bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the government exhausting its powers? An empirical examination of eminent domain exercises in New York City pre‐ and post‐Kelo
Authors: Levine‐Schnur Ronit 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA controversial U.S. Supreme Court decision inKelo v. City of New London(2005) which did not limit the use of state's eminent domain powers, led to an unprecedented legislative reaction by almost all 50 states. Of all, New York State stands out as one of the single states not to respond with a legislative amendment. In this study, I ask whether the state's predation was greater in the years following these legal and political developments, in light of the freedom which was granted to local politicians by both the Supreme Court and the state's legislators. The article hypothesizes that contrary to common perceptions, judicial decisions impact local government actions even when no limits on the use of powers are being posed. I use rigorous statistics and scrupulously defined data to expand scholarly understanding of the aftermath of the judicial decision in Kelo. The main finding is that the decision has in fact affected political behavior, but in the opposite direction than commonly expected: politicians in New York City acted consistently with public opinion, which was hostile tooKelo, not by changing the law, but by changing their practice. Studying all known taking exercises in New York City between 1991 and 2019, the paper finds no increase in the number of development projects involving condemnations after 2005. In fact, the probability of a taking for economic development or urban renewal dropped by 90%. The use of eminent domain for such projects declined even when both state and federal courts refrain from interposing any actual limit on its use. The paper lends qualified support to an alternative assertion that takings decisions by government officials are largely shaped by planning and political needs and that officials are sensitive to revealed public preferences even when there is no constitutional or legal impediment on their exercise of power.
Retrospective evaluation of canine primary, multicentric, and metastatic intraocular neoplasia
Authors: Krieger Emily M. , Pumphrey Stephanie A. , Wood Carrie A. , Mouser Pamela J. , Robinson Nicholas A. , Maggio Federica 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo provide an updated characterization of the prevalence of primary, multicentric, and metastatic intraocular tumors in the canine patient.ProceduresMedical records databases from 4 veterinary referral hospitals were reviewed from 1999 to present to identify dogs with a diagnosis of intraocular neoplasia histopathologically confirmed following enucleation or necropsy.ResultsOne hundred seventy‐two dogs with 173 intraocular neoplasms met the inclusion criteria. Primary intraocular neoplasms were the most common tumors in the study (128); the two most common types were melanocytic neoplasia (90), followed by iridociliary neoplasia (33). There were 28 cases of intraocular involvement secondary to round cell neoplasia, with 18 cases of lymphoma, seven histiocytic sarcomas, and three undifferentiated round cell neoplasms. There were 17 cases of metastatic intraocular neoplasia, with hemangiosarcoma being the most common (9).ConclusionsThe majority of intraocular tumors in dogs arise from the ocular tissues. However, the eye may also be involved in patients with multicentric neoplasia, and, less commonly, as a site for metastatic disease. Ocular screening for patients with multicentric neoplasia should be considered during staging, and ocular signs should be viewed with suspicion in dogs with neoplasia in other sites.
Vivienda de interés social y dotación de equipamiento: tecnologías de poder en Ciudad Satélite
Authors: López Mares Lourdes Marcela , Alva Fuentes Benjamín Fidel 
Published: April 2022

El equipamiento local en desarrollos de vivienda social en periferia es un elemento central para comercializar la vivienda, además de mejorar la calidad de vida de los residentes, por ello, existen actores que buscan controlar su provisión mediante diversas estrategias de poder. En este trabajo analizamos, con un enfoque cualitativo, las estrategias de tres colonias de Ciudad Satélite, desarrollo habitacional ubicado en la periferia de San Luis Potosí, México.
Los casos evidencian la forma cómo el sector público ejerce un poder grandilocuente, y el sector privado otro que busca controlar el comportamiento de los residentes sin ser coercitivo. Por su parte, los residentes cuestionan las formas de poder mediante prácticas de apropiación y producción de espacio para adaptarlo a sus necesidades. Los hallazgos apoyan el diseño de políticas públicas, en la medida que acercan las necesidades cotidianas, con la planeación y la producción de vivienda social
Evolving views of West Avalonia: Perspectives from southeastern New England, USA
Authors: Thompson* M.D. , Barr S.M. , Pollock J.C. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Southeastern New England is largely composed of Ediacaran granitoid and related volcanic rocks formed during the main phase of arc-related magmatism recorded in West Avalonian lithotectonic assemblages extending through Atlantic Canada to eastern Newfoundland. In situ Lu-Hf analyses presented here for zircons from the Dedham, Milford, and Esmond Granites and from the Lynn-Mattapan volcanic complex show a restricted range of εHf values (+2 to +5) and associated Hf-TDM model ages of 1.3–0.9 Ga, assuming felsic crustal sources. The most evolved granites within this suite lie in a belt north and west of the Boston Basin, whereas upfaulted granites on the south, as well as the slightly younger volcanic units, show more juvenile Hf isotopic compositions. Similar inferences have been drawn from previously published Sm-Nd isotopic signatures for several of the same plutons. Collectively, the isotopic compositions and high-precision U-Pb geochronological constraints now available for southeastern New England differ in important respects from patterns in the Mira terrane of Cape Breton Island or the Newfoundland Avalon zone, but they closely resemble those documented in the Cobequid and Antigonish Highlands of mainland Nova Scotia and New Brunswick’s Caledonia terrane. Particularly significant features are similarities between the younger than 912 Ma Westboro Formation in New England and the younger than 945 Ma Gamble Brook Formation in the Cobequid Highlands, both of which yield detrital zircon age spectra consistent with sources on the Timanide margin of Baltica. This relationship provides the starting point for a recent model in which episodic West Avalonian arc magmatism began along the Tonian margin of Baltica and terminated during diachronous late Ediacaran arc-arc collision with the Ganderian margin of Gondwana.
Seismic emissions reveal the mechanical stratigraphy of the Middle Paleozoic section under the Appalachian Plateau, Pennsylvania
Authors: Engelder* Terry , Vermilye Jan , Lacazette Alfred , Geiser Peter , Sicking Charles , Hooker John N. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
The Middle Paleozoic section of the Appalachian Plateau exhibits a mechanical stratigraphy defined by layers that emit seismic energy with unique signatures in response to a strain energy accumulated on time scales associated with local, regional, and plate-scale processes. The Earth is in a state of frictional equilibrium, which means that even small changes in effective stress cause brittle failure and the concomitant release of ambient seismic energy. Stress changes as low as 0.001 MPa, the level of stress changes during Earth tides or the transmission of a fluid pressure wave, can activate failure on critically oriented fractures. These phenomena lead to a release of ambient seismic energy, which can be mapped using seismic emission tomography (SET) methods to image fracture networks emitting coherent seismic waves. We used a buried array of 54 sondes to identify active fracture networks over a contiguous volume of 3.76 km3 within Middle Paleozoic rocks hosting two Marcellus gas shale wells drilled under the Appalachian Plateau of Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, USA. We sampled ambient seismic emissions before and after two stimulations and found that the pattern was repeatable. The fracture patterns illuminated by ambient seismic emissions defined a mechanical stratigraphy populated by clouds of seismic activity separated by packages of beds emitting relatively less seismic energy. The unique attribute of the beds emitting less seismic energy is a lower least horizontal stress (Shmin) relative to adjacent mechanical units in the section. These low stress beds include the bottom portion of both the Marcellus and Burket/Geneseo black shales. There are three thicker mechanical units carrying clouds of higher energy emissions. These three units include siltstones of the Brallier above the Burket/Geneseo package, silty shale beds of the Mahantango between the Marcellus and Burket/Geneseo packages, and Silurian-Devonian carbonates below the Marcellus package. In map view, emission patterns in the Brallier follow Alleghanian J2 joints. Patterns in the Mahantango are consistent with slip along columnar joint zones like those cutting upward in outcrops of shale on the Appalachian Plateau. In sum, SET reveals a mechanical stratigraphy based on the release of strain energy from three major units of the Middle Paleozoic section.
The Fight for Economic Reform in Russia, 1990–1991
Authors: Malkhozova F. V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article researches not a big, but an important period in the modern history of Russia, which became a transitional stage from a socialist to a market economy. It analyzes the main characteristics of the country’s economy and the circumstances of the transition to the market. The leading role in transforming the economic and political system belonged to the Congress of People’s Deputies of Russia. The “economic” sovereignty of the republic has become the core of Russia’s state sovereignty. The implementation of the declaration required changes in legislation and the management system. Freedom of entrepreneurship, banking, loans, and other innovations have set the task of creating clear and reliable forms of property rights and corresponding guarantees of the state. Normative legal acts of the Congress of People’s Deputies of the RSFSR and the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR adopted to establish Russia’s economic independence and the transition to market relations caused a “war” of laws, in which the presidents of the USSR and Russia, Union and Russian deputies, ministers and regional leaders participated.
Evaluation of the Retinopathy of Prematurity Activity Scale (ROP-ActS) in a randomised controlled trial aiming for prevention of severe ROP: a substudy of the Mega Donna Mega trial
Authors: Pivodic Aldina , Johansson Helena , Smith Lois EH , Löfqvist Chatarina , Albertsson-Wikland Kerstin , Nilsson Staffan , Hellström Ann 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThe current grading of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) does not sufficiently discriminate disease severity for evaluation of trial interventions. The published ROP Activity Scales (original: ROP-ActS and modified: mROP-ActS), describing increasing severity of ROP, versus the categorical variables severe ROP, stage, zone and plus disease were evaluated as discriminators of the effect of an ROP preventive treatment.Methods and analysisThe Mega Donna Mega trial investigated ROP in infants born <28-week gestational age (GA), randomised to arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation or no supplementation. Of 207 infants, 86% with finalised ROP screening were included in this substudy. ROP-ActS versus standard variables were evaluated using Fisher’s non-parametric permutation test, multivariable logistic and linear regression and marginal fractional response models.ResultsThe AA:DHA group (n=84) and the control group (n=93) were well balanced. The maximum ROP-ActS measurement was numerically but not significantly lower in the AA:DHA group (mean: 4.0 (95% CI 2.9 to 5.0)) versus the control group (mean: 5.3 (95% CI 4.1 to 6.4)), p=0.11. In infants with any ROP, the corresponding scale measurements were 6.8 (95% CI 5.4 to 8.2) and 8.7 (95% CI 7.5 to 10.0), p=0.039. Longitudinal profiles of the scale were visually distinguished for the categories of sex and GA for the intervention versus control.ConclusionsThe preventive effect of AA:DHA supplementation versus no supplementation was better discriminated by the trial’s primary outcome, severe ROP, than by ROP-ActS. The sensitivity and the linear qualities of ROP-ActS require further validations on large data sets and perhaps modifications.Trial registration numberNCT03201588.
Ten cases of intradiaphragmatic extralobar pulmonary sequestration: a single-center experience
Authors: Gao Yue , Han Xu , Jin Jie , Tan Zheng 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundIntradiaphragmatic extralobar pulmonary sequestration (IDEPS) is a rare type of pulmonary sequestration (PS). The purpose of this study is to assess diagnosis and operative treatment of IDEPS.MethodsPatients with PS who were diagnosed and treated in our center from January 2015 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively to identify patients with IDEPS.ResultsTotally, 215 patients with PS were treated surgically, including 10 cases with IDEPS. Prenatal ultrasounds and postnatal-enhanced CT showed the presence of IDEPS in four cases and in seven cases, respectively. The three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction software was performed perfectly to identify the location of the lesions in 10 cases. The surgeries were performed smoothly by laparoscopic surgery in one case, video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) in five cases and Da Vinci robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (DVRATS) in four cases. In the VATS group, the average operative duration, intraoperative blood loss volume, length of stay after operation, and postoperative thoracic catheter indwelling duration were 48 min, 3.8 mL, 6.4 days and 2.2 days, respectively. That of the DVRATS group were 80 min, 3.5 mL, 4.3 days and 1.5 days, respectively. No side effects had appeared.ConclusionsThe 3D reconstruction software was proven to be capable in assisting the assessment of IDEPS. We suggested early surgery to treat IDEPS, and the best path was accessing the mass from the chest. Both DVRATS and VATS for the treatment of an IDEPS are safe, feasible, and effective. Furthermore, DVRATS provides a 3D magnified view, more flexibility and precision.
Structure, Dynamics, and Impact of Replication Stress–Induced Structural Variants in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Bayard Quentin , Cordier Pierre , Péneau Camille , Imbeaud Sandrine , Hirsch Theo Z. , Renault Victor , Nault Jean-Charles , Blanc Jean-Frédéric , Calderaro Julien , Desdouets Chantal , Zucman-Rossi Jessica , Letouzé Eric 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Oncogene activation leads to replication stress and promotes genomic instability. Here we combine optical mapping and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to explore in depth the nature of structural variants (SV) induced by replication stress in cyclin-activated hepatocellular carcinomas (CCN-HCC). In addition to classical tandem duplications, CCN-HCC displayed frequent intra-chromosomal and interchromosomal templated insertion cycles (TIC), likely resulting from template switching events. Template switching preferentially involves active topologically associated domains that are proximal to one another within the 3D genome. Template sizes depend on the type of cyclin activation and are coordinated within each TIC. Replication stress induced continuous accumulation of SVs during CCN-HCC progression, fostering the acquisition of new driver alterations and large-scale copy-number changes at TIC borders. Together, this analysis sheds light on the mechanisms, dynamics, and consequences of SV accumulation in tumors with oncogene-induced replication stress.

Significance:
Optical mapping and whole-genome sequencing integration unravels a unique signature of replication stress–induced structural variants that drive genomic evolution and the acquisition of driver events in CCN-HCC.
Distinct Immune Gene Programs Associated with Host Tumor Immunity, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, and Chemoimmunotherapy in Resectable NSCLC
Authors: Rocha Pedro , Zhang Jiexin , Laza-Briviesca Raquel , Cruz-Bermúdez Alberto , Bota-Rabassedas Neus , Sanchez-Espiridon Beatriz , Yoshimura Katsuhiro , Behrens Carmen , Lu Wei , Tang Ximing , Pataer Apar , Parra Edwin R. , Haymaker Cara , Fujimoto Junya , Swisher Stephen G. , Heymach John V. , Gibbons Don L. , Lee J. Jack , Sepesi Boris , Cascone Tina , Solis Luisa M. , Provencio Mariano , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Kadara Humam 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Our understanding of the immunopathology of resectable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still limited. Here, we explore immune programs that inform of tumor immunity and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in localized NSCLC.

Experimental Design:
Targeted immune gene sequencing using the HTG Precision Immuno-Oncology panel was performed in localized NSCLCs from three cohorts based on treatment: naïve (n = 190), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 38), and neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (n = 21). Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) phenotypes were based on the location of CD8+ T cells (inflamed, cold, excluded), tumoral PD-L1 expression (&lt;1% and ≥1%), and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). Immune programs and signatures were statistically analyzed on the basis of tumoral PD-L1 expression, immune phenotypes, and pathologic response and were cross-compared across the three cohorts.

Results:
PD-L1–positive tumors exhibited increased signature scores for various lymphoid and myeloid cell subsets (P &lt; 0.05). TIME phenotypes exhibited disparate frequencies by stage, PD-L1 expression, and mutational burden. Inflamed and PD-L1+/TILs+ NSCLCs displayed overall significantly heightened levels of immune signatures, with the excluded group representing an intermediate state. A cytotoxic T-cell signature was associated with favorable survival in neoadjuvant chemotherapy–treated NSCLCs (P &lt; 0.05). Pathologic response to chemoimmunotherapy was positively associated with higher expression of genes involved in immune activation, chemotaxis, as well as T and natural killer cells (P &lt; 0.05 for all). Among the three cohorts, chemoimmunotherapy-treated NSCLCs exhibited the highest scores for various immune cell subsets including T effector and B cells (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions:
Our findings highlight immune gene programs that may underlie host tumor immunity and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in resectable NSCLC.
Circulating Immune Cell and Outcome Analysis from the Phase II Study of PD-L1 Blockade with Durvalumab for Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: Nayak Lakshmi , Standifer Nathan , Dietrich Jorg , Clarke Jennifer L. , Dunn Gavin P. , Lim Michael , Cloughesy Timothy , Gan Hui K. , Flagg Elizabeth , George Elizabeth , Gaffey Sarah , Hayden Julia , Holcroft Christina , Wen Patrick Y. , Macri Mary , Park Andrew J. , Ricciardi Toni , Ryan Aileen , Schwarzenberger Paul , Venhaus Ralph , Reyes Melissa de los , Durham Nicholas M. , Creasy Todd , Huang Raymond Y. , Kaley Thomas , Reardon David A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
PD-L1 is upregulated in glioblastoma and supports immunosuppression. We evaluated PD-L1 blockade with durvalumab among glioblastoma cohorts and investigated potential biomarkers.

Patients and Methods:
MGMT unmethylated newly diagnosed patients received radiotherapy plus durvalumab (cohort A; n = 40). Bevacizumab-naïve, recurrent patients received durvalumab alone (cohort B; n = 31) or in combination with standard bevacizumab (cohort B2; n = 33) or low-dose bevacizumab (cohort B3; n = 33). Bevacizumab-refractory patients received durvalumab plus bevacizumab (cohort C; n = 22). Primary endpoints were: OS-12 (A), PFS-6 (B, B2, B3), and OS-6 (C). Exploratory biomarkers included: a systematic, quantitative, and phenotypic evaluation of circulating immune cells; tumor mutational burden (TMB); and tumor immune activation signature (IAS).

Results:
No cohort achieved the primary efficacy endpoint. Outcome was comparable among recurrent, bevacizumab-naïve cohorts. No unexpected toxicities were observed. A widespread reduction of effector immune cell subsets was noted among recurrent patients compared with newly diagnosed patients that was partially due to dexamethasone use. A trend of increased CD8+Ki67+ T cells at day 15 was noted among patients who achieved the primary endpoint and were not on dexamethasone. Neither TMB nor IAS predicted outcome.

Conclusions:
Patients with recurrent glioblastoma have markedly lower baseline levels of multiple circulating immune cell subsets compared with newly diagnosed patients. An early increase in systemic Ki67+CD8+ cells may warrant further evaluation as a potential biomarker of therapeutic benefit among patients with glioblastoma undergoing checkpoint therapy. Dexamethasone decreased immune cell subsets. PD-L1 blockade and combination with standard or reduced dose bevacizumab was ineffective.
Spatial Metabolomics Identifies Distinct Tumor-Specific Subtypes in Gastric Cancer Patients
Authors: Wang Jun , Kunzke Thomas , Prade Verena M. , Shen Jian , Buck Achim , Feuchtinger Annette , Haffner Ivonne , Luber Birgit , Liu Drolaiz H.W. , Langer Rupert , Lordick Florian , Sun Na , Walch Axel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Current systems of gastric cancer molecular classification include genomic, molecular, and morphological features. Gastric cancer classification based on tissue metabolomics remains lacking. This study aimed to define metabolically distinct gastric cancer subtypes and identify their clinicopathological and molecular characteristics.

Experimental Design:
Spatial metabolomics by high mass resolution imaging mass spectrometry was performed in 362 patients with gastric cancer. K−means clustering was used to define tumor and stroma-related subtypes based on tissue metabolites. The identified subtypes were linked with clinicopathological characteristics, molecular features, and metabolic signatures. Responses to trastuzumab treatment were investigated across the subtypes by introducing an independent patient cohort with HER2-positive gastric cancer from a multicenter observational study.

Results:
Three tumor- and three stroma-specific subtypes with distinct tissue metabolite patterns were identified. Tumor-specific subtype T1(HER2+MIB+CD3+) positively correlated with HER2, MIB1, DEFA-1, CD3, CD8, FOXP3, but negatively correlated with MMR. Tumor-specific subtype T2(HER2−MIB−CD3−) negatively correlated with HER2, MIB1, CD3, FOXP3, but positively correlated with MMR. Tumor-specific subtype T3(pEGFR+) positively correlated with pEGFR. Patients with tumor subtype T1(HER2+MIB+CD3+) had elevated nucleotide levels, enhanced DNA metabolism, and a better prognosis than T2(HER2−MIB−CD3−) and T3(pEGFR+). An independent validation cohort confirmed that the T1 subtype benefited from trastuzumab therapy. Stroma-specific subtypes had no association with clinicopathological characteristics, however, linked to distinct metabolic pathways and molecular features.

Conclusions:
Patient subtypes derived by tissue-based spatial metabolomics are a valuable addition to existing gastric cancer molecular classification systems. Metabolic differences between the subtypes and their associations with molecular features could provide a valuable tool to aid in selecting specific treatment approaches.
An Ascendant Challenge: Central Nervous System Metastases in ALK+ Lung Cancers
Authors: Murciano-Goroff Yonina R. , Harada Guilherme , Drilon Alexander 
Published: April 2022

Summary
Central nervous system (CNS) metastases constitute a challenge for the design of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion–positive lung cancer trials. The ASCEND-7 study of ceritinib demonstrates the feasibility of broadening CNS eligibility criteria to include symptomatic brain and leptomeningeal disease and highlights design features that contemporary trials will need to incorporate.
See related article by Chow et al., p. 2506