bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seabuckthorn seed protein concentrate: a novel seed protein; emulsifying properties as affected by ultrasonication and enzymatic hydrolysis
Authors: Khan Zakir Showkat , Sodhi Navdeep Singh , Fayaz Shemilah , Wani Sajad Ahmad , Bhat Mohammad Sayeed , Mishra Hari Niwas , Bakshi Rayees Ahmad , Dar B. N. , Dhillon Bhavnita 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThe study investigated the influence of ultrasonication and enzymatic hydrolysis on emulsifying properties of Seabuckthorn seed protein concentrate (SSPC). Sonication was done at 24 kHz (50% amplitude) for different time combinations (15, 45 and 75 min), and enzymatic hydrolysis of SSPC was done using pepsin, trypsin and protamex, resulting in different SSPC emulsions. All the emulsions were characterised to ascertain the particle size distribution, pH stability, temperature stability and rheology. Hydrolysed SSPC was also characterised for the respective degree of hydrolysis by pepsin, trypsin and protamex. The pepsin revealed the highest degree of hydrolysis among the proteases, followed by trypsin and protamex. The ultrasonicated SSPC and SSPC hydrolysate emulsions showed unimodal particle size distribution except for pepsin hydrolysate emulsions which showed bimodal size distribution of particles. The variation in pH from 2 to 5 increased the particle size, while at higher pH (7–10), the particle size decreased for all the emulsions. The increase in temperature from 25°C to 85 °C increased the droplet size of all the emulsions except for protamex at 75 min, which showed a relatively smaller droplet size than other proteases. All the emulsions displayed shear thinning behaviour, however, the pepsin‐treated emulsions showed the highest consistency index and K‐value. The resulting ultrasonicated and different protease‐treated SSPC emulsions can be suitable green and nontoxic alternatives to synthetic emulsifiers used in the food industry.
Effect of financial services access on health services utilisation among rural older adults in Ghana
Authors: Asante Dennis , Asante Bismark , Addai Bismark , Agyemang‐Duah Williams , Ankrah Twumasi Martinson 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study explored the effect of access to financial services on rural older adults' health services utilisation. A cross‐sectional survey design was adopted to gather data (N = 310; mean age = 66.13 years and standard deviation [SD] = 24.72) in selected rural communities in Ghana. We applied endogenous treatment Poisson regression (ETPR), an econometrics model that accounts for self‐selection bias, to estimate the association between access to financial services and the use of health services. Findings revealed that education, internet use, club membership, employment status, proximity to financial institution (FI) and regional location were associated with access to financial services. Importantly, access to financial services was associated with increased health services use. The study results suggest that access to financial services may help increase the use of health services among rural older adults in Ghana.
Immunogenicity and safety of two doses of SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine in kidney transplant recipients with low‐dose rituximab
Authors: Takai Satoshi , Nishida Hayato , Ito Hiromi , Fukuhara Hiroki , Nawano Takaaki , Narisawa Takafumi , Kanno Hidenori , Yagi Mayu , Yamagishi Atsushi , Sakurai Toshihiko , Naito Sei , Kato Tomoyuki , Morikane Keita , Tsuchiya Norihiko 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesWe evaluated whether the treatment history of low‐dose rituximab affected safety profiles, and humoral and cellular responses induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine in healthy controls and kidney transplant recipients.MethodsWe enrolled 10 healthcare workers as controls, 22 kidney transplant recipients with rituximab, and 36 kidney transplant recipients without rituximab without history of coronavirus disease 2019 who received two doses of vaccine. We assessed anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike antibody and the antigen‐specific T cells using enzyme‐linked immunospot against spike protein at baseline and after two doses of vaccine.ResultsAll controls showed anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody seroconversion and enzyme‐linked immunospot positivity. Only 19/58 (33%) kidney transplant recipients experienced anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody seroconversion and 31/58 (53%) kidney transplant recipients developed enzyme‐linked immunospot assay positivity after vaccination. The anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody seroconversion rate and enzyme‐linked immunospot assay positivity rate after vaccination were not significantly different between kidney transplant recipients with or without rituximab. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated rituximab was not associated with a lack of humoral and cellular responses to the vaccine.ConclusionsLow‐dose rituximab in kidney transplant recipients did not affect humoral or cellular responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine without severe systemic adverse events including the deterioration of kidney function.
Translation and cultural adaptation of the fundamentals of care framework: Are we there yet?
Authors: Muntlin Åsa , Jangland Eva 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThis paper aims to explore and describe the translation and cultural adaptation of the Fundamentals of Care framework to a Swedish context, and highlight the need for a translated version.DesignAn exploratory, descriptive approach was adopted.MethodsA structured forward‐backward translation process and cultural adaptation were used, considering situation and recipient as recommended for such process. Data such as literature and documents were collected during 2019–2021. The authors took systematic steps in collaboration with a strategic sample of experts: professional language service providers, clinicians, educators and a linguist.ResultsThe framework was mainly translated verbatim. A few fundamental care elements were adjusted to the Swedish language, context and clinical practice. Also, this work clarified the relational elements to be coherently seen as nursing actions. Addressing the need for a translated version was illustrated in activities in research, education and clinical practice.ConclusionThis paper highlights the importance of translating the Fundamentals of Care framework into a country's native language to gain acceptance and application there. Sharing the framework's translated version impacts nursing science, generating a consistent language in the development and conducting of research for the comparison and transferability or generalizability of findings. Together with a cultural adaptation, the translated framework can support and guide researchers, educators and nursing leaders in articulating fundamental nursing care for enacting change. By disseminating the first Swedish version of the framework we encourage a global discussion and sharing of examples of translation and cultural adaptation by others.ImpactThe framework's English version has limitations in various context. This paper shows a systematic translation and cultural adaptation process of the framework. We proclaim that this is necessary for nursing leaders and nurses to be able to apply it in guiding nursing practice and leading change.
Analysis of the gut microbiome of susceptible and resistant honeybees (Apis cerana) against sacbrood virus disease
Authors: Kim Chaerin , Kim Jin‐Myung , Choi Heeyun , Choi Yong‐Soo , Jin Byung‐Rae , Lee Kwang‐Sik , Choi Kihyuck 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe global decline in the population of wild bees has raised serious concerns, as bees are key pollinators that contribute to the sustainability of agriculture. Especially alarming, are the millions of managed bees in Korea that have recently disappeared. Although many abiotic and biotic stresses influence their physiology and behaviour, the causes of these declines have not been thoroughly elucidated. In recent studies, bee gut microbiota was found to play an important role in pathogen defence. We hypothesized that the gut microbiome of honeybees (Apis cerana) resistant (RH and RR) and susceptible (RL) to sacbrood virus disease may differ. To compare the gut bacterial communities of resistant and susceptible bees, alpha diversity and beta diversity analyses were performed. The analysis of alpha diversity revealed that RH had significantly higher Shannon diversity index values than RL. Beta diversity analysis showed that the gut bacterial community of RH was significantly different from that of RL. Four bacterial phyla were identified, and proteobacteria was the most abundant across all samples. Additionally, three operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to Pasteurellales, Burkholderiales, and Pseudomonadales were identified only in RL. In conclusion, the gut bacterial community was significantly different between resistant and susceptible bees, and this difference may contribute to disease resistance.
Prospects for developing efficient targets for the xenomonitoring and control of Simulium damnosum s.l., the major vectors of onchocerciasis in Africa
Authors: Koala Lassane , Tirados Inaki , Nikiema Achille S. , Thomsen Edward , McCall Philip J. , Dabire Roch K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDespite the ethical issues concerning the continued use of Human Landing Catches (HLC) to monitor the Simulium damnosum complex for epidemiological monitoring of onchocericasis, few attempts to develop alternatives have been reported. In studies on a wild population of S. damnosum in Burkina Faso, we tested visual targets (different sizes and shapes) and olfactory stimuli (CO2, and POCA and BG‐lure® odour blends) for their ability to attract and collect host seeking blackflies. At each trap, blackflies were caught with appropriately sized electrocuting grids and results from Latin square design tests were compared. Throughout, HLCs captured more blackflies than the targets. Of the traps tested, small targets (0.0625 and 0.5 m2) were the most efficient visual lure in terms of the number of S. damnosum captured per unit area 1.7–5× more than larger targets. Overall, results suggested that sticky black targets of horizontal rectangular shape (0.125–0.5 m2) and baited with a POCA and/or CO2 mixture could provide a cheap practical field alternative to HLC for onchocerciasis xenomonitoring, subject to confirmation that the design has no inherent bias for certain members of the S. damnosum species complex.
Mixed‐method acceptability evaluation of a co‐designed bundled intervention to support communication for patients with an advanced airway in the intensive care unit during a pandemic
Authors: Istanboulian Laura , Rose Louise , Yunusova Yana , Dale Craig 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough bundled communication interventions are recommended to address communication barriers for patients with an advanced airway in the intensive care unit (ICU) such interventions have not been evaluated in pandemic conditions.AimTo evaluate the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of a co‐designed bundled intervention to support communication with adult patients with an advanced airway in ICU in pandemic conditions.Study DesignProspective, convergent mixed method design in a single centre medical‐surgical ICU in Toronto, Canada between September 2021–March 2022. After the use of the co‐designed bundled communication intervention quantitative data were collected from health care providers using validated acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility measures and analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were collected from providers, patients and families using semi‐structured interviews and analysed using content analysis applying the theoretical framework of acceptability. Joint table analysis enabled the integration of the two data sets.ResultsA total of 64 (41.3%) HCPs responded to the survey: 54 (84.4%) rated the intervention acceptable; 55 (85.9%) appropriate; and 49 (76.6%) feasible for use in this context. Qualitative data (23 interviews: 13 healthcare providers, 6 families and 4 patients) and the joint table analysis extended the understanding that intervention acceptability was related to positive affective attitudes and reduced communication frustration. Appropriateness and feasibility were promoted through intervention alignment with values, ability to personalize tools, and ease of access. Recommendations to improve the acceptability included adaptation for immobilized and/or restrained patients, additional education, and integration into existing workflows.ConclusionsThis mixed method evaluation of a co‐designed bundled intervention to support patient communication in the ICU during pandemic conditions demonstrated high rated and described acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility by participants.Relevance to Clinical PracticeA co‐designed communication intervention demonstrating stakeholder acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility can be implemented into clinical practice in pandemic and other infection prevention and control contexts.
Exploring the pathophysiology of LARS after low anterior resection for rectal cancer with high‐resolution colon manometry
Authors: Asnong Anne , Tack Jan , Devoogdt Nele , De Groef An , Geraerts Inge , D'Hoore André 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundA total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer—although nerve‐ and sphincter‐sparing—can give rise to significant bowel symptoms, commonly referred to as low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). The exact pathophysiology of this syndrome still remains largely unknown, and the impact of radical surgery on colonic motility has only been scarcely investigated.MethodsHigh‐resolution colon manometry was performed in patients, 12–24 months after restoration of transit. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with major LARS and no/minor LARS, according to the LARS‐score. Colonic motor patterns were compared, and the relationship of these patterns with the LARS‐scores was investigated.Key ResultsData were analyzed in 18 patients (9 no/minor LARS, 9 major LARS). Cyclic short antegrade motor patterns did occur more in patients with major LARS (total: p = 0.022; post‐bisacodyl: p = 0.004) and were strongly correlated to LARS‐scores after administering bisacodyl (p < 0.001). High amplitude propagating contractions (HAPC's) that started in the proximal colon and ended in the mid‐section of the colon occurred significantly less in patients with major LARS compared with patients with no/minor LARS (p = 0.015).Conclusions and InferencesThe occurrence of more cyclic short antegrade motor patterns and less HAPC's (from the proximal to the mid‐colon) is more prevalent in patients with major LARS. These findings help to understand the differences in pathophysiology in patients developing major versus no/minor bowel complaints after TME for rectal cancer.
Development of a pediatric anesthesia fellowship curriculum in Australasia by the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia of New Zealand and Australia (SPANZA) education sub committee
Authors: Kaur Balvindar , Taylor Elsa Medland 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThere has been a recognized need to develop a curriculum for pediatric anesthesia training in Australia and New Zealand. The drivers are safe care for children, clear standards of care for children within and outside of quaternary centres, and clarity of the expertise and skill of the practitioner. Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) made up of multiple competencies and sub‐competencies are useful for the description and assessment of contemporary medical education. We have developed an EPA‐based curriculum that is not prescriptive in the number or range of EPAs that should be completed. Individuals can shape their learning and training to the EPAs that will support their ability to provide high‐quality safe care in the wide variety of institutions that they may be employed in after their pediatric fellowship. Institutions can use the curriculum to describe the skill set required for their institution and location. This paper will explain the process behind the development of the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia in New Zealand and Australia (SPANZA) guidelines of a curriculum for pediatric anesthesia fellowship based on EPAs.
Management of pediatric pemphigus vulgaris with rituximab: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Mistry Bhavik Dipak , Leis Maria , Lee David Michael , Levy Rebecca 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPemphigus vulgaris (PV), an acquired autoimmune bullous disease, is caused by autoantibodies targeting desmosomal proteins in the skin and mucous membranes. Recent data from the adult PV population supports the use of rituximab, a chimeric anti‐CD20 IgG1 antibody, as a primary treatment strategy, but limited data exist regarding treatment in the pediatric population. We report the case of a 13‐year‐old male with PV treated successfully with systemic corticosteroids and rituximab, and review the literature supporting the treatment of pediatric PV with rituximab.
Environmental risk assessment of non‐native salmonid escapes from net pens in the Chilean Patagonia
Authors: Soto Doris , Arismendi Ivan , Olivos J. Andres , Canales‐Aguirre Cristian B. , Leon‐Muñoz Jorge , Niklitschek Edwin J. , Sepúlveda Maritza , Paredes Felipe , Gomez‐Uchida Daniel , Soria‐Galvarro Yuri 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHere, we review extensive information to estimate environmental risks from escaped non‐native salmonids based on the assessments of hazard, sensitivity and exposure of discrete water bodies in Chile. In 2020, the country harvested about 1 million tons salmonids from net pens located along 1500 km of highly biodiverse coastline. We base our analysis on existing scientific information and authors' expert opinions including an assessment of knowledge gaps and uncertainties. Risks of environmental impacts differed by salmon species, being lowest for Atlantic salmon due to its estimated lower survival, lower ability to feed after escaping and lower reproductive capacity in the wild compared to coho salmon and rainbow trout. Overall risks due to escapes of any of the species were highest in areas of both high farming intensity and low capacity of mitigating escapes (by wild predators and fishers) such as Aysén District. At same time, risk was higher in the most farmed areas that also presented suitable habitats to support reproduction and juvenile salmonid rearing. However, the risk estimation certainty differed among species being lowest for Atlantic salmon due to insufficient monitoring of their fate in the wild. Monitoring the fate and impacts of escaped salmonids, specially in higher risk areas is recommended to improve risk projections and to prevent and mitigate further impacts. Since Atlantic and coho salmon are not yet successful invaders in Chile, research attention is urgently needed to assess the environmental consequences of escapes of these species. The present approach can be applied to any aquaculture system given the availability of information on farmed species and receiving ecosystems.
Further resource multiplication at more advanced ages? Interactions between education, parental socioeconomic status, and age in their impacts upon health
Authors: Settels Jason 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhile scholarship has shown that socioeconomic status creates fine‐grained gradients in health, there is debate regarding whether having higher amounts of one socioeconomic resource amplifies (resource multiplication) or reduces (resource substitution) the health benefits of one's other socioeconomic resources. A further question is whether these processes are accentuated or diminished at more advanced ages. Using the 2016 and 2018 waves of the United States General Social Survey (N = 2995) and logistic regression analyses, this study reveals processes of resource multiplication between respondents' education and both parental education and parental occupational prestige in their effects upon self‐rated health. Furthermore, these processes are accentuated at more advanced ages. Additionally, these interactive effects remain significant after controlling for respondent‐level total family income and occupational prestige, suggesting mechanisms beyond actualized socioeconomic circumstances. These findings raise concerns regarding less educated older persons coming from less advantaged backgrounds. Accordingly, policies and programs should help equalize social circumstances early in the life course, to produce more salubrious trajectories with advancing age.
Reduction of bundle sheath size boosts cyclic electron flow in C4Setaria viridis acclimated to low light
Authors: Bellasio Chandra , Ermakova Maria 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYWhen C4 leaves are exposed to low light, the CO2 concentration in the bundle sheath (BS) cells decreases, causing an increase in photorespiration relative to assimilation, and a consequent reduction in biochemical efficiency. These effects can be mitigated by complex acclimation syndromes, which are of primary importance for crop productivity but are not well studied. We unveil an acclimation strategy involving the coordination of electron transport processes. First, we characterize the anatomy, gas exchange and electron transport of C4 Setaria viridis grown under low light. Through a purposely developed biochemical model, we resolve the photon fluxes and reaction rates to explain how the concerted acclimation strategies sustain photosynthetic efficiency. Our results show that a smaller BS in low‐light‐grown plants limited leakiness (the ratio of CO2 leak rate out of the BS over the rate of supply via C4 acid decarboxylation) but sacrificed light harvesting and ATP production. To counter ATP shortage and maintain high assimilation rates, plants facilitated light penetration through the mesophyll and upregulated cyclic electron flow in the BS. This shade tolerance mechanism, based on the optimization of light reactions, is possibly more efficient than the known mechanisms involving the rearrangement of carbon metabolism, and could potentially lead to innovative strategies for crop improvement.
Rearrangement with the nkd2 promoter contributed to allelic diversity of the r1 gene in maize (Zea mays)
Authors: Wu Hao , Li Guosheng , Zhan Junpeng , Zhang Shanshan , Beall Brandon D. , Yadegari Ramin , Becraft Philip W. 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYThe maize red1 (r1) locus regulates anthocyanin accumulation and is a classic model for allelic diversity; changes in regulatory regions are responsible for most of the variation in gene expression patterns. Here, an intrachromosomal rearrangement between the distal upstream region of r1 and the region of naked endosperm 2 (nkd2) upstream to the third exon generated a nkd2 null allele lacking the first three exons, and the R1‐st (stippled) allele with a novel r1 5′ promoter region homologous to 5′ regions from nkd2‐B73. R1‐sc:124 (an R1‐st derivative) shows increased and earlier expression than a standard R1‐g allele, as well as ectopic expression in the starchy endosperm compartment. Laser capture microdissection and RNA sequencing indicated that ectopic R1‐sc:124 expression impacted expression of genes associated with RNA modification. The expression of R1‐sc:124 resembled nkd2‐W22 expression, suggesting that nkd2 regulatory sequences may influence the expression of R1‐sc:124. The r1‐sc:m3 allele is derived from R1‐sc:124 by an insertion of a Ds6 transposon in intron 4. This insertion blocks anthocyanin regulation by causing mis‐splicing that eliminates exon 5 from the mRNA. This allele serves as an important launch site for Ac/Ds mutagenesis studies, and two Ds6 insertions believed to be associated with nkd2 mutant alleles were actually located in the r1 5′ region. Among annotated genomes of teosinte and maize varieties, the nkd2 and r1 loci showed conserved overall gene structures, similar to the B73 reference genome, suggesting that the nkd2‐r1 rearrangement may be a recent event.