bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and identification of endophytic bacteria associated with kiwifruit and their biocontrol potential against Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Banihashemian Seyedeh Najmeh , Jamali Salar , Golmohammadi Morteza , Ghasemnezhad Mahmood 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) cause severe losses in kiwifruit-growing regions. The endophytic bacteria could be biological agents for nematodes management. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of endophytic bacteria from kiwifruit orchards and the evaluation of their antagonistic ability against RKN in greenhouse conditions.

Results
In this study, the population of nematode and the bacterial strains were isolated from kiwifruit roots and leaves in the Mazandaran and Guilan provinces of Iran. Molecular experiments were conducted to identify and confirm the bacterial isolates and RKN species. Also, the effects of bacterial isolates on nematode reproduction factors (number of galls, egg masses, and second-stage juveniles, J2) and growth parameters of kiwifruit plants were determined. The RKN was confirmed as Meloidogyne incognita by molecular identification. Also, the endophytic bacteria were identified based on supplementary experiments and molecular analyses. A total of 31 bacterial endophytes were identified to be including 12 genera of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Exiguobacterium, Sphingomonas, Agrobacterium, Variovorax, Pantoea, Microbacterium, Streptomyces, Chryseobacterium, and Chitinophaga. Generally, Bacillus and Pseudomonas were the dominant genera that included 29.03 and 22.58% of total isolated bacteria, respectively. In vitro screening assays, P. ananatis 121.en and P. chlororaphis 54.en displayed considerable antagonistic ability on J2 mortality of M. incognita and were selected for greenhouse surveys. The isolates displayed a significant reduction in the number of galls and egg masses on roots and juvenile’s population in pot soil. Moreover, 121.en and 54.en strains significantly increased growth parameters including root fresh weight and shoot fresh weight than the control kiwifruit seedlings.

Conclusions
The bacterial endophytes are safe and have a low risk of managing the RKNs and can be effective microbial bio-fertilizers for improving kiwifruit plant growth under RKNs infections.
Utilization of quantitative electroencephalogram in China: an online questionnaire survey
Authors: Li Jiayin , Zhu Xiangyi , Pan Shengjie , Lu Yeting , Hu Xiaowei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG) is a tool that uses a computer to analyze brain activity monitored by electroencephalogram (EEG) according to measurements such as frequency, amplitude, and slope. The purpose of this study was to understand the current situation of QEEG utilization in China and further compare the situations among different regions and different levels of hospitals.

Methods
An online questionnaire comprising 14 questions was designed. Statistical description and analysis were made for the results of the questionnaire survey.

Results
A total of 158 people from 134 medical institutions participated in the survey. The participants came from 21 provinces, accounting for 61.76% (21/34) of the 34 provincial administrative regions in China. The Eastern China region accounted for 66.42% (89/134) of all the medical institutions that participated in this survey. Among the institutions surveyed, QEEG was routinely used in only 23.88% (32/134) of them. Among the medical institutions in which QEEG was routinely used, 87.50% (28/32) of them were 3A-grade hospitals. Among the institutions with routine use of QEEG, 56.25% (18/32) were affiliated hospitals of medical schools. There was a significant difference in the utilization of QEEG between the 3A-grade and non-3A-grade hospitals (P = 0.040) and between the hospitals affiliated to medical schools and those non-affiliated to medical schools (P = 0.020).

Conclusions
The utilization of QEEG is still limited in China. There are differences in the use of QEEG among different hospitals and regions.
Intellectual developmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and ptosis caused by copy number variation including the BRPF1 gene in Peruvian patient
Authors: Abarca-Barriga Hugo H. , Chavesta Velásquez Felix , Punil Luciano Renzo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Intellectual developmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and ptosis (MIM #617333) is a very rare condition, characterized by more than 80% by language delay, intellectual disability, gross motor development delay, broad nasal bridge, hypertelorism, and hypotonia. This condition exhibits as autosomal dominant inheritance and is caused by a heterozygous variant in the BRPF1 gene. Additionally, the copy number variation in the terminal region of chromosome 3p (MIM #613792) has been shown to manifest in most patients as intellectual disability, motor delay, and hypotonia.

Case presentation
We present an 18-year-old male patient with facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, ptosis, and congenital heart disease. Using chromosomal microarray analysis, a previously unreported 90 kb deletion involving seven genes was found.

Conclusion
When comparing our findings with 39 previous reports, we found that the common clinical features of this syndrome, such as gross motor delay, hypotonia, and congenital spinal cord abnormalities, were not observed in this patient. From the seven genes implicated in the deletion, only BRPF1 could be strongly correlated with the phenotype, according to its function and haploinsufficiency coefficients.
Neurostructural brain imaging study of trait dissociation in healthy children
Authors: Badura Brack Amy S. , Marklin Marika , Embury Christine M. , Picci Giorgia , Frenzel Michaela , Klanecky Earl Alicia , Stephen Julia , Wang Yu-Ping , Calhoun Vince , Wilson Tony W. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Trait dissociation has not been examined from a structural human brain mapping perspective in healthy adults or children. Non-pathological dissociation shares some features with daydreaming and mind-wandering, but also involves subtle disruptions in affect and autobiographical memory.

Aims
To identify neurostructural biomarkers of trait dissociation in healthy children.

Method
Typically developing 9- to 15-year-olds (n = 180) without psychological or behavioural disorders were enrolled in the Developmental Chronnecto-Genomics (DevCoG) study of healthy brain development and completed psychological assessments of trauma exposure and dissociation, along with a structural T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. We conducted univariate ANCOVA generalised linear models for each region of the default mode network examining the effects of trait dissociation, including scanner site, age, gender and trauma as covariates and correcting for multiple comparison.

Results
We found that the precuneus was significantly larger in children with higher levels of trait dissociation but this was not related to trauma exposure. The inferior parietal volume was smaller in children with higher levels of trauma but was not related to dissociation. No other regions of interest, including frontal and limbic structures, were significantly related to trait dissociation even before multiple comparison correction.

Conclusions
Trait dissociation reflects subtle cognitive disruptions worthy of study in healthy people and warrants study as a potential risk factor for psychopathology. This neurostructural study of trait dissociation in healthy children identified the precuneus as an essential brain region to consider in future dissociation research.
Bone Health in Adults With Prader–Willi Syndrome: Clinical Recommendations Based on a Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: van Abswoude Denise H , Pellikaan Karlijn , Rosenberg Anna G W , Davidse Kirsten , Coupaye Muriel , Høybye Charlotte , Markovic Tania P , Grugni Graziano , Crinò Antonino , Caixàs Assumpta , Poitou Christine , Mosbah Helena , Weir Tessa , van Vlimmeren Leo A , Rutges Joost P H J , De Klerk Luuk W L , Zillikens M Carola , van der Lely Aart J , de Graaff Laura C G 
Published: September 2022

AbstractContextPrader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare complex genetic syndrome, characterized by delayed psychomotor development, hypotonia, and hyperphagia. Hormone deficiencies such as hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, and growth hormone deficiency are common. The combination of hypotonia, low physical activity, and hypogonadism might lead to a decrease in bone mass and increase in fracture risk. Moreover, one would expect an increased risk of scoliosis due to hypotonia and low physical activity.ObjectiveTo study the prevalence and risk factors for skeletal problems (reduced bone mineral density, fractures, and scoliosis) in adults with PWS.MethodsWe retrospectively collected patient characteristics, medical history, medication, biochemical measurements, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans, and spinal X-rays and reviewed the current literature.ResultsWe included 354 adults with PWS (median age 31 years; 43% males), of whom 51 (14%) had osteoporosis (T-score below −2.5) and 143 (54%) had osteopenia (T-score −1 to −2.5). The most prevalent modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis were hypogonadism, insufficient dairy intake, sedentary lifestyle, and corticosteroid use. Male sex was associated with osteoporosis (P = .005). Growth hormone treatment was not associated with osteoporosis. A history of vertebral fractures was present in 10 (3%) and nonvertebral fractures in 59 (17%). Scoliosis was present in 263 (80%), but no modifiable risk factors were identified.ConclusionBesides scoliosis, osteoporosis is common in adults with PWS. Based on the literature and the risk factors for osteoporosis found in our cohort, we provide practical clinical recommendations to avoid skeletal complications in these vulnerable patients.
Mitotic spindle disassembly in human cells relies on CRIPT having hierarchical redox signals
Authors: Xu Kehan , Wang Chunxue , Keinänen Kari , Li Hong , Cai Chunlin 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Swift and complete spindle disassembly in late mitosis is essential for cell survival, yet how it happens is largely unknown in mammalian cells. Here we used real-time live cell microscopy and biochemical assays to show that the primordial dwarfism (PD)-related cysteine-rich protein CRIPT dictates the spindle disassembly in a redox-dependent manner in human cells. This previously reported cytoplasmic protein was found to have a confined nuclear localization with a nucleolar concentration during interphase but was distributed to spindles and underwent redox modifications to form disulfide bonds in CXXC pairs during mitosis. Then, it directly interacted with, and might transfer a redox response to, tubulin subunits via a putative redox exchange among cysteine residues to induce microtubule depolymerization. Expression of CRIPT proteins with mutations of these cysteine residues blocked spindle disassembly, generating two cell types with long-lasting metaphase spindles or spindle remnants. Live-cell recordings of a disease-relevant mutant (CRIPTC3Y) revealed that microtubule depolymerization at spindle ends during anaphase and the entire spindle dissolution during telophase might share a common CRIPT-bearing redox-controlled mechanism.
The AHR target gene scinderin activates the WNT pathway by facilitating the nuclear translocation of β-catenin
Authors: Perez-Castro Lizbeth , Venkateswaran Niranjan , Garcia Roy , Hao Yi-Heng , Lafita-Navarro M. C. , Kim Jiwoong , Segal Dagan , Saponzik Etai , Chang Bo-Jui , Fiolka Reto , Danuser Gaudenz , Xu Lin , Brabletz Thomas , Conacci-Sorrell Maralice 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
The ligand-activated transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) regulates cellular detoxification, proliferation and immune evasion in a range of cell types and tissues, including cancer cells. In this study, we used RNA-sequencing to identify the signature of the AHR target genes regulated by the pollutant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) and the endogenous ligand kynurenine (Kyn), a tryptophan-derived metabolite. This approach identified a signature of six genes (CYP1A1, ALDH1A3, ABCG2, ADGRF1 and SCIN) as commonly activated by endogenous or exogenous ligands of AHR in multiple colon cancer cell lines. Among these, the actin-severing protein scinderin (SCIN) was necessary for cell proliferation; SCIN downregulation limited cell proliferation and its expression increased it. SCIN expression was elevated in a subset of colon cancer patient samples, which also contained elevated β-catenin levels. Remarkably, SCIN expression promoted nuclear translocation of β-catenin and activates the WNT pathway. Our study identifies a new mechanism for adhesion-mediated signaling in which SCIN, likely via its ability to alter the actin cytoskeleton, facilitates the nuclear translocation of β-catenin.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
SHARPIN S146 phosphorylation mediates ARP2/3 interaction, cancer cell invasion and metastasis
Authors: Butt Umar , Khan Meraj H. , Pouwels Jeroen , Westermarck Jukka 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
SHARPIN is involved in several cellular processes and promotes cancer progression. However, how the choice between different functions of SHARPIN is post-translationally regulated is unclear. Here, we characterized SHARPIN phosphorylation by mass spectrometry and in vitro kinase assay. Focusing on S131 and S146, we demonstrate that they have a role in SHARPIN-ARP2/3 complex interaction, but play no role in integrin inhibition or LUBAC activation. Consistent with its novel role in ARP2/3 regulation, S146 phosphorylation of SHARPIN promoted lamellipodia formation. We also demonstrate that SHARPIN S146 phosphorylation-mediated ARP2/3 interaction is sensitive to inhibition of ERK1/2 or reactivation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Notably, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of SHARPIN abrogated three-dimensional (3D) invasion of several cancer cell lines. The 3D invasion of cancer cells was rescued by overexpression of the wild-type SHARPIN, but not by SHARPIN S146A mutant. Finally, we demonstrate that inhibition of phosphorylation at S146 significantly reduces in vivo metastasis in a zebrafish model. Collectively, these results map SHARPIN phosphorylation sites and identify S146 as a novel phosphorylation switch defining ARP2/3 interaction and cancer cell invasion.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
The skeletal muscle phenotype of the DE50-MD dog model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Hildyard John C.W. , Riddell Dominique O. , Harron Rachel C.M. , Rawson Faye , Foster Emma M.A. , Massey Claire , Taylor-Brown Frances , Wells Dominic J. , Piercy Richard J. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Animal models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are essential to study disease progression and assess efficacy of therapeutic intervention, however dystrophic mice fail to display a clinically relevant phenotype, limiting translational utility. Dystrophin-deficient dogs exhibit disease similar to humans, making them increasingly important for late-stage preclinical evaluation of candidate therapeutics. The DE50-MD canine model of DMD carries a mutation within a human ‘hotspot’ region of the dystrophin gene, amenable to exon-skipping and gene editing strategies. As part of a large natural history study of disease progression, we have characterised the DE50-MD skeletal muscle phenotype to identify parameters that could serve as efficacy biomarkers in future preclinical trials. Methods: Vastus lateralis muscles were biopsied from a large cohort of DE50-MD dogs and healthy male littermates at 3-monthly intervals (3-18 months) for longitudinal analysis, with multiple muscles collected post-mortem to evaluate body-wide changes. Pathology was characterised quantitatively using histology and measurement of gene expression to determine statistical power and sample sizes appropriate for future work. Results: DE50-MD skeletal muscle exhibits widespread degeneration/regeneration, fibrosis, atrophy and inflammation. Degenerative/inflammatory changes peak during the first year of life, while fibrotic remodelling appears more gradual. Pathology is similar in most skeletal muscles, but in the diaphragm, fibrosis is more prominent, associated with fibre splitting and pathological hypertrophy. Picrosirius red and acid phosphatase staining represent useful quantitative histological biomarkers for fibrosis and inflammation respectively, while qPCR can be used to measure regeneration (MYH3, MYH8), fibrosis (COL1A1), inflammation (SPP1), and stability of DE50-MD dp427 transcripts. Conclusion: The DE50-MD dog is a valuable model of DMD, with pathological features similar to young, ambulant human patients. Sample size and power calculations show that our panel of muscle biomarkers are of strong pre-clinical value, able to detect therapeutic improvements of even 25%, using trials with only six animals per group.
Support for adult survivors of lymphoma: a literature review
Authors: Berkley Ashleigh 
Published: September 2022

Background: After the completion of chemotherapy, survivors of lymphoma are at risk of developing late effects of their cancer treatment, which can negatively impact their quality of life. Despite the recommendations for support after active treatment ceases, there is a recognised risk that survivors' needs may not be met. Aim: To review the existing literature surrounding professional support in survivorship to establish whether people's needs are being met. Method: A literature review and thematic analysis of 22 primary research articles. Findings: Specialist support and primary care involvement were identified as the two main themes of professional support. Provider-related barriers and individual differences impact the effectiveness of the available support in survivorship. Conclusion: Following guidelines and understanding an individual's personal needs following treatment will help to ensure that survivors receive the right support. Further research with survivors of lymphoma is required to improve outcomes in the future.
Impact of Shigella infections and inflammation early in life on child growth and school-aged cognitive outcomes: Findings from three birth cohorts over eight years
Authors: Rogawski McQuade Elizabeth T. , Scharf Rebecca J. , Svensen Erling , Huggins Amber , Maphula Angelina , Bayo Eliwaza , Blacy Ladislaus , Pamplona E. de Souza Paula , Costa Hilda , Houpt Eric R. , Bessong Pascal O. , Mduma Estomih R. , Lima Aldo A. M. , Guerrant Richard L. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Shigella infections cause inflammation, which has been hypothesized to mediate the associations between Shigella and child development outcomes among children in low-resource settings. We aimed to assess whether early life inflammation and Shigella infections affect school-aged growth and cognitive outcomes from 6–8 years of age.

Methodology/principal findings
We conducted follow-up assessments of anthropometry, reasoning skills, and verbal fluency in 451 children at 6–8 years of age in the Brazil, Tanzania, and South Africa sites of MAL-ED, a longitudinal birth cohort study. We estimated the associations between Shigella burden and inflammation with linear growth at 2, 5, and 6–8 years of age, and with the cognitive test scores using linear regression and adjusting for potential confounding variables. We also assessed whether inflammation mediated the associations between Shigella and school-aged outcomes using a regression-based approach to mediation analysis. A high prevalence of Shigella was associated with a 0.32 (95% CI: 0.08, 0.56) z-score lower height-for-age z-score (HAZ) at 6–8 years compared to a low prevalence of Shigella. Intestinal inflammation had a smaller association with HAZ at 6–8 years. Shigella burden had small and consistently negative associations with cognitive outcomes in Brazil and Tanzania, but not South Africa, and the estimates were not statistically significant. Systemic inflammation was strongly associated with lower verbal fluency scores in Brazil (semantic fluency z-score difference: -0.57, 95% CI: -1.05, -0.10; phonemic fluency z-score difference: -0.48, 95% CI: -0.93, -0.03). There was no evidence that intestinal inflammation mediated the association between Shigella and HAZ or cognitive outcomes.

Conclusions/significance
While Shigella infections were consistently associated with long-term deficits in linear growth, the estimates of the negative associations between Shigella and cognitive outcomes were imprecise and only observed in the Brazil and Tanzania sites. Systemic inflammation was strongly associated with lower semantic and phonemic fluency scores in Brazil only, highlighting the site-specificity of effects.
Voluntary medical male circumcision in selected provinces in South Africa: Outcomes from a programmatic setting
Authors: Moyo Khumbulani , Igaba Nelson , Wose Kinge Constance , Chasela Charles , Phohole Motshana , Grove Skye , Makura Caroline , Mudau Latisani , Taljaard Dirk , Rech Dino , Ramkissoon Arthi , Searle Catherine , Majuba Pappie , Sanne Ian 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) remains an effective biomedical intervention for HIV prevention in high HIV prevalence countries. In South Africa, United States Agency for International Development VMMC partners provide technical assistance to the Department of Health, at national and provincial levels in support of the establishment of VMMC sites as well as in providing direct VMMC services at site level since April 2012. We describe the outcomes of the Right to Care (RTC) VMMC program implemented in South Africa from 2012 to 2017.

Methods
This retrospective study was undertaken at RTC supported facilities across six provinces. Young males aged ≥10 years who presented at these facilities from 1 July 2012 to 31 September 2017 were included. Outcomes were VMMC uptake, HIV testing uptake and rate of adverse events (AEs). Using a de-identified observational database of these clients, summary statistics of the demographic characteristics and outcomes were calculated.

Results
There were a total 1,001,226 attendees of which 998,213 (99.7%) were offered VMMC and had a median age of 15 years (IQR = 12–23 years). Of those offered VMMC, 99.6% (994,293) consented, 96.7% (965,370) were circumcised and the majority (46.3%) were from Gauteng province. HIV testing uptake was 71% with a refusal rate of 15%. Of the newly diagnosed HIV positives, 64% (6,371 / 9,972) referrals were made. The rate of AEs, defined as bleeding, infection, and insufficient skin removal) declined from 3.26% in 2012 to 1.17% in 2017. There was a reduction in infection-related AEs from 2,448 of the 2,602 adverse events (94.08%) in 2012 to 129 of the 2,069 adverse events (6.23%) in 2017.

Conclusion
There was a high VMMC uptake with a decline in AEs over time. Adolescent men contributed the most to the circumcised population, an indication that the young population accesses medical circumcision more. VMMC programs need to implement innovative demand creation strategies to encourage older males (20–34 years) at higher risk of HIV acquisition to get circumcised for immediate impact in reduction of HIV incidence. HIV prevalence in the total population increased with increasing age, notably in clients above 25 years.