bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Freezing of Rotation of P3HT Crystallites by PCBM Molecules during Thermal Relaxation of the Blend Thin Films
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Kumar Sunil , Velaga Srihari , Mishra Kuldeep , Singh Amarjeet 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPoly(3‐hexylthiophene), or P3HT, is a semicrystalline polymer with charge conduction anisotropy with respect to its different axes, which calls for gaining better control of texture for targeted device applications. A blend system of P3HT and [6,6]‐phenyl C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is studied for understanding the role of PCBM in texture control of P3HT crystallites. 2D grazing incidence diffraction (2D‐GIXD) combined with high resolution grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction (1D‐GIXD) is performed on thin films of pristine P3HT and blend (P3HT/PCBM) thin films prepared by spin coating. Thermal annealing at 110 °C is used for relaxing the films. The lamellar P3HT crystallites preferably orient along the surface plane with lamellar stacking in a vertical direction and have a distribution of orientation with a limiting angle of 44°. In the pristine P3HT system, the rotations of crystallites are confirmed by the retreat of the limiting angle. The observed intensity cross‐over for precursor and annealed samples is again the signature of the rotations of crystallites. For the blend system, the intensity cross‐over is absent and there is no sign of retreat of the limiting angle, which explicitly confirms the blocking of rotation lamellar crystallites. This study provides, for the first time, the clear evidence with unambiguous analysis of blocking of rotation of crystallites due to presence of PCBM, which is explained with an analogy of the “ball‐and‐stick” mechanism. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies of surface morphology correlates with the above findings.
Cellular topology optimization on differentiable Voronoi diagrams
Authors: Feng Fan , Xiong Shiying , Liu Ziyue , Xian Zangyueyang , Zhou Yuqing , Kobayashi Hiroki , Kawamoto Atsushi , Nomura Tsuyoshi , Zhu Bo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCellular structures manifest their outstanding mechanical properties in many biological systems. One key challenge for designing and optimizing these geometrically complicated structures lies in devising an effective geometric representation to characterize the system's spatially varying cellular evolution driven by objective sensitivities. A conventional discrete cellular structure, for example, a Voronoi diagram, whose representation relies on discrete Voronoi cells and faces, lacks its differentiability to facilitate large‐scale, gradient‐based topology optimizations. We propose a topology optimization algorithm based on a differentiable and generalized Voronoi representation that can evolve the cellular structure as a continuous field. The central piece of our method is a hybrid particle‐grid representation to encode the previously discrete Voronoi diagram into a continuous density field defined in a Euclidean space. Based on this differentiable representation, we further extend it to tackle anisotropic cells, free boundaries, and functionally‐graded cellular structures. Our differentiable Voronoi diagram enables the integration of an effective cellular representation into the state‐of‐the‐art topology optimization pipelines, which defines a novel design space for cellular structures to explore design options effectively that were impractical for previous approaches. We showcase the efficacy of our approach by optimizing cellular structures with up to thousands of anisotropic cells, including femur bone and Odonata wing.
Body image in adolescent survivors of childhood cancer: The role of chronic health conditions
Authors: Belle Fabiën N. , Sláma Tomáš , Schindera Christina , Diesch‐Furlanetto Tamara , Kartal‐Kaess Mutlu , Kuehni Claudia E. , Mader Luzius 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundCancer and its treatment may impair the body image of childhood cancer survivors during adolescence. We compared the body image between adolescent cancer survivors and their siblings, and determined whether survivors’ body image is associated with socio‐demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics and chronic health conditions.ProcedureAs part of the nationwide Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, we sent questionnaires to adolescents (aged 16–19 years), who survived >5 years after having been diagnosed with childhood cancer between 1989 and 2010. Siblings received the same questionnaire. We assessed the level of agreement with three body image statements referring to body satisfaction and preferences for changes. Chronic health conditions were classified into cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, musculoskeletal, renal/digestive, neurological and hearing or vision impairment. We used ordered logistic regression models to identify determinants of a more negative body image.ResultsOur study included 504 survivors (48% female) with a median age at study of 17.7 years (interquartile range: 16.8–18.6) and 136 siblings. Survivors and siblings reported overall comparable levels of agreement with body image statements (all p > .05). Female survivors (all odds ratio [ORs] ≥1.7), survivors treated with haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT; all ORs ≥2.2), and survivors with ≥2 chronic health conditions (all ORs ≥1.4) reported a more negative body image. This was particularly pronounced for survivors suffering from musculoskeletal or endocrine conditions.ConclusionFemale survivors, survivors treated with HSCT or with chronic health conditions are at risk of body image concerns during adolescence. Increased awareness among clinicians and targeted psychosocial support could mitigate such concerns.
In situ assembled C3N4/SiO2 nanohybrids for high comprehensive performance solution polymerized styrene‐butadiene rubber/butadiene rubber
Authors: Wang Zhongying , Wang Huan , Shen Xiaomei , Wang Qingfu , Wang Zhiqian , Wang Fanghui , Zhu Hong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, a series of C3N4/SiO2 nanohybrids were prepared and incorporated to solution polymerized styrene‐butadiene rubber/butadiene rubber (SSBR/BR) to prepare “green tire” tread rubber. As expected, C3N4/SiO2 nanohybrids are uniformly dispersed in SSBR/BR, and SiO2 possesses a small average particle size of ~15 nm. In addition, the interfacial interaction between C3N4/SiO2 nanohybrids and rubber matrix are significantly enhanced. Hence, the mechanical properties of C3N4/SiO2‐SSBR/BR nanocomposites are greatly improved. The tensile strength of 5% C3N4/SiO2‐SSBR/BR nanocomposites (5 wt% C3N4 in C3N4/SiO2) improved 1580% compared to pristine SSBR/BR. Furthermore, dynamic mechanical analyses indicate the increasing wet skid resistance (10.8% higher) and decreasing rolling resistance (50.5% lower) of 5% C3N4/SiO2‐SSBR/BR nanocomposites compared with SiO2‐SSBR/BR. In addition, the wear volume and heat built‐up are reduced at the same time. This work paves the way to prepare high comprehensive performance “green tire” and could be extend to the reinforcement of elastomer composites.
Research on properties of composite based on polyether sulfone/cyanate ester semi‐interpenetrating resin system
Authors: Xu Peijun , Wu Fan , Han Lei , Li Zhao , Guo Xinliang , Liu Ronghai , Chen Xiaoming , Zhang Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCyanate ester (CE) resin is usually used as high‐temperature resistant or microwave absorbing material in aerospace field because of its high‐glass transition temperature, low‐curing shrinkage, and excellent dielectric properties. However, CE resin has the disadvantages of high‐curing temperature, high brittleness, and poor toughness, which limits its application in the field of aerospace. In this article, CE resin is modified by high‐performance thermoplastic engineering plastic polyether sulfone (PES) to obtain a modified resin with excellent toughness. The thermoplastic/thermosetting semi‐interpenetrating network system formed by PES and CE resin can greatly improve the mechanical and thermal properties of PES modified CE resin. The results show that the flexural strength and impact toughness of CE resin castings modified with 10 wt% PES are 56% and 63% higher than those of CE resin castings. At 800°C, the retention weight of CE resin castings with 12.5 wt% PES content increased from 19.0% to 28.1%, which shows that the heat resistance of CE resin is greatly improved by PES. Compared with carbon fiber reinforced CE resin (CF/CE) unidirectional composite, the flexural strength of CF/CE‐P‐10 composite is increased from 1649.6 to 1959.8 MPa; the interlaminar shear strength is increased from 61.3 to 84.2 MPa; the impact strength is increased from 225.9 to 346.4 kJ/m2; and the interlaminar fracture toughness is increased from 5.34 to 11.38 J/m2.
Is DIA proteomics data FAIR? Current data sharing practices, available bioinformatics infrastructure and recommendations for the future
Authors: Jones Andrew R. , Deutsch Eric W. , Vizcaíno Juan Antonio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractData independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics techniques have matured enormously in recent years, thanks to multiple technical developments in, for example, instrumentation and data analysis approaches. However, there are many improvements that are still possible for DIA data in the area of the FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reusability) data principles. These include more tailored data sharing practices and open data standards since public databases and data standards for proteomics were mostly designed with DDA data in mind. Here we first describe the current state of the art in the context of FAIR data for proteomics in general, and for DIA approaches in particular. For improving the current situation for DIA data, we make the following recommendations for the future: (i) development of an open data standard for spectral libraries; (ii) make mandatory the availability of the spectral libraries used in DIA experiments in ProteomeXchange resources; (iii) improve the support for DIA data in the data standards developed by the Proteomics Standards Initiative; and (iv) improve the support for DIA datasets in ProteomeXchange resources, including more tailored metadata requirements.
Current advances in antibody‐based serum biomarker studies: From protein microarray to phage display
Authors: Qi Huan , Xue Jun‐biao , Lai Dan‐yun , Li Ang , Tao Sheng‐ce 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThis review aims to summarize the technological advances in the field of antibody‐based biomarker studies by proteome microarray and phage display. In addition, the possible development directions of this field are also discussed.Experimental designWe have focused on the antibody profiling by proteome microarray and phage display, including the technological advances, the tools/resources constructed, and the characteristics of both platforms.ResultsWith the help of tools/resources and technological advances in proteome microarray and phage display, the efficiency of profiling antibody‐based biomarkers in serum samples has been greatly improved.ConclusionsIn the past few years, proteome microarray and phage display, especially the latter one, have already demonstrated their capacity and efficiency for biomarker identification. In the near future, we believe that more antibody‐based biomarkers could be identified, and some of them could eventually be developed into real clinical applications.
Improvement of a Conserved Current Density Versus Adding a Total Derivative to a Lagrangian Density
Authors: Gieres François 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor classical relativistic field theory in Minkowski space‐time, the addition of a superpotential term to a conserved current density is trivial in the sense that it does not modify the local conservation law nor change the conserved charge, though it may allow us to obtain a current density with some improved properties. The addition of a total derivative term to a Lagrangian density is also trivial in the sense that it does not modify the equations of motion of the theory. These facts suggest that both operations are related and possibly equivalent to each other for any global symmetry of an action functional. We address this question following the study of two quite different (and well known) instances: the Callan‐Coleman‐Jackiw improvement of the canonical energy‐momentum tensor for scalar and vector fields (providing an on‐shell traceless energy‐momentum tensor) and the construction of a current density satisfying a zero curvature condition for two‐dimensional sigma models on deformed spaces (notably the squashed three‐sphere and warped AdS spaces). These instances correspond to fairly different implementations of the general results. An appendix addresses the precise relationship between the approaches to local conservation laws based on active and passive symmetry transformations, respectively.
Brazilian red propolis exerts a cytotoxic action against prostate cancer cells and upregulates human monocyte functions
Authors: Santiago Karina Basso , Rodrigues João Carlos Zamae , de Oliveira Cardoso Eliza , Conte Fernanda Lopes , Tasca Karen Ingrid , Romagnoli Graziela Gorete , Aldana‐Mejía Jennyfer Andrea , Bastos Jairo Kenupp , Sforcin José Maurício 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDifferent propolis samples can be obtained in Brazil, such as green, brown and red. Studies related to Brazilian red propolis (BRP) have increased in the last few years, so the aim of this study was to investigate its effects on the prostate cell lines LNCaP and PC‐3 and on human monocytes. BRP chemical composition was analyzed by HPLC‐DAD, the viability of monocyte and cancer cell by MTT assay. Cytokine production (TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10) by monocytes was quantitated by ELISA, the expression of cell markers (TLR‐2, TLR‐4, HLA‐DR, CD80) and reactive oxygen species by flow cytometry. The candidacidal activity and the effects of supernatant of treated monocytes on tumor cells were assessed. BRP affected LNCaP viability after 48 and 72 h, while PC‐3 cells were more resistant over time. BRP upregulated CD80 and HLA‐DR expression, and stimulated TNF‐α, IL‐6 and IL‐10 production. BRP enhanced the fungicidal activity of monocytes, displayed an antioxidant action and the supernatant of BRP‐treated monocytes diminished LNCaP viability. In the search for new immunomodulatory and antitumoral agents, BRP exerted a selective cytotoxic activity on prostate cancer cells and an immunomodulatory action, suggesting its potential for clinical trials with oncological patients and for the discovery of new immunomodulatory and antitumor drugs.
Divestment of relational assets following acquisitions: Evidence from thebiopharmaceuticalindustry
Authors: Tandon Vivek , Asgari Navid , Ranganathan Ram 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryWe examine whether acquisitions affect the divestment of firms' alliance‐based relational assets. Using data from the biopharmaceutical industry and a matched case–control research design, we find that alliances are more likely to be terminated following acquisitions compared to alliances not subject to acquisitions. This higher termination likelihood is driven by acquisitions where the acquirer's alliance management capacity is stressed, and by alliances inherited from targets. The inherited alliance effect is attenuated by the target's partner's common connections with the acquirer but amplified by the target's partner's unique connections outside the merging firms' alliance portfolios. These findings are consistent with our relational view‐based theorizing on the post‐acquisition challenges of retaining alliance‐based assets, contributing to corporate strategy scholarship on alliances and acquisitions.Managerial SummaryIn many industries, firms' portfolios of interorganizational alliances enable them to realize novel complementarities and, thereby, enhance their performance. In such sectors, managers also frequently acquire other organizations to obtain access to critical resources. However, what managers may overlook is that acquisitions can destabilize existing alliance relationships. In this study, we show that the acquiring firm's capacity to effectively manage alliance‐based assets is stressed once it inherits the target firm's alliances. In general, target firm alliances become more challenging to sustain, and, in particular, those that hold a higher potential for novelty become more unstable. Consequently, when evaluating acquisitions, managers should look beyond obvious measures of a target alliance's value and assess the post‐acquisition integration challenges that may threaten its stability.
Correlated Study of Material Interaction Between Capillary Printed Eutectic Gallium Alloys and Gold Electrodes
Authors: Hussain Navid , Scherer Torsten , Das Chittaranjan , Heuer Janis , Debastiani Rafaela , Gumbsch Peter , Aghassi‐Hagmann Jasmin , Hirtz Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLiquid metals (LMs) play a growing role in flexible electronics and connected applications. Here, LMs come into direct contact with metal electrodes thus allowing for corrosion and additional alloying, potentially compromising device stability. Nevertheless, comprehensive studies on the interfacial interaction of the materials are still sparse. Therefore, a correlated material interaction study of capillary‐printed Galinstan (eutetic alloy of Ga/In/Sn) with gold surfaces and electrodes is conducted. Comprehensive application of optical microscopy, vertical scanning interferometry, scanning electron microscopy/spectroscopy, x‐ray photon spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy allow for an in depth characterization of the spreading process of LM lines on gold films, revealing the differential spread of the different LM components and the formation of intermetallic nanostructures on the surface of the surrounding gold film. A model for the growth process based on the penetration of LM along the gold film grain boundaries is proposed based on the obtained time‐dependent characterization. The distribution of gold, Galinstan, and intermetallic phases in a gold wire dipped into LM is observed using X‐ray nano tomography as a complementary view on the internal nanostructure. Finally, resistance measurements on LM lines connecting gold electrodes over time allow to estimate the influence on the material interaction on electronic applications.
Template‐Directed Synthesis of Colloidal Hollow Particles: Mind the Material Used for the Template
Authors: Qiu Jichuan , Shang Yuxin , Xu Jianchang , Xia Younan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe dissolution of a polymeric solid typically starts with the absorption of solvent molecules, followed by swelling and volume expansion. Only when the extent of swelling reaches a threshold can the polymer chains be disentangled and then dissolved into the solvent. When the polymeric solid is encapsulated in a rigid shell, the swelling process will be impeded. Despite the widespread use of this process, it is rarely discussed in the literature how the polymeric solid is dissolved from the core for the generation of colloidal hollow particles. Recent studies have started to shed light on the mechanistic details involved in the formation of hollow particles through a template‐directed process. Depending on the nature of the material used for the template, the removal of the template may involve different mechanisms and pathways, leading to the formation of distinct products. Here, a number of examples are used to illustrate this important phenomenon that is largely neglected in the literature. This article also discusses how the swelling of a polymeric template encapsulated in a rigid shell can be leveraged to fabricate new types of functional colloidal particles.
Silver nanoparticles synthesized by Euphorbia hirta exhibited antibacterial activity and induced apoptosis through downregulation of PI3Kγ mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells
Authors: Ramachandran Rajalakshmi , Parthasarathy Ramya , Dhayalan Sangeetha 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPlant extracts were successfully applied to synthesize nanoparticles, and expected such biological processes of effective for chemotherapeutic applications and safe for human use. Our study planned to evaluate the anticancer efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized by Euphorbia hirta on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. The E. hirta synthesized Eh‐AgNPs was investigated by UV‐spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy examination. The bactericidal efficacy of Eh‐AgNPs was studied by the agar well method, and the cytotoxicity on A549 cells was assessed by MTT assay. Results showed that Eh‐AgNPs exhibited effective antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens, established dose‐dependent cytotoxicity on A549 cells, and persuaded apoptosis, as evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation and decreased levels of antioxidants. Eh‐AgNPs significantly increased the early apoptosis in A549 cells in a concentration‐dependent way. The Eh‐AgNPs administration reduced the Bcl‐2 expression; however, it increased the expression of p53, Bax, cleaved caspase‐3 and ‐9 apoptotic members. Eh‐AgNPs treatment reduced PI3Kγ, phospho‐PI3K, phospho‐Akt, phospho‐mTOR, and p70S6K levels. The obtained results demonstrated that the Eh‐AgNPs induce reactive oxygen species‐mediated apoptosis by expressing p53, Bax, and inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway.
Commercial vaccines used in China do not protect against a novel infectious bursal disease virus variant isolated in Fujian
Authors: Hou Bo , Wang Chen‐Yan , Luo Zhong‐Bao , Shao Guo‐Qing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince 2018, atrophy of the bursa has been found among vaccinated chickens with high antibody titres against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in Fujian, China, suggesting poor vaccine efficacy against circulating IBDV strains.MethodsNovel IBDV strains were isolated, and vp2 and vp1 genes were sequenced and used to carry out phylogenetic analysis. Pathogenicity was investigated using 21‐day‐old specific pathogen‐free (SPF) chickens. In addition, the effectiveness of current commercial vaccines used in China was evaluated against the isolated novel IBDV strains.ResultsSix IBDV isolates were successfully obtained, which formed an independent cluster and belonged to genotype A2dB1, based on phylogenetic analysis of the vp2 and vp1 genes. The pathogenicity of the novel IBDV FJ2019‐01 isolate in 21‐day‐old SPF chickens was characterised by severe atrophy of the bursa and a largely decreased number of lymphocytes, atrophy of the follicle and broadening of mesenchyme in the bursa 3–23 days after infection. Unfortunately, all vaccinated chickens with high antibody titres against IBDV also developed atrophy and largely decreased lymphocytes in the bursa, as in the unvaccinated birds challenged with FJ2019‐01. Furthermore, high viral loads of FJ2019‐01 were detected in the bursa of all vaccinated chickens.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that current commercial IBDV vaccines used in China did not provide protection against novel IBDV variants.