bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of esketamine vs dexmedetomidine adjunct to propofol sedation for pediatric 3Tesla magnetic resonance imaging: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial
Authors: Xu Shang-xian , Shan Xi-sheng , Gao Jin-meng , Liu Hua-xian , Chen Wei-rong , Gao Shan-shan , Ji Fu-hai , Peng Ke , Wang Qian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Adequate sedation is essential for pediatric patients undergoing 3Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Using propofol alone is associated with patient arousing and adverse airway events. This study aimed to assess esketamine vs dexmedetomidine adjunct to propofol sedation for pediatric 3 T MRI.

Methods
In this randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, 114 pediatric patients aged between 6 months and 8 years were randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to the esketamine–propofol group or the dexmedetomidine–propofol group. Sedation was provided with esketamine or dexmedetomidine in combination with propofol titration. The primary outcome was the total dose of propofol. Secondary outcomes included propofol infusion dose, adverse events, time to emergence from sedation, and time to discharge from recovery room.

Results
A total of 111 patients completed this study (56 in the esketamine–propofol group and 55 in the dexmedetomidine–propofol group). All MRI procedures were successfully performed under sedation. The total median (IQR) dose of propofol was significantly lower in the esketamine–propofol group (159.8 [121.7, 245.2] μg/kg/min) than that in the dexmedetomidine–propofol group (219.3 [188.6, 314.8] μg/kg/min) (difference in medians [95% CI] =  − 66.9 [− 87.8 to − 43.0] μg/kg/min, P < 0.0001). The use of esketamine resulted in a lower dose of propofol for titration (difference in medians [95% CI] =  − 64.3 [− 75.9 to − 51.9] μg/kg/min), a shorter time to emergence (difference in means [95% CI] =  − 9.4 [− 11.4 to − 7.4] min), and a reduced time to recovery room discharge (difference in means [95% CI] =  − 10.1 [− 12.1 to − 8.2] min). In the dexmedetomidine–propofol group, 2 patients experienced upper airway obstruction and 6 patients had bradycardia. No episodes of oxygen desaturation or other adverse events were observed.

Conclusions
Although both regimens provided effective sedation for pediatric 3 T MRI, the esketamine–propofol sedation reduced propofol requirement and facilitated recovery, without detection of increased adverse effects in the studied population.
Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (identifier: ChiCTR2100048477).
SLIT2 promoter hypermethylation predicts disease progression in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Wu De-long , Wang Yun , Zhang Ting-juan , Chu Ming-qiang , Xu Zi-jun , Yuan Qian , Ma Ji-chun , Lin Jiang , Qian Jun , Zhou Jing-dong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Aberrant DNA methylation plays a crucial role in the progression of myeloid neoplasms. Previously, our literature reported that slit guidance ligand 2 (SLIT2) promoter methylation was associated with disease progression and indicated a poor prognosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Herein, we further investigated the clinical implications and role of SLIT2 promoter methylation in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

Methods
The level of SLIT2 promoter methylation was determined in 104 CML patients, and its clinical significance was analyzed. Moreover, demethylation studies were performed in K562 cells to determine the epigenetic mechanism by which SLIT2 promoter methylation is regulated in CML.

Results
The level of SLIT2 promoter methylation was similar between CML patients and controls. However, deeper analysis revealed that the SLIT2 promoter methylation level in the accelerated phase (AP) and blast crisis (BC) was markedly higher than that in the chronic phase (CP) and controls. Additionally, a marked difference was identified between the SLIT2 promoter hypermethylated and non-hypermethylated groups among CML patients grouped by clinical stage. The frequency of SLIT2 hypermethylation was markedly increased with the progression of clinical stage, that is, it was the lowest in CP samples (12/80, 15%), higher in AP samples (4/8, 50%) and the highest in BC samples (11/16, 69%). Importantly, the level/density of SLIT2 promoter methylation was significantly higher in the advanced stage than in the early stage among the 6 tested paired CML patients. Epigenetically, the expression of the SLIT2-embedded non-coding genes SLIT2-IT1 and miR-218 expression was decreased in patients with CML. SLIT2 promoter hypermethylated cases had a markedly lower SLIT2-IT1 expression level than SLIT2 promoter non-hypermethylated cases. Moreover, SLIT2-IT1 and miR-218 expression was remarkably upregulated in a dose-dependent manner after demethylation treatment of K562 cells.

Conclusions
Hypermethylation of the SLIT2 promoter is correlated with disease progression in CML. Furthermore, SLIT2 promoter methylation may function by regulating the expression of the SLIT2-embedded non-coding genes SLIT2-IT1 and miR-218 during CML progression.
Maternal autonomy but not social support is a predictor of child feeding indicators in the Northern Region, Ghana
Authors: Wemakor Anthony , Awuni Victoria , Issah Salifu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Child malnutrition may be mediated by poor infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices. This study sought to explore if maternal social support or autonomy was related to IYCF indicators in Northern Region, Ghana.

Methods
An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with 395 randomly sampled mother–child pairs from 8 health facilities. Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, social support and autonomy statuses of mothers, and dietary intake and anthropometry of children. Maternal social support and autonomy statuses were derived and classified into tertiles and IYCF and child growth indicators were derived based on WHO protocol. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association of maternal social support and autonomy statuses to IYCF indicators and child nutritional status.

Results
The mean age of the women was 27 (± 5.10) years and most belonged to the lowest tertile of social support (52.4%), and autonomy (44.1%). About half of the children, 53.2% and 44.6%, received Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) and Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD) respectively but the majority (72.9%) received Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF). About a fifth of the children, 21.0%, 24.1%, and 20.5%, were wasted, stunted, and underweight respectively. Maternal autonomy was associated with IYCF but not growth indicators of young children. Compared to children of mothers of richest autonomy tertile, children of women of middle autonomy tertile were 67% less likely to receive MDD [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 0.33; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.18–0.59], and 56% less likely to receive MAD (AOR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.24–0.77). Also, children belonging to mothers of poorest autonomy tertile were 56% less likely to receive MMF compared to children of richest maternal autonomy tertile (AOR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.23–0.84).

Conclusion
Maternal autonomy and not social support is associated with IYCF indicators of children in Northern Ghana; child survival programmes should incorporate or strengthen women empowerment interventions to improve child nutrition.
Artemisia vulgaris Linn: an updated review on its multiple biological activities
Authors: Siwan Deepali , Nandave Dipali , Nandave Mukesh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundArtemisia vulgaris Linn, an annual herb, is also known as Mugwort or Wormwood in English, Nagadouna in Hindi, Mashibattiri, or Machipatri in Tamil. Native habitats are temperate Asia, Europe, Northern Africa and Alaska. Ethnomedicinally, it is used in traditional treatments to treat depression, epilepsy, irritability, insomnia and stress. This plant is called Herbaka in the Philippines and is used to alleviate hypertension. It is utilized as a culinary herb in western countries and is often used to flavor rice dishes and tea in Asia.Main body of the abstractBotanical description, holistic approaches, ethnomedical uses and phytochemical screening ofA. vulgaris along with its variousin vitro/in vivopharmacological activities reported are the prime focus of this literature. The primary phytoconstituents and diverse pharmacology of this plant have been fully uncovered in order to learn about its previously unrecognized ethnomedicinal uses and provide scientists with new knowledge to advance their study of this plant.Short conclusionThis review includes various principle phytoconstituents (hydroxybenzoic acid, rutoside, camphen, 1, 8-cineole and α-thujone) which are extensively shown biological activities such as analgesic, anti-fungal and anti-bacterial. However, further investigations are needed for identifying chemical constituents responsible for the claimed ethnomedicinal uses along with their mechanism of action. It is also anticipated here that the review will be the current understanding ofArtemisia vulgarisapplication in complementary and alternative medicine.
Psychotherapy by Reciprocal Inhibition: Wolpe's unique legacy to the evolution of cognitive–behavioural therapy
Authors: Carona Carlos , Ramos Kevin , Salvador Céu 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARYThe book Psychotherapy by Reciprocal Inhibition (1968) is widely acclaimed as the masterwork of Joseph Wolpe, a great pioneer in the development of behavioural therapy, and is considered one of the most influential books in the history of clinical psychology. In this article, a brief biography of Wolpe is followed by a critical review of the book that illustrates his major contributions to the evolution of cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) as the most empirically supported model of psychotherapy.
A genome-wide CRISPR screen implicates plasma membrane asymmetry in exogenous C6-ceramide toxicity
Authors: Morris Siti Nur Sarah , Deol Kirandeep K. , Lange Mike , Olzmann James A. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The bioactive sphingolipid ceramide impacts diverse cellular processes (e.g. apoptosis and cell proliferation) through its effects on membrane dynamics and intracellular signaling pathways. The dysregulation of ceramide metabolism has been implicated in cancer evasion of apoptosis and targeting ceramide metabolism has potential therapeutic benefits as a strategy to kill cancer cells and slow tumor growth. However, the mechanisms of cancer cell resistance to ceramide-mediated cell death are vastly intertwined and incompletely understood. To shed light on this mystery, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen to systematically identify regulators of cancer resistance to the soluble short chain ceramide, C6 ceramide (C6-Cer). Our results reveal a complex landscape of genetic modifiers of C6-Cer toxicity, including genes associated with ceramide and sphingolipid metabolism, vesicular trafficking, and membrane biology. Furthermore, we find that loss of the phospholipid flippase subunit TMEM30A impairs the plasma membrane trafficking of its binding partner, the P4-type ATPase ATP11B, and depletion of TMEM30A or ATP11B disrupts plasma membrane asymmetry and promotes resistance to C6-Cer toxicity. Together, our findings provide a resource of genetic modifiers of C6-Cer toxicity and reveal an unexpected role of plasma membrane asymmetry in C6-Cer induced cell death.
A metazoan-specific C-terminal motif in EXC-4 and Gα-Rho/Rac signaling regulate cell outgrowth during tubulogenesis in C. elegans
Authors: Arena Anthony F. , Escudero Julianna , Shaye Daniel D. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Chloride intracellular channels (CLICs) are conserved proteins for which the cellular and molecular functions remain mysterious. An important insight into CLIC function came from the discovery that Caenorhabditis elegans EXC-4/CLIC regulates morphogenesis of the excretory canal (ExCa) cell, a single-cell tube. Subsequent work showed that mammalian CLICs regulate vascular development and angiogenesis, and human CLIC1 can rescue exc-4 mutants, suggesting conserved function in biological tube formation (tubulogenesis) and maintenance. However, the cell behaviors and signaling pathways regulated by EXC-4/CLICs during tubulogenesis in vivo remain largely unknown. We report a new exc-4 mutation, affecting a C-terminal residue conserved in virtually all metazoan CLICs, that reveals a specific role for EXC-4 in ExCa outgrowth. Cell culture studies suggest a function for CLICs in heterotrimeric G protein (Gα/β/γ)-Rho/Rac signaling, and Rho-family GTPases are common regulators of cell outgrowth. Using our new exc-4 mutant, we describe a previously unknown function for Gα-encoding genes (gpa-12/Gα12/13, gpa-7/Gαi, egl-30/Gαq and gsa-1/Gαs), ced-10/Rac and mig-2/RhoG in EXC-4-mediated ExCa outgrowth. Our results demonstrate that EXC-4/CLICs are primordial players in Gα-Rho/Rac-signaling, a pathway that is crucial for tubulogenesis in C. elegans and in vascular development.
Nutritional status, nutrient imbalances, food-related behaviors and dietary supplements use among patients with celiac disease on a gluten free diet in Lebanon: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Hoteit Maha , Chamas Zeinab , Assaf Shaza , Bouhairie Malek Michael , Bahr Abbas , Daccache Romy , Matar Rami , Hallal Marwa , Hallal Mahmoud , Hotayt Samer , Hotayt Bilal 
Published: November 2022

Background: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten, that occurs in susceptible individuals and is associated with dietary restriction and subsequent nutritional deficiencies. This study investigated the diet quality, nutrition imbalances and nutrition status among young children,adolescents and adults with CD who followed a gluten free diet an who were referred to several hospitals in Lebanon.Methods:A cross-sectional study in 50 individuals (31.74 ± 15.64 years) with CD was conducted, using biochemical parameters, anthropometric measurements, dietary and physical activity assessments.Results: Of the 50 participants, 38% and 16% were presenting low serum levels of iron and vitamin B12, respectively. The majority of participants were physically inactive and around 40% of them had low muscle mass. A weight loss of 10% to 30% indicating mild to moderate malnutrition was shown in 14% of individuals. The assessment of food-related behaviors shows that 80% of participants were reading nutrition labels and 96% of them were following gluten-free diets. Some barriers including family ignorance (6%), language of the nutrition labels (20%) and expensive GF products (78%) were limiting the adherence to GFD. The inadequacy of the daily energy intake along with insufficient intakes of calcium and vitamin D were remarked among individuals with CD. However, protein and iron intake were exceeding the recommendations among all age groups, except in males aged 4-8 years and 19-30 years. Half the study participants were using dietary supplements where 38%, 10%, 46%, 18%, 16% and 4% used vitamin D, vitamin B12, iron, calcium, folate and probiotics, respectively.Conclusion: GFD is the key treatment for CD. However, it is not without inadequacies and may cause certain deficiencies such as calcium and vitamin D leading to reduced bone density. This underlines the critical role of dietitians in education and maintenance of healthy GFD among individuals with CD.
Trends in prevalence and patterns of use of a heated tobacco product (IQOS™) in Japan: A three-year repeated cross-sectional study
Authors: Fischer Karina , Bajec Martha , Mainy Nelly , AlMoosawi Suzana , Sieverding Marius , Zwisele Bertram , Camille Nathalie , Magnani Pierpaolo , Roulet Steve 
Published: November 2022

Background: Numerous smoke-free tobacco or nicotine-containing product (TNP) alternatives have been introduced to support individual- and population-level harm reduction relative to continued cigarette smoking. This article details the nationwide prevalence and patterns of TNP use between 2016 and 2019 in Japan following the commercialization of IQOS™, a smoke-free heated tobacco product (HTP). Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted over a period of three study years (2016/2017, 2017/2018, and 2018/2019) in representative samples of the Japanese general adult population and samples of Japanese adult IQOS users registered in the IQOS owner database of Philip Morris International’s affiliate in Japan. Results: Across the three study years (Y1-Y3), the prevalence of overall current TNP use (Y1-Y3: 18.5%, 18.9%, and 18.2%) and overall TNP use by age and sex remained similar. However, there was a growing shift from cigarette smoking to smoke-free TNP use across the three study years. While the cigarette smoking prevalence (Y1-Y3: 17.6%, 17.3%, and 16.0%) decreased, the use prevalence of smoke-free TNPs, including the HTP IQOS™ (Y1-Y3: 1.8%, 3.2%, and 3.3%) and e-cigarettes (Y1-Y3, 0.7%, 1.6%, and 2.0%) increased. At the same time, TNP initiation, TNP relapse, and TNP reinitiation with IQOS were all very low across the three study years. Across Y1-Y3, exclusive use of only one type of TNP (Y1-Y3: 82.3%, 75.0%, and 70.4%) decreased, while dual use of two types of TNPs (Y1-Y3: 14.3%, 17.2%, and 16.7%) increased, and poly-TNP use (Y1-Y3: 2.1%, 6.1%, and 10.0%) increased markedly. Moreover, the majority of adult IQOS users were exclusive IQOS users. Conclusions: These trends in IQOS use behavior suggest that IQOS™ has the potential to switch adult smokers from cigarettes to smoke-free tobacco products, which presents a harm reduction opportunity, and that HTPs are effective tools for complementing current tobacco control measures.
A scoping review protocol on diagnostic and treatment costs of cardiovascular disease management in India
Authors: Tasneem Shaik Husna , Dhanal Mehnaaz M. , Renjith Merin , Subramanian Raveesh , Dhyani Vijay Shree , Krishnan Jisha B. , Pundir Prachi , Sirur Andria J.N. , Rajendran Ambigai 
Published: November 2022

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality in India. Economic threats due to CVDs have surged, as diagnostic and treatment costs are out-of-pocket expenses. The increasing prevalence of CVDs in India is due to globalization, industrialization, aging, tobacco and alcohol consumption, diet, and sleep patterns. This scoping review provides a summary of the costs incurred in diagnosing and treating CVDs in India. Methods: The JBI updated methodology aligned with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) will guide this scoping review. Searches will be conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, Econ Papers, and ProQuest databases. Google Scholar and Shodhganga will be used to search for relevant gray literature. Bibliographic mining will be performed to identify additional relevant studies. The literature published from 2000 onwards will be the primary focus. All direct and indirect costs for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs across various levels of healthcare settings will be included. A two-stage independent screening, consisting of title and abstract screening, followed by full-text screening, will be conducted to identify eligible articles. Data will be extracted from full-text studies using a customized data extraction form. The results will be compiled and presented in the scoping review performed. Ethics and dissemination: A conference presentation and scientific peer-reviewed journal publication will be the sources for disseminating the review results. This study does not require an ethics review because publicly available sources were used to retrieve data.
Criminalistic and criminological analysis of the Thomas Restobar case in Peru in the context of sanitary measures by COVID-19: A case study
Authors: Jauregui-Montero José Antonio , Rivera-Lozada Oriana , Neyra-Rivera Carlos , Bonilla-Asalde Cesar Antonio 
Published: November 2022

Background: The aim of this study was to collect and analyze the experiences in regard to the application of criminalistic and criminological protocols and procedures, which were used to carry out the intervention in the premises of Thomas Restobar in Peru, in the context of the declaration of sanitary measures to control COVID 19. This police intervention resulted in the death of 13 people. Methods: For the collection of information, we used the focus group technique, for which a script was designed and validated by five experts, considering six major subcategories: C1SC1: Joint investigation and prosecution work, C1SC2: Protocols and guidelines, C1SC3: Chain of custody (police, experts, and prosecutor), C1SC4: Quality of results; C2SC1: Participation of agents of Thomas Restobar and the municipality, C2SC2: Compliance with DIGESA-DIRIS health regulations. The study was approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee of the Universidad Norbert Wiener, with approval file N°864-2021. Results: From the criminological analysis it became evident that the deficiencies identified in the six structured subcategories have led to the tragic death of thirteen people from asphyxiation. The people who attended this bar did not comply with the sanitary norms, exposing the health and life of their relatives and other people. The security agents of the premises and of the Municipality of Los Olivos did not comply with the norms of supervision and control, which finally led to the unfortunate death of 13 people from asphyxiation, closely related to the case of Utopia, in 2002. Conclusions: When evaluated by the experts of the focus group, it has generated two emerging categories: creation of a School of Experts and the categorization of the experience, which would prevent cases like Utopia and Thomas Restobar from happening again.
Rapid review on monkeypox policies among the G20 nations: relevance to policy and practitioner
Authors: Dsouza Viola Savy , Pattanshetty Sanjay , Raj Rohit , DS Anupama , Gudi Nachiket , Brand Helmut 
Published: November 2022

Background: Monkeypox has been declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by the WHO Director General (WHO-DG). Most of the G20 nations have reported Monkeypox outbreak. Policies developed and implemented in G20 countries for the prevention and control of monkeypox preparedness and response have global consequences. This rapid review aimed to map the monkeypox prevention and control policies planned and implemented in G20 nations in line with temporary recommendations issued by the WHO-DG. Methods: We mapped monkeypox prevention and control policies in G20 nations based on the WHO-DG recommendations. Medline (through PubMed), Scopus, and ProQuest Health and Medical Complete were searched to understand G20 preventative, diagnostic, and therapeutic policies. We also performed an extensive gray literature search through the Ministry of Health websites and newspaper through Google. The documents/ studies that had an information on prevention, control and management guidelines/policies and published through journal, news articles and health ministry websites of G20 nations on monkeypox were included. We excluded the editorials, opinion, and perspective papers and studies published prior to May 6, 2022. Results: We obtained 671 articles with 10 articles included in the review. Additionally, we identified 55 documents from the gray literature. We included national guidelines of the 18 countries on the control, prevention, and management of monkeypox. National guidelines were compared with the WHO guidelines in terms of implementing coordinated response, engaging and protecting communities, surveillance and public health measures and international travel, clinical management and infection, prevention and control (IPC) measures and medical countermeasures research. Depending on the availability of resources, some recommendations are followed by nations while others are not. Conclusions: Coordinated response among states is key to contain the transmission of monkeypox. To bring a coordinated response, G20 nations are following temporary recommendations that are context specific to their nation.