bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of dietary phytochemical index with metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity phenotype among Iranian women: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Pourreza Sanaz , Mirzababaei Atieh , Naeini Fatemeh , Naghshi Sina , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundPhytochemicals have been recently studied as adjuvants for the treatment of obesity. No study has investigated the association of phytochemical-rich foods with metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity phenotype (MUOW/O). This study aimed to determine the association of dietary phytochemical index (DPI) with MUOW/O based on Karelis criteria among Iranian female adults.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a total of 228 overweight and obese women aged 18–48 years were included. Anthropometric measurements were evaluated for all participants. A validated 147-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used for dietary assessment. DPI was calculated as [dietary energy derived from phytochemical-rich foods (kcal)/total daily energy intake (kcal)] × 100. Participants’ body composition and biochemical parameters of Karelis criteria [triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), insulin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)] were determined.ResultsThe mean age of the study participants was 36.69 ± 9.20, and the mean DPI score was 26.23 ± 9.48 among participants with MUOW/O phenotype. After controlling for potential confounders, women in the highest tertile of DPI had lower odds for MUOW/O phenotype [odds ratio (OR): 0.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.07–0.68, P = 0.008] compared to the lowest tertile. Among the components of Karelis criteria, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was significantly associated with MUOW/O phenotype in the fully adjusted model (OR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.10–0.79, P = 0.01).ConclusionWe found a significant association between DPI and MUOW/O phenotype in Iranian women. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Can a proposed double branch multimodality-contribution-aware TripNet improve the prediction performance of the microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma based on small samples?
Authors: Deng Yuhui , Jia Xibin , Yu Gaoyuan , Hou Jian , Xu Hui , Ren Ahong , Wang Zhenchang , Yang Dawei , Yang Zhenghan 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate the potential improvement of prediction performance of a proposed double branch multimodality-contribution-aware TripNet (MCAT) in microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on a small sample.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 121 HCCs from 103 consecutive patients were included, with 44 MVI positive and 77 MVI negative, respectively. A MCAT model aiming to improve the accuracy of deep neural network and alleviate the negative effect of small sample size was proposed and the improvement of MCAT model was verified among comparisons between MCAT and other used deep neural networks including 2DCNN (two-dimentional convolutional neural network), ResNet (residual neural network) and SENet (squeeze-and-excitation network), respectively.ResultsThrough validation, the AUC value of MCAT is significantly higher than 2DCNN based on CT, MRI, and both imaging (P &lt; 0.001 for all). The AUC value of model with single branch pretraining based on small samples is significantly higher than model with end-to-end training in CT branch and double branch (0.62 vs 0.69, p=0.016, 0.65 vs 0.83, p=0.010, respectively). The AUC value of the double branch MCAT based on both CT and MRI imaging (0.83) was significantly higher than that of the CT branch MCAT (0.69) and MRI branch MCAT (0.73) (P &lt; 0.001, P = 0.03, respectively), which was also significantly higher than common-used ReNet (0.67) and SENet (0.70) model (P &lt; 0.001, P = 0.005, respectively).ConclusionA proposed Double branch MCAT model based on a small sample can improve the effectiveness in comparison to other deep neural networks or single branch MCAT model, providing a potential solution for scenarios such as small-sample deep learning and fusion of multiple imaging modalities.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for borderline resectable and upfront resectable pancreatic cancer increasing overall survival and disease-free survival?
Authors: Fossaert Violette , Mimmo Antonio , Rhaiem Rami , Rached Linda J. , Brasseur Mathilde , Brugel Mathias , Pegoraro Francesca , Sanchez Stephane , Bouché Olivier , Kianmanesh Reza , Piardi Tullio 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common pancreatic neoplasm. Surgery is the factual curative option, but most patients present with advanced disease. In order to increase resectability, results of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on metastatic disease were extrapolated to the neoadjuvant setting by many centers. The aim of our study was to retrospectively evaluate the outcome of patients who underwent upfront surgery (US)-PDAC and borderline (BR)-PDAC, and those resected after NAC to determine prognostic factors that might affect the outcome in these resected patients.MethodsOne hundred fifty-one patients between January 2012 and March 2021 in our department were reviewed. Epidemiological characteristics and pre-operative induction treatment were assessed. Pathological reports were analyzed to evaluate the quality of oncological resection (R0/R1). Post-operative mortality and morbidity and survival data were reviewed.ResultsOne hundred thirteen patients were addressed for US, and 38 were considered BR and referred for surgery after induction chemotherapy. The pancreatic resection R0 was 71.5% and R1 28.5%. pT3 rate was significantly higher in the US than BR (58,4% vs 34,2%, p= 0.005). The mean OS and DFS rates were 29.4 months 15.9 months respectively. There was no difference between OS and DFS of US vs BR patients. N0 patients had significantly longer OS and DFS (p=&lt;0.001). R0 patients had significantly longer OS (p=0.03) and longer DFS (P=0.08). In the multivariate analysis, the presence of postoperative pancreatic fistula, R1 resection, N+ and not access to adjuvant chemotherapy were bad prognostic factors of OS.ConclusionsOur study suggests the benefits of NAC for BR patients in downstaging tumors and rendering them amenable to resection, with same oncological result compared to US.
Trends in metabolic signaling pathways of tumor drug resistance: A scientometric analysis
Authors: Jiang Ruiqi , Cao Mingnan , Mei Shenghui , Guo Shanshan , Zhang Wei , Ji Nan , Zhao Zhigang 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundCancer chemotherapy resistance is one of the most critical obstacles in cancer therapy. Since Warburg O first observed alterations in cancer metabolism in the 1950s, people gradually found tumor metabolism pathways play a fundamental role in regulating the response to chemotherapeutic drugs, and the attempts of targeting tumor energetics have shown promising preclinical outcomes in recent years. This study aimed to summarize the knowledge structure and identify emerging trends and potential hotspots in metabolic signaling pathways of tumor drug resistance research.MethodsPublications related to metabolic signaling pathways of tumor drug resistance published from 1992 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The document type was set to articles or reviews with language restriction to English. Two different scientometric software including Citespace and VOS viewer were used to conduct this scientometric analysis.ResultsA total of 2,537 publications including 1,704 articles and 833 reviews were retrieved in the final analysis. The USA made the most contributions to this field. The leading institution was the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Avan A was the most productive author, and Hanahan D was the key researcher with the most co-citations, but there is no leader in this field yet. Cancers was the most influential academic journal, and Oncology was the most popular research field. Based on keywords occurrence analysis, these selected keywords could be roughly divided into five main topics: cluster 1 (study of cancer cell apoptosis pathway); cluster 2 (study of resistance mechanisms of different cancer types); cluster 3 (study of cancer stem cells); cluster 4 (study of tumor oxidative stress and inflammation signaling pathways); and cluster 5 (study of autophagy). The keywords burst detection identified several keywords as new research hotspots, including “tumor microenvironment,” “invasion,” and “target”.ConclusionTumor metabolic reprogramming of drug resistance research is advancing rapidly. This study serves as a starting point, providing a thorough overview, the development landscape, and future opportunities in this field.
Responding to a call to action for health equity curriculum development in pediatric graduate medical education: Design, implementation and early results of Leaders in Health Equity (LHE)
Authors: Hernandez Raquel G. , Thompson Darcy A. , Cowden John D. 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionRecent calls to action have urged graduate medical education leaders to develop health equity-focused curricula (HEFC) to redouble efforts to promote pediatric HE and address racism. Despite this call, examples of HEFC for pediatric residents are lacking. Such curricula could catalyze educational innovations to address training gaps.ObjectiveTo describe the design, content, and delivery of “Leaders in Health Equity (LHE),” an innovative HEFC delivered to categorical pediatric residents using multi-modal, service-free retreats.MethodsThis single institution, longitudinal curriculum study occurred between 2014 and 2020 and reports multi-level outcomes including: (1) impact on trainee's health equity related knowledge, skills and satisfaction, (2) residency impact and (3) institutional impact. Educational approaches used related to design, content and delivery are summarized and detailed.ResultsTrainees (n = 72) demonstrated significant improvements in pre-post knowledge and skills related to HE content. Residents also reported increased desire for advanced HE content over the course of the 6-year study period. Residency impact on operations and resources were sustainable with the opportunity for integration of LHE content in other curricular and training areas noted. Institutional impact included catalyzing organizational HE initiatives and observing an increase in resident-led quality improvement (QI) projects focused on LHE content.ConclusionsOn-going adaptation and growth of LHE content to educate increasingly prepared pediatric trainees is a critical next step and a best practice for educators in this evolving field. Developing HEFC within pediatric training programs using a longitudinal, leadership-centered approach may be an effective educational strategy in addressing pediatric health disparities.
The novel anti-colitic effect of β-adrenergic receptors via modulation of PS1/BACE-1/Aβ axis and NOTCH signaling in an ulcerative colitis model
Authors: Nasser Salma , Abdallah Dalaal M. , Ahmed Kawkab A. , Abdel-Mottaleb Yousra , El-Abhar Hanan S. 
Published: October 2022

Although dysautonomia was documented in inflammatory bowel disease, with activation of the stress-related sympathetic system, the role of agonists/antagonists of the adrenergic receptors is not conclusive. Moreover, ulcerative colitis was recently linked to dementia, but the potential role of the presenilin 1(PS1)/BACE-1/beta-amyloid (Aβ) axis has not been evaluated. Hence, we investigated the impact of mirabegron (β3-agonist) and/or carvedilol (β1/β2 antagonist) on iodoacetamide-induced ulcerative colitis with emphasis on the novel pathomechanism of the PS1/BACE-1/Aβ axis in ulcerative colitis, and its relation to the inflammatory cascade, fibrotic processes, and the gut barrier dysfunction. Ulcerated rats were either left untreated or treated for 8 days with mirabegron and/or carvedilol. Besides minimizing colon edema and weight loss, and improving colon structure, mirabegron and/or carvedilol abated colonic PS1/BACE-1/Aβ axis and the NOTCH1/NICD/HES1 hub besides the inflammatory cascade GSK3-β/NF-κΒ/TNF-α, and the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde. The anti-fibrotic effect was verified by boosting SMAD-7 and inhibiting TGF-β1, α-SMA immunoexpression, and MTC staining. Moreover, the drugs improved the gut barrier function, attested by the increased goblet cells and expression of E-cadherin, and the inhibited expression of p(Y654)-β-catenin to preserve the E-cadherin/β-catenin adherens junction (AJ). These signaling pathways may be orchestrated by the replenished PPAR-γ, a transcription factor known for its anti-colitic effect.Conclusion: Besides maintaining the gut barrier, mirabegron and/or carvedilol mediated their anti-colitic effect by their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic capacities. The therapeutic effect of these drugs depends partly on suppressing the harmful signaling pathways PS1/BACE-1/Aβ, NOTCH1/NICD/HES1, GSK3-β/NF-κΒ/TNF-α, and TGF-1β/α-SMA while enhancing PPAR-γ, SMAD-7, mucus, and AJ.
Network pharmacology-based and experimental identification of the effects of Renshen Yangrong decoction on myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhao Jiahao , Xu Xing , Yang Xiaolong 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Currently, the drugs used to treat MI have various side effects. Emerging evidence supports the protective effects of Renshen Yangrong Decoction (RSYRD) in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) treatments, with few side effect reports. However, the role of RSYRD in MI remains unclear. In this study, network pharmacological analysis was combined with experiments in vivo and in vitro to validate the effects of RSYRD in the treatment during the early stage of MI.Methods: Firstly, network pharmacology analysis was performed to search for the potential targets and signaling pathways of RSYRD in the early stage of MI. Then, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to identify the core genes of RSYRD that may play a key role in MI. At last, the treatment effectiveness of RSYRD on MI was verified via experiments in vitro and in vivo.Results: RSYRD contained fifty-six bioactive components. Eighty-eight intersections between RSYRD and MI targets and thirteen core genes were screened. KEGG and GO functional enrichment analyses predicted that RSYRD might play a therapeutic role in MI through oxidative stress, apoptosis, and immune-inflammatory signaling pathways. In vivo and in vitro experiment results revealed that significant apoptosis occurred in myocardial tissue in the early stage of MI. Moreover, the levels of reactive oxide species (ROS), TNF-α, and IL-6 increased markedly. After RSYRD administration, they significantly decreased. At the mechanistic level, RSYRD could reduce ROS production to alleviate cell apoptosis.Conclusion: RSYRD could reduce neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes (NMCMs) apoptosis by lowering ROS production induced by hypoxia and improve the cardiac function of mice 3 days post-MI. RSYRD could also reduce the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum of mice.
Pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions: Altered systemic exposure and tissue distribution of ciprofloxacin, a substrate of multiple transporters, after combined treatment with Polygonum capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don extracts
Authors: Li Ziqiang , Du Xi , Tian Shuang , Fan Shanshan , Zuo Xurui , Li Yanfen , Wang Ruihua , Wang Baohe , Huang Yuhong 
Published: October 2022

Background: Combination of Polygonum capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don extract (PCE) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) was commonly prescribed in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Their pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions (HDIs) were focused in this study to assess potential impact on the safety and effectiveness.Methods: A randomized, three-period, crossover trial was designed to study the pharmacokinetic HDI between PCE and CIP in healthy humans. Their pharmacokinetic- and tissue distribution-based HDIs were also evaluated in rats. Gallic acid (GA) and protocatechuic acid (PCA) were chosen as PK-markers of PCE in humans and rats. Potential drug interaction mechanisms were revealed by assessing the effects of PCE on the activity and expression of multiple transporters, including OAT1/3, OCT2, MDR1, and BCRP.Results: Concurrent use of PCE substantially reduced circulating CIP (approximately 40%–50%) in humans and rats, while CIP hardly changed circulating GA and PCA. PCE significantly increased the tissue distribution of CIP in the prostate and testis of rats, but decreased in liver and lungs. Meanwhile, CIP significantly increased the tissue distribution of GA or PCA in the prostate and testis of rats, but decreased in kidney and heart. In the transporter-mediated in vitro HDI, GA and PCA presented inhibitory effects on OAT1/3 and inductive effects on MDR1 and BCRP.Conclusion: Multiple transporter-mediated HDI contributes to effects of PCE on the reduced systemic exposure and altered tissue distribution of CIP. More attention should be paid on the potential for PCE-perpetrated interactions.
Case Report: Severe thrombocytopenia induced by adalimumab in rheumatoid arthritis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Liao Tiantian , Li Mengqing , Yuan Tian , Hong Qifu , Zeng Yu , Yu Dan , Yu Qiong , Yu Limei , Pu Tao 
Published: October 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by persistent joint inflammation. In recent decades, biological agents such as anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) drugs have been applied in the treatment of RA and it achieved great improvement. The treatment has its side effects, but severe thrombocytopenia is very rare. In this case report we described the occurrence of severe thrombocytopenia in a patient with RA who was treated with adalimumab. Specially, the symptoms of the RA are not significantly improved by adalimumab treatment and severe thrombocytopenia it induced is resistant to treatment. After receiving four doses of adalimumab, the patient’s platelet count dropped to 4 × 103/μl. We halted adalimumab and administered glucocorticoids, interleukins, and platelet transfusion. On the sixth day, the platelet count rose to 52 × 103/μl. Lab tests and bone marrow pictures were unremarkable. Patient was treated with prednisone for maintenance. On day 17, the platelet count declined to 12 × 103/μl. We started the patient on methylprednisolone and recombinant human thrombopoietin (rh-TPO), but the effect was not significant. On day 25, intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) was applied in place of the rh-TPO. On 29th day, the patient’s platelets returned to normal. We summarized the existing literature on thrombocytopenia induced by anti-TNF-α drugs. This case suggested immunoglobulins could be considered for the treatment of refractory thrombocytopenia.
Short-term effect of internet-delivered mindfulness-based stress reduction on mental health, self-efficacy, and body image among women with breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chang Yun-Chen , Chiu Chang-Fang , Wang Chih-Kai , Wu Chen-Teng , Liu Liang-Chih , Wu Yao-Chung 
Published: October 2022

Background and aimDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, an Internet-Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (iMBSR) program was delivered and may be better than an in-person approach. Our study evaluated the effects of iMBSR intervention on mental health, self-efficacy, and body image in women with breast cancer in Taiwan.Materials and methodsSixty-seven women with breast cancer were allocated to a 6-week iMBSR (n = 41) program or a waitlist control group (n = 26), without heterogeneity between group characteristics. Patients from both groups were measured at baseline and postintervention using three scales: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), General self-efficacy scale, and Body Image Scale. Descriptive dataset analysis, paired t-test, and Student’s t-test were used to evaluate the data.ResultsAlthough iMBSR did not significantly improve depression and stress between groups, iMBSR could improve anxiety (Δmean: −2.0 vs. −0.4, p = 0.041) with medium effect sizes. Significant benefits were found for body image (Δmean: −3.6 vs. 0.9, p = 0.003) and self-efficacy (Δmean: 4.2 vs. 1.5, p = 0.004), with large effect sizes (Cohen’s d = 0.73).ConclusionOur preliminary study supports iMBSR as a program that can improve mental health, body image, and self-efficacy in women with breast cancer. During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical professionals can use Internet-based clinical health education.
Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among people who experienced traumatic events in Dessie town, Ethiopia, 2022: A community based study
Authors: Anbesaw Tamrat , Zenebe Yosef , Asmamaw Amare , Shegaw Maregu , Birru Nahom 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may develop as a serious long-term consequence of traumatic experiences, even many years after trauma exposure. Dessie town residents have experienced prolonged armed conflict due to inter-communal conflict in 2021. Those people are exposed to different kinds of trauma, and violence, making them more prone to psychological disorders. Despite the highest number of people affected due to conflict and its negative impact on mental health, post-traumatic stress disorders among people are overlooked in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of post-traumatic stress disorder among people who experienced traumatic events in Dessie town, Ethiopia, 2022.Materials and methodsCommunity based cross-sectional study was conducted on June 8–July 7, 2022, by using a multi-stage cluster sampling with a total sample of 785. Pretested, structured questionnaires and face-to-face interviews were used for data collection. PTSD was assessed by the Post-traumatic stress disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Data was entered using Epi-data version 3.1 and, then exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. The association between outcome and independent variables was analyzed with bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression. P-values less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultThe prevalence of PTSD among Dessie town residents was found to be 19.4% (95% CI, 16.7, 22.0). In multivariable analysis, being females (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.10–2.44), previous history of mental illness (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI 1.14–7.06) depressive symptoms (AOR = 3.12, 95% CI 1.92–5.07), witnessing a serious physical injury of a family member or friend (AOR = 2.82, 95% CI 1.18–6.70) and high perceived life threats (AOR = 5.73, 95% CI 3.05–10.78) were found to be significant predictors of PTSD.ConclusionThe prevalence of PTSD among Dessie town residents was found to be huge. Being female, having a previous history of mental illness, depressive symptoms, witnessing a serious physical injury of a family member or friend, and high perceived life threats were variables that are independent predictors of PSTD. People who have experienced such a severe traumatic event require psychosocial support to aid in their recovery from the terrible experiences.