bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three courses of treatment increase the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in patients with local advanced ESCC without increasing TRAEs compared with two courses of treatment
Authors: Huang Yuanheng , Su Xiaodong , Guo Guo , Luo Guangyu , He Haoqiang , Cai Peiqiang , Cai Muyan , Yue Haodong , Wang Zhiqiang , Yang Guozhen , Lin Peng , Zhang Xu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground: Immune checkpoint (ICI) monotherapy and neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy has shown promising results in esophageal carcinoma. However, it is still unclear whether more courses in immunochemotherapy are better. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of three courses of neoadjuvant treatment for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the ChiCTR2000029807 clinical trial. Locally advanced ESCC patients have to receive three courses of camrelizumab (200mg every three weeks) plus nab-paclitaxel (260 mg/m2 every three weeks) and capecitabine (1250 mg/m2 every three weeks) before undergoing surgery. Patients received safety assessment, CT, and endoscopy (with endoscopic ultrasonography and mucosal biopsy) efficacy assessments before and in the second and third courses of treatment. We used the second and third courses' CT and endoscopic assessment results for comparison.Results: From May 2020 to December 2021, 47 patients were enrolled at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. In our study, 43 patients completed three courses of preoperative chemotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 therapy and radical surgical resection. All Forty-three patients received safety assessments and CT efficacy assessments. Sixteen patients did not undergo an endoscopy examination during the second course of treatment because of esophageal stenosis or refused the endoscopy examination. The toxicity of the third course of immunochemotherapy was mild and well tolerated without increased treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and mortality compared with the second course of treatment. In terms of efficacy, an additional course of treatment after the second course of treatment was effective, which continued to increase the CT and endoscopy T downstaging rates by 16.3% and 25.9%, N downstaging rates by 7.0% and 11.1%, and ORR by 13.6 and 22.0%, respectively.Conclusions: No matter downstaging or ORR, three courses of immunochemotherapy appear to be superior to two courses of treatment without increasing TRAEs. (www.chictr.org.cn number, ChiCTR2000029807)
Assessing the wildlife trade in western Africa through the prism of functional diversity: a comparative study between two types of wildlife markets from southern Benin
Authors: DJAGOUN Chabi A.M.S. , ZANVO Stanislas , AZIHOU Fortuné , NAGO Gilles , DJAGOUN Joël , VODOUHÊ Fifanou , DJOSSA Bruno , ASSOAGBADJO Achille , LEPRIEUR Fabien , SINSIN Brice , GAUBERT Philippe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We tackle the potential impact of bushmeat markets (BM) and traditional medicine markets (TMM) on the functional diversity of mammalian communities in southern Benin. A hybrid approach combining direct observations, DNA-typing and questionnaires allowed us to identify 94 species-level taxa across 11 mammalian orders, the greatest ever reported numbers for African wildlife markets. TMM sold species of high conservation concern or regulated by international conventions and recruited across all the taxonomic orders and bioclimatic zones. BM were taxonomically (25 species), bioclimatically and functionally 100% nested within TMM. However, functional diversity was high in both markets, which sampled across nine diet specializations and five main ecological functions, including seed dispersion (mostly frugivores, folivores and omnivores), prey regulation (mostly carnivores and invertivores), browsing (mostly folivores), grazing (omnivores) and fertilization (nectarivores). TMM sampled species with the greatest body weights and generation lengths, and smallest litter sizes, including large herbivores and keystone predators. For these reasons, they likely jeopardize the regulatory, structural and production functions of the sourced ecosystems. BM, despite their local sourcing, sampled across a non-selective taxonomic and functional spectrum and as such, also represent a significant threat to ecosystem functioning in southern Benin. The functional database that we provide can serve as a starting point to pursue the quantification of functional diversity in African mammals and further investigate the impact of wildlife markets on ecosystem functioning in tropical Africa. Overall, long-term surveys of BM and TMM are needed to accurately quantify the threat they constitute to mammalian biodiversity and the sustainability of ecosystem services.
Contact time has limited impact on the efficacy of disinfectant towelettes when tested under conditions reflective of realistic use
Authors: Kelley Alyssa M. , Voorn Maxwell G. , Tembo Geraldine M. , Horn Connor M. , Li Xiaobao , Teska Peter J. , Oliver Haley F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The use of disinfectants, such as disinfectant towelettes, play an important role pathogen transmission that can lead to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). However, the efficacy of disinfectant towelette products when tested under realistic use conditions is understudied. A test model was designed to replicate realistic wiping conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of varied contact time on disinfectant towelette efficacy under these conditions.
Methods
Five product types were tested against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442) at five contact times (30 s, one min, two min, three min, and 10 min) on hard, non-porous laminate templates to determine the impact of contact time on disinfectant towelette efficacy when tested under realistic use.
Results
Product type had a significant impact on the efficacy of disinfectant towelettes when tested under conditions reflective of realistic use. The effect of contact time was limited and no differences in efficacy were seen at a contact time of one min compared with the other contact times tested. Only one disinfectant towelette product achieved a 5-log reduction under the tested conditions.
Conclusion
Efficacy of disinfectant towelettes was primarily impacted by product type when applied in a model designed to replicate realistic use in which only a limited effect of contact time was observed. There is a need for further investigation into which factors have the greatest impact on disinfectant towelette efficacy when applied in clinical settings.
Influence of Relative Humidity on Compressive Strength of Low-Calcium Fly Ash Geopolymer During Heat Curing
Authors: Rasuli Mohammad Idris 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Compare to ordinary Portland cement, Geopolymers are more environmentally friendly materials. They have some remarkable advantages such as resistance against fire and acid. Low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymers are heat cured in ovens and incubators where they are exposed to different temperatures and relative humidity (RH). The influence of the temperature on the alkali-activated materials (AAM) and geopolymers are well studied and understood. But there is a lack of enough information regarding the effect of RH during heat curing on the properties of the materials. This research aimed to study the influence of RH on the compressive strength of the geopolymer. Low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer was cured at 45 °C. The effect of around 10% and 94% RH was studied on 7-, 28- and 56- day compressive strength of the materials. It was found that RH has a negative influence on the early age strength of the mortars. More studies are required to find the influence of RH on other properties of the geopolymer.
Fusing LDA Topic Features for BERT-based Text Classification
Authors: Zhang PeiXin , Zhao Hua , Wang FengLing , Zeng QingTian , AMOS SITENDA 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Text classification has been a major hot topic in natural language processing. Despite the significant progress made in this field, some deterrents have persisted, notable among which are features extraction from long and complicated sentences, and from sparse topic features. To address these issues, this paper proposes a method of text classification based on the combination of BERT and LDA classification methods (called BERT+LDA), focusing on effectively integrating the two to present a new fusion method. Our proposed fusion method begins with applying the LDA model on a document to assign topics to each sentence and to iterate over each sentence to derive the probability of each word with respect to the sentence topic. Word2Vec vectors are then generated for each word in a sentence by the Word2Vec model, which are weighted by their corresponding word probabilities to form weighted LDA Word2Vec vectors. Ultimately, the weighted LDA Word2Vec and BERT vectors are fused for classification. Experimental results prove that the weighted LDA Word2Vec vector that is generated creditably expresses sentence semantic, and the fusion method proposed in this paper fully combines the advantages of BERT semantic and topic vectors. It is also worth noting that the proposed method yields better results on short text datasets than traditional fusion methods.
Role of dentists and senior dental students in nutrition counseling: perceptions and practice
Authors: Maybodi Fahimeh Rashidi , Marvasti Zahra Falahati , Najarzadeh Azadeh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground:Inadequate nutrition can affect oral health, including periodontitis and caries. Compromised oral health can also alter food choices and negatively lead to poor nutritional status. Therefore, current and future dentists should not neglect the nutritional issues of patients.This study aimed to assess the perceptions and practice of general dentists and dental students regarding nutrition counseling.Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was used which included four parts of demographic information, 9 questions regarding knowledge, 6 questions regarding attitude, and 10 questions regarding practice with respect to nutrition counseling. The questionnaires were administered among senior students and dentists in Yazd. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square test and t-test (alpha=0.05).Results:98 (71%) dentists and 40 (29%) students participate. The mean knowledge score was 7.12±1.75 in dentists and 6.48±1.2 in students out of 9. The mean knowledge score of dentists was significantly higher than students (P=0.03). Mean practice score of dentists and senior students were 3.26± 2.43 and 3.20± 1.82 out of 10, respectively. No significant difference was found in mean practice score of two groups (P=0.879).Conclusions:The knowledge level of both groups was acceptable but the quality of practice was poor in dentists and students.
Antlion larvae localize long distant preys by a mechanism based on time difference
Authors: Martinez Vanessa , Sillam-Dussès David , Devetak Dusan , Lorent Vincent , Podlesnik Jan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pit building antlions \textit{Euroleon nostras} have been submitted to artificial cues in order to delineate their faculty to localize a prey. Series of propagating pulses in sand have been created from an extended source located at a large distance from the pit. The envelope of each pulse encompasses six oscillations at a carrier frequency of 1,250 Hz and up to eight oscillations at 1,666 Hz (yielding a wavelength of the order of 7 to 10 cm). In one set of experiments, the first wave front is followed by similar wave fronts and the antlions respond to the cue by throwing sand in the opposite direction of the wave front propagation direction. In another set of experiments, the first wave front is randomly spatially structured while the propagation of the wave fronts inside the envelope of the pulse are not. In that case, the antlions respond less to the cue by throwing sand, and when they do, their sand throwing is more randomly distributed in direction. One concludes that the localization of vibration signal by antlions are based on the equivalent for hearing animals of interaural time difference in which the onset has more significance than the interaural phase difference.
‘I feel like I found myself again’ – Rethinking ‘recovery’ in a qualitative exploration of Heroin Assisted Treatment (HAT) service users’ experiences
Authors: Riley Fleur , Harris Magdalena , Ahmed Danny , Moore Helen , Poulter Louise , Towl Graham , Walker Tammi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Heroin Assisted Treatment (HAT) is an enhanced harm reduction programme designed for treatment-refractory opioid dependent individuals. The first HAT service in England was established in 2019, involving twice-daily supervised injections of medical-grade heroin (diamorphine). International research has produced promising evidence for HAT in reducing a range of intravenous drug-related harms and promoting myriad social benefits such as reduced criminal activity, increased social engagement and improved wellbeing. However, strict regulatory controls may constrain service users’ opportunities for social re-integration, inadvertently prioritising abstinence-focused treatment goals and definitions of ‘recovery’. The impact of HAT delivery from service user’s perspectives is not well documented, and this is the first qualitative research conducted within a fully operational HAT service in England.
Methods
We conducted semi-structured interviews with HAT service users in a North-East England drug treatment service (N=12). Data was subjected to thematic analysis, with common themes emerging inductively from the data.
Results
Participants overcame barriers to engagement and retention through self-motivation and commitment, supportive staff relationships and de-stigmatising treatment experiences that increased service users’ self-efficacy and sense of belonging. They reported multiple physical, emotional and social impacts, including minimised street heroin use and criminal behaviour, improved physical health, increased social engagement and emotional wellbeing.
Conclusions
Physical, social and psychological healing interacted throughout the course of HAT to facilitate holistic improvements in quality of life and wellbeing. However, HAT’s intensive treatment schedule was restrictive of patient’s daily activities, which could be mitigated through greater flexibility in treatment regulations. Middlesbrough HAT is an example of innovative drug treatment that offers continuing opportunities for success within a broad definition of recovery, in which abstinence sits on a spectrum alongside diverse forms of social, physical and psychological recovery from drug-related harms.
A Wheel-rotor Hybrid Robot for Wildlife Investigation in a Natural Reserve
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Wang Li , Gao Erhu , Yang Lei , Fu Rong , Liu Huaping , Li Jun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Knowing the population development and distribution patterns of wildlife resources is key to maintaining natural ecological balance and biodiversity in human-impacted ecosystems, which needs regular investigations. However, most investigations are performed artificially in vast natural reserves covering thousands of square kilometers, which is inefficient and inaccurate, especially in dangerous or inaccessible terrains. Here, we propose a wheel-rotor hybrid robot for wildlife investigations as an aid to assist investigators. In combination with wheels and rotors, the robot achieves land and flight amphibious abilities to adapt to complex terrains. The land mode enables the robot to operate for long periods and get close to targets, while the flight mode allows it to cross impassable terrains. The robot is equipped with multiple sensors, improving the investigation’s efficiency. A field test in Helan Mountain of China verifies the robot’s capability, showing excellent performance beyond traditional investigation and representing an advance for prolonged wildlife monitoring.
Design optimization of hilly water distribution network under different operation conditions
Authors: Chu Yangyang , Lv Mou , Su Yanbo , Li Yuan , Lu Chenggang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In order to optimize the water supply system for various operation models, this study uses a hilly water supply project as an example. In order to analyze the water supply network for optimization, this study uses two objective functions: cost and dependability. The designer can then select the best optimization strategy for his needs. The design of a real-world water supply network, a component of a water supply network in a seaside town in China, was done using this methodology. Based on the findings, it is crucial to improve the design of the water supply network under various operating models to get a more reliable design solution at a lower design cost.
Cord Blood Sampling - A Review of Umbilical Cord Blood Use for Admission
Laboratory Tests in the Immediate Newborn Period
Authors: Carroll Patrick D. 
Published: November 2022

Summary:
Historically blood for admission laboratory studies in neonates was obtained through di-rect neonatal phlebotomy. Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in studies evaluating the validity and clinical impact of using a cord blood sample for many admission labora-tory studies. This article reviews various studies that together suggest that using cord blood samples for admission testing in neonates is both acceptable and beneficial.
Heterotopic Triplet Pregnancy after Double Frozen Embryo Transfer
Resulting in Delivery of Healthy Twins at Term: A Case Report
Authors: Al-Rshoud Firas , Darwish Tamara , Kilani Rami , Almahmoud Lina , AL-Sharua Emad Aldeen 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Sonographic visualization of intrauterine pregnancy after multiple embryo transfers does not preclude the coexistence of an ectopic pregnancy, which should be excluded routinely. Heterotopic pregnancy carries high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it needs high index of suspicion to diagnose and manage accordingly.

Case Presentation:
Our case reports a 39-year-old woman who presented with heterotopic triplet pregnancy at 5 weeks and 5 days of gestation. It resulted in a successful delivery of intrauterine monozygotic twins at 37 weeks. This pregnancy is an outcome of ICSI treatment due to low ovarian reserve. Only two embryos were obtained through the protocol and double frozen embryo transfer was done afterwards. Tubal pregnancy was successfully managed expectantly.

Conclusion:
Our case highlights the importance of early surveillance and close monitoring of patients undergoing multiple embryo transfers. Thus, keeping the possibility of heterotopic pregnancy in mind after ART cannot be over-emphasized.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Bloodstream Infections in
Children with Cancer: A Report from a Pediatric Hematology Oncology
Unit
Authors: Bangeas Athanasios , Protonotariou Efthymia , Hatzipantelis Emmanuel , Palabougiouki Maria , Ioannidou Maria , Skoura Lemonia , Galli-Tsinopoulou Assimina , Tragiannidis Athanasios 
Published: November 2022

Background/Aim:
Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children
with haematologic malignancies and solid tumors as well as those undergoing hematopoietic stem
cell transplantation (HSCT). The purpose of our study was to record the epidemiological characteristics
and outcomes of bacteremias, focusing on pathogens, as well as risk factors and mortality
rates in patients of a pediatric hematology-oncology unit from Northern Greece.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted, which included all positive blood
cultures from pediatric hematology oncology patients aged from 1 to 16 years old admitted to the
Pediatric and Adolescent Hematology Oncology Unit of AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki
between January 2014 and December 2018. Data were collected from patients’ printed and
electronic medical records.

Results:
73 episodes of bacteremias were identified (41% male and 32% female with a ratio of
1.28:1; median age 6.5 years; 13.7% solid tumor, 72.6% acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 13.7%
acute myeloid leukemia, and 95.8% with an indwelling permanent catheter). 49.3% of the isolates
were Gram-positive bacteria and 50.7% Gram-negative, and the ratio of Gram-negative to Grampositive
was 1.02. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were most frequent (39.7%), followed by E.
coli (17.8%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.8%). Out of all Gram-negatives, 13.5% carbapenemase
producers and 8.1% ESBL-producers were found. In relation to Gram-positive, 79.3%
were identified as methicillin-resistant CoNS. During the study period, 10.9% of indwelling catheters
were removed, and 2.73% of episodes resulted in ICU transfer. The 3-month mortality rate
was 8.2%.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated an almost equal distribution of Gram-positive and Gramnegative
bacteremias in total in this population but with an increase in the isolation of Grampositive
bacteria over the last years, which is consistent with other similar studies in this patient
group. Knowledge of the local epidemiology and bacterial antimicrobial resistance is important to
prevent and timely treat these life-threatening infections in immunocompromised pediatric oncology
patients.
A Comparative Study on Heavy Metal Removal Capacity of Different Hydrogels through Electrostatic Interactions and Ion-Exchange Mechanisms
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim M. , Radwan Mostafa. A. , Sadek Mohammed. A. , Darwish Sohair A. , Mostafa Nasser Y. 
Published: November 2022

Background
The use of hydrogel materials as adsorbents for heavy metal ions removal has grabbed the attention of several researchers due to its high removal capacity and generatability, thus providing both operational and economic efficiency.

Aim
The design phase of fabricating the hydrogel material is a very critical step. A full knowledge of the effect of different potential functional groups and their interactions together can surely save resources and time.

Objective
This study evaluates the removal capacity of different hydrogels whose functional groups remove via ion-exchange versus electrostatic interactions.

Method
The removal of Poly(2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulphonic Acid) (PAMPS) was compared to that of sodium polyacrylate (NA-PA) hydrogels, which remove metals through electrostatic attraction and ion exchange respectively.

Result
It was found that the removal capacity of PAMPS, which has two anionic functional groups, is almost as good as one salt group available for ion exchange, reaching up to 92% and 87% respectively. A semi-interpenetrating network (IPN) based on both hydrogels showed slightly decreased removal capacity, almost to 80%, which was interpreted due to the loss of some active sites due to the inevitable attraction between PAMPS’s anionic functional groups and Na-PA’s salt group.

Conclusion
The obtained results encourage the use of hydrogel materials with salt groups employing ion-exchange mechanism.