bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis B and C virus infections and the risk of biliary tract cancers: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Wang Yizhou , Yuan Ye , Gu Dongqing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are important risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, their effect on other hepatobiliary cancers, such as biliary tract cancers (BTCs), is not well established. We aimed to investigate associations between HBV or HCV infection and BTCs risk by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods
We searched PubMed to identify all relevant articles published before June 9, 2021. Meta-analysis was performed to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The meta-analysis was evaluated by heterogeneity testing, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias assessment.

Results
In total, 48 articles involving 69,723 cases and 4,047,574 controls were obtained to calculate the associations between HBV or HCV infection and the risk of BTCs. We found that both HBV and HCV infections were associated with the risk of BTCs, with pooled ORs of 2.16 (95% CI 1.73–2.69) and 2.12 (95% CI 1.62–2.77), respectively. Subgroup analyses by ethnicity suggested that HBV infection could increase the risk of BTCs in both Asian (OR = 2.29, 95% CI 1.76–2.97) and Caucasian (OR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.18–2.75) populations. In addition, HCV infection resulted in a higher increased risk of BTCs in Caucasian populations than in Asian populations (OR = 3.93 vs. 1.51, P = 0.014). In particular, significantly increased risks of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) were identified in individuals with HBV (OR = 3.96, 95% CI 3.05–5.15) or HCV infection (OR = 2.90, 95% CI 2.07–4.08).

Conclusions
This study suggests that both HBV and HCV infections are risk factors for BTCs, particularly ICC, highlighting the necessity of cancer screening for BTCs in patients with either HBV or HCV infection.
Connecting telomere maintenance and regulation to the developmental origin and differentiation states of neuroblastoma tumor cells
Authors: Yu Eun Young , Cheung Nai-Kong V. , Lue Neal F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA cardinal feature that distinguishes clinically high-risk neuroblastoma from low-risk tumors is telomere maintenance. Specifically, neuroblastoma tumors with either active telomerase or alternative lengthening of telomeres exhibit aggressive growth characteristics that lead to poor outcomes, whereas tumors without telomere maintenance can be managed with observation or minimal treatment. Even though the need for cancer cells to maintain telomere DNA—in order to sustain cell proliferation—is well established, recent studies suggest that the neural crest origin of neuroblastoma may enforce unique relationships between telomeres and tumor malignancy. Specifically in neuroblastoma, telomere structure and telomerase activity are correlated with the adrenergic/mesenchymal differentiation states, and manipulating telomerase activity can trigger tumor cell differentiation. Both findings may reflect features of normal neural crest development. This review summarizes recent advances in the characterization of telomere structure and telomere maintenance mechanisms in neuroblastoma and discusses the findings in the context of relevant literature on telomeres during embryonic and neural development. Understanding the canonical and non-canonical roles of telomere maintenance in neuroblastoma could reveal vulnerabilities for telomere-directed therapies with potential applications to other pediatric malignancies.
Posttranslational control of lipogenesis in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Zhu Yahui , Lin Xingrong , Zhou Xiaojun , Prochownik Edward V. , Wang Fubing , Li Youjun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMetabolic reprogramming of cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment typically occurs in response to increased nutritional, translation and proliferative demands. Altered lipid metabolism is a marker of tumor progression that is frequently observed in aggressive tumors with poor prognosis. Underlying these abnormal metabolic behaviors are posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of lipid metabolism-related enzymes and other factors that can impact their activity and/or subcellular localization. This review focuses on the roles of these PTMs and specifically on how they permit the re-wiring of cancer lipid metabolism, particularly within the context of the tumor microenvironment.
Inhibition of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthesis by down-regulation of MGD1 leads to membrane lipid remodeling and enhanced triacylglycerol biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Lee Jun-Woo , Lee Min-Woo , Jin Chun-Zhi , Oh Hee-Mock , Jin EonSeon , Lee Hyung-Gwan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Membrane lipid remodeling involves regulating the physiochemical modification of cellular membranes against abiotic stress or senescence, and it could be a trigger to increase neutral lipid content. In algae and higher plants, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) constitutes the highest proportion of total membrane lipids and is highly reduced as part of the membrane lipid remodeling response under several abiotic stresses. However, genetic regulation of MGDG synthesis and its influence on lipid synthesis has not been studied in microalgae. For development of an industrial microalgae strain showing high accumulation of triacylglycerol (TAG) by promoting membrane lipid remodeling, MGDG synthase 1 (MGD1) down-regulated mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Cr-mgd1) was generated and evaluated for its suitability for biodiesel feedstock.

Results
The Cr-mgd1 showed a 65% decrease in CrMGD1 gene expression level, 22% reduction in MGDG content, and 1.39 and 5.40 times increase in diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserines (DGTS) and TAG, respectively. The expression levels of most genes related to the decomposition of MGDG (plastid galactoglycerolipid degradation1) and TAG metabolism (diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase1, phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase, and major lipid droplet protein) were increased. The imbalance of DGDG/MGDG ratio in Cr-mgd1 caused reduced photosynthetic electron transport, resulting in less light energy utilization and increased reactive oxygen species levels. In addition, endoplasmic reticulum stress was induced by increased DGTS levels. Thus, accelerated TAG accumulation in Cr-mgd1 was stimulated by increased cellular stress as well as lipid remodeling. Under high light (HL) intensity (400 µmol photons/m2/s), TAG productivity in Cr-mgd1–HL (1.99 mg/L/d) was 2.71 times higher than that in wild type (WT–HL). Moreover, under both nitrogen starvation and high light intensity, the lipid (124.55 mg/L/d), TAG (20.03 mg/L/d), and maximum neutral lipid (56.13 mg/L/d) productivity were the highest.

Conclusions
By inducing lipid remodeling through the mgd1 gene expression regulation, the mutant not only showed high neutral lipid content but also reached the maximum neutral lipid productivity through cultivation under high light and nitrogen starvation conditions, thereby possessing improved biomass properties that are the most suitable for high quality biodiesel production. Thus, this mutant may help understand the role of MGD1 in lipid synthesis in Chlamydomonas and may be used to produce high amounts of TAG.
A literature review of dispersal pathways of Aedes albopictus across different spatial scales: implications for vector surveillance
Authors: Swan Tom , Russell Tanya L. , Staunton Kyran M. , Field Matt A. , Ritchie Scott A. , Burkot Thomas R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAedes albopictusis a highly invasive species and an important vector of dengue and chikungunya viruses. Indigenous to Southeast Asia,Ae. albopictushas successfully invaded every inhabited continent, except Antarctica, in the past 80 years. Vector surveillance and control at points of entry (PoE) is the most critical front line of defence against the introduction ofAe. albopictusto new areas. Identifying the pathways by whichAe. albopictusare introduced is the key to implementing effective vector surveillance to rapidly detect introductions and to eliminate them.MethodsA literature review was conducted to identify studies and data sources reporting the known and suspected dispersal pathways of human-mediatedAe. albopictusdispersal between 1940–2020. Studies and data sources reporting the first introduction ofAe. albopictusin a new country were selected for data extraction and analyses.ResultsBetween 1940–2020,Ae. albopictuswas reported via various dispersal pathways into 86 new countries. Two main dispersal pathways were identified: (1) at global and continental spatial scales, maritime sea transport was the main dispersal pathway forAe. albopictusinto new countries in the middle to late 20th Century, with ships carrying used tyres of particular importance during the 1980s and 1990s, and (2) at continental and national spatial scales, the passive transportation ofAe. albopictusin ground vehicles and to a lesser extent the trade of used tyres and maritime sea transport appear to be the major drivers ofAe. albopictusdispersal into new countries, especially in Europe. Finally, the dispersal pathways for the introduction and spread ofAe. albopictusin numerous countries remains unknown, especially from the 1990s onwards.ConclusionsThis review identified the main known and suspected dispersal pathways of human-mediatedAe. albopictusdispersal leading to the first introduction ofAe. albopictusinto new countries and highlighted gaps in our understanding ofAe. albopictusdispersal pathways. Relevant advances in vector surveillance and genomic tracking techniques are presented and discussed in the context of improving vector surveillance.Graphical Abstract
Epigenetic tumor heterogeneity in the era of single-cell profiling with nanopore sequencing
Authors: Ahmed Yohannis Wondwosen , Alemu Berhan Ababaw , Bekele Sisay Addisu , Gizaw Solomon Tebeje , Zerihun Muluken Fekadie , Wabalo Endriyas Kelta , Teklemariam Maria Degef , Mihrete Tsehayneh Kelemu , Hanurry Endris Yibru , Amogne Tensae Gebru , Gebrehiwot Assaye Desalegne , Berga Tamirat Nida , Haile Ebsitu Abate , Edo Dessiet Oma , Alemu Bizuwork Derebew 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNanopore sequencing has brought the technology to the next generation in the science of sequencing. This is achieved through research advancing on: pore efficiency, creating mechanisms to control DNA translocation, enhancing signal-to-noise ratio, and expanding to long-read ranges. Heterogeneity regarding epigenetics would be broad as mutations in the epigenome are sensitive to cause new challenges in cancer research. Epigenetic enzymes which catalyze DNA methylation and histone modification are dysregulated in cancer cells and cause numerous heterogeneous clones to evolve. Detection of this heterogeneity in these clones plays an indispensable role in the treatment of various cancer types. With single-cell profiling, the nanopore sequencing technology could provide a simple sequence at long reads and is expected to be used soon at the bedside or doctor’s office. Here, we review the advancements of nanopore sequencing and its use in the detection of epigenetic heterogeneity in cancer.
Early life sleep disruption potentiates lasting sex-specific changes in behavior in genetically vulnerable Shank3 heterozygous autism model mice
Authors: Lord Julia S. , Gay Sean M. , Harper Kathryn M. , Nikolova Viktoriya D. , Smith Kirsten M. , Moy Sheryl S. , Diering Graham H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience high rates of sleep disruption beginning early in life; however, the developmental consequences of this disruption are not understood. We examined sleep behavior and the consequences of sleep disruption in developing mice bearing C-terminal truncation mutation in the high-confidence ASD risk gene SHANK3 (Shank3ΔC). We hypothesized that sleep disruption may be an early sign of developmental divergence, and that clinically relevant Shank3WT/ΔC mice may be at increased risk of lasting deleterious outcomes following early life sleep disruption.

Methods
We recorded sleep behavior in developing Shank3ΔC/ΔC, Shank3WT/ΔC, and wild-type siblings of both sexes using a noninvasive home-cage monitoring system. Separately, litters of Shank3WT/ΔC and wild-type littermates were exposed to automated mechanical sleep disruption for 7 days prior to weaning (early life sleep disruption: ELSD) or post-adolescence (PASD) or undisturbed control (CON) conditions. All groups underwent standard behavioral testing as adults.

Results
Male and female Shank3ΔC/ΔC mice slept significantly less than wild-type and Shank3WT/ΔC siblings shortly after weaning, with increasing sleep fragmentation in adolescence, indicating that sleep disruption has a developmental onset in this ASD model. ELSD treatment interacted with genetic vulnerability in Shank3WT/ΔC mice, resulting in lasting, sex-specific changes in behavior, whereas wild-type siblings were largely resilient to these effects. Male ELSD Shank3WT/ΔC subjects demonstrated significant changes in sociability, sensory processing, and locomotion, while female ELSD Shank3WT/ΔC subjects had a significant reduction in risk aversion. CON Shank3WT/ΔC mice, PASD mice, and all wild-type mice demonstrated typical behavioral responses in most tests.

Limitations
This study tested the interaction between developmental sleep disruption and genetic vulnerability using a single ASD mouse model: Shank3ΔC (deletion of exon 21). The broader implications of this work should be supported by additional studies using ASD model mice with distinct genetic vulnerabilities.

Conclusion
Our study shows that sleep disruption during sensitive periods of early life interacts with underlying genetic vulnerability to drive lasting and sex-specific changes in behavior. As individuals progress through maturation, they gain resilience to the lasting effects of sleep disruption. This work highlights developmental sleep disruption as an important vulnerability in ASD susceptibility.
Use of dexmedetomidine in patients with sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Ting , Mei Qimin , Dai Shabai , Liu Yecheng , Zhu Huadong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Dexmedetomidine is widely used in patients with sepsis. However, its effect on septic patients remains controversial. The objective of this study was to summarize all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining dexmedetomidine use in sepsis patients.

Methods
This systematic review and meta-analysis included RCTs comparing dexmedetomidine with other sedatives in adult sepsis patients. We generated pooled relative risks (RRs) and standardized mean differences and performed trial sequential analysis and a cumulative meta-analysis. The primary outcome was mortality, and the secondary outcomes were the length of the intensive care unit stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, number of ventilation-free days, incidence of total adverse event, incidence of delirium, and levels of interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and alanine aminotransferase.

Results
We included 19 RCTs that enrolled 1929 patients. Compared with other sedatives, dexmedetomidine decreased the all-cause mortality (RR 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.69, 0.99]) and inflammatory response (interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels at 24 h: standardized mean difference (SMD) − 2.15; 95% CI [− 3.25, − 1.05] and SMD − 1.07, 95% CI [− 1.92, − 0.22], respectively). Trial sequential analysis showed that it is not up to required information size. The overall risk adverse events was similar between dexmedetomidine and the other sedatives (RR 1.27, 95% CI [0.69, 2.36]), but dexmedetomidine increased the risk of arrhythmias (RR 1.43, 95% CI [0.59, 3.51]). Length of intensive care unit stay (SMD − 0.22; 95% CI [− 0.85, − 0.41]), duration of mechanical ventilation (SMD 0.12; 95% CI [− 1.10, 1.35]), incidence of delirium (RR 0.98; 95% CI [0.72, 1.33]), and levels of alanine aminotransferase and creatinine at 24 h were not significantly reduced.

Conclusions
Dexmedetomidine in sepsis patients could significantly reduce mortality compared with benzodiazepines but not with propofol. In addition, dexmedetomidine can significantly decrease inflammatory response in patients with sepsis compared with other sedatives. Dexmedetomidine might lead to an increased incidence of arrhythmias, but its safety profile did not show significant differences in the incidence of total adverse events. Future RCTs are needed to determine the sepsis patient population that would benefit most from dexmedetomidine and its optimal dosing regimen.
The role of Sirtuin 1 in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Wu Mali , Zhang Jie , Gu Ran , Dai Fangfang , Yang Dongyong , Zheng Yajing , Tan Wei , Jia Yifan , Li Bingshu , Cheng Yanxiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPolycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common multifactor heterogeneous endocrine and metabolic disease in women of childbearing age. PCOS is a group of clinical syndromes characterized by reproductive disorders, metabolic disorders, and mental health problems that seriously impact the physical and mental health of patients. At present, new studies suggest that human evolution leads to the body changes and the surrounding environment mismatch adaptation, but the understanding of the disease is still insufficient, the pathogenesis is still unclear. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a member of the Sirtuin family, is expressed in various cells and plays a crucial role in cell energy conversion and physiological metabolism. Pathophysiological processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis, autophagy, metabolism, inflammation, antioxidant stress and insulin resistance play a crucial role. Moreover, SIRT1 participates in the pathophysiological processes of oxidative stress, autophagy, ovulation disturbance and insulin resistance, which may be a vital link in the occurrence of PCOS. Hence, the study of the role of SIRT1 in the pathogenesis of PCOS and related complications will contribute to a more thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of PCOS and supply a basis for the treatment of patients.
Psychometric properties of the cultural mix coping inventory for stressful situations using physical education teachers: a multidimensional item response theory analysis
Authors: Quansah Frank , Hagan John Elvis , Frimpong James Boadu , Srem-Sai Medina , Agormedah Edmond Kwesi , Ankomah Francis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe incidence of the COVID-19 pandemic heightened the levels of stress of not only students but for teachers, particularly physical education (PE) teachers. The reference to PE teachers is due to their role in engaging students in practical in-person lessons after the resumption of school. Previous literature has revealed that PE teachers exhibit significantly increased levels of anxiety, fear, tension and uncertainty that they could contract the virus during these lessons. Given this scenario, there is a growing need for identifying a suitable coping scale which can accurately measure coping strategies employed these teachers. This research assessed the psychometric properties of the 16-item coping inventory using a multidimensional item response theory approach. The study surveyed 484 PE teachers through the convenience sampling technique, after which the cultural mix coping instrument was administered to them. The findings of this study confirmed the 4-factor structure of the coping measure which is consistent with the original measure. Results further revealed that a modified 14-item compared to the original 16-item coping inventory was optimal in measuring coping strategies among PE teachers. The study concluded that the 14-item cultural mix coping inventory was appropriate, applicable and reproducible to the PE teachers’ population.
Ternary MXene-loaded PLCL/collagen nanofibrous scaffolds that promote spontaneous osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Lee Seok Hyun , Jeon Sangheon , Qu Xiaoxiao , Kang Moon Sung , Lee Jong Ho , Han Dong-Wook , Hong Suck Won 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConventional bioinert bone grafts often have led to failure in osseointegration due to low bioactivity, thus much effort has been made up to date to find alternatives. Recently, MXene nanoparticles (NPs) have shown prominent results as a rising material by possessing an osteogenic potential to facilitate the bioactivity of bone grafts or scaffolds, which can be attributed to the unique repeating atomic structure of two carbon layers existing between three titanium layers. In this study, we produced MXene NPs-integrated the ternary nanofibrous matrices of poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone, PLCL) and collagen (Col) decorated with MXene NPs (i.e., PLCL/Col/MXene), as novel scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, via electrospinning to explore the potential benefits for the spontaneous osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. The cultured cells on the physicochemical properties of the nanofibrous PLCL/Col/MXene-based materials revealed favorable interactions with the supportive matrices, highly suitable for the growth and survival of preosteoblasts. Furthermore, the combinatorial ternary material system of the PLCL/Col/MXene nanofibers obviously promoted spontaneous osteodifferentiation with positive cellular responses by providing effective microenvironments for osteogenesis. Therefore, our results suggest that the unprecedented biofunctional advantages of the MXene-integrated PLCL/Col nanofibrous matrices can be expanded to a wide range of strategies for the development of effective scaffolds in bone tissue regeneration.
Graphical Abstract
Characterization of pH-responsive high molecular-weight chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel prepared by gamma irradiation for localizing drug release
Authors: Tran Vo Tu Minh , Piroonpan Thananchai , Preuksarattanawut Charasphat , Kobayashi Takaomi , Potiyaraj Pranut 
Published: August 2022

AbstractpH-sensitive hydrogels prepared by gamma irradiation find promising biological applications, partially, in the field of localized drug liberation. Herein, optimal conditions for fabricating high-molecular-weight chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol hybrid hydrogels using gamma irradiation at 10, 25, and 30 kGy were investigated by studying the water uptake behavior, the pore size on the surface, and thermal stability. Furthermore, the crosslinking mechanism of irradiated hydrogels was examined via solid-state 13C NMR spectrum. The swelling ratio of the gamma-irradiated CS/PVA hydrogel was pH-dependent; particularly, the hybrid hydrogel exhibited high swelling ratios under acidic conditions than those under basic conditions due to the protonation of amino groups on CS-backbone in acidic environments. In addition, amoxicillin was used as a model drug in the in vitro drug release investigations in pH-simulated gastric fluid and deionized water at 37 °C. To identify the drug release mechanism, several kinetic models composing zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, Hixson–Crowell, and Korsmeyer–Peppas models were used. The findings suggested that drug release is mediated by a non-Fickian transport mechanism.
Graphical Abstract