bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of factors affecting environmental audit (EA) implementation with DEMATEL method
Authors: Shamsadini Kazem , Askari Shahamabad Mahdi , Askari Shahamabad Fateme 
Published: May 2022

PurposeIncreasing environmental pollution and destruction have damaged sustainability in polluting societies and organizations. For this reason, various environmental management programs have recently been developed by governments and the environmental protection agencies (EPAs) to control and reduce environmental pollution. One of these programs is environmental audit (EA), which has not been fully implemented yet in developing countries and it has many disadvantages. It seems that one of the reasons for the lack of perfect implementation of EA in these countries is the lack of adequate review of the factors affecting its implementation. The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors affecting EA implementation and then analysis of causal relationships between them.Design/methodology/approachDecision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) technique was used to identify causal relationships of factors affecting EA implementation. Based on the literature review and interviewing nine experts in EA, 17 factors were identified to influence EA implementation. Six experts were selected for the evaluation using snowball sampling method. Using the DEMATEL approach, a cause and effect relationship diagram was generated through which the effect of factors was analyzed.FindingsSeventeen factors were categorized in terms of cause and effect, and the interrelationships of factors were also analyzed. “Reducing environmental impacts and improving environmental performance,” “obtaining environmental management system certificates” and “contributing to the environmental goals of investment projects” are the most prominent factors on the basis of their prominent score.Research limitations/implicationsAnalysis in the research is highly dependent on expert judgments and opinions may be biased. However, the initial matrix obtained from the experts is hindered by the ambiguity about some relationships. But this can be improved by using fuzzy and gray set theories. The factors used for the analysis may not be comprehensive and other researchers may find other factors.Practical implicationsIdentifying the factors affecting EA implementation and analyzing causal relationships between them can be a guide and help governments to improve the implementation of EA or even develop this policy by being aware of the effect of the factors analyzed.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, no comprehensive study of factors affecting EA implementation has been undertaken; this study is the first to identify these factors and analyze them using DEMATEL. Therefore, it is suggested that governments and EPAs in the policies focus on the significant factors.
Developing the concept of leaveism: From presenteeism/absence to an emergent and expanding domain of employment?
Authors: Richards James , Ellis Vaughan , Canduela Jesus , Pustelnikovaite Toma , Saxena Siddhartha 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe changing nature of employment has led to increased awareness of leaveism, a practice involving employees using allocated time off when unwell, taking work home, and picking up work when on annual leave. However, there are theoretical, methodological, and policy/practice‐related weaknesses, apparent in current understandings. The main article aim is to develop, theoretically, the emergent notion of leaveism, drawing on concepts related to work intensification (WI) and ideal worker norms (IWNs), concepts underpinned by reference to information communication technologies (ICTs), then exploring such ideas via an electronic questionnaire (n = 959), aimed at UK‐based employees performing leaveism. The main argument is leaveism is more than a lacuna between presenteeism and sickness absence; it is an unsustainable employer‐driven social phenomenon sitting at the intersection of WI, IWNs and ICTs. The findings have policy/practice implications for human resource management (HRM) professionals, trade unions and governments. Recommendations for future research including exploring leaveism in an international context, and in a Covid‐19 pandemic‐defined era.
Right ventricular dysfunction in patients with COVID‐19 pneumonitis whose lungs are mechanically ventilated: a multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: McCall P. J. , Willder J. M. , Stanley B. L. , Messow C‐M. , Allan J. , Gemmell L. , Puxty A. , Strachan D. , Berry C. , Shelley B.G. ,   COVID‐RV co‐investigators
Published: May 2022

SummaryCardiovascular complications due to COVID‐19, such as right ventricular dysfunction, are common. The combination of acute respiratory distress syndrome, invasive mechanical ventilation, thromboembolic disease and direct myocardial injury creates conditions where right ventricular dysfunction is likely to occur. We undertook a prospective, multicentre cohort study in 10 Scottish intensive care units of patients with COVID‐19 pneumonitis whose lungs were mechanically ventilated. Right ventricular dysfunction was defined as the presence of severe right ventricular dilation and interventricular septal flattening. To explore the role of myocardial injury, high‐sensitivity troponin and N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide plasma levels were measured in all patients. We recruited 121 patients and 118 (98%) underwent imaging. It was possible to determine the primary outcome in 112 (91%). Severe right ventricular dilation was present in 31 (28%), with interventricular septal flattening present in nine (8%). Right ventricular dysfunction (the combination of these two parameters) was present in seven (6%, 95%CI 3–13%). Thirty‐day mortality was 86% in those with right ventricular dysfunction as compared with 45% in those without (p = 0.051). Patients with right ventricular dysfunction were more likely to have: pulmonary thromboembolism (p < 0.001); higher plateau airway pressure (p = 0.048); lower dynamic compliance (p = 0.031); higher plasma N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide levels (p = 0.006); and raised plasma troponin levels (p = 0.048). Our results demonstrate a prevalence of right ventricular dysfunction of 6%, which was associated with increased mortality (86%). Associations were also observed between right ventricular dysfunction and aetiological domains of: acute respiratory distress syndrome; ventilation; thromboembolic disease; and direct myocardial injury, implying a complex multifactorial pathophysiology.
The Ash Split Cath(TM): The best inventions are simple
Authors: Ash Stephen R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDual‐lumen “acute” central venous catheters (CVC) for dialysis were developed in the 1970s and tunneled “chronic” CVC in the 1980s. Fibrous sheathing of these catheters diminished the patency after weeks to months of use. Double catheters like Canaud/Tesio worked better and longer than single body catheters but were tedious to place. I decided that the optimal CVC design would be a single body that split into two tips within the vena cava. The “Ash Split Cath(TM)” was developed in cooperation with a company focused on dialysis access catheters, and quickly became widely used around the world. However, the patent did not prevent other companies from marketing split‐tip catheters. A disagreement on the terms of a royalty agreement further weakened the relationship between the marketing company and our R&D company.
Subgroup analysis based on cytogenetic risk in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma in the CANDOR study
Authors: Landgren Ola , Weisel Katja , Rosinol Laura , Touzeau Cyrille , Turgut Mehmet , Hajek Roman , Mollee Peter , Kim Jin Seok , Shu Natalie , Hu Xuguang , Li Chuang , Usmani Saad Z. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCANDOR compared the safety/efficacy of carfilzomib with dexamethasone and daratumumab (KdD) to carfilzomib with dexamethasone (Kd) in adults with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). This CANDOR subgroup analysis evaluated outcomes based on cytogenetic risk. Overall response rates (KdD vs. Kd) were 81% versus 56% in high‐risk and 87% versus 79% in standard‐risk groups. Median progression‐free survival was 11.2 versus 7.4 months in high‐risk (hazard ratio, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.34, 0.93]) and not reached versus 16.6 months in standard‐risk groups (0.56 [95% CI, 0.39, 0.80]). These data support the efficacy of KdD in RRMM treatment, including in patients with high‐risk cytogenetics.
On price stability with a job guarantee
Authors: Mejia Jackson , Albrecht Brian C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractModern Money Theory (MMT) has risen to prominence in popular policy debates within macroeconomics. MMT economists argue for creating a job guarantee program, which they argue would generate price stability. Using a benchmark model of time consistency supplemented with a job guarantee, we conclude that once policymakers' incentives are considered, the job guarantee does nothing to help stabilize prices. We compare this program to a competing proposal to maintain price stability and full employment, NGDP targeting.
Mitral valve prolapse in patients with atrial septal defect: A quantitative three‐dimensional echocardiographic analysis
Authors: Ortiz‐Leon Xochitl A. , Fritche‐Salazar Juan F. , Posada‐Martinez Edith L. , Rodriguez‐Zanella Hugo , Venegas‐Roman Alejandra G. , Ruiz Esparza‐Dueñas Maria E. , Sugeng Lissa , Arias‐Godinez Jose A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroduction and objectivesMitral valve (MV) prolapse is highly prevalent in patients with atrial septal defect (ASD). Abnormal left ventricular geometry has been proposed as the main mechanism of MV prolapse in ASD, however, the changes in the morphology of the MV apparatus remain to be clarified. Our aim was to assess the MV geometry in patients with ASD and MV prolapse.MethodsWe evaluated 99 patients (73% female, median age 40 years) with ASD who underwent a three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiogram. Three‐dimensional analysis of the MV was done using dedicated automated software. Transthoracic echocardiographic parameters were assessed post ASD closure in 28 patients.ResultsMV prolapse was found in 39% of patients. Although smaller left ventricular dimensions and greater interatrial shunt were found in patients with MV prolapse compared with those without prolapse, there was no difference in the subvalvular parameters. MV prolapse was associated with larger mitral anterior‐posterior diameter, anterolateral‐posteromedial diameter, anterior perimeter, posterior perimeter, total perimeter, and anterior leaflet area (all p < 0.05). Mitral regurgitation was more frequent in patients with MV prolapse (80 vs. 48%, p = 0.002).ConclusionsIn patients with ASD, the main mechanism of MV prolapse is the presence of an organic primary process of the MV apparatus (excessive anterior mitral leaflet tissue and mitral annular enlargement).
Early social experience, rather than kinship affecting aggression in an egg parasitoid wasp, Anastatus disparis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), that exhibits extreme male–male combat behaviour
Authors: Wang Zi‐Yin , Tao Yu‐Mei , Yin Si‐Yu , Zhang Wen‐Jing , Ding Yu‐Die , Hu Hao‐Yuan , Liu Peng‐Cheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Fighting behaviour is important for acquiring crucial resources and is widely observed in the animal kingdom. Based on the conflict consequence, fighting behaviour is usually classified into non‐extreme and extreme fighting patterns. Numerous factors that influence aggression, such as resource value, resource‐holding potential, kinship, and prior experience, have been extensively studied, resulting in the emergence of many important theories.
To secure mating opportunities, males of the quasi‐gregarious parasitoid, Anastatus disparis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), exhibit extreme fighting behaviour. Inconsistent with the general kin selection theory prediction, there is no evidence that male A. disparis competitors alter their fighting behaviour in response to relatedness with resource presence or interacted with altering resource value.
The results of our current study do not clearly indicate whether unchanged kin‐based aggression is caused by a lack of kin recognition ability or overriding by competition for resources, which A. disparis males rarely exhibit fighting behaviour under condition of resource female absence in the environment.
However, significant decreases in the fighting frequency and intensity in A. disparis were shown in males with early social experience, which was also not influenced by the kinship between the contestants.
Our result suggests that in A. disparis, male aggression was likely mediated by early social experience rather than kinship.
Penetrance of Parkinson disease LRRK2 G2385R‐associated variant in the Chinese population
Authors: Wang Pei , Cui Peijing , Luo Qi , Chen Jie , Tang Huidong , Zhang Lina , Chen Shengdi , Ma Jianfang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and purposePenetrance estimates of the leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) variants for Parkinson disease (PD) vary widely. G2385R is one of the most common LRRK2 variants in Asian populations, and its penetrance is currently unknown. We aimed to estimate the penetrance of G2385R in the Chinese population.MethodsThe G2385R variant was tested by Sanger sequencing in 6386 participants older than 50 years, all from the community cohort established by Shanghai Ruijin Hospital in 2009–2011. G2385R carriers and matched noncarriers underwent a brief questionnaire survey (including sex, current age, PD diagnosis, and age at onset) and face‐to‐face PD assessment during 2020–2021. The penetrance of PD was estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsA total of 396 G2385R carriers and 415 noncarriers were included, after excluding those with a baseline diagnosis of PD or unwilling to participate. In G2385R carriers, the penetrance of PD was 1.64% at 70 years, 10.26% at 80 years, and 18.49% at 90 years, and reached 25.90% at 95 years. The penetrance of PD in G2385R carriers was higher than in noncarriers (p = 0.0071). In noncarriers, only 0%, 3.72%, and 9.66% developed parkinsonism by 70, 80, and 90 years of age. Among carriers and noncarriers, there were no statistically significant differences in penetrance comparisons between males and females, or between urban and rural.ConclusionsThe lifetime penetrance of LRRK2 G2385R in the Chinese population was 25.9%. The penetrance modifier of G2385R in our study was age‐related. Further investigation of genetic and environmental modifiers affecting G2385R penetrance is warranted.
Glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis in stroke patients
Authors: Li Jianle , Chen Yicong , Ou Zilin , Zhang Yusheng , Liang Zhijian , Deng Weisheng , Chen Hao , Huang Weixian , He Yingxin , Xing Shihui , Yu Jian , Zeng Jinsheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeIntracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is a major cause of stroke in Asian countries. Glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, a hereditary enzyme defect prevalent in Asian countries, has been associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and worse poststroke outcomes. However, the impact of G6PD deficiency on ICAS remains unclear. We aimed to compare the risk of ICAS in stroke patients with and without G6PD deficiency in a Chinese cohort.MethodsWe prospectively and consecutively recruited stroke patients from four centers in China. All patients received intracranial artery assessment by magnetic resonance/computed tomography angiography or digital subtraction angiography, as well as G6PD enzyme evaluation. The prevalence, burden, and characteristics of ICAS were compared between patients with and without G6PD deficiency using multivariate regression analysis.ResultsAmong 1593 patients, 116 (63.7%) of 182 patients with G6PD deficiency and 714 (50.6%) of 1411 patients with normal G6PD levels were identified as ICAS. Age, hypertension, diabetes, and G6PD deficiency were independent predictors of ICAS. Among patients with ICAS, G6PD‐deficient individuals were more likely to have multiple (≥2 segments) intracranial stenosis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.25–2.81, p = 0.002). G6PD deficiency increased the risk of ICAS in patients who were male (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.24–2.66, p = 0.002), aged ≥70 years (OR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.33–4.31, p = 0.004), or hypertensive (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.28–2.77, p = 0.001).ConclusionsStroke patients with G6PD deficiency have a higher prevalence and ICAS burden than those with normal G6PD, particularly those who are male, older, and hypertensive.
Evolution and developmental expression of the sodium–iodide symporter (NIS, slc5a5) gene family: Implications for perchlorate toxicology
Authors: Petersen Ann M. , Small Clayton M. , Yan Yi‐Lin , Wilson Catherine , Batzel Peter , Bremiller Ruth A. , Buck C. Loren , von Hippel Frank A. , Cresko William A. , Postlethwait John H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe vertebrate sodium–iodide symporter (NIS or SLC5A5) transports iodide into the thyroid follicular cells that synthesize thyroid hormone. The SLC5A protein family includes transporters of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients. Disruption of SLC5A5 function by perchlorate, a pervasive environmental contaminant, leads to human pathologies, especially hypothyroidism. Perchlorate also disrupts the sexual development of model animals, including threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and zebrafish (Danio rerio), but the mechanism of action is unknown. To test the hypothesis that SLC5A5 paralogs are expressed in tissues necessary for the development of reproductive organs, and therefore are plausible candidates to mediate the effects of perchlorate on sexual development, we first investigated the evolutionary history of Slc5a paralogs to better understand potential functional trajectories of the gene family. We identified two clades of slc5a paralogs with respect to an outgroup of sodium/choline cotransporters (slc5a7); these clades are the NIS clade of sodium/iodide and lactate cotransporters (slc5a5, slc5a6, slc5a8, slc5a8, and slc5a12) and the SGLT clade of sodium/glucose cotransporters (slc5a1, slc5a2, slc5a3, slc5a4, slc5a10, and slc5a11). We also characterized expression patterns of slc5a genes during development. Stickleback embryos and early larvae expressed NIS clade genes in connective tissue, cartilage, teeth, and thyroid. Stickleback males and females expressed slc5a5 and its paralogs in gonads. Single‐cell transcriptomics (scRNA‐seq) on zebrafish sex‐genotyped gonads revealed that NIS clade‐expressing cells included germ cells (slc5a5, slc5a6a, and slc5a6b) and gonadal soma cells (slc5a8l). These results are consistent with the hypothesis that perchlorate exerts its effects on sexual development by interacting with slc5a5 or its paralogs in reproductive tissues. These findings show novel expression domains of slc5 genes in stickleback and zebrafish, which suggest similar functions across vertebrates including humans, and provide candidates to mediate the effects of perchlorate on sexual development.
“I feel erased:” A qualitative analysis of grandparent experiences of parental alienation
Authors: Avieli Hila , Levy Inna 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study employs the life course perspective to explore the lived experience of grandparents who have no contact with their grandchildren due to parental alienation (PA).BackgroundPA represents situations in which a child becomes estranged from one parent because of the manipulation of the other parent. The estrangement from the alienated parent leads to and manifests inter alia in denial of contact with the grandparents from the alienated side of the family. It is critical to examine the experiences of grandparents who were denied contact with their grandchildren due to PA to identify these grandparents’ unique needs and facilitate assistance and support.MethodThirteen grandparents aged 63 to 83 years (M = 72 years, SD = 6.52) were interviewed using an interpretive phenomenological analysis approach to analyze their narratives.FindingsParticipant interviews revealed four superordinate themes: (a) the race against time, (b) disregard of grandparents’ victim status, (c) health and functioning implications of alienation from grandchildren, and (d) reflections on being a grandparent suffering from PA and insights at this stage of life.ConclusionsPA‐related estrangement from grandchildren leads to negative outcomes regarding grandparents’ daily functioning, perception, and well‐being. Aging characteristics collide with these outcomes to form an experience unique to grandparents in these vulnerable situations.ImplicationsPractitioners treating older adults require awareness of parental alienation's adverse impact on grandparents to address their specific needs and hardships. Additionally, it is incumbent on the legal system and practitioners involved in PA cases to consider grandparent victimization, allow them to voice their pain, and take their interests into account.
Drought legacies and ecosystem responses to subsequent drought
Authors: Müller Lena M. , Bahn Michael 
Published: May 2022

AbstractClimate change is expected to increase the frequency and severity of droughts. These events, which can cause significant perturbations of terrestrial ecosystems and potentially long‐term impacts on ecosystem structure and functioning after the drought has subsided are often called ‘drought legacies’. While the immediate effects of drought on ecosystems have been comparatively well characterized, our broader understanding of drought legacies is just emerging. Drought legacies can relate to all aspects of ecosystem structure and functioning, involving changes at the species and the community scale as well as alterations of soil properties. This has consequences for ecosystem responses to subsequent drought. Here, we synthesize current knowledge on drought legacies and the underlying mechanisms. We highlight the relevance of legacy duration to different ecosystem processes using examples of carbon cycling and community composition. We present hypotheses characterizing how intrinsic (i.e. biotic and abiotic properties and processes) and extrinsic (i.e. drought timing, severity, and frequency) factors could alter resilience trajectories under scenarios of recurrent drought events. We propose ways for improving our understanding of drought legacies and their implications for subsequent drought events, needed to assess the longer‐term consequences of droughts on ecosystem structure and functioning.