bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emicizumab for the treatment of acquired hemophilia A: Retrospective review of a single‐institution experience
Authors: Chen Evan C. , Gibson William , Temoczko Paula , Connell Nathan T. , Handin Robert , Parnes Aric D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionAcquired haemophilia A (AHA) is a rare and potentially life‐threatening bleeding disorder arising from autoantibodies that inhibit coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). Treatment entails achieving haemostasis with bypassing agents or factor replacement, and eradication of the inhibitor with immunosuppressive therapy (IST). Due to the rarity of AHA, there are few prospective data to guide management.MethodsWe present a retrospective report of 11 AHA patients treated with emicizumab, a FVIII‐mimetic bispecific antibody, administered at 3 mg/kg weekly for 4 weeks in conjunction with rituximab‐based immunosuppressive therapy. The chromogenic FVIII inhibitor assay was used to assess for inhibitor eradication.ResultsThe median follow‐up was 13.9 months. The median number of days of additional haemostatic therapy or red blood cell transfusions after initiating emicizumab was 2 (range 0–15). The median was 0 days (range 0–8) for patients who did not require vascular embolization to achieve haemostasis. Eight patients achieved a complete remission (defined as recovery of FVIII activity to > 50% with a negative inhibitor test in the absence of haemostatic and IST); two patients achieved a partial remission (FVIII activity > 50% but with detectable inhibitor); one patient experienced refractory disease. One patient experienced rebleeding and two patients experienced inhibitor recurrence. No thrombotic, thrombotic microangiopathic or infectious complications occurred.ConclusionOur observations suggest emicizumab can facilitate haemostasis for AHA patients and be combined with safer, lower‐intensity immunosuppressive therapies to achieve remission.
Factor IX inhibitors in haemophilia B: A report of National Haemophilia Registry in China
Authors: Dou Xueqing , Zhang Wenhui , Poon Man‐Chiu , Zhang Xinsheng , Wu Runhui , Feng Xiaoqin , Yang Linhua , Cheng Peng , Chen Shu , Wang Ying , Zhou Hu , Huang Meijuan , Song Yanping , Jin Chenghao , Zhang Donglei , Chen Lingling , Liu Wei , Zhang Lei , Xue Feng , Yang Renchi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe development of inhibitors against factor FIX (FIX) is the most serious complication of FIX replacement therapy in haemophilia B (HB) patients. Currently, only few cohorts of HB inhibitor patients have been reported worldwide.AimThis Chinese nationwide study of HB inhibitor patients explored their risk factors for FIX inhibitor development and experience on their management.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed patient characteristics, F9 genotypes, treatment strategies and outcomes of HB inhibitor patients registered to the Chinese National Registry and Patient Organization Registry.ResultsForty‐four unique HB inhibitor patients were identified in 4485 unique HB patients registered by year 2021 to the two Registries. Inhibitor diagnosis were usually delayed and the low prevalence (.98%) may suggest some inhibitor patients were not identified. Their median age at inhibitor diagnosis was 7.5 (IQR, 3.0–14.8) years. Most patients (95.5%) had high‐titre inhibitors. Allergic/Anaphylactic reactions occurred in 59.1% patients. Large deletions and nonsense mutations were the most common F9 mutation types in our FIX inhibitor patients. Patients with large F9 gene deletions were more likely to develop inhibitors (p = .0002), while those with missense mutations had a low risk (p < .0001). Thirteen (29.5%) patients received immune tolerance induction (ITI) therapy using low‐dose prothrombin complex concentrate regimens. Twelve completed ITI with three (25.0%) achieving success. Nephrotic syndrome developed in two (16.7%) patients during ITI.ConclusionThis study reports the largest Chinese cohort of HB inhibitor patients. Large deletions were most significantly associated with inhibitor development. Low‐dose ITI might be feasible for FIX inhibitor eradication.
Effect of popping water content and amylose/amylopectin ratio on the physical properties of expanded starch products with different shear histories
Authors: Beech Daniel , Beech John , Gould Joanne , Hill Sandra 
Published: September 2022

SummaryAerated starch products are a staple of the food industry, with particular relevance in the snack market. Water plays a crucial role in the formation of such products due to its utility both as a blowing agent and as a starch plasticiser. Amylose/amylopectin ratio and shear are traditionally also important factors in starch expansion. In this study, waxy, normal and high amylose maize starch variants were expanded using a rice‐cake style popping head at water contents between 0% and 24%. This range of water contents was achieved by drying the material at 105 °C and then rehydrating by suspension over water at 50 °C until the desired water content was reached prior to popping. Sample types were further subdivided into low shear (native) and high shear (extruded) processing prior to popping. Processing history, amylose content and water content all influenced the water interaction properties of the popped products. However, density was largely governed by water content with little apparent influence of other factors. An optimum water content range to produce low‐density (and therefore high desirability in industry) products was identified in the region of ~15–21% water. Samples popped below this range exhibited suboptimal expansion whilst those popped at higher water contents experienced violent blowout.
Effects of HVEF treatment on the physicochemical properties and bacterial communities of Larimichthys crocea fillets during refrigerated storage
Authors: Qian Chenru , Pan Huijuan , Shao Haitao , Yu Qi , Lou Yongjiang , Li Yongyong 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThis study investigated the effects of a high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) on the physicochemical properties and bacterial communities of Larimichthys crocea (L. crocea) fillets. HVEF‐treated samples (5, 10 and 15 kV/m) and control samples (0 kV/m) were stored at −1 ± 0.5 °C for 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 days. Compared with the control group, the HVEF‐treated groups (10 and 15 kV/m) had less muscle fibre damage and better tissue structures. In addition, HVEF treatment delayed the decrease in springiness and hardness, improved the quality of fish during refrigerated storage and effectively extended the shelf‐life of L. crocea fillets. The HVEF‐treated groups had a considerably lower total viable count (TVC) than the control group. Furthermore, high‐throughput sequencing revealed that HVEF treatment reduced the relative abundance of Shewanella by 21.48% at 8th day, implying that spoilage bacteria growth was inhibited. The results indicated that HVEF treatment could be used as a new technology in the fish processing industry to delay L. crocea fillet deterioration.
A scientometrics analysis and visualisation of diabetic foot research from 1955 to 2022
Authors: Shen Jin‐Ming , Chen Jie , Feng Lei , Feng Chun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDiabetic foot (DF) has become a serious health problem in modern society, and it has been a hotspot of research for a long time. However, little scientometric analysis has been carried out on DF. In the present study, we analysed 8633 literature reports on DF in the Web of Science Core Collection from database inception until April 23, 2022. VOSviewer (Centre for Science and Technology Studies at Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands) and CiteSpace (College of Computing and Informatics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, United States) were employed to address high‐impact countries and institutions, journals, references, research hotspots, and key research fields in DF research. Our analysis findings indicated that publications on DF have increased markedly since 2016 and were primarily published in the United States of America. The recent studies focus on the amniotic membrane, foot ulcers, osteomyelitis, and diabetic wound healing. The five keyword clusters, which included DF ulcer and wound healing therapies, management and guidelines, neuropathy and plantar pressure, amputation and ischemia, and DF infection and osteomyelitis, are helpful for enhancing prevention, standardising treatment, avoiding complications, and improving prognosis. These findings indicated a method for future therapies and research in DF.
Combining models for animal tracking: Defining behavioural states to understand space use for conservation
Authors: Peters Natasha M. , Beale Colin M. , Bracebridge Claire , Mgumba Msafiri P. , Kendall Corinne J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimRapid advances in technology have created tools able to explore how animals differ in their use of the environment based on behaviour, which can provide insights into the ecology of endangered animals and the threats they face. Though threatened, we know little of vultures' spatial ecology. We examine the external variables that affect vultures' decisions regarding space use, specifically during foraging and feeding when they are at greatest risk for encountering threats, and use this to inform effective conservation interventions.LocationTanzania, specifically Southern Tanzanian protected area networks.Taxon
Gyps africanus.
MethodsWe tracked 26 African white‐backed vultures between 2015 and 2019 in Southern Tanzania. Using hidden Markov models to identify behaviour from raw GPS points and point process models to spatially analyse these behaviours, we tested resource selection decisions in vultures during foraging and feeding, when they are at greatest risk of poisoning.ResultsAfrican white‐backed vultures are most likely to forage early in the day outside National Parks, specifically in Game Reserves and Wildlife Management Areas, but avoid areas with high livestock numbers to feed. Eastern and Western populations showed slight differences in preferences, highlighting the need for population level considerations. When not selecting for behaviour, closeness to rivers and habitat openness were more important than protected area status for predicting vulture use.Main conclusionsThrough combining complex analyses, we identified results which simple statistical analyses could not offer. Hidden Markov models and point process models are complementary and can be used to define specific behaviours and associated resource selection. These results provide insight into how animals use their habitat explicitly rather than describing where they spend most of their time. This adds to the growing evidence that although National Parks are important, the management of surrounding areas must be included in conservation efforts.
Landscape‐scale range filling and dispersal limitation of woody plants
Authors: Arnell Matilda , Eriksson Ove 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThe extent to which species fill their predicted current ranges and the underlying process of dispersal limitation have implications for species' abilities to track climate change. Range filling is intimately related to spatial scale, yet range filling estimates at high resolutions are largely lacking. In this study, we aim to estimate range filling and dispersal limitation at a high resolution for woody plants with different dispersal systems and habitat affinities.LocationSweden.TaxonAll genera of woody plants (trees and shrubs).MethodsWe estimated landscape‐scale range filling for 64 species. Two main dispersal systems, vertebrate dispersal and abiotic dispersal, occurred among these species. Range filling was estimated as the realized range divided by the potential range, that is, the occupied proportion of a species' modelled range, at a 1 km2resolution. We estimated potential ranges using species distribution models and realized ranges from presence records. To increase the likelihood that absences represented true absences the estimations were restricted to areas with high sampling effort. We tested the effects of dispersal system on range filling, controlling for species' habitat affinities.ResultsVertebrate‐dispersed woody species had significantly lower landscape‐scale range filling than species with abiotic dispersal. Range filling was also linked to habitat affinity. Species associated with intermediate levels of light and moisture had the highest range filling estimates.Main conclusionsLandscape‐scale range filling of woody species is linked to their dispersal traits. When controlling for habitat affinity, our result suggests that dispersal limitation partly explains the lower occupancy in suitable habitat found for vertebrate‐dispersed plants. Given that vertebrate‐dispersed species fail to reach suitable habitats at this scale, they are less likely to track changes in climate than woody plants with abiotic dispersal.
The effect of different salt concentrations on corn storage
Authors: Bilgin Duygu Gizem , Erbaş Mustafa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe aim of this research is to determine the protective effects of different concentrations of salt solutions on microbiological degradation, germination, and weevil activity in stored corn. For this purpose; salt solutions are prepared at four concentrations (0% control, 10, 18, and 26%), and grains are dipped into these solutions within four different durations (10, 20, 40, and 60 s). Results of this study indicate that salt application respectively increase the water content and activity values of grains by an average of 1.86% and 0.110 units. The germination loss is determined as 63% during the storage, and amount of weevils reaches 813 counts at the end of 8 months storage duration even though the initial count of weevils is 5. Increasing salt concentration has an inhibiting effect on the yeast and mold growth in corn and the 26% salt concentration caused a three‐log unit decrease in yeast and mold count.Novelty impact statement

In this research, the protective effect of salt application as a minimal treatment against mold and insects in corn storage was investigated.

It was determined that salt application reduced the number of mold in the sample a three‐log unit without causing a loss of germination in corn, but it was not effective against insects (Sitophilus oryzae).

It has been gained insight into that salt application can be more effective with a slightly drying after it is applied as a spray instead of dipping and thus it can be also a restrictive effect on insect activity.
Effects of the addition of high‐temperature water on the bubble structure, rheological properties, and sensory characteristics of gluten‐free rice flour bread
Authors: Saito Kumiko , Okouchi Maya , Yamaguchi Mana , Takechi Tayori , Hatanaka Yoshiro , Kitsuda Koji , Mannari Takayo , Takamura Hitoshi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of hot water on the rheological properties of the batter, bubble structure, and sensory properties of the bread. We focused on the thickening effect of starch gelatinization and developed a method to produce gluten‐free rice flour bread without additives by increasing the temperature of the water used in the production of gluten‐free rice flour bread. Hot water at 50–80°C was more effective than 5°C in improving bubble number and bubble size. In batters prepared using water at 68 and 70°C, which had excellent bubble structure, the frequency‐dependent fluctuations of the storage and loss moduli were smaller, while the loss coefficient values were larger. The batters showed more favorable sensory qualities at higher temperatures than the cold‐water batters. Appropriate temperature control of the water added during batter preparation can enable easier and cost‐effective preparation of high‐quality gluten‐free rice flour bread.Novelty impact statement

Appropriate temperature control of the water added during batter preparation improved the quality of gluten‐free rice flour bread.

Batter prepared with water at 68 and 70°C improved rheological properties, bubble structure, and sensory properties significantly.
The egg cell is preferentially fertilized in Arabidopsis double fertilization
Authors: Li Ling , Hou Saiying , Xiang Wei , Song Zihan , Wang Yuan , Zhang Li , Li Jing , Gu Hongya , Dong Juan , Dresselhaus Thomas , Zhong Sheng , Qu Li‐Jia 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTIn flowering plants (angiosperms), fertilization of the egg cell by one sperm cell produces an embryo, whereas fusion of a second sperm cell with the central cell generates the endosperm. In most angiosperms like Arabidopsis, a pollen grain contains two isomorphic sperm cells required for this double fertilization process. A long‐standing unsolved question is whether the two fertilization events have any preference. A tool to address this question is the usage of the cyclin‐dependent kinase a1 (cdka;1) mutant pollen, which produces a single sperm‐like cell (SLC). Here, we first adopt a complementation‐based fluorescence‐labeling method to successfully separate and collect cdka;1 mutant pollen containing a single SLC. Single‐cell RNA‐sequencing analysis revealed that cdka;1 SLCs show a gene expression profile highly similar to that of sperm cells and not to the generative cell, precursor of the two sperm cells. Pollination assays using a limited number of cdka;1 mutant pollen revealed that in 98.2% of the ovules, single fertilization of the egg cell occurred. Pollination of pistils with excessive cdka;1 mutant pollen allowed the delivery of a second SLC via fertilization recovery, which fertilized the central cell, resulting in 20.7% double‐fertilized ovules. This indicates that cdka;1 SLCs are able to fertilize both the egg and the central cell. Taken together, our findings have answered a long‐standing question and support that preferential fertilization of the egg cell is evident in Arabidopsis.
To be or not to be heavier: The role of dermal bones in the buoyancy of the Late Triassic temnospondyl amphibian Metoposaurus krasiejowensis
Authors: Kalita Sudipta , Teschner Elżbieta M. , Sander P. Martin , Konietzko‐Meier Dorota 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStereospondyli are a clade of large aquatic temnospondyls known to have evolved a large dermal pectoral girdle. Among the Stereospondyli, metoposaurids in particular possess large interclavicles and clavicles relative to the rest of the postcranial skeleton. Because of the large size of these dermal bones, it was first proposed that they served as ballast during hydrostatic buoyancy control which assisted metoposaurids to live a bottom‐dwelling mode of life. However, a large bone need not necessarily be heavy, for which determining the bone compactness becomes crucial for understanding any such adaptation in these dermal bones. Previous studies on the evolution of bone adaptations to aquatic lifestyles such as osteosclerosis, pachyostosis, osteoporotic‐like pattern and pachyosteosclerosis have been observed in the long bones of secondarily aquatic amniotes. However, there are no known studies on the analysis of bone compactness in the dermal pectoral girdle of non‐amniote taxa including Temnospondyli. This study looks at evidence of changes in bone mass adaptations in the dermal bones of the pectoral girdle of two stereospondyls occurring in the Late Triassic Krasiejόw locality (Southwestern Poland), namely: Metoposaurus krasiejowensis and Cyclotosaurus intermedius. However, because of lack of research on bone compactness of temnospondyls in general, there is no existent frame of reference to infer bone mass increase (BMI) in the M. krasiejowensis samples, and thus the bone compactness results of this taxon are compared with that of the samples of C. intermedius. Results of this study indicate that the interclavicles of M. krasiejowensis partially evolved BMI‐like condition rendering these bones to be heavy enough to get selected as ballast during hydrostatic buoyancy control. Additionally, M. krasiejowensis shared its habitat with C. intermedius, however, the dermal pectoral girdle sample of the latter taxon does not display signs of BMI‐like condition. Furthermore, the absence of variation in hydrostatic buoyancy control in the ontogenetic series of interclavicles of M. krasiejowensis could imply lack of ontogenetic niche shift along the water column.
Identification of three Diaporthe species from Selenicereus sp. explants and their pathogenicity to three dragon fruit species
Authors: Cruz Maria Angela T. , Evallo Edzel S. , Taguiam John Darby W. , Bengoa Jennelyn C. , Balendres Mark Angelo O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDragon fruit (Selenicereus spp.) is a cash fruit crop worldwide. One of the most effective techniques in producing clean planting materials and preventing disease infection is a plant tissue culture system. This study investigated the identity and characteristics of fungal contaminants in tissue‐cultured red‐fleshed dragon fruit (S. monacanthus) stem explants. Four fungal isolates were recovered from contaminated S. monacanthus cultures. The fungal isolates showed thick and white to greyish mycelia 7 days after incubation (dai) in potato dextrose agar medium with spore production 13 dai. The isolates were identified as Diaporthe sp., based on combined morphological and cultural characteristics. DNA analysis of the partial sequence of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS), beta‐tubulin 2 (TUB) and transcription elongation factor 1‐α (TEF1‐α) gene regions revealed a high similarity of the isolates to D. passifloricola, D. limonicola and D. tectonae. In detached stem and glasshouse assays, the three Diaporthe species identified were found pathogenic to three dragon fruit species (S. megalanthus, S. undatus and S. monacanthus). Early symptoms observed were similar to the disease of dragon fruit (caused by the same fungal genus) previously reported in Malaysia. The fungi were re‐isolated from the inoculated stems, establishing Koch's postulate. This study confirms three Diaporthe species as contaminants in dragon fruit explants, reports the susceptibility of S. monacanthus and S. undatus to a stem disease, and the tolerance of S. megalanthus to the disease caused by Diaporthe species.
The AraC‐type transcription factor TagK is a new player in the signaling cascade that induces the anti‐eukaryotic T6SS of Xanthomonas citri
Authors: Lima Lídia dos Passos , de Santana Eliane Silva , Lorenzetti Alan Péricles Rodrigues , Lourenço Rogério Ferreira , Ceseti Lucas de Moraes , Riva Luana , Bayer‐Santos Ethel , Boechat Ana Laura , Baldini Regina Lúcia , Farah Chuck Shaker , Koide Tie , Alvarez‐Martinez Cristina Elisa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractType 6 secretion systems (T6SSs) are specialized multiprotein complexes that inject protein effectors into prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic cells. We previously described the role of the T6SS of the phytopathogen Xanthomonas citri pv. citri as an anti‐eukaryotic nanoweapon that confers resistance to predation by the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum. Transcription of the X. citri T6SS genes is induced by a signaling cascade involving the Ser/Thr kinase PknS and the extracytoplasmic function sigma factor EcfK. Here, we used a strain overexpressing a phosphomimetic constitutively active version of EcfK (EcfKT51E) to identify the EcfK regulon, which includes a previously uncharacterized transcription factor of the AraC‐family (TagK), in addition to T6SS genes and genes encoding protein homeostasis factors. Functional studies demonstrated that TagK acts downstream of EcfK, binding directly to T6SS gene promoters and inducing T6SS expression in response to contact with amoeba cells. TagK controls a small regulon, consisting of the complete T6SS, its accessory genes and additional genes encoded within the T6SS cluster. We conclude that a singular regulatory circuit consisting of a transmembrane kinase (PknS), an alternative sigma factor (EcfK) and an AraC‐type transcriptional regulator (TagK) promotes expression of the X. citri T6SS in response to a protozoan predator.