bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Female Imperial Agent and the Intricacies of Power
Authors: Krik Hagit 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
British women have hitherto been almost absent from the history of British colonialism in the Middle East, and particularly in Mandate Palestine (1918–48). By using an individual tale of a British nurse as a vantage point, the article explores the personal and professional experiences of British nurses in Mandate Palestine and scrutinizes their contested status. As women, as British, as medical practitioners, and specifically as nurses, British nurses present a singular type of local-level imperial agent who confronted multiple challenges to their identities. Empowered as imperial agents of health, biomedicine, and hygiene, they had exercised professional, cultural, and racial authority over indigenous people. At the same time, their gender, vocation, and marital status have limited their scope of influence within a male-dominated medical hierarchy, as well as locate them at the lower strata of British colonial society. Nurses’ tales thus offer a unique perspective for investigating colonial power relations and the intersections of medicine, gender, race, and class.
Nursing (Inter)nationalism in Iran, 1916–1947
Authors: Wytenbroek Lydia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the first half of the twentieth century, American missionary nurses, working under the auspices of the Presbyterian Mission to Iran, established areas of educational innovation within mission medicine and Iranian health care. Drawing on Presbyterian mission records, this article considers missionary nurses’ efforts to cultivate international nursing standards in Iran between 1916, when they opened their first nursing school, and 1947, when they launched an institute of higher education for nurses. From the outset their mission was to develop the nursing profession and “produce fine nurses for Iran.” In effect, they proselytized for the nursing profession. For twenty years they operated the only nursing schools in the country. This article argues that missionary nurses’ commitment to nursing professionalism facilitated Iranian nursing nationalism. It also reveals that some Iranian women took advantage of mission nursing schools to advance their education and cultivate prominent nursing careers.
The schizophrenia risk gene Map2k7 regulates responding in a novel contingency-shifting rodent touchscreen gambling task
Authors: Openshaw Rebecca L. , Pratt Judith A. , Morris Brian J. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
In schizophrenia, subjects show reduced ability to evaluate and update risk/reward contingencies, showing correspondingly suboptimal performance in the Iowa gambling task. JNK signalling gene variants are associated with schizophrenia risk, and JNK modulates aspects of cognition. We therefore studied the performance of mice hemizygous for genetic deletion of the JNK activator MKK7 (Map2k7+/− mice) in a touchscreen version of the Iowa gambling task, additionally incorporating a novel contingency-switching stage. Map2k7+/− mice performed slightly better than wild-type (WT) littermates in acquisition and performance of the task. Although Map2k7+/− mice adapted well to subtle changes in risk/reward contingencies, they were profoundly impaired when the positions of ‘best’ and ‘worst’ choice selections were switched, and still avoided the previous ‘worst’ choice location weeks after the switch. This demonstrates a precise role for MKK7–JNK signalling in flexibility of risk/reward assessment and suggests that genetic variants affecting this molecular pathway may underlie impairment in this cognitive domain in schizophrenia. Importantly, this new contingency shift adaptation of the rodent touchscreen gambling task has translational utility for characterising these cognitive subprocesses in models of neuropsychiatric disorders.
A protocol for a systematic review of behaviour change techniques used in the context of stillbirth prevention
Authors: Escañuela Sánchez Tamara , Byrne Molly , Meaney Sarah , O'Donoghue Keelin , Matvienko-Sikar Karen 
Published: March 2022

Background: Stillbirth is a devastating pregnancy outcome that affects approximately 3.5 per 1000 births in high-income countries. Previous research has highlighted the importance of focusing prevention efforts on targeting risk factors and vulnerable groups. A wide range of risk factors has been associated with stillbirth before, including maternal behaviours such as back sleep position, smoking, alcohol intake, illicit drug use, and inadequate attendance at antenatal care. Given the modifiable nature of these risk factors, there has been an increase in the design of behaviour change interventions targeting such behaviours to reduce the risk of stillbirth. Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify all behavioural interventions with a behavioural component designed and trialled for the prevention of stillbirth in high-income countries, and to identify the behaviour change techniques (BCTs) used in such interventions using the Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy V1 (BCTTv1). Inclusion criteria: Interventions will be included in this review if they (1) have the objective of reducing stillbirth rates with a focus on behavioural risk factors; (2) are implemented in high-income countries; (3) target pregnant women or women of childbearing age; and (4) are published in research articles. Methods: A systematic search of the literature will be conducted. The results of the search will be screened against our inclusion criteria by two authors. The following data items will be extracted from the selected papers: general information, study characteristics, participant and intervention/approach details. The Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care (EPOC) risk of bias criteria will be used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. Intervention content will be coded for BCTs as present (+) or absent (-) by two authors using the BCTTv1, discrepancies will be discussed with a third author. A narrative synthesis approach will be used to present the results of this systematic review.
Associations of Vitamin D, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute exacerbations of COPD with anxiety and depression: a nested case control study
Authors: Lokesh Komarla Sundararaja , Rao Ananya Ananth , Chaya Sindaghatta Krishnarao , Jayaraj Biligere Siddaiah , Praveena Attahalli Shivanarayanprasad , Krishna Murali , Madhivanan Purnima , Padukudru Anand Mahesh 
Published: March 2022

Background: Lower vitamin D levels have not only been associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), exacerbations and lower lung functions, but also with anxiety and depression. We examined the associations of severity of anxiety and depression using HAM-A (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) and HAM-D (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) scores with COPD and vitamin D levels. Methods: Observational nested case control study was conducted in MUDHRA cohort. One hundred COPD subjects and 100 age- gender- matched non-COPD subjects (controls) underwent evaluation of socioeconomic status, respiratory symptoms, spirometry, severity of anxiety and depression, six minute walk test and estimation of serum vitamin D levels. Independent association of low vitamin D levels with severity of anxiety and depression was assessed by logistic regression. Results: COPD group had higher mean±SD anxiety and depression scores (HAM-A 8.0±3.5, HAM-D 8.72±4) compared to control group (HAM-A 4.51±2.2, HAM-D 4.3±2). The COPD group had 53 subjects with mild/moderate anxiety/depression whereas control group had 16 subjects with mild/moderate anxiety/depression. In COPD group, subjects with mild/moderate anxiety/depression had lower vitamin D levels compared to subjects with no/minimal anxiety/depression, while the difference in control group was not significant. In logistic regression, anxiety and depression levels had independent association with vitamin D levels, lung function variables, six-minute walk distance and presence of COPD. In COPD subgroup, anxiety and depression levels had independent association with breathlessness, GOLD FEV1 staging, CAT score, SGRQ-C Symptom score and exacerbation of COPD. Conclusions: Greater proportion of COPD subjects suffer from anxiety and depression as compared to subjects without COPD. Severity of anxiety and depression was greater in COPD subjects. Poorer lung functions, higher respiratory symptoms and lower vitamin D levels are associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression in COPD subjects. There is an urgent need to recognise anxiety and depression in COPD patients.
Monolithic mode separator for the first-order spatial mode of light field
Authors: Gong Hailiang , Fan Qing , He Hai , Li Gang , Zhang Pengfei , Zhang Tiancai 
Published: March 2022

We propose a monolithic mode separator (MS) for the first-order spatial mode of a light field. The principle of the MS is an asymmetric Mach–Zehnder interferometer, which consists of two non-polarizing beam splitters, a right-angle prism, and a pentagonal prism. These optics are glued together as a monolithic one. The phase difference between the two light paths inside the interferometer is temperature controlled. The separation efficiency for two first-order orthogonal Hermite Gaussian (HG) modes, i.e.,

H
G

01

and

H
G

10

, is 97.5%, and the overall transmission is 77%. The device is intrinsically stable and convenient to be adopted in various experiments.
Artificial intelligence as a challenge for the law: the example of “Doctor Algorithm”
Authors: Buchner Benedikt 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSociety increasingly relies on algorithms to improve decisions with the aid of artificial intelligence. This is particularly true in the field of medicine where, based on algorithms, ever increasing volumes of data are to be analysed and provide the basis for tailored medical treatment. This leads to the question of how the law should react to the adoption of such algorithm-based decisions. Will new regulatory approaches be required if algorithms are employed for treatment decisions, or can one resort to the basic principles applied to determine the standard of medical treatment? Who will be liable if the use of algorithms leads to malpractice, in particular if it is the programming of the algorithms that has caused the fault?
Perinatal mortality audit in a rural referral hospital in Tanzania to inform future interventions: A descriptive study
Authors: Mdoe Paschal , Katengu Sifaeli , Guga Godfrey , Daudi Vickfarajaeli , Kiligo Ibrahim Ernest , Gidabayda Joshua , Massay Catherine , Mkini Felix , Mduma Estomih 
Published: March 2022

Background
Clear evidence exists that perinatal audit and feedback can lead to important improvements in practice. The death audit can lead to the identification of existing potential delays which are the decision to seek medical care, reaching an appropriate facility, and receiving timely adequate care at the facility. Such an audit potentially initiates a positive discussion, which may foster the implementation of changes that aims at saving more lives.

Objective
To review the perinatal deaths case notes and identify potential gaps in care provision and health-seeking behavior to foster best practice.

Methods
The stillbirths and neonatal death case notes that occurred between January 2019 and May 2020 at the hospital were reviewed using an adapted WHO checklist. The completed review case notes were entered into an electronic system and a quality control check-up was done. Data were analysed descriptively, and findings were presented in tables.

Results
There were 4,898 births, and 1,175 neonatal admissions, out of these there were 135 recorded stillbirths (2.8%) and 201(4.1% of the total hospital births) early neonatal deaths. Out of the 1,175 neonates, 635 (54%) were born within the hospital and 540 (46%) were admitted from other facilities and home deliveries. In total 86 stillbirths and 140 early neonatal deaths case notes were retrieved and audited. Out of 86 stillbirths’ case notes audited, 30 (34.9%) seemed to have died during labor, and of these 5 had audible fetal heart rate during admission. Apgar scores less than 7 at 5 minutes, prematurity, and meconium aspiration were the top three recorded causes of neonatal deaths. Inadequate/late antenatal care visits and home delivery were the maternal factors likely to have contributed to perinatal deaths. Inadequate labor monitoring (12%) and documentation (62%) were among the providers’ factors likely to have contributed to perinatal deaths.

Conclusion
This audit shows that there are high rates of preventable intrapartum stillbirths and early neonatal deaths. Both women and providers’ factors were found to have contributed to the stillbirths and neonatal deaths. There is a need to encourage women to adequately attend antenatal care, utilize health facilities during birth, and improve maternity and neonatal care at the health facilities.
Rapid Transition to Blended Learning
Authors: McKerlie Robert Allen , Malcolm Jennifer , Varsou Ourania , Kennedy Christopher Edward , Colgan Laura , Harper Victoria , McAllan Wendy , Forgie Andrew , Rea Paul , Bell Aileen 
Published: March 2022

The University of Glasgow Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) degree programme is a practical clinical professionally regulated discipline. Given the mode of transmission of SARS Cov-2 the dental profession and associated programmes of study have been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, necessitating a rapid pivot to online and blended learning. This case study shows how the work of early adopters of technology enhanced learning and teaching (TELT) at the dental school, and a timely staff-student partnership helped to lay the foundations for this pivot in response to the challenges brought about by the pandemic.
A large amount of teaching required modification and adaptation to support remote delivery and, through collaboration, innovation and supported creativity, we were able to produce some very effective models for learning and teaching. To illustrate this, two specific examples have been presented: a novel approach to support the delivery of essential local anaesthesia training for second year dental students using collaborative wikis and online learning; and the use Microsoft Teams to support student integration and a sense of community among our first year dental students through active, small group collaborative learning.
The challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic have provided the opportunity to align the teaching of practical skills with technology and instil a positive shift in institutional practices. The effectiveness of this shift within the BDS degree programme and the impact on the development of our students will remain the focus of the school’s TELT partnership.
Lessons learned from being BOLD: Staff experiences of an institutional strategic project in Blended and Online Learning Development
Authors: Dale Vicki Harcus Morgan , Kubincova Eva , Kerr John , Murray Jo-Anne 
Published: March 2022

In recent years, tertiary institutions have engaged more with digital education, especially blended and online learning. One institution sought to transform its existing provision, and enhance learning and teaching, through a substantial strategic funding initiative comprising almost 20 individual projects.
To capture the learning from this substantial investment, 20 semi-structured interviews were carried out with staff involved in setting up or working on these projects, typically early adopters. Interviews sought to revisit motivations to engage with the project, and capture perceived benefits including lessons learned, challenges, enablers, support needs and recommendations going forwards.
Participants were motivated to enhance their own teaching practice and improve student learning experience/outcomes. Recognised benefits included enhanced learner experience, transformed teaching practice, flexibility and access, teaching efficiencies, and developmental opportunities for staff. Significant challenges related to the time required to design, develop and implement courses, as well as technological and student-related issues. Despite these challenges, participation in the project led to the development of new skills and transformed teachers’ learning and teaching practice. This was made possible through a number of enablers including prior experience of blended learning, and supportive others from across various services, schools and colleges.
The study highlights the importance of strategic projects in expanding the digital capabilities of an institution to meet the expected—and unexpected—demands of the future. The findings are discussed in the context of the current literature on blended and remote learning, and existing institutional frameworks that support transitions to blended learning.
Digitales Shopfloor Management
Authors: Meister Frederic , Hohmann Andrea , Daub Rüdiger 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Datenanalysen des Produktionsablaufs nehmen für die Verbesserung der Produktion einen immer höheren Stellenwert ein. Process Mining birgt hierbei Potenzial, größere Datenmengen automatisiert auszuwerten und Prozesslandkarten zu erstellen. Im Shopfloor Management fehlt es an einem strukturierten Ansatz, um Process Mining zu etablieren. Auf Basis von Case-based Reasoning zeigt der Beitrag, wie Process Mining Problemlösungsprozesse unterstützen und die Maßnahmenintegration und -verfolgung verbessern kann.
Dekarbonisierung der Produktion
Authors: Roth Stefan , Sultani Darius , Artmann Isabel , Klement Timo , Angerer Kerstin , Bank Lukas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Die Dekarbonisierung der Produktion gewinnt durch die klimapolitischen Ziele zunehmend an Bedeutung. Dies spiegelt sich auch in möglichen Kosteneinsparpotenzialen für die Unternehmen wider, beispielsweise im Rahmen des Emissionshandels der Europäischen Union, aber auch durch die Erwartungen von Endkunden und Unternehmen entlang der Lieferkette an möglichst geringe Treibhausgasemissionen der Produkte. Lösungen zur Dekarbonisierung müssen sowohl für die elektrische als auch thermische Energieversorgung entwickelt werden und kosteneffizient sein. Der Beitrag beschreibt hierzu die Ansätze einer nachhaltigen Produktionsplanung mit der Berücksichtigung von Treibhausgasemissionen sowie die Entwicklung und Untersuchung nachhaltiger Brennstoffversorgungsszenarien durch die Erzeugung und Nutzung von Wasserstoff und seiner Folgeprodukte.
Data Farming und Wissensentdeckung in Simulationsdaten
Authors: Genath Jonas , Bergmann Sören , Straßburger Steffen , Spieckermann Sven , Stauber Stephan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Simulation als Methode der Digitalen Fabrik hat sich seit langem zur Unterstützung der Planung von Produktions- und Logistiksystemen etabliert. In Ergänzung zu bisher vorherrschenden Simulationsstudien wird bei der hier vorgestellten Methode der Wissensentdeckung in Simulationsdaten ein Simulationsmodell als Datengenerator verwendet. Dadurch können mittels Data-Mining- und Visual-Analytics-Methoden versteckte und potenziell nützliche Ursache-Wirkungs-Beziehungen in den generierten Daten aufgedeckt werden. Bislang fehlte es jedoch an integrierten Softwarelösungen für die Praxis.
THE TAREKAT SAMMANIYAH IN THE SULTANATE OF BUTON, A STUDY OF THE SULTANATE MANUSCRIPT
Authors: Sabirin Falah 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article discusses the genealogy of sanad and the Tarekat Sammaniyah teaching style in the Sultanate of Buton. This study found that in the Buton sultanate, there was a side of the Tarekat Sammaniyah which had several features and shortcomings. First, Muhammad ‘Aydru, a sultan who studied the the Tarekat Sammaniyah from a Mekkah scholar. Second, the spread of the Tarekat Sammaniyah only developed among the nobles in the Buton Sultanate. The teaching style of the Tarekat Sammaniyah is not much different from the primary source text, specifically, al-Nafahat al-Ilahiyah by Muhammad bin 'Abd al-Karim al-Samman. This shows a strong indication of the interaction between 'Aydrus and local Sammaniyah role models through the lineage of 'Abd al-Samad. However, there are several traditions of remembrance that are slightly different from the Sammaniyah taught by 'Abd al-Samad. This can be seen when 'Aydrus puts recitation of tahlil at an advanced level, while 'Abd al-Samad makes remembrance at the beginner level. However, there was no difference at all in the procedures for remembrance of the adab.AbstrakArtikel ini membahas tentang sisilah sanad dan corak ajaran Tarekat Sammaniyah di Kesultanan Buton. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa di kesultanan Buton terdapat sisilah Tarekat Sammaniyah memiliki beberapa keistimewaan juga menjadi kekurangan. Pertama, Muhammad ‘Aydrus yang seorang sultan mempelajari Tarekat Sammaniyah kepada seorang ulama Makkah. Kedua, penyebaran tarekat Sammaniyah hanya berkembang di kalangan bangsawan yang berada di Kesultanan Buton. Adapun corak ajaran Tarekat Sammaniyah tidak jauh berbeda dengan teks sumber utamanya, yaitu al-Nafahat al-Ilahiyah karya Muhammad bin ‘Abd al-Karim al-Samman. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya indikasi kuat interaksi antara ‘Aydrus dengan tokoh-tokoh Sammaniyah lokal melalui jalur silsilah ‘Abd al-Samad. Namun ada beberapa tradisi zikir yang sedikit berbeda dengan Sammaniyah yang diajarkan ‘Abd al-Samad. Ini terlihat saat ‘Aydrus menempatkan zikir tahlil pada tingkatan lanjutan, sedangkan ‘Abd al-Samad menjadikan zikir pada tingkatan pemula. Namun pada akhirnya tidak ada perbedaan sama sekali pada tatacara berzikir padab-adab.
Mafhūmu kalimātu “Qawlan Ma’rūfan dan Qawlan Sadīdan” fi Sūrati An-Nisā’ (Dirosah Ad-dalālah Al-qur’āniyah)
Authors: Rifaannudin Mahmud , Sabilahaq Arina 
Published: March 2022

The miracle of al-qurān in terms of language, al-qurān is the source of knowledge in this modern era. And al-qurān written in Arabic which contains meaning and science, including nahwu, ṣorof, dalālah and Balāghoh. Insaid I'lmu dalālah discusses about Ṣifah wal Mauṣūf, because the sentence is imperfect meaning if there are no words that characterize it. One sentence will be discussed in word of "Qawlan" which is characterized by word of Ma’rūfan and Sadīdan. Seeing the meaning of two sentences that are the same good words, but each has a different purpose and that is by looking at the terms of meaning according to language and time of use is also intended for the intended. Finaly, the first of resulted: that the phrase "Qawlan Ma'rūfan" has a meaning of a good expression, also this expression show up to orphans when giving wealth to those who have reached the age and also, can be used when talking to close friends, and to him poor people when giving some treasure. And the second is: the meaning of "Qawlan Sadīdan" has a meaning of a kind expression which is gentle and just shown to ṣufaha. and ṣufaha has two meanings, the first: Little boys and the second: girls. pronounced when giving a will or inheritance to the Sufaha.
KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI MENURUT AL-QURAN SURAT AL-BAQARAH/2 AYAT 222-223
Authors: Murni Dewi 
Published: March 2022

Tulisan ini membahas kesehatan reproduksi di dalam surah al-Baqarah/2 ayat 222. Ayat ini memberikan penjelasan tentang pentingnya menjaga kesehatan reproduksi melalui hubungan seksual antara suami istri. Ini berangkat dari persoalan maraknya penyakit yang menyerang wilayah reproduksi. Hal ini lebih disebabkan oleh sikap masyarakat yang antipati dan negatif terhadap hak-hak reproduksi. Oleh sebab itu, penting melihat persoalan ini secara normatif dalam sumber ajaran Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, yakni menyajikan data-data yang berasal dari perpustakaan untuk dideskripsikan secara analitis. Untuk mendukung data primer dari Qs. al-Baqarah/2: 222, studi ini menggunakan sumber sekunder seperti kitab tafsir, dan karya-karya yang terkait dengan kesehatan reproduksi dijadikan sebagai sumber sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Allah SWT melarang seorang suami melakukan hubungan seksual bersama istrinya dalam keadaan haid. Karena hubungan seksual yang dilakukan pada saat haid akan mendatangkan berbagai macam penyakit. Bila itu terjadi maka secara efektif akan mempengaruhi kehidupan sang perempuan.