bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Hypertriglycerideamia with Ischaemic Stroke
Authors: Das Biplob Kumar , Mondal Kanak Jyoti 
Published: January 2022

Stroke is one of the foremost causes of morbidity, mortality and is a socioeconomic challenge. This is particularly true for developing countries like Bangladesh, where health support system including the rehabilitation system is not within the reach of common people. Hypertriglycerademia has an effective influence in the pathogenesis of Ischaemic Stroke (IS). So, the focus of this study was to evaluate and assess the association of serum triglyceride level in patients of IS. This case control study was carried out in the Department of Neurology in collaboration with Department of Biochemistry, BSMMU, Dhaka from July 2011 to June 2013. In this study, 60 diagnosed cases of ischaemic stroke patients and 60 age and sex matched healthy controls were enrolled. Risk factors of Ischemic Stroke (IS) patients were assessed ( adjusted Odds Ratio) in comparison with healthy adults. In this study, being married [OR. 1.95, 95% CI (0.40-9.42), p=0.409] , smoker [OR.1.65, 95% CI (0.57 - 4.82),p= 0.357], DM [OR. 1.48, 95% CI (0.36-6.06), p=0.582 ], IHD [OR. 1.51, 95% CI (0.29 – 7.89), p=0.624] , HTN [OR. 3.66, 95% CI (1.11–12.12), p=0.033] , overweight [OR.2.31, 95% CI (0.77 – 6.91), 0.135] and obesity [OR. 16.19, 95% CI (1.31–200.6), p=0.030] , increased level of serum TC [OR.8.24, 95% CI (2.07 – 32.83), p=0.003], TG [OR. 9.40, 95% CI (1.17 -75.86), p=0.035], LDL [OR. 0.45, 95% CI (0.10–2.05), p=0.308],and decreased level of HDL [OR. 3.37, 95% CI (1.03 - 12.25), p=0.045] were found as risk factors in developing IS. Independent t-test was done to find out the statistically significant differences of continuous variables like serum lipid profile between case and control group. The mean (SD) value of TG which is focus of this study, was found 237.67 (61.74) in case group, and 169.97 (26.95) in control group which was highly statistically significant (p < 0.0001). All of the significant variables were entered into stepwise logistic regression analysis model. From the logistic regression model, it can be finally concluded that hypertension, obesity, increased level of TC, increased level of TG and decreased level of HDL were statistically significant risk factors for development of IS.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 34-38
Pulsatile Midline Solitary Plasmacytoma in the Frontal Head Region-A Case Report”
Authors: Rahman Md Atikur , Khan Aklaque Hossain , Barua Kanak Kanti 
Published: January 2022

Primary craniocerebral plasmacytomas are uncommon and represent only 0.7 % of all plasmacytomas. In this case solitary plasmacytoma in the midline frontal head region of the skull and discuss the clinical features and prognosis of this tumor. Plasmacytoma can present as multiple myeloma, solitary plasmacytoma of the bone or extramedullary plasmacytoma. Solitary plasmacytoma is a rare entity that composes of malignant plasma cells and involves the bone to form only one or two lesions without evidence of disease dissemination. It accounts for only 4% of malignant plasma cell tumors. 50 years old male was suffering from plasmacytoma in the frontal head region in our case which is pulsatile. On images showed multiple differential diagnosis but after operation histological examination revealed plasmacytoma.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 39-42
Cerebellar Ataxia, An Unusual Neurological Manifestation of Coeliac Disease- A Case Study
Authors: Md Raknuzzaman - , Sheikh Abdul Kader , Rahman Hasan Zhahidur , Alam SK Mahbub , Ahthesam Saifullah , Ara Kazi Jannat , Islam Md Rafiqul 
Published: January 2022

Coeliac disease was considered as a gluten sensitive enteropathy but now due to its wide clinical presentation is considered as multisystem autoimmune disorder. Ataxia with peripheral neuropathy is a rare manifestation of gluten sensitivity. The presence of glutenrelated immune markers in normal population however complicates the reliable diagnosis of gluten related neurological disorders and clinical improvement on gluten free diet can serve as a diagnostic tool for this disease. We report a case of sporadic progressive cerebellar ataxia with peripheral neuropathy with positive anti tissue transglutaminase (antitTG) antibodies and subtotal villous atrophy in duodenal biopsy. This case highlights an important diagnostic and therapeutic principle in management of late onset idiopathic ataxia.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 43-46
Frequency of EEG Changes In Different Types of Clinically Diagnosed Epileptic Patients
Authors: Sa Dhali , KK Barman , Shahidullah M , Sk Dey , Islam MR , Islam MF , Alam MN 
Published: January 2022

Background: Diagnosis of epilepsy is based mainly on clinical history and examination. EEG constitutes the single most valuable laboratory test in the evaluation of patients with epilepsy. Objective: The objective of the present study was to find out the frequency of EEG abnormality among different types of clinically diagnosed epileptic patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. A total of 152 epileptic patients attended in the Epilepsy Clinic, General OPD and EEG room of the Department of Neurology were enrolled for this study. Information on socio-demographic and seizure characteristics was obtained. The records from patients were obtained using the standard data collection form.
Result: Out of 152 epileptic patients male were 62.5% and female were 37.5%, mean age was 20.69 ± 11.83 years. Abnormal EEG was found in 81 (53.3%) patients. Most of the patients 64 (79.0%) had generalized epileptic discharge and 17 (21.0%) had focal epileptic discharge. Out of 81 patients with abnormal EEG wave, 31 (38.3%) patients had spike and wave, 26 (32.1%) patients had sharp wave and 24 (29.6%) patients had multiple types of EEG wave.
Conclusion: The EEG is an important tool for diagnosing an epilepsy syndrome, knowledge of which aids in planning treatment and determining prognosis.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (2): 63-67
Electrophysiological Grading to Assess the Severity of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Symptomatic Diabetic Patients
Authors: Habib Rumana , Alam Dilruba , Islam Rafi Nazrul , Islam Rashedul , Bhowmik Nirmalendu Bikash , Haque Anisul 
Published: January 2022

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most frequent compressive focal mononeuropathy found in clinical practice. Patients mostly experience pain, paresthesia, and less commonly, weakness in the median nerve distribution which badly affects dexterity and grip. Common risk factors include repetitive wrist movements, metabolic and degenerative diseases, connective tissue disease and pregnancy. Nerve conduction study is one of the most sensitive and specific tools to diagnose CTS. This study was aimed to grade the CTS cases according to the severity based on electrophysiological findings and explore its association with clinical presentation of diabetic patients had nerve conduction study at BIRDEM General Hospital. Materials and Methods: This observational study was done in the electro diagnostic clinic of Neurology department, BIRDEM during the period Sept 2015 to Feb 2016. The study included 100 hands of 84 patients suffering from CTS consecutively attending the clinic. All the patients were interviewed and clinically examined. Demographic data including age, gender, occupation, affected hand and hand dominance along with duration of disease were recorded. Patients were graded according to clinical history and objective findings and again based on the Canterbury NCS Severity Scale.
Results: Of these 84 diabetic patients presenting with impression of CTS 96% were females. Mean age of the study subjects was 49.6±10.1 (28-85). Most of the female patients were housewives. Clinical grading of CTS was as follows: mild symptoms in 54.76%, moderate symptoms in 23.8% and severe symptoms in 28.58% patients. According to The Canterbury NCS Severity Scale out of total 100 hands,3.5% had Grade 2 (Mild ) 30.5%had Grade 3 (Moderate) ,29.4 % had Grade 4 (Severe), 34.1% had Grade 5 (Very severe) disease. Only 2 patients had Grade 6 (extremely severe) lesion. Of the study subjects 22 (26.19%) had bilateral and rest (73.81%) had unilateral disease.
Conclusion: Data demonstrated female preponderance of the diabetic CTS cases of middle age. Proportional graded deterioration of electrophysiological parameters along with the clinical severity grades highlights the fact that NCS provide additional and independent objective evidence in the diagnosis and severity assessment of CTS and plausibly has important role in prioritizing treatment plan.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (2): 98-105
Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Hossain Md Amir , Hannan MA , Barman Kanuj Kumar , Biswas Prodip Kumar , Jahan Merina , Momen Khan Muhammad Abdul 
Published: January 2022

An observational study was carried out to analyze prevalence of risk factors for ischemic stroke in hospitalized patient in a university hospital. Ninety patients were chosen by using purposive sampling technique. The mean age of patients was 59.01±9.87 years varied from 30 to 75 years and male to female ratio was 1.2:1. Highest incidence of stroke was between the 6th and 7th decade. Patients came from both rural 49 (54.4%) and urban 41 (45.6) area. Most of them belonged to the lower-middle group 70 (84.8%). Regarding education 47 (52.2%) patients had primary level education and 8 (8.9%) patients were illiterate. It was observed that among them current smoker were 30 (33.3%) and ex-smoker 17 (18.9%). It was also observed that 52 (57.8%) patients had hypertension and 32 (35.6%) had diabetes mellitus (DM). Ischemic heart disease was present in 14 (15.6%) patients. By Oxford shire classification of stroke, it was observed that PAC is common 51 (56.7%) among all forms. Majority 38 (42.2%) of patients had hospital stay of 11-15 days. The mean hospital stay was found 13.68±6.6 days. This study found that cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart diseases are the major risk factors prevalent in our community while other risk factors demand further study.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2017; Vol. 33 (1): 18-23
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis- A Study of 4 Cases
Authors: Sheikh Abdul Kader , Biswas Rama , Roy Anindita , Tuqan Sadiqa , Sarker Mallika , Bhuiyan Md Moniruzzaman 
Published: January 2022

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is an uncommon but important cause of stroke, especially in young-aged woman. Clinical presentation is variable, usually in the form of focal neurological deficit, seizure, headache and other features of raised intracranial pressure, leading to misdiagnosis or delay in treatment. Here we report 4 cases of venous sinus thrombosis with variable presentation. Diagnosis is confirmed by neuroimaging including magnetic resonance imaging with magnetic resonance venography of brain. Treatment consists of anticoagulation along with supportive management.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2017; Vol. 33 (1): 30-33
Association of Serum Homocysteine Level with Migraine in Adults
Authors: Islam Md Monirul , Habib Md Ahsan , Islam Md Rafiqul , Rahman Hasan Zahirur , Rizvi Abu Nasir , Khan Rezaul Karim , Bhuiyan Md Moniruzzaman , Ahtesam Mohammad Saifullah , Islam Mohammad Fakrul , Salehin Mushfequl , Md Rakunuzzaman - , Hannan MA 
Published: January 2022

Background: Migraine is the second most common primary headache disorder that has close link to the neurovascular system. The exact pathogenesis of migraine is still not fully understood but several possible theories have been proposed. Hyperhomocysteinemia is one of the coincidental factors whose association with migraine is yet in obscure.
Methods: This case control study was conducted in the department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. A total of 65 patients, who were diagnosed as migraine (with aura or without aura) according to ICHD-3 criteria, were considered as case group and another 65 patients (age and sex matched) with headache other than migraine were considered as control group. Serum homocysteine levels were estimated for both groups and other relevant investigations were done in selective cases. Comparison of serum homocysteine levels between two groups were done to see association of serum homocysteine level with migraine in adults.
Results: A total of 50 women and 15 men with mean age of 31 (±10.41) years and 50 women and 15 men with mean age of 33 (±10.91) years constituted case and control groups, respectively. The mean (±SD) serum homocysteine level in case group 10.71 (±4.16) ìmol/L was significantly higher than control group 7.62 (±2.26) ìmol/L, (P <0.001).The mean value of serum homocysteine level in migraine without aura (MWOA) patients 11.87 (±4.18) ìmol/L was found significantly higher than migraine with aura (MWA) patients 8.23 (±1.51) ìmol/L, (p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between severity of migraine headache and frequency of migraine attack with serum homocysteine level.
Conclusion: Serum homocysteine level was found significantly higher in migraineurs than non-migraineurs.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2017; Vol. 33 (2): 76-82
Species composition and host preference of fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera) on rodent and domestic animals in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Rajamannar V. , Govindarajan R. , Krishnamoorthi R. , Kumar Ashwani , Samuel P. Philip 
Published: January 2022

The species composition and host preference of medically important fleas monitored in urban, semi-urban, and rural revealed 412(65%) and 222(35%) fleas. From urban and rural habitats 90 and 345 fleas were collected respectively. There was a significant difference between urban and rural habitats in flea abundance. From rodents and domestic animals 209 (33%) Xenopsylla cheopis, 203 (32%) X. astia and 222 (35%) Ctenocephalides felis fleas were recorded. Fleas were predominantly found on Rattus rattus 45(83.3%) and Canis familiaris 31(83.8%). Among the habitats, there was no significant difference in rodent flea positivity and dog/cat flea positivity.
Comparative studies on Culex bitaeniorhynchus Giles (1901) and its tenax variant (Diptera: Culicidae) in Chandigarh, India
Authors: Ranjana Rani , Sandeep Kaur , Sukhbir Kaur , Sagandeep Kaur 
Published: January 2022

During present investigations the detailed morphotaxonomic studies of Culex bitaeniorhychus revealed that it exists in two forms i.e typical and tenax in and around Chandigarh. Various intraspecific variations in the morphology and male genitalia were observed in both these forms. The main aim of this study is to distinguish these two forms of Cx. bitaeniorhynchus and their separation from other closely related species. The intraspecific variants of these forms have been studied further with respect to phallosome regions of the male genitalia. For assessing the significant differences among their phenotypic characteristics one–way ANOVA was done along with pair-wise comparisons of samples means. Some of the earlier workers have considered tenax form, a synonym of Cx. infula which is another closely related species of Cx. bitaeniorhynchus. But, on the basis of remarkable differences observed between tenax and infula, it is suggested that these two are separate taxons and should not be synonymised.
on Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae)
Authors: Sahina S. , Hussain M.I. Zahir , Balasubramanain R. 
Published: January 2022

A study was undertaken on the ovicidal and larval repellent activity of Tagetes erecta leaf and flower extracts on Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806), an important tick species in the world from an economic and medical point of view. Ethanol and methanol extracted plant products tested against the eggs and larvae of R. sanguineus indicated that the ethanol extract of flower had maximum ovicidal activity (86.1%), followed by the ethanol extract of leaf (75%) at 25 mg ml-1 concentration. In all analyses, the homogeneity of variance was significant. The probit analysis clearly indicated that the ethanol extract of the flower has a higher ability to kill the eggs. In the case of larval repellency tested, both extracts of leaf showed the highest repellency (83%) at 2.5 mg ml-1. Significant tick repellency (> 90%) was found in both methanol and ethanol extracts of flower at 2.5 mg ml-1. GC-MS analysis of extracts revealed the presence of bioactive insecticidal compounds such as yangambin, cyclohexane and neophytadine.
Scanning electron microscopy of cuticular sensory structures on the legs of Micronecta haliploides (Horvath, 1904) and Hydrometra greeni (Kirkaldy, 1898) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)
Authors: Saha Anupama , Gupta Susmita 
Published: January 2022

Structures on the legs of two hemipteran bugs, Micronecta haliploides (Horvath, 1904) and Hydrometra greeni (Kirkaldy, 1898), belonging to family Micronectidae and Hydrometridae of two infra orders Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha, respectively were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Both species have a distinctive leg structure bearing specialised cuticular sensory structures. In the study, the sensilla were classified into five basic types: sensilla trichoidea, sensilla basiconidea, sensilla placoidea, porous circular sensilla and sensilla bell mouthed. These sensilla were further differentiated on the basis of shape, size, number, flexibility and type of socket attached. A total of 26 types of sensilla in the legs of these two species were observed. M. haliploides showed 18 types of sensory structures and H. greeni 8 types. A specific morphological structure of the porous circular sensilla was observed and found to be unique.
Report of Lissachatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822) (Stylommatophora: Achatinidae) in rubber plantations of Western Ghats, Kerala
Authors: Vijayan Keerthy , Suganthasakthivel R. , Sajeev T.V. , Naggs Fred 
Published: January 2022

The giant African snail Lissachatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822) is reported as a pest in rubber plantations adjoining forest fringes in the Western Ghats region of Kerala. The snail was causing damage to rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) trees, by feeding on rubber latex and nutmeg twigs and leaves. L. fulica infestation on M. fragrans is a new record. The snail infestation in rubber plantations is the first report from the Western Ghats region in Kerala.
Oxyrachis tarandus Fab. (Homoptera: Membracidae) on rose apple (Syzygium aqueum)
Authors: Zubair Medammal , Arshad Keethadath 
Published: January 2022

Oxyrachis tarandus Fab. (Homoptera: Membracidae), commonly known as cow horn bug or treehopper was found heavily infested on rose apple (Syzygium aqueum (Burm.f.) Alston, Myrtaceae). Infestation caused wilting, defoliation and structural abnormalities of fruits in S. aqueum and was found in 81 patches within a tree, which is further divided into peduncle, PD (48 patches), young terminal branches, YTB (20), older twig, OT (13), main bark, MB (0) and leaf, L (0). Infestation of shoot length ranged from 3 to 25 cm comprising a surface area of 5.47 to 25.47 cm2. Population density of cow horn bug was significantly higher in PD compared to YTB and OT and peak infestation was noted during last week of March and first week of April. Prominent mutualism between O. tarandus and ant Oecophylla smaragdina was noted with strong positive correlation.
Morphological and biochemical traits in chickpea resistance against Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Yadav Manish K. , Das Lipsa , Ramalakshmi V. , Sunil Nihal R. , Nayak Sudhanshu Bala , Padhi Deepayan 
Published: January 2022

Investigation undertaken with eight chickpea genotypes (Vallabh Kallar Channa 1, Ankur (CSJ 140), JGK-2, Ganguar (GNG 1581), Jawahar Gram-1 (JGK 1), WCG-10 (Pant G-10), Avrodhi and ICC 506-EB as resistant check) for their morphological and biochemical traits of resistance to Helicoverpa armigera, indicated trichome number, length and density, and nitrogen, total chlorophyll and potassium content as influencing the resistance/ susceptibility levels in chick pea.
Evaluation of the Relationship between the Gel Eyeliner and Ocular Comfort
Authors: GEDİK Gülşah 
Published: January 2022

Aim: The aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between ocular comfort and effect of eyeliner containing a microscale colorant, together with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) test method.
Material and Methods: The formulations were evaluated by determination of sensory, physicochemical parameters, microbial contamination and dermatological patch tests, survey study and calculation of OSDI score. Results: The physicochemical and sensorial parameters of the eyeliner formulation were appropriate for the dermal application. No microbial growth was observed. According to the patch test with 15 volunteers, the eyeliner did not show any allergic or irritant properties. All of the 20 participants who participated to the survey found that the permanence performance of the product successful, 35% of the participants think that the product does not leak or contaminate, 85% of respondents said that the product is easily cleaned and 65% of the participants stated that the product is durable in contact with water. The median OSDI score for the cohort was 22,3 (IQ range 10.4–55.6). OSDI scores were found to be 43,9 (IQ range 12.5 –6.,4) after eyeliner use. Dry eye disease severity remained moderate. 20% of the participants stated that the product caused redness around the eyes. Conclusion: This study shows that eyeliner use is associated with the effect of the chosen dye and the perception of ocular discomfort. In this study, although the participants stated that it was a 95% blacker product, the formulation containing micro dyes had to be reformulated in a discomfort-reducing way.
Parkinson Hastalığında Kırılganlık ile Fiziksel Fonksiyon Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ACARÖZ CANDAN Sevim , ÖZCAN Tuba Şaziye 
Published: January 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Parkinson hastalığında (PH) kırılganlık ile fiziksel fonksiyon arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemeyi ve kırılganlık fenotiplerine göre fiziksel fonksiyon durumunu incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve yöntemler: Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmaya PH tanısı almış 68 hasta (21 kadın, 47 erkek) dahil edildi. Kırılganlık FRAİL ölçeği ile, fiziksel fonksiyon ise kısa fiziksel performans bataryası (KFPB) ve dijital el dinamometresi ile değerlendirildi. FRAİL ölçeği puanına göre hastalar kırılgan olmayan, kırılganlık öncesi dönemde olan ve kırılgan olan Parkinson hastaları olmak üzere 3 gruba ayrıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan hastaların yaş ortalaması 70,977,91 yıl idi. Hastaların %69,1’i kırılganlık öncesi dönemde iken, %22,1’inde kırılganlık mevcut, %8,8’inde kırılganlık yoktu. KFPB puanı ve el kavrama kuvveti sırasıyla kırılgan olmayan grupta 10,170,41 ve 18,672,58, kırılganlık öncesi dönemde olan grupta 8,212,34 ve 14,065,97 iken kırılgan olan grupta 5,733,67 ve 12,477,44 idi. Gruplar arasında toplam KFPB puanı ve KFPB alt boyutları açısından fark tespit edildi (p