bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myeloma patients’ experiences of a supervised physical activity programme: a qualitative study
Authors: Land Joanne , Hackett Julia , Sidhu Govundeep , Heinrich Malgorzata , McCourt Orla , Yong Kwee L. , Fisher Abi , Beeken Rebecca J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The Myeloma: Advancing Survival Cancer Outcomes Trial (MASCOT) tested the impact of a supervised exercise programme on fatigue, clinical, and patient-reported outcomes in multiple myeloma [MM] patients. The current study explored MM patients’ experiences of the programme to guide future interventions.

Methods
Purposive sampling was used to recruit stable MM patients participating in MASCOT. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Six themes were identified. Key drivers for participation in MASCOT were “Altruism and extended cancer care”; participants wanted to give something back and assist in improving post-treatment care for MM patients, especially as after treatment “Barriers to being physically active” were a fear of damage and lack of health professional guidance. “Influences fostering change within the intervention” included physiotherapy supervision and tailored exercises, which gave participants confidence to push themselves in a safe environment and broke down misconceptions about their body. “Social support”, from both family and peers in the programme, promoted motivation and adherence. Participants expressed concerns about “Maintaining things going forward” but had identified mechanisms to aid continuation. “Physical and mental benefits” of the programme were highlighted; participants were able to do things they couldn’t before and described feeling free from the constraints of MM.

Conclusions
A post-treatment exercise intervention for MM patients was a positive experience, which enhanced participants’ physical and psychological wellbeing. Tailored gym and home-based exercises, a specialist cancer physiotherapist, and sustained support were perceived to be important for success.

Implications for cancer survivors
Exercise support for MM patients, ideally with physiotherapist supervision, should be incorporated into survivorship care to qualitatively improve patients’ quality of life, self-efficacy, and mental wellbeing.
Autistic Traits, Empathizing–Systemizing, and Gender Diversity
Authors: Hendriks Olivia , Wei Yimeng , Warrier Varun , Richards Gareth 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrevious research indicates a link between autism and transgender and gender-diverse identities, though the association is not yet fully understood. The current study examined autistic traits (Autism Spectrum Quotient [AQ]), empathizing (Empathizing Quotient-Short [EQ-S]), and systemizing (Systemizing Quotient-Short [SQ-S]) in a sample of 89 adults and aimed to test whether gender-diverse individuals exhibit cognitive profiles consistent with predictions derived from the Extreme Male Brain (EMB) theory. As most research has considered only cisgender people, we recruited a more diverse sample by contacting > 200 UK LGBTQ+ organizations and posting on social media. A range of non-cisgender identities (e.g., transgender male, transgender female, non-binary, genderqueer, transmasculine) and non-heterosexual orientations (e.g., bisexual) were represented, and participants were categorized into one of four groups: (1) assigned female at birth but does not identify as female (transgender AFAB) (n = 32), (2) cisgender female (n = 21), (3) assigned male at birth but does not identify as male (transgender AMAB) (n = 18), and (4) cisgender male (n = 18). After controlling for age and autism diagnostic status, transgender AFAB participants had marginally higher AQ scores, and significantly higher SQ-S and systemizing-relative-to-empathizing (D) scores, compared with the cisgender female group. No such differences were detected between the transgender AMAB and cisgender male groups. Our findings are broadly in line with predictions derived from the EMB theory, though as no transgender AFAB participants reported being heterosexual, it was not possible to determine whether these effects relate specifically to gender identity, to sexual orientation, or to both.
ModelOps for enhanced decision-making and governance in emergency control rooms
Authors: Lefevre Kay , Arora Chetan , Lee Kevin , Zaslavsky Arkady , Bouadjenek Mohamed Reda , Hassani Ali , Razzak Imran 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor mission critical (MC) applications such as bushfire emergency management systems (EMS), understanding the current situation as a disaster unfolds is critical to saving lives, infrastructure and the environment. Incident control-room operators manage complex information and systems, especially with the emergence of Big Data. They are increasingly making decisions supported by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) tools for data analysis, prediction and decision-making. As the volume, speed and complexity of information increases due to more frequent fire events, greater availability of myriad IoT sensors, smart devices, satellite data and burgeoning use of social media, the advances in AI and ML that help to manage Big Data and support decision-making are increasingly perceived as “Black Box”. This paper aims to scope the requirements for bushfire EMS to improve Big Data management and governance of AI/ML. An analysis of ModelOps technology, used increasingly in the commercial sector, is undertaken to determine what components might be fit-for-purpose. The result is a novel set of ModelOps features, EMS requirements and an EMS-ModelOps framework that resolves more than 75% of issues whilst being sufficiently generic to apply to other types of mission-critical applications.
Pre-service Teachers’ Reflections on Attitudes Towards Teaching and Learning Mathematics with Online Platforms at School: A Case Study in the Context of a University Online Training
Authors: Dilling Frederik , Vogler Amelie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOnline learning platforms take over a new role in education, especially in times of the Covid-19 pandemic. This paper will discuss pre-service teachers’ reflections on attitudes towards online learning platforms and the respective changes due to an online training of using this digital tool in mathematics classes. The special training took place in a bachelor seminar with fourteen participants on the use of digital media in mathematics education at the University of Siegen. Based on the ‘Tripartite Model of Attitude Structure’ which defines the psychological concept of attitude, data material about the pre-service teachers’ attitudes is gathered by pre- and post-reflection-questionnaires. A qualitative content analysis led to the formation of a system of six main categories and approximately 51 descriptors for pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards online learning platforms and especially their changes due to the online training of using these platforms. The descriptors can be a basis for further research studies on this topic.
Revisiting McGee’s Probabilistic Analysis of Conditionals
Authors: Cantwell John 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper calls for a re-appraisal of McGee’s analysis of the semantics, logic and probabilities of indicative conditionals presented in his 1989 paper Conditional probabilities and compounds of conditionals. The probabilistic measures introduced by McGee are given a new axiomatisation—built on the principle that the antecedent of a conditional is probabilistically independent of the conditional—and a more transparent method of constructing such measures is provided. McGee’s Dutch book argument is restructured to more clearly reveal that it introduces a novel contribution to the epistemology of semantic indeterminacy, and shows that its more controversial implications are unavoidable if we want to maintain the Ramsey Test along with the standard laws of probability. Importantly, it is shown that the counterexamples that have been levelled at McGee’s analysis—generating a rather wide consensus that it yields ‘unintuitive’ or ‘wrong’ probabilities for compounds —fail to strike at their intended target; for to honour the intuitions of the counterexamples one must either give up the Ramsey Test or the standard laws of probability. It will be argued that we need to give up neither if we take the counterexamples as further evidence that the indicative conditional sometimes allows for a non-epistemic ‘causal’ interpretation alongside its usual epistemic interpretation.
The Clinical Frailty Scale as predictor of overall survival after resection of high-grade glioma
Authors: Klingenschmid Julia , Krigers Aleksandrs , Pinggera Daniel , Kerschbaumer Johannes , Thomé Claudius , Freyschlag Christian F. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) describes the general level of fitness or frailty and is widely used in geriatric medicine, intensive care and orthopaedic surgery. This study was conducted to analyze, whether CFS could be used for patients with high-grade glioma.

Methods
Patients harboring high-grade gliomas, undergoing first resection at our center between 2015 and 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients’ performance was assessed using the Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale and the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) preoperatively and 3–6 months postoperatively.

Results
289 patients were included. Pre- as well as postoperative median frailty was 3 CFS points (IqR 2–4) corresponding to “managing well”. CFS strongly correlated with KPS preoperatively (r = − 0.85; p < 0.001) and at the 3–6 months follow-up (r = − 0.90; p < 0.001). The reduction of overall survival (OS) was 54% per point of CFS preoperatively (HR 1.54, CI 95% 1.38–1.70; p < 0.001) and 58% at the follow-up (HR 1.58, CI 95% 1.41–1.78; p < 0.001), comparable to KPS. Patients with IDH mutation showed significantly better preoperative and follow-up CFS and KPS (p < 0.05). Age and performance scores correlated only mildly with each other (r = 0.21…0.35; p < 0.01), but independently predicted OS (p < 0.001 each).

Conclusion
CFS seems to be a reliable tool for functional assessment of patients suffering from high-grade glioma. CFS includes non-cancer related aspects and therefore is a contemporary approach for patient evaluation. Its projection of survival can be equally estimated before and after surgery. IDH-mutation caused longer survival and higher functionality.
Parental housing wealth and children’s marriage prospects in China—evidence from CHARLS
Authors: Gao Ya , Alessie Rob , Angelini Viola 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe estimate the association between parental housing wealth and children’s marriage prospects in China by drawing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS). We focus on children aged 16–35 who were unmarried in 2011 and track their marriage outcomes in 2015. Our results show that parental housing wealth acts as a signal for males in the Chinese marriage market, which is characterized by a strongly unbalanced sex ratio. Males are more likely to get married if their parents own high-value houses, especially among rural households. The relationship is not significant for females.
Probabilistic causes in Markov chains
Authors: Ziemek Robin , Piribauer Jakob , Funke Florian , Jantsch Simon , Baier Christel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBy combining two of the central paradigms of causality, namely counterfactual reasoning and probability-raising, we introduce a probabilistic notion of cause in Markov chains. Such a cause consists of finite executions of the probabilistic system after which the probability of an $$\omega $$
ω
-regular effect exceeds a given threshold. The cause, as a set of executions, then has to cover all behaviors exhibiting the effect. With these properties, such causes can be used for monitoring purposes where the aim is to detect faulty behavior before it actually occurs. In order to choose which cause should be computed, we introduce multiple types of costs to capture the consumption of resources by the system or monitor from different perspectives, and study the complexity of computing cost-minimal causes.
Fibre tract segmentation for intraoperative diffusion MRI in neurosurgical patients using tract-specific orientation atlas and tumour deformation modelling
Authors: Young Fiona , Aquilina Kristian , A. Clark Chris , D. Clayden Jonathan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose:
Intraoperative diffusion MRI could provide a means of visualising brain fibre tracts near a neurosurgical target after preoperative images have been invalidated by brain shift. We propose an atlas-based intraoperative tract segmentation method, as the standard preoperative method, streamline tractography, is unsuitable for intraoperative implementation.

Methods:
A tract-specific voxel-wise fibre orientation atlas is constructed from healthy training data. After registration with a target image, a radial tumour deformation model is applied to the orientation atlas to account for displacement caused by lesions. The final tract map is obtained from the inner product of the atlas and target image fibre orientation data derived from intraoperative diffusion MRI.

Results:
The simple tumour model takes only seconds to effectively deform the atlas into alignment with the target image. With minimal processing time and operator effort, maps of surgically relevant tracts can be achieved that are visually and qualitatively comparable with results obtained from streamline tractography.

Conclusion:
Preliminary results demonstrate feasibility of intraoperative streamline-free tract segmentation in challenging neurosurgical cases. Demonstrated results in a small number of representative sample subjects are realistic despite the simplicity of the tumour deformation model employed. Following this proof of concept, future studies will focus on achieving robustness in a wide range of tumour types and clinical scenarios, as well as quantitative validation of segmentations.
The role of sustainable corporate governance in mandatory sustainability reporting quality
Authors: Gerwing Tobias , Kajüter Peter , Wirth Maximilian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study analyzes the association between various sustainable corporate governance (SCG) mechanisms and mandatory sustainability reporting quality (MSRQ). To this end, we construct a novel MSRQ measure based on manually collected data from 220 German firms in their first year of mandatory sustainability reporting according to the European CSR Directive (2014/95/EU). Descriptive findings show a heterogeneous reporting quality for our sample. The regression analyses suggest an important role of SCG in ensuring high MSRQ. MSRQ increases with the number of SCG mechanisms employed. Regarding the individual mechanisms, we find that MSRQ is positively associated with a sustainable remuneration of the executive board, gender diversity at the supervisory board level, the existence of a CSR committee, engagement in CSR initiatives, and external assurance. However, we do not find any association between gender diversity at the executive board level and MSRQ, contradicting research on voluntary sustainability reporting. Finally, we derive several implications for preparers, auditors, stakeholders, and regulators.
Differences in Weight Loss by Race and Ethnicity in the PRIDE Trial: a Qualitative Analysis of Participant Perspectives
Authors: Saju Rintu , Castellon-Lopez Yelba , Turk Norman , Moin Tannaz , Mangione Carol M. , Norris Keith C. , Vu Amanda , Maranon Richard , Fu Jeffery , Cheng Felicia , Duru O. Kenrik 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Many Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) translation efforts have been less effective for underresourced populations. In the cluster-randomized Prediabetes Informed Decision and Education (PRIDE) trial, which evaluated a shared decision-making (SDM) intervention for diabetes prevention, Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black participants lost less weight than non-Hispanic White participants at 12-month follow-up.

Objective
To explore perspectives about weight loss from PRIDE participants of different racial and ethnic groups.

Participants
Sample of participants with prediabetes who were randomized to the PRIDE intervention arm (n=24).

Approach
We conducted semi-structured interviews within three groups stratified by DPP participation and % weight loss at 12 months: (DPP+/WL+, enrolled in DPP and lost >5% weight; DPP+/WL−, enrolled in DPP and lost <3% weight; DPP−/WL−, did not enroll in DPP and lost <3% weight). Each group was further subdivided on race and ethnicity (non-Hispanic Black (NHB), non-Hispanic White (NHW), Hispanic). Interviews were conducted on Zoom and transcripts were coded and analyzed with Dedoose.

Key Results
Compared to NHW participants, Hispanic and NHB participants more often endorsed weight loss barriers of limited time to make lifestyle changes due to long work and commute hours, inconvenient DPP class locations and offerings, and limited disposable income for extra weight loss activities. Conversely, facilitators of weight loss regardless of race and ethnicity included retirement or having flexible work schedules; being able to identify convenient DPP classes; having a strong, positive support system; and purchasing supplementary resources to support lifestyle change (e.g., gym memberships, one-on-one activity classes).

Conclusions
We found that NHB and Hispanic SDM participants report certain barriers to weight loss more commonly than NHW participants, particularly barriers related to limited disposable income and/or time constraints. Our findings suggest that increased lifestyle change support and flexible program delivery options may be needed to ensure equity in DPP reach, participant engagement, and outcomes.
Bedürfnisorientierte Arbeitswelten im Krankenhaus: Entwicklung und Akzeptanz des HEMI-Architekturkonzepts
Authors: Vollmer Tanja C. , Koppen Gemma 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag in der ZeitschriftGruppe. Interaktion. Organisation(GIO), ThemenheftNew Work – Inspirierende, kooperationsfördernde Arbeitsumgebungenbeschreibt die Entwicklung und wissenschaftliche Prüfung eines Architekturkonzepts zur evidenzbasierten Gestaltung innovativer und bedürfnisorientierter Arbeitswelten im Krankenhaus. Das Konzept basiert auf einer berufsunabhängigen Neubewertung der Krankenhausumgebung und definiert fünf Umgebungskategorien und architektonische Qualitäten: (H) hands on/off(Arbeiten mit oder ohne direktem Patientenkontakt), (E) eyes on/off(Arbeiten mit oder ohne indirektem Patientenkontakt), (M) mind on(konzentrierte Arbeiten),mind off(Entspannung und Regeneration) und (I) interact on/off(Arbeiten mit oder ohne Kontakt zu Kollegen). Die Kategorien lassen Rückschlüsse auf den psycho-emotionalen Stress und die kognitive Beanspruchung der Mitarbeitenden zu und bestimmen die auf diese reagierende architektonische Gestaltung. Im Unterschied zum bisherigen deutschen Krankenhausentwurf durchbricht das (HEMI) Architekturkonzept veraltete Organisationsstrukturen, geht architekturpsychologisch auf die steigende Belastung der Mitarbeitenden ein und formuliert räumliche Lösungen. Die Akzeptanz derzentralen Arbeitswelt, die das Konzept u. a. vorsieht und die in einer bundesweiten Befragung an Klinikärztinnen und -ärzten durchgeführt wurde, ist hoch und abhängig von Alter‑, Einkommen und Dienstjahren.
Effekte eines Unterrichtsfeedbacks von Schulleitungen auf die selbst eingeschätzte Entwicklung der Unterrichtskompetenz von Lehrkräften – Ergebnisse einer Interventionsstudie unter Berücksichtigung der Zielorientierungen von Lehrkräften
Authors: Kellermann Christopher , Nachbauer Max , Gärtner Holger , Thiel Felicitas 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungUnterrichtsfeedbacks von Schulleitungen sind häufig von geringer Qualität und daher nicht immer wirksam. Aus diesem Grund wurde eine Feedbackintervention entwickelt, die Schulleitungen dabei unterstützen soll, Lehrkräften ein qualitativ hochwertiges Feedback zu ihrem Unterricht zu geben, auf dessen Grundlage diese ihre Unterrichtskompetenz weiterentwickeln können. Die Wirksamkeit der Intervention wurde in einer Studie mit quasi-experimentellem Design überprüft. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob Lehrkräfte, die ein Unterrichtsfeedback von ihrer Schulleitung erhielten, ihre Kompetenzentwicklung positiver einschätzen als Lehrkräfte, die kein Feedback erhielten. Weil Lehrkräfte der Interventionsgruppe ihre Kompetenzentwicklung nach dem Unterrichtsfeedback im Mittel nicht positiver einschätzten als Lehrkräfte der Kontrollgruppe, wurde zusätzlich geprüft, ob der Effekt des Unterrichtsfeedbacks mit den Zielorientierungen der Lehrkräfte interagiert. Für die Lern- und Annäherungsleistungszielorientierung zeigten sich differenzielle Effekte. Lehrkräfte mit hoch ausgeprägter Lern- und Annäherungsleistungszielorientierung, die ein Feedback erhielten, schätzten ihre Kompetenzentwicklung positiver ein als Lehrkräfte der Kontrollgruppe.
Human papillomavirus infection, cervical cancer and the less explored role of trace elements
Authors: Sravani Anne Boyina , Ghate Vivek , Lewis Shaila 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCervical cancer is an aggressive type of cancer affecting women worldwide. Many affected individuals rely on smear tests for the diagnosis, surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation for their treatment. However, due to a broad set of undesired results and side-effects associated with the existing protocols, the search for better diagnostic and therapeutic interventions is a never-ending pursuit. In the purview, the bio-concentration of trace elements (copper, selenium, zinc, iron, arsenic, manganese, and cadmium) is seen to fluctuate during the occurrence of cervical cancer and its progression from pre-cancerous to metastatic nature. Thus, during the occurrence of cervical cancer, the detection of trace elements and their supplementation will prove to be highly advantageous in developing diagnostic tools and therapeutics, respectively. This review provides a detailed overview of cervical cancer, its encouragement by human papillomavirus infections, the mechanism of pathology, and resistance. Majorly, the review emphasizes the less explored role of trace elements, their contribution to the growth and inhibition of cervical cancer. Numerous clinical trials have been listed, thereby providing a comprehensive reference to the exploration of trace elements in the management of cervical cancer.