bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel pathogenic ATP6V1B2 variant: Widening the genotypic spectrum of the epileptic neurodevelopmental phenotype
Authors: Veltra Danai , Kosma Konstantina , Papavasiliou Antigoni , Tilemis Faidon‐Nikolaos , Traeger‐Synodinos Joanne , Sofocleous Christalena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractATP6V1B2 pathogenic variants are linked with variable phenotypes, such as dominant deafness‐onychodystrophy syndrome (DDOD), autosomal dominant Zimmermann–Laband syndrome type 2 (ZLS2), and some cases of DOORS (deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, intellectual disability [ID], and seizures). Epilepsy was first linked to ATP6V1B2, when the p.(Glu374Gln) missense variant was detected in a patient with ID and seizures, but without characteristic features of DDOD or ZLS2 syndromes. We herein report a novel pathogenic ATP6V1B2:p.Glu374Gly variant detected in an adult patient with ID and myoclonic‐atonic seizures. The (re)occurrence of different variants affecting the same highly conserved hydrophilic glutamic acid on position 374 of the V‐proton ATPase subunit B, indicates a potential novel pathogenic hotspot and a critical role for the specific residue in the development of epilepsy. ATP6V1B2 gene defects should be considered when analyzing patients with epilepsy, even in the absence of most cardinal features of DDOD, DOORS, or ZLS such as deafness, onychodystrophy, and osteodystrophy.
Variation in macroevolutionary dynamics among extant primates
Authors: Scott Jeremiah E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study examines how speciation and extinction rates vary across primates, with a focus on the recent macroevolutionary dynamics that have shaped extant primate biodiversity.Materials and methodsLineage‐specific macroevolutionary rates were estimated for each tip in a tree containing 307 species using a hidden‐state likelihood model. Differences in tip rates among major clades were evaluated using phylogenetic ANOVA. Differences among diurnal, nocturnal, and cathemeral lineages were also evaluated, based on previous work indicating that activity pattern influences primate diversification.ResultsRate variation in extant primates is low within clades and high between clades. As in previous studies, cercopithecoids stand out in having high net diversification rates, driven by high speciation rates and very low extinction rates. Platyrrhines combine high speciation and high extinction rates, giving them high rates of lineage turnover. Strepsirrhines and tarsiids have low rates of speciation, extinction, turnover, and net diversification. Hominoids are intermediate between platyrrhines and the strepsirrhine‐tarsiid group, and there is evidence for differentiation between hominids and hylobatids. Diurnal lineages have significantly higher speciation rates than nocturnal lineages.ConclusionsRecent anthropoid macroevolution has been characterized by marked variation in diversification dynamics among clades. Strepsirrhines and tarsiids are more uniform, despite divergent evolutionary and biogeographic histories. Higher speciation rates in diurnal lineages may be driven by greater ecological opportunity or reliance on visual signals for mate recognition. However, the differences among anthropoids indicate that factors other than activity pattern (e.g., clade competition, historical contingency) have had a more influential role in shaping recent primate diversification.
Engineering Enzyme Substrate Scope Complementarity for Promiscuous Cascade Synthesis of 1,2‐Amino Alcohols
Authors: McDonald Allwin D. , Bruffy Samantha K. , Kasat Aadhishre T. , Buller Andrew R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBiocatalytic cascades are uniquely powerful for the efficient, asymmetric synthesis of bioactive compounds. However, high substrate specificity can hinder the scope of biocatalytic cascades because the constituent enzymes may have non‐complementary activity. In this study, we implemented a substrate multiplexed screening (SUMS) based directed evolution approach to improve the substrate scope overlap between a transaldolase (ObiH) and a decarboxylase for the production of chiral 1,2‐amino alcohols. To generate a promiscuous cascade, we engineered a tryptophan decarboxylase to act efficiently on β‐OH amino acids while avoiding activity onl‐threonine, which is needed for ObiH activity. We leveraged this exquisite selectivity with matched substrate scope to produce a variety of enantiopure 1,2‐amino alcohols in a one‐pot cascade from aldehydes or styrene oxides. This demonstration shows how SUMS can be used to guide the development of promiscuous, C−C bond forming cascades.
Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide decorated MXene/polyimide nanocomposites with enhanced dielectric properties, thermostability, and moisture resistance
Authors: Cao Xianwu , Lu Chonghao , Zhao Wanjing , Tong Yizhang , He Guangjian , Zou Xinliang , Feng Yanhong , Yang Zhitao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnder extreme conditions, the polymer dielectric materials are expected to have good dielectric properties and heat resistance. Polyimide (PI) has high service temperature (>250°C) and low dielectric loss, but its low dielectric constant limits its further application. The addition of MXene can significantly improve the dielectric constant of PI, but the poor compatibility between MXene and weak polar matrix leads to Bénard‐Marangoni (BM) instability in the process of thermal imidization. This issue can be solved by the surface modification of MXene. Therefore, in this work, a new cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) decorated MXene/PI nanocomposite film was prepared by in‐situ polymerization. With the addition of 7 wt% MXene@CTAB, the PI nanocomposite shows improved dielectric constant (k = 7.8 at 100 Hz), which is 2.4 times that of pure PI due to the formation of micro‐capacitors structure and Maxwell‐Wagner‐Sillars (MWS) interfacial polarization. Its dielectric loss keeps at an ultra‐low level (0.027 at 100 Hz) while that of 7 wt% MXene/PI nanocomposite is 3.027. It is owing that CTAB inhibits the agglomeration of MXene. In addition, MXene@CTAB/PI composites have excellent thermal stability, good hydrophobicity, and low water absorption. The above properties ensure MXene@CTAB/PI composites wide application in various extreme situations.
Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor Based on Nitrogen‐doped Molybdenum Carbide Nanosphere for Trace Analysis of Resveratrol
Authors: Lu Huan , An Jiangxue , Huang Yan , Cui Hanyue , Yang Jing , Li Li , Ding Yaping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based on nitrogen‐doped molybdenum carbide(N−Mo2C) nanosphere was fabricated for trace analysis of resveratrol in this work. N−Mo2C with large specific surface area and good electrical conductivity was introduced to construct a sensitive imprinting platform. Molecularly imprinted polymer film was prepared through a simple electropolymerization method using resveratrol as the template molecule and o‐phenylenediamine as the functional monomer. The sensor shows great analytical performance in the concentration range of 10−9 mol L−1 to 10−4 mol L−1and the detection limit is as low as 4.37×10−10 mol L−1. The sensor also has the advantages of good selectivity, reproducibility and stability, which opens a new way for the application of molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors in the field ofbiomedicine detection.
Miscellaneous radio galaxies from LOFAR survey
Authors: Sasmal Tapan K. , Bera Soumen , Mondal Soumen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOur work aims to identify the miscellaneous radio galaxies (MRGs) using the LOFAR Two‐meter Sky Survey First Data Release (LoTSS DR1) at 144 MHz. The miscellaneous radio sources are very rare because of their peculiar morphological radio structure, which does not match with the known classes of radio sources. We find only four such MRGs by manually examining 18,500 samples. The peculiar morphology is not found in other radio frequencies 1400, 150, and 325 MHz. We estimate different physical parameters like spectral index, radio luminosity, and radio power of these sources. Among the four MRGs, J1428+4556 has the highest linear size of 3.972 Mpc and can be considered a giant radio galaxy. We also try to present the known galaxy cluster association with these MRGs. We find that the MRGs are associated with at least one galaxy cluster within 1 Mpc radius. The basic parameters such as mass, radius, and richness of the clusters are also noted.
Investigating the impact of adopting Python and C languages for introductory engineering programming courses
Authors: Balreira Dennis G. , Silveira Thiago L. T. da , Wickboldt Juliano A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractProgramming is one of the most fundamental initial skills for engineering students. Institutions that offer engineering courses have the challenge of deciding how to deliver this subject since it requires unique thinking from students. This paper addresses the impact of adopting C and Python programming languages in introductory programming courses for engineering students. A case study was conducted in the university's introductory programming course, analyzing student data. This approach divides the students into two groups according to the programming language: C and Python. Data were gathered and analyzed about their learning experiences through questionnaires, assignment scores, and students' questions posted in the class online forums. The experiment was repeated in two consecutive semesters. The main results favor Python regarding learning confidence, motivation, and general programming design decisions while favoring C for the easiness of learning data structures. This study may be helpful for institutions considering designing a new introductory programming course or redesigning existing ones.
High Selective Direct Synthesis of H2O2 over Pd1@γ‐Al2O3 Single‐Atom Catalyst
Authors: Wang Xuning , Xu Haoxiang , Luo Yibin , Cheng Daojian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPd‐based catalysts are essential for direct synthesis of H2O2 from H2 and O2, which still need further improvement of the activity and selectivity by engineering the status of Pd active species. In this work, isolated Pd atoms anchored on Al vacancy of the γ‐Al2O3(100) surface (Pd1@γ‐Al2O3(100)) are proposed to act as a heterogeneous catalyst for direct synthesis of H2O2 from first‐principles theoretical study and micro‐kinetic analysis. The thermodynamic stability and whole catalytic mechanism for conversion of O2 to H2O2 on Pd1@γ‐Al2O3(100) was studied. It is found that the high selectivity toward H2O2 of Pd1@γ‐Al2O3(100) is attributed to the high oxidation state of isolated Pd active sites with high stability against atom‐aggregation, derived from the strong electronic metal‐support interaction. The formation of 3+ cation state of isolated Pd atoms activates adsorbed oxygen molecule for hydrogenation and simnutaously restrains the formation of intermediate toward by‐product, compared with traditional bulk Pd catalyst in the metallic state. This work provides theoretical insights into the feasibility of atom‐level dispersion Pd to catalyze direct synthesis of H2O2 and guidance for its future development.
Metal‐Catalyzed Hydrophosphination
Authors: Novas Bryan T. , Waterman Rory 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOrganophosphines have garnered attention from many avenues ranging from agriculture to fine chemicals. One‐time use of phosphate resources has made sustainable use of phosphorus overall imperative. Hydrophosphination serves as an efficient method to selectively prepare P−C bonds, furnishing a range of phosphorus‐containing molecules while maximizing the efficient use of phosphorus. Since the first report in 1958, a wide array of catalysts have appeared for hydrophosphination, a reaction that is spontaneous in some instances. This review presents a representative view of the literature based on known catalysts through mid‐2022, highlighting extensions to unique substrates and advances in selectivity. While several excellent reviews have appeared for aspects of this transformation, this review is meant as a comprehensive guide to reported catalysts.
Prediction of bio‐oil yield during pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Mathur Jayant , Baruah Bhargav , Tiwari Pankaj 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis work aims to implement and use machine learning algorithms to predict the yield of bio‐oil during the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass based on the physicochemical properties and composition of the biomass feed and pyrolysis conditions. The biomass pyrolysis process is influenced by different process parameters, such as pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, composition of biomass, and purge gas flow rate. The inter‐relation between the yield of different pyrolysis products and process parameters can be well predicted by using different machine learning algorithms. In this study, different machine learning algorithms, namely, multi‐linear regression, gradient boosting, random forest, and decision tree, have been trained on the dataset and the models are compared to identify the optimum method for the determination of bio‐oil yield prediction model. Analysis of the results showed the gradient boosting method to possess a regression score of 0.97 and 0.89 for the training and testing sets with root‐mean‐squared error (RMSE) values of 1.19 and 2.39, respectively, and overcome the problem of overfitting. Therefore, the present study provides an approach to train a generalized machine learning model, which can be employed on large datasets while avoiding the error of overfitting.
Chemistry creates transparency: Will future window panes be wood‐based?
Authors: Maaß Mona Christin , Schüler Tom , Waitz Thomas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHolz hat gegenüber vielen anderen Materialien zahlreiche ökologische Vorteile und wird deshalb immer vielfältiger verwendet, z. B. für die Herstellung von Fahrradrahmen. In Zukunft könnten auch Fensterscheiben daraus gefertigt werden, weil es Wissenschaftler:innen vor Kurzem gelungen ist, transparentes Holz herzustellen. Dies hätte auch ökonomische Vorteile, da transparentes Holz besser wärmeisolierend als Glas ist und für Raumwärme laut Bundesverband der Energie‐ und Wasserwirtschaft immerhin mehr als ein Viertel der in Deutschland insgesamt benötigten Energie aufgewendet werden muss und außerdem die Glasherstellung vergleichsweise energieaufwendig ist. In diesem Artikel werden die fachlichen Grundlagen zur Herstellung von transparentem Holz beschrieben. Darüber hinaus werden Experimente zur Umsetzung des Verfahrens in der Schule und zu den optischen sowie thermischen Eigenschaften des transparenten Holzes präsentiert. Abschließend werden didaktische Perspektiven für den Chemieunterricht aufgezeigt.
Retinal neuroblast migration and ganglion cell layer organization require the cytoskeletal‐interacting protein Mllt11
Authors: Blommers Marley , Stanton‐Turcotte Danielle , Iulianella Angelo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe vertebrate retina is an organized laminar structure comprised of distinct cell types populating three nuclear layers. During development, each retinal cell type follows a stereotypical temporal order of genesis, differentiation, and migration, giving rise to its stratified organization. Once born, the precise positioning of cells along the apico‐basal (radial) axis of the retina is critical for subsequent connections to form, relying on highly orchestrated migratory processes. While these processes are critical for visual function to arise, the regulators of cellular migration and retinal lamination remain largely unexplored.ResultsWe report a role for a microtubule‐interacting protein, Mllt11 (myeloid/lymphoid or mixed‐lineage leukemia; translocated to chromosome 11/All1 fused gene from chromosome 1q) in mammalian retinal cell migration during retinogenesis. We show that Mllt11 loss‐of‐function in mouse retinal neuroblasts affected the migration of ganglion and amacrine cells into the ganglion cell layer and led to their aberrant accumulation in the inner nuclear and plexiform layers.ConclusionsWe demonstrate a role for Mllt11 in neuroblast migration and formation of the ganglion cell layer of the retina.
Glycemic burden and the risk of adverse hepatic outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Mak Lung‐Yi , Hui Rex Wan‐Hin , Lee Chi‐Ho , Mao XianHua , Cheung Ka‐Shing , Wong Danny Ka‐Ho , Lui David Tak‐Wai , Fung James , Yuen Man‐Fung , Seto Wai‐Kay 
Published: September 2022

Background and Aims:
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is common among patients with chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) and has been associated with increased risk of carcinogenesis, including HCC. We investigated factors associated with HCC and fibrosis progression among patients with CHB with T2D (CHB+T2D).

Approach and Results:
Chinese patients with CHB were prospectively recruited for the incidence of HCC and fibrosis progression defined by transient elastography. Among patients with CHB+T2D, glycemic control was assessed by mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and HbA1c variability determined using HbA1c measurements in the 5 years preceding recruitment. A total of 2330 patients with CHB were recruited (mean age 54.6 ±11.8 years old, 55.5% male, 57.9% antiviral‐treated), with 671 (28.8%) having CHB+T2D (mean T2D duration 7.2 ± 4.6 years, mean HbA1c 7.2 ± 0.9%). T2D was independently associated with HCC (HR 2.080, 95% CI 1.343–3.222) and fibrosis progression (OR 4.305, 95% CI 3.416–5.424) in the overall cohort. In patients with CHB+T2D, factors reflecting glycemic burden (T2D duration [HR 1.107, 95% CI 1.023–1.198]), mean HbA1c (HR 1.851, 95% CI 1.026–3.339), time reaching target HbA1c (HbA1c‐TRT; HR 0.978, 95% CI 0.957–0.999), liver stiffness (HR 1.041–1.043), and smoking (HR 2.726–3.344) were independently associated with HCC (all p < 0.05), but not HbA1c variability or controlled attenuation parameter. The same glycemic burden–related factors (T2D duration, mean HbA1c, and HbA1c‐TRT), in addition to baseline fasting glucose, baseline HbA1c, AST and antiviral therapy, were independently associated with fibrosis progression at 3 years.

Conclusions:
High glycemic burden was associated with HCC development and fibrosis progression among patients with CHB+T2D, highlighting the importance of glycemic control in reducing liver‐related complications.
Evaluation of SEAWAVE–QEX in a high agricultural intensity catchment in Belgium
Authors: Rathjens Hendrik , Miguez Maria Bettina , Winchell Michael , Sur Robin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pesticide surface water monitoring data have rarely been used as the only quantitative measure of exposure because the available monitoring data for most pesticides has not been considered robust enough for direct use in pesticide exposure assessments due to infrequent sampling. The cost of daily sample collection and analysis prohibits frequent sampling for most monitoring programs. In this context, a common question raised in assessments is how likely peak concentrations (i.e., annual maxima) may be missed if sampling intervals are longer than daily. The US Geological Survey developed the statistical model “seasonal wave with streamflow adjustment and extended capability” (SEAWAVE–QEX) to address the need to estimate infrequently occurring pesticide concentrations, such as annual maximum daily concentrations, for sites with nondaily monitoring data. This study compares the results of two postprocessing methods and evaluates the capability of SEAWAVE–QEX to estimate annual maximum concentrations of three commonly used herbicides and one metabolite in a catchment in Belgium. The study concludes that the appropriateness of using SEAWAVE–QEX to estimate annual maximum concentrations depends on pesticide characteristics and use and that the model can be particularly sensitive to nonflow correlated exposure events (e.g., point source contributions or drift). Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:513–526. © 2022 Stone Environmental and Bayer AG Crop Science Division. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Perception of COVID‐19 pandemic restrictions on dental researchers
Authors: De Souza Grace M. , Tiwari Tamanna , Fox Christopher H. , Miguez Patricia A. , Letra Ariadne , Geisinger Maria L. , Patel Mangala , Shaddox Luciana , Ioannidou Effie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground/objectivesHistorical evidence shows a gender‐based disproportionate effect of pandemics across different populations. In 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic began spreading its devastating effects worldwide. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic on research productivity, work‐life arrangements, and mental health of dental professionals worldwide with focus on gender differences.MethodsA 38‐item survey, concerning demographics, career stage, employer support, family structure, mental health, and relationships, was distributed to 7692 active members of the International Association for Dental Research. Bivariate associations between independent variables and the primary outcome variable were tested using Spearman's correlation test. A logistic regression model was used to assess the simultaneous, independent associations between each variable and researcher productivity.ResultsA total of 722 responses were obtained, indicating a 9.4% response rate. Higher productivity was reported by male respondents (p = 0.021), and by those in senior career stages (p = 0.001). Institutional support was associated with higher productivity (p < 0.0001). Lower productivity was reported by younger researchers (p = 0.003). Remote work negatively affected productivity (p < 0.0001) and female respondents reported working more hours, regardless of work location (p = 0.004). Poor mental health was associated with low productivity (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsOur results showed that the COVID‐19 pandemic significantly affected dental professionals’ perceived productivity and mental health around the globe. Younger individuals and women were disproportionally affected, and institutional support had a significant influence to mitigate effects of the pandemic for dental researchers.
Investigating the consistency of extracellular vesicle production from breast cancer subtypes using CELLine adherent bioreactors
Authors: Hisey Colin L. , Artuyants Anastasiia , Guo George , Chang Vanessa , Reshef Gabrielle , Middleditch Martin , Jacob Bincy , Chamley Lawrence W. , Blenkiron Cherie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicle (EV) research has grown rapidly in recent years, largely due to the potential use of EVs as liquid biopsy biomarkers or therapeutics. However, in‐depth characterisation and validation of EVs produced using conventional in vitro cultures can be challenging due to the large area of cell monolayers and volumes of culture media required. To overcome this obstacle, multiple bioreactor designs have been tested for EV production with varying success, but the consistency of EVs produced over time in these systems has not been reported previously. In this study, we demonstrate that several breast cancer cell lines of different subtypes can be cultured simultaneously in space, resource, and time efficient manner using CELLine AD 1000 systems, allowing the consistent production of vast amounts of EVs for downstream experimentation. We report an improved workflow used for inoculating, maintaining, and monitoring the bioreactors, their EV production, and the characterisation of the EVs produced. Lastly, our proteomic analyses of the EVs produced throughout the lifetime of the bioreactors show that core EV‐associated proteins are relatively consistent, with few minor variations over time, but that tracking the production of EVs is a convenient method to indirectly monitor the bioreactor and consistency of the yielded EVs. These findings will aid future studies requiring the simultaneous production of large amounts of EVs from several cell lines of different subtypes of a disease and other EV biomanufacturing applications.