bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Predictions of Mean Performance and Dynamic Behavior of a 10 MWe SCO2 Compressor With Test Data Validation
Authors: Hosangadi Ashvin , Weathers Timothy , Liu Jason , Pelton Rob , Wygant Karl , Wilkes Jason 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
High-fidelity aerodynamic analysis has been demonstrated for mean performance and unsteady dynamics in a sCO2 compressor designed by Hanwha Power Systems Americas for a 10 MWe Concentrating Solar Power plant. Simulations were performed with crunchcfd® software tool that was matured to accurately model near critical real fluid effects in sCO2. Pretest predictions for mean performance were validated with test data collected later. Performance predictions were accurate and captured sensitivity of the efficiency to inlet temperature of CO2 as well as steep drop-off at high flow rates due to condensation in the inlet throat. Detailed analysis was performed to understand the source of these performance losses at near critical conditions. Unsteady dynamic effects in the compressor at off-design conditions were also identified and quantified. In particular, a system wide “condensation surge” condition was detected at high flow coefficients that results in large amplitude pulsations with accompanying mass flow fluctuations at low frequencies and has potential to cause damage in closed-loop systems.
Effect of Outlet Boundary Condition on the Acoustic Modeshape and Flame Dynamics of a Partially Premixed Swirl Stabilized Combustor
Authors: Sreedeep Sharan , Ramanan Vikram , Chakraborty Aritra , Chakravarthy Satyanarayanan R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Industrial gas turbines commonly use lean premixed swirl stabilized combustors that are prone to thermo-acoustic instabilities. Combustor testing involves several steps ranging from atmospheric to high-pressure conditions. An open outlet boundary condition is maintained for atmospheric tests commonly, whereas high-pressure testing involves complex exit boundary conditions, which change the reflection coefficient and can affect the nature of instability. Current work aims at studying how the change in outlet boundary affects the nature of instability due to changes in the exit reflection coefficient and acoustic mode shape inside the combustor. A laboratory-scale industrial swirl burner that uses partially premixed methane and air at atmospheric conditions is analyzed for this purpose. A constant area contraction ratio of 6.5:1 is maintained at the exit of the combustor while varying the inlet Reynolds number at a constant global equivalence ratio. Flame dynamics based on conditional phase averaged OH* chemiluminescence images and spatial Rayleigh index maps were used to compare different flow rate and exit boundary cases. The outlet contraction affects both the frequency and amplitude of the dominant thermoacoustic mode. The orifice plate at the exit reduces the outlet reflection coefficient leading to a change in acoustic mode shape inside the combustor. Overall, the instability amplitude is reduced considerably for cases with an orifice plates at the exit boundary compared to open exit boundary cases. The results show the importance of defining outlet boundary conditions as a parameter in combustion instability studies. Care should be taken while comparing and interpreting results from different facilities where outlet boundary condition is different.
Negative consequences of failing to communicate uncertainties during a pandemic: an online randomised controlled trial on COVID-19 vaccines
Authors: Batteux Eleonore , Bilovich Avri , Johnson Samuel G B , Tuckett David 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo examine the impact of the government communicating uncertainties relating to COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness on vaccination intention and trust after people are exposed to conflicting information.DesignExperimental design where participants were randomly allocated to one of two groups.SettingOnline.Participants328 adults from a UK research panel.InterventionParticipants received either certain or uncertain communications from a government representative about COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness, before receiving conflicting information about effectiveness.Main outcome measuresVaccination intention and trust in government.ResultsCompared with those who received the uncertain announcement from the government, participants who received the certain announcement reported a greater loss of vaccination intention (d=0.34, 95% CI (0.12 to 0.56), p=0.002) and trust (d=0.34, 95% CI (0.12 to 0.56), p=0.002) after receiving conflicting information.ConclusionsCommunicating with certainty about COVID-19 vaccines reduces vaccination intention and trust if conflicting information arises, whereas communicating uncertainties can protect people from the negative impact of exposure to conflicting information. There are likely to be other factors affecting vaccine intentions, which we do not account for in this study.Trial registration numberOpen Science Framework: https://osf.io/c73px/.
Feasibility of online mindfulness-based interventions for families affected with postpartum depression and anxiety: study protocol
Authors: Tabi Katarina , Bhullar Manreet , Fantu Lenssa , Shulman Barbara , Dueck Royce , Hippman Catriona , Ryan Deirdre , Stewart S Evelyn 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPostpartum depression and anxiety (PPDA) is experienced by up to 20% of families in the first year. The condition impacts not only parents but also their developing child. While mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have shown to be beneficial for this population, many parents do not have access to treatment or find it challenging to commit or complete the treatment. The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened some of the challenges that parents face. The ability to find time for needed self-care and health interventions is also affected by limited childcare support. The opportunity to attend a group online may significantly improve the accessibility to group MBI but may also bring challenges. This study aims to examine the feasibility and acceptability of online MBI groups for parents in families affected with PPDA.Methods and analysisIn this feasibility study, participants will include mothers diagnosed with PPDA and their partners. Two online MBI groups will run simultaneously for 8 weeks: one for mothers with PPDA and another one for their partners. The primary outcome will be feasibility of conducting the online groups, assessed from the facilitators’ perspective, participants’ perspective and attrition throughout the study. The participants’ perspectives on feasibility will be assessed by questions including how difficult it was for them to make it to the sessions, specific obstacles encountered and their scheduling preferences. The facilitators’ perspective will be assessed by frequency of technical difficulties encountered, of disruptions in the online sessions and of episodes where parents leave the screen (eg, to calm their child). Secondary outcomes will include mental health, couple relationship, satisfaction and acceptability which will also be evaluated through participant questionnaires.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received ethics approval from the University of British Columbia Children’s and Women’s Research Ethics Board. Study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04617132.
The current understanding of precision medicine and personalised medicine in selected research disciplines: study protocol of a systematic concept analysis
Authors: Brew-Sam Nicola , Parkinson Anne , Lueck Christian , Brown Ellen , Brown Karen , Bruestle Anne , Chisholm Katrina , Collins Simone , Cook Matthew , Daskalaki Eleni , Drew Janet , Ebbeck Harry , Elisha Mark , Fanning Vanessa , Henschke Adam , Herron Jessica , Matthews Emma , Murugappan Krishnan , Neshev Dragomir , Nolan Christopher J , Pedley Lachlan , Phillips Christine , Suominen Hanna , Tricoli Antonio , Wright Kristine , Desborough Jane 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe terms ‘precision medicine’ and ‘personalised medicine’ have become key terms in health-related research and in science-related public communication. However, the application of these two concepts and their interpretation in various disciplines are heterogeneous, which also affects research translation and public awareness. This leads to confusion regarding the use and distinction of the two concepts. Our aim is to provide a snapshot of the current understanding of these concepts.Methods and analysisOur study will use Rodgers’ evolutionary concept analysis to systematically examine the current understanding of the concepts ‘precision medicine’ and ‘personalised medicine’ in clinical medicine, biomedicine (incorporating genomics and bioinformatics), health services research, physics, chemistry, engineering, machine learning and artificial intelligence, and to identify their respective attributes (clusters of characteristics) and surrogate and related terms. A systematic search of the literature will be conducted for 2016–2022 using databases relevant to each of these disciplines: ACM Digital Library, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, F1000Research, IEEE Xplore, PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science. These are among the most representative databases for the included disciplines. We will examine similarities and differences in definitions of ‘precision medicine’ and ‘personalised medicine’ in the respective disciplines and across (sub)disciplines, including attributes of each term. This will enable us to determine how these two concepts are distinguished.Ethics and disseminationFollowing ethical and research standards, we will comprehensively report the methodology for a systematic analysis following Rodgers’ concept analysis method. Our systematic concept analysis will contribute to the clarification of the two concepts and distinction in their application in given settings and circumstances. Such a broad concept analysis will contribute to non-systematic syntheses of the concepts, or occasional systematic reviews on one of the concepts that have been published in specific disciplines, in order to facilitate interdisciplinary communication, translational medical research and implementation science.
Analysing 11 years of incidence trends, clinicopathological characteristics, and forecasts of colorectal cancer in young and old patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study in an Indonesian national referral hospital
Authors: Rahadiani Nur , Habiburrahman Muhammad , Abdullah Murdani , Jeo Wifanto Saditya , Stephanie Marini , Handjari Diah Rini , Krisnuhoni Ening 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo obtain annual incidence trends, understand clinicopathological characteristics, and forecast the future burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Indonesia.Design11-year retrospective cross-sectional study.SettingA national referral hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia.ParticipantsData from 1584 eligible cases were recorded for trends and forecasting analyses; 433 samples were analysed to determine clinicopathological differences between young (<50 years) and old (≥50 years) patients.MethodsTrend analyses were done using Joinpoint software, expressed in annual percentage change (APC), and a regression analysis was executed to generate a forecasting model. Patients’ characteristics were compared using χ2or non-parametric tests.Main outcomesAnalysis of trends, forecasting model, and clinicopathological features between the age groups.ResultsA significant increase in APC was observed among old patients (+2.38%) for CRC cases. Colon cancer increased remarkably (+9.24%) among young patients; rectal cancer trends were either stable or declining. The trend for right-sided CRC increased in the general population (+6.52%) and old patients (+6.57%), while the trend for left-sided CRC was stable. These cases are expected to be a significant health burden within the next 10 years. Patients had a mean age of 53.17±13.94, 38.1% were young, and the sex ratio was 1.21. Prominent characteristics were left-sided CRC, tumour size ≥5 cm, exophytic growth, adenocarcinoma, histologically low grade, pT3, pN0, inadequately dissected lymph nodes (LNs), LN ratio <0.05, no distant metastasis, early-stage cancer, no lymphovascular invasion, and no perineural invasion (PNI). Distinct features between young and old patients were found in the histological subtype, number of dissected LN, and PNI of the tumour.ConclusionsEpidemiological trends and forecasting analyses of CRC cases in Indonesian patients showed an enormous increase in colon cancer in young patients, a particularly concerning trend. Additionally, young patients exhibited particular clinicopathological characteristics that contributed to disease severity.
Rate of glycaemic control and associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with insulin-based therapy at selected hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Sendekie Ashenafi Kibret , Belachew Eyayaw Ashete , Dagnew Ephrem Mebratu , Netere Adeladlew Kassie 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThis study was aimed to determine the level of glycaemic control and associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with insulin-based therapy.DesignsInstitutional-based multicentre cross-sectional study design was employed to conduct this study.SettingsThe diabetes follow-up clinics of selected hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.ParticipantsAdult patients with T2DM treated with insulin-based therapy at the selected hospitals who met the eligibility criteria were the study participants.Main outcome measuresGood glycaemic control; when fasting blood glucose (FBG) level ranged from 70 to 130 mg/dL, and FBG <70 and >130 mg/dL was considered poor glycaemic control. A logistic regression model was used to identify determinants of poor glycaemic control. A p<0.05 at 95% CI was statistically significant.ResultsOf 403 study participants, 54.8% were males with a mean age of 55.03±10.8 years. Though patients with T2DM were treated with insulin-based therapy, most of the participants (72.5%) could not achieve the target FBG. The overall mean FBG was 177.1±54.3, and far from the target glucose level. Patients who could not practise self-monitoring of blood glucose were found more likely to have poor glycaemic control compared with those who practised self-monitoring (p<0.001). Whereas patients who had a normal body mass index (p=0.011) and who were treated with premixed insulin-based therapy (p=0.04) were found less likely to have poor glycaemic control compared with patients with obesity and who received NPH insulin based-regimens, respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that a significant proportion of the study samples could not achieve glycaemic targets and the average blood glucose was far higher than the recommended glycaemic target level. Insulin initiation and titration, considering the determinants of glycaemic control, could be recommended to achieve target glycaemic levels.
Attitudes of mothers attending public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to neonatal sunlight exposure: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ashebir Yohannes Godie , Sebsibe Girum Teshome , Gela Debela , Kebede Mekonen Adimasu 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSunlight exposure helps the body produce vitamin D, prevents rickets and is used for neonatal jaundice treatment. Good neonatal sunlight exposure is exposing the neonate to sunlight in the morning, 8:00 to 10:00, for 30 to 60 min. However, little is known about the practice of neonatal sunlight exposure among mothers in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the practices and factors associated with neonatal sunlight exposure among mothers attending public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 mothers attending public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling method. The collected data were entered into Epi-data V.4.6 and exported to SPSS V.26 for analysis. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted.ResultsThe practice of neonatal sunlight exposure among mothers was 27.1%. Neonatal age of 16–28 days (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.99, 95% CI 1.15 to 3.44), family members of 4–6 (aOR 1.86, 95% CI 1.08 to 3.21) and ≥7 (aOR 4.43, 95% CI 1.54 to 12.78), living in compound/villa houses (aOR 2.59, 95% CI 1.26 to 5.33), complete antenatal care (ANC) follow-up (aOR 2.79, 95% CI 1.49 to 5.22), delivery at term (aOR 2.54, 95% CI 1.06 to 6.07), poor knowledge of sunlight exposure (aOR 0.40, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.71) and no fear of sunlight exposure (aOR 1.83, 95% CI 1.08 to 3.12) were factors associated with the practice of neonatal sunlight exposure.ConclusionThis study revealed that 27.1% of mothers had good sunlight exposure. Advanced neonatal age, larger family, living in compound/villa houses, complete ANC visits and term delivery were associated with good practices, whereas poor knowledge and fear of sunlight exposure were associated with poor practices. Therefore, interventions focusing on these findings are required to improve the practice of neonatal sunlight exposure.
Estimating potential tree height in Pinus radiata plantations using airborne laser scanning data
Authors: Gavilán-Acuña Gonzalo , Coops Nicholas C. , Tompalski Piotr , Mena-Quijada Pablo 
Published: September 2022

Representing the spatial distribution of trees and competition interactions in growth models improves growth prediction and provides insights into spatially explicit forecasts for precise silvicultural interventions. However, this information is rarely taken into account over large areas because obtaining the spatial distribution of individual trees and estimating their competition is both expensive and time consuming. Airborne laser scanning enables rapid estimation of tree height and other attributes over large areas. In this study, we implemented an individual tree detection approach to first extract tree attributes of Pinus radiata D. Don plantations, and second to use this spatially explicit information on tree location and competition to forecast potential tree height, defined as a maximum projected tree height at rotation age. To do so, using a chronosequence of tree heights, we developed a tree height growth model using a Chapman–Richards function, utilizing the effect of inter-tree competition and stand-level top height (TH) on the tree height growth. The results showed that using chronosequence of heights, competition, and TH resulted in accurate predictions of potential tree height (root mean square error = 2.9 m; mean absolute percentage error = 0.154%). We concluded that individual tree height growth is significantly influenced by competition, with increased competition values associated with reductions in potential height growth by 22.2% at 30 years.
Three Stage Drawing Transfer
Authors: Twomey Robert 
Published: September 2022

This project creates a visual-mental-physical circuit between a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), a co-robotic arm, and a five-year-old child. From training images to the latent space of a GAN, through pen on paper to a live human collaborator, it establishes a series of translational stages between humans and non-humans played out through the medium of drawing. Trained on a subset of the Rhoda Kellogg Child Art Collection, the neural network at the center of this piece learns its own representations of these images. The generated results, synthetic children's drawings, are of interest both for being outside of adult conventions and learned expression-like Dubuffet's art brut or Surrealist automatism-and for how they align machine learning with the human act of learning to draw.
The project layers many kinds of agency and embodiment: from the thousands of anonymous children who produced the original artwork used as training data, through the co-robot drawing from GAN-generated imagery, to the human child's active perception and graphic response to the robot. These questions of where we search for the other; when we attribute autonomy and intelligence; and why we might wish to escape our human subjectivities speak to core issues in the design and use of AI systems. This project is one attempt to think through those questions in an embodied way.
Forward-Solution Noninvasive Computational Arrhythmia Mapping: The VMAP Study
Authors: Krummen David E. , Villongco Christopher T. , Ho Gordon , Schricker Amir A. , Field Michael E. , Sung Kevin , Kacena Katherine A. , Martinson Melissa S. , Hoffmayer Kurt S. , Hsu Jonathan C. , Raissi Farshad , Feld Gregory K. , McCulloch Andrew D. , Han Frederick T. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The accuracy of noninvasive arrhythmia source localization using a forward-solution computational mapping system has not yet been evaluated in blinded, multicenter analysis. This study tested the hypothesis that a computational mapping system incorporating a comprehensive arrhythmia simulation library would provide accurate localization of the site-of-origin for atrial and ventricular arrhythmias and pacing using 12-lead ECG data when compared with the gold standard of invasive electrophysiology study and ablation.

Methods:
The VMAP study (Vectorcardiographic Mapping of Arrhythmogenic Probability) was a blinded, multicenter evaluation with final data analysis performed by an independent core laboratory. Eligible episodes included atrial and ventricular: tachycardia, fibrillation, pacing, premature atrial and ventricular complexes, and orthodromic atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia. Mapping system results were compared with the gold standard site of successful ablation or pacing during electrophysiology study and ablation. Mapping time was assessed from time-stamped logs. Prespecified performance goals were used for statistical comparisons.

Results:

A total of 255 episodes from 225 patients were enrolled from 4 centers. Regional accuracy for ventricular tachycardia and premature ventricular complexes in patients without significant structural heart disease (n=75, primary end point) was 98.7% (95% CI, 96.0%–100%;
P
<0.001 to reject predefined H
0
<0.80). Regional accuracy for all episodes (secondary end point 1) was 96.9% (95% CI, 94.7%–99.0%;
P
<0.001 to reject predefined H
0
<0.75). Accuracy for the exact or neighboring segment for all episodes (secondary end point 2) was 97.3% (95% CI, 95.2%–99.3%;
P
<0.001 to reject predefined H
0
<0.70). Median spatial accuracy was 15 mm (n=255, interquartile range, 7–25 mm). The mapping process was completed in a median of 0.8 minutes (interquartile range, 0.4–1.4 minutes).

Conclusions:
Computational ECG mapping using a forward-solution approach exceeded prespecified accuracy goals for arrhythmia and pacing localization. Spatial accuracy analysis demonstrated clinically actionable results. This rapid, noninvasive mapping technology may facilitate catheter-based and noninvasive targeted arrhythmia therapies.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04559061.