bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saudi Physicians' Awareness and Practice of Pulmonary Rehabilitation for Post-COVID-19 Syndrome Patients
Authors: Maliki Reem Al , Hawsawi Talal Ibrahim , Alrajab Fatimah Ismail , Alatawi Nouf Abdulaziz , Jamjoom Mohammed Omar , Shakally Mohamad Souleman , Alzahrani Khames T. 
Published: January 2022

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, has resulted in considerable mortality, morbidity, and unprecedented strain on healthcare systems throughout the world. As the pandemic evolves, one of those challenges has become increasingly common - the post-COVID-19 syndrome. Approximately 10-20% of SARS-CoV-2 patients who experienced an acute symptomatic phase are still experiencing some effects beyond 12 weeks. To assess knowledge, awareness and practice about effectiveness and benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation for post-covid-19 syndrome patients and their practical barriers and opportunities, and education and training needs among Saudi physicians.
Methodology: A cross-sectional online survey was held among healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia. Department of internal medicine, Heraa General Hospital, between January 2021 and November 2021. The questionnaire was sent to Saudi physicians from data collectors face-to-face through smartphone apps. The questionnaire covered the talk about pulmonary rehabilitation knowledge and familiarity among Saudi physicians, support and practice, barriers to pulmonary rehabilitation integration, and interest in learning more about pulmonary rehabilitation programs.
Results: A total of 1111 responded to the survey. The mean age of the participants was 33 years old, with mean years of experience of about 6.95 years. The majority of respondents (n=949) (85.4%) work in urban areas and come from various regions, including the west (n=407) (36.6%), east (n=195) (17.6%), north (n=150) (13.5%), south (n=150) (13.5%) and central region (n=209) (18.8%). More than half of the respondents were physicians (n=750) (67.5%) from different specialties, and the mean number of covid-19 patients seen by physicians was 5.68% per day.
Conclusion: Participants in this study showed a positive attitude toward pulmonary rehabilitation. They believe their patients would benefit from Pulmonary rehabilitation, are interested in referring post-covid-19 patients to rehabilitation providers and co-managing their care, and would like more educational opportunities in order to increase their knowledge of the safety and efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation.
Comparative Analysis of Specific Gravity with Hemoglobin of the Blood - Clinicopathological Analysis
Authors: Surya C. , Sinduja Palati , Priyadharshini R. 
Published: January 2022

Aim: The study aims to analyze the specific gravity with the hemoglobin of the blood.
Introduction: The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of the water at a specified temperature and pressure is known as specific gravity. Blood is a fluid connective tissue that delivers oxygen and nutrients to the cells and transports metabolic waste away from the cells. Red blood cells are biconcave disc-shaped cells produced from bone marrow. It contains proteins that transport oxygen from the lungs to all the parts of the body. The term heme reforms to the iron-containing porphyrin. The aim of the study was to analyse the specific gravity of Hemoglobin of the blood.
Materials and Methods: 10 random blood samples were collected from the patients in Saveetha Dental College. Then the samples were centrifuged and the blood-specific gravity and hemoglobin were analyzed from the sample using a multi-reagent strip and the specific gravity and hemoglobin was determined.
Results and Discussion: The mean specific gravity value of age group 21 - 30 years is 1.015, the mean specific gravity value of age group 31 - 40 years is 1.018, the mean specific gravity value of age group 41 - 50 is 1.016, and the mean specific gravity value of age group more than 50 years is 1.020. The mean specific gravity value of females is 1.01750 and the mean specific gravity value of males is 1.01750. The mean Hb value of females is 11.67 and the mean Hb value of males is 14.68.
Conclusion: The value of mean specific gravity is slightly increased among different age groups and the mean Hb value is also slightly increased with different age groups. Between genders mean specific gravity is equal to both genders and mean Hb value is more in males compared with females.
Mitral Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (MAPSE) as a Simple Index for Assessing Left Ventricular Function: An Observational Study
Authors: Balasubramaniyan Jayanti Venkata , Tripathi Ashutosh Prasad , Murthy J. S. Satyanarayana 
Published: January 2022

Background: Mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) has been proposed as a parameter for assessing left ventricular function. The assessment of LVF has major diagnostic and prognostic implications in patients with cardiovascular diseases. LVF is measured by Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, however the accuracy of LVEF estimation by two dimensional echocardiography is limited especially in patients with poor image quality. Mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) measurement predicts left ventricular function even in conditions with suboptimal echo window.
Objective: To assess the correlation of MAPSE derived LVEF with LVEF measured by Modified Simpson’s method.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study which included 279 patients admitted at our tertiary care hospital from December 2019 to March 2020 and the patients were divided in two groups. Group A – Patients with LVEF>= 50% and Group B – Patients with LVEF<50%. All patients underwent 2D echocardiographic examination using Modified Simpsons’ method and MAPSE measurement. The VIVID E9, VIVID T8, VIVID E95 and PHILIPS echocardiography machine was used for the non-invasive measurements. MAPSE was recorded at medial and lateral mitral annuli in the apical four-chamber approach.
Results: On analysis, a cut off value for average MAPSE-S (medial mitral annuli) was 8.5 was obtained, denoting preserved LV function with sensitivity of 81.7%, specificity of 84.9%, positive predictive value of 91.6% and negative predictive value of 84.9%. The AUC for MAPSE-S was 0.822. Similarly, the cut off value of average MAPSE-L (lateral mitral annuli) was 7.5 denoting impaired LV functions with an AUC of 0.826, sensitivity of 82.8%, specificity of 72.0%, positive predictive value of 85.6% and negative predictive value of 72.0%. The AUC of 82.6% was observed for MAPSE-L.
Conclusion: MAPSE reflects longitudinal myocardial shortening. MAPSE is a rapid and sensitive echocardiographic parameter for assessing normal LV function and global LV systolic dysfunction.
Comparison of the Modified Alvarado Score and Ultrasonography for Diagnosing Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Keerthana S. , Vignaradj . 
Published: January 2022

Background: Acute appendicitis can be diagnosed much accurately by using Modified Alvarado score and Ultrasound together in the clinical setting.
Objectives: Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of Modified Alvarado score and Ultrasonographic findings in acute appendicitis.
Materials and Methods: A total of 200 patients of age group ranging from 4-65 years, both male and female, who visited the tertiary health care center with clinical features suggestive of acute appendicitis were randomly selected. Data from the patients regarding their Modified Alvarado score, ultrasonographic findings and histopathological reports were collected for the study. Statistical analysis was performed for the results of both Modified Alvarado score and Ultrasonographic findings in contrast to the pathology reports.
Results: The study included 200 patients, with maximum incidence of acute appendicitis seen in males (70.5%) and among 21-30 age groups (40.5%). The sensitivity, specificity of Modified Alvarado Score was 89.47% and 73.33%, with Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value and diagnostic accuracy being 40%, 73.33% and 45% respectively. Ultrasonography revealed 89.58% sensitivity, 15.62 % specificity, Positive predictive value and NPV were 75.88% and 50%, and diagnostic accuracy was 72%. The negative appendectomies rates accounted to 15%.
Conclusion: It is advised that both Modified Alvarado score and Ultrasound can be used to together to diagnose acute appendicitis. This can be useful in decreasing the negative appendectomies and hence reduce the morbidity and mortality.
Tobacco use and Dependence in Adolescents: A Review
Authors: Algaows Faisal Suliman , Alidan Sara Gasem , Saad Hamad Mohammed Al , Al Nasser Mohammed Radhi , Alkhuwaytim Maryam Nasser , Madkhali Jalal Yahya Mohammed , Altamimi Saqr Muhammad , Al-Makki Talal Abdullah , Alothman Faisal Mohammed , Almutairi Futun Awadah M. , Alhawsawi Ameera Ahmad , Alotaibi Rahaf Abdulrahman , Alharbi Hamed Hamad B. , Shook Amani Hassan 
Published: January 2022

Despite rising acknowledgement of the onset of tobacco smoking in children and adolescents, foundational understanding about many elements of early-life smoking behavior, as well as statistics to advocate for specific treatment approaches among children and adolescents, is inadequate. Nicotine addiction and withdrawal have been linked to continued cigarette use and difficulty stopping. When adolescents first start smoking, few expect to have trouble quitting. However, more than half of smoking teens say they try to quit every year, and fewer than 20% of those who smoke ten or more cigarettes per day say they are successful for even a month. Treatment of tobacco addiction rely mainly on the behavioral interventions as medications safety are not assessed for those less than 18 years old, so more research should be encouraged to find about the safety and availability for alternatives as behavioral intervention is not suitable alone for moderate to severe cases, Tobacco products are used by youth in a variety of ways,When smoking cessation efforts are undertaken in developed and developing nations, the wide diversity of tobacco products must be taken into consideration.
This research deals with the causes of tobacco dependence among young people, diagnosis and treatment methods.
Management of Chemotherapy Induced Mucositis
Authors: Noorsaeed Ashwag Siddik , Aljohani Mawaddah Saad , BinAfif Khawlah Salem A. , Alsaywed Rafal Abdulrahman , Bakhshwain Maha Ali , Alharbi Reham Mohammed , Bukhari Heba Abdulhakeem M. , Albalushi Omar Mohammed , Aljuhani Ahmad Abdulrahman , Batarfi Amal Abdullah , Subahi Awatif Fakhri , Alghamdi Azzah Mohammed S , Khallaf Moyssar tariq , Asiri Zainah Ali 
Published: January 2022

Oral mucositis is a severe ailment that causes erythema, edema, and ulceration of the oral mucosa, as well as pain and oral intake restrictions. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are the most often utilized cancer treatment options. Despite the fact that these treatments are used to improve a patient's quality of life, they are linked to a number of negative side effects. Oral mucositis is a common side effect in patients undergoing head and neck radiation therapy. While some chemotherapy-related side effects are being better managed, mucositis is becoming more common. Reducing patient risk factors, adopt proven preventative measures, and optimize supportive care practices targeted to the patients' needs and symptoms are all recommendations that can be made. In clinical practice and research, a variety of measures have been used to record the amount and severity of oral mucositis. The World Health Organization (WHO) scale is a simple, easy-to-use scale that can be used in clinical practice on a regular basis. There are multiple approaches for management of Mucositis. Cryotherapy, palifermin, and sucralfate are among the three therapies that showed statistically significant effect in avoiding or lowering the severity of mucositis according to reports. In this article we’ll be looking at Chemotherapy induced mucositis, its etiology, epidemiology, evaluation. And most importantly management.
Effectiveness of Chilled Cabbage Leaves Versus Hot Application on Breast Engorgement among Postnatal Mothers in Selected Hospitals of Vadodara, Gujarat, India
Authors: Rathava Usha , Kumary T. Vinaya 
Published: January 2022

Background of the study: Breast feeding is important imperious in the mother’s life. Breast milk may be complete healthy and salubrious supplement for the baby to help of the conjointly growth and development [1]. Breast engorgement causes discomfort and tenderness and pain that affect breastfeeding mothers early in the postpartum. The breast engorgement is one of the main factors contributing to early interruption of breastfeeding. Very few researches have been proven to monitor the effect of cabbage leaves application on breast engorgement [2].
Methodology: A quasi-experimental design two group pretest posttest design was used. A conceptual framework of Imogene king goal attainment model (1981) used for the conceptualization of the study. Total samples of 40 postnatal mothers were selected for the study using non probability purposive sampling technique. The samples divided in two experimental groups i.e. 20 in chilled cabbage leaves and 20 in hot application (temperature 43-46 degree Celsius - and tool used sociodemographic, pain scale & breast engorgement checklist and post test data collected after the intervention on 3rd day.
Results: Both the intervention, chilled cabbage leaves and hot application were effective and reduced pain in postnatal mothers (p=0.001*) at p<0.05 level. In chilled cabbage leaves & hot application are equally effective in reduced breast engorgement in postnatal mothers (p=0.001*) at p<0.05 level.
Conclusion: Findings of chilled cabbage leaves and hot application were effective and reduced pain and breast engorgement among postnatal mothers.
Anthropometric Evaluation of Volume of Maxillary Sinus and Nasal Septum Patterns as an AID in Personal Identification Using CBCT-A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chandak Rakhi , Chandak Manoj , Thakare Pranali , Sathawane Ramhari , Bansod Runal , Deshmukh Pranada , Sukhadeve Vidyarjan , Akhtar Zareesh , Tayade Charwak 
Published: January 2022

Aims: To determine the reliability and accuracy of maxillary sinus volume and nasal septum patterns in personal identification in forensics using CBCT (cone beam computed tomography).
Study Design: Retrospective Study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital Nagpur, from September 2019-December 2019.
Methodology: 110 CBCT scans of bilateral maxillary sinuses and nasal septum images were retrospectively obtained from the Oral Medicine and Radiology database (68 men and 42 females). The study was divided into two groups based on age. Group
-I consists of 58 CBCT scans taken between the ages of 20 and 40, while Group -II consists of 52 CBCT scans taken between the ages of 41 and 80. The height, breadth, and depth of the maxillary sinus were measured linearly. The nasal septum was classed as simple deviation to the right or left, sigmoid type, reverse sigmoid type, and straight based on the septa's deviations. Each person's combined maxillary sinus and nasal septum pattern was documented.
Results: The difference in maxillary sinus volume between two age groups was significant (P<0.5). In age group I, there was a substantial change in the left deviation pattern, and there was a significant change in the reverse sigmoid pattern in males and the straight nasal septum pattern in females. With whatever nasal septum configuration, there were no volumetric alterations(P>0.5).
Conclusion: In future, further research will be needed with a larger number of images to compare in order to arrive at a definitive identification.
Liquid Crystal Templated Chiral Plasmonic Films with Dynamic Tunability and Moldability
Authors: Grzelak Dorota , Tupikowska Martyna , Vila‐Liarte David , Beutel Dominik , Bagiński Maciej , Parzyszek Sylwia , Góra Monika , Rockstuhl Carsten , Liz‐Marzán Luis M. , Lewandowski Wiktor 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThin films sustaining plasmonic circular dichroism (PCD) have acquired high scientific relevance and a great potential for applications. While most efforts in PCD thin film structures focus on lithographically fabricated static metasurfaces, the bottom‐up fabrication of active chiral plasmonic films constitutes an alternative approach. Herein, the preparation of PCD thin films by melting and freezing a mixture of liquid crystal (LC), a chiral dopant, and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), serving as helical matrix, symmetry breaking inducer, and plasmonic component, respectively is reported. UV–vis and circular dichroism spectroscopies, as well as theoretical modeling are used to disclose the interactions among thin film components, toward maximizing the PCD dissymmetry factor (g‐factor). Variation of substrate temperature affords reversible off/on switching of the chiroptical response. The soft nature of LC matrix enables patterning of the films via a thermal nanoimprinting method, using a polydimethylsiloxane mold for transfer‐printing onto a flexible substrate, leading to stretchable PCD films. The PCD wavelengths can be readily tuned by varying the geometry of the Au NPs. This work provides an efficient technique to produce PCD thin films with active plasmonic properties and mechanical tunability.
A Universal Cosolvent Evaporation Strategy Enables Direct Printing of Perovskite Single Crystals for Optoelectronic Device Applications
Authors: Corzo Daniel , Wang Tonghui , Gedda Murali , Yengel Emre , Khan Jafar I , Li Ruipeng , Niazi Muhammad Rizwan , Huang Zhengjie , Kim Taesoo , Baran Derya , Sun Dali , Laquai Frédéric , Anthopoulos Thomas D. , Amassian Aram 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSolution‐processed metal halide perovskite (MHP) single crystals (SCs) are in high demand for a growing number of printed electronic applications due to their superior optoelectronic properties compared to polycrystalline thin films. There is an urgent need to make SC fabrication facile, scalable, and compatible with the printed electronic manufacturing infrastructure. Here, a universal cosolvent evaporation (CSE) strategy is presented by which perovskite SCs and arrays are produced directly on substrates via printing and coating methods within minutes at room temperature from drying droplets. The CSE strategy successfully guides the supersaturation via controlled drying of droplets to suppress all crystallization pathways but one, and is shown to produce SCs of a wide variety of 3D, 2D, and mixed‐cation/halide perovskites with consistency. This approach works with commonly used precursors and solvents, making it universal. Importantly, the SC consumes the precursor in the droplet, which enables the large‐scale fabrication of SC arrays with minimal residue. Direct on‐chip fabrication of 3D and 2D perovskite photodetector devices with outstanding performance is demonstrated. The approach shows that any MHP SC can now be manufactured on substrates using precision printing and scalable, high‐throughput coating methods.
Closed‐Loop Temperature‐Controlled Magnetic Hyperthermia Therapy with Magnetic Guidance of Superparamagnetic Iron‐Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Ahmed Awais , Kim Eunhee , Jeon Sungwoong , Kim Jin‐Young , Choi Hongsoo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHyperthermia therapy eliminates cancer cells by heating them above physiological temperatures. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are promising for targeted hyperthermia therapy because of their excellent heating efficiency, biocompatibility, and active magnetic navigation. When exposed to a high‐frequency alternating magnetic field (AMF), SPIONs dissipate heat to damage cancer cells. Accurate temperature control is crucial for safe and efficient hyperthermia therapy. A closed‐loop temperature controller to control the temperature and heating rate by adjusting AMF’s strength, thereby enabling controllable hyperthermia therapy. Under a low‐frequency rotating magnetic field (RMF), the SPIONs form chains which can be actively manipulated towards the target by adjusting RMF’s direction, followed by AMF exposure for hyperthermia therapy. The SPIONs are precisely manipulated in a microfluidic chip and rat brain vessels ex vivo, highlighting the potential for targeted position control. Last, in vitro, and in vivo hyperthermia treatments are performed on human prostate cancer cells (PC3) and a PC3 xenograft mouse model using the proposed temperature controller, with tracking errors under 0.5°C and significant reduction in cancer cell viability and tumor volume. The magnetic locomotion with RMF, and the controlled heating using AMF, show the feasibility of using SPIONs for targeted hyperthermia therapy.
One‐Step MOF‐Templated Strategy to Fabrication of Ce‐Doped ZnIn2S4 Tetrakaidecahedron Hollow Nanocages as an Efficient Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Fan Huitao , Jin Yujie , Liu Kecheng , Liu Weisheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAchieving structure optimizing and component regulation simultaneously in the ZnIn2S4‐based photocatalytic system is an enormous challenge in improving its hydrogen evolution performance. 3D hollow‐structured photocatalysts have been intensively studied due to their obvious advantages in solar energy conversion reactions. The synthesis of 3D hollow‐structured ZnIn2S4, however, is limited by the lack of suitable template or synthesis methods, thereby restricting the wide application of ZnIn2S4 in the field of photocatalysis. Herein, Ce‐doped ZnIn2S4 photocatalysts with hollow nanocages are obtained via one‐step hydrothermal method with an ordered large‐pore tetrakaidecahedron cerium‐based metal–organic frameworks (Ce‐MOFs) as template and Ce ion source. The doping of Ce and the formation of ZnIn2S4 tetrakaidecahedron hollow nanocages with ultrathin nanosheet subunits are simultaneously induced by the Ce‐MOFs, making this groundbreaking work. The Ce‐doped ZnIn2S4 with a nonspherical 3D hollow nanostructure inherit the tetrakaidecahedron shape of the Ce‐MOF templates, and the shell is composed of ultrathin nanosheet subunits. Both theoretical and experimental results indicate that the doping of Ce and the formation of hollow nanocages increase light capture and the separation of photogenerated charge carriers.
Dual Role of Mo6S8 in Polysulfide Conversion and Shuttle for Mg–S Batteries
Authors: Wang Liping , Jankowski Piotr , Njel Christian , Bauer Werner , Li Zhenyou , Meng Zhen , Dasari Bosubabu , Vegge Tejs , Lastra Juan Maria García , Zhao‐Karger Zhirong , Fichtner Maximilian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMagnesium–Sulfur batteries are one of most appealing options among the post‐lithium battery systems due to its potentially high energy density, safe and sustainable electrode materials. The major practical challenges are originated from the soluble magnesium polysulfide intermediates and their shuttling between the electrodes, which cause high overpotentials, low sulfur utilization, and poor Coulombic efficiency. Herein, a functional Mo6S8 modified separator is designed to effectively address these issues. Both the experimental results and density functional theory calculations show that the electrochemically active Mo6S8 layer has a superior adsorption capability of polysulfides and simultaneously acts as a mediator to accelerate the polysulfide conversion kinetics. Remarkably, the magnesium–sulfur cell assembled with the functional separator delivers a high specific energy density (942.9 mA h g−1 in the 1st cycle) and can be cycled at 0.2 C for 200 cycles with a Coulombic efficiency of 96%. This work demonstrates a new design concept toward high‐performance metal–sulfur batteries.