bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life Below Water: How Can Creative Practice Nurture Personal Agency and Global Citizenship in Primary Education?
Authors: Pulley Robert 
Published: June 2022

Abstract‘Life Below Water’ aims to establish how creative practice can provide an effective way to nurture self‐efficacy and self‐regulation in primary education. A constructionist approach was developed to help children explore UN Global Goal 14, through drawing, prototyping and storytelling as collaborative activities. Working in duets and quartets, a group of eight Key Stage 2 children were set the task of ‘inventing’ sea creatures with magical healing powers. The children evaluated their progress through pre and post‐workshop questionnaires, and through discussions with their peers, teachers and parents. Workshop outcomes illustrate how nurturing skills in making can help foster creative agency and metacognition. Co‐operating as a design team encouraged symmetrical reciprocity, self‐regulation and a ‘care‐full’ approach to environmental protection. The study provides guiding knowledge for prospective developments, based upon tentative findings. The time required to assess the impact of ‘Life Below Water’ is extended to enable future research efforts, by teachers and practitioners, to inform context‐specific interpretations through whole‐class workshops and international exchanges.
Lack of ambition or lack of support? Diverging career experiences of men and women explain the persistence of gender bias
Authors: Faniko Klea , Ellemers Naomi , Derks Belle 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study we explore possible causes for the differential career success of women in academia. We do this by testing the content of organizational narratives about plausible reasons why women are less likely than men to advance in their academic careers, against the self‐reported experiences and career choices of women and men in the organization. We compared content‐coded narratives (N = 84) with quantitative self‐report (N = 661) data. Both data sets were collected around the same time, taking care that different members of the organization contributed to each of these two data sources. First, we report the qualitative data (Study 1). These revealed the organizational narrative about gender differences in academic careers. On the one hand, people in the university acknowledged the sexist treatment of women, but on the other hand, they failed to note that this “chilly climate” might adversely impact the careers of women in the organization. We report the quantitative data in Study 2. This revealed no support for the validity of this narrative, which maintains the pervasive belief that women are less interested in, and prefer to “opt out” from, an academic career. Notably, we found no actual differences between female and male academics in their self‐reported motivations. However, women did report having made more difficult life choices and having received less support from the organization for their careers. Together, these findings reveal blind spots in organizational narratives and point to additional measures that can be taken to ensure equal career opportunities for all employees.
LECT2: A pleiotropic and promising hepatokine, from bench to bedside
Authors: Xie Yuan , Fan Kai‐Wei , Guan Shi‐Xing , Hu Yang , Gao Yi , Zhou Wei‐Jie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLECT2 (leucocyte cell‐derived chemotaxin 2) is a 16‐kDa protein mainly produced by hepatocytes. It was first isolated in PHA‐activated human T‐cell leukaemia SKW‐3 cells and originally identified as a novel neutrophil chemotactic factor. However, many lines of studies suggested that LECT2 was a pleiotropic protein, it not only functioned as a cytokine to exhibit chemotactic property, but also played multifunctional roles in some physiological conditions and pathological abnormalities, involving liver regeneration, neuronal development, HSC(haematopoietic stem cells) homeostasis, liver injury, liver fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, metabolic disorders, inflammatory arthritides, systemic sepsis and systemic amyloidosis. Among the above studies, it was discovered that LECT2 could be a promising molecular biomarker and therapeutic target. This review summarizes LECT2‐related receptors and pathways, basic and clinical researches, primarily in mice and human, for a better comprehension and management of these diseases in the future.
Reducing flood risk by effective use of flood‐peak polders: A case study of the Tisza River
Authors: Ungvári Gábor , Kis András 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBetween 1998 and 2006 a series of extreme flood events took place on the Tisza River and its tributaries. In Hungary, this triggered the development of flood‐peak polders as a more cost‐efficient solution of defense compared to raising the dikes. The recent analysis applies Monte‐Carlo simulation‐based quantified risk calculations with a cost–benefit type comparison. Results indicate that compared to the originally planned, 100‐year return frequency flood that threats to topple the levees, lower flood levels already provide economic justification for polder use. Apart from the optimal timing of opening the floodgates, the controlled inundation of polders requires the consideration of its cost–benefit effects as well. The development of the economic decision‐support system for the controlled use of the flood‐peak polders along the Tisza River provides an insight into the efficiency gains that a more informed, quantitative economic analysis can offer in risk reduction. The analysis reveals the potential for more efficient management of flood polders. The decision support of controlled polder inundation includes all the necessary information elements for the cross‐sectoral comparability of impacts that is the foundation for any multi‐purpose land management scheme that enables nature‐based solutions.
Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis recovery after treatment of Cushing's syndrome
Authors: Balasko Annemarie , Zibar Tomsic Karin , Kastelan Darko , Dusek Tina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAfter successful treatment for Cushing's syndrome (CS), secondary adrenal insufficiency develops as a result of the prior suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis by excess cortisol in the body. Until the recovery of the HPA axis, glucocorticoid replacement therapy is required to enable normal functioning of the body and prevent adrenal crisis. Significant variation in the median time of recovery of the HPA axis is found in various cohorts of CS patients ranging from several weeks to years. Despite the use of physiological glucocorticoid replacement, after cure for CS, patients often experience symptoms of glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome (GWS). The optimal glucocorticoid regimen to reduce GWS needs to be established and requires an individualized approach aiming to avoid overtreatment at one side and minimize the risk of undertreatment and possible adrenal crisis and GWS on the other side.
Migrant informal caregiver perceptions and experiences of caring for a family member with dementia: A systematic review and thematic synthesis
Authors: Stenberg Jenny , Hjelm Katarina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo describe migrant family caregivers' experiences and perceptions of caring for a family member with dementia.BackgroundThere are demographic trends of aging populations and increased migration between countries. Age‐associated diseases, such as dementia, are expected to increase, with migrants being at significantly increased risk. Knowledge of how dementia care is provided within migrant families is scarce.DesignSystematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative research were performed to inform the development of interventions that can acknowledge and respond to the needs, concerns and preferences of migrant family caregivers.MethodsSearches were performed in PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL and reference lists in published articles were reviewed for the period 2000–October 2020. The CASP checklist for qualitative research was used to assess evidence quality, and the ENTREQ framework was used as a guide for study reporting.ResultsTwenty‐six articles from 10 Western countries, including 360 informal migrant caregivers from more than 30 countries of origin, were eligible. Within four areas of construct—perceptions of dementia and initial help‐seeking; barriers to accessing and using formal dementia care; caregiver burden and coping and resilience—12 descriptive themes were identified. Several concepts cut across the themes, such as language difficulties; the role of the family in relation to care and support; cultural perceptions of dementia and care; stigma, pride and shame; the importance of religion and the importance of trust.ConclusionsThe review revealed commonalities among migrant family caregivers that resulted in reduced understanding of dementia and the importance of diagnosis and treatment.Relevance to clinical practiceTo prevent a negative trajectory in caregiving, with perceived demands causing high levels of stress and strain, several barriers to migrants accessing and using formal care need to be assessed and addressed.
Posttreatment nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis scores for predicting liver‐related complications in patients with chronic hepatitis C receiving direct‐acting antiviral agents
Authors: Hsu Wei‐Fan , Lai Hsueh‐Chou , Chuang Po‐Heng , Su Wen‐Pang , Chen Sheng‐Hung , Chen Hung‐Yao , Wang Hung‐Wei , Huang Guan‐Tarn , Peng Cheng‐Yuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPatients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) have a higher prevalence of hepatic steatosis and dyslipidaemia than healthy individuals. We analysed noninvasive fibrosis assessments, especially nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)‐related noninvasive fibrosis tests, for predicting liver‐related complications and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence in patients with CHC. This retrospective study enrolled 590 consecutive patients with CHC having a sustained virologic response (SVR) to direct‐acting antiviral agent (DAA) therapy. The NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) exhibiting the highest value of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was selected for comparison with the fibrosis‐4 index (FIB‐4). Of the 590 patients, 188 had metabolic syndrome. A multivariate Cox regression analysis identified total bilirubin at 3 or 6 months after DAA therapy (PW12), NFS at PW12 (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.125, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.058–4.267, p = .034) and alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) at PW12 (HR: 1.071, 95% CI: 1.005–1.142, p = .034) as the independent predictors of liver‐related complications in all patients. In patients with metabolic syndrome, NFS and AFP values at PW12 were independent predictors of liver‐related complications and HCC occurrence. Time‐dependent NFS AUROC values at PW12 for 1‐, 2‐ and 3‐year liver‐related complications were higher than NFS values at baseline in patients with metabolic syndrome. NFS at baseline or PW12 is a more effective predictor of liver‐related complications than FIB‐4 values in all patients. NFS at PW12 may be a useful predictor of liver‐related complications and HCC development in patients with CHC with an SVR to DAA therapy, especially in those with metabolic syndrome.
Sustainable and equivalent improvements in symptoms and functional well‐being following viral cure from ledipasvir/sofosbuvir versus elbasvir/grazoprevir for chronic hepatitis C infection: Findings from the randomized PRIORITIZE trial
Authors: Evon Donna M. , Dong Meichen , Reeve Bryce B. , Peter Joy , Michael Larry , Lok Anna S. , Nelson David R. , Stewart Paul W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe PRIORITIZE trial (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02786537) was the first comparative effectiveness study to directly compare ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) and elbasvir/grazoprevir (EBR/GZR) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). A secondary aim of this study was to compare LDV/SOF and EBR/GZR on sustainable changes in several HCV‐associated symptoms and functional well‐being in patients who achieved sustained virological response (SVR). PRIORITIZE, a randomized controlled trial conducted between 2016 and 2020, evaluated change in six PROMIS® symptom scores (fatigue, sleep disturbance, cognitive disturbance, nausea, diarrhoea, abdominal pain) and functional well‐being using the disease‐specific HCV‐PRO instrument. Survey assessments were administered at baseline, early post‐treatment (median = 6 months) and late post‐treatment (median = 21 months). Constrained longitudinal linear mixed‐effects models were used to evaluate within‐treatment change and between‐treatment differences. Data from 793 participants (average 55 years old, 57% male, 44% black, 17% with cirrhosis) were analysed. From baseline to early post‐treatment, 5 out of 6 symptoms and functional well‐being significantly improved (all p's < .05). In the LDV/SOF arm, mean changes ranged from −3.73 for nausea to −6.41 for fatigue and in the EBR/GZR, mean changes ranged from −2.19 for cognitive impairment to −4.67 for fatigue. Change of >3 points was consider clinically meaningful. Improvements in most symptoms slightly favoured LDV/SOF, although the magnitude of differences between the regimens were small. Both regimens demonstrated significant improvements in symptoms and functional well‐being that were sustained during the late post‐treatment phase. EBR/GZR and LDV/SOF regimens had clinically equivalent and durable improvements in HCV symptoms and functional well‐being up to two years after SVR.
International multicenter validation of GES score for HCC risk stratification in chronic hepatitis C patients
Authors: Shiha Gamal , Soliman Reham , Mikhail Nabiel N. H. , Carrat Fabrice , Azzi Jessica , Nathalie Ganne‐Carrié , Toyoda Hidenori , Uojima Haruki , Nozaki Akito , Takaguchi Koichi , Hiraoka Atsushi , Atsukawa Masanori , Abe Hiroshi , Matsuura Kentaro , Mikami Shigeru , Watanabe Tsunamasa , Tsuji Kunihiko , Ishikawa Toru , Suri Vithika , Osinusi Anu , Ni Liyun , Zou Jun , Sarin Shiv Kumar , Kumar Manoj , Jalal Prasun Kumar , Hashim Mahmoud A. , Hassan Manal , Lopez Sonia Alonso , Bañares Rafael , Ahumada Adriana M. , Mousa Nasser Hamed , Eslam Mohammed , Waked Imam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe have recently demonstrated the ability of a simple predictive model (GES) score to determine the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after using direct‐acting antivirals. However, our results were restricted to Egyptian patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 4. Therefore, we studied a large, independent cohort of multiethnic populations through our international collaborative activity. Depending on their GES scores, patients are stratified into low risk (≤ 6/12.5), intermediate risk (> 6–7.5/12.5), and high risk (> 7.5/12.5) for HCC. A total of 12,038 patients with chronic HCV were analyzed in this study, of whom 11,202 were recruited from 54 centers in France, Japan, India, the U.S., and Spain, and the remaining 836 were selected from the Gilead‐sponsored randomized controlled trial conducted across the U.S., Europe, Canada, and Australia. Descriptive statistics and log‐rank tests. The performance of the GES score was evaluated using Harrell's C‐index (HCI). The GES score proved successful at stratifying all patients into 3 risk groups, namely low‐risk, intermediate‐risk, and high‐risk. It also displayed significant predictive value for HCC development in all participants (p < .0001), with HCI ranging from 0.55 to 0.76 among all cohorts after adjusting for HCV genotypes and patient ethnicities. The GES score can be used to stratify HCV patients into 3 categories of risk for HCC, namely low‐risk, intermediate‐risk, and high‐risk, irrespective of their ethnicities or HCV genotypes. This international multicenter validation may allow the use of GES score in individualized HCC risk‐based surveillance programs.
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the physical and psychological health of female college students in Japan
Authors: Washio Sae , Sai Akira , Yamauchi Taro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe spread of COVID‐19 has dramatically changed our lives. This study aimed to examine the lifestyles of female college students, focusing on physical activity, sleep status, and anxiety status during the pandemic (while under a state of emergency) in Japan. A total of 184 female college students completed two questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and daily activity logs and diet records, in groups of 115 and 69 participants recruited before and during the pandemic, respectively. Findings showed a significant decrease in physical activity: Physical activity levels fell from “normal” to “low” and the daily step counts decreased by nearly half, from 8671 to 4640. In addition, the results from the questionnaires revealed that half of the participants were at risk of having sleep disturbances, and their sleep cycles became more nocturnal, which may have caused higher anxiety states and lower sleep quality during the pandemic. Furthermore, anxiety states worsened, with 100% of the participants experiencing high anxiety during the pandemic. Monitoring lifestyle disturbances during the pandemic is needed for the development of interventions to improve health among young women.
Genomic consequences of artificial selection during early domestication of a wood fibre crop
Authors: Mostert‐O'Neill Marja M. , Tate Hannah , Reynolds S. Melissa , Mphahlele Makobatjatji M. , van den Berg Gert , Verryn Steve D. , Acosta Juan J. , Borevitz Justin O. , Myburg Alexander A. 
Published: June 2022

Summary

From its origins in Australia, Eucalyptus grandis has spread to every continent, except Antarctica, as a wood crop. It has been cultivated and bred for over 100 yr in places such as South Africa. Unlike most annual crops and fruit trees, domestication of E. grandis is still in its infancy, representing a unique opportunity to interrogate the genomic consequences of artificial selection early in the domestication process.

To determine how a century of artificial selection has changed the genome of E. grandis, we generated single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes for 1080 individuals from three advanced South African breeding programmes using the EUChip60K chip, and investigated population structure and genome‐wide differentiation patterns relative to wild progenitors.

Breeding and wild populations appeared genetically distinct. We found genomic evidence of evolutionary processes known to have occurred in other plant domesticates, including interspecific introgression and intraspecific infusion from wild material. Furthermore, we found genomic regions with increased linkage disequilibrium and genetic differentiation, putatively representing early soft sweeps of selection.

This is, to our knowledge, the first study of genomic signatures of domestication in a timber species looking beyond the first few generations of cultivation. Our findings highlight the importance of intra‐ and interspecific hybridization during early domestication.
Effect of the In Situ Screw Implantation Region and Angle on the Stability of Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Finite Element Study
Authors: Zhu Guangye , Wu Zhihua , Fang Zhichao , Zhang Peng , He Jiahui , Yu Xiang , Ge Zhilin , Tang Kai , Liang De , Jiang Xiaobing , Liang Ziyang , Cui Jianchao 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of the in situ screw implantation region and angle on the stability of lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) from a biomechanical perspective.MethodsA validated L2‐4 finite element (FE) model was modified for simulation. The L3‐4 fused segment undergoing LLIF surgery was modeled. The area between the superior and inferior edges and the anterior and posterior edges of the vertebral body (VB) is divided into four zones by three parallel lines in coronal and horizontal planes. In situ screw implantation methods with different angles based on the three parallel lines in coronal plane were applied in Models A, B, and C (A: parallel to inferior line; B: from inferior line to midline; C: from inferior line to superior line). In addition, four implantation methods with different regions based on the three parallel lines in horizontal plane were simulated as types 1–2, 1–3, 2–2, and 2–3 (1–2: from anterior line to midline; 1–3: from anterior line to posterior line; 2–2: parallel to midline; 2–3: from midline to posterior line). L3‐4 ROM, interbody cage stress, screw‐bone interface stress, and L4 superior endplate stress were tracked and calculated for comparisons among these models.ResultsThe L3‐4 ROM of Models A, B, and C decreased with the extent ranging from 47.9% (flexion‐extension) to 62.4% (lateral bending) with no significant differences under any loading condition. Types 2–2 and 2–3 had 45% restriction, while types 1–2 and 1–3 had 51% restriction in ROM under flexion‐extension conditions. Under lateral bending, types 2–2 and 2–3 had 70.6% restriction, while types 1–2 and 1–3 had 61.2% restriction in ROM. Under axial rotation, types 2–2 and 2–3 had 65.2% restriction, while types 1–2 and 1–3 had 59.3% restriction in ROM. The stress of the cage in types 2–2 and 2–3 was approximately 20% lower than that in types 1–2 and 1–3 under all loading conditions in all models. The peak stresses at the screw‐bone interface in types 2–2 and 2–3 were much lower (approximately 35%) than those in types 1–2 and 1–3 under lateral bending, while no significant differences were observed under flexion‐extension and axial rotation. The peak stress on the L4 superior endplate was approximately 30 MPa and was not significantly different in all models under any loading condition.ConclusionsDifferent regions of entry‐exit screws induced multiple screw trajectories and influenced the stability and mechanical responses. However, different implantation angles did not. Considering the difficulty of implantation, the ipsilateral‐contralateral trajectory in the lateral middle region of the VB can be optimal for in situ screw implantation in LLIF surgery.