bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two Novel Flavonoids and Cytotoxicity Evaluation from Cryptocarya yunnanensis
Authors: Su Yu , Song Wanbin , He Qian , Fan Yue , Rao Li , Liu Yu , Zhang Yinan , Zhang Chuan‐Rui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTwo new flavonoids, cryunchalcone (1) and cryptoyunnanone I (2), were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Cryptocarya yunnanensis. Their structures were elucidated by the detailed spectroscopic data analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Cryunchalcone (1) is a biflavonoid constructed by a dihydrochalcone coupled with a chalcone through an unprecedented C‐2′′−C‐6 linkage. Cryptoyunnanone I (2) is a unique complex flavanone bearing a phenylpropanoid moiety.
Design, Synthesis and In Vivo Fluorescence Imaging Study of a Cytochrome P450 1B1 Targeted NIR Probe Containing a Chelator Moiety
Authors: Wang Zengtao , Chen Dongmei , Fan Qiqi , Wu Zhihao , Dong Jinyun , Cui Jiahua , Wang Jie , Xu Ting , Meng Qingqing , Li Shaoshun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1 has been found to be overexpressed specifically in tumor tissues at an early stage, which makes it a potential cancer biomarker for molecular imaging. Multimodal imaging combines different imaging modalities and offers more comprehensive information. Thus, imaging probes bearing more than one kind of signal fragment have been extensively explored and display great promise. Herein, we developed a near infrared (NIR) probe with a chelator moiety targeting CYP1B1 by conjugating α‐naphthoflavone (ANF) derivatives with both an NIR dye and a chelator for potential application in bimodal imaging. Enzymatic inhibitory studies demonstrated inhibitory activity against CYP1B1 and selectivity among CYP1 were successfully retained after chemical modification. Cell‐based saturation studies indicated nanomolar range binding affinity between the probe and CYP1B1 overexpressed cancer cells. In vitro competitive binding assays monitored by confocal microscopy revealed that the probe could specifically accumulate in tumor cells. In vivo and ex vivo imaging studies demonstrated that the probe could effectively light‐up the tumor tissues as early as 2 hours post‐injection. In addition, the fluorescence was significantly blocked by co‐injection of CYP1B1 inhibitor, which indicated the probe accumulation in tumor sites was due to specific binding to CYP1B1.
Gas‐Phase Errors Affect DFT‐Based Electrocatalysis Models of Oxygen Reduction to Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Almeida Michell O. , Kolb Manuel J. , Lanza Marcos R. V. , Illas Francesc , Calle‐Vallejo Federico 
Published: May 2022

AbstractElectrochemical production of H2O2 is more benign and affordable than the conventional route, yet its adoption requires the discovery of robust, cost‐effective catalysts. DFT‐based models lead to conspicuous breakthroughs but had some known limitations, for instance the poor description of molecules with certain chemical bonds. Here, the errors in H2O2 and O2 displayed by various GGAs, meta‐GGAs and hybrids were assessed and semi empirically corrected. The errors in O2 with respect to experiments were in the range of −0.95 to −0.22 eV, whereas those in H2O2 spanned from −0.53 to −0.04 eV. Thus, single and double O−O bonds were poorly described in general, and the errors were nearly twice as negative for double bonds. Furthermore, these errors introduced large deviations in the predictions of free energies for O2 reduction to H2O2, and the equilibrium potentials and optimal adsorption energies of *OOH could either be sizably overestimated or underestimated.
A Uranium(IV) Alkyl Complex: Synthesis and Catalytic Property in Carbonyl Hydroboration
Authors: Sun Xiong , Gong Xingxing , Xie Zhuoyi , Zhu Congqing 
Published: May 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe strong oxophilicity of actinide complexes prevents their applications in the transformation of oxygen‐containing substrates. Herein, we report the use of a uranium(IV) alkyl complex as a catalyst for the hydroboration of carbonyl compounds. This reaction has good functional group tolerance and chemo‐selectivity under mild conditions. This study represents the rare example of catalytic reaction promoted by a uranium alkyl complex and highlights the potential of uranium complexes in synthetic chemistry.
Determination of UV Filters in Surface Water by VA‐DLLME‐SFOD Technique Coupled with GC‐MS/MS
Authors: Yücel Cemile , Ertaş Hasan , Ertaş Fatma Nil , Karapinar İlgi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA simple, rapid, and sensitive method is developed for the determination of UV filters in river waters by applying the vortex‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidified floating organic droplet technique followed by the injector port silylation (IPS) in a gas chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry system. Statistical experimental design methods including general factorial design, one factor at a time, and central composite face‐centered design are used for optimization purposes. Under optimized conditions, 460 µL of acetone and 30 µL of 2‐dodecanone are rapidly injected into a 10 mL water sample with 10% (w/v) NaCl at pH 2.5 and vortexed for 3 min. After centrifugation, 2 µL of the separated organic solvent is subjected to auto‐IPS with 1 µL of bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide containing 1% trimethylchlorosilane, at 260 °C for 4.5 min in programmable temperature vaporization mode. As a result of the validation studies, the intra‐day and inter‐day precision indicated as relative standard deviation are less than 12.4% and 18.8%, respectively. For all UV filters, detection limits are between 1.1 and 5.5 ng L−1 and limit of quantitation values are between 3.1 and 16.6 ng L−1. Successful recovery of extraction values (77.1%–107.4%) and good enrichment factors (231–350) are obtained.
The brain of the tree pangolin (Manis tricuspis). VII. The amygdaloid body
Authors: Imam Aminu , Bhagwandin Adhil , Ajao Moyosore S. , Manger Paul R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHere, we describe the cytoarchitecture and chemoarchitecture of the amygdaloid body of the tree pangolin. Our definition of the amygdaloid body includes the pallial portions of the amygdala, and the centromedial group that is a derivative of the subpallium and part of the extended amygdala. The remainder of the extended amygdala is not described herein. Within the amygdaloid body of the tree pangolin, we identified the basolateral group (composed of the lateral, basal, and accessory basal amygdaloid nuclei), the superficial, or cortical nuclei (the anterior and posterior cortical nuclei, the periamygdaloid cortex, and nuclei of the olfactory tract), the centromedial group (the central amygdaloid nucleus and the medial nuclear cluster), and other amygdaloid nuclei (the anterior amygdaloid area, the amygdalohippocampal area, the intramedullary group, and intercalated islands). The location within and relative to each other within the amygdaloid body and the internal subdivisions of these groups were very similar to that reported in other mammalian species, with no clearly derived features specific to the tree pangolin. The only variation was the lack of an insular appearance of the intercalated islands, which in the tree pangolin were observed as a continuous band of neurons located dorsomedial to the basolateral group similar in appearance to and almost continuous with the intramedullary group. In carnivores, the closest relatives of the pangolins, and laboratory rats, a similar appearance of portions of the intercalated islands has been noted.
On the Yau‐Tian‐Donaldson Conjecture for Generalized Kähler‐Ricci Soliton Equations
Authors: Han Jiyuan , Li Chi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLet (X,D) be a polarized log variety with an effective holomorphic torus action, and Θ be a closed positive torus invariant (1,1) ‐current. For any smooth positive function g defined on the moment polytope of the torus action, we study the Monge‐Ampère equations that correspond to generalized and twisted Kähler‐Ricci g‐solitons. We prove a version of the Yau‐Tian‐Donaldson (YTD) conjecture for these general equations, showing that the existence of solutions is always equivalent to an equivariantly uniform Θ‐twisted g‐Ding‐stability. When Θ is a current associated to a torus invariant linear system, we further show that equivariant special test configurations suffice for testing the stability. Our results allow arbitrary klt singularities and generalize most of previous results on (uniform) YTD conjecture for (twisted) Kähler‐Ricci/Mabuchi solitons or Kähler‐Einstein metrics. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Two Formulations of Rosuvastatin Following Single‐dose Administration in Healthy Chinese Subjects Under Fasted and Fed Conditions
Authors: Zhu Ke‐Wei , Wang Gan‐Mi , Li Chu‐Yuan , Liu Ju‐Yan , Huang Jin‐Ying , Wu Jia‐Rong , Song Wen‐Jie , Deng Jun , Wang Jian‐Song , Qin Fei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe main objective of the study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two rosuvastatin calcium tablets in healthy Chinese subjects under fasted and fed conditions. The study was carried out using a randomized, open‐label, two‐formulation, two‐sequence, two‐period, single‐dose crossover design, with a washout period of 7 days. Both the fasted study and fed study enrolled 28 subjects. In each study period, the subjects were administrated a single oral dose of the test product or reference product of rosuvastatin 10 mg. Blood samples were collected from pre‐dose to 72 hours after administration with 16 time points in total. Bioequivalence evaluation was performed using ln‐transformed pharmacokinetic parameters of rosuvastatin, including Cmax, AUC0–t, and AUC0–∞. In the present study, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of test/reference geometric mean ratios (GMRs) of Cmax, AUC0–t, and AUC0–∞ under the fasted and fed conditions were all within the acceptance range of 80%–125%. Additionally, only one subject experienced one adverse event (AE). High‐fat meals reduced the Cmax, AUC0–t, and AUC0–∞, but had no significant effects on the λz, t1/2, or Tmax of rosuvastatin. In the current study, the test product was bioequivalent to the reference product, and a single dose of rosuvastatin (10 mg) was well‐tolerated. Food decreased the systemic exposure of rosuvastatin without the effects on the Tmax or elimination rate.
A Simple Quantitative Assay for Measuring β‐Galactosidase Activity Using X‐Gal in Yeast‐Based Interaction Analyses
Authors: Trimborn Laura , Hoecker Ute , Ponnu Jathish 
Published: May 2022

AbstractYeast‐based interaction assays to determine protein‐protein and protein‐nucleic acid interactions commonly rely on the reconstitution of chimeric transcription factors that activate the expression of target reporter genes. The enzyme β‐galactosidase (β‐gal), coded by the LacZ gene of Escherichia coli, is a widely used reporter in yeast systems, and its expression is commonly assessed by evaluating its activity. X‐gal (5‐bromo‐4‐chloro‐3‐indolyl‐β‐d‐galactopyranoside) is an inexpensive and sensitive substrate of β‐gal, whose hydrolysis results in an intensely blue colored and easily detectable end product, 5,5′‐dibromo‐4,4′‐dichloro‐indigo. The insoluble nature of this end product, however, makes X‐gal‐based assays unsuitable for direct spectrophotometric absorbance quantification. As such, the use of X‐gal is mostly restricted to solid‐support approaches, such as colony lift or agar plate assays, which often only provide a qualitative readout. In this article, we describe a quantitative solid‐phase X‐gal assay to measure protein‐protein interaction strength in yeast cells using a simple and low‐cost experimental setup. We have optimized multiple aspects of the assay, namely sample preparation, reaction time, and quantification method, for speed and consistency. By integrating the use of a freely available ImageJ‐based plugin, we have further standardized the assay for reliability and reproducibility. This improved quantitative X‐gal assay can be performed in a standard molecular biology lab without the need for any specialized equipment other than an inexpensive and widely accessible smartphone camera. To exemplify the protocol, we provide detailed step‐by‐step instructions to perform a quantitative X‐gal assay to assess the interaction between two Arabidopsis thaliana proteins, SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA‐105 1 (SPA1) and PRODUCTION OF ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENT 2 (PAP2). To demonstrate the sensitivity of our assay in detecting weaker interactions, we also compare the results with a liquid‐phase assay that uses ONPG (ortho‐nitrophenyl‐β‐galactopyranoside) as a substrate for β‐gal. The quantitative X‐gal assay described here can easily be adapted for high‐throughout interaction studies and protein domain mapping, even in yeast strains with low levels of LacZ expression. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of competent yeast cells and transformationAlternate Protocol 1: In‐house preparation of yeast competent cells for use in lithium acetate (LiAc)–mediated yeast transformationSupport Protocol: Long‐term storage and revival of frozen yeast strain stocksBasic Protocol 2: Measuring β‐galactosidase activity via the quantitative X‐gal assayAlternate Protocol 2: Quantification of interaction strength using liquid ONPG assay
The three pillars of sustainability and agile project management: How do they influence each other
Authors: Gomes Silva Francisco José , Kirytopoulos Konstantinos , Pinto Ferreira Luis , Sá José Carlos , Santos Gilberto , Cancela Nogueira Maria Carolina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCompanies face new challenges needing to find ways to stand out from the competitors. All companies face new projects, which need to be managed assertively and faster, launching new products on the market ahead of competitors. This strategy requires enormous dexterity and agility within teams, which are increasingly multifaceted, multidisciplinary, and multifunctional. However, teams need to conciliate apparent freedom for creation with the sustainability rules, which are increasingly demanding, such as legislation and image that companies want to pass on to the market in terms of corporate social responsibility, ensuring a sustainable development of the companies. The goal of this work is to investigate and correlate agile project management and sustainability, taking into account that there are strong relationships, as well as to learn how agile project management affects organization's social, environmental, and economical dynamics from the triple bottom line standpoint. The research examines how agile project management ideas are connected to the triple bottom line concepts based on the literature. The framework was based on the theoretical assumptions underpinning the present research. The basic structure of the developed framework is based on the framework of a matrix‐based method for ordering and synthesizing data. Thus, network diagrams have been developed reproducing the links existing in the literature, both explicitly and implicitly. However, they were deeply expanded considering links not previously referred in the literature. An explanation about these new links is also provided, justifying their inclusion. Hence, the new diagrams offer a more complete landscape about how the adoption of agile practices in project management can improve sustainability in its different aspects, and vice‐versa. The findings reveal that implementing agile project management induces direct effects on an organization's social, economic, and environmental dynamics of the companies, as well as in their teams, with a favorable effect on all of them.
Beyond carbon flux partitioning: Carbon allocation and nonstructural carbon dynamics inferred from continuous fluxes
Authors: Miao Guofang , Noormets Asko , Gavazzi Michael , Mitra Bhaskar , Domec Jean‐Christophe , Sun Ge , McNulty Steve , King John S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCarbon (C) allocation and nonstructural carbon (NSC) dynamics play essential roles in plant growth and survival under stress and disturbance. However, quantitative understanding of these processes remains limited. Here we propose a framework where we connect commonly measured carbon cycle components (eddy covariance fluxes of canopy CO2 exchange, soil CO2 efflux, and allometry‐based biomass and net primary production) by a simple mass balance model to derive ecosystem‐level NSC dynamics (NSCi), C translocation (dCi), and the biomass production efficiency (BPEi) in above‐ and belowground plant (i = agp and bgp) compartments. We applied this framework to two long‐term monitored loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations of different ages in North Carolina and characterized the variations of NSC and allocation in years under normal and drought conditions. The results indicated that the young stand did not have net NSC flux at the annual scale, whereas the mature stand stored a near‐constant proportion of new assimilates as NSC every year under normal conditions, which was comparable in magnitude to new structural growth. Roots consumed NSC in drought and stored a significant amount of NSC post drought. The above‐ and belowground dCi and BPEi varied more from year to year in the young stand and approached a relatively stable pattern in the mature stand. The belowground BPEbgp differed the most between the young and mature stands and was most responsive to drought. With the internal C dynamics quantified, this framework may also improve biomass production estimation, which reveals the variations resulting from droughts. Overall, these quantified ecosystem‐scale dynamics were consistent with existing evidence from tree‐based manipulative experiments and measurements and demonstrated that combining the continuous fluxes as proposed here can provide additional information about plant internal C dynamics. Given that it is based on broadly available flux data, the proposed framework is promising to improve the allocation algorithms in ecosystem C cycle models and offers new insights into observed variability in soil–plant–climate interactions.
Ecological resilience of physical plant–soil feedback to chronic deer herbivory: Slow, partial, but functional recovery
Authors: Ohira Mitsuru , Gomi Takashi , Iwai Ayana , Hiraoka Marino , Uchiyama Yoshimi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEcological resilience to ungulate overbrowsing is an important issue in forest ecosystems. After chronic herbivory, the recovery rate of understory vegetation and its related functions can be slow even with decreasing grazing intensity; thus, detecting elasticity during alternative successional trajectories is fundamental to understanding state perturbations. In this context, we focused on physical plant–soil feedback (functional interactions between plant growth and soil physical conditions) and evaluated elasticity and recovery processes according to deer density. The effects of 40 years of chronic herbivory by sika deer (average density 14.7 individuals km−2) on the recovery of understory plant communities and associated changes in soil physical properties in headwater catchments were assessed. Using 8 years of catchment‐wide exclusion (fenced) and reduction (only culled; average 4.3 individuals km−2) treatments, plot sampling was conducted in 2010 (before treatment) and 2018 (after treatment). The recovery of vegetation and soil physical properties were evaluated, and functional plant–soil relationships and spatial variability were assessed to detect recovery processes during alternative successional trajectory. Woody species increased only under the exclusion treatment and the average soil bulk density was lower than that under reduction treatments. Soil bulk density was negatively correlated with root biomass in the fenced catchment, and root biomass was positively associated with woody species richness. Reduced soil bulk density (~0.5 g cm−3) was observed with greater root biomass and woody species richness on upper hillslopes in the deer‐excluded catchment where plant coverage was minimal. Successional failure under the reduction treatment suggested slow recovery with a depressed threshold according to deer density, indicating a clockwise hysteretic response to deer density. Unlike plant coverage during the earlier period of overbrowsing, woody species root development led the recovery of functional physical plant–soil feedback; however, this was probably limited by the higher soil erosion rate in riparian areas and an under‐developed herb layer. Our results highlight an alternative recovery trajectory of physical plant–soil feedback driven by an alternative plant element (woody roots) to recovery trajectory with increasing plant cover. However, riparian erosion and herb layer would still suppress recovery. Therefore, recovery might be slower at the landscape scale.
Extrinsic and intrinsic factors influencing the emergence and return of the Asian particolored batVespertilio sinensisto the summer roost
Authors: Feng Lei , Qin Hexuan , Li Jingjing , Li Xin , Feng Jiang , Jiang Tinglei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCircadian rhythms play a crucial role in the health and survival of organisms. However, little is known concerning how intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect animal daily rhythms in the field, especially in nocturnal animals. Here, we investigated the first emergence, mid‐emergence, and return times ofVespertilio sinensis, and also integrated environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, and light intensity) and biotic factors (reproductive status and predation risk) to determine causes of variation in the activity rhythms of the bats. We found that variation in the first emergence time, the mid‐emergence time, and the final return time were distinct. The results demonstrated that the emergence and return times of bats were affected by light intensity, reproductive status, and predation risk in a relatively complex pattern. Light intensity had the greatest contribution to activity rhythms. Moreover, we first investigated the effects of actual predators on the activity rhythms of bats; the results showed that the mid‐emergence time of bats was earlier as predators were hunting, but the final return time was later when predators were present. Finally, our results also highlighted the importance of higher energy demands during the lactation in bats to variation in activity rhythms. These results improve our understanding of the patterns and causes of variation in activity rhythms in bats and other nocturnal animals.
Measuring plant biomass remotely using drones in arid landscapes
Authors: McCann Justin A. , Keith David A. , Kingsford Richard T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Measurement of variation in plant biomass is essential for answering many ecological and evolutionary questions. Quantitative estimates require plant destruction for laboratory analyses, while field studies use allometric approaches based on simple measurement of plant dimensions.

We estimated the biomass of individual shrub‐sized plants, using a low‐cost unmanned aerial system (drone), enabling rapid data collection and non‐destructive sampling. We compared volume measurement (a surrogate for biomass) and sampling time, from the simple dimension measurements and drone, to accurate laboratory‐derived biomass weights. We focused on three Australian plant species which are ecologically important to their terrestrial and floodplain ecosystems: porcupine grass Triodia scariosa, Queensland bluebush Chenopodium auricomum, and lignum Duma florulenta.

Estimated volume from the drone was more accurate than simple dimension measurements for porcupine grass and Queensland bluebush, compared to estimates from laboratory analyses but, not for lignum. The latter had a sparse canopy, with thin branches, few vestigial leaves and a similar color to the ground. Data collection and analysis consistently required more time for the drone method than the simple dimension measurements, but this would improve with automation.

The drone method promises considerable potential for some plant species, allowing data to be collected over large spatial scales and, in time series, increasing opportunities to answer complex ecological and evolutionary questions and monitor the state of ecosystems and plant populations.