bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational study of the acetic acid extraction process from an aqueous solution with the aid of biological buffer
Authors: Altway S , Ramli N B , Maulidia M I , Soeprijanto S , Zuchrillah D R , Tiwikrama A H 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The liquid-liquid extraction of acetic acid from an aqueous solution with 1-heptanol as an extraction solvent in the extraction column and mixer-decanter at 30°C and atmospheric pressure was simulated using Aspen Plus. A Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL) based model was developed by minimizing maximum-likelihood objective function. In the simulation of the extraction column and mixer-decanter, the effect of the number of stages and the flow rate of the solvent on the percent recovery can be seen. In addition, a comparison of the percent recovery value between acetic acid extraction systems using EPPS (4-(2-hydroxyehtyl)-1-piperazine propanesulfonic acid) and HEPES (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1 piperazineethanesulfonic acid) buffers was also carried out with systems without buffers. In this study, an economic analysis was also carried out for the acetic acid extraction system using an extraction column and a mixer-decanter. Based on the simulation results, the acetic acid extraction system with the addition of HEPES buffer using extraction column with the number of stages = 8 and solvent to feed mass ratio = 1.6 was the most optimal and efficient extraction process obtained in this study. This system has the capital cost of 180,729,262.67 USD with the percent recovery up to 99.83% and the mass fraction of acetic acid in the raffinate phase is 0.0002 which is also extremely low.
Removal of ammonia in raw water taken from Surabaya river using biofiltration process
Authors: Said N I , Widayat W , Yudo S , Kholiq M A , Setiyono  
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Research on the removal of ammonia in raw water taken from the Surabaya river has been carried out. The study was conducted by operating a biofilter pilot plant consisting of lamella type-sedimentation tanks and biofilter reactors filled with honeycomb type-plastic media. The results of the study showed that the biofilter process which consists of sedimentation tanks and biofilter reactors can reduce turbidity, ammonia, and nitrite inside raw water. Generally, the longer the retention time in the biofilter pilot plant is, the greater the efficiency is in eliminating turbidity, ammonia, and nitrite in the raw water. With the total retention time of 81 minutes in the biofilter test model, the efficiency of turbidity, ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite was 33.83%, 57.84%, 16.40%, and 59.41%, respectively. Based on the results of the research above, it was found that with the ammonia load of 1 until 5 gr/m3. Hours (24 until 120 gr/m3.day), it efficiently reduced the ammonia compounds by 30%-50%. In the chlorination process, chlorine compounds can react with ammonia compounds in the raw water, so by decreasing the concentration of ammonia, the consumption of chlorine will be reduced, resulting in lower production costs. With the reduced use of chlorine compounds, the potential formation of micropollutant compounds due to the chlorination process will also be reduced.
Economic analysis on the potential of palm oil empty fruit bunch pellets as alternative fuel to reduce the cost of the government’s 3 kg LPG subsidy and its role in achieving sustainable development goals
Authors: Dewanjaya L A , Yuliansyah A T , Suyono E A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Government subsidies related to 3 kg LPG per year are significant in the last three years if averaged up to IDR 50 trillion per year. Even though the number of users continue to increase, unfortunately, there are still many shortages of 3 kg LPG in areas outside Java; even in Java, there is still a scarcity. The Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources has issued Ministerial Decree No. 128 K / 70 / MEM / 2020 concerning the Task Force on Energy Security and Energy Utilization. In the second statement point, d stipulates the LPG Import Reduction Working Group. The purpose of this study is to calculate the economic value of the empty fruit bunch (EFB) pellet business as a recommendation to the government and the private sector. The method used is the calculation of NPV, MIRR, PBP, and ROI. In addition, ethical business and distribution models are used to deliver products to the end-user (customer) and guaranteed availability. Therefore, a breakthrough is needed to process empty fruit bunches (EFB) into industrial-scale solid fuel (pellets) that can replace 3 kg LPG, especially for poor people.
Study of domestic wastewater in oil and gas field: A case study in the Cangkring river, Tuban, East Java
Authors: Patimah A S , Prasetya A , Murti S H 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Mudi Field, Tuban is an oil and gas producing area in East Java. Pad B Mudi Field is an office area for the oil and gas industry. The oil and gas industrial office area in Pad B Mudi Field produces domestic wastewater, which is channeled into the Cangkring River. Domestic wastewater flows directly into rivers. This study aims to determine the water quality of the Cangkring River region, which is mixed with domestic wastewater from Pad B Mudi Field. Samples of river water were taken at 3 points along with the river flow. Sample evaluation included physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Sample test results were adjusted according to domestic wastewater quality standards and water quality standards. Parameters tested include temperature, TSS, pH, BOD5, COD, ammonia (NH3), phosphate (PO4
3-), chromium, oils and fats, and total coliforms. The highest values of the three samples for each parameter were temperature of 20.8 °C, TSS of 13 mg/L, pH of 7.8, BOD5 of 6.53 mg/L, COD of 17.38 mg/L, ammonia (NH3) of 6.13 mg/L, phosphate (PO4
3-) of 1.15 mg/L, chromium of 0.01 mg/L, oils and fats of 1.6 mg/L, and total coliform of 2400/100 mL. The values of the three points of the Cangkring River water test results met all the parameters of the domestic wastewater quality standards. In testing water quality standards, Cangkring River water met all parameters of class 4 water quality standards, namely water quality that can be used to irrigate agriculture. So it can be concluded that the condition of the Cangkring River water is safe for the community but is not suitable for drinking water, recreational infrastructure, and aquaculture.
Utilization of gambier leaf extract (Uncaria gambier roxb) as antibacterial and natural dyes in making liquid bath soap with natrium lauryl ether sulfate
Authors: Nurhayati C , Susilawati N , Susanto T , Marthalia W , Nugroho A K 
Published: January 2022

AbstractResearch has been carried out on the liquid soap formulation of Gambier leaf extract (Uncaria gambierRoxb) from the by-product of the Gambier Industry with natrium lauryl ether sulfate as raw material. Gambier extract contains catechins and catechu tannic acids which have antibacterial, pharmacological, and other toxic properties. In addition, it contains tannins for natural dyes. The purpose of this research is to develop a liquid bath soap formulation with Gambier extract, which has high antibacterial properties using stable, safe, and comfortable natural dyes according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). This research went through several stages using 6 (six) variations of gambier extract waste as follows: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10%. The quality testing of liquid soap used chemical and physical properties tests, including pH, viscosity, foam stability, total plate number, specific gravity, free alkaline, texture, color, and aroma, then compared to SNI 4085-2017 about the quality requirements for liquid bath soap. The results showed that the usage of by-products of the gambier production process, not only used as natural dyes, would also strengthen bacterial inhibition which was indicated by a decrease in the value of the Total Bacterial Plate Number. The more the gambier waste concentration, the more the red color and antiseptic indicated by decreasing of the total plate number. The best treatment in this study was A4 treatment (addition of 6% gambier waste) with pH value 8.8, viscosity 170.98 cP foam stability (t0=95.6mm, t5=77.1mm), total bacterial plate number 1.05 x 102colonies/g, specific gravity 1.0404 mg/L, free alkaline <0.008%, preferable hedonic (texture, color, and aroma).
Disinfection of wastewater with ultraviolet light on devices of the cyclic principle of action
Authors: Ovchinnikov A S , Bocharnikov V S , Bocharnikova O V , Pustovalov E V , Denisova M A , Repenko T V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article presents a diagram of a device for ultraviolet disinfection of wastewater of a cyclic principle of action, which allows you to control the time of liquid processing and, accordingly, the dose of ultraviolet radiation. The device consists of the following structural elements: round-section body; ultraviolet lamps attached to the inner surface of the housing walls; inlet and outlet pipelines with shut-off and control valves; level gauge made in the form of a float. One cycle of operation of the device consists of filling the body, processing (disinfecting) the original liquid, and emptying the body. Control tests of this device were carried out in the process of purifying wastewater from a cattle breeding complex. During the tests of this device, it was revealed that the effluents treated with ultraviolet light with a generally accepted radiation dose of 30 mJ/cm2 do not meet the requirements of sanitary and hygienic standards, since the number of viable helminth eggs at the outlet is 54.2% of their initial value, and the effect of complete deworming can be achieved only at a dose of ultraviolet radiation of at least 45 mJ/cm2.
The use of wastes from the fat-and-oil industry in feeding calves in order to improve environmental safety
Authors: Yu Bryukhno O , Nikolaev S I , Yu Agapov S , Lipova E A , Agapova V N , Spiridonov D N 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The present article provides the results of the commercial farm-based scientific trial conducted in calves up to six months of the age. In the rearing period of young animals, a promising technology would be the way, when premixes are included in the diet in the dairy period. The conducted study showed that the use of fat and oil industry waste as the basis for premixes helps to solve several problems, namely, to expand the ingredient list and provide alternative materials for farm animals, which allows to increase the protein level in animal diet, as well as to solve the problem of disposal the waste from the fat-and-oil industry. The experiment carried out on the Holstein dairy cows positively estimated the studied premix ZP61-2S. The results show that giving it to the calves had a beneficial effect on the digestibility of dry matter, which was better in the animals of the experimental group by 2.1% than in the control and amounted to 75.2%. Nitrogen utilization by animals in both control and experimental groups were not reduced, and the balance was positive. Thus, the ZP61-2S premix in the compound feed for young cattle increases the average daily gain of animals by 6.85%.
Eco-friendly ways to feed pigs without antibiotics
Authors: Komlatsky V I , Komlatsky G V , Mosolov A A , Struk A N , Spivak M E 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The reduction in the use of feed antibiotics in animal husbandry to prevent a number of diseases and increase the productivity of pigs predetermined the need to search for alternative means in feeding that could be similar to antibiotics in terms of their effect on the pigs’ organism. In this regard, the widespread use of acidifiers based on organic acids. Due to the biological characteristics of pigs, piglets aged 28-30 days after weaning from sows produce an insufficient amount of hydrochloric acid in the body. The introduction of acidifiers helps to increase the digestibility of feed, and has an antimicrobial effect. A positive effect on the increase in live weight gain and the safety of piglets was shown by the results of the use of feed concentrate “Furor-T” for growing and fattening. This feed additive, obtained using a special technology from natural organic substances, is a mixture of fulvic and humic acids. The introduction of concentrate into feed in an amount of 5 to 20 g per 1 kg of feed in different periods of growth increases the average daily gain by 10-13% and ensures 100% safety of the livestock.
Improving the quality of broiler chicken meat without the use of antibiotics
Authors: Slozhenkina M I , Fedotova A M , Knyazhechenko O A , Fedotova G V , Mosolov A A , Frolova M V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article presents impact study results of probiotic feed additives “Laktumin-1” and “Laktuvet-1” on growth, productive characteristics of broiler chickens of the “Cobb-500” cross and quality their meat. Study of meat quality and productivity of the chickens raised by technology without the use of antibiotics on the basis of experimental vivarium of Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-And-Milk Production was carried out in October 2020. The chickens were divided into three groups of one hundred chicks each and were raised up to 37 days of age. As a result of the studies, it was found that from the first ten-day periodof the experiment, broiler chickens receiving “Lactumin-1” and “Laktuvet-1” surpassed the analogs of the control group in live weight. In the experimental meat samples taken from their pectoral muscles, protein content was higher than in the control group.
Protein and prebiotic feed additives: influence on the quality indicators of rabbit meat
Authors: Zolotareva A G , Struk A N , Mosolov A A , Gorlov I F , Slozhenkina M I , Knyazhechenko O A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Feeding is one of the key factors affecting the growth and development of rabbits, as well as the quality of the meat obtained. The article discusses the possibility of joint use of additives in the form of a suspension of chlorella, which contains a large amount of protein and vitamins, as well as “Lactuvet”, which includes a powerful prebiotic lactulose. In the course of the study, the dynamics of the growth of animals was analyzed, an assessment of the hematological and biochemical parameters of blood, as well as the main physicochemical parameters of meat was carried out. As a result, it was concluded that the proposed additives have a positive effect on the weight gain of animals, as well as on the nutritional value of the resulting meat.
The kombucha infusion use prospects in as an environmentally friendly food product
Authors: Kleschevnikova V V , Zlepkina N A , Skorokhodov E A , Gorbunov A V , Avoyan I A , Chuchunov V A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Medusomyces gisevi (combucha) culture has long been widely used by the population for food purposes, as well as a natural prophylactic and medicinal agent. The detoxification, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating, hypolipidemic properties etc. are among the proven properties of kombucha. Researches by a number of authors have proven a pronounced bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect of kombucha metabolites against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms. In this work we conducted research on the fish pickling technology on the basis of vinegar obtained from the cultural liquid of the kombucha. We studied the organoleptic and physicochemical indicators of the experimental pickled fish batches, according to the results of which it was noted that in the course of autoleptic changes when pickling by the proposed method, the proteins undergo a stronger denaturation.
Evaluation of quality indicators of fermented milk product based on sheep’s milk enriched with vegetable ingredients
Authors: Kolosov Y A , Shirokova N V , Chamurliev N G , Kolosova N N , Shperov A S , Vorontsova E S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is a comprehensive assessment of the quality of yogurt enriched with vegetable ingredients. The object of research is a fermented milk product, the main ingredient of the formulation is sheep’s milk. The unique composition of sheep’s milk makes it a promising raw material for obtaining food products with high biological and nutritional value. Milk thistle meal, ground walnut and chokeberry syrup were selected as vegetable fortifiers for the yogurt under study. Experimental studies were conducted in the Don State Agrarian University. Traditional yogurt based on cow’s milk without fillers was selected as control samples. When analyzing the results of studies of the fatty acid composition of the samples of the fermented milk product, it was revealed that the prototype in terms of the content of some fatty acids exceeds the values of the control, due to the replacement of cow’s milk and the introduction of vegetable ingredients. The study assessed the quality indicators of yogurt samples, such as organoleptic, physico-chemical, biochemical and microbiological. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that it is advisable to enrich the fermented milk product with vegetable ingredients.
Cleaning of grain sowing material from weed seeds for the sustainable development of agriculture
Authors: Alekseev V V , Mitrukhin L K , Fadeev I V , Uspensky I A , Yukhin I A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article deals with the optimization of cleaning grains and seeds of agricultural crops from weed seeds. The process of cleaning grain material by one-dimensional horizontal vibrations depends on the friction coefficients of the seeds against each other. It is optimized by selecting the amplitude and angle, relative to the vertical, under which the cylindrical container containing the grain mixture is located. Experiments were carried out with almost all types of seeds most widely used in the domestic agricultural industry. The cleaning process was investigated only at amplitudes smaller than the seed size. The seeds of cultivated plants and weeds move upward or downward, depending on the specific gravity. Calculations show that with correctly selected values of the amplitude and angle, the average trajectories of the grains are practically straight lines parallel to the generatrix of the cylinder containing the seeds. Studies have shown that the maximum cleaning speed is achieved under the condition that the angle of inclination of the cylindrical vessel is equal to the natural slope of the seeds with the highest specific gravity.
Intra-farm transportation of easily damaged agro food products for sustainable development of agricultures
Authors: Borychev S N , Uspensky I A , A Yukhin I , Golikov A A , Kosorukov D I 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article presents some aspects of the issue of damage to easily damaged agricultural products during intrafarm transportation, as well as the results of a patent and license review of the scientific and technical groundwork of the authors of the article in this research area. Based on the results new scientifically grounded technical solutions of devices for increasing the safety of agricultural products during transportation are proposed, in particular containers, to reduce the damage of products during their transportation by increasing the area of contact between fruits and the container, as well as reducing the space for free movement of products.
Improving the design of a root crop harvester in order to increase the sustainability of agriculture
Authors: Ulyanov M V , Skripkin D V , Kharlashin A V , Ulyanova A V , Ayugin N P , Sh Khalimov R 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cultivating agricultural crops assumes the use of mechanical means to accelerate the performance of technical operations in a reasonable agrotechnical amount of time. Vegetable growing is one of the industries where it is necessary to use modern automated and robotized machinery. Technologies and technical means have been considered which are used in enterprises engaged in cultivating tuberous roots at the moment and their disadvantages have been revealed. As a result, a technology of harvesting tuberous roots has been proposed, which is based on the use of the combine-harvester developed. The design solutions of the combine-harvester have been considered, which allow to solve the problem of the vegetable growers, and the technical process of harvesting tuberous roots has been described. The substantiation of a drum cutter bar has been presented and the coefficient of chaff feed to the transporter, the traction force of the conveyor motion and the power at the drive of the chain slatted conveyors have been determined. As a result of the researches carried out, it was determined that the use of the combine-harvester for tuberous roots shall allow to increase the level of mechanization and the productivity at enterprises, which are engaged in cultivating vegetable crops.
Reducing damage of melons and gourds during automated harvesting
Authors: Shaprov M N , Sedov A V , Sedova O P , Ulyanov M V , Gurba A V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Agricultural enterprises where harvesting is manual contribute significantly to the production of cucurbit crops in modern economic conditions. Their low automation level of harvesting is explained by the absence of modern highly productive machine-harvesters. The goal of the present study is to model the process, wherein cucurbit crops roll in on the floating skid of the guide of a pickup platform without being damaged. An analytical model was composed in order to model the process of interaction between the crops and the floating skid, which allowed to carry out the theoretical substantiation of the technical process. The study carried out resulted in modeling the technical process, wherein crops roll on the floating skid of the guide of a platform, as well as in a theoretical substantiation of the condition, at which the force of impact interaction between a crop and the floating skid must not exceed the ultimate pressure on a crop, which would result in its destruction. The value of this force depends above all on the strength properties and the size and weight characteristics of crops, as well as on the kinematic and structural parameters of the rolling-in device.
Ultra-short optical pulse generation in micro OLEDs and the perspective of lasing
Authors: Lenstra Daan , Fischer Alexis P A , Ouirimi Amani , Chime Alex Chamberlain , Loganathan Nixson , Chakaroun Mahmoud 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We report experimental and theoretical investigations with an in-house fabricated tris(8‐hydroxyquinoline)‐aluminum (Alq3)-based high-speed micro-organic light-emitting diodes (μ-OLEDs) and demonstrate very promising optical pulse responses as short as 400 ps. With a model for an electrically pumped OLED, we simulate the emission of sub-nanosecond optical pulses. The model includes field-dependent (Poole-Frenkel) Langevin recombination and reabsorption of photons by singlets (Stokes-shifted), and by triplets (TA). The good agreement between the measurement and the simulation is the basis for further study of the prospects on the ps time scale, i.e. stimulated emission and conditions for laser operation. For an Alq3-based micro-OLED with high-Q optical cavity, we predict pulsed laser operation with damped relaxation oscillations in the GHz regime and several orders of magnitude linewidth narrowing, but only during 3 ns at most. The simulated current density threshold values vary from 10 kA cm−2 for Q= 500 to less than 1 kA cm−2 for Q = 1000. No continuous-wave (CW) lasing is found due to the accumulation of triplet excitons for t > 5 ns, which has two deteriorating effects, (a) suppression of the gain-providing singlet excitons due to singlet-triplet absorption and (b) suppression of the photon density due to photon absorption by triplets (TA). Prospects for CW-lasing with other organic molecules are discussed.