bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Tendinopathy in Athletes: A Review of the Conservative and Rehabilitative Options
Authors: Zarro Michael , Goel Ritu , Bickhart Nicole , May Catherine C. , Abzug Joshua M. 
Published: October 2022

Background: Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendinopathy is characterized by pain along the dorsal and ulnar aspect of the wrist and distal forearm. It is common in athletes who play stick and racquet sports due to repetitive motion and axial-loading through the wrist and forearm. Conservative therapeutic options include rest, the use of anti-inflammatory medications, and various injections. Rehabilitation via occupational or physical therapy includes therapeutic exercise, splinting, activity modification, manual therapy, and modalities. Methods: A narrative review of the literature on ECU tendinopathy is presented, and a case study approach is used to highlight the clinical management of this condition in an elite athlete. Results: An approach of medical management and rehabilitation allowed this patient to successfully return to play. Conclusions: A combination of conservative measures and rehabilitation can be used to treat ECU tendinopathy and permit patients to be symptom-free and return to their desired activities.
Hand Injuries During COVID-19 UK Lockdown: How Did the Pandemic Affect 1-Year Functional Outcomes?
Authors: Morcos Zeid , Barrett-Lee Joe , Hindi Fadi , Mahmoud Moustafa , Gavrila Cristina L. , Roberts Darren C. 
Published: October 2022

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic in March 2020, forcing the United Kingdom into a national lockdown. The aim was to evaluate the effect of this lockdown on hand injuries referred through the trauma and orthopedics virtual fracture clinic (VFC) service and their subsequent management given limited resources. This study also aimed to identify complications and evaluate functional outcomes. Methods: Patients referred through VFC at Queen Alexandra Hospital during April and May 2020 with hand injuries were analyzed. Isolated injuries to the carpus and wrist were excluded. Controls were compared over identical time spans prior to lockdown and after the restrictions were eased. Functional outcomes were measured using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) score, at 12 months after injury. Results: There was a 68% reduction in referrals of hand injuries during lockdown. Lower numbers of sporting injuries were seen, in contrast to an increased rate of falls, crush injuries, and recreational cycling. Despite a higher number of patients being discharged from VFC during lockdown, there were no increased rates of complications from conservatively managed hand fractures. Eighty percent reported low QuickDASH scores with a median of 2.3. Satisfaction was high, with 73% either satisfied or very satisfied with their treatment and outcome. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that there remains a burden of hand trauma during lockdowns, and therefore, service provision for future lockdowns should consider this. Most patients can be managed conservatively, and a high proportion can be discharged from VFC with low complication rates and high satisfaction.
Carbohydrate Intake and Its Association With Dietary Acid Load in U.S. Adults: Results From a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Storz Maximilian A. , Ronco Alvaro L. 
Published: October 2022

Background: The safety profile of low-carbohydrate diets is controversial and poorly understood. We investigated the effects of low-moderate carbohydrate intake on dietary acid load (DAL), an emerging health risk factor and novel clinical marker associated with numerous adverse clinical outcomes. Methods: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys to investigate how low-moderate carbohydrate intake quantitatively affects DAL (as assessed by PRAL and NEAP scores) and to contrast the results to DAL scores in individuals that meet carbohydrate intake recommendations. Results: We analyzed data from 23 825 individuals, of which 4891 consumed a low-moderate carbohydrate diet. Said individuals derived 37.84% of energy from carbohydrates, tended to be male, had a mean BMI of 28.47 kg/m2, and consumed significantly more energy from fat and protein ( P≤.01 for both) than individuals that met carbohydrate recommendations Low-moderate carbohydrate intake was associated with a significantly higher DAL. Mean PRALR, NEAPR, and NEAPF values were 26.12, 71.02, and 68.98 mEq/d, respectively. Multivariate regression revealed the highest DAL scores in individuals on a low-carbohydrate diet, obtaining <26% of energy from carbohydrates. Conclusions: Low-moderate carbohydrate intake is associated with increased DAL scores, which has been repeatedly associated with various health repercussions.
A novel cuproptosis-related lncRNA prognostic risk score model for gastric cancer based on bioinformatics
Authors: Du Xue , Xiao Yu , Chen Chunbao , Yang Lu , Cui Yu , Wu Tingting , Tan Bangxian 
Published: October 2022

Objective To establish an effective cuproptosis-related long non-coding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) (CRL) prognostic risk score (RS) model (CRLPRSM) for the prediction of the outcomes of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Introduction Cuproptosis is an up-to-date mode of cell death, and its action mechanism is different from all other known mechanisms that regulate cell death. LncRNAs are RNA species that are over 200 nt long and do not encode proteins. They have prominent actions in tumor onset and development, and their involvement in a variety of intracellular regulatory processes is vital for cell proliferation and differentiation, so they may serve as prognostic biomarkers in tumor patients. Methods We retrieved cuproptosis-associated clinical and lncRNA expression data of GC cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas Stomach Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-STAD). Then a CRLPRSM was built based on univariate and multivariate Cox regression (UCR and MCR) analyses. As per the RS, the patients fell into high- and low-risk group. Later, the predictive efficacy of the CRLPRSM was confirmed with the aid of Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Next, combining independent prognostic factors in clinical characteristics, we plotted a prognosis-related nomogram to predict one-year, three-year and five-year overall survival (OS) in GC patients. Finally, we implemented Gene Ontology enrichment analysis (GOEA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis (KEGGEA) for clarifying the possible biological actions and molecular mechanisms. Results The constructed CRLPRSM consisted of 3 CRLs, namely, AC092574.1, MAGI2-AS3, AC090204.1. It was found that the hazard ratio (HR) was 1.911 (1.337–2.731) ( p < 0.001) in UCR analysis and 1.852 (1.286–1.668) ( p < 0.001) in MCR analysis, and the AUC of the CRLPRSM was 0.649. Moreover, the KM analysis showed a pronounced intergroup difference in survival, and the nomogram illustrated some clinical benefits of CRLPRSM. Furthermore, GO terms and KEGG pathways were unveiled to be significantly enriched. Conclusion The constructed CRLPRSM has a significant predicted value for GC patient prognosis, and CRLs may become novel hallmarks for clinical treatment of GC.
Development and implementation of a longitudinal clinical database for down syndrome in a large pediatric specialty clinic: Methodology and feasibility
Authors: Baumer Nicole T. , Hojlo Margaret A. , Lombardo Angela M. , Milliken Anna L. , Pawlowski Katherine G. , Sargado Sabrina , Soccorso Cara , Davidson Emily J. , Barbaresi William J. 
Published: October 2022

Down syndrome (DS) is a complex condition associated with multiple medical, developmental, and behavioral concerns. A prospective, longitudinal clinical database was integrated into a specialty Down Syndrome Program, with the goals of better understanding the incidence, course, and impact of co-occurring medical, neurodevelopmental, and mental health conditions in DS. We describe the process of developing the database, including a systematic approach to data collection and database infrastructure, and report on feasibility, challenges, and solutions of initial implementation. Between March 2018 and November 2021, data from 842 patients (ages 4.8 months to 26 years) was collected. Challenges included caregiver form completion as well as time and personnel required for successful implementation. With full integration into clinical visit flow, the database proved to be feasible. The database enables identification of patterns of development and health throughout the lifespan and it facilitates future data sharing and collaborative research to advance care.
Susceptibility-weighted imaging is helpful in diagnosis of cerebral gnathostomiasis
Authors: Hirunpat Pornrujee , Panyaping Theeraphol , Taebunpakul Piyakarn , Charoensri Attawit , Hirunpat Siriporn 
Published: October 2022

Purpose To describe the role of SWI compared with other MR imaging sequences and CT in diagnosis of cerebral gnathostomiasis. Materials and methods CTs and MRIs of patients with cerebral gnathostomiasis were retrospectively reviewed. The types of intracranial hemorrhage, including intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), subdural hemorrhage (SDH), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and their locations were recorded. Results Four patients proven as cerebral gnathostomiasis were included. Intracranial hemorrhage was detected in all patients. There was IPH in all patients, SAH in 2 patients, and SDH in 2 patients. All patients (4/4) revealed hemorrhagic tracts which were very conspicuously seen on SWI. Other imaging sequences could also reveal hemorrhagic tracts in 3 patients (3/4) but are less conspicuously seen than SWI. None of the CT brains could detect hemorrhagic tracts. Conclusions Intracranial hemorrhage associated with hemorrhagic tract, best demonstrated by SWI, is the key imaging characteristic in diagnosis of cerebral gnathostomiasis.
Anxiety, fear extinction, and threat-related amygdala reactivity in children exposed to urban trauma
Authors: France John M. , Reda Mariam , Marusak Hilary A. , Riser Manessa , Wiltshire Charis N. , Davie William M. , Grasser Lana Ruvolo , Wanna Cassandra P. , Stenson Anaïs F. , Ely Timothy D. , Norrholm Seth D. , Stevens Jennifer S. , Jovanovic Tanja 
Published: October 2022

Introduction Childhood trauma is strongly associated with fear-related psychopathology, like anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Atypical fear extinction and neural responses to social threat (i.e., negative emotional faces) may serve as intermediate phenotypes preceding the emergence of fear-related psychopathology during childhood and adolescence. However, few studies have examined associations among these phenotypes in trauma-exposed youth. Methods 29 9-year-old children with high rates of trauma exposure (Mdn = 4, min = 0, max= 14 total events) completed a fear-potentiated startle paradigm assessing fear conditioning and extinction and an emotional faces functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) task assessing neural responses to fearful and neutral faces. Results Overall amygdala response was positively associated with anxiety (peak coordinates: x = −30, y = −6, z = −24; Z = 3.54; pFWEcorrected = 0.011; k = 24 voxels) and fear-potentiated startle during early extinction (peak coordinates x = 28, y = −6, z = −18; Z = 3.50; pFWEcorrected = 0.012; k = 19 voxels). Across the session, amygdala reactivity to fearful faces increased (F(1, 29) = 4.427, p = .044) and was positively associated with fear-potentiated startle during early extinction (r = .56, p = .002). Conclusions We found a positive association between increasing amygdala response to threatening faces and fear load, that is, heightened fear-potentiated startle during early extinction, in trauma-exposed children. These fear-based intermediate phenotypes may share underlying amygdala circuits, such that hyperactivity may represent an early marker of anxiety risk in trauma-exposed youth.
A qualitative exploratory study on the effects of formalin on mortuary attendants
Authors: Akortiakumah John Kwasi , Dartey Anita Fafa , Kuug Anthony Kolsabilik , Lotse Comfort Worna , Gnagmache Gideon K , Raji Abdul Sakibu 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To explore the effects of formalin on mortuary attendants in nine selected hospitals in Ghana. Methods: The study applies a qualitative exploratory descriptive design in the overall collection and analysis of data. Purposive sampling was used to reach the saturation of 19 participants. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and manually analysed using content analysis. Results: Five themes developed from the analysed data, namely, effects of formalin on the eyes, effects of formalin on the respiratory system, effects of formalin on the skin, effects on appetite, and formalin as a cancer-causing agent. Conclusion: This study has unveiled the negative effects of formalin on morgue attendants, which is likely to cause long-time health problems. It is therefore recommended that all mortuaries in Ghana should be assisted with protective equipment, in-service training, and practice of universal safety to help reduce risks associated with chemical hazards, especially formalin. There should be regular surveillance in the mortuaries and workers be screened regularly.
Clinical Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty With the Anterolateral Modified Watson-Jones Approach for Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures
Authors: Takemoto Naoki , Nakamura Takuya , Kagawa Katsura , Maruhashi Yoshinobu , Sasagawa Takeshi , Funaki Kiyonobu , Aikawa Takao , Yamamoto Daiki 
Published: October 2022

Objective In recent years, many studies have reported good results with total hip arthroplasty (THA) for displaced femoral neck fractures (FNFs). However, no study has reported the clinical outcomes of the anterolateral modified Watson–Jones THA (MWJ-THA) for displaced FNFs. This study aimed to investigate the clinical results of THA for displaced FNFs at our hospital and to discuss the advantages of MWJ-THA over THA with other approaches for displaced FNFs. Methods Forty-three patients who underwent MWJ-THA for displaced FNFs were included in this study. Patient characteristics, preinjury walking ability, activities of daily living, implants used, walking ability (at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery), cup placement angle, clinical hip score, surgical complications, revision surgery, and death within 1 year after surgery were investigated. Results The mean age of the 43 patients was 63.3 years, and the mean body mass index (kg/m2) was 21.1. Regarding the heads used, 28-mm heads were used in 4 patients, 32-mm heads were used in 32 patients, and 36-mm heads were used in 7 patients. The cups were placed in the Lewinnek safety zone (93.0%). Four patients had stem sinkage of a few millimeters. 6 months postoperatively, 38 patients walked unaided, and 4 patients walked with a cane. The Harris Hip Score averaged over 90 points at all time points. No postoperative dislocation was observed. Two patients died within 1 year postoperatively. Conclusion In this study, MWJ-THA was performed for displaced FNFs and resulted in no postoperative dislocations. Furthermore, more than 90% of the patients regained their preinjury walking ability at 6 months postoperatively. MWJ-THA has great dislocation control and is effective in treating displaced FNFs.
Long-Term Clinical Course of Patients After Decompression and Posterior Instrumented Fusion Surgery for Thoracic Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: An Average Follow-Up of 18 years
Authors: Takahata Masahiko , Endo Tsutomu , Koike Yoshinao , Abumi Kuniyoshi , Suda Kota , Fujita Ryo , Murakami Toshifumi , Sudo Hideki , Yamada Katsuhisa , Ohnishi Takashi , Ura Katsuro , Ukeba Daisuke , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: October 2022

Study Design Retrospective observational study. Objectives To evaluate the long-term recurrence rates and functional status of patients with thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) after decompression and posterior fusion surgery. Methods Thirty-seven consecutive patients who underwent posterior thoracic spine surgery at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. The long-term neurological and functional outcomes of 25 patients who were followed up for ≥10 years after surgery were assessed. Factors associated with the recurrence of myelopathy were also analyzed. Results The mean preoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association score was 3.7, which improved to 6.5 at postoperative year 2 and declined to 6.0 at a mean follow-up of 18 years. No patient experienced a relapse of myelopathy due to OPLL within the instrumented spinal segments. However, 15 (60%) patients experienced late neurological deterioration, 10 of whom had a relapse of myelopathy due to OPLL or ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) in the region outside the primary operative lesion, while 4 developed myelopathy due to traumatic vertebral fracture of the ankylosed spine. Young age, a high body mass index, and lumbar OPLL are likely associated with late neurological deterioration. Conclusions Decompression and posterior instrumented fusion surgery is a reliable surgical procedure with stable long-term clinical outcomes for thoracic OPLL. However, as OPLL may progress through the spine, attention should be paid to the recurrence of paralysis due to OPLL or OLF in regions other than the primary operative lesion and vertebral fractures of the ankylosed spine after surgery for thoracic OPLL.
Summary Report of the Arthritis Foundation and the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society’s Symposium on Targets for Osteoarthritis Research: Part 1: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Current Imaging Approaches
Authors: Kim Jason S. , Amendola Annunziato , Barg Alexej , Baumhauer Judith , Brodsky James W. , Cushman Daniel M. , Gonzalez Tyler A. , Janisse Dennis , Jurynec Michael J. , Lawrence Marsh J. , Sofka Carolyn M. , Clanton Thomas O. , Anderson Donald D. 
Published: October 2022

This first of a 2-part series of articles recounts the key points presented in a collaborative symposium sponsored jointly by the Arthritis Foundation and the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society with the intent to survey the state of scientific knowledge related to incidence, diagnosis, pathologic mechanisms, and injection treatment options for osteoarthritis (OA) of the foot and ankle. A meeting was held virtually on December 3, 2021. A group of experts were invited to present brief synopses of the current state of knowledge and research in this area. Part 1 overviews areas of epidemiology and pathophysiology, current approaches in imaging, diagnostic and therapeutic injections, and genetics. Opportunities for future research are discussed. The OA scientific community, including funding agencies, academia, industry, and regulatory agencies, must recognize the needs of patients that suffer from arthritis of foot and ankle. The foot and ankle contain a myriad of interrelated joints and tissues that together provide a critical functionality. When this functionality is compromised by OA, significant disability results, yet the foot and ankle are generally understudied by the research community. Level of Evidence: Level V - Review Article/Expert Opinion.
Identifying criteria for effective urban vehicle access regulations adoption
Authors: Ogunkunbi Gabriel Ayobami , Meszaros Ferenc 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Urban Vehicle Access Regulations (UVAR) hold great potential to reduce negative transport externalities driven by increased mobility demand and rapid urbanisation. However, as they are potential measures to the wicked problem of climate change mitigation and achieving overall sustainability, their implementation pathways are often complex due to the multidimensionality of sustainability and other challenges. Although decision support tools like the multi-criteria decision analysis might help simplify these complexities, selecting the appropriate criteria based on the peculiarity of UVAR remains pertinent. This study contributes to the sustainable transport decision support literature to address this challenge by identifying relevant criteria for the UVAR measure planning process using the Delphi survey approach.

Results
It begins with 23 criteria systematically selected from scientific literature and clustered into four dimensions in the first round. This was expanded into 30 criteria and five dimensions in the second survey round based on the participating experts' ratings and rankings. The consensus results showed that most of the identified criteria were considered to be of great potential in UVAR measure planning, with public acceptability, stakeholder engagement, political agenda, and the potential impacts on air pollution and accessibility considered the most important.

Conclusions
Apart from helping urban authorities select feasible and effective UVAR measures, the resulting assessment structure will also help identify the main barriers and drivers for UVAR adoption. The assessment structure will also aid the monitoring and evaluation phases of the measures upon implementation.
Controlling blooms of Planktothrix rubescens by optimized metalimnetic water withdrawal: a modelling study on adaptive reservoir operation
Authors: Mi Chenxi , Hamilton David P. , Frassl Marieke A. , Shatwell Tom , Kong Xiangzhen , Boehrer Bertram , Li Yiping , Donner Jan , Rinke Karsten 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Aggregations of cyanobacteria in lakes and reservoirs are commonly associated with surface blooms, but may also occur in the metalimnion as subsurface or deep chlorophyll maxima. Metalimnetic cyanobacteria blooms are of great concern when potentially toxic species, such as Planktothrix rubescens, are involved. Metalimnetic blooms of P. rubescens have apparently increased in frequency and severity in recent years, so there is a strong need to identify reservoir management options to control it. We hypothesized that P. rubescens blooms in reservoirs can be suppressed using selective withdrawal to maximize its export from the reservoir. We also expect that altering the light climate can affect the dynamics of this species. We tested our hypothesis in Rappbode Reservoir (the largest drinking water reservoir in Germany) by establishing a series of withdrawal and light scenarios based on a calibrated water quality model (CE-QUAL-W2).

Results
The novel withdrawal strategy, in which water is withdrawn from a certain depth below the surface within the metalimnion instead of at a fixed elevation relative to the dam wall, significantly reduced P. rubescens biomass in the reservoir. According to the simulation results, we defined an optimal withdrawal volume to control P. rubescens blooms in the reservoir as approximately 10 million m3 (10% of the reservoir volume) during its bloom phase. The results also illustrated that P. rubescens growth can be most effectively suppressed if the metalimnetic withdrawal is applied in the early stage of its rapid growth, i.e., before the bloom occurs. In addition, our study showed that P. rubescens biomass gradually decreased with increasing light extinction and nearly disappeared when the extinction coefficient exceeded 0.55 m−1.

Conclusions
Our study indicates the rise in P. rubescens biomass can be effectively offset by selective withdrawal as well as by reducing light intensity beneath the water surface. Considering the widespread occurrence of P. rubescens in stratified lakes and reservoirs worldwide, we believe the results will be helpful for scientists and managers working on other water bodies to minimize the negative impacts of this harmful cyanobacteria. Our model may serve as a transferable tool to explore local dynamics in other standing waters.