bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoupling between SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility and population mobility associated with increasing immunity from vaccination and infection in South America
Authors: Fiori Marcelo , Bello Gonzalo , Wschebor Nicolás , Lecumberry Federico , Ferragut Andrés , Mordecki Ernesto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAll South American countries from the Southern cone (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay) experienced severe COVID-19 epidemic waves during early 2021 driven by the expansion of variants Gamma and Lambda, however, there was an improvement in different epidemic indicators since June 2021. To investigate the impact of national vaccination programs and natural infection on viral transmission in those South American countries, we analyzed the coupling between population mobility and the viral effective reproduction number $$R_t$$

R
t

. Our analyses reveal that population mobility was highly correlated with viral $$R_t$$

R
t

from January to May 2021 in all countries analyzed; but a clear decoupling occurred since May–June 2021, when the rate of viral spread started to be lower than expected from the levels of social interactions. These findings support that populations from the South American Southern cone probably achieved the conditional herd immunity threshold to contain the spread of regional SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating at that time.
Timing of endoscopy in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Kim Jeemyoung , Gong Eun Jeong , Seo Myeongsook , Park Jong Kyu , Lee Sang Jin , Han Koon Hee , Kim Young Don , Jeong Woo Jin , Cheon Gab Jin , Seo Hyun Il 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe optimal timing of endoscopy in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the clinical outcomes of urgent endoscopy in patients with UGIB compared with elective endoscopy. From January 2016 to December 2018, consecutive patients who visited the emergency department and underwent endoscopy for clinical manifestations of acute UGIB, including variceal bleeding, were eligible. Urgent endoscopy (within 6 h) and elective endoscopy (after 6 h) were defined as the time taken to perform endoscopy after presentation to the emergency department. The primary outcome was mortality rate within 30 days. A total of 572 patients were included in the analysis. Urgent endoscopy was performed in 490 patients (85.7%). The 30-day mortality rate did not differ between the urgent and elective endoscopy groups (5.3% and 6.1%, p = 0.791). There was no difference regarding the recurrent bleeding rate, total amount of transfusion, or length of hospital between the groups. In multivariate analysis, age and the amount of transfusion were associated with mortality. Urgent endoscopy was not associated with a lower 30-day mortality rate compared with elective endoscopy in patients with acute UGIB.
Association between life-style, metabolic syndrome and lower urinary tract symptoms and its impact on quality of life in men ≥ 40 years
Authors: Jeong Ji Bong , Lee Jung Hoon , Choo Min Soo , Ahn Dong-Won , Kim Su Hwan , Lee Dong Seok , Cho Min Chul , Son Hwancheol , Jeong Hyeon , Yoo Sangjun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe aimed to assess the relationship between lifestyle-related variables, metabolic syndrome, and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men ≥ 40 years. We also assessed the impact of these variables on quality of life. From 2014 to 2020, 5355 men who underwent health check-ups with I-PSS questionnaires at our institute were included in the analysis. The impact of LUTS on sleep disorders and moderate to severe degrees of stress were assessed. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the variables associated with LUTS and prostate volume. Moderate and severe LUTS were present in 1317 (24.6%) and 211 (3.9%) men, respectively. Moderate and severe LUTS were significantly associated with the presence of sleep disorders and stress. On multivariable analysis, age, amount of life-long smoking, marital status, income, job, and decreased HDL-cholesterol were associated with the presence of moderate to severe LUTS. Although older age and the amount of life-long smoking was associated with both voiding and storage sub-score, socioeconomic status, including marital status and income were only associated with storage sub-score. In men ≥ 40 years, stable socioeconomic status, in addition to older age, and life-long smoking amount are associated with the presence of moderate to severe LUTS, which worsens sleep quality and stress level, by worsen storage sub-score.
Pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide (PBO) nets reduce the efficacy of indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors
Authors: Syme Thomas , Gbegbo Martial , Obuobi Dorothy , Fongnikin Augustin , Agbevo Abel , Todjinou Damien , Ngufor Corine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPirimiphos-methyl is a pro-insecticide requiring activation by mosquito cytochrome P450 enzymes to induce toxicity while PBO blocks activation of these enzymes in pyrethroid-resistant vector mosquitoes. PBO may thus antagonise the toxicity of pirimiphos-methyl IRS when combined with pyrethroid-PBO ITNs. The impact of combining Olyset Plus and PermaNet 3.0 with Actellic 300CS IRS was evaluated against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. in two parallel experimental hut trials in southern Benin. The vector population was resistant to pyrethroids and PBO pre-exposure partially restored deltamethrin toxicity but not permethrin. Mosquito mortality in experimental huts was significantly improved in the combinations of bendiocarb IRS with pyrethroid-PBO ITNs (33–38%) compared to bendiocarb IRS alone (14–16%, p < 0.001), demonstrating an additive effect. Conversely, mortality was significantly reduced in the combinations of pirimiphos-methyl IRS with pyrethroid-PBO ITNs (55–59%) compared to pirimiphos-methyl IRS alone (77–78%, p < 0.001), demonstrating evidence of an antagonistic effect when both interventions are applied in the same household. Mosquito mortality in the combination was significantly higher compared to the pyrethroid-PBO ITNs alone (55–59% vs. 22–26% p < 0.001) showing potential of pirimiphos-methyl IRS to enhance vector control when deployed to complement pyrethroid-PBO ITNs in an area where PBO fails to fully restore susceptibility to pyrethroids.
Variations in leaf water status and drought tolerance of dominant tree species growing in multi-aged tropical forests in Thailand
Authors: Unawong Weerapong , Yaemphum Siriphong , Nathalang Anuttara , Chen Yajun , Domec Jean-Christophe , Tor-ngern Pantana 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLarge-scale abandoned agricultural areas in Southeast Asia resulted in patches of forests of multiple successions and characteristics, challenging the study of their responses to environmental changes, especially under climatic water stress. Here, we investigated seasonal variation in leaf water status and drought tolerance of dominant tree species in three multi-aged tropical forests, ranging from 5 to > 200 years old, with contrasting soil moisture in Thailand. Seasonal variation in leaf water status differed among the forests with trees in young and intermediate sites demonstrating larger differences between seasons than the old-growth forest. Although vulnerability to embolism curves revealed that trees in old-growth forest were potentially more sensitive to declining leaf water status than others, they were predicted to lose < 5% of their hydraulic capacity as opposed to 13% for the trees in the younger sites. Our results suggest that the responses to water stress of tree species in different forest ages greatly vary with a tendency of trees in younger sites to be more resilience than those in older sites. Such information would benefit the selection of tree species that could adapt well to specific environments, thus improving the strategies for managing forests of different ages under a warmer future.
Analysis of stiffness and damping performance of the composite leaf spring
Authors: Zou Xiaojun , Zhang Bao , Yin Guodong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLightweight design of leaf springs is conducive to reducing fuel consumption and improving vehicle comfort. The weight of leaf spring can be reduced obviously by using composite material. Stiffness and damping are the key factors that affect the properties of the leaf spring. The influence of the glass fiber laying angle and volume content on the stiffness and damping of the composite leaf spring was analyzed through experiment and simulation. The results show that the stiffness and damping properties of the leaf springs are related to the fiber laying angle and the fiber volume content. When the volume content and the number of layers are constant, the stiffness shows a nonlinear decreasing relationship with the laying angle, and the damping coefficient increases linearly with the laying angle. When the laying angle and the number of layers are constant, the stiffness increases linearly with the fiber volume content; the damping coefficient has a nonlinear decreasing relationship with the fiber volume content. The type of research can provide theoretical basis and reference for the design, analysis and optimization of composite leaf spring.
Process intensification of element extraction using centrifugal contactors in the nuclear fuel cycle
Authors: Baker Alastair , Fells Alex , Carrott Michael J. , Maher Chris J. , Hanson Bruce C. 
Published: April 2022

This review focuses on consolidating the sequential selective element extraction performed in the process intensification equipment known as Centrifugal Contactors (CCs), the unpredicted precipitation that arises, and finally solutions for inhibiting in situ solids formation.
Colours of velvet noise
Authors: Meyer‐Kahlen Nils , Schlecht Sebastian J. , Välimäki Vesa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVelvet noise is a sparse ternary pseudo‐random signal containing only a small portion of non‐zero values. In this work, the derivation of the spectral properties of velvet noise is presented. In particular, it is shown that the original velvet noise is white, i.e. has a constant power spectrum. For velvet noise variants with altered probability of polarity, the spectral characteristics are analytically derived. Crushed additive velvet noise is shown to have potential in the design of coloured sparse noise sequences, which are useful in acoustic signal processing.
Pure hardware design and implementation on FPGA of an EKF based accelerated SoC estimator for a lithium‐ion battery in electric vehicles
Authors: Jemmali Sabeur , Manaï Bilal , Hamouda Mahmoud 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe State of Charge monitoring is a key operation for the safety and reliability of electric vehicles. The Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is a powerful algorithm that enables an accurate estimation of the SoC under noisy measurement conditions. However, its real‐time implementation needs a higher computation burden and lots of resources. To achieve a faster run‐time and an accelerated SoC estimation, this paper proposes a pure hardware implementation technique on FPGA of the EKF algorithm without soft‐core. Moreover, a new protocol is designed to ensure a flexible data transfer between the FPGA and the external interface. The effectiveness of the proposed hardware architecture is validated on a Hardware‐In‐the‐Loop platform that consists of a Xilinx FPGA board Zynq‐7000 and LabVIEW. The obtained SoC average estimation errors are close to the literature outcomes and are equal to 0.84% in continuous load profile and 5.34% in dynamic load profile. Moreover, the average prediction error of the battery voltage is equal to 34.9 mV. The results are obtained with the benefits of low energy consumption and high operation speed to run one iteration of the EKF core. Indeed, the FPGA consumes only 530 mW and needs a run‐time equal to 1.025 μs at a 100 MHz clock frequency.
Direct current grid‐based doubly‐fed induction generator wind turbines: Real‐time control and stability analysis
Authors: Akhbari Allahyar , Rahimi Mohsen , Khooban Mohammad Hassan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCommonly, a simple topology consisting of a single diode‐rectifier and pulse‐width‐modulation (PWM) converter is used for the connection of the doubly‐fed induction generator‐based wind turbines (DFIG‐WTs) to the DC grid, in which the rotor‐side converter (RSC) and the stator diode‐rectifier are linked to the common DC bus. But, this topology suffers from less flexibility due to the requirement of matching the stator nominal voltage with the DC grid. Hence, in this paper, a buck converter is added to the DFIG‐WT topology and two methods are proposed to control the power converters, where in the first one, the RSC regulates the active power and stator flux linkage, and in the second one, the RSC regulates the DC bus voltage and stator flux linkage. Then, the small‐signal stability and the performance of the DFIG‐WT system with the mentioned control strategies are compared analytically and through the off‐line simulations. At last, a real‐time hardware‐in‐the‐loop (HIL) emulation‐based OPAL‐RT is carried out to investigate the performance of the proposed control methods from a practical perspective.
Application of Surface Landmarks Combined with Image-Guided Sinus Location in the Retrosigmoid Approach and Their Clinic-Image Relationship Analysis
Authors: Wu Weichi , Li Chang , Zhu Xiaoyan , Guo Xiaoyu , Zhu Hui dan , Lin Zhu , Liu Haibin , Mou Yonggao , Zhang Ji 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives During craniotomy for cerebellopontine angle (CPA) lesions, the exact exposure of the margin of the venous sinuses complex remains an essential but risky part of the procedure. Here, we revealed the exact position of the asterion and sinus complex by combining preoperative image information and intraoperative cranial landmarks, and analyzed their clinic-image relationship.
Methods Ninety-four patients who underwent removal of vestibular schwannoma (VS) through retrosigmoid craniotomies were enrolled in the series. To determine the exact location of the sigmoid sinus and the transverse sinus and sigmoid sinus junction (TSSJ), we used preoperative images, such as computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with intraoperative anatomical landmarks. The distance between the asterion and the sigmoid sinus was measured using MRI T1 sequences with gadolinium and/or the CT bone window.
Results In 94 cases of retrosigmoid craniotomies, the asterion lay an average of 12.71 mm on the posterior to the body surface projection to the TSSJ. Intraoperative cranial surface landmarks were used in combination with preoperative image information to identify the distance from the asterion to the sigmoid sinus at the transverse sinus level, allowing for an appropriate initial burr hole (the margin of the TSSJ).
Conclusion By combining intraoperative anatomical landmarks and preoperative image information, the margin of the TSSJ, in particular, the inferior margin of the transverse sinus, can be well and thoroughly identified in the retrosigmoid approach.
An ensemble model based on early predictors to forecast COVID-19 health care demand in France
Authors: Paireau Juliette , Andronico Alessio , Hozé Nathanaël , Layan Maylis , Crépey Pascal , Roumagnac Alix , Lavielle Marc , Boëlle Pierre-Yves , Cauchemez Simon 
Published: April 2022

Significance
The COVID-19 pandemic is inducing significant stress on health care structures, which can be quickly saturated with negative consequences for patients. As hospitalization comes late in the infection history of a patient, early predictors—such as the number of cases, mobility, climate, and vaccine coverage—could improve forecasts of health care demand. Predictive models taken individually have their pros and cons, and it is advantageous to combine the predictions in an ensemble model. Here, we design an ensemble that combines several models to anticipate French COVID-19 health care needs up to 14 days ahead. We retrospectively test this model, identify the best predictors of the growth rate of hospital admissions, and propose a promising approach to facilitate the planning of hospital activity.
Genomewide CRISPR knockout screen identified PLAC8 as an essential factor for SADS-CoVs infection
Authors: Tse Longping V. , Meganck Rita M. , Araba Kenza C. , Yount Boyd L. , Shaffer Kendall M. , Hou Yixuan J. , Munt Jennifer E. , Adams Lily E. , Wykoff Jason A. , Morowitz Jeremy M. , Dong Stephanie , Magness Scott T. , Marzluff William F. , Gonzalez Liara M. , Ehre Camille , Baric Ralph S. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
A potential outbreak of swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) in the human population could be devastating. Using genomewide CRISPR knockout screening, we identified the placenta-associated 8 protein (PLAC8) as an essential host factor for SADS-CoV infection, uncovering a novel antiviral target for CoV infection. The PLAC8-related pathway may also have implications for other CoV infections. Given the ability of SADS-CoV to infect human primary cultures without adaptation, our findings lay the foundation for pandemic preparedness for the potential emergence of SADS-CoVs in response to the One Health Initiative.
Passively harmonic mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser based on 2H-MoTe2 saturable absorber
Authors: Zhang Lu-Lu , Xu Lu-Feng , Wu Yun-Feng , Tian Jin-Rong , Song Yan-Rong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We demonstrated a harmonic mode-locked Erbium-doped fiber laser based on a saturable absorber (SA) of 2H-MoTe2, which is a member of the transition metal dichalcogenides. The SA mode-locker was made by integrating the 2H-MoTe2 into a D-shaped fiber, and then was inserted into an erbium-doped fiber laser for mode-locking. The nonlinear modulation depth and saturation power of 2H-MoTe2-based SA were 10.9% and 19 MW cm−2, respectively. The fundamentally mode-locked pulse train had a pulse width of 577 fs and a repetition rate of 14.32 MHz. The highest order of harmonic mode locking was 55th, which had the repetition rate of 787.6 MHz, pulse width of 820 fs and average output power of 11.8 mW. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest operating repetition frequency that has ever been demonstrated in a 2H-MoTe2-based fiber laser. The experimental results validate the feasibility of 2H-MoTe2 as a promising SA for generating ultrashort pulses with high repetition rates.
The effect of stimulus number on the recognition accuracy and information transfer rate of SSVEP–BCI in augmented reality
Authors: Zhang Rui , Xu Zongxin , Zhang Lipeng , Cao Lijun , Hu Yuxia , Lu Beihan , Shi Li , Yao Dezhong , Zhao Xincan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objective. The biggest advantage of steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain–computer interface (BCI) lies in its large command set and high information transfer rate (ITR). Almost all current SSVEP–BCIs use a computer screen (CS) to present flickering visual stimuli, which limits its flexible use in actual scenes. Augmented reality (AR) technology provides the ability to superimpose visual stimuli on the real world, and it considerably expands the application scenarios of SSVEP–BCI. However, whether the advantages of SSVEP–BCI can be maintained when moving the visual stimuli to AR glasses is not known. This study investigated the effects of the stimulus number for SSVEP–BCI in an AR context. Approach. We designed SSVEP flickering stimulation interfaces with four different numbers of stimulus targets and put them in AR glasses and a CS to display. Three common recognition algorithms were used to analyze the influence of the stimulus number and stimulation time on the recognition accuracy and ITR of AR–SSVEP and CS–SSVEP. Main results. The amplitude spectrum and signal-to-noise ratio of AR–SSVEP were not significantly different from CS–SSVEP at the fundamental frequency but were significantly lower than CS–SSVEP at the second harmonic. SSVEP recognition accuracy decreased as the stimulus number increased in AR–SSVEP but not in CS–SSVEP. When the stimulus number increased, the maximum ITR of CS–SSVEP also increased, but not for AR–SSVEP. When the stimulus number was 25, the maximum ITR (142.05 bits min−1) was reached at 400 ms. The importance of stimulation time in SSVEP was confirmed. When the stimulation time became longer, the recognition accuracy of both AR–SSVEP and CS–SSVEP increased. The peak value was reached at 3 s. The ITR increased first and then slowly decreased after reaching the peak value. Significance. Our study indicates that the conclusions based on CS–SSVEP cannot be simply applied to AR–SSVEP, and it is not advisable to set too many stimulus targets in the AR display device.
Air Quality Status in Konya City Centre, Konya, Turkey during Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Yahaya N Z , Jalaludin J , Toros H , Dursun S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
High developed industry regions, provincial centers with a heavy traffic and dense populations with cold winters, using low-quality fossil fuel consumption have an effect on quality of life especially for people with respiratory diseases. The air quality data gathered from air monitoring stations for the City Center of Konya, Turkey were analysed statistically during the period when curfew due to the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020. The restrictions that cause the reduction of vehicle exhaust emissions, which are important factors in the formation of some air pollutants, are thought to be effective in improving the air quality as well as meteorological conditions are effective on the days when the air quality is analysed. It is thought that the reduction in HC, NOx, CO and PM emissions, which can be evaluated as exhaust emissions, will be an effective factor due to the restrictions of Covid-19 pandemic. Comparing between the 2019 and 2020 MCO data, we identified that most of the gases decreased with NO2 (-24 µg/m3), SO2 (-24 µg/m3), CO (-37 µg/m3) and an increment of O3 of +50 µg/m3 which indicates that the MCO and restricted of movement were give an impact to air quality levels in Konya City. The increase in O3 values were found by the existing of the sun rays in the atmosphere with the formation of O3 during the clean air period.
Sensitivity of bulb tissue section for detection of Fusarium causes Moler disease of shallot
Authors: Widono S , Hadiwiyono  , Poromarto S H , Supyani  , Wahyuni N 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Moler caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cepae is a seed-borne disease, so the disease intensity in the field is depend on the amount of initial inoculum in the infected bulbs as seeds. Therefore, the detection of seed-borne pathogens is important to determine the potential of their transmission. The aim of this research was to evaluate the sensitivity of the bulb tissue of shallot based on the pathogen Infection Index by incubation method on agar media to detect the presence of F. oxysporum f.sp. cepae. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with five replications and three varieties of shallots (Thailand, Bima, and Bauji). Each treatment unit was placed in a Petri’s dish with a diameter of 20 cm, containing 40 mL PDA on which 16 pieces of the tip, middle, and base of the bulb tissues were placed, which were incubated for 7 days. Pathogen Infection Index is a parameter that was observed macroscopically and microscopically. The results showed that the base of the bulbs tissue section of the three varieties tested showed higher sensitivity than the other part to detect the presence of F. oxysporum f.sp. cepae in shallot. It indicates that the basal bulb is the major infection side of the pathogen.