bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrapartum Risk Factors and Prediction of Obstetric Hemorrhage–Related Morbidity
Authors: Abbas Diana , Wang Michelle J. , Claus Lindsey , Alexander Megan , Srivastava Akanksha , Young Sara , Tummala Swetha , Iverson Ronald , Yarrington Christina , Comfort Ashley 
Published: November 2022

Objective The aim of this study was to assess whether inclusion of intrapartum risk factors improves our obstetric hemorrhage risk stratification tool in predicting obstetric hemorrhage, transfusion, and related severe morbidity.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study using all live deliveries at a single institution over a 2-year period (n = 5,332). Obstetric hemorrhage risk factors, hemorrhage burden, and severe maternal morbidity index outcomes were assessed through chart abstraction. Hemorrhage risk was assessed at (1) “time of admission” through chart abstraction and (2) “predelivery” by calculation after inclusion of all abstracted intrapartum risk factors. Admission high risk was compared with predelivery high risk for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio in predicting obstetric hemorrhage, obstetric hemorrhage requiring transfusion, and obstetric hemorrhage–related severe morbidity. Significance levels were calculated using descriptive statistical methods including chi-squared tests and McNemar's tests.
Results The sensitivities of the risk assessment tool using admission risk classification for high-risk patients is 25% for obstetric hemorrhage, 37% for obstetric hemorrhage requiring transfusion, and 22% for obstetric hemorrhage–related severe morbidity. After intrapartum factor inclusion, the sensitivities increase to 55% for obstetric hemorrhage, 59% for obstetric hemorrhage requiring transfusion, and 47% for obstetric hemorrhage–related severe morbidity. This “predelivery” risk assessment is significantly more sensitive across all three end points (p < 0.001 for all three outcomes). While the positive likelihood ratios for obstetric hemorrhage are equal on admission and predelivery (2.10 on admission and predelivery), they increase after intrapartum factor inclusion for obstetric hemorrhage requiring transfusion and obstetric hemorrhage–related severe morbidity (on admission, 2.74 and 1.6, respectively, and predelivery: 4.57 and 3.58, respectively).
Conclusion Inclusion of intrapartum risk factors increases the accuracy of this obstetric hemorrhage risk stratification tool in predicting patients requiring hemorrhage management with transfusion and obstetric hemorrhage–related severe morbidity.
Key Points
Diagnostic reasoning in neurogenetics: a general approach
Authors: Fussiger Helena , Pedroso José Luiz , Saute Jonas Alex Morales 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEstablishing the definitive diagnosis of a neurogenetic disease is usually a complex task. However, like any type of clinical diagnostic reasoning, an organized process of development and consideration of diagnostic hypotheses may guide neurologists and medical geneticists to solve this difficult task. The aim of the present review is to propose a general method for diagnostic reasoning in neurogenetics, with the definition of the main neurological syndrome and its associated topographical diagnosis, followed by the identification of major and secondary neurological syndromes, extraneurological findings, and inheritance pattern. We also discuss general rules and knowledge requirements of the ordering physician to request genetic testing and information on how to interpret genetic variants in a genetic report. By guiding the requests for genetic testing according to an organized model of diagnostic reasoning and with the availability of specific treatments, clinicians may find greater resoluteness and efficacy in the diagnostic investigation, shortening the struggle of patients for a definitive diagnosis.
Bioflavonoid exerts analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects via transient receptor potential 1 channel in a rat model
Authors: Zarei Mohammad Mahdi , Abdolmaleki Zohreh , Shahidi Siamak 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Pain is an uncomfortable sensation in the body. Kaempferol is a flavonoid with antinociceptive effects. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have been characterized in the sensory system.
Objective This study evaluated the central antinociceptive effect of Kaempferol and possible mechanisms of action of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1).
Methods Capsaicin as a TRPV agonist (5 μg/μL, intracerebroventricular [ICV]) and capsazepine as its antagonist (10 μg/μL, icv) were used to test the analgesic effect of kaempferol (1.5 mg, ICV). Morphine (10 μg, ICV) was used as a positive control. The other groups were treated with a combination of kaempferol and capsaicin, kaempferol and capsazepine, and capsaicin and capsazepine. The cannula was implanted in the cerebroventricular area. The tail-flick, acetic acid, and formalin tests were used to assess analgesic activity. For evaluation of antiinflammatory effect, the formalin-induced rat paw edema was used.
Results Kaempferol significantly decreased pain in the acute pain models, including the tail-flick and the first phase of the formalin test. In the late phase of the formalin test, as a valid model of nociception, capsazepine inhibited the antinociceptive effect of kaempferol.
Conclusions Kaempferol has an analgesic effect in the acute pain model and can affect inflammatory pain. Also, the TRPV1 channel plays a role in the antinociceptive activity of kaempferol.
Symptomatic Radial-Sided Tears of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex: An All-Arthroscopic Repair Using Bone Anchors
Authors: Choudhury Muntasir M. , Yap Robert T. J. , Chia Dawn S. Y. , Sajeev Suraj , Alizada Ghulam S. , Jiang Jackson K. H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRadial-sided tears of the triangular fibrocartilage, though uncommon, can still be a reason for ulnar-sided wrist pain, and, at times, instability of the distal radioulnar joint. Historically, it has been believed that because of the paucity of vascularity along the radial edge of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC), any form of repair will not lead to healing, thus stating it to be an exercise in futility. Current literature deftly argues against this previously prevailing concept and supports the need of repair in case of symptomatic radial-sided TFCC tears. In our study, we describe an all-arthroscopic technique of repairing radial-sided tears using a bone anchor which can be a fast and simple procedure in the hands of an orthopaedic or hand surgeon trained in arthroscopy. This technique also circumvents the risk of injuring the superficial radial nerve and other radial-sided structures which are stated complications of the current arthroscopic repairs.
Carpal Tunnel Release Performed during Distal Radius Fracture Surgery
Authors: Rothman Alyssa , Samineni Aneesh V. , Sing David C. , Zhang Joanne Y. , Stein Andrew B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Carpal tunnel release (CTR) may be concomitantly performed along with distal radius fracture open reduction internal fixation (DRF ORIF) to prevent carpal tunnel syndrome; however, there is little to no literature investigating the rate, risk factors, and complications associated with CTR.
Questions/Purposes The purpose was to determine (1) the rate of CTR performed at time of DRF ORIF, (2) factors associated with CTR, and (3) whether CTR was associated with any complications.
Patients and Methods In this case-control study, adult patients who underwent DRF ORIF from 2014 to 2018 were identified from a national surgical database. Two cohorts were analyzed, (1) patients with CTR and (2) patients without CTR. Preoperative characteristics and postoperative complications were compared with determine factors associated with CTR.
Results Of the 18,466 patients, 769 (4.2%) had CTR. Rates of CTR in patients with intra-articular fractures with two or three fragments were significantly higher than the rate of CTR for patients with extra-articular fractures. Underweight patients underwent CTR at a significantly lower rate compared with overweight and obese patients. The American Society of Anesthesiologists ≥3 was associated with a higher rate of CTR. Male and older patients were less likely to have CTR.
Conclusion The rate of CTR at time of DRF ORIF was 4.2%. Intra-articular fractures with multiple fragments were strongly associated with CTR at time of DRF ORIF, while being underweight, elderly, and male were associated with lower rates of CTR. These findings should be considered when developing clinical guidelines to assess the need for CTR in patients undergoing DRF ORIF. This is a retrospective case control study and reflects level of evidence III.
Clinical Results of Arthroscopic Resection of Dorsal Wrist Ganglion with a Minimum of 3 Years Follow-up
Authors: Saremi Hossein , bolbanabad Mohammad Mohammadi , Abdollahian Amir Reza , Mohammadi Younes 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction Ganglion cysts are the most common benign tumors of the wrist. Their arthroscopic resection is becoming common. However, there are a limited number of studies comparing arthroscopic and open surgeries. This study evaluated the subjective and objective results of arthroscopy with a minimum of 3 years follow-up.
Patients and Methods Patients with dorsal wrist ganglion who underwent arthroscopic ganglionectomy were evaluated regarding pain (using visual analog scale) and satisfaction as subjective results. We also evaluated their scar (with the Vancouver scar scale), range of motion, and recurrence as objective results.
Results There were 20 patients in the study. Mean of follow-up time was 52.5 months. Recurrence rate was 5%, and visual analog scale of pain decreased from 3.7 to 0.5 at the final follow-up. Sixteen patients were completely satisfied, three patients were partially satisfied, and one patient was unsatisfied. The mean of Vancouver scar scale was 1.4 (range of 0–3). Improvement in range of flexion and extension of the wrist was significant without a significant complication.
Conclusion Arthroscopic excision of dorsal wrist ganglion in the way described in this study is a safe and effective method that improves pain and range of motion of the wrist without major complications. The rate of recurrence was less than those reported for open surgery in long-term follow-up. The surgery scar has a promising score in Vancouver scar scale.
Is There a Relationship between Optic Nerve and Chiasm Measurements with HbA1c Levels in Diabetic Patients?
Authors: Bekin Sarıkaya Pelin Zeynep , Bayar Muluk Nuray , Özdemır Adnan , Güngüneş Aşkın 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives We investigated the optic nerve (ON) and chiasm (OC) in magnetic resonance (MR) in diabetic patients by comparing them with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.
Methods In this retrospective study, cranial MRIs of 42 adults (19 males and 23 females) with diabetes mellitus (DM) (group1) and 40 healthy controls (19 males and 21 females) (group 2) were included. In both groups, bilateral ON widths and OC area, width, and height were measured. In the DM group, HbA1c values were also obtained at the time of MRI or within the same month.
Results In the DM group, the mean of the HbA1c values was 8.31 ± 2.51%. There were no significant differences between ON diameter; and OC area, width and height of the DM and control groups (p > 0.05). In each of the DM and control groups, ON diameter was not different between the right and left sides (p > 0.05). In DM groups, correlation tests showed that there were positive correlations between right and left ON diameters, OC area and OC width, and OC height (p < 0.05). In males, ON diameters were higher than those in females bilaterally (p < 0.05). In patients with higher HbA1c values, OC width was smaller (p < 0.05).
Conclusion A significant correlation of OC width and HbA1c levels suggests that uncontrolled DM causes ON atrophy. Our study represents a thorough assessment of OC measures using standard brain MRI to evaluate optic degeneration in DM patients and shows that the OC width measurement is suitable and reliable. This simple method can be obtained from clinically available scans.
A compact mesoband microwave radiation system
Authors: Wu Zhaoyang , Xu Gang , Lu Wei , Ding Enyan , Zhang Jinqi 
Published: November 2022

A compact mesoband radiation system is designed and tested. The system is composed of a charging power supply, a Marx generator, a switched quarter-wavelength oscillator, and a circularly polarized patch antenna. The Marx generator outputs a fast high-voltage pulse with a rise time of 10 ns and an amplitude of 100 kV, which is used to charge the oscillator. The oscillator consists of a quarter-wavelength coaxial transmission line, a ring ground switch, and a coupler. It generates a mesoband oscillation pulse with a center frequency of 350 MHz and a percentage bandwidth of 10%. The oscillation pulse is radiated by the circularly polarized patch antenna. The measured radiation factor is greater than 50 kV, and the radiation waveform is consistent with the simulation waveform.
Spinor solutions of a Chern–Simons model for the superconformal algebra
Authors: Alvarez Pedro D , Ortiz Juan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present analytical solutions for homogenous and isotropic spaces of the supersymmetric Chern–Simons model with matter in the adjoint representation. The configurations that we found correspond to a gravitating spinor content and torsion is also present. The spinor behaves like dark energy in the sense that drives an exponential expansion. The solution found can be seen as an anisotropic fluid.
A spintronic analog of the Landauer residual resistivity dipole on the surface of a topological insulator containing a line defect
*
Authors: Fabiha Raisa , Bandyopadhyay Supriyo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Landauer ‘residual resistivity dipole’ is a well-known concept in electron transport through a disordered medium. It is formed when a defect/scatterer reflects an impinging electron causing negative charges to build up on one side of the scatterer and positive charges on the other. This charge imbalance results in the formation of a microscopic electric dipole that affects the electrical resistivity of the medium. Here, we show that an equivalent entity forms in spin polarized electron transport on the surface of a real topological insulator (TI) such as Bi2Te3 containing a line defect. When electrons reflect from such a scatterer, a local spin imbalance forms owing to spin accumulation on one side and depletion on the other side of the scatterer, resulting in a spin current that flows either in the same or in the opposite direction as the injected spin current, and hence, either decreases or increases the spin resistivity. Spatially varying local magnetic fields appear in the vicinity of the scatter, which will cause transiting spins to precess and emit electromagnetic waves. If the current injected into the TI is an alternating current, then the magnetic field’s polarity will oscillate in time with the frequency of the current and if the spins can follow quasi-statically, then they will radiate electromagnetic waves of the same frequency, thereby making the scatterer act as a miniature antenna.
Structure-preserved meta-learning uniting network for improving low-dose CT quality
Authors: Zhu Manman , Mao Zerui , Li Danyang , Wang Yongbo , Zeng Dong , Bian Zhaoying , Ma Jianhua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Deep neural network (DNN) based methods have shown promising performances for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) imaging. However, most of the DNN-based methods are trained on simulated labeled datasets, and the low-dose simulation algorithms are usually designed based on simple statistical models which deviate from the real clinical scenarios, which could lead to issues of overfitting, instability and poor robustness. To address these issues, in this work, we present a structure-preserved meta-learning uniting network (shorten as ‘SMU-Net’) to suppress noise-induced artifacts and preserve structure details in the unlabeled LDCT imaging task in real scenarios. Approach. Specifically, the presented SMU-Net contains two networks, i.e., teacher network and student network. The teacher network is trained on simulated labeled dataset and then helps the student network train with the unlabeled LDCT images via the meta-learning strategy. The student network is trained on real LDCT dataset with the pseudo-labels generated by the teacher network. Moreover, the student network adopts the Co-teaching strategy to improve the robustness of the presented SMU-Net. Main results. We validate the proposed SMU-Net method on three public datasets and one real low-dose dataset. The visual image results indicate that the proposed SMU-Net has superior performance on reducing noise-induced artifacts and preserving structure details. And the quantitative results exhibit that the presented SMU-Net method generally obtains the highest signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), the highest structural similarity index measurement (SSIM), and the lowest root-mean-square error (RMSE) values or the lowest natural image quality evaluator (NIQE) scores. Significance. We propose a meta learning strategy to obtain high-quality CT images in the LDCT imaging task, which is designed to take advantage of unlabeled CT images to promote the reconstruction performance in the LDCT environments.
Morphing wing design using integrated and distributed trailing edge morphing
Authors: Mkhoyan Tigran , Thakrar Nisarg R , De Breuker Roeland , Sodja Jurij 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The presented study investigates the design and development of an autonomous morphing wing concept developed in the scope of the SmartX project, which aims to demonstrate in-flight performance optimisation with active morphing. To progress this goal, a novel distributed morphing concept with six translation induced camber morphing trailing edge modules is proposed in this study. The modules are interconnected using elastomeric skin segments to allow seamless variation of local lift distribution along the wingspan. A fluid-structure interaction optimisation tool is developed to produce an optimised laminate design considering the ply orientation, laminate thickness, laminate properties and actuation loads of the module. Analysis of the kinematic model of the integrated actuator system is performed, and a design is achieved, which meets the required continuous load and fulfils both static and dynamic requirements in terms of bandwidth and peak actuator torque with conventional actuators. The morphing design is validated using digital image correlation measurements of the morphing modules. Characterisation of mechanical losses in the actuator mechanism is performed. Out-of-plane deformations in the bottom skin and added stiffness of the elastomer are identified as the impacting factors of the reduced tip deflection.
Numerical and experimental study of a novel GER fluid damper based on helical duct flow
Authors: Zhao Jinglei , Cao Xijun , Jing Yan , Chen Xu , Bai Ruqing , Yi Jin , Luo Jun , Pu Huayan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The benefits of giant electrorheological fluids (GER fluids) have been harnessed to enhance their effect in damping force generation. However, few results have been reported on the issue of taking advantage of a helical duct flow in improving the performance of a GER-based damper in generating and tuning damping effects. In this study, an innovative GER fluid-based damper with helical flow ducts is proposed. The proposed flow mode can achieve a greater pressure gradient during operation, and, thus, improve the damping performance by enlargement of the length of the active region with more compact dimensions. A mathematical model aiming to explain the mechanical properties of the damper is investigated based on the continuity equation and Navier–Stokes equations. Then, simulation studies based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solvers are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the mathematical model. Additionally, an experimental prototype of the GER fluid damper is fabricated, and damping force measurements under different excitations are carried out. The experimental results agree well with the results obtained from theoretical analysis and CFD solvers. The regulation coefficient that illustrates the tunable range of the damping force is found to reach a value of eight times under an electric field ranging from 0 to 1 kV mm−1.
Designing disordered multi-functional metamaterials using the discrete dipole approximation
Authors: Capers J R , Boyes S J , Hibbins A P , Horsley S A R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The ability to design passive structures that perform different operations on different electromagnetic fields is key to many technologies, from beam-steering to optical computing. While many techniques have been developed to optimise structures to achieve specific functionality through inverse design, designing multi-function materials remains challenging. We present a semi-analytic method, based on the discrete dipole approximation, to design multi-functional metamaterials. To demonstrate the generality of our method, we present two key examples. Firstly, we work at optical wavelengths to design a disordered 2D arrangement of silicon spheres that beams light into different directions depending on the source polarisation. Secondly, we design a 3D device that works at microwave wavelengths and sorts plane waves by their angle of incidence. In this case, the scatterers are more complicated meta-atoms, with a strong dipole resonance at microwave frequencies.
Self-consistent description of Bose–Bose droplets: modified gapless Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov method
Authors: Zin Paweł , Pylak Maciej , Idziaszek Zbigniew , Gajda Mariusz 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We define a formalism of a self-consistent description of the ground state of a weakly interacting Bose system, accounting for higher order terms in expansion of energy in the diluteness parameter. The approach is designed to be applied to a Bose–Bose mixture in a regime of weak collapse where quantum fluctuations lead to stabilization of the system and formation of quantum liquid droplets. The approach is based on the generalized Gross–Pitaevskii equation accounting for quantum depletion and renormalized anomalous density terms. The equation is self-consistently coupled to modified Bogoliubov equations. We derive well defined procedure to calculate the zero temperature renormalized anomalous density—the quantity needed to correctly describe the formation of quantum liquid droplet. We pay particular attention to the case of droplets harmonically confined in some directions. The method allows to determine the Lee–Huang–Yang-type contribution to the chemical potential of inhomogeneous droplets when the local density approximation fails.