bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of Redox‐Active Ester Reactivity Enables a General Cross‐Electrophile Approach to Access Arylated Strained Rings**
Authors: Salgueiro Daniel C. , Chi Benjamin K. , Guzei Ilia A. , García‐Reynaga Pablo , Weix Daniel J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStrained rings are increasingly important for the design of pharmaceutical candidates, but cross‐coupling of strained rings remains challenging. An attractive, but underdeveloped, approach to diverse functionalized carbocyclic and heterocyclic frameworks containing all‐carbon quaternary centers is the coupling of abundant strained‐ring carboxylic acids with abundant aryl halides. Herein we disclose the development of a nickel‐catalyzed cross‐electrophile approach that couples a variety of strained ringN‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHP) esters, derived from the carboxylic acid in one step, with various aryl and heteroaryl halides under reductive conditions. The chemistry is enabled by the discovery of methods to control NHP ester reactivity, by tuning the solvent or using modified NHP esters, and the discovery thatt‐BuBpyCamCN, an L2X ligand, avoids problematic side reactions. This method can be run in flow and in 96‐well plates.
Enhancing the Release Efficiency of a Molecular Chemotherapeutic Prodrug by Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Yuan Jie , Zhou Qian‐Hui , Xu Shuai , Zuo Qing‐Ping , Li Wei , Zhang Xing‐Xing , Ren Tian‐Bing , Yuan Lin , Zhang Xiao‐Bing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTumor‐specific, hypoxia‐activated prodrugs have been developed to alleviate the side effects of chemotherapy drugs. However, the release efficiency of hypoxia‐activated prodrugs is restricted by the degree of tumor hypoxia, which further leads to poor cancer treatment effects. On the other hand, oxygen is consumed gradually in photodynamic therapy (PDT), which aggravates hypoxia at the tumor site. In this study, we combined hypoxia‐activated prodrugs with PDT agents to promote the prodrugs release, thereby improving their bioavailability and therapeutic effects. As a proof of concept, a mitochondria‐targeted molecular prodrug, CS‐P, was designed and synthesized. It can be selectively activated by tumor hypoxia to release chemotherapeutic drugs and photosensitizers, and then further discharge drugs after light irradiation. The design strategy proposed in this paper provides a new idea for enhancing hypoxia‐activated prodrug release and real‐time monitoring prodrug release.
Recent developments and prospects in the extraction, composition, stability, food applications, and in vitro digestion of plant oil bodies
Authors: Hao Jia , Li Xiaoyu , Wang Qiuyu , Lv Wenwen , Zhang Wenguan , Xu Duoxia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOil bodies (OBs) are micron‐ or submicron‐sized sub‐organelles widely found in plants seeds and nuts. The structure of OBs is composed of a core of neutral lipids covered by a phospholipid‐protein layer, which ensures the stability of OBs under extreme environmental conditions and further protects core lipids as energy reserves. As naturally pre‐emulsified oil‐in‐water emulsions, OBs have been gradually applied to replace synthetically engineered oil droplets. In this paper, the recent research on the extraction, composition, stability, food applications, in vitro digestion, and future perspectives of plant OBs were reviewed. Recent studies have focused on the large‐scale extraction techniques and OBs surface protein identification and function. Electrostatic deposition and viscosity effect of polysaccharides significantly improve the stability of OBs emulsions. OBs have broad application prospects in replacing milk fat droplets, as fat replacers and delivery vehicles, and fabricating emulsion‐gels, oleogels or edible films. Notably, oleosins present a potential allergen risk. OBs are digested slowly, resulting in increased satiety and effectively helping to reduce calorie intake, but this can negatively affect the bioaccessibility of nutritional compounds in OBs. When OB as a delivery vehicle, its natural structure may be disrupted, whereas OBs‐based delivery system facilitates the bioaccessibility of hydrophobic active compounds.
Emerging Approaches for Enabling RNAi Therapeutics
Authors: Mallick Argha M. , Tripathi Archana , Mishra Sukumar , Mukherjee Asmita , Dutta Chiranjit , Chatterjee Ananya , Sinha Roy Rituparna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) is a primitive evolutionary mechanism developed to escape incorporation of foreign genetic material. siRNA has been instrumental in achieving the therapeutic potential of RNAi by theoretically silencing any gene of interest in a reversible and sequence‐specific manner. Extrinsically administered siRNA generally needs a delivery vehicle to span across different physiological barriers and load into the RISC complex in the cytoplasm in its functional form to show its efficacy. This review discusses the designing principles and examples of different classes of delivery vehicles that have proved to be efficient in RNAi therapeutics. We also briefly discuss the role of RNAi therapeutics in genetic and rare diseases, epigenetic modifications, immunomodulation and combination modality to inch closer in creating a personalized therapy for metastatic cancer. At the end, we present, strategies and look into the opportunities to develop efficient delivery vehicles for RNAi which can be translated into clinics.
A novel red phosphor Ca2YNbO6:Eu3+ for WLEDs
Authors: Shi Youzhen , Cui Ruirui , Gong Xinyong , Deng Chaoyong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDue to the advantages of good physicochemical properties, thermal stability, and optical properties, double perovskite compounds have received extensive attention. On this basis, a new type of red phosphor, Ca2YNbO6:xEu3+, was synthesized using a high‐temperature solid‐phase method. Its phase purity, morphology, elemental composition, absorption spectrum, photoluminescence, thermal stability, and Commission Internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates were thoroughly investigated. The results display that there is no impurity phase in the samples and the convergence factor Rwp = 14.2%; the microscopic particles are uniform and full, and the distribution of each element is uniform. The energy band gap ΔE is between 3.71 eV and 3.65 eV. The luminescence intensity is the best when the doped Eu3+ concentration x reaches 0.4, and emits 612 nm red light (5D0→7F2) under 465 nm excitation, and the concentration quenching is attributed to a d–d interaction. The luminescence intensity at 425 K was still 75% of the room temperature luminescence intensity, which indicates that the thermal stability is extremely superior. The CIE chromaticity coordinates (0.6534, 0.3455) of the Ca2YNbO6:0.4Eu3+ phosphors are very close to National Television Standards Committee (0.670, 0.330), and the samples have low correlated colour temperature (2656 K) and high colour purity (99.90%). All findings suggest that Ca2YNbO6:Eu3+ can serve as a substitute for red phosphor in WLEDs.
Synthesis of single‐chain antibody fragment fused to the elastin‐like polypeptide in Nicotiana benthamiana and its application in affinity precipitation of difficult to produce proteins
Authors: Marín Viegas Vanesa S. , Ocampo Carolina G. , Restucci Fernando E. , Vignolles Florencia , Mazzini Flavia N. , Candreva Ángela M. , Petruccelli Silvana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlants are economical and sustainable factories for the production of recombinant proteins. Currently, numerous proteins produced using different plant‐based systems with applications as cosmetic and tissue culture ingredients, research and diagnostic reagents, and industrial enzymes are marketed worldwide. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of a plant‐based system to synthesize a single‐chain antibody (scFv)—elastin‐like polypeptide (ELP) fusion to be applied as an affinity precipitation reagent of the difficult to produce recombinant proteins. We used the human tissue transglutaminase (TG2), the main celiac disease autoantigen, as a proof of concept. We cloned a TG2‐specific scFv and fused it to a short hydrophobic ELP tag. The anti‐TG2‐scFv‐ELP was produced in Nicotiana benthamiana and was efficiently recovered by an inverse transition cycling procedure improved by coaggregation with bacteria‐made free ELP. Finally, the scFv‐ELP was used to purify both plant‐synthesized human TG2 and also Caco‐2‐TG2. In conclusion, this study showed for the first time the usefulness of a plant‐based expression system to produce an antibody‐ELP fusion designed for the purification of low‐yield proteins.
Interactive effects of brand reputation and ESG on green bond issues: A sustainable development perspective
Authors: Cheng Louis T. W. , Sharma Piyush , Broadstock David C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper shows that brand reputation alone may not be sufficient to help firms successfully issue green bonds and that they may need superior corporate social responsibility performance in the form of high ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) scores to unlock the full potential of their brand reputation. Using a sample of 338 international green bond issues across 108 unique firms, we found significant positive effects of ESG disclosure score and its interaction brand reputation on the issuance of green bonds while controlling for other variables, such as fixed effects of industry, region, and time. We also show that it is the S (Social) component of ESG and the interactions of its E (Environmental) and G (Governance) components with brand reputation which drive successful green bond issuance. Besides extending the current research on the impact of brand reputation and ESG on green bonds, these results also have important managerial implications for analysts, fund managers, and firms planning to raise green capital.
Microneedles loaded with glutathione‐scavenging composites for nitric oxide enhanced photodynamic therapy of melanoma
Authors: Jia Fan , Yu Weijiang , Li Xinfang , Chen Yonghang , Wang Youxiang , Ji Jian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) represents an attractive promising route for melanoma treatment. However, its therapeutic efficacy is compromised by inefficient drug delivery and high glutathione (GSH) levels in cancer cells. To overcome these challenges, microneedles (MNs) system loaded with GSH‐scavenging nanocomposites was presented for nitric oxide (NO) enhanced PDT. The nanocomposites consisted of S‐nitroso‐N‐acrylate penicillamine (SNAP; a NO donor) grafted fourth‐generation polyamide amine dendrimer (G4) and chlorin e6 (Ce6). Upon local insertion of polyvinylpyrrolidone MNs, G4‐SNAP/Ce6 composites were fast delivered and significantly amplified the therapeutic effects during PDT, via GSH depletion and reactive nitrogen species generation. Even with a single administration and low power light exposure, MNs with G4‐SNAP/Ce6 effectively halt the tumor progression. The system demonstrated better cancer ablation efficacy than Ce6 alone toward melanoma. The strategy may inspire new ideas for future PDT‐related therapy for skin tumors.
Proposal of an automated tumor‐stromal ratio assessment algorithm and a nomogram for prognosis in early‐stage invasive breast cancer
Authors: Xu Qian , Chen Yuan‐Yuan , Luo Ying‐Hao , Zheng Jin‐Sen , Lin Zai‐Huan , Xiong Bin , Wang Lin‐Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe tumor‐stromal ratio (TSR) has been verified to be a prognostic factor in many solid tumors. In most studies, it was manually assessed on routinely stained H&E slides. This study aimed to assess the TSR using image analysis algorithms developed by the Qupath software, and integrate the TSR into a nomogram for prediction of the survival in invasive breast cancer (BC) patients.MethodsA modified TSR assessment algorithm based on the recognition of tumor and stroma tissues was developed using the Qupath software. The TSR of 234 invasive BC specimens in H&E‐stained tissue microarrays (TMAs) were assessed with the algorithm and categorized as stroma‐low or stroma‐high. The consistency of TSR estimation between Qupath prediction and pathologist annotation was analyzed. Univariable and multivariable analyses were applied to select potential risk factors and a nomogram for predicting survival in invasive BC patients was constructed and validated. An extra TMA containing 110 specimens was obtained to validate the conclusion as an independent cohort.ResultsIn the discovery cohort, stroma‐low and stroma‐high were identified in 43.6% and 56.4% cases, respectively. Good concordance was observed between the pathologist annotated and Qupath predicted TSR. The Kaplan–Meier curve showed that stroma‐high patients were associated with worse 5‐DFS compared to stroma‐low patients (p = 0.007). Multivariable analysis identified age, T stage, N status, histological grade, ER status, HER‐2 gene, and TSR as potential risk predictors, which were included in the nomogram. The nomogram was well calibrated and showed a favorable predictive value for the recurrence of BC. Kaplan–Meier curves showed that the nomogram had a better risk stratification capability than the TNM staging system. In the external validation of the nomogram, the results were further validated.ConclusionsBased on H&E‐stained TMAs, this study successfully developed image analysis algorithms for TSR assessment and constructed a nomogram for predicting survival in invasive BC.
Work‐life balance and burnout in financial planning profession
Authors: Sunder Aman , Lehman Jennifer , Henderson Rebecca 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study examines the work environment outcomes in the financial planning profession, job‐related burnout, and work‐life balance satisfaction, using a convenience sample of survey respondents employed in the financial planning profession. The study compares subgroups based on gender, job role, firm size, and their CFP® certification controlling for relevant factors such as type of industry, weekly working hours, work‐life conflict, the flexibility provided by the employer, and demographics. Results indicated that the women in smaller firms are more satisfied with work‐life balance. In general, smaller firm sizes are associated with lower personal accomplishment, higher satisfaction from work‐life balance, and lower impersonal response toward clients measured by Depersonalization scores of Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). MBI Depersonalization scores are higher for CEOs and owners of the firms. In addition, the CFP® certification is associated with greater satisfaction from work‐life balance. The results build on previous research to provide insight into aspects that can improve participation in the profession. Future research should find ways to attract diverse participants to improve success and satisfaction outcomes for all professionals and firm sizes.
Superacid‐Mediated Late‐Stage Aromatic Polydeuteration of Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Appert Emeline , Martin‐Mingot Agnès , Karam Omar , Zunino Fabien , Michelet Bastien , Bouazza Fodil , Thibaudeau Sébastien 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe field of medicinal chemistry is currently witnessing a deuterium rush owing to the remarkable properties of this element as bioisoster of hydrogen atom. Aromatic hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) is one of the most studied strategies nowadays as it promises to access deuterium‐modified drugs directly from their non‐labeled parents. While most of the recent studies focus on metal‐catalyzed C−H activation strategy, the use of superacidic conditions has been largely overlooked. This study shows that the use of TfOD as reaction medium allows the late‐stage polydeuteration of a broad library of pharmaceuticals bearing a wide array of functional groups, complementing existing procedures.
Global trends in oncology research: A mixed‐methods study of publications and clinical trials from 2010 to 2019
Authors: Akiki Vincent , Troussard Xavier , Metges Jean‐Philippe , Devos Patrick 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the cancer research effort of some major countries over two 5‐year periods (2010–2014 and 2015–2019) on the basis of scientific publications and interventional clinical trial metrics and to analyze the relationship between research effort and cancer burden (incidence and mortality).Materials and MethodsClinical trials were extracted from ClinicalTrials.gov using a specific query. Publications were identified in Web of Science (WoS) using a query based on keywords and were then analyzed using InCites, a bibliometric tool. Bibliometric indicators were computed per country and per period.ResultsDuring 2010–2019, 1 120 821 cancer‐related publications were identified in WoS, with 447 900 and 672 921 (+50%) articles respectively published in 2010–2014 and 2015–2019. Meanwhile, 38% and 7% of the articles were published in oncology and cell biology journals, respectively. Exactly 30% of the published articles were contributed by the USA. In the study period, China strongly increased its production and overspecialization. Apart from China, which had a low normalized citation impact (NCI), almost all countries increased their NCIs; in particular, France's NCI increased from 1.69 to 2.44. As for clinical trials, over 36 856 were opened worldwide during that period. Over 17 000 (46.5%) opened in the USA, which remained the leader during the study period. China ranked second worldwide in terms of the number of open trials in 2015–2019. Results revealed that the 17 cancer localizations versus cancer burden and research effort showed no evident relationship.ConclusionThe results may provide a scientific basis for decision making for continued research. Based on bibliometric data, this type of study will aid public health policymaking and lead to a more transparent public fund allocation.
Web API recommendation via combining graph attention representation and deep factorization machines quality prediction
Authors: Cao Buqing , Peng Mi , Qing Yueying , Liu Jianxun , Kang Guosheng , Li Bing , Fletcher Kenneth K. 
Published: June 2022

SUMMARYAs more and more companies and organizations encapsulate and publish their business data or resources to the Internet in the form of APIs, the number of web APIs has grown exponentially. For this reason, it has become challenging to quickly and effectively find web APIs from such a large‐scale web API collection, which meet the requirements of mashup developers. To this end, this article focuses on recommending suitable web APIs to build high‐quality mashups by classifying and integrating content‐oriented service functionality with service invocation prediction. The proposed web API recommendation method for mashup development uses graph attention representation and DeepFM quality prediction. First, it uses the web API composition and shared annotation relationships to construct a web API relationship network. Second, it applies the self‐attention mechanism to compute the attention coefficients of different neighboring nodes in the web API relationship network. So, for a specific web API node, the weighted sum of the importance of its neighboring nodes and features characterizes that web API node. Doing so ensures that the service can be divided more accurately into different functional clusters via high‐quality characterization. Third, for the web APIs in a cluster, the high‐quality representation results are combined with multidimensional quality of service attributes. It employs the DeepFM to model and mine complex interaction relationships between features and subsequently predict and rank the invocation scores of web APIs. Finally, experiments are compared and analyzed on real‐world web API datasets. It can be seen from the results of several groups of comparative experiments that the proposed method outperforms other nine baseline methods on accuracy, recall, F1, DCG, and AUC and achieved a good classification accuracy and recommendation effect.
Safe and secured routing using multi‐objective fractional artificial lion algorithm in WSN
Authors: Suman Prakash Perumalla , Kavitha Dwaram , Chenna Reddy Pakanati 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe routing process in WSN needs to be more secure and safe, thus a secure routing process is carried out in this research, where the source node transmits packet simultaneously to destination. WSN nodes are simulated initially, and then the optimal cluster head (CH) from the entire nodes are selected. Here, CH selection is done with the developed Fractional Artificial Lion algorithm (FAL) method. The proposed FAL approach is introduced by combining fractional Calculus, Lion Optimization Algorithm (LOA), and the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC). Moreover, the fitness parameters, like delay, energy, distance, and link lifetime (LLT) where the minimal distance is chosen as the best path. Consequently, route maintenance is done after the secure routing. Moreover, the performance of devised FAL is compared with various performance metrics, like several alive nodes, energy, distance, and throughput. The developed FAL approach obtains a maximal alive node of 45, a minimal distance of 9.29 m, maximal energy of 0.14 J, and maximal throughput of 92.25%.
Analysis of electricity consumption behaviors based on principal component analysis and density peak clustering
Authors: Yang Qin , Yin Shihao , Li Qingpeng , Li Yongping 
Published: June 2022

SUMMARYAnalysis of electricity consumption behaviors lays the foundation for power grid planning, demand‐side response, electricity pricing, and energy efficiency improvement. In this study, we used the principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of electricity load data and used the density peak clustering algorithm based on K‐nearest neighbors and shared nearest neighbor similarity (DPC‐KS) for cluster analysis of load profiles so as to obtain the electricity consumption behaviors of customers. In DPC‐KS, the local density was defined by integrating the idea of K‐nearest neighbors to find the density peaks, which promoted the accuracy of the cluster centers found. Also, a sample similarity measure criterion of shared nearest neighbor similarity was defined, a sample similarity matrix was built, and the samples were allocated accordingly, which enables a more accurate allocation of the remaining samples. Additionally, PCA and DPC‐KS were used to conduct cluster analysis for the electricity load data of 315 dedicated substation customers in a region, and four types of electricity consumption behaviors were obtained and analyzed. The experiments validated the effectiveness of DPC‐KS, and DPC‐KS provided technical support for intelligent decision‐making in the power grid.