bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between parental socioeconomic‐, family‐, and sibling status and risk of eating disorders in offspring in a Danish national female cohort
Authors: Koch Susanne Vinkel , Larsen Janne Tidselbak , Plessen Kerstin J. , Thornton Laura M. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Petersen Liselotte Vogdrup 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveStudies on parental socioeconomic status (SES) and family risk factors for eating disorders (EDs) have yielded inconsistent results; however, several studies have identified high parental educational attainment as a risk factor. The aim was to evaluate associations of parental SES and family composition with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS) in the offspring, adjusting for parental age and parental mental health.MethodsThe cohort included women born in Denmark between January 1, 1989 and December 31, 2010, derived from Danish national registers. Each person was followed from their sixth birthday until onset of the disorder of interest or to December 31, 2016. Exposure variables were: childhood SES, defined as individually evaluated parental level of income, occupation, and education; sibling status; and family composition. Outcomes were: AN, BN, EDNOS, and major depressive disorder (MDD), included as a psychiatric comparison disorder. Risks were estimated using Cox proportional hazards.ResultsHigh parental SES was associated with increased risk of especially AN, and less so BN and EDNOS, in offspring. In comparison, low SES was associated with a higher risk of MDD. No differences between maternal or paternal socioeconomic risk factors were found. Family composition and sibling status showed limited influence on ED risk.DiscussionSES shows opposite associations with AN than MDD, whereas associations with BN and EDNOS are intermediate. The socioeconomic backdrop of AN differs markedly from that reported in other psychiatric disorders. Whether that is due to genetic and/or environmental factors remains unknown.Public Significance statementParental socioeconomic background (SES) may influence eating disorders risk in offspring somewhat differently than other psychiatric disorders. In Denmark, higher parental SES was associated with increased risk of, particularly, anorexia nervosa (AN). Importantly AN does strike across the SES spectrum. We must ensure that individuals of all backgrounds have equal access to care and are equally likely to be detected and treated appropriately for eating disorders.
Myocardial infarction with non‐obstructive disease and anomalous coronary origin: look for the common in the uncommon
Authors: Disabato Gindomenico , Camporeale Antonia , Lo Rito Mauro , Tondi Lara , Zuniga Olaya Karina Geraldina , Frigiola Alessandro , Agnifili Mauro Luca , Bedogni Francesco , Lombardi Massimo , Pica Silvia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractManagement of congenital coronary artery anomalies (CAA) is not standardized due to the variety of conditions included and their rare prevalence. Detection of CAA during myocardial infarction with non‐obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) may induce clinicians to address the patient for surgery as CAA is not included in any algorithm1,2 for the management of MINOCA and American Association for Thoracic Surgery evidence‐based guidelines suggest surgical repair for patients with anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery and symptoms compatible with myocardial ischaemia.3 We present the case of a 35‐year‐old man with an anomalous origin of left coronary artery from right Valsalva sinus with pre‐pulmonic course detected during urgent coronary angiography for suspected myocardial infarction. Stress cardiac magnetic resonance did not show signs of ischaemia at high‐dose dobutamine but did reveal a recent myocarditis. This clinical case highlights the need for accurate risk stratification in CAA especially when confounding clinical scenarios co‐exist.
Metal‐Free Direct Transformation of Aryl Boronic Acid to Primary Amines
Authors: Kumar Puneet , Verma Saumya , Rathi Komal , Chandra Dinesh , Prakash Verma Ved , Jat Jawahar L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, we report a transition‐metal free approach for the construction of primary aromatic amines from aryl boronic acids and esters with N‐Boc‐O‐tosylhydroxylamine as an amine surrogate. Bench stable TsONHBoc is easy to use and it produces a non‐interfering water‐soluble by‐product. The protocol is operative for both electron‐rich and electron‐deficient aryl boronic acids under acidic conditions, where the former arenes affords a better yield of the desired product. Even, sterically hindered and halogenated substrates are easily amenable under this reaction condition. The current protocol can be scaled up to produce gram‐scale primary aromatic amines.
Direct One‐Pot Construction of Diaryl Thioethers and 1,3‐Diynes through a Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Reaction of λ3‐Iodanes with Thiophenols
Authors: Li Jun , Zhou Chuang , Liang Hong , Guo Xiao‐Qiang , Chen Lian‐Mei , Kang Tai‐Ran 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHerein, an efficient method for both aryl C(sp2)−S and C(sp)−C(sp) bond formation to construct both diaryl thioethers and 1,3‐diynes in excellent yield from spirocyclic λ3‐iodanes and benzenethiols under copper(I) catalysed conditions, has been developed. We proposed that a Ullmann reaction of benzenethiols with aryl iodonium intermediates form the diaryl thioethers, and a homocoupling of alkyne radical provided the 1,3‐diynes. This reaction takes fully advantage of the “waste” part of substrates.
Prediction of pain responses to subsequent cold pressor test via baseline heart rate variability in healthy adults
Authors: Umeda Masataka , Okifuji Akiko 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundBaseline heart rate variability (HRV) that reflects parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity may serve as an objective, physiological index of pain assessment, but more research is warranted to examine the link between HRV and laboratory pain responses. This study examined whether baseline HRV would predict pain responses to subsequent cold pressor test (CPT) in healthy adults.MethodsOne hundred twenty‐three participants completed resting HRV assessment and CPT consisting of immersing their right hand into a cold‐water bath for a maximum of 2 min. Pain threshold and pain rating were assessed during CPT. Completion status of CPT, defined as completing CPT or terminating CPT before 2 min, was recorded as an additional laboratory pain measure. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to examine the link between HRV and pain responses, whereas regression analysis was performed to test the prediction of pain responses via baseline HRV.ResultsHF‐HRVlog, which reflects PNS activity, was significantly associated with the CPT completion status (r = 0.23, p = 0.01), but not significantly associated with pain threshold (r = 0.17, p = 0.06) or pain rating (r = −0.11, p = 0.24). HF‐ HRVlog was found to be a significant predictor of CPT completion status (B = 0.53, p = 0.013).ConclusionsBaseline HF‐ HRVlog may serve as an objective, physiological index to predict laboratory pain responses, and the completion status of laboratory pain tests, such as CPT, may be used as a laboratory pain measure to capture important individual differences in pain processing.SignificanceA better understanding of how psychophysiology relates to human pain is important. We examined the association of baseline heart rate variability (HRV) with pain response to subsequently‐administered cold pressor test (CPT) in healthy adults. We found that HF‐HRVlog, which reflects parasympathetic nervous system activity, predicted the completion status (completion or termination) of CPT. Baseline HF‐HRVlog may serve as an objective, physiological index of pain and the completion status of CPT may help assess the important individual differences in pain processing.
Altered excitatory and inhibitory neocortical circuitry leads to increased convulsive severity after pentylenetetrazol injection in an animal model of schizencephaly, but not of microgyria
Authors: dos Santos Heringer Luiza , Rios Carvalho Julia , Teixeira Oliveira Julia , Texeira Silva Bruna , de Souza Aguiar dos Santos Domethila Mariano , Martinez Martinez Toledo Anna Lecticia , Borges Savoldi Laura Maria , Magalhães Portela Debora , Adriani Marques Suelen , Campello Costa Lopes Paula , Blanco Martinez Ana Maria , Rocha Mendonça Henrique 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveMalformations of the polymicrogyria spectrum can be mimicked in rodents through neonatal transcranial focal cortical freeze lesions. The animals presenting the malformations present both altered synaptic events and epileptiform activity in the vicinity of the microgyrus, but the comprehension of their contribution to increased predisposition or severity of seizures require further studies.MethodsIn order to investigate these issues, we induced both microgyria and schizencephaly in 57 mice and evaluated: their convulsive susceptibility and severity after pentyleneterazol (PTZ) treatment, the quantification of their symmetric and asymmetric synapses, the morphology of their dendritic arbors, and the content of modulators of synaptogenesis, such as SPARC, gephyrin and GAP‐43 within the adjacent visual cortex.ResultsOur results have shown that only schizencephalic animals present increased convulsive severity. Nevertheless, both microgyric and schizencephalic cortices present increased synapse number and dendritic complexity of layer IV and layer V‐located neurons. Specifically, the microgyric cortex presented reduced inhibitory synapses, while the schizencephalic cortex presented increased excitatory synapses. This altered synapse number is correlated with decreased content of both the anti‐synaptogenic factor SPARC and the inhibitory postsynaptic organizer gephyrin in both malformed groups. Besides, GAP‐43 content and dendritic spines number are enhanced exclusively in schizencephalic cortices.SignificanceIn conclusion, our study supports the hypothesis that the sum of synaptic alterations drives to convulsive aggravation in animals with schizencephaly, but not microgyria after PTZ treatment. These findings reveal that different malformations of cortical development should trigger epilepsy via different mechanisms, requiring further studies for development of specific therapeutic interventions.
Case series of family‐based treatment for restrictive‐type eating disorders and comorbid autism: What can we learn? A brief report
Authors: Bentz Mette , Pedersen Signe Holm , Moslet Ulla 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveAutism is more prevalent among persons with Restrictive type eating disorders (R‐ED) compared to the general population and is associated with poorer outcomes across treatment modalities. Knowledge is sparse with regard to whether poorer outcomes are also associated with Family‐based treatment (FBT), which is recommended as the first choice of treatment for young persons (YPs) with R‐ED.This case series compares outcome between groups with and without autism in a large consecutive series of YPs with R‐ED treated with FBT.MethodIn an earlier described consecutive series of 157 YPs with R‐ED treated with FBT, we compared the outcomes of the subgroup with (N = 16) and without (N = 141) comorbid autism. Primary ICD‐10 diagnoses were typical (50.0) or atypical anorexia nervosa (AN) (F50.1), the latter implying a condition as typical AN but with a failure to meet one of the diagnostic criteria. Autism diagnoses were clinically assigned. The outcomes were receiving intensified care, weight normalisation and overall successful treatment.Results10.2% (N = 16) of the sample had autism. 2.5% (N = 4) had autism diagnosed prior to the Eating Disorder (ED), and an additional 7.7% (N = 12) were diagnosed with autism during ED treatment. Significantly more YPs with autism (50%, N = 8) compared with YPs without autism (16%, N = 23) received intensified care (day programme or inpatient treatment) during their treatment. No significant difference between groups regarding neither weight normalisation nor successful ending of the treatment were found.ConclusionThis small sample of YPs with autism suggests that comparable proportions of YPs with and without autism may restore normal weight and end the treatment successfully within 12 months. However, more YPs with comorbid autism needed more intensive treatment, indicating that outpatient treatment delivery may not be sufficient to bring about desired change in this patient group. Findings need confirmation in a larger sample with a systematic screening for autism.
Ontology‐based data access control model supported with grid computing for improving security in healthcare data
Authors: Kiran G. M. , Nalini N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOntology is broadly applied in various fields for creating trust‐based data access control models. In the case of the medical field, utilizing ontology is highly recommended for securing the medical report and patient information. Here, ontology is integrated with the grid computing system for achieving better authentication and security in the healthcare system. Various ontology based data access control models are designed by different authors for achieving enhanced user authorization and security. Security is still found to be a major issue in the existing techniques. To overcome this issue, the proposed work developed a medical ontology with three tier secure access control. The proposed method is processed in three layers. In the first layer, job scheduling for user is achieved. Job scheduling is carried out by scheduler using a deadline priority based scheduling algorithm. Users are scheduled with a different job based on their priority level such as low, medium, and high. In the second layer, role based policy is developed for finding and eliminating the accessing of unauthorized users. The third layer is used for securing medical database. Medical database is secured from various through encrypting the data using XOR cryptography algorithm. The proposed architecture is validated using some of the metrics such as turnaround time, tardiness, actual time delay, and throughput. The turnaround time, tardiness, and actual‐time delay attains for the proposed architecture are 64.60, 4.90, and 1.52 seconds, respectively. Then, the throughput value reaches for 25 bits length of encryption is 0.88 Mbps. The simulation analysis reveals that the proposed architecture reduces the waiting time of users and improves medical data security.
Development of a flow‐cell coupled to dynamic SPME technique for automated measurement of fragrance emission from fabric
Authors: Zou Jian , Zhang Shiling , Duan Shuyu , Winniford Bill 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA novel automated flow‐cell coupled dynamic solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) method was developed to study the emission of volatile fragrance compounds from fabric samples in a microchamber. Calibration curves were developed with the liquid‐inner tube diffusion‐film‐emission (LIFE) vial technique to quantify the gas‐phase concentration of nine significant volatile fragrance compounds. The linearity range for the various volatile fragrance compounds ranged from 0.001 to 37.9 mg/m3. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) for each fragrance compound was determined as ~3.6–12.1 μg/m3. Using this method, we obtained comprehensive emission curves of target volatiles to quantify the volatile emission profiles of fabric samples. Compared with traditional chamber test method procedures, this work provides a novel and automated method to allow the online monitoring of the emission of various volatiles from multiple samples in one experiment. The repeatability and sensitivity of the method are comparable to or better than existing offline techniques.
QSAR analysis of the partitioning of terpenes and terpenoids into human milk
Authors: Agatonovic‐Kustrin Snezana , Gegechkori Vladimir I. , Morton David W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStudies have shown that olfactory experience during breastfeeding plays an important role in the later development of certain food preferences in life. Thus, the aim of this study was to predict partitioning of odorous terpenes and terpenoids into breast milk from a predictive QSAR model for drug transfer. A large heterogenous data set based on drugs and their active metabolites that were used to build a QSAR was collected from the literature. Due to the vast structural diversity of these compounds and possibly different mechanisms involved in M/P partitioning, a non‐linear artificial neural network (ANN) model was used to develop a predictive QSAR model. The value of the correlation coefficient of predicted versus experimentally measured M/P values for the final model (14‐2‐1) was high (R = .82). The descriptors selected in the final model (14‐2‐1) belong to 3 main categories: (a) solubility/permeability descriptors (dipole moment, polar surface area, aromatic ring count and hydroxyl group count), (b) reactivity descriptors (i.e. HOMO energy) and (c) shape descriptors (different ring size counts, counts of methyl groups and molecular depth). Results of this study predict that many volatile terpenes from the essential oils are transferred into breast milk selectively. The highest M/P values (>3.5) were predicted for β‐caryophyllene, aromadendrene, alloaromadendrene, and 1,4‐ and 1,8‐cineole, high values for carvacrol (M/P = 3.2), eugenol (M/P = 3.0) and thymol (M/P = 3.6), and moderate values for α‐pinene (M/P = 2.3) and low values (M/P = 0.4) for phellandrene and limonene. Our model helps to explain and expand on the current knowledge of volatile compounds in breast milk by predicting that a variety of volatile terpenoids can be found in breast milk.
Influence of biotic and abiotic elicitors on artemisinin, quercetin, caffeic acid and essential oil production in Artemisia dracunculus L.
Authors: Coskun Yasemin , Taslidere Feride 
Published: July 2022

AbstractArtemisia dracunculus L. (tarragon) is valuable for its medicinal uses such as antimalarial, antibacterial and anticancer. Biotechnological methods need to be developed for the production of phytochemical compounds in plants with high and stable quality. Elicitation is one of the best tools for increasing secondary metabolites in various in vitro cultures. The current study determines the application of different concentrations of chitosan (25, 50, 100 and 150 mg/L) and UV‐C (5/10, 5/15, 10/10 and 10/15 min/cm) as biotic and abiotic elicitors in tarragon leaf callus cultures. The main aim was to increase the accumulation of artemisinin, quercetin, caffeic acid and essential oil content. For this purpose, callus formation rates and morphological features were also investigated. The results show that highest callus formation, weight and diameter were observed in UV‐C treated cultures. HPLC analyses revealed significant high accumulation of artemisinin (1.9 μg/g), quercetin (4.2 μg/g) and caffeic acid (2.9 μg/g) contents in 5/10 min/cm UV‐C treated samples. GC–MS analyses of callus cultures indicate high production of total amount of monoterpenes in all chitosan applications, best in 25 mg/L (90.75%). The major compound was β‐phellandrene in chemical composition of tarragon (19.61%) and increased the most in 10/15 min/cm UV‐C application (43.39%). The results show that the physical elicitor UV‐C can be effectively used in tarragon callus culture for enhancing pharmacologically active compounds in industrial production.
Repurposing the cardiac glycoside digoxin to stimulate myelin regeneration in chemically‐induced and immune‐mediated mouse models of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Titus Haley E. , Xu Huan , Robinson Andrew P. , Patel Priyam A. , Chen Yanan , Fantini Damiano , Eaton Valerie , Karl Molly , Garrison Eric D. , Rose Indigo V. L. , Chiang Ming Yi , Podojil Joseph R. , Balabanov Roumen , Liddelow Shane A. , Miller Robert H. , Popko Brian , Miller Stephen D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. The ideal MS therapy would both specifically inhibit the underlying autoimmune response and promote repair/regeneration of myelin as well as maintenance of axonal integrity. Currently approved MS therapies consist of non‐specific immunosuppressive molecules/antibodies which block activation or CNS homing of autoreactive T cells, but there are no approved therapies for stimulation of remyelination nor maintenance of axonal integrity. In an effort to repurpose an FDA‐approved medication for myelin repair, we chose to examine the effectiveness of digoxin, a cardiac glycoside (Na+/K+ ATPase inhibitor), originally identified as pro‐myelinating in an in vitro screen. We found that digoxin regulated multiple genes in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) essential for oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation in vitro, promoted OL differentiation both in vitro and in vivo in female naïve C57BL/6J (B6) mice, and stimulated recovery of myelinated axons in B6 mice following demyelination in the corpus callosum induced by cuprizone and spinal cord demyelination induced by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), respectively. More relevant to treatment of MS, we show that digoxin treatment of mice with established MOG35‐55‐induced Th1/Th17‐mediated chronic EAE combined with tolerance induced by the i.v. infusion of biodegradable poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) nanoparticles coupled with MOG35‐55 (PLG‐MOG35‐55) completely ameliorated clinical disease symptoms and stimulated recovery of OL lineage cell numbers. These findings provide critical pre‐clinical evidence supporting future clinical trials of myelin‐specific tolerance with myelin repair/regeneration drugs, such as digoxin, in MS patients.
Neural dissociation of visual attention span and phonological deficits in developmental dyslexia: A hub‐based white matter network analysis
Authors: Liu Tianqiang , Thiebaut de Schotten Michel , Altarelli Irene , Ramus Franck , Zhao Jingjing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt has been suggested that developmental dyslexia may have two dissociable causes—a phonological deficit and a visual attention span (VAS) deficit. Yet, neural evidence for such a dissociation is still lacking. This study adopted a data‐driven approach to white matter network analysis to explore hubs and hub‐related networks corresponding to VAS and phonological accuracy in a group of French dyslexic children aged from 9 to 14 years. A double dissociation in brain‐behavior relations was observed. Structural connectivity of the occipital‐parietal network surrounding the left superior occipital gyrus hub accounted for individual differences in dyslexic children's VAS, but not in phonological processing accuracy. In contrast, structural connectivity of two networks: the temporal–parietal‐occipital network surrounding the left middle temporal gyrus hub and the frontal network surrounding the left medial orbital superior frontal gyrus hub, accounted for individual differences in dyslexic children's phonological processing accuracy, but not in VAS. Our findings provide evidence in favor of distinct neural circuits corresponding to VAS and phonological deficits in developmental dyslexia. The study points to connectivity‐constrained white matter subnetwork dysfunction as a key principle for understanding individual differences of cognitive deficits in developmental dyslexia.