bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crosslinguistic influence from Catalan and Yucatec Maya on judgments and processing of Spanish focus
Authors: Hoot Bradley , Leal Tania 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlthough a bilingual’s knowledge of one language can affect the other, crosslinguistic influence (CLI) is constrained: certain domains, such as the syntax-discourse interface, are more likely to be affected. Linguists have debated CLI’s nature and cause: the Structural Overlap Hypothesis identifies surface overlap between the languages as the key factor determining CLI, while the Interface Hypothesis highlights the role of processing overloads. Our study presents evidence from processing and judgments of a syntax-discourse interface property – information focus – in the Spanish of Yucatecan Spanish monolinguals, Yucatec Maya-Spanish bilinguals, and Catalan-Spanish bilinguals. The comparison across language dyads that realize information focus in different ways allows us to test predictions for language-specific effects of CLI. Using a forced-choice task to measure offline sentence preferences and a self-paced reading task to measure real-time processing, we find (i) language-specific CLI for Yucatec Maya bilinguals but (ii) no CLI for Catalan bilinguals and (iii) no significant differences in real-time processing. We conclude that these results provide partial support for the Structural Overlap Hypothesis but do not align with the Interface Hypothesis. We also examine the role of language dominance on CLI but find no such effects.
Common Envelope to Explosion Delay time Distribution (CEEDTD) of Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Soker Noam 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
I use recent observations of circumstellar matter (CSM) around type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) to estimate the fraction of SNe Ia that explode into a planetary nebula (PN) and to suggest a new delay time distribution from the common envelope evolution (CEE) to the SN Ia explosion for SNe Ia that occur shortly after the CEE. Under the assumption that the CSM results from a CEE, I crudely estimate that about 50% of all SNe Ia are SNe Ia inside PNe (SNIPs), and that the explosions of most SNIPs occur within a CEE to explosion delay (CEED) time of less than about ten thousand years. I also estimate that the explosion rate of SNIPs, i.e., the CEED time distribution, is roughly constant within this timescale of ten thousand years. The short CEED time suggests that a fraction of SNIPs come from the core-degenerate (CD) scenario where the merger of the core with the white dwarf takes place at the end of the CEE. I present my view that the majority of SNIPs come from the CD scenario. I list some further observations that might support or reject my claims, and describe the challenge to theoretical studies to find a process to explain a merger to explosion delay (MED) time of up to ten thousand years or so. A long MED will apply also to the double degenerate scenario.
An FPGA Based energy correction method for one-to-one coupled PET detector: model and evaluation
Authors: Ma C. , Zhao X. , Gao S. , Zhang F. , Wu G. , Li X. , Yu L. , Lu L. , Ye H. , Qian H. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A PET scanner based on silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) has
been widely used as an advanced nuclear medicine imaging technique
that yields quantitative images of regional in vivo biology and
biochemistry. The compact size of the SiPM allows direct one-to-one
coupling between the scintillation crystal and the photosensor,
yielding better timing and energy resolutions than the light sharing
methods that have to be used in photomultiplier tube (PMT) PET
systems. To decrease the volume of readout electronics, a front-end
multiplexer with position decoder is a common choice for the
one-to-one system without a highly integrated application specific
integrated circuit (ASIC). However, in this case we cannot measure
each crystal's deposited energy inspired by an annihilation photon,
so the inter-crystal scatter (ICS) events will lead to the crystal
mispositioning and then deteriorate the detector intrinsic
resolution. Besides, considering the events rejection within the
energy window resulting from the gain dispersion and non-linear
outputs of the SiPMs, an energy correction mechanism is needed. Yet,
lack of the information of each crystal's energy will introduce
large energy correction error for the ICS events. For this issue, an
online energy correction mechanism implemented on a Kintext-7 Field
Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device is presented in this
paper. Experiments in the laboratory were performed using an
8 × 8 segmented LYSO crystals coupled with an 8 × 8
SiPM (J-series, from ON Semiconductor) array which is under
22Na point source excitation. Test results indicate that both
the energy of the non-ICS and ICS events can be precisely corrected
and the energy resolution is better than 12 %. We also applied this
method to an actual clinical PET scanner under a 68Ge line
source to verify its multi-channel reliability.
Alginate in corneal tissue engineering
Authors: Kostenko Anastassia , Swioklo Stephen , Connon Che J 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Corneal blindness is the major cause of vision impairment and the fourth-largest leading cause of blindness worldwide. An allograft corneal transplant is the most routine treatment for visual loss. Further complications can occur, such as transplant rejection, astigmatism, glaucoma, uveitis, retinal detachment, corneal ulceration due to reopening of the surgical wounds, and infection. For patients with autoimmune disorders, allografting for chemical burns and infections is contraindicated because of the risk of disease transmission and further complications. Moreover, corrective eye surgery renders the corneas unsuitable for allografting, further increasing the gap between donor tissue demand and supply. Due to these challenges, other therapeutic strategies such as artificial alternatives to donor corneal tissue are being considered. This review focuses on the use of alginate as a building block of therapeutic drugs or cell delivery systems to enhance drug retention and encourage corneal regeneration. The similarity of alginate hydrogel water content to native corneal tissue makes it a promising support structure. Alginates possess desired drug carrier characteristics, such as mucoadhesiveness and penetration enhancing properties. Whilst alginates have been extensively studied for their application in tissue engineering, with many reviews being published, no reviews exist to our knowledge directly looking at alginates for corneal applications. The role of alginate in drug delivery to the surface of the eye and as a support structure (bioinspired tissue scaffold) for corneal tissue engineering is discussed. Biofabrication techniques such as gel casting, electrospinning, and bioprinting to develop tissue precursors and substitutes are compared. Finally, cell and tissue encapsulation in alginate for storage and transport to expand the scope of cell-based therapy for corneal blindness is also discussed in the light of recent applications of alginate in maintaining the function of biofabricated constructs for storage and transport.
Algorithm for calculating the power factor of a rotary mixer drive
Authors: Chupshev A V , Teryushkov V P , Konovalov V V , Fomina V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the research was to develop a methodology for calculating the power factor of the rotary agitator unit drive with its components and an algorithm for their determination, implemented in the form of a computer program. The structural scheme of the bulk material mixer with the developed agitator unit is given. The definition of the required parameters is realized on the base of the known expressions and operating parameters of the mixer. The developed technique and calculation algorithm, which is realized in the MathCAD mathematical package, allow determining the peripheral velocity profile parameter of the material and the hydraulic resistance coefficient of the working body, the power factor and the mixing capacity factor, which allows calculating the torque and power required for material mixing by a rotary mixer with a vertical shaft of the developed design.
Changes in the parameters of photosynthetic maize activity with applying micronutrient fertilizers
Authors: Gavryushina I V , Semina S A , Paliychuk A S , Nikulina E V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The most important factor that determines the yield of agricultural crops is mineral nutrition. It is important to supply the plants in the required amount and the optimal ratio of basic nutrients and microelements. Foliar treatment is the most rational way to apply micronutrient fertilizers. The current research aimed at examining the species (Azosol 36 Extra, 3.0 l/ha; Aquarin 5, 3.0 l/ha) and the terms of application (5 maize leaves; 8 maize leaves; 5 leaves + 8 maize leaves) of micronutrient fertilizers, depending on the early ripening of the hybrid, providing the formation of the best indicators of photosynthetic activity, was carried out on leached heavy loamy chernozem. When foliar treatment of an early ripe hybrid with Azosol 36 Extra solution, the increase in the total leaf surface of sowing in relation to options with water on a natural agro background was 3.0%, and from Aquarin 5-9.1%, and for the mid-early, the increase was 4.3 and 6.9%, respectively. Against the background of N110P70K40, the gains varied from 4.0 to 5.9%, but no significant advantage, both types of micronutrient fertilizers and in terms of foliar treatment, was not revealed. The use of Azosol 36 Extra on the natural agro background promoted an increase in the total photosynthetic potential by 2.7-4.1% compared to the treatment with water, the effect of Aquarin 5 was more effective, the increase was 6.9-8.9%. With the improvement of root nutrition conditions, the increase from Azosol 36 Extra was obtained a bit more - 4.1 -5.8%, and from Aquarin 5, on the contrary, less (3.7-5.6%). Variants with foliar treatment with Azosol 36 Extra in the phase of eight leaves and double application, the increase varied from 7.5-7, 9% on a natural agricultural background to 13.2% on an improved one. Aquarin 5 had a better effect on plants during foliar treatment in the phase of five leaves of maize, but the increase was 2.7-8.5%.
Hydrogen diffusivity and tensile properties degradation in SLMed Inconel 718
Authors: Aiello F , Beghini M , Bertini L , Macoretta G , Monelli B D , Valentini R 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Besides elevated temperature applications, Inconel 718 is widely chosen for components subjected to heavy loads operating in aggressive environments, which can promote the production of hydrogen on the metal surface. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is an emerging technology for the production of structural components in Inconel 718 or Inconel 625 alloys, allowing to create functionally optimized shapes and overcome the traditional manufacturing limitations. However, the SLM process introduces a peculiar microstructure and severe residual stresses that can affect hydrogen migration and accumulation. While the mechanical properties were deeply investigated in recent years, the resistance of SLMed Inconel 718 to the Hydrogen Embrittlement (HE) is still an open issue. The present work deals with a preliminary assessment of the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of the SLMed In718 in the as-built condition. Slow strain rate tests were carried out on unnotched specimens that were pre-charged by electrochemical cathodic charging. Fractographic analyses, carried out with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), were used to identify the effects produced by the hydrogen intake on the material microstructure. The material resulted to be susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement, featuring a significant ductility reduction in presence of extremely elevated hydrogen concentrations. The hydrogen content was measured by employing the Hot Extraction Method (HEM), for each mechanical test. Due to a low diffusivity value, hydrogen penetrates only within a thin external layer of the specimen. Therefore, to identify the concentration profile, the effective hydrogen diffusion coefficient was identified and the hydrogen diffusion was simulated using Fick’s equation. The loss in mechanical resistance was then correlated to the hydrogen concentration near the fracture onset.
Experimental analysis on the resistance of fixing nails for spine cages
Authors: La Rosa G , Mineo R , Barbagallo R , Tosto C 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Arthrodesis is one of the most common surgical treatment for the management of pathologies concerning the intervertebral discs. Special cages replace the intervertebral disc and realize the fusion between the vertebral body, often together with a fixing plate, screws, and rods. An alternative method is a cage that contains integrated screws, designed with suitable holes, it allows an easier insertion of fixing system during surgery. Mt Ortho company offers a cage equipped with two diverging locking nails in Ti6Al4V-ELI titanium alloy. These nails are placed directly inside the cage inclined by 30° with respect to the horizontal. This paper, performed in collaboration with Mt Ortho, reports the experimental tests aimed at evaluating the performance of locking nails under pull-out stresses. To evaluate the nails pull-out in a more physiological way, together to the standard condition, tests were performed on a composite layer made of wood and foam. Furthermore, the notch effects generated by the locking nails are qualitatively evaluated by photoelastic analysis, in view of a geometry able to reduce the stress concentration factor on the bone tissue, without reducing the pull-out resistance.
Sound of a Composite Failure: An Acoustic Emission Investigation
Authors: Barile C , Casavola C , Pappalettera G , Vimalathithan P K 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The failure progression characteristics of adhesively bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites are investigated using Acoustic Emission (AE) technique. Different failure progression modes such as matrix cracking, fiber breakage, delamination and through-thickness crack growth releases AE waveforms in different frequency domains. The characteristic features of these different AE waveforms are studied in Mel Scale, which is a perpetual frequency scale of average human hearing frequency. The recurring noise in the recorded waveforms has been identified more efficiently when the waveforms are analysed in Mel Scale. The recorded AE signals from the adhesively bonded CFRP under static tensile loading are stretched to match the Mel filter banks. The sampling rate of the recorded signal is adjusted from 1 MHz to 20 kHz. Following that, the Mel spectrogram and its cepstral coefficients are used for identifying the different failure modes from which the AE signals are generated. A comprehensive comparison of the AE analysis in Mel scale with conventional waveform processing techniques such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT), Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) and Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) has been made. The advantages and further applications of Mel Scale over traditional waveform processing techniques in defining the failure modes in the composites are also discussed.
Damage Detection in Composite Materials by Flexural Dynamic Excitation and Accelerometer-Based Acquisition
Authors: Loi G , Uras N , Porcu M C , Aymerich F 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Composite materials provide many advantages over more conventional materials. However, their susceptibility to impact damage can question their use in critical load-bearing structures, and efficient methods are needed for early damage detection. To this purpose, the nonlinear vibro-acoustic modulation (VAM) technique applies a low-frequency pump excitation and a high-frequency probe excitation to exploit the onset of harmonic components around the probe frequency of the damaged structural response. The VAM technique has been widely studied on structures instrumented with piezoceramic transducers used for both actuation and sensing, but few attempts have been made to use equipment typical of modal testing, such as shakers and accelerometers. In this study, the VAM technique is applied to a composite laminate beam by employing an electro-dynamic shaker to generate low-frequency flexural excitation, a low-profile piezoceramic transducer to introduce the probe wave, and a micro-accelerometer to sense the structural response. Three resonance low frequencies and two acoustic frequencies are considered in different testing scenarios, at increasing levels of excitation amplitude. The results show a general good performance of the technique with the adopted experimental setup, the choice of the probe frequency and the higher level of the pump excitation having a significant impact on its sensitivity.
Full-field monitoring methods for damage analysis on aeronautical CFRP specimens under fatigue loads
Authors: Nobile R , Panella F W , Pirinu A , Saponaro A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The present paper is focused on full-field experimental monitoring procedures to be employed during HCF fatigue testing on two series of CFRP open hole samples. Two different experimental methodologies based on thermographic techniques and displacement measurements with Digital Image Correlation (DIC) analysis are employed for damage settlement and evolution to be detected up to failure, together with correspondent compliance analysis. Combined monitoring approaches, based on thermo-elastic and dissipative phenomena, together with stiffness properties variations, are claimed to offer precise damage state localization during tests in real time; in addition, DIC analysis is performed during low-frequency fatigue cycle is studied for better failure prediction and damage location. The thermal parameters and experimental compliance correlation seem to indicate similar signal variation during damage progress and after proper data elaboration; contemporaneous raw thermal measurements in critical zones of specimens under fatigue life offer a kind of delamination recognition at specific layer interface and location, as well as propagation before final failure. Sample under tensile load on the other hand reveal delaminations indirectly on the surface. In addition, non-destructive thermographic and ultrasound tests are performed at regular intervals during fatigue life.
Composite-to-metal multi-bolt joints: a simplified FE analysis method
Authors: Belardi V G , Fanelli P , Vivio F 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a modified version of the Composite Bolted Joint Element (CBJE) that can be employed for the finite element analysis of double-lap joints made up of metal and composite material plates. The CBJE makes use if the theoretical definition of composite bolted region that is solved to analytically define the behavior of the joint. The solution is utilized to obtain the stiffness of the bolted region and the bolt-hole contact stiffness that are transferred to the CBJE. The definition based on the analytical solution allows to balance the accuracy and the computational effort of the solution. The results of CBJE for hybrid double-lap joints is compared with a 3D FE solid demonstrating a highly remarkable matching.
Preliminary design of an anthropomorphic cutting and potting system for automated agriculture
Authors: Delogu M , Uggiosi D , Barbieri R , Pierini M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The study presented is part of the Rural Development Programme of the Tuscany Region and the European Union: the objectives are to limit the number of manual operations, to enhance technological transfer operations, to share best practices and to reduce the carbon footprint of the Scindapsus cuttings production chain. In this context, the work presents the approach to a preliminary design of an anthropomorphic system for automated cutting and potting of cuttings. For a better understanding of the current procedures and solutions, a critical analysis of the State of the Art of agricultural automation processes available in the literature was carried out. This study was developed in parallel with market research to identify the custom components to be produced to make a choice consistent with the technical specifications. The design has dealt with the system for handling and preparing the cuttings through panels and conveyor belts, starting from the needs defined in the initial phase. The analysis considered, both at a mechanical and functional level (evaluation of times and methods), the layout of production space with a high degree of automation for cutting and potting cuttings, with particular attention to the issues of the workplace safety and the maintainability of the elements: the best configuration of resources, personnel and equipment were designed through a what-if scenario analysis populated by deterministic and stochastic events.
Anterior Chamber Angle Changes in Primary Angle-closure Glaucoma Following Phacoemulsification Versus Phacotrabeculectomy: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ghadamzadeh Mojtaba , Karimi Farshid , Ghasemi Moghaddam Somayeh , Daneshvar Ramin 
Published: January 2022

Précis:
We used anterior segment optical coherence tomography to investigate anterior chamber angle in primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) eyes following phacoemulsification and phacotrabeculectomy. Angle widening was significantly greater after phacoemulsification up to 6 months after the surgery.

Purpose:
To compare anterior chamber angle following 2 common surgeries for PACG.

Methods:
One hundred ten glaucoma patients were evaluated in this single center, prospective, randomized clinical trial. Those with concomitant PACG and senile cataract and without a history of ocular surgery, trauma, or chronic miotic use were recruited. Monocular patients were also excluded. Finally, 52 eligible subjects were randomly assigned to phacoemulsification (“Phaco” group, 25 eyes) or phacotrabeculectomy (“Combined” group, 27 eyes) surgeries. A swept-source, anterior segment optical coherence tomography device (CASIA SS-1000 OCT) was used to image the anterior segment. Mask graders used the images to measure the following parameters before and 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after surgery: angle opening distance at 500 µm, trabecular iris surface area at 500 µm, and trabecular iris angle at 500 µm.

Results:
There was no significant difference between study groups regarding best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and the number of glaucoma medications in preoperative or postoperative visits (P>0.076). Also, the measured angle parameters were not statistically significantly different between the 2 groups before surgery (P>0.123). After surgery, all measured parameters were significantly increased in both groups (P<0.0001). At the 6-month follow-up, nasal angle opening distance at 500 µm was 0.383±0.027 vs. 0.349±0.017, trabecular iris surface area at 500 µm was 0.141±0.007 vs. 0.125±0.005, and trabecular iris angle at 500 µm was 40.1±12.9 vs. 34.6±3.1 in Phaco and Combined groups, respectively (P<0.0001 for all).

Conclusions:
Anterior chamber angle widening by anterior segment optical coherence tomography was observed in PACG patients following surgery and was significantly greater after phacoemulsification compared with combined phacotrabeculectomy at all time points. Similar IOP and medication burden were noted for up to 6 months as secondary outcomes. The contribution of angle changes to the IOP-lowering effect of phacoemulsification in PACG eyes needs further study.