bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coating formulation change leads to inferior performance of long-lasting insecticidal nets in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Bubun Nakei , Anetul Evodia , Koinari Melanie , Freeman Timothy W. , Karl Stephan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) play a key role in reducing malaria transmission in endemic countries. In a previous study, the authors demonstrated a substantial decrease in the bioefficacy of LLINs for malaria prevention delivered to Papua New Guinea (PNG) between 2013 and 2019. This coincided with a rise in malaria cases in the country. The present study was aimed at determining the underlying cause of the reduced bioefficacy observed in these LLINs. The main hypothesis was that a change in the coating formulation of the respective LLIN product was responsible, and had led to significantly altered product properties and performance.

Methods
A set of PermaNet® 2.0 LLIN samples (n = 12) manufactured between 2007 and 2019 was subjected to combustion ion chromatography in order to understand the chemistry of the LLIN polymer coating formulation. In addition, World Health Organization (WHO) LLIN standard wash tests and cone bioassays were conducted to further characterize the change in product performance that occurred between 2012 and 2013.

Results
High polymer fluorine content (average 3.2 g/kg) was measured in PermaNet® 2.0 manufactured up to 2012, whereas nets which were manufactured after 2012 contained very little polymer fluorine (average 0.04 g/kg) indicating a coating formulation change from a fluorocarbon (FC)-based to a non-FC-based formulation. The coating formulation change as part of the manufacturing process thus resulted in a significant reduction in bioefficacy. In addition, the manufacturing change affected wash resistance leading to a faster reduction in 24 h mosquito mortality in the non-FC-coated product with consecutive washes.

Conclusion
A change in coating formulation of PermaNet® 2.0 resulted in reduced product performance in PNG. Post-2012 PermaNet® 2.0 LLINs should not be considered to be the same product as PermaNet® 2.0 LLINs produced prior to and in 2012. Coating formulation changes should be validated to not impact LLIN product performance.
Sex-related differences in single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with dyslipidemia in a Korean population
Authors: Lee Gyeonghee , Jeon Hye Kyung , Yoo Hae Young 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of dyslipidemia has increased steadily in Korea, and the incidence of dyslipidemia differs by sex. In this study, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to dyslipidemia in Korean cohorts through genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis.

Methods
Genotyping was conducted to determine the genotypes of 72,298 participants and investigate genotypes for 7,079,946 SNPs. Sex, age, and BMI were set as covariates for GWAS, and significant SNPs were identified in the discovery and replication stages using logistic regression.

Results
GWAS of the entire cohort revealed a total of five significant SNPs: rs117026536 (LPL), rs651821 (APOA5), rs9804646 (APOA5), rs9926440 (CETP), and rs429358 (APOE). GWAS of the male subjects revealed a total of four significant SNPs. While rs9804646 (APOA5) and rs429358 (APOE) were significant for all the subjects, rs662799 (APOA5) and rs56156922 (CETP) were significant only for the male subjects. GWAS of the female subjects revealed two significant SNPs, rs651821 (APOA5) and rs9804646 (APOA5), both of which were significant in all the subjects.

Conclusion
This is the first study to identify sex-related differences in genetic polymorphisms in Korean populations with dyslipidemia. Further studies considering environmental variables will be needed to elucidate these sex-related genetic differences in dyslipidemia.
Intravital electrochemical nanosensor as a tool for the measurement of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species in liver diseases
Authors: Abakumova Tatiana , Vaneev Alexander , Naumenko Victor , Shokhina Arina , Belousov Vsevolod , Mikaelyan Arsen , Balysheva Kamilla , Gorelkin Peter , Erofeev Alexander , Zatsepin Timofei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractReactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are formed during normal cellular metabolism and contribute to its regulation, while many pathological processes are associated with ROS/RNS imbalances. Modern methods for measuring ROS/RNS are mainly based on the use of inducible fluorescent dyes and protein-based sensors, which have several disadvantages for in vivo use. Intravital electrochemical nanosensors can be used to quantify ROS/RNS with high sensitivity without exogenous tracers and allow dynamic ROS/RNS measurements in vivo. Here, we developed a method for quantifying total ROS/RNS levels in the liver and evaluated our setup in live mice using three common models of liver disease associated with ROS activation: acute liver injury with CCl4, partial hepatectomy (HE), and induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We have demonstrated using intravital electrochemical detection that any exposure to the peritoneum in vivo leads to an increase in total ROS/RNS levels, from a slight increase to an explosion, depending on the procedure. Analysis of the total ROS/RNS level in a partial hepatectomy model revealed oxidative stress, both in mice 24 h after HE and in sham-operated mice. We quantified dose-dependent ROS/RNS production in CCl4-induced injury with underlying neutrophil infiltration and cell death. We expect that in vivo electrochemical measurements of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species in the liver may become a routine approach that provides valuable data in research and preclinical studies.
An evaluation of postmarketing reports of hyperglycaemia associated with dolutegravir for treatment of HIV in Eswatini
Authors: Duga Alemayehu L. , Magongo Sibongile , Nhlabatsi Siphesihle , Ladwar Denis O. , Härmark Linda , Rolfes Leàn 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Dolutegravir (DTG) is an Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor (INSTI) indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV infection. It is available in a number of pharmaceutical preparations including the fixed-dose combination (TLD) containing tenofovir (300 mg) + lamivudine (300 mg) + dolutegravir (50 mg). In 2018, Eswatini adopted TLD as the preferred first-line HIV treatment regimen for adults and adolescents as per WHO recommendations. From March 2019 to March 2020, the National Pharmacovigilance Center (NPC) in Eswatini received 8 reports of hyperglycaemia associated with the use of DTG. This study was conducted to investigate if Eswatini NPC database included cases suggestive of causality between dolutegravir and hyperglycaemia.

Method
A qualitative synthesis of information from the Eswatini national pharmacovigilance database from March 2019 to March 2020 was conducted to investigate a casual association between hyperglycaemia and dolutegravir.

Results
All reports with dolutegravir containing regimen and suspected Adverse Event of hyperglycaemia in the period of March 2019 to March 2020 were included in the study. Seven of the reports were serious (resulted in hospitalization and one case concerned optic neuritis, leading to blindness). Two patients had a medical history of diabetes while the rest of the patients had never experienced hyperglycaemia before starting dolutegravir. For all the reports, the time to onset of hyperglycaemia ranges from 2–5 months after the initiation of DTG. None of the patients discontinued the use of DTG. All the patients were treated with oral hypoglycaemic medication. In severe cases, patients were treated with intravenous normal saline and ringer lactate as well as rapid-acting insulins. All patients are currently stable on oral hypoglycaemic drugs.

Conclusion
Cases that support causality between dolutegravir containing regimen and hyperglycaemia were found. These cases were mainly serious. Based on these findings it is recommended that healthcare professionals (HCPs) actively screen all patients for risk factors of hyperglycaemia before DTG initiation. In addition, it is important that HCPs are aware of the possible association between DTG and hyperglycaemia.
Triple tSMS system (“SHIN jiba”) for non-invasive deep brain stimulation: a validation study in healthy subjects
Authors: Shibata Sumiya , Watanabe Tatsunori , Matsumoto Takuya , Yunoki Keisuke , Horinouchi Takayuki , Kirimoto Hikari , Zhang Jianxu , Wang Hen , Wu Jinglong , Onishi Hideaki , Mima Tatsuya 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) using a small and strong neodymium (NdFeB) magnet can temporarily suppress brain functions below the magnet. It is a promising non-invasive brain stimulation modality because of its competitive advantages such as safety, simplicity, and low-cost. However, current tSMS is insufficient to effectively stimulate deep brain areas due to attenuation of the magnetic field with the distance from the magnet. The aim of this study was to develop a brand-new tSMS system for non-invasive deep brain stimulation.

Methods
We designed and fabricated a triple tSMS system with three cylindrical NdFeB magnets placed close to each other. We compared the strength of magnetic field produced by the triple tSMS system with that by the current tSMS. Furthermore, to confirm its function, we stimulated the primary motor area in 17 healthy subjects with the triple tSMS for 20 min and assessed the cortical excitability using the motor evoked potential (MEP) obtained by transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Results
Our triple tSMS system produced the magnetic field sufficient for neuromodulation up to 80 mm depth from the magnet surface, which was 30 mm deeper than the current tSMS system. In the stimulation experiment, the triple tSMS significantly reduced the MEP amplitude, demonstrating a successful inhibition of the M1 excitability in healthy subjects.

Conclusion
Our triple tSMS system has an ability to produce an effective magnetic field in deep areas and to modulate the brain functions. It can be used for non-invasive deep brain stimulation.
The Slow Train to Reforming Anti-Dumping Measures
Authors: Yilmazcan Abdulkadir 
Published: November 2022

This essay examines the need for and slow progress towards a revision of the Anti-Dumping Agreement. There are ongoing negotiations on the Anti-Dumping Agreement, but they are without positive outcomes. Several reasons account for this failure such as the deadlock in the Doha Development Round, mega trade agreements and the unwillingness of top anti-dumping users to engage in meaningful reform. In this paper, alternative solutions are proposed to settle the hidden trade protectionism in anti-dumping investigations. Normative solutions include a comprehensive reform of the Anti-Dumping Agreement. Such a revision has already been suggested in the literature, but this study departs from most others by prioritizing procedural issues rather than substantive ones. The study proposes changes to enhancing procedural justice in anti-dumping processes.
Keywords: World Trade Organization; Anti-Dumping Agreement; Negotiating Group on Rules.
Cladonia Verticillaris (Raddi) Fr., PARA DIAGNOSTICO DA SALUBRIDADE DO AR DECORRENTE DA EXTRAÇÃO E BENEFICIAMENTO DE CALCÁRIO EM VERTENTE DO LÉRIO, PERNAMBUCO (BRASIL)
Authors: Cunha Maria Helena Alves da , Silva Joelmir Marques da , Mota Filho Fernando de Oliveira , Silva Nicácio Henrique da , Pereira Eugênia Cristina Gonçalves 
Published: November 2022

Os liquens têm sido utilizados como biomonitores em vários países pela sua eficiência na detecção e quantificação de poluentes atmosféricos. Neste trabalho utilizou-se Cladonia verticillaris (Raddi) Fr., com o objetivo de avaliar as alterações fisiológicas existentes após sua exposição permanente de material particulado, resultante de atividades de extração e beneficiamento de calcário em Vertente do Lério, Pernambuco (Brasil). Foram transplantadas amostras de C. verticillaris de Saloá - PE, cujo índice de poluição é quase nulo, para a área de estudo. C. verticillaris foi exposta ao ambiente no período de maio a dezembro de 2006, tendo sido recolhidas amostras mensais para ensaios. Estas foram analisadas através das Cromatografias de Camada Delgada (CCD) e a Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE). Os resultados evidenciaram variações no metabolismo da espécie, que alterou a produção de sua substância principal, o ácido fumarprotocetrarico, além do acúmulo de produtos intermediários da sua biossíntese. Os efeitos foram mais evidentes nas amostras colocadas mais próximas aos emitentes, e/ou nas que estavam em localização a favor da direção predominante dos ventos.
Palavras-chave - biomonitor; liquens;poluição atmosférica; calcário.
Befundbuch 3.0. Befundansprache und Befundverortung durch semantische Technologien
Authors: Breitling Stefan , Arera-Rütenik Tobias , Giese Jürgen , Salzer Leonhard 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBuilding archaeological findings are the primary sources of historic building research and an important basis for object-oriented interpretation in architectural history. In order to preserve the spatial, temporal and other content-related cross-references and contexts that are particularly valuable for analysis, a loose collection of diverse presentation formats such as descriptive texts, findings sheets, plan drawings and 3D representations has become established. However, this diversity is also a reason for the lack of accessibility and sustainable connectivity of this useful information. Linked Open Data technologies of the Semantic Web offer the possibility of making the findings available in a human- and machine-readable form, together with their diverse references. This requires consistent ›semantic modelling‹ of the material evidence in ontological form, oriented on specialist scientific needs.
Dynamic regulation of eEF1A1 acetylation affects colorectal carcinogenesis
Authors: Jiang Hongpeng , Zhang Yu , Liu Boya , Yang Xin , Wang Zhe , Han Meng , Li Huiying , Luo Jianyuan , Yao Hongwei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The dysregulation of the translation elongation factor families which are responsible for reprogramming of mRNA translation has been shown to contribute to tumor progression. Here, we report that the acetylation of eukaryotic Elongation Factor 1 Alpha 1 (eEF1A1/EF1A1) is required for genotoxic stress response and maintaining the malignancy of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. The evolutionarily conserved site K439 is identified as the key acetylation site. Tissue expression analysis demonstrates that the acetylation level of eEF1A1 K439 is higher than paired normal tissues. Most importantly, hyperacetylation of eEF1A1 at K439 negatively correlates with CRC patient survival. Mechanistically, CBP and SIRT1 are the major acetyltransferase and deacetylase of eEF1A1. Hyperacetylation of eEF1A1 at K439 shows a significant tumor-promoting effect by increasing the capacity of proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Our findings identify the altered post-translational modification at the translation machines as a critical factor in stress response and susceptibility to colorectal carcinogenesis.
Preface
Authors: Supera-Markowska Maria 
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this paper which serves as an introduction to the special edition of the quarterly of “Finanse i Prawo finansowe. Journal of Finance and Financial Law” under the title of Current Challenges for National Tax Policies and International Tax Coordination – Selected Issues from the Polish, Spanish and International Perspectives, is to outline major issues and challenges in shaping national and international tax policies. The research hypothesis is that, to a large extent, the economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, but also the changing economic reality associated with the progressive internationalization and digitalization of business activity, pose numerous and significant challenges in the field of shaping tax policies, both at the national and international level. The research was carried out using a dogmatic-legal and legal-comparative method, taking into account the provisions of law, the body of literature as well as some economic data. The result of the research is to establish a starting point for further analysis of selected topics that reflect the major current challenges for national tax policies and international tax coordination. They include the question of legitimacy of taxes, the issues of correct realisation of the fiscal function of taxes while at the same time implementing the basic tax principles, the matter of tax compliance and the question of tax policy-shaping within the framework of the democratic law-governed state. Those issues presented from the Polish and Spanish perspectives, hopefully may provide an interesting contribution and make a valuable input to further discussions on the issue of shaping tax policies, both at the national and international levels.
A confidence ellipse analysis for stochastic dynamics model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Gao Jianzhong , Ji Ju-Ping , Liu Yan-Ping , Zhang Feng , Wang Rui-Wu , Wang Hao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease, which is caused by the aggregation of beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) in the patient’s brain and the disorder of Ca2+ homeostasis in neurons. Caluwé and Dupont [1] proposed a deterministic AD model to explore the effect of Ca2+ on AD. They demonstrated the positive feedback loop between Aβ and Ca2+ and the occurrence of bistability. Based on their results, we further discuss the bistable behaviors. We present two periodically feasible drug strategies to alleviate the AD and screen out more effective one. In this paper, we also formulate a stochastic AD model, analyze the existence and uniqueness of global positive solutions and establish sufficient conditions for the existence of ergodic stationary distribution. Furthermore, the confidence ellipses describing the configurational arrangement of stochastic coexistence equilibria are constructed by stochastic sensitivity function technique, and tipping threshold is estimated as well. Noise-induced stochastic switching between two coexistence equilibria is observed in bistability region. Our results provide a new idea to control noise to alleviate AD through physical therapy and drug therapy.
Dynamic Simulation of Carbon Emission under Different Policy Scenarios in Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration, China
Authors: Ding Yi , Yin Jian , Jiang Hongtao , Xia Ruici , Zhang Bin , Luo Xinyuan , Wei Danqi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration (PRDUA) is a key region in China's economic development and ecological civilization construction, and also an important global economic cluster area. The carbon emission (CE) prediction can provide a basis for local governments to formulate sustainable development policies. In order to make more accurate predictions of CE in the PRDUA, the STIRPAT model was employed to classify CE influencing factors into seven dimensions, on the basis of which a system dynamics model was constructed to analyze the multi-dimensional impact of CE. Then, 21 CE prediction scenarios were created at the city level based on the spatial heterogeneity analysis of the CE factors by Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR). The results showed that the PRDUA as a whole will reach carbon peak (CP) by 2025. Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Dongguan will reach CP before 2020, while other cities will reach CP by 2025–2030. The government policy constraints can effectively curb CE, but if government constraints were relaxed, CE will rise and individual cities will not reach CP. Comprehensive CE reduction policies are better than a single CE reduction policy. Finally, the study discussed the relationship between economic development and CE, and put forward some policy suggestions for CE reduction.
A Study on Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Distribution Vehicles
Authors: Ergün Serap 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A self-driving car, also called an autonomous vehicle, is capable of sensing the environment and driving without any human intervention, utilizing software algorithms and a fully automated driving system. This allows the vehicle to manage external conditions similar to a human. Safe and efficient delivery services require road controls and road restrictions to prevent accidents and reduce damage from unexpected technical failures. This study formulates the Autonomous Delivery Vehicles optimization problem and proposes a multi-agent reinforcement learning method using the analytically calculated shortest path information.
Quantifying the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Trial Enrollment Rates Over Time in 37 Countries
Authors: McDonald Kelsey , Saini Kamal S. , Lu Mary , Gaisenband Stefan Diaz , Fletcher Cassandra , McLeroth Patrick , Seltzer Earl 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented and disruptive impact on people’s health and lives worldwide. In addition to burdening people’s health in the short-term in the form of infection, illness, and mortality, there has been an enormous negative impact on clinical research. Clinical trials experienced challenges in ensuring patient safety and enrolling new patients throughout the pandemic. Here, we investigate and quantify the negative impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has industry-sponsored clinical trials, both in the United States and worldwide. We find a negative correlation between the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and clinical trial enrollment rate, with the relationship being strongest during the first three months of the pandemic compared to the entire duration of the pandemic. This negative statistical relationship holds across therapeutic areas, across states in the US despite the heterogeneity of responses at the state-level, and across countries. This work has significant implications for the management of clinical trials worldwide in response to the fluctuating severity of COVID-19 moving forward, and for future pandemics.