bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergent Bedside Resternotomy: An Innovative Simulation Model for Training Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Teams
Authors: Akinpelu Toluwani , Shah Nikhil R. , Alhendy Mohammed , Thangavelu Malarvizhi , Weaver Karen , Muller Nicole , McElroy James , Bhalala Utpal S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCardiac tamponade after cardiac surgery is a life-threatening event that requires simultaneous resuscitation and emergent resternotomy by the intensive care team. A simulated scenario using an innovative mannequin with sternotomy wound has the capability of reproducing cardiac arrest associated with postoperative tamponade. We evaluated the validity of this mannequin to investigate the confidence level and crisis resource management skills of the team during bedside resternotomy to manage postoperative cardiac tamponade. The simulation scenario was developed using the sternotomy mannequin for a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) team. The case involved a 3-year-old male, intubated, and mechanically ventilated after surgical repair of congenital heart disease, progressing to cardiac arrest due to cardiac tamponade. We conducted a formative learner assessment before and after each scenario as well as a structured, video debriefing following each encounter. The simulation was repeated in a 6-month interval to assess knowledge retention and improvement in clinical workflow. The data were analyzed using student t-test and chi-square test, when appropriate. Of the 72 CICU providers, a significant proportion of providers (p < 0.0001) showed improved confidence in assessing and managing cardiac arrest associated with postoperative cardiac tamponade. All providers scored ≥3 for the impact of the scenario on practice, teamwork, communication, assessment skills, improvement in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and opening the chest and their confidence in attending similar clinical situations in future. Most (96–100%) scored ≥3 for the perception on the realism of mannequin, the scenario, reopening the sternotomy, and level of stress. Time to diagnosis of cardiac tamponade (p = 0.004), time to the first dose of epinephrine (p = 0.045), and median number of interruptions to chest compressions (p = 0.006) all significantly decreased between the two sessions. Time to completion of resternotomy improved by 81.4 seconds; however, this decrease was not statistically significant. Implementation of a high-fidelity mannequin for postoperative cardiac tamponade simulation can achieve a realistic and reproducible training model with positive impacts on multidisciplinary team education.
A Clinical Mathematical Model Estimating Postoperative Urine Output in Children Underwent Cardiopulmonary Bypass for Congenital Heart Surgery
Authors: Baloglu Orkun , Ryan Shawn D. , Onder Ali M. , Rosen David , Mullett Charles J. , Munther Daniel S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives Our objective was to build a proof of concept of the clinical mathematical model estimating postoperative urine output (UOP) utilizing preoperative, intraoperative, and immediate postoperative variables in children who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for congenital heart surgery.
Methods This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study in a university-affiliated children's hospital. Patients younger than 21 years old who underwent CPB for congenital heart surgery and were postoperatively admitted to West Virginia University Children's Hospital's pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) between September 1, 2007 and June 31, 2013 were included in the study. Body surface area, CPB duration, first measured hematocrit, serum pH, central venous pressure, and vasoactive-inotropic score in the PICU were used to build the mathematical model. A randomly selected 50% of the dataset was used to calculate model parameters. A cross-validation was used to assess model performance.
Results A total of 256 patients met the inclusion criteria. The model was able to achieve mean absolute error of 1.065 mL/kg/h (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.062–1.067 mL/kg/h), root mean squared error of 1.80 mL/kg/h (95% CI: 1.799–1.804 mL/kg/h), and R2 of 0.648 (95% CI: 0.646–0.650) in estimating UOP in the first 32 hours of postoperative period.
Conclusions The mathematical model utilizing preoperative, intraoperative, and immediate postoperative variables may be a potentially useful clinical tool in estimating UOP in the first 32 hours postoperative period.
Bow Echo: surrounding memories of loss
Authors: Carlisle Maxine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis art review responds to Aziz Hazara's audio-visual work Bow Echo, exhibited in the Biennale of Sydney, 2020 at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Australia. Considering anechoic chambers and stifled sound, this review explores the individual experience of warfare in Afghanistan. By metaphorically associating natural storms with military devastation, this review pays close attention to the mechanics of tone and the choreography of movement within the video work. Overall, Hazara artfully merges digital technology and installation design to create an affecting environment in memoriam of lives lost.
Studies on a sinusoidally driven gas–liquid two-phase plasma discharge and its application to sterilization
Authors: Zhang Xinying , Fan Runze , Qi Miao , Zhao Xinyi , Zhang Jin , Xu Dehui , Yang Yanjie 
Published: November 2022

Atmospheric pressure cold plasmas are widely used in the biomedical field as evidenced by developments in recent years. In this study, a quartz tube-guided gas–liquid two-phase discharge has been configured with a hollow needle-water structure. The power source for the device was sinusoidal, and switching between a gas–liquid miscible discharge and a pure gaseous discharge was simple. It was discovered that the gas–liquid discharge was beneficial in terms of reactant species generation and reaction efficiency in terms of processing water. The types of particles, the physicochemical properties, and the concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the discharge were studied spectroscopically. The discharge was discovered to have high levels of H2O2 and NO2−, and the activated water was proven to be effective at sterilizing samples that were contaminated with micro-organisms. Key experimental parameters including the driving voltage and the air flow rate were optimized to achieve the best sterilization conditions. The membrane potential changes in the treated bacteria were also studied to explore the causes of bacterial inactivation. The results showed that the device exhibited a strong bactericidal effect for the gas–liquid mixed phase discharge operating at 17 kV for 5 min with a gas flow rate of 0.3 SLM. In addition, the present device offers enhanced sterilization efficiency relative to the efficiency of conventional plasma sterilization equipment and, therefore, has a wide range of applications.
Vocabulary size estimates for Lithuanian native speakers
Authors: Vilkaitė-Lozdienė Laura , Vilkienė Loreta 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The vocabulary size estimates suggested for native speakers used to vary considerably. More recently, researchers using Yes/No tests reported numbers that are much closer together. This article seeks to answer the question of whether we can give an estimate of an adult native speaker’s vocabulary size without specifying a language. First, it presents the estimate for a native speaker’s vocabulary size in Lithuanian and explores its variation depending on the person’s age (ranging from 16 to 71 years old), place of residence, their reading for pleasure habits, and gender. Then it compares this estimate to the ones suggested for German, English, and Dutch native speakers. The analysis suggests that the estimates for different languages, at least the ones based on empirical data rather than statistical predictions, do not differ considerably.
Testing the impact of remote interpreting settings on interpreter experience and performance
Authors: Chmiel Agnieszka , Spinolo Nicoletta 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper presents methodological challenges in a study focusing on the impact of remote interpreting settings on
interpreter experience and performance. In recent years, the practice of simultaneous interpreting has undergone a robust
development with the quick uptake of remote interpreting technologies due to the global pandemic. In order to investigate remote
interpreting, we created the Inside the Virtual Booth project encompassing a survey and an experimental study. We report on
selected results of the survey that directly inform the experimental study design. We focus on challenges related to the
compromise between experimental control and ecological validity, creation of materials and selection of dependent variables,
including eyetracking measures that cannot be directly applied from reading studies to a study involving multimodal content
typical for remote interpreting assignments. The paper may serve as a source of methodological guidance to scholars entering the
field of experimental translation and interpreting studies.
Fast absolute 3D CGO-based electrical impedance tomography on experimental tank data
Authors: Hamilton S J , Muller P A , Isaacson D , Kolehmainen V , Newell J , Rajabi Shishvan O , Saulnier G , Toivanen J 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. To present the first 3D CGO-based absolute EIT reconstructions from experimental tank data. Approach. CGO-based methods for absolute EIT imaging are compared to traditional TV regularized non-linear least squares reconstruction methods. Additional robustness testing is performed by considering incorrect modeling of domain shape. Main Results. The CGO-based methods are fast, and show strong robustness to incorrect domain modeling comparable to classic difference EIT imaging and fewer boundary artefacts than the TV regularized non-linear least squares reference reconstructions. Significance. This work is the first to demonstrate fully 3D CGO-based absolute EIT reconstruction on experimental data and also compares to TV-regularized absolute reconstruction. The speed (1–5 s) and quality of the reconstructions is encouraging for future work in absolute EIT.
Distinguishing reionization models using the largest cluster statistics of the 21-cm maps
Authors: Pathak Aadarsh , Bag Satadru , Dasgupta Saswata , Majumdar Suman , Mondal Rajesh , Kamran Mohd , Sarkar Prakash 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The evolution of topology and morphology of ionized or neutral hydrogen during different
stages of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) have the potential to provide us a great amount of
information about the properties of the ionizing sources during this era. We compare a variety of
reionization source models in terms of the geometrical properties of the ionized regions. We show
that the percolation transition in the ionized hydrogen, as studied by tracing the evolution
of the Largest Cluster Statistics (LCS), is a robust statistic that can distinguish the
fundamentally different scenarios — inside-out and outside-in reionization. Particularly, the
global neutral fraction at the onset of percolation is significantly higher for the inside-out
scenario as compared to that for the outside-in reionization. In complementary to percolation
analysis, we explore the shape and morphology of the ionized regions as they evolve in different
reionization models in terms of the Shapefinders (SFs) that are ratios of the Minkowski
functionals (MFs). The shape distribution can readily discern the reionization scenario with
extreme non-uniform recombination in the IGM, such as the clumping model. In the rest of the
reionization models, the largest ionized region abruptly grows only in terms of its third SF —
'length' — during percolation while the first two SFs — 'thickness' and 'breadth' — almost
remain stable. Thus the ionized hydrogen in these scenarios becomes highly filamentary near
percolation and exhibit a 'characteristic cross-section' that varies among the source
models. Therefore, the geometrical studies based on SFs, together with the percolation analysis
can shed light on the reionization sources.
Optimization of tracker configuration for the CEPC
Authors: Liang Hao , Zhu Yongfeng , Lai Pei-Zhu , Ruan Manqi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigate the tracker configuration optimization for the Circular Electron Position
Collider (CEPC), a proposed Higgs and Z factory. Fixing the construction cost comparable to that
of the baseline detector design and considering the benchmark channels (Z ⟶ ff̅,
WW fusion with H ⟶ ff̅, ZH ⟶ ννff̅, and
tt̅ ⟶ bb̅μνμud) of various operating modes of the CEPC, we obtain the
optimal tracker radius that provides the best average resolution of the track momentum or jet
energy. The optimal tracker radii for track momentum resolution range from 1.59 m to 1.73 m and
for jet energy resolution from 1.82 m to 1.97 m, depending on the benchmark channels. Compared
to the jets, the tracks prefer a smaller radius and a longer length because the track momentum
resolution degrades more significantly than jet energy resolution in the forward region. The
benchmark channel for Z-pole prefers a smaller radius and longer length compared to other
benchmark channels because the final state particles at the Z-pole have a more forward
distribution. We also analyze the scaling behavior of the optimal tracker configuration at
floating construction cost and observe a weak dependence.
Cryogenic front-end amplifier design for large SiPM arrays in the DUNE FD1-HD photon detection system
Authors: Brizzolari C. , Carniti P. , Cattadori C. , Cristaldo E. , de la Torre Rojo A. , Delgado M. , Falcone A. , Francis K. , Gallice N. , Gotti C. , Guarise M. , Montagna E. , Montanari A. , Pessina G. , Pozzato M. , Smolik J. , Terranova F. , Tomassetti L. , Verdugo de Osa A. , Warner D. , Zalesak J. , Zani A. , Zuklin J. , Zutshi V. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The photon detection system of the first far detector (FD1-HD) of the DUNE experiment will
detect scintillation photons produced by particle interactions in a kiloton-scale liquid Argon
time projection chamber. The photon detectors of choice are silicon photomultipliers (SiPM),
6×6 mm2 each, arranged in groups of 48, which present a significantly low
impedance to the front-end electronics. This paper details the design of a cryogenic amplifier
with exceptionally low white voltage noise of 0.37 nV√(Hz), based on a silicon-germanium
input transistor and a BiCMOS fully differential operational amplifier. It yields excellent
single photoelectron resolution even at low overvoltage values. The signal rise time is below 100 ns, and the dynamic range is about 2000 photoelectrons at the typical operating overvoltage. It
draws 0.7 mA from a single 3.3 V supply, for a power consumption of 2.4 mW
per channel. Simplified models were developed to predict the single photolectron signal shape and
the signal to noise ratio, with a good match to measured performance.
Propofol-induced interference with activated partial thromboplastin time–based monitoring of therapeutic heparin anticoagulation
Authors: Negaard Briana J , Hobbs Ryan , Frye Jared R , Merrill Anna E 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeThe activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is a coagulation assay commonly utilized for monitoring therapeutic heparin anticoagulation. aPTT methods based on optical detection are vulnerable to spectral interference from hemolysis, icterus, lipemia, and other substances. Intravenous lipid emulsions of primarily 20% have been shown to interfere with multiple clinical laboratory assays, including those measuring aPTT by optical methods, but there is limited data on propofol’s effect. The primary objective of this study was to determine the rate of interference of propofol with aPTT measurements in patients receiving both propofol and intravenous heparin.MethodsA retrospective observational cohort study of intensive care unit patients who received concomitant propofol and heparin infusions (N = 38 patients) and whose heparin therapy was monitored by aPTT (N = 531 aPTTs) was conducted. Review of the electronic medical record was completed to obtain relevant clinical and laboratory data, while the laboratory information system was queried for analytical interference with the aPTT assay.ResultsA total of 109 aPTTs (21%) spanning 21 patients (55%) had documented aPTT interference. All 21 patients had at least one aPTT requiring ultracentrifugation prior to reporting, and 12 aPTTs from 4 patients were unreportable due to interference. Patients with and without aPTT interference received similar doses of propofol. None of the cases of aPTT interference were caused by hemolysis or hyperbilirubinemia.ConclusionA potential medication-assay interaction was observed in approximately half of patients who received concomitant propofol and heparin infusions and had aPTT measured for anticoagulation management. Sample ultracentrifugation removes the optical interference in most cases but significantly prolongs aPTT reporting and delays appropriate adjustments to heparin dosing.
An Institutional Perspective to Understand Latin America’s High Levels of Homicide
Authors: Croci Gonzalo , Chainey Spencer 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNumerous studies have suggested that socio-economic structural factors offer the main reasons for international variations in homicide levels—where socio-economic conditions are better, lower levels of homicide are observed. In countries in Latin America, social and economic conditions have improved, yet high levels of homicide have remained. In this article, we examine a new line of reasoning, hypothesizing that the effectiveness of institutions (such as government justice agencies and the police) and poor controls for corruption are key factors for explaining the high levels of homicide in Latin America. We apply a random effects panel regression using a sample of 54 countries from Latin America and other parts of the world, and data for a 13-year period (2005–2017). We examine the relationships between homicide, government effectiveness, corruption and several structural variables to determine if the relationships between these variables are more apparent for countries in the Latin American region. We find that structural factors play less of a role in explaining the international variation in homicide levels, and that government effectiveness and corruption are significantly related to the high levels of homicide experienced in the Latin America region.
The Floating Signifier of ‘Safety’: Correctional Officer Perspectives on COVID-19 Restrictions, Legitimacy and Prison Order
Authors: Schultz William J , Ricciardelli Rosemary 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect prisons internationally. Existing research focuses on infection data, meaning we do not fully understand how COVID-19 shapes frontline prison dynamics. We draw on qualitative interviews with 21 Canadian federal correctional officers, exploring how the pandemic impacted prison management. Officers suggested inconsistent messaging around COVID-19 protocols reduced institutional and officers’ self-legitimacy, fracturing trust relationships with incarcerated people. Furthermore, officers suggest that personal protective equipment such as gowns and face shields took on multiple meanings. We use Lévi-Strauss’ floating signifier concept to analyse how individual definitions of ‘safety’ informed day-to-day prison routines. We conclude by arguing that legitimacy deficits and contested definitions of ‘safety’ will continue to create uncertainty, impacting prison operations going forward.
Exosome-transmitted S100A4 induces immunosuppression and non-small cell lung cancer development by activating STAT3
Authors: Wu Xu , Zhang Hui , Jiang Gang , Peng Minlian , Li Cheng , Lu Jiaxin , Jiang Shiyin , Yang Xiaoping , Jiang Yongliang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the primary reason of tumor morbidity and mortality worldwide. We aimed to study the transfer process of S100A4 between cells and whether it affected NSCLC development by affecting STAT3 expression. First, S100A4 expression in NSCLC cells was measured. The exosomes in MRC-5, A549, and H1299 cells were isolated and identified. We constructed si-S100A4 and si-PD-L1 to transfect A549 cells and oe-S100A4 to transfect H1299 cells, and tested the transfection efficiency. Cell function experiments were performed to assess cell proliferation, clone number, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and invasion abilities. In addition, ChIP was applied to determine the targeting relationship between S100A4 and STAT3. Next, we explored NSCLC cell-derived exosomes role in NSCLC progress by transmitting S100A4. Finally, we verified the function of exosome-transmitted S100A4 in NSCLC in vivo. High expression of S100A4 was secreted by exosomes. After knocking down S100A4, cell proliferation ability was decreased, clones number was decreased, apoptosis was increased, G1 phase was increased, S phase was repressed, and migration and invasion abilities were also decreased. ChIP validated STAT3 and PD-L1 interaction. After knocking down S100A4, PD-L1 expression was decreased, while ov-STAT3 reversed the effect of S100A4 on PD-L1 expression. Meanwhile, S100A4 inhibited T-cell immune activity by activating STAT3. In addition, knockdown of PD-L1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. NSCLC cell-derived exosomes promoted cancer progression by transmitting S100A4 to activate STAT3 pathway. Finally, in vivo experiments further verified that exosome-transmitted S100A4 promoted NSCLC progression. Exosome-transmitted S100A4 induces immunosuppression and the development of NSCLC by activating STAT3.
An aggressive solution for patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: nodal ablation and cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Bianchi Stefano , Corradetti Sara 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Heart failure and atrial fibrillation are two diseases that often coexist and contribute to worsening the prognosis and quality of life of patients. Managing this situation is still a challenge today. The ablation of the atrioventricular node associated with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) fits into this context as a definitive but effective solution. Indeed, long-term positive results have been demonstrated in patients with atrial fibrillation ineligible for ablation and refractory to medical therapy in terms of symptom reduction and, more recently, also mortality. Furthermore, the role of this strategy in obtaining adequate biventricular pacing in patients who may benefit from CRT but are ineligible due to the presence of atrial fibrillation is being highlighted.
Echocardiography strain: why is it used more and more?
Authors: Cameli Matteo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the last decade, speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) has acquired a fundamental role in the evaluation of the systolic function of the left ventricle, with several advantages over the Doppler method, including angle independence, greater reproducibility, and rapidity of image acquisition. Speckle tracking finds application in various pathologies, ranging from ischaemic heart disease, to cardiomyopathies, to heart failure, both with reduced and preserved ejection fraction (EF), in which the EF is not a reliable prognostic marker and the estimate of left ventricular function by means of ‘strain’ is of crucial utility. In addition, the strain of the left atrium finds application in many clinical contexts as an early index of diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular filling pressures. Finally, the strain of the right ventricle is of particular prognostic importance in the evaluation of heart failure, particularly in its advanced form, becoming an indispensable index in the evaluation of patients who are candidates for advanced therapeutic strategies. This document aims to describe the various fields of clinical application of STE, with particular emphasis on its diagnostic and prognostic role, so much that it is now integrated into the algorithms for managing multiple pathologies in daily clinical practice.