bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VEGF expression in cetuximab resistance development in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and oral mucosa.
Authors: Lyanova Aza A. , Vladimirova Liubov Yu , Ulianova Elena P. , Abramova Natalia A. , Popova Irina L. , Storozhakova Anna E. , Tikhanovskaya Natalia M. , Ryadinskaya Ludmila A. , Teplyakova Maria A. , Kabanov Sergey N. , Kalabanova Elena A. , Udalenkova Irina A. , Engibaryan Marina A. , Pustovaya Irina V. , Cherkes Maria A. , Sergeeva Marina M. 
Published: June 2022

e18072 Background: Clinical course and aggressiveness of a tumor, as well as the subtle mechanisms of its pathogenesis are related to vascularization, which in turn is determined by the ability of transformed cells to synthesize a wide range of biologically active substances. Among modern approaches to cancer treatment, special attention is paid to anti-EGFR agents reducing tumor vascularization. The purpose of this study was to analyze VEGF expression in tumor vessels in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and oral mucosa developing cetuximab resistance. Methods: The study included 45 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and oral mucosa T3-4N0-1M0. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 – all patients before treatment; group 2 – patients after standard chemotherapy with cisplatin and fluorouracil; group 3 – patients after chemotherapy in combination with targeted therapy with cetuximab. Immunohistochemical study was performed on sections from paraffin blocks of tumors using monoclonal murine anti-VEGF antibodies (clone VG1, Thermo Scientific) diluted 1:150. The Reveal Polyvalent HRP-DAB Detection System was used. The significance of differences was assessed using the Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon tests calculated using the STATISTICA 10.0 program (StatSoftInc., USA). Results: Changes in the density of vessels stained with the VEGF marker were studied in tumor cells of patients in all groups. Patients in group 1 had from 3 to 10 vessels in one field of view; in group 2 – from 2 to 6 vessels in 70% of cases (21) and up to 15 vessels in 30% of cases (9); in group 3 – only solitary vessels. The average numbers of microvessels stained with the VEGF marker per field of view were 6.5±1.52; 4.5±1.71; 1.0±0.28, respectively. Quantification of intratumoral microvascular density showed that the minimum number of microvasculature vessels in the field of view was observed in patients who received chemotherapy and targeted therapy with cetuximab. The value was 5 times lower compared to initial values, and 4 times lower than in patients who received only standard chemotherapy (the Mann Whitney test, p < 0.05). The statistical analysis according to the Wilcoxon test on the effect of targeted therapy (comparison between groups 2 and 3) revealed a statistically significant effect of cetuximab for this marker (p = 0.028). Conclusions: Immunohistochemical analysis of the VEGF neoangiogenesis factor in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and oral mucosa confirmed the effectiveness of targeted therapy with cetuximab.
Facility type and late-stage Thyroid Hürthle Cell Adenocarcinoma: A NCDB Review.
Authors: Keirns Darby , Silberstein Peter T. , Eaton Vincent 
Published: June 2022

e18074 Background: Hürthle cell adenocarcinoma, or oxyphilic adenocarcinoma, is a rare and invasive cancer accounting for 3-4% of all thyroid malignancies. Surgical removal is the most common treatment. Survival differences based on treatment facility have been identified in other cancers, but this has not yet been studied in Hürthle cell adenocarcinoma. This study utilizes the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to investigate facility survival differences. Methods: Using the NCDB, 2,900 patients with stage III or IV oxyphilic adenocarcinoma of the thyroid were identified with ICD-O-3 histology code 8290/3 and primary site C739 between years 2004 and 2016. Facility types included community cancer, comprehensive community cancer, academic/research, and integrated network cancer programs. Between-facility type survival differences were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and associated log-rank tests. Descriptive statistics of race, sex, stage, facility location, urban/rural 2013, primary payer, median income quartile, and Charlson-Deyo score were used. All analysis was conducted using SPSS statistical software version 27. Results: Survival data was available for 2,017 stage III patients and 644 stage IV patients. In stage III, survival was lower in community programs when compared to academic/research (p = .011) and integrated network programs (p = .017). In stage IV, survival was also lower in community programs when compared to academic/research (p = .007) and integrated network programs (p = .011). No significant difference was seen within other comparisons. In both stages, the highest percentage of patients were white, had a Charlson-Deyo score of 0, and were treated in an urban metro area. Sex and facility location were variable among all stages and facilities. In stage III, private insurance was most common overall and for academic/research programs, but Medicare was the majority for other facility types. In stage IV, Medicare was most common overall and for each facility. The median income quartile was > $63,000 across all facility types for stage III and overall for stage IV, although stage IV treated in community and integrated network programs were most commonly between $48,000-$62,999. Conclusions: Patients with late-stage Hürthle cell adenocarcinoma have worse survival when treated in a community program than other facility types. Most demographics were consistent across stage and facility type, except for sex, primary insurance, median income, and facility location. This data contributes to a developing understanding of differences in cancer survival.[Table: see text]
Real-world analysis of use of lenvatinib in differentiated thyroid cancers.
Authors: Peelay Zoya , Pathak Shruti , Patil Vijay Maruti , Prabhash Kumar , Noronha Vanita , Menon Nandini Sharrel 
Published: June 2022

e18075 Background: Lenvatinib is one of the approved treatments for radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancers. However, there is very limited data from India on real-world efficacy and adverse events of Lenvatinib and hence this analysis was performed. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis in which patients of radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer as per the select study criteria who received lenvatinib were selected for the study over the last 4 years. The baseline demographic characteristics, adverse events of lenvatinib, the date of progression and the date of overall survival (OS) were extracted from the electronic medical records (EMR) of the Tata Memorial Hospital. SPSS version 20 was used for analysis. Results: Thirty patients were identified. The median age was 54.5 years (25-77). The male: female ratio was1:1. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) was 0-1 in 21(70%), 2 in 4(13.3%) and 3 in 5(16.7%). The thyroid status was hypothyroid in 10 patients (33.3%), euthyroid in 12(40%) and hyperthyroid in 8(26.7%). In 5 patients it had to be stopped because of toxicity, these were proteinuria in 2, a hand-foot syndrome in 2 and diarrhoea in 1. The response rate was 56.7% (n = 17). The median progression-free survival (PFS) on lenvatinib was 366 days(95%CI 170.3-561.67) and the 2 year PFS was 29.3% (standard error 12.1) The median overall survival (OS) on lenvatinib was 411 days (95%CI 95.5-726.6). The 2 year OS was 38.8% (standard error -12.5%) and 5 year OS was 14.6% (standard error 12.1). Conclusions: In the real world lenvatinib provides a 2 year PFS and OS of 29.3% and 38.8% which is lower than that reported in the pivotal SELECT study.
Mammary analog secretory carcinoma in adults: A systematic review.
Authors: Findakly Dawood , Beedupalli Kavitha 
Published: June 2022

e18076 Background: Mammary analog secretory carcinoma (MASC) is a rare malignant salivary gland tumor of the head and neck region that was first described by Skálová et al. in 2010. It histologically mimics breast secretory carcinoma and parotid acinic cell carcinoma, and characterized by ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene. This review aims to investigate the clinicopathologic features, treatment, and outcomes of MASC in adults. Methods: PubMed search for MASC adults (18+ years) from data inception through 2021, pooled with a case from our institution. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to plot survival curves. Results: Of the 254 included cases, female:male ratio 1.02:1 with a mean age at diagnosis (±SD, range) of 50.1 (±16.7, 18–86) years. In terms of location, 143 (56.3%) occurred in the parotid gland, 21 (8.3%) in the submandibular gland, 21 (8.3%) in the lip, 15 (5.9%) in the thyroid gland–all (100%) had a component of classical type papillary carcinoma, 15 (5.9%) were cutaneous, 13 (5.1%) in the buccal mucosa, 12 (4.7%) split between hard and soft palate, 4 (1.6%) in the nasal mucosa, 2 (0.8%) in the lung, and remaining 8 (3.1%) each in the conjunctiva, tongue, minor salivary gland, submaxillary gland, maxillary sinus, ethmoid sinus, upper esophagus, and mandible. Patients mostly presented with swelling or growing mass in 95.4% (out of which, 93.3% were painless), followed by a painful ulcer in 1.8%. Median tumor size was 1.9 cm (range 0.3cm–8.5cm). Median duration of symptoms at time of presentation was 12 (range 1-360) months. Tumors were T1 (49.7%), T2 (23.9%), T3 (20.3%), and T4 (6.1%), N0 (81.9%), N1 (10.7%), N2 (7.4%), M0 (97.4%), and M1 (2.6%). Most patients (70.7%) presented as early stage (I or II) which was associated with a high survival probability based on a log-rank test (p-value: 0.0007). All patients had surgical resection, mostly combined with neck dissection (ND) in11.4%, radiation (RT) in 7.8%, ND+RT in 4.7%, ND with platinum-based chemoradiation in 1.0%, and one case reported use of Crizotinib followed by Entrectinib with disease progression at 4.5 and 7 months, respectively. Among patients with reported outcomes, 92.2% were alive with a median follow-up of 26 (range 1-228) months, and 7.8% deceased with a median time-to-death of 29 (range 1-107) months. Eleven (4.3%) reported a high-grade MASC and 18.5% of patients lived for over five years after their diagnosis. Conclusions: Early stage was a notable predictor of higher survival probability in MASC patients. Its rarity, heterogeneity of clinical behaviors, and variable outcomes make it even more challenging. This review serves as real-world evidence to further our understanding of this rare entity and shed light on prospective clinical trial design.
An audit of anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid from a single institution.
Authors: Kanteti Aditya pavan kumar , Ghose Joy , Patil Vijay Maruti , Tamhankar Anup Sunil , Abraham George , Noronha Vanita , Laskar Sarbani , Menon Nandini Sharrel , Pai P. S. , Prabash Kumar 
Published: June 2022

e18084 Background: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare thyroid malignancy with a dire prognosis, nearly 100% disease specific mortality and a median overall survival of less than 6 months. In view of the limited data from India on anaplastic thyroid cancer we conducted this audit to analyze the treatment pattern, outcomes and factors influencing it. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of outcomes of patients treated in a single institution between Jan 2008- Dec 2020. Baseline characteristics, treatment received and outcomes among adult patients with ATC were collected. Progression free survival (PFS) and Overall survival (OS) were analyzed. SPSS version 20 and R Studio version 3.1.1 were used for analysis. Results: In this cohort of 134 patients, the median age at diagnosis was 59 years, with 63.4% of them being females. At presentation, 70.9% of them had good performance status (PS 0-1). Only 38.8% received treatment with radical intent (either surgery f.b adjuvant or NACT f.b surgery f.b adjuvant or definitive CTRT) while 61.2% patients received palliative treatment (either palliation alone or palliative chemotherapy or palliative surgery or palliative RT). Predominant pattern of progression was local progression (79.8%). Median PFS and OS of the overall cohort was 58 days and 80 days respectively. PFS and OS was significantly better in patients treated with radical intent vs. palliative intent (116 and 134 days Vs 45 and 50 days; p = 0.00 and 0.00 respectively). Among patients treated with radical intent, OS was significantly better in patients undergoing surgery Vs CTRT (155 Vs 76days; p = 0.03). Among patients treated with upfront surgery, both PFS and OS were better with the addition of adjuvant CTRT/RT Vs no adjuvant (332 and 540 days vs 55 and 91 days; p = 0.00 and 0.003 respectively). Conclusions: ATC is a rare cancer with dismal prognosis. Local therapy with surgery followed adjuvant seems to be associated with the better outcomes. Systemic therapy seems to be a better option for palliation. However the outcomes are far from satisfactory and research is required for development of affordable therapies.
Characterization of URST1 as a biomarker and therapeutic target for oral cancer.
Authors: Takano Atsushi , Yoshitake Yoshihiro , Shinohara Masanori , Daigo Yataro 
Published: June 2022

e18092 Background: Cancer-specific oncoproteins are expected to be useful for the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for oral cancers. Methods: We screened candidate oncoproteins as follows: i) Identification of up-regulated genes in oral cancers by gene microarray, ii) Validation of clinicopathological significance of their protein expression by tissue microarray, iii) Examination of their growth effect on cancer cells by siRNA/small molecule compounds, iv) Elucidation of their tumor promoting effects by enforced gene expression. Results: Using above mentioned approach, we identified URST1 (Up-regulated solid tumor 1) as a candidate. Immunohistochemical staining showed that URST1 protein expression was observed in 110 (71.0%) of 155 oral cancers that had undergone curative surgery. In addition, high level of URST1 expression was associated with poor prognosis for oral cancer patients ( P = 0.0021, by log-rank test) and it was an independent prognostic factor. Reduction of URST1 expression by siRNA specific for URST1 significantly suppressed the growth of oral cancer cell lines and induced G2/M arrest as detected by flowcytometry and time lapse imaging. In contrast, enforced expression of URST1 enhanced the growth of oral cancer cells. The growth of oral cancer cells were inhibited by the URST1 inhibitor. Microarray analysis coupled with siRNAs for URST1 suggested various URST1-related oncogenic pathways in oral cancer cells. Conclusions: URST1 is a possible prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for oral cancer.
Results of an online, globally-available survey to determine modes of cancer treatment education used by patients with cancer.
Authors: Gilreath Jeffrey A , Goewey Daphne D , Lo Mimi , McCabe Colleen , Greenly Anthony , Wilds Brandon , Stenehjem David D. 
Published: June 2022

e18523 Background: Many patients with cancer (PwC) possess a suboptimal understanding of their chemotherapy treatment plan.1 Accordingly, PwC may seek information regarding both the disease and its treatment from other resources. Purpose: A freely-accessible website was curated by oncology pharmacists to provide evidence-based educational material on chemotherapy treatment plans. Objective: To use the website to deploy an online survey assessing other modes of education routinely accessed by PwC. Methods: Between February 2020 and January 2021, PwC completed an anonymous, English language survey via www.chemoexperts.com. Results: A total of 1,036 self-identified patient users began the survey. The majority were from North America (75%). Most respondents (65%) were female. PwC were asked: “If you received education from a health care professional (HCP), what type of education did you receive?” Multiple responses were allowed. Of the 820 patients who responded to this question, 77.4% (n = 635) were given printed material, 52.3% (n = 429) were taught in clinic, 8% (n = 66) were shown videos, 5.7% (n = 47) participated in an educational class outside of clinic, and 4% (n = 33) were given magazines. Roughly 37% were directed to an internet site (n = 304; 92 to chemoexperts.com, 212 to other internet sites) by a HCP. Patients also reported using blogs (12.7%; n = 111/873 respondents), websites other than chemoexperts (85%; n = 742/873), support groups (28.4%; n = 248/873), and YouTube (15.1%; n = 132/873). Discussion: In-person teaching sessions are vital to understanding treatment plans. While the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may have lowered the percentage of PwC who are offered teaching, some PwC may still not absorb or retain all there is to know during in-person sessions and seek other resources to bolster their understanding of treatment. Although the majority of users reported receiving printed material, this too may be limited in its ability to meet the needs of all individuals. Knowing PwC may seek varying modes of education, HCPs should direct patients to resources they are familiar with. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first global survey to examine modes of education utilized by PwC. Although PwC may receive teaching in person, many still seek a variety of educational resources outside of clinic. Relying solely on printed material will not meet the needs of some PwC. When educating PwC in clinic, HCPs concerned about the validity of outside materials should direct patients to resources they are familiar with and trust. Reference: Almalki H, Absi A, Alghamdi A, Alsalmi M, Khan M. Analysis of Patient-Physician Concordance in the Understanding of Chemotherapy Treatment Plans Among Patients With Cancer. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Mar 2;3(3):e200341.
Ethnic disparities in adverse events of chemotherapy for breast cancer: A scoping review.
Authors: Hegde Siddhi , Carlos Ruth C 
Published: June 2022

e18524 Background: Ethnic disparities may contribute to a higher symptom burden of adverse events following chemotherapy and poorer response to treatment for breast cancer. The objective was to examine the intra-group and inter-group ethnic differences in adverse effects experienced by Asian breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with aromatase inhibitors or tamoxifen. Methods: A scoping review involving the Pubmed database was conducted. The search strategy included a combination of keywords and index terms related to Asians, breast cancer, CTCAE and treatment. Title, abstract and then full-text screening was performed by two reviewers. Primary research studies and systematic review articles involving female adults in peer-reviewed articles or grey literature records, of any design or date and published in English, were included. Descriptive statistics and charting was used to summarize the results. Results: Of 1765 abstracts retrieved and screened, 56 articles were ultimately included for analysis. Most articles (58.9%) studied the adverse events of tamoxifen. The majority of the studies involved Japanese patients (35.7%) followed by Chinese patients (19.6%) with an average of 8515 patients being studied per study. Only 2 studies were conducted in the US. Half the studies (50%) involved patients with TNM stage I breast cancer, postoperatively enrolled after BCS or mastectomy (71.4%). ER/PR status was reported in 58.9% of studies with an average of 494 patients being positive for either hormone receptor. HER-2 status was reported in 10 studies with an average of 53 positive HER-2 patients. 28.5% of studies involved patients with musculoskeletal adverse events following chemotherapy with aromatase inhibitors, commonly grade 3 or above (31.2%). These adverse events were arthralgia, fractures, osteoporosis or myalgia, affecting an average of 33.9% of patients in each study. 35.7% of studies involved patients with endocrinological adverse events following chemotherapy with tamoxifen. These adverse events involved menopausal symptoms, gynecological complications or endometrial cancer, affecting an average of 36.1% of patients in each study. Conclusions: Multi-level differences may contribute to the adverse events affecting Asian breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with aromatase inhibitors or tamoxifen. Improving physician knowledge of ethnic disparities in adverse events occurring in Asian ethnic subgroups can help improve overall outcomes and patient adherence through a patient-centered approach.
Mental health care for oncology patients in community settings.
Authors: Gentile Danielle , Klink Andrew J. , Jeune-Smith Yolaine , Gajra Ajeet , Feinberg Bruce A. 
Published: June 2022

e18525 Background: Research suggests that between thirty and fifty percent of patients with cancer experience psychiatric disorders across the cancer trajectory. As part of standard cancer care, mental health care can reduce distress and psychological morbidity for patients and improve their quality of life. Mental health treatment may even improve cancer survival rates.Considering the mental health issues relevant to cancer, implementation of mental health care into routine clinical care remains a challenge among community-based hematologists/oncologists (cH/O). Methods: Practicing U.S. cH/O completed a cross-sectional, web-based survey from September through November 2021. The survey collected demographic information and assessed physicians’ experiences and awareness regarding mental health diagnosis, frequency, severity, and management among their patients. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: Participants (N = 243) specialized in hematology/oncology (63%), medical oncology (36%) (1% other). The majority practiced in community-based settings unaffiliated with an academic center or hospital (73%). The majority (92%) agreed that mental health can significantly impact the health outcomes of patients with cancer. The majority (80%) frequently see patients coping with mental illness or distress. More than a quarter of the participants reported that their practice has clinical psychologists (27%), and nearly half (46%) have social workers on staff. About half (51%) occasionally refer patients for mental health services/treatment while 15% rarely or never refer. Nearly half (49%) indicated they do not have adequate resources to support the mental health needs of their patients with cancer. Conclusions: Our findings that oncologists have high levels of awareness about mental health issues among their patients with cancer is encouraging as is their incorporation of professionals on the care team to address this need. However, oncologists indicated that their available mental health resources are inadequate to meet patients’ needs and external referrals are limited. These findings suggest that additional resources and referrals are needed to ensure that patients will consistently receive the mental health care they need. Future research to assess the impact of mental health care on clinical outcomes including quality of life in patients with cancer is warranted.