bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative proteomic and clinicopathological analysis of breast adenoid cystic carcinoma and basal-like triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Yao Qian , Hou Wei , Chen Junbing , Bai Yanhua , Long Mengping , Huang Xiaozheng , Zhao Chen , Zhou Lixin , Niu Dongfeng 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare type of triple-negative breast cancer that has an indolent clinical behavior. Given the substantial overlapping morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features with other basal-like triple-negative breast cancer (BL-TNBC), accurate diagnosis of ACC is crucial for effective clinical treatment. The integrative analysis of the proteome and clinicopathological characteristics may help to distinguish these two neoplasms and provide a deep understanding on biological behaviors and potential target therapy of ACC.MethodsWe applied mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics to analyze the protein expression in paired tumor and adjacent normal breast tissue of five ACC and five BL-TNBC. Bioinformatic analyses and the clinicopathological characteristics, including histological features, immunohistochemistry, and FISH results, were also collected to get comprehensive information.ResultsA total of 307 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified between ACC and BL-TNBC. Clustering analysis of DEPs clearly separated ACC from BL-TNBC. GSEA found downregulation of the immune response of ACC compared with BL-TNBC, which is consistent with the negative PD-L1 expression of ACC. Vesicle-mediated transport was also inhibited, while ECM organization was enriched in ACC. The top upregulated proteins in DEPs were ITGB4, VCAN, and DPT. Moreover, in comparison with normal breast tissue, ACC showed elevated ribosome biogenesis and RNA splicing activity.ConclusionThis study provides evidence that ACC presents a substantially different proteomic profile compared with BL-TNBC and promotes our understanding on the molecular mechanisms and biological processes of ACC, which might be useful for differential diagnosis and anticancer strategy.
Effect of aging on acute pancreatitis through gut microbiota
Authors: Jing Hui , Chang Qimeng , Xu Yayun , Wang Jianfa , Wu Xubo , Huang Jiating , Wang Lishun , Zhang Ziping 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundCompared to younger people, older people have a higher risk and poorer prognosis of acute pancreatitis, but the effect of gut microbiota on acute pancreatitis is still unknown. We aim to investigate the effect of aging gut microbiota on acute pancreatitis and explore the potential mechanism of this phenomenon.MethodsEighteen fecal samples from healthy adult participants, including nine older and nine younger adults were collected. C57BL/6 mice were treated with antibiotics for fecal microbiota transplantation from older and younger participants. Acute pancreatitis was induced by cerulein and lipopolysaccharide in these mice. The effect of the aged gut microbiota was further tested via antibiotic treatment before or after acute pancreatitis induction.ResultsThe gut microbiota of older and younger adults differed greatly. Aged gut microbiota exacerbated acute pancreatitis during both the early and recovery stages. At the same time, the mRNA expression of multiple antimicrobial peptides in the pancreas and ileum declined in the older group. Antibiotic treatment before acute pancreatitis could remove the effect of aging gut microbiota, but antibiotic treatment after acute pancreatitis could not.ConclusionAging can affect acute pancreatitis through gut microbiota which characterizes the deletion of multiple types of non-dominant species. This change in gut microbiota may potentially regulate antimicrobial peptides in the early and recovery stages. The level of antimicrobial peptides has negative correlations with a more severe phenotype.
White matter integrity in delinquent emerging adults and non-delinquent controls, and its relationship with aggression, psychopathic traits, and cannabis use
Authors: Jansen Jochem M. , Zijlmans Josjan , Popma Arne , Marhe Reshmi 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAtypical white matter integrity may be one of the biological factors related to delinquency. In adults, decreased white matter integrity has been related to antisocial behavior, but findings from research in adolescent and young adult populations are either mixed or lacking. Here we investigated this association within a naturalistic sample of delinquent young adults (age 18–27).MethodsIn a sample of 95 young adult, delinquent men and 22 age and gender matched controls, we assessed white matter integrity through fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity measures. We compared white matter integrity between the groups, and within the delinquent group assessed the association between white matter integrity and aggression, psychopathic traits, and cannabis use.ResultsWe found no differences in fractional anisotropy or mean diffusivity between delinquent young adults and non-delinquent controls. Additionally, within the group of delinquent young adults, we found no associations between white matter integrity and aggression, psychopathic traits, or cannabis use.ConclusionOur null findings suggest that white matter integrity differences may be unrelated to antisocial behavior in emerging adults, and/or that white matter differences between delinquent populations and controls may only arise later in life.
Construction and validation of a glioblastoma prognostic model based on immune-related genes
Authors: Huang Kate , Rao Changjun , Li Qun , Lu Jianglong , Zhu Zhangzhang , Wang Chengde , Tu Ming , Shen Chaodong , Zheng Shuizhi , Chen Xiaofang , Lv Fangfang 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common malignant brain tumor with high mortality. It is urgently necessary to develop a new treatment because traditional approaches have plateaued.PurposeHere, we identified an immune-related gene (IRG)-based prognostic signature to comprehensively define the prognosis of GBM.MethodsGlioblastoma samples were selected from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). We retrieved IRGs from the ImmPort data resource. Univariate Cox regression and LASSO Cox regression analyses were used to develop our predictive model. In addition, we constructed a predictive nomogram integrating the independent predictive factors to determine the one-, two-, and 3-year overall survival (OS) probabilities of individuals with GBM. Additionally, the molecular and immune characteristics and benefits of ICI therapy were analyzed in subgroups defined based on our prognostic model. Finally, the proteins encoded by the selected genes were identified with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and western blotting (WB).ResultsSix IRGs were used to construct the predictive model. The GBM patients were categorized into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. High-risk group patients had worse survival than low-risk group patients, and stronger positive associations with multiple tumor-related pathways, such as angiogenesis and hypoxia pathways, were found in the high-risk group. The high-risk group also had a low IDH1 mutation rate, high PTEN mutation rate, low 1p19q co-deletion rate and low MGMT promoter methylation rate. In addition, patients in the high-risk group showed increased immune cell infiltration, more aggressive immune activity, higher expression of immune checkpoint genes, and less benefit from immunotherapy than those in the low-risk group. Finally, the expression levels of TNC and SSTR2 were confirmed to be significantly associated with patient prognosis by protein mass spectrometry and WB.ConclusionHerein, a robust predictive model based on IRGs was developed to predict the OS of GBM patients and to aid future clinical research.
Analysis of the genotype–phenotype correlation in isovaleric acidaemia: A case report of long-term follow-up of a chinese patient and literature review
Authors: Liu Xingmiao , Liu Xinquan , Fan Wenxuan , Zhang Zhongbin , Zhang Peiyuan , Liu Xiaojun , Lei Meifang , Li Qing , Yu Xiaoli , Li Dong 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundIsovaleric acidaemia (IVA), characterized by an acute metabolic crisis and psychomotor delay, is a rare inherited metabolic disease caused by a deficiency in isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD).MethodsWe report the case of a Chinese patient with IVA who was admitted to Tianjin Children's Hospital and followed up for 8 years. Genetic analysis of the patient and his parents was conducted using the whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing. We searched for similar reported cases in the PubMed and Wanfang databases using the term “isovaleric acidaemia,” reviewed the related literature to obtain a summary of the clinical and genetic characteristics, and analyzed the genotype–phenotype correlations.ResultsThe patient presented with encephalopathic symptoms, such as vomiting, lethargy, and somnolence. We identified compound heterozygous variants of the IVD gene, including the unreported variant c.224A&gt;G (p.Asn75Ser) and the reported variant c.1195G&gt;C (p.Asp399His). The child was prescribed a low-protein diet supplemented with L-carnitine. During the 8-year follow-up, no metabolic disorder or encephalopathic symptoms recurred. At present, the child is 11 years of age and has normal mental and motor performance. Another 154 cases identified in 25 relevant references were combined with this case, resulting in a sample of 155 patients, including 52 asymptomatic patients, 64 with neonatal onset, and 39 with the chronic intermittent disease with onset from ages of 1 month to 10 years (median age, 2 years). Among articles that reported sex, the male-to-female ratio was 1:1.06. The cardinal symptoms included vomiting, lethargy, “sweaty foot” odor, poor feeding, developmental delay, and epilepsy. The proportion of variants in regions 123–159 and 356–403 of the IVD protein was greater in symptomatic patients than in asymptomatic patients. Conversely, in asymptomatic patients, the proportion of variants in the 282–318 region was greater than in symptomatic patients.ConclusionThis case report describes an unreported variant c.224A&gt;G (p.Asn75Ser) of the IVD gene, and summarizes previously reported cases. Furthermore, the correlation between the genotype and clinical phenotype of IVA is analyzed to improve the understanding of this disease.
Consensus on early detection of disease progression in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Meca-Lallana José E. , Casanova Bonaventura , Rodríguez-Antigüedad Alfredo , Eichau Sara , Izquierdo Guillermo , Durán Carmen , Río Jordi , Hernández Miguel Ángel , Calles Carmen , Prieto-González José M. , Ara José Ramón , Uría Dionisio F. , Costa-Frossard Lucienne , García-Merino Antonio , Oreja-Guevara Celia 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundEarly identification of the transition from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) to secondary progressive MS (SPMS) can be challenging for clinicians, as diagnostic criteria for SPMS are primarily based on physical disability and a holistic interpretation.ObjectiveTo establish a consensus on patient monitoring to identify promptly disease progression and the most useful clinical and paraclinical variables for early identification of disease progression in MS.MethodsA RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method was used to establish the level of agreement among a panel of 15 medical experts in MS. Eighty-three items were circulated to the experts for confidential rating of the grade of agreement and recommendation. Consensus was defined when ≥66% agreement or disagreement was achieved.ResultsConsensus was reached in 72 out of 83 items (86.7%). The items addressed frequency of follow-up visits, definition of progression, identification of clinical, cognitive, and radiological assessments as variables of suspected or confirmed SPMS diagnosis, the need for more accurate assessment tools, and the use of promising molecular and imaging biomarkers to predict disease progression and/or diagnose SPMS.ConclusionConsensus achieved on these topics could guide neurologists to identify earlier disease progression and to plan targeted clinical and therapeutic interventions during the earliest stages of SPMS.
Predictors of ischemic events in patients with unilateral extracranial vertebral artery dissection: A single-center exploratory study
Authors: Yan Yanhong , Lu Ziwei , Ding Yafang , Pu Jianhong , Hu Chunhong , Teng Zhongzhao , Hui Pinjing 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveExtracranial vertebral artery dissection (EVAD) is one of the main causes of stroke in young and middle-aged patients. However, the diagnosis is challenging. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of EVAD on color duplex ultrasonography (CDU) and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (hrMRI), hoping to improve the accuracy and determine the relative contribution of vessel findings and clinical factors to acute ischemic events.MethodsPatients with unilateral EVAD were recruited and divided into ischemia and non-ischemia groups. Clinical features of patients and the lesion location; a variety of signs which indicate dissection, including the presence of an intimal flap, double lumen, intramural hematoma, dissecting aneurysm, intraluminal thrombus, and irregular lumen; and other quantitative parameters of each dissected segment on CDU and hrMRI were reviewed, respectively. Multiple logistic regression was performed to explore the association between clinical, imaging characteristics, and ischemic events in patients with unilateral EVAD.ResultsNinety-six patients with unilateral EVAD who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled during a six-year period. Overall, 41 cases (42.7%) were confirmed as ischemic stroke (n = 40) or transient ischemic attack (n = 1) during the 48 h after the onset of symptoms. Men, infections during the last week, and smoking were more common in the ischemia group. Intraluminal thrombus and occlusion on CDU were more prevalent in patients with cerebral ischemia than in those without (36.6 vs. 5.5%; p &lt; 0.001, and 39.0 vs. 9.1%; p = 0.001, respectively). On hrMRI, intraluminal thrombus and occlusion were also more frequent in the ischemia group than in the non-ischemia group (34.1 vs. 5.5%; p &lt; 0.001, and 34.1 vs. 9.1%; p = 0.003, respectively). In addition, lesion length on hrMRI was significantly longer for patients with ischemia (81.5 ± 41.7 vs. 64.7 ± 30.8 mm; p = 0.025). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, male gender, infections during the last week, and the presence of intraluminal thrombus on CDU and hrMRI were independently associated with acute ischemic events.ConclusionMale sex, infections during the last week, and the presence of intraluminal thrombus due to dissection are associated with an increased risk of ischemic events in patients with unilateral EVAD.
Chinese expert consensus on minimally invasive interventional treatment of trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Fan Xiaochong , Fu Zhijian , Ma Ke , Tao Wei , Huang Bing , Guo Gang , Huang Dong , Liu Guangzhao , Song Wenge , Song Tao , Xiao Lizu , Xia Lingjie , Liu Yanqing 
Published: July 2022

Background and purposeTrigeminal neuralgia is a common condition that is associated with severe pain, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. When the efficacy of drugs is not satisfactory or adverse drug reactions cannot be tolerated, minimally invasive interventional therapy has become an important treatment because of its simple operation, low risk, high repeatability and low cost. In recent years, minimally invasive interventional treatments, such as radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RF) of the trigeminal nerve and percutaneous microcompression (PMC), have been widely used in the clinic to relieve severe pain in many patients, however, some related problems remain to be addressed. The Pain Association of the Chinese Medical Association organizes and compiles the consensus of Chinese experts to standardize the development of minimally invasive interventional treatment of trigeminal neuralgia to provide a basis for its clinical promotion and application.Materials and methodsThe Pain Association of the Chinese Medical Association organizes the Chinese experts to compile a consensus. With reference to the evidence-based medicine (OCEBM) system and the actual situation of the profession, the Consensus Development Committee adopts the nominal group method to adjust the recommended level.ResultsPrecise imaging positioning and guidance are the keys to ensuring the efficacy and safety of the procedures. RF and PMC are the most widely performed and effective treatments among minimally invasive interventional treatments for trigeminal neuralgia.ConclusionsThe pain degree of trigeminal neuralgia is severe, and a variety of minimally invasive intervention methods can effectively improve symptoms. Radiofrequency and percutaneous microcompression may be the first choice for minimally invasive interventional therapy.
Comparing Discounting of Potentially Real Rewards and Losses by Means of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Pinger Mathieu , Thome Janine , Halli Patrick , Sommer Wolfgang H. , Koppe Georgia , Kirsch Peter 
Published: July 2022

AimDelay discounting (DD) has often been investigated in the context of decision making whereby individuals attribute decreasing value to rewards in the distant future. Less is known about DD in the context of negative consequences. The aim of this pilot study was to identify commonalities and differences between reward and loss discounting on the behavioral as well as the neural level by means of computational modeling and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). We furthermore compared the neural activation between anticipation of rewards and losses.MethodWe conducted a study combining an intertemporal choice task for potentially real rewards and losses (decision-making) with a monetary incentive/loss delay task (reward/loss anticipation). Thirty healthy participants (age 18-35, 14 female) completed the study. In each trial, participants had to choose between a smaller immediate loss/win and a larger loss/win at a fixed delay of two weeks. Task-related brain activation was measured with fMRI.ResultsHyperbolic discounting parameters of loss and reward conditions were correlated (r = 0.56). During decision-making, BOLD activation was observed in the parietal and prefrontal cortex, with no differences between reward and loss conditions. During reward and loss anticipation, dissociable activation was observed in the striatum, the anterior insula and the anterior cingulate cortex.ConclusionWe observed behavior concurrent with DD in both the reward and loss condition, with evidence for similar behavioral and neural patterns in the two conditions. Intertemporal decision-making recruited the fronto-parietal network, whilst reward and loss anticipation were related to activation in the salience network. The interpretation of these findings may be limited to short delays and small monetary outcomes.
Association between malnutrition and leucopenia in patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Wu Haixiao , Li Shu , Lin Yile , Wang Jun , Chekhonin Vladimir P. , Peltzer Karl , Baklaushev Vladimir P. , Abbas Kirellos Said , Zhang Jin , Li Huiyang , Zhang Chao 
Published: July 2022

Background and aimLeucopenia (LP) greatly limits the efficacy of chemotherapy in osteosarcoma patients. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of osteosarcoma patients before chemotherapy, assess the risk of LP during the perichemotherapy period, and explore the association between malnutrition and LP.Materials and methodsThis study retrospectively analyzed osteosarcoma patients treated in the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, China, between January 2009 and December 2020 according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Malnutrition in adolescents (5 to 19 years old) and adults (≥20 years old) was diagnosed using WHO AnthroPlus software (version 1.0.4) and Global Leadership initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM), respectively. According to the diagnostic criteria of LP in CTCAE 5.0, patients were divided into the LP group and the non-LP group.ResultsA total of 245 osteosarcoma patients were included. The incidence of malnutrition was 49.0%, and the incidence of LP was 51.8%. The incidence of malnutrition in adolescent patients was 53.1%, and their incidence of LP was 55.2%; the incidence of malnutrition in adult patients was 43.1%, and their incidence of LP was 47.1%. Logistic regression analysis showed that malnutrition before chemotherapy was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of LP after chemotherapy (OR = 6.85, 95% CI = 2.16-25.43; and OR = 35.03, 95% CI = 6.98-238.46 in mildly and severely malnourished young patients; OR = 6.06; 95% CI = 1.43-30.16; and OR = 38.09, 95% CI = 7.23-285.78 in mildly and severely malnourished adult patients, respectively). The results showed that age and nutritional status had a joint effect on the occurrence of LP.ConclusionThe nutrition status of osteosarcoma patients before chemotherapy is significantly correlated with the occurrence and severity of LP during peri-chemotherapy period. During osteosarcoma chemotherapy, necessary nutritional support should be given to patients of different ages to correct their malnutrition status in a timely manner, ultimately improving the efficacy of chemotherapy and the prognosis of patients.
Case report: An ectopic adrenocortical adenoma in the renal sinus
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Lv Renguang , Hu Xiaolin , Li Kewei , Ren Qiangqiang , Zhang Yongzhen , Meng Liwei , Liu Zhaoxu , Guo Zhaoxin , Cheng Yufeng 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundEctopic adrenal tissue is rare in adults, with an incidence of only about 1%. We report a rare case of ectopic adrenocortical adenoma in the left renal sinus.Case PreentationA 57-year-old woman was admitted to the Department of Urology due to “a left kidney tumor” on physical examination. Multislice helical computed tomography (CT) showed the left kidney with an anterior lip mass near the hilum, approximately 2.3 cm × 2.2 cm in size. Preoperative renal artery CT angiography (CTA) showed no obvious abnormality. Laparoscopic resection of the left renal sinus mass was performed, and postoperative pathological findings showed ectopic adrenocortical adenoma. The tumor was a nonfunctional adenoma.ConclusionRenal ectopic adrenal cortical adenoma is rare. Most of them are nonfunctional adenomas, which cannot be clearly diagnosed by preoperative imaging examination and can often be diagnosed by postoperative pathology.