bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Water‐Soluble Polythiophene/Poly (sulfonic acid diphenyl aniline)/Polyethylene Oxide Electrospun Nanofibers and Their Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Huner Keziban 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe fabrication and antioxidant properties of polythiophene/poly(sulfonic acid diphenyl aniline)/polyethylene oxide electrospun nanofibers obtained in this study were brought to the literature for the first time. For this, polythiophene/poly(sulfonic acid diphenyl aniline)/polyethylene oxide (PTh/PSDA/PEO) nanofibers containing 5, 10, 20 and 40 % PTH/PSDA composite by weight were produced by electrospinning method. According to both CUPRAC and ABTS assays, these electrospun nanofibers were found to have antioxidant activity. According to both CUPRAC and ABTS assays, the highest antioxidant activity was obtained from PTh/PSDA/PEO4 electrospun nanofiber containing 40 % PTH/PSDA with values of 244 and 111 μg TE/mg, respectively. This nanofiber was found to be non‐toxic according to the MTT assay and its thermal stability was not much different from that of the PEO nanofiber. PTh/PSDA/PEO electrospun nanofibers were biocompatible, water‐soluble nanofibers that were candidates for use in many biological applications with further characterization. These electrospun nanofibers were characterized by FT‐IR, UV‐Vis.,1H NMR, XRD and TGA. Surface morphologies were investigated by SEM.
Single Atom Catalysts with Out‐of‐Plane Coordination Structure on Conjugated Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Chi Kai , Wu Yangjiang , Wang Xuejun , Zhang Qingsong , Gao Wenqiang , Yang Longfei , Chen Xin , Chang Dongdong , Zhang Yu , Shen Tao , Lu Xuefeng , Zhao Yan , Liu Yunqi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAdjusting the local coordination environment of single‐atom electrocatalysts is a viable way to improve catalytic performance. The diversity of coordination geometric structures is limited to the traditional in‐plane configuration, with only a little consideration paid to out‐of‐plane configurations due to the lack of suitable carriers and fabrication methods. This study reports out‐of‐plane coordination of Co‐based single‐atom catalysts mediated by the conjugated bipyridine‐rich covalent organic framework (COF). The bipyridine nitrogen on the COF layer backbone of these catalysts serves as the linker center for cobalt sites anchoring, while the complementary moieties are coordinated at the other side of the Co metal and reside beyond the COF backbone plane, thus yielding out‐of‐plane coordination. The electrochemical experiments and density functional theory calculations reveal that catalysts with multiple out‐of‐plane coordinations exhibit different electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activities and catalytic pathways. The out‐of‐plane coordination enabled by COFs provides a strategy for designing single‐atom electrocatalysts, expanding the application of COFs in the field of electrocatalysis.
Amphiphilicity‐Controlled Polychromatic Emissive Supramolecular Self‐Assemblies for Highly Sensitive and Efficient Artificial Light‐Harvesting Systems
Authors: Chen Xu‐Man , Cao Ke‐Wei , Bisoyi Hari Krishna , Zhang Shu , Qian Nina , Guo Lingxiang , Guo Dong‐Sheng , Yang Hong , Li Quan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDynamic sequential control of photoluminescence by supramolecular approaches has become a great issue in supramolecular chemistry. However, developing a systematic strategy to construct polychromatic photoluminescent supramolecular self‐assemblies for improving the efficiency and sensitivity of artificial light‐harvesting systems still remains a challenge. Here, a series of amphiphilicity‐controlled supramolecular self‐assemblies with polychromatic fluorescence based on lower‐rim hexyl‐modified sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SC4A6) and N‐alkyl‐modified p‐phenylene divinylpyridiniums (PVPn, n = 2–7) as efficient light‐harvesting platforms is reported. PVPn shows wide ranges of polychromatic fluorescence by co‐assembling with SC4A6, whose emission trends significantly depend on the modified alkyl‐chains of PVPn. The formed PVPn‐SC4A6 co‐assemblies as light‐harvesting platforms are extremely sensitive for transferring the energy to two near‐infrared emissive acceptors, Nile blue (NiB) and Rhodamine 800. After optimizing the amphiphilicity of PVPn‐SC4A6 systems, the PVPn‐SC4A6‐NiB light‐harvesting systems achieve an ultrasensitive working concentration for NiB (2 nm) and an ultrahigh antenna effect up to 91.0. Furthermore, the two different kinds of light‐harvesting nanoparticles exhibit good performance on near‐infrared imaging in the Golgi apparatus and mitochondria, respectively.
Feature transfer learning by reinforcement learning for detecting software defect
Authors: Guo Shikai , Wang Jiahui , Xu Zhihao , Huang Lin , Li Hui , Chen Rong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSoftware defects, produced inevitably in software projects, seriously affect the efficiency of software testing and maintenance. An appealing solution is the software defect prediction (SDP) that has achieved good performance in many software projects. However, the difference between features and the difference of the same feature between training data and test data may degrade defect prediction performance if such differences violate the model's assumption. To address this issue, we propose a SDP method based on feature transfer learning (FTL), which performs a transformation sequence for each feature in order to map the original features to another feature space. Specifically, FTL first uses the reinforcement learning scheme that automatically learns a strategy for transferring the potential feature knowledge from the training data. Then, we use the learned feature knowledge to inspire the transformation of the test data. The classifier is trained by the transformed training data and predicts defects for transformed test data. We evaluate the validity of FTL on 43 projects from PROMISE and NASA MDP using three classifiers, logistic regression, random forest, and Naive Bayes (NB). Experimental results indicate that FTL is better than the original classifiers and has the best performance on the NB classifier. For PROMISE, after using FTL, the average results of F1‐score, AUC, MCC are 0.601, 0.757, and 0.350 respectively, which are 24.9%, 2.6%, and 16.7% higher than the original NB classifier results. The number of projects with improved performance accounts for 83.87%, 83.87%, and 64.52%. Similarly, FTL performs well on NASA MDP. Besides, compared with four feature engineering (FE) methods, FTL achieves an excellent improvement on most projects and the average performance is also better than or close to the FE methods.
TeSSLa – An Ecosystem for Runtime Verification
Authors: Kallwies Hannes , Leucker Martin , Schmitz Malte , Schulz Albert , Thoma Daniel , Weiss Alexander 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRuntime verification deals with checking correctness properties on the runs of a system under scrutiny. To achieve this, it addresses a variety of sub-problems related to monitoring of systems: These range from the appropriate design of a specification language over efficient monitor generation as hardware and software monitors to solutions for instrumenting the monitored system, preferably in a non-intrusive way. Further aspects play a role for the usability of a runtime verification toolchain, e.g. availability, sufficient documentation and the existence of a developer community. In this paper we present the TeSSLa ecosystem, a runtime verification framework built around the stream runtime verification language TeSSLa: It provides a rich toolchain of mostly freely available compilers for monitor generation on different hardware and software backends, as well as instrumentation mechanisms for various runtime verification requirements. Additionally, we highlight how the online resources and supporting tools of the community-driven project enable the productive usage of stream runtime verification.
Forschungsfragen und wissenschaftliche Hypothesen
Authors: Muth Lydia 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungAus den theoretischen Vorbetrachtungen und der Analyse aktueller wissenschaftlicher Dokumente konnten drei Forschungsfragen aufgestellt und daraus je zwei zugeordnete Hypothesen abgeleitet werden. Im dritten Kapitel werden diese vorgestellt sowie die getroffenen Annahmen begründet.
Genome-wide association studies of grain yield and quality traits under optimum and low-nitrogen stress in tropical maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Ndlovu Noel , Spillane Charles , McKeown Peter C. , Cairns Jill E. , Das Biswanath , Gowda Manje 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Key message
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) demonstrated that multiple genomic regions influence grain quality traits under nitrogen-starved soils. Using genomic prediction, genetic gains can be improved through selection for grain quality traits.

Abstract
Soils in sub-Saharan Africa are nitrogen deficient due to low fertilizer use and inadequate soil fertility management practices. This has resulted in a significant yield gap for the major staple crop maize, which is undermining nutritional security and livelihood sustainability across the region. Dissecting the genetic basis of grain protein, starch and oil content under nitrogen-starved soils can increase our understanding of the governing genetic systems and improve the efficacy of future breeding schemes. An association mapping panel of 410 inbred lines and four bi-parental populations were evaluated in field trials in Kenya and South Africa under optimum and low nitrogen conditions and genotyped with 259,798 SNP markers. Genetic correlations demonstrated that these populations may be utilized to select higher performing lines under low nitrogen stress. Furthermore, genotypic, environmental and GxE variations in nitrogen-starved soils were found to be significant for oil content. Broad sense heritabilities ranged from moderate (0.18) to high (0.86). Under low nitrogen stress, GWAS identified 42 SNPs linked to grain quality traits. These significant SNPs were associated with 51 putative candidate genes. Linkage mapping identified multiple QTLs for the grain quality traits. Under low nitrogen conditions, average prediction accuracies across the studied genotypes were higher for oil content (0.78) and lower for grain yield (0.08). Our findings indicate that grain quality traits are polygenic and that using genomic selection in maize breeding can improve genetic gain. Furthermore, the identified genomic regions and SNP markers can be utilized for selection to improve maize grain quality traits.
Therapeutische Optionen für Patienten mit Status epilepticus im höheren Lebensalter
Authors: Willems Laurent M. , Rosenow Felix , Strzelczyk Adam 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Status epilepticus (SE) stellt eine schwerwiegende akute Erkrankung dar, die eine frühzeitige und gezielte Therapie erfordert. Insbesondere der refraktäre SE (RSE) sowie der superrefraktäre SE (SRSE) sind bereits bei jungen Menschen eine interdisziplinäre therapeutische Herausforderung. Bei Patienten in höherem Lebensalter sind hierbei weitere relevante Aspekte zu beachten, die sich einerseits aufgrund einer abweichenden Pharmakokinetik und -dynamik ergeben, andererseits aber auch aus Komorbiditäten, Polypharmazie und möglichen medizinischen Therapielimitationen bzw. Patientenpräferenzen resultieren. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, diese besonderen Aspekte im Rahmen der SE-Versorgung älterer Menschen aufzuarbeiten und potenzielle Therapiestrategien jenseits der Leitlinie aufzuzeigen. Insbesondere wird hierbei auf alternative Applikationswege und mögliche konservative Eskalationsformen der Therapie eingegangen, die v. a. bei relevant vorerkrankten Patienten von Bedeutung sind, bei denen eine intensivmedizinische Behandlung die ohnehin schon hohe Mortalität des SE im gehobenen Alter weiter erhöhen würde. Mit unterschiedlichen parenteralen Applikationsformen von Benzodiazepinen im SE sowie dem mittlerweile gut beschriebenen Einsatz weiterer Antikonvulsiva wie Brivaracetam, Perampanel, Stiripentol, Topiramat und Zonisamid in RSE und SRSE stehen auch für diese vulnerable Patientengruppe adäquate Therapieoptionen zur Verfügung. Nichtsdestotrotz sollte in der Therapie des SE im gehobenen Alter insbesondere in Anbetracht der per se hohen Mortalität verstärkt auf Patientenpräferenzen und medizinethische Aspekte geachtet werden.
GPyro: uncertainty-aware temperature predictions for additive manufacturing
Authors: Sideris Iason , Crivelli Francesco , Bambach Markus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn additive manufacturing, process-induced temperature profiles are directly linked to part properties, and their prediction is crucial for achieving high-quality products. Temperature predictions require an accurate process model, which is usually either a physics-based or a data-driven simulator. Although many high-performance models have been developed, they all suffer from disadvantages such as long execution times, the need for large datasets, and error accumulation in long prediction horizons. These caveats undermine the utility of such modeling approaches and pose problems in their integration within iterative optimization and closed-loop control schemes. In this work, we introduce GPyro, a generative model family specifically designed to address these issues and enable fast probabilistic temperature predictions. GPyro combines physics-informed and parametric regressors with a set of smooth attention mechanisms and learns the evolution of the dynamics inherent to a system by employing Gaussian processes. The model predictions are equipped with confidence intervals quantifying the uncertainty at each timestep. We applied GPyro to Wire-arc additive manufacturing and learned an accurate model from a single experiment on a real welding cell, almost in real-time. Our model can be easily integrated within existing loop-shaping and optimization frameworks.
Impact of COVID-19 infection on the dialysis population prospective, observational, nationwide study
Authors: AlSahow Ali , AlQallaf Ahmed , AlYousef Anas , Bahbahani Hamad , Bahbahani Yousif , AlHelal Bassam , AlRajab Heba , AlMuhaiteeb Abdullah , Shalaby Heba , Elabbadi Mohamed , Elsebaei Mohammad , Abdallah Emad , Ayoub Medhat , AbouTrabeh Aissar , AlSarrajji Maryam , AlAwadhi Abdullah , Kumar Rajeev 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Hemodialysis (HD) patients are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 infection but infection rates vary. Our objectives are to describe COVID-19 positive HD patients’ characteristics, infection rates, and factors associated with mortality in HD COVID-19 cases in Kuwait.

Methods
Data on demographics, comorbidities, and treatments received, as well as mortality for HD patients admitted to hospitals for COVID-19, from 1/March to 31/July 2020, prospectively collected and analyzed.

Results
A total of 141 infected HD patients were admitted (Mean age 58 ± 16.1; Males 56%), representing 7% of the total HD population and 0.2% of all COVID-19 cases during the study period. Of those 141 infected HD patients, 27 (19%) died, and this represents 6% of total COVID-19-related mortality and 27% of the total HD mortality. In contrast, total covid-19-related mortality of all positive cases was only 0.7%, and total HD mortality during the study period was only 5%. COVID-19-positive HD patients who died were older and 59% were males. However, the differences were not statistically significant. Of the 61 infected HD patients who needed to be switched to continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT), 34% died, and of the 29 infected HD patients who needed admission to intensive care, 65% died.

Conclusion
HD population represents a small fraction of the total population; however, positive HD COVID-19 cases represent a sizable proportion of COVID-19 cases and a significant percentage of total COVID-19-related mortality, and total HD mortality.
Extracellular matrix proteins (fibronectin, collagen III, and collagen I) immunoexpression in goat tuberculous granulomas (Mycobacterium caprae)
Authors: Neila Carlos , Rebollada-Merino Agustín , Bezos Javier , de Juan Lucía , Domínguez Lucas , Rodríguez-Bertos Antonio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe lesion resulting from the interaction between Mycobacterium and the host immune response is the tuberculous granuloma. Tuberculous granulomas, except in incipient stages, are partially or totally encapsulated by connective tissue. The aim of this study was to assess the immunoexpression of the extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin, collagen III, and collagen I in granulomas caused by Mycobacterium caprae in goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) to understand capsule development at different granuloma stages. For this purpose, a retrospective study of 56 samples of tuberculous granulomas in lung (n = 30) and mediastinal lymph node (n = 26) from 17 goats naturally infected with M. caprae in stages I (n = 15), II (n = 14) and III (n = 27) was carried out. Fibronectin immunoreaction was extracellular, fibrillar-reticular in the center of stage I, II and III granulomas and peripheral in stages II and III granulomas. Collagen III immunoexpression was extracellular and fibrillar in the center of stages I, II and III tuberculous granulomas in lung and mediastinal lymph node, and progressive expression was observed in the periphery of stages II and III granulomas. Finally, collagen I immunoexpression was extracellular and fibrillar, showing a progressive loss of central expression and an increase in peripheral expression in stage III granulomas compared to stage I granulomas. Immunoexpression of these extracellular matrix proteins could help understand fibrogenesis and dating in tuberculous granuloma in both animal models and humans.
Improving metacognition through self-explication in a digital self-regulated learning tool
Authors: Braad Eelco , Degens Nick , Barendregt Wolmet , IJsselsteijn Wijnand 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDigital support during self-regulated learning can improve metacognitive knowledge and skills in learners. Previous research has predominantly focused on embedding metacognitive support in domain-specific content. In this study, we examine a detached approach where digital metacognitive support is offered in parallel to ongoing domain-specific training via a digital tool. The primary support mechanism was self-explication, where learners are prompted to make, otherwise implicit, metacognition concrete.In a controlled pre-test/post-test quasi-experiment, we compared domain-specific and domain-general support and assessed the effects, use, and learners' perceptions of the tool. The results showed that self-explication is an effective mechanism to support and improve metacognition during self-regulated learning. Furthermore, the results confirm the effectiveness of offering detached metacognitive support. While only domain-specific metacognitive support was found to be effective, quantitative and qualitative analysis warrant further research into domain-general and detached metacognitive support.The results also indicated that, while students with higher metacognition found a lack of relevance of using the tool, students with lower metacognition are less likely to make (structural) use of the available support. A key challenge for future research is thus to adapt metacognitive support to learner needs, and to provide metacognitive support to those who would benefit from it the most. The paper concludes by formulating implications for future research as well as design of digital metacognitive support.
Messung gemeinsamer Wissenskonstruktion: Ein Vergleich von hoch-inferenter Beobachtung, niedrig-inferenter Codierung und Selbsteinschätzung der transaktiven Kommunikation
Authors: Jurkowski Susanne , Mundelsee Lukas , Jüngst Christina , Hänze Martin 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungTransaktive Kommunikation bedeutet, dass Lernende auf die Beiträge ihrer Lernpartner:innen Bezug nehmen, auf ihnen aufbauen und sie weiterentwickeln. Dadurch konstruieren die Lernenden gemeinsam Wissen zum Lerngegenstand. In der Forschung wird die transaktive Kommunikation vor allem über die Transkription und Codierung von Audio- oder Videomaterial erhoben. Dieses Vorgehen ist relativ ressourcenintensiv und möglicherweise aufgrund fehlender Informationen über das nonverbale Verhalten der Lernenden und ihre Auseinandersetzung mit dem Lernmaterial in seiner Validität eingeschränkt. Die Studie geht der Frage nach, wie transaktive Kommunikation als zentrales Merkmal der gemeinsamen Wissenskonstruktion gemessen werden kann. Dazu wurden zu zwei Messzeitpunkten mit Partnerarbeit verschiedene Formen der transaktiven Kommunikation von Schüler:innen der neunten Klassenstufe über Selbsteinschätzung anhand eines Fragebogens (N = 516), niedrig-inferente Codierung transkribierter Audioaufnahmen (n = 246) sowie ein hoch-inferentes Beobachtungsverfahren (n = 92) erfasst. Zusätzlich wurden der Wissenserwerb und die Sympathie zum Lernpartner/zur Lernpartnerin erhoben. Es wurde eine Reliabilitäts- und Validitätsprüfung der verschiedenen Messverfahren vorgenommen. Die Beobachterübereinstimmung der hoch-inferenten Einschätzung war moderat bis exzellent, die Interraterreliabilität der codierten Transaktivität moderat bis gut. Faktorenanalysen ergaben für alle drei Erhebungsmethoden eine 1‑Faktor-Lösung der Formen transaktiver Kommunikation. Es zeigte sich ein mittelstarker Zusammenhang zwischen der mit dem Beobachtungsverfahren und der über die Codierung gemessenen transaktiven Kommunikation. Diese beiden Maße korrelierten nicht mit der Selbsteinschätzung transaktiver Kommunikation. Codierung und Selbsteinschätzung standen nicht in Zusammenhang mit dem Wissenserwerb. Dagegen zeigte sich eine mittelstarke Korrelation zwischen der hoch-inferent eingeschätzten Transaktivität und dem Wissenserwerb. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass Transaktivität über das hoch-inferente Beobachtungsverfahren reliabel und valide erfasst werden kann.
Das spezifische Ansprechbarkeitsprinzip in der Behandlung delinquenter Personen
Authors: Stück Elisabeth , Brunner Franziska 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Risk-Need-Responsivity(RNR)-Modell erweist sich in der Behandlung straffällig gewordener Menschen als effektives Modell zur Reduktion der Rückfälligkeit für erneute Straftaten. Um eine individuelle Behandlung mit größtmöglicher Effektivität zu planen, sollen neben den Risikofaktoren v. a. auch die spezifischen Ansprechbarkeitsfaktoren (SAF) sorgfältig erfasst werden. Das spezifische Ansprechbarkeitsprinzip fordert eine klient:innenorientierte Flexibilität bei der Umsetzung der Behandlung und dem Umgang mit individuellen Behandlungsbarrieren. Dabei steht das Prinzip häufig in der Kritik, nicht ausreichend erforscht zu sein und in der Praxis selten berücksichtigt zu werden. Dieses Review bietet einen aktuellen Überblick über klient:innenbezogene SAF und soll Kliniker:innen dabei unterstützen, die SAF ihrer Klient:innen zu identifizieren, um die Behandlung daran anzupassen oder sie gezielt zu adressieren. Dabei unterstreicht dieser Artikel einmal mehr die Bedeutung, aber auch die Komplexität der Operationalisierung von SAF und den Umgang mit ihnen in der Behandlung und Forschung.
Laryngeal oncocytic cystadenoma and sudden death
Authors: Gilbert John D. , Byard Roger W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An 86-year-old woman with Alzheimer disease collapsed in her nursing home and was not able to be resuscitated. At autopsy, the major findings were in the larynx where a pedunculated oncocytic cystadenoma had occluded the glottis. Oncocytic cysts or cystadenomas of the larynx are rare histologically benign lesions that account for only 0.1–1% of laryngeal lesions. While the usual presentation is of a sensation of a mass in the throat, hoarseness, or stridor, very occasionally, there may be acute airway compromise and sudden death. Oncocytic cystadenoma should, therefore, be included in the differential diagnosis of potentially lethal obstructive laryngeal lesions.