bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography derived metabolic parameters and textural features in pediatric sarcoma
Authors: Aydos Uğuray , Sever Tayyibe , Vural Özge , Topuz Türkcan Büşra , Okur Arzu , Akdemir Ümit Özgür , Poyraz Aylar , Pinarli Faruk Güçlü , Atay Lütfiye Özlem , Karadeniz Ceyda 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of PET-derived metabolic features and textural parameters of primary tumors in pediatric sarcoma patients.

Methods
The imaging findings of 43 patients (14 girls and 29 boys; age 11.4 ± 4.4 years) who underwent 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography for primary staging prior to therapy between 2005 and 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. The diagnoses were osteosarcoma in 10, rhabdomyosarcoma in 10, and Ewing sarcoma in 23 patients. PET metabolic data and textural features of primary tumors were obtained. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify predictors for progression-free survival and overall survival. Survival curves were estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results
Distant metastases were detected in primary staging in 13 patients (30.2%). The median follow-up duration after diagnosis was 28 months (range: 10–171 months). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, the presence of distant metastasis and neighborhood grey-level difference matrix_Contrast (ngldm_Contrast) were found as independent predictors for both progression-free survival and overall survival. Grey-level zone length matrix_Zone-length nonuniformity (glzlm_ZLNU) was also found as an independent predictor for overall survival. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that higher ngldm_Contrast and glzlm_ZLNU values of primary tumors were significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival and overall survival.

Conclusion
In addition to the presence of distant metastasis at initial diagnosis, textural features of primary tumors may be used as prognostic biomarkers to identify patients with worse prognosis in pediatric sarcoma. Higher tumor heterogeneity is significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival and OS.
Management of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes in the Late Preterm Period
Authors: Freeman Sarah W. , Denoble Annalies , Kuller Jeffrey A. , Ellestad Sarah , Dotters-Katz Sarah 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Importance
For patients who present with prelabor rupture of membrane (PROM) in the late preterm period (34 to 36 6/7 weeks), management remains unclear due to lack of consensus. However, recent guidelines have suggested that shared decision-making may be used and expectant management can be considered up to 37 0/7 weeks.

Objective
In this article, we review the contemporary studies comparing the risks and benefits of immediate delivery versus expectant management for patients with late preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM).

Evidence Acquisition
Original research articles, review articles, and guidelines on management of late PPROM.

Results
Three randomized clinical trials and 2 meta-analyses comparing expectant management and immediate delivery outcomes in late PPROM showed no significant difference in neonatal sepsis rates between groups. Expectant management increased the likelihood that pregnancies reached term while decreasing the rate of cesarean delivery. However, data suggest an increased risk of antepartum hemorrhage among patients in the expectant management groups, as well as higher rates of histologic chorioamnionitis.

Conclusions and Relevance
We recommend that clinicians offer expectant management as an alternative to immediate delivery in the setting of late PPROM through a shared decision-making process that clearly outlines the risks and benefits.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians.

Learning Objectives
After participating in this activity, the provider should be better able to summarize current evidence regarding fetal, maternal, and obstetric outcomes between immediate delivery and expectant management of patients with PPROM in the late preterm period; describe clinical evaluation of women who present with PPROM in the late preterm period; and plan adequate counseling on the risk and benefits of immediate delivery or expectant management to women who present with PPROM in the later preterm period.
Clinical and Patient Reported Outcomes Pre- and Postsurgical Treatment of Symptomatic Uterine Leiomyomas: A12-Month Follow-up Review of TRUST, a Surgical Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Laparoscopic Radiofrequency Ablation (LAP-RFA) and Myomectomy
Authors: Yu Steve , Bhagavath Bala , Shobeiri S. Abbas , Eisenstein David , Levy Barbara 
Published: May 2022

(Abstracted from J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022; doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.01.009)
Uterine leiomyomas (ULs) affect a large population of women in the United States. Despite the high incidence of women with symptomatic ULs, the number of surgical procedures performed annually is fewer than 250,000.
Interpersonal Violence and Painful Bladder Symptoms in Community-Dwelling Midlife to Older Women
Authors: Raphael Eva , Van Den Eeden Stephen K. , Gibson Carolyn J. , Tonner Chris , Thom David H. , Subak Leslee , Huang Alison J. 
Published: May 2022

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022;226:230.e1–230.e11)
The chronic pain, pressure, and discomfort associated with the bladder pain syndrome (BPS) have a major impact on a woman’s quality of life. Bladder pain syndrome is one of the most common reasons for invasive urological or gynecological procedures.
Association Between the Physician Quality Score in the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System and Hospital Performance in Hospital Compare in the First Year of the Program
Authors: Glance Laurent G. , Thirukumaran Caroline P. , Feng Changyong , Lustik Stewart J. , Dick Andrew W. 
Published: May 2022

(Abstracted from JAMA Network Open 2021;4(8):e2118449)
In an effort to deliver better patient outcomes at a lower cost, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) mandates eligible clinicians to participate in either the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) or Advanced Alternative Payment Models. Physicians or physician groups being evaluated through MIPS can receive a maximum of 60 points for quality, composed of 6 measurement categories that they may select.
Changes in Delivery Timing for High-Risk Pregnancies in the United States
Authors: Little Sarah E. , Robinson Julian N. , Zera Chloe A. 
Published: May 2022

(Abstracted from Am J Perinatol 2021;38:1373–1379)
Awareness of increased morbidity in neonates born at 34 to 37 weeks' gestation (late preterm) and 37 to 39 weeks' gestation (early term), compared with those born at ≥39 weeks' gestation, has grown over the past decade. As a result, efforts have been put in place in hospitals and at state and national levels to reduce deliveries at <39 weeks of gestation that are not medically indicated.
Factors Affecting Nonurgent Pediatric Emergency Department Visits and Parental Emergency Overestimation
Authors: Pehlivanturk-Kizilkan Melis , Ozsezen Beste , Batu Ezgi Deniz 
Published: May 2022

Objectives
Understanding the factors causing nonurgent visits to the pediatric emergency departments (PED) is essential for developing effective interventions. Sociodemographic factors might have a direct effect, or they might be associated with other potential causal factors such as access, perceived severity, and convenience. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the factors that might have an effect on nonurgent PED visits and parental overestimation of emergency severity.

Methods
Data of a total of 974 patients who have been administered to the PED of a district state hospital were collected with a cross-sectional, self-administered survey. Level 5 was accepted as nonurgent cases according to the Pediatric Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale. Parents' assessment of their child's emergency status was assessed along with the age and sex of the child, the number of children, presence of a chronic illness, presence of fever, admission time, parental age, education status and occupation, transportation method, and living distance to emergency department.

Results
Sixty-eight percent of visits were nonurgent. Among these visits, 51.6% were perceived as urgent, and 11.5% as extremely urgent by the parents. We identified that infancy age group (P = 0.001), father's unemployment status (P = 0.038), presence of a chronic disease (P = 0.020), and a previous visit to the PED in the last week (P = 0.008) are associated with urgent visits. Having a fever (P = 0.002), younger mother (P = 0.046) and father age (P = 0.007), mother not having an income (P = 0.034), and father's lower level of education (P = 0.036) increased the likelihood of overestimating the emergency severity.

Conclusions
Nonurgent visits constitute most of the PED admissions. Several factors were found to be associated with nonurgent visits either by causing a direct effect or by indirectly impacting the perceived severity. Health literacy–based interventions targeting common symptoms like fever and especially younger parent groups might be beneficial in lowering the patient burden of PEDs.
ACR-ACNM-ASTRO-SNMMI Practice Parameter for Lutetium-177 (Lu-177) DOTATATE Therapy
Authors: Love Charito , Desai Neil B. , Abraham Tony , Banks Kevin P. , Bodei Lisa , Boike Thomas , Brown Richard K. J. , Bushnell David L. , DeBlanche Lorraine E. , Dominello Michael M. , Francis Tony , Grady Erin C. , Hobbs Robert F. , Hope Thomas A. , Kempf Jeffrey S. , Pryma Daniel A. , Rule William , Savir-Baruch Bital , Sethi Ila , Subramaniam Rathan M. , Xiao Ying , Schechter Naomi R. 
Published: May 2022

Objectives
This practice parameter (PP) for Lutetium-177 (Lu-177) DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) aims to guide authorized users in selection of appropriate adult candidates with gastroeneropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) from foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The essential selection criteria include somatostatin receptor-positive GEP-NETs, which are usually inoperable and progressed despite standard therapy. Lu-177 DOTATATE is a radiopharmaceutical with high avidity for somatostatin receptors that are overexpressed by these tumors. This document ensures safe handling of Lu-177 DOTATATE by the authorized users and safe management of affected patients.

Methods
The document was developed according to the systematic process developed by the American College of Radiology (ACR) and described on the ACR Web site (https://www.acr.org/Clinical-Resources/Practice-Parameters-and-Technical-Standards). The PP development was led by 2 ACR Committees on Practice Parameters (Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging and Radiation Oncology) collaboratively with the American College of Nuclear Medicine, American Society of Radiation Oncology, and Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.

Results
The Lu-177 DOTATATE PP reviewed pharmacology, indications, adverse effects, personnel qualifications, and required clinical evaluation before starting the treatment, as well as the recommended posttherapy monitoring, quality assurance, documentation, and appropriate radiation safety instructions provided in written form and explained to the patients.

Conclusions
Lu-177 DOTATATE is available for therapy of inoperable and/or advanced GEP-NETs when conventional therapy had failed. It can reduce tumor size, improve symptoms, and increase the progression free survival. The PP document provides clinical guidance for authorized users to assure an appropriate, consistent, and safe practice of Lu-177 DOTATATE.
BNT–15: Revised Performance Validity Cutoffs and Proposed Clinical Classification Ranges
Authors: Abeare Kaitlyn , Cutler Laura , An Kelly Y. , Razvi Parveen , Holcomb Matthew , Erdodi Laszlo A. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Abbreviated neurocognitive tests offer a practical alternative to full-length versions but often lack clear interpretive guidelines, thereby limiting their clinical utility.

Objective:
To replicate validity cutoffs for the Boston Naming Test—Short Form (BNT–15) and to introduce a clinical classification system for the BNT–15 as a measure of object-naming skills.

Method:
We collected data from 43 university students and 46 clinical patients. Classification accuracy was computed against psychometrically defined criterion groups. Clinical classification ranges were developed using a z-score transformation.

Results:
Previously suggested validity cutoffs (≤11 and ≤12) produced comparable classification accuracy among the university students. However, a more conservative cutoff (≤10) was needed with the clinical patients to contain the false-positive rate (0.20–0.38 sensitivity at 0.92–0.96 specificity). As a measure of cognitive ability, a perfect BNT–15 score suggests above average performance; ≤11 suggests clinically significant deficits. Demographically adjusted prorated BNT–15 T-scores correlated strongly (0.86) with the newly developed z-scores.

Conclusion:
Given its brevity (<5 minutes), ease of administration and scoring, the BNT–15 can function as a useful and cost-effective screening measure for both object-naming/English proficiency and performance validity. The proposed clinical classification ranges provide useful guidelines for practitioners.
An efficient multiscale bi-directional PBM-DEM coupling framework to simulate one-dimensional aggregation mechanisms
Authors: Das Ashok , De Tarun , Kaur Gurmeet , Dosta Maksym , Heinrich Stefan , Kumar Jitendra 
Published: May 2022

The mesoscale population balance modelling (PBM) technique is widely used in predicting aggregation processes. The accuracy and efficiency of PBM depend on the formulation of its kernels. A model of the volume- and time-dependent one-dimensional aggregation kernel is developed for predicting the temporal evolution of the considered particulate system. To make the developed model physically relevant, the PBM model needs three unknown parameters as input: volume-dependency in collisions, collision frequency per particle and aggregation probability. For this, the microscale discrete element model (DEM) is used. The system’s collision frequency is extracted periodically using a novel collision detection algorithm that detects and ignores duplicate collisions.
Finally, a multiscale bi-directional PBM–DEM coupling framework is presented to simulate the aggregation mechanism. PBM and DEM simulations take place periodically to update the particle size distribution (PSD) and extract the collision-frequency, respectively. The coupling framework successfully explains the dependence between the PSD and the collision frequency. Additionally, computational cost of the algorithm is optimized while maintaining the accuracy of the results. Lastly, the accuracy and efficiency of the developed framework are verified using two different test cases. In one of the examples, a simple aggregation is simulated directly inside the DEM for the first time.
A unified framework for perceived magnitude and dicriminability of sensory stimuli
Authors: Zhou Jingyang , Duong Lyndon R. , Simoncelli Eero P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe perception of sensory attributes is often quantified through measurements of sensitivity (the ability to detect small stimulus changes), as well as through direct judgements of appearance or intensity. Despite their ubiquity, the relationship between these two measurements remains controversial and unresolved. Here, we propose a framework in which they arise from different aspects of a common representation. Specifically, we assume that judgements of stimulus intensity (e.g., as measured through rating scales) reflect the mean value of an internal representation, and sensitivity reflects a combination of mean value and noise properties, as quantified by the statistical measure of Fisher Information. Unique identification of these internal representation properties can be achieved by combining measurements of sensitivity and judgments of intensity. As a central example, we show that Weber’s law of perceptual sensitivity can co-exist with Stevens’ power-law scaling of intensity ratings (for all exponents), when the noise amplitude increases in proportion to the representational mean. We then extend this result beyond the Weber’s law range by incorporating a more general and physiology-inspired form of noise, and show that the combination of noise properties and sensitivity measurements accurately predicts intensity ratings across a variety of sensory modalities and attributes. Our framework unifies two primary perceptual measurements – thresholds for sensitivity and rating scales for intensity – and provides a neural interpretation for the underlying representation.Significance StatementPerceptual measurements of sensitivity to stimulus changes and stimulus appearance (intensity) are ubiquitous in the study of perception. However, the relationship between these two seemingly disparate measurements remains unclear. Proposals for unification have been made for over 60 years, but they generally lack support from perceptual or physiological measurements. Here, we provide a framework that offers a unified interpretation of perceptual sensitivity and intensity measurements, and we demonstrate its consistency with experimental measurements across multiple perceptual domains.
Validation of the Tea Bag Index as a standard approach for assessing organic matter decomposition
Authors: Mori Taiki 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThe Tea Bag Index (TBI), a novel approach to assessing organic matter decomposition using commercial tea bags, has been increasingly utilized as a standard method in academic studies worldwide. This approach was designed to obtain an early-stage decomposition constant (k) indicative of early-stage decomposition rates and a litter stabilization factor (S) indicative of long-term carbon stability by using two types of teas—green and rooibos. However, despite the worldwide usage of the method, the accuracy of this approach has never been validated in terrestrial ecosystems. Here, the validity of this approach was tested by examining the two essential premises of the TBI using a laboratory incubation experiment. The first premise of the TBI—namely, that the unstabilized hydrolyzable fraction of green tea is mostly decomposed within 90 days—did not hold in the present study, which caused overestimations of the S of rooibos tea, as well as k. The second premise—namely, that the ratio of stabilized to total hydrolyzable fractions (i.e., S) of rooibos tea is equal to that of green tea—was also rejected, which resulted in substantial underestimations of the S of rooibos tea and k. Overall, the TBI largely underestimated the S of rooibos tea and k (more than 1.5 and 5 times smaller than those determined by time-series data, respectively). The present study suggests that time-series mass loss data of rooibos tea should be obtained to accurately determine k, rather than assuming that the S of rooibos tea is equal to that of green tea.
Computer simulations reveal pathogenicity and inheritance modes of hearing loss-causing germinal variants
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Yu , Lu Ying-Chang , Chan Yen-Hui , Chang Yuan-Yu , Lin Shu-Wha , Liu Tien-Chen , Hsu Chuan-Jen , Chen Pei-Lung , Yang Lee-Wei , Wu Chen-Chi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVariants in the gap junction beta-2 (GJB2) gene are the most common cause of hereditary hearing impairment. However, howGJB2variants lead to local physicochemical and structural changes in the hexameric ion channels of connexin 26 (Cx26), resulting in hearing impairment, remains elusive. In the present study, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we showed that detached inner-wall N-terminal “plugs” aggregated to reduce the channel ion flow in a highly prevalent V37I variant in humans. To examine the predictability of the computational platform, an artificial mutant, V37M, of which the effect was previously unknown in hearing loss, was created. Microsecond simulations showed that homomeric V37M Cx26 hemichannels had an abnormal affinity between the inner edge and N-termini to block the narrower side of the cone-shaped Cx26, while the most stable heteromeric channels did not. Consistent with these predictions, homozygous V37M transgenic mice exhibited apparent hearing loss, but not their heterozygous counterparts, indicating a recessive inheritance mode. Reduced channel conductivity was found inGjb2V37M/V37Mouter sulcus cells and Claudius cells but not inGjb2WT/WTcells. We view that the current computational platform could serve as an assessment tool for the pathogenesis and inheritance ofGJB2-related hearing impairments and other diseases caused by connexin dysfunction.
Profiling RNA at chromatin targets in situ by antibody-targeted tagmentation
Authors: Khyzha Nadiya , Henikoff Steven , Ahmad Kami 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhereas techniques to map chromatin-bound proteins are well-developed, mapping chromatin-associated RNAs remains a challenge. Here we describe Reverse Transcribe & Tagment (RT&Tag), in which RNAs associated with a chromatin epitope are targeted by an antibody followed by a protein A-Tn5 transposome. Localized reverse transcription generates RNA/cDNA hybrids that are subsequently tag-mented for sequencing by Tn5. We demonstrate the utility of RT&Tag in Drosophila cells for capturing the noncoding RNA roX2 with the dosage compensation complex and maturing transcripts associated with silencing histone modifications. We also show that RT&Tag can detect N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified mRNAs, and show that genes producing methylated transcripts are characterized by extensive promoter pausing of RNA polymerase II. The high efficiency of in situ antibody tethering and tagmentation makes RT&Tag especially suitable for rapid low-cost profiling of chromatin-associated RNAs from small samples.
Learning of new associations invokes a major change in modulations of cortical beta oscillations in human adults
Authors: Pavlova Anna , Tyulenev Nikita , Tretyakova Vera , Skavronskaya Valeriya , Nikolaeva Anastasia , Prokofyev Andrey , Stroganova Tatiana , Chernyshev Boris 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLarge-scale cortical beta (β) oscillations have been implicated in the learning processes but their exact role is debated. We explored the dynamics of β-oscillations while 25 adult participants learned, through trial and error, novel associations between four auditory pseudowords and movements of four body extremities. We used MEG to evaluate learninginduced changes in beta modulation accompanying cue-triggered movements.Our findings showed that spatial-temporal characteristics of movement-related β-oscillations underwent a major transition as learning proceeded. Early in learning, suppression of β-power in multiple cortical areas occurred long before movement initiation and sustained throughout the whole behavioral trial. As learning advanced and task performance reached asymptote, βsuppression was replaced by a widespread and prolonged rise in β-power. The β-power rise started shortly after the initiation of correct motor response and mainly comprised the prefrontal and medial temporal regions of the left hemisphere. This post-decision β-power predicted trial-by-trial response times (RT) at both stages of learning (before and after the rules become familiar) but in opposite ways. When a subject started to acquire associative rules and gradually improved task performance, a decrease in RT was correlated with the increase in the post-decision β-band power. Repeatedly correct implementation of the learned rules reversed this correlation in the opposite direction with faster (more confident) responses associated with the weaker post-decision β-band synchronization.Our findings suggest that maximal beta activity is pertinent to a distinct stage of learning and may serve to strengthen the newly learned association in a distributed memory network.