bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Model of Superficial Lymph Nodes Based on Clinical History and Ultrasound Findings: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tan Xiao-Qu , Qian Lin-Xue , Zhao Jun-Feng , Sun Peng-Fei , Li Qing-Qing , Feng Ruo-Xuan 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesDifferentiation of benign and malignant changes in lymph nodes is extremely important. We aimed to identify the ultrasound and clinical diagnostic criteria permitting this differentiation.MethodsClinical and ultrasound data were collected at Beijing Friendship Hospital from May 2019 to November 2020. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using statistical methods, and a mathematical model was established to evaluate benign and malignant lymph nodes.ResultsA total of 1343 LNs (person) with US‐guided core needle or fine needle biopsy (CNB or FNB) were evaluated in the analysis. Variables with a high predictive power were sex (odds ratio, OR: 3.360, p&lt;0.001), short diameter (OR: 4.660, p&lt;0.001), short/long diameter (S/L) ratio (OR: 1.515, P=0.007), border (OR: 1.626, p=0.002), cortex echogenicity (OR: 2.089, P&lt;0.001), fusion (OR: 2.313, p=0.002), vascularity (peripheral vascularity, OR: 3.424, p&lt;0.001; mixed vascularity, OR: 4.127, p&lt;0.001), and medical history (fever/local pain, OR: 0.316, p&lt;0.001; tumor history in the drainage area, OR: 4.595, p&lt;0.001; both, OR: 5.554, p&lt;0.001). The cut-off score on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis using these eight variables was 2.5. The largest area under the ROC curve (Az) value was 82.3% (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.805–0.851), and the sensitivity (79.4%), specificity (72.3%), and accuracy (74.8%) were higher than those for nearly all the single indices.ConclusionThe model of combination of ultrasound and clinical symptoms can preliminarily evaluate the benign and malignant of lymph nodes.
Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation Combined With Chemotherapy Versus Chemotherapy Only for Ovarian Cancer Liver Metastasis
Authors: Wu Chun-Xue , Chen Miao-Ling , Zhang Hao , Han Jian-Jun 
Published: January 2022

PurposeTo compare the feasibility and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone in patients with ovarian cancer liver metastasis (OCLM).MethodsIn this retrospective study, a total of 60 patients diagnosed with OCLM between May 2015 to February 2017 were included. All patients with ovarian cancer received chemotherapy and primary cytoreductive surgery before. Thirty patients underwent RFA and chemotherapy, and thirty patients only took chemotherapy. The overall survival (OS), CA-125 levels, and serum AST and ALT levels were compared between the two groups.ResultsIn the RFA group, the 1-,2-, and 3-year OS rates after RFA were 93.3%, 80.0%, and 53.3%, respectively. Serum AST and ALT levels were both elevated after RFA (p=0.0004, p&lt;0.0001). In the chemotherapy group, the 1-,2-, and 3-year OS rates were 79.5%, 60.1%, and 42.1%, respectively. Levels of serum AST and ALT were stable. CA-125 levels for both groups were also available.ConclusionBased on our analysis of a single institution’s series of patients with OCLM, RFA could be a feasibly effective option in the management of OCLM.
Radiomics Study for Discriminating Second Primary Lung Cancers From Pulmonary Metastases in Pulmonary Solid Lesions
Authors: Zhong Feiyang , Liu Zhenxing , An Wenting , Wang Binchen , Zhang Hanfei , Liu Yumin , Liao Meiyan 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to assess the value of quantitative radiomics features in discriminating second primary lung cancers (SPLCs) from pulmonary metastases (PMs).MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 252 malignant pulmonary nodules with histopathologically confirmed SPLCs or PMs and randomly assigned them to a training or validation cohort. Clinical data were collected from the electronic medical records system. The imaging and radiomics features of each nodule were extracted from CT images.ResultsA rad-score was generated from the training cohort using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. A clinical and radiographic model was constructed using the clinical and imaging features selected by univariate and multivariate regression. A nomogram composed of clinical-radiographic factors and a rad-score were developed to validate the discriminative ability. The rad-scores differed significantly between the SPLC and PM groups. Sixteen radiomics features and four clinical-radiographic features were selected to build the final model to differentiate between SPLCs and PMs. The comprehensive clinical radiographic–radiomics model demonstrated good discriminative capacity with an area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.9421 and 0.9041 in the respective training and validation cohorts. The decision curve analysis demonstrated that the comprehensive model showed a higher clinical value than the model without the rad-score.ConclusionThe proposed model based on clinical data, imaging features, and radiomics features could accurately discriminate SPLCs from PMs. The model thus has the potential to support clinicians in improving decision-making in a noninvasive manner.
Combining a Pharmacological Network Model with a Bayesian Signal Detection Algorithm to Improve the Detection of Adverse Drug Events
Authors: Ji Xiangmin , Cui Guimei , Xu Chengzhen , Hou Jie , Zhang Yunfei , Ren Yan 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Improving adverse drug event (ADE) detection is important for post-marketing drug safety surveillance. Existing statistical approaches can be further optimized owing to their high efficiency and low cost.Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the proposed approach for use in pharmacovigilance, the early detection of potential ADEs, and the improvement of drug safety.Methods: We developed a novel integrated approach, the Bayesian signal detection algorithm, based on the pharmacological network model (ICPNM) using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) data published from 2004 to 2009 and from 2014 to 2019Q2, PubChem, and DrugBank database. First, we used a pharmacological network model to generate the probabilities for drug-ADE associations, which comprised the proper prior information component (IC). We then defined the probability of the propensity score adjustment based on a logistic regression model to control for the confounding bias. Finally, we chose the Side Effect Resource (SIDER) and the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) data to evaluate the detection performance and robustness of the ICPNM compared with the statistical approaches [disproportionality analysis (DPA)] by using the area under the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUC) and Youden’s index.Results: Of the statistical approaches implemented, the ICPNM showed the best performance (AUC, 0.8291; Youden’s index, 0.5836). Meanwhile, the AUCs of the IC, EBGM, ROR, and PRR were 0.7343, 0.7231, 0.6828, and 0.6721, respectively.Conclusion: The proposed ICPNM combined the strengths of the pharmacological network model and the Bayesian signal detection algorithm and performed better in detecting true drug-ADE associations. It also detected newer ADE signals than a DPA and may be complementary to the existing statistical approaches.
Safety of Bottle-Feeding Under Nasal Respiratory Support in Preterm Lambs With and Without Tachypnoea
Authors: Elsedawi Basma Fathi , Samson Nathalie , Nadeau Charlène , Vanhaverbeke Kristien , Nguyen Nam , Alain Charles , Fortin-Pellerin Etienne , Praud Jean-Paul 
Published: January 2022

Aim: Convalescing preterm infants often require non-invasive respiratory support, such as nasal continuous positive airway pressure or high-flow nasal cannulas. One challenging milestone for preterm infants is achieving full oral feeding. Some teams fear nasal respiratory support might disrupt sucking–swallowing–breathing coordination and induce severe cardiorespiratory events. The main objective of this study was to assess the safety of oral feeding of preterm lambs on nasal respiratory support, with or without tachypnoea.Methods: Sucking, swallowing and breathing functions, as well as electrocardiogram, oxygen haemoglobin saturation, arterial blood gases and videofluoroscopic swallowing study were recorded in 15 preterm lambs during bottle-feeding. Four randomly ordered conditions were studied: control, nasal continuous positive airway pressure (6 cmH2O), high-flow nasal cannulas (7 L•min–1), and high-flow nasal cannulas at 7 L•min–1 at a tracheal pressure of 6 cmH2O. The recordings were repeated on days 7–8 and 13–14 to assess the effect of maturation.Results: None of the respiratory support impaired the safety or efficiency of oral feeding, even with tachypnoea. No respiratory support systematically impacted sucking–swallowing–breathing coordination, with or without tachypnoea. No effect of maturation was found.Conclusion: This translational physiology study, uniquely conducted in a relevant animal model of preterm infant with respiratory impairment, shows that nasal respiratory support does not impact the safety or efficiency of bottle-feeding or sucking–swallowing–breathing coordination. These results suggest that clinical studies on bottle-feeding in preterm infants under nasal continuous positive airway pressure and/or high-flow nasal cannulas can be safely undertaken.
Peer Relationships and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents: Results From the German BELLA Study
Authors: Adedeji Adekunle , Otto Christiane , Kaman Anne , Reiss Franziska , Devine Janine , Ravens-Sieberer Ulrike 
Published: January 2022

Background: Poor mental health affects adolescent development and is associated with health and social outcomes in later life. The current study uses cross-sectional data to explore the understudied aspects of peer relationships as a predictor of depressive symptom severity of adolescents in Germany.Method: Data from the German BELLA study were analyzed. We focused on the most recent measurement point of the BELLA study and analyzed data of 446 adolescents (aged 14–17 years). Peer relationship was measured using four items from the internationally established Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Depressive symptoms were assessed via seven items of the German version of the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Short Depression Scale (CES-D). Hierarchical linear regression models were computed to explore the association between depressive symptoms and peer relationships. Hierarchical linear regression models served to determine the added predictive effects of each aspect of peer relationships.Result: The regression model showed that 22% of the variance of the severity of depressive symptoms could be explained by the quality of adolescents’ peer relationships (F(1,444) = 125.65, p &lt; 0.001). Peer acceptance has the most substantial unique contribution to peer relationship as a predictor of depressive symptom severity (Change in R2 = 0.05; Change in F = 27.01, p &lt; 0.001). The gender-specific analysis shows different trends for boys and girls.Conclusion: The quality of peer relationships is a significant predictor of adolescents’ depressive symptoms severity. Improved peer acceptance, dependability, and ease of making new friends are significantly associated with reduced depression symptoms for Germany’s adolescent population.
The Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome-Quality of Life Scale (GTS-QOL): A Validation in Japanese Patients
Authors: Goto Ryunosuke , Matsuda Natsumi , Nonaka Maiko , Hamamoto Yu , Eriguchi Yosuke , Fujiwara Mayu , Suzuki Akane , Yokoyama Yukari , Kano Yukiko 
Published: January 2022

Background: Though Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (GTS) has significant impact on the quality of life of its patients, measures of health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) specific to adolescents and adults with GTS were not developed until recently. The present study provides evidence on the validity of the Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome-Quality of Life Scale (GTS-QOL), the first disease-specific HR-QOL instrument for GTS patients, for the first time in an East Asian sample.Methods: One hundred and two Japanese individuals aged 13 and above with GTS were included in our study. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. The 4-factor structure of the GTS-QOL was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, using goodness of fit indices, factor loadings of each questionnaire item, and covariances between factors. Validity was assessed using interscale correlations. Convergent and discriminate construct validity was evaluated using correlations with other scales such as the 28-item General Health Questionnaire, the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale, and the short version of the Padua Inventory.Results: Scaling assumptions were met. Internal consistency reliability was high, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.96. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed sufficient factor loadings and goodness of fit. All measures of goodness of fit corroborated the fit of the 4-factor model. Standardized covariances between factors in the confirmatory factor analysis were &gt;0.8. There were significant correlations with other well-validated scales, and thus convergent and discriminate construct validity was sufficient.Conclusion: The GTS-QOL is a valid and reliable instrument to measure disease-specific HR-QOL of GTS patients in Japan.
Effect of Charlson Comorbidity Index and Treatment Strategy on Survival of Elderly Patients After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Cao Wenzhe , Liu Shaohua , Wang Shasha , Wang Shengshu , Song Yang , He Yao 
Published: January 2022

Background: The optimal treatment strategy for elderly patients with early gastric adenocarcinoma (EGAC) after non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remains unclear. The purpose of this research was to explore the effectiveness of additional treatments after ESD and the factors affecting survival in elderly patients (≥60 years of age) with EGAC.Methods: A total of 639 elderly patients (≥60 years) treated with ESD for EGAC from 2006 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Positive lymphatic infiltration, submucosal infiltration, and positive/indeterminate vertical resection margins are considered high risk factors in histology. According to the risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with EAGC and the treatment strategies adopted after ESD, patients were divided into three groups: there were 484 patients in group A with low risk, 121 patients in group B with high risk, without additional treatment, and 36 patients in group C with high risk, with additional treatment. The 5- and 8-year survival rate, as well as the prognostic factors of survival rate after ESD was studied.Results: The median follow-up time was 38, 40, and 49 months, respectively. There were 3, 4, and 3 deaths related to gastric adenocarcinoma in groups A, B, and C, while deaths from other diseases were 20, 5, and 3, respectively. There were significant differences in overall survival rates between groups (94.3; 86.4; 81.2%, p = 0.110), but there was no significant difference in disease-specific survival rates (98.4; 92.7; 92.4%, p = 0.016). In the multivariate analysis, the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) ≥ 2 was an independent risk factor for death after ESD (hazard ratio 2.39; 95% confidence interval 1.20–4.77; p = 0.014).Conclusions: The strategy of ESD with no subsequent additional treatment for EGAC may be a suitable option for elderly patients at high risk, especially for CCI ≥ 2.
Habitat Bennu: Design Concepts for Spinning Habitats Constructed From Rubble Pile Near-Earth Asteroids
Authors: Miklavčič Peter M. , Siu John , Wright Esteban , Debrecht Alex , Askari Hesam , Quillen Alice C. , Frank Adam 
Published: January 2022

The authors explore the possibility that near-earth, rubble pile asteroids might be used as habitats for human settlement by increasing their rotation to produce spin gravity. Using previously published scaling by Maindl et al. and studies of asteroid populations, it is shown that there is no class of hollowed body that would survive the spin-up process on its own without additional reinforcement. Large solid-rock asteroids (diameterD&gt; 10 km) would not have the tensile strength to withstand the required rotation rates and would fracture and break apart. Smaller asteroids, being ‘rubble piles’, have little tensile strength and would quickly disperse. The possibility of containing the asteroid mass using higher-strength materials like carbon nanofiber is instead considered. It is found that a moderate tensile strength container can maintain the integrity of a large spinning cylinder composed of dispersed asteroid regolith. The research extends the range of possible asteroid habitat candidates, since it may become feasible to construct habitats from the more numerous smaller bodies, including NEAs (Near Earth Asteroids). The required tensile strength of the container material scales with habitat radius and thickness and is ∼ 200 MPa for a starting asteroid body of radius 300 m that is spun up to provide 0.3 g⊕while increasing its radius to 3 km and maintaining a rubble and regolith shield thickness of 2 m to protect against cosmic rays. Ambient solar power can be harvested to aid in spin-up and material processing.
The Central Dark Matter Fraction of Massive Early-Type Galaxies
Authors: Tortora C. , Napolitano N. R. 
Published: January 2022

Dark matter (DM) is predicted to be the dominant mass component in galaxies. In the central region of early-type galaxies it is expected to account for a large amount of the total mass, although the stellar mass should still represent the majority of the mass budget, depending on the stellar initial mass function (IMF). We discuss latest results on the DM fraction and mean DM density for local galaxies and explore their evolution with redshifts in the last 8 Gyr of the cosmic history. We compare these results with expectations from the ΛCDM model and discuss the role of the IMF and galaxy model through the central total mass density slope. We finally present future perspectives offered by next-generation instruments/surveys (Rubin/LSST, Euclid, CSST, WEAVE, 4MOST, and DESI), which will provide the unique chance to measure the DM evolution with time for an unprecedented number of galaxies and constrain their evolutionary scenario.
Drivers of Pigeon Pea Consumption Among School-Aged Children in Central Tanzania
Authors: Gichohi-Wainaina Wanjiku N. , Mremi Ruth , Chande Monica , Msuya John M. , Kumwenda Nelson C. , Muzanila Yasinta C. , Msere Harry , Muhimbula Happiness , Bekunda Mateete , Okori Patrick 
Published: January 2022

Background: Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) and iron deficiencies (ID) are of major public health concern in Tanzania including among school-aged children. PEM and ID in early childhood have serious, long-term consequences because they impede motor, sensory, social and emotional development, growth retardation, poor cognitive development, learning disability of children, lowered resistance to infectious diseases, and reduced physical work capacity. The objective of this study was to elucidate the drivers of pigeon pea consumption among school-aged children in Dodoma district, Central Tanzania. Understanding these drivers would be useful in promoting pigeon pea consumption among school-aged children as one of the strategies to increase dietary protein and iron intake.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study in which data were collected using a questionnaire based on a combination of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Health Belief Model. The data were collected from caregivers (n = 138) in four villages in Kongwa district, Dodoma region, Central Tanzania. We used correlations and multiple regressions to assess associations between constructs and identify predictive constructs. Mann–Whitney U tests were used for score comparisons with a significant p-value set at &lt;0.10.Results: Health value was significantly correlated with health behavior identity (rs = 0.63, p &lt; 0.001) and also significantly predicted health behavior identity (rs = 0.49, p = 0.001). The constructs cues to action and control belief were significantly associated with intention (β = −0.41, p = 0.059 and β = 0.06, p = 0.019 respectively). Finally, we observed that intention was a significant predictor of behavior (β = 1.38, p = 0.001). We also observed a significant negative interaction between perceived barriers and intention to consume pigeon pea (β = −0.04, p = 0.006), indicating that perceived barriers limit intention to consume pigeon pea.Conclusion and Implication: Our findings indicate that when the caregiver places increased importance on preventing her school-aged child from being iron or protein deficient or indeed anemic (health value), it results in a positive evaluation of the effectiveness of giving pigeon pea to address these nutrient deficiencies. Programs and efforts aimed at promoting pigeon pea consumption should focus on educating caregivers on iron and protein deficiency and the role that pigeon pea could play in addressing these. However, perceived barriers such as pest infestation during storage need to be addressed to increase pigeon pea consumption. The involvement of post-harvest management specialists is therefore crucial. Along with this, increasing productivity and crop management is also crucial to ensure year-round affordable supply of pigeon pea.
Analysis of the Characteristics of Knowledge Sharing Behavior by Secondary School Technology Teachers in the Online Learning Community Using Network Analysis
Authors:   Korean Technology Education Association, Kim Young-Heung 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of knowledge sharing behavior by technology teachers through online learning community using network analysis method. To this end, 3,208 data shared from 2008 to 2021 through the website of the Korean Technology Teachers Association (http://ktta.or.kr/), a representative online learning community for technology teachers, were used to determine the frequency and ratio of keywords. A
network analysis was performed. The conclusions drawn based on the main analysis results are: First, the knowledge sharing behavior of technology teachers through the online learning community was relatively active in the early
days of the establishment of the Korean Technology Teachers Association website. And knowledge sharing behavior is concentrated in the manufacturing technology area according to the content area. Second, through the online learning community, technology teachers mainly share teaching and learning materials such as videos and worksheets that can be directly used in related classes. We mainly share data. In addition, data related to performance
evaluation and projects are mainly shared, focusing on practical exercises and experiences that reflect the characteristics of technology subjects. Third, through the online learning community, technology teachers are engaged in various knowledge sharing activities according to the main content areas of technology subjects.