bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐Crystal Nano‐Subunits Assembled Accordion‐Shape WNb2O8 Framework with High Ionic/Electronic Conductivities towards Li‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Qin Li , Zhu Shuhao , Cheng Chao , Wu Dongxu , Wang Guangyuan , Hou Linrui , Yuan Changzhou 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecently, Li‐ion capacitors (LICs) have drawn tremendous attention due to their high energy/power density along with long cycle life. Nevertheless, the slow kinetics and stability of the involved anodes as bottleneck barriers always result in the modest properties of devices. The exploration of advanced anodes with both high ionic and electronic conductivities as well as structural stability thus becomes more significant for practical applications of LICs. Herein, a single‐crystal nano‐subunits assembled hierarchical accordion‐shape WNb2O8 micro‐/nano framework is first designed via a one‐step scalable strategy with the multi‐layered Nb2CTx as a precursor. The underlying solid solution Li‐storage mechanism of the WNb2O8 just with a volumetric expansion of ≈1.5% is proposed with in situ analysis. Benefiting from congenitally crystallographic merits, single‐crystalline characteristic, and open accordion‐like architecture, the resultant WNb2O8 as a robust anode platform is endowed with fast electron/ion transport capability and multi‐electron redox contributions from W/Nb, and accordingly, delivers a reversible capacity of ≈135.5 mAh g−1 at a high rate of 2.0 A g−1. The WNb2O8 assembled LICs exhibit an energy density of ≈33.0 Wh kg−1 at 9 kW kg−1, coupled with remarkable electrochemical stability. The work provides meaningful insights into the rational design and construction of advanced bimetallic niobium oxides for next‐generation LICs.
Prospective cohort study of the association between early lactation mastitis and the presence of sole ulcers in dairy cows
Authors: Watson Christopher , Barden Matthew , Griffiths Bethany E. , Anagnostopoulos Alkiviadis , Higgins Helen M. , Bedford Cherrill , Carter Stuart , Psifidi Androniki , Banos Georgios , Oikonomou Georgios 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to investigate the association between (sub)clinical mastitis (CM) in the first 30 days in milk (DIM) and the presence of sole ulcers (SU) later in lactation.MethodsHolstein cows and heifers were examined for presence of sole haemorrhage and SU before calving, in the first 14 days postcalving and in early lactation (after 30 DIM). CM episodes and somatic cell counts (SCC) measurements were obtained from farm records. Multivariable logistic regression was used for data analysis.ResultsOdds of SU in early lactation were 2.44 times greater (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97–5.54) in cows that had CM in the first 30 DIM compared to cows that did not have CM in the first 30 DIM. When cows that had SU precalving or at the calving check were excluded from the dataset, an association of CM in the first 30 DIM with later presence of SU was no longer statistically significant but the same numeric trend still existed (odds ratio [OR] 2.25, 95% CI 0.81–5.34). The odds of SU in early lactation were 1.70 times greater in cows that had high SCC compared to cows that did not have high SCC in the first 100 DIM (95% CI 1.13–2.55).ConclusionAn association was found between CM in the first 30 DIM and presence of SU in early lactation (after 30 DIM). Elucidating the mechanism behind this relationship could improve our understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of both diseases and lead to new preventive strategies.
Anatomical localisation of the maxillary nerve with the use of computed tomography to aid nerve block placement in dogs
Authors: Beeston Thomas , Israeliantz Gunz Nicolas , Leigh Hannah , Lopez Cristobal , Lord Samuel , Liuti Tiziana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe maxillary block is a commonly used anaesthetic technique in dogs; however, no universal recommendations for the best method to perform this block exist. Differences between using this block in brachycephalic and non‐brachycephalic breeds have not been examined. This study compared the position of the maxillary nerve using CT in brachycephalic and non‐brachycephalic dogs.MethodsForty CT images of the heads of dogs of varying conformation were analysed. The distances and angles to the maxillary nerve from the injection site within the oral cavity were measured. If present in the same plane, the distance to the eye was measured. Measurements of jaw width and length were taken to ascertain if they correlated to the distance to the maxillary nerve from the oral cavity.ResultsThere was no difference in angle between brachycephalic and non‐brachycephalic dogs; however, the distance between nerve and injection point in brachycephalic dogs was generally greater. A regression equation relating maxillary nerve depth to jaw width was found. The eye was more likely to be in the plane of injection if the dog was non‐brachycephalic.ConclusionThe discovered relationship between jaw width and maxillary nerve depth may allow more accurate injections to be made.
The use of photobiomodulation therapy in the treatment of hair cycle arrest in a Pembroke Welsh corgi
Authors: Bello Kaitlyn , Diaz Sandra , Cole Lynette , Lorch Gwendolen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHair cycle arrest is a relatively common condition of double‐coated breeds with a complex and poorly defined pathogenesis. Several therapeutic options have been described; however, the clinical response is often variable, and some treatment options can be invasive and may invoke adverse effects. Herein is described the first case of hair cycle arrest in a Pembroke Welsh corgi, which was successfully treated with photobiomodulation therapy. Photobiomodulation therapy (previously known as low‐level laser therapy) proved to be a well‐tolerated treatment, with no adverse effects appreciated. Videodermoscopy, a non‐invasive technique, was utilised to objectively measure response to treatment and was a readily repeatable tool for in‐hospital use. This case highlights a previously unrecognised breed to consider for the diagnosis of hair cycle arrest, as well a new indication for photobiomodulation therapy as a treatment option and videodermoscopy diagnostic analysis software as an aid in case management for practitioners moving forward.
Medical management of open pyometra in a giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)
Authors: Aguilar Laura A. B. , Leach Kathryn , Watson Megan K. , Wang Chengdong , Rivera Sam 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe female giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) has a characteristic reproductive physiology that involves a defined breeding season, embryonic diapause and potential for pseudopregnancy. The hormonal variation related to these reproductive characteristics may be a factor contributing to reproductive pathologies. In this case report, open pyometra was diagnosed in a giant panda. Clinical signs included lethargy, anorexia and mucopurulent vulvar discharge. Diagnostic tests performed included complete blood cell count, plasma biochemistry, protein electrophoresis, cytology, culture and sensitivity and abdominal ultrasonography. Treatment consisted of systemic antibiotics based on culture and sensitivity. Response to treatment was monitored via ultrasonography and visual examination of the vulvar region. Two weeks after treatment, the pyometra resolved and no subsequent complications were seen. This is the first case of pyometra reported in a giant panda. Pyometra should be considered as a differential diagnosis in entire female giant pandas presenting with abnormal clinical signs following breeding season.
Computed tomography findings in canine cholangiocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tanaka Toshiyuki , Noguchi Shunsuke , Wada Yusuke , Nishida Hidetaka , Akiyoshi Hideo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough triple‐phase computed tomography is used for differentiating canine liver neoplasms, there is limited information on the computed tomography features of cholangiocellular carcinoma. This retrospective case series assessed the computed tomography features of nine canine cholangiocellular carcinomas. The following computed tomography features were recorded: lesion shape (massive, multiple nodular or diffuse lesions), lesion location, rim enhancement (present or absent), enhancement pattern (stable, progressive or washout), lymphadenopathy (presence or absence) and pulmonary metastasis (presence or absence). Massive lesions, multiple nodular lesions and diffuse lesions were detected in two (22%), five (56%) and two (22%) patients, respectively. Rim enhancement in the arterial phase was observed in eight (89%) patients. Progressive enhancement was detected in six (67%) of the patients. Rim enhancement in the arterial phase and progressive enhancement may be characteristic of cholangiocellular carcinoma in dogs.
Axion-like particle searches at DarkQuest
Authors: Blinov Nikita , Kowalczyk Elizabeth , Wynne Margaret 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAxion-like particles (ALPs) interacting with the Standard Model can be abundantly produced in proton beam fixed-target experiments. Looking for their displaced decays is therefore an effective search strategy for ALPs with a mass in the MeV to GeV range. Focusing on the benchmark models where the ALP interacts dominantly with photons or gluons, we show that the proposed DarkQuest experiment at Fermilab will be able to test parameter space which has been previously inaccessible. We pay particular attention to the self-consistency of gluon-coupled ALP production and decay calculations, which has been recently shown to be a problem in many existing predictions. We also apply these results to explore existing constraints in the ALP parameter space.
Reflected entropy in double holography
Authors: Ling Yi , Liu Peng , Liu Yuxuan , Niu Chao , Xian Zhuo-Yu , Zhang Cheng-Yong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Recently, the reflected entropy is proposed in holographic approach to describe the entanglement of a bipartite quantum system in a mixed state, which is identified as the area of the reflected minimal surface inside the entanglement wedge. In this paper, we study the reflected entropy in the doubly holographic setup, which contains the degrees of freedom of quantum matter in the bulk. In this context, we propose a notion of quantum entanglement wedge cross-section, which may describe the reflected entropy with higher-order quantum corrections. We numerically compute the reflected entropy in pure AdS background and black hole background in four dimensions, respectively. In general, the reflected entropy contains the contribution from the geometry on the brane and the contribution from the CFT. We compute their proportion for different Newton constants and find that their behaviors are in agreement with the results based on the semi-classical gravity and the correlation of CFT coupled to the bath CFT.
Infinitesimally thin static scalar shells surrounding charged Gauss-Bonnet black holes
Authors: Hod Shahar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We reveal the existence of a new form of spontaneously scalarized black-hole configurations. In particular, it is proved that Reissner-Nordström black holes in the highly charged regime Q/M > (Q/M)crit = $$ \sqrt{21}/5 $$

21

/
5
can support thin matter shells that are made of massive scalar fields with a non-minimal coupling to the Gauss-Bonnet invariant of the curved spacetime. These static scalar shells, which become infinitesimally thin in the dimensionless large-mass Mμ » 1 regime, hover a finite proper distance above the black-hole horizon [here {M, Q} are respectively the mass and electric charge of the central supporting black hole, and μ is the proper mass of the supported scalar field]. In addition, we derive a remarkably compact analytical formula for the discrete resonance spectrum $$ {\left\{\eta \left(Q/M, M\mu; n\right)\right\}}_{n=0}^{n=\infty } $$

η

Q
/
M

Mμ
n

n
=
0

n
=
∞

of the non-trivial coupling parameter which characterizes the bound-state charged-black-hole-thin-massive-scalar-shell cloudy configurations of the composed Einstein-Maxwell-scalar field theory.
Application of a Neural Network to Store and Compute the Optical Properties of Non-Spherical Particles
Authors: Yu Jinhe , Bi Lei , Han Wei , Zhang Xiaoye 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRadiative transfer simulations and remote sensing studies fundamentally require accurate and efficient computation of the optical properties of non-spherical particles. This paper proposes a deep learning (DL) scheme in conjunction with an optical property database to achieve this goal. Deep neural network (DNN) architectures were obtained from a dataset of the optical properties of super-spheroids with extensive shape parameters, size parameters, and refractive indices. The dataset was computed through the invariant imbedding T-matrix method. Four separate DNN architectures were created to compute the extinction efficiency factor, single-scattering albedo, asymmetry factor, and phase matrix. The criterion for designing these neural networks was the achievement of the highest prediction accuracy with minimal DNN parameters. The numerical results demonstrate that the determination coefficients are greater than 0.999 between the prediction values from the neural networks and the truth values from the database, which indicates that the DNN can reproduce the optical properties in the dataset with high accuracy. In addition, the DNN model can robustly predict the optical properties of particles with high accuracy for shape parameters or refractive indices that are unavailable in the database. Importantly, the ratio of the database size (∼127 GB) to that of the DNN parameters (∼20 MB) is approximately 6810, implying that the DNN model can be treated as a highly compressed database that can be used as an alternative to the original database for real-time computing of the optical properties of non-spherical particles in radiative transfer and atmospheric models.
Assessing the Health Outcomes of the Food Access Pilot Project: An Evaluation of a Medically Supportive Food Support Program for People Living with HIV in Rural California Counties
Authors: Yu Linda , Madura Amee , Gil Claudia , Hepfer Paul , Palar Kartika 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFood insecurity disproportionately affects rural communities and people living with HIV (PLHIV). The Food Access Pilot Project (FAPP) was a California state-funded program that provided home-delivered, medically supportive meals via online meal vendors to food-insecure PLHIV in three rural counties. We performed longitudinal, retrospective analyses of FAPP participant data (n = 158; 504 and 460 person-time observations for viral load and CD4 count, respectively) over 36 months from a Ryan White client management database. Pre-post analyses demonstrated increased prevalence of food security and CD4 ≥ 500 between baseline and 12 months. Population-averaged trends using generalized estimating equations adjusted for participant demographics demonstrated increased odds of viral suppression and CD4 ≥ 500, and increased CD4 count (cells/mm3) for every six months of program enrollment. Home-delivered, medically supportive meals may improve food security status, HIV viral suppression, and immune health for low-income PLHIV in rural settings.
Cardiorespiratory fitness does not offset the increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attributed to smoking: a cohort study
Authors: Kunutsor Setor K. , Jae Sae Young , Mäkikallio Timo H. , Laukkanen Jari A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThough evidence suggests that higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels can offset the adverse effects of other risk factors, it is unknown if CRF offsets the increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to smoking. We aimed to evaluate the combined effects of smoking status and CRF on incident COPD risk using a prospective cohort of 2295 middle-aged and older Finnish men. Peak oxygen uptake, assessed with a respiratory gas exchange analyzer, was used as a measure of CRF. Smoking status was self-reported. CRF was categorised as low and high based on median cutoffs, whereas smoking status was classified into smokers and non-smokers. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios with confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. During 26 years median follow-up, 119 COPD cases were recorded. Smoking increased COPD risk 10.59 (95% CI 6.64–16.88), and high CRF levels decreased COPD risk 0.43 (95% CI 0.25–0.73). Compared with non-smoker-low CRF, smoker-low CRF was associated with an increased COPD risk in multivariable analysis 9.79 (95% CI 5.61–17.08), with attenuated but persisting evidence of an association for smoker-high CRF and COPD risk 6.10 (95% CI 3.22–11.57). An additive interaction was found between smoking status and CRF (RERI = 6.99). Except for CRF and COPD risk, all associations persisted on accounting for mortality as a competing risk event. Despite a wealth of evidence on the ability of high CRF to offset the adverse effects of other risk factors, it appears high CRF levels have only modest attenuating effects on the very strong association between smoking and COPD risk.
Genetic diversity in a historic lime tree allée of Széchenyi Castle in Nagycenk, Hungary
Authors: Tóth Endre Gy. , Szilágyi Kinga , Patyi András , György Zsuzsanna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTrees are key components of historic gardens and are valuable sources of genetic diversity that need preservation to enrich native populations’ genetic basis in order to enhance long-term viability, and facilitate the species’ adaptation to changing climatic and environmental conditions. The primary objective of our study was to assess the genetic diversity, structure and relationships of theTilia cordataMill. allée at Széchenyi Castle in Nagycenk (UNESCO heritage site), Hungary, to infer the late-Baroque garden’s rich genetic heritage and conservation importance. The small leaved lime individuals at Nagycenk, with an age of 200 years, maintained high genetic diversity with non-significant inbreeding and high allelic richness and number of private alleles. Genetic diversity was similar to Central European natural populations and slightly higher compared to other plant collections, e.g. Eszterházy Castle garden at Fertőd. The surveyed trees exhibited two age groups unrelated with shallow genetic differentiation indicating the potential seed source origin from the local geographic area. Bayesian clustering of individuals showed significant differences from the individuals growing at Fertőd-Esterházy gardens (approx. in a 15 km distance) and otherT. cordatacultivars. We concluded that theT. cordatacollection of Nagycenk is a unique genetic heritage of the former natural vegetation due to its genetic variability and divergence, which would be a valuable source of future breeding programs and conservation.
LncRNA HCP5 Participates in the Tregs Functions in Allergic Rhinitis and Drives Airway Mucosal Inflammatory Response in the Nasal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Yang Chen , Shangguan Chengfang , Cai Changing , Xu Jing , Qian Xiaohua 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic disease characterized as (immunoglobulin, IgE)-mediated type I hypersensitivity disorder. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in AR. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of how Tregs are regulated by long noncoding RNA HCP5 and the regulatory role of HCP5 in IL-13-induced inflammatory response in nasal epithelial cells (NECs) from AR patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and NECs were obtained from collected blood samples and nasal epithelial tissues. CD4+ T cells and Tregs were purified using certain cell isolation kits from PBMCs and Tregs were also differentiated from CD4+ T cells using recombinant human IL-2 and TGF-β. The expression levels of HCP5, miR-16, ATXN2L, GM-CSF, eotaxin, and MUC5AC were detected by real-time PCR and western blot. The concentrations of inflammatory cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The interaction among HCP5, miR-16, and ATXN2L were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. lncRNA HCP5 expression dramatically downregulated in PBMCs, CD4+ T cells, Tregs, and nasal tissues of AR patients, as well as in IL-13-treated NECs. HCP5 promoted Tregs differentiation and proliferation via targeting miR-16/ATXN2L axis. Additionally, HCP5 inhibited IL-13-induced GM-CSF, eotaxin, and MUC5AC production in NECs. HCP5 sponged miR-16 and negatively regulated its expression, and miR-16 targeted ATXN2L and inhibition of miR-16 suppressed IL-13-induced GM-CSF, eotaxin, and MUC5AC expression. HCP5/miR-16/ATXN2L axis mediated Tregs proliferation and functions in AR. Besides, the regulation of IL-13-induced dysfunction of NECs by lncRNA HCP5 depended on miR-16/ATXN2L in the inflammatory response of AR.
Silicon Thermal Flow-Sensor Semi-ideal Model
Authors: Hammerschmidt U. , Sosna C. , Benkert A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA so-called semi-ideal model has been derived for a pulse-operated MEMS thermal flow sensor by reciprocal numerical mapping of the ideal model of an instantaneous line heat source to the experimental data of the sensor. The novel model not only applies as a precise potential working equation for the sensor but also provides insight into the complete thermal signal transmission chain from the heater to the thermometers of the sensor. It gives answers to prominent peculiarities of the actual heat path of the sensor, prepares ways to improve its design, and offers guidance for a better control of the measuring process. The semi-ideal model was derived in order to replace the so far utilized empirical relations that require multiple calibration measurements. It was found out that the transient temperature profile of the sensor in response to an electrical pulse to the heater is substantially shaped by series thermal conduction of heat. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the impact of the thermal mass of a (practical) line heat source on its transient temperature and released enthalpy can be modeled by considering a virtual cylinder surrounding the source. The same analytical technique also applies for (practical) temperature stations. The findings of the study primarily concern the MEMS sensor. Nevertheless, the presented simple method of numerical mapping can be an effective analytical tool for mathematical modeling by means of numerical data analysis and function evaluation. The concept of a virtual cylinder can help in modeling the dynamics of practical pulsed heating.
On reliability of reinforcement learning based production scheduling systems: a comparative survey
Authors: Waubert de Puiseau Constantin , Meyes Richard , Meisen Tobias 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe deep reinforcement learning (DRL) community has published remarkable results on complex strategic planning problems, most famously in virtual scenarios for board and video games. However, the application to real-world scenarios such as production scheduling (PS) problems remains a challenge for current research. This is because real-world application fields typically show specific requirement profiles that are often not considered by state-of-the-art DRL research. This survey addresses questions raised in the domain of industrial engineering regarding the reliability of production schedules obtained through DRL-based scheduling approaches. We review definitions and evaluation measures of reliability both, in the classical numerical optimization domain with focus on PS problems and more broadly in the DRL domain. Furthermore, we define common ground and terminology and present a collection of quantifiable reliability definitions for use in this interdisciplinary domain. Concludingly, we identify promising directions of current DRL research as a basis for tackling different aspects of reliability in PS applications in the future.