bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The humoral immune response more than one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection: low detection rate of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies via Euroimmun ELISA
Authors: Paul Gregor , Strnad Philipp , Wienand Oliver , Krause Ursula , Plecko Thomas , Effenberger-Klein Anja , Giel Katrin Elisabeth , Junne Florian , Galante-Gottschalk Annette , Ehehalt Stefan , Jürgensen Jan Steffen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Antibody assays against SARS-CoV-2 are used in sero-epidemiological studies to estimate the proportion of a population with past infection. IgG antibodies against the spike protein (S-IgG) allow no distinction between infection and vaccination. We evaluated the role of anti-nucleocapsid-IgG (N-IgG) to identify individuals with infection more than one year past infection.

Methods
S- and N-IgG were determined using the Euroimmun enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in two groups: a randomly selected sample from the population of Stuttgart, Germany, and individuals with PCR-proven SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants were five years or older. Demographics and comorbidities were registered from participants above 17 years.

Results
Between June 15, 2021 and July 14, 2021, 454 individuals from the random sample participated, as well as 217 individuals with past SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mean time from positive PCR test result to antibody testing was 458.7 days (standard deviation 14.6 days) in the past infection group. In unvaccinated individuals, the seroconversion rate for S-IgG was 25.5% in the random sample and 75% in the past infection group (P = < 0.001). In vaccinated individuals, the mean signal ratios for S-IgG were higher in individuals with prior infection (6.9 vs 11.2; P = < 0.001). N-IgG were only detectable in 17.1% of participants with past infection. Predictors for detectable N-IgG were older age, male sex, fever, wheezing and in-hospital treatment for COVID-19 and cardiovascular comorbidities.

Conclusion
N-IgG is not a reliable marker for SARS-CoV-2 infection after more than one year. In future, other diagnostic tests are needed to identify individuals with past natural infection.
Online dilemma discussions as a method of enhancing moral reasoning among health and social care graduate students
Authors: Juujärvi Soile , Myyry Liisa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDilemma discussions have been proven to be one of the most effective methods to enhance students’ moral reasoning in ethics education. Dilemma discussions are increasingly arranged online, but research on the topic has remained sparse, especially in the context of continuing professional education. The aim of the present paper was to develop a method of dilemma discussions for professional ethics. The method was based on asynchronous discussions in small groups. Health and social care students raised work-related dilemmas from their experiences and discussed them in terms of professional values, ethical guidelines and theories. Participants in this quasi-experimental study were 87 first-term graduate students at a Finnish university of applied sciences. Health and social care students in two consecutive ethics courses constituted two experiment groups, whereas health and social care students and business students in other programmes served as control groups. Students filled in a Defining Issues Test (DIT2) at the beginning of their studies and three months apart. Statically significant increase in moral reasoning was evidenced for experiment group 2, when discussion groups were purportedly composed to maximise differences in initial levels of moral reasoning. Findings suggest that online dilemma discussions can advance students’ moral reasoning development, especially when students’ exposure to higher-level arguments is ensured through complementary means, such as instructions, examples and plenary discussions. Online real-life dilemma discussions may also serve other important goals of ethics education, especially acquiring ethical concepts, and they can promote other components of ethical decision making: ethical sensitivity and motivation, and acquisition of implementation skills.
Update männliche Harnröhrenrekonstruktion
Authors: Pohl Klara Konstanze , Ahyai Sascha 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Harnröhrenstriktur des Mannes ist eine pathologische Verengung der anterioren Harnröhre und ein häufiges urologisches Krankheitsbild. Sie ist in der westlichen Welt meist iatrogen oder idiopathisch bedingt. Betroffene Patienten geben in der Regel eine bedeutende Einschränkung der Lebensqualität an, welche mittels validierter Fragebögen prä- und postoperativ erhoben werden möchte. Die chirurgische Therapie wird abhängig von Ätiologie, Strikturlokalisation, -länge und -beschaffenheit, Voroperationen sowie individuellen Patientenwünschen gewählt. Die Therapiemöglichkeiten sind vielseitig, teils komplex und sollten allesamt von den behandelnden plastisch-rekonstruktiven ChirurgInnen beherrscht und an spezialisierten Zentren durchgeführt werden. Zu den endourologischen Therapiemöglichkeiten gehören die Harnröhrenbougierung und die Sichturethrotomie. Diese kommen grundsätzlich für einzelne, kurzstreckige primäre bulbäre Harnröhrenstrikturen oder segelförmige Strikturen ohne Spongiofibrose in Frage. Langstreckige, multilokuläre, komplexe, rezidivierende oder penile Harnröhrenstrikturen sollten bei gegebenem gutem Allgemeinzustand des Patienten einer offenen Harnröhrenrekonstruktion unterzogen werden. Zu den offen-chirurgischen Therapien gehören die End-zu-End-Anastomose, die Substitutionsharnröhrenplastik mit einem (Mundschleimhaut‑)Gewebstransplantat und die Rekonstruktion mittels Spalthauttransplantation (Meshgraft) oder als gestielte Lappenplastik. Eine perineale Urethrostomie (Boutonniere) ist eine Alternative für Patienten mit komplexen, vorwiegend penilen Harnröhrenstrikturen und insbesondere für Patienten geeignet, die sich keiner (weiteren) offenen Harnröhrenrekonstruktion unterziehen möchten oder können.
p-Arsanilic acid decontamination over a wide pH range using biochar-supported manganese ferrite material as an effective persulfate catalyst: Performances and mechanisms
Authors: Yao Bin , Chen Xia , Zhou Kun , Luo Zirui , Li Peipei , Yang Zihui , Zhou Yaoyu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDirect chemical oxidation and pure adsorption could not effectively remove p-Arsanilic acid (p-ASA) and the released inorganic arsenic. Herein, one novel biochar supported MnFe2O4 (MFB) was synthesized and adopted for p-ASA degradation and synchronous adsorption of the generated inorganic arsenic. The MFB/persulfate (PS) system could remain effective under a wide pH range (3.0–9.0), and the released arsenic could be removed simultaneously by MFB. Mechanism investigation revealed that the functional groups of MFB (i.e. O–C=O and C=O), Fe and Mn oxides on MFB all contributed to PS activation. O2·− and 1O2 were the main reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsible for p-ASA degradation, and 1O2 was the predominant ROS. Besides, the MFB possessed superior reusability. Therefore, it is expected to develop a potential method for organic arsenic contaminants removal via an oxidation-adsorption process, and the results could also shed light on the better understanding of the PS activation mechanisms.
Graphical Abstract
Review of technical achievements in PAL-XFEL
Authors: Kim Changbum , Park Sung-Ju , Min Chang-Ki , Hu Jinyul , Kim Sang-Hee , Joo Youngdo , Heo Hoon , Kim Dong-Eon , Lee Sojeong , Kang Heung-Sik , Ko In Soo , Chae Moonsik , Lee Jaehyun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe X-ray Free Electron Laser of Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL-XFEL) was opened for the user in 2017. PAL-XFEL was the third XFEL facility in the world and well known for the small timing jitter of FEL radiation. This success was possible because of the significant achievements in the accelerator technology in PAL-XFEL. They are not limited to a small part of the accelerator but cover from the injector for the electron beam generation to the undulator line for FEL radiation. In this review, we describe the details of newly developed devices that contributed to the successful construction of PAL-XFEL.
Bacterial-fungal interactions under agricultural settings: from physical to chemical interactions
Authors: Zhou Yaqi , Wang Hongkai , Xu Sunde , Liu Kai , Qi Hao , Wang Mengcen , Chen Xiaoyulong , Berg Gabriele , Ma Zhonghua , Cernava Tomislav , Chen Yun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBacteria and fungi are dominant members of environmental microbiomes. Various bacterial-fungal interactions (BFIs) and their mutual regulation are important factors for ecosystem functioning and health. Such interactions can be highly dynamic, and often require spatiotemporally resolved assessments to understand the interplay which ranges from antagonism to mutualism. Many of these interactions are still poorly understood, especially in terms of the underlying chemical and molecular interplay, which is crucial for inter-kingdom communication and interference. BFIs are highly relevant under agricultural settings; they can be determinative for crop health. Advancing our knowledge related to mechanisms underpinning the interactions between bacteria and fungi will provide an extended basis for biological control of pests and pathogens in agriculture. Moreover, it will facilitate a better understanding of complex microbial community networks that commonly occur in nature. This will allow us to determine factors that are crucial for community assembly under different environmental conditions and pave the way for constructing synthetic communities for various biotechnological applications. Here, we summarize the current advances in the field of BFIs with an emphasis on agriculture.
Endovascular Repair of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in COVID 19 Pandemic
Authors: Alrowaili Lubna , Balcazar Alvaro , Al Shammeri Owayed 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAbdominal aortic aneurysms are pathological dilatations of the abdominal aorta that occur because of unknown causes and are associated with cardiovascular risk factors excluding diabetes. Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms are catastrophic events with high mortality and morbidity. This case report describes successful management of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm treated with endovascular aortic repair through the bell-button technique, with a short hospital course.
Behaviour support for people with acquired brain injury within the National Disability Insurance Scheme: an Australian survey of the provider market
Authors: Bould Em , Sloan Sue , Callaway Libby 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and objectives:People with acquired brain injury (ABI) may experience behaviours of concern that require therapy services, including behaviour support. In Australia, the implementation of a National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) and development of the NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission, has led to significant changes to behaviour support workforce processes, and the way behaviour support is funded, regulated and delivered to people with ABI who are Scheme participants. The aim of this study was to explore the current and future provider market of professionals providing behaviour supports to Scheme participants who experience ABI.Method:An anonymous survey was designed and distributed via social media channels, an email listserv and professional association newsletters to professionals working within the NDIS in Australia. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.Results:One hundred and two surveys responses were analysed. A majority of professionals had an average understanding of the NDIS Quality and Safeguard Commission rules and policies on behaviour support. Responses to current and future registration as an NDIS Practitioner indicated the workforce gap could increase by between 17 and 26%. Respondents also raised concerns about the lack of training and experience of allied health professional students and graduates in addressing behaviours of concern. Responses to the open-ended question highlighted additional issues in the provision of behaviour support within the NDIS.Conclusions:This research highlighted the need for an NDIS behaviour support workforce strategy and supply-side market intervention to ensure a viable and sustainable workforce for people with ABI who need behaviour support.
Diurnal and Seasonal Characteristics of the Longitudinal Variations of Electron Densities in the Topside Ionosphere at Middle Latitudes
Authors: Su Fanfan , Wang Wenbin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ionosphere experiences strong diurnal and seasonal changes. The longitudinal variations of electron density (Ne) in the ionosphere at the middle latitudes also show strong diurnal and seasonal changes. In this paper, we use in situ Ne measurements from the DEMETER satellite and electron density profiles retrieved from the COSMIC data to study the local time (LT) and seasonal dependence of the longitudinal variations of topside Ne at middle latitudes during 2007–2009. With regard to the diurnal trend, the reversal phase of longitudinal peaks/valleys of topside Ne with a 12 hr interval occurred in less than half of the cases, and there were less cases with eastward phase shift of the longitudinal variations of topside Ne with LT in winter than those in other seasons. The seasonal trends of transition longitudes of topside Ne might be westward from winter to summer and eastward from summer to winter in the daytime and in the opposite direction at night in both hemispheres in some cases and sometimes they were located within 20° of longitude at 52°N in other cases. The longitudinal peaks/valleys of hmF2 and/or NmF2 and the longitudinal peaks/valleys of topside Ne were within 30° of longitude in most cases at all local times, in all seasons, and in both hemispheres. Exceptions to this were independent of season or LT.
Transport of intensity diffraction tomography with non-interferometric synthetic aperture for three-dimensional label-free microscopy
Authors: Li Jiaji , Zhou Ning , Sun Jiasong , Zhou Shun , Bai Zhidong , Lu Linpeng , Chen Qian , Zuo Chao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe present a new label-free three-dimensional (3D) microscopy technique, termed transport of intensity diffraction tomography with non-interferometric synthetic aperture (TIDT-NSA). Without resorting to interferometric detection, TIDT-NSA retrieves the 3D refractive index (RI) distribution of biological specimens from 3D intensity-only measurements at various illumination angles, allowing incoherent-diffraction-limited quantitative 3D phase-contrast imaging. The unique combination of z-scanning the sample with illumination angle diversity in TIDT-NSA provides strong defocus phase contrast and better optical sectioning capabilities suitable for high-resolution tomography of thick biological samples. Based on an off-the-shelf bright-field microscope with a programmable light-emitting-diode (LED) illumination source, TIDT-NSA achieves an imaging resolution of 206 nm laterally and 520 nm axially with a high-NA oil immersion objective. We validate the 3D RI tomographic imaging performance on various unlabeled fixed and live samples, including human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, human hepatocyte carcinoma cell lines HepG2, mouse macrophage cell lines RAW 264.7, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), and live Henrietta Lacks (HeLa) cells. These results establish TIDT-NSA as a new non-interferometric approach to optical diffraction tomography and 3D label-free microscopy, permitting quantitative characterization of cell morphology and time-dependent subcellular changes for widespread biological and medical applications.
Modeling the impact of genetically modified male mosquitoes in the spatial population dynamics of Aedes aegypti
Authors: da Silva Monalisa R. , Lugão Pedro H. G. , Prezoto Fábio , Chapiro Grigori 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of diseases such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. Improving control techniques requires a better understanding of the mosquito’s life cycle, including spatial population dynamics in endemic regions. One of the most promising techniques consists of introducing genetically modified male mosquitoes. Several models proposed to describe this technique present mathematical issues or rely on numerous parameters, making their application challenging to real-world situations. We propose a model describing the spatial population dynamics of the Aedes aegypti in the presence of genetically modified males. This model presents some mathematical improvements compared to the literature allowing deeper mathematical analysis. Moreover, this model relies on few parameters, which we show how to obtain or estimate from the literature. Through numerical simulations, we investigate the impacts of environmental heterogeneity, the periodicity of genetically modified male releases, and released genetically modified males quantity on the population dynamics of Aedes aegypti. The main results point to that the successful application of this vector control technique relies on releasing more than a critical amount of modified males with a frequency exceeding a specific critical value.
Experimental and simulation analysis of biogas production from beverage wastewater sludge for electricity generation
Authors: Admasu Anteneh , Bogale Wondwossen , Mekonnen Yedilfana Setarge 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study assessed the biogas and methane production potential of wastewater sludge generated from the beverage industry. The optimization of the biogas production potential of a single fed-batch anaerobic digester was operated at different temperatures (25, 35, and 45 ℃), pH (5.5, 6.5, 7.5, 8.5, and 9.5), and organic feeding ratio (1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:6) with a hydraulic retention time of 30 days. The methane and biogas productivity of beverage wastewater sludge in terms of volatile solid (VS) and volume was determined. The maximum production of biogas (15.4 m3/g VS, 9.3 m3) and methane content (6.3 m3/g VS, 3.8 m3) were obtained in terms of VS and volume at 8.5, 35 ℃, 1:3 of optimal pH, temperature, and organic loading ratio, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum methane content (7.4 m3/g VS, 4.4 m3) and biogas production potential (17.9 m3/g VS, 10.8 m3) were achieved per day at room temperature. The total biogas and methane at 35 ℃ (30 days) are 44.3 and 10.8 m3/g VS, respectively, while at 25 ℃ (48 days) increased to 67.3 and 16.1 m3/g VS, respectively. Furthermore, the electricity-generating potential of biogas produced at room temperature (22.1 kWh at 24 days) and optimum temperature (18.9 kWh) at 40 days was estimated. The model simulated optimal HRT (25 days) in terms of biogas and methane production at optimum temperature was in good agreement with the experimental results. Thus, we can conclude that the beverage industrial wastewater sludge has a huge potential for biogas production and electrification.
Low SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers may be associated with poor clinical outcomes for patients with severe COVID-19
Authors: Takita Mumon , Yoshida Toru , Tsuchida Tomoya , Nakagama Yu , Kido Yasutoshi , Suzuki Shotaro , Imamura Mitsuru , Kawahata Kimito , Shimizu Goji , Yoshida Hideki , Morikawa Daiki , Kawaguchi Takeshi , Fujii Shuichi , Tsukuda Jumpei , Motohashi Takako , Fujitani Shigeki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecently, immune response to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has attracted attention where an association between higher antibody titer and worsening disease severity has been reported. However, our experiences with severe COVID-19 patients with low antibody titers led to hypothesizing that suppressed humoral immune response may be associated with poorer prognosis in severe COVID19. In this study, antibody titers in severe COVID19 patients were measured at 7, 10, 12, and 14 days after onset. Patients were divided into survivors and non-survivors. SARS-CoV-2 IgM in survivors and non-survivors were 0.06 AU and 0.02 AU (P = 0.048) at 10 days, 0.1 AU and 0.03 AU (P = 0.02) at 12 days, and 0.17 AU and 0.06 AU (P = 0.02) at 14 days. IgG in survivors and non-survivors were 0.01 AU and 0.01 AU (P = 0.04) at 7 days, 0.42 AU and 0.01 AU (P = 0.04) at 12 days, and 0.42 AU and 0.01 AU (P = 0.02) at 14 days. Multivariate analysis showed better survival among patients with IgM positivity at 12 days (P = 0.04), IgG positivity at 12 days (P = 0.04), IgM positivity at 14 days (P = 0.008), and IgG positivity at 14 days (P = 0.005). In severe COVID-19, low antibody titers on days 12 and 14 after onset were associated with poorer prognosis.
Flexible protein database based on amino acid k-mers
Authors: Déraspe Maxime , Boisvert Sébastien , Laviolette François , Roy Paul H , Corbeil Jacques 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIdentification of proteins is one of the most computationally intensive steps in genomics studies. It usually relies on aligners that do not accommodate rich information on proteins and require additional pipelining steps for protein identification. We introduce kAAmer, a protein database engine based on amino-acid k-mers that provides efficient identification of proteins while supporting the incorporation of flexible annotations on these proteins. Moreover, the database is built to be used as a microservice, to be hosted and queried remotely.
Dietary emulsifier consumption alters gene expression in the amygdala and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in mice
Authors: Arnold Amanda R. , Chassaing Benoit , Pearce Bradley D. , Huhman Kim L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDietary emulsifier consumption promotes systemic low-grade inflammation, metabolic deregulation, and possibly an anxiety-like phenotype. The latter finding suggests that dietary emulsifiers impact brain areas that modulate stress responses. The goal of the current study was to test whether emulsifier consumption is associated with changes in gene expression in the amygdala and the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), two brain areas that are involved in behavioral and neuroendocrine responses to stress. Using RNA-Seq, we compared groups consuming either carboxymethylcellulose or polysorbate 80 for 12-weeks. A total of 243 genes were differentially expressed in the amygdala and PVN of emulsifier-treated mice compared to controls. There was minimal overlap of differentially expressed genes in CMC- and P80-treated animals, suggesting that each emulsifier acts via distinct molecular mechanisms to produce an anxiety-like phenotype. Furthermore, gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed that various stress, metabolic, and immune terms and pathways were altered by emulsifiers. These findings are the first to demonstrate that emulsifier consumption changes gene expression in brain regions that are critical for stress responding, providing possible molecular mechanisms that may underly the previously observed anxiety-like phenotype.