bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of different seedling growing methods on the SPAD, NDVI values and some morphological parameters of four sweet corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids
Authors: Sinka Lúcia , Zsembeli József , Ragán Péter , Duzs László , Hájos Mária Takácsné 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The main goal of our investigation was to determine the relationship between different growing methods of sweet corn seedlings and some physiological and morphological parameters of four hybrids in order to get information about the ability of their stress tolerance in a two-year experiment (2019, 2020). Seedlings were grown with and without pre-conditioning. Pre-conditioning is based on growing young plants exposing them to cold stress. Seedling emergence percentage, plant height, total leaf number, the total mass of fresh aboveground biomass, and ear length were determined as well as Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values. In 2019, the pre-conditioned seedlings were more tolerant to cold stress for most of the tested parameters. Overall, the SPAD and NDVI values of the pre-conditioned seedlings were considered better in both years, however, it was not verified for all the studied hybrids. Among the hybrids, ‘Strongstar’ had the highest benefit from pre-conditioning compared to the standard growing method in terms of resulting in 17.5% higher plants, 13.1% longer ears, and 10.4% higher SPAD values in 2019. In 2020, when the cold stress was not so dominant, ‘Gyöngyhajnal’ gained the most from pre-conditioning with 9.7% higher plants, 32% more fresh aboveground biomass, 6.8% longer ears, 3.6% higher SPAD, and 9.3% higher NDVI values. More emphasis should be placed on the choice of stress-tolerant hybrids as well as on the seedling growing method and the date of transplanting to improve adaptation to the more frequent weather extremes.
New faunistic records of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the Netherlands
Authors: Černý Miloš , van Zuijlen Jan Willem 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Based on voucher adult specimens of Agromyzidae (Diptera) faunistic records of 23 species are given all of which are new additions to the fauna of the Netherlands. With this addition a total of 265 species of Agromyzidae are currently known from the country.
Métodos de posicionamento para a determinação da variabilidade espacial de atributos do solo
Authors: Cornélio Vanessa Lima , Compagnon Ariel Muncio , Pereira Filho Walter José , Silveira Marcos Gonçalves da , Cintra Pedro Henrique Martins 
Published: March 2022

A amostragem sistemática do solo é uma alternativa para identificar a variabilidade espacial de suas propriedades. Diante disso, objetivou-se com esse trabalho, determinar a variabilidade espacial dos atributos físicos (areia, silte e argila) e químicos (matéria orgânica e pH) do solo comparando diferentes métodos de posicionamento para aquisição das coordenadas. O experimento foi realizado no Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Ceres em área de Latossolo Vermelho com textura média. Foi estabelecida uma malha amostral de 79 pontos espaçados em 30 m x 30 m, em uma área de 7,11 ha, sendo esses georreferenciados utilizando-se três métodos: GNSS acoplado à estação total Leica GS-900, GPS Garmin Etrex 30 e app Trimble Outdoors Navigator. O solo foi coletado na profundidade de 0,00-0,20 m. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise pela estatística descritiva e a geoestatística por meio de semivariogramas e do método de interpolação por krigagem. Os métodos de posicionamento GNSS acoplado à Estação Total, Etrex 30 e app permitiram mapear a dependência espacial para as variáveis silte, pH e matéria orgânica no solo com padrões semelhantes. A variável areia se ajustou apenas para a Estação Total e a argila para Estação Total e Etrex 30, tendo esse comportamento ocorrido devido à malha amostral utilizada.
Sifat Listrik Material Ferroelektrik Barium Titanat (BaTiO3) dengan Doping Cerium (Ce)
Authors: Wijaya Vivi , Elvaswer Elvaswer 
Published: March 2022

Pembuatan material ferroelektrik Barium Titanat (BaTiO3) didoping cerium (Ce) telah dilakukan. Pemberian variasi komposisi doping dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai konstanta dielektrik, rugi-rugi dielektrik, tingkat kekeristalan serta ukuran kristal tiap sampel. Sampel dibuat menggunakan metode solid state reaction dengan persentase doping Ce 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% dan 5% mol yang dikompaksi dalam bentuk pelet. Satelah sampel disintering pada suhu 700Â°C selama 4 jam, dilakukan karakterisasi menggunakan RLC meter dengan variasi frekuensi 100 Hz, 120 Hz dan 1 KHz dan karakterisasi XRD. Diperoleh hasil bahwa pengaruh doping menaikkan nilai konstanta dielektrik pada komposisi doping 1% mol pada frekuensi 100 Hz dengan nilai konstanta dielektrik sebesar 4220. Pada komposisiÂ doping 1% ini juga ditemukan nilai faktor desipasi tertinggi yaitu sebesar 4,45. Pada uji XRD ditemukanÂ komposisi doping 1% memiliki nilai tingkat kekristalan yang lebih besar dari komposisi doping 3% yaitu sebesar 89%Â Dielectric is a material that is widely developed in technology, especially in applications as capacitors. A study entitledthe effect of the doping composition of cerium (Ce) on barium titanate (BaTiO3) for the dielectric constant and the cyrstal structure ofBa1-xCexTiO3has been conducted. This study aims to determine the effect og giving the doping composition Ce (x=1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%) on BaTiO3, knowing the dissipation factor and the dielectric constant ofBa1-xCexTiO3.The solid state reaction method wasused in this study by reacted the solids in form of powders at a high temperature 750Â°C for 4 hours. The RLC meter is used to measure the capacitance and then it is processed and the highest dielectic constant and highest dissipation factor are obtained at the 1% doping composition of 55389,387 with a dissipation factor 2,74. The crystal structure was analyzed using xrd, and the highesst intensity results were in composition at 1% doping and 152,84. The hightest crytallinity formed was 89,11 but the largest crystal size was obtained in composition 3% doping is 36,7549 nm
Pengaruh Waktu Rendaman NaOH Terhadap Kristalinitas dan Densitas Nanoserat Selulosa Buah Pinang
Authors: Dwisa Mega , Mahyudin Alimin 
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh waktu rendaman NaOH terhadap kristalinitas dan densitas nanoserat selulosa buah pinang. Serat pinang diberi perlakuan NaOH 5% kemudian direndam dengan variasi waktu 4, 6, dan 10 jam. Tahap penelitian ini adalah perendaman serat, ektraksi selulosa, pemutihan serat, hidrolisis asam sulfat dan proses sonikasi. Sifat fisik yang diuji adalah densitas. Karakterisasi XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) digunakan untuk menentukan indeks kristalinitas dan ukuran kristal. Dari hasil isolasi selulosa didapatkan nilai indeks kristalinitas dengan waktu perendaman 4, 6, dan 10 jam yaitu 55,36%, 56,99%, dan 59,64% untuk ukuran kristal 27,54 nm, 27,56 nm, dan 47,25 nm. Nilai densitas terendah dari serat pinang yang telah diberikan perlakuan kimia yaitu 0,22 g/cm3. Semakin lama waktu perendaman, maka nilai indeks kristalinitas semakin naik dan nilai densitas menurun.Research has been conducted regarding NaOH immersion time on crystallinity and density of betel nut cellulose nanofibers. Areca fiber was treated with 5% NaOH then the fiber was soaked in time variations for 4, 6, and 10 hours. This researchâ€™s stage were fiber immersion, cellulose extraction, fiber bleaching, sulfuric acid hydrolysis and sonication process. XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) characterization was used to determine the crystallinity index and crystal size. Isolation of cellulose results were obtained crystallinity index values with immersion times of 4, 6, and 10 hours, namely 56.36%, 55.99%, and 59.64% for crystal sizes of 27.54 nm, 27.56 nm, and 47.25 nm.Â The lowest density value of areca fiber that has been given chemical treatment is 0.22 g /cm3. The longer the immersion time, the higher the crystallinity index value and the decreased density value.
Analisis Ukuran Teras dan Rasio H/D pada Molten Salt Fast Reactor dalam Tinjauan Neutronik
Authors: Azurah Puti Berkah , Fitriyani Dian , Permana Sidik 
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan simulasi pada Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR) berdaya 100 MWth untuk menganalisis pengaruh bentuk dan ukuran teras terhadap kinerja neutronik. Penelitian ini menggunakan kode komputasi SRAC (Standard Thermal Reactor Analysis Code System) yang dikembangkan oleh JAEA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency). Analisis dilakukan terhadap 9 variasi bentuk dan ukuran teras pada teras MSFR silinder dua dimensi (2-D) dengan peninjauan terhadap parameter neutronik yaitu faktor multiplikasi efektif,. Perhitungan neutronik dilakukan dengan mengatur komposisi bahan bakar dalam teras. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variasi model teras menghasilkan nilai faktor multiplikasi efektif di atas 1,0 pada awal masa operasi reaktor. Model teras C1 (volume teras 6 m3, bentuk teras tall) merupakan model teras yang paling baik dalam mempertahankan kekritisan reaktor dengan reactivity swing sebesar 0,0721.Â A simulation of 100 MWth Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR) has been carried out to analyze the influence of core shape and size to its neutronic performance. This research used computational code SRAC (Standard Thermal Reactor Analysis Code System) developed by JAEA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency). Analysis has been done to 9 variation of core shape and size on two-dimensional (2-D) cylinder ofÂ MSFR in terms of neutronic parameter such as the effective multiplication factor with arrangement of fuel composition. The neutronic calculation shows that all of core type bring out the value of effective multiplication factor above 1,0Â in the beginning of reactor operation. C1 is the most optimum core model because it can maintain the criticality of the core reactor with reactivity swing value of 0,0721.
Pengaruh Waktu Annealing Lapisan Tipis ZnO Terhadap Efisiensi Sel Surya Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC)
Authors: Yozu Genta El Haqqi , Dahlan Dahyunir 
Published: March 2022

Telah diteliti pengaruh lama annealing lapisan tipis ZnO terhadap efisiensi Dye Sensitized Solar Cells. Lapisan ZnO yang ditumbuhkan kemudian di-annealing menggunakan furnace. Annealing dilakukan pada temperatur 450o C denganÂ durasi 1 - 5 jam.Â Lapisan ZnO yang terbentuk dikarakterisasi menggunakan I-V Test, UV-VIS, dan XRD.Â Karakterisasi I-V menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi tertinggi 1,98% didapatkan pada sampel yang di-annealing selama 5 jam yang menghasilkan Voc 263 mV, Isc 0,274 mA, Pmax 27,05 Î¼W, dan Fill Factor (FF) 0,37 ketika diiluminasi dengan intensitas cahaya 300 lux.Â Energi gap yang didapatkan dari karakterisasi UV-VIS sebesar 3,37 â€“ 3,49 eV, sesuai dengan energi gap lapisan ZnO.Â Karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan bahwa struktur yang dihasilkan pada waktu annealing 2 jam adalah cubic dan pada waktu annealing 5 jam adalah hexagonal.Â Efisiensi tertinggi dihasilkan pada elektroda kerja lapisan ZnO yaitu sebesar 1,98% pada annealing 5 jam sedangkan efisien terendah 0,69% yaitu pada annealing 1 jam. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa lama waktu annealing mempengaruhi efisiensi DSSC.Â The effect of annealing time on ZnO thin film of the Efficiency of Dye- Sensitized Solar Cell has been investigated. The grown ZnO films were annealed in a furnace for 1 - 5 hours at a temperature of 450oC. The deposited ZnO films were characterized using the I-V test, UV-VIS, and XRD.Â The I-V test shows that the highest of efficiency value of 1.98% was obtained for the sample annealed 5 hours with Voc 263 mV, Isc 0,274 mA, Pmax 27,05 Î¼W, and Fill Factor (FF) was 0,37 when illuminated with 300 lux light intensity. The bandgap width obtained from UV-Vis spectra is 3,37 â€“ 3,49 eV, which agrees with the energy gap of ZnO film. The XRD characterization indicated that the ZnO annealed for 2 hours has a cubic structure, while that was annealed for 5 hours is hexagonal. The highest efficiency of DSSC with ZnO electrode layer was 1.98% obtained for the sample annealed for 5 hours, whereas the lowest efficiency 0.69% was obtained for the sample annealed for 1 hour. This result indicates that longer annealing time increases the efficiency of DSSC
Ekstrak Kulit Batang Bakau sebagai Inhibitor Korosi Baja Komersil
Authors: Aini Tantri Marelita , Dahlan Dahyunir 
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh ekstrak kulit batang bakau sebagai inhibitor korosi baja komersil.Â Dalam penelitian ini dibentuk lapisan pada permukaan baja menggunakan metode elektrodeposisi.Â Lapisan dibuat dari pelarutan Nikel (II) sulfat 1M, asam borat 0,24 M dan aquades dengan tambahan ekstrak kulit batang bakau pada konsentrasi 0%; 0,5%; 1%; 1,5%; 2% dan 2,5% volume.Â Baja terkorosi dalam larutan NaOH 1 M selama 4,5 jam. Karakterisasi menggunakan mikroskop optik untuk semua sampel dan karakterisasi X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) untuk sampel terbaik yaitu sampel yang telah dielektrodeposisi dengan konsentrasi inhibitor 2% sebelum dan sesudah korosi.Â Laju korosi diukur menggunakan metode kehilangan berat, dimana kehilangan berat baja berbanding lurus dengan laju korosi.Â Penambahan konsentrasi ekstrak kulit batang bakau dapat mengurangi kehilangan berat pada baja dan meningkatkan efisiensi inhibisi.Â Efisiensi inhibisi paling besar yaitu 83% dengan penambahan 2% dan 2,5% inhibitor.Â Karakterisasi menggunakan mikroskop optik menunjukkan baja dengan konsentrasi 2% adalah yang paling optimum karena tidak tergerus, tidak terbentuk endapan korosi dan permukaannya masih dalam keadaan halus setelah direndam dalam media korosif.Research on the effect of mangrove stem bark extract as an inhibitor of commercial steel corrosion has been conducted. This research produces a coating on the steel surface using the electrodeposition method. The coating was made from dissolving 1M nickel (II) sulfate, 0.24 M boric acid and distilled water with the addition of mangrove bark extract at a concentration of 0%; 0.5%; 1%; 1.5%; 2% and 2.5% by volume. Steel was electrodeposed for 3 minutes with a voltage of 3V. The steel corroded in 1 M NaOH solution for 4.5 hours. Characterization using an optical microscope for all samples and characterization of the X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) for the best sample, namely samples that have been electrodeposed with 2% inhibitor concentration before and after corrosion. The corrosion rate was measured using the weight loss method, where the weight loss of steel is directly proportional to the corrosion rate. Increasing the concentration of mangrove bark extract can reduce weight loss in steel and increase inhibition efficiency. The greatest inhibition efficiency was 83% with the addition of 2% inhibitor. Characterization using an optical microscope shows that steel with a concentration of 2% is the most optimum because it is not eroded, no corrosion deposits are formed and the surface is still in a smooth state after immersing in corrosive media.
Pemodelan Kedalaman Air Tanah pada Zona Sulit Air Bersih Desa Sijantang Kota Sawahlunto Menggunakan Formulasi Water Seismic Index
Authors: Safrima Ikhwan , Pujiastuti Dwi , Pohan Ahmad Fauzi 
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk pendugaan kedalaman air tanah di desa Sijantang Sawahlunto dengan menggunakan metode seismik refraksi. Data diambil dari 3 lintasan di daerah yang memiliki struktur geologi endapan aluvial.Â Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metoda Water Seismic Index (WSI), yang merupakan metoda pemanfaatan dari perlambatan gelombang geser sebagai ciri-ciri adanya air di lapisan bawah permukaan tanah. Indeks WSI 0,8 â€“ 2,0 merupakanÂ nilai yang menunjukkan keberadaan air tanah. Dari interpretasi pengolahan data diperoleh bahwaÂ lapisan tanah di daerah tersebut tersusun dari Â lapisan atas yangÂ berupaÂ kerikilÂ di dekat permukaaan dan lapisan berikutnyaÂ merupakan lapisan tanah pasir kering, pasir basah, lempung dan lempung lanau. Lapisan akuifer berada pada kedalaman 6.5 â€“ 16 m dan dikategorikan sebagai akuifer dangkal. Dari pengolahan data dapat dibuktikan bahwa daerah bekas tambang batubara desa Sijantang, Sawahlunto masih memiliki ketersediaan air tanah yang dapat digunakan.Â Research has been carried out to modeling the depth of groundwater in the village of Sijantang, Sawahlunto by using the seismic refraction method. The data were taken from 3 trajectories in areas that have a geological structure of alluvial deposits.Â Data processing was carried out using the Water Seismic Index (WSI) formulation, which is a method of exploiting shear wave retarding as a characteristic of water in the subsurface layers of the soil. WSI value from 0.8 to 2.0 are values that indicate the presence of ground water. From interpretation of data processing obtained that the soil layer in the study area is composed and the top layer in the form of gravel near the surface and the next layer is a layer of dry sand, wet sand, loam and silt loam.Â The aquifer layer is at a depth of 6.5 - 16 m and is categorized as shallow aquifer. The result showed that the former coal mining area of Sijantang village, Sawahlunto still has groundwater that can be used.
Sistem Monitoring dan Notifikasi Penggunaan Air PDAM Berbasis Arduino dan Telegram
Authors: Novelliani Jihan , Wildian Wildian 
Published: March 2022

Telah dirancang sebuah perangkat sistem monitoring dan notifikasi penggunaan air PDAM digital menggunakan sensor water flow. Sensor water flow digunakan untuk mengukur debit air dan power bank sebagai sumber tegangan dengan tegangan input untuk alat yaitu 5V. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino Uno yang menampilkan hasil pengukuran di layar LCD serta berupa notifikasi di aplikasi telegram dengan modul ethernet shield sebagai media transmisi data. Alat yang dihasilkan mampu menampilkan jumlah penggunaan debit air dan biaya penggunaan air secara real time yang dapat diakses dengan menggunakan aplikasi telegram. Pengujian dilakukan dengan memvariasikan volume air dari 1 L sampai 5 L dengan selisih 0,5 L untuk setiap pengujian, Hasil pengujian menunjukkan perangkat sudah dapat bekerja dengan baik. Persentase kesalahan rata-rata sebesar 4.38 % terhadap alat pembanding yaitu gelas ukur.Â A system of monitoring and notification of digital PDAM water using a water flow sensor has been designed. The water flow sensor is used to measure the water debit and power bank as a voltage source with the input voltage for the device called 5V. Data processing is carried out using an Arduino Uno microcontroller which displays the measurement results on the LCD screen as well as a notification in the telegram application with the ethernet shield module as a data transmission medium. The resulting tool's able to display the amount of water discharge usage and water usage fees in real time which can be accessed using the telegram application. The test is carried out by varying the volume of water from 1 L to 5 L with a difference of 0.5 L for each test. The test results show that the device is working properly. The average error percentage is 4.38% for the comparison tool, namely the measuring cup.Â
Pengaruh Penambahan Serat Daun Nanas terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanik Papan Semen Gipsum
Authors: Oktaviani Siska , Puryanti Dwi 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian tentang pengaruh penambahan serat daun nanas terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanik papan semen gipsum telah dilakukan dalam bentuk komposit laminat. Persentase serat daun nanas yang digunakan adalah 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%. Sifat fisis yang diuji meliputi densitas dan daya serap air. Nilai densitas terendah diperoleh pada persentase serat daun nanas 8% yaitu 1,41 kg/cm3. Nilai densitas berbanding terbalik dengan nilai daya serap air. Persentase serat daun nanas 8% memiliki nilai densitas terkecil tetapi daya serap air yang besar. Nilai daya serap air pada persentase serat daun nanas 8% yaitu 39,17%. Pengujian mekanik yang diuji meliputi kuat tekan dan kuat lentur. Alat uji yang digunakan untuk kuat tekan dan kuat lentur adalah Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Nilai kuat tekan 5 kg/cm2 hingga 11,67 kg/cm2 telah memenuhi SNI 03-3449-2002. Nilai kuat lentur tertinggi pada persentase serat 2% dan 6% yaitu 21 kg/cm2 telah memenuhi SNI 01-4449-2006.Â The research on the effect of pineapple leaf fiber addition to the physical and mechanical properties of gypsum cement board has been carried out in the form of laminate composites. The percentage of pineapple leaf fiber used is 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%. Physical properties that were tested including density and water absorption. The lowest density value obtained at pineapple leaf fiber percentage of 8% that is 1.41 kg / cm3. The value of density inversely proportional to the value of water absorption. Percentage of 8% pineapple leaf fiber has the smallest density value but large water absorption. The value of water absorption at pineapple leaf fiber percentage 8%, that is 39.17%. Mechanical properties that were tested including compressive strength and flexural strength. The compressive strength and flexural strength were measured using Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The value of compressive strength that isÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 5 kg/cm2 to 11.67 kg/cm2 meets SNI 03-3449-2002. Highest flexural strength at fiber percentage 2% and 6%, that is 21 kg / cm2 meat SNI 01-4449-2006.Â
Analisis Kurva Profile Dose Menggunakan Lapangan Radiasi Elektron pada Pesawat LINAC Tipe Clinac-Cx di Rs Unand
Authors: Sumitra Nanang , Milvita Dian , Kanie Muhammad Al Jabbar 
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan analisis kurva profile dose menggunakan lapangan radiasi elektron pada pesawat LINAC tipe Clinac-CX di RS Unand. Penelitian ini menggunakan berkas elektron energi 9, 12, 15,18 MeV pada lapangan radiasi no off-set, off-set 1 cm, off-set 3 cm yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh energi dan lapangan radiasi terhadap nilai symmetri, flatness dan penumbra. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai symmetry dan flatness pada tiap energi dan lapangan radiasi masih dalam batas toleransi yang ditetapkan oleh AAPM TG-40 yaitu 3%. Begitu juga dengan nilai penumbra yang diperoleh masih dalam batas toleransi yaitu (10-15) mm.Â Research on the analysis of profile dose curves has been carried out using electron radiation fields on LINAC Clinac-CX type aircraft at Unand Hospital.Â This study uses electron beam energy 9, 12, 15.18 MeV using a radiation field no off-set, off-set 1 cm, off-set 3 cm which aims to determine the effect of energy and radiation field on the symmetry, flatness and penumbra values. The results showed that the symmetry and flatness values in each energy and radiation field were still within the tolerance limits set by the AAPM TG-40 at 3%. As well the penumbra value obtained is still within the tolerance range of 10-15 mm.