bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta‐analysis of early adolescent self‐regulation interventions: Moderation by intervention and outcome type
Authors: Murray Desiree W. , Kurian Jennifer , Soliday Hong Sandra L. , Andrade Fernanda C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionSelf‐regulation has been identified as a highly promising target for interventions promoting broad wellbeing across development; however, there appear to be notable limitations in efficacy for early adolescents in particular. One possible reason is that the emotion regulation needs of youth have not been intentionally targeted in many interventions for this age group. The aim of this study is to advance understanding of how different intervention approaches defined from a clear theoretical model may impact different types of outcomes and with regard to different types of measures.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature review of four databases using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines and identified 33 studies of early adolescents (aged 10–15) using five different intervention approaches that were methodologically rigorous (e.g., randomized controlled trial design with low risk of bias). Studies were conducted predominantly in North America (58%), and Western Europe (30%).ResultsA two‐level mixed‐effects meta‐analysis indicated a small but significant overall intervention effect (Hedges g = 0.12). When examined by intervention type, effects were significant only for approaches focusing predominantly on emotion regulation (g = 0.20), which significantly improved behavioral outcomes as well as emotional outcomes. Approaches examining cognitive regulation, parent training, physical activity, and working memory did not differ significantly from zero. Across intervention types, outcomes demonstrated the largest effects for youth report of emotional distress.ConclusionOverall, results suggest that emotion regulation may be a critically important self‐regulation mechanism during early adolescence and demonstrates value in the use of applied theoretical frameworks to operationalize intervention approaches and outcomes.
The mediating role of anxiety/depression symptoms between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and somatic symptoms in adolescents
Authors: Lee Rachel Y. , Oxford Monica L. , Sonney Jennifer , Enquobahrie Daniel A. , Cato Kenrick D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis study examines the relationships among recent adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), somatic symptoms, and anxiety/depression symptoms during adolescence and whether anxiety/depression symptoms mediate the relationship between ACEs and somatic symptoms.MethodsLongitudinal prospective data from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect study of 1354 children and their primary caregivers in the United States was used in this study. A longitudinal cross‐lagged path analysis among recent ACEs, anxiety/depression symptoms, and somatic symptoms at three points during adolescence (ages 12, 14, and 16 years) was conducted.ResultsThe sample was 51% female and 53% African American. The results indicated significant concurrent associations between recent ACEs and increased anxiety/depression symptoms at ages 12, 14, and 16 (β = .27, p < .001; β = .15, p < .001; β = .07, p < .05) and between anxiety/depression symptoms and increased somatic symptoms at ages 12, 14, and 16 years (β = .44, p < .001; β = .39, p < .001; β = .49, p < .001). Moreover, anxiety/depression symptoms significantly mediated the relationship between recent ACEs and concurrent somatic symptoms at ages 12, 14, and 16 years (β = .12, p < .001; β = .06, p < .001; β = .04, p < .05). However, there was no significant relationship between recent ACEs and somatic symptoms.ConclusionThe findings suggest that anxiety/depression symptoms mediate the concurrent relationships between recent ACEs and somatic symptoms at ages 12, 14, and 16. Clinicians should consider assessing anxiety/depression symptoms and possible concurrent exposure to ACEs when caring for adolescents who present with somatic symptoms.
Moral decision making in adolescents: The effects of peer attachment, interpersonal affect, and gender
Authors: Koenig Scott , Gao Yu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionSacrificial moral dilemmas are a useful tool for understanding how individuals reconcile concerns for aggregate welfare with the emotional aversion to deliberately, personally harming others. Yet little is known about how adolescents respond to such dilemmas, even though adolescence is a crucial period for moral development. The present study sought to investigate how adolescents respond to such dilemmas, with a focus on gender differences, age differences, and the role of two individual differences factors: peer attachment and dampened interpersonal affect.MethodsFor this cross‐sectional study, 103 adolescents (mean age = 14.5, SD = 0.81, range = 12–16; 54% girls; 41% Black, 24% White, 15% multiracial, 9% Hispanic/Latin, 3% Other, 2% Asian/Pacific Islander, 1% Native American, 5% no response) were recruited from the local community (Brooklyn, NY, USA). Adolescents responded to a series of sacrificial moral dilemmas. Then, participants and their caregivers completed questionnaires to assess adolescents' callous‐unemotional traits (e.g., lack of empathy) and the quality of their peer relationships.ResultsOn average, participants endorsed committing personal harm for the greater good in 53% of their responses. Girls endorsed personal utilitarian sacrifice more than boys. Peer attachment, but not dampened interpersonal affect, was associated with increased endorsement of personal utilitarian sacrifice. Age and responses to dilemmas were not associated.ConclusionsOur results suggest that peer relationships are an important part of adolescent moral decision‐making, for girls in particular. Our results also indicate that adolescents' utilitarian responses to conventional sacrificial moral dilemmas do not reflect a decreased aversion to interpersonal harm.
In vivo Raman spectroscopy for bladder cancer detection using a superficial Raman probe compared to a nonsuperficial Raman probe
Authors: Stomp‐Agenant Michelle , van Dijk Thomas , R. Onur Alexander , Grimbergen Matthijs , van Melick Harm , Jonges Trudy , Bosch Ruud , van Swol Christiaan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRaman spectroscopy is promising as a noninvasive tool for cancer diagnosis. A superficial Raman probe might improve the classification of bladder cancer, because information is gained solely from the diseased tissue and irrelevant information from deeper layers is omitted. We compared Raman measurements of a superficial to a nonsuperficial probe, in bladder cancer diagnosis. Two‐hundred sixteen Raman measurements and biopsies were taken in vivo from at least one suspicious and one unsuspicious bladder location in 104 patients. A Raman classification model was constructed based on histopathology, using a principal‐component fed linear‐discriminant‐analysis and leave‐one‐person‐out cross‐validation. The diagnostic ability measured in area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.95 and 0.80, the sensitivity was 90% and 85% and the specificity was 87% and 88% for the superficial and the nonsuperficial probe, respectively. We found inflammation to be a confounder and additionally we found a gradual transition from benign to low‐grade to high‐grade urothelial carcinoma. Raman spectroscopy provides additional information to histopathology and the diagnostic value using a superficial probe.
LncRNA CASC15 regulates breast cancer cell stemness via the miR‐654‐5p/MEF2D axis
Authors: Shen Peng , Yu Yang , Yan Yuan , Yu Bofan , You Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEmerging evidence has demonstrated the prognostic and diagnostic potential of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) cancer susceptibility candidate 15 (lncRNA CASC15) for the progression and tumorigenesis of human cancer. However, how CASC15 modulates the stemness of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) is not well understood. In this study, high expression of CASC15 in MCF‐7 CSCs was reported, relative to MCF‐7 cells, and this phenomenon was associated with metastatic lymph nodes, higher TNM stage, and shorter breast cancer survival rates. Further experiments revealed that CASC15 promoted the acquisition of stemness properties of breast cancer cells (BSCCs) by competing with endogenous RNA for miR‐654‐5p, resulting in overexpression of MEF2D in BCSCs. Overall, breast cancer stemness and tumor development are regulated via the CASC15/miR‐654‐5p/MEF2D axis. Accordingly, this pathway can be explored for breast cancer therapy.
The value of ultrasonography in detecting early arthropathic changes and contribution to the clinical approach in patients of hemophilia
Authors: Tamsel İpek , Kavakli Kaan , Özbek S. Süreyya , Hekimsoy İlhan , Balkan Can , Şahin Fahri , Tamsel Sadık 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPURPOSE\AIMHemophilia affects the blood clotting process, is a genetic disease characterized by recurrent bleeding. The hemophilia early arthropathy detection with ultrasound (HEAD‐US) procedure and scoring method were designed for the detection of early changes in affected joints of patients. In this article, it was aimed to detect early arthropathic changes in the joints of hemophilia patients with the HEAD US scoring system and to investigate its clinical contribution.It was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of HEAD‐US scoring in showing early joint damage in subclinical hemophilia cases and its contribution to treatment.METHODSThe present study included 50 hemophilia patients who were admitted to Departments of Pediatric and Adult Hematology for routine follow‐up. During routine follow‐up controls, patients were scored by physical examination and HJHS 2.1 and by ultrasonography and HEAD US. Statistical tests were used to analyze joint health status and the results of US examination in the patient group.RESULTSA total of 294 joints (elbow n = 100, knee n = 94, ankle n = 100) were evaluated by ultrasonography. The mean HJHS and HEAD‐US scores of the patients were 14.94 ± 15.18 and 15.6 ± 12.6, respectively.CONCLUSIONSHEAD‐US is accepted to be more sensitive than HJHS in detecting early signs of arthropathy. Detection of early abnormalities by ultrasonography will enable the development of individualized treatment protocols and to the prevention of arthropathy development.
Silver‐doped nickel oxide as an efficient hole‐transport layer in polymer light‐emitting diodes
Authors: Chen Sy‐Hann , Wu Yung‐Teng , Hsiao Shih‐Hsiang , Tseng Cliff 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, silver‐doped nickel oxide (NiO:Ag) was successfully synthesized by a sol–gel method and spin‐coated on indium titanium oxide (ITO) as a hole‐transport layer for polymer light‐emitting diodes (PLED). After the calcination of the NiO:Ag/ITO substrate at 300°C for 1 h, stable conductive regions and the mean work‐function on the NiO:Ag/ITO surface reached 89.43% and 5.53 eV, respectively, which were greater than those on a conventional poly [3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene] polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/ITO surface. When NiO:Ag (300°C)/ITO was used as an anode window substrate for PLEDs, the enhancement factor for the average current efficiency in the current‐density range of 20–50 mA/cm2 and electroluminescence intensity at an applied bias of 8.0 V were 4.60 and 2.55 times, respectively, in comparison with those of PLED based on a conventional PEDOT:PSS/ITO anode.Highlights
NiO:Ag is synthesized by a sol–gel method and spin‐coated on ITO as a HTL for PLED.
NiO:Ag/ITO calcined at 300°C for 1 h has the best microscopic electrical properties.
The performance for proposed PLED is much better than that for typical PLED.
Presentation of antigen on extracellular vesicles using transmembrane domains from viral glycoproteins for enhanced immunogenicity
Authors: Hu Kai , McKay Paul F. , Samnuan Karnyart , Najer Adrian , Blakney Anna K. , Che Junyi , O'Driscoll Gwen , Cihova Martina , Stevens Molly M. , Shattock Robin J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA vaccine antigen, when launched as DNA or RNA, can be presented in various forms, including intracellular, secreted, membrane‐bound, or on extracellular vesicles (EVs). Whether an antigen in one or more of these forms is superior in immune induction remains unclear. In this study, we used GFP as a model antigen and first compared the EV‐loading efficiency of transmembrane domains (TMs) from various viral glycoproteins, and then investigated whether EV‐bound GFP (EV‐GFP) would enhance immune induction. Our data showed that GFP fused to viral TMs was successfully loaded onto the surface of EVs. In addition, GFP‐bound EVs were predominantly associated with the exosome marker CD81. Immunogenicity study with EV‐GFP‐producing plasmids in mice demonstrated that antigen‐specific IgG and IgA were significantly increased in EV‐GFP groups, compared to soluble and intracellular GFP groups. Similarly, GFP‐specific T cell response‐related cytokines produced by antigen‐stimulated splenocytes were also enhanced in mice immunized with EV‐GFP constructs. Immunogenicity study with purified soluble GFP and GFP EVs further confirmed the immune enhancement property of EV‐GFP in mice. In vitro uptake assays indicated that EV‐GFP was more efficiently taken up than soluble GFP by mouse splenocytes and such uptake was B cell preferential. Taken together, our data indicate that viral TMs can efficiently load antigens onto the EV surface, and that EV‐bound antigen enhances both humoral and cell‐mediated antigen‐specific responses.
The cation channel TRPM8 influences the differentiation and function of human monocytes
Authors: Hornsby Eve , King Hamish W , Peiris Madusha , Buccafusca Roberto , Lee Wing-Yiu Jason , Wing Elinor S , Blackshaw L Ashley , Lindsay James O , Stagg Andrew J 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMonocytes are mononuclear phagocytes that can differentiate to a variety of cell fates under the influence of their microenvironment and hardwired commitment. We found that inhibition of TRPM8 in human blood CD14+ monocytes during a critical 3-h window at the beginning of their differentiation into macrophages led to enhanced survival and LPS-driven TNFα production after 24 h. TRPM8 antagonism also promoted LPS-driven TNFα production in CD14+ monocytes derived from the intestinal mucosa. Macrophages that had been derived for 6 days under blockade of TRPM8 had impaired phagocytic capacity and were transcriptionally distinct. Most of the affected genes were altered in a way that opposed normal monocyte to macrophage differentiation indicating that TRPM8 activity promotes aspects of this differentiation programme. Thus, we reveal a novel role for TRPM8 in regulating human CD14+ monocyte fate and function.
Active surveillance and early detection of community transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 Mu variant (B.1.621) in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Oliveira Gabriella S. , Silva‐Flannery Luciana , Silva Juliana F. , Siza Charlene , Esteves Roberto J. , Marston Barbara J. , Morgan Juliette , Plucinski Mateusz , Roca Tárcio P. , Silva Ana M. P. , Pereira Soraya S. , Salcedo Juan M. V. , Pereira Dhelio B. , Naveca Felipe G. , Vieira Dall'Acqua Deusilene S. ,   Brazil Investigation Team
Published: March 2022

AbstractThrough active surveillance and contact tracing from outpatients, we aimed to identify and characterize SARS‐CoV‐2 variants circulating in Porto Velho‐Rondônia, a city in the Brazilian Amazon. As part of a prospective cohort, we gathered information from 2,506 individuals among COVID‐19 patients and household contacts. Epidemiological data, nasopharyngeal swabs, and blood samples were collected from all participants. Nasopharyngeal swabs were tested for antigen rapid diagnostic test and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) followed by genomic sequencing. Blood samples underwent ELISA testing for IgA, IgG, and IgM antibody levels. From 757 specimens sequenced, three were identified as Mu variant, none of the individuals carrying this variant had a travel history in the previous 15 days before diagnosis. One case was asymptomatic and two presented mild symptoms. Two infected individuals from different households caring viruses with additional amino acid substitutions ORF7a P45L and ORF1a T1055A compared to the Mu virus reference sequence. One patient presented IgG levels. Our results highlight that genomic surveillance for SARS‐CoV‐2 variants can assist in detecting the emergency of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants in the community, before its identification in other parts of the country.
More depleted, speak up more? A daily examination of the benefit and cost of depletion for voice behavior and voice endorsement
Authors: Lam Chak Fu , Johnson Hana Huang , Song Lynda J. , Wu Wen , Lee Cynthia , Chen Ziguang 
Published: March 2022

SummaryAlthough extant work has found that employee depletion is associated with less voice behavior, an emerging line of research suggests that depletion may sometimes be associated with more voice behavior. We build on this emerging line of research by establishing when and why employee depletion is associated with more voice behavior on a daily basis. We then further identify the implications of these relationships for daily voice endorsement by managers. Integrating research on the strength model of self‐control and the resource distinction between promotive and prohibitive voice, we predict that, among employees with low levels of trait self‐control, higher levels of daily depletion will be associated with lower levels of daily voice impulse control. In turn, lower levels of daily voice impulse control will be associated with higher levels of daily prohibitive voice, but lower levels of daily voice endorsement. Results from a 10‐day daily study with 697 daily observations from 88 employees working for 50 managers (Study 1) and an experimental recall task with 136 full‐time employees (Study 2) supported our hypotheses. We discuss how our findings contribute to theories of voice and self‐control, review the methodological strengths and limitations of our studies, and expound on the practical implications of our results.
Apraglutide, a novel once‐weekly glucagon‐like peptide‐2 analog, improves intestinal fluid and energy absorption in patients with short bowel syndrome: An open‐label phase 1 and 2 metabolic balance trial
Authors: Eliasson Johanna , Hvistendahl Mark K. , Freund Nanna , Bolognani Federico , Meyer Christian , Jeppesen Palle B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundApraglutide is a novel long‐acting glucagon‐like peptide‐2 (GLP‐2) analog designed for once‐weekly subcutaneous dosing, with the potential to increase fluid and nutrient absorption by the remnant intestine of patients who have short bowel syndrome (SBS) with intestinal insufficiency (SBS‐II) or intestinal failure (SBS‐IF). This trial investigated the safety and effects on intestinal absorption of apraglutide in patients with SBS‐II and SBS‐IF.MethodsIn this open‐label, phase 1 and 2 trial, adult patients with SBS‐II (n = 4) or SBS‐IF (n = 4) and a fecal output of ≥1500 g/day received once‐weekly subcutaneous 5 mg apraglutide for 4 weeks. Safety was the primary end point. Secondary end points included change from baseline in intestinal absorption of wet weight (indicative of fluid absorption), electrolytes, and energy (by bomb calorimetry) measured by inpatient metabolic balance studies.ResultsCommon treatment‐related adverse events were decreased gastrointestinal (GI) stoma output (n = 6), stoma complications (n = 6), GI stoma complications (n = 5), nausea (n = 5), flatulence (n = 4), abnormal GI stoma output (n = 4), polyuria (n = 3), and abdominal pain (n = 3). The only treatment‐related serious adverse event (experienced in one patient) was abdominal pain. Apraglutide significantly increased wet weight and energy absorption by an adjusted mean of 741 g/day (95% CI, 194 to 1287; P = 0.015) and 1095 kJ/day (95% CI, 196 to 1994; P = 0.024), respectively. Sodium and potassium absorption significantly increased by an adjusted mean of 38 mmol/day (95% CI, 3 to 74; P = 0.039) and 18 mmol/day (95% CI, 4 to 32; P = 0.020), respectively.ConclusionOnce‐weekly 5 mg apraglutide was well tolerated in patients with SBS‐II and SBS‐IF and significantly improved the absorption of fluids, electrolytes, and energy.
Cost of Total Intravenous Anesthesia Versus Inhalation Anesthesia in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Surgery
Authors: Alnemri Angela , Sussman Sarah , Estephan Leonard , Hamilton Callum , Stewart Matthew , Zhan Tingting , Thaler Adam , Ananth Ashwin , Boon Maurits , Huntley Colin , Hunt Patrick 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo compare cost and time spent in surgical and postoperative courses in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) undergoing surgery with either total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) or inhalational anesthesia.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsRetrospective review on patients undergoing surgery for OSA under general anesthesia from January 2019 to October 2020. Cost per service was acquired for the day of surgery.ResultsA total of 230 patients were included: 95 received TIVA; 135 received inhalation anesthesia. Total cost was significantly higher in the TIVA nasal surgery group by $286 (P = .035). TIVA produced significantly higher pharmacy and operating room costs across all surgeries and OSA severities. These increased costs were offset by significantly lower supply costs in upper airway stimulator (UAS, −$419.50; P = .007) and uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP, −$115.16; P = .015) patients receiving TIVA. In the TIVA cohort, there was a trend toward lower recovery room costs after UAS (−$111.09; P = .063) and nasal surgery (−$64.45; P = .096) and anesthesia costs after nasal surgery (−$36.67; P = .054). Total recovery time was reduced by 18 minutes (P = .004) for nasal surgery, 25 minutes (P = .043) for UAS, and 27 minutes (P = .147) for UPPP patients receiving TIVA.ConclusionWhen used in an outpatient setting for patients with OSA, TIVA adds to pharmacy and operating room costs, but this is usually offset by lower supply, anesthesia, and recovery room costs. We found decreased recovery times in the TIVA cohort. TIVA has proven benefits in patient outcomes and can be cost‐effective in OSA surgery.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:1487–1494, 2022
Phenotypic variability of syndromic craniosynostosis caused by c.833G > T in FGFR2: Clinical and genetic evaluation of eight patients from a five‐generation family
Authors: Wei Xianda , Huang Guori , Gui Baoheng , Xie Bobo , Chen Shaoke , Fan Xin , Chen Yujun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveCraniosynostosis is the result of the early fusion of cranial sutures. Syndromic craniosynostosis includes but not limited by Crouzon syndrome and Pfeiffer syndrome. Considerable phenotypic overlap exists among these syndromes and mutations in FGFR2 may cause different syndromes. This study aims to investigate the explanation of the phenotypic variability via clinical and genetic evaluation for eight patients in a large pedigree.MethodsFor each patient, comprehensive physical examination, cranial plain CT scan with three‐dimensional CT reconstruction (3D‐CT), and eye examinations were conducted. Whole exome sequencing was applied for genetic diagnosis of the proband. Variants were analyzed and interpreted following the ACMG/AMP guidelines. Sanger sequencing was performed to reveal genotypes of all the family members.ResultsA pathogenic variant in the FGFR2 gene, c.833G > T (p.C278F), was identified and proved to be co‐segregate with the disease. Some symptoms of head, hearing, vision, mouth, teeth expressed differently by affected individuals. Nonetheless, all the eight patients manifested core symptoms of Crouzon syndrome without abnormality in the limbs, which could exclude diagnosis of Pfeiffer syndrome.ConclusionWe have established clinical and genetic diagnosis of Crouzon syndrome for eight patients in a five‐generation Chinese family. Variability of clinical features among these familial patients was slighter than that in previously reported sporadic cases.