bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatially explicit estimation of soil organic carbon stock of an estuarine mangrove wetland of eastern India using elemental analysis and very-fine resolution satellite data
Authors: Datta Debajit , Bairagi Madhumita , Dey Mansa , Pal Argha Pratim , Gayen Jibananda 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
This study estimated the total soil organic C (SOC) stock of the wetland influence zone of Bichitrapur mangroves in eastern India in a spatially explicit manner. Both spatial and vertical distribution of SOC densities with respect to land use/land cover (LULC) pattern were assessed. Subsequently, some site-specific management strategies were forwarded towards enhancement of C sequestration potential.

Methods
The changing patterns of LULC within the wetland influence zone of the site were analyzed using Landsat TM (30 m) and Pleiades-1A (2 m) imageries from 1988 to 2018. Point-specific SOC measurement was done using samples taken from four core-depth intervals (viz. D1: 0–20 cm, D2: 20–40 cm, D3: 40–70 cm, D4: 70–100 cm) at 89 locations belonging to different LULC categories. Spatial interpolation was applied on this point-based data to produce SOC density and stock models as a whole and at all core-depths. Relationships between SOC density, core-depth and present LULC were evaluated through multivariate statistical analyses.

Results
The LULC transformations during last three decades suggested the gradual growth of mangrove plantations as well as agricultural and aquacultural activities. Most amount of SOC was concentrated in D1 (37.17%) followed by D3 (26.51%), while D4 had the lowest (10.87%). The highest mean SOC density was observed in the dense mangrove patches (248.92 Mg ha−1) and the lowest mean was in the Casuarina plantations (2.78 Mg ha−1). Here, Spline method emerged as the best-fit interpolation technique to model SOC data (R2 = 0.74) and estimated total SOC stock of the entire wetland influence zone as 169,569.40 Mg and the grand mean as 125.56 Mg ha−1. Overall, LULC was inferred as a major determinant of SOC dynamics with a statistically significant effect (p < 0.001), whereas no such inference could be drawn for soil core-depth.

Conclusions
The C sequestration potential of sites such as the present one could be increased with appropriate zone-wise plantation strategies, restriction on the land conversion to aquaculture and promotion of ecotourism. Periodic monitoring through integration of geospatial techniques and elemental analyses would be immensely beneficial in this regard.

Graphic Abstract
Arts-based co-production in participatory research: harnessing creativity in the tension between process and product
Authors: Phillips Louise , Christensen-Strynø Maria Bee , Frølunde Lisbeth 
Published: March 2022

Background:In participatory research approaches, co-researchers and university researchers aim to co-produce and disseminate knowledge across difference in order to contribute to social and practice change as well as research. The approaches often employ arts-based research methods to elicit experiential, embodied, affective, aesthetic ways of knowing. The use of arts-based research in co-production in participatory research is embedded in a contested discursive terrain. Here, it is embroiled in political struggles for legitimacy revolving around what counts as knowledge and whose knowledge counts.
Aims and objectives:The aim is to present and illustrate the use of a theoretical framework for analysing the complexities of co-production in the nexus between arts and research – with a focus on the overarching tension between cultivating the collaborative, creative process and producing specific research results. The article maps out the contested discursive terrain of arts-based co-production, and illustrates the use of the theoretical framework in analysis of a participatory research project about dance for people with Parkinson’s disease and their spouses.
Methods:The theoretical framework combines Bakhtin’s theory of dialogue, Foucault’s theory of power/knowledge and discourse, Wetherell’s theory of affect and emotion, and work in arts-based research on embodied, affective, aesthetic knowing.
Results:The analysis shows how arts-based processes of co-production elicit embodied, emotional, aesthetic knowing and with what consequences for the research-based knowledge and other outputs generated.
Discussion and conclusions:Trying to contribute to both research and practice entails navigating in a discursive terrain in which criteria for judging results, outputs and impact are often defined across conflicting discourses.
Effectiveness of pulse dose methyl prednisolone in management of COVID 19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
Authors: Mohanty Rashmi Ranjan , Biswa Mohan Padhy  , Meher Bikash Ranjan 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:
Till date, only systemic corticosteroids have demonstrated definite mortality benefit in management of COVID 19 in various studies. Still certain questions regarding the appropriate dose, duration and timing of corticosteroids remain unanswered. For this reason, the study was planned to determine the efficacy and safety of the pulse dose methyl prednisolone in management of COVID 19 from the publicly available evidence.
Methods:
PubMed, the Cochrane library, ClinicalTrials.gov and medRxiv were searched for articles reporting the use of pulse dose methyl prednisolone in COVID 19 from inception till 31st May, 2021. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for estimation of pooled effect by using random effect model and heterogeneity was checked by using I2 statistics.
Results:
Twelve studies (11 observational and 1 RCT) were included in the systematic review. A total of 3110 patients from 9 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Though the use of pulse dose methyl prednisolone demonstrated statistically significant mortality benefit in comparison to usual care (OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.51 to 0.97, [P=0.03]), (I2= 21%) with calculated Number needed to treat (NNT) of 23.5, there was no statistically significant difference between the use of pulse dose and low dose corticosteroid (OR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.44 to 1.01, [(P=0.05]), (I2= 25%) and the NNT is 23.5. Incidence of adverse events were similar across all the groups. The grade of evidence for primary outcome was of moderate certainty.
Conclusion:
This meta-analysis concurs with the previous reports regarding the use of corticosteroid in COVID 19 in comparison to usual care. However, for both the primary and secondary outcome, the study did not find any statistically significant difference between the use of pulse dose methyl prednisolone and low dose corticosteroid to treat COVID 19 patients
Correlation between Interleukin-1β serum level with severity of airway obstruction in Exacerbation Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Authors: Budi Mulya Nurfajar , Ilyas Muhamad , Arief Erwin , Djaharuddin Irawaty , Nurisyah Siti , Putrawan Harry Akza 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: To observe the relation between Interleukin-1β with exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Methods: This study was designed for a cross-sectional study. 65 acute exacerbation COPD patients were selected. The serum level of Interleukin-1β was recorded. Results: Most of the subjects are men (95,4%), moderate smokers (41,5%), normal BMI (61,5%), more than 60 years old (73,8%), have more than 2 exacerbations in a year (67%), severe airway obstruction (41,5%) and mostly in group D (80%). The mean level of Interleukin-1β was 1.63 pg/ml range from 0,009-17,62 pg/ml. Kruskal Wallis analysis test noticed significant differentiation mean serum level of Interleukin-1β in several groups of GOLD. p<0,05. There was no correlation between serum level of IL-1β with the severity of airway obstruction (GOLD) p>0.05. Conclusions: there was no correlation between the severity of airway obstruction with serum level of IL-1β in acute exacerbation of COPD. there was a vicious trend of increasing IL-1β serum level according to the severity of airway obstruction mainly seen in GOLD 2, GOLD 3, and GOLD 4.
Role of Oxysterols in the Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome as a
Potential Pharmacological Approach in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Martins Gabriela L. , Ferreira Cláudia N. , Palotás András , Rocha Natália P. , Reis Helton J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, is a complex clinical
condition with multifactorial origin posing a major burden to health care systems across the world.
Even though the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the disease are still unclear, both central
and peripheral inflammation has been implicated in the process. Piling evidence shows that the
nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome
is activated in AD. As dyslipidemia is a risk factor for dementia, and cholesterol can
also activate the inflammasome, a possible link between lipid levels and the NLRP3 inflammasome
has been proposed in Alzheimer's. It is also speculated that not only cholesterol but also its metabolites,
the oxysterols, may be involved in AD pathology. In this context, mounting data suggest that
NLRP3 inflammasome activity can be modulated by different peripheral nuclear receptors, including
liver-X receptors, which present oxysterols as endogenous ligands. In light of this, the current
review explores whether the activation of NLRP3 by nuclear receptors, mediated by oxysterols, may
also be involved in AD and could serve as a potential pharmacological avenue in dementia.
Naked Mole-Rat Cortex Maintains Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis
During In Vitro Hypoxia or Ischemia and Reperfusion
Authors: Eaton Liam , Wang Tina , Roy Maria , Pamenter Matthew E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Neuronal injury during acute hypoxia, ischemia, and following reperfusion are partially
attributable to oxidative damage caused by deleterious fluctuations of reactive oxygen species
(ROS). In particular, mitochondrial superoxide (O2•-) production is believed to upsurge during lowoxygen
conditions and also following reperfusion, before being dismutated to H2O2 and released into
the cell. However, disruptions of redox homeostasis may be beneficially attenuated in the brain of
hypoxia-tolerant species, such as the naked mole-rat (NMR, Heterocephalus glaber). As such, we
hypothesized that ROS homeostasis is better maintained in the brain of NMRs during severe hypoxic/
ischemic insults and following reperfusion. We predicted that NMR brain would not exhibit substantial
fluctuations in ROS during hypoxia or reoxygenation, unlike previous reports from hypoxiaintolerant
mouse brain. To test this hypothesis, we measured cortical ROS flux using corrected total
cell fluorescence measurements from live brain slices loaded with the MitoSOX red superoxide (O2•-)
indicator or chloromethyl 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (CM-H2-DCFDA; which fluoresces
with whole-cell hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production) during various low-oxygen treatments,
exogenous oxidative stress, and reperfusion. We found that NMR cortex maintained ROS
homeostasis during low-oxygen conditions, while mouse cortex exhibited a ~40% increase and a
~30% decrease in mitochondrial O2•- and cellular H2O2 production, respectively. Mitochondrial ROS
homeostasis in NMRs was only disrupted following sodium cyanide application, which was similarly
observed in mice. Our results suggest that NMRs have evolved strategies to maintain ROS homeostasis
during acute bouts of hypoxia and reoxygenation, potentially as an adaptation to life in an
intermittently hypoxic environment.
Class A and C GPCR Dimers in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Moreira Irina S. , Caniceiro Ana B. , Bueschbell Beatriz , Schiedel Anke C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Neurodegenerative diseases affect over 30 million people worldwide with an ascending
trend. Most individuals suffering from these irreversible brain damages belong to the elderly population,
with onset between 50 and 60 years. Although the pathophysiology of such diseases is partially
known, it remains unclear upon which point a disease turns degenerative. Moreover, current
therapeutics can treat some of the symptoms but often have severe side effects and become less effective
in long-term treatment. For many neurodegenerative diseases, the involvement of G proteincoupled
receptors (GPCRs), which are key players of neuronal transmission and plasticity, has become
clearer and holds great promise in elucidating their biological mechanism. With this review,
we introduce and summarize class A and class C GPCRs, known to form heterodimers or oligomers
to increase their signalling repertoire. Additionally, the examples discussed here were shown to display
relevant alterations in brain signalling and had already been associated with the pathophysiology
of certain neurodegenerative diseases. Lastly, we classified the heterodimers into two categories
of crosstalk, positive or negative, for which there is known evidence.
Inhibition of Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 Mediated Apoptosis: A Multimodal
Therapeutic Target in Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Unnisa Aziz , Greig Nigel H. , Kamal Mohammad Amjad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the significant causes of death and
morbidity, and it is hence a focus of translational research. Apoptosis plays an essential part
in the pathophysiology of TBI, and its inhibition may help overcome TBI’s negative
consequences and improve functional recovery. Whereas physiological neuronal death is
necessary for appropriate embryologic development and adult cell turnover, it can also
drive neurodegeneration. Caspases are principal mediators of cell death due to apoptosis
and are critical to the required cleavage of intracellular proteins of cells committed to die.
Caspase-3 is the major executioner Caspase of apoptosis and is regulated by a range of
cellular components during physiological and pathological conditions. Activation of
Caspase-3 causes proteolyzation of DNA repair proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, and the
inhibitor of Caspase-activated DNase (ICAD) during programmed cell death, resulting in
morphological alterations and DNA damage that define apoptosis. Caspase-9 is an
additional crucial part of the intrinsic pathway, activated in response to several stimuli.
Caspases can be altered post-translationally or by modulatory elements interacting with the
zymogenic or active form of a Caspase, preventing their activation and activity. The
necessity of Caspase-9 and -3 in diverse apoptotic situations suggests that mammalian cells
have at least four distinct apoptotic pathways. Continued investigation of these processes is
anticipated to disclose new Caspase regulatory mechanisms with consequences far beyond
apoptotic cell death control. The present review discusses various Caspase-dependent
apoptotic pathways and the treatment strategies to inhibit the Caspases potentially.
THE IMPACT OF SUCCINATE DERIVATIVE PHENSUCCINAL ON MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION AND REDOX STATUS IN THE HEART OF RATS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES
Authors: Gorbenko Nataliia , Borikov Oleksii , Ivanova Olha , Kiprych Tetiana , Taran Katerina 
Published: March 2022

Dysfunction of cardiac mitochondria appears to play a substantial role in cardiomyopathy and is a promising therapeutic target for many cardiovascular diseases. Persistent hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidemia are believed to be the main causes of increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions, fibrosis and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in diabetes. We have previously shown that the low-toxic succinate derivative – Phensuccinal (beta-phenylethylamide-2 hydroxy-succinanylic acid, Phe) possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of Phe on the mitochondrial function and oxidative status in the heart of rats with T2DM.
Materials and Methods. T2DM was induced in Wistar rats by a high-caloric diet during 14 weeks combined with intraperitoneal injections of 25 mg/kg streptozotocin twice per week. All diabetic animals were divided into two groups: treated with vehicle or with Phe (in dose 50 mg/kg/day) for four weeks after diabetes induction. Redox status of rats’ heart mitochondria was estimated by determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, GSH level and activity of antioxidant enzymes (Mn-superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase). Mitochondrial function was determined by activity of aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome C oxidase in rats’ cardiomyocytes.
Results. It was established that Phe inhibited oxidative stress in isolated heart mitochondria of rats with T2DM, which was confirmed by decreasing ROS production and increasing GSH level compared to diabetic rats. The use of Phe led to a normalization of antioxidant enzymes (Mn-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) activity in the heart of diabetic rats. In addition, Phe improved metabolic activity of the heart mitochondria activating aconitase and succinate dehydrogenase in cardiomyocytes. We can suggest that Phe ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction decreasing oxidative stress and preventing deficiency in complex II of ETC in the heart of rats with type 2 diabetes.
Conclusion. The data of the present study confirmed the positive effect of Phe on redox homeostasis and functional state of the heart mitochondria in diabetic rats. We suggest that the use of Phe may contribute to the amelioration of cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes
KERAJINAN KAPUK DI DESA TEGALLINGGAH, SUKASADA, BULELENG, BALI (Sejarah Kemunduran, Adaptasi dan Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Karakter Sebagai Sumber Bagi Pembelajaran Sejarah Di SMA/MA)
Authors: Yasa I gede beni aprisma , Atmadja Nengah bawa , Maryati Tuty 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengetahui mengapa kerajinan kapuk di Desa Tegallinggah mengalami kemunduran (2) Bagaimana pola adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh penggerajin kapuk (3) Nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter apa yang ada dibalik dinamika kerajinan kapuk di Desa Tegallinggah yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber belajar sejarah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan lokasi penelitian di desa Tegallinggah. Penentuan informan menggunakan purposive sampling dan snowball sampling, prosedur pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Kemunduran usaha kerajinan kasur dan bantal kapuk di desa Tegallinggah disebabkan oleh a) Tidak kompeten dalam manajerial, b) Kurang berpengalaman, c) Kurang dapat mengendalikan keuangan, d) Gagal dalam perencanaan, e) Lokasi yang kurang memadai, f) Kurangnya pengawasan peralatan, g) Sikap kurang sungguh-sungguh dalam berusaha, h) Ketidakmampuan dalam melakukan peralihan kewirausahaan. (2) Pola adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh para pengerajin kapuk yaitu: (a) Adaptasi kultural (b) Adaptasi srtuktural (c) Adaptasi proses produksi (d) Adaptasi sistem pemasaran. (3) Nilai nilai yang dipegang teguh oleh para pengerajin kapuk di desa Tegallinggah, dari 18 nilai pendidikan karakter menurut Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional (Kemendiknas) yang dimiliki oleh para pengerajin kapuk diantaranya religious, jujur, toleransi,disiplin, kerja keras, kreatif, rasa ingin tahu dan tanggung jawab.
PELABUHAN PENYEBRANGAN GILIMANUK DI DESA GILIMANUK KECAMATAN MELAYA KABUPATEN JEMBRANA (LINTASAN SEJARAH, DAMPAK SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN EKOLOGI, SERTA POTENSINYA SEBAGAI SUMBER PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH LOKAL DI SMA)
Authors: Agistin Duwi Maulida , Atmadja Nengah Bawa , Maryati Tuty 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Lintasan sejarah berdirinya pelabuhan penyebrangan Gilimanuk di Desa Gilimanuk, Jembrana, Bali (2) Dampak sosial, ekonomi, dan ekologi bagi masyarakat (3) Aspek-aspek dari keberadaan pelabuhan Gilimanuk yang memiliki potensi sebagai sumber belajar sejarah lokal di SMA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian sejarah dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif meliputi: (1) Lokasi penelitian terletak di pelabuhan penyebrangan Gilimanuk, Desa Gilimanuk, Jembrana, Bali. (2) Teknik penentuan informan menggunakan informan kunci, dikembangkan lagi mencari informan bantuan. (3) Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tiga teknik yaitu: observasi, wawancara,studi dokumen (4) Teknik penjaminan keaslian data dengan menggunakan dua teknik yaitu: triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode. (5) Teknik analisis data yang terdiri dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini lintasan sejarah pelabuhan penyebrangan Gilimanuk serta dampak sosial, ekonomi dan ekologi bagi masyarakat serta aspek-aspek dari keberadaan pelabuhan Gilimanuk yang memiliki potensi sebagai sumber belajar sejarah lokal di SMA.
MAKNA BELIS DALAM PERKAWINAN ADAT PADA MASYARAKAT GUMBANG DESA RIUNG KECAMATAN CIBAL, MANGGARAI SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR SEJARAH DI SMA
Authors: Kardila Maria Marisa , Arta Ketut Sedana , Yasa I Wayan Putra 
Published: March 2022

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk belis, fungsi belis, makna belis, dan potensi belis di kampung Gumbang sebagai sumber belajar sejarah di SMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan tahap-tahap (1) memilih lokasi penelitian di kampung Gumbang Desa riung, (2) teknik penetuan informan dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling dan juga Snow Ball, (3) teknik penjaminan keaslian data menggunakan Triagulasi Data dan Triagulasi Metode, (4) teknik pengumpulan dat dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, studi dokumentasi dan teknik analisis data. Hasil penelitian ini adala menunjukan bagaimana, (1) bentuk belis, terdiri dari 5 bentuk yaitu: kuda, kerbau, kambing, babi, dan uang. (2) fungsi belis, terdiri dari 4 fungsi yaitu: fungsi religious, fungsi sosial, fungsi ekonomi, dan fungsi pendidikan. (3) makna belis. Makna belis di kampung Gumbang ini sebagai tanda kehormataan laki-laki terhadapa perempuan dan orang tua perempuan maupung dengan keluarga besarnya. Adapun potensi dari tradisi belis berdasarkan hasil analisi kurikulum dan silabus ialah nilai religius, nilai peduli sosial, nilai tanggung jawab, nilai toleransi, nilai pesahabatan, nilai jujur, dan nilai kerja keras, yang selanjutnya akan disusun ke dalam Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) di SMA.