bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working with alcohol prevention in occupational health services: “knowing how” is more important than “knowing that” – the WIRUS OHS study
Authors: Thørrisen Mikkel Magnus , Sadeghi Talieh , Bonsaksen Tore , Graham Ian D. , Aas Randi Wågø 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Alcohol consumption is a major public health challenge; the majority of employees consume alcohol regularly and a considerable proportion of employees can be characterized as risky drinkers in need of interventions. Occupational health services (OHS) are uniquely positioned for implementing alcohol prevention interventions targeting employees, but rarely do so. Studies have shown that lack of knowledge among OHS personnel is a barrier to alcohol prevention activity. This study aimed to explore OHS personnels’ levels of theoretical and practical alcohol knowledge, and whether these two ways of knowing were differentially associated with alcohol prevention activity.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, survey data were collected from 322 OHS personnel in Norway in 2018 (response rate = 53.6%). The survey included variables of two ways of knowing (theoretical and practical) and three types of doing (intervention frequency, conducting individual interventions, and conducting group interventions). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, paired sample t-tests, bivariate correlations, and adjusted linear and logistic regression analyses.

Results
OHS personnel rated their theoretical alcohol knowledge higher than their practical knowledge (η2 = 0.33, p < 0.001). Higher reported levels of practical knowledge were associated with higher intervention frequency (b = 0.39, β = 0.60, p < 0.001) and greater likelihood of conducting individual interventions (OR = 1.60, p < .001) as well as group interventions (OR = 1.84, p < 0.001). Theoretical knowledge was not associated with conducting interventions, and there was no evidence of an interaction between the two ways of knowing in their association with doing. Sensitivity analyses did not indicate clustering effects of OHS personnel being employed within different units.

Conclusions
Different ways of knowing about alcohol among OHS personnel were dissimilarly associated with conducting alcohol prevention interventions in occupational health settings. For doing, knowing how seems to be more important than knowing that. Training programs for OHS personnel should emphasize knowledge about how to deal with alcohol-related issues and how to conduct prevention interventions, rather than focus on detrimental effects of alcohol.
Production of quinolone derivatives in Escherichia coli
Authors: Park Yeo-Jin , Choi Gyu‑Sik , Lee Shin-Won , Ahn Joong-Hoon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlkyl-4-quinolones (AQs) are natural compounds synthesized by bacteria. Members of this group are known quorum-sensing molecules. Other biological functions, such as anti-bacterial, anti-algal, antifungal, and anti-malaria activities have also been reported. The synthetic pathways of AQs have been validated in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Five genes (pqsA–E) are involved in the synthesis of 2-heptyl-4(1H)-quinolone (HHQ). To synthesize HHQ in a microbial system, pqsA–E genes were introduced into Escherichia coli and HHQ and 2-methyl-4(1H)-quinolone (MHQ) were synthesized. After the copy number, construct promoters, and substrate supplements were optimized, 141.3 mg/L MHQ and 242.8 mg/L HHQ were synthesized.
Association of radiological lung pattern and respiratory mechanics with potential for lung recruitment in patients with COVID–ARDS: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gillmann Hans-Jörg , Jung Carolin , Speth Milan , Vogel-Claussen Jens , Stueber Thomas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The ventilatory management of COVID–ARDS is controversial, especially with regard to the different subtypes and associated PEEP titration. A higher PEEP may be beneficial only in patients with potential for lung recruitment. The assessment of lung recruitment may be guided by lung imaging, such as electric impedance tomography or recruitment computed tomography, but is complex and not established in routine clinical practice. Therefore, bedside identification of recruitable ARDS phenotypes can aid in PEEP titration in clinical settings.

Methods
In this retrospective consecutive cohort study in 40 patients with moderate-to-severe COVID–ARDS, we assessed lung recruitment using the recruitment-to-inflation ratio (R/I) in moderate-to-severe COVID–ARDS. Evidence of recruitment (R/I ≥ 0.5) was compared between clinical and computed tomography data.

Results
Of the included patients, 28 (70%) were classified as recruiters by the R/I. Lung recruitment was associated with higher compliance and was not associated with a consolidated lung pattern assessed using CT. Even in the tertile of patients with the highest compliance (37–70 ml/mbar), eight (73%) patients were classified as recruitable. Patients classified as recruitable presented a lower reticular lung pattern (2% vs. 6%, p = 0.032).

Conclusions
Prediction of lung recruitment is difficult based on routine clinical data but may be improved by assessment of radiographic lung patterns. A bedside assessment of recruitment is necessary to guide clinical care. Even a high compliance may not rule out the potential for lung recruitment.
Evaluation of technical efficiency of some rain-fed cereal and legume crops production in Syria: does crisis matter?
Authors: AlFraj Naji , Hamo Alaa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Syria is a developing country whose economy is still dominated by the agricultural sector. The agricultural sector is considered as the main source of food in Syria and a major source of employment and income generation. Food and agricultural policies in Syria focus heavily on achieving food security and improving its four pillars (availability, accessibility, stability and utilization). As a result, until 2011, a good progress has been attained in food availability. The food security situation deteriorated in Syria after 2011 crisis, with the number of people facing acute food insecurity rising from 7.9 million in 2020 to a staggering 12.4 million in 2021. This is the result of many shocks that the agricultural sector has been exposed to, such as the relative decrease in cultivated areas, high costs of production, reduced input availability including labour, prevailing violence, related damage to farm equipment, and abandoned land. In view of the changes that the agricultural sector has been exposed to in Syria as a result of the crisis, the study concerns measuring the technical efficiency of production of some rain-fed cereal and legume crops in Syria and comparing it in the pre and post-crisis period, which has started in 2011. A non-parametric (DEA) method is applied for measuring technical efficiency during the time period 2003–2010 (pre-crisis) and the period 2011–2018 (post-crisis) with censored regression (the tobit model) to investigate the determinants of technical efficiency. A t test is used to test the null hypothesis (H0) that there was no difference in technical efficiency of the production of studied crops before and after the crisis in Syria and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) that there was a significant difference in technical efficiency.

Results
The findings show low level of technical efficiency in the post-crisis period. The results verified differences in the technical efficiency of pre- and post-crisis period. The use of censored regression with dummy for crisis has shown negative and significant effect on technical efficiency of each of the durum wheat and lentil crops, while it had no significant effect on the other studied crops.

Conclusions
This study can provide important information to the government to pursue a new policy for recovery and improving the agricultural production and productivity. There is an urgent need to adopt new policies that focus on providing production requirements in the form of low-interest loans, sustainable use of resources, providing support for the marketing process, and focusing on the export markets of some study crops (chickpeas and lentils). Government should improve agricultural extension services for farmers and encouraging them to adopt new technologies.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a female presenting with status asthmaticus: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Clark Lindsey C. , Khunger Arjun , Aji Walif 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a non-ischemic syndrome characterized by transient acute left ventricular dysfunction as evident on transthoracic echocardiography. It can often mimic myocardial ischemia and is characterized by the absence of angiographic evidence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Reports of Takotsubo syndrome in elderly with asthma exacerbations have been noted.

Case presentation
We describe a case of TCM in a 68-year-old female who presented with acute shortness of breath secondary to status asthmaticus. Her electrocardiogram showed ST segment elevations in multiple coronary artery distributions and mildly elevated troponin levels. Coronary angiography showed no significant stenosis of the coronary arteries with left ventriculography that showed systolic apical ballooning with a 10% ejection fraction, consistent with TCM.

Conclusions
Takotsubo syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with status asthmaticus and elevated troponin levels on admission. Patients should be asked about the use of beta agonist prior to admission. A thorough literature review including a summary of 11 previously published case reports of TCM with acute asthma exacerbations has been presented.
Fabry disease: Definition, Incidence, Clinical presentations and Treatment - Focus on cardiac involvement
Authors: Saeed Sahrai , Imazio Massimo 
Published: October 2022

Fabry disease (FD) is a relatively rare X-linked hereditary disease caused by mutations in the GLA gene that results in deficient α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) enzyme activity. The disturbed catabolism of the neutral sphingolipids globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) leads to its progressive lysosomal accumulation throughout the body. Multiple organs can be affected. The atypical late-onset cardiac variant is associated with a high burden of cardiac morbidity and mortality. The aim of this work was to present an updated overview of the FD, with focus on cardiovascular manifestations and its management. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is nowadays an established treatment of FD and is recommended as early as possible with or without chaperone therapy (migalastat) to prevent or delay the progression of renal, cardiac, and cerebrovascular complications. It improves quality of life and may further result in decrease in Left ventricular (LV) mass and to some extent LV function recovery. However, LV hypertrophy (LVH) does not always respond well to ERT despite successful Gb3 clearance. Furthermore, its impact on the hard clinical events is uncertain. Some possible reasons for this apparent discrepancy are discussed. ERT may be less effective in patients who have already developed fibrosis or irreversible organ damage. However, other confounding factors may be equally important.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.7063
How to cite this:Saeed S, Imazio M. Fabry disease: Definition, Incidence, Clinical presentations and Treatment - Focus on cardiac involvement. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.7063
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Physical activity after breast cancer - conditions for practicing sports
Authors: Filarecka Agnieszka , Leksowski Łukasz , Biernacki Maciej , Jęchorek Michał 
Published: October 2022

Physical activity is a vital part of your lifestyle. Reports on the positive effects of physical activity are widely discussed in the literature. However, there are also drawbacks to physical activity. One of the contraindications is neoplastic disease. Such reports pretend to reduce the activity in cancer patients.
The aim of the work is to present a method of modifying physical activity in women after breast cancer treatment in order to consolidate the rehabilitation therapy and the prevention of treatment-related disorders. The paper proposes the procedure and conditions for the implementation of physical activity.
The Open-Fracture Patient Evaluation Nationwide (OPEN) study
Authors: Hadfield James N. , Omogbehin Tomisin S. , Brookes Charlotte , Walker Reece , Trompeter Alex , Bretherton Christopher P. , Gray Andrew , Eardley William G. P. ,   on behalf of the Open Fracture Patient Evaluation Nationwide (OPEN) collaborators
Published: October 2022

Aims Understanding of open fracture management is skewed due to reliance on small-number lower limb, specialist unit reports and large, unfocused registry data collections. To address this, we carried out the Open Fracture Patient Evaluation Nationwide (OPEN) study, and report the demographic details and the initial steps of care for patients admitted with open fractures in the UK. Methods Any patient admitted to hospital with an open fracture between 1 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 was included, excluding phalanges and isolated hand injuries. Institutional information governance approval was obtained at the lead site and all data entered using Research Electronic Data Capture. Demographic details, injury, fracture classification, and patient dispersal were detailed. Results In total, 1,175 patients (median age 47 years (interquartile range (IQR) 29 to 65), 61.0% male (n = 717)) were admitted across 51 sites. A total of 546 patients (47.1%) were employed, 5.4% (n = 63) were diabetic, and 28.8% (n = 335) were smokers. In total, 29.0% of patients (n = 341) had more than one injury and 4.8% (n = 56) had two or more open fractures, while 51.3% of fractures (n = 637) occurred in the lower leg. Fractures sustained in vehicle incidents and collisions are common (38.8%; n = 455) and typically seen in younger patients. A simple fall (35.0%; n = 410) is common in older people. Overall, 69.8% (n = 786) of patients were admitted directly to an orthoplastic centre, 23.0% (n = 259) were transferred to an orthoplastic centre after initial management elsewhere, and 7.2% were managed outwith specialist units (n = 81). Conclusion This study describes the epidemiology of open fractures in the UK. For a decade, orthopaedic surgeons have been practicing in a guideline-driven, network system without understanding the patient features, injury characteristics, or dispersal processes of the wider population. This work will inform care pathways as the UK looks to the future of trauma networks and guidelines, and how to optimize care for patients with open fractures. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(10):746–752.
Variation of implant use in A1 and A2 trochanteric hip fractures
Authors: Baldock Thomas E. , Dixon Jan R. , Koubaesh Carol , Johansen Antony , Eardley William G. P. 
Published: October 2022

Aims Patients with A1 and A2 trochanteric hip fractures represent a substantial proportion of trauma caseload, and national guidelines recommend that sliding hip screws (SHS) should be used for these injuries. Despite this, intramedullary nails (IMNs) are routinely implanted in many hospitals, at extra cost and with unproven patient outcome benefit. We have used data from the National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD) to examine the use of SHS and IMN for A1 and A2 hip fractures at a national level, and to define the cost implications of management decisions that run counter to national guidelines. Methods We used the NHFD to identify all operations for fixation of trochanteric fractures in England and Wales between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2021. A uniform price band from each of three hip fracture implant manufacturers was used to set cost implications alongside variation in implant use. Results We identified 18,156 A1 and A2 trochanteric hip fractures in 162 centres. Of these, 13,483 (74.3%) underwent SHS fixation, 2,352 (13.0%) were managed with short IMN, and 2,321 (12.8%) were managed with long IMN. Total cost of IMN added up to £1.89 million in 2021, and the clinical justification for this is unclear since rates of IMN use varied from 0% to 97% in different centres. Conclusion Most trochanteric hip fractures are managed with SHS, in keeping with national guidelines. There is considerable variance between hospitals for implant choice, despite the lack of evidence for clinical benefit and cost-effectiveness of more expensive nailing systems. This suggests either a lack of awareness of national guidelines or a choice not to follow them. We encourage provider units to reassess their practice if outwith the national norm. Funding bodies should examine implant use closely in this population to prevent resource waste at a time of considerable health austerity. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(10):741–745.
Cateterismo de senos petrosos inferiores en el diagnóstico del síndrome de Cushing ACTH-dependiente: experiencia en un hospital terciario
Authors: Moreno Parro Isabel , Ortiz Sánchez David , García Moreno Rosa , Gómez Rioja Rubén , Frutos Martínez Remedios , Álvarez-Escolá Cristina 
Published: October 2022

Resumen

Objetivos
El Cateterismo de Senos Petrosos Inferiores (CSSPPII) es una prueba útil para diferenciar entre el origen central y ectópico del síndrome de Cushing hormona adrenocorticotropa (ACTH)-dependiente. Presentamos el protocolo utilizado en nuestro centro y la evaluación de su rendimiento diagnóstico.

Métodos
Estudio retrospectivo de 28 pacientes sometidos a cateterismo de senos petrosos inferiores (CSSPPII) con estímulo por hormona liberadora de corticotropina (CRH). El procedimiento se realiza en un quirófano de neurorradiología en el que participa un equipo multidisciplinar de neurorradiólogos, endocrinólogos y analistas. Se cateterizan ambos senos petrosos y se obtiene una muestra periférica simultánea, en condiciones basales y a los 3,6 y 10 min tras estímulo. Se determinan ACTH y prolactina mediante inmunoquimioluminiscencia.

Resultados
Total de 19 pacientes con enfermedad de Cushing (EC) y 1 paciente con Cushing ectópico (CE) fueron confirmados. En todos los casos el CSSPPII orientó correctamente el diagnóstico, obteniéndose valores de sensibilidad y especificidad del 100%. En 8 pacientes no se alcanzó remisión postquirúrgica de la enfermedad. En el 84% de los cateterismos el valor de ratio más alto se alcanzó entre los 3 y 6 min postestímulo. Ratios y valores de ACTH en seno fueron superiores en los pacientes con confirmación histológica de EC. La ratio de prolactina permitió descartar un 28,6% de las muestras que habrían supuesto resultados discordantes respecto al resto de la exploración.

Conclusiones
En nuestra serie, el CSSPPII con estímulo por CRH ha demostrado ser un procedimiento seguro y eficaz. Se destaca la utilidad de la medición de prolactina como marcador de correcta cateterización y la importancia de la participación de un equipo multidisciplinar.
Placenta Accreta Spectrum Part II: hemostatic considerations based on an extended review of the literature
Authors: Enste Rick , Cricchio Patrick , Dewandre Pierre-Yves , Braun Thorsten , Leonards Christopher O. , Niggemann Phil , Spies Claudia , Henrich Wolfgang , Kaufner Lutz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
“Placenta Accreta Spectrum” (PAS) is a rare but serious pregnancy condition where the placenta abnormally adheres to the uterine wall and fails to spontaneously release after delivery. When it occurs, PAS is associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality — as PAS management can be particularly challenging. This two-part review summarizes current evidence in PAS management, identifies its most challenging aspects, and offers evidence-based recommendations to improve management strategies and PAS outcomes. The first part of this two-part review highlighted the general anesthetic approach, surgical and interventional management strategies, specialized “centers of excellence,” and multidisciplinary PAS treatment teams. The high rates of PAS morbidity and mortality are often provoked by PAS-associated coagulopathies and peripartal hemorrhage (PPH). Anesthesiologists need to be prepared for massive blood loss, transfusion, and to manage potential coagulopathies. In this second part of this two-part review, we specifically reviewed the current literature pertaining to hemostatic changes, blood loss, transfusion management, and postpartum venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in PAS patients. Taken together, the two parts of this review provide a comprehensive survey of challenging aspects in PAS management for anesthesiologists.
An analysis of the Q–A unities constructed by the interrogative pronoun какой
Authors: Ji Xiaojun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Language is a symbolic system consisting of the signifier and the signified. There is an asymmetrical binary correspondence between them, which is also widespread in Russian linguistics. There are two main types of interrogative sentence formed by the interrogative pronoun какой. Traditional lexicography and grammar have limitations in their understanding of какой and of the interrogative sentences it forms. The analysis of such syntactic phenomena should be included in the Q–A unity, which can be described in terms of argument structures, generic relations, deixis, relevant characteristics, properties, or attributes of objects, etc.
The crystal structure of catena-poly[(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2
N,N′)-(μ3-2-hydroxybenzene-1,3-dicarboxylato-κ5
O,O′:O″,O‴:O‴)cadmium(II)], C20H12CdN2O5
Authors: Zhao Qiang , Chen Xinyu , Huang Guang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
C20H12CdN2O5, monoclinic, P2/c (no. 13), a = 8.6308(6) Å, b = 10.5180(6) Å, c = 18.6325(11) Å, β = 102.210(6)°, V = 1653.17(18) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0374, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0856, T = 250 K.
The relationship between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and the course of disease in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Baltan Ecem , Serin Erdinç , Avci Burak Yasin , Akilli Işil Kibar , Çinar Ayşe Sürhan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Studies have shown that fibrinolysis activity is insufficient in COVID-19 patients. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is an important antifibrinolytic molecule that plays a key role in the fibrinolytic system. In our study; we aimed to evaluate serum PAI-1 and other biochemical parameters of COVID-19 patients in terms of disease course and mortality.

Methods
A total of 40 COVID-19 patients were hospitalized in the service and intensive care unit (ICU) of our hospital from October to December 2020 and 20 healthy volunteers were included in our study. The patients were grouped as those who transferred to the ICU from the service and transferred to service from the ICU. The first and second values of the same patients in both the service and the ICU were analyzed by SPSS.

Results
The PAI-1 levels of the patients in the ICU were significantly higher than the levels of the same patients in the service and the healthy control group (p<0.001). IL-6, ferritin, and D-dimer levels in the ICU of the same patients were significantly higher than the levels of service and healthy control group (p<0.001). A positive correlation was found between initial serum PAI-1 and D-dimer levels in patients hospitalized in the service (p=0.039) and initial serum ferritin and IL-6 levels in the ICU (p=0.031).

Conclusions
In our study, we found that PAI-1 levels increased significantly with the increase in mortality in COVID-19 patients.