bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kidney Function in Factory Workers Exposed to Heat Stress
Authors: Nerbass Fabiana B. , Moist Louise , Vieira Marcos A. , Pecoits-Filho Roberto 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesThe aims of the study are to re-evaluate kidney function in workers exposed and not exposed to heat stress after 2 years and to compare kidney function cross-shift using creatinine and cystatin C.MethodsParticipants were workers from a metallurgical industry. The clinical and biochemical markers of hydration and kidney function were evaluated before and after a single shift in work.ResultsWe included 14 workers (6 in the heat group and 8 in the control group). The serum creatinine levels did not change during the follow-up period. Cross-shift, creatinine-based eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) decreased, and cystatin C-based eGFR was maintained in the heat and control groups.ConclusionsWorkers exposed to heat stress maintained their kidney function after a 2-year follow-up. Cystatin C is a better kidney function marker than creatinine for cross-shift assessments in this setting.
Nosocomial infections during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Martínez-Martínez María , Nuvials Francesc Xavier , Riera Jordi 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of the review
The aim of this review is to present the latest evidence regarding the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of nosocomial infections during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support.

Recent findings
New descriptive data from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organisation (ELSO) registry and single centre studies have been published. In parallel, there is an increase in the availability of evidence about the diagnostic accuracy of infection markers, yield of routine cultures, effectivity of antibiotic prophylaxis and other preventive measures.

Summary
ECMO is a rescue therapy for severe hemodynamic or respiratory failure. Nosocomial infections on ECMO support are frequent (infection rate ranging between 20.5% to more than 50% of ECMO runs) and have impact in survival, with reported increases in the risk of death up to 63% in infected patients. However, diagnosis and treatment are challenging, as the unique relationship between patient and circuit may act as a confounder for infection and exacerbate the variability of antibiotic pharmacokinetics in critical illness. Clinical practice regarding antibiotic treatment and infection prevention is not yet supported by high-quality evidence.
Long-term recovery after critical illness in older adults
Authors: Kaushik Ramya , Ferrante Lauren E. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of review
The population is aging, and recent epidemiologic work reveals that an increasing number of older adults are presenting to the ICU with preexisting geriatric syndromes. In this update, we discuss recent literature pertaining to the long-term recovery of older ICU patients and highlight gaps in current knowledge.

Recent findings
A recent longitudinal study demonstrated that the incidence of frailty, disability, and multimorbidity among older ICU patients is rising; these geriatric syndromes have all previously been shown to impact long-term recovery. Recent studies have demonstrated the impact of social factors in long-term outcomes after critical illness; for example, social isolation was recently shown to be associated with disability and mortality among older adults in the year after critical illness. Socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with higher rates of dementia and disability following critical illness impacting recovery, and further studies are necessary to better understand factors influencing this disparity. The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately impacted older adults, resulting in worse outcomes and increased rates of functional decline and social isolation. In considering how to best facilitate recovery for older ICU survivors, transitional care programs may address the unique needs of older adults and help them adapt to new disability if recovery has not been achieved.

Summary
Recent work demonstrates increasing trends of geriatric syndromes in the ICU, all of which are known to confer increased vulnerability among critically ill older adults and decrease the likelihood of post-ICU recovery. Risk factors are now known to extend beyond geriatric syndromes and include social risk factors and structural inequity. Strategies to improve post-ICU recovery must be viewed with a lens across the continuum of care, with post-ICU recovery programs targeted to the unique needs of older adults.
The effect of electromagnetic field on sleep of patients with nocturia
Authors: Chen Shin-Hong , Chin Wei-Chih , Huang Yu-Shu , Chuech Leonard S. , Lin Chang-Min , Lee Chin-Pang , Lin Huang-Li , Tang I , Yeh Ting-Chun 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Accumulated studies revealed that electromagnetic field can affect human brain and sleep. We explored the effectiveness of electromagnetic field [Schumann resonance (SR)] on nocturia symptoms, quality of life, and sleep in patients with nocturia.

Methods:
This is a randomized, open-label, and active-controlled study, in which 35 participants were randomized into 2 groups. Group A received oxybutynin and the SR device for 12 weeks, while the active-control group received only the medication. We followed these patients every 4 weeks with a number of questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) for sleep, the American Urological Association Symptom Score (AUASS) for nocturia symptoms, and the Nocturia-Quality-of-Life-questionnaire (N-QOL) for quality of life. Descriptive statistics, pair t-tests, Chi-squared tests, and repeated measures were applied for data analysis.

Results:
No significant difference was found in the demographic data between the 2 groups. The AUASS, N-QOL, PSQI, and ESS total scores were significantly improved in the SR-sleep-device group (P < .001, P = .005, P < .001, P = .001) after treatment, but no significant change was found in the active-control group. Several variables of AUASS in the SR-sleep-device group were significantly improved, especially streaming and sleeping (both P = .001), and subjective sleep quality and sleep efficiency also demonstrated significant improvement (both P < .001).

Conclusions:
Our study revealed that electromagnetic field (SR) as an add-on can improve not only sleep and quality of life but also nocturia symptoms in patients with nocturia. These findings suggest that SR can be effective for sleep disturbance secondary to physical disease, which can be a new application of the electromagnetic field.
Linear indices of ventricular volume on brain computed tomography as markers of effectiveness of epidural blood patch for spontaneous intracranial hypotension: A case report
Authors: Lee So Young , Park Bum Young , Ryu Taeha , Lee Ji Hyeon , Kim Dong Hyuck , Roh Woon Seok 
Published: August 2022

Rationale:
Epidural blood patch (EBP) is an effective treatment for spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). However, its effectiveness can only be judged through subjective symptom improvement; no objective markers have been reported. Linear indices of ventricular volume on brain computed tomography (CT) may aid the objective evaluation of the effectiveness of EBP in patients with SIH.

Patient concerns:
A 45-year-old man was hospitalized due to a 3-week history of orthostatic headache, dizziness, and neck pain. He had visited a local emergency department at symptom onset. His neurological examination results were normal and vital signs were stable.

Diagnoses:
Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed pachymeningeal enhancement in both convexities with a small subdural hematoma (SDH). Based on the clinical features and MRI findings, he was diagnosed with SIH complicated by SDH.

Interventions:
Non-targeted EBP was performed, first at the lumbar level and subsequently at the thoracic level. Linear indices of ventricular volume, including the Evans’ index, frontal–occipital horn ratio, and bicaudate index, were measured through brain CT performed before and after EBP.

Outcomes:
After lumbar EBP, there was no symptom relief or increase in linear indices of ventricular volume on brain CT. In contrast, the patient’s symptoms completely resolved and the linear indices of ventricular volume increased after thoracic EBP.

Lessons:
The effectiveness of EBP, which is currently evaluated solely based on changes in symptom severity, can be assessed using linear indices of ventricular volume.
Impact of the coronavirus pandemic on mental prosperity of medical care laborers in tertiary consideration hospital: A case report
Authors: Jinghong Yao , Junaid Irshad Muhammad , Irshad Moin , Khalil Ibrahim , Zahoor Shiza , Akram Muhammad , Muddasar Saeed Muhammad , Jafari-Sales Abolfazl , Elbossaty Walaa Fikry , Said Mourad Ben , Aharwal Ravindra Prasad , Hamid Gamal Abdul , Mbaye El Hadji Seydou , El-Ashram Saeed , Ataa Asaad Mohammed A. , Kiliç Ömer 
Published: August 2022

Since the outbreak of the Corona pandemic in December 2019, many people affected, especially medical care laborers, who deal with the treated cases. Coronavirus disease 2019 not only affects the body parts, but also extends to the psychological symptoms. The purpose of this research is to explore the impact of the pandemic on the mental prosperity of the laborers.
Clinical staff members from the administration emergency clinic, Lahore, were enlisted. A poll was used to collect data on the segment information, a sleeping disorder, despondency and stress manifestations. Correlation of the segment information and the mental factors were done among the sleeping and non-sleeping disorder samples.
All 356 medical service laborers were selected for this investigation. There were manifestations of misery in 222 (62.35%), nervousness in 227 (64.76%), stress in 197 (55.33%) and sleep deprivation in 190 (53.37%) of members. Gentle to extreme side effects of melancholy (91.65% vs 28.9%), nervousness (83.1% vs 41.6%) and stress (84.26% vs 22.22%) were seen predominately in the sleep deprivation gathering (P < .001). Insomnia was more pronounced in the members with low training levels (78.08%) versus post-advanced education (30.9%). Paramedics, attendants, and medical service laborers in confinement/serious consideration units were more inclined to the sleep deprivation (P < .001). Mental prosperity of medical care laborers was influenced because of Coronavirus pandemic. Attendants, paramedics, and those working in the detachment unit showed a critical sleeping disorder.
The results and indicators have proven that there is a relationship between the infection with the Corona pandemic and occurrence of disorders in psychological behavior. Therefore, the psychological rehabilitation sessions must be conducted for those infected and those in contact with the Corona cases to relieve the burden of that patients to raise their psychological conditions and support the immune system such that resist against the infection.
Real-world efficacy of sequential nivolumab for metastatic renal cancer after first-line molecular targeting therapy
Authors: Obinata Daisuke , Funakoshi Daigo , Sakurai Fuminori , Yoshizawa Tsuyoshi , Mochida Junichi , Yamaguchi Kenya , Takahashi Satoru 
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to clarify the real-world efficacy of sequential nivolumab for treating metastatic renal cancer after first-line molecular targeting therapy.
Patients were divided into two groups (2014–2016 and 2017–2020) according to the year when they started primary treatment with molecular targeted drugs (MTDs). We compared the overall survival of patients and investigated a contributing factor for survival.
The mean duration of overall survival was significantly longer in the 2017–2020 group (44.0 months) than in the 2014–2016 group (8.5 months). Univariate analysis showed that nivolumab treatment was a significant prognostic factor (P = .0021). Patients treated with nivolumab as second-line therapy had a significantly higher 5-year survival rate compared to that of other patients (70% vs 32%). In addition, the time from commencement of MTDs to switch to nivolumab was significantly shorter in the 2017–2020 group compared to the 2014–2016 group (8.94 vs 34.12 months, P = .03).
In our study, cases with first-line MTDs had markedly prolonged outcomes after the 2017 guideline update, and sequential nivolumab with prompt switching to nivolumab was an important factor.
T790M mutation positive squamous cell carcinoma transformation from EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma after low dose erlotinib: A case report and literature review
Authors: Kusaba Yusaku , Takeda Yuichiro , Abe Sakurako , Tsukada Akinari , Naka Go 
Published: August 2022

Rationale:
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are widely used for the treatment of EGFR mutation positive advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, acquired resistance is known to develop during these treatments. Among these mechanisms, histological transformation is seldom encountered. Although platinum based chemotherapy has been reported to be effective in the treatment of patients with small cell lung cancer transformation, there is a lack of information on the treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SQ) transformation.

Patient Concerns and Diagnosis:
An 80-year-old nonsmoking woman was referred to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow on her chest radiograph. Diagnostic bronchoscopy was performed and pathological examination revealed adenocarcinoma. Mutation analysis of the EGFR gene revealed deletion of E746-A750 in exon 19. She refused both surgical treatment and radiation therapy, and preferred periodic radiologic follow-up. Unfortunately, approximately a year and a half after the initial diagnosis, the primary lesion enlarged, and many pleural nodules were newly detected (clinically T4N2M1a, stage IVA).

Interventions and Outcomes:
Based on EGFR mutation analysis, a reduced dose of daily erlotinib was prescribed, which achieved a partial response and 34 months of progression-free survival (PFS). A repeated biopsy with an endobronchial cryoprobe was performed on the enlarged primary lesion. Pathological examination revealed SQ harboring an identical EGFR mutation with a secondary EGFR T790M mutation. Osimertinib 80 mg once a day was started as second line therapy, which resulted in 8 months of PFS and 15 months of survival.

Lesson:
The literature review and our report suggest that osimertinib is a promising treatment for NSCLC regardless of histology if T790M is present as an acquired mutation.
Plasma exchange therapy for familial chylomicronemia syndrome in infant: A case report
Authors: Han Lei , Qiang Guangfeng , Yang Lei , Kou Rui , Li Qiubo , Xin Meiyun , Liu Ruihan , Zhang Zhengjun 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare genetic disease. FCS usually manifests by the age of 10 years, and 25% of cases of FCS occur during infancy. Here we present a case of FCS in a male infant and summarize our experiences on the diagnosis and therapy of this case.

Patient concerns:
A male infant aged 1 month and 8 days had recurrent hematochezia and hyperchylomicronemia.

Diagnosis:
FCS based on symptoms and genetic test.

Interventions:
Plasma exchange therapy.

Outcomes:
His development was normal with a good spirit and satisfactory weight gain, and no hematochezia occurred again.

Conclusion:
Genetic test is important for accurate diagnosis of FCS, and we identified a new mutation of lipoprotein lipase gene c.88C>A which conformed to autosomal recessive inheritance. Plasma exchange therapy can be applied to infants with FCS with low risk and good outcomes.
Effectiveness of Montessori-based activities on agitation among Asian patients with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Lingyan , Zhang Zhihua , Xu Xiaoxun 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
Montessori based activity are supposed to be an effective nonpharmacological intervention in the treatment of agitation in western countries. However, most studies conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Montessori based activities on agitation in Asian patients were small sample size, as well as inconsistent outcomes, which may limit the reliability of the conclusions. The present pooled analysis, hence, was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the activity on agitation related with dementia in Asian patients with dementia.

Design:
Prospective randomized clinical studies were included, of which available data was extracted. Outcomes of physical aggressive behaviors, physical nonaggressive behaviors, and verbal aggressive behaviors were pooled for the analysis by weighted mean differences.

Data sources:
Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, and China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP)

Eligibility criteria:
Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical studies, conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the activity on agitation related with dementia in Asian patients with dementia.

Data extraction and synthesis:
Available data including baseline characteristics and interested outcomes from the included literature were extracted independently by 2 investigators. Measuring scales including CMAI and NOSIE were adopted for the efficacy comparison between Montessori based activity and standard activity. Weighted mean difference was used for the pooled analysis.

Results:
A total of 460 participants were included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled mean difference agitation for Montessori based activity was –3.86 (95% CI: –7.38 to –0.34, P = 0.03) comparing to standard activity. The pooled mean differences for physical aggressive behaviors, physical nonaggressive behaviors, and verbal aggressive behaviors in Montessori based activity group were –0.82 (95% CI: –1.10 to –0.55; P < 0.00001), –0.81 (95% CI: –1.68 to 0.55; P = 0.07), and 0.38 (95% CI: –0.92 to 1.68; P = 0.57).

Conclusions:
Montessori based activities may reduce the frequency of agitation, especially in physical aggressive behaviors comparing to standard activities in Asian patients with dementia. However, the effectiveness of Montessori based activities on reduction of subcategorized agitated behaviors including physical nonaggressive behaviors, and verbal aggressive behaviors may not be reliable as physical aggressive behaviors.
Differences in clinical characteristics among 726 patients with Chinese herbal medicine- or Western medicine-induced liver injury
Authors: Tan Kangan , Yang Wanna , Pang Lili , Hou Fengqin 
Published: August 2022

The differences between Chinese herbal medicine (CHM)- and Western medicine (WM)-induced liver injury have rarely been reported. Our aim was to investigate the clinical features of patients with drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by CHM or WM.
The medical records of 726 DILI patients were retrospectively collected at Peking University First Hospital from January 1995 through August 2019.
The number of inpatients with DILI in our hospital showed an increasing trend over time. The incidence of DILI caused by CHM exhibited a linear trend toward an increase with time (P = .0012). Of the 726 DILI patients, females accounted for 65.8%. There were 353 cases (48.6%) caused by CHM and 225 cases (40.0%) caused by WM. The 3 most common causative CHMs were Polygonum multiflorum (38 cases), Fructus Psoraleae (35 cases), and Epimedium (26 cases). The proportions of female patients, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, total bilirubin (TBIL) levels and antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity rates among cases caused by CHM were higher than those of cases caused by WM (P < .05). There were more patients with severe cases caused by CHM than with severe cases caused by WM (P < .05).
The clinical characteristics of DILI caused by CHM differ from those caused by WM. The incidence of DILI caused by CHM is increasing yearly. The medication time of DILI caused by CHM is longer than that of DILI caused by WM, and the severity is greater. Therefore, it is necessary to scientifically and rationally use traditional CHM and monitor liver function. For DILI caused by CHM, the CHM prescription should be recorded in detail to provide detailed clinical data for scientific research on the liver toxicity of CHM.
Manipulation of a clubfoot prior to a Ponseti method decreases the need for tenotomy!
Authors: Ralahy Fanjalalaina Malinirina , Andriamasinilaina Josué Lili , Stannage Katherine , Gray Jessie Lucey , Solofomalala Duval Gaëtan 
Published: August 2022

The combination of the Ponseti method with functional treatment produces better results and may reduce the need for surgery. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of manipulation of a congenital equinovarus clubfoot performed before correction by the Ponseti method.
This was a cohort study of children <5 years treated with the Ponseti method followed over a minimum period of 1 year. Each foot was treated according to the Ponseti method. The study parameters were as follows: age, gender, concept of previous treatment, previous treatment with manipulation, the degree of deformation according to the Pirani score, the laterality of the deformation, the number of casts required and the time needed for correction, the evolution of the Pirani score before each correction by plaster, the use or not of tenotomy and the Pirani score at the end of the correction session, the evolution of the Pirani score when wearing an abduction boot.
The series comprised a total of 68 feet. The average age of the children was 15.5 months. Regarding the deformity, 29 children presented a severe or very severe deformity. Before the treatment, 16 children received regular handling massage. Feet that had received manipulation prior to correction were the least exposed to tenotomy (P = .009). For the children who did not require a tenotomy, all the feet had a Pirani score of zero after the fourth week of wearing the splint. We noted a rapidly decreasing in the Pirani score of the feet, which did not require an tenotomy compared with other feet (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test: D = 0.61; P = .01).
The combination of functional treatment with the Ponseti method reduces the need for tenotomy.