bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gravity Without Newton’s Gravitational Constant and No Knowledge of the Mass Size
Authors: Haug Espen Gaarder 
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we show that the Schwarzschild radius can be extracted easily from any gravitationally-linked phenomena without having knowledge of Newton’s gravitational constant or the mass size of the gravitational object. Further, the Schwarzschild radius can be used to predict a long series of gravity phenomena accurately, again without knowledge of Newton’s gravitational constant and also without knowledge of the size of the mass, although this may seem surprising at first. Hidden within the Schwarzschild radius are the more fundamental mass of the gravitational object, the Planck length, which we will assert contain the secret essence related to gravity, in addition to the speed of light (the speed of gravity). This seems to support that gravity is quantized, even at the cosmological scale, and this quantization is directly linked to the Planck units. This also supports our view that Newton’s gravitational constant is a universal composite constant of the form G = l2pc3/h , rather than relying on the Planck units as a function of G. This does not mean that Newton’s gravitational constant is not a universal constant, but rather that it is a composite universal constant, which depends on the Planck length, the speed of light, and the Planck constant. This is, to our knowledge, the first paper1 that shows how a long series of major gravity predictions and measurements can be completed without any knowledge of the mass size of the object, or Newton’s gravitational constant. At minimum, we think it provides an interesting new angle for evaluating existing theories of gravitation.
Capacity Building and Empowerment of Communities Through Development of Irrigation Schemes in Kenya
Authors: Wachira Anita W. , Karimi Lilian M. , Kabuti Vincent 
Published: November 2022

The goal of this study was to explore the effect of Irrigations Schemes Development (as rooted in; Vision 2030, Kenya Big Four Agenda, ASTGS and National Irrigation Authority Strategic Plan 2019-2023) on capacity building and empowerment of communities. Specifically, the study sought to access the effect of irrigation scheme development on; Education and Training, Clean Water and Sanitation, Youth Access to Funds, Housing Type, Food Security, Job Diversity, Access to Health Care Services, Changing Demand, Irrigation Orientation and Water Harvest. Descriptive design was used as a road map of the study. A sample size of 395 respondents was drawn from a target population of 35,041 households living around the irrigation scheme in Mara Region, Tharaka-Nithi County-Kenya, subjected to a 95% confidence level. Convenience sampling was adopted to drum up participants. Primary data was collected using interview method. A semi-structured interview guide with Likert scale rating was used as a checklist. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data. Study results indicated that Development of Irrigation Schemes contributed to capacity building and empowerment of Kenyan communities by; facilitating access to clean water and sanitation within homesteads (77%) enabling sufficient food and balanced diet throughout the year (197; 56%). Statistically, the study showed that infrastructure was significantly associated with capacity building (ρ=0.03). In addition, the irrigation scheme improved the lifestyle of the locals through access to health care services and comfortable housing. From the income earned from farming, out of 395, only 105 (30%) and 47 (12%) could afford to educate their families to secondary and tertiary level respectively. According to the study, an acre of irrigated land employees an average of eight people on a full-time basis. The study highlighted challenges in water storage and maintenance which can be addressed by involving Kenyan government agencies, County government agencies, the private sector and other stakeholders in the development and provision of sufficient water storage facilities. From the results finding there is need for comprehensive research within the irrigation scheme through agricultural research and development to address the concerns of the future effects of chemical use on the health of the locals. The study recommends that local authorities renew the engagement of agricultural extension workers. Additionally, to counter the bargaining power of middlemen, farmer welfare organizational structures should be operationalized.
The Death of Cryonics: Factors Related to Its Poor Uptake
Authors: Ahmad Ayesha , Dein Simon 
Published: November 2022

Cryonics is a technique for freezing dead bodies at very low temperatures in the hope they will be revived at some time in the future when medical technology becomes available. At present, there are no known revival methods; however, the role of innovation in medical practice leads certain individuals to hypothesize that death will be reversible in the future. While cryonics might resonate with certain questionable contemporary Western cultural themes of death denial and neoliberalism its uptake remains minuscule. Several reasons may be pertinent. First cryonics does not fit with existing western cultural views of death and medicine. Second, poor marketing, prohibitive cost, and the lack of involvement with the funerary industry may be significant factors impacting poor intake. Third, the cryonics discourse around ideas of ‘death’ constructs a barrier that prevents ‘outsiders’ from relating to the task of cryonicists. Fourth, the general public may have a poor understanding of this technology. Finally, there may be religious objections and cultural reductions due to the lack of ritual and thus no possibility of memorializing the dead, which impacts the human appeal of cryonics.
Validity of Interactive Learning Media Using Sparkol Videoscribe on Limits of Algebra Functions for Class XI IPS 1 SMAN 12 Padang
Authors: Miranty Novita Sari  , Sefna Rismen  , Lovia Lita 
Published: November 2022

The development of IT in the 21st century has become the main complement in every learning activity such as using learning media. Learning media is a tool that can help the learning process so that learning objectives are conveyed. This study aims to produce interactive learning media using Sparkol Videoscribe on valid algebraic function limits. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) research with a four-D (4-D) development model. The subjects in this study were students of class XI IPS 1 SMAN 12 Padang. The data collection technique used a validation sheet. The results of this study are: Validity of interactive learning media using Sparkol Videoscribe which is designed to be very valid with the percentage results obtained 95.99% with a very valid category. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the validity of interactive learning media using Sparkol Videoscribe is valid and feasible to use on the material limit of algebraic functions for class XI IPS 1 SMAN 12 Padang.
RENCANA PELAJARAN (LEER PLAN) 1947 DAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK DI BIDANG PENDIDIKAN PASCA KEMERDEKAAN 1945 “ 1950
Authors: Nasution Abd Haris 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kebijakan pendidikan di Indonesia pada masa awal kemerdekaan sebelum berlakunya Rencana Pelajaran 1947, bagaimana proses terbentuknya Rencana Pelajaran 1947 dan bagaimana implementasi Rencana Pelajaran 1947 sebagai kebijakan publik dibidang pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan Metode Heuristik. Untuk memperoleh data, peneliti melakukan studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan menganalisis literatur-literatur yang berkenaan dengan sejarah Pendidikan di Indonesia Era awal Kemerdekaan, serta studi arsip (archieve study) yaitu dengan mengumpulkan arsip-arsip tentang kebijakan pemerintah dibidang pendidikan tahun 1945-1950 dan Leer Plan 1947 di Gedung Arsip Nasional dan Pusat Kurikulum Nasional. Hasil penelitian ini antara lain; bahwa setiap kebijakan di bidang pendidikan yang diimplementasikan pada masa awal kemerdekaan tujuannya antara lain untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai Nasionalisme dan Patriotisme. Penanaman nilai-nilai tersebut dianggap urgent mengingat Indonesia pada saat itu merupakan bangsa yang baru merdeka, sehingga melalui pendidikan diharapkan mampu membangkitkan martabat bangsa Indonesia yang sebelumnya terjajah.
The Orthophotomap of Lublin 1944: from Luftwaffe photographs to map application – idea, methods, contemporary challenges of processing and publishing archival aerial photographs
Authors: Kuna Jakub 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The origins of aerial photography can be traced back to the second half of the 19th century, and periods of World Wars contributed to the development of techniques for developing and disseminating aerial photographs for military purposes. In the literature, we find descriptions of the Polish Military Geographical Institute’s (WIG) use of aerial photography to update topographic maps of nearly 40% of the country’s area at the time. Unfortunately, the fate of the pre-war collection of photographs is difficult to establish. Given this, the aerial photographs from the period of the Second World War (German and Allied) constitute the oldest possible complete and consistent photographic documentation of Poland. The series of German prints (373-GXPRINTS) collected at the National Archives and Records Administration in College Park (NARA, USA) are maintained according to the most liberal policy on access and further use. At the same time, the organisation of the NARA archive and the extent to which the collection has been digitised (over one million images) leave a deficiency, and searching for images requires knowledge, methods and experience.
In 2020–2021, the Department of Geomatics and Cartography of the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University implemented the project Development of the Ortophotomap of Lublin 1939–1945 (NCN, Miniatura 4.0. No. 2020/04/X/HS4/00382). The result of the project is a dedicated web portal https://ortolub.umcs.pl, consisting of a digital repository of aerial images, a map application and standardised GIS raster data services. The author believes this is a unique source base, with unprecedented detail. The publication of the project results under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA 4.0 licence is intended to foster the widest possible use of wartime aerial images in scientific research and popularisation activities.
The process of developing a historical orthophotomap, as presented in the article, is universal and can be repeated on any set of aerial photographs. At the same time, development work is needed to automate the operations as fully as possible. In conclusion, current challenges and prospects for the development of historical orthophotomaps of national coverage are indicated.
Is Home Advantage Diminished When Competing Without Spectators? Evidence From the Israeli Football and Basketball Leagues
Authors: Levental Orr , Hazut Tomer , Tenebaum Gershon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Sports spectators are one of the factors that affect home advantage. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic created unique conditions under which most of the leagues in the world played matches without crowds for over six months. This situation facilitated an analytical comparison of two different periods: before and during the coronavirus pandemic. The current study sought to examine home advantage in the Israeli sport domain in general, and specifically the impact of the absence of a crowd. The study consisted of 4,030 matches played in Israel’s top football and basketball leagues, of which 3,589 took place with crowds from August 2015 to March 2020, while the others were held without spectators from May 2020 to February 2021. Descriptive and analyses of variance procedures indicated a home advantage independent of crowd size, density, geographic region, league level, and type of sport. However, higher-quality teams demonstrated a higher home advantage ratio for the goals conceded. The findings of the study indicate that in the Israeli context, the crowd plays less of a role in home advantage than other potential factors.
Students’ Attitudes Toward Assessment in Physical Education
Authors: Evangelou Efstathia , Digelidis Nikolaos , Krommidas Charalampos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Despite the recent increase in attention on studies focusing on different types of assessment of student participation in physical education (PE), there is little research concerning students’ attitudes toward the PE assessment process. This study aimed to investigate students’ attitudes toward assessment procedures in PE by developing and validating a quantitative instrument concerning crucial areas of pedagogy such as curriculum, teachers, grading, and fitness tests. It further investigates important attitude determinants such as grade level and gender differences. The scale was distributed to 1,403 students in the 5th, 6th, 7th, and 10th grades. Principal components analysis showed an eigenvalue factor greater than 1, which accounted for 47% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded satisfactory indices that confirmed the unidimensional model with high internal consistency (α = .84). A two-way analysis of variance revealed a significant difference between the 7th and 10th grades. At the same time, students expressed a high level of positive attitudes toward the different aspects of assessment procedures. The study examined various aspects of students’ attitudes toward assessment and resulted in a reliable, valid, and easy-to-use quantitative instrument that can be used by educators and researchers to assess students’ attitudes toward assessment in PE.
The Legacy of an Accommodative Secularism: Religions and Taiwan’s Responses to COVID-19
Authors: Laliberté André 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThroughout the two years of this pandemic, Taiwanese public authorities have obtained cooperation from religious organisations in limiting and mitigating the contagion, and the population was largely spared the influence of conspiracy theories about the virus’ origins. I have found no trace of any significant doomsday theologies among the major religions practiced in Taiwan emerging in the public health emergency caused by COVID-19. What explains this largely cooperative relationship? From the perspective of public policy, why has the government obtained the compliance of most religious actors to its directive and faced little or no opposition coming from them? I use a historical institutionalist approach to argue that decades of toleration from political leaders of all trends towards religions have generated a path dependency of mutual trust and that legacy predates the period of democratisation. The article explores the extent to which this outcome results from three factors: Taiwan’s religious diversity, or the absence of a religious hegemony opposed to the state; pragmatic and flexible theologies; and/or convergence between successive Taiwanese governments’ social policies and the social teachings of religions.
Accounting Discretion, Loan Loss Provision in Financial Distress: Evidence from Commercial Banks
Authors: Malik Amina , Din Shahab Ud , Shafi Khuram , Butt Babar Zaheer , Aziz Haroon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study explores the association between earning management practices and financial distress in commercial banks. Earning management is measured through discretionary loan loss provisions and non-discretionary loan loss provisions. Modified Altman’s Z-score has been used as a proxy for financial distress. Panel regression with fixed and random effect has been employed for empirical analysis. The study finds a significant positive association between DLLP, NDLLP and financial distress in terms of the Altman Z-score. In the case of NDLLP, liquidity reduces the probability of financial distress. Whereas, a bank’s SIZE, LEVG and AQ enhance the likelihood of financial distress. The robustness tests were applied to find the association between NDLLP and FD using logistic regression to validate baseline estimates results of the random effect model. The findings of this study have implications for the policymakers, regulators and internal stakeholders to devise effective regulatory measures for well-informed investment decisions.
Relationship between Cultural Origin of Multinational Companies and Employing Expatriates in Foreign Subsidiaries in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Fehér János , Kollár Péter , Szobi Ádám , Urbán Anna , Jarjabka Ákos , Poór József 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the present study, we examine the question of whether the cultural characteristics of the country of the parent company are related to the posting practices of the parent company. According to our hypothesis, the management culture of the sending (parent) company influences the employment of foreign expats in local subsidiaries. In this research we use interviews and multivariate statistical analysis of survey data from five CEE countries, an important but relatively less examined region for global HR mobility. We found a significant relationship between cultural differences and expatriate assignment practices of MNCs. However, based on the strength of the relationship, we can conclude that in addition to management culture, other influencing factors typically influence posting decisions. Our results support Hofstede’s suggestion about the cultural dependence of management methods from a specific, management of expatriates, perspective.
Modelling CESEE Countries Export Dynamics: Global Vector Autoregressive Approach
Authors: Jakšić Saša 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
One of the main aspects of the transition process in Central, Eastern and Southeastern European (CESEE) countries was the trade liberalisation. As their financial systems are still underdeveloped and the trade channel is the dominant shock transmitter, this paper focuses on export dynamics for a selected set of CESEE countries. The employed methodology, Global Vector Autoregressive (GVAR) approach, allows modelling interactions and spillovers among countries. Furthermore, it enables joint modelling of exports and imports. This is of particular importance as the opening of new markets enabled astonishing export growth, but also opened the CESEE markets to foreign products. The empirical analysis reveals that a shock in German imports has a larger impact on CESEE countries’ exports than a shock in German output. Moreover, the results indicate that the role of the real exchange rate is less pronounced in comparison to previous similar research.
Reinforcing Effect of Terrorism and Corruption Nexus on Net Migration from Developing Countries: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Nusrat Mahnoor , Yasmin Bushra 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The study intends to investigate the direct and indirect effect of terrorism and corruption on net migration for thirty-eight developing countries, along with other macroeconomic determinants like per capita GDP, globalization, inflation and institutional quality for the time period 1985-2015. Based on the Fixed and Random Effects models, findings show that terrorism and GDP per capita has negative while globalization has positively significant effect on the net migration in selected developing countries. The corruption and terrorism appeared to reinforcing each other in stimulating migration. Particularly, terrorism seeks its ways through corrupt financial activities which distorts the labor market and ultimately results in relatively large out-migration. The study suggests implementation of stiff anti-terrorism policies to improve domestic environment along with promoting globalization in such a way which can offer positive effect of out-migration on the domestic economy in the long run. And that is expected to take place at the onset of return migration of labor with enhanced skills and capabilities.
Developing a Hierarchical Model for the Drivers of Digital Banking – an Interpretive Structural Modelling Approach
Authors: Albugami Moteb Ayesh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In its resolve for digital banking, the researchers have developed various models like TAM, UTAUT 1 and UTAUT 2 which aim to identify the key drivers of digital banking. This study primarily intends to comprehend the significance of different drivers of digital banking by developing a hierarchical model of key drivers of digital banking. The hierarchical model is done using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM. The study comprises of the drivers that could be directly impacting the adoption of digital banking. These constructs have been categorized and mapped using driving power-dependence diagram.
Macroeconomic Shocks and Employment in sub-Sharan Africa: Do Labour Market Institutions Matter?
Authors: Adegboye Abidemi C. , Alao-Owunna Ifeoluwa , Bank-Ola Folake R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The effects of macroeconomic shocks and labour market institutions on employment in sub-Saharan African countries are examined in this study. Using a sample of 27 SSA countries for the period 2007 to 2018, both linear and interactive relationships are investigated. The results show that labour market institutions (especially in terms of wage flexibility) dampen the effects of shocks on modern employment but amplify the effects of shocks on informal employment in the sampled SSA countries. There is also evidence that shocks themselves (especially those emanating from the external sector) do not matter for a huge proportion of employment changes in SSA countries. Rather, the direct effects of shocks on employment are more profound in the formal sector. The study therefore concludes that reforming the informal sector will help to ensure the effectiveness of labour market institutions in mitigating the negative impacts of external shocks on employment in SSA.
Connection between State Funding and International Sporting Success: The Case of Croatia
Authors: Škorić Sanela , Obadić Evica 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to determine the types and intensity of connection between the amount of state funding for various programmes in sport invested by Croatian Olympic Committee from 2001 until 2016 and international sporting success of Croatian athletes. A connection between 12 independent variables (funds invested in 33 summer Olympic sports (24 individual and 9 team sports) broken down in 8 specific programmes, as well as the number of athletes and coaches in different programmes) and international sporting success was tested using regression analysis. The results show statistically significant logarithm connection between success and total funds invested (ACR=0.160,R2=0.319, p=0.001). Additionally, three variables showed linear, eight logarithm and one quadratic type of connection. Applying different regression models contributes to better understanding of connection between the amount and direction of investments in high performance sport and result of those investments in the form of achieved international sporting success.