bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Pediatric Health Care Providers to Promote Active Play in Nature for Children
Authors: Tandon Pooja S. , Hafferty Kiana , Kroshus Emily , Angulo Antionette , Burton Monique , Peyton Michael , Senturia Kirsten 
Published: August 2022

Aim: Time outdoors and contact with nature are positively associated with a broad range of children’s health outcomes. Pediatricians are uniquely positioned to promote active play in nature (APN) but may face challenges to do so during well child visits. The objective of this study was to understand barriers to children’s APN, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how health care providers could promote APN. Methods: Focus groups were conducted with 14 pediatric providers and interviews with 14 parents (7 in English, 7 in Spanish) of children ages 3 to 10 on public insurance. Dedoose was used for coding and content analysis. We contextualized this work within the WHO’s Commission on Social Determinants of Health conceptual framework. Results: Parents mentioned a range of material circumstances (time, finances, family circumstances, access to safe outdoor play spaces and age-appropriate activities) and behavioral/psychosocial factors (previous experiences in nature, safety, and weather concerns), many of which were exacerbated by the pandemic, that serve as barriers to children’s APN. Providers said they were motivated to talk to families about children’s APN but mentioned barriers to this conversation such as time, other pressing priorities for the visit, and lack of resources to give families. Conclusions: Many pre-pandemic barriers to APN were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Well-child visits may be an effective setting to discuss the benefits of APN during and beyond the pandemic, and there is a need for contextually appropriate resources for pediatric providers and families.
Service Workers’ Experience and Perceptions of Workplace Protective Measures During the Onset of COVID-19
Authors: Rosemberg Marie-Anne S. , Adams Mackenzie , Polick Carri , Ratliff Hannah , Li Wei V. , Jun Jin 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: The Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents a unique burden specifically for workers in service industries. However, limited research on service worker’s experience during the onset of COVID-19 exists. We aimed to describe the experiences and concerns of service industry workers during the pandemic’s onset. Methods: This is a mixed-method study. Participants were recruited through social media and completed either a survey or a phone interview during May and June 2020. The survey and transcribed interview data were analyzed using the SPSS software and content analysis, respectively. Results: Twenty-seven individuals completed audio-recorded phone interviews and 28 completed the survey. Participants were mostly women between 19 and 65 years old. Participants worked in food retail ( n = 23), restaurant ( n = 25), and hospitality ( n = 7) industries. There was discordance in perceived threat level of COVID-19. Most participants reported that their workplace complied with their state’s mandates for protection measures, while others reported lacking basic supplies such as soap, hand sanitizer, and masks. Job insecurity, change of job tasks, and work hours were the most common ways that COVID-19 affected the workers. Worker’s assertiveness to self-protect while at work was influenced by their perceived severity of the pandemic. Conclusion/Application to Practice: This study highlights the vulnerability of service workers relating to job security and job tasks during the pandemic. Organizational processes are needed to promote safe work environments and facilitate access to resources for these workers. In addition, occupational health practitioners need to be aware of and address the emerging health risks and worker needs.
SESN2 prevents the slow-to-fast myofiber shift in denervated atrophy via AMPK/PGC-1α pathway
Authors: Yang Xiaofan , Xue Pingping , Liu Zhenyu , Li Wenqing , Li Chuyan , Chen Zhenbing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Sestrin2 (SESN2), a stress-inducible protein, has been reported to protect against denervated muscle atrophy through unfolded protein response and mitophagy, while its role in myofiber type transition remains unknown.

Methods
A mouse sciatic nerve transection model was created to evaluate denervated muscle atrophy. Myofiber type transition was confirmed by western blot, fluorescence staining, ATP quantification, and metabolic enzyme activity analysis. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) was adopted to achieve SESN2 knockdown and overexpression in gastrocnemius. AMPK/PGC-1α signal was detected by western blot and activated with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR). C2C12 myotubes with rotenone treatment were adopted for in vitro experiments.

Results
SESN2 was found to be upregulated in denervated skeletal muscles and rotenone-treated C2C12 cells. Knockdown of SESN2 aggravated muscle atrophy and accelerated myofiber type transition from slow-twitch to fast-twitch. Moreover, AMPK/PGC-1α signaling was proven to be activated by SESN2 after denervation, which further induced the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor HIF2α. Exogenous activation of AMPK/PGC-1α signaling could counteract the addition of slow-to-fast myofiber shift caused by SESN2 knockdown and lead to the retainment of muscle mass after denervation.

Conclusion
Collectively, the present study indicates that SESN2 prevents myofiber type transition from slow-twitch to fast-twitch and preserves muscle mass in denervated atrophy via AMPK/PGC-1α signaling. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of muscle atrophy and provide novel insights into the role of SESN2 in myofiber type transition.
Shrimp genome sequence contains independent clusters of ancient and current Endogenous Viral Elements (EVE) of the parvovirus IHHNV
Authors: Taengchaiyaphum Suparat , Wongkhaluang Prapatsorn , Sittikankaew Kanchana , Karoonuthaisiri Nitsara , Flegel Timothy W. , Sritunyalucksana Kallaya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Shrimp have the ability to accommodate viruses in long term, persistent infections without signs of disease. Endogenous viral elements (EVE) play a role in this process probably via production of negative-sense Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA)-like fragments. These bind with Piwi proteins to dampen viral replication via the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. We searched a genome sequence (GenBank record JABERT000000000) of the giant tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon for the presence of EVE related to a shrimp parvovirus originally named infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV).

Results
The shrimp genome sequence contained three piRNA-like gene clusters containing scrambled IHHNV EVE. Two clusters were located distant from one another in pseudochromosome 35 (PC35). Both PC35 clusters contained multiple sequences with high homology (99%) to GenBank records DQ228358 and EU675312 that were both called “non-infectious IHHNV Type A” (IHHNV-A) when originally discovered. However, our results and those from a recent Australian P. monodon genome assembly indicate that the relevant GenBank records for IHHNV-A are sequence-assembly artifacts derived from scrambled and fragmental IHHNV-EVE. Although the EVE in the two PC35 clusters showed high homology only to IHHNV-A, the clusters were separate and distinct with respect to the arrangement (i.e., order and reading direction) and proportional content of the IHHNV-A GenBank records. We conjecture that these 2 clusters may constitute independent allele-like clusters on a pair of homologous chromosomes. The third EVE cluster was found in pseudochromosome 7 (PC7). It contained EVE with high homology (99%) only to GenBank record AF218266 with the potential to protect shrimp against current types of infectious IHHNV. One disadvantage was that some EVE in PC7 can give false positive PCR test results for infectious IHHNV.

Conclusions
Our results suggested the possibility of viral-type specificity in EVE clusters. Specificity is important because whole EVE clusters for one viral type would be transmitted to offspring as collective hereditary units. This would be advantageous if one or more of the EVE within the cluster were protective against the disease caused by the cognate virus. It would also facilitate gene editing for removal of non-protective EVE clusters or for transfer of protective EVE clusters to genetically improve existing shrimp breeding stocks that might lack them.
Comparative analysis of the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of Saposhnikovia divaricata revealed the possible transfer of plastome repeat regions into the mitogenome
Authors: Ni Yang , Li Jingling , Chen Haimei , Yue Jingwen , Chen Pinghua , Liu Chang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. is a perennial herb whose dried roots are commonly used as a source of traditional medicines. To elucidate the organelle-genome-based phylogeny of Saposhnikovia species and the transfer of DNA between organelle genomes, we sequenced and characterised the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of S. divaricata.

Results
The mitogenome of S. divaricata is a circular molecule of 293,897 bp. The nucleotide composition of the mitogenome is as follows: A, 27.73%; T, 27.03%; C, 22.39%; and G, 22.85. The entire gene content is 45.24%. A total of 31 protein-coding genes, 20 tRNAs and 4 rRNAs, including one pseudogene (rpl16), were annotated in the mitogenome. Phylogenetic analysis of the organelle genomes from S. divaricata and 10 related species produced congruent phylogenetic trees. Selection pressure analysis revealed that most of the mitochondrial genes of related species are highly conserved. Moreover, 2 and 46 RNA-editing sites were found in the chloroplast genome (cpgenome) and mitogenome protein-coding regions, respectively. Finally, a comparison of the cpgenome and the mitogenome assembled from the same dataset revealed 10 mitochondrial DNA fragments with sequences similar to those in the repeat regions of the cpgenome, suggesting that the repeat regions might be transferred into the mitogenome.

Conclusions
In this study, we assembled and annotated the mitogenome of S. divaricata. This study provides valuable information on the taxonomic classification and molecular evolution of members of the family Apiaceae.
Spatiotemporal evolution of pyroptosis and canonical inflammasome pathway in hSOD1G93A ALS mouse model
Authors: Zhang Haoyun , Li Hao , Huang Bingkun , Wang Shaoye , Gao Ying , Meng Fandi , Chen Yanchun , Zhou Fenghua , Guan Yingjun , Wang Xin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Evidences indicate that inflammasome compounds participate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal progressive motoneuron degenerative disease. Researchers have observed the expressions of nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) related inflammasome components in specific regions of the central nervous system in different ALS models, but the cellular spatiotemporal evolution of this canonical inflammasome pathway and pyroptosis during ALS progression are unclear.

Methods
The spinal cords of hSOD1G93A mice (ALS mice) and age-matched littermates (CON mice) were dissected at pre-symptomatic stage (60 d), early- symptomatic stage (95 d), symptomatic stage (108 d) and late-symptomatic stage (122 d) of the disease. By using Nissl staining, double immunofluorescence labelling, qRT-PCR or western blot, we detected morphology change and the expression, cellular location of GSDMD, NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β in the ventral horn of lumbar spinal cords over the course of disease.

Results
Neural morphology changes and GSDMD+/NeuN+ double positive cells were observed in ventral horn from ALS mice even at 60 d of age, even though there were no changes of GSDMD mRNA and protein expressions at this stage compared with CON mice. With disease progression, compared with age-matched CON mice, increased expressions of GSDMD, NLRP3, activated caspase-1 and IL-1β were detected. Double immunofluorescence labeling revealed that NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β positive signals mainly localized in ventral horn neurons at pre- and early-symptomatic stages. From symptomatic stage to late-symptomatic stage, robust positive signals were co-expressed in reactive astrocytes and microglia.

Conclusions
Early activation of the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome induced pyroptosis in ventral horn neurons, which may participate in motor neuron degeneration and initiate neuroinflammatory processes during ALS progression.
The reliability, functional quality, understandability, and actionability of fall prevention content in YouTube: an observational study
Authors: Yang Xinyi , Xue Xiaoqiang , Shi Ziqiu , Nan Sha , Lian Chengying , Ji Zhigang , Xie Yi , Liu Xiaoxuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Falls are common but dangerous in the elderly. More and more seniors are searching for healthcare information online. YouTube has become the world’s most popular video streaming platform. Albeit thousands of fall prevention videos are available on YouTube, their reliability, functional quality, understandability, and actionability have not been verified.

Methods
The top 300 watched videos on YouTube related to fall prevention were retrieved. After exclusion, all qualified sample videos were evaluated by three validated assessment instruments (the PEMAT scale, the HONCode scale, and the DISCERN instrument) regarding their reliability, functional quality, understandability, and actionability. Each video’s length, number of views/likes/comments, forms of expression, and the uploader’s profile were collected as well. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was performed for further analysis from the perspective of expression forms and uploaders’ identities.

Results
One hundred thirty-seven videos (45.67%) were qualified as sample videos, and individuals/organizations with medical backgrounds posted 54.01% of them. Most of the excluded videos (n = 163) were irrelevant (n = 91, 55.83%), and commercial (n = 52, 31.90%). The median video length for sample videos was 470 seconds. The DISCERN instrument indicated that 115 videos (83.94%) were of moderate to high overall quality. Medical practitioners and organizations gained the highest scores in functional quality and reliability (P < 0.05), while they also tended to use technical terms more often (mean = 3.15). The HONCode scale suggested a lack of traceability was common. The most popular and actionable form of expression was workout (n = 58, median score = 86.90, P < 0.05), while monolog and keynote presentations scored the highest in understandability (no significant difference between them). The PEMAT scale suggested videos uploaded by medical teams were the easiest to be understood (P = 0.011 and P < 0.001, respectively), whereas they were less actionable than those made by fitness trainers (P = 0.039 and P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions
Cooperation between the medical team and fitness trainers is expected for better health promotion. Plain language is advised, and sources should be provided. As for expression form, monolog or keynote presentations, plus workout clips, might be the most effective.
Promoting independence in Lewy body dementia through exercise: the PRIDE study
Authors: Inskip Michael J. , Mavros Yorgi , Sachdev Perminder S. , Hausdorff Jeffrey M. , Hillel Inbar , Singh Maria A. Fiatarone 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Lewy body dementia (LBD) is an aggressive type of dementia of rapid, fluctuating disease trajectory, higher incidence of adverse events, and poorer functional independence than observed in Alzheimer’s disease dementia. Non-pharmacological treatments such as progressive, high-intensity exercise are effective in other neurological cohorts but have been scarcely evaluated in LBD.

Methods
The Promoting Independence in Lewy Body Dementia through Exercise (PRIDE) trial was a non-randomised, non-blinded, crossover pilot trial involving older adults with LBD consisting of a baseline assessment, an 8-week wait-list, and an 8-week exercise intervention. The aims of this study were to evaluate the determinants of the primary outcome functional independence, as measured by the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, and the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an exercise intervention on this outcome. Additionally, important clinical characteristics were evaluated to explore associations and treatment targets. The exercise intervention was supervised, clinic-based, high-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT), challenging balance, and functional exercises, 3 days/week.

Results
Nine participants completed the baseline cross-sectional study, of which five had a diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD), and four dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). Six completed the exercise intervention (three PDD, three DLB). The cohort was diverse, ranging from mild to severe dementia and living in various residential settings. Greater functional independence at baseline was significantly associated with better physical function, balance, cognition, quality of life, muscle mass ratio, walking endurance, faster walking speed and cadence, and lower dementia severity (p < 0.05). Participants declined by clinically meaningful amounts in functional independence, cognition, physical function, muscle mass, and weight over the wait-list period (p < 0.05). Following exercise, participants improved by clinically meaningful amounts in functional independence, cognition, physical function, and strength (p < 0.05). Progressive, high intensity exercise was well-tolerated (> 80% adherence), and only one minor exercise-related adverse event occurred.

Conclusions
PRIDE is the first exercise trial conducted specifically within individuals diagnosed with LBD, and provides important insight for the design of larger, randomized trials for further evaluation of progressive, high-intensity exercise as a valuable treatment in LBD.

Trial registration
The PRIDE trial protocol has previously been prospectively registered (08/04/2016, ANZCTR: ACTRN12616000466448).
Pyogenic liver abscess-caused Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary hospital in China in 2017: implication of hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant strains
Authors: Chen Hongchao , Fang Lanfang , Chen Wenjie , Yang Qing , Li Dan , Hu Dakang , Zhang Jin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the epidemiology of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) inducing pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) in east China and the role of hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (Hv-CRKP).

Methods
Forty-three K. pneumoniae strains were collected from 43 patients with PLA at Hangzhou, China in 2017. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests, string test, multilocus sequence typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, mobile genetic elements typing, regular PCR and sequencing, and Galleria mellonella (G. mellonella) lethality test were used to elucidate the epidemiology. Clinical data were collected.

Results
K. pneumoniae strains with serotypes K1 and K2 accounted for 69.8%, which shared 46.5% and 23.3% respectively. K. pneumoniae strains with clonal group 23 were predominant with a rate of 34.9%. Such antimicrobials showed susceptible rates over 80.0%: cefuroxime, cefotaxime, gentamycin, ticarcillin/clavulanate, ceftazidime, cefoperazone/tazobactam, cefepime, aztreonam, imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, doxycycline, minocycline, tigecycline, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. PFGE dendrogram showed 29 clusters for the 43 K. pneumoniae strains. Three Hv-CRKP strains were confirmed by G. mellonella lethality test, showing a constituent ratio of 7.0% (3/43). Totally three deaths were found, presenting a rate of 7.0% (3/43). The three died patients were all infected with Hv-CRKP.

Conclusions
K1 and K2 are the leading serotypes of K. pneumoniae causing PLA, which show highly divergent genetic backgrounds. Aminoglycosides, Generation 2nd to 4th cephalosporins, β-lactamase/β-lactamase inhibitors, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones are empirical choices. Hv-CRKP may confer an urgent challenge in the future.
Women’s holistic self-care behaviors during pregnancy and associations with psychological well-being: implications for maternal care facilities
Authors: Nguyen Lam Duc , Nguyen Long Hoang , Ninh Ly Thi , Nguyen Ha Thu Thi , Nguyen Anh Duy , Vu Linh Gia , Nguyen Hao Si Anh , Nguyen Son Hoang , Doan Linh Phuong , Vu Thuc Minh Thi , Tran Bach Xuan , Latkin Carl A. , Ho Cyrus S. H. , Ho Roger C. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Self-care behaviors during pregnancy significantly impacts mother and children's health. This study aimed to explore the self-care behaviors and the associations of these behaviors with the psychological well-being of women during pregnancy, as well as the mediating effects of different social support with these associations.

Methods
A cross-sectional data of 562 pregnant women at Hanoi Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital and Ca Mau Obstetrics & Pediatrics in Vietnam were analyzed. Questions about self-care behaviors, pregnancy characteristics, social support, and psychological well-being were asked. Multivariate regression models were performed. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to test the mediating effects of different social support with the association between self-care behaviors and psychological well-being.

Findings
Only 13% of pregnant women often or always did physical exercise at least three times a week, and 40% consumed enough fiber and five servings of vegetables a day. Only 78.7% always avoided alcohol drinking, and 53.9% of pregnant women avoided being exposed to second-hand smoking and 71,7% avoided using traditional medicine without physicians’ prescriptions. Around 66% of pregnant women always or often had prenatal care checkups as scheduled. Information sources, social support and childbirth expectation were major drivers for self-care practices. SEM model showed that social support mediated the relationship between maternal health behaviors and mental well-being.

Conclusion
This study highlighted the remarkable gaps in self-care practices among our pregnant women, which were significantly associated with their mental well-being. Social support-oriented consultancy and interventions should be warranted for improving behaviors and the mental well-being of pregnant women in Vietnam.