bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Flow Cytometry Study of Cellular Immunity in Rhesus Monkeys after Experimental Infection with SARS CoV 2 Virus
Authors: Borisevich G. V. , Kirillova S. L. , Shatokhina I. V. , Lebedev V. N. , Solov’ev S. S. , Syromyatnikova S. I. , Shagarova N. V. , Boyarskaya N. V. , Levkovich N. G. , Solyanik D. A. , Andrus A. F. , Rubtsov V. V. , Krotkov V. T. , Kulish V. S. , Surovyatkina I. V. , Kirillov V. B. , Koval’chuk A. V. , Pantyukhov V. B. , Kutaev D. A. , Borisevich S. V. 
Published: November 2022

Cellular immunity plays an important role in the pathogenesis and formation of protective immune defense against the SARS‑CoV‑2 virus.The aim of the work was to study the cellular immunity of rhesus monkeys applying flow cytometry after experimental infection with the SARS‑CoV‑2 virus.Materials and methods. Male rhesus monkeys were intranasally inoculated with the SARS‑CoV‑2 virus, Isolate B strain and hCoV-19/Russia/SP48-1226/2020 strain (abbreviated name U-2), at a dose of 5.0 lg PFU. Using flow cytometry, the levels of 21 populations/subpopulations of mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood of animals were determined before experimental infection with the pathogen and on day 14 after infection. SARS‑CoV‑2 coronavirus RNA was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Determination of the titer of virus-neutralizing antibodies to the SARS‑CoV‑2 virus in the blood sera of animals was conducted through neutralization test evaluating the ability to suppress negative colonies.Results and discussion. Infection with Isolate B strain culture has led to an increase in the relative content of total T-lymphocytes (p˂0.2), cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (p˂0.1), as well as monocytes expressing the early activation marker CD25 (p˂0.2). The decrease in levels has been observed for total B-lymphocytes (p˂0.2) and T-helper cells (p˂0.1). Infection with the U-2 strain culture revealed an increase in the relative content of monocytes expressing the early activation marker CD25 (p˂0.2). Thus, for the first time in the Russian Federation, flow cytometry was used to study the cellular immunity of rhesus monkeys before and after experimental infection with the SARS‑CoV‑2 virus. The obtained information can be used for studying the pathogenesis of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection, course, and outcome of the disease, and developing strategies for vaccination and treatment.
Life-Cycle Production Optimization of the CO2-Water-Alternating-Gas Injection Process Using Least-Squares Support-Vector Regression Proxy
Authors: Almasov Azad , Onur Mustafa 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn this study, we present a framework for efficient estimation of the optimal carbon dioxide (CO2)-water-alternating-gas (WAG) parameters for robust production-optimization problems by replacing a high-fidelity model with a least-squares support-vector regression (LS-SVR) model. We provide insight and information on the proper selection of feature space and training samples of the LS-SVR proxy model for the CO2-WAG life cycle production optimization problem. Given a set of training points generated from high-fidelity model-based simulation results, an LS-SVR-based proxy model is built to approximate a reservoir-simulation model. The estimated optimal design parameters are then found by maximizing net present value (NPV) using the LS-SVR proxy as the forward model within an iterative-sampling-refinement (ISR) optimization algorithm that is designed specifically to promote the accuracy of the proxy model for robust production optimization. As an optimization tool, the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method is used. CO2-WAG design variables are CO2 injection and water injection rates for each injection well at each cycle, production bottomhole pressure (BHP) for each production well at each WAG half-cycle, and inflow control valve (ICV) for each well at each WAG half-cycle and at each valve. We study different scenarios where we fix some of the design variables to investigate the importance of design variables on the life cycle production optimization of the CO2-WAG problem. We compare the performance of the proposed method using the LS-SVR runs with the popular stochastic simplex approximate gradient (StoSAG) and reservoir simulation runs for a synthetic example considering a three-layer, channelized reservoir with four injectors and nine producers. Results show that with the properly selected feature space and training points, the proposed LS-SVR-based ISR optimization framework is at least 1.5–8 times computationally more efficient, depending on the cases considered, than the StoSAG using a high-fidelity numerical simulator. However, we observe that the size and sampling of the training data, as well as the selection of well controls and their bound constraints for the well controls, seem to be influential on the performance of the LS-SVR-based optimization method. This is the first LS-SVR application to the CO2-WAG optimal well-control problem. The proposed LS-SVR-based ISR optimization framework has the potential to be used as an efficient tool for the CO2-WAG optimization problem.
Middle East Capital Projects Struggle with Schedule Performance
Authors: Kiomjian Daoud , Gachter Rolando 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Schedule predictability has always been a problematic aspect of capital projects. This is particularly true for the GCC region, as IPA's data indicate that execution durations are typically longer than planned in the quickly developing region. Longer execution durations become particularly problematic for oil and gas projects, a predominant industry for projects in the GCC. The number of oil and gas projects in the GCC will likely grow due to the current boom in oil prices. Hydrocarbon projects will also have higher global visibility as some National Oil Companies are becoming public entities and planning such projects will put them under more scrutiny. In this work, we will explore scheduling practices driving oil and gas projects in the GCC region. We will particularly focus on the factors falling within the control of organizations and project teams.
Central-line associated bloodstream infections in intensive care units before and after implementation of daily antiseptic bathing with chlorhexidine or octenidine - A post-hoc analysis of a cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Denkel Luisa Anna , Schwab Frank , Clausmeyer Jörg , Behnke Michael , Golembus Jennifer , Wolke Solvy , Gastmeier Petra , Geffers Christine 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds: Antiseptic bathing did not reduce central-line (CL) associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates in intensive care units (ICU) according to a recent cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT). However, this analysis did not consider baseline infection rates. Our post-hoc analysis of this cRCT aimed to use a before-after comparison to examine the effect of daily bathing with chlorhexidine, octenidine or water and soap (control) on ICU-attributable CLABSI rates.
Methods: A post-hoc analysis of a multi-center cRCT was done. ICUs that did not yet perform routine antiseptic bathing were randomly assigned to one of three study groups applying daily bathing with 2% chlorhexidine-impregnated cloths, 0.08% octenidine wash mitts or water and soap (control) for 12 months. Baseline data was assessed 12 months before the intervention started when all ICUs routinely used water and soap. Poisson regression and generalised estimating equation (GEE) models were applied to identify changes of CLABSI rates per 1000 CL days between intervention and baseline periods in each study group.
Results: The cRCT was conducted in 72 ICUs (24 per study group) including 76,139 patients in baseline and 76,815 patients in intervention period. In the chlorhexidine group, incidence density of CLABSI was reduced from 1.48 to 0.90 CLABSI per 1000 CL days comparing baseline versus intervention period (p = 0.0085). No reduction was observed in the octenidine group (1.26 versus 1.47 CLABSI per 1000 CL days, p = 0.8735) and the control group (1.20 versus 1.17, p = 0.3298). Adjusted incidence rate ratios (intervention versus baseline) were 0.63 (95%CI 0.46 – 0.87, p=0.0172) in the chlorhexidine, 1.17 (95%CI 0.79 – 1.72, p=0.5111) in the octenidine and 0.98 (95%CI 0.60 – 1.58, p=0.9190) in the control group. The preventive effect of chlorhexidine was particularly found in ICUs with ≥0.8 CLABSI per 1000 CL days at baseline.
Conclusions: This post hoc before-after analysis of a cluster-randomised decolonisation trial suggests that especially ICUs with CLABSI rates ≥0.8 but not < 0.8 CLABSI per 1000 CL might benefit from application of 2% chlorhexidine-impregnated cloths. Antiseptic bathing with 0.08% octenidine wash mitts did not reduce ICU-attributable CLABSI.
Trial registration: Registration number DRKS00010475, registration date August 18, 2016
Chronic hypoxia leads to cognitive impairment by promoting HIF-2α-mediated ceramide catabolism and alpha-synuclein hyperphosphorylation
Authors: Ji Xunming , Li Gaifen , Liu Jia , Guo Mengyuan , Gu Yakun , Guan Yuying , Shao Qianqian , Ma Wei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Chronic hypoxia leads to irreversible cognitive impairment, primarily due to hippocampal neurodegeneration, for which the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. We administered hypoxia (13%) to C57BL mice for 1–14 days in this study. Chronic hypoxia for 7 or 14d, but not 1 or 3d, resulted in alpha-synuclein hyperphosphorylation at serine129 (α-Syn p-S129) and protein aggregation, hippocampal neurodegeneration, and cognitive deficits, whereas the latter could be prevented by alpha-synuclein knockdown or an administered short peptide competing at α-Syn S129. These results suggest that α-Syn p-S129 mediates hippocampal degeneration and cognitive impairment following chronic hypoxia. Furthermore, we found that chronic hypoxia enhanced ceramide catabolism by inducing hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α and HIF-2α-dependent transcriptional activation of alkaline ceramidase 2 (Acer2). Thus, the enzymatic activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a specific phosphatase for α-syn, is inhibited, leading to the sustained induction of α-Syn p-S129. Finally, we found that intermittent hypoxic preconditioning protected against subsequent chronic hypoxia-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment by preventing α-Syn p-S129. These results proved the critical role of α-syn pathology in chronic hypoxia-afforded cognitive impairment and revealed a novel mechanism underlying α-syn hyperphosphorylation during chronic hypoxia. The findings bear implications in developing novel therapeutic interventions for chronic hypoxia-related brain disorders.
Genetic inhibition of CARD9 accelerates the development of experimental atherosclerosis through CD36 dependent-defective autophagy
Authors: ZHANG Yujiao , Vandestienne Marie , Lavillegrand Jean-Rémi , Joffre Jeremie , Santos-Zas Icia , Lavelle Aonghus , Zhong Xiadan , Goff Wilfried Le , Guerin Maryse , Lenoir Olivia , Laurans Ludivine , Bruneval Patrick , Guérin Coralie , Diedisheim Marc , Migaud Melanie , Puel Anne , Lanternier Fanny , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Cochain Clement , Zernecke Alma , Saliba Antoine-Emmanuel , Silvestre Jean-sébastien , Tedgui Alain , Mallat Ziad , Taleb Soraya , Vindis Cecile , Camus Stephane , Sokol Harry , Ait-Oufella Hafid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Macrophage-mediated innate immune responses contribute to the initiation, progression and complications of atherosclerosis. However, the underlying pathways linking activation of macrophages to atherosclerotic plaque develoment are still poorly understood. We hypothesized that activation of caspase recruitment-domain containing protein 9 (CARD9) plays a determinant role in pro-atherogenic responses in macrophages. We showed that global deletion of Card9 in male Apoe−/− mice as well as hematopoietic deletion of Card9 in female Ldlr−/− mice increased atherosclerosis. Card9−/− chimeric animals displayed more inflammatory atherosclerotic plaques and decreased systemic Th17 responses when compared to Card9+/+ chimeric mice. The acceleration of atherosclerosis was also observed in Apoe−/−Rag2−/−Card9−/− mice lacking T, B, and NKT cells, ruling out a role for the adaptive immune system in the pro-atherogenic effect of Card9 deficiency. Card9 deficiency altered macrophage phenotype with increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, improved lipid uptake, higher cell death susceptibility and defective autophagy. Rapamycin or metformin, two autophagy inducers, abolished intracellular lipid overload, restored macrophage survival and autophagy flux in vitro and finally abolished the pro-atherogenic effects of Card9 deficiency in vivo. Card9 deficiency up-regulated Cd36 expression in macrophages, which blocked AMPK phosphorylation, a key inducer of autophagy. In the absence of Cd36, the pro-atherogenic effects of Card9 deficiency were blunted both in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptomic analysis of human monocytes isolated from CARD9-deficient patients confirmed the pathogenic signature identified in murine models. In summary, we identified CARD9 signaling as a key protective pathway in atherosclerosis, modulating macrophage CD36-dependent inflammatory responses, lipid uptake and autophagy.
Detecting Schizophrenia With 3D Structural Brain MRI Using Deep Learning
Authors: Zhang Junhao , Rao Vishwanatha , Tian Ye , Yang Yanting , Acosta Nicolas , Wan Zihan , Lee Pin-Yu , Zhang Chloe , Kegeles Lawrence , Small Scott A. , Guo Jia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder that causes distinct structural alterations within thebrain. We hypothesize that deep learning applied to a structural neuroimaging dataset could detectdisease-related alteration and improve classification and diagnostic accuracy. We tested this hypothesis usinga single, widely available, and conventional T1-weighted MRI scan, from which we extracted the 3Dwhole-brain structure using standard post-processing methods. A deep learning model was then developed,optimized, and evaluated on three open datasets with T1-weighted MRI scans of patients with schizophrenia.Our proposed model outperformed the benchmark model, which was also trained with structural MR imagesusing a 3D CNN architecture. Our model is capable of almost perfectly (area under the ROC curve = 0.987)distinguishing schizophrenia patients from healthy controls on unseen structural MRI scans. Regionalanalysis localized subcortical regions and ventricles as the most predictive brain regions. Subcorticalstructures serve a pivotal role in cognitive, affective, and social functions in humans, and structuralabnormalities of these regions have been associated with schizophrenia. Our finding corroborates thatschizophrenia is associated with widespread alterations in subcortical brain structure and the subcorticalstructural information provides prominent features in diagnostic classification. Together, these results furtherdemonstrate the potential of deep learning to improve schizophrenia diagnosis and identify its structuralneuroimaging signatures from a single, standard T1-weighted brain MRI.
Metachronous adenocarcinoma at stoma site 50 years after abdominoperineal resection for carcinoma rectum – A case report and review of literature
Authors: SL Harilal , Konan Bharat , Pottakkat Biju , Raja Kalayarasan , M Priyanka 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Stoma site carcinomas are rare tumors, most of which are metachronous cancers of the colon. Due to the rarity of the condition, evidence-based guidelines are yet to be formulated. The patient and the enterostomal therapist must be aware of stomal tumors to facilitate early intervention, as most tumors are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Therefore, here we describe a case of stomal carcinoma post abdominoperineal resection and its successful management. We also review similar cases reported in the literature.
Case
A 72-year-old male presented with a nodule over the stoma site of two months duration. He had undergone abdominoperineal resection with end descending colostomy in 1970 for rectal cancer. Examination revealed multiple nodular ulceroproliferative lesions from 9 o'clock to 3 o'clock position. Colonoscopy and staging with whole-body positron emission tomography combined with a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (PET-CT) ruled out other lesions and lymph nodal or distant metastases. Wide local excision and refashioning of stoma were performed. Histopathological examination revealed stage I metachronous descending colon cancer. His postoperative course was uneventful, and there is no evidence of tumor recurrence at three years of follow-up.
Conclusion
A primary adenocarcinoma originating from a colostomy site is rare but can occur many years after the end of the recommended postoperative follow-up period. It is essential to train ostomates to monitor the stoma for possible tumors to facilitate early diagnosis and to recognize the impact of such a recurrence on survival and quality of life.
Vertical distribution, environmental occurrence and risk assessment of organic pollutants in lacustrine sediments in southeast China
Authors: Lang Xiulu , Yu Kangkang , Zhao Zihan , Chen Yan , Tian Jiaming , Zhang Mingli , Wang Yanhua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To clarify environmental occurrence and ecological risks of Zhushan Bay in Taihu Lake, the characteristics of deposited organic materials (elements and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (∑16PAHs) in a 93-cm sediment core from Taihu Lake were determined. The results showed that the values of nitrogen (N), carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and sulphur (S) ranged from 0.08%~0.3%, 0.83%~3.6%, 0.63%~1.12%, and 0.02%~0.24%, respectively. Significant changes in most elements at 50 cm depth due to changes in endogenous input, accompanied by algal blooms. The concentration of ∑16PAHs was in a range of 1807.48 ~ 4674.83 ng g− 1, showing a downward trend with the deepening of the depth, accompanied by fluctuations. The 3-ring PAHs had obvious advantages in surface sediment. Affected by various factors, the change of PAHs concentration also mainly appeared at 50cm depth and it was estimated to occur in the 1900s. The ratio of PAH monomer and PCA results showed that the combustion of fossil fuels was the main source of PAHs in the sediments. The results of the toxicity analysis indicated that most of the PAH monomers had little impact on the ecology, and a small number of monomers were increasing year by year and close to the ERM value, which should be controlled and paid attention to.
Breaking the trade-off between triplet up-conversion and singlet radiation in TADF emitters using multiresonance bridge
Authors: Meng Guoyun , Dai Hengyi , Wang Qi , Zhou Jianping , Fan Tianjiao , Zeng Xuan , Wang Xiang , Zhang Yuewei , Yang Dezhi , Ma Dongge , Zhang Dongdong , Duan Lian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe pursuit of ideal thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters is hampered by the mutual exclusion of a small singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST) and a large oscillator strength (f). Here, we report a novel donor-multiresonance bridge-acceptor (D-MR-A) molecular design strategy to break this trade-off. The incorporation of a MR-bridged acceptor onto a sterically-uncrowded donor creates a hybrid orbital distribution combining a short-range MR charge transfer (CT) on the bridge and a long-range donor-to-acceptor CT, thus leading to a small ΔESTand a largefsimultaneously. Moreover, incorporating dual MR-A groups is found to double thefvalue without affecting ΔEST. A large radiative decay rate over an order of magnitude higher than the intersystem crossing (ISC) rate, and a decent reverse ISC rate of > 106s− 1are thereafter obtained in a proof-of-concept emitter, leading to a short-delayed lifetime(τD) of only 0.88 µs. The corresponding organic light-emitting diode exhibits a record high maximum external quantum efficiency of 41.2% with alleviated efficiency roll-off and extended lifetime.
Effect of socioeconomic status on survival in osteoporotic women: Findings from a Taiwan nationwide cohort
Authors: Chuang Wan Chi , Chu Chih Hsun , Hsu Ying Hsin , Yao Cai Sin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Osteoporosis is a recognized major threat to public health. Socioeconomic status (SES) is an important factors affecting health, and a confirmed predictor of various diseases and death. This study aimed to determine the relationship between survival and SES among osteoporotic women in Taiwan.
Methods
A cohort population-based study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan from 2008 to 2013. The study subjects were women aged ≥ 50 years with osteoporosis identified from either a previously-documented diagnosis or osteoporosis-related fractures according to diagnostic codes. We designated individual SES and neighborhood SES by each patient’s job category and household income, characterizing each as advantaged or disadvantaged. Then, we compared the survival rates by SES group using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for risk factors.
Results
This study included 21,546 women aged ≥ 50 years with osteoporosis. In terms of 5-year overall survival, osteoporotic patients with low individual SES living in disadvantaged neighborhoods were riskier of mortality than those with high SES living in disadvantaged neighborhoods, after adjustment for age and comorbidity. Osteoporotic women with low individual SES living in disadvantaged neighborhoods had no significant difference of mortality as those with low individual SES living in advantaged neighborhoods.
Conclusions
In this study, we found that individual SES, but not neighborhood SES, had worst survival rate and was associated with an increased mortality rate in osteoporotic women.
Improving Wikipedia Verifiability with AI
Authors: Petroni Fabio , Broscheit Samuel , Piktus Aleksandra , Lewis Patrick , Izacard Gautier , Hosseini Lucas , Dwivedi-Yu Jane , Lomeli Maria , Schick Timo , Mazaré Pierre-Emmanuel , Joulin Armand , Grave Edouard , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Verifiability is a core content policy of Wikipedia: claims that are likely to be challenged need to be backed by citations. There are millions of articles available online and thousands of new articles are released each month. For this reason, finding relevant sources is a difficult task: many claims do not have any references that support them. Furthermore, even existing citations might not support a given claim or become obsolete once the original source is updated or deleted. Hence, maintaining and improving the quality of Wikipedia references is an important challenge and there is a pressing need for better tools to assist humans in this effort. Here, we show that the process of improving references can be tackled with the help of artificial intelligence (AI). We develop a neural network based system, called Side, to identify Wikipedia citations that are unlikely to support their claims, and subsequently recommend better ones from the web.
We train this model on existing Wikipedia references, therefore learning from the contributions and combined wisdom of thousands of Wikipedia editors. Using crowd-sourcing, we observe that for the top 10% most likely citations to be tagged as unverifiable by our system, humans prefer our system's suggested alternatives compared to the originally cited reference 70% of the time. To validate the applicability of our system, we built a demo to engage with the English-speaking Wikipedia community and find that Side's first citation recommendation collects double the preferences of the existing Wikipedia citation for the same top 10% most likely unverifiable claims according to Side. Our results indicate that an AI-based system could be used, in tandem with humans, to improve the verifiability of Wikipedia. More generally, we hope that our work can be used to assist fact checking efforts and increase the general trustworthiness of information online. All our code, data, indexes and models are publicly available at https://github.com/facebookresearch/side.