bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Apical Root Resorption During Intrusion of Maxillary Anterior Teeth Treated With Intrusion Arch and Mini-Implants – A CBCT Study
Authors: Suthar Hetvi , Trivedi Kalyani , Shah Alap , Mistry Rushvi , Nathwani Niyati , Bhatt Maulik 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
To evaluate and compare relationship between amount of root resorption after intrusion of maxillary anterior teeth using two different intrusion mechanics i.e. Intrusion arch (Utility arch) and Mini-implants through CBCT scans. 20 patients randomly selected were divided into 2 groups: Group A: 10 patients with intrusion arch mechanics and Group B: 10 patients with mini-implant mechanics. Pre- and post-intrusion sectional CBCT scans of maxillary anterior teeth were taken. Change in volumetric measurements (in mm3), linear measurements (in mm) and angular measurements (in degree) between pre- and post-intrusion scans were measured for each incisor in both groups using paired t-test. Independent t-test was used for comparing change in all three parameters between both groups. Pearson’s correlation test was done for correlating amount of root resorption with amount of intrusion for each incisor in both groups.
Results
Changes in all three parameter between pre- and post-treatment CBCT scans for all incisors for each group and between both groups were statistically significant. Pearson’s correlation shows statistically non-significant correlation for all incisors in both groups except lateral incisors in group B.
Conclusion
Clinically significant root resorption is observed with intrusion of maxillary anterior teeth either with utility arch or mini-implants. Amount of root resorption and range of intrusion is more with mini-implants, while amount of proclination is more with use of utility arch. More amount of root resorption is seen in lateral incisors than central incisors in both groups.
Trichloroethylene Intoxication: A Case of Acute Altered Mental Status Which Required Intensive Resuscitation
Authors: Tanaka Atsuhito , Huh Ji Young , Ariyoshi Koichi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTrichloroethylene is a hydrocarbon commercially used as a degreasing solvent. It has gradually become obsolete due to is carcinogenic properties meanwhile, many industries still use it due to its cost effectiveness. Although there are reports and studies regarding chronic exposures to trichloroethylene there are very few acute cases reported that have caused altered mental status and required intensive care. This paper aims to report the course of an acute case of trichloroethylene intoxication with coma and summarize its characteristics.Case PresentationA 50-year-old male with no particular medical history presented with acute altered mental status due to inhalation of volatile trichloroethylene in a factory. He was given brief cardiopulmonary resuscitation for suspected cardiac arrest however was found to have a pulse when emergency medical services had intervened. On arrival to our emergency department, he showed marked central nervous system depression due to suspicion of acute trichloroethylene intoxication. Head computed tomography showed no signs of hypoxic ischemia encephalitis, however the possibility of loss of consciousness from a cardiac event could not be denied. The patient was intubated promptly, elicited by impending respiratory arrest and received supportive treatment. Trichloroethylene metabolite urinary concentrations were taken during admission. He regained consciousness readily, was extubated the next day and then discharged, showing full recovery on day 3.ConclusionWe reported a case of acute trichloroethylene intoxication which required intensive care but was discharged with full recovery and no neurological deficits. There have been few reports describing acute intoxication which needed intubation and its neurological outcomes. Furthermore, this report suggests urine metabolite concentration as a possible guide to predict clinical outcome.
Unearthing of key genes driving the infertility risk of cryptorchidism via weighted gene co- expression network
Authors: Lao Yongfeng , Zhang Wenhao , Li Xiaoxue , He Lijuan , Bai Yanan , Li Xiaolong , Guan Xin , Wang Wenyun , Dong Zhilong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Boys with cryptorchidism are susceptible to infertility. However, there are few known molecular markers of cryptorchidism-related infertility. Potential genes and molecular pathways to drive cryptorchidism-related infertility were investigated in this study via bioinformatics methods.Methods: Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was utilized to download raw GSE25518 (training set) and GSE16191 (validation set) datasets. GSE25518 was used for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identification and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Hub genes were identified from the intersection of key genes from DEGs and the key module in WGCNA. Hub genes’ expression differences and diagnostic value were subsequently verified via GSE16191. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were deployed for functional annotation.Results: 761 definitive DEGs were identified while 12 hub genes (CHRM4, CCR4, LMNB1, MTNR1B, TAC3, TRHR, RAD54L, CCNA1, SMC1B, GPRC6A, SYCE2, TAS2R19) were identified finally. The hub genes were also differentially expressed and showed excellent diagnostic value to distinguish cryptorchidism from normal testes in GSE16191. Additionally, they were well correlated with genes from the hallmark_spermatogenesis gene set. And they might be involved in oxidative phosphorylation, MYC targets V1, cholesterol homeostasis, KRAS activation, etc. Hallmark_spermatogenesis gene set was significantly enriched by five hub genes (RAD54L, CCNA1, SMC1B, TAC3, MTNR1B).Conclusion: We have identified 12 genes that might become new biomarkers for cryptorchidism-related infertility while five genes (RAD54L, CCNA1, SMC1B, TAC3, MTNR1B) deserve more attention.
Chlorhexidine Antimicrobial Activity in Self-ligating and Conventional Orthodontic Brackets Infected with Porphyromonas Gingivalis Biofilm
Authors: Kachuie Marzie , Naghsh Narges , Dehnavi Neda , Narimani Tahmineh 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The formation of biofilms on orthodontic brackets is still problematic in orthodontic patients. Among the many types of available orthodontic brackets, self-ligating (SL) brackets are claimed to be more effective than conventional ligating (CL) brackets in maintaining oral hygiene. The present study was conducted to evaluate the adhesion of Porphyrmonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) biofilms formed on SL and CL brackets and their bacterial viability after treatment with 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash.
Materials and Methods
In this experimental study, 48 commercial metal brackets were divided into two equal groups based on their types (CL with elastomeric ligature and SL). The brackets were first coated with saliva, then placed in the suspension of P.gingivalis for 3 days to grow bacterial biofilms on their surfaces. Half of the brackets in each group were randomly treated with CHX mouthwash or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for one minute. Quantitative analysis was performed by counting the number of colony-forming units (CFUs). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey test (α = 0.05).
Results
There was a statistically significant difference between the two types of brackets in biofilm formation; SL brackets were colonized more than CL brackets (P < 0.024). In both groups, CHX-treated brackets exhibited a significant reduction in P.gingivalis viability compared to PBS-treated brackets (P < 0.001). Comparison of antimicrobial activity of CHX in two types of brackets showed that more bacteria were survived on the surface of SL brackets (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Seemingly, bracket design can have a significant effect on the adhesion and viability of potential periopathogens.
Clinical Relevance:
Use of CL brackets is preferred over SL brackets and is recommended to use SL brackets with caution in people who have poor oral health or are prone to periodontal disease.
Construction of A Novel Prognostic Immune-Related LncRNA Risk Model for Gastric Cancer Running title: Immune-related lncRNAs for GC
Authors: Yang Gen-hua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and Aim
Studies have recently shown that immune-related lncRNAs play a vital role in the occurrence and development of human malignancies. However, the study in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Here, we aimed to identify immune-related lncRNAs and construct a risk score model to predict the prognosis of GC patients.
Methods:
RNA expression data and clinical characteristics of GC were download from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Immune genes were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Immune-related lncRNAs were acquired by correlation coefficient between the immune genes and lncRNAs using “limma R” package and Cytoscape 3.6.1. The risk score model was constructed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression, and its prognostic value was verified in TCGA cohort.
Results:
A total of 146 immune-related lncRNAs were obtained compared 375 GC samples with 32 normal samples. A five immune-related lncRNA (AP001528.2, LINC02542, LINC02526, PVT1 and LINC01094) risk score model was constructed to predict prognosis of GC patients by Cox regression analysis. Moreover, GC patients with higher risk score had a poorer overall survival than that with lower risk score (P < 0.001). Furthermore, ROC analysis revealed that the risk score model had the best predictive effect compared with clinicopathological features during 5 years followed-up (AUC = 0.679). Indeed, PCA analysis showed that the patients in the low- and high- group were significantly distinguished in different directions based on the risk score model.
Conclusion:
This study indicated that a five immune-related lncRNA risk score model possessed a satisfactory predictive prognosis, which might be potential prognostic biomarkers and immunotherapy targets for GC patients in future.
Exudate Identification in Retinal Fundus Images Using Precise Textural Verifications
Authors: Monemian Maryam , Rabbani Hossein 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
One of the most salient diseases of retina is Diabetic Retinopathy which may lead to irreparable damages to eye vision in the advanced phases. Hard Exudates (HE) are bright lesions appeared in retinal fundus images of DR patients. Thus, the detection of HEs is an important task preventing the progress of DR. However, the detection of HEs is a challenging process due to their different appearance features. In this paper, an automatic method for the identification of HEs with various sizes and shapes is proposed. The method works based on a pixel-wise approach. It considers several semi-circular regions around each pixel. For each semi-circular region, the intensity changes around several directions and non-necessarily equal radiuses are computed. All pixels for which several semi-circular regions include considerable intensity changes are considered as the pixels located in HEs. In order to reduce false positives, an optic disc localization method is proposed in the post-processing phase. The performance of the proposed method has been evaluated on DIARETDB0 and DIARETDB1 datasets. The experimental results confirm the improved performance of the suggested method in term of accuracy.
Effect of Ethiopian Orthodox fasting practice on appetite hormones and β-cell function of diabetic patients and healthy subjects.
Authors: Michael Alemayehu , Baye Kaleab 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Dietary pattern such as energy restriction, abstinence from animal products and consumption of vegetarian diet was seen in free living Ethiopian Orthodox followers. However, little is known about its effect on appetite hormones, insulin sensitivities and β-cell function of diabetic patients and healthy subjects. MethodA prospective cohort study design was conducted from February 27 to April 30, 2019 among 46 healthy subjects and 52 diabetic patients. Pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics, physical activities and information about fasting regime. Measurements were taken at two time points: at week 0 and week 8. ELISA analyzer were used for measuring hormones activities. The presence of any changes from the baseline was evaluated using the t-test, and the presence of any correlation was evaluated using multiple linear regression. Results: Vegan diet practice and energy restriction significantly lower body weight (p=0.004/0.041) and BMI (p=0.014/0.006), glucagon (p<0.0001, p=0.001), leptin (p=0.002, p=0.046 significantly changed in diabetic and healthy subject respectively. Insulin (p=0.002) increased significantly in diabetic patients while insulin (p=0.003) significantly decreased in healthy subjects. The concentration of ghrelin (p=0.030) increased significantly in diabetic but insignificantly (p=0.135) in healthy subjects compared to non-fasting. Insulin sensitivities and β-cell function significant improved in diabetic patients.Conclusion Simultaneous consumption of vegan diet and energy restriction in Lenten fasting improved body weight, BMI, blood pressure, activities of appetite hormones, insulin sensitivities and β-cell function. As a result, fasting practice is recommended as effective non-medicinal treatment option for prevention/treatment of chronic diseases.
An Active Speaker Detection Method in Videos using Standard Deviations of Color Histogram
Authors: Akinrinmade Adekunle , Adetiba Emmanuel , Badejo Joke A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Active Speaker Detection (ASD) refers to the process of predicting who amongst a number of speakers whose faces appear on screen is speaking (if any) at any given time within the duration of a video. This paper proposes a novel method for determining active speakers in videos based on the standard deviations of Color Histograms (CHs) of the mouth region from frame-to-frame. The reasoning behind this is that the lips of an active speaker will open and close exposing and concealing the inner contents of the mouth such as the vocal cavity, teeth and tongue at fairly regular intervals in the process which are of different colors. Therefore, if the mouth region can be accurately localized and the changes in the color activities in that region analyzed during speaking such information can be used to detect if a person is actively speaking or not. The lips of a non-speaker are usually closed and at rest, so the CHs for such mouth region are expected to be fairly constant and as such the standard deviations should be low. If an experimentally determined threshold could be set, it can draw the line between active and non-active speakers. In this work, 53 videos available online from Channels TV news, one of Nigeria’s most popular TV stations were used to create 250 video clips totaling 3.6 hours, each ranging from between 15 seconds to 1 minute in such a way that the faces of two speakers were always simultaneously visible in any order in the duration of each video clip. The active speakers in each second of the video clips were manually labeled and used to evaluate the performance of the proposed methodology which achieved a prediction accuracy of up to 99.19%.
Spatiotemporal gait characteristics during single- and dual-task walking are associated with the burden of cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Xia Cuiqiao , Xie Hongyang , Li Tianjiao , Ding Yu , Huang Yonghua , Zhào Hóngyi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Gait impairment is common in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). White matter lesions, lacunar infarction and cerebral microbleeds are typical neuroimaging markers of CSVD. However, few analyses have discussed discrepancies in CSVD patients during single-task walking (STW) and dual-task walking (DTW). Therefore, we aimed to examine the gait characteristics of CSVD patients during STW and DTW and to investigate the association between gait performance and neuroimaging markers.
Methods
We enrolled 126 elderly patients with CSVD and 30 healthy elderly as controls. The spatiotemporal gait parameters of the participants were measured under STW, motor-cognitive DTW (cognitive DTW), and motor-motor DTW (motor DTW) conditions. Neuroimaging features were examined, and the burden of disease was calculated. The association between neuroimaging markers and gait performance was analysed, as was the dual-task cost (DTC).
Results
Conventional cognitive function and measurements of STW did not reveal any obvious difference between the control and CSVD groups. However, all spatiotemporal variables and DTC of DTW revealed significant differences between the control and CSVD groups. Furthermore, there was little significant difference in traditional cognitive function or gait parameters during STW or motor DTW according to disease severity. However, spatiotemporal characteristics and DTC during cognitive DTW revealed significant differences among the three disability groups. The total CSVD burden score and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) were negatively correlated with spatial parameters in the STW and motor DTW conditions. All neuroimaging biomarkers, except cerebral microbleeds, were correlated with all spatiotemporal parameters and DTC during cognitive DTW. The correlation coefficient of the total CSVD burden score was greater than those of the other markers. All gait performance deteriorated during cognitive DTW compared to STW. During motor DTW, only velocity and stride length showed marked reductions. For all parameters, the DTC of cognitive DTW was greater than that of motor DTW.
Conclusions
The DTW condition was associated with poorer gait performance than the STW condition. Moreover, cognitive DTW was more relevant than motor DTW for the evaluation of gait abnormalities in elderly patients with CSVD. In addition, the severity of neuroimaging lesions strongly affected gait characteristics, especially in cognitive DTW. The total CSVD burden score might have better predictive validity than any single neuroimaging marker.
Actinomycetes of Howz Soltan Lake and their metabolite diversity in Iran
Authors: Salehghamari Ensieh , Moradi Majid , Sardabi Maryam , Etesami Seyed Alireza , Hassani Gholam heidar , Hosseini zahra , Taheri Fatemeh , Eshrati Zahra , Tahmaseb Mohammad , Irian Saeed , Amoozegar Mohammad ali 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Saline environments are largely unexplored sources for actinomycetes with the potential to produce biologically active secondary metabolites. A total of 34 actinomycete strains from water, sediments and mostly rhizosphere (82%) were collected from different sites of Howz Soltan Lake in Iran. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the isolated strains belonged to the genera Streptomyces, Nocardia and Saccharomonospora. Among the isolated actinomycetes, several strains had valuable biotechnological applications such as growth inhibition of human tumor cells. The results of cytotoxic assay revealed strain act9 having the most potent extract (19.716 ± 5.72 µg/ml) against the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell. Also 38% of the strains had an antimicrobial activity against some pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganisms. The ethyl-acetate extract of act18 showed the most antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, and was further analyzed by GC/MS. Ar-tumerone (26.41%) and Butyl isodecyl phthalate (21.77%) were the main constituents detected in the extract.. This is the first time this compound is being detected in a prokaryote. Act18 showed the most 16s rRNA sequence similarity to Streptomyces youssoufiensis. In addition, a number of the isolates produced different enzymes including lipase, amylase, protease, gelatinase, urease and lecetinase. Also, the plant growth promoting activity of some actinomycete strains were shown. Some of the strains belonging to the genera Streptomyces and Nocardia increased the seed germination, stem length and the number of Echium leaves during the 20 days. Consequently, it was concluded that actinomycetes isolated from these saline lake habitats are potentially valuable for biotechnological applications.
A Formate Dehydrogenase Enhances Aluminum Tolerance in Tobacco
Authors: Xie Yonghong , Wei Yunmin , Han Rongrong , Yu Shitian , Xu Hui , Liu Lusheng , Jiang Caode , Yu yongxiong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Formate dehydrogenase (FDH) is regarded as a universal stress protein involved in various plant abiotic stress responses. This study aims to ascertain GmFDH function in conferring tolerance to Al stress. The bioinformatics analysis demonstrates that GmFDH from Tamba black soybean (TBS) encodes FDH. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that GmFDH expression was induced by Al stress with a concentration-time specific pattern. Moreover, Al stress promotes formate content and activates FDH activity. Further studies revealed that GmFDH overexpression alleviated root growth inhibition and reduced Al and ROS accumulation in roots. In addition, transgenic tobaccos had much more root citrate exudation and much higher activity of antioxidant enzymes than wild type. Interestingly, although the expression of NtMATE and NtALS3 was not significantly different under Al stress between transgenic tobaccos and wild type, citrate synthase activity is higher in transgenic tobaccos than that of wild type, which might be the reason for citrate secretion increase. Overall, these results indicate that GmFDH overexpression alleviates Al toxicity by enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes and promoting citrate secretion.
The outcomes and prognostic factors in patients after reoperation of persistent/recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Sun Wenyu , Di Lu , Chen Lili , Li Duanshu , Wu Yi , Xiang Jun , Zhou Shichong , Sun Tuanqi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The most suitable approach for the treatment of recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains controversial and reoperation may be an effective method. The efficacy of reoperation in these patients with locoregional recurrence, especially the ones with unsatisfying efficacy of radioactive iodine ablation, is still uncertain. This study aimed to clarify clinical management strategies for locoregional recurrence of PTC and to explore factors that may affect long-term patient outcomes after reoperation.Methods: In total, 124 patients who initially underwent thyroidectomy and variable extents of RAI therapy and finally received reoperation for locoregionally recurrent PTC, were included. Parameters associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model.Results: Thirty-two patients had secondary clinical recurrence after reoperation during follow-up. Metastatic lymph nodes with extra-nodal extension (P=0.023) and high post-reoperative (post-reop) unstimulated thyroglobulin (unstim-Tg) levels (P=0.001) were independent prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival. Neither the avidity of RAI nor the frequency and dose of RAI therapies before reoperation affected long-term outcome.Conclusions: Patients with locoregionally recurrent PTC rarely benefit from additional RAI therapy before reoperation, and surgical intervention should be prioritized in the clinical management of locoregionally recurrent PTC. Metastatic lymph nodes with extra-nodal extension and post-reop unstim-Tg >10.1 ng/mL may have a poor prognosis.