bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal clustering of successive earthquakes as inferred from analyses of global CMT and NIED F-net catalogs
Authors: Bantidi Thystere Matondo , Nishimura Takeshi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInvestigation of the characteristic behavior of successive earthquakes that closely occur in space and time is important to understand the generation mechanism of earthquakes and useful to assess a triggered earthquake, especially around the area, where a first large earthquake took place. Here, we analyzed the Global Centroid Moment Tensor catalog from 1976 to 2016 for shallow earthquakes with a moment magnitude,$${M}_{w}$$Mw, of at least 5.5, and the F-net catalog, Japan, for$$4\le {M}_{w}<5.5$$4≤Mw<5.5, to clarify the spatio-temporal characteristics of the successive earthquakes. We first sorted all of the earthquakes in time and removed the aftershocks that occurred in and around the faults of earthquakes with$${M}_{w}$$Mwlarger than the target magnitude range we investigated. Then, we selected source events from the beginning and searched for earthquakes that occurred within a horizontal distance (D) and a lapsed time ($${T}_{a}$$Ta) from the source event to group them in clusters. Then, the source event was selected from the catalog in order, and the same procedure was repeated. We counted the number of clusters, each of which consisted of successive earthquakes, for differentDand$${T}_{a}.$$Ta.To examine whether successive earthquakes were explained by random occurrences, we compared the results with simulations in which earthquakes occurred randomly in time but at the same locations matching the centroids in the real data. The comparison showed that the number of clusters for the simulation rapidly increased withDand merged with that for real data at a short distance, which is defined here as the triggering distance. We find that triggering distance is proportional to about 1/5 to 1/4 of the seismic moment$${(M}_{0})$$(M0)of the source event, and exponentially decreases with increasing$${T}_{a}$$Ta. Relating the derived empirical scaling relations between$${M}_{0}$$M0and triggering distance from the equations in the ETAS model, we show that the observed exponents of 1/5 to 1/4 were well predicted from the estimated ETAS parameters in various regions around the world. These consistencies first show that successive occurrence of earthquakes is well explained by the ETAS model.Graphical abstract
Production of free fatty acids from various carbon sources by Ogataea polymorpha
Authors: Li Yunxia , Zhai XiaoXin , Yu Wei , Feng Dao , Shah Aamer Ali , Gao Jiaoqi , Zhou Yongjin J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEnergy shortage and environmental concern urgently require establishing the feasible bio-refinery process from various feedstocks. The methylotrophic yeast Ogataea polymorpha is thermo-tolerant and can utilize various carbon sources, such as glucose, xylose and methanol, which makes it a promising host for bio-manufacturing. Here, we explored the capacity of O. polymorpha for overproduction of free fatty acids (FFAs) from multiple substrates. The engineered yeast produced 674 mg/L FFA from 20 g/L glucose in shake flask and could sequentially utilize the mixture of glucose and xylose. However, the FFA producing strain failed to survive in sole methanol and supplementing co-substrate xylose promoted methanol metabolism. A synergistic utilization of xylose and methanol was observed in the FFA producing strain. Finally, a mixture of glucose, xylose and methanol was evaluated for FFA production (1.2 g/L). This study showed that O. polymorpha is an ideal host for chemical production from various carbon sources.
Graphical Abstract
DeepPVC: prediction of a partial volume-corrected map for brain positron emission tomography studies via a deep convolutional neural network
Authors: Matsubara Keisuke , Ibaraki Masanobu , Kinoshita Toshibumi ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPartial volume correction with anatomical magnetic resonance (MR) images (MR-PVC) is useful for accurately quantifying tracer uptake on brain positron emission tomography (PET) images. However, MR segmentation processes for MR-PVC are time-consuming and prevent the widespread clinical use of MR-PVC. Here, we aimed to develop a deep learning model to directly predict PV-corrected maps from PET and MR images, ultimately improving the MR-PVC throughput.MethodsWe used MR T1-weighted and [11C]PiB PET images as input data from 192 participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. We calculated PV-corrected maps as the training target using the region-based voxel-wise PVC method. Two-dimensional U-Net model was trained and validated by sixfold cross-validation with the dataset from the 156 participants, and then tested using MR T1-weighted and [11C]PiB PET images from 36 participants acquired at sites other than the training dataset. We calculated the structural similarity index (SSIM) of the PV-corrected maps and intraclass correlation (ICC) of the PV-corrected standardized uptake value between the region-based voxel-wise (RBV) PVC and deepPVC as indicators for validation and testing.ResultsA high SSIM (0.884 ± 0.021) and ICC (0.921 ± 0.042) were observed in the validation and test data (SSIM, 0.876 ± 0.028; ICC, 0.894 ± 0.051). The computation time required to predict a PV-corrected map for a participant (48 s without a graphics processing unit) was much shorter than that for the RBV PVC and MR segmentation processes.ConclusionThese results suggest that the deepPVC model directly predicts PV-corrected maps from MR and PET images and improves the throughput of MR-PVC by skipping the MR segmentation processes.
Towards personalised dosimetry in patients with liver malignancy treated with 90Y-SIRT using in vivo-driven radiobiological parameters
Authors: Gholami Yaser H. , Willowson Kathy P. , Bailey Dale L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The prediction of response is one of the major challenges in radiation-based therapies. Although the selection of accurate linear–quadratic model parameters is essential for the estimation of radiation response and treatment outcome, there is a limited knowledge about these radiobiological parameters for liver tumours using radionuclide treatments.

Methods
The “clinical radiobiological” parameters ($$T_{{\text{p}}}$$

T
p

, $$T_{{\text{k}}}$$

T
k

, $$\alpha$$
α
, $$\alpha {/}\beta$$

α
/
β

) for twenty-five patients were derived using the generalised linear–quadratic model, the diagnostic ([18F] FDG PET/CT) and therapeutic ([90Y]-SIR-Spheres PET/CT) images to compute the biological effective dose and tumour control probability (TCP) for each patient.

Results
It was estimated that the values for $$\alpha$$
α
and $$\alpha {/}\beta$$

α
/
β

parameters range in ≈ 0.001–1 Gy−1 and ≈ 1–49 Gy, respectively. We have demonstrated that the time factors, $$T_{{\text{p}}}$$

T
p

, $$T_{{\text{k}}}$$

T
k

and $$T_{{{\text{critic}}}}$$

T
critic

are the key parameters when evaluating liver malignancy lesional response to [90Y]SIR-Spheres treatment. Patients with cholangiocarcinoma have been shown to have the longest average $$T_{{\text{p}}}$$

T
p

(≈ 236 ± 67 d), highest TCP (≈ 53 ± 17%) and total liver lesion glycolysis response ($$\Delta {\text{TLG}}_{{{\text{liver}}}}$$

Δ

TLG
liver

≈ 64%), while patients with metastatic colorectal cancer tumours have the shortest average $$T_{{\text{p}}}$$

T
p

(≈ 129 ± 19 d), lowest TCP (≈ 28 ± 13%) and $$\Delta {\text{TLG}}_{{{\text{liver}}}}$$

Δ

TLG
liver

≈ 8%, respectively.

Conclusions
Tumours with shorter $$T_{{\text{k}}}$$

T
k

have shown a shorter $$T_{{{\text{critic}}}}$$

T
critic

and thus poorer TCP and $$\Delta {\text{TLG}}_{{{\text{liver}}}}$$

Δ

TLG
liver

. Therefore, these results suggest for such tumours the [90Y]SIR-Spheres will be only effective at higher initial dose rate (e.g.  > 50 Gy/day).
Anterior Knee Pain: State of the Art
Authors: D’Ambrosi Riccardo , Meena Amit , Raj Akshya , Ursino Nicola , Hewett Timothy E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAnterior knee pain (AKP) is one of the most common conditions to bring active young patients to a sports injury clinic. It is a heterogeneous condition related to multiple causative factors. Compared to the general population, there appears to be a higher risk of development of patellofemoral osteoarthritis in patients with AKP. AKP can be detrimental to the patient’s quality of life and, in the larger context, significantly burdens the economy with high healthcare costs. This study aims to present a comprehensive evaluation of AKP to improve clinical daily practice. The causes of AKP can be traced not only to structures within and around the knee, but also to factors outside the knee, such as limb malalignment, weakness of specific hip muscle groups, and core and ligamentous laxity. Hence, AKP warrants a pointed evaluation of history and thorough clinical examination, complemented with relevant radiological investigations to identify its origin in the knee and its cause. Conservative management of the condition achieves good results in a majority of patients with AKP. Surgical management becomes necessary only when it is deemed to provide benefit—when the patient has well-characterized structural abnormalities of the knee or limb that correlate with the AKP clinically or in situations where the patient does not obtain significant or sustained relief from symptoms. AKP has a multifactorial etiology. The treatment strategy must be individualized to the patient based on the patient profile and specific cause identified. Hence, treatment of AKP warrants a pointed evaluation of history and thorough clinical examination complemented with relevant radiological investigations to identify the condition’s origin and its cause. A holistic approach focused on the patient as a whole will ensure a good clinical outcome, as much as a focus on the joint as the therapeutic target.
Appropriate Reporting of Exercise Variables in Resistance Training Protocols: Much more than Load and Number of Repetitions
Authors: Coratella Giuseppe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractManipulating resistance training variables is crucial to plan the induced stimuli correctly. When reporting the exercise variables in resistance training protocols, sports scientists and practitioners often refer to the load lifted and the total number of repetitions. The present conceptual review explores all within-exercise variables that may influence the strength and hypertrophic gains, and the changes in muscle architecture. Together with the (1) load and (2) the number of repetitions, (3) performing repetitions to failure or not to failure, (4) the displacement of the load or the range of movement (full or partial), (5) the portion of the partial movement to identify the muscle length at which the exercise is performed, (6) the total time under tension, the duration of each phase and the position of the two isometric phases, (7) whether the concentric, eccentric or concentric-eccentric phase is performed, (8) the use of internal or external focus and (9) the inter-set rest may all have repercussions on the adaptations induced by each resistance exercise. Manipulating one or more variable allows to increase, equalize or decrease the stimuli related to each exercise. Sports scientists and practitioners are invited to list all aforementioned variables for each exercise when reporting resistance training protocols.
App-based intervention among adolescents with persistent pain: a pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial
Authors: Grasaas Erik , Helseth Sølvi , Fegran Liv , Stinson Jennifer , Småstuen Milada , Lalloo Chitra , Haraldstad Kristin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Persistent pain in adolescence adversely affects everyday life and is an important public health problem. The primary aim was to determine the feasibility of an 8-week app-based self-management intervention to reduce pain and improve health-related quality of life in a community-based population of adolescents with persistent pain. A secondary aim was to explore differences in health outcomes between the intervention and control groups.

Methods
A sample of 73 adolescents aged 16–19 years with persistent pain from a community-based population were randomized into 2 groups. The intervention group received the Norwegian culturally adapted version of the iCanCope with PainTM app, which includes symptom tracking, goal setting, self-management strategies, and social support. The attention control group received a symptom tracking app. Feasibility was assessed as attrition rates and level of engagement (interactions with the app). The secondary outcomes included pain intensity, health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, pain self-efficacy, perceived social support from friends, anxiety and depression, and patient global impression. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS.

Results
Demographic and baseline outcome variables did not differ between the 2 groups. No differences were found between the participants completing the study and those who withdrew. Twenty-eight adolescents completed the intervention as planned (62% attrition). Both groups had a low level of app engagement. Intention-to-treat analysis (n = 19 + 14) showed no significant differences in outcomes between groups. However, the large effect size (Cohen’s d = .9) for depression suggested a lower depression score in the intervention group.

Conclusions
High treatment attrition and low engagement indicate the need for changes in trial design in a full-scale randomized controlled trial to improve participant retention.

Trial registration
The iCanCope with Pain Norway trial was retrospectively registered in Clinical Trials.gov (ID: NCT03551977). Registered 6 June 2018.
The feasibility of delivering the ADVANCE digital intervention to reduce intimate partner abuse by men receiving substance use treatment: protocol for a non-randomised multi-centre feasibility study and embedded process evaluation
Authors: Gilchrist Gail , Landau Sabine , Dheensa Sandi , Henderson Juliet , Johnson Amy , Love Beverly , Potts Laura , Radcliffe Polly , Zenasni Zohra , Parrott Steve , Li Jinshuo , Thomson Kate , Dwyer Georges-Jacques , Turner Richard , Halliwell Gemma , Berbary Cassandra , Bergman Ciara , Feder Gene , Easton Caroline , Brooks Cat Papastavrou , Gilchrist Elizabeth 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCompared to men in the general population, men in substance use treatment are more likely to perpetrate intimate partner abuse (IPA). The ADVANCE group intervention for men in substance use treatment is tailored to address substance use and IPA in an integrated way. In a feasibility trial pre-COVID, men who received the ADVANCE intervention via face-to-face group delivery showed reductions in IPA perpetration. Due to COVID-19, ADVANCE was adapted for remote digital delivery.Methods/designThis mixed-methods non-randomised feasibility study, with a nested process evaluation, will explore the feasibility and acceptability of delivering the ADVANCE digital intervention to men in substance use treatment who have perpetrated IPA towards a female partner in the past year. Sixty men will be recruited from seven substance use treatment services in Great Britain. The ADVANCE digital intervention comprises a preparatory one-to-one session with a facilitator to set goals, develop a personal safety plan, and increase motivation and a preparatory online group to prepare men for taking part in the intervention. The core intervention comprises six fortnightly online group sessions and 12 weekly self-directed website sessions to recap and practise skills learned in the online group sessions. Each website session is followed by a one-to-one video/phone coaching session with a facilitator. Men will also receive their usual substance use treatment. Men’s female (ex) partners will be invited to provide outcome data and offered support from integrated safety services (ISS). Outcome measures for men and women will be sought post intervention (approximately 4 months post male baseline interview). Feasibility parameters to be estimated include eligibility, suitability, consent, recruitment, attendance, retention and follow-up rates. In-depth interviews or focus groups will explore the intervention’s acceptability to participants, facilitators and ISS workers. A secondary focus of the study will estimate pre-post-differences in outcome measures covering substance use, IPA, mental health, self-management, health and social care service use, criminal justice contacts and quality of life.DiscussionFindings will inform the design of a multicentre randomised controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the ADVANCE digital intervention for reducing IPA.Trial registrationThe feasibility study was prospectively registered:ISRCTN66619273.
Feasibility of a preoperative strengthening exercise program on postoperative function in patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pacheco-Brousseau Lissa , Dobransky Johanna , Jane Alanna , Beaulé Paul E. , Poitras Stéphane 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere are conflicting results on the effect of preoperative exercise programs on long-term function and little evidence on short-term function. The aim is to assess the feasibility of a preoperative strengthening exercise program in patients undergoing hip or knee joint arthroplasty in terms of trial design, recruitment, and follow-up rates.MethodsA randomized controlled feasibility study with patients undergoing hip or knee joint arthroplasty. Patients were randomized to a preoperative strengthening exercise program or standard of care. Feasibility outcome measures were recruitment rate (≥ 50%) and loss to follow-up (≤ 15%).ResultsOf the 129 eligible participants, 63 participants consented to participate in the study (49%), and 27 were successfully randomized prior to surgery (43%). All 27 participants completed the baseline assessment. Of these, 6 (22%) had surgery during the exercise period. Of the remaining 21 participants, 20 (95%) completed the pre-surgery assessment. The study was terminated before five participants could be eligible for the 6-month assessment. Sixteen (76%) participants completed the 6-week post-surgery assessment. Twelve participants completed the 6-month assessment (75%).ConclusionGiven the recruitment rate, randomization barriers, and study participant loss to follow-up, the study was discontinued since it was not considered feasible in this current form at our clinical site despite modifications made to the protocol. Future investigations into a modified intervention via telerehabilitation should be explored.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov,NCT03483519. Retrospectively registered in March 2018.
Nanodiamond enhanced mechanical and biological properties of extrudable gelatin hydrogel cross-linked with tannic acid and ferrous sulphate
Authors: Bhattacharyya Amitava , Priya V. N. Karthikai , Kim Ji-hyeon , Khatun Mst Rita , Nagarajan R. , Noh Insup 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
The requirements for cell-encapsulated injectable and bioprintable hydrogels are extrusion ability, cell supportive micro-environment and reasonable post-printing stability for the acclimatization of the cells in the target site. Detonation nanodiamond (ND) has shown its potential to improve the mechanical and biological properties of such hydrogels. Enhancing the performance properties of natural biopolymer gelatin-based hydrogels can widen their biomedical application possibilities to various areas including drug delivery, tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting.

Method
In this study, natural cross-linker tannic acid (TA) is used along with ferrous sulphate (FS) to optimize the swelling and disintegration of extrudable and 3D printable gelatin hydrogels. The amounts of TA and FS are restricted to improve the extrusion ability of the gels in 3D printing. Further, ND particles (detonation type) are dispersed using twin screw extrusion technology to study their effect on mechanical and biological properties of the 3D printing hydrogel.

Results
The improved dispersion of ND particles helps to improve compressive strength almost ten times and dynamic modulus three times using 40 mg ND (2% w/w of gelatin). The surface-functional groups of detonation ND also contributed for such improvement in mechanical properties due to higher interaction with the hydrogel matrix. The stability of the hydrogels in water was also improved to 7 days. Four times improvement of the cell growth and proliferation was observed in ND based hydrogel.

Conclusion
The cell-supportive nature of these moderately stable and extrudable ND dispersed gelatin hydrogels makes them a good candidate for short term regenerative applications of cell-encapsulated injectable hydrogels with better mechanical properties.
Controlling electricity storage to balance electricity costs and greenhouse gas emissions in buildings
Authors: Aryai Vahid , Goldsworthy Mark 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe optimal management of flexible loads and generation sources such as battery storage systems in buildings is often concerned with minimizing electricity costs. There is an increasing need to managed flexible resources in a way that minimises both costs and carbon emissions. Minimising emissions of grid consumed electricity requires quantification of the carbon emissions intensity of the electricity grid, so first we develop a real-time emission intensity model of the Australian National Energy Market using a power-flow tracing approach. This model reveals that electricity price signals currently do not drive consumers toward using electricity at times of lower emissions. For example, the mean and peak emissions intensity during low electricity tariff periods are the same or slightly higher than those during high tariff periods, while the 30-min wholesale electricity price in each region has no significant correlation with the emissions intensity of electricity consumed in that region. The emissions model is then used to investigate the extent to which controlling a battery storage system to minimise costs under existing electricity tariff structures also leads to minimisation of greenhouse gas emissions for a case study commercial office building. Results show that reducing emissions does indeed come at the expense of increasing costs. For example, annual operating cost savings reduced from 31% to 20% when the battery control was changed from minimising costs to minimising emissions. This has important implications for buildings seeking to reduce emissions as well as for the design of electricity tariffs.