bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of γ‐aminobutyric acidergic synapse-associated signature for lower-grade gliomas
Authors: Jiang Hongxiang , Sun Zhiqiang , Li Fei , Chen Qianxue 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundSynapse-associated proteins (SAPs) play important roles in central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Recent studies have reported that γ-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) synapses also play critical roles in the development of gliomas. However, biomarkers of GABAergic synapses in low-grade gliomas (LGGs) have not yet been reported.MethodsmRNA data from normal brain tissue and gliomas were obtained from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, respectively. A validation dataset was also obtained from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database. The expression patterns of GABAergic synapse-related genes (GSRGs) were evaluated with difference analysis in LGGs. Then, a GABAergic synapse-related risk signature (GSRS) was constructed with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis. According to the expression value and coefficients of identified GSRGs, the risk scores of all LGG samples were calculated. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to evaluate related risk scores for prognostic ability. Correlations between characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and risk scores were explored with single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and immunity profiles in LGGs. The GSRS-related pathways were investigated by gene set variation analysis (GSVA). Real-time PCR and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database were applied to explore related expression of hub genes selected in the GSRS.ResultsCompared with normal brain samples, 25 genes of 31 GSRGs were differentially expressed in LGG samples. A constructed five-gene GSRS was related to clinicopathological features and prognosis of LGGs by the LASSO algorithm. It was shown that the risk score level was positively related to the infiltrating level of native CD4 T cells and activated dendritic cells. GSVA identified several cancer-related pathways associated with the GSRS, such as P53 pathways and the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Additionally, CA2, PTEN, OXTR, and SLC6A1 (hub genes identified in the GSRS) were regarded as the potential predictors in LGGs.ConclusionA new five-gene GSRS was identified and verified by bioinformatics methods. The GSRS provides a new perspective in LGG that may contribute to more accurate prediction of prognosis of LGGs.
Instruments to evaluate non-technical skills during high fidelity simulation: A systematic review
Authors: Gawronski Orsola , Thekkan Kiara R. , Genna Catia , Egman Sabrina , Sansone Vincenza , Erba Ilaria , Vittori Alessandro , Varano Carmelita , Dall’Oglio Immacolata , Tiozzo Emanuela , Chiusolo Fabrizio 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionHigh Fidelity Simulations (HFS) are increasingly used to develop Non-Technical Skills (NTS) in healthcare providers, medical and nursing students. Instruments to measure NTS are needed to evaluate the healthcare providers’ (HCPs) performance during HFS. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the domains, items, characteristics and psychometric properties of instruments devised to evaluate the NTS of HCPs during HFS.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Studies were retrieved from PubMed, Cinahl, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ProQuest and PubPsych. Studies evaluating the measurement properties of instruments used to assess NTS during HFS training were included. Pairs of independent reviewers determined the eligibility, extracted and evaluated the data. Risk of bias and appraisal of the methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist, and the quality of the evidence with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).ResultsA total of 3,953 articles were screened. A total of 110 reports were assessed for eligibility and 26 studies were included. Studies were conducted in Europe/United Kingdom (n = 13; 50%), North America/Australia (n = 12; 46%) and Thailand (n = 1; 4%). The NTS instruments reported in this review included from 1 to 14 domains (median of 4, Q1 = 3.75, Q3 = 5) and from 3 to 63 items (median of 15, Q1 = 10, Q3 = 19.75). Out of 19 NTS assessment instruments for HFS, the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) can be recommended for use to assess NTS. All the other instruments require further research to assess their quality in order to be recommended for use during HFS training. Eight NTS instruments had a positive overall rating of their content validity with at least a moderate quality of evidence.ConclusionAmong a large variety of published instruments, TEAM can be recommended for use to assess NTS during HFS. Evidence is still limited on essential aspects of validity and reliability of all the other NTS instruments included in this review. Further research is warranted to establish their performance in order to be reliably used for HFS.
An MRI-based joint model of radiomics and spatial distribution differentiates autoimmune encephalitis from low-grade diffuse astrocytoma
Authors: Piao Sirong , Luo Xiao , Bao Yifang , Hu Bin , Liu Xueling , Zhu Yuqi , Yang Liqin , Geng Daoying , Li Yuxin 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe differential diagnosis between autoimmune encephalitis and low-grade diffuse astrocytoma remains challenging. We aim to develop a quantitative model integrating radiomics and spatial distribution features derived from MRI for discriminating these two conditions.MethodsIn our study, we included 188 patients with confirmed autoimmune encephalitis (n = 81) and WHO grade II diffuse astrocytoma (n = 107). Patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE, n = 59) and WHO grade II diffuse astrocytoma (AS, n = 79) were divided into training and test sets, using stratified sampling according to MRI scanners. We further included an independent validation set (22 patients with AE and 28 patients with AS). Hyperintensity fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) lesions were segmented for each subject. Ten radiomics and eight spatial distribution features were selected via the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and joint models were constructed by logistic regression for disease classification. Model performance was measured in the test set using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). The discrimination performance of the joint model was compared with neuroradiologists.ResultsThe joint model achieved better performance (AUC 0.957/0.908, accuracy 0.914/0.840 for test and independent validation sets, respectively) than the radiomics and spatial distribution models. The joint model achieved lower performance than a senior neuroradiologist (AUC 0.917/0.875) but higher performance than a junior neuroradiologist (AUC 0.692/0.745) in the test and independent validation sets.ConclusionThe joint model of radiomics and spatial distribution from a single FLAIR could effectively classify AE and AS, providing clinical decision support for the differential diagnosis between the two conditions.
The circadian system modulates the cortisol awakening response in humans
Authors: Bowles Nicole P. , Thosar Saurabh S. , Butler Matthew P. , Clemons Noal A. , Robinson LaTroy D. , Ordaz Omar H. , Herzig Maya X. , McHill Andrew W. , Rice Sean P. M. , Emens Jonathan , Shea Steven A. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundIn humans, circulating cortisol usually peaks 30–60 min after awakening from nocturnal sleep, this is commonly referred to as the cortisol awakening response (CAR). We examined the extent to which the CAR is influenced by the circadian system, independent of behaviors including sleep.Materials and methodsWe examined the CAR in 34 adults (20 female) using two complementary multiday in-laboratory circadian protocols performed in dim light, throughout which behavioral factors were uniformly distributed across the 24-hour circadian cycle. Protocol 1 consisted of 10 identical consecutive 5-hour 20-minute sleep/wake cycles, and protocol 2 consisted of 5 identical consecutive 18-hour sleep/wake cycles. Salivary melatonin was used as the circadian phase marker (0° = dim light melatonin onset). During each sleep/wake cycle, salivary cortisol was measured upon scheduled awakening and 50-minutes later, with the change in cortisol defined as the CAR. Cosinor analyses were used to detect any significant circadian rhythmicity in the CAR. In secondary analyses, we adjusted the models for time awake before lights on, total sleep time, percent of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and percent of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep.ResultsBoth protocols revealed a similar circadian rhythm in the CAR, with peaks occurring at a circadian phase corresponding to 3:40–3:45 a.m., with no detectable CAR during the circadian phases corresponding to the afternoon. In addition to the sinusoidal component of the circadian rhythm, total sleep time was also associated with the CAR for protocol 1. The percent of sleep spent in REM or NREM sleep were not associated with the CAR in either protocol.ConclusionOur results show that the CAR exhibits a robust circadian rhythm that persists even after adjusting for prior sleep. Presuming that the CAR optimizes physiological responses to the anticipated stressors related to awakening, these findings may have implications for shift workers who wake up at unusual circadian phases. A blunted CAR in shift workers upon awakening in the evening may result in diminished responses to stressors.
Association between the ratio of serum eicosapentaenoic acid to arachidonic acid and risk of coronary artery disease in young Chinese patients
Authors: Liu Xiong , Sun Lichang , Wen Weixing , Qiu Min , Luo Jianjing , Li Weiwen , Hao Shali , He Mingli , Wu Jiandi , Hu Yunzhao , Huang Yuli 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveLong-chain (LC) omega-3 PUFAs, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), may play an anti-inflammatory effect and decrease the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). In contrast, omega-6 PUFA, mainly arachidonic acid (AA), has pro-inflammatory and pro-aggregatory effects, which may increase the risk of CAD. This study evaluated the associations between EPA, DHA, AA, and their ratios (EPA/AA and DHA/AA) with the risk of CAD in young Chinese patients.MethodsA total of 182 young patients with CAD and 143 age-matched controls were included. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were recorded. Serum EPA, DHA and AA were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.ResultsThe level of AA was significantly higher, while the level of EPA was lower in the CAD group than that in the control group. There was no significant difference in DHA level in the two groups. Both the ratios of EPA/AA and DHA/AA were lower in the CAD group than that in the control. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher serum AA level was associated with the increased risk of CAD, while EPA was a protective factor for CAD. There was no significant association between DHA level and the risk of CAD. Although both higher ratios of EPA/AA [per tertile increment, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) (OR) 0.356, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.247–0.513] and DHA/AA (adjusted OR = 0.465, 95%CI = 0.332–0.653) were associated with a lower risk of CAD in young patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that compared with AA, the diagnostic value was increased in EPA/AA, but not in DHA/AA.ConclusionEPA, but not DHA may play a protective role in CAD, while AA may be associated with the increased risk of CAD in young Chinese patients. The ratio of EPA/AA can increase the predictive value for diagnosing CAD than EPA or AA alone.
Socioeconomic differences in animal food consumption: Education rather than income makes a difference
Authors: Klink Urte , Mata Jutta , Frank Roland , Schüz Benjamin 
Published: November 2022

Background/aimsEvidence points toward more sustainable and health-conscious dietary behaviors among individuals with higher socioeconomic status. However, these differences vary considerably depending on which indicator of socioeconomic status is examined. Here, we present a systematic parallel investigation of multiple indicators of socioeconomic status as predictors of animal food consumption frequency and selected food-related behaviors in Germany.MethodsData from the German subsample of two large representative European consumer studies (Study 1 n = 1,954; Study 2 n = 2,045) was used. We assessed the associations between the socioeconomic indicators income, current occupation as well as education and consumption frequency of animal foods and selected food-related behaviors in separate ordinal logistic regressions.ResultsIndividuals with higher educational attainment engaged in more sustainable and health-conscious dietary behaviors, indicated by significant associations between educational attainment and the consumption frequency of animal foods. Low- and middle-income participants consumed processed meat more frequently (Study 1 only; medium income: OR 1.5, CI 1.09–2.05, p = 0.012; low income: OR 1.43, CI 1.01–2.05, p = 0.047) and fish less frequently (Study 2 only; medium income: OR 0.76, CI 0.59–0.97, p = 0.026; low income: OR 0.061, CI 0.46–0.82, p &lt; 0.001) than participants with high income. Current occupation did not predict the consumption of animal foods or food-related behaviors. Intake frequency of animal-based foods indicates that most participants exceeded national dietary recommendations for meat and processed meat and remained below recommendations for fish and dairy/eggs intake.ConclusionEducational attainment appears to be the strongest and most consistent socioeconomic indicator of sustainable dietary choices in Germany based on current large, representative studies. Future efforts should be directed toward education interventions about nutrition and interpretation of food labels to compensate for differences in dietary behavior among groups with different levels of education.
Feasibility and basic acoustic characteristics of intelligent long-term bowel sound analysis in term neonates
Authors: Zhou Ping , Lu Meiling , Chen Ping , Wang Danlei , Jin Zhenchao , Zhang Lian 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveBowel dysfunction continues to be a serious issue in neonates. Traditional auscultation of bowel sounds as a diagnostic tool in neonatal gastrointestinal problems is limited by skill and inability to document and reassess. Consequently, in order to objectively and noninvasively examine the viability of continuous assessment of bowel sounds, we utilized an acoustic recording and analysis system to capture bowel sounds and extract acoustic features in term neonates.MethodsFrom May 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020, 82 neonates who were hospitalized because of hyperbilirubinemia were included. For 20 h, a convolutional neural network-based acoustic recorder that offers real-time, wireless, continuous auscultation was employed to track the bowel sounds of these neonates.Results(1) Usable data on five acoustic parameters of bowel sound was recorded for 68 neonates, and the median values were as follows: The rate was 25.80 times/min [interquartile range (IQR): 15.63–36.20]; the duration was 8.00 s/min (IQR: 4.2–13.20); the amplitude was 0.46 (IQR: 0.27–0.68); the frequency was 944.05 Hz (IQR: 848.78–1,034.90); and the interval time was 2.12 s (IQR: 1.3–3.5). (2) In comparison to the parameters of the bowel sounds recorded from the right lower abdomen in 68 infants, the acoustic parameters of the 10 out of 68 infants from chest controls and blank controls were considerably different. (3) The 50%–75% breast milk intake group had the highest rate, the longest duration, and the highest amplitude of bowel sounds, while the &gt;75% breast milk intake group had the highest frequency of bowel sounds. (4) Compared with neonates without hyperbilirubinemia, there was no significant difference in the five parameters of bowel sounds in hyperbilirubinemia infants; nor was there a significant effect of phototherapy and non-phototherapy status on the parameters of bowel sounds during bowel sound monitoring in hyperbilirubinemia patients. (5) A mild transient skin rash appeared on the skin of three infants. No other adverse events occurred.ConclusionThe acoustic recording and analysis system appears useful for monitoring bowel sounds using a continuous, invasive, and real-time approach. Neonatal bowel sounds are affected by various feeding types rather than hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy. Potential influencing factors and the significance of their application in neonatal intestinal-related disorders require further research.
Mechanical ventilation characteristics and their prediction performance for the risk of moderate and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in infants with gestational age <30 weeks and birth weight <1,500 g
Authors: Yin Jing , Liu Linjie , Li Huimin , Hou Xuewen , Chen Jingjing , Han Shuping , Chen Xiaohui 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionModerate and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common pulmonary complication in premature infants, which seriously affects their survival rate and quality of life. This study aimed to describe the mechanical ventilation characteristics and evaluate their prediction performance for the risk of moderate and severe BPD in infants with gestational age &lt;30 weeks and birth weight &lt;1,500 g on postnatal Day 14.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, 412 infants with gestational age &lt;30 weeks and birth weight &lt;1,500 g were included in the analysis, including 104 infants with moderate and severe BPD and 308 infants without moderate and severe BPD (as controls). LASSO regression was used to optimize variable selection, and Logistic regression was applied to build a predictive model. Nomograms were developed visually using the selected variables. To validate the model, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration plot, and clinical impact curve were used.ResultsFrom the original 28 variables studied, six predictors, namely birth weight, 5 min apgar score, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (≥Class II), neonatal pneumonia, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and maximum of FiO2 (fraction of inspiration O2) were identified by LASSO regression analysis. The model constructed using these six predictors and a proven risk factor (gestational age) displayed good prediction performance for moderate and severe BPD, with an area under the ROC of 0.917 (sensitivity = 0.897, specificity = 0.797) in the training set and 0.931 (sensitivity = 0.885, specificity = 0.844) in the validation set, and was well calibrated (PHosmer-Lemeshow test = 0.727 and 0.809 for the training and validation set, respectively).ConclusionThe model included gestational age, birth weight, 5 min apgar score, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (≥Class II), neonatal pneumonia, duration of IMV and maximum of FiO2 had good prediction performance for predicting moderate and severe BPD in infants with gestational age &lt;30 weeks and birth weight &lt;1,500 g on postnatal Day 14.
Early prelingual auditory and language development in children with simultaneous bilateral and unilateral cochlear implants
Authors: Yin Xiaoling , Gu Hailing , Kong Weili , Li Gang , Zheng Yun 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis current study aimed to explore early prelingual auditory development (EPLAD) and early language development in Mandarin-speaking children who received simultaneous bilateral cochlear implants (BICI) during the first year of cochlear implantation and compare the performance of the children who received BICI with those received unilateral cochlear implant (UCI).Methods39 Mandarin-speaking children who received BICIs simultaneously and 36 children with UCIs were enrolled in this study. To access the EPLAD, the Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT/MAIS) was conducted, and a subtest of the simplified short-form version of the Mandarin Communicative Development Inventory (SSF-MCDI) was used to evaluate the development of expressive and receptive vocabulary for the children at indicated time points after surgery.ResultsIn both the simultaneous BICI and UCI groups, we observed significantly increased scores of the SSF-MCDI and IT/MAIS 1 year after the surgery. There are indications of early advantages in children with BICI in IT/MAIS scores (at 1, 3, and 6 months after activation). For early development of language, a great difference between the expressive vocabulary scores and the receptive vocabulary scores was observed in both groups. We found there were not significant differences between the two groups on expressive or receptive vocabulary scores, the use of more differentiated measures might be required in future research. We further found that the development of the receptive or expressive vocabulary is dramatically correlated with the age at implantation and the total scores of IT/MAIS for children with simultaneous BICIs.ConclusionThese results may supplement the skills development of early language and auditory in Mandarin-native children with simultaneous CIs. It is obvious that children with normal hearing have mastery of receptive vocabulary before that of expressive vocabulary, which is the same as children with unilateral and bilateral CIs in this research. IT/MAIS total scores and age at CI were important factors for early language performance in children with simultaneous BICIs.
Supplementation with Tex261 provides a possible preventive treatment for hypoxic pulmonary artery hypertension
Authors: Chen Shaokun , Wei Xiaozhen , Zhang Xu , Yao Mengge , Qiu Zhihuang , Chen Liangwan , Zhang Li 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a serious disease for which there is no effective treatment. Its pathogenesis is complex and has not yet been clarified. Tex261 is a protein-coding gene whose functional enrichment nodes include the transporter activity of COP II. However, the role of Tex261 in PAH remains unknown.Methods: Sugen5416/Hypoxic PAH models were established, and pulmonary arteries (PAs) were isolated for proteomic sequencing. The binding sites between Hif-1α and Tex261 were verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Cell proliferation was detected by MTS and EdU assays. For determination of the preventive and therapeutic effects of Tex261, intratracheal instillation of adeno-associated virus (AVV6) with Tex261 vectors was performed.Results: Tex261 was screened according to the proteomic sequencing data. Hif-1α inhibited Tex261 promoter activity under hypoxia. Decreased Tex261 expression promoted PASMC proliferation. Tex261 regulated Sec23 via the Ndrg1-mediated Akt pathway. Tex261 overexpression improved the pressure and vessel remodeling of PAs induced by Sugen5416/hypoxia.Conclusion: Hypoxia suppressed Tex261 expression through Hif-1α activation. The decreased Tex261 could promote Ndrg1 and depress Akt activity and then inhibit Sec23 activity, which leads to cell proliferation and vessel remodeling. Elevated Tex261 has some preventive and therapeutic effects on rats with PAH.