bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity dynamics of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in a freshwater lake
Authors: Villena‐Alemany Cristian , Mujakić Izabela , Porcal Petr , Koblížek Michal , Piwosz Kasia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAerobic anoxygenic photoheterotrophic (AAP) bacteria represent a functional group of prokaryotic organisms that harvests light energy using bacteriochlorophyll‐containing photosynthetic reaction centers. They represent an active and rapidly growing component of freshwater bacterioplankton, with the highest numbers observed usually in summer. Species diversity of freshwater AAP bacteria has been studied before in lakes, but its seasonal dynamics remain unknown. In this report, we analysed temporal changes in the composition of the phototrophic community in an oligo‐mesotrophic freshwater lake using amplicon sequencing of the pufM marker gene. The AAP community was dominated by phototrophic Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria, with smaller contribution of phototrophic Chloroflexota and Gemmatimonadota. Phototrophic Eremiobacteriota or members of Myxococcota were not detected. Interestingly, some AAP taxa, such as Limnohabitans, Rhodoferax, Rhodobacterales or Rhizobiales, were permanently present over the sampling period, while others, such as Sphingomonadales, Rhodospirillales or Caulobacterales appeared only transiently. The environmental factors that best explain the seasonal changes in AAP community were temperature, concentrations of oxygen and dissolved organic matter.
Measuring a contract's breadth: A text analysis
Authors: McCannon Bryan , Hall Joshua , Zhou Yang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe use a computational linguistic algorithm to measure the topics covered in teacher contracts. Topic modeling metrics are used to assess a contract's expansiveness. Our topic, diversity measurement, is then related to the prevalence of support staff. If more specialized services are provided, then contracts should be broader as they cover more employment relationships. We confirm a strong, statistically significant relationship and, thus, have a valid measurement of contract breadth.
The distinct associations of ingroup attachment and glorification with responses to the coronavirus pandemic: Evidence from a multilevel investigation in 21 countries
Authors: McLamore Quinnehtukqut , Syropoulos Stylianos , Leidner Bernhard , Hirschberger Gilad , van Bezouw Maarten J. , Rovenpor Daniel , Paladino Maria Paola , Baumert Anna , Bilewicz Michal , Bilgen Arda , Chatard Armand , Chekroun Peggy , Chinchilla Juana , Choi Hoon‐Seok , Euh Hyun , Gomez Angel , Kardos Peter , Khoo Ying Hooi , Li Mengyao , Légal Jean‐Baptiste , Loughnan Steve , Mari Silvia , Tan‐Mansukhani Roseann , Muldoon Orla , Noor Masi , Petrović Nebojša , Selvanathan Hema Preya , Uluğ Özden Melis , Wohl Michael J. , Yeung Wai Lan Victoria , Young Kevin , Zein Rizqy Amelia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhile public health crises such as the coronavirus pandemic transcend national borders, practical efforts to combat them are often instantiated at the national level. Thus, national group identities may play key roles in shaping compliance with and support for preventative measures (e.g., hygiene and lockdowns). Using data from 25,159 participants across representative samples from 21 nations, we investigated how different modalities of ingroup identification (attachment and glorification) are linked with reactions to the coronavirus pandemic (compliance and support for lockdown restrictions). We also examined the extent to which the associations of attachment and glorification with responses to the coronavirus pandemic are mediated through trust in information about the coronavirus pandemic from scientific and government sources. Multilevel models suggested that attachment, but not glorification, was associated with increased trust in science and compliance with federal COVID‐19 guidelines. However, while both attachment and glorification were associated with trust in government and support for lockdown restrictions, glorification was more strongly associated with trust in government information than attachment. These results suggest that both attachment and glorification can be useful for promoting public health, although glorification's role, while potentially stronger, is restricted to pathways through trust in government information.
Commercial‐to‐residential land‐use conversion and residential recentralization in large cities
Authors: Xu Hangtian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractI examine the long‐term impact of a real estate bubble on the land‐use patterns of Tokyo and Osaka from 1980 to 2003 and find that fluctuations in land prices reflected changing demand for commercial land relative to that for residential land, which, in turn, affected housing supply and residential location choices. During the real estate bubble, land developers favored commercial over residential development because the perceived productive value of commercial land increased sharply. Thus, daytime population in central cities increased and residential population fell. During the economic downturn, however, the demand for commercial space fell, houses were favored by land developers and residents were recentralized. My causal estimates show that the commercial‐to‐residential land‐use conversion can explain approximately 9% to 16% of the housing starts after the bubble burst in Tokyo and Osaka, and their populations would have been reduced by 2% to 3% otherwise. The effect is more prominent in their central business districts. My findings provide a novel explanation for the recent changes in central neighbourhoods.
Vergleich eines neuen Aluminiumlactat‐basierten mit einem Aluminiumchlorid‐basierten Antitranspirant bei übermäßigem axillären und inguinalen Schwitzen: Erste randomisierte kontrollierte Studie
Authors: Lütgerath Constantin , Weiß Christel , Faulhaber Jörg , Karsai Syrus 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrundTopische Aluminiumsalze werden häufig gegen übermäßiges axilläres Schwitzen verwendet. Über ihr anhidrotisches Potenzial in der Leistengegend ist dagegen weniger bekannt. Diese Studie vergleicht die anhidrotische Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit eines Aluminiumchlorid‐basierten mit dem eines innovativen Aluminiumlactat‐basierten Antitranspirants bei gesunden Probanden mit übermäßigem axillären und inguinalen Schwitzen.Teilnehmer und MethodikFünfzig Teilnehmer wurden in diese offene, randomisierte, kontrollierte Studie eingeschlossen. Nach der Eingangsuntersuchung wurde die Wirksamkeit zu zwei Zeitpunkten während der Studie durch vier physiologische Parameter (pH‐Wert, transepidermaler Wasserverlust, Gravimetrie, Minor‐Test) und zwei Fragebögen (Dermatology Life Quality Index, Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale) analysiert. Die Verträglichkeit wurde mit Symptomtagebüchern evaluiert.ErgebnisseBeide Studienpräparate waren vergleichbar wirksam hinsichtlich der Reduktion des axillären und inguinalen Schwitzens und zeigten eine zunehmende Wirksamkeit im Laufe der Zeit. In beiden Behandlungsarealen wies das Aluminiumlactat‐basierte Antitranspirant ein günstigeres Verträglichkeitsprofil auf als das Aluminiumchlorid‐basierte.SchlussfolgerungenAufgrund der vergleichbaren Wirksamkeit und der – insbesondere in der Leistengegend – besseren Verträglichkeit unterstützt diese Studie die Verwendung von topischem Aluminiumlactat als Therapieoption erster Wahl zur Kontrolle übermäßigen axillären und inguinalen Schwitzens.
S1‐Leitlinie: Mikroskopisch kontrollierte Chirurgie
Authors: Kofler Lukas , Ziemer Mirjana , Andrulis Mindaugas , Horn Dominik , Kulas Philipp , Kunte Christian , Müller Cornelia Sigrid Lissi 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungMikroskopisch kontrollierte Chirurgie (MKC) umfasst verschiedene Methoden, welche eine histologisch nachgewiesene vollständige Entfernung maligner Tumoren bei gleichzeitig größtmöglicher Schonung des tumorfreien Gewebes in direkter Umgebung ermöglichen. Allen unter MKC subsummierten Verfahren gemein ist die Markierung des Exzidates zur topographischen Orientierung, wodurch eine Zuordnung verbliebener Tumorreste möglich ist. Indikationen für MKC sind maligne Hauttumoren in Problemlokalisationen sowie aggressive Subtypen von Hauttumoren. Zu den etablierten Indikationen für MKC zählen unter anderem Basalzellkarzinome, kutane Plattenepithelkarzinome, Morbus Bowen sowie Bowen‐Karzinome, das Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, Melanome in chronisch lichtgeschädigter Haut sowie akral lentiginöse Melanome und Merkelzellkarzinome. Für weitere Tumoren wie dem extramammären Morbus Paget und verschiedene kutane Sarkome liegen Hinweise vor, dass MKC Vorteile beispielsweise hinsichtlich der Lokalrezidivrate zeigt. Darüber hinaus ist MKC indiziert, wenn absehbar ist, dass eine komplexe Verschlusstechnik erforderlich ist und eine vollständige Resektion des Tumors sicher gewährleistet sein muss. Es wurden verschiedenen Methoden der MKC beschrieben, zu denen beispielsweise die 3D‐Histologie, die Horizontal‐Methode oder die Mohs‐Chirurgie zählen. Eine enge Kooperation fachlich qualifizierter Operateure und (Dermato)‐Pathologen sowie labortechnischer Mitarbeiter ist für die Durchführung der MKC unabdingbar.
Crisis Narratives and the African Paradox: African Informal Economies, COVID‐19 and the Decolonization of Social Policy
Authors: Meagher Kate 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThis article challenges the role of COVID‐19 crisis narratives in shaping social policy choices in Africa. The COVID‐19 pandemic has focused attention on Africa's vast informal economies, both as a symbol of the continent's intense vulnerability to the ravages of the pandemic, and as a puzzle in the face of the uneven and limited effects of COVID‐19 across the continent. Indeed, an examination of statistical and documentary evidence reveals an inverse relationship between COVID‐19 fatalities and the size of African informal economies, and a perverse relationship between best‐practice COVID social protection responses and levels of COVID‐19 mortality. Scrutinizing the evidence behind African COVID‐19 crisis narratives raises questions about the ability of donor‐led digitized social protection paradigms to address social needs in highly informalized, low‐resource environments. This article highlights the role of crisis narratives as an exercise of power geared to remastering, homogenizing and reimagining African informal economies in ways that facilitate particular types of development intervention, sidelining alternative, more socially grounded policy perspectives. Through a closer examination of historical and contemporary realities in Africa's vast and varied informal economies, the article highlights the need to decolonize social policy by privileging local needs and policy perspectives over global policy agendas in the interest of transformative rather than palliative policy responses.
Evaluating whole‐brain tissue‐property changes in MRI‐negative pharmacoresistant focal epilepsies using MR fingerprinting
Authors: Su Ting‐Yu , Tang Yingying , Choi Joon Yul , Hu Siyuan , Sakaie Ken , Murakami Hiroatsu , Jones Stephen , Blümcke Ingmar , Najm Imad , Ma Dan , Wang Zhong Irene 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe aim to quantify whole‐brain tissue‐property changes in patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–negative pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy by three‐dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF).MethodsWe included 30 patients with pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy and negative MRI by official radiology report, as well as 40 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls (HCs). MRF scans were obtained with 1 mm3isotropic resolution. Quantitative T1 and T2 relaxometry maps were reconstructed from MRF and registered to the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space. A two‐samplettest was performed in Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB) Software Library (FSL) to evaluate significant abnormalities in patients comparing to HCs, with correction by the threshold‐free cluster enhancement (TFCE) method. Subgroups analyses were performed for extra‐temporal epilepsy/temporal epilepsy (ETLE/TLE), and for those with/without subtle abnormalities detected by morphometric analysis program (MAP), to investigate each subgroup's pattern of MRF changes. Correlation analyses were performed between the mean MRF values in each significant cluster and seizure‐related clinical variables.ResultsCompared to HCs, patients exhibited significant group‐level T1 increase ipsilateral to the epileptic origin, in the mesial temporal gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM), temporal pole GM, orbitofrontal GM, hippocampus, and amygdala, with scattered clusters in the neocortical temporal and insular GM. No significant T2 changes were detected. The ETLE subgroup showed a T1‐increase pattern similar to the overall cohort, with additional involvement of the ipsilateral anterior cingulate GM. The subgroup of MAP+ patients also showed a T1‐increase pattern similar to the overall cohort, with additional cluster in the ipsilateral lateral orbitofrontal GM. Higher T1 was associated with younger seizure‐onset age, longer epilepsy duration, and higher seizure frequency.SignificanceMRF revealed group‐level T1 increase in limbic/paralimbic structures ipsilateral to the epileptic origin, in patients with pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy and no apparent lesions on MRI, suggesting that these regions may be commonly affected by seizures in the epileptic brain. The significant association between T1 increase and higher seizure burden may reflect progressive tissue damage.
Do governmental policy interventions help urban economic recovery? Experimental evidence from China's provinces governance amid the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Jiang Dequan , Li Weiping , Yu Junli , Zhang Ying 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBy examining China's province‐level data, this paper uses governmental intervention theory to investigate the extent to which governmental policy interventions alleviate the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on local economic growth. Results suggest that stronger government intervention during COVID‐19 pandemic boost the economic recovery, and the effectiveness of governmental policy interventions is contingent on pandemic severity and local economic endowment. Specifically, facilitating effect of government intervention on economic growth is effective in all provinces, and the impact of government intervention is more pronounced in the province with more diagnosed cases, a high level of marketization and fiscal income.
The effectiveness of a psychoeducational intervention on health outcomes of patients undergoing haemodialysis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Hui‐Chen , Zhu Lixia , Chan Wai‐Chi Sally , Cheng Kin Fong Karis , Vathsala A. , He Hong‐Gu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this work is to examine the effectiveness of a psychoeducational intervention on self‐efficacy (primary outcome), anxiety, depression, treatment adherence, and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients undergoing haemodialysis.MethodsA two‐group randomized controlled trial of 124 patients (65 and 59 patients in the intervention and control groups, respectively) recruited from a tertiary hospital in Singapore was conducted. Data were collected from January 2015 to June 2016. Outcomes were measured at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months after the intervention. General linear model was used to analyse data.ResultsOur findings showed significant group effect on HRQoL (effects of kidney disease on daily life; p = 0.041), time effect on all outcomes (p < 0.05; except for treatment adherence behaviours and HRQoL [burden of kidney disease]), and group * time interaction effect on anxiety (p = 0.040) and depression (p = 0.003), with the intervention group reporting better outcomes.ConclusionsThe positive effects of our intervention on patients' self‐efficacy, psychological well‐being, treatment adherence attitudes, and HRQoL implied its potential use in dialysis/renal centres to improve patients' self‐care and health outcomes.
Periodontitis‐induced oral microbiome alterations provide clues on how periodontitis exacerbates colitis
Authors: Wang Xiaoxue , Luo Yilin , Huang Yanlan , Jin Zhiheng , Li Zhichao , Chen Junyu , Hu Fei , Zhang Xueyang , Rausch‐fan Xiaohui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate whether and how microbiota‐derived metabolites associated with periodontitis aggravate colitis in mice.Materials and MethodsA mouse model of periodontitis and colitis was constructed. Unbiased transcriptomic analyses of the colon were performed to explore important pathways through which periodontitis exacerbated colitis. Oral and gut bacteria were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry was used to observe the alterations of oral and gut metabolites. Isolated intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes were analysed by flow cytometry. Inflammasome pathway was detected using qRT‐PCR, Western blotting or ELISA.ResultsPeriodontitis activated the colonic inflammasome pathway and altered the gut microbial composition and metabolite profiles in mice with colitis. Notably, periodontitis induced increase of the faecal metabolite isoleucine (Ile) which was synthesized by microbiota and plants. Moreover, periodontitis upregulated the Ile levels in saliva, but not in serum, indicating that Ile might be an oral pathobiont‐synthesizing metabolite that transited from the oral cavity to the gut. Ile triggered the inflammasome pathway, upregulated the number of inflammatory IL‐1βhighMHCIIhighLy6Chigh monocytes in colonic lamina propria, and exacerbated colitis. Further studies found that the Ile metabolite acetyl‐coenzyme A positively regulated NLRP3 inflammasome by KAT5‐mediated acetylation of NLRP3.ConclusionsOur study revealed that alteration in periodontitis‐induced microbial metabolites deteriorated colitis in a mouse model and that this was associated with Ile production.
Associations between emotion recognition and autistic and callous‐unemotional traits: differential effects of cueing to the eyes
Authors: Carter Leno Virginia , Pickard Hannah , Cybulska Liliana , Smith Tim , Munafo Marcus , Penton‐Voak Ian , Simonoff Emily , Pickles Andrew , Bedford Rachael 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundAlthough autism and callous‐unemotional (CU) traits are distinct conditions, both are associated with difficulties in emotion recognition. However, it is unknown whether the emotion recognition difficulties characteristic of autism and CU traits are driven by comparable underpinning mechanisms.MethodsWe tested whether cueing to the eyes improved emotion recognition in relation to autistic and CU traits in a heterogeneous sample of children enhanced for social, emotional and behavioural difficulties. Participants were 171 (n = 75 male) children aged 10–16 years with and without a diagnosis of autism (n = 99 autistic), who completed assessments of emotion recognition with and without cueing to the eyes. Parents completed the assessment of autistic and CU traits.ResultsAssociations between autistic and CU traits and emotion recognition accuracy were dependent upon gaze cueing. CU traits were associated with an overall decrease in emotion recognition in the uncued condition, but better fear recognition when cued to the eyes. Conversely, autistic traits were associated with decreased emotion recognition in the cued condition only, and no interactions between autistic traits and emotion were found.ConclusionsThe differential effect of cueing to the eyes in autistic and CU traits suggests different mechanisms underpin emotion recognition abilities. Results suggest interventions designed to promote looking to the eyes may be beneficial for children with CU traits, but not for children with autistic characteristics. Future developmental studies of autism and CU characteristics are required to better understand how different pathways lead to overlapping socio‐cognitive profiles.
Executive compensation and corporate risk management
Authors: Yun Jiyeon , Carson James M. , Eckles David L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe provide the first evidence on the effects of executive compensation on corporate risk management for insurers. Our unique data set allows the construction of a new, more complete measure of corporate risk management behavior. Specifically, we include hedging‐driven usage of not only derivatives but also insurance. To address potential endogeneity, we utilize a difference‐in‐differences approach, based on the implementation of FAS 123R that required firms to expense stock‐based compensation at fair value. We find that the decline in the convexity of executive compensation following FAS 123R led firms to significantly increase corporate risk management, primarily through increased demand for insurance.
The legal construction of geographical indications in Africa
Authors: Adebola Titilayo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper discusses how African organisations and countries construct their geographical indication (GI) systems. It makes three primary arguments. First, that the nascent GI agenda in Africa is driven by the European Union (EU) to principally promote European interests. Nonetheless, African countries can benefit from GI regimes by crafting laws that promote African interests. Second, that simply embracing the introduction of GI laws will not result in the EU's promised socioeconomic development in Africa. This is because multifarious factors including infrastructure, investment, branding, marketing and security are required to realise successful GI regimes. Third, that African countries must leverage contextually customised GI regimes to maximise the potentials they present. Contextually customised GI regimes can engender socioeconomic development. Beyond the EU's agenda‐setting technologies, international affiliations and treaty boundaries shape GI laws in Africa, which inform the marked variation in its GI systems. This variation reflects the dissonance in international treaties for GIs. While African countries align with demandeurs that espouse stronger GIs laws at the international level, the only regional instrument on GIs in Africa is its Continental Strategy for GIs. In examining examples from the Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle, the African Regional Intellectual Property Organisation, South Africa, Kenya and Nigeria, this timely paper maintains that although GIs present promises of socioeconomic development, policymakers, lawmakers and relevant African stakeholders must caution against their often‐overlooked pitfalls. As ultimately, it is the responsibility of Africans, not foreigners, to guarantee the generation of thriving GI ecosystems for African products.