bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring quality of care in hepatocellular carcinoma: A modified Delphi consensus
Authors: Maharaj Ashika D. , Lubel John , Lam Eileen , Clark Paul J. , Duncan Oliver , George Jacob , Jeffrey Gary P. , Lipton Lara , Liu Howard , McCaughan Geoffrey , Neo Eu‐Ling , Philip Jennifer , Strasser Simone I. , Stuart Katherine , Thompson Alexander , Tibballs Jonathan , Tu Thomas , Wallace Michael C. , Wigg Alan , Wood Marnie , Zekry Amany , Greenhill Elysia , Ioannou Liane J. , Ahlenstiel Golo , Bowers Kaye , Clarke Stephen J. , Dev Anouk , Fink Michael , Goodwin Mark , Karapetis Christos S. , Levy Miriam T. , Muller Kate , O'Beirne James , Pryor David , Seow James , Shackel Nicholas , Tallis Caroline , Butler Nick , Olynyk John K. , Reed‐Cox Kate , Zalcberg John R. , Roberts Stuart K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Although there are several established international guidelines on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), there is limited information detailing specific indicators of good quality care. The aim of this study was to develop a core set of quality indicators (QIs) to underpin the management of HCC. We undertook a modified, two‐round, Delphi consensus study comprising a working group and experts involved in the management of HCC as well as consumer representatives. QIs were derived from an extensive review of the literature. The role of the participants was to identify the most important and measurable QIs for inclusion in an HCC clinical quality registry. From an initial 94 QIs, 40 were proposed to the participants. Of these, 23 QIs ultimately met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final set. This included (a) nine related to the initial diagnosis and staging, including timing to diagnosis, required baseline clinical and laboratory assessments, prior surveillance for HCC, diagnostic imaging and pathology, tumor staging, and multidisciplinary care; (b) thirteen related to treatment and management, including role of antiviral therapy, timing to treatment, localized ablation and locoregional therapy, surgery, transplantation, systemic therapy, method of response assessment, and supportive care; and (c) one outcome assessment related to surgical mortality. Conclusion: We identified a core set of nationally agreed measurable QIs for the diagnosis, staging, and management of HCC. The adherence to these best practice QIs may lead to system‐level improvement in quality of care and, ultimately, improvement in patient outcomes, including survival.
Quantifying the effects of grass distribution patterns on the relative hydrodynamic parameters of overland flow
Authors: Zhang Hongyang , Zhang Kuandi , Liu Juanjuan , Wang Meng , Cen Youdong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGrass distribution pattern (GDP) plays a crucial role in soil erosion, which is driven by overland flow on hillslopes caused by rainfall. To quantify the effects of GDPs on the hydrodynamic characteristics of overland flow, indoor scouring experiments were conducted in a hydraulic flume across eight flow discharges (3–45 L min−1), six slope gradients (2–12°), and five GDPs—a vertical strip pattern parallel to the slope direction (VP), chequerboard pattern (CP), small patches distributed in an ‘X’‐shape (XP), a banded pattern perpendicular to slope direction (BP), and a random pattern (RP). The results showed that GDP had a significant effect on the hydrodynamic parameters of overland flow when compared with bare slope (BS). For the five GDPs, the relative water depth, relative flow velocity, relative Froude number, and relative resistance coefficient were positively affected by flow discharge (p < 0.001), and negatively affected by slope gradient (p < 0.001); whereas the effects on the relative Reynolds number were inverted. Compared with the other patterns, the effects of BP on retarding flow was the best, as it maintained particularly remarkable characteristics affecting all five relative hydrodynamic parameters. Through parameterising GDP as a calculation factor, the prediction models of relative flow velocity (adj.R2 = 0.788**, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency [NSE] = 0.692), and relative Froude number (adj.R2 = 0.756*, NSE = 0.674) were established via nonlinear regression analysis. The effects of GDP on overland flow revealed here can help inform optimal GDP designs for water and soil conservation on sloped environments.
Two‐photon collagen crosslinking in ex vivo human corneal lenticules induced by near‐infrared femtosecond laser
Authors: Cheng Zhenzhou , Zhang Nan , Chang Le , Qi Pengfei , Zhang Lin , Lin Lie , Wang Yan , Liu Weiwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMyopia and keratoconus have become common corneal diseases that threaten the quality of human vision, and keratoconus is one of the most common indications for corneal transplantation worldwide. Collagen crosslinking (CXL) using riboflavin and ultraviolet A (UVA) light is an effective approach for treating ophthalmic disorders and has been shown clinically not only to arrest further progression of keratoconus but also to improve refractive power for cornea. However, CXL surgery irradiated by UVA has various potential risks such as surface damage and endothelial cell damage. Here, near‐infrared femtosecond laser‐based two‐photon CXL was first applied to ex vivo human corneal stroma, operating at low photon energy with high precision and stability. After two‐photon CXL, the corneal stiffness can be enhanced by 300% without significantly reducing corneal transparency. These findings illustrate the optimized direction that depositing high pulses energy in corneal focal volume (not exceeding damage threshold), and pave the way to 3D CXL of in vivo human cornea with higher safety, precision, and efficacy.
Impact of temperature on optical sensing in biology based on investigation of SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Szczerska Małgorzata , Wityk Paweł , Listewnik Paulina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present an investigation of the influence of the temperature on the sensing of biological samples. We used biofunctionalized microsphere‐based fiber‐optic sensor to detect immunoglobulin G attached to the sensor head at temperatures relevant in biological research: 5°C, 25°C, and 55°C. The construction of the sensor allowed us to perform measurements in the small amount of solution. The results of our experiment confirm substantial changes in the measured reflected optical power, indicating the need to control the temperature during such measurements. The sensitivity of the sensor used in this research is 8.82 nW/°C. Coefficient R was also calculated and it equals 0.998, which shows good fit between theoretical linear fit and obtained measured data.
Glycerol and natural sugar‐derived complex modulate differentially stratum corneum water‐binding properties and structural parameters in an in vitro Raman‐desorption model
Authors: Fluhr Joachim W. , Tfayli Ali , Darlenski Razvigor , Darvin Maxim E. , Joly‐Tonetti Nicolas , Lachmann Nadège 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe epidermal protective functions are closely associated with skin hydration homeostasis. The understanding of different states of water binding is a rising concept in assessing topically applied formulations and their interaction within the stratum corneum (SC). In addition to global water content, primary bound water, partially bound water, and unbound water and barrier‐related lipid lateral packing and protein secondary structure can be measured by Raman spectroscopy. This study aimed to establish an in vitro SC model to evaluate differences in the efficacy of a natural sugar‐derived complex in combination with glycerol and a botanical extract in modulating SC water binding and structural proteins and barrier lipids. These compounds were selected due to their water‐binding and soothing properties. The SC water profiles were assessed at the surface and in 8 μm SC depth. After a 12‐hour hyperhydration and subsequent product incubation the measurements were performed during a 6 hours desiccation phase. The maximal water caption and the time until reaching a steady state are measured as well as water retention and resistance against water loss. Global water content, partially bound, and unbound water, as well as lipid and protein structures were assessed with confocal Raman microspectroscopy. Both the natural sugar‐derived mixture and more pronounced, the same mixture with additional glycerol increased all three water‐binding parameters at the surface and in 8 μm SC depth at the beginning and during the desiccation phase. Further addition of botanical extract did not result in an additional increase of the water‐binding. All three formulations showed an increase in the lipid lateral packing values prevented the protein alteration as measured by β‐sheets signal compared to blank. The present model is suited for screening studies comparing the specific effects of different compounds on hydration states. The natural sugar‐derived mixture Aquaxyl showed evidence for an improvement of all SC hydration states, lipid and protein structure which was further enhanced by the addition of glycerol 5%. This improvement was evidenced at the surface and within the SC for all hydration‐related parameters, and the lipid as well the protein structures. The addition of botanical extract phytoessence blue daisy did not show further improvement.
Low‐Intensity Vibration Protects the Weight‐Bearing Skeleton and Suppresses Fracture Incidence in Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Prospective, Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Bianchi Maria Luisa , Vai Silvia , Baranello Giovanni , Broggi Francesca , Judex Stefan , Hangartner Thomas , Rubin Clinton 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThe ability of low‐intensity vibration (LIV) to combat skeletal decline in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. Twenty DMD boys were enrolled, all ambulant and treated with glucocorticoids (mean age 7.6, height‐adjusted Z‐scores [HAZ] of hip bone mineral density [BMD] −2.3). Ten DMD boys were assigned to stand for 10 min/d on an active LIV platform (0.4 g at 30 Hz), while 10 stood on a placebo device. Baseline and 14‐month bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD of spine, hip, and total body were measured with DXA, and trabecular bone density (TBD) of tibia with quantitative computed tomography (QCT). All children tolerated the LIV intervention well, with daily compliance averaging 78%. At 14 months, TBD in the proximal and distal tibia remained unchanged in placebo subjects (−1.0% and −0.2%), while rising 3.5% and 4.6% in LIV subjects. HAZ for hip BMD and BMC in the placebo group declined 22% and 13%, respectively, contrasting with no change from baseline (0.9% and 1.4%) in the LIV group. Fat mass in the leg increased 32% in the placebo group, contrasting with 21% in LIV subjects. Across the 14‐month study, there were four incident fractures in three placebo patients (30%), with no new fractures identified in LIV subjects. Despite these encouraging results, a major limitation of the study is—despite randomized enrollment—that there was a significant difference in age between the two cohorts, with the LIV group being 2.8y older, and thus at greater severity of disease. In sum, these data suggest that noninvasive LIV can help protect the skeleton of DMD children against the disease progression, the consequences of diminished load bearing, and the complications of chronic steroid use. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Etiology and Pathophysiology of Hypoparathyroidism: A Narrative Review
Authors: Pasieka Janice L. , Wentworth Kelly , Yeo Caitlin T. , Cremers Serge , Dempster David , Fukumoto Seiji , Goswami Ravinder , Houillier Pascal , Levine Michael A. , Pasternak Jesse D. , Perrier Nancy D. , Sitges-Serra Antonio , Shoback Dolores M. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
The approach utilized a systematic review of the medical literature executed with specifically designed criteria that focused on the etiologies and pathogenesis of hypoparathyroidism. Enhanced attention by endocrine surgeons to new knowledge about parathyroid gland viability are reviewed along with the role of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) monitoring during and after neck surgery. Nonsurgical etiologies account for a significant proportion of cases of hypoparathyroidism (~25%), and among them, genetic etiologies are key. Given the pervasive nature of PTH deficiency across multiple organ systems, a detailed review of the skeletal, renal, neuromuscular, and ocular complications is provided. The burden of illness on affected patients and their caregivers contributes to reduced quality of life and social costs for this chronic endocrinopathy. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Snow depth variability across the Qinghai Plateau and its influencing factors during 1980–2018
Authors: Ma Heng , Zhang Gangfeng , Mao Rui , Su Bo , Liu Weihang , Shi Peijun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs a crucial component of the climate system, snow cover plays an important role on surface energy budgets, hydrological cycles and socioeconomic development. This paper investigated the spatiotemporal patterns of snow depth across the Qinghai Plateau (QP) during 1980–2018 based on passive microwave (PMW) satellite observation and reanalysis products. The study identified the relationships between the changes in PMW snow depth and topographic features and revealed the impact of climatic variables (air temperature, precipitation and wind speed) and large‐scale atmospheric circulations on observed snow depth variability. The results show that the spatial pattern of snow depth climatology is similar in all datasets, except in terms of magnitude, with high values in the southern and southeastern parts of the QP and low values in the eastern and northwestern parts. Average snow depth correlates positively with precipitation, elevation and slope, and negatively with air temperature and wind speed. The long‐term trends in snow depth vary with the season and the datasets. The PMW snow depth across the QP shows a significant annual (−0.125 cm·decades−1, p < .10) and spring (−0.184 cm·decades−1, p < .05) negative trend, while snow depth for ERA5 and MERRA2 does not present significant trends. Air temperature dominates total snow depth variation over the QP, explaining 43.85, 24.88 and 47.28% of annual, winter and spring PMW snow depth variations, which significantly affects snow depth variations in most parts of the QP, yet the effects of precipitation and wind speed on snow depth variation exhibit significant regional differences, and atmospheric circulations (e.g., AMO) also have a remarkable controlling effect on some localized areas.
Identification and classification of the wet Red Sea Trough over Israel
Authors: Ziv Baruch , Shimer Ran , Harpaz Tzvi , Drori Ron , Alpert Pinhas , Raveh‐Rubin Shira , Saaroni Hadas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Red‐Sea Trough (RST) extends toward the Levant from the south and is mostly associated with dry conditions. This study analysed the rarer type, rain‐producing RSTs, referred to as ‘wet RSTs’ (WRST), using data from 1958 to 2019. A WRST archive was established, based on rain data from a study region covering the arid part of Israel, the region where this system is most active. The study also aimed to find an atmospheric proxy for rainfall, to replace precipitation estimates obtained from climate models. A WRST day was defined as a day when the RST was identified and rainfall of ≥0.1 mm was observed by at least two of the 39 rain stations used. The annual occurrence of WRSTs is 16.4 days, ~16% of all RSTs, peaking in the winter. The relative contribution of WRSTs to the annual rainfall ranges from 16% in the northern part of the study region to 50% in the south. The tropical air intrusion was quantified through trajectory analysis and the results revealed that in most WRST days, 72%, the fraction of air originating from the tropics was less than 10% and only in 3.7% of the days did it exceed 50%. Attempts to extract an atmospheric proxy which identifies a WRST did not yield significant separation between dry and wet RSTs, because of significant differences among several WRST types. Therefore, identification of future changes in WRSTs will still require the use of rainfall data offered by climate models. We automatically classified the WRST days into four types. Two types are associated with 850 hPa negative temperature anomalies and the other two with higher‐than‐normal temperatures, resembling ‘tropical‐like’ RSTs, which are known as ‘active RSTs’ and tropical plumes. A predictive equation was extracted to quantify the tropical air intrusion and replace the use of trajectory analysis in future studies.
A novel cellulosic non‐enzymatic nanosensor based on carbon shell silver (Ag@C) nanoparticles for colorimetric detection of Chlorpyrifos in agricultural products
Authors: Bilal Sehrish , Saleem Shaifa , Akhtar Naeem , Sami Amtul Jamil , Gokce Gultekin , Hayat Akhtar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe precise detection and quantification of organophosphorus pesticides are highly required to ensure food safety. The non‐enzymatic nanosensor technology has appeared as an efficient method to replace conventional analytical techniques of pesticide detection. The utilization of carbon‐based nanomaterials and metal nanoparticles has shown great potential to develop non‐enzymatic nanosensors for the sensitive and selective sensing of food contaminants.ResultsIn this study, bifunctional carbon shell silver nanoparticles (Ag@C NPs) having oxidase‐like properties and advanced optical activities were used as nanozymes for visual detection of highly toxic organophosphorus pesticide (OP), Chlorpyrifos. The as‐prepared nanomaterial was characterized for its structural and morphological features. The nanosensor was fabricated by immobilizing Ag@C NPs in the network of sodium alginate gel over a cellulosic paper disc. The detection was based on the inhibition of oxidase‐like activity of Ag@C NPs by the adsorption of pesticide which blocks the accessibility of substrate to produce the blue‐colored product. Under the optimized conditions, the fabricated sensor showed potential analytical response for Chlorpyrifos providing a dynamic linear range from 0–350 ng/mL with a limit of detection, of 0.097 ng/mL and limit of quantification, of 0.293 ng/mL. In addition, the devised sensor was able to recover Chlorpyrifos from spiked wheat, apple, and water samples with excellent recovery percentages. Further, the constructed nanosensor exhibited excellent selectivity and specificity to Chlorpyrifos.ConclusionThe fabricated surface provides a rapid, selective, low cost and portable detection method for the real‐time detection of OP traces from food and environmental samples.
Papaya dietary fiber concentrates for providing functionality to muffin formulations
Authors: Nieto‐Calvache Jhon , Lorenzo Gabriel , Califano Alicia , Gerschenson Lía , de Escalada Pla Marina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPapaya leftovers are a good source of dietary fiber (DF) and antioxidants. They can be transformed in dietary fiber concentrates (DFCs) to be used as ingredients in food formulation, improving consumers’ health status.RESULTSUsing the peel or the pulp of papaya, DFCs were produced. These DFCs were used in muffin production. Muffins produced with 7.7% DFCs and 47.6 g water had the same specific volume (2.0 cm3 g−1) but softer crumb than those obtained with a reference formulation without DF addition, showing average hardness of 15 N. In general, the addition of DFCs of pulp or peel slightly affected other textural profile parameters. Also, non‐significant differences were observed for muffins containing pulp or peel DFCs, which showed average values of 10.9 N for chewiness, 0.95 for springiness, 0.76 for cohesiveness and 0.42 for resilience. Regarding the crumb structure, muffins with pulp DFCs showed the lowest value for d3.2 (1.3 ± 0.3 mm). Meanwhile, the highest anti‐radical and reducing capacity, 240 ± 2 and 1050 ± 6 mgeq Trolox g−1 muffin (dry basis), respectively, were observed in the muffins with peel DFC. Finally, the addition of DFCs allowed us to maintain lower hardness values than those of the reference formulation during the whole storage period studied (22 days). Muffins with peel DFCs tended to have a lower rate of crumb hardening (0.08 ± 0.02) d−1.CONCLUSIONThe addition of papaya DFCs to muffin formulations confers interesting properties for industry and consumers, providing functionality, extending the shelf life as well as transforming papaya leftovers in new functional ingredients, contributing to a circular economy. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
The mechanism leading to color differences between purple‐red and green partridge tea leaves
Authors: Shi Qi , Yu Wengang , Li Juanling , Feng Shipeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPartridge tea (Mallotus oblongifolius) is used as an important beverage and medical plant in Hainan province of China. Although some information about the morphology, cytology, and genetics of partridge tea has been reported in the literature, knowledge about this plant is still very limited. The leaves are the most important part for every tea plant, with a major role in nutrition and other functions. The leaves of different cultivars of partridge tea are different in colors and functions. The molecular mechanism of color formation of partridge tea leaf is still unclear. We reveal the molecular mechanism of the color difference between purple‐red and green partridge tea leaves through metabolome and transcriptome analysis.ResultsWe identified 665 compounds in the two partridge tea cultivars through metabolome analysis. Among these compounds, the content of 324 differed between the two cultivars. We also annotated 50 042 unigenes in the two cultivars by transcriptome analysis; 9665 unigenes were expressed differently between the two cultivars. Using an integrated analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome data, we found that the compounds and genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis were up‐regulated in the purple‐red leaves, compared with the green leaves.ConclusionOur results showed that the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway genes were up‐regulated, which resulted in the up‐regulation of the anthocyanin, making the leaf color purple‐red. Our study reveals the molecular mechanism of the color difference between purple‐red and green partridge tea, and lays a foundation for the genetic breeding of partridge tea genetic and the utilization of its volatile components. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.