bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A trait-based analysis for predicting impact of wildfires on frogs
Authors: Mahony M. , Gould J. , Beranek C. T. , Callen A. , Clulow J. , Clulow S. , Klop-Toker K. , Mahony S. , Wallace S. , Seeto R. , Stock S. , Garnham J. , Lemckert F. , Thumm K. , Moses B. , Pickett E. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
An increase in the frequency and intensity of catastrophic wildfires is associated with anthropogenic climate change. Wildfires are extreme environmental events that result in dramatic fluctuations in temperature and moisture, which are likely to disproportionately impact animals such as amphibians (Anura) whose distributions and ecology are strongly tied to climate. In response to the 2019/20 Australian summer wildfires, we used expert elicitation to analyse the traits of frogs that potentially influence fire sensitivity or resilience. Traits that were ranked high in terms of influencing fire sensitivity were range size, dominant adult habitat, reproductive mode, and relative abundance. While species restricted to cool, moist habitats are less exposed to the threat of wildfire, they had the highest sensitivity scores. This is due to their typically low fecundity, reliance on micro-refugia away from water for reproduction and shelter, and small, isolated distributions. The group considered least sensitive were those which occupy riparian zones as macro-refugia, which includes species with wide geographic distributions, general reproductive strategies, high fecundity, and moderate physiological capacity. Our findings suggest that it is the behavioural capacity of frogs to locate micro-refugia, a morphology that enables them to move into these safe spaces, and physiological adaptations to subsequently maintain water balance during and after wildfire that influence the probability of surviving wildfire. While many traits have evolved among amphibians to avoid climatic extremes and likely confer resistance to wildfire as “exaptations”, it remains unknown to what extent they protect populations from predicted hotter and drier climates. Our predictions should be tested by obtaining direct measures of the thermal and moisture buffering capacities of micro-refuges, along with the continued monitoring of species recovery post-fire, so that they can feedback into future trait-based analyses. We suggest that strategic management actions for mitigating the effect of climate-driven wildfires on amphibians should involve protection and enhancement of micro-refugia components of the landscape, which are used as shelter during times of heat and moisture stress, and provision of buffer zones around macro-refugia habitat, such as around streams.
Comparative Analysis of Protein in Selected Infant Formula Using Dye-Binding and Formol Methods
Authors: Zakari Suleiman , Martha Moses , Bawa Inalegwu , Ogbu Celestine O. , Zakari Hajara , Itodo Ocheleka M. , Matilda Ameh Felicia 
Published: May 2022

Aim: The protein content of some infant milk formula was determined using Dye-binding and Formol methods in comparison to the manufacturer’s values as reference.
Study Design: The study was an experimental design.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the laboratory of Chemistry department, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria between June, 2021 and December, 2021.
Methodology: Dye-binding Method was done by weighing about 5 g of the baby milk samples into beakers and 100 mL distilled water was added and mixed thoroughly. 20 mL of diluted 80% orange G dye solution was added to 2 mL of the milk solution and shaked vigorously. The sample was centrifuged at 820 rpm for 5 minutes and a clear filtrate obtained whose absorbance was then analyzed using spectrophotometer. For Formol Method I g of each of the milk samples was weighed into different beakers then 10 mL of distilled water and 0.7 mL saturated potassium oxalate was added along with 3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator into the mixture. Two drops of NaOH solution was titrated into the mixture and a pink colour appeared which diminished immediately. About 2 mL of formaldehyde was added and shaken for few seconds then titrated using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) until the mixture turned light pink.
Results: The mean and standard deviation of protein content using Dye-binding method are; Peak baby milk 2.49 ± 0.13 g, My boy milk 2.54 ± 0.06 g. For formol methods Peak baby milk has 0.13 ± 0.01 g and My boy milk 0.1 ± 0.01 g. The result showed that both infant formula under the Dye-binding method and formol method was significantly different (p<0.05) when compared to the reference value (1.7 Peak baby and 0.11 My boy). However, values obtained from Formol method for My boy milk was closest to the reference (factory value) only a slight difference of about 0.01 g.
Conclusion: In conclusion, Formol method is more closely related to the reference values (manufacturer’s values). Thus, the Formol titration may be used with confidence as a quick test for approximating the protein content of skim milk solids which is typical of baby milks.
Assessment of the Woundy Healing Activity of the Aqueous Extract of Leaves of Diospyros hoyleana (F.) White (Ebenaceae)
Authors: Fannang Simone Veronique , Manaoda Antoine Vayaraï , Meva François Eya’ane , Loe Gisele Etame , Mvomo Benoit Deschamps Mbida , Yinyang Jacques , Ngene Jean pierre 
Published: May 2022

Wounds are an extremely common reason for consultation in emergency departments. They mostly result from traffic accidents but also of different traumatisms. Their healing is possible thanks to a natural, spontaneous and coordinated process set up by the body. This process can be accelerated by the use of synthetic, biosynthetic or natural healing agents. Indeed, many medicinal plants are endowed with healing properties such as Diospyros hoyleana F. White, whose leaves help in the management of wounds. The present study consists in carrying out a phytochemical screening, evaluating the acute toxicity (oral and cutaneous) and determining the healing activity of the aqueous extract of Diospyros hoyleana leaves in comparison with that of BIAFINE®.
A phytochemical screening was carried out in order to highlight the presence of secondary metabolites responsible for the healing activity. Acute oral and cutaneous toxicity tests were carried out on different batches of rats. Subsequently, the evaluation of the healing activity by induction of traumatic lesions on batches of rats was made. The evolution of wounds of the different batches was compared on the one hand by calibrated photography and on the other hand by histological analysis.
At the end of this study, the results show that the aqueous extract of Diospyros hoyleana leaves has a healing activity with a healing profile at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg similar to that of BIAFINE.
The aqueous extract of Diospyros hoyleana leaves has healing activity with a healing profile similar to that of trolamine at doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. Flavonoids or tannins could be responsible for this activity.
Nonlinear oscillator design based on phase reduction method for closed‐loop system
Authors: Hongu Junichi , Iba Daisuke 
Published: May 2022

SummaryTo widely utilize the synchronization properties of nonlinear oscillators in the control and signal processing engineering field, a common design method for a nonlinear oscillator model would be helpful. The output response of a nonlinear oscillator excited by a periodic signal implicitly includes the information of both the instantaneous phase and the amplitude of the input signal. Explicitly expressing the dynamics of both phase and amplitude with the phase reduction method, and organizing them by the number of events in one period, could enable the design of a nonlinear oscillator model in the same manner that can synchronize with an arbitrary cyclic phenomenon in a broad sense. Assuming the cyclic phenomenon is a single periodic signal, the property of the generalized nonlinear oscillator model has the role as a common‐dimensional observer to attain the pseudo‐property of both iso‐damping and flat‐gain. Thus, this article determines the essential role of the nonlinear oscillator inserted in the closed‐loop system through investigating the input–output characteristic of the generalized nonlinear oscillator model. As a result of the numerical simulation using a simple vibration excitation and suppression system, it was found that using the generalized nonlinear oscillator model enables us to easily build the closed‐loop system including the pseudo‐property of both iso‐damping and flat‐gain.
Construction of N, P Co‐Doped Carbon Frames Anchored with Fe Single Atoms and Fe2P Nanoparticles as a Robust Coupling Catalyst for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Pan Yuan , Ma Xuelu , Wang Minmin , Yang Xuan , Liu Shoujie , Chen Hsiao‐Chien , Zhuang Zeweng , Zhang Yanhui , Cheong Weng‐Chon , Zhang Chao , Cao Xing , Shen Rongan , Xu Qian , Zhu Wei , Liu Yunqi , Wang Xingdong , Zhang Xuejiang , Yan Wensheng , Li Jun , Chen Hao Ming , Chen Chen , Li Yadong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA coupling catalyst of highly dispersed N, P co‐doped carbon frames (NPCFs) anchored with Fe single atoms (SAs) and Fe2P nanoparticles (NPs) is synthesized by a novel in situ doping–adsorption–phosphatization strategy for the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The optimized Fe SAs‐Fe2P NPs/NPCFs‐2.5 catalyst shows a superior ORR activity and stability in 0.5 m H2SO4 and 0.1 m KOH, respectively. Theoretical calculations reveal a synergistic effect, in that the existence of Fe2P weakens the adsorption of ORR intermediates on active sites and lowers the reaction free energy. The doped P atoms with a strong electron‐donating ability elevate the energy level of Fe‐3d orbitals and facilitate the adsorption of O2. The active Fe atoms exist in a low oxidation state and are less positively charged, and they serve as an electron reservoir capable of donating and releasing electrons, thus improving the ORR activity. Operando and in situ characterization results indicate that the atomically dispersed FeN4/FeP coupled active centers in the Fe SAs‐Fe2P NPs/NPCFs‐2.5 catalyst are characteristic of the different catalytic mechanisms in acidic and alkaline media. This work proposes a novel idea for constructing coupling catalysts with atomic‐level precision and provides a strong reference for the development of high‐efficiency ORR electrocatalysts for practical application.
Polar Photovoltaic Effect in Chiral Alternating Cations Intercalation‐Type Perovskites Driving Self‐Powered Ultraviolet Circularly Polarized Light Detection
Authors: Zhu Tingting , Wu Hongchun , Ji Chengmin , Zhang Xinyuan , Peng Yu , Yao Yunpeng , Ye Huang , Weng Wen , Lin Wenxiong , Luo Junhua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChiral alternating cations intercalation‐type (ACI) perovskites, which are capable of great structural flexibility and a suitable quantum well barrier thickness that facilitates better charge transport, are urgently desired for circularly polarized light (CPL) detection. However, the chiral–polar photovoltaic effect (CPPE) in chiral ACI perovskites has never been reported although CPPE will provide great opportunities for future sustainable development. Here, by transmuting the organic ligands in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper‐type (RP) perovskites, two chiral–polar photovoltaic ACI perovskites (R/S‐PPA)EAPbCl4 (1R/1S) are successfully developed, which are stabilized by the alternating ordering of the short alkyl EA (EA = ethylammonium) and chiral aromatic PPA (PPA = 1‐phenylpropylamine) cations in the interlayer space. Particularly, converting chiral RP into ACI perovskites gives rise to a remarkable CPPE and suitable quantum well barrier thickness. These features contribute to the exploration of self‐powered ultraviolet CPL detection with an asymmetry factor up to 0.4, which reaches the highest value among the reported layered chiral perovskites. This is thought to be the first realization of CPPE in ACI perovskites, which paves the way for the application of chiral perovskites for self‐powered short‐wave ultraviolet CPL detection.
Copper‐Catalyzed Electrophilic Arylation of Isatoic Anhydride with Diaryliodonium Salts for Synthesis of N‐Phenylated Isatoic Anhydrides
Authors: Wu Xi‐Xi , He Yonghui , Zhao Xiao‐Jing , Li Ganpeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed N‐arylation of various isatoic anhydrides with diaryliodonium salts was developed by using inexpensive CuI as the catalyst under mild conditions. The method provides diverse N‐Phenylated isatoic anhydrides in high yields (up to 97%). The mechanism of the N‐arylation reaction is proposed to involve an electrophilic addition process.
Ligand‐Controlled NiH‐Catalyzed Regiodivergent Chain‐Walking Hydroalkylation of Alkenes
Authors: Zhao Lei , Zhu Yuqin , Liu Mengyuan , Xie Leipeng , Liang Jimin , Shi Haoran , Meng Xiao , Chen Zhengyang , Han Jian , Wang Chao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA NiH‐catalyzed migratory hydroalkylation of alkenyl amines with predictable and switchable regioselectivity is reported. By utilizing a ligand‐controlled, directing group‐assisted strategy, various alkyl units are site‐selectively installed at inert sp3 C−H sites far away from the original C=C bonds. A range of structurally diverse α‐ and β‐branched protected amines are conveniently synthesized via stabilization of 5‐ and 6‐membered nickelacycles respectively. This method exhibits broad scope and high functional group tolerance, and can be applied to late‐stage modification of medicinally relevant molecules.
Solid oxide fuel cell using agroforestry waste as fuel: A balance between power output and fuel utilization
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Zhou Na , Zhang Rong , An Wenting , Li Si‐Dian , Jiao Yong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSolid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has the potential to convert biomass to electrical power cleanly and efficiently by integrating with in situ gasification of biomass. It is necessary to keep a balance between maximizing the power output of fuel cells and minimizing the pretreatment of biomass. Herein, we report the comparison of output performance between the apple tree branches (ATB) dried at 110°C and the one pyrolyzed at 500°C in SOFCs. The results show that the peak power densities (PPD) of SOFCs operated at 850°C were 157 and 238 mW cm−2for the dried and the pyrolyzed samples, respectively. And the corresponding apparent fuel utilizations for them were 18.1% and 24.6%, respectively. However, if counting the pyrolysis yield (~28 wt%), the overall fuel utilization of the pyrolyzed sample declined from 24.6% to ~6.9%. In addition, if loading the steel slag (SS)‐based catalyst catalyst to the dried sample, its PPD at 850°C were almost doubled to 303 mW cm−2, but the fuel utilization reduced to 9.2%. Meanwhile, SOFCs using the medium‐density fiberboard (MDF) as fuel exhibited the parallel trends in electrochemical performance and fuel utilization.
Joint‐Specific Memory and Sustained Risk for New Joint Accumulation in Autoimmune Arthritis
Authors: Chang Margaret H. , Bocharnikov Alexandra V. , Case Siobhan M. , Todd Marc , Laird‐Gion Jessica , Alvarez‐Baumgartner Maura , Nigrovic Peter A. 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveInflammatory arthritides exhibit hallmark patterns of affected and spared joints, but in each individual, arthritis affects only a subset of all possible sites. The purpose of this study was to identify patient‐specific patterns of joint flare to distinguish local from systemic drivers of disease chronicity.MethodsPatients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis followed without interruption from disease onset into adulthood were identified across 2 large academic centers. Joints inflamed at each visit were established by medical record review. Flare was defined as physician‐confirmed joint inflammation following documented inactive disease.ResultsAmong 222 adults with JIA, 95 had complete serial joint examinations dating from disease onset in childhood. Mean follow‐up was 12.5 years (interquartile range 7.9–16.7 years). Ninety (95%) of 95 patients achieved inactive disease, after which 81% (73 patients) experienced at least 1 flare. Among 940 joints affected in 253 flares, 74% had been involved previously. In flares affecting easily observed large joint pairs where only 1 side had been involved before (n = 53), the original joint was affected in 83% and the contralateral joint in 17% (P < 0.0001 versus random laterality). However, disease extended to at least 1 new joint in ~40% of flares, a risk that remained stable even decades after disease onset, and was greatest in flares that occurred while patients were not receiving medication (54% versus 36% of flares occurring with therapy; odds ratio 2.09, P = 0.015).ConclusionArthritis flares preferentially affect previously inflamed joints but carry an ongoing risk of disease extension. These findings confirm joint‐specific memory and suggest that prevention of new joint accumulation should be an important target for arthritis therapy.
Hydroxy‐Tetraphenylimidazole Derivatives as Efficient Blue Emissive Materials for Electroluminescent Devices
Authors: Li Wan , Chasing Pongsakorn , Nalaoh Phattananawee , Chawanpunyawat Thanyarat , Sukpattanacharoen Chattarika , Kungwan Nawee , Sudyoadsuk Taweesak , Promarak Vinich 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHerein, three hydroxy‐tetraphenylimidazole (HPI)‐based fluorophores (HPI‐TPA, HPI‐PCz, and HPI‐CzP) are designed and synthesized by disubstituted HPI core with arylamine units of triphenylamine (TPA), phenyl carbazole (PCz), and carbazole phenyl (CzP) at 3,5‐positions of the N‐phenyl ring of HPI, respectively. Their photophysical properties are theoretically and experimentally examined. HPI‐TPA shows a hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) excited state characteristic and emits deep blue color via an HLCT mechanism, while both HPI‐PCz and HPI‐CzP exhibit excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) property and display pure keto form emissions. They possess high thermal stability and are successfully fabricated as emitters in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). All devices exhibit intense blue color emissions with low turn‐on voltages (3.5–3.7 V). Particularly, HPI‐TPA‐based OLED emits light in the deep‐blue region with a high maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 3.77% and a decent efficiency roll‐off.
Metal ion‐mediated carbon dot nanoprobe for fluorescent turn‐on sensing of N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhu Bin , Han Yejiao , Yang Xin , Xu Yanan , Cheng Ying , Liu Taotao , Wu Jiana , Li Shengling , Ding Lifeng , Bai Jingjing , Niu Yulan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this work, carbon dots (CDs) was easily synthesized from aspartic acid through a pyrolysis method. Based on their favourable fluorescence properties, CDs were utilized to design a metal ion‐mediated fluorescent probe for N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine (NAC) detection. The fluorescence intensity of CDs was firstly quenched by manganese ions (Mn2+) through static quenching effect and subsequently restored by NAC via the combination with Mn2+ due to the coordination effect. Therefore, the fluorescent turn‐on sensing of NAC was actuated based on the fluorescence quenching stimulated by Mn2+ and recovery induced by coordination. The fluorescence recovery efficiencies showed a proportional range to the concentration of NAC in the range 0.04–5 mmol L−1 and the detection limit was 0.03 mmol L−1. Furthermore, this metal ion‐mediated fluorescent nanoprobe was applied to human urine sample detection and the standard recovery rates were located in the range 97.62–102.34%. This was the first time that Mn2+ was used to construct a fluorescent nanoprobe for NAC. Compared with other heavy metal ions, Mn2+ with good biosecurity prevented the risk of application, which made the nanoprobe green and biopractical. The facile synthesis of CDs and novel metal ion‐mediated sensing mode made it a promising method for pharmaceutical analysis.
What do you see? Understanding perceptions of police use of force videos as a function of the camera perspective
Authors: Korva Natasha , Bennell Craig , Lalumière Martin L. , Karimullah Mirza 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSome research suggests that video‐recorded police incidents may be subject to a camera perspective bias. This study examined whether the camera angle of a recorded police use of force encounter influenced interpretation of the video. Participants (n = 330) viewed a video‐recorded simulated use of force scenario in one of four camera angle conditions (body worn camera, bystander camera, security camera, all three camera angles), and then rated the conduct of the police officer and the subject. Participants' attitudes towards the police and legal system were also examined. Results indicated that camera angle did not directly impact viewers' judgment of the scenario, but pre‐existing biases about the police guided their interpretations of certain camera angles. Importantly, however, this was not the case for those who viewed the body worn camera angle. These results help us understand the implications of relying on video recordings of police incidents.
High‐throughput membrane‐anchored proteome screening reveals PIEZO1 as a promising antibody‐drug target for human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Qin Xun , Ni Zhen , Jiang Jianjun , Liu Xiguang , Dong Xiaoying , Li Mei , Miao Kai , Rao Shuan , Zhang Wenqing , Cai Kaican 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal carcinoma is one of the most fatal cancers worldwide. In China, over 90% of esophageal cancer patients are diagnosed with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Currently, the survival and prognosis of ESCC patients are not satisfying because of insufficient early screening and lack of efficacious medication. Accumulating studies have suggested that antibody‐drug conjugates (ADC) represent a promising antitumor strategy.MethodHere, we carried out a specific membrane proteome screening with ESCC patients' samples using a high‐throughput antibody microarray to uncover potential targets for ADC development. Candidates were validated with expression and cytotoxicity evaluation both in vitro and in vivo.ResultsOur data have shown that the Piezo‐Type Mechanosensitive Ion Channel Component 1 (PIEZO1) is particularly overexpressed in human ESCC tumors and can be efficiently internalized when bound with its monoclonal antibody. Furthermore, the PIEZO1 antibody combined with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) can specifically kill PIEZO1 high‐expressed ESCC tumor cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. More importantly, the Anti‐PIEZO1‐MMAE can significantly suppress tumor progression in ESCC xenograft tumor models without any obvious side effects.ConclusionTaken together, our work demonstrates that PIEZO1 is a promising target to develop ADCs for human ESCC treatment, providing a new strategy for ESCC patients' personalized therapy.