bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide‐glycoprotein promotes osteogenesis in hPDLSCs via ERK activation
Authors: Lai Shuang , Liu Chang , Liu Cong , Fan Liyuan , Li Xinlun , Yang Yiling , Zhu Yushu , Deng Li , Xiao Li , Mu Yandong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveA lack of relevant research on Lycium barbarum polysaccharide‐glycoprotein (LBP) application in oral diseases. Here, we focused on the effect of LBP on osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and periodontitis bone loss.MethodsHuman periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) were isolated and identified by flow cytometry. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red staining, and combined qPCR and Western blot analyses were performed to elucidate the effects of LBP on the osteogenic potential of hPDLSCs. In vivo experiments were performed with the treatment of LBP in rat periodontal model. MicroCT scanning and histological analysis were conducted to evaluate osteogenesis in situ.ResultsHuman periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) were successfully isolated and identified with CD90, CD29, and CD45. LBP enhanced hPDLSCs proliferation and migration and promoted RUNX2, ALP, Collagen I, and Osteocalcin expression through activating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in vitro. The inflammatory factors, including interleukin 6 (IL‐6) and interleukin 8 (IL‐8) were reduced after LBP treatment. Alveolar bone resorption was significantly decreased in the LBP‐treated groups in vivo, and osteoclast was markedly decreased by LBP application.ConclusionLBP promoted hPDLSC osteogenesis by targeting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and reverse bone loss by reducing inflammation. These findings provided latent hope for LBP application in periodontal therapy.
Preoperative Cervical Cobb Angle Is a Risk Factor for Postoperative Axial Neck Pain after Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion with Zero‐Profile Interbody
Authors: Cao Yuan , Xu Chen , Sun Baifeng , Cui Chen , Zhang Ke , Wu Huiqiao , Qi Min , Xi Yongming , Yuan Wen , Shen Xiaolong , Liu Yang 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesAnterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with zero‐profile interbody has a lower incidence of complications in treating cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). However, postoperative axial neck pain is still commonly occurred, and the factors affecting which is not known. Here, we retrospectively analyze the risk factors for postoperative axial pain after performing ACDF with zero‐profile implant in single‐level CSM.MethodsPatients who suffered from single‐level CSM and who received ACDF with zero‐profile implant between 2018 January to 2020 December were reviewed. Of 180 single‐level CSM patients, 144 patients who passed the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of postoperative axial pain as measured by postoperative neck visual analogue scale (nVAS). Clinical parameters including age, sex, smoking history, symptom duration, body mass index (BMI), the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, as well as radiological parameters were obtained pre‐ and post‐operatively, and the data were compared between two groups. Pearson's chi‐square tests and Mann–Whitney U tests were implemented to identify statistically significant differences between subgroups for categorical and continuous data, respectively; otherwise, the data were tested with Student's t‐test. Risk factors were identified using logistic regression.ResultsOf the patients (97.8%) achieved satisfied neurological recovery, and 88.2% of the patients achieved fusion at 1‐year follow‐up. 33% of the patients (48 patients out of 144) had sustained postoperative axial pain after the surgery. Comparison of different severity groups exhibited no significant differences in terms of the possible risk factors (P > 0.05) except for pre‐ and post‐operative C2–C7 Cobb angles (6.33 ± 6.53 vs. 11.88 ± 7.41, P < 0.05; 13.49 ± 5.31 vs 16.64 ± 7.34, P < 0.05). Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that the preoperative C2–C7 Cobb angle is significantly correlated with the severity of the postoperative axial pain (R2 = 0.83, P < 0.01). In addition, logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the preoperative C2–C7 Cobb angle is an independent predictor of postoperative axial pain (P < 0.01, OR = 0.53). Further receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis displayed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78 (P < 0.01) for preoperative C2–C7 Cobb angle, and the optimal cutoff was 8.4° (sensitivity 0.77, specificity 0.65).ConclusionThe pre‐operative C2–C7 Cobb angle is a risk factor for severe postoperative axial pain after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with zero‐profile interbody, and we should be cautious when poor preoperative C2–C7 Cobb angle is found in myelopathy patients planning to use zero‐profile interbody to treat such patients.
Utilizing nasal‐tragus length to estimate optimal endotracheal tube depth in neonates: A prospective randomized control study
Authors: Thazhe Veettil Anjusha , Bamba Charu , Chugh Vanya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDetermination of the optimal depth of endotracheal tube insertion in neonates is challenging. Various formulae have been proposed and are being commonly used for this purpose. There is no single formula that is ideal or can be applied across different populations.AimTo compare weight and nasal‐tragus length‐based formulae as a guide to endotracheal tube insertion depth in term neonates undergoing surgery.Ther primary objective of the study was to determine the position of the endotracheal tube using either weight‐based or nasal‐tragus length‐based formulae and the secondary objective was to determine the incidence of repositioning of the endotracheal tube.MethodsA total of 120 full term neonates were divided into two groups with 60 neonates each (group N = NTL + 1 cm and group W = Weight + 6 cm). Endotracheal tube was inserted according to the pre‐calculated value and fixed. A neonatal flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope was used to confirm the position of the endotracheal tube tip by measuring its distance from the carina. Repositioning was done if the distance from carina to endotracheal tube tip was less than 20 mm. Chi‐squared and Mann–Whitney tests were used for the analysis.ResultsThe mean distance measured from carina to endotracheal tube tip in group N was 9.41 ± 6.65 mm and in group W was 3.21 ± 3.45 mm (p value = <.001). A higher incidence of optimal endotracheal tube placement was observed in group N which led to repositioning in 88.3% of neonates in group N and 100% in the group W (53/60 and 60/60, respectively, p value < .05).ConclusionBased on the results from the studied sample, NTL +1 cm formula is a better predictor than Weight + 6 cm formula to determine endotracheal tube insertion depth in term Indian neonates.
The effect domains, measures, and methods reported in pediatric‐specialized multidisciplinary outpatient rehabilitation programs: An integrated review
Authors: Hurtubise Karen , Brousselle Astrid , Noel Melanie , Caldwell Kathleen , Rayner Laura , Dawson Matthew , Rasic Nivez , Camden Chantal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesSpecialized pain rehabilitation is recognized as the treatment of choice for youth with pain‐related disability. Appropriate outcomes for program evaluation are critical. This study aimed to summarize the effect domains and methods used to evaluate pediatric‐specialized outpatient pain rehabilition programs, map them to the PedIMMPACT statement, and highlight future directions.MethodsAn integrated review framework, incorporating stakeholders, was used. Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar were searched for studies published in 1999–2021 featuring the treatment effects of specialized outpatient pain rehabilitation on youth with pain‐related disability and their parents. Selected studies were critically appraised using the Quality Assessment Tool for Studies of Diverse Design, organized by study characteristics, and analyzed using constant comparison.ResultsFrom the 1951 potentially relevant titles, 37 studies were selected. Twenty‐five effects targeted youth and 24 focused on parents, with a maximum of 15 youth and 11 parent effect domains (median = 5 domains per study). Although most studies measured a combination of effect domains and were inclusive of some recommended in the PedIMMPACT statement, no effect was measured consistently across studies. Youth physical functioning and parent emotional functioning were measured most often. Eighty‐five instruments were used to assess youth outcomes and 59 for parents, with self‐report questionnaires dominating.DiscussionA lack of standardization exists associated with the domains and methods used to evaluate the effects of pediatric‐specialized outpatient pain rehabilitation programs, hindering comparisons. Future program evaluations should be founded on their theory, aim, and anticipated outcomes.
Metabolome and transcriptome analysis of terpene synthase genes and their putative role in floral aroma production in Litchi chinensis
Authors: Abbas Farhat , Guo Shaoying , Zhou Yiwei , Wu Jing , Amanullah Sikandar , Wang Hui‐Cong , Shen Jiyuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are essential traits of flowers since they attract pollinators, aid in seed distribution, protect the plant from internal and external stimuli, and are involved in plant–plant and plant–environment interactions. Apart from their role in plants, VOCs are used in pharmaceuticals, fragrances, cosmetics, and flavorings. Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a popular fruit due to its enticing red appearance, exotic taste, and high nutritional qualities. Litchi flowers bloom as inflorescences primarily on the shoot terminals. There are three distinct flower types, two male and one female, all of which are produced on the same panicle and rely on insect pollination. Herein, we used a comprehensive metabolomic approach to examine the volatile profile of litchi fruit (green pericarp, yellow pericarp, and red pericarp) as well as male and female flowers (bud stage, half open and full bloom). From a quantitative examination of the volatiles in L. chinensis, a total of 19, 22, and 21 VOCs were discovered from female flowers, male flowers, and fruits, with the majority of them belonging to sesquiterpenes. Multivariate analysis revealed that the volatile profiles of fruits differ from those of male and female flowers. Three VOCs were unique to male flowers and ten to the fruit, while eight VOCs were shared by both male and female flowers and eleven by both male and female flowers and the fruit. Furthermore, for the first time, we identified and comprehensively studied the TERPENE SYNTHASE genes (TPS) using the litchi genome and transcriptome database, which revealed 38 TPS genes unevenly distributed across the 15 chromosomes. A phylogenetic study showed that LcTPS were grouped into TPS‐b, TPS‐c, TPS‐e, TPS‐f, and TPS‐g subfamilies, with TPS‐b having the most genes. The conserved motifs (RRX8W, NSE/DTE, and DDXXD) were studied in LcTPSs, and significant variation between subfamilies was discovered. Furthermore, after integrating the metabolome and transcriptome datasets, several VOCs were shown to be development‐specific and highly linked with distinct LcTPS genes, making them promising biomarkers. Interestingly, LcTPS17/20/23/24/31 were associated with monoterpene edges, while the rest were connected to sesquiterpene edges, indicating their probable participation in the aroma biosynthesis mechanism of certain compounds.
Repellency, contact toxicity, and anti‐oviposition effects of three ethanol‐extracted plant essential oils on Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
Authors: Wagan Tufail Ahmed , Hua Hongxia , Bozdoğan Hakan , Khan Muhammad Musa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere are more than 1200 species of whiteflies found across the globe. Due to the high level of resistance of whitefly against synthetic insecticides, alternate pest management measures have their significance. Plant essential oils (EOs) affect insect pests in many ways, such as via stimulatory, deterrent, toxic, and hormonal effects. This study was designed to determine the repellency of EOs, toxicity, and oviposition deterrent activities of Allium ascalonicum, Cinnamomum camphora, and Mentha haplocalyx against adult whiteflies. In repellency determination experiments, a single tomato plant was treated with 10 ml of ethanol‐extracted EO with 1000 ppm concentration. Results showed that C. camphora EO was the most repellent for whitefly compared to M. haplocalyx and A. ascalonicum. The oviposition deterrent experiments revealed that C. camphora has the highest oviposition deterrent effect, followed by M. haplocalyx and A. ascalonicum. A single plant treatment method was used to assess the contact toxicity of three EOs against whitefly after 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of exposure. The results revealed that C. camphora is more toxic to whitefly than M. haplocalyx and A. ascalonicum. After determining the antagonistic effects of these EOs, the oils were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to identify the chemical components. It can be concluded that C. camphora is the most effective oil EO in terms of toxicity, repellence, and oviposition deterrence, followed by M. haplocalyx and A. ascalonicum under greenhouse conditions. Our results introduce some new eco‐friendly plant EOs to control whiteflies.
The multivariate Poisson‐Generalized Inverse Gaussian claim count regression model with varying dispersion and shape parameters
Authors: Tzougas George , Makariou Despoina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe introduce a multivariate Poisson‐Generalized Inverse Gaussian regression model with varying dispersion and shape for modeling different types of claims and their associated counts in nonlife insurance. The multivariate Poisson‐Generalized Inverse Gaussian regression model is a general class of models which, under the approach adopted herein, allows us to account for overdispersion and positive correlation between the claim count responses in a flexible manner. For expository purposes, we consider the bivariate Poisson‐Generalized Inverse Gaussian with regression structures on the mean, dispersion, and shape parameters. The model's implementation is demonstrated by using bodily injury and property damage claim count data from a European motor insurer. The parameters of the model are estimated via the Expectation‐Maximization algorithm which is computationally tractable and is shown to have a satisfactory performance.
Pretransplant serum levels of endothelial cell activation markers are associated with graft loss and mortality after kidney transplantation
Authors: Lund Kit Peiter , Eriksson Frank , Pedersen Bente Klarlund , Sørensen Søren Schwartz , Bruunsgaard Helle 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLong‐term allograft survival remains a challenge in kidney transplantation. In this study, we aimed to identify biomarkers for potentially modifiable pathways involved in the outcome of kidney transplantation. We tested the hypothesis that a pre‐existing systemic environment with endothelial cell activation in the recipient is associated with the outcome after kidney transplantation. In a retrospective study cohort of 611 kidney transplanted patients, we investigated associations between serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (sICAM‐1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (sVCAM‐1) before transplantation and delayed graft function, acute rejection, graft loss and mortality after transplantation. We adjusted associations for age, sex, preformed donor‐specific antibodies (DSA), pretransplant diabetes, cardiovascular disease and dialysis. Additionally, we investigated if associations between endothelial cell activation markers and outcomes differed in recipients with and without preformed DSA. Serum levels of endothelial cell activation markers were associated with delayed graft function and mortality but not with rejection. Additionally, high levels of sICAM‐1 were associated with graft loss. Associations were most pronounced in recipients without DSA, adjusted for potential confounders. Data suggest that endothelial cell activation at the time of transplantation is associated with graft loss and mortality after kidney transplantation, especially in transplant candidates without preformed DSA.
Do Things “Hang Together”? Naturalism, Pluralism, and the World
Authors: Fristedt Peter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPhilosophical naturalism in the spirit of Wilfred Sellars has historically sought to present a unified picture of the world, in which values, meanings, and minds find a place in the natural universe. But a number of recent thinkers have questioned the very idea of “the world” as a unified whole, arguing instead for disunity in the various discourses human beings use to talk about things. In this article I consider three such pluralist views. First, I take up the work of Huw Price, who combines pluralism and naturalism; then, I look at Markus Gabriel and Raymond Geuss, whose rejection of the ideas of “world” and “worldview” is not tied to naturalist presuppositions. In response to these views, I defend weaker conceptions of “the world” and “worldview,” utilizing Hans‐Georg Gadamer's idea of the “medium of language” and making the case for the unifying effects of language across the plurality of discourses.
Latinos, group identity, and equal opportunity on the 2020 California ballot
Authors: Lopez Jennifer , Alvarez R. Michael , Kim Seo‐young Silvia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveRacial minority groups are often assumed to support equal opportunity policies, with most research focused on biracial contexts between Whites and Blacks. With a unique opportunity to study richer contexts from California's 2020 elections, we test whether Latino voters supported ballot measures associated with equal opportunity.MethodsUsing data on vote choice for Propositions 15 (raising commercial property taxes) and 16 (repealing prohibition of affirmative action) from a post‐election survey of California registrants, we use logistic regression to test whether Latino support for equal opportunity policies is higher than that of Whites.ResultsFor both propositions, while Latino support was higher than White support, it was not statistically different when controlled for partisanship.ConclusionThere is little evidence to suggest that California Latinos support equal opportunity policies more strongly than White voters. This lukewarm support may explain the fates of both propositions in the election.
Improved detection of hepatitis C virus‐positive blood donors and determination of infection status
Authors: Nishiya Anna S. , de Almeida‐Neto Cesar , Witkin Steven S. , Ferreira Suzete C. , Salles Nanci A. , Nogueira Fátima A. H. , Oliveira Claudia Di Lorenzo , Rocha Vanderson , Mendrone Júnior Alfredo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn low‐risk populations, variability in the sensitivity of current serological tests for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) blood donor screening may lead to the presence of false‐positive results. This contributes to the unnecessary loss of blood donor samples as well as to difficulty in accurate donor counselling. The present study determined the optimal cut‐off value of a chemiluminescent immunoassay for identification of HCV‐reactive blood donors.Study Design and MethodsIn a retrospective cross‐sectional analysis of 193 973 blood donations, 578 samples that were positive for HCV antibody in a chemiluminescent immunoassay and/or RNA screening tests were identified. Blood from 379 of these positive samples was available for retesting by a second confirmatory HCV immunoassay followed by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Donors were also recalled for a new analysis.ResultsOnly 71 (18.7%) blood samples remained HCV‐positive upon retesting, while 233 (61.5%) now tested negative and 75 (19.8%) yielding indeterminate results. A signal to cutoff ratio ≥4.32 was determined as the best differential threshold between a positive and negative result, increasing the positive predictive value from 27.3% to 66.7%.ConclusionUsing a higher threshold for an HCV‐positive blood sample enhances the chemiluminescent immunoassay screening test´s accuracy and helps to improve donor counselling and notification processes.
Incidence and risk factors for graft failure in the modern era of cord blood transplantation
Authors: Chakrabarty Jennifer Holter , Glover Joshua , Schmidt Sara , Phan Minh , Bycko Michelle , Duong Quyen , Vesely Sara K. , O'Neal Caroline , Robertson Chelsie , Davis Christina , Kratochvil Kristen , Yuen Carrie , Khawandanah Mohamad , Selby George , Jassim Rami , Williams Kirsten M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesGraft failure (GF) after cord blood transplant (CBT) has decreased with improved supportive care and cord selection strategies. We aimed to evaluate cord blood selection and factors associated with retransplantation on the incidence of GF, determine risk factors for GF including host antibodies to Kell antigen and evaluate survival after GF.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 84 patients who underwent CBT at the University of Oklahoma between 2000 and 2016 and compared outcomes in patients with/without engraftment by Day 28. The nonengraftment cohort was further divided into patients who underwent retransplantation. Kaplan–Meier curves with log‐rank tests were calculated to assess the association between mortality and engraftment.ResultsEngraftment following CBT was high at 81%, with 52% engrafting by Day 28 and an additional 29% engrafting by a median of 36 days. Retransplantation led to 88% engraftment at a median of 53 days. Overall, 75% of the 40 patients who did not engraft by Day 28 died. Female sex and total nucleated cell count < 3.5/kg were significantly associated with lack of engraftment and higher mortality. Antibodies to Kell fetal antigen were not identified. Retransplantation by Day 28 for primary GF conferred a survival advantage.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that failure to engraft by 28 days was associated with increased mortality, and risk was mitigated with early retransplantation. Female sex and low total cell dose were associated with increased mortality. Early identification of GF coupled with early retransplantation can reduce mortality in CBT.