bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of IMERG and ERA5 precipitation products over the Mongolian Plateau
Authors: Xin Ying , Yang Yaping , Chen Xiaona , Yue Xiafang , Liu Yangxiaoyue , Yin Cong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPrecipitation is an important component of the hydrological cycle and has significant impact on ecological environment and social development, especially in arid areas where water resources are scarce. As a typical arid and semi-arid region, the Mongolian Plateau is ecologically fragile and highly sensitive to climate change. Reliable global precipitation data is urgently needed for the sustainable development over this gauge-deficient region. With high-quality estimates, fine spatiotemporal resolutions, and wide coverage, the state-of-the-art Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) and European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis 5 (ERA5) have great potential for regional climatic, hydrological, and ecological applications. However, how they perform has not been well investigated on the Mongolian Plateau. Therefore, this study evaluated the performance of three IMERG V06 datasets (ER, LR and FR), two ERA5 products (ERA5-HRES and ERA5-Land), and their predecessors (TMPA-3B42 and ERA-Interim) over the region across 2001–2018. The results showed that all products broadly characterized seasonal precipitation cycles and spatial patterns, but only the three reanalysis products, IMERG FR and TMPA-3B42 could capture interannual and decadal variability. When describing daily precipitation, dataset performances ranked ERA5-Land > ERA5-HRES > ERA-Interim > IMERG FR > IMERG LR > IMERG ER > TMPA-3B42. All products showed deficiencies in overestimating weak precipitation and underestimating high-intensity precipitation. Besides, products performed best in agricultural lands and forests along the northern and south-eastern edges, followed by urban areas and grasslands closer to the center, and worst in the sparse vegetation and bare areas of the south-west. Due to a negative effect of topographic complexity, IMERG showed poor detection capabilities in forests. Accordingly, this research currently supports the applicability of reanalysis ERA5 data over the arid, topographically complex Mongolian Plateau, which can inform regional applications with different requirements.
A novel genotype of avian hepatitis E virus identified in chickens and common pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), extending its host range
Authors: Matos Miguel , Bilic Ivana , Tvarogová Jana , Palmieri Nicola , Furmanek Danuta , Gotowiecka Malwina , Liebhart Dieter , Hess Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn 2019, outbreaks of hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome (HSS) were observed in six commercial layer chicken flocks, belonging to three different Polish farms, and characterized by increased mortality, hemorrhagic hepatitis with attached blood clots on the liver surface, and splenomegaly. Diseased flocks were initially investigated for the presence of avian hepatitis E virus (aHEV) – the etiological agent of HSS – by conventional reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, which revealed aHEV sequences clustering separately from all known aHEV genotypes. Additionally, an aHEV genome was identified for the first time in common pheasants, from a flock in France, using Next Generation Sequencing. This genome clustered together with the Polish aHEVs here investigated. Complete genome aHEV sequences from the HSS outbreaks confirmed the divergent cluster, with a shared nucleotide sequence identity of 79.6–83.2% with other aHEVs, which we propose to comprise a novel aHEV genotype – genotype 7. Histology and immunohistochemistry investigations in the liver and spleen established an association between aHEV and the observed lesions in the affected birds, consolidating the knowledge on the pathogenesis of aHEV, which is still largely unknown. Thus, the present investigation extends the natural host range and genotypes of aHEV and strengthens knowledge on the pathogenesis of HSS.
Efficacy of bone stimulators in large-animal models and humans may be limited by weak electric fields reaching fracture
Authors: Verma Nishant , Le Todd , Mudge Jonah , Nicksic Peter J. , Xistris Lillian , Kasole Maisha , Shoffstall Andrew J. , Poore Samuel O. , Ludwig Kip A. , Dingle Aaron M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNoninvasive electronic bone growth stimulators (EBGSs) have been in clinical use for decades. However, systematic reviews show inconsistent and limited clinical efficacy. Further, noninvasive EBGS studies in small animals, where the stimulation electrode is closer to the fracture site, have shown promising efficacy, which has not translated to large animals or humans. We propose that this is due to the weaker electric fields reaching the fracture site when scaling from small animals to large animals and humans. To address this gap, we measured the electric field strength reaching the bone during noninvasive EBGS therapy in human and sheep cadaver legs and in finite element method (FEM) models of human and sheep legs. During application of 1100 V/m with an external EBGS, only 21 V/m reached the fracture site in humans. Substantially weaker electric fields reached the fracture site during the later stages of healing and at increased bone depths. To augment the electric field strength reaching the fracture site during noninvasive EBGS therapy, we introduced the Injectrode, an injectable electrode that spans the distance between the bone and subcutaneous tissue. Our study lays the groundwork to improve the efficacy of noninvasive EBGSs by increasing the electric field strength reaching the fracture site.
Energy‐efficient routing protocol developed for internet of things networks
Authors: Ahmmad Ban Ayad , Alabady Salah Abdulghani 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) due to their numerous applications have become a significant research topic in recent years, which include monitoring, tracking/detection, medical, military surveillance, and industrial. Due to the small sensors' difficulty in being easily recharged after random deployment, energy consumption is a challenging research problem for WSNs in general. One popular scenario for reducing energy consumption for WSNs is to use cluster‐based technology to reduce sensor node communication distance. Along with focusing on the Chain Cluster Based routing protocol classes. Initially, the Calinski Harabasz approach is utilized to find the optimum number of clusters. This modification will take place for two stages that pass via improving techniques of enhancing the Improved Energy‐Efficient PEGASIS‐Based (IEEPB) protocol to achieve the main goal of this study. The network lifetime was then extended by using the K‐means algorithm. As a result, rather than using a single long path, data is transferred over shorter parallel lines. The protocol is simulated with the MatlabR2015b simulator, which produces clear and effective simulation results, particularly in terms of energy savings. The outcome of the simulation results shows that the Improved energy‐efficient PEGASIS‐based routing protocol‐ KMeans optimisation (Improved EEPB‐ K‐means Optimisation) protocol outperforms the Low‐energy adaptive clustering hierarchy, Power‐efficient gathering in sensor information systems, IEEPB, and MIEEPB protocols.
Revisiting empirical solar energetic particle scaling relations
Authors: Papaioannou Athanasios , Herbst Konstantin , Ramm Tobias , Cliver Edward W. , Lario David , Veronig Astrid M. 
Published: December 2022

Aims. The possible influence of solar superflares on the near-Earth space radiation environment are assessed through the investigation of scaling laws between the peak proton flux and fluence of solar energetic particle (SEP) events with the solar flare soft X-ray peak photon flux.
Methods. We compiled a catalog of 65 well-connected (W20-90) SEP events during the last three solar cycles covering a period of ∼34 yr (1984–2020) that were associated with flares of class ≥C6.0, and investigated the statistical relations between the recorded peak proton fluxes (IP) and the fluences (FP) at a set of integral energies from E > 10, > 30, and > 60 to > 100 MeV versus the associated solar flare peak soft X-ray flux in the 1–8 Å band (FSXR). Based on the inferred relations, we calculated the integrated energy dependence of the peak proton flux (IP) and fluence (FP) of the SEP events, assuming that they follow an inverse power law with respect to energy. Finally, we made use of simple physical assumptions, combining our derived scaling laws, and estimated the upper limits for IP and FP focusing on the flare associated with the strongest ground level enhancement (GLE) directly observed to date (GLE 05 on 23 February 1956), and that inferred for the cosmogenic radionuclide-based SEP event of AD774/775.
Results. A scaling law relating IP and FP to the solar soft X-ray peak intensity (FSXR) as ∝ $ {F}_{\mathrm{SXR}}^{5/6} $ for a flare with a FSXR = X600 (in the revised scale) is consistent with values of FP inferred for the cosmogenic nuclide event of AD774/775.
Shape, alignment, and mass distribution of baryonic and dark-matter halos in one EAGLE simulation
Authors: Petit Q. , Ducourant C. , Slezak E. , Sluse D. , Delchambre L. 
Published: December 2022

Context. Accurate knowledge of the morphology of halos and its evolution are key constraints on the galaxy formation model as well as a determinant parameter of the strong-lensing phenomenon. Large-scale cosmic simulations are a tailored tool used to obtain statistics on the shape and mass distributions of these halos according to redshift.
Aims. Using the cosmological hydrodynamic simulation, the Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments (EAGLE), we aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of the morphology of galaxy halos and of their mass distributions with a focus on the snapshot at redshift z = 0.5.
Methods. We developed an iterative strategy involving a principal component analysis (PCA) to investigate the properties of the EAGLE halos and the differences in alignment between the various components. The semi-axes and orientation of the halos are estimated taking into account sub-halos in the simulation. The mass distributions of the dark-matter (DM), gas, and star halos are characterised by a half-mass radius, a concentration parameter and (projected) axis ratios.
Results. We present statistics of the shape parameters of 336 540 halos from the EAGLE RefL0025N0376 simulation and describe their evolution from redshift z = 15 to z = 0. We measured the three-dimensional shape parameters for the DM, the gas, and the star components as well as for all particles. We also measured these parameters for two-dimensional projected distributions. At z = 0.5, the minor axis of gas aligns with the minor axis of DM for massive halos (M > 1012 M⊙), but this alignment is poorer for less massive halos. The DM halos axis ratios b/a and c/a have median values of 0.82 ± 0.11 and 0.64 ± 0.12, respectively. The gas in halos that also contain stars has a more flattened shape, with b/a = 0.70 ± 0.19 and c/a = 0.38 ± 0.20. The sphericity of gas in halos w/ and w/o stars appears to be negatively correlated to the total mass, while the sphericity of DM is insensitive to it. The measured projected axis ratios, bp/ap, of star halos at z = 0.5 have a median value of 0.80 ± 0.07, which is in good agreement with ground-based and space-based measurements within 1σ. For DM halos, we measure a value of 0.85 ± 0.06. The evolution of the concentration as a function of redshift is fairly homogeneous for the various components, except for the starless gas halos, which appear much more concentrated for z > 0.7.
Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for vascular diseases of the liver – current indications and open questions
Authors: Wiest Isabella , Safai Zadeh Ehsan , Görg Christian , Teufel Andreas , Michels Guido , Dietrich Christoph F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractContrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) is a widely available and well-tolerated technique that can expand the diagnosis of a variety of vascular liver diseases. This paper presents an overview of the current possibilities of the use of CEUS in vascular liver diseases. Particularly where Doppler sonography has technical limitations, CEUS provides additional opportunities to visualize vascular thrombosis and other obstructions restricting blood flow. When CT or MRI contrast agents cannot be used because of severe allergy or renal insufficiency, CEUS can be a valuable diagnostic alternative and has demonstrated comparable diagnostic performance in at least some vascular liver diseases, such as portal vein thrombosis. In addition, CEUS works without radiation and, therefore, might be particularly suitable for young patients and children. This may be useful, for example, in congenital disorders such as persistent umbilical vein or preduodenal portal vein. Vascular liver disease is rare and comprehensive data are still lacking, but the available literature provides promising insights into potential new ways to study vascular liver disease. Although most studies are based on small sample sizes or even case reports, the high diagnostic utility is undisputed.
Gelenkerhaltende Therapie bei Osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Yagdiran Ayla , Otto-Lambertz Christina , Eysel Peer , Semler Oliver 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) ist mit einer
Häufigkeit von ca. 1:20.000 eine Skeletterkrankung, mit der
Pädiater und Orthopäden eher selten konfrontiert werden.
Methode Selektive Literaturrecherche in der Datenbank PubMed unter
Berücksichtigung von Fallstudien und Reviews bis August 2022.
Ergebnisse Zwecks optimaler Therapieentscheidung für oder gegen
eine operative Therapie bei OI ist eine interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit
von Pädiatern und Orthopäden unabdingbar. Während bei
Kleinkindern und der operativen Versorgung des Unterarmes häufig noch
Titanelastische Nägel (TENs) ihren Einsatz finden, werden sobald der
Durchmesser des Knochens es erlaubt im Wachstum primär
Teleskopnägel bei der gelenkerhalten Versorgung der OI genutzt. Der
hierbei weltweit mittlerweile am häufigste präferierte
Teleskopnagel ist der Fassier-Duval (FD) Nagel. Bei ausgewachsenen Jugendlichen
und Erwachsenen sind aufgrund der kleinen Markraum Durchmesser sogenannte
„Custom made Implantate“ notwendig. Bei fehlender postoperativer
primärer Belastungsstabilität ist eine Ruhigstellung indiziert,
die zu einem weiteren Abbau des ohnehin schon atrophen Muskels bei dem
OI-Patienten führt.
Schlussfolgerung Trotz Optimierung bzw. Entwicklung spezieller Implantate
stellt die gelenkerhalte Versorgung der OI weiterhin eine Herausforderung
für Patient und Arzt dar.
Distal Endoscopic Attachments
Authors: Desai Pankaj N. , Patel Chintan N. , Kabrawala Mayank , Nanadwani Subhash , Mehta Rajiv , Prajapati Ritesh , Patel Nisharg , Sethia Mohit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEndoscopy is an evolving science and the last two decades has seen it expand exponentially at a pace unapparelled in the past. With the advancement in new procedures like image-enhanced endoscopy, magnifying endoscopy, third space endoscopy, and highly advanced endoscopic ultrasound procedures, endoscopic accessories are also evolving to cater the unmet needs. Endoscopic cap or distal attachment cap is a simple but very important accessory in the endoscopists' armamentarium which has changed the path of endoscopic procedures. It has so far been used commonly mostly for variceal ligation and endoscopic mucosal resections for colorectal polyps. But the horizon of its use has expanded in the recent years for difficult clinical scenarios like providing stability to the endoscope, overcoming blind spots during screening colonoscopies, maintaining clear field of vision during endotherapy of gastrointestinal bleeding, and during magnification endoscopy for lesion characterizations and so on. These caps are of different shapes, sizes, colors, and material depending on manufacturers and their implications while performing varied endoscopies. This review summarizes the clinical utilities of the cap in diagnostic as well as therapeutic endoscopy and its expanding indications of use.
A Case of Pseudoaneurysm of the Superficial Temporal Artery Causing a Massive Subcutaneous Hematoma after Craniotomy
Authors: Tatano Masaki , Hayashi Seiya , Yunoki Masatoshi , Umakoshi Michiari , Hirashita Koji , Yoshino Kimihiro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a case of a ruptured pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery (STA) after surgery for intracranial hemorrhage. To our knowledge, only three similar cases have been reported. A 47-year-old man underwent left frontal craniotomy for a left frontal subcortical hematoma. The left STA was not identified during the surgery, and no STA bleeding was observed. The postoperative course was uneventful for 20 days, until the patient experienced a left-side headache and noticed a subcutaneous mass. The mass increase in size within 1 hour and arterial hemorrhage was observed through a tear in the wound. Findings on subsequent contrast computed tomography were consistent with a ruptured pseudoaneurysm arising from the left STA. Emergency evacuation of the hematoma and STA ligation were performed. Pathological findings were consistent with a pseudoaneurysm. STA pseudoaneurysms occasionally grow rapidly and can cause massive hematoma. Surgeons should carefully monitor for evidence of a pseudoaneurysm after craniotomy, even in the absence of intraoperative bleeding from the STA.
SrB4O7:Sm2+ fluorescence improves the accuracy of temperature measurements in externally heated diamond anvil cells
Authors: Jing Q. , Zhang Y. , Liu L. , Xi F. , Li Y. , Li X. , Yang D. , Jiang S. , Geng H. , Chen X. , Li S. , Gao J. , He Q. , Li J. , Tan Y. , Yu Y. , Jin K. , Wu Q. 
Published: December 2022

The sample temperature in an externally heated diamond anvil cell (EHDAC) is generally measured by a thermocouple fixed to the pavilions of diamond anvils, ignoring the temperature difference between the thermocouple and the sample. However, the measured temperature depends strongly on the placement of the thermocouple, thus seriously reducing the accuracy of the temperature measurement and hindering the use of EHDAC in experiments requiring precise temperature measurements, such as high-pressure melting and phase-diagram investigations. In this study, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the 0–0 fluorescence line of strontium borate doped with bivalent samarium ions (SrBO4:Sm2+, SBO) is found to be highly sensitive to temperature and responds extremely rapidly to small temperature fluctuations, which makes it an excellent temperature indicator. We propose herein a precise method to measure temperature that involves measuring the FWHM of the 0–0 fluorescence line of SBO. This method is used to correct the temperature discrepancy between the thermocouple and the sample in an EHDAC. These corrections significantly improve the accuracy of temperature measurements in EHDACs. The accuracy of this method is verified by measuring the melting point of tin at ambient pressure. We also use this method to produce a tentative elementary phase diagram of tin up to 109 GPa and 495 K. This method facilitates high-pressure, high-temperature experiments demanding accurate temperature measurements in various disciplines. The study also discusses, in general, the experimental approach to measuring temperature.
A comprehensive review on subclinical mastitis in dairy animals: Pathogenesis, factors associated, prevalence, economic losses and management strategies
Authors: Singh Amit Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Subclinical mastitis (SCM) particularly affects milk yield, quality and health of lactating animals. It is an apparently invisible problem that silently leads to enormous financial damage to the whole dairy industry. It is evident from previous studies that faulty animal husbandry practices including microbial infections, poor nutrition, unhygienic microenvironment, poor transition management of dairy animals and changing climatic scenarios are major reasons for increased SCM cases. The aim of this manuscript includes summarizing the factors associated with SCM and its effects on various performances of affected animals, detection methods and management strategies (improved nutrition, maintenance of optimum energy balance, genetic selection of mastitis-resistant animals, improved milking practices, hygienic conditions, emerging dry cow therapies, use of bacteriophages, utilization of plant- and animal-derived products and compounds) to curb the SCM cases in dairy animals. However, special emphasis has been made on the management practices that may be helpful in controlling SCM cases in dairy animals. A wide range of practices has been studied towards controlling SCM cases but it may not be denied that SCM is likely to be a continued challenge for the dairy herdsman.
Researcher-practitioner interaction: Collaboration to advance the field of human-animal interaction
Authors: Leighton Sarah C. , Nieforth Leanne O. , Chastain Griffin Taylor , O’Haire Marguerite E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The study of human-animal interaction has increased in the recent decades, with research frequently accomplished through collaboration between academic researchers and human-animal interaction practitioners. While collaborations vary depending on context and characteristics, it is critical for both parties to appreciate the value of collaborative research and approach the process purposefully. The goal of this manuscript was to discuss strategies that support productive researcher-practitioner collaboration, along with identifying potential obstacles impeding such partnerships. A model for healthy collaboration is provided, which may be used as a template for researchers and practitioners alike when approaching a potential partnership. Important considerations include relationship building, establishing a common understanding, and advancing best practices in the field. Recommendations pertain to the identification of a research collaborator, ethical community-based collaborative research, alignment of key concepts and terminology, detailed reporting of both human and animal characteristics and welfare, and promotion of high standards. Finally, an example of successful collaboration is outlined. For the field of human-animal interaction to progress in its goal of elevating scientific rigor and growing the empirical evidence base, we must likewise elevate and grow our understanding and approach to scientific collaboration.
Exploring the Case: Successful hospitality micro-entrepreneurs in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Abdullah Taufik , Carr Neil , Lee Craig 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
This case study investigates factors that contribute to the success of street food vendors based on interviews with vendors in Bandung, Indonesia. The study found that success for street food vendors is not exclusively related to gaining more financial and/or material possessions. Success can also be related to their business, individual and family well-being, and contribution to the community. The findings also show that achieving success for street food vendors can be attributed to several factors: networks, product and service quality, positive attitudes, and the utilization of technology.