bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative performance analysis and material exploration of ECO-friendly highly efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Anik M Hussayeen Khan , Mahmud Sakib , Islam Mohammad Atiqul , Talukder Hriteshwar , Biswas Shovasis Kumar , Islam Sharnali 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Recent development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is directed toward the search for lead-free material with superior efficiency, owing to the intoxication and stability issues associated with the lead-based PSCs. Despite the efforts, plenty of exploration is still required to attain the optimum material for perovskite, along with the electron transport layer (ETL), and hole transport layer (HTL). In this study, two less explored perovskite materials Cesium Tin Germanium Halide (CsSnGeI3) and Cesium Copper Antimony Chloride nanocrystals are compared to their Pb-based counterpart of Methylammonium Lead Iodide (MAPbI3). Thorough numerical investigations and comparative evaluation of these three material-based PSCs were done using a solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D). Based on the suitable band alignment with the absorber layers, three selected distinct ETL (TiO2, ZnO, PCBM) and HTL (Cu2O, CZTSe, CuSCN) materials demonstrated excellent compatibility. The effect of back metal contact, temperature, series, and shunt resistance on the photovoltaic parameters was also elucidated for all three perovskite materials. Increasing the work function of back contact up to 5.9 eV improves the photovoltaic parameters, indicating selenium to be an optimum material. Numerical analysis of 27 attainable structures yields the best one to be CZTSe/CsSnGeI3/PCBM with a power conversion efficiency of 32.41% (

J

S
C

= 28.73 mA cm−2,

V

O
C

= 1.29 V, and FF = 87.35%). The PCE obtained from these structures ranges from 25.14% to 32.41%, indicating that all the reported structures here have the potential to be highly efficient, lead-free, and stable solar cell structures.
Continuously tuneable acoustic metasurface for high order transmitted acoustic vortices
Authors: Gong Kemeng , Zhou Xin , Mo Jiliang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Existed tuneable acoustic metasurfaces (AMSs) can only transfer high order orbital angular momentum by converting the incident wave into reflected acoustic vortices (AVs). Here, a continuously tuneable AMS is designed and fabricated to produce transmitted AVs with multiple orders. The proposed AMS is composed of multiple layers of reconfigurable sector-shaped resonator-based units. A new design mechanism of the tuneable AMS is proposed to ensure that the discrete precision of the phase shift is not affected by the number of the layer. The theoretical, numerical and experimental results prove that the proposed AMS is able to continuously generate high-order transmitted AVs, which is promising in applications of real-time acoustic rotational manipulations such as acoustic microfluidics, cell manipulation, acoustic tweezers and acoustic communication.
Multiuser optical image authentication platform based on sparse constraint and polar decomposition in Fresnel domain
Authors: Sachin  , Kumar Ravi , Singh Phool 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a new multiuser optical image encryption and authentication technique is proposed. Sparse multiplexing and polar decomposition are used in the Fresnel domain to obtain the ciphertext of an input image. To enable the multiuser platform, multiple private keys are obtained through polar decomposition during the encryption process. It will allow multiple authorized users to access the secure information simultaneously without having a key distribution problem among them. The proposed method has a large key space and is robust against several attacks, such as contamination attacks (noise and occlusion), brute force attack, plaintext attacks, and special iterative attack. A comparative analysis of the presented technique is also performed with the similar existing techniques. The numerical simulation results demonstrate the robustness and feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
A new semiconducting full Heusler Li2BeX (X = Si, Ge and Sn): first-principles phonon and Boltzmann calculations
Authors: Bouadi Abed , Lantri Tayeb , Mesbah Smain , Houari Mohammed , Ameri Ibrahim , Blaha Lamia , Ameri Mohammed , Al-Douri Y , El-Rehim A F Abd 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Full Potential-Linearized Augmented Plane Wave (FP-LAPW) is employed into density functional theory (DFT) within WIEN2k package to explore and investigate the thermoelectric, mechanical, electronic and structural properties of full-Heusler alloys Li2BeX (X = Si, Ge and Sn) were explored. The exchange and correlation potential are treated by different approximations: the generalized gradient approximation with Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof scheme (GGA-PBE) and Tran–Blaha modified Becke–Johnson (mBJ-GGA). The results achieved for the electronic properties show that these compounds are semiconductor in nature with an indirect band gap, of values: 0.60 eV, 0.55 eV and 0.24 eV for Li2BeSi, Li2BeGe and Li2BeSn, respectively. In addition, these materials are mechanically stable owing to the fact that the conditions required for this mechanical stability satisfy Born’s criteria, and are of a brittle nature due to the calculated values of the ratios (B/G), on the other hand, these compounds are dynamically stable due to the non-presence of negative frequencies following the detailed study of phonons. These compounds are characterized by a high figure of merit (ZT) (close to unity) and high Seebeck coefficient (S), making them promising candidates for thermoelectric applications.
Excitation spectra of one-dimensional spin-1/2 Fermi gas with an attraction
Authors: Pan Jia-Feng , Luo Jia-Jia , Guan Xi-Wen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUsing an exact Bethe ansatz solution, we rigorously study excitation spectra of the spin-1/2 Fermi gas (called Yang–Gaudin model) with an attractive interaction. Elementary excitations of this model involve particle-hole excitation, hole excitation and adding particles in the Fermi seas of pairs and unpaired fermions. The gapped magnon excitations in the spin sector show a ferromagnetic coupling to the Fermi sea of the single fermions. By numerically and analytically solving the Bethe ansatz equations and the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations of this model, we obtain excitation energies for various polarizations in the phase of the Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov-like state. For a small momentum (long-wavelength limit) and in the strong interaction regime, we analytically obtained their linear dispersions with curvature corrections, effective masses as well as velocities in particle-hole excitations of pairs and unpaired fermions. Such a type of particle-hole excitations display a novel separation of collective motions of bosonic modes within paired and unpaired fermions. Finally, we also discuss magnon excitations in the spin sector and the application of Bragg spectroscopy for testing such separated charge excitation modes of pairs and single fermions.
Revisiting the Evidence for an Intermediate-mass Black Hole in the Center of NGC 6624 with Simulations
Authors: Wang Li-Chun , Xie Yi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The acceleration of LMXB 4U 1820-30 derived from its orbital-period derivative

P

̇

b

was supposed to be the evidence for an Intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) in the Galactic globular cluster (GC) NGC 6624. However, we find that the anomalous

P

̇

b

is mainly due to the gravitational wave emission, rather than the acceleration in cluster potential. Using the standard structure models of GCs, we simulate acceleration distributions for pulsars in the central region of the cluster. By fitting the acceleration of J1823-3021A with the simulated distribution profiles (maximum values), it is suggested that an IMBH with mass

M
≳

950

−
350

+
550

M

⊙

may reside in the cluster center. We further show that the second period derivative

P

̈

of J1823-3021A is probably due to the gravitational perturbation of a nearby star.
Stable, long-term single-neuronal recording from the rat spinal cord with flexible carbon nanotube fiber electrodes
Authors: Liu Xiaojun , Xu Zheng , Fu Xuefeng , Liu Yang , Jia Huilin , Yang Ziqian , Zhang Jing , Wei Shiyuan , Duan Xiaojie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective. Flexible implantable electrodes enable months-long stable recording of single-unit signals from rat brains. Despite extensive efforts in the development of flexible probes for brain recording, thus far there are no conclusions on their application in long-term single neuronal recording from the spinal cord which is more mechanically active. To this end, we realized the chronic recording of single-unit signals from the spinal cord of freely-moving rats using flexible carbon nanotube fiber (CNTF) electrodes. Approach. We developed flexible CNTF electrodes for intraspinal recording. Continuous in vivo impedance monitoring and histology studies were conducted to explore the critical factors determining the longevity of the recording, as well as to illustrate the evolution of the electrode–tissue interface. Gait analysis were performed to evaluate the biosafety of the chronic intraspinal implantation of the CNTF electrodes. Main results. By increasing the insulation thickness of the CNTF electrodes, single-unit signals were continuously recorded from the spinal cord of freely-moving rats without electrode repositioning for 3–4 months. Single neuronal and local field potential activities in response to somatic mechanical stimulation were successfully recorded from the spinal dorsal horns. Histological data demonstrated the ability of the CNTF microelectrodes to form an improved intraspinal interfaces with greatly reduced gliosis compared to their stiff metal counterparts. Continuous impedance monitoring suggested that the longevity of the intraspinal recording with CNTF electrodes was determined by the insulation durability. Gait analysis showed that the chronic presence of the CNTF electrodes caused no noticeable locomotor deficits in rats. Significance. It was found that the chronic recording from the spinal cord faces more stringent requirements on the electrode structural durability than recording from the brain. The stable, long-term intraspinal recording provides unique capabilities for studying the physiological functions of the spinal cord relating to motor, sensation, and autonomic control in both health and disease.
Full statistics of nonstationary heat transfer in the Kipnis–Marchioro–Presutti model
Authors: Bettelheim Eldad , Smith Naftali R , Meerson Baruch 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We investigate non-stationary heat transfer in the Kipnis–Marchioro–Presutti (KMP) lattice gas model at long times in one dimension when starting from a localized heat distribution. At large scales this initial condition can be described as a delta-function, u(x, t = 0) = Wδ(x). We characterize the process by the heat transferred to the right of a specified point x = X by time T,

J
=

∫

X

∞

u

(

x
,
t
=
T

)

d
x
,

and study the full probability distribution

P

(

J
,
X
,
T

)

. The particular case of X = 0 has been recently solved by Bettelheim et al (2022 Phys. Rev. Lett.
128 130602). At fixed J, the distribution

P

as a function of X and T has the same long-time dynamical scaling properties as the position of a tracer in a single-file diffusion. Here we evaluate

P

(

J
,
X
,
T

)

by exploiting the recently uncovered complete integrability of the equations of the macroscopic fluctuation theory (MFT) for the KMP model and using the Zakharov–Shabat inverse scattering method. We also discuss asymptotics of

P

(

J
,
X
,
T

)

which we extract from the exact solution and also obtain by applying two different perturbation methods directly to the MFT equations.
Design and Simulation of Miniaturization of Triangular Shape Dielectric Resonator Antenna Using AMC Surface for 5G Applications
Authors: Raghavendra Ch , Pranav V S N , Umasri R , Siva Nageswara Rao T , Nikhita K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) is a radio antenna. It is built up of ceramic material into blocks of various forms and is generally suitable at frequencies larger than 1 GHz (microwave frequencies and higher than microwave frequencies). Using this Dielectric Resonator Antenna, the operating frequency is achieved at 4.8GHz for 5G applications like IOT (Internet of Things), AI (Artificial Intelligence). Here, artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) surface is used to miniaturize a triangular shaped Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA). There are nine tiny copper patches forms the Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) surface having gap of 1.5mm between the patches. AMC is installed on FR4 substrate which has dielectric constant as 4.4. On the AMC surface, a Dielectric Resonator (DR) of dielectric constant 2.2 is placed. The surface of the Artificial Magnetic Conductor is shorted with ground metal using tiny metallic vias. Antenna characteristics such as antenna gain, resonant frequency, and efficiency will not be affected due to the usage of Dielectric Resonator. As a result, the overall volume of DRA is significantly diminishing. There are three primary aspects in this design: (a) Impedance matching using a Parasitic Metallic Strip (b) Design miniaturisation with an AMC surface (c) Simple microstrip line Feeding. Overall volume of Dielectric Resonator Antenna size reduced by 85%. In addition, when compared to the original Dielectric Resonator Antenna without the surface of Artificial Magnetic Conductor, the ground surface is lowered by 15.5 percent.
Photonic crystal race track ring resonator design for the detection of cancer cells
Authors: Biswas Uttara , Rakshit Jayanta Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Some of body’s cells grow in an uncontrolled manner and spreads to the other parts of the body due to cancer. Also in cancer, normal body cells infiltrate and destroy rapidly. Though the advanced treatment process has improved the survival rates of cancer, but still the cancer holds the second highest place as the leading cause of death throughout the world. But diagnosis at the earlier stage may cure the disease and improve the survival rates. In the reported article, photonic crystal based racetrack shaped ring resonator is designed using FDTD simulation to conduct study of cancer cell detection and a very high sensitivity of 900 nm/RIU is obtained from the analysis.
High pass filter based on one-dimensional graded photonic crystal
Authors: Ankita  , Bissa Shivangi , Suthar Bhuvneshwer , Bhargava Anami 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, a graded thickness photonic crystal is studied containing metamaterial and air multilayers. Transmission spectra are calculated using the transfer matrix method. The transmission values of proposed structure increases with frequency and attain values as unity, which can show an application as optical high pass filter. The frequency corresponding to half transmission value i.e. cut-off frequency of proposed optical high pass filter can be tuned with the graded index parameter.
Design of UWB Antenna for Multimedia and High-Speed Automotive Communication
Authors: Sriram A. , Sangeetha M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper reveals a planar ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with defective ground structure is designed and analyzed. A size of 24 × 24 × 1.6 mm3 circular shaped proposed UWB antenna uses FR-4 substrate covering the impedance bandwidth (S11 ≤ −10 dB) of 11 GHz ranging from 2.9 GHz to 13.9 GHz and also offers a peak gain of 5.1 dBi, more than 65% of efficiency in overall UWB operating band with omnidirectional radiation pattern. The simulated results of proposed UWB planar antenna have good performance, and is well-suited for high-speed and multimedia communications in vehicular environment.
Coverage Optimization in LoRa with Diverse Fading Wireless Channels
Authors: Gnanaselvam R , Vasanthi M S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In LoRa (Long Range) network, the Probability of Coverage (PoCov) in the LoRa User Equipment (UEs) is evaluated in diverse fading wireless channels through closed expressions, particularly considering the distribution of Nakagami and Rayleigh wireless fading channels. The PoCov in Nakagami-m fading channel has been calculated approximately, similarly, the PoCov in Rayleigh fading channel was evaluated in an extract manner. Moreover, we see the effect of diverse interference under PoCov performance. In particular, consider interferences such as intra Spreading Factor (SF), inter SF, and both inter and intra SF.
Microstrip feed dual band and triple band frequency reconfigurable antenna for diverse applications
Authors: Jhansi Rani A , Raghunadh K , Siva Sai Srinivas T , Pranathi V , Megha Sree K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A compact reconfigurable antenna which can operate at wide range of frequency bands like ITU-band (7.725 GHz– 8.5 GHz), X-band (8-12.5GHz) and Wi-Fi (3.6 GHz, 5 GHz, and 5.9 GHz) very efficiently with gain ranging from 10dB to 12dB which can be useful for commercial applications is designed. A circular shaped antenna with microstrip line feeding is designed with highest switching rate with the abet of two-diodes which provides state of flexibility in terms of frequency reconfigurability, number of operating bands, frequency reconfigurability and stable radiation pattern with easily fabricating opportunities consists of stub loaded circular patch radiator. The novelty of proposed ultramodern antenna in terms of the band-width frequency reconfigurability, and multiple operating modes are achieved due to the collation performance of the suggested antenna operates in commercial applications.
Investigations on Mode Analysis of Distributed Bragg Reflector based Hybrid Plasmonic Terahertz Waveguide
Authors: Mahankali Pallavi , Rama Rao T , Susila M 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Terahertz (THz) technology is emerging field and is fascinating to the researchers who are working with photonics integrated circuits. With technological advancements and developments for various applications, a novel distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) based hybrid plasmonic terahertz waveguide (HPTW) is proposed and designed to operate at 3 THz with Graphene, Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), High-density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Aluminium Gallium Arsenide (AlGaAs) is discussed in this work. To bring the confinement of the THz wave in a small mode area efficiently, a stripe is introduced between graphene and DBR in HDPE. The normalized mode area is decreased to about 3.733 x 10-3 µm2 by reducing the stripe’s width from 20 to 14 µm with a constant of stripe’s height of 1 µm. The Figure of Merit (FOM) and Propagation Length (PL) increases inversely in correspondence with the stripe’s width from 1.4 to 4.8 and 6 to 16.8 µm respectively.
Pressure Dependent Characteristics of 1D Random Photonic Crystals
Authors: Lakshmi Thara R , Aruna Priya P. , Nayak Chittaranjan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The effects of hydrostatic pressure on the defective random one dimensional photonic crystals (1DPC) were investigated for the two cases of polymeric materials. The polymers, Polystyrene (PS), and Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) act as the defect layer. Where the random structure is modeled with a combination of silicon and silica. The transmission spectra of the two multilayer photonic structures under pressure are analyzed using the transfer matrix method. The numerical results reveal a significant shift of localized states towards the shorter wavelength i.e., from 1550 to 1405 nm for the pressure range of 0-6 GPa. The localized states are very narrow which depends on the photoelastic relations between the selected materials. The sensitivity and R2 value obtained in PMMA inserted random structure is 29.5 nm/GPa and 0.959 respectively. When PMMA is replaced by Polystyrene, the sensitivity and the R2 value is improved to 35 nm/GPa and 0.987 respectively. These properties facilitate their applications in designing pressure sensors. The proposed configurations are physically realizable and versatile.
A Machine Learning approach for classification of ovarian tumours
Authors: Heartlin Maria H. , Maria Jossy A. , Malarvizhi S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ovarian tumours are abnormal growths in the ovaries which can be either cancerous or non-cancerous. Ovarian cancer is reported to cause more deaths than any other female reproductive cancers. In order to reduce the death rate, early diagnosis and treatment is required. In the recent days, Artificial Intelligence (AI) based Computer Aided Diagnosis(CAD) is being used performed in order to reduce human errors. This work is one such CAD based classification system to classify of benign and malignant ovarian tumours. Six popular Machine Learning(ML) algorithms have been applied on clinical ovarian bio-markers with an aim to classify the tumours. Also, a comparative study between the applied ML techniques is given in the result and discussion section.
Vision-Based Obstacle Detection and Collision Prevention in Self-Driving Cars
Authors: Sarada Devi Y , Sathvik S , Ananya P , Tharuni P , Naga Krishna Vamsi N 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
With increasing computational power and a vast amount of data to work with, deep learning has risen to prominence since the 2010s. Numerous applications are being researched and developed using deep learning. One of the applications is computer vision in self-driving cars. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are being widely used because of their high performance compared to other alternative techniques in several perception and control tasks. The Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) allows the automobile to learn from different types of roads, scenarios allowing the car to forecast its route on any particular road with minimum inaccuracy. This paper proposes a working model of the autonomous car, which has a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B as the control unit and processing unit. This working model gets real-time images from the Raspberry Pi camera and these images are used by the CNN model, which predicts the direction the car must turn. The raspberry pi sends the control signals to the L298n motor driver. The trained CNN model achieved an accuracy of 96.39% with the test dataset and 84.77% with the validation dataset.
Brain Cancer Detection by Using Cluster Evaluation Technique
Authors: Suneetha Bobbillapati , Jhansi Rani A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The diagnosis of brain cancer is made by a radiologist using a Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan, which takes a long time. The majority of brain tumour recognition approaches provide detailed information on the tumour and need providing an accurate report on tumour proximity. So a formal consultation with a radiologist is required, that becomes an unnecessary expense if a non-tumor understanding is discovered. The goal of the paper is to provide a supporting system that will assist radiologist in knowing the results ahead of time, reducing the time spent on the core worry of tumour disclosure. The following stages are included in the suggested procedure. The Magnetic Resonance Image of Brain is initially obtained from the Brain MRI Image instructional collection. The selected MRI image is sent to Pre-Processing in the second stage, where the film workmanship markings are erased. The large repeated regions of the MRI image are removed in the third step utilizing separate filtering techniques. Finally, in this suggested study, the proposed approach explores the optimum improved methodology, called as Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). The proposed strategies reduce the time irregularity in the region of brain tumour, resulting in increased precision. The MRI images of brain are used as data in this study. The end users examine the report of MRI on their own, without the assistance of a radiologist.