bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synchronized diaphragmatic stimulation: a case report of a novel extra‐cardiac intervention for chronic heart failure
Authors: Goldberg Lee R. , Jorbenadze Ana , Shaburishvilli Tamaz , Mirro Michael J. , Fudim Marat , Zuber Michel , Stämpfli Simon F. , Tanner Felix C. , Erne Paul , Cleland John G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSynchronized diaphragmatic stimulation (SDS) is a novel extra‐cardiac device‐based therapy for symptomatic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. SDS provides imperceptible chronic stimulation of the diaphragm through a laparoscopically implanted system consisting of an implantable pulse generator and two sensing/stimulating leads affixed to the inferior surface of the diaphragm delivering imperceptible R‐wave gaited pulses that alter intrathoracic pressure improving ventricular filling and cardiac output. We describe, in a man with a history of myocardial infarctions resulting in heart failure and persistent New York Heart Association Class III symptoms despite standard therapies, the successful implantation of SDS resulting in improved quality of life, N‐terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide, cardiac function, and exercise tolerance through 12 months of follow‐up. Randomized trials are now required to validate these findings.
Catalytic Enantioselective Decarboxylative Aldol Reactions of Malonic Acid Half Thio(oxy)ester and β‐Ketoacids
Authors: Chowdhury Raghunath , Dubey Akhil K. , Waser Mario 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrganocatalyzed and metal complex‐catalyzed asymmetric decarboxylative aldol reactions of malonic acid half thioesters (MAHTs), malonic acid half oxyester (MAHOs), and β‐ketoacids with different carbonyl compounds are transformations of high synthetic value. These reactions, which are heavily inspired by nature's synthesis strategies, represent important methods for the direct synthesis of valuable enantio‐enriched β‐hydroxy esters and ketones. Within this short review we wish to give an overview about the recent progress in this field by discussing the leading strategies to carry out decarboxylative aldol reactions using organocatalytic methods as well as metal catalysis.
Atomic substitution effects of inorganic perovskites for optoelectronic properties modulations
Authors: Chen Baian , Sun Mingzi , Chen Rui , Huang Bolong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInorganic perovskites exhibit impressive optoelectronic properties through experimental doping or composition modification. However, the underlying mechanism of the atomic substitution effect needs to be elucidated to guide future device optimizations. In this work, we have carried out systematic research on a series of inorganic perovskites regarding their electronic, optical, and vibrational properties. The band structures are strongly affected by the B‐sites. Meanwhile, phonon dispersions have revealed that the peculiar energy band offset is determined by the varied orbital and bonding characteristics. In addition, optical properties are directly influenced by the bond lengths between B‐sites and halogens, which are regulated by atomic substitutions. In addition, the infrared active spectrum and corresponding vibration modes indicate that the metal‐halogen octahedrons were confirmed to be the main source of these vibration modes. This work reveals the atomic substation effects of inorganic perovskites, which offer significant guidance for the design of next‐generation optoelectronic devices.
Early within‐person weight gain and variability during inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa: Age‐dependent effects on treatment outcome
Authors: Kolar David R. , Meule Adrian , Naab Silke , Voderholzer Ulrich 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveEarly weight gain during inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN) is a dynamic process characterised by within‐person variability that may be age‐dependent. We examined whether age moderates the effect of within‐person weight gain and variability on treatment outcome.MethodWithin‐person level estimates of N = 2881 underweight adolescents and adults with AN for daily average weight gain (linear slope) and variability (root mean squared errors) were obtained using random‐effects modelling. Between‐person level regression analyses were calculated to assess effects on weight, eating disorder psychopathology and attaining normal body weight (body mass index [BMI]: 18.5–25 kg/m2).ResultsHigher weight gain during first 2 weeks of inpatient treatment predicted higher weight, lower drive for thinness and lower body dissatisfaction at discharge, but not lower bulimic symptoms. Moreover, it predicted a higher probability of discharge weight within normal range. Younger age was associated with stronger effects of early weight gain on weight, drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction at discharge. Weight variability was not associated with any outcome.ConclusionsAge moderated effects of early weight gain on treatment outcomes, with larger effects for younger patients. Weight variability alone did not influence treatment across age and should be of lesser clinical concern during early inpatient treatment.
The effect of beverage taxes on youth consumption and body mass index: Evidence from Mauritius
Authors: Cawley John , Daly Michael , Thornton Rebecca 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTaxes on sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs) are relatively new and there is limited evidence about their impact on SSB consumption or body mass index (BMI) (as opposed to prices, purchases, or sales), their impact on youth (as opposed to adults), or their impact in non‐Western nations. This paper adds to the evidence across all these dimensions by estimating the effect of an SSB tax on SSB consumption and the BMI of youth in Mauritius, an island nation in the Indian Ocean, which we compare to Maldives, another island nation which did not implement an SSB tax during the time of our data. Results of difference‐in‐differences models indicate that the tax in Mauritius had no detectable impact on the consumption of SSBs or the BMI of the pooled sample of boys and girls. However, models estimated separately by sex indicate that the probability that boys consumed SSBs fell by 9.4 percentage points (11%). These are among the first estimates of the effect of SSB taxes on youth consumption and contribute to the limited evidence on the impact of SSB taxes on weight, and in non‐Western countries.
Bibliometric analysis of global research trends on microfinance institutions and microfinance: Suggesting new research agendas
Authors: Ali Adnan , Ramakrishnan Suresh , Faisal Faisal , Ullah Zahir 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPoverty alleviation is a global problem. To alleviate poverty, microfinancing is used through microfinance institutions. There are many publications comprising empirical and literature review articles beside others focusing on this issue. Subjectivity bias is one of the issues that is seen in the literature reviews in an area of interest. This study answers the problem based on the bibliometric analysis of microfinance, micro‐finance institutions, micro‐insurance, micro‐savings, and financial inclusion with other synonyms using the Scopus Database. This article focuses on overall historical trends, publication output, prolific authors and journals, google mapping of the world‐renowned academic institutions, and highlights the shortcoming of the Scopus database by utilizing software for the first time. We use VOSviewer, for co‐authorship analysis and our results underline the leading role of United States contribution to a greater extent, while co‐citation analysis shows emerging hotspots such as financial technology including fintech, crowdfunding, and financial literacy. We concluded limited attention from scholars towards natural‐resource revenues, financial development using fintech, and crowdfunding regarding poverty alleviation. Furthermore, for the interest of the development researchers and practitioners, we have highlighted the conceptual framework for financial development, natural resource abundance, economic growth nexus through fintech, crowdfunding, financial literacy to curb poverty as new avenues for future research agenda.
Deconstructing adolescent ethnicity: A longitudinal analysis of ethnic‐racial identity development and self‐categorization
Authors: Booth Margaret Z. , Gerard Jean M. , Deom Gina M. , Frey Christopher J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe study of adolescent perceptions of their ethnicity/race has been investigated from an ethnic‐racial identity (measurement) perspective or through an ethnic‐racial classification lens.AimsThis study examines both, as it explores change in adolescents' ethnic‐racial self‐categorization; change in strength of ethnic‐racial identity (ERI); and the relationship between change in self‐categorization and strength of ERI. In so doing, it contributes to theorizing about the content and process of ERI formation.Materials and MethodsThe longitudinal and mixed‐methods study followed 732 middle and high school students biannually in a semi‐rural, ethnically diverse school district. All students completed the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) in fall and spring each year and interviewed annually for qualitative inquiry.ResultsThe four waves of data demonstrated that: (1) 22% of students changed their ethnic‐racial classification at least once; (2) Multiracial youth, boys, and 8th graders were significantly more likely to change self‐classification compared to White youth, girls, and 10 th graders; (3) strength of ERI did not change over time, however, African American and Hispanic youth had the strongest ERI over time compared to the others; (4) change in self‐classification was significantly related to change in strength of ERI, however, its direction varied by race of students.DiscussionWhile adolescent ethnic‐racial identity development (ERI) appears to be related to ethnic‐racial categorization, the direction of the relationship varies depending on ethnic self‐categorization.ConclusionResults contribute to theory building of ERI in relation to: content and process, group consciousness, certainty and clarity, and public regard.
A regularization approach to common correlated effects estimation
Authors: Juodis Artūras 
Published: March 2022

SummaryCross‐section average‐augmented panel regressions introduced by Pesaran (2006) have been a popular empirical tool to estimate panel data models with common factors. However, the corresponding common correlated effects (CCEs) estimator can be sensitive to the number of cross‐section averages used and/or the static factor representation for observables. In this paper, we show that most of the corresponding problems documented in the literature can be solved once cross‐section averages are appropriately regularized, thus extending the applicability of the CCE setup. As the standard plug‐in variance estimators are not able to account for all sources of estimation uncertainty, we suggest the use of cross‐section bootstrap to construct confidence intervals. The proposed procedure is illustrated both using real and simulated data.
Prognostic value of albumin‐related ratios in HBV‐associated decompensated cirrhosis
Authors: Zhang Tan , Ye Bin , Shen JianJiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundIdentification of effective and accurate prognostic biomarkers for hepatitis B virus‐associated decompensated cirrhosis (HBV‐DeCi) is challenging. This study was designed to determine and compare the prognostic value of albumin‐related ratios (blood urea nitrogen‐to‐albumin ratio [BAR], C‐reactive protein‐to‐albumin ratio [CAR], prothrombin time‐international normalized ratio‐to‐albumin ratio [PTAR], neutrophil count‐to‐albumin ratio [NAR], and D‐dimer‐to‐albumin ratio [DAR]) in HBV‐DeCi patients.MethodsWe retrospectively recruited 161 HBV‐DeCi patients. Receiver operating characteristic curve, DeLong test, and Cox regression analyses were used to estimate and compare the predictive value of these five albumin‐related ratios and Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score.ResultsA total of 29 (18.0%) patients had died 30 days after admission. The prognostic roles of CAR, DAR, PTAR, NAR, and BAR in HBV‐DeCi were different. CAR, PTAR, NAR, and BAR were significantly higher in non‐survivors compared with survivors. However, DAR did not differ between the two groups. The predictive power of BAR was superior to that of the other four albumin‐related biomarkers and similar to that of MELD score. On multivariate analysis, BAR and MELD score were identified as independent prognostic factors, and the combination of BAR and MELD score may improve the prognostic accuracy in HBV‐DeCi.ConclusionThe present findings suggest that BAR may be a simple and useful prognostic tool to predict mortality in HBV‐DeCi patients.
A study in patient satisfaction regarding telemedicine consultations in radiation oncology
Authors: Pow Vincent , Iankov Ivan , Shierlaw Emma , Le Hien 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionTelemedicine consultations can be a cost‐effective and convenient method of communication, particularly with patients living in remote areas. Given the dearth of patient‐reported satisfaction data with this form of consultation in Radiation Oncology, we surveyed patients to assess this in our department.MethodsThe study recruited patients who had experienced both a Telemedicine consultation and an in‐person consultation with the same radiation oncologist at our tertiary centre in South Australia. Eligible patients were identified from the Royal Adelaide Hospital oncology information system. The patient satisfaction questionnaire was sent via registered post with a reply‐paid envelope. The questionnaire consisted of 38 questions divided into four major categories, focusing on communication, medical care, privacy/confidentiality and convenience. Results of the survey were tabulated in an excel spreadsheet.ResultsBetween 1 January 2018 and 1 January 2019, 130 eligible patients were identified. One hundred and nine patients were alive and contactable of whom 37 responded (34%). Two surveys were returned incomplete resulting in 35 patient responses available for analysis. The median age was 70 years (range 35–87); 74% were male. There was no statistically significant difference between the satisfaction scores for Telemedicine and in‐person consultations with regards to communication, privacy/confidentiality or overall satisfaction. The respondent felt it was more important to be examined when the consultation was conducted in‐person and found Telemedicine consultations more convenient in terms of cost and time.ConclusionTelemedicine used in Radiation Oncology is an effective form of consultation that is convenient, provides a similar level of patient satisfaction and maintains patient confidentiality. Telemedicine consultations should therefore be considered for all rural and remote cancer patients where feasible.
Detection of organic gunshot residues from human hands using direct sample analysis‐time of flight‐mass spectrometry
Authors: González Ricardo J. , Quispe Cristina , Santos Leonardo S. , Nachtigall Fabiane M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe organic gunshot residues (OGSRs), specifically methyl centralite (MC; 1,3‐dimethyl‐1,3‐diphenylurea), ethyl centralite (EC; 1,3‐diethyl‐1,3‐diphenylurea), 2,4‐DNT (2,4‐dinitrotoluene), and TNT (trinitrotoluene), are characteristic compounds for which forensic analysts test determining if a person has discharged a firearm. A set of 200 samples from 50 shooters were collected as part of the validation study. Pistol 9 mm and special revolver .38 were fired at indoor and outdoor shooting ranges. The development of a methodology based on direct analysis of samples‐time of flight‐mass spectrometry (DSA‐TOF‐MS) made it possible to identify the main components of organic shot residues, which gave the possibility to introduce a new method of analysis of shot residues in the Chilean supply area. The DSA‐TOF‐MS provided extensive information on the composition of the shot residues: MC, EC, 2,4‐DNT, and TNT. Samples taken from the trigger hands required minimal sample preparation that reduced analyses time. With the implementation of new alternative analytical methodologies, a great step would be taken in the analysis of OGSRs, because now there is no such technique for its analysis in Chile, and the results would also complement the existing inorganic elemental analyses generated during a gunshot.
Sedimentary DNA identifies modern and past macrophyte diversity and its environmental drivers in high‐latitude and high‐elevation lakes in Siberia and China
Authors: Stoof‐Leichsenring Kathleen R. , Huang Sichao , Liu Sisi , Jia Weihan , Li Kai , Liu Xingqi , Pestryakova Luidmila A. , Herzschuh Ulrike 
Published: March 2022

AbstractArctic and alpine aquatic ecosystems are changing rapidly under recent global warming, threatening water resources by diminishing trophic status and changing biotic composition. Macrophytes play a key role in the ecology of freshwaters and we need to improve our understanding of long‐term macrophytes diversity and environmental change so far limited by the sporadic presence of macrofossils in sediments. In our study, we applied metabarcoding using the trnL P6 loop marker to retrieve macrophyte richness and composition from 179 surface‐sediment samples from arctic Siberian and alpine Chinese lakes and three representative lake cores. The surface‐sediment dataset suggests that macrophyte richness and composition are mostly affected by temperature and conductivity, with highest richness when mean July temperatures are higher than 12°C and conductivity ranges between 40 and 400 μS cm−1. Compositional turnover during the Late Pleistocene/Holocene is minor in Siberian cores and characterized by a less rich, but stable emergent macrophyte community. Richness decreases during the Last Glacial Maximum and rises during wetter and warmer climate in the Late‐glacial and Mid‐Holocene. In contrast, we detect a pronounced change from emergent to submerged taxa at 14 ka in the Tibetan alpine core, which can be explained by increasing temperature and conductivity due to glacial runoff and evaporation. Our study provides evidence for the suitability of the trnL marker to recover modern and past macrophyte diversity and its applicability for the response of macrophyte diversity to lake‐hydrochemical and climate variability predicting contrasting macrophyte changes in arctic and alpine lakes under intensified warming and human impact.
Organic carbon dynamics and microbial community response to oyster reef restoration
Authors: Hurst Nia R. , Locher Bryan , Steinmuller Havalend E. , Walters Linda J. , Chambers Lisa G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOyster reefs are often touted for their contribution to water quality improvement, shoreline protection, and habitat creation, but few studies highlight another significant ecosystem service: organic carbon (OC) storage and cycling. Although oyster reefs may not fall within the definition of “blue carbon” as a vegetated coastal ecosystem, they may store as much carbon (C) as other well‐studied coastal C sinks (e.g., mangroves, salt marshes, and sea grasses), providing an additional justification for restoration activities. Leveraging ongoing Crassostrea virginica reef restoration in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida (USA), this study employed a Before‐After‐Control‐Impact sampling design to evaluate short‐term (1 yr) changes in sediment OC storage and flux, microbial activity, and microbial community composition on degraded, natural, and restored oyster reefs. Restored reefs exhibited the greatest change in OC cycling within the study year, with increases in dissolved OC (31%), particulate OC (97%), CO2 flux (707%), and β‐glucosidase enzyme activity (467%), resulting in the highest total C and OC concentrations of the three reef types. Results demonstrate that sediment microbial community abundances are resilient and easily reinvigorated through reef restoration, while enzyme assays suggest sediment microbial activity on restored reefs may be limited by labile C availability. Overall, this study suggests restoration and oyster presence can rapidly enhance OC storage and can help offset the C flux from high calcification rates on young oyster reefs, providing an additional ecosystem service to support the importance of restoration activities.
Non‐Halogenated Solvents Processed Efficient ITO‐Free Flexible Organic Solar Cells with Upscaled Area
Authors: Zhao Feng , Zheng Xiangjun , Li Shuixing , Yan Kangrong , Fu Weifei , Zuo Lijian , Chen Hongzheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrganic solar cells (OSCs) show the potential to harness solar energy at a lower cost and in a greener way with the merits of mechanical flexibility and potential low‐cost upscaling production with solution processing. Meanwhile, the common use of toxic halogenated solvents causes pollution to the natural environment, and thus, needs to be avoided. Following the authors' previous work on the design of top‐illuminated ultrathin Ag‐based device structure highlighting most merits of OSC, herein non‐halogen solvent and additive processing OSCs are presented, which exhibit high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.64%, close to the best PCE with the commonly used halogen solvent. Interestingly, it is observed that the additive and the multicomponent strategy (blending third component BTP‐S2 into PM6:L8‐BO binary blend) synergistically affect the optimal morphology and device performance. Finally, OSC devices featuring green solvent processing, indium tin oxide‐free, flexibility, and upscaling merits are fabricated and exhibit the best PCE of 13.76% with high mechanical robustness and good stability against heat or light illumination. This work provides a prospective potential for manufacturing the OSC toward practical applications.
The arterialised saphenous venous flow‐through flap for managing the radial forearm free flap donor site
Authors: Hughes Kimberley R. , Fong Alisha , Rozen Warren M. , Leong James C. S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe radial forearm fasciocutaneous flap (RFFF) is a workhorse flap, however concerns with donor site morbidity include tendon exposure, delayed wound healing, impaired sensitivity, and poor cosmesis, have seen it fall out of favor. We present a method of using an arterialised saphenous flow through flap to reconstruct the RFFF donor site.MethodA cohort study of six patients (five male, one female; mean age 59 [range 19–90]) who had their RFFF donor site reconstructed with an arterialised saphenous flow through flap is presented. The use of multiple peripheral efferent venous anastomoses, flap rotation 180 degrees prior to inset, and the ligation of intra‐flap connecting veins were three modifications employed. Primary outcomes include complication rates. Secondary outcomes were patient reported outcome measures via the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire, and patency and flow through the flap.ResultsIn all six cases, there was flap survival. RFFF dimensions ranging from lengths of 6–15 cm (mean 11.5 cm) and widths of 4–6 cm (mean 5.3 cm), with an average flap area of 58 cm2 (range 24–90). There were no total flap losses, one partial superficial flap loss and one minor donor site delayed healing, over a mean follow‐up of 6 months (4–24 months). The average overall patient satisfaction was 91 on Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire. Pain was well tolerated with a low average pain score of 15.ConclusionThe modified arterialised saphenous flow through flap is a useful option for reconstructing the soft tissue defect and reconstituting the radial artery after RFFF harvest.