bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of the causes of death in patients with diabetes mellitus receiving recent standard medical care: A cross-sectional comparison with non-diabetes patients in the last 10 years
Authors: Nakagawa Tomoko , Matsudaira Tamao , Nakamura Yuta , Takemoto Ayaka , Oyanagi Takeshi , Tsunemi Shingo , Kubo Yui , Hishida Yoshiaki , Kawanabe Shin , Tsukiyama Hidekazu , Yokota Kenichi , Sone Masakatsu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Diabetes treatment aims to prevent complications and help patients lead a healthy life comparable to individuals without diabetes. The age at death of individuals with diabetes has been reported to be lower than that of those without diabetes. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the differences in the age at death and the cause of death between individuals with and without diabetes.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 9,627 adult patients who died at St. Marianna University Hospital (Kawasaki, Japan) using electronic medical record data collected between January 2011 and December 2020. We extracted data on sex, age at death, the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision codes for cause of death, and the presence or absence of diabetes. The Chi-square test was performed to compare the causes of death between patients with and without diabetes.
Results
Of the 9,627 patients, 836 (8.7%) were diagnosed with diabetes. The median age at death [interquartile range] of patients with and without diabetes was 76.0 [65.0, 84.0] years and 75.5 [68.0, 81.0], respectively. The median age at death was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.570). The distribution of the peak age at death was in the 70s for patients with diabetes and lower than the 80s for those without diabetes. Regarding the cause of death in patients with diabetes, malignant neoplasia (38.4%) ranked first, followed by infection (12.4%), cerebrovascular disease (5.6%), and cardiovascular disease (5.1%). Among the causes of death, malignant neoplasia, infection, and cerebrovascular disease were significantly more common in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes. In contrast, the incidence of cardiovascular disease did not differ between the two groups.
Conclusions
The difference in age at death between patients with diabetes and those without diabetes has recently narrowed. No significant difference was observed in the median age of death, although the peak of the age distribution at death was higher in patients with diabetes. Early diagnosis and the treatment of complications and comorbidities, including malignant neoplasms (particularly lung, liver, pancreas, leukemia, and lymphoma), infections, and cerebrovascular disease (particularly cerebral infarction), are important for achieving diabetes treatment goals.
LncSNHG14 promotes nutlin3a resistance by inhibiting ferroptosis via the miR-206 /SLC7A11 axis in osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Yuan Chengfu , Li Luoying , Zhang Yifan , Gao Yan , Hu Yaqi , Wang Rui , Wang Shuwen , Li Yuanyang , He Yumin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The most prevalent form of primary osseous malignant tumor in adolescents and children is osteosarcoma (OS). A combination of surgery and neoadjuvant/post-surgery chemotherapy is currently the standard therapy. While the chemoresistance associated with OS generally leads to poor efficacy of therapeutic agents, the relevant molecular interaction is still elusive. Here, the lncRNA (long non-coding RNA) SNHG14 was found to be significantly upregulated in the nutlin3a-resistant OS cell line NR-SJSA1 and contributes to treatment resistance by suppressing ferroptosis. In NR-SJSA1 cells, knockdown of LncRNA SNHG14 resulted in a reversal of drug resistance and activation of ferroptosis, which disappeared when ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor, was added. Mechanically, lncRNA SNHG14 targeted and down-regulated the expression of miR-206, further affecting the common ferroptosis inhibitor SLC7A11, and preventing NR-SJSA1 cells from undergoing ferroptosis. In conclusion, our findings highlight the involvement of lncRNA SNHG14 in ferroptosis and chemotherapy resistance of nutlin3a-resistant NR-SJSA1 cells, thus shedding new insight on how to overcome drug resistance in osteosarcoma cells and improve treatment efficacy.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the purified protein from Jack fruit seeds and its effects on HeLa, cervical cancer cell line
Authors: Kumar Bommoianaboin Anil , Ahmed Neesar , Jamal Shazia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was done using Jacalin, a dietary lectin purified from Jack fruit seeds. The colour change from yellow to red confirms the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The synthesized AgNPs using Jacalin displayed an absorption peak (Max.) at 430 nm in UV–visible spectroscopy. The particle size of the synthesized AgNPs through SEM was found to be in the range of 200 nm to 300 nm. Moreover, Jacalin-based AgNPs significantly inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cells but not PBMCs which were taken as the primary cell line control. In conclusion, Jacalin was used to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles, which showed potent inhibition of proliferation against the cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) and had minimal effect on primary cell line proliferation.
Successful implementation of community-based health services in conflict- lessons from the Central African Republic and South Sudan: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Rab* Faiza , Razavi S. Donya , Kone Mariam , Sohani Salim , Assefa Mekdes E. , Tiwana Muhammad Haaris , Rossi Rodolfo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The delivery of quality healthcare for women and children in conflict-affected settings remains a challenge that cannot be mitigated unless global health policymakers and implementers find an effective modality in these contexts. CRC and ICRC used an integrated public health approach to pilot a program for delivering community-based health services in the Central African Republic (CAR) and South Sudan in partnership with National Red Cross Societies in both countries. This study explored the feasibility, barriers, and strategies for context-specific agile programming in armed conflict affected settings.
Methods
A mixed-methods study design was used for this study. Focus groups with community health workers/volunteers, community elders, men, women, and adolescents in the community and key informant interviews with program implementers were conducted in CAR and South Sudan. Additional data related to program activities and qualitative data to validate findings from focal group discussions and key informant interviews were extracted from program implementation reports. Data were analyzed using a content analysis approach and triangulated during the study analysis and inference.
Results
In total, 15 focus groups and 16 key informant interviews were conducted, and 169 people participated in the study. Engaging community elders emerged as an overarching theme underpinning the importance of gaining community trust. The feasibility of service delivery in armed conflict settings depends on well-defined and clear messaging, community inclusiveness and a localized plan for delivery of services. Security and knowledge gaps, including language barriers and gaps in literacy, impacted service delivery. Empowering women and adolescents and providing context-specific resources can mitigate some barriers. Community engagement, collaboration and negotiating safe passage, comprehensive delivery of services and continued training were key strategies identified for agile programming in conflict settings.
Conclusion
Using an integrative community-based approach to health service delivery in CAR and South Sudan is an effective approach for humanitarian organizations operating in conflict-affected areas. To achieve successful, agile, and responsive implementation of health services in a conflict-affected setting, decision-makers should focus on effectively engaging communities, bridge inequities through the engagement of vulnerable groups, and contextualize service delivery with the support of local actors.
Extreme genetic divergence indicated by chromosome rearrangements
Authors: Dobry Jason , Wapstra Erik , Stringer Emily , Gruber Bernd , Deakin Janine E. , Ezaz Tariq 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chromosomal rearrangements are often associated with local adaptation and speciation because they suppress recombination, and as a result, rearrangements have been implicated in disrupting geneflow. Although there is strong evidence to suggest that chromosome rearrangements are a factor in genetic isolation of divergent populations, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here we applied an integrative cytogenetics and genomics approach testing whether chromosomal rearrangements are the initial process, or a consequence, of population divergence in the dwarf goanna, Varanus acanthurus. Specifically, we tested whether chromosome rearrangements are indicators of genetic barriers that can be used to identify divergent populations by looking at geneflow within and between populations with rearrangements. We found that geneflow was present between individuals with chromosome rearrangements within populations, but there was no geneflow between populations that had similar chromosome rearrangements. Moreover, we identified a correlation between reduced genetic variation in populations with a higher frequency of homozygous submetacentric individuals. These findings suggest that chromosomal rearrangements were widespread prior to divergence and because we found populations with higher frequencies of submetacentric chromosomes were associated with lower genetic diversity, this could indicate that polymorphisms within populations are early indicators of genetic drift.
Road Geometrical Design Out of Standards: A Preliminary Study in a Simulated Context
Authors: BOSURGI Gaetano , MARRA Stellario , PELLEGRINO Orazio , SOLLAZZO Giuseppe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
When a road design solution is quite out of standards for the presence of insurmountable constraints, there is the need for an objective procedure aimed at achieving a certain level of safety for drivers. To avoid issues on judicial responsibility, designers aim to fully satisfy the existing standards, possibly without any exception. Traditional methodologies based on previous experience or road administrators’ guidelines generally caused problems due to the high subjectivity involved in the analysis. In this paper, to overpass these issues, a rational procedure based on vehicles telemetry data in a simulated environment is proposed. This process, through synthetic indices, allows the analysts to compare two road geometries, similar but different, because one includes curves with shorter residual circular arcs than threshold values imposed by Italian standards. The main results, derived from a two-way ANOVA with subsequent contrast analysis, suggest that a certain deviation respect to the standards did not determine any decay in the driver’s performance. Compared to the existing literature, in this study a full objective procedure was proposed, based on a totally new indicator, which can be easily adapted to any context, involving driver, road and vehicle at the same time.
Ontology and tool development for documenting intraoperative monitoring in neurosurgery
Authors: Romao Patricia , Neuenschwander Stefanie , Zbinden Chantal , Seidel Kathleen , Sariyar Murat 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IOM) is intended to serve as an early warning system. By measuring evoked potentials during neurosurgical procedures IOM aims to determine when tumor tissue removal must be stopped to avoid damage to important structures such as the corticospinal tract. The central objective of this work is to provide an ontology that improves interrelated documentation in terms of adequate event characterizations. In contrast to a taxonomy (or meronomy), an ontology enables semantic enrichments of documentation events by modelling relationships beyond is-a or part-of, e.g., causally-related-to or occurs-in. This enhances documentation accuracy as well as the potential of useful inferences. Given our focus on extensibility and the desire to reuse existing ontologies as much as possible, we decided to use the basic formal ontology (BFO).
Results: Our work has three central results: (i) an BFO-based ontology for IOM that is extended to a knowledge base, (ii) a software tool with a graphical user interface that goes beyond Protégé to involve the experts of the IOM subject field, (iii) and an evaluation of the tool in real-world documentation scenarios that allowed us to derive necessary adaptations for its productive use. The core entities of the ontology are measurements with the components timestamp, measurement type, measure values, and measurement location. We did not use the ontology of adverse events because its reliance on describing events solely as occurrents was not fully compatible with our use case of representing the documentation of those events. One crucial insight is: Occurrents such as processes are generally designed to track general dynamics, rather than to identify and document concrete processes related to individuals. Several ontologies were embedded into our ontology, e.g., the Foundation Model of Anatomy (FMA), the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) and the ontology for surgical process models (OntoSPM) related to general surgical terms. Our software tool was developed based on JavaFX for the frontend and Apache Jena for the backend. In the evaluation, all participants agreed that the interface could be used without having extensive technical skills.
Conclusions: Basing our ontology development on BFO facilitated the start of the ontology development. It also simplifies integration of other ontologies. For example, it was highly helpful to be able to integrate parts of domain-specific BFO-based ontologies such as OntoSPM. By creating a knowledge base for IOM, investigations on event-outcome associations, e.g., “a signal change pattern X before an event Y is causally related to the outcome Z” are enabled on a semantically enriched data base.
Treating Spindling Excessive Beta with Inhibitory rTMS: A Case Study
Authors: Sguigna Tristan , Tirman Phillip , Jung Vanessa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The present case report investigated whether 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) could reduce the symptoms and electrophysiological variables associated with spindling excessive beta (SEB) located in the frontal lobes. A 9-year-old patient who displayed emotional reactivity and impulsivity was evaluated using a computerized assessment of cognitive functioning and a quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) which displayed SEB. The patient was treated for 5 days with a 1 Hz rTMS protocol using a deep TMS coil. Improvements in both electrical power and cognitive measures were observed after a post qEEG. This report concludes that more research is needed to evince that inhibitory rTMS can reduce power in SEB and improve symptoms of overarousal.
Insights and Current Perspectives on Pharmacogenomics of Antimalarial Drugs
Authors: Soyinka Julius Olugbenga , Nnadi Charles Okeke , Onyeji Cyprian Ogbonna 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Malaria constitutes a major public health concern in tropical and other malaria-endemic regions. Genetic and non-genetic factors are known to influence the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of drugs including antimalarial drugs resulting in variability in drug responses. This article aimed to update perspectives on pharmacogenomics and also provide an updated appraisal of genetic variability in drug-metabolizing enzymes which alter the disposition of antimalarial drugs causing variations in treatment outcomes. Important literature databases such as Elsevier, IEEExplore, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and BioMed Central were selected based on the quality, extant content, and broad area of the discipline. The specific keywords related to the study were identified and used for the study purposedly to identify related works. Advances in genetic research have facilitated the identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) that alter the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes that metabolize most antimalarial drugs. There is an association between isoforms of CYP450 gene variants and the efficacy of some antimalarial drugs, and this can be applied to the optimization of malarial therapy. Although identification of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) gene variants can be used for personalization of malaria treatment, several challenges are encountered in this process but some resources provide education and guidelines on how to use the pharmacogenetic results of specific drugs.
Improving Nutrition through Biofortification - A Systematic Review
Authors: Aryee Alberta N.A. , English Marcia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Food and nutrients are important for human growth and development. However, malnutrition and hidden hunger continue to be a challenge globally. In most developing countries, access to adequate food and nutrients has been a challenge. Although hidden hunger is less prevalent in developed countries compared to developing countries, iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies are common. The 2nd Sustainable Development Goal was set to help eradicate malnutrition and hidden hunger. Hidden hunger has led to numerous cases of infant and maternal mortalities, and has greatly impacted growth, development, cognitive ability, and physical working capacity. This has influenced several countries to develop interventions that could help combat malnutrition and hidden hunger. Interventions such as dietary diversification and food supplementation are being adopted. However, fortification mainly biofortification has been projected to be the most sustainable solution to malnutrition and hidden hunger. Plant-based foods (PBFs) form a greater percentage of diets in certain populations hence; fortification of PBFs is relevant in combatting malnutrition and hidden hunger. Agronomic biofortification, plant breeding, and transgenic approaches are some currently used strategies in crops. Crops such as cereals, legumes, oilseeds, vegetables, and fruits have been biofortified through all these three strategies. The transgenic approach is sustainable, efficient, and rapid, making it suitable for biofortification programs. Omics technology has also been introduced to improve the efficiency of the transgenic approach.
IL-18 and IL-18 binding protein are related to severity of myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Wang Ting , Ran NingYuan , Li Nianbin , Zang Mengtong , He Xin , Chen Qiulin , Fu Rong , Shao Zonghong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) was defined as a clonal hematopoietic disorder disease. Although current stratified therapy for MDS has greatly improved overall survival, there is still a subset of them who suffered from progression to AML with a poor prognosis. Immune factors play essential roles in the pathogenesis and evolution of MDS. It is known that the level of plasma IL-18 which has anti-tumor and immunomodulatory effects increased in MDS patients. Recent research found that the presence of IL-18 binding protein(IL-18BP) depresses its effect. In this study, we intended to discuss the importance of IL-18 and IL-18BP on the severity of MDS and the potential mechanisms affecting the efficacy and explore new targets for MDS further therapy. Methods 43 MDS patients, 14 AML patients, and 16 healthy volunteers were enrolled in our study. The levels of IL-18, IL-18BP of bone marrow supernatant were tested by ELISA and clinical information was collected. The expression of perforin, granzyme B, and IFN-γ, as well as PD-1 and TIM-3 expression on the surface CD8 + T and NK cells, was tested in MDS patients by flow cytometry, and correlations among all these data were analyzed by SPSS. Results We found that the levels of IL-18, IL-18BP, and free IL-18 (fIL-18) in the bone marrow supernatants of both MDS and AML were higher than those of healthy controls. FIL-18 were negatively correlated with the severity of MDS. CD8 + T cells in MDS were hypofunctional, with a lower secretion of perforin, granzyme B, and IFN-γ than in healthy controls. The level of fIL-18 was positively correlated with perforin and IFN-γ; the expression of IL-18Rα on the surface of CD8 + T cells was low in MDS patients. The expression of IL-18Rα was negatively correlated with perforin, granzyme B, and IFN-γ. In addition, elevated levels of PD-1 and TIM-3 on the surface of CD8 + T cells in MDS seemed no significant correlation with fIL-18 and IL-18BP. Conclusion MDS is in a state of immunosuppression as evidenced by the decreased number and depressed function of CD8 + T cells and NK cells. Increased expression of fIL-18 in MDS patients was shown, compared to healthy controls. Due to the presence of IL-18BP, fIL-18 is relatively insufficient. Thus antagonizing IL-18BP is a promising new target for MDS.
The structure, stability, thermochemistry, and bonding in SO3-(H2O)n (n=1–7) clusters: a computational analysis
Authors: Ambigapathy Suvitha , Sathiyamoorthy Venkataramanan Natarajan , Sahara Royoji 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The structure, stability, and intermolecular interactions in SO3-(H2O)n(n = 1 -7) clusters were investigated using density functional and wave functional methods. The putative global minimum shows the SO3molecule tends to be on the surface water clusters. The increase in the number of water molecules chalcogen bond distance between water molecules and SO3decreases, while the maximum number of water molecules coordinated to the SO3molecule remains at three. The calculated solvation energy increases with the increase in the number of water molecules and it does not saturate, which indicates that the addition of water molecules can add up to the existing water cluster network. The interaction energy between water molecules and SO3was less than the solvation energy conforming to the cluster forming of water molecules. The Gibbs free energy and entropy values decrease with the increase in cluster size, signifying the amount of water molecule decide the sequential hydration process. Thermochemistry data at various temperatures show that low-temperature regions found in the upper part of the troposphere favor hydration formation. Molecular electrostatic potentials (MESP) show reduced Vs,max value of π-hole on sulfur atom, and increased value on hydrogens of water molecules which results in the addition of water which leads to the sequential addition of water molecules to the water network. The quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) shows the presence of S···O, O···H interactions between SO3and water molecules. Between water molecules O···H, H-bonding interactions were observed, and in larger clusters, O···O interaction was also noticed. QTAIM analysis shows the water–water HBs in these clusters are weak H-bond, while the SO3-water interaction can be classified as medium H-bonds which was further supported by the NCI and 2D RDG plots.