bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving High Thermoelectric Performance in Severely Distorted YbCd2Sb2
Authors: Zhang Zongwei , Yao Honghao , Wang Qi , Xue Wenhua , Wang Yumei , Yin Li , Wang Xinyu , Li Xiaofang , Chen Chen , Sui Jiehe , Lin Xi , Chen Yue , Liu Xingjun , Mao Jun , Xie Guoqiang , Zhang Qian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlloying scattering of phonons is particularly effective in reducing the thermal conductivity. The alloying model considers the mass and strain fluctuations but the substitutional atoms are assumed to be positioned at the ideal lattice point, i.e., without lattice distortion. In the real case, the existence of the lattice distortion in the alloy is inevitable, and it should have an additional contribution to the phonon scattering. Such an effect, however, is usually ignored and can be partially ascribed to the difficulty of experimentally identifying and quantifying the lattice distortion. In this work, significant distortion of the crystal lattice is directly observed by the scanning transmission electron microscopy in YbCd2Sb2 with multiple elements alloying. These results show that the plane distance of adjacent Ytterbium atoms along the direction b fluctuates in the range between 0.34 and 0.46 nm, a distortion from ≈−11.7% to ≈16.0%. The lattice distortion plays a remarkable role in phonon scattering and substantially reduces the lattice thermal conductivity to ≈0.45 Wm–1 K–1 at 700 K. As a result, a peak zT of ≈1.4 is achieved in (Yb0.9Mg0.1)Cd1.2Mg0.4Zn0.4Sb2. These results indicate that tuning the lattice distortion can be a promising strategy for enhancing thermoelectric performance.
Dual‐Mode Switching E‐Paper by Negative Electrorheological Fluid with Reversible Silica Networks
Authors: Yang MingYang , Liu Guangyou , Zeng Zheng , Zhang Shuhao , Liu Jie , Qin Zong , Chen Zhihe , Yang Bo‐Ru 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHuman–machine interaction will be revolutionarily different in the future Internet of Things (IoT) environments. Many displays will be adopted onto electronic devices to enhance human–device communication, even under a very bright sunlight ambience. Thus, power consumption and sunlight visibility are important attributes for this application. Electrophoretic displays (EPDs) have the inherent advantages of ultra‐low power consumption and high sunlight visibility, which are perfectly suitable for IoT applications. The low power consumption resulted from the balance of viscosity, gravity, and other complicated forces involved in the electrophoretic dispersion. This force balance is generally termed “bistability,” meaning the particle‐packing can be stable without external power at black and white image states. However, good bistability implies a slow image updating rate, significantly degrades users’ experience. In this work, a 3D network structure that undergoes disruption and reorganization with the particles’ movement is utilized in the electrophoretic ink dispersion. Dynamic viscosity modulation enables the bistable and fast‐response dual‐working modes. The newly developed design can increase the response speed of EPDs by a factor of 2.38, simultaneously maintaining the bistability. The electronic ink with this reversible network provides a promising solution for the future video‐rate e‐paper displays.
Designable Multiple Structural Colors Using Alkaline Periodate Oxidated Cellulose Nanocrystals and Gold Nanorods
Authors: Xu Dan , Song Qun , Wu Chenchen , Zhang Kai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStructural colors originating from ordered microstructures are popularly applied due to their versatile intrinsic advantages compared to dyes/pigments. Since the emergence of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) via alkaline periodate oxidation (PO‐CNCs) in 2019, here, their great potential as one‐dimensional nanomaterials for tunable optical materials combining with gold nanorods (GNRs) for the first time is demonstrated. The hybrid nanocomposite films with embedded and well‐organized PO‐CNCs and/or GNRs were prepared from hydrogel precursors after uniaxial stretching and air drying. In comparison with the solitary films containing pristine PO‐CNCs or GNRs, the birefringence of PO‐CNCs and surface plasmon resonance of GNRs synergistically expands the resulting color space. Based on their contributions, the solitary films containing only PO‐CNCs or GNRs can be stacked for widely spanning structural colors, such as red, green, and blue colors. Moreover, the relative angle between the stacked films can also be varied to manipulate the structural colors, providing a flexible method to construct designable optical materials. In brief, this study provides a general strategy for combining PO‐CNCs and GNRs into a novel series of nanocomposite materials and demonstrates their promising application potential in optics.
Silver‐Bismuth Based 2D Double Perovskites (4FPEA)4AgBiX8 (X = Cl, Br, I): Highly Oriented Thin Films with Large Domain Sizes and Ultrafast Charge‐Carrier Localization
Authors: Hooijer Rik , Weis Andreas , Biewald Alexander , Sirtl Maximilian T. , Malburg Julian , Holfeuer Rico , Thamm Simon , Amin Amir Abbas Yousefi , Righetto Marcello , Hartschuh Achim , Herz Laura M. , Bein Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) hybrid double perovskites are a promising emerging class of materials featuring superior intrinsic and extrinsic stability over their 3D parent structures, while enabling additional structural diversity and tunability. Here, we expand the Ag–Bi‐based double perovskite system, comparing structures obtained with the halides chloride, bromide, and iodide and the organic spacer cation 4‐fluorophenethylammonium (4FPEA) to form the n = 1 Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) phases (4FPEA)4AgBiX8 (X = Cl, Br, I). We demonstrate access to the iodide RP‐phase through a simple organic spacer, analyze the different properties as a result of halide substitution and incorporate the materials into photodetectors. Highly oriented thin films with very large domain sizes are fabricated and investigated with grazing incidence wide angle X‐ray scattering, revealing a strong dependence of morphology on substrate choice and synthesis parameters. First‐principles calculations confirm a direct band gap and show type Ib and IIb band alignment between organic and inorganic quantum wells. Optical characterization, temperature‐dependent photoluminescence, and optical‐pump terahertz‐probe spectroscopy give insights into the absorption and emissive behavior of the materials as well as their charge‐carrier dynamics. Overall, we further elucidate the possible reasons for the electronic and emissive properties of these intriguing materials, dominated by phonon‐coupled and defect‐mediated polaronic states.
Infrared Localized Surface Plasmon with Curved Electron Trajectory
Authors: Liu Miao , Zhang Xinping , Mu Yunyun , Fu Yulan , Li Jiajun , Liu Yue , Hu Jingyun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe construction of 3D localized surface plasmons (LSPs) in infrared using curved gold nanoshell (AuNS) cylindrical ridges is reported, where the LSPs are found to be established through electronic oscillation in curved trajectories along the perimeter of the cross‐sectional profile of the AuNS cylindrical ridges. Such a design is equivalent to an extension of the electronic trajectory length or plasmonic electron‐oscillation distance by the curvature length and by the enhanced electronic scattering. Strong LSPs are measured for the transverse magnetic polarization perpendicular to the extending direction of the AuNS cylindrical ridges in the spectral range from 1.1 to beyond 2.5 µm, which are not observed for the transverse electric polarization. Such LSPs are strongly dependent on the perimeter length, the curvature angle, and the thickness of AuNSs. The corresponding mechanisms are verified convincingly by both the experimental and theoretical results. These discoveries explore new approaches to designing plasmonic devices in the infrared using nanoscale structures. The 3D scheme with large modulation depth not only facilitates equivalent extending of the dimensions of the metallic nanostructures, but also enlarges interaction volume between plasmons and molecules, implying applications of them in micro‐/nano‐cavity lasers, sensors, or optoelectronic devices based on plasmonic enhancement.
A Review on Photothermal Conversion of Solar Energy with Nanomaterials and Nanostructures: From Fundamentals to Applications
Authors: Cheng Pengfei , Wang Dong , Schaaf Peter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSolar energy is a green, sustainable, and de facto inexhaustible energy source for mankind. The conversion of solar energy into other forms of energy has attracted extensive research interest due to climate change and the energy crisis. Among all the solar energy conversion technologies, photothermal conversion of solar energy exhibits unique advantages when applied for water purification, desalination, high‐temperature heterogeneous catalysis, anti‐bacterial treatments, and deicing. In this review, the various photothermal conversion mechanisms based on different forms of heat release are summarized and some of the latest examples are presented. In addition, the necessary prerequisites for solar‐driven photothermal materials toward their practical applications are also discussed. Further, the latest advances in photothermal conversion of solar energy are discussed, focusing on different types of photothermal applications. Finally, a summary is given and the challenges and opportunities in the photothermal conversion of solar energy are presented. This review aims to give a comprehensive understanding of emerging solar energy conversion technologies based on the photothermal effect, especially by using nanomaterials and nanostructures.
A Transfer Learning‐Based Method for Facilitating the Prediction of Unsteady Crystal Growth
Authors: Dang Yifan , Kutsukake Kentaro , Liu Xin , Inoue Yoshiki , Liu Xinbo , Seki Shota , Zhu Can , Harada Shunta , Tagawa Miho , Ujihara Toru 
Published: July 2022

AbstractReal‐time prediction and dynamic control systems that can adapt to an unsteady environment are necessary for material fabrication processes, especially crystal growth. Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of machine learning in predicting an unsteady crystal growth process, but its wider application is hindered by the large amount of training data required for sufficient accuracy. To address this problem, this study investigates the capability of transfer learning to predict geometric evolution in an unsteady silicon carbide (SiC) solution growth system based on a small amount of data. The performance of transferred models is discussed regarding the effect of the transfer learning method, training data amount, and time step length. The transfer learning strategy yields the same accuracy as that of training from scratch but requires only 20% of the training data. The accuracy is stably inherited through successive time steps, which demonstrates the effectiveness of transfer learning in reducing the required amount of training data for predicting evolution in an unsteady crystal growth process. Moreover, the transferred models trained with relatively more data (no more than 100%) further improve the accuracy inherited from the source model through multiple time steps, which broadens the application scope of transfer learning.
Ultrascalable Surface Structuring Strategy of Metal Additively Manufactured Materials for Enhanced Condensation
Authors: Ho Jin Yao , Rabbi Kazi Fazle , Khodakarami Siavash , Sett Soumyadip , Wong Teck Neng , Leong Kai Choong , King William P , Miljkovic Nenad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetal additive manufacturing (AM) enables unparalleled design freedom for the development of optimized devices in a plethora of applications. The requirement for the use of nonconventional aluminum alloys such as AlSi10Mg has made the rational micro/nanostructuring of metal AM challenging. Here, the techniques are developed and the fundamental mechanisms governing the micro/nanostructuring of AlSi10Mg, the most common metal AM material, are investigated. A surface structuring technique is rationally devised to form previously unexplored two‐tier nanoscale architectures that enable remarkably low adhesion, excellent resilience to condensation flooding, and enhanced liquid–vapor phase transition. Using condensation as a demonstration framework, it is shown that the two‐tier nanostructures achieve 6× higher heat transfer coefficient when compared to the best filmwise condensation. The study demonstrates that AM‐enabled nanostructuring is optimal for confining droplets while reducing adhesion to facilitate droplet detachment. Extensive benchmarking with past reported data shows that the demonstrated heat transfer enhancement has not been achieved previously under high supersaturation conditions using conventional aluminum, further motivating the need for AM nanostructures. Finally, it has been demonstrated that the synergistic combination of wide AM design freedom and optimal AM nanostructuring method can provide an ultracompact condenser having excellent thermal performance and power density.
Optical Properties of Perovskite‐Organic Multiple Quantum Wells
Authors: Antrack Tobias , Kroll Martin , Sudzius Markas , Cho Changsoon , Imbrasas Paulius , Albaladejo‐Siguan Miguel , Benduhn Johannes , Merten Lena , Hinderhofer Alexander , Schreiber Frank , Reineke Sebastian , Vaynzof Yana , Leo Karl 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA comprehensive study of the optical properties of CsPbBr3 perovskite multiple quantum wells (MQW) with organic barrier layers is presented. Quantum confinement is observed by a blue‐shift in absorption and emission spectra with decreasing well width and agrees well with simulations of the confinement energies. A large increase of emission intensity with thinner layers is observed, with a photoluminescence quantum yield up to 32 times higher than that of bulk layers. Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) measurements show very low thresholds down to 7.3 µJ cm−2 for a perovskite thickness of 8.7 nm, significantly lower than previously observed for CsPbBr3 thin‐films. With their increased photoluminescence efficiency and low ASE thresholds, MQW structures with CsPbBr3 are excellent candidates for high‐efficiency perovskite‐based LEDs and lasers.
Synchronized, Spontaneous, and Oscillatory Detachment of Eukaryotic Cells: A New Tool for Cell Characterization and Identification
Authors: Yongabi Derick , Khorshid Mehran , Losada‐Pérez Patricia , Bakhshi Sichani Soroush , Jooken Stijn , Stilman Wouter , Theßeling Florian , Martens Tobie , Van Thillo Toon , Verstrepen Kevin , Dedecker Peter , Vanden Berghe Pieter , Lettinga Minne Paul , Bartic Carmen , Lieberzeit Peter , Schöning Michael J. , Thoelen Ronald , Fransen Marc , Wübbenhorst Michael , Wagner Patrick 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDespite the importance of cell characterization and identification for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, developing fast and label‐free methods without (bio)‐chemical markers or surface‐engineered receptors remains challenging. Here, we exploit the natural cellular response to mild thermal stimuli and propose a label‐ and receptor‐free method for fast and facile cell characterization. Cell suspensions in a dedicated sensor are exposed to a temperature gradient, which stimulates synchronized and spontaneous cell‐detachment with sharply defined time‐patterns, a phenomenon unknown from literature. These patterns depend on metabolic activity (controlled through temperature, nutrients, and drugs) and provide a library of cell‐type‐specific indicators, allowing to distinguish several yeast strains as well as cancer cells. Under specific conditions, synchronized glycolytic‐type oscillations are observed during detachment of mammalian and yeast‐cell ensembles, providing additional cell‐specific signatures. These findings suggest potential applications for cell viability analysis and for assessing the collective response of cancer cells to drugs.
Dynamic Alterations in the Respiratory Tract Microbiota of Patients with COVID‐19 and its Association with Microbiota in the Gut
Authors: Shen Yifei , Yu Fei , Zhang Dan , Zou Qianda , Xie Mengxiao , Chen Xiao , Yuan Lingjun , Lou Bin , Xie Guoliang , Wang Ruonan , Yang Xianzhi , Chen Weizhen , Wang Qi , Feng Baihuan , Teng Yun , Dong Yuejiao , Huang Li , Bao Jiaqi , Han Dongsheng , Liu Chang , Wu Wei , Liu Xia , Fan Longjiang , Timko Michael P. , Zheng Shufa , Chen Yu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe role of respiratory tract microbes and the relationship between respiratory tract and gut microbiomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) remain uncertain. Here, the metagenomes of sputum and fecal samples from 66 patients with COVID‐19 at three stages of disease progression are sequenced. Respiratory tract, gut microbiome, and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples are analyzed to compare the gut and respiratory tract microbiota of intensive care unit (ICU) and non‐ICU (nICU) patients and determine relationships between respiratory tract microbiome and immune response. In the respiratory tract, significantly fewer Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Atopobium, and Bacteroides are found in ICU than in nICU patients, while Enterococcus and Candida increase. In the gut, significantly fewer Bacteroides are found in ICU patients, while Enterococcus increases. Significant positive correlations exist between relative microbiota abundances in the respiratory tract and gut. Defensin‐related pathways in PBMCs are enhanced, and respiratory tract Streptococcus is reduced in patients with COVID‐19. A respiratory tract–gut microbiota model identifies respiratory tract Streptococcus and Atopobium as the most prominent biomarkers distinguishing between ICU and nICU patients. The findings provide insight into the respiratory tract and gut microbial dynamics during COVID‐19 progression, considering disease severity, potentially contributing to diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
Red Blood Cell Anchoring Enables Targeted Transduction and Re‐Administration of AAV‐Mediated Gene Therapy
Authors: Zhao Zongmin , Kim Jayoung , Suja Vinny Chandran , Kapate Neha , Gao Yongsheng , Guo Junling , Muzykantov Vladimir R. , Mitragotri Samir 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAdeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐mediated gene therapy is a promising therapeutic modality for curing many diseases including monogenic diseases. However, limited tissue‐targeting and restricted re‐administration due to the vector immunogenicity largely restrict its therapeutic potential. Here, using a red blood cell (RBC) as the carrier vehicle for AAV is demonstrated to improve its tissue‐targeted transduction and enable its re‐administration. Anchoring AAV to the RBC surface minimally affected its infectability toward endothelial cells. Meanwhile, AAV anchored onto RBCs is predominantly delivered to and shows efficient transduction in the lungs by virtue of the biophysical features of RBCs. RBC‐anchored AAVs lead to a four‐ to five‐fold enhancement in target gene expression in the lungsas compared to free AAVs following a single‐ or dual‐dosing regimen. While RBC anchoring does not prevent the induction of adaptive immune responses against AAV, it results in successful transgene expression upon re‐administration following prior AAV exposure. The ability to re‐administer is partially attributed to the delayed and reduced AAV neutralization by neutralizing antibodies, resulting from the combination of limited exposure of physically confined AAVs and the short time required to reach the lungs. This study's findings suggest that the RBC‐mediated approach is a promising strategy for repetitive, targeted AAV gene therapy.
Ultrafast Interfacial Self‐Assembly toward Supramolecular Metal‐Organic Films for Water Desalination
Authors: Zhang Zhao , Liu Chang , Zhang Huilin , Xu Zhi‐Kang , Ju Feng , Yu Chengbing , Xu Yuxi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSupramolecular metal‐organic materials are considered as the ideal candidates for membrane fabrication due to their excellent film forming characteristics, diverse metal centers and ligand sources, and designable structure and function. However, it remains challenging to rapidly construct highly permeable supramolecular metal‐organic membranes with high salt rejection. Herein, a novel ultrafast interfacial self‐assembly strategy to prepare supramolecular metal‐organic films through the strong coordination interaction between highly active 1,3,5‐triformylphloroglucinol (TFP) ligands and Fe3+, Sc3+, or Cu2+ at the organic–aqueous interface is reported. Benefiting from the self‐completing and self‐limiting characteristics of this interfacial self‐assembly, the new kind of supramolecular membrane with optimized composition can be assembled within 3.5 min and exhibits ultrathin, dense, defect‐free features, and thus shows an excellent water permeance (21.5 L m–2 h–1 bar–1) with a high Na2SO4 rejection above 95%, which outperforms almost all of the non‐polyamide membranes and commercially available nanofiltration membranes. This strong‐coordination interfacial self‐assembly method will open up a new way for the development of functional metal‐organic supramolecular films for high‐performance membrane separation and beyond.
Ultrathin and Ultrastrong Kevlar Aramid Nanofiber Membranes for Highly Stable Osmotic Energy Conversion
Authors: Ding Li , Xiao Dan , Zhao Zihao , Wei Yanying , Xue Jian , Wang Haihui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn ion‐selective membrane can directly convert the osmotic energy to electricity through reverse electrodialysis. However, developing an advanced membrane that simultaneously possesses high power density, excellent mechanical strength, and convenient large‐scale production for practical osmotic energy conversion, remains challenging. Here, the fabrication of ultrathin and ultrastrong Kevlar aramid nanofiber (KANF) membranes with interconnected three‐dimensional (3D) nanofluidic channels via a simple blade coating method is reported. The negatively charged 3D nanochannels show typical surface‐charge‐governed nanofluidic ion transport and exhibit excellent cation selectivity. When applied to osmotic energy conversion, the power density of the KANF membrane‐based generator reaches 4.8 W m–2 (seawater/river water) and can be further increased to 13.8 W m–2 at 328 K, which are higher than most of the state‐of‐the‐art membranes. Importantly, a 4‐µm‐thickness KANF membrane shows ultrahigh tensile strength (565 MPa) and Young's modulus (25 GPa). This generator also exhibits ultralong stability over 120 days, showing great potential in practical energy conversions.