bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of food education in school environments improves pupils’ eating patterns and social participation in school dining
Authors: Laitinen Aija L , Antikainen Amma , Mikkonen Santtu , Kähkönen Kaisa , Talvia Sanna , Varjonen Silja , Paavola Saila , Karhunen Leila , Tilles-Tirkkonen Tanja 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjective:Schools can be an effective arena for food education. The Tasty School is a tailored teacher-driven food education model that provides tools for implementing food education in primary schools. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the Tasty School model on pupils’ eating patterns and experiences. We also aimed to assess the implementation strength of the Tasty School.Design:A quasi-experimental study was conducted during one school year 2019–2020 in fifteen intervention and ten control schools. The intervention schools implemented the Tasty School food education model. The pupils completed web-based baseline and follow-up questionnaires in class during a school day. The principals were interviewed after the intervention. The data were analysed using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures, accounting for the implementation strength and selected standardisation effects.Setting:A total of twenty-five general Finnish primary schools.Participants:1480 pupils from grades 3−6 (age 8–12 years) from five municipalities in Finland.Results:Percentages of pupils eating a balanced school meal increased in schools where food education was actively implemented (P = 0·027). In addition, pupils’ experience of social participation in school dining strengthened in schools where the Tasty School model was implemented (5-point scale mean from 2·41 to 2·61; P = 0·017).Conclusions:Healthy eating patterns can be promoted by the active implementation of food education in primary schools. The Tasty School model offers a promising tool for developing healthy eating patterns and increasing social participation among pupils not only in Finland, but also potentially in other countries as well.
Digital marketing of online food delivery services in a social media platform before and during COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Authors: Botelho Laís Vargas , Freitas Jade Veloso , Camara Alex Oliveira da , de Almeida Iasmim Ferreira , Gonçalves Thauanne de Souza , Horta Paula Martins , Canella Daniela Silva , Cardoso Letícia de Oliveira 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjective:To describe the promotion of food and beverage and marketing strategies used by online food delivery services (OFDS) in a social media platform before and during the pandemic in Brazil.Design:Publicly available data were extracted from OFDS Instagram accounts. Posts published 6 months immediately before and after the first case of COVID-19 in Brazil were randomly sampled. Two independent authors coded the posts’ content. Food and beverage items featured in posts were classified according to the NOVA food system classification. Marketing strategies were coded according to protocols from previous studies.Setting:Top three OFDS Instagram accounts in Brazil.Participants:Posts published in the period studied (n 304).Results:During the pandemic, the proportion of posts featuring at least one food item decreased from 71·6 % to 40·2 %, and the proportion of ultra-processed foods decreased from 57·6 % to 27·9 %. Before the pandemic, the most widely used marketing strategies were branding elements (80·7 %), product imagery (unbranded) (48·9 %) and partnerships/sponsorship (35·2 %). While during the pandemic, branding elements (62·2 %) continued to be the most applied, but were followed by the use of videos/graphics interchange format/boomerangs (34·1 %) and corporate social responsibility (31·7 %). The most frequent COVID-19 marketing strategies were ‘social responsibility in the pandemic’ (30·5 %), ‘combatting the pandemic’ (28·0 %) and ‘accelerating digitalisation’ (20·7 %).Conclusions:OFDS advertisements on a social media platform placed less emphasis on food items, but improved the nutritional quality of foods and beverages featured in posts. A COVID-washing approach was highlighted, especially through the use of social responsibility marketing during the pandemic.
Perceived facilitators and barriers to healthy dietary behaviour in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Kenya: a qualitative study
Authors: Mokaya Moses , Saruni Eddah , Kyallo Florence , Vangoitsenhoven Roman , Matthys Christophe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to explore the facilitators and barriers to healthy dietary behaviour in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Kenya.Design:A qualitative descriptive design using telephone interviews was applied. An interview guide was developed through a modified theoretical framework.Setting:This study was conducted in selected hospitals in Nakuru County, located in west-central Kenya.Participants:A two-step sampling strategy was used to select hospitals and study participants. Adult participants aged 30 to 85 years, with T2DM from six hospitals were selected based on their ability to openly elaborate on the theme of dietary behaviour.Results:Thirty respondents were interviewed (mean age 62 years; 43·3 % females). The average duration of the interviews was 32:02 min (sd 17·07). The highest-ranking internal facilitators of healthy dietary behaviour were knowledge of healthy food choices, gardening, self-efficacy, food preparation skills and eating at home. External facilitators included inaccurate beliefs and information on food and diet, education by healthcare workers, food availability, proximity to food selling points and family support. Internal barriers included tastes and preferences, health conditions barring intake of certain foods, and random eating of unhealthy foods. External barriers included socio-economic factors, seasonal unavailability of fruits and food safety concerns.Conclusions:Facilitators and barriers to healthy dietary behaviour among Kenyan adults with T2DM are related to food literacy and include selection, preparation and eating. Interventions to enhance healthy dietary behaviour should target context-specific knowledge, skills and self-efficacy.
Quality of life, anxiety, depression, and distress in patients with advanced and metastatic lung cancer
Authors: Gonzalez-Ling Ana , Galindo Vázquez Oscar , Espinoza Bello Marcos , Robles Rebeca , Rascón-Gasca María Luisa , Lara-Mejía Luis , Heredia David , Arrieta Oscar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveLung cancer (LC) patients have shown a predisposition for developing emotional and physical symptoms, with detrimental effects on the quality of life (QoL). This study evaluates the bidirectional relationship between main psychological disorders and clinical/sociodemographic factors with the QoL.MethodsIn this observational cross-sectional study, patients with a confirmed LC diagnosis from February 2015 to March 2018 were eligible for this study. Each participant completed screening instruments of anxiety, depression, distress, and QoL assessment. Other relevant clinical data were extracted from electronic health records. Then comparisons, correlations, and logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsTwo hundred and four cases were eligible; of them, the median age was 61 (24–84) years, most had clinical stage IV (95%), and most were under first-line therapy (53%). Concerning psychological status, 46% had symptoms of emotional distress, 35% anxiety, and 31% depression. Patients with psychological disorders experienced a worse global QoL than those without psychological impairment (p < 0.001). Increased financial issues and physical symptoms, combined with lower functioning, were also significantly associated with anxiety, depression, and distress. In the multivariate analysis, female sex and emotional distress were positively associated with an increased risk of depression; likewise, female sex, low social functioning, insomnia, and emotional distress were associated with anxiety.ConclusionsEmotional symptoms and QoL had a significant bidirectional effect on this study; this underscores the necessity to identify and treat anxiety, depression, and distress to improve psychological well-being and the QoL in LC patients.
Validation of the Spanish Version of the Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale
Authors: Fasce Angelo , Avendaño Diego , Dagnall Neil , Denovan Andrew , Escolà-Gascón Álex 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Theorists acknowledge that conspiracy beliefs represent an established psychological construct. The study of conspiracy beliefs is important because allied ideation potentially influences everyday attitudes and behaviors across a range of domains (i.e., cognitive, social, cross-cultural, and political psychology). In this article, we analyze the internal structure and construct validity of the Spanish adaptation of the Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale (GCBS). Correlational and confirmatory factor analyses using an international sample of 732 Spanish-speakers revealed a five-factor structure equivalent to the original instrument. Convergent validity was demonstrated using educational level, political orientation, need for uniqueness, and four social axioms (social cynicism, religiosity, reward for application, and fate control). In comparison to two English samples (N = 794 and N = 421), the adaptation demonstrated satisfactory, although restricted, levels of invariance. Accordingly, findings support the use of this translated form of the GCBS with Spanish speakers.
Improved High‐Resolution Bathymetry Map of Tamu Massif and Southern Shatsky Rise and Its Geologic Implications
Authors: Thoram S. , Sager W. W. , Reed W. , Nakanishi M. , Zhang J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe formation and geology of oceanic plateaus are incompletely understood, in part because geophysical data are sparse and of low density. This paper presents an improved high‐resolution bathymetry map for southern Shatsky Rise, by combining newly acquired multibeam bathymetry data from several cruises and by filling in gaps in multibeam coverage with the SRTM15+ global bathymetry model. This map provides important insights on the evolution of Shatsky Rise from plateau forming, to post‐plateau secondary volcanism, to sedimentation, erosion, and sedimentary mass wasting. Tamu Massif is segmented by several subdued bathymetric troughs that divide the massif flanks into smaller rises. The segmentation pattern suggests Tamu Massif was built by a series of eruptions along a jumping triple junction. The distribution of secondary volcanic cones is non‐uniform, with most occurring on the southern and eastern flanks. Most of these secondary cones occur as short chains that parallel nearby magnetic lineations, suggesting control by spreading ridge parallel faults. These results suggest the evolution of Shatsky Rise was largely controlled by spreading ridges during its active volcanic phase. Numerous escarpments were identified around the plateau, a majority of which parallel bathymetry contours, suggesting these features developed because of differential subsidence of the rise massifs. The map reveals widespread mass wasting and downslope sediment movement, shifting sediment distribution and changing the surface morphology. Improved topography improves our understanding of the evolution of Shatsky Rise and emphasizes the importance of bathymetry data in deciphering the geodynamic evolution of large igneous provinces.
Comprehensive Assessment of Seasonally Frozen Ground Changes in the Northern Hemisphere Based on Observations
Authors: Chen Cong , Peng Xiaoqing , Frauenfeld Oliver W. , Zhao Yaohua , Yang Guangshang , Tian Weiwei , Li Xuanjia , Du Ran , Li Xiaodong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSeasonally frozen ground (SFG) in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) plays a significant role in the earth system via changes in the freeze‐thaw cycle. Previous studies primarily focus on permafrost; however, the SFG response to climate change on a hemispheric scale is uncertain due to a lack of observations. We rectify this with a newly assembled comprehensive database of 1,220 stations with daily observations. To quantify the spatiotemporal characteristics of SFG in response to climate change, we calculate eight variables with these observations: the first date of soil freeze (FFD), freezing duration (FDR), maximum freeze depth (MFD), the date of maximum freeze depth (MFDD), the last date of soil thaw (TLD), thawing duration (TDR), freeze‐thaw duration (FTDR), and actual number of freezing days (AD). During the variables' common 1986–2005 period, MFD decreased 8.9 cm (9% change). FFD was later by 5.3 days (2% change), MFDD and TLD were earlier by 14.5 days (27% change) and 24.7 days (22% change), respectively, and FDR and TDR decreased by 9 days (11% change) and 4.6 days (10% change). FTDR and AD decreased 18.1 days (14% change) and 12.1 days (10% change), respectively. The spatial pattern of freeze‐thaw variables depends on latitude and elevation, and varies by climatic zone: FTDR increases, going from the warm temperate climate, to the arid climate, and the snow and polar climates. The variability in freeze‐thaw changes is mainly driven by air temperature and latitude, while precipitation, soil moisture, snow depth, and elevation are relatively insignificant at the hemispheric scale.
Planetary Core‐Style Rotating Convective Flows in Paraboloidal Laboratory Experiments
Authors: Lonner Taylor L. , Aggarwal Ashna , Aurnou Jonathan M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTurbulent convection in a planet's outer core is simulated here using a thermally‐driven, free surface paraboloidal laboratory annulus. We show that the rapidly rotating convection dynamics in free‐surface paraboloidal annuli are similar those in planetary spherical shell geometries. Three experimental cases are carried out, respectively, at 35 revolutions per minute (rpm), 50 and 60 rpm. Thermal Rossby waves are detected in full disk thermographic images of the fluid's free surface. Ultrasonic flow velocity measurements reveal the presence of multiple azimuthal (zonal) jets, with successively more jets forming in higher rotation rate cases. The jets' cylindrical radial extent is well approximated by the Rhines scale. Over time, the zonal jets migrate to larger radial position with migration rates in good agreement with prior theoretical estimates. Our results suggest that planetary core rotating convection will be comprised of flow structures found in other turbulent geophysical fluid dynamical systems: convective turbulence dominates the small‐scale flow field, and also act to flux energy into larger‐scale, slowly evolving zonal flow structures. How the ambient magnetic fields in planetary core settings affect such turbulent flows remains an open question.
IFT140+/K14+ cells function as stem/progenitor cells in salivary glands
Authors: Zhang Xueming , Zhou Ji , Wang Xinyu , Geng Jiangyu , Chen Yubei , Sun Yao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStem/progenitor cells are important for salivary gland development, homeostasis maintenance, and regeneration following injury. Keratin-14+(K14+) cells have been recognized as bona fide salivary gland stem/progenitor cells. However, K14 is also expressed in terminally differentiated myoepithelial cells; therefore, more accurate molecular markers for identifying salivary stem/progenitor cells are required. The intraflagellar transport (IFT) protein IFT140 is a core component of the IFT system that functions in signaling transduction through the primary cilia. It is reportedly expressed in mesenchymal stem cells and plays a role in bone formation. In this study, we demonstrated that IFT140 was intensively expressed in K14+stem/progenitor cells during the developmental period and early regeneration stage following ligation-induced injuries in murine submandibular glands. In addition, we demonstrated that IFT140+/ K14+could self-renew and differentiate into granular duct cells at the developmental stage in vivo. The conditional deletion ofIft140from K14+cells caused abnormal epithelial structure and function during salivary gland development and inhibited regeneration. IFT140 partly coordinated the function of K14+stem/progenitor cells by modulating ciliary membrane trafficking. Our investigation identified a combined marker, IFT140+/K14+, for salivary gland stem/progenitor cells and elucidated the essential role of IFT140 and cilia in regulating salivary stem/progenitor cell differentiation and gland regeneration.
Fecal microbiome alterations in treatment-naive de novo Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Boertien Jeffrey M. , Murtomäki Kirsi , Pereira Pedro A. B. , van der Zee Sygrid , Mertsalmi Tuomas H. , Levo Reeta , Nojonen Tanja , Mäkinen Elina , Jaakkola Elina , Laine Pia , Paulin Lars , Pekkonen Eero , Kaasinen Valtteri , Auvinen Petri , Scheperjans Filip , van Laar Teus ,   PPNN Study Group, Verwey N. A. , van Harten B. , Portman A. T. , Langedijk M. J. H. , Oomes P. G. , Jansen B. J. A. M. , van Wieren T. , van den Bogaard S. J. A. , van Steenbergen W. , Duyff R. , van Amerongen J. P. , Fransen P. S. S. , Polman S. K. L. , Zwartbol R. T. , van Kesteren M. E. , Braakhekke J. P. , Trip J. , Koops L. , de Langen C. J. , de Jong G. , Hartono J. E. S. , Ybema H. , Bartels A. L. , Reesink F. E. , Postma A. G. , Vonk G. J. H. , Oen J. M. T. H. , Brinkman M. J. , Mondria T. , Holscher R. S. , van der Meulen A. A. E. , Rutgers A. W. F. , Boekestein W. A. , Teune L. K. , Orsel P. J. L. , Hoogendijk J. E. , van Laar T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGut microbiota alterations in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been found in several studies and are suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. However, previous results could not be adequately adjusted for a potential confounding effect of PD medication and disease duration, as almost all PD participants were already using dopaminergic medication and were included several years after diagnosis. Here, the gut microbiome composition of treatment-naive de novo PD subjects was assessed compared to healthy controls (HC) in two large independent case-control cohorts (n = 136 and 56 PD, n = 85 and 87 HC), using 16S-sequencing of fecal samples. Relevant variables such as technical batches, diet and constipation were assessed for their potential effects. Overall gut microbiome composition differed between PD and HC in both cohorts, suggesting gut microbiome alterations are already present in de novo PD subjects at the time of diagnosis, without the possible confounding effect of dopaminergic medication. Although no differentially abundant taxon could be replicated in both cohorts, multiple short chain fatty acids (SCFA) producing taxa were decreased in PD in both cohorts. In particular, several taxa belonging to the family Lachnospiraceae were decreased in abundance. Fewer taxonomic differences were found compared to previous studies, indicating smaller effect sizes in de novo PD.
DNA methylation levels of RELN promoter region in ultra-high risk, first episode and chronic schizophrenia cohorts of schizophrenia
Authors: Kho Sok-Hong , Yee Jie Yin , Puang Shu Juan , Han Luke , Chiang Christine , Rapisarda Attilio , Goh Wilson Wen Bin , Lee Jimmy , Sng Judy Chia Ghee 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe essential role of the Reelin gene (RELN) during brain development makes it a prominent candidate in human epigenetic studies of Schizophrenia. Previous literature has reported differing levels of DNA methylation (DNAm) in patients with psychosis. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) examine and compare RELN DNAm levels in subjects at different stages of psychosis cross-sectionally, (2) analyse the effect of antipsychotics (AP) on DNAm, and (3) evaluate the effectiveness and applicability of RELN promoter DNAm as a possible biological-based marker for symptom severity in psychosis.. The study cohort consisted of 56 healthy controls, 87 ultra-high risk (UHR) individuals, 26 first-episode (FE) psychosis individuals and 30 chronic schizophrenia (CS) individuals. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess Schizophrenia severity. After pyrosequencing selected CpG sites of peripheral blood, the Average mean DNAm levels were compared amongst the 4 subgroups. Our results showed differing levels of DNAm, with UHR having the lowest (7.72 ± 0.19) while the CS had the highest levels (HC: 8.78 ± 0.35; FE: 7.75 ± 0.37; CS: 8.82 ± 0.48). Significantly higher Average mean DNAm levels were found in CS subjects on AP (9.12 ± 0.61) compared to UHR without medication (UHR(−)) (7.39 ± 0.18). A significant association was also observed between the Average mean DNAm of FE and PANSS Negative symptom factor (R2 = 0.237, ß = −0.401, *p = 0.033). In conclusion, our findings suggested different levels of DNAm for subjects at different stages of psychosis. Those subjects that took AP have different DNAm levels. There were significant associations between FE DNAm and Negative PANSS scores. With more future experiments and on larger cohorts, there may be potential use of DNAm of the RELN gene as one of the genes for the biological-based marker for symptom severity in psychosis.
Fast and scalable search of whole-slide images via self-supervised deep learning
Authors: Chen Chengkuan , Lu Ming Y. , Williamson Drew F. K. , Chen Tiffany Y. , Schaumberg Andrew J. , Mahmood Faisal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe adoption of digital pathology has enabled the curation of large repositories of gigapixel whole-slide images (WSIs). Computationally identifying WSIs with similar morphologic features within large repositories without requiring supervised training can have significant applications. However, the retrieval speeds of algorithms for searching similar WSIs often scale with the repository size, which limits their clinical and research potential. Here we show that self-supervised deep learning can be leveraged to search for and retrieve WSIs at speeds that are independent of repository size. The algorithm, which we named SISH (for self-supervised image search for histology) and provide as an open-source package, requires only slide-level annotations for training, encodes WSIs into meaningful discrete latent representations and leverages a tree data structure for fast searching followed by an uncertainty-based ranking algorithm for WSI retrieval. We evaluated SISH on multiple tasks (including retrieval tasks based on tissue-patch queries) and on datasets spanning over 22,000 patient cases and 56 disease subtypes. SISH can also be used to aid the diagnosis of rare cancer types for which the number of available WSIs is often insufficient to train supervised deep-learning models.