bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Following Insufficiently Active Adolescents: What Predicts Whether They Meet Adult Activity Guidelines When They Grow Up?
Authors: Espinoza Sarah M. , Eisenberg Marla E. , Levine Alina , Borowsky Iris W. , Barr-Anderson Daheia J. , Wall Melanie M. , Neumark-Sztainer Dianne 
Published: December 2022

Background: We investigated the percentage of insufficiently active adolescents who became young adults meeting moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guidelines. We also explored adolescent psychosocial and environmental factors that predicted MVPA guideline adherence in young adulthood. Methods: Participants included N = 1001 adolescents (mean age = 14.1 y) reporting < 7 hours per week of MVPA and followed (8 y later) into young adulthood through Project EAT. We examined mean weekly hours of MVPA, MVPA change between adolescence and young adulthood, and the proportion of participants meeting MVPA guidelines in young adulthood. With sex-stratified logistic regression, we tested 11 adolescent psychosocial and environmental factors predicting meeting MVPA guidelines in young adulthood. Results: Overall, 55% of insufficiently active adolescents became young adults meeting MVPA guidelines. On average, participants reported 3.0 hours per week of MVPA, which improved to 3.8 hours per week in young adulthood. Among female participants, higher MVPA in adolescence and stronger feelings of exercise compulsion predicted greater odds of meeting adult MVPA guidelines (odds ratioMVPA = 1.18; odds ratiocompulsion = 1.13). Among female and male participants, perceived friend support for activity in adolescence predicted greater odds of meeting adult MVPA guidelines (odds ratiofemale = 1.12; odds ratiomale = 1.26). Conclusions: Insufficiently active adolescents can later meet adult guidelines. Interventions that increase perceived friend support for activity may benefit individuals across development.
Exploring the Relationship Between Mental Toughness and Self-Compassion in the Context of Sport Injury
Authors: Johnson Karissa L. , Cormier Danielle L. , Kowalski Kent C. , Mosewich Amber D. 
Published: December 2022

Helping athletes cope effectively with injury is likely of great interest to many sport stakeholders. Mental toughness is one psychological factor positively associated with resilience and sport performance, though stubborn persistence through injury might not always be conducive to adaptive athlete outcomes. Self-compassion—a balanced, nonjudgmental approach in relating to oneself when experiencing suffering—might help circumvent these pitfalls and complement injury recovery. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between mental toughness and self-compassion in a sport injury context. This study consisted of 2 phases—phase I quantitatively assessed the relationships between mental toughness, self-compassion, and other psychological constructs, while phase II used qualitative interviews to corroborate and inform these findings. In phase I, competitive athletes who were injured at the time of data collection (n = 81) completed mental toughness, self-compassion, coping resources, self-esteem, and self-criticism questionnaires. Self-compassion was positively correlated with mental toughness (r = .48, P < .01), coping resources (r = .54, P < .05), and self-esteem (r = .60, P < .01). Self-compassion and self-criticism were negatively correlated with each other (r = –.52, P < .01). Results from hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that self-compassion was a significant predictor of mental toughness (ΔR2 = .07, P < .01), coping resources (ΔR2 = .10, P < .01), and self-criticism (ΔR2 = .06, P < .01), beyond the effects of self-esteem. Four injured athletes who scored above the median on mental toughness and self-compassion measures were interviewed in phase II. Thematic analysis generated 2 themes: (1) self-compassion grants access to wise mental toughness and (2) mental toughness helps activate self-compassionate actions during injury. These findings are consistent with recent research and suggest that both mental toughness and self-compassion can work together to help athletes cope with sport injury.
Supplemental Material: Tectonics, geochronology, and petrology of the Walker Top Granite, Appalachian Inner Piedmont, North Carolina: Implications for acadian and neoacadian orogenesis
Authors: Merschat A.J. 
Published: November 2022

<p>Whole-rock major- and trace-element geochemical data from the Walker Top Granite and other megacrystic granites from the Inner Piedmont. </p>
Determination of Steroid Hormones in Human Saliva by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry Detection
Authors: Dmitrieva E. V. , Temerdashev A. Z. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A method is developed for the simultaneous determination of steroid hormones of various classes (androgens, progestins, and glucocorticoids) in human saliva using liquid–liquid extraction and detection by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. It was found that the most suitable solvent for the extraction of the target analytes is methyl tert-butyl ether. The volume of the extractant and other factors affecting the extraction of analytes from the analyzed matrix were optimized using multivariate analysis (Box−Behnken design). Under optimal conditions, the recoveries of analytes are more than 90%, and the limits of detection are in the range of 50–250 pg/mL, which indicates the high sensitivity of the proposed procedure.
Estimating the Potential of the Electronic Nose System for Monitoring Disturbances in the Functional Obesity of Children in a Hospital: Noninvasive Diagnosis without Biosampling
Authors: Kuchmenko T. A. , Dorovskaya E. S. , Menzhulina D. A. , Chubarov T. V. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A portable “diagnostic electronic nose” was used to study the composition of a mixture of volatile compounds emitted by the skin of the forearms in children with obesity and other associated metabolic disorders. Differences and features of the profiles of volatile compounds (primarily organic) of the skin on the left and right forearms in children with obesity and the dependence of the profile on food intake, drugs, concomitant diseases, and body characteristics were evaluated in hospital environment. More than 300 patient profiles were analyzed for 2 years, including the dynamics in profiles during repeated planned hospitalizations. The results suggest that the composition of the gas mixture of compounds emitted by the skin on the forearms can be analyzed and compared without preliminary separation or selection using an array of eight piezoelectric sensors of the “diagnostic electronic nose” device. We measured a correlation between the electronic nose data and the results of standard clinical laboratory tests. The parameters of a sensor array and clinical studies are closely related to each other in the levels of urea, alkaline phosphatase, and glucose. An approach based on scanning a volatile skin profile on the forearm for 3–6 min helps to rank children with obesity into groups associated with the socially significant diseases and conditions: “Normal,” “Obesity with a risk of development of type 2 diabetes mellitus,” and “Type 1 diabetes mellitus.” Using chemometric methods, we optimized the analytical procedure and specified research conditions and control points. The composition of the volatile skin metabolome on the right forearm, scanned on an empty stomach, is the most informative. The accuracy of the difference between the problem groups and the norm is 100%; the accuracy of the rank within pathological groups is 80%. The proportion of false assignments increases in the presence of inflammation in a body of any type. The potentials of the procedure were evaluated in a hospital environment.
Light baryon resonances from a coupled-channel study including $$\mathbf {K\Sigma }$$ photoproduction
Authors: Rönchen D. , Döring M. , Meißner U.-G. , Shen C.-W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Jülich-Bonn dynamical coupled-channel approach is extended to include $$K\Sigma $$

K
Σ

photoproduction off the proton. Differential cross section and (double) polarization data for $$K^+\Sigma ^0$$

K
+

Σ
0

and $$K^0\Sigma ^+$$

K
0

Σ
+

are analysed simultaneously with the pion- and photon-induced production of $$\pi N$$

π
N

, $$\eta N$$

η
N

, $$K\Lambda $$

K
Λ

, and $$K\Sigma $$

K
Σ

final states, totaling almost 72,000 data points for center-of-mass energies $$W<2.4$$

W
<
2.4

GeV. Based on the fit results the spectrum of $$N^*$$

N
∗

and $$\Delta $$
Δ
resonances is extracted in terms of pole positions and residues. We discuss the impact of the $$\gamma p\rightarrow K\Sigma $$

γ
p
→
K
Σ

channels in detail and investigate the influence of recent polarization data for $$\eta p$$

η
p

photoproduction.
Tachyonic cosmology with cubic contractions of the Riemann tensor
Authors: Marciu Mihai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA new cosmological theory is proposed in the theoretical framework of modified gravity theories which is based on a tachyonic field non-minimally coupled with a specific topological invariant constructed with third order contractions of the Riemann tensor. After proposing the action of the cosmological model, the modified Friedmann relations and the Klein–Gordon equations are obtained, describing the corresponding geometrical corrections to the Einstein–Hilbert action. The physical features of the cosmological system are investigated by adopting the dynamical system analysis in the case of an exponential function for the geometrical coupling term. The investigation revealed that the cosmological system can explain the current accelerated expansion of the Universe and the matter dominated epoch, showing a high compatibility to the recent history of our Universe for various values of the coupling coefficients.
Thin accretion disks around a black hole in Einstein-Aether-scalar theory
Authors: He Tong-Yu , Cai Ziqiang , Yang Rong-Jia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe consider the accretion process in the thin disk around a supermassive black hole in Einstein-aether-scalar theory. We probe the effects of the model parameter on the physical properties of the disk. The results show that with increasing value of the parameter, the energy flux, the radiation temperature, the spectra cut-off frequency, the spectra luminosity, and the conversion efficiency of the disk decrease. The disk is hotter and more luminous than that in general relativity for negative parameter, while it is cooler and less luminous for positive parameter. We also find some values of the parameter allowed by the theory are excluded by the physical properties of the disk.
How barrow entropy modifies gravity: with comments on Tsallis entropy
Authors: Di Gennaro Sofia , Xu Hao , Ong Yen Chin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBarrow proposed that the area law of the horizon entropy might receive a “fractal correction” $$S\propto A^{1+\Delta /2}$$

S
∝

A

1
+
Δ
/
2

due to quantum gravitational effects, with $$0\leqslant \Delta \leqslant 1$$

0
⩽
Δ
⩽
1

measures the deviation from the standard area law. While such a modification has been widely studied in the literature, its corresponding theory of gravity has not been discussed. We follow Jacobson’s approach to derive the modified gravity theory (interpreted as an effective theory), and find that in the stationary case the resulting theory only differs from general relativity by a re-scaled cosmological constant. Consequently in asymptotically flat stationary spacetimes the theory is identical to general relativity. The theory is not applicable when there is no horizon; the multi-horizon case is complicated. We emphasize on the importance of identifying the correct thermodynamic mass in a theory with modified thermodynamics to avoid inconsistencies. We also comment on the Hawking evaporation rate beyond the effective theory. In addition, we show that the Bekenstein bound is satisfied if the thermodynamic mass is used as the energy, up to a constant prefactor. We briefly comment on the Tsallis entropy case as well. Interestingly, for the latter, the requirement that Bekenstein bound holds imposes a lower bound on the non-extensive parameter: $$\delta > 1/2$$

δ
>
1
/
2

, which unfortunately rules out the previously suggested possibility that the expansion of the universe can accelerate with normal matter field alone.
Compatibility of Poisson–Lie transformations and symmetries of generalized supergravity equations
Authors: Hlavatý Ladislav 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe investigate two types of transformations that keep NS–NS generalized supergravity equations satisfied: $$\chi $$
χ
-symmetry (20) that shifts dilaton and gauge transformations (30) that change both dilaton and vector field J. Due to these symmetries there is a large set of dilatons and vector fields J that (for a fixed metric and B-field) satisfy generalized supergravity equations but only some of them can be be used as input for Poisson–Lie transformations. Conditions that define the admissible dilatons are given and examples are presented.
Exploring 2 + 2 answers to 3 + 1 questions
Authors: Heckman Jonathan J. , Joyce Austin , Sakstein Jeremy , Trodden Mark 
Published: November 2022

We explore potential uses of physics formulated in Kleinian (i.e. 2 + 2) signature spacetimes as a tool for understanding properties of physics in Lorentzian (i.e. 3 + 1) signature. Much as Euclidean (i.e. 4 + 0) signature quantities can be used to formally construct the ground state wavefunction of a Lorentzian signature quantum field theory, a similar analytic continuation to Kleinian signature constructs a state of low particle flux in the direction of analytic continuation. There is also a natural supersymmetry algebra available in 2 + 2 signature, which serves to constrain the structure of correlation functions. Spontaneous breaking of Lorentz symmetry can produce various [Formula: see text] supersymmetry algebras that in 3 + 1 signature correspond to nonsupersymmetric systems. We speculate on the possible role of these structures in addressing the cosmological constant problem.
Automated SAR Image Segmentation and Classification Using Modified Deep Learning
Authors: Srinitya G. , Sharmila D. , Logeswari S. , Raja S. Daniel Madan 
Published: November 2022

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) represents a type of active remote sensing technology that uses microwave electromagnetic radiation to produce and send data to the surface of a target location. SAR imaging is frequently used in national security applications since it is unaffected by weather, geographical location, or time. In this system, many approaches are examined, to improve automation for segmentation and classification. The utilization of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to classify SAR images has gotten a lot of attention, and it usually requires several layers of deep models for feature learning. With insufficient training data, however, the DNN will get affected by the overfitting issue. The major purpose of this work is to make a development on introducing a new framework for SAR image segmentation and categorization using deep learning. Owing to the coherent nature of the backscattering signal, SARs create speckle noise in their images. If the image has noisy material, classification becomes more challenging. Hence, the pre-processing of the images is employed by linear spatial filtering to remove the noise. Further, the Optimized U-Net is used for the segmentation. For the segmented images, the Binary Robust Independent Elementary Features (BRIEF) concept is adopted as the feature descriptor. These features are inputted to the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Tuned Weight DNN (C-TWDNN) for the classification. In both segmentation and classification, the parameter tuning is employed by the combination of Galactic Swarm Optimization (GSO) and Deer Hunting Optimization Algorithm (DHOA) called the Self-adaptive-Galactic Deer Hunting Optimization (SA-GDHO). Experiments are conducted on a variety of public datasets, demonstrating that our method is capable of outperforming various expert systems and deep structured architectures.
The embedded homology of hypergraph pairs
Authors: Ren Shiquan , Wu Jie , Zhang Mengmeng 
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we generalize the embedded homology groups of hypergraphs initially given in [S. Bressan, J. Li, S. Ren and J. Wu, The embedded homology of hypergraphs and applications, Asian J. Math. 23(3) (2019) 479–500] and study the relative embedded homology groups of hypergraph pairs. We prove some long exact sequences as well as a Mayer–Vietoris sequence for the relative embedded homology groups of hypergraph pairs. Moreover, we briefly discuss the two-dimensional persistence for the relative embedded homology groups of hypergraph pairs.
Determinants of twisted generalized hybrid weaving knots
Authors: Joshi Sahil , Prabhakar Madeti 
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a formula for the determinant of the twisted generalized hybrid weaving knot [Formula: see text] which is a closed 3-braid. As a corollary, we prove Conjecture 2 given in Singh and Chbili [Nuclear Phys. B 980 (2022) 115800].
“Não dá mais só para cantar”. Entrevista com Djuena Tikuna
Authors: Matarezio Filho Edson Tosta 
Published: December 2022

Esta conversa com Djuena Tikuna aconteceu poucos dias antes do Indígenas.BR – Festival de Músicas Indígenas, organizado pela etnomusicóloga Magda Pucci. Djuena e eu participaríamos de um bate-papo sobre música ticuna tradicional e contemporânea no dia 7 de setembro de 2021.[1]. A data é bastante significativa, dia da Independência do Brasil, e naquele momento também bastante turbulenta em virtude de acontecimentos políticos importantes para o movimento indígena. Manifestações, tanto da direita quanto da esquerda, estavam marcadas para acontecerem em todo o Brasil. Naquele mês, cerca de seis mil pessoas, de 170 povos indígenas de todo o país, acamparam na Esplanada dos Ministérios à espera de um julgamento, pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, da chamada tese do “marco temporal”. De acordo com esta tese, os indígenas que não estavam em suas terras em 5 de outubro de 1988, data da promulgação da atual Constituição, não teriam mais direito sobre elas. A organização do movimento indígena para se opor ao “marco temporal” foi exemplar, adiando a votação e dando visibilidade ao absurdo da tese.

[1] A gravação do evento pode ser assistida no YouTube, neste link https://youtu.be/bxdHyAn_378
Dispersion, Procreation and Mission: the Emergence of Protestantism in Early Modern West Africa
Authors: Frederiks Martha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article explores the emergence of Protestantism in West Africa in the 17th century, using both primary and secondary sources. Its central argument is that the history of Protestantism in early modern Africa has mainly been examined within the paradigm of mission history, thus reducing the history of Protestantism to a history of Protestant missionary endeavors. By intersecting three complementary windows, – a Roman Catholic window, a chartered company window and a Euro-African window –, the article traces the wider history of Protestantism in early modern West Africa. It maps the impact of Protestantism on Roman Catholics in West Africa, sketches the significance of Protestantism for certain Euro-Africans, and shows that through a combination of dispersion, procreation and mission Protestantism became a reality in West Africa as early as the 17th century.
Chronotherapeutic neuroprotective effect of verapamil against lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in mice through modulation of calcium-dependent genes
Authors: Mosalam Esraa M. , Elberri Aya Ibrahim , Sallam Amany Said , Salem Heba Rady , Metwally Ebtehal M. , Abdallah Mahmoud S. , Shaldam Moataz A. , Mansour Hend E. Abo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Neuroinflammation is a major mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is a major healthcare problem. Notwithstanding of ample researches figured out possible molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of AD, there is no definitive therapeutics that aid in neuroprotection. Therefore, searching for new agents and potential targets is a critical demand. We aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of verapamil (VRP) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in mice and whether the time of VRP administration could affect its efficacy.

Methods
Forty male albino mice were used and were divided into normal control, LPS only, morning VRP, and evening VRP. Y-maze and pole climbing test were performed as behavioral tests. Hematoxylin and eosin together with Bielschowsky silver staining were done to visualize neuroinflammation and phosphorylated tau protein (pTAU); respectively. Additionally, the state of mitochondria, the levels of microglia-activation markers, inflammatory cytokines, intracellular Ca2+, pTAU, and Ca2+-dependent genes involving Ca2+/ calmodulin dependent kinase II (CAMKII) isoforms, protein kinase A (PKA), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), with the level of VRP in the brain tissue were measured.

Results
LPS successfully induced neuroinflammation and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, which was indicated by elevated levels of microglia markers, inflammatory cytokines, and intracellular Ca2+ with compromised mitochondria and downregulated CAMKII isoforms, PKA, CREB and BDNF. Pretreatment with VRP showed significant enhancement in the architecture of the brain and in the behavioral tests as indicated by the measured parameters. Moreover, morning VRP exhibited better neuroprotective profile compared to the evening therapy.

Conclusions
VRP highlighted a multilevel of neuroprotection through anti-inflammatory activity, Ca2+ blockage, and regulation of Ca2+-dependent genes. Furthermore, chronotherapy of VRP administration should be consider to achieve best therapeutic efficacy.

Graphical Abstract