bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foaming and defoaming properties of CO2‐switchable surfactants
Authors: Poole Hailey , Jessop Philip G. , Stubenrauch Cosima 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe present study is about the foaming and defoaming properties of the CO2‐switchable surfactant N,N‐dimethyltetradecylamine (C14DMA) and its advantages compared with the non‐switchable counterpart tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C14TAB). In the absence of CO2, C14DMA is a water insoluble organic molecule without any surface activity thus being unable to stabilize foams. In the presence of CO2, the head group becomes protonated which transforms the water insoluble molecule into a cationic surfactant. Comparing the surface properties and foamability of C14DMA and C14TAB one finds a very similar behavior. However, the foam stabilities differ depending on the gas. Foaming the two‐surfactant solutions with CO2 leads to very unstable foams in both cases. However, foaming the two surfactant solutions with N2 reveals the switchability of C14DMA: while the volume of foams stabilized with C14TAB hardly changes over 1600 s, the volume of foams stabilized with C14DMA decreases significantly in the same period of time. This difference is due to the fact that the surface activity, that is, the amphiphilic nature, of C14DMA is continuously switching off since CO2 is displaced by N2 thus deprotonating and deactivating the surfactant.
Organic light‐emitting fibers and fabrics for truly wearable smart displays: Recent progress and future opportunities
Authors: Hwang Yong Ha , Kong Seong Uk , Kim Chan Young , Lee Junwoo , Cho Ha‐Eun , Jeong So Yeong , Choi Kyung Cheol 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSmart displays have been integrated into our daily life, providing new concepts of interconnections between humans and interactivity with close collaboration between users. As a centerpiece of this integration, textile displays that can be worn like clothes are being intensively developed and are poised to provide a more intimate and closer connection. Among various light sources that have been used in the field of textile displays, organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) have attracted considerable attention as one of the promising candidates for realizing truly wearable textile displays (i.e., wearing displays) in that they have shown the highest level of technical maturity, including high optoelectronic performance and flexibility, which can provide not only clear visual information and versatility regardless of the surrounding environment but have also been industrially proven. This review introduces the recent progress in OLED‐based textile displays and related technologies, with the discussion of challenges and limitations of the fiber‐ and fabric‐based approaches. Additionally, specific opinions are provided on research opportunities for organic light‐emitting textile displays, which can contribute to realizing truly wearable textile displays with a complete platform in the future.
Meme marketing: How can marketers drive better engagement using viral memes?
Authors: Malodia Suresh , Dhir Amandeep , Bilgihan Anil , Sinha Pranao , Tikoo Tanishka 
Published: June 2022

AbstractScholars and industry stakeholders have exhibited an interest in identifying the underlying dimensions of viral memes. However, the recipe for creating a viral meme remains obscure. This study makes a phenomenological contribution by examining viral memes, exploring the antecedents (i.e., content‐related factors, customer‐related factors, and media‐related factors), consequences, and moderating factors using a mixed‐method approach. The study presents a holistic framework for creating viral memes based on the perceptions of customers and industry stakeholders. Four quantitative studies (i.e., a lab experiment, an online quasi‐experiment, an event study, and a brand recall study) validate the theoretical model identified in the qualitative study. The research underlines the potential of viral memes in marketing communications as they enhance brand recall and brand engagement. The study found that viral memes are topical and highly relatable and are thus well received by the target groups, which increases customer engagement and brand recall. Marketers can adopt the findings of this study to design content for memes that consumers find relevant, iconic, humorous, and spreadable. Furthermore, marketers can use customer‐related factors suggested in the theoretical framework for enhancing escapism, social gratification, and content gratification for their target customers which in turn shall organically increase their reach within their target segments and enhance brand performance in terms of brand recall and brand engagement.
The consistent production routing problem
Authors: Alvarez Aldair , Cordeau Jean‐François , Jans Raf 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article introduces the consistent production routing problem in a setting with multiple plants and products. The problem consists in finding minimum‐cost production‐routing plans that also meet specific consistency requirements. In our context, consistency is defined as the degree to which some specified features of the solution remain invariant over time. We consider four forms of consistency, namely: driver, source, product, and plant consistency. For each of these consistency requirements, there is a target maximum value defining the decision‐maker's tolerance to deviations from a perfectly consistent solution. These targets are enforced as soft constraints whose violations need to be minimized when optimizing the integrated production and routing plan. We present a mathematical formulation for the problem and an exact branch‐and‐cut algorithm, enhanced with valid inequalities and specific branching priorities. We also propose a heuristic solution method based on iterated local search and several mathematical programming components. Experiments on a large benchmark set of newly introduced instances show that the enhancements substantially improve the performance of the exact algorithm and that the heuristic method performs robustly for production routing problems with different consistency requirements as well as for standard versions of the problem. We also analyze the cost‐consistency trade‐off of the solutions, confirming that it is possible to impose consistency without excessively increasing the cost. The results also reveal the impact of the first time period when optimizing and measuring the consistency features we study.
Triglyceride and glucose index is a simple and easy‐to‐calculate marker associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Kim Kyung‐Soo , Hong Sangmo , Ahn Hong‐Yup , Park Cheol‐Young 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using a large, population‐based cohort study database.MethodsA total of 52,575 participants were enrolled from 2007 to 2013 in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study cohort. The presence of NAFLD was ascertained by ultrasonography in the absence of other known liver diseases.ResultsOver a median 5.1 years of follow‐up, 7,292 participants (13.87%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. In a multivariate‐adjusted model, the hazard ratio for NAFLD of the TyG index was 1.413 (95% CI: 1.349‐1.480) in the first 6 months, 1.480 (95% CI: 1.408‐1.556) in months 6 to 12, 1.427 (95% CI: 1.370‐1.485) in months 12 to 18, and 1.246 (95% CI: 1.159‐1.339) in months >18. The hazard ratios of triglycerides, glucose, fatty liver index, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance for NAFLD in months >18 were 1.124 (95% CI: 1.061‐1.190), 1.037 (95% CI: 0.970‐1.109), 1.508 (95% CI: 1.417‐1.605), and 1.177 (95% CI: 1.116‐1.242), respectively. The NAFLD‐free rate decreased with increasing TyG index quartile (p < 0.001). The TyG index level from which the risk of NAFLD increased appeared to be 8.24.ConclusionsThis study found that the TyG index is a simple and easy‐to‐calculate marker associated with NAFLD.
Critical Evaluation of Reactive Force Fields for Vibrational Spectra: Case Study of Crystalline Cellulose Iβ
Authors: Liu Zhiyu , Chung Peter W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLattice dynamical calculations based on atomic potentials are used in the study of energetic materials for vibrational spectra. Features in the potential energy surface, however, can lead to negative eigenvalues of the dynamical matrix which can signify artifactual underlying dynamic or configurational instabilities or underconvergence. In this paper, using crystalline cellulose Iβ as a representative material, we show that a reactive force field (ReaxFF) necessarily yields structures associated with negative eigenvalues. We then propose a modification through a tapering function to eliminate barriers to potential energy minimization and thereby yield structures with no associated negative eigenvalues. Three particular ReaxFF parameterizations are evaluated with the tapering modification by comparing available electronic structure and experimental results from the literature. The newly minimized structures were evaluated using lattice properties, elastic constants, phonon dispersion, temperature‐dependent entropy, and heat capacity. Though the modification allows the models to produce only non‐imaginary vibrational spectra, the variations in computed properties can be large between the parameterizations, especially for those being used outside of the context for which the parameters were developed. Our calculations provide important information for the study of the phonon properties of molecular crystals such as cellulose and energetic materials.
Regulating the Crystallinity and Self‐Aggregation of Fused Ring Electron Acceptors via Branched Side‐Chain Engineering for Efficient Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Ouyang Jinyang , Wu Fan , Zhao Xiaoli , Yang Xiaoniu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFine‐tuning the crystallinity and self‐aggregation features of donors/acceptor materials toward high‐efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs) is of crucial importance. Here, a convenient yet effective way to simultaneously control the crystallinity and self‐aggregation of the fused ring electron acceptor (FREA) is demonstrated by altering the length of the first‐position branched alkyl chain on the cyclic unit. Specifically, three carbazole‐based FREAs, 4TC‐4F‐C6C6, 4TC‐4F‐C8C8, and 4TC‐4F‐C10C10, are synthesized by changing the length of the first‐position branched alkyl chain on the carbazole unit. The crystallinity of the studied acceptors decreases as the branched alkyl chain is lengthened. The ability of the acceptors to undergo self‐aggregation decreases in the order 4TC‐4F‐C10C10, 4TC‐4F‐C6C6, and 4TC‐4F‐C8C8. The medium crystallinity and lower self‐aggregation properties of 4TC‐4F‐C8C8 result in favorable phase separation when blended with poly‐[(2,6‐(4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl‐3‐fluoro)thiophen‐2‐yl)‐benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene))‐alt‐(5,5‐(1′,3′‐di‐2‐thienyl‐5′,7′‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)benzo[1′,2′‐c:4′,5′‐c′]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione))] (PM6), which is conducive to effective exciton dissociation and charge transport. Consequently, the OSC device based on PM6:4TC‐4F‐C8C8 delivers the best power conversion efficiency of 14.85%.
Gleitfeste Verbindungen mit Imperfektionen
Authors: Stranghöner Natalie , Makevičius Lukas , Flügge Wilko , Henkel Knuth‐Michael , Glienke Ralf , Dörre Maik , Schwarz Mathias , Rudolf Andrea , Fiedler Susanne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGeschraubte gleitfeste Verbindungen werden traditionell im Stahl‐ und Anlagenbau immer dann eingesetzt, wenn Schlupf und Verformung in den geschraubten Anschlüssen minimiert werden müssen. Die derzeitige Prüfprozedur der DIN EN 1090‐2, Anhang G ist auf das grundlegende Tragverhalten unter Laborbedingungen beschränkt. Seitens der Industrie treten wiederkehrend Fragestellungen auf, inwieweit fertigungs‐, montage‐ und betriebsbedingte Einflüsse bei der Ausführung von gleitfesten Verbindungen zu berücksichtigen sind, da diese die Wirtschaftlichkeit dieser Verbindungsform beeinträchtigen. Im Rahmen des IGF‐Forschungsvorhabens Nr. 19749 BG „Einfluss von fertigungs‐ und montagebedingten Imperfektionen auf das Tragverhalten geschraubter gleitfester Verbindungen im Stahlbau“ wurden systematische Untersuchungen an gleitfest vorgespannten Verbindungen der Kategorien B/C nach DIN EN 1993‐1‐8 vom Institut für Metall‐ und Leichtbau der Universität Duisburg‐Essen (IML) in Kooperation mit dem Fraunhofer‐Institut für Großstrukturen in der Produktionstechnik in Rostock (IGP) und dem Institut für Korrosionsschutz Dresden GmbH (IKS) durchgeführt. Hierbei wurden zunächst Referenzversuche ohne eingebrachte Imperfektionen vorgenommen und diese anschließend den Verbindungen mit künstlich hervorgerufenen Imperfektionen gegenübergestellt. Anhand der Versuchsergebnisse konnte der Einfluss verschiedener Imperfektionen auf das Tragverhalten gleitfester Schraubverbindungen im Stahlbau erfasst werden.
CT findings of bleeding from a canine gall bladder carcinoid tumour
Authors: Tanaka Toshiyuki , Akiyoshi Hideo , Hirata Shogo , Shimada Dai , Nishida Hidetaka 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA 10‐year‐old, male Boston terrier was presented with chronic haematemesis and melena. On computed tomography, a mass arising from the gall bladder was observed to be homogeneous and strongly enhanced compared with surrounding liver in the arterial phase. The attenuation of lesion around the mass in the gall bladder showed 60 Hounsfield units and no contrast enhancement. Endoscopic examination revealed haemorrhage around the duodenal papilla. Surgery revealed that the gall bladder was filled with a blood clot originating from the mass. Histopathology of the mass in the gall bladder revealed it to be a carcinoid tumour. The dog survived and remained disease‐free for 45 months without adjuvant chemotherapy.
Design and Validation of a Capability Measurement Instrument for DevOps Teams
Authors: Plant Olivia H. , van Hillegersberg Jos , Aldea Adina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper reports on the design and validation of a capability measurement instrument for software delivery teams that make use of the DevOps approach. The instrument is based on the results of a systematic literature review and was developed and validated by involving a total of five domain experts and conducting a field study among six DevOps team members. To this end, we used qualitative and survey-based data collection methods from participatory action research as well as design science. The resulting instrument encompasses five dimensions, covering seventeen capabilities and thirty-eight associated practices. The practices are evaluated on five capability levels. The results of the validation process indicate clear agreement of the domain experts and team members with all aspects of the instrument. As a contribution to practice, this research offers a pragmatic tool for IS practitioners which provides insight into the status of their DevOps transformation and offers directions for improving DevOps team performance. Furthermore, this research contributes to the ongoing research stream on DevOps by providing novel insights into the nature of DevOps capabilities and their potential configurations.
Investigating the Current State of Security in Large-Scale Agile Development
Authors: Nägele Sascha , Watzelt Jan-Philipp , Matthes Florian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAgile methods have become the established way to successfully handle changing requirements and time-to-market pressure, even in large-scale environments. Simultaneously, security has become an increasingly important concern due to more frequent and impactful incidents, stricter regulations with growing fines, and reputational damages. Despite its importance, research on how to address security in large-scale agile development is scarce. Therefore, this paper provides an empirical investigation on tackling software product security in large-scale agile environments. Based on a literature review and preliminary interviews, we identified four essential categories that impact how to handle security: (i) the structure of the agile program, (ii) security governance, (iii) adaptions of security activities to agile processes, and (iv) tool-support and automation. We conducted semi-structured interviews with nine experts from nine companies in five industries based on these categories. We performed a content-structuring qualitative analysis to reveal recurring patterns of best practices and challenges in those categories and identify differences between organizations. Among the key findings is that the analyzed organizations introduce cross-team security-focused roles collaborating with agile teams and use automation where possible. Moreover, security governance is still driven top-down, which conflicts with team autonomy in agile settings.
Work Engagement in Agile Teams: The Missing Link Between Team Autonomy, Trust, and Performance?
Authors: Buvik Marte Pettersen , Tkalich Anastasiia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo have engaged and high-performing agile teams are what most organizations strive for. At the same time, there is little research on the drivers of team work engagement in the software context. Team autonomy and trust are crucial for agile teams and are suggested as potential boosters of team work engagement and performance. In this study, we apply the Job Demands-Resources model to examine the role of autonomy and trust and their impact on work engagement and team performance in agile teams. We analyze quantitative survey data from 236 team members in 43 agile teams to examine how team autonomy and trust relate to team work engagement and how engagement mediates the relationship between these factors and performance. Our results show that while both autonomy and trust are positively related to team work engagement, team trust plays a more critical role than team autonomy. Teams with high team trust showed higher engagement, which enhanced team performance. Our results highlight the importance of social factors such as trust in creating conditions for high performance in agile teams through its effect on team work engagement.
Open Issues and Conclusions
Authors: Mantelero Alessandro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHaving discussed in previous chapters the valuable contribution that an assessment model encompassing human rights, ethical and societal issues can provide to the development and regulation of AI, these concluding remarks address some of the challenges we face in implementing this approach in tangible reality. The focus on future global regulatory scenarios in the field of AI shows how the holistic HRESIA model, which includes the contextualisation of human rights and socio-ethical values in a given area, could be an effective answer for both the countries which have a human rights-based AI regulation and those who do not. In addition, holistic assessment and values-oriented design procedures can build trust in the development of AI, addressing the increasing public concern for invasive and pervasive AI applications, as well as the growing attention of policy makers to the side effects of AI use in the presence of concentration of power in digital services.
Introduction
Authors: Nishi Maiko , Subramanian Suneetha M. , Gupta Himangana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter provides a context for discussing the relevance of socio-ecological production landscapes and seascapes (SEPLS) to the nexus between biodiversity, health, and sustainable development. It begins with an introduction to the idea of a nexus approach to landscape and seascape management, which can help minimise trade-offs and create synergies among different sectors and various global goals for sustainability. With a view to the multiple benefits derived from SEPLS, which extend beyond biodiversity conservation to human and ecosystem health, the chapter then explores how SEPLS management on the ground can contribute to more sustainable management of natural resources, achievement of global targets for biodiversity and sustainable development, and good health for all. Finally, it describes the scope, objectives, and structure of the book, including an overview of the case studies compiled in the subsequent chapters.
Reducing Commodity-Driven Biodiversity Loss: The Case of Pesticide Use and Impacts on Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes (SEPLs) in Ghana
Authors: Osei-Owusu Yaw , Owusu-Achiaw Raymond , Osei-Owusu Paa Kofi , Atayi Julia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGhana’s Western North and Central Regions are biodiversity-rich landscapes. Cocoa is a major commodity produced in these two regions, accounting for over 50% of Ghana’s cocoa output. As part of the efforts to further improve productivity and ecological health of the landscape, the Government of Ghana initiated the Cocoa Disease and Pests Control Programme primarily to control cocoa pests and diseases, including the use of pesticides. In recent times, however, there has been an upsurge in the use of highly hazardous pesticides (HHPs) that have far-reaching consequences on human and ecological health of the cocoa production landscape. To gain a better understanding of pesticide-use patterns on cocoa farms and address HHP-driven biodiversity loss, Conservation Alliance International (CA) conducted a study within the landscape. The study was based on both qualitative and quantitative research approaches to understand pesticide use and resulting impacts on human and ecological health. In all, 306 cocoa farmers were surveyed. Analysis of the data revealed that about 81% of the cocoa farmers use pesticides to address pests and diseases, causing visible impacts on humans and the environment, including skin irritation, eye irritation, and death of pollinators. Pesticide use was exacerbated by the adverse economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Policymakers are therefore advised to take steps to phase out HHPs, promote integrated pest management, and tackle the spread of COVID-19 infections.
Linking Biocultural Memory Conservation and Human Well-Being in Indigenous Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes in the Colombian Pacific Region
Authors: Quintero-Angel Andrés , López-Rosada Andrés , Quintero-Angel Mauricio , Quintero-Angel David , Mendoza-Salazar Diana , Rodríguez-Díaz Sara Catalina , Orjuela-Salazar Sebastian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Colombian Pacific region is one of the most biodiverse areas in the world; however, it is severely threatened by anthropogenic pressures. In addition, armed conflict and poverty are compounding factors causing the loss of biodiversity and cultural identity. In response to this situation, theWounaan-Nonamoriginal people of Puerto Pizario and Santa Rosa de Guayacán declared five Indigenous Protected Areas (IPA) in 2008. We conducted a study to highlight the link between the conservation of biocultural memory and contributions to human well-being, particularly to human health, in indigenous socio-ecological production landscapes and seascapes (SEPLS). Since 2013, the research-action-participation methodology has been applied to recover ecological traditional knowledge on how ancestors managed nature and elements associated with their cosmovision. Following the TNC conservation of areas methodology, eight biological and cultural conservation values were identified for the IPAs and 5-year management plans for conservation were formulated. As a result of this process, we created a tool that involves traditional knowledge to administer the total 1850 hectares covered by the five IPAs. We also found that the main challenges faced by indigenous communities in the management of IPAs as an integral part of the indigenous SEPLS are associated with weak organisational and governance processes. Additionally, we identified the main opportunities ecosystem services offer in the IPAs, which enhance the quality of life and health of the original peoples and ecosystems at a regional level. Finally, the making of handicrafts is identified as an opportunity in these SELPS, as it represents an alternative for generating income through sustainable productive chains in biotrade strategies.