bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indeks Kemiskinan Multidimensi Global: Analisis Menurut Perspektif Maqasid Syariah (Global Multidimensional Povety Index: An Analysis According to Maqasid Syariah Perspectives)
Authors: Abdul Rahman Muhamad Zulfadli , Mohamad Mohammad Taqiuddin , Abdul Azzis Muhammad Shamshinor 
Published: March 2022

Poverty is often associated with the issue of lack of income. However, when questions such as "do children get the education they deserve?", "does a family get the right health services?" and "does the community receive the clean water and electricity supply it needs?" cannot be answered well, then it is a sign that poverty still exists from a multidimensional view. This study applies library methods, textual and contextual analysis methods by taking into the five elements of Shariah Maqasid in the context of multidimensional poverty and extracted based on inductive, deductive, and comparative methods. The results of the study show that multidimensional poverty has a direct relationship to Maqasid Syariah. All dimensions of multidimensional poverty such as education, health, and living standards have their importance in preserving the five elements of Maqasid Syariah, namely religion, intellect, soul, lineage, and property. In the education aspect, achievement in this aspect must take into account both types of educational streams, namely fardu ain and fardu kifayah. In the health aspect, emphasis is given to the prevention of disease as well as a balanced diet by taking into the source of treatment and halal supply for both. While in the aspect of living standards, the accumulation of wealth serves as a pillar to build a more prosperous life, providing benefits to human beings, rewards, and favors given by Allah SWT to his servants and is a test in human life. This study is seen to contribute to improving the shortcomings that exist in the existing multidimensional poverty measurement through the application of poverty measurement elements based on the perspective of Maqasid Syariah as an added value in creating a comprehensive multidimensional poverty measurement as discussed by Islam.
Effect of Articular Surface Compression on Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Deformation
Authors: Torzilli Peter A. , Allen Samie N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Early stage osteoarthritis is characterized by disruption of the superficial zone (SZ) of articular cartilage, including collagen damage and proteoglycan loss, resulting in “mechanical softening” of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The role of the SZ in controlling fluid exudation and imbibition during loading and unloading, respectively, was studied using confined creep compression tests. Bovine osteochondral (OC) plugs were subjected to either a static (88 kPa) or cyclic (0–125 kPa at 1 Hz) compressive stress for five minutes, and the cartilage deformation and recovery were measured during tissue loading and unloading, respectively. During unloading, the articular surface of the cartilage was either loaded with a small 1% tare load (∼1 kPa) applied through a porous load platen (covered), or completely unloaded (uncovered). Then the SZ (∼10%) of the cartilage was removed and the creep tests were repeated. Randomized tests were performed on each OC specimen to assess variability within and between plugs. Static creep strain was always greater than cyclic creep strain except at the beginning of loading (10–20 cycles). Uncovering the articular surface after creep deformation resulted in faster thickness recovery compared to the covered recovery. Removal of the SZ resulted in increased static and cyclic creep strains, as well as an increase in the cyclic peak-to-peak strain envelope. Our results indicate that an intact SZ is essential for normal cartilage mechanical function during joint motion by controlling fluid exudation and imbibition, and concomitantly ECM deformation and recovery, when loaded and unloaded, respectively.
Network Analogy for Convecting Walls of an Enclosure
Authors: Bennett T. D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The classical thermal network analogy is extended to plates bounded by two distinct states of convection, such as the walls of an enclosure. The full network is derived from an effective network representation, expressed in term of the average convection coefficient. The full network description allows the internal flow temperature of an enclosure to be treated as an unknown in analysis of convecting plates, which is an important class of problems in thermal packaging design.
Gender Equity in Disability Sport: A Rapid Scoping Review
Authors: Culver Diane M. , Shaikh Majidullah , Alexander Danielle , Fournier Karine 
Published: March 2022

Aim: A scoping review was conducted to map the literature related to gender equity in disability sport. Design: Six databases relevant to the sport sciences were searched, yielding an initial 1,543 records; after two phases of screening and data extraction, 61 records were selected for synthesis. Descriptive statistics were generated on information related to the record contexts, approaches, and results. Qualitative descriptive analyses were used to group data inductively into themes in line with addressing the research question. Results: Most records examined the experiences, participation, and representation of adults in elite contexts. Insights across records pointed to gender inequities in participation and experience, often influenced by the intersection of ableist and masculinity notions. Limited research also pointed to strategies that can contribute to advancing gender equity. Conclusions: Implications were discussed to advance understandings of disability sport and enhance participation across levels (e.g., coaching, athletic) and contexts (e.g., elite/Paralympic, recreational).
Situation of snakebite, antivenom market and access to antivenoms in ASEAN countries
Authors: Patikorn Chanthawat , Ismail Ahmad Khaldun , Abidin Syafiq Asnawi Zainal , Blanco Francis Bonn , Blessmann Jörg , Choumlivong Khamla , Comandante John David , Doan Uyen Vy , Mohamed @ Ismail Zainalabidin , Khine Yi Yi , Maharani Tri , Nwe Myat Thet , Qamruddin Reza Murad , Safferi Ruth Sabrina , Santamaria Emelia , Tiglao Patrick Joseph G , Trakulsrichai Satariya , Vasaruchapong Taksa , Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn , Taychakhoonavudh Suthira , Othman Iekhsan 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionSnakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease posing public health challenges globally. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries are among the tropical regions with disproportionately high incidence of snakebite. Hence, this study aimed to review the situation of snakebite, antivenom market and access to antivenoms in ASEAN.MethodsThis mixed-methods study included comprehensive literature review and in-depth interviews with key informants to assess the situation of management system of snakebite, antivenom market and access to antivenoms in seven ASEAN countries, including Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Lao PDR and Myanmar. Data were analysed by a framework method.ResultsASEAN have developed various strategies to improve outcomes of snakebite victims. Five domestic antivenom manufacturers in the region produce up to 288 375 vials of antivenoms annually with the value of US$13 058 053 million which could treat 42 213 snakebite victims. However, there remain challenges to be addressed especially the lack of snakebite-related informatics system, inadequate antivenoms at the healthcare facilities and when the majority of snakebite victims seek traditional healers instead of conventional treatment.ConclusionImproving the situation of snakebite and antivenom is not only about the availability of antivenom, but the whole landscape of surrounding management and supporting system. The assessment of the situation of snakebite and antivenom is crucial for countries or regions where snakebites are prevalent to recognise their current standpoint to inform the development of strategies to achieve the goal set by the WHO of halving the global burden of snakebite by 2030.
Influence of combat boot types on in-shoe forces and perceived comfort during unloaded and loaded walking
Authors: Yeo Eunice X S , Chhabra K , Kong P W 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionCombat boots are essential protective gear for military personnel. The purposes of the present study were to examine (1) the influence of combat boot type on ground reaction force (GRF) variables and perceived comfort during unloaded and loaded walking and (2) the relationship between comfort and biomechanical measurements.MethodsFour types of combat boots with different physical features (eg, mass, thickness) and mechanical properties (eg, cushioning, rigidity) were compared across 61 male participants with experience in military marching while carrying heavy loads. In each boot type, participants completed a 10-m walk under an unloaded and a 20-kg loaded conditions at their preferred speeds. Peak force and loading rate during walking were measured using the loadsol wireless in-shoe sensor system. Comfort level was assessed using a 7-point Likert scale. Difference between loaded and unloaded walking, and across boot types were statistically compared. Correlation analyses were performed between comfort and GRF variables.ResultsOn average across all boot types, participants walked 2.1% slower when carrying 20-kg loads while experiencing 24.3% higher peak force and 20.8% higher loading rate. Boot D was perceived as most comfortable, followed by boots C, B and A (χ2(2)=115.4, p<0.001). Participants walked slightly faster (p=0.022, ηp2= 0.052) and displayed higher loading rates (p<0.001, ηp2=0.194) in the two more comfortable boots (C and D) than the less comfortable boots (A and B). No significant correlations were found between perceived comfort and any GRF variables.ConclusionsCombat boot features can influence perceived comfort ratings substantially during walking, whereas biomechanical differences among boot types are more subtle regardless of load conditions. The lack of relationship between comfort and force variables suggests that both subjective and objective measurements should be considered for comprehensive evaluation of combat boots.
Variation in on-scene time of emergency medical services and the extent of the difference of on-scene time between genders: a retrospective population-based registry study in Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Moafa Hassan N , van Kuijk Sander MJ , Moukhyer Mohammed E , Alqahtani Dhafer M , Haak Harm R 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo identify the intergender variation of on-scene time (OST) for highly urgent emergency cases conveyed by emergency medical services (EMS) in Saudi Arabia and to assess other predictors of OST and hypothesise for possible factors delaying OST.DesignA retrospective population-based registry study.SettingRiyadh Province is the largest province in terms of population and the second in terms of geographical area.ParticipantsAll highly urgent transported patients from the scene to emergency departments, be they medical emergencies or trauma emergencies during 2018.Outcome measureOST difference between men and women transported by EMS.ResultsIn total, 21 878 patients were included for analysis: 33.9% women and 66.1% men. The median OST for women was 22 min (IQR 15–30) and 18 min (IQR 11–26) for men (p<0.001); for medical cases, median OST was 23 min (IQR 16–31) for women compared with 20 min (IQR 13 – 29) for men (p<0.001); for trauma cases, the median OST of both sexes was equal. We found the following additional predictors of OST: factors of emergency type, sex, age category, geographical areas, type of ambulance vehicle and hospital type were all significantly associated with OST in the crude or adjusted analyses. Factors of emergency type, sex, age category, geographical areas, type of ambulance vehicle and hospital type were also significantly associated with the odds of OST of more than 15 min in the crude and adjusted regression analyses.ConclusionsThe median OST was longer than 15 min for more than half of transported cases. For medical cases, women had a longer median OST than men. Additional predictors associated with prolonged OST were the patient’s age, area (ie, urban vs rural), type of ambulance vehicle and season. These findings are hypothesis generating and require further studies.
Development and testing of an opioid tapering self-management intervention for chronic pain: I-WOTCH
Authors: Sandhu Harbinder Kaur , Shaw Jane , Carnes Dawn , Furlan Andrea D , Tysall Colin , Adjei Henry , Muthiah Chockalingam , Noyes Jennifer , Tang Nicole K Y , Taylor Stephanie JC , Underwood Martin , Willis Adrian , Eldabe Sam 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo describe the design, development and pilot of a multicomponent intervention aimed at supporting withdrawal of opioids for people with chronic non-malignant pain for future evaluation in the Improving the Wellbeing of people with Opioid Treated CHronic pain (I-WOTCH) randomised controlled trial.DesignThe I-WOTCH intervention draws on previous literature and collaboration with stakeholders (patient and public involvement). Intervention mapping and development activities of Behaviour Change Taxonomy are described.SettingThe intervention development was conducted by a multidisciplinary team with clinical, academic and service user perspectives. The team had expertise in the development and testing of complex health behaviour interventions, opioid tapering and pain management in primary and secondary care, I.T programming, and software development—to develop an opioid tapering App.ParticipantsThe I-WOTCH trial participants are adults (18 years and over) with chronic non-malignant pain using strong opioids for at least 3 months and on most days in the preceding month.OutcomesA multicomponent self-management support package to help people using opioids for chronic non-malignant pain reduce opioid use.Interventions and resultsReceiving information on the impact of long-term opioid use, and potential adverse effects were highlighted as important facilitators in making the decision to reduce opioids. Case studies of those who have successfully stopped taking opioids were also favoured as a facilitator to reduce opioid use. Barriers included the need for a ‘trade-off to fill the deficit of the effect of the drug’. The final I-WOTCH intervention consists of an 8–10 week programme incorporating: education; problem-solving; motivation; group and one to one tailored planning; reflection and monitoring. A detailed facilitator manual was developed to promote consistent delivery of the intervention across the UK.ConclusionsWe describe the development of an opioid reduction intervention package suitable for testing in the I-WOTCH randomised controlled trial.Trial registration numberISRCTN49470934.
Effect of relative income price on smoking initiation among adolescents in Ghana: evidence from pseudo-longitudinal data
Authors: Boachie Micheal Kofi , Immurana Mustapha , Tingum Ernest Ngeh , Mdege Noreen Dadirai , Ross Hana 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveMany smokers initiate smoking during adolescence. Making tobacco products less affordable is one of the best ways to control tobacco use. Studies on the effect of relative income price (RIP (ie, affordability)) of cigarettes on smoking initiation are scarce in low-income and middle-income countries, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa where data are limited. The goal of this study is to examine the effect of cigarette RIP on adolescent smoking initiation in Ghana.SettingThe study uses a pseudo-longitudinal data set constructed from the Global Youth Tobacco Surveys (GYTS (2000–2009 and 2017)) and RIP for the most sold cigarette brand in Ghana.ParticipantsThe GYTS is a national survey on adolescents.Primary and secondary outcomeEffect of RIP on adolescent smoking initiation in Ghana.ResultsUsing the GYTS 2000–2009 data, we find that the probability of smoking initiation falls significantly in response to a higher RIP, with an elasticity of −0.372 (95% CI −0.701 to −0.042) for the unmatched sample and −0.490 (95% CI −0.818 to −0.161) for the matched sample. The RIP elasticity for women ((−0.888) (95% CI −1.384 to −0.392) and (−0.928) (95% CI −1.434 to −0.422)) is statistically significant at 1% in both the unmatched and the matched samples, respectively, while the RIP elasticity for men is statistically insignificant in the 2000–2009 surveys. Analysis of the 2017 GYTS shows a similar outcome: a negative relationship between RIP and smoking initiation, and the results are statistically significant for both men and women, and for both matched and unmatched samples.ConclusionThe affordability (RIP) of cigarettes is negatively related to the probability of smoking initiation among adolescents in Ghana. Raising tobacco taxes in line with income growth would make cigarettes less affordable and dissuade adolescents from initiating smoking.
Scaling up the primary health integrated care project for chronic conditions in Kenya: study protocol for an implementation research project
Authors: Nolte Ellen , Kamano Jemima H , Naanyu Violet , Etyang Anthony , Gasparrini Antonio , Hanson Kara , Koros Hillary , Mugo Richard , Murphy Adrianna , Oyando Robinson , Pliakas Triantafyllos , Were Vincent , Willis Ruth , Barasa Edwine , Perel Pablo 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionAmid the rising number of people with non-communicable diseases (NCDs), Kenya has invested in strengthening primary care and in efforts to expand existing service delivery platforms to integrate NCD care. One such approach is the AMPATH (Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare) model in western Kenya, which provides the platform for the Primary Health Integrated Care Project for Chronic Conditions (PIC4C), launched in 2018 to further strengthen primary care services for the prevention and control of hypertension, diabetes, breast and cervical cancer. This study seeks to understand how well PIC4C delivers on its intended aims and to inform and support scale up of the PIC4C model for integrated care for people with NCDs in Kenya.Methods and analysisThe study is guided by a conceptual framework on implementing, sustaining and spreading innovation in health service delivery. We use a multimethod design combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, involving: (1) in-depth interviews with health workers and decision-makers to explore experiences of delivering PIC4C; (2) a cross-sectional survey of patients with diabetes or hypertension and in-depth interviews to understand how well PIC4C meets patients’ needs; (3) a cohort study with an interrupted time series analysis to evaluate the degree to which PIC4C leads to health benefits such as improved management of hypertension or diabetes; and (4) a cohort study of households to examine the extent to which the national hospital insurance chronic care package provides financial risk protection to people with hypertension or diabetes within PIC4C.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received approvals from Moi University Institutional Research and Ethics Committee (FAN:0003586) and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (17940). Workshops with key stakeholders at local, county, national and international levels will ensure early and wide dissemination of our findings to inform scale up of this model of care. We will also publish findings in peer-reviewed journals.
Beyond patient care: a qualitative study of rural hospitals’ role in improving community health
Authors: Nataliansyah Mochamad Muska , Zhu Xi , Vaughn Thomas , Mueller Keith 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesRural population face more health disadvantages than those living in urban and suburban areas. In rural communities, hospitals are frequently the primary organisation with the resources and capabilities to address health issues. This characteristic highlights their potential to be a partner and leader for community health initiatives. This study aims to understand rural hospitals’ motivations to engage in community health improvement efforts and examine their strategies to address community health issues.DesignEleven semistructured interviews were conducted with key leaders from four rural hospitals in a US Midwestern state. On-site and telephone interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. The combination of inductive and deductive qualitative analysis was applied to identify common themes and categories.SettingsParticipating hospitals are located in US rural counties that have demonstrated progress in creating healthier communities.ResultsThree types of motivation drive rural hospitals’ community health improvement efforts: internal values, economic conditions and social responsibilities. Three categories of strategies to address community health issues were identified: building capacity, building relationships and building programmes.ConclusionsDespite the challenges, rural hospitals can successfully conduct community-oriented programmes. The finds extend the literature on how rural hospitals may strategise to improve rural health by engaging their communities and conduct activities beyond patient care.
Activation-induced colocalisation of SCAMP5 with IFNα in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells
Authors: Pouw Juliëtte N , Olde Nordkamp Michel A M , O'Toole Tom G , Radstake Timothy R D J , Leijten Emmerik F A , Boes Marianne 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionPlasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are the main producers of type I interferon (IFN) in SLE. pDCs express high secretory carrier membrane protein 5 (SCAMP5). Recent work in transfected HEK cells connects SCAMP5 to the type I IFN secretory pathway. To further study the role of SCAMP5 in IFNα secretion by pDCs, we focused on the subcellular distribution of SCAMP5 in human pDCs freshly isolated from peripheral blood.MethodsWe measured SCAMP5 expression by flow cytometry in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy subjects (n=8). Next, we assessed the colocalisation of SCAMP5 with IFNα in pDCs of healthy subjects (n=4) by evaluating bright detail similarity (BDS) scores using ImageStream technology.ResultsWe confirm that SCAMP5 is highly expressed by pDCs derived from peripheral blood. In activated pDCs, we show that SCAMP5 colocalises with IFNα (mean BDS 2.0±0.1; BDS >2.0 in 44% of pDCs).ConclusionSCAMP5 colocalises with IFNα in activated human pDCs, in support of a role of this trafficking protein in the secretion of type I IFN by pDCs.