bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Von Willebrand Factor Level and Activity in Correlation with D-dimer Level among COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Ansari Rehab Yusuf , AL-Yami Fatimah Salim , Al-Jamea Lamiaa Hamad , Osman Abdalla Leena Mohamed , Halawi Abdulrahman Hassan , AlShehri Abdullah Mohammed , Zakary Nawaf , Jebakumar Arulanantham Zechariah , Woodman Alexander 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:
Thrombosis and acute respiratory failure are among the leading causes of mortality in COVID-19 patients. The von Willebrand factor (VWF) is one of the main components in the blood coagulation system. It has been hypothesized that the increased VWF level results from vascular damage because VWF is stored in endothelial cells. Infection of endothelial cells with SARS-CoV-2 can stimulate the release of VWF. This study aimed to determine the level of VWF activity among the Saudi population affected by COVID-19 and investigate the correlation between VWF level and D-dimer level.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This is an analytical, retrospective, observational study conducted in a single-center tertiary hospital at King Fahad Military Medical Complex (KFMMC). A study sample of 80 hospitalized patients (aged ≥18 years) diagnosed with COVID-19 confirmed by nasopharyngeal SARS-COV was randomly included in this study. Frozen blood samples were used to measure VWF antigen (Ag) level and activity for all patients. Historical data on hemostasis markers such as platelets (PLTS), fibrinogen, and D-dimer were obtained retrospectively, as well as demographic and clinical data.

RESULTS:
Data of 80 patients were analyzed to assess VWF Ag level and activity in correlation to D-dimer level. The mean age of the patients was 58.3 (standard deviation 16.18), with nearly two-thirds being females (62.6%). The most common comorbidities were arterial hypertension (67.5%), diabetes (56.3%), and dyslipidemia (22.5%). Only 10% of patients were obese. The mean values of were 3.25 for D-dimer, 3.55 for fibrinogen, 226.4 for PLTS, 9.88 for white blood cell, 237.04 for VWF Ag, 253.21 for VWF activity, and 70.45 for C-reactive protein. Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed that the correlation between D-dimer and VWF Ag and D-dimer and VWF activity was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). Only six patients had overt thrombosis, but this has no significant correlation with VWF Ag, activity, D-dimer, or platelet count. VWF Ag and activity were higher in intensive care unit (ICU) than non-ICU patients. However, it is not significant statistically. VWF Ag and activity were significantly higher in deceased patients than in survivors.

CONCLUSIONS:
The results of this study showed that there was no significant correlation between VWF Ag and activity with D-dimer among Saudi patients with confirmed COVID-19.
Is the Integration of Lymphocyte/Monocyte Ratio and International Prognostic Score Effective in Predicting Prognosis for Hodgkin's Lymphoma in the Modern Era? A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Khalil Hasan , Hussein Firas , Samra Suzan 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:
Determining the prognosis of Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL) is crucial to avoid overtreatment and undertreatment, both of which have dangerous effects on the patient's health. This justifies the many studies to find prognostic factors, which in turn contribute to making the appropriate therapeutic decision. International Prognostic Score (IPS) and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR) are the most common prognostic indicator in HL, but they have some limitations in their application at some stages of the disease. The aim of this research was to study the efficiency of combining IPS and LMR to predict prognosis at both stages of the disease (early and advanced).

METHODS:
This study included 84 newly classical HL patients treated by ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) with radiotherapy.

RESULTS:
IPS showed a poor ability to predict 18-month progression-free survival (PFS) in both early-stage disease (P = 0.162) and advanced-stage disease (P = 0.191); LMR showed high performance in predicting 18-month PFS in early-stage patients treated with ABVD (HR = 5.456, confidence interval [CI] =1.04–28.715, P = 0.045). The combination of IPS and LMR was able to predict 18-month PFS in both early- and advanced-stage disease (HR = 12.21, CI = 1.24–120.1, P = 0.032) (HR = 2.84, CI = 1.04–5.04, P = 0.041), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
The combination of IPS and LMR defines two important risk groups: the high-risk group (IPS ≥3 and LMR <2.9) and the low-risk group (IPS <3 and LMR ≥2.9); it can therefore be used to predict prognosis and adapt treatment to suit each patient's condition.
Evaluation of Natural Antifungal Compounds from Artemisia afra and its Effectiveness on Prevention of Aflatoxins
Authors: Kilenga Noela G. , Maeda Daniel , Kibazohi Oscar , Kaale Lilian D. 
Published: October 2022

Artemisia afra is a medicinal plant with antimicrobial activities, known to treat tuberculosis, measles, cough, and influenza. In consequence, its applications have increasingly become pivotal to control various microbes which cause different diseases. This study therefore, evaluated the chemical composition and the antifungal activity of A. afra essential oil. The extraction of essential oil was done using steam distillation. The essential oil chemical composition was analysed by GC-MS. The analysis revealed 19 compounds from A. afra. The main compounds were borneol (71.529%), terpinen-4-ol (8.582%), β-thujone (3.283%), β-terpineol (2.590%), α-terpineol (1.791%), chrysanthenone (1.507%), myrtenal (1.393%), eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) (1.263%), cis-sabinene hydrate (1.172%) and trans-carane, 4,5-epoxy (1.088%). The growth and aflatoxin production inhibitions against A. flavus were determined via antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic bioassays of the A. afra essential oil at the concentration range of 10–50 µL/mL using a poisoned-food method. The quantification of the aflatoxins production was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography. The antifungal activity of A. afra essential oil was effective against A. flavus with growth inhibition of 99.97–99.99% and controlled aflatoxins production by 99.25–99.63%. The results indicated that A. afra essential oil can become an alternative natural fungicide for the control of A. flavus growth and aflatoxins production.
Keywords: Artemisia afra; essential oil; A. flavus; aflatoxins; GC-MS
Educación física y convivencia escolar, una apuesta desde el currículo (Physical education and school coexistence, a proposal from the curriculum)
Authors: López Sánchez Milton Manuel , Arrieta-Rivero Shirly , Carmona-Alvarado Farid 
Published: October 2022

Esta revisión sistemática tiene por objetivo determinar el alcance de las transformaciones o ajustes curriculares en las investigaciones donde la Educación Física (E.F.) es un elemento movilizador de la Convivencia Escolar (C.E.). Para tal efecto, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en Scopus, Taylor and Francis, Redalyc y Dialnet, identificándose 17 estudios relevantes de acuerdo a los criterios de inclusión previamente establecidos. Para el análisis de la información la metodología empleada fue la Teoría fundamentada (Strauss & Corbin, 1998), considerándose ésta como un enfoque pertinente para la síntesis de estudios teniendo en cuenta que las publicaciones se tratan como datos. Entre los principales hallazgos está, la importancia dada a referentes curriculares como el modelo cooperativo y los juegos sociomotores para el trabajo de la C.E. en sus diferentes enfoques. Finalmente, el cambio en la actuación educativa implica una práctica pedagógica orientada hacia la consolidación del aspecto corporal, social y afectivo desde el tránsito de las interacciones socio-culturales que favorezcan las condiciones de vida en comunidad
Palabras claves: Revisión sistemática, Educación Física, currículo, Convivencia Escolar, Escolares.
Abstract: This systematic review aims to determine the scope of curricular transformations or adjustments in research where Physical Education (PE) is a mobilising element of School Coexistence (SC). To this end, a systematic search was carried out in Scopus, Taylor and Francis, Redalyc and Dialnet, identifying 17 relevant studies according to the previously established inclusion criteria. For the analysis of the information, the methodology used was Grounded Theory (Strauss & Corbin, 1998), which is considered a relevant approach for the synthesis of studies, considering that the publications are treated as data. Among the main findings is the importance given to curricular references such as the cooperative model and the socio-motor games for the work of SC in its different approaches. Finally, the change in the educational performance implies a pedagogical practice oriented towards the consolidation of the corporal, social and affective aspect from the transit of the socio-cultural interactions that favour the conditions of life in community.
Keywords: Systematic Review, Physical Education, Curriculum, School Coexistence.
PENGARUH MEDIA SPARKOL VIDEOSCRIBE TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA MATA PELAJARAN SISTEM KOMPUTER KELAS X
Authors: Refonita Lova Aulia Savina , Yuliana Dyan , Jaya Firman 
Published: October 2022

Abstrak : Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi membuat siswa lebih suka belajar dengan sesuatu yang baru, mudah dan menarik seperti melihat gambar, video atau animasi pada tv, computer maupun gadget. Media pembelajaran menjadi factor yang sangat penting di dalam menunjang keberhasilan suatu proses belajar dan mengajar. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan salah satu guru di SMK Nurul Huda Kapongan, diperoleh informasi bahwa guru sering menggunakan media dalam proses pembelajaran sehingga dapat membantu siswa yang kurang memahami materi saat proses belajar. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan adalah dengan video sebagai media pembelajaran untuk menciptakan suasana kegembiraan peserta didik dalam belajar yang pada akhirnya dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Salah satu aplikasi yang bisa digunakan dalam pembelajaran adalah Sparkol videoscribe.dan hal itu dibuktikan oleh hasil uji hipotesis dari setiap variabel yang menghasikan adanya pengaruh antar variabel X dan variabel Y. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai koefisien korelasi (rhitung) sebesar 0,729 sedangkan rtabel dengan taraf signifikansi 5% pada N = 29 sebesar 0,367 yang berarti rhitung > rtabel sehingga dapat dikatakan ada pengaruh kuat terhadap media Sparkol Videoscribe terhadap motivasi belajar siswa.
Responses of CIPS/AIM noctilucent clouds to the interplanetary magnetic field
Authors: Zhang Liang , Tinsley Brian , Zhou Limin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract. This study investigates the link between the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) By component and the noctilucent clouds (NLCs) measured by the Cloud Imaging and Particle Size (CIPS) experiment onboard the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) satellite. The mean ice particle radius in NLCs is found to be positively correlated with IMF By in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) and negatively correlated with IMF By in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), respectively, on a day-to-day timescale in most of the 20 summer seasons during the 2007–2017 period with a near 0 d lag time, and the response in the SH is stronger than that in the NH. Moreover, the albedo, ice water content and frequency of occurrence of NLCs present positive correlation with IMF By in the SH but no significant correlation in the NH. The superposed epoch analysis (SEA) further indicates the rm on average changes by about 0.73 nm after IMF By reversals, which is significant at the 90 % confidence level in Monte Carlo sensitivity tests. Our results suggest an IMF By-driven pathway: the influence of the solar wind on the polar ionospheric electric potential affects the nucleation processes in NLCs and consequently the ice particle radius and NLC brightness.
Hygroscopicity and CCN potential of DMS-derived aerosol particles
Authors: Rosati Bernadette , Isokääntä Sini , Christiansen Sigurd , Jensen Mads Mørk , Moosakutty Shamjad P. , Wollesen de Jonge Robin , Massling Andreas , Glasius Marianne , Elm Jonas , Virtanen Annele , Bilde Merete 
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is emitted by phytoplankton species in the oceans and constitutes the largest source of naturally emitted sulfur to the atmosphere. The climate impact of secondary particles, formed through the oxidation of DMS by hydroxyl radicals, is still elusive. This study investigates the hygroscopicity and cloud condensation nuclei activity of such particles and discusses the results in relation to their chemical composition. We show that mean hygroscopicity parameters, κ, during an experiment for particles of 80 nm in diameter range from 0.46 to 0.52 or higher, as measured at both sub- and supersaturated water vapour conditions. Ageing of the particles leads to an increase in κ from, for example, 0.50 to 0.58 over the course of 3 h (Exp. 7). Aerosol mass spectrometer measurements from this study indicate that this change most probably stems from a change in chemical composition leading to slightly higher fractions of ammonium sulfate compared to methanesulfonic acid (MSA) within the particles with ageing time. Lowering the temperature to 258 K increases κ slightly, particularly for small particles. These κ values are well comparable to previously reported model values for MSA or mixtures between MSA and ammonium sulfate. Particle nucleation and growth rates suggest a clear temperature dependence, with slower rates at cold temperatures. Quantum chemical calculations show that gas-phase MSA clusters are predominantly not hydrated, even at high humidity conditions, indicating that their gas-phase chemistry should be independent of relative humidity.
Ozone depletion events in the Arctic spring of 2019: a new modeling approach to bromine emissions
Authors: Herrmann Maximilian , Schöne Moritz , Borger Christian , Warnach Simon , Wagner Thomas , Platt Ulrich , Gutheil Eva 
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Ozone depletion events (ODEs) are a common occurrence in the boundary layer during Arctic spring. Ozone is depleted by bromine species, which are most likely emitted from snow, sea ice, or aerosols in an autocatalytic reaction cycle.
Previous three-dimensional modeling studies of ODEs assumed an infinite bromine source at the ground.
In the present study, an alternative emission scheme is presented in which a finite amount of bromide in the snow is tracked over time. For this purpose, a modified version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) is used to study ODEs in the Arctic from February to May 2019. The model data are compared to in situ measurements, ozone sonde flights, and satellite data.
A simulation of the ODEs in the Arctic spring of 2009 using the infinite-bromide assumption on first-year (FY) ice is transferred to the spring of 2019, which
achieves good agreement with the observations; however, there is some disagreement in April 2009 and 2019 with respect to an overestimation concerning both the magnitude and the number of ODEs.
New simulations using the finite-bromide assumption greatly improve agreement with in situ observations at Utqiaġvik, Alaska, Zeppelin Mountain, Svalbard, and Pallas, Finland, in April 2019, suggesting that bromide on the sea ice is depleted to an extent that reduces the bromine release. The new simulations also slightly improve the agreement with observations at these sites in February and March. A comparison to measurements near Eureka, Canada, and Station Nord, Greenland, shows that multi-year ice and possibly snow-covered land may be significant bromine sources. However, assuming higher releasable bromide near Eureka does not remove all disagreement with the observations.
The numerical results are also compared to tropospheric-BrO vertical column densities generated with a
new retrieval method from TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) observations.
BrO vertical column densities (VCDs) above 5×1013 molec. cm−2
observed by the satellite agree well with the model results. However, the model also predicts BrO VCDs of around 3×1013 molec. cm−2 throughout the Arctic and patches of BrO VCDs of around 1014 molec. cm−2 not observed by the satellite, especially near Hudson Bay. This suggests that snow at Hudson Bay may be a weaker bromine source in late spring compared to snow in the north.
Upper-ocean flux of biogenic calcite produced by the Arctic planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma
Authors: Tell Franziska , Jonkers Lukas , Meilland Julie , Kucera Michal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract. With ongoing warming and sea ice loss, the Arctic Ocean
and its marginal seas as a habitat for pelagic calcifiers are changing,
possibly resulting in modifications of the regional carbonate cycle and the
composition of the seafloor sediment. A substantial part of the pelagic
carbonate production in the Arctic is due to the calcification of the
dominant planktonic foraminifera species Neogloboquadrina pachyderma. To quantify carbonate production
and loss in the upper water layer by this important Arctic calcifier, we
compile and analyse data from vertical profiles in the upper water column of
shell number concentration, sizes and weights of this species across
the Arctic region during summer. Our data are inconclusive on whether the
species performs ontogenetic vertical migration throughout its life cycle or
whether individual specimens calcify at a fixed depth within the vertical
habitat. The base of the productive zone of the species is on average
located below 100 m and at maximum at 300 m and is regionally highly
variable. The calcite flux immediately below the productive zone (export
flux) is on average 8 mg CaCO3 m−2 d−1, and we observe that
this flux is attenuated until at least 300 m below the base of the
productive zone by a mean rate of 6.6 % per 100 m. Regionally, the summer
export flux of N. pachyderma calcite varies by more than 2 orders of magnitude, and the
estimated mean export flux below the twilight zone is sufficient to account
for about a quarter of the total pelagic carbonate flux in the region. These
results indicate that estimates of the Arctic pelagic carbonate budget will
have to account for large regional differences in the export flux of the
major pelagic calcifiers and confirm that substantial attenuation of the
export flux occurs in the twilight zone.
Comparison of the green-to-desert Sahara transitions between the Holocene and the last interglacial
Authors: Li Huan , Renssen Hans , Roche Didier M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The desertification and vegetation feedbacks of the “green
Sahara” during the last interglacial (LIG) and the Holocene have been
investigated by many studies. Yet the abruptness of climate and vegetation
changes and their interactions are still under discussion. In this study, we
apply an Earth system model of intermediate complexity (iLOVECLIM) in
combination with two dynamical vegetation models (VECODE and LPJ-GUESS) to
simulate climate–vegetation changes during the Holocene and the LIG to
compare the patterns of North African vegetation evolutions and mechanisms
of their feedbacks during these two interglacials. Our results confirmed the
existence of the green Sahara during the early LIG, which is as an
analogue to the green Sahara during the Holocene. During both
interglacials, an overall consistent transition from vegetated Sahara to
desert is shown in our results, but the amplitudes of these transitions
vary. These simulated Sahara vegetation transitions are nearly linearly
related to the summer insolation declines at 20∘ N, resulting in
faster declines of vegetation cover during the LIG than in the Holocene. The
decline of vegetation cover peaks at 25% kyr−1 at around 122 ka, while
during the Holocene the steepest vegetation cover decline is 10 % kyr−1 at
around 6 ka. Our results suggest net positive vegetation feedbacks to
climate during the two interglacials. During the early LIG and Holocene,
vegetation strengthens precipitation by a factor of 2 to 3 through the
vegetation–albedo feedback when the vegetation cover is greater than 60 %.
Vegetation cover decreases with declines of the incoming moisture transport
by the atmosphere due to the reduced summer insolation at 20∘ N,
weakening the summer monsoon during both interglacials. This desertification
is accelerated when the positive vegetation–albedo feedback cannot offset
the reduction of precipitation due to a weaker summer monsoon. The impacts
of this positive vegetation feedback on precipitation decrease with
decreased vegetation cover, during which the impacts of negative
vegetation–evaporation feedbacks increase, accelerating the loss of soil
moisture and vegetation cover. Overall, the net positive vegetation feedback
is strong during the early phases of both interglacials, but the vegetation
transition is more abrupt during the LIG than during the Holocene due to the
more rapid changes in summer insolation during the LIG. The main difference
between the two interglacials is the rate of precipitation change, which is
relatively gradual during the Holocene, leading to a more gradual vegetation
transition in comparison to the LIG.
The 8.2 ka event in northern Spain: timing, structure and climatic impact from a multi-proxy speleothem record
Authors: Kilhavn Hege , Couchoud Isabelle , Drysdale Russell N. , Rossi Carlos , Hellstrom John , Arnaud Fabien , Wong Henri 
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The 8.2 ka event is regarded as the most prominent
climate anomaly of the Holocene and is thought to have been triggered by a
meltwater release to the North Atlantic that was of sufficient magnitude to
disrupt the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). It is most
clearly captured in Greenland ice-core records, where it is reported as a
cold and dry anomaly lasting ∼ 160 years, from 8.25 ± 0.05 until 8.09 ± 0.05 ka (Thomas et al., 2007). It is also
recorded in several archives in the North Atlantic region; however, its
interpreted timing, evolution and impacts vary significantly. This
inconsistency is commonly attributed to poorly constrained chronologies
and/or inadequately resolved time series. Here we present a high-resolution
speleothem record of early Holocene palaeoclimate from El Soplao Cave in
northern Spain, a region pertinent to studying the impacts of AMOC
perturbations on south-western Europe. We explore the timing and impact of
the 8.2 ka event on a decadal scale by coupling speleothem stable carbon and oxygen isotopic ratios, trace element ratios (Mg / Ca and Sr / Ca), and growth
rate. Throughout the entire speleothem record, δ18O variability
is related to changes in effective recharge. This is supported by the
pattern of changes in δ13C, Mg / Ca and growth rate. The 8.2 ka event is marked as a centennial-scale negative excursion in El Soplao δ18O, starting at 8.19 ± 0.06 ka and lasting until 8.05 ± 0.05 ka, suggesting increased recharge at the time. Although this is supported by the other proxies, the amplitude of the changes is minor and largely within the realm of variability over the preceding 1000 years. Further, the shift to lower δ18O leads the other proxies, which we interpret as the imprint of the change in the isotopic composition of the moisture source, associated with the meltwater flux to the North Atlantic. A comparison with other well-dated records from
south-western Europe reveals that the timing of the 8.2 ka event was
synchronous, with an error-weighted mean age for the onset of 8.23 ± 0.03 and 8.10 ± 0.05 ka for the end of the event. This compares favourably with the North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP) record. The comparison also reveals that the El Soplao δ18O is structurally similar to the other
archives in south-western Europe and the NGRIP ice-core record.