bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New opioid use and risk of opioid-related adverse events among adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Guan Qi , Men Siyu , Lunsky Yona , Juurlink David N. , Bronskill Susan E. , Wunsch Hannah , Gomes Tara 
Published: November 2022

Background
Individuals with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) can have a high prevalence of pain, which can be managed with prescription opioids. However, the prevalence of substance use disorder is also high in this population, raising concern about opioid-related adverse events.

Aims
To assess the risk of opioid-related adverse events following opioid initiation among adults with versus without IDD.

Method
We conducted a population-based, propensity score matched cohort study on all adults starting prescription opioid therapy in Ontario, Canada, between January 2013 and December 2018. The outcomes of interest were opioid toxicity, new opioid use disorder (OUD) diagnosis and dose escalation (≥90 mg morphine or equivalent) in the year after opioid initiation. We used Cox proportional hazards models to assess the association between IDD diagnosis and each outcome.

Results
The hazards of opioid toxicity and OUD were significantly higher in those with IDD compared with those without IDD in unmatched analyses (opioid toxicity hazard ratio 3.19, 95% CI 2.81–5.18; OUD hazard ratio 2.36, 95% CI 2.10–2.65), whereas the hazard of dose escalation was significantly lower (hazard ratio 0.76, 95% CI 0.66–0.88). Findings were no longer significant in propensity score matched models for opioid toxicity and dose escalation, whereas the hazard of OUD diagnosis was attenuated substantially in those with IDD (hazard ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.68–0.91).

Conclusions
IDD diagnosis is not a driver of opioid-related harm. The increased risk we observed is likely driven by various risk factors often present in this population.
State Variation in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anus Incidence and Mortality, and Association With HIV/AIDS and Smoking in the United States
Authors: Damgacioglu Haluk , Lin Yueh-Yun , Ortiz Ana Patricia , Wu Chi-Fang , Shahmoradi Zahed , Shyu Shiang Shiuan , Li Ruosha , Nyitray Alan G. , Sigel Keith , Clifford Gary M. , Jay Naomi , Lopez Vivian Colon , Barnell Gregory M. , Chiao Elizabeth Y. , Stier Elizabeth A. , Ortiz-Ortiz Karen J. , Ramos-Cartagena Jeslie M. , Sonawane Kalyani , Deshmukh Ashish A. 
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) incidence and mortality rates are rising in the United States. Understanding state-level incidence and mortality patterns and associations with smoking and AIDS prevalence (key risk factors) could help unravel disparities and provide etiologic clues. METHODS Using the US Cancer Statistics and the National Center for Health Statistics data sets, we estimated state-level SCCA incidence and mortality rates. Rate ratios (RRs) were calculated to compare incidence and mortality in 2014-2018 versus 2001-2005. The correlations between SCCA incidence with current smoking (from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System) and AIDS (from the HIV Surveillance system) prevalence were evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS Nationally, SCCA incidence and mortality rates (per 100,000) increased among men (incidence, 2.29-3.36, mortality, 0.46-0.74) and women (incidence, 3.88-6.30, mortality, 0.65-1.02) age ≥ 50 years, but decreased among men age < 50 years and were stable among similar-aged women. In state-level analysis, a marked increase in incidence (≥ 1.5-fold for men and ≥ two-fold for women) and mortality (≥ two-fold) for persons age ≥ 50 years was largely concentrated in the Midwestern and Southeastern states. State-level SCCA incidence rates in recent years (2014-2018) among men were correlated ( r = 0.47, P < .001) with state-level AIDS prevalence patterns. For women, a correlation was observed between state-level SCCA incidence rates and smoking prevalence ( r = 0.49, P < .001). CONCLUSION During 2001-2005 to 2014-2018, SCCA incidence and mortality nearly doubled among men and women age ≥ 50 years living in Midwest and Southeast. State variation in AIDS and smoking patterns may explain variation in SCCA incidence. Improved and targeted prevention is needed to combat the rise in SCCA incidence and mitigate magnifying geographic disparities. [Media: see text]
Theorizing the Afropolitan Past and Present
Authors: Carrasquillo Rosa , Pappademos Melina , Semley Lorelle 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe term Afropolitan—evoking the image of mobility, cultural production, and consumerism in Africa and the African diaspora—has enjoyed some salience in popular culture. However, much of the scholarly debate has focused on the elitism associated with the concept. Linked initially to short reflective pieces by Taiye Selasi in 2005 and Achille Mbembe in 2007, Afropolitanism has rarely been analyzed in historical contexts. The contributors engage the concept of the Afropolitan across a broad time and space that spans the fourteenth to twenty-first centuries and locates the Afropolitan in Africa, the Americas, Europe, and Asia. This introduction analyzes their written and photographic essays along three themes: visual culture, narrativity, and intersectionality, recognizing that their work also pushes against and expands on these frameworks. By engaging with the Afropolitan as a historical phenomenon, the issue highlights new methods and theories for analyzing global diasporas—past, present, and future.
Blackness out of Place
Authors: Marcos Patrícia Martins 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article explores how historical narratives and aesthetic models configuring Portuguese imperial visuality produced the absented presence of Africa and its diasporas. Despite centuries of interconnected histories of colonial domination and enslavement, but also marronage and resistance, Black subjecthood was reduced in Portugal to a “foreign” presence. These silences ossify a regime of imperial visuality premised on the hegemonic overrepresentation of white masculinity—rendered through depictions of “navigators” as paragons of historical agency. Through the analytic countervisual quilombismo, this essay confronts such elisions by engaging with Achille Mbembe’s Afropolitan call to “produce new images for thought.” Focus on countervisual maroon (quilombismo) methods of refusal and fugitivity reveals the enactment of Black sovereignty and affirms Blackness as being. By affirming Black life and autonomy, diasporic artists, performers, and everyday people interrupt colonial frames, refusing the ethnographic reduction of Blackness to a body and its classificatory markers, thus revealing possibilities for different pasts, presents, and futures.
A Needle in the Desert
Authors: Mediavilla Héctor 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In his photo essay A Needle in the Desert, photographer Héctor Mediavilla poses the question: “Can fashion be a vector for development in a poor country?” Documenting FIMA (the International Fashion Festival in Africa), his work captures the environment, planning, and staging of the festival, focusing specifically on the relationship between people and place.
Variation in Public Support for Government Action on Unexpected Medical Bills
Authors: McCabe Katherine T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Context: Nearly half of the adults in the United States have received an unexpected medical bill in recent years. While government, provider, and insurance policies related to unexpected medical expenses receive attention in the media, this study focuses on variation in public support.
Methods: The study employs two multifactor survey vignette experiments to detect how different features of common health care scenarios that result in costly medical expenses influence the public's sympathy for the patient, perceived fairness of the medical costs, and demand for government action.
Findings: The results point to out-of-pocket cost, severity of the treatment, and the patient's insurance situation as important for public opinion. The public is significantly more supportive of government action when the costs are high and out of the patient's control; in contrast, respondents are generally less sympathetic toward patients described as uninsured or who seek out more costly providers.
Conclusions: The findings underscore the sensitivity of health care attitudes to framing effects, which may occur when media choose how to cover health care costs. The results also point to a potential mismatch in legislation that narrowly addresses “surprise billing,” with public support for government addressing disproportionate costs across a broader range of scenarios.
Transposon control as a checkpoint for tissue regeneration
Authors: Angileri Krista M. , Bagia Nornubari A. , Feschotte Cedric 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Tissue regeneration requires precise temporal control of cellular processes such as inflammatory signaling, chromatin remodeling and proliferation. The combination of these processes forms a unique microenvironment permissive to the expression, and potential mobilization of, transposable elements (TEs). Here, we develop the hypothesis that TE activation creates a barrier to tissue repair that must be overcome to achieve successful regeneration. We discuss how uncontrolled TE activity may impede tissue restoration and review mechanisms by which TE activity may be controlled during regeneration. We posit that the diversification and co-evolution of TEs and host control mechanisms may contribute to the wide variation in regenerative competency across tissues and species.
Fine-tuning of mTOR signaling by the UBE4B-KLHL22 E3 ubiquitin ligase cascade in brain development
Authors: Kong Xiangxing , Shu Xin , Wang Jiachuan , Liu Dandan , Ni Yingchun , Zhao Weiqi , Wang Lebo , Gao Zhihua , Chen Jiadong , Yang Bing , Guo Xing , Wang Zhiping 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Spatiotemporal regulation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is pivotal for establishment of brain architecture. Dysregulation of mTOR signaling is associated with a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we demonstrate that the UBE4B-KLHL22 E3 ubiquitin ligase cascade regulates mTOR activity in neurodevelopment. In a mouse model with UBE4B conditionally deleted in the nervous system, animals display severe growth defects, spontaneous seizures and premature death. Loss of UBE4B in the brains of mutant mice results in depletion of neural precursor cells and impairment of neurogenesis. Mechanistically, UBE4B polyubiquitylates and degrades KLHL22, an E3 ligase previously shown to degrade the GATOR1 component DEPDC5. Deletion of UBE4B causes upregulation of KLHL22 and hyperactivation of mTOR, leading to defective proliferation and differentiation of neural precursor cells. Suppression of KLHL22 expression reverses the elevated activity of mTOR caused by acute local deletion of UBE4B. Prenatal treatment with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin rescues neurogenesis defects in Ube4b mutant mice. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that UBE4B and KLHL22 are essential for maintenance and differentiation of the precursor pool through fine-tuning of mTOR activity.
Growth kinetics of multiple Acinetobacter baumannii resistotype after meropenem-based antibiotic combination exposure
Authors: Rivani Erizka , Endraswari Pepy Dwi , Widodo Agung Dwi Wahyu 
Published: November 2022

Background: Carbapenems are the treatment of choice for multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii infections, but the emergence of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) has rendered it ineffective in the vast majority of cases. Combination therapy has grown in popularity over the last decade; this study aims to analyze A.baumannii growth kinetics after exposure to meropenem and ampicillin-sulbactam compared with meropenem and amikacin antibiotic combinations in clinically relevant concentrations. Methods: This experimental laboratory study was conducted on the A. baumannii ATCC 19606 isolate and three clinical isolates that were intermediate or resistant to tested antibiotics. Meropenem and ampicillin-sulbactam, as well as meropenem and amikacin, were tested at four different concentrations against isolates. Turbidity measurements were taken at predetermined time points of 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours following exposure; bacterial concentration was enumerated using the agar plate method, with the results plotted in a time-kill curve.  Results: A bactericidal effect was achieved in isolates that were intermediate to ampicillin-sulbactam and resistant to meropenem after the administration of meropenem and ampicillin-sulbactam combination with a concentration of 4 µg/ml and 16/8 µg/ml, respectively. The combination of meropenem and ampicillin-sulbactam demonstrated bacteriostatic activity against isolates that were resistant to both antibiotics. Isolates treated with resistant antibiotics showed an increased growth rate compared to the growth control. Conclusion: The combination of meropenem and ampicillin-sulbactam could be a promising combination therapy in treating CRAB infections. The mechanism and degree of antibiotic resistance in the isolates affect the efficacy of antibiotic combinations; further research is needed to corroborate the findings of this study.
Increased KL-6 levels in moderate to severe COVID-19 infection
Authors: Cambier Maureen , Henket Monique , Frix Anne Noelle , Gofflot Stéphanie , Thys Marie , Tomasetti Sara , Peired Anna , Struman Ingrid , Rousseau Anne-Françoise , Misset Benoît , Darcis Gilles , Moutschen Michel , Louis Renaud , Njock Makon-Sébastien , Cavalier Etienne , Guiot Julien 
Published: November 2022

Background
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has presented significant challenges and created concerns worldwide. Besides, patients who have experienced a SARS-CoV-2 infection could present post-viral complications that can ultimately lead to pulmonary fibrosis. Serum levels of Krebs von den Lungen 6 (KL-6), high molecular weight human MUC1 mucin, are increased in the most patients with various interstitial lung damage. Since its production is raised during epithelial damages, KL-6 could be a helpful non-invasive marker to monitor COVID-19 infection and predict post-infection sequelae.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated KL-6 levels of 222 COVID-19 infected patients and 70 healthy control. Serum KL-6, fibrinogen, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), platelet-lymphocytes ratio (PLR) levels and other biological parameters were analyzed. This retrospective study also characterized the relationships between serum KL-6 levels and pulmonary function variables.

Results
Our results showed that serum KL-6 levels in COVID-19 patients were increased compared to healthy subjects (470 U/ml vs 254 U/ml, P <0.00001). ROC curve analysis enabled us to identify that KL-6 > 453.5 U/ml was associated with COVID-19 (AUC = 0.8415, P < 0.0001). KL-6 level was positively correlated with other indicators of disease severity such as fibrinogen level (r = 0.1475, P = 0.0287), LDH level (r = 0,31, P = 0,004) and PLR level (r = 0.23, P = 0.0005). However, KL-6 levels were not correlated with pulmonary function tests (r = 0.04, P = 0.69).

Conclusions
KL-6 expression was correlated with several disease severity indicators. However, the association between mortality and long-term follow-up outcomes needs further investigation. More extensive trials are required to prove that KL-6 could be a marker of disease severity in COVID-19 infection.
Fathers involvement in child feeding and its associated factors among fathers having children aged 6 to 24 months in Antsokia Gemza Woreda, Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Bogale Solomon Ketema , Cherie Niguss , Bogale Eyob Ketema 
Published: November 2022

Background
Father Involvement is exercising positive influences on child feeding. Mothers are usually the primary caregivers for young children. The role of fathers in the proper child feeding of young children has not been a frequent topic of study. Past research has found low rates and little is known about fathers’ involvement in child feeding for children 6–23 months in Ethiopia. The aim of this study is to assess fathers’ involvement in child feeding children aged 6–24 Months.

Objectives
To assess fathers’ involvement in child feeding and associated factors among fathers having children aged 6 to 24 months.

Methodology
A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from Jan 23/2022 to April 07/2022. A systematic random sampling technique was applied to select study participants. A total of 408 respondents participated in the study. Data was entered into EPI data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used for analysis.

Result
Father’s involvement in child feeding was 43.1%. Factors that were significantly associated with good fathers involvement in child feeding include urban residence(AOR = 3.878, 95% CI = (1.408–10.678), male sex of the youngest child(AOR = 3.681, 95% CI = (1.678–8.075)), first birth order of the youngest child(AOR = 3.970, 95% CI = (1.212–13.005)), Better(secondary and higher) educational status (AOR = 4.945,95% CI = (1.043–23.454)) and AOR = 5.151, 95% CI = (1.122–23.651)), having ever heard information(AOR = 8.593, 95% CI = (3.044–24.261)), good knowledge (AOR = 3.843,95% CI = (1.318–11.210)), positive attitude (AOR = 8.565, 95% CI = (3.521–20.837)) and good culture (AOR = 10.582,95% CI = (2.818–39.734)).

Conclusions
Father involvement in child feeding was poor in Antsokia Gemza Woreda. Urban residences, male sex of the youngest child, first birth order of the youngest child, better (secondary and higher) educational status, having ever heard information, good knowledge, positive attitude, and good culture were significantly associated with fathers’ involvement in child feeding. Health information dissemination on father involvement in child feeding should be strengthened.
Mental health service utilization in a low resource setting: A qualitative study on perspectives of health professionals in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonen Tesfa , Chan Gary C. K. , Belete Tilahun , Menberu Melak , Davidson Lily , Hides Leanne , Leung Janni 
Published: November 2022

Background
Mental health services are advocated to move from specialized care to more integrated and accessible primary care settings. The integration of mental health into primary health services is expanding in Ethiopia. However, there is a lack of research on the perspectives of health professionals on mental health services in Ethiopia. This study aimed to explore the perspectives, views, and experiences of health professionals regarding mental health services and the help-seeking behavior of people with mental illness in Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
This qualitative study included sixteen health professionals. The participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviews were conducted in Amharic and translated into English. We analyzed the data using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
Five key themes were generated from the interview data: (1) Avoidance of mental healthcare; (2) Low literacy about mental illness; (3) Stigma as a hindrance to accessing mental health services; (4) The role of culture and religion in mental health services; and (5) Lack of government concern about mental health services.

Conclusion
This study identified important factors related to mental health services in Northwest Ethiopia, from the perspectives of health professionals. Our findings highlighted that the government health agenda needs to prioritize mental health services. The role of religious and cultural healing places in the help-seeking pathway should be given due consideration to ensure success in mental health services provision and utilization.
Central nervous system hemangioblastomas in von Hippel-Lindau disease: Total growth rate and risk of developing new lesions not associated with circulating VEGF levels
Authors: Sundblom Jimmy , Skare Tor Persson , Holm Olivia , Welin Staffan , Braun Madelene , Nilsson Pelle , Enblad Per , Sjöström Elisabet Ohlin , Smits Anja 
Published: November 2022

Background
Hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system are a prominent feature of von Hippel-Lindau-disease (vHL). Hemangioblastomas are known to secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), suggesting a potential role of VEGF as a biomarker for tumor growth.

Methods
Plasma VEGF samples from 24 patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease were analyzed by solid-phase proximity ligation assay (PLA). Levels were monitored over time together with numeric and volumetric CNS tumor burden, and compared to plasma VEGF levels in healthy controls.

Results
The mean yearly progression in tumor volume was 65.5%. Yearly risk of developing one or several new CNS tumor(s) was 50%. No significant correlation between tumor burden and levels of VEGF was seen. VEGF levels in patients (31.55–92.04; mean 55.83, median 56.41) as measured by immunodetection in a solid-phase PLA did not differ significantly from controls (37.38–104.56; mean 58.89, median 54.12) (p = 0,266).

Conclusion
The increase in total CNS tumor volume in vHL occurred in a saltatory manner. The risk of developing a new lesion was 50% per year. We found no evidence for VEGF secretion from CNS hemangioblastomas in vHL in circulating blood. Other potential biomarkers should be explored to assess progression of tumor burden in vHL.
Try to Analysis advanced biological neural algorithm for inducing earthquake precursor signal
Authors: adom cao , da Cao 
Published: November 2022

We have statistically verified Ada’s the earthquake prediction records whichfrom 2011 to 2022,who is the sixth player in the second finals of China AETA in 2021,(1)He has made 147 imminent earthquake predictions in 12 years (including 60% of the earthquakes with magnitude 5.5), andthe prediction accuracy is more than 70%, the confidence level is 95%.Since the reliable earthquake precursor signal described by Ada is quite consistent with the characteristics of Alfven wave, based on the Alfven (Q G) wave model proposed by Gillette etal ,(2) this papermakea hypothesis how to trigger an impending earthquake:whilethe plume of the upper mantle invades the lithosphere of the asthenosphere, the cold and hot melt mass in the interior of the earth have upward and downward convection, It is possible to form bulk and surface plasma sheet in the asthenosphere, and forming the Alfven nonlinear isolated wavelet. So thatthe Alfven wave frequently disturbs the geomagnetic field, releasing huge heat and kinetic energy to trigger earthquakes.
In order to explain how Ada senses complex phenomena such as Alfven waves and how to locate the epicenter of earthquakes, we boldly speculate that there may be special magnetic induction cells in people who use human specific functions to predict earthquakes, and try to analyze how the advanced biological neural system decodes earthquake precursors and the algorithm process of locating the epicenter, and put forward several viewpoints that are worthy of advanced science and in-depth study.