bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of ephrinB2‐EphB4 signalling in bone remodelling during orthodontic tooth movement
Authors: Jiang Yukun , Tao Guiyu , Guan Yuzhe , Chen Sirui , He Yuying , Li Tiancheng , Zou Shujuan , Li Yuyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of ephrinB2‐EphB4 signalling in alveolar bone remodelling on the tension side during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).Materials and MethodsAn OTM model was established on sixty 8‐week‐old male Wistar rats. They were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The animals in the experimental group were administrated with subcutaneous injection of EphB4 inhibitor NVP‐BHG712 every other day, whereas the control group received only the vehicle. Samples containing the maxillary first molar and the surrounding bone were collected after 0, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days of tooth movement.ResultsEphrinB2‐EphB4 signalling was actively expressed on the tension side during tooth movement. Micro‐CT analysis showed the distance of tooth movement in the experimental group was significantly greater than that of the control group (P < .05) with significantly increased trabecular separation (Tb. Sp) and decreased trabecular number (Tb. N) from day 14 to day 21. The number of osteoclasts significantly increased in the experimental group compared with the control group after 3 and 7 days of tooth movement (P < .05). The expressions of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteopontin (OPN) were significantly reduced by inhibition of EphB4 (P < .05).ConclusionThe inhibition of EphB4 suppressed bone formation and enhanced bone resorption activities on the tension side of tooth movement. The ephrinB2‐EphB4 signalling might play an important role in alveolar bone remodelling during OTM.
Modeling the dynamics of oil and agricultural commodity price nexus in linear and nonlinear frameworks: A case of emerging economy
Authors: Khan Waseem , Sharma Vishal , Ansari Saghir Ahmad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper aims at modeling the dynamics of oil and agricultural commodity price nexus in linear and nonlinear frameworks in the Indian context. Monthly prices of agricultural commodities from 1982:M04 to 2021:M05 for 37 agricultural commodities under 12 clusters have been considered in the study. For the symmetric and asymmetric impacts of oil prices on agricultural commodity prices, advanced econometric approaches, autoregressive distributed lag and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag, have been applied, respectively. The results reveal that in the case of aggregate analysis, oil prices have an asymmetric impact on 10 clusters of agricultural commodities in the long run, while disaggregate analysis suggests that oil prices have a long‐run positive elasticity with 29 of 37 agricultural commodity prices. Further, the asymmetric causality approach indicates that positive and negative shocks in oil prices Granger cause the prices of 34 agricultural commodities in the short run. The study has significant implications for policymakers, individual and institutional investors, wholesale producers, and primary producers (farmers).
Resilience and post‐traumatic growth in the transition to motherhood during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A qualitative exploratory study
Authors: Thomson Gill , Cook Julie , Nowland Rebecca , Donnellan Warren James , Topalidou Anastasia , Jackson Leanne , Fallon Vicky 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMost perinatal research relating to COVID‐19 focuses on its negative impact on maternal and parental mental health. Currently, there are limited data on how to optimise positive health during the pandemic. We aimed to bridge this knowledge gap by exploring how women have adapted to becoming a new parent during the pandemic and to identify elements of resilience and growth within their narratives. Mothers of infants under the age of 4 months were recruited as part of a wider UK mixed‐methods study. Semi‐structured interviews with 20 mothers elicited data about how COVID‐19 had influenced their transition to parent a new infant, and if and how they adapted during the pandemic, what strategies they used, and if and how these had been effective. Directed qualitative content analysis was undertaken, and pre‐existing theoretical frameworks of resilience and post‐traumatic growth (PTG) were used to analyse and interpret the data set. The findings show evidence of a range of resilience and PTG concepts experienced during the pandemic in this cohort. Salient resilience themes included personal (active coping, reflective functioning, and meaning‐making), relational (social support, partner relationships, and family relationships), and contextual (health and social connectedness) factors. There was also evidence of PTG in terms of the potential for new work‐related and leisure opportunities, and women developing wider and more meaningful connections with others. Although further research is needed, and with individuals from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, these findings emphasise the significance of social support and connectivity as vital to positive mental health. Opportunities to increase digital innovations to connect and support new parents should be maximised to buffer the negative impacts of further social distancing and crisis situations.
Row Allocation Negotiation for a Fleet of Strawberry Harvesting Robots
Authors: Mapes Madeline , Xu Yunjun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cooperative small harvesting robots, mimicking a group of human pickers, have the potential to significantly reduce labor dependence in strawberry production. A tri-layered algorithm is investigated to effectively assign rows to robots with each robot incentivized to maximize its total number of picked strawberries within the fleet’s harvesting time. The proposed algorithm consists of a decentralized local auction and negotiation strategy as the primary phase with a centralized fallback algorithm that guarantees an assignment. The salient features of the algorithm are reduced communication time, scalability, constant time complexity in the decentralized phase, and ease of implementation. The proposed algorithm is evaluated in a Monte Carlo simulation and the superior performance (e.g., significantly reduced computational time) is observed when compared with a centralized approach. It is expected that this row negotiation algorithm can address an important gap in strawberry harvesting via cooperative, small harvesting robots.
Analytical Study on the Pullout Resistance of Suction Caisson in Clay
Authors: Zhuang Daokun , Guo Wei , Ren Yuxiao , Wang Jixuan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The pullout resistance is a design consideration for suction caisson-supported offshore structures, such as offshore platforms and wind turbines. An analytical method is proposed in this paper to calculate the pullout resistance of a single caisson foundation embedded in clay. Comparisons with laboratory model tests were also made to verify the accuracy of the proposed analytical method. Parametric studies were conducted to investigate the effects of key factors on the pullout resistance of caisson. This study found the pullout force nonlinearly increases with the increase of caisson diameter squared but linearly increases with the increase of caisson–soil frictions. For caisson wall thickness over height ratio ranging from 0.00125 to 0.00325 and caisson diameter over height ratio ranging from 0.25 to 0.75, the normal stress decreases nonlinearly along with the depth of the caisson skirt wall and is heavily influenced by the skirt wall thickness but slightly influenced by caisson diameter.
New Tools to Generate Realistic Ice Floe Fields for Computational Models
Authors: Huang Luofeng , Igrec Bojan , Thomas Giles 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Global warming has extensively transformed Arctic sea ice from continuous level-ice coverage to unconsolidated ice floe fields. Whilst the ice floes have a mixture of different sizes and their locations are randomly distributed, contemporary computational models lack effective methods to generate floe fields with such a natural pattern. This work introduces two original tools that can generate realistic ice floe fields for computational models. They are a sequential generator that sequentially handles ice floes one by one, and a genetic generator based upon a genetic algorithm. Demonstration of the tools is given, presenting samples of generating various shapes of floes and arbitrary mixtures of different shapes. Furthermore, an example is provided that combines the generated floe field with computational work modeling a ship transiting in ice floes. In addition, the source code of the tools is sharable to the public.
Impact of an Earth-Air Heat Exchanger Combined With Nighttime Ventilation on Indoor Thermal Comfort of a Residential Building in Hot Semi-Arid Climate
Authors: Mahach Hassan , Lafqir Fatima-Ezzahra , Benhamou Brahim , Bennouna Amin , Schmidt Christoph , Groß Bodo , Altgeld Horst 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This work aims at investigating the impact of an Earth-Air Heat eXchanger (EAHX) on the thermal comfort when it is added to a natural nighttime ventilation for a house located in Marrakech (Morocco), which is characterized by a hot semi-arid climate. The thermal behavior of the house associated with this cooling combination was assessed using dynamic simulations. Two transient models are used, the well-validated Type 460 model of trnsys software (Transient System Simulation) for the EAHX and a separate trnsys-based model for the building, recently validated using an onsite long-term monitoring of the house under study in the present work. Many configurations of the house ranging from the building without any passive technique to the building with envelope thermal insulation connected with the EAHX combined with natural nighttime ventilation strategy have been investigated. The results showed that the nighttime ventilation strategy alone keeps the operative temperature lower than the convenient 28 °C for 92% of the time during the cooling period. On the other hand, when the EAHX alone is used, the operative temperature is lower than 28 °C during 57% of the time during the hot season. Hence, it was concluded that the passive nighttime ventilation alone leads already to a great thermal comfort improvement; however, its combination with an additional EAHX system results in convenient temperatures lower than 28 °C for 99% of time during the complete cooling period. It is found also that by applying nighttime ventilation, the air blowing flowrate can be reduced by up to three air change per hour while keeping the same EAHX’ parameters.
Enhancing TEM00-Mode Solar Laser With Beam Merging and Ring-Array Concentrator
Authors: Tibúrcio B. D. , Liang D. , Almeida J. , Garcia D. , Catela M. , Costa H. , Vistas C. R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
It is reported here a large improvement in numerically calculated TEM00-mode side-pumped solar laser efficiency, and brightness figure-of-merit by pumping two thin Nd:YAG laser rods simultaneously with a ring-array solar energy primary concentrator. Two side-pumping configurations were investigated. A single-rod configuration was used to pump a typical single thick laser rod with the full collection area of the ring-array concentrator, and a dual-rod to pump two thin laser rods simultaneously. A three-folding-mirror laser beam merging technique was used, enabling the emission of only one laser beam from the two rods. For the dual-rod single laser beam configuration, 27.50 W continuous-wave TEM00-mode solar laser output power was numerically achieved, corresponding to 16.10 W/m2 TEM00-mode solar laser collection efficiency, 1.70% solar-to-laser power conversion efficiency, 25.00 W brightness figure-of-merit, and 1.54% brightness conversion efficiency, being 1.46, 1.30, 1.75, and 1.40 times, respectively, higher than the previous numerical records, and also 2.04, 1.60, 3.87, and 2.03 times, respectively, more than the previous state-of-the-art experimental records.
Analysis of Fouling on Nanocomposite Surfaces in Plate Heat Exchangers
Authors: Li Wei , Zhu Liyao , Wang Qiugang , Ding Zhikou , Zhao Limin , Sherif S. A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the application of plate heat exchangers (PHEs), fouling has always been an intractable problem that results in decreasing the heat transfer efficiency and increasing the associated pressure drop. Plate heat exchangers are employed in solar energy systems to transfer the solar heat to a working fluid that can be used for heating or power generation applications depending on the amount of heat collected per unit surface area. The work upon which this article partially reports presents analyses of the factors influencing the antifouling performance of two types of nanocomposite surfaces, namely, Ni-P-PTFE and Ni-P-TiO2. In this work, the flow and thermal fields in PHEs are numerically analyzed. Then, experiments are conducted to verify the numerical results. The influencing factors of fouling are theoretically analyzed employing the Kern–Seaton fouling model and the von Kármán analogy. Results of the work performed here show that the friction factor f, the mass transfer coefficient Km, and the shear stress τs of the Ni-P-TiO2 and Ni-P-PTFE nanocomposite surfaces all decrease compared with an uncoated surface. Results also indicate that the deposit bond strength ζ of the Ni-P-TiO2 and Ni-P-PTFE coatings decrease by 42.1% and 30.5%, respectively. Furthermore, the Ni-P-TiO2 coating was found to increase the probability P of sticking to the surface by 24.9%, while the Ni-P-PTFE coating decreased the sticking probability P by 2.7%.
Solvation CoMFA-QSTR and CoMSIA-QSTR Models for Predicting the Antiwear Properties of Lubricant Additives
Authors: Huang Chengrui , Lv Sichao , Gao Xinlei , Wang Tingting , Chen Hao , Wu Li 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe relationship between the molecular structures of lubricant additives and their antiwear properties was assessed using 36 nitrogen-containing heterocyclic organic compounds to generate quantitative structure tribo-ability relationship (QSTR) models. In the modeling process, the molecular structure of the base oil was employed as the solvation factor, employing n-octadecane as a substitute for the liquid paraffin used to generate the original experimental data. Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA)-QSTR and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA)-QSTR models incorporating solvation by n-octadecane were established and compared with QSTR models that did not involve solvation. The solvation CoMFA-QSTR and CoMSIA-QSTR models exhibited excellent fitting abilities and were highly robust when predicting lubricant performance. These models were superior to nonsolvation models in this regard. These models also generated useful information regarding potential changes to molecular structure to improve antiwear properties. Electrostatic fields were found to be very important factors in antiwear models. Because the original experiments used a nonpolar base oil, the solvation factor had no obvious effect on the antiwear characteristics of the polar additives and so the predictive abilities of the solvation and nonsolvation models were similar.
Crying baby gets the milk? The governmentality of grievance redressal for patient rights violations in Karnataka, India
Authors: Putturaj Meena , Krumeich Anja , Nuggehalli Srinivas Prashanth , Engel Nora , Criel Bart , Van Belle Sara 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPatient rights aim to protect the dignity of healthcare-seeking individuals. Realisation of these rights is predicated on effective grievance redressal for the victims of patient rights violations.MethodsWe used a critical case (that yields the most information) of patient rights violations reported in Karnataka state (South India) to explore the power dynamics involved in resolving grievances raised by healthcare-seeking individuals. Using interviews, media reports and other documents pertaining to the case, we explored the ‘governmentality’ of grievance redressal for patient rights violations, that is, the interaction of micropractices and techniques of power employed by actors to govern the processes and outcomes. We also examined whether existing governmentality ensured procedural and substantive justice to care-seeking individuals.ResultsCollective action was necessary by the aggrieved women in terms of protests, media engagement, petitions and follow-up to ensure that the State accepted a complaint against a medical professional. Each institution, and especially the medical professional council, exercised its power by problematising the grievance in its own way which was distinct from the problematisation of the grievance by the collective. The State bureaucracy enacted its power by creating a maze of organisational units and by fragmenting the grievance redressal across various bureaucratic units.ConclusionThere is a need for measures guaranteeing accountability, transparency, promptness, fairness, credibility and trustworthiness in the patient grievance redressal system. Governmentality as a framework enabled to study how subjects (care-seeking individuals) are rendered governable and resist dominant forces in the grievance redressal system for patient rights violations.
Triple-negative breast cancer prevalence in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hercules Shawn M , Alnajar Meena , Chen Chen , Mladjenovic Stefan M , Shipeolu Bolade Ajarat , Perkovic Olga , Pond Greg R , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Blenman Kim RM , Daniel Juliet M 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveThe aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype disproportionately affects women of African ancestry across the diaspora, but its frequency across Africa has not been widely studied. This study seeks to estimate the frequency of TNBC among African populations.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.Data sourcesPubMed, EMBASE, African Journals Online and Web of Science were searched on 25 April 2021.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included studies that use breast cancer tissue samples from indigenous African women with sample size of eligible participants ≥40 and full receptor status for all three receptors (oestrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)) reported.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias using the modified assessment tool by Hoy et al. (2012) for prevalence studies. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed, and data were pooled using the inverse-variance method and logit transformation. Pooled frequencies were reported with 95% CIs calculated with the Clopper-Pearson method and heterogeneity quantified with I2 statistic. GRADE assessed the certainty of the evidence.Results1808 potentially eligible studies were identified of which 67 were included in the systematic review and 60 were included in the meta- analysis. Pooled TNBC frequency across African countries represented was estimated to be 27.0%; 95% CI: 24.0% to 30.2%, I2=94%. Pooled TNBC frequency was highest across West Africa, 45.7% (n=15, 95% CI: 38.8% to 52.8%, I2=91%) and lowest in Central Africa, 14.9% (n=1, 95% CI: 8.9 % to 24.1%). Estimates for TNBC were higher for studies that used Allred guidelines for ER/PR status compared with American Society of Clinical Oncology(ASCO)/College of American Pathologists(CAP) guidelines, and for studies that used older versions of ASCO/CAP guidelines for assessing HER2 status. Certainty of evidence was assessed to be very low using GRADE approach.ConclusionTNBC frequency was variable with the highest frequency reported in West Africa. Greater emphasis should be placed on establishing protocols for assessing receptor status due to the variability among studies.
Allostatic load as predictor of mortality: a cohort study from Lolland-Falster, Denmark
Authors: Bruun-Rasmussen Neda Esmailzadeh , Napolitano George , Christiansen Christian , Bojesen Stig Egil , Ellervik Christina , Jepsen Randi , Rasmussen Knud , Lynge Elsebeth 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesThe purposes of the present study were to determine the association between (1) 10 individual biomarkers and all-cause mortality; and between (2) allostatic load (AL), across three physiological systems (cardiovascular, inflammatory, metabolic) and all-cause mortality.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingWe used data from the Lolland-Falster Health Study undertaken in Denmark in 2016–2020 and used data on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse rate (PR), waist–hip ratio (WHR) and levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides, glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum albumin. All biomarkers were divided into quartiles with high-risk values defined as those in the highest (PR, WHR, triglycerides, HbA1c, CRP) or lowest (HDL-c, albumin) quartile, or a combination hereof (LDL-c, SBP, DBP). The 10 biomarkers were combined into a summary measure of AL index. Participants were followed-up for death for an average of 2.6 years.ParticipantsWe examined a total of 13 725 individuals aged 18+ years.Primary outcome measureCox proportional hazard regression (HR) analysis were performed to examine the association between AL index and mortality in men and women.ResultsAll-cause mortality increased with increasing AL index. With low AL index as reference, the HR was 1.33 (95% CI: 0.89 to 1.98) for mid AL, and HR 2.37 (95% CI: 1.58 to 3.54) for high AL.ConclusionsElevated physiological burden measured by mid and high AL index was associated with a steeper increase of mortality than individual biomarkers.
Internet-based support for informal caregivers to individuals with head and neck cancer (Carer eSupport): a study protocol for the development and feasibility testing of a complex online intervention
Authors: Langegård Ulrica , Cajander Åsa , Carlsson Maria , von Essen Louise , Ahmad Awais , Laurell Göran , Tiblom Ehrsson Ylva , Johansson Birgitta 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionIt is strongly recommended that randomised controlled trials are preceded with an exploration of the needs of the target population and feasibility testing of the intervention. The present study protocol is set out to describe these steps in the development of a complex intervention.The past decades’ transition of care from inpatient to outpatient settings has increased the complexity of caregivers’ responsibilities, which they may not be prepared for. There is a need to support informal caregivers (ICs) to prepare them for caregiving and decrease the caregiver burden. The main aim of this study is to describe the development of an internet-based intervention (Carer eSupport) to improve ICs’ ability to support individuals with head and neck cancer and to describe the testing of the feasibility and acceptability of Carer eSupport.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre study involving the ear, nose and throat clinics and the oncology and radiotherapy clinics at three university hospitals. The study protocol comprises two phases, development and feasibility testing, using the Medical Research Council framework for developing a complex intervention. Carer eSupport will be based on the results from focus group discussions with ICs and healthcare professionals (planned for n=6–8 in respective groups) and scientific evidence, the Social Cognitive Theory and the Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. The feasibility testing will include 30 ICs who will have access to Carer eSupport for 1 month. The feasibility testing will be evaluated with a mixed-method design.Ethics and disseminationAll procedures have been approved by the Ethics Committee at Uppsala University (Dnr: 2020-04650). Informed consent will be obtained before enrolment of patients, their ICs and healthcare staff. The feasibility testing is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05028452). Findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journal publications.Trial registration numberClinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05028452).