bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emulating the MERINO randomised control trial using data from an observational cohort and trial of rapid diagnostic (BSI-FOO)
Authors: Evans Rebecca N. , Harris Jessica , Rogers Chris A. , MacGowan Alasdair 
Published: May 2022

Objective
The aim of this study was to emulate the MERINO trial of piperacillin-tazobactam vs meropenem for the definitive treatment of bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by ceftriaxone-nonsusceptible E coli or Klebsiella spp.

Methods
Data from an observational study of BSI and a randomised controlled trial of a rapid diagnostic in BSI were used to emulate the MERINO trial. The primary outcome of the emulated trial was 28-day mortality after blood culture. Outcomes were compared using logistic regression adjusted for propensity score for emulated intervention.

Results
Of the 6,371 observational study and RCT participants, 1,968 had a bloodstream infection with E. coli or Klebsiella spp. of which 121 met the eligibility criteria. In the emulated trial, a total of 14/82 patients (17.1%) allocated to piperacillin-tazobactam met the primary outcome compared with 6/39 (15.4%) in the meropenem group (unadjusted odds ratio 1.13 (95% CI 0.40 to 3.21)). After adjustment for propensity score, the odds ratio increased to 1.31 (95% CI 0.40 to 4.26). This difference is in the same direction but of a smaller magnitudethan observed in the MERINO trial, where 30-day mortality was met by 23/187 patients (12.3%) in the piperacillin-tazobactam and 7/191 (3.7%) in the meropenem group (unadjusted odds ratio of 3.69 (95% CI 1.48 to 10.41)).

Conclusions
The mortality rate in an emulated trial population was more than double the mortality rate in the MERINO trial. The methodology used attempts to address the concern that previous results could be explained by biases such as selection bias and uncontrolled confounding and provides information on how a trial such as the MERINO trial may have performed in the NHS.
Radical Mainstream: Independent Film, Video and Television in Britain, 1974–1990, Colin Perry (2020)
Authors: Connolly Maeve 
Published: May 2022

Review of: Radical Mainstream: Independent Film, Video and Television in Britain, 1974–1990, Colin Perry (2020)
Bristol: Intellect Books, 190 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78938-192-4, h/bk, £90.00
Northern migration: A case study of Latin American immigration, settlement, and housing experiences in Kelowna, a mid-sized city in the interior of British Columbia (Canada)
Authors: Teixeira C. , De Burgos H. 
Published: May 2022

Immigration from Latin American countries to Canada is a relatively recent phenomenon. Approximately half a million Latin Americans currently live in Canada. They tend to prefer urban areas and settle in Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. In the past, smaller and mid-sized cities in the interior of British Columbia were generally off the radar for immigrants, but this has changed since the early 2000s, and the city of Kelowna has gradually emerged as a popular destination, including for immigrants from Latin America. It is a growing population that has received relatively little scholarly attention. This article addresses this research gap by exploring the settlement and housing experiences of Latin American immigrants in the mid-sized city of Kelowna.
The study draws on data from questionnaire surveys that were administered to 62 Latin American immigrants in the city of Kelowna in the summer-fall of 2018. The findings revealed that transitioning from their homelands was a stressful and costly experience for participants, particularly with regard to finding affordable housing. They reported enormous financial stress, with most living in unaffordable housing; more than half were spending more than 30% of their monthly income on housing. Participants’ residential mobility and housing searches were constrained in part by low vacancy rates, language barriers, lack of public transportation, and a lack of affordable housing to rent or buy. Immigrants’ unfamiliarity with how subsidized housing works in Canada, including how to access it, combined with a limited supply of this housing, are major challenges.
Iminodisuccinic acid enhances antioxidant and mineral element accumulation in young leaves ofZiziphus jujuba
Authors: Liu Hongxia , Xu Mingyue , Liu Hui , Zhao Xusheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractJujube leaf tea, which is made from the young leaves ofZiziphus jujuba, is a novel functional herb tea or infusion that inhibits the central nervous system. In the current study, the effects of iminodisuccinic acid (IDS), as a metal complexing agent, on mineral element content, oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activities, and antioxidant accumulation in the young and mature leaves ofZ. jujubawere investigated. Results demonstrated that foliar fertilization with ionic (FeCl2and ZnCl2) and chelated (Fe-IDS and Zn-IDS) fertilizers could drastically enhance iron and zinc contents, coupled with increased vitamin C level, glutathione accumulation, total phenolic content, and total antioxidant capacity (evaluated based on the Fe3+reducing power of leaf extracts), compared with the control, particularly in young leaves. However, chelated fertilizers considerably reduced the chlorophyll level, H2O2content, and lipid peroxidation rate than ionic fertilizers, particularly in young leaves. Compared with the control, chelated fertilizers induced greater superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, particularly in young leaves. Moreover, decreased enzyme activities were observed in the ionic fertilizer-treated leaves compared with the control-treated leaves. Thus, using a chelating agent could improve the accumulation of mineral elements and antioxidants in young leaves by reducing metal-mediated reactive oxygen species toxicity.
Approximation of integrable functions by general linear matrix operators of their Fourier series
Authors: Mishra Vishnu Narayan , Łenski Włodzimierz , Szal Bogdan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The pointwise estimates of the deviation

T

n
,
A

f

(

⋅

)

−
f

(

⋅

)

{T}_{n,A}f(\cdot )-f\left(\cdot )

in terms of pointwise moduli of continuity based on the points of differentiability of indefinite integral of

f

f

, with application of the rth differences of the entries of

A

A

, are proved. The similar results in case of the Lebesgue points are considered, too. Analogical results on norm approximation with remarks and corollaries are also given.
Diagnostic journeys: characterization of patients and diagnostic outcomes from an academic second opinion clinic
Authors: Chao Sabrina , Lotfi Justin , Lin Bryant , Shaw Jonathan , Jhandi Saachi , Mahoney Megan , Singh Baldeep , Nguyen Linda , Halawi Houssam , Geng Linda N. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Diagnostic programs and second opinion clinics have grown and evolved in the recent years to help patients with rare, puzzling, and complex conditions who often suffer prolonged diagnostic journeys, but there is a paucity of literature on the clinical characteristics of these patients and the efficacy of these diagnostic programs. This study aims to characterize the diagnostic journey, case features, and diagnostic outcomes of patients referred to a team-based second opinion clinic at Stanford.

Methods
Retrospective chart review was performed for 237 patients evaluated for diagnostic second opinion in the Stanford Consultative Medicine Clinic over a 5 year period. Descriptive case features and diagnostic outcomes were assessed, and correlation between the two was analyzed.

Results
Sixty-three percent of our patients were women. 49% of patients had a potential precipitating event within about a month prior to the start of their illness, such as medication change, infection, or medical procedure. A single clear diagnosis was determined in 33% of cases, whereas the remaining cases were assessed to have multifactorial contributors/diagnoses (20%) or remained unclear despite extensive evaluation (47%). Shorter duration of illness, fewer prior specialties seen, and single chief symptom were associated with higher likelihood of achieving a single clear diagnosis.

Conclusions
A single-site academic consultative service can offer additional diagnostic insights for about half of all patients evaluated for puzzling conditions. Better understanding of the clinical patterns and patient experiences gained from this study helps inform strategies to shorten their diagnostic odysseys.
Facile synthesis of core–shell structured magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2@Au molecularly imprinted polymers for high effective extraction and determination of 4-methylmethcathinone in human urine samples
Authors: Wu Fangsheng , Zhang Zihua , Liu Wei , Liu Yuan , Chen Xiujuan , Liao Pingyong , Han Qiaoying , Song Lun , Chen Hong , Liu Wenbin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, a novel material of core–shell structured magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (Fe3O4@SiO2@Au (FSA)-MIPs) was successfully prepared for the rapid and selective determination of 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone, 4-MMC). The adsorption capacity of FSA-MIPs is 34.7 mg·g−1 at 308 K, which is significantly higher than magnetic non-imprinted polymers profiting from the imprinting effect. The FSA-MIPs have a short equilibrium (20 min) and could be reused more than six times. Moreover, the selectivity coefficients of FSA-MIPs for 4-MMC, 3,4-dimethylmethcathinone, butylone, 4-ethylmethcathinone, acetylfentanyl, and methylene blue are 4.01, 5.65, 7.62, 12.30, and 20.87 respectively, further indicating the markedly enhanced binding selectivity of FSA-MIPs. As an adsorbent, the FSA-MIPs were successfully applied for effective extraction of 4-MMC in three human urine samples with the recovery rates ranging from 85.5–92.6%. The results confirmed that the FSA-MIPs have good prospects in the extraction and separation of synthetic cathinones, which is suitable for further application in the criminal sciences field.
Comparison of cross couple MOS based and Schottky diode based RF energy harvesting circuits using Wilkinson power combiner
Authors: Banerjee Joydeep 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a new but simple RF energy harvesting circuit with the combination of Wilkinson power combiner and voltage multiplier circuits to enhance the output voltage level. Author has proposed a new Schottky diode-based voltage multiplier circuit which is the combination of existing conventional Greinacher voltage multiplier and Villard voltage multiplier circuits. In this proposed circuit first stage is a Greinacher circuit which provides a comparatively higher voltage and the later stages are followed by Villard Multiplier circuits to avoid the design complexities of multistage Greinacher circuits. A Wilkinson power combiner is connected with proposed circuit to combine RF receiving power from multiple receiving antennas. The insertion of Wilkinson power combiner increases the output voltages significantly for proposed circuits. A Cross couple of MOS-based RF energy harvesting circuit is also proposed and studied in RF energy harvesting applications. The performance of Schottky diode and MOS-based RF energy harvesting circuits has been studied and compared. Experimental performance of diode-based circuits has been carried out. The Experimental efficiency for proposed Schottky diode-based RF energy harvesting circuits is obtained as 58.6%. Insertion of Wilkinson power combiner in the proposed circuit increases output voltage level 84 and 90% for three stages Schottky diode-based circuit and MOS based circuit respectively that is a significant improvement of the proposed circuit. RF energy harvesting has various applications like low-power medical and remote healthcare electronics systems, providing wireless power to IoT devices for smart home automation and monitoring, and directly powering Wireless Sensor Nodes Networks (WSN) from ambient RF energy sources in a remote area.
Anti-colon cancer activities of green-synthesized Moringa oleifera–AgNPs against human colon cancer cells
Authors: Althomali Arwa , Daghestani Maha H. , Basil Almukaynizi Fatimah , Al-Zahrani Sabah Ahmed , Awad Manal A. , Merghani Nada M. , Bukhari Wadha I. , Ibrahim Eiman M. , Alzahrani Sherifah M. , Altowair Nouf , AL-Ghamdi Afaf S. , AlQahtani Asma M. , Ramadan Rasha , Bhat Ramesa Shafi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The anticancer activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is well known to be synthesized using green-synthesized methods, although its mechanism of action is not understood fully. Moringa oleifera leaves were used as reducing and stabilizing agents to synthesize AgNPs. Green-synthesized AgNPs were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electronic microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses. The synthesized nanoparticles were then characterized by their anticancer properties by performing a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to check the expression levels of the four genes (β-catenin, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and lipoprotein receptor-related proteins 5 and 6 (LRP5/6)). The synthesized nanoparticles were 25 nm on average and spherical in shape and aggregated form. Noteworthy cytotoxicity is how green-synthesized M. oleifera–AgNPs were observed in comparison with the M. oleifera leaf extract against a cancerous cell line. The M. oleifera–AgNPs decreased the expression of CTNNB1 and LRP6 genes, while the LRP5 gene expression increased in both cell lines. With treatment, the APC gene expression decreased in SW480 but increased in HTC116. Our results imply that AgNPs synthesized by M. oleifera extract could be an ideal strategy to combat colon cancer.
Design, fabrication, and testing of CVI-SiC/SiC turbine blisk under different load spectrums at elevated temperature
Authors: Guo Xiaojun , Li Jian , Zeng Yuqi , Huang Xiaozhong , Li Longbiao , Xu Youliang , Hu Xiaoan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this article, design, fabrication, and testing of SiC/SiC turbine blisk with the fiber’s preform of Spider Web Structure (SWS) subjected to different load spectrums at elevated temperature are conducted. Micro-CT scans are conducted to show the fibers preform and defects inside the SWS-SiC/SiC turbine blisk. For 2D plain-woven SiC/SiC composite under monotonic tensile loading at an elevated temperature of T = 900°C in air atmosphere, the composite ultimate tensile strength is σ
uts = 200 MPa with the fracture strain ε
f = 0.36%. For SWS-SiC/SiC turbine blisk under the rotation testing, the first and second order natural frequency of the SWS-SiC/SiC turbine blisk are tested using the laser vibration meter. Relationships between the rotation speed, internal damage, and the natural frequency degradation of the SWS-SiC/SiC turbine blisk are established. Under the maximum rotation speed of n = 17,000 rpm at the exhaust temperature of T = 930°C, no damage occurred in the SWS-SiC/SiC turbine blisk. However, multiple coating spalling occurred due to the thermal-chemical coupling failure of the coating under flame impingement. The first natural frequency of the SWS-SiC/SiC turbine blisk decreases by 5% with the increase in the rotating speed from n
max = 85,000 rpm to n
max = 105,000 rpm, which indicates that there is an internal damage in the SWS-SiC/SiC turbine blisk, which leads to the decrease in the stiffness of the blisk.
Expression pattern and clinical significance of microRNA-let-7a and IFN-gamma in placental tissue of patients with preeclampsia with severe features
Authors: Wang Liping , Yuan Xiaojie , Zhou Xuewu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Preeclampsia with severe features (PECsf) is a common disease in pregnant women. let-7a and IFN-gamma (interferon-gamma) are involved in diagnosis and prognosis of preeclampsia. This study explored effects of let-7a and IFN-gamma on PECsf patients.

Methods
The placental tissue of 21 PECsf, 19 preeclampsia without severe features (PEC), and 20 normal pregnant women were collected, and clinical data were recorded. let-7a and IFN-gamma expressions in placental tissue were detected. The correlation between let-7a/IFN-gamma expression and clinical indexes was analyzed. According to let-7a and IFN-gamma expressions, PECsf patients were assigned into Hlet-7a group (let-7a high expression group), Llet-7a group (let-7a low expression group), HIFN-gamma group (IFN-gamma high expression group) and LIFN-gamma group (IFN-gamma low expression group). The incidence of adverse prognosis was compared.

Results
let-7a and IFN-gamma were highly expressed in placental tissue of preeclampsia patients, with significant differences between PEC and PECsf. The high expressions of let-7a and IFN-gamma were positively correlated with mean arterial pressure, lactate dehydrogenase, and 24 h urinary protein in placental tissues of PECsf patients. High let-7a and IFN-gamma expressions were correlated with adverse outcomes of PECsf.

Conclusions
High let-7a and IFN-gamma expressions were correlated with clinical features, and could be used as biomarkers for treatment and poor prognosis of PECsf.
Konzeption des neuen, primären, thermodynamischen PTB-Gasfeuchtenormals
Authors: Bubser Florian , Deschermeier Regina , Ebert Volker 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
Die AG 3.41 der PTB baut derzeit ein neues Primärnormal der Gasfeuchte auf Basis des Funktionsprinzips eines 2-Druck 2-Temperatur Generators auf [Deschermeier, R., Bubser, F., Ebert, E. “Conception and Design of a Novel Primary Humidity Generator”, In: Posterpräsentation TEMPMEKO 2019, Chengdu, China]. Der Betriebsbereich des Generators wird Frost-/Taupunkttemperaturen im Bereich von −40 bis +95 °C, einen maximalen Volumenstrom von 20 L/min und einen Generatordruck von bis zu 1.5 MPa umfassen. Die Sättigung des Gasstroms erfolgt, abhängig von der Darstellung der Tau-/Frostpunkttemperatur, über Wasser oder Eis. Damit erweitert die PTB den für Kalibrierdienstleistungen und Forschungsvorhaben zur Verfügung stehenden Bereich. Das beim mechanischen und elektronischen Aufbau modular gehaltene Konzept, sowie die modulare Software erlauben es, die Anlage auch an zukünftige Anforderungen, wie zum Beispiel eine gesteigerte Messgenauigkeit, anzupassen.
Evaluation of the Penetration Behavior of Viscous Fluids into Porous Media in the Context of Volume Determination
Authors: Christ Florian , Lieske Wolfgang , Herz Charlotte , Wichtmann Torsten 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The current study addresses the penetration of viscous fluids into compacted clay samples in the context of volume determination. The volume of compacted clay samples was measured with established methods (paraffin-coated clod method, pycnometer method) and uncoated immersion weighing (IW) with three different fluids (silicone oil, paraffin oil, and canola oil). The suitability of the methods was evaluated statistically. The amount of penetrated liquid into the sample was tracked over time and analyzed. Experimental data were fitted with a modified Washburn’s equation considering different pore sizes in the sample. The fitting yielded very good matches. IW was found to generate the most accurate (i.e., smallest error measurements) and reproducible results for volume determination among the established methods. Thereby, paraffin and silicone oil performed best for IW. The penetration of liquids into the sample was found to be negligibly small for those two liquids in the relevant time range for conducting an IW.
Structural insights into ClpP protease side exit pore‐opening by a pH drop coupled with substrate hydrolysis
Authors: Kim Leehyeon , Lee Byung‐Gil , Kim Minki , Kim Min Kyung , Kwon Do Hoon , Kim Hyunmin , Brötz‐Oesterhelt Heike , Roh Soung‐Hun , Song Hyun Kyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe ClpP serine peptidase is a tetradecameric degradation molecular machine involved in many physiological processes. It becomes a competent ATP‐dependent protease when coupled with Clp‐ATPases. Small chemical compounds, acyldepsipeptides (ADEPs), are known to cause the dysregulation and activation of ClpP without ATPases and have potential as novel antibiotics. Previously, structural studies of ClpP from various species revealed its structural details, conformational changes, and activation mechanism. Although product release through side exit pores has been proposed, the detailed driving force for product release remains elusive. Herein, we report crystal structures of ClpP from Bacillus subtilis (BsClpP) in unforeseen ADEP‐bound states. Cryo‐electron microscopy structures of BsClpP revealed various conformational states under different pH conditions. To understand the conformational change required for product release, we investigated the relationship between substrate hydrolysis and the pH‐lowering process. The production of hydrolyzed peptides from acidic and basic substrates by proteinase K and BsClpP lowered the pH values. Our data, together with those of previous findings, provide insight into the molecular mechanism of product release by the ClpP self‐compartmentalizing protease.
Cx43‐mediated sorting of miRNAs into extracellular vesicles
Authors: Martins‐Marques Tania , Costa Marina C , Catarino Steve , Simoes Isaura , Aasen Trond , Enguita Francisco J , Girao Henrique 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThrough the exchange of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles (EV) allow for cell–cell communication across distant cells and tissues to regulate a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Although some molecular mediators have been discovered, the mechanisms underlying the selective sorting of miRNAs into EV remain elusive. Previous studies demonstrated that connexin43 (Cx43) forms functional channels at the EV surface, mediating the communication with recipient cells. Here, we show that Cx43 participates in the selective sorting of miRNAs into EV through a process that can also involve RNA‐binding proteins. We provide evidence that Cx43 can directly bind to specific miRNAs, namely those containing stable secondary structure elements, including miR‐133b. Furthermore, Cx43 facilitates the delivery of EV‐miRNAs into recipient cells. Phenotypically, we show that Cx43‐mediated EV‐miRNAs sorting modulates autophagy. Overall, our study ascribes another biological role to Cx43, that is, the selective incorporation of miRNAs into EV, which potentially modulates multiple biological processes in target cells and may have implications for human health and disease.
Myeloid cell‐specific topoisomerase 1 inhibition using DNA origami mitigates neuroinflammation
Authors: Zhu Keying , Wang Yang , Sarlus Heela , Geng Keyi , Nutma Erik , Sun Jingxian , Kung Shin‐Yu , Bay Cindy , Han Jinming , Min Jin‐Hong , Benito‐Cuesta Irene , Lund Harald , Amor Sandra , Wang Jun , Zhang Xing‐Mei , Kutter Claudia , Guerreiro‐Cacais André Ortlieb , Högberg Björn , Harris Robert A 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTargeting myeloid cells, especially microglia, for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), is underappreciated. Our in silico drug screening reveals topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) inhibitors as promising drug candidates for microglial modulation. We show that TOP1 is highly expressed in neuroinflammatory conditions, and TOP1 inhibition using camptothecin (CPT) and its FDA‐approved analog topotecan (TPT) reduces inflammatory responses in microglia/macrophages and ameliorates neuroinflammation in vivo. Transcriptomic analyses of sorted microglia from LPS‐challenged mice reveal an altered transcriptional phenotype following TPT treatment. To target myeloid cells, we design a nanosystem using β‐glucan‐coated DNA origami (MyloGami) loaded with TPT (TopoGami). MyloGami shows enhanced specificity to myeloid cells while preventing the degradation of the DNA origami scaffold. Myeloid‐specific TOP1 inhibition using TopoGami significantly suppresses the inflammatory response in microglia and mitigates MS‐like disease progression. Our findings suggest that TOP1 inhibition in myeloid cells represents a therapeutic strategy for neuroinflammatory diseases and that the myeloid‐specific nanosystems we designed may also benefit the treatment of other diseases with dysfunctional myeloid cells.