bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probing the dispersive properties of optical fibers with an array of femtosecond-written fiber Bragg gratings
Authors: Boilard Tommy , Vallée Réal , Bernier Martin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe propose an efficient method to determine the effective refractive index of step-index optical fibers from the visible to the mid-IR and thus allowing to infer their dispersive properties over a broad spectral range. The validity of the method, based on the writing of an array of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) with known periods using the fs scanning phase mask technique, is first confirmed with a standard silica fiber, then applied to various fluoride glass fibers to determine their effective refractive index and dispersion over more than three octaves, i.e. from 550 to 4800 nm.
An new elastic–plastic analytical solution of circular tunnel under non-axisymmetric conditions
Authors: Li Guofeng , Li Ning , Bai Yue , Yang Min 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe surrounding rock is in the initial stress state before the tunnel excavation, and it undergoes the stress redistribution to reach the secondary stress state after the tunnel excavation. The surrounding rock is not only the main load source but also is an important part of the load bearing structure. Once the stress of some zone in the surrounding rock exceeds the strength of the rock mass, the part surrounding rock will enter into a state of plasticity or failure. Analytical solution is the most powerful mean to analyze this kind of underground cavern engineering problems. However, the existing solutions can not directly or simultaneously obtain the secondary stress field and excavation disturbance displacement field that we are concerned about. The implicit approximate solution cannot be degenerated to an accurate axisymmetric expression for the most existing non-axisymmetric elastic–plastic solutions. Therefore, this paper derives the elastic solution of a circular tunnel under the condition of the non-axisymmetric external load with the radial and shear inner loads. On this basis, the new elastic–plastic solution and the plastic zone radius equation of the circular tunnel under the conditions of the non-axisymmetric external load with radial inner load are derived. It can directly obtain the secondary stress field and excavation disturbance displacement field, and can degenerate to an accurate axisymmetric expression. The distribution characteristics of the analytical solution are in good agreement with the numerical test results, indicating that the new solution can provide a relatively accurate theoretical basis for the analysis and research of tunnel engineering.
Potential cross-species correlations in social hierarchy and memory between mice and young children
Authors: Chou Yu-Ju , Ma Yu-Kai , Lu Yi-Han , King Jung-Tai , Tasi Wen-Sheng , Yang Shi-Bing , Kuo Tsung-Han 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSocial hierarchy is associated with various phenotypes. Although memory is known to be important for hierarchy formation, the difference in memory abilities between dominant and subordinate individuals remains unclear. In this study, we examined memory performance in mice with different social ranks and found better memory abilities in dominant mice, along with greater long-term potentiation and higher memory-related gene expression in the hippocampus. Daily injection of memory-improving drugs could also enhance dominance. To validate this correlation across species, through inventory, behavioral and event-related potential studies, we identified better memory abilities in preschool children with higher social dominance. Better memory potentially helped children process dominance facial cues and learn social strategies to acquire higher positions. Our study shows a remarkable similarity between humans and mice in the association between memory and social hierarchy and provides valuable insight into social interactions in young animals, with potential implications for preschool education.
Agreement Between Caloric and Horizontal Video Head Impulse Testing in School-Aged Children Presenting With Dizziness
Authors: Piker Erin G. , Picou Erin , Jacobson Gary P. , Coltisor Allison 
Published: March 2022

Objective:The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship between the horizontal semicircular canal video head impulse test (hvHIT) and the caloric test in a sample of school-age children evaluated due to complaints of dizziness or imbalance. In adults, these two tests provide different but complementary information regarding vestibular function and/or pathology. However, the most common causes of vestibular loss in children are different than those in adults, and it is not clear how these two tests of horizontal semicircular canal function are related in a pediatric population.Method:This is a retrospective study of electronic records of pediatric patients (< 18 years old) who were referred for vestibular function testing and completed both hvHIT and caloric testing. Agreement between both test results was evaluated by examining measures of sensitivity, specificity, and calculating Cohen's kappa.Results:Results from 117 patients (mean age = 13.7 years, age range: 8–17 years, 37 males) were analyzed. Most patients (97/115 [84.3%]) demonstrated both normal hvHIT and caloric test results. Compared to caloric testing, the hvHIT had poor sensitivity (38.9%) and excellent specificity (98.0%). Cohen's kappa analysis revealed moderate agreement between the methods (coefficient = 0.49 [0.24, 0.73]). Where disagreement between the two tests occurred, the final diagnosis was not contingent on either test result.Conclusions:There is a moderate agreement between the hvHIT and the caloric test in pediatric patients presenting to a tertiary care medical center for a vestibular evaluation. Most patients in this cohort presented with normal findings. The specificity of hvHIT was excellent, although the sensitivity was low. This may be related to the low prevalence of peripheral vestibular system disease in this study cohort, and these results do not generalize to centers that serve populations of children where vestibular disorders are more prevalent (e.g., children with sensorineural hearing loss).
Reliability modelling and optimization for microservice‐based cloud application using multi‐agent system
Authors: Liu Zheng , Yu Huiqun , Fan Guisheng , Chen Liqiong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the process of the continuous development of the Internet of Things, cloud computing has been applied in many fields, how to guarantee the quality of service, such as low latency, high bandwidth, high reliability etc., has become a challenging problem. This paper proposes a method to model and optimize reliability for microservice‐based cloud applications using multi‐agent system (MAS), thus maximizing the reliability of cloud computing and dynamically scheduling microservices to minimize the delay within the budget. Firstly, a dynamic microservice scheduling scheme is proposed to provide efficient computing services by using MAS. A hierarchical cloud computing model is formed by predicated Petri net (PrT net) and the properties of constructed model are analysed. Secondly, agents have been utilized to describe the essential characteristics of microservice scheduling process in the cloud applications. The partial critical path (PCP) aims to maximize the reliability of cloud applications under the limitation of budget and meet the user‐defined deadline. Finally, the proposed PCPRO algorithm has been applied to cloud environment, which is suitable for different scientific workflows in the cloud computing environment. The effectiveness of this method is verified by simulation, the experiment results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Damping inter‐area oscillation using reinforcement learning controlled TCSC
Authors: Huang Renke , Gao Wei , Fan Rui , Huang Qiuhua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInter‐area oscillation is a serious problem that threatens a power system. Appropriate damping control of the inter‐area oscillation would ensure the grid stability and maintain the tie‐line power transfer capability. In this paper, a novel reinforcement learning (RL) based power oscillation damping (POD) controller is proposed that uses Thyristor Controlled Series Compensators (TCSC) to damp inter‐area oscillations. By leveraging the unbiased gradient direction estimation of the natural evolution strategy (NES), the power flows on the tie‐lines were successfully regulated and inter‐area oscillations were damped through dynamically modulating the inserted reactance of the TCSC. Furthermore, parallel computation techniques were adopted to speed up the training process of the NES. The proposed RL‐based POD controller has been tested on both two‐area four‐machine system and North American MinniWECC system. Extensive studies have demonstrated the excellent performance of the proposed RL‐based TCSC POD controller in damping inter‐area oscillations.
Analysis of soil impulse discharge characteristics based on optical‐electrical synchronous observation
Authors: Li Yuanjie , Li Chun , Lu Hailiang , Liu Gang , Cai Hansheng , Chen Huaifei , Lan Lei , Wen Xishan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe impulse performance of grounding electrodes highly depends on soil impulse discharge characteristics. The analysis of soil discharge dynamic process images is helpful to understand the impulse discharge mechanism of grounding electrodes. This paper designed an optical‐electrical synchronous observation platform for simulate soil (SiO2 crystal) discharge, and discharge dynamic process images is obtained by high‐speed camera. Through analysing breakdown delay time and thermal power before breakdown, it is found that soil impulse discharge is mainly an electrical breakdown process, and soil ionization intensity is positively correlated with the light intensity emitted by whole soil sample in breakdown channel development stage. The time from voltage application to the occurrence of ionization is defined as initial ionization delay time (IIDT). Using image processing technology, the change curve of optical image average grayscale value with time in the process of soil discharge is obtained, and a calculation method of IIDT is proposed by comparing the difference between average grayscale value curve and background image average grayscale value. Experiment results show that IIDT is negatively correlated with impulse voltage, particle size and water content, but not with salt content.
Multi‐scale single image dehazing based on the fusion of global and local features
Authors: Chen Ziyu , Zhuang Huaiyu , Han Jia , Cui Yani , Deng Jiaxian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAiming at the problems of incomplete dehazing of a single image and unnaturalness of the restored image, a multi‐scale single‐image defogging network with local features fused with global features is proposed, using fog and non‐fogging image pairs train the network in a direct end‐to‐end manner. The network is divided into global feature extraction module, multi‐scale feature extraction module and deep fusion module. The global feature extraction module extracts global features that characterize the contour; multi‐scale feature extraction module extracts features at different scales to improve learning accuracy; in the deep fusion module, the convolutional layer extracts the local features that describe the image content, and then the local features and the global features are merged through skip connections. Comparative experiments were carried out on artificially synthesized fog images and real fog images. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed here can achieve the ideal dehazing effect, and is superior to other comparison algorithms in subjective and objective aspects.
H‐plane horn antenna with very low side lobes using partially dielectric‐filled gap waveguide technology
Authors: Mohammadpour Mohammad , Mohajeri Farzad , Razavi Parizi Seyed Ali 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, two H‐plane horn antennae are designed using groove and ridge gap waveguide (GGW and RGW) techniques. In the proposed structures, the gap waveguide is partially filled with a dielectric to control the amplitude and phase distribution across the antenna aperture so that a very low side lobe level (SLL) can be achieved. Two sample antennae are designed and simulated for the frequency range from 12 to 16 GHz, and the prototypes are fabricated. The fabricated antennae show quite wide impedance bandwidth (S11 ≤ 10 dB) of 28% and 32% for the RGW and GGW versions, respectively. The obtained maximum side lobe level for the designed GGW and RGW horns is about −30 and −24 dB, respectively, over the operating bandwidth. In comparison with state‐of‐the‐art designs, the proposed structures introduce much lower SLL.
Fast Fourier transform for fingerprint enhancement and features extraction with adaptive block size using orientation fields
Authors: Amina Ait Aoudia , Dominique Michelucci , Youcef Zafoune 
Published: March 2022

Extracting minutiae from a digital fingerprint is a crucial step in a fingerprint-based recognition systems. This work deals with poor-quality fingerprint images containing broken ridges. The enhancement stage connects broken ridges and is essential for extracting correct minutiae. We use a FFT variant [8]	for this stage, but, to truly benefit from FFT in a block, it is essential to determine a suitable block size, depending on ridges orientation field. We propose to use a quadtree to partition the ridges orientation field into homogeneous blocks. A block is homogeneous when at least seventy percent of its ridges orientations are within ten degrees. Another issue addressed in this article is the choice of a suitable neighborhood window size W for computing orientation field image, depending on the fingerprint image quality. The performance improvements of our algorithm are evaluated and compared with standard measures MSE, PSNR and GI, on databases DB1 to DB4 of FVC2004 and NIST special database SD302d.
Individualized feedback on colonoscopy skills improves group colonoscopy quality in providers with lower adenoma detection rates
Authors: Keswani Rajesh N. , Wood Mariah , Benson Mark , Gawron Andrew J. , Kahi Charles , Kaltenbach Tonya , Yadlapati Rena , Gregory Dyanna , Duloy Anna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Colonoscopy inspection quality (CIQ) assesses skills (fold examination, cleaning, and luminal distension) during inspection for polyps and correlates with adenoma detection rate (ADR) and serrated detection rate (SDR). We aimed to determine whether providing individualized CIQ feedback with instructional videos improves quality metrics performance.
Methods We prospectively studied 16 colonoscopists who already received semiannual benchmarked reports of quality metrics (ADR, SDR, and withdrawal time [WT]). We randomly selected seven colonoscopies/colonoscopist for evaluation. Six gastroenterologists graded CIQ using an established scale. We created instructional videos demonstrating optimal and poor inspection techniques. Colonoscopists received the instructional videos and benchmarked CIQ performance. We compared ADR, SDR, and WT in the 12 months preceding (“baseline”) and following CIQ feedback. Colonoscopists were stratified by baseline ADR into lower (≤ 34 %) and higher-performing (> 34 %) groups.
Results Baseline ADR was 38.5 % (range 26.8 %–53.8 %) and SDR was 11.2 % (2.8 %–24.3 %). The proportion of colonoscopies performed by lower-performing colonoscopists was unchanged from baseline to post-CIQ feedback. All colonoscopists reviewed their CIQ report cards. Post-feedback, ADR (40.1 % vs 38.5 %, P = 0.1) and SDR (12.2 % vs. 11.2 %, P = 0.1) did not significantly improve; WT significantly increased (11.4 vs 12.4 min, P < 0.01). Among the eight lower-performing colonoscopists, group ADR (31.1 % vs 34.3 %, P = 0.02) and SDR (7.2 % vs 9.1 %, P = 0.02) significantly increased post-feedback. In higher-performing colonoscopists, ADR and SDR did not change.
Conclusions CIQ feedback modestly improves ADR and SDR among colonoscopists with lower baseline ADR but has no effect on higher-performing colonoscopists. Individualized feedback on colonoscopy skills could be used to improve polyp detection by lower-performing colonoscopists.
Postoperatives Monitoring freier Muskellappenplastiken mittels perforatorbasierten adipokutanen Monitorinseln: Ökonomie, Versorgungsqualität und Ästhetik
Authors: Nagel Sarah Sopie , Thomas Benjamin , Bigdeli Amir K. , Hirche Christoph , Kneser Ulrich , Radu Christian Andreas 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Freie Muskellappenplastiken zur Rekonstruktion großer Weichteildefekte sind neben fasziokutanen Lappenplastiken etablierte mikrochirurgische Standardverfahren. Diese werden häufig mit adipokutanen Monitorinseln zur Durchblutungskontrolle geplant. In unserer Klinik werden sowohl konventionelle, breitbasig aufsitzende adipokutane Monitorinseln (random pattern), als auch perforatorbasierte Monitorinseln verwendet. Während konventionelle Monitorinseln in einer zweiten Operation abgetragen werden müssen und der verbliebene Defekt mit Spalthauttransplantaten versorgt werden muss, können perforatorbasierte Monitorinseln am Patientenbett mittels einfacher Ligatur entfernt werden. In der vorliegenden Studie sollen ökonomische, versorgungsqualitative und ästhetische Aspekte perforatorbasierter versus herkömmlicher adipokutaner Monitorinseln nach freiem Muskellappentransfer verglichen werden.
Patienten und Methoden Im Zeitraum von August 2014 bis Juli 2016 konnten anhand einer retrospektiven Datenanalyse 102 geeignete Patienten identifiziert werden. Patienten mit perforatorbasierter Monitorinsel (Gruppe A) wurden einem Kollektiv von Patienten mit breitbasig aufsitzender Monitorinsel (Gruppe B) gegenübergestellt. Patientencharakteristika, Operationszeiten, ökonomische Daten und ästhetische Ergebnisse wurden zwischen den Gruppen verglichen.
Ergebnisse Bei 72 Patienten wurden perforatorbasierte (Gruppe A, 71 %), bei 30 Patienten konventionelle (Gruppe B, 29 %) Monitorinseln gehoben. Patienten-, Defekt- und Lappencharakteristika waren in beiden Gruppen vergleichbar. Operations- und Säulenzeit waren in Gruppe B tendenziell kürzer, jedoch ohne statistische Signifikanz zu erreichen (p = 0,35; p = 0,28). Die Entfernung der Monitorinsel in Gruppe A erfolgte signifikant früher (p < 0,01). Sowohl die gesamtstationäre als auch die postrekonstruktive Verweildauer waren in Gruppe A signifikant kürzer (p = 0,03; p < 0,01). Personelle und materielle Ressourcen konnten in Gruppe A geschont und ein ästhetisch ansprechenderes Ergebnis erzielt werden.
Schlussfolgerung Mit perforatorbasierten Monitorinseln kann eine zweite Operation zur Monitorinselabtragung und Hauttransplantation vermieden werden. Hierdurch kann eine Reduktion der stationären Verweildauern mit Schonung der materiellen und personellen Ressourcen erreicht werden.
Kontrastmittelinduziertes Nierenversagen
Authors: Gohlisch Christopher 
Published: March 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEin akutes Nierenschädigungsereignis bedeutet für Patienten ein erhöhtes Mortalitätsrisiko, Morbiditätsrisiko sowie ein erhöhtes Risiko für eine chronische Nierenerkrankung. Daher stellt sich im klinischen Alltag stets die Frage, wie eine akute Nierenschädigung nicht nur behandelt, sondern v. a. auch präventiv vermieden werden kann. In erster Linie gilt es, Patienten durch diagnostische und therapeutische Maßnahmen nicht mehr zu schaden als zu helfen. Die wahrscheinlich am häufigsten genutzte Diagnostik im medizinischen Alltag stellt sicher die Bildgebung und die damit häufig verbundene Gabe von Kontrastmittel (KM) dar, dessen Einfluss auf die Nierenfunktion durchaus kontrovers ist. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die aktuelle Datenlage und den wissenschaftlichen Diskurs bzgl. des kontrastmittelinduzierten Nierenversagens (KIN).
PET-CT-Diagnostik in der Nephrologie für nichtonkologische Indikationen
Authors: Babic Milen , van der Giet Markus 
Published: March 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie PET-CT kombiniert ein nuklearmedizinisches Verfahren (PET: Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie) mit einem topografischen, bildgebenden Verfahren (CT: Computertomografie), um stoffwechselaktive Prozesse darstellen zu können und diese möglichst präzise anatomischen Strukturen zuzuordnen. Die PET-CT-Diagnostik hat mittlerweile vor allem für onkologische Indikationen einen festen Stellenwert. Darüber hinaus gibt es einige interessante Anwendungen in der Differenzialdiagnostik bzw. Diagnosesicherung bei renalen Fragestellungen nichtonkologischer Erkrankungen. In der vorliegenden Übersicht werden einige Beispiele genannt, bei welchen die PET-CT-Diagnostik sehr hilfreich sein kann, um eine renale Krankheit besser zu charakterisieren oder deren Lokalisation zu spezifizieren.
Ältere Patienten in der Psychosomatischen Klinik – Gesundheit, Bindung und Mentalisierung
Authors: Peters Meinolf 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungBislang ist wenig bekannt über ältere Menschen, die in Psychosomatischen Kliniken behandelt werden, obwohl die Behandlungszahlen dieser Altersgruppe zunehmen. In der hier vorgestellten Untersuchung wurde eine Stichprobe über 60jähriger Patienten dreier Psychosomatischer Kliniken (N=83) und eine Stichprobe klinisch nicht auffälliger Probanden (N=89) gleichen Alters untersucht. Neben gesundheitlichen Variablen, in denen sich die älteren Patienten von den klinisch nicht-auffälligen Probanden sowie von jüngeren Patienten unterschieden, wurde der Zusammenhang von Bindung und Mentalisierung im Rahmen zweier Regressionsanalysen genauer untersucht. Dabei zeigte sich, dass bindungsbezogene Angst und bindungsbezogene Vermeidung in der klinischen Gruppe signifikant stärker ausgeprägt sind, jedoch mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Mentalisierungsaspekten einhergehen. Abschließend werden einige Schlussfolgerungen im Hinblick auf die Behandlung älterer Patienten in Psychosomatischen Kliniken gezogen. Schlüsselwörter: Psychosomatische Klinik, ältere Patienten, Gesundheit, Bindung, Mentalisierung
Umgang ambulanter Psychotherapeut*innen mit traumatischen Erfahrungen von Patient*innen unter Berücksichtigung einer traumatherapeutischen Zusatzqualifikation
Authors: Lüders Juliane , Sander Christian , Leonhard Anya , Schäfer Ingo , Speerforck Sven , Schomerus Georg 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Untersuchung der Unterschiede im Umgang mit traumatischen Erfahrungen von Patient*innen zwischen Psychotherapeut*innen mit und ohne traumatherapeutischer Weiterbildung (tWB) beziehungsweise Teilqualifikation.
Methodik Onlinebefragung von ambulanten Psychotherapeut*innen (N = 148) zu möglichen Hindernissen in der Thematisierung traumatischer Erfahrungen von Patient*innen sowie dem selbstberichteten berufspraktischen Handeln.
Ergebnisse Das Vorliegen einer tWB ist assoziiert mit einem höheren Kompetenzerleben im berufspraktischen Handeln und weniger Hindernisse in der Thematisierung traumatischer Erfahrungen.
Schlussfolgerung Ein geringeres Kompetenzerleben von Psychotherapeut*innen ohne tWB spricht für den Bedarf obligatorischer Weiterbildungsmaßnahmen. Der Ausbau von niederschwelligen Behandlungsangeboten für Betroffene von traumatischen Erfahrungen und der Abbau von Zugangsbarrieren sind dringend notwendig.