bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of opioid use between robotic and open pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Witt Russell G. , Hirata Yuki , Prakash Laura R. , Newhook Timothy E. , Maxwell Jessica E. , Kim Michael P. , Tran Cao Hop S. , Lee Jeffrey E. , Vauthey Jean‐Nicolas , Katz Matthew H. G. , Tzeng Ching‐Wei D. , Ikoma Naruhiko 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground/PurposeRisk‐stratified pancreatectomy clinical pathways using regional anesthesia and multimodality analgesia have decreased overall opioid use, but the additional benefits of robotic surgery in opioid reduction for pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) are unknown. We compared the inpatient opioid use between robotic PD and open PD.MethodsPatients undergoing open PD within a protocol evaluating preincisional regional anesthetic block bundles were compared to consecutively‐treated patients undergoing robotic PD identified from a prospectively maintained single‐institutional database. Clinical characteristics, operative outcomes, pain scores and inpatient oral morphine equivalent (OME) use were compared between patients treated with robotic or open PD. Patients with a history of continuous‐release opioid dependence were excluded.ResultsOf 114 total patients, 25 underwent robotic PD and 89 underwent open PD. Intraoperative opioid use was not different (P = .87), nor were cumulative pain scores. Robotic PD patients used significantly fewer OMEs per day on postoperative days 1–4 (P = .039), used fewer total OMEs during hospitalization (robotic: median = 79, IQR 42.5–141; open: median = 126, IQR 61.3–203.8; P = .0036) and were discharged with fewer OMEs (robotic: median = 0, IQR 0–43.8; open: median = 25, IQR 0–75; P = .009) despite a shorter length of stay (robotic: median = 4, open: median = 5, P = .002).ConclusionsRobotic PD patients required fewer inpatient OMEs than open PD while maintaining similar pain scores. A higher percentage of robotic PD patients tapered off of opioids prior to discharge than open surgery patients treated with a standardized opioid reduction protocol despite a shorter length of stay. These results provide a rationale for choosing robotic PD when feasible to minimize opioid use.
A practical synthesis of voxelotor
Authors: Kang Linlin , Mao Yongjun , Jiang Shun , Lu Sheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn improved and practical synthesis of voxelotor (1) was developed, from the commercially available chemicals pyrazole, 2‐chloronicotinic acid, and dimethoxybenzene. The key intermediate (2‐[1‐isopropyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐yl]pyridin‐3‐yl)methanol (8) was prepared in 45% yield over 4 steps, including reduction and cross‐coupling condensation. 2,6‐Dihydroxybenzaldehyde (24) was prepared in 68% yield over 2 steps. Finally, 1 was obtained from this convergent synthetic route through 8 steps in total 25% yield and 99.2% purity on a 20 grams scale.
Healthcare quality during pediatric mental health boarding: A qualitative analysis
Authors: McCarty Emily J. , Nagarajan Meera K. , Halloran Sean R. , Brady Robert E. , House Samantha A. , Leyenaar JoAnna K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundFollowing initial evaluation and management, youth requiring inpatient psychiatric care often experience boarding, defined as being held in the emergency department or another location while awaiting inpatient care. Although mental health boarding is common, little research has examined the quality of healthcare delivery during the boarding period.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the perspectives and experiences of multidisciplinary clinicians and parents regarding mental health boarding and to develop a conceptual model to inform quality improvement efforts.Design, Setting, & ParticipantsWe conducted semistructured interviews with clinicians and parents of youth experiencing boarding. Interviews focused on experiences of care and perceived opportunities for improvement were continued until thematic saturation was reached. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to identify emergent themes using a general inductive approach. Axial coding was used to inform conceptual framework development.ResultsInterviews were conducted with 19 clinicians and 11 parents. Building on the Donabedian structure‐process‐outcome model of quality evaluation, emergent domains, and associated themes included: (1) infrastructure for healthcare delivery, including clinician training, healthcare team composition, and the physical environment; (2) processes of healthcare delivery, including clinician roles and responsibilities, goals of care, communication with families, policies/procedures, and logistics of inter‐facility transfer; and (3) measurable outcomes, including patient safety, family experience, mental health status, timeliness of care, and clinician moral distress.ConclusionThis qualitative study summarizes clinician and family perspectives about care for youth experiencing boarding. The conceptual model resulting from this analysis can be applied to implement and evaluate quality improvement endeavors to support this vulnerable population.
Real‐life impact of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and entecavir therapy on lipid profile, glucose, and uric acid in chronic hepatitis B patients
Authors: Zhang Qi , Liang Jinlin , Yin Junhua , Jiang Yiyue , Yu Ning , Liao Xingmei , Zhao Siru , Wu Leyuan , Fan Rong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe impact of long‐term nucleos(t)ide analogs treatment on host metabolism is a concern. Hence, we conducted this study to compare the effect of entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) on metabolic parameters among chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. In this real‐life retrospective study, 2030 CHB outpatients treated with ETV or TDF at Nanfang Hospital, China, were included. For treatment‐naïve patients, pretreatment and semiannual metabolic parameters were collected. For treatment‐experienced patients, metabolic parameters were collected at the first visit. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance the effects of potential confounding factors. Among 122 treatment‐naïve patients and 1908 treatment‐experienced patients, ETV‐treated patients were older with a higher percentage of metabolic syndrome. After PSM, the characteristics were comparable between the two groups. For treatment‐naïve patients, four lipid parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), high‐density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels showed a decreasing trend during the 42‐month TDF treatment, while they remained relatively stable or increased during ETV treatment. At Month 30, the levels of TC and LDL among TDF‐treated patients were significantly lower than those among ETV‐treated patients (TC: 4.7 mmol/L vs. 3.9 mmol/L, p = 0.004; LDL: 3.0 mmol/L vs. 2.4 mmol/L, p = 0.009). For treatment‐experienced patients, we also observed lower levels of lipid parameters in patients with different durations of TDF treatment. The levels of glucose and uric acid were similar among ETV‐ and TDF‐treated patients. TDF has a lipid‐lowering effect in CHB patients, which provides a basis for the selection of antiviral drugs for aging CHB patients.
Managing a portfolio of environmental projects: Focus, balance, and environmental management capabilities
Authors: Tong Xun , Linderman Kevin , Zhu Qinghua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis research examines the influence of a firm's portfolio of environmental projects on its ability to efficiently improve environmental outcomes. The data comes from Chinese automotive suppliers of a western manufacturer and consists of 154 environmental project portfolios that contain 614 environmental improvement projects as well as firm‐level data from Dun & Bradstreet. A data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to estimate the firms' efficiency in transforming resources into environmental outcomes. Then an econometric analysis evaluates the impact of the portfolio effect (i.e., environmental project portfolio composition) on the firm's efficiency in improving the environment. The empirical results show that when firms reduce the heterogeneity in the types of environmental projects in their portfolios (i.e., a more focused portfolio), they can more efficiently improve environmental outcomes. However, firms may want to introduce diversity in the types of environmental projects in their portfolio (i.e., reducing the focus).The analysis shows that more environmentally capable firms can increase the diversity of the projects in their portfolios without negatively impacting outcomes. In addition, firms can better manage diversity in their portfolios when they balance socially oriented projects with technically oriented projects. This study contributes to the theory of project portfolio roles in improving environmental outcomes and offers several novel insights for project portfolio managers working to improve environmental outcomes with limited resources.
Human‐to‐AI Interrater Agreement for Lung Ultrasound Scoring in COVID‐19 Patients
Authors: Fatima Noreen , Mento Federico , Zanforlin Alessandro , Smargiassi Andrea , Torri Elena , Perrone Tiziano , Demi Libertario 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesLung ultrasound (LUS) has sparked significant interest during COVID‐19. LUS is based on the detection and analysis of imaging patterns. Vertical artifacts and consolidations are some of the recognized patterns in COVID‐19. However, the interrater reliability (IRR) of these findings has not been yet thoroughly investigated. The goal of this study is to assess IRR in LUS COVID‐19 data and determine how many LUS videos and operators are required to obtain a reliable result.MethodsA total of 1035 LUS videos from 59 COVID‐19 patients were included. Videos were randomly selected from a dataset of 1807 videos and scored by six human operators (HOs). The videos were also analyzed by artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. Fleiss' kappa coefficient results are presented, evaluated at both the video and prognostic levels.ResultsFindings show a stable agreement when evaluating a minimum of 500 videos. The statistical analysis illustrates that, at a video level, a Fleiss' kappa coefficient of 0.464 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.455–0.473) and 0.404 (95% CI = 0.396–0.412) is obtained for pairs of HOs and for AI versus HOs, respectively. At prognostic level, a Fleiss' kappa coefficient of 0.505 (95% CI = 0.448–0.562) and 0.506 (95% CI = 0.458–0.555) is obtained for pairs of HOs and for AI versus HOs, respectively.ConclusionsTo examine IRR and obtain a reliable evaluation, a minimum of 500 videos are recommended. Moreover, the employed AI algorithms achieve results that are comparable with HOs. This research further provides a methodology that can be useful to benchmark future LUS studies.
Characterizing Pediatric Bilateral Vocal Fold Dysfunction: Analysis with the Pediatric Health Information System Database
Authors: Shay Aryan D. , Zaniletti Isabella , Davis Kyle P. , Bolin Elijah , Richter Gresham T. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to characterize pediatric bilateral vocal fold dysfunction and to examine the overall inpatient mortality.MethodsRetrospective cohort analysis. Data from the Pediatric Health Information System was gathered for all pediatric patients with a diagnosis of bilateral vocal fold dysfunction between January 2008 and September 2020. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazard models.Results2395 patients accounted for 4799 hospitalizations with bilateral vocal fold dysfunction. Inpatient mortality occurred in 2.9% of the study sample. Chiari 2 was found in 2.8% of patients. The most common associated diagnoses were related to comorbid respiratory conditions (61.1%). The median adjusted ratio of cost to charges was $76,569. Aspiration was noted in 28 patients (1.2%). Gastrostomy was performed in 607 patients (25.3%). Tracheostomy was performed in 27% of patients. The overall 90‐day readmission rate was 61%. On multivariate analysis, prognostic factors associated with increased hospital survival include gastrointestinal comorbidities (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.18–0.49) and tracheostomy (HR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.12–0.37).ConclusionThis database study represents the largest cohort analysis to date characterizing bilateral vocal fold dysfunction. Favorable prognostic indicators of overall hospital survival include gastrointestinal comorbidities and the presence of tracheostomy. Tracheostomy is associated with an increase in hospital costs, comorbidities, gastrostomy tube placement, and Chiari diagnosis.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 133:1228–1233, 2023
Soil aggregate organic carbon and clover root characteristics as affected by earthworms (Metaphire guillelmi)
Authors: Ma Li , Shao Ming'an , Li Jing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSoil aggregate composition is an important factor that affects soil organic carbon (SOC) content. Earthworms can greatly affect soil aggregate composition. However, the effects of earthworms' activities on SOC content in soil aggregates and the stability of these compounds was not clear. To reveal the mechanism of earthworms impacts on soil carbon stock, different earthworms densities were set in soil columns planted with clovers (Trifolium repens L.). We then analyzed the relationship that earthworms had with soil physicochemical properties and clover plant growth. Earthworms increased the large (17.5%–35.6%) and medium aggregate content (0.6%–9.79%) and decreased the microaggregates content (19.8%–29%) of the surface soil. Soil aggregates in medium density treatment were more stable than those in others. Both the mean mass diameter and geometric mean diameter of soil aggregates increased with the densities of earthworms. The average SOC content in large‐, medium‐, and microaggregates were 5.5, 4.2, and 4.2 g kg−1 respectively in soils seeded with earthworms. There was a significant correlation between soil organic carbon content and macroaggregate organic carbon content (R2 = 0.623, p < 0.05). The root characteristic values (root length, surface area, diameter, and biomass) of earthworm‐treated clover‐planted soils were higher than those of control. Clover root indices were positively correlated with the soil organic carbon content and soil aggregates. Earthworms altered the soil aggregate content and enhanced soil organic carbon storage, and thus promoted the development of vegetation roots. This study provides scientific support for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of earthworms in soil carbon storage.
Clinical feasibility of a novel test setup for objective measurements using the VIBRANT SOUNDBRIDGE
Authors: Sprinzl Georg Mathias , Schörg Philipp , Edlinger Stefan , Ploder Marlene , Magele Astrid 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe VIBRANT SOUNDBRIDGE is a widely used active middle ear implant to treat hearing loss. The floating mass transducer is surgically coupled to the ossicles, the round or oval window. A reliable method to monitor the coupling efficiency intraoperatively is highly desired. Research groups have developed several methods, but limitations remain. This study aims to evaluate the clinical feasibility of a new research setup for auditory brainstem response measurement to evaluate the coupling efficiency.MethodIn 14 subjects, the new tool was used to record VSB‐evoked ABR thresholds during surgery. The intra‐op ABR thresholds were compared to pre‐op bone conduction (BC) thresholds and post‐op vibrogram thresholds to evaluate the feasibility of the method as a tool to monitor coupling efficiency.ResultsThe mean pre‐op BC threshold average at 1, 2, and 4 kHz (PTA3) was 47 dB HL, the mean intra‐op ABR threshold was 54 dB nHL, and the mean post‐op vibrogram PTA3 was 60 dB HLeq. ABR was measurable in all subjects using the new tool. Correlation between pre‐op BC thresholds and intra‐op ABR thresholds was statistically significant; however, one outlier was present.ConclusionIntra‐op hearing threshold detection through ABR and direct stimulation of the VSB implant was reliable using this new tool. Despite some individual variability, first results correlate well with pre‐op BC and post‐op vibrogram thresholds.
Effects of elevatedpCO2and temperature on the calcification rate, survival, extrapallial fluid chemistry, and respiration of the Atlantic Sea scallopPlacopecten magellanicus
Authors: Cameron Louise P. , Grabowski Jonathan H. , Ries Justin B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAnthropogenic CO2‐emission is causing ocean warming and acidification. Understanding how basic physiological processes of marine organisms respond to these stressors is important for predicting their responses to future global change. We examined the effects of elevated pCO2and temperature (pCO2 = 344–2199 ppm; temperature = 6°C, 9°C, and 12°C) on the calcification rate, extrapallial fluid (EPF) carbonate chemistry, respiration, and survivorship of Atlantic sea scallops (Placopecten magellanicus) in a fully crossed 143‐d experiment. Rates of calcification and respiration were inhibited by elevated pCO2, and mortality occurred when elevated pCO2was accompanied by high‐temperature stress. Declines in growth and survivorship were likely caused by external shell dissolution, thermal stress, and hypercapnic reduction of metabolism under elevated pCO2. Concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity in the EPF increased above seawater concentrations in response to elevated pCO2. EPF pH declined, but did not decline as much as seawater pH, indicating that scallops regulate EPF pH to support calcification. The combination of EPF pH regulation and DIC elevation yielded an increase in EPF [] under elevated pCO2treatments. The combination of low respiration rates, high EPF [], and low calcification rates under elevated pCO2suggests that the impaired calcification arises more from hypercapnic inhibition of metabolic activity and external shell dissolution than from chemically unfavorable conditions in the EPF. These results demonstrate the importance of EPF chemistry for bivalve biomineralization, but show that regulation efforts are insufficient to fully offset the deleterious effects of elevated pCO2on scallop performance.
A 3D Printed Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold Composed of Alginate Dialdehyde‐Gelatine Reinforced by Lysozyme Loaded Cerium Doped Mesoporous Silica‐Calcia Nanoparticles
Authors: Monavari Mahshid , Medhekar Rucha , Nawaz Qaisar , Monavari Mehran , Fuentes‐Chandía Miguel , Homaeigohar Shahin , Boccaccini Aldo R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA novel biomaterial comprising alginate dialdehyde‐gelatine (ADA‐GEL) hydrogel augmented by lysozyme loaded mesoporous cerium doped silica‐calcia nanoparticles (Lys‐Ce‐MSNs) is 3D printed to create bioactive scaffolds. Lys‐Ce‐MSNs raise the mechanical stiffness of the hydrogel composite scaffold and induce surface apatite mineralization, when the scaffold is immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). Moreover, the scaffolds can co‐deliver bone healing (Ca and Si) and antioxidant ions (Ce), and Lys to achieve antibacterial (and potentially anticancer) properties. The nanocomposite hydrogel scaffolds can hold and deliver Lys steadily. Based on the in vitro results, the hydrogel nanocomposite containing Lys assured improved pre‐osteoblast cell (MC3T3‐E1) proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation, thanks to the biocompatibility of ADA‐GEL, bioactivity of Ce‐MSNs, and the stabilizing effect of Lys on the scaffold structure. On the other hand, the proliferation level of MG63 osteosarcoma cells decreased, likely due to the effect of Lys. Last but not least, cooperatively, alongside gentamicin (GEN), Lys brought about a proper antibacterial efficiency to the hydrogel nanocomposite scaffold against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria. Taken together, ADA‐GEL/Lys‐Ce‐MSN nanocomposite holds great promise for 3D printing of multifunctional hydrogel bone tissue engineering (BTE) scaffolds, able to induce bone regeneration, address infection, and potentially inhibit tumor formation and growth.
Photocurable Methacrylated Silk Fibroin/Hyaluronic Acid Dual Macrocrosslinker System Generating Extracellular Matrix‐Inspired Tough and Stretchable Hydrogels
Authors: Yetiskin Berkant , Tavsanli Burak , Okay Oguz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) containing interconnected proteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) is a vital component of a tissue. Its gel‐like physicochemical architecture is always a model for scientists studying in the fields of material science. Here, inspired from the ECM, soft hydrogels possessing an interconnected protein/GAG network are fabricated. This network comprises silk fibroin (SF) and hyaluronic acid (HA) as a protein and a GAG component, respectively. The interconnection of the SF and HA is performed by using both methacrylated SF (meth‐SF) and HA (meth‐HA), which behave as macrocroslinkers for a monomer forming a flexible polymer network between the meth‐SF and meth‐HA. Meth‐HA/meth‐SF hydrogels can be compressed and stretched up to 95% and 300%, respectively, with fracture stresses varying between kPa to MPa ranges. Furthermore, they have highly frequency‐dependent viscoelastic properties above a particular frequency, likewise seen in many cells and tissues. Mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels can be easily tuned by changing the methacrylation degree of the HA, and the concentration and the type of the monomer. It is believed that the meth‐HA/meth‐SF hydrogels prepared within the scope of this study will be good candidates for tissue engineering applications.
Compact millimeter‐wave 3‐D filtering antenna based on low temperature cofired ceramic substrate integrated waveguide
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Yang Lin‐An , Li Yang , Liu Siyu , Hao Yue 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, a low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) based compact millimeter‐wave (MMW) 3‐D substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filtering antenna was proposed. First, a band‐pass filter with two transmission zeros in the upper and lower sidebands was designed, with a fractional bandwidth of 2.03% at a center frequency of 98.1 GHz. The filtering antenna was developed and manufactured on this premise, by adopting an E‐shape patch antenna, achieving a superior frequency selection characteristic with a 1.63% impedance bandwidth and out‐of‐band gain dropped over 15 dB at 92.7 and 101.2 GHz, respectively. With a compact structure size of 2.4 × 1.6 × 0.5 mm3 (0.78 λ0 × 0.05 λ0 × 0.016 λ0), high gain and high selectivity were realized in the MMW band.
Disturbance rejection based fractional order PID controller for system performance improvement of hybrid power system
Authors: Fayaz Farhana , Lal Pahuja Gobind 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present paper introduces a disturbance‐rejection based fractional‐order proportional‐integral‐derivative (DR‐foPID) controller as optimal control strategy for performance enhancement of hybrid power system (HPS). The two‐area HPS is equipped with various generation sources in the form of solar–thermal‐system (STS), conventional thermal, wind‐turbine‐system (WTS) and geo‐thermal power plants establishing a coordinated system frequency and tie‐line power control. In addition, electric vehicles (EVs) are integrated with the HPS to check its effect on dynamic characteristics. The controller gains are optimized using an effective bio‐geography based krill herd (BBKH) optimization technique to achieve the required performance of the HPS. This study validates the efficacy of the BBKH adjusted DR‐foPID controller for efficient operation of system dynamic characteristics. The resilience of DR‐foPID controller gains is confirmed by a sensitivity test involving large fluctuations in system load variations from their nominal values. It is also demonstrated that EVs help to increase the performance of HPS. A study involving the power management capability of EVs for improving the system performance is also demonstrated. Moreover, the effect of redox flow battery as energy storage device for system dynamic control are also illustrated. At last, a DR‐foPID controller is tested in case study on three‐area HPS.