bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loneliness, internalizing symptoms, and inflammatory markers in adolescent COVID‐19 survivors
Authors: Akçay Elif , Çöp Esra , Dinç Gülser Senses , Göker Zeynep , Parlakay Aslınur Özkaya , Demirel Betül Damla , Mutlu Müge , Kırmızı Begüm 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundConcerns about the psychiatric sequelae after COVID‐19 infection have increased as the pandemic spreads worldwide. The increase in self‐isolation during this pandemic period has also revealed the importance of feelings of loneliness. This study aimed to examine the relationship between baseline inflammation levels, internalizing symptoms, and feelings of loneliness in adolescent COVID‐19 survivors in the long term.MethodsA total of 74 adolescents (41 girls, 55.4%, mean age 14.88) and their parents were included in the study. This cross‐sectional study assessed internalizing symptoms via Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) and feelings of loneliness using the UCLA‐loneliness scale. Baseline inflammatory markers at COVID‐19 diagnosis were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors for depression in adolescents.ResultsThe most common disorder was Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (25.7%), and 33.8% of the adolescents were in the clinical range in at least one internalizing domain. Baseline C‐Reactive Protein (CRP) levels correlated weakly with MDD scores. Loneliness scores correlated with all internalizing symptoms, strong association with MDD scores. Loneliness, anxiety, and parental anxiety were associated with an increased likelihood of MDD. Baseline CRP positivity did not predict MDD in adolescent COVID‐19 survivors.ConclusionsThis study indicates that anxiety, loneliness, and parental anxiety play an important role in adolescents' experience of depressive symptoms after COVID‐19 infection. Thus, screening parental psychopathology and loneliness in COVID‐19 survivors seems to be preventive for adolescent mental health problems.
The value of shareholder rights in family firms: Global evidence from a death in the family
Authors: Tanyeri Günsür Başak , Alp Ezgi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch QuestionHow does the protection of shareholder rights affect the pricing of family firms?Research FindingsInvestor reaction to a death in the family, measured using abnormal stock returns, averages 0.58% and is significant. Investors perceive the death to be a value enhancing event with the potential to dilute family control. The positive investor reaction is amplified in countries and periods with weaker protection of shareholder rights.Theoretical ImplicationsExternal and internal corporate governance mechanisms limit the extent to which majority shareholders can take actions that hurt firm value. As such, investor perceptions of how faithfully their interests are protected depend on the extent to which legal rules protect shareholder rights.Policy ImplicationsInvestors pay attention to the regulatory environment of the country, as well as corporate governance in the firm when evaluating agency costs. Our research has important policy implications because we show how better protection of shareholder rights affects the pricing and hence the funding costs of family firms.
On the relation between corruption and market competition
Authors: Varvarigos Dimitrios , Stathopoulou Eleni 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe construct a model where bureaucrats are corruptible, in the sense that they may accept bribes in order to mislead the authorities on the actual circumstances of firms that do not comply with a government regulation. We show that corruption increases the number of competing firms. We also show that increased competition (i) increases the likelihood that corruptible bureaucrats will actually transgress, and (ii) increases the bribe that corrupt bureaucrats will demand from each firm. These results are consistent with existing evidence showing a positive relation between competition and corruption, and that this causal relation operates in both directions.
Progress report on new antiepileptic drugs: A summary of the Sixteenth Eilat Conference on New Antiepileptic Drugs and Devices (EILAT XVI): I. Drugs in preclinical and early clinical development
Authors: Bialer Meir , Johannessen Svein I. , Koepp Matthias J. , Levy René H. , Perucca Emilio , Perucca Piero , Tomson Torbjörn , White H. Steve 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Eilat Conferences have provided a forum for discussion of novel treatments of epilepsy among basic and clinical scientists, clinicians, and representatives from regulatory agencies as well as from the pharmaceutical industry for 3 decades. Initially with a focus on pharmacological treatments, the Eilat Conferences now also include sessions dedicated to devices for treatment and monitoring. The Sixteenth Eilat Conference on New Antiepileptic Drugs and Devices (EILAT XVI) was held in Madrid, Spain, on May 22–25, 2022 and was attended by 157 delegates from 26 countries. As in previous Eilat Conferences, the core of EILAT XVI consisted of a sequence of sessions where compounds under development were presented and discussed. This progress report summarizes preclinical and, when available, phase 1 clinical data on five different investigational compounds in preclinical or early clinical development, namely GAO‐3‐02, GRT‐X, NBI‐921352 (formerly XEN901), OV329, and XEN496 (a pediatric granular formulation of retigabine/ezogabine). Overall, the data presented in this report illustrate novel strategies for developing antiseizure medications, including an interest in novel molecular targets, and a trend to pursue potential new treatments for rare and previously neglected severe epilepsy syndromes.
Tongue ties do not widen the upper airways in racehorses
Authors: Barton Ann Kristin , Troppenz Anne , Klaus Dana , Lindenberg Inga , Merle Roswitha , Gehlen Heidrun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is contradictory evidence on the potential benefits of tongue ties on upper airway function and their efficacy in inhibiting intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) in racehorses.ObjectivesTo test the hypothesis that tongue ties increase the pharyngeal diameter and decrease the occurrence of dynamic airway obstruction in racehorses.Study designProspective, crossover blinded clinical study.MethodsData of 22 Thoroughbred and 8 Standardbred racehorses examined using overground endoscopy under full‐intensity exercise on training racetracks with and without fixation of the tongue by use of tongue ties were analysed. Equivalent exercise intensity was ensured by measuring heart rate (bpm), speed (GPS) and venous lactate. Pharyngeal diameter was expressed as pharyngeal‐epiglottis (PE) ratios and laryngeal abduction accordingly as laryngeal‐median‐ratios. Data were analysed using multivariable repeated‐measurements ANOVA.ResultsThe PE ratio increased significantly from 1.11 ± 0.19 to 1.28 ± 0.30 in all horses between rest and full‐intensity exercise (p < 0.01). Multi‐variable analysis revealed that this effect decreased significantly by the application of tongue ties (1.15 ± 0.27,p < 0.01). Tongue ties did not influence maximum laryngeal width (p = 0.09) and area (p = 0.2) significantly. DDSP was found in 4 of 30 examinations with tongue tie and in 1 of 30 examinations without tongue tie.Main limitationsThe study population was not randomly chosen and was heterogeneous. Few horses had a respiratory noise and the prevalence of upper respiratory tract disorders was too low for statistical comparison of the rate of DDSP with and without tongue ties.ConclusionsA positive effect of tongue ties on pharyngeal or laryngeal diameters was not found in this study. Therefore, the results of this study do not support the use of tongue ties to enhance upper airway function.
Local groundwater decline exacerbates response of dryland riparian woodlands to climatic drought
Authors: Williams Jared , Stella John C. , Voelker Steven L. , Lambert Adam M. , Pelletier Lissa M. , Drake John E. , Friedman Jonathan M. , Roberts Dar A. , Singer Michael Bliss 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDryland riparian woodlands are considered to be locally buffered from droughts by shallow and stable groundwater levels. However, climate change is causing more frequent and severe drought events, accompanied by warmer temperatures, collectively threatening the persistence of these groundwater dependent ecosystems through a combination of increasing evaporative demand and decreasing groundwater supply. We conducted a dendro‐isotopic analysis of radial growth and seasonal (semi‐annual) carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C) to investigate the response of riparian cottonwood stands to the unprecedented California‐wide drought from 2012 to 2019, along the largest remaining free‐flowing river in Southern California. Our goals were to identify principal drivers and indicators of drought stress for dryland riparian woodlands, determine their thresholds of tolerance to hydroclimatic stressors, and ultimately assess their vulnerability to climate change. Riparian trees were highly responsive to drought conditions along the river, exhibiting suppressed growth and strong stomatal closure (inferred from reduced Δ13C) during peak drought years. However, patterns of radial growth and Δ13C were quite variable among sites that differed in climatic conditions and rate of groundwater decline. We show that the rate of groundwater decline, as opposed to climate factors, was the primary driver of site differences in drought stress, and trees showed greater sensitivity to temperature at sites subjected to faster groundwater decline. Across sites, higher correlation between radial growth and Δ13C for individual trees, and higher inter‐correlation of Δ13C among trees were indicative of greater drought stress. Trees showed a threshold of tolerance to groundwater decline at 0.5 m year−1 beyond which drought stress became increasingly evident and severe. For sites that exceeded this threshold, peak physiological stress occurred when total groundwater recession exceeded ~3 m. These findings indicate that drought‐induced groundwater decline associated with more extreme droughts is a primary threat to dryland riparian woodlands and increases their susceptibility to projected warmer temperatures.
Danced movement in human geographic research: A methodological discussion
Authors: Baker Gabriel , Kindon Sara , Beausoleil Emily 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs central as bodily movement might be to geographic research, its potential as methodology is only beginning to be explored within the discipline. This paper contributes to this emerging scholarship by reviewing recent work from human geography and allied disciplines which acknowledges the importance of embodied knowledges and engages movement‐based methodologies to surface and interrogate them. In this paper we address the relative lack of attention to, and exploration of, danced movement as methodology in human geography. Drawing on a variety of scholarship we argue that danced movement is of interest to current epistemological standpoints within geography, with potential to enrich existing embodied and mobile methodological approaches, as well as serve as distinct methodology in itself, with several promising applications in geographic research already clear.
Why efforts to fight corruption can undermine the social contract: Lessons from a survey experiment in Nigeria
Authors: Cheeseman Nic , Peiffer Caryn 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAnticorruption awareness raising efforts are designed to encourage citizens to resist and report corruption but have been found to either not work or have unwanted effects—including increasing bribe payment. This article represents the first test of whether these efforts also undermine critical aspects of a society's social contract, namely, willingness to pay tax. Using a household level survey experiment in Lagos, Nigeria, we assess whether exposure to five messages about (anti)corruption influence citizens' belief that they have a duty to pay taxes, or “tax morale”. Though they were different in tone and content, four of the five messages undermined tax morale. We argue that this is likely because anti‐corruption messages raise awareness of corruption risks, and hence concerns that taxes will be wasted. In turn, this highlights a new potential unintended and unwanted consequence of policy interventions that focus on raising awareness of government failings.
N‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenethyl)‐6‐methyl‐2,3,4,9‐tetrahydro‐1H‐carbazol‐1‐amine inhibits bladder cancer progression by suppressing YAP1/TAZ
Authors: Shiraishi Yusuke , Maehama Tomohiko , Nishio Miki , Otani Junji , Hikasa Hiroki , Mak Tak Wah , Sasaki Takehiko , Honma Teruki , Kondoh Yasumitsu , Osada Hiroyuki , Yoshida Minoru , Fujisawa Masato , Suzuki Akira 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBladder cancer (BlC) is the fourth most common cancer in males worldwide, but few systemic chemotherapy options for its effective treatment exist. The development of new molecularly‐targeted agents against BlC is therefore an urgent issue. The Hippo signaling pathway, with its upstream LATS kinases and downstream transcriptional co‐activators YAP1 and TAZ, plays a pivotal role in diverse cell functions, including cell proliferation. Recent studies have shown that overexpression of YAP1 occurs in advanced BlCs and is associated with poor patient prognosis. Accessing data from our previous screening of a chemical library of compounds targeting the Hippo pathway, we identified DMPCA (N‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenethyl)‐6‐methyl‐2,3,4,9‐tetrahydro‐1H‐carbazol‐1‐amine) as an agent able to induce the phosphorylation of LATS1 and YAP1/TAZ in BlC cells, thereby suppressing their viability both in vitro and in mouse xenografts. Our data indicate that DMPCA has a potent anti‐tumor effect, and raise the possibility that this agent may represent a new and effective therapeutic option for BlC.
In‐Well Degassing of Monitoring Wells Completed in Gas‐Charged Aquifers
Authors: Morais Tiago A. , Ryan M. Cathryn 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTotal dissolved gas pressure (PTDG) measurements are useful to measure accurate in situ dissolved gas concentrations in groundwater, but challenged by in‐well degassing. Although in‐well degassing has been widely observed, its cause(s) are not clear. We investigated the mechanism(s) by which gas‐charged groundwater in a recently pumped well becomes degassed. Vertical PTDG and dissolved gas concentration profiles were monitored in the standing water column (SWC) of a groundwater well screened in a gas‐charged aquifer for 7 days before and 15 days after pumping. Prior to pumping, PTDG values remained relatively constant and below calculated bubbling pressure (PBUB) at all depths. In contrast, significant increases in PTDG were observed at all depths after pumping was initiated, as fresh groundwater with elevated in situ PTDG values was pumped through the well screen. After pumping ceased, PTDG values decreased to below PBUB at all depths over the 15‐day post‐pumping period, indicating well degassing was active over this time frame. Vertical profiles of estimated dissolved gas concentrations before and after pumping provided insight into the mechanism(s) by which in‐well degassing occurred in the SWC. During both monitoring periods, downward mixing of dominant atmospheric and/or tracer gases, and upwards mixing of dominant groundwater gases were observed in the SWC. The key mechanisms responsible for in‐well degassing were (i) bubble exsolution when PTDG exceeded PBUB as gas‐charged well water moves upwards in the SWC during recovery (i.e., hydraulic gradient driven convection), (ii) microadvection caused by the upward migration of bubbles under buoyancy, and (iii) long‐term, thermally driven vertical convection.
Effects of antimicrobial mouthwashes on the human oral microbiome: Systematic review of controlled clinical trials
Authors: do Amaral Guilherme Castro Lima Silva , Hassan Mohamed Ahmed , Sloniak Mariane Cristina , Pannuti Cláudio Mendes , Romito Giuseppe A. , Villar Cristina Cunha 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis review aimed to assess the impact of mouthwashes on the composition of the human oral microbiome.MethodAn electronic search algorithm was adapted to MEDLINE‐PubMed, Scopus, Embase and ISI Web of Science, and reference lists of relevant sources were manually searched. Inclusion criteria were controlled clinical trials published in English whose population were adult individuals who rinse with antimicrobial mouthwashes and that analysed changes in the oral microbiome by metataxonomy, metagenomics or phylogenetic microarray. Identified studies were screened and assessed following the PRISMA guidelines, and results were compiled into qualitative synthesis of the evidence.ResultsFive controlled clinical studies were included. These studies found associations between the daily use of mouthwashes and changes in the oral microbiome, but the nature of the effect varied according to the mouthwash. Chlorhexidine (CHX) rinses lowered microbial diversity. While 7‐day use of CHX led to increases in the abundance of Neisseria, Streptococcus and Granulicatella and a decrease in the abundance of Actinomyces, its prolonged use led to widespread reductions in several genera and species. Cetylpyridinium chloride‐containing mouthwashes specifically lowered the abundance of gingivitis‐associated genera. In contrast, N‐acetyl cysteine‐based mouthwashes did not promote changes in the oral microbiome.ConclusionsDespite substantial heterogeneity, we found evidence to support the hypothesis that CHX and CPC mouthwashes promote changes in oral microbial structure and/or reductions in community diversity that favour the resolution of dysbiosis. However, future large population‐based studies of adequate duration are needed to fully understand the extent to which antimicrobial mouthwashes modulate the microbiome.
Consistency matters: The interaction effect of grooming and dress style on hirability
Authors: Wang Haizhen , Zhang Ruoyong , Ding Lin , Mei Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGrooming and dress style have both been found to influence the probability of a job applicant being hired. We argue that as these two elements take effect simultaneously during a job application, it is necessary to simultaneously examine the interaction of these two elements of appearance. Based on cue consistency theory, we propose that grooming and a gender‐inconsistent dress style weaken the effects of each other, especially when the evaluators are men. We used three samples to progressively test our hypotheses. With Sample 1 (n = 142), we found that masculine dress weakened the positive effect of grooming on the hirability of female applicants. Furthermore, the interaction effect of grooming and dress style was stronger for male than for female evaluators. With Sample 2 (n = 152), we found that perceived competence mediated the two‐way interaction effect of grooming and dress style on hirability. We used Sample 3 (n = 155) to further examine whether these findings could be generalized to male applicants and found that the interaction effect of grooming and masculine dress was stronger for male than for female evaluators.
Long‐term outcomes of Blocksom vesicostomy for elderly patients with chronic urinary retention
Authors: Tobu Shohei , Noguchi Mitsuru 
Published: August 2022

PurposeTo report on the long‐term outcomes of vesicostomy in elderly patients with chronic urinary retention.Materials and methodsWe conducted a study of 16 elderly patients with chronic urinary retention who underwent Blocksom vesicostomy between April 2010 and March 2021. Postoperative follow‐up was conducted every 3 months to check for abnormal findings, such as stoma outlet obstruction, infection, bleeding, bladder prolapse, and bladder stones. The incidence of these findings and the time until they occurred, as well as the rate of achieving a catheter‐free status and the time until catheter reinsertion, were then calculated using the Kaplan–Meier curve.ResultsThe mean age (±standard deviation) of patients whose cases were observed was 78.6 (±7.8) years; the oldest patient was 87 years of age. The study population included 14 male patients and 2 female patients, with a higher number of males. The causes of urinary retention included neurogenic bladder in 12 patients (including patients with 3 spinal cord injury), advanced prostate cancer in 2 patients, and iatrogenic urethral stricture in 2 patients. The average follow‐up period was 55.7 months. During follow‐up, 14 patients (87.5% of the total) achieved a catheter‐free status under conditions that required no additional treatment. Complications were observed in 6 cases (37.5%); among them, two cases required reoperation. All complications were observed within 2 years after surgery.ConclusionBlocksom vesicostomy may become a viable option in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic urinary retention whose symptoms do not improve with medical therapy.
An efficient implementation of a VNS heuristic for the weighted fair sequences problem
Authors: Rocha Caroline , Pessoa Bruno J.S. , Aloise Daniel , Cabral Lucidio A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the weighted fair sequences problem (WFSP), one aims to schedule a set of tasks or activities sthat the maximum product between the largest temporal distance between two consecutive executions of a task and its priority is minimized. The WFSP covers a large number of applications in different areas, ranging from automobile production on a mixed‐model assembly line to the sequencing of interactive applications to be aired in a digital TV environment. This paper proposes an iterative heuristic method for the WFSP centered on an efficient implementation of a variable neighborhood search heuristic. Computational experiments on benchmark instances show that the proposed metaheuristic outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art method proposed to the problem, obtaining comparable solution values in much less computational time.