bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes of patients with complicated post-operative course after gastrectomy for cancer: a GIRCG study using the GASTRODATA registry
Authors: Baiocchi Gian Luca , Giacopuzzi Simone , Vittimberga Giovanni , De Pascale Stefano , Pastorelli Elisabetta , Gelmini Roberta , Viganò Jacopo , Graziosi Luigina , Vagliasindi Alessio , Rosa Fausto , Steccanella Francesca , Demartini Paolo , Reddavid Rossella , Berselli Mattia , Elmore Ugo , Romario Uberto Fumagalli , Degiuli Maurizio , Morgagni Paolo , Marrelli Daniele , D’Ugo Domenico , Rosati Riccardo , De Manzoni Giovanni 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGastrectomy for gastric cancer is still performed in Western countries with high morbidity and mortality. Post-operative complications are frequent, and effective diagnosis and treatment of complications is crucial to lower the mortality rates. In 2015, a project was launched by the EGCA with the aim of building an agreement on list and definitions of post-operative complications specific for gastrectomy. In 2018, the platform www.gastrodata.org was launched for collecting cases by utilizing this new complication list. In the present paper, the Italian Research Group for Gastric Cancer endorsed a collection of complicated cases in the period 2015–2019, with the aim of investigating the clinical pictures, diagnostic modalities, and treatment approaches, as well as outcome measures of patients experiencing almost one post-operative complication. Fifteen centers across Italy provided 386 cases with a total of 538 complications (mean 1.4 complication/patient). The most frequent complications were non-surgical infections (gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and urinary) and anastomotic leaks, accounting for 29.2% and 17.3% of complicated patients, with a median Clavien–Dindo score of II and IIIB, respectively. Overall mortality of this series was 12.4%, while mortality of patients with anastomotic leak was 25.4%. The clinical presentation with systemic septic signs, the timing of diagnosis, and the hospital volume were the most relevant factors influencing outcome.
Neuroinflammation in Tinnitus
Authors: Adcock Katherine , Vanneste Sven 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The current review aims to explore recent studies that have illustrated a link between neuroinflammation and tinnitus and the consequential effect on neuronal functioning. We explore parallels amongst pain and tinnitus pathologies and a novel treatment option.

Recent Findings
Genetic and pharmacological blockage of pro-inflammatory cytokines mitigates the physiological and behavioral tinnitus phenotype in acute rodent models. In addition, recent pain studies target a signaling pathway to prevent the transition from acute to chronic neuropathic pain, which could translate to tinnitus.

Summary
Neuroinflammation likely mediates hyperexcitability of the auditory pathway, driving the development of acute tinnitus. In chronic tinnitus, we believe translational regulation plays a role in maintaining persistent tinnitus signaling. We therefore propose this pathway as a potential therapeutic strategy.
On the Prediction of Uniaxial Tensile Behavior Beyond the Yield Point of Wrought and Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Quintana Maria J. , Temple Andrew J. , Harlow D. Gary , Collins Peter C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, phenomenological relationships are presented that permit the prediction of the plastic regime of stress–strain curves using a limited number of parameters. These relationships were obtained from both conventional (wrought + β annealed) and additively manufactured (i.e., “3D printed”) Ti-6Al-4V. Three different methods of additive manufacturing have been exploited to produce the materials, including large-volume electron beam additive manufacturing, large-volume laser hot wire additive manufacturing, and small-volume selective laser melting. The general fundamental expressions are independent not only of the additive manufacturing process, but also of a wide variety of post-deposition heat treatments, however the coefficients are specific to material states. Thus, this work demonstrates that it is possible to predict not only the ultimate tensile strength, but also the full true stress, true strain curves, if certain parameters of the material are known. In general, the prediction of ultimate tensile strength are within 5% of the experimentally measured values across all additive manufacturing variants and subsequent heat treatments. The absolute values of ultimate tensile strength range from ~ 910 MPa to ~ 1170 MPa for the single alloy Ti-6Al-4V. Data representing 113 explicit samples are included in this work.
A substructure approach for analyzing pile foundation and soil vibrations due to train running over viaduct and its validation
Authors: Wu Ying , Bian Xuecheng , Cheng Chong , Jiang Jianqun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn efficient computational approach based on substructure methodology is proposed to analyze the viaduct–pile foundation–soil dynamic interaction under train loads. The train–viaduct subsystem is solved using the dynamic stiffness integration method, and its accuracy is verified by the existing analytical solution for a moving vehicle on a simply supported beam. For the pile foundation–soil subsystem, the geometric and material properties of piles and soils are assumed to be invariable along the azimuth direction. By introducing the equivalent stiffness of grouped piles, the governing equations of pile foundation–soil interaction are simplified based on Fourier decomposition method, so the three-dimensional problem is decomposed into several two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element models. The pile foundation–soil interaction model is verified by field measurements due to shaker loading at pile foundation top. In addition, these two substructures are coupled with the displacement compatibility condition at interface of pier bottom and pile foundation top. Finally, the proposed train–viaduct–pile foundation–soil interaction model was validated by field tests. The results show that the proposed model can predict vibrations of pile foundation and soil accurately, thereby providing a basis for the prediction of pile–soil foundation settlement. The frequency spectra of the vibration in Beijing–Tianjin high-speed railway demonstrated that the main frequencies of the pier top and ground surface are below 100 and 30 Hz, respectively.
On the notion of sequentially Cohen–Macaulay modules
Authors: Caviglia Giulio , De Stefani Alessandro , Sbarra Enrico , Strazzanti Francesco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this survey paper, we first present the main properties of sequentially Cohen–Macaulay modules. Some basic examples are provided to help the reader with quickly getting acquainted with this topic. We then discuss two generalizations of the notion of sequential Cohen–Macaulayness which are inspired by a theorem of Jürgen Herzog and the third author.
Multi-layer stacking ensemble learners for low footprint network intrusion detection
Authors: Shafieian Saeed , Zulkernine Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMachine learning has become the standard solution to problems in many areas, such as image recognition, natural language processing, and spam detection. In the area of network intrusion detection, machine learning techniques have also been successfully used to detect anomalies in network traffic. However, there is less tolerance in the network intrusion detection domain in terms of errors, especially false positives. In this paper, we define strict acceptance criteria, and show that only very few ensemble learning classifiers are able to meet them in detecting low footprint network intrusions. We compare bagging, boosting, and stacking techniques, and show how methods such as multi-layer stacking can outperform other ensemble techniques and non-ensemble models in detecting such intrusions. We show how different variations on a stacking ensemble model can play a significant role on the classification performance. Malicious examples in our dataset are from the network intrusions that exfiltrate data from a target machine. The benign examples are captured by network taps in geographically different locations on a big corporate network. Among hundreds of ensemble models based on seven different base learners, only three multi-layer stacking models meet the strict acceptance criteria, and achieve an F1 score of 0.99, and a false-positive rate of 0.001. Furthermore, we show that our ensemble models outperform different deep neural network models in classifying low footprint network intrusions.
Using true-triaxial stress path to simulate excavation-induced rock damage: a case study
Authors: Bai Qingsheng , Zhang Cun , Paul Young R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study presents an example illustrating the role of in situ 3D stress path method in simulating the roof damage development observed in the Mine-by tunnel at Underground Research Laboratory (URL) located in Manitoba, Canada. The 3D stress path, at the point 1 cm in the crown of the Mine-by tunnel, was applied to a cubic Lac du Bonnet (LdB) granite sample to further understand the roof damage process and the associated seismicity. After careful calibrations, a numerical model was used to reproduce the experiment, which produced similar seismicity processes and source mechanisms. Acoustic emission (AE) events obtained from laboratory and numerical modeling were converted to locations in relation to the tunnel face and were compared to the field microseismicity (MS) occurring in the upper notch region of the Mine-by tunnel. The crack development and damage mechanism are carefully illustrated. The difference between tests and field monitoring was discussed. The intermediate principal stress (σ2) unloading process was carried out in numerical simulation to investigate its role in rock damage development. The results clearly showed σ2 could play a significant role both in damage development and failure mode. It should be considered when predicting the damage region in underground excavations. This study highlights the potential role of laboratory and numerical stress path tests to investigate fracture processes and mechanisms occurring during engineering activities such as tunnel excavation.
Hypergraph cuts with edge-dependent vertex weights
Authors: Zhu Yu , Segarra Santiago 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe develop a framework for incorporating edge-dependent vertex weights (EDVWs) into the hypergraph minimums-tcut problem. These weights are able to reflect different importance of vertices within a hyperedge, thus leading to better characterized cut properties. More precisely, we introduce a new class of hyperedge splitting functions that we call EDVWs-based, where the penalty of splitting a hyperedge depends only on the sum of EDVWs associated with the vertices on each side of the split. Moreover, we provide a way to construct submodular EDVWs-based splitting functions and prove that a hypergraph equipped with such splitting functions can be reduced to a graph sharing the same cut properties. In this case, the hypergraph minimums-tcut problem can be solved using well-developed solutions to the graph minimums-tcut problem. In addition, we show that an existing sparsification technique can be easily extended to our case and makes the reduced graph smaller and sparser, thus further accelerating the algorithms applied to the reduced graph. Numerical experiments using real-world data demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed EDVWs-based splitting functions in comparison with the all-or-nothing splitting function and cardinality-based splitting functions commonly adopted in existing work.
Shortening the delivery time of proton therapy by real-time compensation method with raster scanning
Authors: Sun Xiang-Shang , Li Yong-Jiang , Liu Jun-Ya , Liao Wen-Tao , Wu Chao , Pu Yue-Hu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAmong the various scanning techniques, spot and raster scanning are the most frequently adopted. Raster scanning turns off the beam only when each isoenergy slice irradiation is completed. This feature intrinsically solves the leakage dose and frequent beam-switching problems encountered during spot scanning. However, to shorten the delivery time of raster scanning, a sophisticated dose control strategy is required to guarantee dose distribution. In this study, a real-time compensation method with raster scanning for synchrotron systems was designed. It is characterized by a small spot-spacing planning strategy and real-time subtraction of the transient number of particles delivered between two planning-spot positions from the planned number of particles of the subsequent raster point. The efficacy of the compensation method was demonstrated by performing accurate raster scanning simulations with an in-house simulation code and accurate final dose evaluations with a commercial treatment planning system. Given the similar dose evaluation criteria under a practical high scanning speed, compared with the spot scanning method, the total delivery time of the compensated raster scanning method was significantly shortened by 53.3% in the case of irradiating a cubical target and by 28.8% in a pelvic case. Therefore, it can be concluded that real-time compensated raster scanning with a fast scanning configuration can significantly shorten the delivery time compared to that of spot scanning. It is important to reduce the pressure on patients caused by prolonged immobilization and to improve patient throughput capacity at particle therapy centers.
Dickdarmkrebsscreening in der Schweiz: Sind unsere Patienten genügend motiviert?
Authors: Marbet Urs A. , Stoffel Sandro T. , Brunner-Schaub Nora 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungEin breites Bevölkerungsscreening könnte die Mortalität von Dickdarmkrebs erheblich reduzieren. Die Darmkrebsvorsorge ist in der Schweiz aber wenig beliebt. Um die Voraussetzungen für eine effiziente Darmkrebsvorsorge zu schaffen, müssen unterschiedlichste Verbesserungen angestrebt werden. Finanzielle Hindernisse sollten gesamtschweizerisch abgebaut und einheitliche Richtlinien geschaffen werden. Die Verfügbarkeit von verschiedenen wissenschaftlich etablierten Tests sollte den persönlichen Präferenzen Rechnung tragen. Das allgemeine Bewusstsein um die Bedeutung des Dickdarmkrebses muss verbessert und die verbreiteten Ängste und falschen Vorstellungen abgebaut werden. Alle Bemühungen dürfen nicht nur jene erreichen, die regelmässig einen Arzt aufsuchen, sondern müssen auch sozial schlechter Gestellte erfassen und sprachliche Barrieren überwinden. Die Rolle des Hausarztes bei der Entscheidungsfindung ist zentral. Hausärzte sollten durch Erinnerungssysteme und allenfalls Entschädigungen für den administrativen Aufwand unterstützt werden. Positive Screeningtests müssen innert nützlicher Frist abgeklärt werden, was genügend Endoskopie-Plätze bedingt. Organisierte überregionale Vorsorgeprogramme können mithelfen, die Qualität und den Nutzen langfristig zu sichern.
Endogenous rural dynamics: an analysis of labour markets, human resource practices and firm performance
Authors: Margarian Anne , Détang-Dessendre Cécile , Barczak Aleksandra , Tanguy Corinne 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSome rural locations in industrialized countries have experienced considerable employment growth in the last decades, while others suffer from depopulation and decline. The paper aims to contribute to the development of an evolutionary approach that allows for the identification of those often difficult-to-observe evolving factors that explain success and failure of rural locations. It also wants to show how the combined recognition of evolutionary labour market perspectives, the dynamic capability view of the firm, and human resource management (HRM) theories can serve the operationalisation of evolutionary explanations in this context. According to the derived model, apparent locational disadvantages might be compensated for by subtle, potentially self-enforcing labour market dynamics that generate opportunities for certain firms and industries. Empirically, the ideas are substantiated by means of a mediation model. The empirical analysis is based on latent class analysis and discrete choice models using data from an own survey of 200 food-processing firms in urban and rural locations of one German federal state. For these observations, our results support the idea that the exploitation of HRM opportunities may be more important for good performance in rural labour markets than the direct implementation of specific innovation modes. Investment in HRM allows rural firms in our sample to realise those gains in terms of innovation and growth offered by the creation of a stable and experienced workforce. Their focus on internal labour markets potentially generates external effects, which further encourages neighbouring firms to also invest in involved HRM measures.
Are delusions pathological beliefs?
Authors: Bortolotti Lisa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn chapter 3 of Delusions and Beliefs, Kengo Miyazono argues that, when delusions are pathological beliefs, they are so due to their being both harmful and malfunctional. In this brief commentary, I put pressure on Miyazono’s account of delusions as harmful malfunctioning beliefs. No delusions might satisfy the malfunction criterion and some delusions might fail to satisfy the harmfulness criterion when such conditions are interpreted as criteria for pathological beliefs. In the end, I raise a general concern about attributing pathological status to single beliefs out of context, and gesture towards the idea of pathology as a failure of agency to which some beliefs can contribute but that can only be identified by considering the person as a whole.
Local wound infiltration with a mixture of tramadol and bupivacaine versus bupivacaine alone in those undergoing lower abdominal surgery: Prospective cohort study, 2020
Authors: Gebremedhin Tsegaye Demeke , Obsa Mohammed Suleiman , Andebirku Andualem Assefa , Gemechu Ashebir Debalike , Haile Kirubel Eshetu , Zemedkun Abebayehu 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBackground:Postoperative pain can have immediate and long-term consequences, including poor outcomes and prolonged hospitalization. It can also lead to chronic pain if not treated. Wound site infiltration with local anesthetic agents provides desirable analgesia for postoperative pain relief. The purpose of this study was to compare the analgesic effectiveness of local wound infiltration with a mixture of bupivacaine and tramadol (BT) versus bupivacaine alone (BA) for postoperative analgesia.Method:A prospective cohort study design was employed on 120 patients who underwent elective lower abdominal surgery under general or spinal anesthesia and were selected by using a systematic random sampling technique. Patients were divided into two groups based on the anesthetist in charge of postoperative pain management. Patients who received BT at the end of surgery are called BT groups, and patients who received BA are called BA groups (control).Result:The median (interquartile range) of pain severity score was significantly lower in the BT group as compared to the BA group with a p-value of 0.001. And, the median time to first analgesic request in the BT group was significantly longer as compared to patients in the BA group, with a p-value of 0.001.Conclusion:Local wound infiltration with BT decreases the postoperative pain score, total analgesic consumption, and has a prolonged time to first analgesia request as compared to BA. Therefore, we recommend using a local wound infiltration with BT to be effective for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing elective lower abdominal surgery under general or spinal anesthesia.Highlights
Fake News in the Sahel: “Afrancaux News,” French Counterterrorism, and the Logics of User-Generated Media
Authors: Kirwin Matthew , Ouedraogo Lassane , Warner Jason 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStudies of fake news have historically suffered from being primarily Western-centric and focusing on “news” emanating from formal media outlets. The Sahel has generated its own unique version of fake news, the authors refer to as Afrancaux News. Using nationwide public opinion surveys in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger, open-source online forum ethnographic research, and postcolonial epistemological predispositions, the authors suggest that although other historical instantiations exist, the most prominent contemporary example of Afrancaux News can be seen in the fake news stories related to the French counterterrorism presence in the Sahel.
Cell repertoire and proliferation of germinative cells of the model cestode Mesocestoides corti
Authors: Domínguez María Fernanda , Costábile Alicia , Koziol Uriel , Preza Matías , Brehm Klaus , Tort José F. , Castillo Estela 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe phylum Platyhelminthes shares a unique population of undifferentiated cells responsible for the proliferation capacity needed for cell renewal, growth, tissue repair and regeneration. These cells have been extensively studied in free-living flatworms, whereas in cestodes the presence of a set of undifferentiated cells, known as germinative cells, has been demonstrated in classical morphology studies, but poorly characterized with molecular biology approaches. Furthermore, several genes have been identified as neoblast markers in free-living flatworms that deserve study in cestode models. Here, different cell types of the model cestode Mesocestoides corti were characterized, identifying differentiated and germinative cells. Muscle cells, tegumental cells, calcareous corpuscle precursor cells and excretory system cells were identified, all of which are non-proliferative, differentiated cell types. Besides those, germinative cells were identified as a population of small cells with proliferative capacity in vivo. Primary cell culture experiments in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), Echinococcus hydatid fluid and hepatocyte conditioned media in non-reductive or reductive conditions confirmed that the germinative cells were the only ones with proliferative capacity. Since several genes have been identified as markers of undifferentiated neoblast cells in free-living flatworms, the expression of pumilio and pL10 genes was analysed by qPCR and in situ hybridization, showing that the expression of these genes was stronger in germinative cells but not restricted to this cell type. This study provides the first tools to analyse and further characterise undifferentiated cells in a model cestode.
Filling lexical gaps and more: code-switching for the power of expression by young bilinguals
Authors: TULLOCH Michelle K. , HOFF Erika 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this preregistered, longitudinal study of early code-switching, 34 US-born, Spanish–English bilingual children were recorded with a bilingual family member at 2;6 and 3;6, in Spanish-designated and English-designated interactions. Children’s Spanish and English expressive vocabulary and their exposure to code-switching were measured through direct assessment and caregiver report. The children code-switched most frequently at speaker changes; within-turn and within-utterance codeswitching were rare. By 3;6, switches to English were significantly more frequent than switches to Spanish. At both ages, Spanish proficiency was a negative predictor of the frequency of switching to English, but children’s degree of English dominance uniquely explained additional variance. Thus, children appear to code-switch not merely to fill gaps in their weaker language but to maximize their expressive power. Neither individual differences in exposure to code-switching nor in the interlocutors’ language proficiency were consistently related to the children’s rate of code-switching.