bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metaphor in the written discourse of Arab students at a College of Education in Israel
Authors: Shakkour Aadel , Qasim Nader 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article shows how Arab students at an Arab college in Israel, majoring in teaching of mathematics, English, and science, rely on metaphor as an important rhetorical tool for the advancement of their ideological positions and for criticism of the policies of the Israeli government, which discriminates against and disenfranchises Arab Israelis. The underlying hypothesis of the article is that the way Arab students in Israel use metaphor in their writing has unique rhetorical aspects that help to sharpen their message in pursuit of the broader goal of emphasizing Arab Israelis’ suffering and changing for the better the Israeli government’s discriminatory patterns of action against them.
ZPD-based mediation of L2 learners’ comprehension of implicatures: An educational praxis framework
Authors: Mirzaei Azizullah , Naseri Farshad , Jafarpour Aliakbar , Eslami Zohreh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Conversational implicatures (CIMs) are implied by the speaker in context rather than being linguistically encoded, and learners’ inability to infer the intended meaning, if not remedied through instruction (or mediation), leads to communication breakdowns. Given this premise, the current study aimed to examine effects of classroom praxis-based instruction adjusted to EFL learners’ Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) on their comprehension of CIMs. Participants were 36 Iranian high school students in 2 classrooms, assigned to experimental and comparison groups. A 20-item CIM test was administered at pretest and posttest times to collect the data. Microgenetic trajectories were also traced through audio-recorded role-plays and social interactions within the ZPD setting. ZPD-adjusted mediational instruction on CIMs was given based on a multi-level regulatory scale and a view of microgenetic development along an other-to self-regulated functioning continuum. In the non-ZPD setting, mainstream teacher-fronted instruction was employed. ANCOVA results revealed differential instructional effects in favor of the praxis-based mediational setting. Microgenetic learning episodes also portrayed how collectively-mediated, ZPD-activated learning led to L2 learners’ progressively improved comprehension of CIMs. The findings suggest that comprehension (and perhaps production) of L2 CIMs can be improved through praxis-oriented co-construction of pragmatic knowledge through collaborative engagement with communicative activity.
First sighting record of the elusive Nilgiri Marten Martes gwatkinsii in Wayanad, Southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: Vijay Abhijith , Chandran Karthika , Hameed Habeebrehman 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This note reports the first sighting of the elusive and threatened Nilgiri marten in Wayanad district of Southern Western Ghats. All the previously known occurrences of Nilgiri marten in the Western Ghats, along with the addition of this new record, were marked on a map. This record highlights the need for further studies on this population’s status and behavior, as well as to understand whether any coexistence or conflicts occur with local people, thereby examining underlying threats to the population in the Wayanad region.
Isoperimetric and Brunn-Minkowski inequalities for the (p, q)-mixed geominimal surface areas
Authors: Zhang Juan , Wang Weidong , Zhao Peibiao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Motivated by the celebrated work of Lutwak, Yang and Zhang [1] on

(

p
,
q

)

\left(p,q)

-mixed volumes and that of Feng and He [2] on

(

p
,
q

)

\left(p,q)

-mixed geominimal surface areas, we in the present paper establish and confirm the affine isoperimetric and Brunn-Minkowski-type inequalities with respect to

(

p
,
q

)

\left(p,q)

-mixed geominimal surface areas.
Narrowband diffuse thermal emitter based on surface phonon polaritons
Authors: Ma Binze , Huang Yun , Zha Weiyi , Qin Bing , Qin Rui , Ghosh Pintu , Kaur Sandeep , Qiu Min , Li Qiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Thermal emission engineering with ability to realize spectral and spatial selection has attracted great attention in recent years. Nanophotonic control of thermal radiation has demonstrated narrowband thermal emitter but with high angle-sensitivity and diffuse thermal emitter but with low quality factor (Q). Here, we demonstrate a simultaneous narrowband, diffuse thermal emitter consisting of 80 nm (<λ/100) thick Ge nanostructures on a silicon carbide (SiC) phononic material. Based on surface phonon polaritons, a spectral coherent emission with a high Q factor of 101 is achieved at ∼10.9 μm wavelength in experiment. Furthermore, this phonon-mediated nanostructure provides spatial control with strong diffuse thermal emission with a full angle at half maximum of 70°. Additionally, the emission wavelength and intensity are tuned by replacing Ge with phase change materials (Ge2Sb2Te5 and In3SbTe2). The designed narrowband diffuse thermal emitter offers new perspectives for the engineering of emission and paves the way for infrared applications, including thermal sources, radiative cooling, infrared sensing, and thermal photovoltaics.
Evaluation of 11 potential trap crops for root-knot nematode (RKN) control under glasshouse conditions
Authors: Samara Rana 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A preliminary study of the development and growth of lettuce crops trap cropped with 11 trap crops for root-knot nematode (RKN) control was studied under glasshouse conditions in Kadoorie Agriculture Research Centre in Palestine Technical University. Main crop growth parameters were evaluated by measuring the shoot height, lateral root length, wet and dry weight, ash percentage, and chlorophyll content. The total RKNs recovered from both main and trap crops from root systems were counted 6 weeks post RKN artificial inoculation. The first screening of the potential trap crops against RKNs showed a significant reduction in nematode numbers in lettuce and the average number of galls per gram fresh root when trap cropped with canola, B.G. pumpkin, mustard, and vetch cv. 976. No eggs were found by the end of the experiment. These trap crops attracted more nematodes and kept them from infecting the main crop. The effect of these trap crops on the growth and development of the main crop was variable. Trap cropping lettuce with canola, mustard, Armenian cucumber, and bottle gourd pumpkin caused a significant reduction of the total wet weight and dry weight compared with the control. Still, trap cropping did not significantly affect the lateral root length and wet weight. Removing the trap crops from the field after 6–8 weeks could be applied to reduce the competition between the main crop and the trap crops.
Electroosmotic flow for Eyring fluid with Navier slip boundary condition under high zeta potential in a parallel microchannel
Authors: Zhang Tiange , Ren Meirong , Cui Jifeng , Chen Xiaogang , Wang Yidan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The electroosmotic flow of non-Newtonian fluid–Eyring fluid in microparallel pipes under high zeta potential driven by the combination of pressure and electric force is studied. Without using the Debye–Hückel (DH) linear approximation, the numerical solutions of the fluid potential distribution and velocity distribution obtained using the finite difference method are compared with the analytical approximate solutions obtained using the DH linear approximation. The results show that the numerical method in this article is effectively reliable. In addition, the influence of various physical parameters on the electroosmotic flow is discussed in detail, and it is obtained that the velocity distribution of the Eyring fluid increases with the increase in the electric potential under the high zeta potential.
Refusing invitations and offers in second language Chinese: effect of proficiency at the actional and interactional levels
Authors: Su Yunwen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present study investigates the role of proficiency in the development of second language (L2) Chinese learners’ ability to negotiate refusals of invitations and offers in conversational interactions. Fifty-four American English learners of L2 Mandarin Chinese at three proficiency levels, and 22 native speakers, completed a four-item naturalized roleplay task. Findings suggest positive effects of proficiency on L1 American English L2 Chinese learners’ production of refusals at both actional and interactional levels, though different aspects of their pragmatic competence may not develop in parallel. NSs and learners across proficiency levels had access to a similar range of refusal strategies, but learner production showed a more target-like context-specific combination of refusal strategies with increasing proficiency. The effect of proficiency can also be observed on learners’ acquisition of sequential organization of refusals, in terms of delay and discourse patterns, in various context. Nevertheless, it is still unclear at what point along the developmental trajectory learners are sociopragmatically competent enough to show consistent orientation towards the hearer in their refusals as NSs do.
Unique transport behaviour of Am(III)/Eu(III) ions across a supported liquid membrane containing a TREN-based diglycolamide dendrimer ligand
Authors: Mahanty Bholanath , Verma Parveen K. , Mohapatra Prasanta K. , Leoncini Andrea , Huskens Jurriaan , Verboom Willem 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Appropriately functionalized dendrimers are exotic ligands and are expected to give rise to better extraction/transport results than the corresponding monofunctional ones. Diglycolamide- (DGA) based dendrimers and their transport studies are rarely reported. Transport of Am(III) and Eu(III) was studied across a PTFE- (polytetrafluoroethylene) based flat sheet supported liquid membrane containing a tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN) dendrimer ligand containing six DGA pendent arms (termed as TREN-G1-DGA) in 5% isodecanol modified n-dodecane. The transport results were compared with those of the monofunctional ligand TODGA (N,N,N′,N′-tetra-n-octyl diglycolamide). In case of a 5.75 × 10−4 M TREN-G1-DGA solution, Am(III) transport was slower than that of Eu(III) under identical conditions. In case of TREN-G1-DGA the role of acid on the metal ion transport was less important than that while using TODGA as a carrier. However, a nitric acid medium is much more suitable for metal ion transport than a mixture containing sodium nitrate as the major component. Insight into the extraction and transport of the Eu(III) complexes was obtained from luminescence spectroscopic studies.
Normal development of the brain: a survey of joint structural–functional brain studies
Authors: Namiranian Roxana , Rahimi Malakshan Sahar , Abrishami Moghaddam Hamid , Khadem Ali , Jafari Reza 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Joint structural–functional (S-F) developmental studies present a novel approach to address the complex neuroscience questions on how the human brain works and how it matures. Joint S-F biomarkers have the inherent potential to model effectively the brain’s maturation, fill the information gap in temporal brain atlases, and demonstrate how the brain’s performance matures during the lifespan. This review presents the current state of knowledge on heterochronous and heterogeneous development of S-F links during the maturation period. The S-F relationship has been investigated in early-matured unimodal and prolonged-matured transmodal regions of the brain using a variety of structural and functional biomarkers and data acquisition modalities. Joint S-F unimodal studies have employed auditory and visual stimuli, while the main focus of joint S-F transmodal studies has been resting-state and cognitive experiments. However, nonsignificant associations between some structural and functional biomarkers and their maturation show that designing and developing effective S-F biomarkers is still a challenge in the field. Maturational characteristics of brain asymmetries have been poorly investigated by the joint S-F studies, and the results were partially inconsistent with previous nonjoint ones. The inherent complexity of the brain performance can be modeled using multifactorial and nonlinear techniques as promising methods to simulate the impact of age on S-F relations considering their analysis challenges.
Mechanical and thermophysical properties of 4d-transition metal mononitrides
Authors: Yadav Shakti , Singh Ramanshu P. , Mishra Giridhar , Singh Devraj 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The second and third order elastic constants (SOECs and TOECs) of 4d-transition metal mononitrides XN (X: Zr and Nb) have been computed in the temperature range 0 K–500 K using Coulomb and Born–Mayer potential up to second nearest neighbours. In order to investigate the mechanical stability of XN, the computed values of SOECs have been utilized to find out Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Zener anisotropy and Poisson’s ratio. Furthermore, the SOECs are applied to compute the wave velocities for shear and longitudinal modes of propagation along ⟨100⟩, ⟨110⟩ and ⟨111⟩ crystallographic orientations in the temperature range 100 K–500 K. Temperature dependent Debye average velocity, ultrasonic Grüneisen parameters (UGPs) and Debye temperature have been evaluated. In present work the thermal conductivity of chosen materials has also been evaluated using Morelli-Slack’s approach. Specific heat and total internal thermal energy have been calculated in the temperature range 100 K–500 K on the basis of Debye theory. Thermal relaxation time, acoustic coupling constants and attenuation of ultrasonic waves due to thermo-elastic relaxation and phonon–phonon interaction mechanisms have been calculated in the temperature range 100 K–500 K. The obtained results of present investigation have been compared with available other similar type of materials.
Hydrolysis and oxidation products of phosphine adducts to beryllium chloride
Authors: Buchner Magnus R. , Spang Nils , Ivlev Sergei I. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The synthesis of bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe) and PMe3 mono-adducts [(dppe)BeCl2]n and [(PMe3)BeCl2]2 is described and their spectroscopic properties discussed. Hydrolysis of these two compounds and of the bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp) adduct to BeCl2 gave [dppeH2][BeCl4], [Me3PH]n[Be4Cl9]n and [dpppH2][Be2Cl6], which have been isolated and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The reactions of [(PMe3)BeCl2]2 with p-cresole gave [Me3PH]2[Be2Cl4(OC7H7)2]. This phenoxide together with [(Me3PO)2Be2Cl4], the oxidation product of [(PMe3)BeCl2]2, have also been structurally characterized.
Automated greenhouse with forced air circulation for vertical drying of Fibroin plates
Authors: Corteletti Mayra Campista , Almeida Pablo Prata de , Costa Gerlane de Souza Pereira da , Nascimento Ewerton Lyrio 
Published: March 2022

In processing applied to drying samples that require a parameter with greater specificity, the internal temperature control and the homogenization of the equipment chamber is fundamental in reducing the risks of modifications to active principles, which makes greenhouses with forced air circulation widely used and viable for such applications. The present project aims to the elaboration and construction of greenhouse with forced air circulation through of easily accessible materials, with automation by Arduino, being developed for vertical drying of Fibroin plates. In addition to conducting specific tests and statistical applications for validation of the same. Characterized in an experimental study, with material selection and appropriate equipments, elaboration and construction of the system in an economically viable way with standardized and controlled operation. In view of the aspects observed, achieved the development of a prototype of the equipment, verifying its functionality within the objectified parameters. Featuring a good alternative in the performance of the drying process of fibroin plates with good control of the estimated factors.
Avaliação fitoquímica e atividades biológicas do extrato do exocarpo do fruto de Protium spruceanum
Authors: Menezes Filho Antonio Carlos Pereira de 
Published: March 2022

Protium spruceanum conhecido por “breu branco” é uma espécie vegetal medicinal. O estudo teve por objetivo, avaliar o extrato hidroetanólico do exocarpo do fruto maduro de Protium spruceanum quanto aos grupos fitoquímicos e atividades biológicas. Os frutos foram coletados e o extrato produzido por maceração estática em solução hidroetanolica 70%. As análises realizadas foram para organolépticas, físico-químicas quanto ao rendimento de extrato obtido, densidade relativa, pH, índice de refração e giro óptico, e para os ensaios biológicos, o extrato foi testado para ativdade de fotoproteção em UV-Vis, atividade antifúngica sobre Candida e antibacteriana sobre Staphylococcus, Salmonella e Escherichia pelo ensaio em disco (mm). O extrato apresentou coloração castanho claro e aromático. A prospecção fitoquímica qualitativa revelou a presença de ácidos orgânicos, açúcares redutores, fenóis, purinas, catequinas e duplas olefinas. O rendimento foi de 16,99%, densidade relativa de 0,965 g mL-1, pH 5,26, índice de refração 1,3987 nD e giro óptico de -99,8°. Na atividade de fotoproteção, o extrato exibiu atividade no comprimento de ondas UVC. Na atividade antifúngica, foi obtido potencial inibição para C. guilliermondii e C. tropicalis e para antibacteriano inibição para cepas de S. aureus, E. coli, e S. sorovar Enteritidis. O extrato do exocarpo do fruto maduro de Protium spruceanum demonstrou potencial efeito biológico.
Data pollution
Authors: Ben-shahar O. 
Published: March 2022

Objective:to develop and substantiate the theory of data pollution, which makes it possible to realize and assess the harms the economy of big data creates.Methods:dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors, which predetermined the following research methods: formal-logical and sociological.Results:This article develops a novel framework – data pollution – to rethink the harms the data economy creates and the way they have to be regulated. The author argues that social intervention should focus on the external harms from collection and misuse of personal data. The article challenges the hegemony of the prevailing view that the injuries from digital data enterprise are exclusively private. That view has led lawmakers to focus solely on privacy protection as the regulatory objective. The article claims, instead, that a central problem in the digital economy has been largely ignored: how the information given by people affects others, and how it undermines and degrades public goods and interests.Scientific novelty:The data pollution concept offers a novel perspective why existing regulatory tools – torts, contracts, and disclosure law – are ineffective, mirroring their historical futility in curbing the harms from industrial pollution. The data pollution framework also opens up a rich roadmap for new regulatory devices – “an environmental law for data protection” – which focuses on controlling these external effects. The article examines how the tools used to control industrial pollution – production restrictions, carbon tax, and emissions liability – could be adapted to govern data pollution.Practical significance:the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering the issues related to the theory of data pollution.
Characteristics of the spatial development of innovations in legislative acts of siberian macroregions
Authors: Kuznetsova Y. A. 
Published: March 2022

Objective: to assess the level of inclusion of the innovation space characteristics into the legislative acts on innovation activity in the macroregions of Siberia.Methods: a spatial approach, which allowed considering the innovative development of a macroregion through the characteristics of length, connectivity, density, and uniformity; a synchronous method, which made it possible to compare legislative documents in the macroregions of Siberia by the representation of spatial characteristics in them; a qualitative content analysis, used to identify words and phrases characterizing the spatial development of innovations in the texts of legislative documents on innovation activity.Results: the paper revealed the increased attention of foreign and Russian scientists to the search for ways of improving the effectiveness of legislative regulation of innovation activity. It was determined that the regional legislative acts of the macroregions of Siberia (Ural-Siberian and South-Siberian macroregions) regulating innovation policy do not actually reflect the characteristics of the innovation space (such characteristics as interaction, cooperation, communication, and partnership are highlighted). In less than half of the analyzed documents, there are no characteristics of spatial development of innovations, in a third – interterritorial cooperation is mentioned as a characteristic of spatial development. In the studied documents, the predominant form of cooperation and interaction is the formation of clusters and the coordinated development of science, innovation, production, and education.Scientific novelty: for the first time, the article evaluates the representation of spatial characteristics of innovation development in the relevant legislative acts of the macroregions of Russia. It is shown that the territories of macroregions should have denser, more intensive links in the development of innovations in order to meet their intended purpose. The author suggests improving the legislative regulation of innovation activity by including the requirement for regions to develop intersectoral and interterritorial interaction.Practical significance: the analysis of legislative acts presented in the article in the field of innovation support and innovation development from the viewpoint of the spatial approach can be useful for correcting the existing and developing the new approaches to spatial and innovative development of macroregions of Russia. The research results are intended for public authorities involved in the formation of the innovation policy of the regions.