bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
QTL mapping and transcriptome analysis identify novel QTLs and candidate genes in Brassica oleracea var. villosa for quantitative resistance against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Authors: Bergmann Thomas , Menkhaus Jan , Ye Wanzhi , Schemmel Markus , Hasler Mario , Rietz Steffen , Leckband Gunhild , Cai Daguang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is one of the most destructive diseases in oilseed rape growing regions. To date, there is no effective genetic resistance against S. sclerotiorum in the B. napus germplasm and knowledge of the molecular plant-fungal interaction is also limited. To identify new resistance resources, we screened a set of wild Brassica species and identified B. villosa (BRA1896) with a high Sclerotinia-resistance. Two segregating F2 populations for Sclerotinia-resistance, generated by interspecific crosses between the resistant B. villosa (BRA1896) and the wild susceptible B. oleracea (BRA1909) were assessed for Sclerotinia-resistance. Genetic mapping using a 15k Illumina Infinium SNP- array resulted in a high-density genetic map containing 1,118 SNP markers and spanning a total genetic length of 792.2 cM. QTL analysis revealed seven QTLs explaining 3.8 % to 16.5 % of phenotypic variance. Intriguingly, RNAseq-based transcriptome analysis identified genes and pathways specific to B. villosa, of which a cluster of five genes encoding putative receptor-like kinases (RLKs) and two pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are co-localized within a QTL on chromosome C07. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis revealed enhanced ethylene (ET)-activated signaling in the resistant B. villosa, which is associated with a stronger plant immune response, depressed cell death, and enhanced phytoalexin biosynthesis compared to the susceptible B. oleracea. Our data demonstrate that B. villosa represents a novel and unique genetic source for improving oilseed rape resistance against SSR.
HIV status and survival of patients with pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease: the Pan African Pulmonary Hypertension Cohort
Authors: Katoto Patrick D.M.C. , Mukasa Sandra L. , Sani Mahmoud U. , Karaye Kamilu M. , Mbanze Irina , Damasceno Albertino , Mocumbi Ana O. , Dzudie Anastase , Sliwa Karen , Thienemann Friedrich 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Little is known about pulmonary hypertension in left heart disease (PH-LHD) in sub-Saharan Africa. We used multivariate logistic and cox-hazard proportional regression models to investigate factors associated with increased right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and the impact of real-world HIV status scenarios on six-month survival rate in the Pan African Pulmonary Hypertension Cohort (PAPUCO) study, a prospective cohort in four African countries. Upon presentation, exposure to biomass fuel smoke (aOR, 95%CI: 3.07, 1.02-9.28), moderate to severe NYHA/FC III/IV (aOR, 95%CI: 4.18, 1.01-17.38) and unknown HIV status (aOR, 95%CI: 2.73, 0.96-7.73) predicted moderate to severe RVSP. After six months, HIV infection, moderate to severe NYHA/FC and alcohol consumption were associated with reduced survival odds. After accounting for HIV infection, each additional increase in RVSP (1 mmHg) and interventricular septal thickness (1 mm) increased the likelihood of dying from PH-LHD by 8% (aHR, 95%CI: 1.08, 1.02-1.13) and 20% (aHR, 95%CI: 1.2, 1.00-1.43), respectively. However, for each additional unit of BMI, the hazard of dying from PH-LHD was reduced by 23%. (aHR, 95%CI: 0.77, 0.59-1.00). We provide factors that are significantly associated with poor survival in PH-LHD patients, some of which are easily assessable and modifiable in resource-constrained settings.
Risedronate prevents exercise-induced hypercalcemia but not nausea or vomit in humans: a double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Senda Masamitsu , Hamano Takayuki , Fujii Naohiko , Ito Toshimitsu , Isaka Yoshitaka , Moriyama Toshiki 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Reportedly, nausea or vomiting after heavy exercise was associated with post-exercise increased blood calcium (Ca) levels, which was correlated with enhanced bone resorption.
Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, enrolling 104 healthy trained male members of the Japan Self-Defense Forces. Risedronate (17.5 mg) or placebo was prescribed 3 and 10 days before heavy exercise lasting approximately 5 hours. We estimated Ca levels immediately after the exercise using the correlation between blood Ca and time from the end of exercise. The primary outcome was the severity of nausea or vomiting assessed by a visual analog scale during or post-exercise. The secondary outcomes included clinical symptoms associated with heat illness, post-exercise serum total Ca (tCa), whole blood ionized Ca (iCa), and serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b) levels.
Results: The mean age and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were 26 years and 87 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. The exercise resulted in a 4.5% weight loss. The two groups were comparable in terms of the symptoms, including primary outcome, and post-exercise eGFR. However, post-exercise estimated tCa and TRACP-5b were significantly lower with risedronate. A similar result was observed for estimated iCa. The incidence of hypercalcemia (defined as an estimated tCa or iCa levels ≥ each median value of all subjects) and urinary Ca excretion were significantly lower with risedronate. A stronger treatment effect of risedronate on blood Ca levels was observed in participants who lost substantial bodyweight.
Conclusion: Our strategy may help decrease the incidence of urinary stones often observed in marathon runners.
Trial Registration Registered on www.umin.ac.jp (UMIN000032110)
Multiple Sclerosis Presenting as Intracranial Hypertension in the Setting of COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Hammad Mustafa , Abu-Ghosh Mohammed 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) occur more commonly in women of childbearing age. There is cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) altered dynamics in both diseases causing them to have similar presentation at times. Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) have also been reported to affect the Central Nervous System (CNS) of any age.
Case Presentation:
We report A-19-year-old male who initially presented with headaches, and fever and was diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. A few days later, he developed acute severe left eye pain, blurred vision, diplopia, and left ear tinnitus. The patient was found to have reduced visual acuity, left sixth nerve palsy, esotropia and asymmetric bilateral papilledema. Later, he developed left facial nerve palsy. MRI of the brain showed extensive demyelinating lesions. Lumbar puncture revealed significantly increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and positive oligoclonal bands.
Conclusion
This is a unique case of MS presenting with intracranial hypertension (IH) in the setting of COVID-19 infection that could have been the trigger for the MS clinical attack.
Bone mineral density in infant and young child aged 6 to 36 months: a retrospective study in main urban areas of Chongqing, China
Authors: Shen Liang , Huang Shengping , Li Yuheng , Sun Xuehua , Liu Zuping , Yu Yang , Zhao Yan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:
Bone mineral density (BMD) in infant and young child is the focus of child care physicians in the process of development during childhood. The study aimed at investigating the BMD of full-term, singleton infant and young child aged 6 to36 months of Chongqing’s main urban areas.
Methods:
Quantitative ultrasound was used to detect the BMD of the middle tibia of 8354 term infants (3919 boys and 4435 girls) aged 6 to 36 months in the urban area of Chongqing, and the BMD levels of infant and young child of different sexes, ages, weight-for-height and birth weight was compared.
Results:
The overall insufficient BMD detection rate was 14.39% in all children. The prevalence of insufficient BMD in boys was lower than that in girls (P < 0.001). And detection rate of BMD deficiency in infant and young child aged 6 to11months, 12 to17 months, 18 to 23 months, 24 to 29 months and 30 to 36 months were 32.6%, 10.6%, 7.5%, 7.0% and 5.8%, respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in BMD among infant and young child with different weight for length (P < 0.001). And the BMD was not associated with the birth weight of the child (P = 0.952).
Conclusions:
Medical staff should regularly follow up children according to the characteristics of insufficient BMD, understand the deposition of bone calcium in infants and young children, so as to achieve early detection and early intervention.
Identification of ferroptosis-associated genes exhibited in human kidney biopsies after one hour of normothermic machine perfusion
Authors: Ming Shaopeng , Wen Haiming , Zeng Chunrong , Qin Ke 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
In the 21st century, chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major global health problem, and the prevalence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) has increased rapidly worldwide. In patients with ESKD, transformative kidney transplantation technology offers the greatest potential for improving quality of life and increasing survival. A growing number of studies now suggest that normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) may be beneficial for graft preservation. Ferroptosis has been shown to have significant adverse effects in models of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, few studies have examined the effect of NMP on ferroptosis in transplanted kidneys.
Method
In the current study, gene expression profiles of pre-NMP and 1h-NMP of four discarded human kidney biopsies were downloaded from a public database, and 21 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. These genes were screened for ferroptosis-associated genes using the FerrDb database, thereby identifying six genes. Finally, the construction of gene-microRNA (miRNA), gene transcription factor (TF), gene-disease, and gene-drug networks, in conjunction with gene ontology and biological pathway enrichment analysis, was used to inform hypothesis regarding the molecular mechanisms of NMP regulation of ferroptosis.
Results
Six genes were involved in NMP regulation of ferroptosis, including ATF3, TNFAIP3, JUN, IL6, CXCL2, and GDF15. Ferroptosis-associated genes are the key players in kidney tissue inflammatory responses and may be regulated by several identified miRNAs and TFs, thereby suggesting that the inhibition of ferroptosis by NMP may involve regulatory pathways.
Conclusion
These results suggest that 1 h of NMP treatment may inhibit ferroptosis in kidney tissue. This finding may help improve transplant kidney preservation methods and reduce transplant kidney injury and post-transplant kidney adverse events.
Effects of processing parameters on the surface roughness of Zr-based bulk metallic glass processed by Wire Electrical Discharge Machining
Authors: Tang Huohong , Cheng Maohu , Chang Weijie , Yin Yingyue , Dong Bolin , Yang Qin , Chen Shunhua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Bulk metallic glass (BMG) is one of the predominant materials that are progressively used in the aerospace, medical devices, electronics, sporting goods and engineering materials. Examples include springs, miniature gears, high-end cell phones, slatted track covers, baseball clubs and computer shields. Making of components by BMG is still confrontation. Conventional methods of machining are restricted in use due to more tool wear and slower processing efficiency. Non-traditional methods of machining have been widely used for processing hard materials. Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) is one among the promising approach of machining for hard and conductive materials, especially for the new BMG metal material. The preliminary aim of this exploration is to predict the temperature field distribution using the modified Gaussian heat source mode during WEDM multi-pulse discharge process. The impact of various variables like pulse off time and peak current over the pit depth and surface roughness is investigated. Taguchi's orthogonal arrays are espoused to analyze the influence of these parameters and to determine the better machining performance.
Novel Electrospun Titanium (IV) Oxide Composite Hollow Fibres with Silver Oxide Outgrowth: Synthesis, Fabrication, Properties and Prospective Applications
Authors: Sirimekanont Tanatchporn , Supaphol Pitt , Sombatmankhong Korakot 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A two-dimensional nanostructure composed of Ag2O nanobranches attached to TiO2 hollow nanofibres (2D Ag2O/TiO2) was successfully prepared as a novel material for energy applications. Sol-gel and coaxial electrospinning techniques were combined to produce hollow one-dimensional Ag/TiO2 from a colloidal solution, comprised of titanium (IV) isopropoxide, poly (vinyl acetate) and metal seed particles. Subsequently, the precursor nanofibres were calcined in ambient air at 500 oC for 1 hour, followed by a hydrothermal treatment. The silver nanoparticles functioned as seeds to generate the Ag2O outgrowth on the TiO2 surfaces using a hydrothermal treatment at different times and temperatures. FE-SEM and TEM results confirmed well-oriented nanofibres with a well‑retained hollow structure after treatment processes. FTIR and EDX elemental analysis confirmed the removal of organic materials and TiO2 formation after calcination. XRD patterns revealed the crystalline features of anatase TiO2 with cubic shaped Ag2O. The change in physical appearance, surface area and electrical conductivity of 2D Ag2O/TiO2 was studied and compared with those of 0D and 1D TiO2-based nanofibers using FE-SEM, SAED patterns, BET, electrochemical methods and a collinear four-point probe technique. Finally, a potential application of 2D Ag2O/TiO2 for photocatalysis was verified with a photoelectrochemical test using EIS with and without UV illumination.
Alcohol drinking and associated factors among chronic disease patients in primary health centers in Cambodia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tep Sovanvorleak , Lin Ruixi , Chhoun Pheak , Mao Soukean , Ly Chuong Ay , Tuot Sovannary , Yi Siyan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Alcohol drinking is a significant risk factor for many chronic diseases. It can aggravate some existing chronic conditions, which are likely to be worsened even by occasional and short-term alcohol consumption. Given the high prevalence of at-risk drinking among the Cambodian general population and the potential health consequences of alcohol, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption and identified factors associated with alcohol drinking among outpatients with chronic diseases in Cambodia.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted with outpatients receiving care and treatment for one or more of twenty chronic diseases and conditions in four urban and rural primary health centers. Eligible patients were selected from the outpatient department of the selected health centers using a systematic sampling procedure. We conducted a multiple logistic regression model to identify factors associated with alcohol drinking.
Results
This study included 1600 patients, with 77.7% being female. Of the total, 24.8% reported using alcohol at least once in the past 12 months. After controlling for other covariates, the odds of alcohol drinking were significantly lower among participants in the age groups of 35–51, 52–68, and 69–85 than those in the age group of 21–34. The odds of alcohol drinking were significantly higher among participants who were male, had 6 to 12 years of formal education, were employed, had a poor diet index, and had hypertension and migraine or frequent headaches.
Conclusions
A considerably high proportion of patients with chronic diseases and conditions in this study consumed alcohol in the past year despite being diagnosed with and on treatment for chronic diseases and conditions. Given the potential interaction of alcohol use and chronic diseases, a history of and current alcohol use should be elicited in the treatment process in primary healthcare settings, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Cambodia.
Biobanking and Consenting to Research: a Qualitative Thematic Analysis of Young People’s Perspectives
Authors: Velden Fabian Johannes Stanislaus van der , Lim Emma , Gills Lily , Broadey Jasmin , Hayes Louise , Roberts Eve , Courtney Jack , Ball Joanne , Herberg Jethro , Galassini Rachel , Emonts Marieke 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Biobanking biospecimens and consent are common practice in paediatric research. We need to explore children and young people’s (CYP) knowledge and perspectives around the use of and consent to biobanking. This will ensure meaningful informed consent can be obtained and improve current consent procedures.
Methods
We designed a survey, in co-production with CYP, collecting demographic data, views on biobanking, and consent using three scenarios: 1) prospective consent, 2) deferred consent, and 3) reconsent and assent at age of capacity. The survey was disseminated via the Young Person’s Advisory Group North England (YPAGne) and participating CYP’s secondary schools. Data were analysed using a qualitative thematic approach by three independent reviewers (including CYP) to identify common themes. Data triangulation occurred independently by a fourth reviewer.
Results
102 CYP completed the survey. Most were between 16-18 years (63.7%, N=65) and female (66.7%, N=68). 72.3% had no prior knowledge of biobanking (N=73).
Acceptability of prospective consent for biobanking was high (91.2%, N=93) with common themes: ‘altruism’, ‘potential benefits outweigh individual risk’, frugality, and ‘(in)convenience’.
Deferred consent was also deemed acceptable in the large majority (84.3%, N=86), with common themes: ‘altruism’, ‘body integrity’ and ‘sample frugality’. 76.5% preferred to reconsent when cognitively mature enough to give assent (N=78), even if parental consent was previously in place. 79.2% wanted to be informed if their biobanked biospecimen is reused (N=80).
Conclusion
Prospective and deferred consent acceptability for biobanking is high among CYP. Altruism, frugality, body integrity, and privacy are the most important themes. Clear communication and justification are paramount to obtain consent. Any CYP with capacity should be part of the consenting procedure, if possible.
Improved outcomes of elderly patients with acute and displaced proximal humerus fractures treated with window bone ingrowth fracture-specific stem reverse shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Claro Rui , Ribau Ana , Fonte Hélder , Amorim-Barbosa Tiago , Barros Luís Henrique , Sevivas Nuno 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:
The optimal treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) in the elderly population remains controversial. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is a popular surgical treatment option that provides improved and reproducible results. However, the relevance of fracture-specific stem designs for RSA to improve tuberosity consolidation and shoulder function remains debatable.
Methods:
This study included all patients 70 years or older with acute and displaced PHFs primarily treated with RSA at a single institution between January 2010 and December 2019 who participated in a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Exclusion criteria were pathologic fractures and more than 6 weeks between fracture onset and the time of surgery.
Results:
A total of 112 patients (15 men and 97 women) with a median clinical follow-up of 52 months were included. The mean age at the time of fracture was 78.6 years. The mean time from trauma to surgery was 6.9 days. The mean length of the postoperative hospital stay was 5.2 days. According to the Charlson comorbidity index, 41 patients had a score of 4, and 17 patients had a score ≥ 6. All fractures were classified as Neer types 3 and 4 (n = 50 and n = 62, respectively). Most patients had American Society of Anesthesiology scores II and III (56% and 40%, respectively). A fracture-specific humeral implant was used for 86 patients, and a conventional humeral stem was used for 26 patients. Regarding the tuberosity fixation technique, 76 tuberosities were attached using technique A and 36 tuberosities were attached using technique B. The overall survival rate during the 2-year follow-up was 88.2%; however, this decreased to 79% at 5 years. Most patients returned to normal activities of daily living, and 45.5% of the patients achieved functional mobility. Only three patients had complications (two infections and one dislocation) requiring revision surgery. In the multivariable analysis, the tuberosity fixation technique (P = 0.012) and tuberosity anatomical consolidation (P < 0.001) were associated with improved Constant scores. Fracture-specific humeral implants (P = 0.051), the tuberosity fixation technique (P = 0.041), tuberosity anatomical consolidation (P < 0.001), and dementia influenced the achievement of functional mobility (P = 0.014). Tuberosity anatomic consolidation was positively associated with bone ingrowth fracture-specific humeral implants (P < 0.01) and a strong tuberosity fixation technique (P < 0.01).
Conclusion:
RSA is used for complex and displaced fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients. Dementia was negatively correlated with functional outcomes. A window bone ingrowth fracture-specific stem combined with strong tuberosity fixation can yield better clinical and radiological results.
Studies on performance and emission analysis of a CI engine using zinc oxide nanoparticles with biodiesel
Authors: SHUKLA DIVYANSHU , Sharma Ajay Kumar , Maurya Abhijeet 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, B10, B20 and B30 forms of rice bran biodiesel along with concentrations of 750 PPM and 1500 PPM ZnO nanoparticles (< 40 nm size) are used as fuel additives in 4 strokes single-cylinder water-cooled CI engine. The engine runs at 0 kW to 3.5 kW load, a constant speed of 1500 RPM and 17.5:1 mm compression ratio. The ultrasonication process is used to prepare nano fuel for this experimental work. Six different samples such as B10ZnO750, B20ZnO750, B30ZnO750, B10ZnO1500, B20ZnO1500 and B30ZnO1500 of nano additives blended fuels have been prepared using magnetic stirrer. The characteristics of CI engine were analyzed with all six RBME biodiesel nano additives fuel blends and the outcomes were compared to neat diesel fuel. The main aim of this study is to enhance the performance and combustion properties of the engine and deteriorates exhaust emissions of NOX, CO2, CO and HC from the atmosphere. In this study, engine performance parameters such as BSFC, BTE and EGT increased by 14.16%, 27.72%, and 14.35% and reduction in exhaust emission of NOx, CO, CO2, and HC by 17.12%, 75%, 6.66% and 24.18% respectively as compared to neat diesel. However, the slight increase in noise by using all six types of blended fuels in this experimental study. ZnO nano additive with biodiesel blended fuel shows considerable improvement in engine performance and combustion characteristics of diesel engine.