bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A health economics study of long-acting injectable once-monthly paliperidone palmitate in schizophrenia: a one-year mirror-image study in China
Authors: Liu Jie , Wang Qian , Su Lei , Yang Limin , Zou Lianyong , Bai Ludong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSchizophrenia is ranked among the top 25 leading causes of disability worldwide in 2013 which resulting in social and economic burden. By observing patients with schizophrenia one year before and after switching from oral antipsychotics (OAPs) to once-monthly paliperidone palmitate (PP1M), we can better understand the change of total costs in schizophrenic patients, including direct costs and indirect costs, after switching treatment patterns.A total of 100 schizophrenic (ICD-10) patients from Shandong Mental Health Center were collected from December 2016 to June 2019. Treatment modalities, health care resource utilization and costs were compared before and after switching directly from oral antipsychotics to PP1M.Of the 82 patients included in the main analyses, treatment with PP1M resulted in an increase in direct costs of 31.92% (P < 0.01), an increase in medicine costs of approximately 142% (P < 0.01), and a reduction in hospital costs of 68.15% (P > 0.05). There was no significant increase in total costs (P = 0.25), while 31.92% increase in direct costs (P < 0.01), and 35.62% decrease in indirect costs (P < 0.01) after conversion to PP1M. Compared with before administration of PP1M, patients with ≥ 1 inpatient stay in 1 year Pre-PP1M treatment with OAPs (n = 32) had a 20.16% decrease in direct costs (P < 0.01), a 144% increase in medicine costs (P < 0.01), and a significant 72.02% decrease in hospital costs (P < 0.01). The observed reduction in the number of hospitalizations (t = 2.56, P ≤ 0.01) and inpatient stays (t = 1.73, P < 0.05) and after transition to PP1M resulted in a reduction in hospitalization costs (P < 0.01).Switching from OAPs to PP1M decreased the household workforce burden without increasing clinical healthcare costs. Direct costs were significantly reduced in patients with ≥ 1 inpatient stay in 1 year pre-PP1M treatment with OAPs after the switch, which decreased by improving adherence to therapy and reducing the number and length of hospital stays, suggesting that those patients may benefit after switching to PP1M.
Exploring treatment adherence in long-term sick-listed workers and the impact of coping strategies, illness perceptions and perceived health
Authors: Hoekstra Tialda , Wilming Loes , Sjobbema Christiaan , Brouwer Sandra 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Treatment adherence is important to improve return to work in sick-listed workers. Especially in long-term sick-listed workers who apply for a disability benefit and therefore have not (fully) returned to work, it is of great value to gain insight in the adherence to advice of physicians. Non-adherence could be one of the main reasons why they have not returned to work and are sick-listed for a long-term. The aim of the study is to explore treatment adherence and possible associated factors to advice from medical and occupational health physicians in long-term sick-listed workers.

Methods
The study is a cross-sectional survey study among 561 long-term (partly) sick-listed workers applying for a disability benefit. Associations of sociodemographic characteristics, disease related factors, coping strategies (Utrecht Coping List, UCL), illness perception (Illness Cognition Questionnaire, ICQ) and perceived health (Short-Form 12, SF12) with treatment adherence (measured with the Medical Outcomes Study Measures of Patient Adherence, MOS-MPA) were analysed separately for adherence to medical advice (n = 348, mean age 51.3 ± 9.1 years, 55.9% female) and adherence to occupational advice (n = 229, mean age 50.4 ± 9.5 years, 54.1% female).

Results
Among participants, 63.3% to 76.4% reported they were able to do what the physician told them to do. However, about half of the participants found it easy to follow-up and implement the suggestions of the physician (54.3% for medical advice and 50.2% for occupational advice). Having a mental health disorder was negatively associated with adherence to medical advice. An active coping strategy, acceptance of the disease, and perceiving positive long-term consequences of the disease were associated with a higher adherence, whereas focusing on the negative consequences was associated with a lower adherence, both for medical and occupational advice.

Conclusions
The tendency to adhere to medical and occupational advice in long-term sick-listed workers is relatively low. In order to increase return to work in this population, medical and occupational health physicians should especially be aware of the adherence of sick-listed workers with mental health disorders, but also on those who focus on the negative consequences of their (physical or mental health) disorder.
The effects of involvement in training and volunteering with families of people with dementia on the knowledge and attitudes of volunteers towards dementia
Authors: Cheung Daphne Sze Ki , Ho Lily Yuen Wah , Kwok Robin Ka Ho , Lai Daniel Lok Lam , Lai Claudia Kam Yuk 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background

Volunteers have been a valuable resource in supporting people with dementia and their caregivers in the community. However, factors such as misconceptions, negative attitudes towards dementia, and a lack of motivation might impact the quality of volunteer care. The present paper aims to examine the effect of training and service provision on the knowledge and attitudes of volunteers towards dementia and the association between knowledge and attitudes with the levels of motivation to volunteer.

Methods
The present study is part of an effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized clinical hybrid trial using a music-with-movement intervention to promote the well-being of people with dementia and their informal caregivers. Volunteers were recruited to receive training to support the delivery of the intervention. Training and enrichment workshops were offered to volunteers during the one-year project. Before and after their training and service, the recruited volunteers were asked to complete the following assessments: Dementia Attitudes Scale, and the Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale. The levels of motivation to volunteer was measured with Volunteer Functions Inventory at baseline. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and multiple regression test were applied for statistical analyses.

Results
A total of 107 volunteers were recruited, and 81 of them completed a mean period of 47.32 weeks of training and service. Significant improvements in their total score on the Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (p = .009) and Dementia Attitudes Scale (p < .001) were found. Dementia attitude (β = .57, p < .001) and knowledge (β = -.18, p = .038) were found to have the most significant association with the levels of motivation to be a volunteer at baseline.

Conclusions
The present study illustrated the importance of quality volunteer training and voluntary service in improving the dementia knowledge and attitudes of volunteers. It also shed light on the association between knowledge and attitudes with the levels of motivation to volunteer. Accordingly, future research and public health policymakers should address more efforts to amplify the advantage of volunteers as a vital asset in dementia care.

Trial registration
NCT03575026 (ClinicalTrials.gov), First registration on 02/07/2018.
Acceptability and feasibility of video-based coaching to enhance clinicians’ communication skills with patients
Authors: Freytag Jennifer , Chu Jinna , Hysong Sylvia J. , Street Richard L. , Markham Christine M. , Giordano Thomas P. , Westbrook Robert A. , Njue-Marendes Sarah , Johnson Syundai R. , Dang Bich N. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite a growing call to train clinicians in interpersonal communication skills, communication training is either not offered or is minimally effective, if at all. A critical need exists to develop new ways of teaching communication skills that are effective and mindful of clinician time pressures. We propose a program that includes real-time observation and video-based coaching to teach clinician communication skills. In this study, we assess acceptability and feasibility of the program using clinician interviews and surveys.

Methods
The video-based coaching intervention targets five patient-centered communication behaviors. It uses trained communication coaches and live feed technology to provide coaching that is brief (less than 15 min), timely (same day) and theory-informed. Two coaches were trained to set up webcams and observe live video feeds of clinician visits in rooms nearby. As coaches watched and recorded the visit, they time stamped illustrative clips in real time. Video clips were a critical element of the program. During feedback sessions, coaches used video clips to promote discussion and self-reflection. They also used role play and guided practice techniques to enforce new tips. Clinicians included residents (n = 15), fellows (n = 4), attending physicians (n = 3), and a nurse practitioner (n = 1) at two primary care clinics in Houston, Texas. We administered surveys to clinicians participating in the program. The survey included questions on quality and delivery of feedback, and credibility of the coaches. We also interviewed clinicians following the intervention. We used rapid analysis to identify themes within the interviews.

Results
Survey measures showed high feasibility and acceptability ratings from clinicians, with mean item scores ranging from 6.4 to 6.8 out of 7 points. Qualitative analysis revealed that clinicians found that 1) coaches were credible and supportive, 2) feedback was useful, 3) video-clips allowed for self-reflection, 4) getting feedback on the same day was useful, and 5) use of real patients preferred over standardized patients.

Conclusions
Video-based coaching can help clinicians learn new communication skills in a way that is clinician-centered, brief and timely. Our study demonstrates that real-time coaching using live feed and video technology is an acceptable and feasible way of teaching communication skills.
The role of urgent care centers in headache management: a quality improvement project
Authors: Minen Mia T. , Khanns Dennique , Guiracocha Jenny , Ehrlich Annika , Khan Fawad A. , Ali Ashhar S. , Birlea Marius , Singh Niranjan N. , Peretz Addie , Larry Charleston I. V. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients with headache often seek urgent medical care to treat pain and associated symptoms that do not respond to therapeutic options at home. Urgent Cares (UCs) may be suitable for the evaluation and treatment of such patients but there is little data on how headache is evaluated in UC settings and what types of treatments are available. We conducted a study to evaluate the types of care available for patients with headache presenting to UCs.

Design
Cross-Sectional.

Methods
Headache specialists across the United States contacted UCs to collect data on a questionnaire. Questions asked about UC staffing (e.g. number and backgrounds of staff, hours of operation), average length of UC visits for headache, treatments and tests available for patients presenting with headache, and disposition including to the ED.

Results
Data from 10 UC programs comprised of 61 individual UC sites revealed: The vast majority (8/10; 80%) had diagnostic testing onsite for headache evaluation. A small majority (6/10; 60%) had the American Headache Society recommended intravenous medications for acute migraine available. Half (5/10) had a headache protocol in place. The majority (6/10; 60%) had no follow up policy after UC discharge.

Conclusions
UCs have the potential to provide expedited care for patients presenting for evaluation and treatment of headache. However, considerable variability exists amongst UCs in their abilities to manage headaches. This study reveals many opportunities for future research including the development of protocols and professional partnerships to help guide the evaluation, triage, and treatment of patients with headache in UC settings.
Upregulation of NOD1 and NOD2 contribute to cancer progression through the positive regulation of tumorigenicity and metastasis in human squamous cervical cancer
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Ning , Yuan Guangwen , Yao Hongwen , Zhang Die , Li Nan , Zhang Gongyi , Sun Yangchun , Wang Wenpeng , Zeng Jia , Xu Ningzhi , Liu Mei , Wu Lingying 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Metastatic cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) has poor prognosis and is recalcitrant to the current treatment strategies, which warrants the necessity to identify novel prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Given that CSCC is a virus-induced malignancy, we hypothesized that the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) involved in the innate immune response likely play a critical role in tumor development.

Methods
A bioinformatics analysis, qPCR, IHC, immunofluorescence, and WB were performed to determine the expression of NOD1/NOD2. The biological characteristics of overexpression NOD1 or NOD2 CSCC cells were compared to parental cells: proliferation, migration/invasion and cytokines secretion were examined in vitro through CCK8/colony formation/cell cycle profiling/cell counting, wound healing/transwell, and ELISA assays, respectively. The proliferative and metastatic capacity of overexpression NOD1 or NOD2 CSCC cells were also evaluated in vivo. FCM, mRNA and protein arrays, ELISA, and WB were used to identify the mechanisms involved, while novel pharmacological treatment were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Quantitative variables between two groups were compared by Student’s t test (normal distribution) or Mann-Whitney U test (non-normal distribution), and one-way or two-way ANOVA was used for comparing multiple groups. Pearson χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare qualitative variables. Survival curves were plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. P values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results
NOD1 was highly expressed in CSCC with lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI, P < 0.01) and lymph node metastasis (LM, P < 0.01) and related to worse overall survival (OS, P = 0.016). In vitro and in vivo functional assays revealed that the upregulation of NOD1 or NOD2 in CSCC cells promoted proliferation, invasion, and migration. Mechanistically, NOD1 and NOD2 exerted their oncogenic effects by activating NF-κb and ERK signaling pathways and enhancing IL-8 secretion. Inhibition of the IL-8 receptor partially abrogated the effects of NOD1/2 on CSCC cells.

Conclusions
NOD1/2-NF-κb/ERK and IL-8 axis may be involved in the progression of CSCC; the NOD1 significantly enhanced the progression of proliferation and metastasis, which leads to a poor prognosis. Anti-IL-8 was identified as a potential therapeutic target for patients with NOD1high tumor.
As a prognostic biomarker of clear cell renal cell carcinoma RUFY4 predicts immunotherapy responsiveness in a PDL1-related manner
Authors: Miao Daojia , Shi Jian , Xiong Zhiyong , Xiao Wen , Meng Xiangui , Lv Qingyang , Xie Kairu , Yang Hongmei , Zhang Xiaoping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies in the urinary system and the existing immunotherapy has not achieved satisfactory outcomes. Therefore, this study aims at establishing a novel gene signature for immune infiltration and clinical outcome (overall survival and immunotherapy responsiveness) in ccRCC patients.MethodsBased on RNA sequencing data and clinical information in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we calculated proportions of immune cells in 611 samples using an online tool CIBERSORTx. Multivariate survival analysis was conducted to determine crucial survival-associated immune cells and immune-infiltration-related genes (IIRGs). Next, the clinical specimens and common renal cancer cell lines were applied to confirm IIRGs expression at protein and RNA levels. Finally, functional enrichment analyses and siRNA technology targeted toRUFY4were implemented to verify its function of predicting immunotherapy response.ResultsFollicular helper T cells (TFHs) and Regulatory T cells (Tregs) were highly infiltrated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and their relative proportions were independent prognostic factors for patients. Among IIRGs of TFHs and TREGs,RUFY4was found to be highly activated in tumor microenvironment and its co-expression network was enriched inPDL1/PD1checkpoint pathway in cancer. Additionally, knockdown ofRUFY4led to the decline ofPDL1and proliferation ability in ccRCC cell lines.ConclusionTFHs and Tregs were considered as prognostic biomarkers andRUFY4was an immunotherapeutic predictor of ccRCC patients in aPDL1-Related manner.
Cross-sectional study of asymptomatic malaria and seroepidemiological surveillance of seven districts in Gia Lai province, Vietnam
Authors: San Nguyen Ngoc , Kien Nguyen Xuan , Manh Nguyen Duc , Van Thanh Nguyen , Chavchich Marina , Binh Nguyen Thi Huong , Long Tran Khanh , Edgel Kimberly A. , Rovira-Vallbona Eduard , Edstein Michael D. , Martin Nicholas J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Malaria elimination by 2030 is an aim of many countries in the Greater Mekong Sub-region, including Vietnam. However, to achieve this goal and accelerate towards malaria elimination, countries need to determine the extent and prevalence of asymptomatic malaria as a potential reservoir for malaria transmission and the intensity of malaria transmission. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and seropositivity rate in several districts of Gia Lai province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey of asymptomatic malaria and serological testing was conducted in 3283 people living at 14 communes across seven districts in Gia Lai province in December 2016 to January 2017. Finger prick capillary blood samples were tested for malaria using rapid diagnostic testing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as well as detecting antibodies against 3 Plasmodium falciparum and 4 Plasmodium vivax antigens by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Age-seroprevalence curves were fitted using reverse catalytic models with maximum likelihood.

Results
The study population was predominantly male (65.9%, 2165/3283), adults (88.7%, 2911/3283) and of a minority ethnicity (72.2%, 2371/3283), with most participants being farmers and outdoor government workers (90.2%, 2960/3283). Using a small volume of blood (≈ 10 µL) the PCR assay revealed that 1.74% (57/3283) of the participants had asymptomatic malaria (P. falciparum 1.07%, P. vivax 0.40%, Plasmodium malariae 0.15% and mixed infections 0.12%). In contrast, the annual malaria prevalence rates for clinical malaria in the communities where the participants lived were 0.12% (108/90,395) in 2016 and 0.22% (201/93,184) in 2017. Seropositivity for at least one P. falciparum or one P. vivax antigen was 38.5% (1257/3262) and 31.1% (1022/3282), respectively. Age-dependent trends in the proportion of seropositive individuals in five of the districts discriminated the three districts with sustained low malaria prevalence from the two districts with higher transmission.

Conclusions
Asymptomatic Plasmodium carriers were found to be substantially more prevalent than clinical cases in seven districts of Gia Lai province, and a third of the population had serological evidence of previous malaria exposure. The findings add knowledge on the extent of asymptomatic malaria and transmission for developing malaria elimination strategies for Vietnam.
Glioma targeted therapy: insight into future of molecular approaches
Authors: Yang Keyang , Wu Zhijing , Zhang Hao , Zhang Nan , Wu Wantao , Wang Zeyu , Dai Ziyu , Zhang Xun , Zhang Liyang , Peng Yun , Ye Weijie , Zeng Wenjing , Liu Zhixiong , Cheng Quan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGliomas are the common type of brain tumors originating from glial cells. Epidemiologically, gliomas occur among all ages, more often seen in adults, which males are more susceptible than females. According to the fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (WHO CNS5), standard of care and prognosis of gliomas can be dramatically different. Generally, circumscribed gliomas are usually benign and recommended to early complete resection, with chemotherapy if necessary. Diffuse gliomas and other high-grade gliomas according to their molecule subtype are slightly intractable, with necessity of chemotherapy. However, for glioblastoma, feasible resection followed by radiotherapy plus temozolomide chemotherapy define the current standard of care. Here, we discuss novel feasible or potential targets for treatment of gliomas, especially IDH-wild type glioblastoma. Classic targets such as the p53 and retinoblastoma (RB) pathway and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene alteration have met failure due to complex regulatory network. There is ever-increasing interest in immunotherapy (immune checkpoint molecule, tumor associated macrophage, dendritic cell vaccine, CAR-T), tumor microenvironment, and combination of several efficacious methods. With many targeted therapy options emerging, biomarkers guiding the prescription of a particular targeted therapy are also attractive. More pre-clinical and clinical trials are urgently needed to explore and evaluate the feasibility of targeted therapy with the corresponding biomarkers for effective personalized treatment options.
Describing implementation outcomes for a virtual community of practice: The ECHO Ontario Mental Health experience
Authors: Serhal Eva , Pereira Cheryl , Armata Rosaria , Hardy Jenny , Sockalingam Sanjeev , Crawford Allison 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Project ECHO is a virtual education model aimed at building capacity among healthcare providers to support optimal management for a range of health conditions. The expansion of the ECHO model, further amplified by the pandemic, has demonstrated an increased need to evaluate implementation success to ensure that interventions are implemented as planned. This study describes how Proctor et al.’s implementation outcomes (acceptability, adoption, appropriateness, costs, feasibility, fidelity, penetration, and sustainability) were adapted and used to assess the implementation of ECHO Ontario Mental Health (ECHO-ONMH), a mental health-focused capacity-building programme.

Methods
Using Proctor et al.’s implementation outcomes, the authors developed an implementation outcomes framework for ECHO-ONMH more generally. Using this, outcome measures and success thresholds were identified for each outcome for the ECHO-ONMH context, and then applied to evaluate the implementation of ECHO-ONMH using data from the first 4 years of the programme.

Results
An ECHO-ONMH implementation outcomes framework was developed using Proctor’s implementation outcomes. ECHO-ONMH adapted implementation outcomes suggest that ECHO-ONMH was implemented successfully in all domains except for penetration, which only had participation from 13/14 regions. Acceptability, appropriateness and adoption success thresholds were surpassed for all 4 years, showing strong signs of sustainability. The programme was deemed feasible all 4 years and was found to be more cost-effective. ECHO-ONMH also showed high rates of fidelity to the ECHO model, and high rates of penetration.

Conclusions
This is the first study to use Proctor et al.’s implementation outcomes to describe implementation success for a virtual capacity-building model. The proposed ECHO implementation outcomes framework provides a base for similar interventions to evaluate implementation success, which is an important precursor to understanding learning, service or health outcomes related to the model. Additionally, these findings can act as a benchmark for other international ECHOs and educational programmes.