bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fault detection and classification of DC microgrid based on VMD
Authors: Barik Subrat Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to present a new fault detection and classification scheme of both DC faults and AC faults on a DC microgrid network.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve reliable protection, the derivative of DC current signal is decomposed into several intrinsic modes using variational mode decomposition (VMD), which are then used as inputs to the Hilbert–Haung transform technique to obtain the instantaneous amplitude and frequency of the decomposed modes of the signal. A weighted Kurtosis index is used to obtain the most sensitive mode, which is used to compute sudden change in discrete Teager energy (DTE), indicating the occurrence of the fault. A stacked autoencoder-based neural network is applied for classifying the pole to ground (PG), pole to pole (PP), line to ground (LG), line to line (LL) and three-phase line to ground (LLLG) faults. The effectiveness of the proposed protection technique is validated in MATLAB/SIMULINK by considering different test cases.

Findings
As the maximum fault detection time is only 5 ms, the proposed detection technique is very fast. A stacked autoencoder-based neural network is applied for classifying the PG, PP, LG, LL and LLLG faults with classification accuracy of 99.1%.

Originality/value
The proposed technique provides a very fast, reliable and accurate protection scheme for DC microgrid system.
Analytical review on deep learning and IoT for smart healthcare monitoring system
Authors: Yempally Sangeetha , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Velliangiri S. 
Published: June 2022

PurposeSelecting and using the same health monitoring devices for a particular problem is a tedious task. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of 40 research papers giving the Smart health monitoring system using Internet of things (IoT) and Deep learning.Design/methodology/approachHealth Monitoring Systems play a significant role in the healthcare sector. The development and testing of health monitoring devices using IoT and deep learning dominate the healthcare sector.FindingsIn addition, the detailed conversation and investigation are finished by techniques and development framework. Authors have identified the research gap and presented future research directions in IoT, edge computing and deep learning.Originality/valueThe gathered research articles are examined, and the gaps and issues that the current research papers confront are discussed. In addition, based on various research gaps, this assessment proposes the primary future scope for deep learning and IoT health monitoring model.
Influence of spherical protruded and dimple texture on the journal bearing performance: A comparative theoretical analysis implementing JFO boundary conditions
Authors: Syed Nayab Rasool , Kakoty Sashindra Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to compare the spherical protruded and dimple textured journal bearings performance characteristics with the untextured bearing.

Design/methodology/approach
The governing Reynolds equation considering the mass conserving (JFO) boundary conditions is solved using the computationally efficient progressive mesh densification (PMD) method. The central difference scheme is used for the discretization of the governing Reynolds equation. The numerical code developed is validated with the experimental results available in the literature.

Findings
From this numerical study, it has been observed that the protruded textured journal bearing gives better performance compared to the dimple textured and untextured journal bearing for friction variable, whereas dimple textured journal bearing provides better performance compared to the protruded textured and untextured journal bearing for load carrying capacity and flow coefficient. For better performance, dimple and protruded textured bearings must be textured in second-half textured region configuration.

Practical implications
The results shown here would be quite useful for the researchers generally and the bearing designers particularly.

Originality/value
The load carrying capacity should be maximum whereas, the friction coefficient should be minimum and also the adequate flow of lubricant is necessary to maintain hydrodynamic lubrication and to remove the heat generated within the bearing due to friction, which impacts the bearing performance and life. Thus, this study would be significant in effective bearing design aspect.
Non-GAAP reporting and capital markets: contrasting France and Canada
Authors: Cormier Denis , Demaria Samira , Magnan Michel 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This study aims to assess if the voluntary reporting of adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA), a widely used non-generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) measure, has effects on information asymmetry and value relevance and how the adjustments to GAAP earnings made to derive it contribute to these effects. This study focuses on firms from two countries with contrasting institutional settings, Canada and France.

Design/methodology/approach
Relying on multivariate analyses and using Heckman’s procedure to address the sample self-selection issue, this study first estimates the likelihood of a firm to report adjusted EBITDA. Then, this study examines if adjusted EBITDA, as well as the adjustments made to GAAP earnings to derive adjusted EBITDA (adjustments), affect a firm’s information asymmetry and its value. These adjustments are essentially GAAP-grounded items that are discarded by management to derive non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA. The dependent variables are share price volatility, as a proxy for information asymmetry, alongside market-to-book and stock market return as indicators of value.

Findings
In terms of the used sample, results suggest that Canadian firms are much more likely to report adjusted EBITDA than French firms. Chief executive officer (CEO) attributes (CEO power) appears to increase such likelihood. Moreover, for both Canadian and French firms, adjusted EBITDA is associated with reduced stock market volatility, an indication of lower information asymmetry, as well as higher market-to-book and returns, suggesting value relevance. The results also indicate that investors view the adjustments to GAAP earnings made by management to derive adjusted EBITDA as not value relevant (similar to noise). The GAAP-grounded elements that management discard to derive adjusted EBITDA actually increase information asymmetry.

Originality/value
This study adds to prior research on the interface between a CEO attributes and governance and non-GAAP reporting. This study also provides evidence that, despite very different institutional settings, non-GAAP reporting conveys relevant information to capital markets’ participants in both France and Canada. Hence, a country’s institutional setting may have a differential impact on the disclosure choice but not on the resulting value relevance of such disclosure. Finally, this study extends the non-GAAP literature by examining the value relevance of a widely used yet under-researched measure, adjusted EBITDA.
Mesenchymal stroma/stem cells: Haematologists’ friend or foe?
Authors: Nachmias Boaz , Zimran Eran , Avni Batia 
Published: June 2022

SummaryMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are non‐haematopoietic cells found in fetal and adult organs, that play important roles in tissue repair, inflammation and immune modulation. MSCs residing in the bone marrow interact closely with haematopoietic cells and comprise an important component of the microenvironment supporting haematopoiesis, in both health and disease states. Since their identification in 1970, basic scientific and preclinical research efforts have shed light on the role of MSCs in the regulation of haematopoiesis and evoked interest in their clinical application in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and malignant haematology. Over the last two decades, these research efforts have led to numerous clinical trials, which have established the safety of MSC therapy; however, the optimal mode of administration and the benefit remain inconclusive. In this paper, we will review the clinical experience with use of MSCs in HSCT for enhancement of engraftment, prevention and treatment of graft‐versus‐host disease and haemorrhagic cystitis. Then, we will discuss the contradictory evidence regarding tumour‐promoting versus tumour‐suppressing effects of MSCs in haematological malignancies, which may have relevance for future clinical applications.
MiR‐26a‐tetrahedral framework nucleic acids mediated osteogenesis of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Shao Xiaoru , Hu Zhong , Zhan Yuxi , Ma Wenjuan , Quan Li , Lin Yunfeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesDelivery systems that provide time and space control have a good application prospect in tissue regeneration applications, as they can effectively improve the process of wound healing and tissue repair. In our experiments, we constructed a novel micro‐RNA delivery system by linking framework nucleic acid nanomaterials to micro‐RNAs to promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.Materials and MethodsTo verify the successful preparation of tFNAs–miR‐26a, the size of tFNAs–miR‐26a were observed by non‐denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and dynamic light scattering techniques. The expression of osteogenic differentiation‐related genes and proteins was investigated by confocal microscope, PCR and western blot to detect the impact of tFNAs–miR‐26a on ADSCs. And finally, Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway related proteins and genes were detected by confocal microscope, PCR and western blot to study the relevant mechanism.ResultsBy adding this novel complex, the osteogenic differentiation ability of mesenchymal stem cells was significantly improved, and the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) on the surface of the cell membrane and the formation of calcium nodules in mesenchymal stem cells were significantly increased on days 7 and 14 of induction of osteogenic differentiation, respectively. Gene and protein expression levels of ALP (an early marker associated with osteogenic differentiation), RUNX2 (a metaphase marker), and OPN (a late marker) were significantly increased. We also studied the relevant mechanism of action and found that the novel nucleic acid complex promoted osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by activating the canonical Wnt signaling pathway.ConclusionsThis study may provide a new research direction for the application of novel nucleic acid nanomaterials in bone tissue regeneration.
The High Priests of Global Development: Capitalism, Religion and the Political Economy of Sacrifice in a Celebrity‐led Water Charity
Authors: Menga Filippo , Goodman Michael K. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTThroughout the world, 785 million people lack a basic drinking‐water service and at least 2 billion people consume contaminated drinking water. At the same time, numerous global water charities fronted by ‘caring’, politicized celebrity figures — dubbed the ‘high priests’ of global development by the authors of this article — have sought to ‘solve’ inequalities in access to clean water through market‐based solutions and charity donations. This article engages with the fields of critical social theory, political theology, political ecology and celebrity studies to analyse the interrelationship between capitalism and religion, to interrogate the drivers of international development, and to historically situate the work of celebrity‐led water charities and the growing role of these ‘high priests’. It takes the case of Matt Damon's Water.org to examine the increasingly religious nature of these neoliberalized charity processes, and outlines the main elements of what the authors term a contemporary political economy of sacrifice. They argue that this results in charities that, rather than reducing inequalities, actually reproduce, normalize and legitimize the very system and exploitative relations that are responsible for these inequalities and environmental problems in the first place, while scattered and localized fixes sustain the illusion that things are getting better.
The shaken realist: Bernard Williams, the war, and philosophy as cultural critique
Authors: Krishnan Nikhil , Queloz Matthieu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBernard Williams thought that philosophy should address real human concerns felt beyond academic philosophy. But what wider concerns are addressed byEthics and the Limits of Philosophy, a book he introduces as being “principally about how things are in moral philosophy”? In this article, we argue that Williams responded to the concerns of his day indirectly, refraining from explicitly claiming wider cultural relevance, but hinting at it in the pair of epigraphs that opens the main text. This was Williams's solution to what he perceived as the stylistic problem of how to pursue philosophy as cultural critique. Taking the epigraphs as interpretative keys to the wider resonances of the book, we show how they reveal Williams's philosophical concerns—with the primacy of character over method, the obligation to follow orders, and the possibility of combining truth, truthfulness, and a meaningful life in a disillusioned world—to be recognisably rooted in the cultural concerns of post‐war Britain. In the light of its epigraphs, the book emerges as the critique of a philosophical tradition's inadequacies to the special difficulties of its cultural moment.
Myopathy as a cause of fatigue in long‐term post‐COVID‐19 symptoms: Evidence of skeletal muscle histopathology
Authors: Hejbøl Eva K. , Harbo Thomas , Agergaard Jane , Madsen Line B. , Pedersen Thomas H. , Østergaard Lars J. , Andersen Henning , Schrøder Henrik D. , Tankisi Hatice 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeAmong post‐COVID‐19 symptoms, fatigue is reported as one of the most common, even after mild acute infection, and as the cause of fatigue, myopathy diagnosed by electromyography has been proposed in previous reports. This study aimed to explore the histopathological changes in patients with post‐COVID‐19 fatigue.MethodsSixteen patients (mean age = 46 years) with post‐COVID‐19 complaints of fatigue, myalgia, or weakness persisting for up to 14 months were included. In all patients, quantitative electromyography and muscle biopsies analyzed with light and electron microscopy were taken.ResultsMuscle weakness was present in 50% and myopathic electromyography in 75%, and in all patients there were histological changes. Muscle fiber atrophy was found in 38%, and 56% showed indications of fiber regeneration. Mitochondrial changes, comprising loss of cytochrome c oxidase activity, subsarcollemmal accumulation, and/or abnormal cristae, were present in 62%. Inflammation was found in 62%, seen as T lymphocytes and/or muscle fiber human leukocyte antigen ABC expression. In 75%, capillaries were affected, involving basal lamina and cells. In two patients, uncommon amounts of basal lamina were found, not only surrounding muscle fibers but also around nerves and capillaries.ConclusionsThe wide variety of histological changes in this study suggests that skeletal muscles may be a major target of SARS‐CoV‐2, causing muscular post‐COVID‐19 symptoms. The mitochondrial changes, inflammation, and capillary injury in muscle biopsies can cause fatigue in part due to reduced energy supply. Because most patients had mild–moderate acute affection, the new variants that might cause less severe acute disease could still have the ability to cause long‐term myopathy.
Comparative mitogenomics elucidates the population genetic structure of Amblyomma testudinarium in Japan and a closely related Amblyomma species in Myanmar
Authors: Mohamed Wessam Mohamed Ahmed , Moustafa Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed , Thu May June , Kakisaka Keita , Chatanga Elisha , Ogata Shohei , Hayashi Naoki , Taya Yurie , Ohari Yuma , Naguib Doaa , Qiu Yongjin , Matsuno Keita , Bawm Saw , Htun Lat Lat , Barker Stephen C. , Katakura Ken , Ito Kimihito , Nonaka Nariaki , Nakao Ryo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTicks are the second most important vector capable of transmitting diseases affecting the health of both humans and animals. Amblyomma testudinarium Koch 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae), is a hard tick species having a wide geographic distribution in Asia. In this study, we analyzed the composition of A. testudinarium whole mitogenomes from various geographical regions in Japan and investigated the population structure, demographic patterns, and phylogeographic relationship with other ixodid species. In addition, we characterized a potentially novel tick species closely related to A. testudinarium from Myanmar. Phylogeographic inference and evolutionary dynamics based on the 15 mitochondrial coding genes supported that A. testudinarium population in Japan is resolved into a star‐like haplogroup and suggested a distinct population structure of A. testudinarium from Amami island in Kyushu region. Correlation analysis using Mantel test statistics showed that no significant correlation was observed between the genetic and geographic distances calculated between the A. testudinarium population from different localities in Japan. Finally, demographic analyses, including mismatch analysis and Tajima’s D test, suggested a possibility of recent population expansion occurred within Japanese haplogroup after a bottleneck event. Although A. testudinarium has been considered widespread and common in East and Southeast Asia, the current study suggested that potentially several cryptic Amblyomma spp. closely related to A. testudinarium are present in Asia.
An allozyme polymorphism is associated with a large chromosomal inversion in the marine snail Littorina fabalis
Authors: Le Moan Alan , Panova Marina , De Jode Aurélien , Ortega‐Martinez Olga , Duvetorp Mårten , Faria Rui , Butlin Roger , Johannesson Kerstin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the genetic targets of natural selection is one of the most challenging goals of population genetics. Some of the earliest candidate genes were identified from associations between allozyme allele frequencies and environmental variation. One such example is the clinal polymorphism in the arginine kinase (Ak) gene in the marine snail Littorina fabalis. While other enzyme loci do not show differences in allozyme frequencies among populations, the Ak alleles are near differential fixation across repeated wave exposure gradients in Europe. Here, we use this case to illustrate how a new sequencing toolbox can be employed to characterize the genomic architecture associated with historical candidate genes. We found that the Ak alleles differ by nine nonsynonymous substitutions, which perfectly explain the different migration patterns of the allozymes during electrophoresis. Moreover, by exploring the genomic context of the Ak gene, we found that the three main Ak alleles are located on different arrangements of a putative chromosomal inversion that reaches near fixation at the opposing ends of two transects covering a wave exposure gradient. This shows Ak is part of a large (3/4 of the chromosome) genomic block of differentiation, in which Ak is unlikely to be the only target of divergent selection. Nevertheless, the nonsynonymous substitutions among Ak alleles and the complete association of one allele with one inversion arrangement suggest that the Ak gene is a strong candidate to contribute to the adaptive significance of the inversion.
Ten years of demographic modelling of divergence and speciation in the sea
Authors: De Jode Aurélien , Le Moan Alan , Johannesson Kerstin , Faria Rui , Stankowski Sean , Westram Anja Marie , Butlin Roger K. , Rafajlović Marina , Fraïsse Christelle 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnderstanding population divergence that eventually leads to speciation is essential for evolutionary biology. High species diversity in the sea was regarded as a paradox when strict allopatry was considered necessary for most speciation events because geographical barriers seemed largely absent in the sea, and many marine species have high dispersal capacities. Combining genome‐wide data with demographic modelling to infer the demographic history of divergence has introduced new ways to address this classical issue. These models assume an ancestral population that splits into two subpopulations diverging according to different scenarios that allow tests for periods of gene flow. Models can also test for heterogeneities in population sizes and migration rates along the genome to account, respectively, for background selection and selection against introgressed ancestry. To investigate how barriers to gene flow arise in the sea, we compiled studies modelling the demographic history of divergence in marine organisms and extracted preferred demographic scenarios together with estimates of demographic parameters. These studies show that geographical barriers to gene flow do exist in the sea but that divergence can also occur without strict isolation. Heterogeneity of gene flow was detected in most population pairs suggesting the predominance of semipermeable barriers during divergence. We found a weak positive relationship between the fraction of the genome experiencing reduced gene flow and levels of genome‐wide differentiation. Furthermore, we found that the upper bound of the ‘grey zone of speciation’ for our dataset extended beyond that found before, implying that gene flow between diverging taxa is possible at higher levels of divergence than previously thought. Finally, we list recommendations for further strengthening the use of demographic modelling in speciation research. These include a more balanced representation of taxa, more consistent and comprehensive modelling, clear reporting of results and simulation studies to rule out nonbiological explanations for general results.
Outcome of ABO‐incompatible kidney transplantation using a modified desensitization protocol without plasmapheresis
Authors: Shinoda Kazunobu , Hyodo Yoji , Oguchi Hideyo , Mikami Tetuo , Nishikawa Kenta , Sakurabayashi Kei , Yonekura Takashi , Aoki Yujiro , Itabashi Yoshihiro , Muramatsu Masaki , Kawamura Takeshi , Sakai Ken , Shishido Seiichiro 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesSeveral controversies regarding desensitization strategies for successful ABO‐incompatible (ABOi) kidney transplantation still exist. This study aimed to investigate whether pretransplant anti‐A/B antibody removal is mandatory in an ABOi kidney transplant recipient with low baseline isoagglutinin titers.MethodsWe adopted a modified desensitization protocol with two doses of rituximab (RTX, 100 mg/body) without pretransplant antibody removal for ABOi kidney transplant recipients with a titer of ≤1:64 (group A; n = 35) and investigated the feasibility of this protocol by comparing it with the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing standard pretransplant plasmapheresis (group B; n = 21).ResultsThere was no significant difference in the rate of antibody‐mediated rejection within the first month after transplantation between the two groups (11.4% in group A vs. 2% in group B, p = 0.6019). Moreover, no differences were observed in the short‐ and long‐term graft outcomes between the groups. However, two major critical acute antibody‐mediated events occurred in group A; one patient lost the graft due to hyperacute rejection, and the other patient developed thrombotic microangiopathy after surgery. Risk factors predicting these perioperative complications were not identified.ConclusionsWe conclude that not only B‐cell depletion using RTX but also pretransplant antibody removal is still recommended even for patients with low isoagglutinin titers. In addition, a new diagnostic tool is needed for accurate risk stratification.