bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The insulin sensitivity Mcauley index (MCAi) is associated with 40-year cancer mortality in a cohort of men and women free of diabetes at baseline
Authors: Moshkovits Yonatan , Rott David , Chetrit Angela , Dankner Rachel 
Published: August 2022

Background
The association between insulin resistance and cancer-mortality is not fully explored. We investigated the association between several insulin sensitivity indices (ISIs) and cancer-mortality over 3.5 decades in a cohort of adult men and women. We hypothesized that higher insulin resistance will be associated with greater cancer-mortality risk.

Methods
A cohort of 1,612 men and women free of diabetes during baseline were followed since 1979 through 2016 according to level of insulin resistance (IR) for cause specific mortality, as part of the Israel study on Glucose Intolerance, Obesity and Hypertension (GOH). IR was defined according to the Mcauley index (MCAi), calculated by fasting insulin and triglycerides, the Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA), the Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity Index (MISI), and the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI), calculated by plasma glucose and insulin.

Results
Mean age at baseline was 51.5 ± 8.0 years, 804 (49.9%) were males and 871 (54.0%) had prediabetes. Mean follow-up was 36.7±0.2 years and 47,191 person years were accrued. Cox proportional hazard model and competing risks analysis adjusted for age, sex, country of origin, BMI, blood pressure, total cholesterol, smoking and glycemic status, revealed an increased risk for cancer-mortality, HR = 1.5 (95% CI: 1.1–2.0, p = 0.005) for the MCAi Q1 compared with Q2-4. No statistically significant associations were observed between the other ISIs and cancer-mortality.

Conclusion
The MCAi was independently associated with an increased risk for cancer-mortality in adult men and women free of diabetes and should be further studied as an early biomarker for cancer risk.
Intra-language: the study of L2 morpheme productivity as within-item variance
Authors: Rastelli Stefano 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article suggests a method to appraise L2 morphemes productivity in longitudinal learner data. Traditionally, morpheme productivity is believed to depend on type frequency and on proportion between inflected and uninflected lexemes. However, such measures cannot distinguish between rote-learning and rule-learning of target-like forms. In contrast, the association measure ΔP (delta pi) can quantify the extent to which a morpheme is contingent upon a limited number of lexemes. Decreasing contingency might parallel learners’ increasing awareness of asymmetrical morpheme-lexeme distribution in the input and this might be a cue of developing L2 grammatical competence beyond appearances. The paper presents the rationale and procedure for analyzing within-item variance – or the ‘intra-language’ – and illustrates a case-study concerning the perfective morpheme in L2 Italian.
On split twisted inner derivation triple systems with no restrictions on their 0-root spaces
Authors: Cao Yan , Luo Fang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the structure of arbitrary split twisted inner derivation triple systems. We obtain a sufficient condition for the decomposition of arbitrary twisted inner derivation triple system

T

{\mathscr{T}}

which is of the form

T
=
U
+

∑

[

θ

]

∈

Λ

T

/

∼

I

[

θ

]

{\mathscr{T}}=U+{\sum }_{\left[\theta ]\in {\Lambda }^{{\mathscr{T}}}\text{/} \sim }{I}_{\left[\theta ]}

with

U

U

a subspace of

T

0

{{\mathscr{T}}}_{0}

and any

I

[

θ

]

{I}_{\left[\theta ]}

a well-described ideal of

T

{\mathscr{T}}

, satisfying

{

I

[

θ

]

,
T
,

I

[

η

]

}

\left\{{I}_{\left[\theta ]},{\mathscr{T}},{I}_{\left[\eta ]}\right\}

=

{

I

[

θ

]

,

I

[

η

]

,
T

}

\left\{{I}_{\left[\theta ]},{I}_{\left[\eta ]},{\mathscr{T}}\right\}

=

{

T
,

I

[

θ

]

,

I

[

η

]

}

\left\{{\mathscr{T}},{I}_{\left[\theta ]},{I}_{\left[\eta ]}\right\}

=

{

I

[

θ

]

,
T
,

I

[

η

]

}

′

\left\{{I}_{\left[\theta ]},{\mathscr{T}},{I}_{\left[\eta ]}\right\}^{\prime}

=

{

I

[

θ

]

,

I

[

η

]

,
T

}

′

\left\{{I}_{\left[\theta ]},{I}_{\left[\eta ]},{\mathscr{T}}\right\}^{\prime}

=

{

T
,

I

[

θ

]

,

I

[

η

]

}

′
=
0

\left\{{\mathscr{T}},{I}_{\left[\theta ]},{I}_{\left[\eta ]}\right\}^{\prime} =0

if

[

θ

]

≠

[

η

]

\left[\theta ]\ne \left[\eta ]

. In particular, a necessary and sufficient condition for the simplicity of the triple system is given.
Approximate bounding of mixing time for multiple-step Gibbs samplers
Authors: Spade David 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMarkov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are important in a variety of statistical applications that require sampling from intractable probability distributions. Among the most common MCMC algorithms is the Gibbs sampler. When an MCMC algorithm is used, it is important to have an idea of how long it takes for the chain to become “close” to its stationary distribution. In many cases, there is high autocorrelation in the output of the chain, so the output needs to be thinned so that an approximate random sample from the desired probability distribution can be obtained by taking a state of the chain everyhsteps in a process calledh-thinning. This manuscript extends the work of [D. A. Spade, Estimating drift and minorization coefficients for Gibbs sampling algorithms, Monte Carlo Methods Appl. 27 2021, 3, 195–209] by presenting a computational approach to obtaining an approximate upper bound on the mixing time of theh-thinned Gibbs sampler.
Crystal structure of N,N'-bis(4-fluoro-salicylaldehyde)-3,6-dioxa-1,8-diaminooctane, C20H22F2N2O4
Authors: Zhao Ji-Xing , Wang Xiao-Jun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
C20H22F2N2O4, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 4.7005(2) Å, b = 10.2279(3) Å, c = 10.9917(3) Å, α = 63.1510(10)°, β = 83.369(2)°, γ = 83.014(2)°, V = 466.88(3) Å3, Z = 1, Rgt
(F) = 0.0361, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1018, T = 173.0 K.
Good Life, Brave Death, and Earned Immortality: Features of a Neglected Ancient Virtue Discourse
Authors: Yli-Karjanmaa Sami , Uusimäki Elisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article examines early Jewish ideas of virtue that are usually ignored in presentations of the history of virtue discourse. We analyze the use of the Greek term ἀρετή in the Apocrypha of the Septuagint; all the occurrences of the term are in texts that were originally composed in Greek. We argue that the discussion on virtues – ideal human qualities and ways of living – in the Apocrypha has three thematic foci: (1) training, (2) courage, and (3) suffering and itspostmortemrewards. Virtue prepares one to live well, encounter grave difficulties and even death with courage, and, finally, earn eternal life. We argue that it is implicit that virtuous Jews surpass, in ways that differ depending on the text, their more-or-less openly Greek antagonists who fail the virtue ideals that they would culturally be expected to uphold. Through their words and deeds, the exemplary Jews demonstrate that true virtue comes from a steadfast commitment to the Jewish tradition and the Mosaic law. Being a good Jew involves training that manifests itself in various desirable traits, but it also means acknowledging the divinity of the Jewish law as the basis of both the good life and thepostmortemconsequences of virtue.
A Field Guide to Oil in Santa Barbara: Pedagogy and Practice for Environmental Media Studies
Authors: Roehl Emily , Gerson Sage 
Published: August 2022

During fall 2018, a multidisciplinary cohort of graduate students participated in a course conducted by professors Javiera Barandiarán and Mona Damluji as part of the Mellon Sawyer Seminar on Energy Justice in Global Perspective at the University of California, Santa Barbara. For their final project, the students worked in groups to conduct place-based, site-specific research on the history and politics of oil in Santa Barbara County. Each group led a tour of a site significant to the history of oil in the region and produced a digital portfolio that contained contemporary and archival images, scans of archival documents, and observational site descriptions. The digital portfolios they compiled were then used to create the multimedia narrative and map A Field Guide to Oil in Santa Barbara. This essay contextualizes the Field Guide within the dominant narratives of oil in the Santa Barbara region, which attempt to contain oil as a naturally occurring substance of the past and not an ongoing part of the area’s role in global systems of oil extraction and capital. This collaboratively written introductory essay is at once a pedagogical reflection and a critical assessment of the field guide as a form of practice in environmental media studies. Over the past decade, field guides of various kinds have emerged across the humanities as hybrid artistic/academic projects, as outcomes of activist scholarship, and as provocations for site-responsive knowledge production. Field guides have also been used by governments and extractive industries to survey, categorize, and lay claim to resources. While acknowledging its experimental nature, this essay explores how the Field Guide is a model for interdisciplinary pedagogy and practice in environmental media studies.
Evidence for Global Health Care Interventions for Preterm or Low Birth Weight Infants: An Overview of Systematic Reviews
Authors: Edmond Karen , Strobel Natalie 
Published: August 2022

CONTEXTTwenty-four research questions (framed as population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes) for global health care interventions for preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants were identified at a World Health Organization guideline development group expert meeting in December 2020.OBJECTIVETo describe which systematic reviews had addressed these research questions in the last 3 years.DATA SOURCESMedline (Ovid); the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; the Cochrane Database of Systematic Review Protocols; and the PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews databases from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021 were used.Randomized controlled trials or observational studies. Two reviewers independently extracted data.RESULTSWe found 9 systematic reviews. Eight reviews of 121 studies and 25 465 preterm or LBW infants published in the last 36 months “fully” addressed 8 of our 24 research questions (donor human milk, multicomponent fortifier, formula milk, probiotics, emollients, continuous positive airways pressure [CPAP] any, CPAP early, CPAP prophylactic); and 1 systematic review found no trials (mother’s own milk). All received a “high” AMSTAR quality rating. Fifteen research questions (kangaroo mother care, early initiation, responsive feeding, advancement, exclusive breastfeeding duration, iron, zinc, vitamin D, vitamin A, calcium and phosphorous, multiple micronutrients, CPAP pressure source, methyl xanthines, family involvement, and family support) had no systematic review. Limitations include that we restricted our search to those interventions identified as a priority at a World Health Organization scoping meeting. Other interventions that may be of importance to preterm or LBW infants were not able to be considered.CONCLUSIONSAlmost a third of our research questions were addressed by high quality systematic reviews. We found gaps in thermal care, feeding, and familysupport interventions, which need to be addressed.
Fast Feed Advancement for Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Wen-Chien , Fogel Alexandra , Lauria Molly E. , Ferguson Kacey , Smith Emily R. 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESFast feed advancement may reduce hospital stay and infection but may increase adverse outcomes in preterm and low birth weight infants. The objective of this study was to assess effects of fast feed advancement (≥30 ml/kg per day) compared with slow feed advancement (&lt;30 ml/kg per day) in preterm and low birth weight infants.METHODSData sources include Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Index Medicus through June 30, 2021. Randomized trials were selected. Primary outcomes were mortality, morbidity, growth, and neurodevelopment. Data were extracted and pooled using random-effects models. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool was used.RESULTSA total of 12 RCTs with 4291 participants were included. At discharge, there was moderate certainty evidence that fast advancement likely slightly reduces the risk of: mortality (relative risk [RR] 0.93, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.73 to 1.18, I2 = 18%, 11 trials, 4132 participants); necrotizing enterocolitis (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.15, I2 = 0%, 12 trials, 4291 participants); sepsis (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.03, I2 = 0%, 9 trials, 3648 participants); and feed intolerance (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.10, I2 = 0%, 8 trials, 1114 participants). Fast feed advancement may also reduce the risk of apnea (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.12, I2 = 0%, low certainty, 2 trials, 153 participants). Fast feed advancement decreases time to regain birth weight (mean difference [MD] −3.69 days, 95% CI −4.44 to −2.95, I2 = 70%, high certainty, 6 trials, 993 participants,) and likely reduces the duration of hospitalization (MD −3.08 days, 95% CI −4.34 to −1.81, I2 = 77%, moderate certainty, 7 trials, 3864 participants). Limitations include heterogeneity between studies and small sample sizes.CONCLUSIONSFast feed advancement reduces time to regain birth weight and likely reduces the length of hospital stay; it also likely reduces the risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality slightly. However, it may increase the risk of neurodevelopmental disability slightly. More studies are needed to understand the long-term effects of fast feed advancement.
Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of probable cases of congenital Zika syndrome and dengue antibody levels, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
Authors: Cardenas Victor Manuel , Moreno-Perez Jazmin , Cabrera-Besares Karla , Moreno-Lara Iris F , Morales-Arias Sabino , Salvatierra-Izaba Benito Ernesto , Gomez Victor De Dios , Palermo Pedro , Obergozo Jeanette , Watts Douglas M. 
Published: August 2022

A case series of suspected cases of congenital Zika syndrome in a maternity hospital in Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico was assembled to assess why they were not reported and explore the hypothesis of dengue antibody dependent Zika disease. Clinical and imaging records, and interviews of a total of 13 of the cases revealed that only one of them was laboratory confirmed because appropriate specimens were not collected from the newborns as required by the case definition. 1) Microcephaly, 2) hypoplasia/hypogeneses, thinning or absence of brain structures, 3) multiple birth defects, 4) calcifications, and cysts, 5) meningocele/encephalocele and 6) hydrocephalus were found in 100%, 76.9%, 38.5%, 38.5%, 30.8%, and 23.1%, respectively. They clustered geographically, and 77% occurred within May 2016 to March 2017, and recalled or were told by a doctor they Zika fever. Using as referent a group of mothers who delivered normal newborns in the same hospital, and an 80% plaque reduction neutralization test for dengue virus 1 and 2, there was a four-fold increased risk of congenital Zika syndrome among those with dengue 1 antibody as compared to those with dengue 2 antibody (odds ratio = 3.6; 95% confidence interval: 0.7, 20.5), reaching only borderline statistical significance. The case definitions of congenital Zika syndrome used during the pandemic probably needed to be simpler to gain sensitivity.
Material extrusion additive manufacturing of dense pastes consisting of macroscopic particles
Authors: Marnot Alexandra , Dobbs Alexandra , Brettmann Blair 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing of dense pastes, those with greater than 50 vol% particles, via material extrusion direct ink write is a promising method to produce customized structures for high-performance materials, such as energetic materials and pharmaceuticals, as well as to enable the use of waste or other locally available particles. However, the high volume fraction and the large sizes of the particles for these applications lead to significant challenges in developing inks and processing methods to prepare quality parts. In this prospective, we analyze challenges in managing particle characteristics, stabilizing the suspensions, mixing the particles and binder, and 3D printing the pastes.
Graphical abstract
Cambrian and Recent disparity: the picture from priapulids
Authors: Wills Matthew A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn understanding of several macroevolutionary trends has been greatly advanced in recent years by a focus on disparity (morphological variety) rather than taxic diversity. A seminal issue has been the nature of the Cambrian Radiation, and the question of whether problematical Cambrian fossils embody a range of anatomical design far exceeding that observed thereafter. Arthropods have hitherto furnished the only case study, revealing comparable levels of Cambrian and Recent disparity. The generality of this observation needs to be tested in other groups, and the priapulid worms provide a well-documented example. Cladistic analysis of morphological characters for priapulids reveals a paraphyletic series of Cambrian taxa below a crown-group of post-Cambrian genera. However, one extant family (the Tubiluchidae) may be more closely related to Cambrian forms or resolve basally. Character-based morphospace analysis demonstrates greater disparity amongst Recent taxa than amongst their Cambrian counterparts. There is relatively little overlap between the regions of morphospace occupied by Cambrian and Recent genera (contrasting with the situation in arthropods). The Tubiluchidae are morphologically intermediate between Cambrian and other Recent families using several measures of phenetic proximity, and they inhabit environments more comparable with their Cambrian cousins. This work confirms the extensive morphological diversification of major clades by the Cambrian but lends no support to models of a post-Cambrian “decimation” of disparity.
A “rays-as-appendages” model for the origin of pentamerism in echinoderms
Authors: Hotchkiss Frederick H. C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA new hypothesis concerning the evolutionary origin of pentameral symmetry in echinoderms is presented. The BA-A-BA pattern of Lovén's law in echinoids and the 2-1-2 symmetry of the edrioasteroidStromatocystitesappear to be morphogenetically related, and this pattern appears to be locked into development. This pattern may have originated from a unirayed 0-1-0, —A—, ancestor. I propose that a duplication of the uniray occurred and resulted in the addition of a pair of rays that followed Bateson's rules of symmetry to form a three-rayed 0-1-2, —A-BA, construction. This change occurred on the side that corresponds to the left side of the organism. This event made the individual asymmetric with respect to its anterior-posterior axis. Therefore I propose that morphogenetic regulation of bilaterality of the organism then led to homeotic expression of a mirror-image pair of rays on the opposite side. These two morphogenetic steps achieved the 2-1-2, BA-A-BA pattern. “Appendage status” of rays is assumed necessary to invoke the Batesonian mirror-image duplications of the model.Three robust morphological characters emerge from the “rays-as-appendages” model: (1) 2-1-2, BAo-A-BA, organization; (2) “locked-in” pentamerism; and (3) a 2-3 pattern of right and left rays. Results based on ray homology research are presented for echinoids, asteroids, ophiuroids, edrioasteroids, ophiocistioids, and holothurians. I speculate that helicoplacoids may have 0-1-2 triradiate construction, and that solutes may have 0-1-0 uniray construction. The model has limits; it does not explain 1-1, or 2-1, or 2-2 or 1-1-1 organization of ambulacra.
«Сознательные» родители и пациенты: что изучают на курсах подготовки к родам
Authors: Ожиганова Анна 
Published: August 2022

Практика обучения беременных женщин на специальных курсах приобретает все большую популярность в связи с широким распространением сознательного родительства. Подготовка к родам выполняет множество различных функций: получение информации, физическую тренировку, гендерную социализацию, общение, психологическую настройку и пр. В статье на основе полевых материалов, включающих интервью с женщинами и инструкторами, а также данных включенного наблюдения рассматриваются различные стили подготовки к родам, представленные в родительских центрах. Концепция авторитетного знания о беременности и родах позволяет провести анализ знания, которое производится и передается в рамках подготовки к родам и охарактеризовать его как своеобразный синтез (био)медицинского и альтернативного знания, в том числе опытного знания индивидуальных (домашних) акушерок. Этот подход также обращает внимание на форму распределения авторитетного знания, обусловленную характером взаимоотношений между акторами – горизонтальными (партнерскими) или иерархичными (патерналистскими). Автор приходит к выводу о существовании нескольких моделей подготовки к родам, которые условно можно обозначить как радикальный, неолиберальный, традиционалистский и рефлексивный. Радикальный вариант подготовки, восходящий к модели, сложившейся в среде альтернативных родителей в 1980–1990‑е гг., использует риторику личной ответственности женщины за исход родов и не рассматривает беременных женщин как пациенток. Неолиберальная модель, тесно связанная с идеологией интенсивного материнства, ориентируется прежде всего на экспертное знание врачей, но также на знание профессиональных акушерок и руководителей курсов подготовки к родам. Традиционалистский подход апеллирует к патриархатным семейным ценностям и гендерным ролям, и стремится к воссозданию атмосферы расширенной семьи и доброжелательному общению в «женском круге». В рамках рефлексивного подхода предпочтение отдается психологическим и медитативным практикам, подготовка к родам позиционируется как творческий проект самой женщины, в который вкладываются важные смыслы.
IEEHR: Improved Energy Efficient Honeycomb based Routing in MANET for Improving Network Performance and Longevity
Authors: J Martin Sahayaraj , Dr.N.C. Sendhil Kumar , Dr. P. Mukunthan , N Tamilarasan , S Jaya Pratha 
Published: August 2022

In present scenario, efficient energy conservation has been the greatest focus in Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs). Typically, the energy consumption rate of dense networks is to be reduced by proper topological management. Honeycomb based model is an efficient parallel computing technique, which can manage the topological structures in a promising manner. Moreover, discovering optimal routes in MANET is the most significant task, to be considered with energy efficiency. With that motive, this paper presents a model called Improved Energy Efficient Honeycomb based Routing (IEEHR) in MANET. The model combines the Honeycomb based area coverage with Location-Aided Routing (LAR), thereby reducing the broadcasting range during the process of path finding. In addition to optimal routing, energy has to be effectively utilized in MANET, since the mobile nodes have energy constraints. When the energy is effectively consumed in a network, the network performance and the network longevity will be increased in respective manner. Here, more amount of energy is preserved during the sleeping state of the mobile nodes, which are further consumed during the process of optimal routing. The designed model has been implemented and analyzed with NS-2 Network Simulator based on the performance factors such as Energy Efficiency, Transmission Delay, Packet Delivery Ratio and Network Lifetime.