bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased intake of mono‐ and disaccharides by Reeves's muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi). Effect on gastrointestinal tract structure and function and blood parameters
Authors: Przybyło Marcin , Flaga Jadwiga , Clauss Marcus , Szczepanik Kinga , Miltko Renata , Bełżecki Grzegorz , Kowalski Zygmunt M. , Górka Paweł 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of an increased mono‐ and disaccharide (MD) intake on selected functions and structure of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and selected blood parameters in Reeves's muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi), a small browsing ruminant. Eighteen male muntjacs were fed diets consisting of lucerne (ad libitum), a high fibre pellet (100 g/day) and wheat bran (30 g/day) without (MD0) or with addition of 10 or 20 g of glucose, fructose and sucrose mixture/day (MD10 and MD20, respectively) for 14 days. MD dosages were set to increase intake of these saccharides by 25% and 50% relative to MD0, which resulted in a range of water‐soluble carbohydrate content in the consumed dry matter from 7% to 12%. Compared to MD0 animals, MD20 animals had a lower dry matter intake, a higher MD concentrations in the reticulorumen (RR), abomasal and small intestinal digesta, higher ruminal butyrate concentration, higher SGLT1 expression in the epithelium of proximal jejunum, higher plasma glucose, lower RR tissue weight but greater caecal tissue weight (p ≤ 0.05), and had or tended to have shorter papillae and lower mucosa surface area in the Atrium ruminis (by 44%; p = 0.02 and p = 0.10, respectively); MD10 animals tended to have higher MD concentrations in the abomasal and small intestinal digesta (p ≤ 0.10), and a higher amylolytic activity (p = 0.02) as well as a tendency to lower xylanolytic activity in the RR digesta (p = 0.06). MD supplementation did not affect ruminal pH. In conclusion, low to moderate increase of MD intake increased MD concentrations in the RR, abomasal and intestinal digesta, and SGLT1 expression in intestinal epithelium, suggesting incomplete fermentation of those saccharides in the RR. MD supplementation dose‐dependently affects structure of GIT in Reeves's muntjac.
“[Y]ou are better off talking to a f****** wall”: The perceptions and experiences of grievance procedures among incarcerated people in Ireland
Authors: van der Valk Sophie , Aizpurua Eva , Rogan Mary 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe ways in which grievance procedures are used and perceived by incarcerated people raise important questions about the operation of procedural justice and legal consciousness and mobilization scholarship in settings where rights are especially vulnerable. This paper analyzes perceptions and usage of the grievance procedure for incarcerated people using survey data from people (N = 508) in three prisons in Ireland. We find that incarcerated people's views of the grievance procedures are generally negative, though some use it, especially those serving long sentences and those in segregation, with education level not significant in terms of usage. Additionally, having confidence in staff is associated with satisfaction with the procedure, as is the perception that one's rights are respected, showing important connections between perceptions of complaints and aspects of legal consciousness. We suggest a need for further situated analyses of procedural justice and legal consciousness, as well as practical requirements for complaints systems to elicit confidence among incarcerated people.
Dehydroascorbate induces plant resistance in rice against root‐knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola
Authors: Chavan Satish Namdeo , De Kesel Jonas , Desmedt Willem , Degroote Eva , Singh Richard Raj , Nguyen Giang Thu , Demeestere Kristof , De Meyer Tim , Kyndt Tina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAscorbic acid (AsA) is an important antioxidant in plants and regulates various physiological processes. In this study, we show that exogenous treatments with the oxidized form of AsA, that is, dehydroascorbate (DHA), activates induced systemic resistance in rice against the root‐knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola, and investigate the molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying this phenotype. Detailed transcriptome analysis on roots of rice plants showed an early and robust transcriptional response on foliar DHA treatment, with induction of several genes related to plant stress responses, immunity, antioxidant activity, and secondary metabolism already at 1 day after treatment. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of H2O2 levels confirmed the appearance of a reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst on DHA treatment, both at the site of treatment and systemically. Experiments using chemical ROS inhibitors or scavengers confirmed that H2O2 accumulation contributes to DHA‐based induced resistance. Furthermore, hormone measurements in DHA‐treated plants showed a significant systemic accumulation of the defence hormone salicylic acid (SA). The role of the SA pathway in DHA‐based induced resistance was confirmed by nematode infection experiments using an SA‐signalling deficient WRKY45‐RNAi line and reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR on SA marker genes. Our results collectively reveal that DHA activates induced systemic resistance in rice against the root‐knot nematode M. graminicola, mediated through the production of ROS and activation of the SA pathway.
Identification of a new species of Ixodes Latreille, 1795 (Acari: Ixodidae), parasite of hog badgers (Carnivora: Mustelidae) in China
Authors: Duan De‐Yong , Apanaskevich Dmitry A. , Liu Lei , Liu Guo‐Hua , Cheng Tian‐Yin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIxodes hunanensis n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae), is identified based on the morphological characteristics and molecular biological analyses of males and females ex hog badger, Arctonyx collaris Cuvier (Carnivora: Mustelidae) from China. Adults of this new species are similar to those of other species of the subgenus Pholeoixodes Schulze, 1942, from which they can be distinguished by the shape of basis capituli, development of cornua, size of porose areas, shape, and size of spurs on coxae and phylogenetic analyses of the cox1 and 16S rRNA sequences.
Micro‐Computed Tomography Analysis of Femoral Head Necrosis After Long‐Term Internal Fixation for Femoral Neck Fracture
Authors: Liu Yang , Liang Haoran , zhou Xin , Song Wenjie , Shao Huifeng , He Yong , Yang Yanfei , Guo Li , Li Pengcui , Wei Xiaochun , Duan Wangping 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo analyze necrotic femoral head after long‐term internal fixation for femoral neck fractures using micro‐computed tomography (CT) for bone histomorphometry.MethodsThe experimental group included six patients (two men and four women; mean age 62.00 ± 9.36 years) who underwent hip arthroplasty at 47.67 ± 14.22 months after internal fixation. Surgery was performed because of femoral head necrosis after femoral neck fracture between October 2018 and October 2020. The control group included three patients (two men and one woman; mean age 69.33 ± 4.62 years) who underwent hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture. In the experimental group, micro‐CT quantitative analysis of the whole femur, sclerotic region around screws, screw paths, sclerotic region and screw paths, and relatively normal region was performed. The bone volume fraction (BV/TV), number of bone trabeculae (Tb.N), connection density (Conn.D), thickness of bone trabeculae (Tb.Th), separation of bone trabeculae (Tb.SP), structural model index (SMI), and bone mineral density (BMD) of each part were quantitatively analyzed.ResultsThe BV/TV (0.3180 ± 0.0617), Conn.D (6.9261 ± 2.4715/mm3), Tb.Th (0.3262 ± 0.0136 μm), and BMD (298.9241 ± 54.2029 g/cm3) of the sclerotic region around the screws were significantly higher in the experimental group than the BV/TV (0.1248 ± 0.0390), Conn.D (2.5708 ± 0.5187/mm3), Tb.Th (0.1713 ± 0.0333 μm), and BMD (66.5181 ± 43.0380 g/cm3) in the control group (P < 0.05). The BV/TV (0.2222 ± 0.0684), Tb.Th (0.2775 ± 0.0326 μm), and BMD (195.0153 ± 71.8509 g/cm3) in the collapsed region were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05). In the experimental group, the volume ratio of the sclerotic region around screws and screw paths to the entire femoral head was 0.4964 ± 0.0950.ConclusionAfter internal fixation for femoral neck fracture, a large number of sclerotic plate‐like trabeculae were observed around the long‐term retained implant. The screw paths and surrounding sclerotic comprise approximately 50% of the femoral head volume.
Facilitadores y recomendaciones de proveedores de salud para la implementación de la Profilaxis Pre-Exposición en clínicas de VIH en Colombia. “Estudio PPrE-Colombia”
Authors: Arrivillaga Marcela , Gómez Sheila Andrea , Mueses Héctor Fabio , Alvarado Beatriz , Martínez Buitrago Ernesto , Camargo-Plazas Pilar , Hurtado Lina Rocio , Bolívar Maria Camila , Galindo Ximena , Torres Julián , Cajas-Martínez Jorge Luis 
Published: May 2022

Este artículo describe facilitadores y recomendaciones de proveedores de salud de clínicas de VIH para la implementación de PPrE en Colombia. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con entrevistas semiestructuradas a 20 proveedores de salud de 9 clínicas. Se utilizó el “Marco Consolidado para avanzar en la Ciencia de la Implementación” para guiar el análisis de contenido de los hallazgos. Los resultados fueron: Características de la intervención: los proveedores reconocen PPrE como una terapia innovadora, de demostrada efectividad; recomiendan que debe implementarse por normativa nacional del Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, con compra centralizada de medicamentos y adaptaciones a las diversidades regionales. Para ensamblar la PPrE en las clínicas, recomiendan articularla a programas preventivos de salud sexual, orientados por equipos interdisciplinarios capacitados. Ambiente externo: se recomendó fortalecer el trabajo en red con las secretarias de salud, Profamilia y organizaciones LGTBI; cambiar condiciones de contratación con las Entidades Promotoras de Salud para incluir PPrE dirigido a parejas de pacientes con VIH, y financiar con recursos públicos a personas que no la pueden pagar. Ambiente interno: clima y disponibilidad de implementación percibidos como favorables para la adopción de PPrE; para reducir tensiones organizacionales por el cambio recomiendan expandir los planes de capacitación. Proceso de implementación: se recomienda el diseño de planes nacionales, locales e institucionales, así como la atracción de líderes clave internos y externos. Se concluye que los proveedores de salud de los clínicas para VIH en Colombia perciben un ambiente favorable para la adopción de PPrE en el país.
Spectral Simulation on the Flow Patterns and Thermal Control of Radiative Nanofluid Spraying on an Inclined Revolving Disk Considering the Effect of Nanoparticle Diameter and Solid–Liquid Interfacial Layer
Authors: Acharya Nilankush 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe current work enlightens the flow pattern and thermal scenario of a nanofluid spraying on an inclined permeable rotating disk. The whirling disk is assumed to revolve with the angular speed Ω. The water-based alumina (Al2O3) nanofluid is considered as a functioning liquid. The nanofluid spraying is treated to be magnetically influenced and thermally radiative. The perception of the nanoparticles' diameter and solid–liquid interfacial layer is incorporated precisely at the nanolevel to observe the thermal variations of the nanofluidic motion. How the magnetic effect, permeability, and nanolayer affect nanofluidic transportation is revealed in detail. The leading flow equations are altered nondimensional using apposite similarity translation, and the spectral quasi-linearization method (SQLM) is instigated to tackle those multi-ordered nonlinear equations. Various three-dimensional figures, graphs, and tables are described to detect and analyze the hydrothermal variations. The linear regression slope technique is addressed to extract the reduction or enhancement rate of heat transference. Also, the probable error is estimated statistically to assure that hydrothermal characteristic is correlated with physical parameters. The consequences indicate enhanced heat transport for nanolayers, but reduced heat transmission for nanoparticles' diameter. Thermal profile intensifies for thickness parameter and impermeable surface, whereas decreases for nanoparticles' diameter.
Multiple metastatic clones assessed by an integrative multiomics strategy in clear cell renal carcinoma: a case study
Authors: Dagher Julien , Brunot Angelique , Evrard Bertrand , Kammerer-Jacquet Solene-Florence , Beaumont Marion , Cornevin Laurence , Derquin Fanny , Verhoest Gregory , Bensalah Karim , Lespagnol Alexandra , Dugay Frederic , Belaud-Rotureau Marc-Antoine , Chalmel Frédéric , Rioux-Leclercq Nathalie 
Published: May 2022

The dynamics of metastatic evolution in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are complex. We report a case study where tumour heterogeneity resulting from clonal evolution is a frequent feature and could play a role in metastatic dissemination.We used an integrative multiomics strategy combining genomic and transcriptomic data to classify fourteen specimens from spatially different areas of a kidney tumour and three non-primary sites including a vein thrombus and two adrenal metastases.All sites were heterogeneous and polyclonal, each tumour site containing two different aggressive subclonal populations, with differentially expressed genes implicated in distinct biological functions. These are rare primary metastatic samples prior to any medical treatment, where we showed a multiple metastatic seeding of two subclonal populations.Multiple interdependent lineages could be the source of metastatic heterogeneity in ccRCC. By sampling metastases, patients with resistance to therapies could benefit a combination of targeted therapies based on more than one aggressive clone.
Hostile Takeover: Tregs Expand in IFNγ-Rich AML Microenvironment
Authors: Ferrell P. Brent , Kordasti Shahram 
Published: May 2022

Summary
The unexpected higher level of IFNγ in a subset of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML; IFNγhigh) upregulates immunosuppressive genes in mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and expands regulatory T cells through IDO1 overexpression. IDO1 and IFNG gene expression was positively correlated and required both leukemia cells and MSCs, as IFNγhigh cells were not able to induce Tregs alone.
See related article by Corradi et al., p. 3141
GAS6-AXL Inhibition by AVB-500 Overcomes Resistance to Paclitaxel in Endometrial Cancer by Decreasing Tumor Cell Glycolysis
Authors: Bruce Shaina F. , Cho Kevin , Noia Hollie , Lomonosova Elena , Stock Elizabeth C. , Oplt Alyssa , Blachut Barbara , Mullen Mary M. , Kuroki Lindsay M. , Hagemann Andrea R. , McCourt Carolyn K. , Thaker Premal H. , Khabele Dineo , Powell Matthew A. , Mutch David G. , Shriver Leah P. , Patti Gary J. , Fuh Katherine C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Chemotherapy is often ineffective in advanced-stage and aggressive histologic subtypes of endometrial cancer. Overexpression of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL has been found to be associated with therapeutic resistance, metastasis, and poor prognosis. However, the mechanism of how inhibition of AXL improves response to chemotherapy is still largely unknown. Thus, we aimed to determine whether treatment with AVB-500, a selective inhibitor of GAS6-AXL, improves endometrial cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapy particularly through metabolic changes. We found that both GAS6 and AXL expression were higher by immunohistochemistry in patient tumors with a poor response to chemotherapy compared with tumors with a good response to chemotherapy. We showed that chemotherapy-resistant endometrial cancer cells (ARK1, uterine serous carcinoma and PUC198, grade 3 endometrioid adenocarcinoma) had improved sensitivity and synergy with paclitaxel and carboplatin when treated in combination with AVB-500. We also found that in vivo intraperitoneal models with ARK1 and PUC198 cells had decreased tumor burden when treated with AVB-500 + paclitaxel compared with paclitaxel alone. Treatment with AVB-500 + paclitaxel decreased AKT signaling, which resulted in a decrease in basal glycolysis. Finally, multiple glycolytic metabolites were lower in the tumors treated with AVB-500 + paclitaxel than in tumors treated with paclitaxel alone. Our study provides strong preclinical rationale for combining AVB-500 with paclitaxel in aggressive endometrial cancer models.
Extreme-Right Violence in the Portuguese Transition to Democracy
Authors: Marchi Riccardo , da Silva Raquel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Exército de Libertação de Portugal [ELP; Portugal’s Liberation Army] was one of the most infamous clandestine organizations active during the Portuguese transition to democracy, bringing together far-right militants from the deposed authoritarian regime. This organization has been considered the most dangerous terrorist group fighting for the restoration of Estado Novo’s regime. This article aims to challenge this statement, recurrently defended by international historiography, through an in-depth case study of the ELP, which is assessed in its genesis, structuring, ideological identity, strategy and operative capacity, permeability to repression, and dissolution. This study is based on a qualitative methodology triangulating data dispersed in the existing scientific and journalistic literature with data collected, unprecedently, in private archives and through face-to-face interviews with former ELP militants. Therefore, this paper is of importance to scholarship on the Portuguese transition to democracy, but also on the role of the extreme right in other post-authoritarian contexts, and on political violence in processes of democratization.
Tropical Cyclone Track Prediction with an Encoding-to-Forecasting Deep Learning Model
Authors: Dong Pingping , Lian Jie , Yu Hui , Pan Jianguo , Zhang Yuping , Chen Guomin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recently, with the accumulation of remote sensing data, the traditional tropical cyclone (TC) track prediction methods (e.g., dynamic methods and statistical methods) have limitations in prediction efficiency and accuracy when dealing with a large amount of data. However, deep learning methods begin to show their advantages to capture the complex spatiotemporal features in high-dimensional data. The task of TC track prediction based on remote sensing images can be formulated as a spatiotemporal sequence-to-sequence problem. Therefore, a novel encoding-to-forecasting model with convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) and spatial attention network (SAN-EFSModel) was proposed to predict TC tracks in this paper, which can fully extract the long-term spatial and temporal features. The proposed model was evaluated on the real remote sensing images in the western North Pacific Ocean to forecast 24-h TC tracks. Compared with ECMWF-HRES model and NCEP-GFS model, the proposed method has a better prediction accuracy in the testing set with an average position error about 30 km less. Compared with the deep learning methods, the proposed method also has the best performance.

Significance Statement
Tropical cyclones have a great impact on human life and natural environment due to their high frequency of occurrence, heavy degree of harm, wide impact range, and long disaster chain. In this article, we propose an encoding-to-forecasting model with convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) and spatial attention network (SAN-EFSModel) to predict tropical cyclone tracks, in which the SAN module and the convolution module of ConvLSTM have the ability to extract spatial features, and the long short-term memory (LSTM) module of ConvLSTM can extract temporal features from remote sensing images and tropical cyclone tracks. The results show that the average position error (APE) of our proposed method has about 30% improvement in a 24-h forecast compared with prevailing numerical weather prediction models.
Aspirin Use as a Risk Factor for Marginal Ulceration in Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Patients: A Meta-Analysis of 24,770 Patients
Authors: Portela Ray C. , Sharma Ishna , Vahibe Ahmet , Hassan Omer , Spaniolas Konstantinos , Dayyeh Barham Abu , Clapp Benjamin , Ghanem Omar M. 
Published: May 2022

Background Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a recognized, safe bariatric procedure with minimal complications. Marginal ulceration, however, remains a challenging problem with an incidence of 8-12%. While chronic NSAID use is an established risk factor for ulcer formation, aspirin use itself as a cause for marginal ulceration is still unclear. We aim to compare the rates of marginal ulceration in RYGB with and without aspirin use. Methods PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for articles between 2008 and 2021 by two independent reviewers using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). The risk of bias was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was conducted using a fixed-effect model. Results From 5324 studies screened, we included 3 studies. Two studies had a low risk of bias, and the other one presented a high risk of bias on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We included 24,770 patients, 1911 with aspirin use and 22,859 without aspirin use. After the meta-analysis, patients who used aspirin had a significantly higher marginal ulceration rate than those who did not (OR = 1.33 [95% CI 1.08 to 1.63], P < .002; I2 = 39%). Conclusions Aspirin use is associated with increased rates of marginal ulceration after RYGB.
Strong Equity: Repositioning Teacher Education for Social Change
Authors: Cochran-Smith Marilyn , Keefe Elizabeth Stringer 
Published: May 2022

Background: Equity is invoked as a watchword in teacher education—a catch-all connected to an array of issues related to diversity, justice, or gaps in outcomes and opportunities for minoritized groups. This conceptual article argues that equity is often undefined and undertheorized in teacher education, and the complexities involved in addressing the structural inequalities of schooling are seldom acknowledged. Purpose: This article unpacks recurring themes in the discourse of equity and teacher education. We suggest that in the teacher education discourse, equity appears frequently, but there is little attention to the structural and systemic policies that reproduce inequity in the first place. Second, we elaborate on the distinction between thin equity and strong equity, suggesting that this can be a powerful tool for clarifying, comparing, and critiquing the differences in meanings of equity. Third, we suggest that although thin conceptions of equity are prominent, some teacher education scholars and practitioners utilize stronger notions of equity in the work of teacher preparation. Conclusion: We conclude that notions of strong equity can help reposition teacher education as part of a broader effort to bring about genuine change.
Cosmopolitanism and Global Ethics
Authors: Zhang Longxi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEmbracing all humanity as one's own is the core of the modern idea of cosmopolitanism, but the present time with rising tribalism, populism, racism, and narrow-minded nationalism is not propitious for cosmopolitanism. At a time like this, the cosmopolitan effort to see cultures and peoples as close to one another rather than absolutely different becomes all the more important. The comparative study of different cultures and literatures may promote a cosmopolitan stance, and from a comparative perspective, we may draw some ideas from the ancient Chinese philosopher Mencius for a theory of global ethics.