bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quasi-static magnetic compression of field-reversed configuration plasma: amended scalings and limits from two-dimensional MHD equilibrium
Authors: BALA Abba Alhaji , ZHU Ping , LI Haolong , DING Yonghua , LIU Jiaxing , WAN Sui , HE Ying , LI Da , WANG Nengchao , RAO Bo , WANG Zhijiang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work, several key scaling laws of the quasi-static magnetic compression of field reversed configuration (FRC) plasma (Spencer et al 1983 Phys. Fluids
26 1564) are amended from a series of two-dimensional FRC MHD equilibriums numerically obtained using the Grad–Shafranov equation solver NIMEQ. Based on the new scaling for the elongation and the magnetic fields at the separatrix and the wall, the empirically stable limits for the compression ratio, the fusion gain, and the neutron yield are evaluated, which may serve as a more accurate estimate for the upper ceiling of performance from the magnetic compression of FRC plasma as a potential fusion energy as well as neutron source devices.
Multi-point discharge model: study on corona discharge of double-ended needle in large space
Authors: LI Dingchen , LI Jiawei , LI Chuan , ZHANG Ming , WANG Pengyu , LIU Zhi , YANG Yong , YU Kexun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Corona discharge, as a common means to obtain non-equilibrium plasma, can generally obtain high-concentration plasma by increasing discharge points to meet production needs. However, the existing numerical simulation models used to study multi-point corona discharge are all calculations of small-scale space models, which cannot obtain the distribution characteristics of plasma in large space. Based on our previous research, this paper proposes a hybrid model for studying the distribution of multi-point discharge plasma in large-scale spaces, which divides the computational domain and computes separately with the hydrodynamic model and the ion mobility model. The simulation results are verified by a needle–ball electrode device. Firstly, the electric field distribution and plasma distribution of the needle electrodes with single tip and double tips are compared and discussed. Secondly, the plasma distribution of the needle electrode with the double tip at different voltages is investigated. Both computational and experimental results indicate that the charged particle concentration and current of the needle electrode with double tips are both twice as high as those of the needle electrode with a single tip. This model can extend the computational area of the multi-point corona discharge finite element model to the sub-meter (25 cm) or meter level, which provides an effective means to study the plasma distribution generated by multiple discharge points in large-scale space.
Fluid simulation of the effect of a dielectric window with high temperature on plasma parameters in inductively coupled plasma
Authors: LI Na , HAN Daoman , ZHANG Quanzhi , LIU Xuhui , WANG Yingjie , WANG Younian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To maintain the high-density plasma source in inductively coupled plasma (ICP), very high radiofrequency power is often delivered to the antenna, which can heat the dielectric windows near the antenna to high temperature. This high temperature can modulate the plasma characteristics to a large degree. We thus study the effect of dielectric window temperature on plasma parameters in two different ICP structures based on COMSOL software. The distributions of various plasma species are examined at different dielectric window temperatures. The concentration of neutral gas is found to be largely modulated at high dielectric window temperature, which further affects the electron collision probability with neutrals and the electron temperature. However, the electron density profiles are barely affected by the dielectric window temperature, which is mainly concentrated at the center of the reactor due to the fixed power input and pressure.
Enhanced antibacterial activity of cotton via silver nanocapsules deposited by atmospheric pressure plasma jet
Authors: ZHANG Xiaoman , MA Xiaoping , LI Maoyang , JI Peiyu , HUANG Tianyuan , ZHUGE Lanjian , WU Xuemei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work, the antibacterial activity of cotton containing silver nanocapsules prepared by atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) deposition is investigated. The nanocapsules consist of a shell and a silver nanoparticle (AgNP) core, where the core is used to bring antibacterial activity, and the shell is utilized to suppress the potential toxicity of AgNPs. The surface morphology and the elements of the samples are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The SEM results show that the skin of the cotton fibers will fall off gradually after APP treatment over 3 min, and the XPS results show that the Ag content will rise to 1.6% after APP deposition for 10 min. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity tests show that the reduction rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus can achieve 100% when the sample is treated for 10 min, which exhibits excellent antibacterial activity. In addition, the UV absorption properties of the cotton will also be correspondingly improved, which brings a broader application prospect for antibacterial cotton.
Poly(ionic liquid) dielectric for high performing P- and N-type single walled carbon nanotube transistors
Authors: Tousignant Mathieu N , Ourabi May , Niskanen Jukka , Mirka Brendan , Bodnaryk William J , Adronov Alex , Lessard Benoît H 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
There is an increasing demand for low-cost and high-performance electronics which has stimulated a need for new high-performance dielectric materials. We have developed a facile synthesis of poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide-ran-methyl methacrylate) (P(METATFSI-MMA)), a polymeric ionic liquid that can be used as a high-performance dielectric for semiconducting single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNTs) thin film transistors (TFTs). The P(METATFSI-MMA) polymer was synthesized at both 35 and 62 mol% of 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide and produced p- and n-type devices that functioned under ambient conditions. These TFTs were then used to study the impact of electrochemical doping on the performance of SWCNT TFTs when switching from n-type, where an electrical double layer is formed, to p-type, where the TFSI− anions are free to interact with the SWCNTs. The TFTs operating in p-type had higher current on/off ratios and a larger transconductance than those operating in n-type, which is characteristic of electrochemically doped transistors. Furthermore, we tested the impact of operating frequency on device performance and discovered that decreasing the operating frequency of the TFTs resulted in a decreased hysteresis. The decrease in hysteresis was also observed to be more significant for the 35 mol% polymer.
Boron bridging of rhamnogalacturonan-II inRosaand arabidopsis cell cultures occurs mainly in the endo-membrane system and continues at a reduced rate after secretion
Authors: Begum Rifat Ara , Fry Stephen C 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsRhamnogalacturonan-II (RG-II) is a domain of primary cell-wall pectin. Pairs of RG-II domains are covalently cross-linked via borate diester bridges, necessary for normal cell growth. Interpreting the precise mechanism and roles of boron bridging is difficult because there are conflicting hypotheses as to whether bridging occurs mainly within the Golgi system, concurrently with secretion or within the cell wall. We therefore explored the kinetics of RG-II bridging.MethodsCell-suspension cultures of Rosa and arabidopsis were pulse-radiolabelled with [14C]glucose, then the boron bridging status of newly synthesized [14C]RG-II domains was tracked by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of endo-polygalacturonase digests.Key resultsOptimal culture ages for 14C-labelling were ~5 and ~1 d in Rosa and arabidopsis respectively. De-novo [14C]polysaccharide production occurred for the first ~90 min; thereafter the radiolabelled molecules were tracked as they ‘aged’ in the wall. Monomeric and (boron-bridged) dimeric [14C]RG-II domains appeared simultaneously, both being detectable within 4 min of [14C]glucose feeding, i.e. well before the secretion of newly synthesized [14C]polysaccharides into the apoplast at ~15–20 min. The [14C]dimer : [14C]monomer ratio of RG-II remained approximately constant from 4 to 120 min, indicating that boron bridging was occurring within the Golgi system during polysaccharide biosynthesis. However, [14C]dimers increased slightly over the following 15 h, indicating that limited boron bridging was continuing after secretion.ConclusionsThe results show where in the cell (and thus when in the ‘career’ of an RG-II domain) boron bridging occurs, helping to define the possible biological roles of RG-II dimerization and the probable localization of boron-donating glycoproteins or glycolipids.
CoDNaS-Q: a database of conformational diversity of the native state of proteins with quaternary structure
Authors: Escobedo Nahuel , Tunque Cahui Ronaldo Romario , Caruso Gastón , García Ríos Emilio , Hirsh Layla , Monzon Alexander Miguel , Parisi Gustavo , Palopoli Nicolas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Summary
A collection of conformers that exist in a dynamical equilibrium defines the native state of a protein. The structural differences between them describe their conformational diversity, a defining characteristic of the protein with an essential role in multiple cellular processes. Since most proteins carry out their functions by assembling into complexes, we have developed CoDNaS-Q, the first online resource to explore conformational diversity in homooligomeric proteins. It features a curated collection of redundant protein structures with known quaternary structure. CoDNaS-Q integrates relevant annotations that allow researchers to identify and explore the extent and possible reasons of conformational diversity in homooligomeric protein complexes.

Availability and implementation
CoDNaS-Q is freely accessible at http://ufq.unq.edu.ar/codnasq/ or https://codnas-q.bioinformatica.org/home. The data can be retrieved from the website. The source code of the database can be downloaded from https://github.com/SfrRonaldo/codnas-q.
Microstructural deficits of the thalamus in major depressive disorder
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Zhang Yingli , Ai Hui , Van Dam Nicholas T , Qian Long , Hou Gangqiang , Xu Pengfei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Macroscopic structural abnormalities in the thalamus and thalamic circuits have been implicated in the neuropathology of major depressive disorder. However, cytoarchitectonic properties underlying these macroscopic abnormalities remain unknown. Here, we examined systematic deficits of brain architecture in depression, from structural brain network organization to microstructural properties. A multi-modal neuroimaging approach including diffusion, anatomical and quantitative MRI was used to examine structural-related alternations in 56 patients with depression compared with 35 age- and sex-matched controls. The seed-based probabilistic tractography showed multiple alterations of structural connectivity within a set of subcortical areas and their connections to cortical regions in patients with depression. These subcortical regions included the putamen, thalamus and caudate, which are predominantly involved in the limbic-cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic network. Structural connectivity was disrupted within and between large-scale networks, including the subcortical network, default-mode network and salience network. Consistently, morphometric measurements, including cortical thickness and voxel-based morphometry, showed widespread volume reductions of these key regions in patients with depression. A conjunction analysis identified common structural alternations of the left orbitofrontal cortex, left putamen, bilateral thalamus and right amygdala across macro-modalities. Importantly, the microstructural properties, longitudinal relaxation time of the left thalamus was increased and inversely correlated with its grey matter volume in patients with depression. Together, this work to date provides the first macro–micro neuroimaging evidence for the structural abnormalities of the thalamus in patients with depression, shedding light on the neuropathological disruptions of the limbic-cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic circuit in major depressive disorder. These findings have implications in understanding the abnormal changes of brain structures across the development of depression.
Microwave-Assisted Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Combined with HPLC for the Determination of Three Biogenic Amines in Beverages
Authors: Su Mingming , He Yongke , Zhang Ning , Lv Meiheng , Xu Xu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Microwave-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (MADLLME) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detector was used for the extraction and determination of three biogenic amines (BAs), including tryptamine, histamine and phenylethylamine in beverages (beer, cherry juice and white spirit). Compared with solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction and liquid-phase microextraction, which is more solvent use with lower extraction efficiency, this MADLLME method obviously shortened analytical time, the rapid heating of aqueous samples with non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, a lower solvent use and enhanced extraction efficiency. Because of good extraction for three BAs, [3C6PC14][FeCl4] was used as an extraction solvent. We showed a tunable selectivity of magnetic ionic liquids (MILs) toward extracting BAs by changing anion or cation due to the modification of the interaction between the MIL and the BAs. Extraction conditions including the type and volume of extraction solvent, microwave power, microwave-assisted extraction time, sample pH, disperser and interference experiment were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, a good linear relationship was found in the concentration range of 100–2,000 ng mL−1 for three BAs with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.995–0.999. The limit of detections (S/N = 3) and limit of quantitations (S/N = 10) were in the range of 3.46–4.96 ng mL−1 and 10.44–14.88 ng mL−1, respectively. The recoveries of three targets were in the range of 84.3–108.5%, and the relative standard deviations based on the peak areas for six replicate analyses of beverages spiked with 10, 50 and 100 ng mL−1 of each biogenic amine were lower than 7.9%. This method has also been successfully applied to analyze the real samples at three different spiked concentrations, and excellent results have been obtained.
An Extremes of Phenotype Approach Confirms Significant Genetic Heterogeneity in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Mortlock Sally , Lord Anton , Montgomery Grant , Zakrzewski Martha , Simms Lisa A , Krishnaprasad Krupa , Hanigan Katherine , Doecke James D , Walsh Alissa , Lawrance Ian C , Bampton Peter A , Andrews Jane M , Mahy Gillian , Connor Susan J , Sparrow Miles P , Bell Sally , Florin Timothy H , Begun Jakob , Gearry Richard B , Radford-Smith Graham L 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsUlcerative colitis [UC] is a major form of inflammatory bowel disease globally. Phenotypic heterogeneity is defined by several variables including age of onset and disease extent. The genetics of disease severity remains poorly understood. To further investigate this, we performed a genome wide association [GWA] study using an extremes of phenotype strategy.MethodsWe conducted GWA analyses in 311 patients with medically refractory UC [MRUC], 287 with non-medically refractory UC [non-MRUC] and 583 controls. Odds ratios [ORs] were calculated for known risk variants comparing MRUC and non-MRUC, and controls.ResultsMRUC–control analysis had the greatest yield of genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] [2018], including lead SNP = rs111838972 [OR = 1.82, p = 6.28 × 10−9] near MMEL1 and a locus in the human leukocyte antigen [HLA] region [lead SNP = rs144717024, OR = 12.23, p = 1.7 × 10−19]. ORs for the lead SNPs were significantly higher in MRUC compared to non-MRUC [p &lt; 9.0 × 10−6]. No SNPs reached significance in the non-MRUC–control analysis (top SNP, rs7680780 [OR 2.70, p = 5.56 × 10−8). We replicate findings for rs4151651 in the Complement Factor B [CFB] gene and demonstrate significant changes in CFB gene expression in active UC. Detailed HLA analyses support the strong associations with MHC II genes, particularly HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DRB1 in MRUC.ConclusionsOur MRUC subgroup replicates multiple known UC risk variants in contrast to non-MRUC and demonstrates significant differences in effect sizes compared to those published. Non-MRUC cases demonstrate lower ORs similar to those published. Additional risk and prognostic loci may be identified by targeted recruitment of individuals with severe disease.
The left upper lobe challenge in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery—use of a composite score to improve the assessment of simulated lobectomy
Authors: Haidari Tamim Ahmad , Bjerrum Flemming , Grimstrup Søren , Christensen Thomas Decker , Vad Henrik , Møller Lars Borgbjerg , Hansen Henrik Jessen , Konge Lars , Petersen René Horsleben 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this study is to develop a reliable composite score based on simulator metrics to assess competency in virtual reality video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy and explore the benefits of combining it with expert rater assessments.

METHODS
Standardized objective assessments (time, bleeding, economy of movement) and subjective expert rater assessments from 2 previous studies were combined. A linear mixed model including experience level, lobe and the number of previous simulated procedures was applied for the repeated measurements. Reliability for each of the 4 assessments was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha. The Nelder–Mead numerical optimization algorithm was used for optimal weighting of scores. A pass–fail standard for the composite score was determined using the contrasting groups’ method.

RESULTS
In total, 123 virtual reality video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomies were included. Across the 4 different assessments, there were significant effects (P &lt; 0.01) of experience, lobe, and simulator experience, but not for simulator attempts on bleeding (P = 0.98). The left upper lobe was significantly more difficult compared to other lobes (P = 0.02). A maximum reliability of 0.92 could be achieved by combining the standardized simulator metrics with standardized expert rater scores. The pass/fail level for the composite score when including 1 expert rater was 0.33.

CONCLUSIONS
Combining simulator metrics with 1 or 2 raters increases reliability and can serve as a more objective method for assessing surgical trainees. The composite score may be used to implement a standardized and feasible simulation-based mastery training program in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy.
Intestinal Microbiome Richness of Coral Reef Damselfishes (Actinopterygii: Pomacentridae)
Authors: Kavazos Christopher R J , Ricci Francesco , Leggat William , Casey Jordan M , Choat J Howard , Ainsworth Tracy D 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fish gastro-intestinal system harbors diverse microbiomes that affect the host's digestion, nutrition, and immunity. Despite the great taxonomic diversity of fish, little is understood about fish microbiome and the factors that determine its structure and composition. Damselfish are important coral reef species that play pivotal roles in determining algae and coral population structures of reefs. Broadly, damselfish belong to either of two trophic guilds based on whether they are planktivorous or algae-farming. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the intestinal microbiome of 5 planktivorous and 5 algae-farming damselfish species (Pomacentridae) from the Great Barrier Reef. We detected Gammaproteobacteria ASVs belonging to the genus Actinobacillus in 80% of sampled individuals across the 2 trophic guilds, thus, bacteria in this genus can be considered possible core members of pomacentrid microbiomes. Algae-farming damselfish had greater bacterial alpha-diversity, a more diverse core microbiome and shared 35 ± 22 ASVs, whereas planktivorous species shared 7 ± 3 ASVs. Our data also highlight differences in microbiomes associated with both trophic guilds. For instance, algae-farming damselfish were enriched in Pasteurellaceae, whilst planktivorous damselfish in Vibrionaceae. Finally, we show shifts in bacterial community composition along the intestines. ASVs associated with the classes Bacteroidia, Clostridia, and Mollicutes bacteria were predominant in the anterior intestinal regions while Gammaproteobacteria abundance was higher in the stomach. Our results suggest that the richness of the intestinal bacterial communities of damselfish reflects host species diet and trophic guild.
Treatment outcomes of nanoliposomal irinotecan as second-line chemotherapy after gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel in metastatic and recurrent pancreatic cancer
Authors: Mie Takafumi , Sasaki Takashi , Okamoto Takeshi , Takeda Tsuyoshi , Mori Chinatsu , Furukawa Takaaki , Kasuga Akiyoshi , Matsuyama Masato , Ozaka Masato , Sasahira Naoki 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
To compare the treatment outcomes of nanoliposomal-irinotecan (nal-IRI) plus fluorouracil and leucovorin (5-FU/LV) and modified FOLFIRINOX (mFFX) as second-line treatment after gemcitabine with nab-paclitaxel (GnP) for metastatic and recurrent pancreatic cancer.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with metastatic or recurrent pancreatic cancer treated with nal-IRI plus 5-FU/LV or mFFX after first-line GnP treatment between March 2014 and October 2021 in our hospital. Patient characteristics, treatment outcomes and adverse events were extracted for comparison.

Results
Two hundred sixteen patients were included (nal-IRI plus 5-FU/LV/mFFX: 50/166). Patients in the nal-IRI plus 5-FU/LV group were older, had poorer ECOG PS, and a higher rate of peritoneal metastasis than those in the mFFX group. Median overall survival was 9.5 and 9.8 months (P = 0.97), respectively, and the median progression-free survival was 4.5 vs 4.8 months (P = 0.61), respectively. Anorexia, fatigue and peripheral neuropathy were more common in the mFFX group, but there was no difference in grade 3/4 adverse events between the two groups.

Conclusions
There was no significant difference in efficacy between nal-IRI plus 5-FU/LV and mFFX after GnP. Nal-IRI plus 5-FU/LV appears to be a viable alternative to mFFX as second-line treatment after GnP.