bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KAJIAN MINAT BELANJA ONLINE PAKIAN READY TO WEAR PLUS-SIZE
Authors: Wardhani Krishna 
Published: January 2022

It is very important for a clothing brand, have a clear understanding about their target market. Clothing brands in Indonesia are starting to look at plus-size women as a potential growing market, especially for online shopping. One brand must pay attention to both products and the online shop. It is essential for a clothing brand to have their own online shop service in this day and age, especially for clothing brands that have a particular target market, such as the plus-size women. Based on previous research, the plus-size women are starting to lose their interest in online shopping because of the unfulfilled expectations in designs, size precision, quality as well as the online shopping experience itself. We were using two research methods, by spreading questionnaires and direct interviews. We gathered information from 79 responders of plus-size women with clothing size starting from XXL and larger, age range between 26 to 40+ years old at 23 -25 July 2020. We used two techniques, SPSS and The Rank Spearman & Kendall Tau method. SPSS are used to process the quantitative data to find the correlation between the clothing designs, sizes, and quality as well as the shopping experience. The Rank Spearman and Kendall Tau method are used for the correlation tests. There are several results. There is a relationship between the variables of design, size, quality, and a positive shopping experience however, quality falls into a very weak category. Body shape can be the basis for determining the design and size of the products. Several factors, such as colors, patterns, and materials, are in accordance with the desires of plus-size consumers. There is a greater chance of using the pre-order system. Optimization of websites that are used as showcases by using educational content on clothing styling and standardization of product specifications in order to create high engagement so as to foster customer trust. Further studies need to prove the efficiency of the user interface in accordance with the design recommendations.

Keywords: ready to wear; plus-size; consumer’s shopping interests; online shopping
Estimation of Photometric Redshifts. II. Identification of Out-of-distribution Data with Neural Networks
Authors: Lee Joongoo , Shin Min-Su 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this study, we propose a three-stage training approach of neural networks for both photometric redshift estimation of galaxies and detection of out-of-distribution (OOD) objects. Our approach comprises supervised and unsupervised learning, which enables using unlabeled (UL) data for OOD detection in training the networks. Employing the UL data, which is the data set most similar to the real-world data, ensures a reliable usage of the trained model in practice. We quantitatively assess the model performance of photometric redshift estimation and OOD detection using in-distribution (ID) galaxies and labeled OOD (LOOD) samples such as stars and quasars. Our model successfully produces photometric redshifts matched with spectroscopic redshifts for the ID samples and identifies well the LOOD objects with more than 98% accuracy. Although quantitative assessment with the UL samples is impracticable owing to the lack of labels and spectroscopic redshifts, we also find that our model successfully estimates reasonable photometric redshifts for ID-like UL samples and filter OOD-like UL objects.
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The code for the model implementation is available at https://github.com/GooLee0123/MBRNN_OOD.
Impact of Covid 19 preventive measures on hospital admission due to respiratory illness in children at Professorial Paediatric unit Teaching Hospital Jaffna
Authors: Umasankar N. 
Published: January 2022

Respiratory diseases are common causes of hospital admission in children. Droplet transmission is the primary route of transmition in respiratory infections. The objective was to assess the burden of respiratory diseases on hospital admission of children during this Covid 19 pandemic and to assess the impact of Covid 19 preventive measures on it. An institutional based retrospective descriptive study based on secondary data was carried out at Professorial Paediatric unit Teaching hospital Jaffna. The data was extracted from the electronic patient management system. All the records of children who were primarily diagnosed with respiratory disease during the period of June 2020 to May 2021 were extracted. This data was compared with that of 2017. The total hospital admission has reduced from 4127 to 1049 during the pandemic. There was a significant decrease in total hospital admission during the covid 19 pandemic compared to before the pandemic {t (11.488) = 8.015 p<0.001}. Similarly, there was a significance decrease in the admissions due to respiratory diseases during the covid 19 pandemic {t(11.355) =5.982 p<0.001}. The percentage of respiratory admission has significantly reduced during the pandemic {t(21.997) =5.173 p<0.001}. Hospital admission due to respiratory illness has significantly reduced when compared to total admission during this pandemic. This may be attributed to social distancing, wearing mask and good hand hygiene.
Autonomously functioning thyroid nodule: a patient-based review
Authors: Pinto Diluka , Fernando Ranil 
Published: January 2022

Autonomously Functioning Thyroid Nodule (AFTN) is a rare cause of hyperthyroidism. AFTN, first described by Emil Goetsch in 1918, is the presence of a single hyperfunctioning thyroid nodule, which is not under the control of the pituitary/thyroid axis. The current theory on the development of hyperfunctioning nodules is the constitutive activation of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor (TSHR) due to a somatic point mutation and mutations of Gsa. The reported incidence of AFTN is about 1% on the investigation of thyroid nodules. Only about 10% - 30% become hyperfunction. Due to the rarity and lack of understanding of its characteristic clinical behaviour, AFTNs are often overlooked and undertreated. The ensuing review is based on a 36-year-old female who underwent left hemithyroidectomy for an AFTN and is well to date. There are two main issues in the diagnosis and management of AFTN. The first is that the diagnosis is not always made as most patients with AFTNs are functionally euthyroid. The other is the paucity of data in the literature to offer evidencebased individualized management for patients. As there are no tissue diagnostic criteria for AFTN; clinical, biochemical and radiological assessments to establish TSH independent nodular hyperfunction will clinch the diagnosis.Surgery and Radioiodine ablation remain the main forms of treatment for AFTN. Other methods such as percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT), laser ablation (LA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA) have a limited role in the management of an AFTN. The newer methods alluded to above will need further evaluation and a better definition of exact roles in the management of an AFTN.
First paediatric live donor liver transplant in Sri Lanka with 1 year outcome : challenges for the future
Authors: Siriwardana Rohan , Thilakarathne S. , Fernando M , Gunetilleke M. B. , Weerasooriya A. , Appuhamy C. 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionLiver transplantation in the paediatric age group is demanding due to smaller body proportions and physiology. This paper describes the first successful paediatric liver transplant in Sri Lanka along with its one-year outcome. Describing the challenges faced during the process, we highlight the factors that need to be considered for a sustainable programme in the future. MethodologyA 9-year-old girl who had progressive familial intra hepatic cholestasis type 3 was referred to us with features of end stage liver disease. She was identified as a suitable candidate for liver transplantation. Her 38-year-old mother was selected as the donor, who was evaluated for suitability of a left lateral segment donation. ResultsThe first paediatric liver transplantation was performed in July 2020. The child's mother donated the left lateral segment weighing 325g. During the postoperative period the child developed outflow tract obstruction at the hepatic venous anastomosis. This was managed with a percutaneously placed stent. Six months after transplant, she developed an acute rejection that required steroids. Treatment of rejection was complicated with multiple liver abscesses caused by Aspergillus. The infection was treated with systemic antifungals and drainage. At one-year post transplant, the recipient had recovered from the trauma of surgery and had normal liver biochemistry, a patent hepatic venous stented anastomosis and complete resolution of the abscesses. We faced dual challenges in dealing with a live liver transplant donor and a young child who was the recipient. Our success, on this occasion, was underscored by the multidisciplinary contribution from specialists scattered across the island combined with state-public partnership. ConclusionTo offer a sustainable live donor liver transplant service for the future, many other aspects, beyond surgery itself, need to be addressed.
Applicability of new proposed novel tooth numbering system for primary teeth
Authors: Thimmegowda Umapathy , Amrutha B , Krishnamurthy Navin Hadadi , Nagaraj Shetty Praveen Mallavalli , Kajapuram Premkishore , Prabhakar Ashwini Chikkanayakanahalli 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to check the reliability and applicability of new proposed tooth numbering system (TNS) for primary teeth that will aid the dentist to overcome the disadvantages of existing TNS and enable to note the primary teeth in an easier and more precise way.

Study Design:
This observational questionnaire survey was conducted in an institution consisting 11 questions in English format. Four hundred samples were randomly selected which included under graduates, postgraduates, and faculty. Self-structured questionnaires were given in order to assess the reliability and applicability of the new proposed TNS. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Chi-square test was used to compare the responses between different study groups, and P value was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
According to the participants, the new TNS maintains the anatomical midline, easily readable, written and typed though required extra concentration. It is easy to converse and can be followed by beginners. It does not require extra timing and can be used routinely. With mixed dentition, it does not take more time, but there are chances of confusion or overlap while recording.

Conclusion:
The new Havale's Alphaneumarical Dental Notation system can be used routinely by undergraduates and postgraduates as well as clinicians and can apply or follow the system in regular dental practice.
Serial determination of inferior vena cava dimension and its correlation with clinical cardiopulmonary-cerebral assessment in children with septic shock
Authors: Umaiorubagam Sankaralingam , Santhanam Indumathy , Tiraviyam Ravichandran 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Essential step in the management of septic shock is prompt recognition at an early stage and prediction of fluid responsiveness. Existing methods of assessing septic shock in children have limited accuracy. This study was conducted to determine the serial inferior vena cava (IVC) dimension and its correlation with clinical cardiopulmonary-cerebral assessment in children with septic shock.

Subjects and Methods:
A prospective observational study was conducted from 1 month to 12 years of children with septic shock resuscitated in the emergency department. Serial ultrasound measurements of IVC/aorta ratio were obtained before and after each fluid bolus of 10 ml/kg over 20 min. Chi-square tests were used to find out whether the statistical differences between assessing fluid status with clinical parameters and assessing fluid status with IVC/aorta ratio after fluid boluses were really significant or not.

Results:
Hundred patients were enrolled and included in the final analysis. Using Chi-square test, there were significant (P < 0.05) strong associations between heart rate, pulse volume, capillary refill time, blood pressure, and IVC/aorta ratio during multiple assessments following fluid boluses.

Conclusions:
IVC/aorta ratio was statistically significantly associated with volume status and clinical assessment. A single assessment of IVC/aorta ratio did not appear useful. Serial determinations of IVC/aorta ratio emerged statistically significant in the assessment of fluid status in children with septic shock during resuscitation in the emergency department.
Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Based Bile and Urine Metabonomics Study on the Ameliorative Effects of Curcuma wenyujin Rhizoma on Acute Blood Stasis in Rats
Authors: Hao Min , Zhao Meng-Ting , Tong Huang-Jin , Ji De , Li Lin , Su Lian-Lin , Gu Wei , Mao Chun-Qin , Lu Tu-Lin 
Published: January 2022

Background:

Curcuma wenyujin rhizome (CWR) is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine for treating blood stasis in China for 1000 of years. However, the underlying mechanism of CWR remains unclear.

Aims and Objectives:
The purpose of this study is to clarify the bioactive mechanism of CWR in treating blood stasis.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, pharmacological indexes, including hemorheology and four blood coagulation indexes were tested. Bile and urine metabolomics were engaged by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. Multivariate statistical analysis were used to screen out differential endogenous metabolites.

Results:
The results indicated that CWR significantly ameliorated the hemorheology and coagulation functions of acute blood stasis (ABS) model rats. Moreover, 27 endogenous metabolites between the CWR group and the ABS group were screened, and the levels were all improved to certain degrees by CWR preadministration. Metabonomics results indicated that ABS was mainly related to linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, pentose and glucuronate intercereasonversions, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and primary bile acid biosynthesis.

Conclusion:
In a word, the metabolomics method is consistent with the holistic view of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that can be a powerful means to illustrate the biological activity mechanism of CWR in treating blood stasis and to offer research demonstration for further study on the effector mechanism of TCM.
Response of Maize-Hybrids Phenology Under high Plant Population Density in parts of Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar A.W. , Mohammad U. , Dangora I. I. 
Published: January 2022

Plant distribution in the field, as affected by plant density, has been one area that has received a great deal of attention over the last several decades. Population density, whether directly on the plant or indirectly on biotic factors associated with plant density is one of the most important factors in determining physiological attributes of a crop. Maize grain yield has a parabolic response to stand density that maximizes yield, which is widely known by the crop managers, physiologists and breeders; together with the concept that this optimum stand density varies with the environment. Development of breeding populations and hybrids with improved tolerance to high plant densities should be an important part of maize breeding programs. A field experiment was therefore conducted during 2015 and 2016 rainy season at Tudun Wada, Kano and Shika, Zaria in the Northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria in order to assess the phenological components of maize-hybrids at high plant population density. The experiment consisted of two plant populations of 53,333 plantha-1 and 88,888 plantsha-1 as main plot and eight recently developed drought–tolerant maize hybrids: M0826-7, M0926-8, M1026-10, M1026-13, M1124-4, M1124-10, M1227-12 and M1227-14 and two widely cultivated commercial hybrids as controls (Oba-98 and Oba super-1) as sub-plots laid out in a randomized split-plot design and replicated three times. Maize-hybrids responded to high plant population density in the two locations. Increasing plant population significantly decreased the phenology of maize-hybrids, which showed better adaptation of hybrids to high plant population density. Hybrids showed shorter days to maturity and shorter anthesis-silking interval. Maize-hybrids performed better at Zaria than at Tudun Wada because rainfall was higher and better distributed in this location. However recent hybrids were more tolerant to high plant population than the commercial hybrids, therefore the recently released maize-hybrids were more adapted to biotic stress.
Keywords: Biotic stress, Growth, Phenology, Plant population density and Maize-hybrids
Densitometric analysis of Radiation Absorbed Dose to Patients Undergoing Chest X-ray Examination in a Government Owned Hospital, Kano-Nigeria
Authors: Isa N.F. , Ahmad U.F. , Dambele M.Y. , Ibrahim U.M. , Ismail A. , Ige Taofeeq A. 
Published: January 2022

Chest X-ray is one the most frequently required diagnostic procedures used in clinical practice to produce an image of organs, tissues and bones of the body with a significant impact on collective dose. However, the radiation dose received by patients from this procedure is likely to show large variations within and among radiodiagnostic centres. This could be traced to be lack of imaging protocols and a lack of local or national diagnostic reference levels. Although the radiation doses resulting from the X-ray procedures are usually measured in terms of effective dose entrance surface dose using electronic personal dosimeter (EPD), pocket dosimeter, thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD), film badges, and optically stimulated luminescent dosimeter (OSLD). For the sake of radiation protection, densitometric analysis was used to evaluate medical exposure for chest radiographs to determine the radiation doses using a point optical densitometer; PTW-DensiX with a range of 0 to 4.0 optical density. The hospital where this study was carried out is in Kano State. A total of sixty (60) chest radiographic films were collected from the hospital and the optical density of each radiographic film was measured five times at different spots. The mean optical density was obtained and converted by a mathematical relation to absorbed radiation dose in cGy. The results obtained in this study show that the mean absorbed X-ray dose was 0.78 ± 0.13 cGy and is low compared to the previous study held for hospitals in Osun State. Also, when compared with the excess dose of 0.10 Gy recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, it was evident that radiological practice especially as it relates to chest radiographs at the hospital in Kano is within the recommended practice.
Keywords: Absorbed dose, Densitometer, Optical Density, Radiation, X-ray
Prevalence of Schistosomiasis in Warwade Community, Jigawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Alhaji G. K. , Dogara M. M. , Balogun J. B. , Abubakaar M. M. , Sufi M. A. , Dawaki S. S , Usman M. Isah 
Published: January 2022

There is currently no documented literature on the status of transmission of schistosomiasis in Warwade community situated near a dam. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis in the community. A total of 300 urine and stool samples from randomly selected participants were analysed for S. haematobium and S. mansoni using sedimentation and kato-katz techniques respectively. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was administered to all the participants and in the case of minors their parents/guardians. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 to determine if there was any significant difference between schistosomiasis and demographic characteristics of participants as well as the association between schistosomiasis and risk factors at P<0.05. The results revealed an overall prevalence of 20.3% with urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis having 12.3% and 8% respectively .Out of every 8 persons in the community one had urinary schistosomiasis while in every 12 persons, one had intestinal and in every 5 persons, one had at least either of the species. Urinary schistosomiasis was higher in females, but was the opposite in intestinal infection. Schistosomiasis infection was highest among children ≤ 18 years and ≤40 years and the opposite was the case for intestinal schistosomiasis, where 19 to 29 years had the highest prevalence. Age and occupation were the risk factors associated with schistosomiasis infection at P<0.05. All the positive samples for urinary schistosomiasis subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification were positive. This study showed that Warwade community is endemic for schistosomiasis.
Keywords: Sedimentation, Kato-katz, schistosomiasis, endemic
Profitability of Small-Scale Broiler Farmers Production in Okpe Local Government Area of Delta State
Authors: Ifeanyichukwu Nwandu Peter 
Published: January 2022

This study examined the profitability of small- scale farmers broiler production in Delta State, Nigeria. The small-scale broiler farmers are those who raise not more than 100 chicks for meat in a production process. The specific objectives were to evaluate the profitability of small- scale farmers broiler production. The study used multistage random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from a randomly selected sample of 120 small scale poultry farmers from Delta State, Nigeria. Descriptive Statistics and Regression model were used in analyzing the data. Among the findings were that 45% were aged between 31 and 40 years. 74% were male headed households. Findings also showed that 58.3% were married while 89.1% had formal education either at primary, secondary, or tertiary level. The average household size was 4-6 persons, some had farming experience between 6 and 10 years. The gross margin was N74,900 while the net farm income was N50,100. The farmers return on investment (ROI)was N0.67 implying that for every one naira spent by broiler farmers in the study area attracts a gain of sixty-seven (67) kobo. Some of the major constraint on broiler production were high cost of feeds, lack of capital, pest/disease outbreak, pilfering, high mortality rate and shortage of water. It is recommended that government and private sector should provide feed to poultry farmers at a subsidized rate as that will encourage more farmers to venture into the business. Veterinary service should be provided to the farmers at affordable rate.
Keywords: Profitability, Small – Scale, Farmers, Broiler, Production