bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communication lessons learned from the 2017 measles–rubella campaign in India: perspectives from vaccine decision-makers
Authors: Limaye Rupali J , Gupta Madhu , Bansal Adarsh , Chandler Mary Kate , Santosham Mathuram , Erchick Daniel J 
Published: October 2022

Summary
In 2017, to reduce the burden of measles and rubella, a nation-wide measles–rubella campaign was launched in India. Despite detailed planning efforts that involved many stakeholders, vaccine refusal arose in several communities during the campaign. As strategic health communication and promotion is critical in any vaccine campaign, we sought to document lessons learned from the 2017 MR campaign from a strategic health communication and promotion perspective to capture lessons learned. To inform future campaigns, we conducted in-depth interviews through a perspective that is not usually captured, that of government and civil society stakeholders that had experience in vaccine campaign implementation (n = 21). We interviewed stakeholders at the national level and within three states that had diverse experiences with the campaign. Three key themes related to strategic health communication and promotion emerged: the importance of sensitizing communities at all levels through relevant and timely information about the vaccine and the vaccine campaign, leveraging key influencers to deliver tailored messaging about the importance of vaccines and mitigating vaccine misinformation rapidly. Our study findings have important implications for health communication and promotion research related to vaccine campaigns. The field must continue to enhance vaccine campaign efforts by identifying important health communication and promotion factors, including the importance of sensitization, trusted messengers that use tailored messaging and mitigating misinformation, as vaccine campaigns are crucial in improving vaccine acceptance.
Implementation evaluation of an Irish secondary-level whole school programme: a qualitative inquiry
Authors: McHale Fiona , Ng Kwok , Scanlon Dylan , Cooper Jemima , Grady Caera , Norton Catherine , O’Shea Donal , Woods Catherine 
Published: October 2022

Summary
Whole-of-school programmes (WSPs) are recommended to promote physical activity for adolescents. The Active School Flag (ASF) programme for secondary-level schools is one such WSP. Due to the difficulties of incorporating WSPs into the complex school system, there is a risk of poor implementation. The monitoring of unanticipated influences can help to understand key implementation processes prior to scale-up. The aims of this study were to identify perceived facilitators and barriers to implementing the ASF and recommend evidence-based implementation strategies. Focus groups and interviews (N = 50) were conducted in three schools with stakeholders involved in programme implementation, i.e. school management (n = 5), ASF coordinator (n = 4), student-leaders (aged 15–16 years) (n = 64) and staff committee (n = 25). Transcripts were analysed using codebook thematic analysis and were guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Implementation strategies were identified and were selected systematically to address contextual needs. Three themes surrounding the facilitators and barriers to implementation were generated: intervention design factors (e.g. capacity building and knowledge of implementers; and interest and buy-in for the programme), organizational factors (e.g. optimization of people and the busy school environment) and interpersonal factors (e.g. communication and collaboration). The examination of facilitators and barriers to implementation of the ASF has assisted with the identification of implementation strategies including (not limited to) a shared leadership programme for student leaders and a more flexible timeline for completion. These facilitative implementation strategies may assist in the effective implementation of the ASF.
Hypoxic ASCs-derived Exosomes Attenuate Colitis by Regulating Macrophage Polarization via miR-216a-5p/HMGB1 Axis
Authors: Qian Wenwei , Huang Liangyu , Xu Yihan , Lu Wen , Wen Weiwei , Guo Zhen , Zhu Weiming , Li Yi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells have shown therapeutic effects for colitis. As a more clinically accessible resource, the therapeutic potential of exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has not been fully elucidated, and whether hypoxia precondition could improve the therapeutic effect of ASC-derived exosomes in colitis remains elusive.

Methods
In this study, exosomes were derived from ASCs under normoxia (NExos) and hypoxia (HExos) and were identified by detecting their morphology, size distribution, and exosome surface markers. The concentration of inflammation-related cytokines was detected by ELISA, and macrophage phenotype–related genes were determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, and immunofluorescence. A miRNA microarray sequencing analysis was conducted to confirm the differentially expressed miRNAs. Dextran sulfate sodium–induced colitis was employed as an in vivo assay.

Results
Administration of NExos alleviated inflammation by modulating the balance of macrophages both in cellular assays and in vivo experiments, and HExos showed higher therapeutic efficiency than NExos. The miR-216a-5p in HExos was significantly enriched and promoted macrophage M2 polarization through transfer to macrophages by exosomes. The miR-216a-5p was confirmed to target the 3’-UTR of HMGB1. Mechanistically, hypoxia-induced ASCs release miR-216a-5p in an exosomal way that induced macrophage M2 polarization by regulating the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Conclusions
Exosomal miR-216a-5p released from hypoxia-prime ASCs showed higher therapeutic efficiency than NExos in experimental colitis by promoting the M2 macrophage phenotype, which indicated that hypoxia prime may represent a promising approach to optimizing the function of ASC-derived exosomes.
Will clinical standards not be part of the choir? Harmonization between the HL7 gender harmony project model and the NASEM measuring sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation report in the United States
Authors: Baker Kellan E , Compton D’Lane , Fechter-Leggett Ethan D , Grasso Chris , Kronk Clair A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To propose an approach for semantic and functional data harmonization related to sex and gender constructs in electronic health records (EHRs) and other clinical systems for implementors, as outlined in the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) report Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation and the Health Level 7 (HL7) Gender Harmony Project (GHP) product brief “Gender Harmony—Modeling Sex and Gender Representation, Release 1.”

Materials and Methods
Authors from both publications contributed to a plan for data harmonization based upon fundamental principles in informatics, including privacy, openness, access, legitimate infringement, least intrusive alternatives, and accountability.

Results
We propose construct entities and value sets that best align with both publications to allow the implementation of EHR data elements on gender identity, recorded sex or gender, and sex for clinical use in the United States. We include usability- and interoperability-focused reasoning for each of these decisions, as well as suggestions for cross-tabulation for populations.

Discussion and Conclusion
Both publications agree on core approaches to conceptualization and measurement of sex- and gender-related constructs. However, some clarifications could improve our ability to assess gender modality, alignment (or lack thereof) between gender identity and assigned gender at birth, and address both individual-level and population-level health inequities. By bridging the GHP and NASEM recommendations, we provide a path forward for implementation of sex- and gender-related EHR elements. Suggestions for implementation of gender identity, recorded sex or gender, and sex for clinical use are provided, along with semantic and functional justifications.
Acaricidal Activities ofDioscorea japonicaThunb. (Dioscoreales: Dioscoreaceae) Extract and its Constituents Against the Two-spotted Spider Mite,Tetranychus urticaeKoch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Lee Min-Woo , Lee Dong-Ho , Nam Il , Lee Jae-Woo , Huh Min-Jung , Roh Gwang-Hyun , Park Il-Kwon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe acaricidal activities of 86 plant extracts were investigated under laboratory conditions. The ethanol extract of Dioscorea japonica Thunb. root showed the strongest acaricidal activity, with 89.3% mortality against two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch adults at a 2 mg/ml concentration. Bioassay-guided isolation of D. japonica root extract using silica gel open column chromatography, gas chromatography (GC), and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) identified palmitic acid as the primary active compound. The acaricidal activities of palmitic acid against T. urticae were 91.2% and 69.7% at concentrations of 1 and 0.5 mg/ml, respectively. Among nine saturated fatty acids with carbon chains ranging from C8 to C26, the most vigorous acaricidal activity was observed with octanoic acid, followed by palmitic acid, and decanoic acid at a 1 mg/ml concentration. The acaricidal activity of the other fatty acids was less than 40% mortality at a 1 mg/ml concentration. These results indicate that a suitable carbon length is essential for fatty acids to exhibit acaricidal activity. The acaricidal efficacy of Eungjinssag (EJSG), an organic agricultural material authorized for the management of mites in the Republic of Korea, was compared to D. japonica root extract. At concentrations above 1 mg/ml, the acaricidal activity of D. japonica root extract was stronger than that of EJSG. The results of this study show that D. japonica root extract and palmitic acid are promising candidates as new environmentally-friendly control agents against two-spotted spider mite, which is one of the most severely damaging agricultural arthropod pests.
Effect of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Infestation on the Protein Physicochemical and Structural Properties of Wheat Grain
Authors: Wu Qiong , Tian Qisheng , Zhang Dongdong , Zhang Yurong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Boring pests such as Sitophilus zeamais (S. zeamais) are major threats in grain storage. However, how these pests affect the proteins of stored grains remains largely unknown. Here we aimed to investigate the effect of S. zeamais infestation on wheat protein during postharvest storage. In this study, wheat grain infested by S. zeamais was sampled at egg (4 d), larval (20 d), pupal (35 d), and adult stages (45 d), respectively. The protein’s physicochemical and structural properties and the edible quality of whole wheat noodle were analyzed. The results showed that S. zeamais infestation significantly decreased the quality of wheat protein by altering its constitution and structure properties. Especially, compared with the control, the content of wet and dry gluten, gluten index, sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation volume, sulfhydryl groups, and disulfide bonds in insect-infested wheat decreased by 19.40, 5.42, 18.40, 8.12, 29.13, and 14.30%, respectively, during the storage period of one life cycle of S. zeamais. Additionally, the proportions of wheat protein fractions (albumin [1.16-fold], globulin [0.96-fold], gliadin [1.16-fold], and glutenin [0.95-fold]) and secondary structures (α-helix [0.91-fold], β-fold [0.96-fold], β-turn [1.06-fold], and random coil [1.05-fold]) of protein changed significantly, and the gluten network structure was broken in S. zeamais-infested wheat. Furthermore, the color of whole wheat noodle became darker, cooking loss rate increased, and textural properties (hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and resilience) decreased as well. The results in the present study provided new insights for analyzing the quality deterioration mechanism and further quality improvement of boring pests-infested wheat grain.
Efficient liability law when parties genuinely disagree
Authors: Franzoni Luigi Alberto 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article compares the classic liability rules, negligence, and strict liability, under the hypothesis that injurers and victims formulate subjective beliefs about the probabilities of harm. Parties may reasonably disagree in their assessment of the precautionary measures available: a measure regarded as safe by one party may be regarded as not safe by the other. By relying on the notions of Pareto efficiency and “No Betting” Pareto efficiency, the article shows that negligence is the optimal liability rule when injurers believe that the probability of harm is always higher than the victims do, while strict liability with overcompensatory damages is the optimal rule in the opposite case. The same results apply to bilateral accidents and, specifically, to product-related harms in competitive markets. Overcompensatory (“punitive”) damages provide consumers with insurance against their own pessimism. (JEL K13, D83, D62)
The Effect ofPlasmodium falciparum(Welch) (Haemospororida: Plasmodiidae) Infection on the Susceptibility ofAnopheles gambiaes.l. andAnopheles funestus(Diptera: Culicidae) to Pyrethroid Insecticides in the North-Western and South-Eastern, Tanzania
Authors: Joseph Matiya Deokary , Philbert Anitha B , Kidima Winifrida B , Matowo Johnson J 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe rapid development of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors threatens insecticide-based interventions. It is hypothesized that infection of insecticide-resistant vectors with Plasmodium parasites increases their vulnerability to insecticides, thus assuring the effectiveness of insecticide-based strategies for malaria control. Nonetheless, there is limited field data to support this. We investigated the effect of the Plasmodium falciparum infection on the susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae s.l. and Anopheles funestus to pyrethroids in south-eastern (Kilombero) and north-western (Muleba), Tanzania. The wild-collected mosquitoes were tested against 0.05% deltamethrin and 0.75% permethrin, then assessed for sporozoite rate and resistant gene (kdr) mutations. All Anopheles gambiae s.l. from Kilombero were An. arabiensis (Patton, 1905) while those from Muleba were 87% An. gambiae s.s (Giles, 1902) and 13% An. Arabiensis. High levels of pyrethroid resistance were observed in both areas studied. The kdr mutation was only detected in An. gambiae s.s. at the frequency of 100% in survivors and 97% in dead mosquitoes. The P. falciparum sporozoite rates were slightly higher in susceptible than in resistant mosquitoes. In Muleba, sporozoite rates in An. gambiae s.l. were 8.1% and 6.4% in dead mosquitoes and survivors, respectively (SRR = 1.28, p = 0.19). The sporozoite rates in Kilombero were 1.3% and 0.7% in the dead and survived mosquitoes, respectively (sporozoite rate ratio (SRR) = 1.9, p = 0.33). In An. funestus group sporozoite rates were 6.2% and 4.4% in dead and survived mosquitoes, respectively (SRR = 1.4, p = 0.54). These findings indicate that insecticides might still be effective in malaria control despite the rapid development of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors.
Bandgaps for flexural waves in infinite beams and plates with a periodic array of resonators
Authors: Chen Jing-Heng , Chao I-Chein , Chen Tungyang 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
The subject of seismic metamaterials, inspired from novel ideas in optics and acoustics, has attracted great attention in the last decade for potential applications in earthquake engineering. Simple structure systems, like beams and plates, with periodically attached mechanical resonators provide a simple physical model to interpret the existence of certain frequency bandgap in dispersion relations and to simulate the mechanism of flexural energy attenuation. In this work, we consider simple structure systems of beams and plates with periodically attached resonators. The resonator is composed of a spring, a damper and a mass attached along the beam direction. We utilize the Timoshenko beam model and the Mindlin plate theory to incorporate the shear effect. The plane wave expansion method together with the Bloch theorem is used to expand the governing field into an eigenvalue problem of an infinite complex system, allowing us to characterize the band structures of the dispersion relations. Local resonance and Bragg bandgaps are identified and examined. The effect of thickness ratios, the damping ratio and the shear modulus are exemplified to demonstrate how these factors will affect the formation of bandgaps. This formulation demonstrates a feasibility that a periodic array of mechanical resonators together with suitable material and geometric parameters of beams and plates can be designed to tune with the dispersion behavior in the control of flexure waves. This study may open up new potential in the control of wave propagation in complex continuum systems through the interaction of adequately designed resonators.
Demonstration of a portable system for daytime optical turbulence profile measurements
Authors: Ren Deqing , Beck Christian , Cao Wenda , Drybread Erik , Faulkner Katz David 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Measurements of the optical turbulence profile are critical for selecting a potential new solar observational site or for characterizing an existing solar observatory. To measure the turbulence distribution to a moderate altitude above an existing observatory, current techniques use a large facility telescope with an aperture size larger than 1.0 m. This limits their application, especially in surveys to find a new potential site where no large facility telescope is available and where a portable measurement device is needed for such measurements. To address the above issues, we propose a new technique, termed the Advanced Multiple Aperture Seeing Profiler (A-MASP), which uses solar granulation to measure the daytime optical turbulence profile. The A-MASP is a portable system and thus can fully address the fundamental limitation of current optical turbulence profile measurement techniques. The A-MASP consists of two small telescopes, each with an aperture of the order of 100 mm, which can measure the turbulence profile to an altitude up to 20 km. Here, we present our A-MASP development work and its initial on-site measurements at the Big Bear Solar Observatory. In a proof-of-concept experiment, it was successfully demonstrated that the A-MASP can reliably measure the turbulence profile up to 12 km with a vector separation of 0.7 m between the two telescopes. The A-MASP could be used for future surveys to find potentially good observational sites.
Type II and anomalous Cepheids in the Kepler K2 mission
Authors: Jurkovic Monika I , Plachy Emese , Molnár László , Groenewegen Martin A T , Bódi Attila , Moskalik Pawel , Szabó Róbert 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the results of the analysis of Type II and anomalous Cepheids using the data from the Kepler K2 mission. The precise light curves of these pulsating variable stars are the key to study the details of their pulsation, such as the period-doubling effect or the presence of additional modes. We applied the Automated Extended Aperture Photometry (autoEAP) to obtain the light curves of the targeted variable stars which were observed. The light curves were Fourier analysed. We investigated 12 stars observed by the K2 mission, seven Type II, and five anomalous Cepheids. Among the Type II Cepheids, EPIC 210622262 shows period-doubling, and four stars have modulation present in their light curves which are different from the period-doubling effect. We calculated the high-order Fourier parameters for the short-period Cepheids. We also determined physical parameters by fitting model atmospheres to the spectral energy distributions. The determined distances using the parallaxes measured by the Gaia space telescope have limited precision below 16 mag for these types of pulsating stars, regardless if the inverse method is used or the statistical method to calculate the distances. The BaSTI evolutionary models were compared to the luminosities and effective temperatures. Most of the Type II Cepheids are modelled with low metallicity models, but for a few of them solar-like metallicity ([Fe/H] = 0.06) model is required. The anomalous Cepheids are compared to low-metallicity single stellar models. We do not see signs of binarity among our sample stars.
Burst search method based on likelihood ratio in Poisson statistics
Authors: Cai Ce , Xiong Shao-Lin , Xue Wang-Chen , Zhao Yi , Xiao Shuo , Yi Qi-Bin , Guo Zhi-Wei , Liu Jia-Cong , Zhang Yan-Qiu , Zheng Chao , Xie Sheng-Lun , Du Yan-Qi , Zhao Xiao-Yun , Li Cheng-Kui , Wang Ping , Peng Wen-Xi , Zheng Shi-Jie , Song Li-Ming , Li Xin-Qiao , Wen Xiang-Yang , Zhang Fan 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTSearching for X-ray and gamma-ray bursts, including Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters (SGRs), and high energy transients associated with Gravitational wave (GW) events or Fast radio bursts (FRBs), is of great importance in the multimessenger and multiwavelength era. Although a coherent search based on the likelihood ratio and Gaussian statistics has been established and utilized in many studies, this Gaussian-based method could be problematic for weak and short bursts which usually have very few counts. To deal with all bursts including weak ones, here we propose the coherent search in Poisson statistics. We studied the difference between Poisson-based and Gaussian-based search methods by Monte Carlo simulations, and find that the Poisson-based search method has advantages compared to the Gaussian case, especially for weak bursts. Our results show that, for very weak bursts with very low number of counts, the Poisson-based search can provide higher significance than the Gaussian-based search, and its likelihood ratio (for background fluctuation) still generally follows the χ2 distribution, making the significance estimation of searched bursts very convenient. Thus, we suggest that the coherent search based on Poisson-likelihood ratio is more appropriate in the search for generic transients including very weak ones.
TFAW survey II: six newly validated planets and 13 planet candidates fromK2
Authors: del Ser D , Fors O , del Alcázar M , Dyachenko V , Horch E P , Tokovinin A , Ziegler C , van Belle G T , Clark C A , Hartman Z D 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTSearching for Earth-sized planets in data from Kepler’s extended mission (K2) is a niche that still remains to be fully exploited. The TFAW survey is an ongoing project that aims to re-analyse all light curves in K2 C1–C8 and C12–C18 campaigns with a wavelet-based detrending and denoising method, and the period search algorithm TLS to search for new transit candidates not detected in previous works. We have analysed a first subset of 24 candidate planetary systems around relatively faint host stars (10.9 &lt; Kp &lt; 15.4) to allow for follow-up speckle imaging observations. Using vespa and TRICERATOPS, we statistically validate six candidates orbiting four unique host stars by obtaining false-positive probabilities smaller than 1 per cent with both methods. We also present 13 vetted planet candidates that might benefit from other, more precise follow-up observations. All of these planets are sub-Neptune-sized with two validated planets and three candidates with sub-Earth sizes, and have orbital periods between 0.81 and 23.98 d. Some interesting systems include two ultra-short-period planets, three multiplanetary systems, three sub-Neptunes that appear to be within the small planet Radius Gap, and two validated and one candidate sub-Earths (EPIC 210706310.01, K2-411 b, and K2-413 b) orbiting metal-poor stars.