bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical output within the Fast Track Initiative against trachoma in Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Hailemariam Begashaw , Sata Eshetu , Halefom Mengesha , Deathe Andrew R , Zerihun Mulat , Jensen Kimberly A , Callahan E Kelly , Beyene Melkamu , Adriaensen Wim , Owiti Philip , Senkoro Mbazi , Zolfo Maria , Nash Scott D 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Trachomatous trichiasis (TT) is the advanced stage of trachoma where lashes touch the globe of the eye causing permanent damage. Without eyelid surgery, TT can lead to irreversible blindness. In 2015 the Ethiopian Ministry of Health launched the Fast Track Initiative with the aim of enhancing the provision of surgical services for TT. The aims of this study were to determine the productivity of individual surgeons during the 2017 Initiative, to compare this productivity with the Ministry’s annual target indicator of ≥ 200 surgeries, and to assess the factors associated with surgical output.
Methodology: This retrospective cross-sectional study utilized programmatic data on surgical output from 140 surgeons active from January 2017 through December 2017 in the eastern half of Amhara region, Ethiopia. Data were collected from a surgery monitoring dataset, analyzed, and compared to the performance targets set by the Ministry.
Results: The mean annual number of surgeries carried out per surgeon was 169 (standard deviation: 111) for a total of 23,616 surgeries. Among the 140 surgeons, 38% achieved the target set by the Ministry. Location of surgical training site and estimated surgical backlog were signficantly associated with a higher surgery output.
Conclusions: An increase in surgical output was observed compared to productivity prior to the Initiative, although the average annual output during the 2017 Fast Track Initiative was lower than the Ministry’s target. Using data driven approaches to setting annual productivity goals should be considered, particularly in light of fewer remaining TT cases as a result of the successful Initiative.
Conﬁrmatory transperineal saturation prostate biopsy combined with mpMRI decrease the reclassiﬁcation rate in men enrolled in Active Surveillance: Our experience in 100 men submitted to eight-years scheduled biopsy
Authors: Pepe Pietro , Pepe Ludovica , Pennisi Michele , Fraggetta Filippo 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The reclassiﬁcation rate for clinically signiﬁcant prostate cancer (csPCa) in men enrolled in Active Surveillance (AS) as been prospective-ly evaluated. Patients and methods: One hundred patients with very low risk PCa underwent after 8 years a scheduled transperineal prostate biopsy (SPBx = 20 cores) combined with additionalmpMRI/TRUS fusion biopsies (4 cores) of lesions PI-RADS scores ≥ 3. All the patients, after initial diagnosis, previously had mpMRI evaluation combined with transperineal saturation prostate biopsy (conﬁrmatory and 3-year scheduled biopsy). Risk reclassiﬁcation at repeat biopsy triggering the recommen-dation for active treatment was deﬁned as over 3 or more than 10% of positive cores, Gleason score > 6/ISUP Grade Group ≥ 2, greatest percentage of cancer (GPC) > 50%.Results: Multiparametric MRI was suspicious (PI-RADS ≥ 3) in 30 of 100 cases (30.0%); 70 (70.0%) vs. 20 (20.0%) vs. 10(10.0%) patients had a PI-RADS score ≤ 2 vs. 3 vs. 4, respec-tively. Two (2.0%) patients with PI-RADS score 3 and 4 were upgraded (ISUP Grade Group 2); SPBx and MRI/TRUS fusion biopsy diagnosed 100% and 0% of csPCa, respectively.
Conclusions: Transperineal SPBx combined with mpMRI at ini-tial conﬁrmatory biopsy allow to select an high number of men at very low risk of reclassiﬁcation during the AS follow up (2.0%of the cases at 8 years from diagnosis); these data could be use-ful to reduce the number of scheduled repeated prostate biopsy during the AS follow up.
Natural treatments for erectile dysfunction: A focus on mobile health applications
Authors: Napolitano Luigi , Cirillo Luigi , Fusco Giovanni Maria , Abate Marco , Morgera Vincenzo , Cacace Gianluigi , Celentano Giuseppe , Barone Biagio , Spirito Lorenzo , Mirone Vincenzo , La Rocca Roberto 
Published: September 2022

To the Editor,
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the persistent inability to achieve or maintain penile erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. ED represents one of the most important male sexual dysfunctions with a prevalence of 52% and affecting more than 150 million men worldwide (estimated to be 322 million worldwide for 2025) [...]
Efficacy of Intravenous Clonidine Premedication in the Prevention of Adverse Hemodynamic Changes During Intubation in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgery in Comparison with Placebo
Authors: Rao Sudhir S. , Vikas K. N. , Rooparani K. , Vinay R. 
Published: September 2022

Context:
Laparoscopic surgeries involve the creation of pneumoperitoneum, which produces significant hemodynamic changes. Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonists like clonidine are used as adjuvants during aesthesia for analgesic, sedative, sympatholytic and cardiovascular stabilizing effects.

Aims:
This study aims to assess the efficacy of intravenous (i.v.) clonidine premedication in the prevention of adverse hemodynamic changes during intubation in a patient undergoing laparoscopic surgery in comparison with (normal saline) placebo.

Settings and Design:
Eighty patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery were randomly assigned into two groups to receive either clonidine 3 μg.kg-1 diluted in normal saline or an equivalent quantity of normal saline administered intravenously 20 min before surgery.

Materials and Methods:
The primary outcome was to compare the efficacy of clonidine premedication in the prevention of adverse hemodynamic changes during intubation in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Other outcome parameters observed were requirements of induction agents and intraoperative analgesia and postoperative adverse effects.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Analysis of variance has been used to find the significance of study parameters between three or more groups of patients; Chi-square/Fisher exact test has been used to find the significance of study parameters on a categorical scale between two or more groups.

Results:
Heart rate reduced significantly after 10 min 3 μg.kg−1 clonidine administration and the decrease persisted throughout induction and intubation. The fluctuations of systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures were high in the control group when compared with the clonidine group, throughout induction and intubation.

Conclusions:
Premedication with i.v. clonidine is a relatively safe and effective method that provides stable hemodynamics and protection against stress responses induced during laryngoscopy and intubation in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.
MRI Evaluation of Salivary Gland Involvement by Buccal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Panchbhai Aarati 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
The salivary gland involvement by oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and diagnostic delays may influence the recurrence and survival of OSCC cases.

Aims and Objective:
To estimate salivary gland involvement in buccal OSCC cases.

Materials and Methods:
For 91 histopathologically proven cases of buccal OSCC, the primary tumor and salivary gland were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences as T1-T2-weighted, diffusion-weighted, short tau inversion recovery, and contrast-enhanced images.

Results:
Out of 91 buccal OSCC patients, 10 (10.98%) cases showed salivary gland involvement, primarily the ipsilateral submandibular gland involvement with heterogeneous enhancement and few areas of necrosis.

Conclusion:
The considerable proportion of buccal OSCC cases with salivary gland involvement as evaluated in MRI was demonstrated in the present study. The study findings underscore the need for careful pre-treatment evaluations toward salivary gland involvement, especially in occult cases.
Effect of Covid and its Treatment Protocols on Chronic Generalized Periodontitis- A Prospective Study
Authors: Reddy S. Hari Krishna , Madu Chandrasekhar Reddy , Bathula Hanusha , Vedula Chiranjeevi , Kunthsam Venugopal , Gupta K. V S. P. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
COVID-19 causes an inflammatory response that intensifies and can cause death. Periodontitis is also characterized by an inflammatory response elicited by microbial plaque, which intensifies and inflicts damage to the tissues. To address the effect of immunoinflammatory mechanisms, steroids were used extensively as a lifesaving drug and stayed as the mainstream drug in treating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. The present study aimed to investigate the possible impact of COVID-19 treatment protocols in chronic periodontitis patients.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 103 COVID-19-positive patients with a hospitalization period of at least 5 days with dental records were enrolled in the study. Based on Periodontal Index (PI) values, the subjects were categorized as having mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis. These patients, after undergoing treatment for COVID-19 were recalled after 6 months for periodontal status evaluation. Statistical analysis was made to test for any significant variation in the periodontal status before and after COVID-19 treatments.

Results:
The mean comparison of Periodontal Index (PI) values before and after COVID were 4.02 and 4.40, with a statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). PI values of the patients on Dexamethasone pre and post COVID –b 19 were compared and found to be 3.86 and 4.83, respectively.

Conclusion:
The present study indicates that COVID-19 and its different treatment protocols were strongly associated with elevated periodontal disease worsening in COVID-19 survivors at 6-month follow-up.
Assessment of Onset and Progression of Chemoradiotherapy Induced Oral Complications in Head and Neck Cancer Patients - A Prospective Study
Authors: Keziah Sharon V , Dharman Sreedevi , Maragathavalli Gopal 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing chemoradiotherapy (CRT) are susceptible to acute oral complications that have deleterious effects on oral health, reducing the patients' quality of life.

Aim:
To assess the onset and progression of oral complications in head and neck cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy.

Materials and Method:
This was a prospective study conducted among 40 patients with HNC undergoing CRT. Oral complications onset and grades of severity at different time points on a weekly basis for six weeks were assessed. Weekly pairwise comparisons of oral complications was done using the Friedman one-way repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA). The Chi-squared test was done in oral candidiasis to determine the significance between groups (P < 0.05).

Results:
Among 40 HNC patients who completed CRT and showed oral complications, 27 (67.5%) were males and 13 (32.5%) females, with peak age of 51–60 years (40%). All the oral complications had onset first noticed in the second week of CRT except dysphagia that occurred in the first week. A statistically significant difference in oral complications grading during week 1 to week 6 with P < 0.001 was present. All the patients had oral mucositis (OM), xerostomia, and dysgeusia observed in the fourth week, and dysphagia in fifth week. Severity in grading was noticed in the sixth week for all the complications. Candida albicans were more predominantly found in the later weeks as the dose of CRT increased (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
In our study, a majority of oral complications had onset by second week of CRT and disease severity progressed in the sixth week of CRT. Awareness of the nature of oral complications by clinicians will aid in developing novel strategies and management in the near future that may help to improve the quality of life of the patient with HNC undergoing CRT.
Anti-Crisis Management of The Simulation Center
Authors: Kemelova G. , Aimbetova D. , Riklefs V. 
Published: September 2022

The authors consider an anti-crisis program in the management of a simulation center with internal limited capabilities and the influence of external factors on the reduction in funding to support the material and technical base. For sustainable development and stability in a competitive environment, the Simulation Center of Karaganda Medical University (Kazakhstan) recommends revising strategic guidelines as a way to overcome the crisis in the management of the center through updating methodologies for teaching and learning clinical skills, taking into account qualification requirements and functioning equipment.
Development of Microcontroller Based Gas Leakage Detector with Dual SMS Alert
Authors: Ochagwuba Raphael E. , Oluwole Ayodele S. , Akinsanya Olusola A. 
Published: September 2022

The prevailing treat to lives and property by the usage of gas for cooking, etc, and the rapidly increasing evolution in new technologies worldwide, a novel approach utilizing dual communication network providers is applied to alert users in the event of leakage of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). In this work, a prototype gas leakage detector, based on dedicated Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC), sensitive MQ-6 gas sensor, GSM/GPRS SIM900 and discrete components is developed and tested. Glo and MTN network service providers were selected for the design. Both indoor and laboratory tests were conducted where the results indicate gas concentration levels of 372 ppm to 255 ppm were measured to display a message on Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and trigger audio alarm at instances of 2.42 secs and 8.35 secs in locations of 5 cm and 30 cm away from gas source respectively. Finally, the viability test proved satisfactory as it indicates that whenever a particular network fails, the second network was available to receive the SMS message adequately. This could be applied in homes, restaurants, etc where cooking gas is often used. Future enhancements should include the deployment of all available communication network service providers to augment for the limitation of the only two networks in this work.
Analysis of Marketing Strategies to Increase Shrimp Sales at PT. Indomina Langgeng Sejahtera
Authors: Rianatullah Dede 
Published: September 2022

The research aims to determine the appropriate marketing strategy for companies to increase market share and to continue to exist amid ever-increasing business competition. This research deals with marketing strategies, which include strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats and market share owned and marketing strategies developed using SWOT analysis tools (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats).Business development is now increasing from year to year, will automatically be coupled with increasing competition from business people, such as PT. Indomina Langgeng Sejahtera which was established in 2015 with a marketing strategy offering a variety of processed shrimp products. Based on the research conducted, it turns out that PT. Indomina Langgeng Sejahtera has advantages, based on IFAS and EFAS analysis, the results of the analysis show that the strength and weakness factor (IFAS) shows 2.65, and the opportunity and threat factor (EFAS) is 2.80. Strength and opportunity factor (SO) of 3.80, strength and threat (ST) of 2.70, weakness and opportunity factor (WO) of 2.75, and for weakness and threat factor (WT) of 1.65. From the results of this analysis, it can be seen that PT. Indomina Langgeng Sejahtera has a great power to take advantage of opportunities and minimize threats. PT. Indomina Langgeng Sejahtera can also minimize weaknesses to take advantage of opportunities, moreover in minimizing weaknesses to avoid threats. Therefore PT. Indomina Langgeng Sejahtera can utilize its strengths and opportunities optimally.
Influencia del estatus ganglionar del ganglio centinela del melanoma en el pronóstico de la enfermedad
Authors:   , Loidi Pascual Leire 
Published: September 2022

Esta tesis es un compendio de dos trabajos publicados previamente cuyo objetivo principal es dar respuestas a las siguientes cuestiones: •	Importancia de la carga tumoral del GC. Escalas de medición •	Implicación de la positividad del GC positivo •	Seguimiento de pacientes tras el tratamiento del melanoma primario y realización de la BSGC
Male and Female Violence in Popular Media
Authors: Giomi Elisa , Magaraggia Sveva 
Published: September 2022

Elisa Giomi and Sveva Magaraggia propose that men engage in violent conduct at a higher rate than women because they are socially and culturally ‘programmed’ to do so. Popular culture representations play a crucial role in this process: TV series, films, pop music and videos, advertising commercials and tabloids all tend to ‘normalise’ violence against women as an allegedly natural inclination of males. Violent women, on the other hand, are believed to transgress both criminal and ‘natural’ laws, according to which they are supposed to give life, not death.
By examining popular culture’s depiction of men and women in their opposite, yet complementary, roles of perpetrators and victims, the authors show unexplored interconnections, namely that gender ‘does’ violence and violence ‘does’ gender. Empirical evidence is presented, drawing on the following case studies:
male violence in contemporary Italian pop musicfemale violence in crime TV series including The Killing (Denmark, 2007-2012),The Fall (UK, 2013-2016) and True Detective (USA, 2015)the use and abuse of gendered violence in Italian and international advertising images such as billboards and postersmale and female intimate partner violence in factual entertainment (Who the (bleep) Did I Marry? (Investigation Discovery, 2010-2015)).
White Devils, Black Gods
Authors: Driscoll Christopher M. 
Published: September 2022

Interweaving academic theory, (auto)ethnography, and memoir-styled narrative, Christopher M. Driscoll explores what the “white devil” trope means for understanding and responding to tensions emerging from toxic white masculinity.
The book provides a historical and philosophical account of the “white devil” as it appears in stories and myths in various Black religions, particularly as these traditions are expressed through the contemporary cultural expression of hip-hop. Driscoll argues that through the trope of the white devil arises a self-hatred in white men that is concealed (and revealed) through various defence mechanisms – principally, anger – and provides rich ground to discuss the relationship between perceptions of self (i.e. who we are), emotional regulation, and our behaviour towards others (i.e. how we act).
Depicting paths forward for genuine reparations and systemic justice, this is an essential read for people who want to build communities to counter white racism and nurture expansive, generative interdependence.
Finding the Beat
Authors: Hesselink Nathan 
Published: September 2022

Finding the Beat explores humankind’s ability, propensity, and enjoyment in finding the beat in live and recorded experiences of music-making through the lens of entrainment, the human capacity to perceive a beat and to synchronize to it. Anyone who has attended a concert, gone to a club, or watched a sporting event has witnessed and/or participated in tapping, clapping, or dancing along with a piece, song, or chant. It doesn’t matter who or where you are in the world—as humans we spend a lot of time taking pleasure in matching our bodily movements with a perceived beat.
Drawing upon diverse examples from the North American and British rock repertoire, Nathan Hesselink demonstrates that listeners are gripped in deep and compelling ways when musicians play with or against the expectations set up by entrainment. Via musicology, music theory, ethnomusicology, and cognitive neuroscience, he illustrates the creative, aesthetic, and participatory pleasure and wonder afforded by our collective ability to find the beat.
Is Swiss-ball-based exercise superior to plinth-based exercise in improving trunk motor control and balance in subjects with sub-acute stroke? A pilot randomized control trial
Authors: Khurana Yagna , Devi Manju , Kaur Anujot , Subramanian Thiagarajan , Mani Suresh 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionStroke is the most common cause of neurological dysfunction, associated with high mortality and morbidity. Early stroke rehabilitation is essential for optional functional recovery, particularly motor control of the trunk muscles and balance. The study investigated the effects of Swiss-ball-based and plinth-based trunk exercises for improving trunk control and functional balance in subjects with sub-acute stroke.MethodsOverall, 20 sub-acute stroke patients aged 40–60 years were recruited and divided into the experimental group (Swiss ball exercise) and the control group (plinth exercise). Upper and lower trunk exercises were performed by the patients sitting on a Swiss ball or a plinth. The 45-minute sessions were applied for 5 days a week for a total of 4 weeks. Trunk Impairment Scale, Modified Functional Reach Test, and Functional Balance Scale evaluations were performed at baseline and at the end of the 4 weeks.ResultsThe differences between the baseline characteristics of participants in both groups were not significant. After the intervention, there were significant (<i>p</i> > 0.01) changes in the Trunk Impairment Scale total, static, dynamic, and coordination scores, mental status, Modified Functional Reach Test results, and functional balance scores, with high effect sizes in the Swiss ball exercise group.ConclusionsIn patients with sub-acute stroke, trunk exercises performed on a Swiss ball were found to be more effective than those performed on a plinth to improve trunk control, forward and lateral reach, and functional balance.
Effect of functional task training versus resistance training in improving activities of daily living performance in Indian community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Mohammed Rafi , Dangat Pallavi , Bhatnagar Gaurav 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThere is little certainty about the effect of different exercise programs on the performance of activities of daily living (ADL). The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of functional task training (FTT) and resistance training (RT) on improving ADL performance in Indian community-dwelling older adults.MethodsThe single-blinded comparative experimental study involved 100 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above. The subjects were randomly assigned to either the FTT group or the RT group. The FTT group (<i>n</i> = 50) performed functional task exercises associated with functional performance and the RT group (<i>n</i> = 50) performed resistance exercises focusing mainly on muscle performance. Exercises were practised in 1-hour sessions, 3 times a week, for 12 weeks. ADL performance of the participants was assessed at baseline and 12 weeks by using the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale.ResultsIn both groups, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed a significant difference between median pre-intervention ranks and median post-intervention ranks, indicating a significant improvement in ADL performance in both groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, the Mann-Whitney U test demonstrated that the improvement in ADL performance in the FTT group was significantly greater than that in the RT group (<i>p</i> < 0.05).ConclusionsAlthough both groups significantly enhanced their ADL performance, the improvement achieved by the FTT group was significantly greater than that in the RT group.