bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the Effects of Empowerment on Intellectually Disabled Females in Al-Jouf Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazi Adel 
Published: December 2022

Background: Females’ empowerment is prominent in ascertaining economic growth and development. Concerning intellectually disabled females, the impotent charges are because they often face discrimination in education, the workplace, and society and become victims of abuse, neglect, and sexual violence. However, despite being a crucial topic of social interest, the studies in this specific field are limited, especially in Saudi Arabia.
Aim of the Study: The present research has examined the effects of empowerment on intellectually disabled females in Saudi Arabia.
Method: The research employed semi-structured interviews with 18 respondents, including four education workers, social development workers, and intellectually disabled females. The interview responses have been further analysed and evaluated with the help of thematic analyses.
Results and Conclusion: The findings suggest an increased need to empower females in Saudi for poverty reduction, increased literacy rates, ensure educated and socially responsible citizens, happier families, and a violence-free society. Intellectually disabled females are often neglected, abandoned, and sexually ally harassed. Hence, it is essential to empower such females to protect themselves from discrimination and exercise human rights, laws, and policies equally. The results indicate that empowering intellectually disabled females positively affects society by decreasing violence, addressing poverty, and building a healthier, socially responsible, and educated future. Hence, the Saudi government should make disability inclusion for organisations a priority.
Fernández Liesa, Carlos Ramón, Oliva Martínez, J. Daniel y Pérez de la Fuente, Oscar (eds.). Inflación y deflación normativa, no1 Colección Gregorio Peces- Barba, Madrid: Dykinson, 2022.
Authors: Del Moral Sánchez Miguel 
Published: December 2022

Recensión del libro Fernández Liesa, Carlos Ramón, Oliva Martínez, J. Daniel y Pérez de la Fuente, Oscar (eds.). Inflación y deflación normativa, no1 Colección Gregorio Peces- Barba, Madrid: Dykinson, 2022.
Sánchez Rubio, David, y Sánchez Bravo, Álvaro (eds.). Derechos humanos y transformación social, Madrid: Dykinson, 2021.
Authors: Mesa León Antonio 
Published: December 2022

Recensión del libro Sánchez Rubio, David, y Sánchez Bravo, Álvaro (eds.). Derechos humanos y transformación social, Madrid: Dykinson, 2021.
Sánchez Muñoz, Cristina (ed.). Violencias de género: entre la guerra y la paz, Medellín: Siglo del Hombre Editores, 2021.
Authors: Campillo Neus 
Published: December 2022

Recensión del libro Sánchez Muñoz, Cristina (ed.). Violencias de género: entre la guerra y la paz, Medellín: Siglo del Hombre Editores, 2021.
El fin de la filosofía del derecho
Authors: Hershovitz Scott 
Published: December 2022

Por más de 40 años, el debate Hart-Dworkin ha dominado la filosofía del derecho. El debate parte de la premisa de que nuestras prácticas jurídicas generan derechos y obligaciones que son distintivamente jurídicos, y la pregunta en cuestión es cómo se determina el contenido de estos derechos y obligaciones. Los positivitas estipulan que su contenido está determinado en última instancia o exclusivamente por hechos sociales. Los antipositivistas afirman que los hechos morales deben desempeñar un papel en la determinación de su contenido. En este artículo, argumento que el debate se funda en un error. Nuestras prácticas jurídicas no generan derechos y obligaciones que sean distintivamente jurídicos. En el mejor de los casos, generan derechos y obligaciones morales, algunos de los cuales etiquetamos como jurídicos. Defiendo este punto de vista estableciendo analogías con otras prácticas normativas, como hacer promesas, publicar reglas y participar en juegos. Además, trato de explicar por qué parece que las prácticas jurídicas generan derechos y obligaciones distintivamente jurídicos, aunque no lo hagan. Concluyo con algunas reflexiones sobre las preguntas que la filosofía del derecho debería abordar despúes de superar el debate Hart-Dworkin.
Transferability of Alzheimer Disease Polygenic Risk Score Across Populations and Its Association With Alzheimer Disease-Related Phenotypes
Authors: Jung Sang-Hyuk , Kim Hang-Rai , Chun Min Young , Jang Hyemin , Cho Minyoung , Kim Beomsu , Kim Soyeon , Jeong Jee Hyang , Yoon Soo Jin , Park Kyung Won , Kim Eun-Joo , Yoon Bora , Jang Jae-Won , Kim Yeshin , Hong Jin Yong , Choi Seong Hye , Noh Young , Kim Ko Woon , Kim Si Eun , Lee Jin San , Jung Na-Yeon , Lee Juyoun , Lee Ae Young , Kim Byeong C. , Cho Soo Hyun , Cho Hanna , Kim Jong Hun , Jung Young Hee , Lee Dong Young , Lee Jae-Hong , Lee Eek-Sung , Kim Seung Joo , Moon So Young , Son Sang Joon , Hong Chang Hyung , Bae Jin-Sik , Lee Sunghoon , Na Duk L. , Seo Sang Won , Cruchaga Carlos , Kim Hee Jin , Won Hong-Hee 
Published: December 2022

ImportancePolygenic risk scores (PRSs), which aggregate the genetic effects of single-nucleotide variants identified in genome-wide association studies (GWASs), can help distinguish individuals at a high genetic risk for Alzheimer disease (AD). However, genetic studies have predominantly focused on populations of European ancestry.ObjectiveTo evaluate the transferability of a PRS for AD in the Korean population using summary statistics from a prior GWAS of European populations.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study developed a PRS based on the summary statistics of a large-scale GWAS of a European population (the International Genomics of Alzheimer Project; 21 982 AD cases and 41 944 controls). This PRS was tested for an association with AD dementia and its related phenotypes in 1634 Korean individuals, who were recruited from 2013 to 2019. The association of a PRS based on a GWAS of a Japanese population (the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology; 3962 AD cases and 4074 controls) and a transancestry meta-analysis of European and Japanese GWASs was also evaluated. Data were analyzed from December 2020 to June 2021.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRisk of AD dementia, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), earlier symptom onset, and amyloid β deposition (Aβ).ResultsA total of 1634 Korean patients (969 women [59.3%]), including 716 individuals (43.6%) with AD dementia, 222 (13.6%) with aMCI, and 699 (42.8%) cognitively unimpaired controls, were analyzed in this study. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 71.6 (9.0) years. Higher PRS was associated with a higher risk of AD dementia independent of APOE ɛ4 status in the Korean population (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.40-2.72; P &amp;lt; .001). Furthermore, PRS was associated with aMCI, earlier symptom onset, and Aβ deposition independent of APOE ɛ4 status. The PRS based on a transancestry meta-analysis of data sets comprising 2 distinct ancestries showed a slightly improved accuracy.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, a PRS derived from a European GWAS identified individuals at a high risk for AD dementia in the Korean population. These findings emphasize the transancestry transferability and clinical value of PRSs and suggest the importance of enriching diversity in genetic studies of AD.
Plasma phosphorylated tau181 predicts cognitive and functional decline
Authors: Tropea Thomas F. , Waligorska Teresa , Xie Sharon X. , Nasrallah Ilya M. , Cousins Katheryn A. Q. , Trojanowski John Q. , Grossman Murray , Irwin David J. , Weintraub Daniel , Lee Edward B. , Wolk David A. , Chen‐Plotkin Alice S. , Shaw Leslie M. ,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p‐tau181) distinguishes pathology‐confirmed Alzheimer's disease (AD) from normal cognition (NC) adults, to test if p‐tau181 predicts cognitive and functional decline, and to validate findings in an external cohort.MethodsThirty‐one neuropathology‐confirmed AD cases, participants with clinical diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment (MCI, N = 91) or AD dementia (N = 64), and NC (N = 241) had plasma collected at study entry. The clinical diagnosis groups had annual cognitive (Mini‐Mental State Examination, MMSE) and functional (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, CDR) measures. NC (N = 70), MCI (N = 75), and AD dementia (N = 50) cases from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were used as a validation cohort. Plasma p‐tau181 was measured using the Quanterix SiMoA HD‐X platform.ResultsPlasma p‐tau181 differentiated pathology‐confirmed AD from NC with negative amyloid PET scans with an AUC of 0.93. A cut point of 3.44 pg/mL (maximum Youden Index) had a sensitivity of 0.77, specificity of 0.96. p‐Tau181 values above the cut point were associated with the faster rate of decline in MMSE in AD dementia and MCI and a shorter time to a clinically significant functional decline in all groups. In a subset of MCI cases from ADNI, p‐tau181 values above the cut point associated with faster rate of decline in MMSE, and a shorter time to a clinically significant functional decline and conversion to dementia.InterpretationPlasma p‐tau181 differentiates AD pathology cases from NC with high accuracy. Higher levels of plasma p‐tau181 are associated with faster cognitive and functional decline.
Engineered Sandwich‐Structured Composite Wound Dressings with Unidirectional Drainage and Anti‐Adhesion Supporting Accelerated Wound Healing
Authors: Wang Haipeng , Duan Wu , Ren Zhongjing , Li Xinxin , Ma Wenjie , Guan Yingchun , Liu Fuqiang , Chen Li , Yan Peng , Hou Xinguo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProper management of exudate is of great clinical value for reducing wound infection and promoting wound healing, thus various dressings have been studied to address this widespread medical challenge. Herein, a novel sandwich‐structured composite wound dressing (SCWD), integrating of a superlyophobic (SLO) polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer, a superlyophilic gauze layer, and a lyophobic PDMS layer is presented, with particular unidirectional droplet drainage and stable anti‐adhesion capabilities, which realizes effective management of wound exudate and provides a favorable environment for wound healing. Thanks to the stable SLO property on the PDMS surface with hierarchical micro/nanostructures, the continuously accumulated wound exudate at the interface between dressing and wound surface is gradually deformed, eventually passing through SLO PDMS layer through milli‐scale channels and being absorbed by gauze layer. Experimental results show that the application of SCWD can significantly reduce the occurrence of wound infection, avoid the tearing of wound tissues when replacing dressings, and accelerate wound healing by ≈20%. The combination of SCWD and lyophilized powders of stem cells supernatant (LPSCS) is verified to better accelerate the healing process. The proposed method offers great potential in clinical applications, particularly for acute trauma wound treatments.
In Situ Polymer‐Imprinted Architecture of Textured Perovskite Single‐Crystal Sheets for Ultraweak‐Light Photodetection
Authors: Li Panpan , Huang Wenjun , Xu Wenchao , Wei Xiangfeng , Chen Yudan , Meng Fancheng , Deng Weiqiao , Liu Jiehua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA facile double flexible interfacial imprinting method is reported to obtain the cubic single‐crystal CH3NH3PbBr3 sheets with in situ polymer patterns by capillary effect. The imprinted CH3NH3PbBr3 sheets offer good crystallinity and light‐trapping structure. As a result, the textured single‐crystal photodetector exhibits the superior responsivity of 63.0 A W−1, external quantum efficiency of 1.50 × 104%, and detectivity D* of 8.12 × 1012 Jones under 520 nm irradiations with a weak power density of 0.54 µW cm−2 at 3 V, which are more than 4200% and 80000% higher than those of the photodetector based on single‐crystal bulk and polycrystalline film, respectively. The exciting ultraweak‐light photoelectric performance is achieved due to the good light trapping and high carrier collection. Especially, the photodetector also exhibits excellent self‐powered performance.
Reconfigurable Metasurface of Magnetoplasmonic Microbundle Array for Chiral Signal Enhancing
Authors: Gwak Juyong , Nguyen Huu‐Quang , Jeong Ki‐Jae , Kim Youngmi , Park Se Jeong , Choi Youngeun , Goddati Mahendra , Tufa Lemma Teshome , Tang Zhiyong , Lee Jaebeom 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNovel design of flexible chiral metasurface has been attractive to control electromagnetic dynamics for fabricating integrated enantiomeric sensing devices. In this article, a reconfigurable metasurface decorated with planar magnetoplasmonic microbundle arrays of Au@Fe3O4 core‐shell nanowires (NWs) on polydimethylsiloxane film is fabricated. Its chiroptical property is willingly manipulated by skew angle (θ), that is, the angle between applied magnetic field vector (B) and tangent vector (T) of a curved metasurface. Interestingly, the as‐prepared NW metasurface presents many internal skew angles (θin) among respective NWs at nanoscale as well as additional external skew angle (θex) among arrays at microscale, extraordinarily enhancing chiroptical signal compared to other nanosphere or single NW arrays where lack of θin is observed. Computational simulation proves the disruption of the symmetry via distinct θin and θex of the aligned microbundle array. In addition, the optical chirality induced by θin could be analysed by magnetic circular dichroism (MCD). These results suggest a strategy to implement spectacle lenses with circular polarizer capabilities and the fabricated metafilm specifically modulates the absorption of circularly polarized light and can become a novel universal means to produce flexible devices for further signal enhancing at nanoantennas and biosensors.
Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing: Spreading and Permeation of Multiple Micron Droplets in Porous Media
Authors: Hu Ankai , Huang Yanlu , Chen Zhiyi , Yang Yongqiang , Xu Yuxin , Wang Tianyu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe penetrating behavior of binder droplets has a substantial effect on the dimensional correctness and strength of the manufactured components. In this article, a physical model and a mathematical model of multiphase flow are created, computationally computed, and experimentally validated to predict the spreading and penetration behavior of multi‐drop binder in a powder bed. The findings indicate: 1) The spreading diameter and penetration depth of the binder increase as the number of droplets grows. However, the size of the rise reduces as the number of droplets grows. 2) The binder is spread symmetrically in the powder bed, with greater saturation in the middle area than margins on both sides, and a higher saturation in the upper region than the lower. 3) Repeated drops of binder in various areas may improve the saturation of the peripheral region while ensuring that the core area is not oversaturated. 4) It is discovered that as the number of ink jet drops rises, the size of the sample grows, and the growth in sample size reduces with the number of ink jet drops. This paper's findings provide light on the mechanics behind light‐cured binder jet additive manufacturing.
Subsequent cholecystectomy improve recurrent biliary event‐free survival in high‐risk acute cholecystitis patients after gallbladder drainage
Authors: Wang Chi‐Chih , Su Chang‐Cheng , Huang Yen‐Pin , Huang Wen‐Hsin , Tsai Tsung‐Yu , Sung Wen‐Wei , Yang Tzu‐Wei , Lin Jaw‐Town , Lin Chun‐Che , Yen Hsu‐Heng , Tsai Ming‐Chang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCholelithiasis is a disease with increasing prevalence over the decades. Gallbladder drainage (GBD) is an alternative choice in critically ill patients who cannot tolerate early surgery for acute cholecystitis. In previous data, early or delayed cholecystectomy (CCY) leads to less recurrent biliary events (RBEs) comparing to using a wait‐and‐see strategy. We wondered if a subsequent CCY strategy after GBD can benefit patients with high surgical risk. This study aimed to explore the clinical outcome after percutaneous transhepatic GBD and risk factors for RBEs. We studied 180 adult acute cholecystitis patients who received percutaneous transhepatic GBD during index admission between July 2017 and December 2018 in Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and Changhua Christian Hospital after exclusion of patients died during the index admission or lost follow‐up within 30 days. We further divided these patients into those who received subsequent CCY within 2 months and those who received no CCY within 2 months. RBEs, mortality, and biliary event‐related mortality were compared. Multivariate analysis was applied to find the most important factors of RBE‐free survival. There were 8 cases (13.6%) in the subsequent CCY group that experienced recurrent biliary events, whereas 39 cases (32.2%) experienced recurrent biliary events in the no CCY within 2 months group. The proportion and average recurrent biliary events per person were all significantly lower in the subsequent CCY group. Although the overall mortality rate was higher in the group that had no CCY within 2 months (16.5% vs 5.1%), the RBE‐related mortality difference was insignificant. The most decisive factor to determine RBE‐free survival is whether there was a subsequent CCY or not (HR: 0.485, 95% CI: 0.250‐0.941, P = .032). We found that subsequent CCY can decrease further RBEs and improve RBE‐free survival in high‐risk patients with acute cholecystitis that accepted percutaneous transhepatic GBD initially.
Fast Generation of 2N‐Photon Fock States using Shortcuts to Adiabaticity and Ultrastrong Light–Matter Coupling
Authors: Zhou Xiao‐Dong , Wang Sheng , Zhang Hao , Zhang Tian‐Bing , Chen Ye‐Hong , Qin Wei , Ning Yu , Xia Yan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBy using shortcuts to adiabatic (STA) method, the proposal is to implement a fast multi‐photon down‐conversion, which can rapidly create 2N photons from the quantum vacuum based on the counter‐rotating effect of an ultrastrong light–matter coupling. The energy for the produced photons is given by a high‐frequency pump field. The STA method is used to design the driving fields to induce a rapid population transfer. Such an accelerated evolution can restrain the influence of decoherence during the evolution, so as to generate Fock states from vacuum with high fidelities.
Gradient Graphdiyne Induced Copper and Oxygen Vacancies in Cu0.95V2O5Anodes for Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Fan , An Juan , Shen Han , Wang Zhongqiang , Li Guoxing , Li Yuliang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVacancies can significantly affect the performance of metal oxide materials. Here, a gradient graphdiyne (GDY) induced Cu/O‐dual‐vacancies abundant Cu0.95V2O5@GDY heterostructure material has been prepared as a competitive fast‐charging anode material. Cu0.95V2O5self‐catalyzes the growth of gradient GDY with rich alkyne‐alkene complex in the inner layer and rich alkyne bonds in the outer layer, leading to the formation of Cu and O vacancies in Cu0.95V2O5. The synergistic effect of vacancies and gradient GDY results in the electron redistribution at the hetero‐interface to drive the generation of a built‐in electric field. Thus, the Li‐ion transport kinetics, electrochemical reaction reversibility and Li storage sites of Cu0.95V2O5are greatly enhanced. The Cu0.95V2O5@GDY anodes show excellent fast‐charging performance with high capacities and negligible capacity decay for 10 000 cycles and 20 000 cycles at extremely high current densities of 5 A g−1and 10 A g−1, respectively. Over 30 % of capacity can be delivered in 35 seconds.
How do autistic people fare in adult life and can we predict it from childhood?
Authors: Forbes Gordon , Kent Rachel , Charman Tony , Baird Gillian , Pickles Andrew , Simonoff Emily 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study describes social, mental health, and quality of life outcomes in early adulthood, and examines childhood predictors in the Special Needs and Autism Project (SNAP), a longitudinal population‐based cohort. Young autistic adults face variable but often substantial challenges across many areas of life. Prediction of outcomes is important to set expectations and could lead to the development of targeted early intervention. Autistic children were enrolled at age 12 and parents reported outcomes 11 years later when their children were age 23 (n = 121). Thirty six percent of autistic adults were in competitive employment or education and 54% had frequent contact with friends. Only 5% of autistic adults were living independently, and 37% required overnight care. Moderate or severe anxiety and depression symptoms were found for 11% and 12% of young adults, respectively. Subjective quality of life was similar to UK averages except for social relationships. Using childhood IQ, autism traits and adaptive functioning meaningful predictions can be made of living situation, employment and education and physical health. Prediction was poor for friendships, mental health outcomes and other aspects of quality of life. Our results suggest that although young autistic adults face challenges across normative, social outcomes, they may be faring better in regard to mental health or quality of life. Childhood IQ, autism traits and adaptive functioning are most useful for predicting outcomes. After accounting for these factors, childhood measurements of behavioral and emotional problems and language offered little improvement in prediction of adult outcomes.
Six Methodological Findings of a Chemical Engineering Scientist through a Lifelong Odyssey
Authors: Horio Masayuki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe historical turning point we are now facing is the biggest since the Industrial Revolution. For sustainable social metabolic system development, a transformative change in industrial processes and systems as well as our lifestyles is required. A firm cornerstone for a constructive life, a clear perspective for science and technology, and open mindedness will help us to tackle the big issue of a transformative redesign of our society. Furthermore, for effective change from centralized to decentralized energy systems, it is necessary to empower regional communities. This article presents six features concerning the above issues that are methodologically valuable for researchers and engineers.
Efficient Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Divinyl Monomer by Phosphino‐Phenolate Nickel Catalyst†
Authors: Wang Fei , Wang Xu‐ling , Pan Li , Wang Bin , Li Yue‐Sheng 
Published: December 2022

Comprehensive SummaryDirect copolymerization of olefin with polar monomers via a coordination‐insertion mechanism appears as the most efficient and attractive method to prepare functionalized polyolefins. Herein, we carried out direct copolymerization of ethylene and allyl acrylate by a bulky phosphino‐phenolate nickel catalyst, in which high‐molecular‐weight copolymers bearing polar five‐membered and six‐membered ring structures were afforded. Comprehensive NMR and FT‐IR analyses revealed multiplex structure of the obtained copolymers, in which both the noncyclic structural units bearing pendant allyl moiety (A) as well as acrylate moiety (B) and the cyclic structural units, γ‐butyrolactones (C) and δ‐valerolactone (D) were found. Exhilaratingly, the content of different structural units of the produced copolymer could be tuned by adjusting the concentration of the comonomer. Moreover, we also proved that the nickel‐based catalyst could produce related copolymers with significantly enhanced copolymer molecular weights in the copolymerization of allyl acrylate and ethylene compared with the palladium‐based catalyst under the same conditions.