bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient experience of negative pressure wound therapy: A qualitative study
Authors: Miyanaga Aiko , Miyanaga Toru , Sakai Keiko , Konya Chizuko , Asano Kimi , Shimada Kenichi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to clarify the treatment experience of patients undergoing negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT).DesignThis study used a qualitative design.MethodsSeventeen inpatients were semi‐structured interviewed about their experiences of treatment with negative pressure wound therapy.ResultsInpatients' answers were categorized into seven themes: pain and discomfort associated with treatment, physical limitations owing to attached device, mental burden owing to the odour and noises of the attached device, social limitations owing to the attached device, advances in medical care and science, device personification and mixed feelings towards medical staff. The patients were able to tolerate the aforementioned limitations while feeling attachment and gratitude towards the device created through advances in medical care and science, and towards medical staff who helped them heal. In the future, we plan to develop an NPWT care guide.
Recent Advances in the Enzyme‐Activatable Organic Fluorescent Probes for Tumor Imaging and Therapy
Authors: Lu Song‐Bo , Wei Luyao , He Wenjing , Bi Zhen‐Yu , Qian Yuhan , Wang Jinghan , Lei Hongqiu , Li Kai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe exploration of advanced probes for cancer diagnosis and treatment is of high importance in fundamental research and clinical practice. In comparison with the traditional “always‐on” probes, the emerging activatable probes enjoy advantages in promoted accuracy for tumor theranostics by specifically releasing or activating fluorophores at the targeting sites. The main designing principle for these probes is to incorporate responsive groups that can specifically react with the biomarkers (e. g., enzymes) involved in tumorigenesis and progression, realizing the controlled activation in tumors. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in the molecular design and biomedical application of enzyme‐responsive organic fluorescent probes. Particularly, the fluorophores can be endowed with ability of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) to afford the photosensitizers, highlighting the potential of these probes in simultaneous tumor imaging and therapy with rational design. We hope that this review could inspire more research interests in the development of tumor‐targeting theranostic probes for advanced biological studies.
Tailoring thermal expansion of mechanically interlocked carbon fiber composite reinforced metal
Authors: Newcomb Bradley A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA method of controlling the thermal expansion of lightweight metals through the insightful incorporation of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is demonstrated. The local and directional coefficients of linear thermal expansion (CLTE) of a carbon fiber composite reinforced aluminum (CFRP/Al) specimen can be controlled by tailoring the CFRP volume fraction and CFRP layup orientation, with a 36% reduction in CLTE achieved as compared to the baseline 7075 aluminum at a CFRP volume fraction of 0.26. When a unidirectional CFRP reinforcement is considered, the CLTE as predicted by the modulus modified rule of mixtures is within 1.3% of experimentally obtained values for CFRP volume fractions of 0.10, 0.16, and 0.26. Thermal digital image correlation (T‐DIC) was performed to obtain local and directional CLTE values for the anisotropic CFRP/Al specimens which indicated CLTE is heterogeneous across the specimen length and width, which is otherwise undetected using standard quartz rod dilatometry to measure the CLTE of the macroscopic sample. Evidence for a minimum critical CFRP reinforcement length is also considered based upon the local thermal strain data collected by T‐DIC. Using the mixed material approach presented here, it is possible to minimize or eliminate the thermal expansion mismatch effects that occur in mixed material structures, such as an automotive body structure (i.e., body in white).
Characterization of biobased epoxy resins to manufacture eco‐composites showing recycling properties
Authors: Saitta Lorena , Prasad Vishnu , Tosto Claudio , Murphy Neal , Ivankovic Alojz , Cicala Gianluca , Scarselli Gennaro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present study details the composite fabrication, characterization, and full recyclability of the biobased polymer resins with flax fiber as the reinforcement. Two different biobased resins are selected by varying the resin hardener combination and curing parameters for the comparison. The optimum parameters for the composite preparation are finalized by evaluating the neat resin's mechanical and glass transition temperature (Tg) values. According to the results obtained, a biobased epoxy resin cured by a cleavable hardener displayed the highest Tg (i.e., 93.5°C) upon a two‐step cure cycle, guaranteeing full recyclability. Subsequently, eco‐composite flat panels are manufactured using the selected formulation reinforced with commercial flax‐based fabric. These panel's flexural strength, modulus, and interlaminar shear strength are measured after each curing step. The recyclability yield of the composite is tested, through a specific chemical process, demonstrating the possibility of separating and recovering both the constituent fibers and resin from the composite panels.
Two cases of steroid dementia showing partial recovery during 2‐year follow‐up
Authors: Ikeda Natsuko , Yamada Shinichi , Yamamoto Masahiro , Tanaka Katsunori , Fujii Takao , Tsuji Tomikimi , Kimoto Sohei , Takahashi Shun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSteroid dementia has been reported since the 1970s. In the current super‐aged society, it increasingly receives attention because of the growing number of elderly people that are medicated with steroids for systemic rheumatic disease.Case PresentationWe report two cases of steroid dementia that were diagnosed as a result of careful observation of clinical symptoms and biological examination, including nuclear medicine tests. Cognitive and daily living functions were partially recovered in both cases after decrease or discontinuance of steroid medication in 2‐year follow‐up, but their daily living function could not be totally restored to premorbid level.ConclusionCognitive dysfunction caused by steroids is suggested by these cases, although definitive diagnosis in these cases is not possible. It was partially reversible over the course of a few years, but some functional loss remains. Cognitive function should be assessed appropriately before, during, and after steroid treatment. Detailed differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders and longitudinal follow‐up is required when cognitive dysfunction is observed after initiation of steroid therapy.
Dissolution and initial esterification kinetics of 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid in ethylene glycol without a catalyst
Authors: Yang Cui , Ma Zhong‐Sen , Zhi He‐Wen , Li Hao , Hu Ye‐Min , Zhang Ya‐Jie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBio‐based 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) can be used to produce poly(ethylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate) (PEF), which has a great potential for barrier packaging, and so forth. Herein, the first two steps of the esterification reaction of FDCA with ethylene glycol (EG) were investigated. The dissolution rate of FDCA in EG is fast, the solubility of FDCA in EG and monohydroxyethyl 2,5‐furandicarboxylate (MHEF) reaches 159.12 and 489.84 g kg−1at 180 °C, respectively. The initial esterification of FDCA with EG to form MHEF is a zero‐order reaction (k1 = 266.77 × 10−3 mol kg−1 min−1) with an activation energy of 114.52 kJ mol−1; the esterification of MHEF with EG to form bis(hydroxyethyl) 2,5‐furandicarboxylate (BHEF) is a first‐order reaction (k2 = 9.72 × 10−3 min−1) with an activation energy of 86.12 kJ mol−1. These results identified accurate parameters for the dissolution and esterification processes of FDCA in EG, which provide important guidance for the polymerization of FDCA polyesters.
Morphine stimulates cervical cancer cells and alleviates cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs via opioid receptor‐dependent and ‐independent mechanisms
Authors: Yu Zhengwen , Jin Sheng , Tian Shiming , Wang Zhibao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMorphine is frequently applied in cancer patients for pain management. However, its effects on cancer are not well understood but observed to be specific to certain cancer types. We previously revealed the stimulatory properties of morphine in esophageal carcinoma. This work addressed the effects of morphine and its underlying mechanisms in cervical cancer. Proliferation, apoptosis, and migration assays were performed to examine the effects of morphine alone and its combinatory effects with chemotherapeutic drugs. Immunoblotting and biochemical analysis were performed to determine the underlying mechanisms of morphine's action. Morphine promoted proliferation in opioid receptor‐dependent manner and stimulated migration in opioid receptor‐independent manner. However, morphine did not affect cervical cancer cell survival. Morphine also interfered with all tested chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g., cisplatin, 5‐FU, and paclitaxel) and alleviates their efficacy. Mechanistically, morphine‐stimulated growth via activating EGFR‐mediated signaling pathways and is opioid‐receptor‐dependent; morphine‐stimulated migration via activating RhoA‐mediated signaling pathways and this is opioid receptor‐independent. Our work suggests a strong correlation of this opioid receptor on growth factor signaling to stimulate growth and opioid receptor‐independent activation of RhoA and consequent migration. Our findings have the potential to guide the clinical use of morphine for patients with cervical cancer.
Curculigoside rescues hippocampal synaptic deficits elicited by PTSD through activating cAMP‐PKA signaling
Authors: Ji Manman , Zhang Zhengrong , Gao Feng , Yang Shaojie , Wang Juan , Wang Xuncui , Zhu Guoqi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChronic traumatic stress results in various psychiatric disorders, especially posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous study demonstrated that curculigoside (CUR) a component of Rhizoma Curculiginis prevented fear extinction and stress‐induced depression‐like behaviors. However, its effects on PTSD and the mechanisms are still not completely clear. In this study, we observed typical PTSD‐like phenotypes, synaptic deficit, and reduction of BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway in mice receiving modified single prolonged stress and electrical stimulation (SPS&S). By contrast, systemic administration of CUR blocked PTSD‐like phenotypes and synaptic deficits, including reduction of BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway, GluA1 and Arc expression. Importantly, CUR reversed the impairment of PKA signaling pathway elicited by PTSD. We further confirmed that the effects of CUR on synaptic function were through PKA signaling pathway, as H‐89, an inhibitor of PKA blocked the effect of CUR on behavioral changes and BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway. Thereafter, we verified that CUR on synaptic function were through PKA pathway using direct intracerebral injection of CUR and H‐89. Direct intracerebral injection of CUR activated PKA/CREB/BDNF/TrkB, which was blocked by H‐89. Additionally, the docking results showed high binding energies of CUR with A2AR, AC, PRKACA, and PRKAR1A, which might indicate that CUR functions through regulating PKA signaling pathway. In conclusion, CUR prevented the behavioral changes and hippocampal synaptic deficits elicited by PTSD through activating cAMP‐PKA signaling.
Ecological and social poverty traps: Complex interactions moving toward sustainable development
Authors: Yang Zhenshan , Yang Ding , Sun Dongqi , Zhong Linsheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDifferent types of poverty traps can reinforce each other, and consequently, multiple traps pose challenges for poverty alleviation, especially in rural areas. There remains a lack of understanding of social and ecological poverty traps and their relationship with one another. We considered the Selinco area in the Tibetan highlands of China and investigated social and ecological poverty, for an understanding of the poverty trap through the land‐human relationship lens. We found that ecological and social poverty differ between various townships due to their poor ecological and social environs. We affirmed reinforcing feedback between ecological and social poverty, and that the relative importance of social and ecological poverty differs at various thresholds. These results advance our understanding of different poverty traps and their feedback process. The findings inform the policy‐making process when addressing the land‐human relationship to improve ecosystem stability and promote social equity to foster sustainable development.
Au(I)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of [3,2‐b]pyrrole‐fused Pentacyclic Triterpenoids
Authors: Gubaidullin Rinat R. , Spivak Anna Yu. , Maistrenko Valery N. , Parfenova Lyudmila V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGold(I) chloride complex with triphenylphosphine and metal triflates catalyze the formation of novel [3,2‐b]pyrrole‐fused pentacyclic triterpenoids from accessible 2‐alkynyl derivatives of betulonic, ursonic and oleanonic acids. The reactions proceed in the presence of 5 mol% of the catalyst and provide pyrrole‐containing triterpenoids with the isolated yield of 60–86 %.
Excitation Dynamics Among Impurity Doped Quantum Dot Eigenstates in a Polychromatic Field: Role of Gaussian White Noise
Authors: Datta Swarnab , Arif Sk. Md. , Roy Debi , Ghosh Manas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCurrent study focuses on realizing the role of Gaussian white noise (GWN) and external sinusoidal polychromatic radiation field (PRF) on the time‐average excitation rate (TAER) of impurity doped quantum dot (QD). The PRF induces the transfer of electronic population from the ground state to the excited states in course of time‐evolution. The PRF has been envisaged to be composed of four component fields that maintain either a prime or a non‐prime frequency ratio. GWN couples with the system additively and multiplicatively. The study highlights the role of various physical parameters, presence of noise, mode of application of noise and the features of PRF (amplitude, phase and type of frequency ratio of the components) in shaping the TAER profiles. The TAER profiles have been found to be enriched with steady growth, steady decline, maximization (useful for obtaining large nonlinear optical response), minimization and saturation (the dynamic freezing). The study reveals promising scope of obtaining desired TAER of doped QD by judicious adjustment/regulation of several control parameters which may bear serious technological implications.
Green Synthesis, in vitro Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant Activity and Interaction Studies of CuO Nanoparticles with DNA, Serum Albumin, Hemoglobin and Lysozyme
Authors: Shahabadi Nahid , Zendehcheshm Saba , Khademi Fatemeh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present study reports an environmentally safe synthesis of CuO NPs employing Echinophora platyloba DC extract. The production of CuO NPs was authenticated using various analytical characterization techniques such as FT‐IR, TEM, XRD, SEM‐EDX, DLS, zeta potential, and UV‐Vis. The DPPH assay was employed to assess the scavenging efficacy of synthesized CuO NPs. The results of the MTT assay exhibited that CuO NPs have efficient anticancer potential on two used cancer cell lines (MCF‐7 and Burkitt's lymphoma). Thus, it tempts us to study the synthesized CuO NPs biocompatible aspects by interactions with several biologically significant molecules. The present experimental evidence demonstrates the direct interaction of CuO NPs with DNA, which might be one of the credible highways elevating its anticancer potential. Moreover, we investigated the interaction of CuO NPs with the most important blood proteins (HSA, HHb, and Lys) in simulated physiological conditions using spectroscopic methods. The interaction findings suggest that the native conformation of the above proteins was preserved at the level of secondary structure in spite of complex formations with CuO NPs. The binding constant values revealed the greater binding affinity of CuO NPs with HSA, HHb, and Lys as compared to ct‐DNA; the binding affinity was found in the order HSA>HHb>Lys>ct‐DNA.
SPIDER: An availability‐aware framework for the service function chain placement in distributed scenarios
Authors: Santos Guto Leoni , Endo Patricia Takako , Sadok Djamel , Kelner Judith 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe network function virtualization (NFV) paradigm replaces hardware‐dependent network functions by virtual network functions (VNFs) that can be deployed in commodity hardware, including legacy servers. Consequently, the use of NFV is expected to reduce operating and capital expenses, as well as improve service deployment operation and management flexibility. For many use cases, the VNFs must be visited and invoked following a specific order of execution in order to compose a complete network service, named service function chain (SFC). Nonetheless, despite the benefits from NFV and SFC virtualization technologies, their introduction must not harm network performance and service availability. On the one hand, redundancy is seen by network service planners as a mechanism well established to combat availability issues. At same time, there is a goal to optimize resource utilization in order to reduce operational expenditure. In this article, we share our experience in the design use of a framework, named SPIDER, focused on SFC placement that considers the network infrastructure condition and the required SFC availability to define the placement strategy. The SPIDER monitors the status of infrastructure nodes and links and defines which servers the VNFs should be placed on and the number of redundant replicas needed. We present a proof‐of‐concept of SPIDER using Kubernetes to launch the VNFs as containers. We also use Kubernetes to forward the traffic between the VNFs, composing the service chain. We perform experiments to evaluate the runtime of SPIDER and the SFC delay under different network conditions.
Tuning the Kinetic Trapping in Chemically Fueled Self‐Assembly**
Authors: Kriebisch Brigitte A. K. , Kriebisch Christine M. E. , Bergmann Alexander M. , Wanzke Caren , Tena‐Solsona Marta , Boekhoven Job 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNature uses dynamic, molecular self‐assembly to create cellular architectures that adapt to their environment. For example, a guanosine triphosphate (GTP)‐driven reaction cycle activates and deactivates tubulin for dynamic assembly into microtubules. Inspired by dynamic self‐assembly in biology, recent studies have developed synthetic analogs of assemblies regulated by chemically fueled reaction cycles. A challenge in these studies is to control the interplay between rapid disassembly and kinetic trapping of building blocks known as dynamic instabilities. In this work, we show how molecular design can tune the tendency of molecules to remain trapped in their assembly. We show how that design can alter the dynamic of emerging assemblies. Our work should give design rules for approaching dynamic instabilities in chemically fueled assemblies to create new adaptive nanotechnologies.
Page curve and symmetries
Authors: Lau Pak Hang Chris , Noumi Toshifumi , Takii Yuhei , Tamaoka Kotaro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Motivated by the quantum process of black hole evaporation and its implications for symmetries, we consider a qubit system with a random dynamics as a toy model of black hole. We compute its symmetry-resolved entropies and discuss its implications. We first consider the case where charges are conserved and compute the symmetry-resolved entropies. We derive a symmetry-resolved analogue of the Page curve. We then consider the case where symmetry is explicitly broken and charges are no longer conserved. It serves as a toy model for global symmetry breaking in black hole evaporation. Despite the simple framework, the symmetry-resolved entropies capture various interesting features during the analogous process of black hole evaporation in our qubit model.
An expeditious tool for the vulnerability assessment of masonry structures in post-earthquake reconstruction
Authors: De Santis Stefano 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPost-earthquake reconstruction activities need tools for assessing the vulnerability of structures, based on visual inspection and quick survey. So far, the public administrations in charge of granting the funds and monitoring reconstruction have adopted different methods taken from scientific literature or developed ad hoc for specific events. The time is ripe for a standard method to be developed, treasuring from the lessons learned in the field. This paper proposes an expeditious tool based on visual survey for the assessment of the seismic vulnerability of unreinforced masonry buildings, starting from available methods, whose parameters were reassessed and recalibrated, and scientific evidence from recent literature. The influence of the main structural features was considered to calculate a vulnerability index in the 0–100 range. The effects of materials and arrangement of masonry were quantitatively evaluated through the masonry quality index, which represents an advancement with respect to current practice. The method was validated on a sample of 50 masonry aggregates and nearly 200 structural units of L’Aquila, Italy, where reconstruction is underway after a destructive earthquake in 2009. The sample is representative of the built heritage of other earthquake prone areas in Italy and many European Countries and the proposed method is a step forward the development of a standard tool to be used in future post-earthquake reconstruction scenarios.
Testing citizen science as a tool for monitoring surface water microplastics
Authors: Setälä Outi , Tirroniemi Jyri , Lehtiniemi Maiju 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe use of citizen science in the collection of surface water marine microplastics (MP) samples with manta trawl was tested in the Baltic Sea, where the collection of surface water samples is often hampered by environmental conditions. Sampling was carried out at 7 locations around the Baltic Sea with a custom-made manta trawl which was operated onboard a sailing boat. The total concentrations of ≥ 0.3 mm MP in the samples ranged from 0.45 to 1.98 MP m−3. Based on the results and experiences from this study, citizen science could be introduced into the toolbox of monitoring large MP. When the common basic constraints of surface water sampling within a regional sea are defined and agreed upon, citizen science could be used for strengthening the power of assessments on the state of the marine environment by increasing the spatial coverage of the monitored area.