bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and characteristics of referred pain in patients diagnosed with temporomandibular disorders according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Alketbi Nawal , Talaat Wael 
Published: September 2022

Background: Referred pain often complicates and delays the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Elaborating the prevalence and characteristics of TMD-associated referred pain as well as the distribution of referred pain in different TMD classes will significantly improve the diagnostic process. The objectives of the present study were to assess the prevalence and to evaluate the characteristics of referred pain associated with TMD diagnosed according to the DC/TMD. Methods: A total of 252 patients were evaluated using the DC/TMD Axes-I and –II assessment tools. Different modalities were used to treat the diagnosed TMD. Referred pain was diagnosed when the location of the perceived pain in response to palpation extended beyond the boundary of the structure that was examined. For pain locations that were perceived as deep, patients were asked to locate the surface of the area of pain. The result of the assessment was identified as positive if the patient described his perceived pain during the clinical examination as being familiar pain that was experienced in the same location in the last 30 days. Results: TMD-associated referred pain was recorded in 153 patients (60.7%). The most common referred pain location was the temporal area (45.2%), followed by the ear (42.1%). The referred pain was recorded in disc displacement with reduction with intermittent locking and myofascial pain with referral in all patients (100%). The proportion of patients with referred pain was significantly different between the different TMD diagnostic subgroups (P < 0.001). The recorded percentage of improvement in the referred pain following the treatment was 50.41% after 3 months and 56.65% after 6 months. Conclusions: Referred pain is a prominent feature of TMD. The prevalence of referred pain associated with TMD was 60.7%. A strong strength association between the different diagnostic subgroups and the presence of referred pain existed.
ACE2 expression in saliva of patients with COVID-19 and its association with Candida albicans and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Authors: Bachtiar Endang W , Bachtiar Boy M , Kusumaningrum Ardiana , Sunarto Hari , Soeroso Yuniarti , Sulijaya Benso , Apriyanti Efa , Theodorea Citra Fragrantia , Pratomo Irandi Putra , . Yudhistira , Efendi Defi , Razak Fathilah Abdul 
Published: September 2022

Background: A relationship between oral microbiota and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been extensively studied. However, the relationship between oral commensal flora and expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) remains to be established. In this observational study, we collected saliva from patients with COVID-19 and evaluated the relationship between ACE2 expression and Candida albicans as well as with selected gram-negative bacteria (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Veillonella parvula). We investigated how this may be directly or indirectly involved in oral dysbiosis in patients with COVID-19. Methods: We included 23 hospitalized patients admitted to Universitas Indonesia Hospital with PCR-confirmed COVID-19, with six healthy participants serving as controls. Saliva and tongue surface swabs were collected from patients with diabetes (DG) and without diabetes (NDG) and subject controls. Using quantitative PCR (qPCR) we assessed the mRNA expression of ACE2, the abundance of C. albicans, and the transcription levels of its biofilm-associated genes, agglutinin-like protein 3 (ALS3), hyphal wall protein 1 (HWP1), and yeast-form wall protein 1 (YWP1). We also counted the relative proportion of the three selected gram-negative oral bacteria in saliva. All analyses were performed to determine the relationship between ACE2 expression and C. albicans and gram-negative bacteria. Results: ACE2 mRNA expression was significantly higher in tongue swab samples than in saliva. However, no significant difference was observed between the patient groups. Conversely, DG patients had a significantly higher abundance of C. albicans in saliva compared to NDG patients and control group patients. The correlation and sensitivity/specificity relationship between ACE2 expression and C. albicans or the selected oral bacteria were also observed. Conclusions: The data show that ACE2 expression can be detected in saliva of patients with COVID-19 and its association with C. albicans and gram-negative oral bacteria might contribute toward developing an oral dysbiosis based predictor for prognosis of COVID-19 severity.
(Semi)automated approaches to data extraction for systematic reviews and meta-analyses in social sciences: A living review protocol
Authors: Legate Amanda , Nimon Kim 
Published: September 2022

Background: An abundance of rapidly accumulating scientific evidence presents novel opportunities for researchers and practitioners alike, yet such advantages are often overshadowed by resource demands associated with finding and aggregating a continually expanding body of scientific information. Across social science disciplines, the use of automation technologies for timely and accurate knowledge synthesis can enhance research translation value, better inform key policy development, and expand the current understanding of human interactions, organizations, and systems. Ongoing developments surrounding automation are highly concentrated in research for evidence-based medicine with limited evidence surrounding tools and techniques applied outside of the clinical research community. Our objective is to conduct a living systematic review of automated data extraction techniques supporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the social sciences. The aim of this study is to extend the automation knowledge base by synthesizing current trends in the application of extraction technologies of key data elements of interest for social scientists. Methods: The proposed study is a living systematic review employing a partial replication framework based on extant literature surrounding automation of data extraction for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Protocol development, base review, and updates follow PRISMA standards for reporting systematic reviews. This protocol is preregistered in OSF: (Semi)Automated Approaches to Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses in Social Sciences: A Living Review Protocol on August 14, 2022. Conclusions: Anticipated outcomes of this study include: (a) generate insights supporting advancement in transferring existing reliable methods to social science research; (b) provide a foundation for protocol development leading to enhancement of comparability and benchmarking standards across disciplines; and (c) uncover exigencies that spur continued value-adding innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration for the benefit of the collective systematic review community.
Job characteristics of a Malaysian bank’s anti-money laundering system and its employees’ job satisfaction
Authors: Kannan Rathimala , Reddiar Yonesh , Ramakrishnan Kannan , Eastaff Marrynal S , Ramesh Shobana 
Published: September 2022

Background: Banks and financial institutions are vulnerable to money laundering (ML) as a result of crime proceeds infiltrating banks in the form of significant cash deposits. Improved financial crime compliance processes and systems enable anti-ML (AML) analysts to devote considerable time and effort to case investigation and process quality work, thereby lowering financial risks by reporting suspicious activity in a timely and effective manner. This study uses Job Characteristics Theory (JCT) to evaluate the AML system through the job satisfaction and motivation of its users. The purpose of this study is to determine how satisfied AML personnel are with their jobs and how motivated they are to work with the system. Methods: This cross-sectional study used JCT to investigate the important elements impacting employee satisfaction with the AML system. The five core dimensions of the job characteristics were measured using a job diagnostic survey. The respondents were employees working in the AML department of a Malaysian bank, and the sample group was chosen using a purposive sampling approach. A total of 100 acceptable replies were gathered and analysed using various statistical approaches. A motivating potential score was generated for each employee based on five main job characteristics. Results: Findings revealed that five core job characteristics, namely, skill diversity, task identity, task importance, autonomy and feedback, positively influence the AML system employees’ job satisfaction. However, skill variety and autonomy are found to be low, which are reflected in the poor motivating potential score. Conclusion: This study examined the characteristics of the AML system and its users’ job satisfaction. Findings revealed that task significance is the most widely recognised characteristic, followed by feedback and task identity. However, there is a lack of skill variety and autonomy, which must be addressed to improve employee satisfaction with the AML system.
Risk of lowering mortality from the improvement of inflammatory markers and disease progression among moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19 patients using anticoagulant : a cross-sectional study from two second referral hospitals in Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Romadhon Pradana Zaky , Bintoro Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho , Suryantoro Satriyo Dwi , Asmarawati Tri Pudy , Nur Rosyid Alfian , Savitri Merlyna , Amrita Putu Niken Ayu , Diansyah Muhammad Noor , Prayoga Ami Ashariati , Windradi Choirina , Mahdi Bagus Aulia , Widiyastuti Krisnina Nurul , Novendrianto Dwiki , Agustin Esthiningrum Dewi , Alkaff Firas Farisi , Prahasanti Kartika , Dewanto Didi Darmahadi 
Published: September 2022

Background: To date, coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) has no definitive treatment. Thrombosis and hypercoagulation may occur in the advanced stage. Further study on how to use anticoagulants is still required to promote the best prognosis. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 110 moderate, 140 severe, and 81 critical patients receiving unfractioned heparin (UFH), low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), and fondaparinux was conducted. Data were collected from March 15th to August 31st 2020 at Universitas Airlangga and Husada Utama Hospital. A comparative study of white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), c-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), D-dimer, all-cause mortality rate, length of stay, and days of death among three severities of COVID-19 was done. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to determine the correlation between inflammatory state after anti-coagulant with patients’ mortality. Results: Two deaths occurred in moderate cases, 36 deaths in severe cases, and 70 deaths in critical cases on ventilators. On day 13, moderate and severe groups showed decreased WBC, neutrophils, NLR, CRP, and D-dimer (p < 0.05). NLR, CRP, and D-dimer (p<0.05) in critically ill and ventilated patients decreased. Day-13 evaluation revealed 32.73% decrease of inflammatory markers in moderate group; 32.86% in severe patients; and 16.05% in critically ill, ventilated patients. A significant correlation between day 13 inflammatory status with mortality was seen in moderate and critical cases with a ventilator (r=0.337; p< 0.05 and r=0.25; p 0.05). Inflammatory profile on day 6 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.36; p < 0.05) and day 13 ([aOR] = 4.15; p < 0.05) was associated with patients’ mortality. Conclusions: Anticoagulants in COVID-19 patients lower inflammation markers. Evaluating inflammatory status is essential to predict the mortality. Inflammatory markers on day 13, based on the severity of COVID-19 and comorbidities, were associated with mortality in moderate and critical cases.
Concept maps as a novel assessment tool in medical education
Authors: LOIZOU STELLA , Nicolaou Nicoletta , Pincus Bridget Anne , Papageorgiou Alexia , McCrorie Peter 
Published: September 2022

Background: Concept Maps (CMs) have been used in a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) setting as complementary tools to current educational techniques for enhancing medical student knowledge and critical thinking. We conducted a pilot study that used CMs in a PBL-setting to introduce a measure from the field of graph theory and investigate its usefulness as a means of CM quantitative quality assessment. Methods: Participants were first-year medical students with no or minor prior CM experience. All participants completed questionnaires (demographic information and assessment of learning style) to establish a baseline measure against which the change in clinical and critical thinking was assessed. They were asked to prepare CMs for three PBL cases, and following the submission of the CMs they completed semi-structured critical and clinical thinking questionnaires. A clinical expert also created corresponding “benchmark” CMs for comparison. Qualitative (Wordclouds) and quantitative (graph theory) analysis provided a summary of the key concepts and quantified the CM quality respectively, compared to the “benchmark” CMs. Results: It was found that graph-theoretical measures (graph density, modularity) were suitable for distinguishing between CMs that captured more in-depth knowledge, compared to CMs that contained simpler associations. Questionnaires also revealed that CMs helped students recall information, organize material in a concise manner, prepare better for their PBL session and provided a good revision tool. Conclusions: We have shown that a graph-theoretical approach to quantitative CM assessment is feasible using measures such as graph density and modularity.
The housing environment of participants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC): a resource for studies of influences on health
Authors: Ellis Genette , Iles-Caven Yasmin , Northstone Kate , Golding Jean 
Published: September 2022

Background: Early life environmental health exposures related to housing can have a significant impact on an individual’s physical and mental health and physical development. Housing exposures can fall into two main areas – a representation of social circumstances and physical conditions. Methods: During pregnancy and post-delivery, self-completion questionnaires concerning the housing environment were administered until the study offspring were aged 18 to the ALSPAC (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents & Children) study mothers and their partners. Data collected included types of housing, housing tenure, numbers of rooms in the home, whether shared or sole use of kitchen and indoor flushing toilet, household moves, Council Tax band, difficulties in affording rent/mortgage and becoming homeless. Here we also describe the historic development of housing in the Bristol and surrounding Avon areas. Results: Data collected included the tenure (e.g., owned/rented) of the home, its size (indexed by the number of rooms), the presence of over-crowding (measured by the number of residents per room), presence of amenities, and frequency of household moves. This information was collected on over 13,000 women during pregnancy >8000 at age 10 and >4000 at 18 years. Council Tax bands were asked at 10 and 18 years. Conclusions: This is the first of two Data Notes on the housing type and housing circumstances of the families enrolled in ALSPAC. A second Data Note will detail their internal housing conditions. The data provides an excellent resource for researchers when considering the influences of housing on physical and mental health and development.
Modeling and Solving Line Planning with Mode Choice
Authors: Hartleb Johann , Schmidt Marie , Huisman Dennis , Friedrich Markus 
Published: September 2022

We present a mixed-integer linear program (MILP) for line planning with mode and route choice. In contrast to existing approaches, the mode and route decisions of passengers are modeled depending on the line plan and commercial solvers can be applied to solve the corresponding MILP. The model aims at finding line plans that maximize the profit for the railway operator while estimating the corresponding passenger demand with aggregate choice models. Hence, the resulting line plans are not only profitable for operators but also attractive to passengers. By suitable preprocessing we are able to apply any aggregate choice model for mode choices using linear constraints. We provide and test means to improve the computational performance. Our experiments on the Intercity network of the Randstad, a metropolitan area in the Netherlands, show that models which assume a fixed passenger assignment to modes cannot attract the passenger numbers they were designed for and therefore lead to inferior profit compared with our new model. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.1171 .
Type-II PPRKTP optical parametric oscillators in the 2  µm spectral range
Authors: Liu Yaqun , Mølster Kjell Martin , Zukauskas Andrius , Lee Cherrie S. J. , Pasiskevicius Valdas 
Published: September 2022

We experimentally explored the design parameter space for periodically
poled

R
b

:

K
T
i
O
P
O

4

(PPRKTP) structures in type-II
optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) pumped at 1.064 µm and
operating in the 1.8–2.5 µm range. This study identifies a set
of Sellmeier expansions and thermooptic coefficients that can be used
to accurately design the type-II PPRKTP structures in this spectral
range. The performance of this OPO regime is investigated by employing
different periodicities of PPRKTP, and the effective nonlinear
coefficient is determined. Output at the mJ level with a bandwidth of
better than 10 MHz is readily generated without optical damage.
The temperature tuning rate of about 8 GHz/K of the central OPO
frequency is substantially lower than in similar periodically poled
lithium niobate devices and can be exploited for precise frequency
tuning and easier thermal stabilization. The stimulated backward
polariton scattering in the OPO cavities is also investigated and
discussed.
DAC/ADC-free 4 × 12.9 Gbit/s 65,536-level quantum noise stream cipher secure optical WDM transmission based on delta-sigma modulation
Authors: Luo Hanwen , Zhong Linsheng , Dai Xiaoxiao , Cheng Mengfan , Yang Qi , Deng Lei , Liu Deming 
Published: September 2022

We propose and experimentally study a novel, to the best of our knowledge, quantum noise stream cipher (QNSC) secure transmission scheme based on the delta-sigma modulation (DSM) technique. The cooperation of the QNSC and DSM mechanisms makes it possible to transmit an ultrahigh-order encrypted signal in the non-return-to-zero (NRZ) on-off keying (OOK) format. The delivery of the NRZ OOK waveform over the fiber link allows us to send and receive signals using digital ports, instead of high-speed and high-resolution digital-to-analog converters (DACs) and analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) in conventional QNSC systems. Meanwhile, clock synchronization can be achieved by using a simple clock data recovery algorithm. The extra clock signal transmission link in conventional QNSC systems is no longer needed. The proposed scheme is also compatible with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. In this work, 4 × 12.9 Gbit/s plaintext is encrypted to a 65,536-level QNSC signal and then transmitted over a 10-km standard single-mode fiber. The transmitter and receiver are established by commercial 100G QSFP28 optical modules with clock data recovery. This proposed scheme can be easily deployed in commercial systems due to its minimalist implementation architecture and relatively low hardware cost.
Psychosocial issues and concerns of cancer patients due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown
Authors: Veeraiah Surendran , Chidambaram Sundaramoorthy , Sudhakar Revathy , Ganesharaja Selvaluxmi , Krishnamurthy Arvind , Dhanushkodi Manikandan , Swaminathan Rajaraman 
Published: September 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown has posed numerous unique challenges for cancer patients, families and healthcare workers. However, the reports on psychosocial issues associated with such situations are scarce. This study aims to determine the psychosocial issues faced by cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.

Methods
Cancer patients irrespective of diagnosis and treatment status were assessed for fear of progression (FOP), distress and quality of life (QOL) using Fear of Progression- Short Form, Distress Thermometer and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ C30) 30, respectively. The demographics, disease and treatment related details were obtained from case record form. Psychological issues and concerns were collected using a structured interview. Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U-test and Linear Regression were performed using SPSS ver 20.0.

Results
Among the 219 patients, 118 (52.5%) had either interruption in their on-going cancer treatment or the initiation of cancer treatment was delayed as a result of COVID-19 lockdown. Overall, 74% of the patients experienced distress, 55.3% experienced FOP and 58% had low global health status. Pain followed by fatigue remained as major issues among patients during lockdown. Interruption in treatment and logistical issues were strongly associated with increased distress (p = 0.026) and FOP (p = 0.004). Global health status (p = 0.037), emotional functioning (p = 0.000), social functioning (p = 0.000) and financial concerns (p = 0.046) differed significantly between patients with and without treatment interruption. Age (β = -0.159), mode of transport (β = -0.135), challenges in meeting daily needs (β = -0.245) and being out-casted by the society (β = -0.227) predicted distress.

Conclusion
More than half of the patients had interruptions in their treatment as a result of COVID-19 lockdown. Cancer patients have had increased physical and psychological concerns as a result of the pandemic situation and its associated changes. Specific guidelines ought to be framed for providing continued and holistic cancer care for patients during such lockdown.