bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deformation Mechanism of the Zhoujiashan Landslide Under the Combined Effect of Rainfall and Earthquakes in Tianshui, Northwestern China
Authors: REN Jian , SUN Ping , LI Rongjian , WANG Haojie , ZHANG Shuai , ZHANG Jing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Tianshui is located in a geomorphologic transitional zone with well-developed tectonics. Two historical earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 7.0 have occurred in Tianshui and its surrounding areas. The strata consist of primarily loess and mudstone, and geological disasters frequently occur. The Zhoujiashan landslide is a historical earthquake landslide that is currently relatively stable. To study its deformation and stability under the combined effect of rainfall and earthquake motion, the landslide was analyzed via field investigations, shaking table tests, and numerical calculations. The fastest responses were those of the pore water pressure and volume water content in the 0.3-m-depth range under rainfall conditions. The rainfall infiltration depth is limited to approximately 2 m and has a minimal impact on the overall stability of the slope. The response to earthquake accelerations increases with increasing elevation, and earthquakes have a significant amplification effect on structures with an inherent period of 0.2–0.4 s. Under 0.1-g and 0.3-g earthquake conditions, the slope deforms and the safety factor decreases but the landslide does not suffer overall failure. Under the 0.6-g earthquake condition, the slope liquefies, leading to the overall failure of the slope. The location of the liquefaction zone in the numerical calculation is in agreement with the actual situation. Under the 0.6-g earthquake condition, the overall failure mechanism of the slope is vibration liquefaction at the sliding surface.
Pregnancy outcome and risk of recurrence after tissue-preserving LOOP Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP)
Authors: Alena Jule , Mondal Anne , Lieb Lenard , Fehm Tanja Natscha , Hampl Monika 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background/Purpose: This study aims to investigate whether women with cervical dysplasia after LEEP have an increased risk of pregnancy/childbirth complications or recurrence of dysplasia in an upcoming pregnancy. Methods: Data from 240 women after LEEP were analysed retrospectively. The reference group consisted of 956 singleton births. Fisher and Wilcoxon rank tests were used to detect differences between groups. Using logistic regressions, we analysed the effect of surgery specific aspects of LEEP on pregnancy/childbirth complications and the frequency of CIN recurrences. Results: We found that tissue preserving LEEP did not lead to premature birth or miscarriage and did not increase the likelihood of CIN recurrence. We did not observe differences regarding preterm birth (< 37 (p < 0.28) < 34 (p < 0.31), < 32 weeks of gestation (p < 0.11)) or birth weight (< 2500g (p < 0.54), < 2000g (p < 0.77) between groups. However, women after LEEP exhibit a higher risk of premature rupture of membranes 2 (PROM) at term (p < 0.009) and vaginal infections (p < 0.06). Neither volume nor depth of the removed tissue nor an additional endocervical resection seem to influence the likelihood of premature birth or early miscarriage. Performing an endocervical resection protects against CIN recurrence (OR = 0.0881, p < 0.003). Conclusions: After tissue-preserving LEEP, there is an increased risk of vaginal infections and PROM at term in consecutive pregnancy. LEEP does not affect prematurity or miscarriage. The removal of additional endocervical tissue appears to be a protective factor against recurrence of CIN.
Factors Associated with EMS On-Scene Time and Its Regional Difference in Road Traffic Injuries: A Population-based Observational Study
Authors: Ito Shingo , Asai Hideki , Kawai Yasuyuki , Suto Shunji , Ohta Sachiko , Fukushima Hidetada 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The outcome of road traffic injury (RTI) is determined by duration of prehospital time, patient’s demographics, and the type of injury and its mechanism. During the emergency medical service (EMS) prehospital time interval, on-scene time should be minimized for early treatment. This study aimed to examine the factors influencing on-scene EMS time among RTI patients.
Methods
We evaluated 19,141 cases of traffic trauma recorded between April 2014 and March 2020 in the EMS database of the Nara Wide Area Fire Department and the prehospital database of the emergency Medical Alliance for Total Coordination of Healthcare (e-MATCH). To examine the asociation of the number of EMS phone calls until hospital acceptance, age ≥ 65 years, high-risk injury, vital signs, holiday, and nighttime (0:00–8:00) with on-scene time, a generalized linear mixed model with random effects for four study regions was condcuted.
Results
EMS phone calls were the biggest factor, accounting for 5.69 minutes per call, and high-risk injury accounted for an additional 2.78 minutes. Holiday, nighttime, and age ≥ 65 years were also associated with increased on-scene time, but there were no significant vital sign variables for on-scene time except for level of consciousness. Regional differences were also noted based on random effects, with a maximum difference of 2 minutes among regions.
Conclusions
The number of EMS phone calls until hospital acceptance was the most significant influencing factor in reducing on-scene time, and high-risk injury accounted for up to an additional 2.78 minutes. Considering these factors, including regional differences, can help improve the regional EMS policies and outcomes of RTI patients.
Live imaging of delamination in Drosophila shows epithelial cell motility and invasiveness are independently regulated
Authors: Inaki Mikiko , Matsuno Kenji 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Delaminating cells undergo complex, precisely regulated changes in cell-cell adhesion, motility, polarity, invasiveness, and other cellular properties. Delamination occurs during development and in pathogenic conditions such as cancer metastasis. We analyzed the requirements for epithelial delamination in Drosophila ovary border cells, which detach from the structured epithelial layer and begin to migrate collectively. We used live imaging to examine cellular dynamics, particularly epithelial cells’ acquisition of motility and invasiveness, in delamination-defective mutants during the time period in which delamination occurs in the wild-type ovary. We found that border cells in slow border cells (slbo), a delamination-defective mutant, lacked invasive cellular protrusions but acquired motility, while JAK/STAT-inhibited border cells lost both invasiveness and motility. Our results indicate that invasiveness and motility, which are cooperatively required for delamination, are regulated independently. Our reconstruction experiments also showed that motility is not a prerequisite for acquiring invasiveness.
Physics-informed machine learning with differentiable programming for heterogeneous underground reservoir pressure management
Authors: Pachalieva Aleksandra , O'Malley Daniel , Harp Dylan Robert , Viswanathan Hari 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Avoiding over-pressurization in subsurface reservoirs is critical for applications like CO2 sequestration and wastewater injection. Managing the pressures by controlling injection/extraction are challenging because of complex heterogeneity in the subsurface. The heterogeneity typically requires high-fidelity physics-based models to make predictions on CO2 fate. Furthermore, characterizing the heterogeneity accurately is fraught with parametric uncertainty. Accounting for both, heterogeneity and uncertainty, makes this a computationally-intensive problem challenging for current reservoir simulators. To tackle this, we use differentiable programming with a full-physics model and machine learning to determine the fluid extraction rates that prevent over-pressurization at critical reservoir locations. We use DPFEHM framework, which has trustworthy physics based on the standard two-point flux finite volume discretization and is also automatically differentiable like machine learning models. Our physics-informed machine learning framework uses convolutional neural networks to learn an appropriate extraction rate based on the permeability field. We also perform a hyperparameter search to improve the model’s accuracy. Training and testing scenarios are executed to evaluate the feasibility of using physics-informed machine learning to manage reservoir pressures. We constructed and tested a sufficiently accurate simulator that is 400 000 times faster than the underlying physics-based simulator, allowing for near real-time analysis and robust uncertainty quantification.
Basic fibroblast growth factor opens and closes the endothelial blood-brain barrier in a concentration-dependent manner
Authors: Kriaučiūnaitė Karolina , Pociūtė Agnė , Kaušylė Aida , Verkhratsky Alexei , Pivoriūnas Augustas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Multiple paracrine factors have been implicated in the regulation of barrier properties of human brain endothelial cells (BECs) in different physiologic and pathologic settings. We have recently demonstrated that autocrine secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) by BECs is necessary for the establishment of endothelial barrier (as demonstrated by high trans-endothelial electric resistance, TEER), whereas exogenous bFGF inhibits TEER in a concentration-dependent manner. In the present study we analysed the contribution of MAPK/ERK and STAT3 signalling pathways to the inhibitory effects of exogenous bFGF. Treatment with bFGF (8 ng/ml) for 3 days increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and STAT3. Treatment with FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) inhibitor PD173074 (15 µM) suppressed both basal and bFGF-induced activation of ERK1/2 and STAT3. Suppression of STAT signalling with Janus kinase inhibitor JAKi (15 nM) alone or in the presence of bFGF did not change TEER in BEC monolayers. Exposure to JAKi affected neither proliferation, nor expression and distribution of tight junction (TJ) proteins claudin-5, occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). In contrast, treatment with MEK 1/2 inhibitor U0126 (10 µM) partially neutralized inhibitory effect of bFGF thus increasing TEER, whereas U0126 alone did not affect resistance of endothelial barrier. Our findings demonstrate that MAPK/ERK signalling pathway does not affect autocrine bFGF signalling-dependent BECs barrier function but is largely responsible for the disruptive effects of the exogenous bFGF. We speculate that bFGF may (depending on concentration and possibly origin) dynamically regulate permeability of the endothelial blood-brain barrier.
Frequency of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms in the UAE population and their associations with 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels, obesity, diabetes and hypertension
Authors: Gariballa Salah , Al-Bluwi Ghada S. M. , Yasin Javed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Although vitamin D levels and underlying vitamin D receptor (VDR) genetic polymorphisms have been linked to many common diseases including obesity, the association remains unclear. We aimed to determine the genotypes & allele percentage frequency distribution of four polymorphisms FokI, BsmI, ApaI and TaqI in the VDR gene in healthy Emirati individuals and their association with vitamin D levels and chronic conditions including diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity Methods: 277 participants who were part of a randomized controlled trial had their assessment that included clinical and anthropometric data. Whole blood samples were taken for measurements of vitamin D [25(OH) D], four vitamin D receptors gene polymorphism SNPs including BsmI, FokI, TaqI and ApaI, metabolic and inflammatory markers and related biochemical variables. Multiple logistic regression analysis used to assess the influence of vitamin D receptors gene SNPs on vitamin D status after adjusting for clinical parameters known to influence vitamin status in the study population. Results: Overall, 277 participants with a mean (±SD) age of 41±12 and 204 (74%) female were included in the study. There were statistically significant differences in vitamin concentrations between different genotypes of the 4 VDR gene polymorphisms (p<0.05). There were however no statistically significant differences in vitamin concentrations between subjects with and those without the 4 VDR gene polymorphisms genotype and alleles except for AA and AG and allele G in Apal SNP (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed no significant independent associations between vitamin D status and the 4 VDR gene polymorphisms after adjusting for dietary intakes, physical activity, sun exposure, smoking and body mass index. In addition, no significant differences found in the frequency of the genotypes & alleles of the 4 VDR genes among patients with obesity, diabetes and hypertension compared to those without these medical conditions. Conclusion: Although we found statistically significant differences in vitamin concentrations between different genotypes of the 4 VDR gene polymorphisms, however multivariate analysis revealed no association after adjusting for clinical parameters known to influence vitamin D status. Furthermore, no association found between obesity and related pathologies and the 4 VDR gene polymorphisms.
Benefits from GnRHa therapy in boys with idiopathic central precocious puberty when initiating treatment after age 9 years: findings from a real-world retrospective study
Authors: Ni Ming-ming , Yang Shu-ting , Wu Wen-wen , Wang Shan-shan , Li Man , Liu Qing-qing , Ji Xing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: GnRHa treatment was established for improving final adult height (FAH) in children presenting with Idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) up to age 8, while several controversies remained for older age groups. The primary objective was to evaluate whether boys diagnosed with ICPP over 9 years of chronological age (CA) could achieve a height benefit from GnRHa treatment.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 23 boys treated for idiopathic central precocious puberty between January 2018 and January 2021 at Jiangsu Children's Medical Center. All patients started treatment with intramuscular depot GnRHa at a dose of 80-100 μg/kg, followed by continuous intramuscular injection every 28 days at a dose of 60-80 μg/kg. The hormonal parameters, bone age/chronological age ratio, FAH, growth velocity (GV), tanner staging and body mass index (BMI) were assessed during the treatment period.Results: After one course of treatment (3 months), the basal FSH and testosterone levels were reduced, while the basal LH value was not significantly changed compared with those before treatment. Furthermore, the mean BA/CA ratio reduction was statistically significant at month 12. The mean PAH following administration of GnRHa after 12 months was statistically improved compared with those at baseline. In addition, the clinical sign of puberty and GV were significantly improved and the BMI remained unchanged as desired at month 12.Conclusions: This analysis highlighted the positive outcome on the decrease in the rate of bone maturation, with a favorable effect on progression of clinical signs of puberty. Furthermore, our study confirmed improved PAH even in the older children at onset of treatment (ages 9-10), emphasizing the importance of personalized treatment in such population.
Common Temporary Restorations and Spacers among Endodontists in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: ALNASSAR FAISAL 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Coronal leakage is the most common reason for root canal treatment failure. Temporary restorations are necessary for preventing both short- and long-term coronal leakage during and after treatment completion. This study aimed to determine the most commonly used temporary restoration during and post endodontic treatment and the frequency of spacer use.
Methods
A total of 450 online questionnaires comprising 15 questions (4 demographic questions and 11 questions related to the objective of the study) were sent to endodontists in Saudi Arabia via WhatsApp and Twitter. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 when assessed using a chi-square test.
Results
A total of 370 (82.22%) participants completed the survey; 56.2% of the endodontists placed cotton pellets between visits but not after obturation (P = 0.001). Most endodontists (65.9%; P = 0.001) adopted cotton pellet placement following obturation for easy removal and ease in locating the pulp chamber prior to the final restoration; 66% of the endodontists did not prefer spacer placement beneath the temporary restoration following obturation (P = 0.001). A total of 68.45% of the dentists, restorative dentists, and prosthodontists preferred the placement of the cotton pellet by endodontists in the pulp chamber (between the gutta-percha and the temporary restoration; P = 0.001). Glass ionomer cement was the most common temporary restorative material used. Double sealing was employed in the anterior (4%) and posterior teeth (66%) (P = 0.001).
Conclusions
Double sealing with Cavit and glass ionomer cement is the most commonly used technique for access cavity restoration following obturation.
Ultrasensitive E-Shaped Metamaterial Terahertz Biomedical Sensor
Authors: Sallam Mai O. , Ismail Tawfik , El-Batawy Yasser M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper develops and evaluates a new topology of a planar metamaterial terahertz sensor. The sensor is constructed by overlapping two E-shaped gold patches placed on top of a grounded dielectric substrate. The absorption spectrum includes peak resonances as a result of the electric field being contained within the gaps between the metallic arms. Two geometrical configurations of the proposed structure are presented and compared. The first configuration realizes a perfect overlap between the horizontal arms of the two E-patches. Almost absorption of (98%) occurs at 5.74 THz with an average sensitivity of 2.8 THz/RIU and a quality factor of 11.39, when the analyte refractive index is varied in the range between n = 1 to n = 1.4. The overlapping distance between the metallic arms is minimized for the second configuration. Therefore, the electric field is more localized within the small gap created between the overlapped arms of the two E-patches. The absorption, sensitivity, and quality factor of the modified structure are 96%, 2.7 THz/RIU, and 27, respectively. The new structure has a notable enhancement in the quality factor while the absorption level and the sensitivity are barely affected.
Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside inhibits ovarian cancer by modulating FOXO3a to regulate integrin beta 1 and p-STAT3/Bcl-2
Authors: Liu Yi , Cheng Jun , Dai Quanwu , Zeng Gege , He Jiawei , Huang Zhenyang , Li Jing , Wang DongHua , Gong Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Although ovarian cancer has long been recognized as a serious threat to women's health worldwide, major questions remain about effective treatment. Plants are considered as a huge resource for searching anti-cancer compounds. In previous studies, the plant-derived agent kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (KR) was shown to have anti-tumor effects on lung cancer, colon cancer, and malignant melanoma. However, its mechanism of action is not well understood. Here, we demonstrated that KR inhibited expression of integrin beta 1 and suppressed the motility and adhesion ability of ovarian cancer cells. Anoikis resistance of ovarian cancer cells was inhibited by KR through suppression of the p-STAT3/Bcl-2 axis. KR also increased the expression of FOXO3a. And inhibition of FOXO3a abrogated the effect of KR on integrin beta 1 and the p-STAT3/Bcl-2 axis in ovarian cancer. In addition, KR did not affect normal cells, even at high concentrations. These results revealed that activation of FOXO3a is a good target for ovarian cancer therapy, and that KR is a potential candidate compound for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Physiological Linkage of Thyroid and Pituitary Sensitivities
Authors: Fitzgerald Stephen paul , Bean Nigel G , Falhammar Henrik , Hoermann Rudolf 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The sensitivities of the pituitary to thyroxine feedback, and the thyroid to thyrotropin stimulation determine the free thyroxine /thyrotropin feedback loop and can be described mathematically by two curves. It is not well understood how the two curves combine in a healthy population with normal thyroid function to express the individual balance points that are observed. This study was directed at this issue testing the possibilities of random combination and directed linkage between the two curves.
Methods
We reverse-engineered two sets of population data, on the assumption of independent combinations of thyroid and pituitary sensitivities, to obtain estimates of the curve describing thyroid sensitivity. Sensitivity studies were performed.
Results
No analysis resulted in a physiologically feasible estimate of the curve describing thyroid sensitivity. There was evidence of linkage of the two curves in terms of their combination throughout the normal range. Thyroid response curves reflecting a low free thyroxine response to thyrotropin tended to be combined in individuals with thyrotropin curves reflecting a high thyrotropin response to free thyroxine, and vice versa.
Conclusions
Thyroid and pituitary sensitivities are linked, being combined in individuals in a non-random directed pattern. Direct mutual interaction may contribute to this linkage. This linkage precludes the derivation of the curves describing these sensitivities from population data of the free thyroxine and thyrotropin relationship and complicates their derivation by physiological experimentation. This linkage and probable interaction may also bestow evolutionary advantage by minimising inter-individual variation in free thyroxine levels and by augmenting homeostasis.
Association of plant-based diet and chronic kidney disease in Iranian Kurdish population: The RaNCD Cohort Study
Authors: Moloudpour Behrooz , Jam Samira Arbabi , Darbandi Mitra , Janati Ali , Gholizadeh Masoumeh , Najafi Farid , Pasdar Yahya 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Plant-based diet has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, this hypothesis is raised that following a plant-based diet may improve the functioning of the kidneys. The aim of study was to determine the association between plant-based diet index (PDI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCD) cohort study on 9,746 participants aged 35-65 years, in western Iran. CKD was assessed by glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation. The PDI was calculated based on food intake using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and The food items were distributed into 18 food groups. We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate odds ratio (ORs).Results: 1,058 (10.86%) of participants had CKD (eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73 m2), and the mean of PDI was 54.22± 6.68. The mean of eGFR in the group with high PDI score was significantly higher than the group with low PDI score (forth quartile: 79.20± 0.36 vs. first quartile: 72.95± 0.31, P<0.001). Adherence to a plant-based diet was more prevalent in the higher socioeconomic status (P<0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds of CKD in the third and fourth quartile of PDI was 25% (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.62- 0.91) and 39% (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.48- 0.78, P trend<0.001) lower than the first quartile, respectively.Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that having a plant-based diet may be preventing the development of CDK. However, further studies are recommended.