bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The oviposition cue indole inhibits animal-host attraction in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes
Authors: Dekel Amir , Sar-Shalom Evyatar , Vainer Yuri , Yakir Esther , Bohbot Jonathan D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Mosquitoes represent a major source of disease transmission worldwide. They possess the uncanny ability to discriminate between different ecological resources, including nectar sources, animal-hosts, and oviposition sites, a feature mediated by their exquisite olfactory system. Insect repellents such as N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide, also called DEET, have been shown to activate and inhibit mosquito odorant receptors, resulting in behavioral modulation. This and other repellents available for personal protection against mosquitoes are topically applied on the skin and operate at a short range. In our search for potential long-range inhibitors of human-host attractants, we have hypothesized that the shared chemical similarities between indole and DEET may confer the former the ability to block odorant receptor function and inhibit human-host attraction.
Methods
We used the two-electrode voltage clamp of Xenopus laevis oocytes as a pharmacological platform, to compare the pharmacological effect of commercially-available insect repellents and indole on the Aedes aegypti (R)-1-octen-3-ol receptor OR8, a receptor involved in the decision of female mosquitoes to identify human hosts. We conducted an arm-in-a-cage and a wind-tunnel bioassays to explore the effect of indole on human-host seeking female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
Results
We provide evidence that indole inhibits the Aedes aegypti (R)-1-octen-3-ol receptor OR8, a receptor involved in the decision of female mosquitoes to identify human hosts. In our arm-in-a-cage assay, one molar DEET reduced mosquito visits on average by 69.3% while the same indole concentration achieved 97.8% inhibition. This effect of indole on flight visits was dose-dependent and disappeared at one micromolar. In our long-range bioassay, indole elicited on average 27.5% lower speed, 42.3% lower upwind velocity and 30.4% higher tortuosity compared to our synthetic blend.
Conclusions
Indole significantly inhibits OR8 activation by (R)-1-octen-3-ol, mosquito visits to a human hand, and long-range human-host seeking. The volatility of indole may be leveraged to develop a novel insect repellent in the context of personal mosquito.
Evaluation of Batch and Equilibrium Cr 6+ adsorption on Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles via isothermal and kinetic studies
Authors: Singh Rimmy , Bhateria Rachna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Since many centuries, we have progressively tracked our capacities in the field of water contamination. An intense increase in heavy metals have led to the problems needing priority concerns. This experimental work aims to investigate the adsorption of Cr6+ ions onto magnetite nanoparticles. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by one-step chemical reduction method and characterized by using High Resolution Transmission Electron Spectroscopy (HRTEM), Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to evaluate the details about nanoparticles. HRTEM analysis determined the average size of 42.90 nm and spherical morphology of the nanoparticles. To study the effect of different process variables such as concentration of Cr6+ ions (10–60 mgL− 1), pH (1–9), temperature (15–40°C), Fe3O4 NPs dose (10–80 mg) and contact time (15–60 minutes) and to optimized them, conventional batch experimental method was used. Various models were applied to the obtained data to mathematically conclude it. Maximum adsorption capacity (0.15 mg g− 1) was calculated by Langmuir model. Additionally, Freundlich, Temkin and D-R models were also interpreted to find the best fit. In this study, Temkin model was found the best fit with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99. However, Pseudo second order describes the adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic study concluded the spontaneity and exothermic nature of the process. The recovered nanoparticles were used 3 times to find the regeneration capacity. Hence, the results demonstrates that Fe3O4 nanoparticles can be the potential material for heavy metal removal from wastewater and additional modifications can enhance their efficiency for further applications.
Malnutrition Screening and Treatment in Pediatric Oncology: A systematic review
Authors: Franke Jessica , Bishop Chris , Runco Daniel V. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Malnutrition and cachexia during pediatric cancer treatment worsen toxicity and quality-of-life. Clinical practice varies with lack of standard malnutrition definition and nutrition interventions. This systematic review highlights available malnutrition screening and intervention data in childhood cancer and the need for standardizing assessment and treatment.
Methods
Ovid Medline, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies containing malnutrition as the primary outcome with anthropometric, radiographic, or biochemical measurements. Secondary outcomes included validated nutritional assessment or screening tools. Two authors reviewed full manuscripts for inclusion. Narrative analysis was chosen over statistical analysis due to study heterogeneity.
Results
The search yielded 234 articles and 17 articles identified from external sources. Nine met inclusion criteria with six nutritional intervention studies (examining appetite stimulants, nutrition supplementation, and proactive feeding tubes) and three nutritional screening studies (algorithms or nutrition support teams) each with variable measures and outcomes. Both laboratory evaluations (albumin, prealbumin, total protein) and body measurement (weight loss, mid-upper arm circumference) were used. Studies demonstrated improved weight, without difference between formula or appetite stimulant used. Screening studies yielded mixed results on preventing weight loss, weight gain, and survival.
Conclusion
Our review demonstrated a paucity of evidence for malnutrition screening and intervention in pediatric cancer treatment. While a variety of malnutrition outcomes, interventions, and screening tools exist, nutritional interventions increased weight and decreased complications. Screening tools decreased malnutrition risk and may improve weight gain. Potential age- and disease-specific nutritional benefits and toxicities also exist, further highlighting the benefit of standardizing malnutrition definitions, screening, and interventions.
Performance of Distance Relaying Scheme under High Penetration of RES
Authors: Pradhan Janmejaya , Singh Manohar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The operation of a distance relay is a function of source impedance and fault parameters. The performance of a distance relay is quite stable when used for the protection of a strong power system network where the fault current contribution is dominated by synchronous machines. However, their performance is affected when the synchronous machine is replaced by high internal impedance-based generation as seen in the case of renewable energy source (RES) based generating units like solar and wind. The RES results in an observable increase in source to impedance ratio (SIR) and significantly affects the operating performance of a distance relay. The dynamic change in infeed in the RES system leads to overreach and under-reach problems. The dynamic nature of RES arises revision in the reach settings of the distance relay placed in the RES integrated network. This problem is stimulated for a model transmission system in the real-time digital simulator with hardware in loop simulation installed at Central Power Research Institute Bangalore, India. The performance of the relay is studied for high SIR, infeed variation, and load encroachment. Observation and simulation results recommend the rising requirement of an adaptive distance relaying protection scheme that can dynamically manage the relay zone setting as per the operation network configurations.
Clinical feasibility and acceptability study of an online mindfulness and self-compassion integrated psychoeducation program for eczema in adults
Authors: Kishimoto Sanae , Shimizu Ryosuke , Watanabe Norio , Yamamoto Yosuke , Germer Christopher , Tada Masafumi , Sahker Ethan , Furukawa Toshi A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveAlthough mindfulness and self-compassion programs have been applied in clinical settings, no studies have reported their benefits for atopic dermatitis (AD). The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of an online group format of 8 weekly 90-minute sessions of a mindfulness and self-compassion program for adults with AD.ResultsIn this single-arm, open label pre-post comparison study design, 15 adults (10 women; mean age, 38.3 ± 8.98 years) completed the intervention and assessment. The primary outcome was disease-specific quality of life (QOL) (Dermatology Life Quality Index and Skindex-16) at the 20-week follow-up. The secondary outcomes were other self-reported questionnaires, and descriptive feedback of the program. Assessments were conducted at baseline, mid-treatment, post-intervention, and at follow-up. Overall, there were no significant improvements. However, of the four participants whose QOL was largely impacted due to AD, the scores improved significantly, with minimal clinically important difference or greater change. All participants were satisfied with the program. This program could benefit adults with AD by improving QOL. Randomized controlled trials are warranted to elucidate the efficacy of the program. This study has been registered at the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (ID: UMIN000030484).
The use of 3D-ceramic block graft compared with autogenous block graft for rehabilitation of the atrophic maxilla: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
Authors: Malzoni Carolina Mendonça de Almeida , Gonçalves Victor , Possari Juliana , Marcantonio Elcio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Dental implant placement may require a bone graft for vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation. Due to its osteoconduction, osteoinductive, and osteogenesis, autogenous bone graft characteristics are considered the standard gold treatment. However, autografts can promote postoperative morbidity and implicate difficulties concerning the graft adaptation to the recipient's bone since it can eventually avoid gaps. To overcome these issues, this trial will compare the performance of Plenum® Oss 3Dβ fit, an alloplastic graft, and a 3D-printed patient-specific graft based on β-tricalcium phosphate to the autograft procedure.Methods: This is a split-mouth randomized clinical study designed to evaluate the performance of personalized (patient-specific) bioceramic bone grafts (Plenum® Oss 3Dβ fit) for bone augmentation of the atrophic anterior maxilla in comparison to the autogenous bone graft. We hypothesize that the gain and maintenance of the grafted area volume and the quality of the newly formed bone tissue after eight months postoperative with the synthetic patient-specific graft will be superior to the autogenous bone graft. To assess the quantity and the quality of bone neoformation, volumetric and histological analyses will be performed.Discussion: The fabrication of medical devices by additive manufacturing presents advantages over conventional manufacturing processes, mostly related to the precision of geometry and anatomy. Additionally, the osteoconductive proprieties of β-tricalcium phosphate enable this synthetic bone substitute as an alternative solution over autogenous graft for bone defect reconstruction. Thus, patient-specific bone grafts can potentially improve patient satisfaction, reducing the need for autogenous bone grafts, consequently avoiding implications related to this type of treatment, such as patient morbidity.Trial registration: This study is registered in REBEC (Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos): RBR-76wmm3q; UTN: U1111-1272-7773. Registration date: 14 September 2021.
GNR Based Reconfigurable Tapered Vivaldi Antenna for THz band Applications
Authors: Kumar Kushwaha Ritesh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article presents a novel high gain Tapered Vivaldi antenna (TVA) utilizing Graphene Nano Ribbon (GNR) for the Terahertz band applications. The proposed design based on substrate extension technique and graphene hybrid metal structure to improve the radiation characteristics. It also derives the Electric and Magnetic field of graphene is systematically using FDTD numerical modeling. The reconfigurability properties of antenna can be achieved by changing the chemical potential. The result offers a minimum return loss of -58.68 dB, an impedance bandwidth of 298.84 GHz, a peak gain of 12.31 dBi, peak directivity of 13.1 dBi, and radiation efficiency of 83.63%. The investigated results reveal the better results within the preferred frequency band. Therefore, the designed antenna can be useful for various THz applications.
Regulation of recurrent spontaneous abortion by macrophage polarization through the CTRP6/PPAR-γ/NF-κB pathway and reprogramming glycolysis
Authors: yang jing , yan sisi , ding jilin , wang zehao , li jianan , zhang yi , zhang yan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The polarization of macrophages is closely related to immune homeostasis and maternal-fetal immune tolerance, and plays indispensable roles in the pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). The role of aberrant macrophage polarization in RSA has been explored by our and others’ studies; however, the regulatory factors that participate in macrophage polarization during pregnancy have not been fully elucidated. We previously confirmed the proinflammatory effect of C1q and tumor necrosis factor-related protein 6 (CTRP6) in polycystic ovarian syndrome and the regulatory effect of CTRP6 on inflammatory factors in macrophages has been demonstrated. Herein, we aimed to investigate whether CTRP6 participates in the development of RSA by regulating macrophage polarization. Results from patients’ decidual samples indicated that CTRP6 was elevated in RSA patients by immunohistochemical and western blot analyses, and immunofluorescence analysis indicated that the expression of CTRP6 was positively correlated with CD86+ macrophages in decidual tissues. In vitro experiments indicated that CTRP6 could facilitate M1 macrophage activation and finally have an impact on the invasion and migration ability of trophoblasts. Mechanistically, CTRP6 could mediate macrophage polarization through interacting with PPAR-γ and regulating PPAR-γ/NF-κB pathway, which was associated with the activation of glycolysis. In addition to silencing CTRP6, PPAR-γ agonist (GW1929) inhibited the M1 polarization of macrophages and rescued embryo absorption in vivo. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CTRP6/PPAR-γ/NF-κB pathway may participate in M1 macrophage polarization through regulating reprogramming glycolysis, thus playing an important role in the pathogenesis of RSA.
Polymer Design via SHAP and Bayesian Machine Learning Optimizes pDNA and CRISPR Ribonucleoprotein Delivery
Authors: Dalal Rishad , Leyden Michael , Oviedo Felipe , Reineke Theresa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

We present the facile synthesis of a clickable polymer library with systematic variations in length, binary composition, pKa, and hydrophobicity (clogP) to optimize intracellular pDNA and CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) performance. We couple physiochemical characterization and machine learning to interpret quantitative structure-property relationships within the combinatorial design space. For the first time, we reveal unexpected disparate design parameters for nucleic acid carriers; via explainable machine learning on 432 formulations, we discover that lower polymer pKa and higher percentages of benzimidazole ethanethiol enhance pDNA delivery, yet polymer length and captamine cation identity improve RNP delivery. Closed-loop Bayesian optimization of 552 formulation ratios further enhances in vitro performance. The top three polymers yield higher signal and stable transgene expression over 20-days in vivo, and a 1.7-fold enhancement over controls. Our facile coupling of synthesis, characterization, and machine analysis provide powerful tools to quantitate performance parameters accelerating next generation vehicles for nucleic acid medicines.
Super-selective and staged glue embolization for labral AVMs using ultra-thin microcatheters: report of two cases
Authors: Sawano Miyuki , Tanoue Shuichi , Tanaka Norimitsu , Koganemaru Masamichi , Kuhara Asako , Kugiyama Tomoko , Shinjyo Yasumoto , Abe Toshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Treating arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is challenging because of the high recurrence rate and because incomplete resection or embolization can induce aggressive growth. However, aThe standard strategy is not fully established. Although transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is currently almost always part of the treatment, in many cases, single treatment is not curative and only palliative. Additionally, the success and complication rates associated with TAE alone are unclear, and there has been limited study of staged TAE for facial AVMs. Furthermore, few reports have described the details of the procedure.Case-presentation: We report two cases of AVM of the upper lip in patients who were successfully treated by staged super-selective TAE at several-month intervals using ultra-thin microcatheters and n-butyl-2-2cyanacrylate.Conclusion: Staged and super-selective TAE may prevent complications and provide high curability and might be a useful treatment in cases of AVM.
Ionization instability and turbulence in the plume of sub-ampere hollow cathodes with applied magnetic field
Authors: Potrivitu George-Cristian , Xu Shuyan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
When operated with a Hall thruster, either centrally or externally mounted, cathode discharge occurs in a magnetic field environment. Therefore, it is important to assess the influence of the magnetic field on the standalone operation of a hollow cathode to better predict device behavior when coupled with a Hall thruster. This study focuses on the influence of an applied axial magnetic field on main oscillatory phenomena in the plume of a Kr-fed sub-ampere hollow cathode. A probe array consisting of two cylindrical Langmuir probes and an emissive probe was used to assess changes in the plasma parameters and collected ion saturation current as the magnetic field strength was increased. The electron transport along the cathode-anode space was analyzed in terms of total electron collision frequency. It was shown that a higher magnetic field strength induces larger plasma densities and lower electron temperatures. Both the ionization instability and ion acoustic turbulence (IAT) energy diminished with higher magnetic field strengths when the cathode operated in plume mode before the magnetic field was applied. The total electron collision frequency as well as its main contributor, the anomalous collision frequency due to IAT, decreased at higher field strengths. Higher magnetic field strengths were shown to damp the ionization instability. The results included in this communication are the first characterization of the response
Tunable interlayer excitons and switchable interlayer trions via dynamic near-field cavity
Authors: Park Kyoung-Duck , Koo Yeonjeong , Lee Hyeongwoo , Ivanova Tatiana , Kefayati Ali , Perebeinos Vasili , Khestanova Ekaterina , Kravtsov Vasily 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Emerging photo-induced excitonic processes in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) heterobilayers, e.g., interplay of intra- and inter-layer excitons and conversion of excitons to trions, allow new opportunities for ultrathin hybrid photonic devices. However, with the associated large degree of spatial heterogeneity, understanding and controlling their complex competing interactions in TMD heterobilayers at the nanoscale remains a challenge. Here, we present an all-round dynamic control of interlayer-excitons and -trions in a WSe2/Mo0.5W0.5Se2 heterobilayer using multifunctional tip-enhanced photoluminescence (TEPL) spectroscopy with < 20 nm spatial resolution. Specifically, we demonstrate the bandgap tunable interlayer excitons and the dynamic interconversion between interlayer-trions and -excitons, through the combinational tip-induced engineering of GPa-scale pressure and plasmonic hot electron injection, with simultaneous spectroscopic TEPL measurements. This unique nano-opto-electro-mechanical control approach provides new strategies for developing versatile nano-excitonic/trionic devices using TMD heterobilayers.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and Honey Rose case on hospital attendances of patients suspected to have papilloedema
Authors: McNicholl Catherine , Gill Arran , Harrison Rhys , Atan Denize 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
OBJECTIVETo measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and Honey Rose case on hospital attendances of patients with suspected papilloedema METHODSRetrospective observational study of patients attending a specialist eye hospital in Bristol for investigation of papilloedema and/or headache. Exposures were the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic in England in 2020 and the widespread media coverage of the Honey Rose case in 2016. Outcomes were the number and proportion of true positive and false positive referrals of patients with suspected papilloedema and/or headache before and after the exposures.RESULTSHospital attendances within the neuro-ophthalmology service in Bristol had increased 5-6 times following the Honey Rose case and was associated with an increase in false positive referrals for suspected papilloedema from 33.3% in 2015 to 60.9% in 2016. Hospital attendances fell during the first COVID-19 lockdown, predominantly affecting false negative referrals for suspected papilloedema (78.1% before, 64.3% during, and 79.7% after lockdown) of which 60.1% had completely normal optic discs.CONCLUSIONSOphthalmology is the now the busiest outpatient medical specialty in the UK, in part, due to changes to undergraduate medical training and the lower threshold for hospital eye service referrals since Honey Rose and the introduction of OCT to optician practices. Advances in digital technology that were accelerated by the pandemic might help to improve communication between primary and secondary care and the diagnostic accuracy of referrals for suspected papilloedema to avoid unnecessary hospital appointments and costly false positive diagnostic cascades.