bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generic prediction of exocytosis rate constants by size-based surface energies of nanoparticles and cells
Authors: Lu Bingqing , Wang Jiaqi , Scheepers Paul T. J. , Hendriks A. Jan , Nolte Tom M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNanotechnology brings benefits in fields such as biomedicine but nanoparticles (NPs) may also have adverse health effects. The effects of surface-modified NPs at the cellular level have major implications for both medicine and toxicology. Semi-empirical and mechanism-based models aid to understand the cellular transport of various NPs and its implications for quantitatively biological exposure while avoiding large-scale experiments. We hypothesized relationships between NPs-cellular elimination, surface functionality and elimination pathways by cells. Surface free energy components were used to characterize the transport of NPs onto membranes and with lipid vesicles, covering both influences by size and hydrophobicity of NPs. The model was built based on properties of neutral NPs and cells, defining Van de Waals forces, electrostatic forces and Lewis acid–base (polar) interactions between NPs and vesicles as well as between vesicles and cell membranes. We yielded a generic model for estimating exocytosis rate constants of various neutral NPs by cells based on the vesicle-transported exocytosis pathways. Our results indicate that most models are well fitted (R2 ranging from 0.61 to 0.98) and may provide good predictions of exocytosis rate constants for NPs with differing surface functionalities (prediction errors are within 2 times for macrophages). Exocytosis rates differ between cancerous cells with metastatic potential and non-cancerous cells. Our model provides a reference for cellular elimination of NPs, and intends for medical applications and risk assessment.
Thermo-optic tuning of silicon nitride microring resonators with low loss non-volatile $$\hbox {Sb}_{2}\hbox {S}_{3}$$ phase change material
Authors: Ilie Stefan T. , Faneca Joaquin , Zeimpekis Ioannis , Bucio Thalía Domínguez , Grabska Katarzyna , Hewak Daniel W. , Chong Harold M. H. , Gardes Frederic Y. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA new family of phase change material based on antimony has recently been explored for applications in near-IR tunable photonics due to its wide bandgap, manifested as broadband transparency from visible to NIR wavelengths. Here, we characterize$$\hbox {Sb}_{2} \hbox {S}_{3}$$Sb2S3optically and demonstrate the integration of this phase change material in a silicon nitride platform using a microring resonator that can be thermally tuned using the amorphous and crystalline states of the phase change material, achieving extinction ratios of up to 18 dB in the C-band. We extract the thermo-optic coefficient of the amorphous and crystalline states of the$$\hbox {Sb}_{2}\hbox {S}_{3}$$Sb2S3to be 3.4 x$$10^{-4}\hbox {K}^{-1}$$10-4K-1and 0.1 x 10$$^{-4}\hbox {K}^{-1}$$-4K-1, respectively. Additionally, we detail the first observation of bi-directional shifting for permanent trimming of a non-volatile switch using continuous wave (CW) laser exposure ($$-5.9$$-5.9to 5.1 dBm) with a modulation in effective refractive index ranging from +5.23 x$$10^{-5}$$10-5to$$-1.20$$-1.20x 10$$^{-4}$$-4. This work experimentally verifies optical phase modifications and permanent trimming of$$\hbox {Sb}_{2}\hbox {S}_{3}$$Sb2S3, enabling potential applications such as optically controlled memories and weights for neuromorphic architecture and high density switch matrix using a multi-layer PECVD based photonic integrated circuit.
Mouse tissue glycome atlas 2022 highlights inter-organ variation in major N-glycan profiles
Authors: Otaki Michiru , Hirane Nozomi , Natsume-Kitatani Yayoi , Nogami Itoh Mari , Shindo Masanori , Kurebayashi Yoichi , Nishimura Shin-Ichiro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study presents “mouse tissue glycome atlas” representing the profiles of major N-glycans of mouse glycoproteins that may define their essential functions in the surface glycocalyx of mouse organs/tissues and serum-derived extracellular vesicles (exosomes). Cell surface glycocalyx composed of a variety of N-glycans attached covalently to the membrane proteins, notably characteristic “N-glycosylation patterns” of the glycocalyx, plays a critical role for the regulation of cell differentiation, cell adhesion, homeostatic immune response, and biodistribution of secreted exosomes. Given that the integrity of cell surface glycocalyx correlates significantly with maintenance of the cellular morphology and homeostatic immune functions, dynamic alterations of N-glycosylation patterns in the normal glycocalyx caused by cellular abnormalities may serve as highly sensitive and promising biomarkers. Although it is believed that inter-organs variations in N-glycosylation patterns exist, information of the glycan diversity in mouse organs/tissues remains to be elusive. Here we communicate for the first-time N-glycosylation patterns of 16 mouse organs/tissues, serum, and serum-derived exosomes of Slc:ddY mice using an established solid-phase glycoblotting platform for the rapid, easy, and high throughput MALDI-TOFMS-based quantitative glycomics. The present results elicited occurrence of the organ/tissue-characteristic N-glycosylation patterns that can be discriminated to each other. Basic machine learning analysis using this N-glycome dataset enabled classification between 16 mouse organs/tissues with the highest F1 score (69.7–100%) when neural network algorithm was used. A preliminary examination demonstrated that machine learning analysis of mouse lung N-glycome dataset by random forest algorithm allows for the discrimination of lungs among the different mouse strains such as the outbred mouse Slc:ddY, inbred mouse DBA/2Crslc, and systemic lupus erythematosus model mouse MRL-lpr/lpr with the highest F1 score (74.5–83.8%). Our results strongly implicate importance of “human organ/tissue glycome atlas” for understanding the crucial and diversified roles of glycocalyx determined by the organ/tissue-characteristic N-glycosylation patterns and the discovery research for N-glycome-based disease-specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Comparison of adiposity anthropometric indices and their associations with visceral fat levels determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis among diabetic patients
Authors: Tuglo Lawrence Sena 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVisceral fat (VF) and its effect on metabolic disorders have been extensively studied; nevertheless, there is a need for a simple and reliable index to equally assess VF in low-resource settings. This multihospital-based study was designed to compare the five adiposity anthropometric indices and their associations with VF levels determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis as the reference standard among diabetic patients. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect anthropometric, biochemical and hemodynamic data from 473 diabetic patients. Regression analysis was performed to determine the associations between the five adiposity anthropometric indices and VF levels. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to confirm the predictive capacities of the five adiposity anthropometric indices with VF levels. The waist-to-height ratio WHtR showed the greatest ROC value [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.745,p˂0.001] in identifying diabetic patients with high VF levels compared to body mass index BMI [AUC = 0.584,p = 0.047], waist circumference WC [AUC = 0.723,p˂0.001], hip circumference HC [AUC = 0.647,p˂0.001] and waist-to-hip ratio WHR [AUC = 0.711,p˂0.001]. Likewise, the regression analysis of WHtR and VF levels revealed the strongest association [unadjusted odds ratio (UOR) = 21.49,p < 0.001] compared to BMI [UOR = 6.77,p = 0.008], WC [UOR = 6.37,p < 0.001], HC [UOR = 5.93,p = 0.002] and WHR [UOR = 13.17,p < 0.001]. The optimal cut-off values to identify diabetic patients with high VF levels were > 0.5 for WHtR, > 25.7 kg/m2 for BMI, > 80.5 cm for WC, > 95.5 cm for HC and > 0.82 for WHR. WHtR was shown to have overpowered BMI, HC, WC and WHR in identifying diabetic patients with high VF levels. Therefore, the Ghana Health Service could recommend WHtR as a better diagnostic index for assessing VF levels due to its high predictive capacity.
Rehabilitation of Airway Protection in Individuals With Movement Disorders: A Telehealth Feasibility Study
Authors: Sevitz Jordanna S. , Borders James C. , Dakin Avery E. , Kiefer Brianna R. , Alcalay Roy N. , Kuo Sheng-Han , Troche Michelle S. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
Airway protective deficits (swallowing and cough) greatly reduce health and quality of life and are a pervasive consequence of neurodegenerative movement disorders. Expiratory muscle strength training (EMST) and cough skill training (CST) are two treatment approaches to improve airway protection; however, many patients are unable to access these treatments. Telehealth may improve access to care, but it remains unknown whether these treatments are feasible and efficacious via telehealth. This study aimed to determine the practical feasibility and preliminary treatment effect of EMST and CST via telehealth.

Method:
Twenty participants with movement disorders completed 4 weeks of EMST and 2 weeks of CST, including two clinician-directed treatment sessions via telehealth and 3 days of home practice per week. Feasibility was calculated for each treatment. Practical feasibility was defined as completing treatment (EMST or CST) and obtaining the relevant outcome measures—a proxy of maximum expiratory pressure (pMEP) for EMST and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) for CST—within a 30-min session/period. Session factors that may have influenced feasibility were examined. Preliminary treatment effect was defined as changes in pMEP and PEFR.

Results:
Time taken to obtain pMEP and complete EMST was 17.48 min, and time taken to obtain PEFR and complete CST was 17.69 min. pMEP, single voluntary cough PEFR, and sequential voluntary cough PEFR increased from pre- to posttreatment.

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that the delivery of EMST and CST is feasible via telehealth and yield improvements to pMEP and PEFR. This has important implications for expanding service delivery of airway protective interventions and reducing health care disparities in people with neurodegenerative movement disorders.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21357669
Phoneme Categorization in Prelingually Deaf Adult Cochlear Implant Users
Authors: Bochner Joseph , Samar Vincent , Prud'hommeaux Emily , Huenerfauth Matt 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
Phoneme categorization (PC) for voice onset time and second formant transition was studied in adult cochlear implant (CI) users with early-onset deafness and hearing controls.

Method:
Identification and discrimination tasks were administered to 30 participants implanted before 4 years of age, 21 participants implanted after 7 years of age, and 21 hearing individuals.

Results:
Distinctive identification and discrimination functions confirmed PC within all groups. Compared to hearing participants, the CI groups generally displayed longer/higher category boundaries, shallower identification function slopes, reduced identification consistency, and reduced discrimination performance. A principal component analysis revealed that identification consistency, discrimination accuracy, and identification function slope, but not boundary location, loaded on a single factor, reflecting general PC performance. Earlier implantation was associated with better PC performance within the early CI group, but not the late CI group. Within the early CI group, earlier implantation age but not PC performance was associated with better speech recognition. Conversely, within the late CI group, better PC performance but not earlier implantation age was associated with better speech recognition.

Conclusions:
Results suggest that implantation timing within the sensitive period before 4 years of age partly determines the level of PC performance. They also suggest that early implantation may promote development of higher level processes that can compensate for relatively poor PC performance, as can occur in challenging listening conditions.
Echtes Seifenkraut, Saponaria officinalis L.
Authors: Ngo Thu Ha , Melzig MatthiasF. 
Published: October 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDas Echte Seifenkraut, Saponaria officinalis L., ist eine weit verbreitete
Pflanze, die schon seit der Antike wegen ihrer vielfältigen Wirkungen
therapeutisch und zu Reinigungszwecken eingesetzt wird. Phytotherapeutisch dienen
Saponaria-Drogen wegen ihres Gehaltes an Triterpensaponinen als
Expektorans und Sekretolytikum. Die Saponine wirken auch antimykotisch sowie
immunstimulierend. Daneben induziert das in den Samen der Pflanze vorkommende Lektin
Saporin zytotoxische Effekte und wird gegenwärtig als Bestandteil von
Immunotoxinen in der Krebstherapie eingesetzt.
55 Monate nach regionaler Chemotherapie eines fortgeschrittenen Zungengrundkarzinoms
Authors: Aigner Karl R. 
Published: October 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEin 47-jähriger Patient mit einem die mediane Linie überschreitenden Zungengrundkarzinom im Stadium IVA wurde mit insgesamt drei Zyklen intraarterieller Chemotherapie über die linke und rechte A. carotis behandelt. Zur Toxizitätsprophylaxe wurde jeweils eine Chemofiltration im venösen Rückfluss aus dem Tumorareal durchgeführt. Die initial erschwerte orale Nahrungsaufnahme als auch Schmerzen im Stadium 3, waren zum Zeitpunkt der zweiten Therapie nahezu und zu Beginn der dritten Therapie völlig verschwunden. Der Tumor ist seit 55 Monaten in Komplettremission und der Patient völlig beschwerdefrei. Das Prinzip der gesteigerten Tumortoxizität der intraarteriellen Chemotherapie beruht auf der hohen Zytostatikaaufnahme bei der ersten Passage durch die Tumorgefäße.
Die wechselvolle Geschichte der Klinik für Dermatologie und Phlebologie im Friedrichshain
Authors: Hermes Barbara , Ludwig-Peitsch Wiebke 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel beschreibt die Geschichte der Hautklinik im Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin von ihren Anfängen 1943 in Berlin-Buch als Ersatz für die zerstörte Hautklinik der Charité bis zur modernen zertifizierten Klinik mit breitem dermatologischen Angebot von heute. Zwischenzeitlich galt es, sowohl politischen Wandel und zwei Umzüge zu bestehen, als auch Schwerpunkte zu setzen und neue Entwicklungen in der Dermatologie in das Klinikspektrum zu integrieren.
Single-beam triaxial spin-exchange relaxation-free atomic magnetometer utilizing transverse modulation fields
Authors: Li Lin , Tang Junjian , Zhao Binbin , Cao Li , Zhou Binquan , Zhai Yueyang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We display a single-beam triaxial spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) atomic magnetometer by utilizing two orthogonal transverse modulation fields perpendicular to the light. The magnetic field’s three-axis vector components can be extracted simultaneously and independently from the transmitted light by lock-in amplifiers with reference to the different demodulated frequencies. We find that the residual magnetic field is a significant factor that could affect triaxial coupling, and specially the influence of the z-axis remanence on xy-axis coupling is studied in detail. Under the optimal parameters, the three-axis sensitivities are 20 fT Hz

−

1

/

2

in the x- and y- axis, and 230 fT Hz

−

1

/

2

in the z-axis. Meanwhile, the three-axis bandwidths are 110 Hz, 138 Hz and 211 Hz in the x-, y- and z-axis, respectively. The proposed single-beam triaxial SERF atomic magnetometer could be used to construct a compact and low-cost atomic sensor that is particularly suitable for the vector measurement of the biomagnetic such as magnetoencephalography and magnetocardiography.
Progress on nuclear reaction rates affecting the stellar production of 26Al
Authors: Laird A M , Lugaro M , Kankainen A , Adsley P , Bardayan D W , Brinkman H E , Côté B , Deibel C M , Diehl R , Hammache F , den Hartogh J W , José J , Kurtulgil D , Lederer-Woods C , Lotay G , Meynet G , Palmerini S , Pignatari M , Reifarth R , de Séréville N , Sieverding A , Stancliffe R J , Trueman T C L , Lawson T , Vink J S , Massimi C , Mengoni A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The radioisotope 26Al is a key observable for nucleosynthesis in the Galaxy and the environment of the early Solar System. To properly interpret the large variety of astronomical and meteoritic data, it is crucial to understand both the nuclear reactions involved in the production of 26Al in the relevant stellar sites and the physics of such sites. These range from the winds of low- and intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch stars; to massive and very massive stars, both their Wolf–Rayet winds and their final core-collapse supernovae (CCSN); and the ejecta from novae, the explosions that occur on the surface of a white dwarf accreting material from a stellar companion. Several reactions affect the production of 26Al in these astrophysical objects, including (but not limited to) 25Mg(p, γ)26Al, 26Al(p, γ)27Si, and 26Al(n, p/α). Extensive experimental effort has been spent during recent years to improve our understanding of such key reactions. Here we present a summary of the astrophysical motivation for the study of 26Al, a review of its production in the different stellar sites, and a timely evaluation of the currently available nuclear data. We also provide recommendations for the nuclear input into stellar models and suggest relevant, future experimental work.
Investigations on structural, electronic and optical properties of ZnO in two-dimensional configurations by first-principles calculations
Authors: Wang Hong-Ji , Yang Jun-Tao , Xu Chang-Ju , Huang Hai-Ming , Min Qing , Xiong Yong-Chen , Luo Shi-Jun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The electronic structures and optical properties of two-dimensional (2D) ZnO monolayers in a series of configurations were systematically investigated by first-principles calculations with Hubbard U evaluated by the linear response approach. Three types of 2D ZnO monolayers, as planer hexagonal-honeycomb (Plan), double-layer honeycomb (Dlhc), and corrugated tetragonal (Tile) structures, show a mechanical and dynamical stability, while the Dlhc-ZnO is the most energetically stable configuration and Plan-ZnO is the second one. Each 2D ZnO monolayer behaves as a semiconductor with that Plan-, Dlhc-ZnO have a direct band gap of 1.81 eV and 1.85 eV at the Γ point, respectively, while Tile-ZnO has an indirect band gap of 2.03 eV. Interestingly, the 2D ZnO monolayers all show a typical near-free-electron character for the bottom conduction band with a small effective mass, leading to a tremendous optical absorption in the whole visible and ultraviolet window, and this origination was further confirmed by the transition dipole moment. Our investigations suggest a potential candidate in the photoelectric field and provide a theoretical guidance for the exploration of wide-band-gap 2D semiconductors.
Breast tumor detection by 1D-convolutional neural network based on ultra-wide-band microwave technology
Authors: Lu Min , Xiao Xia , Liu Guancong , Lu Hong , Pang Yanwei , Kikkawa Takamaro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ultra-wide band (UWB) microwave is a promising technology for non-invasive detection of breast tumors due to its low cost and the absence of ionizing radiation. However, breast heterogeneity is still the main technical barrier of microwave imaging at present. It is challenging to identify whether there are tumor responses from the detected microwave signals because they contain many high-magnitude skin and fibroglandular scattering signals. To this end, a 1D-convolution neural network (CNN) is proposed to detect the presence of breast tumors directly from raw time-domain microwave signals, avoiding complex microwave image reconstruction and time-consuming feature engineering. The designed network has 10 weight layers; it is composed of a stack of convolution-rectified linear unit-batch normalization layers, and every two stacks are followed by a maxpooling layer. At the end of the network are two fully connected layers to complete the detection task. With the proposed network, the detection accuracies on two datasets simulated by an electromagnetic solver reach 98.20% and 95.97%. The accuracy of experimental verification based on the practical UWB detection system remains good, reaching 94.66%. Finally, through the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding technique, the results of feature visualization prove the effectiveness of the trained CNN model. The evaluation results indicate the superior performance of the proposed approach for UWB microwave-based breast tumor detection.
Interface damage monitoring of assembled GFRP-UHPC composite beams using piezoelectric smart aggregate
Authors: Qian Hui , Zhu Yunyun , Liang Penghui , Zhang Pu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Glass fiber reinforced plastic reinforcement (GFRP) and ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) were combined into a new composite beam, which was applied in ocean engineering to improve the durability of structures. To enhance the stiffness and durability of composite beam and lower the cost of structure, prefabricated construction technology was adopted to reserve holes for pouring UHPC. Through the quasi-static test of prefabricated GFRP-UHPC composite beams, the interface between concrete and GFRP was monitored using piezoelectric smart aggregate. The damage index was obtained in accordance with wavelet packet energy analysis theory to examine the interface damage of prefabricated composite beams. Experimental results show that active monitoring of assembled GFRP-UHPC composite beams with piezoelectric smart aggregate can effectively reflect the degree of interface peeling damage of composite beams. The monitoring results reveal that interface damage of specimens with reserved continuous holes is less than that of specimens with reserved discontinuous holes. Moreover, peeling damage will occur not only between GFRP and UHPC, but also at the interface between concrete and UHPC.
Fuel retention and carbon deposition on beryllium marker tiles from JET tokamak main chamber limiters investigated by ion beam analysis
Authors: Tsavalas P. , Lagoyannis A. , Mergia K. , Axiotis M. , Harissopulos S. , Provatas G. , Fazinić S. , Tadić T. , Widdowson A. , Rubel M. , Contributors JET 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The JET tokamak with the ITER-like wall is operated with arrays of castellated beryllium (Be) limiters in the main chamber. In several locations Be marker tiles were installed for erosion-deposition studies. The castellation sides and the plasma-facing surfaces (PFSs) of Be marker tiles from three different locations of the JET main chamber, from the experimental campaigns 2011–12 (ILW-1) and 2013–14 (ILW-2), were analysed, employing 2H and 3He micro-beams in order to determine carbon (C) impurity deposition and deuterium (D) retention. The deposited C and D amounts on the castellation sides (up to 1.5 mm deep into the groove) were assessed with respect to the ion/electron drift direction. Both the C and D amounts on the investigated castellation sides either stay constant or reduce with depth from the edge of the PFS. No systematic difference is observed in the C deposition or D retention on the different castellation sides of each sample with respect to the ion/electron drift direction. C and D content is found to be lower on the PFS than on surfaces in the gaps of castellation for the majority of the samples. The C amount is, in general, higher than the D one. No systematic correlation between the C and the D amounts has been observed.