bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type III Interferons, Viral Loads, Age, and Disease Severity in Young Children With Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Authors: Taveras Jeanette , Garcia-Maurino Cristina , Moore-Clingenpeel Melissa , Xu Zhaohui , Mertz Sara , Ye Fang , Chen Phyl , Cohen Shira H , Cohen Daniel , Peeples Mark E , Ramilo Octavio , Mejias Asuncion 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The interplay among respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) loads, mucosal interferons (IFN), and disease severity in RSV-infected children is poorly understood.

Methods
Children &lt;2 years of age with mild (outpatients) or severe (inpatients) RSV infection and healthy controls were enrolled, and nasopharyngeal samples obtained for RSV loads and innate cytokines quantification. Patients were stratified by age (0–6 and &gt;6–24 months) and multivariable analyses performed to identify predictors of disease severity.

Results
In 2015–2019 we enrolled 219 RSV-infected children (78 outpatients; 141 inpatients) and 34 healthy controls. Type I, II, and III IFN concentrations were higher in children aged &gt;6 versus 0–6 months and, like CXCL10, they were higher in outpatients than inpatients and correlated with RSV loads (P &lt; .05). Higher IL6 concentrations increased the odds of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR], 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–5.36) only in children &gt;6 months, while higher IFN-λ2/3 concentrations had the opposite effect irrespective of age (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, .15–.86). Likewise, higher CXCL10 concentrations decreased the odds of hospitalization (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, .08–.48), oxygen administration (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, .21–.80),PICU admission (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, .20–.73), and prolonged hospitalization (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, .32–.98) irrespective of age.

Conclusions
Children with milder RSV infection and those aged &gt;6 months had higher concentrations of mucosal IFNs, suggesting that maturation of mucosal IFN responses are associated with protection against severe RSV disease.
Evaluation of Biorational Insecticides for Management of Euproctis chrysorrhoea (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)
Authors: Groden Eleanor , Boyd Karla S , Donahue Charlene 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The browntail moth (Euproctis chrysorrhoea L.) is an invasive species which over the past five years, has been undergoing outbreaks on a scale not seen in the northeastern U.S. in over 100 years. Browntail moth larvae feed on and defoliate a number of deciduous tree species, but the health issues caused by contact with the toxic urticating hairs of the overwintered larvae have resulted in very low tolerance for this pest amongst homeowners and land managers. Few recent studies have been conducted to assess management options for browntail moth, which is abundant in ecologically sensitive areas along coastal waters, and around people’s homes. We investigated the potential to manage overwintered larvae with currently available biorational insecticides. Laboratory bioassays revealed susceptibility to Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), Bacillus thuringiesis kurstaki (Berliner), azadirachtin, and spinosad products. A field trial was conducted to assess efficacy of B. bassiana, Btk, and azadirachtin. All treatments reduced the abundance of larvae compared with the control, but only two applications of Btk and single application of a tank mix of B. bassiana and Btk reduced pupal nest abundance. A laboratory experiment revealed that temperature did not affect the feeding and survival of larvae exposed to the field trial foliage from the Btk and the Btk/B. bassiana tank mix treatments, whereas slower feeding rates and increased time to death were observed with the control and B. bassiana alone treatment.
Reference optical turbulence and wind profiles for single conjugate and extreme adaptive optics
Authors: Farley O J D 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a simple method of extracting a small number of reference optical turbulence and wind profiles from a large data set for single conjugate and extreme adaptive optics (AO) simulations. These reference profiles can be used in slow end-to-end AO simulations to represent the variability of the atmosphere. The method is based on the assumption that performance for these systems is correlated with integrated atmospheric parameters r0, θ0, and τ0. Profiles are selected from a large data set that conforms concurrently to the distributions of these parameters, and hence represents the variability of the atmosphere as seen by the AO system. We also extend the equivalent layers method of profile compression to include wind profiles. The method is applied to stereo-SCIDAR data from ESO Paranal to extract five turbulence and wind profiles that cover a broad range in atmospheric variability, and we show using analytical AO simulation that this correlates to the equivalent range of AO-corrected Strehl ratios.
Detection of 125.5-day optical periodic modulation of the neutron star M51 ULX-8
Authors: Allak S 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Studying Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) in the optical wavelengths provides important clues about the accretion mechanisms and the evolutionary processes of X-ray binary systems. In this study, three (C1, C2, and C3) possible optical counterparts were identified for well-known neutron star (NS) candidate M51 ULX-8 through advanced astrometry based on the Chandra and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations, as well as the GAIA optical source catalogue. Optical periodic modulation of 125.5 d with an amplitude of 0.14 mag was determined for C3, which has evidence to represent the optical nature of ULX-8 using one-year (2016–2017) 34 HST Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS)/Wide Field Camera (WFC) observations. Moreover, surprisingly, the observed optical fluxes of C3 exhibit a bi-modal distribution. This could mean that there is a possible correlation between the optical and the X-ray flux variabilities of the ULX-8. The possible scenarios which are frequently mentioned in the literature proposed for the nature of optical emission and optical super-orbital period. The most probable scenario is that the optical emission could have originated from the accretion disc of the ULX-8.
Imprint of primordial gravitational wave with extremely low frequency on gravitational lens system
Authors: Liu Wenshuai 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Primordial gravitational waves with extremely low frequency are expected to origin from inflation in the early Universe. The detection of such kind of gravitational waves is of great significance to verify the inflationary theory and determine the energy scale of inflation. The B mode of polarization of cosmic microwave background shows to be a promising probe of extremely low frequency primordial gravitational wave. In order to find a complementary observational feature induced by primordial gravitational wave with extremely low frequency, we propose an alternative way of detection by investigating the effect of primordial gravitational wave with extremely low frequency on a gravitational lens system with a non-aligned source–deflector–observer configuration. The results show that, with a series of chosen parameters, a gravitational lens system with perturbation from extremely low frequency primordial gravitational wave could induce time delay that could deviate from the time delay deduced from the theoretical model as much as 100 per cent, meaning that a gravitational lens system with a non-aligned configuration could serve as a potential long-baseline detector of extremely low frequency primordial gravitational wave.
Weighting by Gene Tree Uncertainty Improves Accuracy of Quartet-based Species Trees
Authors: Zhang Chao , Mirarab Siavash 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Phylogenomic analyses routinely estimate species trees using methods that account for gene tree discordance. However, the most scalable species tree inference methods, which summarize independently inferred gene trees to obtain a species tree, are sensitive to hard-to-avoid errors introduced in the gene tree estimation step. This dilemma has created much debate on the merits of concatenation versus summary methods and practical obstacles to using summary methods more widely and to the exclusion of concatenation. The most successful attempt at making summary methods resilient to noisy gene trees has been contracting low support branches from the gene trees. Unfortunately, this approach requires arbitrary thresholds and poses new challenges. Here, we introduce threshold-free weighting schemes for the quartet-based species tree inference, the metric used in the popular method ASTRAL. By reducing the impact of quartets with low support or long terminal branches (or both), weighting provides stronger theoretical guarantees and better empirical performance than the unweighted ASTRAL. Our simulations show that weighting improves accuracy across many conditions and reduces the gap with concatenation in conditions with low gene tree discordance and high noise. On empirical data, weighting improves congruence with concatenation and increases support. Together, our results show that weighting, enabled by a new optimization algorithm we introduce, improves the utility of summary methods and can reduce the incongruence often observed across analytical pipelines.
Metal binding and oligomerization properties of FurC (PerR) from Anabaena sp. PCC7120: an additional layer of regulation?
Authors: Sarasa-Buisan Cristina , Emonot Etienne , Martínez-Júlvez Marta , Sevilla Emma , Velázquez-Campoy Adrián , Crouzy Serge , Bes M Teresa , Michaud-Soret Isabelle , Fillat María F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Metal and redox homeostasis in cyanobacteria is tightly controlled to preserve the photosynthetic machinery from mismetallation and minimize cell damage. This control is mainly taken by FUR (ferric uptake regulation) proteins. FurC works as the PerR (peroxide response) paralog in Anabaena sp. PCC7120. Despite its importance, this regulator remained poorly characterized. Although FurC lacks the typical CXXC motifs present in FUR proteins, it contains a tightly bound zinc per subunit. FurC: Zn stoichiometrically binds zinc and manganese in a second site, manganese being more efficient in the binding of FurC: Zn to its DNA target PprxA. Oligomerization analyses of FurC: Zn evidence the occurrence of different aggregates ranging from dimers to octamers. Notably, intermolecular disulfide bonds are not involved in FurC: Zn dimerization, dimer being the most reduced form of the protein. Oligomerization of dimers occurs upon oxidation of thiols by H2O2 or diamide and can be reversed by 1,4-Dithiothreitol (DTT). Irreversible inactivation of the regulator occurs by metal catalyzed oxidation promoted by ferrous iron. However, inactivation upon oxidation with H2O2 in the absence of iron was reverted by addition of DTT. Comparison of models for FurC: Zn dimers and tetramers obtained using AlphaFold Colab and SWISS-MODEL allowed to infer the residues forming both metal-binding sites and to propose the involvement of Cys86 in reversible tetramer formation. Our results decipher the existence of two levels of inactivation of FurC: Zn of Anabaena sp. PCC7120, a reversible one through disulfide-formed FurC: Zn tetramers and the irreversible metal catalyzed oxidation. This additional reversible regulation may be specific of cyanobacteria.
AgeAnno: a knowledgebase of single-cell annotation of aging in human
Authors: Huang Kexin , Gong Hoaran , Guan Jingjing , Zhang Lingxiao , Hu Changbao , Zhao Weiling , Huang Liyu , Zhang Wei , Kim Pora , Zhou Xiaobo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aging is a complex process that accompanied by molecular and cellular alterations. The identification of tissue-/cell type-specific biomarkers of aging and elucidation of the detailed biological mechanisms of aging-related genes at the single-cell level can help to understand the heterogeneous aging process and design targeted anti-aging therapeutics. Here, we built AgeAnno (https://relab.xidian.edu.cn/AgeAnno/#/), a knowledgebase of single cell annotation of aging in human, aiming to provide comprehensive characterizations for aging-related genes across diverse tissue-cell types in human by using single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing data (scRNA and scATAC). The current version of AgeAnno houses 1 678 610 cells from 28 healthy tissue samples with ages ranging from 0 to 110 years. We collected 5580 aging-related genes from previous resources and performed dynamic functional annotations of the cellular context. For the scRNA data, we performed analyses include differential gene expression, gene variation coefficient, cell communication network, transcription factor (TF) regulatory network, and immune cell proportionc. AgeAnno also provides differential chromatin accessibility analysis, motif/TF enrichment and footprint analysis, and co-accessibility peak analysis for scATAC data. AgeAnno will be a unique resource to systematically characterize aging-related genes across diverse tissue-cell types in human, and it could facilitate antiaging and aging-related disease research.
Long noncoding RNAlncMREFpromotes myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration by interacting with the Smarca5/p300 complex
Authors: Lv Wei , Jiang Wei , Luo Hongmei , Tong Qian , Niu Xiaoyu , Liu Xiao , Miao Yang , Wang Jingnan , Guo Yiwen , Li Jianan , Zhan Xizhen , Hou Yunqing , Peng Yaxin , Wang Jian , Zhao Shuhong , Xu Zaiyan , Zuo Bo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the spatial and temporal regulation of muscle development and regeneration. Nevertheless, the determination of their biological functions and mechanisms underlying muscle regeneration remains challenging. Here, we identified a lncRNA named lncMREF (lncRNA muscle regeneration enhancement factor) as a conserved positive regulator of muscle regeneration among mice, pigs and humans. Functional studies demonstrated that lncMREF, which is mainly expressed in differentiated muscle satellite cells, promotes myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration. Mechanistically, lncMREF interacts with Smarca5 to promote chromatin accessibility when muscle satellite cells are activated and start to differentiate, thereby facilitating genomic binding of p300/CBP/H3K27ac to upregulate the expression of myogenic regulators, such as MyoD and cell differentiation. Our results unravel a novel temporal-specific epigenetic regulation during muscle regeneration and reveal that lncMREF/Smarca5-mediated epigenetic programming is responsible for muscle cell differentiation, which provides new insights into the regulatory mechanism of muscle regeneration.
Ethnicity, Politics of Power Sharing, and Nation-Building in Africa
Authors: Otinche Inyokwe Sunday 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Evidence suggests that ethnic identity and ethnic diversity in Africa have empirical relationships with her historical past and colonial experiences. This chapter examines these summative experiences to underscore the role the colonialist played in ethnic-identity formation, classification, and discrimination and the elevation of ethnicity as a political and economic resource for nation-building. The colonialists constructed ethnic identities where none existed and promoted them to a level of political consciousness, leaving behind legacy of political control and domination, as is evident in Rwanda, Kenya, Nigeria, and South Sudan, among African nations. Lessons are drawn from Arendt Lijphart’sthesis on the consociational model of sharing power to explain the relationships between ethnicity and the corresponding power relations that induce ethnic conflicts in Africa. A call is made to African leaders to promote social harmony, equity, fairness, and social justice in governance and national unity.
Maize PPR-E proteins mediate RNA C-to-U editing in mitochondria by recruiting the trans deaminase PCW1
Authors: Wang Yong , Li Hao , Huang Zi-Qin , Ma Bing , Yang Yan-Zhuo , Xiu Zhi-Hui , Wang Le , Tan Bao-Cai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
RNA C-to-U editing in organelles is essential for plant growth and development; however, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we report that pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR)-E subclass proteins carry out RNA C-to-U editing by recruiting the trans deaminase PPR motifs, coiled-coil, and DYW domain-containing protein 1 (PCW1) in maize (Zea mays) mitochondria. Loss-of-function of bZIP and coiled-coil domain-containing PPR 1 (bCCP1) or PCW1 arrests seed development in maize. bCCP1 encodes a bZIP and coiled-coil domain-containing PPR protein, and PCW1 encodes an atypical PPR–DYW protein. bCCP1 is required for editing at 66 sites in mitochondria and PCW1 is required for editing at 102 sites, including the 66 sites that require bCCP1. The PCW1-mediated editing sites are exclusively associated with PPR-E proteins. bCCP1 interacts with PCW1 and the PPR-E protein Empty pericarp7 (EMP7). Two multiple organellar RNA editing factor (MORF) proteins, ZmMORF1 and ZmMORF8, interact with PCW1, EMP7, and bCCP1. ZmMORF8 enhanced the EMP7–PCW1 interaction in a yeast three-hybrid assay. C-to-U editing at the ccmFN-1553 site in maize required EMP7, bCCP1, and PCW1. These results suggest that PPR-E proteins function in RNA editing by recruiting the trans deaminase PCW1 and bCCP1, and MORF1/8 assist this recruitment through protein–protein interactions.
High-Impact Chronic Pain Transition in Lumbar Surgery Recipients
Authors: Cook Chad E , George Steven Z , Lentz Trevor , Park Christine , Shaffrey Christopher I , Goodwin C Rory , Than Khoi D , Gottfried Oren N 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveHigh-impact chronic pain (HICP) is a term that characterizes the presence of a severe and troubling pain-related condition. To date, the prevalence of HICP in lumbar spine surgery recipients and their HICP transitions from before to after surgery are unexplored. The purpose was to define HICP prevalence, transition types, and outcomes in lumbar spine surgery recipients and to identify predictors of HICP outcomes.MethodsIn total, 43,536 lumbar surgery recipients were evaluated for HICP transition. Lumbar spine surgery recipients were categorized as having HICP preoperatively and at 3 months after surgery if they exhibited chronic and severe pain and at least one major activity limitation. Four HICP transition groups (Stable Low Pain, Transition from HICP, Transition to HICP, and Stable High Pain) were categorized and evaluated for outcomes. Multivariate multinomial modeling was used to predict HICP transition categorization.ResultsIn this sample, 15.1% of individuals exhibited HICP preoperatively; this value declined to 5.1% at 3 months after surgery. Those with HICP at baseline and 3 months had more comorbidities and worse overall outcomes. Biological, psychological, and social factors predicted HICP transition or Stable High Pain; some of the strongest involved social factors of 2 or more to transition to HICP (OR = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.21–1.68), and baseline report of pain/disability (OR = 3.84; 95% CI = 3.20–4.61) and psychological comorbidity (OR = 1.78; 95% CI = 1.48–2.12) to Stable Stable High Pain.ConclusionThe percentage of individuals with HICP preoperatively (15.1%) was low, which further diminished over a 3-month period (5.1%). Postoperative HICP groups had higher levels of comorbidities and worse baseline outcomes scores. Transition to and maintenance of HICP status was predicted by biological, psychological, and social factors.
Macroscopic properties of buyer–seller networks in online marketplaces
Authors: Bracci Alberto , Boehnke Jörn , ElBahrawy Abeer , Perra Nicola , Teytelboym Alexander , Baronchelli Andrea 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Online marketplaces are the main engines of legal and illegal e-commerce, yet their empirical properties are poorly understood due to the absence of large-scale data. We analyze two comprehensive datasets containing 245M transactions (16B USD) that took place on online marketplaces between 2010 and 2021, covering 28 dark web marketplaces, i.e. unregulated markets whose main currency is Bitcoin, and 144 product markets of one popular regulated e-commerce platform. We show that transactions in online marketplaces exhibit strikingly similar patterns despite significant differences in language, lifetimes, products, regulation, and technology. Specifically, we find remarkable regularities in the distributions of transaction amounts, number of transactions, interevent times, and time between first and last transactions. We show that buyer behavior is affected by the memory of past interactions and use this insight to propose a model of network formation reproducing our main empirical observations. Our findings have implications for understanding market power on online marketplaces as well as intermarketplace competition, and provide empirical foundation for theoretical economic models of online marketplaces.
Participation Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Nguyen Khang , Macedo Luciana G , Vrkljan Brenda , Kirkwood Renata , Ma Jinhui , Vesnaver Elisabeth , Keller Heather , Astephen-Wilson Janie , Beauchamp Marla K 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
Participation in life situations is a critical aspect of health recognized by the World Health Organization. Guidelines to prevent spreading of COVID-19 place older adults at risk of worsening participation. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with participation during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults living in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Methods
Participants were recruited from identified census dissemination areas in Hamilton. Participants completed surveys either by phone or online during the months of May to August 2020. Measures were organized into factors related to body functions and structures, activities, participation, as well as personal and environmental contextual factors using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework. Multivariable regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with participation as measured by the Late-Life Disability Instrument’s (LLDI) frequency and limitations scales.

Results
A total of 272 older adults completed the survey (78 [7.3] years; 70% female). Use of a walking aid, driving status, perceived mental health status, nutrition risk, and physical function explained 48.2% of the variance observed in the LLDI-frequency scale scores. Use of a walking aid, driving status, perceived mental health status, receiving health assistance, and physical function explained 38.5% of the variance observed in the LLDI-limitation scale scores.

Conclusion
Results highlighted factors across multiple ICF domains that are associated with participation restriction among a sample of community-dwelling older adults during the pandemic. Participation during the pandemic was greatest in those that were able to walk without needing to use a walking aid, being a licensed and current driver, perceiving good to excellent mental health, and having greater physical function.

Impact
Our findings contribute to the literature on older adult participation during lockdowns, restrictions, pandemics, and/or other similar circumstances.