bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultraviolet Photodetection with Low Detection Limit Using Inch‐Sized Two‐Dimensional Hybrid Perovskite Crystal
Authors: Liang Lishan , Niu Xinyi , Zhang Xinyuan , Wang Ziyang , Wu Jianbo , Luo Junhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUltraviolet (UV) photodetection is widely used in different fields, among which the photodetection with low detection limit has attracted strong interest due to broad applications in various fields including military security, medical diagnosis, and chemical analysis. Recently, two‐dimensional (2D) hybrid perovskites are promising candidates for UV photodetection owing to their superior semiconducting properties and solution accessibility. Here, UV photodetection with low detection limit is successfully realized by using high‐quality 2D hybrid perovskite single crystals, (BA)2PbBr4 (1, BA = C4H9NH3+). Grown via a delicate solution method, a high‐quality single crystal of 1 as large as 35 × 15 × 1 mm3 is obtained with a low trap density of ≈1010 cm−3, and used to fabricate photodetectors hence exhibiting an ultra‐low dark current of 6.11 × 10−13 A. The detector exhibits a considerable on/off ratio of ≈104, an impressive detectivity up to 2.06 × 1012 Jones, and a responsivity of 16.9 mA W−1. Notably, due to the high‐crystalline quality and low dark current of 1, the device shows remarkable photoresponse even under an extremely weak illumination of 80 nW cm−2 at the UV region. This work provides a promising candidate for sensitive UV photodetection and high‐performance photodetectors.
Role of Anions in 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural Solvation in Ionic Liquids from Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Montes‐Campos Hadrián , Méndez‐Morales Trinidad , Varela Luis Miguel , Ortuño Manuel Angel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe proper selection of solvents for biomass upgrading is a crucial task as it should carefully balance the enhancement of reactivity with a facile product recovery. A challenging case is the conversion of glucose and fructose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Ionic liquids (ILs) are often employed to boost the activity and selectivity of this process, although the isolation of HMF from the medium remains a major drawback. To investigate such solvent effects in a realistic (dynamic) environment, classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of HMF are performed in imidazolium‐based ILs with different anions. Several parameters are identified that directly control HMF–anion interactions, which may hamper product separation, as well as HMF–HMF contacts, which can promote undesired side‐reactions. These computational results would guide future high‐throughput screenings of new and improved IL media.
Hygroscopic Porous Polymer for Sorption‐Based Atmospheric Water Harvesting
Authors: Deng Fangfang , Chen Zhihui , Wang Chenxi , Xiang Chengjie , Poredoš Primož , Wang Ruzhu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSorption‐based atmospheric water harvesting (SAWH) holds huge potential due to its freshwater capabilities for alleviating water scarcity stress. The two essential parts, sorbent material and system structure, dominate the water sorption–desorption performance and the total water productivity for SAWH system together. Attributed to the superiorities in aspects of sorption–desorption performance, scalability, and compatibility in practical SAWH devices, hygroscopic porous polymers (HPPs) as next‐generation sorbents are recently going through a vast surge. However, as HPPs’ sorption mechanism, performance, and applied potential lack comprehensive and accurate guidelines, SAWH's subsequent development is restricted. To address the aforementioned problems, this review introduces HPPs’ recent development related to mechanism, performance, and application. Furthermore, corresponding optimized strategies for both HPP‐based sorbent bed and coupling structural design are proposed. Finally, original research routes are directed to develop next‐generation HPP‐based SAWH systems. The presented guidelines and insights can influence and inspire the future development of SAWH technology, further achieving SAWH's practical applications.
Concave Engineering of Hollow Carbon Spheres toward Advanced Anode Material for Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Yuxiang , Shi Xiaodong , Lu Bingan , Zhou Jiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractConcave carbon spheres have attracted enormous interest due to their unique physicochemical properties. However, the precise synthetic methodology is still scarce, because it is a great challenge to control the dynamic and nonselective deformation process of the intermediate precursor. Herein, a series of hollow carbon spheres with tunable concavity are prepared by a facile and efficient polymerization‐buckling strategy. Both the concave degree and concave density of these hollow carbon spheres can be precisely regulated. Finite element analysis indicates the unique concave morphology can relieve the stress accumulation during the cycling process, endowing concave hollow carbon spheres with superior potassium and sodium storage performance. As the anode for potassium‐ion batteries, stable capacity of 104.9 mAh g−1 can be achieved at 4 A g−1 after 1350 cycles. For sodium‐ion batteries, reversible capacity of 116.4 mAh g−1 after 2700 cycles can be enabled at 2 A g−1. This work may open a new avenue for the design of concave hollow carbon materials and promote their practical application in energy storage field.
Fish carcass deposition to suppress invasive lake trout through hypoxia causes limited, non‐target effects on benthic invertebrates in Yellowstone Lake
Authors: Briggs Michelle A. , Albertson Lindsey K. , Lujan Dominique R. , Tronstad Lusha M. , Glassic Hayley C. , Guy Christopher S. , Koel Todd M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInvasive species can have negative effects on native biodiversity and ecosystem function, and suppression is often required to minimize the effects. However, management actions to suppress invasive species may cause negative, unintended effects on non‐target taxa. Across the United States, lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) are invasive in many freshwater ecosystems, reducing native fish abundance and diversity through predation and competition. In an integrated pest management approach, lake trout embryos in Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming, are suppressed by depositing lake trout carcasses onto spawning sites; the carcasses reduce dissolved oxygen concentrations as they decay, causing embryo mortality. We conducted a field experiment during one ice‐free season at four sites in Yellowstone Lake to investigate the non‐target effects of carcass treatment on benthic invertebrates, which could have consequences for native fish diets. While overall invertebrate density and biomass did not respond to carcass treatment, Chironomidae midges and Sphaeriidae fingernail clams decreased in abundance. Carcass treatment altered invertebrate community structure based on density, but not biomass. Carcass treatment to suppress invasive fish embryos has spatially localized, non‐target effects on some benthic invertebrate taxa. Given the small spatial extent of carcass treatment within the lake, we conclude it is unlikely that carcass treatment will alter food availability for native fishes.
Economic feasibility of fish cage culture in Lake Victoria, Kenya
Authors: Obiero Kevin , Brian Mboya Jimmy , Okoth Ouko Kevin , Okech Dave 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFish cage culture has rapidly grown throughout Lake Victoria's shores, with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) being the primarily cultured species. However, there is inadequate information on its economic viability. The study investigated the economic feasibility of fish cage farming system in Lake Victoria, Kenya, by evaluating the relationship between cost of inputs and revenue from fish sales and analysing the overall profitability of the fish cage culture in the lake. Systematic sampling was employed to select 200 cage farmers for the study. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis, gross margin analysis, net farm income and profitability ratios. The average quantity of fish produced in the production cycle was 11,971.53 kg from which an average of 9020.77 kg was sold at an average selling price of Kenyan Shillings (KSH) 281.36 (USD 2.60) per kg. The multiple regression results revealed that the cost of feeds (coefficient of −0.603) and fish seed (coefficient of −0.387) had a significant influence on returns from fish cage culture business at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively. The costs of feeds and fish seed were significant components of the total production cost, accounting for 60.25% and 33.50%, respectively. Fish cage production was profitable, with an average gross margin of KSH 1146,727.68 (USD 10,545.59) and net farm income of KSH 1020,518.78 (USD 9384.94) in a production cycle, with a benefit cost ratio of 1.43, an expense structure ratio of 0.06, a gross revenue ratio of 0.70 and a return on investment of 0.43. The study recommends formulation of friendly policies, legislations, operating guidelines and an enabling environment for feed and fish seed producers by policy makers to enhance fish feed and seed production and subsequently reduce prices of feed and seed. Through this, economic viability of fish cage culture will be enhanced.
Biological effects on Palmer amaranth surviving glufosinate
Authors: Jones Eric , Leon Ramon. G. , Everman Wesley Jay 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPalmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) is a difficult weed to manage due to competitive growth, fecundity, and evolved herbicide resistance. Limited information exist on the fecundity of vegetative stage Palmer amaranth surviving glufosinate applied at different timings. In addition, research has not investigated the germination or glufosinate susceptibility of the offspring from these surviving plants. Field experiments were conducted across three locations in 2019 to determine (a) the fecundity of Palmer amaranth plants surviving glufosinate applied at different vegetative growth stages, and (b) if the offspring from the surviving plants exhibited differential germination and susceptibility to glufosinate. Palmer amaranth was treated at three different vegetative sizes (5 cm, 7–10 cm, > 10 cm) and orthogonal combinations of these application timings. The application timings corresponded to early‐, mid‐ and late‐postemergence applications. Palmer amaranth plants surviving the mid‐, late‐, and the mid postemergence followed by late postemergence glufosinate application were fecund. Palmer amaranth plants surviving the mid postemergence followed by late postemergence application produced less seed than the plants surviving the mid postemergence and late postemergence application. Palmer amaranth was controlled with other glufosinate applications resulting in no seed production. Germination was affected across location and glufosinate treatments, but no clear trend/pattern was observed. The offspring from Palmer amaranth plants surviving glufosinate applications were controlled by all glufosinate rates tested. These experiments provide evidence that Palmer amaranth surviving glufosinate in the vegetative stages may remain fecund, but fecundity can vary with application timing. No measurable effect on the offspring germination or susceptibility to glufosinate was apparent.
Increasing participant diversity in AD research: Plans for digital screening, blood testing, and a community‐engaged approach in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 4
Authors: Weiner Michael W. , Veitch Dallas P. , Miller Melanie J. , Aisen Paul S. , Albala Bruce , Beckett Laurel A. , Green Robert C. , Harvey Danielle , Jack Clifford R. , Jagust William , Landau Susan M. , Morris John C. , Nosheny Rachel , Okonkwo Ozioma C. , Perrin Richard J. , Petersen Ronald C. , Rivera‐Mindt Monica , Saykin Andrew J. , Shaw Leslie M , Toga Arthur W. , Tosun Duygu , Trojanowski John Q. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) aims to validate biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials. To improve generalizability, ADNI4 aims to enroll 50‐60% of its new participants from underrepresented populations (URPs) using new biofluid and digital technologies. ADNI4 has received funding from the National Institute on Aging beginning September 2022.MethodsADNI4 will recruit URPs using community‐engaged approaches. An online portal will screen 20,000 participants, 4000 of whom (50‐60% URPs) will be tested for plasma biomarkers and APOE. From this, 500 new participants will undergo in‐clinic assessment joining 500 ADNI3 rollover participants. Remaining participants (∼3500) will undergo longitudinal plasma and digital cognitive testing. ADNI4 will add MRI sequences and new PET tracers. Project 1 will optimize biomarkers in AD clinical trials.Results and DiscussionADNI4 will improve generalizability of results, use remote digital and blood screening, and continue providing longitudinal clinical, biomarker, and autopsy data to investigators.
European consensus for the diagnosis of MCI and mild dementia: Preparatory phase
Authors: Festari Cristina , Massa Federico , Cotta Ramusino Matteo , Gandolfo Federica , Nicolosi Valentina , Orini Stefania , Aarsland Dag , Agosta Federica , Babiloni Claudio , Boada Mercè , Borroni Barbara , Cappa Stefano , Dubois Bruno , Frederiksen Kristian S. , Froelich Lutz , Garibotto Valentina , Georges Jean , Haliassos Alexander , Hansson Oskar , Jessen Frank , Kamondi Anita , Kessels Roy P. C. , Morbelli Silvia , O'Brien John T. , Otto Markus , Perret‐Liaudet Armand , Pizzini Francesca B. , Ritchie Craig W. , Scheltens Philip , Vandenbulcke Mathieu , Vanninen Ritva , Verhey Frans , Vernooij Meike W. , Yousry Tarek , Van Der Flier Wiesje M. , Nobili Flavio , Frisoni Giovanni B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionEtiological diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders of middle‐old age relies on biomarkers, although evidence for their rational use is incomplete. A European task force is defining a diagnostic workflow where expert experience fills evidence gaps for biomarker validity and prioritization. We report methodology and preliminary results.MethodsUsing a Delphi consensus method supported by a systematic literature review, 22 delegates from 11 relevant scientific societies defined workflow assumptions.ResultsWe extracted diagnostic accuracy figures from literature on the use of biomarkers in the diagnosis of main forms of neurocognitive disorders. Supported by this evidence, panelists defined clinical setting (specialist outpatient service), application stage (MCI‐mild dementia), and detailed pre‐assessment screening (clinical‐neuropsychological evaluations, brain imaging, and blood tests).DiscussionThe Delphi consensus on these assumptions set the stage for the development of the first pan‐European workflow for biomarkers’ use in the etiological diagnosis of middle‐old age neurocognitive disorders at MCI‐mild dementia stages.Highlights
Rational use of biomarkers in neurocognitive disorders lacks consensus in Europe.
A consensus of experts will define a workflow for the rational use of biomarkers.
The diagnostic workflow will be patient‐centered and based on clinical presentation.
The workflow will be updated as new evidence accrues.
Relocation to avoid costs: A hypothesis on red carotenoid‐based signals based on recent CYP2J19 gene expression data
Authors: Alonso‐Alvarez Carlos , Andrade Pedro , Cantarero Alejandro , Morales Judith , Carneiro Miguel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn many vertebrates, the enzymatic oxidation of dietary yellow carotenoids generates red keto‐carotenoids giving color to ornaments. The oxidase CYP2J19 is here a key effector. Its purported intracellular location suggests a shared biochemical pathway between trait expression and cell functioning. This might guarantee the reliability of red colorations as individual quality signals independent of production costs. We hypothesize that the ornament type (feathers vs. bare parts) and production costs (probably CYP2J19 activity compromising vital functions) could have promoted tissue‐specific gene relocation. We review current avian tissue‐specific CYP2J19 expression data. Among the ten red‐billed species showing CYP2J19 bill expression, only one showed strong hepatic expression. Moreover, a phylogenetically‐controlled analysis of 25 red‐colored species shows that those producing red bare parts are less likely to have strong hepatic CYP2J19 expression than species with only red plumages. Thus, both production costs and shared pathways might have contributed to the evolution of red signals.
A rare presentation of spontaneous rupture of splenic vein aneurysm as cardiac arrest: A case report
Authors: Ilyas Hamid , Akram Hina , Abd Ur Rehman Muhammad , Haris Huda Syed 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSplenic vein aneurysm (SVA) is a rare condition associated primarily with portal hypertension. This case highlights a potentially fatal, rare SVA complication in a young patient who presented in cardiac arrest, creating a diagnostic enigma in the emergency department until a POCUS revealed a possible underlying etiology.
Investigation of methods to prevent pin‐holing defect in tableware ceramic industry
Authors: Hasanuzzaman Muhammad , Islam Faridul , Rashid ARMH 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPin‐holing is one of the major glazing defects that the tableware ceramic industry is experiencing. It is evident from this research work that the pin‐holing defect can be prevented or at least reduced by optimizing composition and sintering profile, which in turn yields pin‐hole‐free tableware ceramics. Differential scanning calorimeter/thermo gravimetric analysis and dilatometer are found to be effective to understand the thermal behavior of specific ceramic tableware bodies and glaze. Dilatometry was employed to investigate the densification behavior and it was found that densification of the ceramic body reached completion by 1300°C. The final optimum firing temperature and soaking time, which are believed to influence the microstructure and mechanical properties of the ceramicware, were found to be 1300°C and 90 min, respectively. The microstructural change of the ceramic body and glaze sintered at different temperatures and times is observed under field emission scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the existence of pin‐holing defect largely depends on the feldspar and quartz content in glaze raw material as well as the applied firing profile, and the result was found satisfactory when the ratio (quartz/feldspar) was ∼2.
HPDA/Zn as aCREBInhibitor for Ultrasound Imaging and Stabilization of Atherosclerosis Plaque†
Authors: Chen Linzi , Jiang Zhenqi , Yang Lifei , Fang Ye , Lu Shuwei , Akakuru Ozioma U. , Huang Shuaishuai , Li Juan , Ma Suya , Wu Aiguo 
Published: October 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThrombosis, secondary to rupture of unstable plaque, is a fatal risk factor for myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. At present, more novel methods are needed for the diagnosis and treatment of vulnerable plaque. Here, we report a hollow polydopamine/Zn (HPDA/Zn) ultrasound contrast agent. Through western‐blot, Elisa, and other experiments, we found that in addition to having a good contrast‐enhancement capability in ultrasound imagingin vitroandin vivo, HPDA/Zn also has the effect of reducing the expression of CREB. CREB protein and its downstream‐regulated proteins and factors are closely related to the stability of plaque. HPDA/Zn has the effect of reducing the expression of CREB protein, which leads to the decrease of expression of MMP‐9, the regulatory protein downstream of the CREB protein. In addition, it also reduces the secretion of inflammatory factors hs‐CRP and IL‐17A. Thus, HPDA/Zn can stabilize plaque by inhibiting CREB and reducing plaque vulnerable markers and inflammatory factors. In a word, HPDA/Zn is a kind of ultrasound contrast agent, which can stabilize plaques by inhibiting CREB protein.
Adaptive local binary descriptor statistics: A novel feature set for heart disease diagnosis
Authors: Andhare Chetan Vikram , Ingle Dayanand 
Published: October 2022

SummaryHeart disease is among the most common causes of death worldwide, and it is critical to recognize the condition early on. Clinical professionals face a difficult task in determining whether or not a person is at risk of coronary artery disease since it necessitates extensive knowledge and the use of rigorous clinical tests. The goal of this study is to create a revolutionary heart disease prediction paradigm by going through three primary phases: “feature extraction, optimum feature selection, and prediction.” Initially, attributes such as “statistical and higher‐order statistical features” are retrieved from the provided input data. “local binary pattern (LBP), arithmetic mean based LBP, harmonic mean based LBP, and geometric mean based LBP features” are retrieved from the suggested higher‐order statistical characteristics. In addition, the original characteristics of the input datasets are retrieved. However, in this case, the “curse of dimensionality” appears to be the most serious problem, necessitating the extraction of the best features. As a result, a new lion using the suggested cub growth function algorithm selects the optimum features from the retrieved data. Finally, an optimized deep convolution neural network is used to forecast the specified characteristics.
A multiple transform based approach for robust and blind image copyright protection
Authors: Sinhal Rishi , Ansari Irshad Ahmad 
Published: October 2022

SummaryDigital image sharing and utilization have increasing in a speedy manner at present time. Therefore, copyright/ownership protection for digital images has been an essential requirement in the modern world of digital advancements. This work offers an image watermarking scheme to provide ownership/copyright verification in an effective manner with no conciliation with imperceptibility. The image is first partitioned into small size blocks. During embedding, a multilevel transform domain‐based framework is employed to embed the watermark information into blocks. Additionally, the block selection process is made randomize (key‐based) to offer high security against illegal manipulations/access. Before embedding, the watermark is encrypted using the Arnold transform‐based approach for additional security. The scheme has blind nature, high imperceptibility and it is robust enough to endure a different variety of processing attacks. Experimental results on different images illustrate that the proposed watermarking approach has high imperceptibility, high robustness, decent embedding capacity, and significant security features. The relative comparison with the existing robust watermarking schemes (having the same payload) shows the superiority of the proposed work over existing methods presented in the recent past.