bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moving our care home: A qualitative study of the views and experiences of residents, relatives and staff
Authors: Ibrahim Kinda , Baron Sophie , Lathlean Judith , Bridges Jackie , McGrath Nuala , Roberts Helen C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionInvoluntary relocation when care homes close can be detrimental to residents’ health and well‐being and is associated with increased mortality. There is little formal evidence to support whether planning can mitigate the impact of such moves. This study aimed to understand the experiences of a whole care home relocation where staff and residents relocated together using existing published guidance.MethodsA longitudinal qualitative research study using individual face‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews was conducted between August 2018 and August 2019. Baseline interviews were conducted 6–8 weeks after relocation with follow‐up interviews 10–12 months later. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using framework analysis.Results27 interviews were conducted; 19 baseline interviews (4 residents, 7 family members, 8 staff) and 8 follow‐up interviews (2 residents, 2 family members, 4 staff). Participants’ feelings about the relocation were mixed: some reported apprehension before the move but others excitement. Residents and families felt variably involved in planning the move, whereas staff expressed lack of involvement. Time, family support and continuity of care helped participants settle in. The new environment shaped participants’ experiences and abilities to adjust, especially the lack of a homely feeling with the new home, the larger size and changes in staff organisation and management.ConclusionsDespite implementation of existing guidance, relocation was still challenging for residents, staff and family members. Future relocations should increase involvement of staff in the planning and design of the home; offer continuous support to those involved; and ensure continuity of care and management style.
Measurements of illuminance in simulated daylight photodynamic therapy
Authors: Sjöholm Alexandra , Claeson Magdalena , Paoli John 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSimulated daylight photodynamic therapy (SDL‐PDT) is a new treatment alternative for actinic keratosis. The aim of this study was to show how the illuminance that reaches the target skin area during SDL‐PDT depends on the spatial positioning of the patient.MethodsIn this technical validation study, illuminance from the SDL‐PDT system IndoorLux© was measured at different angles, directions, and distances from the light sources corresponding to potential target skin areas. Using two different photometers, data from 63 measuring points at seven specific distances from the ceiling were collected at 0°, 45°, and 90° angles, respectively. Illuminance levels ≥12,000 lux were regarded as adequate. Hotspots were defined as adequate measurements in all directions at a specific measuring point at distances of 1.3, 1.5, and 1.8 m from the light sources (i.e., the most common patient treatment positions).ResultsAdequate illuminance levels were more common with photometer 1 (73%) than photometer 2 (57%). Almost all illuminance levels were adequate at a 0° angle with both photometers. Adequate illuminance levels were observed at 82–93% of the measuring points at a 45° angle and 22–47% at a 90° angle. Hotspots were registered with both photometers at all measuring points at 0°; 59–79% of the measuring points at 45°; and 0–21% at 90°.ConclusionPatient positioning is important during SDL‐PDT. Adequate illuminance is achieved if target skin areas are positioned at 0°–45° angles relative to the light sources, but not at 90° angles.
Fast Increased Fidelity Samplers for Approximate Bayesian Gaussian Process Regression
Authors: Moran Kelly R. , Wheeler Matthew W. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGaussian processes (GPs) are common components in Bayesian non-parametric models having a rich methodological literature and strong theoretical grounding. The use of exact GPs in Bayesian models is limited to problems containing several thousand observations due to their prohibitive computational demands. We develop a posterior sampling algorithm using H-matrix approximations that scales at O(nlog2n). We show that this approximation's Kullback–Leibler divergence to the true posterior can be made arbitrarily small. Although multidimensional GPs could be used with our algorithm, d-dimensional surfaces are modelled as tensor products of univariate GPs to minimize the cost of matrix construction and maximize computational efficiency. We illustrate the performance of this fast increased fidelity approximate GP, FIFA-GP, using both simulated and non-synthetic data sets.
Break point detection for functional covariance
Authors: Jiao Shuhao , Frostig Ron D. , Ombao Hernando 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMany neuroscience experiments record sequential trajectories where each trajectory consists of oscillations and fluctuations around zero. Such trajectories can be viewed as zero‐mean functional data. When there are structural breaks in higher‐order moments, it is not always easy to spot these by mere visual inspection. Motivated by this challenging problem in brain signal analysis, we propose a detection and testing procedure to find the change point in functional covariance. The detection procedure is based on the cumulative sum statistics (CUSUM). The fully functional testing procedure relies on a null distribution which depends on infinitely many unknown parameters, though in practice only a finite number of these parameters can be included for the hypothesis test of the existence of change point. This paper provides some theoretical insights on the influence of the number of parameters. Meanwhile, the asymptotic properties of the estimated change point are developed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is numerically validated in simulation studies and an application to investigate changes in rat brain signals following an experimentally‐induced stroke.
Unconditional empirical likelihood approach for analytic use of public survey data
Authors: Berger Yves G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractModeling survey data often requires having the knowledge of design and weighting variables. With public‐use survey data, some of these variables may not be available for confidentiality reasons. The proposed approach can be used in this situation, as long as calibrated weights and variables specifying the strata and primary sampling units are available. It gives consistent point estimation and a pivotal statistics for testing and confidence intervals. The proposed approach does not rely on with‐replacement sampling, single‐stage, negligible sampling fractions, or noninformative sampling. Adjustments based on design effects, eigenvalues, joint‐inclusion probabilities or bootstrap, are not needed. The inclusion probabilities and auxiliary variables do not have to be known. Multistage designs with unequal selection of primary sampling units are considered. Nonresponse can be easily accommodated if the calibrated weights include reweighting adjustment for nonresponse. We use an unconditional approach, where the variables and sample are random variables. The design can be informative.
Supplemental Material: Terrestrial paleoclimate transition associated with continental weathering and drift during the Aptian–Albian of East Asia
Authors: Jia Jianliang , et al.  
Published: April 2022

<p>Table S1: Climate indicators from element and isotope geochemistry, and clay and carbonate minerals from boreholes FY-2, FY-1, and DY-1 in the Fuxin Basin. Table S2: Palynomorph assemblage from borehole FY-2 in the Fuxin Basin. Figure S1: Correlated sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary facies with positions of measured samples in the Fuxin Basin from borehole FY-2 in the west (A), FY-1 in the center (B), and DY-1 in the east (C) (modified after Jia et al., 2021). Figure S2: Diagrams of Al2O3 and TiO2 and δ13C and δ18O values for organic-rich mudrocks from boreholes FY-2 (A, D), FY-1 (B, E), and DY-1 (C, F). Figure S3. Microscopic characteristics of carbonate minerals observed in SEM (A) and thin section images (B) of organic-rich mudrocks from borehole FY-2. </p>
Post-Spinel Phases in the Earth’s Mantle
Authors: Iskrina A. V. , Bobrov A. V. , Spivak A. V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract—The post-spinel phases include compounds with stoichiometry$${{A}^{{2 + }}}B_{2}^{{3 + }}{{{\text{O}}}_{4}}$$$$\left( {A_{2}^{{2 + }}{{B}^{{4 + }}}{{{\text{O}}}_{4}}} \right)$$and structures of the calcium ferrite CaFe2O4, calcium titanate CaTi2O4, and marokite CaMn2O4types. The structures with a centeredCmcm(Bbmm) and primitivePnma(Pmcn) andPbcm(Pmab) cells are distinguished in this family of topologically related compounds with a “marokite” channel formed by six octahedra. The sites A and B are occupied by various cations, in particular, Cr, Al, Mg, Fe, Ca, Ti, Fe, Na, and Si, which implies the formation of solid solutions of a wide compositional range. In nature, such high-pressure phases were found in meteorites, as inclusions in diamond crystals, and in rocks from some metamorphic complexes. This review provides a characterization of natural mineralogical finds, the results of an experimental study of post-spinel phases of various compositions and their solid solutions, as well as crystal chemical simulation and assessment of likely compositions and the areas of stability of compounds with a “marokite” channel. The discrepancy between the results of individual studies indicates the necessity to clarify the stability parameters and probable isostructural transitions, and, ultimately, to improve the classification of post-spinel phases.
Cancer Epidemiology in Hispanic Populations: What Have We Learned and Where Do We Need to Make Progress?
Authors: Fejerman Laura , Ramirez Amelie G. , Nápoles Anna María , Gomez Scarlett Lin , Stern Mariana C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Hispanic/Latino(x) population (H/L) in the United States of America is heterogeneous and fast growing. Cancer is the number one cause of death among H/Ls, accounting for 21% of deaths. Whereas for the most common cancers, incidence rates are lower in H/Ls compared with non-H/L White (NHW) individuals, H/Ls have a higher incidence of liver, stomach, cervical, penile, and gallbladder cancers. H/L patients tend to be diagnosed at more advanced stages for breast, colorectal, prostate, and lung cancers, and melanoma compared with NHW individuals. Etiologic and cancer outcomes research among H/Ls lags other populations. In this review, we provide a summary of challenges, opportunities, and research priorities related to cancer etiology, cancer outcomes, and survivorship to make progress in addressing scientific gaps. Briefly, we prioritize the need for more research on determinants of obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its progression to liver cancer, stomach and gallbladder cancers, and pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We emphasize the need to improve cancer screening, early detection of cancer, and survivorship care. We highlight critical resources needed to make progress in cancer epidemiologic studies among H/L populations, including the importance of training the next generation of cancer epidemiologists conducting research in H/Ls.
Association of Prediagnostic Serum Levels of Vitamin D with Risk of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast in the UK Biobank Cohort Study
Authors: Peila Rita , Rohan Thomas E. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background:
Higher circulating levels of vitamin D [25(OH)D] have been associated with reduced risk of developing invasive breast cancer. However, their association with risk of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast has received little attention.

Methods:
We examined the association of serum vitamin D with risk of DCIS in 231,203 women, aged 40 to 69 years at enrollment in the UK Biobank cohort study. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals for the association of vitamin D with DCIS risk.

Results:
There was no association between serum 25(OH)D levels and risk of DCIS overall, or by menopausal status. The association was not modified by body mass index category, family history of breast cancer, or current use of menopausal hormone therapy.

Conclusions:
In this large prospective cohort study, we did not observe an association between circulating serum levels of vitamin D and risk of DCIS.

Impact:
While previous studies have suggested that serum vitamin D has an inverse association with risk of invasive breast cancer, the present results do not provide evidence for an association with DCIS, a non-obligate precursor of invasive disease.
Infancias y adolescencias: vivencias durante la pandemia por covid-19 en Argentina
Authors: Barcala Alejandra , Poverene Laura , Torricelli Flavia , Parra Marcela Alejandra , Wilner Alejandro , Micele Carla , Correles Carolina , Moreno Emilse , D’Angelo Marcela , Heredia Mariana , Sanchez Nadia , Vila Patricia 
Published: April 2022

(analítico)El advenimiento de la pandemia del covid-19 y el aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio, impactó en la vida cotidiana y tuvo efectos en la subjetividad de niños, niñas y adolescentes. A través de un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo de carácter cualitativo se indaga sobre la construcción de sentidos, y las emociones en torno a la pandemia y cuarentena, las experiencias escolares y las prácticas de cuidado. Participaron 68 niñas, niños y adolescentes de cuatro jurisdicciones de Argentina, entre marzo y junio de 2020. Se recolectaron narrativas orales, fotos, dibujos y videos. Relataron cómo reinventaron modos de vincularse, de jugar y habitar espacios, erigiéndose como sujetos ético-políticos capaces de cuidar y de transformar su entorno, a pesar de la profundización de situaciones de desigualdad, del miedo al contagio y pérdida de seres queridos.
Palabras clave: Pandemia; infancia; adolescencia.
Rectal Contrast CT Scans of Limited Utility in Diagnosing Colonic Injuries in Penetrating Trauma: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nguyen Jonathan , Bashan K. Aviva , Jiang Cecilia , Lin Mung , Tootla Yasmin , Udobi Kahdi , Williams Keneeshia N. , Gelbard Rondi , Nguyen Crystal T. , Sola Richard , Smith Randi N. , Sciarretta Jason D. , Butler Caroline , Morse Bryan C. , Grant April A. , Rhee Peter 
Published: April 2022

Objectives Using rectal contrast computed tomography (CT) to identify traumatic colorectal injuries has become commonplace; however, these injuries remain relatively infrequent findings on CTs obtained for penetrating back and flank trauma. We conducted a meta-analysis to ascertain the efficacy of rectal contrast CT in identifying such injuries in victims penetrating injuries. Methods PubMed and Embase were queried for relevant articles between 1974 and 2022. Review articles, case studies, and non-English manuscripts were excluded. Studies without descriptive CT and operative findings were excluded. Positive scans refer to rectal contrast extravasation. Sensitivity and specificity of rectal contrast CT scans were calculated with aggregated CT findings that were cross-referenced with laparotomy findings. Results Only 8 manuscripts representing 506 patients quantified colorectal injuries and specified patients with rectal contrast extravasation. Seven patients with true colorectal injuries had no contrast extravasation on CT. There was one true positive scan. Another scan identified contrast extravasation, but laparotomy revealed no colorectal injury. Rectal contrast had sensitivity of 12.5%, specificity 99.8%, positive predictive value (PPV) 50%, negative predictive value (NPV) 99%, and a false negative rate of 88% in identifying colonic injuries. Discussion The summation of 8 manuscripts suggest that the addition of rectal contrast in identifying colonic and rectal injuries may be of limited utility given its poor sensitivity and may be unnecessary. In its absence, subtle clues such as hematomas, extraluminal air, IV-dye extravasation, and trajectory may be additional indicators of injury. Further investigations are required to demonstrate a true benefit for the addition of rectal contrast.
Axial compressive behaviour of CFST column externally reinforced by CFRP strips – A design of experiments approach
Authors: Ganapathy Ganesh Prabhu 
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of CFRP strips wrapping scheme (partial wrapping) in strengthening of CFST column subjected to axial compression. To complete the experimental investigation in an economical way, the central composite design (CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design the experiments. Based on the CCD experimental model, 9 unique tests were performed and the failure mode of the specimens, load–deformation behaviour, ultimate strength and ductility behaviour were studied. The test results showed that externally bonding CFRP strips is an effective approach to restraining axial deformation and enhancing the ultimate capacity of the column under compression. By bonding three layers of CFRP strips, the deformation of the columns was restricted to a maximum of 55.78% and 50.27% compared to the column bonded with one layer, when set at spacings of 20 mm and 30 mm, respectively. The ANOVA, Pareto chart and contour plot of RSM revealed that the layers of the CFRP wrapping scheme was more significant than the strips spacing in increasing the strength capacity of the CFST column. The suitability of design models proposed in various literatures for predicting the strength capacities of CFST columns strengthened with CFRP wrapping scheme was also examined. A simple design model, derived considering the column geometry and material strength of column and CFRP composites, was proposed to predict the axial strength capacities of CFST short columns confined by CFRP strips by using regression analysis. The proposed design model provides a more accurate and reasonably stable prediction compared with other existing design models.
Utilisation of a rectal hydrogel spacer for vaginoplasty in a cadaver model
Authors: An Crystal , Mishra Kirtishri , Bukavina Laura , Arojo Itunu , Pope Rachel , Gupta Shubham 
Published: April 2022

Background: A major source of complications in vaginoplasty results from injury to the rectum during dissection of the neovaginal cavity. The SpaceOAR™ System is a rectal hydrogel spacer mostly used as a safety technique during prostate cancer treatment. Objective: This was a feasibility study performed in a single cadaveric perineum.Methods: Prior to standard cavity dissection, SpaceOAR was injected transperineally into the Denonvilliers’ fascia under guidance of transrectal ultrasound. Dissection of the neovaginal cavity with spacer gel was qualitatively assessed to be significantly easier, allowing for a blunt and quick approach. Results: A satisfactory vaginal length was achieved rapidly and safely. Conclusions: We show that transgender vaginoplasty using this adaptation of SpaceOAR is technically feasible in the cadaveric model and may reduce the incidence of rectal injury or rectovaginal fistula during neovaginal cavity creation. Future experimental endeavours should focus on the reproducibility of this approach and characterise the degree of rectal protection provided. Level of evidence: Not applicable
HLA-DR expression on monocytes and outcome of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Bourbon Estelle , Sesques Pierre , Gossez Morgane , Tordo Jérémie , Ferrant Emmanuelle , Safar Violaine , Wallet Florent , Aussedat Guillaume , Maarek Alizée , Bouafia Fadhela , Karlin Lionel , Ghergus Dana , Golfier Camille , Lequeu Hélène , Lazareth Anne , Schwiertz Vérane , Viel Sébastien , Idlhaj Maryam , Ghesquières Hervé , Monneret Guillaume , Bachy Emmanuel , Venet Fabienne 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Despite their unprecedented success in relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), anti-CD19 CAR T cells are associated with significant toxicity, and more than half of patients relapse. As monocytes emerged as key players in CAR therapy, we sought to evaluate the evolution of HLA-DR expression on monocytes (mHLA-DR) before and after commercial anti-CD19 CAR T-cell infusion in a large cohort (n = 103) of patients with R/R LBCL and its association with adverse events and treatment response. Cy-Flu-based lymphodepletion (LD) upregulated mHLA-DR in 79% of the cases, whereas in 2l% of cases (15 patients), the mHLA-DR level decreased after LD, and this decrease was associated with poorer outcome. Low mHLA-DR at day minus 7 (D−7) (&lt;13 500 antibodies per cell) before CAR T-cell infusion correlated with older age, poorer performance status, higher tumor burden, and elevated inflammatory markers. With a median follow-up of 7.4 months, patients with low mHLA-DR D−7 exhibited a poorer duration of response and survival than the higher mHLA-DR D−7 group. For toxicity management, tocilizumab was more frequently used in the low–mHLA-DR D−7 group. These data suggest that monocyte dysregulation before LD, characterized by the downregulation of mHLA-DR, correlates with an inflammatory and immunosuppressive tumor environment and is associated with failure of anti-CD19 CAR T cells in patients with R/R LBCL. Modulation of these myeloid cells represents a promising field for improving CAR therapy.
DISTEMA: distance map-based estimation of single protein model accuracy with attentive 2D convolutional neural network
Authors: Chen Xiao , Cheng Jianlin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundEstimation of the accuracy (quality) of protein structural models is important for both prediction and use of protein structural models. Deep learning methods have been used to integrate protein structure features to predict the quality of protein models. Inter-residue distances are key information for predicting protein’s tertiary structures and therefore have good potentials to predict the quality of protein structural models. However, few methods have been developed to fully take advantage of predicted inter-residue distance maps to estimate the accuracy of a single protein structural model.ResultWe developed an attentive 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) with channel-wise attention to take only a raw difference map between the inter-residue distance map calculated from a single protein model and the distance map predicted from the protein sequence as input to predict the quality of the model. The network comprises multiple convolutional layers, batch normalization layers, dense layers, and Squeeze-and-Excitation blocks with attention to automatically extract features relevant to protein model quality from the raw input without using any expert-curated features. We evaluated DISTEMA’s capability of selecting the best models for CASP13 targets in terms of ranking loss of GDT-TS score. The ranking loss of DISTEMA is 0.079, lower than several state-of-the-art single-model quality assessment methods.ConclusionThis work demonstrates that using raw inter-residue distance information with deep learning can predict the quality of protein structural models reasonably well. DISTEMA is freely athttps://github.com/jianlin-cheng/DISTEMA