bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micronutrient intake and associated factors among school adolescent girls in Meshenti Town, Bahir Dar City Administration, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Ayal Birtukan Gizachew , Demilew Yeshalem Mulugeta , Derseh Hunegnaw Almaw , Kidie Atitegeb Abera 
Published: November 2022

Background
Adolescent girls have a greater nutrient demand and their poor dietary intake is associated with micronutrient deficiencies and poor maternal outcomes. Having information on micronutrient intake inadequacy in adolescent girls is critical for promoting healthy behavior and breaking the cycle of intergenerational malnutrition. Thus, this study assessed overall micronutrient intake inadequacy and associated factors among school adolescent girls in Meshenti town of Bahir Dar City Administration, North West Ethiopia.

Methods
A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 401 adolescent girls from February 7 to 23, 2020. A Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. A multiple-pass 24-hour dietary recall with portion size estimation method and recommended dietary allowance cut-off point were used to assess micronutrient intake inadequacy. Overall micronutrient intake inadequacy was measured using the mean adequacy ratio. Nutrient databases were developed by ESHA FOOD PROCESSOR version 8.1 software. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify determinants of overall micronutrient intake inadequacy and an adjusted odds ratio at a p-value of less than 0.05 was used to see the strength of statistical association.

Results
The prevalence of overall micronutrient intake inadequacy was 44.4% (95% CI: 39.7%-49.6%). Early adolescent age (AOR: 2.75, 95% CI: 1.71–4.42), food-insecure household (1.74, 95%CI: 1.087–2.784), low dietary diversity score (AOR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.35–5.92), and high peer pressure on eating and body concern (AOR = 1.853, 95% CI: 1.201–2.857) were significantly associated factors with overall micronutrient intake inadequacy.

Conclusion
Findings of this study revealed that micronutrient intake inadequacy among adolescent girls was a high public health problem in the study area. Therefore, attention should be given to adolescent girls of the study area, especially the ones in the early adolescent age. Interventions should also focus on nutrition-sensitive activities to address food insecurity, a less diversified diet, and the negative impact of peer influence.
Periprocedural Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Receiving a Direct Oral Anticoagulant Undergoing a Digestive Endoscopy
Authors: Hansen-Barkun Christopher , Martel Myriam , Douketis James , Abraham Neena S. , Liederman Zachary , Kaplovitch Eric , Schulman Sam , Spyropoulos Alex C. , Majid Almadi , Barkun Alan N. 
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION:The periprocedural management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) using a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) undergoing elective gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic procedure remains uncertain. We investigated the safety of a standardized periprocedural DOAC management strategy.METHODS:The Periprocedural Anticoagulation Use for Surgery Evaluation cohort study enrolled adult patients receiving a DOAC (apixaban, rivaroxaban, or dabigatran) for AF scheduled for an elective procedure or surgery. This analysis addresses patients undergoing digestive endoscopy. Standardized periprocedural management consisted of DOAC interruption 1 day preendoscopy with resumption 1 day after procedure at low-moderate risk of bleeding or 2 days in case of a high bleeding risk. Thirty-day outcomes included GI bleeding, thromboembolic events, and mortality.RESULTS:Of 556 patients on a DOAC (mean [SD] age of 72.5 [8.6] years; 37.4% female; mean CHADS2score 1.7 [1.0]), 8.6% were also on American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) and 0.7% on clopidogrel. Most of the patients underwent colonoscopies (63.3%) or gastroscopies (14.0%), with 18.9% having both on the same procedural day. The mean total duration of DOAC interruption was 3.9 ± 1.6 days. Four patients experienced an arterial thromboembolic event (0.7%, 0.3%–1.8%) within 24.2 ± 5.9 days of DOAC interruption. GI bleeding events occurred in 2.5% (1.4%–4.2%) within 11.1 ± 8.1 days (range: 0.6; 25.5 days) of endoscopy, with major GI bleeding in 0.9% (0.4%–2.1%). Three patients died (0.5%; 0.2%–1.6%) 15.6–22.3 days after the endoscopy.DISCUSSION:After a contemporary standardized periprocedural management strategy, patients with AF undergoing DOAC therapy interruption for elective digestive endoscopy experienced low rates of arterial thromboembolism and major bleeding.
A Multimodal Multipath Artificial Intelligence System for Diagnosing Gastric Protruded Lesions on Endoscopy and Endoscopic Ultrasonography Images
Authors: Zhu Chang , Hua Yifei , Zhang Min , Wang Yun , Li Wenjie , Ding Yanbing , She Qiang , Zhang Weifeng , Si Xinmin , Kong Zihao , Liu Baiyun , Chen Weidao , Wu Jiangfen , Dang Yini , Zhang Guoxin 
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION:
The aim of this study was to develop a novel artificial intelligence (AI) system that can automatically detect and classify protruded gastric lesions and help address the challenges of diagnostic accuracy and inter-reader variability encountered in routine diagnostic workflow.

METHODS:
We analyzed data from 1,366 participants who underwent gastroscopy at Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital and Yangzhou First People's Hospital between December 2010 and December 2020. These patients were diagnosed with submucosal tumors (SMTs) including gastric stromal tumors (GISTs), gastric leiomyomas (GILs), and gastric ectopic pancreas (GEP). We trained and validated a multimodal, multipath AI system (MMP-AI) using the data set. We assessed the diagnostic performance of the proposed AI system using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) and compared its performance with that of endoscopists with more than 5 years of experience in endoscopic diagnosis.

RESULTS:
In the ternary classification task among subtypes of SMTs using modality images, MMP-AI achieved the highest AUCs of 0.896, 0.890, and 0.999 for classifying GIST, GIL, and GEP, respectively. The performance of the model was verified using both external and internal longitudinal data sets. Compared with endoscopists, MMP-AI achieved higher recognition accuracy for SMTs.

DISCUSSION:
We developed a system called MMP-AI to identify protruding benign gastric lesions. This system can be used not only for white-light endoscope image recognition but also for endoscopic ultrasonography image analysis.
Bielefeld May In Fact Not Exist – Empirical Evidence From Official Population Data
Authors: Winter Patrick 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The “Bielefeld conspiracy” has long disputed the existence of Bielefeld, a (supposed) German city. In this paper, an approach is developed to test such a theory empirically by auditing officially reported population numbers, arguing that real cities would not fake these. It is shown that Bielefeld’s data, in fact, violate the Benford law, a statistical law that they should follow if they were genuine. This anomaly is found only for Bielefeld, in contrast to all other tested similar and dissimilar cities, across two decades, and with highest significance by five statistical tests. The Bielefeld conspiracy remains as the most or even only plausible explanation for these findings.
Reception of the Bible in Rabbinic Liturgy: Expression and Interpretation
Authors: Kaunfer Elie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis essay explores two questions: How is the Bible received and expressed in classical rabbinic Jewish liturgy? What is the implication for the understanding and interpretation of Jewish prayer, given the role of the Bible in the liturgy? We will review the prevailing theories of the Bible’s reception in the liturgy and classify the different forms of this reception. We will then explore the implications for interpretation of liturgy by analyzing a piece of the daily Jewish liturgy—the first blessing of the amidah.
Design and analysis of high-speed data optical fiber communication system through EDFA amplifier system
Authors: Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Altahan Baraa Riyadh , Manasavenna Thaticharla , Ahammad S. K. Hasane , Priya P. Poorna , Krishna M. Rama , Hossain Md. Amzad , Smirani Lassaad K. , Nabil Ashraf Ali 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study presented design and analysis of high-speed data optical fiber communication system through EDFA amplifier system. The design with practical data for parameters to maximize the transmission bit-rate is clarified. The bit rate distance product can be optimized for the improvement of performance of high-speed long haul repeater spacing with amplification technique. The basic amplification system for optical fiber communication system is clarified. Transmitter/receiver components with the circuit connections and the operation are also indicated in details. The practical circuit model of the transmitter and receiver are designed clearly in this work. The design of distribution maps to measure the Q factor and minimum bit error rate and many different simulation models for applied to achieve high-speed data optical fiber communication system.
Slags from Bronze Age copper production in Acqua Fredda
Authors: Haubner R. , Strobl S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
So-called “plate slags” from the archaeological Bronze Age copper smelting site Acqua Fredda were examined. What was common to all the examined slags was that their compositions, once converted and plotted on the FeO-SiO2-CaO phase diagram, were located at the phase boundary between olivine and wollastonite, resulting in melting temperatures of approx. 1100 °C for the slags. Slags with a composition which fall within the olivine region exhibit long, thin olivine crystals in a glassy matrix. Slags in the wollastonite region have a very fine-grained structure, making phase identification impossible. The copper-containing inclusions in the slag mainly consist of Fe-poor Cu2S, but FeO and SiO2 may also be present.
General assertions about the local copper production in Acqua Fredda should not be made based on the slag analyses conducted in this study.
Microstructure of an extraordinary Bronze Age copper ingot with a high antimony content
Authors: Haubner R. , Strobl S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Cu ingot from Velem contains approximately 10 wt.% Sb, 4.5 wt.% As, 1.2 wt.% S and Ag, as well as other trace elements in an amount below 0.2 percent by weight. A Cu2S band running virtually across the entire width of the ingot suggests that it was formed by the reaction of molten Cu with antimonite (Sb2S3). Remarkably, the generated cutting surface was not copper-colored but had a silvery appearance which, however, can be attributed to the high Sb content. The metallographic examinations revealed a very inhomogeneous structural composition of the ingot. Large areas consist of dendritically solidified Cu, while the interdendritic areas are characterized by mixtures of different phases of the elements Cu-Sb-As-S.
Metallography on a sickle fragment from the Drassburg/Burgenland hoard find
Authors: Haubner R. , Strobl S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Drassburg Bronze Age hoard find (approx. 25 kg) also comprises some sickles and sickle fragments. One of these sickle fragments was provided for metallographic examinations. A XRF analysis revealed 94.5 wt.% Cu, 4.31 wt.% Sn, 0.61 wt.% Pb, and 0.12 wt.% S in the alloy. It can therefore be attributed to tin bronzes.
The material has a uniform dendritic microstructure. Higher concentrations of Sn, S, and Pb were measured in the interdendritic areas. This suggests a precipitation of the phases Pb and Cu2S from the residual melt. Klemm II etching also revealed the dendritic areas which exhibited different orientations.
Deformations were observed in thin edge areas of the sickle fragments. They were introduced in the course of mechanical postprocessing of the bronze or during its use.
The surface of the sickle exhibits a patina with a layered structure and a thickness of up to 500 μm. The Sn contents measured in the outer layers are somewhat higher than in the inner layers.
Radiation attenuation attributes for BaO-TiO2-SiO2-GeO2 glass series: a comprehensive study using Phy-X software
Authors: Abualsayed Mohammad Ibrahim 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The radiation-shielding attributes of six glass samples with BaO-TiO2-SiO2-GeO2 compositions were examined. Using the Phy-X software, the radiation shielding factors for the proposed glasses were reported. The transmission factor (TF) was calculated for various glass thicknesses, and the findings showed that the TF reduces as the glass thickness increases. The transmission of the photon decreased for BTGS55 from 0.83 to 0.49 at 0.284 MeV and from 0.93 to 0.73 at 0.826 MeV as the sample thickness increased from 0.4 to 1.6 cm. The findings of the radiation protection efficiency (RPE) indicated that a thick glass sample absorbs more photons, suggesting that less radiation passes through the glass, improving RPE. Furthermore, the BTGS0 glass has a higher RPE than the BTGS55 glass, indicating that the glass is more effective at blocking incoming radiation when it contains more GeO2. The BTGS55 sample has the lowest RPE and the greatest TF, whereas the BTGS0 glass has the highest RPE and lowest TF. The tenth value layer (TVL) was also obtained, and it was found that TVL rises with energy, peaking at 1.33 MeV and varied from 9.437 to 11.519 cm. The minimal TVL, in contrast, is estimated to range between 3.245 and 3.890 cm and it occurs at 0.284 MeV BTGS0 has the lowest TVL after the addition of GeO2, which lowers the TVL.
Deformed Dirac and Shrödinger Equations with Improved Mie-Type Potential for Diatomic Molecules and Fermionic Particles in the Framework of Extended Quantum Mechanics Symmetries
Authors: Maireche A. 
Published: November 2022

In this study, the bound-state solutions of the deformed Dirac equation (DDE) have been determined with the improved Mie-type potential including an improved Coulomb-like tensor potential (IMTPICLP) under the condition of the spin or pseudospin symmetry in the extended relativistic quantum mechanics (ERQM) symmetries. The IMTPICLP model includes a combination of the terms 1/r3 and 1/r4 which coupled with the couplings (LΘ and L̃︀Θ) between the physical properties of the system with the topological deformations of space-space. In the framework of the parametric Bopp’s shift method and standard perturbation theory, the new relativistic and nonrelativistic energy eigenvalues for the improved Mietype potential have been found. The new obtained values appeared sensitive to the quantum numbers (j, k, l,̃︀ l, s, s,̃︀ m, m̃︀ ), the mixed potential depths (A, B, C, α), and noncommutativity parameters (Θ, σ, χ). The new energy spectra of the improved Kratzer–Fues potential within an improved Coulomb-like tensor interaction and the improved modified Kratzer potential within the Coulomb-like tensor interaction have been derived as particular cases of IMTPICLP. We recovered the usual relativistic and nonrelativistic results from the literature by applying the three simultaneous limits (Θ, σ, χ) → (0, 0, 0). One can notice that our results are in close agreement with the recent studies.
Компенсація ізотопних ефектів при ближній сольватації однозарядних іонів у легкій та важкій воді
Authors: Bulavin V.I. , Vyunnik I.N. 
Published: November 2022

Коефiцiєнт дифузiї (︀Di0)︀ i мiкроскопiчнi характеристики довжини (︀d)︀, часу (т) i швидкостi (V) дифузiйного змiщення 18 однозарядних iонiв (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, Me4N+, Et4N+, Pr4N+, Bu4N+, F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, ClO-3 , ClO-4 , BrO-3, IO-3 , IO-4 , OBz-) у важкiй та легкiй водi при 283,15 К i 298,15 К розраховано з лiтературних даних щодо граничної молярної електричної провiдностi цих iонiв. Iз застосуванням запропонованого нами параметра (d-ri), (ri – структурний радiус iона), визначено тип сольватацiї цих iонiв: позитивна, якщо параметр (d - ri) > 0; негативна – при значеннях (d - ri) < 0. Розраховано та проаналiзовано iзотопнi ефекти розчинника (IЕР) при замiнi H → D у H2O: коефiцiєнта дифузiї iонiв D0iH/D0iD, довжини dH/dD, часу тH/тD i швидкостi VH/VD трансляцiйного їх змiщення та IЕР в’язкостi розчинника nD0/nH0. Встановлено, що у випадку IЕР D0iH/D0iD або VH/VD вiдхилення вiд 1 становить до 25,0–25,9%, а для IЕР ближньої сольватацiї dH/dD – на порядок нижче. Пояснення цих фактiв проведене на пiдставi одержаного нами рiвняння, у якому IЕР dH/dD є добутком зворотних IЕР nD0/nH0 i D0iH/D0iD. Низькi значення dH/dD зумовленi протилежним характером впливу цих спiвмножникiв, що вказує на компенсацiю мiжмолекулярних та iон-молекулярних взаємодiй, якi визначають ближню сольватацiю однозарядних iонiв у H2O та D2O I свiдчать про значний вплив на останню розчинника.
Combatting violence against African foreign nationals: A criminological approach towards community safety in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa
Authors: Cinini Samuel Fikiri , Mkhize Sazelo 
Published: November 2022

South Africa has seen waves of collective xenophobic violence and daily criminal attacks targeting foreign migrants. This study interviewed foreign nationals from African countries living in Durban. Through the lens of strain theory, it explores possible solutions to combat violence against foreign nationals in South Africa. The findings suggest the need to address poverty, socioeconomic integration, community participation, and skills. This will reduce strain and build social cohesion.
The government should also revise the Immigration Act to accommodate foreign nationals who legally find themselves within its borders. This revision should take into consideration the suffering of foreigners and reduce any restrictive measures that limit their socioeconomic integration.
Normal left pulmonary inferior lobe in abnormal systemic circulation arterial supply
Authors: Weiqiang Yan , Zhidong Yuan , Musen Ye , Sijia Zuo , Guanxun Cheng 
Published: November 2022

Normal left pulmonary inferior lobe in abnormal systemic circulation arterial supply without sequestration is a rare malformation of congenital lung vascular. Multi-Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) and it’s Three-Dimensional (3D) reconstruction can display clearly the signs of the abnormal systemic circulation arterial supply to the lung lobe and the imaging changes of the left pulmonary inferior lobe associated with this disorder, it can provide detailed information for the clinician to make the treatment planning.
Utility of first trimester ultrasound before 12 weeks of gestation at tertiary care centre in western India
Authors: Mehta Shital T. , Yadava Pushpa A. , Jani Shashwat K. , Solanki Tejas V. , Patel Aastha H. , Mehta Sweta D. , Shyara Ashish J. , Rawal Dhwani R. , Patel Dhruvi R. 
Published: November 2022

Background: The first trimester begins on the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) and lasts until the end of 12 weeks of gestation. Transvaginal ultrasound is modality of choice for establishing the presence of an intrauterine pregnancy in the first trimester. The focus of our study is routine early pregnancy ultrasound. The purpose of this study was to diagnose various conditions of pregnancy at an early stage by using ultrasound.Methods: We conducted retrospective data analysis of random 250 pregnant patients who had undergone first-trimester ultrasonography USG) (transvaginal/abdominal) in their first antenatal visit at S.V.P. Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India from March 2021 to February 2022. The patient was selected by a simple randomized method. Maternal age, parity, gestational age, and special features regarding maternal gestational history were compared with USG findings. Patients were divided into 13 groups on the basis of ultrasonographic diagnosis.Results: We noted 76.8% of patients had single, viable, intrauterine pregnancies, while 23.2% had complicated pregnancies with uterine anomalies, ovarian cysts, leiomyoma, caesarean scar pregnancy or subchorionic hematomas.Conclusions: Ultrasound measurement of fetus in first trimester is most accurate method to confirm gestational age. It is less expensive and easily available modality. First-trimester ultrasound is useful to define embryonic landmarks in developmental stages with reference to gestational age, early diagnosis of miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, molar pregnancy, multifetal pregnancy, major fetal malformation. And also, to diagnose pregnancy with leiomyoma, caesarean scar pregnancy, uterine anomaly and pre-eclampsia with the help of uterine artery PI.
Correlation of levels of early second trimester beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels with severity of preeclampsia
Authors: Kumari Shilpa , Chaudhary Gunjan 
Published: November 2022

Background: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy remains a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality all over the world as per World Health Organization (WHO), affecting 5-10% of all pregnant women. Screening women at an early stage and preventing complications are corner stone in the management of pre-eclampsia. Several studies have proven the reliability of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) as predictor of preeclampsia. In this study we aim to find the correlation of increasing levels of β-hCG with severity of preeclampsia.Methods: In this study serum β-hCG estimation was done in 200 pregnant women between 13 and 20 weeks of gestation, selected randomly over a period of 1 year attending antenatal clinic by quantitative determination of β-hCG by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay. Multiple of median (MOM) is calculated from charts of norms available. They were followed till delivery for development of pre-eclampsia. The following patients were followed up till delivery. Blood parameters, blood pressure readings, were done at 34 weeks for every patient and maternal complications were noted and results were analysed statistically.Results: The incidence of preeclampsia in this study population was 8% (16 out of 200). This study found a significant correlation between increasing levels of MOM’s of β-hCG with the severity of preeclampsia.Conclusions: In this study, there was significant association between MOM values of β-hCG with the parameters defining severity of preeclampsia. The results of our study show β-hCG to be not only a reliable marker for prediction of preeclampsia, but also its severity.