bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A social cognitive perspective on occupational identity development in college students
Authors: Vautero Jaisso , Silva Ana Daniela 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOccupational identity is a central concept of career development, by providing a sense of direction and meaning across career development. This study aimed to examine how this concept can be associated with career processes through model formed by a set of socio-cognitive factors. The participants were 358 college students at a Brazilian university who completed measures of occupational identity, environmental supports and barriers, self-efficacy, goal progress, and academic satisfaction. Analysis indicates that the occupational identity status was partially well predicted by the combination of self-efficacy to cope with barriers, supports, academic satisfaction, and goal progress. These results highlight that students with a positive sense of competencies to deal with barriers and adequate levels of academic satisfaction would easily establish an occupational identity.
Compound fermentation supernatants of antagonistic bacteria control Rhizoctonia cerealis and promote wheat growth
Authors: Yi Yanjie , Liu Yang , Luan Pengyu , Hou Zhipeng , Yang Yanhui , Li Ruifang , Liang Zhenpu , Zhang Xiaoxia , Liu Shulei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Wheat sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia cerealis, is a popular fungal disease that causes serious harm to wheat production. Biological control can offer the safe and effective method to control wheat diseases.

Results
In this study, antagonistic bacteria XZ20-1 and XZ38-3 were isolated and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus velezensis, respectively, and all produced cellulase, protease, amylase and siderophore. To improve antifungal activity, fermentation supernatants of antagonistic bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens RB5 (previously isolated and stored in the laboratory), B. amyloliquefaciensns XZ20-1 and B. velezensis XZ38-3 were combined and the optimal compound ratio (2:6:4) was quickly screened out through the improved triangle coordinate diagram method. The inhibition rate of compound fermentation supernatants (CFS) reached 61.01%, which was 22.51, 17.05 and 21.42% higher than that of single strain, respectively. The further stability analysis showed that compound fermentation supernatants were relatively stable to pH, temperature, ultraviolet and light. Effect of CFS on pathogen cells through fluorescent microscopy using different stains revealed the mechanism, which CFS can cause cell membrane permeability changed, accumulation of ROS and DNA fragmentation. In the pot experiments, the control efficacy of CFS was 83.05%. Moreover, plant height, root length and fresh weight, chlorophyll and soluble protein of wheat seedlings in CFS treatment groups were more than those in the control group.

Conclusions
This work screened out the optimal compound ratio of fermentation supernatants by the improved triangular coordinate diagram method firstly and revealed the action mechanism and provides an effective microbial agent for controlling R. cerealis and promoting wheat growth.
Single-color peripheral photoinhibition lithography of nanophotonic structures
Authors: He Minfei , Zhang Zhimin , Cao Chun , Qiu Yiwei , Shen Xiaoming , Zhou Guozun , Cai Zixin , Sun Xinjie , He Xin , Xu Liang , Liu Xi , Ding Chenliang , Cao Yaoyu , Kuang Cuifang , Liu Xu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAdvances in direct laser writing to attain super-resolution are required to improve fabrication performance and develop potential applications for nanophotonics. In this study, a novel technique using single-color peripheral photoinhibition lithography was developed to improve the resolution of direct laser writing while preventing the chromatic aberration characteristics of conventional multicolor photoinhibition lithography, thus offering a robust tool for fabricating 2D and 3D nanophotonic structures. A minimal feature size of 36 nm and a resolution of 140 nm were achieved with a writing speed that was at least 10 times faster than existing photoinhibition lithography. Super-resolution and fast scanning enable the fabrication of spin-decoupled metasurfaces in the visible range within a printing duration of a few minutes. Finally, a subwavelength photonic crystal with a near-ultraviolet structural color was fabricated to demonstrate the potential of 3D printing. This technique is a flexible and reliable tool for fabricating ultracompact optical devices.
ENT manifestation CCs in tuberculosis: a descriptive study
Authors: Chavan Reshma P. , Ingole Shivraj M. , Parokaran Anish Anto , Desai Wilson V. , Damodhar Ajay P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
An attempt was made to study ENT manifestations in tuberculosis.

Material and methods
A descriptive study was carried out among 200 patients with ENT manifestations of tuberculosis attending various departments at a government medical college hospital. Patients will be evaluated and followed up according to protocol. All patients diagnosed with tuberculosis were treated, according to the recent RNTCP guidelines using the CBNAAT testing.

Results
In the present study, 66% of patients with tuberculosis of the ear, nose, and throat region were females. Seventy-five percent of patients with tuberculosis of ENT and neck region were between the age group of 11 and 40 years. Cases of tubercular lymphadenitis (89.5%), tubercular laryngitis (4.5%), tubercular otitis media (3%), TB of the oral cavity (2%), and TB of the nose (1%) were seen. Painless lymph node enlargement was found in 91.62% of cases. Lymph node enlargement, hoarseness of voice, painless profuse otorrhoea, hearing loss, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, odynophagia, ulcers in the oral cavity, and tonsil enlargement were seen in patients of respective ENT tuberculosis. Concomitant pulmonary TB was found in 8.37% of cases of cervical TB, 100% of cases of laryngeal TB, 50% of cases of TB otitis media, 75% of cases of oral TB, and 50% of cases of nasal TB. Biopsy and CBNAAT have a promising role in tuberculosis management.

Conclusion
Early diagnosis of tuberculosis in ENT requires a high index of suspicion for patients non-responding to routine treatment
Exploring the association between brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and longitudinal psychopathological and cognitive changes in Sardinian psychotic patients
Authors: Isayeva Ulker , Manchia Mirko , Collu Roberto , Primavera Diego , Deriu Luca , Caboni Edoardo , Iaselli Novella , Sundas Davide , Tusconi Massimo , Pinna Federica , Paribello Pasquale , Scherma Maria , Pisanu Claudia , Meloni Anna , Zai Clement C. , Congiu Donatella , Squassina Alessio , Fratta Walter , Fadda Paola , Carpiniello Bernardo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and hypothesisSchizophrenia spectrum disorders are among the most debilitating mental disorders and has complex pathophysiological underpinnings. There is growing evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can play a role in its pathogenesis. The present study investigated the longitudinal variation of serum BDNF levels in a 24-month observational prospective cohort study of Sardinian psychotic patients and its relationship with psychopathological and cognitive changes. Furthermore, we examined whether genetic variation within theBDNFgene could moderate these relationships.Study designEvery 6 months, 105 patients were assessed for their BDNF serum levels, as well as for a series of psychopathological, cognitive, and social measures. We performed a targeted analysis of four tag single nucleotide polymorphisms within theBDNFgene that were selected and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction. Longitudinal data were analyzed using mixed-effects linear regression models.Study resultsWe observed a declining longitudinal trajectory of BDNF levels in psychotic patients in general, and in relation to the severity of depressive and negative symptoms. BDNF serum levels also declined in patients scoring lower in cognitive measures such as attention and speed of information processing and verbal fluency. The rs7934165 polymorphism moderated the significant association between verbal fluency and BDNF levels.ConclusionsThese findings in patients from real-world settings suggest a plausible role of peripheral BDNF levels as a marker of illness burden in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Opposing Effects of EGF Receptor Signaling on Proliferation and Differentiation Initiated by EGF or TSH/EGF Receptor Transactivation
Authors: Boutin Alisa , Marcus-Samuels Bernice , Eliseeva Elena , Neumann Susanne , Gershengorn Marvin C 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Regulation of thyroid cells by thyrotropin (TSH) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been known but different effects of these regulators on proliferation and differentiation have been reported. We studied these responses in primary cultures of human thyroid cells to determine whether TSH receptor (TSHR) signaling may involve EGF receptor (EGFR) transactivation. We confirm that EGF stimulates proliferation and de-differentiation whereas TSH causes differentiation in the absence of other growth factors. We show that TSH/TSHR transactivates EGFR and characterize it as follows: (1) TSH-induced upregulation of thyroid-specific genes is inhibited by 2 inhibitors of EGFR kinase activity, AG1478 and erlotinib; (2) the mechanism of transactivation is independent of an extracellular EGFR ligand by showing that 2 antibodies, cetuximab and panitumumab, that completely inhibited binding of EGFR ligands to EGFR had no effect on transactivation, and by demonstrating that no EGF was detected in media conditioned by thyrocytes incubated with TSH; (3) TSH/TSHR transactivation of EGFR is different than EGFR activation by EGF by showing that EGF led to rapid phosphorylation of EGFR whereas transactivation occurred in the absence of receptor phosphorylation; (4) EGF caused downregulation of EGFR whereas transactivation had no effect on EGFR level; (5) EGF and TSH stimulation converged on the protein kinase B (AKT) pathway, because TSH, like EGF, stimulated phosphorylation of AKT that was inhibited by EGFR inhibitors; and (6) TSH-induced upregulation of thyroid genes was inhibited by the AKT inhibitor MK2206. Thus, TSH/TSHR causes EGFR transactivation that is independent of extracellular EGFR ligand and in part mediates TSH regulation of thyroid hormone biosynthetic genes.
Gut and Breast Microbiota as Endocrine Regulators of Hormone Receptor-positive Breast Cancer Risk and Therapy Response
Authors: Arnone Alana A , Cook Katherine L 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Despite advances in treatment strategies, breast cancer (BC) remains one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Recent studies implicate the gut microbiome as a potential risk factor for BC development. Alterations in gut microbial diversity resulting in dysbiosis have been linked to breast carcinogenesis by modulating host immune responses and inflammatory pathways, favoring tumorigenesis and progression. Moreover, gut microbiota populations are different between women with BC vs those that are cancer free, further implicating the role of the gut microbiome in cancer development. This alteration in gut microbiota is also associated with changes in estrogen metabolism, which strongly correlates with BC development. Gut microbiota that express the enzyme β-glucuronidase (GUS) may increase estrogen bioavailability by deconjugating estrogen-glucuronide moieties enabling reabsorption into circulation. Increased circulating estrogens may, in turn, drive estrogen receptor–positive BC. GUS-expressing microbiota also affect cancer therapy efficacy and toxicity by modifying glucuronide-conjugated drug metabolites. Therefore, GUS inhibitors have emerged as a potential antitumor treatment. However, the effectiveness of GUS inhibitors is still exploratory. Further studies are needed to determine how oral endocrine-targeting therapies may influence or be influenced by the microbiota and how that may affect carcinogenesis initiation and tumor recurrence.
Late-Career Employment Trajectories and Postretirement Mortality: Evidence From Italy
Authors: Scotti Benedetta 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the last decades, the long-standing paradigm of life course theory postulating direct transition from lifetime employment to full retirement has been eroding in advanced economies. For many mature workers, the period between the end of stable employment and the attainment of eligibility requirements for accessing retirement benefits can be, in fact, quite discontinuous. Still, little is known about the health consequences of employment instability in later working life. This study addresses this issue by examining how late-career employment trajectories shape postretirement all-cause mortality. I use longitudinal register data from Italy to reconstruct the later-life employment history of a large sample of Italian retirees previously employed in the private sector for whom I can observe mortality up to 2018. I rely on sequence analysis to identify ideal-type, late-career trajectories and use them as further inputs for discrete-time survival analysis. Results show that going through a trajectory marked by employment instability in later working life is related to worse postretirement survival chances, with this relationship being stronger if unemployment spells are prolonged and not covered by social allowances. Given the current pressures to extend the length of working life, these findings highlight the relevance of policies aimed at improving the employment prospects of displaced senior workers and at ensuring adequate support in case of prolonged unemployment.
In vitro forestomach digestion experiments give less-biased estimates of food composition in odontocetes
Authors: Klemens Lisa , Neven Carolin Julie , Bär Tom , Krumme Uwe , Dähne Michael 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Diet composition of odontocetes is usually inferred from stomach content analyses and accounts for digestion rates derived from in vitro digestion experiments based on seal physiology. However, pinnipeds, being carnivores, have only one stomach compartment, while odontocetes, being cetartiodactyla, have up to four. Inappropriate extrapolation from digestion processes in simulated seal stomachs may result in biased estimates of odontocete diets. We simulated a forestomach accounting for muscle contractions and a pH=4 using in vitro experiments with three fish species. Whiting (Merlangius merlangus), black goby (Gobius niger) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus) showed highly variable exponential, sigmoid or linear digestion functions, and high digestion rates, taking between 50 and 230 min for completed digestion. Previous pinniped models (pH=2, lacking simulated muscular digestion) showed much slower and more similar digestion process. Our results suggest that present biomass intake estimates of odontocetes are biased towards bigger and fattier fish and need to be revised in general.
Impact of intraspecific variation in teleost fishes: aggression, dominance status and stress physiology
Authors: Winberg Svante , Sneddon Lynne 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Dominance-based social hierarchies are common among teleost fishes. The rank of an animal greatly affects its behaviour, physiology and development. The outcome of fights for social dominance is affected by heritable factors and previous social experience. Divergent stress-coping styles have been demonstrated in a large number of teleosts, and fish displaying a proactive coping style have an advantage in fights for social dominance. Coping style has heritable components, but it appears to be largely determined by environmental factors, especially social experience. Agonistic behaviour is controlled by the brain's social decision-making network, and its monoaminergic systems play important roles in modifying the activity of this neuronal network. In this Review, we discuss the development of dominance hierarchies, how social rank is signalled through visual and chemical cues, and the neurobiological mechanisms controlling or correlating with agonistic behaviour. We also consider the effects of social interactions on the welfare of fish reared in captivity.
Benefits of Power Training for the Elderly Population
Authors: Green Bryan J. , Mang Zachary , Ducharme Jeremy , Kravitz Len 
Published: October 2022

Apply It!
By reading this article, fitness professionals will learn:
• Aging is associated with loss of muscle, strength, and power, and fitness professionals are encouraged to apply the entire force-velocity curve when prescribing power training for their elderly clients.
• Health and fitness professionals may use machines such as the leg press and chest press and have their elderly clients perform high-velocity contractions using intensities such as 20%, 50%, and 80% of their one-repetition maximum to enhance muscular power.
• When sufficient levels of strength, power, and balance have been achieved, health and fitness professionals can prescribe plyometric exercises such as jumps, bounds, and medicine ball throws, which may be perceived as a more interesting way to develop power for older adults.
Post-Lung Transplant - Exercise Guidelines
Authors: LaSala Toni T. 
Published: October 2022

Apply It!
• Know clients' medications, timing, and adverse effects
• Strengthening exercises — lower body and upper body
• Aerobic activity — begin with walking, progress gradually, include stairclimbing
• Breathing exercises — pursed lip breathing, diaphragmatic or belly breathing, and paced breathing
• Balance and postural exercises
Survival rate of patients with combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma receiving medical cannabis treatment: A retrospective, cohort comparative study
Authors: Phansila Narisara , Pansila Paopong , Wongkongdech Adisorn , Turnbull Niruwan , Azam Mahalul , Wongkongdech Ranee 
Published: October 2022

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) incidence in Northeastern Thailand is very high and a major cause of mortality. CCA patients typically have a poor prognosis and short-term survival rate due to late-stage diagnosis. Thailand is the first Southeast Asian country to approve medicinal cannabis treatment, especially for palliative care with advanced cancer patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort comparative study of survival rates among 491 newly diagnosed advanced CCA patients was carried out between September 1, 2019, and June 30, 2021. A total of 404 patients were in the standard palliative care pain management treatment group (ST), and 87 were in the medicinal cannabis treatment group (CT). Patients with CCA were recruited from four tertiary hospitals and two secondary hospitals in five provinces of Northeast Thailand. The cumulative survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and independent prognostic factors were investigated using Cox regression. Results: For ST patients, there was a total follow-up time of 790 person-months, with a mortality rate of 48.35/100 person-months. For CT patients the total follow-up time was 476 person-months, with mortality rate of 10.9/ 100 person-months. The median survival time after registration at a palliative clinic was 0.83 months (95% CI: 0.71–0.95) for ST and 5.66 months (95% CI: 1.94–9.38) for CT. Multivariate analysis showed that CT treatment protocol was associated with a significantly better survival (P value <0.001; median time of CT, 5.66 months (95% CI: 1.94–9.38); median time of ST, 0.83 months (95% CI: 0.71–0.95). Therefore, CT had a reduced probability of dying from the disease (HRadj., 0.28 (95% CI: 0.20–0.37) Conclusions: The medical cannabis increased overall survival rates among CCA patients.
Paediatric critical COVID-19: clinical features and outcomes during five waves.
Authors: Ghorbel Sameh , Tilouche Samia , Khenis Saima , Marzouk Manel , Soyah Nejla , Tej Amel , Kebaili Raoudha , abdelbari Maroua , Benbelgacem Hajer , Bouguila Jihene , Zaghouani Houneida , Hannachi Neila , Dejla Abassi Bakir , Ammar Asma , Njah Mansour , Boukadida Jalel , Boughamoura Lamia 
Published: October 2022

Background: Data reported from several countries show that both children and adolescents accounted for less than 2% of symptomatic cases of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The study objective was to describe the clinical characteristics of children admitted to Tunisian paediatric intensive care units (PICU). Methods: This was a single centre observational retrospective study conducted in the PICU of the Farhat Hached tertiary teaching hospital in Sousse, Tunisia during the period from the March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2022. We included all children aged from one month to 15 years with recent severe or critical severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Infection was confirmed by the positivity of reverse transcriptase either for SARS-CoV2 or with presence of IgM antibodies. We included severe and critical forms of COVID-19 according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Results: 26 patients were included. 16 (61%) were one year old or younger. 18 patients (69.2%) were male. The median age in our research series was six months [1-156 months]. 17 (65.3%) patients had morbidities including mainly cardiac and neurological diseases. Fever (88.4%) and tachypnea (80.8%) were the most common clinical signs. Leukocytosis, high level of C-reactive protein, D-dimer, troponin, and pro-B type natriuretic peptide levels were found in 17, 8, 10, 6, and 10 cases respectively. Seven patients were initially treated with high-flow nasal cannula and didn't need escalation. Three were intubated. Invasive mechanical ventilation was used in six cases. Antibiotics and corticosteroids were used in 84% and 42.3% of children. The median paediatric intensive care unit length-of-stay was 10.9 days. There were six deaths. Conclusion: Paediatricians should be vigilant to the different clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in children admitted in PICU. Special attention should be allocated to infants under one year of age, of the male gender, and for children with comorbidities.
Correlation of cervical progesterone levels to plasma progesterone levels in normal pregnancy and preterm labor: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Lisnawati Yuyun , Wibowo Noroyono 
Published: October 2022

Background: The theory of “functional progesterone withdrawal” explains the role of progesterone prior to delivery. Previous studies mentioned the existence of progesterone regulation in the cervix that plays a role in maintaining the integrity of the cervix and cervical ripening. Cervical progesterone levels relate to activities of progesterone at the cervix, compared to its amount in circulation. The objective of this study was to measure cervical mucus progesterone levels and its correlation to plasma progesterone levels in pregnancy. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in January-September 2010 at Persahabatan Hospital. The subjects were pregnant women in the 28th – 34th weeks of gestational age. In total, 72 subjects who met the criteria were divided into normal pregnancy group and preterm labor group. The cervical and plasma progesterone levels were measured using The Advia Centaur® Progesterone kit, which is a commercial immunoassay with direct chemiluminescence method. Results: There was a positive correlation (r=0.539) between cervical progesterone levels with plasma progesterone levels in the preterm labor group. There was no correlation between cervical progesterone levels with plasma progesterone levels in the normal pregnancy group. Conclusion: This study showed that cervical progesterone levels could be measured through cervical mucus. A significant positive correlation was found by this study between cervical progesterone levels and plasma progesterone levels in the preterm labor group. This study is expected to provide new insights for understanding the metabolism and the role of progesterone in maintaining cervical integrity during pregnancy, and its relation to prevention of preterm birth.