bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autophagy of the somatic stalk cells likely nurses the propagating spores of Dictyostelid social amoebas
Authors: Du Qingyou , Schaap Pauline 
Published: November 2022

Background: Autophagy (self-feeding) assists survival of starving cells by partial self-digestion, while dormancy as cysts, spores or seeds enables long-term survival. Starving Dictyostelium amoebas construct multicellular fruiting bodies with spores and stalk cells, with many Dictyostelia still able to encyst individually like their single-celled ancestors. While autophagy mostly occurs in the somatic stalk cells, autophagy gene knock-outs in Dictyostelium discoideum ( D. discoideum) formed no spores and lacked cAMP induction of prespore gene expression. Methods: To investigate whether autophagy also prevents encystation, we knocked-out autophagy genes atg5 and atg7 in the dictyostelid Polysphondylium pallidum, which forms both spores and cysts. We measured spore and cyst differentiation and viability in the knock-out as well as stalk and spore gene expression and its regulation by cAMP. We tested a hypothesis that spores require materials derived from autophagy in stalk cells. Sporulation requires secreted cAMP acting on receptors and intracellular cAMP acting on PKA. We compared the morphology and viability of spores developed in fruiting bodies with spores induced from single cells by stimulation with cAMP and 8Br-cAMP, a membrane-permeant PKA agonist. Results: Loss of autophagy in P. pallidum reduced but did not prevent encystation. Stalk cells still differentiated but stalks were disorganised. However, no spores were formed at all and cAMP-induced prespore gene expression was lost. D. discoideum spores induced in vitro by cAMP and 8Br-cAMP were smaller and rounder than spores formed multicellularly and while they were not lysed by detergent they germinated not (strain Ax2) or poorly (strain NC4), unlike spores formed in fruiting bodies. Conclusions: The stringent requirement of sporulation on both multicellularity and autophagy, which occurs mostly in stalk cells, suggests that stalk cells nurse the spores through autophagy. This highlights autophagy as a major cause for somatic cell evolution in early multicellularity.
Increasing Interest in Inclusive Education in the Context of Action Plan for the Development and Enhancement of Special Education during the Fourteenth Five-Year Period in China: An Analysis of Baidu Index Data
Authors: Long Hongmei , Wang Meijie , Tan Qinyi , Chen Pan , Teng Luyan 
Published: November 2022

Objective: Current evidence shows that public interest in inclusive education has been rising since the implementation of Action Plan for the development and enhancement of special education during the Fourteenth Five-Year period in China. The aim of this study was to quantify recent trends in public interest and related online search behavior for inclusive education in the context of this Action Plan.
Methods: Baidu Index, a database of search engines with massive information, was employed. By searching for the keyword inclusive education, and using content analysis to understand the data information related to inclusive education. This study also extracted the search trend data of Chinese netizens on the related terms "Law on the Protection of Persons with Disabilities " and "Regulation on the Education of Persons with Disabilities" from January 1, 2022 to October 27, 2022. Finally, it compares the search trend of public search interests of inclusive education with related terms.
Results: The public's interest in "inclusive education" and the related terms "Law on the Protection of Persons with Disabilities " and "Regulation on the Education of Persons with Disabilities" has been on the rise since the implementation of the Action Plan. The search trend reached its peak in February and May 2022, the valley in January 2022, and the search volume in other time periods tended to be stable.
Conclusion: Baidu Index can understand the public's interest in inclusive education. The study shows that the rising search trend of inclusive education is closely related to the implementation of the Action Plan. The search volume of the "Law on the Protection of Persons with Disabilities " and "Regulation on the Education of Persons with Disabilities" is basically the same as that of "inclusive education", but the average search volume daily of "inclusive education" is slightly higher than that of "Regulation on the Education of Persons with Disabilities".
Is vitamin D supplementation of potential benefit for community-living people with Alzheimer's disease?
Authors: Karaoglan Mehmet , Voegeli David 
Published: November 2022

Background: Vitamin D is associated not only with effects on calcium and bone metabolisms but also with many chronic diseases. Low vitamin D levels in patients with Alzheimer's disease have been widely reported in the literature. Aim: The purpose of this study was to critically review the potential benefit of vitamin D supplementation in individuals with Alzheimer's disease living in the community. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for papers published 2011–2018. Results: Seven papers were selected, consisting of one clinical trial, five cohort studies and one systematic review. Studies showed an association only between vitamin D deficiency and lower attention in older people. None of the reviewed studies provided evidence of a positive impact of vitamin D supplementation on cognitive function in older people with Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion: There was no evidence that vitamin D supplementation has a direct benefit for Alzheimer's disease. The review synthesised the existing body of knowledge and concluded that optimum levels of vitamin D (neither too low nor too high) do appear to have positive effects on patient outcomes and quality of life. It is still unclear why vitamin D intake is inadequate as people age. Further research is needed to clarify vitamin-D-related aspects of Alzheimer's disease.
Ratio fluorescence sensor based on CD/Cu-MOFs for detection of Hg2+
Authors: Hou Jingzhou , Zhang Ya , Ming Fanglin , Hong Yiyihui , Liu Huan , He Qiang , Hou Changjun , Huo Danqun 
Published: November 2022

Trace detection of toxic heavy metals is a very important and difficult problem in several areas: convenience, sensitivity, and reliability. Herein, we develop an innovative fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based ratio fluorescence sensor for the detection of heavy metal mercury ion (

H
g

2
+

). The sensing platform is composed of coumarin derivatives (CDs) and a copper metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) named CD/Cu-MOF. The constructed CD/Cu-MOFs ratio fluorescence sensor exhibits dual emission peaks at 430 and 505 nm under the single excitation wavelength of 330 nm. With the addition of

H
g

2
+

, the fluorescence intensity of the system at 430 nm gradually increased, and the fluorescence intensity at 505 nm remained stable, resulting in a change in the fluorescence ratio. There is a good logarithmic relationship between the

H
g

2
+

concentration in the range from

2

×

10

−
8

to 0.001 nM and the ratio of the fluorescence emission intensity of the system (

F

430

/

F

505

) (

R

2

=

0.9901

), and its calculated detection limit is

3.76

×

10

−
9

n
M

. In addition, the CD/Cu-MOFs ratio fluorescence sensor has achieved a good recovery rate of standard addition in the actual food sample recovery experiment, which provides an effective method for the detection of

H
g

2
+

in food samples.
Pendulum-type light beams
Authors: Jia Junhui , Lin Haolin , Liao Yixuan , Li Zhen , Chen Zhenqiang , Fu Shenhe 
Published: November 2022

Nondiffracting and shape-preserving light beams have been extensively studied and were shown to exhibit intriguing wave phenomena, which led to applications including particle manipulation, curved plasma channel generation, and optical superresolution. However, these beams are generated by caustics, i.e., conical superposition of waves. As a result, they tend to propagate along a straight line or accelerate in a plane [(1

+

1)D], and tailoring their propagation trajectories in a higher dimension [(2

+

1]D] is challenging. Here we report both theoretically and experimentally a class of nondiffracting solutions to the paraxial wave equation perturbed by harmonic potential. We demonstrate that the initial wave packets of light can be engineered to accelerate along an arbitrary trajectory centered on an elliptic or a circular orbit in a (2

+

1)D configuration, while maintaining their phase and polarization structures during propagation. Such particle-like features manifested by orbital movements can be attributed to the centripetal force of the underlying potential. We name such oscillating wave packets as pendulum-type beams. We suggest the concept can be generalized to other waves such as quantum waves, matter waves, and acoustic waves, opening possibilities for the study and applications of the pendulum-type wave packet in a wide range, e.g., it may be utilized in the field of laser scanning technology.
Psychological insulin resistance and affecting factors in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Çevik Aktura Seher , Özden Gürkan 
Published: November 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate psychological insulin resistance and factors affecting it in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Method: This descriptive study was conducted in a university hospital in eastern Turkey. The population of the study consisted of patients diagnosed with type 2 DM in the internal medicine clinic of the said hospital. Data were collected using the Patient Identification Form, Problematic Areas in Diabetes, Treatment Compliance and Psychological Insulin Resistance Scales in Patients with Diabetes, which were used to determine the descriptive characteristics of the patients.
Findings: In the study, it was found that the mean score of the problematic areas in diabetes scale was 37.89 ± 5.81 and the patients did not experience emotional distress, the mean score of the treatment compliance scale was high (96.56 ± 13.28) and their compliance to treatment was low, the mean score of the psychological insulin resistance scale was 48.40 ± 8.79 and the psychological insulin value of the patients was high.
Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was determined that patients’ BMI, education level, employment status, problematic areas in diabetes scale and treatment compliance scale scores were important predictors for psychological insulin resistance.

Özet
Amaç: Araştırma, diyabetli hastalarda psikolojik insülin direnci ve etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Metot: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu araştırma, Türkiye’nin doğusunda yer alan bir üniversite hastanesinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini adı geçen hastanenin dahiliye kliniğinde tip 2 DM tanısı almış hastalar oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri, hastaların tanıtıcı özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla kullanılan Hasta Tanıtım Formu, Diyabette Problemli Alanlar, Tedaviye Uyum ve Diyabetli Hastalarda Psikolojik İnsülin Direnci Ölçekleri ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmada hastaların diyabette problemli alanlar ölçeği puan ortalamasının 37.89 ± 5.81 olduğu ve emosyonel distres yaşamadığı, tedavi uyum ölçeği puan ortalamasının yüksek olduğu (96.56 ± 13.28) ve tedaviye uyumlarının düşük olduğu, psikolojik insülin direnci ölçeği puan ortalamalarının 48.40 ± 8.79 olduğu ve hastaların psikolojik insülin değerinin yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Araştırmanın sonucunda hastaların BKİ, eğitim düzeyi, çalışma durumu, diyabette problemli alanlar ölçeği ve tedavi uyum ölçeği skorlarının psikolojik insülin direnci için önemli yordayıcılar olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Assessment of drug delivery devices working at microflow rates
Authors: Niemann Anders Koustrup , Batista Elsa , Geršl Jan , Bissig Hugo , Büker Oliver , Lee Seok Hwan , Graham Emmelyn , Stolt Krister , Afonso Joana , Benková Miroslava , Knotek Stanislav 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Almost every medical department in hospitals around the world uses infusion devices to administer fluids, nutrition, and medications to patients to treat many different diseases and ailments. There have been several reports on adverse incidents caused by medication errors associated with infusion equipment. Such errors can result from malfunction or improper use, or even inaccuracy of the equipment, and can cause harm to patients’ health. Depending on the intended use of the equipment, e.g. if it is used for anaesthesia of adults or for medical treatment of premature infants, the accuracy of the equipment may be more or less important. A well-defined metrological infrastructure can help to ensure that infusion devices function properly and are as accurate as needed for their use. However, establishing a metrological infrastructure requires adequate knowledge of the performance of infusion devices in use. This paper presents the results of various tests conducted with two types of devices.
Bernoulli Free Boundary Problems Under Uncertainty: The Convex Case
Authors: Dambrine Marc , Harbrecht Helmut , Puig Benedicte 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present article is concerned with solving Bernoulli’s exterior
free boundary problem in the case of an interior boundary that is
random. We provide a new regularity result on the map that sends
a parametrization of the inner boundary to a parametrization of the
outer boundary. Moreover, assuming that the interior boundary
is convex, also the exterior boundary is convex, which enables to
identify the boundaries with support functions and to determine their
expectations. We in particular construct a confidence region for the
outer boundary based on Aumann’s expectation and provide a numerical
method to compute it.
Infinitely many solutions for quasilinear Schrödinger equations with sign-changing nonlinearity without the aid of 4-superlinear at infinity
Authors: Khiddi Mustapha , Essafi Lakbir 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this article, we will prove the existence of infinitely many solutions for a class of quasilinear Schrödinger equations without assuming the 4-superlinear at infinity on the nonlinearity. We achieve our goal by using the Fountain theorem.
Structural and functional markers of language signify the symptomatic effect of depression: A systematic literature review
Authors: Savekar Anbu , Tarai Shashikanta , Singh Moksha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Human behaviour is encoded and decoded through language. The latter acts as a marker in conceptualising the symptomatic effect of depression and stress. Based on this premise, this study reviewed the results and findings of both qualitative and quantitative research literature on the discourse of depressive patients and which was published between 2010 to 2020. A total of 80 research articles were examined and evaluated for interpretation using the Framework of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Out of these, 25 articles were finalised for analysis and synthesis. The findings on linguistic indicators correlating to depression were interpreted based on (i) prevalent linguistic markers, (ii) the research design, (iii) the significance of the context, and (iv) the limitations of findings across studies that foil establishing the generalizability of linguistic markers. Although function and content words (first-person singular pronouns, negative emotional words) as markers are strongly associated with cognitive symptoms (self-focused attention) of depression, results across studies vary. It is observed that depressive individuals also used the third-person singular (he, she) and plural pronouns (they) while accusing others of referring to negative affect. These findings contribute to the literature on mental health by establishing a correlation between linguistic features and psychological symptoms of depression.
Geochemical properties and heavy metal contents of carbonaceous rocks in the Pliocene siliciclastic rock sequence from southeastern Denizli-Turkey
Authors: Koralay Tamer , Koralay Demet Banu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pliocene-aged carbonaceous rocks of varying thicknesses, alternating with siliciclastic and carbonate rock units, are located on the northern border of the Çameli-Acıpayam basin (in southwestern Turkey), which is filled with thick Neogene sediments. Organic and inorganic geochemical properties of carbonaceous rocks were examined to evaluate their hydrocarbon production potential and paleo-depositional conditions (provenance, paleoclimate, paleosalinity, paleoredox, weathering, heavy metal contents, etc.). Based on organic geochemical analysis, carbonaceous rocks show good to excellent source rock potential and have gas production potential. Organic substances are mostly of allochthonous origin, and their thermal maturity degree is quite low. Carbonaceous rocks have a high amount of inorganic substance (minerals) composed of quartz, clay + mica minerals (mostly illite and a lesser amount of smectite, chlorite, and kaolinite), feldspar, and opaque minerals (pyrite and ilmenite). Although carbonaceous rocks have similar major oxide and trace element concentrations, they show clear differences in terms of Fe2O3, MgO, and some heavy metals (such as Ni, Cr, Co, V, and Sc). The major oxide, trace element concentrations, various element ratios of carbonaceous rocks bear the characteristics of mafic/ultramafic magmatic rocks formed on the active continental margin. In addition, carbonaceous rocks were precipitated in a brackish water environment under oxic conditions. The sediments, which were rapidly stored without recycling in the deposition environment where hot/humid climatic conditions are effective, did not undergo intense decomposition in the source area.
Further inequalities for the 𝔸-numerical radius of certain 2 × 2 operator matrices
Authors: Feki Kais , Sahoo Satyajit 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Let

𝔸
=

(

A

O

O

A

)

\mathbb{A}={\bigl{(}\begin{smallmatrix}A&O\\
O&A\\
\end{smallmatrix}\bigr{)}}

be a

2
×
2

2\times 2

diagonal operator matrix whose each diagonal entry is a bounded positive (semi-definite) linear operator A acting on a complex Hilbert space

ℋ

\mathcal{H}

. In this paper, we derive several

𝔸

\mathbb{A}

-numerical radius inequalities for

2
×
2

2\times 2

operator matrices whose entries are bounded with respect to the seminorm induced by the positive operator A on

ℋ

\mathcal{H}

. Some applications of our inequalities are also given.
Strategies of fair lexicography – how present-day dictionaries of English show respect
Authors: Garibyan Armine , Koroleva Daria , Mittmann Brigitta , Herbst Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article investigates the ways in which present-day monolingual dictionaries of the English language show respect towards groups of people. On the basis of the analysis of selected entries of the most recent editions of English learners’ dictionaries and the Concise Oxford Dictionary we outline five different strategies employed in these dictionaries to avoid discrimination of and offensiveness towards other people. The analysis comprises the phrasing of definitions, illustrations, the selection of examples, the choice of headwords as well as usage notes in comparison to data obtained from English corpora.
A proposed microstructure for a new kind of active learner’s dictionary
Authors: DiMuccio-Failla Paolo V. , Giacomini Laura 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article is intended as the first of a series of papers designing an electronic linguistic resource made up of three modules: (1) a phrase-based active dictionary thought of as a first attempt to implement John Sinclair’s vision of the “ultimate dictionary”; (2) a grammar / construction describing not only the morphologic and syntactic rules of a language but also its systematic (semantic) alternations and the derivations generating new meaningful constructions from old ones; (3) a phrase thesaurus / phraseological conceptual ontology taking WordNet into the modern “age of phraseology”. After introducing the theoretical framework of our project, we present the microstructure of our Phrase-based Active Dictionary (PAD) model and describe it in a general theory of lexicography.
Comparison of the performance of solvent wash reagents used for the primary cleanup of degraded PUREX solvent
Authors: Mishra Satyabrata , Mukhopadhyaya Chandan , Patra Chayan , Panantharayil Vishnu Anand , Rajesh Puspalata , Sivakumar Dasari , Desigan Narasimhan , Dhamodharan Krishnan , Velavendan Periyakaruppan , Rajeev Ramachandran Pillai , Venkatesan Konda Athmaram , Ananthasivan Krishnamurthy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The effectiveness of the solvent wash reagents such as sodium carbonate and hydrazine carbonate were compared using the lean solvent obtained during reprocessing of high plutonium content fast reactor spent nuclear fuel. The concentrations of the reagents were optimized based on the removal of retained metal ions from the lean solvent and 1.5 M hydrazine carbonate was found to be optimal and superior to sodium carbonate to be adopted as the reagent for primary cleanup of the spent solvent. Both the reagents were found to possess excellent room temperature stability and their performance was not affected upon gamma irradiation which was assessed in terms of capacity to remove di-butyl phosphate from degraded TBP/n-DD system.
Innovation, scaling-up, and local development in peripheral regions: do establishments scale-up locally?
Authors: Shearmur Richard , Doloreux David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A growing number of researchers suggest that there is no necessary connection between local firm-level innovation and local development. There are two connected arguments: first, many analysts suggest local innovation should be understood as a social and institutional process: from this perspective, just focusing on firms is too narrow. Second, regional economists view firms – especially innovative ones – as geographically mobile, tending to move away from regions which don’t offer them adequate support or resources. In this paper, we consider this second approach, exploring the degree to which innovators in peripheral regions purchase local services and scale-up their operations locally – two mechanisms that should connect firm-level innovation to local development. We find that peripheral innovators are more likely to use non-local services; their external expansion is also more likely to occur non-locally. If these results, obtained from cross-sectional analysis of a sparse data-set, are indicative of persistent processes, then they shed light on why firm-level innovation is disconnected from regional development in peripheral regions.