bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probiotic, paraprobiotic, and hydrolyzed yeast mixture supplementation has comparable effects to zinc oxide in improving growth performance and nutrient digestibility in weaned piglets
Authors: Dang De Xin , Choi Si Young , Choi Young Jae , Lee Jong Hwa , Castex Mathieu , Chevaux Eric , Saornil David , Laguna Fernando Bravo , Kim In Ho 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

A total of 150 21-day-old weaned piglets [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc] were randomly assigned to 3 groups based on average initial body weight (6.96 ± 0.21 kg) to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of probiotic, paraprobiotic, and hydrolyzed yeast mixture (PPY) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal bacteria counts, fecal calprotectin contents, and diarrhea rate in a 42-day experiment (phase 1: days 1-14; phase 2: days 15-42). There were 10 replicate pens per treatment with 5 pigs per pen (three gilts and two barrows). The experimental diets were a basal diet, without additive (CON), a basal diet supplemented with pharmacological levels of zinc oxide (ZnO; TRT1), and an experimental treatment including PPY (TRT2). Pigs in TRT1 were provided with a basal diet + 3000 mg/kg (as fed) ZnO during phase 1, and a basal diet during phase 2. Pigs in TRT2 were provided with a basal diet + 200 mg/kg (as fed) probiotic for a final concentration of 2 × 109 colony forming units (CFU)/kg diet + 800 mg/kg (as fed) paraprobiotic + 10 g/kg (as fed) hydrolyzed yeast mixture during phase 1, and a basal diet +100 mg/kg (as fed) probiotic + 400 mg/kg (as fed) paraprobiotic mixture during phase 2. Pigs in TRT1 and TRT2 tended to be heavier at day 14 and were significantly heavier at day 42 than CON pigs. Growth rate during days 1-14, 15-42, and 1-42 was similarly affected by treatment while feed efficiency was unaffected by treatment in the first 14 days but was significantly higher for TRT 1 pigs between 15-42 and 1-42 days with TRT2 being intermediate. Apparent nitrogen and energy digestibility were both significantly higher for pigs on TRT1 and TRT2 compared with the CON. There were no significant differences in any parameters measured between TRT1 and TRT2. Therefore, we demonstrated that PPY supplementation had comparable effects as ZnO on nutrient digestibility and the performance of weaned piglets.
Characterization of a DRC1 null variant associated to primary ciliary dyskinesia and female infertility
Authors: Pereira Rute Ribeiro , Carvalho Vanessa , Dias Catarina , Barbosa Telma , Oliveira Jorge , Alves Ângela , Oliveira Elsa , Sá Rosália , Sousa Mário 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD; MIM #242650) is a rare multisystemic genetic diseases, whose diagnostic is challenge. Additional data to complete the complex puzzle of PCD genomic analysis is of upmost importance to better understand PCD pathophysiology. We here present a female case with PCD and infertility. We also present the evaluation of the patient family, including her twin sister, also with PCD and infertility.Methods: Confirmation of the PCD clinical diagnosis was performed through assessment of cilia motility, by high-speed video microscopy (HSVM), axoneme ultrastructure, by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and genetic characterization, by whole exome sequence (WES). Gene expression studies used qPCR for mRNA expression and immunofluorescence to determine cell protein localization.Results: HSVM analysis revealed that the ciliary beat frequency was decreased, with mostly cilia presenting dyskinetic movements. TEM analysis showed partial absence of both dynein arms associated with high ciliary deviation. WES analysis evidenced a homozygous nonsense variant in the DRC1 gene, belonging to the dynein regulatory complex (DRC). Expression of DRC1 mRNA and protein were decreased. Expression analysis of the DRC1 mRNA also evidenced an interaction with other DRC components. Family analysis revealed the same homozygous variant in the twin sister and, in heterozygosity in parents and daughters. Both the patient and her twin sister presented idiopathic infertility.Conclusions: Overall, our results contribute to increase understanding of the genetic factors involved in the pathophysiology of PCD and infertility, and highlight the interaction of different genes in the patient phenotype, which should be further explored, as it may justify the highly heterogeneity observed in PCD patients. Understanding the genetic etiology of PCD is of paramount importance to assist the diagnosis and development of newer therapies.
Magnetically tunable zero-index metamaterials
Authors: Bi Lei , Yang Yucong , Liu Yueyang , Qin Jun , Cai Songgang , Su Jiejun , Zhou Peiheng , Deng Longjiang , Li Yang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Zero-index metamaterials (ZIMs) feature a uniform electromagnetic mode over a large area in arbitrary shapes, enabling many applications including high-transmission supercouplers with arbitrary shapes, direction-independent phase matching for nonlinear optics, and collective emission of many quantum emitters. However, most ZIMs reported till date are passive, with no method for the dynamic modulation of their electromagnetic properties. Here, we design and fabricate a magnetically tunable ZIM consisting of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) pillars sandwiched between two copper clad laminates in the microwave regime. By harnessing the Cotton-Mouton effect of YIG, the metamaterial was successfully toggled between gapless and bandgap states, leading to a "phase transition" between a zero-index phase and a single negative phase of the metamaterial. Using an S-shaped ZIM supercoupler, we experimentally demonstrated a tunable supercoupling state with a low intrinsic loss of 0.95 dB and a high extinction ratio of up to 30.63 dB at 9 GHz. Our work enables dynamic modulation of the electromagnetic characteristics of ZIMs, enabling various applications in tunable linear, nonlinear, quantum and nonreciprocal electromagnetic devices.
Pictorial balance is a bottom-up aesthetic property mediated by eye movements. A theoretical model of a primitive visual operating system could explain balance.
Authors: Corwin David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper identifies a specific pattern of luminance in pictures that creates a low level neuro-aesthetic effect and provides a theoretical explanation for how it occurs. Given that pictorial balance is associated with a unified, harmonious picture and that there is a pictorial effect known to painters and historically documented that does just that, it was thought that such pictures are perfectly balanced. Computer models of these pictures were found to have bilateral quadrant luminance symmetry with a lower half lighter by a factor of ~ 1.07 +/- ~0.03. Two different methods are proposed to calculate balance. A study was done comparing the identical picture in two different frames with respect to whether they appeared different given that the sole difference is balance. Results show that with the observers, mostly painters, there was a significant correlation between average pair imbalance and the appearance of difference indicating at a minimum that these methods can be used for calculating pictorial balance. For those who can disregard saliency the effect is the result of the absence of forces on eye movements created by imbalance. The unaccustomed force invoked by imbalance causes fatigue when viewing pictures carefully. The second method enables calculations of balance in non-rectangular pictures, explains why balance affects eye movements and can be a primitive visual operating system.
Life history of the predatory mites Amblyseius swirskii and Neoseiulus cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae), candidates for biological control of the date palm mite, Oligonychus afrasiaticus (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Al-Alazzazy Mahmoud 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The date palm mite, Oligonychus afrasiaticus (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae), is a serious pest of dates in the Middle East and North Africa, inflicting severe economic damage if not controlled. As predaceous mites are known as potential biocontrol agents against several pests, predation capacity, life table, reproduction and survival of Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot and Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), collected from date palm farms, were studied in a laboratory setting (25, 30, 35°C and 50 ± 5% RH) against all motile stages of O. afrasiaticus. For both predators, mean developmental time, oviposition period and longevity were inversely related to temperature from 25 to 35°C. The following parameters were obtained for A. swirskii and N. cucumeris at 25, 30 and 35°C, respectively: Female developmental time, 9.37, 7.29, 5.56, 10.67, 8.38, 6.45 d; oviposition period, 19.77, 16.18, 13.94, 15.90,13.84,10.64 d; longevity, 29.39, 24.79, 20.64, 25.42, 21.94, 17.39 d; fecundity, 31.91, 37.10, 42.16, 21.75, 26.84, 30.56 eggs per female. For both predators, the maximum daily predation rate was recorded at 35°C and occurred during the oviposition period. Total predation of A. swirskii and N. cucumeris female was 370.86, 387.54, 405.83, 232.14, 263.32, 248.85 prey at 25, 30 and 35°C, respectively. The maximum reproduction rate of A. swirskii and N. cucumeris (3.02, 2.87 eggs/♀/day) was recorded at 35°C while the minimum one (2.00, 1.36 eggs/♀/day,) was recorded at 25°C. Life table parameters were estimated as net reproductive rate (Ro) 21.68, 25.94, 29.52,18.95, 20.25, 22.78, Mean generation time (T) 24.92, 21.82, 18.24, 26.30, 23.60, 20.56 d, intrinsic rate of increase (rm) 0.181, 0.232, 0.248, 0.170, 0.185, 0.196, finite rate of increase (λ) 1.365, 1.551, 1.706, 1.126, 1.324, 1.428 for A. swirskii and N. cucumeris at 25, 30 and 35°C, respectively. The results of this study suggested that the two phytoseiid species are promising biological control agents of O. afrasiaticus at a wide range of temperatures.
Two novel spectrophotometric methods for the determination of cysteine in its capsules
Authors: Liu Yi , Yuan Li , Chu Wen , Yuan Jiayi , Ma Weixing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Two rapid, sensitive, extraction-free spectrophotometric methods were developed for the determination of cysteine. The procedures were based on the addition reaction of cysteine with Aniline blue water soluble (Method A) or cysteine with Acid Fuchsin (Method B) in borax-sodium hydroxide medium, which formed a colorless thioether derivative, and resulting in a decrease in absorbance at wavelengths of 584 and 540 nm respectively. The cysteine complied with Beer's Law in the concentration range of 0.20~2.40 mg/L and 0.50~6.00 mg/L with good precision and accuracy, whose limits of detection were 0.122 mg/L at 584 nm for Method A and 0.113 mg/L at 540 nm for Method B, respectively. The proposed methods have been successfully applied to the determination of cysteine in cysteine capsules. The analytical results of the actual samples were in accordance with those by the copper(II)-neocuproin reagentspectrophotometric method.
Biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose nanofibrils in black tea media by a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast isolated from commercial kombucha beverage
Authors: Hamed Doaa A. , Maghrawy Heba H. , Kareem Hussein Abdel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Bacterial cellulose has drawn the attention for its unique properties and applications including; medicine, pharmacy, food, agricultural, textile and electronics. The present study focused on the production of bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNF) from black tea as cost effective alternative medium in addition to study the effect of gamma radiation on BCNF properties. A symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) were isolated from commercial Kombucha beverage and used for production of BCNF on Hestrin- Schramm (HS), black tea (BT) and modified BT media. BCNF was purified (0.5 N NaOH) and quantified by dry weight, yield and productivity determination. Characterization and effect of gamma radiation (5–25 kGy) on BCNF were studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Bacterial and yeast isolates were identified as Acinetobacter lowffii and Candida krusei (synonymous: Pichia kudriavzevii), respectively. The highest BCNF production was achieved using BT medium with 0.2 and 6.0% tea and sucrose concentrations (4.77 and 4.61g/l, respectively). Supplementation of BT medium with 1% ethanol,0.27% Na2HPO4 and 0.5% yeast extract individually, enhanced the BCNF production (7.85, 6.84 and 5.73 g/l), respectively. FTIR and XRD spectrum of BCNF from sugared water (SW), HS and BT showed similar structure with high purity. Gamma irradiation have no effect on the BCNF structure while showed increasing in its crystallinity with increasing the doses (5–25 kGy). SEM illustrated the morphology of microbial culture and its symbiotic relationship in addition to the ultrafine structure of non-irradiated and irradiated BCNF.
Nanobiocomposites of silver nanoparticles with polygalacturonic acid obtained by one-pot green synthesis: solid-state characterization
Authors: Gasilova Ekaterina , Aleksandrova Galina , Vlasova Elena , Romanov Dmitry , Saprykina Natalia , Tyshkunova Irina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) were obtained by reduction of silver ions in alkaline solutions of polygalacturonic acid (PGA), the main chain of pectins. The growth of AgNP during the reaction was monitored by UV/Vis spectroscopy. The PGA solutions containing AgNPs were nanoprecipitated into an anti-solvent (ethanol) bath. Spherical particles of ca. 70 nm observed by atomic force microscopy embedded spherical AgNPs registered by transmission electron (TEM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies. The AgNP’s distribution determined both by TEM and SEM was Log-normal with the most probable AgNP’s size about 10 - 18 nm. The X-Ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of AgNPs was in accord with the face-centered cubic lattice of silver. The size of silver nanocrystals estimated by XRD was within the interval determined by TEM and SEM. Fourier-transform infrared spectra indicated ( i ) the bidentate bridging between carboxylate groups of PGA and silver atoms on AgNP surface; ( ii ) the strengthening of hydrogen bonds in the nanobiocomposites. The nanobioconjugation of PGA with the growing silver clusters during the synthesis was supposed to produce strip-like defects on AgNP surface that were observed by TEM.
Seasonal changes of mosquito communities structure in two endemic regions for arboviruses in Costa Rica: Species richness, diversity, bloodmeal preferences and viral positivity
Authors: Romero-Vega Luis M. , Piche-Ovares Marta , Soto-Garita Claudio , Murillo Daniel Felipe Barrantes , Chaverri Luis Guillermo , Alfaro-Alarcón Alejandro , Corrales-Aguilar Eugenia , Troyo Adriana 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Mosquitoes are vectors of several arboviruses belonging to the genus Alphavirus and Flavivirus. Costa Rica is endemic for several arboviruses. To described and analyze the community structure of vectors in the country, a sampling was performed in two different coastal locations with evidence of arboviral activity during rainy and dry seasons. Encephalitis vector surveillance Traps, CDC Female Gravid Traps and ovitraps were used. Viral detection for several arbovirus was attempted. Blood-meal identification was also performed. A total of 1802 adult mosquitoes belonging to 55 species were captured. Culex quinquefasciatus was the most captured. species The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was estimated for each area during rainy and dry season. The higher difference between seasonal regional NDVI yield lower values of Chao- Sørensen Similarity Index. Chao2 values and Shannon Index for species diversity were also estimated. There was no viral detection for VEEV, WNV, Madariaga. Dengue virus and Zika virus were detected in two separate Culex quinquefasciatus. The main sources of bloodmeal chickens (60%) and humans (27.5%). Both sampled areas have different seasonal dynamics and population turnover reflected in the Chao2 species richness estimation values and Shannon diversity Index. NDVI influence the mosquito diversity at a regional scale more than at a local scale. However, yearlong continuous sampling is required for a better understanding of local dynamics.
Exercise Persistence and Subjective Well-being: A Chain Mediating Effect Model
Authors: Hui Zhen , Guo Ke-Lei , Huang Wei-Bo , Ma Xiao-Hua , Jia Shu-Bo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between exercise persistence (EA), personal growth initiative (PGI), mindfulness and subjective well-being (SWB), which is beneficial to improve the subjective well-being of college students and promote the development of physical and mental health.Methods: A total of 894 college students (average age =19.51 years, SD = 0.85 years) were sampled by stratified cluster sampling. EA, mindfulness, PGI, and SWB were assessed using standard scales. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, structural equation model test and bias-correction percentile Bootstrap method. Results: (1) There was a significant positive correlation between EA and SWB (r= 0.353), and the direct path between EA and SWB was significant (β= 0.592, t = 5.480, p < 0.01). (2) EA positively predicted mindfulness (β= 0.104, t = 8.964, p < 0.01) and PGI (β= 0.251, t = 8.743, p < 0.01); mindfulness positively predicted SWB (β= 0.915, t = 2.775, p < 0.01) and PGI (β= 1.349, t = 16.985, p < 0.01); and PGI significantly positively predicted SWB (β= 1.080, t = 8.924, p < 0.01). (3) Mindfulness and PGI played a significant mediating role in the relationship between EA and SWB. Specifically, the intermediary effect is composed of three path of indirect effect: EA→ mindfulness→ SWB (mediating effect value is 0.095), EA→ PGI→ SWB (mediating effect value is 0.271), EA→ mindfulness→ PGI→ SWB (mediating effect value is 0.152). (4) There is no gender difference in the chain mediation effect.Conclusion: (1) EA performance significantly positively predicts college students' mindfulness, PGI and SWB, which means that EA can promote college students' mindfulness, PGI and SWB; (2) EA can not only directly affect SWB, but also indirectly affect SWB through the separate intermediary role of mindfulness and PGI, as well as the chain intermediary role of both. It further explains the reasons why EA has an effect on College Students' SWB, which is of great significance to improve and intervene college students' SWB.
Prevalence of Anxiety and Drug Abuse Disorders Among Young Internally Displaced Persons in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Adesina Miracle , Olufadewa Isaac , Oladele Ruth , Ayorinde Toluwase , Solagbade Abimbola , Isiek Edith , Ishatah Grace , Muleta Takele 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Internally displaced person are one of the highest risk groups for mental disorder. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating prevalence of Anxiety and Drug Abuse Disorders among Young Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) in Northern Nigeria.
Case Presentation:
A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in the New Kuchingoro IDP camp and the Durumi IDP camp, Abuja among young persons aged 13–24 years. GAD-7 and DAST-10 questionnaires were translated into Hausa language and used to collect data on generalized anxiety disorder and drug abuse respectively via Kobo Toolbox. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) score of 5, 10, and 15 were considered as the cut-off points for mild, moderate and severe anxiety, respectively. Drug Abuse Screening Tool (DAST-10) score of 0 was considered no problems reported, 1–2 low level, 3–5 moderate level, 6–8 is substantial level and 9–10 is severe level. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 was used for data analysis.
Results
Six hundred and thirty-seven (637) respondents participated in this study with almost half (46.5%) in the 20-24years age group. Some (35.0%) had mild anxiety, 47.9% had moderate drug abuse disorder. However, Chi-square analysis revealed that there was a significant association between age, occupation, family income and anxiety with p-values of 0.027, 0.024, 0.020 and 0.033 respectively.
Conclusion
The study findings revealed that IDPs had a form of anxiety and drug abuse disorder. More mental health intervention should be conducted in IDP camps to help in the reduction of anxiety and drug abuse disorders.
DDX17 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis through the miR-149-3p/CYBRD1 pathway in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhao Gang , Zhang Yue , Gu Rui , Liu Min , Li Qin , Zhang Jie , Yuan Hang , Feng Tianyu , Ou Deqiong , Li Siqi , Li Shan , Li Kai , Mo Chunfen , Lin Ping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
DEAD box helicase 17 (DDX17) has been reported to be involved in the initiation and development of several cancers. However, the functional role and mechanisms of DDX17 in colorectal cancer (CRC) malignant progression and metastasis remain unclear. Here, we reported that DDX17 expression was increased in CRC tissues compared with noncancerous mucosa tissues and further upregulated in CRC liver metastasis compared with patient-paired primary tumors. High levels of DDX17 were significantly correlated with aggressive phenotypes and worse clinical outcomes in CRC patients. Ectopic expression of DDX17 promoted cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo, while the opposite results were obtained in DDX17-deficient CRC cells. We identified miR-149-3p as a potential downstream miRNA of DDX17 through RNA sequencing analysis, and miR-149-3p displayed a suppressive effect on the metastatic potential of CRC cells. We demonstrated that CYBRD1 (a ferric reductase that contributes to dietary iron absorption) was a direct target of miR-149-3p and that miR-149-3p was required for DDX17-mediated regulation of CYBRD1 expression. Moreover, DDX17 contributed to the metastasis and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CRC cells via downregulation of miR-149-3p, which resulted in increased CYBRD1 expression. In conclusion, our ﬁndings not only highlight the significance of DDX17 in the aggressive development and prognosis of CRC patients, but also reveal a novel mechanism underlying DDX17-mediated CRC cell metastasis and EMT progression through manipulation of the miR-149-3p/CYBRD1 pathway.