bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress and anxiety among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in russia
Authors: Mosolova E. , Sosin D. , Mosolov S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMental health of medical workers treating patients with COVID-19 is an issue of increasing concern worldwide, since previous epidemics have shown high levels of anxiety and stress in front-line healthcare professionals. The available data on stress and anxiety symptoms among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 are relatively limited and have not been evaluated in Russia yet.ObjectivesTo evaluate stress and anxiety symptoms among healthcare workers directly involved in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with COVID-19 during the peak of disease outbreak in Russia.MethodsThe study was a cross-sectional hospital-based anonymous on-line survey in May 2020 of 1,090 healthcare workers practicing treatment of patients with COVID-19. Stress and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Russian versions of Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemic scale (SAVE-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scales. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the influence of different variables.ResultsThe median scores on the GAD-7 and SAVE-9 were 5 and 14, respectively. 49.1% respondents had moderate and 21.9% had severe anxiety according to SAVE-9. 12.3% had severe anxiety, 13.2% had moderate according to GAD-7. Female gender and younger age were associated with higher level of anxiety according to regression model.ConclusionsOur study has shown that healthcare workers in Russia practicing treatment of patients with COVID-19 reported high rates of stress and anxiety similar to other countries. Female gender, younger age and being a physician were associated with higher levels of anxiety. These results demonstrate the importance of supportive programs for health care workers fighting COVID-19.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
I-mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (i-MBCT) in the treatment of COVID-19 related adjustment disorder. a RCT study with active control group
Authors: Holas P. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAdjustment disorder (AD) is described as a maladaptive reaction to an identifiable psychosocial stressor/s that usually emerges within a month after the onset of the stressor. With all uncertainty, fears and disorientation, it’s no surprise that many people have developed an AD linked to the sudden changes brought about by COVID-19, such as threat to life, imposed restrictions, and the associated changes. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been found to be effective for depression and anxiety problems, little is known, however, about its efficacy for adjustment disorder.ObjectivesThe aim of the current research was to evaluate if 4 weeks long, modified internet-delivered MBCT can reduce symptoms of Covid-19 related AD.Methods438 individuals with a diagnosis of AD were recruited to take part in the study. They were randomly assigned to i-MBCT, i-progressive muscle relaxation training (i-PMR), and Waiting List (WL). Assessments with questionnaires evaluating AD (ADMN-20), depression (PHQ-9, HADS-D), and anxiety (HADS-A, GAD-7) were filled at baseline, 4-week, and 1-month post-randomization. 142 individuals completed baseline and 4 week assessment (i-MBCT, n= 34; i-PMR, n= 36 and WL, n=72).ResultsWe found a significant reduction in AD symptoms following the i-MBCT group, whereas no change was found in both control conditions. While a decrease in depressive and anxiety was found in both i-MBCT and i-PMR groups, the greatest reduction has been observed in i-MBCT.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest that i-MBCT can be an effective intervention in treating Covid-19 related AD, but more studies are needed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Adolescent oral contraceptive use and future major depressive disorder
Authors: Wit A. De , Anderl C. , Giltay E. , Oldehinkel T. , Chen F. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPreviously reported associations between oral contraceptives (OCs) use and depression have been conflicting. Insight into the impact of analytical choices on the association may help to reconcile previous heterogeneous findings.ObjectivesWe aimed to examine the association between adolescent OC use and subsequent depression risk in early adulthood analyzing all theoretically justifiable models.MethodsWomen from the prospective cohort study Tracking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS) were included in this study. All justifiable associations between adolescent OC use (ages 16-19 years) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in early adulthood (ages 20-25 years) as assessed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV oriented Lifetime Depression Assessment Self-Report and the Composite International Diagnostic Interview were tested.ResultsA total of 818 analytical models were analyzed in 534 adolescent OC users and 191 nonusers. Overall, there was a tentative association of adolescent OC use and an episode of MDD in early adulthood (median odds ratio [OR] median=1.41; ORmin=1.08; ORmax=2.18, permutation testing p-value 1 = .052, and p-value 2 = .046), which was primarily driven by the group of young women with no history of MDD (ORmedian=1.72; ORmin=1.21; ORmax=2.18, both permutation testing p-values = .02).ConclusionsAdolescent OC use was associated with an increased risk for experiencing an episode of MDD, but only among women with no history of MDD in adolescence. Understanding the potential side effects of OCs will help women and their doctors make informed choices when deciding among possible methods of birth control.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Use of pharmacotherapies for treatment resistant depression in finland: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Taipale H. , Lähteenvuo M. , Tanskanen A. , Rannanpää S. , Tiihonen J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThere is a lack of knowledge on utilized pharmacotherapies for treatment resistant depression (TRD).ObjectivesTo investigate the courses of treatment of TRD.MethodsAll patients aged 16-65 years and diagnosed with depression in Finland during 2004-2016 were included (identified from nationwide registers for inpatient and specialized outpatient care, sick leaves and disability pensions). New antidepressant users were identified with six-month washout period and followed up for two years to observe the possible emergence of TRD, which was defined as initiation of a third treatment after having two failed pharmacological treatments with adequate duration. Pharmacological treatments were analyzed using PRE2DUP-method.ResultsDuring follow-up, 177,144 persons had their first registered depression (mean age:39.5, 62.5% women). Of them, 10.9% (N=19,322) met TRD criteria. Among the TRD patients, most common first and second lines antidepressants were as follows: SSRIs (44.6%), mirtazapine (19.0%) and SNRIs (16.5%). As the third line of treatment, 44.2% of TRD patients had antidepressant monotherapy, 32.1% a combination of ≥2 antidepressants, 15.8% antipsychotic or mood stabilizer augmentation and an antidepressant, 4.9% both combination of antidepressants and an augmentation with a mood stabilizer or antipsychotic, 2.7% antipsychotic or mood stabilizer monotherapy and 0.3% ECT monotherapy. Of TRD patients, 36.2% (N=6985) progressed to the fourth line of treatment and most common treatments were antidepressant monotherapy (37.5%), antidepressant combinations (30.8%) and augmentation (20.3%).ConclusionsAlthough antidepressant combination and augmentation strategies became more frequent, antidepressant monotherapies were still the most common third and fourth lines of depression treatment.DisclosureThe study was funded by Janssen and SR is an employee of Janssen.
Screening for depression: The added value of actigraphy and smartphone-based intensive sampling of depressive affect and behaviors
Authors: Minaeva O. , Riese H. , Lamers F. , Antypa N. , Wichers M. , Booij S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn many countries, depressed individuals often first visit primary care settings for consultation, but a considerable number of clinically depressed patients remains unidentified. Introducing additional screening tools may facilitate the diagnostic process.ObjectivesThis study aims to examine whether Experience Sampling Method (ESM)-based measures of depressive affect and behaviors can discriminate depressed from non-depressed individuals. In addition, the added value of actigraphy-based measures was examined.MethodsWe used data from two samples to develop and validate prediction models. The development dataset included 14 days of ESM and continuous actigraphy of currently depressed (n=43) and non-depressed individuals (n=82). The validation dataset included 30 days of ESM and continuous actigraphy of currently depressed (n=27) and non-depressed individuals (n=27). Backward stepwise logistic regression analyses were applied to build the prediction models. The performance of the models was assessed with the goodness of fit indices, calibration curves, and discriminative ability (AUC, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve).ResultsIn the development dataset, the discriminative ability was good for the actigraphy model (AUC=0.790) and excellent for the ESM (AUC=0.991) and combined-domains model (AUC=0.993). In the validation dataset, the discriminative ability was reasonable for the actigraphy model (AUC=0.648) and excellent for the ESM (AUC=0.891) and combined-domains model (AUC=0.892).ConclusionsESM is a good diagnostic predictor and is easy to calculate, and, therefore, holds promise for implementation in clinical practice. Actigraphy shows no added value to ESM as a diagnostic predictor, but might still be useful when active monitoring with ESM is not feasible.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Eating disturbances in subjects with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disabilities
Authors: Bertino V. , Demartini B. , Nisticò V. , Tedesco R. , Faggioli R. , Gambini O. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThere is a growing interest in the relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and Eating Disorders (ED), two relatively common conditions lying on a spectrum from mild to severe clinical features. However, only limited data are available about pathological eating behaviours throughout adults on the autistic spectrum.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study is to assess dysfunctional eating behaviours, including ED manifestations and ASD-related eating disturbances, in a population of adults with ASD with no intellectual disabilities.MethodsWe recruited 115 adults on the autistic spectrum, with no intellectual disability and 114 neurotypical adults (NA). Participants completed the “Eating Attitude Test” (EAT-26), to measure symptoms and concerns characteristic of ED, and the “Swedish Eating Assessment for Autism Spectrum Disorders” (SWEAA), to assess eating behaviours frequently seen within the autistic spectrum.ResultsSubjects with ASD scored significantly higher than NA at the EAT-26 and at the SWEAA. Women reported higher scores than men. Moreover, an interaction effect Group*Gender emerged at the EAT-26 only, with women with ASD scoring higher than men with and than NA overall. ASD subjects scored higher than NA at the EAT-26 subscales Dieting and Bulimia. Furthermore, the higher the SWEAA total score was, the more likely it was that a subject on the autistic spectrum would score above the cut-off of 20 at the EAT-26.ConclusionsThese results indicate that adults with ASD without intellectual disability presented not only a higher prevalence of eating disturbances typical of autistic spectrum, but also other ED symptoms in comparison to NA.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Not everyone is the same: Latent profile analysis of food addiction, personality traits and loneliness among young adults
Authors: Charzynska E. , Atroszko P. , Brytek-Matera A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionFood addiction (FA) has been found to correlate with personality traits and psychosocial factors (Zhao et al., 2018). However, the vast majority of studies on this subject use the variable-oriented approach, which assumes that relationships between specific variables are identical in a given population (Collins & Lanza, 2010).ObjectivesThe main aim of this study was to assess the heterogeneity of young adults with respect to food addiction, personality traits (extraversion, conscientiousness and emotional stability) and loneliness. The secondary aim was to examine the relationships between profile membership and well-being.MethodsThe sample consisted of 1,157 young adults (58.1% women). The Yale Food Addiction Scale, the Ten-Item Personality Inventory and the Short Loneliness Scale were used in the present study. Various aspects of well-being were included (e.g. quality of life). Latent Profile Analysis was performed twice: in the full sample, and in the subsample of individuals with increased FA (defined as z-score ≥ 1; n = 213).ResultsFour profiles were identified both in the full sample and in the subsample. The best functioning was observed in individuals who scored high on extraversion and low on loneliness, despite their relatively high levels of FA. Young adults who scored high on FA and loneliness, and low on extraversion, conscientiousness and emotional stability, were more likely to have the worst functioning.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that using the person-oriented approach may expand our knowledge on the role of personality traits and psychosocial factors in determining the effects of FA on well-being.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
COVID-19 pandemic and eating disorders: What impact on specific and general psychopathology?
Authors: Barone E. , Marciello F. , Cascino G. , Abbate-Daga G. , Anselmetti S. , Baiano M. , Balestrieri M. , Bertelli S. , Carpiniello B. , Castellini G. , Corrivetti G. , De Giorgi S. , Favaro A. , Gramaglia C. , Marzola E. , Monaco F. , Oriani M.G. , Federica P. , Rania M. , Renna C. , Ricca V. , Salvo P. , Segura-Garcia C. , Scarabel F. , Todisco P. , Volpe U. , Zeppegno P. , Monteleone P. , Monteleone A.M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the resulting containment measures, such as “lockdown” and “social distancing”, have had important consequences on people’s mental and physical health.ObjectivesWe aimed to study the effect of social isolation and subsequent re- exposure and eventual changes in general and ED-specific psychopathology in people with Eating Disorders (EDs).MethodsThree-hundred twelve Italian people with EDs (179 Anorexia Nervosa, 83 Bulimia Nervosa, 48 Binge Eating Disorder and 22 Other Specific Feeding Eating Disorder) were asked to fill-in an online survey to explore several dimensions such as: anxiety, depression, panic, insomnia, suicide ideation, stress, post-traumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Differences in ED specific and general symptoms among the 3 investigated time periods (before, during and after the end of lockdown) were assessed with a one-way ANOVA with repeated measures. Subsequently, ED diagnosis was introduced as covariate in the analysis in order to investigate the possible contribution on psychopathological changes.ResultsED core symptoms increased during the lockdown but most of them returned to pre-COVID19 levels at re-opening. The severity of general psychopathology also increased during the lockdown and persisted high in the following phase, except for depression and suicide ideation. None of this symptoms was affected by ED diagnosis, participants’age and illness duration.ConclusionsPeople with EDs showed worsening of both general and specific psychopathology; moreover, changes in general psychopathology persisted in the re-opening period suggesting a higher stress vulnerability in this kind of patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.KeywordCOVID19 and Eating Disorders
Psychiatric morbidity among undergraduate students of university of Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria
Authors: Buhari O. , Ogunmodede A.J. , Bolarinwa O. , Adegunloye O. , Adegoke A. , Oguntayo R. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe Nigerian tertiary education system admits mostly teenagers and young adults from different ethno-religious and family backgrounds, some of whom may have inherent risks and predisposition to mental illness. They then undergo stressful conditions related to the university life such as long durations of lectures, over-crowding, and lack of social amenities, haphazard lecture schedules as well as incessant industrial strike actions of academic and non- academic staff. In spite of these, there appears to be few studies on the burden of emotional and mental disorders among Nigerian University students, and none was cited suggesting interventions that may be appropriate.ObjectivesThe objectives of the study is to determine the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and its associated factors among undergraduate students of Univesity of IlorinMethodsThis is a cross-sectional study using multi staged systematic randomization. A self-administered socidemographic questionnaire and the 12 item general health questionnaire (GHQ -12) was administered on 3,300 students.ResultsPsychiatric morbidity was found to be 23.6% of the 3179 analyzable returned questionnaires. Factors found to be significantly associated with psychiatric morbidity included female gender, relationship with parents, parental employment status and family structure. Students on scholarship were more likely to have mental illness. Other associated factors include whether course of study was the preferred one and relationships with peers and lecturers on campus. About 46.6% of the students were willing to have internet based mental health intervention programmes.ConclusionsThe data obtained from this study is relevant for the formation of mental health promotion and prevention programs on our campus.Disclosurethis study is part of the first phase of a three phase study. it aims to explore the factors associated with psychiatric morbidity among University student as a precursor for determining appropriate mental health interventions. it was partly funded by the
Role of multidimensional evaluations in the support of school trajectories of children with mild to moderate intellectual disability
Authors: Touil N. , Curie A. , Reymond M.-P. , Subtil F. , Roche S. , Gaillard S. , Kassai B. , Portes V. Des 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThere is a lack of objective evaluation with validated tools in school children with intellectual disability (ID). Standardized and validated tools, allowing children evaluations and follow-up, exist but are poorly used. Our action-study wishes to develop evaluation practices to better adapt to the specific needs of children with ID.ObjectivesWe evaluated the multidimensional profiles (cognitive, adaptative and behavioral) of children with ID attending regular or adapted school system.MethodsSchool children, aged 5 to 13 years old, with mild to moderate ID were enrolled in this French cohort study. The multidimensional evaluation consisted of a school evaluation grid proposed by the French educational system, a scale of school needs (GEVA-sco), an intellectual assessment (WISC IV), a behavior adaptative scale (Vineland II) and a behavior rating scale (the French Nisonger Child Behavior Rating Form (Nisonger CBRF)). The results of this multidimensional assessment were analyzed.ResultsBetween November 2014 and June 2016, 121 children were enrolled, 3 children were lost to follow-up. Analysis was performed on 118 children. Seventy one (60.2 %) were male. Fifty-two (44.1%) were aged 6 to 9 years. Sixty-eight (57.6%) children were in regular schools and 50 (42.4%) in adapted schools. Children in regular schools had a higher mean IQ score (57.5) than children in adapted schools (43.5). The adaptative behavior profile of children in regular school is less severe than in children in adapted schools.ConclusionsMultidimensional evaluations allow optimizing and personalizing support. Evaluation of adaptative behavior is more informative than cognitive profile which does not differentiate between children skillsDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Multimodal magnetic resonance spectroscopy and surface-based morphometry study of individuals at ultra-high-risk for psychosis
Authors: Tomyshev A. , Menshchikov P. , Omelchenko M. , Kaleda V. , Kupriyanov D. , Lebedeva I. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionStudies examining gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) or glutamate in ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR) have shown conflicting results, and a number of multimodal studies examining associations between metabolite and structural characteristics is very limited.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate potential associations between GABA and glutamate levels and cortical thickness in the frontal lobe in UHR individuals and healthy controls (HC).Methods20 male UHR individuals and 19 healthy controls (HC) underwent structural MRI and MR spectroscopy at 3T Philips scanner. T1-weighted images were processed via FreeSurfer 6.0 to quantify cortical thickness for selected frontal regions labeled according to Desikan atlas. MEGA-PRESS acquisitions were analyzed with jMRUi (ver. 5.1 Alpha), levels of GABA and glutamate were calculated as ratios to creatine + phosphocreatine.ResultsThe study revealed: 1) GABA/Cr ratios reduction in the left frontal lobe (p=0.001) which was not attributable to antipsychotic medication; 2) cortical thickness reductions in the left pars orbitalis (p=0.005) (the anterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus) in the UHR individuals compared to HC. No significant correlations between GABA/Cr ratios and cortical thickness were identified in both groups.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that the UHR state is associated with altered GABA levels and cortical thickness reductions in the prefrontal cortex. The results also show that GABA levels are not directly related to cortical abnormalities, suggesting that altered metabolite levels may be associated with a complex system of structural and functional impairments, rather than directly correlating with structural changes in separate cortical regions. The work was supported by RFBR grant 19-29-10040.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Should schizoaffective disorder be diagnosed cross-sectionally (ICD-11) instead of longitudinally (DSM-5)?
Authors: Falkai P. 
Published: February 2022

Several changes to the classification of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders have been made to increase the reliability, clinical use and validity of the diagnostic classification which are considered here. A diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder would only be made in ICD-11 when the definitional requirement of schizophrenia is met concurrently with mood symptoms that meet the definitional requirements of a moderate or severe depressive episode, a manic episode, or a mixed episode. This requirement is more restrictive compared to ICD-10, which just required the presence of symptoms of schizophrenia and mood disorder. The total duration requirement would be 4 weeks. A cross-sectional approach was maintained in the ICD-11 for schizoaffective disorders as there is no evidence on how a longitudinal “lifetime” criterion impacts cross-sectional inter-rater reliability, and the reliability of lifetime symptoms’ report by patients and retrospective assessment by clinicians remains unknown.DisclosureNo significant relationships.