bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a cost‐effective virtual reality educational tool to reduce anxiety and improve set‐up accuracy in radiotherapy patients
Authors: Zhao Qianfeng , Liu Bo , Sun Qiushi , Jin Yiqiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study proposes a cost‐effective method for educating radiotherapy patients through an immersive virtual reality (VR) system.MethodsThe VR educational tool comprises VR glasses, a handheld controller, the scientific knowledge of radiotherapy, radiotherapy demonstration, and an audio introduction. To verify its efficacy, 120 radiotherapy patients with tumors were prospectively enrolled and divided into the control group or VR intervention group. After the first treatment, set‐up errors, including three translation errors and three rotation errors, were recorded in six directions. In addition, participants were required to complete a questionnaire before radiotherapy to assess anxiety and understanding degrees. The questionnaire was scored using a five‐point Likert Scale. Finally, Spearman's rank correlation test was used to evaluate set‐up errors and questionnaire scores.ResultsThe set‐up errors are significantly reduced in AP, SI, total translation, Roll and total rotation in the intervention group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The scores are higher in the intervention group than in the control group in question 1 (2.1 ± 0.58 vs. 3.3 ± 0.55), question 2 (1.3 ± 0.44 vs. 2.5 ± 0.65), question 4 (2.2 ± 0.65 vs. 3.2 ± 0.82), question 5 (1.8 ± 0.59 vs. 3.1 ± 0.79), and all subscales (5.5 ± 1.2 vs. 8.9 ± 1.3 and 6.4 ± 1.3 vs. 9.2 ± 1.5). The scores of high, moderate, and low correlation are 47 (74%), 15 (23%), and 2 (3%) for the control group and 44 (69%), 17 (26%), and 3 (5%) for the intervention group, respectively.ConclusionThe VR educational tool can significantly improve comprehension and reduce anxiety. There is a strong correlation between set‐up errors and questionnaire scores. The VR educational tool may help reduce set‐up errors for radiotherapy patients.
Clinical decisions by the molecular tumor board on comprehensive genomic profiling tests in Japan: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Shirota Hidekazu , Komine Keigo , Takahashi Masanobu , Takahashi Shin , Miyauchi Eisaku , Niizuma Hidetaka , Tada Hiroshi , Shimada Muneaki , Niihori Tetsuya , Aoki Yoko , Sugiyama Ikuko , Kawamura Maako , Yasuda Jun , Suzuki Shuhei , Iwaya Takeshi , Saito Motonobu , Saito Tsuyoshi , Shibata Hiroyuki , Furukawa Toru , Ishioka Chikashi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundA paradigm shift has occurred in cancer chemotherapy from tumor‐specific treatment with cytotoxic agents to personalized medicine with molecular‐targeted drugs. Thus, it is essential to identify genomic alterations and molecular features to recommend effective targeted molecular medicines regardless of the tumor site. Nevertheless, it takes considerable expertise to identify treatment targets from primary‐sequencing data in order to provide drug recommendations. The Molecular Tumor Board (MTB) denotes a platform that integrates clinical and molecular features for clinical decisions.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyses all the cases of discussion and decision at the MTB in Tohoku University Hospital and summarizes genetic alterations and treatment recommendations.ResultsThe MTB discussed 1003 comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) tests conducted in patients with solid cancer, and the resulting rate of assessing treatment recommendations was approximately 19%. Among hundreds of genes in the CGP test, only 30 genetic alterations or biomarkers were used to make treatment recommendations. The leading biomarkers that led to treatment recommendations were tumor mutational burden‐high (TMB‐H) (n = 32), ERBB2 amplification (n = 24), BRAF V600E (n = 16), and BRCA1/2 alterations (n = 32). Thyroid cancer accounted for most cancer cases for which treatment recommendation was provided (81.3%), followed by non‐small cell lung cancer (42.4%) and urologic cancer (31.3%). The number of tests performed for gastrointestinal cancers was high (n = 359); however, the treatment recommendations for the same were below average (13%).ConclusionThe results of this study may be used to simplify treatment recommendations from the CGP reports and help select patients for testing, thereby increasing the accuracy of personalized medicine.
Efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors as second‐line and subsequent therapy in advanced small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Yu Lian , Xu Jianlin , Qiao Rong , Han Baohui , Zhong Hua , Zhong Runbo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesTreatments for advanced small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients who are resistant to first‐line chemotherapy are limited. Given that antiangiogenic agents and immune‐checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can confer synergistic therapeutic benefits, combination therapy should be considered. We explored the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with anlotinib and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1)/programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) inhibitors as second‐line and subsequent therapy for advanced SCLC.Materials and MethodsWe reviewed advanced SCLC patients at Shanghai Chest Hospital who had received anlotinib in combination with ICIs from November 2016 to November 2020 as second‐ and subsequent‐line treatment. Patients with advanced SCLC who had received paclitaxel monotherapy as second‐line treatment were included as the control group.ResultsA total of 141 patients were included in the final analysis (40 in the combination therapy group and 101 in the paclitaxel monotherapy group). The median progression‐free survival (PFS) times for the combination therapy and paclitaxel monotherapy groups were 3.40 and 2.83 months (p = 0.022), respectively, while the median overall survival (OS) times for the combination therapy and paclitaxel monotherapy groups were 8.20 and 5.87 months (p = 0.048), respectively. Hypertension and hepatic dysfunction were the most pronounced adverse events of combination therapy and two patients changed regimens due to severe fatigue and anorexia.ConclusionThe combination of anlotinib and PD‐1/PD‐L1 blockade has promising efficacy and safety as a second‐line or subsequent therapy for SCLC.
Erythrocyte‐Like Single Crystal α‐Fe2O3 Anode Synthesized by Facile One‐Step Hydrothermal Method for Lithium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Wu Jiakui , Zhang Penglin , Chen Xiujuan , Wang Youliang , Zhang Quanwen , Yu Shurong , Wu Mingliang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTransition metal oxides Fe2O3 as lithium‐ion battery anode has aroused intense interest as a result of its high capacity (1007 mA h g−1). Nevertheless, the significant volume expansion during the cycling procession causes its capacity to decay sharply as the anode of lithium‐ion battery. The size and morphology of materials are important factors improving the stability of electrode materials. However, most of the excellent morphology design needs complex processes. The single‐crystalline erythrocyte‐like α‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles are synthesized by one‐step hydrothermal method to improve the electrochemical properties of the α‐Fe2O3 anode, and the Li+ storage kinetics of the erythrocyte‐like α‐Fe2O3 anode are investigated. As a lithium‐ion battery anode material, the erythrocyte‐like α‐Fe2O3 anode exhibits an eminent reversible capacity of 1200.2 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C after 100 cycles. In comparison to raw α‐Fe2O3, the erythrocyte‐like α‐Fe2O3 performs with a better rate property. The special morphological design can effectively improve the stability of α‐Fe2O3 electrode materials.
A Review of One‐Dimensional Nanomaterials as Electrode Materials for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysis
Authors: Zeng Qiang , Deng Nanping , Wang Shuaishuai , Luo Shengbin , Wang Gang , Gao Hongjing , Li Yanan , Wang Hao , Cheng Bowen , Kang Weimin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn fuel cells, the generally low oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) rate at the cathode is a major factor limiting the overall performance of fuel cell, so the development of high‐performance, stable and inexpensive ORR electrocatalysts is a major researching direction. Nano‐electrocatalysts, especially one‐dimensional (1D) electrocatalysts, exhibit good catalytic behavior in fuel cell reactions due to their unique anisotropic structure, large specific surface area, high elasticity and excellent stability. To date, many advanced 1D electrocatalysts have been reported for optimizing the cathode ORR of fuel cells. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the structural design of 1D nano‐electrocatalysts and a systematic analysis of their enhanced performance still need further summarized and concluded. In this review, we firstly introduce the main synthetic methods of 1D electrocatalysts, and then discuss the recent advances and advantages of different structured 1D electrocatalysts involving nanofibers, nanotubes, nanorods, nanochains, nanowires, nanobelts, nanoneedles, nanowhiskers, and coaxial nanocables. In addition, we also introduce 1D electrocatalysts while highlighting advanced strategies and preparation methods for these different structured 1D electrocatalysts to improve ORR performance. Finally, we prospect the future development of 1D ORR electrocatalysts.
Tuning the Roundabout of Four‐Point‐Star Tiles with the Core Arm Length of Three Half‐Turns for 2D DNA Arrays
Authors: Li Shijie , Wang Yantong , Ge Wei , Zhang Wei , Lu Biao , Feng Feiyang , Ni Caihong , Xiao Shou‐Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBy rationally adjusting the weaving modes of point‐star tiles, the curvature inherent in the tiles can be changed, and various DNA nanostructures can be assembled, such as planar wireframe meshes, perforated wireframe tubes, and curved wireframe polyhedra. Based on the weaving and tiling architectures for traditional point‐star tiles with the core arm length at two DNA half‐turns, we improved the weaving modes of our newly reported four‐point‐star tiles with the core arm length at three half‐turns to adjust their curvature and rigidity for assembling 2D arrays of DNA grids and tubes. Following our previous terms and methods to analyze the structural details of E‐tiling tubes, we used the chiral indices (n,m) to describe the most abundant tube of typical assemblies; especially, we applied both one‐locus and/or dual‐locus biotin/streptavidin (SA) labelling strategies to define the configurations of two specific tubes, along with the absolute conformations of their component tiles. Such structural details of the DNA tubes composed of tiles with addressable concave and convex faces and packing directions should help us understand their physio‐chemical and biological properties, and therefore promote their applications in drug delivery, biocatalysis, biomedicine, etc.
Comparative cost‐effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens for muscle‐invasive bladder cancer: Results according to VESPER data
Authors: Joyce Daniel D. , Wymer Kevin M. , Sharma Vidit , Moriarty James P. , Borah Bijan J. , Geynisman Daniel M. , Plimack Elizabeth R. , Costello Brian A. , Pagliaro Lance C. , Boorjian Stephen A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe VESPER trial demonstrated improved progression‐free (PFS) and (preliminarily) overall survival (OS) with six cycles of neoadjuvant dose‐dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (ddMVACx6) versus four cycles of gemcitabine and cisplatin (GCx4) before radical cystectomy (RC) for muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), but with increased toxicity. This study compares the cost‐effectiveness of these regimens.MethodsA cost‐effectiveness analysis of neoadjuvant ddMVACx6 and GCx4 was performed using a decision‐analytic Markov model with 5‐year, 10‐year, and lifetime horizons. Probabilities were derived from reported VESPER data. Utility values were obtained from the literature. Primary outcomes were effectiveness measured in quality‐adjusted life years (QALY) and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) with a willingness to pay threshold of $100,000 per QALY. One‐way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the model.ResultsAt 5 years, ddMVACx6 improved QALYs by 0.30 at an additional cost of $16,100, rendering it cost‐effective relative to GCx4 (ICER: $53,284/QALY). Additionally, probabilistic sensitivity analysis found ddMVACx6 to be cost‐effective in 79% and 81% of microsimulations at10‐year and lifetime horizons, respectively. One‐way sensitivity analysis demonstrated a minimum difference in 5‐year progression of 0.9% and progression mortality of 0.7% between ddMVACx6 and GCx4 was necessary for ddMVACx6 to remain cost‐effective.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant ddMVACx6 was more cost‐effective than GCx4 for MIBC. These data, together with the improved PFS and (albeit preliminary) OS noted in VESPER, support use of this regimen in appropriate candidates for neoadjuvant chemotherapy before RC.Lay summary

We performed a benefit‐to‐cost analysis using evidence from a randomized controlled trial that compared two different chemotherapy treatments before bladder removal for bladder cancer that had invaded into the bladder muscle.

Despite being more expensive and having a greater likelihood of toxicity, six cycles of dose‐dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin was more cost‐effective (or had higher value) than four cycles of gemcitabine and cisplatin.
Cooperative induction of receptor tyrosine kinases contributes to adaptive MAPK drug resistance in melanoma through the PI3K pathway
Authors: Alver Tine Norman , Heintz Karen‐Marie , Hovig Eivind , Bøe Sigurd L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVemurafenib‐induced drug resistance in melanoma has been linked to receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) upregulation. The MITF and SOX10 genes play roles as master regulators of melanocyte and melanoma development. Here, we aimed to explore the complex mechanisms behind the MITF/SOX10‐controlled RTK‐induced drug resistance in melanoma. To achieve this, we used a number of molecular techniques, including melanoma patient data from TCGA, vemurafenib‐resistant melanoma cell lines, and knock‐down studies. The melanoma cell lines were classified as proliferative or invasive based upon their MITF/AXL expression activity. We measured the change of expression activity for MITF/SOX10 and their receptor (AXL/ERBB3) and ligand (NRG1/GAS6) targets known to be involved in RTK‐induced drug resistance after vemurafenib treatment. We find that melanoma cell lines characterized as proliferative (high MITF low AXL), transform into an invasive (low MITF, high AXL) cell state after vemurafenib resistance, indicating novel feedback loops and advanced compensatory regulation mechanisms between the master regulators, receptors, and ligands involved in vemurafenib‐induced resistance. Together, our data disclose fine‐tuned mechanisms involved in RTK‐facilitated vemurafenib resistance that will be challenging to overcome by using single drug targeting strategies against melanoma.
An interval type‐2 fuzzy ontological model: Predicting water quality from sensory data
Authors: Hooda Diksha , Rani Rinkle 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYWith the advent of break‐through sensing technology, performing data capturing and analysis for knowledge engineering has become more opportunistic. The task of efficiently analyzing sensor based data for effective decision making poses a significant challenge. Conventional prediction and recommender systems lack comprehensive analysis of all parameters and aspects, thus compromising prediction results. At the decision‐making level, traditional knowledge driven prediction systems deploy classical ontology for knowledge representation and analysis. However, classical ontologies are not considered as powerful tools due to their inability to handle vagueness in data for real‐world applications. On the contrary, fuzzy ontology deals with the issue of hazy and uncertain data for effective analysis to give promising results. This work presents interval type 2 fuzzy ontological knowledge model that predicts water quality of sensor based water samples and providing solutions with respect to the corresponding quality state. The proposed knowledge model constitutes of two newly developed ontologies: water sensor observations ontology (crisp ontology to model sensor observational data) and water quality ontology (interval type 2 fuzzy ontology for modeling the water quality prediction process). The inference mechanism is based on interval type‐2 fuzzy partitioning and computation. Besides water quality prediction and providing solutions, the proposed model handles the issue of interoperability and exchange of consensual knowledge among multiple disciplines. The proposed knowledge model is validated with real‐life water sensor based parameterized data captured from various geographically dispersed monitoring stations with approximately 50,000 samples at each station.
Using machine learning enabled phenotyping to characterize nodulation in three early vegetative stages in soybean
Authors: Carley Clayton N. , Zubrod Melinda J. , Dutta Somak , Singh Asheesh K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe symbiotic relationship between soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] roots and bacteria (Bradyrhizobium japonicum) lead to the development of nodules, important legume root structures where atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is fixed into bio‐available ammonia (NH3) for plant growth and development. With the recent development of the Soybean Nodule Acquisition Pipeline (SNAP), nodules can more easily be quantified and evaluated for genetic diversity and growth patterns across unique soybean root system architectures. We explored six diverse soybean genotypes across three field year combinations in three early vegetative stages of development and report the unique relationships between soybean nodules in the taproot and non‐taproot growth zones of diverse root system architectures of these genotypes. We found unique growth patterns in the nodules of taproots showing genotypic differences in how nodules grew in count, size, and total nodule area per genotype compared to non‐taproot nodules. We propose that nodulation should be defined as a function of both nodule count and individual nodule area resulting in a total nodule area per root or growth regions of the root. We also report on the relationships between the nodules and total nitrogen in the seed at maturity, finding a strong correlation between the taproot nodules and final seed nitrogen at maturity. The applications of these findings could lead to an enhanced understanding of the plant‐Bradyrhizobium relationship and exploring these relationships could lead to leveraging greater nitrogen use efficiency and nodulation carbon to nitrogen production efficiency across the soybean germplasm.
Emerging role of IκBζ in inflammation: Emphasis on psoriasis
Authors: Gautam Preeti , Maenner Sylvain , Cailotto Frédéric , Reboul Pascal , Labialle Stéphane , Jouzeau Jean‐Yves , Bourgaud Frédéric , Moulin David 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting skin and joints that results from immunological dysfunction such as enhanced IL‐23 induced Th‐17 differentiation. IkappaB‐Zeta (IκBζ) is an atypical transcriptional factor of the IκB protein family since, contrary to the other family members, it positively regulates NF‐κB pathway by being exclusively localized into the nucleus. IκBζ deficiency reduces visible manifestations of experimental psoriasis by diminishing expression of psoriasis‐associated genes. It is thus tempting to consider IκBζ as a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis as well as for other IL23/IL17‐mediated inflammatory diseases. In this review, we will discuss the regulation of expression of NFKBIZ and its protein IκBζ, its downstream targets, its involvement in pathogenesis of multiple disorders with emphasis on psoriasis and evidences supporting that inhibition of IκBζ may be a promising alternative to current therapeutic managements of psoriasis.
Prospective feasibility study on the efficacy and safety of a novel spiral dilator for endoscopic ultrasound‐guided drainage
Authors: Ogawa Takahisa , Kanno Yoshihide , Koshita Shinsuke , Kusunose Hiroaki , Sakai Toshitaka , Yonamine Keisuke , Miyamoto Kazuaki , Kozakai Fumisato , Okano Haruka , Anan Hideyuki , Hosokawa Kento , Ito Kei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesA difficult step in endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided drainage procedures is dilation of the puncture tract before stent deployment. The efficacy and safety of a novel spiral dilator, Tornus ES, for EUS‐guided drainage were investigated in this study.MethodsThis study was conducted as a prospective, single‐arm, observational study at Sendai City Medical center. Dilation of the puncture tract using a spiral dilator was attempted for all EUS‐guided drainage cases. The primary outcome was the technical success rate which was defined as successful stent placement in the puncture tract. Secondary outcomes were the success rate of dilation using a spiral dilator, procedure time, and adverse events related to the procedures.ResultsA total of 10 patients were enrolled between January and March 2022. Seven patients underwent EUS‐guided biliary drainage (hepaticogastrostomy for six and hepaticojejunostomy for one), and the remaining three patients underwent EUS‐guided gallbladder drainage. The technical success rate and the success rate of dilation using a spiral dilator were both 100%. The mean procedure time was 27 min. No adverse events related to the procedure occurred in all cases.ConclusionsDilation of the puncture tract using a spiral dilator was effective and safe and might make it easier to perform EUS‐guided drainage.
A case of refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor‐induced colitis with Clostridioides difficile infection
Authors: Okura Yukito , Kobayashi Katsumasa , Yamada Yurina , Furuya Makoto , Kitano Naoki , Oshina Eri , Matsuoka Mana , Nozaka Takahito , Tashiro Yoshihiro , Sato Ayako , Yauchi Masato , Matsumoto Taichi , Furumoto Yohei , Asano Toru , Azuma Seishin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe clinical symptoms of an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)‐induced colitis are similar to those of ulcerative colitis. ICI‐induced colitis, like ulcerative colitis, may be complicated by other colitis, such as Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). A 72‐year‐old man was admitted because of watery and bloody stools 10 times a day after three courses of nivolumab (antibodies against programmed death 1) and ipilimumab (cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte‐associated antigen‐4) for stage IV renal cell carcinoma. Colonoscopy revealed erythema and multiple erosions in the colon. Histopathological examination of colonic mucosa revealed diffuse inflammatory cell infiltration and apoptosis. The initial cytomegalovirus antigen test and C. difficile detection assay results were negative. Based on these findings, we diagnosed the patient with ICI‐induced colitis and discontinued ICI therapy. The symptoms did not improve despite the administration of Prednisolone and infliximab. A repeat colonoscopy revealed a new appearance of pseudomembranes from the sigmoid colon to the rectum one month after the start of these treatments. At this point, the patient tested positive for C. difficile. With treatment with vancomycin for CDI, the abdominal symptoms gradually decreased. Nivolumab alone was cautiously restarted. However, no colitis recurrence and further tumor reduction were observed. Here, we report our experience of a case of refractory ICI‐induced colitis complicated by CDI. ICI‐induced colitis may be complicated by CDI and should be carefully treated with repeated CDI testing if refractory to treatment. We believe that our observation will provide helpful information for determining an appropriate treatment strategy for ICI‐induced colitis.