bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wildlife feeding activities induce papillae proliferation in the rumen of fallow deer
Authors: McLaughlin Deirdre , Griffin Laura L. , Ciuti Simone , Stewart Gavin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWildlife feeding activities are growing as a trend in recent years, with wild ruminants (e.g. deer in urban parks) receiving an increasingly unnatural diet as a result of public attention. The effects of diet on the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants have been established in the context of animal agriculture, with highly modified diets driving morphological changes in the rumen papillae. However, these dietary effects have not been widely explored in wild ruminants that are exposed to recreational feeding. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of human-wildlife feeding interactions on the rumen papillae of a wild population of fallow deer in Phoenix Park, Dublin. The length, width, and density of the ventral rumen papillae were compared across a variety of feeding behaviours, ranging from deer that consistently accept food from humans to deer that rarely, if ever, accept food from humans. The surface enlargement factor (SEF) was also calculated as a measure of overall absorptive surface in the rumen and was similarly compared. Statistical analysis revealed that consistent acceptors of food had significantly higher papillae density than those that do not accept food. Increased papillae density in deer receiving high amounts of human food suggests a shift in the internal rumen environment. A lack of significant change in the SEF suggests that a cellular change may be occurring. This artificial rumen state requires further attention to elucidate the full extent of these feeding impacts on the gastrointestinal integrity of these wild deer. Moreover, this is a call for research into other human-wildlife feeding interactions that occur in human-dominated landscapes, beyond the deer of Phoenix Park.
Enhanced Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm for Parameter Estimation of PID Controller
Authors: Issa Mohamed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is a key component in most engineering applications. The main disadvantage of PID is the selection of the best values for its parameters using traditional methods that do not achieve the best response. In this work, the recently released empirical identification algorithm that is the Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA) was used to determine the best values of the PID parameters. AOA was selected due to its effective exploration ability. Unfortunately, AOA cannot achieve the best parameter values due to its poor exploitation of search space. Hence, the performance of the AOA exploit is improved by combining it with the Harris Hawk Optimization (HHO) algorithm which has an efficient exploit mechanism. In addition, avoidance of trapping in the local lower bounds of AOA–HHO is enhanced by the inclusion of perturbation and mutation factors. The proposed AOA–HHO algorithm is tested when choosing the best values for PID parameters to control two engineering applications namely DC motor regulation and three fluid level sequential tank systems. AOA–HHO has superiority over AOA and comparative algorithms.
The mechanisms and applications of friction energy dissipation
Authors: Liu Huan , Yang Boming , Wang Chong , Han Yishu , Liu Dameng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAbout 30% of the world’s primary energy consumption is in friction. The economic losses caused by friction energy dissipation and wear account for about 2%–7% of its gross domestic product (GDP) for different countries every year. The key to reducing energy consumption is to control the way of energy dissipation in the friction process. However, due to many various factors affecting friction and the lack of efficient detection methods, the energy dissipation mechanism in friction is still a challenging problem. Here, we firstly introduce the classical microscopic mechanism of friction energy dissipation, including phonon dissipation, electron dissipation, and non-contact friction energy dissipation. Then, we attempt to summarize the ultrafast friction energy dissipation and introduce the high-resolution friction energy dissipation detection system, since the origin of friction energy dissipation is essentially related to the ultrafast dynamics of excited electrons and phonons. Finally, the application of friction energy dissipation in representative high-end equipment is discussed, and the potential economic saving is predicted.
Lipschitz geometry of pairs of normally embedded Hölder triangles
Authors: Birbrair Lev , Gabrielov Andrei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe consider a special case of the outer bi-Lipschitz classification of real semialgebraic (or, more general, definable in a polynomially bounded o-minimal structure) surface germs, obtained as a union of two normally embedded Hölder triangles. We define a combinatorial invariant of an equivalence class of such surface germs, called $$\sigma \tau $$

σ
τ

-pizza, and conjecture that, in this special case, it is a complete combinatorial invariant of outer bi-Lipschitz equivalence.
Stability assessment of long gateroad pillar in ultra-thick coal seam: an extensive field and numerical study
Authors: Zhu Zhijie , Li Danqi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sustainability of an underground longwall operation is highly dependent on stability of the pillars during the panels extractions to ensure the continuous serviceability of gateroads. In Chinese underground longwall mining, the gateroads are typically driven as a single roadway with a “long gateroad pillar” which is different to a common practice where a gateroad consists of a number of pillars known as chain pillars. Such a unique practice has been proven to be more economical with maximum recovery while the safety remains at its highest level. In this study, based on the data obtained from Tongxin coal mine in China, the mechanical stability of the driven long gateroad pillar was investigated. The focus was on two nearby longwall top coal caving panels and their impacts on the mechanical behaviour of long gateroad pillar during the longwall retreat. To do so, initially an area of the gateroad was selected for the field instrumentation and data collection. These included vertical stress measurement and depth of damage assessment within the gateroad pillar and the longwall panel. Hence, the convergence level of gateroad was quantified to be used for the numerical modelling and assessing the performance of the designed long gateroad pillar based on the finite difference modelling technique using FLAC3D. Double-yield and strain-softening ubiquitous-joint constitutive models were used to simulate goaf material and strata, respectively. Finally, an extensive sensitivity analysis was conducted to compare the mechanical behaviour of a range of wide and narrow long gateroad pillars. It was concluded that the 50 m wide pillar is an ideal dimension for the future panels of Tongxin coal mine to achieve the maximum productivity and safety.

Article highlights

The validated numerical model was used to study on stability of “long gateroad pillar”.

Premature yielding of the 38 m pillar would lead to severe geotechnical issues.

Deep roof blasting of goaf edge or 50 m pillar can improve pillar conditions
Generation of ring-shaped human iPSC-derived functional heart microtissues in a Möbius strip configuration
Authors: Xu Yan , Qi Jingqi , Zhou Wenyan , Liu Xing , Zhang Longbo , Yao Xudong , Wu Hongwei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) have been used for disease modeling and drug discovery, clinically relevant three-dimensional (3D) functional myocardial microtissues are lacking. Here, we developed a novel ring-shaped cardiac microtissue comprised of chamber-specific tissues to achieve a geometrically non-orientable ventricular myocardial band, similar to a Möbius loop. The ring-shaped cardiac tissue was constructed of hiPSC-CMs and human cardiac fibroblasts (hCFs) through a facile cellular self-assembly approach. It exhibited basic anatomical structure, positive cardiac troponin T (cTnT) immunostaining, regular calcium transients, and cardiac-like mechanical strength. The cardiac rings can be self-assembled and scaled up into various sizes with outstanding stability, suggesting their potential for precise therapy, pathophysiological investigation, and large-scale drug screening.
Graphic abstract
Oviposition deterrence and repellent activities of selected essential oils against Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae): laboratory and greenhouse investigations
Authors: Lo Pinto Mirella , Vella Leandro , Agrò Alfonso 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTuta absoluta, an invasive pinworm characterized by high reproductive potential and adaptation to different agroecological conditions, cause serious damage to tomato crops. Chemical control with synthetic insecticides is widely used to control this pest, although pesticides exhibit side effects on non-target organisms and negatively impact the environment, with the occurrence of resistance to some active substances in the target pest. The use of essential oils (EOs) from aromatic or officinal plants could represent an environmentally safe control method, alternative to synthetic insecticide application. In this work we investigated the effect of EOs from Spanish oregano, laurel, basil, garlic, peppermint, cypress, and eucalyptus EOs on T. absoluta oviposition deterrence and larval repellency. Results showed a remarkable oviposition deterrence using laurel, Spanish oregano, basil, and garlic EOs in both laboratory and greenhouse experiments. In no-choice repellence tests carried 1, 2, 6, and 22 h after treatment application, peppermint and Spanish oregano EOs showed the most lasting effects while cypress and eucalyptus EOs were not effective after 6 and 22 h, respectively. In choice tests, at either 5 or 22 h after treatment application, low preference for the test over control by larvae was observed in all treatments, except for basil EO. The most promising effects were observed in Spanish oregano and laurel treatments where no larvae were detected. Repellent effectiveness of EOs does not seem to be influenced when larvae did not get a chance to do a choice between treated and untreated leaves. This study highlights the effectiveness of EOs of aromatic or officinal plants as an alternative to synthetic insecticides for the control of T. absoluta.
International Nuclear Medicine Consensus on the Clinical Use of Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Tian Mei , Zuo Chuantao , Civelek Ali Cahid , Carrio Ignasi , Watanabe Yasuyoshi , Kang Keon Wook , Murakami Koji , Garibotto Valentina , Prior John O. , Barthel Henryk , Guan Yihui , Lu Jiaying , Zhou Rui , Jin Chentao , Wu Shuang , Zhang Xiaohui , Zhong Yan , Zhang Hong ,   Molecular Imaging-Based Precision Medicine Task Group of A3 (China-Japan-Korea) Foresight Program
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia, with its diagnosis and management remaining challenging. Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) has become increasingly important in medical practice for patients with AD. To integrate and update previous guidelines in the field, a task group of experts of several disciplines from multiple countries was assembled, and they revised and approved the content related to the application of amyloid PET in the medical settings of cognitively impaired individuals, focusing on clinical scenarios, patient preparation, administered activities, as well as image acquisition, processing, interpretation and reporting. In addition, expert opinions, practices, and protocols of prominent research institutions performing research on amyloid PET of dementia are integrated. With the increasing availability of amyloid PET imaging, a complete and standard pipeline for the entire examination process is essential for clinical practice. This international consensus and practice guideline will help to promote proper clinical use of amyloid PET imaging in patients with AD.
Clinical Utility of the Sivelestat for the Treatment of ALI/ARDS: Moving on in the Controversy?
Authors: Ding Qiongli , Wang Yi , Yang Chunbo , Li Xiang , Yu Xiangyou 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious condition that can arise following direct or indirect acute lung injury (ALI). It is heterogeneous and has a high mortality rate. Supportive care is the mainstay of treatment and there is no definitive pharmacological treatment as yet. In nonclinical studies, neutrophil elastase inhibitor sivelestat appears to show benefit in ARDS without inhibiting the host immune defense in cases of infection. In clinical studies, the efficacy of sivelestat in the treatment of ARDS remains controversial. The currently available evidence suggests that sivelestat may show some benefit in the treatment of ARDS, although large, randomized controlled trials are needed in specific pathophysiological conditions to explore these potential benefits.
Clinical diagnosis and treatment of “atypical” HELLP syndrome
Authors: He Ying-dong , Yang Hui-xia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHELLP syndrome is regarded as one of the most serious manifestations of preeclampsia, but approximately 15% of patients with HELLP syndrome have no clinical manifestations of preeclampsia; furthermore, although most cases of HELLP syndrome occur after 34 weeks, some cases occur at a much earlier gestational stage, even before 20 weeks of gestation, the underlying pathogenesis of “atypical” HELLP syndrome with very early onset or the basis of non-preeclampsia manifestations should be more actively explored. Obstetricians should carefully identify the potential etiology of “atypical” HELLP syndrome in order to provide a reasonable treatment and improve maternal and fetal prognosis.
Outcomes Following Gender Affirming Phalloplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Annie M.Q. , Tsang Vivian , Mankowski Peter , Demsey Daniel , Kavanagh Alex , Genoway Krista 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionPhalloplasty is one of the genital genders affirming surgeries sought by transmasculine transgender patients during transition. Despite current advances in surgical techniques, the lack of consistency in outcomes evaluation for phalloplasty leads to significant challenges in guiding patients in clinical decision making.AimsThis systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess outcomes for different phalloplasty surgical techniques.MethodsThe literature was searched using Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE; PubMed), Excerpta Medica database, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. All English-language randomized control trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case series, and case reports of at least 4 patients were included. The primary outcome was postoperative complications, and the secondary outcomes were functional and aesthetic results. Proportional meta-analysis was used to pool complication rates using a random-effects model.ResultsDatabase searching generated 39 final articles, with 19 case series, 3 cross-sectional studies, and 17 retrospective cohort studies. A total of 1731 patients underwent phalloplasty, with the most common type of reconstruction performed being the radial forearm free flap (75.1%). Overall complication rate was high at 76.5%, of which urethral complications were high in all reconstructive subgroups (urethral fistula rate of 34.1% and urethral stricture rate of 25.4%). Postoperative functional outcomes were reported in 57.6% of patients, finding that most had tactile sensation (93.9%) and can void while standing (92.2%). Aesthetic outcomes were only reported in 6.3% of patients, with mean length achieved being 12.26 cm (SD = 0.81 cm) and mean circumference being 10.18 cm (SD = 3.69 cm).ConclusionIn the transmasculine transgender population, current evidence of the various phalloplasty surgical techniques and their expected postoperative outcomes is weak. Future research may consider developing a standardized core outcome set to improve clinical decision making.
Domestic Implementation of Crimes against Humanity in Central Asia
Authors: Atadjanov Rustam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCrimes against humanity constitute mass crimes against civilian populations and represent the so-called ‘core crimes’ of international criminal law. Central Asian states have so far abstained from incorporating thecorpus delictiof crimes against humanity in their criminal legislation. After a short overview of the current status of crimes against humanity under international law, this article analyses the domestic legislation of five Central Asian countries: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It looks at current Criminal Codes to suggest how those could be strengthened by the inclusion of properly formulated crimes against humanity dispositions, taking into account the peculiarities of these national legal systems. The article also offers a brief review of possible factors which might have precluded the states in question from proper implementation. It argues in favour of such implementation, delineating its legal benefits and potential advantages for both State Parties and non-State Parties to the Rome Statute in Central Asia.
Erythrocyte oxidative stress and thrombosis
Authors: Bettiol Alessandra , Galora Silvia , Argento Flavia Rita , Fini Eleonora , Emmi Giacomo , Mattioli Irene , Bagni Giacomo , Fiorillo Claudia , Becatti Matteo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Thrombosis is a common disorder with a relevant burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among elderly patients. Growing evidence demonstrated a direct role of oxidative stress in thrombosis, with various cell types contributing to this process. Among them, erythrocytes produce high quantities of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase activation and haemoglobin autoxidation. Concomitantly, extracellular ROS released by other cells in the blood flow can be uptaken and accumulate within erythrocytes. This oxidative milieu can alter erythrocyte membrane structure, leading to an impaired erythrocyte function, and promoting erythrocytes lysis, binding to endothelial cells, activation of platelet and of coagulation factors, phosphatidylserine exposure and release of microvesicles. Moreover, these abnormal erythrocytes are able to adhere to the vessel wall, contributing to thrombin generation within the thrombus. This process results in accelerated haemolysis and in a hypercoagulable state, in which structurally impaired erythrocytes contribute to increase thrombus size, to reduce its permeability and susceptibility to lysis. However, the wide plethora of mechanisms by which oxidised erythrocytes contribute to thrombosis is not completely elucidated. This review discusses the main biochemical aspects linking erythrocytes, oxidative stress and thrombosis, addressing their potential implication for clinical and therapeutic management.
Ideas, Coalition Magnets and Policy Change: Comparing Variation in Early Childhood Education and Care Policy Expansion across Four Latecomer Countries
Authors: Mohun Himmelweit Samuel , Lee Sung-Hee 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article examines variation in early childhood education and care (ECEC) expansion in four ‘latecomer’ reformers: Germany, England, South Korea and Japan. Taking a comparative approach through an analysis of policy documents, it focuses on the role of ideas as coalition magnets in explaining the more extensive and sustained policy shifts in Germany and Korea, in contrast to the more limited and fragmented reforms in England and Japan. As the comparative literature struggles to explain variation in ECEC expansion, this focus on ideas provides a significant contribution, highlighting why ECEC reform became supported by a broad cross-class coalition in Germany and Korea but not in England or Japan. The theoretical contribution argues that coalition magnets are formed when the polysemic potential of a policy is drawn out by key actors strategically linking it to several problem definitions, which can appeal to diverse political actors and forge lasting consensus for reform.
The prevalence and nutritional status of adolescent Saudi girls with disordered eating
Authors: El Shikieri Ahlam Badreldin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study on adolescents was intended to assess the prevalence of disordered eating attitudes and the nutritional status of adolescent girls in Saudi Arabia. Disordered eating attitudes and behaviour were assessed using the EAT-26. The type of eating disorder (ED) was determined using Diagnostic statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition. The nutritional status of the adolescent girls was determined by measuring their weight and height twice using standard protocols. The BMI-for-age and height-for-age were defined using WHO growth charts. Comparisons between adolescent girls with and without EDs were conducted using SPSS version 26. Eating disorders (EDs) were prevalent among 10⋅2 % of these girls. Other specified feeding or EDs were the most prevalent ED (7⋅6 %), followed by unspecified feeding or eating disorder (2⋅4 %). Anorexia nervosa was common among 0⋅3 % of the girls. The eating disordered adolescents were either overweight (7⋅7 %), obese (10⋅3 %), stunted (7⋅7 %) or severely stunted (2⋅6 %). ANOVA revealed that the BMI-for-age was influenced by age (P = 0⋅028), the type of ED (P = 0⋅019) and the EAT-26 (P < 0⋅0001). Pearson's correlation showed that the EAT-26 score increased significantly with the BMI (r 0⋅22, P = 0⋅0001), height (r 0⋅12, P = 0⋅019) and weight (r 0⋅22, P = 0⋅0001). The early detection of EDs among adolescents is highly recommended to reduce the risk associated with future impaired health status. Nutrition professionals must target adolescents, teachers and parents and provide nutritional education about the early signs and symptoms of ED and the benefits of following a healthy dietary pattern.