bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Landscape of Cyclin Pathway Gene Alterations and Co-occurrence with FGF/FGFR Aberrations Across Urinary Tract Tumors
Authors: Jardim Denis L F , Millis Sherri Z , Ross Jeffrey S , Lippman Scott , Ali Siraj M , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Cyclin pathway gene alterations are frequent in urothelial tumors and may co-exist with other important aberrations, leading to therapeutic opportunities. We characterized the landscape of cyclin gene alterations in urothelial and non-urothelial urinary tract (UT) malignancies.

Patients and Methods
Overall, 6842 urothelial and 897 non-urothelial UT cancers were analyzed (hybrid-capture-based comprehensive genomic profile (Foundation Medicine)). Alteration frequency in cyclin-sensitizing and -resistance genes, and co-occurrence with fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene abnormalities were evaluated.

Results
Cyclin-activating gene alterations were detected in 47.3% of urothelial and 37.9% of non-urothelial UT cancers. Frequency varied by histology and tumor site. CDKN2A and CDKN2B loss were the most frequent alterations in urothelial tumors (present in 38.5% and 30.4% of patients, respectively). Both genes were less frequently altered in adenocarcinomas (15.2% and 8.9%), but commonly altered in squamous cell carcinomas (74.4% and 39%). Tumors of neuroendocrine origin were relatively silent in activating cyclin alterations, but frequently displayed Rb1 alterations (86% and 83.7% of neuroendocrines and small cell carcinomas). Urachal tumors (n = 79) presented a distinct landscape of cyclin alterations relative to other UT cancers, with less frequent alterations overall. FGF/FGFR genes were altered in 34.9% of urothelial (22.1% in FGFR3), and 19.4% of non-urothelial urinary tract tumors (6.8% FGFR3). Cyclin-activating alterations frequently co-occurred with FGF/FGFR alterations but were in general mutually exclusively with cyclin resistance alterations (RB1/CCNE1).

Conclusions
Cyclin pathway activating alterations are common in urinary tract tumors, but frequency varies with histology and tumors sites. Co-occurrence of cyclin and FGFR pathway alterations may inform therapeutic opportunities.
Accounting for Injustice
Authors: Stahl Matt , Arewa Olufunmilayo B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Despite their incalculable musical contributions and the continuing profitability of their hit recordings, R&B singers of the 1960s often have reached and passed retirement age in conditions of profound economic insecurity. This tragic irony is well known, but the long-standing institutional practices that have essentially ensured this typical outcome have remained obscure. At the center of the problem is individual royalty income associated with the sale and licensing of recordings. Record companies’ royalty accounting processes are notoriously complex and secret, and companies have strong incentives to overreport expenses and underreport earnings in their maintenance of individual artist royalty accounts.
Hitherto unstudied documents from the archive of the National Office of the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA) shed light on the accounting practices of the major and indie record companies to whom artists like Mary Wells, Ruth Brown, and Sam Moore were signed. After 1959, singers recording for signatory companies were included in the employer-sponsored AFTRA Health and Retirement Funds. As a fiduciary, the Funds were obligated to monitor and enforce employer contributions based on singers’ annual earnings, including contractual royalty payments. Newly discovered archival evidence helps explain how the Funds’ lax enforcement led to healthcare ineligibility and chronically underfunded pensions for many R&B performers. The interaction of companies’ nefarious contractual royalty accounting practices and the AFTRA Funds’ at-best inconsistent monitoring and enforcement of companies’ obligations hindered singers’ prospects for financial stability and comfortable retirement after long careers and the contribution of enduring recordings to contemporary culture.
Sorgentina-RF Fusion Neutron Plant: Preliminary Design of the Bioshielding In Compliance With Dose Constraints For Workers Exposure
Authors: Ferrari P , Contessa G M , Moro F , Gadani G , Lepore L , Pietropaolo A ,   the SRF Collaboration, Agostini Pietro , Angiolini Massimo , Alberghi Ciro , Candido Luigi , Capogni Marco , Capone Mauro , Cataldo Sebastiano , Contessa Gian Marco , D'Arienzo Marco , Del Dotto Alessio , Diamanti Dario , Nicola Dongiovanni Danilo , Farini Mirko , Ferrari Paolo , Fiore Angela , Flammini Davide , Fonnesu Nicola , Frisoni Manuela , Gadani Gianni , Grasso Giacomo , Guardati Manuela , Guidoni David , Lamberti Marco , Lepore Luigi , Mancini Andrea , Mariani Andrea , Marinari Ranieri , Marzo Giuseppe A , Mastroianni Bruno , Moro Fabio , Orefice Agostina , Orsetti Valerio , Pietropaolo Antonino , Pinna Tonio , Rizzo Antonietta , Rydzy Alexander , Salvi Stefano , Santoli Demis , Santucci Alessia , Saraceno Luca , Sartorio Camillo , Scaglione Salvatore , Sermenghi Valerio , Serra Emanuele , Simonetti Andrea , Spassovsky Ivan Panov , Terranova Nicholas , Tosti Silvano , Ubaldini Alberto , Utili Marco , Voukelatou Konstantina , Zito Pietro , Zola Danilo , Zummo Giuseppe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An accelerator-driven 14 MeV neutron source of new concept, denominated SORGENTINA-RF, will be installed in ENEA Brasimone Research Centre, to test the feasibility of producing radionuclides of medical relevance using fusion neutrons. The main goal of the facility is generating 99Mo as precursor of 99mTc, a radionuclide widely used in nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures, using the 14 MeV fusion neutrons produced by the plant. This work describes the study performed for the design of a proper shielding structure that aims at fulfilling the requirement of 0.01 mSv/h dose rate limit on the external surface of the shielding during beam-on operations. The proposed shielding consists of a layered structure composed of 2 m standard concrete and 1 m baritic concrete. The design is still in the preliminary phase to assess the feasibility and the economic issues as well as structural impact of the shielding structure.
Increased Difficulties Managing Chronic Medical Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic Are Associated With Increased Alcohol and Cannabis Use Among Unhoused and Unstably Housed Women
Authors: Riley Elise D. , Warner Leah , Hahn Judith A. , Braun Carl , Dilworth Samantha , Zevin Barry , Neilands Torsten B. , Weiser Sheri D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The COVID-19 pandemic caused dramatic upsurges in stress and anxiety across the United States, as well as increased substance use to cope with pandemic-related stress. Few studies have focused exclusively on extremely disadvantaged individuals who are already at risk for substance use. We sought to understand factors associated with increased alcohol and cannabis use during the first 10 months of the COVID-19 pandemic among unsheltered and unstably housed women.

Methods
Between July and December 2020, we conducted phone surveys with San Francisco unhoused and unstably housed women regarding substance use, health, and health services use since the beginning of the pandemic (March 2020).

Results
Among 128 participants, increased use of alcohol and cannabis were reported by 15% and 23%, respectively. The odds of increased use of both substances were 4 times higher in participants who also had increased difficulties managing symptoms of a chronic medical condition during the pandemic.

Conclusions
An intentional and comprehensive approach to managing the health of particularly vulnerable individuals during the COVID pandemic could help alleviate its exacerbating influences. Such an approach should include resources, tools and interventions for managing substance use, as well as chronic, non-COVID medical conditions, which are common and strongly tied to substance use in unhoused and unstably housed women.
Impact of an Infant-Driven Feeding Initiative on Feeding Outcomes in the Preterm Neonate
Authors: Ilahi Zara , Capolongo Theresa , DiMeglio Angela , Demissie Saleshi , Rahman Amanda 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Poor feeding techniques result in adverse outcomes for preterm infants. Infant-driven feeding (IDF) is a structured feeding method that standardizes neonatal cue-based feedings, and matches the neurodevelopmental stage of the preterm infant. The purpose of this quality improvement project is to assess whether initiation of an IDF initiative impacts time from first nipple feed (NF) to full NF and to discharge in infants born before 35 weeks' gestational age. Secondary aims include assessment of the impact of IDF on neonatal growth and feasibility of following an IDF protocol in a level III neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Methods:
This quality improvement project assesses differences in time to first NF, length of hospital stay, and neonatal growth before and after usage of an IDF protocol. Eighty infants were included, 40 prior to and 40 after IDF intervention. Nurses were trained on IDF philosophy and methods prior to initiation.

Results:
IDF was associated with discharge at a younger corrected gestational age (CGA), attainment of ad lib feeds at a younger CGA, and shorter amount of days between first NF and discharge. Infants utilizing IDF had slower weight gain, demonstrated by a larger drop in z score in the IDF group. The medical team and bedside nurses were able to follow the IDF protocol with few exceptions.

Implications for Practice/Research:
IDF allows for optimization of a preterm infant's NICU stay and prepares infants for a safe discharge sooner. This could lead to increased parental satisfaction and decreased hospital cost. Further studies are indicated to ensure these benefits remain and focus on impact direct breastfeeding plays in the IDF model.
Effect of Circular Stapler Diameter on Anastomotic Leakage Rate and Stenosis After Open Total Gastrectomy With Esophagojejunostomy
Authors: Mittelstädt Anke , Reitberger Helena , Fleischmann Julia , Elshafei Moustafa , Brunner Maximilian , Anthuber Anna , Krautz Christian , Lucio Marianna , Merkel Susanne , Grützmann Robert , Weber Georg F. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Anastomotic leakage (AL) and stenosis (AS) are two of the most severe postoperative complications after total gastrectomy with esophagojejunostomy. The stapler diameter can be chosen by the surgeon. Therefore, this study aims to assess the correlation between the stapler size as main independent variable as well as other different risk factors and AL and AS.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 356 patients who underwent open total gastrectomy between 2000 and 2018, mostly due to gastric cancer (96.9%). After propensity score matching the outcome parameters AL and AS were compared between the two stapler size groups. We also assessed different risk factors for AL and AS in cancer patients using multivariate analysis.

Results:
Small circular stapler diameter (21/25 mm; n = 147 vs 28/29/31 mm; n = 209) was identified as a significant risk factor for the occurrence of AL (10% vs 4% for smaller vs larger staplers; P = 0.042). In multivariate analysis for the occurrence of AL an ASA score ≥ 3 could be identified as a risk factor (OR 2.85; 95% CI = 1.13–7.15; P = 0.026). Additionally, smaller stapler size could be identified as a risk factor for AS (OR small 1.00, OR large 0.24; 95% CI: 0.06–0.97; P = 0.045). AL was associated with lower survival (18.1 vs 38.16 months; P = 0.0119).

Conclusion:
The application of a larger circular stapler for esophagojejunostomy in open total gastrectomy shows significantly lower rates of AL and stenosis. Therefore, the largest possible stapler diameter should be applied.
Dynamic Radiographs are Unreliable to Assess Arthrodesis following Cervical Fusion: A Modeled Radiostereometric Analysis of Cervical Motion
Authors: Pinter Zachariah W. , Skjaerlund Jonathan , Michalopoulos Giorgos D. , Nathani Karim R. , Bydon Mohamad , Nassr Ahmad , Sebastian Arjun S. , Freedman Brett A. 
Published: September 2022

Study Design.
In vitro study

Objective.
The purpose of the present study was to utilize an idealized cervical spine model to determine whether the parallax effect or changes in the position of the spine relative to the x-ray generator influence intervertebral motion parameters on dynamic cervical spine radiographs.

Summary of Background Data.
The utility of flexion-extension radiographs in clinical practice remains in question due to poor reliability of the parameters utilized to measure motion.

Methods.
A cervical spine model with tantalum beads inserted into the tip of each spinous process was utilized to measure interspinous process distance on plain radiographs (IPD). The model was then manipulated to alter the generator angle and generator distance, and the IPD was measured. The impact of individual and combined changes in these parameters on IPD was assessed. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent drivers of variability in IPD measurements.

Results.
Isolated changes in the generator distance and generator angle and combined changes in these parameters led to significant changes in the measured IPD at each intervertebral level in neutral, flexion, and extension, which, in many instances, exceeded an absolute change of >1 mm or >2 mm. Multivariate analysis revealed that generator distance and generator angle are both independent factors impacting IPD measurements that have an additive effect.

Conclusion.
In an idealized cervical spine model, small clinically feasible changes in spine position relative to the x-ray generator produced substantial variability in interspinous process distance measurements, with absolute changes that often exceeded established cutoffs for determining the presence of pathologic motion across a fused segment. This study further reinforces that motion assessment on dynamic radiographs is not a reliable method for determining the presence of an arthrodesis unless these sources of variability can be consistently eliminated.

Level of Evidence.
III
Bilateral nephrolithiasis and upper tract transitional cell carcinoma in horseshoe kidney
Authors: Gaines Jacob M. , Macdonald Eric J. , Rai Arun , Hoenig David , Smith Arthur , Okeke Zeph , Aro Tareq 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Nephroureterectomy is currently the criterion-standard treatment for high-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Current guidelines and expert opinions propose some exceptions to this approach based on patient characteristics, disease status, and function of the contralateral kidney. We present a rare case of a patient with horseshoe kidney, bilateral large nephrolithiasis, high-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma in one moiety, and relative parenchymal thinning of the contralateral side. The patient was treated with a percutaneous, minimally invasive, nephron sparing approach. The patient also had intracollecting system instillations of gemcitabine and docetaxel. Minimally invasive percutaneous resection of high-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma is a safe procedure in select cases. Current guidelines may not apply to all patients; unique scenarios with upper tract urothelial carcinoma may require personalized decision-making and treatment at specialized centers.
Vitamin D receptor polymorphism and prostate cancer prognosis
Authors: El-attar Ahmed Z. , Hussein Samia , Salama Mariam F. A. , Ibrahim Hanaa M. , AlKaramany Amira S. , Elsawi Mansour K. , Hemeda Mohamed , Algazeery Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Prostatic epithelial cells synthesize the active form of vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), which participates in regulating prostate growth. Calcitriol, a synthetic form of vitamin D3, exhibits antiproliferative and prodifferentiation activities in prostate cancer. The function of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is mediated by its binding to vitamin D receptor (VDR). VDR forms a heterodimer, typically with retinoid X receptor, to regulate vitamin D target genes. We evaluated the relationship between VDR polymorphism and clinical characteristics associated with prostate cancer risk and prognosis among Egyptian men.

Materials and methods
This case-control study included 2 groups of patients: group A, a control group of 50 subjects with benign prostate hyperplasia, and group B, 50 subjects newly diagnosed with prostate cancer. All participants performed complete blood count (CBC), liver and kidney function tests, prostate specific antigen (PSA) measurement, histopathological analysis and immunohistochemistry for Dickkopf Homolog 3 (DKK3). Restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) was performed to detect VDR polymorphism.

Results
Patients with prostate cancer and controls showed a significantly different CA genotype frequency (p = 0.007). Furthermore, prostate-specific antigen levels were significantly different in different genotypes in patients with prostate cancer (p < 0.001). Finally, T stage and the VDR ApaI C/A polymorphism were significantly associated (p < 0.041).

Conclusion
The VDR ApaI C/A polymorphism may be a diagnostic and prognostic marker for prostate cancer in Egyptian men.
Bowen Disease Within a Circumscribed Palmar Hypokeratosis
Authors: Torre-Castro Juan , Nájera Laura , Salgüero Irene , Requena Luis 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Circumscribed palmar or plantar hypokeratosis is a focal disorder of keratinization that consists of a reduction in the thickness of the corneal layer of the epidermis of palms or soles. Although it is considered a benign entity, the thinning of the stratum corneum facilitates ultraviolet damage in the affected skin, which may result in an increased risk of developing focal epidermal dysplasia. Other factors, such as immunosuppression in transplanted patients, may play a role as well. We present a case of circumscribed palmar or plantar hypokeratosis with features of Bowen disease limited to the hypokeratotic epidermis.
Reduction of Glare Discomfort and Photostress Recovery Time Through the Use of a High-Energy Visible–Filtering Contact Lens
Authors: Renzi-Hammond Lisa M. , Buch John , Xu Jie , Hammond Billy R. 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:Glare discomfort (GDC) is the slight pain (discomfort) that arises when exposed to light that exceeds one's adaptive state. Such light can also cause a temporary loss in visual function (photostress, PS). We tested the hypothesis that filtering with a high-energy visible (HEV) light–filtering contact lens can reduce GDC and speed PS recovery time.Methods:Sixty-one subjects were randomized and fit with study lenses and 58 subjects completed as cohort (20–65 years of age). A double-masked, randomized, contralateral design was used (HEV filter on one eye; control lens on the other). Participants were given a 5-s exposure to a broadband white photostressor. Video images were analyzed, and palpebral fissure size during exposure was measured, as was PS recovery time to a 2-degree mid-wave target.Results:The HEV-filtering test lens was statistically superior (P<0.0001) to the clear comparison contact lens with respect to the magnitude of squint (44.9% squint reduction) and photostress recovery time (24.3% faster recovery).Conclusions:High-energy visible light–filtering contacts can reduce GDC and speed PS recovery. Filtering HEV light before it is incident upon the retina is a natural strategy (e.g., by the lens and macular pigment) for attenuating some of the deleterious effects of bright broadband light.
Novel High-Resolution Imaging Using ANTERION Optical Coherence Tomography to Assess Fluid Reservoir Change in Scleral Lens Periphery
Authors: Tran Stephanie , Roberts Cynthia J. , Mahmoud Ashraf , Pisano Stephanie , Mundy Chantelle 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:
To assess scleral lens fluid reservoir (FR) change simultaneously in four quadrants with single acquisition using novel ANTERION anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Methods:
A prospective, observational, clinical study of 18 subjects (30 eyes) was performed on adults fitted with a scleral lens for ocular surface disease (n=8), irregular cornea/scar (n=7), and corneal ectasia (n=15). ANTERION anterior segment SS-OCT imaging was obtained at the initial visit and at the follow-up to determine pre and post scleral lens settling, measured in microns, centrally and peripherally. Peripheral measurements were grouped into four quadrants. Repeated-measures ANOVA was performed comparing vault post minus pre differences by quadrant, and TTests comparing difference in FR by lens design were performed with a significant threshold at P<0.05.

Results:
The mean central scleral lens settling was significant at −48.3±41.7 μm. The change in FR by quadrant was superior (S): −47.8±67.3 μm, inferior (I): −68.0±102.2 μm, nasal (N) −46.3±63.4 μm, and temporal (T): −56.7±49.3 μm. There were no significant differences in lens settling between the quadrants. Within the three categories, the irregular cornea group experienced significantly greater lens settling. There was no significant difference in central FR when comparing lens design or lens diameter.

Conclusions:
The ANTERION SS-OCT allows for high-resolution central and peripheral assessment of FR in scleral lens wear. With increased technology available for scleral lens customization, this imaging modality can assist in more detailed assessment in quadrant-specific scleral lens designs.
Healthy dietary indices and noncancer pain: a systematic review of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies
Authors: Chand Rani R. , Blyth Fiona M. , Khalatbari-Soltani Saman 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pain is a global public health problem given its high prevalence and incidence, long duration, and social and economic impact. There is growing interest in nutrition as potential modifiable risk factor related to pain; however, the associations between healthy dietary patterns and pain have not yet been well established. Thus, we aimed to systematically review and synthesise current cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence on the relationship between a priori healthy dietary patterns and noncancer pain among adults aged ≥18 years. We identified relevant published cross-sectional and longitudinal studies by systematically searching several electronic databases from inception to September 2021. Risk of bias was assessed using the modified Newcastle–Ottawa scale for cohort studies. A total of 14 cross-sectional and 6 longitudinal studies were included in the review. These studies measured different dietary scores/indices, such as different measures of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the dietary inflammatory index. Pain ascertainment methods and pain measurements used differed across studies. All 20 of the included studies had different study designs and statistical analysis. Of these studies, 10 reported an inverse association between adherence to a healthy dietary pattern and pain, 5 reported mixed results, and 5 reported no associations. Despite notable heterogeneity, 50% of included observational studies reported that adherence to a healthy diet, particularly the Mediterranean diet, is inversely associated with pain. Of note, the cross-sectional design of most studies precludes any causal interpretation. Moreover, limited and inconsistent evidence from longitudinal studies highlights the need for further studies.