bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodic optical filter based on high-Q nested multiple coupled-knots resonator
Authors: Yi Yating , Zhao Haiyan , Jiang Yuxuan , Brambilla Gilberto , Fan Ya-Xian , Wang Pengfei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A periodic optical filter based on nested knots resonator structure is proposed. The structure consists of a knot resonator with a number of smaller coupled-knot-resonators nested in it, similarly to a dual-bus coupled ring resonator, where the end bus terminations are connected to form a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The variation of periodical transmission output is shown to be mainly due to the change of field components that results in constructive or destructive interference between the nested multiple coupled-knots and the outer loop. The coupling matrix formalism is used to investigate the influence of the number of coupled-knots and their coupling coefficient on the transmission spectrum. The theoretical result shows that the temperature effect can be eliminated by immersing the resonator in ethanol solution. The output spectrum from a fabricated sample with high-Q is also presented. The device is capable of generating a periodical spectral filtering response and has potential applications as a filter or interleaver.
Structure and properties of flat cocoon silk after silk reeling
Authors: Wang Huiling , Zhou Bin , Ma Mingbo , Zhou Wenlong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Silk is obtained mostly from oval cocoons. In this paper, the flat cocoons were obtained by changing the silking environment of Bombyx mori silkworms. Then the appropriate method was used to reel the flat cocoons. The structure, thermal and mechanical properties of flat cocoon silk (FCS) after silk reeling and degumming were studied. The experimental results have shown that flat cocoon silk has the same main composition and similar thermal performance as that of common cocoon silk (CCS), but the sericin distribution on the surface of FCS is more uniform, the crystallinity degree of the FCS (53.77%) is slightly higher than that of the CCS (50.02%), and the cross-sectional areas of the FCS before and after degumming are smaller than those of the CCS. Before degumming, the stress of FCS is about 1% higher than that of CCS, the initial modulus is about 4.7% higher, and the strain is about 10.7% lower. After degumming, the stress of FCS is about 2.7% higher than that of CCS, the initial modulus is about 7.8% higher, and the strain is about 31.3% lower. The results have shown that FCS after silk reeling has application performance close to or even better than that of CCS.
Effect of different currents and compositions of Cu, MoS2 and HBN on the coating thickness of mild steel substrate using electric discharge coating
Authors: Patel Rakesh Kumar , Pradhan Mohan Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The substrate deposited on the workpiece is used by surface coating for the achievement of various properties in terms of hardness, smoothness, tear or wear etc But various methods such as electro-plating, conversion coating or several, are less effective because of costly machine involvement, complexity during operation, complexity during work-surface installation, specific (high/low) temperatures and thick coating. To achieve better coating among all, a layer of the modified composite coated surface using Copper (Cu), Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and Hexagonal Boron Nitride (HBN) with the help of an Electrical Discharge Machine (EDM) with reverse polarity is formed. In this process, the effect of two variable parameters current and composition (powder mixing ratio) of Cu, MoS2 and HBN with a 50% duty factor on the thickness of the deposited layer is observed. During the deposition process, each green compact electrode is formed by mixing the powdered material in a mortar for approximately 2.5 h and after processing in a hot press moulding machine. The deposited layer of the coating has also been analyzed using FESEM, XRD and tribological properties, where the highest deposition or thickness of the coating has been achieved at a powder mixing ratio of 20/40/40 to Cu/HBN/MoS2 with a current of 10 A at the same duty factor. Overall, better coating with controllable thickness can be achieved by using EDC, which can be helpful in automobiles or other industries where metal-to-metal friction causes performance loss.
Quantum particle in a spherical well confined by a cone
Authors: Halifa Levi Raz , Kantor Yacov 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We consider the quantum problem of a particle in either a spherical box or a finite spherical well confined by a circular cone with an apex angle 2θ
0 emanating from the center of the sphere, with 0 < θ
0 < π. This non-central potential can be solved by an extension of techniques used in spherically-symmetric problems. The angular parts of the eigenstates depend on azimuthal angle φ and polar angle θ as

P

λ

m

(
cos
θ
)

e

im
φ

where

P

λ

m

is the associated Legendre function of integer order m and (usually noninteger) degree λ. There is an infinite discrete set of values

λ
=

λ

i

m

(i = 0, 1, 3, ...) that depend on m and θ
0. Each

λ

i

m

has an infinite sequence of eigenenergies

E

n

(

λ

i

m

)

, with corresponding radial parts of eigenfunctions. In a spherical box the discrete energy spectrum is determined by the zeros of the spherical Bessel functions. For several θ
0 we demonstrate the validity of Weyl’s continuous estimate



W

for the exact number of states



up to energy E, and evaluate the fluctuations of



around



W

. We examine the behavior of bound states in a well of finite depth U
0, and find the critical value U

c
(θ
0) when all bound states disappear. The radial part of the zero energy eigenstate outside the well is 1/r

λ+1, which is not square-integrable for λ ≤ 1/2. (0 < λ ≤ 1/2) can appear for θ
0 > θ

c
≈ 0.726π and has no parallel in spherically-symmetric potentials. Bound states have spatial extent ξ which diverges as a (possibly λ-dependent) power law as U
0 approaches the value where the eigenenergy of that state vanishes.
Home Blood Pressure Monitoring in Women of Child-Bearing Age With Hypertension From 2009 to 2014
Authors: Kovell Lara C , Maxner Benjamin , Shankara Sravya , Lemon Stephenie C , Person Sharina D , Moore Simas Tiffany A , Turkson-Ocran Ruth-Alma , McManus David D , Juraschek Stephen P 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Hypertension (HTN) is a leading cause of maternal mortality, and HTN guidelines recommend home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) to help achieve blood pressure (BP) control. Evidence suggests that HBPM be coupled with a care team to maximize its effectiveness. HBPM use and the prevalence of provider counseling in child-bearing age women with HTN are unknown.

METHODS
We used data from 3,614 women in the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2009–2014 to determine HBPM use and provider counseling for women of child-bearing age (20–50 years) with and without HTN. HBPM use and provider counseling were self-reported. We examined rates of HBPM use by race/ethnicity, poverty–income ratio (PIR), education, and insurance.

RESULTS
Among women of child-bearing age with HTN, the mean (SE) age was 37.0 (0.3) years, the mean (SE) BMI was 35.5 (0.6) kg/m2, and 73% were on BP medication. Of these women with HTN, 49.6% reported HBPM use in the past year and 40.4% received provider counseling. There was no significant difference in HBPM use by race/ethnicity, PIR, or insurance, though higher education was associated with HBPM use. Women with HTN who received provider counseling were more likely to use HBPM (odds ratio = 15.7, 95% confidence interval 9.1–26.9).

CONCLUSIONS
Nearly half of child-bearing age women with HTN have adopted HBPM, and provider counseling was strongly associated with HBPM use. This highlights a need and opportunity for providers to improve BP management by supporting a popular and valuable monitoring approach among women of child-bearing age with HTN.
A penalized linear mixed model with generalized method of moments for prediction analysis on high-dimensional multi-omics data
Authors: Wang Xiaqiong , Wen Yalu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
With the advances in high-throughput biotechnologies, high-dimensional multi-layer omics data become increasingly available. They can provide both confirmatory and complementary information to disease risk and thus have offered unprecedented opportunities for risk prediction studies. However, the high-dimensionality and complex inter/intra-relationships among multi-omics data have brought tremendous analytical challenges. Here we present a computationally efficient penalized linear mixed model with generalized method of moments estimator (MpLMMGMM) for the prediction analysis on multi-omics data. Our method extends the widely used linear mixed model proposed for genomic risk predictions to model multi-omics data, where kernel functions are used to capture various types of predictive effects from different layers of omics data and penalty terms are introduced to reduce the impact of noise. Compared with existing penalized linear mixed models, the proposed method adopts the generalized method of moments estimator and it is much more computationally efficient. Through extensive simulation studies and the analysis of positron emission tomography imaging outcomes, we have demonstrated that MpLMMGMM can simultaneously consider a large number of variables and efficiently select those that are predictive from the corresponding omics layers. It can capture both linear and nonlinear predictive effects and achieves better prediction performance than competing methods.
Neurovascular injury with complement activation and inflammation in COVID-19
Authors: Lee Myoung Hwa , Perl Daniel P , Steiner Joseph , Pasternack Nicholas , Li Wenxue , Maric Dragan , Safavi Farinaz , Horkayne-Szakaly Iren , Jones Robert , Stram Michelle N , Moncur Joel T , Hefti Marco , Folkerth Rebecca D , Nath Avindra 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The underlying mechanisms by which severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to acute and long-term neurological manifestations remains obscure. We aimed to characterize the neuropathological changes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and determine the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
In this autopsy study of the brain, we characterized the vascular pathology, the neuroinflammatory changes and cellular and humoral immune responses by immunohistochemistry.
All patients died during the first wave of the pandemic from March to July 2020. All patients were adults who died after a short duration of the infection, some had died suddenly with minimal respiratory involvement. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed on ante-mortem or post-mortem testing. Descriptive analysis of the pathological changes and quantitative analyses of the infiltrates and vascular changes were performed.
All patients had multifocal vascular damage as determined by leakage of serum proteins into the brain parenchyma. This was accompanied by widespread endothelial cell activation. Platelet aggregates and microthrombi were found adherent to the endothelial cells along vascular lumina. Immune complexes with activation of the classical complement pathway were found on the endothelial cells and platelets. Perivascular infiltrates consisted of predominantly macrophages and some CD8+ T cells. Only rare CD4+ T cells and CD20+ B cells were present. Astrogliosis was also prominent in the perivascular regions. Microglial nodules were predominant in the hindbrain, which were associated with focal neuronal loss and neuronophagia.
Antibody-mediated cytotoxicity directed against the endothelial cells is the most likely initiating event that leads to vascular leakage, platelet aggregation, neuroinflammation and neuronal injury. Therapeutic modalities directed against immune complexes should be considered.
miR-21-5p/Tiam1-mediated glycolysis reprogramming drives breast cancer progression via enhancing PFKL stabilization
Authors: Li Nan , Wang Xinyue , Sun Jie , Liu Ying , Han Anna , Lin Zhenhua , Yang Yang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
T lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (Tiam1) as a tumor-associated gene specifically activates Rho-like GTPases Rac1 and implicates in the invasive phenotype of many cancers. Altering the glycolytic pathway is foreseen as a sound approach to trigger cancer regression. However, the mechanism of Tiam1 in breast cancer (BC) glycolysis reprogramming remains to be clarified. Here, we reported the Tiam1 high expression and prognostic significance in BC. In vitro and in vivo experimental assays identified the functional role of Tiam1 in promoting BC cell proliferation, metastasis and glycolysis reprogramming. Mechanistically, we showed for the first time that Tiam1 could interact with the crucial glycolytic enzyme phosphofructokinase, liver type (PFKL) and promote the evolution of BC in a PFKL-dependent manner. Moreover, miR-21-5p was found to exacerbate the BC proliferation and aggression by targeting Tiam1. Altogether, our study highlights the critical role of Tiam1 in BC development and that the miR-21-5p/Tiam1/PFKL signaling pathway may serve as a target for new anti-BC therapeutic strategies.
Rh Blood Group D Antigen Genotyping Using a Portable Nanopore-based Sequencing Device: Proof of Principle
Authors: Tounsi Wajnat A , Lenis Vasileios P , Tammi Silja M , Sainio Susanna , Haimila Katri , Avent Neil D , Madgett Tracey E 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundNanopore sequencing is direct sequencing of a single-stranded DNA molecule using biological pores. A portable nanopore-based sequencing device from Oxford Nanopore Technologies (MinION) depends on driving a DNA molecule through nanopores embedded in a membrane using a voltage. Changes in current are then measured by a sensor, thousands of times per second and translated to nucleobases.MethodsGenomic DNA (gDNA) samples (n = 13) were tested for Rh blood group D antigen (RHD) gene zygosity using droplet digital PCR. The RHD gene was amplified in 6 overlapping amplicons using long-range PCR. Amplicons were purified, and the sequencing library was prepared following the 1D Native barcoding gDNA protocol. Sequencing was carried out with 1D flow cells R9 version. Data analysis included basecalling, aligning to the RHD reference sequence, and calling variants. Variants detected were compared to the results acquired previously by the Ion Personal Genome Machine (Ion PGM).ResultsUp to 500× sequence coverage across the RHD gene allowed accurate variant calling. Exonic changes in the RHD gene allowed RHD allele determination for all samples sequenced except 1 RHD homozygous sample, where 2 heterozygous RHD variant alleles are suspected. There were 3 known variant RHD alleles (RHD*01W.02, RHD*11, and RHD*15) and 6 novel RHD variant alleles, as previously seen in Ion PGM sequencing data for these samples.ConclusionsMinION was effective in blood group genotyping, provided enough sequencing data to achieve high coverage of the RHD gene, and enabled confident calling of variants and RHD allele determination.
Coordinate System-Based Trust-Aware Web Services Composition in Edge and Cloud Environment
Authors: Brahmi Zaki , Selmi Afef 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the next few years, the number of devices connected to the web will increase dramatically. This has encouraged the development of complexes and intelligent service-based applications using new paradigms and technologies such as edge computing and cloud computing. These applications are mainly built by the interaction between heterogonous web services. Answering end-users’ queries demands that these services collect, integrate and communicate sensitive data, which makes the vulnerability of data a serious issue. Thereby, this issue is a critical problem in the automatic services composition while users are frequently unquieted about the security and control of their sensitive data. To address this problem, our main idea is that avoiding disclosure of sensitive information can be ensured by selecting services where their mutual trust is high while preserving a good quality of service (QoS) as possible. A new Heuristic Trust-aware Web Services Composition Approach (CWS_SMA) is proposed. CWS_SMA aims to: (i) compute an optimal trust and QoS-aware web services composition based on the mathematical coordinate system, (ii) improve the composition response time based on a set of cooperative intelligent agents. Eventually, the simulations results show the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
Not enough SPIRIT shown in the registration and reporting of orthodontic trial protocols
Authors: Eleftheriadi Iro , Ioannou Thomais , Katechi Viktoria , Seehra Jadbinder , Pandis Nikolaos 
Published: April 2022

Summary

Background
To reduce bias associated with selective reporting, the registration and publication of clinical trial protocols before or at the time of patient enrolment has been advocated. The aim of this investigation was to assess the frequency of registration and reporting adherence of orthodontic trial protocols pre- and post-introduction of the Standard Protocol Items Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) Statement.

Materials and method
Trial protocols registered in four online registries were sourced at two time periods: (1 January 2010–1 January 2013) and (1 January 2017–1 January 2021). Protocols were screened and data extracted, in duplicate and independently. The reporting adherence of each protocol was assessed in relation to the thirty-three item SPIRIT statement. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine associations between time periods and trial protocol characteristics. Median regression was implemented to assess potential associations between the percent score per protocol and protocol characteristics.

Results
A total of 100 protocols were analysed. Thirty-three and sixty-seven protocols were registered in the first and second time periods, respectively. An association between period and the timing of registration (prospectively or retrospectively) (P &lt; 0.001) and funding source (University or Company) (P &lt; 0.001) was evident. Overall, 25 of the 33 (75.5%) SPIRIT statement items were not reported in either timeframe. The median percent reporting quality score was 26.9 (IQR 6.9). The type of registry was associated with percent scores and published studies received better percent scores compared to unpublished studies and academic or private protocol submissions.

Conclusions
There is a general lack of awareness of the importance and relevance of the SPIRIT statement. Registration of orthodontic trial protocols has apparently improved; however, 75.5% SPIRIT statement items were not reported in either study time period. The registration and reporting of orthodontic trial protocols should be advocated to circumvent issues relating to selective reporting and outcome reporting bias.
A musical farewell in bi-confessional early modern Austria
Authors: Friesenegger Dietmar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Music of the Protestant Reformation continues to be of enduring interest to scholars and performers, and recent research has drawn attention to the complex bi-and tri-confessional landscape of German-speaking lands in the 16th and 17th centuries. However, the topic of music and Protestantism in early modern Austrian lands has remained little researched. This article examines the funeral motet for the nobleman Ludwig II von Polheim from 1608, in the context of printed Lutheran funeral sermons and the anti-Catholic propaganda of the large-scale fresco at Parz Castle in Upper Austria. A close reading of the motet suggests music’s key role in the expression of religious doctrine, the negotiation of denominational identity, and the battle for souls in bi-confessional early modern Austria.
Genome annotation of Caenorhabditis briggsae by TEC-RED identifies new exons, paralogs, and conserved and novel operons
Authors: Jhaveri Nikita , van den Berg Wouter , Hwang Byung Joon , Muller Hans-Michael , Sternberg Paul W , Gupta Bhagwati P 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae is routinely used in comparative and evolutionary studies involving its well-known cousin Caenorhabditis elegans. The C. briggsae genome sequence has accelerated research by facilitating the generation of new resources, tools, and functional studies of genes. While substantial progress has been made in predicting genes and start sites, experimental evidence is still lacking in many cases. Here, we report an improved annotation of the C. briggsae genome using the trans-spliced exon coupled RNA end determination technique. In addition to identifying the 5′ ends of expressed genes, we have discovered operons and paralogs. In summary, our analysis yielded 10,243 unique 5′ end sequence tags with matches in the C. briggsae genome. Of these, 6,395 were found to represent 4,252 unique genes along with 362 paralogs and 52 previously unknown exons. These genes included 14 that are exclusively trans-spliced in C. briggsae when compared with C. elegans orthologs. A major contribution of this study is the identification of 492 high confidence operons, of which two-thirds are fully supported by tags. In addition, 2 SL1-type operons were discovered. Interestingly, comparisons with C. elegans showed that only 40% of operons are conserved. Of the remaining operons, 73 are novel, including 12 that entirely lack orthologs in C. elegans. Further analysis revealed that 4 of the 12 novel operons are conserved in Caenorhabditis nigoni. Altogether, the work described here has significantly advanced our understanding of the C. briggsae system and serves as a rich resource to aid biological studies involving this species.
Massive expression of cysteine-containing proteins causes abnormal elongation of yeast cells by perturbing the proteasome
Authors: Namba Shotaro , Kato Hisaaki , Shigenobu Shuji , Makino Takashi , Moriya Hisao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) is considered to be a harmless protein because the critical expression level that causes growth defects is higher than that of other proteins. Here, we found that overexpression of EGFP, but not a glycolytic protein Gpm1, triggered the cell elongation phenotype in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By the morphological analysis of the cell overexpressing fluorescent protein and glycolytic enzyme variants, we revealed that cysteine content was associated with the cell elongation phenotype. The abnormal cell morphology triggered by overexpression of EGFP was also observed in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Overexpression of cysteine-containing protein was toxic, especially at high-temperature, while the toxicity could be modulated by additional protein characteristics. Investigation of protein aggregate formation, morphological abnormalities in mutants, and transcriptomic changes that occur upon overexpression of EGFP variants suggested that perturbation of the proteasome by the exposed cysteine of the overexpressed protein causes cell elongation. Overexpression of proteins with relatively low folding properties, such as EGFP, was also found to promote the formation of SHOTA (Seventy kDa Heat shock protein-containing, Overexpression-Triggered Aggregates), an intracellular aggregate that incorporates Hsp70/Ssa1, which induces a heat shock response, while it was unrelated to cell elongation. Evolutionary analysis of duplicated genes showed that cysteine toxicity may be an evolutionary bias to exclude cysteine from highly expressed proteins. The overexpression of cysteine-less moxGFP, the least toxic protein revealed in this study, would be a good model system to understand the physiological state of protein burden triggered by ultimate overexpression of harmless proteins.