bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude and practice towards kangaroo mother care among postnatal women in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Atnafu Natnael , Gelaw Kelemu Abebe , Azeze Gedion Asnake , Admass Biruk Adie , Lake Eyasu Alem , Adela Getachew Asmare 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Kangaroo mother care is a key procedure in reducing neonatal mortality and morbidity associated with preterm birth. In Ethiopia, neonatal death remains a serious problem, and this study aims to determine the prevalence of the knowledge, attitudes and practice of kangaroo mother care among Ethiopia women. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EMBASE and the Ethiopian University online library were searched. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and analysed using STATA statistical software (v. 11). Publication bias was checked by forest plot, Begg’s rank test and Egger’s regression test. To look for heterogeneity, I2 were computed and an overall estimated analysis carried out. Subgroup analysis was done by region, study setting, publication, gestational age, birth weight and component of kangaroo care. The Joanna Briggs Institute risk of bias assessment tool was used. We carried out a leave one out sensitivity analysis. Results: Out of 273 articles retrieved, 16 studies met the eligibility criteria and are thus included in this study. Those 16 studies had a total of 12,345 respondents who reported kangaroo mother practice, with five (comprising 1,232 participants combined) reporting that both knowledge and attitude were used to determine the overall estimation. The pooled estimates of good knowledge, positive attitude and poor practice of kangaroo mother care were found to be 64.62% (95% CI: 47.15%–82.09%; I2 = 97.8%), 61.55% (49.73%–73.38%; I2 = 94.8%) and 45.7% (95% CI: 37.23%–54.09%; I2 = 98.5%), respectively. This study is limited to postnatal women and does not take account their domestic partners or health providers. Conclusion: The findings revealed significant gaps in the knowledge, attitudes and practice of kangaroo mother care in Ethiopia when compared with other developing countries. Therefore, kangaroo mother care training to women, along with further studies on domestic partners and health providers.
A Bounded Multi-Vacation Queue Model for Multi-stage Sleep Control
Authors: Chen Jie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To evaluate the performance of multistage sleep telecommunication systems, this paper presents a bounded multi-vacation queue model. The energy consumption predicted by this model, shows an average error rate of 0.0177 and the delay (predicted by the same model) shows an average error rate of 0.0655. Both error rates were calculated over 99 instances. An optimisation algorithm is also proposed to minimise the energy consumption whilst not violating the delay bound. Based on the model, numerical results,which quantify the performance of current state-of-art multistage sleep 5G base stations, are presented.
Control -Based Observer for Discrete-time Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Hassan Mohamed Fahim , Aljuwaiser Elham 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Observer-based controllers are well-known techniques and have been used to generate state feedback control strategies for incomplete state measured systems. However, the reverse process, namely control-based observers, has never been introduced as a tool to design observers for either linear or nonlinear systems. The main objective of this paper is to introduce such a technique as a tool to design observers for nonlinear discrete-time systems. The proposed approach, besides leading to very satisfactory estimation results for nonlinear systems, is unlike other widely used estimation techniques in the literature. More specifically, it has no limitations and/or restrictions, needs no state transformation, the overshoots at the start of the estimation process are either zero or very small, and last but not least the estimation errors converge to the zero steady states within a very short transient period. The stability of the proposed estimator is rigorously analyzed. Finally, the state estimation of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor and a Hyperchaotic system are presented to illustrate the applicability and the efficiency of the developed approach.
Direct observation of Eshelby inclusions in metallic glasses
Authors: Mu Xiaoke , Kang Sangjun , Wang Di , Caron Arnaud , Minnert Christian , Durst Karsten , Kuebel Christian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The application of metallic glasses is limited by their catastrophic failure during shear banding. The shear transformation zones (STZs), which are theoretically defined as Eshelby inclusions plastically deformed in glassy matrix and responsible for the shear banding, have not been directly observed in experiments for metallic glasses. This hinders the establishment of the deformation theory and new material designs. With this work, we solved the longstanding difficulty of experimental visualization of the STZ phenomenon in metallic glasses, by correlatively imaging strain fields and atomic packing density at the nanoscale using 4-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy. The results for the first time show the quadrupolar strain field surrounding dilated nano-volumes aligned on a shear band. This opens a new door for research on metallic glasses.
A Novel Framework for Ultrasound Image Enhancement to assist segmentation in Computer-Aided Detection of Breast Lesion
Authors: Singh Mayank Kumar , Saini Indu , Sood Neetu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The low quality of diagnostic Ultrasound (US) images makes structural identification challenging. It is crucial to enhance these images before application in Computer-Aided Detection (CAD). This study aims to ease breast lesion identification in US images by introducing a novel echo-texture-based technique. We used the basic notion that the unique acoustic impedance of distinct structures results in a textural discrepancy in the US image. Initially, an Acoustic Impedance Index was calculated using the local grayscale variation in the image. Then, we used this parameter to design an adaptive filter that generates an Enhanced Texture Image. The resultant images had a significant perception difference between the lesion and its surrounding. Compared to other enhancement techniques, the No Reference distortion metric had the best values for the proposed method. The enhanced image segmented using Active contour and superpixel-based techniques gives the most accurate lesion boundary. The Dice, Jaccard, and BF score were used to quantify the similarity between the masked image generated after segmentation and outlined by the expert. With the exceptionally reduced probability of false alarm, the proposed technique promises to improve the CAD of breast lesions.
Quality and hydrochemical assessment of groundwater in geological transition zones: A case study from N.E. Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Abdullateef , Tijani Moshood , Snow Daniel , D’Alessio Matteo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Sustainable management of groundwater resources in geological transition zones is essential due to their complex geology, increasing population, industrialization and climate change. Groundwater quality monitoring and assessment represents a viable panacea to this problem. Therefore, there is a great need to investigate groundwater resources in terms of their chemistry and pollution, to ascertain their quality and implement robust pollution abatement strategies. This study focused on the characterisation of groundwater in a typical geological transition zone in Northeastern Nigeria. Eighty-seven (87) groundwater samples were collected. pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS) were measured in-situ using a multiparameter probe, while major cations and anions were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry and ion chromatography, respectively. TDS ranged between 95 and 1,154 mg L− 1 in basement terrains and between 49 − 1,105 in sedimentary areas. pH ranged between 6.8 and 7.7 mg L− 1 in basement terrains and between 5.0 and 6.5 in sedimentary areas, suggesting a moderately acidic to alkaline low mineralized groundwater. Calcium (2.6–128.0 mg L− 1) was the dominant cation in the basement areas, suggesting silicate weathering/dissolution, while sodium (1.9–106.0 mg L− 1) dominated the sedimentary zones due to base exchange reactions. The water quality index revealed that the basement setting was predominated by poor to unsuitable groundwater, while the sedimentary terrain was characterised by potable groundwater. The dominant hydrochemical facie in the basement areas was Ca2+–(Mg2+)–HCO3− characteristic of recharge meteoric water. The Na+– (K+)–HCO3− facie characterised the sedimentary zones, indicative of cation exchange reactions, while the mixed water facie typifies the geological contact zones. The shallow nature of the basement groundwaters makes them more susceptible to geogenic and anthropogenic pollution compared to the sandstone aquifers. However, the basement aquifers have better irrigation indices (Kelly ratio and Soluble sodium percent) as compared to the sandstone aquifers which exhibits poor Kelly ratios (< 1) and Soluble sodium percent (> 50) ratings.
Serum metabolomics profiling reveals metabolic alterations prior to the diagnosis with non-small cell lung cancer among Chinese community residents: a prospective nested case-control study
Authors: Xiang Yu , Zhao Qi , Wu Yilin , Liu Xing , Zhu Junjie , Yu Yuting , Su Xuyan , Xu Kelin , Jiang Yonggen , Zhao Genming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The present high mortality of lung cancer in China stems mainly from the lack of feasible, noninvasive early disease detection biomarkers. Serum metabolomics profiling prior to diagnosis to reveal metabolic alterations could expedite the disease detection process and suggest patients harboring disease. We identified differential expressed metabolites and their involved biological processes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) among the Chinese community residents.
Methods
Using a nested case-control design, we applied ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based serum metabolomics to reveal metabolomic alterations and indicate the NSCLC presence using serum samples collected prior to their disease diagnoses. Studied serum samples were collected from 41 patients before NSCLC diagnosis (within 3.0 y) and 38 matched cancer-free controls from the prospective Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort recruited from April 2016 to October 2017 at Songjiang District, Shanghai, China.
Results
NSCLC patients presented markedly cellular metabolism alterations in serum samples collected prior to their disease diagnoses compared with cancer-free controls. In total, we identified 18 significantly expressed metabolites whose relative abundance showed either an upward or a downward trend, with most of them where lipid and lipid-like molecules, organic acids, and nitrogen compounds. Choline metabolism in cancer exhibits a markedly metabolic disturbance in NSCLC patients, followed by sphingolipid and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Our data point to the aforementioned metabolisms and related metabolites as potential vital targets for cancer interventions and could improve the early diagnosis of NSCLC patients. Our results demonstrate the potential feasibility of LC-MS-based serum metabolomics to predict the presence of NSCLC combined with characteristics including smoking habits and the exposure history of second-hand smoking. With further validation, metabolomic techniques could be used as an effective but less-invasive tool to supplement the screening programs of NSCLC in the Chinese population.
Interpretation:
Choline metabolism in cancer, sphingolipid, and glycerophospholipid metabolism emerge as the significant metabolic disturbance of NSCLC. Metabolites involved in these biological processes may be the distinctive features associated with NSCLC prior to diagnosis.
The Synergistic Effects of Pyrotinib and SHR-1316 on HER2-positve breast cancer
Authors: Liu Zhiwei , Li Xinyang , Wang Ziming , Li Jing , Han Danyang , Wang Yukun , Yuan Xiang , Liang Gaofeng , Li Yuanpei , Wang Xinshuai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
PYR was a new generation of HER-2 small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which inhibited a variety of HER family receptors. And SHR-1316 was one of the most popular drugs in the field of cancer therapy recently. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effects of PYR combined with SHR-1316 and further explore its potential mechanism on HER2-positive BC. MTT assay, Wound-healing assay, and Transwell assay were used to detect the effects of PYR and SHR-1316 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HER2-positive BC cells. Cell apoptosis was tested through flow cytometry. Xenograft model was established to illustrate the synergistic effects of pyrotinib combined with SHR-1316 in vivo. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was utilized to assess the expression of T cells in the SK-BR-3 tumor issue. Western blotting was performed to determine the expression of PD-L1, PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, and FOXO1. The results showed that PYR and SHR-1316 had synergistic inhibited effects on the cell proliferation, migration, invasion of HER2-positive BC cells. PYR and SHR-1316 promoted synergistically BC cell apoptosis. PYR and SHR-1316 downregulated the expression of PD-L1, p-PI3K, p-AKT and upregulated the expression FOXO1. In the nude-mice Xenograft model, pyrotinib and SHR-1316 had synergistic inhibition effects on tumor growth.
Effect of miR-493-5p on proliferation and differentiation of myoblast by targeting ANKRD17
Authors: Zhuang Xiaona , Lin Zekun , Xie Fang , Luo Junyi , Chen Ting , Xi Qianyun , Zhang Yongliang , Sun Jiajie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The hypertrophy and conversion of postnatal muscle fibers largely determine the yield and quality of pork, and the growth and development of muscle fibers involve complex molecular regulation. miRNA is a kind of endogenous noncoding RNA fragments and widely involved in the proliferation and differentiation of livestock and poultry myoblasts.Results: In this paper, the longissimus dorsi muscle tissues of Lantang pigs at 1 and 90 days of age (LT1D and LT90D) were collected and profiled by miRNA-seq. The longissimus dorsi muscle of LT1D and LT90D expressed 1871 and 1729 miRNA candidates respectively, and 794 miRNAs were shared. We identified 16 differentially expressed miRNAs between LT1D and LT90D and explored the function of miR-493-5p in muscle development. The miR-493-5p inhibited the proliferation and promoted the differentiation of myoblast cells. GO and KEGG pathway analysis of 164 target genes of miR-493-5p, we found ATP2A2, PPP3CA, KLF15, MED28 and ANKRD17 genes related to muscle development. RT-qPCR detection showed that the expression level of ANKRD17 was highly expressed in LT1D libraries, and the double luciferase report test preliminarily proved that miR-493-5p and ANKRD17 have a directly targeting relationship. Conclusions: In this study, we revealed the roles of miR-493-5p in development of muscle fibers and identified the relationship network of miR-493-5p and ANKRD17, providing data support for pig breeding.
Factors influencing surgical choice and surgerical anxiety in patients with pulmonary nodules smaller than 8mm
Authors: Qiu Hongbin , Lou Yingqiao , Xu Congcong , Witharana Pasan , Chen Dong , Zhu Kanghao , Li Jiawei , Chen Baofu , Shen Jianfei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The detection of pulmonary nodules has a great impact on people's lives and mental health. The 2018 NCCN guidelines recommend follow-up treatment for nodules ≤8mm, but many patients with small nodules choose surgery. We wanted to explore why these patients had surgery and what caused their anxiety.Methods: We cross-sectionally surveyed patients with small nodules who decided to undergo surgery in a local grade 3 hospital, using a questionnaire. Results: 338 patients responded, but only 234 were included in the final analysis. 68.81% of patients reported clinically significant anxiety about pulmonary nodules, as measured by the IES-R. Poor performance in activities of daily living (ADL) (P=0.022, 95% CI: 1.237-15.857) was associated with the highest positive rate (92.31%). Other factors such as presence of solid nodules (P=0.015, 95% CI: 1.26-8.335), multifocal disease (P=0.006, 95% CI: 1.317-5.373) and family history of lung cancer (P=0.048, 95% CI: 1.015-21.307) were also associated with distress. Conclusion: Current ability to perform activities of daily living, presence of solid and multiple nodules, and a family history of lung cancer make patients who choose surgery more likely to experience pain.
Dealing with Missing Data in Real-World Data: A Scoping Review of Simulation Studies
Authors: Morel Alejandra E Guevara , Varga Anita N , Heymans Martijn W , Dongen Johanna M , Schaik Digna JF , Tulder Maurits W , Bosmans Judith E 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Real-world data are increasingly being used for as a complement to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for evaluating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of healthcare interventions. Real-world data often are expected to have higher generalizability by including more representative patient populations and resembling daily clinical practice better than RCTs. However, since data are not collected for research purposes, missing observations in real-world data are highly common. Inadequate handling of missing observations may lead to biased estimates and invalid conclusions. The aim of this scoping review was to identify and critically appraise statistical methods for dealing with missing observations in real-world data. METHODS: We searched PubMed for simulation studies that assessed the performance of statistical methods for dealing with missing observations in real-world data published between January 2000 and December 2018. We searched for simulation studies because well-developed simulation studies may be preferable to choose the best missing data method for real-world data. Information was extracted on the aims of the studies, data generating mechanisms, assessed statistical methods for dealing with missing observations, performance of the statistical method, statistical software used, and authors’ remarks and conclusions on the validity and usability of the statistical methods. RESULTS: Fifty-two studies were eligible for inclusion; 19 assessed methods for missing covariates, 13 for missing outcome(s), 15 for missing observations in both covariates and outcome(s), and in 5 studies it was unclear whether missing observations were present in covariates and/or outcome(s). Eleven studies took into account the multilevel structure of the data, whereas others did not. When imputing single-level missing at random (MAR) data, MICE and multivariate normal imputations (MVNI) seemed the best performing methods. When dealing with multilevel MAR data, multiple imputation-based methods seem to be the most flexible and best performing methods. For data missing not at random (MNAR, 16 studies), selection models and pattern mixture models appear to be most promising. CONCLUSIONS: The choice of a statistical method to deal with missing observations depends on the type of missing variables and the assumed missing data mechanism. Although MAR is the most commonly assumed missing data mechanism, data that are missing not at random (MNAR) is also common in real-world data, although only few studies evaluated methods for MNAR data.
A Case Report of a Patient with Right Aortic Arch Complicated the Esophageal Perforation
Authors: Qie Peng , Yin Qifan , Xun Xuejiao , Han Shaohui , Li Xiaoning , Wang Huien 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction: A 73-year-old female patient with right-sided aortic arch and permanent pacemaker installed was brought to Hebei General Hospital because of esophageal perforation at the first esophageal stenosis. Concerns of the patient: She had severe chest pain as well as fever. Despite being treated with fasting, gastrointestinal decompression, anti-inflammation and other methods, but she did not find relief from her pain.Diagnosis: The radiography revealed esophageal perforation at the initial esophageal stenosis. A right-sided aortic arch, anterosuperior mediastinal gas density shadow, and atelectasis of both inferior lobes of the lungs were discovered on a chest CT scan.Intervention: The abscess in the mediastinum was cleaned with surgery, and mediastinal drainage was performed using a thoracoscope. Following the surgery, the patient had underwent ongoing gastric decompression, duodenal feeding, and anti-inflammation therapy.Outcomes: The patient was successfully fed and discharged from the hospital on the 14 postoperative day.Conclusion: The therapeutic management of this condition was hampered by a number of reasons. The most important thing is to identify the major inconsistency, select a good surgical approach, and develop an adequate perioperative care strategy.
Investigation of the association between core muscles degeneration and Lumbar disc herniation
Authors: zhang Chengzhe , zhang Yujie , zhao Ye , liu Kaoqiang , chai Yongli , zhang Min , lv Hua , zhan Hongsheng , shen Zhibi , Yuan Wei’an 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Fat infiltration and atrophy of lumbar muscles are related to spinal degenerative conditions, which can be seen reliably on MRI scans of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between degeneration of core muscles and LDH. Fifty-five healthy volunteers and fifty-five LDH patients were enrolled. Core muscle percent fat was used as the outcome measure, and logistic regression as the analytical method to compare the relationship of the following five independent variables (erector spinae, rectus abdominis, [transversus abdominal, internal abdominal oblique, and external abdominal oblique muscle], lumbar multifidus, and psoas major muscles) with LDH. The result showed core muscles percent fat was significantly higher in LDH patients than in healthy volunteers (P<0.001). LDH is closely associated with degeneration of erector spinae (B=2.413, OR=11.166) and rectus abdominus muscles (B=2.196, OR=8.991). Relationships were not evident between LDH and degeneration of the lumbar multifidus, psoas major muscle and (transversus abdominal, internal abdominal oblique, and external abdominal oblique muscle).(P＜0.05) The application of Magnetic Resonance Hydrolipid Separation Imaging allowed us to declare the association between degeneration of the core muscles with LDH and provides a new record for future studies in diagnosis of LDH.
LAUNCHER: A single-component, light-assisted uncaging switch for endoproteolytic release
Authors: Cui Mingguang , Lee Seunghwan , Ban Sung Hwan , Kim Jin Young , Choi Seul Ki , Han Jaemin , Kim Yoonhee , Han Kihoon , Lee Donghun , Kwon Hyung-Bae , Lee Dongmin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Proteases can serve as molecular switches to initiate a wide spectrum of biological events. High efficiency and specificity enhance the potential of proteases as versatile elements in synthetic biological circuits. To address the unmet need for a novel protease-based toolkit with modular features, we developed a single-component photocleavable switch, termed LAUNCHER (Light-Assisted UNcaging switCH for Endoproteolytic Release), combining a circularly permuted potyviral protease and a blue-light-gated substrate with variable intermodular linkers. LAUNCHER enables user-controllable release of payloads that can serve in various cellular applications, such as transgene expression, multilayer-based G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activity sensing, and optochemogenetic manipulation. Moreover, LAUNCHER orthologs from the orthogonal potyviral protease family can be utilized in a multiple protease-based circuit without mutual interference. LAUNCHER provides a generalized method to implant optogenetic manipulations into existing synthetic biological circuits in a plug-and-play manner and adds to optogenetic toolboxes for the expansion of biomedical fields.