bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN PERAN KELOMPOK REHABILITASI BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KESEJAHTERAAN PENYANDANG DISABILITAS
Authors: Surwanti Arni , Puspitosari Warih Andan 
Published: May 2022

Layanan pada penyandang disabilitas berbasis lembaga atau melalui panti membutuhkan pembiayaan tinggiÂ serta layanan pada penyandang disabilitas yang dapat dijangkai sangat terbatas. Oleh karena itu Kementerian Sosial sebagai leading sector penanganan masalah disabilitas telah menggulirkan kebijakan pemberdayaan disabilitas yang menitikberatkan pada partisipasi aktif keluarga dan masyarakat.Desa Panggungharjo salah satu desa di Kecamatan Sewon Kabupaten Bantul Yogyakarta telah memiliki Kelompok Berbasis Masyarakat/RBM. Sebagai lembaga di Desa yang masih baru kelompok Rehabilitasi Berbasis Masyarakat ini masih belum menunjukkan perannya dengan baik dalam memberikan layanan pada penyandang Disabilitas. Hal ini karena pemahaman personil dalam kelompok ini tentang issue disabilitas masih terbatas. Sementara itu di sisi lain pada saat ini, penyandang disabilitasÂ di Desa Panggungharjo masih menghadapi persoalan yang berkenaan dengan kesejahteraan.Program Kemitraan Masyarakat diharapkan dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut denganÂ pertama, melakukan peningkatan kualitas personil kelompok rehabilitasi berbasis masyarakat. Kedua, pendampingan pada Kelompok Rehabilitasi Berbasis Masyarakat untuk melakukan kegiatan-kegiatannya. Ketiga, peningkatan kapasitas penyandang disabilitas melalui pemberian pelatihan motivasi, pelatihan ketrampilan & manajemen kewirausahaan pada penyandang disabilitas; pembentukan kelompok usaha serta serta adanya pendampingan usaha yang dijalankan penyandang disabilitas.Guna menjadi keberlanjutan program, diharapkan dapat menggunakan dana anggaran desa, dana anggaran kecamatan dan dana anggaran kabupatenÂ dengan dukungan kelompok rehabilitas berbasis masyarakat.
PENYULUHAN DAN PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN SAMPAH ANORGANIK DAN ORGANIK MENJADI ECOBRICK DAN PUPUK CAIR ORGANIK
Authors: Amelia Shinta , Rahayu Aster , Salamah Siti 
Published: May 2022

Perkembangan populasi masyarakat Indonesia sedemikian pesat sehingga menimbulkan berbagai dampak baik positif maupun negative. Salah satu dampak negative yang ditimbulkan akibat pertumbuhan penduduk adalah sampah. Setiap rumah tangga menghasilkan sampah yang tidak sedikit jumlahnya. Beban pengelolaan sampah saat ini tergantung pada Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) di masing-masing daerah. Sehingga hal ini menimbulkan dampak sosial dan lingkungan yang cukup serius. Masalah sampah tidak hanya terdapat di wilayah perkotaan namun telah sampai pada wilayah pedesaan. Masyarakat pedesaan biasanya membuang sampah langsung ke sungai atau membakarnya di kebun mereka. Pola kebiasaan tersebut dapat menimbulkan pencemaran udara maupun lingkungan perairan. Oleh karena itu, pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat agar dapat memilah sampah menurut jenisnya sehingga tahap selanjutnya sampah tersebut lebih mudah untuk diolah menjadi barang yang bernilai jual. Berdasarkan jenisnya sampah dibagi menjadi 2, yaitu sampah anorganik dan sampah organik. Sampah anorganik yang dihasilkan dalam rumah tangga antara lain, botol, plastik kemasan makanan maupun minuman. Sedangkan sampah organik yang dihasilkan rumah tangga seperti, sisa sayur, sisa buah maupun sisa makanan. Dalam pengabdian ini masyarakat diberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan mengenai cara memilah dan mengolah sampah anorganik maupun organik. Sampah anorganik dioleh menjadi ecobrick sedangkan sampah organik diolah menjadi pupuk cair. Hasil pengabdian ini adalah dapat menambah wawasan dan merubah pola penanganan sampah di masyarakat agar lebih peduli terhadap kelestarian lingkungan. Selain itu teknologi sederhana dan ramah lingkungan sehingga masyarakat dapat mengaplikasikan langsung untuk mengolah sampah rumah tangganya secara mandiri. Â Â Â
Cardiovascular risk factors and their relationship with clinical and sociodemographic characteristics in nursing students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: de Lima Neto Silva Caroline , Mendes Weslei Natan Santos , Rossi Marina Bertelli , Morais Sheila Coelho Ramalho Vasconcelos , Lopes Camila Takao , de Lima Lopes Juliana 
Published: May 2022

Background/Aims The incidence of cardiovascular risk factors is high among both nurses and university students in general. This study assessed the relationship between sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors in undergraduate nursing students. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 173 nursing students. Various cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated, including arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, obesity, excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep apnoea, smoking, alcohol use and sedentarism. Associations were then identified between these factors and participants' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, such as age, gender, living situation, lifestyle and presence of other conditions. Results The most prevalent risk factors were alcohol use, sedentarism and excessive daytime sleepiness. These were significantly associated with several variables, including smoking, religion, taking medical leave and participation in sporting events. Conclusions Nurses and university professors should be aware of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors among nursing students so that strategies can be devised to address them.
Heterodyne spectrometer sensitivity limit for quantum networking
Authors: Chapman Joseph C. , Peters Nicholas A. 
Published: May 2022

Optical heterodyne detection-based spectrometers are attractive due to
their relatively simple construction and ultrahigh resolution. Here we
demonstrate a proof-of-principle single-mode optical-fiber-based
heterodyne spectrometer that has picometer resolution and
quantum-limited sensitivity around 1550 nm. Moreover, we report a
generalized quantum limit of detecting broadband
multispectral-temporal-mode light using heterodyne detection, which
provides a sensitivity limit on a heterodyne detection-based optical
spectrometer. We then compare this sensitivity limit to several
spectrometer types and dim light sources of interest such as
spontaneous parametric downconversion, Raman scattering, and
spontaneous four-wave mixing. We calculate that the heterodyne
spectrometer is significantly less sensitive than a single-photon
detector and is unable to detect these dim light sources, except for
the brightest and narrowest-bandwidth examples.
Antireflective film of porous silica
Authors: Zhang Zuyi 
Published: May 2022

We aimed to strengthen the antireflection coating of low refractive index, by using spinodal porous films based on phase separation of sodium borosilicate glass. Coating films were prepared by printing a glass paste onto a silica substrate, and melting at temperatures from 900°C to 1000°C, allowing phase separation at 600°C and finally etching to porosities of

∼

60

%

. Coating with reflections as low as 0.5% was achieved, which consisted of a homogeneous porous layer of several micrometers in thickness and a graded region of up to 400 nm in width at the interface with the substrate. As to the optical property, simulations based on three-layer and two-layer models were carried out, into which was incorporated a term expressing mutual coherence degree between reflections from the surface and interface with coherence length of the light source.
COVID-19 heterogeneity in islands chain environment
Authors: Chyba Monique , Kunwar Prateek , Mileyko Yuriy , Tong Alan , Lau Winnie , Koniges Alice 
Published: May 2022

Background
It is critical to capture data and modeling from the COVID-19 pandemic to understand as much as possible and prepare for future epidemics and possible pandemics. The Hawaiian Islands provide a unique opportunity to study heterogeneity and demographics in a controlled environment due to the geographically closed borders and mostly uniform pandemic-induced governmental controls and restrictions.

Objective
The goal of the paper is to quantify the differences and similarities in the spread of COVID-19 among different Hawaiian islands as well as several other archipelago and islands, which could potentially help us better understand the effect of differences in social behavior and various mitigation measures. The approach should be robust with respect to the unavoidable differences in time, as the arrival of the virus and promptness of mitigation measures may vary significantly among the chosen locations. At the same time, the comparison should be able to capture differences in the overall pandemic experience.

Methods
We examine available data on the daily cases, positivity rates, mobility, and employ a compartmentalized model fitted to the daily cases to develop appropriate comparison approaches. In particular, we focus on merge trees for the daily cases, normalized positivity rates, and baseline transmission rates of the models.

Results
We observe noticeable differences among different Hawaiian counties and interesting similarities between some Hawaiian counties and other geographic locations. The results suggest that mitigation measures should be more localized, that is, targeting the county level rather than the state level if the counties are reasonably insulated from one another. We also notice that the spread of the disease is very sensitive to unexpected events and certain changes in mitigation measures.

Conclusions
Despite being a part of the same archipelago and having similar protocols for mitigation measures, different Hawaiian counties exhibit quantifiably different dynamics of the spread of the disease. One potential explanation is that not sufficiently targeted mitigation measures are incapable of handling unexpected, localized outbreak events. At a larger-scale view of the general spread of the disease on the Hawaiian island counties, we find very interesting similarities between individual Hawaiian islands and other archipelago and islands.
MOSAIC (MOthers’ AdvocateS In the Community) for pregnant women and mothers of children under 5 with experience of intimate partner violence: A pilot randomized trial study protocol
Authors: Hailemariam Maji , Zlotnick Caron , Taft Angela , Johnson Jennifer E. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPregnancy and motherhood increase the risk for long-term exposure to physical, psychological and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV; sexual or physical violence by current or former partners). Pregnant women and mothers with children under 5 who have experienced IPV exhibit poor physical and mental health and obstetric outcomes. Depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are the two most common mental health consequences of IPV. There is good evidence that women with good social support have better mental health and IPV outcomes.MethodsThis study will develop MOthers’ AdvocateS In the Community (MOSAIC) Plus intervention for pregnant women and mothers with children under the age of 5. MOSAIC uses trained mentor mothers and has been found to reduce subsequent IPV. This study will blend the original MOSAIC intervention with principles of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) to address symptoms of depression, PTSD, and prevent subsequent risk of IPV. We will conduct a pilot randomized trial of the MOSAIC Plus intervention compared to the traditional MOSAIC intervention to determine its feasibility and acceptability. Study samples include focus groups (n = 36), open trial (n = 15), and a randomized pilot trial including 40 pregnant women and mothers with children under 5 who report current/recent of IPV and elevated symptoms of maternal depression and/or PTSD. The study’s primary outcome will be changes in maternal depressive and PTSD symptoms. Secondary outcomes will include reduction in subsequent IPV, improvement in functioning, changes in social support and effectiveness in obtaining resources.DiscussionThis is a formative study evaluating the feasibility and acceptability of a mentor mother intervention for pregnant women and mothers with children under 5. Promising results of this study will be used for a larger, fully-powered randomized trial evaluating the effectiveness of a mentor mother intervention in preventing subsequent IPV and reducing depressive and PTSD symptoms in this population.
Hispanic ethnicity and mortality among critically ill patients with COVID-19
Authors: Ricardo Ana C. , Chen Jinsong , Toth-Manikowski Stephanie M. , Meza Natalie , Joo Min , Gupta Shruti , Lazarous Deepa G. , Leaf David E. , Lash James P. ,   on behalf of the STOP-COVID Investigators
Published: May 2022

Background
Hispanic persons living in the United States (U.S.) are at higher risk of infection and death from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared with non-Hispanic persons. Whether this disparity exists among critically ill patients with COVID-19 is unknown.

Objective
To evaluate ethnic disparities in mortality among critically ill adults with COVID-19 enrolled in the Study of the Treatment and Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 (STOP-COVID).

Methods
Multicenter cohort study of adults with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units (ICU) at 67 U.S. hospitals from March 4 to May 9, 2020. Multilevel logistic regression was used to evaluate 28-day mortality across racial/ethnic groups.

Results
A total of 2153 patients were included (994 [46.2%] Hispanic and 1159 [53.8%] non-Hispanic White). The median (IQR) age was 62 (51–71) years (non-Hispanic White, 66 [57–74] years; Hispanic, 56 [46–67] years), and 1462 (67.9%) were men. Compared with non-Hispanic White patients, Hispanic patients were younger; were less likely to have hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease, or heart failure; and had longer duration of symptoms prior to ICU admission. During median (IQR) follow-up of 14 (7–24) days, 785 patients (36.5%) died. In analyses adjusted for age, sex, clinical characteristics, and hospital size, Hispanic patients had higher odds of death compared with non-Hispanic White patients (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.12–1.84).

Conclusions
Among critically ill adults with COVID-19, Hispanic patients were more likely to die than non-Hispanic White patients, even though they were younger and had lower comorbidity burden. This finding highlights the need to provide earlier access to care to Hispanic individuals with COVID-19, especially given our finding of longer duration of symptoms prior to ICU admission among Hispanic patients. In addition, there is a critical need to address ongoing disparities in post hospital discharge care for patients with COVID-19.
Screening for balance in children and adults in a community science education setting: Normative data, influence of age, sex, and body mass index, and feasibility
Authors: Friello Phyllis , Silver Nathan , Sangi-Haghpeykar Haleh , Cohen Helen S. 
Published: May 2022

Background
Screening standing and walking balance is useful for people suspected of having vestibular disorders, a variety of neurologic and musculoskeletal disorders, and for screening astronauts returning after exposure to microgravity. Visitors to a community science education center children and adults, aged 4 to 85, were tested on tandem walking with eyes closed and the modified Romberg test on compliant foam. They were then asked about their experience participating in research, many people for the first time.

Methods
Subjects performed 10 steps of tandem walking with eyes closed, and three trials of the modified Romberg, or Clinical Test of Sensory Integration and Balance, with eyes closed, standing on compliant memory foam, with a) head still, b) head shaking in yaw, and c) head nodding in pitch. Afterward, staff queried subjects about the experience of participating in science.

Results
Age-related changes across the life span occurred in both sets of tests. Therefore, look-up tables by age are provided. Body mass index significantly affected tandem walking. Some sex differences were found. The tests were easy to administer in a community setting. Most participants enjoyed the experience and reported that they learned about the process of scientific research.

Discussion
These data support and extend the evidence for age-related changes in balance performance across the lifespan and for an influence of body mass index on some balance skills. Clinicians and sports educators should be cognizant of these differences when they use these tests for screening. The community science education environment provided a useful laboratory in which to collect valid and reliable data, while simultaneously educating participants about the process of science.
Inflammation, underweight, malignancy and a marked catabolic state as predictors for worse outcomes in COVID-19 patients with moderate-to-severe disease admitted to Internal Medicine Unit
Authors: Guglielmi Valeria , Colangeli Luca , Scipione Valeria , Ballacci Simona , Di Stefano Martina , Hauser Lauren , Colella Bisogno Michela , D’Adamo Monica , Medda Emanuela , Sbraccia Paolo 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionDuring COVID-19 pandemic, Internal Medicine Units (IMUs) accounted for about 70% of patients hospitalized. Although a large body of data has been published regarding the so-called first wave of the pandemic, little is known about the characteristics and predictors of worse outcomes of patients managed in IMUs during the second wave.MethodsWe prospectively assessed demographics, comorbidities, treatment and outcomes, including ventilation support (VS) and death, in patients admitted to our IMU for SARS-CoV-2 between October 13th, 2020 and January 21st, 2021. Clinical evolution and biochemical testing 1, 7 and 14 days after COVID-19 diagnosis were recorded.ResultsWe studied 120 patients (M/F 56/64, age 71±14.5 years) admitted to our IMU. Most of them had at least one comorbidity (80%). Patients who died were older, more frequently underweight, affected by malignant neoplasms and on statin therapy compared to patients eventually discharged. Both worse outcome groups (VS and death) presented higher neutrophils, ferritin, IL-6 and lower total proteins levels than controls. Age was significantly associated with mortality but not with VS need. The multivariate analysis showed age and gender independent association of mortality with underweight, malignancy and antibiotics use at the admission. With regard to biochemical parameters, both unfavourable outcomes were positively associated with high WBC count, neutrophils, blood urea nitrogen and low serum total proteins.ConclusionsOur study identified inflammation, underweight, malignancy and a marked catabolic state as the main predictors for worse outcomes in COVID-19 patients admitted to IMU during the so-called second wave of the pandemic.
What is the evidence for efficacy, effectiveness and safety of surgical interventions for plantar fasciopathy? A systematic review
Authors: MacRae C. Sian , Roche Andrew J. , Sinnett Tim J. , O’Connell Neil E. 
Published: May 2022

Aims
To systematically review randomised control trials (RCT’s) assessing the effectiveness and safety of surgical interventions in adults with plantar fasciopathy (PF).

Materials and methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, trial registries and references lists. RCT’s comparing surgical interventions with non-surgical or surgical comparisons in adults with PF were included. Primary outcomes were changes in first step pain severity/intensity, and incidence/nature of adverse events. Secondary outcomes included foot and ankle related disability/function, health related quality of life, cost effectiveness, changes in other reported measures of pain and medication use. Data were extracted at short-term (≤3 months post-intervention), medium-term (>3months—≤6 months post-intervention) or long-term (>6 months—≤2 years post-treatment). Certainty of evidence was evaluated using the modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).

Results
From 3620 screened records, we included 8 studies comprising 345 patients. Substantial variation across trials precluded meta-analysis, hence a narrative synthesis was conducted. We judged all studies to have high risk of bias. For all outcome comparisons our GRADE judgement for the certainty of the evidence was very low. Three studies compared one type of surgery with another largely showing little to no difference in outcomes for pain, function or quality of life. Five studies compared surgery with non-surgical interventions—three providing very low certainty evidence that surgery may improve pain and function at long-term follow-up compared to non-surgical comparisons, whereas two studies provided no long-term between-group differences. Reporting of adverse events were inadequate, inconsistent or absent across all studies.

Conclusion
There is a paucity of high certainty evidence to support or refute the effectiveness and safety of surgical interventions in the management of PF. We make recommendations for improving the evidence base in this field.
Influence of head‐up tile and lower body negative pressure on the internal jugular vein
Authors: Ogoh Shigehiko , Hirasawa Ai , Shibata Shigeki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHead‐up tilt (HUT)‐induced gravitational stress causes collapse of the internal jugular vein (IJV) by decreasing central blood volume and through mass‐effect from the surrounding tissues. Besides HUT, lower body negative pressure (LBNP) is used to stimulate orthostatic stress as an experimental model. Compared to HUT, LBNP has less of a gravitational effect because of the supine position; therefore, we hypothesized that LBNP causes less of a decrease in the cross‐sectional area of the IJV compared to HUT. We tested the hypothesis by measuring the cross‐sectional area of the IJV using B‐mode ultrasonography while inducing orthostatic stress at levels of −40 mmHg LBNP and 60° HUT. The cross‐sectional area of IJV decreased from the resting baseline during both LBNP and HUT trials, but the LBNP‐induced decrease in the cross‐sectional area of IJV was smaller than that of HUT (right, −45% ± 49% vs. −78% ± 27%, p = 0.008; left, −49% ± 27% vs. −78% ± 20%, p = 0.004). Since changes in venous outflow may affect cerebral arterial circulation, the findings of the present study suggest that orthostatic stress induced by different techniques modulates cerebral blood flow regulation through its effect on venous outflow.