bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finnish Project: Karelian Workers’ Commune
Authors: Kangaspuro Markku 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The establishment of Soviet Karelia in 1920 resulted from a captivating mix of factors: the Russian Civil War, the normalization of Finnish-Russian state relations, the institutionalization of the Soviet Union's state structure, and the emancipation of the minority nations of the former Russian empire. After the independence of Finland, Soviet Russia met Finnish demands to expand its borders to eastern Karelia. The establishment of Karelian national autonomy was a compromise that both parties could accept in order to clear a path to the Tartu peace negotiations of 1920. Karelia's Finnish leadership needed American Finns to meet the demand for a qualified workforce in its timber industry and to ensure that the Finnish-Karelian proportion of the republic's population would not drop below 40 to 50 percent. It was the misfortune of American Finns that they arrived in Karelia at a moment when the Soviet Union turned toward Stalinism, resulting in purges and the removal of Finns from the leadership of Karelia.
The Kalevala's Languages: Receptions, Myths, and Ideologies
Authors: Tarkka Lotte , Stepanova Eila , Haapoja-Mäkelä Heidi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In Finland, the epic Kalevala (1835, 1849) and Kalevala-meter poetry, or oral folk poetry more generally, are often seen as nationally significant symbols of Finnishness. The Kalevala is a modern literary product constructed by Elias Lönnrot out of Finnic folk poetry especially from Russian Karelia, Finland, and Ingria. Lönnrot, who was himself among the most significant collectors of oral poetry, created the Kalevala as a synthetic, organized compendium of (reconstructed) pre-modern “Finnish” culture. Beginning from the publication of the first edition in 1835, the Kalevala has been extremely significant in the creation of Finnish national and ethnic identity.
In this article, we discuss the engenderment of Finnishness and Finnish culture in terms of language ideologies by looking closely at the Kalevala's languages, language-specific reception of the epic, Lönnrot's language ideologies, and politics of language standardization in the contexts of the Grand Duchy of Finland and Russia. We argue that in these processes, Finnish was strongly symbolized and given a mythological charter: it was the language encapsulating ancestral heritage, and it was the language that theFinns were obliged to develop, learn, and teach. For the needs of the nation, the language had to be refined and homogenized, made into a standard language. In this process, the Karelian language and culture were implicitly absorbed into Finnish cultural heritage but not recognized and valued as coeval cultural realities: in both Finnish and Russian discourses, Karelia represented the past of the present-day Finnishness, but not the present day of Karelianness.
Kalevala Ecology: Bioregional Aesthetics and Sámi Environmental Autonomy
Authors: Lehtonen Jonathan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
An ecocritical reevaluation of the Kalevala and its contexts reveals the merging of nationalist discourses with a broader Finno-Ugric environmental aesthetic tradition in the period leading up to Finnish independence. Although the Kalevala and the nationalism it inspired led to oppression of the Sámi minority in northern Finland, analyzing the Kalevala as a “bioregional” epic in light of the environmental aesthetics of the Sámi joik tradition can potentially heal divisions created by Finnish nationalism.
Mobility Reports: Artistic Representations of Mobility Experiences
Authors: Kurki Tuulikki , Kaskinen Saija 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The new mobility paradigm has expanded from geographically related mobility to various forms of sociocultural and intercultural mobility, which are studied through multidisciplinary approaches. This article focuses on the individual experiences of mobility and various embodied border crossings represented in artistic genres and performances in the context of Finland. The theoretical background of the article draws on literature research and cultural anthropology, which both include the discussions initiated by the affective and iconic turn in cultural studies. The affective turn promotes the move from constructionism to the broad framework of new materialism that links critical theory and cultural criticism to bodily matter and matter in general. The iconic turn seeks to acknowledge that artistic and visual cognition of reality is to be understood as equal to scientific forms of representation. People's understanding of the world is based on experiences that have a bodily and material foundation and consist of both individually formed and culturally learned elements. Because artistic genres constitute a specific form of knowledge that has its foundation in (bodily) experiences, this article claims that studying artistic genres in the context of mobility can provide a new understanding and ways of conceptualizing of a mobile subject and mobility experience.
Bordering Mobilities: The Case of Russian Trans-Border Second-Home Ownership in Finland
Authors: Hannonen Olga 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Trans-border second-home ownership is a growing mobility trend in different parts of the world. This paper employs both a mobilities and border perspective in considering trans-border second-home ownership through the example of Russian second-home mobility in Finland. The analysis highlights the importance of borders and bordering in contemporary trans-border mobilities—an importance that the new paradigm has yet to fully recognize and address. The argument in the paper is constructed through three empirical perspectives: Russian second-home owners, Finnish locals and second-home owners, and parliamentary discussions. The results show that the border and the bordering process are present in multiple ways in Russian trans-border second-home mobilities. The border is a regulator of mobility; it is an attraction; it is an invisible barrier in everyday life; and it is a means of differentiation between “us” and “them.”
The Emergence of a Nationalistic Vernacular: The Ideal Peasant Man and the Roma People as His Antagonists
Authors: Stark Eija 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article discusses ethnic folklore as mirroring the ideals of peasant culture in Finland until the first half of the twentieth century. Using folk narratives about the Finnish Roma and proverbs as told by Finnish rural peasants, I investigate how such elements of everyday communication laid bare notions of social hierarchies. Historically, the sense of belonging to a nation has often been “invented” by the majority or by the people in power. Because the collecting of Finnish folklore was conducted primarily with an idealized notion of the peasant majority in mind, minority folklore or urban elements of life appeared inauthentic and thus not worthy of collection. Unlike the sedentary population, the Finnish Roma were itinerant, and they specifically became an object of ethnic folklore. The aim here is to understand the role of narrative culture in creating and maintaining institutionalized social differences.
O cassinismo como fator de desenvolvimento turístico: uma análise comparativa entre Brasil e Portugal. Tramitação processual (2014-2021).
Authors: Silva Chaves Maria Gabriela , Toniolo de Oliveira Bruno , Toledo de Lima Raiane , Pereira Fedrizzi Valéria Luiza 
Published: November 2022

A prática de jogos de apostas esportivas (azar), ou cassinismo, é uma atividade proibida no Brasil desde 1946 (decreto-lei 9.215/1946), tendo passado por fases de legalização e proibição. Sendo os jogos de apostas parte integrante da cultura humana, objetivou-se tratar sobre a sua possível retomada de forma lícita e organizada que, segundo a revisão da literatura, encontra-se em evidência, tendo como foco para essa pesquisa o desenvolvimento turístico e econômico para os destinos (cidades). A importância da discussão do tema também se dá pelo fato de o Brasil ser um dos poucos países onde ainda é considerado um ato ilegal, cuja postura acarreta a uma perda significante de recolhimento de impostos para o poder público. A fim de debater sobre os possíveis cenários que a aprovação acarretaria ao país, realizou-se uma revisão de literatura tanto do histórico dos jogos de azar como também da situação atual da prática legalizada, além de uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório-comparativo tendo como base a legislação brasileira PL 530/2019 de autoria do deputado federal, Excelentíssimo Senhor Paulo Vellozo Dantas Azi e atualmente está em tramitação e aguarda deliberação do plenário em paralelo com o Decreto Lei n° 422/87 de Portugal, que é referência entre destinos de cassinismo. .A escolha pautou-se na língua em comum entre os dois países, a caracterização desse mercado bem segmentado, e sua ampla expansão em Portugal. Devido à extensão e complexidade dos objetos legislativos investigados. Foram selecionadas três partes para análise documental, sendo: a) processo de implantação, b) terminologia de acesso, e c) recursos econômicos. Nesse sentido, os textos legislativos foram extraídos e interpretados. Os resultados indicam que a autorização do cassinismo no Brasil teria muito a agregar no rendimento financeiro (divisas) e surgimento de novos postos de trabalho, mas acima de tudo acarretaria na intensificação da atividade turística devido ao seu alto poder de atração e entretenimento.
Ecossistema empreendedor turístico e universidades: uma análise dos cursos de turismo e hotelaria da Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Authors: Leite Angela Roberta Lucas , Comprido Samuel dos Santos , Gomes Bruno Martins Augusto , Gimenez Fernando Antonio Prado 
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho objetiva compreender como os cursos de turismo e hotelaria, da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) podem incentivar o fortalecimento do ecossistema empreendedor de São Luís a partir de suas disciplinas e dos grupos de pesquisa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória documental, baseada no modelo GEM (Global Entrepreneruship Monitor), que realça a importância da educação, capacitação, pesquisa e desenvolvimento na formação, criação e gestão de pequenos negócios e fortalecimento da economia. Defato, o planejamento didático, político- institucional e estratégico, os grupos de pesquisa e a infraestrutura aproximam os alunos dos cursosde Turismo e Hotelaria à realidade do mercado, e, no caso de EE de São Luís. Conclui-se, portanto, a existência de um agente fomentadordo EE turístico, com diversas práticas para o desenvolvimento da atividade turística local, mas que ainda precisam ser fortalecidas pelo tripéacademia-governo-mercado.
الرجز عند أصحاب الحسين (عليه السلام) دراسة تحليلية
Authors: حاكم حبيب محمد 
Published: November 2022

الحمد لله الذي لا يفره المنع والجمود، ولا يكديه الإعطاء والجود، إذ كل معط منتقص سواه، وكل مذموم ما خلاه، هو المنّان بفوائد النعم، وعوائد المزيد والقسم، عياله الخلق ضمن أرزاقهم وقدّر أقواتهم، ونهج سبيل الراغبين اليه والطالبين ما لديه، وصلى الله على محمد واله.
إنَّ الكلام عن أصحاب الإمام الحسين (عليه السلام) مهما كان مسهبا، لم يكن وافيا في تصوير القيم التي تربوا ونضجوا عليها، فإذا قرأنا كل المعارك الإسلامية وما سبقها في التاريخ، نجد أنَّ المقاتل يكون بين احتمالين اما أنْ يقتل، أو ينجو، وذلك؛ حسب نوع المعركة وظروفها، فمن يشترك فيها هو من يقدّر طبيعة الخطر الذي يحيط به، لكن عندما يكون الحديث عن أصحاب أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) فلم يكن امامهم سوى خيار واحد وهو القتل بين يديه (عليه السلام)، ومع هذا اليقين بالقتل، كان هناك يقين أشد ثباتا وتثبيتا لهم، وهو الشهادة وما يحظى به الشهيد عند الله سبحانه، لذلك خرجوا لملاقاة الحتوف، وقضوا في يوم ومكان واحد. فالأحاديث عنهم وعن أنسابهم متشعبة وضاربة في عمق الكرامة، لذا صار لزاما علينا أن نكتب عن هؤلاء الأصحاب، فوقع الاختيار على العنوان الأتي: (أراجيز أصحاب الحسين -عليه السلام- دراسة فنية). جاء البحث مقسما على مبحثين، الاول هو: (المقدمات العقائدية في الارجوزة)، والمبحث الثاني (مقدمات الفخر في الارجوزة)، سبق ذلك مقدمة تناولنا فيها خطة البحث، والتمهيد الذي تعرض لتعريف الاراجيز، وفي أي زمن بدأت، وفي أي وقت كانت تستعمل، ثم الحديث عن أصحاب الحسين (عليه السلام) وكان الكلام فيه مجملا، ثم الخاتمة التي تعرضت لأبرز النتائج، وبعض النتائج الاخرى جاءت بارزة ضمن ورقات هذا البحث. أما الصعوبات الحقيقة هي أننا لم نجد ترجمة كافية لكل فرد من الأصحاب، فكتب معظم المسلمين من الفريقين، القديمة والحديثة، على الأقل التي اطلعنا عليها، لم نجدها تلتفت الى الخوض في تفاصيل حياتهم، أو التعريف بهم ولو بايجاز، بل هناك من الكتب التي تحدثت عن أصحاب الحسين (عليه السلام) لم تذكر تلك الاسماء كاملة، فهي ليست كتب تراجم بقدر ماهي كتب تاريخية تتحدث عن واقعة الطف واستشهاد هؤلاء النفر مع الإمام الحسين (عليه السلام)، من هذه الكتب (أنصار الحسين في ملحمة كربلاء، للمؤلف عمار الخزرجي) الذي تطرق الكاتب فيه الى الساعة التي كان يبرز فيها أي من هؤلاء الانصار، ثم يذكر بعض الأبيات التي يرتجز بها، ثم يتعرض الى طريقة استشهاده، فهو أشبه بكتب المقاتل، وكتاب آخر عنوانه (المقتل الحسيني المأثور) للمؤلف الشيخ محمد جواد الطّبسي، وكان أكثر تفصيلا من سابقه، الا أنه لم يقدم شيئا كافيا عن حياة الصحابة او التعريف بأسمائهم، لذا فإن جهدنا انصب على الأراجيز التي كانوا يرتجزون بها ساعة بروزهم الى الخصم، وماهي الدلالات التي كانت تحملها تلك الأبيات على الرغم من ضيق المقام فكريا وزمانيا، وحتى نفسيا، لأن الاراجيز هي للتعبير عن انفعال ذاتي في ظرف ما مثل الحرب، الّا أنَّ أصحاب أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام) كانوا ينتقون الألفاظ التي لابد لها أنْ تترك أثرا بليغا في نفوس المتلقين من الطرفين المتحاربين.
Research study on seed physical property of Mongolian wheat varieties
Authors: Ganzorig Khishigjargal , Yadamsuren Myagmarsuren , Tserendorj Nyamdorj 
Published: November 2022

Wheat is the main vital cereal crop in Mongolia (Triticum spp.) The size of the seed is one important feature of seed quality. It is directly related to plant growth, seed yield, market factor and harvest efficiency [1]. Equally important are the size and shape of the seed. The seed in the middle of spike ripens fast, after which the upper and lower parts ripen. Even though seeds in the lower part of the spike fill up at the same time as in the middle section of the spike, the seed ripens later. Seeds in the middle part of the spike have good filling and are bigger in size too. Moreover, they are good plantlets. A two year study was conducted in 2019-2020 to determine the effect of seed size on the yield potential of six wheat varieties, including such early maturing varieties (Darkhan-160, Darkhan-131), medium maturing varieties (Darkhan-34, Darkhan-212) and late maturing (Darkhan-144, Darkhan 181) varieties. Seed samples of 6 varieties were separated in to four groups of seed diameter size, 2.0-2.2 mm, 2.2-2.4 mm, 2.4-2.6 mm, and 2.6-2.8 mm respectively. The seedling density was 350 seeds/m2. The field trial was performed in a completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The 1000 kernel weight in spike parts in tillage stems of varieties, grain yield and seed fraction of the yield were determined by using Grain Scan software.
The best qualified seeds were placed at the medium part of the spike. The 1000 kernel weight of the medium part of Darkhan-181, Darkhan-131, and Darkhan-34 varieties reached 40-43 g and Darkhan-144 variety had the highest 1000 kernel weight (40-47 g). The portions of different seed sizes in yield was significant among the varieties planted. The varieties with longer vegetation period result higher portion of larger seeds in yield as compared to varieties with short vegetation period. The portion of large (>2.4mm) seeds in yield increased from 41.6-46.85% to 72.9-76.8% in different maturity varieties (from early to late medium). Grain yield of plots was increased with uniform large seeds in both years. The use of largest seeds resulted in a more competitive cropping system, improving grain yields by 16.9%. The yield decreased by 4.9% by planting seeds (2.0-2.2 mm) smaller than the control fraction (2.2-2.4 mm). The use of uniform large seeds increased both seedling emergence and grain yield. Results demonstrate that medium and mid-large uniform seeds (>2.2mm and >2.4mm) in accordance with the seed properties of the variety were useful in wheat seed production
ANALISIS SELF MANAGEMENT TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP PADA PASIEN PASCA STROKE DI DESA GAMSUNGI KECAMATAN TOBELO
Authors: I. Lainata Oksiana , Asih Blandina Olivia , Nur Fitria Pipit 
Published: November 2022

Pasien pasca stroke akan cenderung bergantung pada anggota keluarga karena gangguan fisik yang dialami,sehingga perlu adanya self management untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui self management terhadap kualitas hidup pada pasien pasca stroke di Kecamatan Tobelo. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan model pendekatan studi kasus. Responden dalam penelitian ini ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu pasien pasca stroke dengan kriteria usia dewasa akhir dan lansia awal. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan adanya self management yang berbeda, dimana responden 1 mengalami self management yang baik mendapat dukungan dari keluarga terkait terapi yang dilakukan sehingga berdampak pada kualitas hidupnya yang mampu melakukan aktivitas secara mandiri, sedangkan responden 2 mengalami self management yang kurang baik dimana kurang adanya dukungan dari keluarga terkait terapi hal ini tentu berdampak pada kualitas hidupnya dimana semua aktivitas dibantu oleh anggota keluarga.
Relación entre la obesidad infantil y el tiempo de exposición a pantallas electrónicas
Authors: Urbano Arcos Julyeth Fernanda , Beltrán Gómez Estefanía 
Published: November 2022

Introducción: La obesidad infantil es un problema de salud pública del siglo XXI; Se quiere determinar la relación entre el exceso de peso en escolares y el tiempo de exposición a pantallas y actividad física.
Sujetos y Métodos: Estudio transversal, con análisis de tipo casos y controles realizado en Cali, Colombia en 2018. Se obtuvo autorización de comité de ética. La muestra fue por conveniencia; se recolectaron datos demográficos y antropométricos para clasificar el estado nutricional de la muestra según las tablas de Organización Mundial de Salud, y dividiendo al grupo en casos y controles. Para la estimación del tiempo de exposición a pantallas electrónicas y sedentarismo se aplicó encuesta. El análisis de resultados se realizó con el programa SPSS 18®, teniendo significancia estadística con p < 0,05.
Resultados: en la muestra encontrada de 103 niños, la prevalencia de exceso de peso fue del 48%; el sexo predominante fue el femenino. Las encuestas arrojaron mayor número de horas de exposición a pantallas en obesos, con un promedio de 2,5 h/día. La asociación entre el exceso de peso y exposición a pantallas mayor a 2 h/día tuvo OR de 230 (IC: 42,5 – 1245), siendo factor de riesgo. La realización de ejercicio fue factor protector con OR de 0,009 (IC: 0,002 - 0,03).
Conclusiones: El tiempo de exposición a pantallas electrónicas se podría considerar un factor de riesgo para obesidad infantil y la actividad física como un factor protector.
1 - Global and Local Hybridity in African Youth Language Practices
Authors: Erastus Fridah Kanana , Hurst-Harosh Ellen 
Published: November 2022

This article investigates and describes youth language practices in Africa in the era of globalisation. It opens up debate over the impacts of globalisation on youth linguistic identities in Africa. Further, it suggests some aspects of youth participation in linguistic change in Africa and provides some examples of how youth linguistic cultures are practised in everyday interactions. The authors show the intersection of cultures in everyday discourse and in youth language vocabulary, and the incorporation of global (popular) culture in African youth language practices through bricolage to achieve hybridity. The ways in which the global intersects with the local and how the youth in Africa recontextualise the global and create local traditions of youth culture and identity are discussed and exemplified. The article concludes by arguing that, while global brands impact on youth language and practices, they are interpreted and applied locally; youth culture in Africa is enriched by global symbols and cultural artefacts and figures, not impoverished by them; the global does not displace the local, but rather complements it. The youth in Africa, in their spaces, are therefore active creators and contributors towards linguistic and cultural change and through this change they are agents of Africa’s globalisation.
Fridah Kanana Erastus, Kenyatta University, Kenya. Email: kanana.fridah@ku.ac.ke
&
Ellen Hurst-Harosh, University of Cape Town, South Africa. Email: ellen.hurst@uct.ac.za
5 - La scène musicale populaire kinoise à l’épreuve du genre et de l’androcentrisme
Authors: Tsambu Léon 
Published: November 2022

Dans une perspective théorique genrée et transdisciplinaire (théories des champs et de l’intersectionnalité), le présent article discute de l’androcentrisme en tant qu’ensemble de rapports de pouvoir focalisés sur l’hégémonie masculine, tel qu’il se déploie sur la scène musicale populaire de Kinshasa. L’enquête a démontré qu’assujettie sexuellement, débauchable ou « bien d’échange », la femme (chanteuse, choriste, danseuse) a en outre été soumise à un faisceau d’oppressions professionnelles par l’homme à travers a) une division sexuée du travail qui l’a confinée à la tâche érotique de la danse ; b) son instrumentalisation comme un corps-machine, support de marketing des spectacles vivants et vidéo à la faveur de son sex-appeal et de ses chorégraphies lascives ; c) une rémunération aléatoire ; bref, une précarisation sociale, culturelle, psychologique amenuisant, plus que pour son homologue masculin, ses droits humains. Tout cela est à lire dans le contexte du champ (acteurs directs) ou du hors-champ (acteurs périphériques) de cette scène. Cependant, sur cette scène prise pour un reflet du fonctionnement et un facteur de changement de la société kinoise, la femme ne fait toujours pas figure de victime, étant stratégiquement tournée vers des intérêts et désirs d’ingratiation, de célébrité, de mieux-vivre (en Europe), ou d’inversion de la domination – sans toujours y parvenir.
Léon Tsambu, Sociologue et enseignant-chercheur, Laboratoire congolais de musique et des cultures populaires, Université de Kinshasa. E-mail : leon.tsambu@gmail.com
Reflexiones sobre las localidades de Potosí y Buenos Aires, Nicaragua: Teoría y fuentes.
Authors: Murillo Canda Rodrigo de Jesús , Palazio Galo Edgar 
Published: November 2022

El propósito de este artículo es analizar e interpretar las diferentes fuentes presentes en el Archivo General de la Nación, Hemeroteca Nacional de Nicaragua y otros fondos documentales y virtuales que permitan construir la historia local de Potosí y Buenos Aires, y su relación con la agroindustria azucarera.En primera instancia, se identifica el método análisis y síntesis, el cual permite conocer profundamente las realidades que se estudia y organizarla, según el orden de importancia. Entre otras técnicas se utilizó el método: Regionalización, historia oral y el fichaje, la cual contempla la extracción de información clave para su valoración y aprovechamiento.El Archivo y Hemeroteca Nacional son instituciones rectorados por el Gobierno de la República de Nicaragua, donde se puede acceder a los fondos documentales y colecciones del Archivo Histórico para realizar diferentes tipos de investigaciones.