bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical analysis of time-fractional Sobolev equation for fluid-driven processes in impermeable rocks
Authors: Avazzadeh Zakieh , Nikan Omid , Tenreiro Machado José , Rasoulizadeh Mohammad Navaz 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a local meshless radial basis function (RBF) method to obtain the solution of the two-dimensional time-fractional Sobolev equation. The model is formulated with the Caputo fractional derivative. The method uses the RBF to approximate the spatial operator, and a finite-difference algorithm as the time-stepping approach for the solution in time. The stability of the technique is examined by using the matrix method. Finally, two numerical examples are given to verify the numerical performance and efficiency of the method.
Initial viral cycle threshold values in patients with COVID-19 and their clinical significance
Authors: AlBahrani Salma , Alghamdi Mohammed , Zakary Nawaf , Jebakumar Arulanantham Zechariah , AlZahrani Samirah Jamaan , ElGezery Mohamed Hany , Abdallah Khaled Omar , Al-Tawfiq Jaffar A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The connection between initial viral cycle threshold (Ct) values of the SARS-CoV-2 with symptoms and hospital course is not clearly studied.

Methods
This is a retrospective study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from Jun 1st 2020 to March 30th, 2021 examining the relationship between initial viral cycle threshold (Ct) values of SARS-CoV-2 as obtained from nasopharyngeal samples. The clinical presentations and outcomes were analyzed in relation to the initial Ct values.

Results
The study included 202 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with a mean age (± SD) of 54.75 (± 15.93) and 123 (60.9%) males and 79 (39.1%) females. Of all the patients, the most frequent comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (95; 47%) and the most frequent symptoms were fever (148; 73.3%) and cough (141; 69.8%). There was no significant difference in relation to underlying conditions, clinical presentation, radiographic and laboratory data among those with low, medium and high Ct values. The mean Ct values showed no statistical change over the 10-month study period.

Conclusions
Initial SARS-CoV-2 Ct values did not show any association with clinical symptoms and did not predict the need for mechanical intubation or death.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized using Hyssopus Officinalis L. Extract Induced oxidative stress and changes the expression of key genes involved in inflammatory and antioxidant Systems
Authors: Rahimi Ghasem , Mohammad Kalateh Shah , Zarei Mahsa , Shokoohi Mohammad , Oskoueian Ehsan , Poorbagher Mahsa Rastegar Moghaddam , Karimi Ehsan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Recent advances in the synthesis of bioactive nanoparticles resulted in the discovery and introduction of new bioactive nanoparticles to the pharmaceutical industry. In this regard, this research is aimed to synthesize the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using Hyssopus officinalis L. extract and to evaluate the safety of nanoparticles using Balb/C mice.

Methods
Forty male mice were divided into four groups and received 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of ZnO-NPs for thirty days. At the end of the experiment, blood sugar, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (A.S.T.), and alanine aminotransferase (A.L.T.) were determined. Furthermore, histopathological and oxidative stress biomarker analyses in liver and kidney tissues were performed. The changes in the major inflammatory- and antioxidant-related genes were determined.

Results
The results showed that blood sugar and creatinine reduced significantly (P < 0.05) when 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg ZnO-NPs were supplemented to the diet. The serum ALT and AST and lipid peroxidation in the liver and kidney tissues were increased significantly (p < 0.05) when 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg ZnO-NPs were supplemented to the diet. Supplementation of ZnO-NPs suppressed the expression of antioxidant-related genes (SOD and CAT) and up-regulated the inflammatory biomarkers (iNOS and TNF- α). The concentration of 200 mg/Kg nanoparticles indicated cellular degeneration and necrosis in the liver and kidney tissues.

Conclusions
Overall, it can be concluded that supplementation of ZnO-NPs synthesized using Hyssopus Officinalis L. extract in this study at 50 mg/kg or higher concentrations might be toxic to the mice.
Avian diversity and bird-aircraft strike problems in Bahir Dar International Airport, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Authors: Tefera Tsegaye , Ejigu Dessalegn , Tassie Nega 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundBahir Dar International Airport and its surrounding habitats are known for their rich avifaunal diversity, which results in bird-aircraft collisions as a fundamental problem in the area. A study on bird diversity and bird-aircraft strikes at Bahir Dar International Airport was conducted between February 2020 and August 2020. Based on its vegetation structures, the study area was classified into four habitat types namely; bushland, grassland, wetland, and modified habitats. Transect and point count methods were used to collect data on avian diversity and abundance. Questionnaire surveys, interviews, and document analysis were used to gather information about incidents and protection measures against bird-aircraft strike problems. Shannon–Wiener diversity index, Simpson’s similarity index, ANOVA, and chi-square test were used for data analysis.ResultsA total of 80 avian species belonging to 15 orders and 40 families were identified in the study area. The highest species diversity (H’ = 3.59) and species evenness (E = 0.96) were recorded in modified habitats during the wet season. Relative abundance categories of birds in the study area showed that most were uncommon birds. Birds pose severe threats to aircraft in the airport and 92.3% of the respondents replied that most bird-aircraft strikes occurred early in the morning and late in the afternoon when birds remain more active. The majority (88.5%) of questionnaire participants confirmed that bird-aircraft strike incidents frequently occurred during the time of takeoff and landing of the aircraft. It is also known that on average forty bird-aircraft collisions per year happen at the airport.ConclusionBahir Dar International Airport is rich in its bird diversity that recalls the aviation authority to work in collaboration with different organizations to avoid bird-aircraft strike problems using different control measures without compromising the conservation of birds.
Conscientiousness protects visual search performance from the impact of fatigue
Authors: Grady Justin N. , Cox Patrick H. , Nag Samoni , Mitroff Stephen R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVisual search—looking for targets among distractors—underlies many critical professions (e.g., radiology, aviation security) that demand optimal performance. As such, it is important to identify, understand, and ameliorate negative factors such as fatigue—mental and/or physical tiredness that leads to diminished function. One way to reduce the detrimental effects is to minimize fatigue itself (e.g., scheduled breaks, adjusting pre-shift behaviors), but this is not always possible or sufficient. The current study explored whether some individuals are less susceptible to the impact of fatigue than others; specifically, if conscientiousness, the ability to control impulses and plan, moderates fatigue’s impact. Participants (N = 374) self-reported their energy (i.e., the inverse of fatigue) and conscientiousness levels and completed a search task. Self-report measures were gathered prior to completing the search task as part of a large set of surveys so that participants could not anticipate any particular research question. Preregistered linear mixed-effect analyses revealed main effects of energy level (lower state energy related to lower accuracy) and conscientiousness (more trait conscientiousness related to higher accuracy), and, critically, a significant interaction between energy level and conscientiousness. A follow-up analysis, that was designed to illustrate the nature of the primary result, divided participants into above- vs. below-median conscientiousness groups and revealed a significant negative relationship between energy level and accuracy for the below median, but not above-median, group. The results raise intriguing operational possibilities for visual search professions, with the most direct implication being the incorporation of conscientiousness measures to personnel selection processes.
Pre-Columbian red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) fire regimes of north-central Pennsylvania, USA
Authors: Marschall Joseph M. , Stambaugh Michael C. , Abadir Erin R. , Dey Daniel C. , Brose Patrick H. , Bearer Scott L. , Jones Benjamin C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundFire-dependent vegetation communities in the northeastern USA have undergone significant transitions since social and ecological disruptions associated with Euro-American colonization of North America. There is much interest, though little information available, about historical fire regimes of fire-adapted vegetation communities in the northeastern USA in pre-Columbian times (i.e., pre-1492 CE). We intensively investigated a red pine (Pinus resinosaAit.)—oak (Quercusspp.) forested landscape in north-central Pennsylvania, USA, for exceptionally old red pine remnants (stumps, snags) where previous research had suggested the potential to develop fire-scar and tree-ring chronologies which extend to time periods prior to 1492.ResultsTree-ring and fire-scar chronologies recovered from red pine trees extend back to 1370 and 1402, respectively. Red pine trees were broadly distributed across this landscape (34.4 km2area) prior to 1492, and frequent fire (i.e., mean fire return intervals of 4.1 years at landscape scale, 9.7–11.7 years at smaller spatial scales (0.5–7.1 km2)) was observed in the time period prior to sustained contact between Indigenous peoples and Euro-American colonizers circa 1609.ConclusionsThis study resulted in the longest fire-scar record in eastern North America and offers unique foundational ecological information regarding pre-Columbian fire regimes of northeastern USA fire-adapted forest communities. Fire scars provide physical evidence that fire was an important ecological component of this landscape before and after 1492 and that the current period of reduced fire activity is unprecedented in the 500 years prior to fire exclusion practices that were widely adopted circa 1915. Beyond fire scars, the spatial and temporal extent of the red pine tree-ring record provides evidence that red pine, a fire-dependent species, was historically a more important component of this landscape than it is today. The conservation of red pine vegetation communities will require incorporating recurring fire into management plans, for the successful regeneration and perpetuation of red pine, and to sustain associated flora and fauna of conservation concern.
Laboratory information management system for COVID-19 non-clinical efficacy trial data
Authors: Yoon Suhyeon , Noh Hyuna , Jin Heejin , Lee Sungyoung , Han Soyul , Kim Sung-Hee , Kim Jiseon , Seo Jung Seon , Kim Jeong Jin , Park In Ho , Oh Jooyeon , Bae Joon-Yong , Lee Gee Eun , Woo Sun-Je , Seo Sun-Min , Kim Na-Won , Lee Youn Woo , Jang Hui Jeong , Hong Seung-Min , An Se-Hee , Lyoo Kwang-Soo , Yeom Minjoo , Lee Hanbyeul , Jung Bud , Yoon Sun-Woo , Kang Jung-Ah , Seok Sang-Hyuk , Lee Yu Jin , Kim Seo Yeon , Kim Young Been , Hwang Ji-Yeon , On Dain , Lim Soo-Yeon , Kim Sol Pin , Jang Ji Yun , Lee Ho , Kim Kyoungmi , Lee Hyo-Jung , Kim Hong Bin , Park Jun Won , Jeong Dae Gwin , Song Daesub , Choi Kang-Seuk , Lee Ho-Young , Choi Yang-Kyu , Choi Jung-ah , Song Manki , Park Man-Seong , Seo Jun-Young , Nam Ki Taek , Shin Jeon-Soo , Won Sungho , Yun Jun-Won , Seong Je Kyung 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
As the number of large-scale studies involving multiple organizations producing data has steadily increased, an integrated system for a common interoperable format is needed. In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a number of global efforts are underway to develop vaccines and therapeutics. We are therefore observing an explosion in the proliferation of COVID-19 data, and interoperability is highly requested in multiple institutions participating simultaneously in COVID-19 pandemic research.

Results
In this study, a laboratory information management system (LIMS) approach has been adopted to systemically manage various COVID-19 non-clinical trial data, including mortality, clinical signs, body weight, body temperature, organ weights, viral titer (viral replication and viral RNA), and multiorgan histopathology, from multiple institutions based on a web interface. The main aim of the implemented system is to integrate, standardize, and organize data collected from laboratories in multiple institutes for COVID-19 non-clinical efficacy testings. Six animal biosafety level 3 institutions proved the feasibility of our system. Substantial benefits were shown by maximizing collaborative high-quality non-clinical research.

Conclusions
This LIMS platform can be used for future outbreaks, leading to accelerated medical product development through the systematic management of extensive data from non-clinical animal studies.
COVID-19 vaccination rates in hospitalized mentally ill patients compared to the general population in Germany: Results from the COVID Ψ Vac study
Authors: Wiegand Hauke F. , Maicher Birgit , Rueb Mike , Wessels Paula , Besteher Bianca , Hellwig Sabine , Pfennig Andrea , Rohner Henrik , Unterecker Stefan , Hölzel Lars P. , Philipsen Alexandra , Domschke Katharina , Falkai Peter , Lieb Klaus , Adorjan Kristina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundMental illness is known to come along with a large mortality gap compared to thegeneral population and it is a risk for COVID-19 related morbidity andmortality. Achieving high vaccination rates in people with mental illness is therefore important. Reports are conflicting on whether vaccination rates comparable to those of the general population can be achieved and which variables represent risk factors for nonvaccination in people with mental illness.MethodsThe COVID Ψ Vac study collected routine data on vaccination status, diagnostic groups, sociodemographics, and setting characteristics from in- and day-clinic patients of 10 psychiatric hospitals in Germany in August 2021. Logistic regression modeling was used to determine risk factors for nonvaccination.ResultsComplete vaccination rates were 59% (n = 776) for the hospitalized patients with mental illness versus 64% for the regionally and age-matched general population. Partial vaccination rates were 68% (n = 893) for the hospitalised patients with mental illness versus 67% for the respective general population and six percentage (n = 74) of this hospitalized population were vaccinated during the hospital stay. Rates showed a large variation between hospital sites. An ICD-10 group F1, F2, or F4 main diagnosis, younger age, and coercive accommodation were further risk factors for nonvaccination in the model.ConclusionsVaccination rates were lower in hospitalized people with mental illness than in the general population. By targeting at-risk groups with low-threshold vaccination programs in all health institutions they get in contact with, vaccination rates comparable to those in the general population can be achieved.
Treatment Outcomes and Roles of Transplantation and Maintenance Rituximab in Patients With Previously Untreated Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Results From Large Real-World Cohorts
Authors: Martin Peter , Cohen Jonathon B. , Wang Michael , Kumar Anita , Hill Brian , Villa Diego , Switchenko Jeffrey M. , Kahl Brad , Maddocks Kami , Grover Natalie S. , Qi Keqin , Parisi Lori , Daly Katherine , Zhu Angeline , Salles Gilles 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE Commonly used first-line (1L) treatments for mantle cell lymphoma include high-dose cytarabine-based induction followed by autologous stem-cell transplant (ASCT) for younger patients and several chemoimmunotherapy regimens for older patients. Continuous debates exist on the role of ASCT in younger patients and maintenance rituximab (MR) after bendamustine plus rituximab (BR). METHODS Retrospective data from 4,216 patients with mantle cell lymphoma in the Flatiron Health electronic record-derived deidentified database diagnosed between 2011 and 2021, mostly in US community oncology settings, were evaluated for treatment patterns and outcomes. The efficacy findings with ASCT and MR were validated in an independent cohort of 1,168 patients from 12 academic centers. RESULTS Among 3,614 patients with documented 1L treatment, BR was the most used. Among 1,265 patients age < 65 years, 30.5% received cytarabine-based induction and 23.5% received ASCT. There was no significant association between ASCT and real-world time to next treatment (hazard ratio [HR], 0.84; 95% CI, 0.68 to 1.03; P = .10) or overall survival (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.63 to 1.18; P = .4) among ASCT-eligible patients. Among MR-eligible patients, MR after BR versus BR alone was associated with a longer real-world time to next treatment (HR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.61 to 2.38; P < .001) and overall survival (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.92; P < .001). The efficacy findings were consistent in the validation cohort. CONCLUSION In this large cohort of patients treated primarily in the US community setting, only one in four young patients received cytarabine or ASCT consolidation, suggesting the need to develop treatments that can be delivered effectively in routine clinical practice. Together with the validation cohort, data support future clinical trials exploring regimens without ASCT consolidation in young patients, whereas MR should be considered for patients after 1L BR and rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone.
Development of a Novel Accelerometry-Based Performance Fatigability Measure for Older Adults
Authors: QIAO YUJIA (SUSANNA) , HAREZLAK JAROSLAW , MOORED KYLE D. , URBANEK JACEK K. , BOUDREAU ROBERT M. , TOTO PAMELA E. , HAWKINS MARQUIS , SANTANASTO ADAM J. , SCHRACK JENNIFER A. , SIMONSICK ELEANOR M. , GLYNN NANCY W. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Efforts to study performance fatigability have been limited because of measurement constrains. Accelerometry and advanced statistical methods may enable us to quantify performance fatigability more granularly via objective detection of performance decline. Thus, we developed the Pittsburgh Performance Fatigability Index (PPFI) using triaxial raw accelerations from wrist-worn accelerometer from two in-laboratory 400-m walks.

Methods
Sixty-three older adults from our cross-sectional study (mean age, 78 yr; 56% women; 88% White) completed fast-paced (n = 59) and/or usual-paced 400-m walks (n = 56) with valid accelerometer data. Participants wore ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers (The ActiGraph LLC, Pensacola, FL) on nondominant wrist during the walking task. Triaxial raw accelerations from accelerometers were used to compute PPFI, which quantifies percentage of area under the observed gait cadence-versus-time trajectory during a 400-m walk to a hypothetical area that would be produced if the participant sustained maximal cadence throughout the entire walk.

Results
Higher PPFI scores (higher score = greater fatigability) correlated with worse physical function, slower chair stands speed and gait speed, worse cardiorespiratory fitness and mobility, and lower leg peak power (|ρ| = 0.36–0.61 from fast-paced and |ρ| = 0.28–0.67 from usual-paced walks, all P < 0.05). PPFI scores from both walks remained associated with chair stands speed, gait speed, fitness, and mobility, after adjustment for sex, age, race, weight, height, and smoking status; PPFI scores from the fast-paced walk were associated with leg peak power.

Conclusions
Our findings revealed that the objective PPFI is a sensitive measure of performance fatigability for older adults and can serve as a risk assessment tool or outcome measure in future studies and clinical practice.
Effect of field of view (FOV) positioning and shielding on radiation dose in paediatric CBCT
Authors: Vogiatzi Theodosia , Menz Roman , Verna Carlalberta , Bornstein Michael M. , Dagassan-Berndt Dorothea 
Published: June 2022

Objective:To investigate the effect of two different large field of view (FOV) positions in the vertical dimension and shielding (thyroid collar and eyeglasses) on the effective dose and the local doses of various sites of the craniofacial complex.Methods:Organ doses and effective doses were calculated based on the measured doses using 27 pairs of thermoluminescent dosemeters in a paediatric tissue-equivalent of a 10-year-old anthropomorphic phantom. The large FOV of the 3D Accuitomo F170 CBCT scanner was used to image parts of the craniofacial complex. Six protocols were performed: (A) cranial position without shielding; (B) cranial position with shielding; (C) caudal position without shielding; (D) caudal position with shielding, (E) similar to C with 3600rotation and (F) similar to D with 360° rotation. Measurements were obtained in duplicate, and the relative δ value (%) was applied to compare the average doses between the protocols.Results:Changing the FOV position from cranial to caudal without using shielding resulted in an increase of the effective dose of 18.8%. Use of shielding in the caudal position reduced the dose by 31.6%. Local absorbed dose of the thyroid had the most relevant impact on calculation of the effective dose, followed by oesophagus, bone marrow and bone surfaces, especially when comparing the different protocols.Conclusions:Application of shielding devices for thyroid in combination with a most caudal positioning of FOV led to the lowest local absorbed doses as well as the effective dose in a child phantom model.