bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SiO2 aerogel multiscale reinforced by glass fibers and SiC nanowhiskers for thermal insulation
Authors: Wu Qiong , Yang Lixia , Chen Zhaofeng , Yang Mengmeng , Liu Tianlong , Li Manna , Mukhopadhyaya Phalguni 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
SiO2 aerogel attracts much interest as thermal insulation material due to ultra-low density and excellent thermal performance at room temperature. However, the poor mechanical property and a mass of heat transfer by radiation in high temperature limit application of aerogels. Herein, a novel aerogel composites multiscale reinforced by glass fibers with SiC nanowhiskers (SiCnw) (AFW) was prepared. SiCnw were evenly distributed in glass fibers felts by freezing-drying method to form a uniform multiscale felts. The SiCnw inside felts provided more contact point with aerogel to increase the interfacial adhesion force so that compressive stress of AFW with 4% volume fraction SiCnw was increased to 0.29MPa. SiCnw blocked infrared radiation to decrease the heat transfer. Therefore, Even though SiCnw raised thermal conductivity of aerogels at room temperature, thermal conductivity at 500℃ of AFW with was only 0.040 W/(m·K). In another word SiCnw reduced the sensitivity of thermal conductivity to temperature. AFW shows potential in the field of medium and high temperature insulation.
Histological and biochemical evaluation of plasma rich in growth factors treatment for grade II muscle injuries in sheep
Authors: García Daniel Aguilar , Fernández-Sarmiento J. Andrés , Machuca María del Mar Granados , Rodríguez Juan Morgaz , Rascón Pilar Muñoz , Calvo Rocío Navarrete , Ruiz Yolanda Millán , Poveda José María Carrillo , Castañeda Juan Muñoz , Bertomeu Ramón Cugat , Pérez Juan Manuel Domínguez 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to perform a histological and biochemical evaluation of the influence of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) on muscle regeneration process after a surgically induced grade II muscle laceration. A randomized, single blind, controlled experimental research was conducted including twenty-one adult healthy sheep, randomly divided in three groups (n = 7). A grade II surgical section was performed in the biceps femoris muscle of both hindlimbs. After two days (basal time), intralesional infiltration of autologous PRGF or Saline solution was randomly administered in both hindlimbs. Treatment was repeated once a week. Animal groups were euthanized at 1 (T1), 2 (T2) or 4 (T4) weeks. Histological assessment showed that PRGF intralesional injection induced a significant decrease of inflammatory cells density, significant higher centrally nucleated fibers percentage and significantly smaller fibrotic areas compared to Saline-treated muscles at T1, T2 and T4. Also, lower vascular density, with lower capillaries cross-sectional area, in PRGF group compared to Saline was observed. Biochemical analysis revealed a significant higher expression level ofMYOD1,MYF5andMYOGgenes in PRGF groups at T1 compared to Saline treated muscles. At ultrastructural level, PRGF groups presented scarce edema and loss of connective tissue structure, as well as higher mitochondrial density adequately associated to the sarcomere unit in contrast to the Saline group. In conclusion, histological, biochemical, and ultrastructural results showed that PRGF treatment improved muscle regeneration process leading to more mature histological aspect in newly formed muscle tissue after a surgically induced grade II muscle injury.
Arc controls alcohol cue relapse by a central amygdala mechanism
Authors: Radwanska Kasia , Pagano Roberto , Salamian Ahmad , Zielinski Janusz , Beroun Anna , Nalberczak-Skóra Maria , Skonieczna Edyta , Cały Anna , Tay Nicole , Banaschewski Tobias , Grigis Antoine , Garavan Hugh , Heinz Andreas , Brühl Rüdiger , Martinot Jean-Luc , Martinot Marie-Laure , Artiges Eric , Nees Frauke , Orfanos Dimitri Papadopoulos , Poustka Luise , Hohmann Sarah , Fröhner Juliane , Smolka Michael , Vaidya Nilakshi , Walter Henrik , Whelan Robert , Kalita Katarzyna , Bito Haruhiko , Mueller Christian , Schumann Gunter , Okuno Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic and fatal disease. The main impediment of the AUD therapy is a high probability of relapse to alcohol abuse even after prolonged abstinence. The molecular mechanisms of cue-induced relapse are not well established, despite the fact that they may offer new targets for the treatment of AUD. Using a comprehensive animal model of AUD, virally-mediated and amygdala-targeted genetic manipulations by CRISPR/Cas9 technology and ex vivo electrophysiology, we identify a mechanism that selectively controls cue-induced alcohol relapse and AUD symptom severity. This mechanism is based on activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc)/ARG3.1-dependent plasticity of the amygdala synapses. In humans, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ARC gene and their methylation predicting not only amygdala size, but also frequency of alcohol use, even at the onset of regular consumption. Targeting Arc during alcohol cue exposure may thus be a selective new mechanism for relapse prevention.
The association mental health of adolescents with economic impact during the COVID-19 pandemic: A 2020 Korean nationally representative survey
Authors: Park Hanul , Lee Kang-Sook 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
COVID-19 has affected innumerable lives across society, including in the spheres of education, economy, and religion. Economic problems and inequality are related to the poor mental health of adolescents. This study was to identify the relationship between the economic damage to families due to COVID-19 and various mental health problems for Korean adolescents, and evaluate the risk factors of mental health.
Methods
A total of 54,948 students were surveyed from 398 middle and 395 high schools. Complex sample logistic regressions were performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) of depression and suicidal ideation. Generalized linear model analysis were used to examine the association between mental health (unhappiness, lonely and stress) and economic impact of COVID-19. Theses analyses were adjusted for age, gender, school grade, perceived academic achievement, perceived family economic status, economic support.
Results
The ORs of depression (OR = 1.77, 95% CI : 1.57-2.00), suicide ideation (OR = 2.14, 95% CI : 1.84–2.50), unhappiness (OR = 1.51 95% CI 1.42–1.60) and lonely (OR = 1.38 95% CI 1.27–1.49) for the low level of perceived family economic status was higher compared to middle level. Adolescents who experienced economic deterioration at household as COVID-19 showed a higher risk of depression (OR = 1.42, 95% CI : 1.35–1.49), suicide ideation (OR = 1.36, 95% CI : 1.28–1.44), unhappiness (OR = 2.23 95% CI 2.19–2.27), lonely (OR = 1.20 95% CI 1.17–1.22), and stress (OR = 1.14 95% CI 1.12–1.16) than those who did not.
Conclusions
The findings revealed an association between the decline in household economic status due to COVID-19 and mental health problems such as stress, loneliness, suicidal ideation, depression, and unhappiness.
A stochastic modelling and optimization for the design of an LNG refuelling system in the Piraeus Port Region
Authors: Ntakolia Charis , Douloumpekis Michalis , Papaleonidas Christos , Tsiampa Violetta , Lyridis Dimitrios V. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Port activity is assumed to be an integral part of maritime activity. Ships are supplied with water, food, fuel, electricity, spare parts and consumables when they are berthed in Ports. Therefore, the purpose of the service system is to reduce the waiting cost, from the time the ship’s arrival until its service. Delays in the system, and particularly in the queuing system, could occur due to irregularities in the ships’ arrival time causing uncertainty in time of service. On the contrary, a complex waiting system would require an increased commitment of capital for the construction and maintenance of appropriate infrastructure. As such an optimum size and operation of the port service system must be identified. To address this problem, this study presents a method for maximizing port administrator’s profit, by modelling and optimizing the waiting system based on Monte Carlo simulation techniques. Port of Piraeus is used to test the method. The case study assumes increased bunkering port calls due to the addition of an LNG refuelling station. The results showed that a range of 3 to 5 stations generate high profit while using too many service stations could lead to deteriorations of the profit.
Oncogenic human papillomavirus infection (HPV 16/18) and associated factors among women in East Gojjam Zone, northwest Ethiopia 2021
Authors: getinet mamaru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Human papillomavirus is a common pathogen that infects the skin and mucosal epithelium, is transmitted sexually; causes condylomas or squamous cell carcinomas. Two (16 and 18) of the 150 HPV serotypes are oncogenic types. Studies have been done on the infection by oncogenic human papillomavirus 16/18 and associated factors are found to be very limited in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of oncogenic human papillomavirus infection (HPV 16/18) and associated factors among women.
Methods
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 337 women screened for cervical cancer in two hospitals in East Gojjam Zone from February to April 2021 G.C. Four BSc-qualified nurses who worked in the chosen hospitals collected the data using pretested questionnaire and an HPV test (OncoE6TM Cervical Test) specific to HPV16/18 in cervical swabs. Descriptive analysis was performed to determine the prevalence and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the associated factors of HPV16/18 infection. Finally, statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05.
Results
The prevalence of HPV infection was 14.2% (95% CI: 10.7% -18.1%). The mean age of the respondents was 36.7 ± 9.1 years. Women with the age group of 55–65 years (AOR = 7.91, 95% CI: 1.95–32.09), early initiation of sexual intercourse (AOR = 5.36, 95% CI: 1.58–18.13), history of sexually transmitted infection (STI) (AOR = 3.52, 95% CI: 1.27–9.72), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive status (AOR = 6.8, 95% CI: 1.99–23.54), and number of lifetime sexual partners (AOR = 4.37, 95% CI: 1.15–17.3) were important independent factors associated with the presence of oncogenic HPV infection.
Conclusion and Recommendation:
We found a relatively low prevalence of high-risk HPV infection. Age, early initiation of sexual intercourse at less than 18 years, STI of women, being HIV seropositive, and a number of sexual partners were important factors for high-risk HPV infection. Women aged > 46 years, women with early initiation of sex, a history of STI, being HIV positive, and a history of multiple sexual partners should be encouraged to be screened and vaccinated for HPV infection. Wider-ranging studies are also needed in HPV-infected women in association with the cervical lesion.
Local and Systemic Levels of IL-6 and IL-17 in Mechanically Ventilated Severe Pneumonia Patients
Authors: Wijaya I Putu Eka Krisnha , Pitoyo Ceva Wicaksono , Aditianingsih Dita , Shatri Hamzah , Nainggolan Leonard 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Pneumonia is a lung infection which is still a serious health problem worldwide. Intubation and mechanical ventilation are required in approximately 6% of patients that categorized as severe pneumonia. Furthermore, failed extubation was associated with increased mortality. The immunopathological process that occured in severe pneumonia is associated with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-17. Further study was need to evaluate the role of local and systemic immune processes through examination of cytokines levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood and its correlation to adverse outcome of severe pneumonia. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the differences of IL-6, IL-7 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood of severe pneumonia patients based on extubation and mortality status.Methods: This study was a prospective cohort in severe pneumonia patients who were intubated in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from November 2020 to January 2021. Bivariate analysis using the Mann Whitney test was used on abnormally distributed data. Study subjects were observed for successful extubation of 20 days and mortality of 28 days.Results: In this study, the failed extubation rate was 80% and the mortality rate was 75%. There were no statistically significant difference between IL-6, IL-17 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood based on extubation status. There were also no statistically significant difference between IL-6, IL-17 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood based on mortality status. Conclusions: IL-6 and IL-17 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage and blood were not statistically different in the group of patients who failed to extubate and successfully extubated, and in those who deceased and those who lived.
Local and trans-oceanic tsunamis in the Bering and Chukchi seas based on numerical modeling
Authors: Medvedeva Alisa , Medvedev Igor , Fine Isaac , Kulikov Evgueni , Yakovenko Olga 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We have examined the tsunami risk in the Bering and Chukchi seas by determining whether trans-oceanic tsunamis penetrate into these regions through the Aleutian Islands and Bering Strait. Results are based on numerical modeling of eight major far-field earthquakes in the North Pacific Ocean and one near-field earthquake that occurred in the Bering Sea region: the 1946 Aleutian, 1952 Kamchatka, 1960 Chile, 1964 Alaska, 1965 Rat Islands, 1957 Andreanof Islands, 2011 Tohoku, 2012 Haida Gwaii, and 2017 Commander Islands earthquakes. It was found that the most powerful event to impact the Bering Sea was the 1960 tsunami generated by the Mw 9.5 Chilean earthquake. According to our numerical simulations, the 1960 earthquake produced tsunami waves with amplitudes up to 192 cm in the sea, while for the next strongest event, the 1952 Kamchatka tsunami, the wave amplitudes were up to 177 cm. The 1964 Great Alaska earthquake (Mw 9.2) did not produce an intense tsunami in the Bering Sea because the lone and narrow southwestern extension of the Alaska Peninsula sheltered the region from incoming tsunami waves. Modeling further shows that, in separate bays, tsunami waves formed by strong distant earthquakes could reach 1‒1.5 m. Results show that the typical attenuation coefficient for the straits of the Aleutian Islands is 0.75, on average, while the corresponding coefficient upon transition from the Bering Sea to the Chukchi Sea through the Bering Strait is ~ 0.25. Based on these estimates, we conclude that tsunami penetration into the Arctic Ocean from remote sources in the Pacific is unlikely. Even for such powerful events as the 1960 Chilean tsunami, the tsunami wave amplitudes in the Chukchi Sea would not exceed a few centimeters.
Using Natural Language Processing to Extract Intelligence for Public Health Crises
Authors: Wang Ye , Willis Erin , Yeruva Vijaya , Ho Duy , Lee Yugyung 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is an awakening call for public health agencies. Digital technologies create a decentralized information environment in which public health agencies must compete for audience attention and win their trust. Trust is a result of inclusiveness of all stakeholders, mutual understanding, and recognition of different perspectives. Thereby, public health agencies should apply two-way communication and cognitive empathy, by listening to local communities. Technology advancement in Artificial Intelligence has made it possible to “listen” to many stakeholders on social media. This study urges a focus on listening at local levels, for example, cities, given the abundance of geo-marked data, and the importance of community-level operations to manage public health crises.Methods: The case study presented combined AI methods with textual analysis and examined 180,128 tweets posted by four cities with large populations of people of color. Results: The findings discovered sentiment around “COVID Vaccines,” “Politics,” “Mitigation Measures,” and “Community/Local Issues” and critical moments of emotional changes.Conclusions: Our major contribution is to explain the motivation and the methods of extracting intelligence for the purpose of enhancing public trust in health agencies during crises.
Early alterations of RNA binding protein (RBP) homeostasis and ER stress-mediated autophagy triggers progressive retinal degeneration in the rd10 mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa (RP)
Authors: Goswami Anand , Yamoah Alfred , Tripathi Priyanka , Guo Haihong , Scheive Leoni , Walter Peter , Johnen Sandra , Müller Frank , Weis Joachim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The retinal degeneration 10 (rd10) mouse model is widely used to study retinitis pigmentosa (RP) pathomechanisms. It offers a rather unique opportunity to study trans-neuronal degeneration because the cell populations in question are separated anatomically and the mutated Pde6b gene is selectively expressed in rod photoreceptors. We hypothesized that RNA binding protein (RBP) aggregation and abnormal autophagy might serve as early pathogenic events, damaging non-photoreceptor retinal cell types that are not primarily targeted by the Pde6b gene defect. Therefore, we specifically aimed to detect silent, yet dynamic, early molecular pathologies which trigger the sequence of neurodegenerative events in the rd10 retina. We found that early, robust increases in levels of the protective endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ buffering chaperone Sigma receptor 1 (SigR1) together with other ER-Ca2+ buffering proteins including calreticulin and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) indicative of Ca2+-induced ER stress were evident in both photoreceptors and non-photoreceptor neuronal cells before any morphologically noticeable photoreceptor degeneration. In line with this, we found markedly altered expression of autophagy proteins, especially, p62 and LC3 together with abnormal ER widening and large autophagic vacuoles as detected by EM. Interestingly, these changes were accompanied by early, prominent cytoplasmic and nuclear aggregation of the key RBPs pTDP-43 of the FET family RBPs FUS, EWRS1, and TAF15. Co-immunolabelling studies with the stress granule (SG) marker Tia1 revealed that RBP aggregation at least in part proceeded through the SG pathway. The fact that cytoplasmic RBP aggregation occurs in non-photoreceptor retinal neuronal cells before the demise of photoreceptors suggests that functional alterations of connectivity may be sufficient to trigger cytoplasmic RBP mislocalization. These findings in rd10 mice might benefit our understanding of the spread of pathology in many age-related progressive neurodegenerative diseases that are characterized by Ca2+ imbalance, autophagy dysregulation, and altered RBP homeostasis.
Usefulness of Tranexamic Acid in Reducing Blood Loss in Obstetrics And Gynecology, A prospective observational study
Authors: Yadav Akanksha , Mahadik Kalpana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Uterine bleeding in reproductive age is due to hormonal causes in 14% of women as a whole which is medically treatable. Hemorrhage is a major killer in Obstetrics. Uterine bleeding is a main cause of modifying health related quality of life in child bearing age group. To avoid major surgical intervention, there is a need for a medical modality which will act quickly and effectively. Here we address outcomes of use of tranexamic acid in mild PPH, abnormal uterine bleeding and threatened abortion. This agent acts by arresting capillary bleeding. Milder category of abnormal uterine bleeding and postpartum bleeding of short duration are areas where there is need for a medical approach. In this study we intended to find effect of various doses and routes of drug in improving blood loss, hemoglobin and hematocrit increase.Methods: One hundred and forty-five gynecology and 40 obstetric patients were recruited in C.R. Gardi Hospital, Ujjain over 20 months in 2017 – 2020 having various types of bleeding pathology. In Gynae pictorial blood loss assessment chart, was used to assess blood loss improvement and visual blood loss assessment by judgment of a gynecologist was used in Obstetrics. Assessing blood loss, hemoglobin and hematocrit; before and after treatment was observed. Doses of 1.5 gm to 10 gm per day of tranexamic acid was used. In PPH 1 gm to 5 gm was used. Results: Sixty-five and 35% women in category ≤ 120 and ≥120 showed improvement in PBAC score respectively. Increase in hemoglobin, hematocrit and reduction in PBAC score (p=0.00) are major findings. No significant difference was found in improvement of hemoglobin in mildly and severely bleeding patients. Average gain in hemoglobin was 0.5gm% and hematocrit of 7.4 in one week. In 33% of PPH patient’s major surgery could be postponed.Conclusion: Improvement in pictorial blood loss assessment chart score in abnormal uterine bleeding patients, improvement in hemoglobin and hematocrit with avoidance of major surgical treatment in mild PPH are major findings of this study.
Inferring time-varying generation time, serial interval and incubation period distributions for COVID-19
Authors: Chen Dongxuan , Lau Yiu-Chung , Xu Xiaoke , Wang Lin , Du Zhanwei , Tsang Tim , Wu Peng , Lau Eric , Wallinga Jacco , Cowling Benjamin , Ali Sheikh Taslim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The generation time distribution, reflecting the time between successive infections in transmission chains, is a key epidemiological parameter for describing COVID-19 transmission dynamics. However, because exact infection times are rarely known, it is often approximated by the serial interval distribution. This approximation holds under the assumption that infectors and infectees share the same incubation period distribution, which may not always be true. We investigated incubation period and serial interval distributions in data on 2989 confirmed cases in China in January-February 2020, and developed an inferential framework to estimate the generation time distribution that accounts for variation over time due to changes in epidemiology, sampling biases and public health and social measures. We identified substantial reductions over time in the serial interval and generation time distributions. Our proposed method provides more reliable estimation of the temporal variation in the generation time distribution, improving assessment of transmission dynamics.