bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The paradox of human rights and three forms for its unfolding
Authors: LUHMANN NIKLAS , BUITENDAG NICO 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this essay, published here for the first time in English, Niklas Luhmann shows how human rights have never been able to justify their existence to society without the use of a paradox. He identifies three general phases (or forms) through which the doctrine of human rights has developed: natural law, the positivization of law, and finally human rights as recognized through their violation and the moral outrage that this elicits. Whenever a grounding of human rights has been found, its persuasiveness could only last for a limited time; with the advent of each new epoch, the paradox has had to be unfolded anew. Our current answer to the paradox – that human rights are justified by the moral outrage that their violations provoke – is the most primitive solution yet, from the standpoint of legal science. Through careful sociological observation of the structural changes that society is undergoing, more satisfactory solutions for the grounding of human rights can be found.
When and why narcissism leads to taking charge? The roles of coworker narcissism and employee comparative identity
Authors: Liu Xin , Mao Jih‐Yu , Zheng Xiaoming , Ni Dan , Harms Peter D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhen and why do narcissists take charge in the workplace? Integrating the narcissism literature and self‐identity theory, we argue that coworker narcissism is a key contingency that triggers narcissistic employees' comparative identity, which subsequently facilitates their taking charge behaviours. The results of two studies (Study 1: a two‐wave survey study of 351 frontline employees and 67 team leaders; Study 2: a scenario‐based experimental study of 190 workers) provide evidence that coworker narcissism moderates the relationship between employee narcissism and employee comparative identity, such that the relationship is strengthened when coworker narcissism is high rather than low. Employee comparative identity is positively related to employee taking charge behaviour. Furthermore, coworker narcissism moderates the indirect effect of employee narcissism on employee taking charge behaviour through employee comparative identity, such that the indirect effect is strengthened when coworker narcissism is high rather than low. These results contribute to the growing literature on the interpersonal dynamics of narcissists in the workplace and the impacts of narcissism on proactive behaviours.
ABI2‐mediated MEOX2/KLF4‐NANOG axis promotes liver cancer stem cell and drives tumour recurrence
Authors: Chen Jiandi , Li Huizi , Zhang Bin , Xiong Zhiyuan , Jin Zhe , Chen Jiaxi , Zheng Yang , Zhu Xiangnan , Zhang Shuixing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTumour recurrence and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma remain challenging. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumour initiation because of their stemness characteristics. CSCs accounting for drug resistance and tumour relapse are promising therapeutic targets. We report that Abelson interactor 2 (ABI2) is a novel therapeutic target of HCC CSCs. First, ABI2 was upregulated in HCC tissues compared with liver tissues and was associated with tumour size, pathological grade, liver cirrhosis, worse prognosis and a high recurrence rate. Functional studies illustrate that ABI2 knockdown suppresses cell growth, migration, invasion and sorafenib resistance in vitro. Furthermore, ABI2 knockdown inhibited HCC sphere formation and decreased the CD24+, CD133+ and CD326+ CSCs populations, suggesting the suppression of HCC stemness characteristics. A tumour xenograft model and limiting dilution assay demonstrated the inhibition of tumorigenicity and tumour initiation. Moreover, molecular mechanism studies showed that ABI2 recruits and directly interacts with the transcription factor MEOX2, which binds to the KLF4 and NANOG promoter regions to activate their transcription. Furthermore, overexpression of MEOX2 restored HCC malignant behaviour and the CSC population. The ABI2‐mediated transcriptional axis MEOX2/KLF4‐NANOG promotes HCC growth, metastasis and sorafenib resistance by maintaining the CSC population, suggesting that ABI2 is a promising CSC target in HCC treatment.
Short‐term Effectiveness of a Modified Osteotomy for Total Elbow Joint Replacement in Patients of Hemophilic Elbow Arthritis with Severe Flexion Contracture Deformity: A Three‐Cases Series Report
Authors: Cai Gaorui , Song Lixia , Chen Guoneng , Yuan Shanyou , Cai Lisheng , Ning Xianjia , Wang Jinghua , Jiang Wenxue 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo report the modified osteotomy and the short‐term effectiveness of the total elbow joint replacement in patients of hemophilic elbow arthritis with severe flexion contracture deformity.MethodsThis study introduced the therapeutic approach of the total elbow joint replacement in patients of hemophilic elbow arthritis with severe flexion contracture deformity, and assessed the short‐term effectiveness in three cases (three elbows) of end‐stage hemophilic elbow arthritis admitted from October 2020 to December 2020. The included patients were all diagnosed with hemophilia A (factor VII deficiency), accompanied by severe bilateral elbow joint flexion contracture, which seriously affects daily life and requires surgical intervention. Clinical data and follow‐up results were analyzed before total elbow arthroplasty and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Pre‐ and postoperative range of motion, pain score, and function score were compared, and intraoperative and postoperative complications are reported.ResultsAll three patients were male, with an average age of 31 years. The main clinical manifestations were bilateral elbow arthritis with flexion contracture. Two of the patients underwent right elbow replacement, and one patient underwent left elbow replacement. All cases were followed up for 6 months postoperatively. No incision infection or ulnar nerve injury occurred. Postoperative triceps brachii muscle strength was slightly weakened compared with preoperative muscle strength. Average elbow flexion and extension range of motion was 60° (30°–100°) preoperatively and increased to 127° (110°–140°) postoperatively; rotational range of motion of the affected forearm was 47° (10°–85°) preoperatively and increased to 117° postoperatively. The mean visual analogue scale (VAS) was 6 (5–8) preoperatively and decreased to 3 (2–4) postoperatively. The mean MEPS score was 62 (55–75) and increased to 87 (80–95) postoperatively. During the follow‐up, anteroposterior and lateral radiographs showed no signs of prosthesis loosening in the elbow.ConclusionsFor severe hemophilic elbow arthritis patients, the short‐term treatment effect of total elbow replacement is good, following the strict adherence to the surgical indications and proper preparation for the perioperative period. The modified osteotomy can fully expose the visual field and reduce complications of ulnar nerve injury. The long‐term effects need to be study future.
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation by Volar Locking Plates and the “Poking Reduction” Technique in Distal Radius Fractures with Displaced Dorsal Ulnar Fragments: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Linyuan , Wang Mengran , Liu Zhiqing , Wang Yueting , Sun Yuehua , Zhu Zhen'an , Wang Xiuhui , Liu Fengxiang , Cui Yin 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and radiological outcomes of distal radius fractures (DRFs) with displaced dorsal ulnar fragments treated with volar locking plate (VLP) and the “poking reduction” technique.MethodsBetween January 2014 and January 2019, 78 unilateral DRFs with displaced dorsal ulnar fragment (AO type C3) treated with VLP were conducted. According to the reduction technique of the dorsal ulnar fragment, the patients were divided into the conventional reduction (CRG) group (33 patients, 14 males and 19 females, mean age 57.2 ± 12.1 years old) and the “poking reduction” (PRG) group (45 patients, 11 males and 34 females, mean age 60.1 ± 12.4 years old). According to the AO classification, there were 21 cases of C3.1 and 12 of C3.2 in the CPG group, 27 cases of C3.1 and 18 of C3.2 in the PRG group. Clinical and radiographic data were extracted from the electronic medical record system. These data were reviewed for clinical outcomes (range of motion, grip strength), radiological outcomes (volar tilt, radial inclination, radial height, step of articular surface), and postoperative complications. The final functional recovery was evaluated by the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) score.ResultsThe mean duration of follow‐up was 27 months (range from 12 to 56). The average operation time and intraoperative blood loss did not significantly differ between groups (p > 0.05). Postoperative CT examination showed that the step of articular surface in CPG group (0.8 ± 0.3 mm) was larger than that in PRG group (0.5 ± 0.2 mm) (p < 0.001). The DASH score did not significantly differ between groups (26.1 ± 4.6 in CRG and 24.7 ± 4.0 in PRG, p > 0.05) at 3 months postoperatively. At 6 months and 12 months postoperatively, the DASH score was better in PRG group (11.8 ± 2.5 and 10.4 ± 2.0) than in CRG group (13.6 ± 2.7 and 12.2 ± 2.5) (p = 0.004, p = 0.001, respectively). At 12 months postoperatively, wrist range of motion did not significantly differ between groups (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in radiological parameters between the two groups (p > 0.05). The incidence of complications was higher in the CRG group (7/33) than in the PRG group (2/45) (p = 0.009).ConclusionThe “poking reduction” technique is a wise option for reduction of dorsal ulnar fragment in DRFs. This innovative technique could restore smoothness of the radiocarpal joint effectively, and the dorsal ulnar fragment could be fixed effectively combined with the volar plate.
A Scoring System for Predicting Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Primary High‐Grade Bone Sarcomas: A Multicenter Study
Authors: He Fangzhou , Xie Lu , Sun Xin , Xu Jie , Li Yuan , Liu Rong , Sun Kunkun , Shen Danhua , Gu Jin , Ji Tao , Guo Wei 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveCurrently, there is a lack of good clinical tools for evaluating the effect of chemotherapy preoperatively on primary high‐grade bone sarcomas. Our goal was to investigate the predictive value of the clinical findings and establish a scoring system to predict chemotherapy response.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study and reviewed 322 patients with primary high‐grade bone sarcomas. Patients who routinely received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and underwent primary tumor resection with an assessment of tumor necrosis rate (TNR) were enrolled in this study. The medical records of patients were collected from November 1, 2011, to March 1, 2018, at Peking University People's Hospital (PKUPH) and Peking University Shougang Hospital (PKUSH). The mean age of the patients was 16.2 years (range 3–52 years), of whom 65.5% were male. The clinical data collected before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy included the degree of pain, laboratory inspection, X‐ray, CT, contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance (MR), and positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT). Several machine learning models, including logistic regression, decision trees, support vector machines, and neural networks, were used to classify the chemotherapy responses. Area under the curve (AUC) of the scoring system to predict chemotherapy response is the primary outcome measure.ResultsFor patients without events, a minimum follow‐up of 24 months was achieved. The median follow‐up time was 43.3 months, and it ranged from 24 to 84 months. The 5 years progression‐free survival (PFS) of the included patients was 54.1%. The 5 years PFS rate was 39.7% for poor responders and 74.9% for good responders. Features such as longest diameter reduction ratio (up to three points), clear bone boundary formation (up to two points), tumor necrosis measured by magnetic resonance (up to two points), maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) decrease (up to three points), and significant alkaline phosphatase decrease (up to 1 point) were identified as significant predictors of good histological response and constituted the scoring system. A score ≥4 predicts a good response to chemotherapy. The scoring system based on the above factors performed well, achieving an AUC of 0.893. For nonmeasurable lesions (classified by the revised Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST 1.1]), the AUC was 0.901.ConclusionWe first devised a well‐performing comprehensive scoring system to predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in primary high‐grade bone sarcomas.
Efficacy of Recombinant Human Parathyroid Hormone versus Vertebral Augmentation Procedure on Patients with Acute Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture
Authors: Gou Pengguo , Zhao Zhihui , Yu Chen , Hou Xuefeng , Gao Gang , Zhang Ting , Chang Feng 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveAlthough widely used in clinical practice, vertebral augmentation procedure (VAP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) is not supported. Recently, the effect of recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1–34) (rhPTH) has been paid great attention for its efficacy in anti‐osteoporosis and bone union. This study aims to explore the outcome of rhPTH on acute OVCF and compare it with VAP to clarify its therapeutic advantages.MethodsThe retrospective study comprised 71 acute OVCF patients from January 2015 to March 2020: 22 received rhPTH treatment (rhPTH group) and 49 underwent VAP (VAP group). The rhPTH group was 15 women and seven men with an average of 76.18 years, and the VAP group were 35 women and 14 men with an average of 73.63 years. The thoracic/lumbar vertebrae were 14/8 in the rhPTH group and 29/20 in the VAP group. The average follow‐up period was 14.05 months in the rhPTH group and 13.82 months in the VAP group. The two groups were assessed regarding the visual analog score (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), OVCF bone union, bone mineral density (BMD), kyphotic angle (KA), anterior and posterior border height (ABH and PBH, respectively), adverse events and the health‐related quality of life assessed by short form‐36 health survey scores (SF‐36). Categorical variables were analyzed by chi‐square test and continuous variables between groups were analyzed by independent samples t‐test or Mann–Whitney U test according to the normality.ResultsDuring the follow‐up, the VAS was significantly lower in the rhPTH group than in the VAP group at month 3 (0.39 ± 0.6 vs 0.68 ± 0.651) (p = 0.047), month 6 (0.45 ± 0.60 vs 2.18 ± 1.22) (p < 0.001), and month 12 (0.45 ± 0.60 vs 2.43 ± 1.49) (p < 0.001). At month 12, the ODI was significantly lower in the rhPTH group (18.59 ± 3.33%) than in the VAP group (28.93 ± 16.71%) (p < 0.001). Bone bridge was detected on sagittal computed tomography images of all fractured vertebrae in the rhPTH group. The BMD was significantly higher in the rhPTH group (87.66 ± 5.91 Hounsfield units [HU]) than in the VAP group (68.15 ± 11.32HU) (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the changes in KA, ABH, and PBH between groups (all p > 0.05). The incidence of new OVCF was significantly lower in the rhPTH group than in the VAP group (p = 0.042). All scores of SF‐36 were significantly higher in the rhPTH group than in the VAP group (all p < 0.05).ConclusionIn acute OVCF patients, rhPTH was better than VAP in increasing spinal BMD to promote OVCF healing, reduce new OVCF, and improve back pain, physical ability, and health‐related quality of life.
Being Fully Excused for Wrongdoing
Authors: Bruno Daniele 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOn the classical understanding, an agent is fully excused for an action if and only if performing this action was a case of faultless wrongdoing. A major motivation for this view is the apparent existence of paradigmatic types of excusing considerations, affecting fault but not wrongness. I show that three such considerations, ignorance, duress and compulsion, can be shown to have direct bearing on the permissibility of actions. The appeal to distinctly identifiable excusing considerations thus does not stand up to closer scrutiny, undermining the classical view and giving us reason to seek alternative ways of drawing the justification/excuse distinction.
Melatonin protects sheep endometrial epithelial cells against lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammation in vitro
Authors: Ge Wenbo , Duan Hongwei , Zeng Jianling , Zhao Xingxu , Li Jianyong , Hu Junjie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMelatonin has known anti‐inflammatory effects. Yet, how melatonin protects sheep endometrial epithelial cells from inflammation remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the melatonin synthetase AANAT and HIOMT and melatonin membrane receptors MT1 and MT2 distribution in sheep uterus. Using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated sheep endometrial epithelial cells as an in vitro inflammation model. The results showed that melatonin attenuated the expression of inflammatory factors in a concentration‐response manner. Melatonin also inhibited the LPS‐stimulated phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and NF‐κB p65. This attenuation was partially blocked by luzindole (a non‐specific MT1 and MT2 inhibitor) or 4P‐PDOT (specific MT2 inhibitor). In addition, the above inhibition of melatonin was abolished by the PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor LY294002. It was concluded that melatonin had an inhibitory effect on LPS‐induced endometrial epithelial cell inflammation in sheep, which was mediated by the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway via melatonin receptors.
Validation of double freezing protocol for Beetal buck (Capra hircus) spermatozoa
Authors: Shah Syed Aftab Hussain , Haider Muhammad Shafiq , Ahmed Hussain , Fayyaz Muhammad Hammad , Andrabi Syed Murtaza Hassan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to validate the double versus single freezing protocol for Beetal buck (Capra hircus) spermatozoa in tris‐citric acid (TCA) based extender both in terms of quality and fertilization potential. Computer‐assisted sperm motion and kinematic (CASA) variables, i.e. total (%), and progressive motilities (TM and PM, %) and rapid velocity (RV, %), average path (VAP, μm/s), straight line (VSL, μm/s) and curved line velocities (VCL, μm/s), straightness, (VSL/VAP, %) and linearity, (VSL/VCL, %) as well as supra‐vital plasma membrane integrity (SV‐PMI, %), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, %), viable/intact acrosome (V–IACR, %) and DNA integrity (DNA–I, %) had significantly greater values (p < .05) during single freeze–thawing as compared with the double freeze–thawing at 0, 30, 90, 150 and 210 days, respectively. All CASA and other assays alone did not show significant differences (p > .05) between both freeze–thaw cycles at all treatment durations, respectively. No statistical significance (p > .05) was observed for the in vivo fertility between single (n = 84/141 = 59.72%) and double freeze–thawing (n = 72/136 = 52.9%) cycles, respectively. In conclusion, sperm motion, kinematics, plasma membrane, acrosome, mitochondria and DNA integrities and in vivo fertility are acceptable after the double freezing protocol despite being lower than after one freeze cycle in Beetal buck.
What graffiti arts and tags tell us about urban identity in Nouméa (New Caledonia)
Authors: Stéphanie Geneix-Rabault 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article aims to describe and analyse graffiti arts and tags in the city of Nouméa, the capital of New Caledonia, a multicultural and multilingual city which is home to people who have moved from many different areas of New Caledonia and other countries of the South Pacific. I aim to understand how the citizens of Nouméa use graffiti and tags to construct their plural identities and identify themselves as Nouméens, as residents of Nouméan suburbs, and as people from other regions, with continued attachment and identification to these areas (tribal villages, islands, countries) of origin. How do they express these multiple senses of belonging? Which visual symbols, words, linguistic codes and norms do they use? How can this literacy help younger generations simultaneously reclaim their urban spaces (‘I'm from here and elsewhere’, ‘I have my place in this city!’) and assert their Oceanic identities?
Modeling Power Constraints Using Maps and Field Data in Optimization Problems for Gas Transportation Systems
Authors: Allen Cody W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGas transmission networks have been and continue to be the most efficient method for transporting natural gas. As hydrogen begins to emerge as one possible solution of renewable energy and starts mixing into gas networks, now more than ever, efficient operation is paramount. Part of the efficient pipeline operation puzzle is knowing how much power is available at a given compressor station, which constrains the head and flow that can be produced. In the literature, the driver is often neglected in implementations of pipeline optimization problems. This paper derives and implements driver constraints relating to gas pipeline optimization problems such as throughput maximization and consumed fuel minimization at the pipeline level. The addition of these constraints ensures that solutions are not only bounded by surge and stonewall curves as well as compressor speed, but also by available power from the driver given current ambient conditions. The modified optimization problem results in more accurate solutions of pipeline optimization problems.
Middle Miocene faulting and basin evolution during central Basin and Range extension: A detailed record from the upper Horse Spring Formation and red sandstone unit, Lake Mead region, Nevada, USA
Authors: Lamb Melissa A. , Hickson Thomas A. , Umhoefer Paul J. , Anderson Zachary W. , Pomerleau Crystal , Souders Katrina , Lee Lindsey , Dunbar Nelia , McIntosh William 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMiocene basins of the Lake Mead region (southwestern United States) contain a well-exposed record of rifting and the evolving paleogeography of the eastern central Basin and Range. The middle Miocene Horse Spring Formation and red sandstone unit allow for detailed stratigraphic, chronostratigraphic, and structural analysis for better understanding the geologic history of extension in this region. We present new data from the White Basin and Lovell Wash areas (Nevada) to interpret the evolution of faulting, basin fill, and paleogeography. We conclude that tectonics strongly influenced sedimentation and hypothesize that climate may have played a secondary but important role in creating stratigraphic variations. Deposited from 14.5 to 13.86 Ma, the microbialitic Bitter Ridge Limestone Member of the Horse Spring Formation, the stratigraphically lowest unit in this study, records a widespread shallow and uniform lake which had moderate and steady sedimentation rates, both of which were controlled by a few faults. The persistent lake was broken up by fault reorganization followed by deposition of the highly variable fluvial-lacustrine facies of the Lovell Wash Member from 13.86 to 12.7 Ma. During this time, faulting shifted from the northeast-trending, oblique normal left-lateral White Basin fault to the northwest-trending, normal Muddy Peak fault and other smaller northwest-trending faults. The lower and middle portions of the red sandstone unit, 12.7–11.4 Ma, record an increase in the sedimentation rate of basin fill near the Muddy Peak fault as well as the return to widespread lacustrine conditions. Sedimentation and faulting slowed during deposition of the uppermost red sandstone unit, but some deformation occurred post–11.4 Ma. This study records basin-fill evolution including variations in depositional environments laterally and vertically, documents changes in the location and magnitude of faulting, supports earlier work that hypothesized faulting proceeded in discrete westward steps across the Lake Mead area, and helps constrain the paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of the region.