bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Early Cretaceous tectonic evolution of the Neo-Tethys: constraints from zircon U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry of the Liuqiong adakite, Gongga, Tibet
Authors: Zhong Yao , Yang Wen-Guang , Zhu Li-Dong , Xie Long , Mai Yuan-Jun , Li Nan , Zhou Yu , Zhang Hong-Liang , Tong Xia , Feng Wei-Na 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe subduction model of the Neo-Tethys during the Early Cretaceous has always been a controversial topic, and the scarcity of Early Cretaceous magmatic rocks in the southern part of the Gangdese batholith is the main cause of this debate. To address this issue, this article presents new zircon U–Pb chronology, zircon Hf isotope, whole-rock geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotope data for the Early Cretaceous quartz diorite dykes with adakite affinity in Liuqiong, Gongga. Zircon U–Pb dating of three samples yielded ages of c. 141–137 Ma, indicating that the Liuqiong quartz diorite was emplaced in the Early Cretaceous. The whole-rock geochemical analysis shows that the Liuqiong quartz diorite is enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and light rare-earth elements (LREEs) and is depleted in high-field-strength elements (HFSEs), which are related to slab subduction. Additionally, the Liuqiong quartz diorite has high SiO2, Al2O3 and Sr contents, high Sr/Y ratios and low heavy rare-earth element (HREE) and Y contents, which are compatible with typical adakite signatures. The initial 87Sr/86Sr values of the Liuqiong adakite range from 0.705617 to 0.705853, and the whole-rock ϵNd(t) values vary between +5.78 and +6.24. The zircon ϵHf(t) values vary from +11.5 to +16.4. Our results show that the Liuqiong adakite magma was derived from partial melting of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic plate (mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) + sediment + fluid), with some degree of subsequent peridotite interaction within the overlying mantle wedge. Combining regional data, we favour the interpretation that the Neo-Tethyan oceanic crust was subducted at a low angle beneath the Gangdese during the Early Cretaceous.
Evangelical Christianity as Infrastructure in Brazil's Penal System
Authors: Thompson David C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article contends that Brazil's evangelical Christian networks increasingly function as penal infrastructure. Since the 1990s, the scale and scope of evangelical involvement in the criminal justice system have grown significantly. One clear result is that the capillary relationships that constitute Christian community now mobilise resources to support or even substitute the basic functions of punishment. I draw on fieldwork in Rio de Janeiro to understand this shift and its broader implications for the Brazilian project of incarceration. I also make a general claim for thinking with and through infrastructure as a pathway to understand penal governance.
Seagrass ‘fairy circles’ on the Isles of Scilly
Authors: Warwick Richard M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPerfectly circular patches bare of vegetation in otherwise continuous swards of seagrass, and perfect circles of seagrass with lush fringes of shoots on the outer margins but with virtually bare centres, have both attracted popular attention as ‘fairy circles’ or ‘fairy rings’ in view of the folklore surrounding the supernatural origins of their terrestrial fungal counterparts. Aerial photographic and satellite surveys show that, on the Isles of Scilly, circles of Zostera marina of the second type occur sporadically, with exceptionally prolific clusters in specific localities associated with the colonization of bare substratum after disturbance, gradually disappearing over the period of this study at one site and appearing at another. Their abundance is the highest recorded anywhere in the world. Early suggestions that they represent seaweed growth on the stones of ancient hut-circles, submerged for centuries as a result of sea-level rise, are refuted. It is argued that they result from the unrestricted clonal growth of genets arising from individual Zostera seedlings, expanding equally in two dimensions and colonizing vacant habitat, with the older central shoots senescing and dying. Diameters of the circles constitute a stepwise increase in size, and the growth increments may represent a similar rate of seasonal growth in consecutive years, implying a linear rhizome growth rate of ~2.5 m year−1, which would be exceptional for Zostera marina, but which is supported by an observation on circles exposed on a low spring tide and would be an evolutionary adaptation for rapid recolonization in such a physically disturbed environment.
Analysis of a long-term dataset of Antillean manatee strandings in Belize: implications for conservation
Authors: Galves Jamal , Galves Celeshia Guy , Gomez Nicole Auil , Bonde Robert K. , Powell James , Alvarez-Alemán Anmari , Castelblanco-Martínez Nataly 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe analysed 23 years of data on strandings of the Antillean manatee Trichechus manatus manatus in Belize, documented by the Belize Marine Mammal Stranding Network, to examine the threats to this population. A total of 451 stranding incidents were reported, of which 376 (83.4%) cases were verified. A total of 286 (63.4%) of the incidents occurred within Belize District, where the number of strandings has almost tripled since 2009. Watercraft collisions accounted for the highest number of strandings, with 131 confirmed cases, and is the leading cause of anthropogenic mortality for this population. Collision with watercraft is an emerging and major threat to manatees in Belize, and is correlated with increases in human activity, in particular associated with tourism. This finding of high levels of manatee deaths in Belize is consistent with trends previously reported for manatees in Florida and Puerto Rico. This work can provide guidance to detect and address similar patterns of mortality in other Antillean manatee populations across the species' range. There is a need for greater awareness of the threats facing the species and its habitat, for stakeholder partnerships to address these threats, implementation of legislation for the protection of manatees, and consistent enforcement of regulations to protect this population. Boating regulations, such as no-wake zones within areas of high manatee presence, as well as regulation of tourism boating activities, need to be implemented to reduce the threats to the species.
Pre-operative nutritional status and its association with short-term post-operative outcomes in Iranian children with CHD
Authors: Aryafar Maryam , Mahdavi Mohammad , Shahzadi Hossein , Gabeleh Fatemeh , Nasrollahzadeh Javad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground:Nutritional assessment appears to be an essential component of the evaluation of children with CHD undergoing surgery because nutritional status may impact corrective surgery-associated morbidity.Methods:A prospective single-centre cohort study with children between 6 and 24 months of age. Patients who had genetic syndromes or those who were premature or low birthweight at birth were excluded. Pre-operative nutritional parameters included anthropometric measurements and serum concentrations of total protein, vitamin D, iron, and ferritin. Outcome measures included ICU length of stay, mechanical ventilation, vasoactive-inotropic score, and duration of inotropes. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine whether pre-operative variables were associated with outcomes.Results:Analysis was performed on 120 patients (median age of 8 months), of whom 67 were male. Prior to surgery, 50.8% of patients had reduced (z ≤ −2.0) weight-for-age z score, 23.3% had reduced length-for-age z score, and 59.2% had reduced mid-upper arm circumference z score. Pre-operative serum total protein levels were 59.36 ± 9.16 g/L. Multiple regression analysis showed that low serum protein was associated with longer ICU length of stay and length of mechanical ventilation, while mid-upper arm circumference z score ≤ −2 was associated with longer ICU length of stay and mechanical ventilation and inotropes duration.Conclusions:Pre-operative assessment of nutritional status by performing anthropometric and biochemical measurements including mid-upper arm circumference z score and serum protein concentrations in children undergoing CHD surgery appears to be predictors of some post-operative short-term outcomes and could be used as a guide to highlight patients needing appropriate perioperative nutritional interventions.
Gender Research in Political Science Journals: A Dataset
Authors: Barnett Carolyn , FitzGerald Michael , Krumbholz Katie , Lamba Manika 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTResearch on gender and politics is becoming increasingly mainstreamed within political science. To document this process, we introduce a comprehensive dataset of articles published in 37 political science journals through 2019 that can be considered “gender and politics” research. Whereas recent related literature has explored the descriptive representation of women in political science by examining authorship and citation patterns, we argue that the identification of publications substantively focused on gender and politics not only illuminates trends but also can contribute to broader conversations about substantive representation and methodological diversity in the discipline. This article highlights the theoretical challenges of identifying gender and politics research and analyzes major trends in the substantive representation of gender in the journals over time. This dataset is useful for scholars who are interested in the evolution of salient topics in gender and politics research and patterns of citation.
Experience-Based Competency Training in Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy
Authors: Ehrenthal Johannes C. , Clauss Johannes , Tettenborn Alexandra von , Reck Corinna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Background: Compared to adult psychotherapy training, there is little knowledge about the use of standardized actor-patients (SPs) for the development of professional competencies for younger patient populations. Objective: We assessed the effectiveness of two university-based training programs for diagnostic as well as intervention skills in child and adolescent psychotherapy. Methods: Psychology students took part in two courses on the development of diagnostic competencies ( N = 59) and on intervention skills ( N = 51). We applied active and experience-based learning strategies, including exercises on self-awareness, mindfulness, peer role-play, and the use of SPs. Competence gain as well as a general evaluation of the seminars were assessed by self-report. Results: For both seminars, self-reported competence increased significantly with a large effect. The retrospective evaluation of learning success and acceptance ratings of the didactic formats were high. Conclusions: Experience-based trainings that include SPs are a feasible option for child and adolescent psychotherapy. The findings are discussed from a conceptual as well as a practical perspective.
Projected Effects of Temperature and Precipitation Variability Change on Streamflow Patterns Using a Functional Flows Approach
Authors: Patterson Noelle K. , Lane Belize A. , Sandoval‐Solis Samuel , Persad Geeta G. , Ortiz‐Partida J. Pablo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStreamflow patterns are shifting with climate change, and these shifts pose increasing risk to freshwater ecosystems. These emerging changes must be linked with ecological functions of river systems to understand how climate change may affect freshwater biota. In this study we used a functional flows approach to analyze the ecological effects of changing streamflow patterns in snowmelt‐dominated watersheds of the Sierra Nevada mountains of California. Our climate change modeling method combined ensemble Global Climate Models (GCMs) and decision scaling methods to incorporate the effects of GCM‐projected changes in precipitation variability on streamflow patterns. Of climate parameters explored, air temperature causes the most change in functional flows, although precipitation variability compounds changes driven by air temperature. The greatest changes in ecologically‐relevant streamflow patterns manifest as longer and drier dry season conditions, earlier snowmelt recession, and higher‐magnitude peak flows. Although the directions of changes in functional flow metrics are largely consistent across models and watersheds, the magnitude of change depends strongly on human emissions levels. The analytical approach used in this study can serve as a model for integrating multiple approaches in hydroclimatic assessment of ecological change, and the results can help prioritize specific aspects of the flow regime for restoration efforts.
Improved Surface Mass Balance Closure in Ocean Hindcast Simulations
Authors: Harrison Matthew , Adcroft Alistair , Hallberg Robert , Sergienko Olga 
Published: June 2022

AbstractForced global ocean/sea‐ice hindcast simulations are subject to persistent surface mass flux estimation biases, for example, configurations with an explicit‐free surface may not take into account the seasonal storage of water on land when constraining sea level. We present a physically motivated surface mass flux closure, that results in: reduced watermass drift from initialization; improved Atlantic meridional overturning cirulation intensity; and more realistic rates of ocean heat uptake, in simulations using global ocean/sea‐ice/land (MOM6/SIS2/LM3) model configurations, forced with atmospheric reanalysis data. In addition to accounting for the land storage, the area‐integrated subpolar‐to‐polar (40°–90°N/S) surface mass fluxes are constrained, using a climatological estimate derived from the the CMIP6 historical ensemble, which helps to further improve hindcast performance. Simulations using MERRA‐2 and JRA55‐do forcing, subject to identical hydrologic constraints, exhibit similar reductions in drift.
Locally Relevant High‐Resolution Hydrodynamic Modeling of River Floods at the Regional Scale
Authors: Buttinger‐Kreuzhuber Andreas , Waser Jürgen , Cornel Daniel , Horváth Zsolt , Konev Artem , Wimmer Michael H. , Komma Jürgen , Blöschl Günter 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper deals with the simulation of inundated areas for a region of 84,000 km2 from estimated flood discharges at a resolution of 2 m. We develop a modeling framework that enables efficient parallel processing of the project region by splitting it into simulation tiles. For each simulation tile, the framework automatically calculates all input data and boundary conditions required for the hydraulic simulation on‐the‐fly. A novel method is proposed that ensures regionally consistent flood peak probabilities. Instead of simulating individual events, the framework simulates effective hydrographs consistent with the flood quantiles by adjusting streamflow at river nodes. The model accounts for local effects from buildings, culverts, levees, and retention basins. The two‐dimensional full shallow water equations are solved by a second‐order accurate scheme for all river reaches in Austria with catchment sizes over 10 km2, totaling 33,380 km. Using graphics processing units (GPUs), a single NVIDIA Titan RTX simulates a period of 3 days for a tile with 50 million wet cells in less than 3 days. We find good agreement between simulated and measured stage–discharge relationships at gauges. The simulated flood hazard maps also compare well with local high‐quality flood maps, achieving critical success index scores of 0.6–0.79.
Study of the Air‐Sea Momentum Flux of the Coastal Marine Boundary Layer During Typhoons
Authors: Li Qilong , Cheng Xueling , Zeng Xiaodong , Zhou Guangqing , Huang Jian , Wu Lin , Zeng Qingcun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe analyzed the variations in the mean wind field, turbulence, and turbulent flux of three typhoons using observational data obtained from an offshore monitoring platform. The turbulent fluctuation intensity and friction velocity are found to increase with wind speed both before and after landfall with two different relationships as two distinct branches on the turbulence‐wind diagram. Turbulent fluctuation intensity is found to decrease with increasing wind speed during landfall because of the transition of land‐based turbulence to sea‐based turbulence. The relationships between the friction velocity and drag coefficient and the wind speed were similarly affected by whether the typhoon makes landfall, and the relative position of the landfall site of the typhoon to the observation site.
Matrix Approach to Land Carbon Cycle Modeling
Authors: Luo Yiqi , Huang Yuanyuan , Sierra Carlos A. , Xia Jianyang , Ahlström Anders , Chen Yizhao , Hararuk Oleksandra , Hou Enqing , Jiang Lifen , Liao Cuijuan , Lu Xingjie , Shi Zheng , Smith Benjamin , Tao Feng , Wang Ying‐Ping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLand ecosystems contribute to climate change mitigation by taking up approximately 30% of anthropogenically emitted carbon. However, estimates of the amount and distribution of carbon uptake across the world's ecosystems or biomes display great uncertainty. The latter hinders a full understanding of the mechanisms and drivers of land carbon uptake, and predictions of the future fate of the land carbon sink. The latter is needed as evidence to inform climate mitigation strategies such as afforestation schemes. To advance land carbon cycle modeling, we have developed a matrix approach. Land carbon cycle models use carbon balance equations to represent carbon exchanges among pools. Our approach organizes this set of equations into a single matrix equation without altering any processes of the original model. The matrix equation enables the development of a theoretical framework for understanding the general, transient behavior of the land carbon cycle. While carbon input and residence time are used to quantify carbon storage capacity at steady state, a third quantity, carbon storage potential, integrates fluxes with time to define dynamic disequilibrium of the carbon cycle under global change. The matrix approach can help address critical contemporary issues in modeling, including pinpointing sources of model uncertainty and accelerating spin‐up of land carbon cycle models by tens of times. The accelerated spin‐up liberates models from the computational burden that hinders comprehensive parameter sensitivity analysis and assimilation of observational data to improve model accuracy. Such computational efficiency offered by the matrix approach enables substantial improvement of model predictions using ever‐increasing data availability. Overall, the matrix approach offers a step change forward for understanding and modeling the land carbon cycle.
From Soils to Streams: Connecting Terrestrial Carbon Transformation, Chemical Weathering, and Solute Export Across Hydrological Regimes
Authors: Wen Hang , Sullivan Pamela L. , Billings Sharon A. , Ajami Hoori , Cueva Alejandro , Flores Alejandro , Hirmas Daniel R. , Koop Aaron N. , Murenbeeld Katie , Zhang Xi , Li Li 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSoil biota generates carbon that exports vertically to the atmosphere (CO2) and transports laterally to streams and rivers (dissolved organic and inorganic carbon, DOC and DIC). These processes, together with chemical weathering, vary with flow paths across hydrological regimes; yet an integrated understanding of these interactive processes is still lacking. Here we ask: How and to what extent do subsurface carbon transformation, chemical weathering, and solute export differ across hydrological and subsurface structure regimes? We address this question using a hillslope reactive transport model calibrated using soil CO2 and water chemistry data from Fitch, a temperate forest at the ecotone boundary of the Eastern temperate forest and mid‐continent grasslands in Kansas, USA. Model results show that droughts (discharge at 0.08 mm/day) promoted deeper flow paths, longer water transit time, carbonate precipitation, and mineralization of organic carbon (OC) into inorganic carbon (IC) (∼98% of OC). Of the IC produced, ∼86% was emitted upward as CO2 gas and ∼14% was exported laterally as DIC into the stream. Storms (8.0 mm/day) led to carbonate dissolution but reduced OC mineralization (∼88% of OC) and promoted DOC production (∼12% of OC) and lateral fluxes of IC (∼53% of produced IC). Differences in shallow‐versus‐deep permeability contrasts led to smaller difference (<10%) than discharge‐induced differences and were most pronounced under wet conditions. High permeability contrasts (low vertical connectivity) enhanced lateral fluxes. Model results generally delineate hillslopes as active CO2 producers and vertical carbon transporters under dry conditions, and as active DOC producers and lateral carbon transporter under wet conditions.
Environmentally friendly Fe3+-activated near-infrared-emitting phosphors for spectroscopic analysis
Authors: Wang Jing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHighly efficient Fe3+-activated Sr2-yCay(InSb)1-zSn2zO6 broadband near-infrared-emitting phosphors with tunable emission from 885 to 1005 nm are developed as alternative for primarily studed toxic Cr3+-activated near-infrared-emitting phosphors for application in spectroscopy analysis.
Augmented pain inhibition and higher integration of pain modulatory brain networks in women with self-injury behavior
Authors: Lalouni Maria , Fust Jens , Bjureberg Johan , Kastrati Gránit , Fondberg Robin , Fransson Peter , Jayaram-Lindström Nitya , Kosek Eva , Hellner Clara , Jensen Karin B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIndividuals who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) have demonstrated insensitivity to pain compared with individuals without NSSI. Yet, the neural mechanisms behind this difference are unknown. The objective of the present study was to determine which aspects of the pain regulatory system that account for this decreased sensitivity to pain. In a case–control design, 81 women, aged 18–35 (mean [SD] age, 23.4 [3.9]), were included (41 with NSSI and 40 healthy controls). A quantitative sensory testing protocol, including heat pain thresholds, heat pain tolerance, pressure pain thresholds, conditioned pain modulation (assessing central down-regulation of pain), and temporal summation (assessing facilitation of pain signals) was used. Pain-evoked brain responses were assessed by means of fMRI scanning during thermal pain. NSSI participants showed a more effective central down-regulation of pain, compared to controls, assessed with conditioned pain modulation. The neural responses to painful stimulation revealed a stronger relation between nociceptive and pain modulatory brain regions in NSSI compared to controls. In line with previous studies, pressure and heat pain thresholds were higher in participants with NSSI, however, there were no correlations between pain outcomes and NSSI clinical characteristics. The augmented pain inhibition and higher involvement of pain modulatory brain networks in NSSI may represent a pain insensitive endophenotype associated with a greater risk for developing self-injurious behavior.