bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Profile Test: προσαρμογή και στάθμιση στην Ελληνική Γλώσσα
Authors: Καραγιαννάκης Ιωάννης , Ρούσσος Πέτρος , Πολυχρόνη Φωτεινή 
Published: March 2022

Η παρούσα εργασία παρουσιάζει την προσαρμογή και στάθμιση στην Ελληνική Γλώσσα του Mathematical Profile Test (MathPro Test – Karagiannakis & Nöel, 2020), ενός θεωρητικά τεκμηριωμένου εργαλείου αξιολόγησης ενός διευρυμένου φάσματος σημαντικών μαθηματικών δεξιοτήτων. Πρόκειται για ένα αυτόνομο διαδικτυακό εργαλείο, το οποίο μπορεί να χορηγηθεί ατομικά ή ομαδικά. Το MathPro Test περιλαμβάνει 18 υποκλίμακες οι οποίες κατηγοριοποιούνται σε μαθηματικές δεξιότητες που εδράζονται είτε σε ειδικά αριθμητικά γνωστικά συστήματα (επίγνωση αριθμού) είτε σε γνωστικές δεξιότητες γενικού τομέα (μνήμη, οπτικο-χωρικό, συλλογιστική). Στη μελέτη έλαβαν μέρος 2371 μαθητές Α΄ έως Στ΄ δημοτικού που επιλέχθηκαν με την μέθοδο των προκαθορισμένων ποσοστών από επτά νομούς της Ελλάδας. Το MathPro Test διαθέτει ικανοποιητικό βαθμό εσωτερικής συνοχής με βάση το δείκτη omega. Ο συντελεστής γραμμικής συσχέτιση Pearson’ s μεταξύ χορήγησης - επαναχορήγησης σε μέρος του δείγματος επιβεβαίωσε την αξιοπιστία επαναληπτικών μετρήσεων του εργαλείου. Τέλος, βρέθηκαν στατιστικώς σημαντικές συσχετίσεις με τις εκτιμήσεις των εκπαιδευτικών αναφορικά με την επίδοση των μαθητών στα μαθηματικά ενώ τα παιδιά με δυσκολίες στα μαθηματικά σημείωσαν σημαντικά χαμηλότερη επίδοση με βάση τα αποτελέσματα πολλαπλών ελέγχων t ενός δείγματος. Όλα τα παραπάνω δείχνουν πως το MathPro Test θεωρείται ένα αξιόπιστο εργαλείο ευαίσθητο στο βαθμό δυσκολίας στα μαθηματικά, το οποίο μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί τόσο για τη διεξαγωγή μελετών μεγάλης κλίμακας όσο και για τη λεπτομερή αξιολόγηση του μαθηματικού προφίλ παιδιών με (ή χωρίς) μαθησιακές δυσκολίες στα μαθηματικά – Δυσαριθμησία προκειμένου να χρησιμοποιηθούν για διαγνωστικούς λόγους καθώς και στοχευμένη παρέμβαση με βάση τα δυνατά και αδύναμα σημεία κάθε μαθητή στα μαθηματικά.
Community-structures that facilitate engagement in health research: Ifakara Health Research Institute-Bagamoyo case study
Authors: Bategereza Leah , Olotu Ally , Kamuya Dorcas 
Published: March 2022

Background: Involvement of communities in health research has been at the forefront of ethical conduct of research Worldwide. Many scholars put forward different ways of engaging communities in health research, debates on the levels of engagement, who should be engaged in the community and how, still persist. At the Ifakara Health Research Institute (IHI) in Bagamoyo, Tanzania. Different approaches to engaging with the community in health research have been used over the last decade. The present research was aimed to describe the nature of community structures, that could be engaged in health research at the Ifakara Health Institute. Methods: Data collection was undertaken in between February 2019 and December 2019.A total of 25 interviews in which 19 were In-Depth Interviews, and 6 were Focus Group Discussions were carried out. Respondents were those previously participated in IHI research. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed using framework analysis. Results: Different community structures including; village executive officers, community health workers, hamlet leaders, and community advisory board were involved in engagement activities. Approaches used as per the findings; community-level public meetings, information giving at household level/health facilities, the outpatient attendance at hospital/dispensary, Health District Coordinators, village leaders/representatives and routine health care campaigns; such as Tuberculosis day (TB day), Malaria day and HIV day. Reported weaknesses were inconsistence research feedback, insufficient engagement with participants about specific research projects are recruited into and false promises by researchers to community stakeholders. Conclusion: The results emerged the need to strengthen community engagement system at IHI, which require coordination of engagement at the institute and across different research activities. The current approach, seems inadequate but also is very challenging due to minimal opportunities for interactions and for deeper levels of engagement. Recommendations to use other methods such as mass media to reach larger populations is more appropriate than ever.
Optimization problems of psychological measures of response for discrediting of internal organs of Russian Federation in media space
Authors: Ivanova Regina 
Published: March 2022

The article presents research conducted using the traditional method of document analysis - court decisions rendered by courts of general jurisdiction of various subjects of the Russian Federation in 2021 in cases of protection of honor, dignity and business reputation of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, federal civil servants and employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
The main conclusions indicated by the courts in the reasoning part of court decisions on the defamatory nature of the dissemination of information regarding employees are presented; grounds for making positive court decisions in defense of honor, dignity and business reputation; grounds for refusing to satisfy claims.
According to the results of the study, it can be assumed that today the most relevant is countering the legitimate actions of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation in a contactless way, most of them in the modern media space by distributing information of a discrediting nature.
Due to the imperfection of the legal system, the authorized units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (their own security units, legal services) do not always manage to fully protect the honor, dignity and business reputation of both the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation as a whole and individual employees during court proceedings. In this connection, new requirements are being put forward for the information and public relations units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, since their activities in this direction in the form of a proper, timely and effective response to discrediting information disseminated in the media space will help to increase the level of protection of the honor, dignity and business reputation of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, restore a positive image.
General non-specific effects of balneofactors of Truskavets’ spa on parameters of neuroendocrine regulation, metabolism, immunity and microbiota in patients with chronic pyelonephritis and cholecystitis
Authors: Popovych Igor , Gozhenko Anatoliy , Hrytsak Myroslava , Popovych Dariya , Korolyshyn Tetyana , Kovbasnyuk Marta , Zukow Walery 
Published: March 2022

Background. Earlier in experiments on rats, it was shown that drinking mineral water, regardless of their mineralization and chemical composition, have similar (nonspecific) course effects on a number of parameters of metabolism and neuroendocrine-immune complex. The aim of this study is to identify such parameters in patients of Truskavets’ spa who received complex drinking balneotherapy. Materials and Methods. The object of clinical-physiological observation were 34 men aged 23-70 years, who underwent rehabilitation treatment of chronic cholecystitis and pyelonephritis in remission. The examination was performed twice, before and after a 7-10-day course of balneotherapy. All patients received bioactive water Naftussya, therewith, 11 men additionally drank sulfate-chloride sodium-magnesium water "Khrystyna" (5 g/L), and the other 11 men - water "Myroslava" with a similar chemical composition, but twice the mineralization. The object of the study were the parameters of the electroencephalogram, heart rate variability (HRV), hormones, metabolism, immunity, microbiota and cholekinetics. Results. The complex balneotherapy by interval use of Naftussya water with sulfate-chloride sodium-magnesium mineral waters causes similar significant changes in the constellation of 10 EEGs, 10 metabolic, 10 microbiota and 4 immune parameters as well as total power and entropy of HRV, calcitonin and testosterone plasma levels and cholecystokinetics activity index. Conclusion. Balneofactors of Truskavets’ spa causes non-specific modulating effects on parameters of neuroendocrine regulation, metabolism, immunity, microbiota and cholekinetics in patients with chronic pyelonephritis and cholecystitis.
Bidirectional colorless WDM-PON RoF system with large spurious free dynamic range
Authors: Wang Ruiqiong , Fan Yangyu , Qin Shengyu , Tan Jiajun , Wang Xinyuan , Tan Qinggui , Zhai Weile , Gao Yongsheng 
Published: March 2022

A bidirectional colorless wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network radio over fiber system with a large spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) is proposed. By separating the unmodulated optical carrier from the polarization multiplexed optical signal in the optical network unit, upstream wavelength reuse is realized. By adjusting the angle and phase difference between the orthogonal optical polarization modes, third-order intermodulation distortion (IMD3) suppression of the downstream link is realized. The periodic power fading caused by dispersion in the system is solved through single sideband modulation. Experiments have verified the wavelength reuse effect of the upstream link. Compared with the traditional link based on a Mach–Zehnder modulator, the periodic power fading of the system is suppressed under different radio frequencies (RFs) and fiber lengths. The IMD3 of the downstream link is suppressed, and the SFDR is improved by more than 17 dB. Also, the proposed system is tested with a 16 quadrature amplitude modulation RF signal in the experiment, where a good adjacent channel power ratio and error vector magnitude of the system are obtained.
Longitudinal profile of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 in a setting from Sub–Saharan Africa: A prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Gebrecherkos Teklay , Kiros Yazezew Kebede , Challa Feyissa , Abdella Saro , Gebreegzabher Atsbeha , Leta Dereje , Desta Abraham , Hailu Ataklti , Tasew Geremew , Abdulkader Mahmud , Tessema Masresha , Tollera Getachew , Kifle Tsigereda , Arefaine Zekarias Gessesse , Schallig Henk HDF , Adams Emily R. , Urban Britta C. , de Wit Tobias F. Rinke , Wolday Dawit 
Published: March 2022

Background
Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 plays an important role for epidemiological studies, in aiding the diagnosis of COVID-19, and assess vaccine responses. Little is known on dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 serology in African settings. Here, we aimed to characterize the longitudinal antibody response profile to SARS-CoV-2 in Ethiopia.

Methods
In this prospective study, a total of 102 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients were enrolled. We obtained 802 plasma samples collected serially. SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were determined using four lateral flow immune-assays (LFIAs), and an electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. We determined longitudinal antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 as well as seroconversion dynamics.

Results
Serological positivity rate ranged between 12%-91%, depending on timing after symptom onset. There was no difference in positivity rate between severe and non-severe COVID-19 cases. The specificity ranged between 90%-97%. Agreement between different assays ranged between 84%-92%. The estimated positive predictive value (PPV) for IgM or IgG in a scenario with seroprevalence at 5% varies from 33% to 58%. Nonetheless, when the population seroprevalence increases to 25% and 50%, there is a corresponding increases in the estimated PPVs. The estimated negative-predictive value (NPV) in a low seroprevalence scenario (5%) is high (>99%). However, the estimated NPV in a high seroprevalence scenario (50%) for IgM or IgG is reduced significantly to 80% to 85%. Overall, 28/102 (27.5%) seroconverted by one or more assays tested, within a median time of 11 (IQR: 9–15) days post symptom onset. The median seroconversion time among symptomatic cases tended to be shorter when compared to asymptomatic patients [9 (IQR: 6–11) vs. 15 (IQR: 13–21) days; p = 0.002]. Overall, seroconversion reached 100% 5.5 weeks after the onset of symptoms. Notably, of the remaining 74 COVID-19 patients included in the cohort, 64 (62.8%) were positive for antibody at the time of enrollment, and 10 (9.8%) patients failed to mount a detectable antibody response by any of the assays tested during follow-up.

Conclusions
Longitudinal assessment of antibody response in African COVID-19 patients revealed heterogeneous responses. This underscores the need for a comprehensive evaluation of seroassays before implementation. Factors associated with failure to seroconvert needs further research.
Nutritional self-care practices and skills of patients with diabetes mellitus: A study at a tertiary hospital in Ghana
Authors: Opoku-Addai Kwabena , Korsah Kwadwo Ameyaw , Mensah Gwendolyn Patience 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Nutritional management decreases and/or prevents the complications and deaths associated with diabetes mellitus. However, the majority of patients living with diabetes do not engage in optimal nutritional management of diabetes because they see it as the most difficult aspect of managing the condition. This study aimed to explore and describe the practices and skills on nutritional management of diabetes mellitus among patients living with diabetes attending a Ghanaian hospital.

Materials and methods
This study employed an exploratory, descriptive qualitative research design. Fifteen participants were recruited using purposive sampling, and interviewed with a semi-structured interview guide. Content analysis was performed on the data gathered, following which three main themes emerged.

Results
More than two-thirds of the participants of this study had adequate meal planning skills, ate the right quantity of foods, engaged in healthy eating habits, and consumed healthy sources of carbohydrates, fats and protein when eating. However, more than half of the participants had insufficient knowledge and skills in the reading and usage of food labels.

Conclusions
The participants of this study largely engaged in optimal nutritional management of diabetes due to their healthy dietary practices and preferences. It is recommended that health care professionals in Ghana find practical and robust ways to factor the reading and usage of food labels into the care and management of patients with diabetes.
Health status outcomes after spontaneous coronary artery dissection and comparison with other acute myocardial infarction: The VIRGO experience
Authors: Murugiah Karthik , Chen Lian , Dreyer Rachel P. , Bouras Georgios , Safdar Basmah , Khera Rohan , Lu Yuan , Spatz Erica S. , Ng Vivian G. , Gupta Aakriti , Bueno Héctor , Tweet Marysia S. , Spertus John A. , Hayes Sharonne N. , Lansky Alexandra , Krumholz Harlan M. 
Published: March 2022

Background
Data on health status outcomes after spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) are limited.

Methods and findings
Using the Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients (VIRGO) study we compared patients with SCAD and other acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at presentation (baseline), 1-month, and-12 months using standardized health status instruments. Among 3572 AMI patients ≤ 55 years, 67 had SCAD. SCAD patients were younger (median age (IQR) 45 (40.5–51) years vs. 48 (44–52) in other AMI, p = 0.003), more often female (92.5% vs. 66.6%), have college education (73.1% vs. 51.7%) and household income >$100,000 (43.3% vs. 17.7% (All p<0.001). SCAD patients at baseline had higher mean ± SD Short Form-12 [SF-12] physical component scores [PCS] (48.7±10.2 vs. 43.8±12.1, p<0.001) and mental component scores [MCS] (49.6±12.4 vs. 45.4±12.5, p = 0.008), and at 12-months [PCS (50.1±9.0 vs. 44.3±12.3, p<0.001) and MCS (53±10.1 vs 50.2±11.0, p = 0.045)]. The Euro-Quality of Life Scale [EQ-5D] VAS and EQ-5D index scores were similar at baseline, but higher at 12-months for SCAD (EQ-5D VAS: 82.2±10.2 vs. 72.3±21.0, p<0.001; EQ-5D index scores; 90.2±15.3 vs. 83.7±19.8, p = 0.012). SCAD patients had better baseline Seattle Angina Questionnaire [SAQ] physical limitation (88.8±20.1 vs. 81.2±25.4, p = 0.017). At 12-months SCAD patients had better physical limitation (98.0±8.5 vs. 91.4±18.8, p = 0.007), angina frequency (96.4±8.8 vs. 91.3±16.8, p = 0.018) and quality of life scores (80.7±14.7 vs 72.2±23.2, p = 0.005). Magnitude of change in health status from baseline to 12-months was not statistically different between the groups. After adjustment for time and comorbidities there remained no difference in most health status outcomes.

Conclusions
SCAD patients fare marginally better than other AMI patients on most health status instruments and have similar 12-month health status recovery. Better pre-event health status suggests a need to modify exercise prescriptions and cardiac rehabilitation protocols to better assist this physically active population to recover.
Temporal concordance between pulse contour analysis, bioreactance and carotid doppler during rapid preload changes
Authors: Kenny Jon-Émile S. , Barjaktarevic Igor , Eibl Andrew M. , Parrotta Matthew , Long Bradley F. , Elfarnawany Mai , Eibl Joseph K. 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
We describe the temporal concordance of 3 hemodynamic monitors.

Materials and methods
Healthy volunteers performed preload changes while simultaneously wearing a non-invasive, pulse-contour stroke volume (SV) monitor, a bioreactance SV monitor and a wireless, wearable Doppler ultrasound patch over the common carotid artery. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting preload change over 3 temporal windows (early, middle and late) was assessed.

Results
40 preload changes were recorded in total (20 increase, 20 decrease). Immediately, the wearable Doppler had high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%) for detecting preload change with an area under the receiver operator curve (AUROC) of 0.98 for both velocity time integral (VTI, 10.5% threshold) and corrected flow time (FTc, 2.5% threshold). The sensitivity, specificity and AUROC for non-invasive pulse contour were equally good (9% SV threshold). For bioreactance, a 13% SV threshold immediately detected preload change with a sensitivity, specificity and AUROC of 60%, 95% and 0.75, respectively. After two SV outputs following preload change, the sensitivity, specificity and AUROC of bioreactance improved to 70%, 90% and 0.85, respectively.

Conclusions
Carotid Doppler ultrasound and non-invasive pulse contour detected rapid hemodynamic change with equal accuracy; bioreactance improved over time. Algorithm-lag should be considered when interpreting clinical studies.
GaitSmart motion analysis compared to commonly used function outcome measures in the IMI-APPROACH knee osteoarthritis cohort
Authors: van Helvoort Eefje M. , Hodgins D. , Mastbergen Simon C. , Marijnissen Anne C. A. , Kloppenburg M. , Blanco Fransisco J. , Haugen Ida K. , Berenbaum F. , Lafeber Floris P. J. G. , Welsing Paco M. J. 
Published: March 2022

Background
There are multiple measures for assessment of physical function in knee osteoarthritis (OA), but each has its strengths and limitations. The GaitSmart® system, which uses inertial measurement units (IMUs), might be a user-friendly and objective method to assess function. This study evaluates the validity and responsiveness of GaitSmart® motion analysis as a function measurement in knee OA and compares this to Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), 30s chair stand test, and 40m self-paced walk test.

Methods
The 2-year Innovative Medicines Initiative—Applied Public-Private Research enabling OsteoArthritis Clinical Headway (IMI-APPROACH) knee OA cohort was conducted between January 2018 and April 2021. For this study, available baseline and 6 months follow-up data (n = 262) was used. Principal component analysis was used to investigate whether above mentioned function instruments could represent one or more function domains. Subsequently, linear regression was used to explore the association between GaitSmart® parameters and those function domains. In addition, standardized response means, effect sizes and t-tests were calculated to evaluate the ability of GaitSmart® to differentiate between good and poor general health (based on SF-36). Lastly, the responsiveness of GaitSmart® to detect changes in function was determined.

Results
KOOS, SF-36, 30s chair test and 40m self-paced walk test were first combined into one function domain (total function). Thereafter, two function domains were substracted related to either performance based (objective function) or self-reported (subjective function) function. Linear regression resulted in the highest R2 for the total function domain: 0.314 (R2 for objective and subjective function were 0.252 and 0.142, respectively.). Furthermore, GaitSmart® was able to distinguish a difference in general health status, and is responsive to changes in the different aspects of objective function (Standardized response mean (SRMs) up to 0.74).

Conclusion
GaitSmart® analysis can reflect performance based and self-reported function and may be of value in the evaluation of function in knee OA. Future studies are warranted to validate whether GaitSmart® can be used as clinical outcome measure in OA research and clinical practice.
Продвижение лидера или популяризация повестки? Агентно-ориентированная модель применения ботов в социальных сетях
Authors: Стукал Денис Константинович , Филиппов Илья Борисович 
Published: March 2022

В исследованиях политической активности в социальной сетях в последнее время все большее внимание уделяется автоматизированным аккаунтам, более известным как боты. Несмотря на обилие работ, посвященных этому явлению, воздействие ботов на социальную сеть и ее пользователей остается недостаточно исследованным. Данная статья направлена на заполнение этой лакуны и предлагает реалистичную вычислительную модель взаимодействий обычных пользователей, политических лидеров и их ботов в популярной социальной сети Twitter. В первую очередь мы используем модель для изучения последствий применения ботов для популяризации лидерского аккаунта с помощью приобретения новых подписчиков и ретвитов. Далее мы исследуем возможности ботов по продвижению лидерской политической позиции благодаря увеличению общего объема публикаций, распространяющих идеологию лидера. Мы показываем, что применение ботов может вредить личной популярности лидеров, в то время как успехи в продвижении идеологической позиции зависят от распределения ботов между лидерами. В дальнейшем данные результаты могут быть использованы для разработки дизайна эмпирической проверки результатов применения ботов.
Благодарность. Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 20-18-00274), Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики».