bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopy, Structure, Biomacromolecular Interactions, and Antiproliferation Activity of a Fe(II) Complex With DPA-Bpy as Pentadentate Ligand
Authors: Bai Hehe , Shi Jia , Guo Qingyu , Wang Wenming , Zhang Zhigang , Li Yafeng , Vennampalli Manohar , Zhao Xuan , Wang Hongfei 
Published: April 2022

An Fe(II) complex with DPA-Bpy (DPA-Bpy = N,N-bis(2-pyridinylmethyl)-2,20-bipyridine-6 -methanamine) as the ligand was synthesized and characterized to mimic bleomycin. The binding constants (Kb) of the complex with calf thymus DNA and human serum albumin (HSA) were quantitatively evaluated using fluorescence spectroscopy, with Kb as 5.53×105 and 2.40×104 M−1, respectively; the number of the average binding site (n) is close to 1. The thermodynamic analyses suggested that the electrostatic interactions exist between the complex and DNA, and the hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals force exist for the complex and HSA. The Fe complex exhibits cleavage ability toward pBR322 DNA, and the crystal structure of the HSA Fe complex adduct at 2.4 Å resolution clearly shows that His288 serves as the axial ligand of the Fe center complexed with a pentadentate DPA-Bpy ligand. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the complex was evaluated against HeLa cells. Both the Fe complex and HSA Fe complex adduct show obvious effect on cell proliferation with an IC50 of 1.18 and 0.82 μM, respectively; they induced cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycles at S phase. This study provides insight into the plausible mechanism underlying their metabolism and pharmacological activity.
Folate Status and Mortality in US Adults With Diabetes: A Nationally Representative Cohort Study
Authors: Xiong Hui , Li Xiaoxiao , Cheng Shuxian , Chen Pengyu , Guo Sixu , Huang Xianli , Lu Yu 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPublic health concerns have gradually shifted from inadequate intakes to potential adverse effects associated with excessive folate intakes following the full implementation of mandatory folate fortification. This study aimed to examine the associations of red blood cell (RBC) folate with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among patients with diabetes.MethodsData of 15,514 adults aged 20 years or older, who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988–1994), were analyzed as the baseline examination. The participants were linked to mortality data from the survey date until December 31, 2015. The associations of RBC folate with all-cause and CVD mortality were examined using multivariable Cox regression models.ResultsDuring 297,708 person–years of follow-up (median of 19.2 years), 6,106 total deaths occurred, including 1,867 deaths from CVD, 1452 deaths from ischemic heart disease, and 415 deaths from stroke disease. The participants with the highest quartile of RBC folate had higher odds of diabetes (fully-adjusted odds ratio: 1.94 [95% CI: 1.53–2.48]). In Cox regression analyses, compared with the participants with the lowest quartile of RBC folate for diabetes, those from quartile 3 and quartile 4 had HRs (95% CIs) of 1.12 (0.87, 1.43) and 1.30 (1.04, 1.63) in all-cause mortality, respectively; in CVD mortality, the HRs were 1.73 (1.08, 2.76) and 1.47 (0.98, 2.22); in ischemic heart disease mortality, they were 2.01 (1.19, 3.39) and 1.62 (1.05, 2.50), respectively. However, high levels of RBC folate were negatively associated with all-cause mortality, CVD mortality and ischemic heart disease mortality in non-diabetes.ConclusionFrom the nationally representative data, increasing levels in RBC folate were independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality among those diagnosed with diabetes, but high levels of RBC folate had a mild protective effect in non-diabetes. The underlying mechanism regarding folate and adverse outcomes in diabetes warrants further clarification.
The Necessity of Lymph Node Dissection Between Sternocleidomastoid and Sternohyoid Muscles in pN1b Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Zhai Yuanpeng , Ruan Litao 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the association between clinicopathologic variables and metastasis of the lymph node (LN) between the sternocleidomastoid and sternohyoid muscles (LNSS) to clarify the necessity of LNSS dissection in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs).MethodsA total of 219 patients undergoing unilateral or bilateral neck dissection for PTCs were prospectively enrolled. The associations between clinicopathologic variables and LNSS metastasis were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsLNSS was present in 108 (40.1%) neck dissection samples and in 76 (34.7%) patients. Positive LNSS occurred in 40/269 (14.9%) neck dissection samples and in 20/219 (9.1%) patients. Univariate analysis showed that tumor stage, number of positive nodes in level III, and number of positive nodes in level IV were related to LNSS metastasis. Multivariate analysis confirmed that T3/4 stage tumors and &gt;2 positive LNs in level IV independently increased the risk of LNSS metastasis.ConclusionsThe low rate of LNSS metastasis would deem routine dissection unnecessary; however, LNSS would require excision if advanced stage tumors or level IV LN metastasis were present.
Experimental Study on the Interaction Between CO2 and Rock During CO2 Pre-pad Energized Fracturing Operation in Thin Interbedded Shale
Authors: Li Baiyang , Mou Jianye , Zhang Shicheng , Ma Xinfang , Zou Yushi , Wang Fei 
Published: April 2022

To investigate the impact of CO2 on rocks during the whole period of CO2 pre-pad energized fracturing operation for thin interbedded shale reservoir, including fracturing and well shut-in, a series of laboratory triaxial fracturing experiments and CO2 soaking experiments were conducted on thin interbedded shale (from Jimsar formations). In these experiments, combined with computed tomography (CT), the effect of fracturing fluid, horizontal principal stress difference, vertical principal stress, and natural fractures on fracture morphology were studied respectively. And based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) experiments, the dissolution of minerals and the changes of pore structure before and after CO2 soaking were analyzed. The results of the fracturing experiment show that the bedding planes are easy to be opened by low viscosity of CO2 and the longitudinal fractures intersect with bedding planes to build a complex fracture network. During CO2 fracturing of thin interbedded shale, the horizontal principal stress difference is no longer a crucial factor to form a complex fracture network, but the vertical stress and natural fractures play important roles. And the soaking experiments indicate that the main dissolved mineral is carbonate whose dissolution ratio can reach 45.2% after soaking for 5 days, leading to the expansion of original pores or the exposure of new pores.
Generation and Management of Faecal Sludge Quantities and Potential for Resource Recovery in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Authors: Eliyan Chea , McConville Jennifer R. , Zurbrügg Christian , Koottatep Thammarat , Sothea Kok , Vinnerås Björn 
Published: April 2022

At the current rate of progress, there will probably still be 2.8 billion people world-wide without safely managed sanitation by 2030. To incentivise and increase implementation of sustainable faecal sludge management (FSM), especially in low and middle-income countries like Cambodia, human waste must be regarded as a resource. However, planning data, e.g. on the quantities, composition and fate of faecal sludge after leaving households, are inadequate and lack accuracy. The aim of this study was to provide baseline data for effective FSM planning by sanitation stakeholders in Phnom Penh. This was done by quantifying sludge volumes generated, transport logistics and resource recovery potential to incentivise sustainable management. Interviews were conducted with users and emptying and transportation contractors, together with collection of technical data about on-site sanitation systems. Geographical coordinates of household sampling locations and disposal sites were also mapped. The results revealed that Cheung Ek and Kob Srov wetlands are the main recipients of faecal sludge collected in Phnom Penh with the amount of 18,800 m3 and 13,700 m3 annually, respectively. The analysis showed that faecal sludge in Phnom Penh contains valuable resources such as nitrogen (6 tons), phosphorus (13 tons) and energy (148-165 GWh) annually, but in-depth investigations of appropriate treatment options for resource recovery are required. Detailed documentation of the location of potential recoverable resources from faecal sludge would assist decision-makers in developing action plans for sustainable FSM in Phnom Penh and similar cities.
Evaluation of Dry Eye After Refractive Surgery According to Preoperative Meibomian Gland Status
Authors: Gong Qianwen , Li Anqi , Chen Lin , Chen Huijuan , Gu Jinjing , Xu Zhiqiang , Lu Fan , Hu Liang 
Published: April 2022

PurposeTo investigate the effect of the preoperative meibomian gland (MG) status on dry eye symptoms after corneal refractive surgery.MethodsThis is a prospective, observational study. Subjects were enrolled and classified into 3 groups according to their MG loss grades. Ocular surface parameters were measured preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months, postoperatively, including the ocular surface disease index questionnaire (OSDI), non-invasive tear film break up time (NIBUT), tear meniscus height and Schirmer I test. All the parameters were analyzed among the three groups, and different time points.ResultsSeventy-eight patients were included in this study. The grade of MG loss varied from 0 to 2, thus the subjects were divided into group 1–3 corresponding to the MG loss. There were no significant differences in all parameters at baseline. The OSDI score increased in all groups at 1 month postoperatively and then decreased after other follow-ups. The OSDI was higher in group 3 than group 1 at all time points postoperatively (P = 0.005, 0.002, 0.034). Besides, it was higher in group 2 at 3 months and 6 months, compared with group 1 (P = 0.006, 0.029). The average NIBUT was shorter in group 3, compared with group 1 and group 2 since 1 month after surgery. At 1 and 3 month postoperatively, the grade of MG loss was positively correlated with the total OSDI and the vision-related scores. And it showed a positive correlation only with the environmental score at 6 months postoperatively.ConclusionsThe dry eye discomfortable symptoms significantly differed post operatively according to their preoperative MG loss grade, though no difference was found at baseline. Dry eye was associated more with vision-related discomfort at first and environmental factors later.
Providing a Nursing Care Plan as a Requirement for Secondary Prevention for People Living With HTLV-1
Authors: Aben-Athar Cintia Yolette Urbano Pauxis , Sampaio Edilson Coelho , Pinto Denise Silva , Vallinoto Antonio Carlos Rosário , Cayres Vallinoto Izaura Maria Vieira 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe absence of nursing care plans aimed at people living with HTLV-1 (PLHTLV) led us to develop and test a proposed nursing care plan based on the evaluation of 55 PLHTLV to outline interventions according to the clinical stage.MethodsAfter interviews with symptomatic patients, nursing diagnoses were made using the NANDA International Nursing Diagnoses (The International Nursing Knowledge Association). Subsequently, interventions were selected through the Classification of Nursing Interventions (NIC), and expected results were selected through the Classification of Nursing Outcomes (NOC).ResultsThe actual diagnoses included (ii) chronic pain, (iii) impaired urinary elimination, and (iv) sexual dysfunction; the health promotion diagnosis was (i) risk-prone health behavior; and the risk diagnoses were (i) risk of feeling powerless and (ii) risk of falls in adults. Nursing care must prevent the lack of adherence to monitoring, establish goals and promote family involvement. A safe home environment requires intervention for fall prevention. Full support in understanding pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies for chronic pain is needed. Interventions allow patients with impaired urinary function to be reintroduced to society. For sexual dysfunction, it is necessary to discuss safe sex and behavioral changes. Regarding risk behaviors, it is necessary to guide the patient/family, adapt language to the education level of these individuals, and help them better accept the condition, among other guidelines.ConclusionThe development of a nursing care plan for PLHTLV is essential for preventing the rapid progression of disease and the improvement of the quality of life of PLHTLV and should be included in the multidisciplinary approach to the secondary level of prevention of HTLV-1.
Return of Sexual Activity Within Six Weeks of Childbirth Among Married Women Attending Postpartum Clinic of a Teaching Hospital in Ethiopia
Authors: Edosa Dirirsa Dejene , Awol Salo Mukemil , Eticha Tariku Regea , Geleta Tinsae Abeya , Deriba Berhanu Senbeta 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:Postpartum sexual health gets very little attention compared to pregnancy and childbirth, even though most maternal deaths and disabilities occur during this time. Therefore, the study aimed to assess return of sexual activity within 6 weeks of childbirth among married women attending postpartum clinic of a teaching hospital in Ethiopia, 2021.MethodsThe hospital-based cross-sectional study design was implemented from September to October 2021. Eligible postpartum women were sampled by systematic random sampling technique. The data was entered into EPI-info and exported to SPSS version 24 for further analysis. All variables with a p-value &lt; 0.05 in multivariable analyses were taken as associated factors with the return to sexual activity before 6 weeks of childbirth.ResultsA total of 421 postpartum women participated in the study. The prevalence of women who return to sexual activity 6 weeks after childbirth was 31.6%. The study revealed that monogamy (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 4.4, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) (2.1, 9.4)), parity (AOR= 0.11, 95% CI (0.02–0.81)) and (AOR = 0.1, 95% CI (0.015–0.72)), postnatal care (AOR= 1.8, 95% CI (1.01–3)) and infants feeding status (AOR=2.3, 95% CI (1.3–4)) were significantly associated with return of sexual activity before 6 weeks of childbirth.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggested that, nearly one-third of postpartum women engaged to sexual activity within 6 weeks of childbirth. Return of sexual activity within 6 weeks of childbirth associated with monogamy type of marriage, parity, postnatal care, and child feeding status. Strengthening postpartum counseling regarding the appropriate time to resume sexual activity is crucial. Regular postpartum visits following deliveries should also be encouraged by health care providers.
Clinical Characteristics, Quality of Life, and Risk Factors of Amputation Stump Skin Disease and Stump Fungal Infection in Adult Amputees in Shanghai, China
Authors: Li Yanqiao , He Longwen , Lu Xiangting , Du Qian , Yu Shijun , Huang Xin 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe stump site of amputees is clinically vulnerable and prone to various skin diseases. Data regarding the impact on quality of life (QoL) of amputees with amputation stump skin disease (ASSD) and risk factors of ASSD and stump fungal infection in the Shanghai area are yet unknown.ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the QoL of amputees with ASSD and explore the risk factors of ASSD and stump fungal infection in the Shanghai area.MethodologyA total of 104 amputees from Shanghai Hebin Rehabilitation Hospital, Otto Bock (China) Industries Co., Ltd., Shanghai Tongji Hospital, and Shanghai Rehabilitation and Vocational Training Center for the Disabled were enrolled in this study. We collected demographic, clinical, and skin fungal examination data from these amputees from April 2015 to May 2021. Dermatology life quality index (DLQI) questionnaire was used to evaluate the QoL. The risk factors for ASSD and fungal skin infection were analyzed by the univariate analyses.ResultsThe median age of the 104 amputees was 57.9 ± 11.9 years with an average amputation time of 17.7 ± 15.1 years, and 73% of cases were men. The mean DLQI score of amputees with ASSD was13.6, suggesting the severe impairment of QoL. Among amputees, 41 (39.4%) had confirmed ASSD, of whom 24 (58.5%) suffered from fungal skin infection and the remaining were subjected to intertriginous dermatitis and eczema (22%), cutaneous keratosis (12.2%), and others (7.3%). Aspergillus (50.0%) was the most common species. The other fungal organisms included Trichophyton rubrum (33.3%), Candida krusei (8.3%), T. mentagrophytes (4.2%), and C. albicans (4.2%). ASSD rather than non-ASSD was more common in men (80.4%) and summer (46.3%). Summer (OR = 3.31, 95% CI = 1.19–9.17) was an established risk factor for ASSD compared to spring. The daily artificial limb wearing time &gt; 8 h was associated with stump fungal infection.ConclusionThe QoL of amputees with ASSD was severely affected and the ASSD was characterized by fungal infection (tinea), intertriginous dermatitis, eczema, and skin keratosis. Summer and daily prosthesis wearing &gt; 8 h was a risk factor for ASSD. Aspergillus was the most common fungal species, especially when the stump was exposed in summer.
Effect of Arm Movement and Task Difficulty on Balance Performance in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults
Authors: Muehlbauer Thomas , Hill Mathew W. , Heise Joana , Abel Leander , Schumann Ina , Brueckner Dennis , Schedler Simon 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundStudies have shown that restricted compared to free arm movement negatively affects balance performance during balance assessment and this is reinforced when the level of task difficulty (e.g., varying stance/walk conditions, sensory manipulations) is increased. However, it remains unclear whether these findings apply to individuals with differences in the development of the postural control system. Thus, we examined the influence of arm movement and task difficulty on balance performance in children, adolescents, and young adults.MethodsStatic, dynamic, and proactive balance performance were assessed in 40 children (11.5 ± 0.6 years), 30 adolescents (14.0 ± 1.1 years), and 41 young adults (24.7 ± 3.0 years) using the same standardized balance tests [i.e., one-legged stance (OLS) time with eyes opened/closed and/or on firm/foam ground, 3-m beam (width: 6, 4.5, or 3 cm) walking backward step number, Lower Quarter Y-Balance test (YBT-LQ) reach distance] with various difficulty levels under free vs. restricted arm movement conditions.ResultsIn all but one test, balance performance was significantly better during free compared to restricted arm movement. Arm by age interactions were only observed for the YBT-LQ and post hoc analyses revealed significantly greater performance differences between free and restricted arm movement, especially, in young adults. Arm by age by task difficulty interactions were found for the OLS and the 3-m beam walking backward test. Post hoc analyses showed significantly greater performance differences between free and restricted arm movement during high vs. low levels of task difficulty and this was more pronounced in children and adolescents.ConclusionsRegardless of age, static, dynamic, and proactive balance performance benefited from arm movements and this was especially noted for youth performing difficult balance tasks.
Transformation of Stilbene Glucosides From Reynoutria multiflora During Processing
Authors: Bai Junqi , Chen Wanting , Huang Juan , Su He , Zhang Danchun , Xu Wen , Zhang Jing , Huang Zhihai , Qiu Xiaohui 
Published: April 2022

The root of Reynoutria multiflora Thunb. Moldenke (RM, syn.: Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.) has been widely used in TCM clinical practice for centuries. The raw R. multiflora (RRM) should be processed before use, in order to reduce toxicity and increase efficiency. However, the content of trans-2, 3, 5, 4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (trans-THSG), which is considered to be the main medicinal ingredient, decreases in this process. In order to understand the changes of stilbene glycosides raw R. multiflora (RRM) and processed R. multiflora (PRM), a simple and effective method was developed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive plus orbitrap MS/MS). The content and quantity of stilbene glycosideshave undergone tremendous changes during the process. Seven parent nucleus of stilbene glycosides and 55 substituents, including 5-HMF and a series of derivatives, were identified in PM. 146 stilbene glycosides were detected in RRM, The number of detected compounds increased from 198 to 219 as the processing time increased from 4 to 32 h. Among the detected compounds, 102 stilbene glycosides may be potential new compounds. And the changing trend of the compounds can be summarized in 3 forms: gradually increased, gradually decreased, first increased and then decreased or decreased first. The content of trans-THSG was indeed decreased during processing, as it was converted into a series of derivatives through the esterification reaction with small molecular compounds. The clarification of secondary metabolite group can provide a basis for the follow-up study on the mechanism of pharmacodynamics and toxicity of PM, and for screening of relevant quality markers.