bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASL Assessment in Practice: Assessing American Sign Language Across Clinical Settings
Authors: Secora Kristen , Welch Addison , Parks Eva 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:This exploratory research investigates the assessment tools currently used by professionals to measure receptive and expressive American Sign Language (ASL) abilities in students who are deaf/hard of hearing (DHH). Few standardized assessment tools are available for ASL and, of the limited number of tools that exist, even fewer are commercially available for professionals in the schools and clinical settings.Method:Thirty-one professionals (including speech-language pathologists, teachers of students who are DHH, ASL specialists, etc.) completed an online survey about their assessment tools and practices.Results:Most practitioners reported using a variety of assessment tools, some standardized/normed for students who are DHH and others modified from English-based assessments. The Visual Communication and Sign Language Checklist was the most popular ASL assessment followed by the Kendall Conversational Proficiency Levels, Social Communication Skills—Pragmatics Checklist, and Language Development Scale (part of the SKI-HI curriculum). More than 80% of practitioners reported relying on elicited language samples and/or observational language samples.Conclusions:Practitioners reported variable access to and knowledge of appropriate measurement tools for measuring students’ ASL abilities. Continued dissemination of knowledge and better access to assessments are critically needed for professionals who assess these students.
Semantic‐aware spatial regularization correlation filter for visual tracking
Authors: Zha Yufei , Zhang Peng , Pu Lei , Zhang Lichao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCorrelation filters with convolutional neural network (CNN) features have been successfully applied to visual tracking owing to their impressive combined capability for object representation. Unfortunately, further performance improvement is limited due to unwanted boundary effects of the circular structure. In this work, through an in‐depth study of the features’ characteristics, the authors propose a novel tracking strategy to achieve simultaneous filter matching and regularization with CNN features when tracking is on the fly. With a feature decomposed transform matrix, a spatial semantic regularization is generated to reduce the boundary effect effectively during filter optimization. Before each output, the regularized filter is then back performed to match with the extracted features of a search region to find the optimum candidate. Specifically, the most important advantage of the proposed spatial semantic map is to initialize only in the first frame as all the other tracking strategies. Besides, the authors design a novel updating strategy to tackle the cases where the object is occluded or disappeared in the scene. At this time, the maximum of the map is small, even negative. A substantial experiment has been carried out on the popular benchmark tracking datasets; the reliable results have demonstrated that the authors’ method is able to outperform most of the state‐of‐the‐art tracking works in both accuracy and robustness.
The local ternary pattern encoder–decoder neural network for dental image segmentation
Authors: Salih Omran , Duffy Kevin Jan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecent advances in medical imaging analyses, especially the use of deep learning, are helping to identify, detect, classify, and quantify patterns in radiographs. At the centre of these advances is the ability to explore hierarchical feature representations learned from data. Deep learning is invaluably becoming the most sought out technique, leading to enhanced performances in the analysis of medical applications and systems. Deep learning techniques have achieved improved performance results in dental image segmentation. Segmentation of dental radiographs is a crucial step that helps dentists to diagnose dental caries. However, the performance of the deep networks used for these analyses are restrained by various challenging features found in dental carious lesions. Segmentation of dental images is often difficult due to the vast variety of types of topology, intricacies of medical structure and poor image quality caused by conditions such as low contrast, noise, irregular, and fuzzy border edges. These issues are exacerbated by low numbers of data images available for any particular analysis. A robust local ternary pattern encoder–decoder network (LTPEDN) is proposed to overcome dental image segmentation challenges and minimise the computational resources required. This new architecture is a modification of existing methods using an LTP. Images are preprocessed via augmentation and normalisation techniques to increase and prepare the datasets. Thereafter, the dataset input is sent to the LTPEDN for training and testing the model. Segmentation is performed using the non‐learnable layers (the LTP layers) and the learnable layers (standard convolution layers), to extract the ROI of the teeth. The method was evaluated on an augmented dataset of 11, 000 dental images. It was trained on 8, 800 training set images and tested on 2, 200 testing set images. The new method is shown to be 94.32% accurate.
Performance of both‐way communications using a magnetic dipole near the sea surface
Authors: Wang Honglei , Ren Yingda 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWireless data transmission near the sea surface can be realized by electromagnetic (EM) waves. The transmitting antenna is one of the most important parts of the EM communication system. The optimal antenna form can greatly improve communication performance. In this work, theoretical and experimental studies were presented for analysing the communication performance of magnetic dipoles near the sea surface. The influence of the seabed on the EM waves propagation near the sea surface was analysed. The model based on vector potential was built to study the radiation of magnetic dipoles in three‐layered conducting media. The experiments on the sea were conducted to comprehensively verify the EM waves propagation from seawater to seawater, seawater to air, air to air, and air to seawater. The good agreement of the theoretical and experimental results indicates that the performance of a horizontal magnetic dipole is superior to that of a vertical magnetic dipole in both‐way communications between seawater and air. The studies in this work are helpful for antenna design and system development in wireless data transmission near the sea surface.
Common patterns in pulse profiles of high-mass X-ray binaries
Authors: Alonso-Hernández J. , Fürst F. , Kretschmar P. , Caballero I. , Joyce A. M. 
Published: February 2022

Context.X-ray pulsars are binary systems which consist of a neutron star in orbit with a mass donor (companion). In these systems the neutron accretes matter from the companion star, which creates accretion columns or hot spots on the neutron star surface and gives rise to pulsations in the X-ray light curve. The pulse profiles carry information about the accretion and magnetic field geometry. Here we present a study and classification of energy-resolved pulse profiles of a sample of X-ray pulsars, focusing on high-mass X-ray binaries.Aims.Our goal is to perform a classification of X-ray pulsars based on their observed pulse profiles and look for correlations between this classification and their principle physical observables. The analysis pipeline is available online.Methods.We analysed the pulse profiles of a sample of X-ray pulsars using data obtained with the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) and the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). We fitted the energy-resolved pulse profiles with a Fourier series of up to five harmonics. We then used the energy evolution of the different Fourier components to classify the pulse profiles into groups. We investigated relationships between the pulse profile properties and other observables of the systems (e.g. orbital period, magnetic field strength, and luminosity) to study the extreme physics of these systems.Results.The sources were divided into three groups using a classification based on the shape, the dominance of the fitted Fourier harmonics, and their respective evolution with energy. We do not find a conclusive correlation between the pulse profile shapes or groups and other parameters of the systems. However, a weak trend was found when comparing our classification to the sources’ locations in the spin period-orbital period diagram. Further studies are required to confirm this trend.Conclusions.Despite the large variety of pulse profiles of the X-ray pulsars, we found that with our approach clear categories emerge which we use to classify their behaviour as a function of energy. As we do not find a clear relationship between our classification scheme and other parameters, like the luminosity, the magnetic field strength, or the orbital and spin periods, we conclude that X-ray pulse profiles are influenced by other hidden variables.
Anforderungen für den 3-D-Druck von Implantaten
Authors: Andress Sebastian , Kuehlein Titus , Kußmaul Adrian Cavalcanti , Becker Christopher A. , Linhart Christoph , Böcker Wolfgang , Weidert Simon 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung3-D-Druck wird in der Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie zunehmend für die Herstellung patientenspezifischer Implantate verwendet. Ziel dieses strukturierten Reviews ist es, aktuelle Merkmale
und Fähigkeiten zu ermitteln und hieraus Anforderungen an das Implantatdesign und den -druck abzuleiten. Hierzu wurden 98 Veröffentlichungen der letzten 5 Jahre analysiert.Neben Kunststoffen und Metallen können auch biologisches Material und Medikamentensuspensionen zum Druck verwendet werden. Der 3-D-Druck bietet den Vorteil, dass die Implantate individuell
an die Anatomie und Pathologie des Patienten angepasst werden können, also auch bewusst Einfluss auf biomechanischen und -mimetischen Eigenschaften genommen werden kann. Beispielsweise kann
die Oberfläche der Implantate gezielt so optimiert werden, dass eine Osteoinduktivität bewirkt wird. Angewandt wird das Verfahren zum Gelenk- und Knochenersatz sowie für Knorpel- und
Weichteilrekonstruktionen.Somit ergeben sich diverse Anforderungen an das Design und die Herstellung. Da es sich um ein sehr zeit- und kostenintensives Verfahren handelt, sollte eine klare Überlegenheit zu
herkömmlichen Behandlungsmethoden bestehen. Aufgrund der Komplexität des Prozesses ist eine Qualitätssicherung unabdingbar, um die Sicherheit des Patienten zu gewährleisten.Bei komplexen oder von der Norm abweichenden Fällen wird der 3-D-Druck sich zunehmend durchsetzen. Um Qualität zu gewährleisten und effiziente Prozesse zu etablieren, ist eine engere
Verzahnung zwischen Behandlern und Herstellern unabdingbar.
Splenic injury is an under-recognized adverse event of in-patient colonoscopy: a nationwide analysis
Authors: Cortés Pedro , Corral Juan E. , Umar Shifa , Bilal Mohammad , Brahmbhatt Bhaumik , Farraye Francis A. , Kroner Paul T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Splenic injury (SI) during colonoscopy is an underappreciated adverse event. Our aim was to examine the occurrence and outcomes of patients who developed SI after inpatient colonoscopy using a nationwide dataset.
Patients and methods Retrospective, observational study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2012 and 2018. All patients with ICD9/10CM procedural codes for colonoscopy with or without SI were included. The primary outcome was the association between SI and inpatient colonoscopy. Secondary outcomes were inpatient morbidity, mortality, resource utilization, splenectomy rates, hospital length of stay and total hospital costs and charges. Comparative analyses were performed between patients with and without SI. Multivariate regression analyses were utilized.
Results A total of 2,258,040 of inpatient colonoscopies were included. Of these, 240 had associated SI and 25 patients required splenectomy (10.4 %). The incidence of colonoscopy-associated SI remained relatively stable between 2012 and 2018 (0.033 % versus 0.020 %, respectively). The mean age of patients with and without SI was 63.7 and 64.1 years, respectively. The occurrence of SI was calculated as 10.63 cases per 100,000 inpatient colonoscopies. Patients who had associated SI displayed significantly higher odds of inpatient mortality (aOR: 14.45) and ICU stay (aOR: 10.11) compared to those without SI.
Conclusions Splenic injury confers significantly higher odds of inpatient mortality, and resource utilization. The incidence of SI related to colonoscopy remained stable during the study period. Although uncommon, SI should be considered when encountering patients with abdominal pain after colonoscopy.
Long-term results of an endoscopic screening program for superficial esophageal cancer in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Nobre Moura Renata , Kuboki Yeda , Baba Elisa Ryoka , Safatle-Ribeiro Adriana , Martins Bruno , de Paulo Gustavo Andrade , Tolentino Luciano Lenz , de Lima Marcelo Simas , Kulcsar Marco Aurelio , Sallum Rubens Antonio Aissar , Ribeiro Ulysses , Maluf-Filho Fauze 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and study aims Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are at risk of a second primary tumor in the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly in the esophagus. Screening these patients for esophageal carcinoma may help detect asymptomatic dysplasia and early cancer, thus allowing curative treatment and more prolonged survival, but the impact of endoscopic screening remains uncertain. Here we aimed to describe the long-term results of an esophageal SCC screening program in patients with head and neck cancer in terms of prevalence, associated risk factors, and survival.Patients and methods We performed an observational study of a prospectively collected database including patients with HNSCC who had undergone high-definition endoscopy with chromoscopy between 2010 and 2018 at a Brazilian tertiary academic center.Results The study included 1,888 patients. The esophageal SCC prevalence was 7.9 %, with the majority (77.8 %) being superficial lesions. Significant risk factors for esophageal high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and invasive cancer included tumors of the oral cavity and oropharynx and the presence of low-grade dysplasia (LGD). Overall survival (OS) was significantly shorter among patients in whom esophageal cancer was diagnosed at an advanced stage (P < .001). OS did not significantly differ between patients with HGD and early esophageal cancer versus those without esophageal cancer (P = .210)Conclusions Endoscopic screening for superficial esophageal neoplasia in patients with HNSCC improves esophageal cancer detection. Screening could potentially benefit patients with primary cancer located at the oropharynx or oral cavity. In addition, the detection of esophageal LGD indicates a need for endoscopic surveillance.
Radical Heteroarylation of Alkenes and Alkanes via Heteroaryl ­Migration
Authors: Zhu Chen , Wei Yunlong , Wu Xinxin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHeteroarenes are important units in organic chemistry and are ubiquitous in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and numerous artificial molecules. Despite great efforts devoted to accessing heteroarenes, the development of new methods to efficiently produce heteroarenes remains a long-term interest. Recently, the strategy of radical-mediated heteroaryl migration has supplied a robust toolkit for the synthesis of a diversity of heteroaryl-containing compounds. This Account summarizes our recent achievements in this field and provides insight into the incorporation of heteroarenes into organic skeletons.1	Introduction2	Radical-Mediated Heteroarylation of Alkanes and Alkenes via Intramolecular Heteroaryl Migration2.1	C(sp3)–H Heteroarylation via Intramolecular Heteroaryl Migration2.2	Difunctionalization of Alkenes via Intramolecular Heteroaryl Migration3	Intermolecular Difunctionalization of Alkenes via ‘Docking-Migration’ Strategy3.1	Sulfone-Based Bifunctional Reagents for Difunctionalization of Alkenes by Docking Migration3.2	Sulfone-Based Reagents for the Synthesis of N-Fused Heteroarenes by Docking Migration3.3	Tertiary Alcohol Based Bifunctional Reagents for Difunctionalization of Alkenes by Docking Migration3.4	Diaryl Ether Based Bifunctional Reagents for Difunctionalization of Alkenes by Docking Migration3.5	Conclusion
Formation and local structure of framework Al Lewis sites in beta zeolites
Authors: Kobera Libor , Dedecek Jiri , Klein Petr , Tabor Edyta , Brus Jiri , Fishchuk Anna V. , Sklenak Stepan 
Published: February 2022

Framework AlFR Lewis sites represent a substantial portion of active sites in H-BEA zeolite catalysts activated at low temperatures. We studied their nature by 27Al WURST-QCPMG nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and proposed a plausible mechanism of their formation based on periodic density functional theory calculations constrained by 1H MAS, 27Al WURST-QCPMG, and 29Si MAS NMR experiments and FTIR measurements. Our results show that the electron-pair acceptor of AlFR Lewis sites corresponds to an AlTRI atom tricoordinated to the zeolite framework, which adsorbs a water molecule. This AlTRI–OH2 complex is reflected in 27Al NMR resonance with δiso = 70 ± 5 ppm and CQ = 13 ± 2 MHz. In addition, the AlTRI atom with adsorbed acetonitrile-d3 (the probe of AlFR Lewis sites in FTIR spectroscopy) exhibits a similar 27Al NMR resonance. We suggest that these AlFR Lewis sites are formed from Al–OH–Si–O–Si–O–Si–OH–Al sequences located in 12-rings (i.e., close unpaired Al atoms).
Macrofauna communities and their relationship with soil structural quality in different land use systems
Authors: Demetrio Wilian , Cavalieri-Polizeli Karina Maria Vieira , Guimarães Rachel Muylaert Locks , Ferreira Stephanie de Almeida , Parron Lucilia Maria , Brown George G. 
Published: February 2022

Context Soil structural quality (Sq) influences soil water dynamics, greenhouse gas emissions and plant productivity in natural and agricultural environments. Hence, assessing soil structural quality using simple methods is crucial to identifying potential impacts of different land uses. Aims Identify correlations between Sq and macroinvertebrate communities in seven land use systems (LUS). Methods Seven LUS were studied: native mixed ombrophylous forest (NF), native grassland (NG), native grass pasture (NP), Eucalyptus sp. plantation (EP, 20-years-old), no-tillage annual cropping (NT), integrated crop–livestock (ICL) and crop–livestock–forestry (ICLF). Each LUS had three plots and Sq and macrofauna community were evaluated. Sq was assessed through visual evaluation of soil structure (VESS) – a Sq score was assigned to each identified layer. Soil macrofauna were hand-sorted from each of these layers. Soil samples were taken in each LUS to describe selected chemical and physical attributes related to soil quality. Results All LUS had non-degraded soil structure quality (Sq ≤ 3); however, with differences in Sq among LUS mainly in deeper layers. The VESS showed better Sq in NF (1.53) and NP (1.85) compared to the other LUS, with highest Sq scores for ICL and NG. The NP had the largest macrofauna communities (12 183 ind. m−2), comprising mainly termites and earthworms, with taxa richness highest in NF. Conclusions Correlations between soil macrofauna (i.e. total density, termites and other groups) and Sq were observed, demonstrating that larger macrofauna populations were associated with better soil structural quality. Implications Biological indicators, like soil macrofauna, can be easily measured at low cost and linked to visual Sq, facilitating simultaneous assessment of soil physical and biological health.
Contribution of cytoplasm viscoelastic properties to mitotic spindle positioning
Authors: Xie Jing , Najafi Javad , Le Borgne Rémi , Verbavatz Jean-Marc , Durieu Catherine , Sallé Jeremy , Minc Nicolas 
Published: February 2022

SignificanceThe regulation of mitotic spindle positioning is a key process for tissue architecture, embryo development, and stem cells. To date, most models have assumed that spindles are positioned by forces exerted by polar cytoskeleton networks, like microtubule asters or actomyosin bundles. Here, using in situ magnetic tweezers to apply calibrated forces and torques to mitotic spindles in live dividing sea urchin cells, we found that the viscoelastic properties of the cytoplasm medium in which spindles are embedded can hold spindles in place and move them back if their original position is perturbed. These viscoelastic forces are large and may significantly participate in the force balance that position and orient mitotic spindles in many cell types.
Deciphering the endometrial niche of human thin endometrium at single-cell resolution
Authors: Lv Haining , Zhao Guangfeng , Jiang Peipei , Wang Huiyan , Wang Zhiyin , Yao Simin , Zhou Zhenhua , Wang Limin , Liu Dan , Deng Wenbo , Dai Jianwu , Hu Yali 
Published: February 2022

Significance
Thin endometrium is the most common reason for uterine infertility and refractory gynecological diseases due to its complexity in pathogenesis and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Here, we profile cells from normal and thin endometrium at single-cell resolution to investigate the sophisticated alterations in the local microenvironment that occur in thin endometrium. Increased cellular senescence, collagen overdeposition, and significant down-regulation of gene expression related to cell proliferation are observed and confirmed. Moreover, we demonstrate aberrant activation of the SEMA3 pathway accompanied by dampened EGF, PTN, and TWEAK signaling pathways in thin endometrium. These findings aid in understanding the mechanisms of thin endometrium and provide new tools to rejuvenate the atrophic endometrium for female fertility preservation and successful pregnancy.
LINE-1 expression in cancer correlates with p53 mutation, copy number alteration, and S phase checkpoint
Authors: McKerrow Wilson , Wang Xuya , Mendez-Dorantes Carlos , Mita Paolo , Cao Song , Grivainis Mark , Ding Li , LaCava John , Burns Kathleen H. , Boeke Jef D. , Fenyö David 
Published: February 2022

Significance
In addition to canonical genes, our genomes encode repetitive copies of the LINE-1 retrotransposon. These elements duplicate themselves by cutting a single-strand break in genomic DNA and then reverse transcribing a new LINE-1 DNA copy into that breakpoint. In most contexts, LINE-1 elements are epigenetically repressed, but they are dramatically derepressed in many cancers, where they have the potential to impact genome integrity. We probed publicly available multiomic data from the CPTAC to identify the DNA damage response correlates of LINE-1 expression and validated the potential for LINE-1 overexpression to trigger RAD50 phosphorylation—a key step in an S phase double-strand break response pathway that we found to be highly correlated with LINE-1 expression in endometrial cancer.
Viral PB1-F2 and host IFN-γ guide ILC2 and T cell activity during influenza virus infection
Authors: Barman Tarani Kanta , Huber Victor C. , Bonin Jesse L. , Califano Danielle , Salmon Sharon L. , McKenzie Andrew N. J. , Metzger Dennis W. 
Published: February 2022

SignificanceThe regulation of functional immune cell plasticity is poorly understood. Host environmental cues are critical, but the possible influence of pathogen-derived virulence factors has not been described. We have used reverse-engineered influenza A viruses that differ in PB1-F2 activity to analyze influenza in mice in the presence or absence of host interferon (IFN)-γ. In the absence of functional PB1-F2 and IFN-γ, lung ILC2s initiated robust IL-5 responses following viral challenge, which led to improved tissue integrity and survival. Conversely, functional PB1-F2 suppressed IL-5+ILC2 responses and induced a dominant IL-13+CD8 T cell response regardless of host IFN-γ. These findings demonstrate the critical interplay between the viral virulence factors and host cytokines in regulating protective pulmonary immunity during influenza virus infection.