bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Damage imaging method for composites laminates based on sparse reconstruction of single-mode Lamb wave
Authors: Wu Hui , Ma Shiwei , Du Bingxu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To address the problems of anisotropy and mode mixing in damage imaging on anisotropic composites laminates using ultrasonic Lamb wave, a sparse reconstruction imaging method based on S0 single-mode is proposed in this paper. In this approach, the sparsely arranged piezoelectric ceramic drivers sensor group on the surface of the measured composite laminate is employed to excite and receive Lamb wave. The received signal shows sparse under a pre-built damage dictionary with damage scattering signal waveform, and the damages can be localized and imaged using a sparse reconstruction method. Considering the velocity difference between S0 and A0 mode of the received Lamb wave signal, the S0 mode is extracted by intercepting the signal before the peak of the first wave packet to eliminate the influence of Lamb wave mode mixing. In order to minimize the influence of anisotropy of composites laminates on Lamb wave propagation, the Lamb wave propagation direction is divided evenly into several sectors, and Lamb wave propagation direction within a certain sector is considered as propagation in a quasi-isotropic material. The sparse reconstruction is solved by using the basis pursuit de-noising algorithm, which can find the optimal solution with a small number of iterations in noise interference. The experiments on composite fiber laminate specimens show that the proposed method can accurately locate simulated single delamination damage and has less artifact interference compared to the delay-and-sum method.
The atomic layer deposition (ALD) synthesis of copper-tin sulfide thin films using low-cost precursors
Authors: Witkowski Marcin , Starowicz Zbigniew , Zięba Adam , Adamczyk-Cieślak Bogusława , Socha Robert Piotr , Szawcow Oliwia , Kołodziej Grzegorz , Haras Maciej , Ostapko Jakub 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work we demonstrated the process of co-deposition of copper-tin sulfide species by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique using all-low-cost precursors. For the deposition of tin species, the tin(IV) chloride SnCl4 was used successfully for the first time in the ALD process. Moreover, we showed that the successful deposition of the tin sulfide component was conditioned by the pre-deposition of CuS
x
layer. The co-deposition of copper and tin sulfides components at 150 °C resulted in the in-process formation of the film containing Cu2SnS3, Cu3SnS4 and π-SnS phases. The process involving only tin precursor and H2S did not produce the SnS
x
species. The spectroscopic characteristic of the obtained materials were confronted with the literature survey, allowing us to discuss the methodology of the determination of ternary and quaternary sulfides purity by Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, the material characterisation with respect to the morphology (SEM), phase composition (XRD), surface chemical states (XPS), optical properties (UV–vis-NIR spectroscopy) and electric (Hall measurements) properties were provided. Finally, the obtained material was used for the formation of the p–n junction revealing the rectifying I–V characteristics.
Stepwise development of atmospheric pressure plasma jet driven by bursts of high-voltage nanosecond pulses at multi-tens MHz
Authors: Shen Saikang , Yan Jiaqi , Wang Yanan , Wang Yongsheng , Ding Weidong , Sun Guoxiang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study employs the bursts of high-voltage nanosecond pulses at multi-tens MHz to drive the helium atmospheric pressure plasma jet. Such bursts are obtained by modulating a high-voltage nanosecond pulse based on the wave reflections in a coaxial cable. The development processes and mechanisms of the plasma jet are analyzed in detail based on the discharge waveforms, discharge images, gas temperature, electron density, and axial electric field. Because the time interval between adjacent pulses is much shorter than the characteristic plasma decay time, the discharge channel driven by the first pulse still has high residual electron density and conductivity when the second pulse arrives. The first discharge channel serves as an extension of the high-voltage electrode. In this case, the second discharge starts at the end of the first discharge channel and continues to propagate forward. Driven by the bursts of high-voltage nanosecond pulses, the stepwise propagation of a guided streamer along the plasma jet is observed. The characteristic of the stepwise development of the guided streamer is stable and repeatable under the same condition and does not change at different helium flow rates if the flow is laminar. Reducing the cable length results in a higher equivalent pulse frequency in the bursts and significantly increases the plasma jet length. However, an excessively high frequency will cause a rise in gas temperature and pressure fluctuation in helium flow, resulting in a reduction in the length of the laminar region and an unstable discharge.
Non-equilibrium plasma kinetics of CO2 in glow discharges: a comparison with existing modeling and experimental results
Authors: Pietanza L D , Colonna G , Capitelli M 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We report results obtained by our 0D, time-dependent self-consistent model for the description of the CO2 plasma kinetics in glow discharge conditions, comparing our results with the simulation and experimental results reported by Grofulovic et al (2018 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
27 115009; 2019 PhD Thesis) and Klarenaar et al (2017 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
26 115008). Our model is based on the simultaneous solution of the kinetic equations describing the vibrational, the electronic excited states and the plasma chemistry and of the electron Boltzmann equation for the calculation of the electron energy distribution function (eedf). The results for the vibrational level densities of CO2 show a satisfactory agreement with the Grofulovic’s model results, despite the differences in the vibrational energy level scheme and in the kinetic processes included with the correspondent rate coefficients, with a good match also with the corresponding experimental results. Moreover, conditions characterized by higher power density (5–50 W cm−3) have been investigated to understand the behavior of the CO2 plasma discharge when a higher vibrational excitation is present. Large deviations of the vibrational distributions of CO2 and CO from equilibrium ones are predicted both in discharge and post discharge conditions. In particular, the CO2 vibrational distribution presents a behavior similar to a Treanor distribution for v < 15 while a deactivation of the plateau in the vibrational distribution function after v > 15 appears as a consequence of the dissociation induced by vibrational excitation mechanism, i.e. pure vibrational mechanism, becoming important at higher power densities. Finally, the results dependence on the selection of the CO2 electron molecule dissociation cross section, i.e. Phelps (1973 J. Appl. Phys.
44 4464 or Cosby (1993 Report No. AD-A266 464 WL-TR-93-2004 (Dayton, OH: Wright-Patterson Airforce Base)), has been investigated, showing that its more opportune choice is still a problem to be discussed for the description of conditions in which the electron impact dissociation dominates the kinetics, while once vibrational excitation is activated, CO2 dissociation is essentially driven by vibrational-induced dissociation, depending to a minor extent from that choice.
Computational methods and diffusion theory in triangulation sensing to model neuronal navigation
Authors: Dobramysl Ulrich , Holcman David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Computational methods are now recognized as powerful and complementary approaches in various applied sciences such as biology. These computing methods are used to explore the gap between scales such as the one between molecular and cellular. Here we present recent progress in the development of computational approaches involving diffusion modeling, asymptotic analysis of the model partial differential equations, hybrid methods and simulations in the generic context of cell sensing and guidance via external gradients. Specifically, we highlight the reconstruction of the location of a point source in two and three dimensions from the steady-state diffusion fluxes arriving to narrow windows located on the cell. We discuss cases in which these windows are located on the boundary of a two-dimensional plane or three-dimensional half-space, on a disk in free space or inside a two-dimensional corridor, or a ball in three dimensions. The basis of this computational approach is explicit solutions of the Neumann–Green’s function for the mentioned geometry. This analysis can be used to design hybrid simulations where Brownian paths are generated only in small regions in which the local spatial organization is relevant. Particle trajectories outside of this region are only implicitly treated by generating exit points at the boundary of this domain of interest. This greatly accelerates the simulation time by avoiding the explicit computation of Brownian paths in an infinite domain and serves to generate statistics, without following all trajectories at the same time, a process that can become numerically expensive quickly. Moreover, these computational approaches are used to reconstruct a point source and estimating the uncertainty in the source reconstruction due to an additive noise perturbation present in the fluxes. We also discuss the influence of various window configurations (cluster vs uniform distributions) on recovering the source position. Finally, the applications in developmental biology are formulated into computational principles that could underly neuronal navigation in the brain.
Dynamical phase transitions in the collisionless pre-thermal states of isolated quantum systems: theory and experiments
Authors: Marino Jamir , Eckstein Martin , Foster Matthew S , Rey Ana Maria 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe overview the concept of dynamical phase transitions (DPTs) in isolated quantum systems quenched out of equilibrium. We focus on non-equilibrium transitions characterized by an order parameter, which features qualitatively distinct temporal behavior on the two sides of a certain dynamical critical point. DPTs are currently mostly understood as long-lived prethermal phenomena in a regime where inelastic collisions are incapable to thermalize the system. The latter enables the dynamics to substain phases that explicitly break detailed balance and therefore cannot be encompassed by traditional thermodynamics. Our presentation covers both cold atoms as well as condensed matter systems. We revisit a broad plethora of platforms exhibiting pre-thermal DPTs, which become theoretically tractable in a certain limit, such as for a large number of particles, large number of order parameter components, or large spatial dimension. The systems we explore include, among others, quantum magnets with collective interactions,ϕ4quantum field theories, and Fermi–Hubbard models. A section dedicated to experimental explorations of DPTs in condensed matter and AMO systems connects this large variety of theoretical models.
Phase-covariant mixtures of non-unital qubit maps
Authors: Siudzińska Katarzyna 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We analyze convex combinations of non-unital qubit maps that are phase-covariant. In particular, we consider the behavior of maps that combine amplitude damping, inverse amplitude damping, and pure dephasing. We show that mixing non-unital channels can result in restoring the unitality, whereas mixing commutative maps can lead to non-commutativity. For the convex combinations of Markovian semigroups, we prove that classical uncertainties cannot break quantum Markovianity. Moreover, contrary to the Pauli channel case, the semigroup can be recovered only by mixing two other semigroups.
Psychosocial Determinants of Hand Hygiene, Facemask Wearing, and Physical Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Liang Wei , Duan Yanping , Li Feifei , Rhodes Ryan E , Wang Xiang , Peiris Dehiwala Liyanage Ishanka Harshani Kusum , Zhou Lin , Shang Borui , Yang Yide , Baker Julien S , Jiao Jiao , Han Wei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Hand hygiene, facemask wearing, and physical distancing play a crucial role in the prevention of the COVID-19 pandemic. Identifying the key psychosocial determinants of these precautionary behaviors contributes to effective intervention and policymaking for COVID-19 and future pandemics.

Purpose
This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze available evidence on psychosocial determinants of the general population’s practice of three precautionary behaviors, based on the Risk, Attitudes, Norms, Abilities, and Self-regulation (RANAS) framework.

Methods
Literature was identified by searching seven databases and relevant review papers. Observational and experimental studies targeting the general population (≥18 years) published between January 2020 to September 2021 were included. Pooled effect sizes were calculated with the inverse-variance method using random-effects models.

Results
A total of 51 studies (64 samples) were included in the qualitative synthesis, of which 30 studies (42 samples) were included in the meta-analysis. RANAS-based constructs including knowledge, pros attitudes, and perceived norms were identified as significant determinants of all three behaviors in the meta-analysis. Perceived susceptibility and cons attitudes showed no significant associations with any behaviors. Perceived severity, perceived control, self-efficacy, and behavioral intention were significantly associated with one or two behaviors. Country (western vs. eastern hemispheres) significantly moderated the effects of certain risk and ability factors.

Conclusions
More research is needed with respect to the intention–behavior relationship, self-regulatory and reflexive factors of precautionary behaviors, as well as the exploration of the potential moderating effect of sociodemographic factors.
Diallyl Trisulfide attenuates alcohol-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis via elevation of hydrogen sulfide
Authors: Zhu Xiaojing , Lu Rongxin , Zhang Genrong , Fan Ling , Zhan Yongjiu , Chen Guoxin , Zhou Liang 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTGarlic is a popular culinary herb for the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Diallyl Trisulfide (DATS) is the major organosulfur compound of garlic. Latest studies indicated that the hepatocyte pyroptosis serves a primary role in the pathogenesis of ALD. The present study aims to assess the inhibitory effect of DATS on alcohol-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis, and to elucidate the potential mechanism by using the hepatocyte cell line HL-7702. Our study found that DATS inhibited alcohol-induced pyroptosis by decreasing gasdermin D (GSDMD) activation. Results illuminated that DATS inhibited alcohol-induced (NOD)-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation by reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Furthermore, DATS upregulated hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to resist ROS overproduction. The present study demonstrated that DATS mitigated alcohol-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis by increasing the intracellular level of H2S.
Next-Generation Sequencing Supports Targeted Antibiotic Treatment for Culture Negative Orthopedic Infections
Authors: Kullar Ravina , Chisari Emanuele , Snyder James , Cooper Christopher , Parvizi Javad , Sniffen Jason 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The isolation of an infective pathogen can be challenging in some patients with active, clinically apparent infectious diseases. Despite efforts in the microbiology lab to improve the sensitivity of culture in orthopedic implant-associated infections, the clinically relevant information often falls short of expectations. The management of peri-prosthetic joint infections (PJI) provides an excellent example of the use and benefits of newer diagnostic technologies to supplement the often-inadequate yield of traditional culture methods as a substantial percentage of orthopedic infections are culture-negative. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has the potential to improve upon this yield. Bringing molecular diagnostics into practice can provide critical information about the nature of the infective organisms and allow targeted therapy in these otherwise challenging situations. This review article describes the current state of knowledge related to the use and potential of NGS to diagnose infections, particularly in the setting of PJIs.
The economic resilience of a city: the effect of relatedness on the survival of amenity shops during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jun Bogang , Jara-Figueroa C , Yu Donghyeon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAmenity clusters consisting of coffee shops, restaurants and other small businesses improve urban life and are a source of employment for city dwellers. Although most small business clusters were hit hard by restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic, some were able to adapt. What determines the economic resilience of amenity clusters? Using store-location data for Seoul from 2016 to 2021, we identify spatial clusters of amenities, and from that build an amenity space to examine the effect of relatedness on the resilience of each cluster. We find that businesses are more likely to survive when located in clusters of related amenities.
Peritoneal dialysis for acute kidney injury: back on the front-line
Authors: Cullis Brett 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTPeritoneal dialysis (PD) for acute kidney injury (AKI) has been available for nearly 80 years and has been through periods of use and disuse largely determined by availability of other modalities of kidney replacement therapy and the relative enthusiasm of clinicians. In the past 10 years there has been a resurgence in the use of acute PD globally, facilitated by promotion of PD for AKI in lower resource countries by nephrology organizations effected through the Saving Young Lives program and collaborations with the World Health Organisation, the development of guidelines standardizing prescribing practices and finally the COVID-19 pandemic.This review highlights the history of PD for AKI and looks at misconceptions about efficacy as well as the available evidence demonstrating that acute PD is a safe and lifesaving therapy with comparable outcomes to other modalities of treatment.
The Interplay Among Savings Accounts and Network-Based Financial Arrangements: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Authors: Comola Margherita , Prina Silvia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper studies how formal financial access affects network-based financial arrangements. We use a field experiment that granted access to a savings account to a random subset of households in 19 Nepalese villages. Exploiting a unique panel dataset that follows all bilateral informal financial transactions before and after the intervention, we show that households that were offered access to an account increased their loans and total transfers to others, independent of the treatment status of the receiver. The increase seemed to be driven by treatment households with more assets and greater financial inclusion at baseline.
Materfamilias: the association of mother’s work on children’s absolute income mobility, Southern Sweden (1947–2015)
Authors: Brea-Martinez Gabriel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article examines the association of mothers’ income with children’s economic mobility in a period of increased women’s labor market participation in Sweden. I found that whether a mother was economically independent and had an income similar to that of the father during her children’s late childhood and adolescence positively associated with upward mobility. The results show a substantial association of mother’s income position to their daughters’ mobility, but not for sons’. Among the primary mechanisms, I argue that extra resources from mothers helped human capital investment through education and that mothers influenced daughters by a gendered role model.
Effectiveness of a community intervention to reduce social isolation among older people in low-income neighbourhoods
Authors: Lapena C , Continente X , Sánchez Mascuñano A , Mari dell’Olmo M , López M J 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Social and demographic trends show a global increase of proportion of older people at risk of social isolation. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention conducted in low-income neighbourhoods to reduce social isolation and its negative effects on health in older persons.

Methods
A quasi-experimental study with a comparison group was performed. The ‘School of Health for Older People’ is a weekly community intervention that promotes resources among individuals and communities to enhance their ability to identify problems and activate solutions, encouraging community participation. Data were collected at the beginning and at the end of the intervention. Social support, psychological morbidity and health-related quality of life were measured through questionnaires information on visits to the primary care centre was obtained from the electronic medical records of primary care centres. Multivariate regression models were conducted to assess changes after the intervention.

Results
A total of 135 participants were included in the study. The intervention helped to improve participants’ mental health (aPR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.23–0.90) comparing with the comparison group. Also, the intervention helped to maintain quality of life and social support, which were worsened or maintained respectively in the case of comparison group.

Conclusions
Our results provide evidence on how a community intervention can improve quality of life, mental health and social support in older people. The evidence can help to fill the knowledge gap in this area and might be especially useful for the design of social and public health policies and programmes for older people in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in urban areas.

Trial registration
NCT03142048
Purifying selection enduringly acts on the sequence evolution of highly expressed proteins in Escherichia coli
Authors: Shibai Atsushi , Kotani Hazuki , Sakata Natsue , Furusawa Chikara , Tsuru Saburo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The evolutionary speed of a protein sequence is constrained by its expression level, with highly expressed proteins evolving relatively slowly. This negative correlation between expression levels and evolutionary rates (known as the E–R anticorrelation) has already been widely observed in past macroevolution between species from bacteria to animals. However, it remains unclear whether this seemingly general law also governs recent evolution, including past and de novo, within a species. However, the advent of genomic sequencing and high-throughput phenotyping, particularly for bacteria, has revealed fundamental gaps between the 2 evolutionary processes and has provided empirical data opposing the possible underlying mechanisms which are widely believed. These conflicts raise questions about the generalization of the E–R anticorrelation and the relevance of plausible mechanisms. To explore the ubiquitous impact of expression levels on molecular evolution and test the relevance of the possible underlying mechanisms, we analyzed the genome sequences of 99 strains of Escherichia coli for evolution within species in nature. We also analyzed genomic mutations accumulated under laboratory conditions as a model of de novo evolution within species. Here, we show that E–R anticorrelation is significant in both past and de novo evolution within species in E. coli. Our data also confirmed ongoing purifying selection on highly expressed genes. Ongoing selection included codon-level purifying selection, supporting the relevance of the underlying mechanisms. However, the impact of codon-level purifying selection on the constraints in evolution within species might be smaller than previously expected from evolution between species.