bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Website and Social Media Presence of Integrated Plastic Surgery Residency Programs on Prospective Applicants
Authors: Pflibsen Lacey R. , Deckey David G. , Brinkman Joseph C. , Tummala Sailesh V. , Casey William J. , Teven Chad M. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
Integrated plastic surgery residency programs have increased their social media presence to educate and recruit prospective residents. This study aims to understand the impact of integrated plastic surgery residency program social media on the 2020 to 2021 applicants' evaluation of prospective programs, particularly during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Materials and Methods
An optional 20-item online survey was sent to integrated plastic surgery residency applicants applying to the authors' program.

Results
Surveys were sent to 300 integrated plastic surgery residency applicants with an average of 168 responses (56% response rate). Social media resources included official residency program website (87.1%), Instagram (70.2%), and Doximity (46.8%). The most frequently used resource by applicants was the official residency program website (43.9%); Instagram was the second most frequently used (40.2%) followed by Doximity (8.3%). Most respondents agreed that social media was an effective means to inform applicants (66.1%), and it positively impacted their perception of the program (64.8%). The cited benefits were helping the program exhibit its culture and comradery among residents, faculty, and staff (78.4%). Among applicants, 73.6% noted that it had a significant impact on their perceptions of programs. Most respondents truncated their planned plastic surgery subinternships, completing 1 instead of 3 planned subinternships because of coronavirus disease 2019 limitations.

Conclusions
During the 2020 to 2021 plastic surgery application cycle, applicants used social media accounts of plastic surgery residency programs to inform and educate themselves about prospective programs. This study suggests that investing resources into a social media residency accounts is a meaningful pursuit for integrated plastic surgery programs and is an important aspect in today's recruitment.
A Potential Complication After Drainage in Odontogenic Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis: Chyle Leakage
Authors: Lou Yiting , Weng Xiaoyan , Zhuo Qunhao , Ying Binbin , Feng Jiaxin , Wang Huiming 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis is a serious complication of odontogenic infections. Incision and drainage of the maxillofacial infection with mediastinal drainage represent the principal management. However, chyle leakage after drainage in descending necrotizing mediastinitis is rare and has not been reported. Here the authors present a case of a 74-year-old man with chyle leakage after mediastinal drainage, which is successfully treated.
Intraoperative Fluid Management a Modifiable Risk Factor for Surgical Quality – Improving Standardized Practice
Authors: Abd El Aziz Mohamed A. , Grass Fabian , Calini Giacomo , Lovely Jenna K. , Jacob Adam K. , Behm Kevin T. , D’Angelo Anne-Lise D. , Shawki Sherief F. , Mathis Kellie L. , Larson David W. 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
We aimed to determine a safe zone of intraoperative fluid management associated with the lowest postoperative complication rates without increased acute kidney injury (AKi) risk for elective colorectal surgery patients.

Background:
To date, standard practice within institutions, let alone national expectations related to fluid administration, are limited. This fact has perpetuated a quality gap.

Methods:
Elective colorectal surgeries between 2018 and 2020 were included. Unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) for postoperative ileus, prolonged LOS, and AKi were plotted against the rate of intraoperative RL infusion (mL/ kg/h) and total intraoperative volume. Binary logistic regression analysis, including fluid volumes as a confounder, was used to identify risk factors for postoperative complications.

Results:
A total of 2900 patients were identified. Of them, 503 (17.3%) patients had ileus, 772 (26.6%) patients had prolonged LOS, and 240 (8.3%) patients had AKI. The intraoperative fluid resuscitation rate (mg/kg/h) was less impactful on postoperative ileus, LOS, and AKI than the total amount of intraoperative fluid. A total fluid administration range between 300 mL and 2.7 L was associated with the lowest complication rate. Total intraoperative RL ≥2.7 L was independently associated with a higher risk of ileus (adjusted OR 1.465; 95% confidence interval 1.154–1.858) and prolonged LOS (adjusted OR 1.300; 95% confidence interval 1.047–1.613), but not AKI. Intraoperative RL ≤300 mL was not associated with an increased risk of AKI.

Conclusion:
Total intraoperative RL ≥2.7 L was independently associated with postoperative ileus and prolonged LOS in elective colorectal surgery patients. A new potential standard for intraoperative fluids will require anesthesia case planning (complexity and duration) to ensure total fluid volume meets this new opportunity to improve care.
The effect of tranexamic acid dosing regimen on trauma/hemorrhagic shock-related glycocalyx degradation and endothelial barrier permeability: An in vitro model
Authors: Carge Michael , Diebel Lawrence N. , Liberati David M. 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND
Improved outcomes with early tranexamic acid (TXA) following trauma hemorrhagic shock (T/HS) may be related to its antifibrinolytic, as well as anti-inflammatory properties. Previous in vitro studies have shown that early TXA administration protects against T/HS endothelial barrier dysfunction and associated glycocalyx degradation. An intact endothelial glycocalyx may protect against subsequent neutrophil mediated tissue injury. We postulated that early TXA administration would mitigate against glycocalyx damage and resultant neutrophil adherence and transmigration through the endothelial barrier. This was studied in vitro using a microfluidic flow platform.

METHODS
Human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayers were subjected to control or shock conditions (hypoxia + epinephrine) followed by administration of TXA 90 minutes or 180 minutes later.

RESULTS
“Early” TXA administration protected against glycocalyx degradation, biomarkers of increased permeability and the development of a fibrinolytic phenotype. This was associated with decreased neutrophil endothelial adherence and transmigration. There were no differences in low versus high TXA concentrations. The protective effects were only significant with “early” TXA administration.

CONCLUSION
There was a concentration and temporal effect of TXA administration on endothelial glycocalyx degradation. This was associated with “vascular leakiness” as indexed by the relative ratio of Ang-2/1 and polymorphonuclear neutrophil transmigration. Tranexamic acid if administered in patients with T/HS should be administered “early”; this includes in the prehospital setting.
The Sensitivity of Quantitative Sonographic Assessment of Muscle Thickness for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Diagnosis
Authors: Avidan Reuven , Fainmesser Yaara , Drory Vivian E. , Bril Vera , Abraham Alon 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
In the current proof-of-concept study, we aimed to examine the sensitivities and specificities of previously reported normal values for muscle ultrasound thickness in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Methods:
Muscle ultrasound was performed in 65 healthy control subjects and 91 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients using a standardized assessment of eight relaxed muscles and four contracted muscles. Normal values for muscle thickness were determined as values above the 5th percentile stratified by age and gender using the weighted average method. Sensitivity for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diagnosis was determined for muscles with and without the addition of muscle contraction.

Results:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients showed reduced muscle sum thickness both in relaxed and in contracted states compared with control subjects. Muscle ultrasound of muscles with and without contraction showed excellent diagnostic accuracy for differentiating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients from control subjects (area under curve = 0.96, sensitivity: 93%–95%, specificity: 84–87). Muscle ultrasound sensitivity was lower within 6 months of symptom onset (83%) compared with longer disease duration (>92%).

Conclusions:
Quantitative sonographic assessment of muscle thickness can be complementary in the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with excellent accuracy for differentiating patients from healthy subjects, and might be useful in other neuromuscular disorders, although additional studies are required.
Serological study of CoronaVac vaccine and booster doses in Chile: immunogenicity and persistence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies
Authors: Vargas Leonardo , Valdivieso Nicolás , Tempio Fabián , Simon Valeska , Sauma Daniela , Valenzuela Lucía , Beltrán Caroll , Castillo-Delgado Loriana , Contreras-Benavides Ximena , Acevedo Mónica L. , Valiente-Echeverría Fernando , Soto-Rifo Ricardo , Gonzalez Rafael I. , Lopez Mercedes , Osorio Fabiola , Bono María Rosa 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundChile was severely affected by COVID19 outbreaks but was also one of the first countries to start a nationwide program to vaccinate against the disease. Furthermore, Chile became one of the fastest countries to inoculate a high percentage of the target population and implemented homologous and heterologous booster schemes in late 2021 to prevent potential immunological waning. The aim of this study is to compare the immunogenicity and time course of the humoral response elicited by the CoronaVac vaccine in combination with homologous versus heterologous boosters.Methods and FindingsWe compared the immunogenicity of two doses of CoronaVac and BNT162b2 vaccines and studied the effect of different booster regimes in the Chilean population. Our results demonstrate that a two-dose vaccination scheme with CoronaVac induces lower levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies than BNT162b2 in a broad age range. Furthermore, antibody production declines with time in individuals vaccinated with CoronaVac and less noticeably, with BNT162b2. Remarkably, analysis of booster schemes revealed that individuals vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVac generate immunological memory against the SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain, which can be re-activated with homologous or heterologous (BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1) boosters. Nevertheless, the magnitude of the antibody response with the heterologous booster regime was considerably higher and persistent (over 100 days) than the responses induced by the homologous scheme.ConclusionsTwo doses of CoronaVac induces antibody titers against the SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain which are lower in magnitude than those induced by the BNT162b2 vaccine. However, the response induced by CoronaVac can be greatly potentiated with a heterologous booster scheme with BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 vaccines. Furthermore, the heterologous booster regimes induce a durable antibody response which does not show signs of decay 3 months after the booster dose.
Integrated analysis reveals FOXA1 and Ku70/Ku80 as direct targets of ivermectin in prostate cancer
Authors: Lv Shidong , Wu Zeyu , Luo Mayao , Zhang Yifan , Zhang Jianqiang , Pascal Laura E. , Wang Zhou , Wei Qiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIvermectin is a widely used antiparasitic drug and shows promising anticancer activity in various cancer types. Although multiple signaling pathways modulated by ivermectin have been identified, few studies have focused on the exact target of ivermectin. Herein, we report the pharmacological effects and direct targets of ivermectin in prostate cancer (PCa). Ivermectin caused G0/G1 arrest, induced cell apoptosis, DNA damage, and decreased androgen receptor (AR) signaling in PCa cells. Using integrated omics profiling, including RNA-seq and thermal proteome profiling, we found that the forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair executer Ku70/Ku80 were the direct targets of ivermectin. The binding of ivermectin and FOXA1 reduced the chromatin accessibility of AR and the G0/G1 cell cycle regulator E2F1, leading to cell proliferation inhibition. The binding of ivermectin and Ku70/Ku80 impaired the NHEJ repair ability. Cooperating with the downregulation of homologous recombination repair after AR inhibition, ivermectin triggered synthetic lethality. Our findings demonstrate the anticancer effect of ivermectin in prostate cancer, indicating that its use may be a new therapeutic approach for PCa.
Human glioblastoma cell motility depends on the activity of the cysteine metabolism enzyme 3-Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase
Authors: Saurty-Seerunghen Mirca S. , Daubon Thomas , Bellenger Léa , Delaunay Virgile , Castro Gloria , Guyon Joris , Rezk Ahmed , Fabrega Sylvie , Idbaih Ahmed , Almairac Fabien , Burel-Vandenbos Fanny , Turchi Laurent , Virolle Thierry , Peyrin Jean-Michel , Antoniewski Christophe , Chneiweiss Hervé , El-Habr Elias A. , Junier Marie-Pierre 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCancer cells in similar functional states are found in all glioblastoma, despite the genomic heterogeneity observed between and within these brain tumors. Metabolism being downstream of all signaling pathways regulating cell behaviors, we looked for metabolic weaknesses in link with motility, a key functional state for glioblastoma aggressiveness. A signature-driven data reduction approach highlighted motile cells present in thirty tumors from four independent single-cell transcriptomic datasets. Analyses integrating trajectory modeling disclosed, as characteristic of motile cells, enhanced oxidative stress coupled with mobilization of the cysteine metabolism enzyme 3-Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST). The soundness of this prediction was verified using migration and invasion assays with patient-derived cells and tissue organoids. Pharmacological and genetic manipulations showed that enhanced ROS production and MPST activity are required for the cells’ motility. Biochemical assays indicated that MPST acts by protecting protein cysteine residues from dismal hyperoxidation. In vivo, MPST knockdown translated in reduced tumor burden, and a robust increase in mice survival. These results show that enhanced oxidative stress coupled with MPST mobilization plays a key role in glioblastoma cell motility.
D2BGAN: Dual Discriminator Bayesian Generative Adversarial Network for Deformable MR-Ultrasound Registration Applied to Brain Shift compensation
Authors: Rahmani M. , Moghadassi H. , Farnia P. , Ahmadian A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeIn neurosurgery, image guidance is provided based on the patient to pre-operative data registration with a neuronavigation system. However, the brain shift phenomena invalidate the accuracy of the navigation system during neurosurgery. One of the most common approaches for brain shift compensation is using intra-operative ultrasound (iUS) imaging followed by registration of iUS with pre-operative magnetic resonance (MR) images. While, due to the unpredictable nature of brain deformation and the low quality of ultrasound images, finding a satisfactory multimodal image registration approach remains a challenging task.MethodsWe proposed a new automatic unsupervised end-to-end MR-iUS registration approach based on the Dual Discriminator Bayesian Generative Adversarial Network (D2BGAN). The proposed network consists of two discriminators and is optimized by introducing a Bayesian loss function to improve the generator functionality and adding a mutual information loss function to the discriminator for similarity measurement. An evaluation was performed using the RESECT training dataset based on the organizer’s manual landmarks.ResultsThe mean Target Registration Error (mTRE) after MR-iUS registration using D2BGAN reached 0.75±0.3 mm. The D2BGAN illustrated a clear advantage by 85% improvement in the mTRE of MR-iUS registration over the initial error. Also, the results confirmed that the proposed Bayesian loss function rather than the typical loss function outperforms the accuracy of MR-iUS registration by 23%.ConclusionThe D2BGAN improved the registration accuracy while allowing us to maintain the intensity and anatomical information of the input images in the registration process. It promotes the advancement of deep learning-based multi-modality registration techniques.
In vitro analysis of catalase and superoxide dismutase mimetic properties of blue tattoo ink
Authors: Homolak Jan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTattoo inks are comprised of different combinations of bioactive chemicals with combined biological effects that are insufficiently explored. Tattoos have been associated with oxidative stress; however, a recent N-of-1 study suggested that blue tattoos may be associated with suppressed local skin oxidative stress. The present study aimed to explore the attributes of the blue tattoo ink (BTI) that may explain its possible effects on redox homeostasis, namely the catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-mimetic properties that have been reported for copper(II) phthalocyanine (CuPC) – the main BTI constituent. Intenze™ Persian blue (PB) BTI has been used in the experiment. CAT and SOD-mimetic properties of PB and its pigment-enriched fractions were analyzed using the carbonato-cobaltate (III) formation-derived H2O2 dissociation and 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene autoxidation rate assays utilizing simple buffers and biochemical matrix of normal skin tissue as chemical reaction environments. CuPC-based tattoo ink PB and both its blue and white pigment-enriched fractions demonstrate CAT and SOD-mimetic properties in vitro with effect sizes demonstrating a substantial dependence on the biochemical environment. PB constituents act as inhibitors of CAT but potentiate its activity in the biochemical matrix of the skin. CuPC-based BTI can mimic antioxidant enzymes, however chemical constituents other than CuPC (e.g. the photoreactive TiO2) seem to be at least partially responsible for the BTI redox-modulating properties.
A surface morphometrics toolkit to quantify organellar membrane ultrastructure using cryo-electron tomography
Authors: Barad Benjamin A. , Medina Michaela , Fuentes Daniel , Wiseman R. Luke , Grotjahn Danielle A 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTCellular cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) enables 3-dimensional reconstructions of organelles in their native cellular environment at subnanometer resolution. However, quantifying ultrastructural features of pleomorphic organelles in three dimensions is challenging, as is defining the significance of observed changes induced by specific cellular perturbations. To address this challenge, we established a semi-automated workflow to segment organellar membranes and reconstruct their underlying surface geometry in cryo-ET. To complement this workflow, we developed an open source suite of ultrastructural quantifications, integrated into a single pipeline called the surface morphometrics toolkit. This toolkit allows detailed mapping of spacing, curvature, and orientation onto reconstructed membrane meshes, highlighting subtle organellar features that are challenging to detect in three dimensions and allowing for statistical comparison across many organelles. To demonstrate the advantages of this approach, we combine cryo-ET with cryo-fluorescence microscopy to correlate bulk mitochondrial network morphology (i.e., elongated versus fragmented) with membrane ultrastructure of individual mitochondria in the presence and absence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Using our toolkit, we demonstrate ER stress promotes adaptive remodeling of ultrastructural features of mitochondria including spacing between the inner and outer membranes, local curvature of the inner membrane, and spacing between mitochondrial cristae. We show that differences in membrane ultrastructure correlate to mitochondrial network morphologies, suggesting that these two remodeling events are coupled. Our toolkit offers opportunities for quantifying changes in organellar architecture on a single-cell level using cryo-ET, opening new opportunities to define changes in ultrastructural features induced by diverse types of cellular perturbations.
Transient modeling and analysis of fractional-order resonant very high frequency boost converter
Authors: Jiang Xinyi , Chen Yanfeng , Zhang Bo , Qiu Dongyuan 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to present a simplified method to analyze the transient characteristics of a fractional-order very high frequency (VHF) resonant boost converter. The transient analytical solutions of state variables obtained by this method could be used as a guide for parameter design and circuit optimization.

Design/methodology/approach
The VHF converter is decoupled into a simplified equivalent circuit model and described by the differential equation. The solution of the simplified equivalent circuit model is taken as the main oscillation component of the transient state variable. And the equivalent small parameter method (ESPM) and Kalman filter technology are used to solve the differential equation of the converter to obtain the steady-state ripple component. Then, by superimposing the abovementioned two parts, the approximate transient analytical solution can be acquired. Finally, the influence of the fractional order of the energy storage elements on the transient process of the converter is discussed.

Findings
The results from the proposed method agree well with those from simulations, which indicates that the proposed method can effectively analyze the transient characteristic of the fractional-order VHF converter, and the analytical solution derived from the proposed mathematical model shows sufficient accuracy.

Originality/value
This paper proposes for the first time a method to analyze the transient characteristics of a fractional-order VHF resonant boost converter. By combining the main oscillated solution derived from the simplified equivalent circuit model with the steady-state solution based on ESPM, this method can greatly reduce the computation amount to estimate the transient solution. In addition, the discussion on the order of fractional calculus of energy storage components can provide an auxiliary guidance for the selection of circuit parameters and the study of stability.