bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 6 family member A1 negatively regulates cell growth and to cisplatin sensitivity in bladder cancer
Authors: Guo Qi , Zhang Tao , Gong Yuwen , Tao Yan , Gao Yanjun , Wang Yuhan , Tian Junqiang , Zhang Su , Wang Hanzhang , Rodriguez Ronald , Wang Zhiping 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAldehyde dehydrogenase 6 family member A1 (ALDH6A1) is a highly conserved member of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDHs) family. Recent studies reveal that it broadly involved in tumorigenesis and drug metabolism in kinds of cancer. However, the critical role of ALDH6A1 in bladder cancer progression and cisplatin resistance of cancer cells are still poorly understood. In this study, we researched the significant function of ALDH6A1 in bladder cancer. Our results showed that ALDH6A1 exhibited a decreased expression in clinical bladder cancer tissues and bladder cancer cell lines. Stable ALDH6A1 knockdown not only could promote cell growth and colony formation in bladder cancer cells, but also enhance drug resistance to cisplatin treatment. On the contrary, we found the active transcript factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α, NR2A1) by alveriene could upregulate ALDH6A1 expression, significantly inhibit the cell growth and colony formation of bladder cancer cells, and improve cisplatin sensitivity of bladder cancer cells. Together, our results show that ALDH6A1 plays as a tumor suppressor in bladder cancer, which regulated by HNF4a. ALDH6A1 could be a promising diagnostic marker and treatment target in bladder cancer.
Fluorine spin–spin coupling constants of pentafluorobenzene revisited at the ab initio correlated levels
Authors: Ukhanev Stepan A. , Fedorov Sergei V. , Rusakov Yuriy Y. , Rusakova Irina L. , Krivdin Leonid B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAll possible spin–spin coupling constants, 19F–19F, 19F–13C, and 19F–1H, of pentafluorobenzene were calculated at five different levels of theory, HF, DFT, SOPPA (CCSD), CCSD, and the SOPPA (CCSD)‐based composite scheme with taking into account solvent, vibrational, relativistic, and correlation corrections. Most corrections were next to negligible for the long‐range couplings but quite essential for the one‐bond carbon–fluorine coupling constants. Hartree–Fock calculations were found to be entirely unreliable, while DFT results were comparable in accuracy with the data obtained using the wave function‐based methods.
Perceived utility of electrodiagnostic testing in critical illness myopathy and polyneuropathy: A survey of intensive care unit providers
Authors: Isfort Michael , McVerry Bryan J. , Shutter Lori , Kim Minji , Lacomis David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsCritical illness myopathy (CIM) and critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) are common disorders associated with substantial morbidity. Electrodiagnostic studies (EDx) are effective in diagnosing CIM/CIP and identifying mimicking conditions. We surveyed intensive care unit (ICU) providers to better understand their approach to ICU‐acquired weakness (ICU‐AW) and the perceived utility of EDx.MethodsThis was a single health system, Web‐based survey of ICU providers.ResultsSurvey responses were received from 52 providers with a response rate of 22.1%. Most providers were somewhat familiar with CIM/CIP and median perceived prevalence was 30–49%. The majority (92.3%) of providers had no standard evaluation approach for ICU‐AW. Electrodiagnostic testing was commonly considered, but many providers obtained it infrequently in presumed CIM/CIP cases. Electrodiagnostic studies were used to rule out other causes of weakness or to confirm the diagnosis of CIM/CIP. Many providers ordered EDx within 1 wk of identifying weakness. Finally, EDx were overshadowed by personal experience as the most helpful management tool for ICU‐AW.DiscussionOverall, ICU providers perceive that CIM/CIP are commonly encountered, but they may not have a standard approach to evaluation. Clinical experience increased familiarity of ICU‐AW and is central to management. EDx results are usually thought to be helpful, albeit not often ordered, and more study is needed to determine when implementation is of most assistance. Increasing education and developing institutional standards may lead to increased awareness and improved evaluation of CIM/CIP, but more study is needed to determine if algorithmic approaches would change patient outcomes.
Reinforcement learning‐based optimized backstepping control of nonlinear strict feedback system with unknown control gain function
Authors: Zhou Ranran , Wen Guoxing , Li Bin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe article develops an optimized control via learning from the design idea of optimized backstepping (OB) technique for the nonlinear strict feedback systems containing the unknown dynamic and control gain functions. OB technique requires to deal with the actual and virtual controls of backstepping as the optimized solutions of corresponding subsystems so that the entire backstepping control is optimized. In the work, for achieving the optimization control, reinforcement learning (RL) of critic‐actor structure is constructed in every backstepping step on the basis of the neural network approximation of the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation's solution. Since the unknown nonlinear control gain function is considered, the complexity of control algorithm is greatly increased. However, the proposed RL is with the simple training laws, it can greatly alleviate the algorithm complexity for the optimized control. Finally, the feasibility of the method is demonstrated by both theory and simulation.
Design and characterization of a novel braided biodegradable double‐J ureteral stent
Authors: Cui Haipo , Zhang Kui , Gao Chenguang , Kang Yahong , Jiang Hongyan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUreteral stents in current clinical use are non‐degradable and have a large degree of curling at the ends. This end curling can cause discomfort to patients as well as renal or bladder irritation. In this study, a braided degradable ureteral stent was designed and characterized to eliminate these problems. Eight‐, 12‐, and 16‐strand poly(lactide‐co‐ε‐ caprolactone) (PLCL) monofilament‐braided degradable ureteral stents were prepared, and their tensile performance, radial support performance, in vitro degradation, fixation performance, bending resistance performance, and drainage performance were tested. Compared with the commonly used polyurethane (PU) stent, the tensile strengths of the three types of PLCL stents were higher, with the 12‐strand monofilament‐braided stent exhibiting the highest tensile strength (~508.06 MPa). In terms of radial support, the three PLCL stents meet clinical requirements. After repeated crimping‐rebounding of the braided stent, the support force recovery rate of the 12‐strand monofilament‐braided stent was the best, reaching 92%. In vitro degradation results showed that the 12‐strand stent still maintained good radial support after 8 weeks. The fixation strength of a 12‐strand monofilament‐braided stent with a single loop on the J‐shaped end meets clinical requirements. Even after repeated bending, the 12‐strand monofilament‐braided stent can maintain the stability of the structure with excellent drainage performance.
Integrative analysis of the DNA methylome and transcriptome in uterine leiomyoma shows altered regulation of genes involved in metabolism, proliferation, extracellular matrix, and vesicles
Authors: Carbajo‐García María Cristina , Corachán Ana , Juárez‐Barber Elena , Monleón Javier , Payá Vicente , Trelis Alexandra , Quiñonero Alicia , Pellicer Antonio , Ferrero Hortensia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUterine leiomyomas (ULs) are the most common benign tumors in women of reproductive age. Despite the high prevalence, tumor pathology remains unclear, which hampers the development of safe and effective treatments. Epigenetic mechanisms appear to be involved in UL development, particularly via DNA methylation that regulates gene expression. We aimed to determine the relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression in UL compared with adjacent myometrium (MM) to identify molecular mechanisms involved in UL formation that are under epigenetic control. Our results showed a different DNA methylation profile between UL and MM, leading to hypermethylation of UL, and a different global transcriptome profile. Integration of DNA methylation and whole‐transcriptome RNA‐sequencing data identified 93 genes regulated by methylation, with 22 hypomethylated/upregulated and 71 hypermethylated/downregulated. Functional enrichment analysis showed dysregulated biological processes and molecular functions involved in metabolism and cell physiology, response to extracellular signals, invasion, and proliferation, as well as pathways related to uterine biology and cancer. Cellular components such as cell membranes, vesicles, extracellular matrix, and cell junctions were dysregulated in UL. In addition, we found hypomethylation/upregulation of oncogenes (PRL, ATP8B4, CEMIP, ZPMS2‐AS1, RIMS2, TFAP2C) and hypermethylation/downregulation of tumor suppressor genes (EFEMP1, FBLN2, ARHGAP10, HTATIP2), which are related to proliferation, invasion, altered metabolism, deposition of extracellular matrix, and Wnt/β‐catenin pathway dysregulation. This confirms that key processes of UL development are under DNA methylation control. Finally, inhibition of DNA methyltransferases by 5‐aza‐2'‐deoxycitidine increased the expression of hypermethylated/downregulated genes in UL cells in vitro. In conclusion, gene regulation by DNA methylation is implicated in UL pathogenesis, and reversion of this methylation could offer a therapeutic option for UL. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
The Arabidopsis gene co‐expression network
Authors: Burks David J. , Sengupta Soham , De Ronika , Mittler Ron , Azad Rajeev K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIdentifying genes that interact to confer a biological function to an organism is one of the main goals of functional genomics. High‐throughput technologies for assessment and quantification of genome‐wide gene expression patterns have enabled systems‐level analyses to infer pathways or networks of genes involved in different functions under many different conditions. Here, we leveraged the publicly available, information‐rich RNA‐Seq datasets of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to construct a gene co‐expression network, which was partitioned into clusters or modules that harbor genes correlated by expression. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were performed to assess functional terms and pathways that were enriched within the different gene modules. By interrogating the co‐expression network for genes in different modules that associate with a gene of interest, diverse functional roles of the gene can be deciphered. By mapping genes differentially expressing under a certain condition in Arabidopsis onto the co‐expression network, we demonstrate the ability of the network to uncover novel genes that are likely transcriptionally active but prone to be missed by standard statistical approaches due to their falling outside of the confidence zone of detection. To our knowledge, this is the first A. thaliana co‐expression network constructed using the entire mRNA‐Seq datasets (>20,000) available at the NCBI SRA database. The developed network can serve as a useful resource for the Arabidopsis research community to interrogate specific genes of interest within the network, retrieve the respective interactomes, decipher gene modules that are transcriptionally altered under certain condition or stage, and gain understanding of gene functions.
Synthesis of D‐A copolymers based on thiadiazole and thiazolothiazole acceptor units and their applications in ternary polymer solar cells
Authors: Keshtov Mukhamed L. , Konstantinov Igor O. , Khokhlov Alexei R. , Ostapov Ilya E. , Alekseev Vladimir G. , Xie Zhiyuan , Dahiya Hemraj , Sharma Ganesh D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe have designed and synthesized two wide bandgap new donor‐acceptor (D‐A) copolymers consisting of the same alkylthiazole‐substituted benzo[1,2‐b;4,5‐b′]dithiophene (BDTTz) donor unit and but different acceptor units, i.e., thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole (TTZ) (P122) and 1,3,‐4 thiadiazole (TDz) (P123) and investigated their optical and electrochemical properties. We have employed these copolymers as donor and fullerene (PC71BM) and narrow bandgap non‐fullerene (Y6) as acceptor, to fabricate binary and ternary bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells (PSCs). The overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of optimized binary bulk heterojunction PSCs based on P122:Y6 and P123:Y6 is 12.60% and 13.16%, respectively. The higher PCE for PSCs based on P123 than P122 counterparts may be associated with the broader absorption profile of the P123 and more charge carrier mobilities than that for the P122 active layer. With the incorporation of small amount of PC71BM into either P122:Y6 or P123:Y6 binary blend, the corresponding ternary PSCs showed an overall PCE of 14.89% and 15.52%, respectively, which is higher than the binary counterparts using either Y6 or PC71BM as acceptor. Incorporating the PC71BM in the binary host blend increases the absorption in the 300–500 nm wavelength region, generating more excitons in the active ternary layer and helping to dissociate the excitons into free charge carriers more effectively. The more appropriate nanoscale phase separation in the active ternary layer than the binary counterpart may be one of the reasons for higher PCE.
Prodromal depression and anxiety are associated with worse treatment compliance and survival among patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Davis Nathaniel E. , Hue Jonathan J. , Kyasaram Ravi K. , Elshami Mohamedraed , Graor Hallie J. , Zarei Mehrdad , Ji Karen , Katayama Erryk S. , Hajihassani Omid , Loftus Alexander W. , Shanahan John , Vaziri‐Gohar Ali , Rothermel Luke D. , Winter Jordan M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the frequency of depression or anxiety preceding a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (PC). Further, to examine the association of PC‐associated depression or anxiety with treatment compliance and survival.Methods856 patients with PC from a single institution were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. For each case, two non‐cancer age‐ and sex‐matched controls were included. Dates of depression or anxiety diagnosis identified using ICD codes were compared to the date of PC diagnosis. The medical record was queried to further explore psychiatric symptoms. Multivariable analyses were performed to examine if prediagnosis depression or anxiety was associated with receipt of treatment or survival.ResultsA greater proportion of patients with PC experienced depression or anxiety in the year preceding diagnosis than the overall frequency in controls (4.6% vs. 2.6%, p = 0.005) based on ICD codes. Patients with PC exhibited signs of prodromal depression or anxiety based on ICD codes, clinical documentation of psychiatric symptoms, or initiation of new psychiatric medications more often than controls (20.7% vs. 6.7%, p < 0.001). Prediagnosis depression or anxiety was associated with a reduced likelihood of receiving chemotherapy (OR = 0.58, p = 0.04). There was an associated decrease in overall survival among patients with metastatic disease who experienced depression or anxiety before PC diagnosis (HR = 1.32, p = 0.04).ConclusionsThe frequency of depression or anxiety among patients with PC was higher than the general population. Prediagnosis psychiatric symptoms were associated with reduced chemotherapy utilization and worse overall survival. Thus, timely identification and treatment of these symptoms may improve outcomes.
Probabilistically certified region of attraction of a tumor growth model with combined chemo‐ and immunotherapy
Authors: Moussa Kaouther , Fiacchini Mirko , Alamir Mazen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe recent progress in immunology lead to a considerable interest in modeling cancer dynamics in order to better understand and analyze such complex systems. Many works have been carried out in order to design cancer treatment protocols using mathematical models. One of the main complexities of such models is the presence of different types of uncertainties, which remains less considered in the literature. This article deals with the estimation of regions of attraction (RoAs) under parametric uncertainties for a cancer growth model with combined therapies. We propose a framework of probabilistic certification, based on the randomized methods, in order to derive probabilistically certified RoAs of a cancer growth model. The model considered in this article describes the interaction between a tumor and the immune system in presence of a combined chemo‐ and immunotherapy treatment, with considerations on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of both treatments.
De novo SNP calling reveals the genetic differentiation and morphological divergence in genus Amaranthus
Authors: Lin Ya‐Ping , Wu Tien‐Hor , Chan Yan‐Kuang , van Zonneveld Maarten , Schafleitner Roland 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAmaranth species (Amaranthus spp.) serve as pseudo cereals and also as traditional leafy vegetables worldwide. In addition to high vigor and richness in nutrients, drought and salinity tolerance makes amaranth a promising vegetable to acclimatize to the effects of global climate change. The World Vegetable Center gene bank conserves ∼1,000 amaranth accessions, and various agronomic properties of these accessions were recorded during seed regeneration over decades. In this study, we verified the taxonomic annotation of the germplasm based on a 15K single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) set. Given that the yield components of grain amaranth are different from those of leaf amaranth, we observed that grain amaranth species presented larger inflorescences and earlier flowering than leaf amaranth species. Dual‐purpose amaranth showed larger leaves than leaf amaranth and later flowering than grain amaranth, which seemed reasonable because farmers can harvest more leaves during the prolonged vegetable stage, which also provides recovery time to enrich grain production. Considering frequent interspecific hybridization among species of the grain amaranth complex, we performed an interspecific genome‐wide association study (GWAS) for days to flowering, identifying a AGL20/SOC1 homolog. Another GWAS using only A. tricolor L. accessions revealed six candidate genes homologous to lba1, bri1, sgs1, and fca. These homologous genes were involved in the regulation of flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. This study revealed the usefulness of genotypic data for species demarcation in the genus Amaranthus and the potential of interspecific GWAS to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) across different species, opening up the possibility of targeted introduction of specific genetic variants into different Amaranthus species.
Computational Concepts for Reconstructing and Simulating Brain Tissue
Authors: Schürmann Felix , Courcol Jean-Denis , Ramaswamy Srikanth 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIt has previously been shown that it is possible to derive a new class of biophysically detailed brain tissue models when one computationally analyzes and exploits the interdependencies or the multi-modal and multi-scale organization of the brain. These reconstructions, sometimes referred to as digital twins, enable a spectrum of scientific investigations. Building such models has become possible because of increase in quantitative data but also advances in computational capabilities, algorithmic and methodological innovations. This chapter presents the computational science concepts that provide the foundation to the data-driven approach to reconstructing and simulating brain tissue as developed by the EPFL Blue Brain Project, which was originally applied to neocortical microcircuitry and extended to other brain regions. Accordingly, the chapter covers aspects such as a knowledge graph-based data organization and the importance of the concept of a dataset release. We illustrate algorithmic advances in finding suitable parameters for electrical models of neurons or how spatial constraints can be exploited for predicting synaptic connections. Furthermore, we explain how in silico experimentation with such models necessitates specific addressing schemes or requires strategies for an efficient simulation. The entire data-driven approach relies on the systematic validation of the model. We conclude by discussing complementary strategies that not only enable judging the fidelity of the model but also form the basis for its systematic refinements.
Design of the Thermal Insulation Envelope of Energy-Efficient Buildings
Authors: Azinović Boris , Kilar Vojko , Koren David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe chapter describes the theory of designing the thermal insulation envelope of energyefficient buildings. The procedure of functional analysis of the building connection details is described and presented for three structural assembly connection types (»L«, »T«, »+«). Such theoretical knowledge of structural detailing is essential to eliminate thermal bridges and their negative impacts.
Structural Details in Energy-Efficient Buildings
Authors: Azinović Boris , Kilar Vojko , Koren David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn order to meet the EU Green Deal requirements, the thermal envelope of a modern energy-efficient building must be “wrapped” all around the building with no thermal bridges. This chapter describes the most important structural details and their effects on energy consumption and seismic resistance of the building as a whole. Those details where the energy efficiency might be inversely proportional to its earthquake resistance, are further explored and analysed.
Higher Education in the UK
Authors: Benner Mats , Grant Jonathan , O’Kane Mary 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOn the basis of the theoretical template of universities in society, this chapter outlines the evolution of higher education in the UK. The chapter shows the way in which British universities have been shaped in the interplay between academic, political and economic forces in recent decades, and how the adopted model of university governance has exposed them to vulnerabilities that ensue in periods of rapid ruptures in society. The chapter pays particular attention to the responses that have unfolded to the COVID-19 pandemic but also more generally to how universities have balanced the orientation to global templates with that of societal expectations.
The Lived Experience of Academics During the COVID Pandemic
Authors: Benner Mats , Grant Jonathan , O’Kane Mary 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis chapter is composed of short recollections of events and responses during the pandemic, in particular how the experience of individual academics coalesced with the organisational dynamics of universities, and how each of the contributors responded to and was affected by the pandemic, on a personal and a professional level. The experiences of faculty form the centrepiece, and how this group adapted its ways of doing teaching and research, as well as relating to students, staff and management in so doing.
Student-Centred Music Education: Principles to Improve Learning and Teaching
Authors: López-Íñiguez Guadalupe , Pérez Echeverría María Puy , Pozo Juan Ignacio , Torrado José Antonio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPlease keep calm, dear reader, this book is nearly at an end, and we began it by drawing attention to the need for a profound change in instrumental music education. The first two chapters examined the reasons why this change seemed necessary and the presence of a general social awareness that instrumental teaching is currently a non-starter.