bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term reoperation rate following primary ventral hernia repair: a register-based study
Authors: Katawazai A , Wallin G , Sandblom G 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to analyse the risk for reoperation following primary ventral hernia repair.

Methods
The study was based on umbilical hernia and epigastric hernia repairs registered in the population-based Swedish National Patient Register (NPR) 2010–2019. Reoperation was defined as repeat repair after primary repair.

Results
Altogether 29,360 umbilical hernia repairs and 6514 epigastric hernia repairs were identified. There were 624 reoperations registered following primary umbilical repair and 137 following primary epigastric repairs. In multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis, the hazard ratio (HR) for reoperation was 0.292 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.109–0.782) after open onlay mesh repair, 0.484 (CI 0.366–0.641) after open interstitial mesh repair, 0.382 (CI 0.238–0.613) after open sublay mesh repair, 0.453 (CI 0.169–1.212) after open intraperitoneal onlay mesh repair, 1.004 (CI 0.688–1.464) after laparoscopic repair, and 0.940 (CI 0.502–1.759) after other techniques, when compared to open suture repair as reference method. Following umbilical hernia repair, the risk for reoperation was also significantly higher for patients aged < 50 years (HR 1.669, CI 1.389–2.005), for women (HR 1.401, CI 1.186–1.655), and for patients with liver cirrhosis (HR 2.544, CI 1.049–6.170). For patients undergoing epigastric hernia repair, the only significant risk factor for reoperation was age < 50 years (HR 2.046, CI 1.337–3.130).

Conclusions
All types of open mesh repair were associated with lower reoperation rates than open suture repair and laparoscopic repair. Female sex, young age and liver cirrhosis were risk factors for reoperation due to hernia recurrence, regardless of method.
Response surface modelling of biomass-rich municipal solid waste pyrolysis: towards optimum hydrogen production
Authors: Tomasek Szabina , Egedy Attila , Bocsi Róbert , Zou Jun , Zhao Yujia , Haiping Yang , Miskolczi Norbert 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, two-step pyrolysis of biomass-rich municipal solid waste was studied on nickel supported ZSM-5 catalyst. In the first stage of the reactor, constant temperature (T = 550 °C) was applied, and in the second stage, the reactions took place at 500, 700 and 850 °C. Effects of operating parameters (temperature = 500, 700, 850 °C, steam rate = 1, 5 g/h) and catalyst load (0.5, 1.0, 2.0) were studied on yields and compositions, particularly on the hydrogen contents. In order to determine the significance of the operating parameters, response surface methodology was used. Considering the experimental data, the values of hydrogen/carbon monoxide molar ratio, lower heating value and the simulation, it was found that the favourable operating parameters of two-step pyrolysis of biomass-rich municipal solid waste were 850 °C temperature and 1 g/h steam rate (gas yield: 27.1%, hydrogen yield: 9.96 mmol g−1waste, hydrogen/carbon monoxide molar ratio: 1.8). From the data of response surface methodology, it was also concluded that temperature has a more critical effect on gas yields and composition than steam rate. However, in some cases, the synergistic effect of the two factors can also be significant.Graphical abstract
Portfolio optimization with asset preselection using data envelopment analysis
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Mohammad Mehdi , Ortobelli Lozza Sergio , Hosseinzadeh Lotfi Farhad , Moriggia Vittorio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach as a nonparametric efficiency analysis tool to preselect efficient assets in large-scale portfolio problems. Thus, we reduce the dimensionality of portfolio problems, considering multiple asset performance criteria in a linear DEA model. We first introduce several reward/risk criteria that are typically used in portfolio literature to identify features of financial returns. Secondly, we suggest some DEA input/output sets for preselecting efficient assets in a large-scale portfolio framework. Then, we evaluate the impact of the preselected assets in different portfolio optimization strategies. In particular, we propose an ex-post empirical analysis based on two alternative datasets: the components of S &P500 and the Fama and French 100 portfolio formed on size and book to market. According to this empirical analysis we observe better performances of the DEA preselection than the classic PCA factor models for large scale portfolio selection problems. Moreover, the proposed model outperform the S &P500 index and the strategy based on the fully diversified portfolio.
Continuous situation-specific development of business models: knowledge provision, method composition, and method enactment
Authors: Gottschalk Sebastian , Yigitbas Enes , Nowosad Alexander , Engels Gregor 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe development of new business models is essential for startups to become successful, as well as for established companies to explore new business opportunities. However, developing such business models is a continuous challenging activity where different tasks need to be performed, and business decisions need to be made. Both have to fit the constantly changeable situation in which the business model is developed to reduce the risk of developing ineffective business models with low market penetration. Therefore, a method for developing situation-specific business models is needed. As a solution, we refine the concept of situational method engineering (SME) to business model development. SME, in turn, provides means to construct situation-specific development methods out of fragments from a method repository. We develop a concept for the continuous situation-specific development of business models based on design science. The approach uses the roles of a domain expert, a method engineer, and a business developer together with a repository with method fragments for developing business models and a repository with modeling artifacts for supporting the development. Both repositories are filled by utilizing the experience of domain experts. Out of these repositories, situation-specific development methods for developing business models can be continuously composed based on the changeable situation by the method engineer and enacted by the business developer. We implement it as an open-source tool and evaluate its applicability in an industrial case study of developing a business model for a local event platform. Our results show that situation awareness supports the continuous development of business models.
Vibrational calling signals improve the efficacy of pheromone traps to capture the brown marmorated stink bug
Authors: Zapponi Livia , Nieri Rachele , Zaffaroni-Caorsi Valentina , Pugno Nicola Maria , Mazzoni Valerio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHalyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855), the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is an invasive species that has become a key agricultural pest in its invaded range. Commercial traps available for BMSB monitoring rely on male produced aggregation pheromones as lure, with two possible shortcomings: trap spillover and low detection precision. In this study, we assessed if vibrational signals can increase the attractiveness of pheromone traps by testing the optimized vibration-based lure (Female Song 2, FS2) associated with a specifically designed trap (i.e., the vibrotrap). We evaluated the efficacy of this bimodal trap (i.e., pheromones + vibrations) on females, males and nymphs in controlled conditions (greenhouse) and in the field, in two sites at the margin of two commercial vineyards. In the field, bimodal vibrotraps were compared to three unimodal (i.e., only pheromone) trap types. Both experiments showed that the vibrotrap is highly attractive for BMSB, and the optimized FS2 signal significantly improved its effectiveness. Even though FS2 was selected to target males, the number of trapped females increased as well. Overall, the presented findings show a feasible improvement to future commercial BMSB traps through the synergic use of semiophysicals and semiochemicals. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of vibrotraps for both early detection and mass trapping.
Governing the soil: natural farming and bionationalism in India
Authors: Fitzpatrick Ian Carlos , Millner Naomi , Ginn Franklin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article examines India’s response to the global soil health crisis. A longstanding centre of agricultural production and innovation, India has recently launched an ambitious soil health programme. The country’s Soil Health Card (SHC) Scheme intervenes in farm-scale decisions about efficient fertiliser use, envisioning farmers as managers and soil as a substrate for production. India is also home to one of the world’s largest alternative agriculture movements: natural farming. This puts farmer expertise at the centre of soil fertility and attends to the wider ecological health of soils. Despite emerging as a mode of resistance to dominant agricultural systems, natural farming is now being delivered in increasingly bureaucratic ways by India’s state governments. This article offers Himachal Pradesh as a case study in how the soil is governed, drawing on 38 semi-structured interviews with scientists, agricultural officers, non-governmental organisation leaders, and activists. Rather than assess approaches to soil health according to their ecological bottom line, we examine the differing forms of knowledge, expertise and ‘truth’ in the SHC and Natural Farming approaches. Our analysis reveals discontinuities in how farmers are imagined, as well as continuities in how quasi-spiritual language combines in a bionationalist project, positing assumptions about the correct arrangement of life in nationalist terms. We point to a shift toward hybrid and pick-and-mix approaches to soil health, as farmers and their organisers are increasingly invested with the capacities to combine multiple options. We see a fracturing of expertise and the opening up of epistemic pluralism in responses to the soil fertility crisis.
Relating Compatibility and Divisibility of Quantum Channels
Authors: Duarte Cristhiano , Catani Lorenzo , Drumond Raphael C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract We connect two key concepts in quantum information: compatibility and divisibility of quantum channels. Two channels are compatible if they can be both obtained via marginalization from a third channel. A channel divides another channel if it reproduces its action by sequential composition with a third channel. (In)compatibility is of central importance for studying the difference between classical and quantum dynamics. The relevance of divisibility stands in its close relationship with the onset of Markovianity. We emphasize the simulability character of compatibility and divisibility, and, despite their structural difference, we find a set of channels – self-degradable channels – for which the two notions coincide. We also show that, for degradable channels, compatibility implies divisibility, and that, for anti-degradable channels, divisibility implies compatibility. These results provide physical insights and motivate further research on these classes of channels and shed new light on the meaning of these two largely studied notions.
MiR-487b suppressed inflammation and neuronal apoptosis in spinal cord injury by targeted Ifitm3
Authors: Tong Dake , Zhao Yanyin , Tang Yang , Ma Jie , Wang Miao , Li Bo , Wang Zhiwei , Li Cheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) was a serious nerve injury, which involves complex genetic changes. This paper was intended to investigate the function and mechanism of differentially expressed genes in SCI. The three datasets GSE92657, GSE93561 and GSE189070 of SCI from GEO database were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We identified the common DEGs in the three datasets GSE92657, GSE93561 and GSE189070 of SCI from GEO database. Next, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed. Subsequently, the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in immune response, inflammatory response. The expression level of immune-related genes (Arg1, Ccl12, Ccl2, Ifitm2, Ifitm3, and et al.) at different time points of SCI were analyzed in GSE189070 dataset. Next, differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were identified in SCI compared with normal based on GSE158194 database. DE-miRNA and targeted immune-related genes were predicted by miRwalk, including miR-487b-5p targeted Ifitm3, miR-3072-5p targeted Ccl3, and et al. What’s more, the miR-487b was identified and verified to be down-regulated in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 cell model. Further, the miR-487b inhibited cell inflammation and apoptosis in LPS-induced BV2 cell by targeted Ifitm3. For the first time, our results revealed that miR-487b may play an important regulatory role in SCI by targeted Ifitm3 and provide further evidence for SCI research.
Mango performance as affected by the soil application of zeolite and biochar under water salinity stresses
Authors: Harhash Mohamed M. , Ahamed Masoud M. M. , Mosa Walid F. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study was carried out during two consecutive seasons, 2020 and 2021, on 12-year-old mango (Mangifera indica L.). cv. Ewaise grown in region Idku, El Beheira Governorate, Egypt. The trees were planted at 5 × 4 m apart and grafted on “Sokary” root stock to study the influence of zeolite and biochar on growth, yield, and fruit quality of “Ewaise” mango cultivar irrigated by agricultural drainage water. The trees were treated by the following treatments: zeolite or biochar solely at 1, 2, and 3 kg for tree and their different combinations such as 1 kg zeolite + 1 kg biochar; 1 kg zeolite + 2 kg biochar; 1 kg zeolite + 3 kg biochar; 2 kg zeolite + 1 kg biochar; 2 kg zeolite + 2 kg biochar; 2 kg zeolite + 3 kg biochar; 3 kg zeolite + 1 kg biochar; 3 kg zeolite + 2 kg biochar; and 3 kg zeolite + 3 kg biochar as well as control zero soil application. The obtained results showed that the soil application of zeolite or biochar gave a positive effect on improving the soil characteristics which reflects on the tree trunk thickness, shoot length and thickness, number of inflorescences, yield in kg per tree, and fruit quality. The greatest positive effect on the previous mentioned parameters was obtained by the combined application of the soil application of 2 kg zeolite + 3 kg biochar; 2 kg zeolite + 2 kg biochar; 3 kg zeolite + 2 kg biochar; and 3 kg zeolite + 3 kg biochar over the rest-applied treatments or control in the two seasons.
Measurement and identification of relative poverty level of pastoral areas: an analysis based on spatial layout
Authors: Lin Haiying , Gao Youhan , Zhu Tianqi , Wu Huayuan , Hou Pengshen , Li Wenlong , Hou Shuxia , Arshad Muhammad Umer 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPastoral areas are the key difficulty in China’s pursuit of common prosperity and a key region for China to build the northern ecological safety barrier and to realize the Two Centenary Goals. It is of great significance to scientifically evaluate the quality of rural life (QRL), measure the relative poverty level (RPL), and identify the relatively poor areas, making it possible to dock poverty elimination with rural revitalization. Based on the socio-economic data of 18 pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia, this paper draws on spatial layout theory to evaluate QRL and measures RPL by the natural breakpoint method and then identifies the relatively poor areas in Inner Mongolia. The results show that (1) the QRLs of pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia were unbalanced and highly polarized. The mean score of QRLs was 0.2598. Eleven (61.11%) of the counties/banners had a QRL smaller than the mean score. On the spatial layout of QRLs, the western areas were stronger than the central areas. High QRL counties/banners are mainly concentrated in the western region. In the central region, the QRLs were very fragmented, falling onto all five levels. (2) The pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia differed significantly in RPL. The mean score of RPL stood at 0.3788. Nine counties/banners (50%) had an RPL greater than the mean. Contrary to the spatial layout features of QRLs, the central pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia had stronger RPLs than the eastern ones. High RPL counties/banners are mostly clustered in the central region. The spatial layout of RPLs is relatively reasonable in the central region: the RPLs decreased gradually from Dorbod Banner. (3) Nearly 45% of the pastoral areas in central and western Inner Mongolia face serious relative poverty and a high risk of returning to poverty. Eight counties/banners (45%) were identified as high composite relative poverty areas. From spatial layout, the composite relatively poor counties/banners clustered clearly, mainly in the western region. Finally, this paper establishes a warning mechanism against large-scale returning to poverty, aiming to lower composite RPL. The research results provide empirical reference and implementation path for consolidating the results of poverty eradication and facilitating rural revitalization.
Robot-assisted ex vivo neobladder reconstruction: preliminary results of surgical skill evaluation
Authors: Chen Ziyang , Terlizzi Serenella , Da Col Tommaso , Marzullo Aldo , Catellani Michele , Ferrigno Giancarlo , De Momi Elena 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose

Advanced developments in the medical field have gradually increased the public demand for surgical skill evaluation. However, this assessment always depends on the direct observation of experienced surgeons, which is time-consuming and variable. The introduction of robot-assisted surgery provides a new possibility for this evaluation paradigm. This paper aims at evaluating surgeon performance automatically with novel evaluation metrics based on different surgical data.

Methods

Urologists ($$n=10$$

n
=
10

) from a hospital were requested to perform a simplified neobladder reconstruction on an ex vivo setup twice with different camera modalities ($$n=2$$

n
=
2

) randomly. They were divided into novices and experts ($$n=5$$

n
=
5

, respectively) according to their experience in robot-assisted surgeries. Different performance metrics ($$n=2$$

n
=
2

) are proposed to achieve the surgical skill evaluation, considering both instruments and endoscope. Also, nonparametric tests are adopted to check if there are significant differences when evaluating surgeons performance.

Results

When grouping according to four stages of neobladder reconstruction, statistically significant differences can be appreciated in phase 1 ($$p=0.0284$$

p
=
0.0284

) and phase 2 ($$p=0.01953$$

p
=
0.01953

) with normalized time-related metrics and camera movement-related metrics, respectively. On the other hand, considering experience grouping shows that both metrics are able to highlight statistically significant differences between novice and expert performances in the control protocol. It also shows that the camera-related performance of experts is significantly different ($$p=0.003153$$

p
=
0.003153

) when handling the endoscope manually and when it is automatic.

Conclusion

Surgical skill evaluation, using the approach in this paper, can effectively measure surgical procedures of surgeons with different experience. Preliminary results demonstrate that different surgical data can be fully utilized to improve the reliability of surgical evaluation. It also demonstrates its versatility and potential in the quantitative assessment of various surgical operations.
Ist eine Zwangsbehandlung bei Fremdgefährdung zum Wohl der gefährdenden Person? Eine ethische Analyse von Wohl und Wille im psychiatrischen Behandlungskontext
Authors: Braun Esther , Faissner Mirjam , Gather Jakov 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Abwehr von Gefahren für Dritte als Aufgabe der Psychiatrie wird kontrovers diskutiert und immer wieder grundsätzlich infrage gestellt. Ethisch sind Zwangsmaßnahmen oder Zwangsbehandlungen im Kontext von Fremdgefährdung in jedem Fall begründungsbedürftig.In diesem Beitrag wird zunächst dargestellt, wie sich Maßnahmen gegen den Willen einer Person ethisch rechtfertigen lassen. Im Rekurs auf das Prinzip des schwachen Paternalismus gilt dabei grundsätzlich, dass Zwangsbehandlungen von selbstbestimmungsunfähigen Personen ethisch nur gerechtfertigt werden können, wenn die Behandlung zum Wohl der Person ist und ihrem vorausverfügten oder mutmaßlichen Willen entspricht.Anschließend wird überprüft, inwiefern Zwangsbehandlungen bei Personen mit psychischen Erkrankungen, die Dritte gefährden, schwach paternalistisch begründet werden können. Hierfür werden unterschiedliche Theorien des Wohls diskutiert und eine hybride subjektiv-objektive Theorie des Wohlergehens als geeigneter Maßstab zur Beurteilung des Wohls von Personen mit psychischen Erkrankungen vorgestellt. Mittels einer Fallanalyse wird dargelegt, in welchen Fällen eine Zwangsbehandlung bei Fremdgefährdung zum Wohl einer Person sein kann und ihrem mutmaßlichen Willen entspricht, und verdeutlicht, wann dies nicht der Fall ist, bzw. wann Wohl und Wille einander widersprechen.
Effect of grey relational optimization of process parameters on surface and tribological characteristics of annealed AISI P20 tool steel machined using wire EDM
Authors: Priyadarshini Manisha , Vishwanatha H. M. , Biswas Chandan Kumar , Singhal Piyush , Buddhi Dharam , Behera Ajit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo increase the productivity and quality of the machined components, wire electro-discharge machine parameters such as cutting speed, kerf width, and surface roughness are often optimized. The Wire-electro discharge machining process generates a much higher temperature at the wire-work piece interface which can potentially change the metallurgical characteristics of the machined surface. This paper studies the changes in the tribology of surface and sub-surface of the workpiece due to the initial and optimized wire-electro discharge machine parametric setting using grey relational analysis while machining sub-cooled AISI P20 tool steel. It is concluded that the optimum parametric setting to obtain a better cutting speed, kerf width, and surface roughness using grey relational analysis, which improves the productivity and quality of the component, also produces a thicker recast layer. The wear test revealed that the surface machined with an optimized parametric setting gives higher wear resistance. Detailed scanning electron microscopy explains the characteristics of the recast layer and micro-hardness explains the surface hardenability of tool steel, which is a result of martensitic transformation through rapid cooling, formed heat affected zone, and increase in oxygen content on the surface. The wear test proved that the recast layer helps in improving the wear resistivity of tool steel. The methodology of the hardening of the surface and the sub-surface layer can strengthen the application of components.