bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VARIABILITY OF CERTAIN MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LEAVES OF EUROPEAN BEECH (Fagus sylvatica L.) OF FIVE PROVENANCES IN PART OF ITS NATURAL RANGE IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Ivojević Sead , Višnjić Ćemal , Mekić Faruk 
Published: January 2022

UDK 582.632.2:581.45(497.6)
This paper deals with the morphological variability of beech leaves (Fagus sylvatica L.) of various provenances in part of its natural range in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of the study was to determine whether beech leaves of various provenances in Bosnia and Herzegovina demonstrate morphological variability, and whether the morphology of beech leaves is an inherited characteristic or is influenced by the habitat conditions of a given provenance.
Following an examination of the morphological characteristics of the beech leaves of each provenance, both intra-provenance and inter-provenance variability of certain leaf characteristics was identified, among both naturally regenerated specimens and seedlings raised from seed from the same provenance.
As regards heredity and morphological leaf characteristics, no correlation was identified between the morphology of leaves of specific provenance and the equivalent nursery-raised seedlings. This suggests that the majority of the morphological parameters of beech leaves are not inherited, and that beech in Bosnia and Herzegovina is a fairly variable and adaptive species.
USE OF PESTICIDES IN FOREST NURSERIES IN THE TERRITORY OF FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Treštić Tarik , Mujezinović Osman , Osmić Senada 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 630*235: 632.95(497.6)
Seedlings are produced by implementation of technical-technological procedures at specially prepared area which we call nurseries. With produced seedlings is additionally completed natural restoration of forests, forestation of bare lands, and plantations are established, melioration of degraded forest and brush-wood is conducted, eroded lands are repaired, etc. In the actual Registry of the Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina are registered 11 nurseries which produce forest and horticultural seedlings. In their production program dominant are three conifer tree species: Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus silvestris) and Black pine (Pinus nigra). Seedlings of broadleaves tree species in total production participate with only 2%.
In nurseries is implemented the concept of integral protection of plants in the form of program which is consisted of combination of agrotechnical, mechanical, physical, biological and chemical measures. Chemical measures are based on the use of pesticides in integral protection of plants. Pesticides are organic and non-organic chemical compounds, as well as the products of living organisms which are used in agriculture and forestry for prevention of occurrence, control and suppression of caused of plant diseases, pest and weed, as well as for protection of agricultural and food products.
Main goal of this research was to identify the quantity indicators of use of pesticides in production of seedlings of forest trees in forest nurseries in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research has covered three nurseries in Zenica-Doboj Canton and three nurseries in Central-Bosnia Canton. The research is related to the period from 2007 to 2011.
TYPOLOGY OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE - BRIDGES OF OTTOMAN PERIOD IN PICTURE OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE
Authors: Krpo Mirna 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 624.21:7.033.39 (497.6)
This work primarily aims to capture and analyze selected new bridge stone structures in the image of the cultural landscape, which occurred in the Ottoman period in the territory of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina,
These bridge structures, regardless of whether they were located directly or connecting routes to the said Roman route, as well as functional - structural miniature sizes or stylish - the aesthetic imbalance have the role specified to fill that void in Bosnia and Herzegovina which is felt in the knowledge of development of those types of buildings.
An analysis of the historical development of bridges leads us in history where we can clearly recognize, on what is based, the maximum utilitarianism bridges in general.
Through presented examples we confirm the universality of the object that without certain stylistic affiliation, which were built by hands and knowledge of local builders, however, do not disturb the landscape, but on the contrary, they complement each other, and create a special harmony of space.
DETECTION OF DECAY IN INJURED TREES OF SILVER FIR USING THE METHOD OF TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Treštić Tarik , Hasković Alen , Čabaravdić Azra , Mujezinović Osman , Zahirović Kenan 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 630*44:632.25(234.422 Igman)
Silver Fir in Bosnia and Herzegovina is the important coniferous species of trees in term of forestry and biodiversity. Numerous harmful factors have the impact to its health and vitality. One of them is different damages of standing trees by machinery. These injuries represent suitable entering openings for microorganisms which afterwards cause decay of the wood. Wood affected by this process has a decreased quality or it becomes completely unusable. Infection and development of decay are in correlation with the size of the injuries and its position on the tree. In recent times the methods of analysis of decay based on the flow of electric energy or sound through the wood were developed. One of these methods is the sound tomography which gives us the possibility to review the condition of the tree without the need to cut it or damage it significantly. It is performed by the device called tomograph. In this paper, by the method of tomography, the presence of signs of decay of wood on injured trees of Silver Fir was identified.
MORPHOMETRY OF DRY WALLS IN TERRACED OLIVE GROVES IN ŠIBENIK-KNIN COUNTY
Authors: Dorbić Boris , Temim Elma 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 634.63:693.15(497.5 Šibenik-Knin)
During 20th century, more and more people went from traditional to conventional or integral agriculture. This state, among other things, significantly endangered old dry walls in terracced olive groves typical for rural landscape in Dalmatia. This paper presents gathered information of inventarisation of dry walls in terraced olive groves in 9 localities with different way of managing in Šibenik-Knin County. The basic goal of this research was collecting basic material for establishment of integral cadaster of dry walls for the purpose of their protection. The results show negative impact of intensive agriculture on dry walls.
PHENOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF CERTAIN SILVER FIR POPULATIONS (ABIES ALBA, MILL.) IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Memišević Hodžić Mirzeta , Džakmić Jasmina , Ballian Dalibor 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 582.475:581.45/.46(497.6 Olovo)
Within this research phenological observation of leafing process on the trees in nine silver fir provenances was conducted. The trees are located in the area of „Krivaja“ management unit in section 86, department a, site „Delimusa“, spreading at the surface of 32,5 ha.
The aim of this research is to determine the intra population and inter population variability of phenological features of nine fir provenances.
Phenological researches were made in the period from 16 March to 23 May 2015. The following four phases were observed: A – winter bud, B – bud swelling, C – bud eruption and D – open bud.
Results of research show that there is no statistically significant difference in the length oh the phases between individual provenances.
EVALUATION OF MLR AND GWR REGRESSION MODELS OF CURRENT ANNUAL INCREMENT PREDICTED BY GROWING STOCK, TOPOGRAPHICAL AND LANDSAT 8 SPECTRAL DATA IN THE NORTHEAST BOSNIAN MIXED FOREST
Authors: Čabaravdić Azra , Ibrahimspahić Aida , Osmanović Merisa , Starčević Mirsada 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 630*52/*56:519.8(497.6)
The aim of this research was to evaluate estimates of the current annual increment of volume (CAIv) variability considering growing stock (V) as structural variable and topographic conditions and Landsat 8 spectral response as environmental variables on hilly and mountainous mixed forests in the northeast Bosnia using multiple linear regressions based on ordinary least squares (MLR) and geographically weighted regression (GWR).
Sample data contains geo-referenced forest inventory data, CAIv (m3/ha/year) and V (m3/ha), extracted values from digital terrain model (altitude, slope and aspect) and derived principal components values from Landsat 8 satellite image for forest stands of the management unit located on hilly and mountain positions in protected area Konjuh, Kladanj. Here are applied MLR and GWR using stepwise procedure. MLR and GWR analyses resulted with global coefficients of significant predictors on hilly position. This was expected due to homogenous vegetation and environmental conditions on hilly position. It was found that growing stock affected CAIv the most. Significant improvement of regression modeling is achieved by GWR appliance on sample from mountainous position. There were obtained local influence of growing stock and the first principle component related to green biomass on CAIv. The highest improvement is found for broadleaves CAIv where quantification of local variability of growing stock increased adjusted coefficient of determination about 11% and reduced relative root mean square error for 6%. Local character of green biomass related to conifers CAIv did not improve regression estimation significantly. The broadleaves root mean square error based on GWR was 1.60 m3/ha/year (coefficient of variation more than 30%) which is still high so further modeling including other structural characteristics (stems number, basal area, mixture) as predictors is required.
MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE LAKES BISTARAC AND VIDARA WATER QUALITY
Authors: Hodžić Snježana , Širanović Suad , Avdić Aldijana , Husejnagić Darja , Djedović Almedina , Vuković Nahida 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 574.5:579.68(285)(497.6)
In the spring and summer season of 2014, the change in the number of coliform and heterotrophic bacteria in specific localities of lake Bistarac and lake Vidara were observed and analyzed. Lake Bistarac was formed after the cessation of surface mining in the open pit, while lake Vidara is the artificial lake in the area of Gradacac made in order to protect the industrial zone of flooding. Both of these lakes, placed in Tuzla Canton, are very attractive for tourist and frequently are used for swimming, fishing and recreation. Results of this study showed an increased number of coliform bacteria in both periods, and the presence of Escherichia coli as a direct indicator of fecal pollution, while, as an additional indicator of fecal pollution, Citrobacter and Enterobacter were identified. From the total number of analyzed water samples of the lake Bistarac, 60% of samples belonged into to the second class, and 40% into the first class of water quality. Lake Vidara showed poor quality as the 80% of the analysed samples belonged to the second class and only 20% into the first class of water quality. For the microbiological assessment of the water quality standard microbiological procedures and methods were used. One of the main reasons for poor hygienic state of these two lakes is unregulated sewage network of the villages, restaurants and camping areas placed near the lakes. The increased number of fecal bacteria was found in the water of both lakes, which can be highly dangerous for the human population. Since both lakes are used for recreational purposes it is necessary to establish an appropriate monitoring system on the basis of which is possible to take measures and to protect and improve water quality.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE FOREST TRUCK ROADS IN AIM OF PLANNED OPENING THE FORESTS IN THE MU „GORNJA RAKITNICA“, FMR „TRNOVSKO“
Authors: Sokolović Dževada , Halimić Nail , Gurda Safet , Bajrić Muhamed , Halilović Velid , Knežević Jelena , Hodžić Adnan 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 630*38:625.711.84(497.6 Trnovo)
The forest truck roads, as one of the essential conditions for implementation of the planned biotechnical measures in the management unit, have to have an adequate quantity and quality. The aim of this research is determination of quantity and quality of the forest truck roads in the Management Unit (MU) „Gornja Rakitnica“, Forest Management Region (FMR) „Trnovsko“. The accessibility through wider categories of forest and total accessibility for MU have been calculated by the analysis of quantities indicators of the primary network of roads. The accessibility of the most important category of forests, from economy aspect, has been calculated – the forests with natural renewal. This accessibility amounts 12,7 m/ha. By the comparison of the values with the recommended minimum and optimum accessibility, it has been calculated that it is necessary to construct new forest truck roads. The data about quality have been obtained on the basis of terrain measurements in two forest truck roads „Rakitnica-Zućina vrela“ and „Pijevac – Borovac“. By the analysis of qualitative indicators in the analyzed roads it has been concluded that the network of forest truck roads in the MU „Gornja Rakitnica“ is passable i.e. it enables implementation of planned activities from all forest fields. The technical elements of the measured roads enable the values defined by technical regulations. The constructive elements: carriageway condition, slope cuttings, ditches and objects on the road are not in an adequate condition. If the adequate recovery works are not undertaken it could cause progressive deterioration of roads, which could influence functionality of roads transport of timber, access to compartments, etc… For the improvement of the condition of forest truck roads, the measures of recovery have been designed and the calculation of total and average costs has been carried out.
WHEEL SLIP DURING WOOD EXTRACTION
Authors: Marenče Jurij , Brnić Anđelko , Šušnjar Marijan 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 630*31:630*36
In the paper is conducted comparison of the wheel slip of the two different skidders in the equal conditions of extraction (equal loads and slopes of the tractor road and skid trail). The first skidder in the research is ECOTRAC 120 V of the Croatian manufacturer Hittner d.o.o. with the mechanical transmission and the other skidder is of the Slovenian manufacture WOODY 110 with the hydrostatic transmission.
Wheel slip of the skidder during the research is determined on the basis of the number of wheel rotations. Distance travelled is calculated from the multiplied number of rotations of the fifth wheel and its circumference.
During the extraction downhill, the wheel slip is negative. Generally, it could be said that, in the same conditions during the extraction uphill, wheel slip is increased with the increase of load weight and during the extraction downhill are less negative values of slip with the increase of the load weight.
By comparing the wheel slip at the researched skidders are established the advantages of the hydrostatic mechanic transmission during the wood extraction uphill. But, during the extraction downhill, with the mechanic transmission are achieved less wheel slips.
DETERMINATION OF GERMINATION CHARACTERISTICS OF CALLIGONUM POLYGONOIDES AND KOELREUTERIA PANICULATA SEEDS
Authors: Attar Fahretin , Bayraktar Ali , Yildirim Nebahat , Turna İbrahim 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 631.547.1:582.665.11]:630*232(560) 631.547.1: 582.746.46]:630*232(560)
The success of the afforestation works (ecological and biological compatibility, economic success, etc.) depends on the use of seeds of known origin or quality seedlings. For this reason, it is important to determine seed characteristics and to eliminate dormancy. In this study, it was aimed to determine the germination characteristics of seeds of Calligonumpolygonoides L. collected from Iğdır and KoelreuteriapaniculataLaxm. obtained from Trabzon. In order to eliminate the dormancy for Calligonumpolygonoides, 11 different pretreatments including control, cold water (1-2 days), hot water (10-15 min), gibberellic acid (GA3 1000 ppm, GA3 3000 ppm), sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 5-10 min), 5 min with H2SO4 + 20 min with GA3 1000 ppm and 10 min with H2SO4 + 20 min with GA3 3000 ppm were applied. The highest germination percentage was obtained as 50% in sulfuric acid (5 min) pretreatment, while the lowest germination percentage was obtained as 3.33% in control pretreatment. In hot water pretreatments, germination didn't occur. In order to eliminate the dormancy for Koelreuteriapaniculata, pretreatments including control, cold water (1 day), hot water (10 min), GA3 1000 ppm, GA3 3000 ppm, H2SO4 5-10 min, 5 min with H2SO4 + 20 min with GA3 1000 ppm and 10 min with H2SO4 + 20 min with GA3 3000 ppm were applied. While the lowest germination percentage occurred as 73.33% in H2SO4 (10 min) pretreatment, the highest germination percentage took place as 93.33% in 10 min with H2SO4 + 20 min with GA3 3000 ppm and cold water (1 day) pretreatments.
The effect of classroom lectures and a movie recommendation on pharmacy students' attitudes and social distancing toward people with schizophrenia
Authors: Aluh Deborah Oyine , Amorha Kosisochi Chinwendu , Anthony-Awi Temitayo Adeola 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Stigma and negative attitudes toward people with mental health disorders can impair the provision of pharmaceutical care. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of classroom lectures on mental health disorders and a movie recommendation on pharmacy students' attitudes and stigma toward persons with schizophrenia (PwS).

Methods
The study consisted of a presurvey and postsurvey carried out among final-year pharmacy students of the University of Nigeria Nsukka. A survey comprising 3 sections on sociodemographic details, attitudes toward PwS, and a social distance scale was given to conveniently sampled students before and after lectures on schizophrenia. Students were encouraged to watch a movie about the experiences of a PwS after the first lecture.

Results
One hundred seventy-nine students (of the 200 sampled, response rate 91.1%) agreed to participate and completed the survey instrument before the clinical lecture, whereas 108 students who took part in the presurvey participated in the postsurvey (response rate of 76.0%). The overall mean negative attitude score reduced from 2.79 ± 0.412 to 2.72 ± 0.357. The overall mean social distance score increased from 2.48 ± 0.415 to 2.49 ± 0.467, indicating increased stigma. In both presurveys and postsurveys, people with a friend or relative with schizophrenia had a lower mean negative attitude score compared with those who did not. People who had watched the movie recommendation (n = 85) had a higher mean negative attitude (2.74 vs 2.67, P = .433) and a lower social distance toward PwS (2.57 vs 2.48, P = .415).

Discussion
Classroom lectures on mental health among pharmacy students might not significantly improve the overall attitudes and social distance toward PwS. Schools of pharmacy should consider alternative formats of teaching mental health–related topics, such as contact with real patients and simulation.
Istradefylline: A novel agent in the treatment of “off” episodes associated with levodopa/carbidopa use in Parkinson disease
Authors: Cummins Lauren , Cates Marshall E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The current gold standard for treatment of Parkinson disease (PD) is levodopa/carbidopa (L/C), but long-term treatment frequently results in motor complications, such as wearing-off and motor fluctuations (eg, dyskinesia, “on-off” phenomenon). Istradefylline is a new drug with a unique pharmacologic profile that was approved by the FDA for use as adjunctive treatment to L/C in adult patients with PD experiencing “off” episodes. The drug was shown to reduce “off” time in 4 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. The most common adverse effects are dyskinesia, dizziness, constipation, nausea, hallucinations, and insomnia. Unlike many drugs that treat PD, istradefylline is a nondopaminergic drug that exerts its effects via adenosine A2A receptor antagonism. The major drug interactions involve inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A4 as well as tobacco smoking via induction of CYP1A1. Istradefylline is taken once daily as a 20- or 40-mg dose, except in cases involving drug interactions or hepatic impairment. The cost of the drug is relatively expensive, which has implications for Medicare and private insurance coverage. Istradefylline is an alternative option to dopaminergic drugs such as dopamine agonists, monoamine oxidase B inhibitors, and catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors as an adjunct to L/C in patients with motor fluctuations, but clinical use will further define its role in treatment of PD.
A case report and literature review of olanzapine-associated hyperglycemia with previous history of gestational diabetes
Authors: Alastanos Jennifer N. , Suri Devika , DeLellis Hayato , Mapugay Andrea 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundOlanzapine (Zyprexa) package labeling includes a warning for hyperglycemia, stating physicians should consider the risks and benefits when prescribing olanzapine to patients with an established diagnosis of diabetes mellitus or having borderline increased blood glucose levels. A case report of olanzapine-associated hyperglycemia in a patient with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is presented and literature review is discussed.Case ReportA 33-year-old female with a past medical history of bipolar disorder, cocaine and amphetamine use disorder, hypertension, and GDM was initiated on olanzapine 5 mg PO daily which was subsequently titrated to 25 mg daily. On day 15 of admission, she developed signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia, with blood glucose readings &gt;500 mg/dL. Insulin was initiated, olanzapine was discontinued, and her blood glucose began improving. She was later discharged on ziprasidone 20 mg PO twice daily.DiscussionThere have been several case reports published on olanzapine-induced hyperglycemia. This is the first case report to specifically recognize a history of GDM as a potential risk factor for developing olanzapine-associated hyperglycemia.ConclusionAdverse effect profiles and patient-specific risk factors should be considered when selecting appropriate antipsychotic treatment. Olanzapine may not be an ideal medication choice for a person with a history of GDM; however, if olanzapine is indicated, then close blood glucose monitoring is recommended.
Hemoglobin–Laccase Modifications of Ligninsulfonate: A Promising Synergistic Stratagem for Lignin Biodegradation
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Chen Xu , Shi Ting , Zhao Yi‐Lei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMulticomponent systems, such as laccase cooperating with other proteins in ligninase, are able to modify the chemical structure of lignin efficiently and opens the door to potential applications. Here, an in‐depth investigation of hemoglobin‐assisted laccase oxidation of soluble lignosulfonate is carried out, using a combination of UV–visible spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry, gel permeation chromatography, Raman spectroscopy, 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Intriguingly, hemoglobin enhances the exothermically oxidative process of the laccase reaction. Product characterizations suggest that hemoglobin may preferentially reduce the ratio of guaiacyl/syringyl subunits and promote phenylcoumaran formation simultaneously. The complicated interactions among hemoglobin, laccase, and lignin make a multiple‐component reaction, suggesting that Fe‐containing macromolecules have the capacity to mediate laccase based chemical modifications of lignin.