bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role And Mechanism Of Calcitriol In Promoting Intestinal Injury in AKI By Improving The Intestinal Barrier
Authors: Huo Aijing , FengmeiWang  , Xia Jingjing , Wang Haoyu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe intestinal microbiota affects the inflammatory status of the host and the prognosis of chronic diseases. However, it is not clear whether acute kidney injury (AKI) affects the gut microbiota. Calcitriol (Cal) is the most active form of vitamin D and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Methods and ResultsIn this study, we determined the close interaction between AKI and the intestinal microbiota and the efficacy and mechanism of high-dose Cal as an intestinal protective agent in AKI rats with renal ischemia–reperfusion injury. In the AKI rat model, intestinal infiltration of inflammatory cells and the deterioration of renal function were significantly alleviated by Cal pretreatment. By increasing the levels of Zonula Occludens-1(ZO-1and Occludin), Cal significantly prevented the destruction of the intestinal barrier in AKI. In addition, Cal pretreatment reduced the levels of intestinal IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, downregulated the transcription of a series of inflammatory signaling molecules, and as well as the expression of KIM-1 and IL-6 in the kidney. In AKI rats, Cal decreased the concentration of Proteobacteria and enhanced the linear discriminant (LDA) score of beneficial bacteria (such as Lactobacillus). Cal increased the expression of butyric acid among intestinal metabolites. Cal supplementation decreased serum LPS levels and downstream TLR4-NF-κB signaling. ConclusionsHigh-dose Cal may play a protective role in AKI by regulating TLR4-related signaling pathways and the intestinal microbiota. This study demonstrates the renal effects of Cal and its potential therapeutic mechanism and provides new insights for the treatment of AKI.
Meta-analysis of the quantitative trait loci associated with agronomic traits, fertility restoration, disease resistance, and seed quality traits in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.)
Authors: Halladakeri Priyanka , Gudi Santosh , Singh Gurjeet , Saini Dinesh Kumar , Sakure Amar , Macwana Sneha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A meta-analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with agronomic traits, fertility restoration, disease resistance, and seed quality traits, was conducted for the first time in pigeonpea. Data on 498 QTLs was collected from 9 linkage mapping studies (involving 21 bi-parental populations). Of these 498, 203 QTLs were projected onto "PigeonPea_ConsensusMap_2022," saturated with 10,522 markers, which resulted in the prediction of 34 meta-QTLs (MQTLs). The average confidence interval (CI) of these MQTLs (2.54 cM) was 3.37-times lower than the CI of the initial QTLs (8.56 cM). Of the 34 MQTLs, 12 high-confidence MQTLs with smaller CI (≤ 5 cM) and a greater number of initial QTLs (≥ 5) were utilized to extract 2,255 gene models, of which 105 were believed to be associated with different traits. The comparison of physical coordinates of MQTLs and marker trait associations reported from genome-wide association studies enabled the validation of eight MQTLs. Furthermore, synteny and ortho-MQTL analysis among pigeonpea and four related legumes crops such as chickpea, pea, cowpea, and french bean led to the identification 117 orthologous genes from 20 MQTL regions. Flanking markers of identified MQTLs can be employed for MQTL-assisted breeding as well as to improve the prediction accuracy of genomic selection in pigeonpea. Furthermore, genes identified in this study could be potential targets for positional cloning and functional analysis to unveil the molecular mechanisms underlying the target traits.
Factors Associated with Receptive and Expressive Language in Autistic Children and Siblings: A systematic review
Authors: Mues Marjolein , Schaubroeck Sarah , Demurie Ellen , Roeyers Herbert 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Language abilities of autistic children and children at elevated likelihood for autism (EL-siblings) are highly heterogeneous, and many of them develop language deficits. It is as of yet unclear why language abilities of autistic children and EL-siblings vary, although a multifactorial risk model for language deficits seems more plausible than a single exploratory factor. In this review, we discuss research articles that identify factors implicated in the receptive or expressive language abilities of autistic children and EL-siblings since the introduction of the DSM-5.
Method
The search strategy of this review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The following databased were consulted: Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus. Risk of bias (ROB) assessment was completed on using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scales.
Results
Out of 25624 records screened, 54 articles were included. We identified 56 factors implicated in receptive or expressive language abilities of autistic children and EL-siblings and divided them into ten categories: autism traits; biological factors; brain-based factors; child characteristics and early child development; environmental factors; gestures; motor skills; parental input; social factors and other factors. Although many of the identified variables were only examined in one article, some well-researched factors stood out, in particular joint attention, nonverbal cognitive abilities and frontal EEG power.
Conclusions
Our results confirm that a multifactorial risk model is most likely for language deficits in autism. Important aspects that should be considered in such a model are, amongst others, social factors such as joint attention, child characteristics such as nonverbal cognition, and neurocognitive factors.
Generalized Poincaré Conjecture via Alexander trick over C-isomorphism extension to h-cobordism on inclusion maps with associated Kan-complex
Authors: Bhattacharjee Deep 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The generalized norm of the Poincaré conjecture was initiated with the extension of Henri Poincaré,s conjecture for n-dimensions. Steps have been taken thoroughly to prove the same from dimension-1 to dimension ≥5. Perelman closed the proof for dimension-3 thereby solving the millennium prize problem. Michael Freedman showed the validation in dimension-4 and Stephen Smale showed the validation in dimension ≥5. This paper would introduce a step-by-step proof taking Kan-fibration and Kan-complex being channeled from orders of Whitehead group, C-isomorphism, for any boundary manifold that implies a disjoint union among two n-dimensional manifolds for inclusion maps satisfying the vanishing torsion for a categorical correspondence on h-cobordism and Whitehead groups.
Mucolitic, Alkaline and Antiviral Properties of Potassium Hydroxide
Authors: Zümrütdal Emin , İstifli Erman Salih , Kökbaş Umut , Öksüz Hale , Yılmaz Bertan Mehmet , Külahçı Özgür , Sezer Osman , Kurt Cemal , Uslu Fatıma Masume , Dinçer Sadık , Kılınççeker Güray , Zarifi Farhad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Although ash has been used for treatment and cleaning among the people since Avicenna, its use for therapeutic purposes is not common in modern medicine. The main ingredient of ash is potassium hydroxide (KOH).Methods: In this paper, the antiviral properties of KOH were studied in vivo and in vitro conditions in mucolytic, alkaline and enveloped viruses that cause respiratory tract disease. For this purpose, a 6-stage study was planned. The physicochemical properties of the highest dose of KOH, whose caustic properties are well known, that can be used orally in humans, and the changes in the structure of mucus were investigated. Then, interactions of KOH with the membrane phospholipid bilayer complex, mucin 5AC, corona viruses spike glycoprotein, TMPRSS2 and human ACE2 (hACE2) receptors, and neuraminidase active site in influenza virus were investigated in silico, and the toxicity and beneficial properties of KOH in cells, both in vitro and in vivo, were evaluated.Results: It has been shown that at the applied doses, KOH has a mucolytic effect and increases the pH of the environment in mucus. It has been shown to prolong life span in cell culture and have no toxicity, and in the in silico study it binds to the hydrophilic part of the cell membrane, corona virus spike glycoprotein, TMPRSS2 hACE2 receptor and neuraminidase active site in influenza virus. Oral use of KOH in the form of a spray in mice had no toxic effects on the mucosa and the inhaler application has a mucolytic effect by decreasing the viscosity of mucus in the respiratory tract.Conclusion: In light of these findings, KOH can be mucolytic, alkaline, and antiviral for enveloped viruses in the respiratory tract.
Ubi-tagging: A ubiquitin-based modular platform for site-directed antibody conjugation
Authors:   Angela el Hebieshy1, Gall Camille Le , Middelburg Jim , Fennemann Felix , Sluijter Marjolein , Hall Thorbald van ,   Paul Paul W.H.I. Parren4, Noort Gerbrand van der Heden van , Verdoes Martijn , Ovaa Huib , Scheeren Ferenc 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Antibody conjugates form a foundation for many research, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications. Despite the robustness and efficiency of existing antibody conjugation techniques, the challenge of obtaining homogeneous products remains. Here, we developed a versatile modular method for site-directed antibody conjugation using the small protein ubiquitin. We show that ubiquitin, when fused to antibodies or antibody fragments, is conjugated using in vitro ubiquitin ligation with an average efficiency of 95%. We effectively applied this method, which we named ubi-tagging, to conjugate chemically-synthesized ubiquitin with a site-specifically incorporated payload (fluorophore) to ubi-tagged antibodies. Additionally, we show that this method efficiently generates di-, tri-, and multi-valent antibody complexes, including a bi-specific T cell activator and a DC-targeting antibody for the induction of an antigen-specific immune response. The combined use of both recombinant ubi-tags and synthetic ubiquitin allows homogeneous site-directed antibody conjugation with defined conjugates incorporating precise functionalities while retaining antibody functionality.
Influence of the main parameters of a dual-mass oscillation system on its dynamic characteristics
Authors: Zedgenizov V. G. , Fayzov S. H. 
Published: July 2022

The influence of the main parameters of a dual-mass oscillation system on its dynamic characteristics is examined. The object of the study comprises the oscillation system of a vibration machine, containing two masses, connected by elastic and dissipative elements. A reduction in the instability of the operating mode when changing the load or frequency of the driving force can be achieved by expanding the resonance zone. Mathematical modelling and simulation experiment approaches were used for the research. Based on the results obtained using the mathematical model for dual-mass oscillation system by Matlab-Simulink, an algorithm is proposed that includes a procedure for forming an amplitude-frequency response with an extended resonance zone and describing the influence of the main parameters of the oscillation system on the location and width of the specified resonance zone. It is shown that with an increase in the second mass of the oscillation system, the horizontal section of the amplitude-frequency response declines and shifts to the region of lower frequencies. This is explained by the increasing inertness of the system to the driving force. With a larger initial mass, the gain of amplitude-frequency response was shown to increase, while the width of the horizontal section decreases. Further, with increased stiffness of the first elastic element, the resonance section descends even lower and shifts towards higher frequency values of the driving force; however, the width of the section increases. Therefore, the method of correcting the amplitude-frequency response by introducing additional mass into the structure of an oscillation machine in order to expand its resonance zone with no additional automated devices seems promising. The obtained results may form the basis for a calculation method for energy-efficient resonance oscillation machines.
Development of an artificial neural network-based method for determining the flexibility of power systems with high share of wind generation
Authors: Aksaeva E. S. , Glazunova A. M. 
Published: July 2022

A method for the online determination of the resilience of an electric power system using artificial neural networks having various structures is presented. A developed algorithm comprised of an artificial neural network with multiple learning paradigms is used for the rapid calculation of the adaptability index of the electric power system. A satisfactory time for obtaining results is ensured by dividing the adaptability calculation into offline and online processes. To train the neural networks, various methods were used. The multilayer perceptron was trained using the method of back-ward propagation of error, while training of the Kohonen neural network was performed based on the winner-take-all rule. Euclidean distance was used as a proximity measure between the studied vectors. An algorithm for analysing the results obtained by two types of artificial neural networks having dissimilar structures was developed in order to select their optimal structure and recommend a neural network for the real-time determination of the resilience of an electric power system. The proposed algorithm was validated on a 6-node scheme following the command script: computing the resilience of a given system, functioning in multiple modes. The criterion analysis showed that the structures of multilayer perceptron having 16 neurons in a hidden layer and Kohonen neural network having 9 output neurons represent the optimal solution for determining the steady-state mode at the minimum resilience in real-time. According to the results, the value of the resilience of the system varies over the course of a day. The possibility of using artificial neural networks for determining the resilience of electric power systems in real-time is demonstrated.
Increasing the efficiency of wind farms
Authors: Hassan F. A. , Alali Сh. , Gainullina L. R. 
Published: July 2022

This work evaluates variables affecting wind parameters in order to maximally reduce turbulence and trace. In addition, the position of each wind turbine in a farm and the limits of wind turbines are determined in order to determine an optimal distance between them. To this end, a 150 MW wind farm operating 60 wind turbines was studied. The speed and direction of wind was studied using a wind-measuring installation. An optimal mode of operating a wind farm was calculated using the WindFarmer software produced by DNV GL (Norway). Experiments conducted on a site in the south-east of the Republic of Tatarstan showed its suitability for the construction of a wind power plant: the proximity of electrical networks and the absence of large buildings and forests. The wind shear at different heights (at the levels of anemometers) was found to be 0.2. Wind turbines were selected based on a calculation of power factors, which comprised 47 % for Siemens Gamesa SG 3.4-132 3.465MW, 45 % for Vestas V126-3.45 HTq and 29% for Lagerwey L100-2.5 MW. The conducted analysis of the main external factors (ground profile, average wind speed, distance to electrical networks, etc.) affecting the selection of an optimal site for a wind power plant, as well as the calculation of an average wind shear of 0.2, confirmed the suitability of the site under study. According to the calculated capacity factor, Lagerwey L100 and Siemens Gamesa SG 3.4-132 turbines showed the lowest (2.5 MW) and highest (3.465 MW) values, respectively. However, from an economic point of view, a balance between the turbine’s capacity factor and its cost should be achieved.
Reliability methods for delivery of primary energy resources at a power plant during a reliability audit of electric energy systems
Authors: Dzyubina T. V. , Kovalev G. F. , Krupenev D. S. 
Published: July 2022

Various approaches (nodal, system and estimation) to assessing the reliability of electric power systems, including the effectiveness of fuel supply, are compared and evaluated. A method of statistical testing (Monte Carlo method) is used to assess the reliability of electric power and gas supply systems. For calculating power shortages in electric power systems, the internal points method was used; in order to calculate minimum costs in gas supply systems, the Basaker-Gowan method was used. To calculate the reliability indicators of these systems, probability theory methods were employed, including calculation of probability distribution series, addition and multiplication theorems. Independent tests based on the Bernoulli formula, addition and multiplication theorems, as well as the composition method of distribution series, were used to calculate the distribution series of random states for fuel and electricity supply systems when examining the proposed approaches (nodal, system and estimation approaches). All approaches (nodal, system and estimation) to assessing the reliability of electric power systems, including reliable fuel supply to electric power plants, were evaluated using the following examples: "nodal" and "system" using nominal examples of fuel-supply and electric power systems, as well as "evaluation" using the computational schemes of gas supply and power systems of the North-West Federal District. It is recommended to apply approaches depending on the technological characteristics of the given systems and their connection structure for calculating the base-load provision reliability of energy systems, as well as their feasibility regarding the accuracy of the obtained results, time consumption and the complexity of the data search, preparation and presentation in the model.
Study of operational modes of an "electric drive–turbomachinery–pipeline" technological complex
Authors: Pavlov V. E. 
Published: July 2022

A developed mathematical model of an asynchronous motor – turbomachinery pipeline technological complex is presented. An analysis of starting conditions is carried out by a nonlinear differential calculus and graphic analytical method. The calculations for the model were performed using the MATLAB software package. The flow, head, efficiency of the pump mechanism and entire pump unit, stator current, angular frequency and torque of the asynchronous motor were calculated at pump start-up and with an increase of pipeline resistance coefficient by 2, 5, 10, and 1000 times. At an increase in the pipeline resistance coefficient by 10 times, the pump efficiency is shown to be reduced by 2.8 times, while the head is increased by 1.28 times; meanwhile, the torque, stator current, and rotational speed of the asynchronous motor change insignificantly. The torque and current decrease by 1.167 and 1.034 times, respectively, while the speed increases by 1.0046 times; the efficiency of the pump mechanism and pump assembly (including motor) decreases by 1.78 and 1.89 times, respectively. The start-up time of the pump motor equals 0.5 s; the maximum stator current at start-up exceeds the nominal value by 4.39 times; the steady-state stator current comprises no more than 59.3 % of the nominal value. The developed mathematical model of the asynchronous motor – turbomachinery – pipeline technological complex is established to allow the operational and energy parameters of the unit to be quantitatively estimated at start-up, while the pump capacity is capable of being controlled by throttling.
Justification of the need to improve emergency control systems for preventing disturbances of voltage stability in power systems
Authors: Reutsky I. S. , Kurbatsky V. G. 
Published: July 2022

This article is aimed at justifying the need to modernize the existing systems that ensure voltage stability in the Unified Power System of Russia under the conditions of its permanent development, structural complication and active implementation of distributed generation. To this end, an analysis of the existing systems of emergency control used in the Unified Power System of Russia was conducted by considering their efficiency during major system accidents, including those in 2005 and 2017. In addition, specific features of operating power system facilities in the northern part of the Irkutsk Oblast were investigated from the standpoint of voltage stability. The conducted analysis of the operation of emergency control systems in the context of system accidents, including possible incorrect actions, identified their following disadvantages: insufficient fault tolerance, weak adaptability to emergency disturbances (including abnormal situations), as well as a lack of coordination between local devices and the discreteness of regulation. These shortcomings can be eliminated by introducing intelligent automation systems based on artificial neural networks and machine learning, as well as high-performance multi-agent systems into the structure of the emergency management of the Unified Power System of Russia. The results obtained indicate the need to modernize the existing voltage stability systems operated in the Unified Power System of Russia, both their software and hardware components. The proposed implementation of intelligent systems is expected to improve the existing systems at the same time as maintaining the current effective hierarchical principles of emergency management.
Phase equilibria in Hg-Al system during vacuum distillation
Authors: Korolev A. A. , Shunin V. A. , Timofeev K. L. , Maltsev G. I. , Voinkov R. S. 
Published: July 2022

In this work, gas-liquid equilibrium states are calculated, including phase composition dependences on temperature (T-x) and pressure (P-x) for the Hg-Al alloy during vacuum distillation. The objects of research comprised Hg-Al alloys having the following composition, mole %: 20–80 Hg; 80–20 Al, whose formation may occur during the processing of copper anode slime upon producing commercial selenium concentrate. A simplified molecular interaction volume model was used to calculate the activity coefficients of the components in the Hg-Al alloy. Phase diagrams of temperature (T-x) and pressure (P-x) are used for the preliminary selection of temperature and pressure in the system, as well as for the evaluation of the separation efficiency of components. The novelty of the research stems from calculating activity coefficients using the selected simplified model. Saturated vapour pressures for Hg (p*Hg) and Al (p*Al) were calculated in the temperature range of 823–1073 K. The high values of the p*Hg / p*Al ≥ 3 . 1010 ratio and separation coefficient llogβHg ≥ 10 provide theoretical premises for selective extraction of these metals by vacuum distillation, where mercury is concentrated in the gas phase (βHg > 1) and aluminium in the liquid phase. The values of excess Gibb’s energy, enthalpy and entropy changes for the liquid-gas interface of Hg-Al alloy were determined: ΔGE/m = 1–3 кJ/mol; = 1-3 kJ/mol; +-ΔGE/m = 0,03–0,17 kJ/mol. The practical significance of the research lies in minimising the number of initial experiments during the processing of Hg-Al compositions for optimising the temperature and pressure in the vacuum distillation process.