bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre-pregnancy BMI and pregnancy anxiety in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: mediating effects of blood glucose and lipid levels1
Authors: Ouyang Hong , Wu Na 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy and blood glucose and lipid levels during and before pregnancy are associated with anxiety among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). No study has further explored the relationship between these factors. Our study is the first to explore the effects of blood glucose and lipids on the relationship between BMI and anxiety in pregnant women with GDM using mediation analysis.Methods: Pregnant women diagnosed with GDM after completing the oral glucose tolerance test during pregnancy were followed up from January 2019 to December 2021. Collecting basic information including age, education level, annual family income, pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational age, history of abortion, family history of anxiety and diabetes, sleep status, and other information. Results: After adjusting for relevant influencing factors, Pre-pregnancy BMI, FBG, HbA1c, 2hPG, and TG were still significantly correlated with the pregnancy anxiety scores . The results of the mediating effect model suggested that pre-pregnancy BMI significantly influenced the pregnancy anxiety scores in women with GDM (P<0.001); FBG, 2hPG, HbA1c, and TG significantly mediated the effect of BMI on the pregnancy anxiety scores, respectively, and played a partial mediator role between BMI and the pregnancy anxiety scores of pregnant women with GDM.Conclusion: Pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with pregnancy anxiety among pregnant women with GDM. High BMI before pregnancy can lead to increased anxiety . Blood glucose and lipid levels during pregnancy play a part in the influence of BMI before pregnancy on anxiety .
The diversity and composition of the gut microbiota are related to radiation enteritis: A systematic review
Authors: Tian Xue , Zhang Zitong , Huang Xiaoxue , Wang Qiaoxuan , Chang Hui , Xiao Weiwei , Zeng Zhifan , Gao Yuanhong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The intent of this article is to review the advances in pre-clinical or clinical research probing into the relationship between the gut microbiome and radiation enteritis. Methods: Combinations of keywords with Boolean operators were used to identify relevant documents retrieved from PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Results: A considerable number of studies have shown that the intestinal flora interacts with treatment related side effects. The diversity and composition of gut microbiota prior to radiotherapy are linked to treatment toxicity. Radiotherapy leads to changes in the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora and alters the intestinal flora microenvironment. Conclusions: Dysbiosis caused by radiation increases the bowel’s susceptibility to injury, promotes the occurrence and development of radiation enteritis, ultimately affecting the outcomes of cancer therapy. It requires further exploration and elaboration of the occurrence and progression mechanisms so as to fundamentally reduce the incidence and severity of radiation enteritis.
Practical Training in Clinical Ethics Consultation Using Immersive Role-play
Authors: Udagawa Makoto , Takimoto Yoshiyuki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough the need for clinical ethics consultation (CEC) is widely recognized, Japan still lacks proper functioning of effective CECs. One of the reasons for this is the lack of a practical training system for CEC. Although seminars on clinical ethics have been held in Japan, unfortunately, none of them provide training in the ability to respond flexibly in clinical settings, which is essential for CEC. Furthermore, given the current situation in Japan, where even large hospitals receive only a few CEC requests per year, it is difficult to shadow learn CEC provided by experienced clinical ethics consultants on the site. Therefore, we developed “Immersive Role-play (IR)” to ensure practical training opportunities on CEC. The IR is the application of a new theater technique, immersive theater, to role-play learning, characterized by the high fidelity use of studios and actors and the dynamic realism of its scenario progression, which deepens the immersive experience. We designed the IR to enable learners to gain experiential learning of practical CEC points, such as (a) importance of narrative, (b) fragmentation of information, (c) variability of information, and (d) importance of communication through IR.We conducted a seminar on CEC, including IR, for healthcare professionals during 2016–2019. A questionnaire was administered to the attendees regarding the educational effectiveness of IR after the completion of all annual seminars. The responses were recorded anonymously, using a 4-point Likert scale to answer questions about their satisfaction with IR and their perception of learning effectiveness. They were also asked about the effectiveness of IR and areas for improvement.The questionnaire showed positive responses in all areas of usefulness, satisfaction, understanding, and interest. Furthermore, compared to conventional role-play learning, the overall response to IR was good. In particular, “realism,” “seriousness,” “understanding the importance of communication skills,” and “understanding the diversity of narratives” were rated very highly. Moreover, the free-text responses indicated that many learners learned about practical procedures; the IR “audience system” was also shown to be effective. These results indicate that IR is a practical program with sufficient educational effects.
Effective Kurdish Sign Language Detection and Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Rawf Karwan Hama , Abdulrahman Ayub , Mohammed Aree 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sign Language Recognition (SLR) has an important role among the deaf-dump community since it is used as a medium of instruction to execute daily activities such as communication, teaching, learning, and social interactions. In this paper, a real-time model has been implemented for Kurdish sign recognition using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm. The main objective of this study is to recognize the Kurdish alphabetic. The model has been trained and predicted on the KuSL2022 dataset using different activation functions for a number of epochs. The dataset consists of 71,400 images for the 34 Kurdish sign languages and alphabets collected from two different datasets. The accuracy of the proposed method is evaluated on a dataset of real images collected from many users. The obtained results show that the proposed system's performance increased for both classification and prediction models, with an average train accuracy of 99.91 %. These results outperform previous studies on Kurdish sign language in term of accuracy detection and recognition.
Y-27632-mediated long-term expansion of salivary gland epithelial cells
Authors: Kim Kichul , Oh Naeun , Kim Hyewon , Roh Sangho 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In salivary glands, epithelial cells perform functional activities such as the production and secretion of saliva. Therefore, the use of salivary gland epithelial cells to study general biology or drug screening may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies for salivary gland diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of long-term in vitro expansion methods for salivary gland epithelial cells (SG-Epis) are unknown. Here, we present the roles of the rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 in maintaining SG-Epis and its underlying mechanisms. The treatment with Y-27632 significantly increased the proliferative potential and maintained the expression of Krt8 and Krt14 for 17 passages. Conversely, in the absence of Y-27632, SG-Epis lost their epithelial morphology. The treatment with Y-27632, however, maintained the epithelial morphology and downregulated the mRNA levels of Tgf-β1, Ctgf, and Rock2. Treatment with TGF-β1 reveals that TGF-β/CTGF/p38 signaling is responsible for the maintenance of SG-Epis. RNA interference study shows that ROCK2/JNK signaling is also required for proliferation and maintenance of SG-Epis. The culture method using Y-27632 provides a solution for efficient in vitro expansion of SG-Epis.
Utility and Optimal Cut-off point of the Somatic Symptom Scale-8 in severe Somatic Symptoms and Related Disorders with Central Sensitization Syndrome
Authors: Hashimoto Kazuaki , Takeuchi Takeaki , Hiiragi Miki , Koyama Akiko , Nakamura Yuzo , Hashizume Masahiro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
In central sensitization syndrome (CSS), functional physical symptoms are severe due to central sensitization. The Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8) is a simple tool to assess medical conditions with somatic symptoms and related disorders, but the cut-off point to identify severe cases of comorbid CSS is unknown. This study aimed to determine the SSS-8 score cut-off point for discriminating severe somatic symptoms and related conditions.
Methods
In total, 143 patients with somatic symptoms and related disorders attending outpatient clinics of a university hospital in Japan were included in the study. The participants were evaluated using the SSS-8 for somatic symptoms, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for anxiety and depressive symptoms, Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) for catastrophic thoughts, and Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI-A, B) for CSS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed using the propensity score. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using a propensity score considering PCS, age, sex, HADS, and CSI-B as confounders of SSS-8 and CSS to evaluate differences in diagnostic accuracy between patients with and without SSS-8. The sensitivity and specificity of the ROC analysis were then used to determine the cut-off point for discriminating severe cases of SSS-8.
Results
Of the 143 participants, 126 responded (51 in the CSS group and 75 in the non-CSS group), with a valid response rate of 88.1 percent. In the ROC analysis, the propensity score including SSS-8 was statistically more accurate. The optimal SSS-8 score for discriminating severe cases of somatic symptoms and related disorders was at 13 points, with an AUC of 0.88, sensitivity of 84.3 percent, and specificity of 77.3 percent.
Conclusions
The SSS-8 is a useful tool for discriminating severe cases of somatic symptomatology and related disorders comorbid with CSS.
Land use/land cover change projection of Tawi Catchment, Western Himalayas using Markov-CA
Authors: Jasrotia Avtar Singh , Kour Retinder , Singh Komal Kumar , Thakur Praveen K. , Bhagat Shivangi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Land use/land cover has become a prime concern that urgently needs to be addressed in the study of global environmental change. In the present study, supported by the land use/land cover maps of the retrospective time periods 2000, 2010 and 2020, derived using Landsat TM and OLI datasets, respectively; we used the land-use transition matrix, Markov-CA chain model to derive detailed information of the spatio-temporal variation of the land use/land cover change. Additionally, we highlight decrease in forest land (19 km2 and 37.7 km2, i.e., 0.88% and 1.75% of the total area), rangeland (0.2 km2 and 1.9 km2, 0.01% and 0.09%), and perennial snow or ice (8 km2 and 9 km2, 0.37% and 0.42%); on the other hand, increase in agricultural land (19 km2 and 33.9 km2, 0.88% and 1.58%), urban or built-up land (4.44 km2 and 8.6 km2, 0.21% and 0.40%) and water (4.18 km2 and 6.28 km2, 0.19% and 0.29%), during 2010 and 2020 relative to baseline period 2000. Finally, based on the CA transition rules and the transition area matrix produced from the Markov-CA chain model based calibration process, the future land use/land cover maps were projected for 2050 and 2080.
Sterculic acid inhibits fenretinide-induced apoptosis in human retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: William Samuel , Duncan Todd , Redmond T. Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe ratio of saturated to monounsaturated fatty acids, thought to play a critical role in many cellular functions, is regulated by stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. Previously, we observed a decrease in both SCD protein and enzymatic activity in apoptosis induced by fenretinide, a synthetic analog of retinoic acid, in the human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell line ARPE-19. Here, we investigated the effect of sterculic acid, a cyclopropenoic fatty acid inhibitor of SCD, on fenretinide-induced apoptosis, given the role of SCD in cell proliferation and apoptosis. We show that sterculic acid abrogates the effects of fenretinide-induced apoptosis shown by changes in cell morphology, viability, and caspase-3 activation. Analysis of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated proteins shows that sterculic acid reduced the fenretinide upregulated expression of heme oxygenase-1, ATF3 and GADD153 that are in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, sterculic acid elicits a similar degree of inhibition of fenretinide-induced ROS generation by xanthine oxidase as does allopurinol, and also reduces SOD2 expression. Dihydroceramide accumulation, compared to ceramide, and ROS generation indicate that a ceramide-independent pathway mediates apoptosis. Fenretinide-induced activation of NF-kBp50 and NF-kBp65 illuminates the signaling cascade downstream of ROS generation. Its inhibition by sterculic acid further indicates the latter’s antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effect. Taken together, our results suggest that sterculic acid can mitigate fenretinide-induced apoptosis and may serve as a potential antioxidant and therapeutic agent. These effects may be independent of its effects on SCD activity
Study of the three-dimensional structure of tryptophan zipper peptides through ¹H NMR chemical shifts calculations
Authors: de Albuquerque Ana Carolina Ferreira , Junior Fernando Martins dos Santos 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Most biological functions of proteins are directly connected to their primary structures and, encoded by these, to the spatial conformations they assume in solution. Therefore, the study of the three-dimensional structures of proteins is essential for the complete understanding of their functions. Nowadays, several methods are commonly used for the structural determination of proteins, such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and X-ray Crystallography. However, these methodologies have limitations, which can make the structural study of proteins an arduous and costly process. In this scenario, quantum-mechanical calculations of chemical shifts are a potential tool to support experimental techniques. In this work, we intend to investigate the applicability of NMR chemical shift calculations in the study of three-dimensional structures of peptides. For this, we selected the peptide Tryptophan Zipper 1 (Trpzip 1) as a study model. In addition, in order to analyze the stability of the three-dimensional structure elements of tryptophan zippers against changes in the sequence, a peptide with a mutation in the primary structure of Trpzip 1 was proposed. Through chemical shifts calculations, it was possible to identify a probable structural change in the β-turn region of the mutant peptide against Trpzip 1.
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the minor papilla with pancreas divisum: A review of the literature and report of a case
Authors: Saito Kenta , Matsuo Yoichi , Denda Yuki , Nonoyama Keisuke , Murase Hiromichi , Kato Tomokatsu , Hayashi Yuichi , Imafuji Hiroyuki , Morimoto Mamoru , Ogawa Ryo , Takahashi Hiroki , Takiguchi Shuji 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundNeuroendocrine tumors of the minor papilla are very rare, and only 20 cases have been reported in the literature. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the minor papilla with pancreas divisum has not been reported; thus, this report describes the first case. Neuroendocrine tumors of the minor papilla have been reported in association with pancreas divisum in about 50% of cases reported in the literature. We herein present our case of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the minor papilla with pancreas divisum in a 75-year-old male with a systematic literature review of the previous 20 reports of neuroendocrine tumors of the minor papilla.Case presentationA 75-year-old man was referred to our hospital for evaluation of dilation of the main pancreatic duct noted on abdominal ultrasonography. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography showed a dilated dorsal pancreatic duct, which was not connected to the ventral pancreatic duct; however, it opened to the minor papilla, indicating pancreas divisum. The common bile duct had no communication with the pancreatic main duct and opened to the ampulla of Vater. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed a 12-mm hypervascular mass near the ampulla of Vater. Endoscopic ultrasonography showed a defined hypoechoic mass in the minor papilla with no invasion. The biopsies performed at the previous hospital found adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. The pathological diagnosis was neuroendocrine carcinoma. At the 15-year follow-up visit, the patient was doing well with no evidence of tumor recurrence.ConclusionIn our case, because the tumor was discovered during a medical check-up relatively early in the course of disease, the patient was doing well at the 15-year follow-up visit with no evidence of tumor recurrence. Diagnosing a tumor of the minor papilla is very difficult because of the relatively small size and submucosal location. Carcinoids and endocrine cell micronests in the minor papilla occur more frequently than generally thought. It is very important to include neuroendocrine tumors of the minor papilla in the differential diagnosis of patients with recurrent pancreatitis or pancreatitis of unknown cause, especially for patients with pancreas divisum.
Effect of particle size distribution on techno-functional properties of Chenopodium album (Bathua) powder
Authors: Kundu Priyanka , Gupta Prerna , Kumar Mukul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
With the growing population, demand and supply of nutrients are falling short and underutilized greens offer promising nutritive value to nourish the ever-increasing population. The present study aims to use bathua, an edible weedy crop as an extensive source of essential minerals and antioxidants having anti-microbial, anti-tumor, anti-iflammatory, hypotensive, anti-cancerous, contraceptive, odontalgic, and laxative properties. Being locally confined and perishable, there is a need to concentrate on its commercialization. For this, bathua leaves were dried at a temperature of 50°C and analysed with particle sizes 24, 36, 52, 76, 100, 200 and 300 BSS. A decrease in the bulk density (0.53 ± 0.01 to 0.24 ± 0.02 g/cm3), oil holding capacity (60.12 ± 0.02 to 16.02 ± 0.04%), emulsion capacity and stability (23.99 ± 0.01to 21.82 ± 0.04%), (32.47 ± 0.02 to 19.12 ± 0.02%), foam stability (3.97 ± 0.03 to 1.79 ± 0.01%), tapped density (0.60 ± 0.01to 0.29 ± 0.01g/ml), and angle of repose (35.71 ± 0.01to 26.56 ± 0.11) was observed as the particle size decreased, and an increase in the water holding capacity (12.94 ± 0.02 to 15.98 ± 0.02), water solubility index (7.27 ± 0.02 to 10.98 ± 0.02), foam capacity (1.81 ± 0.02 to 5.81 ± 0.03%), swelling capacity (3.98 to 6.02 ± 0.13%) and wettability (91 ± 0.57 to 222 ± 0.57) was observed. Results concluded that powdered form of bathua can be used as a functional ingredient in food formulations like pasta, nuggets, soups, RTS flat breads, biscuits.
How Education Level Influences Internet Security Knowledge, Behaviour, and Attitude: A Comparison among Undergraduates, Postgraduates and Working Graduates
Authors: An Qin , Hong Wilson Cheong Hin , Xu XiaoShu , Zhang YunFeng , Kolletar-Zhu Kimberly 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
During the pandemic, the prevailing online learning has brought tremendous benefits to the education fields, however, it has also become a target for cybercriminals. Cybersecurity awareness (CSA) or Internet security awareness (ISA) in the education sector turns out to be critical to mitigating cybersecurity risks. However, previous research indicated that using education level alone to judge CSA level received inconsistent results. This study postulated Social Educational Level (SEL) as a moderator with an extended Knowledge- Attitude-Behaviour (KAB) model, used students’ year level as a proxy for the impact of education level, used work exposure for the influence of social education level, to compare CSA among undergraduates, postgraduates and working graduates. The participants in the study were divided into six groups, namely Year 1 university students, Year 2-3university students, final year students, postgraduate students and young working graduates, and experienced working graduates. Human Aspects of Information Security Questionnaire (HAIS-Q) was used to conduct a large-scale survey. The Multivariate regression model analysis showed significant differences among the knowledge, attitude and behaviour dimensions across groups with different conditions of year level and work exposure. However, it was found that SEL played a more significant role than an individual’s education level. The study suggested that a greater endeavour be committed to educating the public at large together with individuals, institutes, corporate and governments to improve the national CSA level.
Synergistic effect of bio-inspired Psyllium/Okra hybrid backbone based hydrogel using RSM optimization for efficient removal of toxic malachite green dye and sequestration of uranium (VI) ions from water
Authors: Singh Anjali , Kaith Balbir Singh , Mehra Rohit , Sree C S , Lohan Balram , Bhatti Manpreet Singh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The objective of the present work is to fabricate environment-friendly biosorbent semi-Interpenetrating Network Device based on Psyllium-Okra hybrid backbone and acrylamide by using citric acid and ammonium persulphate as the crosslinker and initiator respectively. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used for the optimization of different reaction parameters that sequentially maximized the percentage swelling of the fabricated gel. Amalgamation of acrylamide chains onto Psyllium-Okra based hybrid backbone functional groups present and crosslinking between the different polymeric chains were further confirmed through techniques like FTIR, SEM-EDX and PXRD. The sample showed better thermal stability with decomposition of different phases at higher temperatures. The synthesized semi-IPN was successfully proved to be the proficient candidate for the removal of cationic toxic malachite green dye (62.38 %) with an adsorbent dose of 1.0 g, initial concentration of 10 mg L-1 and time interval of five minute at ambient temperature. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were studied in order to determine the nature of adsorption took place and it was analysed that Langmuir adsorption isotherm was the best fit model for the removal of toxic cationic malachite green dye. Kinetic studies for the sorption of dyes favoured the reaction mechanism to occur via a pseudo second order pathway with R2 value about 0.99. The synthesized semi-IPN was also utilized in uranium (VI) uptake with an adsorbent dose of 1.0 g, initial concentration of 100 ppb, time interval of 55 minutes at room temperature. The semi-IPN could uptake 97.10 ppb uranium (VI) and was observed highly efficient in uranium (VI) ions removal from aqueous medium. Thus, adsorption studies indicated that semi-IPN prepared out of natural blend was found effective in the sequestration of toxic dyes and heavy metal ions.