bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coatings of Powders Based on Iron Aluminides
Authors: Ilyuschenko A.P. , Talako T.L. , Beliaev A.V. , Letsko A.I. , Formanek B. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Iron aluminides show great potential for use in high-temperature oxygen and sulfur environments, but the intermetallic phases of the Fe-Al system tend to be brittle. This paper describes a powder making process in which FeAl phases are reinforced with inclusions from other intermetallic phases that arrest cracks and prevent them from spreading. Thermally sprayed coatings produced from these SHS powders are analyzed with regard to their composition and structure. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Die Welt des thermischen Spritzens – Anwendungsbeispiele aus der Praxis (The World of Thermal Spraying – Some Practical Applications)
Authors: Wewel M. , Langer G. , Wasserman C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper provides a sampling of current and emerging applications for thermal spraying both in manufacturing and in equipment repair. As the examples show, thermal spraying is making an impact in many areas of industry, including automotive, aviation, biomedical, energy, printing, pulp and paper, and textiles, as well as in military and defense. Paper text in German.
Optimisation of the Robot Controlled Plasma Spraying of Thermal Barrier Coating for Gas Turbine Transition Duct
Authors: Ahmaniemi S. , Vuoristo P. , Mäntylä T. , Latokartano J. , Salonen I. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper demonstrates the use of an articulated robot in a plasma spraying operation for gas turbine transition ducts. A 3D model of the coating cell and workpiece plays a key role in the application, facilitating off-line programming and the verification of process parameters prior to spraying. In the spray experiments, a YSZ coating was applied to a NiCr bondcoat and subsequently characterized based on microstructure and hardness. The results were then used to set the injection parameters and travel path for the actual component. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Thermally Sprayed Ceramic Coatings on Flexible Fiber Woven Fabrics
Authors: Niessen K.v. , Gadow R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, aramid and mullite light fiber fabrics are coated with different ceramics by atmospheric plasma spraying. To check the suitability of the process for as many technical applications as possible, different ceramic materials are used and multilayer coatings are produced as well. Test results for bioinert and biocatalytic materials, such as titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide, and bioactive hydroxyapatite show that the concept has good potential for a range of biomedical applications. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Modern Gas Supply Systems for Thermal Spraying
Authors: Rickfält C. , Krömmer W. , Heinrich P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper discusses the gases used in different thermal spraying processes and the factors that determine purity requirements, consumption rates, and working temperature and pressure. It explains how process gases are supplied to and distributed within manufacturing facilities and how gas-handling systems and related equipment are tested for operational suitability and safety. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Observation of Microstructure in Thermal Barrier Coatings Prepared by Laser Hybrid Spraying Process Using Fluorescent Dye Infiltration Technique
Authors: Chwa S.O. , Ohmori A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Laser post-treatments and plasma-laser hybrid spraying processes are increasingly being used to extend the service life of thermal barrier coatings by making them more resistant to thermal shock. Studies show that laser-induced cracking plays a major role in the improvements achieved. The investigation of such modified layers can be difficult, however, because the stresses associated with metallographic procedures can alter the structural features of segmented microcracks and damage the specimen. In this research, laser treated and laser hybrid sprayed thermal barrier coatings are vacuum impregnated with fluorescent epoxy resins in order to study their microstructure and its relationship with thermal shock resistance. All relevant processes are described along with crack formation behaviors. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Characterization of Laser Formed Superalloys
Authors: Mahapatra S.K. , Khanna A.S. , Gasser A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This work investigates the effect of processing parameters on the microstructure and composition of Ni-base alloys produced by laser forming, an additive technique also known as direct metal deposition. The parameters assessed in the study include powder flow rate, traverse speed, laser power, and spot size. In all experiments, a melt pool diameter of 0.3 mm was maintained. The results show that laser formed alloys are similar in structure to conventional wrought alloys with additional peaks formed as a result of the oxidation of active alloying elements. The complex compounds observed on the surface of the laser formed samples disappeared after polishing. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Verschleiß- und Korrosionsschutz bei Leichtmetallen mittels schweißtechnischer Verfahren (Wear and Corrosion Prevention for Light Metals by Means of Welding Methods)
Authors: Gebert A. , Wocilka D. , Bouaifi B. , Schütz M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The aim of this investigation is to increase the corrosion and wear resistance of magnesium (Mg) alloys. This paper explains how various coatings applied via plasma powder (PTA) and laser deposition welding processes affect the wear properties of two Mg alloys. It is shown that coating quality depends on the type of Mg used, the composition of the filler materials (matrix and carbides), and welding parameters. The best results for Mg alloys AM50 and AZ31 were obtained with a coating consisting of a composite matrix (AlSi12) with boron carbide additions. Paper text in German.
Characterization of Roughened Substrate Surface on Bond Strength of Thermal Spray Deposits
Authors: Fukanuma H. , Xie R. , Ohno N. , Fujiwara Y. , Kuroda S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Although substrates are often grit blasted prior to thermal spraying to improve coating adhesion, the relationship between surface roughness and bond strength is not well understood. This paper proposes a new method for characterizing the surface roughness of substrates on the hypothesis that mechanical friction between the coating and substrate primarily determines adhesive strength. The authors explain how they measure 3D surface profiles using a confocal scanning microscope and develop the necessary math to calculate friction forces and coefficients. They also present experimental results comparing the roughness of stainless steel and aluminum substrates with the adhesive strength of plasma-sprayed Al203 layers. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Residual Stress Determination in Near-Net Shape Formed Specimens Obtained by Thermal Spraying
Authors: Markocsan N. , Fogarassy P. , Dehelean D. , Manescu A. , Rustichelli F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The aim of this work is to develop a finite element model that predicts the residual stresses in plasma sprayed parts formed on conical mandrels and removed by various means. The theoretical analyses and mathematical models are confirmed by X-ray diffraction measurements on plasma-sprayed zirconia samples freed from shaped mandrels by means of cooling, melting, and chemical dissolution. Based on test results, the mandrel-cooling removal method produced the highest internal stresses. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Investigation of the Microplasma Spraying Processes
Authors: Borisov Y. , Sviridova I. , Voynarovich S. , Lugscheider E. , Fischer A. , Zhao L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Microplasma spraying has the potential to expand the range of applications for plasma spraying, particularly for the production of functional coatings. The low heat input on the substrate material allows small and thin-walled components to be coated without risk of overheating or deformation and with less powder loss due to the small plasma jet. This paper investigates the influence of various process parameters on the spraying of molybdenum, stainless steel, WC-Co, zirconium dioxide, and aluminum oxide using a microplasma system. Material consumption, plasma jet size, and layer structure are measured along with various aspects of particle behavior in the plasma jet. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Interactions Between High-Velocity Particles and Substrates During Cold Spraying
Authors: Papyrin A.N. , Kosarev V.F. , Klinkov S.V. , Alkhimov A.P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A number of studies have been conducted over the past few years with the aim of modeling high-speed particle-substrate interactions during cold spraying. This paper summarizes the work conducted and some of the more important findings. Based on experimental measurements and dynamic deformation modeling, it is shown a radial jet of metal forms at the contact zone during cold spraying. The effect is similar to that observed in explosive welding and it leads to corona-shaped ejection of metal at the periphery of the contact zone. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Effect of Nozzle Geometry on Cold Spray Process
Authors: Sakaki K. , Huruhashi N. , Tamaki K. , Shimizu Y. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cold spray nozzles can have a significant impact on particle behavior and coating quality depending on their shape and size. This study investigates the influence of nozzle geometry on the cold spray process. Simulations show that particle velocities are highest at the outlet of de Laval type nozzles and that convergence pipe nozzles achieve the highest particle temperatures. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Characterization of Tribological Quasicrystalline Composite Coatings
Authors: Román A. , Agüero A. , de Miguel C. , García de Blas F.J. , Longo F. , Muelas R. , Sánchez A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Quasicrystalline (QC) alloys constitute a family of materials with low coefficient of friction, high hardness, and high yield strength under compressive stress. This paper examines the characteristics of QC composite coatings deposited by LPPS and HVOF spraying. It compares the coatings based on phase distribution and microstructure. Both compositions studied are extremely wear resistant, but their friction properties require further development. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Einsatz der PIV-Technik zum Bestimmen des Einflusses unterschiedlicher Düsengeo- metrien auf den Lichtbogenspritzprozess (Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) as a Tool to Investigate the Influence of Nozzle Configuration and Spray Parameters on the Arc Spray Process)
Authors: Bach Fr.-W. , Copitzky T. , Tegeder G. , Prehm J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Arc spraying is an economical method for applying metallic layers due to its high spray rates and uniform melting of spray particles. The main disadvantage is the difficulty in achieving sufficient particle velocity to ensure good layer adhesion. This study investigates the influence of nozzle geometry, arc power, and gas pressure on the size and velocity of particles in an arc spray jet. The experiments were conducted using particle image velocimetry (PIV) to measure the spatial and velocity distribution of particles in flight. For X45Cr13 steel, particle velocities were found to be between 85 and 95 m/s at a gas volume flow of around 1 m3/min. Velocities of up to 150 m/s were ultimately achieved, but at the expense of higher atomizer gas consumption. Paper text in German.
Self-Strengthening of the Adhesion of HVOF Sprayed MCrAlY Coatings
Authors: Li C.-J. , Li W.-Y. , Matsunaga Y. , Nakagawa K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper assesses the effect of different annealing treatments on the adhesion strength of NiCrAlY coatings. The coatings were HVOF sprayed on superalloy substrates using widely available powders. It was found that the annealing atmosphere has no significant influence on adhesion, indicating that the coatings self-reinforce when subjected to high temperatures. The observed effect is due to the diffusion of elements, forming a metallurgical bonding layer at the coating-substrate interface. Test results show that, in an ambient atmosphere at 1000 °C, this bonding layer becomes stronger with time, more than doubling the adhesion strength of HVOF NiCrAlY coatings on Inconel 738 substrates. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Properties of Ceramic Coatings Prepared by HVOF and Plasma Spraying of Titanium Suboxide Powders
Authors: Vuoristo P. , Määttä A. , Mäntylä T. , Berger L.-M. , Thiele S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This work investigates the influence of powder characteristics on thermal spray coatings produced from titanium suboxide powders. The powders used were prepared from commercially fused and ground titanium dioxide reduced in a mixture of hydrogen and argon gas. Two particle sizes were produced and subsequently applied by atmospheric plasma and HVOF spraying. Originally melted and crushed powder fractions served as a reference. All deposits showed high wear resistance, particularly the HVOF-sprayed layers. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Improved Corrosion Resistant Coatings Prepared Using a Modified Diamond Jet HVOF Spraying System
Authors: Sturgeon A.J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper reports on a modified diamond jet HVOF spray gun, which makes it possible to produce layers of stainless steel and nickel alloys with very low levels of oxide and porosity. The corrosion behavior of these layers is compared with that of coatings produced with a conventional HVOF gun. Cross-sectional examinations carried out before and after corrosion testing show where and when corrosion attacks occur. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Einfluss der Düsenkontour auf atmosphärisch DC-plasmagespritzte AL2O3-Schichten (Nozzle-Design Effects on the Quality of APS-Alumina Coatings)
Authors: Schwenk A. , Nutsch G. , Gruner H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the influence of nozzle design on the quality of Al2O3 coatings produced by atmospheric plasma spraying. It compares the thermal and deposition efficiency of different plasma guns along with the porosity and adhesion strength of the resulting coatings. The intent of the study is the application of convergent-divergent nozzles as an economic alternative to the nozzles typically used for atmospheric plasma spraying. Paper text in German.
Hastelloy C-276 Parameter Study using the Axial III Plasma Spray System
Authors: Burgess A.W. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, Hastelloy C-276 layers are produced using the Axial III plasma spray method and assessed based on oxide content and microhardness. Test results show that Hastelloy coatings with low hardness can be achieved in different atmospheres with appropriate adjustments in process parameters. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Mechanische Bruchuntersuchungen zur Ermittlung der Haftfestigkeiten von WC-Co-Schichten auf Metallsubstraten (Fracture Mechanics Testing to Determine the Adhesion Strength of WC-Co Coatings on Metal Substrates)
Authors: Sauer H. , Weiß H. , Kern E. , Schwabe O. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this investigation, the concepts of fracture mechanics are put to use to determine the adhesion strength of WC-Co coatings on metal substrates. The paper explains how test samples are produced and describes the procedures used to obtain fracture mechanics data. Adhesion strength is determined based on local energy release rates (crack closure integral method) and is verified using a finite element model of the test sample. With this approach, the spraying parameters for WC-Co can be more precisely tuned than would be possible with a frontal pull test. Paper text in German.
Fast Quality Control of Spray Powders
Authors: Dvorak M. , Schmid H.G. , Fischer F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Metallurgical powders can be characterized by different techniques including image analysis, laser particle size analysis, and various forms of sieve analysis. This paper evaluates a new method that uses a high-resolution slide scanner in combination with automated image analysis. The results obtained with this system are comparable to powder analysis via laser scattering and classical sieving techniques, but are more sensitive to changes in powder quality. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Densification of Thermal Sprayed Coatings with Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS)
Authors: Prawara B. , Yara H. , Miyagi Y. , Fukushima T. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper examines the effects of spark plasma sintering (SPS) on flame-sprayed zirconia coatings. It describes how the zirconia layers were produced, treated, and tested. The combination of heating and loading increased coating hardness and adhesion strength by a factor of three and caused a significant reduction in porosity. It also led to phase transformations which, in some cases, had an offsetting effect on coating properties. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) of Plasma Sprayed YSZ Electrolyte for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Application
Authors: Khor K.A. , Yu L.-G. , Chan S.H. , Chen X.J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Plasma spraying is a fast and inexpensive process for fabricating YSZ electrolyte for SOFCs. In this investigation, free-standing plasma sprayed YSZ disks are treated by spark plasma sintering at different temperatures, soak times, and loading cycles. SEM examination shows that the lamellar microstructure of the as-sprayed zirconia is converted to a predominantly granular structure with no significant phase changes as per XRD analysis. Microhardness and laser flash diffusivity measurements show that the SPS treatments also improve YSZ layer density, tensile modulus, and thermal conductivity. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Production and Characterization of Surface Preparation of Ni-base Alloy Substrates for Plasma-Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Scrivani A. , Groppetti R. , Rossi A. , Tedeschi F. , Rizzi G. , Bardi U. , Niccolai F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Thermal barrier coatings typically consist of a ceramic topcoat and a metallic bond coat that promotes adhesion and protects the substrate from corrosion. This study evaluates surface preparation processes used prior to the application of the bond coat layer. In the experiments, NiCrAlY bond coats are plasma sprayed onto Inconel substrates prepared by various methods, including dry and wet blasting and solid CO2 cryogenic cleaning. At different points in the process, samples are extracted and characterized based on surface roughness, subsurface hardness, morphology, adhesion, interface contamination, and coating thickness and structure. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Performance of Graded, Duplex and Triplex Thermal Barrier Coatings Exposed to Cyclic Oxidation
Authors: Waheed A. , Azzam A.H. , El-Awadi G. , Abdel-Sammad A. , Rassoul E.-S.A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper evaluates the effect of bond coat oxidation on the coating life of graded, duplex, and triplex TBC systems deposited on Inconel 617 and 738 substrates by vacuum plasma spraying. In oxidation experiments, the triplex system had the lowest number of cycles to failure. The graded system was found to be superior to the duplex system in terms of oxidation resistance, but inferior in terms of hot corrosion resistance. It was also found that the various TBC systems are more durable on Inconel 738 than on Inconel 617, particularly the graded systems. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Salt Fog Corrosion Resistance of HVOF WC-10Co-4Cr Coated and Electrolytic Hard Chrome Plated AerMet 100 and 300M Steel Alloys
Authors: Dudzinski D. , Au P. , Legoux J.-G. , Simard S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper compares the corrosion resistance of electrolytic hard chrome plating and HVOF-sprayed WC-Co-Cr on two steel alloys used in landing gears. Test samples were evaluated by means of salt spray testing and electrochemical measurements. Post-test metallographic examinations were conducted to investigate the failure mode of the coatings. Test results are presented along with relevant findings and observations. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
The Corrosion Behavior of High-Velocity Oxyfuel (HVOF) Sprayed NiCrSiB Coatings
Authors: Shrestha S. , Sturgeon A. , Hodgkiess T. , Neville A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the corrosion characteristics of two HVOF-sprayed coatings made with self-fluxing NiCrSiB powders are assessed in the as-sprayed condition. One of the coatings is also investigated after post-spray treatment with polymer sealing and after vacuum furnace fusion. It was found that cracking at lamellar boundaries dominates the corrosion behavior of the layers in the as-sprayed and sealed states, while pitting corrosion resulting from the failure of hard phases plays the main role in the melted layer. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Development of Functionally Graded Thermal Spray Coatings for Polymer Substrates
Authors: Ivosevic M. , Knight R. , Twardowski T.E. , Kalidindi S.R. , Kim D.Y. , Sutter J.K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, WC-Co reinforced polymer matrix coatings are sprayed on preheated steel and carbon-fiber reinforced substrates, producing relatively dense, adherent coatings. The particle morphology of the feedstock materials and the microstructure of the HVOF sprayed coatings are characterized and the thermal properties of the polymer powder and coatings are compared. It was found that the deposition and build-up of the polymer coating was only successful when substrates were preheated to the curing temperature of the thermosetting polyimide powder used. Layered coatings of varying polyimide and WC-Co content have been successfully deposited, showing that it is possible to produce graded composite coatings consisting of pure polymer at the substrate and pure WC-Co on the surface. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Titanium Carbide-Based Powders and Coatings – Compositions, Processability and Properties
Authors: Berger L.-M. , Thiele S. , Vuoristo P. , Mäntylä T. , Keller H. , Proß E. , Scholl R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper provides a short summary of the information that can be found in the literature on the preparation and structure of titanium carbide (TiC) wettable powders. From the work that has been done, it can be concluded that TiC-based coatings can be tailored for applications where complex stress profiles are encountered. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Tribological Features of Self-Lubricated Coatings Obtained by Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS)
Authors: Guilemany J.M. , Navarro J. , Lorenzana C. , Miguel J.M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study analyzes the tribological behavior of nickel-graphite and aluminum-silicon-polyester thermal sprayed coatings and the effect of non-metallic compounds. Self-lubricating coating composites based on a metallic matrix with ceramic or polymeric filler phases show potential applications requiring high wear resistance and thermal stability at low cost. In some cases, the nickel-graphite layer may eliminate the need for external lubricants or lubricating systems. Paper includes a German-language abstract.