bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulated large joint fluid model for evaluating intra-articular antibiotic delivery systems: initial evaluation using antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate beads
Authors: McPherson Edward J. , Jennings Jessica A. , Yunis Omar , Harris Michael A. , Dipane Matthew V. , Curtin Nora L. , Chowdhry Madhav , Wassef Andrew J. , Bumgardner Joel D. , Noel Scott P. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Introduction: Local antimicrobial delivery via calcium sulfate
(CaSO4) beads is used as an adjunctive treatment for periprosthetic
joint infection. There is limited clinical information describing the
performance of antimicrobial-loaded CaSO4 (ALCS) in large-scale applications. We developed a simulated large joint model to study properties
of eluting ALCS. Methods: The in vitro testing platform was an adapted
standardized model for tribological testing of prosthetic total hips and
total knees (ASTM F732). The model was 70 mL total fluid volume, 25 % bovine serum, and 75 % phosphate-buffered saline, using ISO standard 14242-1 for human synovial fluid simulation. Four brands of CaSO4 were
evaluated. Each 10 mL of CaSO4 was loaded with 1.2 grams (g) of tobramycin and 1 g of vancomycin powders. A 35 mL bead volume, equaling 175 beads, of each product was placed in incubated flasks. The test period was 6 weeks with scheduled interval fluid exchanges. Fluid samples were tested
for antibiotic and calcium concentrations and pH. Results: Antibiotic elution showed an initial burst on Day 1, followed by a logarithmic
reduction over 1 week. Tobramycin fully eluted within 2.5 weeks. Vancomycin showed sustained release over 6 weeks. Calcium ion concentrations were high, with gradual decrease after 3 weeks. All four CaSO4 products
were inherently acidic. Fluid became more acidic with the addition of
antibiotics primarily driven by vancomycin. Discussion: Clinicians should be
cognizant of tobramycin elution burst with ALCS in large loads. The main
driver of acidic pH levels was vancomycin. We propose that joint
complications may result from lowered fluid acidity, and we suggest clinical study of synovial pH.
Variable hydrograph inputs for a numerical debris-flow runout model
Authors: Mitchell Andrew , Zubrycky Sophia , McDougall Scott , Aaron Jordan , Jacquemart Mylène , Hübl Johannes , Kaitna Roland , Graf Christoph 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Debris flows affect people and infrastructure around the world, and as a result, many numerical models and modelling approaches have been developed to simulate their impacts. Observations from instrumented debris-flow channels show that variability in inflow depth, velocity, and discharge in real debris flows is much higher than what is typically used in numerical simulations. However, the effect of this natural variability on numerical model outputs is not well known. In this study, we examine the effects of using complex inflow time series within a single-phase runout model utilizing a Voellmy flow-resistance model. The interactions between model topography and flow resistance were studied first using a simple triangular hydrograph, which showed that simulated discharges change because of local slopes and Voellmy parameters. Next, more complex inflows were tested using time series based on 24 real debris-flow hydrographs initiated from three locations. We described a simple method to scale inflow hydrographs by defining a target event volume and maximum allowable peak discharge. The
results showed a large variation in simulated flow depths and velocities
arising from the variable inflow. The effects of variable-inflow conditions
were demonstrated in simulations of two case histories of real debris flows,
where the variation in inflow leads to significant variations in the simulation outputs. The real debris-flow hydrographs were used to provide an indication of the range of impacts that may result from the natural
variability in inflow conditions. These results demonstrate that variation in
inflow conditions can lead to reasonable estimates of the potential variation in impacts.
INSTAGRAM SEBAGAI MEDIA EDUKASI PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT
Authors: Ratna  , Lies Elina P  
Published: May 2022

Pengetahuan tentang cara menjaga kesehatan gigi yang benar akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian karies gigi, melakukan sikat gigi dan berkumur – kumur adalah salah satu perilaku menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut. perilaku yang didasari pengetahuan yang benar akan lebih bertahan lama dari pada perilaku yang tidak didasari pengetahuan, upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan adalah dengan penyuluhan kesehatan. Media online salah satu media edukasi peningkatan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut Jenis penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah adalah Analisis perbandingan komparatif atau “causal-comparative" Pengambilan sampel teknik Quota sampling, . Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di SMA N 3 Bandar Lampung.. sebanyak 100 orang. Variabel penelitian ini adalah media online instagram dalam peningkatan pengetahuan karies. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji T – Test untuk melihat hubungan instagram dalam peningkatan pengetahuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan media instagram dapat sebagai media penyuluhan pada peningkatan pengetahuan gigi berlubang.Kata kunci : instagram, pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulu
effect of Lentinan administration on some immunological and biochemical parameters in intact rabbits
Authors: Alkenany Muhammad Riyadh , Khalil Luma Waleed 
Published: May 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional effect of shitake mushroom extract (Lentinan) on some hematological and biochemical parameters in healthy female rabbits. The study included fourteen rabbits at age of (7-8) weeks. After acclimatization, animals were divided into two equal groups and as follows: first group (G1) or (DW) included seven intact rabbits fed with food and distilled water ad libitum,. The second group (G2) or (L) included seven rabbits that were supplemented with Lentinan (10mg/kg/BW) daily and orally. The results of this study showed that the effect of supplementation the animals with mushroom extract (Lentinan) at a dose 10mg/kg/BW on G2 (L) cause a significant increase (P≤0.05) in total white blood cell. The results also showed that the administration of Lentinan caused a significant increase (P≤0.05) in lymphocytes and monocytes percentage in G2. Also, the effect of Lentinan showed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in neutrophil/lymphocytes (N/L) ratio and the Arneth’s index (neutrophil nucleus segmentation test) for neutrophil maturation stages, showed a significant (P≤0.05) shift to right in both groups above that administered with Lentinan, while there were no significant (P≤0.05) change in Lymphocytes/monocytes (L/M) ratio.
The SCORE project: finding Earth 2.0 Does life exist elsewhere in the Universe?
Authors: Dumusque Xavier 
Published: May 2022

The SCORE project: finding Earth 2.0 Does life exist elsewhere in the Universe?
The goal of the SCORE project is to enable the detection of other Earths orbiting bright, close-by Sun-like stars for which future ground and space-based missions will be able to characterise their atmosphere in the search for signatures of life elsewhere in the Universe.
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Fire Outbreaks in Markets of Kano Metropolis, Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Yunus Sulaiman 
Published: May 2022

Recurrent fire outbreaks in marketplaces have been a major threat to commercial activities within the Kano metropolis. This necessitated the need to examine the Spatio-temporal pattern of the outbreaks in relation to the nature and importance of the markets with a view to mitigating its consequences for sustainable commercial development. Fire incidence records (1974-2017) comprising of incidence dates, time, year, location, causes and consequences were obtained from the Kano State Fire Service Department. Electronic and GPS surveying was conducted to determine the absolute locations for spatial and temporal analyses. The result from the spatial analysis indicated a clustered pattern of fire outbreaks within the major markets with a Nearest Neighbor Ratio of 0.179. Temporally, there were more fire incidence recurrence (about 20.9%) and property damage between 2007and 2017, thereby making it the most devastating period of market fire outbreaks in Kano. Based on the nature of markets, the overall result depicted that mixed markets and single commodity markets experienced 76.5% and 23.5% fire incidence respectively. This was attributed to the extent of commercial activities, the use of electricity, and the flammability of the products. The study thus recommends fire safety education and fire prevention practices throughout the markets for risk reduction and sustainable economic development.
Les incendies récurrents sur les marchés ont constitué une menace majeure pour les activités commerciales dans la métropole de Kano. Cela a nécessité la nécessité d'examiner le schéma spatio-temporel des incendies en relation avec la nature et l'importance des marchés en vue d'atténuer ses conséquences sur le développement commercial durable. Les dossiers des incendies (1974-2017) y compris les dates, l'heure, l'année, le lieu, les causes et les conséquences des incendies ont été obtenus auprès du service d'incendie de l'État de Kano. Des levés électroniques et GPS ont été effectués pour déterminer les emplacements absolus pour les analyses spatiales et temporelles. Le résultat de l'analyse spatiale a indiqué un modèle groupé d'incendies dans les principaux marchés avec une proportion de voisin le plus proche de 0,179. Temporellement, il y a eu plus de récurrence d'incendie (environ 20,9%) et de dommages matériels entre 2007 et 2017, ce qui fait de cette période, la plus dévastatrice d'incendies de marché à Kano. Sur la base de la nature des marchés, le résultat global a montré que les marchés à produits mixtes et le marché a produit unique ont connu respectivement 76,5% et 23,5% des incendies. Cela a été attribué à l'étendue des activités commerciales, à l'utilisation de l'électricité et à l'inflammabilité des produits. L'étude recommande ainsi une éducation à la sécurité incendie et des pratiques de prévention des incendies sur l'ensemble des marchés pour la réduction des risques et le développement économique durable.
PENGARUH METODE BOILING TERHADAP KADAR VITAMIN C PADA TUMBUHAN KELAKAI (STENOCHLAENA PALUSTRIS)
Authors: Anisa Nabila Rahayu  , Ni Nyoman Sri Yuliani  , Dian Mutiasari  
Published: May 2022

Background: Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) is a local vegetable of the Dayak tribe that contains Vitamin C, and the majority is cooked by boiling.
Research Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the boiling method on vitamin C levels in the kelakai plant.
Method: This research was an experimental study to test vitamin C on samples of fresh kelakai, boiled kelakai (3 minutes), and positive control using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry qualitatively and quantitatively. The results were then statistically tested.
Results: The vitamin C content of fresh kelakai was 0.001704 mg/g, boiled kelakai for 3 minutes was 0.000846 mg/g, and the positive control was 0.006840 mg/g. The statistical Kruskal-Wallis test and post-hoc Mann-Whitney test showed that there were very significant differences in vitamin C levels in samples of fresh kelakai, boiled kelakai, and positive control (p =0,001).
Conclusions: According to the results of statistical tests, there are differences in vitamin C levels in samples of fresh kelakai, boiled kelakai, and positive control.
COVID-19 Lockdown: Impact on PM10 and PM2.5 in Six Megacities in the World Assessed Using NASA’s MERRA-2 Reanalysis
Authors: Said Sara , Salah Zeinab , Hassan Ibrahim Abdelmageid , Wahab Mohamad Magdy Abdel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The changes in air quality were investigated in six megacities during the shutdown phases in 2020 and were compared to the same time periods in the previous 10 years (2010–2019) using the data of Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis and Research and Application, version 2 (MERRA-2). The concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were greatly reduced in all megacities during the lockdown in 2020 when compared to the same period in 2019 and in the previous ten years. The highest reduction in PM10 was recorded in Delhi, and São Paulo (21%, and 15% and by 27%, and 9%), when compared with the concentrations in 2019 and in the period 2010–2019, respectively. Similarly, levels of PM2.5 in Delhi, São Paulo, Beijing, and Mumbai decreased by 20%, 14%, 12%, and 10%, respectively in 2020 when compared to the last ten years. Results indicated that the lockdown is an effective mitigation measure to improve air quality. The MERRA-2 reanalysis dataset could be a vital tool in air quality studies in places with a lack of In-situ observations.
Kebijakan Penanganan Manajemen Penertiban Hewan Ternak di Kecamatan Gadung
Authors: Syamsiar I. Mahmud  
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses Implementasi kebijakan penertiban hewan ternak di Kecamatan Gadung, Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengungkap fenomena dan kebiasaan yang terjadi pada masyarakat yang melepas hewan peliharaannya di tempat umum sehingga dapat menganggu lalu lintas dan membuat lingkungan menjadi kotor. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sejak bulan Oktober 2021 sampai dengan Januari 2022. dengan melakukan wawancara, pengamatan serta mempelajari dokumen kebijakan penertiban hewan ternak dengan melakukan analisis data melalui reduksi dan penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Implementasi kebijakan penertiban hewan ternak di Kab. Buol, belum terlaksana dengan optimal, karena disebabkan oleh kurangnya sosialisasi dan koordinasi antar dinas terkait, keterbatasan anggaran dan kurangnya pelaksanaan evaluasi.
FATORES DE RISCO PARA QUEDA EM PACIENTES IDOSOS COM TONTURA
Authors: Lôbo Flávia , Alcantara de Oliveira Santos Mônica 
Published: May 2022

Introdução:Tontura é um sintoma frequente em idosos e pode estar relacionada a episódios de queda, levando a comprometimento funcional e biológico. Nos últimos anos, a população idosa vem se tornando mais expressiva mundialmente, em termos demográficos, culminando na necessidade de identificar fatores de risco para queda.
Objetivo:Identificar fatores de risco associados a queda em idosos com tontura.
Metodologia: Amostra de 77 pacientes idosos com tontura divididos em dois grupos (com e sem queda) para análise de variáveis que pudessem os predispor a queda: faixa etária, sexo, comorbidades, polifarmácia, sintomas associados e dissociados da tontura, característica, topografia e etiologia da tontura.
Resultados:Tonturas de topografia vestibular central, mista e extravestibular apresentaram correlação com queda (p = 0,039). As etiologias cardiovascular (23,1% x 13,7%) e psicossomática (15,4% x 0%) evidenciaram associação (p = 0,015) com o grupo queda. Diabetes mellitus apresenta correlação importante com queda (42,3% x 19,6%; p = 0,034).
Conclusão:Tonturas de topografia vestibular central, mista e extravestibular, etiologias cardiovascular e psicossomática, e diabetes mellitus foram identificadas como fatores de risco para queda em idosos.
Palavras-chave: Tontura; idoso; fatores de risco; acidentes por quedas.
O processo de elaboração do zoneamento ecológico econômico do Rio de Janeiro: desafios e perspectivas
Authors: Fontes Rodrigo Araujo , Fontes Carine Fonseca Lopes , Silva Elmo Rodrigues da 
Published: May 2022

A Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente (Lei Federal nº 6.938/1981), estabeleceu, entre seus instrumentos de execução, o Zoneamento Ambiental e foi regulamentada pelo Decreto nº 4.297/2002 sob a denominação de Zoneamento Ecológico Econômico (ZEE). Esse Decreto, também estabeleceu critérios para a sua elaboração, dando competência aos entes federativos e orientando os estados a produzirem seus instrumentos. A Lei Federal nº 12.651/2012 (Código Florestal) estabeleceu um prazo de cinco anos (art. 13, §2º) para que todos os estados elaborassem e aprovassem seus ZEEs. A elaboração do Zoneamento Ecológico Econômico do estado do Rio de Janeiro (ZEE/RJ) iniciou-se com a fase de instrumentalização jurídica, a partir da constituição da base legal (Lei Estadual nº 5.067/2007) que promove a elaboração do ZEE, cria seus preceitos, princípios, objetivos, diretrizes gerais e metodologia. Em seguida, realizou-se atividades de identificação de demandas, articulação institucional, mobilização de recursos e consolidação do projeto. Posteriormente, foi realizada a fase de diagnóstico, a qual gerou as análises de qualificação socioambiental na escala 1:100.000. Após as duas primeiras fases, o estado do Rio de Janeiro iniciou em 2014 as fases finais do ZEE, contendo o prognóstico, cenários, proposição de zonas e diretrizes, além da validação e subsídios à implementação. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o processo de construção das etapas, trâmites e discussões do processo de elaboração do ZEE/RJ, identificar os desafios da elaboração e de implementação deste instrumento, além de apontar as principais perspectivas do ZEE-RJ. A abordagem metodológica foi qualitativa. O levantamento de dados consistiu em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, complementada por entrevistas junto aos coordenadores do ZEE/RJ. Entre os principais resultados estão a sistematização dos aspectos legais e de construção dos arranjos institucionais do ZEE/RJ, além da identificação das etapas de elaboração do instrumento e construção de suas zonas.
Effects of three probiotics and their interactions on the growth performance of and nutrient absorption in broilers
Authors: Zhang Lihuan , Wang Yanfei , Zhang Ruonan , Jia Hao , Liu Xuan , Zhu Zhiwei 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of three probiotics and their interactions on growth performance, intestinal digestion and absorption, and nutrient transporters in broilers. A total of 350 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into seven groups: the control group (broilers receiving normal drinking water), groups P1, P2 and P3 (broilers receiving drinking water with 1% Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis , respectively) and groups CP1, CP2 and CP3 (broilers receiving drinking water with a 1% compound probiotic mixture in 2:1:1, 1:2:1, 1:1:2 ratios, respectively). The feeding period was divided into two experimental periods: 1∼21 days and 22∼42 days. Compared to those in the control group, the broiler slaughter indexes and average daily feed intakes in the probiotics groups were not significantly different (P > 0.05), but the villus height in the small intestine increased significantly, and the crypt depth decreased significantly (P < 0.05). In the 1- to 21-day, experimental period, the broiler average daily gains in groups CP2 and CP3 were significantly greater than that in the control group. Amylase, lipase, and trypsin activities in the jejunum in groups CP and P3 increased significantly. GLUT2 mRNA expression in the probiotics group was significantly incresaed compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05). In the 22- to 42-day period, the average daily gain in the CP group was significantly greater than that in the control group. Amylase activity in the CP2 group, and lipase and trypsin activities in the CP, P1 and P3 groups increased significantly. The GLUT2 mRNA expression in the CP group increased significantly (P < 0.05). In summary, three probiotics and their interactions improved the digestibility and absorption of nutrients by increasing the activities of digestive enzymes, improving the morphology of the digestive tract, and upregulating the expression of GLUT2 mRNA in the intestinalcell membrane to improve the production performance in broilers.
The potential, analysis and prospect of ctDNA sequencing in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ding Yubo , Yao Jingwei , Wen Meiling , Liu Xiong , Huang Jialu , Zhang Minghui , Zhang Yu , Lv Yufan , Xie Zhuoyi , Zuo JianHong 
Published: May 2022

Background
The genome map of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is complex. In order to explore whether circulating tumor cell DNA (ctDNA) can be used as the basis for sequencing and use ctDNA to find tumor related biomarkers, we analyzed the mutant genes of ctDNA in patients with liver cancer by sequencing.

Methods
We used next-generation targeted sequencing technology to identify mutations in patients with liver cancer. The ctDNA from 10 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (including eight cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and two cases of secondary hepatocellular carcinoma) was sequenced. We used SAMtools to detect and screen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion deletion mutations (INDELs) and ANNOVAR to annotate the structure and function of the detected mutations. Screening of pathogenic and possible pathogenic genes was performed using American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. GO analysis and KEGG analysis of pathogenic and possible pathogenic genes were performed using the DAVID database, and protein–protein interaction network analysis of pathogenic and possible pathogenic genes was performed using the STRING database. Then, the Kaplan–Meier plotter database, GEPIA database and HPA database were used to analyse the relationship between pathogenic and possible pathogenic genes and patients with liver cancer.

Results
Targeted capture and deep sequencing of 560 cancer-related genes in 10 liver cancer ctDNA samples revealed 8,950 single nucleotide variation (SNV) mutations and 70 INDELS. The most commonly mutated gene was PDE4DIP, followed by SYNE1, KMT2C, PKHD1 and FN1. We compared these results to the COSMIC database and determined that ctDNA could be used for sequencing. According to the ACMG guidelines, we identified 54 pathogenic and possible pathogenic mutations in 39 genes in exons and splice regions of 10 HCC patients and performed GO analysis, KEGG analysis, and PPI network analysis. Through further analysis, four genes significantly related to the prognosis of liver cancer were identified.

Conclusion
In this study, our findings indicate that ctDNA can be used for sequencing. Our results provide some molecular data for the mapping of genetic variation in Chinese patients with liver cancer, which enriches the understanding of HCC pathogenesis and provides new ideas for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC patients.
High Diagnostic And Therapeutic Value of Digital Subtraction Angiography in Direct Carotid-Cavernous Fistulas: A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Sahu Vijaya , Sahu C. D. , Pandey Nidhi , Bhutada Bhagyashri 
Published: May 2022

Aims:
To describe the diagnostic and therapeutic value of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and endovascular treatment in patients with direct carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) over a period of three years.

Settings:
Tertiary referral hospital, Chhattisgarh

Design:
Retrospective, noncomparative case series.

Material & Methods:
Medical records of consecutive patients who had direct CCF between January 2014 to January 2017 with minimum six months of follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were initially evaluated by non-invasive imaging technique followed by DSA for confirmation. Endovascular embolization was done in all cases. A clinical cure was considered when there was a complete resolution of signs and symptoms of direct CCF and when the fistula was not observed on repeat DSA after three months, which was labeled as anatomically cured patients.

Results:
Total ten patients were analyzed; nine patients had unilateral CCF, only one had bilateral CCF. All patients had history of head trauma. Five (50%) patients were embolized with a coil, and the rest were embolized by a combination of coil and Onyx. In our study, carotid artery preservation was performed in 70% of patients. Latest clinical follow up showed good recovery Furthermore no procedure related complications were noted in any patients. There were no intraoperative or perioperative mortality noted.

Conclusion:
With the observed results and low rate of complications and morbidity, endovascular therapy could be the primary treatment for patients with direct CCFs.