bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D point cloud of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of segmented fruit and leaves in apple production
Authors: Tsoulias Nikos , Saha Kowshik Kumar , Zude-Sasse Manuela 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA feasible method to analyse fruit at the plant considering its position, size, and maturity are requested in precise production management. The present study proposes the employment of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) to measure the position, quality-related size, and maturity-related chlorophyll of fruit.During fuit development, apples were analysed in the laboratory (n = 270) with two LiDAR laser scanners measuring at 660 and 905 nm. From the two 3D point clouds, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was calculated. The correlation analysis with chemically analysed fruit chlorophyll content showed R2= 0.81 and 0.02 % RMSE.The method was validated on 3D point clouds of 12 fruit trees in the orchard. Segmentation of individual apples was carried out during fruit development on five measuring dates, validated with manual rating (n = 4632). The non-invasively obtained field data showed good calibration performance capturing fruit position, fruit size, fruit NDVI of R2= 0.99, R2= 0.97, R2= 0.71, respectively, considering the related reference data.For 3D data of leaves, earlier shown analysis of leaf area and leaf chlorophyll by means of LiDAR was confirmed. The new approach of non-invasive laser scanning provided physiologically and agronomically valuable time series data on differences in fruit chlorophyll affected by the leaf area to fruit ratio, as well as differences of fruit chlorophyll in different growing position at the tree. Resulting, the method provides a tool for production management, e.g. crop load management, and integration in harvest robots.
Survivin Regulates Intracellular Stiffness and Extracellular Matrix Production in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Krajnik Amanda , Nimmer Erik , Sullivan Andra , Brazzo Joseph A. , Heo Yuna , Krug Alanna , Kolega John , Heo Su-Jin , Lee Kwonmoo , Weil Brian R. , Kim Deok-Ho , Bae Yongho 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTVascular dysfunction is a common cause of cardiovascular diseases characterized by the narrowing and stiffening of arteries, such as atherosclerosis, restenosis, and hypertension. Arterial narrowing results from the aberrant proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and their increased synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. These, in turn, are modulated by arterial stiffness, but the mechanism for this is not fully understood. We found that survivin (an inhibitor of apoptosis) is an important regulator of stiffness-mediated ECM synthesis and intracellular stiffness in VSMCs. Whole-transcriptome analysis and cell culture experiments showed that survivin expression is upregulated in injured femoral arteries in mice and in human VSMCs cultured on stiff fibronectin-coated hydrogels. Suppressed expression of survivin in human VSMCs and mouse embryonic fibroblasts decreased the stiffness-mediated expression of ECM components implicated in arterial stiffness, namely, collagen-I, fibronectin, and lysyl oxidase. By contrast, expression of these proteins was upregulated by the overexpression of survivin in human VSMCs cultured on soft hydrogels. Atomic force microscopy analysis showed that suppressed or enhanced expression of survivin decreases or increases intracellular stiffness, respectively. These findings suggest a novel mechanism by which survivin modulates arterial stiffness.
A High Fraction of Oral Bacteria in the Feces Indicates Gut Microbiota Depletion with Implications for Human Health
Authors: Liao Chen , Rolling Thierry , Djukovic Ana , Fei Teng , Mishra Vishwas , Liu Hongbin , Lindberg Chloe , Dai Lei , Zhai Bing , Peled Jonathan U. , van den Brink Marcel R.M. , Hohl Tobias M. , Xavier Joao B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe increased relative abundance of oral bacteria detected in fecal samples has been associated with intestinal diseases and digestive disorders. This observation raises two competing hypotheses: either oral bacteria invade the gut bacterial population and expand in the intestine (theExpansionhypothesis), or oral bacteria transit through and their relative increase in feces marks a depletion of the gut bacterial population (theMarkerhypothesis). To address this, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of quantitative microbiome data from mouse experiments and diverse patient cohorts. Our findings consistently support theMarkerhypothesis as the primary explanation. We further establish a robust inverse correlation between the total fraction of oral bacteria and decreased total bacterial abundance in feces. This correlation underlies the associations between the oral bacterial fraction and multiple patient outcomes consistent with a depleted gut microbiota. By distinguishing between the two hypotheses, our study guides the interpretation of microbiome compositional data and their links with human health.
Representations of fricatives in sub-cortical model responses: comparisons with human consonant perception
Authors: Hamza Yasmeen , Farhadi Afagh , Schwarz Douglas M. , McDonough Joyce M. , Carney Laurel H. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTFricatives are obstruent sound contrasts made by airflow constrictions in the vocal tract that produce turbulence across the constriction or at a site downstream from the constriction. Fricatives exhibit significant intra/inter-subject and contextual variability. Yet fricatives are perceived with high accuracy. The current study investigated modeled neural responses to fricatives in the auditory nerve (AN) and inferior colliculus (IC), with the hypothesis that response profiles across populations of neurons provide robust correlates to consonant perception. Stimuli were 270 intervocalic fricatives (10 speakers x 9 fricatives x 3 utterances). Computational model response profiles had characteristic frequencies that were log-spaced from 125 Hz to 8 or 20 kHz, to explore the impact of high-frequency responses. Confusion matrices generated by k-nearest-neighbor subspace classifiers were based on the profiles of average rates across characteristic frequencies as feature vectors. Model confusion matrices were compared them with published behavioral data. The modeled AN and IC neural responses provided better predictions of behavioral accuracy than the stimulus spectra, with IC showing better accuracy than AN. Behavioral fricative accuracy was explained by modeled neural response profiles, whereas confusions were only partially explained. Extended frequencies improved accuracy based on the model IC, corroborating the importance of extended high frequencies in speech perception.
A Digital Biomarker for Identifying Changes in Daily Activity Patterns
Authors: Fletcher-Lloyd Nan , Serban Alina-Irina , Kolanko Magdalena , Wingfield David , Wilson Danielle , Nilforooshan Ramin , Barnaghi Payam , Soreq Eyal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMalnutrition and dehydration are strongly associated with increased cognitive and functional decline in people living with dementia (PLWD), as well as an increased rate of hospitalisations in comparison to their healthy counterparts. Extreme changes in eating and drinking behaviours can often lead to malnutrition and dehydration, accelerating the progression of cognitive and functional decline and resulting in a marked reduction in quality of life. Unfortunately, there are currently no established methods by which to objectively detect such changes. Here, we present the findings of a quantitative analysis conducted on in-home monitoring data collected from 73 households of PLWD using Internet of Things technologies. The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has previously been shown to have dramatically altered the behavioural habits, particularly the eating and drinking habits, of PLWD. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as a natural experiment, we show that there were significant changes in kitchen activities at the group level within a subset of 21 households of PLWD that were continuously monitored for 499 days, with an overall increase in day-time activities and a decrease in night-time activity observed in both single and multiple occupancy households. We further present preliminary results suggesting it is possible to proactively detect episodic and gradual changes in behaviours using remote monitoring data as a proxy for behaviours that cannot be directly measured. Together, these results pave the way to introduce improvements into the monitoring of PLWD in naturalistic settings and for shifting from reactive to proactive care.
Prospective cohort study ofCryptosporidiuminfection and shedding in infants and their households
Authors: Korpe Poonum , Ni Zhanmo , Kabir Mamun , Alam Masud , Ferdous Tahsin , Ara Rifat , Munday Rebecca M. , Haque Rashidul , Duggal Priya 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundCryptosporidium sppare responsible for significant diarrheal morbidity and mortality in under-five children. There is no vaccine, thus a focus on prevention is paramount. Prior studies suggest that person-to-person spread may be an important pathway for transmission to young children. Here we describe a longitudinal cohort study of 100 families with infants to determine rates of cryptosporidiosis within households during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsFamilies living in Mirpur, Bangladesh with one infant age 6-8 months were enrolled and followed with weekly illness survey and stool testing for Cryptosporidium for 8 months.ResultsFrom December 2020 to August 2021, 100 families were enrolled. Forty-four percent of index children, and 35% of siblings had at least oneCryptosporidiuminfection. Shedding ofCryptosporidiumoccurred for a mean of 19 days (sd 8.3 days) in index infants, 16.1 days (sd 11.6) in children 1-5 years, and 16.2 days (sd 12.8) in adults. A longer duration ofCryptosporidiumshedding was associated with growth faltering in infants. There was a spike inCryptosporidiumcases in May 2021, which coincided with a spike in SARS-CoV-2 cases in the region.ConclusionIn this intensive, longitudinal study ofCryptosporidiuminfection in families we found high rates of cryptosporidiosis in infants and children, and prolonged parasite shedding, especially among malnourished children. These data support that transmission within the household is an important route of exposure for young infants, and that treatment of non-diarrheal infection to interrupt person-to-person transmission within the home may be essential for preventing cryptosporidiosis in infants.summaryCryptosporidiosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children. We followed 100 families with infants living in Bangladesh and studied the incidence ofCryptosporidiuminfection. We found prolongedCryptosporidiumshedding in stool was common among infants and adults.
Two opposing gene expression patterns withinATRXaberrant neuroblastoma
Authors: van Gerven Michael R. , Schild Linda , van Arkel Jennemiek , Koopmans Bianca , Broeils Luuk A. , Meijs Loes A. M. , van Oosterhout Romy , van Noesel Max M. , Koster Jan , van Hooff Sander R. , Molenaar Jan J. , van den Boogaard Marlinde 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNeuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. A subgroup of high-risk patients is characterized by aberrations in the chromatin remodeller ATRX that is encoded by 35 exons. In contrast to other pediatric cancer whereATRXpoint mutations are most frequent, multi-exon deletions (MEDs) are the most frequent type ofATRXaberrations in neuroblastoma. Of these MEDs 75% are predicted to produce in-frame fusion proteins, suggesting a potential gain-of-function effect compared to nonsense mutations. For neuroblastoma there are only a few patient-derivedATRXaberrant models. Therefore, we created isogenicATRXaberrant models using CRISPR-Cas9 in several neuroblastoma cell lines and one tumoroid and performed total RNA-sequencing on these and on the patient-derived model. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed decreased expression of genes related to both ribosome biogenesis and several metabolic process in our isogenicATRXexon 2-10 MED model systems, the patient-derived MED models and in tumor data containing two patients with anATRXexon 2-10 MED. Interestingly, for our isogenicATRXknock-out and exon 2-13 MED models GSEA revealed an opposite expression pattern characterized by increased expression of genes related to ribosome biogenesis and several metabolic process. Our validations confirmed a potential role of ATRX in the regulation of ribosome homeostasis. In this manner we identified two distinct molecular expression patterns withinATRXaberrant neuroblastomas with important implications for the need of distinct treatment regimens.
Immunity to seasonal coronavirus spike proteins does not protect from SARS-CoV-2 challenge in a mouse model but has no detrimental effect on protection mediated by COVID-19 mRNA vaccination
Authors: Amanat Fatima , Clark Jordan , Carreño Juan Manuel , Strohmeier Shirin , Meade Philip , Bhavsar Disha , Muramatsu Hiromi , Sun Weina , Coughlan Lynda , Pardi Norbert , Krammer Florian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSeasonal coronaviruses have been circulating widely in the human population for many years. With increasing age, humans are more likely to have been exposed to these viruses and to have developed immunity against them. It has been hypothesized that this immunity to seasonal coronaviruses may provide partial protection against infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and it has also been shown that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination induces a back-boosting effects against the spike proteins of seasonal betacoronaviruses. In this study, we tested if immunity to the seasonal coronavirus spikes from OC43, HKU1, 229E or NL63 would confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in a mouse model, and whether pre-existing immunity against these spikes would weaken the protection afforded by mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. We found that mice vaccinated with the seasonal coronavirus spike proteins had no increased protection as compared to the negative controls. While a negligible back-boosting effect against betacoronavirus spike proteins was observed after SARS-CoV-2 infection, there was no negative original antigenic sin-like effect on the immune response and protection induced by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in animals with pre-existing immunity to seasonal coronavirus spike proteins.ImportanceThe impact that immunity against seasonal coronaviruses has on both susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as on COVID-19 vaccination is unclear. This study provides insights into both questions in a mouse model of SARS-CoV-2.
Externally applied magnetic force effect on the Couette flow of a viscous incompressible fluid with heat source/sink
Authors: S. Sheeba Juliet , M. Vidhya , A. Govindarajan 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the effect of externally applied magnetic force and heat transfer with a heat source/sink on the Couette flow with viscous dissipation in a horizontal rotating channel. The magnetic force is added to the governing equations. The effects of fluid flow parameters are observed under the applied magnetic force. In this system, the magnetic force is applied perpendicular to the plane of the fluid flow. In recent years, the magnetic field has renewed interest in aerospace technology. The physical and theoretical approach in the multidisciplinary field of magneto fluid dynamics (MFD) is applied in the field of aerospace vehicle design.

Design/methodology/approach
Authors use the perturbation method to solve and find the approximate solutions of differential equations. First, convert the partial differential equation to ordinary differential equation and calculate the approximate solutions in two cases. The first solution got by assuming heat generating in the fluid and the second one got when heat absorbing. After applying the external magnetic force, the effects of various fluid parameters velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are found and discussed using tables and graphs.

Findings
It is found that the velocity of the fluid has decreased tendency when the rotation of the fluid and magnetic force on the fluid increases. The temperature of the fluid, Prandtl value and Eckert number increased when the heat source generated heat. When heat absorbs the heat, sink parameter increases and the temperature of the fluid decreases. Also, while heat absorbs, the temperature increases when the Prandtl value and Eckert number increase.

Originality/value
The skin friction coefficient on the surface increases, when the rotation parameter and the magnetic force parameter of the fluid increase. In the case of heat generating, the Nusselt number increased, while the Eckert number and Prandtl numbers increased. Also, the Nusselt number has larger values when the heat source parameter has near the constant temperature, and it has smaller values when the temperature varies. In the case of heat-absorbing, the Nusselt number decreased when the Eckert and Prandtl numbers increased. Also, the Nusselt number varies up and down while the heat absorbing parameter increases.
Effect of emotion induction on potential consumers’ visual attention in beer advertisements: a neuroscience study
Authors: Damião de Paula André Luiz , Lourenção Marina , de Moura Engracia Giraldi Janaina , Caldeira de Oliveira Jorge Henrique 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe study aims to evaluate the effect of inducing emotions (neutral, joy and fear) on the level of visual attention in beer advertisements.Design/methodology/approachA between-subject experimental study with a multi-method design was carried out using three neuroscience equipment concomitantly. The electroencephalogram and the electrical conductance sensor on the skin were used to assess the emotions induced in the individuals, while eye-tracking was used to assess the visual attention to beer advertisements. Three independent groups were formed. Each group was induced to one emotion (neutral, joy or fear), and then the level of visual attention was observed in ten stimuli of beer advertisements.FindingsThe results revealed that the induction of joy increased the visual attention to the brand name, while the induction of fear increased the visual attention to both the brand name and product packaging but reduced the visual attention to human faces within the ads.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper extends the literature, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first study to indicate that induced emotions before ad viewing influence potential consumers’ visual attention.Practical implicationsThe findings can serve as a basis for developing advertising campaigns that use emotion induction before ad viewing to increase the visual attention of potential consumers.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to investigate whether the emotion induction that happens before ad viewing can impact the level of visual attention to advertisements. The study also provides clear and comprehensible implications from marketing practices to improve visual attention to ads.
At differing scales: the commonalities between green leasing and urban FM from the perspectives of sustainable urban development projects
Authors: Collins Dave 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to look at what Urban Facilities Management (FM) and Green Leasing have in common and the degree to which they are ultimately reliant on one another. Whilst both are similar in terms of their placement in organizational management, Green Leasing is a building level concept whilst Urban FM is at the community level. The primary purpose of this paper is to show how the commonalities of both can strengthen one another and offer tangible possibilities to improve the sustainable credentials of urban development projects.

Design/methodology/approach
This study will be conducted with a mixed-methods approach. Firstly, a literature study will determine the commonalities between both concepts, and the degree to which they rely on one another to work effectively in projects. The second method will be a cross-sectional case study. Using existing cases that use both (either implicitly or explicitly), the study can demonstrate how these commonalities and reliabilities can offer tangible outputs to real work projects. These will then be combined in a case study to demonstrate many of these aspects in a real-world setting.

Findings
The finding demonstrates that there are commonalities between Green Leasing and Urban FM at all levels of organizational management and that the success of both requires holistic consideration of each other, as well as other aspects such as FM and citizen participation. The success and failure of projects are depending upon considering these aspects. By not considering the buildings and community levels as separation aspects, but more as different levels of the same project, multi-level considerations can contribute to the success of urban development projects.

Originality/value
The commonalities between Urban FM and Green Leasing are profound and do not just show the value of holistic thinking, but also the inclusion of other considerations such as FM to reduce project failure and long-term project viability. This can add value to the study of not just Urban FM and Green Leasing, but also FM more generally, architectural design and urban planning.
Effects of entrepreneurial orientation, marketing, and innovation capabilities, on market performance: the mediating effect of sustainable competitive advantage
Authors: Elgarhy Sayed Darwish , Abou-Shouk Mohamed 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the direct/indirect effects of sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) antecedents (entrepreneurial orientation, marketing capability, innovation capability and marketing innovation) on market performance (MP) in travel agencies.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was used for data collection randomly from 315 managers in travel agencies and structural equation modelling was used for testing research hypotheses.

Findings
The findings of this study showed that SCA is a partial mediator between SCA antecedents and MP. SCA antecedents significantly improve the prediction of travel agencies’ MP.

Practical implications
This study offers useful insights to managers, services providers and marketers of travel services who seek to achieve competitive positions and strengthen their marketing and innovation capabilities to support their survival in the travel supply chain in an accelerated technological changeable travel and tourism market.

Originality/value
The literature review lacks an integrated model that investigates the effect of SCA and its antecedents on MP. The introduced research model provides a deep insight into the mediating role of SCA in improving business performance.