bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antiracism and Community-Based Participatory Research: Synergies, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Fleming Paul J. , Stone Lisa Cacari , Creary Melissa S. , Greene-Moton Ella , Israel Barbara A. , Key Kent D. , Reyes Angela G. , Wallerstein Nina , Schulz Amy J. 
Published: December 2022

Structural racism causes stark health inequities and operates at every level of society, including the academic and governmental entities that support health research and practice. We argue that health research institutions must invest in research that actively disrupts racial hierarchies, with leadership from racially marginalized communities and scholars. We highlight synergies between antiracist principles and community-based participatory research (CBPR), examine the potential for CBPR to promote antiracist research and praxis, illustrate structural barriers to antiracist CBPR praxis, and offer examples of CBPR actions taken to disrupt structural racism. We make recommendations for the next generation of antiracist CBPR, including modify health research funding to center the priorities of racially marginalized communities, support sustained commitments and accountability to those communities by funders and research institutions, distribute research funds equitably across community and academic institutions, amplify antiracist praxis through translation of research to policy, and adopt institutional practices that support reflection and adaptation of CBPR to align with emergent community priorities and antiracist practices. A critical application of CBPR principles offers pathways to transforming institutional practices that reproduce and reinforce racial inequities. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(1):70–78. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307114 )
Dampak Pembelajaran Daring di Era Pandemi Covid-19 pada Mahasiswa Tadris Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam IAIN Ponorogo
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Sari Fika Septiana 
Published: December 2022

Pandemi virus Covid-19 yang melanda banyak negara di dunia termasuk di Indonesia memberikan bebagai pengaruh di bidang pemerintahan Indonesia termasuk pada bidang pendidikan. Pembelajaran dengan sistem daring merupakan sebuah solusi dari pemerintah untuk menanggulangi penyebaran dari virus ini agar pendidikan tetap dapat berjalan. Namun, dalam pelaksanaannya pembelajaran daring ini juga berdampak pada berbagai aspek dalam perkuliahan mahasiswa. Oleh karena itu peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian tentang apa saja dampak dari pembelajaran daring ini pada mahasiswa Tadris IPA IAIN Ponorogo. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik wawancara dan survey terhadap responden yaitu mahasiswa IAIN Ponorogo dari angkatan 2017-2020. Hasil dan kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan pembelajaran daring memberikan dampak yang positif seperti menjaga jarak agar terhindar dari virus Covid-19, menambah pengalaman dengan sistem pembelajaran baru, dan menghemat anggararn dalam melaksanakan perkuliahan. Sedangkan dampak negatif dari sistem daring ini adalah bisa terganggunya kesehatan mata karena sistem daring menggunakan media layar hp dan laptop yang cukup lama, susahnya beberapa materi dipahami karena menggunakan sistem daring, dan ketergantungan dengan sinyal karena sistem pembelajaran daring sangat membutuhkan sinyal yang baik.
Norepinephrine combined with phenylephrine versus norepinephrine in patients with septic shock: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: He Dan , Zhang Luming , Lu Xuehao , Gu Wan-jie , Yin Haiyan , Hu Hai , Hong Liang , lyu Jun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenylephrine (PE) and norepinephrine (NE) may be used to maintain adequate blood pressure and tissue perfusion in patients with septic shock, but the effect of NE combined with PE (NE-PE) on mortality remains unclear. We hypothesized that NE-PE would not inferior to NE alone for all-cause hospital mortality in patients with septic shock.
METHODS This single-center, retrospective cohort study included adult patients with septic shock. According to the infusion type, patients were divided into the NE-PE or NE group. Multivariate logistic regression, propensity score matching and doubly robust estimation were used to analyze the differences between groups. The primary outcome was the all-cause hospital mortality rate after NE-PE or NE infusion.
RESULTS Among 1, 747 included patients, 1, 055 received NE and 692 received NE-PE. For the primary outcome, the hospital mortality rate was higher in patients who received NE-PE than in those who received NE (49.7% vs. 34.5%, p<0.001), and NE-PE was independently associated with higher hospital mortality (odds ratio=1.75, 95% confidence interval=1.35–2.27, p<0.001). Regarding secondary outcomes, patients in the NE-PE group had longer lengths of stay in ICU and hospitals. Patients in the NE-PE group also received mechanical ventilation for longer durations.
CONCLUSIONS NE combined with PE was inferior to NE alone in patients with septic shock, and it was associated with a higher hospital mortality rate.
Study on Surface Structure Characterization and Stability of α-AlH3 coated with PW
Authors: QIN Mingna , TANG Wang , CHEN Yajie , WANG Wei , ZhANG Yan , GUO Tao , SHI Qiang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Alpha-aluminum hydride (a-AlH3) is usually metastable due to the small enthalpy of formation, poor stability, high chemical activity, sensitive to moisture, easy to combine with water in the air. In order to inhibit the hygroscopicity of α-AlH3 and improve its storage and stability, PW (paraffin wax) is selected as the coating material, and the solvent-non-solvent method is used to coat the surface of α-AlH3. The structure and topography of α-AlH3 before and after coating are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS), elemental analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that PW forms a uniform and complete coating layer on the surface of α-AlH3, and the crystal structure and morphology of the α-AlH3 samples after the coating are not changed, and the moisture absorption weight gain rate is reduced from 12% before the coating to 0.05%, and the hygroscopicity is greatly reduced. Furthermore, the a-AlH3 coated by PW also shows excellent performance in resisting water erosion, and the hydrophobic angle increases from 27° to 98° after the PW is coated on the a-AlH3 surface. This research provides a easy method for the safe application of a-AlH3 in the field of solid propellants.
Monitoring of surface roughness evolution during abrasive flow machining by acoustic emission
Authors: HAN Sangil , Salvatore Ferdinando , Claudin Christophe , Rech Joël , Wosniak Fabio , Matt Patrick 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Abrasive flow machining (AFM) is very effective and widely adopted superfinishing process of internal channel surfaces in industry. There have been high demands for process monitoring of surface roughness evolution during AFM, as the evolution of surface roughness is sensitive to AFM media variables, such as abrasive grain size and concentration, as well as process duration. Acoustic emission (AE) is known to be a promising tool to detect microscale deformation mechanisms arising from abrasion. This work has shown there is a close correlation, during AFM with different media, between the evolution of surface roughness and material removal with the AE root-mean-square (RMS) and AE fast fourier transform (FFT) signals. Moreover, AE signals are correlated to wear mechanisms, such as ploughing and cutting mechanisms.
Lessons learnt from an unsuccessful feasibility trial for of an addictive behaviour change program for young people
Authors: McCarter Kristen , Lum Alistair , Damianidou Despoina , Bailey Kylie , Cassel Stephanie , Unwin Katherine , Beck Alison , Kelly Peter J. , Argent Angela , Deane Frank P. , Langford Sophie , Baker Amanda L 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Recruiting young people to addiction research trials poses considerable challenges. Multiple referral pathways across a range of systems, financial incentives, and social media advertisements can improve recruitment outcomes in youth research. In this study, we aimed to assess the feasibility of recruitment to a youth-targeted addiction behaviour change program.
Methods
Our target sample size was 20 participants. We recruited via a youth mental health treatment service and paid Facebook advertisements with financial compensation for completion of baseline and post-intervention assessments. The program was a youth-tailored version of Self-Management and Recovery Training (SMART Recovery) that was based on our program development work that included interviews with SMART Recovery facilitators and young people. We assessed feasibility of recruitment as the as primary outcome.
Results
During the recruitment period (October 1st and October 28th, 2021) we recruited one young person. Due to funding-related constraints on timing and staffing, we abandoned the trial.
Conclusions
Our recruitment efforts failed to enrol sufficient participants required for successful trial delivery. A critique of our recruitment procedures identified multiple factors that help explain these poor outcomes, including that we engaged only one referring service and did not assess buy-in among clinicians at this service; our program may have attempted to reach too broad an audience by targeting health behaviour change rather than specific addictive behaviours; and that we did not mention the financial incentives of participation in our Facebook advertisements. This study provides important insights to guide future recruitment efforts targeting young people to addiction treatment trials.
Trial registration
The trial was registered with Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry prior to recruitment (ACTRN12621001283864).
Insights of under-water trophic interaction: A scenario in Chilika through the lens of Ecopath
Authors: Swain Prajna Ritambhara , Parida Pranaya Kumar , Das Basanta Kumar , Behera Bijay Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Tropical ecosystems show tortuous trophic interaction/network for the ease flow of energy or matter among its components. Being one of the fundamental principles of ecology, the trophic interaction narrates the overview of feeding strategies, food habits of inhabitants or feeding patterns, food items of predators, and the ecological roles of the organisms in a particular ecosystem in terms of the prey-predator relationship. Ecological concepts like “keystone species”, “niche overlap” and “electivity or selection of diet” are part of it. In this investigation, the feeding interaction of the Chilika lagoon ecosystem has been appraised. Chilika lagoon is a well-known tropical ecosystem having a complex food network system of various flora and fauna including more than 200 species of finfish and shellfish. In this study, the “keystone species of the Chilika lagoon ecosystem”, “niche overlap pattern” and the “electivity” through the mass balanced ecopath model were investigated. In the keystone analysis, three keystone indices (KS1, KS2 and KS3) were applied and the groups like Irrawaddy dolphin, croakers and perches were identified as keystone species by more than two keystone indices. Based on the niche overlap study, 108 pairs were identified. Groups like prawns and crabs were found as the most niche overlapping group among all the organisms and contributed about 13 and 11 number pairs among the 108 niche sharing pairs. Similarly, the electivity of the ecological groups was analysed, and interestingly, almost all groups were showing negative index values for detritus and macrophytes. Benthic groups like prawns and crabs play a crucial ecological role in the food web dynamics of Chilika lagoon. This study will be helpful to understand the complex interaction among different trophic groups of Chilika.
Molecular identification of Taenia hydatigena from goats in Khishig-Undur, Mongolia
Authors: Janchiv Temuujin , Chultemsuren Yeruult , Zagd Amarbayasgalan , Tangad Mungunzaya , Baldandorj Bolorchimeg , Badrakh Burmaa , Tileubai Akhit , Uudus Bayarsaikhan , Wandra Toni , Budke Christine M , Janchiv Khulan , Badrakh Ochirkhuyag , Narankhajid Myadagsuren 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cysticercosis, a parasitic infection caused by the larval form of the tapeworm Taenia hydatigena, is a global challenge to the livestock industry. In this study, 56 goats slaughtered in Khishig-Undur, Mongolia, were evaluated for the presence of cystic lesions. The mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene was analyzed for collected cysts to determine genetic variability. In total, 46.4% (26/56) of the evaluated goats were positive for T. hydatigena infection, with most of the cysts found attached to the omentum, mesentery, liver, or spleen. Partial 12S rRNA gene sequences were obtained from all evaluated cysts and aligned with known sequences for T. hydatigena. Infection prevalence was higher in goats three years of age and older (50.0%; 17/34) than in goats less than three years of age (40.9%; 9/22), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.356). No significant differences were noted in infections between male (38.1%; 8/21) and female (51.4%; 18/35) animals (p = 0.245). Infection with T. hydatigena appears to be highly prevalent in goats in Khishig-Undur; however, additional studies are needed to evaluate local parasite transmission dynamics and the impact of this parasite on local livestock production.
Reducing Primary Cesarean Delivery Rate Through Implementation of a Smart Intrapartum Surveillance System in a Labor and Delivery Unit
Authors: Cheng Po Jen , Cheng You Hung , Shaw Sheng Wen , Jang Hung Chi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The rapid changes in clinical maternity situations that occur in a labor and delivery unit can lead to unpredictable maternal and newborn morbidities. Cesarean section (CS) rate is a key indicator of the accessibility and quality of a labor and delivery unit. This retrospective cross-sectional study assesses the nulliparous, term, singleton, vertex (NTSV) cesarean delivery rates before and after the implementation of a smart intrapartum surveillance system. Research data were collected from the electronic medical records of a labor and delivery unit. The primary outcome was the CS rate of the NTSV population. The data of 3648 women admitted for delivery were analyzed. Of the studied deliveries, 1760 and 1888 occurred during the preimplementation and postimplementation periods, respectively. The CS rate for the NTSV population was 31.0% and 23.3% during the preimplementation and postimplementation periods, respectively, indicating a significant 24.7% (p = 0.014) reduction in CS rate after the implementation of the smart intrapartum surveillance system (relative risk, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.71–0.80). In the NTSV population, the normal and CS birth groups, no significant difference in terms of newborn weight, neonatal Apgar scores, and the occurrence of the following: neonatal intensive care unit admission, neonatal meconium aspiration, chorioamnionitis, shoulder dystocia, perineal laceration, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, maternal blood transfusion, and hysterectomy before and after the implementation of the smart intrapartum surveillance system. This study reveals that the use of the smart intrapartum surveillance system can effectively reduce the primary CS rate for low-risk NTSV pregnancies without significantly affecting perinatal outcomes.
All-angle All Polarization Broadband ‘Corona’ Scatterer
Authors: Mikhailovskaya Anna , Vovchuk Dmytro , Grotov Konstantin , Kolchanov Denis , Dobrykh Dmitry , Ladutenko Konstantin , Bobrovs Vjačeslavs , Powell Alexander , Belov Pavel , Ginzburg Pavel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Creeping waves traveling around a volumetric electromagnetic scatterer provide a significant contribution to its radar cross-section. While quite a few efforts were devoted to suppressing creeping waves as a part of radar countermeasures, here we utilize specially engineered creeping waves to our advantage to create broadband, all-angle, and polarization scatterers. Metalized spherical surfaces, patterned with corona virus-like spikes are designed to provide a broadband constructive interference between the specular reflection and creeping waves, elevating the scattering cross-section. The demonstrated miniature corona scatterers, utilizing both cascaded resonant phenomena and traveling wave interference to tailor electromagnetic interactions, outperform a resonant dipole in terms of amplitude and bandwidth quite significantly. Our experimental samples are fabricated with an additive manufacturing technique, where a 3D-printed plastic skeleton is subsequently metalized. Micron-thick layers are deposited with an electroless method and allow governing electromagnetic interactions as if the entire object was made of solid metal. Lightweight, all-angle, all-polarization, and broadband compact scatterers such as these have numerous applications, including radar deception, electromagnetic beckoning, and many others.
Effect of Music Therapy on Pain, Physical and Cognitive Function, and Mood of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Protocol for A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Kailimi , Cui Cancan , Li Ru , Jia Luning , Yu Hanhan , Wang Xueqiang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the major treatment to decreases pain and improves function for end-stage knee osteoarthritis. Although clinical studies proved the effect of music therapy on physical/cognitive function, mood, or wellbeing, little is known about the effectiveness of music therapy in TKA. This study aims to investigate whether music therapy is a valid treatment for elderly with knee osteoarthritis who underwent TKA.
Methods
This study will apply randomized control trail (RCT) among 120 senior citizens with knee osteoarthritis after undergoing TKA. These participants would be randomly assigned to either the music therapy group or the controlled group, with a 1:1 allocation. Patients will be monitored for long-term effects over a 40-week period.
Results
The primary outcomes include numerical rating scale (NRS)-the maximum pain, NRS-the average pain, and Knees Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. Secondary outcomes included four areas: cognitive assessment, physical assessment, mood assessment, and others. We will apply an intention-to-treat analysis for the withdrawals and missing data.
Conclusions
This work will be the first RCT and large sample size trial on the use of music therapy for pain after TRK surgery for elderly patients. We will also explore the numbers of primary and secondary outcomes to conduct an in-depth analysis of the possible mechanisms of music therapy on pain, physical function, cognitive function, and mood for elderly patients after TKR.
Trial registration:
Chinese clinical trial registry, ChiCTR2200062469
The Safety and Feasibility of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined with Conservative Treatment for Cervicogenic Headaches: A double-blinded randomized control study
Authors: Jobin Kaiden , Campbell Christina , Schabrun Siobhan , Smith Ashley , Debert Chantel Theresa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Cervicogenic headaches (CGH) are common following concussion and whiplash injuries and significantly reduce patient quality of life. CGH is often associated with neck, jaw and/or facial pain and reduced neck mobility. Conservative therapy and injection-based therapies are cornerstones of treatment for CGH but have shown limited efficacy. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) has shown promise in treating other chronic pain and headache conditions. The primary aim of this trial is to evaluate the feasibility and safety of tDCS when combined with conservative therapy for the treatment of CGH. The study will evaluate retention and dropout rates, adherence to the protocol and adverse events. Exploratory aims will investigate the association of CGH and various health outcomes, inclusive of pain intensity, headache frequency and duration, neck mobility, quality of life, pain sensitivity, and medication usage.
Methods
Forty adults (aged 18–65), blinded to treatment arm, will be randomized into one of two groups: active tDCS with conservative therapy or sham tDCS with conservative therapy. tDCS will be applied over M1 by a trained research assistant three times per week for 6 weeks. Conservative therapy will be provided immediately post-tDCS. The primary outcomes of this trial will be the feasibility and safety of this intervention. Feasibility will be defined as greater than 30% recruitment, greater than 70% protocol adherence, and greater than 70% retention rate. Safety will be defined as no severe adverse events and less than 30% increase in adverse effects. Secondary exploratory outcomes will be assessed using the following: numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), headache impact test-6 (HIT-6), rivermead PPCS questionnaire (RPQ), cranio-cervical flexion test (CCFT), cervical extensor endurance test (CEET), cervical flexor endurance test (CFET), dynamometry neck-strength assessment (DNSA), the European quality of life five dimension (EQ-5D), patient reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) pain interference scale, pain catastrophizing scale (PCS), and section A - quantitative analgesics questionnaire (QAQ-A).
Discussion
This pilot study will be the first to evaluate the use of tDCS combined with conservative therapy for the treatment of cervicogenic headaches.
Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov - NCT05582616 (registered October 4th, 2022) https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05582616
Validation of Self-Report of Uterine Fibroid diagnosis using Trans-Vaginal Ultrasound Scan
Authors: Adebamowo Clement , Morhason-Bello Imran , Adebamowo Sally 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective: Self-report of uterine fibroids (UF) has been used for epidemiologic research in different environments. Given the dearth of studies on the epidemiology of UF in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), it is valuable to evaluate its performance as a potential tool for much needed research on this commonest neoplasm in SSA women.
Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study of self-report of UF compared with trans-vaginal ultra-sound diagnosis (TVUS) among 486 women who are members of the African Collaborative Center for Microbiome and Genomics Research(ACCME) Study Cohort in central Nigeria. We used log-binomial regression models to compute the classification, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of self-report adjusted for significant covariates.
Results: The prevalence of UF on TVUS was 45.1% (219/486) compared to 5.4% (26/486) based on self-report of abdominal ultrasound scan and 7.2% (35/486) based on report of healthcare practitioner’s diagnosis. Self-report correctly classified 39.5% of the women in multivariable adjusted models compared to TVUS. The multivariable adjusted sensitivity of self-report of healthcare worker diagnosis was 38.8%, specificity was 74.5%, PPV was 55.6%, and NPV was 59.8%. For self-report of abdominal ultrasound diagnosis, the multivariable adjusted sensitivity was 40.6%, specificity 75.3%, PPV was 57.4%, and NPV was 60.6%.
Conclusion: Self-report significantly under-reports the prevalence of UF and it is not accurate enough for epidemiological research of UF. Future studies of UF should use population-based designs and more accurate diagnostic tools such as TVUS.