bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fertility Preservation and Financial Hardship among Adolescent and Young Adult Women with Cancer
Authors: Meernik Clare , Mersereau Jennifer E. , Baggett Christopher D. , Engel Stephanie M. , Moy Lisa M. , Cannizzaro Nancy T. , Peavey Mary , Kushi Lawrence H. , Chao Chun R. , Nichols Hazel B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
Financial hardship among adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer who receive gonadotoxic treatments may be exacerbated by the use of fertility services. This study examined whether AYA women with cancer who used fertility preservation had increased financial hardship.

Methods:
AYA women with cancer in North Carolina and California completed a survey in 2018–2019. Cancer-related financial hardship was compared between women who cryopreserved oocytes or embryos for fertility preservation after cancer diagnosis (n = 65) and women who received gonadotoxic treatment and reported discussing fertility with their provider, but did not use fertility preservation (n = 491). Multivariable log-binomial regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:
Women were a median age of 33 years at diagnosis and 7 years from diagnosis at the time of survey. Women who used fertility preservation were primarily ages 25 to 34 years at diagnosis (65%), non-Hispanic White (72%), and had at least a Bachelor's degree (85%). In adjusted analysis, use of fertility preservation was associated with 1.50 times the prevalence of material financial hardship (95% CI: 1.08–2.09). The magnitude of hardship was also substantially higher among women who used fertility preservation: 12% reported debt of ≥$25,000 versus 5% in the referent group.

Conclusions:
This study provides new evidence that cryopreserving oocytes or embryos after cancer diagnosis for future family building is associated with increased financial vulnerability.

Impact:
More legislation that mandates insurance coverage to mitigate hardships stemming from iatrogenic infertility could improve access to fertility preservation for young women with cancer.
Possible Reactivation of Latent Anal Human Papillomavirus Associated with Markers of Immune Dysfunction in Gay and Bisexual Men
Authors: Poynten I. Mary , Jin Fengyi , Molano Monica , Roberts Jennifer M. , Hillman Richard J. , Templeton David J. , Law Carmella , Stanley Margaret A. , Waterboer Tim , Farnsworth Annabelle , Fairley Christopher K. , Garland Suzanne M. , Grulich Andrew E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
It is unknown whether reactivation of human papillomavirus (HPV) after latency occurs in the anus. We measured incidence and predictors of incident anal HPV in sexually inactive gay and bisexual men (GBM) as a surrogate of HPV reactivation.

Methods:
The Study of the Prevention of Anal Cancer collected data on sexual behavior, anal cytology, HPV DNA, histology and HPV serology. HPV incidence during periods when zero sexual partners were reported in the last six months at both the current and previous annual visit (“no sexual activity”) was analyzed by Cox regression using the Wei-Lin-Weissfeld method to determine univariable predictors.

Results:
Of 617 men enrolled, 525 had results for ≥2 visits, of whom 58 (11%) had ≥ one period of “no sexual activity”. During sexually inactive periods, there were 29 incident high risk HPV infections in 20 men, which occurred more commonly in older men (Ptrend = 0.010), HIV-positive men (HR = 3.12; 95% CI, 0.91–16.65), longer duration of HIV (Ptrend = 0.028), history of AIDS defining illness (P = 0.010), lower current (P = 0.010) and nadir CD4 count (P = 0.014). For 18 of 29 infections with available results, 12 men remained type-specific HRHPV L1 seronegative. None were consistently seropositive. A new diagnosis of HSIL occurred in only two men, caused by an HPV type other than the incident type.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that in sexually inactive GBM, anal HRHPV incidence is relatively common, and is associated with increasing age and immune dysfunction, a pattern consistent with HPV reactivation.

Impact:
Reactivation of anal HPV may occur.
A Randomized Phase II Study of MEDI0680 in Combination with Durvalumab versus Nivolumab Monotherapy in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Clear-cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Voss Martin H. , Azad Arun A. , Hansen Aaron R. , Gray Jhanelle E. , Welsh Sarah J. , Song Xuyang , Kuziora Michael , Meinecke Lina , Blando Jorge , Achour Ikbel , Wang Yi , Walcott Farzana L. , Oosting Sjoukje F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
MEDI0680 is a humanized anti–programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody, and durvalumab is an anti-PD-L1 antibody. Combining treatment using these antibodies may improve efficacy versus blockade of PD-1 alone. This phase II study evaluated antitumor activity and safety of MEDI0680 plus durvalumab versus nivolumab monotherapy in immunotherapy-naïve patients with advanced clear-cell renal cell carcinoma who received at least one prior line of antiangiogenic therapy.

Patients and Methods:
Patients received either MEDI0680 (20 mg/kg) with durvalumab (750 mg) or nivolumab (240 mg), all intravenous, every 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included best overall response, progression-free survival (PFS), safety, overall survival (OS), and immunogenicity. Exploratory endpoints included changes in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), baseline tumor mutational burden, and tumor-infiltrated immune cell profiles.

Results:
Sixty-three patients were randomized (combination, n = 42; nivolumab, n = 21). ORR was 16.7% [7/42; 95% confidence interval (CI), 7.0–31.4] with combination treatment and 23.8% (5/21; 95% CI, 8.2–47.2) with nivolumab. Median PFS was 3.6 months in both arms; median OS was not reached in either arm. Because of adverse events, 23.8% of patients discontinued MEDI0680 and durvalumab and 14.3% of patients discontinued nivolumab. In the combination arm, reduction in ctDNA fraction was associated with longer PFS. ctDNA mutational analysis did not demonstrate an association with response in either arm. Tumor-infiltrated immune profiles showed an association between immune cell activation and response in the combination arm.

Conclusions:
MEDI0680 combined with durvalumab was safe and tolerable; however, it did not improve efficacy versus nivolumab monotherapy.
Triple Targeting of HER Receptors Overcomes Heregulin-mediated Resistance to EGFR Blockade in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rau Alexander , Janssen Nicole , Kühl Lennart , Sell Thomas , Kalmykova Svetlana , Mürdter Thomas E. , Dahlke Marc-H. , Sers Christine , Morkel Markus , Schwab Matthias , Kontermann Roland E. , Olayioye Monilola A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Current treatment options for patients with advanced colorectal cancers include anti-EGFR/HER1 therapy with the blocking antibody cetuximab. Although a subset of patients with KRAS WT disease initially respond to the treatment, resistance develops in almost all cases. Relapse has been associated with the production of the ligand heregulin (HRG) and/or compensatory signaling involving the receptor tyrosine kinases HER2 and HER3. Here, we provide evidence that triple-HER receptor blockade based on a newly developed bispecific EGFR×HER3-targeting antibody (scDb-Fc) together with the HER2-blocking antibody trastuzumab effectively inhibited HRG-induced HER receptor phosphorylation, downstream signaling, proliferation, and stem cell expansion of DiFi and LIM1215 colorectal cancer cells. Comparative analyses revealed that the biological activity of scDb-Fc plus trastuzumab was sometimes even superior to that of the combination of the parental antibodies, with PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition correlating with improved therapeutic response and apoptosis induction as seen by single-cell analysis. Importantly, growth suppression by triple-HER targeting was recapitulated in primary KRAS WT patient-derived organoid cultures exposed to HRG. Collectively, our results provide strong support for a pan-HER receptor blocking approach to combat anti-EGFR therapy resistance of KRAS WT colorectal cancer tumors mediated by the upregulation of HRG and/or HER2/HER3 signaling.
ОКРЕМІ АСПЕКТИ ПОШИРЕНОСТІ ВАЖКИХ ФОРМ ГЕНЕРАЛІЗОВАНОГО ПАРОДОНТИТУ У НАСЕЛЕННЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Случевська О. О. , Павленко О. В. , Мочалов Ю. О. , Шупяцький І. М. 
Published: May 2022

Мета: оцінити поширеність важких форм генералізованого пародонтиту в населення України, використовуючи офіційні статистичні відомості.
Матеріали і методи. Проаналізовано дані довідників «Показники здоров’я населення та використання ресурсів охорони здоров’я в Україні (загальний)» за 2020 і 2019 рр., дані щодо кількості видалених зубів із приводу захворювань пародонта.
Результати. Протягом 2019 р. в Україні в системі закладів охорони здоров’я, які звітували до Міністерства охорони здоров’я України, було проведено 753 429 екстракцій зубів із приводу захворювань пародонта, що в структурі екстракцій зубів загалом становило 17,13 %. Саме такий показник можна вважати тотожним поширеності випадків ускладненого перебігу захворювань пародонта в країні. У 2020 р. загалом у закладах охорони здоров’я, які подали звіти до Міністерства охорони здоров’я України, було виконано 436 119 видалень зубів із приводу захворювань пародонта, при цьому загалом питома вага екстракцій зубів у населення зменшилася до 6,79 %, незначно зменшилася частка видалення зубів із приводу захворювань пародонта в структурі екстракцій до 15,44 %. Питома вага видалень зубів із приводу захворювань пародонта у населення становить 2,19 %, що тотожно поширеності важких форм генералізованого пародонтиту, частота реєстрації важких форм генералізованого пародонтиту на стоматологічному прийомі становить 11,06 % від первинних відвідувань.
Висновки. Хронічні запально-дистрофічні ураження тканин пародонта є широко розповсюдженими захворю­ваннями в Україні й часто призводять до вторинної адентії щелеп у працездатного населення. Аналіз кількості видалень зубів із приводу захворювань пародонта за два роки дозволяє припустити, що рівень захворюваності на запальні та запально-дистрофічні ураження пародонта суттєво не змінився, хоча таке питання потребує більш тривалих спостережень.
ПЕРЕВАГИ БІОРЕГУЛЯЦІЙНОГО ПІДХОДУ В ЛІКУВАННІ ТА РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ ПАЦІЄНТІВ З COVID-19. КЛІНІЧНИЙ ДОСВІД
Authors: Гулій М. А. , Соловйова В. С. 
Published: May 2022

РЕЗЮМЕ. З початку спалаху нової коронавірусної інфекції COVID-19, причиною виникнення якої є вірус SARS-CoV-2, перед медичною спільнотою поставлені задачі, повʼязані не тільки з наданням кваліфікованої медичної допомоги, а й з проведенням реабілітаційних втручань під час і після захворювання.
В більшості випадків спостерігаються легкі і навіть безсимптомні форми перебігу; часто прояви середньої тяжкості у вигляді пневмоній без дихальної недостатності; рідше – з різним ступенем вираження дихальної недостатності; іноді – ускладнюється розвитком гострого респіраторного дистрес-синдрому (ГРДС). Саме характер епідемічного поширення і неоднорідна клінічна картина захворювання свідчать про істотну роль у розвитку даної патології рівня функціонального стану організму. Тому своєчасне використання неспецифічних методів корекції типових патологічних процесів, а саме запалення, ендогенної інтоксикації, порушень метаболізму, енергетичного балансу, імунного захисту, з допомогою методів фізичного впливу дозволяє запобігти розвитку ускладнень.
Через особливості патогенезу захворювання та різноманітність його клінічних форм шаблонне застосування загальноприйнятих схем часто є неефективним. А ефективність методів, які застосовують, прямо залежить від раннього початку проведення реабілітаційних заходів і комплексної оцінки стану пацієнта.
У статті представлений власний клінічний досвід курації пацієнтки похилого віку з позалікарняною пневмонією, асоційованою з COVID-19, та коморбідною патологією, на етапах лікування та реабілітації. На прикладі цього клінічного випадку були продемонстровані можливості, ефективність та безпека впровадження персоніфікованого алгоритму біорегуляційної корекції та індивідуальної програми реабілітаційних втручань на основі комплексної оцінки стану здоровʼя пацієнтки.
High Social Risk Influence Progression of White Matter Hyperintensities of Presumed Vascular Origin: A Prospective Study in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Del Brutto Oscar H. , Mera Robertino M. , Recalde Bettsy Y. , Rumbea Denisse A. , Del Brutto Victor J. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Information on cerebrovascular consequences of high social risk, as determined by the social determinants of health, is limited. We sought to evaluate the impact of high social risk on the progression of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) of presumed vascular origin.

Methods:
Following a longitudinal prospective study design, participants of the Atahualpa Project Cohort received baseline social risk determinations by means of social determinants of health components included in the Gijon’s Social-Familial Evaluation Scale together with clinical interviews and brain magnetic resonance imagings. Those who also received follow-up brain magnetic resonance imaging at the end of the study were included. We used Poisson regression models adjusted for demographics, education levels and traditional cardiovascular risk factors to assess the incidence rate ratio of WMH progression according to the Gijon’s Social-Familial Evaluation Scale score.

Results:

The study included 263 individuals aged ≥60 years (mean age, 65.7±6.2 years; 57% women). The Gijon’s Social-Familial Evaluation Scale mean score was 8.9±2.2 points. Follow-up magnetic resonance imagings revealed WMH progression in 103 (39%) individuals after a mean follow-up of 6.5 years (SD±1.4 years). Poisson regression models showed increased WMH progression rate among individuals in the third tertile of the Gijon’s Social-Familial Evaluation Scale score compared with those in the first tertile (incidence rate ratio, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.05–2.61];
P
=0.032). Separate Poisson regression models using individual social determinants of health components showed that poor social relationships (incidence rate ratio, 1.39 [95% CI, 1.10–1.77];
P
=0.006) and deficient support networks (incidence rate ratio, 1.79 [95% CI, 1.19–2.69];
P
=0.005) were independently associated with WMH progression, whereas family situation, economic status, and housing did not.

Conclusions:
Poor social relationships and deficient support networks were significantly associated with WMH progression in community-dwelling older adults living in a rural setting. Our findings may help planning cost-effective preventive policies to reduce progression of cerebral small vessel disease among vulnerable populations.
Dire les mystères en latin, et en vers, au IVe s. apr. J.C. : À propos d’orgia (Aviénus et Optatien Porphyre) et d’Eleusis (Claudien)
Authors: Galli Milić Lavinia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this article, I first examine the use of the word orgia in the context of Optatian’s, Avienus’ and Claudian’s poetry. I then evaluate the references to the cult of Eleusis occurring in the proemium of the first book of Claudian’s Rape of Proserpina. By these two test cases, I try to survey the way in which the vocabulary of the mystery cults is used by Latin poets writing in the 4th century AD, a time punctuated by events which had progressively pushed the mystery cults to the margins of the Empire. In these texts, which might possibly mirror contemporary religious issues—although they are, first and foremost, literary projects shaped by their own models and narrative mechanisms—the mystery ceremony is sometimes likened to a theatrical performance; the emphasis is placed on the collective sensory experience, on the occult nature of these practices, as well as on their etiological aspects and symbolic meaning.
Les dévots latinophones de Mithra disaient-ils leurs ‘mystères’—et si oui, comment ?
Authors: Belayche Nicole 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Studying the epigraphic testimonies of Mithraists should be a suitable approach to our task of tracing the mysteries in Latin, because Roman worshippers of Mithras were Latin speakers in their vast majority. Moreover, a certain proportion of them had their origin in the Greek-speaking Mediterranean, where mysteria were known. And yet there is almost no lexicon of ‘mysteries’ in these texts, although a Latin lexicon was available for talking about the mysteries. A close study of the few terms that might be related to an eventual expression of the ‘mysteries’—sacratus/a, consacranus/a, fratres, syndexi—produces results less convincing than is usually thought. However, at the end of the fourth century in Rome there does seem to be a shift in the way in which the entry into each grade (traditio) is expressed. In the end, this kind of lexical analysis reveals less about the ‘mysteries’ of Mithra than it does about the profoundly Roman nature of the organization of these religious groups.
The Role of UN Peace Operations in Security Sector Reform and the Relationship with the Protection of Civilians
Authors: Sprik Lenneke , Giblin Jennifer , Gilder Alexander 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Security sector reform and the protection of civilians are regular features within United Nations (UN) peace operations. However, the two areas are often distinct from one another in the mandates of missions. What then is the relationship between Security Sector Reform (ssr) and the Protection of Civilians (PoC) in contemporary missions and how does ssr impact PoC? This article aims to draw out this relationship by conducting a comparative case study analysis based on three missions that all combine a ssr and PoC mandate: the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (minusma), the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (minusca) and the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (monusco). The case studies provide a variety of examples which demonstrate elements of both convergence and divergence in the implementation of ssr and PoC. With ssr often taking place in a context of armed conflict, the current focus on human rights training and accountability is insufficient as the missions fail to achieve long-term ssr goals and instead must prioritise PoC due to the actions of the host states.
Mapping the Unseen: Ibn al-ʿArabī’s Maps in Chapter 371 of al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya
Authors: Karjoo-Ravary Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper examines a series of sequential cosmological and eschatological maps drawn by Ibn al-ʿArabī (d. 638/1240) in his second recension of al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya (Türk ve İslam Eserleri Müzesi 1845+). These images, drawn from the visual language of the rational sciences, map the images of revelation into the cosmology of the day so as to show the vastness of God’s cosmos and the limits of the intellect. Ibn al-ʿArabī, aware of the limits of his medium, explicitly states that these should be a “single composition.” He uses visual cues to mark shifts of perspective, helping the reader visualize the interconnections that bind together this multidimensional representation of the cosmos. By considering their placement and their relation to the narrative, I also argue that the final two maps are a representation of two eyes, identifying the cosmos and the reader as reflections of God, a contemplative use that is lost in their transmission history.
God’s Invisible Particles as an Explanation for the Rinderpest Outbreak (1713–1714): The Reception of Medical Knowledge in the Dutch Republic
Authors: Dekker Theo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In recent decades, historians have made significant contributions to the understanding of the production and circulation of knowledge in the early modern period. This article aims to go further, by demonstrating how a non-medical expert acquired and applied new medical knowledge, and how chronicles can be used as a source to study the reception of (medical) knowledge in the early modern period. To do this, I have used the corpus of the research project Chronicling Novelty which contains 311 early modern chronicles from the Low Countries, written by a heterogenous group of authors from the ‘middling’ ranks of society. The farmer and alderman Lambert Rijckxz Lustigh (1656–1727) tried to make sense of the rinderpest outbreak that spread across the Low Countries in 1713. In contrast to most of his contemporaries, he combined a corpuscular theory of medicine with other forms of knowledge to demonstrate how God’s ‘invisible particles’ caused an epidemic. This paper presents how expert knowledge became part of a complex chain of cultural translation and retranslation in society. Moreover, by examining Lustigh’s explanations in relation to his contemporaries and other chroniclers, this paper offers an additional perspective on the preconditions for the acceptance of new knowledge and change among the middling ranks of society.
A social media intervention for the families of young Black men with obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Watach Alexa J , Bishop-Gilyard Chanelle T , Ku Helen , Afolabi-Brown Olufunke , Prout Parks Elizabeth , Xanthopoulos Melissa S 
Published: May 2022

Objective: To address positive airway pressure (PAP) adherence in adolescents diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) by pilot testing a novel, online, facilitated, peer-support and health education programme for families. Design, setting, and methods: Families participated in separate Facebook peer-groups (adolescent [ n = 6] and parent [ n = 6]) for 4 weeks, followed by face-to-face interviews. Participants received OSA and PAP educational videos and posts, engaged with questions and polls, and viewed de-identified postings of peer PAP use data. Results: Adolescent participants were young Black men aged 13–17 years ( n = 6) with obesity ( n = 5), severe sleep apnoea (100%) and 4–15 months of prior PAP use. Parent participants were mothers ( n = 4) and fathers ( n = 2). Four of six young men increased their mean PAP use during the intervention period. Overall, parents were more engaged with the Facebook group page than adolescents, but interviews revealed the online group/peer-support and education provided was highly regarded and appreciated by families. Parents were particularly appreciative of being involved in care and diagnosis in this way. Conclusion: Results of this pilot trial provide important data regarding intervention design, content and delivery approaches to be considered in the development of future interventions aiming to engage families and improve adolescent PAP adherence.
Perceived public stigma and perceived public exposure by persons living with bipolar disorder: A qualitative study
Authors: Favre Sophie , Aubry Jean-Michel , Richard-Lepouriel Hélène 
Published: May 2022

Background: Stigma impact the lives of persons living with bipolar disorder. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore how perceived public stigma is described by people living with bipolar disorder and examine the links between perceived public stigma and perceived public exposure. Method: Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted in a purposive sample of euthymic people living with bipolar disorder recruited in a mood disorder ambulatory unit. Results: Thematic analysis of the transcript yielded five independent themes that were related to perceived public stigma. Perceived public stigma of bipolar disorder was modeled as comprising the three elements of public stigmas (stereotype, prejudice, and discrimination), with the addition of public exposure as a core component. Conclusion: The representation of bipolar disorder in society via newspapers, films/TV series, conferences, and celebrity self-disclosures is considered to have multiple impacts. People living with bipolar disorder have also reported a perceived public stigma of bipolar disorder that has both specific features and characteristics of general mental illness.