bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective study on sex differences in functional capacity, quality of life and prognosis in patients with heart failure
Authors: Ma Yiming , Shi Yunke , Ma Wenfang , Yang Dan , Hu Zhao , Wang Mingqiang , Cao Xingyu , Zhang Chaoyue , Luo Xiang , He Shulin , Zhang Min , Duan Yong , Cai Hongyan 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Due to the lack of evidence and inconsistency of sex differences in Heart failure (HF) in the Chinese population, this study aimed to compare sex differences in functional capacity and quality of life (QoL) between women and men after standard HF medications therapies, and analyze whether sex differences were associated with the composite endpoints of all-cause mortality or HF-related hospitalization and cardiac event-free survival rate in Chinese patients with HF.

Methods:
This was a 1-year longitudinal study. Participants included patients with HF from March 2017 to December 2018. At baseline and followed up at 1, 6, and 12 months later, functional capacity was assessed by 6-minute walk testing (6MWT), QoL was measured with the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) and EuroQoL five dimensions (EQ-5D). The Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to determine sex differences in subsequent outcomes. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify the risk factors for composite endpoints. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare survival.

Results:
All patients were assigned to either men group (n = 94) or women group (n = 60). Longitudinal follow-ups showed a continuously increasing in 6MWT, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall score, EQ-5D visual analogue scale, and EQ-5D Index score in both groups (all P < 0.001); however, women reported a lower level of all parameters at the 1, 6, and 12 months follow-ups (all P < 0.05). In addition, women had a higher risk of all-cause mortality or HF-related hospitalization and a lower cardiac event-free survival rate than men (log-rank test, P = 0.027).

Conclusion:
Women reported worse functional capacity, QoL, and prognosis than men in a sample of Chinese patients with HF. Our findings highlight the importance of paying attention to sex differences in HF.
Personalized treatment of malignant tumors during pregnancy
Authors: Ulrikh E. , Kalinina E. , Dikareva E. , Komlichenko E. , Li O. , Zhamborova O. , Rizhinashvili I. , Dzharbaeva A. , Govorov I. , Artemenko V. , Bezrukikh V. , Salogub G. , Pervunina T. , Urmancheeva A. 
Published: June 2022

The combination of pregnancy and cancer is a challenge for the patient and a problematic clinical dilemma for the doctor. In this retrospective observational cohort study, we have tried to analyze our experience in the management of such patients.
This review includes 41 patients with malignant neoplasms detected during pregnancy who received treatment at the Almazov National Medical Research Centre from 2015-2021.
The majority of patients received treatment during pregnancy (n=26, 63.4%): chemotherapy – 19 (46.3%) (in 2 cases in combination with surgery), surgical treatment – 7 (17, 1%) patients. In most cases, delivery was at term (n=28, 68.3%). All children born at term were mature and had no growth restriction, regardless of whether the mothers received treatment during pregnancy or not.
When detecting cancer during pregnancy, an immediate follow-up examination is required to assess the extent of the tumor and current fetal state. If pregnancy prolongation is requested, the treatment should not be postponed, except for systemic chemotherapy in the first trimester of pregnancy, pelvic radiation at any term.
Clinicopathological and prognostic role of ROC1 in neoplasms: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shen Nirui , Wang Qingting , Qiu Yuanjie , Wang Yan , Li Danyang , Li Manxiang 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Regulator of cullins 1 (ROC1) is frequently overexpressed in multiple tumors, and many pieces of research demonstrate that ROC1 is associated with the prognosis and development of a diversity of neoplasms and it is able to serve as a promising prognostic biomarker. Here we performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of ROC1 in patients suffering from cancer.

Methods:
We searched Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WanFang database. The role of ROC1 in cancers was evaluated by pooled hazard ratios (HRs), odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:
In total, 9 studies including 1002 patients were enrolled in this analysis. The pooled results showed that patients with high expression of ROC1 had poor overall survival (OS) (HR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.48–2.60, P < 0.001) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR: 1.727, 95% CI: 0.965–2.488, P < 0.001). Additionally, elevated expression of ROC1 was significantly correlated with advanced clinical Tumor Node Metastasis stage (OR: 2.708, 95% CI: 1.856–3.951, P < 0.001), positive lymph node metastasis (OR: 1.968; 95% CI: 1.294–2.993, P = .002), large tumor size (OR: 1.522, 95% CI: 1.079–2.149, P = .017) and poor tumor differentiation (OR: 2.448, 95% CI: 1.793–3.344, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Elevated ROC1 expression predicted worse prognosis and advanced pathological parameters in various cancers. ROC1 was a significant prognostic biomarker for poor survival in human cancers.
The evaluation of urinary calprotectin levels for prediction of acute cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity
Authors: Koçak Gülay , Bilik Gamze , Yeşilova Aylia , Oyman Firat , Can Murat , Cihan Şener 
Published: June 2022

Calprotectin is a protein molecule that is released from inflammatory cells. Measurement of calprotectin in various body fluids has recently gained significant importance for differentiating inflammatory and noninflammatory events. The subject has aroused interest in the field of nephrology and some renal pathologies in which urinary calprotectin levels have been studied. In this study, the measurement of urinary calprotectin level and its use for determining acute cisplatin nephrotoxicity in a group of patients with non-small cell lung cancer who received cisplatin-based oncological treatments have been investigated.
The study included 41 patients who received cisplatin-based treatments for non-small cell lung cancer between January 2019 and January 2020. The patients were excluded from this study who were with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, serum creatinine (sCr) >1.5 mg/dL, a history of urinary tract infection, and nephrotoxic drug use in the past month. Baseline and 48-hour sCr values and baseline, 6-hour, 12-hour, 24-hour, and 48-hour urinary calprotectin levels of all patients were measured.
Four of the 41 patients who received cisplatin treatment were excluded because their 48-hour sCr values could not be accessed. The control group included 29 patients. While there was no difference between the cisplatin group and the control group in terms of baseline sCr and eGFR values, the cisplatin group had significantly higher urinary calprotectin values. Of the 37 patients treated with cisplatin, 7 (18.9%) developed cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The comparison of groups with (group 1) and without cisplatin nephrotoxicity (group 2) showed comparable mean age and male sex ratio. Baseline sCr and eGFR values were similar in both groups. The cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity group had significantly higher 48-hour sCr and significantly lower 48-hour eGFR values. Baseline, 12-hour, 24-hour, and 48-hour urinary calprotectin levels were similar in groups with and without cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
Recent studies have demonstrated that urinary calprotectin level measurement can be used to distinguish intrinsic acute kidney disease from prerenal kidney disease. However, the comparison of groups with and without cisplatin nephrotoxicity in our study showed no difference in urinary calprotectin levels. However, there is a need for large-scale studies using combined urinary biomarkers.
Allopurinol use and the risk of dementia: A meta-analysis of case–control studies
Authors: Lai Shih-Wei , Hwang Bing-Fang , Kuo Yu-Hung , Liu Chiu-Shong , Liao Kuan-Fu 
Published: June 2022

Background.
This study aimed to compare the risk of dementia between exposed to allopurinol and not exposed to allopurinol in persons who had gout and/or hyperuricemia.

Methods.
The meta-analysis was conducted to select case–control research written in English through the help of PubMed and Web of Science. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval based on the fixed-effect model was applied to compare the allopurinol exposure among cases (subjects with dementia) and controls (subjects without dementia).

Results.
A total of 4 case–control studies relating the allopurinol exposure to the risk of dementia were identified. The study duration was from 9 to 14 years. The number of study persons was from 3148 to 137,640. The male percentage of study subjects was from 36.9 to 62.5. The mean age of study persons was from 72.3 to 78.7 years. Overall, the odds of the allopurinol exposure among cases were lower than the odds of the allopurinol exposure among control subjects (OR = 0.91, 95% confidence interval = 0.87–0.95, P < .001). The heterogeneity between these eligible studies was low (I² = 0%). The sensitivity analysis revealed that after excluding the studies with concern, the pooled OR did not achieve statistical significance.

Conclusions.
This is the first meta-analysis to report that there is a negative relationship between the allopurinol exposure and the risk of dementia. Although the results favor the hypothesis, currently it is unable to draw strong conclusions about the protective effect of allopurinol against dementia due to inclusion of only a few eligible studies. Randomized controlled trials are needed to explore the relationship between allopurinol exposure and the probability of dementia.
Incidence, characteristics, and treatments of traumatic open fractures in children and adolescents: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Wang Hongwei , Yuan Hong , Liu Lu , Wu Deluo , Ou Lan , Li Changqing , Yu Hailong 
Published: June 2022

We aimed to investigate the incidence, characteristics, and treatments of open fractures in children and adolescents (≤18 years old).
We retrospectively reviewed the records of 2418 children and adolescents who presented with traumatic fractures and were admitted to our university-affiliated hospitals, among which 206 patients (8.5%) presented with open fractures. The patients’ clinical and radiographic records were reviewed, and the age, gender, cause of injury, injury season, injury week, associated injuries and complications were collected.
This study enrolled 1789 males (74.0%) and 629 females (26.0%) with an average age of 11.2 ± 5.0 years. The patients were divided into an open fracture group (OF group, n = 206) and a group with no open fracture (No-OF group, n = 2212). There were 206 patients (8.5%) who presented with open fractures and the most common fracture sites were the tibia (31.1%, 64/206) and fibula (20.9%, 43/206). The patients in the OF group presented with higher frequency of emergency admission (P < 0.001), self-supporting medical insurance (P < 0.001), MVCs (P < 0.001), wounded by machine (P < 0.001), struck by object (P < 0.001), hurt/cut by others (P < 0.001), lower limb fractures (P < 0.001), multiple fractures (P = 0.010), associated injuries (P < 0.001) and wound infection (P = 0.003) then the patients in the No-OF group. The most common complication were wound infection (5.8%) and pneumonia (1.0%) in the OF group, wound infection (2.1%) and pressure sores (2.0%) in the No- OF group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that mechanical trauma (OR = 64.229, P < 0.001), being hurt/cut by others (OR = 26.757, P < 0.001), and being struck by an object (OR = 15.345, P < 0.001) were stronger risk factors for open fracture than were low falls; additionally, lower limb fractures (OR = 5.970, P < 0.001), upper limb fractures (OR = 5.865, P < 0.001) and multiple fractures (OR = 5.414, P < 0.001) were stronger risk factors than craniofacial fractures for open fractures. The frequency of surgical treatment for the patients with traumatic open fractures (87.9%, 181/206) was significantly higher than those without open fractures (72.2%, 1596/2212) (P < 0.001). The hospital stays and fees for surgical treatment for the patients with traumatic open fractures were significantly higher than those without open fractures (P < 0.001).
Etiology (especially being injured by a machine or being hurt/cut by others) and the fracture site (including lower limb fractures and upper limb fractures) were independent risk factors for open fractures. Traumatic open fractures presented with higher surgical treatment rate, hospital stays and fees.
Changes in tibial nerve stiffness during ankle dorsiflexion according to in-vivo analysis with shear wave elastography
Authors: Kawanishi Kengo , Nariyama Yuki , Anegawa Keisuke , Tsutsumi Masahiro , Kudo Shintarou 
Published: June 2022

A more detailed assessment of pathological changes in the tibial nerve (TN) is needed to better assess how physical therapy influences TN pathologies. The cross-sectional nerve area can be used for TN assessment but may be influenced by individual differences in parameters, such as body height, body weight, and foot length. Therefore, there are no known reliable noninvasive quantitative methods for assessing TN neuropathy. Although recent ultrasonographic studies reported that TN stiffness changes could be used to assess TN neuropathies of the foot, these studies did not consider the joint position, and peripheral nerve tension can change with joint movement. Therefore, we considered that TN stiffness assessment could be improved by analyzing the relationship between ankle joint position and TN stiffness. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between TN stiffness and ankle angle changes using shear wave elastography. We hypothesized that the TN shear wave velocity significantly increases with ankle dorsiflexion and that the total ankle range or maximum dorsiflexion range correlates with the shear wave velocity.
This cross-sectional study included 20 TNs of 20 healthy adults. Ultrasonography and shear wave elastography were used to evaluate the TN. TN stiffness was measured at 5 ankle positions as follows: maximum dorsiflexion (100% df), plantar flexion in the resting position (0% df), and 3 intermediate points (25% df, 50% df, and 75% df).
TN shear wave velocity increased with an increase in ankle df angle. While total ankle range was significantly and negatively correlated with TN stiffness in all ankle positions, the maximum ankle df angle was significantly and negatively correlated only at 75% and 100% df.
TN stiffness below 50% df may be affected by gliding or decreased nerve loosening, and TN stiffness above 75% df may be influenced by nerve tensioning. When measuring TN stiffness for diagnostic purposes, TN should be assessed at an ankle joint angle below 50% df.
Acupoint herbal patching for bronchitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jun Ji Hee , Kim Kyeong Han , Song Eunhye , Ang Lin , Park Sunju 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Acupoint herbal patching (AHP) has long been used to treat patients with bronchitis in East Asia. This review assessed the efficacy and safety of AHP as a treatment for bronchitis.

Methods:
We performed a literature search using the 9 databases and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs that used AHP for bronchitis. The methodological quality of each RCT was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook version 5.3, the risk of bias tool, and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).

Results:
Seven RCTs were included based on the inclusion criteria. All RCTs were published in China and had a high risk of bias. Three RCTs compared AHP with conventional drug therapy for the treatment of bronchitis. The meta-analysis also showed a significant improvement in treatment effectiveness (relative risk [RR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15, 1.42; P < .00001; I2 = 0%). Two RCTs investigated AHP combined with conventional drug therapy versus conventional drug therapy. The meta-analysis showed that AHP was significantly more effective than conventional therapy in terms of treatment effective rate (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03, 1.29; P = .01; I2 = 0%). Three RCTs reported adverse events, and none reported severe adverse events.

Conclusions:
AHP appears to be more effective than conventional drug therapy alone or a placebo. Furthermore, the AHP appears to be a safe treatment option. However, due to the small number of included trials and their poor methodological quality, future studies should include larger sample sizes and well-designed RCTs.

Trial registration number:
PROSPERO: CRD 42018110380.
Longitudinal Cognitive Outcomes in Children With HIV in Zambia: 2-Year Outcomes From the HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in Zambia (HANDZ) Study
Authors: Patil Gauri , Mbewe Esau G. , Kabundula Pelekelo P. , Smith Hannah , Mwanza-Kabaghe Sylvia , Buda Alexandra , Adams Heather R. , Potchen Michael J. , Mweemba Milimo , Johnson Brent A. , Schifitto Giovanni , Gelbard Handy , Birbeck Gretchen L. , Bearden David R. 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
To describe longitudinal outcomes and predictors of cognitive outcomes in children with HIV in Zambia.

Background:
Multiple studies have shown that children with HIV are at risk for impaired cognition. However, there are limited data on longitudinal cognitive outcomes in children with HIV.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective cohort study of 208 perinatally infected children with HIV ages 8–17 years, all treated with antiretroviral therapy, and 208 HIV-exposed uninfected controls. Participants were followed for 2 years. Cognition was assessed with a custom NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery, and tests were combined to generate a Summary Cognition Score (SCS). The contribution of potential risk factors to outcomes was explored using regression models and group-based trajectory modeling.

Results:
HIV was strongly associated with lower SCS at baseline [β-14, 95% confidence interval (CI): −20 to −7, P < 0.001]. Change scores over time were similar between groups, but poorer average performance in children with HIV persisted at the 2-year follow-up visit (adjusted β = −11, 95% CI: −22 to −0.3, P = 0.04). Other than HIV, the strongest predictors of baseline SCS included socioeconomic status index (β =3, 95% CI: 1, 5, P = 0.004), history of growth stunting (β=−14, 95% CI: −23 to −6, P = 0.001), history of CD4 count below 200 (β = −19, 95% CI: −35 to −2, P = 0.02), and history of World Health Organization stage 4 disease (β = −10, 95% CI: −19 to −0.2, P = 0.04). In the group-based trajectory model, HIV+ status predicted membership in the lowest performing trajectory group (odds ratio 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2 to 5.1, P = 0.01).

Conclusions:
Children with HIV are at risk of poor cognitive outcomes, despite chronic treatment with antiretroviral therapy.
Long-term Clinical Outcomes and Predictive Factors for Living-donor Liver Transplant Recipients With Biliary Strictures
Authors: Han Ji Won , Choi Jong Young , Lee Soon Kyu , Sung Pil Soo , Jang Jeong Won , Yoon Seung Kew , Choi Young Hoon , Lee In Seok , Oh Jung Suk , Chun Ho Jong , Choi Ho Joong , You Young Kyoung 
Published: June 2022

Background.
Biliary strictures frequently occur in living-donor liver transplant (LDLT) recipients. However, long-term clinical outcomes and their associated factors are unclear.

Methods.
We analyzed an historical cohort of 228 recipients who underwent LDLT with post-liver transplantation biliary strictures. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography or percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage were performed to treat biliary strictures. Patients that experienced persistent jaundice over 3 mo after the initial treatment were defined as a remission-failure group.

Results.
Median observation period was 8.5 y after the diagnosis of biliary stricture. The 15-y graft survival (GS) rate was 70.6%, and 15-y rate of developing portal hypertension (PH) was 26.1%. Remission failure occurred in 25.0% of study participants. In the multivariate analysis, biopsy-proven acute rejection, and portal vein/hepatic artery abnormalities were risk factors for remission failure. Development of PH, retransplantation, and death were significantly more frequent in the remission-failure group. Remission failure and PH were associated with poor GS. In multivariate analyses, hepatic artery abnormality and biloma were common significant factors that were associated with a poor GS and development of PH.

Conclusions.
The insufficient blood supply reflected by hepatic artery abnormality and biloma might be the most important factor that can predict poor long-term survival in LDLT patients with biliary strictures. Future large-scale prospective studies are needed to validate our observations.
Repertoire-Scale Measures of Antigen Binding
Authors: Arora Rohit , Arnaout Ramy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAntibodies and T-cell receptors (TCRs) are the fundamental building blocks of adaptive immunity. Repertoire-scale functionality derives from their epitope-binding properties, just as macroscopic properties like temperature derive from microscopic molecular properties. However, most approaches to repertoire-scale measurement, including sequence diversity and entropy, are not based on antibody or TCR function in this way. Thus, they potentially overlook key features of immunological function. Here we present a framework that describes repertoires in terms of the epitope-binding properties of their constituent antibodies and TCRs, based on analysis of thousands of antibody-antigen and TCR-peptide-major-histocompatibility-complex binding interactions and over 400 high-throughput repertoires. We show that repertoires consist of loose overlapping classes of antibodies and TCRs with similar binding properties. We demonstrate the potential of this framework to distinguish specific responses vs. bystander activation in influenza vaccinees, stratify CMV-infected cohorts, and identify potential immunological “super-agers.” Classes add a new dimension to assessment of immune function.