hill-climbing (MMHC) algorithm was used to identify factors related to frailty status and frailty transition.

Results
Of 1,981 subjects at baseline, 1,040 (52.5%) and 165 (8.33%) were classified as prefrailty and frailty. After one year, improved, stable, and worsening frailty status was observed in 460 (35.6%), 526 (40.7%), and 306 (23.7%) subjects, respectively. Based on the variables screened by LASSO regression, the Bayesian network structure suggested that age, nutritional status, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), balance capacity, and social support were directly related to frailty status. The probability of developing frailty is 14.4% in an individual aged ≥ 71 years, which increases to 20.2% and 53.2% if the individual has balance impairment alone, or combined with IADL disability and malnutrition. At a longitudinal level, ADL/IADL decline was a direct predictor of worsening in frailty state, which further increased the risk of hospitalization. Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels were related to malnutrition, and further had impacts on ADL/IADL decline, and ultimately led to the worsening of the frailty state. Knowing the status of any one or more of these factors can be used to infer the risk of frailty based on conditional probabilities.

Conclusion
Older age, malnutrition, IADL disability, and balance impairment are important factors for identifying frailty. Malnutrition and ADL/IADL decline further predict worsening of the frailty state.
Evaluation of multi-assay algorithms for cross-sectional HIV incidence estimation in settings with universal antiretroviral treatment
Authors: Grant-McAuley Wendy , Laeyendecker Oliver , Monaco Daniel , Chen Athena , Hudelson Sarah E. , Klock Ethan , Brookmeyer Ron , Morrison Douglas , Piwowar-Manning Estelle , Morrison Charles S. , Hayes Richard , Ayles Helen , Bock Peter , Kosloff Barry , Shanaube Kwame , Mandla Nomtha , van Deventer Anneen , Ruczinski Ingo , Kammers Kai , Larman H. Benjamin , Eshleman Susan H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Multi-assay algorithms (MAAs) are used to estimate population-level HIV incidence and identify individuals with recent infection. Many MAAs use low viral load (VL) as a biomarker for long-term infection. This could impact incidence estimates in settings with high rates of early HIV treatment initiation. We evaluated the performance of two MAAs that do not include VL.

Methods
Samples were collected from 219 seroconverters (infected < 1 year) and 4376 non-seroconverters (infected > 1 year) in the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial; 28.8% of seroconverter samples and 73.2% of non-seroconverter samples had VLs ≤ 400 copies/mL. Samples were tested with the Limiting Antigen Avidity assay (LAg) and JHU BioRad-Avidity assays. Antibody reactivity to two HIV peptides was measured using the MSD U-PLEX assay. Two MAAs were evaluated that do not include VL: a MAA that includes the LAg-Avidity assay and BioRad-Avidity assay (LAg + BR) and a MAA that includes the LAg-Avidity assay and two peptide biomarkers (LAg + PepPair). Performance of these MAAs was compared to a widely used MAA that includes LAg and VL (LAg + VL).

Results
The incidence estimate for LAg + VL (1.29%, 95% CI: 0.97–1.62) was close to the observed longitudinal incidence (1.34% 95% CI: 1.17–1.53). The incidence estimates for the other two MAAs were higher (LAg + BR: 2.56%, 95% CI 2.01–3.11; LAg + PepPair: 2.84%, 95% CI: 1.36–4.32). LAg + BR and LAg + PepPair also misclassified more individuals infected > 2 years as recently infected than LAg + VL (1.2% [42/3483 and 1.5% [51/3483], respectively, vs. 0.2% [6/3483]). LAg + BR classified more seroconverters as recently infected than LAg + VL or LAg + PepPair (80 vs. 58 and 50, respectively) and identified ~ 25% of virally suppressed seroconverters as recently infected.

Conclusions
The LAg + VL MAA produced a cross-sectional incidence estimate that was closer to the longitudinal estimate than two MAAs that did not include VL. The LAg + BR MAA classified the greatest number of individual seroconverters as recently infected but had a higher false recent rate.
A deep learning approach for automated diagnosis of pulmonary embolism on computed tomographic pulmonary angiography
Authors: Ajmera Pranav , Kharat Amit , Seth Jitesh , Rathi Snehal , Pant Richa , Gawali Manish , Kulkarni Viraj , Maramraju Ragamayi , Kedia Isha , Botchu Rajesh , Khaladkar Sanjay 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the diagnostic standard for confirming pulmonary embolism (PE). Since PE is a life-threatening condition, early diagnosis and treatment are critical to avoid PE-associated morbidity and mortality. However, PE remains subject to misdiagnosis.

Methods
We retrospectively identified 251 CTPAs performed at a tertiary care hospital between January 2018 to January 2021. The scans were classified as positive (n = 55) and negative (n = 196) for PE based on the annotations made by board-certified radiologists. A fully anonymized CT slice served as input for the detection of PE by the 2D segmentation model comprising U-Net architecture with Xception encoder. The diagnostic performance of the model was calculated at both the scan and the slice levels.

Results
The model correctly identified 44 out of 55 scans as positive for PE and 146 out of 196 scans as negative for PE with a sensitivity of 0.80 [95% CI 0.68, 0.89], a specificity of 0.74 [95% CI 0.68, 0.80], and an accuracy of 0.76 [95% CI 0.70, 0.81]. On slice level, 4817 out of 5183 slices were marked as positive for the presence of emboli with a specificity of 0.89 [95% CI 0.88, 0.89], a sensitivity of 0.93 [95% CI 0.92, 0.94], and an accuracy of 0.89 [95% CI 0.887, 0.890]. The model also achieved an AUROC of 0.85 [0.78, 0.90] and 0.94 [0.936, 0.941] at scan level and slice level, respectively for the detection of PE.

Conclusion
The development of an AI model and its use for the identification of pulmonary embolism will support healthcare workers by reducing the rate of missed findings and minimizing the time required to screen the scans.
Maternal psychological distress in the early postpartum period during COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study
Authors: Wang Yao-Sheng , Cheng Wen-Hsin , Chen I-Lun , Huang Hsin-Chun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 infection (COVID-19) pandemic is a new global outbreak disease. According to the Taiwan Centers for Diseases Control statement, hospitals had to change their corresponding measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The frequency of parental visits to the special care nursery was reduced from three times to once daily. Visiting was not permitted from April 4 to May 10, 2020, and rooming-in with healthy neonates was discontinued, which could increase maternal postpartum distress. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine whether COVID-19 prevention increased maternal psychological distress.

Methods
This prospective study used convenience sampling to enroll healthy mothers who had just delivered via normal spontaneous delivery. Based on the neonates’ status and visiting times, mothers were grouped into no-rooming-in, rooming-in, no-visiting, and one-visit/day groups. Mothers’ baseline characteristics were compared using the Chi-square or Fisher's exact test and t-test. Salivary cortisol levels and scores of Chinese versions of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were evaluated on postpartum days 1 and 3 and analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and a paired t-test.

Results
There were 16, 58, 28, and 47 women categorized as no-rooming-in, rooming-in, no-visit, and one-visit/day groups, respectively. No significant differences were found between groups in mothers’ baseline characteristics and postpartum salivary cortisol levels. The PSS on day 3 was significantly higher than on day 1 in every group (p < 0.001). The PSS increasing trend in the no-rooming-in group was significantly greater than that in the no-visit group (p = 0.02) and significantly greater in the rooming-in group than that in the one-visit/day group (p = 0.001).

Conclusion
Postpartum stress increased for all mothers and was an even more significant response to the COVID-19 pandemic than the stress associated with neonates’ hospitalization.
Women’s perceptions of cardiovascular risk after preeclampsia: a qualitative study
Authors: Nielsen Lene Musfelt , Hauge Maria Guldbrandt , Ersbøll Anne S. , Johansen Marianne , Linde Jesper James , Damm Peter , Nielsen Karoline Kragelund 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Preeclampsia is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life, but studies suggest that women with previous preeclampsia are not aware of this. Little is known about how these women perceive the condition and the associated long-term risks. We examined the experiences and perceptions of preeclampsia and the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life among Danish women with previous preeclampsia and their attitudes towards CVD risk screening.

Methods
Ten individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with women with previous preeclampsia. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
We identified six themes: 1) Experiences and perceptions of being diagnosed with preeclampsia, 2) Awareness about increased risk of CVD later in life, 3) Knowledge as a precondition for action, 4) The perception of CVD risk as being modifiable, 5) Motivators for and barriers to a healthy lifestyle, and 6) Screening for CVD. Awareness of the severity of preeclampsia was limited prior to being diagnosed. Particularly among those with few or no symptoms, preeclampsia was perceived as a non-severe condition, which was further reinforced by the experience of having received very little information. Nonetheless, some women were shocked by the diagnosis and feared for the health of the offspring. Many women also experienced physical and psychological consequences of preeclampsia. Awareness of the increased risk of later CVD was lacking; yet, when informed, the women considered this to be essential knowledge to be able to act accordingly. The risk of future CVD was perceived to be partly modifiable with a healthy lifestyle, and the women expressed a need for counselling on appropriate lifestyle changes to reduce CVD risk. Other factors were also mentioned as imperative for lifestyle changes, including social support. The women were generally positive towards potential future screening for CVD because it could provide them with information about their health condition.

Conclusions
After preeclampsia, women experienced a lack of knowledge on preeclampsia and the increased risk of CVD later in life. Improved information and follow-up after preeclampsia, including guidance on CVD risk reduction and support from health professionals and family, are warranted.
An evaluation of the efficacy of a supplemental computer-based tutorial to enhance the informed consent process for cataract surgery: an exploratory randomized clinical study
Authors: Ullrich Marlies , Findl Oliver , Kefer Katharina , Döller Birgit , Varsits Ralph , Hienert Julius , Hirnschall Nino 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
To assess whether informing patients with a computer-based tutorial in addition to standard informed consent influences the patient’s attitude towards surgery and increases patient’s knowledge.

Methods
In this prospective, exploratory, randomized clinical study, patients scheduled for their first eye cataract surgery were randomly allocated to two groups, receiving standard face-to-face informed consent (control group) or additionally using an interactive computer-based tool (CatInfo) containing an audiovisual presentation about cataract and its treatment (study group). Cataract-related knowledge and decisional confidence (decisional conflict scale (DCS)) were assessed as well as one-month postoperatively decisional regret (decision regret scale (DRS)) and willingness to exchange face-to-face discussion time for the use of such a tool.

Results
The study comprised 134 patients, 64 patients in the study group and 70 in the control group. Patients in the study group answered more questions correctly, 16.3 ± 2.0 (median 16.5, 11.0–19.0) versus 15.5 ± 1.9 (median 16.0, 8.0–19.0; p = 0.01). Patients showed a high decisional confidence with a study group mean DCS score of 92.4 ± 9.8 (median 96.9, 65.6–100) and control group score of 91.6 ± 10.9 (median 95.3, 43.3–100; p = 0.52). Mean DRS score in the study group was 2.5 ± 8.0 (median 0, 0–40) and 4.3 ± 12.5 (median 0, 0–75) in the control group (p = 0.14). Of study group patients 23 (67.6%) were willing to trade time, on average 158 ± 180 s (median 120 s, 45–900). Satisfaction with the tool was high with a mean of 9.1 ± 1.3 out of 10 (median 9.7, 5.0–10).

Conclusions
Cataract-related knowledge was generally good, with slightly higher scores in the study group. In both groups, decisional confidence was high and regret after surgery was low. A tendency towards slightly higher decisional confidence and lower regret was found in the study group, although these differences were not statistically significant. Additional use of an interactive computer-based tool may prove useful in the informed consent process in a high-volume cataract outpatient setting.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04975126. Retrospectively registered – July 23, 2021.
Olfactory mucosa tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells lysate ameliorates LPS-induced acute liver injury in mice
Authors: Wang Zhe , Zhang XingXing , Qi Liuyao , Feng Wenjing , Gu Yahan , Ding Yuting 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute liver injury (ALI) induced by sepsis seriously endangers the health of human beings every year. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) lysate containing various regulators had a positive effect on anti-inflammation, hoping to provide a promising strategy in ALI.MethodsOlfactory mucosa-derived mesenchymal stem cells (OM-MSCs) were extracted and identified. The collected OM-MSCs were prepared after repeated freeze–thaw in phosphate buffer solution (PBS). Then, OM-MSCs lysate was filtered for future experiments. To understand the composes of OM-MSCs clearly, we detected the components of OM-MSCs lysate by western blotting.In vitro, OM-MSCs lysate was applied to evaluate the effects on normal human liver cells (LO-2) under stimulation of LPS. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was also injected intraperitoneally to build ALI model in mice. We further assessed the anti-inflammatory capacity of OM-MSCs lysate on ALIin vivoby aminotransferase determination, pathology observation, and immunohistochemical staining. Moreover, the immunoblot technique was performed to recognize the changes in inflammatory factors and related proteins.ResultsIn this study, we found that OM-MSCs lysate could protect structure effectively, improve the plasma aminotransferases, diminish inflammation by releasing interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). A significant decrease in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) also occurred under the treatment of OM-MSCs lysate. In addition, trophic factors originating from OM-MSCs lysate provided a supportive micro-environment for liver recovery. Especially, up-expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)in vivorevealed that OM-MSCs might have a great potential for healing.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that OM-MSCs lysate could alleviate LPS-induced ALI via decreasing inflammatory cytokines and promoting recovery.
Why a large percentage of Tunisian women aged 40 years and more has a reduced forced vital capacity? The implication of parity
Authors: Saad Helmi Ben 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe investigation of the link between reduced forced vital capacity (FVC) and risk factors and health variables in women aged ≥ 40 years is encouraged since a reduced FVC was related to all-cause mortality. The high frequency of women with a reduced FVC, observed in some studies, could be related to the impacts of parity on lung. In the literature, the association between parity and health consequences is discussed in terms of “selection pressure”, and the trade-off between longevity and fertility described by scientists is termed the “longevity determination” or “biological warranty period”. The respiratory system could be influenced by parity. Above all, it is the respiratory system, who endures the repercussions of the numerous physio-pathological experiences of the woman life. The probable effects of parity on lung function data, including FVC, make parity a key predictor to be stressed and evaluated. Parity is a promising original direction for physiological and pathophysiological research, particularly for low- and lower-middle- income countries. Thus, upcoming epidemiological and clinical studies of lung function data in women would need to include information about their parity status.
Self-efficacy and positive thinking as predictors of health-related quality of life in women with stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Chien Ching Hui , Huang Xuan Yi , Hsu Shu Pen , Yen Yi Hua , Pan Hun Shan , Yen Feng Chu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI), which causes involuntarily leakage of urine, has an impact on many women and may affect self-efficacy, which, in turn, can lead to poor health-related quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to explore the effects of sociodemographic and health information, symptom distress, self-efficacy, and positive thinking on the health-related QOL (general QOL and urinary incontinence-specific QOL) of women with SUI.

Methods
A cross-sectional study design was used. Women with SUI were recruited from the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient department and urodynamics examination room of a hospital by convenience sampling from August 2021 to March 2022. Participants were surveyed on the following questionnaires: Urogenital Distress Inventory, Geriatric Self-efficacy Index for Urinary Incontinence, Positive Thinking Scale, 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire Short Form.

Results
Participants (N = 135) had a mean age of 53.76 years old. The mean SF-12 physical component summary score was 48.48 (physical QOL), and the mental component summary score was 46.56 (mental QOL). The urinary incontinence-specific QOL score was 16.01. Women with greater positive thinking and higher self-efficacy for urinary incontinence had better physical and mental QOL. Women with less symptom distress of urinary incontinence and higher self-efficacy for urinary incontinence had better urinary incontinence-specific QOL.

Conclusion
The health-related QOL of women with SUI is affected by many factors, including positive thinking, self-efficacy, and symptom distress. Healthcare professionals can provide multifaceted programs to improve the health-related QOL of women with SUI.