bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glutamine exerts a protective effect on osteoarthritis development by inhibiting the Jun N-terminal kinase and nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathways
Authors: Zhong Lin , Cao Le , Song Rui , Yang Xue-Fei , Li Jia-Le , Yang Hai-Tao , Zhou Hong-Xiang , Fan Hai-Tao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStrategies for treating osteoarthritis (OA) have become a research focus because an effective treatment for OA is unavailable. The objective of this study was to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of glutamine (Gln) in OA. First, the chondrocytes were identified and a standard IL-1β-induced OA model was established. After treatment with Gln or saline, the viability and apoptosis of chondrocytes were evaluated using a CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis, which revealed that Gln can improve the IL-1β-induced OA cells. Meanwhile, Gln can enhance the expression of aggrecan and collagen II, which are protective proteins for articular cartilage. Instead, Gln inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), which can degrade cartilage. To better understand the underlying mechanisms of Gln in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes, the classical OA pathways of JNK and NF-κB were examined at the protein and mRNA levels using western blot and qRT–PCR analyses. We found that JNK and NF-κB were downregulated gradually depending on the Gln dose and protective and destructive factors changed based on changes of JNK and NF-κB. The effects of high-dose Gln were more effective than low-dose. Moreover, Gln was applied to the animal OA model to check the effects in vivo. The results showed that Gln attenuated cartilage degeneration and decreased OARSI scores, which demonstrated that Gln can improve OA. The experiments showed that Gln can benefit mice with OA by inhibiting the JNK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
Regulation of extracellular matrix components by AmrZ is mediated by c-di-GMP in Pseudomonas ogarae F113
Authors: Blanco-Romero Esther , Garrido-Sanz Daniel , Durán David , Rivilla Rafael , Redondo-Nieto Miguel , Martín Marta 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe AmrZ/FleQ hub has been identified as a central node in the regulation of environmental adaption in the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium and model for rhizosphere colonization Pseudomonas ogarae F113. AmrZ is involved in the regulation of motility, biofilm formation, and bis-(3′-5′)-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) turnover, among others, in this bacterium. The mutants in amrZ have a pleiotropic phenotype with distinguishable colony morphology, reduced biofilm formation, increased motility, and are severely impaired in competitive rhizosphere colonization. Here, RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR gene expression analyses revealed that AmrZ regulates many genes related to the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) components at the transcriptional level. Furthermore, overproduction of c-di-GMP in an amrZ mutant, by ectopic production of the Caulobacter crescentus constitutive diguanylate cyclase PleD*, resulted in increased expression of many genes implicated in the synthesis of ECM components. The overproduction of c-di-GMP in the amrZ mutant also suppressed the biofilm formation and motility phenotypes, but not the defect in competitive rhizosphere colonization. These results indicate that although biofilm formation and motility are mainly regulated indirectly by AmrZ, through the modulation of c-di-GMP levels, the implication of AmrZ in rhizosphere competitive colonization occurs in a c-di-GMP-independent manner.
Soret and Dufour effects on unsteady MHD second-grade nanofluid flow across an exponentially stretching surface
Authors: Siddique Imran , Nadeem Muhammad , Awrejcewicz Jan , Pawłowski Witold 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe unsteady energy and mass transport of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) second grade nanofluid via an exponentially extending surface with Dufour and Soret effects are investigated in this study. Variable thermal conductivity and mixed convection effects are used to investigate the heat transfer mechanism. There are also new characteristics such as slip flow, viscous dissipation, Brownian motion, nonlinear thermal radiation, and thermophoresis. In the problem formulation, the boundary-layer approximation is used. Using the suitable transformations, the energy, momentum, and concentration equations are generated into non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The solution to the resultant problems was calculated via the Homotopy analysis method (HAM). The effects of environmental parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are graphically depicted. When comparing the current results to the previous literature, there was also a satisfactory level of agreement. In comparison to a flow based on constant characteristics, the flow with variable thermal conductivity is shown to be significantly different and realistic. The temperature of the fluid grew in direct proportion to the thermophoresis motion, buoyancy ratio, and Brownian motion parameters. According to the findings, the slippery porous surface may be employed efficiently in chemical and mechanical sectors that deal with a variety of very viscous flows.
Facile fabrication of screen-printed MoS2 electrodes for electrochemical sensing of dopamine
Authors: Pavličková Michaela , Lorencová Lenka , Hatala Michal , Kováč Miroslav , Tkáč Ján , Gemeiner Pavol 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2) screen-printed working electrodes were developed for dopamine (DA) electrochemical sensing. MoS2 working electrodes were prepared from high viscosity screen-printable inks containing various concentrations and sizes of MoS2 particles and ethylcellulose binder. Rheological properties of MoS2 inks and their suitability for screen-printing were analyzed by viscosity curve, screen-printing simulation and oscillatory modulus. MoS2 inks were screen-printed onto conductive FTO (Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide) substrates. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) analysis were used to characterize the homogeneity, topography and thickness of the screen-printed MoS2 electrodes. The electrochemical performance was assessed through differential pulse voltammetry. Results showed an extensive linear detection of dopamine from 1 µM to 300 µM (R2 = 0.996, sensitivity of 5.00 × 10–8 A μM−1), with the best limit of detection being 246 nM. This work demonstrated the possibility of simple, low-cost and rapid preparation of high viscosity MoS2 ink and their use to produce screen-printed FTO/MoS2 electrodes for dopamine detection.
The ‘prostate-muscle index’: a simple pelvic cavity measurement predicting estimated blood loss and console time in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Kimura Naoki , Yamada Yuta , Takeshima Yuta , Otsuka Masafumi , Akamatsu Nobuhiko , Hakozaki Yuji , Miyakawa Jimpei , Sato Yusuke , Akiyama Yoshiyuki , Yamada Daisuke , Fujimura Tetsuya , Kume Haruki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study was to show the impact of ‘prostate-muscle index (PMI)’, which we developed as a novel pelvic cavity measurement, in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). We defined PMI as the ‘distance between the inner edge of the obturator internus muscle and the lateral edge of the prostate at the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) slice showing the maximum width of the prostate’. Seven hundred sixty patients underwent RARP at the University of Tokyo Hospital from November 2011 to December 2018. MRI results were unavailable in 111 patients. In total, 649 patients were eligible for this study. Median values of blood loss and console time were 300 mL and 168 min. In multivariate analysis, body mass index (BMI), prostate volume-to-pelvic cavity index (PV-to-PCI), PMI, and surgical experience were significantly associated with blood loss > 300 mL (P = 0.0002, 0.002, < 0.0001, and 0.006 respectively). Additionally, BMI, PMI, and surgical experience were also significantly associated with console time > 160 min in multivariate analysis (P = 0.04, 0.004, and < 0.0001, respectively). In conclusion, PMI may provide useful information to surgeons and patients in preoperative decision-making.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of trimethylolpropane triester (bio-lubricant) from camelina oil
Authors: Rokni Kian , Mostafaei Mostafa , Dehghani-Soufi Masoud , Kahrizi Danial 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVegetable oils, whose hydrocarbon structure is very similar to that of petroleum products, are ideal renewable and sustainable alternatives to petroleum lubricants. Bio-lubricants are commonly synthesized by modifying the chemical structure of vegetable oils. In this study, microwave irradiation was applied to intensify the mass-transfer-limited transesterification reaction to produce trimethylolpropane triester (bio-lubricant) from camelina oil as a promising local energy crop. A rotatable RSM-BBD method was applied to find the optimal levels of experimental factors, namely reaction time (67.8 min), the catalyst concentration (1.4 wt%) and the molar ratio (3.5). In these optimal levels, the reaction yield of 94.3% was obtained with desirability of 0.975. The quadratic statistical model with a determination coefficient of 97.97%, a standard deviation of 0.91 and a variation coefficient of 1% was suggested as the most appropriate model by Design-Expert software. Finally, the physicochemical properties of the purified product were in accordance with the requirements of the ISO-VG22 base oil standard.
Improving water dispersibility and bioavailability of luteolin using microemulsion system
Authors: Miyashita Ayaka , Ito Junya , Parida Isabella Supardi , Syoji Naoki , Fujii Tomoyuki , Takahashi Hidehiro , Nakagawa Kiyotaka 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe have studied the physiological effects and health functions of luteolin, especially focusing on its absorption and metabolism. Recent studies have reported the advantages of microemulsion to improve the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble compounds, including luteolin. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the absorption and metabolic profile of luteolin delivered in microemulsion system via oral intake. First, we prepared water-dispersed luteolin (WD-L) using a microemulsion-based delivery system and confirmed that WD-L has superior water dispersibility compared to free luteolin (CO-L) based on their particle size distributions. Following administration of WD-L and CO-L to rats, we detected high level of luteolin-3'-O-β-glucuronide and lower levels of luteolin, luteolin-4'-O-β-glucuronide, and luteolin-7-O-β-glucuronide in plasma from both CO-L and WD-L groups, indicating that the metabolic profile of luteolin was similar for both groups. On top of that, we found a 2.2-fold increase in the plasma area under the curve (AUC) of luteolin-3'-O-β-glucuronide (main luteolin metabolite) in WD-L group (vs. CO-L). Altogether, our results suggested that delivering luteolin by microemulsion system improve its oral bioavailability without affecting its metabolite profile. This evidence thereby provides a solid basis for future application of microemulsion system for optimal delivery of luteolin.
Coupled stratosphere-troposphere-Atlantic multidecadal oscillation and its importance for near-future climate projection
Authors: Omrani Nour-Eddine , Keenlyside Noel , Matthes Katja , Boljka Lina , Zanchettin Davide , Jungclaus Johann H. , Lubis Sandro W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNorthern Hemisphere (NH) climate has experienced various coherent wintertime multidecadal climate trends in stratosphere, troposphere, ocean, and cryosphere. However, the overall mechanistic framework linking these trends is not well established. Here we show, using long-term transient forced coupled climate simulation, that large parts of the coherent NH-multidecadal changes can be understood within a damped coupled stratosphere/troposphere/ocean-oscillation framework. Wave-induced downward propagating positive stratosphere/troposphere-coupled Northern Annular Mode (NAM) and associated stratospheric cooling initiate delayed thermohaline strengthening of Atlantic overturning circulation and extratropical Atlantic-gyres. These increase the poleward oceanic heat transport leading to Arctic sea-ice melting, Arctic warming amplification, and large-scale Atlantic warming, which in turn initiates wave-induced downward propagating negative NAM and stratospheric warming and therefore reverse the oscillation phase. This coupled variability improves the performance of statistical models, which project further weakening of North Atlantic Oscillation, North Atlantic cooling and hiatus in wintertime North Atlantic-Arctic sea-ice and global surface temperature just like the 1950s–1970s.
An embeddable molecular code for Lewis X modification through interaction with fucosyltransferase 9
Authors: Saito Taiki , Yagi Hirokazu , Kuo Chu-Wei , Khoo Kay-Hooi , Kato Koichi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractN-glycans are diversified by a panel of glycosyltransferases in the Golgi, which are supposed to modify various glycoproteins in promiscuous manners, resulting in unpredictable glycosylation profiles in general. In contrast, our previous study showed that fucosyltransferase 9 (FUT9) generates Lewis X glycotopes primarily on lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1) in neural stem cells. Here, we demonstrate that a contiguous 29-amino acid sequence in the N-terminal domain of LAMP-1 is responsible for promotion of the FUT9-catalyzed Lewis X modification. Interestingly, Lewis X modification was induced on erythropoietin as a model glycoprotein both in vitro and in cells, just by attaching this sequence to its C-terminus. Based on these results, we conclude that the amino acid sequence from LAMP-1 functions as a “Lewis X code”, which is deciphered by FUT9, and can be embedded into other glycoproteins to evoke a Lewis X modification, opening up new possibilities for protein engineering and cell engineering.
Amplified warming from physiological responses to carbon dioxide reduces the potential of vegetation for climate change mitigation
Authors: He Mingzhu , Piao Shilong , Huntingford Chris , Xu Hao , Wang Xuhui , Bastos Ana , Cui Jiangpeng , Gasser Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlobal warming is increasing due to the ongoing rise in atmospheric greenhouse gases, and has the potential to threaten humans and ecosystems severely. Carbon dioxide, the primary rising greenhouse gas, also enhances vegetation carbon uptake, partially offsetting emissions. The vegetation physiological response to rising carbon dioxide, through partial stomatal closure and leaf area increase, can also amplify global warming, yet this is rarely accounted for in climate mitigation assessments. Using six Earth System Models, we show that vegetation physiological response consistently amplifies warming as carbon dioxide rises, primarily due to stomatal closure-induced evapotranspiration reductions. Importantly, such warming partially offsets cooling through enhanced carbon storage. We also find a stronger warming with higher leaf area and less warming with lower leaf area. Our study shows that the vegetation physiological response to elevated carbon dioxide influences local climate, which may reduce the extent of expected climate benefits offered by terrestrial ecosystems.
Variable parameter practical model of synchronous generator for precise simulation of power system
Authors: Xu Guorui , Hu Peidong , Yuan Zeyu , Zhang Aijun , Li Zhiqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe model of synchronous generator (SG) plays an important role in the simulation of power system and planning of power grid. With the constant parameter practical model (CPPM), it is difficult to consider the time‐varying characteristic of the parameters affected by the complex non‐linear factors, such as the saturation, distortion, skin effect and various spatial harmonics; thus, it cannot guarantee the precision of the simulation. In this paper, a variable parameter practical model (VPPM) of SG is proposed by coupling the CPPM with the three‐dimensional parameter database and the parameter addressing model. The three‐dimensional parameter database containing the steady‐state, transient and sub‐transient reactances and time constants is established with the terminal voltage, active power and reactive power as the variables. The parameters of the VPPM are selected through linear inter‐polation according to the operating states of the generator. In order to verify the precision of the VPPM, a single‐machine infinite system and a real power system with 204 buses and 107 generators are simulated. The result indicates that the VPPM is more accurate than the CPPM, and the stability limit and damping ratio calculated by the VPPM are larger than that by the CPPM. The study can provide important support for the precise simulation of the power system.
Corrected rank residual constraint model for image denoising
Authors: Wu Di , Zhang Tao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a novel image denoising model is proposed, named Corrected Rank Residual Constraint (CRRC). To overcome the drawback that L1 norm penalty yields biased estimators and cannot achieve the best estimation performance, the proposed CRRC incorporates the adaptive correction term with L1 minimization to improve the sparsity of the L1 norm data fidelity term enforced on the rank residual. The existence and uniqueness of solutions of the proposed model are also studied, and the optimization method for solving the model is given. The studies show that the adaptive correction term can not only improve the sparsity of the rank residual but also overcome the over‐shrinkage of large singular values. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CRRC model outperforms many state‐of‐the‐art methods in both objective and perceptual quality.
AB Aur, a Rosetta stone for studies of planet formation
Authors: Rivière-Marichalar P. , Fuente A. , Esplugues G. , Wakelam V. , le Gal R. , Baruteau C. , Ribas A. , Macías E. , Neri R. , Navarro-Almaida D. 
Published: July 2022

Context. The sulfur abundance is poorly known in most environments. Yet, deriving the sulfur abundance is key to understanding the evolution of the chemistry from molecular clouds to planetary atmospheres. We present observations of H2S 110–101 at 168.763 GHz toward the Herbig Ae star AB Aur.
Aims. We aim to study the abundance of sulfuretted species toward AB Aur and to constrain how different species and phases contribute to the sulfur budget.
Methods. We present new NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) interferometric observations of the continuum and H2S 110–101 line at 168.763 GHz toward AB Aur. We derived radial and azimuthal profiles and used them to compare the geometrical distribution of different species in the disk. Assuming local thermodynamical equilibrium (LTE), we derived column density and abundance maps for H2S, and we further used Nautilus to produce a more detailed model of the chemical abundances at different heights over the mid-plane at a distance of r = 200 au.
Results. We have resolved H2S emission in the AB Aur protoplanetary disk. The emission comes from a ring extending from 0.67″ (~109 au) to 1.69″ (~275 au). Assuming T = 30 K, nH = 109 cm−3, and an ortho-to-para ratio of three, we derived a column density of (2.3 ± 0.5) × 1013 cm−2. Under simple assumptions, we derived an abundance of (3.1 ± 0.8) × 10−10 with respect to H nuclei, which we compare with Nautilus models to deepen our understanding of the sulfur chemistry in protoplanetary disks. Chemical models indicate that H2S is an important sulfur carrier in the solid and gas phase. We also find an important transition at a height of ~12 au, where the sulfur budget moves from being dominated by ice species to being dominated by gas species.
Conclusions. We confirm that present-day models still struggle to simultaneously reproduce the observed column densities of the different sulfuretted species, and the observed abundances are still orders of magnitude away from the cosmic sulfur abundance. Studying sulfuretted species in detail in the different phases of the interstellar medium is key to solving the issue.
Synthetic Lyman-α emissions for the coronagraph aboard the ASO-S mission
Authors: Zhao J. , Zhang P. , Gibson S. E. , Fan Y. , Feng L. , Yu F. , Li H. , Gan W. Q. 
Published: July 2022

Context. Strong ultraviolet (UV) emission from the sun will be observed by the Lyman-α Solar Telescope (LST) on board the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S), scheduled for launch in 2022. It will provide continuous observations from the solar disk to the corona below a 2.5 solar radius with high resolution. To configure the appropriate observing modes and also to better understand its upcoming observations, a series of simulations and syntheses of different structures and processes need to be done in advance.
Aims. As prominence eruptions are the main drivers of space weather, the need to monitor such phenomena has been set as a priority among the objectives of ASO-S mission. In this work, we synthesize the evolution of a modeled prominence-cavity system before and during its eruption in the field of view (FOV) of LST.
Methods. We adopted the input magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model of a prominence-cavity system, which is readily comparable to the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) observations. The Lyman-α emission of the prominence and its eruptive counterparts are synthesized through the PRODOP code, which considers non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) radiative transfer processes, while the other coronal part such as the cavity and surrounding streamer, are synthesized with the FORWARD package, which deals with optically thin structures.
Results. We present a discussion of the evolution of the eruptive prominence-cavity system, analyzing the synthetic emissions both on the disk near the limb and above the limb as viewed by the coronagraph, as well as the three-dimensional (3D) data of the MHD simulation.
Conclusions. The evolution of the prominence-cavity system exhibits the condensation of cavity mass onto the prominence and the evaporation of prominence plasma into the central cavity. The synthetic emission in Lyman-α shows a similar pattern as in the AIA extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths before eruption, namely, the appearance of a “horn” substructure as a precursor to the eruption. The emission of prominence with an optically thick assumption is one to two orders of magnitude lower than the optically thin one. Here, the dimming effect in Lyman-α is analyzed, for the first time, for the eruptive prominence-cavity system. Accompanying the prominence plasma motion during the eruption, the apparent dimming shows a preferred location evolving from the top and bottom of the bright core to the whole body above the bottom part, while the collisional component progressively dominates the total emission of the flux rope bright core at these locations. By analyzing the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) with a consideration of LST’s optical design, we conclude that the substructures in the cavity and the bright core of the CME can be observed with sufficient S/N at different stages in the FOV of LST.