bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of basal crop coefficient for wheat under humid regime from heat unit accumulations
Authors: CHOWDHURY A. , DAS H.P. , GHUMARE D. G. 
Published: December 2021

A methodology has been presented to compute basal crop coefficient from soil moisture and heat unit accumulations, for wheat in the humid region of northeast India. In developing the method data from 1976-77 to 1981-82 crop seasons for the Sonalika variety of wheat from germination to maturity have been used and tested on independent data set for 1982-83 and 1985-86 crop seasons.

Milk stage to physiological maturity stage is found to use maximum fraction of heat unit totals. The largest value of basal crop coefficient is about I 5 occurring during milk stage of the crop growth. Very high correlation is noticed between the actual ET and those computed from the model.
The Universal Artificial Intelligence Efforts to Face Coronavirus COVID-19
Authors: Farouk Maged 
Published: December 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) has already changed the world and has made an effective impact in a range of fields including industry, criminal law, health, national security, transport, nanotechnology, intelligent cities as well as issues such as algorithms and access to the data. This paper shows how these technologies are a great asset to humans and are programmed to reduce human effort as much as possible. They tend to possess the capability to work in an automated fashion. Therefore, manual intervention is the last thing that could be asked for or seen while operating parts associated with this technology. As well as the paper shows the different universal efforts of AI techniques to face the pandemic of COVID-19.
Synergic Effect and Kinetic Mechanisms for Co-Pyrolysis of Empty Fruit Bunch and Palm Oil Sludge
Authors: Yen Yee Chong  , Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar  , Suyin Gan  , Hoon Kiat Ng  , Lai Yee Lee  
Published: December 2021

The thermochemical behaviour of Co-Pyrolysis between Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) and Palm Oil Mill Efluent (POME) sludge were studied using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). EFB, POME sludge, and their blends (EFB : POME sludge of 100:0, 90:10, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100) were studied at different heating rates (5, 10, 20, 30, and 40ºC/min) with nitrogen (N2) purge of 20 ml/min to simulate pyrolysis conditions. All the samples experienced three pyrolysis stages and for each stage, the mechanisms responsible were determined. During co-pyrolysis, a positive synergistic effect was observed in the experiments, which is a favourable inding. With the increase in POME sludge percentage in the blends, the activation energy for the main decomposition stage (Stage 2) decreased from 89.33 kJ/mol to 63.47 kJ/mol, when the kinetic model was irst order reaction (F1).
Production and Characterization of Biopolyols from Crude Glycerol Based Liquefaction Process
Authors: Jun Xin, Yong  , Po Kim, Lo  
Published: December 2021

The feasibility of using palm kernel cake and crude glycerol in liquefaction process to produce bio polyol was investigated in this study. The identiied parameters for liquefaction conditions were reaction temperature, reaction time, biomass loading and acid loading. The optimal liquefaction conditions for bio polyol production were determined to be 10%(w/w) biomass loading, 1%(w/w) acid loading, and reaction temperature at 160°C for 90min. The optimal condition yielded 83 % biomass conversion with hydroxyl and acid numbers of 552 mg KOH/g and 0.56 mg KOH/g respectively. Result shows that palm kernel cake and crude glycerol can be used as an alternative raw material and liquefaction solvent to the production of bio polyol.
Maximizing the Impact of Air Bubbles for Membrane Fouling Control in Microalgae Harvesting
Authors: Arthur Eliseus  , Muhammad Roil Bilad  
Published: December 2021

Harvesting microalgae using membrane is challenging due to the nature of microalgae having very high membrane fouling potential. Numerous techniques have been proposed for membrane fouling control, including optimizing operational cycles, imposing shear-rates via air bubbles and dosing chemicals for feed conditioning and membrane cleaning. As an established method, the eficacy of air bubbles for membrane fouling control can be improved by maximizing the impact of shear-rates in scouring foulant from the membrane surface. In this study, we investigate the effect of tilting angles, switching periods as well as aeration rates in a lab-scale submerged iltration system by iltering microalgae solution. Results showed that higher tilting angles improve the cleaning eficiency by offering higher lux of up to 2.7 times at an angle of 20◦ as opposed to the vertical one. It was also found that operating a one-sided panel (without switching) was about 20% better than a two-sided panel, in which the latter involved switching mode to offer aeration of both panel sides. This technique is effective in controlling fouling and can lead to energy saving for full-scale modules.
Mapping knowledge structure of artificial intelligence research in Bangladesh based on co-word analysis
Authors: Das Rajesh Kumar , Islam Mohammad Sharif Ul 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This article aims to map the knowledge structure of artificial intelligence (AI) in Bangladesh through detecting the interdisciplinarity and topic hotspots in the light of co-word analysis.
Methodology: This study adopted bibliometric analysis of publications collected from the Web of Science (WoS) database. The WoS database was searched and 1557 publications were found. 1359 papers were selected for final analysis after eliminating duplicates. Co-occurrence words matrix, keyword clusters, hot topics were mapped using co-word analysis. The results were mapped, clustered and presented by VOSviewer.Results: The result showed a rapidly increasing publication trajectory with 12 sub-domain cluster under the AI knowledge domain in Bangladesh. It also identified that AI, machine learning, classification, neural network, deep learning, artificial neural network, convolutional neural network, support vector machine and data mining are hot topics during the period of studied time. However, the findings also suggest that many research areas in the research domain of AI of Bangladesh is still nascent.Limitation: VOSviewer often avoid having overlapping terms when multiple terms are positioned very close to each other. So, the overlapping terms remain invisible sometimes.Practical implications: This study may have potential usefulness in uncovering the AI research fields’ intellectual structure within a discipline and also to anticipate future innovation pathways of AI field in Bangladesh.Originality: Bibliometric methods to explore the research trend and growth of AI research field as a ‘knowledge base’ in Bangladesh is one of the first attempts.
Erfaring med bruk av video i praksisundervisningen for radiografstudenter
Authors: Hammerstrøm Linda , Strømme Johannesen Tone 
Published: December 2021

Sammendrag
Artikkelen beskriver erfaringer med utvikling og gjennomføring av et seminar i praksisundervisningen for 1.års studenter ved bachelorstudiet i Radiografi ved OsloMet – storbyuniversitetet. Hensikten var å få studentene til å systematisere teoretisk og praktisk kunnskap knyttet til prosedyren for røntgen thorax. Studentene vurderte først gruppevis en video av prosedyren relatert til læringsutbyttene i emnet, og diskuterte den så i plenum. Studentenes opplevelser av undervisningsformen ble innhentet i en kvalitativ, elektronisk spørreundersøkelse. Seminaret ble oppfattet som lærerikt og skapte fruktbare diskusjoner og refleksjon. Dette gjaldt særlig de studentene som allerede hadde gjennomført praksis og hadde tilegnet seg egne erfaringer. Struktur og samarbeid i grupper og i plenum opplevdes som viktig for resultatet. Resultater fra evaluering av undervisningen kan tyde på at video av røntgenprosedyrer har gunstig betydning for studentenes fagforståelse i praksisundervisningen når den benyttes i en studentaktiv læringssituasjon.
Overcoming awkwardness
Authors: Chey Jocelyn Valerie 
Published: December 2021

As Chinese people engaged with the Australian cultural scene in recent years, two posts about its humour attracted considerable attention from netizens in the People’s Republic of China. The post authors believed that their firsthand accounts of events demonstrated how Australians used humour to overcome awkward situations and regarded this as an essential national characteristic. In each case, other interpretations were possible if cultural factors had been taken into account, including the contemporary culture of China, Putonghua language usage and the Anglo-centrism that is common to cross-cultural studies. This exploratory generalist textual study concludes that the authors’ interpretations were largely determined by their cultural bias and by traditional regard for ‘face’ and politeness, and reflect the fact that, ultimately, the extent of cross-cultural communication is governed by international politics.
Role of Staple Food Production in Ensuring Food Security in Nigeria
Authors: Harry A. T. , Urang E. S. , Olise N. M. 
Published: December 2021

The study investigated the role of staple food production in ensuring food security. The study investigated role of staple food production in ensuring food security in Nigeria. The objectives of this study are to: determine the impact of staple food production on gross domestic product of crops in Nigeria, investigate the value of government guaranteed agricultural loan to farmers on agricultural production in Nigeria, and examine the value of food import bill on total value of import of Nigeria. The study employed time series data. Data is generated from the Central Bank of Nigeria and the National Bureau of statistics bulletin. The study employed the ordinary least square (OLS) of simple regression. The study conducted both econometric and statistical tests. The empirical results showed R2 value of 0.24,053 and 0.22 for models 1-3 respectively. The three models are rightly signed. The coefficient (β) of 0.1631 (model 1) showed that 100% increase in staple food production would lead to a 16.31% increase in gross domestic production of crops (GDPC). Since the computed t-value of 3.102765 falls outside the critical region of 0.0042, we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternate hypothesis at 5% level of significance. The model 3 test showed that the total import bill (TIMB) was significantly sensitive to variation in the food import bill (β=30.7422). The result confirms that 30.7% of the variation in total import bill was accounted for by the food import bill. Based on the results, the study recommended that emphasis should be placed on one hand and ensuring food security (self-sufficiency) in general.
Long‐term occupancy records and infill renovation of housing designed based on the century housing system
Authors: Minami Kazunobu , Maruyama Ryotarou 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper reports on changes in lifestyles and infill renovation of a multi‐dwelling housing complex built based on the Century Housing System (CHS) in 1987. The purpose of this research is to gain insight into the adaptability and changeability of the infill system to extend the life of such housing. This is the first investigation on CHS housing since it was first occupied. The authors found that the building components that were designed to be used and replaced every 12 to 25 years were actually replaced in many units as planned.
Endozoicomonas
Authors: Glaeser Stefanie P. , Kämpfer Peter 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

En.do.zo.i.co.mo'nas. Gr. pref. adj.
endo
, inside; Gr. masc. adj.
zoikos
, animal; Gr. fem. n.
monas
, a unit, monad; N.L. fem. n.
Endozoicomonas
, monad living inside an animal.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Oceanospirillales / Endozoicomonadaceae / Endozoicomonas

The genus
Endozoicomonas
accommodates bacteria with rod‐shaped cells, which can be motile or not. Non‐spore‐forming. Gram‐strain‐negative. Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic. Catalase‐ and oxidase‐variable. All
Endozoicomonas
species are able to grow between 15 and 30°C. Some species are able to grow at 4, 10, and 37°C. All species grow at a pH range of pH 5.0–10.0 and in the presence of 0.5–5% NaCl. No growth is recorded without NaCl.

The predominant cellular fatty acids of all
Endozoicomonas
species are summed features containing C
16:1
ω7
c
/C
16:1
ω
6c
, C
18:1
ω6
c
/C
18:1
ω7
c
, and C
16:0
. C
10:0
3‐OH is reported in all species and C
12:0
3‐OH in almost all species as hydroxylated fatty acids. The major polar lipids have been recorded only for some species and comprise phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and diphosphatidylglycerol. The major respiratory quinone is ubiquinone Q‐9. In some species ubiquinone Q‐8 is found in minor amounts. Member of the class
Gammaproteobacteria
and order
Oceanospirillales
, forming a monophyletic clade within the family
Endozoicomonadaceae
. The known habitats are marine invertebrates, in most cases corals and sponges belonging to different genera.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 47.3–52.5 (HPLC, T
m
, genome sequence).

Type species
:
Endozoicomonas elysicola
Kurahashi and Yokota 2007, VL114.
Flexible Asymmetric Supercapacitors with Extremely Slow Self‐Discharge Rate Enabled by a Bilayer Heterostructure Polymer Electrolyte
Authors: Wan Jun , Lv Tian , Liu Yanan , Wang Xue , Yang Yunlong , Chen Zilin , Qi Yunlong , Cao Shaokui , Chen Tao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAsymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) with high working voltages, power density, and long cyclic life have attracted widespread interest. Along with their rapid charge process, the ASCs also exhibit fast self‐discharge behavior, which remains a big challenge. Unfortunately, very limited studies have been focused on this crucial issue. Here, a flexible asymmetric supercapacitor with excellent electrochemical performance and ultra‐long self‐discharge time is reported, which is enabled by designing a bilayer heterogeneous polymer electrolyte (HPE) of polyanions/polycations between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The developed HPE‐based ASCs exhibit comparable electrochemical performance with those of ASCs by using homogeneous polymer electrolytes. The existing repulsive force between the charged polyelectrolytes and the movable ions can efficiently restrict the diffusion and the redistribution of the small ions, which gives the fully charged HPE‐based ASC an extremely long self‐discharge time of 110 h as the open‐circuit voltage decreases to half of its original value, over ten times longer than the devices based on homogeneous polymer electrolytes. This work indicates that the self‐discharge rate of ASCs can be efficiently suppressed by using the heterogeneous polymer electrolyte, which is helpful in the context of broadening their applications in the field of flexible electronics.
Multi‐Level Passivation of MAPbI3 Perovskite for Efficient and Stable Photovoltaics
Authors: Wei Ning , Chen Yuetian , Wang Xingtao , Miao Yanfeng , Qin Zhixiao , Liu Xiaomin , Wei Hao , Zhao Yixin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe photovoltaic performance and long‐term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are greatly affected by trap states. Herein, a functional ionic liquid of 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium trifluoroacetate (EMIMTFA) is introduced, in which the 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium cations (EMIM+) can interact with PbI2 to form a stable one‐dimensional (1D) perovskite of EMIMPbI3, and the trifluoroacetic acid anions (TFA−) can passivate the interface between the electron transfer layer and the perovskite layer. Unlike, the widely studied low dimensional perovskite capping layers or quasi‐2D configuration, the EMIM+ cations not only distribute on the top surface and inside the bulk phase, but also accumulate at the buried interface of 3D perovskite film, achieving a multi‐level distribution. The different defect states are successfully passivated by this distribution mode, leading to a significant decrease of non‐radiative recombination. As a result, the methyammonium lead iodide‐based PSCs with the EMIMTFA additive show an enhanced photovoltaic performance with a champion power conversion efficiency up to 22.14% and improved long‐term stability. This work demonstrates that the formation of multilevel low‐dimensional structure is a new strategy for the preparation of efficient and stable PSCs.
Adhesive Hemostatic Hydrogel with Ultrafast Gelation Arrests Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage in Pigs
Authors: Xia Xianfeng , Xu Xiayi , Wang Bin , Zhou Di , Zhang Weili , Xie Xian , Lai Huasheng , Xue Ju , Rai Aliza , Li Zhuo , Peng Xin , Zhao Pengchao , Bian Liming , Chiu Philip Wai‐Yan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUpper gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage is a common clinical emergency worldwide. Endoscopic hemostasis is the current first line treatment. Nevertheless, for patients with severe active bleeding and challenging anatomy, endoscopic management can be still difficult and usually requires a higher level of surgical expertise. A simple and effective method of endoscopic hemostasis is therefore in acute clinical demand. Herein a hemostatic hybrid hydrogel comprised of hyaluronic acid and polyethylene glycol stabilized by thiourea–catechol coupling and disulfide bonds is reported. The hybrid hydrogels exhibit enhanced mechanical properties, short gelation time, and good blood clotting ability compared with fibrin gels. The in vivo hemostatic efficacy is confirmed in a rat model of arterial bleeding, in which the rapid gelation of hybrid hydrogels after topical application effectively arrests blood loss with no rebleeding occurring during resuscitation when blood pressure approximately recovers to normal. A large animal study further demonstrates the efficacy of hybrid hydrogels to achieve endoscopic hemostasis against upper GI hemorrhage in pigs. Follow‐up observations show that the hybrid hydrogels can remain adherent at the bleeding wound for 48 h, indicating the sustained hemostatic function in vivo. Collectively, this work demonstrates a promising hemostatic hydrogel for endoscopic hemostasis in upper GI hemorrhage.
Initiating a Stretchable, Compressible, and Wearable Thermoelectric Generator by a Spiral Architecture with Ternary Nanocomposites for Efficient Heat Harvesting
Authors: Liang Lirong , Wang Miaomiao , Wang Xiaodong , Peng Peng , Liu Zhuoxin , Chen Guangming , Sun Guoxing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThermoelectric generators (TEGs) based on organic/inorganic nanocomposites have made great achievements in recent years, while rational design of flexible TEGs to harvest energy via cross‐plane heat flux remains a great challenge. Herein, flexible poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxytiophene)‐tosylate/Te/single‐walled carbon nanotubes (PEDOT‐Tos/Te/SWCNTs) ternary nanocomposite films with unique layered structure are synthesized, exhibiting an optimized power factor of 131.9 ± 8.5 µW m–1 K–2 that is ≈120 times of that of the pristine PEDOT‐Tos. A spiral architecture is subsequently proposed to assemble the nanocomposite films into 3D TEGs, resulting in device‐level flexibility, stretchability, and compressibility. The spiral‐like TEGs can realize efficient heat‐to‐electricity conversion through cross‐plane heat flux, and large output powers of 7.04 and 9.59 µW are achieved for the TEG prototypes with 10 p‐type legs and 5 pairs of p‐n couples, respectively, under a temperature difference of 80 K, surpassing most reported TEGs using Te‐based composites. They can also provide stable energy output upon multiple stretching and compressing cycles. Furthermore, the spiral‐like TEGs are demonstrated versatile applications to harvest human body heat on wrist, and to generate electricity via the temperature difference induced by hot water or liquid nitrogen. This work offers a promising route to exploit thermoelectric composites for flexible and wearable applications.
Edible, Ultrastrong, and Microplastic‐Free Bacterial Cellulose‐Based Straws by Biosynthesis
Authors: Yang Huai‐Bin , Liu Zhao‐Xiang , Yin Chong‐Han , Han Zi‐Meng , Guan Qing‐Fang , Zhao Yu‐Xiang , Ling Zhang‐Chi , Liu Hao‐Cheng , Yang Kun‐Peng , Sun Wen‐Bin , Yu Shu‐Hong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe widespread use of disposable plastic straws cause serious environmental problems and poses potential threats to human health, while paper straws, their most used alternatives, are not so satisfactory due to poor mechanical performance and unpleasant user experience. Here, a new kind of edible and microplastic‐free straw made from bacterial cellulose (BC) by biosynthesis is reported. Through the alginate coating, this BC‐based straw achieves better mechanical performance than paper straws and avoids additional adhesives. Owing to the 3D nanofiber network and strong interlayer connection, the comprehensive performance of this BC‐based straw surpasses that of commercially available counterparts, satisfying the requirements for practical use. Of particular note, the edible character provides a better user experience and a new end‐of‐life option for the straws, making the BC‐based straw a healthier and more eco‐friendly substitute for plastic straws.
Improvement of Stretchable and Washable Carbon‐Nanotube‐Based Textile Supercapacitors by using Molybdenum Trioxide Nanoflakes and Prewashing Treatment
Authors: Duy Le Thai , Sial Qadeer Akbar , Seo Hyungtak 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe attraction of electronic textiles for next‐generation wearable electronic devices has raised the demands of washable and stretchable energy storage. However, negative effects of washing on the textile‐based devices are majorly known. In this work, besides the innovation of a conventional stretchable composite based on carbon nanotubes (CNT) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for textile‐based supercapacitors, findings regarding negative and positive effects of washing are introduced. Since the CNT‐and‐PDMS‐based composite (CNT+PDMS) owns high stretchability but low electrochemical performance, two strategies using molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) nanoflakes are designed for upgrading the composite performance. Through stretching, washing, and electrochemical tests, the pros and cons of these strategies are revealed and discussed. Besides, a positive effect of chemical treatment of a liquid detergent (i.e., prewashing) is discovered, and it can improve the prewashed supercapacitor electrodes from 10 to 84 mF cm−2 at a scan rate of 10 mV s−1. Compared to supercapacitor cells assembled from unwashed electrodes, those of the sufficiently prewashed electrodes possess similar stretchability (≈60%) but threefold higher energy and power densities (3.9 μWh cm−2 and 0.89 mW cm−2, respectively). Overall, those findings are beneficial for the development of sustainable e‐textiles for wearable electronic applications.