bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of supporting carbons on the gas phase synthesis of octahedral Pt3Ni electrocatalysts with various H2:CO ratios
Authors: Payattikul L. , Intakhuen L. , Kiatsiriroat T. , Punyawudho K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe gas phase synthesis of octahedral Pt3Ni/C electrocatalysts using several carbon substrates (Ketjen black, Graphene, and Vulcan XC-72R) was investigated. Different carbon substrates altered the morphology and alloy of Pt3Ni nanoparticles, with octahedral morphology and alloy metal preferentially developing on Ketjen black and Graphene, while spherical shape and bimetallic metal preferentially developing on Vulcan. Furthermore, the shape was shown to be regulated throughout the reduction process, with the H2:CO ratio playing a crucial role in controlling octahedral morphology and carrying out the ORR activity. At a 1:3 H2:CO ratio, the Pt3Ni/Ketjen black exhibited the highest ORR activity for both mass activity (1.02 A mgPt−1) and specific activity (5.09 mA cm−2) that were 16.5 and 66.1 times larger than commercial Pt/C catalysts, respectively (0.062 A mgPt−1 and 0.077 mA cm−2). The best ORR activity of Pt3Ni onto Graphene and Vulcan XC-72R was exhibited with a 1:1 H2:CO mixture. The catalysts were tested using a 4000-voltage-cycle accelerated durability test, and the Pt3Ni/Ketjen catalyst fared the best in terms of ORR stability and durability.
Blockade of CD47 enhances the antitumor effect of macrophages in renal cell carcinoma through trogocytosis
Authors: Park Ha-Ram , Kim Seong-Eun , Keam Bhumsuk , Chung Hyewon , Seok Seung Hyeok , Kim Soyeon , Kim Miso , Kim Tae Min , Doh Junsang , Kim Dong-Wan , Heo Dae Seog 
Published: July 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR TKIs) are mainstream treatments for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Both T cells and macrophages infiltrate the tumor microenvironment of RCC. CD47, an immune checkpoint of macrophages, transmits the “don’t eat me” signal to macrophages. We propose a novel therapeutic strategy that activates the antitumor effect of macrophages. We found that CD47 was expressed in patients with RCC, and high CD47 expression was indicative of worse overall survival in datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We observed that CD47-blocking antibodies enhanced the antitumor effect of macrophages against human RCC cell lines. Trogocytosis, rather than phagocytosis, occurred and was promoted by increased cell-to-cell contact between macrophages and RCC cells. Trogocytosis induced by CD47 blockade occurred in the presence of CD11b integrin signaling in macrophages and was augmented when RCC cells were exposed to VEGFR TKIs, except for sunitinib. In conclusion, this study presents evidence that anti-CD47 blocking antibodies improve the antitumor effect of macrophages in RCC. In combination with VEGFR TKIs, CD47 blockade is a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with RCC.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and cerebellum
Authors: Kabiljo Renata , Iacoangeli Alfredo , Al-Chalabi Ammar , Rosenzweig Ivana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating, heterogeneous neurodegenerative neuromuscular disease that leads to a fatal outcome within 2–5 years, and yet, a precise nature of the association between its major phenotypes and the cerebellar role in ALS pathology remains unknown. Recently, repeat expansions in several genes in which variants appreciably contribute to cerebellar pathology, including C9orf72, NIPA1, ATXN2 and ATXN1, have been found to confer a significant risk for ALS. To better define this relationship, we performed MAGMA gene-based analysis and tissue enrichment analysis using genome-wide association study summary statistics based on a study of 27,205 people with ALS and 110,881 controls. Our preliminary results imply a striking cerebellar tissue specificity and further support increasing calls for re-evaluation of the cerebellar role in the ALS pathology.
Robust osteogenic efficacy of 2α-heteroarylalkyl vitamin D analogue AH-1 in VDR (R270L) hereditary vitamin D-dependent rickets model rats
Authors: Nishikawa Miyu , Murose Naruhiro , Mano Hiroki , Yasuda Kaori , Isogai Yasuhiro , Kittaka Atsushi , Takano Masashi , Ikushiro Shinichi , Sakaki Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractActive vitamin D form 1α,25-dihydroxtvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) plays pivotal roles in calcium homeostasis and osteogenesis via its transcription regulation effect via binding to vitamin D receptor (VDR). Mutated VDR often causes hereditary vitamin D-dependent rickets (VDDR) type II, and patients with VDDR-II are hardly responsive to physiological doses of 1,25(OH)D3. Current therapeutic approaches, including high doses of oral calcium and supraphysiologic doses of 1,25(OH)2D3, have limited success and fail to improve the quality of life of affected patients. Thus, various vitamin D analogues have been developed as therapeutic options. In our previous study, we generated genetically modified rats with mutated Vdr(R270L), an ortholog of human VDR(R274L) isolated from the patients with VDDR-II. The significant reduced affinity toward 1,25(OH)2D3 of rat Vdr(R270L) enabled us to evaluate biological activities of exogenous VDR ligand without 1α-hydroxy group such as 25(OH)D3. In this study, 2α-[2-(tetrazol-2-yl)ethyl]-1α,25(OH)2D3 (AH-1) exerted much higher affinity for Vdr(R270L) in in vitro ligand binding assay than both 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3. A robust osteogenic activity of AH-1 was observed in Vdr(R270L) rats. Only a 40-fold lower dose of AH-1 than that of 25(OH)D3 was effective in ameliorating rickets symptoms in Vdr(R270L) rats. Therefore, AH-1 may be promising for the therapy of VDDR-II with VDR(R274L).
Antibody CDR amino acids underlying the functionality of antibody repertoires in recognizing diverse protein antigens
Authors: Peng Hung-Pin , Hsu Hung-Ju , Yu Chung-Ming , Hung Fei-Hung , Tung Chao-Ping , Huang Yu-Chuan , Chen Chi-Yung , Tsai Pei-Hsun , Yang An-Suei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAntibodies recognize protein antigens with exquisite specificity in a complex aqueous environment, where interfacial waters are an integral part of the antibody–protein complex interfaces. In this work, we elucidate, with computational analyses, the principles governing the antibodies’ specificity and affinity towards their cognate protein antigens in the presence of explicit interfacial waters. Experimentally, in four model antibody–protein complexes, we compared the contributions of the interaction types in antibody–protein antigen complex interfaces with the antibody variants selected from phage-displayed synthetic antibody libraries. Evidently, the specific interactions involving a subset of aromatic CDR (complementarity determining region) residues largely form the predominant determinant underlying the specificity of the antibody–protein complexes in nature. The interfacial direct/water-mediated hydrogen bonds accompanying the CDR aromatic interactions are optimized locally but contribute little in determining the epitope location. The results provide insights into the phenomenon that natural antibodies with limited sequence and structural variations in an antibody repertoire can recognize seemingly unlimited protein antigens. Our work suggests guidelines in designing functional artificial antibody repertoires with practical applications in developing novel antibody-based therapeutics and diagnostics for treating and preventing human diseases.
Network analysis of preictal iEEG reveals changes in network structure preceding seizure onset
Authors: Sumsky Stefan , Greenfield L. John 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSeizures likely result from aberrant network activity and synchronization. Changes in brain network connectivity may underlie seizure onset. We used a novel method of rapid network model estimation from intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) data to characterize pre-ictal changes in network structure prior to seizure onset. We analyzed iEEG data from 20 patients from the iEEG.org database. Using 10 s epochs sliding by 1 s intervals, a multiple input, single output (MISO) state space model was estimated for each output channel and time point with all other channels as inputs, generating sequential directed network graphs of channel connectivity. These networks were assessed using degree and betweenness centrality. Both degree and betweenness increased at seizure onset zone (SOZ) channels 37.0 ± 2.8 s before seizure onset. Degree rose in all channels 8.2 ± 2.2 s prior to seizure onset, with increasing connections between the SOZ and surrounding channels. Interictal networks showed low and stable connectivity. A novel MISO model-based network estimation method identified changes in brain network structure just prior to seizure onset. Increased connectivity was initially isolated within the SOZ and spread to non-SOZ channels before electrographic seizure onset. Such models could help confirm localization of SOZ regions.
Synthesis of diverse spiro-imidazo pyridine-indene derivatives via acid-promoted annulation reaction of bindone and heterocyclic ketene aminals
Authors: Nasri Shima , Bayat Mohammad , Miankooshki Fatemeh Rostami 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA new multi-component reaction for the synthesis of novel and diverse spiro-imidazo pyridine-indene derivatives named spiro[imidazo[1,2-a]indeno[2,1-e]pyridine-5,1′-indene and indenylidene-1H-spiro[imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-7,1′-indene was successfully developed by the reaction between heterocyclic ketene aminals (generated from 1,1-bis(methylthio)-2-nitro ethylene and diamine) and [1,2′-biindenylidene]-1′,3,3′-trione (bindone) (in situ generated from self-condensation of 1,3-indandion) by using malononitrile as a promoter or as one of the precursors respectively in the presence of p-TSA as the acid catalyst in EtOH as reaction medium under reflux conditions. Depending on whether the reaction is single-step or two-step, malononitrile can act as a promoter or reactant. The convenient one-pot operation, straightforward isolation without using additional purification methods, and the use of a variety of diamines and cysteamine hydrochloride causing a variety of structural products are attractive aspects of the present approach. The synthesized bindone and final product contains active methylene and this active site can be involved in further reactions to synthesize more complex heterocycles.
Age estimation from sleep studies using deep learning predicts life expectancy
Authors: Brink-Kjaer Andreas , Leary Eileen B. , Sun Haoqi , Westover M. Brandon , Stone Katie L. , Peppard Paul E. , Lane Nancy E. , Cawthon Peggy M. , Redline Susan , Jennum Poul , Sorensen Helge B. D. , Mignot Emmanuel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSleep disturbances increase with age and are predictors of mortality. Here, we present deep neural networks that estimate age and mortality risk through polysomnograms (PSGs). Aging was modeled using 2500 PSGs and tested in 10,699 PSGs from men and women in seven different cohorts aged between 20 and 90. Ages were estimated with a mean absolute error of 5.8 ± 1.6 years, while basic sleep scoring measures had an error of 14.9 ± 6.29 years. After controlling for demographics, sleep, and health covariates, each 10-year increment in age estimate error (AEE) was associated with increased all-cause mortality rate of 29% (95% confidence interval: 20–39%). An increase from −10 to +10 years in AEE translates to an estimated decreased life expectancy of 8.7 years (95% confidence interval: 6.1–11.4 years). Greater AEE was mostly reflected in increased sleep fragmentation, suggesting this is an important biomarker of future health independent of sleep apnea.
Unleashing the potential of digital pathology data by training computer-aided diagnosis models without human annotations
Authors: Marini Niccolò , Marchesin Stefano , Otálora Sebastian , Wodzinski Marek , Caputo Alessandro , van Rijthoven Mart , Aswolinskiy Witali , Bokhorst John-Melle , Podareanu Damian , Petters Edyta , Boytcheva Svetla , Buttafuoco Genziana , Vatrano Simona , Fraggetta Filippo , van der Laak Jeroen , Agosti Maristella , Ciompi Francesco , Silvello Gianmaria , Muller Henning , Atzori Manfredo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe digitalization of clinical workflows and the increasing performance of deep learning algorithms are paving the way towards new methods for tackling cancer diagnosis. However, the availability of medical specialists to annotate digitized images and free-text diagnostic reports does not scale with the need for large datasets required to train robust computer-aided diagnosis methods that can target the high variability of clinical cases and data produced. This work proposes and evaluates an approach to eliminate the need for manual annotations to train computer-aided diagnosis tools in digital pathology. The approach includes two components, to automatically extract semantically meaningful concepts from diagnostic reports and use them as weak labels to train convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for histopathology diagnosis. The approach is trained (through 10-fold cross-validation) on 3’769 clinical images and reports, provided by two hospitals and tested on over 11’000 images from private and publicly available datasets. The CNN, trained with automatically generated labels, is compared with the same architecture trained with manual labels. Results show that combining text analysis and end-to-end deep neural networks allows building computer-aided diagnosis tools that reach solid performance (micro-accuracy = 0.908 at image-level) based only on existing clinical data without the need for manual annotations.
Visuo-thermal congruency modulates the sense of body ownership
Authors: Crucianelli Laura , Ehrsson H. Henrik 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThermosensation has been redefined as an interoceptive modality that provides information about the homeostatic state of the body. However, the contribution of thermosensory signals to the sense of body ownership remains unclear. Across two rubber hand illusion (RHI) experiments (N = 73), we manipulated the visuo-thermal congruency between the felt and seen temperature, on the real and rubber hand respectively. We measured the subjectively experienced RHI, the perceived hand location and temperature of touch, and monitored skin temperature. We found that visuo-thermal incongruencies between the seen and felt touch reduced the subjective and behavioural RHI experience (Experiment 1). Visuo-thermal incongruencies also gave rise to a visuo-thermal illusion effect, but only when the rubber hand was placed in a plausible position (Experiment 2) and when considering individual differences in interoceptive sensibility. Thus, thermosensation contributes to the sense of body ownership by a mechanism of dynamic integration of visual and thermosensory signals.
Immunometabolic and potential tumor-promoting changes in 3D cervical cell models infected with bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria
Authors: Maarsingh Jason D. , Łaniewski Paweł , Herbst-Kralovetz Melissa M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpecific bacteria of the human microbiome influence carcinogenesis at diverse anatomical sites. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal disorder in premenopausal women that is associated with gynecologic sequelae, including cervical cancer. BV-associated microorganisms, such as Fusobacterium, Lancefieldella, Peptoniphilus, and Porphyromonas have been associated with gynecologic and other cancers, though the pro-oncogenic mechanisms employed by these bacteria are poorly understood. Here, we integrated a multi-omics approach with our three-dimensional (3-D) cervical epithelial cell culture model to investigate how understudied BV-associated bacteria linked to gynecologic neoplasia influence hallmarks of cancer in vitro. Lancefieldella parvulum and Peptoniphilus lacrimalis elicited robust proinflammatory responses in 3-D cervical cells. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Fusobacterium gonidiaformans modulated metabolic hallmarks of cancer corresponding to accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutarate, pro-inflammatory lipids, and signs of oxidative stress and genotoxic hydrogen sulfide. This study provides mechanistic insights into how gynecologic cancer-associated bacteria might facilitate a tumor-promoting microenvironment in the human cervix.
NUPR1 protects against hyperPARylation-dependent cell death
Authors: Santofimia-Castaño Patricia , Huang Can , Liu Xi , Xia Yi , Audebert Stephane , Camoin Luc , Peng Ling , Lomberk Gwen , Urrutia Raul , Soubeyran Philippe , Neira Jose Luis , Iovanna Juan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProteomic, cellular and biochemical analysis of the stress protein NUPR1 reveals that it binds to PARP1 into the nucleus and inhibits PARP1 activity in vitro. Mutations on residues Ala33 or Thr68 of NUPR1 or treatment with its inhibitor ZZW-115 inhibits this effect. PARylation induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment is strongly enhanced by ZZW-115 and associated with a decrease of NAD+/NADH ratio and rescued by the PARP inhibitor olaparib. Cell death induced by ZZW-115 treatment of pancreas cancer-derived cells is rescued by olaparib and improved with PARG inhibitor PDD00017273. The mitochondrial catastrophe induced by ZZW-115 treatment or by genetic inactivation of NUPR1 is associated to a hyperPARylation of the mitochondria, disorganization of the mitochondrial network, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, and with increase of superoxide production, intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytosolic levels of Ca2+. These features are rescued by olaparib or NAD+ precursor nicotinamide mononucleotide in a dose-dependent manner and partially by antioxidants treatments. In conclusion, inactivation of NUPR1 induces a hyperPARylation, which in turn, induces a mitochondrial catastrophe and consequently a cell death through a non-canonical Parthanatos, since apoptosis inducing-factor (AIF) is not translocated out of the mitochondria.
Upregulation of OASIS/CREB3L1 in podocytes contributes to the disturbance of kidney homeostasis
Authors: Miyake Yoshiaki , Obana Masanori , Yamamoto Ayaha , Noda Shunsuke , Tanaka Koki , Sakai Hibiki , Tatsumoto Narihito , Makino Chihiro , Kanemoto Soshi , Shioi Go , Tanaka Shota , Maeda Makiko , Okada Yoshiaki , Imaizumi Kazunori , Asanuma Katsuhiko , Fujio Yasushi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPodocyte injury is involved in the onset and progression of various kidney diseases. We previously demonstrated that the transcription factor, old astrocyte specifically induced substance (OASIS) in myofibroblasts, contributes to kidney fibrosis, as a novel role of OASIS in the kidneys. Importantly, we found that OASIS is also expressed in podocytes; however, the pathophysiological significance of OASIS in podocytes remains unknown. Upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, there is an increase in OASIS in murine podocytes. Enhanced serum creatinine levels and tubular injury, but not albuminuria and podocyte injury, are attenuated upon podocyte-restricted OASIS knockout in LPS-treated mice, as well as diabetic mice. The protective effects of podocyte-specific OASIS deficiency on tubular injury are mediated by protein kinase C iota (PRKCI/PKCι), which is negatively regulated by OASIS in podocytes. Furthermore, podocyte-restricted OASIS transgenic mice show tubular injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, with severe albuminuria and podocyte degeneration. Finally, there is an increase in OASIS-positive podocytes in the glomeruli of patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome and diabetic nephropathy. Taken together, OASIS in podocytes contributes to podocyte and/or tubular injury, in part through decreased PRKCI. The induction of OASIS in podocytes is a critical event for the disturbance of kidney homeostasis.
Topological surface superconductivity in FeSe0.45Te0.55
Authors: Mascot Eric , Cocklin Sagen , Graham Martin , Mashkoori Mahdi , Rachel Stephan , Morr Dirk K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe engineering of Majorana zero modes in topological superconductors, a paradigm for the realization of topological quantum computing and topology-based devices, has been hampered by the absence of materials with sufficiently large superconducting gaps. Recent experiments, however, have provided enthralling evidence for the existence of topological surface superconductivity in the iron-based superconductor FeSe0.45Te0.55 possessing a full s±-wave gap of a few meV. Here, we propose a mechanism for the emergence of topological superconductivity on the surface of FeSe0.45Te0.55 by demonstrating that the interplay between the s±-wave symmetry of the superconducting gap, surface magnetism, and a Rashba spin–orbit interaction gives rise to robust topological superconducting phases. Moreover, the proposed mechanism explains a series of experimentally observed hallmarks of topological superconductivity, such as the emergence of Majorana zero modes in the center of vortex cores and at the end of line defects, as well as of chiral Majorana edge modes along domain walls. We also propose that the spatial distribution of supercurrents near a domain wall is a characteristic signature measurable via a scanning superconducting quantum interference device that can distinguish between chiral Majorana edge modes and trivial in-gap states.
Dual-strategy biosensing of glucose based on multifunctional CuWO4 nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Yu , Li Shuang , Liu Hongyuan , Shi Feng , Li Juan , Hu Xiaoya , Yang Zhanjun 
Published: July 2022

The multifunctional CuWO4 NPs were prepared and exhibit large specific surface area, good conductivity and excellent peroxidase-like activity, which was exploited for electrochemical and colorimetric dual-strategy biosensing of glucose.
A ferroptosis-related gene signature for overall survival prediction and immune infiltration in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Miao Ti-wei , Yang De-qing , Chen Fang-ying , Zhu Qi , Chen Xin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground: Ferroptosis is associated with cancer initiation and progression. However, the molecular mechanism and prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) are poorly understood.Methods: The mRNA expression profiles, methylation data, and clinical information of patients with LUSC were downloaded from TCGA and GEO database. Ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues, and their prognostic value was systemically investigated by bioinformatic analyses.Results: A ferroptosis-related gene signature (ALOX5, TFRC, PHKG2, FADS2, NOX1) was constructed using multivariate Cox regression analysis and represented as a risk score. Overall survival (OS) probability was significantly lower in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group (P&lt;0.001), and receiver operating characteristic curve showed a good predictive capacity (AUC = 0.739). The risk score was an independent prognostic factor for LUSC. A nomogram was constructed to predict the OS probabilities at 1, 3, and 5 years. High-risk score was associated with increased immune infiltration, lower methylation levels, higher immune checkpoint genes expression levels, and better chemotherapy response. Cell adhesion molecules, focal adhesion, and extracellular matrix receptor interaction were the main pathways in the high-risk group. The signature was validated using the TCGA test cohort, entire TCGA cohort, GSE30219, GSE157010, GSE73403, and GSE4573 datasets. The gene disorders in patients with LUSC were validated using real-time PCR and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis.Conclusions: A ferroptosis-related gene signature was constructed to predict OS probability in LUSC. This could facilitate novel therapeutic methods and guide individualized therapy.