bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secondary Fracture Rate After Vertebral Osteoporotic Compression Fracture Is Decreased by Anti-Osteoporotic Medication but Not Increased by Cement Augmentation
Authors: Mills Emily S. , Hah Raymond J. , Fresquez Zoe , Mertz Kevin , Buser Zorica , Alluri Ram K. , Anderson Paul A. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Painful vertebral osteoporotic compression fractures (OCFs) are often treated with cement augmentation, although controversies exist as to whether or not this increases the secondary fracture risk. Prevention of secondary fracture includes treatment of underlying osteoporosis. The purposes of this study were to determine (1) whether cement augmentation increases the rate of secondary fracture compared with nonoperative management, (2) whether anti-osteoporotic medications reduce the rate of secondary fracture, and (3) the rate of osteoporosis treatment with medications following vertebral OCF.

Methods:
The PearlDiver database was queried for all patients with a diagnosis of OCF from 2015 to 2019. Patients were excluded if they were <50 years old, had a diagnosis of spinal neoplasm or infection, or underwent lumbar fusion in the perioperative period. Secondary fracture risk was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, with kyphoplasty, vertebroplasty, anti-osteoporotic medications, age, gender, and Elixhauser Comorbidity Index as variables.

Results:
A total of 36,145 patients were diagnosed with an OCF during the study period. Of those, 25,904 (71.7%) underwent nonoperative management and 10,241 (28.3%) underwent cement augmentation, including 1,556 who underwent vertebroplasty and 8,833 who underwent kyphoplasty. Patients who underwent nonoperative management had a secondary fracture rate of 21.8% following the initial OCF, compared with 14.5% in the vertebroplasty cohort and 18.5% in the kyphoplasty cohort, which was not a significant difference on multivariate analysis. In the entire cohort, 2,833 (7.8%) received anti-osteoporotic medications and 33,312 (92.2%) did not. The rate of secondary fracture was 10.1% in patients who received medications and 21.9% in those who did not, which was a significant difference on multivariate analysis (odds ratio = 1.23, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Cement augmentation did not alter the rate of secondary fracture, whereas anti-osteoporotic medications significantly decreased the risk of subsequent OCF by 19%. Only 7.8% of patients received a prescription for an anti-osteoporotic medication following the initial OCF.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Unconventional Bradenhead Cementing in the Delaware Basin Case History
Authors: Pelton Ben , Adam Derek , Granier Garrett , Turner William , Tellez Diego , Willis John 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThis Delaware Basin case history describes a bradenhead cementing method that improves zonal isolation and top of cement (TOC). Common solutions for cementing depleted formations include stage tools, low-density slurries, and reverse circulation. For this bradenhead method, cement is pumped through the wellhead valves and down the annulus to a target loss zone. Field data, laboratory data, and the engineering model support the improvement bradenhead cementing provided across depleted formations.The depleted Brushy Canyon Formation serves as an injection interval for a two-stage bradenhead cement job. This approach isolates formations below the Brushy Canyon with a conventional first stage, while achieving TOC with the second stage pumped down the annulus. Fracture gradients of the injection interval and casing shoe constrain the cement design. To achieve adequate cement placement, the design phase includes the pressure calculations required to start flow and injection for the bradenhead stage. Reactive spacers are utilized to prevent annulus fluid level drop in extreme cases. A benchmarked cement bond log (CBL) quantifies the results and validates this unconventional cementing method.More than 50 two-stage bradenhead cement jobs were executed with a TOC success rate of 100% in intermediate and production hole applications. CBL data obtained after cementing the intermediate casing confirm the two-stage bradenhead as a placement method. In areas constrained by casing shoe pressures, CBL data identified potential areas of shallow injection. These data resulted in a modification of the fluids pumped. Use of these re-engineered fluids reduced injection initiation pressures and improved cement bonding across salt and anhydrite formations. Cementing costs were reduced by eliminating stage tools, annular casing packers, and low-density cement slurries. Pumping the bradenhead job offline (off the rig’s critical path) reduces cost further. These features support bradenhead cementing as an effective solution for wellbore sections with a potential injection zone.The regulatory requirement to place cement above depleted formations resulted in many innovative cementing methods. Stage tools, low-density slurries, and reverse circulation are attempts to avoid formation breakdown, but these methods increase cost and have limited reliability and integrity. Bradenhead cementing takes advantage of the depleted interval to aid in cement placement. Although counterintuitive, bradenhead cementing has proved to be a cost-effective solution that improves zonal isolation and eliminates integrity risks associated with stage tool failures.
Not all cities are the same: variation in animal phenotypes across cities within urban ecology studies
Authors: delBarco-Trillo Javier , Putman Breanna J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The sustained expansion of urban environments has been paralleled by an increase in the number of studies investigating the phenotypic changes of animals driven by urbanization. Most of these studies have been confined to only one urban center. However, as the types and strength of anthropogenic stressors differ across cities, a generalizable understanding of the effects of urbanization on urban-dwelling species can only be reached by comparing the responses of urban populations from the same species across more than one city. We conducted phylogenetic meta-analyses on data for animal species (including both invertebrates and vertebrates) for which measures about any morphological, physiological, or behavioral trait were reported for two or more cities. We found that morphological, physiological and behavioral traits of urban animals all differ similarly across cities, and that such phenotypic differences across cities increase as the more cities were investigated in any given study. We also found support for phenotypic differences across cities being more pronounced as the farther away cities are from each other. Our results clearly indicate that separate urban populations of the same species can diverge phenotypically, and support previous pleas from many researchers to conduct urban studies across several urban populations. We particularly recommend that future studies choose cities in different biomes, as urban adaptations may differ substantially in cities sited in different ecological matrices. Ultimately, a generalized knowledge about how organisms are affected by urbanization will only be possible when comprehensive biological patterns are similarly studied across separate and distinct cities.
A Study on the Types of the Circular Economy
Authors: Rim Gwang-Nam , An Chol-Ju , Jang Hyon-Sik , Jong Chun-Sim 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs an alternative for sustainable development, the circular economy is currently attracting great attention from many countries and regions, and is supported by various theories and practices. This paper aims to classify circular economy forms according to various markers. To this end, the authors explain the theoretical and practical background, and based on this, distinguish the circular economy form according to various signs. The research clarified that the types of circular economy can be classified according to the realization way and level, the realization target and method from the perspective of circular economy practice and theory implemented and discussed around the world. This classification is meaningful in that it systemizes the circular economy type realized by various circular economy-related theories and practices from a new angle scientifically and theoretically, and helps regions and countries to realize the circular economy form suitable for the actual situation.
A dyadic advance care planning intervention for older adults with early-stage dementia and their family caregivers in a community care setting: A feasibility trial
Authors: Yeung Cheryl Chi-Yan , Chan Helen Yue-Lai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
People with dementia gradually lose mental capacity as the disease progresses and require advance care planning (ACP) to express care preferences. However, no culturally appropriate ACP intervention has been developed to engage individuals with early-stage dementia and their family caregivers in the ACP process.
Methods
A multi-centre, quasi-experimental study was conducted to test the feasibility and acceptability of a theory-guided, dyadic ACP intervention, namely the ‘Have a Say’ programme. This three-session intervention was designed to engage person with dementia–family caregiver dyads in ACP. The feasibility of the trial design, intervention procedures, subject recruitment and retention, and study instruments were assessed. Four instruments were administered at baseline (T0), immediately after the intervention (T1), and at 1 month (T2) and 3 months post-intervention (T3). Acceptability of the intervention was determined by the satisfaction score and completion rate. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a sub-sample of completers and ACP facilitators for process evaluation.
Results
Subject recruitment from five elderly community centres yielded a recruitment rate of 60% and resulted in 36 client–caregiver dyads. The intervention was acceptable to the dyads, as indicated by the mean satisfaction score of 4.4 out of 5 and completion rate of 94.4%. The attrition rates at T1, T2, and T3 were 5.6%, 11.1%, and 19.4%, respectively. Participants responded to all study instruments except the ACP engagement survey by individuals with dementia. Qualitative interviews revealed that the strengths of the intervention were triadic involvement of and trusting relationships among the individuals with dementia, their family caregivers and ACP facilitators, and documentation of clients’ views and care preferences. Two implementation challenges related to the structured format of the intervention and discussion about medical issues were also identified.
Conclusions
This ACP intervention and trial design were feasible and acceptable to the dyads in the community care setting. Several refinements for the intervention were identified, including an additional nurse-led group-based session, flexibility to arrange dyadic sessions, and measuring of ACP engagement for both individuals with dementia and family caregivers. A definitive randomised controlled trial to test the refined intervention is warranted.
Trial registration
Retrospectively registered on 14/08/2020 at clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04513106).
Guidance of swallowing test in determining the route of feeding in the palliative care unit
Authors: Zengin Hilal , Evin Nimet , Ünlü Ceren Ersöz , Arıcı Sena , Yıldırım Vedat , Taşçı İlker 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Evaluation of dysphagia in palliative care patients is an important indicator of care. In this study, it was evaluated how the swallowing test in palliative care patients guides the course of feeding route. Materials-Methods: This single center, retrospective study evaluated palliative care patients who underwent bedside dysphagia evaluation. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with dysphagia who could continue oral feeding. Results: The study included 65 patients [Age, mean ± SD: 76.2 ± 12.2 years (37 to 94 years); males: 53.8%). Two (3.3%) patients were not suitable for oral/enteral feeding. Thirty-eight (58.5%) patients had dysphagia, whereas 27 (41.5%) patients were found to have no dysphagia. Following admission, the route of feeding was modified in 49.2% of the sample. The proportion of patients who returned to oral feeding was 29.2% (n = 19), whereas 13.8% (n = 9) and 6.2% (n = 6) of the sample received PEG and nasoenteral tube placement, respectively. Among 33 patients who were on tube-feeding on admission, 12 (36.4%) individuals returned to oral feeding during their palliative care unit stay. Seven (58.4%) of these subjects who regained oral feeding were on nasoenteral tube feeding and 5 (41.6%) were on PEG feeding on admission. Conclusions: The present study showed a high rate of dysphagia on admission to palliative care unıt. On the other hand, safe and adequate oral feeding could be re-initiated in almost one-third of the patients with dysphagia on admission.
Fish oil, Azadirachta indica and Curcuma longa improve feed efficiency and meat quality of the broiler chicken
Authors: Hossain Md Emran , Adhikary Kona , Akter Nasima , Bhowmik Priunka , Sultan Md. Nahid , Islam Shilpi , Das Goutam Buddha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Total 288 Ross-308 male broiler chicks were randomly distributed in a complete block design at 2×3 (Two different phytochemicals, i.e., Azadirachta indica, and Curcuma longa at three different levels, i.e., 0, 0.063, and 0.125% of the basal diet) factorial arrangement. Final live weight (FLW), average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), carcass characteristics, cardio-pulmonary morphometry, haemato-biochemical indices, gut morphology, ileal nutrient digestibility, tibia morphometry, meat quality and fatty acid profile were measured. Results indicated that, supplementation of Azadirachta indica leaf meal (AILM) decreased the FLW, ADFI, ADG, gizzard weight, right ventricular diameter and increased the FE, tibia calcium content, left ventricular weight and the ratio of right and left ventricle. The AILM substantially increased the malonaldehyde concentration in the Pectoralis major muscle of the broiler chicken at 7th and day 14th days. The Curcuma longa powder (CLP) decreased the FLW, ADFI and ADG without affecting the FE and increased the weight of right ventricle, left ventricle and tibia length. The AILM and CLP interacted to decrease the ADFI, total saturated fatty acid content and increase the FE, ω-6, ω-9, total unsaturated fatty acids, total poly-unsaturated fatty acids and the ratio of total unsaturated: saturated fatty acid in the breast muscle of the broiler chicken. It was concluded that Azadirachta indica and Curcuma longa in combination with fish oil improved the FE and meat quality of the broiler chicken at the expense of ADFI and ADG.
Leadership Models and Change Management: A Systematic Review
Authors: Agazu Biniam Getnet , Birbirsa Zerihun Ayenew , Werke Shimels Zewdie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The goal of the study was to thoroughly examine the organizational change management and leadership paradigms utilized in various industries. There are various leadership models that can be applied in various situations and change models that are used in various organizations, but there is no evidence of the effectiveness of these models when it comes to managing organizational change, and they aren't discussed as a group in a systematic way either. A research topic that has been highlighted by the studies is to present and examine the leadership models that are most frequently utilized in organizational change management. The past literature on empirical and theoretical topics is compiled via a systematic review. An analysis of the content that is qualitative and descriptive was planned. Scopus, Web of Science, Taylor & Francis, Google Scholar, Emerald, and PubMed search results were for research. The following leadership theories were examined: the Great-Man Theory, the Trait Theory, the Behavioural Theories, the Contingency Theories, the Situational Leadership Theory, the Path-Goal Theory, the Leader Participation Model, the Leader-Member Exchange Theory, the Transformational Theory, the Transactional Theory, the Authentic Leadership theory, the Ethical Leadership theory, and the Servant Leadership theory. Various change management models were also examined, including ADKAR, Kurt Lewin's Change Model the majority of researchers worked on separately examining leadership models and change management in various businesses, but they mostly focused on transformational leadership combined with change management strategies that are helpful in organizational transition. The findings of this study support the widespread use of transformational leadership styles in businesses that were undergoing change. Therefore, it is advised that rather than generalizing the theories, future scholars conduct study by filling up these gaps and concentrating on geographical areas where it is possible to apply leadership models to certain sectors.
Elevated cerebrospinal fluid sTREM2 is associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction after thoracoabdominal aortic dissection surgery
Authors: Wang Kexin , Cao Xuezhao , Li Zhe , Liu Sidan , Zhou Yongjian , Guo Lili , Li Pengli 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) concentration is increased in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in early symptomatic phase of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study investigated whether CSF sTREM2 has a relationship with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in cardiac surgery patients.
Methods
A total of 82 patients undergoing thoracoabdominal aortic replacement were recruited in this study. Neuropsychological testing battery was conducted before and after surgery. POCD was defined as a Z-score > 1.96 on at least 2 different tests or Telephone Interviews for Cognitive Status-Modified (TICS-M) score < 27. The CSF and serum sTREM2, Aβ42, T-tau and P-tau were collected and measured by ELISA on day before surgery and postoperative day 3.
Results
Patients were classified into POCD (n = 34) and non-POCD (n = 48) groups according to Z-score. Compared to non-POCD group, the levels of CSF sTREM2 (p < 0.001) and serum sTREM2 (p = 0.001) were significantly higher in POCD group on postoperative day 3, the levels of Aβ42 (p = 0.005) and Aβ42/T-tau ratio (p = 0.036) were significantly lower in POCD group on postoperative day 3. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that higher value of postoperative CSF sTREM2 (odds ratio: 1.06, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.11, p = 0.009), age (OR: 1.15, 95%CI: 1.03–1.28, p = 0.014) and POD duration (OR: 2.47, 95%CI: 1.15–5.29, p = 0.02) were the influencing factors of POCD.
Conclusion
This study indicates that elevated CSF sTREM2 is associated with an increased risk of early POCD.
Applications of GIS and Remote Sensing in Groundwater potential zoning of Srikakulam district in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Penki Ramu , Basina Sai Santosh , Nyayapathi Priyanka 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Groundwater supplies across the world are under tremendous strain due to overuse and noticeable climatic changes over time. The requirement to assess groundwater potential and aquifer productivity rises along with the global need for potable water for human consumption, agriculture, and industrial applications. Because they are quick and will give first-hand knowledge on the resource for future projects, geographic information system-based studies have recently become quite popular in groundwater exploration. With this in mind, the current work uses remote sensing and GIS techniques to select and define groundwater potential zones for the evaluation of groundwater availability in the Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh, India.In the current work, an analytical hierarchical process approach (AHP) was combined with a geographic information system. For the purpose of defining the groundwater potential zone, a total of 12 thematic layers, including slope, rainfall, curvature, soil, drainage density, lineament density, topographic wetness index, land surface temperature, elevation, land use & land cover, lithology, and groundwater fluctuation, were taken into consideration. According to their qualities and water potential capacity as determined by the AHP technique, weights are allocated to each class in all thematic maps. To determine the groundwater potential zones, overlay analysis was performed after the creation of all the maps. The resulting groundwater potential zone map, which had a ground water potential index of 33, was divided into five classes which are ranging from very high to very low.
Mitigating DoS attack in MANETs considering node reputation with AI
Authors: Joardar Subrata , Sinhababu Nilanjan , Dey Soumyodeep , Choudhury Prasenjit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) is a decentralized and dynamically adoptable network. It is infrastructure less and hence can be used where a fixed configuration is not possible or required. MANETs have various real-life applications and hence have gained the attention of research community. Security is an integral part of any computer network system and MANETs are no different. This paper focuses on solving DoS attacks in MANET and shows that a general classification model might fail to identify this kind of attacks as these models fail to differentiate between network errors and a real DoS attack. A reputation-based node classification scheme is proposed to improve identification of real DoS attacks versus any other cause that might not be an attack. Results showed that our proposed reputation-based approach when integrated with any classifier increases its accuracy by around 3.25%. Further, the combined model is able to block real DoS attacks and allow any other cause which is not an attack.
WITHDRAWN: Blockchain Technology with Deep Learning Adoptation for Various Applications: Vision and Future Opportunities
Authors: Afaq Yasir , Manocha Ankush 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A recent study has successfully focused on Deep Learning and Blockchain technologies because of their tremendous potential for producing reliable decisions. The bulk of contemporary deep learning techniques implemented on centralized servers gives operational transparency, traceability, reliability, security, and reliable data provenance qualities. Deep Learning models are therefore susceptible to the single point of failure problem since they are trained using centralized data. The advantages of merging Blockchain with Deep Learning algorithms are examined in this paper. Additionally, current research is examined to determine the best strategy to combine these two technologies for the best outcome.