bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perinatal Outcome in Preterm Caesarean Section at a Teaching Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Khanam Rebeka , Ara Gulshan , Dhar Jayanti Rani , Haque Nasreen 
Published: February 2022

Background: Preterm caesarean section gives different perinatal outcomes.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the different perinatal outcomes among the pregnant women with preterm caesarean section.
Methodology: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Obstetric & Gynaecology at Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogra, Bangladesh from January 2007 to December 2007 for a period of one year. Women with the gestational age between 32 to 36 completed weeks who were selected for delivery by caesarean section were selected as study population. Most of the pregnant women were brought to the hospital with poor condition. Actually the patients were managed on emergency basis. With the improvement of general condition of the patients, in consultation with anaesthetic department and paediatric department patients were managed accordingly and the perinatal outcomes were recorded.
Result: A total number of 100 pregnant women were recruited for this study. In this study most of the pregnant women were in the age group of 15 to 25 years which was 60(60.0%) cases. Birth weight below 1.5 kg was in 15.0% cases. However, 72.0% babies had shown APGAR score within 4 to 7 at 5 minute. APGAR score more than 7 was present in 18.0% babies. In this study incidence of other diseases associated with prematurity was in 39(39.0%) cases and perinatal asphyxia was in 25(25.0%) cases. Among the women undergone preterm caesarean sections about 92(92.0%) cases were giving live birth and 8(8.0%) cases were reported still birth; however, subsequent neonatal death occurred in 27(27.0%) cases.
Conclusion: In conclusion most common perinatal outcomes of preterm caesarean section is live birth with prematurity and perinatal asphyxia.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 169-172
Targeted Phototherapy by Niobium Carbide for Mammalian Tumor Models Similar to Humans
Authors: Liu Zhao , Jiang Shan , Tian Yuhang , Shang Haitao , Chen Kexin , Tan Haoyan , Zhang Lei , Jing Hui , Cheng Wen 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundIn the past few decades, nanomaterial‐mediated phototherapy has gained significant attention as an alternative antitumor strategy. However, its antitumor success is majorly limited to the treatment of subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. In fact, no studies have been previously conducted in this area/field on clinically‐relevant big animal models. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conduct further investigation in a typical big animal model, which is more closely related to the human body.ResultsIn this study, niobium carbide (NbC) was selected as a photoactive substance owing to the presence of outstanding near-infrared (NIR) absorption properties, which are responsible for the generation of NIR‐triggered hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species that contribute towards synergetic photothermal and photodynamic effect. Moreover, the present study utilized macrophages as bio‐carrier for the targeted delivery of NbC, wherein phagocytosis by macrophages retained the photothermal/photodynamic effect of NbC. Consequently, macrophage-loaded NbC ensured/allowed complete removal of solid tumors both in nude mice and big animal models involving rabbits. Meanwhile, two‐dimensional ultrasound, shave wave elastography (SWE), and contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) were used to monitor physiological evolution in tumor in vivo post-treatment, which clearly revealed the occurrence of the photoablation process in tumor and provided a new strategy for the surveillance of tumor in big animal models.ConclusionAltogether, the use of a large animal model in this study presented higher clinical significance as compared to previous studies.
The Prognostic Value of Sarcopenia in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients and the Development and Validation of a Novel Nomogram for Predicting Survival
Authors: Sun Qian , Cui Jialin , Liu Wenjie , Li Jianyong , Hong Ming , Qian Sixuan 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) occurs frequently in the elderly, of whom the prognosis is dismal. Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder associated with an increased possibility of adverse outcomes. This study aims to explore the prognostic value of sarcopenia in AML patients and develop a novel prognostic model.MethodsA total of 227 AML patients were enrolled. Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis before treatment. Sarcopenia was diagnosed by low muscle quantity. Cox proportional hazard regression model were applied to verify prognostic variables for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). A novel prognostic model of nomogram was developed and validated by ‘R’.ResultsForty-one (18.1%) patients were defined as sarcopenia. The median age of the sarcopenic group was significantly greater than the non-sarcopenic group (median 70 vs. 64 years, P = 0.001). Sarcopenic patients showed significantly less height (P = 0.002), weight (P &lt;0.001), Body Mass Index (P &lt;0.001), Fat Mass (P = 0.017), Fat-free Mass (P &lt;0.001), Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass (P &lt;0.001), Skeletal Muscle Index (P &lt;0.001), Fat-free Mass Index (P &lt;0.001), and hemoglobin level (P = 0.025) than the non-sarcopenic ones. Patients in the sarcopenic group also showed a statistically shorter OS and DFS (median OS: 13.7 vs. 55.6 months, P = 0.003; median DFS: 12.5 months vs. not reached, P = 0.026). ELN high risk [Hazard Ratio (HR): 1.904, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.018–3.562, P = 0.044), sarcopenia (HR: 1.887, 95% CI: 1.071–3.324, P = 0.028), and reduced-intensity regimens (HR: 3.765, 95% CI: 1.092–12.980, P = 0.036) were independent predictors for OS in multivariate analysis. A nomogram for predicting OS was constructed using the above three factors. The c index, calibration plots and decision curve analyses (DCA) showed better discrimination, calibration, and net benefits of the nomogram than the ELN model.ConclusionSarcopenia was common and had an inferior prognosis in AML and needs more attention in clinical practice.
Intensity Modulated High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy Using Patient Specific 3D Metal Printed Applicators: Proof of Concept
Authors: Sohn James J. , Polizzi Mitchell , Kang Sang-Won , Ko Woo-Hyeong , Cho Yong-Hyun , Eom Keun-Yong , Chung Jin-Beom 
Published: February 2022

PurposeIn high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy, an anisotropic dose distribution may be desirable for achieving a higher therapeutic index, particularly when the anatomy imposes challenges. Several methods to deliver intensity-modulated brachytherapy (IMBT) have been proposed in the literature, however practical implementation is lacking due to issues of increased delivery times and complicated delivery mechanisms. This study presents the novel approach of designing a patient-specific inner shape of an applicator with 3D metal printing for IMBT using an inverse plan optimization model.MethodsThe 3D printed patient-specific HDR applicator has an external shape that resembles the conventional brachytherapy applicator. However, at each dwell position of the HDR source, the shielding walls in the interior are divided into six equiangular sections with varying thicknesses. We developed a mathematical model to simultaneously optimize the shielding thicknesses and dwell times according to the patient’s anatomical information to achieve the best possible target coverage. The model, which is a bi-convex optimization problem, is solved using alternating minimization. Finally, the applicator design parameters were input into 3D modeling software and saved in a 3D printable file. The applicator has been tested with both a digital phantom and a simulated clinical cervical cancer patient.ResultsThe proposed approach showed substantial improvements in the target coverage over the conventional method. For the phantom case, 99.18% of the target was covered by the prescribed dose using the proposed method, compared to only 58.32% coverage achieved by the conventional method. For the clinical case, the proposed method increased the coverage of the target from 56.21% to 99.92%. In each case, both methods satisfied the treatment constraints for neighboring OARs.ConclusionThe study simulates the concept of the IMBT with inverse planning using the 3D printed applicator design. The non-isotropic dose map can be produced with optimized shielding patterns and tailored to individual patient’s anatomy, to plan a more conformal plan.
Hypnosis, Meditation, and Self-Induced Cognitive Trance to Improve Post-treatment Oncological Patients’ Quality of Life: Study Protocol
Authors: Grégoire Charlotte , Marie Nolwenn , Sombrun Corine , Faymonville Marie-Elisabeth , Kotsou Ilios , van Nitsen Valérie , de Ribaucourt Sybille , Jerusalem Guy , Laureys Steven , Vanhaudenhuyse Audrey , Gosseries Olivia 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionA symptom cluster is very common among oncological patients: cancer-related fatigue (CRF), emotional distress, sleep difficulties, pain, and cognitive difficulties. Clinical applications of interventions based on non-ordinary states of consciousness, mostly hypnosis and meditation, are starting to be investigated in oncology settings. They revealed encouraging results in terms of improvements of these symptoms. However, these studies often focused on breast cancer patients, with methodological limitations (e.g., small sample size, no control group, and no follow-up). Another non-ordinary state of consciousness may also have therapeutic applications in oncology: self-induced cognitive trance (SICT). It seems to differ from hypnosis and meditation, as it involves the body more directly. Thus, investigating its clinical applications, along with hypnosis and meditation interventions, could improve available therapeutic options in oncology. This article details the study protocol of a preference-based longitudinal controlled superiority trial aiming to assess the effectiveness of 3 group interventions (hypnosis, meditation, and SICT) to improve oncological patients’ quality of life, and more specifically CRF, emotional distress, sleep, pain, and cognitive difficulties (primary outcomes).Methods and analysisA power analysis required a total sample of 160 patients. Main inclusion criteria are: cancer diagnosis, active treatments completed for less than a year, no practice of hypnosis, meditation, or SICT, and presence of at least one of these four symptoms: fatigue, sleep difficulties, depression, or anxiety. Each participant will choose the intervention in which they want to participate (hypnosis, mindful self-compassion meditation, SICT, or no intervention—control group). To test the effectiveness of the interventions, data will be collected by questionnaires and neurobiological measures and directly from the medical record at four time points: before inclusion in the study (baseline); immediately after the intervention; and at 3- and 12-month follow-up. The longitudinal data in each group will then be measured.DiscussionIn addition to standard cancer therapies, there is a growing interest from patients in complementary approaches, such as hypnosis, meditation, and SICT. The results of this study will be useful to increase knowledge about short- and long-term effectiveness of 3 group interventions for CRF, emotional distress, sleep, pain, and cognitive difficulties in patients with different cancers.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov/ (NCT04873661). Retrospectively registered on the 29th of April 2021. url: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04873661
Evaluation and Modelling of the Performance of an Automated SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Assay According to Sample Type, Target Population and Epidemic Trends
Authors: Yin Nicolas , Debuysschere Cyril , Daubie Valery , Hildebrand Marc , Martin Charlotte , Curac Sonja , Ponthieux Fanny , Payen Marie-Christine , Vandenberg Olivier , Hallin Marie 
Published: February 2022

The Lumipulse® G SARS-CoV-2 Ag assay performance was evaluated on prospectively collected saliva and nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) of recently ill in- and outpatients and according to the estimated viral load. Performances were calculated using RT-PCR positive NPS from patients with symptoms ≤ 7 days and RT-PCR negative NPS as gold standard. In addition, non-selected positive NPS were analyzed to assess the performances on various viral loads. This assay yielded a sensitivity of 93.1% on NPS and 71.4% on saliva for recently ill patients. For NPS with a viral load > 103 RNA copies/mL, sensitivity was 96.4%. A model established on our daily routine showed fluctuations of the performances depending on the epidemic trends but an overall good negative predictive value. Lumipulse® G SARS-CoV-2 assay yielded good performance for an automated antigen detection assay on NPS. Using it for the detection of recently ill patients or to screen high-risk patients could be an interesting alternative to the more expensive RT-PCR.
Retrospective analysis of functional and anatomical changes, the level of intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma and highgrade myopia during surgical treatment of cataracts
Authors: Krasnozhan O. V. , Lutsenko N. S. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study. To conduct a retrospective analysis of functional, morphometric changes, the level of intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification of cataracts in the early and late postoperative period in patients with glaucoma and highgrade myopia.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of lens morphometric parameters, baseline IOP in patients with PVKG and MIA, IOP in the early and late postoperative period (12 months) in 60 patients who underwent surgical treatment of cataracts by phacoemulsification. There were 2 groups: 1 group consisted of 20 patients with glaucoma, including men – 11, women – 9, the average age of patients in this group was 73,42 ± 6,8 years, the second group consisted of 20 patients with MIA, including men – 8, women – 12, the average age was 71,46 ± 8,25 years. The control group included 20 patients with cataracts (36 eyes), of whom there were 10 men, 10 women, the average age of patients was 70,82 ± 10,25 years.
Patients in all groups were homogeneous and comparable in sex and age. Patients of the 1st observation group were in a state of compensation for the level of IOP on the background of the use of antiglaucoma drugs. All patients underwent standard ophthalmological examination, including visometry, perimetry, tonometers, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscope, echobiometry, keratorefractometry.
Results. A retrospective analysis of functional and anatomical changes in patients with glaucoma and highgrade myopia during surgical treatment of cataracts indicates the effect of FEC + IOL on the condition of ophthalmotonus and functional parameters of the eyes in both early and late postoperative period.
Conclusion. Analysis of examination of patients with primary openangle glaucoma and high grade myopia revealed differences in functional, morphometric parameters and the level of intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification of cataracts. Maximum corrected visual acuity (MCG) after phacoemulsification of cataracts was significantly increased in all observation groups. The frequency of thick lenses in the control group was 25%, in the group with PVKG – 35%, and in patients with MIA the incidence was minimal, «respectively – 10%. In the remote period 1 year after FEC there is a decrease in IOP in the control group and in glaucoma patients by 0,8 and 1,1 mm Hg, respectively, while in the group of patients in the Ministry of Internal Affairs there is an increase in ophthalmotonus by 0,7 mm Hg (P  0,05). The frequency of reduction of IOP 1 year after FEC is 70% in patients of the control group, 55% in patients with glaucoma and 10% in patients with high myopia.
Tactics of the treatment of the purulent arthritis of the ankle joint
Authors: Klyatskiy Yu. P. , Tribushnoy O. V. , Trufanov I. I. , Kosilo V. V. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study. To develop a systematic approach to the treatment of various clinical forms of septic complications after open fractures dislocations in the ankle joint.
Materials and methods. 36 patients were treated. Of these, 28 (78, 3%) are men and 8 (21,7%) are women of working age. The basis of surgical treatment was radical sequestrectomy – resection of articular joint surfaces and through bone osteosynthesis according to Ilizarov.
In the postoperative period, patients received antibacterial, vascular and detoxification therapy. During dressings, the wound was flushed with antiseptics through drainage tubes. In the presence of significant necrosis of soft tissues, VAKtherapy, laser therapy, prolonged intraosseous blockade were prescribed.
Results and discussion. Longterm results were studied in 31 (83,7%) patients. Bone ankylosis occurred in 29 (78,3%) patients, 3 (8,1%) patients in connection with the progression of the inflammatory process in the talus bone performed the second operation astragalectomy.
Conclusion. When the inflammation of the articular surface is affected, resection of the joint with subsequent compression of the arthrodesis is necessary. The Ilizarov apparatus provides a stable fixation at the site of resection.
HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNOEA SYNDROME
Authors: Tokarenko O. I. , Andreieva Ia. O. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study. To assess 24-hours heart rate variability in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
Materials and Methods. The 143 eligible patients with OSA were enrolled into the main group in this study. Twenty healthy subjects with increased body weight and without significant chronic pathologies were included into the control group. The mean age and gender characteristics of the groups were similar. Each patient underwent a clinical evaluation during the consultation (with measurement of body mass, height, circumference of the neck, waist and hips), biological tests, cardio-respiratory monitoring and Holter ECG monitoring.
Results and discussion. The average daily HR, HRmax and HRmin the main group was higher in comparison with the control group, but the sechanges had no significant differences (p  0,05). The heart rate analysis at night in patients with OSAS revealed the presence of periodic episodes of severe bradycardia (up to 28 beats/min) with subsequent episodes of tachycardia and normalization of heart rhythm. Episodes of bradycardia/tachycardia duringsleep inpatientswith OSAScould beexplaned as the response of the autonomic nervous system to periods of apnea/hypopnea. It was found that most indicators in patients of the main group and control group differed statistically significant in the HRV analysis. Thus, SDNN and RMSSD in patients from main group were lower than the corresponding values in the control group (p = 0,022, p = 0,038, respectively). During the day the value of pNN50 did not differ significantly between the groups, but at night this parameter decreased but was lower by 40% from the control value (p = 0,007). The maximum values during the day for SDNN and pNN50 in the main group were resisted at night in comparison with the control group. There was a pathological increase in the spectral parameters (VLF, LF, LFN) during the day and at night in patients with OSAS, which indicated persistent hypersympathicotonia during daytime and nighttime. During the correlation analysis, a direct correlation was established between AHI, BMI and neck circumference (r = 0,73, p = 0,007; r = 0,71, p=0,003, respectively). When compared with the spectral indices of HRV, an inverse correlation was established between the indices SDNNnight, and AHI (r = –0,71, p = 0,024), a positive correlation between LFnight and AHI (r = 0,70, p = 0,011) and the negative correlation between AHI and RMSSDnight (r = –0,63, p = 0,013).
Conclusions. It was shown that all patients with OSAS have Imbalance between branches of the automatic nervous system which manifest as an pathological increase of activity of sympathetic branch in the day, and at night as well. A significant correlations between AHI and BMI (r = 0,73, p = 0,007), neck circumference (r = 0,71, p = 0,003), and SDNNnight (r =–0,71, p = 0,024), LFnight (r = 0,70, p = 0,011), RMSSDnight (r =-0,63, p = 0,013)) were established.
Assessment of quality of life of patients with colon cancer depending on the type of perioperative anesthetia
Authors: Tenkach O. O. , Palahonych E. S. 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the study. Assess the quality of life of patients with colon cancer in the perioperative period, depending on the chosen method of anesthesia.
Materials and methods. In the period from January to August 2020, an analysis of the results of anesthesia in 32 patients with colon cancer was performed on the basis of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care of KNP «ZPC» ZOR. Two groups of patients were formed in a randomized manner. The difference between the groups was the difference in drug combinations and dosages of anesthesia. Subjective pain assessment studies in patients were performed using a visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaire. The EQ 5D scale (5-point pain scale) was used to assess quality of life. The Hamilton scale was used to assess the patient's psycho-emotional state. Student's mean T test was used to compare pain levels before and after surgery, and p < 0,05 was considered statistically significant.
Results. There was a statistically significant difference between cortisol levels after surgery in patients of groups I and II (p = 0,0001). When comparing insulin and blood glucose, it was found that the results of biochemical parameters are lower in group II patients, indicating a lower level of pain or its absence in the first 6 hours after surgery (p = 0,0001). Patients in groups I and II had an increase in the VAS scale, but in patients who used only general anesthesia, the rates were twice as high as in the group of patients who used a combination of epidural anesthesia (p = 0,0001).
Evaluating the results of the questionnaire on the EQ 5D scale, a similar picture was established as when evaluating on the VAS scale where in the second group of patients statistically significantly lower pain rates than in the first group (p = 0,0001). The level of anxiety in patients who underwent epidural anesthesia decreased slightly in the postoperative period compared with baseline (p = 0,005).
Conclusions. The quality of life of patients in the second group is higher than in patients of group I according to the questionnaire scale EQ 5D (p = 0,0001). The level of anxiety in patients of group I is higher in the first 6 hours after surgery than in patients of group II where epidural anesthesia is used (p = 0,0001).