bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diet induced variation in gut microbiota is linked to growth performance of Chilo suppressalis
Authors: Zhu Peipei , Mamdouh Beshoy , Magdy Mahmoud , Chen Jingnan , Ma Weihua , Xu Letian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chilo suppressalis is a major global host-specific pest of rice and water oat crops, having caused a severe yield damage and great economic loss. The pest occasionally fed on other plants, which cannot enable it complete a full life cycle. The dietary differences may shape gut microbiota of the pest and further influence its performance. To test such hypothesis, the assembly of gut bacterial community of C. suppressalis larvae reared on rice, water oat, corn, and an artificial diet were investigated using an amplicon-based next-generation sequencing approach. The larval body size and feeding rate on each diet type were analyzed in parallel. We found that C. suppressalis sizes and feeding rate varied among the different dietary regimes, as a low feeding rate was found on rice and corn diets, while the rice fed larvae has the biggest body size and the lowest body size in corn-fed larvae. Further high-throughput sequencing results showed the artificial diet fed larvae have the lowest bacterial diversity among all samples, and the corn-fed larvae presented the most diversified microbial community. Further analysis revealed the bacterial genera Enterococcus, Sphingobacterium, Klebsiella, Gluconobacter, Serratia, and Lactococcus possessed high abundance in C. suppressalis larvae, and the varied abundances contributed to the difference of community structure. The microbial function classification suggested that metabolic function categories were significantly increased while feeding on preferred diet (rice and water oat) and decreased in the case of artificial diet. This study expands our understanding of the microbe-insect interaction of C. suppressalis larvae in response to diet change and is an essential step towards future development of potential microbial based pest management.
Substituent and Solvent Effects on Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Reactions of Orotic and Isoorotic Azo Dyes
Authors: Elroby Shaaban A. , Aloufi Khalid H. , Aziz Saadullah G , Osman Osman I 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study provides a complete analysis of the electronic and photophysical properties of orotic (OA) and isoorotic (IOA) azo dyes. The ability of the dye to work as an excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) was investigated by using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) methods. The effect of electron-donating substituents (CH3 and NMe2) and an electron-withdrawing one (NO2) was examined. In addition, the effect of the solvent polarity on the ESIPT process is studied. All the geometrical structures in the singlet ground (S0) and excited (S1) states, were optimized using B3LYP/6-311+G** level of theory. The intramolecular hydrogen bond parameters (IHBs), and the Infra-Red vibrational analysis of the O-H bond show that the IHBs are enhanced in the S1 state. Furthermore, the absorption spectra were simulated and the values of stokes shifts were observed. The PAIOA derivative with an electron withdrawing group shows large stokes shift compared with those having electron-donating ones. Therefore, we can safely conclude that the substitutents groups and the different solvents are extremely impactful on the ESIPT process.
On the culture of open access: the Sci-hub paradox
Authors: MADDI Abdelghani , Sapinho David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Shadow libraries have gradually become key players of scientific knowledge dissemination, despite their illegality in most countries of the world. Many publishers and scientist-editors decry such libraries for their copyright infringement and loss of publication usage information, while some scholars and institutions support them, sometimes in a roundabout way, for their role in reducing inequalities of access to knowledge, particularly in low-income countries. Although there is a wealth of literature on shadow libraries, none of this have focused on its potential role in knowledge dissemination, through the open access movement. Here we analyze how shadow libraries can affect researchers' citation practices, highlighting some counter-intuitive findings about their impact on the Open Access Citation Advantage (OACA). Based on a large randomized sample, this study first shows that OA publications, including those in fully OA journals, receive more citations than their subscription-based counterparts do. However, the OACA has slightly decreased over the seven last years. The introduction of a distinction between those accessible or not via the Sci-hub platform among subscription-based suggest that the generalization of its use cancels the positive effect of OA publishing. The results show that publications in fully OA journals (and to a lesser extent those in hybrid journals) are victims of the success of Sci-hub. Thus, paradoxically, although Sci-hub may seem to facilitate access to scientific knowledge, it negatively affects the OA movement as a whole, by reducing the comparative advantage of OA publications in terms of visibility for researchers. The democratization of the use of Sci-hub may therefore lead to a vicious cycle against the development of fully OA journals.
Bedside Evaluation of Edema: A simple technique for quantitative evaluation of an important clinical sign
Authors: Schreiber Richard 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Edema is a cardinal clinical manifestation. Most clinicians measure edema semi-quantitatively, which is susceptible to subjective and non-reproducible intra- and inter-observer variation. A quick and reliable quantitative method is needed for more accurate measurement.
Objective: To demonstrate the reliability of a new clinical examination technique, verified against a novel edema measuring device.
Design: A convenience sample enrolled in one day at a community hospital.
Patients: Seventeen adult patients with various clinical conditions. One patient was not examined by request and was excluded from analysis.
Interventions: Clinical and device estimation of pit depth of edema created by manual pressure at a standard location on 27 limbs.
Key Results: Clinical and device measurements were precisely the same 50% of the time; differences in measurements never exceeded 1 mm. The 95% confidence interval was 0.21 with an R2 statistic of 0.87 for all depths of edema, using either clinical or device measurement as the criterion standard, demonstrating excellent correlation between clinical examination and use of the device.
Conclusions: Clinical evaluation can estimate edema pit depth in millimeters very accurately. A novel edema measuring device confirms these measurements independently and objectively. It is hypothesized that this new technique will help standardize the teaching of the clinical examination of edema, increase the utility of edema depth measurement over time, and increase intra- and inter-observer reliability of edema evaluation. There is no longer a justification for semi-quantitative determination of edema.
NIH trial registry number: NCT03296085
Toponímia de origem árabe em ruas de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Paula Jéssica Nayra Sayão de 
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar pesquisa linguística, com enfoque no léxico toponímico urbano de Belo Horizonte, analisando, dentre o total de logradouros públicos que há na cidade, 68 topônimos de origem árabe. O estudo se integra ao Projeto ATEMIG – Atlas Toponímico do Estado de Minas Gerais – coordenado e desenvolvido na Faculdade de Letras da UFMG, pela Profa. Dra. Maria Cândida Trindade Costa de Seabra. A proposta desta pesquisa é demonstrar que o estudo dos nomes de lugares possibilita resgatar parte da história e da cultura local de uma comunidade, uma vez que a toponímia evidencia marcas da história social. Os resultados obtidos mostraram a predominância dos antropotopônimos que se destacaram na capital mineira, principalmente, na área do comércio.
Factors Related to Experiencing Pain in Patients Affected by Chronic Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: El Joumani Tfarah , Rkain Hanan , Taik Fatima Zahrae , Hassouni Kenza , Abouqal Redouane , Bahloul Sara , Alami Nada , Tahiri Latifa , Hajjaj-Hassouni Najia , Allali Fadoua 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
To evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the pain experienced by patients with CIRD and to analyze the associated factors.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst patients with rheumatic diseases using a questionnaire providing information on patients and disease characteristics.
Patients were asked to assess the level of pain they had experienced before and during the pandemic, using a single Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (greatest pain).
Statistical Analysis System IBM SPSS Statistics V20.0.0 was used to analyze the study data.
We performed univariate multivariate analysis to search for any related factors to pain perception during the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative values were analyzed by the chi2 test. Quantitative values were analyzed by the Student test when the measures were normally distributed or by nonparametric tests (Mann–Whitney U) when the measures were not normally distributed (the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to test normality).

Results:
Amongst the 350 patients who answered the questionnaire online, rheumatoid arthritis represented 62.3%, spondyloarthropathy 34.3%, and undifferentiated CIRD 3.4%. CIRD-related pain was reported by 79.1% of the patients
The level of pain, using the VAS of Pain, increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic (4,6 ± 2,8 and 5,4 ± 3 before and during the pandemic; p<0.001).
In the multivariate analysis, the factors causing the pain were: the negative impact of the coronavirus on accessing rheumatology care, the discontinuation of treatment, the disturbed sleep, and the negative psychological impact.

Conclusion:
This survey showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had increased CIRD-related pain in patients. Factors influencing this pain should be considered to help patients cope with their chronic rheumatism in this global health crisis.
A Negative History of Epidemiologic and Demographic Factors Associated with High Numbers of Covid-19 Deaths
Authors: Errasfa Mourad 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Substantial differences between countries have been observed in terms of Covid-19 death tolls during the past two years. It is of interest to find out how the epidemiologic and/or demographic history of the population may have had a role in the high prevalence of the Covid-19 in some countries.

Objective:
This observational study aimed to investigate possible relations between Covid-19 death numbers in 39 countries and the pre-pandemic history of epidemiologic and demographic conditions.

Methods:
We sought the Covid-19 death toll in 39 countries in Europe, America, Africa, and Asia. Records (2019) of epidemiologic (Cancer, Alzheimer's disease) and demographic (natality, mortality, and fertility rates, percentage of people aged 65 and over) parameters, as well as data on alcohol intake per capita, were retrieved from official web pages. Data were analysed by simple linear or polynomial regression by means of Microsoft Excell software (2016).

Results:
When Covid-19 death numbers were plotted against the geographic latitude of each country, an inverted bell-shaped curve was obtained for both the first and second years (coefficient of determination R2=0.38) of the pandemic. In a similar manner, inverted bell-shaped curves were obtained when latitudes were plotted against the scores of cancer plus Alzheimer's disease (R2 = 0,65,), the percentage of advanced age (R2 = 0,52,), and the alcohol intake level (R2 = 0,64,). Covid-19 death numbers were positively correlated to the scores of cancer plus Alzheimer's disease (R2= 0.41, P= 1.61x10-5), advanced age (R2= 0.38, P= 4.09x10-5), and alcohol intake (R2= 0.48, P= 1.55x10-6). Instead, bell-shaped curves were obtained when latitudes were plotted against the birth rate/mortality rate ratio (R2 = 0,51) and the fertility rate (R2 = 0,33). In addition, Covid-19 deaths were negatively correlated with the birth rate/mortality rate ratio (R2= 0.67) and fertility rate (R2= 0.50).

Conclusion:
The results show that the 39 countries in both hemispheres in this study have different patterns of epidemiologic and demographic factors, and that the negative history of epidemiologic and demographic factors of the northern hemisphere countries as well as their high alcohol intake were very correlated with their Covid-19 death tolls. Hence, also nutritional habits may have had a role in the general health status of people in regard to their immunity against the coronavirus.
Dropout Rate in Digital Health Interventions for the Prevention of Skin Cancer: Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Metaregression
Authors: Hernández-Rodríguez Juan-Carlos , García-Muñoz Cristina , Ortiz-Álvarez Juan , Saigí-Rubió Francesc , Conejo-Mir Julián , Pereyra-Rodriguez Jose-Juan 
Published: December 2022

Background
Digital strategies are innovative approaches to the prevention of skin cancer, but the attrition following this kind of intervention needs to be analyzed.

Objective
The aim of this paper is to assess the dropouts from studies focused on digital strategies for the prevention of skin cancer.

Methods
We conducted this systematic review with meta-analyses and metaregression according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statements. Search terms for skin cancer, digital strategies, and prevention were combined to search PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library from inception until July 2022. Randomized clinical trials that reported dropouts of participants and compared digital strategies with other interventions to prevent skin cancer in healthy or disease-free participants were included. Two independent reviewers extracted data for analysis. The Revised Cochrane Collaboration Bias tool was employed. We calculated the pooled dropout rate of participants through a meta-analysis of proportions and examined whether dropout was more or less frequent in digital interventions against comparators via an odds ratio (OR) meta-analysis. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup meta-analyses were conducted in a meta-analysis of proportions and OR meta-analysis to assess the dropout events when data were sorted by digital interventions or control comparator. A univariate metaregression based on a random-effects model assessed possible moderators of dropout. Participants’ dropout rates as pooled proportions were calculated for all groups combined, and the digital and comparator groups separately. OR>1 indicated higher dropouts for digital-based interventions. Metaregressions were performed for age, sex, length of intervention, and sample size.

Results
A total of 17 studies were included. The overall pooled dropout rate was 9.5% (95% CI 5.0-17.5). The subgroup meta-analysis of proportions revealed a dropout rate of 11.6% for digital strategies (95% CI 6.8-19.0) and 10.0% for comparators (95% CI 5.5-17.7). A trend of higher dropout rates for digital strategies was observed in the overall (OR 1.16, 95% CI 0.98-1.36) and subgroup OR meta-analysis, but no significant differences were found between the groups. None of the covariates moderated the effect size in the univariate metaregression.

Conclusions
Digital strategies had a higher dropout rate compared to other prevention interventions, but the difference was not significant. Standardization is needed regarding reporting the number of and reasons for dropouts.

Trial Registration
International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42022329669; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=329669
Formulation and evaluation of Lamivudine transferosomal gel
Authors: Yameen Syeda Hassan , Shahidulla S.M. 
Published: December 2022

Aim and objective: The aim of the study was to formulate and evaluate Transferosomal gel of lamivudine.
Method:Lamivudine transferosomes was prepared using thin film hydration method taking span 80, Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether in different proportion. the formulation was characterised by UV spectroscopy, FTIR, in-vitro drug release, gel evaluations.
Results: Total nine formulations were formulated and optimised formulation F3 showed entrapment efficiency EE (91.17), %CDR (96.12) and small particle size (98.19 nm). SEM of optimized lamivudine Transferosomes appeared as spherical, well identified, unilamellar vesicles. The optimized formulation of Transferosomes was further formulated to gel with Poloxamer 407 gel 0.5%, 1% and 2% w/w ,HPMC k15, Propylene glycol, DMSO. Among these F3 formulation with Poloxamer 407 2%w/w transferosomal gel is the optimised transferosmal gel and showed Spreadability value 6.01±0.12 cm, pH value 5.01 ±0.47. The actual drug content of the Transferosomal gel was found to be 97.29 ±0.66%, which represents good content uniformity. The viscosity of lamivudine Transferosomal gel is found to 5960 ±0.75cps. The percentage drug release for lamivudine Transferosomal gel is 97.31 %. stability studies showed that Transferosomal gel is more stable at 4˚C when compared to other temperatures. The future scope of the study is to perform the In Vivo studies to evaluate the potency of the prepared formulation.
Keywords: Lamivudine Transferosomal gel, Transferosomes, Topical, Anti-viral drug, Thin Film Hydration Technique.
Observational Study on Prevalence of Adverse Effects of COVID Vaccination among General Population in South India
Authors: Muhas C , Anuradha VP , Sreelakshmi KB , Aysha Samrin , Shida Ahmed NP , Muhammed Anfas P 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 is a viral disease due to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. The patients show flu-like symptoms with a dry cough, sore throat, high fever, and breathing problems. This was conducted to assess the adverse effects after taking Covid 19 vaccines in general population of Kerala state.
Methodology: About 353 participants were enrolled in the study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria for a period of November 2021 to April 2022. Data collection was done with structured questionnaire in google form. The data were analysed and reported using tables, pie diagram, bar diagrams and different charts forms.
Results: Majority of patients enrolled in the study were vaccinated with 2 dosed of Covid vaccines. From 351 participants vaccinated with Covid 19 vaccine 249 experienced an AEFI. The most reported AEFI was fever, body pain and injection site reactions. From the results it was found that females had experienced more AEFI than males. Most of the participants from our study were vaccinated with Covishield and all participants taken Sputnik vaccine had experienced some adverse effects.
Conclusion: The present study reveal that majority of people vaccinated by Covid 19 vaccines had experienced any kind of AEFIs. Majority of patients enrolled in the study were vaccinated with 2 dosed of Covid vaccines. The most reported AEFI was fever, body pain and injection site reactions. From the results it was found that females had experienced more AEFI than males.
Keywords: Adverse effects, Covid 19, Covishield, Covaxin, Immunization, Vaccination
Floating Drug Delivery System: As A Novel Approach for Drug Delivery
Authors: Choudhary Mahima , Tiwari Chanchal , Chahar Rajeev Kumar , Malik Princy , JAISWAL PANKAJ KUMAR , Chauhan Reetu 
Published: December 2022

The retention period of the drug and dosage form in the stomach is very challenging for the treatment of gastrointestinal disease. To solve this problem and improve the efficacy and bioavailability of the drug, most researchers develop a novel carrier system that is called a Floating drug delivery system (FDDS). The goal of this review on floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) is to synthesise contemporary material with a particular concentration on the main mechanism of flotation for stomach retention. The physiology of the stomach (including gastric pH and movement) has been shown a major effect on gastrointestinal holding period and drug delivery behaviour in both intra- and inter-subject variability. The most recent advancements in the Floating drug delivery system (FDDS) are thoroughly reviewed, including the physiological and formulation factors that influence stomach retention, design methods for single-unit and multiple-unit floating systems, and their categorization and formulation characteristics. A synopsis of the research that has been done to determine the effectiveness and utility of floating systems, as well as uses for such systems, is also included in this review. This study covers the most recent Floating drug delivery system (FDDS) technology advances, including patented delivery techniques and commercial devices, along with their benefits and potential applications for oral controlled drug administration in the future.
Keywords: Floating drug delivery system, Gastric-emptying time, Inter-digestive myoelectric cycle (IDMC), Polymers, Bioavailability, Membrane permeability.
Evaluation of Platelet Indices, PT and PTT in Sudanese Chronic Renal Failure Patients at Khartoum state, 2022
Authors: Ebar Mohamed Hassan Osman , Mustafa Hisham Rabei Mohammed Alfaki , Isse Mohamed Osman Mohamed , Mohammed Albara Abdulfatah 
Published: December 2022

Background: Chronic renal failure is a global public health problem; Kidney transplantation and dialysis are possible solutions of kidney failure. The aim of our study was to assess the platelet count, platelet indices, prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) in Sudanese chronic renal failure patients at Khartoum sate, 2022.
Materials and Method: This was analytical case control study conducted at Khartoum state. A total of 200 blood samples were collected (100 samples from chronic renal failure patients and 100 healthy individuals from control group). A total of five ml of whole blood was collected from each participant and divided into EDTA anticoagulated tube for platelet count and platelet indices, and into sodium citrate anticoagulated tube. for PT and PTT measurement. Examination of platelet count and platelet indices was done by using Haematology analyser (Sysmex-XP-300), where PT and APTT measurement was done by using coagulation analyser (Coatron-M-1).
Results: The study revealed that in the case group; the mean age was (48.19± 15.53), 42.1% of them were female and 57.1% were male, where in the control group; the mean age was (45.54 ± 16.82), 57.9% were female and 42.9% were male. Regarding to the haematological results; the mean platelet count and PCT of the case group was significantly decreased when compared with the control group with P-value of 0.000. where the mean average of MPV, PDW and PLCR showed no statistically significant differences between cases and control with P-value of > 0.05. According to the PT and PTT; they were increased in the case group when compared with the control group with P-value of 0.000.
Conclusion: The study concluded that platelet count and plateletcrit was decreased, where mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width in addition to PLCR, showed no statstically significant difference. PT and PTT were increased in chronic renal failure patients.
Keywords: Platelet count, Platelet indices, PT, PTT, chronic renal failure, haemodialysis, bleeding