bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pylorus‐preserving versus Pylorus‐resecting: Impact on dynamic changes of nutrition and body composition in pancreatic cancer patients before and after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Jin Qianna , Ren Qianqian , Chang Xiaona , Lu Xiaoming , Wang Guobin , He Nan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate if different methods of pancreatoduodenectomy (with or without pyloric preservation) would have different impacts on postoperative nutrition and body composition changes among pancreatic cancer patients.MethodsDemographic and clinicopathological data, perioperative data were collected, body composition (e.g. skeletal muscle cross‐sectional area [CSA], visceral fat area [VFA]) were evaluated with abdominal CT before and after surgery. Sarcopenia patients' proportion changes were also recorded.ResultsThe hospital stay in the PRPD group was significantly less than that in the PPPD group (p < 0.05). A significant difference was found in CSA, skeletal muscle index (SMI), VFA, VFA/CSA and albumin (ALB) in both groups between preoperative, 3, and 12 months after surgery. The loss of visceral fat in the PRPD group was more prominent than that in the PPPD group at 3 months and 12 months after surgery (p < 0.05). VFA/CSA was higher in the PPPD group than in the PRPD group (3 months: p < 0.05, 12 months: p < 0.001). The proportion of sarcopenic patients increased significantly over time in the PPPD and PRPD groups (p < 0.001).ConclusionsPostoperative CSA and VFA continued to significantly decrease in both PPPD and PRPD groups, while the incidence of sarcopenia continued to increase. Compared with PRPD, PPPD has a protective effect on visceral fat. PPPD may contribute to better maintaining visceral fat mass and blood ALB levels. CT quantification can be an objective and effective method to evaluate the nutritional status of pancreatic cancer patients during the pre‐ and postoperative period and can provide a useful objective basis for guiding clinical treatment.
Coumarins from Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibiting Activity
Authors: Du Ning‐Ning , Bai Ming , Zhang Xin , Zhou Le , Huang Xiao‐Xiao , Song Shao‐Jiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNine coumarins including a pair of new enantiomers (1a/1b) and seven known compounds (2–8) were isolated from Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai. Among them, compounds 1a and 1b were naturally occurring coumarin‐phenylpropanoid conjugate enantiomers. Their structures were identified by NMR and ECD calculations. Compounds 1–8 were tested for acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibiting activity. The results of the enzymology experiment showed that compound 3 demonstrated obvious AchE inhibitory activity which showed the IC50 value of 1.982±0.003 μM, and the binding sites were predicted by molecular docking.
3D‐atlas of the brain of the cockroach Rhyparobia maderae
Authors: Althaus Vanessa , Jahn Stefanie , Massah Azar , Stengl Monika , Homberg Uwe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Madeira cockroach Rhyparobia maderae is a nocturnal insect and a prominent model organism for the study of circadian rhythms. Its master circadian clock, controlling circadian locomotor activity and sleep–wake cycles, is located in the accessory medulla of the optic lobe. For a better understanding of brain regions controlled by the circadian clock and brain organization of this insect in general, we created a three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction of all neuropils of the cerebral ganglia based on anti‐synapsin and anti‐γ‐aminobutyric acid immunolabeling of whole mount brains. Forty‐nine major neuropils were identified and three‐dimensionally reconstructed. Single‐cell dye fills complement the data and provide evidence for distinct subdivisions of certain brain areas. Most neuropils defined in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster could be distinguished in the cockroach as well. However, some neuropils identified in the fruit fly do not exist as distinct entities in the cockroach while others are lacking in the fruit fly. In addition to neuropils, major fiber systems, tracts, and commissures were reconstructed and served as important landmarks separating brain areas. Being a nocturnal insect, R. maderae is an important new species to the growing collection of 3D insect brain atlases and only the second hemimetabolous insect, for which a detailed 3D brain atlas is available. This atlas will be highly valuable for an evolutionary comparison of insect brain organization and will greatly facilitate addressing brain areas that are supervised by the circadian clock.
Application of cellulose‐based hydrogel electrolytes in flexible batteries
Authors: Liu Zixiang , Wang Rui , Ma Quanwei , Kang Hongwei , Zhang Longhai , Zhou Tengfei , Zhang Chaofeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFlexible energy storage devices have the advantages of portability and safety, and have great potential for developing electronic materials in the future. In flexible batteries, the electrolyte presents an essential role in the electrochemical performance and safety of the batteries. Hydrogel electrolyte materials are considered to be one of the ideal electrolyte materials due to their environmental friendliness, high safety, maneuverability, and innocuity. However, ordinary hydrogels often suffer some defects, such as insufficient ductility and poor water retention. Currently, many researchers report cellulose materials as reinforcing agents to improve the performance of hydrogels. In this paper, we review the recent application of cellulose in hydrogel‐based materials for energy storage technology and summarize the functions and properties of cellulose. In addition, we analyze the shortcomings of cellulose used in hydrogels and briefly describe the prospects of cellulose materials, hoping to contribute to the research in this field.
Advances in cutting‐edge electrode engineering toward CO2 electrolysis at high current density and selectivity: A mini‐review
Authors: Tang Jiayi , Weiss Ellen , Shao Zongping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 conversion has been raised as a promising solution for building a carbon‐neutral economy under today's circumstances of increasing energy shortages and air pollution from human activities. Research on electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is gradually entering a pilot‐scale stage. The use of device‐level CO2 electrolysis in the production of value‐added chemicals and fuels at a high production rate and selectivity is highly required to make the technology economical and sustainable. With more exploration toward device‐level performance optimization, it gradually becomes clear that electrode engineering on structures, surface properties, active site distribution, and density, as well as the electrode–electrolyte interface, is more critical than the intrinsic activity of catalytic sites. Taking this into account, this review focuses on interpreting the design principles in aspects with the aim of enhancing the CO2RR toward a specific product yield and production rate. This mini‐review summarizes the advances in this dynamic field in the most recent 5 years, including the fabrication of porous gas diffusion electrodes, and self‐supporting electrodes, establishment of tandem or cascade electrode function, as well as tuning of interfacial cation buffering and wettability, and analyze the trends in the future scientific and technological development of device‐level CO2 electrolysis. Hopefully, this mini‐review could provide some insights into the opportunities in the next‐generation electrode design for the industrial carbon cycle.
Bioequivalence and Relative Bioavailability Studies to Assess a New Acalabrutinib Formulation That Enables Coadministration With Proton‐Pump Inhibitors
Authors: Sharma Shringi , Pepin Xavier , Burri Harini , Zheng Lianqing , Kuptsova‐Clarkson Nataliya , de Jong Anouk , Yu Ting , MacArthur Holly L. , Majewski Michal , Byrd John C. , Furman Richard R. , Ware Joseph A. , Mann James , Ramies David , Munugalavadla Veerendra , Sheridan Louise , Tomkinson Helen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAcalabrutinib is a Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor approved to treat adults with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, small lymphocytic lymphoma, or previously treated mantle cell lymphoma. As the bioavailability of the acalabrutinib capsule (AC) depends on gastric pH for solubility and is impaired by acid‐suppressing therapies, coadministration with proton‐pump inhibitors (PPIs) is not recommended. Three studies in healthy subjects (N = 30, N = 66, N = 20) evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PKs), pharmacodynamics (PDs), safety, and tolerability of acalabrutinib maleate tablet (AT) formulated with pH‐independent release. Subjects were administered AT or AC (orally, fasted state), AT in a fed state, or AT in the presence of a PPI, and AT or AC via nasogastric (NG) route. Acalabrutinib exposures (geometric mean [% coefficient of variation, CV]) were comparable for AT versus AC (AUCinf 567.8 ng h/mL [36.9] vs 572.2 ng h/mL [38.2], Cmax 537.2 ng/mL [42.6] vs 535.7 ng/mL [58.4], respectively); similar results were observed for acalabrutinib's active metabolite (ACP‐5862) and for AT‐NG versus AC‐NG. The geometric mean Cmax for acalabrutinib was lower when AT was administered in the fed versus the fasted state (Cmax 255.6 ng/mL [%CV, 46.5] vs 504.9 ng/mL [49.9]); AUCs were similar. For AT + PPI, geometric mean Cmax was lower (371.9 ng/mL [%CV, 81.4] vs 504.9 ng/mL [49.9]) and AUCinf was higher (AUCinf 694.1 ng h/mL [39.7] vs 559.5 ng h/mL [34.6]) than AT alone. AT and AC were similar in BTK occupancy. Most adverse events were mild with no new safety concerns. Acalabrutinib formulations were comparable and AT could be coadministered with PPIs, food, or via NG tube without affecting the PKs or PDs.
Hitting the Bull's Eye: Stable HeBeOH+Complex
Authors: Yun Gai‐ru , Li Hai‐xia , Cabellos Jose Luis , Tiznado William , Cui Zhong‐hua , Pan Sudip 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIt is now known that the heavier noble gases (Ng=Ar‐Rn) show some varying degrees of reactivity with a gradual increase in reactivity along Ar−Rn. However, because of their very small size and very high ionization potential, helium and neon are the hardest targets to crack. Although few neon complexes are isolated at very low temperatures, helium needs very extreme situations like very high pressure. Here, we find that protonated BeO, BeOH+can bind helium and neon spontaneously at room temperature. Therefore, extreme conditions like very low temperature and/or high pressure will not be required for their experimental isolation. The Ng−Be bond strength is very high for their heavier homologs and the bond strength shows a gradual increase from He to Rn. Moreover, the Ng−Be attractive energy is almost exclusively originated from the orbital interaction which is composed of one Ng(s/pσ)→BeOH+σ‐donation and two weaker Ng(pπ)→BeOH+π‐donations, except for helium. Helium uses its low‐lying vacant 2p orbitals to accept π‐electron density from BeOH+. Previously, such electron‐accepting ability of helium was used to explain a somewhat stronger helium bond than neon for neutral complexes. However, the present results indicate that such π‐back donations are too weak in nature to decide any energetic trend between helium and neon.
Assessment and aesthetic impact of a long‐term vertical discrepancy between the single anterior maxillary implant‐supported crown and adjacent teeth: A retrospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sauvin Grégoire , Nurdin Nathalie , Bischof Mark , Kiliaridis Stavros 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the vertical discrepancy between implant‐supported crowns and adjacent teeth in the maxillary anterior region at least 8 years after implant placement and to evaluate the influence of this discrepancy on the level of aesthetic awareness of patients.Material and MethodsThe sample consisted of 23 adult individuals evaluated at least 8 years after placement of an implant‐supported central or lateral single tooth‐fixed partial denture. Patients had their crowns delivered at a mean age of 47.8 years (range: 18.9–65.8). The vertical discrepancy was measured by comparing initial and follow‐up periapical radiographs using the implant as a stable structure. The patients' satisfaction with their anterior teeth condition and awareness of the possible vertical problem were evaluated using a questionnaire. The aesthetic outcome and patient awareness were related to the objective measurement of the vertical discrepancy.ResultsThe implant showed a mean infraocclusion of 0.62 mm (range: 0.15–1.63 mm). The vertical discrepancy was not associated with the patient's gender, age at implant placement, and duration between initial and recall radiograph. Patients were generally satisfied with the long‐term aesthetic outcome of their smile (mean: 3.9 on a 1–5 scale, 1 unsatisfied, and 5 completely satisfied). Out of 23 patients, 8 noticed the implant infraocclusion and 4 of them found the problem severe enough to be willing to improve the situation. The amount of vertical discrepancy was not associated with the patient's perception of the discrepancy and the pink aesthetic score.ConclusionImplant‐supported crowns in the anterior region may suffer infraocclusion over the long term. The amount of vertical discrepancy was not dependent on the gender and age of the patient. Patients were generally satisfied with the aesthetic result of the restoration. The amount of vertical discrepancy, at least in the range we have measured, was not perceived by the patients as a complication.
Sustainable business models of small and medium‐sized enterprises and the relationships to be established within the supply chain to support these models
Authors: Macchion Laura , Toscani Antonio Cavallin , Vinelli Andrea 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNowadays sustainability plays a crucial role in both academia and industry, and new insights are required to answer many open questions on the topic. This study focuses on sustainable business models (SBMs) by adopting a supply chain perspective to identify the value of sustainability practices along the supply chain for different SBMs. In particular, the research investigates four small and medium‐sized enterprises (SME) case studies that have been able to implement new SBMs wisely integrating the concept of sustainability with their supply chain partners. First, the results confirm that SBMs need to be supported by strong alignment with sustainability practices within the entire supply chain to be successfully implemented. Secondly, the application of the proper practices of selection, monitoring, collaboration, and integration among supply chain partners within various SBMs is the key to achieving sustainability objectives. The paper, therefore, contributes to the debate by bringing new evidence to the SBMs topic, investigating how the success of these models is possible only through a precise definition of the relationships to be established in the supply chain.
Fine needle aspiration cytology of the primitive myxoid mesenchymal tumor of infancy
Authors: Rajasekaran Sangamitra , Kundu Reetu , Dey Pranab 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPrimitive myxoid mesenchymal tumor of infancy (PMMTI) is a recently described entity, previously included under the umbrella of undifferentiated sarcomas. These tumors are notorious for recurrence, chemoresistance and may even metastasize. We describe here, for the first time, the cytomorphology of PMMTI. Further, we discuss the morphological differentials and relevant immunocytochemical markers to reach a correct diagnosis. Knowledge about the distinctive cytomorphological features with characteristic immunocytochemistry is the key to the challenging diagnosis of PMMTI. Establishing the diagnosis on cytology is not difficult in cases of recurrence when such a history is forthcoming. These tumors are a rarity, and awareness of cytomorphology and employment of ancillary techniques is diagnostic, guiding the appropriate therapeutic management.
Cystic hepatic metastases in treatment naïve neuroendocrine tumor: Cytomorphology clubbed with cell block immunocytochemistry clinches the diagnosis
Authors: Shastri Malvika , Kundu Reetu , Krishnaraju Venkata Subramanian , Bhujade Harish , Bhandari Rajan Mani , Sood Ashwani 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCystic hepatic lesions encompass a vast spectrum of infectious, non‐neoplastic, and neoplastic entities. Most hepatic cysts are benign and asymptomatic, requiring no active intervention. However, symptomatic and malignant cysts need proper evaluation and specific treatment. An accurate preoperative diagnosis is pivotal for patient management. At times, these lesions may mimic, especially symptomatology and radiology, leading to a diagnostic ordeal. We herein present a case of a patient with cystic liver lesions in a treatment naïve neuroendocrine tumor that was a diagnostic dilemma on radiology. Low cellularity of cytology smears made the diagnosis challenging, and cell block immunocytochemistry finally clinched the diagnosis. A timely diagnosis provided on cytology fuelled further work‐up, the discovery of primary tumor, and initiation of appropriate therapy.
Eating Disorder Examination–Questionnaire and Clinical Impairment Assessment norms for intersectional identities using an MTurk sample
Authors: Kambanis P. Evelyna , Bottera Angeline R. , Mancuso Christopher J. , Spoor Samantha P. , Anderson Lisa M. , Burke Natasha L. , Eddy Kamryn T. , Forbush Kelsie T. , Keith Jill F. , Lavender Jason M. , Mensinger Janell L. , Mujica Christin , Nagata Jason M. , Perez Marisol , De Young Kyle P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThere are limited data to guide the interpretation of scores on measures of eating‐disorder psychopathology among underrepresented individuals. We aimed to provide norms for the Eating Disorder Examination–Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) and Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA) across racial/ethnic, gender, and sexual identities, and sexual orientations and their intersections by recruiting a diverse sample of Amazon MTurk workers (MTurkers; N = 1782).MethodWe created a comprehensive, quantitative assessment of racial/ethnic identification, gender identification, sex assigned at birth, current sexual identification, and sexual orientation called the Demographic Assessment of Racial, Sexual, and Gender Identities (DARSGI). We calculated normative data for each demographic category response option.ResultsOur sample was comprised of 68% underrepresented racial/ethnic identities, 42% underrepresented gender identities, 13% underrepresented sexes, and 49% underrepresented sexual orientations. We reported means and standard deviations for each demographic category response option and, where possible, mean estimates by percentile across intersectional groups. EDE‐Q Global Score for a subset of identities and intersections in the current study were higher than previously reported norms for those identities/intersections.DiscussionThis is the most thorough reporting of norms for the EDE‐Q and CIA among racial/ethnic, sexual, and gender identities, and sexual orientations and the first reporting on multiple intersections, filling some of the gaps for commonly used measures of eating‐disorder psychopathology. These norms may be used to contextualize eating‐disorder psychopathology reported by underrepresented individuals. The data from the current study may help inform research on the prevention and treatment of eating‐disorder psychopathology in underrepresented groups.Public SignificanceWe provide the most thorough reporting on racial/ethnic, sexual, and gender identities, and sexual orientations for the Eating Disorder Examination – Questionnaire and Clinical Impairment Assessment, and the first reporting on intersections, which fills some of the gaps for commonly used measures of eating‐disorder psychopathology. These norms help inform research on the prevention and treatment of eating‐disorder psychopathology in underrepresented groups.
Performance evaluation of a new prognostic‐efficacy‐combination design in the context of telemedical interventions
Authors: Pigorsch Mareen , Möckel Martin , Gehrig Stefan , Wiemer Jan C. , Koehler Friedrich , Rauch Geraldine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsTelemedical interventions in heart failure patients intend to avoid unfavourable, indication‐related events by an early, individualized care, which reacts to the current patients need. However, telemedical support is an expensive intervention, and usually only patients with high risk for unfavourable follow‐up events will be able to profit from it. Möckel et al. therefore adapted a new design which we call ‘prognostic‐efficacy‐combination design’. This design allows to define a biomarker cut‐off and to perform a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in a biomarker‐selected population within a single study. However, so far, it has not been evaluated if this double use of the control group for biomarker cut‐off definition and efficacy assessment within the RCT leads to a bias in treatment effect estimation. In this methodological research work, we therefore want to evaluate whether the ‘prognostic‐efficacy‐combination design’ leads to biased treatment effect estimates and also compare it to alternative designs. If there is a bias, we further want to analyse its magnitude under different parameter settings.MethodsWe perform a systematic Monte Carlo simulation study to investigate among others potential bias, root mean square error and sensitivity, and specificity as well as the total treatment effect estimate in various realistic trial scenarios that mimic and vary the true data characteristics of the published TIM‐HF2 Trial. In particular, we vary the event proportion, the sample size, the biomarker distribution, and the lower bound for the sensitivity.ResultsThe results show that indeed the proposed design leads to some bias in the effect estimators, indicating an overestimation of the effect. However, this bias is relatively small in most scenarios.ConclusionsThe ‘prognostic‐efficacy‐combination design’ can generally be recommended for clinical applications due to its efficiency compared to two separate trials. We recommend a sufficiently large sample size depending on the trial scenario. Our simulation code can be adapted to explore suitable sample sizes for other settings.