bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphene electronic tattoos 2.0 with enhanced performance, breathability and robustness
Authors: Kireev Dmitry , Kampfe Jameson , Hall Alena , Akinwande Deji 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGraphene electronic tattoos (GETs) have recently emerged as unique tools for personalized healthcare. The monolayer GETs have been used to monitor human electrophysiological signals, including brain, heart, and muscle activities, skin temperature, and hydration level. However, a few drawbacks of the earlier GETs hindered their perception by clinical and biomedical experts: they were not permeable to sweat, and the tattoo performance varied greatly. In this work, we introduce GETs 2.0: the skin wearable tattoo sensors with superior electrical properties, permeability to sweat, and robustness. We report on the categorical analysis of the graphene tattoos of different layer constitutions. When stacking the graphene monolayers within a single tattoo, we see a drastic enhancement in their electronic properties. The older monolayer GETs were susceptive to minor growth- or transfer-related discrepancies, resulting in highly scattered electrical properties. In this work, the GETs 2.0 with the addition of graphene nanoscrolls (GNS) or multilayer (2 L and 3 L) graphene structures exhibit 3.5-fold decreased sheet resistance, 2.5-fold lower skin impedance, and 5-fold reduced standard deviations of these values. In addition, we introduced holes into the tattoo, enabling healthy sweat evaporation without a substantial decrease in electrical properties. Furthermore, we show that microholes allow for advanced biplanar contact with graphene tattoos. Finally, we show that multilayer GETs 2.0 can be used as efficient skin-wearable electronic heaters, exhibiting heating efficiency of ~6 mW/°C.
Substrate-restricted methanogenesis and limited volatile organic compound degradation in highly diverse and heterogeneous municipal landfill microbial communities
Authors: Sauk Alexandra H , Hug Laura A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Microbial communities in landfills transform waste and generate methane in an environment unique from other built and natural environments. Landfill microbial diversity has predominantly been observed at the phylum level, without examining the extent of shared organismal diversity across space or time. We used 16S rRNA gene amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing to examine the taxonomic and functional diversity of the microbial communities inhabiting a Southern Ontario landfill. The microbial capacity for volatile organic compound degradation in leachate and groundwater samples was correlated with geochemical conditions. Across the landfill, 25 bacterial and archaeal phyla were present at &gt;1% relative abundance within at least one landfill sample, with Patescibacteria, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria dominating. Methanogens were neither numerous nor particularly abundant, and were predominantly constrained to either acetoclastic or methylotrophic methanogenesis. The landfill microbial community was highly heterogeneous, with 90.7% of organisms present at only one or two sites within this interconnected system. Based on diversity measures, the landfill is a microbial system undergoing a constant state of disturbance and change, driving the extreme heterogeneity observed. Significant differences in geochemistry occurred across the leachate and groundwater wells sampled, with calcium, iron, magnesium, boron, meta and para xylenes, ortho xylenes, and ethylbenzene concentrations contributing most strongly to observed site differences. Predicted microbial degradation capacities indicated a heterogeneous community response to contaminants, including identification of novel proteins implicated in anaerobic degradation of key volatile organic compounds.
Cooperative triple catalysis enables regioirregular formal Mizoroki–Heck reactions
Authors: Liu Kun , Leifert Dirk , Studer Armido 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Mizoroki–Heck reaction between alkenes and aryl halides represents one of the most important methods for C−C bond formation in synthetic chemistry. Governed by their electronic and steric nature, alkenes are generally arylated with high regioselectivity, which conversely hampers diversity, in particular, if the regioirregular isomer is targeted. Usually, electron-poor alkenes selectively afford the corresponding β-coupled products, and achieving the opposite regioselectivity to obtain their α-arylated congeners is highly challenging. It would be desirable to access the irregular α-regioisomer by simple variation of the reaction conditions, keeping the standard substrates, thereby significantly enlarging the product space. Herein, we describe an intermolecular α-arylation of electron-poor alkenes through cooperative nickel, photoredox and sulfinate catalysis. This triple catalysis system operates under mild conditions and features excellent functional group tolerance. The orchestration of radical, transition metal and ionic bond-forming and -cleaving reactions in a single process is highly challenging, but certainly opens valuable doors in terms of reactivity. Moreover, the intermolecular α-arylation, α-alkenylation and α-alkynylation of styrenes could also be achieved through a one-pot process.
Insecticidal efficacy of nanomaterials used to control mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 with special reference to their hepatotoxicity in rats
Authors: Shamseldean Muhammad S.M. , Attia Marwa M. , Korany Reda M.S. , Othamn Nehal A. , Allam Sally F.M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a novel methodology for controlling the mosquito larvae using different nanoparticles, with special reference to their effect on rats (a non-target mammalian model). The mosquito species of Culex quinquefasciatus was reared in the laboratory. Chitosan, silver nanoparticles and their combination as well as lavender (Lavandula officinalis) nanoemulsion with different concentrations were tested as biological insecticides against the mosquito larvae. Mammalian toxicity of the used nanoparticles were evaluated using 27 adult male rats, experimental rats were divided into 9 equal groups (n=3). The nanoparticles were added to the drinking water for 30 days. At the end of the study, blood and tissue samples were collected to assess the levels of the serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, different genes expression as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-1β activity. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies using two markers (TNF-α and BAX expression) were also applied. The LC50 and LC90 were recorded for each tested nanoparticles, and also the changes of the treated mosquito larvae cuticle were assessed using the scanning electron microscopy. Green nanoemulsion (Lavandula officinalis) was more effective than metal (silver) or even biodegradable (chitosan) nanoparticles in controlling of Culex quiquefasciatus mosquito larvae, and also it proved its safety by evaluation of the mammalian hepatotoxicity of the tested nanoparticles.
Immune priming in plants: from the onset to transgenerational maintenance
Authors: Cooper Agatha , Ton Jurriaan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Enhancing plant resistance against pests and diseases by priming plant immunity is an attractive concept for crop protection because it provides long-lasting broad-spectrum protection against pests and diseases. This review provides a selected overview of the latest advances in research on the molecular, biochemical and epigenetic drivers of plant immune priming. We review recent findings about the perception and signalling mechanisms controlling the onset of priming by the plant stress metabolite β-aminobutyric acid. In addition, we review the evidence for epigenetic regulation of long-term maintenance of priming and discuss how stress-induced reductions in DNA hypomethylation at transposable elements can prime defence genes. Finally, we examine how priming can be exploited in crop protection and articulate the opportunities and challenges of translating research results from the Arabidopsis model system to crops.
Research on power density improvement for interior permanent magnet synchronous machine based on permanent magnet minimization
Authors: Xu Xuefeng , Zhang Bingyi , Chen Dezhi , Zheng Junming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn order to improve the power density of the permanent‐magnet synchronous machine and reduce the cost of effective materials, this paper investigated approaches of power‐density improvement and discussed the influence of flux‐weakening level and salient ratio parameters on the characteristics of torque and power for the interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) based on the permanent magnet (PM) minimisation. Firstly, the model of PM minimisation can be established based on the principle of equal area of stator and rotor magnetomotive force. According to the minimisation model, a formula is derived for calculation of structural parameters of the permanent magnets in the IPMSM. Besides, the relation among the interior multilayer permanent magnets is established. Then, comparing and analysing the extremum characteristics of the maximum torque output and maximum power output of the motor under different parameters, the regular influence on the IPMSM can be summarised between the parameter and the internal power factor angle. So, it can be proposed that the corresponding internal power factor angle with respect to the golden section ratio of the maximum torque output is around −35°. Finally, combined with the results of the finite element and analytical calculation, a 45 kW PM motor for electric vehicles was manufactured and tested in no‐load, load and thermal experiment, respectively. The peak torque of the prototype lasted for 94 s and reached 2.3 times the rated torque. Compared with the conventional PM motor used for the electric vehicle, the power density was increased by more than 0.5 kW/kg which can verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
An optimized soft‐start procedure of dual active bridge converter for charging current suppression
Authors: Weng Chudi , Li Yue , Peng Yonggang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs a typical topology of solid‐state transformer, dual active bridge converter (DABC) is widely used for voltage levels conversion due to its advantage in bidirectional power transfer and galvanic isolation. In the start‐up process, an overcurrent will occur when the converter charges the output capacitor. To address this problem, special soft‐start procedures are used to protect switches from the inrush current. The soft‐start framework used in this paper adds an inner‐phase‐shift in the closed loop control. Compared to the conventional step‐to‐step soft‐start methods, it simplifies the transition process from the open loop to the closed loop control. However, higher current stress appears in the soft‐start process. So, based on the framework, an optimized soft‐start procedure with simple implementation, including the phase transformation and the inverse‐trigonometric inner‐phase‐shift, is proposed to improve the voltage tracking performance and reduce the charging current further. The simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed soft‐start procedure on the output voltage control and charging current suppression.
A hot sub-Neptune in the desert and a temperate super-Earth around faint M dwarfs
Authors: Esparza-Borges E. , Parviainen H. , Murgas F. , Pallé E. , Maas A. , Morello G. , Zapatero-Osorio M. R. , Barkaoui K. , Narita N. , Fukui A. , Casasayas-Barris N. , Oshagh M. , Crouzet N. , Galán D. , Fernández G. E. , Kagetani T. , Kawauchi K. , Kodama T. , Korth J. , Kusakabe N. , Laza-Ramos A. , Luque R. , Livingston J. , Madrigal-Aguado A. , Mori M. , Orell-Miquel J. , Puig-Subirà M. , Stangret M. , Terada Y. , Watanabe N. , Zou Y. , Baliga Savel A. , Belinski A. A. , Collins K. , Dressing C. D. , Giacalone S. , Gill H. , Goliguzova M. V. , Ikoma M. , Jenkins J. M. , Tamura M. , Twicken J. D. , Ricker G. R. , Schwarz R. P. , Seager S. , Shporer A. , Vanderspek R. , Winn J. 
Published: July 2022

Aims. We report the discovery and validation of two TESS exoplanets orbiting faint M dwarfs: TOI-4479b and TOI-2081b.
Methods. We jointly analyzed space (TESS mission) and ground-based (MuSCAT2, MuSCAT3 and SINISTRO instruments) light curves using our multicolor photometry transit analysis pipeline. This allowed us to compute contamination limits for both candidates and validate them as planet-sized companions.
Results. We found TOI-4479b to be a sub-Neptune-sized planet (Rp = 2.82−0.63+0.65 R⊕) and TOI-2081b to be a super-Earth-sized planet (Rp = 2.04−0.54+0.50 R⊕). Furthermore, we obtained that TOI-4479b, with a short orbital period of 1.15890−0.00001+0.00002 days, lies within the Neptune desert and is in fact the largest nearly ultra-short period planet around an M dwarf known to date.
Conclusions. These results make TOI-4479b rare among the currently known exoplanet population of M dwarf stars and an especially interesting target for spectroscopic follow-up and future studies of planet formation and evolution.
Dust ring and gap formation by gas flow induced by low-mass planets embedded in protoplanetary disks
Authors: Kuwahara Ayumu , Kurokawa Hiroyuki , Tanigawa Takayuki , Ida Shigeru 
Published: July 2022

Context.Recent high-spatial-resolution observations have revealed dust substructures in protoplanetary disks such as rings and gaps, which do not always correlate with gas. Because radial gas flow induced by low-mass, non-gas-gap-opening planets could affect the radial drift of dust, it potentially forms these dust substructures in disks.Aims.We investigate the potential of gas flow induced by low-mass planets to sculpt the rings and gaps in the dust profiles.Methods.We first perform three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations, which resolve the local gas flow past a planet. We then calculate the trajectories of dust influenced by the planet-induced gas flow. Finally, we compute the steady-state dust surface density by incorporating the influences of the planet-induced gas flow into a one-dimensional dust advection-diffusion model.Results.The outflow of the gas toward the outside of the planetary orbit inhibits the radial drift of dust, leading to dust accumulation (the dust ring). The outflow toward the inside of the planetary orbit enhances the inward drift of dust, causing dust depletion around the planetary orbit (the dust gap). Under weak turbulence (αdiff≲ 10−4, whereαdiffis the turbulence strength parameter), the gas flow induced by the planet with ≳1M⊕(Earth mass) generates the dust ring and gap in the distribution of small dust grains (≲1 cm) with a radial extent of ~1–10 times the gas scale height around the planetary orbit without creating a gas gap and pressure bump.Conclusions.The gas flow induced by low-mass, non-gas-gap-opening planets can be considered a possible origin of the observed dust substructures in disks. Our results may be helpful in explaining the disks whose dust substructures were found not to correlate with those of the gas.
School-Based Education: An Opportunity to Promote Equitable Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Knowledge
Authors: Walker Ruth , Fields Jessica , Gilbert Jen , Leahy Deana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAll young people are entitled to knowledge and support that protects their sexual and reproductive health. School-based education is the most opportune setting for young people to have equitable access to sexual and reproductive health education. However, there is room for significant improvements in the provision of sexual and reproductive health education globally, and a range of barriers to be addressed. The Global Standards for Health Promoting Schools is a framework for governments, policy-makers, and schools to ensure that all students receive sexual and reproductive health education and support that promotes their sexual and reproductive health and overall health and well-being. The Global Standards for Health Promoting Schools acknowledges that school environments, partnerships, governance, policies, and resources are ultimately influenced by government resources and policy, and that advocacy and meaningful action across each standard is required.
Endoscopic or Microscopic Tympanoplasty Advantages and Disadvantages: A Theory Domain Systematic Review
Authors: Bianchini Ana Júlia , Berlitz Vitória Gabriela , Mocelin Aurenzo Gonçalves , Ribeiro Juliana Ferraz , Keruk João Gabriel , Hamerschmidt Rogério 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Tympanoplasty is a reparative surgery that has multiple indications. The aid of a microscope or an endoscope is necessary to carry out the procedure. The classic method utilizes the microscope; however, in the recent decades, the endoscope has been popular. Although many articles try to compare these two techniques, there is still no robust evidence that confirms the superiority of either technique. In the present work, we seek to perform a systematic review contribute with this.
Objectives The present systematic review attempted to compare endoscopic and microscopic surgery techniques and to discover whether there would be superiority in the results of any of them, based on data currently available in the literature.
Data Synthesis The objectives of the present review were organized according to the PICO planning and strategy adapted for systematic reviews. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were established aiming to select only select primary data. The main medical databases were searched using an optimized search string with appropriate descriptors. The searched databases were MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, and EMBASE. A total of 99 studies were selected and 38 were fully assessed after the inclusion criteria were applied. All included articles were reviewed by all authors and their results were discussed and summarized.
Conclusion The endoscopic technique was shown to be a safer technique comparable in effectiveness to the use of microscopy. In addition, it provides possible advantages such as shortening the surgical time and better postoperative pain outcomes.
Management of MRI-Detected Benign Internal Mammary Lymph Nodes
Authors: Gunes Gozde , Crivellaro Priscila , Muradali Derek 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate benign internal mammary lymph nodes (IMLNs) in terms of frequency, number, size, long axis/short axis (L/S) ratio, intercostal location, presence of fatty hilum, and stability using breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and discuss the findings by reviewing existing literature.
Methods This single-center study consisted of 130 women between the ages of 24 and 76 years, who had at least two breast MRI examinations in our institution, with the latest exam performed between January 1, 2019 and November 1, 2019, were eligible for the study. MRIs of the study group were independently reviewed by two radiologists.
Results IMLN was detected in 31.1% of the 427 MRIs, with a total number of 256 nodes. The most common indication for breast MRI was high-risk screening (66.2%). The median number of nodes per patient was 1 (range: 1–6). The median follow-up time was 19.5 months (range: 6–141 months). None of these benign nodes showed significant interval growth. Mean L/R ratio of the nodes was 1.9. One hundred and four nodes (n = 104, 40.6%) had a L/S ratio less than 2 and 43.2% (n = 45) of the nodes with a L/S ratio less than 2, had a long axis measuring less than or equal to 3mm. IMLN of patients with breast implants had the largest mean long axis. The fatty hilum was identified in 34.3% (n = 68) of the 256 nodes. The size of the lymph nodes where fatty hilum was visualized was significantly larger than the ones where fatty hilum was not visualized (p < 0.001). Fatty hilum could be visualized in only 2.7% of the nodes with a long axis smaller than 3 mm.
Conclusion IMLN is a frequent finding on breast MRI. We have shown that benign IMLNs might be large sized in specific cases like patients with breast implants. When small sized (≤3mm), they are more likely to be rounded (L/S ratio <2). The fatty hilum that is a feature of benignity might not be visualized in nodes less than or equal to3mm.
Economic effect of the golf simulation industry in Korea: an analysis based on the SVAR model
Authors: Hao Yuanyuan , Kong Mengyuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe main objective of this study is to investigate the impact relationship between the golf simulation industry and economic growth in Korea using impulse response and variance decomposition of Structural Vector Auto-regressive model (SVAR) based on data from 2000 to 2020. The impulse response results show that under the short-term constraint, there is a strong correlation between the golf simulation industry, sports industry investment and labor population, while the interaction between the golf simulation industry, sports industry investment and economic growth is weak, and the trend of their influence is somewhat uncertain under the effect of economic growth. In contrast, there is a unidirectional positive influence effect between the golf simulation industry, sports industry investment, labor population and economic growth under the long-term constraint. However, the difference from short-term constraints is that the long-term shock effect is less volatile with a poorer influence effect, thus leading to the weaker interaction between them. The structural variance decomposition shows that the impact path of the economic effect of the golf simulation industry is the same for both long-term and short-term effects, which indicates that the golf simulation industry, labor population, and sports industry investment all have a positive contribution on economic growth.
Pharmacologic modulation of intracellular Na+concentration with ranolazine impacts inflammatory response in humans and mice
Authors: Lenz Max , Salzmann Manuel , Ciotu Cosmin I. , Kaun Christoph , Krychtiuk Konstantin A. , Rehberger Likozar Andreja , Sebestjen Miran , Goederle Laura , Rauscher Sabine , Krivaja Zoriza , Binder Christoph J. , Huber Kurt , Hengstenberg Christian , Podesser Bruno K. , Fischer Michael J. M. , Wojta Johann , Hohensinner Philipp J. , Speidl Walter S. 
Published: July 2022

Changes in Ca2+influx during proinflammatory stimulation modulates cellular responses, including the subsequent activation of inflammation. Whereas the involvement of Ca2+has been widely acknowledged, little is known about the role of Na+. Ranolazine, a piperazine derivative and established antianginal drug, is known to reduce intracellular Na+as well as Ca2+levels. In stable coronary artery disease patients (n= 51) we observed reduced levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) 3 mo after the start of ranolazine treatment (n= 25) as compared to the control group. Furthermore, we found that in 3,808 acute coronary syndrome patients of the MERLIN‐TIMI 36 trial, individuals treated with ranolazine (1,934 patients) showed reduced CRP values compared to placebo-treated patients. The antiinflammatory effects of sodium modulation were further confirmed in an atherosclerotic mouse model. LDL−/−mice on a high-fat diet were treated with ranolazine, resulting in a reduced atherosclerotic plaque burden, increased plaque stability, and reduced activation of the immune system. Pharmacological Na+inhibition by ranolazine led to reduced express of adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines and reduced adhesion of leukocytes to activated endothelium both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that functional Na+shuttling is required for a full cellular response to inflammation and that inhibition of Na+influx results in an attenuated inflammatory reaction. In conclusion, we demonstrate that inhibition of Na+–Ca2+exchange during inflammation reduces the inflammatory response in human endothelial cells in vitro, in a mouse atherosclerotic disease model, and in human patients.