bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectory tracking control for quadrotor based on time-varying threshold event-triggered extended state observer
Authors: Chen Junyu , Li Tieshan , Long Yue , Chen C.L. Philip 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Considering the problems of unknown external disturbances and parametric uncertainties in trajectory tracking of a quadrotor, a backstepping control method based on time-varying threshold event-triggered extended state observer (TETESO) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, to facilitate the controller design, the quadrotor system is divided into the position subsystem and the attitude subsystem. Secondly, a TETESO which can observe the unmeasurable states and the total disturbance as well as reduce the unnecessary communication resources between sensor and observer is proposed. It is proved that the observation errors are bounded, and Zeno behavior is avoided. Thirdly, a new controller synthesized by the proposed TETESO and the backstepping control method is designed for the position subsystem and the attitude subsystem. To address “differential explosion” problem in backstepping control method, a nonlinear differentiator with lead compensation is used in the controller. Moreover, the stability analysis of the closed-loop system is proved and the proposed controller can ensure the ultimate
Modelling extreme rainfall with Block Maxima and Peak-Over Threshold methods in Rwanda
Authors: Safari Bonfils 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study two fundamental approaches of extreme value theory (EVT) were applied on the extreme precipitation incidents over twelve synoptic stations of Rwanda: the Block Maxima (BM) and the Peak-Over Threshold (POT). Annual maximum rainfall series (AMS) and partial duration rainfall series (PDS) higher than a selected threshold were fitted respectively to the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution and the Generalized Pareto (GP) distribution at each station. Four methods were used for the estimation of the parameters of the GEV and the GP distributions: the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method, the L-Moments Estimation (LME) method, the Bayesian Estimation (BAYE) method and the Generalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation (GMLE) method. The performances of those methods were analyzed and compared for best fitting the data based on goodness-of-fit tests. It was found that in general, those methods are suitable for the two distributions at the sites considered in Rwanda with slight differences in estimated return levels and their confidence intervals. However, the MLE and LME methods perform better than the other methods for the GEV distributions whereas for the GP distribution it is the BAYE method. Return levels of extreme rainfalls with their 95% confidence intervals were computed for return periods of 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200 years. It was found that using the selected parameterization methods, the GP distribution presents higher return levels than GEV distribution for all stations Those methods can therefore be recommended as best parametric methods for estimating extreme rainfall in Rwanda using EVT.
Transformation of amides to thioamides using efficient and novel thiating reagent
Authors: Fathalla Walid , Anany Gaber El , Ali Ibrahim A. I. , Rayes Samir El 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Convenient protocol was developed for the transformation of N-aryl substituted benzamides to N-aryl substituted benzothioamides using N-isopropyldithiocarbamate isopropyl ammonium salt as a novel thiating reagent. The major advantages of this protocol are one-pot procedure, short reaction times, mild conditions, simple work up, high yields and pure products.
Telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans with systemic involvement: a case report
Authors: Keow Jonathan , Ayoub Abdul Rahman , Chin-Yee Benjamin , Hsia Cyrus , Lai Jonathan , Shepherd Jessica , Robertson Kara 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans (TMEP) is a rare form of cutaneous mastocytosis which usually presents as ill-defined reddish brown telangiectatic macules. Although cutaneous mastocytosis rarely presents with systemic involvement, almost half of patients with TMEP demonstrate systemic mastocytosis. Currently, there is no guidance surrounding systemic testing in patients with TMEP. Case presentation: A 50-year-old Caucasian male was referred to the Clinical Immunology and Allergy clinic with a history of a rash. He initially presented to hospital 12 years prior with group A beta hemolytic streptococcus bacteremia treated with multiple different antibiotics. One week following discharge, he developed erythematous brown spots on his right leg which were flat, non-pruritic and not painful. The rash later expanded to his trunk and extremities. A skin biopsy performed two years prior to referral to our clinic demonstrated telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans. The CD117 immunohistochemical stain showed increased perivascular and interstitial mast cells in the superficial dermis. Darier’s sign was negative on physical examination, and venom testing was also negative. Although he had no symptoms of systemic involvement, a serum tryptase was elevated at 47.6 ng/mL in the context of normal kidney and liver function. A skeletal survey was normal and an abdominal ultrasound ruled-out splenomegaly. Bone marrow biopsy demonstrated a mild increase in paratrabecular and perivascular atypical mast cells, in keeping with systemic mastocytosis.Conclusions: Unlike other forms of cutaneous mastocytosis, patients with TMEP have a high likelihood of an underlying systemic mast cell disorder. Therefore, any patient presenting with characteristic skin findings should be investigated as having a cutaneous manifestation of systemic mastocytosis. This case demonstrates the utility of serum tryptase, and its role in triggering additional investigations and guiding appropriate therapy.
T2-FLAIR Mismatch Sign and Nimotuzumab Therapy in Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas
Authors: Vural Ozge , Yazol Merve , Turkcan Büşra Topuz , Okur Arzu , Börcek Alp Özgün , Pınarlı Faruk Güçlü , Karadeniz Ceyda 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In this study, we retrospectively investigated the clinical and radiological features, the importance of the T2-FLAIR mismatch marker and the response to treatment of patients diagnosed with diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) in our center.
Methods
Eighteen patients treated with a diagnosis of DIPG between January 2008 and January 2021 in Gazi University Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Oncology were retrospectively evaluated. The evaluation was made as T2-FLAIR mismatch sign positive or negative. After a tumor board review, the diagnosis of DIPG was made clinically and radiologically and all patients received local radiotherapy. Nimotuzumab was given as monotherapy or in combination with other medications
Results
Twelve patients had the characteristics T2-FLAIR mismatch sign and median OS for patients with T2-FLAIR mismatch positive and negative were 12.5 months and 9.2 months respectively (p = 0.77). Median PFS for patients with T2-FLAIR mismatch sign positive and negative were 10.6 months and 4.8 months respectively (p = 0.84). After nimotuzumab therapy, there was 4 cases with PR (44.4%), and 1 patient with SD (11.1%). Median OS for patients who were treated with and without nimotuzumab were 16.5 and 6.2 months respectively (p < 0.05). Median PFS for patients who were treated with and without nimotuzumab were 13.3 and 3.7 months respectively (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
In conclusion, DIPGs have poor prognosis, T2-FLAIR mismatch sign may be an imaging marker for prognosis that patients with T2-FLAIR mismatch sign had a somewhat better prognosis in our study. Nimotuzumab therapy may be a promising treatment option for DIPG.
Prediction of volcanic ash concentrations in ash clouds based on an atmospheric transport model and the Japanese meteorological satellite Himawari-8; a case study for the Kirishima-Shinmoedake eruption on April 4th 2018
Authors: Ishii Kensuke , Hayashi Masahiro , Ishimoto Hiroshi , Shimbori Toshiki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Prediction of ash concentrations in volcanic ash clouds for the Kirishima-Shinmoedake eruption on April 4th, 2018 is performed on the basis of an atmospheric transport model and the Japanese meteorological satellite Himawari-8. The retrieval algorithm for Himawari-8 (referred to as the "Optimal Volcanic Ash Algorithm", OVAA) provides two-dimensional properties of volcanic ash clouds such as cloud heights and total column mass loading, whereas it does not provide ash cloud thickness which is required to make an initial condition for the atmospheric transport model. In order to estimate ash cloud thickness, here, a wind shear index is introduced. The wind shear index includes an empirical constant parameter Tc; a small value of Tc leads to thick ash clouds, whereas a large value of Tc leads to thin ash clouds. In this study, the value of Tc is optimized empirically in the following two ways; (1) a comparison between the total column mass loadings in the prediction and that in the OVAA estimation, and (2) a comparison between the estimated ash cloud thickness and the observed ash cloud thickness by lidar measurements. These two comparisons suggest the optimal value of Tc is 0.5-0.6, and then, the uncertainty of the ash clouds thickness estimation to be ~600 [m]. The ash concentrations prediction for Tc=0.6 provides areas of high contamination (>4 [mg/m3]) and low contamination (<2 [mg/m3]). This classification of ash concentration in ash clouds has been required by the aviation industry, and is helpful information to assess safe areas and routes for airline operations.
HPV18-E6 promotes tumor cell migration by down regulating Toll-like receptors in cancer microenvironment
Authors: Zhou Fangyan , Lu Yuwen , Wu Jianming , Xu Yunsheng , Chen Shisheng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: To explore the underlying mechanism of the regulatory effect of HPV-associated cancer cells on immune cells of the cervical cancer microenvironment. Methods: Immature dendritic cells (imDCs) were obtained from primary mouse bone marrow cells, which were induced in 500 ng/mL LPS for 18 h to get mature dendritic cells (mDCs). DCs were then identified by measuring CD11c, CD80 and CD86 by flow cytometry. Protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 in imDCs and mDCs were examined by Western blot. H8 cells transfected with shHPV18-E6 or Hela cells transfected with HPV18-E6 siRNA were co-cultured with mDCs for 24 h, followed by protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7, cell apoptosis and migration. Results: Protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 were significantly higher in mDCs than in imDCs. A higher migratory rate and higher protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 were detected in H8 cells transfected with shHPV18-E6 co-cultured with mDCs than those of controls; While the opposite results were detected in Hela cells transfected with HPV18-E6 siRNA that were co-cultured with mDCs. Conclusion: TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 are upregulated in mDCs. HPV18-E6 mediates immune cells in the cervical cancer microenvironment via regulating Toll-like receptors (TLRs), thereby achieving immune escape and promoting the migration of cervical cancer cells.
Probing Chirality of Crystals using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy
Authors: Otis Gil , Aias Denial , Grinberg Ilya , Ruthstein Sharon , Mastai Yitzhak 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
One of the most challenging tasks in analytical chemistry is the determination of the chirality (identification of an enantio-meric composition) in solids mainly because of the strict requirements of the pharmaceutical industry for enantiomerically pure drugs. Although there are a few methods available to accomplish enantio-differentiation in solids, for example: X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), CD spectroscopy, and low-frequency (LF) Raman spectroscopy, this is still very challenging. In this work, we have developed a new method to measure the chirality of crystals, based on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of chiral crystals doped with Cu2+ as the EPR active ion. Here, we demonstrate our approach using a model system of L- and DL-Histidine crystals doped with Cu2+. We show that EPR measurements of the Cu2+-doped Histidine crystals can accurately determine the chirality and enantiomeric composition of the crystals. We present a very preliminary example of this technique, and we hope that in the future it will be possible to refine and develop this method for many other chiral organic crystal systems.
The prevalence and the quality of spirometry and the impact of spirometry training in Hunan,China
Authors: Dai Zhongshang , Jiang Fen , Cao Jun , Cai Shan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Despite the lack of data, it is believed that spirometry is underutilized in general practice. The aim of the present study was to explore the quality of spirometry and the impact of education on it by investigating the distribution and utilization of spirometry among different levels of public hospitals ( PHs ) in Hunan, south of China.
Methods
Research assistants interviewed all PHs to confirm the situation of spirometry ownership, use and training. Then collected 20 consecutive reports of pulmonary ventilation test reports (PVTRs) and basal information of those PHs which owned spirometry. To measure the effect of education, 28 randomly selected 2nd level PHs randomized to intervention and control group ( 14:14 ). One technicians was randomly selected to participate from each hospitals. Intervention group received one-day education which included face-to-face lectures and a hand-by-hand operation training course, control group received usual care. PVTRs were investigated 3 months after the intervention. All PVTRs were classified to grade A, B, C, D and F according to the Chinese PVT guidelines.
Results
We received 460 responses from 460 PHs with a recovery rate of 100%. The spirometry-equipped ratio was 1.6% (2/129) at 1st level, 39.0% (105/269) at 2nd level, 100.0% (62/62) at 3rd level PHs in Hunan. There were 100.0% (2/2), 91.4% (96/105) and 93.5% (58/62) utilization rate at 1st, 2nd and 3rd level PHs. Common reasons for not owning a spirometer were equipment cost (45%) and insufficient remuneration (38%). Lack of knowledge about spirometry (35%) and inadequate benefits (30%) were the top two reasons for low utilization rate. We received 3120 PVTRs from 156 PHs which used spirometry, a total of 50.4% (1574/3120) PVTRs got grade A, in which 33.3% (639/1920) at 2nd level PHs, and 79.1% (917/1160) at 3rd level PHs. Meanwhile a total of 27.6% (862/3120) PVTRs were judged as unreliable, in which 38.8% (745/1920) at 2nd level PHs, 8.7% (101/1160) at 3rd level PHs. Formal spirometry training wasn’t ever received through courses run by official organizations at 1st and 2nd level PHs. The technicians’ knowledge improved after education (8.6 ± 1.1 vs 9.8 ± 0.6) (P = 0.000). And 75.0% PVTRs got A grade in the intervention group, which was significantly higher than those in the control group ( 37.9%, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The equipment ratio and the utilization rate of spirometry is still low and imbalanced among three levels PHs in Hunan. The quality of spirometry performed did not generally satisfy full acceptability and reproducibility criteria of Chinese guidelines. Educational program was useful to improve the quality of spirometry. This study serve to emphasize reasonable resources allocation and more comprehensive training in spirometry is needed in China.
Photodimerization Induced Hierarchical and Asymmetric Iontronic Micropatterns
Authors: Wang Zehong , Li Tiantian , Chen Yixiang , Li Jin , Ma Xiaodong , Yin Jie , Jiang Xuesong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Micropatterning various ions-based modality materials offers compelling advantages for their functionality enhancement in iontronic pressure sensing, piezoionic mechanoreception, and skin-interfaced electrode adhesion. However, most existing patterning techniques for iontronic materials suffer from low flexibility and limited modulation capability. Herein, we propose a facile and robust method to fabricate hierarchical and asymmetrical iontronic micropatterns (denoted as HAIM) through programmed regulation of the internal stress distribution and the local ionic migration among an iontronic host. The resultant primary patterns and secondary wrinkles with arbitrary regulated morphology and region-dependent ionic electrical performance can be readily made upon iontronic host via localized photodimerization of anthracene-functionalized ionic liquid copolymer (denoted as An-PIL) and subsequently vapor oxidative polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT). By controlling the local secretion of room temperature ionic liquid (denoted as IL) droplets and subsequently doping into the resultant PEDOT, it was possible to modulate the surface conductivity as well as the potential gradients of the HAIM. Taking the spatiotemporal advantages of light, heat, and vapor, the morphology and electrical performance of HAIM can be modulated by programmed exposure with photomask and polymerization time. Besides, based on the piezoionic effect within the resultant IL-doped PEDOT, the HAIM can serve as a scalable iontronic potential generator. The successful synthesis of these fascinating micropatterns may provide new insights into the development of patterned iontronic materials in a flexible, programmable, and functionally adaptive form.
Experiences of activity monitoring and perceptions of mobile Health among working individuals with hip and knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Östlind Elin , Hansson Eva , Eek Frida , Stigmar Kjerstin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Mobile health and wearable activity trackers (WATs) could support physical activity (PA) in individuals with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), but little is described regarding experiences and perceptions of digital support and the use of WAT to self-monitor PA. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the experiences of using a WAT to monitor PA and the general perceptions of digital support in OA care among individuals of working age with hip and knee OA. Methods We did a focus group study where individuals with hip and knee OA (n=18) were recruited from the intervention group in a cluster-randomized controlled trial (C-RCT). The intervention in the C-RCT comprised of 12-weeks use of a WAT with a mobile application to monitor PA in addition to participating in a supported osteoarthritis self-management program. In this study, three focus group discussions were conducted. The discussions were transcribed and qualitive content analysis with an inductive approach was applied.Results The analysis resulted in two main categories: A WAT may aid in optimization of PA, but is not a panacea with subcategories WATs facilitate PA; Increased awareness of one’s limitations and WATs are not always encouraging, and the second main category was Digital support is an appreciated part of OA care with subcategories Individualized, early and continuous support; Physiotherapy is essential but needs to be modernized and Easy, comprehensive, and reliable digital support. Conclusion WATs may facilitate PA but also aid individuals with OA to find the optimal level of activity to avoid increased pain. Digital support in OA care was appreciated, particularly as a part of traditional care with physical visits. The participants expressed that the digital support should be easy, comprehensive, early, and continuous.
Choosing the right tool: Leveraging of plant genetic resources in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) benefits from selection of a suitable genomic prediction model
Authors: Berkner Marcel O. , Schulthess Albert W. , Zhao Yusheng , Jiang Yong , Oppermann Markus , Reif Jochen C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and other species of the Triticum genus are well represented in genebank collections worldwide. The large genetic diversity harbored by more than 850,000 accessions can be explored for the exploitation in modern breeding programs. Shortcomings in the characterization of accession which limit their use so far might be overcome by engaging genomic prediction. The present report aimed to compare ten different genomic prediction approaches for the prediction of four traits, namely flowering time, plant height, thousand grain weight, and yellow rust resistance, in a diverse set of 7,745 accession samples from Germany’s Federal ex situ genebank at IPK Gatersleben. Approaches were evaluated based on the prediction ability and for the robustness when facing strong population structure. The authors propose the wide application of EG-BLUP due to the observed benefit of incorporating additive-by-additive epistasis. Accounting for subpopulation-specific marker-effects with GSA-RRBLUP was shown to be a good option if contrasting clusters are encountered in the analyzed collection. In general, the trait’s genetic architecture as well as the composition and the relation of training set and test set were revealed as major driving factor in genomic prediction.
A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness: effects on university students’ mental health
Authors: Gallo Giovana Gonçalves , Curado Daniela Fernandez , Machado Mayra Pires Alves , Espíndola Marília Ignácio , Scattone Vitor Villar , Noto Ana Regina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The development of mental health disorders is common in the university population, and mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) seem to be effective in addressing them in different contexts. Thus, this study investigated the impact of MBIs on different symptoms related to mental health problems. University students (n = 136) were randomized into MBI group or wait-list group. All participants completed self-administered questionnaires before and after the intervention, and the experimental group answered questionnaires every week during intervention. Generalized mixed models were used to assess the effects of the intervention, which were improvements in symptoms of stress (B = 5.76,p < 0.001), depression (B = 1.55,p < 0.01) and insomnia (B = 1.35,p = 0.020). No effect was found in respect of trait anxiety. The MBI was found to be effective in reducing important symptoms related to university students’ mental health, grounding the use of this intervention to improve it, and suggesting that it may be used to prevent the development of mental disorders.