bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer-Aided Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Comparative Analysis of Breast Imaging Modalities and Mammogram Repositories
Authors: Oza Parita , Sharma Paawan , Patel Samir , Kumar Pankaj 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:The accurate assessment or diagnosis of breast cancer depends on image acquisition and image analysis and interpretation. The accurate assessment or diagnosis of breast cancer depends on image acquisition and image analysis and interpretation. The expert radiologist makes image interpretation, and this process has been greatly benefited by computer technology. For image acquisition, various imaging modalities have been developed and used over the years. This research examines several imaging modalities and their associated benefits and drawbacks. Commonly used parameters such as sensitivity and specificity are also offered to evaluate the usefulness of different imaging modalities. The main focus of the research is on mammograms. Despite the availability of breast cancer datasets of imaging modalities such as MRI, ultrasounds, and thermograms, mammogram datasets are used mainly by the domain researcher. They are considered an international gold standard for the early detection of breast cancer. We discussed and analyzed widely used and publicly available mammogram repositories. We further discussed some common key constraints related to mammogram datasets to develop the deep learning based computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) systems for breast cancer. The ideas for their improvements have also been presented.
In vitro and In silico Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities of 3-Aryl-2-
thioxo-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one Derivatives
Authors: Gul Afshan , Saad Syed Muhammad , Zafar Humaira , Atia-tul-Wahab  , Khan Khalid Mohammed , Choudhary M. Iqbal 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Hyperuricemia is associated with several disease conditions, such as atherosclerosis,
arthritis, kidney stones, and many others. Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an enzyme that catalyzes
the conversion of xanthine to uric acid. Hence, XO is a major therapeutic drug target in the
treatment of hyperuricemia and associated disorders.

Objectives:
The current study aimed to identify XO inhibitors based on quinazoline derivatives, with
the potential to be used against gout and other hyperuricemia-associated diseases.

Methods:
In the current study, eighteen quinazoline derivatives 2-19 were synthesized and assessed
for their in vitro xanthine Oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. Furthermore, the most active compounds,
5 and 17, were subjected to kinetics studies, followed by computational docking. Human BJ
fibroblast cells were used to measure the cytotoxicity of active compounds.

Results:
Compounds 4-6, 8, 10, 13, 15-17, and 19 were found active against XO, with an IC50 values
between 33.688 to 362.173μM. The obtained results showed that compounds 5 and 17 possess a significant
xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. The kinetics and molecular docking studies suggested
that compounds 5 (IC50 = 39.904 ± 0.21 μM) and 17 (IC50 = 33.688 ± 0.30 μM) bind in the allosteric
site of XO and exhibit a non-competitive type of inhibition. The molecular docking studies also predicted
that the NH group of the pyrimidine ring binds with Ser344 residues of XO. Furthermore, all
active compounds were non-cytotoxic on the human BJ fibroblasts cell line.

Conclusion:
This study identifies a series of quinazoline compounds as xanthine oxidase inhibitors,
with the potential to be further investigated.
Novel Caffeic Acid - Zinc Acetate Complex: Studies on Promising Antidiabetic
and Antioxidative Synergism Through Complexation
Authors: Chukwuma Chika I. , Matowane Godfrey R. , Ramorobi Limpho M. , Mashele Samson S. , Bonnet Susanna L. , Noreljaleel Anwar E.M. , Swain Shasank S. , Makhafola Tshepiso J. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The role of Zn(II) in storage, insulin secretion and function has been documented,
while plant phenolics have antioxidant and other pharmacological credence.

Objective:
The study aimed at synthesizing a novel medicinal Zn(II) complex. The medicinal properties
of zinc(II) and caffeic acid were considered in synthesizing a novel complex with promising
and improved antioxidant and anti-hyperglycaemic attributes.

Methods:
Complex synthesis was done using a 1:2 molar ratio of zinc acetate and caffeic acid and
structurally characterized using NMR, FT-IR, high resolution-mass spectroscopy and HPLC. Its cellular
toxicity was assessed in Chang liver cells and L-myotubes. In vitro, cellular, and isolated tissue
models were used to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-hyperglycaemic properties of the complex
relative to its precursors. Molecular docking was used to investigate the interaction with insulin signalling
target proteins: GLUT-4 and protein kinase B (Akt/PKB).

Results:
Zinc(II) and caffeic acid interacted via Zn:O4 coordination, with the complex having one
moiety of Zn(II) and 2 moieties of caffeic acid. The complex showed in vitro radical scavenging, α-
glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity up to 2.6 folds stronger than caffeic acid. The ability
to inhibit lipid peroxidation (IC50 = 26.4 μM) and GSH depletion (IC50 = 16.8 μM) in hepatocytes
was comparable to that of ascorbic acid (IC50 = 24.5 and 29.2 μM) and about 2 folds stronger than
caffeic acid. Complexation improved glucose uptake activity of caffeic acid in L-6 myotubes (EC50
= 23.4 versus 169 μM) and isolated rat muscle tissues (EC50 = 339 versus 603 μM). Molecular docking
showed better interaction with insulin signalling target proteins (GLUT-4 and Akt/PKB) than
caffeic acid. The complex was not hepatotoxic or myotoxic.

Conclusion:
Data suggest a synergistic antioxidant and anti-hyperglycaemic potential between zinc
and caffeic acid, which could be attributed to the Zn:O4 coordination. Thus, it may be of medicinal
relevance.
Review on Analytical Methodologies, Chemical and Therapeutic Perspectives
of Curcumin: A Ubiquitous Natural Molecule
Authors: Shah Umang kumar , Patel Deep , Dalsania Drashti , Patel Mehul , Patel Meghana , Patel Ashish , Solanki Nilay , Patel Swayamprakash , Patel Samir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Curcumin is a lipophilic polyphenolic yellow compound extracted from Curcuma longa
Linn. (turmeric) rhizome with a broad spectrum of pharmacological and medicinal properties
as propounded by several in vivo, in vitro, and clinical studies. Considerable research over the
past century has been extensively carried out on chemical, biological, and analytical perspectives
of curcumin. Nowadays, curcumin is widely used in food and pharmaceutical formulations due to
its excellent health benefits. Therefore, characterization and quantification of curcuminoids in
nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals are required to measure their quality control parameters to address
issues related to processing and storage. This review article specifies the current exploration
of analytical methodologies used to extract and quantify curcuminoids in different matrices.
Moreover, this review offers phytochemistry, synthetic and biosynthetic pathways, extraction
methodologies, degradation and metabolism pathways, and health benefits of the curcumin scurrying
from the kitchen shelf toward the clinic.
Comorbidities in Corneal Refractive Surgery Candidates: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Upaphong Phit , Tananuvat Napaporn , Ausayakhun Somsanguan , Chaidaroon Winai , Tangmonkongvoragul Chulaluck , Niparugs Muanploy 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Individuals with refractive errors sometimes have other associated ocular and systemic abnormalities.

Objectives:
To explore ocular and systemic comorbidities in Corneal Refractive Surgery (CRS) candidates and to examine any contraindications for CRS.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study. Medical records of individuals who underwent a refractive surgery screening at Chiang Mai University LASIK Center, Chiang Mai, Thailand, were reviewed. All clinical data of the initial visit were evaluated. Eyes with a history of CRS and phototherapeutic keratectomy were excluded.

Results:
A total of 1,167 cases (2,334 eyes) were recruited, out of which 643 cases were females (55.09%). Myopia was the most common type of refractive error (2,120 eyes, 90.83%), and 868 (40.94%) eyes had high myopia. Approximately 45% (n=526) of the cases had worn contact lenses. The five most common ocular comorbidities (eyes, proportion) included keratoconus suspect (297, 12.72%), cataract (246, 10.53%), dry eye/probable dry eye (208, 8.91%), glaucoma suspect (184, 7.88%), and amblyopia (149, 6.38%). The most common systemic conditions that affected choices or outcomes of CRS were hypertrophic scar/keloid (169 cases, 14.48%) followed by allergy/asthma (127 cases, 10.88%). A total of 1,028 eyes (44.04%) were excluded from CRS, mainly due to abnormal corneal topography (470/1,028 eyes, 45.72%).

Conclusion:
Most refractive candidates were myopic and contact lens wearers. Serious ocular sequelae from myopia and contact lens use were not uncommon. Additionally, systemic diseases regularly affected the CRS options. The most common contraindication for CRS was abnormal corneal topography. Our study, thus, emphasizes the need for thorough ocular and systemic screenings of refractive candidates.
The Therapeutic Activities of Metformin: Focus on the Nrf2 Signaling
Pathway and Oxidative Stress Amelioration
Authors: Bazmandegan Gholamreza , Zamanian Mohammad Yassin , Giménez-Llort Lydia , Nikbakhtzadeh Marjan , Kamiab Zahra , Heidari Mahsa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
In the present study, the health-protective and therapeutic properties of MET have
been discussed, focusing on the effect of MET on the Nrf2 expression in patients with different
pathological conditions. Metformin (MET) regulates high blood glucose, thus being an integral
part of the antidiabetic medications used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to biguanide
class medications that are administered through the oral route. Moreover, the agent is widely
known for its anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. The MET
modulates the nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, which in turn
yields the above-mentioned medical benefits to patients. The Nrf2 signaling pathways are modulated
in multiple ways described subsequently: 1) MET acts on the cancer cells and inactivates
Raf-ERK signaling, thus reducing Nrf2 expression, 2) MET obstructs the expression of proteins
that are involved in apoptosis of tumor cells and also prevents tumor cells from oxidation
through an AMPK-independent pathway; 3) MET carries out Keap1-independent mechanism for
reducing the levels of Nrf2 protein in cancer cells; 4) MET upregulates the Nrf2-mediated transcription
to stimulate the anti-oxidant process that prevents oxidative stress in cells system and
consequently gives neuroprotection from rotenone and 5) MET downregulates p65 and upregulates
Nrf2 which helps improve the angiogenesis impairment stimulated by gestational diabetes
mellitus. This article presents an analysis of the health-protective properties of MET and also
sheds light on the effect of MET on the Nrf2 expression in patients with different pathological
conditions.
Preparation and Characterization of Multicomponent Particles for Controlled and Tunable Release of Citicoline
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sayani , Verma Anisha 
Published: June 2022

Background:Memory disorders require a steady-state balance of choline and cytidine. Citicoline is prescribed as an exogenous source of choline and cytidine.Objective:The present study proposes a mucoadhesive multiparticulate sustained delivery of citico-line as a supportive control for memory loss.Methods:The formulation of citicoline sodium microparticles was done by ionotropic gelation method using alginate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) in three different ratios. The three formulations were preliminary evaluated for the in vitro drug release study. Depending on their release pattern, a simplex lattice mixture design of 21 trial runs, with a set of possible combi-nations of each component of the three formulations, was employed to get an optimized ratio that could attend a predetermined release of drug at 1st, 4th, 6th, and 8th h. The optimized product was characterized for physicochemical evaluation, thermal analysis, in vitro drug release, surface mor-phology, and stability study.Results:Optimization of the design yielded a ratio that could prolong the release as predicted by design. The release mechanism followed non-Fickian diffusion. Differential thermal analysis exhib-ited high drug entrapment in the microparticles. Surface morphology studies revealed that drug re-lease took place by the formation of channels. Stability studies indicated there was no change in the properties even after six months and the moisture retention was meagre.Conclusion:The employed simplex lattice design could be successfully used to make microparti-cles of predetermined release characteristics with a steady-state release of the drug and can be a promising approach to provide an affordable therapy of citicoline to improve its effectivity.
Biodegradation of Polymers with Microbial Agents
Authors: Sharma Avinash , Nampoothiri Devadas Vadakkumcheri Akathoottu Subrahmanian , Nair Praseetha Parameswaran , Manpoong Chowlani , Kartha Bhagya Devadas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Pollution by plastics is a major concern in this era. This paper discusses the research achievements concerning the degradation of polymers using different microbes. The bacterial and fungal populations that reside in waste or dumped plastics decompose plastics naturally by enzymatic aerobic or anaerobic biodegradation. Bacteria and fungi with polymer-degrading ability are isolated through various technologies. The specific bacterial species like Bacillus sp., Rhodococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus sp., Arthrobacter sp., Microbacterium sp. and Phanerochaete sp. etc. and specific fungal species
like Aspergillus sp. or Penicillium sp. etc. degrade polymers in the relevant rate of duration. The microbial polymer degradation reforms soil properties, soil ecology, soil ecosystem and agricultural crop production, and improves the quality of surface and subsurface water. It restricts the pollution in the soil layer
and mitigates the release of waste polymer from the polymer industry. Eventually, it will help to sustain
the ecology and natural ecosystem. Furthermore, the scientific investigation may build standard materials
and methods for producing biodegradable fertilizers for polymer degradation. Overall assessment of the
study indicates that there is a possibility of developing effective bacterial or fungal consortia suited for
external application on plastic debris for faster degradation, as well as to tackle waste management in
polymer industries.
The Drivers of Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence–Powered Care Pathways Among Medical Professionals: Web-Based Survey Study
Authors: Cornelissen Lisa , Egher Claudia , van Beek Vincent , Williamson Latoya , Hommes Daniel 
Published: June 2022

Background
The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been proven beneficial in several health care areas. Nevertheless, the uptake of AI in health care delivery remains poor. Despite the fact that the acceptance of AI-based technologies among medical professionals is a key barrier to their implementation, knowledge about what informs such attitudes is scarce.

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify and examine factors that influence the acceptability of AI-based technologies among medical professionals.

Methods
A survey was developed based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model, which was extended by adding the predictor variables perceived trust, anxiety and innovativeness, and the moderator profession. The web-based survey was completed by 67 medical professionals in the Netherlands. The data were analyzed by performing a multiple linear regression analysis followed by a moderating analysis using the Hayes PROCESS macro (SPSS; version 26.0, IBM Corp).

Results
Multiple linear regression showed that the model explained 75.4% of the variance in the acceptance of AI-powered care pathways (adjusted R2=0.754; F9,0=22.548; P<.001). The variables medical performance expectancy (β=.465; P<.001), effort expectancy (β=–.215; P=.005), perceived trust (β=.221; P=.007), nonmedical performance expectancy (β=.172; P=.08), facilitating conditions (β=–.160; P=.005), and professional identity (β=.156; P=.06) were identified as significant predictors of acceptance. Social influence of patients (β=.042; P=.63), anxiety (β=.021; P=.84), and innovativeness (β=.078; P=.30) were not identified as significant predictors. A moderating effect by gender was found between the relationship of facilitating conditions and acceptance (β=–.406; P=.09).

Conclusions
Medical performance expectancy was the most significant predictor of AI-powered care pathway acceptance among medical professionals. Nonmedical performance expectancy, effort expectancy, perceived trust, and professional identity were also found to significantly influence the acceptance of AI-powered care pathways. These factors should be addressed for successful implementation of AI-powered care pathways in health care delivery. The study was limited to medical professionals in the Netherlands, where uptake of AI technologies is still in an early stage. Follow-up multinational studies should further explore the predictors of acceptance of AI-powered care pathways over time, in different geographies, and with bigger samples.
Using real-world evidence in healthcare from Western to Central and Eastern Europe: a review of existing barriers
Authors: Kamusheva Maria , Németh Bertalan , Zemplényi Antal , Kaló Zoltán , Elvidge Jamie , Dimitrova Maria , Pontén Johan , Tachkov Konstantin , Mitkova Zornitsa 
Published: June 2022

As part of the HTx (Next Generation Health Technology Assessment) project, this study was aimed at identifying the main barriers for application of real-world evidence (RWE) for the purposes of health technology assessment in the Central and Eastern European countries. A mixed methods approach was employed to identify the main barriers: a scoping review of the literature and a series of discussions with stakeholders. Based on the applied approaches, we attempted to summarize the main barriers and challenges related to transferability of RWE in five main groups: technical, regulatory, clinical, scientific and perceptional barriers. Further research should pursue the development of detailed, consensus-based guidelines to improve the harmonization and standardization of RWE.
Dens invaginatus y quiste maxilar asociado: follow up y resolución interdisciplinaria
Authors: Gilligan Gerardo Marcelo , Garola Federico , Bronstein Martín , Panico René , Franciosi Edgardo , Bozzatello Juana Rosa , Gilligan Jorge Marcelo 
Published: June 2022

ntroducción: El dens invaginatus (DI) es una anomalía dentaria del desarrollo producida en la etapa de morfodiferenciación. Pue- de presentarse bajo diferentes formas con compromiso coronario o radicular. DI puede llevar a necrosis pulpar y consecuentemente, a infecciones periapicales o quistes. Objetivo: reportar un caso de un quiste maxilar de considerables dimensiones asociado con DI, enfa- tizando el tratamiento interdisciplinario. Presentación del caso: Se presentó a la consulta una paciente de 26 años con una lesión tumo- ral dolorosa en paladar y sensación de opresión. La paciente relató una evolución de ocho meses y tratamientos ineficaces sin arribar a un diagnóstico. Previo estudio clínico-radiográfico, se procedió a programar un plan terapéutico basado en: 1) tratamiento de la pieza problema y diagnóstico lesional, 2) descompresión, 3) seguimiento y controles y 4) remoción de remanente lesional y colocación de sustituto óseo. Se evidenció una lesión quística asociada a incisivo lateral con presencia de DI coronario. Se procedió al tratamiento en- dodóntico del elemento problema seguido de descompresión quística mediante la intervención quirúrgica y posicionamiento de un drena- je. Los controles mostraron una evolución favorable. Por último, se realizó la quistectomía total y colocación de sustituto óseo. En con- cordancia con otros autores, el diagnóstico histopatológico de quiste inflamatorio, descartando otras entidades más agresivas y la edad de la paciente, condicionó la selección de un tratamiento inicialmente conservador. El remanente lesional determinó la enucleación total de la lesión y la colocación de un sustituto óseo para devolver volumen a la zona afectada. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico temprano de DI evita la formación de lesiones secundarias, las cuales en el caso de no ser debidamente diagnosticadas generan morbilidad en los pacientes. El trabajo interdisciplinario de estas lesiones es fundamental para alcanzar los resultados esperados.
Mucocele: lesión oral frecuente de glándulas salivales menores en pacientes pediátricos
Authors: Dynia Rocío del Carmen , Maccio Azul Milena , Socias María Margarita , Navarro López Jessika Susana Aymará , Valdovinos Zaputovich Bertha Mercedes 
Published: June 2022

Introducción: Las glándulas salivales son exocrinas, con tipo de secreción merocrina. La importancia de las mismas radica en la producción de saliva en la cavidad oral, contribuyendo a la re- gulación del pH bucal y manteniendo la integridad de la mucosa y tejidos orales. Una afección en ellas altera el sistema oral. El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue identificar y registrar patologías orales de glándulas salivales más frecuentes en pe- diatría en un centro de salud de referencia regional. Material y métodos: Diseño de tipo retrospectivo, observacional, analítico, correlacional y transversal. A partir de datos de libros de ingre- sos al Servicio de Anatomía Patológica y Citología del Hospital Pediátrico «Juan Pablo II» de la Cuidad de Corrientes, Argentina, que consignen la edad, sexo y localización de la lesión, de pa- cientes de un mes a 15 años de edad. Resultados: Se identifi- caron 63 casos de lesiones orales en glándulas salivales, 47 de ellas compatibles con diagnóstico de mucocele, siendo la lesión más frecuente, con predominio en el sexo femenino. La franja etaria con mayor número de casos fue de 13 a 15 años de edad, siendo el sitio de localización frecuente el labio inferior. Conclu- sión: Éste es el primer estudio previo de esta lesión en la región. El mucocele es la lesión oral en glándulas salivales de mayor frecuencia en pediatría.