bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Relationship between Bladder Cancer Gene Mutation and Clinical Prognosis by High-Throughput Sequencing
Authors: Li Xiaohang , Liu Jie , Li An’an , Liu Xin , Miao Yuesong , Wang Zhiyong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveBladder cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in urology in China. The analysis of gene mutation in bladder cancer and its relationship with clinical characteristics and prognosis will provide a basis for accurate treatment of bladder cancer. The aim of this study was to analyze the mutations and functional regions of bladder cancer–related genes based on high-throughput sequencing, and to explore the relationship between mutations and clinicopathological features, as well as its prognosis and clinical implication.MethodsFrom April 2020 to October 2020, a total of 47 patients with bladder cancer in the Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College were studied. Gene sequencing was performed using Nextseq CN500 System, a high-throughput sequencing platform. The results of gene detection were described, and the relationship and clinical value of high frequency mutated genes with clinicopathological features and prognosis were systematically analyzed.ResultsA total of 29 mutation genes, 61 exons, and 95 mutation sites were identified in this study. The frequencies of TP53, FGFR3, PIK3CA, ERBB2, MUC4, and KRAS mutation are relatively high, accounting for 59.92 % of the total mutation frequency. The TP53 was significantly associated with muscle invasive bladder cancer, T2 stage, and progression-free survival, while FGFR3 was significantly associated with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and T1 stage.ConclusionHigh-throughput sequencing technology provides a successful approach for detecting bladder cancer gene mutations. The TP53, FGFR3, PIK3CA, ERBB2, MUC4, and KRAS genes have high mutation frequencies in bladder cancer patients. The TP53, FGFR3 and PIK3CA genes may play a predictive role in the prognosis of bladder cancer, which may hold certain guiding significance for in-depth study of the pathogenesis of bladder cancer and the development of targeted therapies.
Inferring galaxy dark halo properties from visible matter with machine learning
Authors: von Marttens Rodrigo , Casarini Luciano , Napolitano Nicola R , Wu Sirui , Amaro Valeria , Li Rui , Tortora Crescenzo , Canabarro Askery , Wang Yang 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Next-generation surveys will provide photometric and spectroscopic data of millions to billions of galaxies with unprecedented precision. This offers a unique chance to improve our understanding of the galaxy evolution and the unresolved nature of dark matter (DM). At galaxy scales, the density distribution of DM is strongly affected by feedback processes, which are difficult to fully account for in classical techniques to derive galaxy masses. We explore the capability of supervised machine learning (ML) algorithms to predict the DM content of galaxies from ‘luminous’ observational-like parameters, using the TNG100 simulation. In particular, we use photometric (magnitudes in different bands), structural (the stellar half-mass radius and three different baryonic masses), and kinematic (1D velocity dispersion and the maximum rotation velocity) parameters to predict the total DM mass, DM half-mass radius, and DM mass inside one and two stellar half-mass radii. We adopt the coefficient of determination, R2, as a metric to evaluate the accuracy of these predictions. We find that using all observational quantities together (photometry, structural, and kinematics), we reach high accuracy for all DM quantities (up to R2 ∼ 0.98). This first test shows that ML tools are promising to predict the DM in real galaxies. The next steps will be to implement the observational realism of the training sets, by closely selecting samples that accurately reproduce the typical observed ‘luminous’ scaling relations. The so-trained pipelines will be suitable for real galaxy data collected from Rubin/Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), Euclid, Chinese Survey Space Telescope (CSST), 4-metre Multi-Object Spectrograph Telescope (4MOST), Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), to derive e.g. the properties of their central DM fractions.
Changes in Ploidy Drive Reproduction Transition and Genomic Diversity in a Polyploid Fish Complex
Authors: Lu Meng , Li Zhi , Zhu Zi-Yu , Peng Fang , Wang Yang , Li Xi-Yin , Wang Zhong-Wei , Zhang Xiao-Juan , Zhou Li , Gui Jian-Fang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Unisexual animals are commonly found in some polyploid species complexes, and most of these species have had a long evolutionary history. However, their method for avoiding genomic decay remains unclear. The polyploid Carassius complex naturally comprises the sexual amphidiploid C. auratus (crucian carp or goldfish) (AABB) and the gynogenetic amphitriploid C. gibelio (gibel carp) (AAABBB). Recently, we developed a fertile synthetic amphitetraploid (AAAABBBB) male from C. gibelio by incorporating a C. auratus genome. In this study, we generated novel amphitriploids (AAABBB) by backcrossing the amphitetraploid male with the amphidiploid C. auratus. Whole-genome resequencing revealed the genomic changes, including recombination and independent assortment between homologs of C. gibelio and C. auratus. The fertility, sex determination system, oocyte development, and fertilization behaviors of the novel amphitriploids were investigated. Approximately 80% of the novel amphitriploid females recovered the unisexual gynogenesis ability. Intriguingly, two types of primary oocyte (with and without homolog synapsis) were discovered, and their distinct development fates were observed. Type I oocytes entered apoptosis due to improper synaptonemal complex assembly and incomplete double-strand break repair, whereas subsequent type II oocytes bypassed meiosis through an alternative ameiotic pathway to develop into mature eggs. Moreover, gynogenesis was stabilized in their offspring, and a new array of diverse gynogenetic amphitriploid clones was produced. These revealed genomic changes and detailed cytological data provide comprehensive evidence that changes in ploidy drive unisexual and sexual reproduction transition, thereby resulting in genomic diversity and allowing C. gibelio avoid genomic decay.
Predicting the response to pulmonary vasodilator therapy in systemic sclerosis with pulmonary hypertension by using quantitative chest CT
Authors: Ninagawa Keita , Kato Masaru , Kikuchi Yasuka , Sugimori Hiroyuki , Kono Michihito , Fujieda Yuichiro , Tsujino Ichizo , Atsumi Tatsuya 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is associated with pulmonary vascular disease and interstitial lung disease, making it difficult to differentiate pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to lung diseases and/or hypoxia and to decide treatments. We aimed to predict the response to pulmonary vasodilators in patients with SSc and PH.

Methods
Eighty-four SSc patients were included with 47 having PH. Chest computed tomography was evaluated using software to calculate the abnormal lung volume (ALV). To define the response to vasodilators, Δ mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP)/basal mPAP was used (cut-off value: 10%). The predictive value was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results
The mean (±standard deviation) value of ALV was 26.8 (±32.2) %. A weak correlation was observed between ALV and forced vital capacity (FVC) (R = –0.46). The predictive value of ALV [area under curve (AUC) = 0.74] was superior to that of FVC (AUC = 0.62) for the response to vasodilators. No hemodynamic parameters differed between patients with high and low ALV, whereas survival was worse in high ALV.

Conclusions
Quantitative chest computed tomography well predicted the response to vasodilators in patients with SSc and PH. Our results suggest its utility in differentiating the dominance of pulmonary vascular disease or interstitial lung disease.
A Multicenter Evaluation of Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance Among Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates From Adults in the United States
Authors: Mohanty Salini , Johnson Kelly D , Yu Kalvin C , Watts Janet A , Gupta Vikas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Management of pneumococcal disease is complicated by high rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study assessed AMR trends for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from adults with pneumococcal disease.

Methods
From January 2011 to February 2020, we evaluated 30-day nonduplicate S. pneumoniae isolates from 290 US hospitals (BD Insights Research Database) from adults (≥18 years) in inpatient and outpatient settings. Isolates were required to have ≥1 AMR result for invasive (blood, cerebrospinal fluid/neurologic) or noninvasive (respiratory or ear/nose/throat) pneumococcal disease samples. Determination of AMR was based on facility reports of intermediate or resistant. Descriptive statistics and generalized estimated equations were used to assess variations over time.

Results
Over the study period, 34 039 S. pneumoniae isolates were analyzed (20 749 [61%] from noninvasive sources and 13 290 [39%] from invasive sources). Almost half (46.6%) of the isolates were resistant to ≥1 drug, and noninvasive isolates had higher rates of AMR than invasive isolates. Total S. pneumoniae isolates had high rates of resistance to macrolides (37.7%), penicillin (22.1%), and tetracyclines (16.1%). Multivariate modeling identified a significant increasing trend in resistance to macrolides (+1.8%/year; P &lt; .001). Significant decreasing trends were observed for penicillin (−1.6%/year; P &lt; .001), extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs; −0.35%/year; P &lt; .001), and ≥3 drugs (−0.5%/year; P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Despite decreasing trends for penicillin, ESCs, and resistance to ≥3 drugs, AMR rates are persistently high in S. pneumoniae isolates among US adults. Increasing macrolide resistance suggests that efforts to address AMR in S. pneumoniae may require antimicrobial stewardship efforts and higher-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.
The Hepatitis C Care Cascade During the Direct-Acting Antiviral Era in a United States Commercially Insured Population
Authors: Ferrante Nicole D , Newcomb Craig W , Forde Kimberly A , Leonard Charles E , Torgersen Jessie , Linas Benjamin P , Rowan Sarah E , Wyles David L , Kostman Jay , Trooskin Stacey B , Lo Re Vincent 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Periodic surveillance of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) care cascade is important for tracking progress toward HCV elimination goals, identifying gaps in care, and prioritizing resource allocation. In the pre-direct-acting antiviral (DAA) era, it was estimated that 50% of HCV-infected individuals were diagnosed and that 16% had been prescribed interferon-based therapy. Since then, few studies utilizing nationally representative data from the DAA era have been conducted in the United States.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study to describe the HCV care cascade in the United States using the Optum de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database to identify a nationally representative sample of commercially insured beneficiaries between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2019. We estimated the number of HCV-viremic individuals in Optum based on national HCV prevalence estimates and determined the proportion who had: (1) recorded diagnosis of HCV infection, (2) recorded HCV diagnosis and underwent HCV RNA testing, (3) DAA treatment dispensed, and (4) assessment for cure.

Results
Among 120,311 individuals estimated to have HCV viremia in Optum during the study period, 109,233 (90.8%; 95% CI, 90.6%–91.0%) had a recorded diagnosis of HCV infection, 75,549 (62.8%; 95% CI, 62.5%–63.1%) had a recorded diagnosis of HCV infection and underwent HCV RNA testing, 41,102 (34.2%; 95% CI, 33.9%–34.4%) were dispensed DAA treatment, and 25,760 (21.4%; 95% CI, 21.2%–21.6%) were assessed for cure.

Conclusions
Gaps remain between the delivery of HCV-related care and national treatment goals among commercially insured adults. Efforts are needed to increase HCV treatment among people diagnosed with chronic HCV infection to achieve national elimination goals.
Risk Factors for Colistin-Resistant Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Postacute Care Setting
Authors: Zhang Helen L , Han Jennifer H , Lapp Zena , Snitkin Evan , Goldstein Ellie J C , Muldoon Sean , Tolomeo Pam , Lautenbach Ebbing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We assessed risk factors for colistin resistance among carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) from 375 patients in long-term acute care hospitals. Recent colistin or polymyxin B exposure was associated with increased odds of colistin resistance (adjusted odds ratio = 1.11 per day of exposure, 95% confidence interval = 1.03–1.19, P = .007).
Mutation of histone H3 serine 28 to alanine influences H3K27me3-mediated gene silencing in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Xu Linhao , Cheng Jinping , Jiang Hua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Histone modifications are essential for chromatin activity and play an important role in many biological processes. Trimethylation of histone H3K27 (H3K27me3) is a repressive modification established by Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2). Although the presence of the histone H3 serine 28 phosphorylation (H3S28ph) modification at adjacent amino acid residues has both positive and negative effects on Polycomb silencing in mammals, little is known about the effect of H3S28ph on H3K27me3-mediated gene silencing in plants. In this study, we show that mutating H3S28A in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) causes a dominant-negative effect that leads to an early-flowering phenotype by promoting the expression of flowering-promoting genes independently of abnormal cell division. While H3S28ph levels decreased due to the H3S28A mutation, H3K27me3 levels at the same loci did not increase. Moreover, we observed decreased H3K27me3 levels at some known PRC2 target genes in H3.3S28A transgenic lines, rather than the expected enhanced H3K27me3-mediated silencing. In line with the reduced H3K27me3 levels, the expression of the PRC2 catalytic subunits CURLY LEAF and SWINGER decreased. Taken together, these data demonstrate that H3.3S28 is required for PRC2-dependent H3K27me3-mediated silencing in Arabidopsis, suggesting that H3S28 has a noncanonical function in H3K27me3-mediated gene silencing.
Measuring Support for Women’s Political Leadership
Authors: Sundström Aksel , Stockemer Daniel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Public opinion surveys are a fundamental tool to measure support for women’s political rights. This article focuses on perceptions of women’s suitability for leadership. To what extent do influential cross-country surveys that include such items suffer from measurement errors stemming from gender of interviewer effects? Building on the literature on social desirability, we expect that respondents are more likely to express preference for men’s suitability as political leaders with male interviewers and more likely to state support for women’s leadership when interviewed by a woman. We hypothesize that these processes are conditioned by having one’s spouse present, by age differences between respondents and interviewers, as well as by respondents’ levels of education. Analyzing Afrobarometer data, we generally find support for our claims. In addition, it seems that men are slightly more affected by such effects than women are. These gender of interviewer effects persist when analyzing alternative survey rounds and are insensitive to various fixed effects specifications and robustness tests. For the analysis of survey data, we suggest that researchers using gender-related items should control for gender of interviewer effects. We propose that comparative survey programs pay even more attention to interviewer characteristics and the interview situation in their protocols.
Quality of life, disease activity and preferences for administration routes in rheumatoid arthritis: a multicentre, prospective, observational study
Authors: Direskeneli Haner , Karadag Omer , Ates Askin , Tufan Abdurrahman , Inanc Nevsun , Koca Serdar S , Cetin Gozde Y , Akar Servet , Cinar Muhammet , Yilmaz Sedat , Yilmaz Neslihan , Dalkilic Ediz , Bes Cemal , Yilmazer Baris , Sahin Ali , Ersözlü Duygu , Tezcan Mehmet E , Sen Nesrin , Keser Gokhan , Kalyoncu Umut , Armagan Berkan , Hacibedel Basak , Helvacioglu Kerem , Cesur Teoman Y , Basibuyuk Canberk S , Alkan Serdar , Gunay Levent Mert 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective
We aimed to evaluate quality of life (QoL), disease activity, compliance to treatment, patient and physician preferences for route of administration (RoA), status of health and pain in RA patients starting advanced treatments or needing a switch, and the factors associated with patient preferences.

Methods
A multicentre, prospective, observational and 1-year follow-up study was conducted, between 2015 and 2020, in adult RA patients using advanced treatments for the first time or needing a switch in their current treatments. All the data collected were entered into electronic case report forms. DAS in 28 joints with ESR [DAS28-4(ESR)], EuroQol 5-Dimensional Questionnaire (EQ-5D), HAQ Disability Index (HAQ-DI), Compliance Questionnaire for Rheumatology (CQR-19), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Instrument (WPAI) and Patient Global Assessment-Visual Analogue Scale (PGA-VAS) questionnaires were used for longitudinal assessments.

Results
Four hundred and fifty-nine patients were enrolled. Three hundred and eight patients (67.1%) attended the final study visit at 12 months and were included for comparative analyses. Irrespective of RoA, the disease activity and QoL improved significantly at 12 months, whereas compliance worsened. At baseline and 12 months, EQ-5D and DAS28-4(ESR) scores were significantly correlated (P &lt; 0.001). The WPAI scores changed significantly in favour of better outcomes over 12 months after initiation of advanced treatment or switching (P &lt; 0.001). A higher proportion of patients preferred an oral RoA, in comparison to physicians (53.6% vs 31.4%; P &lt; 0.001). Patient and physician RoA preferences were independent of gender, age, disease duration, advanced treatment type and the EQ-5D-3L, DAS28-4(ESR), HAQ-DI, PGA-VAS and CQR-19 scores at baseline.

Conclusion
The oral route was more frequently preferred by patients compared with physicians, although patients’ preference rates showed a slight increase towards the end of the treatment, which might be an important factor for RA outcomes. Better control of disease activity and QoL were achieved at 12 months, regardless of RoA.
Does collective bargaining reduce health inequalities between labour market insiders and outsiders?
Authors: Sochas Laura , Reeves Aaron 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCollective bargaining institutions are correlated with better population health. However, there are still major gaps in our understanding regarding the impact of collective bargaining on health inequalities, particularly between labour market ‘insiders’ and ‘outsiders’. In this study, we investigate the effect of collective bargaining coverage on individuals’ self-rated health, and whether the impact varies according to labour market status. We use four waves of the European Values Survey (1981–2018) and three-level nested random intercept models across 33 OECD and European countries (N = 66 301). We find that stronger and more inclusive collective bargaining institutions reduce health inequalities between the unemployed and the employed by disproportionately improving the health of the unemployed. This study implies that targeting the political institutions that shape the distribution of power and resources is important for reducing health inequalities.
Conglomeration of T- and B-Cell Matrix Responses Determines the Potency of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Authors: Porter Amanda P , Pirlot Bonnie M , Dyer Kalyn , Uwazie Crystal C , Nguyen Jimmy , Turner Caitlin , Rajan Devi , Hematti Peiman , Chinnadurai Raghavan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cell manufacturing facilities need to define the potency of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as cellular therapeutics in advanced clinical trials or marketing approval. Since MSCs’ mechanism of action in humans is not well defined, more than a single functional property of MSCs needs to be captured as a surrogate measure of potency utilizing assay matrix technologies. However, the current limitation is the sole investigation of MSC-mediated T-cell suppression as a surrogate measure of potency. We investigated the effect of MSCs on B-cell matrix responses to be incorporated into the assay matrix potency analytical system. Our results demonstrate that MSCs inhibit B-cell differentiation and block pan-antibody secretion upon activation of B cells in the PBMCs. In contrast, MSCs are inferior in blocking B-cell matrix responses when purified B cells are used. Mechanistic analysis has demonstrated that MSC-mediated inhibition of B-cell matrix responses is non-contact dependent and Tryptophan metabolic pathway plays a major role, akin to the mechanism of MSC-mediated T-cell suppression. MSCs also inhibit both T-cell and B-cell responses when both of these lymphoid populations are concurrently activated in the PBMCs. Secretome analysis of MSC and T/B cell-activated PBMC cocultures identified direct and inverse correlative matrix signatures between humoral antibody isotypes and secretory molecules. The current analysis of the combined and concomitant investigation of T-cell and B-cell matrix responses fulfills the potency assay matrix strategy by incorporating MSCs’ interaction with more than a single inflammatory immune responder.
Patient Race and Racial Composition of Delivery Unit Associated With Disparities in Severe Maternal Morbidity: A Multistate Analysis 2007–2014
Authors: Sastow D.L. , Jiang S.Y. , Tangel V.E. , Matthews K.C. , Abramovitz S.E. , Oxford-Horrey C.M. , White R.S. 
Published: September 2022

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2021;47:103160)
Black women have a higher rate of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) than non-Hispanic White women. Although investigations of SMM and race/ethnicity have typically centered around inequalities at the patient level, SMM is also associated with quality of care at the hospital level. Mothers who give birth in hospitals that serve a disproportionate number of black women (Black-serving hospitals) are more likely to have SMM than mothers who deliver at hospitals that serve fewer black women. Likewise, mothers who deliver at hospitals with a relatively greater proportion of patients without insurance or on public insurance (safety-net burden) have an increased risk for SMM. Few studies have investigated the relationship between hospital-level and patient‐level factors and risk for SMM. Using State Inpatient Databases (SID), data from Healthcare and Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) for the years 2007–2014, this retrospective observational study attempted to calculate the odds of SMM with the hospital-level factors of safety-net burden and Black-serving classification, both separately and in conjunction with the patient’s race/ethnicity.