bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining Audiology Students' Clinical Collaboration Skills When Using Virtual Audiology Cases Aided With No Collaboration, Live Collaboration, and Virtual Collaboration
Authors: Shaaban Ramy , Richburg Cynthia M. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to examine students' ability to use effective clinical collaboration online in a designed scaffolded environment. Three groups were formed to achieve this goal: two control groups (one using no collaboration and one using live, face-to-face collaboration) and one treatment group using virtual collaboration.

Method:
A quasi-experimental design was conducted at two U.S. universities to examine whether there is a significant difference in clinical reasoning skills between three treatment groups using IUP Audiosim software. Two computer-based audiology case simulations were developed, and participants were randomly placed into the three groups. The clinical reasoning data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc analyses.

Results:
The results indicated that there was a significant difference in clinical reasoning skills between the three treatment groups. The score obtained by the no-collaboration group was significantly less than the scores obtained by the virtual and live collaboration groups.

Conclusions:
The results imply that lower scores were associated with students receiving more instructor-designed content and higher scores with students receiving less instructor-designed content. Students who received more scaffolds with the collaborations may have demonstrated better decision-making outside the training exercise than those who did not receive scaffolds. However, lower scores on the exercise did not necessarily imply lower skill. Lower scores simply implied a different path toward mastery.
A bidirectional three‐phase triple‐voltage LLC (T2‐LLC) resonant converter for DC/DC stage in solid state transformer and DC transformer applications
Authors: Shu Liangcai , Chen Wu , Jin Haozhe 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel bidirectional three‐phase triple‐voltage LLC (T2‐LLC) resonant converter, which can be applied as the submodule of DC transformer (DCT) with fixed input and output terminal voltages. A novel series‐connected three‐phase circuit is adopted at medium voltage (MV) side to improve the voltage level of single submodule (SM) and decrease SM number. Therefore, the power density of DCT can be improved. Besides, the proposed converter is open‐loop controlled with fixed switching frequency, and it naturally realizes bidirectional power flow without changing controlling modes according to the power direction. However, the efficiency and voltage conversion ratio of proposed T2‐LLC converter are sensitive to resonant parameters, and consistency of three‐phase resonant parameters should be ensured to achieve three‐phase symmetrical operation. Therefore, design and optimization methods are proposed to realize ZVS turn‐on, reduce power losses and ensure fixed voltage conversion ratio. The operation principle and optimization method are presented and a 1000 V/333.3 V/5 kW platform is used to validate feasibility of the proposed converter.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes among Women with Chronic Hypertension
Authors: Stearns Kristen , Tsaih Shirng-Wern , Palatnik Anna 
Published: January 2022

Objective The objective of this study was to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with chronic hypertension by maternal race and ethnicity.
Methods A retrospective cohort study of women with chronic hypertension was performed from the Consortium on Safe Labor (2002–2008). Maternal self-reported race and ethnicity were analyzed as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic. Maternal outcomes included cesarean birth, postpartum hemorrhage, blood transfusion, placental abruption, eclampsia, maternal intensive care unit admission, and death. Neonatal outcomes included preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), 5-minute Apgar <7, respiratory distress syndrome, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, intraventricular hemorrhage, neonatal intensive care unit admission, sepsis, and death. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to examine the association between maternal race and ethnicity and perinatal outcomes.
Results A total of 2,729 women were included. In unadjusted analysis, non-Hispanic White women had higher rates of placental abruption and Hispanic women had higher rates of placental abruption and eclampsia. In multivariable analysis, non-Hispanic Black continued to have higher odds of placental abruption (adjusted odds ratio 4.16, 95% confidence interval 1.29–18.70), but the rest of the maternal outcomes did not differ between the groups. When comparing neonatal outcomes, PTB, SGA, and LBW were more frequent in, 5-minute Apgar <7 non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic women compared with non-Hispanic White women. In addition, 5-minute Apgar <7 and neonatal sepsis were more frequent in non-Hispanic Black neonates and neonatal death was more frequent in Hispanic neonates compared with non-Hispanic White women. In multivariable regression, neonates of non-Hispanic Black women had higher odds of PTB, SGA, LBW, 5-minute Apgar < 7, and sepsis compared with non-Hispanic White women. Similarly, neonates of Hispanic women had higher odds of SGA, LBW, and death.
Conclusion Significant racial and ethnic disparities were identified mainly in neonatal outcomes of women with chronic hypertension.
Key Points
Effect of Gd-doping in Ni/NiO core/shell magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) on structural, magnetic, and hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Adanur İdris , Karazehir Tolga , Doğru Mert Başak , Akyol Mustafa , Ekicibil Ahmet 
Published: January 2022

In this study, Gdx-doped Ni/NiO MNPs (x: 0.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, and 10.0%) with a protective polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) layer have been synthesized via a polyol reduction process. The x-ray diffraction patterns revealed that samples have a cubic structure with Fm3̄m space group and no change in the crystallite structure was observed with doping Gd3+ ions. The crystallite size (Dc) decreases from 2.70 to 1.27 nm when Gd is doped into Ni/NiO MNPs. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that the Ni/NiO MNPs with Gd(5%) concentration are formed as spherical multicore-like shape core/shell MNPs with a protective PVP layer. The magnetic hysteresis measurements taken at 10 and 300 K show that the saturation magnetization (Ms) decreases with increasing Gd3+ ions in the structure. The highest effective magnetic moment (μeff) was obtained as 10.34 μB in the NG-2 sample. We ascribe that the high μeff value in this sample is due to the increase in d–f exchange interaction between Ni(3d7) and Gd(4f7) and the contribution of the dipole moment of PVP molecules. The electrochemical measurements showed that the current density values were 0.294 and 0.319 mA/cm2 at-1.3 V in the absence of Gd (NG-0) and Gd(5%) doped (NG-2) samples, respectively. βc was 159 and 132 mV/dec for NG-0 and NG-2 samples, respectively. The diminishing of βc and the charge resistance (Rct) proved that the Gd doped catalyst enhanced the hydrogen evolution activity and the Gd(5%) doped sample exhibited the highest catalyst performance.
COVID-19 increased censorship circumvention and access to sensitive topics in China
Authors: Chang Keng-Chi , Hobbs William R. , Roberts Margaret E. , Steinert-Threlkeld Zachary C. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
We study the impact of crisis on information seeking in authoritarian regimes. Using digital trace data from China during the COVID-19 crisis, we show that crisis motivates citizens to seek out crisis-related information, which subsequently exposes them to unrelated and potentially regime-damaging information. This gateway to both current and historically sensitive content is not found for individuals in countries without extensive online censorship. While information seeking increases during crisis under all forms of governance, the added gateway to previously unknown and sensitive content is disproportionate in authoritarian contexts.
Parkinson's disease protein PARK7 prevents metabolite and protein damage caused by a glycolytic metabolite
Authors: Heremans Isaac P. , Caligiore Francesco , Gerin Isabelle , Bury Marina , Lutz Marilena , Graff Julie , Stroobant Vincent , Vertommen Didier , Teleman Aurelio A. , Van Schaftingen Emile , Bommer Guido T. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Reactive compounds cause cellular damage that is suspected to contribute to aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress and environmental factors likely contribute to this. Here we report that an enzyme mutated in Parkinson’s disease can prevent damage of metabolites and proteins caused by a metabolite from the central pathway of sugar metabolism. Inactivation of this enzyme in model systems, ranging from flies to human cells, leads to the accumulation of a wide range of damaged metabolites and proteins. Thus, this enzyme represents a highly conserved strategy to prevent damage in cells that metabolize sugars. Overall, we discovered a fundamental link between carbohydrate metabolism and a type of cellular damage that might contribute to the development of Parkinson’s disease.
Multiple representations of the body schema for the same body part
Authors: Matsumiya Kazumichi 
Published: January 2022

SignificanceAccurate motor control depends on maps of the body in the brain, called the body schema. Disorders of the body schema cause motor deficits. Although we often execute actions with different motor systems such as the eye and hand, how the body schema operates during such actions is unknown. In this study, participants simultaneously directed eye and hand movements to the same body part. These two movements were found to be guided by different body maps. This finding demonstrates multiple motor system–specific representations of the body schema, suggesting that the choice of motor system toward one’s body can determine which of the brain’s body maps is observed. This may offer a new way to visualize patients’ body schema.
A multiscale biophysical model gives quantized metachronal waves in a lattice of beating cilia
Authors: Chakrabarti Brato , Fürthauer Sebastian , Shelley Michael J. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Understanding the emergence and properties of metachronal waves (MWs) in ciliary arrays is a multiscale problem central to developmental biology, transport phenomena, and nonequilibrium physics, and with potential biomedical applications. For 1D lattices of cilia, we report key mechanisms that lead to the robust emergence of MWs. Our modeling framework incorporates the full microscopic details of beating cilia. This helps us understand how ciliary bed morphology, beating patterns, and steric and hydrodynamic interactions work together to shape the emergent dynamics on 1D lattices. Due to the novelty of our modeling and computation, we have unraveled the spatiotemporal self-organization of nanometeric motor proteins in coordinating collective dynamics spanning millimeters: bridging length scales over six orders of magnitude.
Organic molecular dynamics and charge-carrier lifetime in lead iodide perovskite MAPbI
3
Authors: Koda Akihiro , Okabe Hirotaka , Hiraishi Masatoshi , Kadono Ryosuke , Dagnall Katelyn A. , Choi Joshua J. , Lee Seung-Hun 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) are among the most promising materials for next-generation solar cells that combine high efficiency and low cost. The record efficiency of HOIP-based solar cells has reached above 25%, and they can be manufactured using simple solution-processing methods that can be drastically cheaper than the current commercial solar cell technologies. Despite the progress so far, the microscopic mechanism for the high solar cell efficiency in HOIPs is yet to be understood. In this study, we show that the ability of organic molecules to rotate on an appropriate time scale in HOIPs can extend the lifetime of photoexcited charge carriers and lead to higher efficiency. This insight can guide the progress toward improved solar cell performance.
Larger images are better remembered during naturalistic encoding
Authors: Masarwa Shaimaa , Kreichman Olga , Gilaie-Dotan Sharon 
Published: January 2022

Significance
It is unclear what makes some of the numerous visual scenes we encounter every day memorable (while others are not) when we make no intentional effort to memorize them. Here, we reasoned that although visual perception is somewhat size invariant (e.g., we can recognize a person from multiple distances), visual memory would depend on image size. Across experiments, where participants freely viewed images without any memory- or nonmemory-related task (similar to naturalistic visual behavior), larger images were remembered better than smaller ones (about 1.5 times better), and this effect was proportional to image size. Our study indicates that physical stimulus dimensions (as the size of an image) influence memory, and this may have significant implications to learning, aging, development, etc.
Environmental factors affect the evolution of linguistic subgroups in Borneo
Authors: Smith Alexander D. , Rama Taraka 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the relatedness and history of the Austronesian languages of Borneo, which is the third largest island in the world and home to significant linguistic diversity. We apply Bayesian phylogenetic dating methods to lexical cognate data based on four historical calibration points to infer a dated phylogeny of 87 languages. The inferred tree topology agrees with the mid and lower-level subgrouping proposals based on the classical comparative method, but suggests a different higher-level organization. The root age of the dated tree is shallower than the archaeological estimates but agrees with a hypothesis of a past linguistic leveling event. The inferred homelands of the major linguistic subgroups from a Bayesian phylogeographic analysis agree with the homeland proposals from archaeology and linguistics. The inferred homelands for four of the eight subgroups support the riverine homeland hypothesis whereby the major linguistic subgroups developed initially in communities situated along Borneo’s major rivers.
Sous-titrage en B d’une série coréenne
Authors: Jeanmaire Guillaume , Kim Daeyoung 
Published: January 2022

Résumé
Cette étude a pour objectifs de montrer les mérites de la traduction télécollaborative en B en mode asynchrone.
Des apprenants français étudiant le coréen ont révisé les traductions de sous-titres, d’une série coréenne, réalisés par des
apprenants coréens de français. Les « réviseurs » français ont commenté en français et suggéré des modifications, partiellement
acceptées, sans pour autant travailler en mode TAV. Au-delà des compétences langagières et socioculturelles, cette collaboration
compétitive en ligne (deux équipes coréennes pour un même extrait) a permis à nos apprenants coréens d’expérimenter la plupart des
étapes afférentes à l’édition de sous-titres : traduction, révision, encodage, simulation, ajustements. Cette « collaboration »
franco-coréenne a procuré à chacun un sentiment d’accomplissement, partagé par l’enseignant. Pour que ce travail collaboratif
évolue vers une réelle « collaboration », il faudra désormais permettre l’implication des apprenants français jusqu’à l’édition
complète des sous-titres.
Weather expressions in Basque
Authors: Arteatx Iñigo , Artiagoitia Xabier 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe make two claims regarding weather expressions in Basque: first, based onEriksen et al.’s (2010)typology, we show that Basque tends towards the argument type (and less frequently so to the predicate-argument type) when coding dynamic (precipitation or other) events and to both the argument and the predicate type when coding static events; Basque often has transitive structures (i.e. both transitive predicate and argument transitive types), apparently a rare typological feature. Second, with respect to two key issues in the study of weather predicates within Generative Grammar, we claim (a) that Basque supports the view that both lexicalizations of weather verbs (unaccusative and unergative/transitive) are possible across languages, as argued byBleotu (2015)andLevin & Krejci (2019); and (b) that the emptyprosubject of Basque transitive weather constructions is closer to a quasi-argument (Chomsky 1981;Levin & Krejci 2019) rather than to a true expletive.
Carleman estimates and the contraction principle for an inverse source problem for nonlinear hyperbolic equations
Authors: Nguyen Loc H , Klibanov Michael V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to solve an inverse source problem for a general nonlinear hyperbolic equation. Combining the quasi-reversibility method and a suitable Carleman weight function, we define a map of which fixed point is the solution to the inverse problem. To find this fixed point, we define a recursive sequence with an arbitrary initial term by the same manner as in the classical proof of the contraction principle. Applying a Carleman estimate, we show that the sequence above converges to the desired solution with the exponential rate. Therefore, our new method can be considered as an analog of the contraction principle. We rigorously study the stability of our method with respect to noise. Numerical examples are presented.
Self-biased Metglas/PVDF/Ni magnetoelectric laminate for AC magnetic sensors with a wide frequency range
Authors: Yang Shuya , Xu Jie , Zhang Xuanning , Fan Shaoxiong , Zhang Chenyan , Huang Yicong , Li Qiang , Wang Xia , Cao Derang , Xu Jie , Li Shandong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this work, an arc-shaped Metglas/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/Ni laminate is proposed, which exhibits a large self-biased magnetoelectric (ME) effect due to the internal magnetization gradient field between the two magnetic layers and the built-in stress formed from the arc-shaped structure. The ME coefficients reach 38.24 and 15.0 V cm−1 Oe−1 without a DC bias magnetic field at resonance and nonresonant frequencies, respectively. The sample shows a high sensitivity, resolution and linearity with values of 210.07 mV Oe−1, 1 nT and 0.9999 at the resonance frequency, respectively. The sample was then used to detect AC magnetic fields with different nonresonant frequencies (ranging from 1 to 25 kHz), resulting in the measured data being in good agreement with the actual data. Under a zero bias magnetic field and at frequencies of 40 and 1 Hz, the limit of detection can reach 2 and 8 nT, and the resolution can reach 1 and 4 nT, respectively. The results indicate that the arc-shaped Metglas/PVDF/Ni laminate shows a large self-biased ME effect and good AC magnetic sensing performance in the bending state, which provides a new way to develop a wide frequency range AC magnetic sensor.
Berry curvature induced anisotropic magnetotransport in a quadratic triple-component fermionic system
Authors: Pal Ojasvi , Dey Bashab , Ghosh Tarun Kanti 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Triple-component fermions (TCFs) are pseudospin-1 quasiparticles hosted by certain three-band semimetals in the vicinity of their band-touching nodes (2019 Phys. Rev. B 100 235201). The excitations comprise of a flat band and two dispersive bands. The energies of the dispersive bands are

E

±

=
±

α

n

2

k

⊥

2
n

+

v

z

2

k

z

2

with

k

⊥

=

k

x

2

+

k

y

2

and n = 1, 2, 3. In this work, we obtain the exact expression of Berry curvature, approximate form of density of states and Fermi energy as a function of carrier density for any value of n. In particular, we study the Berry curvature induced electrical and thermal magnetotransport properties of quadratic (n = 2) TCFs using semiclassical Boltzmann transport formalism. Since the energy spectrum is anisotropic, we consider two orientations of magnetic field (B): (i) B applied in the x–y plane and (ii) B applied in the x–z plane. For both the orientations, the longitudinal and planar magnetoelectric/magnetothermal conductivities show the usual quadratic-B dependence and oscillatory behavior with respect to the angle between the applied electric field/temperature gradient and magnetic field as observed in other topological semimetals. However, the out-of-plane magnetoconductivity has an oscillatory dependence on angle between the applied fields for the second orientation but is angle-independent for the first one. We observe large differences in the magnitudes of transport coefficients for the two orientations at a given Fermi energy. A noteworthy feature of quadratic TCFs which is typically absent in conventional systems is that certain transport coefficients and their ratios are independent of Fermi energy within the low-energy model.
A simple and precise calibration method for binocular vision
Authors: Zimiao Zhang , Kai Xu , Yanan Wu , Shihai Zhang , Yang Qi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Binocular vision is an important part of machine vision measurement. Calibration accuracy is crucial for binocular vision. As for the determination of the structure parameters of the two cameras, the existing approaches usually obtain the initial values and optimize them according to the image-space errors, object-space errors or a combination of these. In the optimization process, constructing the objective function only through the image-space errors or object-space errors is not enough. Moreover, the image-space and object-space errors can form a variety of combinations to construct the objective function. Therefore, it is hard to choose the error criterion. An inadequate error criterion may lead to over-optimized or local minima (ambiguity solution). To solve this problem, this paper proposes a simple and precise calibration method for binocular vision based on the points distance constraints and image-space errors. The process of determining the structure parameters was divided into noniterative and iterative parts. We calculated the structure parameters of the two cameras according to the distance constraints of every two feature points noniteratively. The results obtained in this step were set as the initial value and refined through minimizing the reprojection errors using the Levenberg–Marquardt method. Because the results obtained in the noniterative step are accurate enough, only one iteration is needed. In this way, we finish the calibration avoiding the need to choose the error criterion. Furthermore, our method reduces the number of iterations to improve the calibration efficiency on the premise of guaranteeing the calibration accuracy. The experimental results show the superiority of this calibration method compared with other calibration methods. Using the calibration results of our method, in the measurement range of −45°∼ 45°, the rotation angle measurement error was less than ±0.032°. In the measurement range of 0 ∼ 39 mm, the displacement measurement error was less than ±0.047 mm. As for the length measurement of a 300 × 225 mm target, the length measurement error was less than ±0.039 mm.