bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early and Late Postoperative Tachyarrhythmias in Children and Young Adults Undergoing Congenital Heart Disease Surgery
Authors: Joye Raphael , Beghetti Maurice , Wacker Julie , Malaspinas Iliona , Bouhabib Maya , Polito Angelo , Bordessoule Alice , Shah Dipen C 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe population of patients with congenital heart disease is constantly growing with an increasing number of individuals reaching adulthood. A significant proportion of these children and young adults will suffer from tachyarrhythmias due to the abnormal anatomy, the hemodynamic burden, or as a sequela of surgical treatment. Depending on the underlying mechanism, arrhythmias may arise in the early postoperative period (hours to days after surgery) or in the late postoperative period (usually years after surgery). A good understanding of the electrophysiological characteristics and pathophysiological mechanisms is therefore crucial to guide the therapeutic approach. Here, we synthesize the current state of knowledge on epidemiological features, risk factors, pathophysiological insights, electrophysiological features, and therapy regarding tachyarrhythmias in children and young adults undergoing reparative surgery for congenital heart disease. The evolution and latest data on treatment options, including pharmacological therapy, ablation procedures, device therapy decision, and thromboprophylaxis, are summarized. Finally, throughout this comprehensive review, knowledge gaps and areas for future research are also identified.
Spontaneous healing of acute ACL ruptures: rate, prognostic factors and short-term outcome
Authors: Blanke F. , Trinnes K. , Oehler N. , Prall W. C. , Lutter C. , Tischer T. , Vogt S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is considered the first line treatment in ACL rupture. However, some patients return to high intensity sport activities and show a normal knee function without ACL reconstruction. Therefore, aim of this study was to evaluate the rate and prognostic factors of spontaneous healing in patients with ACL rupture and the short-term functional outcome.

Methods
The rate, prognostic factors and short-term functional results of spontaneous healing in patients with ACL rupture were evaluated in 381 patients. Morphology of ACL rupture and extent of posterior tibial slope (PTS) were classified by MR- and x-ray imaging. In patients with normal knee stability in anesthesia examination and healed ACL during the arthroscopy 6 weeks after trauma ACL reconstruction was canceled. IKDC -, Tegner Activity Score, KT 1000 testing and radiological characteristics were collected 12 months postoperatively in these patients.

Results
14.17% of the patients with ACL rupture showed a spontaneous healing after 6 weeks. Femoral ACL-rupture (p < 0.02) with integrity of ligament stump > 50% (p < 0.001), without bundle separation (p < 0.001) and decreased PTS (p < 0.001) was found significantly more often in patients with a spontaneous healed ACL. The average IKDC score was high at 84,63 in patients with healed ACL at 1 year follow-up, but KT 1000 testing was inferior compared to non-injured side.

Conclusion
Spontaneous healing of a ruptured ACL happened in 14% of the patients. Especially in low-demand patients with femoral single bundle lesions without increased posterior tibial slope delayed ACL surgery should be considered to await the possibility for potential spontaneous ACL healing.
Method Development, Optimization, and Validation of the Separation of Ketamine Enantiomers by Capillary Electrophoresis Using Design of Experiments
Authors: Schmidt Sebastian , Holzgrabe Ulrike 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCapillary electrophoresis was chosen as cost-effective and robust method to separate ketamine enantiomers. For the method development, first different native and modified cyclodextrins were tested. The most promising chiral selector was α-cyclodextrin. A design of experiments (DoE) was carried out, which started with the screening of relevant factors. Based on these results, the method was optimized according to the significant factors (buffer, cyclodextrin concentration, pH value, voltage, temperature) of the screening based on the response resolution and migration time of the later migrating enantiomer. The optimized conditions consisted of a background electrolyte with 275 mM TRIS, adjusted with 85% phosphoric acid to a pH of 2.50, and 50 mM α-cyclodextrin, at a temperature of 15 °C, an applied voltage of 30 kV and an injection pressure of 1.0 psi for 10 s. A fused-silica capillary with a total length of 70 cm and an effective length to the detector of 60 cm was used. The method was validated according to ICH guideline Q2 R(1). The limit of quantification was 3.51 µg mL−1 for S-ketamine and 3.98 µg mL−1 for R-ketamine. The method showed good linearity for racemic ketamine with R2 of 0.9995 for S-ketamine and 0.9994 for R-ketamine. The lowest quantifiable content of S-ketamine found in R-ketamine was 0.45%.
Identifying leverage points in climate change migration systems through expert mental models
Authors: Nabong Emily C. , Opdyke Aaron , Walters Jeffrey P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs the impacts of climate change increase, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change advises that global migration will also increase. A deeper understanding of the factors and interactions that influence the migration decision-making of climate-affected populations is needed to more accurately predict migration estimates and adequately inform and prepare future receiving cities. In this study, we survey thirty-two experts in the field of climate migration to explore how demographic, economic, environmental, political, and social factors interact to lead to climate (im)mobility and how these interactions change within sea level rise, drought, flooding, and erosion contexts. We use system mapping and network analysis to determine which factors should be targeted as leverage points for policy makers and their resulting effects within each hazard context. Our findings identify physical infrastructure, social services, social capital, and political stability as places to intervene to increase resiliency in drought, flooding, and erosion climate migration systems. Using hazard context and community consultation, we recommend selecting target factors with direct relationships to other highly influential factors (livelihoods, food security, and financial capital) to elicit the most positive cascading effects through the whole system, leading to changes in migration. We also highlight the sea level rise climate migration system as highly complex in comparison to the other contexts examined and the need for multi-factored interventions in this context to create more resilient migration systems. Our findings contribute to the growing body of work which seeks to better understand the interactions between factors influencing climate migration.
Accuracy of best possible medication histories by pharmacy students: an observational study
Authors: Francis Martina , Deep Louise , Schneider Carl R. , Moles Rebekah J. , Patanwala Asad E. , Do Linda L. , Levy Russell , Soo Garry , Burke Rosemary , Penm Jonathan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Medication reconciliation is an effective strategy to prevent medication errors upon hospital admission and requires obtaining a patient’s best possible mediation history (BPMH). However, obtaining a BPMH is time-consuming and pharmacy students may assist pharmacists in this task.

Aim
To evaluate the proportion of patients who have an accurate BPMH from the pharmacy student-obtained BPMH compared to the pharmacist-obtained BPMH.

Method
Twelve final-year pharmacy students were trained to obtain BPMHs upon admission at 2 tertiary hospitals and worked in pairs. Each student pair completed one 8-h shift each week for 8 weeks. Students obtained BPMHs for patients taking 5 or more medications. A pharmacist then independently obtained and checked the student BPMH from the same patient for accuracy. Deviations were determined between student-obtained and pharmacist-obtained BMPH. An accurate BPMH was defined as only having no-or-low risk medication deviations.

Results
The pharmacy students took BPMHs for 91 patients. Of these, 65 patients (71.4%) had an accurate BPMH. Of the 1170 medications included in patients’ BPMH, 1118 (95.6%) were deemed accurate. For the student-obtained BPMHs, they were more likely to be accurate for patients who were older (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.03–1.06; p < 0.001), had fewer medications (OR 0.85; 95% CI 0.75–0.97; p = 0.02), and if students used two source types (administration and supplier) to obtain the BPMH (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.09–2.50; p = 0.02).

Conclusion
It is suitable for final-year pharmacy students to be incorporated into the BPMHs process and for their BPMHs to be verified for accuracy by a pharmacist.
Uranium in phosphate rocks and mineral fertilizers applied to agricultural soils in East Africa
Authors: Mwalongo Dennis A. , Haneklaus Nils H. , Lisuma Jacob B. , Kivevele Thomas T. , Mtei Kelvin M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Phosphate rock, pre-concentrated phosphate ore, is the primary raw material for the production of mineral phosphate fertilizer. Phosphate rock is among the fifth most mined materials on earth, and it is also mined and processed to fertilizers in East Africa. Phosphate ore can contain relevant heavy metal impurities such as toxic cadmium and radiotoxic uranium. Prolonged use of phosphate rock powder as a fertilizer and application of mineral fertilizers derived from phosphate rock on agricultural soils can lead to an accumulation of heavy metals that can then pose an environmental risk. This work assesses the uranium concentrations in four major phosphate rocks originating from East Africa and four mineral phosphate fertilizers commonly used in the region. The concentration measurements were performed using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The results showed that the uranium concentration in phosphate rock ranged from as low as 10.7 mg kg−1 (Mrima Hill deposit, Kenya) to as high as 631.6 mg kg−1 (Matongo deposit, Burundi), while the concentrations in phosphate fertilizers ranged from 107.9 for an imported fertilizer to 281.0 mg kg−1 for a local fertilizer produced from Minjingu phosphate rock in Tanzania. In this context, it is noteworthy that the naturally occurring concentration of uranium in the earth crust is between 1.4 and 2.7 mg kg−1 and uranium mines in Namibia commercially process ores with uranium concentrations as low as 100–400 mg kg−1. This study thus confirms that East African phosphate rock, and as a result the phosphate fertilizer produced from it can contain relatively high uranium concentrations. Options to recover this uranium are discussed, and it is recommended that public–private partnerships are established that could develop economically competitive technologies to recover uranium during phosphate rock processing at the deposits with the highest uranium concentrations.
Strategies to reduce visual attention changes while learning and training in extended reality environments
Authors: Bautista Luis , Maradei Fernanda , Pedraza Gabriel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractComputer-Based training (CBT) is a widely used strategy in interactive learning and skills training to provide the trainee with information while in training. Extended Reality (XR) is a set of technologies used in the fourth industrial revolution for this purpose. However, an important XR limitation is the cognitive overload in trainees due to continuous changes in attention. The effects of the changes in attention on cognitive load have been studied in environments such as printed material and desktop PC’s. However, such effects are not yet fully known on XR platforms. This study’s aim was to identify strategies to reduce the changes in attention in instructional/educational materials, which use extended reality to present information to trainees. The presented information can guide the use of combined strategies to reduce the cognitive overload generated by XR display platforms. Therefore, an extensive literature review was carried out. From a set of 1946 articles, 53 studies were selected. The selected studies evaluated the cognitive load in instructional materials that used XR as a visualization platform. The results showed three strategy groups: those associated with the spatial integration of information, those associated with the use of visual features and those associated with the content segmentation. Effects of this strategies in the user performance and user cognitive load are discussed.
Towards Small Scale: Overview and Applications of Microfluidics in Biotechnology
Authors: Enders Anton , Grünberger Alexander , Bahnemann Janina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThanks to recent and continuing technological innovations, modern microfluidic systems are increasingly offering researchers working across all fields of biotechnology exciting new possibilities (especially with respect to facilitating high throughput analysis, portability, and parallelization). The advantages offered by microfluidic devices—namely, the substantially lowered chemical and sample consumption they require, the increased energy and mass transfer they offer, and their comparatively small size—can potentially be leveraged in every sub-field of biotechnology. However, to date, most of the reported devices have been deployed in furtherance of healthcare, pharmaceutical, and/or industrial applications. In this review, we consider examples of microfluidic and miniaturized systems across biotechnology sub-fields. In this context, we point out the advantages of microfluidics for various applications and highlight the common features of devices and the potential for transferability to other application areas. This will provide incentives for increased collaboration between researchers from different disciplines in the field of biotechnology.
Modeling a COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign in the State of Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Das Priyanka , Shukla Santosh , Bhagwat Ashwin , Purohit Saurabh , Dhir Sanjay , Sushil  , Jandu Harkabir Singh , Kukreja Meenal , Kothari Nitin , Sharma Saurabh , Das Shyamashree , Taneja Gunjan , Ghosh Raj Shankar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 vaccination campaigns have been launched across the globe to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 disease. However, COVID-19 vaccination campaigns (Vaccination campaigns are the complete process of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns beyond just administrating vaccines.) are a complex multi-stakeholder process, and therefore, it is important to understand the key components and drivers of vaccination campaigns to help devise strategies to increase vaccination coverage for existing and future vaccination efforts. A system dynamics modeling approach was used to trace the vaccination campaign for the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The results identified the key stakeholders of the vaccination campaign and their inter-linkages, and the diverse perspectives of stakeholders of vaccination campaigns in Madhya Pradesh were collated in a structured format. Further, system dynamics models were developed to capture all aspects of the vaccination campaign in Madhya Pradesh, including the challenges and innovations. The outcomes of the study can assist academicians, practitioners, and policymakers develop vaccination programs at sub-national, national, and global levels. They will guide decision-makers to take preemptive measures to mitigate possible risks and challenges and provide improved services as part of vaccination campaigns.
The Bloch–Okounkov theorem for congruence subgroups and Taylor coefficients of quasi-Jacobi forms
Authors: van Ittersum Jan-Willem M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThere are many families of functions on partitions, such as the shifted symmetric functions, for which the corresponding q-brackets are quasimodular forms. We extend these families so that the corresponding q-brackets are quasimodular for a congruence subgroup. Moreover, we find subspaces of these families for which the q-bracket is a modular form. These results follow from the properties of Taylor coefficients of strictly meromorphic quasi-Jacobi forms around rational lattice points.
The Moderating Role of Dyadic Coping in the Link Between Parenting Stress and Couple Relationship Quality in Parents of Children with ADHD
Authors: Schirl Jessica , Ruth Elisabeth , Zemp Martina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders in childhood and adolescence. The child’s ADHD symptoms are associated with increased stress levels for parents. Previous research has shown that parenting stress has a negative impact on parental relationship quality, but those negative effects can be mitigated through the couple’s positive dyadic coping. However, these associations have not yet been studied for parents of children with ADHD. Therefore, this cross-sectional online study was aiming at investigating whether dyadic coping moderates the link between parenting stress and couple relationship quality in parents of children with ADHD in comparison to parents of children without ADHD. Data from 446 parents of children aged 6 to 16 years (clinical group: n = 265 parents of children with ADHD; control group: n = 181 parents of children without ADHD) were analyzed separately for both groups using moderation analyses. Results showed that negative dyadic coping significantly moderated the association between parenting stress and relationship quality in parents of children with ADHD, such that the link was positive, when negative dyadic coping was low. No comparable results were found in the control group. With respect to positive dyadic coping, there were no moderation effects in either group. The findings indicate that stress in parents of children with ADHD may have a favorable effect on the couple relationship if negative dyadic coping is minimized. Therefore, reducing negative dyadic coping could have a beneficial effect on the parents’ relationship quality and ultimately on the overall family climate.
Conformal mirror descent with logarithmic divergences
Authors: Kainth Amanjit Singh , Wong Ting-Kam Leonard , Rudzicz Frank 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe logarithmic divergence is an extension of the Bregman divergence motivated by optimal transport and a generalized convex duality, and satisfies many remarkable properties. Using the geometry induced by the logarithmic divergence, we introduce a generalization of continuous time mirror descent that we term the conformal mirror descent. We derive its dynamics under a generalized mirror map, and show that it is a time change of a corresponding Hessian gradient flow. We also prove convergence results in continuous time. We apply the conformal mirror descent to online estimation of a generalized exponential family, and construct a family of gradient flows on the unit simplex via the Dirichlet optimal transport problem.
A multiscale dilated convolution and mixed-order attention-based deep neural network for monocular depth prediction
Authors: Xu Huihui , Li Fei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecovering precise depth information from different scenes has become a popular subject in the semantic segmentation and virtual reality fields. This study presents a multiscale dilated convolution and mixed-order attention-based deep neural network for monocular depth recovery. Specifically, we design a multilevel feature enhancement scheme to enhance and fuse high-resolution and low-resolution features on the basis of mixed-order attention. Moreover, a multiscale dilated convolution module that combines four different dilated convolutions is explored for deriving multiscale information and increasing the receptive field. Recent studies have shown that the design of loss terms is crucial to depth prediction. Therefore, an efficient loss function that combines the ℓ1 loss, gradient loss, and classification loss is also designed to promote rich details. Experiments on three public datasets show that the presented approach achieves better performance than state-of-the-art depth prediction methods.
Intercity mobility pattern and settlement intention: evidence from China
Authors: Wen FengHua , Jiang Yating , Jiang Ling 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Floating population is an important group in the emerging urbanization process. This group promotes long-term settlement, which is a significant driving force increasing the urbanization level of countries. This study analyzed the changes in population mobility between Chinese cities and the willingness of the floating population to settle down. The analyses were based on data obtained from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) in 2017, and the China Seventh Census 2020. Spatial econometric models were constructed for in-depth research. The result showed that: ① the floating population migrated mainly from the central region to the surrounding cities, and their long-term settlement intention presented a spatial pattern of "high in the east, low in the west, and local concentration." ②the long-term settlement intention significantly negatively affected the urban floating population. City economic level, public service capacity, and environmental quality significantly positively or negatively influence the number of the floating population. For promoting more floating population to become urban residents, management of the group should be strengthened, construction level of the urban economy, society, and ecology improved, and the willingness of the group to settle for an extended time encouraged.
The CTSA Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility (DEIA) Task Force’s recommendations for the CTSA program consortium
Authors: Carter-Edwards Lori , Hightower Maia , Schick Vanessa , Nguyen Tung , Hidalgo Bertha , Cacari Stone Lisa , Laird Rebecca , Ossip Deborah , Rubio Mercedes , ElShourbagy Ferreira Sanae , Carrasquillo Olveen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Program recognizes that advancing diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA) requires moving beyond statements of commitment to transformative actions. In 2021, the CTSA Program created a Task Force (TF) to initiate work in support of structural and transformational initiatives that advance DEIA for the consortium and its individual hubs. We describe the process of forming the expertise-driven (DEIA) TF and our activities to date. We 1) developed and adopted the DEIA Learning Systems Framework to guide our approach; 2) defined a set of recommendations across four focus areas (Institutional; Programmatic; Community-Centered; and Social, Cultural, Environmental); and 3) designed and disseminated a survey to capture the CTSA Program’s baseline demographic, community, infrastructural, and leadership diversity. The CTSA Consortium also elevated the TF to a standing Committee to extend our understanding, development, and implementation of DEIA approaches to translational and clinical science. These initial steps provide a foundation for collectively fostering environment that support DEIA across the research continuum.