bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The physics potential of a reactor neutrino experiment with Skipper-CCDs: searching for new physics with light mediators
Authors: Fernandez-Moroni G. , Harnik R. , Machado P. A. N. , Martinez-Soler I. , Perez-Gonzalez Y. F. , Rodrigues D. , Rosauro-Alcaraz S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We explore the sensitivity to new physics of the recently proposed vIOLETA experiment: a 10 kg Skipper Charged Coupled Device detector deployed 12 meters away from a commercial nuclear reactor core. We investigate two broad classes of models which benefit from the very low energy recoil threshold of these detectors, namely neutrino magnetic moments and light mediators coupled to neutrinos and quarks or electrons. We find that this experimental setup is very sensitive to light, weakly coupled new physics, and in particular that it could probe potential explanations of the event excess observed in XENON1T. We also provide a detailed study on the dependence of the sensitivity on the experimental setup assumptions and on the neutrino flux systematic uncertainties.
Inside anisotropic black hole with vector hair
Authors: Cai Rong-Gen , Ge Chenghu , Li Li , Yang Run-Qiu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe study the internal structure of anisotropic black holes with charged vector hairs. Taking advantage of the scaling symmetries of the system, some radially conserved charges are found via the extension of the Noether theorem. Then, a general proof of no inner horizon of these black holes is presented and the geometry ends at a spacelike singularity. Before reaching the singularity, we find several intermediate regimes both analytically and numerically. In addition to the Einstein-Rosen bridge contracting towards the singularity, the instability triggered by the vector hair results in the oscillations of vector condensate and the anisotropy of spatial geometry. Moreover, the latter oscillates at twice the frequency of the condensate. Then, the geometry enters into Kasner epochs with spatial anisotropy. Due to the effects from vector condensate and U(1) gauge potential, there is generically a never-ending alternation of Kasner epochs towards the singularity. The character of evolution on approaching the singularity is found to be described by the Kasner epoch alternation with flipping of powers of the Belinskii-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz type.
Five-dimensional path integrals for six-dimensional conformal field theories
Authors: Lambert N. , Lipstein A. , Mouland R. , Richmond P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper we derive Ward-Takahashi identities from the path integral of supersymmetric five-dimensional field theories with an SU(1, 3) spacetime symmetry in the presence of instantons. We explicitly show how SU(1, 3) is enhanced to SU(1,3)×U(1) where the additional U(1) acts non-perturbatively. Solutions to such Ward-Takahashi identities were previously obtained from correlators of six-dimensional Lorentzian conformal field theories but where the instanton number was replaced by the momentum along a null direction. Here we study the reverse procedure whereby we construct correlation functions out of towers of five-dimensional operators which satisfy the Ward-Takahashi identities of a six-dimensional conformal field theory. This paves the way to computing observables in six dimensions using five-dimensional path integral techniques. We also argue that, once the instanton sector is included into the path integral, the coupling of the five-dimensional Lagrangian must be quantised, leaving no free continuous parameters.
Erfahrungen mit der digitalen Versorgung von Patienten mit chronischen und akuten Lungenerkrankungen während der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie
Authors: Braun Marcel , Schmidt Olaf , Schultz Thomas , Woehrle Holger , Sundrup Martina Große , Schöbel Christoph 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das Management von Patienten mit respiratorischen Erkrankungen ist seit Beginn der Severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)-Pandemie durch Maßnahmen zur Infektionsprävention teilweise erschwert. Um die Versorgung zu gewährleisten, wurde ein digitales Versorgungsprogramm implementiert, mit dem Krankheitsverläufe von Patienten per Smartphone-App und Bluetooth-Spirometer überwacht werden können.

Zielsetzung
Ermittlung der Erfahrungen von Patienten und Ärzten mit der digitalen Versorgung.

Material und Methoden
Zur Analyse der Erfahrungen wurden strukturierte Fragebögen entwickelt, mit denen verschiedene Dimensionen aus Sicht von Patienten und Ärzten bewertet wurden. Nutzung und Interaktion wurden quantitativ erfasst.

Ergebnisse
In das Programm wurden 745 Patienten mit Asthma, chronisch-obstruktiver Lungenerkrankung, Zustand nach „coronavirus disease 2019“ (COVID-19) sowie anderen Lungenerkrankungen eingeschlossen. Im mittleren Nachsorgezeitraum von 49,4 ± 12,6 Wochen erfolgten durchschnittlich 289 Messungen. Aus Patientenperspektive wurde das digitale Programm positiv bewertet: Die höchste Bewertung wurde für „Erfahrung mit der häuslichen Messung“ ermittelt (1,4 ± 0,5; 99 % positiv), gefolgt von „Kommunikation/Interaktion“ (1,8 ± 0,9; 83 % positiv). Ein Anteil von 70 % gab eine subjektive Verbesserung der Lebensqualität durch die Teilnahme am Programm an. Die Bewertung durch die Ärzte war mit einer mittleren Bewertung von 2,2 ± 1,2 ebenfalls positiv.

Schlussfolgerung
Das App-basierte digitale Versorgungsprogramm konnte sinnvoll in die Routineversorgung während der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie integriert werden und hat das Potenzial, die Versorgung auch darüber hinaus zu unterstützen. Patientenrelevante Erfahrungen sind in allen Dimensionen positiv und die digitale Versorgung wurde gut akzeptiert. Vonseiten der teilnehmenden Ärzte wird das Programm positiv bewertet, was sich an der hohen Interaktion mit der Plattform und den positiven Bewertungen der Effekte zeigt.
Identification and fine mapping of a major QTL (qRtsc8-1) conferring resistance to maize tar spot complex and validation of production markers in breeding lines
Authors: Ren Jiaojiao , Wu Penghao , Huestis Gordon M. , Zhang Ao , Qu Jingtao , Liu Yubo , Zheng Hongjian , Alakonya Amos E. , Dhliwayo Thanda , Olsen Michael , San Vicente Felix , Prasanna Boddupalli M. , Chen Jiafa , Zhang Xuecai 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Key message
A major QTL of qRtsc8-1 conferring TSC resistance was identified and fine mapped to a 721 kb region on chromosome 8 at 81 Mb, and production markers were validated in breeding lines.

Abstract
Tar spot complex (TSC) is a major foliar disease of maize in many Central and Latin American countries and leads to severe yield loss. To dissect the genetic architecture of TSC resistance, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) panel and a bi-parental doubled haploid population were used for GWAS and selective genotyping analysis, respectively. A total of 115 SNPs in bin 8.03 were detected by GWAS and three QTL in bins 6.05, 6.07, and 8.03 were detected by selective genotyping. The major QTL qRtsc8-1 located in bin 8.03 was detected by both analyses, and it explained 14.97% of the phenotypic variance. To fine map qRtsc8-1, the recombinant-derived progeny test was implemented. Recombinations in each generation were backcrossed, and the backcross progenies were genotyped with Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers and phenotyped for TSC resistance individually. The significant tests for comparing the TSC resistance between the two classes of progenies with and without resistant alleles were used for fine mapping. In BC5 generation, qRtsc8-1 was fine mapped in an interval of  ~ 721 kb flanked by markers of KASP81160138 and KASP81881276. In this interval, the candidate genes GRMZM2G063511 and GRMZM2G073884 were identified, which encode an integral membrane protein-like and a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase, respectively. Both genes are involved in maize disease resistance responses. Two production markers KASP81160138 and KASP81160155 were verified in 471 breeding lines. This study provides valuable information for cloning the resistance gene, and it will also facilitate the routine implementation of marker-assisted selection in the breeding pipeline for improving TSC resistance.
Keeping the organization in the loop: a socio-technical extension of human-centered artificial intelligence
Authors: Herrmann Thomas , Pfeiffer Sabine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe human-centered AI approach posits a future in which the work done by humans and machines will become ever more interactive and integrated. This article takes human-centered AI one step further. It argues that the integration of human and machine intelligence is achievable only if human organizations—not just individual human workers—are kept “in the loop.” We support this argument with evidence of two case studies in the area of predictive maintenance, by which we show how organizational practices are needed and shape the use of AI/ML. Specifically, organizational processes and outputs such as decision-making workflows, etc. directly influence how AI/ML affects the workplace, and they are crucial for answering our first and second research questions, which address the pre-conditions for keeping humans in the loop and for supporting continuous and reliable functioning of AI-based socio-technical processes. From the empirical cases, we extrapolate a concept of “keeping the organization in the loop” that integrates four different kinds of loops: AI use, AI customization, AI-supported original tasks, and taking contextual changes into account. The analysis culminates in a systematic framework of keeping the organization in the loop look based on interacting organizational practices.
A stabilized finite element method for inverse problems subject to the convection–diffusion equation. II: convection-dominated regime
Authors: Burman Erik , Nechita Mihai , Oksanen Lauri 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe consider the numerical approximation of the ill-posed data assimilation problem for stationary convection–diffusion equations and extend our previous analysis in Burman et al. (Numer. Math. 144:451–477, 2020) to the convection-dominated regime. Slightly adjusting the stabilized finite element method proposed for dominant diffusion, we draw upon a local error analysis to obtain quasi-optimal convergence along the characteristics of the convective field through the data set. The weight function multiplying the discrete solution is taken to be Lipschitz continuous and a corresponding super approximation result (discrete commutator property) is proven. The effect of data perturbations is included in the analysis and we conclude the paper with some numerical experiments.
CARL – kontrollierte Reperfusion des ganzen Körpers
Authors: Benk C , Trummer G , Pooth J.-S. , Scherer C. , Beyersdorf F 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Inzidenz und Letalität des akuten Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstands sind seit Jahrzehnten gleichbleibend hoch.

Fragestellung
Wie lassen sich die derzeit unbefriedigenden Ergebnisse nach einer Reanimation mit Blick auf das Überleben und die neurologischen, v. a. mit Blick auf die zerebralen Folgeschäden verbessern?

Material und Methoden
Entwicklung eines therapeutischen Verfahrens zur Eindämmung des Ischämie‑/Reperfusionsschadens im Tiermodell. Entwicklung eines für die Reanimation optimierten Gerätesystems, mit dem sich eine kontrollierte Ganzkörperreperfusion auch außerklinisch umsetzen lässt.

Ergebnisse
Etablierung der CARL-Therapie in der Klinik und in der Behandlung von OHCA-Patienten. Übernahme der Therapie und des CARL-Systems in eine klinische Beobachtungsstudie. Erste Fallberichte, in denen Patienten einen OHCA auch nach Ischämiezeiten bis zu 2 h ohne Schädigung des Gehirns überlebten.

Schlussfolgerungen
Die CARL-Therapie eignet sich potenziell zur Behandlung reanimationspflichtiger Patienten mit einem auch über längere Zeit therapierefraktären Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand.
Changes in acute and trauma hand surgery in the first Covid-19 lockdown in a German trauma center: a retrospective analysis of 338 cases
Authors: Klietz Marie-Luise , Aitzetmüller Matthias M. , Glasbrenner Johannes , Raschke Michael J. , Langer Martin F. , Oeckenpöhler Simon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Although Covid-19 and especially lockdown periods have affected our everyday live, its impact on hand traumatology is under investigated.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively analyzed all patients presenting at a FESSH accredited HTRC and level 1 trauma center in Germany during the Covid-19 lockdown period and an equivalent timeframe in 2019 regarding incidence of hand trauma, injury mechanism, type of injury and hand surgeries.

Results
338 patients presented at our department with acute hand injuries. A significant reduction of work-related accidents was found during lockdown contrary to an increase of do-it-yourself related trauma. Although the incidence of hand trauma decreased during lockdown by 18%, the rate of hand surgery increased in absolute and relative numbers.

Conclusions
Although Covid-19 has negatively impacting elective and semi-elective surgeries, acute hand surgery has gained in importance represented by a shift from work related to do-it-yourself trauma and an increased rate of surgical treatment.

Level of evidence
IV (therapeutic).
Tasks activating the default mode network map multiple functional systems
Authors: Mancuso Lorenzo , Cavuoti-Cabanillas Sara , Liloia Donato , Manuello Jordi , Buzi Giulia , Cauda Franco , Costa Tommaso 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecent developments in network neuroscience suggest reconsidering what we thought we knew about the default mode network (DMN). Although this network has always been seen as unitary and associated with the resting state, a new deconstructive line of research is pointing out that the DMN could be divided into multiple subsystems supporting different functions. By now, it is well known that the DMN is not only deactivated by tasks, but also involved in affective, mnestic, and social paradigms, among others. Nonetheless, it is starting to become clear that the array of activities in which it is involved, might also be extended to more extrinsic functions. The present meta-analytic study is meant to push this boundary a bit further. The BrainMap database was searched for all experimental paradigms activating the DMN, and their activation likelihood estimation maps were then computed. An additional map of task-induced deactivations was also created. A multidimensional scaling indicated that such maps could be arranged along an anatomo-psychological gradient, which goes from midline core activations, associated with the most internal functions, to that of lateral cortices, involved in more external tasks. Further multivariate investigations suggested that such extrinsic mode is especially related to reward, semantic, and emotional functions. However, an important finding was that the various activation maps were often different from the canonical representation of the resting-state DMN, sometimes overlapping with it only in some peripheral nodes, and including external regions such as the insula. Altogether, our findings suggest that the intrinsic–extrinsic opposition may be better understood in the form of a continuous scale, rather than a dichotomy.
Improvements to gearbox acoustics via thrust collars
Authors: Heinrich Christian , Lohrengel Armin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThrust collars relieve the gearbox housing of the axial force and tilting moments generated by helical gears. The different transfer path also reduces the vibration excitation of the housing due to meshing, which could lead to improved acoustics. This paper presents measurements of noise level reduction of an experimental gearbox. A gearbox dynamics simulation model is used to investigate the effects resulting from the inclusion of thrust collars.
Nationwide registry for patients with neuroendocrine neoplasm of pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, bronchi, or thymus in Japan
Authors: Masui Toshihiko , Ito Tetsuhide , Komoto Izumi , Kojima Shinsuke , Kasai Yosuke , Tanabe Minoru , Hara Kazuo , Hirano Satoshi , Okusaka Takuji , Ichikawa Yasushi , Kinugasa Yusuke , Kokudo Norihiro , Kudo Atsushi , Sakurai Akihiro , Sugihara Kenichi , Date Hiroshi , Haruma Ken , Hijioka Susumu , Hirata Koichi , Yamano Hiroo , Sakamine Motohiro , Kikuchi Takashi , Fukushima Masanori , Imamura Masayuki , Uemoto Shinji 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) is a comparatively rare tumor that has been considered indolent. Due to these characteristics, detailed epidemiological data have not been analyzed in Japan. To elucidate the present status of NEN diagnosis and treatment in Japan, we started a registry cohort study in January 2015.

Methods
Patients pathologically diagnosed with NENs of the pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, bronchi, or thymus after January 2012 were enrolled in this registry after the date of ethics review committee approval in each hospital or institute. Follow-up was continued for enrolled patients.

Results
During 5 years of enrollment between January 2015 and December 2019, a total of 1526 participants from 63 departments were enrolled in this registry (mean, 305.2 participants/year), covering approximately 5.8% of the annual incidence of NENs in Japan. For pancreatic NEN, 41.9% of patients had metastasis and the dominant metastatic site was the liver, at twice the rate of lymph node metastasis in the current registry. In contrast, the frequency of lymph node metastasis from gastrointestinal (GI)-NEN was similar to that of the liver. The distribution of WHO 2019-based grades varied according to the primary site. Low-to-intermediate grade (G1–G2) was dominant for duodenal, jejunal/ileal, rectal, and pancreatic NENs, whereas high grade (G3 or NEC) was dominant for esophageal, stomach, and colon NENs. For PanNENs, G3 and NEC accounted only for 1.6% and 2.9%, respectively.

Conclusions
These cohort data provide crucial information for clinical research to clarify the characteristics of NENs in Japan.
Right atrial appendage: an important structure to drive atrial fibrillation
Authors: Liu Yang , Song Ziliang , Jiang Weifeng , Wu Shaohui , Liu Xu , Qin Mu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Understanding of the atrial fibrillation (AF) driven by right atrial appendage (RAA) is limited. This study aimed to understand the characteristics of the AF driven by RAA and explore ablation methods.

Methods
This was a retrospective study and patients who were identified as having the AF driven by RAA were reviewed. Ablation was performed during AF. Potential maps of the left and right atrium, electrophysiological examinations, and ablation methods were studied.

Results
Among the 20 identified patients (mean age 67.0 ± 11.2 years; ejection fraction 62.9 ± 6.0%; LA diameter 43.1 ± 4.9 mm; RA diameter 51.7 ± 8.3 × 42.9 ± 3.7 mm), the AF cycle length in RAA (134.0 ± 10.9 ms) was the shortest, and the fastest frequency potentials were located in the RAA in 65% of patients. For the left atrium, the AF cycle length of the roof (145.5 ± 14.9 ms) was the shortest, followed by the left atrial appendage (153.7 ± 17.1 ms) and bottom (154.8 ± 11.8 ms). High-frequency potentials of RAA could be rapidly conducted to left atrium via sagittal bundle and Bachmann’s bundle, and the conduction time (55.0 ± 5.0 ms) was significantly shorter than the mean bi-atrial activation time (176.7 ± 10.3 ms, P < 0.0001). AF could be terminated after ablation at the RAA base (17 patients) or mechanical stimulation within the RAA (3 patients). To date, only two patients had recurrent atrial flutter, while the remaining patients maintained sinus rhythm.

Conclusion
The AF driven by RAA is characterized by high-frequency potentials in RAA, and ablation at the RAA base can achieve a satisfactory therapeutic effect.
Condors in space: an individual-based population model for California condor reintroduction planning
Authors: D’Elia Jesse , Schumaker Nathan H. , Marcot Bruce G. , Miewald Thomas , Watkins Sydney , Yanahan Alan D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractContextExisting demographic models of California condors have not simultaneously considered individual condor movement paths, the distribution and juxtaposition of release sites, habitat components, or the spatial distribution of threats.ObjectivesOur objectives were to develop a dynamic spatially explicit and individual-based model (IBM) of California condor demography and to evaluate its ability to replicate empirical data on demography and distribution from California (1995–2019).MethodsWe built a female-only spatially explicit California condor IBM in HexSim, using a daily timestep that allowed us to simulate the foraging behavior of condors, changes in food distribution and availability, and the ephemeral threat of lead in decaying food resources.ResultsSimulated population size was highly correlated with annual population census data once the population became established with > 50 females (r2 = 0.99). Mean simulated fecundity and mortality estimates were not significantly different from empirical trends (p > 0.05), although empirical data had higher interannual variability. The geographic distribution of modeled condors was similar to the empirical distribution with an overall accuracy of 79%, a commission error of 27%, and an omission error of 9%. Simulated movement density corresponded moderately well to the density of observed GPS locations (weighted kappa = 0.44).ConclusionsWe developed a spatially explicit California condor IBM that is well-calibrated to empirical data from California. Given its mechanistic underpinnings and flexibility to incorporate a variety of spatial and demographic inputs, we expect our model to be useful for assessing the relative risks and benefits of future condor reintroduction and management scenarios.
Commute distance and jobs-housing fit
Authors: Blumenberg Evelyn , Siddiq Fariba 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAnecdotal evidence suggests that the affordable housing crisis is forcing households to seek lower cost housing in the outer reaches of major metropolitan areas, helping to explain recent increases in commute distance. To test this relationship, we use spatial regression to examine the relationship between the availability of affordable housing in close proximity to jobs (jobs-housing fit) and commute distance in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. The analysis draws on 2015 Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) Origin–Destination Employment Statistics (LODES) by workplace supplemented with data from the 2013–2017 5-Year American Community Survey on affordable housing units. We find substantial variation in jobs-housing fit across Los Angeles neighborhoods. The imbalance is greatest in higher-income neighborhoods located along the coast and in Orange County, south of Los Angeles. Controlling for other determinants of commute distance, a higher ratio of jobs to affordable housing is associated with longer distance commutes. To address growing commute distances, policymakers must greatly expand and protect the supply of long-term rental housing particularly in job-rich neighborhoods.