bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microglia Drive Pockets of Neuroinflammation in Middle Age
Authors: Moca Eric N. , Lecca Daniela , Hope Keenan T. , Etienne Fanny , Schaler Ari W. , Espinoza Katherine , Chappell Megan S. , Gray Daniel T. , Tweedie David , Sidhu Shanaya , Masukawa Lindsay , Sitoy Hannah , Mathew Rose , Saban Daniel R. , Greig Nigel H. , De Biase Lindsay M. 
Published: April 2022

During aging, microglia produce inflammatory factors, show reduced tissue surveillance, altered interactions with synapses, and prolonged responses to CNS insults, positioning these cells to have profound impact on the function of nearby neurons. We and others recently showed that microglial attributes differ significantly across brain regions in young adult mice. However, the degree to which microglial properties vary during aging is largely unexplored. Here, we analyze and manipulate microglial aging within the basal ganglia, brain circuits that exhibit prominent regional microglial heterogeneity and where neurons are vulnerable to functional decline and neurodegenerative disease. In male and female mice, we demonstrate that VTA and SNc microglia exhibit unique and premature responses to aging, compared with cortex and NAc microglia. This is associated with localized VTA/SNc neuroinflammation that may compromise synaptic function as early as middle age. Surprisingly, systemic inflammation, local neuron death, and astrocyte aging do not appear to underlie these early aging responses of VTA and SNc microglia. Instead, we found that microglial lysosome status was tightly linked to early aging of VTA microglia. Microglial ablation/repopulation normalized VTA microglial lysosome swelling and suppressed increases in VTA microglial density during aging. In contrast, CX3CR1 receptor KO exacerbated VTA microglial lysosome rearrangements and VTA microglial proliferation during aging. Our findings reveal a previously unappreciated regional variation in onset and magnitude of microglial proliferation and inflammatory factor production during aging and highlight critical links between microglial lysosome status and local microglial responses to aging.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMicroglia are CNS cells that are equipped to regulate neuronal health and function throughout the lifespan. We reveal that microglia in select brain regions begin to proliferate and produce inflammatory factors in late middle age, months before microglia in other brain regions. These findings demonstrate that CNS neuroinflammation during aging is not uniform. Moreover, they raise the possibility that local microglial responses to aging play a critical role in determining which populations of neurons are most vulnerable to functional decline and neurodegenerative disease.
Spatial Learning Drives Rapid Goal Representation in Hippocampal Ripples without Place Field Accumulation or Goal-Oriented Theta Sequences
Authors: Pfeiffer Brad E. 
Published: April 2022

The hippocampus is critical for rapid acquisition of many forms of memory, although the circuit-level mechanisms through which the hippocampus rapidly consolidates novel information are unknown. Here, the activity of large ensembles of hippocampal neurons in adult male Long-Evans rats was monitored across a period of rapid spatial learning to assess how the network changes during the initial phases of memory formation and retrieval. In contrast to several reports, the hippocampal network did not display enhanced representation of the goal location via accumulation of place fields or elevated firing rates at the goal. Rather, population activity rates increased globally as a function of experience. These alterations in activity were mirrored in the power of the theta oscillation and in the quality of theta sequences, without preferential encoding of paths to the learned goal location. In contrast, during brief “offline” pauses in movement, representation of a novel goal location emerged rapidly in ripples, preceding other changes in network activity. These data demonstrate that the hippocampal network can facilitate active navigation without enhanced goal representation during periods of active movement, and further indicate that goal representation in hippocampal ripples before movement onset supports subsequent navigation, possibly through activation of downstream cortical networks.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUnderstanding the mechanisms through which the networks of the brain rapidly assimilate information and use previously learned knowledge are fundamental areas of focus in neuroscience. In particular, the hippocampal circuit is a critical region for rapid formation and use of spatial memory. In this study, several circuit-level features of hippocampal function were quantified while rats performed a spatial navigation task requiring rapid memory formation and use. During periods of active navigation, a general increase in overall network activity is observed during memory acquisition, which plateaus during memory retrieval periods, without specific enhanced representation of the goal location. During pauses in navigation, rapid representation of the distant goal well emerges before either behavioral improvement or changes in online activity.
Quantitative BONCAT Allows Identification of Newly Synthesized Proteins after Optic Nerve Injury
Authors: Shah Sahil H. , Schiapparelli Lucio M. , Yokota Satoshi , Ma Yuanhui , Xia Xin , Shankar Sahana , Saturday Sarah , Nahmou Michael , Sun Catalina , Yates John , Cline Hollis T. , Goldberg Jeffrey L. 
Published: April 2022

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) die after optic nerve trauma or in degenerative disease. However, acute changes in protein expression that may regulate RGC response to injury are not fully understood, and detailed methods to quantify new protein synthesis have not been tested. Here, we develop and apply a newin vivoquantitative measure of newly synthesized proteins to examine changes occurring in the retina after optic nerve injury. Azidohomoalanine, a noncanonical amino acid, was injected intravitreally into the eyes of rodents of either sex with or without optic nerve injury. Isotope variants of biotin-alkyne were used for quantitative BONCAT (QBONCAT) mass spectrometry, allowing identification of protein synthesis and transport rate changes in more than 1000 proteins at 1 or 5 d after optic nerve injury.In vitroscreening showed several newly synthesized proteins regulate axon outgrowth in primary neuronsin vitro. This novel approach to targeted quantification of newly synthesized proteins after injury uncovers a dynamic translational response within broader proteostasis regulation and enhances our understanding of the cellular response to injury.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOptic nerve injury results in death and degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and their axons. The specific cellular response to injury, including changes in new protein synthesis, is obscured by existing proteins and protein degradation. In this study, we introduce QBONCAT to isolate and quantify acute protein synthesis and subsequent transport between cellular compartments. We identify novel candidate protein effectors of the regenerative response and uncover their regulation of axon growthin vitro, validating the utility of QBONCAT for the discovery of novel regulatory and therapeutic candidates after optic nerve injury.
Identifying Acute Neuropsychiatric Events in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Antoon James W. , Feinstein James A. , Grijalva Carlos G. , Zhu Yuwei , Dickinson Emily , Stassun Justine C. , Johnson Jakobi A. , Sekmen Mert , Tanguturi Yasas C. , Gay James C. , Williams Derek J. 
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to develop and validate an approach to accurately identify incident pediatric neuropsychiatric events (NPEs) requiring hospitalization by using administrative data.

METHODS
We performed a cross-sectional, multicenter study of children 5 to 18 years of age hospitalized at two US children’s hospitals with an NPE. We developed and evaluated 3 NPE identification algorithms: (1) primary or secondary NPE International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision diagnosis alone, (2) NPE diagnosis, the NPE was present on admission, and the primary diagnosis was not malignancy- or surgery-related, and (3) identical to algorithm 2 but without requiring the NPE be present on admission. The positive predictive value (PPV) of each algorithm was calculated overall and by diagnosis field (primary or secondary), clinical significance, and NPE subtype.

RESULTS
There were 1098 NPE hospitalizations included in the study. A total of 857 confirmed NPEs were identified for algorithm 1, yielding a PPV of 0.78 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76–0.80). Algorithm 2 (n = 846) had an overall PPV of 0.89 (95% CI 0.87–0.91). For algorithm 3 (n = 938), the overall PPV was 0.86 (95% CI 0.83–0.88). PPVs varied by diagnosis order, NPE clinical significance, and subtype. The PPV for critical clinical significance was 0.99 (0.97–0.99) for all 3 algorithms.

CONCLUSIONS
We identified a highly accurate method to identify neuropsychiatric adverse events in children and adolescents. The use of these approaches will improve the rigor of future studies of NPE, including the necessary evaluations of medication adverse events, infections, and chronic conditions.
Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11): Introduction of a new screening instrument capturing ICD-11 criteria for gaming disorder and other potential Internet-use disorders
Authors: Müller Silke M. , Wegmann Elisa , Oelker Andreas , Stark Rudolf , Müller Astrid , Montag Christian , Wölfling Klaus , Rumpf Hans-Jürgen , Brand Matthias 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background and aims
With the inclusion of gaming disorder in the ICD-11, diagnostic criteria were introduced for this relatively new disorder. These criteria may also be applied to other potential specific Internet-use disorders, which may be classified in ICD-11 as other disorders due to addictive behaviors, such as online buying-shopping disorder, online pornography-use disorder, social-networks-use disorder, and online gambling disorder. Due to the heterogeneity in existing instruments, we aimed to develop a consistent and economic measure of major types of (potential) specific Internet-use disorders based on ICD-11 criteria for gaming disorder.

Methods
The new 11-item Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11) measures five behavioral addictions with the same set of items by following the principles of WHO’s ASSIST. The ACSID-11 was administered to active Internet users (N = 985) together with an adaptation of the Ten-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT-10) and screeners for mental health. We used Confirmatory Factor Analyses to analyze the factor structure of ACSID-11.

Results
The assumed four-factorial structure was confirmed and was superior to the unidimensional solution. This applied to gaming disorder and to the other specific Internet-use disorders. ACSID-11 scores correlated with IGDT-10 as well as with the measures of psychological distress.

Discussion and Conclusions
The ACSID-11 seems to be suitable for the consistent assessment of (potential) specific Internet-use disorders based on ICD-11 diagnostic criteria for gaming disorder. The ACSID-11 may be a useful and economic instrument for studying various behavioral addictions with the same items and improving comparability.
112 Acil Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Görev Yapan Sağlık Personelinin Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmalinin Belirti ve Risklerini Tanıma Düzeylerinin Saptanması
Authors: EKREM ÇEBİ Gamze , KAYNAR Esra , BENEK Eda , TORAMAN Çetin 
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı; 112 Acil Sağlık Hizmetlerinde çalışan personellerin karşılaştıkları vakalarda çocuk istismarı ve ihmalinin belirti ve risklerini tanıma düzeylerinin saptanmasıdır.
Yöntem: Bu araştırma kesitsel türde bir araştırmadır. Bu çalışma için üniversitemizden gerekli etik kurul izni alınmıştır. 112 Acil sağlık hizmetlerinde çalışan sağlık personelleri araştırmanın evrenini oluşturmaktadır. Amaçlı örneklem bağlamında yapılan çalışmada, hastane öncesi 112 Acil sağlık hizmetlerinde görev yapan, ulaşılabilen ve çalışmaya katılmaya onay veren gönüllü sağlık personelleri, araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur (n=208). Araştırmada sosyodemografik veri formu ve “Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmalinin Belirti ve Risklerinin Tanılanması”na yönelik geliştirilen ölçek kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler; Mann Whitney U Test ve Kruskal Wallis Test ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya 141 kadın, 67 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 208 acil sağlık hizmetleri personeli katılmıştır. Katılımcıların 129’ u evli, geri kalan 79’ u ise bekardır. Bu katılımcıların 64’ ü çocuk istismarı ve ihmali ile ilgili eğitim almışken, 144 katılımcı eğitim almamıştır. Çocuk İhmalinin Belirti ve Risklerini Tanılama Ölçek/Alt Ölçeklerinin güvenilirlik değerlerinin literatüre göre güvenilir seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Elde edilen verilere göre çocuk istismar ve ihmalinin belirti ve riskleri konusunda hastane öncesi acil sağlık hizmeti sunan personelin farkındalığı yüksek olarak görülmüştür. Aynı zamanda sağlık memurlarının; doktorlar, acil tıp teknisyenleri ve paramediklere göre çocuktaki davranışsal belirtileri daha az fark edebildikleri belirlenmiştir. Tüm personelin belli aralıklarla güncel eğitimlere tabi tutulması ve bu eğitimlerin zorunlu olması neticesinde, personellerin çocuk istismarı ve ihmali konusunda farkındalık düzeyi artacağı düşünülmektedir.
Üre döngüsü bozuklukları klinik, laboratuvar ve genetik özellikleri: Tek merkez deneyimi
Authors: DORUM Sevil , HAVALI Cengiz 
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Üre döngüsü bozuklukları (ÜDB), vücut için toksik olan amonyağın kanda birikimi sonucu ortaya çıkan doğumsal metabolizma bozukluklarıdır. Çalışmamızda ÜDB hastalarımızın klinik, laboratuvar, genetik ve radyolojik özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir.
Yöntem: Çalışmamızda 12 ÜDB tanılı hastanın klinik, laboratuvar, genetik ve radyolojik özellikleri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Dört (%33) hasta yenidoğan döneminde akut metabolik kriz ile başvurmuştu. Hastalardan biri (sitrullinemi tip I) intrauterin tanı almıştı ve doğar doğmaz tedavisi başlanmıştı. Hastaların başvuru yaşları 0 gün ile 12 yaş arasında değişmekteydi. Yenidoğan başlangıçlı 4 hastadaki en sık şikâyet, doğumdan sonraki ilk 6 gün içinde ortaya çıkan sepsis benzeri klinik, kusma ve koma tablosuydu. Yenidoğan dönemi dışında tanı alan hastalarda ise koma, zekâ geriliği, yürüme gecikmesi, spastisite (arjininemi), büyüme geriliği (LPİ), proteinli gıdalardan kaçınma (LPİ, OTC eksikliği) baskındı. Geç başlangıçlı hastaların başvuru yaşı 2 yaş ile 12 yaş arasında değişmekteydi. Yedi geç başlangıçlı hastadan sadece bir tanesi normal büyüme ve mental gelişim gösterdi.
Sonuç: ÜDB sadece yenidoğan dönemi değil, yaşamın her döneminde karşımıza çıkabilir. Klinik şüphe varlığında tanıya yönelik testler hızlıca planlanmalıdır. Erken tanı mortalite ve morbiditeyi önemli düzeyde etkilemektedir.
Formation of Models of «Green» Entrepreneurship Based on Market Segmentation, Taking into Account the Principles of Responsible Consumption
Authors: Kozhevinа O. V. , Belyaevskaya-Plotnik L. A. 
Published: April 2022

The article is a continuation of a number of scientific studies carried out by the authors within the framework of government assignments and grants devoted to identifying the relationship between the economic security of territories and the development of “green” entrepreneurship models on them.Purpose: is to identify the relationship between responsible consumption and ensuring the economic security of subjects of the "green" economy in the context of the global principles of sustainable development and the transformation of consumer preferences.Methods: the study is based on the methodology and principles of sustainable development in "green" entrepreneurship. The use of comparative and comparative analysis methods is due to the need to identify the features of sustainable (responsible) production and consumption in different sectors of the "green" economy. Comparative marketing allows you to clarify the category of "sustainable (responsible) consumption", systematize international experience and best practices of "green" marketing.Results: the authors have identified the most promising market segments of the "green" economy, outlined the advantages of companies that implement the principles of "green" marketing and take into account ESG factors in business models of entrepreneurship. The use of indicative analysis tools made it possible to determine the level of development of individual segments of "green" entrepreneurship in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Based on the results of Russian practice and on the example of the implementation of the national project "Labor Productivity", the effectiveness of the implementation by companies participating in the national project of responsible and lean production is substantiated. The structural components of the "green" economy and economic security are revealed, the differentiation of Russian regions is shown in the context of indicators of the development of individual segments of the "green" economy. It has been determined that all segments of the "green" economy in Russia are covered by the national project "Labor Productivity".Conclusions and Relevance: according to the results of the study, the relationship of macro- and microeconomic factors in achieving SDG 12 "Responsible consumption and production" by the subjects of "green" entrepreneurship was revealed. The authors propose directions for the implementation of educational measures for the business community in the field of "green" marketing, the influence of ESG factors when changing business models, lean manufacturing, which will help ensure the economic security of subjects of "green" entrepreneurship in the new economic conditions.
The Effect of Financial Performance and Corporate Governance on Tax Avoidance in Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2015–2019
Authors: Raudhatul J. , Azwardi . , Sa’adah S. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: this study aims to study the effect of financial performance and corporate governance on tax avoidance in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015–2019.Methods: financial performance and corporate governance as independent variables with financial performance indicators are ROA, ROE and Leverage while indicators of corporate governance are the board of commissioners, audit committee and external audit quality. Tax avoidance as the dependent variable was measured by using ETR (effective tax rate). This research uses purposive sampling to get a sample size of 60 companies around 5 years and use common effect panel data regression analysis. The data in this study were analyzed with Eviews 9.0.Results: (1) Financial Performance as measured by ROA, ROE and leverage. ROA and leverage has an indication on tax avoidance while ROE has no an indication on tax avoidance in listed manufacturing companies on the IDX in 2015-2019. (2) Corporate Governance as measured by the board of commissioners, audit committee and external audit quality shows that has an indication on tax avoidance in listed manufacturing companies on the IDX in 2015–2019.Conclusions and Relevance: the results of the study prove that ROA, leverage, the board of commissioners, audit committee and external audit quality have a significant and significant effect on tax avoidance, but the ROE variable has no significant effect on tax avoidance in listed manufacturing companies on the IDX in 2015–2019.
Assessment of the Economic Security of Russia in the Foreign Economic Sphere on the Basis of the Non-parametric Method
Authors: Petrov Ph. V. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: is to assess the security of Russia's economic security in the foreign economic sphere.Methods: the article is based on the analysis of the theoretical foundations of the formation of target values of economic security indicators, the study of the methodology for applying the non-parametric method for assessing data envelopment analysis and the use of the statistical method of information processing. The method of comparative analysis of the economic development of foreign countries was also used. To form a holistic view of the results of the assessment, the data visualization method was used.Results: based on the result of considering the methodology of the non-parametric data envelopment analysis estimation method, the advantages of its application are described, as well as the key features that need to be paid attention to when assessing by this method. The content of two main assessment models used in the framework of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method is disclosed, the use of one of them in the context of assessing the country's economic security is justified. By using specialized software (Deap version 1.2), the economic security of Russia in the foreign economic sphere was assessed, as a result of which the target value of the economic security indicator for the long term was obtained.Conclusions and Relevance: the method for assessing economic security considered in the article makes it possible to deepen the existing assessment tools, supplement the existing methods for calculating the target indicators of economic security and, if necessary, adjust the current target indicators. The information obtained on the basis of the DEA method can be used in the formation of plans and forecasts in the field of economic security, as well as in the development of methodological support for the Economic Security Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030.
Digital Ecosystems as a Way to Achieve Competitive Advantages in the Financial Market: System Analysis of the Problem
Authors: Shcherbakov G. A. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: of this article is to study the expanding practice of applying the ecosystem approach in the business life of organizations and the degree of its impact on future transformations of the economic system. The research focuses on the segment of digital ecosystems of the banking sector related to non-financial areas of economic activity.Methods: when preparing the article, a wide range of research methods were used – the method of systems analysis, methods of modeling and comparative historical analysis, as well as logical and inductive methods.Results: the banking sector is actively developing the process of creating digital ecosystems used by large financial institutions as a means of achieving additional competitive advantages, as well as a tool to expand the bank's client base. Of particular interest is the expanding practice of building up these ecosystems through non-financial business areas. The results of the study also suggest the emergence of other negative consequences that hinder the effective development of the economic system. Among them: the oligopolization process on financial markets, the emergence of additional barriers to these markets, as well as the formation of oligopolistic relations in segments of economic activity that previously belonged to highly competitive sectors of the economy.Conclusions and Relevance: digitalization is an objective trend in the development of economic relations at the present stage, however, the uncontrolled application of the digital ecosystem approach in the practice of banking institutions carries risks of further consolidation of non-competitive relations in the most important sector of the domestic economy. The banking sector is additionally due to the involvement of non-core banking assets in ecosystems, influences the establishment of such relations in sectors of the economy traditionally related to highly competitive spheres of economic activity.