bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absolute SESAM characterization via polarization-resolved non-collinear equivalent time sampling
Authors: Nussbaum-Lapping Alexander , Phillips Christopher R. , Willenberg Benjamin , Pupeikis Justinas , Keller Ursula 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSemiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) have enabled a wide variety of modelocked laser systems, which makes measuring their nonlinear properties an important step in laser design. Here, we demonstrate complete characterization of SESAMs using an equivalent time sampling apparatus. The light source is a free-running dual-comb laser, which produces a pair of sub-150-fs modelocked laser outputs at 1051 nm from a single cavity. The average pulse repetition rate is 80.1 MHz, and the full time window is scanned at 240 Hz. Cross-correlation between the beams is used to calibrate the time axis of the measurements, and we use a non-collinear pump-probe geometry on the sample. The measurements enable fast and robust determination of all the nonlinear reflectivity and recovery time parameters of the devices from a single setup, and show good agreement with conventional nonlinear reflectivity measurements. We compare measurements to a rate equation model, showing good agreement up to high pulse fluence values and revealing that the samples tested exhibit a slightly slower recovery at higher fluence values. Lastly, we examine the polarization dependence of the reflectivity, revealing a reduced rollover if cross-polarized beams are used or if the sample is oriented optimally around the beam axis.
Automated foveal location detection on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in geographic atrophy patients
Authors: Montesel Andrea , Gigon Anthony , Mosinska Agata , Apostolopoulos Stefanos , Ciller Carlos , De Zanet Sandro , Mantel Irmela 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To develop a fully automated algorithm for accurate detection of fovea location in atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD), based on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans.

Methods
Image processing was conducted on a cohort of patients affected by geographic atrophy (GA). SD-OCT images (cube volume) from 55 eyes (51 patients) were extracted and processed with a layer segmentation algorithm to segment Ganglion Cell Layer (GCL) and Inner Plexiform Layer (IPL). Their en face thickness projection was convolved with a 2D Gaussian filter to find the global maximum, which corresponded to the detected fovea. The detection accuracy was evaluated by computing the distance between manual annotation and predicted location.

Results
The mean total location error was 0.101±0.145mm; the mean error in horizontal and vertical en face axes was 0.064±0.140mm and 0.063±0.060mm, respectively. The mean error for foveal and extrafoveal retinal pigment epithelium and outer retinal atrophy (RORA) was 0.096±0.070mm and 0.107±0.212mm, respectively. Our method obtained a significantly smaller error than the fovea localization algorithm inbuilt in the OCT device (0.313±0.283mm, p <.001) or a method based on the thinnest central retinal thickness (0.843±1.221, p <.001). Significant outliers are depicted with the reliability score of the method.

Conclusion
Despite retinal anatomical alterations related to GA, the presented algorithm was able to detect the foveal location on SD-OCT cubes with high reliability. Such an algorithm could be useful for studying structural-functional correlations in atrophic AMD and could have further applications in different retinal pathologies.
Understanding the relationships between information technology and lean and agile supply chain strategies: a systematic literature review
Authors: Oliveira-Dias Diéssica , Moyano-Fuentes José , Maqueira-Marín Juan Manuel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study analyzes the relationships studied in the literature between Information Technologies (IT) and two supply chain strategies that have similar mechanisms of action: Lean Supply Chain (LSC) and Agile Supply Chain (ASC). The purpose is to identify and understand the role that IT plays in the two strategies depending on the way that it is conceptualized, and whether this is transferred to performance. The Systematic Literature Review is the methodology used to locate articles, select and analyze their content. In general terms, research to date shows a positive association between IT and these two supply chain strategies and that this association improves business results. However, the study shows that research into LSC and ASC has used different conceptualizations of IT and, in some cases, these conceptualizations can have different effects on the study’s outcomes. This paper proposes directions for future research and theoretical development are suggested.
Detection of occludable angle with anterior segment optical coherence tomography and Pentacam as non-contact screening methods
Authors: Benitez-del-Castillo Javier , Nowrouzi Ali , Rodriguez-Calzadilla Mario , Mota-Chozas Inmaculada , Pinazo-Duran Maria Dolores 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate diagnostic capacity for occludable anterior chamber angle detection with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and Pentacam.

Methods
Observational cross-sectional study with AS-OCT and Pentacam. AS-OCT measures: angle opening distance from Schwalbe line (SL) perpendicular (AOD-SL-Perp) and vertical to iris (AOD-SL-Vert), and iridotrabecular angle (ITA). Pentacam measures: anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), and anterior chamber angle (ACA). We analysed Spearman’s correlation with gonioscopic classification. Area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for occludable angle detection were compared. Agreement between iridocorneal values of methods was evaluated.

Results
Seventy-four left eyes of 74 patients. Correlation between temporal AS-OCT and gonioscopy: 0.83 (p < 0.0001) AOD-SL-Perp temporal, 0.82 (p < 0.0001) AOD-SL-Vert temporal, and 0.69 (p < 0.0001) ITA temporal. Correlation between AS-OCT nasal and gonioscopy: 0.74 (p < 0.0001) AOD-SL-Perp nasal, 0.74 (p < 0.0001) AOD-SL-Vert nasal, and 0.70 (p < 0.0001) ITA nasal. Correlation of Pentacam with temporal gonioscopy: 0.57 (p < 0.0001) ACD, 0.56 (p < 0.0001) ACV, and 0.63 (p < 0.0001) ACA. Correlation of Pentacam with nasal gonioscopy: 0.47 (IC 0.27–0.73, p < 0.0001) ACD, 0.49 (p < 0.0001) ACV, and 0.56 (CI 0.38–0.7, p < 0.0001) ACA. AS-OCT AUCs: AOD-SL-Perp temporal 0.89 (CI 0.80–0.95), AOD-SL-Vert 0.87 (CI 0.77–0.94), ITA temporal 0.88 (CI 0.78–0.94), AOD-SL-Perp nasal 0.83 (CI 0.72–0.91), AOD-SL-Vert nasal 0.87 (CI 0.77–0.94), and ITA nasal 0.91 (IC 0.81–0.96). Pentacam AUCs: ACD 0.76 (CI 0.64–0.85), ACV 0.75 (CI 0.63–0.84), and ACA 0.84 (CI 0.74–0.92). No statistical differences between different AUCs. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of ACA (Pentacam) with ITA temporal (AS-OCT) 0.59 and with nasal ITA nasal (AS-OCT) 0.65.

Conclusion
Both systems show high capacity for non-contact occludable angle detection. But agreement between methods is moderate or low.
An analysis of the main driving factors of renewable energy consumption in the European Union
Authors: Camacho Ballesta José Antonio , da Silva Almeida Lucas , Rodríguez Mercedes 
Published: January 2022

AbstractClimate change is a major global concern closely related to the strategies aimed at reducing energy consumption and increasing energy efficiency. Over the last decades, the interest in the development of renewable energy (RE) has grown exponentially. In the case of the European Union (EU), the Renewable Energy Directive sets rules to achieve a 32% of total energy consumption to be covered through RE by 2030. In order to achieve this goal, it is important to know what are the main driving factors of RE consumption (REC). This study aims to analyze the impact of economic and social factors on the share of REC in total energy consumption in the EU over the period 2001–2015. For doing so, we estimate a Panel Corrected Standard Error (PCSE) model. The results obtained show that economic factors have a negative effect on REC. In contrast, social factors like education exert a positive effect. This suggests that it is necessary to adopt a holistic approach that includes not only economic but also social aspects in order to foster REC.
ParaDis: a family and paradigm model
Authors: Hathout Nabil , Namer Fiammetta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe unification of inflectional and derivational morphology is an issue that is often debated but on which there is no consensus. On the other hand, it is well known that inflectional morphology is organized into paradigms. This paper contributes to the convergence between inflection and derivation by offering a new paradigmatic model of derivational morphology. This model, called ParaDis, is based on two types of objects, families and paradigms, and on an architecture made up of three levels of representation (formal, categorical and semantic) and a morphological level, which connects the other three. Morphological descriptions are distributed at three levels, where they organize into formal, categorical and semantic families and paradigms. In this way, the analysis of a phenomenon adjusts closely to its level-specific regularities. The paper describes ParaDis and shows how it can be used to analyze a wide range of canonical and non-canonical derivational constructions in a simple and intuitive way. It compares ParaDis to five frameworks (Bochner, 1993; Bonami & Strnadová, 2019; Booij, 2010; Jackendoff & Audring, 2020b; Koenig, 1999) and illustrates its contributions through the analysis of parasynthetic derivatives.
Static Analysis of Controller Area Network Communication for Attack Detection
Authors: Laufenberg Jo , Kropf Thomas , Bringmann Oliver 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe vulnerability of modern cars increases due to their multiple connections to the environment, which offers the possibility of remote attacks in the worst case with fatal outcome. The controller area network (CAN) is still highly used and includes no security features, so intrusion detection systems are a promising approach to secure the communication. The proposed method monitors the CAN communication and uses static checks to differentiate between normal and attack traffic. This enables reliable and comprehensible attack detection and achieves a detection rate up to 100%, generating zero false alarms for the investigated data sets.
Efficient transformation capabilities of single database private block retrieval
Authors: Bhat Radhakrishna , Sunitha N. R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrivate information retrieval (PIR) is one of the promising techniques to preserve user privacy in the presence of trusted-but-curious servers. The information theoretically private query construction assures the highest user privacy over curious and unbounded computation servers. Therefore, the need for information-theoretic private retrieval was fulfilled by various schemes in a variety of PIR settings. But, there is a lack of efficient encryption switching scheme which supports efficient switching between information-theoretic to/from computationally bounded PIRs. We propose a combination of new bit connection methods called rail-shape and signal-shape and new quadratic residuosity assumption based family of trapdoor functions for generic single database private block retrieval (PBR). The main goal of this work is to show that the possibility of mapping from computationally bounded privacy to information theoretic privacy or vice-versa in a single database setting using newly constructed bit connection and trapdoor function combinations. Notably, the proposed schemes are single round, memoryless and plain database schemes (at their basic constructions).
Von Neumann Stability Analysis of DG-Like and PNPM-Like Schemes for PDEs with Globally Curl-Preserving Evolution of Vector Fields
Authors: Balsara Dinshaw S. , Käppeli Roger 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper examines a class of involution-constrained PDEs where some part of the PDE system evolves a vector field whose curl remains zero or grows in proportion to specified source terms. Such PDEs are referred to as curl-free or curl-preserving, respectively. They arise very frequently in equations for hyperelasticity and compressible multiphase flow, in certain formulations of general relativity and in the numerical solution of Schrödinger’s equation. Experience has shown that if nothing special is done to account for the curl-preserving vector field, it can blow up in a finite amount of simulation time. In this paper, we catalogue a class of DG-like schemes for such PDEs. To retain the globally curl-free or curl-preserving constraints, the components of the vector field, as well as their higher moments, must be collocated at the edges of the mesh. They are updated using potentials collocated at the vertices of the mesh. The resulting schemes: (i) do not blow up even after very long integration times, (ii) do not need any special cleaning treatment, (iii) can operate with large explicit timesteps, (iv) do not require the solution of an elliptic system and (v) can be extended to higher orders using DG-like methods. The methods rely on a special curl-preserving reconstruction and they also rely on multidimensional upwinding. The Galerkin projection, highly crucial to the design of a DG method, is now conducted at the edges of the mesh and yields a weak form update that uses potentials obtained at the vertices of the mesh with the help of a multidimensional Riemann solver. A von Neumann stability analysis of the curl-preserving methods is conducted and the limiting CFL numbers of this entire family of methods are catalogued in this work. The stability analysis confirms that with the increasing order of accuracy, our novel curl-free methods have superlative phase accuracy while substantially reducing dissipation. We also show that PNPM-like methods, which only evolve the lower moments while reconstructing the higher moments, retain much of the excellent wave propagation characteristics of the DG-like methods while offering a much larger CFL number and lower computational complexity. The quadratic energy preservation of these methods is also shown to be excellent, especially at higher orders. The methods are also shown to be curl-preserving over long integration times.
Too much or too little information: how unknown uncertainty fuels time inconsistency
Authors: Kim Inhwa , Gamble Keith J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUnder uncertainty, there is considerable heterogeneity in expectations of results, and the outcome of each choice is a reflection of those expectations. This study aims to understand the role of subjective probabilistic inference in updating information for decision-making procedures under uncertainty. We show that adding uncertainty of trade-offs in decision-making criteria induces more inconsistent present preferences. We find that subjective probabilistic inference results in different levels of information acquisition, which plays a central role in many everyday cases of forecasting. The result of forecasting exerts substantive constraints on cognitive processes and shapes a type of restriction or stimulus in decision-making procedures. As uncertainty increases, generated fear of losses turns into an obstacle to the information acquisition process, and especially participants with low probabilistic inference tend to overestimate or underestimate future unknown rewards. In addition, our experiment shows that risk preference does not play a key role in decision-making procedures under unknown uncertainty. This finding is an experimental manifestation of Knight’s argument (Risk, uncertainty, and profit, Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 1921), which explains unknown uncertainty, and shows the relationship between cognitive ability and time inconsistency.
The smart morphing winglet driven by the piezoelectric Macro Fiber Composite actuator
Authors: Chen X. , Liu J. , Li Q. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA smart morphing winglet driven by piezoelectric Macro Fiber Composite (MFC) is designed to adjust cant angle autonomously for various flight conditions. The smart morphing winglet is composed of the MFC actuator, DC-DC converter, power supply, winglet part and wing part. A hinge is designed to transfer the bending deformation of intelligent MFC bending actuator to rotation of the winglet structure so as to achieve the adaptive cant angle. Experimental and numerical work are conducted to evaluate the performance of smart morphing winglet. It is demonstrated that the proposed intelligent MFC bending actuator has an excellent bending performance and load resistance. This smart morphing winglet exhibits the excellent characteristic of flexibility on large deformation and lightweight. Moreover, a series of wind tunnel tests are performed, which demonstrate that the winglet driven by intelligent MFC bending actuator produces sufficient deformation in various wind speed. At high wind speed, the cant angle of the winglet can reach 16 degrees, which is still considered to be very useful for improving the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft. The aerodynamic characteristics are investigated by wind tunnel tests with various attack angles. As a result, when the morphing winglet is actuated, the lift-to-drag ratio could vary up to 11.9% and 6.4%, respectively, under wind speeds of 5.4 and 8.5m/s. Meanwhile, different flight phases such as take-off, cruise and landing are considered to improve aerodynamic performance by adjusting the cant angle of winglet. The smart morphing winglet varies the aerofoil autonomously by controlling the low winglet device input voltage to remain optimal aerodynamic performance during the flight process. It demonstrates the feasibility of piezoelectric composites driving intelligent aircraft.
Implementation of a consensus protocol for antibiotic use for bone and joint infection to reduce unnecessary outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy: A quality improvement initiative
Authors: Suzuki Hiroyuki , Mosher Hilary J. , Heintz Brett H. , Livorsi Daniel J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objective:
We aimed to decrease the use of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) for patients admitted for bone and joint infections (BJIs) by applying a consensus protocol to suggest oral antibiotics for BJI.

Design:
A quasi-experimental before-and-after study.

Setting:
Inpatient setting at a single medical center.

Patients:
All inpatients admitted with a BJI.

Methods:
We developed a consensus table of oral antibiotics for BJI among infectious diseases (ID) specialists. Using the consensus table, we implemented a protocol consisting of a weekly reminder e-mail and case-based discussion with the consulting ID physician. Outcomes of patients during the implementation period (November 1, 2020, to May 31, 2021) were compared with those during the preimplementation period (January 1, 2019, to October 31, 2020). Our primary outcome was the proportion of patients treated with OPAT. Secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay (LOS) and recurrence or death within 6 months.

Results:
In total, 77 patients during the preimplementation period and 22 patients during the implementation period were identified to have a BJI. During the preimplementation period, 70.1% of patients received OPAT, whereas only 31.8% of patients had OPAT during the implementation period (P = .003). The median LOS after final ID recommendation was significantly shorter during the implementation period (median 3 days versus 1 day; P < .001). We detected no significant difference in the 6-month rate of recurrence (24.7% vs 31.8%; P = .46) or mortality (9.1% vs 9.1%; P = 1.00).

Conclusions:
More patients admitted with BJIs were treated with oral antibiotics during the implementation phase of our quality improvement initiative.
The value of network data confirmed by the Covid-19 epidemic and its expanded usages
Authors: Chambreuil Pascal , Jeon Ju Y. , Barba Thierry 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Data driven analysis is proven to create a competitive advantage to business. Governments and nonprofit organizations also turn to Big Data to harness its benefits and use it for social good. Among different types of data sources, location data collected from mobile networks is especially valuable for its representativeness, real-time observation, and versatility. There is a distinction between mobile positioning data (MPD) generated by the exchanges between mobile devices and the core network; versus over-the-top or system-level location data collecting individual GPS location. MPD is composed of all mobile network events regardless of the mobile phone brand, operating system, app usage, frequency bands or mobile generation; it is uniform and ubiquitous. Getting the best out of MPD relies on the knowledge of how to create an advanced algorithm for homogeneously processing this massive, complex data into insightful indicators. Anonymized and aggregated MPD enables the testing of multiple combinations with other data sources, fully abiding by GDPR, to arrive at innovative solutions. These unique insights can help tackle societal challenges (the state of mobile data for social good June 2017 GSMA, UN Global pulse). It can help to establish accurate statistics about population movements, density, location, social patterns, finances, and ambient environmental conditions. This article demonstrates how MPD has been used to help combat Covid-19 in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Furthermore, depending on the future direction, MPD and data analysis can serve powering economic development as well as working toward the Sustainable Development Goals, whilst respecting data privacy.
Climate Change and the German Law of Torts
Authors: Semmelmayer Philipp 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEven throughout a global pandemic, climate change continues to be a fiercely discussed topic—both politically and legally—the world over. Particularly in light of the many Covid-19 related financial aid programs (including transnational ones) and the associated economic stabilization and reconstruction plans, a sustainable climate policy and legal order should be expected to play a role for an economy that has fallen into a slump. Nevertheless, a lively discussion on how best to achieve climate protection continues to take place in already established systems such as the private law system. Here, as far as climate change is concerned, tort law appears to be the focus of these discussions. The extent to which tort law and the issue of climate change can be brought together is also increasingly being discussed in Germany. This article attempts to shed light on the questions of how tort law could contribute to the mitigation of climate change and how climate change could fit into the law of torts of the German civil law legal system.