bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interactive dimensions of encounters in HIV care: From trauma to relational traumatic growth
Authors: Catalan Jose , Ridge Damien , Hedge Barbara , Cheshire Anna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionA person‐centred model of care, developed in the early days of the HIV epidemic when there were no effective treatments for HIV, led to relatively close relationships between carers and people living with HIV (PLWH). Our study examines the experiences of carers using a relational framework, exploring the traumas and challenges involved, coping practices instigated by carers and the emergence of ‘relational traumatic growth’ opportunities.MethodsTwenty‐two UK healthcare workers and charity volunteers working with PLWH from the early years of the epidemic were recruited. Semistructured interviews were used to elicit participants' own stories of working with PLWH, from their initial involvement to the present time, and their reflections on the personal impact of working in the field of HIV. Data were analysed using a thematic approach employing relational categories.ResultsThe impact of care was related to the formation of close relationships, identification with PLWH, high numbers of deaths and the difficulties and challenges encountered relationally. Participants described attempts to cope through informal and formal support, as well as endeavours to manage professional boundaries. Various ways of making sense of experiences were described, ranging from denial to abandoning the HIV field, to intense commitment. For some, traumatic experiences lead to validation, a search for personal meaning and managing the sense of loss with an exploration of further ventures, contributing to the achievement of relational traumatic growth.ConclusionThe intensity of relationships in HIV work, developed through the emotional and practical work of caring for PLWH, led healthcare workers and volunteers to experience a range of psychological consequences, both negative (including distress and emotional exhaustion) and also positive (such as acquiring a sense of purpose).Patient or Public ContributionPeople living with HIV and those working with them were involved in the initial study conceptualization and design. The second and fourth authors of this paper were professionals working in HIV throughout the pandemic and have led on all aspects of the study. People living with HIV and those working with them additionally guided participant selection by suggesting participants and supporting recruitment. Narrative transcripts were checked and amended (if necessary) by participants. Initial findings were presented at the AIDS impact conference, where PLWH and those working with them attended and feedback on important ideas that helped to prioritize and shape the study findings.
The dark side of strengthened minority voting power: An innovation perspective
Authors: Lin Jing , An Yunbi , Dong Zhiyong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBased on the 2014 regulatory reforms aimed at strengthening the protection of legitimate rights and interests of minority investors in China, we investigate minority shareholders’ short‐termism and how minority voting impacts firm innovation. We find that the 2014 reforms effectively motivate minority shareholders to attend shareholder meetings and greatly enhance their voting influence. We also find that enhanced minority voting power after the reforms lowers the number of firms’ patent applications, and this effect is more pronounced for the firms that see the greatest increase in shareholder attendance at shareholder meetings. Moreover, enhanced minority voting power boosts executive turnover‐performance sensitivity, thereby undermining firm innovation. Finally, we show that different types of minority shareholders have distinct impacts on firm innovation, depending on their investment horizons. The negative effect of minority voting power is more pronounced for state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) than for non‐SOEs.
Effect of the distillation methods on the chemical properties of the Turmeric essential oil
Authors: Tiwari Ravindra Kumar , Mittal Tarsem Chand , Sharma Sajeev Rattan , Rani Sunita 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEssential oils are highly concentrated plant extracts produced from flowers, leaves, stems, roots, seeds, barks, resins, or fruits. These oils are commonly used in a wide range of items, including meals, medications, and cosmetics, for their flavor and medicinal or odoriferous characteristics. The aim of this study is to extract and describe the essential oils found in turmeric cubes. As the extraction was completed, the chemical properties of the obtained essential oil were determined. The chemical properties like the specific gravity, refractive index, ester value, acid value saponification values, and color values are 0.0891–0.932, 1.527–1.553, 35.21–38.138 mg KOH/g, 3.594–5.560 mg KOH/g, 32.597 mg KOH/g, and color values are L (32.70–38.90), a (−1 to −5.60), and b (10.6–19.40), respectively.Novelty impact statementThe essential oil obtained from hydrodistillation contains less impurity as compared to the steam distillation. The hydro‐distilled essential oil has a high chemical quality in terms of commercial value and usages as compared to the steam distillation. But the hydrodistillation system, having the high extraction efficiency and capacity, consumes less energy as compared to the hydrodistillation system.
Novel endoscopic ultrasonography classification for assured vertical resection margin (≥500 μm) in colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Kamigaichi Yuki , Oka Shiro , Tanino Fumiaki , Yamamoto Noriko , Tamari Hirosato , Shimohara Yasutsugu , Nishimura Tomoyuki , Inagaki Katsuaki , Okamoto Yuki , Tanaka Hidenori , Yamashita Ken , Arihiro Koji , Tanaka Shinji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimThe risk of local recurrence might be low in pT1 colorectal carcinoma with a tumor vertical margin (VM) ≥500 μm. We investigated the relationship between endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) findings and VM in cases with colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) categorized as Type 2B according to the Japan NBI Expert Team (JNET) classification.MethodsWe analyzed 179 JNET Type 2B colorectal tumors resected by ESD at Hiroshima University Hospital from January 2010 to May 2021. The distance from the tumor invasive front to the muscle layer on EUS was defined as the tumor‐free distance (EUS‐TFD) and classified as Type I (EUS‐TFD ≥1 mm) and II (<1 mm). We investigated the relationship between EUS‐TFD and VM and analyzed the predictive factors for VM ≥500 μm.ResultsEUS‐TFD Type I was diagnosed in 133 (74.3%) lesions: VM ≥500 μm (114, 85.7%); VM <500 μm (19, 14.3%); and VM positive (VM1) (0, 0%). Type II was diagnosed in 46 (25.7%) lesions: VM ≥500 μm (14, 30.5%); VM <500 μm (22, 47.8%); and VM1 (10, 21.7%). In the EUS‐TFD Type I cases, 84.5% and 87.8% were protruded and superficial types; whereas for Type II cases, these were 38.9% and 25%, respectively. EUS‐TFD classification (Type I), scope operability (good), submucosal invasion depth (<2000 μm), histology at the deepest invasive portion (favorable), and degree of fibrosis (F0/F1) were significant predictors of VM ≥500 μm.ConclusionsIn JNET Type 2B lesions, EUS‐TFD classification is a novel diagnostic indicator to predict VM ≥500 μm in ESD preoperatively.
Fecal microbiota transplantation for patients with active ulcerative colitis: A cost‐effectiveness analysis
Authors: Yao Jiaqi , Fekadu Ginenus , Ng Siew C , You Joyce H S 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimGrowing studies have demonstrated clinical benefits of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) therapy (administered by colonoscopy, enema, or both) for active ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of standard treatment with and without FMT therapy for mild‐to‐moderate active UC from the perspective of US healthcare provider.MethodsA 10‐year Markov model was developed to evaluate the costs and quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs) of standard treatment plus FMT therapy versus standard treatment alone. Model inputs were retrieved from publish data in literature. Base‐case and sensitivity analyses were performed.ResultsIn the base‐case analysis, standard treatment plus FMT therapy was more effective than standard treatment alone (by 0.068 QALYs). Comparing to standard treatment alone, standard treatment plus FMT therapy varied from cost‐saving to incremental cost, subject to the number of FMT administrations. One‐way sensitivity analysis identified the relative risk of achieving remission with FMT therapy to be the most influential factor on the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of standard treatment plus FMT therapy. Monte‐Carlo simulations showed that standard treatment plus FMT therapy with 3 and 6 administrations per FMT course was cost‐effective (at willingness‐to‐pay threshold = 50 000 USD/QALY) in 90.77% and 67.03% of time, respectively.ConclusionsStandard treatment plus FMT therapy appears to be more effective in gaining higher QALYs than standard therapy alone for patients with mild‐to‐moderate active UC. Cost‐effectiveness of standard treatment plus FMT therapy is highly subject to the relative improvement in achieving remission with standard therapy plus FMT therapy and number of FMT administrations per FMT course.
A cannabinoid Hairy‐Tale: Hair loss or hair gain?
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Talukder Mesbah 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have reported on the use of cannabinoid products to treat hair loss.AimThis article aims to reconcile cannabinoids' impact on hair growth.MethodA comprehensive and structured search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar on June 23, 2022.ResultWhile cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid, may cause hair growth, several other phytocannabinoids may lead to hair loss. Additionally, the effect of CBD on hair growth may be concentration‐dependent. CBD may cause hair loss at high concentrations (≥10 μM). Therefore, the concentration of CBD needs to be adjusted so that it is optimal for hair growth.One trial found that once‐daily application of CBD‐rich topical cannabis extract for 6 months increased nonvellus hair count by approximately 93.5% in 35 Caucasian AGA patients: 28 males aged 28–72 years [average 43 years] and 7 females aged 46–76 years [average 61 years]. Each application contained 3–4 mg of CBD. The CBD‐rich topical cannabis extract was prepared by ultra‐pulverizing Cannabis sativa [hemp] flower into a green chalk‐like powder [10.78% CBD and 0.21% tetrahydrocannabinol] and then infusing the powder into a lanolin paste and Emu oil carrier.ConclusionTopical CBD preparations require further studies to establish their safety and efficacy profile. An ideal topical cannabinoid preparation should contain CBD at the right concentration and lack other phytocannabinoid adulterants.
Optimizing parameters of the Pulsed Dye Laser (PDL, 585‐nm) for hemangioma treatment using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Allahdadi Ehsan , Shirkavand Afshan , Mohajerani Ezeddin , Mansouri Parvin , Almasi Ali , Sherafat Somayeh Jahani 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe lack of objectivity options for a specific individualized therapy might cause challenges in laser treatment. In other words, we need optimally determined laser parameters for less side effects. Generally, laser treatment procedures seem to be subjective. Then, the final evaluation of the patient needs for optimized better response with less laser sections and less side effects. Therefore, employing a reliable objective technique seems to be essential for better response with less laser treatment sessions and also less side effects.MethodIn this research, UV–visible diffused reflection spectra from normal skin and a lesion were taken. We obtained the differences in absorption intensity at 575 nm, the wavelength corresponds to the absorption peak of blood oxyhemoglobin for normal skin and hemangioma. To calibrate the measurements, after using pulsed dye laser (PDL at 585 nm), the PDL treatment response of the patients were graded as “good (>50%), moderate(25%–50%), and poor (0%–25%),” by a specialist. Finally, patients were categorized based on the energy of the laser for the best treatment response to propose the recommended laser parameters.ResultsBased on the differences in the absorption peak hemangioma compare with normal skin, the energy density of PDL for a good treatment response of hemangioma was obtained at peak wavelength 575 nm.ConclusionThe analysis of optical reflection spectroscopy can assess the correlation of absorption peak differences of vascular lesions and normal skin. According to this data, it seems to be effective in optimizing lasers parameters for the hemangioma treatment.
Reconstruction after ablative treatment of arteriovenous malformations of the head and neck
Authors: Chung Ho Yun , O Teresa M. , Tombris Stavros , Meyer Lutz , Waner Milton 
Published: October 2022

AbstractArteriovenous malformations are high‐flow congenital vascular malformations that are characterized by abnormal connections between arteries and veins across an abnormal capillary bed. The head and neck region is the most common location for extracranial arteriovenous malformations. Due to their highly invasive, aggressive, and locally destructive nature, arteriovenous malformations are difficult to treat, and management through a multimodal, multidisciplinary approach is recommended. The mainstay of treatment is embolization and surgical excision. With the advent of genetic research, adjuvant targeted medical therapy is starting to play a larger role. Successful surgical treatment with or without embolization requires removal of the nidus. Large, focal, or diffuse lesions involving multiple anatomic areas usually necessitates surgical reconstruction. Free tissue transfer has many advantages over more conservative methods with restoration of function and contour. Herein, the authors describe the surgical treatment and reconstruction in head and neck arteriovenous malformations.
Target formation in muscle fibres indicates reinnervation – A proteomic study in muscle samples from peripheral neuropathies
Authors: Krause Karsten , Eggers Britta , Uszkoreit Julian , Eulitz Stefan , Rehmann Robert , Güttsches Anne K. , Schreiner Anja , van der Ven Peter F. M. , Fürst Dieter O. , Marcus Katrin , Vorgerd Matthias , Kley Rudolf A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsTarget skeletal muscle fibres – defined by different concentric areas in oxidative enzyme staining – can occur in patients with neurogenic muscular atrophy. Here, we used our established hypothesis‐free proteomic approach with the aim of deciphering the protein composition of targets. We also searched for potential novel interactions between target proteins.MethodsTargets and control areas were laser microdissected from skeletal muscle sections of 20 patients with neurogenic muscular atrophy. Samples were analysed by a highly sensitive mass spectrometry approach, enabling relative protein quantification. The results were validated by immunofluorescence studies. Protein interactions were investigated by yeast two‐hybrid assays, coimmunoprecipitation experiments and bimolecular fluorescence complementation.ResultsMore than 1000 proteins were identified. Among these, 55 proteins were significantly over‐represented and 40 proteins were significantly under‐represented in targets compared to intraindividual control samples. The majority of over‐represented proteins were associated with the myofibrillar Z‐disc and actin dynamics, followed by myosin and myosin‐associated proteins, proteins involved in protein biosynthesis and chaperones. Under‐represented proteins were mainly mitochondrial proteins. Functional studies revealed that the LIM domain of the over‐represented protein LIMCH1 interacts with isoform A of Xin actin‐binding repeat‐containing protein 1 (XinA).ConclusionsIn particular, proteins involved in myofibrillogenesis are over‐represented in target structures, which indicate an ongoing process of sarcomere assembly and/or remodelling within this specific area of the muscle fibres. We speculate that target structures are the result of reinnervation processes in which filamin C‐associated myofibrillogenesis is tightly regulated by the BAG3‐associated protein quality system.
Reliable Diagnostic Tests and Thresholds for Preoperative Diagnosis of Non‐Inflammatory Arthritis Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Meta‐analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Tang Haozheng , Xu Jialian , Yuan Wei'en , Wang You , Yue Bing , Qu Xinhua 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThe current diagnostic criteria for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) are diverse and controversial, leading to delayed diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate and unify their diagnostic accuracy and the threshold selection of serum and synovial routine tests for PJI at an early stage.MethodsWe searched the MEDLINE and Embase databases for retrospective or prospective studies which reported preoperative‐available assays (serum, synovial, or culture tests) for the diagnosis of chronic PJI among inflammatory arthritis (IA) or non‐IA populations from January 1, 2000 to June 30, 2022. Threshold effective analysis was performed on synovial polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN%), synovial white blood cell (WBC), serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) to find the relevant cut‐offs.ResultsTwo hundred and sixteen studies and information from 45,316 individuals were included in the final analysis. Synovial laboratory‐based α‐defensin and calprotectin had the best comprehensive sensitivity (0.91 [0.86–0.94], 0.95 [0.88–0.98]) and specificity (0.96 [0.94‐0.97], 0.95 [0.89–0.98]) values. According to the threshold effect analysis, the recommended cut‐offs are 70% (sensitivity 0.89 [0.85–0.92], specificity 0.90 [0.87–0.93]), 4100/μL (sensitivity 0.90 [0.87–0.93], specificity 0.97 [0.93–0.98]), 13.5 mg/L (sensitivity 0.84 [0.78–0.89], specificity 0.83 [0.73–0.89]), and 30 mm/h (sensitivity 0.79 [0.74–0.83], specificity 0.78 [0.72–0.83]) for synovial PMN%, synovial WBC, serum CRP, and ESR, respectively, and tests seem to be more reliable among non‐IA patients.ConclusionsThe laboratory‐based synovial α‐defensin and synovial calprotectin are the two best independent preoperative diagnostic tests for PJI. A cut off of 70% for synovial PMN% and tighter cut‐offs for synovial WBC and serum CRP could have a better diagnostic accuracy for non‐IA patients with chronic PJI.
Environmental interference of plant−microbe interactions
Authors: Bastías Daniel A. , Balestrini Raffaella , Pollmann Stephan , Gundel Pedro E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEnvironmental stresses can compromise the interactions of plants with beneficial microbes. In the present review, experimental results showing that stresses negatively affect the abundance and/or functionality of plant beneficial microbes are summarized. It is proposed that the environmental interference of these plant−microbe interactions is explained by the stress‐mediated induction of plant signalling pathways associated with defence hormones and reactive oxygen species. These plant responses are recognized to regulate beneficial microbes within plants. The direct negative effect of stresses on microbes may also contribute to the environmental regulation of these plant mutualisms. It is also posited that, in stress situations, beneficial microbes harbour mechanisms that contribute to maintain the mutualistic associations. Beneficial microbes produce effector proteins and increase the antioxidant levels in plants that counteract the detrimental effects of plant stress responses on them. In addition, they deliver specific stress‐protective mechanisms that assist to their plant hosts to mitigate the negative effects of stresses. Our study contributes to understanding how environmental stresses affect plant−microbe interactions and highlights why beneficial microbes can still deliver benefits to plants in stressful environments.
Monkeypox disease in a breastfeeding infant
Authors: Alonso‐Cadenas Jose Antonio , Andina‐Martínez David , García‐García Caridad Jun , Gaitero‐Tristán Jara , García‐Ascaso Marta Taida , Torrelo Antonio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA previously healthy breastfed 7‐month‐old infant presented with several papulovesicular lesions, a hyperemic pharynx and a petechial enanthema. His mother had confirmed monkeypox infection with similar skin lesions on the chest wall. Skin‐to‐skin contact is the most likely mode of transmission of monkeypox. Precautions to limit skin contact during activities such as breastfeeding are recommended if suspected skin lesions are present.
Does System Justification Promote Establishment Voting? Mainstream Politics in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom
Authors: Langer Melanie , Vasilopoulos Pavlos , Jost John T. 
Published: October 2022

Throughout Europe and North America, mainstream political parties have ceded electoral support to antiestablishment parties from the far left and far right. We investigate the hypothesis that individual differences in system justification—the psychological tendency to defend and justify the overarching social system—would be negatively associated with antiestablishment voting, even among citizens who would otherwise be inclined to support radicalism. In three large, nationally representative surveys conducted in France (N = 14,432), Germany (N = 1,168), and the United Kingdom (N = 2,337), we observed that system justification was positively associated with voting for establishment parties and negatively associated with antiestablishment voting. System justification was associated with reduced support for antiestablishment parties on the right and left—even among respondents who were high on ethnic intolerance, opposition to the European Union, economic distress, and support for income redistribution. Thus, all other things being equal, system‐justification tendencies reinforce political moderation, establishment voting, and therefore social stability.
Explaining variations in enforcement strategy: A comparison of the Swedish health care, eldercare, and compulsory school sector
Authors: Moberg Linda , Fredriksson Mio , Leijon Karin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article analyzes whether, and if so, why, national inspectorates adopt different enforcement strategies when controlling the provision of welfare services, such as health care, eldercare, and the compulsory school. The findings show that the Swedish Schools Inspectorate uses a predominantly strict strategy, while the Health and Social Care Inspectorate relies on a more situational strategy. To explain this variation in enforcement strategy, the article tests four hypotheses derived from the literature on regulatory enforcement. The findings suggest that the variation between the agencies is not primarily the result of differences in resources or the authority to issue punitive decisions, as suggested by previous research. Instead, we find support for the hypothesis that the definition of quality can explain variation in adopted strategies, and partial support for the hypothesis that differences in regulatory mission can account for a variation in the agencies' formal enforcement strategies.