bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise-induced modulation of the immune microenvironment in pre-clinical breast cancer models.
Authors: Wahlroos Sara , Portman Neil , Bonder Claudine , Hjorth Marit , Wilkinson Ashleigh , Hastings Jordan , Croucher David , Febbraio Mark , Gallego-Ortega David , Lim Elgene 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Backgound:
Exercise following a breast cancer diagnosis is known to improve outcomes. In multiple pre-clinical cancer models, exercise alone has shown to inhibit tumour growth. One of the suggested mechanisms for this benefit include exercise-induced recruitment and activation of anti-cancer immune cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of exercise on breast cancer tumour growth, the tumour immune microenvironment and tumour vasculature in vivo.
Methods
A triple negative breast cancer patient derived xenograft (PDX) in immunocopromised hosts and a transgenic MMTV-PyMT mouse mammary tumor model in immunocompetent hosts were used for this study. Mice were randomised to either exercise (running wheels) or sedentary controls (locked wheels), and tumour volume and survival measured. Tumours were harvested for immune cell and vascular changes, as well as cytokine analysis by immunohistochemistry and multiplex analysis respectively.
Results
Exercise improved median overall survival relative to controls in the PDX model (84 vs 33 days, p = 0.02), but did not affect tumour growth or survival in the MMTV-PyMT model. Proliferation (Ki67) and apoptosis (cleaved caspase 3) did not differ between the intervention arms in the PDX model. In contrast, apoptosis was significantly higher with exercise in the MMTV-PyMT model (p = 0.05). Exercise did not affect the extent of tumour vasculature or immune cell infiltration in the two models, but increased Th1-type cytokines such as INF-γ (p < 0.05) in the PDX model and reduced INF-γ (p < 0.001) in the MMTV-PyMT model compared with controls, in the absence of accelerated tumour growth.
Conclusion
Exercise-induced modulation of Th1-type cytokines was associated with median overall survival in the PDX model. In contrast, tumour growth was not impacted by exercise and no immunological changes were found in the immunocompetent MMTV-PyMT model.
Exceptionally well-preserved crocodilian coprolites from the Late Eocene of Northern Vietnam (Na Duong Formation) and their coproecological implications
Authors: Halaçlar Kazım , Rummy Paul , Liu Jia , Hunt Adrian , Do Truong Van , Nguyen Minh Trung , Deng Tao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Reconstructing the paleoenvironment of Na Duong Basin by using coproecology is significant in understanding the intensive prey-predator relationships, the tropic relationship and the ecosystem evolution within the paleo-locality. A total of 55 measurable coprolites (IVPP V 27941/1 till IVPP V 27491/55) and numerous coprolite fragments from Na Duong fossil site were examined in this study. The putative coprolites were assigned to a crocodilian producer. Ichnosystematic studies further erected a new ichnogenus and species, which is Crococopros naduongensis ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov. for IVPP V 27491/46, based on a set of derived characters. Apart from quantitative analyses, a multi-disciplinary approach was also utilised for biogeochemistry analyses. The study has provided a rare and unique snapshot into the past where we believe an ancient river or lake-like environment has most likely existed in Na Duong Basin and was dominated by crocodilian fauna. We deemed that the Na Duong food chain was indeed ideal and healthy for the survival of the crocodilian species during that particular period of time with sufficient food sources. In addition, the study showed tangible evidence of the richness of ichnofauna, fauna, flora, the suitable climate, and paleoenvironment that supported Na Duong Basin as a fossil-Lagerstätte of Southeast Asia.
Priming conditions shape breadth of neutralizing antibody responses to sarbecoviruses
Authors: Jia Janice , Tan Chee Wah , Cheng Samuel , Gu Haogao , Yeoh Aileen , Mok Chris Ka Pun , Wang Yanqun , Zhao Jincun , Leung Nancy , Cowling Benjamin , Poon Leo , Hui David , Wang Lin-Fa , Peiris Malik , Valkenburg Sophie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Vaccines that are broadly cross-protective against current and future SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) or across the sarbecoviruses subgenus remain a priority for public health. Virus neutralization is the best available correlate of protection. We used sera from cohorts of individuals vaccinated with two or three doses of RNA (BNT162b2) or inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavac or Sinopharm) vaccines with or without a history of previous SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV-1 (in 2003) infection, to define the magnitude and breath of cross-neutralization in a multiplex surrogate neutralization assay based on virus spike receptor binding domain of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC), SARS-CoV-2 related bat and pangolin viruses, SARS-CoV-1 and related bat sarbecoviruses. SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV-1 infection followed by BNT162b2 vaccine, Omicron BA.2 breakthrough infection following BNT162b2 vaccine or a third dose of BNT162b2 following two doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac elicited the highest and broadest neutralization across VOCs. Considering breadth and magnitude of neutralization across all sarbecoviruses, those infected with SARS-CoV-1 immunized with BNT162b2 outperformed all other combinations of infection and/or vaccination. These data may inform vaccine design strategies for generating broadly neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants or across the sarbecovirus subgenus.
Diagnostic Value of Expired Gas Analysis in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Saito Yuki , Obokata Masaru , Harada Tomonari , Kagami Kazuki , Murata Makoto , Sorimachi Hidemi , Kato Toshimitsu , Wada Naoki , Okumura Yasuo , Ishii Hideki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) may potentially differentiate heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) from noncardiac causes of dyspnea (NCD). While contemporary guidelines for HF recommend using CPET for identifying causes of unexplained dyspnea, data supporting this practice are limited. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of expired gas analysis to distinguish HFpEF from NCD.
Exercise stress echocardiography with simultaneous expired gas analysis was performed in patients with HFpEF (n=116) and those with NCD (n=112). Participants without dyspnea symptoms were also enrolled as controls (n=26). Exercise capacity was impaired in patients with HFpEF than in controls and those with NCD, evidenced by lower oxygen consumption (VO2), but there was a substantial overlap between HFpEF and NCD. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed modest diagnostic abilities of expired gas analysis data in differentiating individuals with HFpEF from the controls; however, none of these variables clearly differentiated between HFpEF and NCD (all areas under the curve<0.61). Expired gas analysis provided objective assessments of exercise capacity; however, its diagnostic value in identifying HFpEF among patients with symptoms of exertional dyspnea was modest.
GHRL as a Prognostic Biomarker Correlated With Immune Infiltrates and Progression of Precancerous Lesions in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Jin-yun , Liu Ding-Wei , Xie Yong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
ghrelin is a protein that regulate appetite and energy balance in the human body, which is encoded by the ghrelin prepropeptide gene (GHRL). GHRL is linked with carcinogenesis and immune regulation. However, the correlation of GHRL to prognosis and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in gastric cancer remains unclear.
Materials and methods
In this study, we assessed the transcriptional expression, protein expression, prognosis, different clinicopathological features and co-expressed genes about GHRL, the correlation between GHRL and tumor infiltration immune cells in GC patients based on the data published in the following databases: TIMER, GEPIA, GEO, UALCAN, TISIDB, Kaplan–Meier Plotter and HPA databases.
Results
We found that GHRL expression in GC samples was lower than in normal samples. However, sample type, cancer stage, and worse survival were correlated to high GHRL expression. We also found that the expression of GHRL in dysplasia was significantly lower than that in CNAG and in GC. A total of 10 hub genes were identified from the co-expressed genes, including GHRH, GHSR, CCK, GPR39, MBOAT4, UCN, LEP, INS, GH1 and IGF1. High GHRL expression was connected with immunomodulators, chemokines, and infiltrating levels of B cells, CD8 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in GC.
Conclusions
GHRL is a prognostic biomarker for GC patients, and it is correlated with progression of precancerous lesions in GC. It might lead to poor prognosis by regulating tumor immune microenvironment. Studies are important to explore therapeutic targeting GHRL in the future.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation drives polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cell response and efficiently attenuates experimental Sjögren Syndrome
Authors: Lu Liwei , Wei Yanxia , Peng Na , Deng Chong , Zhao Futao , Tian Jie , Tang Yuan , Yu Sulan , Chen Yacun , Xue Yu , Xiao Fan , Zhou Yingbo , Li Xiaomei , zou hejian , Rui Ke , Lin Xiang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are heterogeneous myeloid cell populations with immunosuppressive capacity, which contribute to immune regulation and tolerance induction. We previously reported impaired MDSC function in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and mice with experimental SS (ESS). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying MDSCs dysfunction remain largely unclear. In this study, we first found that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) was highly expressed by human and murine polymorphonuclear MDSCs (PMN-MDSCs). Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), a natural AhR ligand produced from dietary tryptophan, significantly promoted PMN-MDSC differentiation and their suppressive function on CD4+ T cells. In contrast, feeding tryptophan-free diet resulted in decreased PMN-MDSC response, a phenotype that could be reversed by IPA supplementation. The functional importance of PMN-MDSCs was demonstrated in ESS mice by cell-depletion approach. Notably, AhR expression was reduced in PMN-MDSCs during ESS development, while AhR antagonism resulted in exacerbated ESS pathology and dysregulated T effector cells, which could be phenocopied by tryptophan-free diet. Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4), a repressive transcription factor, was upregulated in PMN-MDSCs during ESS progression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed the binding capacity of IRF4 to the promoter region of AhR, while IRF4 deficiency markedly enhanced AhR-mediated PMN-MDSC responses. Furthermore, dietary supplementation of IPA markedly ameliorated salivary glandular pathology in ESS mice with restored MDSC immunosuppressive function. Together, our results identify a novel function of AhR in modulating PMN-MDSC response and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of targeting AhR for the treatment of pSS.
Imidazole-amino acids. Conformational switch under tautomer and pH change
Authors: Staś Monika , Najgebauer Piotr , Siodłak Dawid 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Azole rings, such as thiazole or oxazole occur in natural peptide and protein main chain as isosteric replacements of the amide group, incorporated into peptide chain by post-translational modification. Residues with imidazole seem to be another tool for the peptide-based drug design, due to their specific prototropic tautomeric as well as amphoteric properties. In this study, we proved that both tautomer and pH change can cause a conformational switch of the studied residues. The studies using the DFT method were conducted in an environment of increasing polarity (gas phase, chloroform, and water) for alanine (1–4) and dehydroalanine (5–8) with adjacent imidazole. The conformational maps (Ramachandram diagrams) are presented and the stability of possible conformations is discussed. The neutral forms of studied compounds, tautomers τ and π, adapt the conformations αRτ (φ, ψ = -75°, -114°) and C7eq (φ, ψ = -75°, 66°), respectively, which are stabilised by the internal N-H···O hydrogen bond. Their torsion angles ψ differ by about 180°, which results in a considerable impact on the peptide chain conformation. The cation form (3) adapts both these conformations, whereas the anion analogue (4) prefers the conformations C5 (φ, ψ ~ -165°, -178°) and β2 (φ, ψ ~ -165°, -3°), in which the N-H···N hydrogen bond is created. Dehydroamino acid analogues, the tautomers τ (5) and π (6) and anion form (8), have a strong tendency towards the conformations β2 (φ, ψ ~ -179°, 0°) and C5 (φ, ψ ~ -180°, 180°), stabilized by the N-H···N hydrogen bond and π-electron conjugation due to the presence of Cα sp2. The preferences of the protonated imidazolium form 7 depend on the environment. The imidazole ring, acting as a donor or acceptor of internal hydrogen bonds, has a profound effect on the type of conformation.
Perioperative effect analysis of a multidisciplinary cooperative nursing model in children with mitral valve malformation: A single-center prospective study
Authors: Lin Jianling , Chen Meihua , Chen Yanling , Liao Xiaoqin , Lin Yanjuan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Congenital mitral valve malformation is the presence of congenital lesions in the mitral valve structure that, if left untreated, will eventually induce cardiac insufficiency or even death. Moreover, its perioperative management n is especially challenging in children owing to their weak tolerance. Accordingly, this s study aimed to explore the clinical application of a multidisciplinary team cooperation model in children with congenital mitral valve malformation perioperatively. Methods: A multidisciplinary team of critical care, heart, rehabilitation, psychiatric, and nutrition specialist nurses was formed to develop a multidisciplinary work plan. The goal was to strengthen the perioperative observation of children with mitral valve deformity. The team handled the nutrition and management of patients, the observation and timely treatment of complications, provided psychiatric support, and implemented individualized nursing measures. Results: Mitral valve regurgitation (P <0.001) and pulmonary arterial pressure (P <0.001) were significantly lower in children with mitral valve malformation than in normal children, yet there were no serious complications or adverse psychiatric reactions in the former. Conclusion: This multidisciplinary cooperation model highlights the advantages of a multidisciplinary specialty and improves the comprehensive nursing quality of children with congenital mitral valve malformation.
Parsimonious Methodology for Synthesis of Silver and Copper Functionalized Cellulose
Authors: Patch David , O'Connor Natalia , Meira Debora , Scott Jennifer , Koch Iris , Weber Kela 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Metal nanomaterials, such as silver and copper, are often incorporated into commercial textiles to take advantage of their antibacterial and antiviral properties. In this study eight different methods were employed to synthesize silver, copper, and silver/copper functionalized cotton batting textiles. Using silver and copper nitrate as precursors, different reagents were used to initiate/catalyze the deposition of metal, including: (1) no additive, (2) sodium bicarbonate, (3) green tea, (4) sodium hydroxide, (5) ammonia, (6,7) sodium hydroxide/ammonia at a 1:2 and 1:4 ratio, and (8) sodium borohydride. The use of sodium bicarbonate as a reagent to reduce silver onto cotton has not been used previously in literature and was compared to established methods. All synthesis methods were performed at 80°C for one hour following textile addition to the solutions. The products were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis for quantitative determination of the metal content and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis for silver and copper speciation on the textile. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and size distribution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were used to further characterize the products of the sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, and sodium borohydride synthesis methods following ashing of the textile. For the silver treatment methods (1 mM Ag+), sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide resulted in the highest amounts of silver on the textile (8900 mg Ag/kg textile and 7600 mg Ag/kg textile) and for copper treatment (1 mM Cu+) the sodium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide/ammonium hydroxide resulted in the highest amounts of copper on the textile (3800 mg Ag/kg textile and 2500 mg Ag/kg textile). Formation of copper oxide was dependent on the pH of the solution, with 4 mM ammonia and other high pH solutions resulting in majority of the copper on the textile existing as copper oxide, with smaller amounts of ionic-bound copper.
Effect of Debittering Methods on the Minerals and Vitamins Composition of Sweet Orange Seeds Flour
Authors: Emojorho Ernest Eguono , Okonkwo Thomas Mmuoemene 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The study was carried out to determine the effect of debittering methods on the minerals, vitamin and amino acids composition of flours produced from orange seeds. The orange seeds were removed manually from sweet orange fruits, soaked in water for 12 hours and then boiled at 100 0C for 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min, respectively. The boiled seeds were dehulled manually, ground, and a portion defatted with absolute ethanol, milled and sieved and wheat flour used as a control. The flours were analyzed for minerals and vitamins composition. The orange seed flours contained 2.52 – 16.95 mg/100g vitamin B9, 0.00 – 1.33 mg/100g vitamin B12, 0.00 – 650.5 IU vitamin A, 2.77 – 26.34 mg/100g vitamin D, 0.00 – 35.3 mg/100g vitamin E, 0.0 – 1.81 mg/100g vitamin K, 0.06 – 0.11 mg/100g vitamin B1, 0.034 – 4.09 mg/100g vitamin B2, 0.38 – 3.20 mg/100g vitamin B3, 1.86 - 12.6 mg/100g vitamin B6. 124.44 – 241.48 mg/100g potassium, 23.14 – 79.9 mg/100g sodium, 0.011 – 0.05 mg/100g copper, 99.47 – 297.53 mg/100g magnesium, 0.52 – 35.63 mg/100g selenium, 0.2 – 1.55 mg/100g zinc, 0.20 – 1.55 mg/100g iron, 0.97 – 6.15 mg/100g manganese, 32.12 - 6.15 mg/100g phosphorus, 4.00 – 875.41 mg/100g calcium. Orange seed flours are a good source of minerals and vitamins. Blending orange seed flour with wheat flour will improved the mineral and vitamin content of the composite flour.
Groundwater Suitability for Irrigation Using Water Quality Indices Approach: Towards Water Resource Management
Authors: El-Magd Sherif Ahmed Abu , Sayed Ismael , Sabri Mohamed El , Abdo Mohamed Sayed , Farhat Hassan I. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In order to carry out this study between Abu Sweir and Abu Hammad, Ismalia, Egypt, fifty-two groundwater samples were collected. The data were collected to investigate the hydrochemistry and groundwater quality for agriculture purposes. Physio-chemical and water quality indices (WQI) have been used to determine groundwater suitability for irrigation. Among WQI’s used in the present work are; the sodium percent (%Na+), the salinity hazard, sodium hazard, the permeability index (PI), the residual sodium carbonate, (RSC), magnesium ratio (MR), and Kelly ratio (KR). However, the relationships between (Na + vs. Cl−) and (Na + vs. Ca2+ + Mg2+) suggest an ion exchange or silicate mineral weathering. Moreover, calculating derived chloro-alkaline indices reveal that more than ninety-six percent of the collected groundwater samples in the study sites exhibition exchange. Hydrogeochemical facies were evaluated through the Piper plot diagram, which showed that the groundwater collected samples are of sodium-potassium-chloride water type. Furthermore, the water quality index, (WQI), here was calculated and computed based on the integration of quality indices the in GIS platform. The applied approach explores a novel method for the implementation of weights, efficiency factors, and WQI in groundwater evaluation. The final outcomes considering the calculated and derived water quality parameters, it becomes apparent that most of the groundwater samples of the area are unsuitable for irrigation purposes. The resulted groundwater model in the study sites indicates that the groundwater is influenced by rock-water interaction and/ or seawater intrusion. Overall, the applied model of water quality gives an understanding of water quality assessment and evaluation for future development.
The progression and therapeutic outcome of ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid in a Mexican-mestizo population
Authors: Colorado-Zavala Maria F. , Ruiz-Lozano Raul E. , Hernandez-Camarena Julio C. , Rodriguez-Garcia Alejandro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To analyze the progression stage and therapeutic outcome of ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid (OMMP) in Mexican-mestizo patients. Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective study of OMMP patients. Ocular and extraocular manifestations, treatment, and visual acuity were recorded from all patients. Outcome measures, including inflammatory control at three months and disease progression, and recurrence were analyzed in patients who completed at least 6 months of follow-up time.Results: Forty-nine eyes from 25 patients (72% women) aged 67.2+11.1 years were initially included. At baseline, 2 (4.1%) eyes were classified as stage-I OMMP, whereas 11 (22.4), 34 (69.4%), and 2 (4.1%) eyes were classified as stages II, III, and IV, respectively. Twenty-seven eyes (14 patients) completed a follow-up time >6 months. Of those, 16 (59%) eyes achieved a complete response at three months under immunosuppressive therapy (IMT), 7 (26%) experienced stage progression, and 17 (63%) had at least one relapse. Mild disease activity (<2+ conjunctival inflammation) at baseline was significantly associated with achieving a complete response after 3 months of IMT (OR 18.0, 1.72–188.08). Systemic steroids were protective against disease relapse (OR 0.06, 0.01–0.60), whereas extraocular manifestations were identified as a risk factor for relapse (OR 10.13, 1.04–98.49). No associated factors with stage progression were found.Conclusions: We found that OMMP patients with extraocular manifestations had an increased risk of recurrent episodes of inflammation. Early and aggressive combined immunosuppression and a closer follow-up are necessary for these patients.
Effective COVID-19 Detection: A Deep Learning Approach based on the Combination of several modules
Authors: Allioui Hanane , Mourdi youssef , Sadgal Mohamed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
With the increasing number of covid-19 as well as care costs, chest diseases have gained increasing interest in several communities, particularly in medical fields and computer vision. Clinical and analytical exams are widely recognized techniques for supervising COVID-19 cases. However, strong detection tools can help avoid damage to chest tissues. Interpreting chest images is a time-consuming assignment with a great error level. Recently, advanced deep learning systems have effectively proved superior performance in numerous fields including chest image analysis. As these techniques have become more applied in disease detection, they still present challenging unfairness sensibility to identify aberrant values or areas in the human chest. The present work aims to automate the detection of damaged chest areas. Our method provides an important way to enhance the semantic segmentation process using combined potential deep learning modules to increase consistency. The findings of this study reveal the proof-of-principle for using several modules to strengthen the semantic segmentation modules for effective and truthful COVID-19 diagnosis.