bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends of HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes among Nigerian women between 2007 and 2017 using Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey data
Authors: Ukaegbu Enyinnaya , Alibekova Raushan , Ali Syed , Crape Byron , Issanov Alpamys 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Globally, Nigeria ranks third among the countries with the highest number of People Living with HIV (PLHIV). Given that HIV/AIDS knowledge is a key factor that determines the risk of transmission and certain attitudes towards PLHIV, there is a need to understand the trend of HIV knowledge within the population for the purpose of assessing the progress and outcome of HIV prevention strategies. The aim of the study was to understand the trends of HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude towards PLHIV between 2007 to 2017 among Nigerian women, and to investigate change in the factors associated with HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude towards PLHIV over years.

Methods
Data were derived from three Nigerian Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (2007, 2011 and 2016–2017) among women aged 15–49 years old from each geo-political zone (South South, South East, South West, North East, North West, North Central) in Nigeria. Participants who did not answer questions related to HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude were excluded from the study. The final sample sizes were 17,733 for 2007, 26,532 for 2011 and 23,530 for 2017. In descriptive statistics, frequencies represented the study sample, while percentages represented weighted estimates for the population parameters. Rao-Scott chi-square test for complex survey design studies was used to assess bivariable associations. Factors associated with outcome variables were examined using the survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression models for the complex survey design while controlling for potential confounding variables.

Results
There was a relatively high level of HIV/AIDS knowledge level in 2007 and 2016–2017 surveys (64.6 and 64.1%, respectively), however a decrease in HIV/AIDS knowledge trend was observed in 2011 (45.6%). The positive attitude towards PLHIV progressively increased across the years (from 40.5 to 47.0% to 53.5%). Multivariable analysis revealed that women who had a higher educational level, higher wealth index, and lived in urban areas had higher odds for HIV/AIDS knowledge and positive attitude towards PLHIV across the years. In addition, the Northern zones had predominantly higher knowledge and attitude levels.

Conclusions
Our study found increasing tendency for high HIV/AIDS knowledge and positive attitude towards PLHIV over the years. Women’s age, wealth index, education level and residence were consistently associated with knowledge and attitude over the years. There is a need for more pragmatic HIV/AIDS-related knowledge action plan to target to cover all age groups, all geo-political zones while paying close attention to the rural areas and the less educated women. In addition, more replicative studies of HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude trends is crucial in monitoring of the progress of HIV interventions in the country in the coming years.
AMICA1 is a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and induces immune cells infiltration by activating cGAS-STING signaling in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Feng Ziyang , Zhang Yan , He Min , Han Ying , Cai Changjing , Liu Shanshan , Liu Ping , Chen Yihong , Shen Hong , Zeng Shan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Adhesion molecule interacting with CXADR antigen 1 (AMICA1), also known as Junction Adhesion Molecule Like (JAML), a recently identified member of the JAMs family, plays a critical role in mediating cancer development and immune cells transmigration. However, AMICA1 has never been reported to be related to the genesis, development and immunotherapy effect of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In this research, we investigated the role of AMICA1 in LUAD through bioinformatic analysis and in vitro experiments.

Methods
Bioinformatic analysis from TCGA and GEO databases were used to investigate the expression level of AMICA1 and the correlation between AMICA1 and clinical parameters in LUAD patients. The LinkedOmics database was analyzed to investigate the co-expression network of AMICA1. TIMER and TISIDB databases were used to analyze the correlation between AMICA1 expression and immune infiltration level. Except for bioinformatic analysis, the AMICA1 mRNA (26 patients) and protein level (6 patients) were also detected by real-time PCR and western blot. The infiltration level of CD8+ T cells (15 patients) and PD1+ T cells (13 patients) were detected by immunohistochemistry. The diagnostic value of AMICA1 was revealed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between AMICA1 expression and CD8+ T cells and PD1+ T cells infiltration level.

Results
Bioinformatic data from public database and our data showed that AMICA1 was significantly downregulated in LUAD. Decreased AMICA1 expression in LUAD was associated with higher T stage, M stage and pathological stage. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indicated that patients with low AMICA1 expression had a worse prognosis. ROC curves showed that AMICA1 had high diagnostic accuracy for LUAD patients. Multivariate Cox analysis further displayed that AMICA1 expression level was an independent prognostic factor for LUAD patients. Moreover, the expression of AMICA1 was significantly different in the immune cells subtype and was obviously linked to immune cells infiltration. In vitro experiments suggested that AMICA1 significantly suppressed the proliferation of LUAD cells and played an important role in activating cGAS-STING signaling.

Conclusions
Our study suggested that AMICA1 might function as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and significantly suppressed the proliferation of LUAD cells. Besides, AMICA1 is positively correlated with immune cells infiltration in LUAD, and cGAS-STING signaling might play an important role in the process.
Long noncoding RNA SNHG17: a novel molecule in human cancers
Authors: Ma Li , Gao Jin , Zhang Niu , Wang Jiawei , Xu Tianwei , Lei Tianyao , Zou Xiaoteng , Wei Chenchen , Wang Zhaoxia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMany studies in recent years have found that dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can contribute to disease. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 17 (SNHG17) is a novel cancer-related lncRNA of the SNHG family which is highly expressed in various tumors and may exert oncogenic functions. Several studies have demonstrated that SNHG17 is closely related to the proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and chemical drug resistance of tumor cells, and clinical studies have found an association between high SNHG17 expression and poor prognosis. In this review, we summarize relevant studies investigating SNHG17, focusing on its biological function as well as its potential value for clinical applications.
Prophylactic or therapeutic administration of Holarrhena floribunda hydro ethanol extract suppresses complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in Sprague-Dawley rats
Authors: Antwi Stephen , Oduro-Mensah Daniel , Asiedu-Larbi Jerry , Oduro-Mensah Ebenezer , Quasie Olga , Lewis Clara , Darko-Obiri David , Ocloo Augustine , Okine Laud Kenneth 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
A hydro ethanol extract of the stem bark of Holarrhena floribunda (HFE) has been shown to be effective in the management of acute inflammation. This study was to evaluate usefulness of the extract for the management of chronic inflammation in a murine model.

Methods
Arthritis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using Complete Freund’s Adjuvant. Anti-arthritic effect of the extract was evaluated in prophylactic and therapeutic treatment models at doses of 50, 200 and 500 mg/kg. Parameters assessed included oedema, serology of inflammatory response, bone tissue histology and haematology. Data were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons post hoc test.

Results
HFE at 50–500 mg/kg dose-dependently [P ≥ 0.0354 (prophylactic) and P ≥ 0.0001 (therapeutic) inhibited swelling of the injected paw upon prophylactic [≤ 81.26% (P < 0.0001) or therapeutic [≤ 67.92% (P < 0.01) administration — and prevented spread of arthritis to the contralateral paw. The inflammation alleviation activity was further demonstrated by decrease in arthritis score, radiologic score and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. HFE at all doses significantly reduced serum interleukin (IL)-1α (P < 0.0197), and 500 mg/kg HFE reduced IL-6 (P = 0.0032). In contrast, serum concentrations of IL-10, protein kinase A and cyclic adenosine monophosphate were enhanced (P ≤ 0.0436). HFE consistently showed better prophylactic than therapeutic activity.

Conclusion
HFE strongly suppressed Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-induced arthritis and modulated regulators of inflammation, including IL-1α, − 6 and − 10. Taken together, the data suggest that HFE has potential for use as an agent for modulation of the inflammatory response.
Biodegradable MoSe2-polyvinylpyrrolidone nanoparticles with multi-enzyme activity for ameliorating acute pancreatitis
Authors: Xie Pei , Zhang Liying , Shen Hui , Wu Hang , Zhao Jiulong , Wang Shige , Hu Lianghao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExogenous antioxidant materials mimicking endogenous antioxidant systems are commonly used for the treatment of oxidative stress-induced injuries. Thus, artificial enzymes have emerged as promising candidates for balancing and treating the dysregulation of redox homeostasis in vivo. Herein, a one-pot hydrothermal strategy for the facile preparation of MoSe2-polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanoparticles (NPs) is reported. The synthesized NPs were biodegradable due to their exposure to oxygen and exhibited high stability. Moreover, they effectively mimicked various naturally occurring enzymes (including catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase) and scavenged free radicals, such as 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, ·OH, ·O2−, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. Further apoptosis detection studies revealed that MoSe2-PVP NPs significantly increased the cell survival probability in H2O2 in a concentration-dependent manner. The cytoprotective effect of MoSe2-PVP NPs was explored for an animal model of acute pancreatitis, which confirmed its remarkable therapeutic efficacy. Owing to the biodegradable and biocompatible nature of MoSe2-PVP NPs, the findings of this work can stimulate the development of other artificial nanoenzymes for antioxidant therapies.
Graphical Abstract
Robust radiosensitization of hemoglobin-curcumin nanoparticles suppresses hypoxic hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Gao Ruoling , Gu Yuan , Yang Ying , He Yuping , Huang Wenpeng , Sun Ting , Tang Zaixiang , Wang Yong , Yang Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundRadioresistance inducing by hypoxic microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma is a major obstacle to clinical radiotherapy. Advanced nanomedicine provides an alternative to alleviate the hypoxia extent of solid tumor, even to achieve effective synergistic treatment when combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy.ResultsHerein, we developed a self-assembled nanoparticle based on hemoglobin and curcumin for photoacoustic imaging and radiotherapy of hypoxic hepatocellular carcinoma. The fabricated nanoparticles inhibited hepatoma migration and vascular mimics, and enhanced the radiosensitivity of hypoxic hepatoma cells in vitro via repressing cell proliferation and DNA damage repair, as well as inducing apoptosis. Benefit from oxygen-carrying hemoglobin combined with polyphenolic curcumin, the nanoparticles also effectively enhanced the photoacoustic contrast and the efficacy of radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo.ConclusionsTogether, the current study offered a radiosensitization platform for optimizing the efficacy of nanomedicines on hypoxic radioresistant tumor.Graphical Abstract
Activation of AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling in the peripheral blood of women with premature ovarian insufficiency and its correlation with FMR1 expression
Authors: Rehnitz Julia , Messmer Birgitta , Bender Ulrike , Nguyen Xuan Phuoc , Germeyer Ariane , Hinderhofer Katrin , Strowitzki Thomas , Capp Edison 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway regulates early follicular activation and follicular pool maintenance in female germline cells. Fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) regulates folliculogenesis and it is variably expressed in patients with Premature Ovary Insufficiency. FMR1 expression is supposed to be linked to AKT/mTOR signaling in an ovarian response dependent manner as demonstrated in recent invitro and invivo studies in the female germline invitro and invivo.

Methods
We evaluated changes in the expression of AKT/mTOR signaling pathway genes by real time PCR in the peripheral blood of 74 patients with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency and 56 fertile controls and correlated their expression with FMR1 expression.

Results
Expression of the genes AKT1, TSC2, mTOR, and S6K was significantly more abundant in patients with POI than in the controls. For AKT1, TSC2 and mTOR, gene expression was not affected by FMR1-CGG repeat number in the 5´-untranslated region. FMR1 and S6K expression levels, however, were significantly upregulated in patients with POI and an FMR1 premutation. Independent of a premutation, expression of mTOR, S6K, and TSC2 was significantly correlated with that of FMR1 in all patients. Furthermore, when grouped according to ovarian reserve, this effect remained significant only for mTOR and S6K, with higher significance note in patients with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency than in the controls.

Conclusions
In Premature ovarian insufficiency patients, activation of AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is remarkable and putatively pathognomonic. Additionally, it seems to be triggered by an FMR1/mTOR/S6K linkage mechanism, most relevant in premutation carriers.
Energy deprivation-induced AMPK activation inhibits milk synthesis by targeting PrlR and PGC-1α
Authors: Wu Zhihui , Li Qihui , Yang Siwang , Zheng Tenghui , Shao Jiayuan , Guan Wutai , Chen Fang , Zhang Shihai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The mammary gland is responsible for milk production and secretion, which is critical for neonatal health during lactation. Lactation efficiency is largely affected by energy status with unclear mechanism.

Results
In the current study, we found that synthesis of milk fat and protein was significantly inhibited under energy-deficient conditions, which is accompanied with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Modulating the AMPK signaling pathway directly or indirectly affects the synthesis of milk fat and protein. Besides mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling in the regulation of milk synthesis, we discovered that AMPK mainly regulates the synthesis of milk protein through prolactin signaling. Mechanistically, AMPK triggers the ubiquitination of prolactin receptor (PrlR) through regulating the activity of β-transducin repeat-containing protein (β-TrCP, an E3 ligase). Subsequently, PrlR is degraded by the endocytosis process of lysosomes, which further attenuates prolactin signaling. In addition, our results revealed that AMPK activation inhibits milk fat synthesis through decreasing and accelerating de novo synthesis and β-oxidation of fatty acids, respectively. To be precise, AMPK activation inhibits rate limiting enzymes and transcriptional regulatory factors involved in de novo fatty acid synthesis and decreases the acetylation process of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) to strengthen the oxidation of fatty acids.

Conclusions
Taken together, AMPK regulates the synthesis of milk not only depends on canonical mTORC1 signaling and key rate-limiting enzymes, but also through manipulating the degradation of PrlR and the acetylation of PGC-1α.
Female genital mutilation: prevalence, associated factors and health consequences among reproductive age group women in Keffa Zone, Southwest, Ethiopia
Authors: Gudeta Tesfaye Abera , Regassa Tilahun Mekonnen , Gamtessa Lalisa Chewaka 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Female genital mutilation is procedure involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia for cultural or non-therapeutic reasons. Despite of global concerns, awareness, and campaigns, the prevalence of female genital mutilation remains high in many countries.

Objective
To assess female genital mutilation: prevalence, associated factors, and health consequences among reproductive age group women in Keffa Zone, Southwest, Ethiopia.

Methods
A community based cross-sectional study design was employed from March 01 to April 30, 2019. We used a multi stage sampling. Finally, using simple random sampling technique, we selected four Woredas. Consequently, after clustering kebeles, all mothers with daughter/s younger than 15 years and live in clustered kebeles were interviewed. Data were entered into Epi data and exported to SPSS version 23.0. Variables with P-value of less than 0.25 in binary logistic regression analyses were entered into the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to determine associations between dependent and independent variables. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Almost all, 729 (97.2%) of mothers expressed that they heard about female circumcision. However, less than one-fourth, 159 (21.2%) of mothers were circumcised. Among those 159 women ever circumcised, 52 (32.7%) reported that they experienced the complication of female genital mutilation.The prevalence of female genital mutilation of daughters’ younger than 15 years was 12 (1.6%). Rural residence [AOR 6.74, 95% CI (2.70–16.85)], being Muslim and Protestant follower by their religion [AOR 0.19, 95% CI (0.07–0.53] and [AOR 0.54, 95% CI (0.30–0.98)] respectively and occupational status of the husband; Merchant [AOR 7.29; 95% CI (3.66–14.51)], Daily laborer[AOR 2.70, 95% CI (1.14–6.40)] and others (drivers and students) [AOR 6.70, 95% CI (1.55–28.95] were statistically significantly associated with female genital mutilation.

Conclusion
In this study, prevalence of female genital mutilation practice among daughters and women of reproductive group was low as compared to a national data. However, that much magnitude still seeks attention as Ethiopia planned to end the practice. Religion, place of residence, and occupational status of the husband were statistically significantly associated with female genital mutilation. Therefore, any strategy to end up the practice better considers dimension of all these variables.
Determinants of optimal antenatal care visit among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis of Ethiopian mini demographic health survey 2019 data
Authors: Yehualashet Delelegn Emwodew , Seboka Binyam Tariku , Tesfa Getanew Aschalew , Mamo Tizalegn Tesfaye , Seid Elias 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Optimal antenatal care (ANC4+) needs to be used throughout pregnancy to reduce pregnancy complications and maternal mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends eight ANC contacts, while Ethiopia has the lowest coverage of at least four ANC visits. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with optimal ANC visits among pregnant women in Ethiopia.

Methods
This study is a secondary data analysis of the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey (EMDHS). A multilevel logistic regression model is set up to identify factors associated with optimal ANC visits. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to estimate the strength of the association between the outcome and the predictor variables.

Results
Overall, 43% of women had optimal ANC visits during their last pregnancy. Higher educated women are 3.99 times more likely (AOR = 3.99; 95% CI: 2.62–6.02) to have optimal ANC visits than women with no formal education. The wealthiest women are 2.09 times more likely (AOR = 2.09; 95% CI: 1.56–2.82) to have optimal ANC visits than women in the poorest quintile. The odds of optimal ANC visit is 42 percent lower in rural women (AOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.41–0.83) compared to women living in urban areas.

Conclusion
Women's educational status, wealth status, mass media exposure, place of residence and region are factors that are significantly associated with optimal ANC visit. These findings help health care programmers and policymakers to introduce appropriate policies and programs to ensure optimal ANC coverage. Priority should be given to addressing economic and educational interventions.
The long non-coding RNA LNC_000397 negatively regulates PRRSV replication through induction of interferon-stimulated genes
Authors: Zhang Jing , Gan Lipeng , Sun Pu , Wang Jian , Li Dong , Cao Yimei , Fu Yuanfang , Li Pinghua , Bai Xingwen , Li Kun , Ma Xueqing , Bao Huifang , Chen Yingli , Zhang Jie , Liu Zaixin , Lu Zengjun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most significant threats to the global swine industry. It is of great importance to understand viral-host interactions to develop novel antiviral strategies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical factors regulating host antiviral immune responses. However, lncRNAs participating in virus-host interactions during PRRSV infection remain largely unexplored.

Method
RNA transcripts of porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with two different PRRSV strains, GSWW/2015 and VR2332, at 24 h post-infection were sequenced by high-throughput sequencing. Four programs namely, CNCI, CPC, PFAM, and phyloCSF, were utilized to predict the coding potential of transcripts. mRNAs co-localized or co-expressed with differentially expressed lncRNAs were considered as their targets. Fuction of lncRNAs was predicted by GO and KEGG analysis of their target mRNAs. The effect of LNC_000397 on PRRSV replication was validated by knockdown its expression using siRNA. Target genes of LNC_000397 were identified by RNA-Sequencing and validated by RT-qPCR.

Result
In this study, we analyzed lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles of PRRSV GSWW/2015 and VR2332 infected porcine alveolar macrophages. A total of 1,147 novel lncRNAs were characterized, and 293 lncRNAs were differentially expressed. mRNAs co-localized and co-expressed with lncRNAs were enriched in pathogen-infection-related biological processes such as Influenza A and Herpes simplex infection. Functional analysis revealed the lncRNA, LNC_000397, which was up-regulated by PRRSV infection, negatively regulated PRRSV replication. Knockdown of LNC_000397 significantly impaired expression of antiviral ISGs such as MX dynamin-like GTPase 1 (MX1), ISG15 Ubiquitin-like modifier (ISG15), and radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2 (RSAD2).

Conclusions
LNC_000397 negatively regulated PRRSV replication by inducing interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expression. Our study is the first report unveiling the role of host lncRNA in regulating PRRSV replication, which might be beneficial for the development of novel antiviral therapeutics.