bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Function matters: Coronavirus cross-binding antibodies do not cross-neutralize
Authors: Farcet Maria R. , Schwaiger Julia , Karbiener Michael , Kreil Thomas R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
During the current pandemic, the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralization capacity of the immunoglobulin (IG) supply has changed from undetectable for lots manufactured from plasma collected before the pandemic, to now highly potent.
Objective
As antibodies induced by exposure to or vaccination against Coronaviruses were shown to be cross-coronavirus reactive, it was of interest to understand whether SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies would result in increased functional IG potency also against seasonal Coronaviruses.
Methods
IG lots from US plasma collected before SARS-CoV-2 emerged and collected during the pandemic were analyzed by live virus neutralization assay for SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) NL63 and OC43 neutralizing antibody content.
Results
Pre-pandemic IG showed no SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers. However, IG lots produced from plasma of post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) individuals exhibited robust anti-SARS-CoV-2 potency (1267 IU/ml) which further increased approximately 4-fold in pandemic IG lots reaching a mean titer of 5122 IU/ml. Nonetheless, neutralizing antibody potencies to the HCoVs NL63 and OC43 remained stable over this period, i.e., have not increased correspondingly.
Conclusion
The present results show that cross-Coronavirus-reactive antibodies are not cross-neutralizing, i.e., SARS-CoV-2 antibodies do not neutralize seasonal Coronaviruses NL63 and OC43.
An Enhanced Spectrum Allocation Algorithm for Secondary Users in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Agarwal Sheenu , Vijay Sandip , Bagwari Ashish 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Wireless communication is a vast field in order to do researches on transmitter sections, wireless mediums, receiver sections, repeaters as well as different antennas. The spectrum used for wireless communication is limited and the number of users is increasing day by day. To use the available spectrum efficiently cognitive radio were introduced in which different allocation schemes were proposed by the researchers. In this paper an enhanced artificial bee colony algorithm is proposed for predicting and sensing the channel of primary user which results in the efficient usage of the available spectrum via secondary users, the enhanced artificial bee colony algorithm first predict the channel allocated to primary user, thereafter it performs sensing of the channel due to which the false alarm probability reduced and overall throughput of the network increases. The proposed algorithm overcomes the drawbacks of modified traditional methodologies which were used only for sensing a channel and shows 11.8% more efficiency as compared to binary artificial bee colony algorithm. In future, the method for predicting the channel’s availability can be enhanced in order to maximize the probability of channel allocation to the secondary user.
Recurrent Radiculopathy Caused by Epidural Gas After Percutaneous TLIF spine surgery
Authors: Fares Ali Housein , Tonetti Jerome 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
An epidural gas (EG) containing pseudocyst is an unusual finding after surgery[1]. We presented a case of 72 years old woman presenting with recurrent radiculopathy due to epidural gas (EG) accumulation 2 weeks after percutaneous lumber spine surgery with posterior fixation and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). After failure of Conservative treatment, the patient underwent revision spinal surgery to remove the gaseous cyst.
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Drought Stress response Mediated by Biological Processes and Key Pathways in Gossypium Darwinii
Authors: Xu Cuilian , Ilyas Muhammad Kashif , Magwanga Richard Odongo , Lu Hejun , Khan M Kashif Riaz , Zhou Zhongli , Li Yujun , Kuang Zhengcheng , Ghafoor Abdul , Javaid Asif , Ibrar Danish , Wang Kunbo , Liu Fang , Chen Haodong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background The allotetraploid wild cotton species, Gossypium darwinii, possess important traits of stress tolerance and good genetic stability that can be used for cotton improvement.Materials and Methods In this study, we analyzed the RNA-seq transcriptomes from leaves of G. darwinii seedlings with and without drought stress. A total of 86.7 million valid reads with an average length of 95.79 bp were generated from the two samples and 58,960 transcripts with a length of more than 500 bp were assembled. We searched the known proteins on the strength of sequence similarity; these transcripts were annotated with COG, KEGG and GO functional categories. According to gene expression abundance RPKM value, we carried out RT-qPCR analysis to determine the expression pattern of the obtained transcription factors.Results A total of 58,961 genes was differentially expressed (DEG), with 32,693 and 25,919 genes found to be upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Through gene ontology and KEGG pathways, the upregulated genes were found to associate with all the GO terms, molecular functions (MF), biological process (BP) and cellular components (CC), which are highly linked to enhancing drought stress tolerance.Conclusion The results obtained provide valuable information and a large number of transcripts, which can be exploited by cotton breeders in developing a more drought stress tolerant cotton germplasm.
Acute Mitral Valve Regurgitation Secondary to Papillary Muscle Rupture Due to Infective Endocarditis: A Case Report
Authors: Amirkhosravi Farshad , Abri Qasim Al , Lu Alexander J. , Nihum Lamees I. El , Eng Renee K. , von Ballmoos Moritz C. Wyler , Ramchandani Mahesh K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Papillary muscle rupture due to infective endocarditis is a rare event and proper management of this condition has not been described in the literature. Our case aims to shed light on treatment strategies for these patients using the current guidelines.Case Presentation: This case presents a 58-year-old male with acute heart failure secondary to papillary muscle rupture. He underwent an en bloc resection of his mitral valve with a bioprosthetic valve replacement. Specimen pathology later showed necrotic papillary muscle due to infective endocarditis. The patient was further treated with antibiotic therapy. He recovered well post-operatively and continued to do well after discharge.Conclusion: In patients who present with papillary muscle rupture secondary to infective endocarditis, clinical symptoms should drive the treatment strategy. Despite the etiology, early mitral valve surgery remains treatment of choice for patients who have papillary muscle rupture leading to acute heart failure. Culture-guided prolonged antibiotic treatment is vital in this category of patients, especially those who have a prosthetic valve implanted.
Single-crystal elasticity of (Al,Fe)-bearing bridgmanite up to 82 GPa
Authors: Fu Suyu , Zhang Yanyao , Okuchi Takuo , Lin Jung-Fu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThermoelastic properties of mantle candidate minerals are essential to our understanding of geophysical phenomena, geochemistry, and geodynamic evolutions of the silicate Earth. However, the lower-mantle mineralogy remains much debated due to the lack of single-crystal elastic moduli (Cij) and aggregate sound velocities of (Al,Fe)-bearing bridgmanite, the most abundant mineral of the planet, at the lower mantle pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions. Here we report single-crystal Cij of (Al,Fe)-bearing bridgmanite, Mg0.88Fe0.1Al0.14Si0.90O3 (Fe10-Al14-Bgm) with Fe3+/ΣFe = ~0.65, up to ~82 GPa using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brillouin light scattering (BLS), and impulsive stimulated light scattering (ISLS) measurements in diamond-anvil cells (DACs). Two crystal platelets with orientations of (–0.50, 0.05, –0.86) and (0.65, –0.59, 0.48), that are sensitive to deriving all nine Cij, are used for compressional and shear wave velocity (νP and νS) measurements as a function of azimuthal angles over 200° at each experimental pressure. Our results show that all Cij of singe-crystal Fe10-Al14-Bgm increase monotonically with pressure with small uncertainties of 1–2% (±1σ), except C55 and C23, which have uncertainties of 3–4%. Using the third-order Eulerian finite-strain equations to model the elasticity data yields the aggregate adiabatic bulk and shear moduli and respective pressure derivatives at the reference pressure of 25 GPa: KS = 326 ± 4 GPa, µ = 211 ± 2 GPa, KS′ = 3.32 ± 0.04, and µ′ = 1.66 ± 0.02 GPa. The high-pressure aggregate νS and νP of Fe10-Al14-Bgm are 2.6–3.5% and 3.1–4.7% lower than those of MgSiO3 bridgmanite end-member, respectively. These data are used with literature reports on bridgmanite with different Fe and Al contents to quantitatively evaluate pressure and compositional effects on their elastic properties. Comparing with one-dimensional seismic profiles, our modeled velocity profiles of major lower-mantle mineral assemblages at relevant P-T suggest that the lower mantle could likely consist of about 89 vol% (Al,Fe)-bearing bridgmanite. After considering uncertainties, our best-fit model is still indistinguishable from pyrolitic or chondritic models.
Analysis of precipitation characteristics and changes of drought and flood disasters on Anhui Province between 1961 and 2020, based on time series
Authors: Zhang Xianqi , Zhao Dong , Zhao Yue , Wen Yihao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The analysis of annual precipitation evolution characteristics is of great value and significance for revealing the spatial and temporal variation patterns of regional precipitation, water resources development and utilization, short-term climate, drought, flood disaster prediction, etc. The Mann-Kendall (MK) mutation test, cumulative distance level method, and Morlet wavelet analysis were used to analyze the precipitation evolution in Anhui Province from 1961 to 2020. The results showed that the average annual temperature and precipitation in Anhui Province showed a significant increasing trend during 1961–2020, with warming and humidification. 1994 was the year of abrupt climate change in Anhui Province, and the temperature after the abrupt change was 2.10 times that before the abrupt change. El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a synchronized resonance cycle with droughts and floods in Anhui Province at 5.8 a. The annual scale of ENSO events is an important theoretical support for regional drought and flood warnings. The chance of drought and flooding in Anhui Province is greater than 50% in the year of ENSO event or two years after the event, and the year of ENSO event or the year after is prone to drought and flooding, so we should strengthen the flood and drought warning, disaster prevention and mitigation.
Synthetic Utility of Aminomercapto[1,2,4]triazoles in the Preparation of Fused
Triazoles
Authors: Riyadh Sayed M. , Abolibda Tariq Z. , Sayed Abdelwahed R. , Gomha Sobhi M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Triazoles and their fused derivatives are regarded as one of the most pharmacologically
significant pillars due to their potent, broad, and numerous activities. This current review
presents recent progress in the synthetic utility of 3-substituted-4-amino-5-mercapto[1,2,4]-
triazoles as building blocks for a diverse range of fused [1,2,4]triazoles with pharmacological
interest eg. pyrazolo-triazoles, triazolo-thiadiazoles, triazolo-triazoles, triazolo-thiadiazines,
triazolo-triazines, triazolo-tetrazines, triazolo-thiadiazepines, and others. The biological activity
of some triazoles and their fused derivatives are also presented. This suggests that triazoles
can be particularly promising synthons in synthesis of functionalized heterocyclic compounds
used in the design of novel, highly effective pharmaceuticals with a broad spectrum of bioresponses.
All of these topics are drawn in this review from the period from 2000 to 2020.
Temporal Speech Parameters Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment in Different
Languages: Validation and Comparison of the Speech-GAP Test® in
English and Hungarian
Authors: Kálmán János , Devanand Davangere P. , Gosztolya Gábor , Balogh Réka , Imre Nóra , Tóth László , Hoffmann Ildikó , Kovács Ildikó , Vincze Veronika , Pákáski Magdolna 
Published: April 2022

Background:
The development of automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology allows
the analysis of temporal (time-based) speech parameters characteristic of mild cognitive impairment
(MCI). However, no information has been available on whether the analysis of spontaneous speech can
be used with the same efficiency in different language environments.

Objective:
The main goal of this international pilot study is to address the question of whether the
Speech-Gap Test® (S-GAP Test®), previously tested in the Hungarian language, is appropriate for and
applicable to the recognition of MCI in other languages such as English.

Method:
After an initial screening of 88 individuals, English-speaking (n = 33) and Hungarianspeaking
(n = 33) participants were classified as having MCI or as healthy controls (HC) based on Petersen’s
criteria. The speech of each participant was recorded via a spontaneous speech task. Fifteen
temporal parameters were determined and calculated through ASR.

Results:
Seven temporal parameters in the English-speaking sample and 5 in the Hungarian-speaking
sample showed significant differences between the MCI and the HC groups. Receiver operating characteristics
(ROC) analysis clearly distinguished the English-speaking MCI cases from the HC group based
on speech tempo and articulation tempo with 100% sensitivity, and on three more temporal parameters
with high sensitivity (85.7%). In the Hungarian-speaking sample, the ROC analysis showed similar
sensitivity rates (92.3%).

Conclusion:
The results of this study in different native-speaking populations suggest that changes in
acoustic parameters detected by the S-GAP Test® might be present across different languages.
Dysregulated Epigenetics of Chordoma: Prognostic Markers and Therapeutic
Targets
Authors: Shukla Hem , Tu Kevin , Lee Sang , Roy Sanjit , Sawant Amit 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Chordoma is a rare, slow-growing sarcoma that is locally aggressive and typically resistant
to conventional chemo- and radiotherapies. Despite its low incidence, chordoma remains a clinical
challenge because therapeutic options for chordoma are limited, and little is known about the molecular
mechanisms involved in resistance to therapies. Furthermore, there are currently no established predictive
or prognostic biomarkers to follow disease progression or treatment. Whole-genome sequencing
of chordoma tissues has demonstrated a low-frequency mutation rate compared to other cancers.
This has generated interest in the role of epigenetic events in chordoma pathogenesis. In this review,
we discuss the current understanding of the epigenetic drivers of chordoma and their potential applications
in prognosis and the development of new therapies.
Premature Infants have no Higher Risk of Atopy and Respiratory Functions Compared to Control at 4-6 Years of Age
Authors: Satar Mehmet , Güven Tuğçe , Şimşek Hüseyin , Ufuk Altıntaş Derya 
Published: April 2022

Aims:
This study aimed to evaluate the respiratory functions and atopy conditions of preterm
infants treated with aminophylline or caffeine for apnea in NICU in early childhood.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective cohort study. In this study, 27 patients aged 4 to 6
years hospitalized in NICU for prematurity and 26 healthy children were included. The subjects
were evaluated for fx5, phadiatope, total IgE levels, skin tests, and respiratory function tests.

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference among groups in terms of fx5, phadiatope,
total IgE levels, and skin test results. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was found
among the groups in terms of FVC, FEV1, FEV1/ FVC, PEF, MEF75, MEF50, MEF25, and MEF25-75
values in respiratory function tests. Preterm neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) had
higher FEV1 values compared to ones without BPD (p=0.02).

Conclusion:
Preterm infants treated with aminophylline or caffeine did not have a higher risk of
atopy and had similar respiratory function tests compared to healthy infants at 4-6 years old. However,
FEV1 values were higher in infants with BPD. These results suggested that respiratory functions
could be affected in the long-term follow-up of premature infants with BPD.
Evaluation of thein vivoAntioxidant and Antihemolytic Potential ofPeganum harmalaMethanolic Seed Extract
Authors: Djarmouni Meriem , Adjadj Moufida , Baghiani Abderrahmane 
Published: April 2022

Background:Peganum harmala L. is a medicinal herbal plant widely used in traditional medicine in various countries, especially in Algeria. This study aimed to carry out the extraction of P. harmala seeds and to evaluate the antioxidant and antihemolytic potentials of 100 mg/kg methanol extract in plasma, blood, and liver of Swiss albino mice.Methods:The antioxidant capacity of the plasma samples was performed using free radical scavenging (DPPH assay) and reducing power activities. However, the antihemolytic effect of methanol extract was measured in the blood induced by tBH. The biomarkers of oxidative stress were evaluated in liver tissues by measuring the activity of catalase enzyme (CAT), and the level of GSH and MDA products.Results:The results showed that 100 mg/kg of MOHE did not show any significant changes in plasma antioxidant capacity by DPPH assay when we compared with a control group (32.70 ± 4,45 %), however, the reducing power capacity of plasma is remarkable in methanolic extract and VitC groups. Fifty percent of red blood cell lysis was calculated (HT50) for measuring the antihemolytic effect, the results showed that MOHEhad a protective effect against RBC hemolysis with HT50 = 78,51 ± 11,32 min. In addition, MOHE increases the activity of CAT, GSH levels whereas it decreases the MDA levels in the homogenate liver, which demonstrates that MOHE inhibits the lipid peroxidation in the liver.Conclusion:This plant has a strong pharmacological power due to its secondary metabolite. However, its uses for therapeutic purposes is not without danger and exposes the risk of intoxication.
Combination of Curcumin and Quercetin: Reclaiming the Lost Ground
Against Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Yadav Manoj Kumar , Vishwakarma Vishal Kumar , Dwivedi Jayesh , Upadhyay Prabhat Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Background:
An alkylating agent named cyclophosphamide (CP) is an immunosuppressant used in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis and various cancers. The combination of curcumin and quercetin was evaluated for antioxidant activity against CP-induced renal oxidative stress in Wistar rats.

Methods:
A prophylactic treatment using a combination of curcumin and quercetin is given to the rats at 80 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg (b.w.) of the oral dose administered before single injection of CP at 200 mg/kg intra-peritoneally (i.p.). The effects of curcumin and quercetin combination on CP-induced nephrotoxicity were investigated using the assay of oxidative stress biomarkers, serum kidney toxicity markers, and histopathology of kidney tissue.

Result:
A single dose of CP were enhanced the malondialdehyde (MDA), creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level and reduced the body weight indices (OBWI), haematological parameter, glutathione (GSH) content. The oral administration of curcumin and quercetin were caused a substantial reduction of the MDA, creatinine, BUN level and increased the OBWI, haematological parameter, GSH content.

Conclusion:
The present findings suggest that curcumin and quercetin combination has a prominent role against CP-induced renal injury.
Severe Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Complicating Treatment-naive
Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Meena Durga Shankar , Meena Mahadev , Kumar Deepak , Pandit Sonu 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Haematological manifestations in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have been uncommon since the advent of direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs). However, primary HCV infection can cause significant haematological disease in the form of various autoimmune cytopeni-as.

Case Presentation:
We herein discuss a 68-years-old female with chronic HCV infection for the last 15 years (not on the treatment), who presented with complaints of progressive fatigue, exertion-al dyspnea, and increased abdominal distention over the previous 20 days. Coombs-positive auto-immune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) was diagnosed based on the haematological evaluation (raised lactate dehydrogenase, indirect bilirubinemia, raised reticulocyte count and direct Coombs posi-tive). The patient showed significant improvement in haematological indices with oral predniso-lone. However, she eventually succumbed to her illness due to underlying decompensated liver dis-ease. HCV infection may associate with global derangement of the immune system, which is likely to cause AIHA. Diagnosis of autoimmune cytopenias can be easily missed in HCV positive patients due to underlying decompensated liver disease and portal hypertension.

Conclusion:
Thus, screening of HCV infection is imperative in every patient of AIHA, especially with the high worldwide prevalence of HCV.
Role of Dietary Supplements in Thyroid Diseases
Authors: Dahiya Vinesh , Vasudeva Neeru , Sharma Sunil , Kumar Ashok 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Thyroid hormones play a vital role in regulating our body’s metabolism.
Two important thyroid hormones released from the thyroid gland are tri-iodothyronine (T3) and
tetra-iodothyronine (T4). Thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid regulating hormone control
the T3 and T4 levels in our body. Increased TSH levels indicate hypothyroidism and decreased
TSH levels indicate hyperthyroidism. Iodine is a crucial nutrient for the synthesis of thyroid hormones
and is mostly obtained from our diet. Other essential nutrients for the thyroid hormones
formation include selenium, iron, vitamin D, vitamin B12, etc. Dietary changes in these nutrients
can result in alterations in thyroid function and structure. Although normally, the hormonal diseases
cannot be cured, but we can improve their signs and symptoms using suitable dietary supplements.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to thoroughly analyze the various benefits and risks associated
with the use of dietary supplements for the prevention and treatment of various thyroid disorders,
like hypothyroidism, as seen in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; hyperthyroidism, as seen in
Graves’ disease; sick euthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism.

Methods:
Literature was searched using the search terms “dietary supplements+thyroid diseases”
on Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and other search engines, and data were
collected from 1967 to November, 2021, including research inputs from the authors. The literature
was thoroughly searched, and deep knowledge was acquired on this topic, which was then
sequentially organized and summarized using suitable tables and figures.

Conclusion:
After analyzing various studies on this topic, we arrived at the conclusion that although
there are various claimed and observed health benefits of dietary supplements in the prevention
and treatment of various thyroid disorders, still several studies have shown too many risks
to be associated with the use of dietary supplements, and people using these products should be
aware of these risks in order to use them very judiciously for the improvement of their thyroid
status.