bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptomics analysis of contrasting varieties of Eucalyptus camaldulensis reveals wind resistance genes
Authors: Shang Xiuhua , Zhang Peijian , Liu Guo , Zhan Ni , Wu Zhihua 
Published: February 2022

Background
Wind, an important abiotic stress factor, affects forests in coastal areas, causes tree damage and timber loss.

Methods
Two genotypes of Eucalyptus camaldulensis-strong wind-resistant CA5 and weak wind-resistant C037 were used for RNA-seq analysis to screen for candidate wind-resistance genes and transcription factors (TFs) by comparing the transcriptome analysis of the two varieties in response to wind stress.

Results
It showed that 7061 differentially expressed unigenes could be annotated including 4,110 up-regulated unigenes and 2,951 down-regulated unigenes. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that six cellulose pathways were involved in response to wind stress. The unigenes in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways were found to be differentially expressed based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Moreover, 37 differentially expressed genes were functionally annotated to be involved in the secondary metabolism of phenylalanine (ko00940). Seventy-eight TFs related to the regulating cellulose and lignin synthesis were expressed differently from the various treatments. The expressions of C3H, POX, MYB, NAC, Gene008307, and Gene011799 were significantly upregulated in CA5. Overall, the main response of Eucalyptus to wind stress was associated with cell wall biosynthesis; key genes of cellulose and lignin biosynthesis pathways and related TFs were involved in the tree response to wind stress.
Students’ Perception on Feedback Practice in Classroom to Enhance Learning
Authors: Nidup Dorji , Wangchuk Karma 
Published: February 2022

This action research was intended to find out students’ perception of the practice of feedback in the classroom, its impact on their learning, their preference of modes of feedback, and the nature of feedback information and to improve the strategy of providing constructive feedback to students.
This action research was conducted at Lhuentse Higher Secondary School and engaged participants from seventh to ninth grade. The total sample population was 86 students. The study employed a quantitative approach to research. In this quantitative research design, predetermined statements with pre-coded five-point Likert scale questionnaires were self-administered to the participants to gather data.
The study revealed that constructive feedback has a positive bearing impact on the learning cycle of students. The study's findings revealed that descriptive feedback delivers a good amount of information, which ultimately helps students achieve learning goals.
Furthermore, the study showed that most students want feedback while performing a learning task, immediately after completing the learning task and on the quality of the task and skills. The findings also revealed that students want to practice peer assessment vigorously. Additionally, the findings showed that feedback should be made accessible to students since the choice of words and handwriting also determine the accessibility of students to get accurate information to improve themselves.
A Study of Etiopathogenesis of Different Vertigo Syndromes
Authors: Hande Vaidehi , Jain Shraddha 
Published: February 2022

Background: Dizziness or disturbed postural awareness is common presentation in varying age groups. Dizziness can be classified into various types like Rotatory Vertigo, Imbalance/disequilibrium, Pre syncope/Light headedness and Psychogenic. Classically, there are four vertigo syndromes which are most commonly accepted among Otolaryngologists. However, cervicogenic vertigo is missing from the list of these vertigo syndromes. This study aims to assess the etiological factors for vestibular and central vertigo and other non-vestibular forms of vertigo and dizziness.
Methodology: This will be a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha. About 75 patients presenting with symptoms of dizziness, tinnitus with associated nausea vomiting in the out-patient department will be included in this study. Patients will undergo clinical examination including Special Clinical Tests for vertigo like Dix-Hall pike Manoeuvre, Tandem walking and Dysdiadokokinesis. Collected data will be fed to appropriate statistical programme and analysed.
Expected Results: Relevant data on different etiopathogenic causes of vertigo will be obtained.
Conclusion: Better understanding of the various etiologies of various vertigo syndromes, their associations in various age groups and systemic diseases help better treatment outcomes.
Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Three Different Restorative Materials (Cention N, Zirconomer Improved and Glass Hybrid Restorative System) in Class V Cavity Restoration Using Stereomicroscope: In vitro Study
Authors: Dhivya S. , Vasanthakumari A. , Selvabalaji A. , Archana S. Preethi , Anagha C. , Kumar K. 
Published: February 2022

Aim and Objective: Microleakage is the most important factor responsible for the destruction of restoration margins. The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the microleakage of three different restorative materials namely glass hybrid restorative system, zirconomer improved and Cention N under stereomicroscope.
Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro experimental study, 45 Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface of maxillary premolars. The prepared cavities were divided into three groups for restoration with Cention N(group I), Zirconomer Improved(group II), Equiaforte (group III). All the samples were thermocycled for 500 cycles between 5-55°C initially and then immersed in 0.5% methylene blue for 24 hours before sectioning. All the sectioned samples were observed for microleakage under a stereomicroscope.
Results: Data was analyzed using one way ANOVA test for comparison between three groups and the result revealed statistically significant difference between the groups(p<0.05). Post hoc Tukey test was used for intergroup comparison and it was observed that both Cention and Equiaforte are inferior to Zirconomer improved in terms of microleakage (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Zirconomer improved exhibited lower microleakage when compared to Cention N and Equiaforte cements.
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase Enzymes (ESBLs) and Slime Production of some Gram-negative Bacilli Isolated from Human, Animal and Environmental Sources in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Horsfall S. J. , Nwokah E. G. , Wachukwu C. K. , Abbey S. D. 
Published: February 2022

Aim: To determine extended-spectrum β-lactamase enzymes (ESBLS) and slime production of some Gram-negative Bacilli isolated from human, animal and environmental sources in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Study design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Trans-Amadi and Rumuodomaya Slaughters and Bob-D Ventures Poultry Farms, all in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, between July and December, 2019.
Methodology: This study was conducted at Port Harcourt and Obio/Akpor local government areas of Rivers State, Nigeria from 2019-2020. Hospital wastewater was taken from different sections at the two University Teaching Hospitals- University of Port Harcourt and Rivers State University Teaching Hospitals. Abattoir effluent water samples were taken at different sites from Trans-Amadi and Rumuodumaya Abattoirs. Chicken cloaca samples as well as Hand swab samples of Butchers were collected at the two Abattoirs. All samples were processed following standard procedures and identified organisms were assessed for susceptibilities to different antibiotics following Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion and Microbroth dilution methods. Isolates from the susceptibility testing with zone diameters found to be resistant to the Cephalosporins were suspected to be ESBL Positive (β-lactamase positive isolates). All isolates were also subjected to detection of slime production by Congo red agar plate method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Percentages and Chi square were used to summarize the data and p values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: The results showed that out of the 224 isolates, 38 (17.0%) were ESBL-producing. ESBL-producers were more frequently isolated from Hospital Wastewaters (26.3%), followed by isolates from Poultry dung samples 12(24.0%) and Abattoir Effluent waters (15.0%). No ESBL-producing bacteria was recovered from the Butchers’ Hand swabs. Again, of the 38 ESBL-producing organisms, E. coli accounted for 24 (63.2%), followed by Klebsiella spp. 8 (21.1%), while Pseudomonas sp. recorded 6 (15.8%). Of the 224 isolates, 98 (43.8) were slime-producing, while 23 (60.5%) of the 38 ESBL-producing isolates produced slime.
Conclusion: ESBL and slime producing organisms (mostly E. coli) were more frequently isolated from Hospital Wastewaters compared to other sample areas.
CAMIÑANDO POLA LINGUA E A LITERATURA GALEGAS NA ATMOSFERA CONMEMORATIVA DO XACOBEO 2021-2022
Authors: Lopes Mailson , Luna Araceli 
Published: February 2022

Por motivo do xacobeo compostelán (2021-2022) e tamén no clima do xubileu de prata da fundación do Centro de Estudos da Lingua e Cultura Galegas (CELGA), a coordinación e o lectorado deste centro de estudos galegos situado na Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) ofrecen ao público un número especial da Revista Estudos Linguísticos e Literarios dedicado á lingua e á literatura galegas. Após a coidadosa avaliación por parte de especialistas da área, chegouse a un conxunto de dezanove textos, da pluma de vinte e sete investigadores, provenientes de diversas rexións de Brasil e de Galicia — mais tamén de outros territorios, como Hungría e Estados Unidos—, que dan corpo a este volume, publicado como un marco festivo e duradeiro das tan significativas conmemoracións mencionadas.
Endometrial müllerian carcinosarcoma after cessation of tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer
Authors: Sasco A.J. , Raffi F. , Satgé D. , Goburdhun J. , Fallouh B. , Leduc B. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe aim of this report is to draw the attention of clinicians to the possible occurrence of endometrial cancers of rare histological type among women currently undergoing or having in the past undergone tamoxifen therapy, in particular for breast cancer. We report a case of heterologous mixed malignant müllerian tumor occurring in an 80‐year‐old woman. At 69, she had been diagnosed with breast cancer and received tamoxifen for a total of 55 months over a 6‐year period. In the 5th year after cessation of tamoxifen therapy, an endometrial carcinosarcoma was diagnosed. Although the association between tamoxifen use and endometrial cancer is recognized, only a few reports of occurrence long after cessation of therapy exist. We believe ours is the second for this particular histological type. Tamoxifen may have played a role in the occurrence of this tumor although it is also known that this type of tumor may arise de novo in elderly women. The etiologic hypothesis obtained from this case description will now be tested in a formal epidemiological investigation which hopefully will provide more definitive evidence.
Balloon valvuloplasty during pregnancy
Authors: Onderoglu L. , Tuncer Z.S. , Oto A. , Durukan T. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAlthough rheumatic diseases are reported to be almost eradicated in the developed countries, they still continue to contribute significantly to maternal mortality in the developing world. Surgical therapies need to be considered for those patients who do not respond satisfactorily to medication. However, valve replacement or valvulotomy during pregnancy carries significant risks for both the mother and the fetus. Two patients with severe mitral stenosis refractory to medical therapy are presented. Both patients were subjected to percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty during pregnancy without any complications. They were able to discontinue medication and deliver vaginally at term. Balloon valvuloplasty appears to be a safe alternative to conventional surgical approaches in pregnancy.
Fetal biophysical profile and vibratory acoustic stimulation in high‐risk pregnancies
Authors: Petrović O. , Frković A. , Matejčić N. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To determine the influence of the non‐stress test (NST) on the efficiency of the fetal biophysical profile (FBP) and to test the clinical usefulness of the FBP and its combination with vibratory acoustic stimulation (VAS) in managing high‐risk pregnancies. Methods: One hundred twenty fetuses of preeclamptic patients were included in a prospective study. Five standard variables of the FBP were observed ultrasonically following NST. In cases of non‐reactive NST, external VAS was applied and the FBP score calculated and compared with the FBP score before VAS. Results: Of 120 calculated FBPs, 102 (85%) had normal profile scores before VAS and 104 (86.7%) after VAS. No statistically significant difference was found. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the FBP score in predicting poor perinatal outcome were 94.7%, 94.4%, 75% and 99%, respectively. VAS produced a high conversion (58.8%) of non‐reactive NST to reactive fetal heart rate pattern. The false‐negative rate of the FBP score was 9.8 per 1000, which did not increase after VAS. Conclusions: The efficiency of the FBP score was not significantly improved by VAS, although a high conversion of non‐reactive to reactive NST was produced. The FBP with its three ‘acute biophysical variables’ was found to be an accurate method of antepartum assessment even without an NST. The low incidence of perinatal complications among patients with normal FBP scores, permits the conservative management of preterm high‐risk pregnancies.
An empirical analysis of the impact of federal budget deficits on long‐term nominal interest rate yields, 1973.2–1995.4, using alternative expected inflation measures
Authors: Cebula Richard J. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractUsing two alternative measures of expected inflation, this study investigates the impact of federal budget deficits on nominal long‐term interest rate yields for the 1973.2–1995.4 period. Based on an open‐economy loanable funds framework, four instrumental variable estimates in first differences are provided. In all cases, the budget deficit is found to elevate the nominal long‐term interest rate.
Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Preparation of Polygalacturonic Acid Transeliminase by Erwinia carotovora IFO3830
Authors: Ding Fengping , Noritomi Hidetaka , Nagahama Kunio 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis paper is concerned with optimization of the fermentation conditions for preparation of alkaline pectin lyase (poly‐galacturonic acid trans‐eliminase, PATE) by Erwinia carotovoraIFO3830 (E.C.IFO3830). The orthogonal matrix method was adopted as the experimental design method for media. The effects of media composition on the growth rate of E.C.IFO3830 are in the order of pectin > KH2PO4/Na2HPO4 > MgSO4 > (NH4)2SO4 > glucose > L‐glutamate sodium, and those on PATE activity are in the order of glucose > pectin > L‐glutamate sodium > KH2PO4/Na2HPO4 > MgSO4 > (NH4)2SO4. The strain of E.C.IFO3830 grows quickly and easily near an initial pH of 7.0, and especially at the alkaline range of pH 7.0−8.0. The growth rate profiles indicate that E.C.IFO3830 grows very quickly; its generation time t1/2 is about 0.2 h. The appropriate fermentation period is about 10−20 h for a high level productivity of biomass and 25−35 h for high productivity of PATE enzyme.
Modeling of Cryopreservation of Engineered Tissues with One‐Dimensional Geometry
Authors: Cui Z. F. , Dykhuizen R. C. , Nerem R. M. , Sembanis A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractLong‐term storage of engineered bio‐artificial tissues is required to ensure the off‐the‐shelf availability to clinicians due to their long production cycle. Cryopreservation is likely the choice for long‐term preservation. Although the cryopreservation of cells is well established for many cell types, cryopreservation of tissues is far more complicated. Cells at different locations in the tissue could experience very different local environmental changes, i.e., the change of concentration of cryoprotecting chemicals (CPA) and temperature, during the addition/removal of CPA and cooling/warming, which leads to nonuniformity in cell survival in the tissue. This is due to the limitation of mass and heat transfer within the tissue. A specific aim of cryopreservation of tissue is to ensure a maximum recovery of cells and their functionality throughout a tissue. Cells at all locations should be protected adequately by the CPA and frozen at rates conducive to survival. It is hence highly desirable to know the cell transient and final states during cryopreservation within the whole tissue, which can be best studied by mathematical modeling. In this work, a model framework for cryopreservation of one‐dimensional artificial tissues is developed on the basis of solving the coupled equations to describe the mass and heat transfer within the tissue and osmotic transport through the cell membrane. Using an artificial pancreas as an example, we carried out a simulation to examine the temperature history, cell volume, solute redistribution, and other state parameters during the freezing of the spherical heterogeneous construct (a single bead). It is found that the parameters affecting the mass transfer of CPA in tissue and through the cell membrane and the freezing rate play dominant roles in affecting the cell volume transient and extracellular ice formation. Thermal conductivity and extracellular ice formation kinetics, on the other hand, have little effect on cell transient and final states, as the heat transfer rate is much faster than mass diffusion. The outcome of such a model study can be used to evaluate the construct design on its survivability during cryopreservation and to select a cryopreservation protocol to achieve maximum cell survival.
Directed Evolution of N‐Carbamyl‐d‐amino Acid Amidohydrolase for Simultaneous Improvement of Oxidative and Thermal Stability
Authors: Oh Ki‐Hoon , Nam Sung‐Hun , Kim Hak‐Sung 
Published: July 2002

AbstractDirected evolution of N‐carbamyl‐d‐amino acid amidohydrolase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens NRRL B11291 was attempted in order to simultaneously improve oxidative and thermal stability. A mutant library was generated by DNA shuffling, and positive clones with improved oxidative and thermal stability were screened on the basis of the activity staining method on a solid agar plate containing pH indicator (phenol red) and substrate ( N‐carbamyl‐d‐ p‐hydroxyphenylglycine). Two rounds of directed evolution resulted in the best mutant 2S3 with a significantly improved stability. Oxidative stability of the evolved enzyme 2S3 was about 18‐fold higher than that of the wild type, and it also showed an 8‐fold increased thermostability. The Km value of 2S3 was comparable to that of wild‐type enzyme, but kcat was slightly decreased. DNA sequence analysis revealed that six amino acid residues (Q23L, V40A, H58Y, G75S, M184L, and T262A) were substituted in 2S3. From the mutational analysis, four mutations (Q23L, H58Y, M184L, and T262A) were found to lead to an improvement of both oxidative and thermal stability. Of them, T262A had the most significant effect, and V40A and G75S only increased the oxidative stability.
Cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans
Authors: Brucato Sylvie , Bocquet Jean , Villers Corinne 
Published: July 2002

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) regulates diversified biological functions in rat Sertoli cells. This report demonstrates that bFGF inhibits steroidogenesis in developing rat Sertoli cells. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)‐stimulated estradiol production was reduced by bFGF. Moreover, the amount of cytochrome P450 aromatase, responsible for the irreversible transformation of androgens into estrogens, is decreased by bFGF at the transcriptional level. The bFGF inhibitory effect was also observed in the presence of dibutyryl‐cAMP, cholera toxin or RO‐20‐1724, all inducing high levels of cAMP, the second messenger of FSH.Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) were shown to be required as cofactors for bFGF signaling. Indeed, sodium chlorate, described to drastically decrease proteoglycan sulfation, abolishes the bFGF downregulation of FSH‐stimulated estradiol synthesis previously observed. Glypican‐1, syndecan‐1 and ‐4, potential bFGF coreceptors, are mainly regulated at the transcriptional level. This report shows that the bFGF regulation of their expression specifically depends on the nature of HSPG and of the Sertoli cell developmental stage.In conclusion, HSPG are partners and the target of bFGF in rat Sertoli cells.
The decomposition of cocoa leaves and their effect on phosphorus dynamics in tropical soil
Authors: Ofori‐Frimpong K. , Rowell D. L. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryHigher‐yielding varieties of cocoa make heavier demands on phosphorus resources in soils and so it is important that the role of leaf litter in cycling P is understood. Fresh cocoa leaves and leaf litter were incubated moist with a soil inoculum for 80 days when between 16 and 33% of the mass was lost. Materials containing large amounts of P or incubated with added inorganic P initially decomposed more rapidly than those containing smaller amounts, indicating that decomposition was limited by lack of P. Fresh leaves had half of their P in an acid‐soluble (0.1 m H2SO4) form, most of which was also water soluble, whereas in the litters about a third was acid‐soluble. During incubation, P‐rich materials showed an increase in the acid‐soluble fraction and a decrease in water‐soluble P. Litters with small concentrations of P simply lost P from the acid‐soluble into the non‐soluble organic fraction, and no water‐soluble P remained after 80 days.–A soil from a cocoa‐growing site fertilized with P contained almost four times as much biomass P as the non‐fertilized control (30 and 8 mg kg–1 soil, respectively), the amounts of bicarbonate‐extractable P being 32 and 4 mg kg–1. Soils from these and one other cocoa‐growing site (8 mg kg–1 biomass P, 7 mg kg–1 bicarbonate‐extractable P) were incubated either alone, with cocoa litter, or with cocoa litter plus inorganic P. In the soil that had the small amount of NaHCO3‐extractable P (4 mg kg–1) addition of litter caused the biomass P to increase from 8 to 16 mg kg–1 after 1 week's incubation, the increase being larger than the amount of P added in the litter, but in the other two soils biomass P was not increased. Addition of inorganic P had no effect on biomass P in any of the soils.–Decomposing litter may compete with the crop for P, but addition of fertilizer P may increase the rate of mineralization of organic P in the litter. Suitable management of fertilizer P should allow the rate of release of P from the litter to be adjusted to suit crop demands.