bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐time three‐dimensional echocardiography and two‐dimensional speckle tracking imaging in the evaluation of left atrial function in patients with triple‐vessel coronary artery disease without myocardial infarction
Authors: Yu Tingting , Cui Hongyan , Chang Wenxing , Li Ying , Cui Xiuxiu , Li Guangsen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate left atrial function in patients with triple‐vessel disease (TVD) without myocardial infarction by real‐time three‐dimensional echocardiography (RT‐3DE) and two‐dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D‐STE).MethodsSixty patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) without myocardial infarction were classified into two groups in accordance with the coronary angiography results: group B (all triple‐vessel stenosis ≥ 50% and < 75%) and group C (all triple‐vessel stenosis ≥ 75%). Thirty healthy individuals were selected as group A. LA volume related parameters including left atrial maximum volume index (LAVImax), LA passive and active ejection fraction (LAPEF, LAAEF) and LA total ejection fraction (LATEF) were measured by RT‐3DE. The global peak atrial longitudinal systolic strain (LASRs), early and late diastolic LA strain (LASRe and LASRa) rates were measured by 2D‐STE.ResultsWe found statistically significant differences between 2D‐STE and RT‐3DE related parameters of these three groups. Furthermore, in groups B and C, N‐terminal fragment brain natriuretic peptides (NT‐pro‐BNP) and left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were found to be significantly correlated with LASRs and LASRa. And NT‐pro‐BNP had a moderate correlation with LVEDP.Conclusions2D‐STE and RT‐3DE can assess the LA function in patients with TVD without myocardial infarction. And LA strain values may provide additional information for predicting increased LVEDP and NT‐pro‐BNP.
Pilot test of an emerging leaders program for dental school faculty
Authors: Challa Suman , Loomer Peter M. , Hoff Giovannie M. , Hendricson William D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurpose/ObjectivesThe School of Dentistry at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSA‐SoD) implemented an SoD Emerging Leaders Program (SoDELP) in 2020–2021. This case report describes the leadership training needs of junior faculty that stimulated SoDELP development, the inter‐institutional collaboration that facilitated program implementation, SoDELP curriculum content, and outcomes of formative assessment for two pilot cohorts of the SoDELP.MethodsThe 32‐h curriculum was comprised of readings, reflection exercises, seminars by the Center for Professional Excellence at the University of Texas at San Antonio, case discussion, analysis of leadership dilemmas, and self‐assessments. For a capstone project, participants created a case depicting a challenging leadership situation they experienced as a team leader or member. The SoDELP commenced in a face‐to‐face format but was completed online due to COVID 19. Formative evaluation included participants’ pre‐ and post‐training perceptions elicited by the Leadership Attitudes, Confidence and Concerns Inventory (LACCI) and qualitative appraisal of program components obtained by surveys and focus groups.ResultsAll 18 participants completed SoDELP and provided positive evaluations of program content, organization, teaching quality, and value. Analysis of pre‐ and post‐assessments indicated that participants’ confidence in performing an array of leadership tasks was significantly enhanced, and participants’ concerns about assuming leadership roles, such as not being ready for the job, impact on friendships, or concerns about ethical challenges, were significantly reduced. The LACCI displayed promising reliability in assessing participants’ confidence, attitudes and concerns, demonstrating the potential to serve as a measurement tool to appraise outcomes of leadership training in the health professions.ConclusionOutcomes suggest that SoDELP enhances faculty members' sense of readiness for leadership roles, and the LACCI may be a useful assessment tool for leadership training.
The Hirschfeld horoscope: Archival trails and urban subcultures
Authors: Pitkin Rachel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article explores what it means to work with decontextualized or mysterious archival traces within collections that already contain obscured provenance. In particular, it compels us to consider what a single object can tell us about the individual, Dr. Magnus Hirschfeld, and what it can teach us about the larger queer community from which it may have originated. Astrology, the occult, and new forms of spirituality proliferated in Weimar Germany, emerging from the late 19th century psy sciences and evolving within Berlin's urban landscape. The extent to which these occult and alternative pathways held a queer dimension is unknown, but not improbable.
Placenta as a site of HEV replication and inflammatory cytokines modulating the immunopathogenesis of HEV in pregnant women
Authors: Ratho Radha Kanta , Thakur Vikram , Arya Shallu , Singh Mini P , Suri Vanita , Das Ashim 
Published: March 2022

AbstractViral hepatitis E is an under‐estimated clinical entity with high mortality (20%–30%), especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. As complications due to hepatitis E virus (HEV) in pregnancy is much greater, it is hypothesized that HEV may cross the placenta and replicate in placental tissues even weeks after clearance from the blood, and cytokines may play a role in the immunopathogenesis of HEV in pregnancy. A total of 12 pregnant women with features of acute viral hepatitis/acute liver failure and positive for either HEV‐immunoglobulin M (IgM)/HEV‐RNA and 30 pregnant women negative for HEV RNA/IgM/immunoglobulin G were enrolled as study subjects and healthy controls, respectively. Following delivery, 5 ml blood was collected from the mother for HEV‐RNA. Replicative RNA and viral load in placental tissue were detected through Real‐Time PCR. Placental tissues from the maternal/fetal sides were stained for HEV antigen using HEV‐open reading frame‐2 antibody by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and for histopathological changes by haematoxylin and eosin. Plasma samples were tested for interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐18 cytokine levels using Duo‐R&D ELISA kit, whereas peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used to study the inflammasomes and IL‐1β and IL‐18 cytokine genes expression.Of the 10 HEV RNA‐positive sera, 9 had HEV RNA either in the maternal/fetal side of the placenta with the mean viral load of 137.4 IU/ml. Of the 10 HEV RNA‐positive pregnant women, stillbirth in two and fetal and maternal death in one case was reported. IHC revealed strong brownish cytoplasmic staining (HEV antigen) in cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblast cells in positive samples. The maternal/fetal side of the infected placenta showed irregular intervillous fibrin deposition as well as tissue necrosis. The mean levels of IL‐1β and IL‐18 cytokines in serum of infected subjects were significantly higher than the healthy controls (17.31 ± 4.462 vs. 8.85 ± 4.36 pg/ml; p < 0.0001*** and 2275 ± 536.9 vs. 1085 ± 531.7 pg/ml; p < 0.0001***), respectively. Detecting replicative HEV RNA and HEV antigen in placental tissues indicated the extra‐hepatic replication of HEV. Furthermore, placental tissue necrosis and significant rise of cytokine levels in HEV‐infected pregnant women might be contributing to the HEV pathogenesis in pregnancy.
Impact of hepatitis B surface antigen positive grafts on liver transplantation in patients with benign and malignant liver disease
Authors: Yu Jiong , Shi Xiaowei , Yu Haiying , Wu Jian , Ma Jing , Dong Siyi , Lu Sen , Zheng Shusen , Li Lanjuan , Xu Xiao , Cao Hongcui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) persists after liver transplantation in almost all patients receiving HBsAg‐positive grafts. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the main causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to investigate possible interactions between HBsAg‐positive donors, HCC, HBV‐related transplant indication, and long‐term outcomes. This retrospective study enrolled 1176 patients from two centers between January 2015 and May 2019, of which 135 (11.5%) were HBsAg‐positive and 1041 (88.5%) were HBsAg‐negative donors. Cox regression models were fitted to study the association between variables and patient and graft survival. In univariate and multivariate analyses, the donor HBsAg status was not significantly associated with patient and graft survival in the entire cohort, but there was a significant interaction between HBsAg‐positive donors and HCC, independent of HBV‐related transplant indication. The cumulative incidence of patient and graft survival was significantly lower in the subgroup of HCC recipients receiving HBsAg‐positive grafts, but no significant difference was found in recipients with benign liver disease. In a subgroup analysis of HCC recipients, HBsAg‐positive donors were significantly associated with an increased risk of HCC recurrence (hazard ratio: 1.73; 95% confidence interval: 1.20–2.48; p = 0.003) and similar results were obtained after propensity score matching analysis. We showed excellent outcomes of using HBsAg‐positive grafts in patients with benign liver disease, regardless of HBV‐related transplant indications. However, positive grafts should be used with caution in recipients with HCC, which are associated with an increased risk of HCC recurrence.
Plot‐scale variability of organic carbon in temperate agricultural soils—Implications for soil monitoring#
Authors: Poeplau Christopher , Prietz Roland , Don Axel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundDetecting changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stock requires systematic and random sampling errors to be kept to a minimum. Especially in soil monitoring schemes based on soil profiles pits, it is important to understand if a minimum spatial shift of that profile pit during resampling could render resampling errors caused by spatial variability negligible.AimsWe aimed at (1) quantifying the random SOC stock error caused by a minimum shift in sampling location of one profile and (2) assessing whether an increase in the number of profile pits to three could significantly decrease the resampling error caused by spatial variability of the relevant parameters.MethodsEight croplands and grasslands in northeast Germany were sampled. Three sampling designs were compared: one profile resampled (1) by one, (2) by three profiles or (3) three profiles resampled by three. In addition, 16 soil cores were taken per site to characterise overall plot‐scale heterogeneity and assess general patterns of spatial dependence of relevant parameters.ResultsSpatial dependence of all assessed parameters was weak. Accordingly, the resampling of one profile by one induced a high mean absolute error of 5.1 and 7.6 Mg C ha–1 at a 0–30 cm depth for croplands and grasslands (7.5% and 8.5%). This error was reduced by approximately 50% when three profiles were resampled by three profiles.ConclusionsEven with the smallest spatial shifts possible, monitoring of SOC stocks relies on replicated resampling to detect management or climate change‐induced trends in reasonable and relevant timescales.
Finite nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy in hepatitis B e antigen‐negative chronic hepatitis B: From an “option” to an “active recommendation”
Authors: Liaw Yun‐Fan , Chien Rong‐Nan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNucleos(t)ide analogue (Nuc) including entecavir, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and tenofovir alafenamide may suppress hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA profoundly but have no direct action on covalently closed circular DNA, which is a very stable template for HBV production. Therefore, decades of long‐term Nuc therapy are required to maintain HBV suppression and to achieve hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)‐negative patients. However, there are concerns including financial burden, adherence, and willingness for indefinite long‐term Nuc therapy. Patients lost to follow‐up and hence not monitored may risk severe relapse that may deteriorate to hepatic decompensation or even hepatic failure. Cessation of Nuc therapy in HBeAg‐negative patients was initially considered in early 2000s. Earlier findings in Asian patients that finite Nuc therapy over 2–3 years is feasible and safe have founded Asian‐Pacific Association for the Study of Liver stopping rule since 2008. Subsequent studies have confirmed the feasibility and safety of the strategy of finite Nuc therapy, which has finally been accepted as “an option” by American and European liver associations since 2016. More recent large studies since 2018 have further confirmed the pivotal finding of greatly increased HBsAg loss rate (~5‐year 39%) after stopping Nuc therapy. With the high HBsAg loss rate as the main justification, the paradigm shift from indefinite long‐term therapy to finite Nuc therapy in HBeAg‐negative patients has been changing from an “option” to an “active recommendation” aiming to achieve HBsAg loss. More studies are needed to fine‐tuning the strategy, including research for the optimal duration of consolidation therapy, timing to stop, and to start retreatment.
A study on optimization of anode groundbeds for cathodic protection of deep well casings based on the boundary element method
Authors: Zhao Qian , Du Yanxia , Zhuang Dawei , Li Qiongwei , Wang Xiaoyong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs a kind of basic facility in oil and gas exploitation, the deep well casing is often subjected to corrosion. Cathodic protection (CP) is an important technology to mitigate the corrosion of the deep well casing. However, the casing works in a deep well thousands of meters deep underground and passes through different stratigraphic structures with various soil environments. Besides this, in a casing well group including multiple casings, there are interactions between different casings. These problems make it difficult to design the anode groundbeds for the CP of the deep well casings and evaluate the effectiveness of CP system. Therefore, the optimization of anode groundbeds for CP of deep well casings was studied based on the boundary element method in this paper. The polarization behaviors of steel casing in different depths were measured in the field. And then the mathematical model for the CP of the deep well casing was built based on the geometric structure of casing, stratified soil resistivity, and polarization characteristics. The optimum design parameters of anode groundbeds for casing CP were explored by a numerical simulation with the boundary element method to provide a reference for the design and evaluation of CP systems for deep well casings.
Alexa, what do we know about conversational commerce? Insights from a systematic literature review
Authors: Lim Weng Marc , Kumar Satish , Verma Sanjeev , Chaturvedi Rijul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractConversational agents are systems with human‐like features that can be deployed in service settings and are fast emerging as the future of online commerce. Considering the importance and proliferation of conversational commerce, it is opportune to take stock of the field's research from a bird's eye view to guide understanding of its current and future progress. In this regard, the goal of this study is to review the performance and intellectual structure of conversational commerce. To do so, this study conducts a comprehensive and systematic review of 722 publications on conversational commerce using the Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Reviews protocol and a collection of bibliometric analysis techniques consisting of performance analysis and science mapping (e.g., content analysis, keyword co‐occurrence analysis, and bibliographic coupling). In doing so, this study reveals the performance (e.g., publication and citation trends, and top sources, publications, and authors) and the major theories and themes in the intellectual structure of the field. The study concludes with a conceptual framework depicting the constructs (e.g., antecedents, mediators, moderators, consequences, and enablers) of employing conversational agents for commerce and service delivery, as well as suggestions for its future research.
Effective brain network analysis in unilateral and bilateral upper limb exercise training in subjects with stroke
Authors: Xu Gongcheng , Huo Congcong , Yin Jiahui , Li Wenhao , Xie Hui , Li Xiangyang , Li Zengyong , Wang Yonghui , Wang Daifa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeKnowing the patterns of brain activation that occur and networks involved under different interventions is important for motor recovery in subjects with stroke. This study aimed to study the patterns of brain activation and networks in two interventions, affected upper limb side and bilateral exercise training, using concurrent functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) imaging.MethodsThirty‐two patients in the early subacute stage were randomly divided into two groups: unilateral and bilateral groups. The patients in the unilateral group underwent isokinetic muscle strength training on the affected upper limb side and patients in the bilateral group underwent bilateral upper limb training. Oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentration changes (ΔHbO2 and ΔHbR, respectively) were recorded in the ipsilateral and contralateral prefrontal cortex (IPFC and CPFC, respectively) and ipsilateral and contralateral motor cortex (IMC and CMC, respectively) by fNIRS equipment in the resting state and training conditions. The phase information of a 0.01–0.08 Hz fNIRS signal was extracted by the wavelet transform method. Dynamic Bayesian inference was adopted to calculate the coupling strength and direction of effective connectivity. The network threshold was determined by surrogate signal method, the global (weighted clustering coefficient, global efficiency, and small‐worldness) and local (degree, betweenness centrality, and local efficiency) network metrics were calculated. The degree of cerebral lateralization was also compared between the two groups.ResultsThe results of covariance analysis showed that, compared with bilateral training, the coupling effect of CMC → IMC was significantly enhanced (p = 0.03); also, the local efficiency of the IMC (p = 0.01), IPFC (p < 0.001), and CPFC (p = 0.006) and the hemispheric autonomy index of IPFC (p = 0.007) were significantly increased in unilateral training. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the coupling intensity of the inter‐hemispheric motor area and the shifted local efficiency.ConclusionsThe results indicated that unilateral upper limb training could more effectively promote the interaction and balance of bilateral motor hemispheres and help brain reorganization in the IMC and prefrontal cortex in stroke patients. The method provided in this study could be used to evaluate dynamic brain activation and network reorganization under different interventions, thus improving the strategy of rehabilitation intervention in a timely manner and resulting in better motor recovery.
A rapid imaging method of the seismic back‐scattered wavefield for urban road near‐surface anomalous structures
Authors: Lu Xinglin , Hu Xuquan , Luo Chaopeng , Xu Zhengyu , Liao Xian , Liu Longhuan , Fu Zhihong 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTUrban road near‐surface anomalous structures are buried at shallow depths (≦20 m) and small scale. Current geophysical methods, such as the transient electromagnetic, ground‐penetrating radar and shallow seismic methods with reflection wave, refraction wave and Rayleigh surface wave, do not provide sufficient detection accuracy for near‐surface anomalous structures. Although the back‐scattered method is promising in this task, it still needs improvement. This paper proposes an efficient near‐surface seismic back‐scattered method to realize the rapid lateral imaging of urban road anomalous structures. The proposed method uses a principal component analysis algorithm to directly extract the anomalous structure information. It does not require the knowledge of parameters such as velocity or the seismic wavelet so that the solutions are not affected by these parameters. Moreover, the proposed method retains the high transverse resolution of the back‐scattered wavefield and does not lose the wavefield information. Simulation and experimental operation show that the proposed method is very efficient. Combined with the hardware equipment provided by the towed seismograph, the proposed method can realize rapid detection and data imaging, which has a high engineering application value.
Staging surgery for intraventricular bilateral giant Rosai–Dorfman disease in children
Authors: Zhang Jiyin , Li Dapeng , Cheng Ran , Zhang Nan , Ni Xin , Ge Ming 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTIntroductionRosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) is an uncommon, benign, and idiopathic histiocytic proliferative disorder. Multiple intracranial RDD is extremely rare and treatment varies.Case presentationA 9‐year‐old girl was admitted with 3‐month history of blurred vision and facial paralysis, a 2‐month history of recurrent giggle, and cognitive impairment. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed bilateral ventricular masses based on the dural membrane and the diameters of the masses were 9.1 cm and 9.2 cm, respectively. The lesions were completely removed with staging surgeries. Fifteen months after operation, blurred vision was still present but facial paralysis and giggle and cognitive impairment disappeared. Imaging examinations suggested that there were no new or recurring lesions.ConclusionFor multiple large intracranial masses, surgical treatment is necessary and staged surgery benefits perioperative safety. Active follow‐up with magnetic resonance imaging is necessary.
Optimized sampling to estimate vancomycin drug exposure: Comparison of pharmacometric and equation‐based approaches in a simulation‐estimation study
Authors: Uster David W. , Wicha Sebastian G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVancomycin dosing should be accompanied by area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC)–guided dosing using model‐informed precision dosing software according to the latest guidelines. Although a peak plus a trough sample is considered the gold standard to determine the AUC, single‐sample strategies might be more economic. Yet, optimal sampling times for AUC determination of vancomycin have not been systematically evaluated. In the present study, automated one‐ or two‐sample strategies were systematically explored to estimate the AUC with a model averaging and a model selection algorithm. Both were compared with a conventional equation‐based approach in a simulation‐estimation study mimicking a heterogenous patient population (n = 6000). The optimal single‐sample timepoints were identified between 2–6.5 h post dose, with varying bias values between −2.9% and 1.0% and an imprecision of 23.3%–24.0% across the population pharmacokinetic approaches. Adding a second sample between 4.5–6.0 h improved the predictive performance (−1.7% to 0.0% bias, 17.6%–18.6% imprecision), although the difference in the two‐sampling strategies were minor. The equation‐based approach was always positively biased and hence inferior to the population pharmacokinetic approaches. In conclusion, the approaches always preferred samples to be drawn early in the profile (<6.5 h), whereas sampling of trough concentrations resulted in a higher imprecision. Furthermore, optimal sampling during the early treatment phase could already give sufficient time to individualize the second dose, which is likely unfeasible using trough sampling.