bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recruitment credit cannot compensate for extinction debt in a degraded dry Afromontane forest
Authors: Hishe Hadgu , Giday Kidane , Fremout Tobias , Negussie Aklilu , Muys Bart 
Published: May 2022

AbstractQuestionAnthropogenic disturbances severely affect dryland forests worldwide, but their effects on woody species population structure and long‐term persistence remain poorly understood.LocationThe research was conducted in Desa'a, a dry Afromontane forest in northern Ethiopia, Tigray region.AimsWoody species diversity, extinction debt, recruitment credit and colonisation credit were quantified and mapped based on an inventory of mature and regenerating individuals in 303 systematically sampled plots.MethodsTo assess tree species population dynamics at the neighbourhood scale, each plot was pooled with 16 neighbouring plots, in which species composition in the mature and regeneration layers was compared to determine the number of regenerating species, extinction debt, recruitment credit and colonisation credit. At the regional scale (150,000 ha), all plots were pooled to obtain the number of regenerating species, extinction debt and recruitment credit.ResultsThe average density of the mature layer was 1,482 individuals per ha, representing 84 species and 44 families, with Juniperus procera and Olea europaea dominating. The regeneration layer had an average density of 14,909 individuals per hectare, with Dodonaea angustifolia and Cadia purpurea dominating. At the neighbourhood scale, the average number of regenerating species, extinction debt, recruitment credit and colonisation credit amounted to 12, 13, 5 and 68 species. Regionally, there were 58 regenerating species, an extinction debt of 26 species, and a recruitment credit of 12 species. Extinction debt was more than twice as high as recruitment credit at both the neighbourhood and regional scale.ConclusionAlthough regeneration density seemed sufficient to maintain forest density, it consisted of only a few species and is inadequate to maintain species diversity. It is urgent that forest managers recognise this and step‐up conservation and restoration efforts in this important forest relic. Assisted restoration is needed for those species potentially at risk of extinction.
Outcome of liver cancer patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: An International, Multicentre, Cohort Study
Authors: Muñoz‐Martínez Sergio , Sapena Victor , Forner Alejandro , Bruix Jordi , Sanduzzi‐Zamparelli Marco , Ríos José , Bouattour Mohamed , El‐Kassas Mohamed , Leal Cassia R. G. , Mocan Tudor , Nault Jean‐Charles , Alves Rogerio C. P. , Reeves Helen L. , da Fonseca Leonardo , García‐Juárez Ignacio , Pinato David J. , Varela María , Alqahtani Saleh A. , Alvares‐da‐Silva Mario R. , Bandi Juan C. , Rimassa Lorenza , Lozano Mar , González Santiago Jesús M. , Tacke Frank , Sala Margarita , Anders María , Lachenmayer Anja , Piñero Federico , França Alex , Guarino Maria , Elvevi Alessandra , Cabibbo Giuseppe , Peck‐Radosavljevic Markus , Rojas Ángela , Vergara Mercedes , Braconi Chiara , Pascual Sonia , Perelló Christie , Mello Vivianne , Rodríguez‐Lope Carlos , Acevedo Juan , Villani Rosanna , Hollande Clemence , Vilgrain Valérie , Tawheed Ahmed , Ferguson Theodoro Carmem , Sparchez Zeno , Blaise Lorraine , Viera‐Alves Daniele E. , Watson Robyn , Carrilho Flair J. , Moctezuma‐Velázquez Carlos , D'Alessio Antonio , Iavarone Massimo , Reig Maria 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground & AimsInformation about the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in patients with liver cancer is lacking. This study characterizes the outcomes and mortality risk in this population.MethodsMulticentre retrospective, cross‐sectional, international study of liver cancer patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection registered between February and December 2020. Clinical data at SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis and outcomes were registered.ResultsTwo hundred fifty patients from 38 centres were included, 218 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 32 with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). The median age was 66.5 and 64.5 years, and 84.9% and 21.9% had cirrhosis in the HCC and iCCA cohorts respectively. Patients had advanced cancer stage at SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis in 39.0% of the HCC and 71.9% of the iCCA patients. After a median follow‐up of 7.20 (IQR: 1.84–11.24) months, 100 (40%) patients have died, 48% of the deaths were SARS‐CoV‐2‐related. Forty (18.4%) HCC patients died within 30‐days. The death rate increase was significantly different according to the BCLC stage (6.10% [95% CI 2.24–12.74], 11.76% [95% CI 4.73–22.30], 20.69% [95% CI 11.35–31.96] and 34.52% [95% CI 17.03–52.78] for BCLC 0/A, B, C and D, respectively; p = .0017). The hazard ratio was 1.45 (95% CI 0.49–4.31; p = .5032) in BCLC‐B versus 0/A, and 3.13 (95% CI 1.29–7.62; p = .0118) in BCLC‐C versus 0/A in the competing risk Cox regression model. Nineteen out of 32 iCCA (59.4%) died, and 12 deaths were related to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.ConclusionsThis is the largest cohort of liver cancer patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2. It characterizes the 30‐day mortality risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infected patients with HCC during this period.
Sieve tube structural variation in Austrobaileya scandens and its significance for lianescence
Authors: Losada Juan M. , He Zhe , Holbrook N. Michele 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLianas combine large leaf areas with slender stems, features that require an efficient vascular system. The only extant member of the Austrobaileyaceae is an endemic twining liana of the tropical Australian forests with well‐known xylem hydraulics, but the vascular phloem continuum aboveground remains understudied. Microscopy analysis across leaf vein orders and stems of Austrobaileya scandens revealed a low foliar xylem:phloem ratio, with isodiametric vascular elements along the midrib, but tapered across vein orders. Sieve plate pore radii increased from 0.08 µm in minor veins to 0.12 µm in the petiole, but only to 0.20 µm at the stem base, tens of metres away. In easily bent searcher branches, phloem conduits have pectin‐rich walls and simple plates, whereas in twining stems, conduits were connected through highly angled and densely porated sieve plates. The hydraulic resistance of phloem conduits in the twisted and elongated stems of A. scandens is large compared with trees of similar stature; phloem hydraulic resistance decreases from leaves to stems, consistent with the efficient delivery of photoassimilates from sources under Münch predictions. Sink strength of a continuously growing canopy might be stronger than in self‐supporting understory plants, favoring resource allocation to aerial organs and the attainment of vertical stature.
Retracted: The constitutional court as a subject of the political process
Authors: Polovchenko Konstantin A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe article presents a study of the special powers of the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, reflecting the specifics of the state structure. The Constitutional Court of Bosnia has certain powers that can determine the specifics of the legal nature of this state. Leading in this study is the method of systems analysis, which allowed the author to analyze the degree of participation of the constitutional control body in ensuring the continuity of the law‐making process. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the implementation of the constitutional project is associated with ensuring the parity of interests of constitutive peoples and making the state mechanism provided in the constitution effective. Analyzing the institution of protection of vital interests in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the author concludes that the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina significantly influenced the change in the structure and content of this institution in the studied state.Related ArticlesNwokora, Zim, and Riccardo Pelizzo. 2015. “The Political Consequences of Party System Change.” Politics & Policy 43(4): 453–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12124/.Sevin, Efe. 2017. “A Multilayered Approach to Public Diplomacy Evaluation: Pathways of Connection.” Politics & Policy 45(5): 879–901. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12227.Skoog, Louise. 2021. “Where Did the Party Conflicts Go? How Horizontal Specialization in Political Systems Affects Party Conflicts.” Politics & Policy 49(2): 390–413. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12397.
Policy change and the failure of pro‐European agency in the British Conservative Party: A post‐structuralist analysis
Authors: Wright John S. F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUnder a post‐structuralist lens, the policy change through which Britain left the European Union in January 2020 is not only about the success of the Euroskeptic policy position at the 2016 referendum, but also about the failure of pro‐European agency in major British political parties like the Conservative and Unionist Party (CP). This article applies critical logics analysis—social, political, and fantasmatic—to deployments of pro‐European agency within the CP across three historical periods: (i) a pre‐Maastricht period, (ii) a Maastricht period, and (iii) a pre‐referendum period. I outline reasons for which key conservative agents failed to restore meaning to a policy routine for upholding British membership of European institutions. In doing so, I aim to demonstrate the capacity of post‐structuralist policy analysis to make insightful, rigorous, and useful contributions to political science and its important issue of policy change by way of comparison with more established models.Related ArticlesEnglish, Patrick, Maria T. Grasso, Barbara Buraczynska, Sotirios Karampampas, and Luke Temple. 2016. “Convergence on Crisis? Comparing Labour and Conservative Party Framing of the Economic Crisis in Britain, 2008–14.”Politics & Policy44(3): 577–603.http://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12160.Hazakis, Konstantinos J. 2015. “The Political Economy of Economic Adjustment Programs in the Eurozone: A Detailed Policy Analysis.”Politics & Policy43(6): 822–54.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12141.Temple, Luke, Maria T. Grasso, Barbara Buraczynska, Sotirios Karampampas, and Patrick English. 2016. “Neoliberal Narrative in Times of Economic Crisis: A Political Claims Analysis of the U.K. Press, 2007–14.”Politics & Policy44(3): 553–76.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12161.
The coordination of melatonin and anti‐bacterial activity by EIL5 underlies ethylene‐induced disease resistance in cassava
Authors: Wei Yunxie , Zhu Binbin , Ma Guowen , Shao Xiaodie , Xie Haoqi , Cheng Xiao , Zeng Hongqiu , Shi Haitao 
Published: May 2022

SUMMARYEthylene and melatonin are widely involved in plant development and environmental stress responses. However, the role of their direct relationship in the immune response and the underlying molecular mechanisms in plants remain elusive. Here, we found that Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) infection increased endogenous ethylene levels, which positively modulated plant disease resistance through activating melatonin accumulation in cassava. In addition, the ethylene‐responsive transcription factor ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE LIKE5 (MeEIL5), a positive regulator of disease resistance, was essential for ethylene‐induced melatonin accumulation and disease resistance in cassava. Notably, the identification of heat stress transcription factor 20 (MeHsf20) as an interacting protein of MeEIL5 indicated the association between ethylene and melatonin in plant disease resistance. MeEIL5 physically interacted with MeHsf20 to promote the transcriptional activation of the gene encoding N‐acetylserotonin O‐methyltransferase 2 (MeASMT2), thereby improving melatonin accumulation. Moreover, MeEIL5 promoted the physical interaction of MeHsf20 and pathogen‐related gene 3 (MePR3), resulting in improved anti‐bacterial activity of MePR3. This study illustrates the dual roles of MeEIL5 in fine‐tuning MeHsf20‐mediated coordination of melatonin biosynthesis and anti‐bacterial activity, highlighting the ethylene‐responsive MeEIL5 as the integrator of ethylene and melatonin signals in the immune response in cassava.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Social Science Studies, Vol. 10, No. 3
Authors: Young James 
Published: May 2022

International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 3 Agboola O. Paul, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, MalaysiaBassam Yousef Ibrahim Banat, Al-Quds University, PalestineBo Li, Miami University, USAEncarnación ABAD ARENAS, National University of Distance Education (UNED), SpainIvan Lenard, Elementary school Ladimirevci, CroatiaJehu Onyekwere Nnaji, University of Naples II, Italy and Globe Visions Network Italy, ItalyJulia M. Mack, Gannon University, USAMd. Nasir Uddin, Prime Minister’s Office, BangladeshMei-Ling Lin, National Open University, TaiwanMOHD NORAZMI BIN NORDIN, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, MalaysiaNAZIAH ABD. KADIR, Universiti Selangor, MalaysiaRachita Shrivastava Roy, Department of Higher Education,Chhatisgarh-India, IndiaRonaldo R. Larioque, NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, PhilippinesSana Ali, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, PakistanUğur DEMİRCİ, Turkish National Police, TurkeyWahyu Nugroho, Sahid University of Jakarta, IndonesiaYanzhe Zhang, Jilin University, ChinaZlatan Begić, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina James YoungEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of Social Science StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://ijsss.redfame.com
Evaluation of Thermal Performance of Conically Shaped Micro Helical Tubes Using Non-Newtonian Nanofluids–A Numerical Study
Authors: Zainith Prabhakar , Mishra Niraj Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, the cooling and heating of micro-thermal devices have received a growing interest. To improve the thermal management of these micro-thermal devices, various efforts are being made by the researchers. In the present study, conically shaped micro helical tubes are used to investigate the coil side heat transfer rate and friction factor of non-Newtonian nanofluids under laminar flow conditions. For the numerical analysis, single-phase approach with commercial software ansys-fluent-19 has been utilized. Investigations encompass generalized Reynold numbers ranging from 306 to 2159 and four different curvature ratios (0.066, 0.076, 0.088, and 0.1) of conically shaped micro helical tubes. The inner diameter of the helical tube is 2 mm and contains 20 turns. Al2O3-based non-Newtonian nanofluids with volume concentrations of 0.0%, 0.1%, and 0.2% having base fluid of aqueous solution of carboxymethyl-cellulose (CMC) are used as the working fluid (hot) for the coil side, while in the shell side cold water is used. The results from numerical investigation are validated and found in good agreement with earlier experimental results. The results show that with the increase in the curvature ratio of conically coiled tubes both heat transfer rate and friction factor increase by 46% and 98% respectively, for base fluid at a curvature ratio of 0.1. Also, the present study reveals that adding nanoparticles to the base fluid enhances the heat transfer rate to a maximum value of 40%. Moreover, the maximum value of thermal performance factor (TPF) is found to be 1.52.
Revisiting Huronian paleoslopes
Authors: Long Darrel G.F. 
Published: May 2022

It is commonly assumed that the gradients of pre-vegetation fluvial systems were greater than those of modern rivers. If the measured thickness of crossbeds is first corrected for post-depositional compaction, using thin-section-based observations, the corrected thickness data can be applied to a new suite of formulae, based on observations of >4000 modern rivers, to provide more realistic paleohydrological reconstructions of ancient river systems. Using this approach, after correction for 36% compaction, the average slope of the rivers that deposited the Mississagi Formation was calculated as 0.0013 m/m (0.0005–0.0026), with an average bankfull channel depth of 2.67 m. The slope of Serpent Formation rivers, after correction for 33.5% compaction, averaged 0.0007 m/m (0.0003–0.0016), with an average bankfull channel depth of 5.85 m. The calculation of slopes using this approach on these Paleoproterozoic and other Precambrian systems indicates that primary river gradients were similar to modern rivers, falling well below the “depositional gap”, of 0.007–0.026 m/m, between modern rivers and arid-region fans, negating the long-held idea that pre-vegetation rivers had higher slopes than their modern counterparts.
A Machine Learning Approach for Automated Filling of Categorical Fields in Data Entry Forms
Authors: Belgacem Hichem , Li Xiaochen , Bianculli Domenico , Briand Lionel 
Published: May 2022

Users frequently interact with software systems through data entry forms. However, form filling is time-consuming and error-prone. Although several techniques have been proposed to auto-complete or pre-fill fields in the forms, they provide limited support to help users fill categorical fields, i.e., fields that require users to choose the right value among a large set of options.In this article, we propose LAFF, a learning-based automated approach for filling categorical fields in data entry forms. LAFF first builds Bayesian Network models by learning field dependencies from a set of historical input instances, representing the values of the fields that have been filled in the past. To improve its learning ability, LAFF uses local modeling to effectively mine the local dependencies of fields in a cluster of input instances. During the form filling phase, LAFF uses such models to predict possible values of a target field, based on the values in the already-filled fields of the form and their dependencies; the predicted values (endorsed based on field dependencies and prediction confidence) are then provided to the end-user as a list of suggestions.We evaluated LAFF by assessing its effectiveness and efficiency in form filling on two datasets, one of them proprietary from the banking domain. Experimental results show that LAFF is able to provide accurate suggestions with a Mean Reciprocal Rank value above 0.73. Furthermore, LAFF is efficient, requiring at most 317 ms per suggestion.
Coagulação e fibrinólise: idéias atuais e suas aplicações clínicas
Authors: Langer Berilo , Wolosker Marcus 
Published: May 2022

Nota: Trabalho da Disciplina de Cirurgia Vascular do Departamento de Clínica Cirúrgica da FMUSP. Neste número especial com artigos publicados na Revista de Medicina em 1969, traz um comentário dos Drs. Fernando Luiz Torres Gomes, José Humberto Pucci de Mesquita Filho, Carlos Serrano Jr. (Departamento de Cardiologia da FMUSP).
Sex Differences in Characteristics, Treatments, and Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized for Non–ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction in China: 2006 to 2015
Authors: Guo Weihong , Du Xue , Gao Yan , Hu Shuang , Lu Yuan , Dreyer Rachel P. , Li Xi , Spatz Erica S. , Masoudi Frederick A. , Krumholz Harlan M. , Zheng Xin 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Sex differences in clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes among patients with non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction have been described in Western countries, but whether these differences exist in China is unknown.

Methods:
We used a 2-stage random sampling design to create a nationally representative sample of patients admitted to 151 Chinese hospitals for non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction in 2006, 2011, and 2015 and examined sex differences in clinical profiles, treatments, and in-hospital outcomes over this time. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for age or other potentially confounding clinical covariates were used to estimate these sex-specific differences.

Results:

Among 4611 patients, the proportion of women (39.8%) was unchanged between 2006 and 2015. Women were older with higher rates of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Among patients without contraindications, women were less likely to receive treatments than men, with significant differences for aspirin in 2015 (90.3% versus 93.9%) and for invasive strategy in 2011 (28.7% versus 45.7%) and 2015 (34.0% versus 48.4%). After adjusting for age, such differences in aspirin and invasive strategy in 2015 were not significant, but the difference in invasive strategy in 2011 persisted. The sex gaps in the use of invasive strategy did not narrow. From 2006 to 2015, a significant decrease in in-hospital mortality was observed in men (from 16.9% to 8.7%), but not in women (from 11.8% to 12.0%), with significant interaction between sex and study year (
P
=0.023). After adjustment, in-hospital mortality in women was significantly lower than men in 2006, but not in 2011 or 2015.

Conclusions:
Sex differences in cardiovascular risk factors and invasive strategy after non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction were observed between 2011 and 2015 in China. Although sex gaps in in-hospital mortality were largely explained by age differences, efforts to narrow sex-related disparities in quality of care should remain a focus.

Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01624883.
Emotions and Values in Practice: The Case of Elderly Care
Authors: Klausen Søren Harnow , Christiansen Regina , Emiliussen Jakob , Engelsen Søren 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The moral and epistemic significance of emotions has been increasingly emphasized in recent philosophy. The focus has been mostly on metaethical questions. We add a new perspective by considering the practical importance of gauging, reacting to, enhancing, or reducing the emotions of others and oneself. We focus particularly on the collective aspect of emotion development and regulation, how emotions are entangled with values, and how they may be used constructively for handling otherwise difficult situations. We use the case of elderly care, drawing on a qualitative study from a Danish municipality, to illustrate the complex and multifarious ways in which emotions shape the normative landscape in which attempts to maintain or improve well-being take place.