bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive fault‐tolerant control for multiple Euler–Lagrange systems considering time delays and output constraints
Authors: Li Xiaojia , Qin Hongde , Li Lingyu , Sun Yanchao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConsidering the existence of communication delays, the adaptive fault‐tolerant control problems for constrained multiple Euler–Lagrange systems are considered in this paper. First, a communication delays observer is utilized to enable all followers can acquire the leader's state information. Second, based on neural network technique, two distributed coordinated control schemes are designed to make every follower can track the leader. Compared with the first control algorithm, the adaptive fault‐tolerant control problem is further considered in the second control algorithm. The proposed algorithm can simultaneously compensate the actuator bias faults and the partial loss of actuation effectiveness faults. At the same time, a tan‐type barrier Lyapunov function is used to constrain the tracking errors of all followers and the leader. Finally, the simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.
Bioconversion of lovastatin to simvastatin by Streptomyces carpaticus toward the inhibition of HMG‐CoA activity
Authors: Balraj Janani , Murugesan Thandeeswaran , Dhanapal Anand Raj , Kalieswaran Vidhya , Jairaman Karunyadevi , Archunan Govindaraju , Jayaraman Angayarkanni 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was the modification of lovastatin by microbes to improve its potential. Actinobacteria exhibit staggering diversity in terms of their biosynthetic capability for specialized metabolites which has been traced back to the presence of specialized gene clusters. The objective of the study is to exploit the potential of Actinobacteria strain(s), which can biotransform lovastatin to simvastatin, which might be a more potent therapeutic agent than lovastatin. We have screened 40 Actinobacteria strains and assessed their biotransformation potential primarily through thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis, followed by high performance thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography analysis. One strain C7 (CTL S12) has been identified as a potential Actinobacteria that favored the simvastatin biotransformation. The morphological and biochemical analysis together with 16S rRNA sequencing coupled with phylogenetic analysis confirmed the ideal strain (C7) as Streptomyces carpaticus. Successively, the purified simvastatin from S. carpaticus was characterized by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), infrared spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and HMG‐CoA assay. In the LC–MS analysis, a peak at 419.24 m/z confirmed the elemental composition of simvastatin (C25H39O5). In HMG‐CoA assay, the IC50 of simvastatin was 50 μg/ml, and the inhibitory potential was 1.36 times higher compared to that of lovastatin. Thus, the biotransformation of simvastatin from lovastatin by S. carpaticus is reported for the first time.
Single‐sex schooling, gender and educational performance: Evidence usingPISAdata
Authors: Clavel Jose G. , Flannery Darragh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe advantages and disadvantages of single‐sex schooling continue to be a source of policy and public debate. Previous empirical evidence is somewhat ambiguous, with some studies finding a positive impact of single‐sex schooling on education achievement and others finding no differences across school types. The relationship between single‐sex schooling on academic outcomes is typically problematic to examine, as in most countries single‐sex schools are selective and the numbers attending them are relatively small. In Ireland, a high proportion of secondary school children (~1/3) attend a single‐sex school. In addition, these schools are largely state‐funded and non‐selective but differing in composition compared to mixed‐sex schools. For this reason, the Irish educational system provides an interesting setting for exploring the outcomes of single‐sex schooling. In this context, this study utilises the 2018 PISA data for Ireland to examine the relationship between single‐sex education and mathematics, reading and science literacy performance for boys and girls, respectively, as well as differences across gender in these outcomes. We find significant raw gaps in reading, science and mathematics scores between females in single‐sex and mixed‐sex schools and in mathematics scores for males across the same school types. However, after controlling for a rich set of individual, parental and school‐level factors we find that, on average, there is no significant difference in performance for girls or boys who attend single‐sex schools compared to their mixed‐school peers in science, mathematics or reading. In terms of heterogeneous analysis, this finding is consistent across the performance distribution.
Pattern of failure and clinical value of local therapy for oligo‐recurrence in locally advanced non‐small cell lung cancer after definitive chemoradiation: Impact of driver mutation status
Authors: Zhang Jinmeng , Mao Jiuang , Xu Dayu , Jiang Shanshan , Guo Tiantian , Zhou Yue , Chu Li , Yang Xi , Chu Xiao , Ni Jianjiao , Zhu Zhengfei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionConsiderable differences of treatment response and pattern of failure may exist between definitive chemoradiation (CRT) treated locally advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (LA‐NSCLC) patients. The clinical value of additional tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) before disease recurrence and salvage local therapy after initial recurrent disease remain controversial.Methods and MaterialsConsecutive LA‐NSCLC patients receiving definitive CRT and having definite results about driver mutations (EGFR, ALK and ROS1) were retrospectively reviewed. Initial recurrent disease was classified as in‐field recurrence, out‐of‐field recurrence and distant metastasis. Recurrent disease occurred only in the brain or limited to ≤3 extra‐cranial organs and ≤5 extra‐cranial lesions, was defined as oligo‐recurrence. Progression free survival and overall survival (OS) were calculated from diagnosis to disease progression or death, and to death, respectively. OS2 was measured from initial disease recurrence to death among patients who had recurrent disease.ResultsOf the 153 enrolled patients, 39 had driver mutations and 13 received additional TKI therapy besides definitive CRT. Patients harboring driver mutations but without additional TKI therapy had a similar PFS and significantly longer OS (p = 0.032) than those without driver mutations. Additional TKI therapy prolonged PFS (p = 0.021) but not OS among patients with driver mutations. No significant difference of pattern of failure was observed between patient subgroups stratified by the status of driver mutations and the usage of additional TKI therapy. Furthermore, 57 of the 95 patients with initial recurrent disease developed oligo‐recurrence and salvage local therapy significantly improved OS2 (p = 0.01) among patients with oligo‐recurrence disease.ConclusionLA‐NSCLC patients receiving definitive CRT generally had similar PFS and pattern of treatment failure, regardless of driver mutation status. Additional TKI therapy besides definitive CRT could prolong PFS but not OS. The majority of recurrent disease after definitive CRT belongs to oligo‐recurrence and salvage local therapy may provide survival benefit.
Poor association between dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) genotype and fluoropyrimidine‐induced toxicity in an Asian population
Authors: Kanai Masashi , Kawaguchi Takahisa , Kotaka Masahito , Manaka Dai , Hasegawa Junichi , Takagane Akinori , Munemoto Yoshinori , Kato Takeshi , Eto Tetsuya , Touyama Tetsuo , Matsui Takanori , Shinozaki Katsunori , Matsumoto Shigemi , Mizushima Tsunekazu , Mori Masaki , Sakamoto Junichi , Ohtsu Atsushi , Yoshino Takayuki , Saji Shigetoyo , Matsuda Fumihiko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveDihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) genotype is closely associated with fluoropyrimidine (FP)‐induced toxicities in Caucasian population and European Medicines Agency now recommends DPYD genotype‐based FP dosing strategy.Patients and MethodsThe current study aimed to investigate their impact on FP‐related toxicities in an Asian population using genome‐wide association study (GWAS) data set from 1364 patients with colon cancer.ResultsAmong 82 variants registered in the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium, 74 DPYD variants were directly genotyped in GWAS cohort; however, only 7 nonsynonymous DPYD variants (CPIC variants) were identified and none of the four recurrent DPYD variants (DPYD*2A, c.2846A>T, c.1679T>G, c.1236G>A) were included. Seven CPIC variants were investigated for their association with the incidence of FP‐related toxicities; however, none of these variants revealed a significant correlation with FP‐related toxicities.ConclusionThese data suggested that the DPYD genotype registered in CPIC plays a minor role in FP‐related toxicities in an Asian population.
Systemic analysis identifying PVT1/DUSP13 axis for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Su Renyi , Zhang Huizhong , Zhang Lincheng , Khan Abdul Rehman , Zhang Xuanyu , Wang Rui , Shao Chuxiao , Wei Xuyong , Xu Xiao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMicrovascular invasion (MVI) is an independent detrimental risk factor for tumor recurrence and poor survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks play a pivotal role in the modulation of carcinogenesis and progression among diverse tumor types. However, whether the ceRNA mechanisms are engaged in promoting the MVI process in patients with HCC remains unknown.MethodsA ceRNA regulatory network was constructed based on RNA‐seq data of patients with HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In total, 10 hub genes of the ceRNA network were identified using four algorithms: “MCC,” “Degree,” “Betweenness,” and “Stress.” Transcriptional expressions were verified by in situ hybridization using clinical samples. Interactions between ceRNA modules were validated by luciferase reporting assay. Logistic regression analysis, correlation analysis, enrichment analysis, promoter region analysis, methylation analysis, and immune infiltration analysis were performed to further investigate the molecular mechanisms and clinical transformation value.ResultsThe ceRNA regulatory network featuring a tumor invasion phenotype consisting of 3 long noncoding RNAs, 3 microRNAs, and 93 mRNAs was constructed using transcriptional data from the TCGA database. Systemic analysis and experimentally validation identified a ceRNA network (PVT1/miR‐1258/DUSP13 axis) characterized by lipid regulatory potential, immune properties, and abnormal methylation states in patients with HCC and MVI. Meanwhile, 28 transcriptional factors were identified as potential promotors of PVT1 with 3 transcriptional factors MXD3, ZNF580, and KDM1A promising as therapeutic targets in patients with HCC and MVI. Furthermore, miR‐1258 was an independent predictor for MVI in patients with HCC.ConclusionThe PVT1/DUSP13 axis is significantly associated with MVI progression in HCC patients. This study provides new insight into mechanisms related to lipids, immune phenotypes, and abnormal epigenetics in oncology research.
Novel malformations: Chiari type 1 and hydrocephalus in Zhu‐Tokita‐Takenouchi‐Kim syndrome and novel SON variants
Authors: Pavone Piero , Saia Federica , Pappalardo Xena , Barbagallo Massimo , Prato Adriana , Rizzo Renata 
Published: December 2022

AbstractZhu‐Tokita‐Tachenouchi‐Kim syndrome (ZTTK) is a recently recognized malformation syndrome presenting with craniofacial dysmorphism, developmental delay/intellectual disability, seizures, anomalies involving brain white matter, and other body‐organs. In humans, the disorder is linked to the loss‐of‐function variants in the SON gene (MIM# 617140). Herewith, a new case of this syndrome is reported in a 2‐year‐old Caucasian child who presented the classical clinical features of the ZTTK syndrome in association with hydrocephalus and Chiari malformations type 1 an anomaly previously unreported. Exome analysis showed a de novo heterozygous variant in SON gene. Literature review of similar cases is reported.
Strongyloides stercoralis: Uncommon yet not to be missed cause of eosinophilia
Authors: Boccucci Jacob M. , Cronley Apryl , Walsh David W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStrongyloides stercoralis is a soil‐transmitted nematode that is estimated to infect millions of people per year worldwide. However, cases are less commonly seen in the United States. This report highlights the importance of when to include Strongyloides stercoralis in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting eosinophilia within the United States.
Comparative Analysis of Catalytic Cracking and Hydrocracking of Waste Plastic
Authors: Iqbal Faiza , Shafeeq Amir , Aslam Rabya , Rauf Abdul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWaste materials from various processes comprising of polyethylene and polystyrene were analyzed for the production of fuel using catalytic cracking and hydrocracking in an autoclave reactor. The composite catalyst USY/SBA‐16 was synthesized in the lab to be employed in the catalytic process because of its outstanding stability and regenerative capability. Each of the two processes produced a fuel with different quality and quantity. Catalytic cracking and hydrocracking of polystyrene and polyethylene were investigated at different temperatures by varying the percentage amount of catalyst and it was found that polystyrene yielded a fuel of better quality as compared to polyethylene.
Macrophytes’ Performance in Floating Treatment Wetlands for the Remediation of Ciprofloxacin‐Contaminated Water
Authors: Shah Syed Wajid Ali , Rehman Mujaddad ur , Anwar Samina , Hayat Azam , Shabir Ghulam , Tahseen Razia , Rahman Moazur , Islam Ejazul , Iqbal Samina , Afzal Muhammad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe presence of trace antibiotics in domestic and industrial effluents poses a risk of toxicity to fauna and flora. The application of floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) is a low‐cost and sustainable approach to remediate wastewater. In this study, the performance of different macrophytes vegetated in FTWs for the remediation of ciprofloxacin (CIP)‐contaminated water is investigated. Six macrophytes, Brachia mutica, Typha domingensis, Phragmites australis, Canna indica, Cyperus laevigatus, and Leptochloa fusca, are vegetated in FTWs for the removal of CIP (50 mg L−1) from water. The FTWs show the potential to remove 30–43.58 mg L−1 CIP from water in 28 days. They also reduce the chemical oxygen demand (118–138 mg L−1) and biochemical oxygen demand (35–45 mg L−1) of water. Among the macrophytes, C. indica removes maximum (43.58 mg L−1) and T. domingensis minimum (30 mg L−1) CIP. Canna indica and T. domingensis exhibit the maximum and minimum increase (30% and 12% of dry biomass) in growth, respectively. This study reveals that the FTWs vegetated with different plant species exhibit varying performances in removing CIP from water. This investigation is a step forward toward sustainable bioremediation of water contaminated with antibiotics.
Application of deep learning as an ancillary diagnostic tool for thyroid FNA cytology
Authors: Hirokawa Mitsuyoshi , Niioka Hirohiko , Suzuki Ayana , Abe Masatoshi , Arai Yusuke , Nagahara Hajime , Miyauchi Akira , Akamizu Takashi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have used artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze cytology images, but AI has yet to be adopted in clinical practice. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the accuracy of AI‐based image analysis for thyroid fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and to propose its application in clinical practice.MethodsIn total, 148,395 microscopic images of FNAC were obtained from 393 thyroid nodules to train and validate the data, and EfficientNetV2‐L was used as the image‐classification model. The 35 nodules that were classified as atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) were predicted using AI training.ResultsThe precision‐recall area under the curve (PR AUC) was >0.95, except for poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PR AUC = 0.49) and medullary thyroid carcinoma (PR AUC = 0.91). Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma had the lowest recall (35.4%) and was difficult to distinguish from papillary thyroid carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and follicular thyroid carcinoma. Follicular adenomas and follicular thyroid carcinomas were distinguished from each other by 86.7% and 93.9% recall, respectively. For two‐dimensional mapping of the data using t‐distributed stochastic neighbor embedding, the lymphomas, follicular adenomas, and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas were divided into three, two, and two groups, respectively. Analysis of the AUS nodules showed 94.7% sensitivity, 14.4% specificity, 56.3% positive predictive value, and 66.7% negative predictive value.ConclusionsThe authors developed an AI‐based approach to analyze thyroid FNAC cases encountered in routine practice. This analysis could be useful for the clinical management of AUS and follicular neoplasm nodules (e.g., an online AI platform for thyroid cytology consultations).
Energy‐efficient multiple cooperative moving relay selection for heterogeneous nonorthogonal‐multiple access systems
Authors: Khan Mohd Javed , Chauhan Ram Chandra Singh , Singh Indrasen 
Published: December 2022

SummaryIn a high‐speed vehicular scenario, due to vehicle penetration loss (VPL) and fast signal fluctuations, frequent handovers occur, which results in more battery consumption. So power saving is a critical concern in high‐speed wireless networks. In the past, moving relay (MR)‐based heterogeneous network (HetNet) models were proposed and studied to overcome the effect of VPL, but the issue of power saving has not been studied till now for vehicular HetNet. In this paper, we propose an energy‐efficient algorithm that selects the best number of cooperative MRs among multiple MRs installed on the top of the train for efficient utilization of transmission power in a NOMA‐based wireless network. A half‐duplex amplify‐and‐forward relaying protocol is used for the investigation. We define the optimization problem of energy efficiency for cooperative MR. The problem of energy maximization is stated as an optimization problem, and an energy‐efficient MR selection algorithm is proposed as the solution to the optimization problem. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm enhances the energy efficiency of vehicular and nonvehicular users and it also decreases the outage probability at fixed spectral efficiency in comparison with the fixed MR‐based selection combining and maximum ratio combining diversity techniques. This result will be beneficial in vehicular communication to achieve maximum energy efficiency.
The history of calcite diagenesis and origin of exceptionally negative oxygen isotope values in chalks of the Niobrara Formation, Denver Basin, USA
Authors: Simon Rebekah E. , Budd David A. , Snell Kathryn E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Niobrara Formation of north‐east Colorado, USA, has anomalously negative δ18O values compared to all other Cretaceous chalks. These unique δ18O values have been attributed to elevated heat flow and/or freshening of the Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway. This work utilises clumped isotopes of calcite (Δ47), peak burial temperatures estimated from pyrolysis data, and strontium and neodymium isotopes of carbonate to re‐evaluate the origin of the calcite's18O‐depletion. Peak temperatures indicate lateral variability in geothermal gradients ofca20°C/km at the tens of kilometre scale, and corroborate prior studies proposing locally elevated palaeotemperatures. Greater insight is provided by numerical models of calcite recrystallisation and oxygen isotope evolution that are constrained by measured Δ47‐derived temperatures, calcite δ18O values and inferences from the87Sr/86Sr and εNd values. The models indicate that (1) sea water in the seaway had normal marine δ18O values of −1 (VSMOW) except on the eastern margin of the basin where some freshwater dilution yielded −2 to −3‰ (VSMOW) water, and (2) the main driver of the anonymously negative calcite δ18O values was a semi‐open hydrologic system that provided a few percent by pore volume of meteoric groundwater derived from post‐Laramide recharge into the basin. Minor contributions were a Laramide‐aged heat pulse related to the underlying Colorado Mineral Belt, the thermal insulating effects of now eroded coals, and a small flux of compaction‐driven Cretaceous sea water evolved by smectite dehydration. However, those three factors alone were insufficient drivers of the calcites'18O depletion. High burial temperatures are interpreted to have caused clumped isotope reordering in at least one well, but those temperatures cannot yield the observed calcite δ18O values. The study illustrates the unique attributes of the Niobrara's diagenetic system that results in its anomalous δ18O values, and reaffirms the value of clumped isotopes in unravelling the diagenetic history of chalk systems.
Genomic divergence between two sister Ostrya species through linked selection and recombination
Authors: Zhang Jin , Zhang Shangzhe , Zheng Zeyu , Lu Zhiqiang , Yang Yongzhi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStudying the evolution of genomic divergence between lineages is a topical issue in evolutionary biology. However, the evolutionary forces that shape the heterogeneous divergence of the genomic landscape are still poorly understood. Here, two wind‐pollinated sister‐species (Ostrya japonica and O. chinensis) are used to explore what these potential forces might be. A total of 40 individuals from 16 populations across their main distribution areas in China were sampled for genome‐wide resequencing. Population demography analyses revealed that these two sister‐species diverged at 3.06–4.43 Mya. Both population contraction and increased gene flow were detected during glacial periods, suggesting secondary contact at those times. All three parameters (DXY, π, and ρ) decreased in those regions showing high levels of differentiation (FST). These findings indicate that linked selection and recombination played a key role in the genomic heterogeneous differentiation between the two Ostrya species. Genotype–environment association analyses showed that precipitation was the most important ecological factor for speciation. Such environmentally related genes and positive selection genes may have contributed to local adaptation and the maintenance of species boundaries.