bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Body Weight on Self-Esteem among Undergraduate Young Adult Students of Doctor of Physiotherapy, Karachi
Authors: Naz Anum , Ishaque Farhan , Yasmeen Samreen , Naz Erum , Afzal Rida , Khan Fazila 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To determine the recurrence of body disappointment, loss of control and self- related wellbeing in interpose the relationship among body weight and impairments in self-esteem among students of Doctor of Physiotherapy (DPT) in both campuses of IPMR of DUHS, Karachi.
Material and Methods: The research was among youthful understudies of the two sexes (boys and girls) of Doctor of Physiotherapy in both campuses of IPMR of Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi. Concluded an overview through the questionnaire (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale according to the sample size of 298 computed through online programming Open Epi. The survey was acknowledged globally and it was standardized questionnaire. The data was assembled by figuring the BMI among body weight understudies of (DPT) and to check the level of self-esteem by Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The survey conducted from January 2019 to February 2019.
Results: Normal weight was adjusted to 18.50 till 24.90 – a total of 81 respondents, Overweight was adjusted to 25.00 till 29.90 of 35 respondents, obese category was adjusted to 30.00 or more a total of 17 respondents were adjudged to be in this category as per weigh ranges BMI. After analyzing the Chi-Square tabulation, it was found that the highest self-esteem was found in the normal weight BMI category respondents followed by the overweight category and the lowest self-esteem was found in obese category. As the table shows that girls have more self-esteem as compared to the boys, although the girl’s respondents are more so than boys are.
Conclusion: It has been conclude that the proportion of the highest self-esteem were found in the normal weight BMI category respondents followed by the overweight category and the lowest self-esteem was found in obese category.
Keywords: Body Mass Index, Stress, Obesity, Body image, Depression and Self-esteem.
Relationship between empathy and personality traits in students of a Public Sector Medical University
Authors: Naeem Liaqat, Maria Ata, Nida -e- Haider Naeem Liaqat, Maria Ata, Nida -e- Haider 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Empathy among medical students and doctors, is rather unexplored part of medical flora and fauna which may vary with each personality.
Objective: to determine the correlation between empathy and personality traits of final year medical students.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Rawalpindi Medical University, Pakistan. A total of 144 medical students were included in the study. For personality traits assessment and empathy assessment, Big Five Inventory and Interpersonal Reactivity Index were used. All the data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results: The mean score for empathy scale was found to be 61.25 ± 10.0. Females were more empathetic than males in all subscales but pointedly so in empathetic concern scale. Overall empathy scale was strongly correlated with Agreeableness and Neuroticism (P<0.001). Perspective taking scale was positively related with Agreeableness and openness, Empathy concern scale was positively related with Agreeableness, and Personal Distress was positively related with Conscientiousness and Neuroticism. The demographic factors of age and gender explained only 1.7%, 6.8%, 2.4% and 2.0% of the variance in the four scales of empathy. After adjustment for age and gender, perspective taking was positively associated with Agreeableness and Openness and Personal distress was associated with Agreeableness, Neuroticism and Openness.
Conclusion:
We conclude that personality traits have a substantial correlation with empathy and its subscales. So we need to evaluate the personality of a medical student and tailor a set of rules for each individual consistent with their persona to develop empathy in them.
Keywords:
Big Five; Personality; Empathy; Medical students; Pakistan
Comparison of frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index versus single deepest vertical pocket
Authors: Rehman Saleema , Rizwan Humera , Akram Ayesha , Kousar Shermeen , Irshad Samina 
Published: October 2022

Objective: To compare the frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index versus single deepest vertical pocket.
Study design: Randomized controlled trial
Place and duration of study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Holy Family hospital, Rawalpindi from March 2020 to August 2020.
Materials & Methods: A total of 110 (55 in each group), 18 to 35 years of age of parity <5 were included. Group A females were evaluated by using AFI and group B females were evaluated by using SDVP. Patients were managed according to standard protocol practiced in the department. Caesarean section was performed in case of fetal distress, in presence of meconium stained liquor or in case of failure to progress of labour.
Results: In my study, oligohydramnios was recorded in 19/55 (34.50%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 11/55 (20.0%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.086). Similarly induction of labour was recorded in 19/55
(34.50%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 11/55 (20.0%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.086) and caesarean section was recorded in 16/55 (29.09%) in group A (amniotic fluid index) versus 07/55 (12.73%) in group B (single deepest vertical pocket) (p-value = 0.035).
Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of diagnosis, induction of labour and caesarean section in patients with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed by amniotic fluid index is higher as compared to single deepest vertical pocket.
Keywords: Oligohydramnios, Amniotic fluid index, Single deepest vertical pocket
Evaluation and Susceptibility Pattern of Staphylococci Isolated From Clinical Specimens in POF Hospital, Wah Cantt.
Authors: Ghazal Lubna , Mushtaq Saba , Ashraf Sohail , Rafique Saima , Bilal Muhammad , Iqbal Naila 
Published: October 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens as a result of culture and sensitivity.
Materials & Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in POF Hospital Microbiology laboratory from January 2019 to September 2020. One hundred and eighty four staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens were processed as per standard methodology.
Results: Out of 148, methicillin resistant S.aureus and methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci were 38.04% and13.04% respectively. Infections caused by Methicillin resistant staphylococcal isolates were higher among the age group 31-40 years (71.4%, OR=2.68). Out of thirty expired patients, 53.3% had been infected with methicillin resistant staphylococcal infections. The methicillin resistant staphylococci were most frequent in miscellaneous category of clinical specimens (80.0%, OR=4.63). The susceptibility analysis revealed that methicillin resistant staphylococci are 100% resistant to penicillin, meropenem and amoxycillin-clavulanate (p=0.000). A significant association of methicillin resistance was also noticed against amikacin (p=0.002), ciprofloxacin (p=0.001), clindamycin (p=0.005) and erythromycin (p=0.000). Moxifloxacin, linezolid and vancomycin are the most effective choice for infections caused by methicillin resistant staphylococci.
Conclusions: The methicillin-resistant staphylococci are highly resistant to commonly prescribed oral as well as injectable antibiotics. Establishment and implementation of infection control policies are required to combat the grave situation of increasing antibiotic resistance.
Health Education Workshops with AFIU Staff in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rana Sumbal , Munir Ali Arsalan , Zafar Rafiq , Wahid Faisal , Rizvi Syed Ehtesham Haider , Mirza Zahoor Iqbal 
Published: October 2022

Objective: To describe the experience of educational activities in the prevention and management of COVID-19 with a staff of AFIU.
Materials and Methods: Experience report of lectures and hands-on approach to COVID-19 Pandemic.
Results: It was carried out as two hand sanitizing, donning, and doffing workshops preceded by lectures on the prevention of COVID-19 with 323 participants attending from AFIU.
Conclusion: the hybrid approach of lectures with hands-on training was effective in building up and refreshing the knowledge of staff in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Comparison of Tzanakis and Alvarado scoring system in diagnosis of acute appendicitis, with Histopathology as gold standard
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Zafar , Ahmed Malik Irfan , Malik Naveed Akhtar , Kamran Ali , Qaiser Muhammad Umar , Riaz Samra 
Published: October 2022

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Tzanakis and Alvarado score for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis taking histopathology as the gold standard.
Materials and Methods: It was a Cross-sectional validation study The study was carried out at the emergency department of RMC allied hospital Rawalpindi. The study was completed in eighteen months from 1st May 2016 till 30th Nov 2017. After approval from the ethical committee total of 420 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria from the emergency department of District head Quarter hospital, Rawalpindi was taken. Informed consent was taken from patients or their attendants, and their demographic information like name, age, sex, and address was obtained. Alvarado score and Tzanakis score were calculated (as per operational definition) at the time of admission of the patients. After surgery, the specimen appendix was sent for histopathology in the hospital lab. The diagnosis of the acute appendix was based on a positive histological report which was verified by a pathologist. All the data was entered by a researcher who will collect the data by himself.
Results: The mean age of patients in this study was 20.15±7.13 years with 218 (51.9%) males and 202 (48.1%) females. The mean Alvardo score was recorded as 7.22±1.58 with the mean Tzanakis score being 9.64±3.13. The histopathology for diagnosing appendicitis showed positive for 367 (87.4%) patients and negative for 53 (12.6%) patients. The sensitivity of Alvarado score for diagnosing appendicitis, keeping histopathology as the gold standard was 86.92%, specificity was 92.45%, Positive Predictive Value was 98.76%, and Negative Predictive Value was 50.52% and overall diagnostic accuracy was 87.62%. The sensitivity of the Tzanakis score for diagnosing appendicitis, keeping histopathology as the gold standard was 88.83%, specificity was 88.6%, Positive Predictive Value was 98.19%, Negative Predictive Value was 53.41% and overall diagnostic accuracy was 88.81%.
Conclusion: The sensitivity of the Tzanakis score was high when compared to the Alvarado score. And specificity was high in the Alvarado score when compared to the Tzanakis score. Moreover, the overall diagnostic accuracy of the Tzanakis score was high when compared to the Alvarado score. SoTzanakis score can be utilized to predict appendix and in the future, we can avoid negative appendectomies.
EFFORTS TO INCREASE COFFEE STORE BUSINESS INCOME THROUGH FINANCIAL LITERATURE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Rahmawati Christina Heti Tri , Rubiyatno Rubiyatno , Sutadi Theodorus 
Published: October 2022

The existence of a coffee shop (warkop) as a business option for the community is very easy to find where it serves coffee of various types. The ease of entering the coffee shop market has an impact on the competition between coffee shops in obtaining increasingly fierce consumers. The COVID-19 pandemic also has an impact on the sustainability of coffee shops because income has decreased and cannot finance business operations. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) coffee shops who have good financial literacy will be able to manage finances and increase business income. This community service aims to provide assistance to coffee shop business actors, especially in Omak Kopi SMEs regarding financial literacy and financial management. The results of this assistance are MSME actors Omak Kopi (1) have financial literacy in the medium category including financial institution service products to invest by saving, making loans, and insurance; and (2) able to perform financial management by making good financial records. This assistance has implications for increasing financial literacy and managing business finances which in turn increases the income of MSME actors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Financial Literacy; Business Income; Coffee Shop
Investigating 2M1155−79B: A Nearby, Young, Low-mass Star Actively Accreting from a Nearly Edge-on, Dusty Disk
Authors: Dickson-Vandervelde D. Annie , Kastner Joel H. , Gagné Jonathan , Schneider Adam C. , Faherty Jacqueline , Wilson Emily C. , Pinte Christophe , Ménard Francois 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We investigate the nature of an unusually faint member of the ϵ Cha association (D ∼ 100 pc, age ∼5 Myr), the nearest region of star formation of age <8 Myr. This object, 2MASS J11550336−7919147 (2M1155−79B), is a wide-separation (∼580 au), comoving companion to low-mass (M3) ϵ Cha association member 2MASS J11550485−7919108 (2M1155−79A). We present near-infrared (NIR) spectra of both components, along with analysis of photometry from Gaia Early Data Release 3, the Two Micron All Sky Survey, the Vista Hemisphere Survey, and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). The NIR spectrum of 2M1155−79B displays strong He i 1.083 emission, a sign of active accretion and/or accretion-driven winds from a circumstellar disk. Analysis of WISE archival data reveals that the mid-infrared excess previously associated with 2M1155−79A instead originates from the disk surrounding 2M1155−79B. Based on these results, as well as radiative transfer modeling of its optical/IR spectral energy distribution, we conclude that 2M1155−79B is most likely a young, late M star that is partially obscured by, and actively accreting from, a nearly edge-on circumstellar disk. This would place 2M1155−79B among the rare group of nearby (D ≲ 100 pc), young (age <10 Myr) mid-M stars that are orbited by and accreting from highly inclined protoplanetary disks. Like these systems, the 2M1155−79B system is a particularly promising subject for studies of star and planet formation around low-mass stars.
Developmental venous anomaly causing obstructive hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis: а case report
Authors: Bogovski Stefan , Sirakova Kristina , Sirakov Alexander , Vladev Georgi , Sirakov Stanimir 
Published: October 2022

Cerebral developmental venous anomalies are asymptomatic benign cerebrovascular malformations that are commonly found accidentally on brain magnetic resonance imaging. It is not uncommon for cerebrospinal fluid flow to be obstructed at the level of the aqueduct of Sylvius, causing an obstructive non-communicating hydrocephalus. Most notable reasons for such an obstruction at that level are tumors, congenital etiology, or post-inflammatory gliotic atresia.
Herein we present the case of a 65-year-old male patient with an unusual symptomatic developmental venous anomalies causing stenosis and obstruction of the aqueduct of Sylvius at the level of the mesencephalon. Features of this case are discussed together with its implications, including recognizing, diagnosing, and treating such a finding.
New deletion in LAMP2 causing familial Danon disease. Effect of the X-chromosome inactivation
Authors: Sivitskaya Larysa , Vaikhanskaya Tatiyana , Danilenko Nina , Liaudanski Aleh , Davydenko Oleg , Zhelev Nikolai 
Published: October 2022

Danon disease (DD), a rare X-linked genetic illness with a poor prognosis, is caused by a mutation in the lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 gene (LAMP2). Three main clinical features of this pathology are cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, and mental retardation. Most Danon disease mutations create premature stop codons resulting in the decrease or absence of LAMP2 protein.
The present case reports the frameshift variant c.190_191delАС in the LAMP2 in the family with sudden cardiac death history and three members with cardiomyopathy. The presenting phenotype in a female proband with c.190_191delАС was isolated dilated cardiomyopathy in her thirties whereas in two males, DD presented as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and mild skeletal myopathy since childhood. To examine the contribution of X-inactivation to cardiomyopathy onset we estimated the X-inactivation status in the heart tissue of the affected female. We observed the random pattern (66:34) with the proportion of cardiomyocytes expressing healthy LAMP2 allele reduced to 34%. Deletion c.190_191delАС has led to a complete loss of function LAMP2 due to a single copy of this gene in males. In a woman, cardiomyopathy developed because of both the LAMP2 mutation and a decrease in the expression of a healthy allele in the heart.
Based on the strong association of truncating LAMP2 mutations with DD and phenotypes in affected members, the variant c.190_191delАС was classified as pathogenic.
Child abuse syndrome – a forensic case of fatal impulsive act of violence
Authors: Tsranchev Ivan , Timonov Pavel , Spasov Svetlozar , Dobrev Todor , Yancheva Stela , Gulinac Milena , Fasova Antoaneta 
Published: October 2022

Child abuse syndrome is a medico-social problem widely spread around the world, which includes a complex of clinically manifested forms of violence against children. This syndrome includes different forms of physical violence, sexual violence, neglect, and emotional violence against children. The main problem with this type of violence continues to be the large number of unregistered “hidden” cases. The consequences of violence against children are serious and have a lasting negative effect on the physical and mental health of the victims. Child abuse is often a result of impulsive violent behavior with minimal provocation and may have a fatal outcome.
We present a case of a 3-year-old boy, admitted to the Emergency Department of the Municipal Hospital in Asenovgrad, Bulgaria, in a state of biological death. Case circumstances during the police investigation were unclear and the body was transported for forensic examination. During the forensic autopsy, many traumatic injuries were observed over the whole body – bruises of different ages, fractures of bones, abdominal trauma with bucket-handle tear of the mesentery, thoracic trauma with contusions and ruptures of the lungs, rupture of the diaphragm, and many other injuries that are specific predictors for this type of child physical abuse.
The main aim of the present report is to enrich the knowledge of medical workers in their routine practical work in the identification and determination of child abuse syndrome. It could prevent the fatal outcome and reduce the mortality from this specific type of violence.
Use of contraceptives by Roma women from Plovdiv region
Authors: Vladimirova Marieta , Amudzhiyan Diruhi , Momchilova Teodora , Becheva Maria Vakrilova 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The share of unwanted pregnancies and voluntary abortions among women from Central and Eastern Europe is still quite high, and Bulgaria is no exception to this statistic. This might be accounted for by the low frequency of use of contraceptives or their improper use. Our country is home to a variety of ethnic groups, with Roma being one of the most numerous, ranking third in population behind Bulgarians and Turks. This determines the influence of this ethnic group on the demographic indicators of the country.
Aim: To study the knowledge of contraceptive use and the frequency of use of contraceptive methods and means among Roma women from the Plovdiv region and the factors influencing it.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 70 Roma women via structured, anonymous interviews in 2019. Statistical data analysis was performed using non-parametric methods, descriptive and correlation analyses.
Results: The main method of preventing unwanted pregnancies for the Roma is the interrupted intercourse. The husband and his mother influence the decision to use contraception. Higher education and financial security have a positive effect on the frequency of contraceptive use.
Conclusions: Reproductive behaviour among Roma is largely determined by their ethnic traditions. Characteristic features were observed, such as early marriages, early sexual intercourse, short pro- and intergenetic interval. Roma women have little knowledge of the various methods and means of preventing unwanted pregnancies. The frequency of contraceptive use is very low.
In vitro antiviral activities of fruit extract from Lycium barbarum and methylxanthines extracted from Pu-erh and Bancha tea leaves
Authors: Vilhelmova Neli , Nikolova Ivanka , Georgiev Kaloyan D. , Slavov Iliya J. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Based on traditional medicine, many countries use various plant products (fruits, leaves and other plant parts) as food supplements or in the form of tea. The use of these plant sources has been established through the years of use and the proven benefits of their ingredients to improve human health.
Aim: In the present study, we have focused on the effect of Lycium barbarum fruit extract and methylxanthines isolated from Pu-erh (MXP) and Bancha (MXB) tea leaves on Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), poliovirus 1 (PV1) and coxsackievirus B1 (CVB1) virus in vitro.
Materials and methods: We used in vitro antiviral and virus attachment assays to determine the effects of the three extracts we studied.
Results: None of the extracts showed significant inhibition of replication of the three treated viruses but a remarkable inhibitory effect on extracellular virions of HSV-1 was exhibited 30 minutes after exposure, especially by the Lycium barbarum extract. The inhibitory effect of the three extracts on the level of adsorption of the HSV-1 to sensitive cells (MDBK) was also significant, with the most pronounced effect of the MXP. The protective effect of the extracts against herpes infection on healthy cells was also determined, the MXP showing the most notable effect.
Conclusions: The three studied extracts can be used effectively in the treatment of herpes infections, as well as in infections with other enveloped viruses.