bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Authigenic clay mineral evidence for restricted, evaporitic conditions during the emergence of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Biota
Authors: Han Shujun , Lӧhr Stefan C. , Abbott April N. , Baldermann Andre , Voigt Martin , Yu Bingsong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Ediacaran Period witnessed major environmental change and an expansion of eukaryotic life following the Marinoan glaciation. The Doushantuo Formation of south China has furnished much of our understanding of Earth System and biosphere evolution during this period, but its depositional setting–marine or non-marine–is still debated. Here we conduct mineralogical, petrographic and geochemical analyses of samples from the lower Doushantuo Formation in order to determine the origin of saponite clay minerals which are abundant in this interval. We find that the morphology and distribution of the saponite clays suggest they are of pre-compaction, authigenic origin. We infer that the lower Doushantuo sediments were deposited in a restricted, mildly evaporitic lagoonal basin, offering additional constraints on the environmental setting into which metazoan life emerged. Further, our findings confirm that Ediacaran seawater favored reverse weathering, with marine clay formation likely representing an important sink for various elements during the Precambrian.
Comparing Measures From Computer-Administered and Examiner-Administered Narrative Retells in Spanish: A Pilot Study
Authors: Heilmann John , Finneran Denise , Moyle Maura 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
Narrative language sample analysis (LSA) is a recommended best practice for the assessment of monolingual and bilingual children. With business-as-usual narrative LSA, examiners are actively involved in all aspects of the elicitation. Software advancements have shown multiple benefits of computer-administered language assessments, some of which may be beneficial for narrative assessments, particularly for bilingual children. The goal of this pilot study was to test the feasibility of computer-administered narrative retells in bilingual children.

Method:

Ten English–Spanish bilingual children, kindergarten to fourth grade, completed two narrative retells using wordless picture books (
Frog Goes to Dinner
and
Frog on His Own
) in two conditions: examiner-administered and computer-administered. Five narrative measures were generated from these 20 transcripts.

Results:
Significant, strong correlations were observed between the two elicitation methods for four of the five measures. We completed a series of Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests and found no significant differences in measures across the elicitation methods. Follow-up descriptive analyses revealed few large differences across elicitation methods for the individual participants.

Conclusion:
This study provides preliminary evidence on the use of a computer-administered narrative procedure and motivates further research on the method to confirm its validity and to document its effectiveness within clinical practice.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20346648
Spherical harmonic decomposition and interpretation of the shapes of the small Saturnian inner moons
Authors: Rambaux N. , Lainey V. , Cooper N. , Auzemery L. , Zhang Q. F. 
Published: July 2022

Context. The Cassini-Huygens space mission made a series of observations of Saturn’s small satellites during its grand finale stage. These measurements were performed in order to study the shape, geology, and surface composition of the small satellites as well as to study the impact of the environment, in particular the rings, on these small bodies.
Aims. The purpose of this study is to focus on the shape analysis of the small Saturnian satellites in order to describe their global figure and large-scale topography, as well as to deduce fundamental quantities, gravity field, and amplitude of the diurnal libration by assuming that the bodies are homogeneous.
Methods. We used two approaches in this study. On the one hand, we directly exploited the Cassini images of the small satellites by performing limb measurements and deducing a confidence interval on the shape measurements. On the other hand, we used previously published shape models which combine limb measurements and control points. These shape models were then decomposed and described in spherical harmonics.
Results. We found that the shape of the small satellites can be described with a confidence interval between 50 and 150 m. The low degree in spherical harmonics (degree 2) indicated that Telesto, Pandora, Pan, Janus, and Helene have a degree 2 shape close to the Omega sequence, which was defined recently, where the potential is constant along a meridian perpendicular to the longest axis. The degree 2 shape of Epimetheus, on the other hand, is close to the Roche sequence. In contrast, Prometheus, Calypso, and Atlas are in the Low-Brown region. The root mean square spectrum and spherical harmonic maps then allowed us to describe the topography of the satellites, and in particular to highlight equatorial ridges for some satellites including Daphnis. Finally, our estimates of the libration amplitude in the homogeneous case provide values in agreement with previously published librational measurements for Epimetheus while highlighting the proximity of the resonance for Epimetheus, Pandora, and Prometheus.
Conclusions. The high resolution images of the internal satellites have allowed us to describe the geology and the geophysics of these bodies. Future comparison of these amplitudes with new librational measurements deduced, for example, by the astrometric method, will allow us to obtain information on the internal structure of these bodies. Similar studies could be carried out on the internal satellites of Jupiter using images from the Europa Clipper (NASA) or JUICE (ESA) missions.
The new species and the third Chinese member of
Colubrina
(
C. zhaoguangii
, Rhamnaceae)
Authors: Hu Jun , Liu Wei-Li , Jiang Hong , Liu Qing , Yang Yi 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

A novel species of Rhamnaceae,
Colubrina zhaoguangii
, is discovered in Sichuan, China, during the biodiversity investigations of the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the new species are presented herein. To date, the new species is only found in dry-warm river valleys of the Jinsha River basin in the Hengduan Mountains region (HDM). Compared with the other two known Chinese
Colubrina
species,
C. zhaoguangii
features by the habit of twisted shrub and tiny leaves with emarginate apex. In morphology, the new species highly resembles
C. alluaudii
endemic in Madagascar and
C. viridis
in northwestern Mexico, whereas it is distinguished from these two relatives by its minutely white scales on the leaf blades. The discovery of
C. zhaoguangii
reminds us again that the bottom region is also important for biodiversity conservation in HDM and should be a flora survey priority.
Approximation of discontinuous inverse operators with neural networks
Authors: Massa Paolo , Garbarino Sara , Benvenuto Federico 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this work we deal with parametric inverse problems, which consist in recovering a finite number of parameters describing the structure of an unknown object, from indirect measurements. State-of-the-art methods for approximating a regularizing inverse operator by using a dataset of input–output pairs of the forward model rely on deep learning techniques. In these approaches, a neural network (NN) is trained to predict the value of the sought parameters directly from the data. In this paper, we show that these methods provide suboptimal results when a regularizing inverse operator is discontinuous with respect to the Euclidean topology. Hence, we propose a two-step strategy for approximating it by means of a NN, which works under general topological conditions. First, we embed the parameters into a subspace of a low-dimensional Euclidean space; second, we use a NN to approximate a homeomorphism between the subspace and the image of the parameter space through the forward operator. The parameters are then retrieved by applying the inverse of the embedding to the network predictions. The results are shown for the problem of x-ray imaging of solar flares with data from the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays. In this case, the parameter space is homeomorphic to a Moebius strip. Our simulation studies show that the use of a NN for predicting the parameters directly from the data yields systematic errors due to the non-Euclidean topology of the parameter space. The proposed strategy overcomes the discontinuity issues and furnishes stable and accurate reconstructions.
Performance analysis for unconstrained analysis based approaches*
Authors: Ge Huanmin , Chen Wengu , Li Dongfang , Wu Fengyan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Efficient recovery of sparse signals from underdetermined linear systems has received extensive attentions in recent decade. This paper considers the stable recovery of a signal
x
, which is not k-sparse itself but is k-sparse in terms of a Parseval frame
D
, from the observations
y
=
Ax
+
e
via three unconstrained minimization approaches. We show that if the sensing matrix
A
satisfies the restricted isometry property adapted to
D
with

δ

t
k

<

t
−
1

t
+
8

for any t > 1, then these three approaches can stably recover
x
. As a consequence, when t = 2 and 3, our result significantly improves existing best sufficient conditions. Furthermore, we theoretically characterize the recovery errors of these methods.
Performance of metal-semiconductor-metal structured diamond deep-ultraviolet photodetector with a large active area
Authors: Feng Mengyang , Jin Peng , Meng Xianquan , Xu Pengfei , Huo Xiaodi , Zhou Guangdi , Qu Pengfei , Wu Ju , Wang Zhanguo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this work, the uniformity is significantly improved of the photoresist film spinning-coated on the small-size diamond wafer by inlaying the diamond wafer into a 1-inch polytetrafluoroethylene substrate; consequently, the utilizable surface area of the diamond wafer is remarkably increased. As a result, the interdigital electrodes of 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm in dimension are prepared on the single crystal diamond (5 mm × 5 mm × 0.5 mm) and a metal–semiconductor–metal structured diamond deep-ultraviolet photodetector with a large active area of 3.093 mm2 has been fabricated. Compared to the maximum values of the interdigital-typed intrinsic diamond deep-ultraviolet photodetectors, the active area is increased by more than six times, and the photocurrent reaches the order of milliampere, which is about two orders of magnitude larger. Meanwhile, the responsivity and external quantum efficiency are 56.3 A W−1 and 328, respectively, at 50 V bias under 3.125 μW mm−2 213 nm illumination, and the corresponding mobility-lifetime product of the diamond wafer is 1.11 × 10−5 cm2 V−1. As the voltage continued to increase, which still maintained an upward trend and did not appear saturated; the corresponding responsivity is up to 275.9 A W−1 at 120 V. In addition, the ultraviolet-visible light discrimination ratio is 1.4 × 104 at 10 V, and the carrier transit time between interdigital electrodes is measured to be only about 1 ns (excited by a 213 nm pulse laser), which shows that the photodetector has an ultrafast response speed.
DeTransUnet: attenuation correction of gated cardiac images without structural information
Authors: Wang Bo , Lu Lijun , Liu Huafeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective. Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive imaging method, and it is of great significance to the diagnosis and prognosis of coronary heart disease. Attenuation correction (AC) for PET images is a necessary step for further quantitative analysis. In order not to use magnetic resonance (MR) or computed tomography (CT) images for AC, this work proposes DeTransUnet to obtain AC PET images directly from no-attenuation corrected (NAC) PET images. Approach. The proposed DeTransUnet is a 3D structure which combines the multi-scale deformable transformer layers and the 3D convolutional neural network (CNN). And it integrates the advantages of transformer with long-range dependence and CNN suitable for image calculation. The AC images using CT images for AC and scatter correction (SC) and are considered as training labels, while the NAC images are reconstructed without AC and SC. Standard uptake value (SUV) values are calculated for both NAC and AC images to exclude the influence of weight and injection dose. With NAC SUV images as the inputs of the DeTransUnet, the outputs of DeTransUnet are AC SUV images. Main results. The proposed DeTransUnet was performed on an MPI gated-PET dataset, and the results were compared with Unet2D and Unet2.5D. The metrics of the whole image and the left ventricular myocardium show that the proposed method has advantages over other deep learning methods. Significance. The proposed DeTransUnet is a novel AC framework that does not require CT or MR images. It can be used as an independent AC method on PET/MR instrument. In addition, when CT images contain defects or cannot be registered with PET images on PET/CT instrument, DeTransUnet is able to repair the defects and keep consistent with the NAC images.
Runaway electron deconfinement in SPARC and DIII-D by a passive 3D coil
Authors: Izzo V.A. , Pusztai I. , Särkimäki K. , Sundström A. , Garnier D.T. , Weisberg D. , Tinguely R.A. , Paz-Soldan C. , Granetz R.S. , Sweeney R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The operation of a 3D coil—passively driven by the current quench (CQ) loop voltage—for the deconfinement of runaway electrons (REs) is modeled for disruption scenarios in the SPARC and DIII-D tokamaks. Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modeling is carried out with the NIMROD code including time-dependent magnetic field boundary conditions to simulate the effect of the coil. Further modeling in some cases uses the ASCOT5 code to calculate advection and diffusion coefficients for REs based on the NIMROD-calculated fields, and the DREAM code to compute the runaway evolution in the presence of these transport coefficients. Compared with similar modeling in Tinguely et al (2021 Nucl. Fusion
61 124003), considerably more conservative assumptions are made with the ASCOT5 results, zeroing low levels of transport, particularly in regions in which closed flux surfaces have reformed. Of three coil geometries considered in SPARC, only the n = 1 coil is found to have sufficient resonant components to suppress the runaway current growth. Without the new conservative transport assumptions, full suppression of the RE current is maintained when the thermal quench MHD is included in the simulation or when the RE current is limited to 250kA, but when transport in closed flux regions is fully suppressed, these scenarios allow RE beams on the order of 1–2 MA to appear. Additional modeling is performed to consider the effects of the close ideal wall. In DIII-D, the CQ is modeled for both limited and diverted equilibrium shapes. In the limited shape, the onset of stochasticity is found to be insensitive to the coil current amplitude and governed largely by the evolution of the safety-factor profile. In both devices, prediction of the q-profile evolution is seen to be critical to predicting the later time effects of the coil.
Investigation of the rheological parameters of a complex homogenate (dough model) prepared from flour and fractions of an electrochemically activated water
Authors: Pogorelov A G , Chernykh V Ya , Bulavina T A , Suvorov O A , Kuznetsov A L , Ipatova L G 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
One of the directions for improving existing and creating new technologies for bakery products can be associated with the regulation of dough making processes through the use of electrochemically activated (ECA) water during kneading. By the ECA water method in the zone of one of the electrodes (anode or cathode) of the diaphragm reactor, respectively, anolyte or catholyte is obtained, which have a number of anomalous properties during the relaxation period. The ECA method allows you to purposefully change the structure of water, pH and redox potential, catalytic, biological and chemical activity. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of ECA water fractions on the rheological parameters of a heterophase homogenate during the formation of its structure during kneading before readiness and after the kneading operation. Conditional and classical rheological characteristics were determined using a texture analyzer device. In the work, the rheodynamics of mixing wheat bakery flour of the highest grade with various fractions of ECA water was established. It was revealed that the anodic and cathodic fractions of the ECA water, depending on the duration of treatment and the pH and RP indices, have a different effect on the structural, mechanical and rheological characteristics of the flour homogenate. The freshly prepared activated water fraction after 30 min of anodic treatment (sample A30) had a greater effect on the rheodynamics of the wheat dough kneading. The dough formed using the specified water sample was characterized by maximum stability, increased by 58% compared to other samples. The homogenate formed with the A30 sample is characterized by the longest dough kneading time to readiness (2.8 min), the highest dough stability during kneading (9.8 min) and, accordingly, the highest flour quality indicator (QN 73 mm). At the same time, the dough-thinning index reaches the minimum values of 40/62, which confirms the tendency for a decrease in the activity of wheat flour amylases in terms of the "Falling Number" indicator.
Techno chemical characteristics of secondary raw materials formed when cutting rainbow trout
Authors: Sokolov A V , Dvoryaninova O P , Sukharev I N , Shubkin S Yu , Zakharov V L 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The article assesses the biotechnological potential of the minor parts formed when cutting rainbow trout. It was found that the share of secondary parts accounts for 52.2%. This result allows showing the relevance and expediency of developing measures for their rational use and involvement in the production of products for various purposes. Research has been carried out on the chemical, amino acid, and mineral compositions of the minor parts of rainbow trout. The study results showed that the minor parts of rainbow trout have a high biological value of protein. The content of all essential amino acids is rich in macro-and microelements. It is shown that a high mass fraction of protein (15.41-58.46%) in the minor parts of rainbow trout opens excellent prospects for organizing their collection, accumulation, and processing.
Lean method for development of thermal treatment regimes for canned food from aquatic organisms for industry autoclaves
Authors: Kaychenov A , Stolyanov A , Zhuk A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The article describes the lean method developed by the authors, which can be used in the development and scientific substantiation of experimental canned food heat treatment regimes for an industrial autoclave at the preliminary selection stage. The ways for improving the lean method to modernized using methods and means of automation are considered. The modernized method application will allow the fishing enterprises to increase efficiency within the lean production concept. The laboratory autoclave AVK-30M, the industrial autoclave ASCAMAT-230 and their automatic control systems are described. The description of experimental study for the development canned food heat treatment regimes is considered.
Difference in the composition of the volatile odor fraction of tilapia meat samples grown under aquaculture conditions in Russia and China
Authors: Sokolov A V , Dvoryaninova O P , Solovyova E A , Syanov D A , Storublevtsev S A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
China is one of the leading suppliers of fish and seafood to Russia. A strong example is tilapia fish. This relatively inexpensive fish, due to the small amount of its cultivation in the Russian Federation, is completely imported from China. However, at present, the lack of an adequate level of control over the movement of raw materials through production chains and their processing at Chinese enterprises, the import of tilapia is temporarily stopped. In this regard, a comparative assessment of the quality of tilapia grown under aquaculture conditions in Russia and China at all stages of industrial processing is relevant. In order to assess the quality of fish raw materials, a multisensory system “electronic nose” was used, which is based on a multilevel neural semiotic model that describes the mechanism of the human olfactory bulb. The use of chemical sensors allowed recording early signs of changes in the organoleptic parameters of tilapia meat. The studies showed that the meat of tilapia grown in Russia is subject to less destruction during storage at a temperature of 4 ° C than meat of tilapia grown under the agricultural conditions in China.
Analysis and optimization of the structure of liquid phase flows in extractors of multiple irrigation of the oil-containing material with an extractant
Authors: Tsebrenko K N , Derevenko V V , Sevryugina N I 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The analysis of the flows structure in extractors operating by the method of multiple irrigation of the oil-containing material with an extractant (extractive agent) has been carried out. The features of the mass transfer process are considered using experimental data on the equilibrium: in the system the oil-containing material is the extractant and the kinetics of the extraction of the oil-bearing material. Experimental data of the concentration of miscella at each stage of a belt extractor operating according to the method of multi-stage irrigation were obtained under production conditions. Based on the data obtained, a working line of the extraction process for this extractor (extraction unit) was constructed, which made it possible to substantiate the ways of improving the structure of the liquid phase flows in it. The improvement of the streams structure of the liquid phase of the belt extractors is carried out on the basis of mathematical modeling of the process of extracting oil from the oil-containing material. We take into account the effect of reverse recirculation of the extractant and the dynamics of moving the extractant in the solid phase in the zone of no irrigation. It is shown that it is possible to intensify the extraction process by organizing an additional injection of the extractant at the last stage of the extractor. A numerical experiment was carried out on the basis of the developed mathematical model, which takes into account the additional injection of the solvent. As a result, it was found that the proposed solution allows reducing the oil content of the meal to 0.8%.
Study of ascorbic acid stabilization conditions in fresh juices
Authors: Kaisheva N S , Kaishev A Sh , Larsky M V , Karpenko V A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
For the first time the possibility of using purified pectins to stabilize ascorbic acid (AA) in fresh juices was considered and proved. The purpose of the study was to analyze the possibility of using purified pectins to stabilize AA in fresh juices with a concentration of 1⋅10-6-1⋅10-4g/ml. The work used AA, oxalic acid (OA), as well as beet (BP), citrus (CP) and apple (AP) pectins. There was no interfering effect of pectins on AA determination by differential UV spectroscopy. The specific absorption rate of AA (727) was determined, according to which the AA content in model solutions with auxiliary substances during storage was estimated. The optimal weight ratio AA:AP 1:16 used for blending fresh juices, in which the AA concentration was previously determined by titration with 2.6-dichlorophenolindophenolate sodium, was established. It was revealed that AP contributes to the pH shift to the optimal pH area for AA 4.5-8.0; increase of juice viscosity by 5-148% and storage life by 3.3-59 times. The relative error of definitions did not exceed ±5.6%.