bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eu2+‐Doped Layered Double Borate Phosphor with Ultrawide Near‐Infrared Spectral Distribution in Response to Ultraviolet–Blue Light Excitation
Authors: Tang Zuobin , Du Feng , Liu Hu , Leng Zhihua , Sun Xiaoqin , Xie Huidong , Que Meidan , Wang Yuhua 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUltrabroadband near‐infrared (NIR) luminescent materials are important components for compact light sources used in food testing, medical and biosensing applications. A major long‐term challenge facing NIR luminescent materials is to design ultrabroadband phosphors activated by the rare‐earth ions characterized by the f–d transition. Here, an Eu2+‐doped Ba3Lu(BO3)3 phosphor, showing peculiar luminescence characteristics such as a long emission wavelength ≈720 nm, a broader full width at half maximum of ≈197 nm, a large Stokes shift of ≈8300 cm–1, and a longer decay time ≈5.58 µs, is reported. The smaller Eu2+ occupy the irregular and larger Ba2+ sites further reducing the symmetry, resulting in the increased splitting of the degenerate 5d level, thereby lowering the energy of Eu2+ emission. The longer decay time is also associated with the irregular Ba sites. This work improves the NIR mechanism of Eu2+ and opens up a new idea for exploring promising broadband NIR luminescent materials.
Interstitial Fluid Behavior and Diseases
Authors: Liu Wen‐Tao , Cao Yu‐Peng , Zhou Xiao‐Han , Han Dong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLiving things comprise a typical hierarchical and porous medium, and their most fundamental logical architectures are interstitial structures encapsulating parenchymal structures. The recent discovery of the efficient transport mechanisms of interstitial streams has provided a new understanding of these complex activities. The substance transport of interstitial streams follows mesoscopic fluid behavior dynamics, which is intimately associated with material transfer in nanoconfined spaces and a unique signal transmission. Accordingly, the evaluation of interstitial stream transport behavior at the mesoscopic scale is essential. In this review, recent advances in physical and chemical properties, the substance transport model, and the characterization methods of interstitial streams at the mesoscopic scale, as well as the relationships between interstitial streams and disease are summarized. Interstitial stream transport can be used as a basis to fully mine hierarchal behavior in images to expand imaging behavior into an omics field. By starting from the perspective of soft matter, a new understanding can be gained of health and disease and quantitative physical markers for research, clinical diagnosis, and treatment can be provided, as well as prognosis evaluation in complex diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease. This will provide a foundation for the development of medicine of soft matter.
Memory care reduces nursing home admissions among assisted‐living residents with dementia
Authors: Cornell Portia Y. , Zhang Wenhan , Smith Lindsey , Rahman Momotazur , Grabowski David C. , Carder Paula , Thomas Kali S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe compare nursing‐home and hospital admissions among residents with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) in memory‐care assisted living to those in general assisted living.MethodsRetrospective study of Medicare beneficiaries with ADRD in large (>25 bed) assisted‐living communities. We compared admission to a hospital, to a nursing home, and long‐term (>90 day) admission to a nursing home between the two groups, using risk differences and survival analysis.ResultsResidents in memory‐care assisted living had a lower adjusted risk of hospitalization (risk difference = −1.8 percentage points [P = .014], hazard ratio = 0.93 [0.87–1.00]), a lower risk of nursing‐home admission (risk difference = −2.2 percentage points [P < .001], hazard ratio = 0.87 [−.79–0.95]), and a lower risk of a long‐term nursing home admission (risk difference = −1.1 percentage points [P < .001], hazard ratio = 0.71 [0.57–0.88]).DiscussionMemory care is associated with reduced rates of nursing‐home placement, particularly long‐term stays, compared to general assisted living.
The National Institute on Aging Late‐Onset Alzheimer's Disease Family Based Study: A resource for genetic discovery
Authors: Reyes‐Dumeyer Dolly , Faber Kelley , Vardarajan Badri , Goate Alison , Renton Alan , Chao Michael , Boeve Brad , Cruchaga Carlos , Pericak‐Vance Margaret , Haines Jonathan L. , Rosenberg Roger , Tsuang Debby , Sweet Robert A. , Bennett David A. , Wilson Robert S. , Foroud Tatiana , Mayeux Richard 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe National Institute on Aging Late‐Onset Alzheimer's Disease Family Based Study (NIA‐LOAD FBS) was established to study the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsRecruitment focused on families with two living affected siblings and a third first‐degree relative similar in age with or without dementia. Uniform assessments were completed, DNA was obtained, as was neuropathology, when possible. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes, genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, and sequencing was completed in most families.ResultsAPOE genotype modified the age‐at‐onset in many large families. Novel variants and known variants associated with early‐ and late‐onset AD and frontotemporal dementia were identified supporting an international effort to solve AD genetics.DiscussionThe NIA‐LOAD FBS is the largest collection of familial AD worldwide, and data or samples have been included in 123 publications addressing the genetic etiology of AD. Genetic heterogeneity and variability in the age‐at‐onset provides opportunities to investigate the complexity of familial AD.
Lower serum testosterone concentrations are associated with a higher incidence of dementia in men: The UK Biobank prospective cohort study
Authors: Marriott Ross J. , Murray Kevin , Flicker Leon , Hankey Graeme J. , Matsumoto Alvin M. , Dwivedi Girish , Antonio Leen , Almeida Osvaldo P. , Bhasin Shalender , Dobs Adrian S. , Handelsman David J. , Haring Robin , O'Neill Terence W. , Ohlsson Claes , Orwoll Eric S. , Vanderschueren Dirk , Wittert Gary A. , Wu Frederick C.W. , Yeap Bu B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe association of testosterone concentrations with dementia risk remains uncertain. We examined associations of serum testosterone and sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) with incidence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease.MethodsSerum total testosterone and SHBG were measured by immunoassay. The incidence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) was recorded. Cox proportional hazards regression was adjusted for age and other variables.ResultsIn 159,411 community‐dwelling men (median age 61, followed for 7 years), 826 developed dementia, including 288 from AD. Lower total testosterone was associated with a higher incidence of dementia (overall trend: P = .001, lowest vs highest quintile: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13‐1.81), and AD (P = .017, HR = 1.80, CI = 1.21‐2.66). Lower SHBG was associated with a lower incidence of dementia (P < .001, HR = 0.66, CI = 0.51‐0.85) and AD (P = .012, HR = 0.53, CI = 0.34‐0.84).DiscussionLower total testosterone and higher SHBG are independently associated with incident dementia and AD in older men. Additional research is needed to determine causality.
Biosensing with Fluorescent Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Ackermann Julia , Metternich Justus T. , Herbertz Svenja , Kruss Sebastian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiosensors are powerful tools for modern basic research and biomedical diagnostics. Their development requires substantial input from the chemical sciences. Sensors or probes with an optical readout, such as fluorescence, offer rapid, minimally invasive sensing of analytes with high spatial and temporal resolution. The near‐infrared (NIR) region is beneficial because of the reduced background and scattering of biological samples (tissue transparency window) in this range. In this context, single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have emerged as versatile NIR fluorescent building blocks for biosensors. Here, we provide an overview of advances in SWCNT‐based NIR fluorescent molecular sensors. We focus on chemical design strategies for diverse analytes and summarize insights into the photophysics and molecular recognition. Furthermore, different application areas are discussed—from chemical imaging of cellular systems and diagnostics to in vivo applications and perspectives for the future.
Accessing Highly Efficient Photothermal Conversion with Stable Open‐Shell Aromatic Nitric Acid Radicals
Authors: Wang Zejun , Zhou Jiawen , Zhang Yiheng , Zhu Weiya , Li Yuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIt is very challenging to prepare stable radicals as they are usually thermodynamically or kinetically unstable in air. Herein, a series of star‐shaped aromatic nitric acid radicals were prepared via facile demethylation and consequent oxidation. As phenol radicals without steric hindrance group protection, they exhibit high electrochemical and thermal stability due to their rich resonance structures including closed‐shell nitro‐like and open‐shell nitroxide structure with unpaired electrons delocalized in conjugated backbones. Among them, TPA‐TPA‐O6 powder exhibited extremely wide absorption from 300 to 2000 nm covering the whole solar spectral irradiance, high photothermal conversion efficiency, and negligible photobleaching effect in seawater desalination. Under the irradiation of one sunlight, the water evaporation efficiency of TPA‐TPA‐O6 is recorded to be as high as 89.41 % and the water evaporation rate is 1.293 kg m−2 h−1, which represents the top performance in pure organic small molecule photothermal materials.
Preclinical assessment of Alzheimer's disease using novel designed 99mTc‐labeled RGD‐based pro‐apoptotic cyclic peptide as a promising SPECT agent
Authors: Rizvi Syed Faheem Askari , Ahmad Munir , Munib Farzana , Zhang Haixia 
Published: January 2022

The increased prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and glioma results in increased risks to abolish the healthy life. This is because of inducing alternation causes into the intracellular compartment as well as noncell compartments. Therefore, herein, a simple and facile radiosynthesis strategy was employed for the development of a novel 99mTc (t1/2 = 6 h, Er = 140 keV) labeled diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) conjugated cyclic heptapeptide (99mTc‐DTPA‐c[RGDKLAK]; cPT). The radiotracer was characterized using various analytical techniques to evaluate the identity, radiolabeling, biocompatibility, in vitro stability, and amenability for preclinical use. The biological specificity and efficacy of the radiolabeled cyclic peptide analog were confirmed by in vivo biodistribution and single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies in Alzheimer disease (AD)‐induced animal models. The results demonstrated that 99mTc(CO)3‐DTPA‐cPT showed high radioactivity concentration at the site of αvβ3, α5β1‐integrins expressing brain regions while decreasing radioactivity levels in kidneys and increasing urinary bladder over the period of 3 h suggested the renal clearance route of the radiotracer. The diagnostic outcomes obtained from planar SPECT study are consistent with that of the biodistribution study with a target‐to‐nontarget ratio (T/NT = 28.47 ± 2.53) at 3‐h postinjection. The results are surprisingly supportive to our hypothesis that the small cyclic peptide‐based radiotracer is well‐oriented towards targeted drug delivery and envisaged that our proposed radiotracer 99mTc(CO)3‐DTPA‐cPT has potential diagnostic applications for Alzheimer's disease as a novel SPECT agent.
Catalyst‐free reprocessable crosslinked biobased polybenzoxazine‐polyurethane based on dynamic carbamate chemistry
Authors: Wen Zhibin , Bonnaud Leïla , Dubois Philippe , Raquez Jean‐Marie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe introduction of dynamic covalent chemistry into the field of polymer chemistry has resulted in a new class of network polymer materials named covalent adaptable networks (CANs). These new materials have effectively bridged two antagonistic materials, that is, conventional thermoplastic and thermoset polymers together, thanks to these dynamic exchangeable covalent bonds, making them recyclable. In this work, we report a catalyst‐free reprocessable polybenzoxazine‐polyurethane thermosetting system with activation of carbamate dynamic bond exchange. The curing characteristics and properties of this biobased polybenzoxazine‐polyurethane network have been determined by Fourier transform infra‐red (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMA). Moreover, the tests of the recyclability of the material were successfully achieved under mild reprocess conditions (130°C, 10 min) thanks to the formation of abundant free phenolic hydroxyl groups. This work provides a promising potential for industrial applications as a new recyclable and reprocessable thermosetting polybenzoxazine material.
Modeling and Experimental Study of a Remote Microwave Plasma Source for High‐Rate Etching
Authors: Pauly Steffen , Schulz Andreas , Walker Matthias , Gorath Moritz , Baumgärtner Klaus , Tovar Günter E. M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate and optimize a remote microwave plasma source (RMPS) concerning the etching rate, the etching rate distribution, and to simplify its setup to save production costs. A finite element method (FEM) based model of the RMPS was developed to investigate microwave coupling into the plasma chamber and microwave field distribution. The simulations at ignition conditions were compared with the calculated electric field distribution and the experimentally determined electric field. The simulations at operating conditions were validated visually through photographs of the plasma. Also, the etching depth on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) substrates was measured with a contact profilometer and normalized with etching time to etching rate.
A Photostable 1D Ruthenium−Zinc Coordination Polymer as a Multimetallic Building Block for Light Harvesting Systems
Authors: Hennessey Seán , Burke Christopher S. , González‐Gómez Roberto , Sensharma Debobroto , Tong Wenming , Amal  , Kathalikkattil Cherian , Cucinotta Fabio , Schmitt Wolfgang , Keyes Tia E. , Farràs Pau 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA luminescent ruthenium complex bearing two 2,6‐di(quinolin‐8‐yl)‐pyridine carboxylic acid (dqpCOOH) ligands has been successfully synthesised and fully characterised. The new metalloligand has been coordinated to zinc ions through the terminal carboxylate groups using a one‐step solvothermal method, to give a multimetallic photoactive 1D coordination polymer, Ru−(dqpCOO)−Zn−(OOCH)2. Through use of X‐ray crystallography, advanced microscopy techniques as well as photophysical studies, we have extensively characterised the coordination polymer. The optical properties of the ruthenium complex and corresponding coordination polymer show that the material experiences a dramatic increase in photostability compared to the free parent metalloligand, in solution. Electrochemical measurements of the coordination polymer also confirm the RuII/RuIII redox couple is maintained in the polymeric network. The development of this material gives a new strategy in the design of novel photoactive materials as multimetallic building blocks for their use in light‐based applications.
Second‐Harmonic Generation via Nonlinear Raman–Nath Diffraction in an Optical Fibonacci Superlattice
Authors: Chen Yesheng , Liu Yongxing , Zhao Ruwei , Xu Tianxiang , Sheng Yan , Xu Tiefeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNonlinear Raman–Nath diffraction is an effective method for frequency conversion in the presence of phase mismatch. In a structure featuring periodically modulated quadratic nonlinearity, the available frequency‐doubled patterns generated from nonlinear Raman–Nath diffraction constitute uniformly spaced points due to the one parametric decided reciprocal lattice vectors. Herein, nonlinear Raman–Nath second‐harmonic generation from the optical Fibonacci superlattice is theoretically investigated, and a propagation equation that describes the properties of frequency‐doubled waves is presented. Abundant diffraction peaks that are substantially more varied than the traditional Raman–Nath regime are observed. The dependence of the generated second‐harmonic signals on the structural parameters and fundamental laser performance is also comprehensively discussed.
Rainfall, neighbors, and foraging: The dynamics of a population of red harvester ant colonies 1988–2019
Authors: Sundaram Mekala , Steiner Erik , Gordon Deborah M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractChanging climatic conditions are shaping how density mediates resource competition. Colonies of the seed‐eating red harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex barbatus, live for about 30 years in desert grassland. They compete with conspecific neighbors for foraging area in which to search for seeds. This study draws on a long‐term census of a population of about 300 colonies from 1988 to 2019 at a site near Rodeo, New Mexico, USA. Rainfall was high in the first decade of the study, and then declined as a severe drought began in about 2001–2003. We examine the effects on colony survival and recruitment of the spatial configuration of the local neighborhood of conspecific neighbors, using Voronoi polygons as a measure of a colony's foraging area, and consider how changing rainfall influences the effects of local neighborhoods. The results show that a colony's chances of surviving to the next year depend on its age and on the foraging area available in its local neighborhood. Recruitment, measured as a founding colony's chance of surviving to be 1 year old, depends on rainfall. In the earlier years of the study, when rainfall was high, colony numbers increased, and then began to decline after about 1997–1999, apparently due to crowding. As rainfall decreased, beginning in about 2001–2003, recruitment declined, and so did colony survival, leading to a trend toward earlier colony death which was most pronounced in 2016. As rainfall declined, apparently decreasing food availability, more foraging area was needed to sustain a colony: although the number of colonies declined, the impact of crowding by intraspecific neighbors increased. These processes maintain overdispersion on the scale of about 8 m, with transient clustering at larger spatial scales. In addition, other factors besides crowding, such as the colony's regulation of foraging activity to manage water loss, appear to contribute to a colony's survival. The adaptive capacity for selection on the collective behavior that regulates foraging activity may determine how the population responds to ongoing climate change and drought.
Modulating the lateral migration of a gravel bed channel using the coarse tail of the bed material distribution
Authors: Eaton Brett C. , MacKenzie Lucy G. , Tatham Caitlin 
Published: January 2022

SummaryMost stream channels around the world have been, to some extent, laterally constrained by non‐erodible banks constructed of concrete or large angular boulders (called riprap). These lateral constraints generally have a negative impact on aquatic ecosystems by reducing stream channel complexity, and limiting the natural disturbance processes that are critical for renewing the physical habitat. In this paper, we test a novel approach to limiting stream channel instability by exploiting the stabilizing effects of the coarsest grains in the bed material distribution, which we call geomorphic river engineering. This approach modulates the rate of bank erosion rather than halting it altogether. It also exploits the geomorphic feedback between bank erosion, channel width, and mean boundary shear stress during a flood event to limit the potential for vertical incision into the stream bed. The basic premise of the geomorphic river engineering approach is to place the coarse sediment on the floodplain adjacent to the channel margins, and rely on bank erosion by the river to recruit the sediment, allowing the river to remain the architect of its own configuration. Our results suggest that the recruitment of a modest volume of coarse sediment to a coarse, gravel bed stream during a flood could potentially dramatically reduce the amount of lateral migration that would otherwise occur, and that the degree of stabilization could be modified by changing the volume of coarse sediment per unit area placed on the floodplain. More generally, our results confirm the fundamental role that the coarse tail of the bed material distribution plays in dictating the channel dynamics of gravel bed streams with cohesionless banks, and indicate the potential for future river stabilization projects to focus on the engineering that can be done by rivers, rather than to them.
Histological and biochemical effects of preventive and therapeutic vascular photobiomodulation on rat muscle injury
Authors: Lopez Talita Christine Camillo , Malavazzi Tainá Caroline dos Santos , Rodrigues Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro , Bach Erna Elisabeth , Silva Daniela Teixeira , Hi Edgar Matias Bach , França Cristiane Miranda , Bussadori Sandra Kalil , Mesquita‐Ferrari Raquel Agnelli , Fernandes Kristianne Porta Santos 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe intravascular or transcutaneous application of photobiomodulation (PBM) over blood vessels (vascular photobiomodulation, VPBM) has been used for the treatment of inflammatory and chronic conditions with promising systemic results. This study evaluated the VPBM effects on a model of muscle regeneration after acute injury and compared the outcomes of preventive and therapeutic VPBM. Transcutaneous VPBM was administered over the rat's main tail vein. Serum levels of creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate were evaluated and muscles were processed for macroscopic and microscopic analysis. Preventive and therapeutic VPBM led to decreased inflammatory infiltrate, edema, and myonecrosis but with an increase in immature muscle fibers. CK, AST, and lactate levels were lower in the groups treated with VPBM (lowest concentrations in preventive VPBM application). Preventive and therapeutic VPBM were capable of exerting a positive effect on acute muscle injury repair, with more accentuated results when preventive VPBM was administered.