bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic characterization of amniotic fluid of fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cyst
Authors: Li Shangqing , Lyu Guorong , Li Shaohui , Yang Hainan , Yang Yiru 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the amino acid (AA)-related metabolic characteristics of amniotic fluid (AF) obtained by ultrasound-guided amniocentesis from fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts of the central nervous system.

Methods
Ultrasound-guided amniocentesis was performed on 17 fetuses with isolated choroid plexus cysts (ICPCs) and 17 normal fetuses. The AF samples from normal pregnancies were matched with the case samples in a 1:1 ratio based upon gestational age. The AF samples from the 34 fetuses were analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Then, the peak areas of the metabolites were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and univariate statistical analysis.

Results
This study ultimately identified 31 AAs. Seven differentially abundant AAs were screened out, including citrulline, ethanolamine, aspartic acid, valine, 5-hydroxylysine, proline, and isoleucine (p-value<0.05). A total of 4 metabolic pathways were significantly altered in the ICPC group: valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis; valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation; pantothenate and coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis; and arginine biosynthesis.

Conclusions
The results of this study indicate that fetuses with ICPC have disrupted levels of citrulline, ethanolamine, aspartic acid, valine, 5-hydroxylysine, proline, and isoleucine, which may ultimately affect fetal glucose and lipid metabolism.
Can sonographic imaging of the fetal pancreas predict perinatal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus?
Authors: Golbasi Hakan , Bayraktar Burak , Golbasi Ceren , Omeroglu Ibrahim , Adiyaman Duygu , Sever Baris , Ekin Atalay 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate whether fetal pancreatic echogenicity and its measurements are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and perinatal outcomes.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted with 150 pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy. The study included pregnant women between 30 and 41 weeks with or without GDM. Fetal pancreatic circumference was measured using the free-hand tracking function. The echogenicity of the fetal pancreas was compared with the echogenicity of the liver and bone (ribs, spine) and classified as Grades 1, 2 and 3. The relationship between maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes with fetal pancreas measurements and echogenicity was evaluated.

Results
Pregnant women with 75 GDM and 75 without GDM were included in the study. Mean fetal pancreas circumference measurements were significantly higher in pregnant women with GDM than in those without GDM (p=0.001). Hyperechogenic (Grade 3) fetal pancreas was significantly higher in pregnant women with GDM than in pregnant women without GDM, and there was a positive correlation between pancreatic echogenicity and HbA1c levels in pregnant women with GDM (r=0.631, p<0.01). There was a significant relationship between pancreatic echogenicity, measurements and adverse neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with GDM, and pancreas measurements were significantly higher in pregnant women with cesarean delivery.

Conclusions
Fetal pancreatic echogenicity and measurements in pregnant women with GDM can give an idea about glucose regulation and adverse perinatal outcomes.
Association between maternal thyroid function and risk of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia
Authors: Medjedovic Edin , Stanojevic Milan , Kurjak Asim , Begic Edin , Iglica Amer , Jonuzovic-Prosic Sabaheta 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the influence of maternal level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) one by one or in combination on incidence of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.

Methods
The study included pregnant women (n=107) hospitalized in the period from July 1, 2020 to October 10, 2021 at the Department of Pathology of Pregnancy of the University Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Center Sarajevo (UCCS) (Bosnia and Herzegovina), due to hypertensive disorder in pregnancy without symptoms of impaired thyroid function. In all patients fulfilling inclusion criteria TSH, FT3, and FT4 using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA, Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland) were checked. There were two groups of patients: one with gestational hypertension (G1) and the other with preeclampsia (G2). The programs SPSS for Windows 25.0, SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA and Microsoft Excel 11, Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA were used for statistical analysis using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test because the distribution of the data was not normal. The result was considered statistically significant if p<0.05.

Results
Gestational age at delivery (G2 36.86 ± 3.79 vs. G1 38.94 ± 2.15; p=0.002) and birth weight (G2 2,841.36 ± 1,006.39 vs. G2 3,290.73 ± 745.6; p=0,032) were significantly different between the investigated groups. The difference between the peak systolic (p=0.002), peak diastolic blood pressure (p=0.007), TSH (p=0.044), and FT3 (p=0.045) were statistically significant. Impaired thyroid function was observed more often in G2 than in G1.

Conclusions
Thyroid function was more often affected adversely in pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia than with gestational hypertension. Based on the results of our study it might be prudent to check thyroid hormones in all asymptomatic pregnancies with preeclampsia or gestational hypertension. These findings need confirmation in larger better designed prospective studies.
Minority Rights in Ukraine After the Maidan Revolution: Change or Continuity?
Authors: Terzyan Aram 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper explores the state of minority rights in Ukraine following the 2014 Maidan revolution.
The Maidan revolution has been largely regarded as the most radical attempt at de-institutionalizing post-Soviet politics and order since 1991 and forging a new Ukrainian nation.
Such an endeavor leads us to address a critical question of what the core implications are on minority rights in Ukraine, which encompass religious, ethnic, and sexual minority rights. This analysis places special emphasis on minority religious rights in post-Maidan Ukraine. Findings suggest that the Maidan revolution has not led to substantial policy reform as it pertains to minorities, thus leaving many of their problems unaddressed. While the Maidan aided Ukraine in becoming more “Ukrainian” and reinforced the national identification of the Ukrainian population, it marked a considerable shift in nationalism by ensuing adverse effects on the Russian-speaking population in Eastern Ukraine, as well as on other ethnic and religious minority groups. Moreover, the Ukrainian authorities’ efforts at gaining “spiritual independence” from the Russian Orthodox Church have been met with challenges for religious minority groups. Despite the legislative measures aimed at protecting the rights of LGBTI community, their effective implementation remains a significant and unresolved problem.
Physico-chemical and nutraceutical properties of Cola lepidota seed oil
Authors: Oni Sarah , Akinlabi Akinola , Bamisaye Abayomi , Ojo Josephine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The extraction and preliminary characterization of oil from Cola lepidota seed were studied in this paper. The extraction was done in a Soxhlet extractor with n-Hexane as the solvent. The iodine value, acid value, saponification value, and peroxide value of the oil were all measured quantitatively. The oil yielded 1.10 percent, with an iodine value of 57.67 ± 0.01 mg/100 g, an acid value of 15.50 ± 0.01 mg/KOH/g, a saponification value of 125.69 ± 0.15 mg/KOH/g, and a peroxide value of 5.04 ± 0.06 meq/kg/L. GC-MS was used to identify phytochemicals such as hydrouracil, 1,2-propanediol, glycerine, divinyl sulphide, glucitol, and benzoic acid. The findings of this study revealed that the oil has phytochemicals and nutraceutical qualities, indicating that it might be screened and employed in supplementing human and animal diets, as well as in the production of cosmetics and detergents.
Cytokine gene polymorphism frequencies in Turkish population living in Marmara region
Authors: Ozdilli Kursat , Ogret Yeliz Duvarcı , Oguz Suleyman Rustu , Abatay Sel Figen , Senturk Ciftci Hayriye , Kekik Cinar Cigdem , Pehlivan Sacide , Savran Oguz Fatma 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Sequence variants in cytokine genes are related to affect cytokine gene levels. In this study, it was aimed to examine eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five cytokine genes (TNF-α, INF-γ, IL-6, IL10, TGF-β) for the Turkish population living in Marmara region and to reveal the genetic distance between the study group and other populations.

Methods
In this study, three-hundred unrelated healthy individuals were involved and all genotyping were performed by using sequence-specific primers PCR (PCR-SSP) method. The SNP data were analyzed for Hardy Weinberg equilibrium fit by calculating expected genotype frequencies and comparing them to the observed values using Arlequin software version 3.1. The genetic distances between the study group and other populations were calculated and a neighbor-joining tree was constructed by PHYLIP.

Results
The observed genotypes of TNF-α (−308), IFN-γ (+874), TGF-β (codon 10), and TGF-β (codon 25) of the subjects were found to be similar with other populations investigated in this study. However, there is a significant frequency difference for IL-6 and IL-10 genotypes between populations.

Conclusions
The current population study provided more reference values for these polymorphisms and generated a control group to be used in further association studies especially for transplantation, GVHD, autoimmune and malign disease.
2,5-Dihydroxy-1,4-quinones appended with two phosphinyl groups: syntheses, structures, and redox properties
Authors: Hoang David , Ha Alea , Dobson Timothy J. , Lear Madison E. , McLoughlin Connor P. , Phan Nathan A. , Valente Edward J. , Urnezius Eugenijus 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Low temperature reactions of 1,4-dichloro-2,5-dimethoxybenzene with two equivalents of lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) followed by quenches with chlorophosphines ClPR2 (R = Ph or iPr) yielded 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)-2,5-dichloro-3,6-dimethoxy-benzene (1a) and 1,4-bis(diisopropylphosphino)-2,5-dichloro-3,6-dimethoxy-benzene (1b). Reactions of 1a-b with 30% hydrogen peroxide yielded 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphinyl)-2,5-dichloro-3,6-dimethoxybenzene (2a) and 1,4-bis(diisopropylphosphinyl)-2,5-dichloro-3,6-dimethoxybenzene (2b). Subjecting compounds 2a-b to BBr3/CH3OH resulted in 2,5-bis(diphenylphosphinyl)-3,6-dichlorohydroquinone 3a and 2,5-bis(diisopropylphosphinyl)-3,6-dichlorohydroquinone 3b. Reactions of 3a-b with K2S2O8 under basic conditions followed by acidification allowed for isolation of 2,5-bis(diphenylphosphinyl)-3,6-dihydroxy-quinone (4a) and 2,5-bis(diisopropylphosphinyl)-3,6-dihydroxy-quinone (4b). Compounds 1a-b – 4a-b were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods (nuclear magnetic resonance [FT-NMR] spectroscopy, infrared [FT-IR] spectroscopy, and high resolution mass spectrometry [HRMS]); 3a-b and 4a-b were also investigated by cyclic voltammetry. Compounds 1a-b , 2a , and 4a-b were also characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods.
Comparative study of phenolic profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extract of white and green tea
Authors: Gabr Gamal A. , Hassan Hazem M.M. , Seshadri Vidya D. , Hassan Nahla M.M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The sole difference between white tea (WT) and green tea (GT) is the former that made only from the buds and young leaves of the Camelia sinensis plant, whilst the latter is made from matured tea leaves. The phytochemical profiles, phenolic compounds, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of two varieties of Camellia sinensis teas, white and green, were compared in this study. Total antioxidant capacity, reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging, and Fe+2 chelating activities were used to determine antioxidant activities in water extract of GT and WT. The largest level of phenolic content was discovered in WGTE compared with the lowest amount was found in WWTE (290.67 mg/100 g tea and 185.96 mg/100 g tea, respectively). Phenoilc acids (gallic, benzoic, chlorogenic, ellagic, and ρ-coumaric acids) and flavonoids (rutin and kampherol) were found in the two extracts. The findings of DPPH radical scavenging assays were 84.06 and 82.37% inhibition. In vitro antimicrobial activity was indicated that (WWTE and WGTE) had a high level of activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and gave negative activity against Salmonella typhimurium, and Aspergillus Niger. The WT and GT extracts are a great source of natural antioxidants with biological effects on human health.
Histochemical Characterization of the Dorsal Raphe-Periaqueductal Grey Dopamine Transporter Neurons Projecting to the Extended Amygdala
Authors: Zhao Qin , Ito Tetsufumi , Soko Chika , Hori Yoshie , Furuyama Takafumi , Hioki Hiroyuki , Konno Kohtarou , Yamasaki Miwako , Watanabe Masahiko , Ohtsuka Satoshi , Ono Munenori , Kato Nobuo , Yamamoto Ryo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe dorsal raphe (DR) nucleus contains many tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons which are regarded as dopaminergic (DA) neurons. These DA neurons in the DR and periaqueductal gray (PAG) region (DADR-PAGneurons) are a subgroup of the A10 cluster, which is known to be heterogeneous. This DA population projects to the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and has been reported to modulate various affective behaviors. To characterize, the histochemical features of DADR-PAGneurons projecting to the CeA and BNST in mice, the current study combined retrograde labeling with Fluoro-Gold (FG) and histological techniques, focusing on TH, dopamine transporter (DAT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGlut2). To identify putative DA neurons, DAT-Cre::Ai14 mice were used. It was observed that DATDR-PAGneurons consisted of the following two subpopulations: TH+/VIP– and TH–/VIP+ neurons. The DAT+/TH–/VIP+ subpopulation would be non-DA noncanonical DAT neurons. Anterograde labeling of DATDR-PAGneurons with AAV in DAT-Cre mice revealed that the fibers exclusively innervated the lateral part of the CeA and the oval nucleus of the BNST. Retrograde labeling with FG injections into the CeA or BNST revealed that the two subpopulations similarly innervated these regions. Furthermore, using VGlut2-Cre::Ai14 mice, it was turned out that the TH–/VIP+ subpopulations innervating both CeA and BNST were VGlut2-positive neurons. These two subpopulations of DATDR-PAGneurons, TH+/VIP– and TH–/VIP+, might differentially interfere with the extended amygdala, thereby modulating affective behaviors.
Diacylglycerols interact with the L2 lipidation site in TRPC3 to induce a sensitized channel state
Authors: Erkan‐Candag Hazel , Clarke Amy , Tiapko Oleksandra , Gsell Mathias AF , Stockner Thomas , Groschner Klaus 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCoordination of lipids within transient receptor potential canonical channels (TRPCs) is essential for their Ca2+ signaling function. Single particle cryo‐EM studies identified two lipid interaction sites, designated L1 and L2, which are proposed to accommodate diacylglycerols (DAGs). To explore the role of L1 and L2 in TRPC3 function, we combined structure‐guided mutagenesis and electrophysiological recording with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MD simulations indicate rapid DAG accumulation within both L1 and L2 upon its availability within the plasma membrane. Electrophysiological experiments using a photoswitchable DAG‐probe reveal potentiation of TRPC3 currents during repetitive activation by DAG. Importantly, initial DAG exposure generates a subsequently sensitized channel state that is associated with significantly faster activation kinetics. TRPC3 sensitization is specifically promoted by mutations within L2, with G652A exhibiting sensitization at very low levels of active DAG. We demonstrate the ability of TRPC3 to adopt a closed state conformation that features partial lipidation of L2 sites by DAG and enables fast activation of the channel by the phospholipase C‐DAG pathway.
Cosmopolitismo e decolonialidade
Authors: Costa Antônio Carlos da Rocha 
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo, explicitamos os sentidos políticos das propostas de cosmopolitismo e de decolonialidade tal como elas foram respectivamente apresentadas por Immanuel Kant, no texto Ideia de uma História Universal desde um Ponto de Vista Cosmopolita e por Aníbal Quijano, no artigo “Colonialidade e Modernidade/Racionalidade”. Com base na explicitação desses sentidos, focalizamos então, desde o ponto de vista do processo de equilibração das relações internacionais, a questão da interdependência das duas propostas, isto é: (1) a impossibilidade de cada proposta ser pensada completamente sem a outra; (2) a possibilidade de uma coordenação positiva entre as duas propostas, permitindo que cada uma contribua para a concretização da outra.
Relato de experiência: programa de aperfeiçoamento didático em patologia geral e sistemas na pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Salles Débora , De Souza Santos Debora , Cristina de Moraes Malinverni Andréa 
Published: May 2022

A combinação de diversos elementos leva a uma boa qualidade de ensino, dentre os quais pode-se destacar a preparação dos discentes e docentes. O estágio em docência vai muito além de aprender a ministrar uma aula, pois o professor que se sente comprometido com seu aluno faz uso de recursos que proporcionarão sua motivação e aprendizagem real. O Programa de Aperfeiçoamento Didático é um Programa Institucional da Universidade Federal de São Paulo que atende a política de formação docente de pós-graduandos de Programas de Pós-Graduação , tendo como objetivo o desenvolvimento para a prática docente em todos os seus aspectos. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a experiência deste estágio em docência na unidade curricular de Patologia, para o segundo ano de graduação do curso de bacharel em Enfermagem da Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. A atuação dos estagiários envolveu preparar e lecionar aulas supervisionadas, além de realizar e tutoria para a apresentação dos trabalhos finais da disciplina, entre outras atividades. Foram obtidos ótimos resultados quanto à interação entre estagiários e alunos, e o processo foi uma experiência ímpar, pois os estagiários passaram de uma posição de “recebedor” para “fornecedor” do saber, tendo como desafio democratizar o conhecimento.
Scenarios for vocational education and training in Europe in the 21st century
Authors: Markowitsch Jörg , Bjørnåvold Jens 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Building on the findings of Cedefop’s research project ‘The changing nature and role of VET in Europe’ (2015–18), this article outlines the development and transformation of European VET over the last two decades. Exploring change from epistemological-pedagogical, institutional and socio-economic perspectives, the research not only illustrates the stability and path dependence of national VET systems (and how this sustains overall VET-diversity in Europe), it also demonstrates how the combination of incremental change and major societal and economic shocks shift the orientation of VET. This mapping and analysis of the past is used to outline possible scenarios for the future of vocational education and training in Europe. Three main scenarios - pluralistic, distinctive and special-purpose VET - illustrate the different directions VET can take in the next two decades and the challenges and opportunities involved in this. The final part of the article discusses the potential use of the scenario-approach and how this is taken forward in Cedefop’s follow-up project on the Future of VET (2019–2022).
The characteristics of social problem-solving among Palestinian adolescents
Authors: Aburezeq Khalil , Kasik László 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSocial problem-solving skills are the individual's way for better social adaptation. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the characteristics of Palestinian adolescents' social problem-solving (Positive orientation, negative orientation, rational style, impulsive style, and avoidance style) in connection to some demographic variables (i.e. gender, age, family composition, father's education, and mother's education). As an instrument, Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised (SPSI-R) was applied to 410 Palestinian adolescents whose ages (12, 15, and 18 years old). The results showed that the Palestinian adolescents had the highest level of positive orientation and the least level of negative problem orientation towards solving social-problems. In addition, the finding showed that there were no differences between girls and boys in positive orientation, rational style and impulsive style, while females had a tendency towards negative orientation and avoidance style. There were no differences attributed to age in negative orientation, rational style, impulsive style, and avoidance style. However, it was found that positive orientation was prominent in 18 years old. There was no difference in adolescents' family composition in their dealing with social problems. Also, there was no difference in solving social problems attributed to the father's education. However, there was no difference in negative orientation, positive orientation, rational style, and impulsive style attributed to mother's education. However, there was a relationship between the mother who has elementary school and avoidance style.