bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A first greenhouse application of bacteria-expressed and nanocarrier-delivered RNA pesticide for Myzus persicae control
Authors: Ma Zhongzheng , Zhang Yunhui , Li Mingshan , Chao Zijiao , Du Xiangge , Yan Shuo , Shen Jie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
There are two main limitations for sprayable RNA pesticide development: delivery efficiency and synthetic cost of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). We previously constructed a nanocarrier-based transdermal dsRNA delivery system and a novel bacteria-based hairpin RNA (hpRNA) expression system to solve these challenges. Herein, as a subsequent exploration of RNA pesticide (sprayable ds/hpRNA for pest control), we performed a greenhouse application of bacteria-expressed and nanocarrier-delivered RNA pesticide on green peach aphid. The nanoparticle SPc could combine and deliver dsRNA across the aphid cuticle, and V-type proton ATPase subunits d (ATP-d) and G (ATP-G) were selected as the potential RNA interference (RNAi) targets. Our plasmid- Escherichia coli system simultaneously expressing ATP-d and ATP-G hairpin RNAs (hpRNAs) was constructed for mass production of hpRNA. The expressed hpRNA was mixed with SPc and detergent to form RNA formulation, which showed a certain insecticidal activity through the spray application in the greenhouse. Total control efficacy of our RNA pesticide could reach 61% on 3 d, and maintained at 50% until the sixth day. To our knowledge, our study is the first attempt to apply the bacteria-expressed and nanocarrier-delivered RNA pesticides for pest control in the greenhouse trial, which is beneficial for promoting the development of RNA pesticides.
Microbial And Molecular Differences According To The Location of Head And Neck Cancers
Authors: Kim Yun Kyeong , Kwon Eun Jung , Yu Yeuni , Kim Jayoung , Woo Soo-Yeon , Choi Hee-Sun , Kwon Munju , Jung Keehoon , Kim Hyung-Sik , Park Hae Ryoun , Lee Dongjun , Kim Yun Hak 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background : Microbiome has been shown to substantially contribute to some cancers. However, the diagnostic implications of microbiome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain unknown.Methods : we report for the first time, the molecular difference in the microbiome of oral and non-oral HNSCC. Primary data was downloaded from the Kraken-TCGA dataset. The molecular differences in the microbiome of oral and non-oral HNSCC were identified using the linear discriminant analysis effect size method. Results : In the study, the common microbiomes in oral and non-oral cancers were Fusobacterium, Treponema, and Selenomonas and Clostridium and Massilia, respectively. We found unique microbial signatures that positively and negatively correlated with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways in oral cancer and negatively correlated KEGG pathways in non-oral cancer. In oral cancer, positively correlated genes were mostly found in bacterial infection pathways, while negative correlated genes were involved in HTLV-I infection, signal transduction, cell adhesion, and cancer-associated pathway. In non-oral cancer, positively correlated genes did not show any significant results, and negatively correlated genes showed results from focal adhesion pathway and regulation of actin cytoskeleton pathway.Conclusions : These results could help in understanding the underlying biological mechanisms of the microbiome of oral and non-oral HNSCC. Microbiome-based oncology diagnostic tool warrants further exploration.
Thermal-induced dielectric response in mechanically durable polyvinylidene fluoride/kapok encapsulated polyethylene glycol composite films
Authors: Gong Yutie , Li Zhenzhen , Li Hairong , Wu Wenqi , Pei Xianglin , Tu Junyang , Zhou Weijie , Jiang Ming , Gong Wei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Dielectric materials with thermally responsive property are being pursued in fields such as next-generation sensors, smart switches, and novel actuators. These applications require that the dielectric materials have mechanical durability and stable serviceability besides thermally responsive dielectric behavior. Herein, we report a novel thermally responsive, mechanically durable, and low-cost dielectric composite simply fabricated by vacuum impregnating polyethylene glycol (PEG) into Kapok fiber (KF) and compounding them with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). A remarkable dielectric susceptibility, controlled dielectric transition temperature and obvious thermal hysteresis of the composite films induced by the solid-liquid phase transition of PEG are demonstrated. The effect of molecular weights of PEG on the dielectric response behaviors is evaluated. Such thermally responsive dielectric materials with satisfactory mechanical durability will offer a chance toward constructing thermally responsive systems for safe and stable operation.
Enhanced removal of arsenic from aqueous solution by novel red mud porous beads: batch and column experiments
Authors: Xu Yuxing , Yin Yue , Guo Mengyan , Xu Gaoyang , Li Linlin , Liu Changqing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Arsenic contamination in groundwater and rivers has become a major problem around the world, and may cause severe environment pollution and human health problems. In this study, cost-efficient adsorbent red mud porous beads (RPB), using red mud – a kind of alumina industry by-product, was synthesized for adsorptive removal of arsenic(V) from aqueous solution. Kinetic studies showed that chemisorption mainly governed the adsorption process. The experimental data were fitted well using the Langmuir isotherm, and the equilibrium adsorption capacity for arsenic of 11.758 mg/g at pH = 7 conditions. The effect of pH showed that the pHpzc of RPB was 6.0 and at pH = 6 the removal rate reached nearly 100%. The removal rate decreased from 91.3% to 79.0% with increase in the initial concentration of arsenic from 2.5 to 20 mg/L. The adsorption performance from column studies illustrated that the velocity of flow and the initial concentration influenced the breakthrough time of the column. This study would facilitate the use of red mud, which can be fabricated into RPB, acting as a valuable adsorbent for removing arsenic in aqueous solutions.
Distribution characteristics of antibiotic resistance bacteria and related genes in urban recreational lakes replenished by different supplementary water source
Authors: Li Yongqiang , Zhang Chongmiao , Mou Xiao , Zhang Peipei , Liang Jie , Wang Zhen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The distribution characteristics of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in urban recreational water from different water-supply sources might be different. In this study, water samples were collected to detect the antibiotic resistance of heterotrophic bacteria to five antibiotics, and the content, phenotype, gene type and species distribution of resistant bacteria were analyzed. The results showed that the changes of bacteria resistance rate in two lakes to five kinds of antibiotics were synchronous with time, and it would reach its maximum in autumn. The detection of ARGs and int I in 80 resistance strains showed that the detection rate of tetG, tetA and int I was high. Here, 51.25% of the bacteria were doubly resistant to AMP-CTX. The 80 isolate strains were of nine genera and 19 species, among which Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas caviae and Raoultella ornithinolytica were the common ARB species in two lakes. Correlation analysis showed that the water temperature was significantly correlated with the content of ARB in sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) and cefotaxime (CTX) (p &lt; 0.05), and the total phosphorus (TP) in FQ lake was significantly correlated with the content of AMP-resistant bacteria (p &lt; 0.05), while there were no other correlations between the changes of other water quality indexes and the content of ARB (p &gt; 0.05).
Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and Colorectal Carcinoma: Emerging Non-invasive diagnostic Biomarkers with Potential
Therapeutic Target Based Clinical Implications
Authors: Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) constitute new small non-coding RNA
molecules of around 24-31 nucleotides in length, mostly performing regulatory roles for
the piwi protein family members. In recent times, developing evidence proposes that
piRNAs are expressed in a tissue-specific way in various human tissues and act as
moderate vital signalling pathways at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level in
addition to mammalian germline. Recent findings, however, show that the unusual
expression of piRNAs is an exclusive and discrete feature in several diseases, including
many human cancers. Recently, considerable evidence indicates that piRNAs could be
dysregulated thus playing critical roles in tumorigenesis. The function and underlying
mechanisms of piRNAs in cancer, particularly in colorectal carcinoma, are not fully
understood to date. Abnormal expression of piRNAs is emerging as a critical player in
cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration in vitro and in vivo.
Functionally, piRNAs preserve genomic integrity and regulate the expression of
downstream target genes through transcriptional or post-transcriptional mechanisms by
repressing transposable elements' mobilization. However, little research has been done
to check Piwi and piRNAs' potential role in cancer and preserve genome integrity by
epigenetically silencing transposons via DNA methylation, especially in germline cancer
stem cells. This review reveals emerging insights into piRNA functions in colorectal
carcinoma, revealing novel findings behind various piRNA-mediated gene regulation
mechanisms, biogenetic piRNA processes, and possible applications of piRNAs and piwi
proteins in cancer diagnosis and their potential clinical significance in the treatment of
colorectal carcinoma patients.
Rationale for the Concept of Impending Hypertension-Mediated Organ
Damage
Authors: Koracevic Goran , Stojanovic Milovan , Lovic Dragan , Radovanovic Radmila Velickovic , Koracevic Maja 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The number of patients with hypertension urgencies (HTN-Us) and emergencies
(HTN-Es) in the emergency department is relatively constant despite improved detection, awareness
and control of arterial hypertension.

Objective:
This study analyses the precision of the often-used definition of HTN-E, particularly the
phrase ‘with the evidence of impending or progressive hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD)’.
We then provide a rationale for the concept of impending HMOD.

MethodS:
The databases PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Oxford Press, Wiley, SAGE and Google
Scholar were searched and the relevant definition has been analyzed.

Results:
The definition of HTN-E is suboptimal and requires a consensus on whether to include the
phrase ‘impending hypertensive HMOD’ in the definition.

Conclusion:
A consensus on the principles of treating the ‘impending hypertensive HMOD’ does not
exist, making its use inconsistent in emergency departments worldwide. In this paper, we present a rationale
for the concept of ‘impending HMOD’.
Synthesis of Quinine-Triazole Derivatives (QNTDs) with Antifungal Potency
Authors: Sahu Adarsh , Agrawal Ramkishore 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Reduced efficacy of the available antifungal drugs is the major public health concern of the population all over the world. Despite significant advances in the treatment of these life-threatening infections, severe toxicity and increasing median effective dose have lim-ited the efficacy of frontline therapy applicable against them.

Objective:
The quintessential occurrence of systemic toxicity handicaps the clinical utility of cur-rently available antifungal drugs. 1,2,3-Triazoles in the same context are relatively less toxic. Con-sequently, conjugation of quinine with the triazole moiety for enhanced efficacy and reduced tox-icity have been excessively envisaged and reported in the context of a range of activities ranging from inflammation to cancer, however lack of toxicity profile sabotages the translation of the la-boratory prototype into successful clinical practice.

Method:
We herein report the synthesis and characterization of a series of quinine triazole hybrids via o-mesylation followed by azide displacement, then reacting it with aliphatic and aromatic al-kynes in water: t-butanol mixture. The reaction was carried in the presence of copper sulphate and sodium ascorbate. Product 6a-s was screened for in-vitro antifungal activity. The in-vitro antifungal potential of synthesized compounds was estimated against prominent fungal strains (Candida albi-cans, Aspergillus niger and, Aspergillus clavatus).

Results:
The results showed that some of the synthesized compounds exhibited marked activity. Compounds 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6g, and 6q showed significant antifungal activity at micromolar con-centration. The studies revealed that some of the compounds exhibited activities more than that of reference drugs. The compound containing thiazole ring 6c is the most potent compound of the series.

Conclusion:
Compound 6c was found to be the most vigorous against C. albicans, A. niger, A. clavatus with MIC values of 119.4, 112.7, and 121.3 μM/mL, respectively. Our SAR study re-vealed that the introduction of the 1,2,3-triazole ring in the structure of quinine modulated its po-tency for treating fungal infection.
Identification of Prognostic Biomarkers in Papillary Thyroid Cancer and
Developing Non-Invasive Diagnostic Models Through Integrated Bioinformatics
Analysis
Authors: Oskouie Afsaneh Arefi , Ahmadi Mohammad Saeed , Taherkhani Amir 
Published: January 2022

Background:
For the study purposes, the miRNA dataset GSE130512 was downloaded from the GEO
database and then analyzed to identify the common differentially expressed miRNAs in patients
with non-metastatic PTC (nm-PTC)/metastatic PTC (m-PTC) compared with BTNs. The SVM was
also applied to differentiate patients with PTC from those patients with BTN using the common
DEMs. A protein-protein interaction network was also constructed based on the targets of the common
DEMs. Next, functional analysis was performed, the hub genes were determined, and survival
analysis was then executed.

Methods:
For the study purposes, the miRNA dataset GSE130512 was downloaded from the GEO
database and then analyzed to identify the common differentially expressed miRNAs in patients
with non-metastatic PTC (nm-PTC)/metastatic PTC (m-PTC) compared with BTNs. The SVM was
also applied to differentiate patients with PTC from those patients with BTN using the common
DEMs. A protein-protein interaction network was also constructed based on the targets of the common
DEMs. Next, functional analysis was performed, the hub genes were determined, and survival
analysis was then executed.

Results:
A total of three common miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed among patients
with nm-PTC/m-PTC compared with BTNs. In addition, it was established that the autophagosome
maturation, ciliary basal body-plasma membrane docking, antigen processing as ubiquitination
& proteasome degradation, and class I MHC mediated antigen processing & presentation are
associated with the pathogenesis of PTC. Furthermore, it was illustrated that RPS6KB1, CCNT1,
SP1, and CHD4 might serve as new potential biomarkers for PTC prognosis.

Conclusions:
RPS6KB1, CCNT1, SP1, and CHD4 may be considered new potential biomarkers
used for prognostic aims in PTC. However, performing validation tests is inevitable in the future.
The Risk of Opportunistic Infections in Patients with Inflammatory
Bowel Disease
Authors: Ghanaeipour Maede , Behnaminia Nima , Khadem Erfan , Nafari Amirhossein 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
Immunity-related issues are the main concerns of patients undergoing in-flammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment. The treatment of IBD during the last decade has evolved due to the ever-increasing utilization of immunomodulators, which has caused the poten-tial of contracting opportunistic infections to become the main immunity concern for patients affected by IBD.

Methods:
Studies on opportunistic infections in patients with IBD identified in databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were reviewed and included.

Results:
IBD patients are a high-risk population for opportunistic infections, with age being a significant factor. The primary therapy for IBD patients includes the suppression of the immunity system, together with immunodeficiency and biological treatments, which, first of all, must be standardized. Since treatment with suppressive medicine, which is the original method for curing IBD, causes viral infections and the growth of various bacteria, factors suppressing the body's immunity system must be temporarily suspended, or the consumption dosage of sensitive antibi-otics should be reduced. Biological treatment and anti-integrin antibodies will lead to the danger of being affected by opportunistic infections in patients with IBD.

Conclusion:
Worldwide research society must conduct further research into a therapeutic strategy for IBD patients to reduce susceptibility and the risk of opportunistic infection. Information about how these individuals and the medicines they were given reacted to different infections and more detailed clinical observations are required.
Acoustic and Facial Features From Clinical Interviews for Machine Learning–Based Psychiatric Diagnosis: Algorithm Development
Authors: Birnbaum Michael L , Abrami Avner , Heisig Stephen , Ali Asra , Arenare Elizabeth , Agurto Carla , Lu Nathaniel , Kane John M , Cecchi Guillermo 
Published: January 2022

Background
In contrast to all other areas of medicine, psychiatry is still nearly entirely reliant on subjective assessments such as patient self-report and clinical observation. The lack of objective information on which to base clinical decisions can contribute to reduced quality of care. Behavioral health clinicians need objective and reliable patient data to support effective targeted interventions.

Objective
We aimed to investigate whether reliable inferences—psychiatric signs, symptoms, and diagnoses—can be extracted from audiovisual patterns in recorded evaluation interviews of participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and bipolar disorder.

Methods
We obtained audiovisual data from 89 participants (mean age 25.3 years; male: 48/89, 53.9%; female: 41/89, 46.1%): individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n=41), individuals with bipolar disorder (n=21), and healthy volunteers (n=27). We developed machine learning models based on acoustic and facial movement features extracted from participant interviews to predict diagnoses and detect clinician-coded neuropsychiatric symptoms, and we assessed model performance using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) in 5-fold cross-validation.

Results
The model successfully differentiated between schizophrenia spectrum disorders and bipolar disorder (AUROC 0.73) when aggregating face and voice features. Facial action units including cheek-raising muscle (AUROC 0.64) and chin-raising muscle (AUROC 0.74) provided the strongest signal for men. Vocal features, such as energy in the frequency band 1 to 4 kHz (AUROC 0.80) and spectral harmonicity (AUROC 0.78), provided the strongest signal for women. Lip corner–pulling muscle signal discriminated between diagnoses for both men (AUROC 0.61) and women (AUROC 0.62). Several psychiatric signs and symptoms were successfully inferred: blunted affect (AUROC 0.81), avolition (AUROC 0.72), lack of vocal inflection (AUROC 0.71), asociality (AUROC 0.63), and worthlessness (AUROC 0.61).

Conclusions
This study represents advancement in efforts to capitalize on digital data to improve diagnostic assessment and supports the development of a new generation of innovative clinical tools by employing acoustic and facial data analysis.
The Beneficial Effect of the First COVID-19 Lockdown on Undergraduate Students of Education: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Joseph Gili , Schori Hadas 
Published: January 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has been spreading consistently since the beginning of 2020. On February 27, 2020, the first patient with coronavirus was diagnosed in Israel. On March 14, 2020, the Israeli government declared a general lockdown that lasted about a month, which altered the lives of the entire population.

Objective
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the change in the well-being, physical activity, and sleep quality of undergraduate students of education at 2 time points: before (November 2019) and during (April 2020) the first COVID-19 lockdown.

Methods
In total, 533 undergraduate students of education submitted an online questionnaire before the lockdown and at its end. The questionnaire comprised 4 parts: a (1) sociodemographic and (2) weekly exercise questionnaire taken from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form; (3) sleep quality, rated using the Mini Sleep Questionnaire; and (4) well-being, rated using the short version of the Mental Health Inventory. This was a pre-post prospective cohort questionnaire study.

Results
It was predicted that there would be a decrease in the aforementioned parameters. Contrary to all expectations, an increase was observed in all 3. Results showed that during the lockdown, there was an increase in the level of exercise students engaged in. Overall, 102 (61.4%) of 166 students engaged in a greater amount of physical activity during the COVID-19 lockdown compared to 150 (40.9%) of 367 students who engaged in a greater amount of physical activity before COVID-19. Levels of sleep quality (mean 5.34 [SD 0.92] vs mean 5.12 [SD 0.46], P=.02) and well-being (mean 3.79 [SD 0.62] vs mean 3.67 [SD 0.59], P=.02) were also higher during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that undergraduate students seem to have taken advantage of the change in lifestyle due to the lockdown, directing the free time toward improving health by engaging in more physical activity, thus improving sleep quality and well-being.