bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical evaluation of anti‐aging effects of combined therapy—Azelaic acid, phytic acid, and vitamin C applied layer by layer in females with Fitzpatrick skin types II and III
Authors: Markiewicz‐Tomczyk Agata , Budzisz Elżbieta , Erkiert‐Polguj Anna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionVitamins C, E, and A and substances of plant origin, including azelaic acid and phytic acid are frequently used in cosmetic preparations to counteract oxidative stress and negative effects of free radicals. The aim of the study was to evaluate a novel combined therapy consisting of azelaic acid, ascorbic acid, and phytic acid applied layer on layer.MethodsTwenty study participants received a series of eight treatments performed every 7 days. Twenty percent azelaic acid and then 30% phytic acid were applied to the entire face, while 40% l‐ascorbic acid only on the left side. The preparations were applied layer by layer. Skin parameters were measured before the series of treatments (T0), after the series of eight treatments (T1–8 weeks), and 1 month after the end of the treatment (T2–12 weeks).ResultsThe application of two and three active compounds resulted in a significant improvement in erythema and hyperpigmentation both on the forehead and the cheeks, however, more pronounced effects were observed when all the three active compounds were used. Both applied types of treatment considerably increased skin moisture. All the participants (100%) were satisfied with the effects of the treatment. A majority of them reported an improvement in skin hydration, firmness, and elasticity, more uniform skin tone and a reduction of skin redness and wrinkles.ConclusionsTopical application of these active compounds resulted in improvement of skin elasticity and flexibility, reduction of wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, erythema, and telangiectasia as well as amelioration of skin tone.
A predictive nomogram for a failed trial of labor after cesarean: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Hua , Sheng Wen , Cai Min , Chen Qiuling , Lin Beibei , Zhang Weishe , Li Wenxia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo validate risk factors and a nomogram prediction model for the failure of a trial of labor after cesarean section (TOLAC) in a Chinese population.MethodsWe included women who tried TOLAC between January 2017 and May 2019, grouped according to the success/failure of TOLAC. The patients were randomized 3:1 into the development and validation sets. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to develop a nomogram prediction model for TOLAC failure.ResultsIn total, 535 (86.3%) of the women (n = 620) aged 29–34 years had a successful vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). All women had a fully healed previous uterine incision. The univariable analyses showed that the cephalopelvic score (p < 0.001), BMI (p = 0.001), full engagement into the pelvis (p < 0.001), Bishop cervical maturity score (p < 0.001), and estimated fetal weight at admission (p < 0.001) could enter the multivariable model. Furthermore, the multivariable analysis showed that the cephalopelvic score (OR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.23–0.77, p = 0.005), full engagement in the pelvis (OR = 0.16, 95%CI: 0.08–0.33, p < 0.001), and Bishop cervical maturity score (OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.35–0.59, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of the failure of TOLAC.ConclusionThis study proposes a nomogram that can assess the risk of failure of TOLAC in Chinese pregnant women. The statistical model could help clinicians know the likelihood of successful TOLAC in the clinical setting.
Daily variations and levels of human chorionic gonadotropin before methotrexate treatment as predictors of treatment success
Authors: Yu Yuchong , Li Yuhong , Yang Xiaoming , Fan Qiong , Cao Dan , Wang Yudong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to investigate the role of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) daily variations and levels prior to methotrexate treatment as predictors for treatment outcome.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients who had a sonographically confirmed ectopic pregnancy at the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital between November 2015 and June 2020. The associations of hCG levels and daily variations with the treatment success were evaluated by multivariable logistic regression and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. Establish a nomogram that predicts how methotrexate (MTX) therapy will turn out. The performance of the model was assessed utilizing concordance index, receiver operating characteristic curves, and calibration plots.ResultsThe median serum hCG levels before treatment and hCG daily variation in the failure group were higher than those in the success group (487.8 vs. 270.7 IU/L, −1.86% vs. 7.29%, both p < 0.01). According to the ROC curve analysis, the cutoff values of serum hCG level before treatment and daily variations were 617.35 IU/L and 1.76%/day. By multivariable logistic regression analysis, serum hCG levels before treatment (odds ratio [OR]: 1.001, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.000 ~ 1.001) and hCG daily variations were independently associated with the treatment success (OR: 1.033, 95% CI: 1.015 ~ 1.052). The nomogram was effective at predicting the outcome of MTX treatment with a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve of 0.717 (p < 0.001). The nomogram's calibration curve was almost parallel to the ideal diagonal line.ConclusionWe successfully created a nomogram based on serum hCG levels before treatment and hCG daily changes to anticipate the result of MTX therapy, which could assist medical professionals in selecting therapeutic schedule for patients with tubal pregnancies.
Chewing side preference and laterality in patients treated with unilateral posterior implant‐supported fixed partial prostheses
Authors: Athab Abduljabbar Zahra , Svensson Krister G. , Hjalmarsson Lars , Franke Stenport Victoria , Eliasson Alf 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is not clear to what extent chewing is improved by unilateral oral rehabilitation with implant‐supported fixed partial prostheses (ISFPPs).ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate whether patients treated with unilateral ISFPPs in the maxilla use their prostheses during mastication to the same extent as they used their contralateral natural teeth. A further aim was to investigate whether there is a correlation between preferred chewing side and laterality.MethodsChewing side preference was assessed in 15 participants treated with unilateral ISFPPs in the maxilla. The first, second, third, fifth and tenth chewing cycles were assessed, and the test was repeated 10 times. All participants also answered a questionnaire about their chewing side preference.ResultsMost of the participants presented bilateral chewing, but two (13%) chewed only on the ISFPP. There was no statistically significant association between the objectively assessed chewing side and dental status (natural teeth or ISFPPs) during any of the recorded chewing cycles (p > .1).There were statistically significant correlations between both the subjectively reported usually preferred chewing side and the subjective chewing side preference during the test and the objectively assessed chewing side for the first three chewing cycles (p < .01). No correlation was found between handedness and the objectively assessed chewing side.ConclusionIn the present study, most participants chewed bilaterally, and chewing was performed both on the ISFPP and on the natural teeth. No correlation was found between the preferred chewing side, objectively or subjectively determined and laterality.
Prevalence of painful temporomandibular disorders, awake bruxism and sleep bruxism among patients with severe post‐traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Knibbe Wendy , Lobbezoo Frank , Voorendonk Eline M. , Visscher Corine M. , de Jongh Ad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPost‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with painful temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and may be part of the aetiology of awake bruxism (AB) and sleep bruxism (SB). Investigating the associations between PTSD symptoms on the one hand, and painful TMD, AB and SB on the other, can help tailoring treatment to the needs of this patient group.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the associations between PTSD symptoms and painful TMD, AB and SB among patients with PTSD, focusing on prevalence, symptom severity and the influence of trauma history on the presence of painful TMD, AB and SB.MethodsIndividuals (N = 673) attending a specialised PTSD clinic were assessed (pre‐treatment) for painful TMD (TMD pain screener), AB and SB (Oral Behaviours Checklist), PTSD symptoms (Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale) and type of traumatic events (Life Events Checklist).ResultsPainful TMD, AB and SB were more prevalent among patients with PTSD (28.4%, 48.3% and 40.1%, respectively) than in the general population (8.0%, 31.0% and 15.3%, respectively; all p's < .001). PTSD symptom severity was found to be significantly, but poorly, associated with the severity of painful TMD (rs = .126, p = .001), AB (rs = .155, p < .001) and SB (rs = .084, p = .029). Patients who had been exposed to sexual assault were more likely to report AB than patients who had not. Similarly, exposure to physical violence was associated with increased odds for SB.ConclusionPatients with severe PTSD are more likely to experience painful TMD, AB or SB, whereas type of traumatic event can be of influence. These findings can contribute to selecting appropriate treatment modalities when treating patients with painful TMD, AB and SB.
Personal taxes, cost of insurer equity capital, and the case of offshore hedge fund reinsurers
Authors: Niehaus Greg 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInsurer investment returns are taxed in the United States at the corporate level and at the personal level when they are distributed to shareholders. This paper examines the implications of personal taxes for the tax cost on insurers equity capital and how these tax costs have varied over time under different tax regimes and with different asset portfolios. The paper also discusses how personal taxes provide tax incentives to form offshore hedge fund reinsurers, which provide an interesting case study illustrating the relevance of personal taxes. Finally, the paper discusses the tax treatment of alternative capital arrangements, such as collateralized reinsurance and sidecars.
Cryptococcal meningitis in people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Nepal: Perspectives from resource limited setting
Authors: Sharma Supriya , Acharya Jyoti , Rijal Nisha , Chalise Bimal Sharma , Bhandari Parmananda , Banjara Megha Raj , Ghimire Prakash , Singh Anjana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEarly diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is crucial for its therapeutic success. The objective of this study was to diagnose cryptococcal meningitis in PLHIV cases using the available laboratory techniques for its confirmation in resource limited setting. This cross‐sectional prospective study was conducted among 72 PLHIV with clinical suspicion of meningitis. Each cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample received at the National Public Health Laboratory, Kathmandu was processed for India ink staining, cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay, and fungal culture following standard protocols. The laboratory‐confirmed cryptococcal meningitis cases were between 24 and 69 years of age (median age 39 years) with 87.5% (12/14) of cases being male. Cryptococcus was detected in 22.22% (16/72) by any of the three tests, 19.44% (14/72) by cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay, 16.66% (12/72) by India ink staining, and 8.33% (6/72) by culture. High percentage of cryptococcal meningitis among PLHIV warrants early microbiological diagnosis for better case management. Cryptococcal antigen detection immunoassay should be the priority test for laboratory diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis in PLHIV. Alternatively, very simple and economic India ink staining of CSF specimens could be used in resource limited settings.
Does one size fit all in the non‐profit donation production function?*
Authors: Harrison Teresa D. , Henderson Daniel J. , Ozabaci Deniz , Laincz Christopher A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe attempt to reconcile two puzzles in the non‐profit (NP) literature: (i) studies often find that NPs grossly underspend on fundraising; (ii) crowd‐out effect estimates of government grants on private donations vary widely, suggesting both crowd‐out and crowd‐in. We examine these impacts via a semi‐parametric instrumental variables strategy. We find heterogeneous effects across NPs, fundraising efforts, and government grant intensity. Smaller NPs appear to drive the presence of crowd‐out; estimates for the marginal productivity of fundraising are consistent with leading theories of NP optimizing behaviour.
Gradual warming prior to the end‐Permian mass extinction
Authors: Gliwa Jana , Wiedenbeck Michael , Schobben Martin , Ullmann Clemenz V. , Kiessling Wolfgang , Ghaderi Abbas , Struck Ulrich , Korn Dieter 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe biggest known mass extinction in the history of animal life occurred at the Permian–Triassic boundary and has often been linked to global warming. Previous studies have suggested that a geologically rapid (<40 kyr) temperature increase of more than 10°C occurred simultaneously with the main extinction pulse. This hypothesis is challenged by geochemical and palaeontological data indicating profound environmental perturbations and a temperature rise prior to the main extinction. Using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), we measured oxygen isotope ratios from Changhsingian (late Permian) ostracods of north‐western Iran. Our data show that ambient seawater temperature began to rise at least 300 kyr prior to the main extinction event. Gradual warming by approximately 12°C was probably responsible for initial environmental degradation that eventually culminated in the global end‐Permian mass extinction.
Applying genetic technologies to combat infectious diseases in aquaculture
Authors: Robinson Nicholas A. , Robledo Diego , Sveen Lene , Daniels Rose Ruiz , Krasnov Aleksei , Coates Andrew , Jin Ye Hwa , Barrett Luke T. , Lillehammer Marie , Kettunen Anne H. , Phillips Ben L. , Dempster Tim , Doeschl‐Wilson Andrea , Samsing Francisca , Difford Gareth , Salisbury Sarah , Gjerde Bjarne , Haugen John‐Erik , Burgerhout Erik , Dagnachew Binyam S. , Kurian Dominic , Fast Mark D. , Rye Morten , Salazar Marcela , Bron James E. , Monaghan Sean J. , Jacq Celeste , Birkett Mike , Browman Howard I. , Skiftesvik Anne Berit , Fields David M. , Selander Erik , Bui Samantha , Sonesson Anna , Skugor Stanko , Østbye Tone‐Kari Knutsdatter , Houston Ross D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDisease and parasitism cause major welfare, environmental and economic concerns for global aquaculture. In this review, we examine the status and potential of technologies that exploit genetic variation in host resistance to tackle this problem. We argue that there is an urgent need to improve understanding of the genetic mechanisms involved, leading to the development of tools that can be applied to boost host resistance and reduce the disease burden. We draw on two pressing global disease problems as case studies—sea lice infestations in salmonids and white spot syndrome in shrimp. We review how the latest genetic technologies can be capitalised upon to determine the mechanisms underlying inter‐ and intra‐species variation in pathogen/parasite resistance, and how the derived knowledge could be applied to boost disease resistance using selective breeding, gene editing and/or with targeted feed treatments and vaccines. Gene editing brings novel opportunities, but also implementation and dissemination challenges, and necessitates new protocols to integrate the technology into aquaculture breeding programmes. There is also an ongoing need to minimise risks of disease agents evolving to overcome genetic improvements to host resistance, and insights from epidemiological and evolutionary models of pathogen infestation in wild and cultured host populations are explored. Ethical issues around the different approaches for achieving genetic resistance are discussed. Application of genetic technologies and approaches has potential to improve fundamental knowledge of mechanisms affecting genetic resistance and provide effective pathways for implementation that could lead to more resistant aquaculture stocks, transforming global aquaculture.
Potential implications of sperm DNA methylation functional properties in aquaculture management
Authors: Zhang Songpei , Cheng Yu , Věchtová Pavlína , Boryshpolets Sergii , Shazada Nururshopa Eskander , Alavi Sayyed Mohammad Hadi , Cosson Jacky , Linhart Otomar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe biology of fish sperm, an important topic in the research of reproduction and fisheries from basic science to evolutionary and applied aspects, has implications for aquaculture management, fish breeding and biological conservation. The quality of spermatozoa plays a vital role in fish fertility, and directly affects the health and performance of offspring. Environmental factors that affect determinants of spermatozoa quality usually reflected in the DNA methylation pattern of the spermatozoa epigenome, which may change offspring's performance. The aim of the present study was to conduct a review on existing data about DNA methylation in fish spermatozoa as a biological tool for identifying the quality of offspring based on their phenotypes and performances. Furthermore, this study provides valuable knowledge from fundamental to applied sciences dealing with enhancement of breeding selection, fish reproduction and environmental adaptation. The review also describes the individual parts related to DNA methylation in fish, including overview of the methods which can be used to study DNA methylation, DNA methylation dynamics and epigenetic inheritance; identification of DNA methylation changes in sperm function in response to internal and external environment constraints, and potential relationships between DNA methylation and physiological regulation of spermatozoa quality determinants. Overall, the present study revealed that our knowledge about intergenerational inheritance of the performance and adaptability of fish through sperm DNA methylation is very limited, and no general conclusion could be approached from literature mostly due to non‐standardized experimental protocol or analytical tools.
Brexit and precarity: Polish female workers in the UK as second‐class citizens?
Authors: Duda‐Mikulin Eva A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractImmigration was a decisive factor in pre‐Brexit‐vote debates and it remains one of the most divisive topics globally; therefore, it is worthy of attention. Whilst the British people had an opportunity to have their say on Brexit, EU migrant workers have not. This article gives them a voice as it is based on original data from 40 qualitative interviews with female EU citizens to the UK, conducted before and after the Brexit‐vote. This article further develops the notion of precarity in relation to EU migrants to the UK in light of Brexit and adds to debates on gender in migration. This paper provides wider policy implications for the British and other EU countries' authorities as it engages with debates on Brexit from the point of view of the UK labour force as voices of economic women migrants from Poland are presented.
The systematics of Tachymenini (Serpentes, Dipsadidae): An updated classification based on molecular and morphological evidence
Authors: Trevine Vivian C. , Grazziotin Felipe G. , Giraudo Alejandro , Sallaberry‐Pincheira Nicole , Vianna Juliana A. , Zaher Hussam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDespite the recent advances in the systematics of snakes, the diversity of several Neotropical groups of species remains poorly understood. The lack of studies focused on the phylogenetic relationship within most of the 20 tribes of Dipsadidae precludes a better understanding of the evolution of this diverse family. Here, we present a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of Tachymenini, a heterogeneous tribe that comprises 36 viviparous species of dipsadids, grouped in seven genera based on morphological similarities. The tribe is widely distributed throughout South America presenting very distinctive phenotypes, habitats, and behaviours. The phylogenetic relationship among tachymenins is a well‐recognized challenge regarding the systematics of the South American dipsadids. The similar morphotype of some generalist species, combined with the very derived morphology of some strict specialists, creates a complexity of traits that has prevented the comprehension of the systematics of the group. To address such a challenge, we combine molecular (six loci) and morphological (70 characters) datasets in an integrative phylogenetic approach. The resultant phylogenetic trees indicate, with strong support, that three of the seven current recognized genera (Tachymenis,Tomodon, andThamnodynastes) are non‐monophyletic and, consequently, we propose a new systematic arrangement for Tachymenini. We revalidate two genera,DryophylaxandMesotes, and we describe three additional monotypic genera,Apographongen. n.,Tachymenoidesgen. n., andZonateresgen. n. to accommodateTomodon orestes,Tachymenis affinis, andThamnodynastes lanei, respectively. We also includeTomodon ocellatusandPseudotomodon trigonatusinTachymenisand describe a new genus,Galvarinusgen. n., to accommodate theTachymenis chilensisspecies group. Furthermore, we also provide an evolutionary scenario for the speciation events based on a time‐calibrated tree, commenting on the diversification and origin of the tribe, and on the probable existence of undescribed species ofMesotesandDryophylax.
Experiences of fatigue among people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Hamari Lotta , Siltanen Hannele , Heikkilä Kristiina , Holopainen Arja 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to explore the experiences of adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease living with fatigue.

Introduction:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an incurable disease that causes multiple physical, social, and psychological burdens to those affected as well as their caregivers. One symptom that affects the quality of life of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is fatigue. However, the experiences of fatigue disclosed by people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have not been widely documented in previous reviews. The findings of this review will provide insights into how people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease experience fatigue, which will be useful for developing, targeting, and implementing needs-based counseling interventions to help them deal with fatigue and maintain functioning.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies that include adults (>18 years) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at any stage, and that focus on the experiences of fatigue in any context, including health services (in- and out-patient), community, work, leisure, and home.

Methods:
MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Academic Search Premier, Web of Science, Medic, OpenGrey, and ProQuest Dissertation and Theses will be searched for relevant published and unpublished literature with no restrictions on publication date. Study selection, quality appraisal, and data extraction will be conducted by 2 independent reviewers. Eligible studies will be evaluated using the JBI critical appraisal tool for qualitative research. Findings will be pooled using the JBI method of meta-aggregation, and a level of credibility will be assigned to the findings. The findings will be graded according to the ConQual approach for establishing confidence in findings.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42021242227