bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological and surgical comparisons of differentiated thyroid cancer between China and the USA: A multicentered hospital-based study
Authors: Zhu Juan , Sun Kexin , Wang Jian , He Yutong , Li Daojuan , Liu Shuzheng , Huang Yunchao , Zhang Min , Song Bingbing , Liao Xianzhen , Liang He , Zhang Qian , Shi Mumu , Guo Lanwei , Zhou Yongchun , Lin Yanping , Lu Yanni , Tuo Jiyu , Xia Yafen , Sun Huixin , Xiao Haifan , Ji Yong , Yan Ci , Qiao Jinwan , Zeng Hongmei , Zheng Rongshou , Zhang Siwei , Liu Shaoyan , Chang Sheng , Wei Wenqiang 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThyroid cancer (TC), was the fastest-rising tumor of all malignancies in the world and China, predominantly differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). However, evidence on TC stage distribution and influencing factors of late-stage were limited in China.MethodsWe carried out a retrospective study and enrolled TC patients who were first diagnosed and hospitalized in 8 hospitals in China in 2017. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between influencing factors and DTC stage. We extracted eligible primary DTC records newly diagnosed in 2017 from the USA's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We compared clinicopathological features and surgical treatment between our DTC records and those from the SEER database.ResultsA total of 1970 eligible patients were included, with 1861 DTC patients with known stage. Among patients ≥45 years old, males (OR = 1.76, 95%CI 1.17–2.65) and those with new rural cooperative medical scheme insurance (NCMS) (OR = 1.99, 95%CI 1.38–2.88) had higher risks of late-stage DTC (stage III-IV). Compared with SEER database, over-diagnosis is more common in China [more DTC patients with onset age&lt; 45 years old (50.3 vs. 40.7%, P &lt; 0.001), with early-stage (81.2 vs. 76.0%, P &lt; 0.001), and with tumors&lt;2cm (74.9 vs. 63.7%, P &lt; 0.001)]. Compared with the USA, TC treatment is more conservative in China. The proportion of lobectomy in our database was significantly higher than that in the SEER database (41.3 vs. 17.0%, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsUnique risk factors are found to be associated with late-stage DTC in China. The differences in the aspect of clinicopathological features and surgical approaches between China and the USA indicate that potential over-diagnosis and over-surgery exist, and disparities on surgery extent may need further consideration. The findings provided references for other countries with similar patterns.
Clinical characteristics and pathogen spectra of parasitic infections in a tertiary hospital of Shanghai: A 13-year retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Jinming , Xu Jing , Tang Weiliang , Mo Ruidong , Shang Dabao , Lu Jie , Li Ziqiang , Wang Xiaolin , Shi Dongmei , Xie Qing , Xiang Xiaogang 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThis study performed a follow-up investigation of parasitic infections and the evolution of the infection spectra in Shanghai and its surrounding areas in Eastern China. The current study was conducted in the Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, a tertiary hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.MethodsThis retrospective investigation reviewed a total of 412 parasitic infections in patients admitted to the Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital from January 1, 2010 to July 31, 2022. Detailed information for these patients was retrieved from the Electronic Medical Record System. Analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 5.0 and SPSS Statistics 26.ResultsOverall, 17 species of parasites were detected from the 412 admissions. Over the 13 years, the number of patients peaked in 2021 and food-born parasites (FBPs) were the primary species. During the most recent 5 years, Clonorchis sinensis, replacing Paragonimus westermani, has become the primary parasite detected among the patients, consistent with the observation that eating uncooked fish has turned into the most common route of transmission. Paragonimus westermani infections declined with age, but Cysticercus increased with age. The periods from the onset of symptoms to definite diagnosis for some patients infected with Sparganum mansoni, Paragonimus westermani, and Cysticercus were more than 6 months. Interestingly, eosinophilia was only detected in 51.83% of parasite-infected patients. In addition, superinfections of parasites were common in our study.ConclusionOur study demonstrates the transitional change in the prevalence of parasitic infection over the latest 13 years in a single center in Eastern China. The incidence of parasitic infections peaked in 2021, and the dominant parasitic species switched from a soil origin to foodborne. The direction for the diagnosis and prevention of parasitic infection among different age groups should alter according to age. It is difficult to diagnose parasitic infections and superinfections that occur in some patients. Thus, more sensitive and efficient detection methods should be developed. In addition, although eosinophilia and elevated IgE are still reliable indicators for initiating screening of parasitic infection, the development of novel parasitic diagnostic kits is still in urgent need for occult infection.
Palladium-coated kapton for use on dust detectors in low earth orbit: Performance under hypervelocity impact and atomic oxygen exposure
Authors: Dignam Aishling , Wozniakiewicz Penelope J. , Burchell Mark J. , Alesbrook Luke S. , Tighe Adrian , Suliga Agnieszka , Wessing Johanna , Kearsley Anton , Bridges John , Holt John , Howie Stuart , Peatman Libby , Fitzpatrick Dennis 
Published: September 2022

Observation of dust and debris in the near Earth environment is a field of great commercial and scientific interest, vital to maximising the operational and commercial life-cycle of satellites and reducing risk to increasing numbers of astronauts in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). To this end, monitoring and assessment of the flux of particles is of paramount importance to the space industry and wider socio-economic interests that depend upon data products/services from orbital infrastructure. We have designed a passive space dust detector to investigate the dust environment in LEO—the Orbital Dust Impact Experiment (ODIE). ODIE is designed for deployment in LEO for ∼1 year, whereupon it would be returned to Earth for analysis of impact features generated by dust particles. The design emphasises the ability to distinguish between the orbital debris (OD) relating to human space activity and the naturally occurring micrometeoroid (MM) population at millimetre to submillimetre scales. ODIE is comprised of multiple Kapton foils, which have shown great potential to effectively preserve details of the impacting particles’ size and chemistry, with residue chemistry being used to interpret an origin (OD vs. MM). LEO is a harsh environment—the highly erosive effects of atomic oxygen damage Kapton foil—requiring the use of a protective coating. Common coatings available for Kapton (e.g., Al, SiO2, etc.) are problematic for subsequent analysis and interpretation of OD vs. MM origin, being a common elemental component of MM or OD, or having X-ray emission peaks overlapping with those of elements used to distinguish MM from OD. We thus propose palladium coatings as an alternative for this application. Here we report on the performance of palladium as a protective coating for a Kapton-based passive dust detector when exposed to atomic oxygen and impact. When subjected to impact, we observe that thicker coatings suffer delamination such that a coating of &lt;50 nm is recommended. Analysis of atomic oxygen exposed samples shows a thin 10 nm coating of palladium significantly reduces the mass loss of Kapton, while coatings of 25 nm and over perform as well as or better than other commonly used coatings.
Cost-Effectiveness of Robotic vs. Laparoscopic Surgery for Different Surgical Procedures: Protocol for a Prospective, Multicentric Study (ROBOCOSTES)
Authors: Ielpo Benedetto , Podda Mauro , Burdio Fernando , Sanchez-Velazquez Patricia , Guerrero Maria-Alejandra , Nuñez Javier , Toledano Miguel , Morales-Conde Salvador , Mayol Julio , Lopez-Cano Manuel , Espín-Basany Eloy , Pellino Gianluca ,   The ROBOCOSTES Study Collaborators
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe studies which address the impact of costs of robotic vs. laparoscopic approach on quality of life (cost-effectiveness studies) are scares in general surgery.MethodsThe Spanish national study on cost-effectiveness differences among robotic and laparoscopic surgery (ROBOCOSTES) is designed as a prospective, multicentre, national, observational study. The aim is to determine in which procedures robotic surgery is more cost-effective than laparoscopic surgery. Several surgical operations and patient populations will be evaluated (distal pancreatectomy, gastrectomy, sleeve gastrectomy, inguinal hernioplasty, rectal resection for cancer, Heller cardiomiotomy and Nissen procedure).DiscussionThe results of this study will demonstrate which treatment (laparoscopic or robotic) and in which population is more cost-effective. This study will also assess the impact of previous surgical experience on main outcomes.
Actionable Predictive Factors of Homelessness in a Psychiatric Population: Results from the REHABase Cohort Using a Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Lio Guillaume , Ghazzai Malek , Haesebaert Frédéric , Dubreucq Julien , Verdoux Hélène , Quiles Clélia , Jaafari Nemat , Chéreau-Boudet Isabelle , Legros-Lafarge Emilie , Guillard-Bouhet Nathalie , Massoubre Catherine , Gouache Benjamin , Plasse Julien , Barbalat Guillaume , Franck Nicolas , Demily Caroline 
Published: September 2022

Background: There is a lack of knowledge regarding the actionable key predictive factors of homelessness in psychiatric populations. Therefore, we used a machine learning model to explore the REHABase database (for rehabilitation database—n = 3416), which is a cohort of users referred to French psychosocial rehabilitation centers in France. Methods: First, we analyzed whether the different risk factors previously associated with homelessness in mental health were also significant risk factors in the REHABase. In the second step, we used unbiased classification and regression trees to determine the key predictors of homelessness. Post hoc analyses were performed to examine the importance of the predictors and to explore the impact of cognitive factors among the participants. Results: First, risk factors that were previously found to be associated with homelessness were also significant risk factors in the REHABase. Among all the variables studied with a machine learning approach, the most robust variable in terms of predictive value was the nature of the psychotropic medication (sex/sex relative mean predictor importance: 22.8, σ = 3.4). Post hoc analyses revealed that first-generation antipsychotics (15.61%; p < 0.05 FDR corrected), loxapine (16.57%; p < 0.05 FWER corrected) and hypnotics (17.56%; p < 0.05 FWER corrected) were significantly associated with homelessness. Antidepressant medication was associated with a protective effect against housing deprivation (9.21%; p < 0.05 FWER corrected). Conclusions: Psychotropic medication was found to be an important predictor of homelessness in our REHABase cohort, particularly loxapine and hypnotics. On the other hand, the putative protective effect of antidepressants confirms the need for systematic screening of depression and anxiety in the homeless population.
Combined Silymarin and Cotrimoxazole Therapy Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis in Experimental Paracoccidioidomycosis
Authors: Resende Victor Quinholes , Reis-Goes Karoline Hagata , Finato Angela Carolina , de Fátima Almeida-Donanzam Débora , dos Santos Amanda Ribeiro , Perico Jonatas , Amorim Barbara Casella , Venturini James 
Published: September 2022

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), which mainly affects rural workers, is a systemic mycosis caused by the Paracoccidioides genus that induces pulmonary sequelae in most adult patients, causing serious disability and impairing their quality of life. Silymarin is herbal medicine with an effective antifibrotic activity. Considering that in PCM, antifibrotic treatment is still not available in pulmonary fibrosis, we aimed to evaluate combined silymarin and cotrimoxazole (CMX) therapy via the intratracheal route in BALB/c mice infected with P. brasiliensis yeast. After 12 weeks of treatment, the lungs were collected for the determination of fungal burden, production of OH-proline, deposition of collagen fibers, pulmonary concentrations of cytokines, and expression of fibronectin, α-SMA, MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-2. Spleen cell cultures were also performed. Our results showed that infected mice treated with combined silymarin/CMX showed lower deposition of collagen fibers in the lungs and lower pulmonary concentrations of hydroxyproline than the placebo groups. Decreased levels of TGF-β1 and fibronectin and high levels of MMP-2 and IFN-γ were also observed in this group of mice. Collectively, our findings indicate that the combination of antifungal treatment with silymarin has a potent antifibrotic effect associated with an immunomodulatory effect that potentializes the antifungal immune response.
Matrimony and parenthood in the life of Queen Victoria
Authors: Warowny Wojciech 
Published: September 2022

Starting a family and caring for your offspring is a task of a paramount importance in the life of every person. This belief is unchangeable since the ages past and was popular also in 19th century, when love was not the most important virtue in marriage and childrens’ mortality rate was maintaining a very substantial number. The person who knew it the best was „the Grandmother of Europe” – Queen Victoria who, together with her husband, prince Albert, fostered nine children, and her descendants to this day reign over some of the thrones of Europe.
In this article the mindset of Queen Victoria, in regards to parenthood, will be shown on the basis of journals and her correspondences. Motherhood was a „darker side” of marriage. In that century It was a duty of every woman to fulfill it. High number of pregnancies and problems with properly fostering a family, left a physical and mental mark on Victoria, which is why her view on upbringing may surprise and shock.
Relationship of Victoria and Albert was not as harmonious as people thought, because of couple’s differences in character. Rashness and short temper of Victoria fought Albert’s calmness and mindfulness – that was the picture of their married life for over 20 years. Numerous rows and arguments were a constant element of their life. On the one hand feeling of being intellectually inferior, on the other, low social status, those were the main reasons for disagreements between spouses. During their marriage Albert tried to change Victoria’s character. To some extend he succeeded, but the price was his health. The picture of the royal family perceived by their people was different to reality, but warmth and joy of family life, without disagreements and maintaining all moral codes, were supposed to be a trademark of family in Victorian era.
Satisfaction of life in postmenopausal women
Authors: Pałucka Klaudia , Bałanda-Bałdyga Agnieszka , Kęsik Jan Jakub , Pilewska-Kozak Anna B. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Experiencing life satisfaction is an undisputed human desire. The postmenopausal period usually entails certain ailments that may contribute to the weakening of the woman's psychophysical condition and thus satisfaction with life.Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to examine the life satisfaction of postmenopausal women.
Material and methods: The research was carried out in six randomly selected gynaecological clinics and in primary care clinics in the city of Lublin. They included 510 women. A diagnostic survey was used as a test method. The research tool was a questionnaire specially prepared for this work, consisting of sociodemographic data and a standardized questionnaire Satisfaction with Life Scale.
Conclusions: Postmenopausal women are characterized by average life satisfaction. There is a relationship between life satisfaction and the level of education, subjective assessment of the material and housing situation, subjective assessment of health and sexual activity.
Keywords: menopause, postmenopause, life satisfaction
Motives for selected crimes against life and health
Authors: Woźniak Waldemar 
Published: September 2022

Criminal behavior undermines both social and individual security. Exploring the motivational process in criminal acts focuses on searching for the sources of these acts and determining the factors that sustain criminal activity. Crime is not a homogeneous phenomenon, which makes the motives for crime diverse and complex.
Criminological theories explore the causal factors of crime such as biological (including genetic), sociological (social), and psychological. A criminal act can be caused by an unformed drive, frustration, and be learned, including through following others. In the process of determining the motives for criminal behavior, it is not enough to point to direct motives because motivation should be approached as a process, which indicates the possibility of the development of motives over a certain time, and even many years. Thus, it is necessary to take into account socialization, personality traits (the level of aggressiveness, directiveness, and dominance), psychological needs (especially those unmet), and values, which, in a sense of responsibility, often can be considered anti-values.
The major crimes against health and life are homicide, fights, and battery. In addition to ordinary murder, the Polish Penal Code lists aggravated murder (e.g., with extraordinary cruelty or as a result of motives deserving special condemnation) and privileged murder (committed under the influence of strong agitation justified by the circumstances), which can also be referred to as murder of passion. Fights and battery can be committed with or without the use of a dangerous object.
A review of the literature indicates the following motives for homicide: robbery (economic), sexual, emotional, delusional, revenge, threat, insult, sense of harm, and jealousy. Perpetrators of fights and battery may be characterized by component factors of antisocial personality disorder as specified by DSM-5, such as non-compliance with legal and social norms, impulsivity, irritability, aggression, irresponsibility, and lack of guilt.
In the case of crimes against life and health, it seems reasonable to identify several motives for the act. Motives are assessed primarily by a clinical interview. However, it should be taken into account that the perpetrators of these acts, for a variety of reasons, may obstruct justice.
Corporate Governance dan Kesulitan Keuangan: Perspektif di Indonesia.
Authors: Sumayyah Sumayyah , Sulistiyantoro David 
Published: September 2022

The aims of this study is to get empirical evidence regarding corporate governance on the financial distress of firms listed in Â Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The sample used was 1527 public firms listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 until 2020. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis using eviews statistic. The results show that three proxies of corporate governance have a positive effect and the other three have a negative effect on the financial distress. Three proxies that have a positive effect on financial distress is family ownership, institutional ownership and board independence. Three proxies that have a negative effect on financial distress is foreign ownership, public ownership and board size. This srtudy is expected to describe the mechanism of corporate governance, especially companies experiencing financial distress in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic and economic instability in Indonesia so as to increase shareholder value. Â Â
Twenty-Five Years of Language Policies and Initiatives in Ireland: 1995-2020
Authors: Gallagher Anne 
Published: September 2022

Ireland is a multilingual country, home to at least 212 languages, as well as English, the Irish language - the oldest language in Europe still spoken as a vernacular - and our native Irish Sign Language, whose users’ rights have only recently been signed into law. This paper will consider the main issues in language education in Ireland today from primary to third level, together with the economic, geopolitical and cultural forces which influence the ways in which we engage in communication both at home and abroad. Following a brief examination of the history which has led us to this point, it will review a number of European policies which continue to shape the manner in which both Irish and Modern Foreign Languages are learned and taught in present-day Ireland. Finally, it will assess recent policies/strategies and initiatives published by Government, the strengths and weaknesses of language education here today, and propose some measures which could boost our national languages capacity in a world which, despite some impressions to the contrary, continues to be decidedly multilingual.
Age encoded adversarial learning for pediatric CT segmentation
Authors: Heidari Gheshlaghi Saba , Kan Chi Nok Enoch , Gilat-Schmidt Taly , Ye Dong Hye 
Published: September 2022

<p>Organ segmentation from CT images is critical in early diagnoses of diseases, progress monitoring, pre-operative planning, radiation therapy planning and CT dose estimation. However, data limitation remains one of the main challenges in the medical image segmentation domain. This challenge is particularly huge in pediatric medical imaging due to the patients' heightened sensitivity to radiation. To address this issue, we propose a novel segmentation framework with a built-in auxiliary classifier generative adversarial network (ACGAN) that conditions age, simultaneously generating additional features during training. The proposed CFG-SegNet (conditional feature generation segmentation network) was trained on a single loss function and used 2.5D segmentation batches. Our experiment was performed on a dataset with 359 subjects (180 male and 179 female) aged from 5 days to 16 years and a mean age of 7. CFG-SegNet achieves an average segmentation accuracy of 0.681 DSC (Dice Similarity Coefficient) on the prostate, 0.619 DSC on the uterus, 0.912 DSC on the liver, and 0.832 DSC on the heart with 4-fold cross-validation. We compare the segmentation accuracy of our proposed method with previously published U-Net results, and our network improved the segmentation accuracy by 2.7\%, 2.6\%, 2.8\%, and 3.4\% for prostate, uterus, liver, and heart respectively. The results indicate that our high-performing segmentation framework can precisely segment organs when limited training images are available.</p>