bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily level predictors of impaired driving behaviors in young adults: Protocol design for utilizing daily assessments
Authors: Hultgren Brittney A. , Guttmannova Katarina , Lee Christine M. , Acuna Daniela , Cooper Rachel L. , Kilmer Jason R. , Cadigan Jennifer M. , Calhoun Brian H. , Larimer Mary E. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Motor vehicle crashes remain a leading cause of death among young adults (ages 18–25) in the United States. Many drivers implicated in these crashes are under the influence of alcohol, cannabis, or the simultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis. Extremely limited research has assessed impaired driving behaviors and their predictors at the daily level. Perceived norms and motives to use substances have empirical support suggesting they may impact impaired driving-related behavior. Novel approaches to assess these associations at the daily level are needed and may inform future intervention and prevention programs.

Objective
The goal of the current study is to utilize electronic daily assessments to assess driving under the influence of alcohol, cannabis, or simultaneous use and riding with a driver impaired by these substances to assess variability and predictors of these impaired driving-related behaviors at the daily level. This present manuscript details a protocol, measures, and a plan of analyses to assess how within-person differences in perceived norms and motives to use are associated with the likelihood of engaging in impaired driving-related behaviors.

Methods
Participants include young adults in Washington State who report simultaneous use in the past month and either driving under the influence of alcohol, cannabis, or simultaneous use, or riding with a driver under the influence of both substances in the past 6 months. Individuals who verify their identity and meet eligibility requirements will complete a baseline assessment after which they will be scheduled for training on the daily assessment procedure via Zoom. Next, they will be invited to complete daily surveys on Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday every other week for 6 months and a 6-month follow up assessment. Analyses will utilize multilevel models with days nested within individuals.

Results
The study is currently recruiting participants. A total of 192 participants have been recruited and 100 have completed the study protocol. Data collection is expected to be completed in Fall 2022.

Conclusions
This study utilizes a novel design to assess impaired driving and predictors at the daily level among young adults at high risk of impaired driving-related behaviors. Findings will provide unique data that will shape the knowledge base in the field of social science and public health substance use research and that may be helpful for future prevention and intervention efforts on impaired driving.
Assessment of minority frequency pretreatment HIV drug-resistant variants in pregnant women and associations with virologic non-suppression at term
Authors: Boyce Ceejay L. , Beck Ingrid A. , Styrchak Sheila M. , Hardy Samantha R. , Wallner Jackson J. , Milne Ross S. , Morrison R. Leavitt , Shapiro David E. , João Esaú C. , Mirochnick Mark H. , Frenkel Lisa M. 
Published: September 2022

Objective
To assess in ART-naïve pregnant women randomized to efavirenz- versus raltegravir-based ART (IMPAACT P1081) whether pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) with minority frequency variants (<20% of individual’s viral quasispecies) affects antiretroviral treatment (ART)-suppression at term.

Design
A case-control study design compared PDR minority variants in cases with virologic non-suppression (plasma HIV RNA >200 copies/mL) at delivery to randomly selected ART-suppressed controls.

Methods
HIV pol genotypes were derived from pretreatment plasma specimens by Illumina sequencing. Resistance mutations were assessed using the HIV Stanford Database, and the proportion of cases versus controls with PDR to their ART regimens was compared.

Results
PDR was observed in 7 participants (11.3%; 95% CI 4.7, 21.9) and did not differ between 21 cases and 41 controls (4.8% vs 14.6%, p = 0.4061). PDR detected only as minority variants was less common (3.2%; 95% CI 0.2, 11.7) and also did not differ between groups (0% vs. 4.9%; p = 0.5447). Cases’ median plasma HIV RNA at delivery was 347c/mL, with most (n = 19/22) showing progressive diminution of viral load but not ≤200c/mL. Among cases with viral rebound (n = 3/22), none had PDR detected. Virologic non-suppression at term was associated with higher plasma HIV RNA at study entry (p<0.0001), a shorter duration of ART prior to delivery (p<0.0001), and randomization to efavirenz- (versus raltegravir-) based ART (p = 0.0085).

Conclusions
We observed a moderate frequency of PDR that did not significantly contribute to virologic non-suppression at term. Rather, higher pretreatment plasma HIV RNA, randomization to efavirenz-based ART, and shorter duration of ART were associated with non-suppression. These findings support early prenatal care engagement of pregnant women and initiation of integrase inhibitor-based ART due to its association with more rapid suppression of plasma RNA levels. Furthermore, because minority variants appeared infrequent in ART-naïve pregnant women and inconsequential to ART-suppression, testing for minority variants may be unwarranted.
Curcumin-loaded nanocomplexes ameliorate the severity of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in hamsters infected with Opisthorchis viverrini
Authors: Sitthirach Chutima , Charoensuk Lakhanawan , Pairojkul Chawalit , Chaidee Apisit , Intuyod Kitti , Pongking Thatsanapong , Thongpon Phonpilas , Jantawong Chanakan , Hongsrichan Nuttanan , Waraasawapati Sakda , Yingklang Manachai , Pinlaor Somchai 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundComorbidity ofOpisthorchis viverrini(OV) infection and nonalcoholic fatty-liver disease (NAFLD) enhances NAFLD progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by promoting severe liver inflammation and fibrosis. Here, we investigated the effect of supplementation with curcumin-loaded nanocomplexes (CNCs) on the severity of NASH in hamsters.MethodologyHamsters were placed in experimental groups as follows: fed standard chow diet (normal control, NC); fed only high-fat and high-fructose (HFF) diet;O.viverrini-infected and fed HFF diet (HFFOV); group fed with blank nanocomplexes (HFFOV+BNCs); groups fed different doses of CNCs (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight: HFFOV+CNCs25; HFFOV+CNCs50; HFFOV+CNCs100, respectively) and a group given native curcumin (HFFOV+CUR). All treatment were for three months.ResultsThe HFF group revealed NAFLD as evidenced by hepatic fat accumulation, ballooning, mild inflammation and little or no fibrosis. These changes were more obvious in the HFFOV group, indicating development of NASH. In contrast, in the HFFOV+CNCs50 group, histopathological features indicated that hepatic fat accumulation, cell ballooning, cell inflammation and fibrosis were lower than in other treatment groups. Relevantly, the expression of lipid-uptake genes, including fatty-acid uptake (cluster of differentiation 36), was reduced, which was associated with the lowering of alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels. Reduced expression of an inflammation marker (high-mobility group box protein 1) and a fibrosis marker (alpha smooth-muscle actin) were also observed in the HFFOV+CNCs50 group.ConclusionCNCs treatment attenuates the severity of NASH by decreasing hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis as well as TG synthesis. CNCs mitigate the severity of NASH in this preclinical study, which indicates promise for future use in patients.
Changes of metabolic parameters in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism of different age groups
Authors: Bibik E. E. , Gorbacheva A. M. , Dobreva E. A. , Elfimova A. R. , Eremkina A. K. , Mokrysheva N. G. 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown a high incidence of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). PHPT is usually diagnosed in people of age over 50 years and therefore age-associated changes of metabolism should be excluded. Researching predictors of cardiovascular pathology contributes to choosing optimal approaches to personalized patient management.AIM: To determine the features of metabolic disorders in patients of various age groups with confirmed active stage of PHPT.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center observational retrospective comparative study of patients with active PHPT at the age of 18-49 years (Group 1, n=66) and over 50 years (Group 2, n=290) was carried out. The exclusion criteria for both groups were: persistent PHPT or recurrence after surgical treatment of the disease in history; clinical/genetically confirmed multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome; for Group 1 — pregnancy, lactation. The assessment of laboratory parameters of mineral, carbohydrate, fat and purine metabolism obtained during a hospital examination was carried out, the frequencies of various metabolic disorders were determined and compared between age groups.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in parathyroid hormone and serum calcium levels between age groups, however, there were more severe hypercalciuria, a tendency to active bone metabolism and lower vitamin D level in Group 1. Patients of Group 2 had statistically significantly lower glomerular filtration rate and a higher frequency of bone complications. In the same group glycaemia and triglycerides levels were higher (the latter difference has the level of a statistical tendency). These patients also had a higher body mass index and, as a result, a higher incidence of obesity (37% vs 20%, p=0.006) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (12.5% vs 3%, p=0.013). At the same time, patients did not significantly differ in the rates of hypercholesterolemia (62% in Group 1 vs 70% in Group 2, p=0.228), hypertriglyceridemia (27% vs 32%, p=0.433) and hyperuricemia (42% vs 50%, p=0.302), significantly exceeding similar indicators in the general Russian population.CONCLUSION: Carbohydrate disorders are more often observed in patients older than 50 years, providing an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 among patients with PHPT compared with the general population. The high incidence of various types of dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia in the primary parathyroid pathology has no age specific features. Thereby these disorders are significant risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, even in young people with PHPT.
Rheological thixotropy and pasting properties of food thickening gums orienting at improving food holding rate
Authors: Fan Yuhe , Zhang Lixun , Wang Xingyuan , Wang Keyi , Wang Lan , Wang Zhenhan , Xue Feng , Zhu Jinghui , Wang Chao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The viscosity characteristic is an important factor affecting the holding rate of the meal-assisting instrument. The effects of shear rheological properties, thixotropy, and pasting properties of xanthan gum (XG), guar gum (GG), and thorn bean gum (TBG) in deionized water, berry juice (BJ), and nut lotus root starch (NLRS) were investigated using a rotational viscometer and a water bath, respectively. The results indicated that all samples exhibited non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior, the flow behavior index (n) was less than 0.5 indicating strong pseudoplasticity, the consistency index (K) decreased sequentially from TBG, GG, to XG, and there was a significant difference between yield stress and concentration (P < 0.05). The hysteresis loop area (∆S) decreases sequentially from NLRS, BJ, to DIW, and the activation energy (

E

a

{E}_{{\rm{a}}}

) decreases significantly with the increase in concentration (P < 0.05). This study has a reference value for improving the holding rate of sticky meals.
Estimating the Effect of Distance on the Migration of Higher Education Candidates
Authors: Lourenço Diogo , Sá Carla 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we use a gravity approach to study the impact of distance on desired migratory flows of candidates to undergraduate courses in Portugal. We employ a large administrative database that includes the entire population of candidates to public HE institutions in Portugal from 2008 to 2019. We document, in line with the literature, that distance is a significant deterrent to mobility, with flows showing an average elasticity to distance between −2 and −1, a value that tends to decay as distance increases. We find that flows are particularly sensitive when distance is measured by travel time. We show, however, that the deterrence effect is not homogeneous. Among other results, we identify and measure important differences across fields of education. Finally, we illustrate how using different probability density functions can be of service in finding the most appropriate gravity model specification.
Discovery of exercise-related genes and pathway analysis based on comparative genomes of Mongolian originated Abaga and Wushen horse
Authors: Pan Jing , Purev Chimge , Zhao Hongwei , Zhang Zhipeng , Wang Feng , Wendoule Nashun , Qi Guichun , Liu Yongbin , Zhou Huanmin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Mongolian horses have excellent endurance and stress resistance to adapt to the cold and harsh plateau conditions. Intraspecific genetic diversity is mainly embodied in various genetic advantages of different branches of the Mongolian horse. Since people pay progressive attention to the athletic performance of horse, we expect to guide the exercise-oriented breeding of horses through genomics research. We obtained the clean data of 630,535,376,400 bp through the entire genome second-generation sequencing for the whole blood of four Abaga horses and ten Wushen horses. Based on the data analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism, we severally detected that 479 and 943 positively selected genes, particularly exercise related, were mainly enriched on equine chromosome 4 in Abaga horses and Wushen horses, which implied that chromosome 4 may be associated with the evolution of the Mongolian horse and athletic performance. Four hundred and forty genes of positive selection were enriched in 12 exercise-related pathways and narrowed in 21 exercise-related genes in Abaga horse, which were distinguished from Wushen horse. So, we speculated that the Abaga horse may have oriented genes for the motorial mechanism and 21 exercise-related genes also provided a molecular genetic basis for exercise-directed breeding of the Mongolian horse.
Mass data processing and multidimensional database management based on deep learning
Authors: Shen Haijie , Li Yangyuan , Tian Xinzhi , Chen Xiaofan , Li Caihong , Bian Qian , Wang Zhenduo , Wang Weihua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, the requirements for massive data processing technology are getting higher and higher. Traditional computer data processing capabilities can no longer deliver fast, simple, and efficient data analysis and processing for today’s massive data processing due to the real-time, massive, polymorphic, and heterogeneous characteristics of Internet of Things data. Mass heterogeneous data of different types of subsystems in the Internet of Things need to be processed and stored uniformly, so the mass data processing method is required to be able to integrate multiple different networks, multiple data sources, and heterogeneous mass data and be able to perform processing on these data. Therefore, this article proposes massive data processing and multidimensional database management based on deep learning to meet the needs of contemporary society for massive data processing. This article has deeply studied the basic technical methods of massive data processing, including MapReduce technology, parallel data technology, database technology based on distributed memory databases, and distributed real-time database technology based on cloud computing technology, and constructed a massive data fusion algorithm based on deep learning. The model and the multidimensional online analytical processing model of the multidimensional database based on deep learning analyze the performance, scalability, load balancing, data query, and other aspects of the multidimensional database based on deep learning. It is concluded that the accuracy of multidimensional database query data is as high as 100%, and the accuracy of the average data query time is only 0.0053 s, which is much lower than the general database query time.
Phytochemical investigation, antioxidant and anticancer activities of various Unani drugs
Authors: Mannan Mohd Nazir , Kuna Lahari , Chakraborty Alokananda , Zakir Mohammad , Fatima Syeda Hajra , Minhajuddin Ahmed , Kazmi Munawwar Husain , Ahmad Tasleem 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To analyze the phytochemicals, antioxidant, and anticancer activities on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line using aqueous, hydro-ethanol, and methanol extracts of different Unani drugs, e.g., Halela Siyah, Aftimoon, Bisfayej, Ustukhudoos, and Kutki.

Methods
The qualitative examination (alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins), anticancer activity, and an antioxidant assay of the three different extracts were done by MTT assay and DPPH assay, respectively, using different Unani drugs.

Results
The qualitative examination confirmed the substantive presence of phytochemical constituents in all the extracts of these drugs. The Methanolic extract of Halela Siyah had the highest DPPH scavenging activity (91%), while Bisfayej had the lowest (58%). Similarly, the hydro-ethanolic extract showed approximately identical activity for Halela Siyah (89%), Aftimoon (88%), Bisfayej (84%), Kutki (82%), and Ustukhudoos (81%). The aqueous extracts of Halela Siyah (88%) had the highest DPPH scavenging activity, whereas Bisfayej (73%) had the lowest. The methanolic extract of Aftimoon demonstrated the greatest anticancer activity (IC50 – 108), while Aftimoon showed the least activity (IC50 – 316). Halela Siyah (IC50 – 175) and Aftimoon (IC50 – 178) showed substantially the same activity in aqueous extracts. Ustukhudoos hydro-ethanol extracts had the highest (IC50 – 130) activity, whereas Aftimoon had the lowest (IC50 – 204).

Conclusions
In conclusion, our findings evaluated the presence of phytochemicals, good antioxidant activity, and anticancer activity in different extracts of drugs used in this study. The study shows these drugs have potential anticancer activity against breast cancer in MCF-7 cell lines.
A metabolic blueprint of COVID-19 and long-term vaccine efficacy
Authors: Berber Engin , Sumbria Deepak , Kokkaya Serkan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Viruses are obligatory protein-coated units and often utilize the metabolic functions of the cells they infect. Viruses hijack cellular metabolic functions and cause consequences that can range from minor to devastating, as we have all witnessed during the COVID-19 pandemic. For understanding the virus-driven pathogenesis and its implications on the host, the cellular metabolism needs to be elucidated. How SARS-CoV-2 triggers metabolic functions and rewires the metabolism remains unidentified but the implications of the metabolic patterns are under investigation by several researchers. In this review, we have described the SARS-CoV-2-mediated metabolic alterations from in vitro studies to metabolic changes reported in victims of COVID-19. We have also discussed potential therapeutic targets to diminish the viral infection and suppress the inflammatory response, with respect to evidenced studies based on COVID-19 research. Finally, we aimed to explain how we could extend vaccine-induced immunity in people by targeting the immunometabolism.
Critical educational linguistics
Authors: Pennycook Alastair 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the first paper inaugurating this journal, Bernard Spolsky makes a case forcriticaleducational linguistics. Reviewing both the critical tradition going back to the Frankfurt School and many of the strands of work that can be seen as part of critical applied linguistics, he concludes that there is an important role for critical educational linguistics as long as it follows in the liberal tradition and avoids so-called wokeism. He also argues that a great deal of work in support of language diversity and bilingualism has in any case been in this critical tradition, and that the addition of the term may not add much to what has gone before. Building on this proposal for critical educational linguistics, this paper raises concerns about basing a critical educational linguistic project on liberal foundations, invoking ideas such as ‘wokeism,’ or assuming a long history of critical work in mainstream educational linguistics. The paper concludes by suggesting alternative foundations for critical educational linguistics.
“We have that strong R, you know”: the enregisterment of a distinctive use of rhotics in Santomean Portuguese
Authors: Bouchard Marie-Eve 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study examines how the use of rhotics in Santomean Portuguese is becoming enregistered as a feature that marks Santomeans’ national identity. It is based on ethnographic fieldwork and semistructured interviews with Santomeans living on São Tomé Island and in Portugal. The qualitative analysis of the data reveals the process that leads to the use and awareness of the rhotic feature among Santomeans. This increasing awareness is analysed in terms of orders of indexicality. The author suggests that awareness of this rhotic feature among Santomeans is contingent on having contact with Portuguese speakers of non-Santomean origin, as they only become aware of their distinctive use of rhotics when they are in contact with speakers of another variety of Portuguese on the island, in the diaspora, or online. Also, even if this feature is perceived negatively by many, it remains available for identity-driven use to express a connection to São Tomé and Príncipe.
The predictive roles of enjoyment, anxiety, willingness to communicate on students’ performance in English public speaking classes
Authors: Peng Jian-E , Wang Zhen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Despite the extensive research on willingness to communicate in a second language (L2 WTC), foreign language anxiety (FLA), and foreign language enjoyment (FLE), few studies have tested the roles of these variables in predicting L2 learning outcomes. This line of inquiry is imperative, especially because the importance of L2 WTC primarily lies in its presumable role in enhancing L2 learning. This study examines how FLA, FLE, and L2 WTC predict English public speaking performance. Data were collected by administering a questionnaire that contained closed-ended and open-ended items to 132 Chinese university students who took an English public speaking course. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that FLE was the single significant predictor of L2 WTC and public speaking performance. Participants’ responses revealed a range of major categories underlying classroom episodes when they felt most enjoyable, most anxious, and most willing to communicate. Implications for future research and pedagogical practice are finally addressed.