bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aging Successfully in the Changing Norwegian Welfare State: A Policy Analysis Framed by Critical Gerontology
Authors: Blix Bodil H , Ågotnes Gudmund 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
In the 21st century, the future of the Norwegian welfare state is broadly debated. In Norway, as in other countries, concerns regarding the sustainability and affordability of the welfare state in light of the projected population development have been voiced in public and academic discourse, and not least in governmental statements and documents. Because we consider texts, such as government white papers, as both products and producers of discursively based understandings of the social world, a close examination of policy documents can provide insight into the predominant understanding of a distinct phenomenon in a specific society at a particular point in time.

Research Design and Methods
The article is based on a critical discourse analysis of 3 recent Norwegian government policy documents addressing the older adult population.

Results
We demonstrate that prominent ideas from the widely contested successful aging paradigm are embedded and forwarded in current Norwegian policies, where ideas about successful and healthy aging produced and reproduced in the documents frame and shape expectations toward older adults.

Discussion and Implications
We argue that the ideas and ideals of successful aging and neoliberalism in parallel pave the way for changes in the historically generous and comprehensive Norwegian social democratic welfare state. For decision makers, the rhetoric of successful aging that emphasizes activity, productivity, self-reliance, and freedom of choice is undoubtedly more convenient to communicate to the public than explicit arguments for the necessity of downscaling public services.
PARP1 and OGG1 in Medicated Patients With Depression and the Response to ECT
Authors: Ryan Karen M , McLoughlin Declan M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Oxidative stress and oxidation-induced DNA damage may contribute to the pathophysiology of depression. Two key mediators of base excision repair (BER) in response to oxidative damage of DNA are OGG1 and PARP1. Few studies have examined changes in OGG1 or PARP1 mRNA in patients with depression or following antidepressant treatment. We examined PARP1 and OGG1 mRNA levels in patients with depression at baseline/pre-electroconvulsive therapy (baseline/pre-ECT) vs in healthy controls and in patients following a course of ECT.

Methods
PARP1 and OGG1 were examined in whole blood samples from medicated patients with depression and controls using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Exploratory subgroup correlational analyses were performed to determine associations between PARP1 and OGG1 and mood (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 24-item version) scores as well as with vitamin B3, SIRT1, PGC1α, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels, as previously reported on in this cohort.

Results
PARP1 levels were reduced in samples from patients with depression vs controls (P = .03), though no difference was noted in OGG1. ECT had no effect on PARP1 or OGG1. Higher baseline PARP1 weakly correlated with greater mood improvement post ECT (P = .008). Moreover, PARP1 positively correlated with SIRT1 at baseline and post ECT, and positive correlations were noted between change in PARP1 and change in OGG1 with change in tumor necrosis factor alpha post ECT.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of ECT on BER enzymes. A better understanding of BER enzymes and DNA repair in depression could unearth new mechanisms relevant to the pathophysiology of this condition and novel antidepressant treatments.
Gamification in pharmacy education: a systematic quantitative literature review
Authors: Hope Denise L , Grant Gary D , Rogers Gary D , King Michelle A 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesGamification involves applying game attributes to non-game contexts and its educational use is increasing. It is essential to review the outcomes and the efficacy of gamification to identify evidence to support its use in pharmacy education.This articlesystematically and quantitatively reviews and evaluates the alignment of learning outcomes and the quality of peer-reviewed literature reporting gamification in pharmacy education.Key findingsA literature search was undertaken in February 2022 using CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus and ERIC databases, via keywords (game* OR gaming OR gamif*) AND pharmac* AND education. Google Scholar was searched using ‘gamification of pharmacy education’ and ‘serious games in pharmacy education’. Data extracted included type of gamified intervention, mode of delivery, game fidelity, intended learning outcomes and outcomes reported. Quality assessments aligned with key aspects of the SQUIRE-EDU Reporting Guidelines. Of 759 abstracts and 95 full-text papers assessed, 66 articles met the inclusion criteria. They described gamification from 12 countries in the education of 8272 pharmacy and health professional students. Gamified interventions ranged from board games to immersive simulations, with escape rooms most frequently reported. Reporting quality was inconsistent, with observed misalignment between intended learning outcomes and outcomes reported, an apparent overreliance on student perceptions as primary data and a lack of reference to reporting guidelines.SummaryGamification is included in the curricula of many pharmacy degrees, across multiple subject areas. This review identified evidence gaps and reinforces the need for improved quality of gamification research, critical alignment of learning outcomes with evaluation, and use of reporting guidelines.
Realisation of Bending Measured Laminations by Kleinian Surface Groups
Authors: Baba Shinpei , Ohshika Ken’ichi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
For geometrically finite Kleinian surface groups, Bonahon and Otal proved the existence part, and partly the uniqueness part of the bending lamination conjecture. In this paper, we generalise the existence part to general Kleinian surface groups including geometrically infinite ones. Along the way, we also prove the compactness of the set of Kleinian surface groups realising an arbitrarily fixed data of bending laminations and ending laminations. Our proof is independent of that of Bonahon and Otal.
Combined baseline HBcrAg and end-of-treatment HBsAg predict HBV relapse after entecavir or tenofovir cessation
Authors: Tseng Tzu-Ning , Jeng Wen-Juei , Hu Tsung-Hui , Wang Jing-Houng , Hung Chao-Hung , Lu Sheng-Nan , Chen Chien-Hung 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
For patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), the optimal stopping criteria for entecavir or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate treatment remain unclear.

Methods
This study recruited CHB patients with levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) &lt;100 IU/mL at the end of treatment (EOT) from Kaohsiung (n = 190) and Linkou (n = 188) Chang Gung Memorial Hospitals for use as development and validation groups, respectively.

Results
In the development group, 108 patients with HBsAg ≤40 IU/mL were used for analysis of predictors of HBV relapse and HBsAg loss. Multivariate analysis showed that age, nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA)-experienced status, baseline hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) and HBsAg at EOT were associated independently with virological and clinical relapse. An HBsAg level of 20 IU/mL at EOT was the best cut-off value for minimizing HBV relapse. Patients with EOT HBsAg ≤20 IU/mL had lower virological and clinical relapse rates and higher HBsAg loss rates than those with EOT HBsAg 21–40 IU/mL and HBsAg 41–100 IU/mL in the development and validation groups. The virological and clinical relapse rates were very low (5-year rates: 6.5% and 0%, respectively) and HBsAg loss rate was very high (5-year rate: 81.7%) in patients with a combination of baseline HBcrAg ≤4 log U/mL and EOT HBsAg ≤20 IU/mL in the development group.

Conclusions
A combination of baseline HBcrAg ≤4 log U/mL and EOT HBsAg level ≤20 IU/mL might reduce the risk of HBV relapse and increase HBsAg loss rate, and might be helpful for off-NA follow-up strategy.
Dam parity affects fetal growth, placental size, and neonatal metabolism in spring-born beef calves
Authors: Duncan Natalie B , Stoecklein Katy S , Foote Andrew P , Meyer Allison M 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo determine effects of dam parity on perinatal nutrient availability in beef cattle, data and samples were collected from 18 primiparous and 35 multiparous spring-calving Sim-Angus dams and their calves. Time to stand was recorded and neonatal vigor assessed. Jugular blood was collected from a subset of calves at 0 (post-standing and pre-suckling) 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of age, and blood chemistry panels were completed. Expelled placentas were dissected, dried, and weighed. Prepartum maternal circulating glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides, and urea N were analyzed. All statistical models included the fixed effect of dam parity, and calf sex (when P ≤ 0.25) was included for calf and placental variables. Effects of sampling hour, and parity × hour were included for calf metabolites over time using repeated measures. Multiparous dams had greater body weight prepartum (P &lt; 0.001) but similar (P = 0.25) body condition score. Maternal circulating urea N and triglycerides were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in multiparous dams pre-calving. Calves born to primiparous dams weighed 10% less (P ≤ 0.04) at birth with smaller (P ≤ 0.01) heart and abdominal girths. Cotyledonary, intercotyledonary, and total placental masses were less (P ≤ 0.05) for primiparous dams. Dam parity did not affect (P ≥ 0.58) calf time to stand, vigor score at 10 min, or rectal temperature. Serum glucose was greater (P = 0.03) at 0 h but less (P ≤ 0.04) at all other hours in calves from primiparous dams. Calves from primiparous dams had greater (P ≤ 0.02) serum NEFA at 6, 12, and 24 h although plasma triglycerides were greater (P &lt; 0.001) at 6 h. Calves from primiparous dams had greater (P ≤ 0.04) serum urea N at 12 h and creatinine at 12 and 24 h. Plasma insulin was greater (P ≤ 0.04) in calves from multiparous dams at 12, 48, and 72 h, but parity did not affect (P ≥ 0.18) serum total protein or plasma cortisol. Serum aspartate aminotransferase was greater (P ≤ 0.04) at 6 and 24 h, creatine kinase was greater at 24 h, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was less (P ≤ 0.04) at 6, 12, and 24 h, for calves from primiparous dams. Calves born to primiparous dams had greater (P ≤ 0.02) total bilirubin and direct bilirubin at 12 and 24 h. Data indicate that calves born to first-parity heifers had decreased perinatal nutrient availability, resulting in reduced fetal and placental growth, as well as greater energy reserve mobilization and metabolic indicators of stress as neonates.
Intuitive approach for design of inner structure by mimicking magnetic effect
Authors: Kam Dong Uk , Lee Kunwoo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printers enable the realization of parts with complex shapes, particularly parts with an internal structure as well as an external shape. They are beginning to be used in real production as well as for prototyping. Because 3D printers allow shapes for parts that could not be imagined when conventional machining processes were the only fabrication methods, designers need to design porous parts with minimum weights that can maintain the required load-bearing capability without concerns about the realization of those parts. However, designers cannot design the internal structure of the parts using the current computer-aided design systems as freely as they can design the external shape. Therefore, in this paper, an intuitive design tool is proposed for users to interactively design an internal structure inside given external shape. To create a porous structure inside given closed volume, we aimed to generate a honeycomb-like structure comprising cells whose size and crowdedness can be intuitively manipulated by a designer. Thus, fine cells exist in certain regions, while coarse cells exist in the remaining regions according to the design. To realize this aim, the phenomenon in which more iron particles are attracted near a magnet and fewer are attracted further away from the magnet is imitated. More and finer honeycomb-like cells are attracted near a magnet located on the external surface of the closed volume. The designer can add magnets and move them on the external surface until the desired internal honeycomb-like structure is obtained.
Accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy with 3 Gy per fraction for central/ultra-central lung tumors: toxicity to mediastinal organs
Authors: Ito Kei , Minakami Shota , Nakajima Yujiro , Karasawa Katsuyuki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAccelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy with 3 Gy per fraction is routinely performed for central lung tumors in Japan. However, the tolerable doses to mediastinal organs at risk during this procedure are unclear. This study aimed to clarify the rate of toxicities and tolerable doses to mediastinal organs.MethodsPatients treated with accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy using a total dose of 60–75 Gy, with 3 Gy per fraction, for central lung tumors (July 2009–April 2021) were retrospectively reviewed. We extracted patients who received ≥30 Gy irradiation to each mediastinal organ and analyzed dosimetric factors, including doses to 0.03, 0.5, 1, 4 and 10 mL of each organ, in relation to grade 3–5 toxicities, except for radiation pneumonitis.ResultsIn total, 251 organs in 91 (ultra-central, 24) lesions were analyzed, with a median follow-up duration of 26 months (range, 4–94). The prescribed doses were 75/72/69/66/63/60 Gy for 52/14/16/3/2/4 lesions, respectively. Grade 3 bronchopulmonary hemorrhage was confirmed in two (2.2%) patients, whose tumors were located ultra-centrally. The two patients with toxicity received up to 74.5 and 71.6 Gy to the bronchus. Among patients who received 70 Gy or more to the bronchus, the incidence rate was 7% (2/28 patients).ConclusionThe rate of severe toxicities was low (2.2%). Although we did not identify the dose tolerance of the organs, because of the low incidence rate, we did note that doses of &gt;70 Gy to the bronchus were likely to cause bronchopulmonary hemorrhage.
Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of colorectal cancer precursors: results from 3 prospective cohorts
Authors: Hang Dong , Wang Lu , Fang Zhe , Du Mengxi , Wang Kai , He Xiaosheng , Khandpur Neha , Rossato Sinara L , Wu Kana , Hu Zhibin , Shen Hongbing , Ogino Shuji , Chan Andrew T , Giovannucci Edward L , Zhang Fang Fang , Song Mingyang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Growing evidence indicates the adverse effect of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption. However, it remains unknown whether UPF consumption influences the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) precursors, namely conventional adenomas and serrated lesions.

Methods
We drew data from the Nurses’ Health Study, Nurses’ Health Study II, and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, comprising 142 052 participants who had undergone at least 1 lower gastrointestinal endoscopy during follow-up. To handle multiple records per participants, we used multivariable logistic regression for clustered data to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of colorectal polyps in relation to cumulative average consumption of UPFs. All statistical tests were 2-sided.

Results
We documented 11 644 patients with conventional adenomas and 10 478 with serrated lesions during 18-20 years of follow-up. Compared with participants in the lowest quintile of UPF consumption, those in the highest quintile had an increased risk of conventional adenomas (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.26) and serrated lesions (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.28). Similar results were found for high-risk polyps (ie, advanced adenomas and ≥10 mm serrated lesions; OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.28). These associations were slightly attenuated but remained statistically significant after further adjusting for body mass index, Western dietary pattern score, or individual dietary factors (fiber, folate, calcium, and vitamin D). The results remained essentially unchanged after excluding processed meat from total UPF intake.

Conclusions
Higher consumption of UPFs is associated with an increased risk of CRC precursors. UPFs might be a modifiable target for early prevention of CRC.
Professions and inequality: Challenges, controversies, and opportunities
Authors: Ashley Louise , Boussebaa Mehdi , Friedman Sam , Harrington Brooke , Heusinkveld Stefan , Gustafsson Stefanie , Muzio Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
On the basis of the EGOS 2021 sub-plenary on ‘Professions and Inequality: Challenges, Controversies, and Opportunities’, the presenters and panellists wrote four short essays on the relationship between inequality as a grand challenge and professional occupations and organizations, their structures, practices, and strategies. Individually, these essays take an inquisitorial stance on extant understandings of (1) how professions may exacerbate existing inequalities and (2) how professions can be part of the solution and help tackle inequality as a grand challenge. Taken together, the discussion forum aims at advancing scholarly debates on inequality by showing how professions’ scholarship may critically interrogate extant understandings of inequality as a broad, multifaceted concept, whilst providing fruitful directions for research on inequality, their potential solutions, and the role and responsibilities of organization and management scholars.
Energy in the European Green Deal: impacts and recommendations for MENA countries
Authors: Rybski Robert 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The European Union (EU) presented its new and ambitious programme at the end of 2019—the European Green Deal (EGD), which should align its economy to reach the goal of climate neutrality in 2050. A vital part of the deal aims for the energy sector within the leitmotif of supplying clean, affordable and secure energy. Because energy-related Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions accounted in 2020 for three-quarters of all GHG emissions of the EU, the most important pillar for the EGD to succeed is the energy sector. The deal does not function within a vacuum as it will impact other countries, including those with vast conventional energy resources and close ties to the EU, like nations from the region of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This article assesses the deal’s impacts on MENA countries and includes recommendations concerning various aspects of low-carbon transition that could be applied. The EGD programme will be used as a reference scenario for those recommendations because of its universal character.
EMBL’s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) in 2022
Authors: Thakur Matthew , Bateman Alex , Brooksbank Cath , Freeberg Mallory , Harrison Melissa , Hartley Matthew , Keane Thomas , Kleywegt Gerard , Leach Andrew , Levchenko Mariia , Morgan Sarah , McDonagh Ellen M , Orchard Sandra , Papatheodorou Irene , Velankar Sameer , Vizcaino Juan Antonio , Witham Rick , Zdrazil Barbara , McEntyre Johanna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe European Molecular Biology Laboratory's European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) is one of the world's leading sources of public biomolecular data. Based at the Wellcome Genome Campus in Hinxton, UK, EMBL-EBI is one of six sites of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Europe's only intergovernmental life sciences organisation. This overview summarises the status of services that EMBL-EBI data resources provide to scientific communities globally. The scale, openness, rich metadata and extensive curation of EMBL-EBI added-value databases makes them particularly well-suited as training sets for deep learning, machine learning and artificial intelligence applications, a selection of which are described here. The data resources at EMBL-EBI can catalyse such developments because they offer sustainable, high-quality data, collected in some cases over decades and made openly availability to any researcher, globally. Our aim is for EMBL-EBI data resources to keep providing the foundations for tools and research insights that transform fields across the life sciences.
ONE-seq: epitranscriptome and gene-specific profiling of NAD-capped RNA
Authors: Niu Kongyan , Zhang Jinyang , Ge Shuwen , Li Dean , Sun Kunfeng , You Yingnan , Qiu Jiaqian , Wang Kun , Wang Xueting , Liu Rui , Liu Yandong , Li Bing , Zhu Zheng-Jiang , Qu Lefeng , Jiang Hong , Liu Nan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The hub metabolite, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), can be used as an initiating nucleotide in RNA synthesis to result in NAD-capped RNAs (NAD-RNA). Since NAD has been heightened as one of the most essential modulators in aging and various age-related diseases, its attachment to RNA might indicate a yet-to-be discovered mechanism that impacts adult life-course. However, the unknown identity of NAD-linked RNAs in adult and aging tissues has hindered functional studies. Here, we introduce ONE-seq method to identify the RNA transcripts that contain NAD cap. ONE-seq has been optimized to use only one-step chemo-enzymatic biotinylation, followed by streptavidin capture and the nudix phosphohydrolase NudC-catalyzed elution, to specifically recover NAD-capped RNAs for epitranscriptome and gene-specific analyses. Using ONE-seq, we discover more than a thousand of previously unknown NAD-RNAs in the mouse liver and reveal epitranscriptome-wide dynamics of NAD-RNAs with age. ONE-seq empowers the identification of NAD-capped RNAs that are responsive to distinct physiological states, facilitating functional investigation into this modification.
The climate impact of high seas shipping
Authors: Li Yuze , Jia Peng , Jiang Shangrong , Li Haijiang , Kuang Haibo , Hong Yongmiao , Wang Shouyang , Zhao Xueting , Guan Dabo 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Strict carbon emission regulations are set with respect to countries’ territorial seas or shipping activities in exclusive economic zones to meet their climate change commitment under the Paris Agreement. However, no shipping policies on carbon mitigation are proposed for the world’s high seas regions, which results in carbon intensive shipping activities. In this paper, we propose a Geographic-based Emission Estimation Model (GEEM) to estimate shipping GHG emission patterns on high seas regions. The results indicate that annual emissions of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) in shipping on the high seas reached 211.60 million metric tonnes in 2019, accounting for about one-third of all shipping emissions globally and exceeding annual GHG emissions of countries such as Spain. The average emission from shipping activities on the high seas is growing at approximately 7.26% per year, which far surpasses the growth rate of global shipping emission at 2.23%. We propose implementation of policies on each high seas region with respect to the main emission driver identified from our results. Our policy evaluation results show that carbon mitigation policies could reduce emissons by 25.46 and 54.36 million tonnes CO2-e in the primary intervention stage and overall intervention stage, respectively, with 12.09% and 25.81% reduction rates in comparison to the 2019 annual GHG emissions in high seas shipping.