bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Aspects and Factors of Educational and Labor Migration of Kazakhstan Youth Abroad
Authors: Jussibaliyeva A. K. , Iskakova D. M. , Duisenbayeva B. B. , Tleuberdiyeva S. S. , Iskakova D. B. 
Published: July 2022

The outflow of young people from the country for education and employment abroad is one of the most acute socio-economic problems for Kazakhstan. Taking into account the international competition in education and the imperfection of the labor market in the country, stopping the emigration of young people in the near future seems to be a difficult task. The purpose of the study is to identify and substantiate the economic aspects and factors of educational and labor migration of Kazakh youth abroad. Today, young people of Kazakhstan travel to almost all regions and countries of the world. Youth migration has both positive and negative aspects. There were developed 3 types of online questionnaires for particular categories of respondents: 1) graduates of secondary education (27 questions), 2) graduates of bachelor’s degree (27 questions), 3) young people working and living abroad (23 questions). SPSS Software was used for data analysis. The positive consequences include raising the level of qualifications and knowledge of young people, exploring new opportunities for self-realization. However, an urgent problem is a fact that the educational and labor migration of young people turns into permanent or non-return migration. The analysis allowed us to identify the dominant factors of «attraction-pushing», which have been studied and are considered as determining the migration movement of young people abroad. The combination of attracting and pushing factors influencing the migration decisions of young people can be very complex and diverse, however, in most cases, the main factors are economic, social, and demographic factors of migration.
The Current State of Development of Agricultural Cooperatives in the Aktobe Region
Authors: Imanbaeva Z. O. , Seksenova A. T. , Aliyeva A. O. , Zhubanazarov S. A. 
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the article is to study the current state of agricultural cooperatives in the socio-economic development of Aktobe region. Today, one of the most pressing issues is the improvement of agricultural production cooperatives. The main analytical-synthetic statistical, computational, and analytical methods were used in the study. The experience of Aktobe region in production compared to other regions was studied in detail, ways to solve economic problems of the region through the development of rural areas, and the study of food security projects was identified. The method of statistical research was used to compare tabular statistics in the form of different classifiers and directories in the agricultural database. This allowed you to select several classifiers and directories and customize the display of their elements. The article analyzes the prerequisites for the effective operation of agricultural production cooperatives and identifies reserves for its growth. Special attention was paid to the further increase of agricultural production, and it was found that high results can be achieved through the digitization of agricultural cooperatives. As a result of the study, the authors show the possibility of increasing the quantitative and qualitative indicators ofproduction from the stage of production to sales, as well as the provision of agricultural machinery, transport services, as well as the supply chain from agricultural products. As for recommendations, it is proposed to develop appropriate measures to create an organizational and legal system for protecting the interests of agricultural producers in the conditions of market relations of cooperatives.
Proceso de atención de enfermería aplicado a paciente sometido a craneotomía por meningioma: caso clínico de estudio
Authors: Sailema Ronquillo María Belén , Pachucho Flores Ana Pamela , Guallichico Maura Martha Lucia , Jaya Larraga Lorena Paola 
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cuidado del paciente postoperatorio es un reto para enfermería considerando las actuales limitantes tales como infraestructura, capacitación y la gravedad del paciente, por ello en este trabajo se documenta el cuidado priorizado al estado del paciente sometido a craneotomía por meningioma, para que los profesionales obtengan una guía hacia donde orientar su proceso de atención de enfermería. OBJETIVO: Esta investigación tiene como propósito aplicar el Proceso de Atención Enfermero (PAE) en la etapa postoperatoria del paciente sometido a craneotomía. MÉTODO: Análisis de la aplicación del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería (PAE) mediante el estudio de un caso clínico de paciente sometido a craneotomía por meningioma, en donde prioriza el PAE e intervenciones por parte del personal de salud. El análisis de datos se realizará mediante un diseño descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, ya que se pretende evidenciar el conocimiento acerca de los cuidados craneotomía, lo cual permitirá determinar si el paciente recibió el cuidado adecuado para su recuperación. RESULTADOS: Con la aplicación del PAE se logra una mejora en la atención del personal de salud en pacientes sometidos a craneotomía con el fin de enfocar el cuidado en las principales causas de complicaciones médicas y brindar un óptimo cuidado en dichos pacientes y a la vez dejar sentadas las bases de los cuidados priorizados en esta intervención que es muy común en el campo hospitalario. CONCLUSIONES: es importante priorizar aquellos cuidados que signifiquen el cuidado orientado más al riesgo de posibles alteraciones o patologías adyacentes a la cirugía, luego tomar en cuenta los factores reales ya que el paciente va a salir de la intervención quirúrgica levemente compensado y el objetivo de enfermería es mantener y mejorar ese estado del paciente mediante el Proceso de Atención de Enfermería (PAE), jerarquizando las necesidades fundamentales.
El rol de enfermería en cuidados paliativos: una revisión de literatura
Authors: Llerena Cruz Carmen Alicia , Ramírez Gavilanes Gloria Isabel , Morales Mayorga Silvia Graciela , Simbaña Quishpi María Aurora 
Published: July 2022

Introducción: Los cuidados paliativos son un enfoque que mejora la calidad de vida de los pacientes y sus familias que se enfrentan a los problemas asociados a las enfermedades potencialmente mortales. Objetivo: Investigar cómo el personal de enfermería, en diversos sistemas de salud, describen su papel en la prestación de cuidados paliativos a los pacientes con enfermedades potencialmente mortales. Métodos: Una revisión sistemática cualitativa de estudios. Resultados: En base al análisis, según varios autores concuerdan que el personal de enfermería cumple un papel fundamental en los cuidados paliativos. Además de hacer lo necesario para manejar una enorme amplitud de actividades, siempre en un marco holístico de comprensión. Así mismo, de estar presente de forma atenta y dedicada, como también utilizar métodos flexibles y poco tradicionales. Conclusión: Esta revisión muestra que el personal de enfermería, en todas las instituciones sanitarias, tienen una posición única en los cuidados paliativos. El papel principal de la enfermera abarca la disponibilidad y la coordinación de los servicios sanitarios.
A non-stationary extreme-value approach for climate projection ensembles: application to snow loads in the French Alps
Authors: Le Roux Erwan , Evin Guillaume , Eckert Nicolas , Blanchet Juliette , Morin Samuel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Anticipating risks related to climate extremes often relies on the quantification of large return levels (values exceeded with small probability) from climate projection ensembles. Current approaches based on multi-model ensembles (MMEs) usually estimate return levels separately for each climate simulation of the MME. In contrast, using MME obtained with different combinations of general circulation model (GCM) and regional climate model (RCM), our approach estimates return levels together from the past observations and all GCM–RCM pairs, considering both historical and future periods. The proposed methodology seeks to provide estimates of projected return levels accounting for the variability of individual GCM–RCM trajectories, with a robust quantification of uncertainties.
To this aim, we introduce a flexible non-stationary generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution that includes (i) piecewise linear functions to model the changes in the three GEV parameters and (ii) adjustment coefficients for the location and scale parameters to adjust the GEV distributions of the GCM–RCM pairs with respect to the GEV distribution of the past observations. Our application focuses on snow load at 1500 m elevation for the 23 massifs of the French Alps. Annual maxima are available for 20 adjusted GCM–RCM pairs from the EURO-CORDEX experiment under the scenario Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5. Our results show with a model-as-truth experiment that at least two linear pieces should be considered for the piecewise linear functions. We also show, with a split-sample experiment, that eight massifs should consider adjustment coefficients. These two experiments help us select the GEV parameterizations for each massif. Finally, using these selected parameterizations, we find that the 50-year return level of snow load is projected to decrease in all massifs by −2.9 kN m−2 (−50 %) on average between 1986–2005 and 2080–2099 at 1500 m elevation and RCP8.5. This paper extends the recent idea to constrain climate projection ensembles using past observations to climate extremes.
Las guías docentes de las facultades de comunicación en España: una práctica del profesorado con escasa perspectiva de género
Authors: Martínez-García Luisa , Ferrer Iliana 
Published: July 2022

La investigación sobre la introducción de la perspectiva de género en la educación superior -específicamente en el ámbito de los grados de la Comunicación en España- es escasa, teniendo en cuenta el papel fundamental de los contenidos mediáticos en la promoción de estereotipos de género en la sociedad. Actualmente, la adopción de dicha perspectiva en la formación universitaria es una exigencia del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, de las políticas universitarias españolas y del marco legal del Estado español.
El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar, a través de la técnica del análisis de contenido cuantitativo, la presencia y expresión de la perspectiva de género en las guías docentes de los grados de Comunicación Audiovisual, Periodismo y Publicidad de 6 universidades españolas. La muestra de la investigación la integraron 812 guías docentes de los cursos 2018-2019 y 2019-2020.
Los resultados señalan que en 2 de cada 8 guías docentes se incluyen aspectos relacionados con la perspectiva de género y se concentran mayoritariamente en asignaturas especializadas en género por lo que su alcance no es transversal al plan docente de los grados analizados. Además, las mujeres están infrarrepresentadas como referentes en las bibliografías y en su mayoría son las profesoras quienes intentan corregir este sesgo. Se concluye que las guías docentes analizadas carecen de perspectiva de género. Se espera que los resultados de esta investigación contribuyan a la visibilización de la necesidad de incluirla de manera transversal en los planes docentes de los grados universitarios españoles.
On the tools for the development of secondary vocational education
Authors: Блинов В.И. 
Published: July 2022

Основываясь на понимании, что развитие среднего профессионального образования возможно исключительно в контексте развития самой сферы труда и систем квалификаций, автор отмечает, что существующие инструменты развития системы среднего профессионального образования несовершенны и требуют доработки и адаптации в практике их применения. При этом использовать их по отдельности особого смысла не имеет, поскольку это комплекс управленческих решений, тесно связанных с процессом социально-экономического развития регионов и страны в целом
The author notes that the existing tools for the development of secondary vocational education require improvement and adaptation in the practice of their application, knowing that the development of secondary vocational education is impossible without the development of the employment sector and qualification systems. At the same time, it does not make much sense to use the tools separately, as it is a set of management decisions closely related to the process of socio-economic development of regions and the country as a whole.
Distractor analysis of multiple choice questions: A descriptive study of physiology examinations at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum
Authors: Musa Afraa , Shaheen Samir , Ahmed Ammar 
Published: July 2022

Background: Distractor analysis is an important component of item analysis. It helps in the design and construction of items with functional effective distractors which are valid for future use and developmentof proper question banks.Objectives: This study aimed at investigating distractors’ functionality of physiology multiple choicequestion (MCQ) items at the Faculty of Medicine, Khartoum University using post- examination item analysis data.
Methods: Analyzing test statistics reports produced by Remark-Software, the frequency distribution of non-functioning (NFD) or non-effective distractors (NED) on ten summative physiology MCQ exams administered to undergraduate medical students in the period from September 2015 to September 2016 was assessed. Item analysis reports provided detailed options analyses in the form of response frequency and discrimination power of each option. Each exam paper consisted of 60-80 (five-option) items and the number of the examinees ranged from 332 to 359. A total of 654 items were reviewed, including 2580 distractors. NFD/NED were defined as distractors with either response frequency<5% of the examinees or non-negative discrimination coefficient (rpbis) criteria. Furthermore, the number of NFD/NED per item were computed to measure distractor efficiency (DE %) of an item as follows; 0 NED = 100 % DE, 1 NED = 75%DE, 2 NED = 50% DE, 3 NED = 25% DE, 4 NED = 0% DE.
Results: Although less than one-third (31%) of total number of distractors were non-functioning because they were chosen by less than 5% of examinees, only 4 (0.15%) distractors had a choice frequency ofzero. In addition, 9.38% of total number of distractors was non-functioning because they had non-negative discrimination correlation coefficient. Defining functioning distractors using response frequency or discrimination ability criterion, the majority (61%) of our distractors were functioning effectively. The mean DE was 59.46±28.376% and the proportion of functional distractors ranged from 40.27% - 75% in the ten exams. Our study proportions of items with 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, 0% DE were: 32.7%, 31.3%, 20.9%, 9.9% & 5.1% respectively based on response frequency criterion alone, compared to: 8.2%, 12.3%, 28.7%, 35.2% & 15.7% respectively when using any of the two criterion for NED definition.
Conclusion: The findings that the majority of our distractors were functioning and the high proportions of our items that have high distractor efficiency are explained by the fact that our expert staff memberscarefully reviewed distractors to ensure unambiguity of the correct answers and generated plausible effective distractors.
An uncommon presentation of primary gastro-intestinal non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma (PGINHL) with multiple jejunal strictures in a young patient
Authors: Eldin Siddig Mohy , Fadal Amira Abbas , Saad Eltaib A. , Babiker Mohamed A. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:Primary gasrointesinal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (PGINHL) is a heterogeneous complex disease (1).Variations in patients’ characterisics, clinical sages, hisologic sub-types, and treatment options dependlargely on the site of origin (1, 2). In fact, gasrointesinal tract is the mos commonly involved site forprimary NHL occurrence, accounting for nearly 20–40% of all extra-nodal disease (2). It arises from thelymphoid tissues within the wall of small intesine which are more abundant in the ileum (3), being eitherlocalized to a single segment of the small intesine, or multi-centric in 15–20% (3). Clinical presentation isextremely variable with a wide range of presenting symptoms like: non-specifc abdominal pain; anorexiaand weight loss; diarrhea; subacute obsruction; and a palpable abdominal mass (2, 4-6), with an emergencysurgical treatment being required in 11–64 % of cases (4). Herein, authors describe an unusual presentationof a PGI NHL in a young Sudanese patient who suﬀered from recurrent episodes of subacute small bowelobsruction due to multiple jejunal srictures (simulating Crohn’s disease clinically and radiologically) andfound to have a diﬀuse large B-cell lymphoma on hisopathological examination of the surgical specimen.
Study of association of C-reactive protein and alkaline phosphatase in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Pravin Dhone G. , Rajkumari Rathore , Vikas Gupta , Faheem Mohd Mubeen 
Published: July 2022

The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes are rising rapidly worldwide, especially in Asia. Diabetes has been linked to a shorter life expectancy mainly because of its complications, including heart disease, strokes, eye disease, inflammation and bone disease. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in type 2 diabetes patients. Furthermore, we investigated correlation between serum hsCRP and ALP level with glycaemic triad (FBS, PPBS, HbA1c) in case and control group. A cross sectional study consists of 200 patients out of which 100 normal healthy control (Group I), case - 100 patients having type 2 DM (Group II). FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, hsCRP and ALP were measured. Mean serum hsCRP and ALP level were statistically significantly higher in case group compared to control group. Moreover, significant positive correlation was observed between hsCRP and ALP level as well as both with FBS, PPBS and HbA1c. Oxidative stress and inflammation appears to be a key component and also associated with poor glycaemic control and further pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications.
Enriched intuitionistic fuzzy rule pruning using butterfly optimization for rule pruning in intrusion detection
Authors: Soundarraj K. , Ravichandran M. 
Published: July 2022

The process of detecting and reacting to hostile activities against the computer and network resources is known as intrusion detection. Rather of relying just on expertise and experience, a systematic and automated IDS creation process is required. This drives researchers to look into data mining-based intrusion detection frameworks. Though there are many algorithms are developed for detection intrusion, the issue of inconsistency in rule-based classification model is controlling the volume of data and removing irrelevant rules are the major problems focused in this work to improve the process of IDS. This paper proposed a framework which handles the hesitancy in classifying the unknown traffic pattern data packets by designing evolutionary algorithm optimized intuitionistic fuzzy inference system. The Intuitionistic fuzzy inference system represents each instances of KDD cup 99 dataset with the degree of membership and non-membership. With these two degrees, the hesitancy degree is computed to overcome the issue of inconsistency and uncertainty in analysing the unknown pattern of abnormal packets. In conventional Intuitionistic fuzzy System (IFS), the rules generated by the inference engine is applied for classification directly without determine the validation of it.
TÜRK HUKUKUNDA KİŞİSEL SAĞLIK VERİLERİ VE İDARENİN KİŞİSEL SAĞLIK VERİLERİNİ KORUMA YÜKÜMLÜLÜĞÜ
Authors: ALÇIN Ayşe Aslı 
Published: July 2022

Hassas kişisel veriler kategorisi içinde yer alan kişisel sağlık verileri, “kimliği belirli ya da belirlenebilir gerçek kişiye ilişkin her türlü sağlık bilgisi” olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu tanımın kapsamına kişinin “geçmişi, şimdiki anı ve geleceğine ilişkin fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlığı hakkında her türlü bilgi ile kişiye sunulan sağlık hizmetiyle ilgili bilgiler” dahildir.
Bu çalışmada öncelikle, ulusal ve Türkiye’nin taraf olduğu uluslararası düzenlemeler ışığında, kişisel sağlık verileri kavramı ve bu verilerin işlenmesine ilişkin kurallar ve usuller ele alınacaktır. Türk hukukunda kişisel sağlık verilerinin işlenebileceği hallere ayrıca değinilecektir. Bu bağlamda, veri koruma hukukunda, hassas verilerin işlenmesinin diğer verilere kıyasla daha katı bir denetime tabi tutulması anlamına gelen hassaslık ilkesi ve veri toplama ve işlemenin bağlı olduğu amaç/amaçları gerçekleştirmek için zorunlu olan miktarla sınırlı olacak şekilde veri toplanması gerekliliğini ifade eden minimumluk ilkesine uygunluk değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır. Ardından, idarenin kişisel sağlık verilerinin korunmasına ilişkin yükümlülükleri açıklanacaktır. İdarenin kişisel sağlık verilerine ilişkin aydınlatma, veri güvenliğini sağlama, düzenleme ve denetleme yapma yükümlülüklerinin anlamı ve kapsamı ortaya konulacaktır.
Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi ve Danıştay kararları ışığında, idarenin söz konusu yükümlülüklerini yerine getirmemesi durumunun nasıl ortaya çıkabileceği ve ortaya çıkış şekillerine göre sorumluluğunun türünün ve kapsamının ne olacağı ihtimallere göre değerlendirilecektir.
C38: Les GIST gastriques : Aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs : A propos de 7 cas colligés à l’institut Joliot Curie de 2000 à 2014
Authors: Ndiaye M , Thiam I , Dieng S , Mbacké Y , Diallo A C , Baldé E H A , Ka S , Dem H , Diop M 
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION : Les tumeurs stromales de l’estomac sont des tumeurs mésenchymateuses rares qui constituent un sujet de controverse. Actuellement, elles sont bien caractérisées avec la découverte récente de la mutation du gène C-KIT et l’expression par les cellules tumorales de la protéine C-KIT. Le but de notre travail était de mettre le point sur les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, paracliniques, évolutifs et thérapeutiques des GIST gastriques. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Nous avons mené une étude rétrospective sur une période de 14 ans (de Janvier 2000 à Décembre 2014) à l’institut Joliot Curie de l’Hôpital Aristide le Dantec de Dakar. RESULTATS : Dans notre étude les GIST gastriques représentaient 5,15% d’un effectif de 136 tumeurs gastriques. On notait sept patients, cinq hommes et deux femmes avec un sex-ratio de 2,5. La moyenne d’âge des patients était de 51,2 ans avec des extrêmes de 33 et 62 ans. Les manifestations cliniques révélatrices étaient des douleurs abdominales chez cinq patients, des vomissements chez quatre patients et l’altération de l’état général chez deux patients. L’anémie était trouvée chez trois patients sur sept. La FOGD a été effectuée chez cinq patients sur sept et a été concluante chez tous les patients en objectivant le processus tumoral. L’examen histologique avait confirmé la malignité et le type stromale de la tumeur chez tous les patients. L’étude immunohistochimique avait montré la positivité du marqueur CD43 dans tous les cas. La TDM abdominale a été réalisée chez quatre patients. Quatre patients sur sept avaient bénéficié d’un traitement chirurgical. Un seul patient avait bénéficié d’une chimiothérapie et quatre patients avaient bénéficié d’un traitement à base d’imatinib. La durée moyenne de suivi de nos patients était de huit semaines avec un minimum d’une semaine et un maximum 60 semaine, d’ailleurs tous nos malades étaient perdus de vue à trois mois. CONCLUSION : Le pronostic péjoratif semble être majoré par le diagnostic tardif dans notre série.