bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colour‐switchable and photoluminescent polyvinyl chloride for multifunctional smart applications
Authors: Elsawy Hany , Sedky Azza , Abou Taleb Manal F. , El‐Newehy Mohamed H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRecycled polyvinyl chloride (PVC) waste was used to prepare transparent materials with long‐lasting phosphorescence, photochromic activity, hydrophobicity, strong optical transmission, ultraviolet (UV) light protection, and stiffness. Lanthanide‐activated aluminate (LaA) microparticles were prepared using a high temperature solid‐state procedure, and were subjected to top‐down grinding technology to produce lanthanide–aluminate nanoparticles (LaAN). Laminated PVC bottles were shredded into a transparent plastic matrix, which was combined with LaAN and drop casted to produce smart materials for various applications. Smart windows and photochromic film for smart packaging can be made from recycled PVC waste by immobilizing it with various ratios of LaAN. Long‐lasting phosphorescent translucent PVC smart windows and films need LaAN to be evenly dispersed in PVC without clumping. Different analytical methods were used to assess the material's morphological structure and chemical composition. Photoluminescence and decay spectra were all used to investigate the luminescence characteristics. In addition, the mechanical performance was studied. According to Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage laboratory colour measurements, this transparent PVC smart material becomes bright green under UV rays and turns a greenish‐yellow in the dark. The PVC luminescence was observed to exhibit apparent emission bands at 429 and 513 nm when excited at 367 nm. Improvements were monitored in UV shielding and hydrophobicity when increasing the phosphor concentration. LaAN‐immobilized PVC exhibited reversible photochromism. The present approach can be applied to various applications such as anticounterfeiting films for smart packaging, smart windows, and warning light marks.
Tertiary lymphoid structures in lung adenocarcinoma: characteristics and related factors
Authors: Ren Fangping , Xie Mei , Gao Jie , Wu Chongchong , Xu Yang , Zang Xuelei , Ma Xidong , Deng Hui , Song Jialin , Huang Aiben , Pang Li , Qian Jin , Yu Zhaofeng , Zhuang Guanglei , Liu Sanhong , Pan Lei , Xue Xinying 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are found in a variety of malignancies and affect the growth of tumors, but few studies have addressed their role in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC). We aimed to evaluate clinical features associated with TLSs in patients with LAC.Methods and MaterialsA collection of resected pulmonary nodules in patients with LAC was retrospectively analyzed. TLSs were quantified by their number per square millimeter tumor area (density) and by the degree of lymphocyte aggregation (maturity) in each case. The correlation between TLS density and maturity and clinical features was calculated.ResultsA total of 243 patients were selected, of whom 219 exhibited TLSs. The occurrence of TLSs was correlated with computed tomography (CT) features as follows: pure ground‐glass nodules (pGGNs) (n = 43) was associated with a lower occurrence rate than part‐solid nodules (PSNs) (n = 112) and solid nodules (SNs) were (n = 88) (p = 0.037). TLS density was correlated with age and CT features. Poisson regression showed higher TLS density in PSNs and SNs than in pGGNs (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 3.137; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35–7.27; p = 0.008 and IRR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.02–5.85; p = 0.046, respectively). In addition, TLS density was higher in patients aged under 60 years than in those aged over 60 years (IRR: 0.605; 95% CI: 0.4–0.92; p = 0.018). The maturity of TLSs was higher in patients with higher tumor stages (p = 0.026).ConclusionsWe demonstrated distinct profiles of TLSs in early LAC and their correlations with CT features, age, and tumor stages, which could help understand tumor progression and management.
Augmenting deep land use prediction with randomized simulation
Authors: Chen Liyan , Chen Zhangwu , Lin Lianhui , Ye Qi , Guo Shihui , Lin Juncong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLand use information is the basis of various geo‐spatial applications. Traditionally, land use patterns are predicted with agent‐based simulation, suffering from a long convergence process. Deep learning techniques have recently been used for land use classification but not prediction, due to the lack and difficulty of collecting enough training data. This paper proposes a novel paradigm for land use data generation with a randomized simulation strategy. We also design a tailored deep land use prediction model, LUPnet, to demonstrate the usage of the paradigm. Experimental results reveal the effectiveness of our method.
Efficient cloth simulation based on the material point method
Authors: Lv Aoran , Zhu Yuanpeng , Xian Chuhua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this article, we propose a novel cloth simulation method based on the material point method (abbr.
MPM). The response to the cloth strain is characterized by three separated models: the continuous in‐plane hyperelasticity, the discrete bending elastoplasticity, and the continuous frictional contact elastoplasticity. We make use of the moving least squares MPM (abbr. MLS‐MPM) transfer scheme and a discrete bending model to reduce computation overhead. We further extend the hyperelastic bending model to be elastoplastic, which can be further used for the simulation of a wide range of thin shell materials, such as thin metal sheets. A fast and approximate signed distance field generation method for humanoid animation is also proposed. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can efficiently and robustly simulate high‐resolution challenging scenes with hundreds of thousands of triangles.
Evaluation of the Antiproliferative Potential of Eugenia pyriformis Leaves in Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: De Paula Alves Thiago , Toledo Martins Pereira Mariana , Sardou Charret Thiago , César Thurler Júnior Júlio , Freimann Wermelinger Guilherme , Regina Baptista Andrea , Kaufmann Robbs Bruno , Sawaya Alexandra C. H. F. , D'Ávila Bitencourt Pascoal Vinicius , Cristina Rheder Fagundes Pascoal Aislan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEugenia pyriformis, typically known as uvaia, ubaia, uvaieira, uvalha or uvalha‐do‐campo, is a plant representative of the Myrtaceae family. E. pyriformis decreased HeLa cells proliferation, can induce cell death and reduce cell migration that may be related to metastasis and induction of cell death by apoptosis in vitro assays. Its leaves are used in folk medicine for hypertension control, decreased cholesterol and uric acid, slimming, astringent, and digestive. In this work, the evaluation of the in vitro anticancer potential Cervical Cancer (HeLa cells) and phytochemical analysis in E. pyriformes was performed. It was possible to quantify phenolic compounds and total flavonoids and identify Chlorogenic acid, Quercetrin, and Myricitrin in this species. The crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction inhibited cell viability by 50 % in the dose of 44.42 μg/mL and 40.39 μg/mL, respectively. The induced effector caspase 3/7 activation, which results in apoptosis and the ethyl acetate fraction, decreases cell migration of cancer cell lines; it is responsible for the cleavage of several cellular proteins that will result in the classic phenotype of the apoptotic cell.
Association between immigrant status and advanced cancer patients' location and quality of death
Authors: Tergas Ana I. , Prigerson Holly G. , Shen Megan J. , Dinicu Andreea I. , Neugut Alfred I. , Wright Jason D. , Hershman Dawn L. , Maciejewski Paul K. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundCancer patients often prefer to die at home, a location associated with better quality of death (QoD). Several studies demonstrate disparities in end‐of‐life care among immigrant populations in the United States. This study aimed to evaluate how immigrant status affects location and quality of death among patients with advanced cancer in the United States.MethodsData were derived from Coping with Cancer, a federally funded multi‐site prospective study of advanced cancer patients and caregivers. The sample of patients who died during the study period was weighted (Nw = 308) to reduce statistically significant differences between immigrant (Nw = 49) and nonimmigrant (Nw = 259) study participants. Primary outcomes were location of death, death at preferred location, and poor QoD.ResultsAnalyses adjusted for covariates indicated that patients who were immigrants were more likely to die in a hospital than home (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65–6.71) and less likely to die where they preferred (AOR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.20–0.90). Furthermore, immigrants were more likely to have poor QoD (AOR, 5.47; 95% CI, 2.70–11.08).ConclusionsImmigrants, as compared to nonimmigrants, are more likely to die in hospital settings, less likely to die at their preferred location, and more likely to have poor QoD.Lay summary

Cancer patients typically prefer to die in their own homes, which is associated with improved quality of death.

However, disparities in end‐of‐life care among immigrant populations in the United States remain significant.

Our study found that immigrants are less likely to die in their preferred locations and more likely to die in hospital settings, resulting in poorer quality of death.
A cooperative multi‐agent offline learning algorithm to scheduling IoT workflows in the cloud computing environment
Authors: Gholami Hadi , Rezvan Mohammad Taghi 
Published: July 2022

SummaryRegarding the problem of workflow scheduling in cloud environments, users want the workflow to be processed at a suitable time while cloud providers want to increase resource utilization. This article proposes a cooperative multi‐agent offline learning algorithm called CMOL for minimizing makespan and energy consumption. This algorithm schedules a workflow that is represented by a directed acyclic graph (DAG) and assigns them to virtual machines (VMs). Multiple parallel agents interact and cooperate based on an algorithm in three steps of research, improvement, and selection to meet the imposed constraints of deadline and energy. Depending on the number of DAG levels, there is the same number of specialist agents who use strategies to create a Pareto feasible solution and simultaneously gain experience in the first two steps. The parallel agents exploit the extracted knowledge to improve the solution obtained by ensembling their experience in the selection step. To compare the efficiency of CMOL, two algorithms based on multi‐agent systems and one algorithm based on single‐agent are developed. The performance of the four algorithms is investigated on different real‐world workflows and compared on various sizes. Computational results reveal the competitiveness of CMOL and its relative superiority compared with others.
Preface to Special Issue on Green Conversion of HMF
Authors: Albonetti Stefania , Hu Changwei , Saravanamurugan Shunmugavel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this Editorial, Guest Editors Stefania Albonetti, Changwei Hu, and Shunmugavel Saravanamurugan introduce the Special Issue of ChemSusChem on Green Conversion of HMF. The significance of and enormous challenges for the sustainable transformation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural are reviewed, and the contents of the Special Issue with highly interesting contributions from scientists around the world are outlined.
Substantial intraspecific trait variation across a hydrological gradient in northern Australian fishes
Authors: Luiz Osmar J. , Olden Julian D. , Kennard Mark J. , Crook David A. , Douglas Michael M. , Saunders Thor M. , Wedd Dion , Adair Brendan , King Alison J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTrait‐based models of ecological communities and ecosystem functioning often fail to account for intraspecific variation in functional traits, assuming that intraspecific variability is negligible compared with interspecific variability. However, this assumption remains poorly tested across vertebrate animals where past studies routinely describe species according to mean trait values without explicit consideration of individual trait variability. We assessed nine functional traits for 4254 individuals belonging to 15 freshwater fish species from 11 families in northern Australia, including body elongation, body shape, caudal peduncle throttle, eye size, eye position, gape shape, gape size, mouth position, and pectoral fin length. We quantified the extent and geography of intraspecific trait variability and its relationship with riverine hydrologic regimes using a structured sampling design. Using a combination of single‐ and multi‐trait analyses, we demonstrate that intraspecific trait variability can contribute up to 70% of the total trait variability depending on the attribute considered and averaged 31% across all traits. The magnitude of intraspecific trait variability also varied across the hydrological permanency gradient. Fish assemblages in intermittent streams subjected to frequent environmental disturbance had high intraspecific trait variability, most likely due to strong abiotic filters limiting interspecific divergence. Conversely, assemblages in perennial rivers with less harsh environmental filters but with a larger pool of species expressed lower intraspecific trait variability: This is most likely due to stronger resource competition (biotic filter), which promotes specialization of resource use and, consequently, interspecific divergence. Our study provides the first evidence of intraspecific trait variability driven by a disturbance gradient for an animal group and points to the need for additional research into the functional importance of intraspecific variability in animal ecology. A better understanding of the patterns, drivers, and implications of intraspecific trait variability will help guide mechanistic‐based predictions of the effects of environmental changes on community assemblage and ecosystem processes.
Use of environmental DNA to detect the myxozoan endoparasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae in large Norwegian lakes
Authors: Oredalen Tone Jøran , Mo Tor Atle , Jenkins Andrew , Haugan Natalie , Sæbø Mona 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) is an increasingly used noninvasive and cost‐effective method for species detections in surveillance studies. The myxozoan endoparasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in salmonid fish. PKD is a potentially lethal disease of freshwater salmonids when water temperatures exceed 12–14°C for prolonged periods. Periodically, high mortality and decline in farmed and wild salmonid populations in Europe and North America have been reported in the last decades. The aim of this study was to use eDNA as a method to detect Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae from large, deep, dimictic Norwegian lakes. Such habitats are expected to become increasingly important for cold‐water salmonids with global warming. Samples were collected from five lakes in southeastern Norway, and parasite DNA was detected by qPCR. eDNA from T. bryosalmonae was detected in four of the five lakes surveyed. These findings corresponded with the detection of T. bryosalmonae DNA in salmonid kidneys in four of the lakes in a previous survey. The detection of parasites from eDNA varied between years and stations within the same lake, revealing a changing and apparently stochastic spatial distribution of parasite DNA from year to year. Nonetheless, by sampling multiple sites throughout the lakes, we were able to detect T. bryosalmonae at the lake level in both survey years. Strategies for eDNA sampling in deep, dimictic lakes are discussed.
Loss of control as a transdiagnostic feature in obesity‐related eating behaviours: A systematic review
Authors: Catania Justin , Spirou Dean , Gascoigne Michael , Raman Jayanthi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveEmerging evidence suggests that loss of control (LOC) may present as a common feature across disordered eating behaviours. However, there has been limited research on the transdiagnostic nature of LOC in this area. The primary aim of this study was to systematically review disordered eating behaviours and measures of LOC in clinical and non‐clinical populations.MethodElectronic searches of the relevant databases were conducted. Selected articles were screened for eligibility and assessed for methodological quality.ResultsThirty‐four studies met inclusion criteria. Findings demonstrated that LOC was associated with disordered eating behaviours across bariatric populations, eating disorder populations, and community populations. Specifically, LOC was associated with binge eating (subjective and objective episodes), grazing, night eating, and emotional or stress eating. Findings also revealed that LOC was inconsistently operationalised across studies, with varied approaches to measuring the construct.ConclusionOverall, the findings from this review provide support for LOC as a transdiagnostic feature of disordered eating behaviours. Future studies should utilise robust multi‐method assessments to measure the severity of LOC, which may provide greater insight into how LOC manifests across different eating disorder presentations.
The demand for health turns 50: Reflections
Authors: Grossman Michael 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe year 2022 is the 50th anniversary of the publication of my demand for health model in “On the Concept of Health Capital and the Demand for Health,” Journal of Political Economy 80(2): 223–255, and in The Demands for Health: A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation, NBER Occasional Paper 119 New York: Columbia University Press for the NBER. To mark that occasion, this editorial focuses on the history of the model and its impacts on the field of health economics.
Great expectations: The construct validity of the violation‐of‐expectation method for studying infant cognition
Authors: Stahl Aimee E. , Kibbe Melissa M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe violation‐of‐expectation method has been used in thousands of studies examining the breadth and depth of preverbal infants' knowledge and cognitive capacities. In this commentary, we review evidence that supports the violation‐of‐expectation method as an important tool for infant research that has strong construct validity. We show that this method reveals infants' expectations, produces reliable results across study designs and stimuli, and is grounded in theories of learning. We support and encourage the use of this method to continue to unveil the scope and sophistication of infant cognition.
Susceptibility to SARS‐Cov‐2 infection and risk for severe COVID‐19 in patients with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: Gedeborg Rolf , Loeb Stacy , Styrke Johan , Kiiski‐Berggren Ritva , Garmo Hans , Stattin Pär 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been hypothesized to protect against COVID‐19, but previous observational studies of men with prostate cancer on ADT have been inconsistent regarding mortality risk from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Using data from the Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden (PCBaSe), we identified a cohort of 114 547 men with prevalent prostate cancer on the start of follow‐up in February 2020, and followed them until 16 December 2020 to evaluate the association between ADT and time to test positive for COVID‐19. Among men testing positive for COVID‐19, we used regression analyses to estimate the association between ADT and risk of COVID‐19‐related hospital admission/death from any cause within 30 days of the positive test. In total, 1695 men with prostate cancer tested positive for COVID‐19. In crude analyses, exposure to ADT was associated with a 3‐fold increased risk of both testing positive for COVID‐19 infection and subsequent hospital admission/death. Adjustment for age, comorbidity and prostate cancer risk category substantially attenuated the associations: HR 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1‐1.5) for testing positive for COVID‐19, and OR 1.4 (95% CI: 1.0‐1.9) for risk of subsequent hospital admission/death. In conclusion, although these results suggest increased risks of a positive COVID‐19 test, and COVID‐19‐related hospital admission/death in men on ADT, these findings are likely explained by confounding by old age, cancer‐associated morbidity and other comorbidities being more prevalent in men on ADT, rather than a direct effect of the therapy.
Multimodal system for optical biopsy of melanoma with integrated ultrasound, optical coherence tomography and Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Fedorov Kukk Anatoly , Wu Di , Gaffal Evelyn , Panzer Rüdiger , Emmert Steffen , Roth Bernhard 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe introduce a new single‐head multimodal optical system that integrates optical coherence tomography (OCT), 18 MHz ultrasound (US) tomography and Raman spectroscopy (RS), allowing for fast (<2 min) and noninvasive skin cancer diagnostics and lesion depth measurement. The OCT can deliver structural and depth information of smaller skin lesions (<1 mm), while the US allows to measure the penetration depth of thicker lesions (≥4 mm), and the RS analyzes the chemical composition from a small chosen spot (≤300 μm) that can be used to distinguish between benign and malignant melanoma. The RS and OCT utilize the same scanning and optical setup, allowing for co‐localized measurements. The US on the other side is integrated with an acoustical reflector, which enables B‐mode measurements on the same position as OCT and RS. The US B‐mode scans can be translated across the sample by laterally moving the US transducer, which is made possible by the developed adapter with a flexible membrane. We present the results on custom‐made liquid and agar phantoms that show the resolution and depth capabilities of the setup, as well as preliminary ex vivo measurements on mouse models with ∼4.3 mm thick melanoma.
Physical insight into the entropy‐driven ion association
Authors: Yang Xiao , Ji Mingyu , Zhang Cong , Yang Xiaoning , Xu Zhijun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe ion association is widely believed to be dominated by the favorable entropy change arising from the release of water molecules from ion hydration shells. However, no direct thermodynamic evidence exists to validate the reliability and suitability of this view. Herein, we employ complicated free energy calculations to rigorously split the free energy including its entropic and enthalpic components into the water‐induced contributions and ion–ion interaction terms for several ion pairs from monatomic to polyatomic ions, spanning the size range from small kosmotropes to large chaotropes (Na+, Cs+, Ca2+, F−, I−, CO32−, and HPO42−). Our results successfully reveal that though ion associations are indeed determined by a delicate balance between the favorable entropy variation and the repulsive enthalpy change, the entropy gain dominated by the solvent occurs only for the monatomic ion pairing. The water‐induced entropic contribution significantly goes against the ion pairing between polyatomic anion and cation, which is, alternatively, dominated by the favorable entropy from the ion–ion interaction term, due to the configurational arrangement of polyatomic anions involved in ion association. The structural and dynamic analysis demonstrates that the entropy penalty from the water phase is primarily ascribed to the enhanced stability of water molecules around the cation imposed by the incoming anion. Our study successfully provides a fundamental understanding of water‐mediated ion associations and highlights disparate lengthscale dependencies of the dehydration thermodynamics on the specific types of ions.