bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhus Semialata Derived Carbon Quantum Dots Decorated Pt Deposited TiO2 for Efficient Light‐Driven Hydrogen Production
Authors: NagaVenkata Satyanarayana Gavidi , Raghavan Akshaya , Jayachitra S. , Sathish M. , Saikat Roy Subhra , Ghosh Sutapa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs a fuel, hydrogen may effectively replace the traditional fossil fuels. TiO2 has been in use the most in semiconductors for photocatalytic hydrogen generation, according to a detailed review of the prior art. In our research, we created a photocatalytic system made of an H‐CD/Pt−TiO2 heterostructure, where carbon dots (H‐CD) were derived from a natural plant source called Rhus Semialata and 1 wt% Pt−TiO2 using photo‐deposition technique. After thorough characterization using various techniques including XPS, XRD, UV‐DRS, etc., the nanocomposites as‐prepared as well as the pristine materials were examined for their hydrogen generation capabilities using a 450 W Xe−Hg lamp. Inference from the experimental data showed that 1 wt %‐ Pt/TiO2 nanocomposite with 1 % H‐CD demonstrated a higher rate of hydrogen production (180.7 mmol h−1 g−1cat) than 1 wt%‐ Pt/TiO2. In this work, H‐CD and Pt play the role of photosensitizer and co‐catalyst respectively in enhancing the hydrogen generation of the nanocomposite compared to that of pure anatase TiO2 under similar conditions.
Application of Titanium Oxide Decorated Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes/Polyaniline as a Transducer Polymer for the Potentiometric Determination of Mirtazapine
Authors: Abdallah Nehad A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecently, mortality linked to the intake of the antidepressant mirtazapine (MTZ) together with other drugs has been recently detected, and measuring the MTZ concentration in biological fluids has become crucial. The proposed electrode is thought to be the first potentiometric carbon paste electrode for quantifying MTZ in various biological matrices. It is based on the covalent polymerization of the aniline monomers onto the surface of the multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) /TiO2 nanocomposite to be applied as an ion‐to‐electron transducer element with 18‐crown‐6‐ether as a recognition element. The MWCNTs/TiO2/Polyaniline (PANI) composite was characterized by XRD and FT‐IR. The electrode demonstrated a wide linearity range of 1×10−7 M to 1×10−2 M with a Nernstian slope of 59.76±1.55 mV/concentration decade and a LOD of 3.2×10−8 M. It was successfully applied for the determination of MTZ in spiked plasma, urine, and artificial cerebrospinal fluid without any significant interference from matrix components, with average recovery, ranged from 97.91 % to 99.31 %.
Earring Porphyrins Bearing 1,9‐Di(pyrid‐2‐yl)dipyrromethene Unit and Their BODIPY Conjugates
Authors: Yin Bangshao , Liu Yang , Rao Yutao , Xu Ling , Zhou Mingbo , Osuka Atsuhiro , Song Jianxin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSuzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions of 2,18‐di(6‐bromopyrid‐2‐yl)‐substituted NiII porphyrin and 2,8,12,18‐tetrakis(6‐bromopyrid‐2‐yl)‐substituted NiII porphyrin with 1,9‐biboryl‐5‐mesityl dipyrromethene and subsequent oxidation with p‐chloranil gave single earring and double earring NiII porphyrins, respectively, which bear 1,9‐(dipyrid‐2‐yl)dipyrromethene unit. These NiII complexes were converted to free base porphyrins and then to ZnII porphyrins. Treatment of earring NiII and earring ZnII porphyrins with BF3⋅Et2O afforded the corresponding BODIPY (boron dipyrrin) conjugates and the ZnII porphyrin‐BODIPY conjugates were converted to free base porphyrin‐BODIPY conjugates. Bent structures of earring NiII porphyrins and the corresponding BODIPY conjugates have been revealed by X‐ray diffraction analysis. ZnII porphyrin‐BODIPYs show efficient fluorescence quenching, which is ascribed to fast intramolecular electron transfer from the ZnII porphyrin to the BODIPY moiety.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity of Calcium Hydroxide Nanoparticles Against Gram‐Positive and Gram‐Negative Bacteria
Authors: Harish  , Kumari Sapna , Parihar Jagdish , Akash  , Kumari Jyoti , Kumar Lalit , Debnath Mousumi , Kumar Vipin , Mishra Rajneesh Kumar , Gwag Jin Seog , Singhal Rahul , Mukhopadhyay Anoop Kumar , Kumar Pushpendra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCalcium hydroxide nanoparticles (Ca(OH)2 NPs) are of great interest in the development of new products due to their antibacterial properties. Chemical precipitation process was used for synthesizing Ca(OH)2 NPs. The synthesized Ca(OH)2 NPs were characterized by using X‐ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transmission Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV‐Visible spectroscopy, DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) techniques. Ca(OH)2 NPs were assessed for antibacterial activity against gram‐positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The results showed reasonable bactericidal activity and flash out that the antibacterial activity of Ca(OH)2 had an important inhibitory activity against B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa which are gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation of Ca(OH)2 NPs were also studied and shows significant results against both gram negative and gram positive bacteria. From the analysis of the results, it was observed that Ca(OH)2 shows the best antibacterial activity against gram‐positive bacteria B. subtilis. Further, the possible mechanisms of antibacterial behaviour of Ca(OH)2 against each bacteria were suggested. These outcomes indicate that Ca(OH)2 could be utilized as a functional antibacterial material.
Technological learning: Lessons learned on energy technologies
Authors: Haas Reinhard , Sayer Marlene , Ajanovic Amela , Auer Hans 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe concept of technological learning is a method to anticipate the future development of the costs of technologies. It has been discussed since the 1930s as a tool for determining manufacturing cost reductions, starting in an airplane manufacturing plant, by means of learning curves and has been widely used since the 2000s in energy models to endogenize technological change. In this paper, the theoretical concept of technological learning based on energy technologies is analyzed based on examples from the literature. The main low‐carbon power generation technologies, photovoltaics, concentrated solar power, wind and nuclear energy were analyzed, showing different cost trends. Additionally, the impact of policy support on technological learning was discussed in concrete examples of bioethanol and heat pumps. We find that the homogeneity and the modularity of a technology are essential for high learning rates. A good proof is the manufacturing cost development of photovoltaics in recent decades, where a rather stable learning rate of 20% has been identified. On the contrary, nuclear power did not evolve into a homogeneous technology due to required environmental adaptations caused by accidents and the lack of standardization and application of new engineering approaches. In that case, the overall price further increased. Finally, another important condition is stable legal and regulatory conditions regarding the implementation.This article is categorized under:
Policy and Economics > Green Economics and Financing
Chapter 11: Factor Analysis
Authors: Mathai Arak , Provost Serge , Haubold Hans 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFactor analysis is a statistical method aiming at identifying a relatively small number of underlying (unobserved) factors that could explain certain interdependencies among a larger set of observed variables. Factor analysis proves useful for analyzing causal mechanisms. A suitable general linear model is posited and the maximum likelihood estimates of its parameters are derived. As well, the likelihood ratio statistic is determined and its asymptotic distribution, specified.
Chapter 12: Classification Problems
Authors: Mathai Arak , Provost Serge , Haubold Hans 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGiven certain measurements made on an individual, classification problems arise when one wishes to determine to which one of several categories (populations) this individual belongs. The cases of two populations with known distributions and two Gaussian populations having unknown parameters are initially considered. In the latter instance, the classification problem is extended to k categories. The maximum likelihood approach is also investigated for certain cases.
The zeroth law of black hole thermodynamics in arbitrary higher derivative theories of gravity
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sayantani , Biswas Parthajit , Dinda Anirban , Kundu Nilay 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We consider diffeomorphism invariant theories of gravity with arbitrary higher derivative terms in the Lagrangian as corrections to the leading two derivative theory of Einstein’s general relativity. We construct a proof of the zeroth law of black hole thermo-dynamics in such theories. We assume that a stationary black hole solution in an arbitrary higher derivative theory can be obtained by starting with the corresponding stationary solution in general relativity and correcting it order by order in a perturbative expansion in the coupling constants of the higher derivative Lagrangian. We prove that surface gravity remains constant on its horizon when computed for such stationary black holes, which is the zeroth law. We argue that the constancy of surface gravity on the horizon is related to specific components of the equations of motion in such theories. We further use a specific boost symmetry of the near horizon space-time of the stationary black hole to constrain the off-shell structure of the equations of motion. Our proof for the zeroth law is valid up to arbitrary order in the expansion in the higher derivative couplings.
Normal and disordered gastric emptying in diabetes: recent insights into (patho)physiology, management and impact on glycaemic control
Authors: Jalleh Ryan J. , Jones Karen L. , Rayner Christopher K. , Marathe Chinmay S. , Wu Tongzhi , Horowitz Michael 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGastric emptying is a major determinant of postprandial blood glucose, accounting for ~35% of variance in peak glucose in both healthy individuals and those with type 2 diabetes. Gastric emptying is frequently disordered in individuals with diabetes (both abnormally delayed and accelerated). Delayed gastric emptying, i.e. diabetic gastroparesis, may be linked to upper gastrointestinal symptoms for which current treatment remains suboptimal; pharmacological acceleration of delayed emptying is only weakly associated with symptom improvement. Accordingly, the relationship between symptoms and delayed gastric emptying is not simply ‘cause and effect’. In insulin-treated patients, disordered gastric emptying, even when not associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, can cause a mismatch between the onset of insulin action and the availability of absorbed carbohydrate, leading to suboptimal glycaemic control. In patients with type 2 diabetes, interventions that slow gastric emptying, e.g. glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, reduce postprandial blood glucose. This review focuses on recent insights into the impact of gastric emptying on postprandial blood glucose, effects of diabetes therapy on gastric emptying and the management of disordered gastric emptying in diabetes. In view of the broad relevance of gastric emptying to diabetes management, it is important that future clinical trials evaluating novel therapies that may affect gastric emptying should quantify the latter with an appropriate technique, such as scintigraphy or a stable isotope breath test.
Graphical abstract
Eight Become One: the EURECA-PRO University Network
Authors: Kircher Volkmar , Feiel Susanne , Bongaerts Jan C. , Sishchuk Julia , Drebenstedt Carsten , Lagoudakis Michail , Fragkedaki Konstantina , García-Llamas Paula , Suárez-Corona Adriana , Fernández-Raga María , Baelo-Álvarez Roberto , Górski Marcin , Pawełczyk Marek , Hochstein Synnöve , Walter Stefanie , Speck Maria , Ravas Oana , Van Hellemont Elke , Vancauwenbergh Sadia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 12 is the foundation of the European University on Responsible Consumption and Production consortium (EURECA-PRO). This article introduces the eight EURECA-PRO partner universities: Montanuniversität Leoben (Austria), Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg (Germany), Technical University of Crete (Greece), University of León (Spain), Silesian University of Technology (Poland), Mittweida University of Applied Sciences (Germany), University of Petroşani (Romania), and Hasselt University (Belgium). In addition, each university’s role within the alliance and unique research and study programmes are outlined. The synergy created by EURECA-PRO enables the pursuit of an ambitious research agenda with five research “Lighthouse Missions” as well as the implementation of joint study programmes.
Effects of soil subsidence on plantation agriculture in Indonesian peatlands
Authors: Hein Lars , Sumarga Elham , Quiñones Marcela , Suwarno Aritta 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Several million hectares of Indonesian peatlands have been converted to plantations, with oil palm being the most important plantation crop. This has contributed to the economic development of Indonesia. At the same time, it poses environmental challenges. An as yet insufficiently understood concern is that the drainage required for cultivation of peatlands causes soil subsidence. Subsidence progressively increases flood risks in plantations and will, over time, render peatlands unsuitable for cultivation since oil palm and other plantation crops are sensitive to waterlogged conditions. This paper assesses subsidence and flood risk in the main peatlands of Sumatra, and examines when peatlands will become unfit for crop production. We show that, under current management, 21% of oil palm production will be lost due to flooding, and 17% of oil palm plantations in East Sumatran peatlands will become unfit for agriculture in the coming 30 years. Over time, all peatlands will be lost for agriculture. With reduced drainage, these effects can be postponed, but not avoided. In the medium and long term, the only sustainable and economically profitable option for Indonesia is to use peatlands for no-drainage land use including crops that do not require drainage (paludiculture). This also strongly reduces the carbon footprint of cultivating in peatlands. Profitable no-drainage land use options have been tested, but their scaling up urgently needs further support from the government, industry, and international donors to materialize.
Progressive Myoklonusepilepsien
Authors: Krämer Günter 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungProgressive Myoklonusepilepsien (PME) sind eine heterogene Gruppe von Krankheiten, die bei zunächst normal entwickelten Kindern und Jugendlichen sowie ausnahmsweise auch Erwachsenen zu immer stärker werdenden und in der Regel therapierefraktären Myoklonien und anderen epileptischen Anfällen führen. Zusätzliche, ebenfalls progrediente Symptome bestehen in einer Ataxie und kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen bis hin zur Demenz. Die bislang genetisch differenzierten 12 Formen werden kurz vorgestellt und die Erkrankungen sowie Gene genannt, die darüber hinaus mit einer PME assoziiert sind. Therapeutische Aspekte werden kurz gestreift.
StateAFL: Greybox fuzzing for stateful network servers
Authors: Natella Roberto 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFuzzing network servers is a technical challenge, since the behavior of the target server depends on its state over a sequence of multiple messages. Existing solutions are costly and difficult to use, as they rely on manually-customized artifacts such as protocol models, protocol parsers, and learning frameworks. The aim of this work is to develop a greybox fuzzer (StateAFL) for network servers that only relies on lightweight analysis of the target program, with no manual customization, in a similar way to what the AFL fuzzer achieved for stateless programs. The proposed fuzzer instruments the target server at compile-time, to insert probes on memory allocations and network I/O operations. At run-time, it infers the current protocol state of the target server by taking snapshots of long-lived memory areas, and by applying a fuzzy hashing algorithm (Locality-Sensitive Hashing) to map memory contents to a unique state identifier. The fuzzer incrementally builds a protocol state machine for guiding fuzzing. We implemented and released StateAFL as open-source software. As a basis for reproducible experimentation, we integrated StateAFL with a large set of network servers for popular protocols, with no manual customization to accomodate for the protocol. The experimental results show that the fuzzer can be applied with no manual customization on a large set of network servers for popular protocols, and that it can achieve comparable, or even better code coverage and bug detection than customized fuzzing. Moreover, our qualitative analysis shows that states inferred from memory better reflect the server behavior than only using response codes from messages.
Childhood executive functions and ADHD symptoms predict psychopathology symptoms in emerging adults with and without ADHD: a 10-year longitudinal study
Authors: Orm Stian , Andersen Per Normann , Teicher Martin Hersch , Fossum Ingrid Nesdal , Øie Merete Glenne , Skogli Erik Winther 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeficits in executive functions (EFs) are theorized to play an important role in causing functional impairment and associated psychopathology in individuals with ADHD. The objective of this study was to examine the role of EFs and ADHD symptoms as longitudinal predictors of psychopathology symptoms in individuals with ADHD and typically developing individuals. We assessed individuals with and without ADHD (N = 135) with neuropsychological tests of EFs and scales of ADHD symptoms and psychopathology symptoms at baseline (T1; Mage = 11.59, 57.8% boys), 2-year follow-up (T2; Mage = 13.63, 97% retention), and 10-year follow-up (Mage = 21.18, 75% retention). Baseline EFs predicted psychopathology symptoms at the 2- and the 10-year follow-up, explaining 17% and 12% of the variance, respectively. Baseline EFs predicted both internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and the predictive value of EFs on psychopathology symptoms at 10-year follow-up was accounted for by cognitive flexibility. Baseline ADHD symptoms were a significant predictor of all symptom domains at all time points. Thus, childhood EFs, in particular cognitive flexibility, can predict psychopathology symptoms in emerging adulthood beyond the effect of ADHD symptoms. This supports dominating theories of ADHD stating that executive dysfunction contributes to the observed phenotype, including associated psychopathology symptoms, and suggests that EFs are important targets of interventional efforts.
Mapping the venture capital and private equity research: a bibliometric review and future research agenda
Authors: Cumming Douglas , Kumar Satish , Lim Weng Marc , Pandey Nitesh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe fields of venture capital and private equity are rooted in financing research on capital budgeting and initial public offering (IPO). Both fields have grown considerably in recent times with a heterogenous set of themes being explored. This review presents an analysis of research in both fields. Using a large corpus from the Web of Science, this study used bibliometric analysis to present a comprehensive encapsulation of the fields’ geographical focus, methodological choices, prominent themes, and future research directions. Noteworthily, the foundational themes in venture capital research are venture capital adoption and financing processes, venture capital roles in business, venture capital governance, venture capital syndication, and venture capital and creation of public organizations. In private equity research, style drift into venture capital emerges as a key theme alongside buyouts and privatization, and valuation and performance of private equity investment.
Association between physical activity and health-related quality of life: time to deterioration model analysis in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhuang Jinman , Liu Yuhang , Xu Xinying , Cai Yuxin , Liu Maolin , Chen Zishan , Yang Shuyan , Lin Jianbo , Hu Zhijian , Kang Mingqiang , Lin Mengxin , He Fei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract Background and purpose Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a key aspect of care for cancer survivors that can be improved by physical activity. Our aim was to explore the relationship between physical activity and time to deterioration (TTD) of the HRQoL in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).MethodsWe conducted a hospital-based prospective study. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire long-form (IPAQ-L) was used to investigate the pre-treatment physical activity levels, and the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire version 3.0 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer (EORTC QLQ-LC13) were used to assess HRQoL at baseline and during follow-up. The QoLR package was used to calculate the HRQoL scores and determine TTD events (minimal clinically important difference=5 points). The effect of physical activity on the HRQoL was assessed using Cox regression analysis.ResultsFor EORTC QLQ-C30, TTD events of physical functioning (PF) and dyspnea (DY) in functional scales and symptom scales were the most common during follow-up. Pre-treatment physical activity was found to significantly delay TTD of insomnia (HR=0.635, 95%CI: 0.437–0.922,P=0.017) and diarrhea (HR=0.475, 95%CI: 0.291–0.774,P=0.003). For EORTC QLQ-LC13 scales, deterioration of dyspnea (LC-DY) was the most common event. Physical activity was found to delay the TTD of dyspnea (HR=0.654, 95%CI: 0.474–0.903,P=0.010), sore mouth (HR=0.457, 95%CI: 0.244–0.856,P=0.015), and dysphagia (HR=0.315, 95%CI: 0.172–0.580,P<0.001).ConclusionsPre-treatment physical activity of LUAD patients may delay the TTD of multiple HRQoL indicators in EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LC13.Implication for Cancer SurvivorsHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a key aspect of care for cancer survivors (someone who is living with or beyond cancer), that can be improved by physical activity. Our aim was to explore the relationship between physical activity and time to deterioration (TTD) of the HRQoL in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).
Impact of audio on navigation strategies in children and adults with dyslexia
Authors: Knoop-van Campen Carolien A. N. , Segers Eliane , Verhoeven Ludo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Children and adults with dyslexia are often provided with audio-support, which reads the written text for the learner. The present study examined to what extent audio-support as a form of external regulation impacts navigation patterns in children and adults with and without dyslexia. We compared navigation patterns in multimedia lessons of learners with (36 children, 41 adults), and without dyslexia (46 children, 44 adults) in a text-condition vs. text-audio-condition. Log files were recorded to identify navigation patterns. Four patterns could be distinguished: linear reading (linear), linear reading with rereading (big peak), reading with going back to previous pages (small peaks), and a combination of strategies (combined peaks). Children generally used linear navigation strategies in both conditions, whereas adults mostly used combined-peaks strategies in the text-condition, but linear strategies in the text-audio-condition. No differences were found between learners with and without dyslexia. Audio-support does not impact navigation strategies in children but does seem to impact navigation strategies in adult learners, towards the use of more linear navigation patterns, reflecting less self-regulation.