bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of esophageal hypervigilance and anxiety status in patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease: A single‐center study in Taiwan
Authors: Wong Ming‐Wun , Liang Shu‐Wei , Hung Jui‐Sheng , Liu Tso‐Tsai , Yi Chih‐Hsun , Lei Wei‐Yi , Wang Jen‐Hung , Chen Chien‐Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe esophageal hypervigilance and anxiety scale (EHAS) is a valuable cognitive‐affective evaluation of visceral sensitivity, which has been demonstrated to associate with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptom severity and psychological stress. We aimed to obtain the values for EHAS in the setting of patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) without GERD symptoms and investigate potential clinical factors contributing level of EHAS in symptomatic patients. Patients scheduled EGD with or without GERD symptoms were prospectively enrolled for assessing patient‐reported outcomes, including EHAS and GERD questionnaire (GERDQ). Patients without GERD symptoms had GERDQ ≤8 were classified as controls. Potential factors influencing the level of EHAS were identified via generalized linear model. We enrolled 534 patients, aged 20 to 84 years (mean, 52.78), of whom 54.2% were female; 110 had GERD symptoms, and 418 were controls. Patients with GERD symptoms had higher EHAS levels than controls (28.7 vs 10.2, P < .001). On generalized linear model GERDQ scores and female gender positively correlated with EHAS (GERDQ, β = 2.254, P < .001; female, β = 3.828, P = .001). In summary, our study suggests that greater esophageal hypervigilance and anxiety are associated with reflux symptoms burden across the spectrum of GERD, and correlate with female gender too.
BMI decline patterns and relation to dementia risk across four decades of follow‐up in the Framingham Study
Authors: Li Jinlei , Liu Chunyu , Ang Ting Fang Alvin , Au Rhoda 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundObesity has been associated with increased risk of dementia with several studies reporting a reverse causality, with weight loss preceding the onset of dementia.MethodsTwo thousand forty‐five non‐demented Framingham Offspring participants, aged 30 to 50 years, were included to determine effect of body mass index (BMI) decline patterns from mid‐ to late life over a 39‐year follow‐up. Group‐based trajectory models were used to create BMI trajectories.ResultsDecreasing BMI trends were associated with higher risk of developing dementia in late life. Decliners with first early mid‐life increasing and then later mid‐life declining patterns of BMI were at greater increased risk of dementia compared to non‐decliners (hazard ratio 3.84, 95% confidence interval 1.39–10.60).ConclusionWhile patterns of decline in BMI were associated with dementia, a subgroup with a pattern of initial increasing BMI followed by declining BMI, both occurring within mid‐life, appeared to be central to declining BMI–dementia association. Further validations are needed to provide robust conclusions.
Collective Behavior in Quantum Interference: A Supplementary Superposition Principle
Authors: Kowalski Frank V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn interferometer in which all of its components are treated as quantum bodies is examined with the standard interpretation and with a model in which its uncoupled spatially separated components act collectively. These models utilize superposition principles that differ when applied to systems composed of three or more bodies. Interferometric discrepancies between these models that involve frequency shifts and recoil are shown to be difficult to measure. More pronounced differences involve quantum correlated interference. The collective model provides a missing connection between quantum and semiclassical theories. Scattering from an entangled state, which cannot be divided into disjoint parts, is proposed to involve such collective recoil. Collective scattering offers a viable supplement to the standard model, thereby providing insight into constructing tests of the superposition principle in systems with three or more bodies.
Gravitational Redshift Induces Quantum Interference
Authors: Bruschi David Edward , Schell Andreas Wolfgang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractQuantum field theory in curved spacetime is used to show that gravitational redshift induces a unitary transformation on the quantum state of propagating photons. It is found that the transformation is a mode‐mixing operation, and a protocol that exploits gravity to induce a Hong–Ou–Mandel‐like interference effect on the state of two photons is devised. It is discussed how the results of this work can provide a demonstration of quantum field theory in curved spacetime.
Fast and Robust Nondestructive Parity Meter for Cat‐State Qubits via Reverse Engineering and Optimal Control
Authors: Li Dong‐Sheng , Kang Yi‐Hao , Zhao Xin‐Yu , Song Jie , Xia Yan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a protocol for nondestructive parity meter (NPM) of two cat‐state qubits is proposed. The physical model contains two cavities and an auxiliary qubit. For each cavity, the quantum information is encoded on the odd and even cat state, forming a cat‐state qubit. By adjusting the strength of the driving field on the auxiliary qubit, an effective Hamiltonian for cavity‐selective transition is derived. Moreover, reverse engineering based on the effective Hamiltonian is applied to find the evolution path, and the systematic‐error‐sensitivity nullification method is used to select proper parameters of the evolution path. In this way, robust control fields are designed to combat the influence of the systematic errors. Furthermore, the effects of random noise and decoherence on the fidelity of the protocol are considered. Numerical simulations show that the protocol is insensitive to the experimental imperfection, including systematic errors, random noise and decoherence. Therefore, the protocol is expected to expand the vision of realizing NPM.
Generation of Perfectly Entangled Two and Three Qubits States by Classical Random Interaction
Authors: Akram Javed 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study examines the possibility of finding perfect entanglers for a Hamiltonian which corresponds to several quantum information platforms of interest at the present time. However, in this study, a superconducting circuit is used that stands out from other quantum‐computing devices, especially because transmon qubits can be coupled via capacitors or microwave cavities, which enables to combine high coherence, fast gates, and high flexibility in its design parameters. There are currently two factors limiting the performance of superconducting processors: timing mismatch and the limitation of entangling gates to two qubits. In this work, a two‐qubit SWAP and a three‐qubit Fredkin gate is presented, additionally, a perfect adiabatic entanglement generation between two and three programmable superconducting qubits is also demonstrated. Furthermore, the impact of random dephasing, emission, and absorption noises on the quantum gates and entanglement is also demonstrated in this study. It is demonstrated by numerical simulation that CSWAP gate and W‐state generation can be achieved perfectly in one step with high reliability under weak coupling conditions. Hence, this scheme could contribute to quantum teleportation, quantum communication, and some other areas of quantum information processing.
Effects of thermal aging on damage evolution behavior of glass fiber reinforced composites with multilayer graphene by acoustic emission
Authors: Wang Jie , Zhou Wei , Guo Xue‐yin , Su Ming‐ming , Ma Lian‐hua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe thermal aging behavior of glass fiber reinforced composites has attracted much attention because of its application in elevated temperatures environments. In this study, to improve the thermal aging resistance performance of composites, multilayer graphene was embedded in glass fiber reinforced composites and the damage evolution behaviors of the composites after thermal aging treatments were investigated. The mapping relationship between damage modes and acoustic emission parameters is established by principal component analysis andk‐means clustering methods, then the acoustic emission data were trained by K‐Nearest Neighbor algorithms to obtain a damage modes identification model with positive predictive values above 90%. The results showed that more matrix cracking signals are captured (or matrix cracking accumulation acoustic emission (AE) energy is abruptly raised) at the early stage of loading after 32 days of thermal aging. With the addition of multilayer graphene, the fiber/matrix debonding accumulation AE energy is significantly less than the matrix cracking accumulation AE energy, which is more obvious after thermal aging. Damage initiation and extension obtained by the acoustic emission events help to find the correlation between aging time and interior interface damage mechanism.
Double‐Site Occupation Triggered Broadband and Tunable NIR‐I and NIR‐II Luminescence in AlNbO4:Cr3+ Phosphors
Authors: Lyu Kuangnan , Liu Gaochao , Molokeev Maxim S. , Xia Zhiguo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) phosphor‐converted light‐emitting diodes (pc‐LEDs) are desired for optoelectronic and biomedical applications, while the development of target broadband NIR phosphors still remains a significant challenge. Herein, a kind of Cr3+‐doped AlNbO4 phosphors with a broad NIR emission ranging from 650 to 1400 nm under 450 nm excitation are reported. A giant red‐shift emission peak from 866 to 1020 nm together with broadened full width at half‐maximum of 320 nm is achieved simply by varying the doped Cr3+ concentrations. Structural and spectroscopy analysis demonstrate that a concentration‐dependent site‐occupation of Cr3+ emitters in different Al3+ sites is responsible for the tunable NIR luminescence. The as‐fabricated NIR pc‐LED based on optimized AlNbO4:Cr3+ phosphor exhibits great potential in night‐vision applications. This work provides a novel design principle on the Cr3+‐doped AlNbO4 phosphor with tunable broadband luminescence from NIR‐I to NIR‐II, and these materials can be employed in NIR spectroscopy applications.
Vicagrel is hydrolyzed by Raf kinase inhibitor protein in human intestine
Authors: Zhu Ting , Wu Yu , Li Xue‐Mei , Jia Yu‐Meng , Zhou Huan , Jiang Li‐Ping , Tai Ting , Mi Qiong‐Yu , Ji Jin‐Zi , Xie Hong‐Guang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs an analog of clopidogrel and prasugrel, vicagrel is completely hydrolyzed to intermediate thiolactone metabolite 2‐oxo‐clopidogrel (also the precursor of active thiol metabolite H4) in human intestine, predominantly by AADAC and CES2; however, other unknown vicagrel hydrolases remain to be identified. In this study, recombinant human Raf kinase inhibitor protein (rhRKIP) and pooled human intestinal S9 (HIS9) fractions and microsome (HIM) preparations were used as the different enzyme sources; prasugrel as a probe drug for RKIP (a positive control), vicagrel as a substrate drug of interest, and the rate of the formation of thiolactone metabolites 2‐oxo‐clopidogrel and R95913 as metrics of hydrolase activity examined, respectively. In addition, an IC50 value of inhibition of rhRKIP‐catalyzed vicagrel hydrolysis by locostatin was measured, and five classical esterase inhibitors with distinct esterase selectivity were used to dissect the involvement of multiple hydrolases in vicagrel hydrolysis. The results showed that rhRKIP hydrolyzed vicagrel in vitro, with the values of Km, Vmax, and CLint measured as 20.04 ± 1.99 μM, 434.60 ± 12.46 nM/min/mg protein, and 21.69 ± 0.28 ml/min/mg protein, respectively, and that an IC50 value of locostatin was estimated as 1.24 ± 0.04 mM for rhRKIP. In addition to locostatin, eserine and vinblastine strongly suppressed vicagrel hydrolysis in HIM. It is concluded that RKIP can catalyze the hydrolysis of vicagrel in the human intestine, and that vicagrel can be hydrolyzed by multiple hydrolases, such as RKIP, AADAC, and CES2, concomitantly.
Enhancing and weakening conformity in third‐party punishment: The role of empathic concern
Authors: Tang Honghong , Zhu Ruida , Liang Zilu , Zhang Sihui , Su Song , Liu Chao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConformity—shifting one's behavior patterns towards group norms—is both common and powerful. Prior research shows that conformity can drive behavioral patterns towards both positive and negative outcomes (e.g., environmentalism vs. anti‐environmentalism). However, we know little about conformity in response to sanctions for norm violations. This research explores conformity in punishment for norm violations and how this behavior is enhanced or weakened by empathic concern (N = 1108). The participants acted as third parties to punish unfairness either in a third‐party punishment game or in lifelike unfair allocation scenarios. They behaved in a group where other members inflicted either high or low punishment on the unfair proposers. The results of this study show that the participants conformed to both the high‐punishment norm and the low‐punishment norm, and their conformity persisted after removing the group context (Studies 1A and 1B). Studies 2A and 2B show that evoking empathic concern towards recipients (victims) in unfair situations increased the punishment of the dictator and diminished conformity to the low‐punishment norm. Study 3 shows that the enhancement effect of empathic concern on conformity when embedded in the high‐punishment norm strengthened over time, whereas the weakening effect of empathic concern on conformity among those representing a low‐punishment norm declined over time. These findings extend the understanding of conformity and the role of emotion in this behavior, with the potential for conformity‐modulating interventions.
Determination of valproic acid and its six metabolites in human serum using LC–MS/MS and application to interaction with carbapenems in epileptic patients
Authors: Yang Xuping , Jiang Zhenwei , Jiang Yan , Ling Jing , Dong Lulu , Zou Sulan , Chen Rong , Hu Nan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractValproic acid (VPA) is a classic medication for several types of epilepsy and mood disorders, and some of its effectiveness and toxicity is associated with metabolites. Although many reports have reported the drug–drug interactions of VPA, no study has focused on the influence of carbapenems (CBPMs) on VPA's active metabolites. An LC–MS/MS method for determining VPA and its six metabolites (3‐hydroxy valproic acid, 4‐hydroxy valproic acid, 2‐propyl‐2‐pentenoic acid, 2‐propyl‐4‐pentenoic acid, 3‐keto valproic acid, and 2‐propylglutaric acid) in human serum was established and applied to evaluate the drug–drug interaction with CBPMs in epileptic patients. The stable isotope valproic acid‐d6 was used as an internal standard. Analytes in serum samples (50 μl) were isolated using a Kinetex C18 column (3 × 100 mm, 2.6 μm) and detected via negative electrospray ionization after protein precipitation. It was linear (r > 0.99) over the calibration range for different analytes. The accuracy was 91.44–110.92%, and the precision was less than 9.98%. The matrix effect, recovery, and stability met the acceptance criteria. According to the data collected from 150 epileptic patients, the concentration–dose ratio for VPA and its metabolites decreased with CBPM polytherapy. This method is simple and rapid with great accuracy and precision. It is suitable for routine clinical analysis of VPA and its metabolites in human serum.
In Silico Design and Investigation of Novel Thiazetidine Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of PrpR in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Dasmahapatra Upala , Rajasekhar Sreerama , Neelima Grandhe , Maiti Barnali , Karuppasamy Ramanathan , Murali Poornima , MM Balamurali , Chanda Kaushik 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTuberculosis is one of the most life‐threatening acute infectious diseases diagnosed in humans. In the present investigation, a series of 16 new disubstituted 1,3‐thiazetidines derivatives is designed, and investigated via various in silico methods for their potential as anti‐tubercular agent by evaluating their ability to block the active site of PrpR transcription factor protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The efficacy of the molecules was initially assessed with the help of AutoDock Vina algorithm. Further Glide module is used to redock the previously docked complexes. The binding energies and other physiochemical properties of the designed molecules were evaluated using the Prime‐MM/GBSA and the QikProp module, respectively. The results of docking revealed the nature, site of interaction and the binding affinity between the proposed candidates and the active site of PrpR. Further the inhibitory effect of the scaffolds was predicted and evaluated employing a machine learning‐based algorithm and was used accordingly. Further, the molecular dynamics simulation studies ascertained the binding characteristics of the unique 13, when analysed across a time frame of 100 ns with GROMACS software. The results show that the proposed 1,3‐thiazetidine derivatives such as 10, 11, 13 and 14 could be potent and selective anti‐tubercular agents as compared to the standard drug Pyrazinamide. Finally, this study concludes that designed thiazetidines can be employed as anti‐tubercular agents. Undeniably, the results may guide the experimental biologists to develop safe and non‐toxic drugs against tuberculosis by demanding further in vivo and in vitro analyses.
Investigation of the equilibrium constant of NO absorption into diethylenetriaminecobalt(II) solution
Authors: Chen Pei‐Yun , Li Zi‐Qiu , Long Xiang‐Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiethylenetriaminecobalt(II), [Co(DETA)2]2+, formed by diethylenetriamine (DETA) coordinating with Co(II) ion, can be used to remove NO from flue gas. Diethylenetriaminecobalt(II) is capable of binding NO to form metal nitroso complexes. The determination of the equilibrium constant of the reaction between [Co(DETA)2]2+ and NO is important to the development of the technology for the elimination of NO from exhausted gas streams with diethylenetriaminecobalt solution. In this paper, the equilibrium constants of this reaction have been determined by a series of experiments in a bubble reactor at the range of 30–70°C under atmospheric pressure in the [Co(DETA)2]2+ solution of pH 7.5. All experimental data are in good agreement with the following equation: , where the changes in enthalpy and entropy are ΔH0 = −38.89 kJ ⋅ mol−1 and ΔS0 = −109.7 J ⋅ K−1 ⋅ mol−1, respectively.
Carbon dioxide reduction mechanism via single‐atom nickel supported on graphitic carbon nitride
Authors: Wu Jiang , Wang Guanqi , Liu Qizhen , Ling Yang , Zhang Ruitao , Sun Ningchao , Gao Yingchao , Chen Zhihao , Sun Yijing , Gao Yunfei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn many photocatalytic reaction paths, the breaking of the first CO bond in a CO2 molecule is often the key step that becomes the rate‐controlled reaction step. In this paper, a graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) supported nickel single‐atom catalyst (Ni@g‐C3N4) was successfully constructed, and the mechanism of CO2 catalytic reduction was systematically studied based on density functional theory (DFT). The introduction of nickel promotes the adsorption of small molecules, especially for the CO2 activation. According to density of states (DOS) and frontier orbital analysis, the photogenerated carriers tend to jump from nitrogen atoms to carbon atoms, forming an electron transfer in real space, after g‐C3N4 is excited by light. With the appearance of nickel‐doped levels, the DOS of Ni@g‐C3N4 is no longer symmetric with respect to the spin up and down, especially around the original band gap of g‐C3N4. Single‐atom nickel has abundant frontier orbitals and high activity and is a favourable place for chemical reactions. The presence of surface hydrogen can promote the recovery of CO2, and the energy barrier of Ni@g‐C3N4 with hydrogen is only 15% of the clean g‐C3N4 surface. This paper provides a new idea for the development of efficient single‐atom catalysts for CO2 reduction.
Examining the quality of the consolidated mandatory non‐financial statements of a cooperative banking group: A longitudinal analysis
Authors: Veltri Stefania , Cristiano Elena , Ferraro Olga 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWith the 2014/95/EU Directive, implemented in Italy with the Legislative Decree no. 254/2016, public interest entities with specific requirements, among which credit institutions, have been obliged to report several aspects of non‐financial information (NFI) in a non‐financial statement (NFS). It remains an open question whether NFI disclosure regulations leads to an improvement in reporting quality. In this article, we investigate the quality of the consolidated mandatory NFSs (CNFSs) for the Iccrea Cooperative Banking Group (ICBG) for the 2017–2020 period. This article is the first study exploring the quality of mandatory NFDs using a longitudinal approach for a cooperative banking group, and it is also the first to use three different meanings of quality in the same study (quality as compliance to the Decree requirements, as multidimensional construct, and as completeness) under the theoretical lens of material legitimacy.
Corporate social responsibility reporting and capital structure: Does board gender diversity mind in such association?
Authors: Pucheta‐Martínez María Consuelo , Bel‐Oms Inmaculada , Gallego‐Álvarez Isabel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis research aims to shed light on the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on capital structure, a significant strategic policy for all listed companies. Furthermore, it aims to explore the moderating effect of the presence of female directors on corporate boards on the relationship between CSR disclosure and capital structure. We use an international sample of 48 countries for the years 2007–2019 collected from the Thomson Reuters database. This study uses the GMM procedure to estimate the model of the association between the disclosure of CSR information and capital structure and the moderating effect of board gender diversity in such relationship. Drawing on agency theory, the results support the negative relationship between CSR disclosure and capital structure. Moreover, our findings also reveal that board gender diversity does not moderate the association between CSR disclosure and capital structure.
Recovery Of Zinc from Scrap Steel Using Zinc‐Bromine Battery Technology
Authors: Standing Rhys , Laycock Christian J. , Lloyd Gareth , Dinsdale Richard M. , Guwy Alan J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSecondary production of steel is known to significantly decrease the CO2 emissions of steelmaking, but only 40 % of steel is produced through recycling, which is made difficult by contamination of scrap resources with nonferrous metals and nonmetal debris. These contaminants include zinc, towards which blast furnace and electric arc systems have a low tolerance (<0.02 wt %). In this work, clean and efficient recovery of zinc from the surface of steel substrates was investigated using a custom‐made low‐cost membrane‐free non‐flow zinc‐bromine battery (ZBB) that enabled rapid and straightforward integration and removal of steel substrates. The electrical performance of the cell was characterized by charge‐discharge profiles, and zinc removal and recovery onto electrodes was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Upon discharging, the cell efficiently removed >99.9 wt % zinc from steel surfaces. On recharging the cell, zinc was re‐electroplated onto a carbon foam electrode in an easily recoverable form and with high purity. The process was repeated over 30 cycles to demonstrate robustness. The work shows the importance of the cutoff voltage upon discharging: if less than 0.5 V, the cell co‐extracted iron into the electrolyte solution, affecting cell durability and zinc purity. A two‐stage process for recovering zinc from scrap steel is proposed, illustrating how ZBB technology could enable efficient and clean recovery of zinc from complex scrap steel resources in the steel industry.