bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relation between ground‐dwelling and arboreal ant diversity in three vegetation types in the humid forest zone of southern Cameroon
Authors: Zephirin Tadu , Jean Pierre Guibai , Edith Blandine Messop‐ Youbi , Stephanie Edoa , Judicaël Fomekong‐Lontchi , Désirée Chantal Aléne , Champlain Djiéto‐Lordon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThough ant diversity was well documented, relations between ground‐dwelling and arboreal ants were poorly known. It was in this mind that we compared species diversity and composition between ground‐dwelling and arboreal ant in three type of habitats at Mfou, a suburban agglomeration of Yaoundé city in Cameroon. Ants were collected in secondary forests, cocoa farms, and palm groves using pitfall, baits and visual catch. Ant communities were characterised using species richness and Shannon diversity index. Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) and Venn diagrams were used to determine respectively species composition and the number of exclusive and shared species between types of habitats. We recorded 144 ant species belonging to 39 genera and 6 subfamilies. Ground‐dwelling ants were richest and diversified in secondary forests, while arboreal ant fauna was in cocoa farms. Arboreal ant community in palm groves was closed to that found on the ground in all type of habitats. Suggesting that, when a deep modifications occurred in a natural habitat, arboreal ant fauna could not establish permanent colonies. Therefore, trees canopies were colonised by some ground‐dwelling ant species who progressively substituted arboreal ant on the trees. Consequently, arboreal ant became progressively rare with intensification of anthropogenic disturbance and habitat loss.
Burying the basilisk of bioethics: What can be resolved, dissolved, and refocused in the ethics expertise debate
Authors: Brummett Abram 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSince the inception of bioethics, some theorists have denied that clinical ethicists have ethics expertise, understood as the ability to give justified moral recommendations in patient cases. These denials have caused considerable alarm, leading some to argue that the entire discipline needs to be fundamentally reconsidered. Although this debate has been a source of academic attention for decades, these challenges to ethics expertise can now be either resolved by showing they are based on an untenable view of moral justification or dissolved by showing they result from a rash of equivocations on key phrases such as what it means to give a “moral recommendation,” or “furnish answers” in an ethics consultation. Like the blind men and the elephant, what sounds like disagreement may only be theorists describing different aspects of the same facilitation approach to clinical ethics endorsed by the American Society for Bioethics and Humanities. While the question of whether ethicists have ethics expertise can be resolved or dissolved, theorists should refocus on how much (content‐thick vs. content‐thin) expertise ethicists have. Here, theorists need not commit themselves to a general view but can be content‐thick on some issues and content‐thin on others.
Tectonic evolution and subsidence history of the Cretaceous basins in southern Egypt: The Komombo Basin
Authors: Ali Moamen , Ali Mohammed Y. , Abdelhady Ahmed , Fairhead James Derek 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe structure and tectonic evolution of the Cretaceous rift basins of southern Egypt are poorly understood. In this study, the tectonostratigraphy of the Komombo Basin has been determined using seismic, well and biostratigraphic data. The tectonostratigraphy of the basin is compared to the Kharit, Nuqra and Beni Suef basins in Egypt as well as Muglad Basin in Sudan. The Komombo Basin is a 58 km long, 28 km wide NW–SE trending half‐graben infilled with 2200 m of Berriasian‐Maastrichtian sediments and overlain by 400 m of Pliocene sediments. Four Berriasian to Maastrichtian syn‐rift and post‐rift sequences and three Pliocene channel systems of Nile sediments have been identified. Moreover, a series of normal faults, negative flower structures, reverse faults and folds are mapped in the basin. Backstripping reveals two rift phases during the Berriasian‐Barremian and Turonian‐Santonian, respectively. Additionally, the tectonic subsidence curves indicate that two major unconformities have occurred during the Aptian‐Albian and Maastrichtian‐Pliocene, which are correlated with a basement uplift during the Albian‐Cenomanian and the Oligocene‐Miocene flank uplift related to the opening of the Red Sea, respectively. The rift episodes are attributed to far‐field stress changes resulting from the initial opening of the South Atlantic and followed by the NW part of the African plate colliding and anticlockwise rotating into Europe. The highest β factors (1.20–1.11) for both rift phases are found at the centre of the basin. The rift phases thinned the crust from 32.5 to 28.2 km and 31.9 km in the depocenter and the western flank of the basin. The Komombo Basin has a similar rift history, stratigraphy and structural style to the Kharit, Nuqra and Mugland basins. All of these basins witnessed two major rift phases in the Early and Late Cretaceous, whereas the Beni Suef Basin encountered strike‐slip tectonic events in the Late Cretaceous.
Cluster analysis of nasal cytokines during rhinovirus infection identifies different immunophenotypes in both children and adults with allergic asthma
Authors: Muehling Lyndsey M. , Heymann Peter W. , Carper Holliday , Murphy Deborah D. , Rajadhyaksha Evan , Kennedy Joshua , Early Stephen V. , Soto‐Quiros Manuel , Avila Lydiana , Workman Lisa , Platts‐Mills Thomas A. E. , Woodfolk Judith A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundInfection with rhinovirus (RV) is a major risk factor for disease exacerbations in patients with allergic asthma. This study analysed a broad set of cytokines in the noses of children and adults with asthma during RV infection in order to identify immunophenotypes that may link to virus‐induced episodes.MethodsNasal wash specimens were analysed in children (n = 279 [healthy, n = 125; stable asthma, n = 64; wheeze, n = 90], ages 2–12) who presented to a hospital emergency department, and in adults (n = 44 [healthy, n = 13; asthma, n = 31], ages 18–38) who were experimentally infected with RV, including a subset who received anti‐IgE. Cytokines were measured by multiplex bead assay and data analysed by univariate and multivariate methods to test relationships to viral load, allergic status, airway inflammation, and clinical outcomes.ResultsAnalysis of a core set of 7 cytokines (IL‐6, CXCL8/IL‐8, IL‐15, EGF, G‐CSF, CXCL10/IP‐10 and CCL22/MDC) revealed higher levels in children with acute wheeze versus those with stable asthma or controls. Multivariate analysis identified two clusters that were enriched for acutely wheezing children; one displaying high viral load (“RV‐high”) with robust secretion of CXCL10, and the other displaying high IgE with elevated EGF, CXCL8 and both eosinophil‐ and neutrophil‐derived mediators. Broader assessment of 39 cytokines confirmed that children with acute wheeze were not deficient in type 1 anti‐viral responses. Analysis of 18 nasal cytokines in adults with asthma who received RV challenge identified two clusters; one that was “RV‐high” and linked to robust induction of anti‐viral cytokines and anti‐IgE; and the other associated with more severe symptoms and a higher inflammatory state featuring eosinophil and neutrophil factors.ConclusionsThe results confirm the presence of different immunophenotypes linked to parameters of airway disease in both children and adults with asthma who are infected with RV. Such discrepancies may reflect the ability to regulate anti‐viral responses.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics profiles of enteric‐coated mycophenolate sodium in female patients with difficult‐to‐treat lupus nephritis
Authors: Chariyavilaskul Pajaree , Phaisal Weeraya , Kittanamongkolchai Wonngarm , Rukrung Chutima , Anutrakulchai Sirirat , Avihingsanon Yingyos 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRelapsed or resistant lupus nephritis (LN) is considered a difficult‐to‐treat type of LN, and enteric‐coated mycophenolate sodium (EC‐MPS) has been used in this condition. Therapeutic drug monitoring using the area under the plasma mycophenolic acid concentration from 0 to 12 h postdose (MPA‐AUC0–12h) ≥45 μg.h/ml is a useful approach to achieve the highest efficiency. This study assessed EC‐MPS’s pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles and investigated an optimal level of the single time point of plasma MPA concentration. Nineteen biopsy‐proven patients with class III/IV LN received 1440 mg/day of EC‐MPS for 24 weeks. PK (maximum plasma MPA concentration [Cmax], time to Cmax, and MPA‐AUC0–12h) and PD (activity of inosine‐5′‐monophosphate dehydrogenase [IMPDH]) parameters were measured at weeks 2, 8, 16, and 24. We found that IMPDH activity decreased from baseline by 31–42% within 2–4 h after dosing, coinciding with the increased plasma MPA concentration. MPA‐AUC0–12h ≥45 μg.h/ml was best predicted by a single time point MPA concentration at C0.5, C2, C3, C4, and C8 (r2 = 0.516, 0.514, 0.540, 0.611, and 0.719, respectively), independent of dose, albumin, urine protein/creatinine ratio, and urinalysis. The MPA‐C0.5 cutoff of 2.03 g/ml yielded the highest overall sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 88.2% in predicting MPA‐AUC0–12h ≥45 μg.h/ml. A single timepoint of plasma MPA‐C0.5 ≥2.03 μg/ml may help guide EC‐MPS adjustment to achieve adequate drug exposure. Further study of EC‐MPS used to validate this cutoff is warranted.
1023 HAEMANTHUS HUMANII: Amaryllidaceae
Authors: Duncan Graham , Joubert Elbe 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThe new species, Haemanthus humanii G.D.Duncan, is described. This extraordinary, winter‐growing, summer‐flowering dwarf geophyte is endemic to flats and undulating plains in the southern Namaqualand region of the Western Cape, South Africa. Details of its history, taxonomy, habitat and cultivation are given.
The effects of catheter ablation of outflow tract premature ventricular complexes on atrial electromechanical delay
Authors: Çakır Hakan , Kanat Selçuk , Karagöz Ali , Tütüncü Ahmet , Yılmaz Fatih , Öcal Lütfi , Toprak Cüneyt , Emiroğlu Mehmet Yunus , Demir Mehmet , Kaymaz Cihangir , Tenekecioğlu Erhan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundConsistent data from several studies have shown that catheter ablation of frequent premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) results in substantial improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular diastolic function, and left atrial volume and mechanics. However, the effects of catheter ablation of PVCs on atrial electromechanical properties have not been documented yet.AimsIn the present study, we investigated the short‐term effects of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of outflow tract PVCs on atrial electromechanical delay (EMD).MethodsA total of 71 subjects with idiopathic outflow tract PVCs who underwent RFCA were included. Interatrial and intra‐atrial EMDs were measured by tissue Doppler imaging before and 3 months after catheter ablation.ResultsThe study population was divided into normal ejection fraction (EF) and low‐EF subgroups according to their LVEF. In all study groups, substantial improvement was found in lateral electromechanical coupling time (PA), septal PA, right ventricular PA, interatrial EMD, left‐sided intra‐atrial EMD, and right‐sided intra‐atrial EMD. No treatment heterogeneity was observed when comparing low‐EF and normal‐EF subgroups with respect to atrial EMDs (interatrial EMD, interaction p = .29; left‐sided intra‐atrial EMD, interaction p = .13; right‐sided intra‐atrial EMD, interaction p = .88).ConclusionRFCA of outflow tract PVC has a favorable early effect on intra‐ and inter‐atrial EMDs irrespective of preprocedural LVEF.
Survey of the knowledge and perceptions of horse owners in Ireland of common clinical conditions and their impact
Authors: Golding Emma , Neavyn Neita Aoife , Walshe Nicola , Hanlon Alison , Mulcahy Grace , Duggan Vivienne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs the primary decision‐maker for their horse's health and welfare, owners' knowledge of clinical conditions may impact their horse's health. Anecdotal evidence suggests that the emotional impact of equine illness on the owner can be severe but research is lacking.ObjectivesTo evaluate horse owners' self‐declared knowledge of eight common equine health conditions and perceptions of the quality of information available; to ascertain respondents' perceptions of the severity of impact on their horse of the conditions and potential emotional impact on themselves and to establish the factors of greatest concern to owners when their horse has a health condition and influential factors on end‐of‐life decisions.Study designOnline survey of horse owners.MethodsAn online survey comprising three sections was created: respondent demographics; vignettes of clinical conditions; concerns and decision‐making regarding illness and euthanasia. Vignettes focused on arthritis; Pars Pituitary Intermedia Dysfunction; Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS); gastric ulcers; high intestinal worm burden; dermatophilosis (‘mud rash’); quidding and head tossing; and equine asthma. Respondents were self‐selecting. The survey was circulated for completion by horse owners residing in Ireland and Northern Ireland obtaining 491 valid responses.ResultsRespondents declared that they had the highest knowledge of mud rash, with 84.1% rating their knowledge as very good compared to 42% of respondents for EMS. There was positive correlation between the perceived impact on their horse and emotional impact on the owner for all conditions ranging from weak (arthritis 0.36, P < 0.001) to strong (EMS 0.62, P < 0.001). Pain, discomfort, and quality of life were reported as the most common concerns when their horse has a medical condition or when considering euthanasia.Main limitationsPotential bias among respondents towards computer literate owners, with good literacy and interest in equine health conditions.ConclusionsKnowledge of equine health conditions, perceived impact of conditions on the horse and emotional impact on their owners varied significantly between conditions.
Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis: Investigating individual incisor disease patterns using radiological classification
Authors: Rehrl Sabine , Schulte Wiebke , Staszyk Carsten , Lischer Christoph 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundEquine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH) is a destructive, painful and underdiagnosed dental disorder. Radiography is necessary to fully assess the disease as early stages occur on clinically normal teeth.ObjectivesTo investigate the distribution pattern of appearance of EOTRH within the incisor arcade. In particular, we aimed to determine the influence of tooth position and horse age on the severity of EOTRH as well as on the frequency of the individual severity stages.Study designRetrospective cross‐sectional radiographic case study.MethodsDigital radiographs of 142 horses (10 years and older) presented for routine dental examination at our Equine Hospital were obtained and evaluated for changes related to EOTRH. Radiological findings were classified in terms of EOTRH severity, and each tooth was evaluated individually (tooth stage).ResultsThe tooth stages of EOTRH showed a bilateral symmetrical distribution pattern over the entire incisor arcade. There was a significant positive correlation between age and tooth stages (p < 0.001, rho = 0.48, 95% CI 0.43–0.51), and the frequency of higher tooth stages increased from central incisors to middle and corner incisors.Main limitationsIndividual head anatomy in some male horses lead to superimposition of the lower jaw corner incisors and canine teeth. The radiographic technique proved difficult in smaller and uncooperative horses. Differentiating between mild pathological signs of EOTRH and age‐related radiological changes was not possible in all cases.ConclusionThese results reconfirm an age‐correlated progression of EOTRH. EOTRH affects the incisor arcade in a bilaterally symmetrical pattern with the corner incisors being the most severely affected.
RETRACTED: Supply chain operation evaluation and management decision by fuzzy cognitive map model
Authors: Zheng Puyang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe components of the logistics and supply chain are analysed to meet the needs of supply chain management and decision support, aiming at the complexity and uncertainty of the supply chain system. First, the characteristics of logistics demand and logistics service types of some enterprises are analysed. The factors affecting supplier selection are obtained through the questionnaire survey of some enterprises. Second, the mutual feedback relationship between the influencing factors of logistics service demand is analysed, and a fuzzy cognitive graph model of the selection process of enterprise logistics service providers is established. Finally, the fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) model is used to conduct an empirical study on the choice of logistics service providers. The results show that the ranking results of the three candidate logistics service companies based on FCM are WL1 (0.7233) > WL3 (0.6823) > WL2 (0.6764). When each node of the concept does not affect each other, the ranking result of the three candidate logistics service companies based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is WL1 (0.7265) > WL2 (0.6949) > WL3 (0.6920). The final evaluation result will be affected by the mutual influence relationship between the concept nodes. Overall, the lowest evaluation score is WL2, and the highest is WL1. The most suitable logistics service provider for the enterprise is WL1. The FCM model selected by the manufacturing enterprise logistics service provider is reasonable and feasible. The mutual feedback between evaluation factors affects the selection of logistics service providers in a company. The FCM can get a more accurate evaluation weight value and can realize the optimal choice of logistics suppliers. It provides reference and decision support for other enterprises.
Training of interventionists and cultural adaptation procedures: A systematic review of culturally adapted evidence‐based parenting programs in Africa
Authors: Asiimwe Ronald , Dwanyen Lekie , Subramaniam Saila , Kasujja Rosco , Blow Adrian J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThere has been an increase in the implementation of evidence‐based parenting programs from high‐income countries to several African countries. In this review, we systematically evaluated intervention studies of culturally adapted parenting programs in nine African countries with the objective of examining the quality of training for interventionists and cultural adaptation procedures. A total of 18 studies, obtained from an electronic search of 6 databases, met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated following PRISMA guidelines. The Ecological Validity Model was adopted to organize data on cultural adaptation procedures. Sixteen of the 18 studies reported information regarding the clinical training of interventionists and the cultural adaptations undertaken. Live and interactive workshops were the most common format used to train interventionists in the focal intervention. Overall, cultural adaptations in most studies included translation of intervention protocols into the local language. However, studies varied in the way cultural adaptation procedures were reported with some studies failing to report on cultural adaptation procedures. Concurring with previous literature, attending to issues of culture, power, privilege, access, sustainability, and other relevant concepts to increase the cultural relevance is highly encouraged in parent intervention studies in Africa. This review provides a baseline upon which future training and adaptation procedures can be built.
A history of Greek inland fishery development during 1928–2019
Authors: Moutopoulos Dimitrios K. , Koutsikos Nicholas , Vardakas Leonidas , Perdikaris Costas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA few studies have used historical inland fisheries data for defining reference points necessary for fisheries management. We developed a historical baseline of catches for inland fisheries of Greece during 1928–2019, with the interwar period (1928–1939), a period of intense political and socio‐economic turmoil, serving as a pre‐development reference period. The main harvested species were cyprinids, represented predominantly by Cyprinus carpio and Rutilus rutilus. Species that are currently threatened (i.e., Rutilus ylikiensis/Rutilus panosi and Alosa macedonica) or even possibly extinct (Pelasgus epiroticus) were vital food sources for local populations. Inland catches during the interwar period (1928–1939) were more than double than during 2000–2019, even though the former period can be described as early‐fishery. Such historical data are of high importance because many inland ecosystems were lost during the last century, and thus can be viewed as reference points for future inland fisheries and ecosystem management.
Comparison of modified CEUS LI‐RADS with sonazoid and CT/MRI LI‐RADS for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sugimoto Katsutoshi , Saito Kazuhiro , Shirota Natsuhiko , Kamiyama Naohisa , Sakamaki Kentaro , Takahashi Hiroshi , Wada Takuya , Kakegawa Tatsuya , Tomita Yusuke , Abe Masakazu , Yoshimasu Yu , Takeuchi Hirohito , Itoi Takao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimTo compare the diagnostic performance based on the modified CEUS Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS), which includes Kupffer‐phase findings as a major imaging feature, with that of CT and MRI (CT/MRI) LI‐RADS for liver nodules in patients at high risk of HCC.MethodsA total of 120 patients with 120 nodules were included in this retrospective study. The median size of the lesions was 20.0 mm (interquartile range, 14.0–30.8 mm). Of these lesions, 90.0% (108 of 120) were confirmed as HCCs, 6.7% (8 of 120) were intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, 1.7% (2 of 120) were metastases, and 1.7% (2 of 120) were dysplastic nodules. All nodules were diagnosed histopathologically. Each nodule was categorized according to the modified CEUS LI‐RADS and CT/MRI LI‐RADS version 2018. The diagnostic performance and inter‐modality agreement of each criterion was compared.ResultsThe inter‐modality agreement for the modified CEUS LI‐RADS and CT/MRI LI‐RADS was slight agreement (kappa = 0.139, p = 0.015). The diagnostic accuracies of HCCs for the modified CEUS LR‐5 and CT/MRI LR‐5 were 70.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 61.0%, 78.0%) versus 70.8% (95% CI: 61.8%, 78.8%) (p = 0.876), respectively. The diagnostic accuracies of non‐HCC malignancies for the modified CEUS LR‐M and CT/MRI LR‐M were 84.2% (95% CI: 76.4%, 90.2%) versus 96.7% (95% CI: 91.7%, 99.1%) (p = 0.002), respectively.ConclusionsThe diagnostic performance for HCCs on the modified CEUS LR‐5 and CT/MRI LR‐5 are comparable. In contrast, CT/MRI LR‐M has better diagnostic performance for non‐HCC malignancy than that of the modified CEUS LR‐M.
Belief aggregation for representative agent models
Authors: Zimper Alexander 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRepresentative agent models pin down equilibrium asset prices of an underlying heterogeneous agents economy through the utility maximization problem of a representative agent evaluated at aggregate endowment levels. This paper considers a complete markets asset exchange economy in which all economic agents are expected utility maximizers who share the same risk preferences but may have heterogeneous endowments and beliefs. For arbitrary well‐behaved Bernoulli utility functions we derive belief aggregation formulas that characterize the beliefs of an expected utility maximizing representative agent.