bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial applications of silver nanoparticles as fluorescent nanoprobes for the spectrofluorimetric determination of ornidazole and miconazole
Authors: Magdy Galal , Aboelkassim Eman , El-Domany Ramadan A. , Belal Fathalla 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA green and simple method was proposed for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) usingPiper cubebaseed extract as a reducing agent for the first time. The prepared Ag-NPs were characterized using different spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The obtained Ag-NPs showed an emission band at 320 nm when excited at 280 nm and exhibited strong green fluorescence under UV-light. The produced Ag-NPs were used as fluorescent nanosensors for the spectrofluorimetric determination of ornidazole (ONZ) and miconazole nitrate (MIZ) based on their quantitative quenching of Ag-NPs native fluorescence. The current study introduces the first spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of the studied drugs using Ag-NPs without the need for any pre-derivatization steps. Since the studied drugs don't exhibit native fluorescent properties, the importance of the proposed study is magnified. The proposed method displayed a linear relationship between the fluorescence quenching and the concentrations of the studied drugs over the range of 5.0–80.0 µM and 20.0–100.0 µM with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.35 µM and 1.43 µM for ONZ and MIZ, respectively. The proposed method was applied for the determination of ONZ and MIZ in different dosage forms and human plasma samples with high % recoveries and low % RSD values. The developed method was validated according to ICH guidelines. Moreover, the synthesized Ag-NPs demonstrated significant antimicrobial activities against three different bacterial strains and one candida species. Therefore, the proposed method may hold potential applications in the antimicrobial therapy and related mechanism research.
Dietary iron overload enhances Western diet induced hepatic inflammation and alters lipid metabolism in rats sharing similarity with human DIOS
Authors: Fujiwara Sakura , Izawa Takeshi , Mori Mutsuki , Atarashi Machi , Yamate Jyoji , Kuwamura Mitsuru 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHepatic iron overload is often concurrent with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome (DIOS) is characterized by an increase in the liver and body iron stores and metabolic syndrome components. Increasing evidences suggest an overlap between NAFLD with iron overload and DIOS; however, the mechanism how iron is involved in their pathogenesis remains unclear. Here we investigated the role of iron in the pathology of a rat model of NAFLD with iron overload. Rats fed a Western (high-fat and high-fructose) diet for 26 weeks represented hepatic steatosis with an increased body weight and dyslipidemia. Addition of dietary iron overload to the Western diet feeding further increased serum triglyceride and cholesterol, and enhanced hepatic inflammation; the affected liver had intense iron deposition in the sinusoidal macrophages/Kupffer cells, associated with nuclear translocation of NFκB and upregulation of Th1/M1-related cytokines. The present model would be useful to investigate the mechanism underlying the development and progression of NAFLD as well as DIOS, and to elucidate an important role of iron as one of the "multiple hits” factors.
Magnetic properties evolution and crystallization behaviour of vacuum- and air-long-term-annealed rapidly quenched Fe80.3Co5Cu0.7B14 alloy
Authors: Hawelek L. , Warski T. , Zackiewicz P. , Hudecki J. , Kolano-Burian A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis work aims to investigate the isothermal crystallization behaviour, crystal structure and magnetic properties evolution of long-term (up to 300 h) low temperature (210 and 260 °C) vacuum- and air-annealed Fe80.3Co5Cu0.7B14 alloy. Before the α-Fe(Co) phase crystallization, the primary relaxation process has been identified at a temperature range up to 340 °C. The relaxation process performed under 210 °C for 300 h did not initiate the crystallization process. However, the topological and compositional short-range rearrangements improved magnetic properties remarkably. Annealing 150 h at 260 °C helps to deliver enough energy to stabilize the glassy state and initiate the crystallization process fully. Structural and magnetic properties evolution of 150 h annealing at 260 °C corresponds to the evolution presented during isochronal 20 min annealing at 310 °C. Magnetic properties Bs = 1.75–1.79 T, Hc < 20 A/m and P10/50 are similar to those for 20 min of annealing at 310 °C. Comparison of core power losses from up to 400 kHz frequency dependences of long-term low temperature annealed alloy with 20 min classical annealing at 310 °C shown that presented here long-term annealing is energetically insufficient to bring the glassy state system into the same low level of core power losses efficiency.
Larvicidal and repellent potential of Ageratum houstonianum against Culex pipiens
Authors: Hadidy Doaa El , El Sayed Abeer M. , Tantawy Mona El , Alfy Taha El , Farag Shaimaa M. , Haleem Doaa R. Abdel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMosquitoes are unquestionably the most medic arthropod vectors of disease. Culex pipiens, usually defined as a common house mosquito, is a well-known carrier of several virus diseases. Crude ethanol extracts of different organs of Agratum houstonianum are tested with Culex pipiens Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae) to determine their larvicidal, antifeedant, and repellency effects. Alongside biochemical analysis, the activity of the AChE, ATPase, CarE, and CYP-450 is detected in the total hemolymph of the C. pipiens larvae to examine the enzymatic action on the way to explain their neurotoxic effect and mode of action. Through HPLC and GC–MS analysis of the phytochemical profile of A. houstonianum aerial parts is identified. The larvicidal activity of aerial parts; flower (AF), leaf (AL), and stem (AS) of A. houstonianum extracts are evaluated against the 3rd instar larvae of C. pipiens at 24-, 48- and 72-post-treatment. A. houstonianium AF, AL, and AS extracts influenced the mortality of larvae with LC50 values 259.79, 266.85, and 306.86 ppm, respectively after 24 h of application. The potency of AF and AL extracts was 1.69- and 1.25-folds than that of AS extract, respectively. A high repellency percentage was obtained by AF extract 89.10% at a dose of 3.60 mg/cm2. A. houstonianium AF prevailed inhibition on acetylcholinesterase and decrease in carboxylesterase activity. Moreover, a significant increase in the ATPase levels and a decrease in cytochrome P-450 monooxegenase activity (− 36.60%) are detected. HPLC analysis prevailed chlorogenic and rosmarinic acid as the major phenolic acids in AL and AF, respectively. GC–MS analysis of A. houstonianum results in the identification of phytol as the major makeup. Precocene I and II were detected in AF. Linoleic, linolenic, and oleic acid were detected in comparable amounts in the studied organs. Overall, results suggest that the A. houstonianum flower extract (AF) exhibits significant repellent, antifeedant, and larvicidal activities.
STAT3 suppression and β-cell ablation enhance α-to-β reprogramming mediated by Pdx1
Authors: Wakabayashi Yuka , Miyatsuka Takeshi , Miura Masaki , Himuro Miwa , Taguchi Tomomi , Iida Hitoshi , Nishida Yuya , Fujitani Yoshio , Watada Hirotaka 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs diabetes results from the absolute or relative deficiency of insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells, possible methods to efficiently generate surrogate β cells have attracted a lot of efforts. To date, insulin-producing cells have been generated from various differentiated cell types in the pancreas, such as acinar cells and α cells, by inducing defined transcription factors, such as PDX1 and MAFA, yet it is still challenging as to how surrogate β cells can be efficiently generated for establishing future regenerative therapies for diabetes. In this study, we demonstrated that the exogenous expression of PDX1 activated STAT3 in α cells in vitro, and STAT3-null PDX1-expressing α cells in vivo resulted in efficient induction of α-to-β reprogramming, accompanied by the emergence of α-cell-derived insulin-producing cells with silenced glucagon expression. Whereas β-cell ablation by alloxan administration significantly increased the number of α-cell-derived insulin-producing cells by PDX1, STAT3 suppression resulted in no further increase in β-cell neogenesis after β-cell ablation. Thus, STAT3 modulation and β-cell ablation nonadditively enhance α-to-β reprogramming induced by PDX1, which may lead to the establishment of cell therapies for curing diabetes.
Data quality evaluation in wearable monitoring
Authors: Böttcher Sebastian , Vieluf Solveig , Bruno Elisa , Joseph Boney , Epitashvili Nino , Biondi Andrea , Zabler Nicolas , Glasstetter Martin , Dümpelmann Matthias , Van Laerhoven Kristof , Nasseri Mona , Brinkman Benjamin H. , Richardson Mark P. , Schulze-Bonhage Andreas , Loddenkemper Tobias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWearable recordings of neurophysiological signals captured from the wrist offer enormous potential for seizure monitoring. Yet, data quality remains one of the most challenging factors that impact data reliability. We suggest a combined data quality assessment tool for the evaluation of multimodal wearable data. We analyzed data from patients with epilepsy from four epilepsy centers. Patients wore wristbands recording accelerometry, electrodermal activity, blood volume pulse, and skin temperature. We calculated data completeness and assessed the time the device was worn (on-body), and modality-specific signal quality scores. We included 37,166 h from 632 patients in the inpatient and 90,776 h from 39 patients in the outpatient setting. All modalities were affected by artifacts. Data loss was higher when using data streaming (up to 49% among inpatient cohorts, averaged across respective recordings) as compared to onboard device recording and storage (up to 9%). On-body scores, estimating the percentage of time a device was worn on the body, were consistently high across cohorts (more than 80%). Signal quality of some modalities, based on established indices, was higher at night than during the day. A uniformly reported data quality and multimodal signal quality index is feasible, makes study results more comparable, and contributes to the development of devices and evaluation routines necessary for seizure monitoring.
A re-evaluation of the peak P–T conditions of eclogite-facies metamorphism of the Paleozoic Acatlán Complex (Mexico) reveals deeper subduction
Authors: Hernández-Uribe D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEclogites in the Acatlán Complex, southern Mexico, record the subduction history of the complex. Previous studies indicate that the proto-Acatlán Complex reached < 50 km depth during subduction. Yet, a recent study reported higher pressures for a single eclogite, questioning the maximum depth reached by the complex during subduction. In this work, I re-calculate eclogite pressure and temperature (P–T) conditions using thermobarometric methods applicable to eclogite-facies mafic rocks to a set of eclogites cropping out throughout the high-pressure belt of the Acatlán Complex—the Piaxtla Suite. I find that Acatlán eclogites record substantially—and systematically—greater pressures than previously reported. Calculations show that eclogites from the central part of the Piaxtla Suite (in the Piaxtla area) record consistent pressures of ~ 2.0 GPa and temperatures ranging between 460 and 675 °C. Eclogites from the northern part of the Piaxtla Suite (Mimilulco and Santa Cruz Organal areas) lack phengite, thus pressures were not calculated; temperatures calculated for these rocks at a fixed pressure (2.0 GPa) yield contrasting temperatures (511 °C and 870 °C, respectively). Mimilulco eclogite likely records similar pressures (~ 2.0 GPa) to other Piaxtla eclogites, whereas the pressures of Santa Cruz Organal eclogites might have been different, and likely experiencing a different thermal history compared to the rest of the eclogites from the Piaxtla Suite. Overall, these results indicate that the Acatlán Complex subducted to greater depths than previously thought implying a faster burial—exhumation cycle of the proto-Acatlán Complex.
Trioecy is maintained as a time-stable mating system in the pink sea urchin Toxopneustes roseus from the Mexican Pacific
Authors: Díaz-Martínez Julia Patricia , Mejía-Gutiérrez Leobarda Margarita , Islas-Villanueva Valentina , Benítez-Villalobos Francisco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTrioecy is a sexual system that consists of the co-occurrence of females, males and hermaphrodites in a population and is common in plants; however, in animals it is uncommon and poorly understood. In echinoderms, trioecy had never been recorded until now. Frequencies of females, males, and hermaphrodites were evaluated and gametogenic development was histologically characterized in a population ofToxopneustes roseusinhabiting the Mexican Pacific. Trioecy in this population is functional and temporally stable, since the three sexes coexisted in each sampling month. The hermaphrodites presented similar gametogenic development as the females and males and participated during the spawning season, contributing to the population’s reproductive process. Trioecy is considered an evolutionarily transitory state, and it is extremely difficult to explain its presence in a species. We hypothesize that continuous ocean warming represents a threat to the survival of this population ofT. roseus, since its early developmental stages, which represent a population bottleneck, are more vulnerable to high temperatures than other sea urchins inhabiting the area, while its population density is significantly lower. These conditions generate a strongly stressed environment, which is the determining factor that maintains the stability of trioecy in the species in which it has been studied.
Staggered-peak production is a mixed blessing in the control of particulate matter pollution
Authors: Wang Ying , Huang Ru-Jin , Xu Wei , Zhong Haobin , Duan Jing , Lin Chunshui , Gu Yifang , Wang Ting , Li Yongjie , Ovadnevaite Jurgita , Ceburnis Darius , O’Dowd Colin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStaggered-peak production (SP)—a measure to halt industrial production in the heating season—has been implemented in North China Plain to alleviate air pollution. We compared the variations of PM1 composition in Beijing during the SP period in the 2016 heating season (SPhs) with those in the normal production (NP) periods during the 2015 heating season (NPhs) and 2016 non-heating season (NPnhs) to investigate the effectiveness of SP. The PM1 mass concentration decreased from 70.0 ± 54.4 μg m−3 in NPhs to 53.0 ± 56.4 μg m−3 in SPhs, with prominent reductions in primary emissions. However, the fraction of nitrate during SPhs (20.2%) was roughly twice that during NPhs (12.7%) despite a large decrease of NOx, suggesting an efficient transformation of NOx to nitrate during the SP period. This is consistent with the increase of oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA), which almost doubled from NPhs (22.5%) to SPhs (43.0%) in the total organic aerosol (OA) fraction, highlighting efficient secondary formation during SP. The PM1 loading was similar between SPhs (53.0 ± 56.4 μg m−3) and NPnhs (50.7 ± 49.4 μg m−3), indicating a smaller difference in PM pollution between heating and non-heating seasons after the implementation of the SP measure. In addition, a machine learning technique was used to decouple the impact of meteorology on air pollutants. The deweathered results were comparable with the observed results, indicating that meteorological conditions did not have a large impact on the comparison results. Our study indicates that the SP policy is effective in reducing primary emissions but promotes the formation of secondary species.
Turning antibodies off and on again using a covalently tethered blocking peptide
Authors: Brasino Michael , Wagnell Eli , Hamilton Sean , Ranganathan Srivathsan , Gomes Michelle M. , Branchaud Bruce , Messmer Bradley , Ibsen Stuart D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn their natural form, antibodies are always in an “on-state” and are capable of binding to their targets. This leads to undesirable interactions in a wide range of therapeutic, analytical, and synthetic applications. Modulating binding kinetics of antibodies to turn them from an “off-state” to an “on-state” with temporal and spatial control can address this. Here we demonstrate a method to modulate binding activity of antibodies in a predictable and reproducible way. We designed a blocking construct that uses both covalent and non-covalent interactions with the antibody. The construct consisted of a Protein L protein attached to a flexible linker ending in a blocking-peptide designed to interact with the antibody binding site. A mutant Protein L was developed to enable photo-triggered covalent crosslinking to the antibody at a specific location. The covalent bond anchored the linker and blocking peptide to the antibody light chain keeping the blocking peptide close to the antibody binding site. This effectively put the antibody into an “off-state”. We demonstrate that protease-cleavable and photocleavable moieties in the tether enable controlled antibody activation to the “on-state” for anti-FLAG and cetuximab antibodies. Protein L can bind a range of antibodies used therapeutically and in research for wide applicability.
Electrodeposited magnetic nanoporous membrane for high-yield and high-throughput immunocapture of extracellular vesicles and lipoproteins
Authors: Zhang Chenguang , Huo Xiaoye , Zhu Yini , Higginbotham James N. , Cao Zheng , Lu Xin , Franklin Jeffrey L. , Vickers Kasey C. , Coffey Robert J. , Senapati Satyajyoti , Wang Ceming , Chang Hsueh-Chia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSuperparamagnetic nanobeads offer several advantages over microbeads for immunocapture of nanocarriers (extracellular vesicles, lipoproteins, and viruses) in a bioassay: high-yield capture, reduction in incubation time, and higher capture capacity. However, nanobeads are difficult to “pull-down” because their superparamagnetic feature requires high nanoscale magnetic field gradients. Here, an electrodeposited track-etched membrane is shown to produce a unique superparamagnetic nano-edge ring with multiple edges around nanopores. With a uniform external magnetic field, the induced monopole and dipole of this nano edge junction combine to produce a 10× higher nanobead trapping force. A dense nanobead suspension can be filtered through the magnetic nanoporous membrane (MNM) at high throughput with a 99% bead capture rate. The yield of specific nanocarriers in heterogeneous media by nanobeads/MNM exceeds 80%. Reproducibility, low loss, and concentration-independent capture rates are also demonstrated. This MNM material hence expands the application of nanobead immunocapture to physiological samples.
Machine learning prediction of connectivity, biodiversity and resilience in the Coral Triangle
Authors: Novi Lyuba , Bracco Annalisa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEven optimistic climate scenarios predict catastrophic consequences for coral reef ecosystems by 2100. Understanding how reef connectivity, biodiversity and resilience are shaped by climate variability would improve chances to establish sustainable management practices. In this regard, ecoregionalization and connectivity are pivotal to designating effective marine protected areas. Here, machine learning algorithms and physical intuition are applied to sea surface temperature anomaly data over a twenty-four-year period to extract ecoregions and assess connectivity and bleaching recovery potential in the Coral Triangle and surrounding oceans. Furthermore, the impacts of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on biodiversity and resilience are quantified. We find that resilience is higher for reefs north of the Equator and that the extraordinary biodiversity of the Coral Triangle is dynamic in time and space, and benefits from ENSO. The large-scale exchange of genetic material is enhanced between the Indian Ocean and the Coral Triangle during La Niña years, and between the Coral Triangle and the central Pacific in neutral conditions. Through machine learning the outstanding biodiversity of the Coral Triangle, its evolution and the increase of species richness are contextualized through geological times, while offering new hope for monitoring its future.
Using genetic algorithms to systematically improve the synthesis conditions of Al-PMOF
Authors: Domingues Nency P. , Moosavi Seyed Mohamad , Talirz Leopold , Jablonka Kevin Maik , Ireland Christopher P. , Ebrahim Fatmah Mish , Smit Berend 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is often complex and the desired structure is not always obtained. In this work, we report a methodology that uses a joint machine learning and experimental approach to optimize the synthesis conditions of Al-PMOF (Al2(OH)2TCPP) [H2TCPP = meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine], a promising material for carbon capture applications. Al-PMOF was previously synthesized using a hydrothermal reaction, which gave a low throughput yield due to its relatively long reaction time (16 hours). Here, we use a genetic algorithm to carry out a systematic search for the optimal synthesis conditions and a microwave-based high-throughput robotic platform for the syntheses. We show that, in just two generations, we could obtain excellent crystallinity and yield close to 80% in a much shorter reaction time (50 minutes). Moreover, by analyzing the failed and partially successful experiments, we could identify the most important experimental variables that determine the crystallinity and yield.
A macroscopic mass from quantum mechanics in an integrated approach
Authors: Seifert Frank C. , Panna Alireza R. , Hu I-Fan , Keck Lorenz H. , Chao Leon S. , Payagala Shamith U. , Jarrett Dean G. , Liu Chieh-I , Saha Dipanjan , Elmquist Randolph E. , Schlamminger Stephan , Rigosi Albert F. , Newell David B. , Haddad Darine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe revision of the International System of Units (SI) on May 20th, 2019, has enabled new improved experiments to consolidate and simplify mechanical and quantum electrical metrology. Here, we present the direct measurement between a macroscopic mass and two quantum standards in a single experiment, in which the current used to levitate a mass passes through a graphene quantum Hall standard. The Josephson effect voltage is compared directly to the resulting quantum Hall effect voltage. We demonstrate this measurement with the use of graphene quantum Hall arrays for scaling in resistance with improved uncertainty and higher current level.
Bulk-interface correspondence from quantum distance in flat band systems
Authors: Oh Chang-geun , Cho Doohee , Park Se Young , Rhim Jun-Won 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe bulk-boundary correspondence is an integral feature of topological analysis and the existence of boundary or interface modes offers direct insight into the topological structure of the Bloch wave function. While only the topology of the wave function has been considered relevant to boundary modes, we demonstrate that another geometric quantity, the so-called quantum distance, can also host a bulk-interface correspondence. We consider a generic class of two-dimensional flat band systems, where the flat band has a parabolic band-crossing with another dispersive band. While such flat bands are known to be topologically trivial, we show that the nonzero maximum quantum distance between the eigenstates of the flat band around the touching point guarantees the existence of boundary modes at the interfaces between two domains with different chemical potentials or different maximum quantum distance. Moreover, the maximum quantum distance can predict even the explicit form of the dispersion relation and decay length of the interface modes.