bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Literature Review on the Use of Herbal Extracts in the Treatment of Non-
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Wang Yutian , Wu Junzi , Shi Anhua 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a common chronic liver injury disease, and its
incidence is rapidly increasing across the globe, thus becoming a serious threat to human health.
So far, the clinical prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease mainly include
single-targeted drug therapy, surgical treatment and lifestyle changes. However, these treatments
cannot completely address the complex pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and have
various side effects. Recent studies reveal that many herbal extracts are found to have potential
anti-non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activities.

Objective:
This paper presents a review on herbal extracts used for the treatment of non-alcoholic
fatty liver disease in experimental studies to provide a theoretical basis for their clinical application
in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and for new drug development.

Methods:
Scientific papers were retrieved by searching the PubMed database up to Feb 2021 using
the following keywords: ‘non-alcoholic fatty liver disease’, ‘herbal extracts’ (‘flavonoids’,
‘saponins’, ‘quinones’, ‘phenolic compounds’, ‘alkaloids’, ‘polysaccharides’, ‘ginkgolide B’,
‘schizandrin B’, ‘ursolic acid’) and ‘mechanism’.

Results:
The pharmacological effects and mechanisms of many herbal extracts can reverse the
adverse health effects of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Conclusion:
In vitro and in vivo experimental studies indicated that herbal extracts can improve the
symptoms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting inflammation, antioxidant stress,
improvement of lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity and regulating intestinal bacteria flora.
However, there needs to be sufficient data from human clinical trials to prove their efficacy and
safety.
Alzheimer's Disease: A Silent Pandemic - A Systematic Review on
the Situation and Patent Landscape of the Diagnosis
Authors: Goyzueta-Mamani Luis Daniel , Chávez-Fumagalli Miguel Angel , Alvarez-Fernandez Karla , Aguilar-Pineda Jorge A. , Nieto-Montesinos Rita , Davila Del-Carpio Gonzalo , Vera-Lopez Karin J. , Lino Cardenas Christian L. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive impairment,
tau protein deposits, and amyloid beta plaques. AD impacted 44 million people in
2016, and it is estimated to affect 100 million people by 2050. AD is disregarded as a pandemic
compared with other diseases. To date, there is no effective treatment or diagnosis.

Objective:
We aimed to discuss the current tools used to diagnose COVID-19, point out
their potential to be adapted for AD diagnosis, and review the landscape of existing patents
in the AD field and future perspectives for AD diagnosis.

Method:
We carried out a scientific screening following a research strategy in PubMed;
Web of Science; the Derwent Innovation Index; the KCI-Korean Journal Database; Sci-
ELO; the Russian Science Citation index; and the CDerwent, EDerwent, and MDerwent
index databases.

Results:
A total of 326 from 6,446 articles about AD and 376 from 4,595 articles about
COVID-19 were analyzed. Of these, AD patents were focused on biomarkers and neuroimaging
with no accurate, validated diagnostic methods, and only 7% of kit development patents
were found. In comparison, COVID-19 patents were 60% about kit development for
diagnosis; they are highly accurate and are now commercialized.

Conclusion:
AD is still neglected and not recognized as a pandemic that affects the people
and economies of all nations. There is a gap in the development of AD diagnostic tools that
could be filled if the interest and effort that has been invested in tackling the COVID-19
emergency could also be applied for innovation.
L-Glutamic Acid Mitigates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Tissue
Injury by Reducing Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model
Authors: Salyha Nataliya , Salyha Yuriy 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Tetrachloromethane (CCl4) is a highly toxic environmental pollutant that
causes specific and serious damage to various organs of animals and humans. The study of its effect
on physiological and biochemical processes in the mammalian organism is very important, despite the
severe restrictions on the use of tetrachloromantane in recent years. The fact is that they can be used as
a model for many toxicological studies.

Objective:
The experimental studies aimed at exploring the ameliorative effects of L-glutamic acid (LGlu)
on CCl4 toxicity in the myocardium, lung tissues and blood of male rats.

Methods:
Rats were exposed to CCl4, and later rats were treated with L-Glu. The GSH level and the
activities of antioxidant enzymes were studied. In addition to this, the content of lipid peroxidation
products was monitored.

Results:
The obtained results suggest that CCl4 causes oxidative stress in rat tissues, accompanied by
an increase in lipid peroxidation products and a decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione
reductase (GR), glutathione transferase (GST), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), superoxide
dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) content. The enzymatic
activity in tissues of rats treated with L-Glu was restored. Moreover, the changes, which were
observed in the studied parameters, showed to be less significant compared to CCl4 treated group.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that L-Glu inhibits free radical processes. In summary, this study
demonstrates the feasibility of the administration of L-Glu supplementation, which could be used to
protect and mitigate the CCl4-induced oxidative stress.
The Impact and Applications of Social Media Platforms for Public Health Responses Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Gunasekeran Dinesh Visva , Chew Alton , Chandrasekar Eeshwar K , Rajendram Priyanka , Kandarpa Vasundhara , Rajendram Mallika , Chia Audrey , Smith Helen , Leong Choon Kit 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Social media platforms have numerous potential benefits and drawbacks on public health, which have been described in the literature. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed our limited knowledge regarding the potential health impact of these platforms, which have been detrimental to public health responses in many regions.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to highlight a brief history of social media in health care and report its potential negative and positive public health impacts, which have been characterized in the literature.

METHODS

We searched electronic bibliographic databases including PubMed, including Medline and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Xplore, from December 10, 2015, to December 10, 2020. We screened the title and abstracts and selected relevant reports for review of full text and reference lists. These were analyzed thematically and consolidated into applications of social media platforms for public health.

RESULTS

The positive and negative impact of social media platforms on public health are catalogued on the basis of recent research in this report. These findings are discussed in the context of improving future public health responses and incorporating other emerging digital technology domains such as artificial intelligence. However, there is a need for more research with pragmatic methodology that evaluates the impact of specific digital interventions to inform future health policy.

CONCLUSIONS

Recent research has highlighted the potential negative impact of social media platforms on population health, as well as potentially useful applications for public health communication, monitoring, and predictions. More research is needed to objectively investigate measures to mitigate against its negative impact while harnessing effective applications for the benefit of public health.
INOVASI PEMERINTAH DAERAH JOGJA SMART SERVICE DALAM MENCIPTAKAN SMART AND LIVEABLE CITY DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Gumilar Muhammad Gilang 
Published: April 2022

Pemerintah Daerah Kota Yogyakarta menyediakan aplikasi Jogja Smart Service untuk mempermudah masyarakat dalam memperoleh informasi terintegrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan; 1) mengidentifikasi penyediaan informasi pelayanan publik yang terintegrasi dalam inovasi pemerintah daerah berbentuk aplikasi web dan smartphone Jogja Smart Service, 2) mengnalisis bagaimana optimalisasi pemanfaatan aplikasi Jogja Smart Service. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui laporan instansi dan fitur aplikasi melalui smart phone.Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Aplikasi jogja smart service terdiri atas informasi terintegrasi dengan penyajian informasi berupa visual, deskripsi yang terintegrasi dengan ruang dan lokasi dalam bentuk peta dan augmented reality. Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Jogja Smart Service melalui pemantauan sistem menunjukkan pemanfaatan yang baik. Selain itu, perlu belum optimalisasi pemanfaatan aplikasi oleh masyarakat luas. Strategi pengenalan dan sosialisasi Aplikasi Jogja smart service diperlukan dalam mewujudkan Kota Yogyakarta yang smart and liveable city.Kata kunci: Aplikasi, Informasi Terintegrasi, Inovasi, Smart and liveable city
Reengineering of territories and built-up areas: a conceptual framework
Authors: Sborshchikov Sergej B. , Zhuravlev Pavel A. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The development of built-up urban areas, aimed at improving the living arrangements and standards, is implemented within the boundaries of an element of a structural plan, as well as related elements. It is important, since it affects the interests of a substantial part of the country’s population. The achievement of the goals, pursued by the national projects and programmes as socio-economic development tools, depends directly on the effective development of built-up areas. The effective development of built-up areas involves comprehensive transformation and modernization of territories and buildings on the basis of the concept of reengineering of territories and built-up areas, including methods of effective and high-quality change management.
Materials and methods. The subject of the study is a set of measures that ensure the qualitative transformation of engineering (technological) solutions and serve as the backbone structure of reengineering in construction. The object of the study is the process of qualitative transformation of technological (technical) solutions and business processes (management decisions). It is noted that the actual focus of transformation of territories and built-up areas is implemented in the course of actions, taken within the framework of reengineering of technological processes (technical solutions), including the stages of reconstruction, renovation, technical retooling, repurposing, and reclamation. The factors, influencing the reengineering of management solutions, are provided. Features of the composition and properties of the reengineering of territories and built-up areas, characteristic of its practical implementation, are presented. Research methods include structural and functional analyses.
Results. Current fundamental differences in the nature of regulatory impacts accompanying the traditional type of restoration (modernization), as well as impacts, made within the framework of reengineering of territories and built-up areas, are described. The authors suggest that the integrated approach of impacts, made in the process of reengineering of territories and built-up areas, is conveyed in the relationship between “property development – capital construction facilities – a technological solution”, as well as the scope and intensity of impacts. The general framework for the concept, underlying the implementation of the reengineering of territories and built-up areas, is presented.
Public procurement in construction: a critical review
Authors: Pavlov Alexander S. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The first article of the series addresses the main findings of the analysis of regulatory documents governing public procurement in construction in some foreign countries. Methods, that are little known in Russia and not typical for the domestic practice of contractual relations, are successfully used abroad. On the contrary, some of the rules look strange to a foreign bidder. The Auditing Chamber of the Russian Federation emphasizes the instability of competition legislation.
Materials and methods. The authors address the Russian investment and procurement statistics and study basic principles and methods of public procurement. Basic rules governing relations between customers and contractors are analyzed. The Russian bidding legislation is compared with foreign bidding legislation systems, which are analyzed in the article.
Results. The author have found that no thorough preparations for design and construction works are made. Little financial resources are invested into feasibility studies. Electronic document management is overemphasized, and features of the construction process are not sufficiently addressed. Competitive negotiations are not used abroad, although auctions, that do not take into account any parameters other than the price, are applied. The contact price is set in advance, without taking into account the contractor’s capabilities, and later this price remains unchanged, even if its initial value is too low. In many cases no contractors join the bidding process, which causes investment programmes to fail. The procurement legislation hardly addresses the contract implementation phase.
Conclusions. It is advisable to draft and pass an independent federal law on public procurement in construction. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the international experience and the capabilities of contractors operating in civil and industrial engineering. There is a need to limit indirect costs and profit margins of equipment and construction material producers in the same way as it is done in respect of construction companies within the framework of price control measures.
Fraud Risk Assessment: A Story Based Approach Outperforms the Checklist
Authors: Bierstaker James L. , Hanes Downey Denise , Rose Jacob M. , Thibodeau Jay C. 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARY
Bierstaker, Hanes-Downey, Rose, and Thibodeau (2018) investigate whether using a fraud story (a one-page summary of the key facts in an SEC AAER written as a narrative) as compared to a traditional checklist improves fraud risk assessments in two separate experiments. This article summarizes their findings and discusses practical implications and actionable suggestions for audit practitioners. Specifically, the summary focuses on the capacity of fraud stories to help novice auditors develop knowledge structures that closely resemble the knowledge structures of experts and ultimately to improve experienced auditors' risk assessments. Importantly, one Big 4 firm that participated in this research has adopted new and innovative fraud training methods based upon the results of this study. This article discusses these training implications, along with the potential for stories to help auditors improve their fraud-related judgments and additional considerations for the design of decision aids and knowledge management systems.
Influence of Manual and Ultrasonic Scaling on Surface Roughness of Four Different Base Materials Used to Elevate Proximal Dentin–Cementum Gingival Margins: AnIn VitroStudy
Authors: Ismail HS , Ali AI , Garcia-Godoy F 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARYAimTo evaluate and compare the effects of both manual and ultrasonic scaling on surface roughness of four different base materials, used for elevating dentin/cementum gingival margins of proximal cavities.Methods and MaterialsEighty human upper molars with compound Class II mesial cavities, with gingival margins 1 mm below the cemento–enamel junction (CEJ), were divided into four different groups according to the type of the base material used; resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI), glass hybrid (HV-GIC), flowable bulk-fill resin composite (Bulk Flow) and bioactive ionic resin (Activa). This was followed by completing the restorations with the same resin composite. All materials were used according to the manufacturers’ instructions. All groups were further subdivided into two subgroups according to the scaling technique: manual (hand) or ultrasonic. All restorative and scaling procedures were performed after fixation of specimens with acrylic beside neighboring teeth to simulate natural contact. The mean surface roughness (Ra, μm) of all specimens was measured quantitatively and qualitatively by a three-dimensional (3D) surface analyzer system at two stages; (1) after thermal cycling for 5000 cycles without scaling and (2) after scaling. Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey post hoc tests, and paired sample t-tests (at α=0.05).ResultsFor baseline readings, the Bulk Flow group had the lowest Ra values, while HV-GIC group had the highest. RMGI and Activa groups had no statistical significant difference between their Ra values (p&gt;0.05). For post scaling readings, hand scaling had significantly lower Ra values than ultrasonic scaling in all the material groups (p&lt;0.05), except in the Bulk Flow group, where both scaling methods were not significantly different from each other (p&gt;0.05)ConclusionBulk Flow had the smoothest surfaces when cured against a matrix band compared with the other tested base materials. When hand and ultrasonic scaling methods were compared, the latter technique had more detrimental effect on the surface texture of the four tested base materials.
Surface Treatment and Cementation of Lithium Silicate Ceramics Containing ZrO2
Authors: Martins JD , Moura DMD , Lima CM , de Carvalho RLA , Leite FPP , Souza ROA 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARY

Objective
To evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength (SBS) of lithium silicate (LS) and lithium disilicate (LD) ceramics, after thermocycling.

Methods and Materials
For SBS test, 72 ceramic blocks (18×14×2 mm) were made (24 blocks from each ceramic material): VITA Suprinity (LSS), Celtra Duo (LSC), and Lithium disilicate (LD). The blocks were polished with sandpaper of increasing grit (#280, #400, #800, and #1200) and embedded in chemically activated acrylic resin. Afterwards, they were randomly divided into 12 groups (6 blocks per group) according to: “Ceramic” (LD, LSC, and LSS) and “Surface treatment” (HFS: hydrofluoric acid + silane; MEP: Monobond Etch & Prime/Ivoclar). From each treated surface ceramic block, four dual-curing resin cement cylinders (RelyX U200, 3M Oral Care) were prepared using a Tygon tube (Ø=3 mm and h=2 mm) and light cured for 40 seconds (1000 mW/cm2) (N=288/n=24). All specimens were submitted to thermocycling (10,000 cycles, 5°C and 55°C, 30 seconds) and then to SBS test at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min using a 50-kgf load cell. Forty-five additional blocks were made for roughness and SEM analysis. Failure mode was also performed. The data (MPa) were statistically analyzed by oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey test (5%), and Weibull analysis. The Ra was analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn Test (5%). The other variables were analyzed qualitatively.

Results
ANOVA revealed that “surface treatment” was significant for all ceramic materials (p&lt;0.05). The LD-HFS (18.66±3.49), LSC-HFS (16.81±2.62), and LSS-HFS (16.33±3.08) groups had significantly higher SBS than the LD-MEP (7.00±4.2), LSCMEP (14.12±3.51), and LSS-MEP (13.87±2.52) groups. Complete adhesive failures at the cement–dentin interface were more frequent. Weibull modulus was superior for the LD-HFS (6.22), LSC-HFS (8.8), and LSS-HFS (7.4) groups.

Conclusion
HF followed by silanization is the most suitable surface treatment for the cementation of LS and LD glass ceramics.
The Influence of Cement Removal Techniques on In Situ Bacterial Adhesion and Biodegradation at the Marginal Interface of Ceramic Laminates
Authors: de Brito OFF , Sandes JM , de Lima FCG , Oliveira JB , Alves LC , Brayner FA , de Melo Monteiro GQ 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARY

Objectives
This in situ study aimed to analyze the influence of different resin cement removal techniques on bacterial adhesion and biodegradation at the marginal interface of ceramic laminates.

Methods and Materials
Eighty feldspathic ceramic (F) blocks were prepared and cemented onto bovine enamel slabs (7×2.5×2 mm). Excess cement was removed using a microbrush (MBR), a scalpel blade (SCP), or a Teflon spatula (TSP). For the biodegradation analysis, 40 disc-shaped resin cement specimens were prepared (7×1.5 mm) using a Teflon mold. The specimens were randomly allocated into two groups: (1) No finishing procedure (only Mylar strip), and (2) with finishing and polishing procedures using the Jiffy system (Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA) (n=20). The in situ phase consisted of using an intraoral palatal device by 20 volunteers for 7 days. Each device contained five cylindrical wells (8×3 mm), where three dental blocks and two cement specimens were included in the wells. Surface roughness (Ra) was measured using a contact profilometer. A micromorphological analysis was performed under a stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope. Bacterial adhesion was quantitated based on the number of colony-forming units (CFU/mL) and their biofilm development potential.

Results
The cement removal techniques directly affected surface roughness at the marginal interface (p&lt;0.001), and the SCP technique produced higher mean roughness, regardless of the surface area analyzed. Surface polishing protected cement specimens from further biodegradation (p=0.148). There were no differences in CFU counts between the groups after the in situ phase (p=0.96). All specimens showed CFU with a strong ability to develop a biofilm.

Conclusions
The techniques used for cement removal increased the surface roughness of ceramic laminates, particularly SCP, but they did not affect bacterial adhesion at the marginal interface. Surface polishing of the resin cement is recommended to mitigate biodegradation.