bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognoses of patients with melanoma who continue/discontinue anti-programmed death-1 therapy after achieving a complete response in a real-world setting: a multicentre retrospective study
Authors: Kato Junji , Namikawa Kenjiro , Uehara Jiro , Nomura Motoo , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Uhara Hisashi , Uchi Hiroshi , Yoshikawa Shusuke , Kiniwa Yukiko , Nakamura Yoshiyuki , Miyagawa Takuya , Matsushita Shigeto , Takenouchi Tatsuya , Hatta Naohito , Ohno Fumitaka , Maeda Taku , Fukushima Satoshi , Yamazaki Naoya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Does the stork bring home the owl? Dusky Eagle‐Owls Bubo coromandus breeding on Woolly‐necked Stork Ciconia episcopus nests
Authors: Sundar K. S. Gopi , Ahlawat Rakesh , Dalal Devender Singh , Kittur Swati 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe documented nests built by Woolly‐necked Storks, a large waterbird, being preferentially reused by Dusky Eagle‐Owls, a large raptor, with nest sites located close to irrigation canals in Haryana, India. This novel commensal relationship observed in an agricultural landscape underscores the need to expand tropical ecology investigations to outside of protected forested reserves.
NCAPD2 promotes breast cancer progression through E2F1 transcriptional regulation of CDK1
Authors: He Jinsong , Gao Rui , Yang Jianbo , Li Feng , Fu Yang , Cui Junwei , Liu Xiaoling , Huang Kanghua , Guo Qiuyi , Zhou Zihan , Wei Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is a serious threat to women’s health worldwide. Non‐SMC condensin I complex subunit D2 (NCAPD2) is a regulatory subunit of the coagulin I complex, which is mainly involved in chromosome coagulation and separation. The clinical significance, biological behavior, and potential molecular mechanism of NCAPD2 in BC were investigated in this study. We found that NCAPD2 was frequently overexpressed in BC, and it had clinical significance in predicting the prognosis of BC patients. Moreover, loss‐of‐function assays demonstrated that NCAPD2 knockdown restrained the progression of BC by inhibiting proliferation and migration and enhancing apoptosis in vitro. It was further confirmed that the downregulation of NCAPD2 inhibited tumor growth in vivo. NCAPD2 promoted the progression of BC through the extracellular signal–regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) signaling pathway. Additionally, NCAPD2 could transcriptionally activate CDK1 by interacting with E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) in MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Overexpression of CDK1 alleviated the inhibitory effects of NCAPD2 knockdown in BC cells. In summary, the NCAPD2/E2F1/CDK1 axis may play a role in promoting the progression of BC, which may provide a blueprint for molecular therapy.
TBX20 inhibits colorectal cancer tumorigenesis by impairing NHEJ‐mediated DNA repair
Authors: Luo Jie , Chen Jie‐Wei , Zhou Jie , Han Kai , Li Si , Duan Jin‐Ling , Cao Chen‐Hui , Lin Jin‐Long , Xie Dan , Wang Feng‐Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDNA high methylation is one of driving force for colorectal carcinoma (CRC) pathogenesis. Transcription factors (TFs) can determine cell fate and play fundamental roles in multistep process of tumorigenesis. Dysregulation of DNA methylation of TFs should be vital for the progression of CRC. Here, we demonstrated that TBX20, a T‐box TF family protein, was downregulated with hypermethylation of promoter in early‐stage CRC tissues and correlated with a poor prognosis for CRC patients. Moreover, we identified PDZRN3 as the E3 ubiquitin ligase of TBX20 protein, which mediated the ubiquitination and degradation of TBX20. Furthermore, we revealed that TBX20 suppressed cell proliferation and tumor growth through impairing non‐homologous DNA end joining (NHEJ)‐mediated double‐stranded break repair by binding the middle domain of both Ku70 and Ku80 and therefore inhibiting their recruitment on chromatin in CRC cells. Altogether, our results reveal the tumor‐suppressive role of TBX20 by inhibiting NHEJ‐mediated DNA repair in CRC cells, and provide a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with early‐stage CRC and a therapeutic target for combination therapy.
Novel cancer‐specific epidermal growth factor receptor antibody obtained from the serum of esophageal cancer patients with long‐term survival
Authors: Takagi‐Maeda Sayaka , Yajima Satoshi , Suzuki Takashi , Usami Katsuaki , Takahashi Nobuaki , Niwa Rinpei , Shimada Hideaki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough esophageal cancer has a poor prognosis after recurrence, some patients have shown long‐term survival despite recurrence. We hypothesized that induction of either antitumor Abs or antitumor‐specific CTLs could play a role in long‐term survival (5 years or longer) in patients with recurrence and/or distant metastases. Therefore, we aimed to obtain Abs that specifically bind to cancer cells by using serum samples from patients with a good prognosis. A phage library was prepared using PBMC mRNA of the patients, and cell panning was carried out using an esophageal cancer cell line. Results showed the presence of an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) Ab, KT112, that specifically bound to the cancer cell line. Notably, KT112 bound to only EGFR‐positive cancer cells but failed to bind to normal esophageal cells. Furthermore, KT112 was characterized by responses to EGFR expressed on cancer cells but not to the recombinant extracellular domain of EGFR. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that KT112 reacted with 17.4% of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue but not with any other cancer or normal tissue, suggesting that the Ab recognizes cancer‐specific forms of EGFR and might have contributed to tumor suppression in patients with esophageal cancer. Furthermore, because of its high cancer specificity, KT112 could be a promising therapeutic option (e.g., in Ab‐drug conjugates) for esophageal cancer.
Physiological and pathological roles of the Hippo‐YAP/TAZ signaling pathway in liver formation, homeostasis, and tumorigenesis
Authors: Nishina Hiroshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe liver plays central homeostatic roles in metabolism and detoxification, and has a remarkable capacity to fully recover from injuries caused by the various insults to which it is constantly exposed. To fulfill these functions, the liver must maintain a specific size and so must regulate its cell numbers. It must also remove senescent, transformed, and/or injured cells that impair liver function and can lead to diseases such as cirrhosis and liver cancer. Despite their importance, however, the mechanisms governing liver size control and homeostasis have resisted delineation. The discovery of the Hippo intracellular signaling pathway and its downstream effectors, the transcriptional coactivators Yes‐associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ‐binding motif (TAZ), has provided partial elucidation of these mechanisms. The Hippo‐YAP/TAZ pathway is considered to be a cell’s sensor of its immediate microenvironment and the cells that surround it, in that this pathway responds to changes in elements such as the ECM, cell–cell tension, and cell adhesion. Once triggered, Hippo signaling negatively regulates the binding of YAP/TAZ to transcription factors such as TEAD and Smad, controlling their ability to drive gene expression needed for cellular responses such as proliferation, survival, and stemness. Numerous KO mouse strains lacking YAP/TAZ, as well as transgenic mice showing YAP/TAZ hyperactivation, have been generated, and the effects of these mutations on liver development, size, regeneration, homeostasis, and tumorigenesis have been reported. In this review, I summarize the components and regulation of Hippo‐YAP/TAZ signaling, and discuss this pathway in the context of liver physiology and pathology.
Approach to androgen excess in women: Clinical and biochemical insights
Authors: Cussen Leanne , McDonnell Tara , Bennett Gillian , Thompson Christopher J. , Sherlock Mark , O'Reilly Michael W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAndrogen excess in women typically presents clinically with hirsutism, acne or androgenic alopecia. In the vast majority of cases, the underlying aetiology is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common chronic condition that affects up to 10% of all women. Identification of women with non‐PCOS pathology within large cohorts of patients presenting with androgen excess represents a diagnostic challenge for the endocrinologist, and rare pathology including nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia, severe insulin resistance syndromes, Cushing's disease or androgen‐secreting tumours of the ovary or adrenal gland may be missed in the absence of a pragmatic screening approach. Detailed clinical history, physical examination and biochemical phenotyping are critical in risk‐stratifying women who are at the highest risk of non‐PCOS disorders. Red flag features such as rapid onset symptoms, overt virilization, postmenopausal onset or severe biochemical disturbances should prompt investigations for underlying neoplastic pathology, including dynamic testing and imaging where appropriate. This review will outline a proposed diagnostic approach to androgen excess in women, including an introduction to androgen metabolism and provision of a suggested algorithmic strategy to identify non‐PCOS pathology according to clinical and biochemical phenotype.
Highly diversified mitochondrial genomes provide new evidence for interordinal relationships in the Arachnida
Authors: Ban Xin‐Chao , Shao Zi‐Kai , Wu Li‐Jun , Sun Jing‐Tao , Xue Xiao‐Feng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractArachnida is an exceptionally diverse class in the Arthropoda, consisting of 20 orders and playing crucial roles in the terrestrial ecosystems. However, their interordinal relationships have been debated for over a century. Rearranged or highly rearranged mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) were consistently found in this class, but their various extent in different lineages and efficiency for resolving arachnid phylogenies are unclear. Here, we reconstructed phylogenetic trees using mitogenome sequences of 290 arachnid species to decipher interordinal relationships as well as diversification through time. Our results recovered monophyly of ten orders (i.e. Amblypygi, Araneae, Ixodida, Mesostigmata, Opiliones, Pseudoscorpiones, Ricinulei, Sarcoptiformes, Scorpiones and Solifugae), while rejecting monophyly of the Trombidiformes due to the unstable position of the Eriophyoidea. The monophyly of Acari (subclass) was rejected, possibly due to the long‐branch attraction of the Pseudoscorpiones. The monophyly of Arachnida was further rejected because the Xiphosura nested within arachnid orders with unstable positions. Mitogenomes that are highly rearranged in mites but less rearranged or conserved in the remaining lineages point to their exceptional diversification in mite orders; however, shared derived mitochondrial (mt) gene clusters were found within superfamilies rather than interorders, confusing phylogenetic signals in arachnid interordinal relationships. Molecular dating results show that arachnid orders have ancient origins, ranging from the Ordovician to the Carboniferous, yet have significantly diversified since the Cretaceous in orders Araneae, Mesostigmata, Sarcoptiformes, and Trombidiformes. By summarizing previously resolved key positions of some orders, we propose a plausible arachnid tree of life. Our results underline a more precise framework for interordinal phylogeny in the Arachnida and provide new insights into their ancient evolution.
Pneumatosis intestinalis after thoracic organ transplantation in children: A case series and review of the literature
Authors: Atwood Daniel , Nelson Amanda , Rosen Rachel , Esteso Paul , Visner Gary , Midyat Levent 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a rare complication after thoracic organ transplantation. There are several theories for explaining the pathophysiology of this disease. In this paper, we highlight three cases of PI in a single pediatric center, one after lung transplantation and two after heart transplantation. Although the presentations differed, all cases improved with non‐surgical therapies. There are not many articles in the pediatric literature about post‐transplantation PI, and there are still many questions regarding the incidence, etiology, and treatment for this disease.
Immediate PrEP when accessing PEP: A service evaluation
Authors: Cockbain Beatrice , Whitlock Gary ,   the Dean Street Collaborative Group
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesIn January 2021, 56 Dean Street, a London sexual health clinic, changed clinic policy so that all those attending for post‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP) were offered quick‐start opt‐out pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) following completion of the 28‐day PEP course. We assessed the uptake of this quick‐start PrEP in service users attending for PEP.MethodsWe undertook a case note review of those who received PEP during the 2‐week period from 17 February to 1 March 2021, assessing the data and comparing them to those from the same period in 2020 (15 February–28 February 2020) before quick‐start opt‐out PrEP was introduced.ResultsThe number of service users receiving PEP was 82 in 2020 and 42 in 2021, of which an unmet PrEP need was demonstrated in 81.7% (67/82) in 2020 and 78.6% (33/42) in 2021 (p = 0.8106). Of those with an unmet need, a higher proportion (97.0% [32/33]) were offered PrEP in 2021 following the introduction of opt‐out PrEP compared with the 85.1% (57/67) in 2020 (p = 0.0953). Of those eligible for PrEP who were offered it during their PEP consultation, 53.1% (17/32) in 2021 were dispensed PrEP compared with 17.5% (10/57) in 2020 (p = 0.0007).ConclusionSince the introduction of quick‐start opt‐out PrEP, uptake in eligible candidates increased from 17.5% to 53.1%. This suggests that this strategy was acceptable to service users.
Vital pulp treatment for traumatized permanent teeth: A systematic review
Authors: Matoug‐Elwerfelli Manal , ElSheshtawy Ahmed S. , Duggal Monty , Tong Huei Jinn , Nazzal Hani 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTraumatic dental injuries involving the pulp are quite common and there is a need to evaluate the quality of evidence on the success of vital pulp treatment (VPT) interventions in traumatised permanent teeth.ObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review was to assess the success of VPT in the management of traumatised human vital permanent teeth diagnosed with complicated crown or crown‐root fractures.MethodsAn electronic search of the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Clinical Trial Registries and the grey literature was performed until 25th/8/2021. Controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, case‐control studies, case series with at least five cases and a minimum of 12‐months follow‐up were included. Non‐English language literature was excluded. Two independent assessors performed study selection, data extraction and quality assessment using the National Institutes of Health’s quality assessment tool. Disagreements were resolved through consensus/with a third assessor.ResultsA total of 14‐studies (2‐controlled clinical trials, 1‐case‐control, and 11‐case series) published between 1978–2020, with a total of 1081 permanent teeth and an age range between 6–42 years‐old were included. Bias analysis ranged considerably from ‘good’ to ‘poor’. Meta‐analysis was not performed due to data heterogeneity, unclear reporting, and limited number of controlled clinical studies. Partial pulpotomy was the main reported clinical procedure with an overall success rate between 82.9–100%. Complete pulpotomy and direct pulp capping were associated with lower success rates of 79.4–85.7% and 19.5%, respectively. Calcium hydroxide was the main pulp capping material with favourable clinical and radiographic success (79.4–100%). Biodentine®, mineral trioxide aggregate and IRoot® BP were also associated with a high clinical and radiographic success, 80–91%, 80–100%, and 90–100%, respectively, albeit in fewer studies.DiscussionAlthough a high success rate has been reported when using VPT in managing pulpally involved traumatised teeth, the results of this systematic review clearly highlighted a paucity and low quality of the available evidence.ConclusionsOverall high success of VPT in the management of traumatised vital permanent teeth were reported, although based on limited evidence of well‐conducted clinical studies.RegistrationPROSPERO database (CRD42020205213).
Lepromatous leprosy with dermatofibroma features: colonization or morphological variant of histoid leprosy with epidermal induction?
Authors: Outi Pontes Cinthia Maria , Lourenco Pontes Alexandre Lizardo , Ocanha‐Xavier Juliana Polizel , Xavier‐Júnior José Cândido Caldeira 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundLeprosy is one of the main health problems in developing countries. It can show many different clinical presentations.Case reportA 37‐yr‐old woman with multiple reddish‐brown papules on the lower and upper limbs, including the palms. The initial clinical impression was pityriasis lichenoides chronica. Biopsies were taken. The specimen from the left shin showed classical histological features of lepromatous leprosy. The specimen from the left thigh was similar to lipidized dermatofibroma showing epidermal hyperplasia with basal layer hyperpigmentation, a narrow Grenz zone, and spindle xanthomatous cells among dermal fibers. Fite‐Faraco staining revealed many bacilli.DiscussionNo matter the clinical presentation, in the presence of lipidized macrophages, Fite‐Faraco staining (an inexpensive method available worldwide) should be performed to rule out leprosy, even in nonendemic areas or associated with a tumor.
Frames of reference in managing employment from the perspective of economics of conventions
Authors: Brandl Julia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn their contribution to this symposium, John W. Budd, Dionne Pohler, and Wei Huang provided directions for understanding how conflicts and human resource (HR) practices are influenced by framing processes. The current literature on frames in the field of human resources and industrial relations tends to view individual actors as representatives of theories on employment relationship, and it focuses on the formal side of HR practices. These features limit scholars’ scope and ability to address the agency of the actors involved in framing processes, particularly employees. Therefore, this article develops an analytical perspective based on the economics of conventions to help realize the promise of Budd, Pohler, and Huang's work for a deeper understanding of the co‐construction of frames and changes in HR practices in work organizations.
Midwives and Liability: Results of the 2018 National Midwives and Liability Survey
Authors: Page Katie , Aryal Subhash , Guidera Mamie 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionThis is the third national survey about the incidence of midwifery involvement in malpractice litigation, case outcome, methods of coping, and the influence of fear of liability or actual litigation on midwifery practice and professional liability insurance. Incidence of disciplinary action was also included.MethodsA link to a web‐based survey was sent to all American College of Nurse‐Midwives members with an active email address in January 2018. Students and associate members were excluded from analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of involvement in lawsuit.ResultsOf 6199 email links sent, 880 midwives responded (14%). One‐third of participants (n = 280, 32%) have been named in at least one lawsuit after a median of 7 years in practice. Claims most often involved intrapartum hospital‐based care and resulted from fetal heart rate interpretation. The most common outcome of a case was settlement prior to court or arbitration (n = 117, 42%). Significant predictors of litigation included older age of the midwife and region of practice (increased in Northeastern states, decreased in Midwestern states). Midwives’ most common source of emotional support was their attorney. Only 6% (n = 53) of participants experienced disciplinary action against their state license. Half of the actions by a state governing board were unrelated to a lawsuit.DiscussionMidwives may experience litigation the longer they are in practice, but there has not been a significant change in the incidence since the previous survey in 2009. More resources and education are needed for midwives to provide adequate peer support to colleagues following adverse events or when named in a lawsuit. Continued education is also needed for midwives regarding types of professional liability insurance, affordability, and how policy terms and limits influence clinical practice.
Triple steps acne scar revision technique: A new combination therapeutic modality for atrophic acne scars
Authors: Mohammed Ghada F. , Al‐Dhubaibi Mohammed Saleh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAtrophic acne scarring is an unfortunate, permanent complication of acne vulgaris, associated with significant psychological distress.ObjectiveA new complementary treatment of atrophic acne scars using subcision and injection of hybrid cooperative complexes of high and low molecular weight hyaluronan (hybrid H‐HA/L‐HA).MethodsThis study included eighty‐two patients divided into two groups with predominantly atrophic acne scarring. Group 1 received subcision with saline injection, while group 2 received triple steps acne scar revision technique (TSASRT). After topical anesthesia, the procedure of combining subcision and hybrid H‐HA/L‐HA technique was done in which the first step started using subcision technique done to release fibrous cords at the dermal or deep dermal, subcutaneous plane using Nokor needles‐18 g. The second step is to inject the scar's atrophic dermal component with a 29 g needle, applying an average amount of hybrid H‐HA/L‐HA (0.02–0.1 mL) to the dermal component. The third step was to fill the subcisied space with hybrid H‐HA/L‐HA (0.02–0.1 mL) using a 25 g cannula.ResultsClinical improvement was achieved in both groups. There were statistically significant improvements in the TSASRT versus subcision (p ≤ 0.05) in acne scar severity index and qualitative scarring grading system.ConclusionThe triple step acne scar revision technique appears to be a safe and effective way to treat atrophic acne scars on the face.
Understanding opioid use within a Southwestern American Indian Reservation Community: A qualitative study
Authors: Waugh Emma , Ivanich Jerreed , O'Keefe Victoria , Usher Jason , Haroz Emily , Goklish Novalene , Kastler Gloria , Nestadt Paul , Cwik Mary 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeMorbidity and mortality due to nonprescription use of opioids has been well documented following the significant increase in the availability of prescription opioids in the early 2000s. The aim of this paper is to explore community beliefs about correlates of opioid risk, protective factors, and behavioral functions of opioid misuse among American Indian youth and young adults living on or near a reservation.MethodsQualitative in‐depth interviews were conducted with N = 18 youth and young adults who were enrolled in a parent research trial focused on American Indian youth suicide prevention. Participants were eligible if they endorsed the use of opioids themselves or by close friends or family members at any point during their trial participation.FindingsMajor themes discussed include: (1) description of opioid use and those who use opioids; (2) acquisition; (3) initiation; (4) motivation to continue using; (5) consequences; and (6) possibilities for intervention. Family played an important role in the initiation of use, but was also highlighted as an important factor in treatment and recovery. A need for upstream prevention methods, including increased employment and after‐school activities, was described.ConclusionsThe insights gained through this work could help to inform treatment and prevention programs in the community. This work is timely due to the pressing urgency of the opioid epidemic nationally, and community capacity to address opioid use locally.