bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volume-based tomography for the diagnosis of incipient silicosis in former gold miners
Authors: Carneiro Ana Paula Scalia , da Silva Leandro Liberino , Silva Francisco das Chagas Lima , Hering Kurt Georg , Algranti Eduardo 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate silicosis diagnosed through CT, with integration of clinical-occupational data, in silica-exposed workers presenting chest X-rays within International Labor Organization (ILO) category 0.MethodsCross-sectional study with 339 former gold miners, with comparable exposures and X-rays classified as ILO subcategory 0/0 (n=285) and 0/1 (n=54) were submitted to volume-based CT. The findings were classified according to the International Classification of HRCT CT for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Diseases.ResultsA profusion degree of round opacities (RO)>1 was found in 22.4% (76/339) of the CT exams. After integrating the CT findings with clinical and occupational data, silicosis was diagnosed as follows: 43/285 (15.1%) and 14/54 (25.9%) in workers whose X-rays had been classified as 0/0 and 0/1, respectively. There was an upward trend towards longer exposures, reaching 38.9% when working more than 10 years underground and classified as 0/1 (p=0019). Those with presence of RO whose final diagnosis was not silicosis were mainly cases of tuberculosis or ‘indeterminate nodules’. Emphysema was found in 65/339 (19.1%), only 5 being detected in the X-ray.ConclusionVolume-based CT proved to be useful in the investigation of silicosis among individuals with a relevant exposure to silica, capturing diagnoses that had not been identified on X-rays. A response gradient of silicosis was showed by CT even in this population with ILO category 0 radiographs. It can be indicated based on quantitative and/or qualitative criteria of occupational exposure, especially considering the possibilities of low CT dosage.
Clinical, functional and prognostic implications of severe atrial dilation in secondary mitral regurgitation
Authors: Layoun Habib , Mentias Amgad , Akintoye Emmanuel , Matta Milad , Kanaan Chris , Daou Remy , Ramchand Jay , Burns Daniel , Gillinov A Marc , Bhattacharya Sanjeeb , Puri Rishi , Collier Patrick , Griffin Brian , Kapadia Samir , Harb Serge C 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveAtrial dilation is known to be a poor prognostic indicator. However, its clinical, functional and prognostic implications have not been thoroughly explored in secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR). We sought to describe the implications of severe atrial dilation (SAD) in SMR.MethodsWe included all adult patients with severe SMR due to left ventricle dysfunction (with no organic mitral valve disease) who underwent transthoracic echocardiography between January 2012 and March 2021 at our institution. The concomitant presence of severe left atrial (LA) dilation (>48 mL/m2) defined SADMR (SAD in SMR), and these patients were compared with those without SAD.ResultsA total of 2011 patients were included (mean age 70% and 41% females), with 71% having SADMR. MR severity and ejection fraction were similar between both groups. Patients with SADMR were older, less females and had more diabetes, but similar rates of atrial fibrillation. Mechanistically, they had lower A wave velocity (0.61 vs 0.72 cm/sec, p<0.001) and more impaired LA reservoir strain (9.7% vs 15.5%, p<0.001). Geometrically, SADMR had shallower leaflets’ angulations, lower tenting height, larger annuli and smaller leaflet length/annular diameter ratios (all p<0.001). They underwent fewer MV interventions, although these were associated with better outcomes (log-rank p<0.001). Over the study period, SAD was an independent predictor of mortality (HR 1.26, p=0.04).ConclusionSADMR is associated with specific mechanistic and functional alterations and confers a worse prognosis.
Antibody development and disease severity of COVID-19 in non-immunised patients with rheumatic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: data from a prospective cohort study
Authors: Boekel Laura , Hooijberg Femke , Vogelzang Erik H , Besten Yaëlle R , Leeuw Maureen , Atiqi Sadaf , van Vollenhoven Ronald F , Wijbrandts Carla A , Gerritsen Martijn , Krieckaert C , Dijkshoorn Bas , Bakhlakh Siham , Crooijmans Juliette J , Voskuyl Alexandre , van der Horst-Bruinsma Irene E , Lems Willem , Kuijpers Taco W , van Ham S Marieke , Wieske Luuk , Eftimov Filip , Kummer Laura Y , van Dam PJ Koos , Stalman Eileen W , Steenhuis Maurice , Keijzer Sofie , Cristianawati Olvi , Keijser Jim , Loeff Floris C , Tas Sander W , Nurmohamed Michael T , Boers Maarten , Rispens Theo , Wolbink Gertjan 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundResearch on the disease severity of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) has been inconclusive, and long-term prospective data on the development of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in these patients are lacking.MethodsAdult patients with rheumatic IMIDs from the Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Amsterdam were invited to participate. All patients were asked to recruit their own sex-matched and age-matched control subject. Clinical data were collected via online questionnaires (at baseline, and after 1–4 and 5–9 months of follow-up). Serum samples were collected twice and analysed for the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. Subsequently, IgG titres were quantified in samples with a positive test result.FindingsIn total, 3080 consecutive patients and 1102 controls with comparable age and sex distribution were included for analyses. Patients were more frequently hospitalised compared with controls when infected with SARS-CoV-2; 7% vs 0.7% (adjusted OR: 7.33, 95% CI: 0.96 to 55.77). Only treatment with B-cell targeting therapy was independently associated with an increased risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisation (adjusted OR: 14.62, 95% CI: 2.31 to 92.39). IgG antibody titres were higher in hospitalised compared with non-hospitalised patients, and slowly declined with time in similar patterns for patients in all treatment subgroups and controls.InterpretationWe observed that patients with rheumatic IMIDs, especially those treated with B-cell targeting therapy, were more likely to be hospitalised when infected with SARS-CoV-2. Treatment with conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biological DMARDs other than B-cell targeting agents is unlikely to have negative effects on the development of long-lasting humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2.
Spectroscopic Studies for Rhodium (III) Binding to Apo-Transferrin
Authors: Al Bratty Mohammed , Alhazmi Hassan Ahmad , Najmi Asim , Alam Md Shamsher , Shubayr Nasser , Khudishi Hussain , Javed Sadique A. 
Published: April 2022

Transferrin belongs to a class of monomeric glycoproteins, which sequestrate and transport iron inside the body. Apart from iron, transferrin binds with various other metal ions and is assumed to deliver medicinally important metal ions to cells. Hence, the investigation of binding characteristics may provide crucial information for new drug developments. To study the biological impacts of medicinally important metal ions, in this work, we explored the binding behavior of Rh(III) ion with serum apo-transferrin (ApoHST) using FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. In FT-IR, interaction of Rh(III) with ApoHST was studied at three concentrations (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mM) of metal ion at different time intervals (15, 30, and 60 min). The IR spectra of Rh(III)-ApoHST coordinates revealed a marked reduction in amide I and II band intensities with alterations in band positions. The α-helical part of protein secondary structure reduced considerably (from 53% to 49%, 42%, and 39%), followed by an increment in β-sheet and β-turn components with the increasing concentrations of metal ion. Saturation level reached at 1 mM concentration of Rh(III) ion. In the UV-Vis spectroscopic study, absorption of metal ion-protein coordinates successively raised as concentration of Rh(III) ion increased. The binding constant (K) was calculated as

1.16
×

10

4

M

−
1

, which showed a strong binding of the test metal ion with the protein. Upon coordination with a metal ion, the microenvironment of aromatic protein residues changed, which was detected by these spectroscopic techniques. The results revealed the existence of a significant interaction between Rh (III) ion and ApoHST. These research outcome may present new insight into the possible utilization of Rh(III) ion-based compounds in biomedicine. However, more investigations are needed to interpret the exact cellular mechanism.
Establishment and Evaluation of EGFR Mutation Prediction Model Based on Tumor Markers and CT Features in NSCLC
Authors: Zhang Hao , He Meng , Wan Ren’an , Zhu Liangming , Chu Xiangpeng 
Published: April 2022

Background. Lung cancer has become one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. EGFR gene mutation has been reported in up to 60% of Asian populations and is currently one of the main targets for genotype-targeted therapy for NSCLC. Objective. The objective is to determine if a complex model combining serum tumor makers and computed tomographic (CT) features can predict epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation with higher accuracy. Material and Methods. Retrospective analysis of the data of patients diagnosed with in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by EGFR gene testing was carried out in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of EGFR mutations, and logistic regression prediction models were developed. The subject operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the accuracy and clinical application of the EGFR mutation prediction model. Results. Logistic regression analysis identified the predictive factors of EGFR mutation including nonsmoking, high expression level of Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), low expression level of cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA21-1), and subsolid density containing ground-glass opacity (GGO) component. Using the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, we built a statistically determined clinical prediction model. The AUC of the complex prediction model increased significantly from 0.735 to 0.813 (

p

= 0.014) when CT features are added and from 0.612 to 0.813 (

p

< 0.001) when serum variables are added. When P was 0.441, the sensitivity was 86.7% and the specificity was 65.8%. Conclusion. A complex model combining serum tumor makers and CT features is more accurate in predicting EGFR mutation status in NSCLC patients than using either serum variables or imaging features alone. Our finding for EGFR mutation is urgently needed and helpful in clinical practice.
CPET : Gambaran Umum dan Penggunaan pada Pasien Gagal Jantung
Authors: Suprapta Aloysius , Listyoko Aditya , Djajalaksana Susanthy 
Published: April 2022

Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) atau uji latih jantung paru merupakan modalitas non-invasif yang digunakan untuk menilai tingkat kebugaran seseorang. Penilaian atas mekanisme pertukaran gas yang terjadi di tahap respirasi secara breath – to - breath akan menggambarkan pertukaran gas di tingkat selular. Pemantauan pertukaran gas ini menjadi parameter dalam menilai tentang kelainan-kelaianan yang menyebabkan terganggunya proses metabolisme aerob di dalam tubuh. Paramater-parameter pada CPET ini membantu klinisi dalam memilah dan menilai faktor penyebab gangguan dypnea atau kelelahan saat aktivitas, apakah gangguan di sisi sistem pernafasan, sistem kardiovaskular, ataukah di sisi muskuloskeletal. Di samping itu, CPET juga menjadi modalitas dalam menentukan prognosis dan kelayakan transplantasi jantung pada klien dengan gagal jantung (heart failure). Penilaian peak VO2 ≥ 14 mL/kg/menit memberikan gambaran cumulative survival yang lebih baik pada pasien gagal jantung, dan O2 pulse ≥ 10 mL/beat menunjukkan event-free survival yang lebih baik.
Path analysis: A method to estimate altered pathways in time-varying graphs of neuroimaging data
Authors: Falakshahi Haleh , Rokham Hooman , Fu Zening , Iraji Armin , Mathalon Daniel H. , Ford Judith M. , Mueller Bryon A. , Preda Adrian , van Erp Theo G. M. , Turner Jessica A. , Plis Sergey , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGraph-theoretical methods have been widely used to study human brain networks in psychiatric disorders. However, the focus has primarily been on global graphic metrics with little attention to the information contained in paths connecting brain regions. Details of disruption of these paths may be highly informative for understanding disease mechanisms. To detect the absence or addition of multistep paths in the patient group, we provide an algorithm estimating edges that contribute to these paths with reference to the control group. We next examine where pairs of nodes were connected through paths in both groups by using a covariance decomposition method. We apply our method to study resting-state fMRI data in schizophrenia versus controls. Results show several disconnectors in schizophrenia within and between functional domains, particularly within the default mode and cognitive control networks. Additionally, we identify new edges generating additional paths. Moreover, although paths exist in both groups, these paths take unique trajectories and have a significant contribution to the decomposition. The proposed path analysis provides a way to characterize individuals by evaluating changes in paths, rather than just focusing on the pairwise relationships. Our results show promise for identifying path-based metrics in neuroimaging data.
The Governance of New Territories During the Qin Unification
Authors: Li Jingrong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper uses recently discovered administrative and legal manuscripts to investigate the governance of newly conquered territories during the Qin unification, with the aim of examining Qin’s governing intentions and strategies, which were inextricably interwoven with its swift territorial expansion. The manuscripts demonstrate that the new territories experienced instability and crisis and that Qin had to address various administrative problems to achieve successful governance. The paper explores the flexible, pragmatic policies that Qin devised and adopted to suit the specific social and political circumstances of the new territories. These policies included the removal of native Qin people, laborers, criminals, soldiers, and officials from the old lands to the new lands, preferential and tolerant treatment of the new population, and enactment of laws made specifically for the new territories. The paper shows that although the Qin central government successfully imposed its own administrative system in the new territories with some compromises, there remained a considerable number of unstable and treacherous elements.
The Wall Theory: A Case Study of Intercultural Experience among Chinese Migrants in Hungary
Authors: Gao (高毛毛) Maomao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an empirical study of the intercultural conflicts that Chinese migrants have experienced in Hungary, so far unexamined in the scientific literature. This study hypothesizes the wall theory, consisting of the visible wall and the invisible wall. The visible wall entails physical and spatial boundaries whereas the invisible wall refers to trust deficit. Our results suggest a visible wall is a ubiquitous concept in Hungarian culture, whereas the boundaries of the visible wall are obscure in Chinese culture. In contrast, the invisible wall is not prevalent in Hungarian culture, yet the invisible wall is a predominant concept in Chinese culture which alienates people in thinking. The concept of wall denotes different meanings in Chinese and Hungarian cultures. The study attempts to provide Chinese overseas with practical knowledge to be aware of the cultural differences and potential strategies to reduce intercultural conflicts.
A Commonwealth for Galileo
Authors: Carmel Elad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A Hobbesian utopia might sound paradoxical. Hobbes never prescribed a utopia per se, and he is well-known for his practical and pragmatic approach to human nature and to politics. Yet, this article identifies several utopian elements in Hobbes, starting with the ways in which his contemporaries thought of his work as utopian. Following Galileo and others, Hobbes might have been part of a utopian moment, or at least believed that he was, especially due to his novel and historic philosophy. Behind his dystopian description of the state of nature there is a utopian vision of a civilized, peaceful, and industrious society, the result of true moral philosophy. Finally, the differences between Hobbes and Plato notwithstanding, there might be one overlooked similarity: if Plato designed a republic where Socrates would not have been persecuted, Hobbes might have designed a commonwealth that would produce and allow future Galileos to work without hindrance.
In Extremis: The Wildness of William James
Authors: Livingston Alexander 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
William James advocates strenuousness as the key to the moral life yet his hunger for extreme experiences sometimes leads him to risk sacrificing morality in their pursuit. This paradox is best represented by James’s fascination with soldiers and warfare as exemplars of the strenuous life. This essay examines the tension between strenuousness and morality in James’s ethical thought through the lens of his celebration of wildness. Wildness, I argue, names the hungry craving for meaning, lust for intense, novel, and risky experiences, and contempt for the banality of American modernity. In response to Sarin Marchetti and Trygve Throntveit’s recent interpretations of James’s moral thought, I argue that a fuller account of a radical empiricist approach to ethics – its originality, its contributions, its shortcomings – demands a deeper engagement with James’s craving for wildness and its implications for grasping the aesthetic-affective registers of his social criticism and political thought.
Dyadic Analysis of Fragile Middle Eastern States and Humanitarian Implications of Restrictive covid-19 Policies
Authors: Habib Daniel , Elmore Naela , Gulas Seth , Ruhde Nathan , Mathew Daniel , Parente Nicholas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The covid-19 pandemic has pressured governments to respond with restrictive and health resource-oriented policies to contain the spread of the virus. The aim of this paper is to assess differential policy implementation due to state fragility with a spatial scope of the Middle Eastern region. The policies implemented by the four strongest and six most fragile Middle Eastern countries were extracted from the CoronaNet Government Response Database and grouped into restrictive and resource-oriented categories. Clustering based on these categories informed dyadic analysis. Drawing from the Oxford Government Response Policy Tracker and covid-19 World Symptom Survey, we found that fragile states tended to be characterized by a higher proportion of restrictive policies, lower government stringency, and lower compliance. The results identify sectors that would benefit most from humanitarian aid and raise the issue of whether restrictions are disproportionately implemented due to covert political agendas or lack of political and economic power.
Towards an Emerging Unified Theory of Helix Architectures (EUTOHA): Focus on the Quintuple Innovation Helix Framework as the Integrative Device
Authors: Carayannis Elias G. , Campbell David F.J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Quadruple and Quintuple Helix Innovation Systems aim to optimize the design and operation of modern, democratic societies and economies in a smart, sustainable, inclusive, resilient and efficacious manner via the cyber-physical ecosystems that align with Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0 precepts. In this context, the Quintuple Innovation Helix Framework (which is part of the Quadruple/Quintuple Innovation Helix or Q2IH) represents the most comprehensive, meaningful and valuable construct and modality as it encompasses the five key core dimensions of modern, sustainable and democratic knowledge economies and societies. These are the Environment, the Civil Society as well as the Government, University and Industry dimensions. We strongly feel that it is appropriate and even critical, given current events in Europe that starkly highlight the conflict and struggle between democracies and autocracies, to enable, facilitate and even accelerate the further development of an Emerging Unified Theory of Helical Architectures (EUTOHA). The objective would be to bring clarity, coherence and consistency to the process of leveraging the helical architectures to advance and enhance the design of solutions for the digital transformation of modern knowledge economies and societies towards more democratic and sustainable (green) ones.
Parameter Calibration to Improve the Prediction of Tropical Cyclones over the Bay of Bengal Using Machine Learning–Based Multiobjective Optimization
Authors: Baki Harish , Chinta Sandeep , Balaji C. , Srinivasan Balaji 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The prediction skill of a numerical model can be enhanced by calibrating the sensitive parameters that significantly influence the model forecast. The objective of the present study is to improve the prediction of surface wind speed and precipitation by calibrating the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model parameters for the simulations of tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal region. Ten tropical cyclones across different intensity categories between 2011 and 2017 are selected for the calibration experiments. Eight sensitive model parameters are calibrated by minimizing the prediction error corresponding to 10-m wind speed and precipitation, using a multiobjective adaptive surrogate model-based optimization (MO-ASMO) framework. The 10-m wind speed and precipitation simulated by the default and calibrated parameter values across different aspects are compared. The results show that the calibrated parameters improved the prediction of 10-m wind speed by 17.62% and precipitation by 8.20% compared to the default parameters. The effect of calibrated parameters on other model output variables, such as cyclone track and intensities, and 500-hPa wind fields, is investigated. Eight tropical cyclones across different categories between 2011 and 2018 are selected to corroborate the performance of the calibrated parameter values for other cyclone events. The robustness of the calibrated parameters across different boundary conditions and grid resolutions is also examined. These results will have significant implications for improving the predictability of tropical cyclone characteristics, which allows us to better plan adaptation and mitigation strategies and thus help in reducing the adverse effects of tropical cyclones on society.