bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicenter Pivotal Study Demonstrates Safety and Efficacy of a New Cellulite Procedure: Final Results at 12 Months
Authors: Stevens W Grant , Green Jeremy B , Layt Craig , Kaminer Michael S , Harrington Jennifer , Fan Larry , Wall Holly Casey , Fabi Sabrina , Magnusson Mark R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Safety and efficacy endpoints for the single-arm, multicenter, open-label pivotal study, CONtrolled Focal Fibrous Band Release Method (CONFFIRM) [NCT04743635] assessing targeted verifiable subcision (TVS) for the treatment of cellulite were met at 3 months postprocedure and have been published. Final, 12-month data describing durability of treatment effect and safety are presented here for the first time.

Objectives
The authors sought to evaluate safety and efficacy out to 12 months of initial treatment for a single TVS procedure performed employing the Avéli device (Revelle Aesthetics, Inc.; Mountain View, CA) to treat cellulite on the buttock and thigh areas of adult females.

Methods
Effectiveness was determined by 3 independent physicians employing the Cellulite Severity Scale and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale to assess improvement of baseline photographs when compared with 3-, 6- and 12-month posttreatment photographs. Blinded participant-reported outcomes and safety evaluations were also performed at all postprocedure time points.

Results
Clinically significant improvement in primary endpoint Cellulite Severity Scale scores were sustained out to 1 year, improving by 1.50 (P &lt; .0001) at 3 months, 1.54 points at 6 months, and 1.48 points at 12 months. Adverse events were mild and mostly resolved by the 12-month visit.

Conclusions
A single TVS treatment has durable efficacy and safety in reducing cellulite on the buttocks and thighs of women with moderate to severe cellulite out to 12 months posttreatment.

Level of Evidence: 2
Risk of incident mental disorders in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a nationwide propensity-matched study
Authors: Park Jun-Bean , Yun Je-Yeon , Kim Bongsung , Rhee Tae-Min , Lee Hyun-Jung , Lee Heesun , Hwang In-Chang , Yoon Yeonyee E , Park Hyo Eun , Lee Seung-Pyo , Choi Su-Yeon , Kim Yong-Jin , Cho Goo-Yeong , Han Kyungdo , Kim Hyung-Kwan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
We sought to determine the risk of mental disorders in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) compared with those without HCM.

Methods and results
This is a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study using nationwide population-based data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Overall, 4046 patients with HCM and 12138 matched individuals were followed up until the first diagnosis of mental disorders or the end of the follow up. The primary outcome was a composite of incident mood, anxiety, stress-related, or somatoform disorders. Secondary outcomes included two components of the primary outcome (i.e. mood disorders and anxiety/stress-related/somatoform disorders). During a median follow-up period of 4.1 years, the incidence rate of the primary outcome was 54.4 and 31.5/1000 person-years among the HCM and control groups, respectively, resulting in a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.719 (95% confidence interval: 1.589–1.860). Within the first month after HCM diagnosis, the HR for the primary outcome was 3.074 (2.096–4.508). Beyond 1 month, the HRs decreased, ranging from 2.281 (1.952–2.665) during 1–12 months, to 2.087 (1.831–2.380) during 12–36 months and 1.258 (1.090–1.452) after 36 months of follow up. Similar results were observed for the secondary outcomes. In sensitivity analysis, the risk of the specific categories of mental disorders, including single or recurrent depressive episodes and anxiety disorders, was also higher in patients with HCM than matched controls.

Conclusion
HCM was significantly associated with the risk of incident mental disorders, particularly within 1 year after HCM diagnosis, underscoring the importance of screening mental health problems, including mood and anxiety disorders, in patients with HCM.
P-, SV- and SH-wave eikonal approximations for HTI media based on perturbation theory
Authors: Li Mengqi , Stovas Alexey , Lu Jun 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARY
The eikonal equation for transversely isotropic media is a complex quartic partial differential equation that causes instability in traveltime inversion. The phenomenon of shear wave splitting in a transversely isotropic model with a horizontal symmetry axis (HTI) provides information for inversion. However, the involvement of shear waves makes the computation of forward modelling and inversion more time-consuming than when only using Pwaves. Most studies of traveltime approximation based on the eikonal equation are based on an acoustic assumption, which does not work for shear waves. Therefore, based on perturbation theory, we derive approximate solutions of the eikonal equation in a heterogeneous elastic HTI model for P, SV and SH waves to improve the traveltime computation efficiency. The approximate solutions of linear, quadratic and Shanks forms are based on the linearization of the traveltime function in terms of fracture weaknesses in an isotropic background, which are suitable for joint P-, SV- and SH-wave traveltime inversion and tomography for fracture parameters. When applied for a homogenous model, the proposed formulation results in a simple and accurate traveltime approximation. The first- and second-order perturbation coefficients are used to analyse the sensitivity of the traveltime to fracture weakness. To improve the accuracy of our approximation, we also expand the approximation of the P-wave traveltime with respect to the anellipticity parameter η in an elliptic background, which is evaluated by performing an error test. Based on the accuracy and stability of the perturbation, we select a set of linear equations with respect to the fracture weaknesses and a set of more accurate nonlinear equations to serve different needs.
Identifying causal serum protein–cardiometabolic trait relationships using whole genome sequencing
Authors: Png Grace , Gerlini Raffaele , Hatzikotoulas Konstantinos , Barysenka Andrei , Rayner N William , Klarić Lucija , Rathkolb Birgit , Aguilar-Pimentel Juan A , Rozman Jan , Fuchs Helmut , Gailus-Durner Valerie , Tsafantakis Emmanouil , Karaleftheri Maria , Dedoussis George , Pietrzik Claus , Wilson James F , de Angelis Martin Hrabe , Becker-Pauly Christoph , Gilly Arthur , Zeggini Eleftheria 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCardiometabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have a high public health burden. Understanding the genetically determined regulation of proteins that are dysregulated in disease can help to dissect the complex biology underpinning them. Here, we perform a protein quantitative trait locus (pQTL) analysis of 248 serum proteins relevant to cardiometabolic processes in 2893 individuals. Meta-analyzing whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from two Greek cohorts, MANOLIS (n = 1356; 22.5× WGS) and Pomak (n = 1537; 18.4× WGS), we detect 301 independently associated pQTL variants for 170 proteins, including 12 rare variants (minor allele frequency &lt; 1%). We additionally find 15 pQTL variants that are rare in non-Finnish European populations but have drifted up in the frequency in the discovery cohorts here. We identify proteins causally associated with cardiometabolic traits, including Mep1b for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, and describe a knock-out (KO) Mep1b mouse model. Our findings furnish insights into the genetic architecture of the serum proteome, identify new protein–disease relationships and demonstrate the importance of isolated populations in pQTL analysis.
A randomized controlled trial of generic and localized MedlinePlus-based information resources for hard-to-reach urban Hispanic community
Authors: Zhang Tianmai M , Millery Mari , Aguirre Alejandra N , Kukafka Rita 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
To determine if the Conexion digital localized health information resource about diabetes and depression could increase patient activation among Hispanic low-income adults.

Materials and Methods
A nonblinded randomized controlled trial was conducted (NCT03984929). Participants at least 18 years old living in Washington Heights/Inwood, New York, were recruited from the community between July 2019 and August 2020 and randomized 1:1 to either the intervention group (localization of MedlinePlus resources customized with community components) or the control group (no localized community components). The primary outcome, patient activation, and secondary outcomes, knowledge, self-efficacy, and behavior change, were collected through surveys at 1-month follow-up.

Results
Of the 134 participants recruited, 50.7% (n = 68) completed the 1-month follow-up. We found no statistically significant differences in the sociodemographic and baseline characteristics between those who missed the 1-month survey and those who completed it. No significant differences were observed in patient activation at 1-month. However, patient activation among all participants (n = 68) significantly increased (P = .048). Statistically significant improvements were also found in self-efficacy (P &lt; .03). In multivariate analysis, birth country outside the United States and higher self-rated attachment to the community emerged as significant predictors of higher patient activation scores.

Discussion
While the trial did not detect significant differences between groups, all participants demonstrated increased patient activation scores and improved secondary outcomes. While other factors may have contributed to this increase, our study suggests that access to carefully selected high-quality health information materials delivered digitally in the context of a community may result in improvements comparable to localized content in a hard-to-reach urban Hispanic population.

Conclusions
Our study highlights the potential of making carefully selected digital information accessible to hard-to-reach communities.
Temperature Derangement on Admission is Associated With Mortality in Burn Patients—A Nationwide Analysis and Opportunity for Improvement
Authors: Stanton Eloise , Gillenwater Justin , Pham Tam N , Sheckter Clifford C 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Although single-institution studies have described the relationship between hypothermia, burn severity, and complications, there are no national estimates on how temperature on admission impacts hospital mortality. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between admission temperature and complications on a national scale to expose opportunities for improved outcomes. The US National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) was analyzed between 2007 and 2018. Mortality was modeled using multivariable logistic regression including burn severity variables (% total burn surface area (TBSA), inhalation injury, emergency department (ED) temperature), demographics, and facility variables. Temperature was parsed into three categories: hypothermia (&lt;36.0°C), euthermia (36.0–37.9°C), and hyperthermia (≥38.0°C). A total of 116,796 burn encounters were included of which 77.9% were euthermic, 20.6% were hypothermic and 1.45% were hyperthermic on admission. For every 1.0C drop in body temperature from 36.0°C, mortality increased by 5%. Both hypothermia and hyperthermia were independently associated with increased odds of mortality when controlling for age, gender, inhalation injury, number of comorbidities, and %TBSA burned (p &lt; .001). All temperatures below 36.0°C were significantly associated with increased odds of mortality. Patients with ED temperatures between 32.5 and 33.5°C had the highest odds of mortality (22.0, 95% CI 15.6–31.0, p &lt; .001). ED hypothermia and hyperthermia are independently associated with mortality even when controlling for known covariates associated with inpatient death. These findings underscore the importance of early warming interventions both at the prehospital stage and upon ED arrival. ED temperature could become a quality metric in benchmarking burn centers to improve mortality.
Leveraging the Clinical Timepoints in Lung Cancer Screening to Engage Individuals in Tobacco Treatment
Authors: Park Elyse R , Neil Jordan M , Noonan Elise , Howard Sydney E , Gonzalez Irina , Marotta Caylin , Wint Amy J , Levy Douglas E , Chang Yuchiao , Rigotti Nancy A , Haas Jennifer S 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends lung cancer screening (LCS) to promote early lung cancer detection, and tobacco cessation services are strongly recommended in adjunct. Screen ASSIST (NCT03611881) is a randomized factorial trial to ascertain the best tobacco treatment intervention for smokers undergoing LCS; trial outreach is conducted during 3 recruitment points (RPs): when LCS is ordered (RP1), at screening (RP2), and following results (RP3). Among 177 enrollees enrolled from April 2019 to March 2020, 31.6% enrolled at RP1, 13.0% at RP2, and 55.4% at RP3. The average number of enrollees (per 1000 recruitment days) was 2.26 in RP1, 3.37 in RP2, and 1.04 in RP3. LCS provides an opportunity to offer tobacco treatment at multiple clinical timepoints. Repeated and proactive outreach throughout the LCS experience was beneficial to enrolling patients in tobacco cessation services.
tatDB: a database of Ago1-mediated targets of transfer RNA fragments
Authors: Guan Lingyu , Grigoriev Andrey 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are a class of emerging post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression likely binding to the transcripts of target genes. However, only a few tRFs targets have been experimentally validated, making it hard to extrapolate the functions or binding mechanisms of tRFs. The paucity of resources supporting the identification of the targets of tRFs creates a bottleneck in the fast-developing field. We have previously analyzed chimeric reads in crosslinked Argonaute1-RNA complexes to help infer the guide-target pairs and binding mechanisms of multiple tRFs based on experimental data in human HEK293 cells. To efficiently disseminate these results to the research community, we designed a web-based database tatDB (targets of tRFs DataBase) populated with close to 250 000 experimentally determined guide-target pairs with ∼23 000 tRF isoforms. tatDB has a user-friendly interface with flexible query options/filters allowing one to obtain comprehensive information on given tRFs (or targets). Modes of interactions are supported by secondary structures of potential guide-target hybrids and binding motifs, essential for understanding the targeting mechanisms of tRFs. Further, we illustrate the value of the database on an example of hypothesis-building for a tRFs potentially involved in the lifecycle of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. tatDB is freely accessible at https://grigoriev-lab.camden.rutgers.edu/tatdb.
Deep learning-assisted genome-wide characterization of massively parallel reporter assays
Authors: Lu Fred , Sossin Aaron , Abell Nathan , Montgomery Stephen B , He Zihuai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Massively parallel reporter assay (MPRA) is a high-throughput method that enables the study of the regulatory activities of tens of thousands of DNA oligonucleotides in a single experiment. While MPRA experiments have grown in popularity, their small sample sizes compared to the scale of the human genome limits our understanding of the regulatory effects they detect. To address this, we develop a deep learning model, MpraNet, to distinguish potential MPRA targets from the background genome. This model achieves high discriminative performance (AUROC = 0.85) at differentiating MPRA positives from a set of control variants that mimic the background genome when applied to the lymphoblastoid cell line. We observe that existing functional scores represent very distinct functional effects, and most of them fail to characterize the regulatory effect that MPRA detects. Using MpraNet, we predict potential MPRA functional variants across the genome and identify the distributions of MPRA effect relative to other characteristics of genetic variation, including allele frequency, alternative functional annotations specified by FAVOR, and phenome-wide associations. We also observed that the predicted MPRA positives are not uniformly distributed across the genome; instead, they are clumped together in active regions comprising 9.95% of the genome and inactive regions comprising 89.07% of the genome. Furthermore, we propose our model as a screen to filter MPRA experiment candidates at genome-wide scale, enabling future experiments to be more cost-efficient by increasing precision relative to that observed from previous MPRAs.
O009 Keep The Chin Up: Evidence-based standardised care pathway for infants with Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS)
Authors: Goel D , Wilson A , O'Donnell A , Rao S , Herbert H , Pachter N , Hamden B , Gillett D 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Management of upper airway obstruction in neonates with Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) is challenging given difficulties in grading severity of disease, difficulties obtaining early polysomnography (PSG) and variable practices with no widely accepted standard protocol. We aimed to develop a standardised care pathway for infants with PRS.

Methods
Total 190 publications were identified of which 21 were reviewed in detail. Majority were review articles or retrospective studies. Consultation was obtained from the Complex Airway Team (multidisciplinary team of neonatologist, paediatric sleep specialist, otolaryngologist, plastic surgeon, clinical nurse specialist and speech pathologist), geneticists, audiologists, the consumer group “PRS Australia” and ANZ paediatric sleep physicians. Final recommendations were based on consensus and quality of the evidence.

Results
We developed a pathway outlining sequential interventions to manage OSA based on functional assessment by PSG (7-14 day of life) and structural assessment by flexible nasal endoscopy “FNE” (0-7 day of life). Conduct of bedside PSG in NICU instead of sleep lab enables innovative, timely, patient-centred and cost-effective service delivery. We standardised reporting of glossoptosis (Yellon classification), laryngomalacia (Olney et.al) and airway (Seattle DISE scoring) on FNE. Early multidisciplinary involvement, structured assessment of feeding, synchronous airway lesions and associated genetic syndromes is also considered. The pathway allows for standardised management and discharge planning with clearly defined multidisciplinary follow-ups.

Intended outcome/impact
This project is likely first in Australia to standardise care pathway for infants with PRS encompassing collaborative, innovative and structured care delivery principles. The project provides foundation for future clinical and research collaboration.
O011 Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Quality of Life and Treatment Burden in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
Authors: Nisbet L , Ellis K , Mihai R , Davey M , Nixon G 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Increasing numbers of children with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) require treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). We aimed to assess the impact on quality of life (QOL) and treatment burden for caregivers of children requiring CPAP.

Methods
Prospective study of children commencing outpatient CPAP in a tertiary sleep unit 2020-2022. Questionnaires regarding sleep-related symptoms (PROMIS Pediatric Sleep Disturbance and Sleep-Related Impairment), QOL (OSA-18, QI-Disability), caregiver burden (Caregiver Strain Questionnaire) and overall health impact (Glasgow Children’s Benefit Inventory) were completed by caregivers at commencement of CPAP and 6 weeks later.

Progress
Complete data available to date in 24 children (6F; median age 12.5y, range 6-18y; median OAHI 9.2/hr; median BMI 30.7). OSA-related QOL significantly improved at follow-up (OSA-18 total and domain scores all p&lt;0.001). There were significant improvements in child general QOL (p&lt;0.0001), sleep disturbance (p&lt;0.01) and sleep-related impairment (p&lt;0.001). Caregivers rated CPAP as beneficial to their child’s general condition (mean 30, where maximum harm -100, maximum benefit +100). Caregiver strain reduced at follow-up (p&lt;0.001) and benefit outweighed inconvenience (p&lt;0.0001). 3 caregivers scored inconvenience higher than benefit; 1 scored them equally. 1 caregiver rated CPAP harmful and 3 caregivers reported no effect on their child’s general health.

Outcome
CPAP results in significant improvements in QOL and sleep-related symptoms in children with OSA, and reductions in caregiver strain. Perceived benefits generally outweighed the burden of treatment, but not for all families. Further analysis will investigate how the balance of benefit to burden relates to adherence and the effect of co-morbidities.
O015 Sleep, Stress, and Cognitive Fatigue in Canadian Wildland Firefighters
Authors: Wallace-Webb J , Coehoorn C , Angus J , Stuart-Hill L 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Wildland firefighting requires continuous attention while exposed to long working hours and sub-optimal sleep. These stressors may induce a state of cognitive fatigue, which poses a risk to worker safety due to impaired judgment and reduced awareness.

Methods
The current study employs a within-subject, observational design to examine the effect of sleep and schedule characteristics on variables related to stress and cognitive function. Cognitive function is measured subjectively, via validated 7-point scales (i.e. Samn-Perelli Fatigue Scale and Stanford Sleepiness Scale), and objectively, via reaction time on the psychomotor vigilance task. Sleep is measured via sleep log and wrist-worn actigraphy. Stress via autonomic nervous system imbalance is measured by changes in heart rate variability (i.e. chest monitor). Linear regression analyses will be performed to test if sleep or schedule variables predict stress or cognitive function.

Progress to date
A pilot study (N=4) was conducted during the 2021 fire season to inform methodology. As of July 2022, a representative sample of 50 firefighters (13 F) have been recruited across all regions of British Columbia (BC), Canada. Data collection for the current study is ongoing and will continue until September 2022.

Intended outcome and impact
This investigation entails both theoretical and applied benefits. Its direct relevance to occupational health and safety could improve worker safety (1) by providing insight and recommendations towards improved fatigue management policy within the BC Wildfire Service and (2) by testing the practicality of mobile tools designed to monitor levels of sleep, stress, and cognitive function.