bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Industry 4.0 Implementation Challenges in the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry: An Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach
Authors: Inuwa Haruna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Like other industrial revolutions, the fourth industrial revolution requires an entire change like work. It gives rise to the emergence of technologies like cyber-physical systems, the internet of things, cloud computing, additive manufacturing, big data analytics, and smart production. The main goals of Industry 4.0 technologies belie in flexibility in operations, end-to-end operational maintenance, and the internal upgrading of production systems intelligently. This paper study and identifies Industry 4.0 implementation challenges in the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry. Accordingly, this paper analyses the identified challenges using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) based on the experts’ opinions. Based on the interpretive structural modeling outcome, which is used to determine the hierarchy of the implementation challenges, the absence of a skilled workforce (people), open collaboration, and big data management and security, and technology interaction and integration emerged as the main Industry 4.0 implementation challenges in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. Next is insufficient funds. Finally, the government policy and blueprint are the least among the six identified implementation challenges. In conclusion, this paper can serve as a tool for researchers, industry leaders, stakeholders, and professionals in the oil and gas industry to increase their awareness of Industry 4.0 implementation challenges.
Characteristic Curvature Assessment of Some Natural Surfactants for Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Applications in Nigeria
Authors: Gbonhinbor Jeffrey , Obuebite Ann , Kuradoite George , Agi Augustine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) application of natural surfactants is based on potential interfacial tension (IFT) alterability and eco-friendly considerations. The reduced IFT is associated with microemulsion formation in relation to a surfactant’s characteristic curvature. Lately, surface activities of natural surfactants have gained interest in Nigerian laboratory studies with no attention given to their hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity. This research focuses on molecular weight determination, micelle formation, and characteristic curvature evaluation of readily available natural surfactants. Four plants that are known to possess relevant surfactant properties were selected for this evaluation. Freezing point dipping method was used to determine the average molecular weight of each surfactant. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) was ascertained by electric conductivity tests. Characteristic curvature was evaluated from microemulsion formulations of toluene and aqueous surfactant mixtures. Formulated aqueous surfactant mixture consists of a combination of selected natural surfactant and a reference surfactant. Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) was adopted as the reference surfactant throughout this work. The analysis was configured in line with the hydrophilic-lipophilic deviation (HLD) model set to 0. Results yielded average molecular weights of examined surfactants between 128.3 g/mol to 186.7 g/mol. Critical micelle concentrations values of 0.45 to 0.60 were derived for all natural surfactants. Estimated characteristic curvature values suggested hydrophobicity with values from 0.116 to 0.194. As a consequence, these natural surfactants possess a tendency to form reverse micelles due oleic phase attraction. Their low positive values make them suitable for lowering IFT in order to mobilise trapped formation oil.
Investigation of Gas-Lift Mitigation in Deepwater Pipeline-Riser System
Authors: Okereke Ndubuisi Uchechukwu , Ogazi Isaac Anayo , Umofia Anietie , Ohia Nnaemeka Princewill , Udeagbara Stephen Gekwu , Nwanwe Onyebuchi , Adimekwe Henry , Ekwueme Stanley , Kerunwa Anthony 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Slugging studies done recently have shown that slug mitigation techniques need to be improved, particularly in deepwater scenarios. In order to breakup the liquid slugs inside the riser and reduce acute slugging, the gas-lift slug mitigation method involves injecting a pre-determined volume of gas at the pipeline-riser section. Through OLGA severe slug mitigation; the study investigated various positioning of the gas-lift upstream of the riser-base. A case-study of a typical deepwater scenario within West-Africa was considered. The field was located at a water-depth of over 1000m with riser height of 1513m and pipeline section of 2712m which were all modeled on OLGA. The study involved validation of the pressure simulated against initial pressure behavior from the field. The field case involved running well X1 set up at about 72°C and mass flow rate of 3.25 kg/s, well X2 set up at about 70°C and 12.13 kg/smultiphase flow stream flow. Gas-lift was deployed within range of 7kg/s to 35 kg/s. Although severe slugging was mitigated, the power consumption required by required by gas-lift technique proved to be relatively high.
The results indicated that gas-lift was better off closer to the supporting wells than being at the riser-base; as with the scenario of 35 kg/s gas-lift closer to well X2, the gas pressure upstream of the riser-base was significant enough to push off liquid slugs that accumulated at the riser-base; giving rise to a more stable flow and moderating the severe slugging scenario.
Petroleum Production Forecasting Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Ojedapo Babawale , Ikiensikimama Sunday Sunday , Wachikwu-Elechi Virtue Urunwo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Field forecasting and predictive production analysis has tremendous effects on assets planning and allocation and it cannot be over emphasized. For accurate actions to be taken, appropriate forecasts need to be made on each asset, hence the need to develop methods to aid the process. As a tilt from the conventional methodology of forecasting involving use of curve fitting techniques, and multi-level computational analysis, data driven approaches can be employed. This study presents the applications of data driven approaches to forecast production. Deep learning neural network algorithm and statistics- based data driven approach were considered. An LSTM model was developed and for the statistical algorithms, an ARIMA model, and a Holt Winters model was developed. The models were deployed, and the performance of the models were checked to determine more accurate approach for forecasting. Error analysis on the results form the models showed that the deep learning neural network model provided better results in comparison to the statistical models with an MAE of 0.0328. Based on the model performances, LSTM model can be considered for use in forecasting petroleum production overcoming effects of seasonal changes, and production anomalies in the life of the reservoir.
Evaluating the Performance of Natural Organic Sorbent for Produced Water Treatment
Authors: Adeyemi Gbadegesin , Fadairo Adesina , Ling Kegang , Rasouli Vamengh , Ogunkunle Temitope , Ayoo James , Olowu Akinrinsola 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Research has shown that the most generated waste in the oil and gas industry today during exploration is the produced water (PW). Considering the volume produced, this waste cannot be discharged into the environment either as waste or for reused without proper treatment, hence this may lead to environmental concern to all the stakeholder in the oil and gas industry. In this paper, the two low-cost naturally derived banana peel powder (BPP) and animal bone powered (ABP) organic sorbents were used, capable of cleaning up the oilfield produced water. The banana peel was treated with n-hexane to eliminate all fatty acid and colour pigment then rinsed with distilled water and dried for 12 hours in a 100°C oven and crushed using a laboratory mortar and pestle to particles with a diameter of 2-3 mm and stored in a plastic container The bones used were carbonized at 400°C temperature then left for one hour in a muffle furnace before grounding the residue to a fine particle of 212μm. The two-cost effective organic sorbents were applied for oilfield produced water treatment. Pre-treatment and post-treatment produced water sample analysis were investigated to ascertain the effectiveness of the two derived organic sorbents. The result showed that as the natural organic absorbent increased, the removal efficiency increased. The results disclosed that the mixture of BPP and ABP as excellent adsorbents for the removal of oil from produced water with an oil removal efficiency of more than 98 %
Modelling Degradation Time of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Based Polymeric Fluids
Authors: John Anthony Okon , Joel Ogbonna Friday , Chukwuma Franklin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sand production from hydrocarbon wells is known not to have any economic value. Hydroxyethyl cellulose is one of the polymers of choice used to formulate gravel carrier fluids used to transport proppants to the desired intervals in hydrocarbon wells, drilled in unconsolidated formations, to stop or minimize sand production. Viscous polymeric fluids must be degraded to ensure good wellbore cleanout and good hydrocarbon production. Polymer Degradation is a function of several variables such as temperature, pH, salinity, type and concentration of gel breakers and polymers. The success of gravel pack operations in the field depends greatly on the fluid design, which must first be qualified in the laboratory. It is often difficult to predict the degradation time of polymer fluids used in gravel pack operations because it’s a function of many variables. Therefore, in this study, a more detailed study of the effect of temperature, sodium persulfate breaker concentration and hydroxyethyl cellulose polymer concentration were performed. A model equation, capable of predicting the break time of hydroxyethyl cellulose-based polymeric fluid mixed in 2% by weight of potassium chloride brine, at various temperatures for different concentrations of sodium persulfate breaker, was developed based on data from laboratory experiments with the aid of Mini tab 17 software using factorial regression analysis. From the analysis, temperature has the highest impact on the degradation rate of hydroxyethyl cellulose with an effect estimate of -281.7, while breaker concentration and polymer concentration have an effect estimate of -113.4 and 128.8 respectively. From the analysis of variance, the coefficient of determination, R Squared, was 0.8792. The process of degradation of hydroxyethyl cellulose-based fluid similar composition can be more easily and faster optimized using this model.
Isolation of Autochthonous Consortium for the Bioremediation of Oil Contaminated Produced Water
Authors: Taura Usman , Al-Araimi Sara , Al-Bahry Saif , Al-Wahaibi Yahya , Al-Rashdi Lujain 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this research, we isolated indigenous bacteria capable of remediating oil-contaminated produced water in an efficient, cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner. Nine different produced water samples were collected from Omani oil fields and analysed for their physicochemical properties and microbial communities present. Different technologies were performed to extract the DNA of the microbial community cultured in different media. Metagenomic classification of the microbial community showed that the abundant genera are the Acidithiobacillus, Proteinphilum and Marinobacter. The isolated microbes that showed the highest efficiency in oil degradation were further evaluated for liquid-based biodegradation as well as in naturally occurring and artificially contaminated soil. Fourteen bacteria samples were found to be efficient in bioremediating the three environments tested. In the liquid-based media, the isolates were able to degrade the heavy oil carbon chains (C14-C20) by at least 50% after 1 week period, while some of the most potent isolates have achieved more than 95% or completely degraded all the hydrocarbon chains. Similarly, in the naturally contaminated soil, the isolates demonstrated a complete degradation of the lighter carbon molecules from C10-C16 and also achieved a higher than 90% degradation for the heavier components. Likewise, the isolates have exhibited similar biodegradation ability when exposed to an induced contaminated soil where all the lower carbon chains (C12-C17) were mostly degraded by the microbes in the samples.
Overcoming the Late-Stage Development Challenges of Bonga Turbidite Reservoirs via Geosteering Technology Deployment
Authors: Jenakumo Timipere , Adekoya Oluwaseyi , Itua Joshua , Belgore Abidemi , Nkanga Akanimoh , Olagunju Oluwatoyin , Bisain Amarjit Singh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Bonga field is in its late stage Phase-3 development. Infill wells are drilled to target oil in the bypassed or unswept areas of the reservoirs. Unlike the earlier phases of development, the current wells have complex trajectories and are hooked up via crowded subsea manifolds. Because oflimited availability of drilling centers, most of the new wells are extended reach with narrow drilling margins.
The target reservoirs are relatively thinner, poorly developed, and more limited in extent and size compared to targets in the earlier phases, increasing inherent subsurface uncertainties. With an expected low case ultimate recovery per well of roughly 10–15 MMstb, and average deepwater well cost of +/- $40 million, the stakes were high and hence critical to get it right the first time. If net-sand is poor or short because of suboptimal landing or well placement in the reservoir, the well objective (recovery and rate) can easily be compromised and could require drilling a sidetrack with additional attendant cost. Longer exposure length of drain hole (reservoir section) was known to improve well production rates hence an essential component of the well plan.
To address these challenges and ensure the wells achieve their objectives and deliver their economic value, a geosteering technology (Reservoir Mapping While Drilling tool—GeoSphere) was adopted for optimal landing above the target reservoir(s) and placement within the reservoir channel sands using the Multilayer Distance to Boundary technology (PeriScopeHD). The deployment of geosteering technology was considered to be a success in enabling better sand exposures of the wells in the target sections, thus achieving the well objectives.
This paper discusses the implementation of geosteering technology and learnings from two case studies in the Bonga infill campaign.
Collation, Analysis of Oil and Gas Production Reports Using Excel, Python and R: A Data Science Approach in Handling Large Data
Authors: Oluwalade Opeyemi , Adeeyo Yisa , Emeruwa Frank , Nwabulue Nnamdi , Obi-Okoye Adaora , Adesola Adekanmi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The ability to have data and manipulate it to uncover meaningful information is a must-have skill in this day and age. In this paper, practical techniques were applied to combine and analyze 65 sets of well test data received from the Field Engineers for a particular well (Well-001). Comparisons were made between manually collating (copy and paste) and analyzing the data and applying Data Science techniques. Analysis was also done after collation of this data.
It was on the basis of this review that it was observed that the well had a corroded bean box and that was replaced, while further analysis on the other hand showed that in the future, a Water Shut Off (WSO) and perforation extension opportunity could be carried out to boost and optimize production in this particular well.
The emphasis of this paper is not on the analysis of the data but comparing various tools that can be used to combine large data from different excel files and collating them into one sheet for analysis and pointing out how man-hours can be optimized by applying Data Science. Data used in this paper were routine Field reports stored in a file that pertains to a Well in one of the Fields of interest. One of the takeaways from the job done here is that we can achieve more in less time from Data Science tools and codes like R, Python, VBA and also other tools like Power Query and Pivot Tables.
Hydro-Mechanical and Electro-Hydraulic Single Trip Completions, An Affordable Reality
Authors: Akanegbu Stanley , Akinpelu James , Ogueli Okechukwu , Edwards Andrew , Ologunkeji Oluseyi , Ibrahim Yahaya , Robertson Bruce , Ekpuk Joseph , Ekwedike Augustine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recent papers describe successful Single-Trip Completions (STC) operations carried out offshore Nigeria and other locations and has successfully shed light on implementation of this advanced technology, which represents a step change in operational efficiency. However, the cost of these STC equipment may be prohibitive for wells drilled in shelf or swamp environments. The delivery of STC relies on different communication methods to communicate with and function the down-hole tools that make up part of the STC assemblies such as the "hydraulically actuated sand screens", the "radio frequency identification (RFID) actuated sleeves", and "valves". These different communication methods permit the running of a closed-loop system to ensure well integrity through-out the deployment and commissioning of the completion system. This paper will discuss pre-job planning, field execution and lessons learned from technologies developed to fit this environment while simultaneously challenging conventional thinking around open hole and cased hole completions systems, while addressing the operator's key drive towards capital efficiency through reduction of rig-days by as much as 50%. While several of the components incorporated in the STC system had been run previously in isolation, this paper will discuss the steps taken to facilitate the first full system approach to the application of sand screens fitted with hydro-mechanical inflow control device sleeves designed to actuate on pressure bleed-off, RFID enabled tools in the first hybrid single trip interventionless sand control completion system, and the time savings realized while ensuring well integrity through-out the deployment. Several components within the completion system have been equipped with novel enabling technology, RFID operated reservoir isolation valve at toe of the completion, wire wrapped sand screens fitted with hydro-mechanical sleeves designed to actuate on pressure bleed down complete with inflow control devices, and fuse actuated remote operated circulating sleeves for annular fluid displacement, which will all be discussed within.
Gas Condensate Well Deliverability Model, a Field Case Study of a Niger Delta Gas Condensate Reservoir
Authors: Ehibor Idahosa , Ohenhen Ikponmwosa , Oloyede Bukolo , Adetoyi Gbenga , Amaechi Tochukwu , Olajide Olanike , Kaka Ademola , Woyengidiripre Anthony 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Gas condensate banking accumulated near the wellbore occurs when the bottomhole pressure becomes less than the dew point pressure, allowing the liquid fraction to condense out of the gas phase. Once the accumulation near the wellbore is higher than critical condensate saturation, the liquid phase becomes mobile with the gas phase, affecting well deliverability and making it difficult to estimate gas and condensate flow rate from the reservoir due to two phase flow of fluid. This paper presents an analytical model that evaluates the well deliverability from the reservoir.
The concept of two phases Pseudo-pressure is used in the interpretation and evaluation of well deliverability from the gas condensate reservoir. The model considers non-Darcy flow effects and capillary effects.
The model is applied to a live field case study of a Niger Delta gas condensate reservoir to determine well deliverability. Gas and liquid production profile from the model showed 95% accuracy when compared with compositional simulation model. This model is encoded into a spreadsheet program using python to calculate well deliverability parameters.
Genome sequence of the entomopathogenic Serratia entomophila isolate 626 and characterisation of the species specific itaconate degradation pathway
Authors: Vaughan Amy L , Altermann Eric , Glare Travis R , Hurst Mark R H 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Isolates of Serratia entomophila and S. proteamaculans (Yersiniaceae) cause disease specific to the endemic New Zealand pasture pest, Costelytra giveni (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Previous genomic profiling has shown that S. entomophila isolates appear to have conserved genomes and, where present, conserved plasmids. In the absence of C. giveni larvae, S. entomophila prevalence reduces in the soil over time, suggesting that S. entomophila has formed a host-specific relationship with C. giveni. To help define potential genetic mechanisms driving retention of the chronic disease of S. entomophila, the genome of the isolate 626 was sequenced, enabling the identification of unique chromosomal properties, and defining the gain/loss of accessory virulence factors relevant to pathogenicity to C. giveni larvae. Results: We report the complete sequence of S. entomophila isolate 626, a causal agent of amber disease in C. giveni larvae. The genome of S. entomophila 626 is 5,046,461 bp, with 59.1% G+C content and encoding 4,695 predicted CDS. Comparative analysis with five previously sequenced Serratia species, S. proteamaculans 336X, S. marcescens Db11, S. nematodiphila DH-S01, S. grimesii BXF1, and S. ficaria NBRC 102596, revealed a core of 1,165 genes shared. Further comparisons between S. entomophila 626 and S. proteamaculans 336X revealed fewer predicted phage-like regions and genomic islands in 626, suggesting less horizontally acquired genetic material. Genomic analyses revealed the presence of a four-gene itaconate operon, sharing a similar gene order as the Yersinia pestis ripABC complex. Assessment of a constructed 626::RipC mutant revealed that the operon confer a possible metabolic advantage to S. entomophila in the initial stages of C. giveni infection.Conclusions: Evidence is presented where, relative to S. proteamaculans 336X, S. entomophila 626 encodes fewer genomic islands and phages, alluding to limited horizontal gene transfer in S. entomophila.Bioassay assessments of a S. entomophila-mutant with a targeted mutation of the itaconate degradation region unique to this species, found the mutant to have a reduced capacity to replicate post challenge of the C. giveni larval host, implicating the itaconate operon in establishment within the host.