bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of work motivation and leadership style on employee performance
Authors: Mardiani Inna Nisawati , Chandra Riki 
Published: October 2022

Performance is the result of work achieved by someone who is adjusted to their respective roles or tasks in a company at a certain time period, which is associated with a certain value or standard measure of the company where the person works. This study aims to determine the effect of work motivation and leadership style on employee performance. The type of research used is quantitative, with a population of all 45 employees of PT Pusaka Kali Agung and sampling using a saturated sample technique. This research uses validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis and determination (adjusted R2) . The results in this study explain that work motivation and leadership style affect employee performance.
Juridical analysis of violence threats through electronic systems
Authors: Setiawan Iwan , Kumar Tres , Sitindaon Rio Natanael , Kusala Graha 
Published: October 2022

Rapid changes in society, the economy, and culture have resulted from the advancement of information and communication technology. Information technology is currently a two-edged sword, because, in addition to improving welfare, progress, and human civilization, it is also an effective means of committing illegal acts. The lack of human resources prepared to use information technology, both intellectually and psychologically, has made the complexity of information technology a tool that is easy to use as a criminal medium, or has influenced the birth of new things in everyday life. The approach method of reviewing the problem studied in terms of legal science and conducting an analysis of the legal norms and regulations that apply in laws and regulations based on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials is used in this study. to make conclusions based on the data collected during the study. The occurrence of criminal acts of threats of violence carried out through the electronic system, namely the short message service (SMS), is specifically influenced by psychological and sociological factors, and generally occurs as a result of the perpetrators' lack of legal awareness in social life. If the elements of criminal responsibility are met, criminal responsibility for the perpetrators of these crimes can be sought. The application of the law against perpetrators of criminal acts of threats of violence via short message services (SMS) was found to be in accordance with legal procedures based on trial facts in the study of the decisions examined. The defendant's actions, according to the panel of judges, settled the elements of Article 45 b Amendments to Law No. 11 of 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions by Law No. 19 of 2016
HUKUM PROGRESIF DAN RELEVANSINYA PADA PENALARAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rahmad Noor , Hafis Wildan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Existing law in Indonesia is still largely dominated by the colonial legal heritage through its products are now valid with various modification. To get out of the slump legal situation in Indonesia, then there must be self-liberation from conventional way of working madhhab inherited by positive law with all its doctrines and procedures that completely formal procedural fairness that it gave birth to the formal not substantial justice. This study attempts at discussing the so called progressive law, a legal thought introduced by Satjipto Raharjo. The progressive law perspective emphasizes discovery of law as an effort to explore the community's living values. We hold that this perspective suits the need of Indonesian people. In this study authors want to discuss about understanding of progressive law in Indonesia and the relevance of progressive law with legal reasoning for a Judge. The method used in conducting this research is normative juridical approach which focuses on the research literature or data is called secondary data. The result of this study is expected to bring usability or theoretical contribution in terms of thinking, as a contribution to thought and effort to develop the science of law.
Keywords: Progressive Law, Legal Idealism, Substantie Justice

Abstrak
Hukum yang ada di Indonesia sebagian besar masih didominasi oleh warisan hukum kolonial melalui produk-produknya yang sekarang berlaku dengan berbagai modifikasi. Untuk keluar dari situasi hukum yang merosot di Indonesia, maka harus ada pembebasan diri dari cara kerja mazhab konvensional yang diwarisi oleh hukum positif dengan semua doktrin dan prosedurnya yang sepenuhnya memihak keadilan prosedural formal yang melahirkan keadilan formal yang tidak substansial. Studi ini mencoba membahas apa yang disebut hukum progresif, pemikiran hukum yang diperkenalkan oleh Satjipto Raharjo. Perspektif hukum progresif menekankan penemuan hukum sebagai upaya untuk mengeksplorasi nilai-nilai kehidupan masyarakat. Kami berpendapat bahwa perspektif ini sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini penulis ingin membahas tentang pemahaman hukum progresif di Indonesia dan relevansi hukum progresif dengan alasan hukum untuk Hakim. Metode yang digunakan dalam melakukan penelitian ini adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif yang berfokus pada literatur atau data penelitian yang disebut data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membawa kegunaan atau kontribusi teoritis dalam hal berpikir, sebagai kontribusi terhadap pemikiran dan upaya untuk mengembangkan ilmu hukum.
Kata Kunci: Hukum Progresif , Idealisme Hukum, Keadilan Substantif
Pengaruh Pemberdayaan Perempuan Terhadap Peningkatan Ekonomi Produktif
Authors: Eryadini Ninies , Ratna Nurdiana , Fitrotun Nufus Alfarucha 
Published: October 2022

This study aims 1) to find out how women’s empowerment is carried out in Balai Sakinah Aisyiyah, 2) to determine the effect of women’s empowerment on increasing the productive economy in Balai Sakinah Aisyiyah’s programs (BSA). Respondents used in the study amounted to 30 membersof Balai Sakinah Aisyiyah.Dta collection methods used in this research are questionnaire and documentationmethods. This research uses a quantitative approach with inferential analysis with a simple linear regression model with the help of SPSS 23. Significance is written by default as 0,05 (5%). Research result are:1) after participating in coaching The Balai SakinahAisyiyah’s programs, members get useful result, namely the knowledge and the economic aspect. 2) from the analysis, it was obtained that the R square value or the coefficient of determination (KD) was 0,344, which means that women’s empowerment had an effect on increasing the productive economy by 34% and the remaining 66% was influenced by other factors. Sig 0,001 which means that the probability value is smaller than 5%, namely 0,05, identifies that women’s empowerment has an effect on the productive economy.
Condorodus n. gen., a new Ordovician conodont genus from Argentina: origin, evolution and dispersal through the western margin of Gondwana
Authors: CARLOROSI Josefina M. T. , MESTRE Ana I. , HEREDIA Susana E. 
Published: October 2022

Ordovician conodont collections from several Argentinian basins including the Eastern Cordillera, Famatina and Precordillera allow recognition of a group of conodonts that comprise a new genus here named Condorodus n. gen. Species of this genus have an apparatus composed of six elements recovered so far: Pa, Pb, Sb1, Sb2, Sc and Sd. The differences mainly between the P elements support recognizing three species, from the older to younger: C. diablensis n. gen., n. sp., C. gracielae n. gen., n. sp. and C. chilcaensis n. gen., n. sp., that appeared in the upper Floian (Lower Ordovician) and vanished in middle Darriwilian time (Middle Ordovician). The Eastern Cordillera is here assumed as the place of origin of the Condorodus n. gen. lineage during the late Floian, and then this genus dispersed through the western margin of Gondwana, reaching the Precordillera in the early Darriwilian, from there it could have dispersed to different regions of Gondwana, Perigondwana and Laurentia during the late Darriwilian, and probably give rise to conodont apparatuses of similar morphology in the Late Ordovician.
Invasive fungal infections in a paediatric intensive care unit in a lower- middle-income country
Authors: Hlophe S T , Jeena P M , Mahabeer Y , Ajayi O R , Govender N P , Ogunsakin R E , Masekela R 
Published: October 2022

Background. Paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) are high-risk settings for healthcare-associated infections. Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is one of the common causes of healthcare-associated infections.
Objective. To describe the prevalence and short-term outcomes of children with IFI, and to offer a basis for the efficient prevention and treatment of IFI.
Methods. A retrospective study was conducted in children under the age of 12 years over a two-year period. Participants were categorised according to pre-defined microbiology criteria into IFI if they had a positive culture from blood or other sterile sites. Data collected included demographics, invasive procedures, length of stay and mortality.
Results. One thousand and forty-two children were admitted during the study period. Of the total, 56.8% (n = 592) were male. Median length of stay was 18 days (mean ± SE 18.6±8.9). IFI was identified in 35 cases per 1 000 admissions, with 77.7% of these infants under the age of one year. The mean length of stay was 18.6 days compared with 7.5 days for children with bacterial infections. The in-hospital mortality for invasive fungal infection was 36% compared with 16% for all admissions. Findings confirmed that colonisation was more prevalent than IFI.
Conclusion. IFIs are common among infants, and these patients have a higher mortality rate and prolonged hospital stay. Therefore we recommend early diagnosis and timely treatment with high-performance antifungal drugs to improve the prognosis in children with IFI. Keywords. Healthcare-associated infections, South Africa, neonates, mortality, sepsis.
MicroRNA let-7f-5p regulates PI3K/AKT/COX2 signaling pathway in bacteria-induced pulmonary fibrosis via targeting of PIK3CA in forest musk deer
Authors: Zhao Wei , Cheng Jianguo , Luo Yan , Fu Wenlong , Zhou Lei , Wang Xiang , Wang Yin , Yang Zexiao , Yao Xueping , Ren Meishen , Zhong Zhijun , Wu Xi , Ren Ziwei , Li Yimeng 
Published: October 2022

Background
Recent studies have characterized that microRNA (miRNA) is a suitable candidate for the study of bleomycin/LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis, but the knowledge on miRNA in bacteria-induced pulmonary fibrosis (BIPF) is limited. Forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii, FMD) is an important endangered species that has been seriously affected by BIPF. We sought to determine whether miRNA exist that modulates the pathogenesis of BIPF in FMD.

Methods
High-throughput sequencing and RT-qPCR were used to determine the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in the blood of BIPF FMD. The DEmiRNAs were further detected in the blood and lung of BIPF model rat by RT-qPCR, and the targeting relationship between candidate miRNA and its potential target gene was verified by dual-luciferase reporter activity assay. Furthermore, the function of the candidate miRNA was verified in the FMD lung fibroblast cells (FMD-C1).

Results
Here we found that five dead FMD were suffered from BIPF, and six circulating miRNAs (miR-30g, let-7f-5p, miR-27-3p, miR-25-3p, miR-9-5p and miR-652) were differentially expressed in the blood of the BIPF FMD. Of these, let-7f-5p showed reproducibly lower level in the blood and lung of the BIPF model rat, and the expression levels of PI3K/AKT/COX2 signaling pathway genes (PIK3CA, PDK1, Akt1, IKBKA, NF-κB1 and COX2) were increased in the lung of BIPF model rats, suggesting that there is a potential correlation between BIPF and the PI3K/AKT/COX2 signaling pathway. Notably, using bioinformatic prediction and experimental verification, we demonstrated that let-7f-5p is conserved across mammals, and the seed sequence of let-7f-5p displays perfect complementarity with the 3’ UTR of PIK3CA gene and the expression of the PIK3CA gene was regulated by let-7f-5p. In order to determine the regulatory relationship between let-7f-5p and the PI3K/AKT/COX2 signaling pathway in FMD, we successfully cultured FMD-C1, and found that let-7f-5p could act as a negative regulator for the PI3K/Akt/COX2 signaling pathway in FMD-C1. Collectively, this study not only provided a study strategy for non-invasive research in pulmonary disease in rare animals, but also laid a foundation for further research in BIPF.
Distribution of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin and N-Terminal Pro–Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Healthy Transgender People
Authors: Greene Dina N. , Schmidt Robert L. , Christenson Robert H. , Rongitsch Jessica , Imborek Katherine L. , Rebuck Heather , Lorey Thomas S. , Saenger Amy K. , Krasowski Matthew D. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceSex-specific differences in the commonly used cardiac biomarkers high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) and N-terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are apparent. There is an absence of medical literature delineating the concentration differences for these biomarkers in transgender individuals without cardiac disease.ObjectiveTo determine the distribution of hs-cTn and NT-proBNP in healthy transgender people.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cross-sectional prospective study, healthy transgender individuals prescribed testosterone or estradiol for 12 months or more were recruited from internal medicine and primary care clinics that specialize in transgender medical care between November 1, 2017, and July 1, 2018.ExposuresTestosterone or estradiol for 12 months.Main Outcomes and MeasuresConcentrations for hs-cTnI (troponin I), hs-cTnT (troponin T), and NT-proBNP were measured.ResultsTransgender people prescribed testosterone (n = 79; mean [SD] age, 28.8 [7.8] years) or estrogen (n = 93; mean [SD] age, 35.1 [11.7] years) were recruited. The concentration of hs-cTn was significantly higher in transgender men relative to transgender women. For Abbott hs-cTnI levels, the median (IQR) concentration observed in transgender men and women was 0.9 (0.6-1.7) ng/L and 0.6 (0.3-1.0) ng/L, respectively. Results were similar across 2 additional hs-cTn assays. In contrast, NT-proBNP level was higher in transgender women. The median (IQR) NT-proBNP concentration was significantly higher in transgender women ( 49 [32-86] ng/L) than in transgender men (17 [13-27] ng/L).Conclusions and RelevanceFindings of this cross-sectional study suggest that the differences in concentration for hs-cTn and NT-proBNP between transgender men and women were similar to what is observed between cisgender men and women. Sex hormones, rather than sex assigned at birth, may be a stronger driver of the observed concentration differences between healthy men and women for biomarkers of cardiac disease.
Lifetime Sunburn Trajectories and Associated Risks of Cutaneous Melanoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Among a Cohort of Norwegian Women
Authors: Lergenmuller Simon , Rueegg Corina S. , Perrier Flavie , Robsahm Trude E. , Green Adele C. , Lund Eiliv , Ghiasvand Reza , Veierød Marit B. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceTo our knowledge, no study has prospectively investigated sunburn patterns over age periods from childhood to adulthood and their associations with skin cancer risk.ObjectiveTo identify lifetime trajectories of sunburns and compare the association between these trajectories and subsequent risk of cutaneous melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cohort study included participants from the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study, established in 1991, with follow-up through 2018. Baseline questionnaires were issued from 1991 to 2007, with follow-up questionnaires every 5 to 7 years. Data analysis was performed from March 16, 2021, to December 4, 2021.ExposuresParticipants reported pigmentation factors, sunbathing vacations, and indoor tanning. Annual frequencies of sunburns were reported for childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.Main Outcomes and MeasuresInformation on cancer diagnoses, emigration, and death were obtained through linkage to the Cancer Registry of Norway using the unique personal identification number of Norwegian citizens.ResultsOf the 172 472 women (age range, 31-70 years) who returned questionnaires, 169 768 received questions about sunburns at study inclusion. Five classes (stable low, low-moderate-low, low to high, high to low, and stable high) of individual lifetime sunburn trajectories with similar shapes were estimated in 3 samples up to 39 years (n = 159 773), up to 49 years (n = 153 297), and up to 59 years (n = 119 170). Mean follow-up ranged from 14.3 to 19.5 years in the 3 samples, during which 1252 to 1774 women were diagnosed with incident primary melanoma and 739 to 871 women with incident primary cSCC. With hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model, the stable high and high to low trajectories showed statistically significant increased melanoma and cSCC risks compared with the stable low trajectory across all samples (≤39 years for stable high and high to low trajectories: melanoma: HR, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.28-1.75] and HR, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.20-1.73]; cSCC: HR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.22-1.87] and HR, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.14-1.91]). Other trajectories showed increased risk, though generally weaker and mainly estimates that were not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant heterogeneity between melanoma and cSCC estimates.Conclusion and RelevanceThis cohort study showed that high sunburn frequency throughout life was associated with increased melanoma and cSCC risk. Furthermore, sunburns in childhood are especially important for subsequent risk of these skin cancers. Avoiding sunburns throughout life, in particular in childhood, is therefore crucial.
Implementation of Antenatal Lifestyle Interventions Into Routine Care
Authors: Bahri Khomami Mahnaz , Teede Helena J. , Enticott Joanne , O’Reilly Sharleen , Bailey Cate , Harrison Cheryce L. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceLifestyle interventions in pregnancy optimize gestational weight gain and improve pregnancy outcomes, with implementation recommended by the US Preventive Services Task Force. Yet, implementation research taking these efficacy trials into pragmatic translation remains limited.ObjectiveTo evaluate success factors for implementing pregnancy lifestyle interventions into antenatal care settings in a meta-analysis, using the penetration, implementation, participation, and effectiveness (PIPE) impact metric.Data SourcesData from a previous systematic review that searched across 9 databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Health Technology Assessment Database, were obtained, in 2 stages, up to May 6, 2020.Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials reporting gestational weight gain in singleton pregnancies.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe association of penetration, implementation, and participation with effectiveness of antenatal lifestyle interventions in optimizing gestational weight gain was estimated using random-effects meta-analyses. The Cochrane risk of bias tool, version 1.0, was used to assess risk of bias.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPenetration (reach), implementation (fidelity), participation, and effectiveness of randomized clinical trials of lifestyle interventions in pregnancy.ResultsNinety-nine studies with 34 546 participants were included. Only 14 studies reported penetration of target populations. Overall, 38 studies (38.4%) had moderate fidelity, 25 (25.2%) had high fidelity, and 36 (36.4%) had unclear fidelity. Participation was reported in 84 studies (84.8%). Lifestyle interventions were associated with reducing gestational weight gain by 1.15 kg (95% CI, –1.40 to –0.91 kg).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that, despite the large body of evidence on efficacy of lifestyle interventions during pregnancy in optimizing gestational weight gain, little guidance is available to inform implementation of this evidence into practice. There is a need to better elucidate implementation outcomes in trial design alongside pragmatic implementation research to improve the health of women who are pregnant and the next generation.
Phase 2 Evaluation of Neoadjuvant Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy in Centrally Located Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wu Fan , Chen Bo , Dong Dezuo , Rong Weiqi , Wang Hongzhi , Wang Liming , Wang Shulian , Jin Jing , Song Yongwen , Liu Yueping , Fang Hui , Tang Yuan , Li Ning , Zhu Xianggao , Li Yexiong , Wang Weihu , Wu Jianxiong 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceCentrally located hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a special type of HCC whose outcome is unsatisfactory when treated with surgery alone. No standard adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment for this disease has been established that improves clinical outcomes.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of adding neoadjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) before surgery in patients with centrally located HCC.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis phase 2, single-center, single-group prospective nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted between December 16, 2014, and January 29, 2019, at the Cancer Institute and Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in Beijing, China. The last follow-up was on July 30, 2021. Patients with centrally located HCC who underwent neoadjuvant IMRT and surgery were included in the analysis.InterventionsNeoadjuvant IMRT followed by hepatectomy.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was 5-year overall survival (OS). The secondary end points were tumor response to IMRT, 5-year disease-free survival (DFS), and treatment-related adverse events.ResultsThirty-eight patients (mean [SD] age, 55.6 [9.3] years; 35 male [92.1%] individuals) completed the prescribed neoadjuvant IMRT without interruption. Radiographic tumor response to IMRT before surgery included partial response (16 [42.1%]) and stable disease (22 [57.9%]). Thirteen patients (34.2%) achieved major pathological response, of which 5 (13.2%) achieved pathologic complete response. With a median follow-up of 45.8 months, the median OS was not reached, and the OS rates were 94.6% at 1 year, 75.4% at 3 years, and 69.1% at 5 years. The median DFS was 45.8 months, and DFS rates were 70.3% at 1 year, 54.1% at 3 years, and 41.0% at 5 years. Radiotherapy-related grade 3 adverse events were observed in 3 patients (7.9%). Nineteen operative complications developed in 13 patients (34.2%), including grade I to II complications in 12 patients (31.6%) and grade IIIa complication in 1 patient (2.6%). No grade IIIb or higher operative complications were observed.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this trial suggest that neoadjuvant IMRT plus surgery is effective and well-tolerated in patients with centrally located HCC. These data may inform a future randomized clinical trial of this new treatment strategy.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02580929