bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 2x2 randomised factorial SWAT of the use of a pen and small, financial incentive to improve recruitment in a randomised controlled trial of yoga for older adults with multimorbidity
Authors: Fairhurst Caroline , Roche Jenny , Bissell Laura , Hewitt Catherine , Hugill-Jones Jess , Howsam Jenny , Maturana Camila S , Corbacho Martin Belen , Paul Shirley-Anne S , Rose Fi , Torgerson David J , Ward Lesley , Wiley Laura , Tew Garry A 
Published: March 2022

Background: Monetary and other incentives may increase recruitment to randomised controlled trials. Methods: 2x2 factorial ‘study within a trial’ of including a pen and/or £5 (GBP) in cash with a postal recruitment pack to increase the number of participants randomised into the host trial (‘Gentle Years Yoga’) for older adults with multimorbidity. Secondary outcomes: return, and time to return, of screening form, and the cost per additional participant randomised. Binary data were analysed using logistic regression and time to return using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: 818 potential host trial participants were included. Between those sent a pen (n=409) and not sent a pen (n=409), there was no evidence of a difference in the proportion of participants randomised (15 (3.7%) versus 11 (2.7%); OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.63–3.04), in returning a screening form (66 (16.1%) versus 61 (14.9%); OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.75–1.61) nor in time to return the screening form (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.77–1.55). Between those sent £5 (n=409) and not sent £5 (n=409), there was no evidence of increased randomisation (14 (3.4%) versus 12 (2.9%); OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.54–2.57), but more screening forms were returned (77 (18.8%) versus 50 (12.2%); OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.13–2.45) and there was decreased time to return screening form (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.09–2.22). No significant interaction between the interventions was observed. The cost per additional participant randomised was £32 and £1000 for the pen and £5, respectively. Conclusion: A small, monetary incentive did not result in more participants being randomised into the host trial but did encourage increased and faster response to the recruitment invitation. Since it is relatively costly, we do not recommend this intervention for use to increase recruitment in this population. Pens were cheaper but did not provide evidence of benefit.
Improving care for new mothers with postnatal morbidity in Ireland
Authors: Brophy Caroline , Doherty Jean , Coughlan Barbara , Sheehy Lucille , Folan Margaret , O'Brien Laoise , Brosnan Mary 
Published: March 2022

Background Pathways to dedicated clinics for women in Ireland who experience morbidity during the antenatal, intrapartum or postnatal periods are lacking. In view of this, a postnatal morbidity clinic was set up and an evaluation was conducted with clinic attendees with the aim of improving the service by using the results to guide the expansion and improvements. Methods A survey was developed using two validated questionnaires of women who were discharged from the clinic over 6 months. Surveys were self-completed and returned by 92 women, then analysed using descriptive statistics for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Results Several areas were highlighted for improvement, such as expanding debriefing services, making a more precise plan of action upon discharge and improving continuity of care. Conclusions Postnatal morbidities exert a considerable toll on new mothers. Listening to women's experiences of attending the clinic guided the successful expansion of advanced midwife practitioner-led supports and improved efficiencies within the clinic as well as highlighting the importance of such a service for all women.
Knowledge brokering organisations: a new way of governing evidence
Authors: MacKillop Eleanor , Downe James 
Published: March 2022

Background:Government-funded knowledge brokering organisations (KBOs) are an increasingly prevalent yet under-researched area. Working in the space between knowledge and policy, yet framing themselves as different from think tanks and academic research centres, these organisations broker evidence into policy.
Aims and objectives:This article examines how three organisations on different continents develop similar narratives and strategies to attempt to inform policymaking and build legitimacy.
Methods:Using documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews, it shows how the organisations construct their credibility and legitimacy, and make sense of their emergence, activities and relationships with policymakers.
Findings:The study responds to the lack of political focus on many existing studies, examining how KBOs make sense of their origins and roles, articulating notions of evidence, and mobilising different types of legitimacies to do so. The research also addresses an empirical gap surrounding the emergence and activities of KBOs (not individuals), analysing organisations on three different continents.
Discussion and conclusions:KBOs developed similar narratives of origins and functions, despite emerging in different contexts. Furthermore, they build their legitimacy/ies in similar ways. Our research improves our understanding of how a new ‘tool’ in the evidence-informed policymaking (EIPM) arsenal – KBOs – is being mobilised by different governments in similar ways.
Modeling nonlinear high-pressure sensors based on degenerate four-wave mixing in photonic crystal fibers
Authors: Nallusamy Nagarajan , Arzate N. , Vasantha Jayakantha Raja R. , Singhal Rahul 
Published: March 2022

We propose a high-pressure sensing mechanism in solid-core silica photonic crystal fibers (PCF) that is based on the nonlinear optical process of degenerate four-wave mixing. A quite simple configuration for the pressure sensor is given and is theoretically investigated by obtaining signal gain spectra. We focus on the Stokes and anti-Stokes sidebands that are generated during propagation of the field along the PCF due to the interplay of dispersion and nonlinear optical effects. We have considered wave propagation in the normal dispersion regime with the inclusion of negative fourth-order dispersion. We have also considered a pumping field with wavelength of 1076 nm and peak power of 3000 W that propagates along a PCF with 40 cm of length. We have optimized sensitivity, varying lattice pitch and air-hole diameter, and we have obtained high sensitivities of the Stokes and anti-Stokes lines of 3.672 and

−

0.146

n
m

/

M
P
a

, respectively. The proposed sensors have potential applicability in high-pressure environments.
Anti-mutation load and error stability of a large aperture lens based on parallel collimation locking
Authors: Zhang Donghui , Zhang Chao , Liu Zhigang , Zheng Liunian , Pang Xiangyang , Zhu Jianqiang 
Published: March 2022

Based on the lens of spatial filter parallel auxiliary assembly and collimation method, aiming at the unloading and locking problem of the filter lens after collimating, a lens parallel adjustable axial locking structure was proposed. A special elastic chuck structure was designed to realize clamping axial friction locking; each branch realized interference fit, and the adjustable structure of “line-line-line” contact realized equivalent fixation through spring pre-tightening. Compared with radial locking, the abrupt error of the axial locking lens in the unloading process of a collimating auxiliary machine was small, and the posture state maintenance and structural response stability were strong. The established homogeneous transformation matrix (HTM) and lens global error showed that the pose torsion roll error of the radial locking structure was significantly suppressed. The relative stability experiment showed that the angular drift error of the lens axial locking structure was ± 0.2 µrad. The design effectively improved the unloading anti-mutation characteristics and stability of the filter lens, which provided an experimental basis for the application of intelligent collimation assisted assembly and adjustment scheme in the upgrading of a high-power laser device.
Pulse rate multiplier based on the temporal Talbot effect in birefringent optical filters
Authors: Driouche Youcef , Hamdi Rachid , Graini Leila , Halassi Abderezzaq , Benkelfat Badr-Eddine 
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to implement a pulse rate multiplier based on the temporal self-imaging effect using, for the first time to our knowledge, a birefringent optical filter. The proposed filter, with periodic quadratic phase-only filtering induced through engineered polarization mode dispersion, contains

N

-stage hybrid birefringent crystals set between an input polarizer and an analyzer. Each stage is composed of an identical section and a variable section. An optimization algorithm is used to determine the opto-geometrical parameters of the filter. Preliminary results for 10-stage, 12-stage, 16-stage, and 20-stage birefringent filters show very high fidelity for multiplying a 10 GHz input pulse rate by factors of two, four, six, and eight, respectively, without distorting the individual pulse properties.
Incidence and predictors of acute kidney injury in children with severe malaria
Authors: Afolayan Folake Moriliat , Adedoyin Olanrewaju Timothy , Abdulkadir Mohammed Baba , Ibrahim Olayinka Rasheed , Biliaminu Sikiru Abayomi , Mokuolu Olugbenga Ayodeji , Ojuawo Ayodele 
Published: March 2022

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an underrecognized complication of severe malaria and an independent risk factor for mortality among children.
Objective To determine the incidence and factors predictive of AKI as defined by the pediatric risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage (pRIFLE) criteria in children with severe malaria and to assess in-hospital mortality rates in malarial AKI (MAKI).
Methods This was a prospective cohort study in 170 children aged 0.5 to 14 years with confirmed Plasmodium falciparum on peripheral blood smears and clinical and/or laboratory features of severe malaria. Serum creatinine was determined using the Jaffe method and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated using the Schwartz equation. The primary outcome was the incidence of AKI as defined by the pRIFLE criteria. Secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality comparison between AKI and non-AKI groups, as well as factors predictive of AKI.
Results The incidence of MAKI was 61.2% (104/170) and was comparable between males (66.7%) and females (70.6%). Mean eGFR was lower among children with AKI than those without [42.00 (SD 22) vs. 98.7 (SD 3.9) mL/min/1.73m2, respectively; P=0.005]. Children with MAKI were categorized as having risk (47/104; 45.2%), injury (33/104; 31.7%), or failure (24/104; 23.1%). Mortality rates in AKI and non-AKI subjects were comparable (4.8% vs. 4.6%; P=0.888). Predictors of MAKI were hemoglobinuria [adjusted OR (aOR) 3.948; 95%CI 1.138 to 8.030], deep acidotic breathing (aOR 2.991; 95%CI 3.549 to 66.898), and longer hospital stay (aOR 2.042; 95%CI 3.617 to 12.156). Children with MAKI were more likely to have a longer hospital stay by a mean of 2.5 days.
Conclusion AKI is a common complication in children with severe malaria. MAKI has a low mortality rate comparable to those with severe malaria but without AKI. Hemoglobinuria, deep acidotic breathing, and longer hospital stay were predictive of MAKI.
The role of clinical diagnostic criteria for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis in children: A case report
Authors: Mangunatmadja Irawan , Fauziyah Ricca , Rafli Achmad 
Published: March 2022

Encephalitis is a neurological disorder that develops rapidly into a progressive encephalopathy caused by inflammatory processes in the brain. The incidence of encephalitis in developed countries is 5-10 per 100,000 per year. Encephalitis can affect all ages and cause long-term effects on patients, their families, and society.1-3 Autoimmune encephalitis, including anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis, is increasingly recognized as a cause of encephalitis in children and has a considerable mortality rate of 5-7%.4 Physicians should suspect anti-NMDAR encephalitis in patients with prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms and movement disorder.1-3 We report here a case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and discuss the role of clinical criteria in diagnosing anti-NMDAR encephalitis in children.
Radiation Doses in Patients Undergoing Computed Tomographic Coronary Artery Calcium Evaluation With a 64-Slice Scanner Versus a 256-Slice Scanner
Authors: Madaj Paul , Li Dong , Nakanishi Rine , Andreini Daniele , Pontone Gianluca , Conte Edoardo , O'Rourke Rachael , Hamilton-Craig Christian , Nimmagadda Manojna , Kim Nicholas , Fatima Badiha , Dailing Christopher , Shaikh Kashif , Shekar Chandana , Lee Ju Hwan , Budoff Matthew J. 
Published: March 2022

Computed tomographic coronary artery calcium scanning enables cardiovascular risk stratification; however, exposing patients to high radiation levels is an ongoing concern. New-generation computed tomographic systems use lower radiation doses than older systems do. To quantify comparative doses of radiation exposure, we prospectively acquired images from 220 patients with use of a 64-slice GE LightSpeed VCT scanner (control group, n=110) and a 256-slice GE Revolution scanner (study group, n=110). The groups were matched for age, sex, and body mass index; statistical analysis included t tests and linear regression.
The mean dose-length product was 21% lower in the study group than in the control group (60.2 ± 27 vs 75.9 ± 22.6 mGy·cm; P <0.001) and also in each body mass index subgroup. Similarly, the mean effective radiation dose was 21% lower in the study group (0.84 ± 0.38 vs 1.06 ± 0.32 mSv) and lower in each weight subgroup. After adjustment for sex, women in the study group had a lower dose-length product (50.4 ± 23.4 vs 64.7 ± 27.6 mGy·cm) than men did and received a lower effective dose (0.7 ± 0.32 vs 0.9 ± 0.38 mSv) (P=0.009). As body mass index and waist circumference increased, so did doses for both scanners.
Our study group was exposed to radiation doses lower than the previously determined standard of 1 mSv, even after adjustment for body mass index and waist circumference. In 256-slice scanning for coronary artery calcium, radiation doses are now similar to those in lung cancer screening and mammography.
Asosiasi Gastropoda dengan Lamun di Perairan Teluk Awur dan Pulau Panjang, Jepara
Authors: Maulana Aldi Rivaldy , Widianingsih Widianingsih , Widowati Ita 
Published: March 2022

Gastropoda adalah salah satu biota yang dapat berasosiasi dengan lamun. Kondisi padang lamun pada kedua lokasi akan mempengaruhi tingkat kerapatan dan kelimpahan biota yang berada di perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerapatan lamun yang berbeda dan kelimpahan gastropoda serta hubungan antara tingkat kerapatan lamun yang berbeda dengan kelimpahan gastropoda. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei dan Agustus 2020 di Perairan Teluk Awur dan Pulau Panjang, Jepara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus yang bersifat deskriptif berdasarkan 3 kerapatan yang berbeda, yaitu kerapatan jarang, sedang, dan padat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 4 jenis lamun di Perairan Teluk Awur dan 5 jenis lamun di Perairan Pulau Panjang, yaitu Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hempricii, Cymodocea serrulata dan Cymodocea rotundata dan Halophila ovalis. Kelimpahan gastropoda di kerapatan lamun jarang, sedang, dan padat di Teluk Awur adalah 67,5 ind/m², 97 ind/m² dan 10,5 ind/m², sedangkan kelimpahan gastropoda di kerapatan lamun jarang, sedang, dan padat di Pulau Panjang adalah 96 ind/m², 97,5 ind/m² dan 336,5 ind/m². Berdasarkan hasil regeresi menunjukkan antara kelimpahan gastropoda dengan kerapatan lamun terdapat korelasi yang erat, sehingga semakin tinggi kerapatan lamun akan diikuti oleh tingginya kelimpahan gastropoda. Seagrass beds are one of the marine ecosystems located in coastal areas and have an important role in the waters. Gastropods are one of the biota associated with seagrass beds. The conditions of the seagrass beds in both locations will affect the density and abundance of biota in the waters. This study aims to determine the different levels of seagrass density and abundance of gastropods and the relationship between different seagrass density levels and the abundance of gastropods. This research was carried out in May and August 2020 in the waters of Teluk Awur and Panjang Island, Jepara. The method used in this research is a descriptive case study based on 3 different densities, namely rare, medium, and dense. The research steps taken were sampling, identification, data analysis and data evaluation. The results showed that there were 4 types of seagrass in Teluk Awur waters and 5 types of seagrass in Panjang Island waters, namely Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hempricii, Cymodocea serrulata and Cymodocea rotundata and Halophila ovalis. The abundance of gastropods in the rare, medium, and dense seagrass density in Awur 67,5 ind/m², 97 ind/m² dan 10,5 ind/m², while the abundance of gastropods in the rare, medium and dense seagrass density in Panjang Island was 96 ind/m², 97,5 ind/m² dan 336,5 ind/m². Based on the regression results, there is a strong correlation between gastropod abundance and seagrass density, so that the higher the seagrass density will be followed by the higher gastropod abundance.
Laju Pertumbuhan Harian dan Nisbah Kelamin Lobster Pasir Panulirus homarus di Perairan Liwungan, Pandeglang, Banten
Authors: Andrykusuma Dyanita Havshyari Putri , Redjeki Sri , Riniatsih Ita 
Published: March 2022

Lobster pasir (Panulirus homarus) merupakan salah satu spesies lobster yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dalam sumber daya perikanan kelautan Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan panjang-berat lobster pasir, dan nisbah kelamin P. homarus yang dibudidayakan dalam keramba jaring apung. Penelitian dengan metoda studi korelasional ini dilakukan di Keramba Jaring Apung PT. Royal Samudera Nusantara, Perairan Liwungan, Pandeglang, Banten, dengan sampel lobster sebanyak 93 ekor. Hasil perhitungan Perhitungan hubungan panjang-berat lobster pasir jantan pada keramba 1 yaitu W = 0,0004L2,51 dengan nilai b = 2,51 (b<3), dan lobster betina yaitu W = 0,0034L2,08 dengan nilai b = 2,08 (b<3). Hubungan panjang-berat lobster pasir jantan pada keramba 2 yaitu W = 0,0041L2,04 dengan nilai b = 2,04 (b<3), dan lobster betina yaitu W = 0,0012L2,28 dengan nilai b = 2,28 (b<3). Sehingga hubungan panjang-berat pada lobster pasir jantan maupun betina pada keramba 1 dan keramba 2 termasuk dalam kategori pola pertumbuhan allometrik negatif, dimana pertumbuhan panjang lebih cepat daripada pertumbuhan berat. Nisbah kelamin lobster pasir (P. homarus) pada keramba 1 sebesar 1:2,31 dan pada keramba 2 sebesar 1:0,92. Scalloped spiny lobster is a species of lobsters that has high economic value in Indonesia’s marine fishery resources. This research aimed to examined the morfometry and sex ratio of Scalloped Spiny Lobster (Panulirus homarus) cultivated in floating net cages. This study used morfometry analysis in PT. Royal Samudera Nusantara’s Cultivation Place, Liwungan, Pandeglang, Banten. Samples of lobster obtained 93 lobsters. Relationship of length-weight lobster for males in cage 1 was W = 0,0004L2,51 with b = 2,51 (b < 3) and for females was W = 0,0034L2,08 with b = 2,08 (b < 3), for males in cage 2 was W = 0,0041L2,04 with b = 2,04 (b < 3) and for females was W = 0,0012L2,28 with b = 2,28 (b < 3). The results of Scalloped Spiny Lobster morfometric for both males and females shows negative allometric, that carapace length growth faster than weight. Sex ratio Scalloped Spiny Lobster in cage 1 was 1:2,31 which shows that sex ratio is in unbalanced condition, and in cage 2 was 1:0,92 which shows that sex ratio is not significantly different and still in equal condition. Keywords: Scalloped Spiny Lobster; Morfometry; Sex Ratio.
Pengaruh Dosis Ekstrak Daun Jeruju (Acanthus ilicifious) Pada Pakan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Sintasan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Astiyani Wahyu Puji , Akbarurrasyid Muhammad , Prama Ega Aditya , Iskandar Andri , Kurniawan Galang Pandji 
Published: March 2022

Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) merupakan ikan konsumsi yang masih banyak di gemari oleh masyarakat. Produksi ikan nila saat ini terus dikembangkan guna untuk meningkatkan produksi perikanan budidaya. Ikan nila mempunyai keunggulan antara lain pertumbuhan yang cepat, toleran terhadap lingkungan dan tahan terhadap penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun jeruju yang diberikan pada pakan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan nila. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium basah Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Pangandaran dengan 4 perlakuan 3 kali ulangan dan menggunakan 20 ekor ikan pada setiap ulangan perlakuan. Perlakuan A 50 ml ekstrak daun jeruju + 1kg pelet ikan, Perlakuan B 100 ml ekstrak daun jeruju + 1kg pelet ikan ,Perlakuan C 150 ml ekstrak daun jeruju + 1kg pelet ikan dan (K) kontrol (tanpa pemberian ekstrak daun jeruju). Parameter yang diamati antara lain SGR (Spesific Growth Rate), pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, dan kelangsungan hidup (SR). Hasil penelitian menunjukan ekstrak daun jeruju memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR) ikan nila, pertumbuhan panjang mutlak dan SR ikan nila. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik tertinggi terjadi pada perlakuan C yaitu dengan dosis pemberian ekstrak daun jeruju 150 ml pada pelet ikan sebesar 0,16%, diikuti dengan panjang mutlak sebesar 2,42 cm dan Survival Rate 75%. Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a edible fish that many people still favorite. Tilapia production is currently being developed to increase aquaculture production. Tilapia has advantages such as rapid growth, environmental tolerance and disease resistance. This study aims to determine the effect of jeruju leaf extract given to feed to increase the growth of tilapia. This study was conducted in the wet laboratory of Pangandaran Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic with 4 treatments and 3 replications and with 20 fish in each treatment replication. Treatment A 50 ml jeruju leaf extract +1 kg fish pellets, Treatment B 100 ml jeruju leaf extract +1 kg fish pellets, Treatment C 150 ml jeruju leaf extract +1 kg fish pellets and (K) control (without administering jeruju leaf extract). The parameters observed were SGR (specific growth rate), absolute height growth and survival (SR). The results showed that jeruju leaf extract had an effect on the specific growth (SGR) of tilapia, absolute height growth and SR of tilapia. The highest specific growth rate occurred with treatment C with a 150 ml dose of jeruju leaf extract on fish pellets of 0.16%, followed by an absolute length of 2.42 cm and an Survival Rate of 75%.
Entwicklung und Durchsetzung der Monoflexion im 18. Jahrhundert
Authors: Sahel Said 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, it is argued that the principle of monoinflection governing the distribution of strong and weak adjective inflection in the New High German noun phrase (NP) definitively became established in the 18th century. Empirical evidence for this assumption is provided by the findings of three corpus studies based on the historical corpus ›Deutsches Textarchiv‹ (German Text Archive). Focusing on three different constructional types within the NP, the evolving distribution of strong and weak adjective inflection is studied for the period from 1600 to 1900. Based on the findings of the three corpus studies, further structural tendencies in the (re)organization of the New High German NP and their interaction with the principle of monoinflection are discussed.