bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AÇÃO COLETIVA E COOPERAÇÃO INTERMUNICIPAL EM DUAS METRÓPOLES
Authors: Freire de Lacerda Alan Daniel 
Published: August 2022

O texto tem como objetivo central elaborar uma teoria da ação coletiva pertinente à análise dos problemas de cooperação metropolitanos. Tomando como casos preliminares as regiões metropolitanas de Natal e Recife, o trabalho visa também a definir que incentivos os municípios componentes de tais regiões têm para colaborar na solução de problemas tipicamente intermunicipais. A opção teórico-metodológica do artigo leva à conclusão de que as questões relacionadas à gestão metropolitana não podem ser separadas de variáveis relativas à integração dos municípios à cidade-polo da região. O trabalho empírico efetuado na aplicação parcial do modelo sistematiza dados qualitativos e quantitativos de pesquisas feitas por outros autores sobre as duas regiões mencionadas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: cooperação, gestão, metrópoles. COLLECTIVE ACTION AND INTERMUNICIPAL COOPERATION IN TWO METROPOLISES Alan Daniel Freire de Lacerda This paper mainly aims to develop a theory of collective action relevant to the analysis of problems of metropolitan cooperation. Taking as such preliminary cases the metropolitan areas of Recife and Natal, this work also aims to establish which incentives municipalities belonging to such regions have to cooperate in solving typically intermunicipal problems. The theoretical and methodological choice of this paper leads to the conclusion that the issues related to metropolitan management can not be separated from variables related to the integration of the counties to the main city in the region.The empirical work done in the partial implementation of the model sistematizes qualitative and quantitative data from research done by others over the two regions mentioned. KEYWORDS: cooperation, management, metropolises. ACTION COLLETIVE ET COOPÉRATION INTERMUNICIPALE DANS DEUX MÉTROPOLES Alan Daniel Freire de Lacerda L’objectif principal de ce texte est d’élaborer la théorie d’une action collective capable d’analyser les problèmes métropolitains de coopération. Les régions métropolitaines de Natal et de Recife serviront de base pour une étude de cas préliminaire. La recherche se veut également de définir les supports dont disposent les municipalités qui forment ces régions pour apporter leur collaboration en vue de trouver une solution aux problèmes inter municipaux. Le choix théorique et méthodologique de cette étude mène à la conclusion que les questions liées à la gestion métropolitaine ne peuvent être séparées des variables relatives à l’intégration des communes avec la ville-pôle de la région. Le travail empirique, réalisé pour la mise en œuvre partielle du modèle, systématise les données qualitatives et quantitatives des recherches réalisées par d’autres auteurs sur les deux régions citées. MOTS-CLÉS: coopération, gestion, métropoles. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
CONSTRUINDO CORPOS NAS CONSULTAS MÉDICAS: uma etnografia sobre Hipertensão Arterial em Salvador, Bahia
Authors: Calvo Gonzalez Elena 
Published: August 2022

Através da análise etnográfica da aplicação da tecnologia de medição da pressão arterial nas consultas médicas em um centro médico público na cidade de Salvador, proponho pensar a articulação do processo de objetificação do corpo com o universo da experiência, tanto de médicos quanto de pacientes. Atentarei para a maneira como os atores envolvidos aplicam no encontro clínico conhecimentos provindos do cotidiano e do âmbito da Biomedicina, sinalizando como o controle da Hipertensão é produzido por, e por sua vez produz, corpos que vivenciam o mundo através de matrizes diferenciadoras tais como classe, gênero ou raça. Estes corpos e estas matrizes de significação não podem ser separados, no seu sentido real, material, do seu sentido simbólico e figurado. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: raça, corporificação, tecnologia, hipertensão, etnografia.BUILDING BODIES IN MEDICAL CONSULTATIONS: an ethnography of Arterial Hypertension in Salvador, Bahia Elena Calvo-Gonzalez Through ethnographic analysis of the application of technology to measure blood pressure in medical consultations in a public medical center in Salvador, I am proposing to think of the articulation of a process of objectification of the body with the universe of experience, both by doctors and by patients. I will look carefully at the way the actors involved apply knowledge in the clinical encounter stemmed from the daily life and scope of Biomedicine, signaling how the control of hypertension is produced by and in turn produces, bodies experiencing the world through differentiating matrices such as class, gender or race. These bodies and these matrices of significance can not be separated in their real, material, symbolic and figurative sense. KEYWORDS: race, embodiment, technology, hypertension, ethnography.LA CONSTRUCTION DES CORPS DANS LES CONSULTATIONS MÉDICALES: une ethnographie de l’hypertension artérielle à Salvador de Bahia Elena Calvo-Gonzalez Grâce à l’analyse ethnographique de l’application de la technologie des mesures de tension artérielle au cours des consultations médicales, dans un centre de santé publique à Salvador, nous nous proposons de faire le lien entre le processus d’objectivation du corps et l’univers de l’expérience, autant pour les médecins que pour les patients. Nous serons attentifs à la manière dont les acteurs impliqués utilisent leurs connaissances lors de la consultation, connaissances issues de leur quotidien et du domaine de la Biomédecine, afin de montrer comment le contrôle de l’Hypertension est produite par, mais produit à son tour, des corps qui vivent l’expérience du monde à travers des matrices qui établissent des critères de différenciation tels que classe sociale, sexe ou race. Ces corps et ces matrices ne peuvent être séparés, dans leur sens réel, matériel, de leur sens symbolique et figuré. MOTS-CLÉS: race, corporification, technologie, hypertension, ethnographie. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
VIOLÊNCIAS E CONFLITOS INTERSUBJETIVOS NO BRASIL CONTEMPORÂNEO
Authors: Costa Arthur Trindade M. 
Published: August 2022

Neste trabalho, discutimos a violência interpessoal no Brasil, cuja consequência mais visível é o aumento da mortalidade por homicídios. Sugerimos que a chave para entender esse fenômeno violento é a compreensão do contexto nos quais essas mortes ocorreram, ou seja, o tipo de conflito, seu significado para as partes envolvidas, seu objeto e sua estruturação. Finalmente, sustentamos que, embora dramática, a violência intersubjetiva tem recebido pouca atenção das autoridades brasileiras.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: violência, conflitos intersubjetivos, homicídios, Brasil. INTERSUBJECTIVE VIOLENCE AND CONFLICT IN CONTEMPORARY BRAZIL Arthur Trindade M. CostaIn this paper, we discuss the interpersonal violence in Brazil, which most visible consequence is the increase in homicide mortality. We suggest that the key to understanding this violent phenomenon is to understand the context in which these deaths occurred, ie, the type of conflict, its significance for the parties involved, its object and its structure. Finally, we argue that, although dramatic, intersubjective violence has received little attention from the Brazilian authorities.KEYWORDS: violence, intersubjective conflicts, murders, Brazil. VIOLENCES ET CONFLITS INTERSUBJECTIFS DANS LE BRÉSIL CONTEMPORAIN Arthur Trindade M. CostaIl est question, dans cette recherche, du débat sur la violence interpersonnelle au Brésil dont la conséquence la plus visible est la croissance de la mortalité par homicides. On y suggère que la clé pour la compréhension de ce phénomène violent réside dans la compréhension du contexte dans lequel ces assassinats ont lieu, à savoir le type de conflit, son importance pour les parties impliquées, son objet et sa structure. Enfin, nous soutenons que bien que dramatique, la violence intersubjective n’a reçu que peu d’attention de la part des autorités brésiliennes.MOTS-CLÉS: violence, conflits intersubjectifs, homicides, Brésil. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
TOTALIDADE E NEGATIVIDADE: a crítica de Adorno à dialética hegeliana
Authors: Repa Luiz 
Published: August 2022

O artigo pretende explicitar, primeiramente, a crítica de Adorno à associação entre negatividade e totalidade em Hegel, para, em seguida, mostrar que, apesar dessa crítica, o próprio Adorno não dispensa um conceito de totalidade com função explicativa. Somente em um nível micrológico a crítica adorniana parece se justificar, na medida em que o conceito de totalidade é criticado como positivação da sociedade contemporânea. Dessa maneira, sua obra sobre a dialética negativa exercita dois usos distintos dos conceitos de negatividade e totalidade, os quais podem se combinar por meio de sua concepção de totalidade como ilusão socialmente necessária.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: dialética, negação determinada, totalidade, ilusão socialmente necessária, razão instrumental.TOTALITY AND NEGATIVITY: Adorno’s critique to Hegelian dialectic Luiz RepaThe paper aims to clarify, first, Adorno’s critique of the association between negativity and totality in Hegel, to then show that, despite this criticism, Adorno himself does not dispense with the concept of totality with an explanatory function. Only on a micrological level Adorno’s critique seems justified, in that the concept of totality is criticized as positivation of contemporary society. Thus, his work on the negative dialectic exercises two distinct uses of the concepts of negativity and totality, which can be combined by means of his conception of totality as a socially necessary illusion.KEYWORDS: dialectics, determinate negation, totality, socially necessary illusion, instrumental reason. TOTALITÉ ET NÉGATIVITÉ: la critique de Adorno à la dialectique hégélienne Luiz RepaL’article se veut, tout d’abord, d’expliquer la critique d’Adorno à l’association entre la négativité et la totalité de Hegel pour montrer ensuite que, malgré cette critique, Adorno lui-même ne dispense pas un concept de totalité ayant une fonction explicative. Ce n’est qu’à un niveau micrologique que la critique adornienne semble se justifier, dans la mesure où le concept de totalité est critiqué comme positivation de la société contemporaine, Ainsi, son travail sur la dialectique négative s’exerce à deux utilisations distinctes des concepts de négativité et de totalité, qui peuvent être agencés par le biais de sa conception de totalité comme illusion socialement nécessaire.MOTS-CLÉS: dialectique, négation déterminée, totalité, illusion socialement nécessaire, raison instrumentale. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br Publicação Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
The efficacy of wildlife fences for keeping reindeer outside a chronic wasting disease risk area
Authors: Mysterud Atle , Rød‐Eriksen Lars , Hildebrand Aniko , Meås Roger , Gudmundsson Aron Freyr , Rolandsen Christer M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Emerging wildlife diseases often comes with negative cultural and economic impact. Limiting disease spread is a recurrent goal and challenge, but the efficacy of various mitigation measures is rarely assessed.
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a lethal disease among cervids that was discovered among alpine reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in the Nordfjella mountain range of Norway in 2016. After de‐population, the entire range was fallowed to avoid re‐emergence from environmental pathogen reservoirs. This involved installing perimeter fences in the alpine areas in order to keep reindeer from adjacent populations outside of the CWD risk area, while other cervids (red deer Cervus elaphus, roe deer Capreolus capreolus and moose Alces alces) were likely to enter through the forested areas.
We used camera trapping and surveillance reports to assess the efficacy of the perimeter fences. All four species of cervids were documented inside the CWD risk area. For reindeer, only 12.0% of observations were inside the CWD risk area, while this was 28.7% for the other cervids. The higher proportion of observations outside of the fenced area indicate that fences provided a barrier and lowered the number of crossings also of red deer, roe deer and moose.
Fences do not provide complete barriers, and we discuss practical solutions for how to avoid ‘intruders’ entering a given area, such as maintenance at critical points (e.g. river and road crossings) and height of fences (e.g. species variation in jumping; deep snow) to uphold their desired effect.
We argue that two fence lines with a buffer zone would be required when re‐introduction of reindeer are planned in the CWD risk area after fallowing, similar to what has been suggested for other wildlife diseases.
Characterization of time of flight and resolution modeling on image quality in positron emission tomography
Authors: Moretti Terrance J. , Leon Stephanie M. , Schaeffer Colin J , Arreola Manuel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTime‐of‐flight (TOF) and resolution modeling (RM) algorithms are frequently used in clinical PET images, and inclusion of these corrections should measurably improve image quality. We quantified the effects of these correction algorithms on reconstructed images via the following metrics: recovery coefficients (RCs), contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR), noise‐power spectrum (NPS), modulation transfer function (MTF), and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of a point source. The goal of this experiment was to assess the effects of the correction algorithms when applied singly or together. Two different phantom tests were performed and analyzed by custom software. FWHM and MTF were measured using capillary tube point sources, while RCs, CNR, and NPS were measured using an image quality body phantom. Images were reconstructed with both TOF and RM, only TOF, only RM, or neither correction. The remaining reconstruction parameters used the standard clinical protocol. RM improved RCs, FWHM, and MTF, without increasing overall noise significantly. TOF improves CNR for small objects FWHM or MTF but did not decrease noise. RCs were not statistically improved by enabling these algorithms. Inclusion of both correction algorithms in image reconstruction provides an overall improvement to all metrics relative to the uncorrected image, but not by a significant margin in multiple aspects.
Relation of CDC42, Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells with cognitive function decline in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhang Yi , Niu Chenglin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveCell division cycle 42 (CDC42) regulates neurite outgrowth, neurotransmitter, and T help (Th) cell‐mediated neuroinflammation, while its clinical implication in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation of CDC42 with Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, as well as CDC42’ longitudinal change and relation to cognitive function decline in AD patients.Methods150 AD patients were enrolled, then their blood Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells were quantified by flow cytometry at baseline; CDC42 was detected by RT‐qPCR and MMSE score was assessed at baseline and during 3‐year follow‐up. Meanwhile, CDC42, Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells were quantified in 30 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs).ResultsCDC42 (p < 0.001) and Th2 cells (p < 0.001) were lowest in AD patients, followed by PD patients, highest in HCs; but Th1 cells (p = 0.001) and Th17 cells (p < 0.001) showed opposite trends. CDC42 was not related to Th1 cells (p = 0.134), positively correlated with Th2 cells (p = 0.023) and MMSE (p < 0.001), while negatively associated with Th17 cells (p < 0.001) in AD patients. CDC42 was only related to Th17 cells (p = 0.048) and MMSE (p = 0.048) in PD patients; and it was not linked with Th1, Th2, Th17 cells, or MMSE in HCs (all p > 0.05). During a 3‐year follow‐up, CDC42 was gradually declined in AD patients (p < 0.001), its decline was positively correlated with MMSE decline at 1 year (p = 0.004), 2 years (p = 0.005), and 3 years (p = 0.026).InterpretationCDC42 might have the potency to serve as a biomarker for estimating AD risk and progression.
Construction of an Administrative Osteoarthritis Severity Index
Authors: Gebauer Sarah C. , Chrusciel Timothy , Salas Joanne , Neme Jamil , Callahan Leigh F. , Scherrer Jeffrey 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveElectronic health record (EHR) databases are a powerful resource to investigate clinical trajectories of osteoarthritis (OA). There are no existing EHR tools to evaluate risk for knee arthroplasty (KA). We developed an OA severity index (OASI) using EHR data and demonstrate the index's association with time to KA.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used 2010‐2018 nationally distributed Optum EHR data. Eligible patients were 45 to 80 years old with a new diagnosis of knee OA in 2011‐2012 and no prior KA. The OASI was a sum of first instance of x‐ray imaging, advanced imaging, intra‐articular injection, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, and opioids. Principal components analysis index (PCI) score was also explored. Extended Cox proportional hazard models assessed time‐dependent OASI and time to KA.ResultsAmong 16,675 eligible patients, 12.7% underwent KA. Median follow‐up time was 72 months. Adjusted OASI models showed each additional event almost doubled the risk for KA (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.80, 95% confidence interval: 1.75‐1.86). Similar results were observed for PCI.ConclusionThe sum OASI performs well identifying patients who would undergo KA and offers simplicity versus the PCI. Although replication in other cohorts is recommended, the OASI appears to be a novel and valid means to measure clinical OA severity in research studies using large EHR‐based cohorts.
Robust and High‐Efficient Fabrication of Gold Triangles Array on Optical Fiber Tip for Laser Mode Locking
Authors: Gu Ping , Cai Xiaofeng , Xue Chenpeng , Zhang Zuxing , Zhu Youcheng , Du Wei , Chen Zhuo , Chen Jing , Ding Zixuan , Xu Fei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe plasmonic metasurfaces composed of gold triangles (GTAs) array have been directly fabricated onto the optical fiber tip (OFT) using a modified self‐assembly nanosphere lithography technology, featuring intrinsic good compatibility, high‐quality, low‐cost, time‐saving, and large‐scale fabrication. Then, the first experimental realization of all‐fiber mode‐locked lasers based on GTAs array as saturable absorber is reported. The linear transmission spectra of the different‐sized GTAs array fabricated using different‐sized polystyrene (PS) microspheres (diameter: 1000, 1100, 1300, and 1600 nm) demonstrate highly tunable localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) across a broad spectral range from 1295 to 1985 nm, and its nonlinear transmission spectra present a larger modulation depth (maximum: 11.5%) when the LSPR is close to the 1550 nm. When inserting the GTAs@OFT samples fabricated using 1100‐nm diameter and 1300‐nm diameter PS microspheres into a fiber‐ring cavity, the all‐fiber picosecond (≈3.7 ps) soliton mode‐locked lasers with high output power (>10 mW) are successfully achieved at optical communication wavelength of 1.5 µm. The findings expand the scopes of plasmonic metasurface composed of GTAs array as saturable absorber, and may pave the way for mass production of ultrafast all‐fiber lasers and novel all‐fiber devices for optical communications, bio‐sensing, and bio‐imaging.
In Situ Modulation of Al Traces and Interlayer Spacing in Ti3C2Tx ‐A2 MXene: Supercapacitor with Ultrahigh Capacitance and Energy Density
Authors: Kumari Shilpa , Aagar Srinivasan , Sharma Amit Kumar , Upreti Deepak , Aashi  , Agrawal Garima , Bagchi Vivek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough Ti3C2Tx MXene is known as a unique 2D layered material with high metal conductivity and redox‐active surface, and is widely employed as a supercapacitor electrode, however, its capacitance maximization is severely limited, due to restacking of the MXene flakes. To get around this problem, an innovative etching technique is employed to circumvent the issue of restacking without using a separate delamination procedure. This is done by keeping optimum Al traces inside the Ti3C2Tx layers by tuning the ratio of LiF and Ti3AlC2 precursors at room temperature. Instead of obtaining solitary Ti3C2Tx flakes, the Al‐trace in Ti3C2Tx ‐A2 holds a stable layered structure, facilitates easier electrolyte mobility, and prevent the possibility of restacking. As synthesized material, Ti3C2Tx ‐A2 exhibits excellent gravimetric capacitance of 513 F g–1 at 2 A g–1 with 80% capacitance retention up to 10 000 cycles at a current density of 12 A g–1. The all‐solid‐state symmetric supercapacitor (ASSS) can deliver a significant gravimetric energy density of 14.5 W h Kg–1 and areal energy density of 49.2 mW h cm–2. The established technique enables Ti3C2Tx MXenes to improve their capacitive performance and explore their application in energy storage devices.
High‐Resolution Study of Changes in Morphology and Chemistry of Cylindrical PS‐b‐PMMA Block Copolymer Nanomasks during Mask Development
Authors: Bürger Julius , Venugopal Harikrishnan , Kool Daniel , de los Arcos Teresa , Gonzalez Orive Alejandro , Grundmeier Guido , Brassat Katharina , Lindner Jörg K.N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNanolithography with self‐assembled block copolymers (BCPs) is an emerging competitive alternative to conventional lithography, which is currently reaching its limits with regard to resolution and economic feasibility. For high‐resolution lithography, both the abruptness of BCP internal interfaces between self‐assembled polymer nanodomains and the processing steps used to selectively remove one of the polymers are crucial. This paper presents a detailed investigation of the chemistry, the mask wall morphology, and the line edge roughness (LER) of self‐assembled nanomasks from polystyrene‐b‐polymethylmethacrylate (PS‐b‐PMMA) before and after selective removal of the PMMA nanodomains. For the latter, either wet or plasma etching are employed and their impact on both the morphology and chemistry of resulting nanomasks is analysed using analytical (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (STEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and polarization‐modulated infrared reflection‐absorption spectroscopy. Dedicated image analysis tools are developed to determine for the first time the LER of cylindrical openings in PS masks from STEM dark‐field images at sub‐nanometer resolution. Applying these tools prior to and after PMMA removal from the BCP films, the statistics of feature sizes, LERs, and interfacial widths are determined. In addition, the impact of wet and dry etching processes on PS‐co‐PMMA random copolymer brushes required for substrate functionalization is evaluated.