bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Agrarian Development of Siberia in the Second Half of the 19th and Early 20th Centuries
Authors: Ilinykh Vladimir A. 
Published: December 2022

The post-frontier is the least studied stage of the Siberian frontier. The aim of the paper is to analyze the functioning of Siberia within the framework of the post-frontier and identify the mechanisms and consequences of the region's going beyond its borders. The study also provides a brief description of the features of the early and active frontier. The agrarian development of Siberia, which largely determined the frontier processes, provides a basis for the subject area of the paper.
As a result of the study, it was concluded that the zone of the active frontier in Siberia was constantly shifting. Its most developed territory entered the post-frontier stage. One of the features of the Siberian post-frontier was the formation of a sub-ethnos of the Great Russian ethnos on its territory, namely, the Siberian old-timers. The agrarian system of Siberia at this stage of development also had qualitative features. The specificity of the region was determined by its logistical isolation from the main territory of Russia. The Trans-Siberian Railway put an end to it and allowed the start of mass agrarian migration. One of its consequences, among others, was the beginning of the process of de-ethnicization which ended in the Soviet period. The ethno-social result of collectivization, industrialization, urbanization, and the Cultural Revolution was the transformation of the Siberians from a sub-ethnos of the Russian nation into its geographical group. The agrarian system of the region also lost its qualitative differences. As a result, Western Siberia and a significant part of Eastern Siberia became parts of the Russian heartland.
Efectividad de programas de intervención escolar orientada la reducción de la obesidad infantil: Una revisión sistemática (Effectiveness of school intervention programs to reduce childhood obesity)
Authors: Maldonado Soto Judith , Castillo-Quezada Humberto , Hernandez Mosqueira Claudio , Sandoval-Obando Eduardo 
Published: December 2022

La prevalencia de la obesidad ha ido en un acelerado aumento en todo el mundo convirtiéndose en una de las preocupaciones de salud pública más desafiantes del siglo XXI. La escuela constituye uno de los lugares más favorables a la hora de orientar la conducta del niño mediante estilos de vida saludables, debido al gran número de horas que los estudiantes permanecen en ella y la cantidad de años de su formación académica. El objetivo fue determinar qué tipo de intervención escolar presenta mayores beneficios en la reducción de los índices de obesidad en escolares entre 6 a 12 años. Se revisaron artículos publicados entre los años 2014 y 2020 en las siguientes bases de datos: Sciencedirect, Scielo y Pubmed, utilizando para ello las recomendaciones de la guía PRISMA. Se contabilizaron 656 artículos, tras la eliminación de la lectura de resúmenes (615), lectura de texto completo (41) donde solo 6 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Se concluye que los programas de intervención analizados de carácter multimodal, principalmente donde se incluía la actividad física y hábitos alimenticios, son los más efectivos para la reducción de la obesidad en niños entre 6 y 12 años.
Palabras clave: Obesidad; Niños; Escuela; Programas
Abstract. The prevalence of obesity has been increasing rapidly throughout the world, becoming one of the most challenging public health concerns of the 21st century. The school is one of the most favorable places when it comes to guiding the child's behavior through healthy lifestyles, due to the large number of hours that students remain in it and the number of years of their academic training. The objective was to determine what type of school intervention has the greatest benefits in reducing obesity rates in schoolchildren between 6 and 12 years of age. Articles published between 2014 and 2020 in the following databases were reviewed: Sciencedirect, Scielo and Pubmed, using the recommendations of the PRISMA guide. 656 articles were counted, after the elimination of abstract reading (615), full text reading (41) where only 6 met the inclusion criteria. It is concluded that the multimodal intervention programs analyzed, mainly where physical activity and eating habits were included, are the most effective for reducing obesity in children between 6 and 12 years of age.
Key Words: Obesity, Child; School; Program.
Strategi dan efisiensi pemasaranikan bandeng (chanos chanos.) oleh petani tambak di desa Tratebang Kecamatan Wonokerto Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Wiharso, dan  R. Pramono Nur Agil Wibowo, 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran, marjin pemasaran, farmer's share dan efisiensi pemasaran Ikan Bandeng. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Tratebang Kecamatan Wonokerto Kabupaten Pekalongan pada bulan Februari sampai dengan Maret 2021. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Mengambil responden 30 petani tambak menggunakan metode random sampling. Responden pedagang pengumpul 3 orang, pedagang besar 3 orang dan pedagang pengecer 8 orang dengan metode snowball sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara terstruktur, kuisoner, observasi dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : 1). Saluran pemasaran ikan bandeng ada 4 saluran. 2). Strategi SWOT : Meningkatkan produksi ikan bandeng.,Memperluas jangkauan pemasaran ikan bandeng agar semakin dikenal di luar kota., Memaksimalkan potensi dari ikan bandeng. Ketersediaan fasilitas dan infrastruktur untuk memasarkan ikan bandeng. 3). saluran pemasaran yang relatif efisien adalah saluran 1 dengan nilai marjin pemasaran sebesar Rp 4.000 /kg, nilai farmer’s share sebesar 82,61 persen, dan nilai rasio keuntungan terhadap biaya sebesar 1.64
Analisis Kepuasan Pengunjung Dan Pengembangan Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana Di Desa Gondang, Kecamatan Limbangan, Kabupaten Kendal
Authors: Harum Sitepu dan  Sulistyowati Heny Kartika, 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepuasan pengunjung Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana dan bagaimana cara pengembangan Agrowisata tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif deskriptif melalui Analisis SWOT, pengambilan sampel dengan metode accidental sampling, dan pengumpulan data dengan interview, kuesioner (Angket), dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) kepuasan pengunjung dengan variabel Sumber Daya Manusia didapat 77,3% (Puas), Sumber Daya Alam didapat 78 % (Puas), Sarana dan Prasarana didapat 78,6% (Puas), Harga didapat 72% (Puas), Emosi didapat 92% (Sangat Puas). 2) pengembangan Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana masuk dalam posisi kuadaran II yang artinya Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana menghadapi berbagai ancaman tetapi masih memiliki kekuatan dalam segi internal. Alternatif strategi tersebut berupa S-O, S-T, W-O, dan W-T. Kesimpulan : kepuasan pengunjung terhadap Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana dikatakan puas yaitu dengan rata-rata 79,6%. Sedangkan alternatif strategi pengembangan Agrowisata Lembah Nirwana menggunakan Analisis SWOT terdiri atas enam alternatif strategi yaitu, memperbanyak spot foto yang unik dan khas, membuat acara pada saat akhir pekan, membuat tim khusus promosi, menerapkan perkembangan teknologi dalam sistem kerja, meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dan fasilitas, serta melakukan kerjasama dengan berbagai pihak untuk melakukan acara.
Kinetics of Tyrosinase Inhibition, Antioxidant Activity, Total Flavonoid Content and Analysis of Averrhoa bilimbi L. Extracts and its Fruit Vinegar Using FTIR and Multivariate Methods
Authors: Thummajitsakul Sirikul , Silprasit Kun 
Published: December 2022

Melanin is a natural substance responsible for human skin pigmentation. Tyrosinase is known as a key enzyme involved in melanin production; therefore, hyperactivity of this enzyme leads to hyperpigmentation in human. In current study, leaves and fruits of Averrhoa bilimbi L. were extracted with ethanol and water solvents, and its fruit vinegar was produced by fermenting fresh fruits with sugar at room temperature for 10 days. The leaf and aqueous extracts of A. bilimbi L. and its fruit vinegar were investigated for tyrosinase inhibitory activity using L-DOPA as substrates, antioxidant activity using 2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation decolorization assay and total flavonoid content (TFC) using aluminium chloride colorimetric method. Moreover, kinetic study of anti-tyrosinase activity of A. bilimbi extracts and its fruit vinegar, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and principal component analysis (PCA) were carried out. The result indicated ethanol extracts from A. bilimbi fruits and leaves showed the highest TFC and anti-tyrosinase activity, whereas aqueous extracts of its fruits and leaves showed the highest radical scavenging activity. Interestingly, the result revealed the existence of TFC, radical scavenging activity and anti-tyrosinase activity in the vinegar sample. The anti-tyrosinase potential of the fruit and leaf ethanol extracts of A. bilimbi was identified as an uncompetitive inhibitor (Km= 0.54 and 0.51 µM, Vmax= 0.0173 and 0.0146 O.D.450/min, respectively). Positive correlation was significantly found between radical scavenging activity and TFC, between anti-tyrosinase activity and TFC, between FTIR data and TFC, and between FTIR data and anti-tyrosinase activity, (r = 0.83, 0.56, 0.66, 0.75; p-value < 0.05, respectively). Therefore, the extracts and fruit vinegar of A. bilimbi L. could be considered as natural source of an anti-tyrosinase compounds for cosmetics and healthy foods.
HIGHLIGHTS

The ethanol extracts and fruit vinegar showed high flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and anti-tyrosinase activity
The anti-tryrosinase potential was identified as an uncompetitive inhibitor
Positive correlation was significantly found between chemical and biological data
FTIR, PCA and cluster analysis showed differentiation between extracts and its fruit vinegar

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Türk Romanında Milli Mücadele Dönemi'nin Merkezi Ankara'ya Genel Bir Bakış
Authors: GÖRGÜLÜ Pelin 
Published: December 2022

İki bin beş yüz yılı aşkın süredir var olan Ankara, Anadolu topraklarının en eski yerleşim yerlerinden biridir. Milli mücadele yıllarına gelene kadar çevresindeki savaşlara uzaktan bakmış, Kurtuluş Savaşı’na ve Cumhuriyet’in ilanına yakından şahitlik etmiş, hürriyet ve istikbal mücadelesini bizzat yaşamıştır. O yıllarda Ankara, ülke topraklarının kaderini değiştiren önemli olaylara ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Stratejik konumu, telgraf ve demiryolları ağı ile düşman işgali altında olan yerlere yakınlığı, şehrin güvenli bir yere kurulduğunu göstermekteydi. 27 Aralık 1919’da Gazi Paşa’nın Dikmen sırtlarından Ankara’ya gelmesiyle şehir, milli mücadelenin kalbi olmuştur. 1923’te yeni devletin -Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin- başkenti olan bu küçük taşra kasabası, bir harekatın bedeni ve büyük bir fikrin sembolüdür. Ankara’nın siyasal karargah olmasının yanında bütün bu yaşananlarla beraber, şehrin edebi hayatta da etkin bir rol oynadığını görmekteyiz. Anadolu’nun ortasında çorak, bakımsız, küçük bir taşra kasabası olan şehir, milli mücadele romanlarına büyük ölçüde kaynaklık etmiştir.. Bu dönemde yazarlarımız, ölüm kalım mücadelesi veren Türk milletine moral olmuş, cephe gerisindeki Türk askerine yazılarıyla destek olmuşlardır.
Bu çalışmamızda Ankara’nın milli mücadele yıllardaki durumu seçtiğimiz eserler üzerinden tasvir edilerek incelenecektir. Çalışmamıza kaynak edecek olan eserler ise Halide Edip Adıvar- Türk’ün Ateşle İmtihanı, Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu-Ankara, Aka Gündüz - Dikmen Yıldızı olarak belirlenmiştir.
Changes in the annual sea ice freeze–thaw cycle in the Arctic Ocean from 2001 to 2018
Authors: Lin Long , Lei Ruibo , Hoppmann Mario , Perovich Donald K. , He Hailun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The annual sea ice freeze–thaw cycle plays a crucial role in the
Arctic atmosphere—ice–ocean system, regulating the seasonal energy balance
of sea ice and the underlying upper-ocean. Previous studies of the sea ice
freeze–thaw cycle were often based on limited accessible in situ or easily
available remotely sensed observations of the surface. To better understand
the responses of the sea ice to climate change and its coupling to the upper
ocean, we combine measurements of the ice surface and bottom using
multisource data to investigate the temporal and spatial variations in the
freeze–thaw cycle of Arctic sea ice. Observations by 69 sea ice mass balance
buoys (IMBs) collected from 2001 to 2018 revealed that the average ice basal
melt onset in the Beaufort Gyre occurred on 23 May (±6 d),
approximately 17 d earlier than the surface melt onset. The average ice
basal melt onset in the central Arctic Ocean occurred on 17 June (±9 d), which was comparable with the surface melt onset. This difference was
mainly attributed to the distinct seasonal variations of oceanic heat
available to sea ice melt between the two regions. The overall average onset
of basal ice growth of the pan Arctic Ocean occurred on 14 November (±21 d), lagging approximately 3 months behind the surface freeze
onset. This temporal delay was caused by a combination of cooling the sea
ice, the ocean mixed layer, and the ocean subsurface layer, as well as the
thermal buffering of snow atop the ice. In the Beaufort Gyre region, both
(Lagrangian) IMB observations (2001–2018) and (Eulerian) moored upward-looking sonar (ULS) observations (2003–2018) revealed a trend towards
earlier basal melt onset, mainly linked to the earlier warming of the
surface ocean. A trend towards earlier onset of basal ice growth was also
identified from the IMB observations (multiyear ice), which we attributed to
the overall reduction of ice thickness. In contrast, a trend towards delayed
onset of basal ice growth was identified from the ULS observations, which
was explained by the fact that the ice cover melted almost entirely by the
end of summer in recent years.
Linear and ponderal growth changes in boys and girls from Puerto Madryn (Patagonia, Argentina) between 2001 and 2016
Authors: Navazo Bárbara , Dahinten Silvia Lucrecia 
Published: December 2022

Background: The phenotypic plasticity in growth pattern that takes place over time is described as “secular trend”. The presence of secular changes evidences shifts in the environmental conditions under which a population lives. In this regard, the study of the population residing in the northeast of Argentine Patagonia is interesting because it underwent a rapid demographic growth and urban sprawl in the last 50 years.
Objective: To compare height and body weight of two groups of boys and girls between 6 and 14 years old from Puerto Madryn (northeast of Argentine Patagonia) and estimate secular trend changes during the first decades of 21st century.
Sample and Methods: Height and body weight of two groups of schoolchildren were compared. Data of the first group (G1) was collected in the 2001–2006 period, and of the second (G2) during 2014–2016.
To analyze the comparison between groups, the Friedman and Wilcoxon test (p < 0.05) were used. Centile values (3rd, 50th and 97th) of the variables by sex and age in both groups were also calculated. Then, they were compared using the Wilcoxon test.
Results: Both sexes showed statistically significant differences for height in all centiles and for body weight in the 50th and 97th centiles. G2 values were above G1 for most ages.
Conclusion: Boys and girls from Puerto Madryn show a positive secular trend in linear and ponderal growth patterns. These changes, registered during the first decades of the 21st century, are possibly related to the urban sprawl of the city and the variations in the associated socio-environmental and demographic conditions.
Prevalence of cystic ovary in women with DM and other risk factors
Authors: Hussain Nada Adnan 
Published: December 2022

Three hundred women were enlisted from among the female patients of Baghdad Province clinics for the research. In accordance with the PCOS diagnostic criteria provided by the Iraqi Ministry of Health, all cases considered to be PCOS patients exhibited at least one of the following symptoms: oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, or abnormal uterine bleeding; hyperandrogenism; or polycystic ovaries. In order to establish the diagnosis, it is necessary to rule out other potential causes of hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries. Patients with mental disorders, dementia, Alzheimer's, Alzheimer's, hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, and malignant tumors were not included in the study. Women averaged 26.23 (4.88), 160.05 (8.42), and 63.96 (13.15) years old. There was a mean age of menarche of 12.69 (1.474) years. Among the women, 153 (50.8%) were doctors, while 113 (37.54%) were students at universities. Sixty-nine out of 179 students (59.46%) achieved graduation. Of these women, only 118 (38.1%) have PCOS. In addition, 112 (37.0%) think that ultrasonography is the gold standard for diagnosing PCOS. Inconclusion, there was no statistically significant difference in the total number of births between the "No PCOS group" and the "PCOS group," according to the results of this research. There was no noticeable change in menstruation onset.
PENDAMPINGAN PEMBUATAN BIOPORI MELALUI PEMANFAATAN LAHAN TERBATAS DI KELURAHAN SIALANG PALEMBANG
Authors: Basri Hasan , Rozalena Agustin , Prihatini Lishapsari 
Published: December 2022

Berkurangnya lahan terbuka dan tidak lancarnya saluran air mengakibatkan genangan air dan banjir menjadi alasan beberapa ruas jalan dan wilayah di Kota Palembang. Pergerakkan air yang tidak lancar ini mengakibatkan luapan air yang berlebihan. Salah satu bentuk kepedulian dan aksi nyata atas permasalahan lingkungan tersebut, tim pelaksana pengabdian kepada masyarakat menginsiasi pendampingan pembuatan lubang resapan biopori lahan terbuka yang sempit. Salah satu wilayah di perkotaan yang tedampak banjir adalah KelurahanSialang Kecamatan Sako. Dua rukun tetangga yang akan menjadi lokasi kegiatan ini, yaitu RT 01 dan RT 61. Inisiasi pembuatan lubang biopori ini merupakan kesepakatan dengan warga untuk mengurangi genangan atau banjir di pemukiman. Kegiatan pelaksanaan pendampingan dilakukan dengan metode partisipasi antara masyarakat, tim pelaksana dari perguruan tinggi dan pihak kelurahan serta kecamatan. Kegiatan berlangsung melalui lima tahapan aksi, yaitu pra persiapan, persiapan, pelaksanaan serta monitoring dan evaluasi. Sosialisasi juga dilakukan untuk mengenalkan apa yang dimaksud pembuatan biopori, fungsi dan manfaat jangka pendek dan panjang. Untuk membuat lunbang biopori dibutuhkan pipa PVC. Hasil kegiatan ini adanya kerjasama partisipatif dari masyarakat melalui kesadaran dan memahami bahwa pembuatan biopori adalah salah satu cara yang efektif dalam pencegahan banjir. Rekomendasi kagiatan ini adalah pentingnya meningkatkan kolaborasi antara perguruan tinggi, masyarakat dan pemerintah daerah untuk mengimplementasikan kebijakan pro perubahan iklim yang dimulai dari lingkungan rumah sendiri.
Drilled Bear Canine Teeth from an Archaeological Site in East-Central Kansas
Authors: Hoard Robert J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A minimum of 14 drilled bear canine teeth associated with 5 human teeth and fragmented bone from a surface exposure in east-central Kansas indicate contact between groups participating in the Hopewell social network in the American Midwest. Drilled, polished, ground, and scored bear teeth, along with a range of exotic and symbolic artifacts, are characteristic of Hopewell burial sites. The Kansas site, 14LY405, where the bear teeth were found marks the southwestern extent of the known distribution of sites with a specific kind of drilled bear canines and helps define the boundary of the Hopewell social network in the Great Plains.
PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN PEMBATASAN KEGIATAN WILAYAH BALI TERHADAP KELUARAN EMISI GAS BUANG KENDARAAN (CO DAN NOX) DI JALAN IMAM BONJOL DENPASAR PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Eka Suartawan Putu , Sukmayasa I Made , Mardikawati Budi 
Published: December 2022

Akibat peningkatan jumlah masyarakat yang terdampak Covid-19, pemerintah memberlakukan pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat (PPKM) untuk memutus mata rantai penyebaran virus tersebut, tidak terkecuali Provinsi Bali. Dengan adanya pembatasan ini tentunya akan memengaruhi jumlah emisi gas buang yang dihasilkan akibat penurunan jumlah perjalanan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan analisis mengenai emisi gas buang dengan pelebaran jalan sebelum pandemi covid-19 serta emisi gas buang dengan pelebaran jalan setelah pandemi covid-19. Dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan pemodelan vissim yang telah dikalibrasi menggunakan data inventarisasi jalan, kecepatan, dan volume yang kemudian dapat menentukan keluaran emisi kendaraan. Uji validitas menggunakan uji Indenpendent Sample T-test. Dari hasil penelitian didapat bahwa penurunan emisi gas buang paling drastis terjadi di Simpang Nakula yaitu untuk gas karbon monoksida (CO) sebesar 26.646,27 gram/jam dan NOx sebesar 5.384,4 gram/jam. Sementara simpang yang lain juga mengalami penurunan. Untuk Simpang Soputan terjadi penurunan gas karbon monoksida (CO) sebesar 17.326,18 gram/jam dan NOx sebesar 3.371,18 gram/jam. Serta Simpang Pulau Galang terjadi penurunan gas karbon monoksida (CO) sebesar 10.154,83 gram/jam dan NOx sebesar 1.975,76 gram/jam.
OPTIMALISASI PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI FRESH WATER GENERATOR ( STUDI KASUS KAPAL KM TANTO TANGGUH)
Authors: Insani Ilham Chairul , Ghifari Ilham 
Published: December 2022

Permasalahan yang sering terjadi dalam fresh water generator yaitu aliran air biasa dan laut pada saluraan tidak lancar dimana temperatur yang tidak standar pada fresh water generator, dan pergerakan atau kotoran yang menempel pada permukaan plat-plat baik itu pada evaporator maupun kondensor yang timbul akibat terjadinya penguapan pada evaporator dan pengembunan yaitu pada kondensor. Hal tersebut berakibat pada tidak optimalnya kinerja fresh water generator, menurunnya kuantitas dan kualitas produksi air tawar yang mengganggu konsumsi kebutuhan air tawar di atas kapal. Berdasarkan hal tersebut faktor penyebabnya dapat berasal dari kevakuman yang tidak tercapai, adanya gangguan bagian evaporator dan bagian kondensor. Perlu dilakukan penanganan berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, maka penelitian dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan kinerja fresh water generator.