bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New fathers, ideal workers? New players in the field of father‐friendly work organizations
Authors: Balan Claudia , van den Brink Marieke , Benschop Yvonne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article explores novel forms of proactive support for fathers in organizations and analyzes how newly instituted organizational promoters of father‐friendliness in Germany (organizational consultants, fathers' representatives, and fathers' networks) legitimize and strengthen organizational acceptance of fathers' use of family‐friendly workplace arrangements. Bringing together the notions of organizational masculinity, the ideal worker norm, and postfeminism, the paper focuses on caring formations of postfeminist masculinity at work and how they contribute to gender change in organizations. The analysis shows that organizational promoters construct father‐friendliness in three ways (I) by constructing a new, “caring” organizational masculinity, (II) by creating organizational value for care‐related practices, (III) by framing father‐friendliness as a prerequisite for gender equality. Our theoretical argument is that configurations of positive masculinities are possible within a postfeminist culture, and they produce incremental yet limited gender change through a reshaped organizational masculinity and a reframed “ideal worker” within organizations. The study of a rather unique group of change agents in organizations shows how additional offerings for fathers might contribute to changing gendered assumptions about care in organizations.
Patient views on asthma diagnosis and how a clinical decision support system could help: A qualitative study
Authors: Canny Anne , Donaghy Eddie , Murray Victoria , Campbell Leo , Stonham Carol , Bush Andrew , McKinstry Brian , Milne Heather , Pinnock Hilary , Daines Luke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionMaking a diagnosis of asthma can be challenging for clinicians and patients. A clinical decision support system (CDSS) for use in primary care including a patient‐facing mode, could change how information is shared between patients and healthcare professionals and improve the diagnostic process.MethodsParticipants diagnosed with asthma within the last 5 years were recruited from general practices across four UK regions. In‐depth interviews were used to explore patient experiences relating to their asthma diagnosis and to understand how a CDSS could be used to improve the diagnostic process for patients. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a thematic approach.ResultsSeventeen participants (12 female) undertook interviews, including 14 individuals and 3 parents of children with asthma. Being diagnosed with asthma was generally considered an uncertain process. Participants felt a lack of consultation time and poor communication affected their understanding of asthma and what to expect. Had the nature of asthma and the steps required to make a diagnosis been explained more clearly, patients felt their understanding and engagement in asthma self‐management could have been improved. Participants considered that a CDSS could provide resources to support the diagnostic process, prompt dialogue, aid understanding and support shared decision‐making.ConclusionUndergoing an asthma diagnosis was uncertain for patients if their ideas and concerns were not addressed by clinicians and were influenced by a lack of consultation time and limitations in communication. An asthma diagnosis CDSS could provide structure and an interface to prompt dialogue, provide visuals about asthma to aid understanding and encourage patient involvement.Patient and Public ContributionPrespecified semistructured interview topic guides (young person and adult versions) were developed by the research team and piloted with members of the Asthma UK Centre for Applied Research Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) group. Findings were regularly discussed within the research group and with PPI colleagues to aid the interpretation of data.
Oxidation resistance and thermal cycling properties of the SiCnws–SiC coating on the C/SiC composites
Authors: Wang Bo , Zhang Fan , Hao Jianjie , He Ping , Shi Wei , Tan Yi , Li Jiayan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSiC coatings reinforced with SiC nanowires were prepared on carbon/silicon carbide (C/SiC) composites through chemical vapor reaction route and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The SiC nanowires were introduced to mainly improve the interface bonding properties of the coating and C/SiC composites. The microstructure, phase composition, thermal cycling, and bonding strength of the SiCnws–SiC coating were investigated. After nine thermal cycles, the weight loss of the SiCnws–SiC‐coated C/SiC composites was only 4.6 wt.%. Tensile test results show that the tensile strength of the SiCnws–SiC‐coated C/SiC composites was more than 4.5–4.6 MPa. The introduction of SiC nanowires effectively improved interface bonding strength, thus enhancing the thermal cycling and mechanical properties of the coating.
Because it is brand new! Recency heuristic for product innovativeness evaluation
Authors: Min Bora 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis research identifies recency heuristic utilized by consumers with limited prior knowledge for product innovativeness evaluation. Consumers with limited prior knowledge of a product category perceived a new product as more innovative when its release date was more recent, while consumers with prior knowledge remained uninfluenced by recency information (Study 1). The effect was replicated at the product level (Study 2). It further demonstrates two critical boundary conditions—when recency was either irrelevant information or a rationally legitimate evaluative tool, recency heuristic was inapplicable (Study 3). The present research draws attention to the role of recency in conceptualizing product innovativeness and further elaborates the understanding of how the construct of innovativeness is represented in consumers' minds by focusing on the conceptual relationship of novelty and recency. It also contributes to the heuristic literature by proposing recency as an evaluative heuristic tool for innovativeness assessment. Results provide managers with practical insight into whether to highlight or downplay product release date information depending on their target audience and the level of product innovativeness.
Empowering health care consumers in the era of Internet of Things
Authors: François Julien , Audrain‐Pontevia Anne‐Françoise , Menvielle Loick , Chevalier Nicolas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is emerging as a significant development in information technology that aims to link the digital world with the real world to improve human life. IoT refers to digital tools collecting data and providing hyper‐personalized information to its users. With the rapid integration of the IoT in the healthcare sector (HIoT), it has been presumed that HIoT devices have an empowering effect on patients; however, this has yet to be investigated. Furthermore, the literature reveals a lack of consistency regarding the definition of patient empowerment. This study aims to fill these gaps and investigates whether HIoT systems increase user empowerment for individuals suffering from chronic illnesses. It also examines how empowerment is defined for HIoT users. To answer these two research questions, we conducted a qualitative research study consisting of 20 semi‐structured, in‐depth interviews carried out with individuals suffering from Type 1 diabetes (T1D). The interviews were transcribed and content analysis was conducted on the data. The study enabled us to examine whether and how the HIoT triggered empowerment for patients suffering from T1D. Findings reveal four main dimensions of empowerment for HIoT users: (1) self‐efficacy, (2) patient control, (3) knowledge development and (4) participation in the decision‐making process along with the doctor. Results also highlight that participants feel empowered by personal acceptance of living with their health condition and social support. In addition, the analysis led to the identification of the barriers which need to be overcome to ensure that HloT systems improve patient empowerment.
Non‐destructive prediction of total soluble solids and titratable acidity in Kyoho grape using hyperspectral imaging and deep learning algorithm
Authors: Xu Min , Sun Jun , Cheng Jiehong , Yao Kunshan , Wu Xiaohong , Zhou Xin 
Published: November 2022

SummaryTotal soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA) are essential quality properties for postharvest commercialisation of grapes. This study aimed to estimate the TSS and TA in grapes using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technique in the range of 400–1001 nm. A deep learning‐based stacked auto‐encoders (SAE) algorithm was developed to extract deep spectral features from pixel‐level spectra. Then, these features with a compensation factor (i.e. size of fruits) were fed into partial least squares (PLS) and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) for predicting TSS and TA in grapes. Additionally, competitive adaptive reweighed sampling and successive projections algorithm as conventional wavelength selection approaches were also investigated for comparison. The optimal prediction accuracy was achieved by the SAE‐LSSVM model with size compensation, where , RMSEP = 0.5041% and for TSS; , RMSEP = 0.1091 g L−1 and for TA. The results suggested that SAE has great potential for extracting features from pixel‐level hyperspectral image data; the well‐performed deep learning model SAE‐LSSVM with size compensation can be used for rapid and non‐destructive predicting TSS and TA in grapes, which may provide a valuable reference for internal quality evaluation of postharvest fruits via HSI technique.
La législation du travail et son influence sur la segmentation du marché du travail en Amérique latine
Authors: BENSUSÁN AREOUS Graciela 
Published: November 2022

RésuméLes auteurs analysent l'effet de la segmentation juridique sur le marché du travail dans cinq pays d'Amérique latine – Argentine, Brésil, Chili, Mexique et Uruguay – en reprenant la typologie du droit du travail de Dingeldey et al. (2021). Trois mécanismes interviennent: l'exclusion (aux dépens des indépendants), les traitements préférentiels et le défaut d'application (soit l'informalité, encouragée par un contrôle défaillant et un contexte productif défavorable). Tous contribuent aux inégalités et à la précarité. L'analyse fait aussi apparaître des variations dans l'intensité et la nature de la protection de l'emploi typique et atypique, ainsi que certains mécanismes compensatoires ou destinés à remédier aux inégalités de traitement.
La segmentation juridique en Chine, en Inde, en Malaisie et au Viet Nam
Authors: COONEY Sean 
Published: November 2022

RésuméL'auteur analyse les phénomènes d'exclusion et de hiérarchisation en matière de protection des travailleurs dans quatre pays d'Asie (Chine, Inde, Malaisie et Viet Nam), en reprenant l'approche de la segmentation juridique de Dingeldey et al. (2021), mais dans une perspective qualitative. Plusieurs facteurs distinguent ces pays de ceux du monde du Nord et expliquent les spécificités de leurs marchés du travail: le nombre relativement important des travailleurs exclus du champ d'application de la législation du travail; la terminologie juridique, difficilement transposable, et le contexte historique (le passé colonial contribuant à expliquer l'écart entre le cadre légal et la réalité du travail).
Diabetes and hyperglycaemia among hospitalised patients with COVID‐19 in Western Sydney: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cheung N. Wah , Gilroy Nicky , Hor Amanda , Jose Suja , Kairaitis Kristina , Nayyar Vineet , O'Sullivan Matthew V. N. , Wheatley John , Chipps David R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes has been recognised as a major risk factor for COVID‐19 mortality and hospital complications in earlier studies.AimsTo examine the characteristics of hospitalised COVID‐19 patients with diabetes and the impact of diabetes and hyperglycaemia on hospital outcomes.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study. Admission glucose levels, HbA1c, diabetes status and hospital outcomes were determined for subjects admitted from June to November 2021 by matching a pathology data set, a clinical data set and the hospital administrative database. The outcomes of interest were death, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and length of stay (LOS).ResultsThere were 1515 individuals admitted with COVID‐19 with 49 deaths (3.2%) and 205 (13.5%) ICU admissions. The median length of hospital stay was 3.7 days. Three hundred and ten patients (20%) had diabetes, with 46 (15%) newly diagnosed. Patients with diabetes had a higher mortality than patients who did not have diabetes (8% vs 2%, P < 0.001), were more likely to be admitted to ICU (20% vs 12%, P = 0.001) and have longer median LOS stay (6.6 (interquartile range (IQR) 2.9–12.5) vs 2.9 (IQR 0.5–7.1) days, P < 0.001). In multivariate models, neither diabetes nor admission glucose predicted death. Admission glucose level but not diabetes was an independent predictor of ICU admission and LOS.ConclusionsThere is a high prevalence of diabetes among patients hospitalised with COVID‐19, with worse outcomes. In contrast to previous studies, the association of diabetes with mortality was not significant when adjusted for other variables. This is possibly related to the benefits of vaccination and current medical and ICU interventions.
Distinct contributions of the innate immune receptors TLR2 and RP105 to formation and architecture of structured lung granulomas in mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Donovan Meg L. , Bielefeldt‐Ohmann Helle , Rollo Rachel F. , McPherson Stephen J. , Schultz Thomas E. , Mori Giorgia , Kling Jessica C. , Blumenthal Antje 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGranulomas are key histopathological features of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, with complex roles in pathogen control and dissemination. Thus, understanding drivers and regulators of granuloma formation is important for improving tuberculosis diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Yet, molecular mechanisms underpinning granuloma formation and dynamics remain poorly understood. Here we used low‐dose Mtb infection of C57BL/6 mice, which elicits structured lung granulomas composed of central macrophage clusters encased by a lymphocyte mantle, alongside the disorganized lymphocyte and macrophage clusters commonly observed in Mtb‐infected mice. Using gene‐deficient mice, we observed that Toll‐like receptor (TLR) 2 and the TLR‐related Radioprotective 105 kDa protein (RP105) contributed to the extent and spatial positioning of pathology in infected lung tissues, consistent with functional cooperation between TLR2 and RP105 in the innate immune recognition of Mtb. In mice infected with the highly virulent Mtb clinical isolate HN878, TLR2, but not RP105, positively regulated the extent of central macrophage regions within structured granulomas. Moreover, RP105, but not TLR2, promoted the formation of structured lung granulomas, suggesting that the functions of RP105 as an innate immune sensor for Mtb reach beyond its roles as TLR2 co‐receptor. TLR2 and RP105 contributions to lung pathology are governed by Mtb biology, as neither receptor affected the frequency or architecture of structured granulomas in mice infected with the reference strain Mtb H37Rv. Thus, by revealing distinctive as well as cooperative functions of TLR2 and RP105 in lung pathology, our data identify TLRs as molecular determinants of TB granuloma formation and architecture, and expand understanding of how interactions between innate immune receptors and Mtb shape TB disease manifestation.
Kidney diseases
Authors: Daina Erica , Cortinovis Monica , Remuzzi Giuseppe 
Published: November 2022

SummaryDysregulation and accelerated activation of the alternative pathway (AP) of complement is known to cause or accentuate several pathologic conditions in which kidney injury leads to the appearance of hematuria and proteinuria and ultimately to the development of chronic renal failure. Multiple genetic and acquired defects involving plasma‐ and membrane‐associated proteins are probably necessary to impair the protection of host tissues and to confer a significant predisposition to AP‐mediated kidney diseases. This review aims to explore how our current understanding will make it possible to identify the mechanisms that underlie AP‐mediated kidney diseases and to discuss the available clinical evidence that supports complement‐directed therapies. Although the value of limiting uncontrolled complement activation has long been recognized, incorporating complement‐targeted treatments into clinical use has proved challenging. Availability of anti‐complement therapy has dramatically transformed the outcome of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, one of the most severe kidney diseases. Innovative drugs that directly counteract AP dysregulation have also opened new perspectives for the management of other kidney diseases in which complement activation is involved. However, gained experience indicates that the choice of drug should be tailored to each patient's characteristics, including clinical, histologic, genetic, and biochemical parameters. Successfully treating patients requires further research in the field and close collaboration between clinicians and researchers who have special expertise in the complement system.
The susceptibility of the kidney to alternative pathway activation—A hypothesis
Authors: Thurman Joshua M. , Harrison Richard A. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryThe glomerulus is often the prime target of dysregulated alternative pathway (AP) activation. In particular, AP activation is the key driver of two severe kidney diseases: atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and C3 glomerulopathy. Both conditions are associated with a variety of predisposing molecular defects in AP regulation, such as genetic variants in complement regulators, autoantibodies targeting AP proteins, or autoantibodies that stabilize the AP convertases (C3‐ and C5‐activating enzymes). It is noteworthy that these are systemic AP defects, yet in both diseases pathologic complement activation primarily affects the kidneys. In particular, AP activation is often limited to the glomerular capillaries. This tropism of AP‐mediated inflammation for the glomerulus points to a unique interaction between AP proteins in plasma and this particular anatomic structure. In this review, we discuss the pre‐clinical and clinical data linking the molecular causes of aberrant control of the AP with activation in the glomerulus, and the possible causes of this tropism. Based on these data, we propose a model for why the kidney is so uniquely and frequently targeted in patients with AP defects. Finally, we discuss possible strategies for preventing pathologic AP activation in the kidney.
The perceptions of mental health clinicians integrating exercise as an adjunct to routine treatment of depression and anxiety
Authors: Garvey Loretta , Benson Amanda Clare , Benger Debra , Short Tamsin , Banyard Harry , Edward Karen‐Leigh 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTIndividuals with depressive symptoms often experience changes in physical activity and lifestyle factors. Despite the benefits of exercise, mental health clinicians often do not refer for or prescribe exercise as part of traditionally accepted models of care for consumers with depression and anxiety. The aims were to investigate: (i) mental health clinicians’ understanding of the relationship between exercise and mental health, (ii) if and how exercise is used by mental health clinicians in treatment for depression and anxiety, and (iii) the barriers to prescription of exercise. A descriptive qualitative method was used, and data were collected via individual semi‐structured interviews. Ten mental health clinicians with varying backgrounds participated in this study. The data driven inductive analysis of participants views identified three themes: (i) knowing and not knowing, (ii) consumer comorbidities – the risk and benefit dilemma, and (iii) protecting vulnerable consumers. Enhancing clinicians' knowledge of the beneficial role of exercise in treatment for consumers’ experiencing depression and anxiety is an important step. Mental health services can support integration of exercise by implementing policies and training for staff to support exercise prescription, and the role and referral of exercise and physical activity specialists, as part of routine care to improve clinical outcomes for consumers. Additional considerations should be given to fiscal support to access exercise as an adjunct therapy.
The experience of nurses moving into forensic mental health employment: A qualitative study
Authors: Kinghorn Grant , Froggatt Terry , Thomas Stuart , Halcomb Elizabeth 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTWhile forensic mental health has seen considerable growth over the last two decades, little is known about the experience of registered nurses working in these environments. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach and interviewed 11 registered nurses to explore the interpersonal experiences of transition into a forensic mental health hospital. The data revealed three themes. ‘Observing what's safe’ examined nurses' ability to maintain safety in the context of inconsistent practices among colleagues. ‘Navigating cliques and divisions’ focused on nurses' sense of belonging and adapting to professional and personal groups. Finally, ‘gaining management support’ reflected nurses' experiences of engagement with management. This study provides new insight into nurses' experience of adapting to employment in forensic mental health settings and highlights the importance of positive support strategies for workplace transition.
Respiratory syncytial virus disease burden in adults aged 60 years and older in high‐income countries: A systematic literature review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Savic Miloje , Penders Yolanda , Shi Ting , Branche Angela , Pirçon Jean‐Yves 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV)‐associated acute respiratory infection (ARI) is an underrecognized cause of illness in older adults. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta‐analysis to estimate the RSV disease burden in adults ≥60 years in high‐income countries.MethodsData on RSV‐ARI and hospitalization attack rates and in‐hospital case fatality rates (hCFR) in adults ≥60 years from the United States, Canada, European countries, Japan, and South Korea were collected based on a systematic literature search (January 1, 2000–November 3, 2021) or via other methods (citation search, unpublished studies cited by a previous meta‐analysis, gray literature, and an RSV‐specific abstract booklet). A random effects meta‐analysis was performed on estimates from the included studies.ResultsTwenty‐one studies were included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled estimates were 1.62% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84–3.08) for RSV‐ARI attack rate, 0.15% (95% CI: 0.09–0.22) for hospitalization attack rate, and 7.13% (95% CI: 5.40–9.36) for hCFR. In 2019, this would translate into approximately 5.2 million cases, 470,000 hospitalizations, and 33,000 in‐hospital deaths in ≥60‐year‐old adults in high‐income countries.ConclusionsRSV disease burden in adults aged ≥60 years in high‐income countries is higher than previously estimated, highlighting the need for RSV prophylaxis in this age group.