bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vein of Marshall ethanol infusion: First‐step or adjunctive choice for perimitral atrial tachycardia?
Authors: Gao Ming‐Yang , Sang Cai‐Hua , Huang Li‐Hong , Lai Yi‐Wei , Guo Qi , Liu Xiao‐Xia , Zuo Song , Li Chang‐Yi , Wang Wei , Guo Xue‐Yuan , Zhao Xin , Li Song‐Nan , Jiang Chen‐Xi , Liu Nian , Tang Ri‐Bo , Du Xin , Long De‐Yong , Dong Jian‐Zeng , Ma Chang‐Sheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPerimitral atrial tachycardia (PMAT) is the most frequent type of iatrogenic atrial tachycardia (AT) after atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. Vein of Marshall ethanol infusion (EIVOM) is a promising technique in mitral isthmus (MI) ablation.MethodsA total of 165 patients with PMAT were divided into three groups according to ablation strategies, including RF only group (n = 89), RF‐EIVOM group (initial RF ablation with adjunctive EIVOM, n = 28), and EIVOM‐RF group (first‐step EIVOM with touch‐up RF ablation, n = 48). Acute and follow‐up procedure outcomes were evaluated.ResultsPMAT terminated in 89.9%, 89.3%, and 93.7% of patients in RF only, RF‐EIVOM and EIVOM‐RF groups, respectively (p = .715), with complete MI block achieved in 80.9%, 89.3%, and 95.8% of patients (EIVOM‐RF vs. RF only, p = .012). First‐step utilization of EIVOM was associated with a significant shortening of RF ablation time at MI (EIVOM‐RF 2.1 ± 1.3 min, RF only 7.9 ± 5.9 min, RF‐EIVOM 6.8 ± 5.8 min; p < .001) and a decrease in the proportion of patients need ablation within coronary sinus (CS, EIVOM‐RF 14.6%, RF only 61.8%, RF‐EIVOM 64.3%; p < .001). After a mean follow‐up of 12.1 ± 6.2 months, AF/AT recurred in 39 (43.8%), 6 (21.4%), and 12 (25.0%) patients in RF only, RF‐EIVOM, and EIVOM‐RF group (RF‐EIVOM vs. RF only, p = .026; EIVOM‐RF vs. RF only, p = .022).ConclusionsEIVOM was associated with an enhanced acute MI block rate as well as reduced AF/AT recurrence. First‐step utilization of EIVOM promises to significantly simplify the RF ablation process.Condensed abstractPMAT is the most common type of iatrogenic AT after AF ablation procedures. EIVOM contributed to a higher acute MI block rate and lower arrhythmia recurrence risk during follow‐up. First‐step utilization of EIVOM significantly reduced the need for radiofrequency ablation at MI and inside CS with the advantage of creating a homogenous, transmural lesion and eliminating epicardial connections.
Analysis of dermatology emergency consultations in a pediatric population: One‐year retrospective audit from the largest Portuguese tertiary teaching hospital
Authors: Sun Lanyu , Alpalhão Miguel , Filipe Paulo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA retrospective study was conducted on pediatric patients examined via dermatology emergency consultation over 1 year. A total of 1352 diagnoses, including 100 distinct disorders, were recorded. Regardless of the diversity of skin conditions observed, a relatively small number of disorders were found repeatedly. We encourage education aimed at ED providers to focus on the diagnosis and management of the more commonly encountered disorders, including atopic dermatitis and infectious skin disorders.
Panpsychism and God
Authors: Leidenhag Joanna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPanpsychism is the view, found in ancient and modern, Eastern and Western philosophies, that mind is a fundamental and ubiquitous feature of the universe. This article explores the use of panpsychism to support different views of God. It is seen that as a family of views, panpsychism is a theologically flexible position that has been used to support atheism, pantheism, panentheism, and traditional monotheism. However, the relationship between panpsychism and philosophy of religion is not infinitely flexible. Different versions of panpsychism constrain these models of God, andvice versa. The different motivations for linking panpsychism to (dis)belief in God reveals the range of ways of interpreting the spiritual import of positing mentality in nature.
Unsupervised learning‐based recognition and extraction for intelligent automatic video retrieval
Authors: Balasundaram Sathiyaprasad , Krishnamoorthy Seetharaman 
Published: November 2022

AbstractImage queries‐based automatic recognition is a crucial element of video retrieval. Many recognition systems were proposed with different illustrations in image‐based video retrieval domains. However, intelligent automatic video retrieval recognition (IAVRR) systems development and implementation usage on video retrieval are recurring only at long intervals. Because software and hardware schemes and their updating strategies are used to necessitate automatic recognition of video retrieval image queries, to manage such functions as automated recognition of the image queries in video retrieval with a reduced degree of system memory usage, spots detection, maintenance time, identification of exact duplicate videos, etc. Simultaneously, to solve such problems, it is necessary to use video retrieval and recognition methods and algorithms that allow recognising image queries with a high degree of accuracy in a sufficient time in the conditions of interference and distortion in images. This research determination demonstrates a modified R‐ratio with Viola‐Jones (Mr. VJ) framework with the relevance of developing techniques and algorithms for automatic recognition of image queries. The proposed methods and their relevant algorithms are used to retrieve the highest real videos and ensure video retrieval's mathematical operation in the comparable protected system's operation. The protected system controls over the localisation, normalisation, parsing, segmentation and recognition are accomplished. Hence, the proposed R‐ratio analysis showed high efficiency in experiments on automatic recognition of image queries. Its application made it possible to provide a reasonably short time and high image recognition accuracy in conditions of their different locations. When using the proposed R‐ratio analysis methods with Viola‐Jones, the recognition time is about < 1000 ms. The retrieval accuracy is from 90% to 100% at the various quality of the image pixels.
Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion and subsequent mangrove restoration on soil nitrogen mineralization in Quangang, China
Authors: Feng Jianxiang , Guo Jianlin , Cao Yiting , Hu Naxu , Yu Chenxi , Li Rui 
Published: November 2022

The Spartina alterniflora has severely invaded the coastal mangrove ecosystems in China. Here, we attempt to evaluate the invasion effect of S. alterniflora and the restoration effect of mangrove wetlands from the perspective of the nitrogen cycle characteristics. The inorganic nitrogen content, soil nitrogen mineralization, ammonification, and nitrification rate of uninvaded mudflats with those of invaded S. alterniflora site and native Kandelia obovata site at different restoration stages were compared. The results showed that the NH4+–N was the dominant form of soil inorganic nitrogen at all sites. Owing to its higher ammonification rates, the nitrogen mineralization rates at S. alterniflora site were highest in spring and summer among all sites except for mudflat. The young mangrove (1 year and 8 years) had significantly higher soil inorganic nitrogen content but lower nitrogen mineralization than the mature mangrove, indicated the short‐term response to restoration. The S. alterniflora invasion did not enhance soil nitrogen mineralization comparing with preinvaded mudflat, but it used more NH4+–N relative to K. obovata due to its higher soil nitrogen mineralization than mangrove communities in germination and growing seasons.
Site‐directed mutagenesis of HLA molecules reveals the functional epitope of a human HLA‐A1/A36‐specific monoclonal antibody
Authors: Meng Tina , Bezstarosti Suzanne , Singh Ujjwala , Yap Michelle , Scott Laura , Petrosyan Naiiry , Quiroz Fred , Eps Ned Van , Hui Eric Ka‐Wai , Suh David , Zhu Quansheng , Pei Rui , Kramer Cynthia S. M. , Claas Frans H. J. , Lowe David , Heidt Sebastiaan 
Published: November 2022

Eplet 44KM is currently listed in the HLA Epitope Registry but does not adhere to the eplet definition of an amino acid configuration within a 3.5 Å radius. Eplet 44KM has been previously redefined to the antibody‐verified reactivity pattern 44K/150V/158V, based on reactivity analysis of monoclonal antibody VDK1D12. Since the three residues are always simultaneously present on common HLA alleles, methods to define which residue is crucial for antibody‐induction and binding are limited. In this proof‐of‐concept study, we performed site‐directed mutagenesis to narrow down the antibody‐verified reactivity pattern 44K/150V/158V to a single amino acid and defined 44K as the eplet or functional epitope of mAb VDK1D12.
Assessment of Model Validation, Calibration, and Prediction Approaches in the Presence of Uncertainty
Authors: Whiting Nolan W. , Roy Christopher J. , Duque Earl , Lawrence Seth , Oberkampf William L. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Model validation is the process of determining the degree to which a model is an accurate representation of the true value in the real world. The results of a model validation study can be used to either quantify the model form uncertainty or to improve/calibrate the model. The model validation process becomes complex when there is uncertainty in the simulation and/or experimental outcomes. These uncertainties can be in the form of aleatory uncertainties due to randomness or epistemic uncertainties due to lack of knowledge. Five different approaches are used for addressing model validation and predictive capability: (1) the area validation metric (AVM), (2) a modified area validation metric (MAVM) with confidence intervals, (3) the validation uncertainty procedure from ASME V&V 20, (4) a calibration procedure interpreted from ASME V&V 20, and (5) identification of the model discrepancy term using Bayesian estimation. To provide an unambiguous assessment of these different approaches, synthetic experimental data is generated from computational fluid dynamics simulations of an airfoil with a flap. A simplified model is then developed using thin airfoil theory. The accuracy of the simplified model is assessed using the synthetic experimental data. The quantities examined include the two-dimensional lift and moment coefficients for the airfoil with varying angles of attack and flap deflection angles. Each of these approaches is assessed for the ability to tightly encapsulate the true value at conditions both where experimental results are provided and prediction locations where no experimental data are available. Generally, it was seen that the MAVM performed the best in cases where there is a sparse amount of data and/or large extrapolations. Furthermore, it was found that Bayesian estimation outperformed the others where there is an extensive amount of experimental data that covers the application domain.
Statistical Rule Extraction for Gas Turbine Trip Prediction
Authors: Bechini Giovanni , Losi Enzo , Manservigi Lucrezia , Pagliarini Giovanni , Sciavicco Guido , Stan Ionel Eduard , Venturini Mauro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Gas turbine trip is an operational event that arises when undesirable operating conditions are approached or exceeded, and predicting its onset is a largely unexplored area. The application of novel artificial intelligence methods to this problem is interesting both from the computer science and the engineering point of view, and the results may be relevant in both the academia and the industry. In this paper, we consider data gathered from a fleet of Siemens industrial gas turbines in operation that includes several thermodynamic variables observed during a long period of operation. To assess the possibility of predicting trip events, we first apply a new, systematic statistical analysis to identify the most important variables, then we use a novel machine learning technique known as temporal decision tree, which differs from canonical decision tree because it allows a native treatment of the temporal component, and has an elegant logical interpretation that eases the posthoc validation of the results. Finally, we use the learned models to extract statistical rules. As a result, we are able to select the five most informative variables, build a predictive model with an average accuracy of 73%, and extract several rules. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to use such an approach not only in the gas turbine field but also in the whole industry domain.
Understanding primary care diagnosis and management of sleep disturbance for people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment: a realist review protocol
Authors: Greene Leanne , Aryankhesal Aidin , Megson Molly , Blake Jessica , Wong Geoff , Briscoe Simon , Hilton Andrea , Killett Anne , Reeve Joanne , Allan Louise , Ballard Clive , Broomfield Niall , van Horik Jayden , Khondoker Mizanur , Lazar Alpar , Litherland Rachael , Livingston Gill , Maidment Ian , Medina-Lara Antonieta , Rook George , Scott Sion , Shepstone Lee , Fox Chris 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe increasingly ageing population is associated with greater numbers of people living with dementia (PLwD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). There are an estimated 55 million PLwD and approximately 6% of people over 60 years of age are living with MCI, with the figure rising to 25% for those aged between 80 and 84 years. Sleep disturbances are common for this population, but there is currently no standardised approach within UK primary care to manage this. Coined as a ‘wicked design problem’, sleep disturbances in this population are complex, with interventions supporting best management in context.Methods and analysisThe aim of this realist review is to deepen our understanding of what is considered ‘sleep disturbance’ in PLwD or MCI within primary care. Specifically, we endeavour to better understand how sleep disturbance is assessed, diagnosed and managed. To co-produce this protocol and review, we have recruited a stakeholder group comprising individuals with lived experience of dementia or MCI, primary healthcare staff and sleep experts. This review will be conducted in line with Pawson’s five stages including the development of our initial programme theory, literature searches and the refinement of theory. The Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards (RAMESES) quality and reporting standards will also be followed. The realist review will be an iterative process and our initial realist programme theory will be tested and refined in response to our data searches and stakeholder discussions.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this review. We will follow the RAMESES standards to ensure we produce a complete and transparent report. Our final programme theory will help us to devise a tailored sleep management tool for primary healthcare professionals, PLwD and their carers. Our dissemination strategy will include lay summaries via email and our research website, peer-reviewed publications and social media posts.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022304679.
Revisiting the Security of Biometric Authentication Systems Against Statistical Attacks
Authors: Habib Sohail , Khan Hassan , Hamilton-Wright Andrew , Hengartner Urs 
Published: November 2022

The uniqueness of behavioral biometrics (e.g., voice or keystroke patterns) has been challenged by recent works. Statistical attacks have been proposed that infer general population statistics and target behavioral biometrics against a particular victim. We show that despite their success, these approaches require several attempts for successful attacks against different biometrics due to the different nature of overlap in users’ behavior for these biometrics. Furthermore, no mechanism has been proposed to date that detects statistical attacks. In this work, we propose a new hypervolumes-based statistical attack and show that unlike existing methods, it (1) is successful against a variety of biometrics, (2) is successful against more users, and (3) requires fewest attempts for successful attacks. More specifically, across five diverse biometrics, for the first attempt, on average our attack is 18 percentage points more successful than the second best (37% vs. 19%). Similarly, for the fifth attack attempt, on average our attack is 18 percentage points more successful than the second best (67% vs. 49%). We propose and evaluate a mechanism that can detect the more devastating statistical attacks. False rejects in biometric systems are common, and by distinguishing statistical attacks from false rejects, our defense improves usability and security. The evaluation of the proposed detection mechanism shows its ability to detect on average 94% of the tested statistical attacks with an average probability of 3% to detect false rejects as a statistical attack. Given the serious threat posed by statistical attacks to biometrics that are used today (e.g., voice), our work highlights the need for defending against these attacks.
Successful Black Mathematics Teachers Building Collectivity, Autonomy, and Mathematics Expertise of Their Black Girls
Authors: Marshall Brittany L. , Rosado Aziel O. , Battey Dan 
Published: November 2022

Background: Traditional mathematics logics lead to inequities that reproduce narratives such as the myths of racialized and gendered hierarchies of mathematical ability (Hottinger, 2016; Martin, 2009). Black girls sit at the bottom of both racialized and gendered hierarchies; however, research over the past decade has provided evidence that Black teachers challenge these hierarchies for their Black students. Therefore, we show how two teachers work against these logics to create space for their Black girl students to flourish as learners and producers of mathematics. Focus of Study: This research documents the logics that lead to supportive spaces for Black girls in two Black mathematics teachers’ classrooms: What are the supportive logics of successful mathematics teachers who support Black girls’ achievement in middle school classrooms? Setting: This research was a secondary analysis of videos collected as part of the Gates-funded Understanding Teaching Quality (UTQ) project. Case Study Selection: The study used MANOVA to quantitatively select teachers based on change in mathematics achievement. Two teachers were selected based on number and percentage of Black girls in the top 5% of change in achievement across the dataset. Although not part of the selection criteria, both mathematics teachers identified as Black. Research Design: The study used a case study design to describe the mathematics practices and the logics that they supported for the two successful Black mathematics teachers. Data Collection and Analysis: The dataset included four lessons per teacher with two cameras for each lesson. Open coding was used to identify the practices used by teachers drawing on logics as an orienting concept. Findings: Interestingly, both classrooms were fairly procedural in their mathematics focus; however, the classrooms challenged logics of individualism, racialized and gendered hierarchies of mathematics ability, and carceral pedagogy. Teachers supported Black student autonomy in terms of both behavior and intellectual contribution, and specifically positioned Black girls as experts and highlighted collective responsibility for peers’ mathematics learning. Conclusions: Although the classrooms did not display the cultural competence or sociopolitical consciousness foundational to culturally relevant pedagogy, the Black teachers did challenge traditional logics found in mathematics classrooms. Through a focus on collectivity, autonomy, and competence, the relational ways in which teachers positioned Black girls ran counter to logics that too often frame them as incapable mathematically.
Comparison of Lanolin and Human Milk Treatment of Painful and Damaged Nipples: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Perić Olivera , Pavičić Bošnjak Anita , Mabić Mirela , Tomić Vajdana 
Published: November 2022

Background: Painful and damaged nipples are frequently associated with breastfeeding cessation in the early postpartum period. The results of researchers’ studies utilizing different treatments have been inconclusive. Research Aim: To compare the intensity of nipple pain and the healing of damaged nipples during the first 10 days postpartum using either lanolin or human milk treatments. Methods: This single-blind randomized controlled trial included participants ( N = 206) who were primiparous with painful and damaged nipples. Participants were recruited from the tertiary teaching hospital within the first 72 hr after delivery and randomized to the intervention group with lanolin ( n = 103) and a human milk control group ( n = 103). Data were collected in the maternity ward, 3 and 7 days after randomization. The primary outcome was nipple pain intensity and quality measured 3 and 7 days after randomization by the McGill Pain Questionnaire – short form. The nipple damage self-assessment questionnaire was used for the assessment of nipple healing. Breastfeeding self-efficacy, breastfeeding duration, and exclusivity were assessed as secondary outcomes. Results: Participants in both groups reported a statistically nonsignificant reduction in pain (quality and intensity of pain) as well as improved nipple healing 7 days after randomization. Participants in the lanolin group exclusively breastfed their infants 3 days after randomization—significantly more often than participants in the control group ( p = .026). The study did not reveal any statistically significant differences for other secondary outcomes. Conclusion: Both lanolin and human milk are equally effective in treating painful and damaged nipples. Registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04153513)
Prediction rule of supratherapeutic peak serum salicylate level in poisoning patients attending emergency departments
Authors: Suen Wah Chan , Chi Keung Chan , Yau Tak Ng , Chun Tat Lui , Hin Tat Fung 
Published: November 2022

Background:Analgesic poisoning is common in Hong Kong. Analgesics containing salicylate are easily available. Salicylate poisoning may be encountered in the daily practice of the accident and emergency department. The issue of routine salicylate screening was discussed in a number of articles, and the viewpoints of most authors were that routine salicylate screening was unnecessary.Objectives:The primary outcome is to explore the predictive factors of supratherapeutic peak serum salicylate level (>2.17 mmol/L) and delineate the role of routine screening serum salicylate level in poisoned patients attending the accident and emergency department.Methods:This is a retrospective cohort study. Poisoning cases presented to Hong Kong Poison Information Centre between 1 July 2008 and 31 October 2020 with serum salicylate level checked were included. The demographics, laboratory parameters and clinical outcomes were reviewed.Results:There were 8673 cases included with serum salicylate level checked, accounting for 17% of all poisoning cases. Sixty-six (0.76%) cases had supratherapeutic peak serum salicylate level and 11 (0.13%) of them were undeclared salicylate ingestion. Worse clinical outcomes were observed in cases with supratherapeutic peak serum salicylate level. Univariate analysis showed that tinnitus, hyperthermia, alkalaemia, metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis and therapeutic use of aspirin were significantly associated with supratherapeutic peak serum salicylate level. Variables with p < 0.3 were entered into the backward stepwise logistic regression by likelihood ratio. A clinical prediction rule with three attributes (tinnitus, therapeutic use of aspirin and partial pressure of CO2<5 kPa) was derived. It showed 100% sensitivity in internal validation.Conclusion:Serum salicylate level should be checked in poisoned patients with (1) tinnitus, (2) the therapeutic use of aspirin or (3) partial pressure of CO2<5 kPa in arterial or venous blood gas. Routine salicylate screening remained a tool for clinicians not experienced in toxicology.