bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex Differences in Plaque Composition and Morphology Among Symptomatic Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Carotid Artery Stenosis
Authors: van Dam-Nolen Dianne H.K. , van Egmond Nina C.M. , Dilba Kristine , Nies Kelly , van der Kolk Anja G. , Liem Madieke I. , Kooi M. Eline , Hendrikse Jeroen , Nederkoorn Paul J. , Koudstaal Peter J. , van der Lugt Aad , Bos Daniel 
Published: January 2022

Background and Purpose:
Incidence of ischemic stroke differs between men and women, with substantially higher rates in men. The underlying mechanism of this difference remains poorly understood but may be because of differences in carotid atherosclerosis. Using an in-depth imaging-based approach, we investigated differences between carotid plaque composition and morphology in male and female patients with stroke, taking into account differences in total plaque burden. Additionally, we investigated all possible within-artery combinations of plaque characteristics to explore differences between various plaque phenotypes.

Methods:
We included 156 men and 68 women from the PARISK (Plaque At Risk) study, a prospective cohort study of patients with recent ischemic cerebrovascular symptoms and <70% ipsilateral carotid stenosis. Plaque characteristics (intraplaque hemorrhage [IPH], lipid-rich necrotic core [LRNC], calcifications, thin-or-ruptured fibrous cap, ulcerations, total plaque volume) were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and multidetector-row computed tomography angiography. We used multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses to assess sex differences in plaque characteristics.

Results:

We found significant difference in total plaque volume between men and women (β=22.9 mm
3
[95% CI, 15.4–30.5]; mean volume in men 1399±425 mm
3
, in women 1011±242 mm
3
). Additionally, men were more likely to have IPH (odds ratio [OR]=2.8 [95% CI, 1.3–6.3]; IPH proportion in men 49%, in women 16%) and LRNC (OR=2.4 [95% CI, 1.2–4.7]; LRNC proportion in men 73%, in women 41%) even after adjustment for total plaque volume. We found no sex-specific differences in plaque volume-corrected volumes of IPH, LRNC, and calcifications. In terms of coexistence of plaque characteristics, we found that men had more often a plaque with coexistence of calcifications, LRNC, and IPH (OR=2.7 [95% CI, 1.2–7.0]), with coexistence of thin-or-ruptured fibrous cap/ulcerations, LRNC, and IPH (OR=2.4 [95% CI, 1.1–5.9]), and with coexistence of all plaque characteristics (OR=3.0 [95% CI, 1.2–8.6]).

Conclusions:
In symptomatic patients with mild-to-moderate carotid stenosis, men are more likely to have a high-risk carotid plaque with IPH and LRNC than women, regardless of total plaque burden. Men also have more often a plaque with multiple vulnerable plaque components, which could comprise an even higher stroke risk.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01208025.
Weaving Together a Decolonial Imaginary Through Design for Effective River Management: Pluriversal Ontological Design in Practice
Authors: Barcham Manuhuia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Looking at how we, as designers, can move beyond charges of neo-colonialism in social design, this article uses the empirical example of a design project focused on the restoration of a riverine system in New Zealand to provide an outline of ways that pluriversal ontological design can occur in practice. Exploring how the use of design tools and frameworks (e.g., boundary objects and infrastructuring) can help build out a decolonial imaginary, the article demonstrates how— through our design practice— we are able to successfully acknowledge, and work with, different “ways of being” in the world.
Values that Matter: A New Method to Design and Assess Moral Mediation of Technology
Authors: Smits Merlijn , Ludden Geke , Peters Ruben , Bredie Sebastian J. H. , van Goor Harry , Verbeek Peter-Paul 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this article, we aim to strengthen the basis of designing for values, by relating it to philosophy of technology. We start by discussing several theories to understand technology-induced value mediation: mediation approach, technology assessment methods, and types of value change. We continue by connecting these theories to design practice by proposing a new design for values methodology: Values that Matter. This methodology provides the means to evaluate moral mediation of technology during the design process and to responsibly design for it. The methodology is explained by the redesign of continuous vital sign monitoring technology in hospitalized patients.
A new species of eyeless Lymantes Schoenherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae: Lymantini) from Texas caves
Authors: ANDERSON ROBERT S. 
Published: January 2022

A new eyeless cave-inhabiting species of the weevil genus Lymantes Schoenherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae: Lymantini) is described. Lymantes reddelli Anderson, new species, occurs in caves in Bexar and Travis Counties, Texas, United States of America. The new species is very similar to Lymantes nadineae Anderson but is found in caves south of the Colorado River whereas L. nadineae is only known from caves north of the Colorado River. Characters of external morphology and male genitalia to separate the species are given.
Indication-based protocols with different solutions for mechanical stromal-cell transfer
Authors: Copcu H Eray 
Published: January 2022

Background Regenerative medicine is the fastest developing branch of plastic surgery in recent times. Adipose tissue is one of the largest and most important sources in the body for stromal cells. Although mechanical isolation methods are both very popular and have many advantages, they still have no accepted protocols. Objective We developed new protocols called indication-based protocols (IPs) for standardization and new techniques called mechanical stromal-cell transfer (MEST) by using ultra-sharp blades and dilution of adipose tissue with different solutions (saline, Ringer and 5% Dextrose) Methods & material: In order to obtain the desired physical structure (liquid, gel, solid) and the desired volume, four different types of IPs have been defined. Adipose tissue was prediluted with different solutions using 10 or 20 cc injectors in IPs 1 and 2, while condensed adipose tissue was used directly in IPs 3 and 4. Results In MEST, stromal cells were obtained from 100 mL of condensed fat using different IPs with 92% mean viability and cell counts of 26.80–91.90 × 106. Stromal cells can be obtained in the desired form and number of cells by using four different IPs. Conclusion Isolation of stromal cells by cutting fat with sharp blades will prevent the death of fat tissue and stromal cells and will allow high viability and cell count with our new technique. Predilution with different solutions: Diluting the condensed adipose tissue with the desired solutions (saline, Ringer or 5% Dextrose) before the adinizing process will provide even more stromal cells. Lay Summary Obtaining regenerative stromal cells from adipose tissue can be done by two methods: Enzymatic and mechanical. Mechanical methods have many advantages. Although mechanical stromal cell extraction from adipose tissue is very popular and many techniques have been described, there are still no accepted protocols, definition for the end product, and no consensus on the status of the stromal cells. In this study, stromal cells were obtained mechanically by using ultra-sharp blade systems, without exposing adipose tissue to blunt trauma. Thus, a higher number of cells and higher viability could be obtained. An “Indication based” protocol has been defined for the first time in order to obtain the desired number and status (solid, semi-solid, liquid) end product. Diluting the condensed adipose tissue with the desired solutions (saline, Ringer or 5% Dextrose) before the adinizing process will provide even more stromal cells. This will provide an opportunity for clinicians to obtain and apply a stromal cell solution for different indications in different anatomical regions.
Treatment of subacute/chronic ECU tendinopathy using wrist arthroscopy and open surgical repair
Authors: Lee Young-Keun 
Published: January 2022

Purpose To report the arthroscopic and clinical findings of patients with extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendinopathy treated with wrist arthroscopy and open surgical repair. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of seven patients with chronic ECU tendinopathy who were treated with diagnostic wrist arthroscopy and open surgical repair between 2010 and 2017. Seven cases diagnosed with ECU tendinopathy had undergone open procedure for the ECU tendinopathy, as well as wrist arthroscopy in the same session. Any pathology of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) diagnosed by wrist arthroscopy were treated simultaneously with open procedure for the ECU tendinopathy. The functional outcome was evaluated by comparing the preoperative and final follow-up values of range of motion (ROM), grip strength, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, modified Mayo wrist score and quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) score. Results TFCC tears were identified in four patients of which repair was performed concomitantly. The average follow-up period was 39 months (range, 25–49 months). At the final follow-up, all the outcomes including average VAS score (6.4→1), the ROM (173→192°), quick DASH score (42.5→18.2), and modified Mayo wrist score (48.6→79.3) improved significantly. Conclusion When treating patients with ECU tendinopathy, the possibility of TFCC combined injury should always be considered. If surgical treatment is planned, we suggest a wrist arthroscopy for more accurate diagnosis an intra-articular pathology, particularly for patients whose MRI findings suggest a degenerative tear or degeneration at the periphery of the TFCC. Additionally, if ECU and DRUJ stability is obtained by repair or reconstruction of the concurrent pathologies in the ECU subsheath, TFCC and other intra-articular structures, the results will be favorable.
Sepiolite as an efficient adsorbent for ethylene gas
Authors: Erdoğan Burcu , Esenli Fahri 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe ability of Na+-, Li+-, K+-, Ca2+- and Mg2+-exchanged sepiolites and acid-activated sepiolites to remove ethylene from storage environments was examined. The sepiolite from Sivrihisar deposit, Turkey, was treated with 1.0 M NaNO3, LiNO3, KNO3, Ca(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2, HNO3 and H2SO4 solutions at 90°C for 4 h. The mineralogical, chemical and textural properties of the materials were examined using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, cation-exchange capacity and nitrogen gas adsorption analyses. The main mineral phase present in the materials was sepiolite, with minor dolomite, and traces of quartz and feldspar minerals and amorphous matter. Adsorption isotherms of ethylene at 273 K were measured on sepiolite samples over a pressure range of 0–100 kPa. As a result of partial blockage of the sepiolite channels, the ethylene adsorption capacity on cation-exchanged sepiolite forms (0.376–0.907 mmol g–1) was less than that of acid-activated sepiolite forms (1.279 and 1.308 mmol g–1). The ethylene adsorption capacities of the sepiolite samples were compared with those of other clay-based materials (0.167–1.817 mmol g–1) reported in previous studies of ethylene removal.
Distinct physical activity and sedentary behavior trajectories in older adults during participation in a physical activity intervention: a latent class growth analysis
Authors: Ratz Tiara , Pischke Claudia R. , Voelcker-Rehage Claudia , Lippke Sonia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to identify latent moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) trajectories in older adults participating in a randomized intervention trial and to explore associations with baseline social-cognitive predictors.

Methods
Data were assessed at baseline (T0, participants were inactive or had recently become active), after a ten-week physical activity intervention (T1), and a second 24-week intervention phase (T2). Latent class growth analysis was used on accelerometer-assessed weekly MVPA and daily SB, respectively (n = 215 eligible participants). Activity changes within trajectory classes and baseline social-cognitive predictor differences between trajectory classes were analyzed.

Results
A “stable insufficient MVPA” (n = 197, p for difference in MVPA level at T0 and T2 (pT0-T2) = .789, effect size (Cohen’s d) = .03) and a “stable high MVPA” trajectory (n = 18, pT0-T2 = .137, d = .39), as well as a “slightly decreasing high SB” (n = 63, p for difference in SB (pT0-T2) = .022, d = .36) and a “slightly increasing moderate SB” trajectory (n = 152, pT0-T2 = .019, d = .27) emerged. Belonging to the “stable high MVPA” trajectory was associated with higher action planning levels compared to the “stable insufficient MVPA” trajectory (M = 5.46 versus 4.40, d = .50). Belonging to the “decreasing high SB” trajectory was associated with higher action self-efficacy levels compared to the “increasing moderate SB” trajectory (M = 5.27 versus 4.72, d = .33).

Conclusions
Change occurred heterogeneously in latent (not directly observed) subgroups, with significant positive trajectories only observed in the highly sedentary.

Trial registration
German Registry of Clinical Trials, DRKS00016073, Registered 10 January 2019.
Identification and expression analysis of histone modification gene (HM) family during somatic embryogenesis of oil palm
Authors: Zhou Lixia , Yarra Rajesh , Jin Longfei , Yang Yaodong , Cao Hongxing , Zhao Zhihao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq.) is an important vegetable oil-yielding plant. Somatic embryogenesis is a promising method to produce large-scale elite clones to meet the demand for palm oil. The epigenetic mechanisms such as histone modifications have emerged as critical factors during somatic embryogenesis. These histone modifications are associated with the regulation of various genes controlling somatic embryogenesis. To date, none of the information is available on the histone modification gene (HM) family in oil palm.

Results
We reported the identification of 109 HM gene family members including 48 HMTs, 27 HDMs, 13 HATs, and 21 HDACs in the oil palm genome. Gene structural and motif analysis of EgHMs showed varied exon–intron organization and with conserved motifs among them. The identified 109 EgHMs were distributed unevenly across 16 chromosomes and displayed tandem duplication in oil palm genome. Furthermore, relative expression analysis showed the differential expressional pattern of 99 candidate EgHM genes at different stages (non-embryogenic, embryogenic, somatic embryo) of somatic embryogenesis process in oil palm, suggesting the EgHMs play vital roles in somatic embryogenesis. Our study laid a foundation to understand the regulatory roles of several EgHM genes during somatic embryogenesis.

Conclusions
A total of 109 histone modification gene family members were identified in the oil palm genome via genome-wide analysis. The present study provides insightful information regarding HM gene’s structure, their distribution, duplication in oil palm genome, and also their evolutionary relationship with other HM gene family members in Arabidopsis and rice. Finally, our study provided an essential role of oil palm HM genes during somatic embryogenesis process.
Structural and functional changes in the fungal community of plant detritus in an invaded Atlantic Forest
Authors: Bail Jaqueline , Gomez Jose Alejandro Morales , de Oliveira Vaz Giselle Cristina , de Castro Wagner Antonio Chiba , Bonugli-Santos Rafaella Costa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundChanges in the fungal community in the litter decomposition by invasive plants can negatively impact nutrient cycling in natural ecosystems. One still does not know the dimension of this hypothesis, but apparently, it is not despicable. This study evaluated the assemblage composition of fungi during litter decomposition in areas of Atlantic Forest invaded or not invaded byTradescantia zebrinausing Illumina MiSeq and metabarcoding analysis.ResultsThe invaded sample showed significantly higher richness and a difference in the species dominance than the invaded litter. Ascomycota was the first most abundant phylum in both areas. Even so, the dissimilarity between areas can be evidenced. The fungal from Basidiomycota were very representative in the non-invaded areas (ranged from an abundance of 43.29% in the non-invaded to 2.35% in the invaded sample). The genusLepiotacan indicate the primary functional group related to biomass degradation and showed the might difference about the invaded areas due to its essential reduction by the invader. In the invaded sample, there was a total absence of the endophyte-undefined saprotroph guild. Also, some genera not taxonomically characterized were eliminated in the invaded sample, revealing that the fungal biodiversity of areas has not yet been thoroughly characterized.ConclusionsHence, makes impossible the real interpretation of the invasive plant impact, showing the importance of continuing research on fungal biodiversity. It is important to emphasize that the replacement of the native species byT. zebrinamay be responsible for the elimination of fungal groups that have not yet been identified.
Predictive determinants of overall survival among re-infected COVID-19 patients using the elastic-net regularized Cox proportional hazards model: a machine-learning algorithm
Authors: Ebrahimi Vahid , Sharifi Mehrdad , Mousavi-Roknabadi Razieh Sadat , Sadegh Robab , Khademian Mohammad Hossein , Moghadami Mohsen , Dehbozorgi Afsaneh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Narrowing a large set of features to a smaller one can improve our understanding of the main risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. This study aimed to derive a parsimonious model for predicting overall survival (OS) among re-infected COVID-19 patients using machine-learning algorithms.

Methods
The retrospective data of 283 re-infected COVID-19 patients admitted to twenty-six medical centers (affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences) from 10 June to 26 December 2020 were reviewed and analyzed. An elastic-net regularized Cox proportional hazards (PH) regression and model approximation via backward elimination were utilized to optimize a predictive model of time to in-hospital death. The model was further reduced to its core features to maximize simplicity and generalizability.

Results

The empirical in-hospital mortality rate among the re-infected COVID-19 patients was 9.5%. In addition, the mortality rate among the intubated patients was 83.5%. Using the Kaplan-Meier approach, the OS (95% CI) rates for days 7, 14, and 21 were 87.5% (81.6-91.6%), 78.3% (65.0-87.0%), and 52.2% (20.3-76.7%), respectively. The elastic-net Cox PH regression retained 8 out of 35 candidate features of death. Transfer by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (HR=3.90, 95% CI: 1.63-9.48), SpO2≤85% (HR=8.10, 95% CI: 2.97-22.00), increased serum creatinine (HR=1.85, 95% CI: 1.48-2.30), and increased white blood cells (WBC) count (HR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.15) were associated with higher in-hospital mortality rates in the re-infected COVID-19 patients.

Conclusion
The results of the machine-learning analysis demonstrated that transfer by EMS, profound hypoxemia (SpO2≤85%), increased serum creatinine (more than 1.6 mg/dL), and increased WBC count (more than 8.5 (×109 cells/L)) reduced the OS of the re-infected COVID-19 patients. We recommend that future machine-learning studies should further investigate these relationships and the associated factors in these patients for a better prediction of OS.
Development, implementation and evaluation of an evidence-based paediatric early warning system improvement programme: the PUMA mixed methods study
Authors: Allen Davina , Lloyd Amy , Edwards Dawn , Hood Kerenza , Huang Chao , Hughes Jacqueline , Jacob Nina , Lacy David , Moriarty Yvonne , Oliver Alison , Preston Jennifer , Sefton Gerri , Sinha Ian , Skone Richard , Strange Heather , Taiyari Khadijeh , Thomas-Jones Emma , Trubey Rob , Tume Lyvonne , Powell Colin , Roland Damian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Paediatric mortality rates in the United Kingdom are amongst the highest in Europe. Clinically missed deterioration is a contributory factor. Evidence to support any single intervention to address this problem is limited, but a cumulative body of research highlights the need for a systems approach.

Methods
An evidence-based, theoretically informed, paediatric early warning system improvement programme (PUMA Programme) was developed and implemented in two general hospitals (no onsite Paediatric Intensive Care Unit) and two tertiary hospitals (with onsite Paediatric Intensive Care Unit) in the United Kingdom. Designed to harness local expertise to implement contextually appropriate improvement initiatives, the PUMA Programme includes a propositional model of a paediatric early warning system, system assessment tools, guidance to support improvement initiatives and structured facilitation and support.
Each hospital was evaluated using interrupted time series and qualitative case studies. The primary quantitative outcome was a composite metric (adverse events), representing the number of children monthly that experienced one of the following: mortality, cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, unplanned admission to Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, or unplanned admission to Higher Dependency Unit. System changes were assessed qualitatively through observations of clinical practice and interviews with staff and parents. A qualitative evaluation of implementation processes was undertaken.

Results
All sites assessed their paediatric early warning systems and identified areas for improvement. All made contextually appropriate system changes, despite implementation challenges. There was a decline in the adverse event rate trend in three sites; in one site where system wide changes were organisationally supported, the decline was significant (ß = -0.09 (95% CI: − 0.15, − 0.05); p = < 0.001). Changes in trends coincided with implementation of site-specific changes.

Conclusions
System level change to improve paediatric early warning systems can bring about positive impacts on clinical outcomes, but in paediatric practice, where the patient population is smaller and clinical outcomes event rates are low, alternative outcome measures are required to support research and quality improvement beyond large specialist centres, and methodological work on rare events is indicated. With investment in the development of alternative outcome measures and methodologies, programmes like PUMA could improve mortality and morbidity in paediatrics and other patient populations.