bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphology, Deformation, and Micromechanical Behavior of Electrospun Nano‐hydroxyapatite Blended Biohybrid Scaffolds
Authors: Malla Komal P. , Henning Sven , Lach Ralf , Jennissen Herbert , Michler Goerg , Beiner Mario , Yadav Ram Jeewan , Adhikari Rameshwar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFor bone tissue engineering, nano‐hydroxyapatite (nano‐HAp) is a widely used bioceramic filler in polymer fibrous scaffolds that changes the morphology and micromechanical behavior of fibers. In this study, different volume fraction percentages of nano‐HAp and vitamin D3 (VD3) are incorporated into electrospun polymer blend fibrous scaffolds comprising polycaprolactone (PCL), poly‐L‐lactic acid (PLLA), and gelatin (GEL). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and uniaxial tensile testing are used to characterize the chemical, morphological, and micromechanical properties of the scaffolds. The FTIR analysis showed the presence of functional groups of fillers and polymers and their molecular interactions in the fibers. In the microscopic analysis, the fillers are found to affect the fiber morphology (including diameter, phase separation, and texture) and the response of the fibers under tensile deformation. The addition of 3% by volume of filler suspension results in maximum diameter of 4.34 µm, and the addition of 6%–12% filler leads to an increase in tensile strength from 0.7 to 5.6 MPa and strain at break from 2% to 37% for the composite fibers compared to neat fibers. The crazing behavior of the fiber is more noticeable at a low filler content (0%), whereas thin‐layer yielding becomes predominant at a higher filler content (12%). Thus, the study shows that scaffold fibers undergo brittle‐to‐ductile transitions as the filler percentage in the polymer blend increases from 0% to 12%. It has been further found that morphogens used as growth factors can be easily released from hydroxyapatite after adsorption.
Methodological Characterization of Rubber–Filler Interactions in Silica‐Filled SBR/BR Systems
Authors: Sökmen Selin , Oßwald Katja , Reincke Katrin , Ilisch Sybill 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSince some decades, styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) and butadiene rubber (BR) polymers have been used to prepare silica‐filled raw mixtures basing on SBR/BR binary blends for green tire technology. Utilization of high filler concentrations and various components in these complex reinforced rubber systems make the analysis of rubber–filler interactions difficult. Developing new characterization methods and carrying out some methodological characterizations are important for the material and property investigations in this field. In this study, direct and indirect characterization methods mostly used for investigations of rubber–filler and filler–filler interactions, their potential relationships to each other and the problems of characterization methods especially imaging techniques at micro and nanoscale, are discussed for silica‐filled SBR and BR systems.
Influence of Media–Thermal Ageing on the Long‐Term Creep Behavior of Polypropylene
Authors: Berthold Anja , Mathew Kuriakose , Lach Ralf , Langer Beate 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlastic components subjected to a constant load, such as pipes or load‐bearing structures in motor vehicles, tend to creep and show increased deformation over time. In special applications for example coolant expansion tanks, increased temperatures and media also affect the long‐term creep behavior. In this study, the influence of media–thermal aging on the long‐term creep behavior is investigated for predicting service life.
Targeting mitochondrial metabolism for metastatic cancer therapy
Authors: Passaniti Antonino , Kim Myoung Sook , Polster Brian M. , Shapiro Paul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPrimary tumors evolve metabolic mechanisms favoring glycolysis for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation and antioxidant defenses. In contrast, metastatic cells frequently depend on mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). This reliance of metastatic cells on OxPhos can be exploited using drugs that target mitochondrial metabolism. Therefore, therapeutic agents that act via diverse mechanisms, including the activation of signaling pathways that promote the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or a reduction in antioxidant defenses may elevate oxidative stress and inhibit tumor cell survival. In this review, we will provide (1) a mechanistic analysis of function‐selective extracellular signal‐regulated kinase‐1/2 (ERK1/2) inhibitors that inhibit cancer cells through enhanced ROS, (2) a review of the role of mitochondrial ATP synthase in redox regulation and drug resistance, (3) a rationale for inhibiting ERK signaling and mitochondrial OxPhos toward the therapeutic goal of reducing tumor metastasis and treatment resistance. Recent reports from our laboratories using metastatic melanoma and breast cancer models have shown the preclinical efficacy of novel and rationally designed therapeutic agents that target ERK1/2 signaling and mitochondrial ATP synthase, which modulate ROS events that may prevent or treat metastatic cancer. These findings and those of others suggest that targeting a tumor's metabolic requirements and vulnerabilities may inhibit metastatic pathways and tumor growth. Approaches that exploit the ability of therapeutic agents to alter oxidative balance in tumor cells may be selective for cancer cells and may ultimately have an impact on clinical efficacy and safety. Elucidating the translational potential of metabolic targeting could lead to the discovery of new approaches for treatment of metastatic cancer.
Mechanisms regulating the initiation of porcine conceptus elongation
Authors: Miles Jeremy R. , Walsh Sophie C. , Rempel Lea A. , Pannier Angela K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSignificant increases in litter size within commercial swine production over the past decades have led to increases in preweaning piglet mortality due to increase within‐litter birthweight variation, typically due to mortality of the smallest littermate piglets. Therefore, identifying mechanisms to reduce variation in placental development and subsequent fetal growth are critical to normalizing birthweight variation and improving piglet survivability in high‐producing commercial pigs. A major contributing factor to induction of within‐litter variation occurs during the peri‐implantation period as the pig blastocyst elongates from spherical to filamentous morphology in a short period of time and rapidly begins superficial implantation. During this period, there is significant within‐litter variation in the timing and extent of elongation among littermates. As a result, delays and deficiencies in conceptus elongation not only contribute directly to early embryonic mortality, but also influence subsequent within‐litter birthweight variation. This study will highlight key aspects of conceptus elongation and provide some recent evidence pertaining to specific mechanisms from ‐omics studies (i.e., metabolomics of the uterine environment and transcriptomics of the conceptus) that may specifically regulate the initiation of conceptus elongation to identify potential factors to reduce within‐litter variation and improve piglet survivability.
Effects of a lifestyle intervention on postpartum weight retention among women with elevated weight
Authors: Liu Jihong , Wilcox Sara , Hutto Brent , Turner‐McGrievy Gabrielle , Wingard Ellen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe effectiveness of a pregnancy and postpartum behavioral lifestyle intervention on postpartum weight retention was examined.MethodsPregnant women with overweight and obesity in South Carolina were recruited into a theory‐based randomized controlled trial (n = 112 intervention, n = 107 standard care), which was designed to reduce gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention.ResultsParticipants (44% African American, 56% White) had a mean prepregnancy BMI of 32.3 kg/m2 and were at 12.6 weeks’ gestation at baseline. From prepregnancy to 6 months post partum, intervention participants retained less weight than standard care women (mean difference: −3.6 kg, 95% CI: −5.5 to −1.8). The intervention effect was maintained at 12 months post partum (mean difference: −2.4 kg, 95% CI: −4.3 to −0.5). Intervention women had 2.3 times higher odds of having no weight retention at 6 months post partum versus standard care women (95% CI: 1.2 to 4.4). Intervention participants also had lower odds of retaining ≥5% of their prepregnancy weight after delivery (adjusted odds ratio: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1 to 0.5 at 6 months; adjusted odds ratio: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.2 to 0.6 at 12 months).ConclusionThis theory‐based lifestyle intervention resulted in significantly less weight retention at 6 and 12 months after delivery among pregnant women with overweight and obesity.
Process parameter–mechanical property relationships and influence mechanism of advanced CFF/PEEK thermoplastic composites
Authors: Hu Jiqiang , Zhang Hanqi , Li Shuai , Ji Chunming , Chen Shuai , Zhou Zhengong , Wang Bing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractProcess parameters, as the core factor to control the forming quality of composites, are crucial for the processing of composites. In this paper, plain‐woven carbon fiber fabric reinforced polyether ether ketone (CFF/PEEK) thermoplastic composites are fabricated by hot‐pressing process. Influence of the critical process parameters, including molding temperature, molding pressure and holding time, on mechanical properties of CFF/PEEK composites are investigated. The tensile, flexural and short‐beam shear properties of CFF/PEEK composites fabricated by different process parameters were tested as evaluation indicators to achieve the optimization of process parameters. Most importantly, to deeply and systematically reveal the influence mechanism of process parameters, the high‐temperature contact angle of CFF‐PEEK and the viscosity‐temperature characteristics of PEEK were observed and analyzed. In addition, the forming quality and microscopic failure modes of CFF/PEEK composites were observed by optical, metallographic and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. This work provides a research idea and technical route for studying the process parameters of fiber reinforced polymer composites and revealing their influence mechanism on mechanical properties.
Rage or rationality: Exposure to Internet censorship and the impact on individual information behaviors in China
Authors: Zhang Langcheng , Tandoc Edson C. , Han Sukhee 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStudies showed that personal experience with censorship can trigger psychological and behavioral resistance in individual users. However, it is still unclear whether this impact goes beyond those who are censored and to those who witness or are made aware of censorship at work. Through a survey of 481 college students in China, this study examined the relationships between censorship exposure, emotions, and information behaviors on sensitive issues online. The result shows that more exposure, though with a modest effect, predicts higher levels of anger and acquisition and production of information on censored topics. Anger itself is also a predictor of higher information acquisition and production, while fear is only negatively related to information production. Implications are made for future research and Internet policy evaluation.
Capturing the geometry, function, and evolution of enzymes with 3D templates
Authors: Riziotis Ioannis G. , Thornton Janet M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStructural templates are 3D signatures representing protein functional sites, such as ligand binding cavities, metal coordination motifs, or catalytic sites. Here we explore methods to generate template libraries and algorithms to query structures for conserved 3D motifs. Applications of templates are discussed, as well as some exemplar cases for examining evolutionary links in enzymes. We also introduce the concept of using more than one template per structure to represent flexible sites, as an approach to better understand catalysis through snapshots captured in enzyme structures. Functional annotation from structure is an important topic that has recently resurfaced due to the new more accurate methods of protein structure prediction. Therefore, we anticipate that template‐based functional site detection will be a powerful tool in the task of characterizing a vast number of new protein models.
Adipose tissue‐derived stem cells as a potential candidate in treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review on preclinical studies
Authors: Madani Neishaboori Arian , Eshraghi Azadeh , Tasouji Asl Arezou , Shariatpanahi Marjan , Yousefifard Mahmoud , Gorji Ali 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn recent years, numerous investigations have evaluated the efficacy of adipose tissue‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) and their exosome transplantation in managing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in different animal models. However, there are still many contradictions among the studies that hinder reaching a reliable conclusion. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the existing evidence regarding the efficacy of ADSCs administration in treatment of AD. The systematic search was conducted in the databases of Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, in addition to the manual search in Google and Google scholar, to find articles published until March 13, 2021. Preclinical studies were included and two independent reviewers summarized the eligible papers. Ten articles were included in our review. The treatment strategies varied between isolated ADSC, ADSCs exosomes, ADSCs conditioned medium, and combination therapy (ADSCs plus conditioned medium in one study, and ADSCs plus melatonin in another study). Overview of the included articles showed promising results of ADSCs and its conditioned medium/exosome administration in animal models of AD. These studies showed significant learning and memory improvements through ADSCs and their conditioned medium/exosome administration in animal models of AD. In addition, the application of ADSCs reduced the amyloid‐beta plaque deposits in the hippocampus and neocortex of these animals. Based on the aforementioned evidence, studies have suggested potential beneficial effects of ADSCs in the treatment of AD, particularly through decreasing the size of Aβ plaques and improvement of cognitive deficits. Further investigations regarding the subject are encouraged to achieve more accurate conclusions.
Vision‐assisted deep stall landing for a fixed‐wing UAV
Authors: Kim Doyoung , Park Sanghyuk 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper reports a guidance and control method for vision‐assisted deep stall landing for a fixed‐wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). With a deep stall maneuver, a fixed‐wing UAV can land on a confined area with a deep flight path angle. This paper combines vision‐assisted guidance for approach and deep stall maneuvers for intuitive fixed‐wing UAV operation. A target landing area is chosen and tracked by a human operator with a computer mouse on the aerial image. Then, a line‐of‐sight vector is created to generate a guidance command. The proposed method is composed of two phases: a vision‐assisted approach (Phase I) and vision‐assisted deep stall landing (Phase II). In Phase I, the UAV is guided toward a mouse‐tracked landing area while maintaining the flight speed and altitude. In Phase II, the deep stall is initiated by a deep stall start algorithm, and the UAV is guided to the mouse‐tracked target landing area. The feasibility of the suggested method is verified by a series of flight tests, where the testbed UAV successfully landed on a 10 m × 10 m target.
Emergence of Elastic Properties in a Minimalist Resilin‐Derived Heptapeptide upon Bromination
Authors: Pizzi Andrea , Sori Lorenzo , Pigliacelli Claudia , Gautieri Alfonso , Andolina Clara , Bergamaschi Greta , Gori Alessandro , Panine Pierre , Grande Antonio Mattia , Linder Markus B. , Baldelli Bombelli Francesca , Soncini Monica , Metrangolo Pierangelo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBromination is herein exploited to promote the emergence of elastic behavior in a short peptide—SDSYGAP—derived from resilin, a rubber‐like protein exerting its role in the jumping and flight systems of insects. Elastic and resilient hydrogels are obtained, which also show self‐healing behavior, thanks to the promoted non‐covalent interactions that limit deformations and contribute to the structural recovery of the peptide‐based hydrogel. In particular, halogen bonds may stabilize the β‐sheet organization working as non‐covalent cross‐links between nearby peptide strands. Importantly, the unmodified peptide (i.e., wild type) does not show such properties. Thus, SDSY(3,5‐Br)GAP is a novel minimalist peptide elastomer.
Engineering Fe and V Coordinated Bimetallic Oxide Nanocatalyst Enables Enhanced Polysulfides Mediation for High Energy Density Li‐S Battery
Authors: Cheng Hao , Zhang Shichao , Li Siyuan , Gao Cheng , Zhao Sihan , Lu Yingying , Wang Miao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLithium sulfur (Li‐S) batteries are expected to become the next‐generation rechargeable energy storage devices owing to their high theoretical energy density, environmental benignity, and economic benefits. However, the undesirable lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) shuttling and sluggish redox kinetics of sulfur electrochemistry severely degenerate the wide‐ranging electrochemical performances, hindering the commercialization process of Li‐S batteries. Herein, a Fe and V coordinated bimetallic oxide FeVO4 (denote FVO) nanocatalyst with three‐dimensional (3D) ordered structure is thoughtfully tailored and cooperated with the commercialized carbon nanotubes (CNT) to modify polypropylene (PP) separator for achieving high efficiencies of restraining the LiPSs shuttling and boosting the redox conversion of sulfur species. The Fe and V coordinated bimetallic oxide demonstrates enhanced anchoring and catalyzing activities toward sulfur species than single metal oxides of Fe and V with homometallic valence states due to the reconfiguration of the 3d‐band. Impressively, the Li‐S pouch cell with the FVO/CNT@PP separator achieves an energy density up to 341 Wh kg−1. The bimetallic oxide nanocatalyst used in this work enlightens a new designing route toward the separator modification for the development of high energy density Li‐S batteries.
Recent advances in fire‐retardant carbon‐based polymeric nanocomposites through fighting free radicals
Authors: Sai Ting , Ran Shiya , Guo Zhenghong , Song Pingan , Fang Zhengping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPolymeric materials are ubiquitously utilized in modern society and continuously improve quality of life. Unfortunately, most of them suffer from intrinsic flammability, significantly limiting their practical applications. Fundamentally, free‐radical reaction is a critical “trigger” for their thermal pyrolysis and following combustion process regardless of the anaerobic thermal pyrolysis in the condensed phase or aerobic combustion of polymers in the gaseous phase. The addition of free radical scavengers represents a promising and effective means to enhance the fire safety of polymeric materials. This review aims to offer a state‐of‐the‐art overview on the creation of fire‐retardant polymeric nanocomposites by adding fire retardants with an ability to trap free radicals. Their specific modes of action (condensed‐phase action, gaseous‐phase action, and dual‐phases action) and performances in some typical polymers are reviewed and discussed in detail. Following this, some key challenges associated with these free‐radical capturers are discussed, and design strategies are also proposed. This review provides some insights into the modes of action of free radical capturing agents and paves the avenue for the design of advanced fire‐retardant polymeric nanocomposites for expanded real‐world applications in industries.
Microalgal–bacterial consortia for efficient wastewater treatment: Optimization using response surface methodology
Authors: Mu Ruimin , Jia Yantian , Qi Feng , Guo Qingyang , Qin Xiaowen , Ma Guixia , Meng Qianya , Yu Gejiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe performance of microalgal–bacterial consortia in wastewater treatment and biomass production needs to be further optimized to meet increasingly stringent effluent standards and operating costs. Besides, due to uncontrollability of ambient conditions, it is generally believed that operating conditions (e.g., aeration) respond to ambient conditions (e.g., illumination). Therefore, response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box–Behnken design was used in this study to analyze the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH3‐N and TP, and algal biomass of the microalgal–bacterial consortia within 48 h. The results showed that under medium illumination intensity (5000 lx), photoperiod (12:12) and aeration rate (0.55 L min −1), the removal efficiency of COD, NH3‐N and TP was the highest, and the maximal biomass growth rates were 95.43%, 95.49%, 89.42% and 99.63%, respectively. However, as the limited critical removal requirements of TP, the effluent standards can only be achieved within the small illumination intensity and photoperiod available range, even under medium aeration conditions, which means that under fixed operating conditions, the effective operation range will be very limited. In addition, based on RSM and differential equation analysis, the further study indicated that the effective treatment range can be greatly expanded within aeration responding, which meets the discharge standard of pollutants in China.Practitioner points

Illumination was responded by aeration for optimizing performance of microalgal–bacterial consortium for wastewater treatment and biomass productivity.
The strategy of optimization was based on response surface methodology.
The maximum effect on wastewater treatment and biomass productivity was based on partial differential equations and quadratic inhomogeneous equations.
Limited to critical TP‐removal requirements, effluent standards can meet only in the small‐usable range of illumination, under medium aeration.
A Solvent‐free energetic coordination polymer [N, N‐(3,4‐dinitropyrazolate)Ag]: synthesis, structure and energetic performance
Authors: Zhang Xiaopeng , Wu Yige , Wang Pengcheng , Lin Qiuhan , Chen Shusen , Jin Shaohua , Xu Yuangang , Lu Ming 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA novel solvent‐free energetic coordination polymer [Ag(3,4‐dnp)] was performed by dehydration. The structure was confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography and the Ag(I) ions are coordinated in bidentate‐bridging mode. The results of thermal analysis (thermogravimetric and accelerating rate calorimeter) show that this compound has higher thermal stability than that of the traditional CHON‐containing energetic materials, RDX, HMX and CL‐20. The detonation velocity and detonation pressure of [Ag(3,4‐dnp)] are 5.532 km s−1, 15.88 GPa, respectively, which is lower than that HMX, RDX and TNT, and comparable with the 2D MOFs [Ag(Mtta)] based on the Ag ions and 5‐methyl tetrazole. The impact and friction sensitivities of this compound are infinitely close to RDX, state‐of‐the‐art explosive. The coordination polymers based on metal ions and nitropyrazole are promising potential as energetic materials.