bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between Macroinvertebrates and Physicochemical Parameters in the Barna Basin of the Narmada River
Authors: Bhawsar Abhilasha , Vyas Vipin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The ecological assessment of Barna basin was done using physicochemical parameters and benthic macroinvertebrates collected from 6 streams of Barna basin of Narmada River basin. The methodology was followed from scientific manuals (Adoni et al., 1985; APHA, 1998). Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation matrix were used to analyze the association between the physicochemical parameters and macroinvertebrate distribution. Nutrient levels were generally low however; significant differences existed between the values of physicochemical parameters as well as between the macroinvertebrate diversity at the different sampling sites. The results explained that the distribution and abundance of macroinvertebrates is governed by the physicochemical parameters of water quality of Barna basin hence, macroinvertebrates are good indicator of water quality and can be used for biomonitoring of water bodies which will help in making management and conservation strategies of the water resources.
Protective effects of Chlorogenic Acid on acetaminophen-induced liver injury through regulating PINK1/Parkin pathway promoted mitophagy
Authors: Hu Bang-yan , Li Jin , Gong Dao-yin , Dai Yuan , Wan Li-hong , Xu Shijun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is one of the most abundant dietary polyphenols, possessing well-known hepatoprotective capacity in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity mice, but whether its mechanisms are related to activating mitophagy remains unclear. Methods and results: In this study, a mice model and HepG2 cells model induced by APAP were established, and then 24-hour survival rate, the serum levels of aminotransferases, liver histopathology in vivo and cell viability in vitro were firstly measured. Our results shown that CGA could significantly improve the 24-survival rate of mice and cell viability in vitro, and decrease the activities of serum enzymes including alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and reduced Pathological injury induced by excessive APAP in vivo. Moreover, TUNEL staining and apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bcl-2) showed that CGA inhibited liver cell apoptosis in vivo. Furthermore, our data showed that CGA promoted co-localization of Tom20 and LC3II in mitochondria, and simultaneously up-regulated the expression levels of mitophagy-related genes and proteins (PINK1, parkin, LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ) and down-regulated the expression level of p62 in vivo. Finally, the protective effect of CGA was largely abolished after PINK1 was knock-downed by siPINK1 in HepG2 cells and the expression of mitophagy-related proteins (PINK1, parkin, LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ and p62) was also reversed. Conclusions: our study results suggested that CGA potentially ameliorated APAP-induced acute liver injury through enhancing PINK1/Parkin pathway promoted mitophagy.
Non-degeneracy of multi-bubbling solutions for prescribed scalar curvature problem via local Pohozaev identity
Authors: Wang Qingfang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper deals with the following nonlinear elliptic equation$$-\Delta u=Q(|y'|,y'')u^{\frac{N+2}{N-2}},\,\,u>0,\,\,\text{in}\R^N,\,\,u\inD^{1,2}(\R^{N}),$$where $(y',y'')\in \R^2\times\R^{N-2}$,$Q(|y'|,y'')$ is a bounded non-negative function in$\mathbb{R}^{2}\times \R^{N-2}$. We prove a non-degeneracy result for the positive multi-bubbling solutions constructed in\cite{PWW}.
An Efficient Location Privacy Protection Method for Location-Based Services based on Differential Privacy
Authors: Wang bo , Li Hongtao , Guo Yina , Ren Xiaoyu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Location-based services (LBSS) are widely used with the rapid development of mobile devices and location technology. LBSs not only brings convenience to life, but also brings privacy threats to users. Users upload accurate location information to LBSs to obtain the corresponding services. However, uploading unprocessed location data will directly cause the leakage of users’ privacy information. In this work, an efficient location protection method based on differential privacy is proposed. First of all, the users’ locations information is merged based on the distance and density relationship between multiple groups of continuous locations, and a location clustering (L-cluster) algorithm is proposed to divide the continuous locations into various clusters. Then, differential privacy based location protection algorithm (DPLPA) is proposed to efficiently preserve users’ location privacy, where Laplace noise conforming to the differential privacy mechanism is added to resident points and centroids in the cluster to protect the location privacy. Experimental results show that DPLPA gets high data utility and low time consumption while protecting the privacy of location information.
Patterns and Surgical Outcomes of Primary Brain Tumors Managed at a Tertiary Hospital in Arusha, Tanzania: a Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Magwesela Faraja M. , Msemakweli Doreen , Rabiel Happiness 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The epidemiology of brain tumors varies globally between different countries and there is observed poor outcomes in lower- and middle-income countries. Our aim is to analyze the clinicopathological pattern of intracranial tumors in our setting and their post-surgical outcomes.Methods: This is a retrospective study. Data was obtained from clinical records of patients with intracranial tumors treated at our neurosurgery unit between 2019 and 2020. Only patients with primary brain tumors who underwent surgical intervention were included. Analysis was done to identify factors associated with patient outcomes (mortality/survival and performance status).Results: 39 patients with primary brain tumors underwent surgery (adults 72.8%, males 53.8%, mean age 35.8years). Gliomas (46.2%) comprised the most common tumor diagnosis overall and craniopharyngiomas were the most common tumors in pediatric patients (27.3%). Most patients (83.3%) had a poor performance status before surgery. Gross tumor resection (25.6%) was low and few patients (31.4%) underwent adjuvant therapy. 30-day mortality rate (10.3%) and one year mortality rate (46.2%) were high. Pediatric patients had a much worse outcome (46.2% mortality rate compared to 25% in adults, and 80% with poor performance status) as did males (38.1% mortality rate compared to 27.8% in females). Gliomas accounted for majority (69.2%) of the deaths.Conclusion: Delayed presentation and poor access to adjuvant therapies are important contributors of the high mortality and abandonment of treatment. Inadequate long-term follow-up is a hinderance to optimal neurooncological care in our setting.
Low expression of TNFAIP3 enhances the function of dendritic cells in AMD via MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: He Yue , Zhang Zhiru , Huang Li , Yao Tianyu , Yang Wei , Chen Jie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose TNFAIP3 is an important negative regulator of inflammation and immunity. In this study, we explore the role of TNFAIP3 in wAMD. Method We used real-time quantitative PCR to detect the expression level of TNFAIP3 in PBMCs and DCs of wAMD and normal people. Subsequently, we transfected DCs with adenovirus to silent TNFaip3, and detected the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 secreted by DCs by ELISA. The phosphorylation levels of JNK, p38 and ERK 1/2 were detected by flow cytometry. Result Compared with normal people, the expression level of TNFAIP3 in PBMCs and DCs of wAMD patients was significantly decreased. Silenced TNFAIP3 could increase the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 secreted by DCs, decrease the level of IL-10, and also increase the levels of JNK and p38 phosphorylation. Conclusion This study showed that the expression level of TNFAIP3 was significantly decreased in wAMD patients, and the decrease of TNFAIP3 could lead to the change of inflammatory cytokines secreted by DCs through the MAPK pathway.
Development of a new device for manipulating frozen mouse 2-cell embryos on the International Space Station
Authors: Wakayama Sayaka , Soejima Mariko , Kikuchi Yasuyuki , Hayashi Erika , Ushigome Natsuki , Hasegawa Ayumi , Mochida Keiji , Suzuki Tomomi , Yamazaki Chiaki , Shimazu Toru , Sano Hiromi , Umehara Masumi , Matsunari Hitomi , Ogura Atsuo , Nagashima Hiroshi , Wakayama Teruhiko 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Whether mammalian embryos develop normally under microgravity remains to be determined. However, embryos are too small to be handled by inexperienced astronauts who orbit Earth on the International Space Station (ISS). Here we describe the development of a new device that allows astronauts to thaw and culture frozen mouse 2-cell embryos on the ISS without directly contacting the embryos. First, we developed several new devices using a hollow fiber tube that allows thawing embryo without practice and observations of embryonic development. However, the general vitrification method requires liquid nitrogen, which is not available on the ISS. Therefore, we developed another new device, Embryo Thawing and Culturing unit (ETC) employing a high osmolarity vitrification method, which preserves frozen embryos at −80°C for several months. Embryos flushed out of the ETC during thawing and washing were protected using a mesh sheet. Although embryonic development could not be observed in the ETC, thawed embryos formed blastocysts after 4 days of culture without direct contact. This ETC will enable untrained astronauts to thaw and culture frozen embryos on the ISS, as well as to serve as an important advance in fields such as clinical infertility and animal biotechnology.
Therapeutic options and clinical outcomes of 1261 patients with mantle cell lymphoma in China ： a real-world retrospective multicenter analysis from Chinese Hematologist and Oncologist Innovation Cooperation of the excellent (CHOICE)
Authors: Cai Qingqing , Zeng Dongfeng , Fang Yu , Fei Yue , Liang Rong , Ye Haige , Liang Yun , Sun Xiuhua , Wang Michael , Huang Huiqiang , Qiu Lugui , Gong Tiejun , Zhao Donglu , Che Yuxuan , Wang Jinni , Liu Panpan , Wang Yi , Pan Tao , Lv Yao , Jiang Panruo , Zhang Xuzhao , Deng Jintai , Yi Shuhua , He Yizi , Xiao Ling , Lv Huijuan , Feng Jiangfang , Xie Huan , Qian Jiacheng , Zhang Huilai , Zhou Hui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare and aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma and therapeutic options of MCL are limited. We conducted a real-world, multicenter study enrolled 1261 MCL patients from nine medical centers in China to evaluate patients’ outcomes.Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 1261 adult MCL patients between January 2000 and December 2020 from nine medical centers in China. Patients’ characteristics, treatment and survival outcomes were evaluated. Results:145 patients (11%) received Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi)-containing regimens as frontline therapy. 12% of the younger patients received autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHCT) consolidation. The estimated 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) and 5-year overall survival (OS) rate from the initiation of front-line treatment for the entire cohort was 62.4% and 57.2% respectively. Age≥65 years, high-risk Mantle Cell Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (MIPI), Ki-67>30% and blastoid/pleomorphic histology were associated with shorter PFS or OS. For younger patients, induction therapy with BTKi-containing regimens yield similar efficacy in 3-year PFS and OS as compared to the standard high-dose immunochemotherapy with AHCT (65.5% vs 66.6%, p=0.907 and 84.8% vs 92.3%, p=0.204). For the relapsed or refractory MCL patients in this cohort, the 5-year OS from the initiation of salvage therapy was 36.0%. A total of 23 patients developed hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation after immunochemotherapy, while BTKi treatment was not associated with higher rate of HBV reactivation. Conclusions:In conclusion, for younger Chinese MCL patients, the addition of BTKi in frontline therapy is a safer and more convenient alternative treatment strategy. For MCL patients with resolved hepatitis B, anti-HBV prophylaxis should not be neglected.
Predictors of indoor particulate matter and carbon monoxide concentrations in households of an informal urban settlement in Fort Portal city, Uganda
Authors: Kansiime Winnifred K. , Mugambe Richard K. , Atusingwize Edwinah , Wafula Solomon T. , Nsereko Vincent , Ssekamatte Tonny , Nalugya Aisha , Coker Eric Stephen , Ssempebwa John C. , Isunju John Bosco 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Poor indoor air quality (IAQ) is a leading cause of respiratory and cardiopulmonary illnesses. Particulate matter (PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) are critical indicators of IAQ, yet there is limited evidence of their concentrations in informal urban settlements in low-income countries. Objective: This study assessed household characteristics that predict the concentrations of PM2.5 and CO within households in an informal settlement in Fort Portal City, Uganda.Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 374 households. Concentrations of PM2.5 and CO were measured using a Multi-purpose Laser Particle detector and the Carbon Monoxide IAQ Meter, respectively. Data on household characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Data were analyzed using STATA version 14.0. Linear regression was used to establish the relationship between PM2.5, CO concentrations, and household characteristics.Results: The majority, 88.8% (332/374) of the households, used charcoal for cooking. More than half, 51.9% (194/374), cooked outdoors. Cooking areas had significantly higher PM2.5 and CO concentrations compared to the living area (t=18.14, p ≤ 0.05) and (t=5.77 p ≤ 0.05), respectively. Cooking from outdoors was associated with a 0.112 increase in the PM2.5 concentrations in the cooking area (0.112 [95% CI: -0.069, 1.614; p= 0.033]). Cooking with moderately polluting fuel was associated with a 0.718 increase in CO concentrations (0.718 [95% CI: 0.084, 1.352; p= 0.027]) in the living area.Discussion: The concentration of PM2.5 and CO during the cooking time for both the cooking area and the living area were above the World Health Organization Air Quality Guideline of 25μg/m3 and 7ppm for 24 hours, respectively. Interventions to improve indoor air quality in informal settlements should address changes in cooking fuel types and enhance air quality.
Multi-institutional survey of antiemetic therapy in lung cancer patients treated with carboplatin in Hokushin region
Authors: Ide Takayuki , Nishino Yoshikazu , Takiguchi Tomoya , Kanda Shintaro , Otsuki Kengo , Hayashi Ryuji , Yasumoto Kazuo , Hirono Yasuo , Makino Tomoe , Yano Seiji , Koizumi Tomonobu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: Appropriate monitoring and management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) with prophylactic antiemetics is important for cancer patients. This study was performed to validate the clinical practice of antiemetic use with carboplatin-based chemotherapy in lung cancer patients in the Hokushin region (Toyama, Ishikawa, Fukui, and Nagano prefectures), Japan.Methods: We surveyed retrospective data of newly diagnosed and registered lung cancer patients initially treated with carboplatin-based chemotherapy in 21 principal hospitals in the Hokushin region linked with health insurance claims data between 2016 and 2017.Results: A total of 1082 lung cancer patients (861 [79.6%] men, 221 [20.4%] women; median age 69.4 years [range, 33 – 89 years]). All patients received antiemetic therapy, with 613 (56.7%) and 469 patients (43.3%) receiving 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonist/dexamethasone double regimen and 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonist/dexamethasone/neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist triple regimen, respectively. However, the rates of double regimen and use of palonosetron were higher in Toyama and Fukui prefectures. Thirty-nine patients (3.6%) changed from double to triple regimen, while 41 patients (3.8%) changed from triple to double regimen after the second cycle, but six of these returned to triple antiemetics in subsequent cycles.Conclusion: Adherence to antiemetic guidelines in clinical practice was high in Hokushin region. However, rates of double and triple antiemetic regimens differed between the four prefectures. Simultaneous analysis of nationwide registry and insurance data was valuable for evaluating the status of cancer treatment and management.
Transcranial Focal Stimulation modifies the genetic expression in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus of healthy rats
Authors: Daniel Perez-Perez , Iris Feria-Romero , Walter Besio , Luisa Rocha , Bautista-Orozco L , Orozco-Suarez Sandra. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (TES) has emerged as an alternative therapy for cognitive and neuropsychiatric diseases. Transcranial Focal Stimulation (TFS) is an alternating current stimulation TES technique with a wide therapeutic potential. Nevertheless, the biological mechanisms behind the TFS effects are unknown.Objective: The present study aims to describe the gene expression profile of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus after a short course of TFS.Methodology: Using microarray analysis, the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats receiving TFS for 5 minutes were evaluated. These results were compared to those obtained from sham-stimulated rats. Relevant target genes were selected based on their biological processes, molecular function, and cellular localization. Relevant target genes were further normalized to visualize differential gene expression among experimental groups.Results: The cerebral cortex samples found a clear differential expression profile. A total of differentially expressed genes of 102 in the cerebral cortex and 2 in the hippocampus were found. TFS increased the expression of Nsf (120%, p = 0.0004) and decreased the expression of Sema3b (57.6%, p = 0.0004) in the cerebral cortex. While in the hippocampus, TFS increased the expression of Acsm5 (200%, p = 0.001) and Cml3 (208%, p = 0.001). Conclusion: A short course of TFS modifies the gene expression profile of the brain. The effects were more pronounced in the cerebral cortex rather than in the hippocampus. Further research is needed to validate these findings and to evaluate the long-term effects of TFS.
Osteosarcoma prediagnosed as another tumor. A report from the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group (COSS)
Authors: Hecker-Nolting Stefanie , Baumhoer Daniel , Blattmann Claudia , Kager Leo , Kühne Thomas , Kevric Matthias , Lang Susanna , Mettmann Vanessa , Sorg Benjamin , Werner Matthias , Bielack Stefan S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The course of osteosarcoma patients primarily treated as such has been well described. Little, however, is known about patients who were primarily treated assuming a different tumor diagnosis.Methods: The database of the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group COSS was searched (4.445 primary high-grade central osteosarcomas registered prior to 01/01/21). A different tumor entity had to have been assumed for at least one month after the initial diagnostic procedure before the correct diagnosis of osteosarcoma was finally made. Identified patients were analyzed for demographic, tumor-, and treatment-related factors as well as for survival outcomes.Results: 37 patients were identified. They were a median of 19.7 (2.7 - 60.4) years old at first presentation and were more likely to be females than males (23:14). Bone cysts (n=8), giant cell tumor of bone (n=6), and osteoblastoma (n=6) were the most frequent of 29/37 (78%) benign, chondrosarcoma and its variants (n= 6) the most frequent of 8/37 (22%) malignant original diagnoses. Tumors affected the extremities in 23 (62%), the trunk in 11 (30%), and the craniofacial bones in 3 (8%). Only one patient received systemic treatment while assuming the different diagnosis (1/37, 3%). The median time until the correct diagnosis of osteosarcoma was made was 8 months (range: 1 month – 14.1 years). At that time, 6/37 (16%) presented with metastatic disease. All patients went on to receive chemotherapy, 17/37 (46%) neoadjuvantly. Histologic response was only evaluated in 13/17 (76%) patients and was good (<10% viable tumor) in only 4/13 (31%) patients. In 31/37 (84%) patiens, a surgically complete resection of all macroscopically identified tumor manifestations could be achieved. Five-year overall and event-free survival rates at 5 years were 50.2% (standard error: 8.6%) and 42.6% (8.5%), respectively.Conclusion: Osteosarcoma may initially be misdiagnosed and hence subjected to inappropriate treatment including misguided surgery. Once diagnosed correctly, some of the affected patients may still be cured if finally treated according to modern osteosarcoma standards.
Identification of synergistic strategies for m6A methylation-involved immunotherapy enhancement in lower grade gliomas
Authors: Han Qing , He Huimin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Low grade gliomas (LGGs) are often noted for their unpredictable recurrence and transformation of malignancy to higher grade. Due to the extraordinary immunosuppressive microenvironment, LGGs seem to be refractory to T-cell based immunotherapies. Targeting RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modulated tumor microenvironment (TME) offers opportunities to trigger anti-LGG immunity. In our study, m6Ascore were used for quantifying the m6A modification patterns in LGGs. Potential therapeutic drugs and synergistic immunotherapy approaches which might avoid overtreatment and contribute to the TME remodeling were suggested based on the scoring scheme. We found a link between m6Ascore and TME diversity. Those patients with high m6Ascore and worse outcomes were more likely to experience immunotherapeutic failures. Inhibition of IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling that closely correlated with the drug sensitivities was indicated to facilitate the response of LGGs with high-m6Ascore instead of overall LGGs to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Mechanically, stimulation of CD40 or TNFSF9 might reverse IL-6 inhibition induced insufficient activation of T cells by macrophages. In conclusion, synergistic immunotherapy of anti-IL-6 and ICB may offer insight into the m6A related immunotherapy enhancement for LGG patients.
OCT-A Changes in Patients with Hemoglobinopathy
Authors: ÖZER Ömer 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate retinal vascular changes in patients with sickle cell disease and thalassemia with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).Methods: For this purpose, 98 patients with sickle cell disease, 75 patients with beta-thalassemia and 100 healthy control groups in Mersin University Hospital between January 1, 2020 and November 1, 2021 were included in this study. OCT-A imaging was performed with ZEISS AngioPlex OCT angiography (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, USA).Results: All OCT-A parameters (FAZ area, circularity, perimeter, vessel and perfusion density) were found to be statistically significantly different in both patients with thalassemia and patients with sickle cell disease when compared to healthy controls.Conclusion: In conclusion, retinopathy that may occur in patients in both hemoglobinopathy subgroups can be diagnosed and followed up with OCT-A. It has also been found that OCT-A parameters are affected even before clinically detectable retinopathy develops.