bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Setup of Compton polarimeters for measuring entangled annihilation photons
Authors: Abdurashitov D. , Baranov A. , Borisenko D. , Guber F. , Ivashkin A. , Morozov S. , Musin S. , Strizhak A. , Tkachev I. , Volkov V. , Zhuikov B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An experimental setup for studying the Compton scattering of
annihilation photons in various (entangled and decoherent) quantum
states is presented. Two entangled γ-quanta with an energy
of 511 keV and mutually orthogonal polarizations are produced by
positron-electron annihilation in a thin aluminum plate and are
emitted in opposite directions. To measure both photons, the setup
provides two equivalent arms of Compton polarimeters. A Compton
polarimeter consists of a plastic scintillation scatterer and an
array of NaI(Tl) detectors for measuring photons deflected at an
angle of 90°. The intermediate scatterer of the GAGG
scintillator with SiPM readout is inserted into one of the arms to
create a tagged decoherence process prior to the measurement of
annihilation photons in polarimeters. The performance of Compton
scatterers and NaI(Tl) counters is discussed. The polarization
modulation factor and the analyzing power of Compton polarimeters
are evaluated from the angular distributions of scattered
gammas. The Compton scattering of photons in entangled and
decoherent states is compared reliably for the first time.
Performance of Soil Nailing for Slope Stabilization-A Review
Authors: Bathini Divya Jyothi , Ramya Krishna V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A landslide is a geological event involving a wide range of ground motions that leads to the collapse of soil slope. The stabilization of these soil slopes is done by constructing retaining walls to withstand lateral soil pressure. These retaining walls are costly as well as it is difficult to construct as they require wide excavation for the base or bottom slab. One of the many new solutions to slope stabilization is the soil nailing built by strengthening the steep slope by driving reinforcement into the soil. In this study, a review of the origin and mechanism of soil nailing, the construction process of soil nailed retaining walls were discussed. The failure pattern of soil nails is an important factor to be noticed which influence the stability of soil slope was discussed. Numerical studies were given, which are used to determine the adverse effect of orientation and inclination of nails on the stability of soil nailed walls. A couple of case studies were discussed to evaluate the significance of soil nailing on the stability of the slope and to retain the vertical cut. A Laboratory study was considered to estimate the effect of nail inclination and different nail arrangements on settlement of soil slope. A sequential literature review investigates the application, advantages and disadvantages of soil nailing. This study shall help in understanding the various applications of soil nailing in the civil engineering sector.
Effect of GGBS on Strength Characteristics and Stability of Pond Ash Mixed Soil Embankment
Authors: Rajak T K , Mishra A , Yadu L K 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The increased usage of coal by thermal power plants results in enormous volumes of pond ash. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) is produced in huge quantity in iron industries and is mostly utilised in the cement industry. Despite the fact that these industrial by-products have a wide range of applications, it is still conceivable to investigate the alternate mode for batch usage. The present study explores the effectiveness of GGBS in modifying the strength characteristics of a soil-pond ash mix. Pond ash was mixed with soil at 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%, and strength behaviour were determined by analysing compaction characteristics, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), bearing ratio behaviour, and shear strength parameters. The effect of GGBS addition in various amounts on the strength properties of pond ash-soil mix was also observed at various curing periods. Stability analysis was also conducted using limit equilibrium based GEOSLOPE software to evaluate the Factor of Safety (F) and stability of stabilized soil embankment. It was found from the test results that the addition of GGBS to the pond ash-soil mix improved the strength behaviours. With the inclusion of GGBS, the curing period was extended, which resulted in a substantial improvement in strength properties. Substantial improvement in factor of safety and stability of embankment was also observed by adding GGBS in pond ash-soil mix. Outcome of present study demonstrates an alternative approach for effective and safe utilization of GGBS and pond ash at optimum proportions.
Investigation of ab-inito, Photoluminescence and electrical studies of Li2Co(WO4)2
Authors: Shruthi D L , Anil Kumar G N , Jagannatha Reddy A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The optical properties of the material is depends on the site occupancy of the doping in the host lattice. In the present study, wereport the synthesis, characterisation, optical properties and ab-initio studies of Li2Co(WO4)2microcrystals synthesized by traditional and easy solid state method. The x-ray diffraction study shows the compound which arecrystallized in the triclinic crystal system space group PÏ.The average crystallite size was estimated from diffraction study found to be 109 nm. From UV-Visible spectroscopic study the calculated band gap is 2.69 eV for the phosphor. The Li2Co(WO4)2 phosphors shows the Photoluminescence under an excitation wavelength of 331 nm. A strong blue green peak emission at 447 nm was observed due to the transition from 3T1u levels to the 1A1g level. The electrical impedance studies were carried out to enunciate the impedance behaviour of Li2Co(WO4)2and to depict different conduction and relaxation processes.Further, theab-initiostudies were carried out in detail to understand electronic properties of the phosphor.
Synthesis of Graphene Quantum dots from the fresh leaves extract of Cynodon Dactylon and its Photoluminescence studies
Authors: Pai Asha R , Silpa Sasi B , Arya J , Arjun K.S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The current research is mainly focused on the synthesis of graphene quantum dots from the fresh extracts of Dhruva Grass (Cynodon Dactylon) by a One-pot, facile, solvothermal method at 60°C for 1 hr using a solvent mixture of Methanol and acetone in a ratio of 1:1. The high resolution transmission electron microscope image showed the formation of Graphene quantum dots with average size of 3-5 nm with the fluorescent quantum yield of 49.1%.
Selective Defect Metal Sulfide for Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Sarngan Pooja P. , Manju C P , Jadhao Pranjali , Sarkar Debabrata 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As a p-type semiconductor with metal vacancies in the lattice,coppersulfide Cu2-xS has been proved asan effective photocatalyst with its unique semiconducting character, non-toxic nature andexcellent optoelectronic properties. In this work, we have synthesized copper sulphide nanostructure via hydrothermal method by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a morphology controlling agent. Due to plasmonic nature, results from copper vacancy Cu2-xS nanocrystals possess a property called localized surface plasmon resonance which makes them capable of utilizing the NIR region of solar spectrum. The aim of this study is to explore copper sulphide catalyst which is capable of absorbing NIR region of the solar spectrum. It is found that copper sulphide has significantly enhanced light absorption over the entire wavelength range (from ultra-violet to near-infrared).
Thermal and Layer Thickness Dependence of Defect and Band Edge Transmissions in 1D PCs Based on ZnS/CaF2 Multilayers
Authors: Shilpa R , Abhinaya  , Yamuna  , Mudachathi Renilkumar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Alternating layers of different materials with sub wavelength thickness in one dimension are used for controlling the propagation of electromagnetic waves owing to their ability to selectively transfer and confine photons of specific wavelengths, called photonic band gap (PBG). Temperature independent large PBG in the visible wavelength range is highly desired for many applications and we have theoretically investigated the thermal and layer thickness dependence on PBG and proposed a novel strategy to choose materials based on their coefficients of thermal expansion and thermo optic effect. The thermal dependence of PBG can be eliminated by making the spectral shift due to thermo optic effect equal and opposite to that of the thermal expansion effect. We have chosen ZnS/CaF2 multilayers for the design of 1D photonic crystal (PC) and our calculations have shown that the spectral shift due to thermal fluctuations could be significantly reduced by the negative thermo optic coefficient of these materials compensated by the positive thermal expansion coefficient. The proposed 1D PC shows a temperature dependent spectral shift of ∼14 pm/oC in the visible range.
Thermodynamic study of high thermal stability Carbon Dots
Authors: Rimal Vishal , Srivastava P.K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Carbon Dots (CDs) in the recent years have been found to exhibit exceptional thermal stability. The superior nature CDs demonstrate in their physical, chemical, optical and conductive properties together with their low cytotoxicity make them a true contender to conventional inorganic counterparts. In this study the traditional thermodynamic properties that support the high thermal stability of CDs have been investigated. The thermal stability of CDs has been found to have a superior relationship with numerous parameters thereby paving a strong evidence for further research and advancement in the field. This result will further help in the development of organic nanoparticles which can be employed in environments where high-temperature resistance is a crucial requirement.
Exploitation of Versatile Naturally Derived Blue Colorant Pigment 3-[2-hydroxy-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl] indol-one
Authors: Ishani  , Isita  , Vijayakumar T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
3-[2-hydroxy-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl] indol-one depicts a multifaceted pigment which was discovered in distinct bacteria species like Chromobacterium violaceum, Duganella sp. , Collimonas sp. , D. violaceinigra , Pseudoalteromonas sp. , J. svalbardensis , Janthinobacteriumlividum, etc. 3-[2-hydroxy-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl] indol-one is liable for the stunning purple pastels which demonstrates a variety of biological behaviors and is reportedly garnering growing popularity in industrial- market segments, for instance, textiles, medicine, cosmetics etc. It is perhaps a novel therapeutic category of drug which is L-tryptophan originated displays anti-cancer along with antibiotic action. The intention of this review was to identify the numerous applications of 3-[2-hydroxy-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl] indol-one and evaluate its varied biochemical properties in a pharmacological sense, including its antioxidant, antitumor, anti-trypanocidal, antibacterial, anti-ulcerogenic, anticancer and immunomodulatory activities. Additionally, its usage in cosmetics, food, textiles, toys along with insecticides has stemmed as peculiar emerging segments of applications of 3-[2-hydroxy-5-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl] indol-one have been reviewed here.
Spectral Identification of Constituents of Rock Minerals
Authors: Joshua Samuel S. , Kannan M.R. , Sheeba Sherlin Y. , Vijayakumar T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The investigations of various planetary materials like mineral, organic, and biogenic materials, pre-solar grains, primitive meteoroids and soils from the moon and asteroids have been an effective research interest in planetary exploration. Spectroscopic analyses of terrestrial analog materials can give a best of understanding geology structure, chemical elements and processes on surfaces viz, valuable elements present in the earth and mars. The present work aims at understanding the identification of different types of rock minerals, its structure and chemical compositions, structural and micro-structural characterization. The rock sample is taken from the hills of Yelagiri located in the Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu. The samples were analyzed both as whole rocks and as fine powders as prepared similar to the ExoMars SPDS. The rock minerals are characterized using X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, FT Raman, X-ray Fluorescence.
Investigation on Spinel Co3O4 Nanoparticles through Mechanochemical Technique
Authors: Nivas Bharath , Rose Aleena , Shunmugapriya B. , Vijayakumar T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The spinel type Cobalt Oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles were synthesized through simple mechanochemical method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Effect Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), Energy Dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman spectroscopy respectively. The Crystallite structure of the prepared sample was analyzed through X-Ray diffractograms. The surface morphology and the presence of elements were investigated through energy dispersive spectrum. Raman spectroscopy was utilized for recording the vibrational pattern of the sample. The cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy reveals the good electrochemical performance of the Co3O4 nanomaterials.
Synthesis and Characterization of g-C3N4/ZnO Nanocomposites for Gas Sensing Application
Authors: Yethukrishnan C.S , Vangari Govind A. , Simon Patrick D , Krishna Mohan M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Air pollution is one of the prevailing issues in our atmosphere, which greatly affects humans and causes dangerous diseases. Toxic and green gases (NO2, CO2, NOx, H2S, CO, Sulphur dioxide, and CH4) are present in the ambient atmosphere arising from different industries, vehicles, and fossil fuel combustion. g-C3N4/ZnO nanocomposites were prepared via a facile hydrothermal method. The synthesized g-C3N4/ZnO samples were analyzed using FE-SEM for morphological analysis and structural parameters are confirmed by XRD. Further investigation is done on sensing films for toxic gases by varying temperature, resistance change, and gas type.
Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous SiO2nanoparticles for bio medical applications
Authors: VigneshKrishnan  , Suresh M , Kalaivani T 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAbstarct. In the present work, synthesis and characterization of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs)were examined. In this work, the synthesis of silica by co-precipitate process were used for synthesis fromPrecursor of silica tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS),NH4OH, surfactant (CTAB). Silica dioxide were confirmed byX-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis. The MesoporesSizes and N2 adsorption/desorption are carried out by BET analysis.
An Investigation on Structural Properties of Radiation Damaged ZrSiO4 Using X-Ray Diffractometry and DFT
Authors: Shastri Deepankara Vrushabhadas , John Donald Raj J , Arunachalam Kantha D 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Naturally occurring Zirconium minerals contain interstitial impurities of radioactive elements. Over a period of time due to alpha decay, the structure of minerals degrades through an internal bombardment process called metamictization. These metamict minerals proposed to be used as reference signatures for Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) Monitoring because of their unique parameters in structural properties. We have investigated structural damage of partially metamict Zirconium Silicate samples (ZrSiO4), collected from Lambapur - Peddagattu region, Andhra Pradesh, India known for larger Uranium deposits. X-Ray Diffractometry data was used to study structural parameters experimentally. Structural properties of ZrSiO4 belonging to space group I41/amd have been modeled and studied theoretically using Quantum ATK within local density approximation and generalized gradient approximation in-order to compare the structural properties obtained from the experimental data. We have investigated that the lattice parameters increased with a = 0.033 Å and c = 0.051 Å in the sample collected from proposed Uranium sites. We propose to use the lattice parameter variability of ZrSiO4 as a tracer tool in nuclear forensics.
Synthesis and functional properties of ZnO/CuO nanocomposite for gas sensing applications
Authors: Bharathi P. , Karthigeyan S. , Krishna Mohan M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
ZnO/ CuO nanocomposite is one of the promising materials for gas sensing application. The p-n heterojunction formation plays vital role by providing more gas interaction sites with the analyte gas molecules. Formation of hetero junction improves the charge transport and reduces the operating temperature. Herein we report the simple synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO/CuO nanocomposite using facile hydrothermal synthesis method. The preparedsamples confirm the hexagonal crystal structure. The morphological micrograph confirms the uniform growth of CuO nanoparticles on the ZnO matrix.
Towards the development of new generation spin-orbit photonic techniques
Authors: B S Athira , Pal Mandira , Mukherjee Sounak , Modak Niladri , Saha Sudipta , Kumar Singh Ankit , Dutta Gupta Subhasish , Nandy Dibyendu , Ghosh Nirmalya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Spin–orbit interaction deals with the interaction and coupling of spin and orbital angular momentum degrees of freedom of spinning particles, which manifests in diverse fields of physics, ranging from atomic, condensed matter to optical systems. In classical light beams, this has led to a number of non-trivial optical phenomena like spin and orbital Hall effect of light, optical Rashba effect, photonic Aharonov–Bohm effect, rotational Doppler effect, transverse spin, Belinfante’s spin-momentum and spin-momentum locking etc. These have been observed in diverse micro- and nano-scale optical systems. These have generated a new area in photonics, namely, spin-orbit photonics that not only deals with fundamental light–matter interaction effects but also opened up the feasibility of a new generation of miniaturized and on-chip integrable multifunctional photonic devices based on the angular momentum and geometrical phase of light. This paper will introduce the emerging field of spin-orbit photonics and will cover the representative spin-orbit photonic effects in a variety of light-matter interactions with examples. In this regard, we also present proof-of-concept demonstrations of two interesting techniques based on the geometrical phase of light, namely, geometrical phase polarimeter and weak value polarimeter.
Magnetic domain walls of the van der Waals material Fe3GeTe2
Authors: Yang Hung-Hsiang , Bansal Namrata , Rüßmann Philipp , Hoffmann Markus , Zhang Lichuan , Go Dongwook , Li Qili , Haghighirad Amir-Abbas , Sen Kaushik , Blügel Stefan , Le Tacon Matthieu , Mokrousov Yuriy , Wulfhekel Wulf 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Among two-dimensional materials, Fe3GeTe2 has come to occupy a very important place owing to its ferromagnetic nature with one of the highest Curie temperatures among known van der Waals materials and the potential for hosting skyrmions. In this combined experimental and theoretical work, we investigate the magnetic bubble domains as well as the microscopic domain wall profile using spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy in combination with atomistic spin-dynamics simulations performed with parameters from density functional theory calculations. We find a weak magneto-electric effect influencing the domain wall width by the electric field in the tunneling junction and determine the critical magnetic field for the collapse of the bubble domains. Our findings shed light on the origins of complex magnetism that Fe3GeTe2 exhibits.
Bipolar resistive switching in Ag/VO2(B)/SiOx/n++Si RRAM
Authors: Li Jiaping , Zhou Xin , Xu Liu , Wang Jiale , Wu Binhe , Wang Chunrui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Non-volatile resistive random-access memory (RRAM) is being promoted as a possible alternative to flash memory, however the optimal material system and sophisticated fabrication techniques hinder its utilization in practical routes. Here, we demonstrate the direct fabrication of metal/oxides/semiconductor (MOS) structured Ag/VO2(B)/SiOx/n++Si RRAM via drop-coating process, in which bipolar resistive switching behavior was obtained and investigated systematically. The RRAM devices exhibit good cycle-to-cycle endurance (>30 cycles) and high on/off ratio (>60). The switching mechanism is proposed to form Ag conducting filaments via VO2(B) nanorods’ guide by comparing the resistive switching behavior of Ag/SiOx/n++Si, Ag/VO2(B)/n++Si, Ag/VO2(B)/SiOx/n++Si devices and the corresponding SEM images before and after the application of electric field, which is confirmed by introducing NaCl barrier layer in Ag/VO2(B)-NaCl/SiOx/n++Si devices. The present study may pave a convenient route for fabricating the ultrahigh density resistive memory devices without the aid of complex fabrication techniques, as well as provide a new potential material system for RRAM.
Antibacterial self-fused supramolecular polymer hydrogel for infected wound healing
Authors: Wang Yi , Yang Zhenhua , Zhu Hua , Qiu Honggen , Li Shengjie , Yang Kaifeng , Xu Jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Wound treatment is a huge challenge for healthcare systems, especially when the wound suffered infection. Therefore, it is essential to develop materials with antibacterial properties for wound repair. Herein, we integrated antimicrobial peptides with self-healing hydrogel for infectious wound treatment. The synthetic hydrogel was made by polymerizing N-acryloyl glycinamide (NAGA) monomers and doped with antimicrobial peptide Polymyxin E. Additionally, because of the bisamide structure of the side chains of the NAGA monomers, the hydrogen bond was formed and caused the supramolecular structure. The resulted hydrogel showed excellent self-healing property, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial property, which allowed it to be used as hydrogel dressing. In vivo experiment demonstrated that the hydrogel had the significant capability in promoting infectious wound healing. Therefore, this type of antibacterial self-healing supramolecular hydrogel is expected to serve as infectious wound dressing for medical healthcare applications.
Investigation on characteristic of LED power density via tapered fiber
Authors: Li Mengqiang , Jing Xili , Zhang Lei , Guo Ying , Meng Xiaojian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a tapered fiber for improving the power density of the Light Emitting Diode (LED) was designed. Numerical simulation showed that the tapered fiber makes the LED diverging light sources converge on the microscopic area, which makes the LED available for biomedical photonic imaging in the microenvironment. Based on the Monte Carlo Ray Tracing Method, we obtained the law of spot illumination and divergence angle when the light passes through the different parameters tapered fiber. In addition, the tapered fiber was designed as a spiral shape with steadily changing slope, and the effect of the spiral-bending coefficient on the light-gathering properties of the fiber was studied. The concentrating performance of tapered fiber is related to the length, size, and spiral-bending coefficient. The tapered fiber can effectively reduce the illuminant area and improve the power density of the light source.