bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment and social benefit receipt in Finland
Authors: Mesiäislehto Merita , Jauhiainen Signe , Korpela Tuija , Tuori Sami 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 crisis tested welfare states’ resilience in protecting citizens against sudden health-related and economic shocks. However, the crisis’ effects and responses to it vary substantially across countries. Using administrative registers of the Social Insurance Institution of Finland, we evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on various socio-economic groups by examining the receipt of social benefits and length of benefit spells. Furthermore, we analyse the duration of unemployment and social assistance spells that started during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the probabilities of receiving social assistance among different socio-economic groups during the crisis. The results of our analysis show that in 2020, the receipt of unemployment and social assistance benefits was highest among young people and particularly among women. However, extending the analysis to 2021 we found that unemployment spells were shorter among young people than among older age groups. Thus, while the youngest age groups were hardest hit by the crisis in terms of the increase in the number of recipients, they seem to have recovered from it faster than the older age groups. Our findings indicate that the Finnish social security system succeeded fairly well in mitigating the negative impacts of the crisis for vulnerable groups and those who faced job loss since small adjustments to the benefits maintained the income of these groups.
Mutatis mutandis?
Authors: Kiss Gergely 
Published: May 2022

Mutatis mutandis? Changing of Jurisdictional Theories of Some Hungarian Prelates in the Second Half of the Twelfth and in the First Half of Thirteenth Centuries
The present paper aims to analyse the jurisdictional theories of some prelates (Lucas, Job, John and Robert, archbishops of Esztergom, Kalocsa and bishop of Veszprém) who had determining influence on the development of the Hungarian ecclesiastical hierarchy in the second half of the twelfth and the first half of thirteenth centuries. I study whether their transition to other (arch)bishopric seat(s) generated or not any changes in the jurisdictional theories, and if so, how contradictory or consequent they were.
Evidence for the Normalization Effects of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder on Functional Connectivity in Neonates with Prenatal Opioid Exposure
Authors: Liu Janelle , Grewen Karen , Gao Wei 
Published: May 2022

Altered functional connectivity has been reported in infants with prenatal exposure to opioids, which significantly interrupts and influences endogenous neurotransmitter/receptor signaling during fetal programming. Better birth outcomes and long-term developmental outcomes are associated with medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) during pregnancy, but the neural mechanisms underlying these benefits are largely unknown. We aimed to characterize effects of prenatal opioid/other drug exposure (PODE) and the neural basis for the reported beneficial effects of MOUD by examining neonatal brain functional organization. A cohort of 109 human newborns, 42 PODE, 39 with prenatal exposure to drugs excluding opioids (PDE), 28 drug-free controls (males and females) underwent resting-state fMRI at 2 weeks of age. To examine neural effects of MOUD, PODE infants were separated into subgroups based on whether mothers received MOUD (n= 31) or no treatment (n= 11). A novel heatmap analysis was designed to characterize PODE-associated functional connectivity alterations and MOUD-related effects, and permutation testing identified regions of interest with significant effects. PODE neonates showed alterations beyond those associated with PDE, particularly in reward-related frontal-sensory connectivity. MOUD was associated with a significant reduction of PODE-related alterations in key regions of endogenous opioid pathways including limbic and frontal connections. However, significant residual effects in limbic and subcortical circuitry were observed. These findings confirm altered brain functional organization associated with PODE. Importantly, widespread normalization effects associated with MOUD reveal, for the first time, the potential brain basis of the beneficial effects of MOUD on the developing brain and underscore the importance of this treatment intervention for better developmental outcomes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis is the first study to reveal the potential neural mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects on the neonate brain associated with MOUD during pregnancy. We identified both normalization and residual effects of MOUD on brain functional architecture by directly comparing neonates prenatally exposed to opioids with MOUD and those exposed to opioids but without MOUD. Our findings confirm altered brain functional organization associated with prenatal opioid exposure and demonstrate that although significant residual effects remain in reward circuitry, MOUD confers significant normalization effects on functional connectivity of regions associated with socioemotional development and reward processing. Together, our results highlight the importance of MOUD intervention for better neurodevelopmental outcomes.
PWWP2B promotes DNA end resection and homologous recombination
Authors: Ju Min Kyung , Lee Joo Rak , Choi Yeonsong , Park Seon Young , Sul Hee Jung , Chung Hee Jin , An Soyeong , Lee Semin , Jung Eunyoung , Kim Bohyun , Choi Bo Youn , Kim Bum Jun , Kim Hyeong Su , Lim Hyun , Kang Ho Suk , Soh Jae Seung , Myung Kyungjae , Kim Kab Choong , Cho Ji Woong , Seo Jinwon , Kim Tae Moon , Lee Ja Yil , Kim Yonghwan , Kim Hongtae , Zang Dae Young 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGenome instability is one of the leading causes of gastric cancers. However, the mutational landscape of driver genes in gastric cancer is poorly understood. Here, we investigate somatic mutations in 25 Korean gastric adenocarcinoma patients using whole‐exome sequencing and show that PWWP2B is one of the most frequently mutated genes. PWWP2B mutation correlates with lower cancer patient survival. We find that PWWP2B has a role in DNA double‐strand break repair. As a nuclear protein, PWWP2B moves to sites of DNA damage through its interaction with UHRF1. Depletion of PWWP2B enhances cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) and impairs IR‐induced foci formation of RAD51. PWWP2B interacts with MRE11 and participates in homologous recombination via promoting DNA end‐resection. Taken together, our data show that PWWP2B facilitates the recruitment of DNA repair machinery to sites of DNA damage and promotes HR‐mediated DNA double‐strand break repair. Impaired PWWP2B function might thus cause genome instability and promote gastric cancer development.
Thyroid 18F-fluorocholine uptake in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Ciappuccini Renaud , Saguet-Rysanek Virginie , Dorbeau Marine , Lequesne Justine , Linard Camille , Lefevre-Arbogast Sophie , Clarisse Bénédicte , Bardet Stéphane 
Published: May 2022

Objective
18F-Fluorocholine (18FCH) PET/CT has high sensitivity for parathyroid adenoma detection and can reliably exclude malignancy in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology. Data regarding 18FCH uptake in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT) are scarce. We aimed to assess thyroid 18FCH uptake in CAT with biological and histological correlation.

Methods
This is an ancillary study from the Chocolate trial (NCT02784223) that prospectively enrolled 107 patients planned for thyroid surgery. 18FCH PET/CT acquisitions were performed 20 and 60 min after injection. 18FCH uptake in the thyroid gland was assessed by measuring maximum (SUVmax) and mean (SUVmean) standardized uptake values. Thyrotropin, free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibodies were collected. The intensity of thyroiditis and the degree of fibrosis were assessed on pathology.

Results
CAT was evidenced in 19/107 (18%) patients. Of these, 13 (68%) displayed an increased and diffuse 18FCH thyroid uptake. This uptake pattern was not observed in patients without CAT. SUVmax and SUVmean were higher in patients with CAT than in those without (P < 0.001). At both acquisition times, SUVmax showed a monotonic relationship with the intensity of thyroiditis (Spearman ρ = 0.44 and 0.51, respectively, P < 0.001) and with the degree of fibrosis (Spearman ρ = 0.55 and 0.62, respectively, P < 0.001). SUVmax showed a linear relationship with TPOAb titers at 20 min (Pearson r = 0.54, P < 0.05; Spearman ρ = 0.59, P = 0.03).

Conclusions
More than two-thirds of the patients with CAT present high and diffuse thyroid 18FCH uptake. This uptake pattern is highly specific to CAT and is correlated with pathology and TPOAb titers.
Physical Activity Opportunities in US Early Child Care Programs
Authors: Boyle Maria H. , Olsho Lauren E.W. , Mendelson Michele R. , Stidsen Chantal M. , Logan Christopher W. , Witt Michael B. , Gola Alice Ann H. , Copeland Kristen A. 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Physical activity provides health and developmental benefits to young children. The Study of Nutrition and Activity in Child Care Settings describes physical activity opportunities and sedentary occasions for children aged 1 to 5 years at programs participating in the US Department of Agriculture Child and Adult Care Food Program.

METHODS
The Study of Nutrition and Activity in Child Care Settings obtained a nationally representative sample of classrooms within Child and Adult Care Food Program-participating Head Start and child care centers via multistage cluster sampling. For 1 observation day, an observer in each classroom tallied designated outdoor and indoor playspaces; minutes children spent in playspaces; barriers and facilitators to physical activity; and classroom time when most children were physically active (eg, walking, dancing), sedentary (seated, lying down), or neither. Weighted descriptive tabulations by program type compared outdoor physical activity opportunity counts and total physical activity opportunity durations to national guidelines. Multivariate regression analysis investigated association of barriers with physical activity opportunity duration.

RESULTS
The sample included 227 classrooms, 96 in child care centers and 131 in Head Start programs. All had sedentary occasions outside meals, snacks, and naps; virtually all offered opportunities for physical activity. Seventy-four percent of programs met national guidance on sufficient number of outdoor opportunities, weather permitting. Just 50% met guidance of ≥60 to 90 minutes of physical activity, whereas only 43% met both sets of guidance. Weather and staff not joining in outdoor play were associated with 74 and 31 fewer minutes devoted to physical activity, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Findings suggest ample room for improvement in provision of physical activity opportunities during child care.
Dextrose Gel for Neonates at Risk With Asymptomatic Hypoglycemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Gupta Kirti , Amboiram Prakash , Balakrishnan Umamaheswari , C Ashok , Abiramalatha Thangaraj , Devi Usha 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Hypoglycemia occurs in 5% to 15% of neonates in the first few days. A significant proportion requires admission for intravenous fluids. Dextrose gel may reduce admissions and mother-infant separation. We aimed to study the utility of dextrose gel in reducing the need for intravenous fluids.

METHODS
This stratified randomized control trial included at-risk infants with asymptomatic hypoglycemia. Study populations were stratified into 3 categories: small for gestational age (SGA) and intrauterine growth-restriction (IUGR), infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) and large for gestational age (LGA), and late preterm (LPT) neonates. Intervention group received dextrose gel followed by breastfeeding, and the control group (CG) received only breastfeeding.

RESULTS
Among 629 at-risk infants, 291 (46%) developed asymptomatic hypoglycemia; 147 (50.4%) in the dextrose gel group (DGG) and 144 (49.6%) in CG. There were 97, 98, and 96 infants in SGA/IUGR, IDM/LGA, and LPT categories, respectively. Treatment failure in the DGG was 17 (11.5%) compared to 58 (40.2%) in CG, with a risk ratio of 0.28 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17–0.46; P &lt; .001). Treatment failure was significantly less in DGG in all 3 categories: SGA/IUGR, IDM/LGA, and LPT with a risk ratio of 0.29 (95% CI:0.13-0.67), 0.31 (95% CI:0.14–0.66) and 0.24 (95% CI:0.09–0.66), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Dextrose gel reduces the need for intravenous fluids in at-risk neonates with asymptomatic hypoglycemia in the first 48 hours of life.
Evidence-based governance in education: The differences between privately funded and publicly funded think tanks are in part due to their diverging tactics in scheduling and timetable
Authors: Kevisas Magnus Tomas , Brazinskaite Ausra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs the role that publicly owned and private think tanks play in evidence-based governance grows, several parameters that have a bearing on the agenda, schedule and timetable of the think tanks have already been studied. Here we look at the interplay between the funding model (public vs. private) and the analysis intention (the temporal outlook; ex-ante vs. ex-post approach), choosing Lithuanian education policy, system and agents as the study domain. Among other findings, we see that the funding model correlates with the temporal outlook: the investigated representative of private think tanks tends to engage in ex-ante work more intensively, while the publicly funded equivalent is exhibitive of both ex-ante (preparatory) and ex-post (evaluative) research tactic in almost equal measure. We conclude that the private sector may afford the luxury of being more focused and efficient in its information behavior mostly due to the clear and non-debatable ideological commitment. In a deliberative democracy this is rarely possible. It would be of great interest to check whether the same generalizations hold for jurisdictions that are free from the post-Soviet administrative tradition.
Collagen type X alpha 1 promotes proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cervical cancer through activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling
Authors: Sun Yangyan , Ling Jing , Liu Lu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Collagen type X alpha 1 (COL10A1) belongs to the collagen family and constitutes the main component of the interstitial matrix. COL10A1 was found to be dysregulated in various cancers, and to participate in tumorigenesis. However, the role of COL10A1 in cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear.

Methods
Expression of COL10A1 in CC cells and tissues was detected by western blot and qRT-PCR. CC cells were transfected with pcDNA-COL10A1 or si-COL10A1, and the effect of COL10A1 on cell proliferation of CC was assessed by MTT and colony formation assays. Cell metastasis was detected by wound healing and transwell assays. Western blot was applied to evaluate epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Results
COL10A1 was significantly elevated in CC tissues and cells (P < 0.001). Over-expression of COL10A1 increased cell viability of CC (P < 0.001), and enhanced the number of colonies (P < 0.001). However, knockdown of COL10A1 reduced the cell proliferation of CC (P < 0.001). Over-expression of COL10A1 also promoted cell migration (P < 0.001) and invasion (P < 0.001) of CC, whereas silencing of COL10A1 suppressed cell metastasis (P < 0.001). Protein level of E-cadherin in CC was reduced (P < 0.05), whereas N-cadherin and vimentin were enhanced by COL10A1 over-expression (P < 0.001). Silencing of COL10A1 reduced the protein level of TGF-β1 (P < 0.01), and down-regulated the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in CC (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Down-regulation of COL10A1 suppressed cell proliferation, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of CC through inactivation of TGF-β/Smad signaling.
Neonatal Sepsis Şüphesi Olan Yenidoğanlarda Akut Faz Reaktanı Olarak C Reaktif Protein, Prokalsitonin, İnterlökin-18 Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: SEĞMEN Büşra , YURTTUTAN Sadık , SERİNGEÇ AKKEÇECİ Nurten , İNANÇ TOLUN Fatma , BOZKAYA Aydın 
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Neonatal sepsis yaşamın ilk ayında sistemik infeksiyon bulguları ve bakteriyemiyle nitelenen klinik bir sendromdur. Neonatal sepsis neonatal mortalite ve morbiditenin önemli bir nedenidir ve doğru teşhisi için klinik ve laboratuvar bulguların bir kombinasyonu gereklidir. Bu çalışma neonatal sepsisin erken
tanı ve takibinde C reaktif protein (CRP), prokalsitonin (PCT) ve İnterlökin-18 (IL-18) düzeylerinin incelenmesi ve karşılaştırılması amacıyla planlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya toplam 103 olgu dahil edildi. Elli beş olgu klinik belirti ve bulgularıyla sepsis grubunu oluşturken, sepsis belirti ve bulgularını taşımayan 48 olgu kontrol grubu olarak çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, prenatal ve maternal özellikleri kaydedildi. Hematolojik
bulguları, CRP, PCT ve IL-18 düzeyleri ölçüldü.
Bulgular: C reaktif protein (CRP) (53.42±61.94 vs 3.2±0.53 mg/dl, p
Yaşlı Bakımı Programında Öğrenim Gören Öğrencilerde Akran Desteği Yaşlı Ayrımcılığına İlişkin Tutumu Etkiler mi?
Authors: DEMİR Sevgi , ERKAL Emre , DEMİRKIRAN Bedriye Cansu 
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışma yaşlı bakım programında öğrenim gören öğrencilerin yaşlı ayrımcılığına ilişkin tutumlarını, akran desteğini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek ve akran desteğinin yaşlı ayrımcılığına yönelik etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı olarak yürütülen bu çalışma bir üniversitenin iki farklı birimindeki yaşlı bakımı programında öğrenim gören 223 öğrenci ile yapıldı. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında öğrenci tanılama formu, yaşlı ayrımcılığı tutum ve akran desteği ölçekleri kullanıldı. Verilerin analizinde bağımsız örneklem t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi, pearson korelasyon analizi ve linear regresyon analizi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalamasının 20.92±2.01, yaşlı ayrımcılığı tutum puan ortalamasının 81.27±13.12, akran desteği puan ortalamasının 44.78±12.53 olduğu tespit edildi. Yaşlı ayrımcılığı tutum puanı ile akran desteği puanı arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı korelasyon olduğu saptandı (r=0.139, p=0.038). Akran desteği puanının tutum puanı üzerinde düşük düzey yordayıcı olduğu bulundu.
Sonuç: Öğrencilerin yaşlı ayrımcılığına ilişkin tutumlarının olumlu, akran desteğinin orta düzey olduğu ve akran desteği fazla olan öğrencilerin daha olumlu bir tutum sergiledikleri bulundu. Akran desteğinin düşük düzeyde yaşlı ayrımcılığına ilişkin tutumu etkilediği bulundu.
Conocimientos y actitudes sobre consumo preconcepcional de ácido fólico en estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad de Cuenca, 2020
Authors: Delgado Andrade Paola Gabriela , García Salinas María Belén 
Published: May 2022

Introducción: el consumo de ácido fólico preconcepcional contribuye a la prevención de defectos del tubo neural en el embarazo, siendo indispensable su uso durante la gestación.
Objetivo: establecer el nivel de conocimientos y actitudes sobre el consumo preconcepcional de ácido fólico, en estudiantes de primer año de Medicina de la Universidad de Cuenca, año 2020.
Metodología: estudio descriptivo transversal con una muestra de 141 estudiantes, obtenida con la fórmula para universos finitos, con intervalo de confianza del 95% e índice de error del 5%. Se aleatorizaron los alumnos en el programa EPIDAT 3.1. Respetando la confidencialidad de las listas entregadas, la codificación se realizó en la base de datos creada en el programa SPSS 22.0. El análisis se realizó mediante técnica descriptiva con tablas de frecuencias y porcentajes. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Bioética en Investigación del Área de la Salud de la Universidad de Cuenca, la autorización de dirección de escuela de medicina y el consentimiento informado de los estudiantes.
Resultados: el 100% de los participantes conoce los beneficios del consumo de ácido fólico antes y durante la gestación, más del 90% recomendaría su uso; el 65% desconoce el momento de descontinuar su uso y el 51% no sabe la dosis; en cuanto a las actitudes, obtienen una puntuación regular el 78%.
Conclusiones: el nivel de conocimientos sobre los beneficios del ácido fólico antes y durante la gestación es alto, mientras que más de la mitad de participantes desconoce las dosis y momento de descontinuar su uso; un importante porcentaje mostró una actitud regular respecto al tema.
Sulfide PGE–Cu–Ni and Low-Sulfide Pt–Pd Ores of the Monchegorsk Ore District (Arctic Western Sector): Geology, Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Genesis
Authors: Chashchin V.V. , Ivanchenko V.N. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
During the recent exploration of the Monchegorsk ore district (MOD) in the Arctic western sector, the platinum potential of known Cu–Ni deposits (Nittis-Kumuzhya-Travyanaya (NKT), Nyud, Ore Horizon 330 (OH330), and Terrasa) has been assessed, and new sulfide PGE–Cu–Ni deposits (Western Nittis) and manifestations (Moroshkovoe Ozero, Poaz, and Arvarench), and low-sulfide Pt–Pd deposits (Loipishnyun, Southern Sopcha, and Vuruchuaivench) have been discovered. All of them are confined to Paleoproterozoic (ca. 2.5 Ga) layered intrusions (the Monchegorsk pluton (Monchepluton) and the Monchetundra massif) and are divided into two types according to their structural position: basal, located in the marginal parts of intrusions, and reef-type (stratiform). All types of ores show Pd specialization. Platinum group minerals (PGM) have a limited composition in sulfide PGE–Cu–Ni ores and are represented by predominant Pt and Pd compounds with Bi and Te and subordinate PGE arsenides and sulfides. Low-sulfide Pt–Pd ores are characterized by a significant variety of PGM, with a predominance of PGE sulfides, bismuthide-tellurides, and arsenides. Sulfide PGE–Cu–Ni deposits and manifestations (Western Nittis, NKT, Nyud, Moroshkovoe Ozero, Poaz, and Arvarench) formed through the accumulation of base metal sulfides and PGE in immiscible sulfides and their subsequent segregation in commercial contents. The reef-type OH330 deposit and Terrasa manifestation resulted from the injection of additional portions of sulfur-saturated magma. The basal-type low-sulfide Pt–Pd deposits (Loipishnyun and Southern Sopcha) formed from residual melts enriched in ore components and fluids separated and crystallized during long-term oreforming processes. The reef-type Vuruchuaivench deposit is the result of deep fractionation of the parental magma with the formation of a sulfide liquid enriched in Cu and PGE. Significant reserves and large predicted resources of sulfide PGE–Cu–Ni and low-sulfide Pt–Pd ores are a reliable mineral resource base for the development of the mining industry in the Kola region of the Arctic western sector.