bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unexpected Role of the Interlayer “Dead Zn2+” in Strengthening the Nanostructures of VS2 Cathodes for High‐Performance Aqueous Zn‐Ion Storage
Authors: Tan Yan , Li Shengwei , Zhao Xudong , Wang Yao , Shen Qiuyu , Qu Xuanhui , Liu Yongchang , Jiao Lifang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLayered VS2 holds great potential as a cathode material for aqueous Zn‐ion batteries owing to its large interlayer spacing, high electrical conductivity, and the rich redox chemistry of vanadium. Nevertheless, structural instability during charge/discharge severely hinders the further development of VS2 cathodes. Herein, distinctive hierarchitectures of 1T‐VS2 nanospheres assembled by nanosheets, which feature abundant active sites, superior electron/ion transport property, and robust structure, are developed. More intriguingly, Zn2+ “pillars” residing in VS2 interlayers, achieved by controlling the charge cut‐off voltage are first proven to reinforce the layered structure of VS2 upon repeated Zn2+ insertion/extraction, redefining the commonly perceived “dead Zn2+”. Hence, exceptional rate performance (212.9 and 102.1 mA h g−1 at 0.1 and 5 A g−1, respectively) and ultralong cycling life (86.7% capacity retention over 2000 cycles at 2 A g−1) are obtained. The rapid and highly reversible Zn‐ion (de) intercalation behavior within the VS2 nanospheres is verified by first‐principles computations and multiple ex‐situ characterizations. Finally, the flexible quasi‐solid‐state rechargeable Zn battery employing the tailored VS2 cathode demonstrates great application prospects in wearable devices. This work provides new perspectives for prolonging the lifespan of layered Zn‐storage materials by simply modulating the charge/discharge processes.
Novel process for selective separation of trace artemisitene from artemisinin by ammonium functional ionic liquids
Authors: Cao Yingying , Tan Xin , Zhan Guoxiong , Li Qiongguang , Wang Hui , Li Zengxi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOne of the challenges to obtain high‐quality natural active substances is the selective separation of the target compound from its analogues. In this study, ionic liquids (ILs), with design flexibility, were proposed to separate artemisitene and artemisinin, typical examples of natural analogues. Based on COSMO‐RS calculation, several ILs were selected to separate artemisitene/artemisinin by experiment. It was demonstrated that the aqueous solution of N‐allyl‐N,N,N‐trimethylammonium chloride ([AA][Cl]) exhibited excellent capability for selective separation of the two compounds. Under the optimal conditions (40°C, 1 h), the separation selectivity of artemisitene/artemisinin could reach 12.23 when the initial impurity content was only 0.8 wt%. Spectroscopic analysis and molecular dynamics indicated that π–π complexation between artemisitene and [AA][Cl] plays a major role in this separation process. Moreover, the process of multistage cross‐flow extraction was compared with counter‐flow extraction, and the latter one exhibited advantages in energy consumption and product yield.
Genome‐wide DNA methylation profiling confirms a case of low‐level mosaic Kabuki syndrome 1
Authors: Montano Carolina , Britton Jacquelyn F. , Harris Jacqueline R. , Kerkhof Jennifer , Barnes Benjamin T. , Lee Jennifer A. , Sadikovic Bekim , Sobreira Nara , Fahrner Jill A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractKabuki syndrome is a Mendelian disorder of the epigenetic machinery characterized by typical dysmorphic features, intellectual disability, and postnatal growth deficiency. Pathogenic variants in the genes encoding the chromatin modifiers KMT2D and KDM6A are responsible for Kabuki syndrome 1 (KS1) and Kabuki syndrome 2 (KS2), respectively. In addition, 11 cases of KS1 caused by mosaic variants in KMT2D have been reported in the literature. Some of these individuals display milder craniofacial and growth phenotypes, and most do not have congenital heart defects. We report the case of an infant with severe hypoplastic left heart syndrome with mitral atresia and aortic atresia (HLHS MA‐AA), pulmonary vein stenosis, and atypical facies with a somatic mosaic de novo nonsense variant in KMT2D (c.8200C>T, p.R2734*) identified on trio exome sequencing of peripheral blood and present in 11.2% of sequencing reads. KS was confirmed with EpiSign, a diagnostic genome‐wide DNA methylation platform used to identify epigenetic signatures. This case suggests that use of this newly available clinical test can guide the interpretation of low‐level mosaic variants identified through sequencing and suggests a new lower limit of mosaicism in whole blood required for a diagnosis of KS.
The Gor'kov and Melik‐Barkhudarov Correction to an Imbalanced Fermi Gas in the Presence of Impurities
Authors: Caldas Heron , Rufo S. , Griffith M. A. R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe effects of induced interactions are calculated in both clean and dirty situations, for balanced and imbalanced Fermi gases. The effects of nonmagnetic impurities on the induced interactions corrections to the transition temperature in the case of a balanced gas, and to the tricritical point in the case of an imbalanced Fermi gas at unitarity are investigated. It is found that impurities act in detriment of the induced interactions, or particle–hole fluctuations, for the transition temperature and the tricritical point. For large impurity parameter, the particle–hole fluctuations are strongly suppressed. The Chandrasekhar–Clogston limit of an imbalanced Fermi gas at unitarity considering the effects of the induced interactions, both in the pure and impurity regimes have also been found.
Racial Disparities in Renal Outcomes Over Time Among Hospitalized Children With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Chang Joyce C. , Sears Cora , Torres Veronica , Son Mary Beth F. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveRacial and ethnic minority groups have excess morbidity related to renal disease in pediatric‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study was undertaken to evaluate temporal trends in renal outcomes and racial disparities among hospitalized children with SLE over a period of 14 years.MethodsWe identified patients 21 years old or younger with discharge diagnoses of SLE in the Pediatric Health Information System inpatient database (2006–2019). Adverse renal outcomes included end‐stage renal disease (ESRD), dialysis, or transplant, analyzed as a composite and separately. We estimated the odds of adverse renal outcomes at any hospitalization or the first occurrence of an adverse renal outcome, adjusted for calendar period, patient characteristics, and clustering by hospital. We tested whether racial disparities differed by calendar period.ResultsThere were 20,893 admissions for 7,434 SLE patients, of which 32%, 16%, 12%, and 8% were Black, Hispanic White, Hispanic Other, and Asian, respectively. Proportions of admissions with adverse renal outcomes decreased over time (P < 0.01). Black children remained at the highest risk of adverse renal outcomes at any admission (odds ratio [OR] 2.5 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.8–3.5] versus non‐Hispanic White patients). Black and Asian children remained at a higher risk of incident adverse renal outcomes, driven by ESRD among Black children (OR 1.6 [95% CI 1.2–2.1]) and dialysis among Asians (OR 1.7 [95% CI 1.1–2.7]). Relative disparities did not change significantly over time.ConclusionSignificant reductions in ESRD and dialysis occurred over time for children with SLE across all racial and ethnic groups. The lack of corresponding reductions in racial disparities highlights the need for targeted interventions to achieve greater treatment benefit among higher risk groups.
Dual‐loop single dimension fuzzy‐based sliding mode control design for robust tracking of an underactuated quadrotor craft
Authors: Abro Ghulam E Mustafa , Bin Mohd Zulkifli Saiful Azrin , Asirvadam Vijanth Sagayan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis manuscript presents an intelligent control design for the helical trajectory tracking of an underactuated quadrotor. One may see that the entire kinematics and dynamics are derived using Newton Euler approach. Since the quadrotor is one of the nonlinear and underactuated systems (where degree of freedom is greater than the number of control inputs) and with the induction of unmodeled dynamic factors and uncertainties, it is a highly unstable system. To stabilize, the linear extended state observer is proposed along with dual‐loop single dimension fuzzy‐based sliding mode control (DLSDF‐SMC). The entire system has been partitioned into two subsystems, that is, translational and rotational subsystems. Within the rotational subsystem, the attitude controller is proposed using DLSDF‐SMC, whereas for translational subsystem, paper proposes the position control design based on the hyperbolic functions to avoid the gimbal lock and an issue of singularity. The simulation work for proposed algorithm is performed using MATLAB and Simulink that are compared with conventional sliding mode control (SMC) and fuzzy‐based SMC control techniques. In addition to this, one may also find the hardware configuration that validates the software results.
Formation control of unmanned aerial vehicle swarms: A comprehensive review
Authors: Ouyang Quan , Wu Zhaoxiang , Cong Yuhua , Wang Zhisheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe unmanned aerial vehicle formation plays a crucial role in numerous applications, such as reconnaissance, agricultural plant protection, and electric power inspection. This paper provides a comprehensive review and analysis of the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm communication networks and formation control strategies. First, the most commonly used unmanned aerial vehicles are introduced and compared. Next, the entire process of the formation task, from the formation assignment to the formation transformation, is detailed described. At last, the widely adopted communication networks are analyzed, and the existing formation control strategies of the UAV swarm are compared, which shows that the distributed formation control is superior to the centralized method and is the future development trend.
The COVID‐19 pandemic impact on wellbeing and mental health in people with psychotic and bipolar disorders
Authors: Barrett Elizabeth Ann , Simonsen Carmen , Aminoff Sofie Ragnhild , Hegelstad Wenche Ten Velden , Lagerberg Trine Vik , Melle Ingrid , Mork Erlend , Romm Kristin Lie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID‐19 pandemic affects people globally, but it may affect people with psychotic and bipolar disorders disproportionally. Our aims were to investigate the pandemic impact on perceived wellbeing and mental health in this population, including which pandemic‐related factors have had an impact.MethodsPeople with psychotic and bipolar disorders (N = 520; female = 81%; psychotic disorders n = 75/bipolar disorder n = 445) completed an online survey about wellbeing and mental health in the early phase of the COVID‐19 pandemic (June 5–July 5, 2020).ResultsMany participants experienced deteriorated wellbeing and mental health after the pandemic outbreak, especially in life satisfaction, meaning in life, positive feelings, depression, anxiety, and self‐harm/suicidal ideation. Experienced recovery from mental health difficulties was significantly lower after compared to before the outbreak. Participants with psychotic disorders had significantly poorer wellbeing and mental health than participants with bipolar disorders, although they experienced significantly more worsening only of psychotic symptoms. Nearly half the participants reported coping with the situation; however, most factors potentially important to wellbeing and mental health changed adversely, including sufficiency and quality of treatment. More loneliness, low coping, insufficient mental health treatment during the COVID‐19 pandemic, pandemic worry, more insomnia symptoms, and increased alcohol use predicted poor wellbeing and poor mental health.ConclusionsDuring a pandemic, it is particularly important that mental health services strive to offer the best possible treatment under the current conditions and target loneliness, coping strategies, pandemic worry, insomnia, and increased alcohol use to uphold wellbeing and reduce mental health difficulties. For some, teletherapy is an agreeable substitute for traditional therapy.
Oxygenating Biocatalysts for Hydroxyl Functionalisation in Drug Discovery and Development
Authors: Charlton Sacha N. , Hayes Martin A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractC−H oxyfunctionalisation remains a distinct challenge for synthetic organic chemists. Oxygenases and peroxygenases (grouped here as “oxygenating biocatalysts”) catalyse the oxidation of a substrate with molecular oxygen or hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. The application of oxygenating biocatalysts in organic synthesis has dramatically increased over the last decade, producing complex compounds with potential uses in the pharmaceutical industry. This review will focus on hydroxyl functionalisation using oxygenating biocatalysts as a tool for drug discovery and development. Established oxygenating biocatalysts, such as cytochrome P450s and flavin‐dependent monooxygenases, have widely been adopted for this purpose, but can suffer from low activity, instability or limited substrate scope. Therefore, emerging oxygenating biocatalysts which offer an alternative will also be covered, as well as considering the ways in which these hydroxylation biotransformations can be applied in drug discovery and development, such as late‐stage functionalisation (LSF) and in biocatalytic cascades.
Structure‐Activity Relationships for 5′′ Modifications of 4,5‐Aminoglycoside Antibiotics
Authors: Quirke Jonathan C. K. , Sati Girish C. , Sonousi Amr , Gysin Marina , Haldimann Klara , Böttger Erik C. , Vasella Andrea , Hobbie Sven N. , Crich David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractModification at the 5’’‐position of 4,5‐disubstituted aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs) to circumvent inactivation by aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) is well known. Such modifications, however, unpredictably impact activity and affect target selectivity thereby hindering drug development. A survey of 5’’‐modifications of the 4,5‐AGAs and the related 5‐O‐furanosyl apramycin derivatives is presented. In the neomycin and the apralog series, all modifications were well‐tolerated, but other 4,5‐AGAs require a hydrogen bonding group at the 5’’‐position for maintenance of antibacterial activity. The 5’’‐amino modification resulted in parent‐like activity, but reduced selectivity against the human cytosolic decoding A site rendering this modification unfavorable in paromomycin, propylamycin, and ribostamycin. Installation of a 5’’‐formamido group and, to a lesser degree, a 5’’‐ureido group resulted in parent‐like activity without loss of selectivity. These lessons will aid the design of next‐generation AGAs capable of circumventing AME action while maintaining high antibacterial activity and target selectivity.
Brain‐wide mapping of inputs to the mouse lateral posterior (LP/Pulvinar) thalamus–anterior cingulate cortex network
Authors: Leow Yi Ning , Zhou Blake , Sullivan Heather A. , Barlowe Alexandria R. , Wickersham Ian R. , Sur Mriganka 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe rodent homolog of the primate pulvinar, the lateral posterior (LP) thalamus, is extensively interconnected with multiple cortical areas. While these cortical interactions can span the entire LP, subdivisions of the LP are characterized by differential connections with specific cortical regions. In particular, the medial LP has reciprocal connections with frontoparietal cortical areas, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The ACC plays an integral role in top‐down sensory processing and attentional regulation, likely exerting some of these functions via the LP. However, little is known about how ACC and LP interact, and about the information potentially integrated in this reciprocal network. Here, we address this gap by employing a projection‐specific monosynaptic rabies tracing strategy to delineate brain‐wide inputs to bottom‐up LP→ACC and top‐down ACC→LP neurons. We find that LP→ACC neurons receive inputs from widespread cortical regions, including primary and higher order sensory and motor cortical areas. LP→ACC neurons also receive extensive subcortical inputs, particularly from the intermediate and deep layers of the superior colliculus (SC). Sensory inputs to ACC→LP neurons largely arise from visual cortical areas. In addition, ACC→LP neurons integrate cross‐hemispheric prefrontal cortex inputs as well as inputs from higher order medial cortex. Our brain‐wide anatomical mapping of inputs to the reciprocal LP‐ACC pathways provides a roadmap for understanding how LP and ACC communicate different sources of information to mediate attentional control and visuomotor functions.
Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of a Generic and a Branded Pazopanib Tablet in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Liu Lihua , Li Xin , Liu Yujie , Li Yuan , Deng Yang , Zhang Ping , Tu Shengqing , Wang Keli , Xu Bing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the bioequivalence of two pazopanib tablet formulations in healthy Chinese subjects. A randomized, open‐label, single‐dose, two‐period, two‐sequence, crossover study was conducted under fasting conditions. A total of 32 eligible subjects were randomly administered a single dose of a 200‐mg generic or branded pazopanib tablet with a 16‐day washout period. Blood samples were collected before and up to 72 hours after dosing. Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed with noncompartmental analysis. Safety assessments included physical examinations, laboratory tests, and adverse events reporting. Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) from zero to the last quantifiable concentration (AUC0‐t), and AUC from zero to infinity (AUC0‐∞) were similar between the generic and branded products (all P > .05). The 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean ratio of the test/reference products for Cmax, AUC0‐t, and AUC0‐∞ were 89.1%–117.1%, 81.9%–108.5%, and 82.4%–109.6%, respectively. There were no serious adverse events during the study. The newly developed generic pazopanib tablet was bioequivalent to the reference product under fasting conditions. Both formulations were well tolerated in healthy Chinese volunteers.
KMFA2 based QoS improvement for multi‐channel IoT networks
Authors: Shankhpal Shilpa V. , Savadatti Hanumantha Brahmananda 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) networks are designed to obtain the best possible end‐user experience. This experience is measured in terms of security and speed of operation. In order to achieve high security, encryption, and authentication algorithms are proposed by researchers. The speed of operation is generally measured using the network's response time, and it can be improved using light‐weighted algorithms for data processing and actuation. Most of these techniques are applied at the application level, making the network ineffective in its originally deployed form. Moreover, due to the addition of security and data processing layers, the overall IoT network's QoS reduces, reducing the end user's experience. In order to remove these issues, this work proposes a novel kernel‐level multi‐channel fuzzy‐authentication and aggregation framework (KMFA2). The KMFA2 framework can solve authentication issues by using a kernel‐level lightweight and secure authentication protocol for all IoT devices. KMFA2 also enables the IoT devices to possess multi‐channel capabilities, with inbuilt aggregation capabilities. The overall implementation is carried out on the NS2 tool. The proposed KMFA2 protocol is tested on different IoT networks, and it is observed that the protocol improves the QoS by almost 10% and simplifies security using the authentication framework. The comparisons were performed with state‐of‐the‐art IoT deployments.
Modified generalized confidence interval for the stress‐strength reliability from exponentiated Weibull distribution
Authors: Wang Zhanzhong , Bai Xuchao , Li Jiajun 
Published: April 2022

SummaryIn this article, we study the inference for the exponentiated Weibull stress‐strength reliability. Based on the assumption that stress and strength variables follow the three‐parameter exponentiated Weibull distributions with unequal scale and shape parameters, the maximum likelihood estimation and bootstrap‐p confidence interval for the reliability are derived. Additionally, based on the proposed modified generalized pivotal quantity, we obtain two point estimators and a modified generalized confidence interval for the reliability. Monte Carlo simulations are adopted to compare the performances of the proposed methodology. Finally, a real data analysis is provided for the illustrative purpose.
Bridging the gap between self‐assessment and faculty assessment of clinical performance in restorative dentistry: A prospective pilot study
Authors: Alfakhry Ghaith , Mustafa Khattab , Alagha M. Abdulhadi , Milly Hussam , Dashash Mayssoon , Jamous Issam 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurpose/ObjectivesThe current study was undertaken to investigate whether self‐assessment of clinical skills of undergraduate dental students could be bridged with faculty assessment by deliberate training over an extended period. A secondary aim was to explore students' perception of self‐assessment and its effect on their learning and motivation.Material and MethodsA prospective pilot study was conducted at the Department of Restorative Dentistry at Damascus University. Sixteen students participated in the study, ranging in age between 22 and 23 years. A modified Direct Observation of Procedural Skills form with a grading rubric was used to register and guide students' self‐assessment; both were pretested on four students before the study. In total, four clinical encounters were completed by each student. Students were trained on how to conduct proper self‐assessment before and after each clinical encounter. A postcourse questionnaire was used to investigate students' perception of self‐assessment.ResultsBias in self‐assessment decreased consistently after each encounter, and the difference in bias between the first (bias = 0.77) and the last encounter (bias = 0.21) was significant with a medium effect size (p = .022, d = 0.64). The percentage of disconfirming performance dimensions decreased from 39.7% to 26.9%. Students' ability to exactly pinpoint strengths improved consistently and significantly. However, their ability to pinpoint areas of improvement was volatile and showed no significant difference. Bland–Altman graph plots showed higher levels of agreement between self‐assessment and faculty assessment. Moreover, students' perception of self‐assessment was very positive overall.ConclusionsThese findings suggest the possibility that the gap between self‐assessment and faculty assessment could be bridged through deliberate training. Future longitudinal research using a larger sample size is still required to further explore whether self‐assessment can be actively bridged with faculty assessment by deliberate training.