bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The adaptive nature of the plant circadian clock in natural environments
Authors: Oravec Madeline W , Greenham Kathleen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The plant circadian clock coordinates developmental, physiological, and metabolic processes with diel changes in light and temperature throughout the year. The balance between the persistence and plasticity of the clock in response to predictable and unpredictable environmental changes may be key to the clock’s adaptive nature across temporal and spatial scales. Studies under controlled conditions have uncovered critical signaling pathways involved in light and temperature perception by the clock; however, they don’t account for the natural lag of temperature behind photoperiod. Studies in natural environments provide key insights into the clock’s adaptive advantage under more complex natural settings. Here, we discuss the role of the circadian clock in light and temperature perception and signaling, how the clock integrates these signals for a coordinated and adaptive response, and the adaptive advantage conferred by the clock across time and space in natural environments.
Women in Refugee Law, Policy and Practice: An Introduction to The Refugee Survey Quarterly Special Issue
Authors: Dustin Moira , Querton Christel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As co-founders and conveners of the Women in Refugee Law (WiRL) network, we are delighted to introduce this Special Issue. The contributors are WiRL members who take forward the network’s objectives of recentring the study of refugee women by reviewing the state of protection in domestic jurisdictions and internationally, identifying setbacks to adequate protection for women at risk of persecution, and proposing inclusive ways forward.
Comparison of two distinct arrival and treatment programs for bovine respiratory disease in high-risk feeder cattle entering a feedlot
Authors: Pollreisz John P , Cull Charley , Lechtenberg Kelly , Short Thomas , Blanding Mitchell , Hinrichs Jess , Hughes Heather D 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAntimicrobial metaphylaxis of high-risk cattle entering the feedlot is a common management strategy implemented against bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Typically, following a prescribed postmetaphylactic interval (PMI), animals displaying clinical signs of BRD are pulled from the feedlot pen and treated with antimicrobials when treatment criteria are met. The objective of this study was to compare 2 distinct sequential BRD treatment protocols each consisting of a metaphylactic antimicrobial plus 2 potential subsequent as-needed treatment antimicrobials. Heifers at high-risk for BRD (n = 1000; initial BW = 229 kg ± 1.6) purchased from sale barns in the southeastern U.S. were transported to a contract research feedlot in Nebraska and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 experimental groups (10 blocks of 100 animals each; 50 per treatment group). Experimental groups consisted of: (1) tulathromycin metaphylaxis (2.5 mg/kg) followed by ceftiofur crystalline free acid (6.6 mg/kg) and danofloxacin (8 mg/kg) for subsequent first and second as-needed BRD treatment, respectively (TCD) or (2) tildipirosin metaphylaxis (4 mg/kg) followed by florfenicol-flunixin meglumine (40 mg/kg florfenicol; 2.2 mg/kg flunixin meglumine) and enrofloxacin (12.5 mg/kg) for subsequent first and second as-needed BRD treatment, respectively (TFFE). Following expiration of the 7-d PMI, calves that showed signs of clinical BRD were pulled and examined to determine if treatment was necessary based on a clinical attitude score (CAS). Heifers with a CAS of 1 accompanied by ≥40°C rectal temperature, and all heifers with a CAS ≥ 2 regardless of rectal temperature, received the appropriate first-treatment antimicrobial. Upon relapse, following expiration of the post-treatment interval (PTI), heifers received the appropriate second-treatment antimicrobial. In the first 90 d, calves in the TFFE experimental group received more first-treatments than calves in the TCD experimental group (P = 0.054) and resulted in 50% greater mortality (P &lt; 0.043) relative to the TCD heifers. From d 0 to closeout, first-treatment morbidity as well as mortality were greater in TFFE relative to TCD (P ≤ 0.032). Growth performance did not differ between treatments in the first 90 d; however, ADG was greater (P = 0.033) and G:F improved (P = 0.014) at closeout in TCD versus TFFE on a deads-in basis. Closeout economics revealed a $50.78/animal greater profit in the TCD experimental group relative to TFFE.
Comprehensive Treatment and Reconstructive Algorithm for Functional Restoration after Ballistic Facial Injury
Authors: Chaiyasate Kongkrit , Gupta Rohun , Boudiab Elizabeth M. , Vega Daniella , Hart Justin , Nossoni Farid , Lu Stephen , Powers Jeremy M. , Hobson Gregory , Sachanandani Neil S. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Ballistic facial injuries are rare, with most trauma centers reporting 1–20 cases annually. These patients present significant management challenges to reconstructive surgeons, not only due to their rarity but also due to the complex decision-making process that is involved. The aim of this study was to review our experience with the application of craniofacial microsurgery in management of facial gunshot wounds.

Methods:
A retrospective review of a single-surgeon experience at a level I trauma center from 2011 to 2020 for patients sustaining self-inflicted gunshot wounds to the face requiring microsurgical reconstruction was performed. Outcomes included reconstructive techniques, free flap type and indication, airway evolution, feeding modality, respective timing of interventions, and complications.

Results:
Between 2012 and 2021, 13 patients presented for microsurgical reconstruction at our institution for gunshot wounds to the face. The majority (90%) of patients were men, and the average age at time of injury was 26. The median from the time of injury to first free flap was 93 days. Thirteen patients represented 23 free flaps. On average, patients underwent a total of two free flaps. The most common microsurgical flap was the fibula flap (14) followed by the radial forearm flap (6).

Conclusions:
Based on our findings, we describe a novel algorithm for function restoration and aesthetic revisions based on injury location. Underlying principles include avoiding early use of reconstruction plates, establishing occlusion early, and aligning bony segments using external fixation. An algorithmic approach to these injuries can improve outcomes.
Sodium phosphate cotransporter 2a inhibitors: potential therapeutic uses
Authors: Xue Jianxiang , Thomas Linto , Dominguez Rieg Jessica A. , Rieg Timo 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
Targeting sodium phosphate cotransporter 2a (Npt2a) offers a novel strategy for treating hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here we review recent studies on the efficacy of Npt2a inhibition, its plasma phosphate (Pi)-lowering effects, as well as potential “off-target” beneficial effects on cardiovascular consequences.

Recent findings
Two novel Npt2a-selective inhibitors (PF-06869206 and BAY-767) have been developed. Pharmacological Npt2a inhibition shows a significant phosphaturic effect and consequently lowers plasma Pi and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels regardless of CKD. However, plasma fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a master regulator of Pi homeostasis, shows inconsistent responses between these two inhibitors (no effect by PF-06869206 vs. reduction by BAY-767). In addition to the effects on Pi homeostasis, Npt2a inhibition also enhances urinary excretions of Na+, Cl−, and Ca2+, which is recapitulated in animal models with reduced kidney function. The effect of Npt2a inhibition by BAY-767 on vascular calcification has been studied, with positive results showing that oral treatment with BAY-767 (10 mg kg−1) attenuated the increases in plasma Pi and Ca2+ content in the aorta under the setting of vascular calcification induced by a pan-FGF receptor inhibitor. Together, Npt2a inhibition offers a promising therapeutic approach for treating hyperphosphatemia and reducing cardiovascular complications in CKD.

Summary
Npt2a inhibition significantly increases urinary Pi excretion and lowers plasma Pi and PTH levels; moreover, it exerts pleiotropic “off-target” effects, providing a novel treatment for hyperphosphatemia and exhibiting beneficial potential for cardiovascular complications in CKD.
Comprehensive Serial Treatment of Treacher Collins Syndrome
Authors: Lei Bowen , Huang Qinghua , Sun Tiecheng , Zhong Yehong , Chen Zhewei , Yang Bin 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
To discuss and summarize the comprehensive serial surgical treatment of Treacher Collins syndrome.

Materials and Methods:
From September 2012 to January 2020, 12 patients with Treacher Collins syndrome were treated by autologous fat graft, mandibular distraction osteogenesis, orbitozygomatic reconstruction with calvarial external lamina, orthognathic surgery combined with postoperative orthodontics, transplantation of upper eyelid orbicularis myocutaneous flap, lateral canthal ligament reduction, and other methods. The authors evaluated the postoperative improvement, summarized experiences, and reviewed literatures about the comprehensive serial treatment of Treacher Collins syndrome.

Results:
All patients showed significant improvement in appearance and function, and no complications were found during the follow-up period of 5 months to 3 years.

Conclusions:
The deformities of Treacher Collins syndrome involves multiple craniofacial region, and only by formulating comprehensive serial treatment strategies according to the malformation characteristics of different patients can the best effect be achieved.
Ultrasonography for Serial Monitoring and Management of Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamic Disorders After Decompressive Craniectomy
Authors: Zhu Meng , Zhang Jiahui , Li Huanting , Mu Shuang , Liu Wei , Deng Wenshuai , Liu Xin , He Zhaozhong , Gong Anjing , Feng Yugong 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is widely used to treat intracranial hypertension following severe head injury. However, impairments of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hydrodynamics such as hydrocephalus and subdural effusion are common complications that occur after DC. Therefore, monitoring of intracranial pressure is a staple of neurocritical care post-DC. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of transcranial duplex sonography (TDS) for serial monitoring and management of CSF disorders after DC.

Methods:
A total of 100 patients who underwent DC between June 2016 and May 2019 were recruited for the study. Transcranial duplex sonography examinations were performed between 1-day and 1-year post-DC. Transcranial duplex sonography was mainly used for monitoring changes in ventricle size and morphology, and also to monitor intraventricular hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, intracranial hygromas, and ventricle changes during CSF release procedures.

Results:
A total of 456 TDS examinations were performed on patients after DC. Of these, 402 were performed in the neuro–intensive care unit. Two patients had intraventricular hemorrhage and underwent TDS-guided external ventricular drainage. Twenty-nine patients were diagnosed with hydrocephalus. The results of TDS were consistent with those of cranial computed tomography. Three cases of ventriculoperitoneal shunt and 1 case of lumbar peritoneal shunt underwent valve pressure reset according to TDS, to obtain satisfactory ventricle size. Transcranial duplex sonography was used to monitor ventricle changes and control drainage volume during CSF release procedures, including 2 external ventricular drainage, 6 external lumbar drainage, and 10 lumbar punctures. Eighteen patients were detected with single or multiple intracranial effusions, including 16 subdural hygromas, 5 longitudinal fissure hygromas, and 6 brain cysts.

Conclusions:
Transcranial duplex sonography can efficiently help monitor changes in ventricle size and morphology and intracranial effusions. Due to its noninvasive nature, suitability for bedside application, real-time, and inexpensiveness, TDS can significantly replace cranial computed tomography and become part of the patient’s daily inspection work after DC.
Living Donor Liver Transplantation With Augmented Venous Outflow and Splenectomy
Authors: Fujiki Masato , Hashimoto Koji , Quintini Cristiano , Aucejo Federico , Kwon Choon H.D. , Matsushima Hajime , Sasaki Kazunari , Campos Luis , Eghtesad Bijan , Diago Teresa , Iuppa Giuseppe , D’amico Giuseppe , Kumar Shiva , Liu Peter , Miller Charles , Pinna Antonio 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using small grafts, especially left lobe grafts (H1234-MHV) (LLG), continues to be a challenge due to small-for-size syndrome (SFSS). We herein demonstrate that with surgical modifications, outcomes with small grafts can be improved.

Methods:
Between 2012 and 2020, we performed 130 adult LDLT using 61 (47%) LLG (H1234-MHV) in a single Enterprise. The median graft-to-recipient weight ratio was 0.84%, with graft-to-recipient weight ratio <0.7% accounting for 22%. Splenectomy was performed in 72 (56%) patients for inflow modulation before (n=50) or after (n=22) graft reperfusion. In LLG-LDLT, venous outflow was achieved using all three recipient hepatic veins. In right lobe graft (H5678) (RLG)-LDLT, the augmented graft right hepatic vein was anastomosed to the recipient’s cava with a large cavotomy. Outcome measures include SFSS, early allograft dysfunction (EAD), and survival.

Results:
Graft survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 94%, 90%, and 83%, respectively, with no differences between LLG (H1234-MHV) and RLG (H5678). Splenectomy significantly reduced portal flow without increasing the complication rate. Despite the aggressive use of small grafts, SFSS and EAD developed in only 1 (0.8%) and 18 (13.8%) patients, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression revealed model for end-stage liver disease score and LLG (H1234-MHV) as independent risk factors for EAD and splenectomy as a protective factor (odds ratio: 0.09; P=0.03). For LLG (H1234-MHV)-LDLT, patients who underwent prereperfusion splenectomy tended to have better 1-year graft survival than those receiving postreperfusion splenectomy.

Conclusions:
LLG (H1234-MHV) are feasible in adult LDLT with excellent outcomes comparable to RLG (H5678). Venous outflow augmentation and splenectomy help lower the threshold of using small-for-size grafts without compromising graft survival.
Liver Transplantation as a New Standard of Care in Patients With Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma? Results From an International Benchmark Study
Authors: Breuer Eva , Mueller Matteo , Doyle Majella B. , Yang Liu , Darwish Murad Sarwa , Anwar Imran J. , Merani Shaheed , Limkemann Ashley , Jeddou Heithem , Kim Steven C. , López-López Victor , Nassar Ahmed , Hoogwater Frederik J.H. , Vibert Eric , De Oliveira Michelle L. , Cherqui Daniel , Porte Robert J. , Magliocca Joseph F. , Fischer Lutz , Fondevila Constantino , Zieniewicz Krzysztof , Ramírez Pablo , Foley David P. , Boudjema Karim , Schenk Austin D. , Langnas Alan N. , Knechtle Stuart , Polak Wojciech G. , Taner C. Burcin , Chapman William C. , Rosen Charles B. , Gores Gregory J. , Dutkowski Philipp , Heimbach Julie K. , Clavien Pierre-Alain 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
To define benchmark values for liver transplantation (LT) in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC) enabling unbiased comparisons.

Background:
Transplantation for PHC is used with reluctance in many centers and even contraindicated in several countries. Although benchmark values for LT are available, there is a lack of specific data on LT performed for PHC.

Methods:
PHC patients considered for LT after Mayo-like protocol were analyzed in 17 reference centers in 2 continents over the recent 5-year period (2014–2018). The minimum follow-up was 1 year. Benchmark patients were defined as operated at high-volume centers (≥50 overall LT/year) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, with a tumor diameter <3 cm, negative lymph nodes, and with the absence of relevant comorbidities. Benchmark cutoff values were derived from the 75th to 25th percentiles of the median values of all benchmark centers.

Results:
One hundred thirty-four consecutive patients underwent LT after completion of the neoadjuvant treatment. Of those, 89.6% qualified as benchmark cases. Benchmark cutoffs were 90-day mortality ≤5.2%; comprehensive complication index at 1 year of ≤33.7; grade ≥3 complication rates ≤66.7%. These values were better than benchmark values for other indications of LT. Five-year disease-free survival was largely superior compared with a matched group of nodal negative patients undergoing curative liver resection (n=106) (62% vs 32%, P<0.001).

Conclusion:
This multicenter benchmark study demonstrates that LT offers excellent outcomes with superior oncological results in early stage PHC patients, even in candidates for surgery. This provocative observation should lead to a change in available therapeutic algorithms for PHC.
Psychological empowerment and employee engagement: role of job satisfaction and religiosity in Nigeria
Authors: Nwachukwu Chijioke , Vu Hieu Minh , Chládková Helena , Agboga Richard Selase 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between psychological empowerment and employee engagement. There is also an investigation of the moderating effect of religiosity on psychological empowerment and job satisfaction as well as job satisfaction and employee engagement.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained from 265 employees working in the service industry in Nigeria. The hypotheses were tested and analysed using structural equation modelling and bootstrapping procedure.FindingsThe results show that the direct relationship between psychological empowerment and employee engagement was partially mediated by job satisfaction. Intrinsic religiosity (IR) was found to have a moderating effect on job satisfaction and employee engagement. IR and extrinsic religiosity (ER) does not moderate the impact of psychological empowerment on job satisfaction and employee engagement. ER was found to have a negative insignificant moderating effect on job satisfaction and employee engagement.Research limitations/implicationsA cross-sectional study reveals the relationship between variables at one point in a time. As such this study may not precisely predict the dominant pattern of the association over time. Future research can use longitudinal study to establish a dominant pattern of relationships.Practical implicationsThis study informs human resource practitioners and scholars by demonstrating that religiosity and job satisfaction are important factors that should be considered in managing and keeping employees engaged.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first atte`mpts to enrich the literature in the fields of psychological empowerment and employee engagement by highlighting organisational mechanisms that amplify the relationship.
Investigating the criminal thinking styles of mentally disordered offenders within the UK
Authors: Spruin Elizabeth , Dunleavy Tara , Mitchell Chloe , Siesmaa Belinda 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the utility and reliability of the Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles (PICTS) to investigate the criminal cognitions of mentally disordered offenders (MDOs) from the UK.

Design/methodology/approach
The reliability and validity of the PICTS scales were investigated within an MDO sample from the UK (N = 45) and compared to PICTS data from the USA and general offenders in the UK.

Findings
The findings showed that the PICTS functioned in a similar way when used in MDO and non-MDO populations, indicating that from a psychometric perspective, the PICTS scales produce consistent results across both populations. Evidence is further provided to indicate that MDOs from the UK endorse criminal cognitions at a similar level to those in the USA and at a significantly higher level than general UK offenders.

Practical implications
The implications and insight that these findings provide into the criminal cognitions of MDOs are discussed, with specific focus on the significant difference between general offenders and offenders with serious mental illness.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to use the PICTS with MDOs in the UK, comparing the criminal thinking styles of MDOs and non-MDOs.
Recovery college intervention for people living with BPD
Authors: Lane Colette 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Literature regarding recovery has focussed on diagnoses such as schizophrenia, with few papers focussing on borderline personality disorder (BPD). This is a significant area in need of change because a lack of research concentrating on recovery from BPD could be seen to perpetuate the view that recovery from this condition may not be possible. Recovery Colleges (RCs) in the UK began in 2009and aim to offer co-produced and co-facilitated psychoeducational courses to encourage recovery and enable people to develop skills and knowledge so they become experts in the self-management of their difficulties. Given the gaps within the recovery literature, it is unclear how Recovery Colleges can support recovery for people diagnosed with BPD. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of a Recovery College course for people diagnosed with BPD.

Design/methodology/approach
Using participatory methods, this paper aims to explore the question of what personal recovery looks like for people with BPD and how this may prove useful in developing future practice in RCs. Qualitative feedback data was collected from 51 managing intense emotions courses delivered to 309 students using a patient reported experience measure between Autumn 2015 and Autumn 2021.

Findings
The results of this study indicate that people with BPD can experience recovery, whilst still experiencing symptoms, as long as they receive appropriate co-produced, recovery-orientated support and services.

Practical implications
Further research in this area could help shape future clinical practice by embedding a recovery-focussed programme into community services.

Originality/value
Literature regarding recovery has focussed on diagnoses such as schizophrenia withfew papers focussing on BPD. This is an area in need of change because a lack of research on recovery from BPD could be seen to perpetuate the view that recovery from this condition may not be possible. RCs offer co-produced and co-facilitated psychoeducational courses around recovery, enabling people to develop skills and knowledge to become experts in the self-management of their difficulties. Given the gaps within the recovery literature it is unclear how RCs can support recovery for this group of service users.