bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of delayed type hypersensitivity arthritis on development of heart failure by aortic constriction in mice
Authors: Tønnessen Theis Christian , Melleby Arne Olav , Hauge-Iversen Ida Marie , Espe Emil Knut Stenersen , Ahmed Mohammed Shakil , Ueland Thor , Haavardsholm Espen Andre , Atkinson Sara Marie , Melum Espen , Attramadal Håvard , Sjaastad Ivar , Vinge Leif Erik 
Published: January 2022

AimsPatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have increased risk of heart failure (HF). The mechanisms and cardiac prerequisites explaining this association remain unresolved. In this study, we sought to determine the potential cardiac impact of an experimental model of RA in mice subjected to HF by constriction of the ascending aorta.MethodsAorta was constricted via thoracotomy and placement of o-rings with inner diameter 0.55 mm or 0.66 mm, or sham operated. RA-like phenotype was instigated by delayed-type hypersensitivity arthritis (DTHA) two weeks after surgery and re-iterated after additional 18 days. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed before surgery and at successive time points throughout the study. Six weeks after surgery the mice were euthanized, blood and tissue were collected, organ weights were documented, and expression levels of cardiac foetal genes were analysed. In a supplemental study, DTHA-mice were euthanized throughout 14 days after induction of arthritis, and blood was analysed for important markers and mediators of RA (SAP, TNF-α and IL-6). In order to put the latter findings into clinical context, the same molecules were analysed in serum from untreated RA patients and compared to healthy controls.ResultsSignificant elevations of inflammatory markers were found in both patient- and murine blood. Furthermore, the DTHA model appeared clinically relevant when compared to the inflammatory responses observed in three prespecified RA severity disease states. Two distinct trajectories of cardiac dysfunction and HF development were found using the two o-ring sizes. These differences were consistent by both MRI, organ weights and cardiac foetal gene expression levels. Still, no difference within the HF groups, nor within the sham groups, could be found when DTHA was induced.ConclusionDTHA mediated systemic inflammation did not cause, nor modify HF caused by aortic constriction. This indicates other prerequisites for RA-induced cardiac dysfunction.
Lingual bone thickness in the apical region of the horizontal mandibular third molar: A cross-sectional study in young Japanese
Authors: Matsuda Shinpei , Yoshimura Hitoshi 
Published: January 2022

Background
Perforation of the lingual plate in the apical region of mandibular third molars will increase the risk of aberration and migration of the root tip and the risk of lingual nerve injury. The aim of this study was to analyze anatomical information, including relationships between the apical region of horizontally impacted mandibular third molars and lingual plates, in young Japanese.

Methods
Japanese patients, with horizontally impacted third molars, who underwent CT examination as a preoperative assessment for mandibular third molar extraction were included, and anatomical characteristics in the apical region of the right mandibular third molar were analyzed, in this study.

Results
A total of 121 patients were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. The mean and standard deviation of the bone thickness on the lingual side of the mandibular third molar in the apical region was 1.5 ± 1.6 mm, and the absence of lingual cortical bone in the apical region, namely, “perforation”, was observed in 44 patients. The statistical analysis revealed the predictors of cases with perforation as follows: gender, age, and the available space evaluated by Pell and Gregory classification.

Conclusions
This study clarified that “perforation” was sometimes observed in young Japanese, and that the predictors of those cases were as follows: gender, age, and the available space evaluated by Pell and Gregory classification.
Les "opinions des mortels" de Parménide et un éventuel pythagorisme éléatique
Authors: Cordero Nestor Luis 
Published: January 2022

La Déesse de Parménide annonce toujours que les δόξαι sont un produit humain. Mais il y a un point qui n'a pas été en général remarqué dans les études consacrées à l'étude des δόξαι: elles décrivent une activité humaine qui consiste a expliquer la réalité par la présence de principes opposés, et qui est toujours en rapport avec la "nomination" (voir fr. 8.51, fr. 8.38-41, fr 9, fr. 19.3). Il y avait à l'époque de Parménide une école qui correspondait à ce portrait robot, ou s'agit-il d'un collage de Parménide? Quoi qu'il en soit, il est attesté la présence d'une branche du Pythagorisme qui se caractérisait, précisément, pour "placer" des noms sur les choses.
El paradigma de la sensibilidad y la fragmentación en el PTMO de Gorgias
Authors: Spangeberg Pilar 
Published: January 2022

El artículo pretende mostrar la importancia que reviste el tratamiento ofrecido por Gorgias en torno a la sensación y su relación con el pensamiento y el lenguaje en los dos resúmenes conservados del Peri tou me ontos (PTMO). Sostengo queallí se postula una fragmentación radical del hombre como polo unificado de la sensación, así como también del objeto en una multiplicidad de aristas que no encuentran momento sintético alguno. El paradigma de la sensibilidad fragmentada es el fundamento central, incuestionado en el tratado que se proyectará a las relaciones entre ser, pensamiento y discurso para abonar la tesis de la imposibilidad del conocimiento y de la comunicación. Más allá de las intenciones gorgianas, se subraya el valor aporético de tales planteos y se sugieren importantes proyecciones de tales aporías en las propuestas de Platón y Aristóteles en torno a la sensibilidad.
Combustion, Physical, and Mechanical Characterization of Composites Fuel Briquettes from Carbonized Banana Stalk and Corncob
Authors: Ibitoye Segun Emmanuel , Mahamood Rasheedat Modupe , Jen Tien-Chien , Akinlabi Esther Titilayo 
Published: January 2022

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has reported that consumption of fossil fuels and their products has contributed about 65% of the global greenhouse gas emission. Therefore, it is expedient to look for alternative energy sources for an eco-friendly environment. The EPA recommended using biomass energy as a promising stabilization option to alleviate global climate change. This study focused on developing composites fuel briquettes from a blend of carbonized corncob and banana stalk. Carbonization was carried out at 380 oC, while 60 min was adopted as the residence time. Briquettes were manufactured at different blending ratios (90CC:10BS, 80CC:20BS, 70CC:30BS, 60CC:40BS and 50CC:50BS of corncob: banana stalk, respectively) and compaction pressures (50, 70 and 90 kPa) using gelatinized starch as binder. The manufactured briquettes' calculated and actual calorific values varied between 18.98-22.07 MJ/kg and 20.22-23.12 MJ/kg, respectively, while shatter indices were in the range of 38.22-89.34%. The compressed and relaxed densities of the fuel briquettes were in the range of 0.32-1.39 g/cm3 and 0.22-1.02 g/cm3, respectively. The relaxation ratio and water resistance properties varied between 1.11- 2.21 and 11-23 min, respectively. Analyses of the results revealed that compaction pressure, blending ratio, and particle size substantially affect the combustion and physico-mechanical characteristics of the manufactured fuel briquettes. When optimum combustion and physico-mechanical properties are required, a sample made from 90CC:10BS (S1) is recommended for use. The fuel briquettes manufactured in this study possess the required thermal and physico-mechanical properties of solid fuel; therefore, it is recommended for different applications.
Basic Income and Unequal Longevity
Authors: Sá Valente Manuel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Universal basic income proposes providing instalments of constant magnitude to all. One problem with a stable basic income across life is that it seems unfair to shorter-lived persons, who are worst-off due to premature death and receive less over their whole lives. Basic capital solves this problem by providing a one-off grant to the young, but I argue that it mistreats long-lived persons, as it does not guarantee their real freedom across life. There is a dilemma between these proposals regarding their respective unfairness to the short- and long-lived. The solution I propose is a net basic income of decreasing magnitude until a specific age, after which the income is constant. This solution is compatible with constant income benefits across life, and it offers a fair answer to the problem of unequal longevity, a widely neglected but essential challenge in debates about basic income.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery and Development
Authors: Liebman Michael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an exciting, growing field. Due to the high and growing number of data, the comprehensive evaluation of information behind data makes AI tools indispensable. In Drug Discovery and Development the application of AI has become important to accelerate progress and enhance decision making in many fields and disciplines of medicinal chemistry, upscaling, molecular and cell biology, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, formulation development and toxicology. In clinical testing AI has high importance in increasing success rates by enhancing trial design (biomarkers, efficacy parameters, dose selection, trial duration), selection of the target patient population, patient stratification and evaluation of patient samples. The increasing relevance of AI in drug discovery and development is reflected by the growing number of start-up companies specialized in this field, the growing number of collaborations from Pharma with AI platforms, and the high number of articles and reviews reporting current applications, their success and limitations.
Fluorescence quenching in plasmonic dimers due to electron tunneling
Authors: Baghramyan Henrikh M. , Ciracì Cristian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles provide an ideal environment for the enhancement of fluorescent emission. On the one hand, they locally amplify the electromagnetic fields, increasing the emitter excitation rate, and on the other hand, they provide a high local density of states that accelerates spontaneous emission. However, when the emitter is placed in close proximity to a single metal nanoparticle, the number of nonradiative states increases dramatically, causing the fluorescence to quench. It has been predicted theoretically that, through a judicious placing of the emitter, fluorescence in plasmonic nanocavities can be increased monotonically. In this article, we show that such monotonic increase is due to the use of local response approximation in the description of the plasmonic response of metal nanoparticles. We demonstrate that taking into account the electron tunneling and the nonlocality of the surrounding system via the quantum hydrodynamic theory results eventually in a quenching of fluorescence enhancement also when the emitter is placed in a nanocavity, as opposed to local response and Thomas–Fermi hydrodynamic theory results. This outcome marks the importance of considering the quantum effects, in particular, the electron tunneling to correctly describe the emission effects in plasmonic systems at nanoscale.
Crystal structure of (E)-N′-(1-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl) ethylidene)thiophene-2-carbohydrazide, C13H11ClN2O2S
Authors: Li Cui-Cui , Zhang Li 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
C13H11ClN2O2S, orthorhombic, Pna21/n (no. 33), a = 33.781(4) Å, b = 5.2087(6) Å, c = 7.2979(8) Å, β = 90°,
V = 1284.1(3) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0429, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1267, T = 296 K.
Exact wave solutions of the nonlinear Rosenau equation using an analytical method
Authors: Alotaibi Trad , Althobaiti Ali 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the current study is to find exact travelling wave solutions of the Rosenau equation. By the use of the extended auxiliary equation method, various exact solutions are obtained in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions and exponential functions. Moreover, several solitary and periodic wave solutions are given as special cases. When the parameters take some values, some graphical illustrations are shown in order to understand the behaviour of these new solutions. Furthermore, we compare our solutions with some familiar solutions, which can be considered as special cases.
Decision-Making Process in Credit Grantig
Authors: Purinsh Ilmars , Reizinsh Toms , Braslinsh Girts , Svitlika Natalja 
Published: January 2022

In recent years many countries have experienced stagnation or even decline in the amount of mortgage credits granted to households. The credit-granting process has become significantly complicated, less transparent and excessively time consuming. This study seeks to define the improvement opportunities for credit granting through creation of a simple, transparent and accountable framework of decision-making process. To achieve this purpose the authors used qualitative method – structured interview and graphical tools – decision tree. The developed framework makes it possible to identify areas of the credit granting that might have potential for considerable improvements. The empirical results of the study indicate that decision-making process in credit granting has considerable potential for improvements. The developed framework is supposed to help commercial banks to improve the quality and efficiency of the decision-making process in the credit granting and reduce cost of credit granting process. This is possible to achieve by cutting down the duration time of alternative solutions with negative outcome – credit denial. This research introduces a valuable framework of transparent and accountable model of decision-making process in the credit granting. The authors have found that the introduced framework is suitable not only for commercial banks but also for a wide range of organizations having similar complicated and multiple staged decision-making processes.
Dorsal Raphe 5-HT Neurons Utilize, But Do Not Generate, Negative Aversive Prediction Errors
Authors: Walker Rachel A. , Suthard Rebecca L. , Perison Taylor N. , Sheehan Nora M. , Dwyer Caitlin C. , Lee Jillian K. , Enabulele Eghosa K. , Ray Madelyn H. , McDannald Michael A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) contains the largest population of serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the central nervous system. 5-HT, synthesized via tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2), is a widely functioning neuromodulator implicated in fear learning. Here, we sought to investigate whether DRN 5-HT is necessary to reduce fear via negative prediction error (–PE). Using male and female TPH2-cre rats, DRNtph2+cells were selectively deleted via cre-caspase (rAAV5-Flex-taCasp3-TEVp) in experiment 1. Rats then underwent fear discrimination during which three cues were associated with unique foot shock probabilities: safetyp = 0.00, uncertaintyp = 0.375, and dangerp = 1.00. Rats then received selective extinction to the uncertainty cue, a behavioral manipulation designed to probe –PE. Deleting DRNtph2+cells had no impact on initial discrimination but slowed selective extinction. In experiment 2, we used a within-subjects optogenetic inhibition design to causally implicate DRNtph2+cells in prediction error signaling. Male and female TPH2-cre rats received intra-DRN infusions of cre-dependent halorhodopsin (rAAV5-Ef1a-DIO-eNpHR3.0-eYFP) or cre-YFP. DRNtph2+cells were inhibited specifically during the time of prediction error or a control period. Illumination during either positive prediction error (+PE) or control periods had no impact on fear to the uncertainty cue. Inhibition of DRNtph2+cells at the time of –PE did not impact immediate fear, but facilitated selective extinction in postillumination sessions. Together, these results demonstrate a role for DRNtph2+cells in using, but not generating, –PE to weaken cue-shock associations.
Analisis Perencanaan Obat di UPTD Farmasi Dinas Kesehatan Kota Depok
Authors: Fortunandha Dhea Keyle , Intiasari Arih Diyaning , Kurniawan Arif 
Published: January 2022

Background: Planning is an initial stage and as an important and decisive stage, because planning for drug needs will affect the next cycle of drug management in the health care unit. If the planning are weak, it will give a negative impact on the overall management cycle. The findings of expired drugs is a negative impact experienced by the Pharmaceutical Technical Service Unit of Government Health Department in Depok, so it can be assumed that drug planning has not been carried out properly.
Methods: This research is a qualitative research with a case study design. This research was conducted at the Pharmaceutical Technical Service Unit of Government Health Department in Depok with 8 informants. The data analysis used was content analysis.
Results: Analysis of drug planning at the Pharmaceutical Technical Service Unit of Government Health Department in Depok shows that limited human resources do not yet know enough about the process of calculating drug needs, recording and reporting drug logistics which is done manually to be the main obstacle in using data for drug planning, selecting types of drugs and calculating drug needs not completely according to the guidelines. Drug planning is not done optimally because there are expired drugs and drug stock vacancies which cause the planning results are not as expected. So it is necessary to monitor and evaluate the availability of drugs so that the findings of expired drugs can be minimized as well as training in drug management so that drug managers understand about good drug management and methods of planning drug needs in accordance with established guidelines.
Conclusion: Drug planning carried out by the Pharmaceutical Technical Service Unit of Government Health Department in Depok is not fully in accordance with the technical guidelines for drug procurement also there are expired drugs and drug stock vacancies which cause the planning results are not as expected. The existence of expired drugs and drug stock vacancies at the UPTD Pharmacy at the Depok City Health Service are caused by factors outside the system, including short drug expiration periods, changes in disease patterns, COVID-19 pandemic conditions that hinder the distribution of program drugs to program targets, and drugs not available at e-catalog.
Kapabilitas, Motivasi, dan Pendayagunaan SDM terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Puskesmas
Authors: Puspitasari Sendhi Tristanti , Redjeki Endang Sri , Maulidyah Rahma 
Published: January 2022

Kinerja atau hasil kerja individu saat melaksanakan tugas yang sesuai dengan target ataupun kriteria yang sudah ditentukan. Berdasarkan cakupan penilaian kinerja Puskesmas di Kota Malang tahun 2019 Puskesmas Kendalsari memiliki penilaian yang masih cukup dengan nilai rata-rata 7,89 pada indikator manajemen Puskesmas. Selain itu, hasil penilaian kinerja pegawai yang telah dilakukan oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kota Malang tahun 2017-2019 pada pegawai ASN di Puskesmas Kendalsari belum meningkat setiap tahunnya. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan menunjukkan bahwa kinerja pegawai di Puskesmas Kendalsari masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor kapabilitas, motivasi, dan pendayagunaan SDM terhadap kinerja pegawai di Puskesmas Kendalsari Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dengan metode kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu pegawai di Puskesmas Kendalsari Kota Malang. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis data yang digunakan yakni uji regresi ordinal. Analisis yang didapatkan yaitu variabel yang memiliki hubungan dengan kinerja pegawai adalah motivasi (nilai G2 = 13,046) dikarenakan nilai G2 lebih besar dari chi-square (x2) tabel = 7,815. Sedangkan, kapabilitas (G2 = 0,823) dan pendayagunaan SDM (G2 = 0,0) lebih kecil dari chi-square (x2) tabel yang menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan. Sehingga, variabel yang paling berhubungan dengan kinerja pegawai yakni motivasi dengan nilai (odd ratio = 13,45). Terdapat hubungan antara motivasi terhadap kinerja pegawai, dan tidak ada hubungan antara kapabilitas dan pendayagunaan SDM terhadap kinerja Pegawai di Puskesmas Kendalsari Kota Malang.
Kepatuhan Penerapan Protokol Kesehatan pada Pekerja di Tempat Ibadah Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Wijayanti Paula Yuni , Yuantari Maria Goretti Catur 
Published: January 2022

Gereja menjadi klaster penyebaran COVID-19 dimana 2 orang pendeta dan kepala gereja meninggal. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan pada pekerja di tempat ibadah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif serta data diambil dari bulan Januari-April 2021 dengan rancangan crossectional. Data telah dikumpulkan melalui wawancara pada 35 dari 100 pekerja GBT Kristus Alfa Omega. Hasil penelitian: mayoritas pekerja laki – laki (54,3%), berpendidikan sarjana (40%), 57,1% berusia kurang dari 43,17 tahun dan memiliki lama kerja kurang dari 15,40 tahun. Tingkat pengetahuan responden tentang COVID-19 masuk dalam kategori baik, hal ini dibuktikan bahwa 62,9% responden masuk kategori baik. Tingkat kepatuhan dalam melaksanakan protokol kesehatan berada pada kategori baik sebanyak 20 (57,1%). Sikap responden tentang COVID-19 masuk dalam kategori kurang baik yaitu 60%. Berdasarkan uji bivariate tentang jenis kelamin (p-value=0,557), tingkat pendidikan (p-value=0,185) dan pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 (p-value=0,101) tidak berhubungan terhadap kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan. Namun, sikap responden tentang COVID-19 berhubungan terhadap kepatuhan menerapkan protokol kesehatan (p-value =0,006). Kesimpulannya kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan pada pekerja di tempat ibadah sudah baik.
La gestación y culminación del Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, una herramienta para el conocimiento y la conservación de la flora neotropical
Authors: Jiménez Madrigal Quírico 
Published: January 2022

El Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica ha sido quizá la obra más importante en el campo de las ciencias naturales publicada en Costa Rica en las últimas décadas. Este proyecto iniciado a mediados de los años 80 del siglo anterior y concluido con su octavo volumen a finales del año 2020 tuvo como principal objetivo catalogar las plantas de Costa Rica, para lo cual se nutrió de una rica historia y de una intensa exploración botánica que nació hace varios siglos. Dos instituciones costarricenses, el Museo Nacional de Costa Rica y el Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad abrieron sus puertas al Jardín Botánico de Missouri para que juntos pudieran consolidar y finalmente concluir con esta obra tan valiosa para el país, para los costarricenses y para toda la América Tropical. En ella se describen las más de 9 000 especies de plantas, ubicadas en 237 familias, con semilla que existen en el país, aunque hoy día ya son más de 11 000 especies si incluimos en ellas el grupo de los helechos. Esta alta diversidad de especies de plantas en un territorio tan pequeño convierte a Costa Rica en un país altamente biodiverso desde el punto de vista florístico.