bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tobacco dependence and schizophrenia: Tunisian cross-sectional study of 50 cases
Authors: Jabeur M. , Gassab L. , Anes I. , Ben Haouala A. , Zaafrane F. , Gaha L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTobacco-use is currently one of the major public health problems and is more common among patients with schizophrenia.ObjectivesWe aimed in this study to estimate the prevalence of smoking in a population of patients with schizophrenia, to assess tobacco dependence and to identify its correlated factors.MethodsThis is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study carried out on 50 outpatients at the Department of Psychiatry (Tunisia) over a period of two months. For the data collection, we used: a general questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and tobacco consumption and the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence.ResultsAll the patients were male with a mean age of 32.7±7.02 years and 84% of them were tobacco consumers. More than half of the sample were single (68%) and had a primary school level (52%). A professional irregularity and low socio-economic level were found successively in 84% and 78% of cases. Half of the patients (52%) were diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia and 46% of them were treated by atypical antipsychotics. Cigarette dependence was strong or very strong in 82% according to the Fagerstrom test. A positive correlation was found between strong tobacco dependence on the one hand and low socio-economic level, professional irregularity, smoking in a first-degree relative and treatment with a typical neuroleptic on the other hand.ConclusionsOur study and data from the literature show that subjects with schizophrenia constitute a population of highly dependent smokers. A smoking cessation assistance program for this vulnerable population is a priority to improve their quality of life.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychiatric comorbidity among patients attending an addiction treatment center in Morocco
Authors: Jelti A. , Kennab F. , N’Sabi F. , Oneib B. , Elghazouani F. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe comorbidity between psychiatric disorders and substance use disorders is more and more common in daily clinical practice. However, only few studies have adressed this subject in north african patients.ObjectivesThe main objective of our study was the estimation of the prevalence and patterns of psychiatric co-morbidities in substance users seeking care.MethodsOur work consisted of a cross-sectional study of a sample of patients attending outpatient substance use treatment at the addiction center in Oujda, Morocco. A hetero-questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data and patient history, DSM-IV criteria to assess substance abuse and dependence, and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview [MINI] to assess psychiatric comorbidities.ResultsOur study involved 100 patients, with a male predominance (89% of users). The main substances used in the last 12 months were tobacco (78%), followed by cannabis (74%), alcohol (50%), and benzodiazepines (44%). Psychiatric comorbidity was identified in 71% of the users, 51% of whom had a depressive disorder, 35% an anxiety disorder and 10% a gambling disorder. The dependence on the substance that initially motivated the consultation was higher in patients with psychiatric comorbidity (p=0.033). The post-traumatic stress disorder was significantly associated with the presence of alcohol dependence (p=0.028). The presence of benzodiazepine dependence (p=0.025) and abuse of cocaine (p=0.028) and Ecstasy (p=0.000) were significantly associated with suicide risk.ConclusionsOur study found a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities among substance users seeking treatment, this should prompt clinicians to pay particular attention to this issue in order to adapt and improve their management.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Predictive factors for treatment failure in reducing alcoholic consumption by case management in alcoholics living in permanent rental apartments
Authors: Kim S.-G. , Huh S. , Kim Y.S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBased on the results showing that there are more alcoholics in the low-income bracket, case management (CM) for such cases was initiated in 2011. As a result, the treatment failure rate was identified between 43-44% based on the WHO criteria.ObjectivesWe investigated the predictive factors for the treatment failure to maximize successful CM treatment.MethodsThirty-nine subjects from Sasang-gu and Saha-gu treated by four social workers using CM were included in this study. Failure was defined when the level of risk was maintained or increased as per the WHO criteria. The clinical characteristics of the subjects including their age and gender were collected.ResultsTypically, 17 (43.6%) subjects demonstrated treatment failure by the CM (TF). Compared with the subjects who were treated successfully (n=22; TS), TF maintained abstinence in shorter periods in terms of the longest abstinent period compared with TS while CM (28.24±.99 vs. 76.82±.27, p=.025). The higher population in TF did not make an effort to quit drinking compared with TS while CM (41.2% vs.13.6%, p=.051). Also, more TF stayed with their family members compared with TS (58.8% vs. 31.8%, p=.092).ConclusionsThe results showed that shorter abstinence periods and the absence of efforts initiated to quit drinking while CM, and living with family members were the predictive factors for failure in treating alcoholics by the CM. It is presumed that influencing patients to quit drinking and encouraging them to abstain for longer periods are crucial to attaining successful treatment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Development of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms after intensive care - how to prevent it?
Authors: Teixeira T. , Quarenta J. , Martins S. , Almeida A. , Ribeiro B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionOver the last decade, there has been identified that critical illness survivors have high rates of psychiatric disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The experience of admission to intensive care units (ICU) and illusory memories may cause short and long-term psychological disorders.ObjectivesTo evaluate psychiatric disorders, such as PTSD, after ICU discharge, and determine the prevalence, risk factors, and prevention strategies for PTSD in these patients.Methods
Non-systematic review through research in PubMed. Addicionally, a case report will be exposed, after the patient was diagnosed with SARS‑CoV‑2 and stayed in ICU for more than 30 days.Results
The development of PTSD has been related to the number of adverse memories patients recall from their ICU experience. Some studies have shown that approximately 47% of patients remember real facts and 34% have illusory memories relative to their stays in the ICU. There were identified some risk factor associated to the increased risk of post-ICU PTSD, such as early post-ICU memories or psychotic experiences, pre-ICU psychopathology, benzodiazepine sedation during ICU and substantial acute stress symptoms occurring < 1 month after exposure to a traumatic stressor.ConclusionsHigh levels of anxiety and the development by patients of PTSD are being recognized as significant problems occurring after a stay in an ICU. The results of this study highlight the need to recognise the risk factors and to establish a early follow-up after ICU stay. This way is possible to identify patients who are at risk of developing acute PTSD-related symptoms, and early intervention can be institued.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Suicide attempts in patients with acute and transient psychotic disorders in in-patient centers in Latvia 2014-2019
Authors: Germanenko I. , Vrubleska J. , Rancans E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAcute and transient psychotic disorders (ATPDs) are a group of diagnoses with acute onset and polymorphic psychotic symptoms, divided into 6 subtypes, which may or may not associate with acute stress. Suicide is a serious public health problem, having long-lasting effects on social well-being and economics. The prevalence of suicide attempts (SA) in Latvia remains unknown, several studies are currently in progress.ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of SA among patients with ATPDs and features of this subgroup of patients.MethodsRetrospective study based on socio-demographic data and additional diagnoses of all patients with ATPDs provided by the National Center of Statistics of Diseases.ResultsThere were 1779 patients with ATDPs in 2014-2019, 44 people were admitted with a SA (24 men, 54.5%). There was a significant difference between sexes in the mean age – 39.64±14.66 for women, 31.94±11.88 for men (p<.001), as well as in case of associated acute stress – 37.61±12.95 with and 35.33±13.15 without it (p=.01). There were no differences in age or ATPDs subtypes between patients with SA and without one. Men with SA abused alcohol in everyday life more than women and men without SA (20%,p<.001), women with SA had acculturational difficulties more often than men and women without SA (45%,p<.001). Intentional self-harm by sharp objects was more common among men (p<.001), intentional self-poisoning among women (p<.001).ConclusionsThe prevalence of SA among patients with ATPDs was 2.47%. Factors, which were more commonly observed in patients with SA were alcohol consumption and acculturational difficulties. Types of self-harming differ between sexes.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Possible utility of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of suicidal risk in mood disorders
Authors: Flamini W. , Torrigiani S. , Mucci F. , Ivaldi T. , Marazziti D. , Dell’Osso L. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Correlations between neutrophil/lymphocyte, platelet/lymphocyte, and monocyte/lymphocyte ratios (NLR, PLR, and MLR, respectively) and psychopathological and clinical variables in the context of mood disorders are increasingly emerging in international scientific literature, being the former one of the most studied. The estimation of suicidal risk associated to affective disorders could benefit from such rapidly and easily available biomarker of inflammation, if significant in this regard.ObjectivesThe present review would like to focus on any existing correlations between NLR and suicidal risk in patients with mood disorders.MethodsWe sourced articles on the topic found in major scientific literature databases, combining the keywords “neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio”, “NLR”, “mood disorders”, “major depressive disorder”, “bipolar disorder” and “suicide risk”.ResultsThere are congruent findings of significantly higher NLR values in depressed patients attempting suicide than in depressed patients with no suicidal behaviors or healthy controls. In addition, violent means appear typical in this subgroup of depressed suicidal patients, suggesting that patients with higher levels of NLR are at risk of attempting suicide and to be successful in self-harming. Similar results have been found in patients with bipolar disorder, showing a positive correlation between NRL and suicide risk, evaluated by the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). Moreover, in patients with a positive family history for suicide attempts, NRL was found to be a significant positive predictor of suicide risk.ConclusionsThese findings, although limited, support the notion that NLR might be a useful marker for suicide vulnerability in both BD and MDD patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Ingestion of Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizer: A case report
Authors: Gutierrez Higueras T. , Calera Cortés F. , Hernández Gajate B. , Servin López E.D. , Sainz De La Cuesta Alonso S. , Vicent Forés S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlcohol-based hand sanitizers containing ethanol or isopropanol are being used in order to prevent person-to-person transmission during the COVID-19. Early signs and symptoms of this ingestion include nausea, vomiting, headache, abdominal pain, blurred vision, loss of coordination, and decreased level of consciousness. After hand sanitizer ingestion we have to suspect about methanol poisoning, monitoring the start of anion-gap metabolic acidosis, seizures, and blindness is essential. Treatment includes supportive care, acidosis correction, and the administration of an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor. In servere cases hemodialysis may be required.Objectives
To present a case of an 29-year-old woman who was taken to the emergency department after voluntary ingestion of alcohol-based hand sanitizer in a suicide attempt. To describe the most common side effects of hand sanitizer ingestion and the literature review.MethodsClinical case presentation and literature review of similar cases.ResultsA 29-year-old woman, with diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and previous suicide attempts was taken to the emergency department after 3 hours of voluntary ingestion of an unknown quantity of alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Initial laboratory findings showed laboratory a blood methanol concentration of 66 mg/dL, with an anion gap of 30 mEq/L, arterial blood pH of 7.2, serum bicarbonate concentration of 12 mEq/L. Patient complained of abdominal pain and nervoussness.ConclusionsMost common signs and symptoms of alcohol-based hand sanitizer ingestion include nausea, vomiting, headache, abdominal pain, blurred vision, loss of coordination, and decreased level of consciousness. Treatment includes supportive care, acidosis correction, the administration of an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor and sometimes may be required.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The association between melatonin and suicide: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Høier N. , Madsen T. , Spira A. , Hawton K. , Jennum P. , Nordentoft M. , Erlangsen A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMelatonin is often prescribed to patients experiencing sleep disturbances, which has been linked to elevated risks of suicide. However, it remains to be assessed whether melatonin is associated with suicide and suicide attempts.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate whether individuals in treatment with melatonin had higher rates of suicide and suicide attempt when compared to individuals not in treatment.MethodsUsing longitudinal data on all persons aged 10+ years living in Denmark between 2007-2016 were obtained. Data from the National Prescription Register was used to identify periods of being in treatment with melatonin based on number of tablets and daily defined dose. Suicide and suicide attempt were identified in hospital and cause of death registries.ResultsAmong 5,798,923 included individuals, 10,577 (0.18%) were in treatment with melatonin (mean treatment length 50 days). Out of 5,952 individuals who died by suicide, 22 (0.37%) were in melatonin treatment, while 134 (0.53%) out of 25,136 had a first suicide attempt. After adjustment for sex and age-group, people in treatment with melatonin were found to have a higher rate of suicide (IRR: 4.2; 95% CI, 2.7-6.4) and suicide attempt (IRR: 6.7-fold (95% CI, 5.7-7.9) when compared to those not in treatment.ConclusionsTreatment with melatonin was associated with higher rates of suicide and suicide attempt. The association might be explained through mediators, such as psychiatric comorbidity and sleep disorders. Our findings indicate that attention towards these issues might be warranted.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Perspectives of trainees and examiners on communication skills assessment during online postgraduate psychiatry examination in Ireland
Authors: Usman M. , Mccarthy G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCovid-19 pandemic caused a pivot to online clinical education and assessment across the globe.ObjectivesTo explore the views of psychiatric trainees and examiners on assessment of communication skills during online high stakes postgraduate examination.MethodsThis study was designed as interpretive descriptive qualitative research. All candidates and examiners of the online Irish Basic Specialist Training exam in September and November 2020 were included. The respondents were interviewed by Zoom which were transcribed verbatim. Data was coded using NVivo20 pro and Braun and Clarke thematic analysis was used to draw various themes and subthemes.ResultsA total of seven candidates and seven examiners from different training deaneries and specialties were interviewed with average duration of 29m 45s and 24m 20s respectively. The participants were largely satisfied with the online examination but did not consider it equal to face-to-face for picking nonverbal cues. The candidates were very conscious of eye contact while examiners placed more emphasis on overall professional behavior and patient engagement. All candidates preferred to continue online format post pandemic for practical reasons e.g., avoiding travel and overnight stay, while all examiners preferred to go back to in-person Objective Structured Clinical Examination due to some limitations in assessing physical and cognitive examination. However, continuation of online Clinical Formulation and Management Examination was agreed by both groups.ConclusionsThe results of the study have shown different insights of two important stakeholders in a professional postgraduate psychiatry examination which can be useful to improve same exam and design similar assessments in other settings.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Joint Forces for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Training: 1st ESCAP/UEMS-CAP/EFPT Training Day for CAP Trainees
Authors: Seker A. , Kotsis K. , Deschamps P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAs the Covid-19 pandemic brought about travel and social restrictions, many activities including specialty training events for medical specialty trainees moved online. The European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees, European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and hild and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP) Section of UEMS joined forces to turn challenges into an opportunity for CAP trainees and jointly organized the 1st ESCAP/UEMS-CAP/EFPT Training Day.ObjectivesThe main aim was to offer CAP trainees throughout Europe high quality and up to date training content free of charge, making use of the different strengths of the organizing associations.MethodsContent of the Training Day was prepared according to feedback and demand from CAP trainees, collected through a questionnaire prior to the event. This event took place online and ran 9 webinars/workshops as well as a plenary case session where trainees presented real life cases made more challenging with the pandemic and representatives from 3 organizing associations discussed the cases from different perspectives. Remaining webinars/workshops covered a wide range of themes including but not limited to research, leadership, administrative and management skills as well as scientific topics such as eating disorders, medically unexplained symptoms, psychosis.ResultsAlmost 200 CAP trainees from 31 countries participated in the event and received certificates of completion. The outcome of the event is being evaluated via quantitative and qualitative methods and similar events will be planned accordingly.Conclusions1st ESCAP/UEMS-CAP/EFPT Training Day for CAP trainees was a success for reaching many trainees from across Europe and experimenting with different formats which will inspire future initiatives.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Taking back control of the Data. Developing an all in one System to monitor training post quality and provide trainer feedback
Authors: Mudunkotuwe J. , Schmidt M. , Khan A. , Sahlsberg T. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionWe will present experience developing a system for monitoring training placements in psychiatry and community paediatrics, and how this was expanded to provide an automated anonymised MSF for trainers for annual appraisal and will identify trainers in need of additional support and other post/training programme issues. The session will be of interest to educators and medical education leads with practical tips and lessons learnt over the last 8 years since the system was first developed.ObjectivesThe system was also used to identify trainers in need of additional support and other post/training programme issues.MethodsWe used an electronic system to gain the infromation as stated in the introduction.ResultsOver the last 8 years we have collected data using this system. the results for our trust will be displayed annoymously but the system is the ficus of this presenation.ConclusionsThe advantages of the system are that it runs throughout the year (so covers each post and placement), has high trainee response rates, has no selection bias (compared with some other MSF systems) and the results are embedded within local quality systems and individual consultant appraisals. The data that the system collects can help provide robust evidence when investigating concerns that might only arise periodically (for example through the annual GMC trainee survey in the UK). We believe that this system will be applicable for doctors providing training in other countries and empowers the improvement of psychiatric training for the profession.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Women’s access to mental health care in Tunisia
Authors: Bergaoui E. , Zrelli M. , Staali N. , Moalla M. , Lansari R. , Larnaout A. , Melki W. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTunisia is viewed as an advanced country in terms of women’s rights in the Arab world. However, women are more exposed than men to many specific risk factors which greatly contribute to threaten their mental health.ObjectivesThe main objective of this study was to find out the sociodemographic and clinical profiles of women admitted in Razi psychiatric hospital and their access to mental health services.MethodsA cross sectional and descriptive survey was conducted between March and April 2021 in the department of psychiatry D of Razi Hospital including 40 female inpatients.ResultsThe majority of patients had low (37.1%) to moderate (61.9%) socio economic status, with primary education (40%), secondary education (20%) and higher education (28.6%). The majority was unemployed (68.8%). A significant difference was observed between adherence to treatment and family support (p=0.04). It was mainly the father or the husband who was taking care of the patient in 50% of cases. The first psychiatric consultation was 2.68 years after having symptoms. Hospitalization was about 4.94 years later. Twenty five percent of them have seen a tradipractioner before consulting. About 46.87% of patients had conflicts with a member of her family and 15.62% of them were victims of either domestic or family violence. The main diagnoses were mood disorders (31.4%) and schizophrenia (42.9%) Time between symptoms onset and hospitalisation was significantly associated with socioeconomic status (p=0.047) and cultural beliefs (p=0.026).ConclusionsThe protection of women’s mental health is not only a medical challenge but also a cultural and political one.DisclosureNo significant relationships.