bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Intercultural Interpreter Services at a Pediatric Emergency Department in Switzerland
Authors: Buser Sina , Gessler Noemi , Gmuender Myriam , Feuz Ursula , Jachmann Anne , Fayyaz Jabeen , Keitel Kristina , Brandenberger Julia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of our study was to analyze the use of interpreter services and improve communication during health encounters with families with limited language proficiency (LLP) at the pediatric emergency department (ED) of the University Hospital of Bern. This study is a pre- and post-intervention study analyzing the use of interpreter services for LLP families. All families originating from a country with a native language other than German, English or French presenting to the ED were eligible to participate in the study. If they agreed to participate, the language proficiency of the caregiver present during the health encounter was systematically assessed during a phone interview within a few days after the consultation, using a standardized screening tool. If screened positive (relevant LLP), a second phone interview with an interpreter was conducted. Further variables were extracted including nationality, age, gender and date of visit using administrative health records. To increase the use of interpreter services, a package of interventions was implemented at the department during 3 months. It consisted of: i) in person and online transcultural teaching ii) awareness raising through the regular information channels and iii) the introduction of a pathway to systematically identify and manage LLP families. The proportion of LLP families who received an interpreter was 11.0% (14/127) in the pre-intervention period compared to 14.8% (20/135) in the post-intervention period. The interpreter use was therefore increased by 3.8% (95% CI -0.43 to 0.21; p = 0.36). The assessed level of language proficiency of caregivers differed from the self-reported level of language proficiency. Of the study participants in the interview whose language proficiency was screened as limited, 77.1% estimated their language proficiency level as intermediate. More than half of the LLP families who did not receive an interpreter and participated in the interview reported, that they would have liked an interpreter during the consultation. Conclusions: Interpreter services are largely underused during health encounters with LLP families. Relying on caregivers´ self-assessed language proficiency and their active request for an interpreter is not sufficient to ensure safe communication during health encounters. Systematic screening of language proficiency and standardized management of LLP families is feasible and needed at health care facilities to ensure equitable care. Further studies are needed to analyze personal and institutional barriers to interpreter use and find interventions to sustainably increase the use of interpreter services for LLP families.
Lignocellulose conversion via catalytic transformations yields biobased polyester from sawdust
Authors: Pedersen Simon , Batista Gabriel , Henriksen Martin , Hammershøj Hans Christian , Hopmann Kathrin , Skrydstrup Troels 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate polyester represents the most common class of thermoplastic polymers widely used in the textile, bottling and packaging industries. Terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, both of petrochemical origin, are polymerised to yield the polyester. However, an earlier report suggests replacement with 2-methoxyterephthalic acid provides a methoxy-polyester with equal properties. Currently, there are no established biobased synthetic routes towards methoxy-polyethylene terephthalate. Here we show a viable route to the polyester variant from various tree species involving three catalytic steps. We demonstrate that sawdust can be converted to valuable aryl nitrile intermediates through an efficient fluorosulfation-catalytic cyanation sequence (>90%), and then converted to methoxy-terephthalic acid by hydrolysis and oxidation. Our polymerisation results reveal similar decomposition and glass transition temperatures of methoxy-polyester in comparison with conventional polyester. This synthetic route towards a biobased methoxy-polyester is aligned with the general goal of polyester producing companies to replace this oil-based plastic with biobased alternatives.
Auditory and visual mating cues input, Interaction among the central biological clock and reproductive neuron in hypothalamic-pituitary- gonadal axis of Rhesus monkey: A potential cause of precocious puberty
Authors: Aslam Muhammad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis (HPG) operates and gated by multiple neurocircuits one of which is circadian system. Circadian system is necessary for reproduction. The impact of day, night length, electromagnetic radiation, hormone and food on circadian cycle and onset of puberty was well established but influence of two crucial visual and auditory mating cues was not yet determined. Biological clock suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is connected to other reproduction regulating areas such as preoptic area (POA) anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) arcuate nucleus (ARC)and dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH). Our finding has proved exposure of Visual and auditory mating cues significantly increased circadian clock regulatory protein expression GnRH neuropeptide and neurohormone that impart confounding impact on reproductive organ growth and early onset of puberty in prepubertal monkey (Macaca mulatto). The auditory and visual mating cues are thought to stimulate the SCN and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron in POA with subsequent released FSH, LH and gonadal steroids.
Exploration of metabolites from gut microbiota against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A network pharmacology-based study
Authors: Oh Ki-Kwang , Gupta Haripriya , Min Byeong Hyun , Ganesan Raja , Sharma Satya Priya , Won Sung Min , Jeong Jin Ju , Lee Su Been , Cha Min Gi , Kwon Goo Hyun , Jeong Min Kyo , Hyun Ji Ye , Eom Jung A , Park Hee Jin , Yoon Sang Jun , Choi Mi Ran , Kim Dong Joon , Suk Ki Tae 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The metabolites of gut microbiota show favorable therapeutic effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the active metabolites and mechanisms against NAFLD have not been documented. The aim of the study was to investigate the active metabolites and mechanisms of gut microbiota against NAFLD by network pharmacology. Results: We obtained a total of 208 metabolites from the gutMgene database and retrieved 1,256 targets from similarity ensemble approach (SEA) and 947 targets from the SwissTargetPrediction (STP) database. In the SEA and STP databases, we identified 668 overlapping targets and obtained 237 targets for NAFLD. Thirty-eight targets were identified out of those 237 and 223 targets retrieved from the gutMgene database, and were considered the final NAFLD targets of metabolites from the microbiome. The results of molecular docking tests suggest that, of the 38 targets, mitogen-activated protein kinase 8-compound K and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta-myricetin complexes might inhibit the Wnt signaling pathway. The microbiota-signaling pathways-targets-metabolites network analysis reveals that Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, and phenylacetylglutamine are notable components of NAFLD.Conclusion: The key components and potential mechanisms of metabolites from gut microbiota against NAFLD were explored utilizing network pharmacology analyses. This study provides scientific evidence to support the therapeutic efficacy of metabolites for NAFLD and suggests holistic insights for further research.
Jingfang Granule Protects Against Concanavalin-A-Induced Immune Hepatitis in Mice Through Regulating Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle
Authors: Zhang Yongkang , Liu Mingfei , Zhang Xiao , Cheng Guoliang , Lv Shimeng , Yang Tianye , Li Shirong , Wang Xishuang , Pan Lihong , Feng Qun , Sun Chenghong , Yao Jingchun , Zhang Guimin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an autoimmune mediated inflammatory disease that causes serious economic burden to mankind. Previous studies reported that Jingfang Granules (JFG) had an anti-inflammatory effect. However, there are few studies of JFG on AIH. The aim of the study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of JFG on AIH and its mechanisms of action.
Methods
The animal model of AIH was constructed by intravenous injection of Concanavalin A (Con A). JFG treatment was given by intragastric gavage (ig) after an hour later of injected Con A. Serum and liver tissues were collected after 24 h treatment. Mortality, histology, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum were to evaluate therapeutic effect of JFG. The apoptosis of hepatocyte was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP biotin nick end labeling assay (TUNEL). The expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 Associated X (Bax), Cleaved-Caspase 3, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB), Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways associated proteins, CS, IDH1, ACLY, SUCLG1, and SUCLA2 were measured by western blot. The inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) were checked by ELISA. The possible target mechanism of JFG in the treatment of AIH was explored by proteomics and metabolomics.
Results
The results showed that JFG substantially alleviated Con A-mediated hepatitis in mice, which was shown by increased survival rates, decreased of liver injury, aminotransferase, hepatocyte necrosis, and apoptosis. JFG could also regulate the production of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-10) by reduced the activation of TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK pathways. In addition, it was found that JFG could inhibit the inflammatory pathway by regulating tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity.
Conclusions
These results suggested that JFG played a therapeutic role in Con A-induced AIH by inhibiting liver injury, apoptosis, and inhibiting inflammatory pathway by regulating TCA cycle.
Biodegradation of pretreated chicken feather with keratinolytic bacteria Glutamicibacter arilaitensis
Authors: Chellapackialakshmi Murugan , Ravi Cyril 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Chicken feather is the major waste product of poultry industry that persists in the environment and has become a serious pollutant across the globe. The present study was aimed to check the effect of pretreatment of chicken feather on the keratinolytic potential of chosen bacteria (Glutamicibacter arilaitensis).
Methods
Chicken feathers were pretreated with 0.1N HCl (strong acid) and 0.1N NaOH (strong base) for 48 hours and then provided as substrate for the bacteria cultured in shake flasks and fermentor. In both categories, parameters such as pH, bacterial growth, bacterial biomass, protein and aminoacid concentration along with protease assay were studied. Further, smears of the two media were prepared and observed microscopically upto 120 hours at 24 hours interval. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed for bacterial culture.
Result
The optimum growth and proteolytic activity (24.94 ± 0.19 U/ml) of G. arilaitensis was observed at 72 hours. The concentration of protein (0.49 mg/ml) and amino acid (3.4 mg/ml) was higher in alkali pretreated feather than acidic treatment in both medium. G. arilaitensis was sensitive to antibiotics such as tetracycline, erythromycin, rifampcin, chloramphenicol and streptomycin, however, it was resistant to penicillin and ampicillin.
Conclusion
It has been found out that, G. arilaitensis was more effective in degrading alkali pretreated feather under fermentation and feather waste can be recycled and converted into valuable products.
Superior mesenteric vein thrombosis in a patient with immune thrombocytopenia: case report and review of literature
Authors: Woo Youngje , Kim Jang Yong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disorder that has a combination of suppressed platelet production and immune-mediated platelet destruction. Despite the presence of thrombocytopenia, chronic ITP patients have a higher risk of arterial or venous thromboembolism compared to normal people.Case presentation: A 37-year-old female with a history of steroid-resistant chronic ITP presented with severe abdominal pain and massive hematochezia. Upper GI bleeding was diagnosed through nasogastric tube aspiration and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. An abdominal CT scan revealed extensive superior mesenteric vein thrombosis, and small bowel and liver ischemia. She had undergone surgical thrombectomy and small bowel resection. During the hospitalization, she was treated with steroid therapy as well as anticoagulants. Eventually, she required a splenectomy because of a consistent low platelet count. Her platelet count is now stable, and she no longer requires any therapeutic interventions for ITP.Conclusions: This case is one of the few cases that was reported as paradoxical venous thrombosis in ITP patients. Although arterial and venous thrombosis are considered a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of ITP, the therapeutic approach is challenging due to the lack of recommendations and guidelines on the treatment of thrombosis in ITP patients.
The effect of endoscopic transsphenoidal somatotroph tumors resection on pituitary hormones: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nie Ding , Fang Qiuyue , Wong Wakam , Gui Songbai , Zhao Peng , Li Chuzhong , Zhang Yazhuo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Currently, endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is the main treatment for pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNets). Excision of the tumor may have positive or negative effects on pituitary endocrine function and the pituitary function of somatotroph tumors is a point of particular concern after the operation. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis on the effect of endoscopic transsphenoidal somatotroph tumor resection on pituitary function.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted for articles that included the evaluation of pituitary target gland before and after endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection and published between 1992 and 2022 in PubMed, Cochrane, and Ovid MEDLINE.
Results
68 studies that included biochemical remission rates in 4524 somatotroph tumors were concluded. According to the 2000 consensus, the biochemical remission rate after transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery was 66.4% (95%CI,0.622–0.703; P = 0.000), the biochemical remission rate was 56.2% according to the 2010 consensus (95%CI,0.503–0.620; P = 0.041), and with the rate of biochemical remission ranging from 30.0–91.7% with investigator's definition. After endoscopic resection, adrenal axis dysfunction was slightly higher than that before surgery, but the difference was not statistically significant. Hypothyroidism was 0.712 times higher risk than that before surgery(OR = 0.712; 95%CI, 0.527–0.961; P = 0.027). Hypogonadism was 0.541 times higher risk than that before surgery (OR = 0.541; 95%CI,0.393–0.746; P = 0.000). Hyperprolactinemia was 0.131 times higher risk than that before surgery (OR = 0.131; 95%CI,0.022–0.783; P = 0.026). The incidence of pituitary insufficiency was 1.344 times risk before surgery after endoscopic resection of somatotroph tumors, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions
Although the biochemical response rate of patients with transsphenoidal endoscopic growth hormone tumor resection will be increased as endoscopic surgery matures, some patients still require postoperative treatment, including gamma-ray therapy or drug take-in. Long-term follow-up and drug replacement therapy are required for newly diagnosed pituitary dysfunction, while the existing preoperative hypophysis can be ameliorated to some extent.
Unveiling photon statistics with a 100-pixel photon-number-resolving detector
Authors: Cheng Risheng , Zhou Yiyu , Wang Sihao , Shen Mohan , Taher Towsif , Tang Hong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Single-photon detectors are ubiquitous in quantum information science and quantum sensing. They are key enabling technologies for numerous scientific discoveries and fundamental tests of quantum optics. Photon-number-revolving detectors are the ultimate measurement tool of light. However, few detectors to date can provide high-fidelity photon number resolution at few-photon levels. Here, we demonstrate an on-chip detector that can resolve up to 100 photons by spatiotemporally multiplexing an array of superconducting nanowires along a single waveguide.
The unparalleled photon number resolution paired with the high-speed response exclusively allows us to unveil the quantum photon statistics of a true thermal light source for the first time, which is realized by direct measurement of high-order correlation function g(N) with N up to 15, observation of photon-subtraction-induced photon number enhancement, and quantum-limited state discrimination against a coherent light source. Our detector provides a viable route towards various important applications, including photonic quantum computation and quantum metrology.
Complete Genome Analysis of Bacillus Velezensis ES2-4: A Novel BacillusStrain with Potential for Biofitilizer and Biocontrol Agent
Authors: Liu Feng , He Qun , Li Wei , Wu Maohua , He Bing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bacillus velezensis is a new species of Bacillus sp recently discovered. It is considered a new plant growth promoting rhizobacteria because of its ability to inhibit a variety of pathogens and promote plant growth. In this study, we isolated a novel Bacillus velezensis strain ES2-4 in orchard soil. Based on comparative analysis, including average nucleotide polymorphism (ANI), digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), and phylogenetic analysis, ES2-4 was designated as Bacillus velezensis. Genomic analysis revealed that Bacillus velezensis contains a series of genes closely related to promoting plant growth directly and indirectly. Genomic secondary metabolite analyses indicated there are 9 identified gene clusters involved in the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites (Surfactin, Iturin, Fengycin, Bacillibactin, Bacilysin, Macrolactin, Bacillaene, Difficidin, Amylocyclicin), and five clusters encoding polyketides, lanthipeptide, terpenes, but the specific substances are unclear. In addition, Bacillus velezensis ES2-4 showed good antagonistic activity against various plant pathogens, especially Rhizoctonia solani. These findings suggest that Bacillus velezensis ES2-4 could be used as a PGPR strain to develop new biofertilizers and biocontrol agents.
Long-Term Outcomes of Sleeve Gastrectomy in Adolescent Patients: The Effect of Weight Loss in Younger Years to Outcomes in Adulthood
Authors: Sabah Salman Al , Haddad Eliana Al , Shuaibi Sameera , Qahdi Iman , Al-Saidan Lulwah , Khayat Ali 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Childhood obesity is associated with a variety of complications that see their light throughout adulthood. Due to the serious side effects of these morbidities, early intervention is essential. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of obesity, however, the long-term data on its use in adolescents is lacking in the literature.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on all patients that underwent SG aged between 12–21 years old at a public hospital in Kuwait. Data on their weight and comorbidities was collected and analyzed.
Results
164 adolescent patients with a mean age of 19 underwent SG. 71% of the patients were female, while the mean weight at surgery was 128.6 kg, corresponding to a BMI of 47.8 Kg/m2. 32% of patients were classified as BMI more than 50, while 6.7% had a BMI over 60. The highest weight loss was achieved at 18 months post-op, corresponding to an EWL of 82.66%. On long-term follow-up, weight loss was maintained over the 13 years post-op. Obstructive sleep apnea was resolved in 75% of the patients. While hypertension remained in the 2 patients that presented with it pre-op. 21 patients developed gastro-esophageal reflux disease 5.7 years post-op, while 20 patients were treated for gall bladder stones 4.4 years post-op.
Conclusion
It is of ample importance to tackle obesity during childhood, before complications ensure later in life. Bariatric surgery, specifically SG, has been found to be an effective and safe weight loss tool, with sustained long-term weight and resolution of early comorbidities.
miR-138-5p-mediated HOXD11 promotes cell invasion and metastasis by activating the FN1/MMP2/MMP9 pathway and predicts poor prognosis in penile squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tan Xingliang , Wang Yanjun , Wu Zhingming , Zou Yuantao , Luo Sihao , Tang Yi , Chen Dong , Yuan Gangjun , Yao Kai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Regional lymph node and distant metastasis are the most radical causes of high mortality in penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) patients. However, the available biomarkers and detailed mechanisms underlying the metastasis of PSCC remain elusive. Here, we detected that HOXD11 was upregulated in tumors, especially in metastatic lymph nodes, highlighting its role in the progression of PSCC. We aimed to further explore the clinical significance, biofunctions and specific mechanisms of HOXD11.
Methods
Twelve PSCC tumors, metastatic lymph nodes and corresponding normal tissue pairs were examined by an RNA-seq panel of HOX genes to explore progressive biomarkers. The expression of HOXD11 was detected by qPCR and western blotting in our newly established PSCC cell lines. The clinical relevance and outcomes of HOXD11 were further validated in a large cohort of 267 PSCC patients by immunohistochemistry. Functional experiments in vitro and subcutaneous xenograft and footpad metastatic models were conducted to investigate the of HOXD11. The targeting relationship and mechanisms between HOXD11, miR-138-5p and FN1 were demonstrated by dual luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation.
Results
HOXD11 expression was upregulated in PSCC tissues, especially in metastatic lymph nodes. High HOXD11 expression was associated with aggressive features, such as advanced pN stages, extranodal extension, pelvic lymph node and distant metastasis, and predicted poor survival. Furthermore, knockdown of HOXD11 not only inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and tumor growth but also reduced the burden of metastatic lymph nodes. Besides, miR-138-5p and FN1 reversed HOXD11-mediated oncogenic capacity. Mechanistic studies indicated that HOXD11 was post-transcriptionally regulated by miR-138-5p, bound to the promoter regions of FN1 activating the FN1/MMP2/MMP9 pathway to decompose the extracellular matrix and promoted epithelial mesenchymal transition-like phenotype metastasis.
Conclusions
HOXD11 promotes PSCC progression, predicting advanced disease with poor outcomes. HOXD11 could be a promising prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for PSCC.