bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-money laundering regulations and financial inclusion: empirical evidence across the globe
Authors: Ofoeda Isaac 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of anti-money laundering (AML) regulations on financial inclusion using a comprehensive measure of AML regulations developed by the Basel Institute on Governance. Again, this study investigates the existence of threshold effects in the AML regulations–financial inclusion nexus.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses panel data across 212 economies (developed, developing and Africa) of the globe-spanning from 2012 to 2019. This study uses the dynamic panel threshold estimation technique proposed by Seo et al. (2019).

Findings
In general, the results indicate that AML regulations promote financial inclusion across the globe. However, AML regulations spur financial inclusion below the threshold of AML regulations, whereas, above the thresholds, AML regulations have damaging effects on financial inclusion. Further, the author finds that AML regulations have a detrimental impact on financial inclusion for developed economies. In contrast, AML regulations promote financial inclusion at all levels of AML regulations for African countries.

Practical implications
The findings of this study imply that countries must make conscious efforts in combating the incidence of money laundering by establishing sound AML regulatory regimes as a means of promoting financial inclusiveness. However, there is a need for regulators to ensure cost-effective and efficient implementation of AML regulations.

Originality/value
The value of this paper is its contribution to literature as it is a major attempt in empirically assessing the impact of AML regulations on financial inclusion. Again, to the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to examine the non-linear relationship between AML regulations and financial inclusion.
Amplifying and promoting the “S” in ESG investing: the case for social responsibility in supply chain financing
Authors: Baid Vaishali , Jayaraman Vaidyanathan 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to amplify the importance of social responsibility in supply chain finance to promote the “S” in environmental, social and governance (ESG) investing and and highlight key methods deployed to quantify and measure social impact.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides an insightful exploratory study based on a framework for supply chain financing to accomplish ESG goals that is based on literature review, current policies and practitioner's observations.FindingsWith this paper, the authors have started the journey to discuss the importance to look at the social side of supply chain with a goal to attain and fulfill the ESG objectives and discuss different methodologies that can be deployed to translate qualitative information into quantitative data for ESG purposes.Research limitations/implicationsThe research focuses on the growing legal and regulatory focus on organizations to address the adverse impacts their supply chains have on environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) related issues. This research has brought in light methods to measure social impact within the supply chain that will help to accelerate the ESG objectives. A global lens will provide a holistic view of the ESG framework.Practical implicationsThe social responsibility framework for supply chain financing and identified methodologies will facilitate managerial decision making that will expedite the integration of “S” in the ESG.Originality/valueThis research highlights the criticality of looking at social aspects in ESG. The research also presents a social responsibility framework for supply chains to accomplish ESG goals.
A3 methodology: going beyond process improvement
Authors: Santos Filho Geraldo Maciel , Simão Luiz Eduardo 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis technological article deals with a case study to implement an improvement to reduce the machine setup of an industrial process, in addition to the development of people using the A3 methodology for problem-solving.Design/methodology/approachAs a research method, action research was used in a single-case study applied to a motorcycle production company, using the concept of the A3 report for problem-solving as the theoretical basis.FindingsThe implementation of the improvement in the process resulted in a reduction of 70.4% of the preparation time (setup) of the machines, thus eliminating the need to add a third production shift.Research limitations/implicationsIt has been applied to only one company, so it lacks a feasibility check to be implemented in other companies.Practical implicationsRegarding its practical contribution, the authors first consider that the proposed method can also be applied in small and medium-sized companies (SMEs), since the investment in this problem-solving approach is low without necessarily implementing the lean production system that, it is usually complex, time-consuming and requires the allocation of a substantial amount of resources by companies. The second practical contribution of this work is that the proposed A3 problem-solving methodology can serve as a guide for managers to implement or improve different industrial and service processes.Originality/valueIt has been applied to only one company, so it lacks a feasibility check to be implemented in other companies.
Clinical characteristics of pustulotic arthro‐osteitis in Korea
Authors: Kim Minsu , Kim Minjae , Kim Jee‐Woo , Kim Bo Ri , Youn Sang Woong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPustulotic arthro‐osteitis (PAO) has been studied primarily in Japan. However, there is a lack of research regarding its clinical features among large populations in other countries and it is often believed to be similar to psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Although the association between psoriasis (PsO) and palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is debatable, differences in the clinical characteristics between PsA and PAO might support the notion that PsO and PPP are distinct entities. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of PAO in Korean patients and to compare them with those of PsA. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with PPP, PAO, and PsA. Among 266 patients with PPP, 13.2% had PAO. Unlike Japanese patients with PAO, Korean patients had a relatively lower involvement of the chest wall. PAO patients demonstrated lower age of onset, higher proportion of females, and higher severity of cutaneous eruptions compared to PPP patients without PAO, but the differences were not statistically significant. Female predominance was prominent in PAO compared to PsA. Cutaneous eruptions occurred earlier than joint symptoms in 83.5% of the patients with PsA and in 42.9% of the patients with PAO. PAO involved axial joints more frequently compared to PsA, especially the chest wall and spine. PsA mainly involved the peripheral joints, especially the metacarpophalangeal joints and distal interphalangeal joints of the hands and feet. In conclusion, PAO and PsA exhibited different demographics and locations of joint involvement, supporting the notion that PPP and PsO are separate disorders. Many PAO patients presented with joint symptoms before the appearance of skin eruptions, underlining the important role of dermatologists in recognizing PAO among PPP patients. Physicians should be aware of the characteristics of PAO while treating patients with PPP.
Concordance in judgment of clinical borders of basal cell carcinomas in Japanese patients: A preliminary study of JCOG2005 (J‐BASE‐MARGIN)
Authors: Kamimura Anna , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Takenouchi Tatsuya , Matsushita Shigeto , Omodaka Toshikazu , Yamamura Kentaro , Uchi Hiroshi , Yoshikawa Shusuke , Yanagisawa Hiroto , Ito Takamichi , Kiyohara Yoshio , Nakamura Yoshio , Aoki Megumi , Ishizuki Shoichiro , Oashi Kohei , Miyagawa Takuya , Maeda Taku , Ogata Dai , Hatta Naohito , Ohe Shuichi , Isei Taiki , Takahashi Akira , Umeda Yoshiyasu , Yamaguchi Buntaro , Ishikawa Masashi , Horimoto Kohei , Fujsawa Yasuhiro , Uehara Jiro , Shibayama Yoshitsugu , Kiniwa Yukiko , Kawahara Yu , Matsuya Taisuke , Uhara Hisashi , Kato Junji , Nakamura Yoshiyuki , Murakami Takuo , Namikawa Kenjiro , Yoshino Koji , Funakoshi Takeru , Takatsuka Sumiko , Matsui Yu , Sasaki Jin , Koga Hiroshi , Yokota Kenji , Komori Takaya , Fukushima Satoshi , Yamazaki Naoya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBasal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer, and surgical excision with clear margins is the standard of care. Surgical margins are determined based on risk factors (high or low risk) for recurrence according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and Japanese basal cell carcinoma guidelines. The clarity of the clinical tumor border (well‐defined or poorly defined) is considered a risk factor, and significant discrepancies in the judgment of clinical tumor borders among dermato‐oncologists may occur. Therefore, we analyzed the dermato‐oncologists’ concordance in judging the clinical tumor border of basal cell carcinoma. Forty‐seven dermato‐oncologists (experts: 37; young trainees: 10) participated in this study. The datasets of clinical and dermoscopic photographs of 79 Japanese cases of head and neck basal cell carcinoma were used to determine the concordance in the judgment of clinical tumor border. The probability of the border that was selected more often was used to calculate the rater agreement rate for each dataset. Correct judgment was defined as a more frequently selected border, and the concordance rate of clarity of clinical tumor border for each dermato‐oncologist was calculated based on the definition of the correct judgment. A median concordance rate of 85% or higher for all dermato‐oncologists was predefined as an acceptable rate for clinical use. Of the 79 datasets, rater agreement rates were 80–100%, 60–79%, and 51–59% for 55, 19, and five datasets, respectively. The median concordance rate for all dermato‐oncologists was 86% (interquartile range: 82–89%). There was no significant difference in the concordance rate between the experts and the trainees (median, 87% vs. 85.5%; p = 0.58). The concordance rates of dermato‐oncologists for all datasets were relatively high and acceptable for clinical use.
Spatial scaling of gregarious host populations and nonlinearities in infectious disease transmission
Authors: Cattadori Isabella M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch Highlight: Lunn, T. J., Peel, A. J., Eby, P., Brooks, R., Plowright, R. K., Kessler, M. K., & McCallum, H. (2021). Counterintuitive scaling between population abundance and local density: Implications for modelling transmission of infectious diseases in bat populations. Journal of Animal Ecology, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365‐2656.13634. Quantifying the transmission of an infectious disease is often difficult and for natural animal systems it can be a major challenge. Animals move over time and space changing their degree of aggregation and rate of contact, which, in turn, affects the risk of infection and the onward spread of the pathogen. Capturing the fundamentals of these processes requires the identification of both the correct spatial scale at which the processes take place and what constitutes a meaningful host population unit. Lunn et al. collected data on the gregarious Pteropus (flying foxes) bats from roost sites in Australia and investigated whether total bat abundance at the roost level, the spatial scale commonly used to model pathogen spread in bat populations, was representative of bat measurements at the tree level, the scale at which pathogen transmission between bats most likely occurs. Their findings showed that bat population measurements at the sub‐plot level were strong predictors for potential transmission at the tree scale, while roost‐level measurements were less robust. This study suggests that bat abundance at roost is inadequate to capture the gregarious structure of bat populations and the fundamental processes of transmission at lower scale.
The effect of sanitation and safe drinking water on child mortality and life expectancy: Evidence from a global sample of 100 countries
Authors: Ummalla Mallesh , Samal Asharani , Zakari Abdulrasheed , Lingamurthy Sathu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to answer two important questions: first, does child mortality reduce with better access to sanitation and safe drinking water? second, does life expectancy improve by adopting safer sanitation and drinking water facilities? The study also accounts for other important variables in the models, such as household final consumption expenditure, per capita income, and urbanisation. The study employs robust panel econometric techniques to achieve the study objectives using annual data of 100 countries from 1990 to 2015. Our findings establish that sanitation and safe drinking water facilities have a significant negative and positive impacts on child mortality and life expectancy, respectively. Our results also suggest that the effect is more from safe drinking water facilities than the sanitation across both models. The robustness check results confirm that access to sanitation and water facilities in rural and urban areas also plays a vital role in reducing child mortality and improving quality of life by increasing life expectancy. Our study provides some policy suggestions and adds value to the body of knowledge.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis: Water type and temperature affect environmental DNA decay
Authors: Lamb Philip D. , Fonseca Vera G. , Maxwell David L. , Nnanatu Chibuzor C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) has been used in a variety of ecological studies and management applications. The rate at which eDNA decays has been widely studied but at present it is difficult to disentangle study‐specific effects from factors that universally affect eDNA degradation. To address this, a systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted on aquatic eDNA studies. Analysis revealed eDNA decayed faster at higher temperatures and in marine environments (as opposed to freshwater). DNA type (mitochondrial or nuclear) and fragment length did not affect eDNA decay rate, although a preference for <200 bp sequences in the available literature means this relationship was not assessed with longer sequences (e.g. >800 bp). At present, factors such as ultraviolet light, pH, and microbial load lacked sufficient studies to feature in the meta‐analysis. Moving forward, we advocate researching these factors to further refine our understanding of eDNA decay in aquatic environments.
Evaluating the accuracy of variant calling methods using the frequency of parent‐offspring genotype mismatch
Authors: Jasper Russ J. , McDonald Tegan Krista , Singh Pooja , Lu Mengmeng , Rougeux Clément , Lind Brandon M. , Yeaman Sam 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe use of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) data sets has increased dramatically over the last decade, but there have been few systematic analyses quantifying the accuracy of the commonly used variant caller programs. Here we used a familial design consisting of diploid tissue from a single lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) parent and the maternally derived haploid tissue from 106 full‐sibling offspring, where mismatches could only arise due to mutation or bioinformatic error. Given the rarity of mutation, we used the rate of mismatches between parent and offspring genotype calls to infer the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping error rates of FreeBayes, HaplotypeCaller, SAMtools, UnifiedGenotyper, and VarScan. With baseline filtering HaplotypeCaller and UnifiedGenotyper yielded more SNPs and higher error rates by one to two orders of magnitude, whereas FreeBayes, SAMtools and VarScan yielded lower numbers of SNPs and more modest error rates. To facilitate comparison between variant callers we standardized each SNP set to the same number of SNPs using additional filtering, where UnifiedGenotyper consistently produced the smallest proportion of genotype errors, followed by HaplotypeCaller, VarScan, SAMtools, and FreeBayes. Additionally, we found that error rates were minimized for SNPs called by more than one variant caller. Finally, we evaluated the performance of various commonly used filtering metrics on SNP calling. Our analysis provides a quantitative assessment of the accuracy of five widely used variant calling programs and offers valuable insights into both the choice of variant caller program and the choice of filtering metrics, especially for researchers using non‐model study systems.
Emerging Powers, Leadership, and South–South Solidarity: The Battle Over Special and Differential Treatment at the WTO
Authors: Hopewell Kristen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEmerging powers, such as China and India, have used claims of developing world leadership and South–South solidarity to strengthen their bargaining position in WTO negotiations. Yet analysis of the growing battle over special and differential treatment (SDT) suggests that such claims are increasingly tenuous. The question of how emerging economic powers should be classified and treated under global trade rules has become an acute source of conflict in the trade regime. The emerging powers insist on access to SDT as an unconditional right of developing countries. But in a debate dominated by the emerging and established powers, the interests of most developing countries have been largely overlooked. Drawing on the cases of agriculture and fisheries – two areas of international trade of particular importance to the developing world – I show that extending SDT to the emerging powers is increasingly problematic for global development. In these areas, many emerging economies are now among the world's largest subsidizers, and the harmful effects of their policies are felt most keenly by other developing countries. Granting SDT to exempt emerging subsidizers from WTO disciplines would therefore undermine efforts to use global trade rules to promote global development, as well as to protect the environment.
Total and regional body adiposity increases during menopause—evidence from a follow‐up study
Authors: Juppi Hanna‐Kaarina , Sipilä Sarianna , Fachada Vasco , Hyvärinen Matti , Cronin Neil , Aukee Pauliina , Karppinen Jari E. , Selänne Harri , Kujala Urho M. , Kovanen Vuokko , Karvinen Sira , Laakkonen Eija K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFor women, menopausal transition is a time of significant hormonal changes, which may contribute to altered body composition and regional adipose tissue accumulation. Excess adiposity, and especially adipose tissue accumulation in the central body region, increases women's risk of cardiovascular and metabolic conditions and affects physical functioning. We investigated the associations between menopausal progression and total and regional body adiposity measured with dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry and computed tomography in two longitudinal cohort studies of women aged 47–55 (n = 230 and 148, mean follow‐up times 1.3 ± 0.7 and 3.9 ± 0.2 years, mean baseline BMI 25.5 kg/m2). We also examined associations between menopausal progression and skeletal muscle fiber characteristics, as well as adipose tissue‐derived adipokines. Relative increases of 2%–14% were observed in regional and total body adiposity measures, with a pronounced fat mass increase in the android area (4% and 14% during short‐ and long‐term follow‐ups). Muscle fiber oxidative and glycolytic capacities and intracellular adiposity were not affected by menopause, but were differentially correlated with total and regional body adiposity at different menopausal stages. Menopausal progression and regional adipose tissue masses were positively associated with serum adiponectin and leptin, and negatively associated with resistin levels. Higher diet quality and physical activity level were also inversely associated with several body adiposity measures. Therefore, healthy lifestyle habits before and during menopause might delay the onset of severe metabolic conditions in women.
Computed tomography venography description of the normal anatomy of the canine hindlimb venous system
Authors: Besuden Klara Theresia , Meyer‐Lindenberg Andrea , Brühschwein Andreas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study was performed to provide a description of the normal anatomy of the canine hindlimb veins using helical CT images. The studies of 30 dogs that underwent CT venography with a 64‐slice helical CT scanner were retrospectively reviewed. The dogs were positioned in a head‐first prone or head‐first supine body position. A topogram CT scan was performed from the pelvic limbs cranial to the iliac wings to the tips of the paws. Bolus‐tracking software was used for the dual‐phase angiogram, and contrast medium was administered in a cephalic vein. The venous phase was scanned after a delay time of a few seconds after the arterial phase in a caudocranial direction. Three‐dimensional images were generated using maximum intensity projections and volume rendering technique. Representative images of three of the 30 dogs were selected and anatomic structures labelled.
Hidradenitis suppurativa: Evaluating activity patterns and predictors of recalcitrant course–A population‐based study
Authors: Fisher Shani , Kagan Ilya , Zoller Lilach , Cohen Arnon D. , Kridin Khalaf 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological evidence regarding the course and activity patterns of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is yet to be delineated.ObjectiveTo identify activity patterns of HS throughout the time axis and to outline predictors of recalcitrant disease course.MethodsA population‐based retrospective cohort study was performed to follow patients with HS (n = 4417) throughout the initial 10 years following their diagnosis. The disease was considered active in a certain month if one of the following criteria was fulfilled: (i) purchase of an HS‐related drug, (ii) admission to a dermatological ward and (iii) referral to a dermatological consultation in an emergency room. Patients with a recalcitrant disease were defined as those with ≥5 years of follow‐up with ≥6 ‘active months’ each. Patients with an indolent course were defined as those experiencing ≥9 years of follow‐up with ≤1 ‘active months’ each.ResultsThe average (SD) number of months in which patients had an active disease was 1.37 (1.28) months per year. While 98 (2.2%) patients pursued a recalcitrant course, 1390 (31.5%) went through an indolent disease course. Older age (≥38 years; adjusted OR, 6.17; 95% CI, 3.33–11.43), Arab ethnicity (adjusted OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.20–3.48), low socioeconomic status (adjusted OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.03–2.60), obesity (adjusted OR, 3.47; 95% CI, 2.25–5.34) and smoking (adjusted OR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.57–4.47) were found to independently predict recalcitrant course of HS.ConclusionsMild course is more frequently encountered than severe course among Israeli patients with HS. Modifiable risk factors of recalcitrant course should be carefully addressed.
Spitzoid proliferative nodules arising in a congenital melanocytic naevus: A case report with clinical, dermoscopic and histologic correlation
Authors: Amat‐Samaranch Victoria , Yélamos Oriol , Agut‐Busquet Eugènia , Dalmau Joan , Mozos Ana , López Susana , Roé Esther 
Published: May 2022

AbstractProliferative nodules (PNs) are benign nodular proliferation of melanocytes occurring within congenital melanocytic naevi (CMN). Differential diagnosis between PN and melanoma is challenging for clinicians and pathologists. We describe the case of a 9‐month‐old boy who developed multiple nodules arising in a medium‐sized CMN. Clinically, pink papules were observed, with dotted vessels on dermoscopy, suggesting spitzoid PN. On histopathological examination, the dermoscopic findings correlated with the vertical vessels of a spitzoid PN. Dermoscopy could be a useful tool to differentiate PN from melanoma. However, further studies describing the dermoscopic features of the different PN subtypes are needed. Histopathology remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis aided by ancillary molecular tests such as fluorescence in situ hybridization or comparative genomic hybridization.