bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interfacing PDM MEMS Microphones with PFM Spiking Systems: Application for Neuromorphic Auditory Sensors
Authors: Gutierrez-Galan Daniel , Rios-Navarro Antonio , Dominguez-Morales Juan Pedro , Duran-Lopez Lourdes , Jimenez-Moreno Gabriel , Jimenez-Fernandez Angel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNeuromorphic computation processes sensors output in the spiking domain, which presents constraints in many cases when converting information to spikes, loosing, as example, temporal accuracy. This paper presents a spike-based system to adapt audio information from low-power pulse-density modulation (PDM) microelectromechanical systems microphones into rate coded spike frequencies. These spikes could be directly used by the neuromorphic auditory sensor (NAS) for frequency decomposition in different bands, avoiding the analog or digital conversion to spike streams. This improves the time response of the NAS, allowing its use in more time restrictive applications. This adaptation was conducted in VHDL as an interface for PDM microphones, converting their pulses into temporal distributed spikes following a pulse-frequency modulation scheme with an accurate inter-spike-interval, known as PDM to spikes interface (PSI). We introduce a new architecture of spike-based band-pass filter to reject DC components and distribute spikes in time. This was tested in two scenarios, first as a stand-alone circuit for its characterization, and then integrated with a NAS for verification. The PSI achieves a total harmonic distortion of$$-$$-46.18 dB and a signal-to-noise ratio of 63.47 dB, demands less than 1% of the resources of a Spartan-6 FPGA and its power consumption is around 7 mW.
A method of sequential log-convex programming for engineering design
Authors: Karcher Cody , Haimes Robert 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA method of Sequential Log-Convex Programming (SLCP) is constructed that exploits the log-convex structure present in many engineering design problems. The mathematical structure of Geometric Programming (GP) is combined with the ability of Sequential Quadratic Program (SQP) to accommodate a wide range of objective and constraint functions, resulting in a practical algorithm that can be adopted with little to no modification of existing design practices. Three test problems are considered to demonstrate the SLCP algorithm, comparing it with SQP and the modified Logspace Sequential Quadratic Programming (LSQP). In these cases, SLCP shows up to a 77% reduction in number of iterations compared to SQP, and an 11% reduction compared to LSQP. The airfoil analysis code XFOIL is integrated into one of the case studies to show how SLCP can be used to evolve the fidelity of design problems that have initially been modeled as GP compatible. Finally, a methodology for design based on GP and SLCP is briefly discussed.
Enhancing the information of nonlinear SU(1, 1) quantum systems interacting with a two-level atom
Authors: Abd-Rabbou M. Y. , Ali S. I. , Ahmed M. M. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe effect of nonlinearity, initial atomic state, and different resonance cases on the interaction between nonlinear SU (1, 1) quantum states and a two-level atom is discussed. The optimal behaviours of decoherence, entanglement and quantum coherence are predicted via using the skew information, tomographic entropy, and the relative entropy of coherence, respectively. It is shown that the detuning parameter has a destructive effect on the coherence and consequently on the entanglement if the quantum system is regulated in the ideal SU (1, 1) quantum systems. For the nonlinear SU (1, 1) quantum systems, the ability to suppress the decay of entanglement induced by the detuning may be increased by preparing the initial atomic state in its excited state.
COVID-19 and renal involvement: a prospective cohort study assessing the impact of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection on the kidney function of young healthy males
Authors: Al Rumaihi Khalid , Khalafalla Kareim , Arafa Mohamed , Nair Arun , Al Bishawi Ahmad , Fino Areen , Sirtaj Faheem , Ella Mohamed Khair , ElBardisi Haitham , Khattab Muhammad Abu , Majzoub Ahmad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
COVID-19 frequently affects the kidneys with symptoms ranging from mild proteinuria to progressive acute kidney injury. This prospective study aimed to assess the short- and long-term impact of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 on the renal function of healthy young adults, and to determine the correlation between viral load and kidney function among these patients.

Methods
This was a prospective cohort study conducted over a period of 6 months. Patients were followed-up at baseline, and then after 3 and 6 months, respectively. Real-time PCR cycle threshold (CT) was used to determine the viral load and disease activity. Patients were classified into two groups with either asymptomatic COVID-19 or mild pneumonia. The assessment parameters were variables that could directly or indirectly relate to the renal function.

Results
A total of 48 patients were included and evaluated. The majority of patients (62.5%) had asymptomatic COVID-19 disease. Patients with mild pneumonia had significantly higher serum creatinine (SCr) at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis (beta = 12.836, 95% CI = 2.405–23.268, P = 0.019), after 3 months (beta = 14.345, 95% CI = 1.149–27.542, P = 0.035), and after 6 months (beta = 14.100, 95% CI = 0.730–27.470, P = 0.040) compared to asymptomatic patients. Mild pneumonia was also significantly associated with lower serum albumin level at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis (beta = – 6.317, 95% CI = – 9.448–− 3.185, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Mild COVID-19 is associated with mild renal involvement without AKI. Changes in the renal function appear to be related to reduced creatinine clearance and possible albumin leakage in the acute phase of the disease. The reduction in creatinine clearance is not predicted by viral load, and it appears to be a long-term effect of the disease that can last for at least 6 months.
Assessment toxic effects of exposure to 3-indoleacetic acid via hemato-biochemical, hormonal, and histopathological screening in rats
Authors: Ismail Hager Tarek H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe current study purposed to investigate the 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) possible adverse impacts on hematological parameters, hepatorenal function, cardiac, and skeletal muscles as well as testes of rats and histopathological alterations of respective organs and to determine the extent of reversing any adverse impacts occurred in animals after IAA withdrawal. Rats were exposed orally to 500 mg/kg BW by gastric intubation once daily for 14 days, after which one-half was sacrificed and the remaining half left for a further 14 days without IAA exposure. The exposure of rats to IAA produced anemia, leukopenia, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and a significant increase in activities of serum transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, creatine kinase-myocardial band, creatine kinase-muscle type, and levels of serum creatinine, sodium, chloride, and potassium. Furthermore, serum levels of testosterone, gonadotropins, and leptin significantly declined. The changes in most of measured parameters continued after IAA withdrawal. Histopathological alterations in different tissues supported these changes. In conclusion, subacute exposure to IAA at a high concentration could exert hematotoxicity and toxic effects on many soft organs and its withdrawal led to incomplete recovery of animals. Thus, IAA should be used cautiously as extensive use of it at high concentrations can cause harmful effects on the environment, animals and human beings.
Software multihoming to distal markets: Evidence of cannibalization and complementarity in the video game console industry
Authors: Wiegand Nico , Peers Yuri , Bleier Alexander 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSteady software supply is a crucial driver of platform sales. While publishers benefit from releasing software across multiple platforms to tap a greater market, platform manufacturers often seek exclusive release to differentiate from competitors. Research has examined such software multihoming across competing platforms of the same technology generation (i.e., the proximal market); however, publishers increasingly multihome software to platforms in distal markets. In the video game console industry, these include previous-generation consoles, handhelds, or mobile devices. This study investigates multihoming to distal markets in the seventh and eighth game console generations. Whereas multihoming to previous-generation consoles cannibalizes focal console sales, multihoming to mobile devices exerts complementary effects. Software quality and console age moderate these relationships, with negative spillovers from multihoming to previous-generation consoles being rooted in lower-quality games and games released later in the console’s lifecycle. By contrast, multihoming to mobile devices is most beneficial early on.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Rechallenge After Prior Immune Toxicity
Authors: Bylsma Sophia , Yun Karen , Patel Sandip , Dennis Michael J 
Published: July 2022

Opinion statementImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become an essential part of treatment for many cancer types. These monoclonal antibodies remove a critical negative regulatory signal that allows the immune system to recognize and destroy malignant cells that were previously undetectable. Unfortunately, their use has ushered in a whole new form of drug toxicity whereby the immune system attacks normal tissues in the body, referred to hereafter as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). irAEs are common and can result in treatment discontinuation, hospitalization, and death. When alternative modes of treatment are limited, or considered less efficacious, there may be a desire to resume treatment with ICIs after an irAE. Rechallenge with ICIs carries with it a heightened risk of subsequent toxicity, but with careful consideration and appropriate patient selection, this can be considered a reasonable approach.
Inclisiran: How Widely and When Should We Use It?
Authors: Pirillo Angela , Catapano Alberico Luigi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Plasma levels of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) are causally associated with cardiovascular risk. Reducing LDL-C results in a decreased incidence of cardiovascular events, proportionally to the absolute reduction in LDL-C. The inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK) is a highly effective and safe approach to reducing LDL-C levels. In this review, we discuss the available data on the efficacy and safety of inclisiran, a siRNA targeting PCSK9 and propose a clinical profile for the patients who can benefit the most from this approach.

Recent Findings
Inclisiran is a small interfering RNA targeting the mRNA of PCSK9 specifically in the liver, owing to the conjugation with triantennary N-acetylgalactosamine. Randomized clinical trials have shown that inclisiran provides robust and durable reductions of PCSK9 and LDL-C levels, with a dosing schedule of once every 6 months after the initial and 3-month doses. These effects are consistent in different categories of patients, including patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and/or risk equivalent or patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. Ultimately the administration schedule may improve patients’ compliance given also the favourable safety profile of the drug.

Summary
Completion of ongoing outcome clinical trials will provide information on both the expected clinical benefit and the safety of inclisiran administered for longer.
Autopsy and its role in Franco’s dictatorship: a case of the last Republican mayor of the town Calera y Chozas (Toledo, Spain)
Authors: Šarkić Nataša , Carazo Miriam Saqqa , Ugarte Lucia Muñoz , López Jesús Herrerín 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the town of Calera y Chozas (Spain), five mass graves containing the remains of 28 individuals were discovered during a 2012 excavation. The witnesses and historical evidence indicated that the body of the last Republican mayor of the town, Felipe Fernández Varela, who had died in September 1939, was located in the mass grave designated as no. 1. Within this particular grave, only two bodies were found. Anthropological analysis showed that the first individual was significantly younger than 50 years, being the mayor’s age at the time of death, while the age of the second individual was closer to 50. This second individual had a fractured skull, with a depression on the left parietal bone, and there were unmistakable signs of autopsy, which consisted of cut marks on the frontal bone and the sternal extremity of the right clavicle. Further historical research revealed documents concerning the autopsy performed on this individual. Although, according to the report, the cause of death was a stroke — the consequence of atherosclerosis and alcoholism — no reference was made to the forceful impact to the skull or intracranial bleeding. Considering the size of the fracture on the skull and the fact that there were no signs of bone healing, we believe that this impact, and not the stroke, was the direct cause of the death of the last Republican mayor. The mayor’s case is a clear example of the role forensic medicine performed at the beginning of Franco’s dictatorship. The task was not only to conceal the crime but also to tarnish the victim’s name.
An analysis of child suicide from three centers (2008–2017)
Authors: Olds Kelly L. , Tse Rexson , Stables Simon , Baker Andrew M. , Hird Kathryn , Langlois Neil E. I. , Byard Roger W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Although the overall suicide rate worldwide has changed minimally over the past 100 years, different trends have been observed over time in the USA, Australia, and New Zealand (NZ). However, few studies have focused on suicides in children (< 18 years), making evaluation of possible trends difficult. The last 20 years has also seen an increase in childhood obesity, eating disorders, and body image issues for children in many developed nations; however, few studies have shown whether a significant proportion of child suicides have an abnormal BMI. The current study evaluates child suicides (from 2008 to 2017) in South Australia (Australia), compared with the jurisdictions of Auckland (NZ) and Hennepin County (USA). Demographic data (age, sex, ethnicity), body mass index (BMI), the number of cases of youth suicide, and the method of suicide from these three regions were collected and analyzed. Across the 10-year period, the jurisdiction of Auckland had a downward trend, while Hennepin County and South Australia had increasing numbers of cases. The most common method of child suicide in all centers was hanging, occurring in > 80% of cases in South Australia and Auckland and 56% in Hennepin County. Hennepin County had a greater proportion of suicides using firearms (28%), compared to 1.9% in Auckland and 5.1% in South Australia. Unusual means of suicide were used less frequently by youth than previously.
„Die Last der großen Hoffnungen“ gemeinsam schultern
Authors: Haase Katrin , König Frank 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungIn den Programmen der Bundesregierung gegen Rechtsextremismus und zur Stärkung der Demokratie werden u. a. Beratungsangebote für Betroffene rechter, rassistischer und antisemitischer Gewalt gefördert. Die Frage zu beantworten, was solche Angebote im „Kampf gegen Rechts“ bewirken können (oder auch nicht), ist Aufgabe ihrer wissenschaftlichen Begleitung und Evaluation. Der Beitrag führt kurz in Geschichte und Auftrag der Betroffenenberatung als Angebot in der Sozialen Arbeit ein und stellt anhand sozialräumlicher Interventionen der Berater_innen einen Ausschnitt ihrer wirkungsorientierten Evaluation vor.
Families in quarantine for COVID-19 in Italy. Resilience as a buffer of parental distress and problematic children’s emotions and behaviors
Authors: Pugliese E. , Mosca O. , Paolini D. , Mancini F. , Puntonieri D. , Maricchiolo F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe pandemic of Covid-19 has had a high impact on people’s lives and especially on families. In Italy, in 2020, the several forced closures led families to live indoors to manage anxiety and distress. It was considered appropriate to investigate which protective factors, like parental resilience, can mitigate the negative impact of pandemic-related distress on family life. We have conducted two online surveys during different national lockdowns for Covid-19. The first survey was conducted immediately after the disruption of the virus and the second one after nine months. We measured parental resilience and distress, anxiety, problematic behaviors, and somatization of their children (as assessed by the parents). The aim was to investigate the protective role of parental resilience in mitigating parental distress and in turn problematic emotional states and behavior of their children. Mediation analyses confirmed the hypothesis that parental resilience lowers parental distress and consequently the anxiety and behavioral disorders of their children in both acute distress (first study) and chronic distress (second study) situations. Such results suggest that the improvement of parents’ resilience can buffer the negative impact of pandemic-related parental distress and children’s behavioral problems on both occasions. The need for focused interventions and treatments aimed to reinforce parental resilience is discussed. Targeted prevention and support strategies are needed now, and early in case of future health crises.
Too Much Freshwater, Not Enough, or Just Right? Long-Term Trawl Monitoring Demonstrates the Impact of Canals that Altered Freshwater Flow to Three Bays in SW Florida
Authors: Kendall Matthew S. , Williams Bethany L. , O’Donnell Patrick M. , Jessen Brita , Drevenkar Julie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the impact of anthropogenically altering freshwater flow to estuaries is a growing information need for coastal managers. Due to differences in watershed development, drainage canals, and water control structures, the Ten Thousand Islands area of southwest Florida provides an ecosystem-scale opportunity to investigate the influence of both more, and less, freshwater flow to coastal bays compared to locations with more natural hydrology. Bottom trawl and water quality data spanning 20 years were used to investigate how environmental and hydrological differences among three bays affect community structure of small estuarine fishes. Relationships between fish community structure and salinity and temperature variables were evaluated over timescales from 1 day to 3 months prior to each trawl. Longer-term aspects of temperature (i.e., 2–3 months) exhibited the highest correlations in all bays, suggesting that spawning cycles are the main cause of seasonal changes in fish communities, rather than differences in freshwater flow. Despite major contrasts in watershed manipulation and the seasonal salinity of one bay being much less than the others, the bays differed primarily based on relative abundances of more common species rather than due to unique suites of species being present. Truly freshwater conditions were never detected, and high salinity conditions were experienced in all bays during dry seasons. This likely prevents a community shift to freshwater species. The range in flow characteristics among bays and general similarity in fish communities suggest that conditions will remain within the tolerance of most fishes in all three bays following restoration to more saline conditions.
Validation of material models for sheet metals using new test equipment
Authors: Eder Matthias , Gruber Maximilian , Volk Wolfram 
Published: July 2022

AbstractValidation is an important step after a calibration of models in order to assess their quality. In this work, new test equipment is presented that provides a comprehensive database for validation of material models for numerical analyses using FE simulation in sheet metal forming: the MUC-Test (acronym for Material Under Control). The introduced validation strategy is based on a comparison of experimental results with a numerical representation of the MUC-Test in terms of punch force and major and minor strain. The data comparison approach uses a full-field comparison over a wide range of punch stroke and thus considers the hardening behavior of the models. Extensive parameter studies are performed to investigate numerical, process and material model parameters regarding their influence on the test results. The presented validation method is applied to three materials of different material classes: The microalloyed steel HC340LA, the dual-phase steel DP590HD and the aluminum alloy AA5754. Furthermore, different material models based on the same database are compared for the DP590HD, showing the potential to identify suitable material models for specific requirements. Finally, equivalent material models based on different calibration strategies are compared. In conclusion, it is shown that the MUC-Test can be used to evaluate and compare different material models in terms of their ability to represent real material behavior in an effective and efficient way.
A forecasting model for the porosity variation during the carbonation process
Authors: Bretti Gabriella , Ceseri Maurizio , Natalini Roberto , Ciacchella Maria Carla , Santarelli Maria Laura , Tiracorrendo Giulia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper we introduce a mathematical model of concrete carbonation Portland cement specimens. The main novelty of this work is to describe the intermediate chemical reactions, occurring in the carbonation process of concrete, involving the interplay of carbon dioxide with the water present into the pores. Indeed, the model here proposed, besides describing transport and diffusion processes inside the porous medium, takes into account both fast and slow phenomena as intermediate reactions of the carbonation process. As a model validation, by using the mathematical based simulation algorithm we are able to describe the effects of the interaction between concrete and CO$$_2$$

2

on the porosity of material as shown by the numerical results in substantial accordance with experimental results of accelerated carbonation taken from literature. We also considered a further reaction: the dissolution of calcium carbonate under an acid environment. As a result, a trend inversion in the evolution of porosity can be observed for long exposure times. Such an increase in porosity results in the accessibility of solutions and pollutants within the concrete leading to an higher permeability and diffusivity thus significantly affecting its durability.
Voices in practice: challenges to implementing differentiated instruction by teachers and school leaders in an Australian mainstream secondary school
Authors: Gibbs Kathryn 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the challenges experienced by some Australian school educators in implementing differentiated instruction (DI) at a large secondary school. A small-scale study was conducted using individual, semi-structured interviews with teachers and school leaders. Using thematic analysis, three major themes were identified, namely: teachers’ barriers to implementing DI, school leaders’ constraints to implementing DI, and pre-service to in-service exchanges and sharing about DI. Findings from teachers revealed limited school resources, student behaviour issues and inadequate time for planning and implementation. School leaders also identified time as an impeding factor but also reticence by experienced teachers to use DI. Teacher education courses are not clear about DI as a comprehensive teaching framework suitable for all students. Results highlight the need for further research at the teacher educator, teacher and school leader level to remove existing barriers, constraints, and misunderstandings about DI to ensure maximum learning opportunities for all students.