bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-modelling the climate of dry tide-locked rocky planets
Authors: Auclair-Desrotour P. , Deitrick R. , Heng K. 
Published: April 2022

Context. Rocky planets hosted by close-in extrasolar systems are likely to be tidally locked in 1:1 spin-orbit resonance, a configuration where they exhibit a permanent dayside and nightside. Because of the resulting day-night temperature gradient, the climate and large-scale circulation of these planets are strongly determined by their atmospheric stability against collapse, which designates the runaway condensation of greenhouse gases on the nightside.
Aims. To better constrain the surface conditions and climatic regime of rocky extrasolar planets located in the habitable zone of their host star, it is therefore crucial to elucidate the mechanisms that govern the day-night heat redistribution.
Methods. As a first attempt to bridge the gap between multiple modelling approaches ranging from simplified analytical greenhouse models to sophisticated 3D general circulation models (GCMs), we developed a general circulation meta-model (GCMM) able to reproduce the closed-form solutions obtained in earlier studies, the numerical solutions obtained from GCM simulations, and solutions provided by intermediate models, assuming the slow rotator approximation. We used this approach to characterise the atmospheric stability of Earth-sized rocky planets with dry atmospheres containing CO2, and we benchmarked it against 3D GCM simulations using the THOR GCM.
Results. We observe that the collapse pressure below which collapse occurs can vary by ~40% around the value predicted by analytical scaling laws depending on the mechanisms taken into account among radiative transfer, atmospheric dynamics, and turbulent diffusion. Particularly, we find (i) that the turbulent diffusion taking place in the dayside planetary boundary layer (PBL) globally tends to warm up the nightside surface hemisphere except in the transition zone between optically thin and optically thick regimes, (ii) that the PBL also significantly affects the day-night advection timescale, and (iii) that the slow rotator approximation holds from the moment that the normalised equatorial Rossby deformation radius is greater than 2.
Optimizing Treatment of Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Using Combined DIEP Flap and Lymphedema Surgery
Authors: Chang Edward I. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPatients undergoing treatment for breast cancer who undergo an axillary dissection and require adjuvant therapies such as radiation and chemotherapy are at high risk of developing lymphedema of the associated extremity. Historically, patients with lymphedema were treated with ablative procedures aimed simply to remove excess fluid and adiposity; however, the field of lymphatic surgery employing super-microsurgery techniques has witnessed tremendous advances in a relatively short period of time. Advancements in surgical instruments, microscope magnification and optics, imaging technology, and surgeon experience have ushered in a new era of hope to treat patients suffering from breast cancer–related lymphedema (BCRL). Here we aim to present the available options for patients suffering from BCRL, and the pinnacle in reconstruction and restoration for these patients.
Therapeutic Effects of Amnion-Conjugated Chitosan-Alginate Membranes on Diabetic Wounds in an Induced Diabetic Swine Model: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study
Authors: Jeong Woonhyeok , Hong Jamin , Jung Minho , Jang Mijin , An Sanghyun , Jo Taehee , Kwon Sunyoung , Son Daegu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Chitosan (CS) is a well-known antimicrobial dressing material. Moreover, widely used amniotic membranes contain growth factors beneficial for wound healing. Herein, we created a novel amnion-conjugated CS-alginate membrane dressing and tested its wound healing potency in a diabetic swine model.
Methods The bovine amniotic powder growth factor contents were evaluated by protein assay, and the powder's wound healing effects were assessed in vitro by HaCaT cell scratch closure. In vivo, two minipigs developed streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Serial serum glucose measurements and intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed to confirm their diabetic status. Twelve square-shaped wounds created on each pig's back were randomly divided into control (n = 4), CS (n = 4), and amnion-CS (AC; n = 4) groups and treated accordingly with different dressings. Wound healing in each group was assessed by measuring wound contraction over time, capturing wound perfusion with indocyanine green (ICG) angiography, and histologically analyzing inflammatory markers.
Results Amniotic powder elution promoted HaCaT cell migration in the scratch wound model, suggesting its beneficial in vitro wound healing effects. In vivo, the CS and AC groups showed earlier wound contraction initiation and reepithelialization and earlier wound perfusion improvement by ICG angiography than the control group. Additionally, the wound size of the AC group at week 3 was significantly smaller than those in the control group. There was no significant difference in the numbers of acute and chronic inflammatory cells between the groups.
Conclusion The amnion-conjugated CS-alginate membrane, as well as CS dressing alone, could be a favorable dressing option for diabetic wounds.
Police recruits’ wants and needs in police training in Germany
Authors: Staller Mario S. , Koerner Swen , Heil Valentina , Abraham Andrew , Poolton Jamie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPolice recruits undertake mandatory training programmes to prepare for conflict situations. To motivate recruits to engage in what is called “police training” (“Polizeitraining” or “Einsatztraining”) in Germany, police trainers should design activities that align with what the recruitswantfrom training. As such, the current study investigated the wants and subjective training needs of police recruits by asking twenty-seven recruits of a German police force to identify positive and negative aspects of police training, as well as the characteristics of a competent police trainer. The qualitative data was analysed using content analysis. Higher order themes consisted of (a) the relevance of police training; (b) motivating aspects of police training; (c) negative aspects of police training; and (d) characteristics of a competent police trainer. Recruits expressed that police training is an important part of their education, which they perceived as relevant in preparing them for their duty and for upcoming performance tests. Prominent motivating aspects included the perception of competence and being challenged holistically. De-contextualized practice and static repetitions were demotivating factors. The police trainer is perceived to play a prominent role in learning and recruits want police trainers to (a) have sound knowledge of the taught content; (b) effectively deliver the training content; and (c) be mindful of individual differences. By offering insight into the wants and needs of recruits undertaking police training, the current study informs the practice of police trainers and trainer developers.
Construing FL writers’ meaning-making choices in a historical recount genre in Spanish
Authors: Sheldon Elena 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study reports on a four-semester teaching programme for foreign language (FL) intermediate writing abilities
in Spanish to be implemented in educational practice. The study conducts qualitative analysis, drawing on systemic functional
linguistics (SFL), of developmental changes in twenty undergraduate, Spanish Level 4 students, based on their performance of, and
comments on, pre- and post-instructional written tasks, focusing on meaning-making choices in the construction of a historical
recount genre over one semester of instruction at an Australian university. Responding to the need for research on academic
writing in FL, the paper shows that SFL facilitates students’ understanding of writing development in an FL as they explore
textual, ideational and interpersonal meanings in conjunction with required lexicogrammatical choices to fulfil the rhetorical
demands of this genre.
The embodiment of language
Authors: Korner Anthony 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper an understanding of psychotherapeutic conversation is outlined emphasising whole-body functioning. The underpinning of conversation by both Central and Autonomic Nervous Systems (CNS & ANS) and evolutionary developments that support social engagement and language are considered. An idea will be taken up that for psychotherapy, language needs to be understood within each patient as more than meets the eye, rather than less, providing a potential for exchanges in the therapeutic conversation that enhance the growth of self for each individual. The notion ofculminativepatterns of communicative interaction speaks to this growth and the enhancement of a sense of meaning in personal contexts. This goes beyond an analytic approach, implying synthesis, integration and growing coherence over time. Human development is towards social engagement, building upon a capacity for relations that are rewarding to the parties involved (Meares 2016). The problem of responding to embodied communication in psychotherapy is considered in relation to moments of meeting, seen as mutative in therapy. Each person is anembodied textwith potential for elaboration, re-shaping and discovery. Clinical illustrations are provided, demonstrating a linguistic model of therapeutic growth and an experimental method that provides a window onto the exchange characteristics of language. To close, the problem of systematising embodiment and its relation to the conversation is considered, along with the implications for therapy and future research, integrating linguistics and interactive functional measures of the body.
Non-linear waves of a surface charge in a cold plasma with an inhomogeneous transition layer on the boundary
Authors: Gradov O M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The properties of nonlinear wave formations of the surface charge, the parameters of which oscillate in time, as well as also other perturbations, the temporal evolution of which is not carried out according to the harmonic law, are considered in the approximation of the inhomogeneous transition layer at the boundary of a cold plasma. A single equation for one of the related parameters of a nonlinear process is obtained, which allows to take into account the influence of an inhomogeneous transition layer, which leads in a linear approximation to the resonant absorption and spatial dispersion of surface oscillations. New forms of nonlinear waves of surface charge have been analyzed.
Metallic ion-based graphene oxide functionalized silk fibroin-based dressing promotes wound healing via improved bactericidal outcomes and faster re-epithelization
Authors: Gupta Sharda , Prasad Pushpa , Roy Amit , Alam Mohammad Mahtab , Ahmed Irfan , Bit Arindam 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
An ideal wound dressing material should enhance the wound healing process and must avoid bacterial contamination. In this study, the synergistic effect of graphene oxide (GO), silver (Ag) and magnesium (Mg) based silk electrospun nanofibrous film on wound healing was evaluated. It reports the influence of essential elements Mg and Ag during the skin regeneration process. Silver and magnesium nanoparticles were doped in graphene oxide. The goal of the present study was to fabricate an electrospun nanofibrous patch with nanoscale fillers to improve the wound recuperation manner and decrease the recuperation time to forestall microorganism infections and improve cellular behavior. Doping was done to insert Ag+ and Mg2+ ions in the crystal lattice of GO to overcome the disadvantage of aggregation of Ag and Mg nanoparticles. In this study, Mg2+ and Ag+ ions doped GO functionalized silk fibroin/PVA dressing material was prepared using the electrospinning technique. It was found that, Mg-GO@NSF/PVA and Ag/Mg-GO@NSF/PVA film possess good cytocompatibility, low hemolytic effect and effective antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities. Furthermore, their improved hydrophilicity and mid-range water vapor transmission rate allow them to be a suitable wound dressing material. Tensile strength of the composite silk film were enhanced relatively to silk/PVA film. The effect of prepared film on wound repair were investigated in excision rat model. It indicates, the wound covered with Ag/Mg-GO@NSF/PVA film showed the highest wound contraction rate and re-epithelization, allowing faster repair of wound sites. In conclusion, the development of metallic ions doped GO based silk fibroin/PVA is a promising approach towards development of antibiotic free wound dressing material. It prevents anti-biofilm formation and also provides adequate therapeutic effects for accelerating wound healing.
Climate regulation ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation are enhanced differently by climate- and fire-smart landscape management
Authors: Campos João C , Rodrigues Sara , Sil Ângelo , Hermoso Virgilio , Freitas Teresa R , Santos João A , Fernandes Paulo M , Azevedo João C , Honrado João P , Regos Adrián 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The implementation of climate-smart policies to enhance carbon sequestration and reduce emissions is being encouraged worldwide to fight climate change. Afforestation practices and rewilding initiatives are climate-smart examples suggested to tackle these issues. In contrast, fire-smart approaches, by stimulating traditional farmland activities or agroforestry practices, could also assist climate regulation while protecting biodiversity. However, there is scarce information concerning the potential impacts of these alternative land management strategies on climate regulation ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation. As such, this work simulates future effects of different land management strategies in the Transboundary Biosphere Reserve of Meseta Ibérica (Portugal-Spain). Climate-smart (‘Afforestation’, ‘Rewilding’) and fire-smart (‘Farmland recovery’, ‘Agroforestry recovery’) scenarios were modelled over a period of 60 years (1990–2050), and their impacts on climate regulation services were evaluated. Species distribution models for 207 vertebrates were built and future gains/losses in climate-habitat suitability were quantified. Results suggest climate-smart policies as the best for climate regulation (0.98 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 of mean carbon sequestration increase and 6801.5 M€ of avoided economic losses in 2020–2050 under Afforestation scenarios), while providing the largest habitat gains for threatened species (around 50% for endangered and critically endangered species under Rewilding scenarios). Fire-smart scenarios also benefit carbon regulation services (0.82 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 of mean carbon sequestration increase and 3476.3 M€ of avoided economic losses in 2020–2050 under Agroforestry scenarios), benefiting the majority of open-habitat species. This study highlights the main challenges concerning management policies in European rural mountains, while informing decision-makers regarding landscape planning under global change.
Recent progress on the J-TEXT three-wave polarimeter-interferometer
Authors: WANG Yuhan , GAO Li , SHI Peng , XU Xin , ZHOU Yinan , YANG Qinglong , YANG Chengyu , TAO Qinlin , SHEN Chengshuo , WANG Yajun , WANG Lu , CHEN Zhipeng , XIA Donghui , CHEN Zhongyong , WANG Nengchao , YANG Zhoujun , DING Yonghua , PAN Yuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The J-TEXT three-wave polarimeter-interferometer system (POLARIS), which measures time-space distribution of electron density and current density, has been optimized with both the optical system and the equilibrium reconstruction method. The phase resolution of a Faraday rotation angle has been improved from 0.1 to 0.06 degree in chords from –0.18 to 0.18 m (plasma minor radius), and the sawtooth oscillation behavior has been detected by Faraday rotation angle measurement. By combining the POLARIS measured data and the equilibrium and fitting code (EFIT), an upgraded equilibrium reconstruction method has been developed, which provides a more accurate temporal and spatial distribution of current density and electron density. By means of the optimized POLARIS and improved equilibrium reconstruction, variations of profiles with increasing density have been carried out, under both Ohmic and electron cyclotron resonance heating discharges.
Local approximation of heterogeneous porous medium equation by some nonlocal dispersal problems
Authors: Sun Jian-Wen , Vo Hoang-Hung 
Published: April 2022

The classical porous medium equation is widely used to model different natural phenomena related to diffusion, filtration and heat propagation. In this short communication, we prove that the solution of porous medium equation can be locally approximated by the solution of a class of nonlocal dispersal equation. Our work is a counterpart to the important works (see Berestycki et al. [J. Funct. Anal. 271 (2016), pp. 2701–2751; J. Math. Biol. 72 (2016), pp. 1693–1745]; Dipierro et al. [J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 19 (2017), pp. 957–966; J. Geom. Anal. 29 (2019), pp. 1428–1455]; Hansen and Netuka [Potential Anal. 2 (1993), pp. 67–71]; Ignat and Rossi [J. Funct. Anal. 251 (2007), pp. 399–437]; Shen and Xie [J. Differential Equations 259 (2015), pp. 7375–7405]; Sprekels and Valdinoci [SIAM J. Control Optim. 55 (2017), pp. 70–93]).
High Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Household Transmission Rates Detected by Dense Saliva Sampling
Authors: Kolodziej Lisa M , van Lelyveld Steven F L , Haverkort Mildred E , Mariman Rob , Sluiter-Post Judith G C , Badoux Paul , de Koff Emma M , Koole Jeffrey C D , Miellet Willem R , Swart Adriaan N , Coipan Elena C , Meijer Adam , Sanders Elisabeth A M , Trzciński Krzysztof , Euser Sjoerd M , Eggink Dirk , van Houten Marianne A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Understanding the dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) household transmission is important for adequate infection control measures in this ongoing pandemic.

Methods
Households were enrolled upon a polymerase chain reaction–confirmed index case between October and December 2020, prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination program. Saliva samples were obtained by self-sampling at days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 from study inclusion. Nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) and oropharyngeal swabs (OPS) were collected by the research team at day 7 and capillary blood samples at day 42. Household secondary attack rate (SAR) and per-person SAR were calculated based on at least 1 positive saliva, NPS, OPS, or serum sample. Whole genome sequencing was performed to investigate the possibility of multiple independent SARS-CoV-2 introductions within a household.

Results
Eighty-five households were included consisting of 326 (unvaccinated) individuals. Comparable numbers of secondary cases were identified by saliva (133/241 [55.2%]) and serum (127/213 [59.6%]). The household SAR was 88.2%. The per-person SAR was 64.3%. The majority of the secondary cases tested positive in saliva at day 1 (103/150 [68.7%]). Transmission from index case to household member was not affected by age or the nature of their relationship. Phylogenetic analyses suggested a single introduction for the investigated households.

Conclusions
Households have a pivotal role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission. By repeated saliva self-sampling combined with NPS, OPS, and serology, we found the highest SARS-CoV-2 household transmission rates reported to date. Salivary (self-) sampling of adults and children is suitable and attractive for near real-time monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in this setting.
Complementary interactions between indirect and direct fitness in a cooperatively breeding bird
Authors: Li Zhibing , Da Xinwei , Lu Xin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAltruism is difficult to explain evolutionarily and to understand it, there is a need to quantify the benefits and costs to altruists. Hamilton’s theory of kin selection argues that altruism can persist if the costs to altruists are offset by indirect fitness payoffs from helping related recipients. Nevertheless, helping nonkin is also common and in such situations, the costs must be compensated for by direct benefits. While previous researchers tended to evaluate the indirect and direct fitness in isolation, we expect that they have a complementary interaction where altruists are associated with recipients of different relatedness within a population. The prediction is tested with 12 years of data on lifetime reproductive success for a cooperatively breeding bird, Tibetan ground tits Pseudopodoces humilis. Helpers who helped distantly related recipients gained significantly lower indirect benefits than those who helped closely related recipients, but the opposite was true for direct fitness, thereby making these helpers have an equal inclusive fitness. Helping efforts were independent of helpers’ relatedness to recipients, but those helping distantly related recipients were more likely to inherit the resident territory, which could be responsible for their high direct reproductive success. Our findings provide an explanatory model for the widespread coexistence of altruists and recipients with varying relatedness within a single population.
Linearized Bayesian estimation of magnetization and depth to magnetic bottom from satellite data
Authors: Szwillus Wolfgang , Baykiev Eldar , Dilixiati Yixiati , Ebbing Jörg 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARY
Estimating the depth to magnetic bottom (DTB) from magnetic data is one of the most important and difficult potential field inversion problems. Since DTB can often be linked to the Curie isotherm depth of magnetite (∼580 °C), it could provide crucial constraints on heat flow, even in remote or inaccessible areas. Spectral methods are the most popular approach to estimate DTB, but their reliability has been challenged on many grounds. In contrast, space-domain methods have received relatively little attention, even though they might avoid some of the limitations of spectral methods. Furthermore, many DTB estimation methods are to some extent ad hoc, which makes uncertainty estimation and effective communication of the results difficult. In this work, we develop a Bayesian approach to estimate susceptibility and DTB from magnetic data. We describe the subsurface in terms of tesseroids and use a two-step inversion procedure that consists of a Monte Carlo Markov Chain hyperparameter optimization and a linearized inversion. This way, the uncertainties due to unknown hyperparameter are rigorously propagated to the final maps of susceptibility and DTB. Additionally, pointwise constraints based on heat flow measurements can be easily included into the inversion. Synthetic tests are used to determine the accuracy and reliability of the new algorithm. We find that heat flow constraints are necessary to achieve reliable results, although already a small number of points is sufficient. Finally, we apply the algorithm to the Australian continent and demonstrate applicability to real data.