bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida from Kupang based on ISSR profiles, stomatal density, and chlorophyll content
Authors: JANNAH NUR , PHARMAWATI MADE , USLAN USLAN 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Jannah N, Pharmawati M, Uslan. 2022. Genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida from Kupang based on ISSR profiles, stomatal density, and chlorophyll content. Biodiversitas 23: 2690-2698. This study investigated the genetic diversity of Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.or faloak based on Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) molecular markers and determined stomatal density and chlorophyll content from several localities in Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. For genetic diversity analysis, samples were collected from the Oelsonbai forest area of Maulafa Sub-district, Kupang City, whereas for stomatal density and chlorophyll content analysis, samples were collected from areas with various degrees of anthropogenic activity from Kupang city. DNA was isolated using Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) method and amplified by three ISSR primers (UBC 811, UBC 812, and UBC 815), whereas stomatal density was observed using a microscope and chlorophyll content was determined using a spectrophotometer. Genetic data were analyzed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method and Nei & Li coefficient similarity in the MVSP software. A total of 78 ISSR bands ranging from 320-3200 bp were obtained, where populations were divided into four main clusters and six sub-clusters, similarly having moderate heterozygosity (He=0.50) not clustered based on their geographical distribution. There was a difference in stomatal density and chlorophyll content, probably influenced by anthropogenic disturbances. A conservation action plan is required to ensure the S. quadrifida's survival in the future.
Application of sexual dimorphism-derived variation in morphometrics and intraspecific interaction likelihood in Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) to increase species encounter rates
Authors: Novriyanti Novriyanti , Takandjandji Mariana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Novriyanti N, Takandjandji M. 2022. Application of sexual dimorphism-derived variation in morphometrics and intraspecific interaction likelihood in Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) to increase species encounter rates. Biodiversitas 23: 2753-2759. Effectively encounters opportunities of Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) in natural habitats is still necessary to have more research. A diversity of pangolins' physical and biological characteristics has been disclosed to facilitate the identification process in natural habitats. However, pangolins are animals that tend to be solitary; they have fast movement, so the area coverage is extensive; this condition complicates the data collection process. It is unknown yet, whether pangolins of different sexes usually exist in the same space and time, either in terms of foraging or other interactions, known as intra-specific interactions. Thus, this study aimed to predict intraspecific interactions of M. javanica to increase the encountering of pangolins chance in natural habitats. As many as 29 individual pangolins (14 males and 15 females) be measured its morphometric data. To convincingly justify that morphometric variation can be used as encounter rate opportunities in natural habitats, a series of analyses, i.e., univariate test, correlation analysis, and multiple regression, were applied to this research. Other estimations from feeding activity data were also carried out to detect pangolins' niche width and its overlap according to sexual dimorphism. Univariate analysis shows that overall, the total body length (head to tail) of both males and females does not differ significantly. But, the correlation coefficient indicates the physical character of female and male body length is related to each other (value 0.769**). The resulting regression model indicates that the presence of pangolins in their sex similarity in a particular place tends to be avoided, while there is a 1:1 probability of sexual dimorphism. This also means that males and females can be used as the same individual in ecological observations.
Short Communication: Assessment of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv.) genetic variation in Java, Indonesia using atpB-rbcL and trnL-F intergenic spacer
Authors: SUSANTO AGUS HERY , DWIATI MURNI 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Susanto AH, Dwiati M. 2022. Short Communication: Assessment of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv.) genetic variation in Java, Indonesia using atpB-rbcLand trnL-F intergenic spacer. Biodiversitas 23: 2760-2767. Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica(L.) P.Beauv.) is an invasive species commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, consequently threatening global plant biodiversity, and sustainable agriculture. Nevertheless, some of its potential as a medicinal herb, phytoremediation agent, and alternative energy have been reported. genetic variation of cogongrass has been studied in certain areas, however genetic variation in Java, Indonesia has not been reported. Therefore, this study aims to assess the genetic variation of cogongrass in Java, Indonesia using atpB-rbcLand trnL-F intergenic spacer (IGS). Twenty-one plant samples were collected randomly from nine different sites and two pairs of universal primers were employed to amplify the markers. The results showed a much lower genetic difference among subpopulations in comparison to genetic variation within individual subpopulations. This result indicates that the subpopulations have high connectivity, meaning the rapid change in terrestrial ecosystems on the island does not affect the cogongrass population.
Ethnic diversity and burden of polycystic ovary syndrome among US adolescent females
Authors: Khil Jaclyn , Darbinian Jeanne A. , Guo Lynn , Greenspan Louise C. , Ramalingam Nirmala D. , Lo Joan C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common female endocrine disorder presenting as early as adolescence. Recent data suggest that Asians may be at increased risk. This study examines PCOS prevalence by race/ethnicity in a large, diverse population of adolescent females.

Methods
This retrospective study included 244,642 females (ages 13–17) with well-child visits during 2012–2018 in a Northern California healthcare system. Race/ethnicity and Asian ethnicity were classified using self-reported data. Body mass index was classified as healthy, overweight, and moderate/severe obesity. PCOS was determined by clinical diagnosis within one year of the visit.

Results
The overall prevalence of PCOS was 0.7% and increased substantially with weight. Among those with obesity, PCOS prevalence was 4.2, 2.9, 2.4, 2.1% in Asian/Pacific Islander (PI), Hispanic/Latina, Non-Hispanic White, Black adolescents and 7.8, 6.7, 5.7, 3.4% in South Asian, Chinese, Filipina, Native Hawaiian/PI adolescents, respectively. Compared to White adolescents, Asian/PIs had two-fold higher risk of PCOS, and Hispanic/Latinas had 1.3-fold higher risk. Compared to Chinese adolescents, South Asians had 1.7-fold higher risk, while Native Hawaiian/PIs had half the risk.

Conclusions
The increased burden of diagnosed PCOS in Asian/PI and Hispanic/Latina adolescents, especially those with obesity, calls for further examination and clinical surveillance of at-risk populations.
Recent advancements in metal–organic frameworks integrating quantum dots (QDs@MOF) and their potential applications
Authors: Giri Lopamudra , Rout Smruti Rekha , Varma Rajender S. , Otyepka Michal , Jayaramulu Kolleboyina , Dandela Rambabu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Design and development of new materials and their hybrids are key to addressing current energy issues. Thanks to their tunable textural and physiochemical properties, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) show great potential toward gas sorption, catalysis, sensing, and electrochemical energy applications. Nevertheless, practical applications of MOFs have been hampered because of their limited electrical conductivity, micropore size, and poor stability. However, smart integration of zero-dimensional quantum dots (QDs) into an MOF template, where the host structure offers suitable interactions for enhancing the stability and synergic properties, may be a solution. The objective of this review is to summarize recent advances in the field of QD@MOFs, highlighting fresh approaches to synthesis strategies and progress made in their application to optoelectronic devices, sensing, biomedical, catalysis, and energy storage. The current challenges and future directions of QDs@MOFs hybrids toward advancing energy and environmental applications are also addressed. We anticipate that this review will inspire researchers to develop novel MOF hybrids for energy, optoelectronics, and biomedical applications.
Effects of cinnamaldehyde on the germination and growth of Bacillus cereus spores in ready-to-eat boiled ground beef
Authors: Zhang Menghan , Zhou Ruixiang , Jin Sixu , Song Yuhang , Xu Nuonuo , Wang Yuexia 
Published: May 2022

The study quantitatively described the effects of cinnamaldehyde on the germination and growth of Bacillus cereus spores in boiled ready-to-eat ground beef. With the combination of the concentrations of cinnamaldehyde 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% vol/wt at temperatures 12, 20, 28, and 36°C, the Huang model was successfully used as the primary model to predict the lag time (λ) and maximum growth rate (µmax). Thereafter, the cubic polynomial models were used to estimate the values of Ln λ and Ln µmax considering both the storage temperature and cinnamaldehyde concentration. The models were highly accurate, because they produced acceptable root mean squared error (RMSE) values that were close to 0, while the determination (R2), accuracy factor (Af), and bias factor (Bf) values were all close to 1. As indicated by the fitted models, the supplementary of cinnamaldehyde in samples increased the lag time of B. cereus significantly from 17.7 to 75.8 h at 12°C of storage. Increasing the storage temperature from 12 to 36°C led to only 0.80-fold prolongation of lag time from 1.6 to 2.9 h in the sample containing cinnamaldehyde. However, the µmax value declined most obviously at 20°C, while 66% decrease was determined. According to the results, the cinnamaldehyde can be used as a natural antimicrobial agent in boiled ready-to-eat ground beef in staple food industry by inhibiting the germination and growth of B. cereus. The results also provided regressing models that can be used for effectively designing the storage temperature and cinnamaldehyde concentration for a specific requirement.
1.5 versus 3 Tesla structural MRI in patients with focal epilepsy
Authors: Zhu Hanjie , Scott James , Hurley Alison , Gaxiola‐Valdez Ismael , Peedicail Joseph S. , Federico Paolo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective. Structural MRI is a critical component in the pre‐surgical investigation of epilepsy, as identifying an epileptogenic lesion increases the chance of post‐surgical seizure freedom. In general practice, 1.5T and 3T MRI scans are still the mainstream in most epilepsy centres, particularly in resource‐poor countries. When 1.5T MRI is non‐lesional, a repeat scan is often performed as a higher‐field structural scan, usually 3T. However, it is not known whether scanning at 3T increases diagnostic yield in patients with focal epilepsy. We sought to compare lesion detection and other features of 1.5T and 3T MRI acquired in the same patients with epilepsy.Methods. MRI scans (1.5T and 3T) from 100 patients were presented in a blinded, randomized order to two neuroradiologists. The presence, location, and number of potentially epileptogenic lesions were compared. In addition, tissue contrast and the presence of motion/technical artifacts were compared using a 4‐point subjective scale.Results. Both the qualitative tissue contrast and motion/technical artifacts were improved at 3T. However, this did not result in statistically significant improvement in lesion detection. Qualitatively, five patients had subtle lesions seen only at 3T. However, minor differences in image acquisition parameters between 1.5T and 3T scans in these cases may have resulted in greater lesion visibility at 3T in four patients. Based on a general linear model analysis, the presence of a focal abnormality on EEG was predictive of the presence of a lesion at 1.5T and 3T.Significance. Repeat MRI scanning of patients with focal epilepsy at 3T using similar scan protocols does not significantly increase diagnostic yield over scanning at 1.5T; the increased signal‐to‐noise ratio can potentially be better allocated for novel scan sequences in order to provide more clinical value.
Electrical Wada for pre‐surgical memory testing: a case report
Authors: Kaestner Erik , Pedersen Nigel P. , Hu Ranling , Vosoughi Armin , Alwaki Abdulrahman , Ruiz Andres Rodriguez , Staikova Ekaterina , Hewitt Kelsey C. , Epstein Charles , McDonald Carrie R. , Gross Robert E. , Drane Daniel L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe report a case study of a surgical candidate, a 51‐year‐old woman with left temporal lobe epilepsy, who failed a left injection intracarotid amobarbital procedure (e.g., Wada test), scoring 0 of 8 items. This raised concerns for postoperative memory decline. However, the patient was uninterested in a neuromodulatory approach and wished to be reconsidered for surgery. A stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy (SLAH) was considered, encouraging the need for an alternative test to evaluate risk of memory decline. We developed a novel approach to testing memory during stimulation of a depth electrode implanted in the hippocampus, i.e., an electric Wada. During multiple stimulation trials across a range of amplitudes, the patient scored up to 8 of 8 items, which suggested strong contralateral memory support. The surgical team proceeded with a radiofrequency ablation and a subsequent SLAH. The patient remains seizure‐free at 12 months post SLAH with no evidence of verbal or visuospatial memory decline based on a post‐surgical neuropsychological battery. We believe that this case study provides a proof of concept for the feasibility and possible utility of an electric version of the Wada procedure. Future studies are needed to develop an optimal paradigm and to validate this approach.
Electroclinical features and long‐term therapeutic response in patients with typical absence seizures
Authors: Vlachou Maria , Skrimpas Georgios Alexandros , Kural Mustafa Aykut , Rackauskaite Gija , Nikanorova Natalya , Christensen Jakob , Nikanorova Marina , Beniczky Sándor 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective. To characterize in detail the electroclinical features of typical absence seizures and elucidate whether EEG or semiology features, alone or in combination, can predict long‐term therapeutic outcome.
Methods
. We analysed video‐EEG recordings from 213 typical absence seizures from 61 patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy. We extracted semiological features, in addition to hallmark manifestations (motor/behavioural arrest, non‐responsiveness), their location, timing and frequency. We evaluated the duration and frequency of generalized spike‐wave discharges and the presence of polyspikes. We used a supervised machine‐learning approach (random forest) to search for classifier features for long‐term therapeutic outcome (>one year).Results. Besides the hallmark manifestations, additional semiological features were identified in 87% of patients (75% of seizures). The most common additional semiological features were automatisms and eye blinking (observed in 45% and 41.5% of seizures, respectively). Automatisms were associated with longer seizure duration, and oral automatisms occurred earlier compared to limb automatisms (4.03 vs. 6.19 seconds; p=0.005). The mean duration of the ictal spike‐wave discharges was nine seconds, and the median frequency was 3 Hz. Polyspikes occurred in 46 seizures (21.6%), in 19 patients (31%). Median follow‐up was five years, and 73% of the patients were seizure‐free at the end of the follow‐up. None of the semiological features, alone or in combination, were predictors of therapeutic outcome. The only significant classifier was the presence of polyspikes, predicting a non‐seizure‐free outcome with an accuracy of 73% (95% CI: 70‐77%), positive predictive value of 92% (95% CI: 84‐98%) and negative predictive value of 60% (95% CI: 39‐81%).Significance. Semiological features, in addition to behavioural arrest and non‐responsiveness, are common in typical absence seizures, but they do not predict long‐term therapeutic outcome. The presence of polyspikes has a high positive predictive value for unfavourable therapeutic outcome, and their presence should therefore be included when reporting EEGs in patients with typical absence seizures.
Diagnostic value of MRI in the presurgical evaluation of patients with epilepsy: influence of field strength and sequence selection: a systematic review and meta‐analysis from the E‐PILEPSY Consortium
Authors: Rados Matea , Mouthaan Brian , Barsi Peter , Carmichael David , Heckemann Rolf A. , Kelemen Anna , Kobulashvili Teia , Kuchukhidze Giorgi , Marusic Petr , Minkin Krasimir , Tisdall Martin , Trinka Eugen , Veersema Tim , Vos Sjoerd B. , Wagner Jan , Braun Kees , van Eijsden Pieter ,   E‐PILEPSY and the ERN EPiCARE
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective MRI is a cornerstone in presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. Despite guidelines, clinical practice varies. In light of the E‐PILEPSY pilot reference network, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis on the diagnostic value of MRI in the presurgical evaluation of epilepsy patients.Methods We included original research articles on diagnostic value of higher MRI field strength and guideline‐recommended and additional MRI sequences in detecting an epileptogenic lesion in adult or paediatric epilepsy surgery candidates. Lesion detection rate was used as a metric in meta‐analysis.Results Eighteen studies were included for MRI field strength and 25 for MRI sequences, none were free from bias. In patients with normal MRI at lower‐field strength, 3T improved lesion detection rate by 18% and 7T by 23%. Field strengths higher than 1.5T did not have higher lesion detection rates in patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). The lesion detection rate of epilepsy‐specific MRI protocols was 83% for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients. Dedicated MRI protocols and evaluation by an experienced epilepsy neuroradiologist increased lesion detection. For HS, 3DT1, T2, and FLAIR each had a lesion detection rate at around 90%. Apparent diffusion coefficient indices had a lateralizing value of 33% for TLE. DTI fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity had a localizing value of 8% and 34%.Significance A dedicated MRI protocol and expert evaluation benefits lesion detection rate in epilepsy surgery candidates. If patients remain MRI negative, imaging at higher‐field strength may reveal lesions. In HS, apparent diffusion coefficient indices may aid lateralization and localization more than increasing field strength. DTI can add further diagnostic information. For other additional sequences, the quality and number of studies is insufficient to draw solid conclusions. Our findings may be used as evidence base for developing new high‐quality MRI studies and clinical guidelines.
Mucormycosis – A prosthodontists perspective
Authors: Tadikonda Sahaja , Kumar C Ravi , M Sujesh , AV Rajinikanth , Kollu Sunitha , N Prajwala 
Published: May 2022

Mucormycosis, an opportunistic fungal infection commonly associated with diabetes, is now intermittent as a result of co-infection with COVID-19 and steroid use, affecting the nose and paranasal sinuses of the head and neck region, with high mortality and morbidity. It is also more common in diabetic ketoacidosis, neutropenia, cancer, organ transplantation, and/or high serum iron levels, burns, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, indiscriminate usage of steroids, lymphoma, leukemia, poor metabolic status etc. The most common treatment protocol for such conditions is aggressive surgical debridement, which includes resection of involved maxillofacial structures such as the maxilla, orbit, and/or nose.Rehabilitation of such large maxillofacial defects is a Prosthodontic challenge, with many problems encountered such as lack of retention due to dislodging forces exerted by scarred postsurgical soft tissues, lack of bony base, lost structures of the posterior palatal seal area, multiple defect sites, and compromised medical status due to comorbidities, which also affects the defect's healing rate.For patients to survive, early diagnosis and treatment are frequently required. The clinical manifestations, etiopathogenesis, and management of the dreaded fungal infection known as mucormycosis in the head and neck region will be reviewed in this paper.
Misclassification of Gleason grade and tumor stage in Asian-American patients with low-risk prostate cancer
Authors: Qi Feng , Xu Wenbo , Li Xiao , Zou Qing , Xu Zicheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the misclassification rates of Asian-American patients with low-risk prostate cancer (PCa).Methods: Patients diagnosed with low-risk PCa treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) between 2010 and 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included in this study. Then, basic characteristics and pathological outcomes of the enrolled patients were retrospectively extracted. We compared the rates of upgrading and/or upstaging between Asian-American patients and White/Black patients. Moreover, temporal trend analyses were performed to explore the changes in upgrading and upstaging rates in each race over time. Finally, logistic regression models were constructed to explore the role of Asian race in upgrading and upstaging and to screen out potential risk factors for predicting upgrading and upstaging in Asian-American patients.Results: Asian-Americans had a significantly higher rate of upgrading than Whites (P<0.001), while no statistical difference was found in the comparison of upstaging rate (P=0.536). Moreover, Asian-Americans were more likely to upgrade to diseases with higher International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade than Whites (P=0.010). The rate of upgrading increased significantly over time in White and Black patients, but not in Asian-American patients. Finally, race seemed to be an independent risk factor for predicting upgrading, while the racial differences seemed to be more pronounced between White and Black patients.Conclusion: Asian-American patients had a significantly higher rate of upgrading than White patients. Moreover, Asian-American patients were more likely to upgrade to diseases with higher ISUP grade. Further risk assessment before clinical decision for low-risk PCa patients with the help of significant clinical variables is required.