bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac magnetic resonance for prophylactic implantable-cardioverter defibrillator therapy international study: prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance-derived right ventricular parameters substudy
Authors: Al’Aref Subhi J , Altibi Ahmed M , Malkawi Abdallah , Mansour Munthir , Baskaran Lohendran , Masri Ahmad , Rahmouni Hind , Abete Raffaele , Andreini Daniele , Aquaro Giovanni , Barison Andrea , Bogaert Jan , Camastra Giovanni , Carigi Samuela , Carrabba Nazario , Casavecchia Grazia , Censi Stefano , Cicala Gloria , Conte Edoardo , De Cecco Carlo N , De Lazzari Manuel , Di Giovine Gabriella , Di Roma Mauro , Dobrovie Monica , Focardi Marta , Gaibazzi Nicola , Gismondi Annalaura , Gravina Matteo , Guglielmo Marco , Lanzillo Chiara , Lombardi Massimo , Lorenzoni Valentina , Lozano-Torres Jordi , Margonato Davide , Martini Chiara , Marzo Francesca , Masci Piergiorgio , Masi Ambra , Memeo Riccardo , Moro Claudio , Mushtaq Saima , Nese Alberto , Palumbo Alessandro , Pavon Anne Giulia , Pedrotti Patrizia , Pepi Mauro , Perazzolo Marra Martina , Pica Silvia , Pradella Silvia , Presicci Cristina , Rabbat Mark G , Raineri Claudia , Rodriguez-Palomares Jose’ F , Sbarbati Stefano , Schoepf U Joseph , Squeri Angelo , Sverzellati Nicola , Symons Rolf , Tat Emily , Timpani Mauro , Todiere Giancarlo , Valentini Adele , Varga-Szemes Akos , Volpe Alessandra , Fusini Laura , Guaricci Andrea Igoren , Schwitter Jurg , Pontone Gianluca 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsRight ventricular systolic dysfunction (RVSD) is an important determinant of outcomes in heart failure (HF) cohorts. While the quantitative assessment of RV function is challenging using 2D-echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold standard with its high spatial resolution and precise anatomical definition. We sought to investigate the prognostic value of CMR-derived RV systolic function in a large cohort of HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).Methods and resultsStudy cohort comprised of patients enrolled in the CarDiac MagnEtic Resonance for Primary Prevention Implantable CardioVerter DefibrillAtor ThErapy registry who had HFrEF and had simultaneous baseline CMR and echocardiography (n = 2449). RVSD was defined as RV ejection fraction (RVEF) &lt;45%. Kaplan–Meier curves and cox regression were used to investigate the association between RVSD and all-cause mortality (ACM). Mean age was 59.8 ± 14.0 years, 42.0% were female, and mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 34.0 ± 10.8. Median follow-up was 959 days (interquartile range: 560–1590). RVSD was present in 936 (38.2%) and was an independent predictor of ACM (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.44; 95% CI [1.09–1.91]; P = 0.01). On subgroup analyses, the prognostic value of RVSD was more pronounced in NYHA I/II than in NYHA III/IV, in LVEF &lt;35% than in LVEF ≥35%, and in patients with renal dysfunction when compared to those with normal renal function.ConclusionRV systolic dysfunction is an independent predictor of ACM in HFrEF, with a more pronounced prognostic value in select subgroups, likely reflecting the importance of RVSD in the early stages of HF progression.
Dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes after treatment of crowding with premolar extractions: a 50-year follow-up
Authors: Al-Taai Nameer , Persson Maurits , Ransjö Maria , Levring Jäghagen Eva , Westerlund Anna 
Published: July 2022

Summary

Background
The long-term effects on dentofacial morphology of interceptive treatment with premolar extractions, in the absence of subsequent orthodontic treatment, have not been fully explored.

Objective
The aim was to investigate the effects of premolar extractions (without subsequent orthodontic treatment) on the dentoskeletal and soft tissue profile of patients aged between 12 and 62 years with Class I malocclusion with severe crowding, as compared to untreated controls.

Materials and methods
The Extraction group (N = 30 with Class I crowding malocclusion) had their first premolars removed in early adolescence without subsequent orthodontic treatment. The Control group included 30 untreated subjects with Class I normal occlusion. Cephalograms were taken at 12 (T1), 15 (T2), 30 (T3), and 62 (T4) years of age. A superimposition-based cephalometric method was used to assess the dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes.

Results
There were no significant differences between the Extraction and Control groups in terms of skeletal sagittal relation, incisor inclination, and protrusion, or most of the soft tissue parameters throughout the observation period. However, significant differences were observed between the groups with respect to the vertical relations in T2–T3, such that the Extraction group showed more-pronounced decreases in the ML/NSL, ML/NL, and Gonial angles and more-pronounced increases in facial heights.

Conclusions and implications
Treatment for subjects with Class I malocclusion with severe crowding by the extraction of four premolars, without subsequent orthodontic treatment, does not affect the long-term dentoskeletal and soft tissue profile, as compared to an untreated Control group. The degree of crowding, rather than changes in dentofacial morphology, is crucial in deciding on extraction therapy.
A comparative analysis of genomic and phenomic predictions of growth-related traits in 3-way coffee hybrids
Authors: Mbebi Alain J , Breitler Jean-Christophe , Bordeaux Mélanie , Sulpice Ronan , McHale Marcus , Tong Hao , Toniutti Lucile , Castillo Jonny Alonso , Bertrand Benoît , Nikoloski Zoran 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGenomic prediction has revolutionized crop breeding despite remaining issues of transferability of models to unseen environmental conditions and environments. Usage of endophenotypes rather than genomic markers leads to the possibility of building phenomic prediction models that can account, in part, for this challenge. Here, we compare and contrast genomic prediction and phenomic prediction models for 3 growth-related traits, namely, leaf count, tree height, and trunk diameter, from 2 coffee 3-way hybrid populations exposed to a series of treatment-inducing environmental conditions. The models are based on 7 different statistical methods built with genomic markers and ChlF data used as predictors. This comparative analysis demonstrates that the best-performing phenomic prediction models show higher predictability than the best genomic prediction models for the considered traits and environments in the vast majority of comparisons within 3-way hybrid populations. In addition, we show that phenomic prediction models are transferrable between conditions but to a lower extent between populations and we conclude that chlorophyll a fluorescence data can serve as alternative predictors in statistical models of coffee hybrid performance. Future directions will explore their combination with other endophenotypes to further improve the prediction of growth-related traits for crops.
mtDNA content in cumulus cells does not predict development to blastocyst or implantation
Authors: Martínez-Moro Álvaro , Lamas-Toranzo Ismael , González-Brusi Leopoldo , Pérez-Gómez Alba , Padilla-Ruiz Ester , García-Blanco Javier , Bermejo-Álvarez Pablo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

STUDY QUESTION
Is relative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content in cumulus cells (CCs) related to embryo developmental competence in humans and/or the bovine model?

SUMMARY ANSWER
mtDNA content in CCs provides a poor predictive value of oocyte developmental potential, both in vitro and following embryo transfer.

WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
CCs are closely connected to the oocyte through transzonal projections, serving essential metabolic functions during folliculogenesis. These oocyte-supporting cells are removed and discarded prior to ICSI, thereby providing interesting biological material on which to perform molecular analyses designed to identify markers that predict oocyte developmental competence. Previous studies have positively associated oocyte mtDNA content with developmental potential in animal models and women. However, it remains debatable whether mtDNA content in CCs could be used as a proxy to infer oocyte developmental potential

STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
mtDNA content was analyzed in CCs obtained from 109 human oocytes unable to develop to blastocyst, able to develop to blastocyst but failing to establish pregnancy or able to develop to blastocyst and to establish pregnancy. mtDNA analysis was also performed on bovine cumulus samples collected from 120 oocytes unable to cleave, oocytes developing into cleaved embryos but arresting development prior to the blastocyst stage or oocytes developing to blastocysts.

PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Human CCs samples were obtained from women undergoing IVF. Only unfrozen oocytes and embryos not submitted to preimplantation genetic testing were included in the analysis. Bovine samples were obtained from slaughtered cattle and individually matured, fertilized and cultured in vitro. Relative mtDNA was assessed by quantitative PCR analysis.

MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
mtDNA content in human and bovine CCs did not differ according to the developmental potential of their enclosed oocyte. Moreover, mtDNA content in bovine oocytes did not correlate with that of their corresponding CCs.

LARGE SCALE DATA
N/A.

LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
The lack of correlation found between mtDNA content in human CCs and oocytes was also assessed in bovine samples. Although bovine folliculogenesis, mono-ovulatory ovulation and early embryo development exhibit considerable similarities with that of humans, they may not be fully comparable.

WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
The use of molecular markers for oocyte developmental potential in CCs could be used to enhance success rates following single embryo transfer. However, our data indicate that mtDNA in CCs is not a good proxy for oocyte quality.

STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)
This research was supported by the Industrial Doctorate Project IND2017/BIO-7748 funded by the Madrid Region Government. The authors declare no competing interests.
Divergent Effects of Ocean Warming on Byssal Attachment in Two Congener Mussel Species
Authors: Newcomb L A , Cannistra A F , Carrington E 
Published: July 2022

Synopsis
Organisms rely on the integrity of the structural materials they produce to maintain a broad range of processes, such as acquiring food, resisting predators, or withstanding extreme environmental forces. The production and maintenance of these biomaterials, which are often modulated by environmental conditions, can therefore have important consequences for fitness in changing climates. One well-known example of such a biomaterial is mussel byssus, an array of collagen-like fibers (byssal threads) that tethers a bivalve mollusk securely to benthic marine substrates. Byssus strength directly influences mortality from dislodgement, predation, or competition and depends on the quantity and quality of byssal threads produced. We compared the temperature sensitivity of byssal attachment strength of two mussel species common to the west coast of North America, Mytilus trossulus and M. galloprovincialis, when exposed to seawater temperatures ranging from 10 to 24°C in the laboratory. We found that the two species attached equally strong in seawater ≤18°C, but higher temperatures caused byssal thread production rate and quality (break force and extensibility) to be greatly reduced in M. trossulus and increased in M. galloprovincialis, leading to a 2–10-fold difference in overall byssus strength between the two species. Using this threshold value (18°C), we mapped habitat for each species along the west coast of North America based on annual patterns in sea surface temperature. Estimated ranges are consistent with the current distribution of the two species and suggest a potential mechanism by which ocean warming could facilitate the northern expansion of M. galloprovincialis and displacement of native M. trossulus populations.
Neuroimmune crosstalk in the gut and liver
Authors: Teratani Toshiaki , Mikami Yohei , Kanai Takanori 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
It has long been assumed that the nervous system exerts distinct effects on immune functions, given the large number of immune disorders that are affected by mental stress. In fact, many different immune cells have been shown to possess a wide variety of neurotransmitter receptors and receive signals from various neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine and noradrenaline. Compared with the findings on local neuroimmune interactions, limited experimental techniques have so far failed to capture a comprehensive overview of neuroimmune interactions between distant organs and the autonomic nervous system in vivo, and the molecular mechanisms underlying local immune regulation of the nervous system have long remained unclear. However, the recent rapid progress in genetic recombination, microscopy and single-cell analysis has deepened our understanding of the anatomical and physiological functions of peripheral nerves at each organ to which they belong. Furthermore, the development of optogenetic and chemogenetic methods has enabled the artificial modulation of specific neuronal activities, and there has been remarkable progress in elucidation of the interaction between nerves and immune cells in vivo, particularly in barrier organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and skin. This review focuses on the immunoregulatory mechanisms governed by the autonomic nervous system and outlines the latest findings in the regulation of enteric and hepatic immunity by the nervous system.
On the Analytic Characteristics of Commercial Acetaminophen Assays in the United States
Authors: Ali Khameinei , Chiang William , Wang Josh Jiaxing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
The management of patients with acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity is largely informed by the blood concentration. We sought to assess the analytical characteristics of past and current commercial APAP assays in the United States.

Methods
We systematically reviewed the analytical characteristics of APAP assays cleared by the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) 510(k) premarket notification process by searching the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) database. We collected the following data where available: test principle, precision near 10 mg/L, precision near 150 mg/L, limits of detection, and limits of quantitation.

Results
For all assays, absolute analytical precision decreased as analyte concentration increased. Near [APAP] = 10 mg/L, the most precise assays had a standard deviation (SD) of 0.2 mg/L or coefficient of variation (CV) of 1% and the least precise assays had a SD of 1.8 mg/L or a CV of 10%. Near [APAP] = 150 mg/L, the most precise assay had a SD of 1.4 mg/L or CV of 0.9% and the least precise assays had a SD of 7.4 mg/L or a CV of 4.9%.

Conclusions
Commercially available APAP assays had good analytical precision with improvement over time. The failure of some manufacturers to validate precision near treatment thresholds is concerning. Newer APAP assays can measure a wider range of [APAP], which likely improves the risk stratification of overdose patients but also carries a risk of overdiagnosis when minuscule quantities are detected.
Low-Cost Live Insect Scouting Drone: iDrone Bee
Authors: Ryu Jae Hyeon , Clements Justin , Neufeld Jerry 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, e.g., drones) are a common tool for many civil applications, including precision agriculture, transportation, delivery services, rescue missions, law enforcement, and more. Remote sensing technologies used in conjunction with drones are a dominant application in precision agriculture. Multispectral instrumentation attached to UAVs allows the user to observe multiple parameters, including the normalized difference vegetation index which can represent crop stresses induced by various factors (e.g., drought, insect outbreak, nutrient loss, and other diseases). However, little research has been done to apply drones to accomplish a mission-oriented actionable task in agriculture, such as insect sampling. We propose a low-cost, open source-based live insect scouting drone named ‘iDrone Bee’ to benefit the integrated pest management (IPM) community by minimizing time and efforts of human interventions while collecting live insects in agricultural fields. Herein we present instruction and operation procedures to build and operate an iDrone Bee for insect scouting in an agricultural ecosystem and validate the system in an alfalfa seed field. The findings of this investigation demonstrate that a drone-based insect scouting method may be a valuable tool to benefit the IPM community.
Assessing Urban Forest Threats across the Conterminous United States
Authors: Nowak David J , Greenfield Eric J , Ellis Alexis 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Numerous threats to urban forests are assessed for the conterminous United States, including projected changes in urban tree cover, air temperatures, precipitation, aridity, sea level rise, wildfires, and flooding, as well as threats from hurricanes, tornadoes, ice storms, and insects and diseases. All potential threats were integrated into a cumulative threat index to illustrate which areas of the United States will likely face the greatest overall threat to their urban forests. Urban forests with the greatest cumulative threat per unit area are in the eastern United States, particularly in some coastal counties. Urban forests that have the greatest cumulative threat proportional to the percent of the county that is urbanized are in the highly urbanized areas along the DC–Boston corridor and in other metro areas (e.g., Atlanta, Georgia; Indianapolis, Indiana; Columbus, Ohio; Houston, Texas; Charlotte, North Carolina). By understanding local urban forest threats, management plans and policies can be enacted to help mitigate the impacts of and adapt to future threats to sustain healthy urban forests and associated benefits.
Study Implications: By understanding the magnitude and variation in potential urban forest threats, forest managers can be better prepared to potentially minimize and adapt to future urban forest damage. Threat type and intensities of threats vary by location. Understanding the distribution and intensity of urban forest threats can be used to help direct policies and forest management plans to sustain long-term urban forest health. A tool to assess urban forest threats by county is available in the supplemental materials.
A Mercantile Theory of Expert Knowledge Utilization in Patrimonialist Bureaucracies: Evidence from the Health Sector in Peru
Authors: Salazar-Morales Diego Alonso 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article formulates a theory of expert knowledge utilization in patrimonialist administrative traditions characterized by politicians’ predominance over bureaucrats. The argument is that in these weak institutional contexts acquiring “expert knowledge” enables politicians to control key bureaucratic functions that facilitates rent extraction to fund their campaigns, and in doing so, they eventually and circumstantially produce some positive welfare outcomes. My findings show that tenured politicians employ expert knowledge to expand their control over previously unknown administrative regulations, temporarily building capacities that enables them to (re)direct budgets to policy areas that report electoral gains, and sometimes incurring in collusion. In contrast, newcomer politicians often fail to take advantage of expert knowledge transferred given their inexperience in office hence producing less welfare outputs. This article sources evidence from a knowledge transfer program designed by the Peruvian central government to enlighten local politicians in the country’s fight against children stunting. Evidence combining a time-varying semiexperimental analysis (Panel DID) and in-depth interviews with regional and local politicians, as well as high level civil servants, largely confirm my theoretical claims.
Tumor size before image-guided brachytherapy is an important factor of local control after radiotherapy for cervical squamous cell carcinoma: analysis in cases using central shielding
Authors: Yoshio Kotaro , Ihara Hiroki , Okamoto Kazuhiro , Suzuki Etsuji , Ogata Takeshi , Sugiyama Soichi , Nakamura Keiichiro , Nagao Shoji , Masuyama Hisashi , Hiraki Takao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We analyzed the local control (LC) of cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated by computed tomography (CT)-based image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT) using central shielding (CS). We also examined the value of tumor diameter before brachytherapy (BT) as a factor of LC. In total, 97 patients were analyzed between April 2016 and March 2020. Whole-pelvic (WP) radiotherapy (RT) with CS was performed, and the total pelvic sidewall dose was 50 or 50.4 Gy; IGBT was delivered in 3–4 fractions. The total dose was calculated as the biologically equivalent dose in 2 Gy fractions, and distribution was modified manually by graphical optimization. The median follow-up period was 31.8 months (6.3–63.2 months). The 1- and 2-year LC rates were 89% and 87%, respectively. The hazard ratio was 10.11 (95% confidence interval: 1.48–68.99) for local recurrence in those with a horizontal tumor diameter ≥ 4 cm compared to those with &lt; 4 cm before BT. In CT-based IGBT for squamous cell carcinoma, favorable LC can be obtained in patients with a tumor diameter &lt; 4 cm before BT. However, if the tumor diameter is ≥ 4 cm, different treatment strategies such as employing interstitial-BT for dose escalation may be necessary.
Managing rare fractures – a case report of an isolated avulsion fracture of the peroneus longus tendon
Authors: Nand Raghav , Khan Muhammad Murtaza , Sunderamoorthy Dakshinamurthy 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Avulsion fractures of the peroneus longus tendon are seldom seen and potentially can go undiagnosed during an emergency visit. If not managed appropriately, it can lead to chronic pain and suffering. This case report presents a 55-year-old postman who was seen in the clinic complaining of persistent pain over the instep of his right foot with no history of trauma. His pain was localized to the first metatarsophalangeal joint with some radiation to the heel. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an isolated avulsion fracture of the first metatarsal, which was initially missed on X-ray. In this case, the patient was successfully treated with a mixture of steroid and local anesthetic injections. Following our intervention, the Manchester Oxford Foot Questionnaire was reduced from 33 to 0. The goal of this article is to raise awareness of this rare finding for doctors who may face this in accident and emergency (A&E), Orthopedic clinics or at a general practice (GP) practice.