bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimal Delaunay Triangulations of Hyperbolic Surfaces
Authors: Ebbens Matthijs , Parlier Hugo , Vegter Gert 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMotivated by recent work on Delaunay triangulations of hyperbolic surfaces, we consider the minimal number of vertices of such triangulations. First, we show that every hyperbolic surface of genus g has a simplicial Delaunay triangulation with O(g) vertices, where edges are given by distance paths. Then, we construct a class of hyperbolic surfaces for which the order of this bound is optimal. Finally, to give a general lower bound, we show that the $$\Omega (\sqrt{g})$$

Ω
(

g

)

lower bound for the number of vertices of a simplicial triangulation of a topological surface of genus g is tight for hyperbolic surfaces as well.
Emergent ordering of microswimmers in smectic liquid crystals
Authors: Lakey C. C. , Turner M. S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSelf-propelled agents can interact in many different ways, including by perturbing a shared physical environment, e.g, hydrodynamic interactions. We study motile particles that are embedded into a smectic liquid crystal, locally distorting the smectic layer spacing. This results in interactions mediated by a smectic liquid crystal distortion field and corresponds to a form of “active smectic” liquid crystal. We identify several dynamical phases that emerge in different regimes of the smectic stiffness and particle reorientation time. We characterise these as (i) ballistic motion, (ii) clustering and (iii) collective motion where orientational order emerges even thought the system lacks explicit co-alignment. We further identify an order-to-disorder transition on the addition of angular noise.
‘Whose Call?’ The Conflict Between Tradition-Based and Expressivist Accounts of Calling
Authors: Wightman Sally , Potts Garrett , Beadle Ron 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResearch evidencing the consequences of the experience of ‘calling’ have multiplied in recent years. At the same time, concerns have been expressed about the conceptual coherence of the notion as studies have posited a wide variety of senses in which both workers and scholars understand what it means for workers to be called, what they are called to do and who is doing the ‘calling’. This paper makes both conceptual and empirical contributions to the field. We argue that Bellah et al.’s (Habits of the heart: Individualism and commitment in American life, University of California Press, 1996) contrast between tradition-based and expressivist understandings of ‘calling’ highlights a fundamental but neglected fissure in the literature. Expressivist accounts amongst both scholars and research participants require only that ‘calling’ be deeply felt by those who experience it. However, tradition-based accounts require an external caller. Exemplifying this, workers who attest to a divine call and scholars who write about ‘calling’ in the context of particular Christian traditions understand ‘calling’ in terms of a relationship with God. These accounts cannot but be in radical tension. We suggest that this conceptual confusion can be understood in terms of MacIntyre’s notion of ‘tradition-constituted rationality.’ The implications of this argument for practice are evidenced in our report of a study of adherents to one such tradition, workers at a Christian organization that supports people in poverty. Through in-depth interviews with long-term volunteers, we seek to assess if tradition-based ‘calling’ can be evidenced in unpaid work for the lack of pay and career progression opportunities strongly suggest the presence of ‘calling.’ This study demonstrates that even in the context of work that exhibits duty and altruism associated with expressivist accounts of ‘calling,’ these workers’ understanding of the relationships between themselves, their clients and Jesus Christ dominate their work choices. It is the meaning derived from a divine caller, understood in terms of Christian tradition, that accounts for their decision to begin and to continue this work.
The missing link: The parental voice in Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) programs
Authors: Keane Therese , Keane William F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper reports on the parental perspective on one school’s implementation of a Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) Program to ensure students had access to a personalized computer. Often studies of one computer to one student (1:1) Programs focus on students and or teachers while parent compliance in the Program is assumed. Consequently, there is limited literature that explores parental perceptions and concerns, and subsequent decision-making process, in the implementation of a BYOD Program. The aim of this study was to document the parental voice in the implementation of one such BYOD program. This case study focused on one large co-educational school with 130 parents completing a questionnaire that provided both quantitative and qualitative responses. This enabled an exploration of the effect of the BYOD Program as reported by parents themselves, as well as the examination of a range of related issues, such as textbook use, the financial burden and choice of device. The findings provided insight, through the lens of the parents, into how the BYOD Program was deployed. Three trends emerged from the study: parents clearly expected some kind of trade-off in terms of expenditure, they clearly wanted reassurances that their investment was worthwhile and that the devices would be used for improving learning. Further research needs to be undertaken about parental perspectives, expectations, and concerns of BYOD Programs.
Nothing but Gold. Complexities in Terms of Non-difference and Identity. Part 3. Permanence, Properties Plexuses and Subtleties in Mutual Exclusion
Authors: Anrò Alberto 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates Vācaspati Miśra’s remarkably complex argumentative architecture in support of non-difference by means of a microsimulation model, the classical gold-crown case. A full range of positions, including instantaneism, transformative continuum, indeterminate common basis reference, difference and non-difference coordination, etc., is put under the scrutiny of the Vācaspati Miśra’s dialectic effort. The possibility of coexistence of multiple properties with a single referent is then formally explored. The analysis is carried out in compliance with the ‘Navya-Nyāya Formal Language’ extensional set-based approach and its non-predicative, and variables free, relational syntax. Repeatable modules and structures of reasoning are identified and designed in the form of hypothesis frameworks, axioms and theorems to allow more accurate inferences, in particular regarding transformation and permanence, together with possible or impossible plexuses of properties. Identity and difference qua mutual absence are thoroughly defined with the aid of these formal tools, which conjointly might cast new light on the heuristic and expressive power of Navya-Nyāya logic, as well as on the theoretical potentialities of the non-dualistic account.
Improved osteoblast function on titanium implant surfaces coated with nanocomposite Apatite–Wollastonite–Chitosan– an experimental in-vitro study
Authors: Mukherjee Shayanti , Sharma Smriti , Soni Vivek , Joshi Amruta , Gaikwad Amit , Bellare Jayesh , Kode Jyoti 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a continuous research in the area of biomimetic coatings on the titanium (Ti) implant surfaces for improved survival and long-term successful outcomes in the field of dentistry and orthopedics. In-vitro approaches are ideal systems for studying cell-material interactions without complexity and interference observed in in-vivo models.PurposeThe present study was undertaken to evaluate the osteoblast characteristics and function on Ti substrates coated with the novel composite coating of ceramic apatite-wollastonite (AW) and polymer chitosan.Materials and methodsTi substrate coated with composite AW-Chitosan was synthesized, using electrophoretic deposition. MG-63 cells were seeded onto the coated substrates and cellular morphology and growth was assessed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Laser Scanning Microscopy (LSM). Osteocalcin expression of the seeded cells was assessed by FITC tagging and LSM analysis. Alizarin Red S staining and Confocal LSM (CSLM) analysis was used to study the in-vitro mineralization on the titanium samples.ResultsThe AW-Chitosan coating on Ti samples by electrophoretic deposition exerted significant positive influence on cell proliferation, growth and mineralization as compared to uncoated titanium samples. Scanning electron microscopy and laser confocal microscopy experiments revealed that the coating was non-toxic to cells, enhanced adhesion and proliferation of MG-63 cells. Increased functional activity was observed by increased production of bone-specific protein osteocalcin and mineralized calcium through day 7 and 14.ConclusionsThe present study underscores that optimal inorganic-organic phase nanocomposite crack-free coating created on Ti by simple, cost-effective electrophoretic deposition technique may have osteoconductive potential and may have wide application in the field of implantology.
A Scoping Review and Appraisal of AAC Research in Inclusive School Settings
Authors: Iacono Teresa , Goldbart Juliet , Douglas Sarah N. , Garcia-Melgar Ana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe aim of this scoping review was to explore the extent to which AAC studies have occurred in inclusive versus segregated settings, the role of AAC in inclusive setting studies, and the evidence for AAC supporting inclusive education of students with complex communication needs. A scoping review of studies published from 2000 to 2020 that involved students who used or could benefit from AAC or their peers conducted within schools yielded 167 studies. Relatively few studies (n=28, 17%) were conducted in inclusive settings. Data from these 28 studies were extracted and appraised for quality. AAC was integrated into intervention in 57% of these studies and in 61% improved use of AAC was an outcome variable, but in only six was this the main aim. Eighty-two students who used or could benefit from AAC were participants across studies. Classroom peers participated across 11 studies, including those in which qualitative designs were employed. The strength of evidence for the role of AAC could not be determined because only 12 studies were experimental and addressed varied aims. Nonetheless, these and seven qualitative studies were appraised as being of high quality. Implications of findings are discussed in terms of extending the evidence to demonstrate the role of AAC, and its potential to support academic and social school inclusion of students with complex communication needs, which may not rely on proficient use of AAC.
Scalarization and robustness in uncertain vector optimization problems: a non componentwise approach
Authors: Caprari Elisa , Cerboni Baiardi Lorenzo , Molho Elena 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe robust optimization approach can be used to tackle uncertain vector problems by considering worst case scenarios. In this context, notions of robust efficient solutions which are coherent with a set-valued minimization process have been introduced in literature in order to avoid unduly pessimistic attitudes (see e.g. Ehrgott et al. in Eur. J. Oper. Res. 239(1), 17–31, 2014). We address the question whether scalarization and robustification can be commuted in a non componentwise framework. We prove that the commutation of the two approaches is ensured under appropriate assumptions. To this purpose, we identify a class of scalarization processes that ensure necessary and sufficient robust optimality conditions through the direct scalarization of the uncertain vector optimization problem, without explicitly passing through the set-valued formulation of the problem.
Analysing dynamic deep stall recovery using a nonlinear frequency approach
Authors: Nguyen Duc H. , Lowenberg Mark H. , Neild Simon A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBased on bifurcation theory, nonlinear frequency response analysis is a recent development in the field of flight dynamics studies. Here, we consider how this method can be used to inform us on how to devise the control input such that the system transitions from an undesirable equilibrium solution—an aircraft deep stall solution in our case—to a desirable solution. We show that it is still possible to induce a large-amplitude oscillation via harmonic forcing of the pitch control device and escape the otherwise unrecoverable deep stall, despite very little control power available in such a high angle-of-attack flight condition. The forcing frequencies that excite these resonances are reflected as asymptotically unstable solutions using bifurcation analysis and Floquet theory. Due to the softening behaviour observed in the frequency response, these unstable (divergent) solutions have slightly lower frequencies than the value predicted using linear analysis. Subharmonic resonances are also detected, which are reflected in the time-domain unforced responses. These nonlinear phenomena show strong dependency on the forcing/perturbation amplitude and result in complex dynamics that can impede recovery if the existing procedures are followed. The proposed method is shown to be a useful tool for nonlinear flight dynamics analysis as well as to complement the rather thin literature on deep stall analysis—a topic of relevance for recent research on unconventional landing techniques in unmanned aerial vehicles. A full description of the aircraft model used, the unstable F-16 fighter jet, is provided in the appendix.
A review of methods to evaluate crop model performance at multiple and changing spatial scales
Authors: Pasquel Daniel , Roux Sébastien , Richetti Jonathan , Cammarano Davide , Tisseyre Bruno , Taylor James A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCrop models are useful tools because they can help understand many complex processes by simulating them. They are mainly designed at a specific spatial scale, the field. But with the new spatial data being made available in modern agriculture, they are being more and more applied at multiple and changing scales. These applications range from typically at broader scales, to perform regional or national studies, or at finer scales to develop modern site-specific management approaches. These new approaches to the application of crop models raise new questions concerning the evaluation of their performance, particularly for downscaled applications. This article first reviews the reasons why practitioners decide to spatialize crop models and the main methods they have used to do this, which questions the best place of the spatialization process in the modelling framework. A strong focus is then given to the evaluation of these spatialized crop models. Evaluation metrics, including the consideration of dedicated sensitivity indices are reviewed from the published studies. Using a simple example of a spatialized crop model being used to define management zones in precision viticulture, it is shown that classical model evaluation involving aspatial indices (e.g. the RMSE) is not sufficient to characterize the model performance in this context. A focus is made at the end of the review on potentialities that a complementary evaluation could bring in a precision agriculture context.
Philosophers’ appraisals of bibliometric indicators and their use in evaluation: from recognition to knee-jerk rejection
Authors: Feenstra Ramón A. , Delgado López-Cózar Emilio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe knowledge and stance of researchers regarding bibliometric indicators is a field of study that has gained weight in recent decades. In this paper we address this issue for the little explored areas of philosophy and ethics, and applied to a context, in this case Spain, where bibliometric indicators are widely used in evaluation processes. The study combines data from a self-administered questionnaire completed by 201 researchers and from 14 in-depth interviews with researchers selected according to their affiliation, professional category, gender and area of knowledge. The survey data suggest that researchers do not consider bibliometric indicators a preferred criterion of quality, while there is a fairly high self-perception of awareness of a number of indicators. The qualitative data points to a generalised perception of a certain rejection of the specific use of indicators, with four main positions being observed: (1) disqualification of the logic of metrics, (2) scepticism about the possibility of assessing quality with quantitative methods, (3) complaints about the incorporation of methods that are considered to belong to other disciplines, and (4) criticism of the consequences that this generates in the discipline of philosophy.
Convective Acceleration in Porous Media
Authors: Gjengedal S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Convective acceleration occurs in porous media flows due to the spatial variations of the nonuniform flow channel geometry of natural pores. This article demonstrates that the influence of convective acceleration in a nonuniform a pore channel is analogous to that of a constricting pipe channel. Their fluid mechanical behaviour can be comparable, provided that their geometrical characteristics are described precisely in the same manner, and from the same point of reference with regards to the fluid velocity in the flow channels. The analogy of the dissipation mechanisms in nonlinear porous media flow to the "minor loss" approach in fluid mechanics of pipes is therefore appropriate. Conventional nonuniform pipe channel geometries obtain dissipation coefficients within the range 0 < CKL < 0.2. These pipe geometries are relevant reference points for natural porous media, and it is thus expected that most natural pore geometries will obtain values within this range. This assumption holds true for the nine different 3D porous media samples presented here. However, the results show that the rate of change in the pore geometry, and consequently the magnitude of induced convective acceleration, depends on: the area ratio a of the pore channel, the angle of approach θ and the rounding of the pore channel geometry. The rounding of the pore channel reduces the dissipation coefficient, as the rate of change becomes smoother along the channel length. The results also indicate that the pore tortuosity increase the magnitude of nonlinear dissipation, in good agreement with pipe flow behaviour. This knowledge can help improve our interpretation of experimental data and enhance the predictability of porous media equations that incorporate the appropriate dissipation coefficients CKL as a variable.

Article Highlights

The analogy of porous media flow to the "minor loss" approach in fluid mechanics of pipes is appropriate, and the angle of approach θ and the area ratio a of the pore channel govern the magnitude of induced convective acceleration in porous media

The rounding of the pore channel geometry reduces the magnitude of induced convective acceleration

The tortuosity of a pore influences the dissipation coefficient CKL and increase the magnitude of induced convective acceleration
Overexpression of m6A-factors METTL3, ALKBH5, and YTHDC1 alters HPV16 mRNA splicing
Authors: Cui Xiaoxu , Nilsson Kersti , Kajitani Naoko , Schwartz Stefan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report that overexpression of the m6A-demethylase alkB homolog 5 RNA demethylase (ALKBH5) promoted production of intron retention on the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 mRNAs thereby promoting E6 mRNA production. ALKBH5 also altered alternative splicing of the late L1 mRNA by an exon skipping mechanism. Knock-down of ALKBH5 had the opposite effect on splicing of these HPV16 mRNAs. Overexpression of the m6A-methylase methyltransferase-like protein 3 (METLL3) induced production of intron-containing HPV16 E1 mRNAs over spliced E2 mRNAs and altered HPV16 L1 mRNA splicing in a manner opposite to ALKBH5. Overexpression of the nuclear m6A-“reader” YTH domain-containing protein 1 (YTHDC1), enhanced retention of the E6-encoding intron and promoted E6 mRNA production. We also show that HPV16 mRNAs are bound to YTHDC1 in human cells and that YTHDC1 affected splicing of HPV16 E6/E7 mRNAs produced from the episomal form of the HPV16 genome. Finally, we show that HPV16 mRNAs are m6A-methylated in tonsillar cancer cells. In summary, HPV16 mRNAs are methylated in HPV16-infected tonsillar cancer cells and overexpression of m6A-“writer” METTL3, m6A-“eraser” ALKBH5 and the m6A-“reader” YTHDC1 affected HPV16 mRNA splicing, suggesting that m6A plays an important role in the HPV16 gene expression program, at least in cancer cells.
Satisfaction with HyFlex Teaching and Law-abiding Leadership Education in Hong Kong University Students Under COVID-19
Authors: Shek Daniel T. L. , Zhu Xiaoqin , Li Xiang , Dou Diya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSince the early days of COVID-19, university teaching has changed from face-to-face format to online mode. With the gradual containment of the pandemic, there is no need for school lockdown. As a result, the teaching format has changed to HyFlex mode integrating both face-to-face and online modes. Obviously, it is necessary to understand the academic quality of life among students under the Hyflex teaching mode. In this paper, we report an evaluation study on a leadership subject in Hong Kong delivered via HyFlex teaching using a post-lecture evaluation strategy. In one of the lectures, we covered law-abiding leadership in university students, including abiding by the Hong Kong National Security Law. The post-lecture evaluation showed that students generally held positive views toward the HyFlex teaching and they perceived that the subject promoted their well-being indexed by psychosocial competence. Regarding the lecture on law-abiding leadership, students agreed that the lecture promoted their psychosocial competence, personal development, knowledge about law-abiding behavior and national security (including the Hong Kong National Security Law), and readiness to serve as socially responsible leaders. Positive perceptions of the lecture design, teacher performance, lecture content of law-abiding leadership and national security, and benefits positively predicted students’ overall satisfaction with the lecture on law-abiding leadership and national security.
Financial sustainability: measurement and empirical evidence
Authors: Gleißner Werner , Günther Thomas , Walkshäusl Christian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFinancial sustainability is underrepresented in both the research on and practice of sustainability management and reporting. This article proposes a conceptual measure of financial sustainability and examines its association with capital market returns. The measure is positioned at the intersection of sustainability management, risk management and risk governance. Financial sustainability is regarded as a crucial control parameter complementing shareholder value and can be viewed by risk-averse investors as a secondary condition of investment decisions. It reduces refinancing and insolvency risks, leading to risk-adjusted excess returns in an imperfect capital market with financing restrictions and insolvency costs. We propose measuring a firm’s financial sustainability in terms of four conditions: (1) firm growth, (2) the company’s ability to survive, (3) an acceptable overall level of earnings risk exposure, and (4) an attractive earnings risk profile. We show that the application of a conditions-based investment strategy to European firms with high financial sustainability (i.e., firms fulfilling all four conditions) over the period from July 1990 to June 2019 results in monthly excess returns of 0.39%. This portfolio’s risk is lower than the risk of market investment. We find that the excess returns increase when incrementally adding each of the four conditions to the investment strategy.