bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The placement of percutaneous retrograde acetabular posterior column screw based on imaging anatomical study of acetabular posterior column corridor
Authors: Yu Kequan , Zhou Runtao , Gao Shichang , Liang Anlin , Yang Mingming , Yang Haitao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
To explore the entry point, orientation, and fixation range of retrograde acetabular posterior column screw.

Method
The computed tomography data of 100 normal adult pelvises (50 males and 50 females, respectively) were collected and pelvis three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction was performed by using Mimics software and the 3D model was imported into Geomagic Studio software. The perspective of acetabular posterior column was carried out orienting from ischial tuberosity to iliac fossa in the Mimics software. Virtual screw was inserted perpendicular to the transverse section of acetabular posterior column corridor, and the maximum screw diameter, entry point, orientation, exit point were measured. The screw fixation range, the easy-to-penetrate sites, and intraoperative optimal fluoroscopic views were assessed.

Results
The acetabular posterior column corridor showed a triangular-prism shape. The virtual screw entry point was located at the midline between the medial and lateral edges of the ischial tuberosity. The distance between the entry point and the distal ischial tuberosity was around 13 mm. The distances between the exit point and the true pelvis rim, and ipsilateral anterior sacroiliac joint line were (19.33 ± 2.60) mm and (23.65 ± 2.42) mm in males, respectively. As for females, those two data were (17.63 ± 2.00) mm and (24.94 ± 2.39) mm, respectively. The maximum diameters of screws were (17.21 ± 1.41) mm in males and (15.54 ± 1.51) mm in females. The angle between the retrograde posterior column screw and the sagittal plane was lateral inclination (10.52 ± 3.04)° in males, and that was lateral inclination (7.72 ± 2.99)° in females. Correspondingly, the angle between the screw and the coronal plane was anterior inclination (15.00 ± 4.92)° in males, and that was anterior inclination (12.94 ± 4.72)° in females. Retrograde acetabular posterior column screw through ischial tuberosity can fix the acetabular posterior column fractures which were not 4 cm above the femoral head center. The easy-to-penetrate sites were located at the transition between the posterior acetabular wall and the ischium, the middle of the acetabulum, and 1 cm below the greater sciatic notch, respectively. The iliac oblique 10°, iliac oblique 60°, and obturator oblique 60° views were the intraoperative optimal fluoroscopic views to assess whether the screw was safely inserted.

Conclusion
Retrograde acetabular posterior column screw entry point is located at the midline between the medial and lateral edges of the ischial tuberosity, which is 1.3 cm far from the distal ischial tuberosity. The screw direction is about 10° lateral inclination and 15° anterior inclination, which can fix the acetabular posterior column fractures which were not 4 cm above the femoral head center.
Promising results in a 3-year follow-up for adults undergoing a one-stage surgery for residual talipes equinovarus as part of a humanitarian mission in Vietnam
Authors: Palmanovich Ezequiel , Ip Wing , Em Huynh , Spanko Jeffrey , Nyska Meir , Lehnert Bruce , Tavdi Alex , Ohana Nissim , Segal David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Rigid talipes equinovarus (TEV) is a complex foot deformity in which the foot is fixed in a plantarflexed, inverted, and adducted position. This pathology has the potential to severely limit basic life activities, which can be devastating for patients in developing countries. The objective of this study was to present the outcomes of patients with mature bones presenting with severe rigid TEV deformity who were operated on during a humanitarian mission to Vietnam using a single lateral approach and a simple and inexpensive fixation technique.

Methods
This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. We analyzed the outcomes of patients who underwent surgery for a severe rigid TEV that prevented them from walking minimal distances unaided. All feet were fixed in a non-plantigrade position. The surgeries were conducted as part of two International Extremity Project (IEP) missions in Can Tho, Vietnam (2013 and 2018). Pre- and post-operative AOFAS scores were compared using the paired sample t-test.

Results
We operated on 14 feet of 12 patients, 6 (50%) of whom were males, aged 34.42 ± 11.7 (range 12 to 58). Four patients were followed for three months, two patients were followed for 12 months, and eight patients were followed for three years. On the final follow-up visit of each patient, all 14 operated feet were plantigrade with good alignment, and patients reported an improvement in daily activity. After 3 years of follow-up, the mean AOFAS score of eight patients with available data improved by 42.88 ± 3.91 points (95% CI 39.61 to 46.14, P < 0.01). Our patients also reported an improvement in mobility. At the final follow-up examination, no recurrence of the deformity was observed in any of the patients.

Conclusions
Using low-technical surgical modalities, we were able to achieve plantigrade and walkable feet in patients with mature bones who had fixed rigid equinovarus.

Level of evidence
Level IV- Case Series.
Optimization of soil microbial fuel cell for sustainable bio-electricity production: combined effects of electrode material, electrode spacing, and substrate feeding frequency on power generation and microbial community diversity
Authors: Simeon Imologie Meshack , Weig Alfons , Freitag Ruth 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are among the leading research topics in the field of alternative energy sources due to their multifunctional potential. However, their low bio-energy production rate and unstable performance limit their application in the real world. Therefore, optimization is needed to deploy MFCs beyond laboratory-scale experiments. In this study, we investigated the combined influence of electrode material (EM), electrode spacing (ES), and substrate feeding interval (SFI) on microbial community diversity and the electrochemical behavior of a soil MFC (S-MFC) for sustainable bio-electricity generation.

Results
Two EMs (carbon felt (CF) and stainless steel/epoxy/carbon black composite (SEC)) were tested in an S-MFC under three levels of ES (2, 4, and 8 cm) and SFI (4, 6, and 8 days). After 30 days of operation, all MFCs achieved open-circuit voltage in the range of 782 + 12.2 mV regardless of the treatment. However, the maximum power of the SEC–MFC was 3.6 times higher than that of the CF–MFC under the same experimental conditions. The best solution, based on the interactive influence of the two discrete variables, was obtained with SEC at an ES of 4.31 cm and an SFI of 7.4 days during an operating period of 66 days. Analysis of the experimental treatment effects of the variables revealed the order SFI < ES < EM, indicating that EM is the most influential factor affecting the performance of S-MFC. The performance of S-MFC at a given ES value was found to be dependent on the levels of SFI with the SEC electrode, but this interactive influence was found to be insignificant with the CF electrode. The microbial bioinformatic analysis of the samples from the S-MFCs revealed that both electrodes (SEC and CF) supported the robust metabolism of electroactive microbes with similar morphological and compositional characteristics, independent of ES and SFI. The complex microbial community showed significant compositional changes at the anode and cathode over time.

Conclusion
This study has demonstrated that the performance of S-MFC depends mainly on the electrode materials and not on the diversity of the constituent microbial communities. The performance of S-MFCs can be improved using electrode materials with pseudocapacitive properties and a larger surface area, instead of using unmodified CF electrodes commonly used in S-MFC systems.
Dynamical analysis in controlled globally coupled map lattices
Authors: Yu Yadan , Liang Wei , Jing Taiyan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates a globally coupled map lattice. Rigorous proofs to the existence of chaos in the sense of both Li–Yorke and Devaney in two controlled globally coupled map lattices are presented. In addition, the existence of Li–Yorke chaos and Devaney chaos for a general discrete dynamical system in ${\mathbf {R}}^{N}$

R
N

and $l^{\infty}$

l
∞

is considered. For illustration, two examples are provided.
New insights into epigenetic regulation of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Dai Mengyuan , Liu Miao , Yang Hua , Küçük Can , You Hua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProgrammed cell death protein 1(PD-1) is a type of immune-inhibitory checkpoint protein, which delivers inhibitory signals to cytotoxic T cells by binding to the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) displayed on the surface of cancer cells. Antibodies blocking PD-1/PD-L1 interaction have been extensively used in treatment of human malignancies and have achieved promising outcomes in recent years. However, gradual development of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has decreased the effectiveness of this immunotherapy in cancer patients. The underlying epigenetic mechanisms need to be elucidated for application of novel strategies overcoming this immunotherapy resistance. Epigenetic aberrations contribute to cancerogenesis by promoting different hallmarks of cancer. Moreover, these alterations may lead to therapy resistance, thereby leading to poor prognosis. Recently, the epigenetic regulatory drugs have been shown to decrease the resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in certain cancer patients. Inhibitors of the non-coding RNAs, DNA methyltransferases, and histone deacetylases combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown considerable therapeutic efficacy against carcinomas as well as blood cancers. Importantly, DNA methylation-mediated epigenetic silencing can inhibit antigen processing and presentation, which promotes cancerogenesis and aggravates resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy. These observations altogether suggest that the combination of the epigenetic regulatory drugs with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may present potential solution to the resistance caused by monotherapy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
Sphingosine kinase 1 contributes to the metastatic potential of epithelial ovarian cancer to the adipocyte-rich niche
Authors: Wang Chen , Ye Taiyang , Wang Wenjing , Song Keqi , Zhu Jie , Dai Lan , Di Wen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnlike many solid tumors, epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has a clear metastatic predilection to the adipocyte-rich niche, especially the omentum. However, the underlying mechanism driving this process remains incomplete. Here we show that SphK1 is over-expressed in omental metastases compared with ovarian primary tumors in EOC patients. In vitro, inhibition of SphK1 suppressed the metastatic ability of EOC induced by adipocytes. In vivo, blockage of SphK1 could attenuate the omental metastasis of EOC. Importantly, SphK1 modulates adipocyte-induced E/N-cadherin switch through Twist1, a key process in EOC metastasis. Our study reveals a previously unrecognized role of SphK1 in modulating the metastatic tropism of EOC to the adipocyte-rich niche, suggesting a new target for EOC therapy.
Adverse childhood experiences and binge-eating disorder in early adolescents
Authors: Chu Jonathan , Raney Julia H. , Ganson Kyle T. , Wu Kelsey , Rupanagunta Ananya , Testa Alexander , Jackson Dylan B. , Murray Stuart B. , Nagata Jason M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are common and linked to negative health outcomes. Previous studies have found associations between ACEs and binge-eating disorder (BED), though they have mainly focused on adults and use cross-sectional data. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between ACEs and BED in a large, national cohort of 9–14-year-old early adolescents in the US.

Methods
We analyzed prospective cohort data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 10,145, 2016–2020). Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the associations between self-reported ACEs and BED based on the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia at two-year follow-up, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, baseline household income, parental education, site, and baseline binge-eating disorder.

Results
In the sample, (49% female, 46% racial/ethnic minority), 82.8% of adolescents reported at least one ACE and 1.2% had a diagnosis of BED at two-year follow-up. The mean number of ACEs was higher in those with a diagnosis of BED compared to those without (2.6 ± 0.14 vs 1.7 ± 0.02). The association between number of ACEs and BED in general had a dose–response relationship. One ACE (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–10.89), two ACEs (aOR 3.88, 95% CI 1.28–11.74), and three or more ACEs (aOR 8.94, 95% CI 3.01–26.54) were all associated with higher odds of BED at two-year follow-up. When stratified by types of ACEs, history of household mental illness (aOR 2.18, 95% 1.31–3.63), household violence (aOR 2.43, 95% CI 1.42–4.15), and criminal household member (aOR 2.14, 95% CI 1.23–3.73) were most associated with BED at two-year follow-up.

Conclusions
Children and adolescents who have experienced ACEs, particularly household challenges, have higher odds of developing BED. Clinicians may consider screening for ACEs and providing trauma-focused care when evaluating patients for BED.
Silence and related symptoms in children and adolescents: a network approach to selective mutism
Authors: Vogel Felix , Reichert Julian , Schwenck Christina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Silence in certain situations represents the core symptom of selective mutism (SM). However, it is unclear what additional symptoms are part of this disorder. Although knowledge of symptoms is essential for diagnostics and intervention, to date, only scarce research exists on circumscribed symptoms of SM. Given the large overlap between SM and social anxiety disorder (SAD), it remains also unclear which symptoms can differentiate both disorders.

Methods
A network analysis of potential symptoms of SM was performed based on a mixed sample of N = 899 children and adolescents with and without indication of SM (n = 629 with silence in certain situations). In a preliminary analysis, we demonstrated that children with and without silence in certain situations do not differ with respect to their network structure, justifying an analysis on the entire mixed sample. Possible communities (symptom clusters) within the network and thus potential latent variables were examined, and symptoms were analyzed in terms of their centrality (the extent to which they are associated with other symptoms in the network). To investigate the differentiability of symptoms of the SM network from symptoms of SAD, we computed a network that additionally contains symptoms of SAD.

Results
In the resulting network on symptoms of SM, silence was, as expected, the symptom with the highest centrality. We identified two communities (symptom cluster): (1) symptoms associated with the fear response of freezing, (2) symptoms associated with speech production and avoidance. SM network symptoms and SAD symptoms largely formed two separate symptom clusters, with only selectivity of speaking behavior (more talkative at home and taciturn or mute outside the home) falling into a common cluster with SAD symptoms.

Conclusions
Silence appears to have been confirmed by analysis as a core symptom of SM. Additional anxiety-related symptoms, such as avoidance behavior or motor inhibition associated with freezing, seem to co-occur with silence. The two communities of SM potentially indicate different mechanisms of silence. The symptoms of SM appear to be distinguishable from those of SAD, although there seems to be overlap in terms of difficulty speaking in situations outside the home.
Six-month stability and predictive validity of the personality inventory for ICD-11
Authors: Stricker Johannes , Jakob Louisa , Köhler Denis , Pietrowsky Reinhard 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11) personality disorder model comprises, among other elements, five maladaptive personality trait domains (negative affectivity, detachment, dissociality, disinhibition, anankastia). Recently, the personality inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD) has emerged as one of the most widely used measures of these ICD-11 personality trait domains.

Methods
The current study contributed to the validation of the PiCD validation by exploring its stability and predictive links with psychological distress over 6 months in a sample of 206 German community adults.

Results
The PiCD trait domain scales displayed strong differential (all r ≥ .80) and absolute stability (all |d| ≤ .09). Additionally, PiCD negative affectivity predicted depression, anxiety, and stress, and PiCD detachment predicted depression over 6 months beyond baseline.

Conclusion
In sum, this study demonstrated the stability of the PiCD trait domain scores, supporting their utility for capturing relatively stable traits as described in the ICD-11. Additionally, we provided the first evidence for the predictive validity of some of the PiCD trait domain scores.
Liquid and supercritical CO2 as an organic solvent in Hadean seafloor hydrothermal systems: implications for prebiotic chemical evolution
Authors: Shibuya Takazo , Takai Ken 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrebiotic chemical evolution and the emergence of life in the seafloor hydrothermal systems of Hadean Earth is among the most plausible and popular hypotheses for the origin of earthly life. In contrast, many studies pointed out that this hypothesis intrinsically harbors a critical unsolved problem called the “water paradox”: Abundant water limits dehydration synthesis and instead facilitates hydrolysis of organic molecules during the early stage of chemical evolution. However, many of these criticisms have not referred to the abundant liquid/supercritical CO2 (L/SC-CO2) fluids and pools in modern hydrothermal systems, which not only create dry environments but also behave as hydrophobic solvents at and beneath the seafloor. In this paper, we theorize the generation and preservation of a L/SC-CO2 pool in modern seafloor hydrothermal systems and reinterpret the fossil hydrothermal systems preserved in early Archean seafloor basalts. The theoretical estimation of subseafloor phase separation and phase segregation of CO2-rich hydrothermal fluids suggests the presence of L/SC-CO2 fluids and pools in Hadean seafloor hydrothermal systems. Because they behave as hydrophobic organic solvents, L/SC-CO2 can potentially initiate the dehydration synthesis of organic molecules in seafloor hydrothermal systems. Moreover, at the interface between L/SC-CO2 and H2O-rich fluid (seawater or hydrothermal fluid), amphiphilic molecules might be generated and triggered into self-assembled growth. Based on the abundant occurrence and physicochemical properties of L/SC-CO2 fluids, we propose a new stepwise concept for the origin of life, whereby prebiotic chemical evolution was co-hosted and facilitated by L/SC-CO2 in Hadean water-rich seafloor hydrothermal systems. This “liquid/supercritical CO2 hypothesis” potentially overcomes the water paradox and strengthens the idea that earthly life was hatched in deep-sea hydrothermal systems.
Comparative analysis of international codes of practice for pile foundation design considering negative skin friction effect
Authors: Zhanabayeva Assel , Abdialim Shynggys , Satyanaga Alfrendo , Kim Jong , Moon Sung-Woo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNegative skin friction (NSF) effect on pile foundation design attracts the attention of geotechnical engineers and requires comprehensive research. However, the ways of consideration of NSF for the pile foundation design vary with different design codes. This study aims to compare design code requirements adhering to Construction Codes and Regulations (i.e., SNiP), Eurocode 7 (EC7), Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC), and AASHTO for the pile foundation design subjected to NSF and provide insights for the understanding effect of NSF on the behavior of pile foundation. The overall objective is achieved by designing three cases of a driven pile for given design conditions in Astana city. Then, a sensitivity analysis was performed to estimate the effects of the dimensions of the pile foundation and the shear strength of soils on the bearing resistance. The comparative analysis shows that pile foundation design adhering to CHBDC and AASHTO results in a more conservative strategy than SNiP and EC7 when considering Kazakhstani soil engineering conditions.
Assessment of undernutrition using the composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) and its determinants: A cross-sectional study in the rural area of the Bogor District in Indonesia
Authors: Permatasari Tria Astika Endah , Chadirin Yudi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) can comprehensively identify undernutrition by combining several indicators of nutritional status – namely, weight-for-age, length/height-for-age and weight-for-length/height – to determine the nutritional status of children under five years of age. This study aims to assess undernutrition using the CIAF and its determinants on children under five years of age in the Bogor District, Indonesia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted during February–May 2019 among 330 mother-children pairs (with children under five), selected by systematic random sampling from four villages as undernutrition pockets in the rural area of Bogor District, Indonesia. The nutritional status of the children was assessed by measuring weight and length/height. Z-score was calculated using WHO Anthro software and was categorized based on conventional indices, including weight-for-age (WAZ), length/height-for-age (HAZ) and weight-for-length/height (WHZ). The CIAF is measured based on a combination of conventional index measurements. In addition, mothers’ and childrens’ characteristics and clean living behaviour are assessed via structured questionnaires. Environmental sanitation is assessed using the environment meter. Binary logistic regression analysis with SPSS version 22.0 is used to analyse the dominant factors associated with undernutrition.ResultsAmong children under five, 42.1% experienced anthropometric failure (overall prevalence of undernutrition based on the CIAF), 2.4% experienced wasting only, 5.8% were classified as both wasting and underweight, 2.1% as wasting, underweight and stunting, 16.4% as underweight and stunting, 11.5% as stunting only, and 3.9% as underweight only. Assessment of nutritional status using a conventional anthropometric index shows that respective prevalences of underweight, stunted and wasted were 27.8, 29.7, and 10.6%. The mother’s height is the most dominant factor associated with anthropometric failure [p = 0.008; AOR = 1.95; 95% CI: 2.19–3.19]. The most dominant factors associated with the conventional undernutrition indices of underweight, stunted and wasted are, respectively, family income [p = 0.018; AOR = 5.44; 95% CI: 1.34–22.11], mother’s height [p = < 0.001; AOR = 3.29; 95% CI:1.83–5.91] and child’s age [p = 0.013; AOR = 2.59; 95% CI: 1.22–5.47].ConclusionNearly half of children under five experience anthropometric failure. Specific nutrition improvement interventions and specific nutrition interventions during pregnancy and lactation are needed, especially for malnourished mothers, to prevent malnutrition in infant.