bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model-based approach to designing developmental toxicology experiments using sea urchin embryos
Authors: Collins Michael D. , Cui Elvis Han , Hyun Seung Won , Wong Weng Kee 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe key aim of this paper is to suggest a more quantitative approach to designing a dose–response experiment, and more specifically, a concentration–response experiment. The work proposes a departure from the traditional experimental design to determine a dose–response relationship in a developmental toxicology study. It is proposed that a model-based approach to determine a dose–response relationship can provide the most accurate statistical inference for the underlying parameters of interest, which may be estimating one or more model parameters or pre-specified functions of the model parameters, such as lethal dose, at maximal efficiency. When the design criterion or criteria can be determined at the onset, there are demonstrated efficiency gains using a more carefully selected model-based optimal design as opposed to an ad-hoc empirical design. As an illustration, a model-based approach was theoretically used to construct efficient designs for inference in a developmental toxicity study of sea urchin embryos exposed to trimethoprim. This study compares and contrasts the results obtained using model-based optimal designs versus an ad-hoc empirical design.
Spatial and Seasonal Structure of Bacterial Communities Within Alpine Vineyards: Trentino as a Case Study
Authors: Guzzon Raffaele , Bertoldi Daniela , Roman Tomas , Zanzotti Roberto , Franciosi Elena 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBacteria have a fundamental role in determining the fitness of grapevine, the composition of grapes and the features of wines but at present, little information is available. In this work, the bacteria colonizing the different portions of grapevine (bark, leaves and grapes) were explored in the vineyards of the Alpine region of Trentino, considering the impact of different environmental and agronomical variables. The vineyards included in the work were selected based on their different geographical positions (altitude) and grapevine training systems in order to explore the whole variability of the grapevine ecosystem. Moreover, the surface amount of copper was measured on grapes and leaves during the vegetative growth. Bacterial analysis, performed using plate counts and Illumina MiSeq, revealed an increase in the concentration of grape bacteria proportional to the progress of the ripening stage. Conversely, the peak of bacterial concentration onto leaf and bark samples occurred in August, probably due to the more favourable environmental conditions. In bark samples, the bacterial microbiota reached the 7 log CFU/cm2, while 6 log UFC/g were measured in grape samples. A remarkable biodiversity was observed, with 13 phyla, 35 classes, 55 orders, 78 families and 95 genera of bacteria present. The presence of some taxa (Alphaproteobacteria, Desulfovibrionaceae, Clostriadiales, Oscillospira, Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroidales) was ubiquitous in all vineyards, but differences in terms of relative abundance were observed according to the vegetative stage, altitude of the vineyard and training system. Bacteria having oenological implication (Lactobacillus, Pediococcus and Oenococcus) were detected in grape samples collected in August, in low abundance. The data revealed a complex bacterial ecosystem inside the vineyard that, while maintaining common traits, evolves according to environmental and agronomical inputs. This study contributes to define the role of bacteria in the complex balance established in each vineyard between human actions and agricultural environment, known as terroir.
An eco-friendly facile approach for imparting multifunctional protection properties to cellulose/wool blends
Authors: Ibrahim Nabil A. , Eid Basma M. , Emam El-Amir M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA green facile nano-finishing route was developed to impart high antibacterial efficacy, UV-protection, self-cleaning and anti-wrinkle functions to cotton/wool and viscose/wool blends using TiO2, and/or Ag-NPs, as active ingredients, along with citric acid and/or succinic acid/ SHP as ester-crosslinking/fixing systems. The data so obtained demonstrated that outstanding durable functional properties can be achieved using the following formulation: TiO2/Ag-NPs (20 g/L each), citric acid/SHP (50 g/L/30 g/L) and the pad- dry microwave fixation at 1300 W for 5 min. SEM and EDX analysis for selected samples as well mode of interactions among the nominated finishing ingredients and the treated substrates were also investigated.
Zertifizierung von Cardiac-Arrest-Zentren
Authors: Grübl T. , Nauheimer D. , Wolff H. , Gehret G. , Rott N. , Schmidbauer W. , Schieffer B. , Gliwitzky B. 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Versorgung von Patienten mit bzw. nach einem Kreislaufstillstand ist besonders komplex und sollte in einem Cardiac Arrest Center (CAC) erfolgen. Zur Etablierung der CAC finden Zertifizierungen mit regelmäßigen Reaudits statt. Dieser Artikel beschreibt den Zertifizierungsprozess. Die Zertifizierung zum CAC ist ein mehrstufiger Prozess und nimmt insgesamt etwa ein Jahr Zeit in Anspruch. Ein CAC vereint multidisziplinär alle relevanten prä- und innerklinischen Akteure. Die vorgegebene Infrastruktur, evidenzbasierte Behandlungsalgorithmen und eine systematische Ausbildung sind zu organisieren. Im Rahmen regelmäßiger Konferenzen sind die Abläufe anhand statistischer Auswertungen zu evaluieren und Ansätze zur Prozessoptimierung zu etablieren. Entscheidend ist die fokussierte Organisation dieses Zentrums, sodass Patienten mit ähnlichen Gegebenheiten und Voraussetzungen den annähernd gleichen Behandlungspfad erfahren, ohne dass dies von einzelnen Akteuren abhängig wäre. Multidisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit, präzise Vorgehensweisen unter hoher Patientensicherheit und exakter Dokumentation sichern das Zertifizierungsziel. Das Ergebnis dieser Maßnahmen führt zur Behandlungsoptimierung und Outcomeverbesserung von Patienten mit bzw. nach Kreislaufstillstand. In den aktualisierten internationalen Reanimationsleitlinien von 2020/21 führte dies zu einer stärkeren Empfehlung für die Etablierung von CAC.
Altered DNA methylation in kidney disease: useful markers and therapeutic targets
Authors: Hayashi Kaori 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated the association of altered epigenomes with lifestyle-related diseases. Epigenetic regulation promotes biological plasticity in response to environmental changes, and such plasticity may cause a ‘memory effect’, a sustained effect of transient treatment or an insult in the course of lifestyle-related diseases. We investigated the significance of epigenetic changes in several genes required for renal integrity, including the nephrin gene in podocytes, and the sustained anti-proteinuric effect, focusing on the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4). We further reported the role of the DNA repair factor lysine-acetyl transferase 5 (KAT5), which acts coordinately with KLF4, in podocyte injury caused by a hyperglycemic state through the acceleration of DNA damage and epigenetic alteration. In contrast, KAT5 in proximal tubular cells prevents acute kidney injury via glomerular filtration regulation by an epigenetic mechanism as well as promotion of DNA repair, indicating the cell type-specific action and roles of DNA repair factors. This review summarizes epigenetic alterations in kidney diseases, especially DNA methylation, and their utility as markers and potential therapeutic targets. Focusing on transcription factors or DNA damage repair factors associated with epigenetic changes may be meaningful due to their cell-specific expression or action. We believe that a better understanding of epigenetic alterations in the kidney will lead to the development of a novel strategy for chronic kidney disease (CKD) treatment.
Fluid-structure interaction simulation of tissue degradation and its effects on intra-aneurysm hemodynamics
Authors: Wang Haifeng , Uhlmann Klemens , Vedula Vijay , Balzani Daniel , Varnik Fathollah 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTissue degradation plays a crucial role in vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and aneurysms. Computational modeling of vascular hemodynamics incorporating both arterial wall mechanics and tissue degradation has been a challenging task. In this study, we propose a novel finite element method-based approach to model the microscopic degradation of arterial walls and its interaction with blood flow. The model is applied to study the combined effects of pulsatile flow and tissue degradation on the deformation and intra-aneurysm hemodynamics. Our computational analysis reveals that tissue degradation leads to a weakening of the aneurysmal wall, which manifests itself in a larger deformation and a smaller von Mises stress. Moreover, simulation results for different heart rates, blood pressures and aneurysm geometries indicate consistently that, upon tissue degradation, wall shear stress increases near the flow-impingement region and decreases away from it. These findings are discussed in the context of recent reports regarding the role of both high and low wall shear stress for the progression and rupture of aneurysms.
The role of channel height and actuation method on particle manipulation in surface acoustic wave (SAW)-driven microfluidic devices
Authors: Devendran Citsabehsan , Collins David J. , Neild Adrian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSurface acoustic wave (SAW) micromanipulation offers modularity, easy integration into microfluidic devices and a high degree of flexibility. A major challenge for acoustic manipulation, however, is the existence of a lower limit on the minimum particle size that can be manipulated. As particle size reduces, the drag force resulting from acoustic streaming dominates over acoustic radiation forces; reducing this threshold is key to manipulating smaller specimens. To address this, we investigate a novel excitation configuration based on diffractive-acoustic SAW (DASAW) actuation and demonstrate a reduction in the critical minimum particle size which can be manipulated. DASAW exploits the inherent diffractive effects arising from a limited transducer area in a microchannel, requiring only a travelling SAW (TSAW) to generate time-averaged pressure gradients. We show that these acoustic fields focus particles at the channel walls, and further compare this excitation mode with more typical standing SAW (SSAW) actuation. Compared to SSAW, DASAW reduces acoustic streaming effects whilst generating a comparable pressure field. The result of these factors is a critical particle size with DASAW (1 $$\upmu$$
μ
m) that is significantly smaller than that for SSAW actuation (1.85 $$\upmu$$
μ
m), for polystyrene particles and a given $$\lambda _{\text {SAW}}$$

λ
SAW

= 200 $$\upmu$$
μ
m. We further find that streaming magnitude can be tuned in a DASAW system by changing the channel height, noting optimum channel heights for particle collection as a function of the fluid wavelength at which streaming velocities are minimised in both DASAW and SSAW devices.
Risk Factors for COVID-19 Mortality Among People Living with HIV: A Scoping Review
Authors: Varshney Karan , Ghosh Prerana , Stiles Helena , Iriowen Rosemary 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPeople living with HIV (PLWH) are particularly vulnerable to worsened outcomes of COVID-19. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to provide a scoping review of the literature to assess the risk factors for COVID-19 mortality among PLWH. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR), searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Global Health, and WHO Coronavirus Database. Articles were eligible for inclusion if they were in English, included PLWH who died after COVID-19 infection, and described risk factors for mortality. Results were descriptively synthesized and pooled thereafter. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Brigg Institute’s critical appraisal tools. 20 studies were eligible for inclusion, with the pooled death rate being 11.7%. Age was a major risk factor, especially after 50 (23.2%) and after 70 (41.8%), and males had a death rate nearly double that of females. As total comorbidities increased, the death rate also greatly increased; among those with comorbidities, the highest fatality rates were those with cardiovascular disease (30.2%), chronic kidney disease (23.5%), obesity (22.4%), and diabetes (18.4%). Other risk factors for mortality among PLWH included having a Black racial background, being an injection drug user, being a smoker, and having a CD4 cell count below 200. There is a need to better study confounding factors, and to understand how vaccination influences mortality risk. Overall, the findings highlight a need to ensure that focus is placed on the varying demographics of PLWH amidst COVID-19 control efforts.
Ki-67 and breast cancer prognosis: does it matter if Ki-67 level is examined using preoperative biopsy or postoperative specimen?
Authors: Choi Soon Bo , Park Jung Min , Ahn Jee Hyun , Go Jieon , Kim Jeeye , Park Hyung Seok , Kim Seung Il , Park Byeong-Woo , Park Seho 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to identify the association between Ki-67 level and the prognosis of patients with breast cancer, regardless of the timing of Ki-67 testing (using preoperative biopsy vs. postoperative specimen).

Methods
A total of 4177 patients underwent surgery between January 2008 and December 2016. Immunohistochemical Ki-67 levels, using either preoperative (1673) or postoperative (2831) specimens, were divided into four groups using cutoff points of 10%, 15%, and 20%.

Results
Groups with higher-Ki-67 levels, in both the pre- and postoperative periods, showed significantly larger tumor size, higher grade, more frequent hormone receptor-negativity and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 overexpression, and active adjuvant treatments than groups with lower-Ki-67 levels. High-Ki-67 levels were also significantly associated with poor survival, irrespective of the timing of specimen examination.

Conclusion
Despite the problems associated with Ki-67, Ki-67 level is an important independent prognostic factor, regardless of the timing of Ki-67 testing, i.e., preoperative or postoperative testing.
Are born global firms really a “new breed” of exporters? Empirical evidence from an emerging market
Authors: Moen Øystein , Falahat Mohammad , Lee Yan-Yin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study investigates and compares born global (BG) firms and non-BG firms in Malaysia. We employed the multigroup analysis technique with structural equation models to test six hypotheses to determine the differences and similarities between two proposed models of BG and non-BG firms across a wide range of industries. The study reveals differences between the antecedents of marketing capabilities for BGs versus non-BGs, indicating that the performance enabling mechanisms differ between the groups. More precisely, the ability of BG firms to convert digital and entrepreneurial orientations into marketing capabilities is found to be a distinguishing characteristic of these firms. Moreover, non-BGs utilize government support to build marketing capabilities and obtain superior performance in the international market. This result suggests that governmental export promotion initiatives in Malaysia should be adjusted to increase relevance for BGs. The findings indicate that marketing capabilities play an essential role in the international market performance of both BGs and non-BGs. An important implication is that managerial focus and actions need to be adjusted depending on the type of firm. The two types of firms are not equal; if they are managed similarly, misjudgment will arise.
Shape binary patterns: an efficient local descriptor and keypoint detector for point clouds
Authors: Romero-González Cristina , García-Varea Ismael , Martínez-Gómez Jesus 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMany of the research problems in robot vision involve the detection of keypoints, areas with salient information in the input images and the generation of local descriptors, that encode relevant information for such keypoints. Computer vision solutions have recently relied on Deep Learning techniques, which make extensive use of the computational capabilities available. In autonomous robots, these capabilities are usually limited and, consequently, images cannot be processed adequately. For this reason, some robot vision tasks still benefit from a more classic approach based on keypoint detectors and local descriptors. In 2D images, the use of binary representations for visual tasks has shown that, with lower computational requirements, they can obtain a performance comparable to classic real-value techniques. However, these achievements have not been fully translated to 3D images, where research is mainly focused on real-value approaches. Thus, in this paper, we propose a keypoint detector and local descriptor based on 3D binary patterns. The experimentation demonstrates that our proposal is competitive against state-of-the-art techniques, while its processing can be performed more efficiently.
Multi Clustering Recommendation System for Fashion Retail
Authors: Bellini Pierfrancesco , Palesi Luciano Alessandro Ipsaro , Nesi Paolo , Pantaleo Gianni 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFashion retail has a large and ever-increasing popularity and relevance, allowing customers to buy anytime finding the best offers and providing satisfactory experiences in the shops. Consequently, Customer Relationship Management solutions have been enhanced by means of several technologies to better understand the behaviour and requirements of customers, engaging and influencing them to improve their shopping experience, as well as increasing the retailers’ profitability. Current solutions on marketing provide a too general approach, pushing and suggesting on most cases, the popular or most purchased items, losing the focus on the customer centricity and personality. In this paper, a recommendation system for fashion retail shops is proposed, based on a multi clustering approach of items and users’ profiles in online and on physical stores. The proposed solution relies on mining techniques, allowing to predict the purchase behaviour of newly acquired customers, thus solving the cold start problems which is typical of the systems at the state of the art. The presented work has been developed in the context of Feedback project partially founded by Regione Toscana, and it has been conducted on real retail company Tessilform, Patrizia Pepe mark. The recommendation system has been validated in store, as well as online.
Hybrid Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing of Ti–6Al–4V: Processing, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Tosi R. , Muzangaza E. , Tan X. P. , Wimpenny D. , Attallah M. M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Processing, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the hybrid electron beam powder bed fusion (E-PBF) additive manufacturing of Ti–6Al–4V have been investigated. We explore the possibility of integrating the substrate as a part of the final component as a repair, integrated, or consolidated part. Various starting plate surface conditions are used to understand the joining behavior and their microstructural properties in the bonding region between the plate and initial deposited layers. It is found that mechanical failures mainly occur within the substrate region due to the dominant plastic strains localized in the weaker Ti–6Al–4V substrate. The hybrid concept is successfully proven with satisfactory bonding performance between the E-PBF build and substrate. This investigation improves the practice of using the hybrid E-PBF additive manufacturing technique and provides basic understanding to this approach.
Effect of Holding Time on Populations of Microparticles in Spheroidal Graphite Irons
Authors: Michels L. , Pires A. J. F. , Ribeiro C. A. S. , Kroka B. , Hoel E. G. , Ott E. , Hartung C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Non-metallic microparticles in spheroidal graphite irons are a product of the inoculation and the Mg-treatment of the liquid melt. Besides the influence on the mechanical properties of these iron–carbon–silicon alloys, they are also responsible for the nucleation and the morphology of the graphite phase. The present investigation is undertaken to study holding time effects of a (Ba, Ca, Al)–ferrosilicon (called Ba-inoculant) and (Ca, Al)–ferrosilicon (called Ca-inoculant) inoculants on the overall distribution of microparticles. Using the 2D to 3D conversions method, which is typically used for graphite nodules, the non-metallic microparticles’ statistical parameters, such as size distributions and number densities, are quantified. The total number of particles is similar after Mg-treatment and inoculation for Ca-inoculant but not for Ba-inoculated samples, which lose approximately 25 pct of microparticles after 1 minute of holding time. Iron treated with the Ca-inoculant loses about 37 pct of its nodules after 5 minutes, while the Ba-inoculated melts maintain their performance even after 10 minutes. Based on extrapolating the trend of the undercooling, Ba-inoculated samples would reach the uninoculated undercooling values in 48 minutes, while Ca-inoculated samples in only 11 minutes. By evaluating the size distributions of the non-metallic microparticles, the Ostwald ripening hypothesis or particle aggregation can be verified. The results suggest that sulfides are more critical for graphite nucleation since they can be correlated with the graphite number densities. However, due to the small difference in the microparticle population of the uninoculated sample with Ca-inoculated samples, other aspects of the fading mechanism need to be considered, such as transient metastable states, since the central hypothesis of loss of inclusions cannot alone explain the decrease in the nucleation frequency of graphite.
Emerging Internet of Things driven carbon nanotubes-based devices
Authors: Zhang Shu , Pang Jinbo , Li Yufen , Yang Feng , Gemming Thomas , Wang Kai , Wang Xiao , Peng Songang , Liu Xiaoyan , Chang Bin , Liu Hong , Zhou Weijia , Cuniberti Gianaurelio , Rümmeli Mark H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted great attentions in the field of electronics, sensors, healthcare, and energy conversion. Such emerging applications have driven the carbon nanotube research in a rapid fashion. Indeed, the structure control over CNTs has inspired an intensive research vortex due to the high promises in electronic and optical device applications. Here, this in-depth review is anticipated to provide insights into the controllable synthesis and applications of high-quality CNTs. First, the general synthesis and post-purification of CNTs are briefly discussed. Then, the state-of-the-art electronic device applications are discussed, including field-effect transistors, gas sensors, DNA biosensors, and pressure gauges. Besides, the optical sensors are delivered based on the photoluminescence. In addition, energy applications of CNTs are discussed such as thermoelectric energy generators. Eventually, future opportunities are proposed for the Internet of Things (IoT) oriented sensors, data processing, and artificial intelligence.