bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CLOSURE OF IDIOPATHIC FULL-THICKNESS MACULAR HOLE AFTER INTRAVITREAL C3F8 INJECTION WITHOUT VITREOMACULAR TRACTION RELEASE: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Fazel Farhad , Rezaeian-Ramsheh Abdolreza , Fazel Mohammadreza , Ahmadieh Hamid 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The purpose of this study was to describe a successful closure of macular hole without release of vitreomacular traction after intravitreal perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas injection.

Case Presentation:
A 54-year-old woman was referred to our clinic with the history of declined vision after a period of distorted vision in her right eye. After dilated fundus examination and performing optical coherence tomography, a V-shaped vitreomacular traction complicated by full-thickness macular hole was diagnosed and she underwent pneumatic vitreolysis using intravitreal C3F8 gas injection. After 12 weeks, her visual acuity was significantly improved and fundus examination and optical coherence tomography revealed that the macular hole was completely resolved despite persisted vitreomacular traction.

Conclusion:
Intravitreal gas injection would be a promising option to manage idiopathic macular holes not only by releasing the vitreous traction on the macula but also through some not proven or even unknown mechanisms.
A New Contact Lens Sensor System for Continuous Intraocular Pressure Monitoring: Evaluation of Safety and Tolerability
Authors: Zhang Yuning , Wei Yifan , Karunaratne I. K. , Lee Ching Hymn Christopher , Deng Mingjie , Chen Zidong , Yang Yangfan , Chong Iok Tong , Lam David C. C. , Yu Minbin 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To assess the safety and tolerability of a new contact lens sensor (CLS) system for continuous 3- and 24-hr intraocular pressure (IOP) monitoring in human eyes.

Methods:
Twenty-five subjects were recruited for 3-hr IOP measurement by CLS. Corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) scores were evaluated before and after measurement. Then, 30 participants (10 normal subjects and 20 glaucoma patients) were recruited for 24-hr IOP monitoring. Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) was assessed before and one day after measurement. Contact lens dry eye questionnaire-8 was assessed immediately after measurement. Visual analog scale of discomfort was measured before, immediately after, and one day after measurement. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), tear break-up time (TBUT), and CFS were assessed before, immediately after, and 1 day after measurement.

Results:
All participants completed 3- or 24-hr IOP measurement by CLS. Corneal fluorescein staining increased from 0.6±0.7 to 2.4±1.5 after 3-hr IOP measurement (P<0.001). For participants undergoing 24-hr IOP monitoring, OSDI increased from 9.1±9.7 to 18.0±12.4 (P=0.001). CLDEQ-8 score was 11.6±5.8. Visual analog scale increased from 11.1±14.2 to 35.2±21.8 after measurement (P<0.001) and decreased to 26.7±18.4 one day later (P<0.001 compared with baseline). BCVA decreased from 1.0±0.01 to 0.8±0.1 (P<0.001) and returned to 0.9±0.1 after one day (P<0.001 compared with baseline). TBUT decreased from 5.1±3.9 to 2.6±1.5 s (P=0.001) and returned to 4.8±2.5 s (P=0.465 compared with baseline). Corneal fluorescein staining increased from 0.7±0.9 to 4.3±0.8 (P<0.001) and dropped to 0.8±0.7 (P=0.599 compared with baseline). No significant difference was found for all variations of indicators between normal subjects and glaucoma patients (P>0.1 for all comparisons).

Conclusions:
The CLS shows a great potential for a safe and tolerable 24-hr IOP monitoring in normal subjects and glaucoma patients. Clinical attention to the worsening signs and symptoms after measurement is required.
A paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus input to ventral of lateral septal nucleus controls chronic visceral pain
Authors: Li Yong-Chang , Wang Qian , Li Meng-Ge , Hu Shu-Fen , Xu Guang-Yin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic visceral pain with complex etiology and difficult treatment. Accumulated evidence has confirmed that the sensitization of the central nervous system plays an important role in the development of visceral pain, whereas the exact mechanisms of action of the neural pathways remain largely unknown. In this study, a distinct neural circuit was identified from the paraventricular hypothalamic (PVH) to the ventral of lateral septal (LSV) region. This circuit was responsible for regulating visceral pain. In particular, the data indicated that the PVH CaMKIIα-positive neurons inputs to the LSV CaMKIIα-positive neurons were only activated by colorectal distention rather than somatic stimulations. The PVH-LSV CaMKIIα+ projection pathway was further confirmed by experiments containing a viral tracer. Optogenetic inhibition of PVH CaMKIIα+ inputs to LSV CaMKIIα-positive neurons suppressed visceral pain, whereas selective activation of the PVH-LSV CaMKIIα+ projection evoked visceral pain. These findings suggest the critical role of the PVH-LSV CaMKIIα+ circuit in regulating visceral pain.
Sleep quality, latency, and sleepiness are positively correlated with depression symptoms of Brazilians facing the pandemic-associated stressors of COVID-19
Authors: Garbuio Ana Luíza Paula , Carvalhal Talita Albertin Oliveira , Tomcix Mariana Fatima Ribeiro , dos Reis Ivan Gustavo Masseli , Messias Leonardo Henrique Dalcheco 
Published: August 2022

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus has implicated on mental health and psychopathological sequelae through viral infection. Suggestively, the pandemic-associated stressors (e.g., isolation, fear of illness, inadequate information and supply) may affect the sleep and feedback the depression symptoms, ultimately decreasing the immune system and offering further opportunities for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. Nevertheless, this association still requires investigation. Therefore, this study aimed to correlate the depression symptoms with sleep variables from subjects facing the restrictions of the ongoing pandemic in Brazil.
One hundred sixty-two volunteers (age = 31 ± 13 years; body mass = 69.8 ± 14.9 kg; height = 168 ± 9 cm) answered the Beck Depression Inventory, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index/Epworth Sleepiness Scale for determination of depression symptoms and sleep variables, respectively.
Significant and positive correlations were obtained between Beck score and sleep quality (r = 0.53; P = .000), sleep latency (r = 0.29; P = .000), and sleepiness (r = 0.22; P = .003), but not with sleep time (r = –0.10; P = .175).
This report concluded that Brazilians struggling with pandemic-associated stressors with high depression symptoms may have negative impacts on sleep, mainly regarding its quality, latency, and sleepiness.
Risk factors influencing COVID-19 mortality rate in OECD countries: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Lee Su-Jin , Kim Myung-Gwan , Kim Jung Hee , Park Chulyong , Kim Aeryoung , Hwang Jong-Moon 
Published: August 2022

Summary
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread globally; however, the COVID-19 mortality rate varies largely across countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting mortality and increase in mortality rate by time trends in 30 member countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). These countries have different national health and medical characteristics in terms of health care use, health equipment, health resource, health risk, and health status at different time points. The results revealed that the lower 25% of countries had an increase in the mortality rate of 27.21% which was higher than the upper 25% of countries’ increase in the mortality rate of 20.51%. Therefore, the affected countries should strengthen their medical infrastructure to prepare for such large-scale outbreaks in the future. It is imperative to reduce the health inequality between population groups and achieve health equity, regardless of the income gap, rather than vaccination of specific countries. This will require the management of non-communicable diseases, a solid health insurance system, a stable supply of medical supplies, and strengthening the competency of health care workers.
Correlation of TBK1, AR, and other serum cancer-related biomarkers in breast cancer patients: An observational study
Authors: Liu HanCheng , Li HuiMing , Zhang Jie , Meng QingLai , Ma LiHui 
Published: August 2022

Breast cancer (BC) ranks first for incidence and mortality in gynecological malignant tumors. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value of Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and its correlation with androgen receptor (AR) and other serum cancer-related biomarkers in BC patient. The present observational study included 451 female BC patients and 451 healthy controls. Serum levels of TBK1, AR and other cancer-related biomarkers were detected in all the patients and healthy controls. Patients’ demographic data and clinical data including age, body mass index (BMI), tumor node Metastasis (TNM), pathological type, tumor size and lymph node metastasis were collected. The follow-up lasted for 5 years.
The deceased group had higher rate of patients with TNM III~IV, lymph node metastasis or tumor diameter >2. Deceased group had much higher rate of patients with negative ER and positive Ki67. Besides, increased TBK1 was found in BC patients with positive correlation with AR, CA15-3, CA125, CEA, and CA19-9. Serum TBK1 was associated with the clinic outcomes of BC patients and those with high TBK1 had lower 5-year survival rate. Moreover, cutoff value of 13.95 ng/mL TBK1 showed AUC of 0.981 (93.6% for sensitivity and 86.3% for specificity) for diagnosing BC, and cutoff value of 22.65 ng/mL TBK1 had AUC of 0.996 (97.7% for sensitivity and 96.3% for specificity) for diagnosing the death of BC patients. Serum TBK1 was positively correlated with AR and other serum cancer-related biomarkers. In addition, high TBK1 predicted the poor prognosis and might be used for the diagnosis of BC.
Best cutoff score of cervical-pedicle thickness as a morphological parameter for predicting cervical central stenosis
Authors: Choi Jungho , Park Hyung-Bok , Lim Taeha , Yi Shin Wook , Lee Sooho , Park Sukhee , Park SoYoon , Yi Jungmin , Kim Young Uk 
Published: August 2022

There are various factors for the cause of cervical central stenosis (CCS), such as osteophyte, cervical-disc degeneration, and cervical ligamentum flavum hypertrophy. However, the pedicle of the cervical vertebra has not yet been analyzed for its relationship with CCS. We created a new morphologic parameter called the cervical-pedicle thickness (CPT) to assess the association between CCS and the cervical pedicle.
We obtained morphological cases involving the CPT from 82 patients with CCS. There were also 84 in the normal group who underwent cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MR) as part of routine health screening. We obtained the T2-weighted CS-MR axial images from group members, and assessed the CPT at the level of the C6 vertebra on CS-MR.
The mean CPT was 3.46 ± 0.57 mm in the normal group, 4.97 ± 0.75 mm in the CCS group, which thus had a significantly higher CPT (P < .01) than did the normal group. For the prognostic value of the CPT as a predictor of CCS, ROC analysis indicated that the best cutoff score for the CPT was 4.18 mm, with 93.9% sensitivity, 92.9% specificity, and AUC 0.97.
Greater CPT was highly associated with a possibility of CCS. This conclusion will be helpful for assessing the CCS patients.
A randomized controlled trial to compare Helicobacter pylori eradication rates between the empirical concomitant therapy and tailored therapy based on 23S rRNA point mutations
Authors: Kim Su Jin , Jee Sam Ryong , Park Moo In , Jung Kyoungwon , Kim Gwang Ha , Lee Moon Won , Lee Jin , Jang Jin Seok , Koh Myeongseok 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Increasing clarithromycin resistance has led to changes in several guidelines for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections. We compared the H. pylori eradication rates of the empirical concomitant therapy (CoT) and a tailored therapy (TaT) using dual-priming oligonucleotide-based polymerase chain reaction to detect mutations in the 23S rRNA gene that are related to clarithromycin resistance.

Methods:
Between June 2020 and May 2021, 290 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to 2 groups. In the CoT group, the patients received rabeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, clarithromycin 500 mg, and metronidazole 500 mg twice daily for 14 days. In the TaT group, point mutation-negative patients received rabeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, and clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily for 14 days and point mutation-positive patients received rabeprazole 20 mg twice daily, metronidazole 500 mg thrice daily, and bismuth 120 mg and tetracycline 500 mg 4 times daily for 14 days.

Results:
A total of 290 and 261 patients were included in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses, respectively. A2142G and/or A2143G point mutations were identified in 28.6% of the patients. No significant difference in eradication rates were observed between the 2 groups as per ITT (CoT, 82.8% and TaT, 85.5%, P = .520) and PP (CoT, 88.6% and TaT, 94.6%, P = .084) analyses. In point mutation-positive patients, the eradication rates in the CoT group were lower than those in the TaT group as per ITT (69.8% and 87.5%, respectively, P = .050) and PP (76.9% and 97.1%, respectively, P = .011) analyses.

Conclusion:
CoT and TaT showed similar overall eradication rates for H. pylori. However, CoT eradication rate was suboptimal, especially in point mutation-positive patients.
Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab monotherapy in EGFR-mutant squamous cell lung cancer with PD-L1 over-expression: A case report
Authors: Liu Qiu-Xia , Wei Jian-Guo , Chen Yi-Yi , Wang Jian-Fang 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are less likely to be programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive compared with wild-type EGFR mutant tumors. Given the rarity of actionable driver genes in squamous cell lung cancer (SQCC), the frequency of SQCC patients simultaneously carrying EGFR driver gene mutation and having PD-L1 over-expression is extremely low. Studies on the effectiveness and safety of EGFR-TKIs or immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in this subset of patients are lacking.

Patient concerns:
The patient suffered from coughing and chest pain for 1 month. A chest CT revealed a mass with a cavity in the right lung, enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes, diffuse pleural thickening in the right pleura, and pleural effusion of the right chest.

Diagnosis:
A pleural biopsy was performed using a video-assisted thoracoscope. The pathological examination revealed a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of lung. Further genetic testing identified exon 19 deletion mutation in EGFR with abundance of 0.27%. Meanwhile, immunohistochemical PD-L1 analysis showed a TPS of 90%.

Interventions:
The patient was initially resistant to EGFR-TKIs but exhibited a rapid and marked response to pembrolizumab.

Outcomes:
After 5 cycles of pembrolizumab monotherapy, the patient developed Grade 3 immune-related dermatitis, and ICI therapy was suspended.

Conclusions:
ICI monotherapy could be an effective therapy in SQCC patients with low-abundance of EGFR mutations and PD-L1 over-expression. However, close attention should be paid to immune-related adverse events.
Nurses' Perceptions of the Management of Acute Pain in Emergency Departments
Authors: Hämäläinen Jenni , Kvist Tarja , Koota Elina , Kankkunen Päivi 
Published: August 2022

Aim
This study aimed to describe registered nurses' perceptions of acute pain management in emergency departments.

Design
The study design was a cross-sectional survey carried out in accordance with Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. One hundred one nurses from 5 different emergency departments participated in the survey.

Methods
Data were analyzed using descriptive methods, nonparametric tests, and principal component analysis.

Results
Continuing education was significantly related to pain management. Nurses who had received continuing pain management education thought more often that challenges in pain management impact patients' acute pain management than those who had not received education. Nurses reported that patients received inadequate pain medication. The most used nonpharmacological methods were ice therapy and postural care. The nurses reported that music and conversation with the patient ameliorated the patients' acute pain. Nurses stated that their lack of knowledge concerning pain management and workload affected their acute pain management.

Conclusion
Study results emphasize the need to develop ongoing pain management education for registered nurses and in addition to further research of nonpharmacological alleviation method in emergency departments.
Use of MRI in Patients With Breast Tissue Expanders
Authors: Nahabedian Maurice Y. , Hammer Jason 
Published: August 2022

Background:
There are no guidelines on the safety of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with breast tissue expanders with metallic/magnetic components. This narrative review was conducted to better understand what is currently known and to identify gaps in knowledge.

Methods:
A literature search was performed using PubMed and Embase and the following terms: breast AND (imaging OR MRI OR resonance) AND expander with no date limitations. We identified 153 citations in PubMed and 154 citations in Embase.

Results:
Nineteen publications were relevant for analysis: 2 retrospective studies, 10 case reports, 6 nonclinical studies, and 1 physician survey. All studies acknowledged the risks of using MRI in patients with tissue expanders. Complications reported included breast/chest pain, discomfort, or burning sensation (46.2 percent); expander or infusion port displacement (38.5 percent); and MR signal loss (23.1 percent). Increases in expander/tissue temperature and torque occurred with MRI, causing pain or expander displacement. In some cases, no complications were reported. The retrospective studies and nonclinical analyses suggested that MRI may not create serious problems if special precautions are taken. The case reports varied in their recommendations, with some recommending avoiding MRI and others recommending exercising caution. The survey indicated that surgeons are uncertain about performing MRI in patients with tissue expanders.

Conclusions:
The evidence on whether to perform MRI in patients with tissue expanders with magnetic ports varies but underscores proceeding with caution. The risk-benefit profile for each patient must be weighed in each situation.
“Lower Nose Arterial Plexus and Implications for Safe Filler Injections”
Authors: Tansatit Tanvaa , Jitaree Benrita , Uruwan Sukanya , Rungsawang Chalermquan 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The lower nose has abundant blood supply; however, nasal tip necrosis still occurs following filler injections. This study revealed the complicated pattern of the arterial supply of the lower nose.

Methods:
The arterial pattern of the lower nose was studied in 40 cadavers using conventional dissections and translucent modified Sihler’s staining.

Results:
Two arterial rings were connected in a figure of eight. The upper ring: nasal arterial circle (NAC) consisted of the lateral nasal and the subalar arteries encircling the nasal tip and alae. The lower ring: arterial plexus of the upper lip (ULP) was more important because of the contribution of the facial and superior labial arteries. This specific feature had not been mentioned elsewhere.

Conclusion:
Understanding this specific feature of the blood supply of the lower nose would be essential for aesthetic physicians to be aware and perform the appropriate techniques during the filler injection procedures in the nasal and perioral regions.
“Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma in Brazil: What Are We Missing?”
Authors: Groth Anne K , Clemens Mark W , Graf Ruth , Sebastião Ana P , Azambuja Ana P , Louveira Maria H , Urban Linei A B D , Batista Bernardo N 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphomas (BIA-ALCL) have been diagnosed in more than 1,000 patients over thirty countries, though only a few cases have been reported in Latin America and the Caribbean to date. As the second-largest global market for breast implants with a predominance of textured-surface implants, Brazil is a major global market for cosmetic augmentations, making it unlikely that cases of BIA-ALCL are actually scarce.

Methods:
A local and voluntary registry of BIA-ALCL patients was initiated in 2018. All diagnosed BIA-ALCL patients were confirmed by the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Implant characteristics, disease symptoms, treatment, and oncologic outcomes were assessed.

Results:
Fourteen cases of BIA-ALCL in a Brazilian population were identified in the Paraná state. Disease-specific diagnostic tests were omitted prior to surgical intervention in 50% of patients. With additional cases from a literature review, the treatment and outcomes of 29 cases of BIA-ALCL in Brazil were assessed.

Conclusions:
Compared to other populations, our initial observations suggest that awareness of the disease by the local breast surgery community remains low and that a number of cases may still be undiagnosed. Lack of preoperative diagnostic testing compromises disease treatment, oncological outcomes, and both short- and long-term surveillance.
‘Comparison of Cromolyn Sodium, Montelukast, and Zafirlukast Prophylaxis for Capsular Contracture’
Authors: MENKÜ ÖZDEMİR Fethiye Damla , ÜSTÜN Galip Gencay , KÖSEMEHMETOĞLU Kemal , İSPİRLİ Mukaddes , BOYNUYOĞUN Etkin , UZUN Hakan 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Capsular contracture is the most common complication following breast augmentation. Recently, prophylaxis studies aiming to inhibit the release of profibrotic substances to prevent capsular contracture have gained in importance. This study investigated the effects of cromolyn sodium, montelukast, and zafirlukast on capsular contracture in a rat model.

Methods:
Thirty female Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, sham, cromolyn sodium, montelukast, and zafirlukast. Intraperitoneal injections were administered daily to the sham (1 ml per day), cromolyn sodium (10 mg/kg per day), montelukast (10 mg/kg per day), and zafirlukast (1.25 mg/kg per day) groups one month before surgery. Mini-breast implants were then placed on the backs of the rats in each group. Injections were continued for the next 3 months. The rats were subsequently euthanized, and the capsules were harvested and assessed histopathologically. The histopathological outcomes were acute inflammation status, inflammation severity, synovial metaplasia, foreign body reaction, mast cell count, and capsular thickness.

Results:
The cromolyn sodium, montelukast, and zafirlukast groups had less acute inflammation as well as lower mean inflammation severity scores, foreign body reaction occurrence, mast cell counts, and capsular thickness than the C and S groups (p < 0.05). These parameters were better in the cromolyn sodium group than in the montelukast and zafirlukast groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Cromolyn sodium appears to inhibit capsular contracture more efficiently than montelukast and zafirlukast. This report may be a pioneer study for the prophylactic use of cromolyn sodium in capsular contracture.