bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pretreatment “prognostic nutritional index” as an indicator of outcome in lung cancer patients receiving ICI-based treatment: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shao Yifeng , Cao Wei , Gao Xinliang , Tang Mingbo , Zhu Dongshan , Liu Wei 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The pretreatment prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is an indicator of nutritional and immune status, and has potential use as a predictor of survival in cancer patients. Several retrospective studies have used the PNI to predict the outcome of lung cancer patients receiving different immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but the results have been inconsistent. The objective of our study is to assess the relationship of pretreatment PNI with survival outcomes in lung cancer patients who received ICI-based treatments by meta-analysis.

Methods:
We searched the EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, American Society of Clinical Oncology, and European Society of Medical Oncology databases to identify studies that reported overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) in eligible patients. Eight studies were eligible based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data and pooled indicators were extracted from these studies. Meta-analysis was used to analyze hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for OS and/or PFS and the prognostic value of pretreatment PNI. We completed the registration of the research protocol (Registration number: INPLASY202240087, DOI number: 10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0087).

Results:
We analyzed data from 8 eligible studies (831 patients). Meta-analysis showed that relative to patients with low pretreatment PNI, those with a high pretreatment PNI had better OS (HR = 2.50, 95% CI = 1.44–4.33, P = .001) and better PFS (HR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.56–2.42, P < .001). Sensitivity analysis indicated these results were robust. There was also no evidence of publication bias.

Conclusion:
Lung cancer patients receiving ICI-based treatments who had higher pretreatment PNI had better OS and PFS.
Gene locus polymorphisms and expression levels of interleukin-1 in lumbar disc disease: A MOOSE-compliant meta-analysis and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Yang Kunxue , Xiao Qianyi , Zhang Ruijun , Meng Dihua , Wang Jiaqi , Wei Qingjun , Jiang Hua 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
To investigate the association between interleukin (IL)-1α (rs1800587), IL-1β (rs1143634) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (RN) variable number tandem repeat polymorphisms, expression levels and lumbar disc disease (LDD).

Methods:
All relevant articles were searched from 4 databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate the association between IL-1 gene locus polymorphisms (rs1800587 in IL-1α, rs1143634 in IL-1β, variable number tandem repeat in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist) and LDD susceptibility. Statistical analysis was conducted by Review Manager (Revman) 5.31 software (Nordic Cochrane Centre, Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). Furthermore, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate IL-1α, IL-1β and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist expressions in the normal and degenerated disc.

Results:
A total of 15 case-control studies (1455 cases and 2362 controls) were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled results suggested that IL-1α rs1800587 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of LDD in overall population (T vs. C, OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.04–1.40, P = .01). The subgroup analysis found a significant association between IL-1β rs1143634 polymorphism and LDD in Asian population (T vs. C, OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.39–0.96, P = .03). Results of qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that expressions of IL-1α and IL-1β were significantly increased in the degenerated disc. (all P < .05)

Conclusion:
IL-1α rs1800587 and IL-1β rs1143634 polymorphisms were significantly associated with LDD in overall population and in Asian population, respectively. The increased expression levels of IL-1α and IL-1β may be the important risk factors for LDD.
Knotting together of gastric and tracheal tubes inserted under general anesthesia: A CARE-compliant case report
Authors: Deng Jingjing , Pan Ting , Li Hui , Lin Qing , Zhang Yuenong 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Gastric tube implantation is a routine part of preoperative preparation. Indwelling gastric tubes in patients under general anesthesia maintain gastrointestinal decompression and prevent gastrointestinal expansion.

Patient concerns:
Gastric tube insertion can be associated with many complications, of which gastric tube knotting is a rare and often overlooked complication.

Diagnoses:
Knotting together of gastric and tracheal tubes.

Interventions:
During the operation, the gastric tube was explored by endoscope and hand.

Lessons:
Rare complications of knotted gastric and endotracheal tubes are identified and treated promptly.

Conclusion:
We recommend that the gastric tube be intubated first before insertion of the endotracheal tube, and visualization tools should be used in time if the insertion of the gastric tube is unsuccessful.
The past and future of Piezo: A scientometric review
Authors: Li Shuai , Song Banglong , Jiang Nan , Pan Ciming , Ren Xue , Dai Qianqian , Chu Quangen 
Published: October 2022

Background:
As we all know, this Nobel Prize is awarded to uncover the mechanism of “a glass of cold milk providing instant relief when eating a spicy hot pot”; the key factor, Piezo, has therefore become a clinical research hotspot. Most importantly, the factor of Piezo has been increasingly considered when analyzing the majority of common clinical diseases. The Piezo has entered a new stage and has made a series of progress. This study mainly outlines the knowledge map and detects the potential research hotspots by using bibliometric analysis.

Methods:
The core collection database of WoS was used to retrieve the bibliographic records related to Piezos from January 1, 2010 to October 8, 2021. CiteSpace was utilized to generate and analyze visual representations of the complex data input.

Results:
Overall, the number of Piezos publications has shown a significant upward trend since 2010. There were 902 research publications referenced a total of 19,095 times. The United States and China are the two nations with the highest number of published articles in this discipline. The institutions with the most publications are Scripps Research Institute and the University at Buffalo (SUNY-Buffalo). The primary topics of investigation are “endothelial cell” “xerocytosis” “current” “calcium”, “mutation” “activated ion channel” “Ca2+ influx” “protein” “smooth muscle” and “nociception”. Ardem Patapoutian and Frederick Sachs are the two most prolific authors of scholarly articles. The gene expression is the current focus of research in this topic.

Conclusions:
Piezo is rapidly developing. This knowledge will be utilized extensively in the process of developing treatments for many diseases. Current research focuses mostly on gene expression.
Unintentional fatal toxicity due to nicotine chewing gum: A case report
Authors: Lee Jung Eun , Jang Tae Chang , Seo Young Woo 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Since tobacco contains numerous harmful substances, besides nicotine, which is addictive, smoking cessation products and tobacco alternatives, such as electronic (e-) cigarettes, nicotine chewing gums, and patches, are being widely used. Nicotine gums are consumed orally. The nicotine from the gum is absorbed at a slower rate than that from e-cigarettes, and the former remains in the bloodstream for a longer period. In addition, the maximum number of daily doses is high, and it can be purchased without a doctor’s prescription in many countries.

Patient concerns:
A 29-year-old male patient consumed 5 2-mg nicotine gums at a time, twice a day, for 4 days (total amount: 70 mg). However, he visited the emergency unit with the chief complaint of involuntary limb movements after consuming an additional 15 gums 3 hour before the visit. At admission, his consciousness was clear, although 2 hour later, he experienced sudden loss of consciousness with worsening hypoxia and respiratory acidosis.

Diagnosis:
The patient’s vital signs were stable at the time of admission, and blood test results showed no specific findings other than a white blood cell count of 14,800/µL, lactate level of 6.4 mmol/L, and prolactin level of 119.02 ng/mL. In addition, chest radiography and head computed tomography scans showed no acute phase abnormalities. Two hours later, he experienced loss of consciousness and respiratory failure, and the results of blood tests performed at this time showed that his blood cotinine level was 3491 ng/mL.

Interventions:
Supportive treatment, including endotracheal intubation followed by mechanical ventilation, was provided.

Outcome:
The patient’s vital signs stabilized 3 days after treatment, and his consciousness and respiratory status had improved; therefore, mechanical ventilation was stopped. His condition was stable for the next 2 days, and he was discharged on the fifth day.

Lessons:
Acute respiratory exacerbation due to nicotine poisoning (from levels exceeding the lethal dose of 30–60 mg) was observed, although the gums were consumed over several days. Patients with nicotine poisoning may show acute respiratory failure and should be monitored carefully. Further studies are required to determine the toxic effects of nicotine replacement therapies.
Acupuncture for dry eye disease after recovery from COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Xiaofang , Li Jian , Ye Shuhan , Wang Runyi , Xiao Yao , Liu Lu , Lan Wanning , Chen Yijun , Liao Zongli 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Dry eye disease (DED) is a condition occurring worldwide. Studies have found that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients may have persistent dry eye symptoms for weeks and months after recovery, and the prevalence of dry eye is higher in COVID-19 patients than in people without COVID-19 infection. As one of the common ophthalmic diseases, the clinical application of acupuncture in the treatment of DED is not widely used nowadays.

Methods:
According to the retrieval strategies, randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the acupuncture for DED after recovery from COVID-19 were obtained from Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database, Chinese Biomedical Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical database, The WanFang database. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager (RevMan 5.3) and STATA 14.2 software. Ultimately, the evidentiary grade for the results will be evaluated.

Results:
The study will provide a high-quality and convincing assessment of the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for DED after recovery from COVID-19 and will be published in peer-reviewed journals.

Conclusion:
Our findings will provide references for future clinical decision and guidance development.
Comparison of the needle tip location with the operator’s position during ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein catheterization: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Min Seong-Won , Kim Hyerim , Won Dongwook , Chang Jee-Eun , Lee Jung-Man , Hwang Jin-Young , Kim Tae Kyong 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
We hypothesized that when a right-handed operator catheterizes the left internal jugular vein (IJV), the tip of the needle might be positioned closer to the center of the vessel after puncture if the operator is standing in the patient’s left axillary line, rather than standing cephalad to the patient.

Methods:
The study randomly allocated 44 patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia with planned left central venous catheterization to either conventional (operator stood cephalad to the patient) or intervention (operator stood in the patient’s axillary line) groups. The left IJV was catheterized by 18 anesthesiologists. The distance between the center of the vessel and the needle tip, first-attempt success rate, and procedure time were compared.

Results:
The distance from the needle tip to the center of the IJV after needle puncture was 3.5 (1.9–5.5) and 3.2 (1.7–4.9) cm in the conventional and intervention groups, respectively (P = .47). The first-attempt success rate was significantly higher in the intervention group (100% vs 68.2%, P = .01). Overall time to successful guidewire insertion was faster in the intervention group (P = .007).

Conclusions:
There was no significant difference in needle tip position when the right-handed operator was standing in the patient’s left axillary line compared to standing cephalad to the patient during left IJV catheterization. However, it increased the first-attempt success rate and reduced the overall time for guidewire insertion.
Brief mindful coloring for stress reduction in nurses working in a Hong Kong hospital during COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fong Janet Shuk Yan , Hui Anna Na Na , Ho Ka Man , Chan Albert Kam Ming , Lee Anna 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Effective interventions to promote well-being at work are required to reduce the prevalence and consequences of stress and burnout especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study determined the effects of mindful coloring on perceived stress levels, mental well-being, burnout, and state and trait mindfulness levels for nurses during COVID-19.

Methods:
This was a single-center, two-armed, parallel, superiority, blinded randomized controlled trial. Seventy-seven participants were randomly allocated (by computer-generated sequence) to either mindful coloring (n = 39) or waitlist control groups (n = 38). Twenty-seven nurses in the mindful coloring group and 32 in the control group were included in the full compliance per protocol analysis. The mindful coloring intervention included participants viewing a 3-minutes instructional video and coloring mandalas for at least 5 working days or 100 minutes in total during a 10-day period. Participants in both groups completed the Perceived Stress Scale (total score 0–40), short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (total score 7–35), Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (3 subscales), Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form (total score 24–120) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale-State version (total score 0–30) instruments. The primary outcome was the perceived stress level.

Results:
Baseline prevalence of moderate to high perceived stress level was high (79.2%). There was a large mindful coloring effect on reducing mean perceived stress levels (Mean difference [MD] in change between groups −3.0, 95% CI: −5.0 to −1.00; Cohen’s d = 0.80). Mindful coloring may lead to a small improvement in mental well-being level (P = .08), with an improvement found in the intervention group (MD 0.9, 95% CI 0.0–1.8, P = .04) through enhanced state mindfulness (P < .001). There were no effects on changing burnout subscales or trait mindfulness levels. No adverse reactions were reported.

Conclusion:
Coloring mandalas may be an effective low-cost brief intervention to reduce perceived stress levels through enhancing state mindfulness and it may promote mental well-being. Hospitals may promote or provide mindful coloring as a self-care and stress-relief practice for nurses during their off hours or work breaks.
3% nebulized hypertonic saline versus normal saline for infants with acute bronchiolitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yu Jin-Feng , Zhang Yan , Liu Zhan-Bo , Wang Jing , Bai Li-Ping 
Published: October 2022

Background:
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of 3% nebulized hypertonic saline (NHS) in infants with acute bronchiolitis (AB).

Methods:
We systematically searched the PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, WANFANG, and VIP databases from inception to June 1, 2022. We included randomized controlled trials comparing NHS with 0.9% saline. Outcomes included the length of hospital stay (LOS), rate of hospitalization (ROH), clinical severity score (CSS), rate of readmission, respiratory distress assessment instrument, and adverse events. RevMan V5.4 software was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
A total of 27 trials involving 3495 infants were included in this study. Compared to normal saline, infants received 3% NHS showed better outcomes in LOS reduction (MD = −0.60, 95% CI [−1.04, −0.17], I
2 = 92%, P = .007), ROH decrease (OR = 0.74, 95% CI [0.59, 0.91], I
2 = 0%, P = .005), CSS improvement at day 1 (MD = −0.79, 95% CI [−1.23, −0.34], I
2 = 74%, P < .001), day 2 (MD = −1.26, 95% CI [−2.02, −0.49], I
2 = 91%, P = .001), and day 3 and over (MD = −1.27, 95% CI [−1.92, −0.61], I
2 = 79%, P < .001), and respiratory distress assessment instrument enhancement (MD = −0.60, 95% CI [−0.95, −0.26], I
2 = 0%, P < .001). No significant adverse events related to 3% NHS were observed.

Conclusion:
This study showed that 3% NHS was better than 0.9% normal saline in reducing LOS, decreasing ROH, improving CSS, and in enhancing the severity of respiratory distress. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.
Effects of different stretch durations on the strength of the proximal and distal group of muscles – a randomized trial
Authors: Alghadir Ahmad H. , Khan Masood , Quddus Nishat , Chawla Chandan 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Different researchers have studied the effects of different types of stretching on different muscle groups. Since distal muscles are fully activated and proximal muscles are sub-optimally activated; thus, we might see different responses to stretching in the proximal and distal groups of muscles depending on their muscle activation. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the acute effects of 2, 4, and 8 minutes of intermittent static stretching (SS) on the isometric maximum voluntary contraction force (MVCF) of proximal (Hamstring) and distal (Calf) groups of muscles.

Methods:
Two groups pretest-posttest experimental design was used. A total of thirty participants were randomly assigned into two groups, and twenty-eight completed the intervention. In both groups, participants participated in three experimental trials (SS2, SS4, and SS8) on 3 days. 2-minute intermittent stretching (SS2) was performed on day-I, 4-minute (SS4) on day II, and 8-minute (SS8) on day III. Isometric MVCF was measured at pre-intervention, 0-, 10-, and 20-minute post-intervention periods in both groups.

Results:
In the proximal group: SS2, SS4, and SS8 did not affect isometric MVCF at the 0-, 10-, and 20-minute post-intervention periods (P > .05). In distal group: SS2 did not affect isometric MVCF at 0- and 10-minute post-intervention periods (P > .05), however at 20-minute, MVCF increased by 11.06% (P < .05). SS4 and SS8 also did not alter isometric MVCF in the Calf at 0-, 10-, and 20-minute post-intervention periods (P > .05). No significant differences were observed between the proximal and distal groups (P > .05).

Conclusion:
2-, 4-, and 8-minute intermittent SS did not affect the isometric strength in both muscle groups. In addition, proximal and distal groups of muscles responded similarly to three different duration intermittent SS.
Comparison of the effects of sevoflurane and desflurane on the severity score of postoperative pain and discomfort after thyroidectomy: A prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled study
Authors: Park Jun-Mo 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Thyroidectomy is performed under general anesthesia using inhaled anesthetics such as sevoflurane or desflurane in many cases. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the incidence of postoperative pain and discomfort after thyroidectomy differed with the type of inhaled anesthetic.

Methods:
Eighty-one female patients who underwent thyroidectomy were randomly assigned to the Sevo group (n = 42) or the Des group (n = 39). On the day of surgery and on the first, third, and seventh days after surgery, one registered nurse in charge of the entire questionnaire survey conducted the questionnaire assessment through face-to-face interviews or phone calls with the patients. The questionnaire evaluated the severity scores for seven items (sore throat, wound pain, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, occipital headache, posterior neck pain, and shoulder pain) regarding postoperative pain and discomfort experienced by patients and assessed which of these seven items caused the greatest discomfort to the patient on each day.

Results:
Except for the severity score for dizziness on the day of surgery, the severity scores of postoperative pain and discomfort experienced by patients on the day of surgery and on the first, third, and seventh days after surgery showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. In addition, on the day of surgery and on the first, third, and seventh days after surgery, patients reported that sore throat caused the greatest discomfort.

Conclusion:
In patients undergoing thyroidectomy under general anesthesia using sevoflurane or desflurane, except for dizziness on the day of surgery, no other manifestation of postoperative pain and discomfort was influenced by the type of inhaled anesthetic. Moreover, after thyroidectomy, postoperative sore throat caused the greatest discomfort to patients from the day of surgery to the seventh day after surgery.
Traditional Chinese medicine combined with Moxibustion in the treatment of “long-COVID”: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Dongqiang , Liu Bin , Wang Pengxin , Liao Hui , Mao Shuxian , Chen Huicong , Huang Yuxin , Liu Lu , Lan Wanning , Liu Feng 
Published: October 2022

Background:
From the end of 2019 to now, COVID-19 is still prevalent, which poses a great threat to international public health. With the increasing number of people infected, the number of patients with COVID-19 sequelae is also increasing, but there is no specific drug for COVID-19 sequelae. In China, traditional Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture has been widely used in COVID-19 sequelae, but there is still a lack of evidence-based medicine evaluation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine combined with moxibustion in the treatment of COVID-19 sequelae.

Methods:
According to the retrieval strategy, the “long COVID” randomized controlled trial of traditional Chinese medicine combined with moxibustion will be search in eight databases composed of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National knowledge Infrastructure Database, China Biomedical Database and China Science and Technology Journal Database, regardless of publication date or language. The study was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the study. Meta-analysis was carried out using RevMan5.3 and STATA12.0 software. Finally, the level of evidence of the results will be evaluated.

Results:
This study will evaluate whether traditional Chinese medicine combined with moxibustion can effectively treat the symptoms of COVID-19 sequelae.

Conclusion:
This study will provide evidence whether there is benefit of traditional Chinese medicine combined with moxibustion in the treatment of COVID-19 sequelae. At the same time, our research results will provide a reference for clinical decision-making and guiding development in the future.