bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substituting the Conventional Facebow With an Extraoral Scan Body System for Transferring the Maxillary Cast Into the Virtual Articulator: Manufacturing Procedures and Digital Clinical Protocol
Authors: Revilla‐León Marta , Zeitler Jonathan M. , Kois John C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTClinical ConsiderationsConventional facebow records are used to transfer the maxillary cast into the analog articulator. Different reference planes have been described, including the true horizontal or gravity reference plane. A conventional facebow (Kois Dentofacial Analyzer; Panadent) allows the recording of the gravity plane for transferring the maxillary cast into the analog semi‐adjustable articulator. Clinical procedures should also allow the maxillary scan transfer into the virtual articulator by using the true horizontal reference plane.ObjectiveThe present manuscript describes the step‐by‐step protocol to record the gravity plane and to transfer the maxillary scan into the virtual articulator by using an extraoral scan body system.ConclusionsThe extroral scan body device enables the substitution of the conventional facebow procedure. Additionally, this extraoral scan body is fabricated by using additive manufacturing technologies and eases the complete digital workflow for transferring the maxillary scan into the virtual articulator.
The Influence of Surface Treatment on the Color of Enamel and Dentin: An In Vitro Study Using Machine Learning‐Based Analysis
Authors: Wang Zhen‐Yu , Hu Fei‐Yu , Wu Chao‐Qiang , Liu Fei , Chen Du , Shen Jun‐Fei , Shen Jie‐Fei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate how surface treatment affects the color of enamel and dentin, and to evaluate whether the color differences are acceptable.Materials and MethodsFreshly extracted premolars were prepared using diamond burs (blue, red, and yellow tapes). Tooth surfaces were divided into control and acid‐etched areas and treated with phosphoric acid (5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 s). Adhesives were applied and light‐cured. Hyperspectral images were captured to analyze reflectance spectra, calculating L, a, b, and ΔE2000 values under the D65 illuminant. Enamel and dentin slices underwent atomic force microscopy for surface roughness. A random forest model was trained to assess the effects of multiple factors on color differences. Statistical analyses included one‐way ANOVA, Tukey tests, and independent‐sample t‐test.ResultsExtended acid‐etching times notably increased ΔE2000 values for enamel, surpassing acceptable thresholds in all groups except for the 5‐s acid‐etching followed by adhesive application. Dentin ΔE2000 remained stable regardless of surface treatment. Machine learning highlighted the influence of acid etching and surface roughness on enamel. Bur tape color had minimal impact.ConclusionsThe effects of acid etching on the color vary between enamel and dentin. Greater attention should be focused on enamel surface. Acid‐etching time should be appropriately reduced.Clinical SignificanceComprehending the varying impacts of surface treatment on the color of enamel and dentin could contribute to achieving superior esthetic outcomes.
Enhanced Tolerability and Improved Outcomes in Acne Management: A Real‐World Study of Dermocosmetic Adjunctive Therapy
Authors: Suh Dong Hye , Kim Tae‐Eun , Lee Sang Jun , Jeong Su Jin , Baek Eunsun , Shin Min Kyung 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundTopical retinoids, while renowned for their efficacy in treating acne vulgaris, are often hampered by inter‐individual variability in tolerability. This challenge, primarily driven by side effects like erythema, scaling, and dryness, significantly impacts patient adherence and, ultimately, treatment outcomes.AimsThis prospective, multi‐center, observational study investigated the novel role of a specific dermocosmetic regimen as adjunctive therapy, focusing on its ability to mitigate retinoid‐induced side effects and enhance the overall tolerability of acne treatment regimens in a Korean population.Patients and MethodsWe enrolled 304 patients receiving conventional acne therapies and integrated a standardized dermocosmetic regimen (foaming facial wash and moisturizer) for 12 weeks. Our primary endpoint assessed changes in skin sensitivity scores in both retinoid and non‐retinoid users. We incorporated a patient‐reported outcome measure evaluating acne's impact on quality of life across different facial areas as a secondary endpoint.ResultsOur results revealed a significant improvement in skin sensitivity across both patient groups, effectively mitigating the anticipated heightened sensitivity in retinoid users. This finding suggests that dermocosmetics may hold the key to unlocking consistent, age‐independent tolerance to retinoid therapy. Furthermore, we observed a compelling correlation between improvements in cheek acne and enhanced quality of life, highlighting the profound psychological impact of this specific facial area.ConclusionsThis study pioneers a new understanding of holistic acne management, emphasizing the synergistic potential of dermocosmetics in enhancing treatment adherence, improving long‐term outcomes, and ultimately transforming patients' lives.
Genomics‐Driven Monitoring of Fraxinus latifolia (Oregon Ash) to Inform Conservation and EAB‐Resistance Breeding
Authors: Melton Anthony E. , Faske Trevor M. , Sniezko Richard A. , Thibault Tim , Williams Wyatt , Parchman Thomas , Hamilton Jill A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the evolutionary processes underlying range‐wide genomic variation is critical to designing effective conservation and restoration strategies. Evaluating the influence of connectivity, demographic change and environmental adaptation for threatened species can be invaluable to proactive conservation of evolutionary potential. In this study, we assessed genomic variation across the range of Fraxinus latifolia, a foundational riparian tree native to western North America recently exposed to the invasive emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis; EAB). Over 1000 individuals from 61 populations were sequenced using reduced representation (ddRAD‐seq) across the species' range. Strong population structure was evident along a latitudinal gradient, with population connectivity largely maintained along central valley river systems, and a centre of genetic diversity coinciding with major river systems central to the species' range. Despite evidence of connectivity, estimates of nucleotide diversity and effective population size were low across all populations, suggesting the patchy distribution of F. latifolia populations may impact its long‐term evolutionary potential. Range‐wide estimates of genomic offset, which indicate genomic change required to adjust to future climate projections, were greatest in the eastern and lowest in the southern portions of the species' range, suggesting the regional distribution of genomic variation may impact evolutionary potential longer‐term. To preserve evolutionary capacity across populations needed for the development of breeding and restoration programmes, prioritising conservation of range‐wide genomic diversity will provide a foundation for long‐term species management.
Fear, survival and war on paths to nationhood in Scandinavia, 1809–1914
Authors: Ottosen Morten Nordhagen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article discusses how notions of fear, survival and war influenced nationalism in Scandinavia in the 19th century. It argues that fear of annihilation and concerns about security led to an obsession with size and capability among several leading politicians and national ideologues, making them embrace unification nationalism as a means of national security and survival. Thus, in offering empirical support for Eric Hobsbawm's theory of a threshold principle nations in the 19th century, the article also lends support to John Hutchinson's emphasis on the significance of warfare in nation‐formation. The present article shows that 19th‐century nationalism in Scandinavia in the nineteenth century had a less benign side than traditional studies suggest, as the quest for security and survival in an anarchic and dangerous world meant that war was reckoned with or even thought of as necessary. Consequently, influential contemporaries advocated other kinds of state‐formation than the current Scandinavian nation‐states, deeming unification as the best way to offer security. Yet, notions of fear, survival and war did not only apply to unification nationalism as the case of Norwegian secession nationalism shows. This suggests that, generally, 19th‐century nationalism in Scandinavia is compatible with the realist school of international relations.
Changes in the Pannexin Channel in Ileum Myenteric Plexus and Intestinal Motility Following Ischemia and Reperfusion
Authors: Pereira Thaira Thalita Alves , Mendes Cristina Eusébio , Souza Roberta Figueiroa , Caetano Marcos Antônio Ferreira , Magalhães Henrique Inhauser Riceti , de Paulo Caroline Bures , Watanabe Ii Sei , Castelucci Patricia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIntestinal ischemia affects the functioning of the Enteric Nervous System (ENS). Pannexin‐1 channel participates in cell communication and extracellular signaling. Probenecid (PB) is a pannexin‐1 channel inhibitor, which can be a potential treatment for intestinal ischemia.AimStudy the effects of ileal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) and PB treatment on myenteric neurons and in rats.MethodsMale Wistar rats were used for I/R induction, the ileal vessels were occluded for 45 min and reperfusion was performed after this time. The Sham groups underwent all surgical procedures without obstruction of the ileal vessels. Animals were euthanized 24 h or 14d post‐I/R. The PB group received an injection of PB post‐I/R. Ileal segments were collected for immunofluorescence analyses to identify neurons calretinin immunoreactive (−ir) and pannexin‐1‐ir. Neuronal density (cells/field), area (μm2), intestinal motility, and ultrastructural analyses were performed.Key ResultsThe pannexin‐1 channel was double‐labeled with calretinin‐ir neurons. Neuronal density reduced by 21% reduction in calretinin‐ir neurons in the I/R 24 h group and recovered 26% in the PB 24 h group. In the 14d group, there was a 23% reduction in calretinin‐ir neurons in the I/R 14d group and a recovery of 26% in the PB 14d group. The analysis of the contraction after electrical simulation was lower in the I/R 14 d group and recovered in the PB 14d.Conclusions and InferencesIntestinal I/R affects myenteric neurons and causes morphological and functional changes. PB was able to attenuate the effects of I/R and could constitute a therapeutic tool for intestinal I/R.
Zoledronic Acid Regulates Osteoclasts via miR‐483‐5p in the BRONJ
Authors: Guo Zhiyong , Yang Jiajin , Li Chunjie , Tang Xiufa , Liu Jiyuan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesBisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a severe complication of bisphosphonate therapy, with unclear mechanisms. This study investigates the regulatory impact of zoledronic acid (ZOL) on osteoclasts and microRNA (miRNA) expression.Materials and MethodsRaw264.7 cells and bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMMs) were used to assess ZOL's effects on proliferation and apoptosis. miRNA array analysis was performed during osteoclastogenesis with ZOL treatment. The role of miR‐483‐5p was examined using miR‐mimics and miR‐inhibitors. A rat BRONJ model was established for in vivo validation.ResultsA concentration of 2 μM ZOL, which did not affect cell proliferation or apoptosis, was used in subsequent experiments. ZOL altered the expression of 64 miRNAs (39 upregulated, 25 downregulated). miR‐483‐5p mimics alleviated ZOL‐induced inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, actin ring formation, bone resorption, and differentiation marker expression, whereas inhibitors enhanced these effects. In vivo, Ago‐miR‐483‐5p promoted wound healing in the BRONJ model, while Antago‐miR‐483‐5p impaired it.ConclusionsZOL modulates osteoclast function in BRONJ through miR‐483‐5p inhibition. miR‐483‐5p may serve as a novel therapeutic target for BRONJ treatment, providing new insights into managing this complication.
Middle‐Range Theory of Disaster Cognitive Readiness in Nursing Practice Through Theory Derivation and Sentence Synthesis
Authors: Hwang Sinwoo , Baek Seoyoung 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionDisaster nursing is a complex, dynamic, and resource‐limited working environment, like military operations. As the COVID‐19 outbreak has shown, not only hospitals, but all communities need nurses who can systematically respond to disasters. It is important for nurses to possess the necessary readiness to respond to disasters with confidence and autonomy. However, there is a lack of evidence for a theoretical framework for nurses' cognitive readiness for disaster nursing.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to describe the development of a middle‐range theory about nurse's cognitive readiness in disaster response.MethodsFletcher and Wind's model was modified to develop a theoretical framework for disaster cognitive readiness by using theory derivation and sentence synthesis.ResultsIn the developed theory, “Disaster cognitive readiness” refers to the cognitive preparedness of nurses for effectively responding to and managing disaster situations which are in high‐stakes, complex environments, achieved through a combination of education, training, and practice in essential skills such as problem‐solving, communication, resilience, and ethics. The theory for disaster cognitive readiness described the competencies: knowledge, problem‐solving, metacognition, decision‐making, adaptability, risk‐communication, resilience, and ethics. The outcomes of disaster cognitive readiness are personal (job satisfaction, professional growth) and organizational (disaster management, disaster resilience) outcomes.ConclusionThe results of this study are expected to be useful in developing educational and training programs that emphasize the characteristics of disaster nursing competencies and in verifying their effectiveness in enhancing disaster cognitive readiness as well as individual and organizational outcomes.
Ethical Problems and the Role of Expertise in Health Policy: A Case Study of Public Policy Making in Sweden During COVID‐19
Authors: Falkenström Erica , Selberg Rebecca 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlthough the literature widely discusses the role of academics as experts in public policy making, empirical case studies on ethical problems related to the production and implementation of health policy are scarce. During COVID‐19, the Swedish policy document (PD) National Principles for Prioritization in Intensive Care under Extraordinary Conditions was produced in collaboration with 11 academic experts. Based on a case study, this article examines ethical problems related to the production and implementation of this PD by conducting an analysis of key PDs directed at caregivers during this time. Three ethical problems are identified and analyzed, which relate to starting points, the content of the PD, and the implementation. This study provides strong theoretical support for Jonathan Wolff's model of engaged political philosophy, as well as practical support on avoiding undesirable consequences of policy making and preparing academics for expert roles in public policy.Related ArticlesBandelow, Nils C., Lina Y. Iskandar, Sofie Klingner, and Ilana Schröder. 2024. “From Local Networks to National Reform? Programmatic Groups in the Regionalization of German Health Policy.” Politics & Policy 52(6): 1310–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12629.Shen, Yongdong, Meng U. Ieong, and Zihang Zhu. 2022. “The Function of Expert Involvement in China's Local Policy Making.” Politics & Policy 50(1): 59–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12450.Svallfors, Stefan, Erica Falkenström, Corrie Hammar, and Anna T. Höglund. 2022. “Networked Reports: Commissioning and Production of Expert Reports on Swedish Health Care Governance.” Politics & Policy 50(3): 580–97. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12462.
Does Mobile Money Adoption and Credit Access Improve Enterprise Innovation and Performance in Sierra Leone?
Authors: Djossou Gbetoton Nadege , Sandy James Fomba , Novignon Jacob 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study sought to unpack the impact of mobile money adoption and credit constraints on product innovation and performance of Micro, Small, and Medium‐scale Enterprises in Sierra Leone. We used the most recent Sierra Leone Enterprise survey data conducted by the World Bank to monitor enterprises. To achieve the objectives of the study, we used Ordinary Least Squares and nonexperimental techniques (instrumental variable techniques). This allowed us to account for potential endogeneity problems that may bias parameter estimates if not accounted for. Our findings show that mobile money use and credit access significantly enhanced firms' ability to innovate, which then improved their performance. We did not find any statistically significant gender‐related variation in the relationship. Our findings support current policy efforts to revamp financial inclusion in Sierra Leone and highlight the need to tailor services to fully reap the potential gains.
Conceptualising Anti‐Racist Institutionalism
Authors: Eseonu Temidayo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDiscussions on race, institutions and public administration in scholarly literature have largely originated from a US context; this article argues that new institutionalism needs a race lens outside of this context, allowing for analyses of how institutions can be implicated in the (re)production of racial inequalities in countries with racial regimes. This article suggests focusing on the mechanics of racialisation to understand how racial inequalities are (re)produced. This article makes two theoretical propositions: institutions, as sets of narratives, practices and rules, are racialised, and these institutions can be transformed in pursuit of racial equity. Using qualitative data from a case study of a UK local government's employment service, an expanded theoretical strand of new institutionalism is proposed: anti‐racist institutionalism. This research provides illustrative examples of racialised narratives, and colour‐blind practices and rules such as budgets and performance management measures can have racialised outcomes. Further research is required to understand what institutional change is required to transform these racialised institutions in pursuit of racial equity.
AAV-based gene delivery of antimicrobial peptides to combat drug-resistant pathogens
Authors: Baindara Piyush , Roy Dinata , Boosani Chandra S. , Mandal Santi M. , Green Jonathan A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics due to their novelty and multiple mechanisms of action. Because they are peptides, AMPs are amenable to bioengineering and suitable for cloning and expression at large production scales. However, the efficient delivery of AMPs is an unaddressed issue, particularly due to their large size, possible toxicities, and the development of adverse immune responses. Here, we have reviewed the possibilities of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based localized gene delivery of AMPs for the treatment of infectious diseases with a special focus on respiratory infections. By discussing the gene delivery mechanism of AAV and the accompanying technical and therapeutic challenges with AMPs, we describe a foundation that emphasizes the use of viral vector-based gene delivery of AMPs for disease treatment.
Spatiotemporal crash outliers are also noteworthy: evidence from 13 years of pedestrian-vehicle crashes in North Carolina
Authors: Song Li , Lin Yixuan , Xu Guixin , Zhang Xuequan , Liu Wei , Liu Bing , Chen Guojun 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionPrevious research usually focused on high-frequency crash clusters (surrounded by high-frequency crashes), which overlooked outlier locations where high-frequency crashes were surrounded by low-frequency crashes. Neglecting spatiotemporal outliers might overlook critical factors for safety improvements.MethodsUsing pedestrian-vehicle crash data in North Carolina from 2007 to 2019, this study proposes an enhanced spatiotemporal analysis framework (combined with Approximate Nearest Neighbour and the Global Moran I index) to distinguish spatiotemporal crash outliers from aggregated/dispersed patterns. Random parameters ordered logit models with heterogeneity in means are used to model ordered injury severities, identify significant factors and explore in-depth heterogeneity across observations.ResultsLikelihood ratio test results indicate significant instability exists in factors across four spatiotemporal patterns: high-low outlier, low-high outlier, high-high cluster and low-low cluster. Also, spatiotemporal variations and shifts in the proportion of crashes that suffer more severe injuries are founded on the marginal effects of several factors. Specific countermeasures and policy guidance are suggested under different patterns. In high-low outliers, drunk drivers increase the probability of more severe crash outcomes in public vehicular areas from 16.3% to 92.8%. Meanwhile, in low-high outliers, 64.8% of the crashes with speed limits between 45 and 75 mph would result in more severe outcomes. By increasing the mean, older pedestrians, drunk pedestrians and urban areas increase this proportion to 91.6%, 87.2% and 78.2%, respectively.ConclusionThese findings underscore the importance of strengthening alcohol tests and setting safety crossing facilities for older pedestrians in identified high-speed urban areas. All these propose a calling for spatiotemporal outlier investigation in future crash analysis and prevention.
Upgrading your best chances: postdiagnosis smoking cessation boosts life expectancy of patients with cancer – a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Caini Saverio , Gorini Giuseppe , Del Riccio Marco , Saieva Calogero , Carreras Giulia , Bonomo Pierluigi , Salvestrini Viola , Cattaruzza Maria Sofia , Assedi Melania , D'Ecclesiis Oriana , Gaeta Aurora , Albini Adriana , Masala Giovanna , Gandini Sara 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundTobacco use is linked to increased cancer risk, and people who smoke represent a large proportion of newly diagnosed patients with cancer. The fact that smoking cessation at the time of diagnosis can improve the patient’s life expectancy is still not broadly understood. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the survival benefits obtainable by quitting smoking on diagnosis.We included articles found in MEDLINE and EMBASE until 2 January 2024. We conducted a random effects meta-analysis, studying correlates of between-studies heterogeneity and exploring the presence of publication bias.There were 36 eligible studies published in 1980–2023, totalling over 17 000 actively smoking patients with cancer. The most studied cancer sites were the lung (n=17) and head and neck (n=14). The median proportion of patients who quit on diagnosis was 42.5%. Postdiagnosis cessation was associated with longer overall survival (summary HR (sHR) 0.71, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.78), progression-free survival (sHR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.98), disease-free/recurrence-free survival (sHR 0.59, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.81) and improved local/locoregional control (sHR 0.69, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.94). Heterogeneity was generally large; for overall survival, study results were stronger when properly adjusted but did not vary across cancer sites. There was evidence for publication bias, but the results were only marginally altered on imputation of potentially missing studies.Postdiagnosis smoking cessation is effective in improving the chances of survival for patients with cancer. Cessation support programmes should be integrated into the routine management of patients with cancer as they may favourably affect survival.