bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective predictors of care partner burden and depression in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Whiteley Nicole , Pluim Celina F. , Split Molly , Cabrera Tuazon Angelie , Moore Raeanne C. , Irene Litvan  , Lessig Stephanie , Filoteo J. Vincent , Schiehser Dawn M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesCare partners who provide informal care to individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) report higher levels of burden and depression; however, longitudinal research on these symptoms is scarce. The current study assessed changes in care partner burden and depression, and patient and care partner predictors of these symptoms over time. Such knowledge may provide important information for assessment and treatment of depression and burden in care partners of individuals with PD.Research Design and MethodsParticipants were 88 PD patients without dementia and their self‐identified care partner (n = 88). Care partners completed the Geriatric Depression Scale and Zarit Burden Interview. PD participants completed mood questionnaires and a motor exam at baseline and 2 year follow‐up. Relationships among care partner burden and depression over time with patient and care partner predictors (i.e., demographic, mood, and disease characteristics) were assessed using correlations and regression analyses.ResultsCare partner burden and depression significantly increased over an approximate 2 year period. Greater baseline disease severity predicted worsening of care partner burden (p = 0.028), while baseline patient depression predicted worsening of care partner depression (p = 0.002).ConclusionsResults highlight differential impacts of specific PD symptoms on worsening care partner burden compared to depression; increased PD disease severity predicts increased burden, while patient mood predicts worsening of depression over time. Targeting PD disease severity and mood symptoms may prevent the progression of care partner burden and depression.
Numerical simulation of overbank hyporheic transport and biogeochemical reactions in a compound channel
Authors: Xiao Yang , Liu Jiaming , Wang Nairu , Gualtieri Carlo , Zhang Taotao , Liu Jieqing , Fu Jun , Zhou Jian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTransverse hyporheic transport and biogeochemical reactions in a compound channel remain poorly understood. As floodplains are submerged, solutes in the surface water enter the hyporheic zone of the compound channel and react with the solutes upwelling below the floodplain. Aerobic respiration (AR) and denitrification (DN) processes in the hyporheic zone of the compound channel still need to be clarified. In this paper, a 3D hydrodynamic model coupled to a 2D groundwater flow and biogeochemical model was applied to investigate such processes. The model results were verified using laboratory experimental measurements. The effects of bank slope angle, ambient groundwater flow, and ambient groundwater solute concentration on aerobic and anaerobic biogeochemical processes were studied. The denitrification zone was found below the interface between the main channel and the floodplain. The lower bank slope angle favours nitrogen removal. Small losing groundwater discharges promote aerobic respiration and denitrification reactions. As the ambient groundwater oxygen concentration rises, O2 consumption increases while N removal decreases. As the NO3 concentration in ambient groundwater increases, NO3 consumption increases and proportionally NO3 consumption decreases. These findings not only provide a better understanding of biogeochemical reactions in a compound channel but can also be applied to river restoration to efficiently remove nitrate by modifying bank slope angles.
Role of cervical sliding sign in predicting preterm delivery in pregnancies complicated with preterm premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Uyan Hendem Derya , Oluklu Deniz , Menekse Beser Dilek , Besimoglu Berchan , Goncu Ayhan Sule , Sahin Dilek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of cervical sliding sign (CSS) to predict preterm delivery in patients with premature rupture of membranes.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 88 pregnant women between 240/7 and 366/7 weeks of gestation who were complicated with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) between June 2020 and January 2022. We measured the cervical length (CL) and applied pressure to the anterior fornix of the cervix with the transvaginal probe to investigate the CSS, which is defined as the sliding of the anterior lip of the cervix on the posterior lip.ResultsThe time between PPROM and delivery was significantly shorter in the CSS+ group (P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed for CSS with regard to predicting delivery within 7 days following PPROM (area under the curve, 0.749 [95% confidence interval, 0.642–0.857], P < 0.001). On logistic regression analysis, CL <25 mm increased the predictive accuracy of delivery within 7 days following PPROM 1.91‐fold, and CSS increased the predictive accuracy of delivery within 7 days following PPROM 10.71‐fold.ConclusionCSS is an effective sonographic marker in predicting preterm delivery and provides better information of oncoming preterm delivery in patients with PPROM than CL measurement.
Is there still an indication for episiotomy? Results from a French national database analysis
Authors: Levaillant Mathieu , Loury Charlotte , Venara Aurélien , Hamel‐Broza Jean‐François , Legendre Guillaume 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the link between mediolateral episiotomy and the occurrence of obstetrical anal sphincter injury (OASIS).MethodsData were collected from the national database (PMSI; Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information). Women between 18 and 50 years old, undergoing a vaginal delivery in France in 2018 were included. The main outcome was factors associated with a higher adjusted OASIS rate after a vaginal delivery.ResultsOf 623 003 women with a vaginal delivery, 239 949 were primiparous (38.5%), 62 310 experienced mediolateral episiotomy (10.0%) and 7077 had a third‐ or fourth‐degree perineal tear (1.14%). Risk factors for OASIS were primiparity (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.97), shoulder dystocia (aOR 2.57), instrumental delivery (aOR 2.81), gestational diabetes (aOR 1.20), and post‐term delivery (aOR 1.53). Mediolateral episiotomy increased the occurrence of OASIS for women without an instrumental delivery, either for parous (OR 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–1.62) or primiparous (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13–1.39) women. In contrast, episiotomy among primiparous women with episiotomy and a vacuum or forceps delivery significantly decreased the risk for OASIS (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.56–0.67).ConclusionsThe practice of routine episiotomy should be discouraged. Selective mediolateral episiotomy should be considered with extreme caution and mainly for primiparous women during instrumental vaginal delivery. Further randomized trial may confirm such results.
A case of robot‐assisted adrenalectomy performed for an adrenal tumor (anastomosing hemangioma) exceeding 7 cm
Authors: Nishikimi Toshinori , Mizuno Hideki , Kashima Ayano , Morikami Hiroko , Ishiguro Shigeki , Ohashi Tomoyoshi , Yamada Hiroshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionAnastomosing hemangioma in the adrenal area is extremely rare. We report a large anastomosing hemangioma in the adrenal area that underwent robot‐assisted adrenalectomy.Case presentationA 49‐year‐old man with left back pain underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that revealed a tumor in the left adrenal area; it was diagnosed as nonfunctional endocrinologically. However, the major axis of the tumor increased from 64 to 72 mm during the 4‐month period. Robot‐assisted left adrenalectomy was performed. Although the large tumor adhered to the surrounding tissues, it was safely resected by the effective use of an extra robotic arm. An anastomosing hemangioma was diagnosed since there were no malignant findings.ConclusionRobotic surgical systems may serve as an effective treatment option for large adrenal tumors, and our report is the first robot‐assisted adrenalectomy performed on an anastomosing hemangioma.
1‐Bromo‐4‐ethynylbenzene on Cu(100): Adsorption, bonding structures, and reaction mechanisms
Authors: Chiang Yu‐Hsien , Liu Ying‐Fan , You Zheng‐Jie , Liu Ying‐Xuan , Tseng Kuan‐Wen , Lin Ming‐Wei , Lin Jong‐Liang , Wang Chia‐Hsin , Yang Yaw‐Wen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTemperature‐programmed reaction/desorption, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, reflection‐absorption infrared spectroscopy, near edge X‐ray absorption fine structure and density functional theory calculations have been employed to investigate the adsorption, bonding structures, and reaction pathways of 1‐bromo‐4‐ethynylbenzene (BrC6H4C ≡ CH, 1Br4EB) on Cu(100). This molecule is chemically adsorbed, via the ethynyl group attaching to the surface, forming two C‐Cu bonds and a ~ 60° tilting aromatic plane with respect to the surface. At 370 K, dissociation of both the C‐Br and CC‐H bonds of 1‐bromo‐4‐ethynylbenzene generates adsorbed intermediates of C6H5C2, C6H4C2H2, and C6H4C2. The C‐Br breakage temperature is much higher than those (~ 240 K) observed in the cases of bromobenzene/Pt(111) and dibromopyridine/Cu(100), owing to the adsorption geometry of 1‐bromo‐4‐ethylnylbenzene, with the C‐Br pointing away from the surface. In the case of higher coverages, molecular desorption occurs near 370 K. The adsorption structures of the aromatic intermediates of C6H4CHCH, C6H4CCH2, C6H4CH2C, C6H4C2, and C6H5C2 are calculated and compared. They are stable up to ~520 K and decompose to form H2 at higher temperatures (~520–870 K). No hydrocarbon products, such as C2H2, C2H4, C6H6, C6H5CCH, or C6H5CHCH2, are measured.
Left‐sided acute appendicitis with congenital gastrointestinal malrotation
Authors: Hoang Van Trung , Van Hoang Anh Thi , Hoang The Huan , Vo Tien Hoai , Chansomphou Vichit 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe describe a 28‐year‐old man with acute appendicitis associated with gastrointestinal malrotation. The diagnosis was confirmed by a computed tomography scan, and he was treated by laparoscopic appendectomy without a Ladd procedure.
Hamilton‐connected {claw, bull}‐free graphs
Authors: Ryjáček Zdeněk , Vrána Petr 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe generalized bull is the graph obtained by attaching endvertices of two disjoint paths of lengths to two vertices of a triangle. We prove that every 3‐connected ‐free graph, where , is Hamilton‐connected. The results are sharp and complete the characterization of forbidden induced bulls implying Hamilton‐connectedness of a 3‐connected {claw, bull}‐free graph.
Precipitation extremes over the tropical Americas under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate change scenarios: Results from dynamical downscaling simulations
Authors: Costa Alexandre Araújo , Guimarães Sullyandro Oliveira , Sales Domingo Cassain , das Chagas Vasconcelos Junior Francisco , Marinho Marcos Wender Santiago , Pereira José Marcelo Rodrigues , Martins Eduardo Sávio Passos Rodrigues , da Silva Emerson Mariano 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Regional Atmospheric Modelling System (RAMS) driven by data from the CMIP5 Earth System Model HadGEM2‐ES was used to simulate daily precipitation over the tropical Americas for both current and future climate, including distinct scenarios (representative concentration pathways 4.5 and 8.5) and different time horizons (short‐term, mid‐term and long‐term changes). The major objective was to evaluate possible future changes in extreme events, with emphasis on the intensity of precipitation events and the duration of wet and dry spells. According to RAMS, longer dry spells are expected over most regions of the tropical Americas in the future, with indications for Northeast Brazil, Caribbean, Northern Amazon, and shorter wet spells over Central America and Amazon. With the exception of the Caribbean, there is a general tendency towards the increased frequency of intense precipitation in the tropical Americas.
Mesoporous silica gel doped with dysprosium and modified with copper: A selective catalyst for the hydrogenation of 1‐hexyne/1‐hexene mixture
Authors: Tokranova Elena O. , Tokranov Alexander A. , Yu Vinogradov Kirill , Shafigulin Roman V. , Bulanova Andzhela V. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe selective hydrogenation of 1‐hexyne/1‐hexene mixture in the temperature range 100–140°C and a hydrogen pressure of 3 atm was studied on catalysts based on mesoporous silica gel modified with copper and mesoporous silica gel doped with dysprosium and modified with copper. The physicochemical characteristics of the samples were studied by low temperature nitrogen adsorption–desorption method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray fluorescence (XRF), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). In addition, theoretical calculations of the entropies and energies of formation of activated complexes of the hydrogenation reactions of 1‐hexyne and 1‐hexene in the gas phase have been calculated with Gaussian 09 software using the density functional theory (DFT) B3LYP/cc‐pVQZ method. It was found that the presence of dysprosium in the structure of mesoporous silica gel leads to an increase in catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of 1‐hexyne. Moreover, it was shown that mesoporous silica gel modified with copper has the highest selectivity for hexene‐1 in the hydrogenation reaction of 1‐hexyne/1‐hexene mixture at 130°C.
Wavelength‐Scale Spin Hall Shift of Light with Morphology‐Enhanced Scattering Efficiency from Nanoparticles
Authors: Sun Yuchen , Xu Ping , Gao Lei , Miroshnichenko Andrey E. , Gao Dongliang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSpin Hall (SH) shift of light from nanoparticles refers to the transverse displacement of scattered light due to spin–orbit interaction (SOI). Generally, the SH shift is small and suffers from inherent low scattering efficiency. In this paper, the SH shift and its corresponding scattering intensity are simultaneously enhanced for dual nanoparticles. Based on the generalized Lorentz‐Mie theory, the morphology of the nanoparticle is optimized to increase the scattering intensity while preserving the wavelength‐scale SH shift. The simultaneous enhancements are realized by manipulating the electric and magnetic dipolar modes to overlap at their resonances rather than the tails of the scattering. Meanwhile, a new pattern is identified on orbital momentum streamlines, revealing the near field's SOI. In addition, an experiment is proposed to detect the SH shifts in the far‐field observation plane. The scattering intensities from oblate spheroids are enhanced by one order of magnitude compared to the spherical counterparts. The findings may shed new light on the mechanism of light–matter interaction and facilitate the experimental detection of the SH effect of light.
Antimicrobial Polyurethane Films Based on Quaternary Ammonium Salts Functionalized Soybean Oil
Authors: Naguib Mohamed , Yassin Mohamed A. , Rehim Mona Abdel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the context of diligent effort to develop active coating materials that have the potential to minimize the spread of bacterial infection, antibacterial polyurethane films based on soybean polyols are successfully prepared and characterized. Particularly, the epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) is modified with N,N‐dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA) or N,N‐diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) to give two bio‐derived tertiary amine functionalized polyols (AmSBO and AlSBO, respectively). Subsequently, the synthesized bio‐derived tertiary amine functionalized polyols (AmSBO and AlSBO) are quaternized with methyl iodide for antibacterial effectiveness. The FTIR and 1H NMR results of functional polyols display significant transesterification and aminolysis (amide formation) in addition to the ring‐opening reaction of the oxirane ring. The polyurethane films are prepared by reacting these functional polyols with isocyanate prepolymer based on methylene‐bis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI). The realized polyurethanes are successfully applied as functional coatings on polypropylene films. In addition, free‐standing polyurethane films are obtained and their thermal, optical, and barrier properties are studied. Moreover, the polyurethane films displayed significant antibacterial activities against different pathogens.
End Group Functionality of 95–99%: Epoxide Functionalization of Polystyryl‐Lithium Evaluated via Solvent Gradient Interaction Chromatography
Authors: Dreier Philip , Ahn Junyoung , Chang Taihyun , Frey Holger 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEnd group functionality is a key parameter of functional polymer chains. The end‐capping efficiency of living polystyryl lithium with various epoxides, namely ethylene oxide (EO), ethoxy ethyl glycidyl ether (EEGE) and isopropylidene glyceryl glycidyl ether (IGG), is investigated with solvent gradient interaction chromatography (SGIC). Generally, end‐capping efficiencies >95% are observed. Hydroxy functional polystyrene (PS–OH, PS–EEGE–OH, and PS–IGG–OH) with molar masses ranging from 13.8 to 15.0 kg mol−1 are obtained, with dispersities of 1.05–1.06. Deprotection of the acetal (PS–EEGE–OH) and ketal protective group (PS–IGG–OH) is investigated. Nearly quantitative deprotection (>99%) resulting in the corresponding multihydroxy functional PS (PS–(OH)2 and PS–(OH)3) are observed via SGIC. Esterification of PS–OH with succinic anhydride shows a conversion of 98% to the corresponding ester. A detailed picture of side reactions during the carbanionic polymer synthesis subsequent epoxide termination is obtained, demonstrating 95–99% terminal functionality. Depending on the polarity of the end group, an elution order of PS–OH < PS–(OH)2 < PS–(OH)3 < PS–COOH is obtained in SGIC. The study demonstrates both the analytical power of SGIC and the exceptionally high terminal functionalization efficiency of anionic polymerization methods.
Data assimilation for surface wave method by ensemble Kalman filter with random field modeling
Authors: Ren Yuxiang , Nishimura Shinichi , Shibata Toshifumi , Shuku Takayuki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) was used to estimate the spatial distribution of the Young's modulus of a model of an earth‐fill dam by assimilating the travel time to the first arrival of the surface waves. By the ensemble data assimilation, the measured data from a geophysical exploration was applied to simultaneously estimate the geotechnical properties and evaluate the uncertainties. Swedish weight sounding (SWS) test results were employed as the prior information to generate the initial ensemble through the sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs). In the experiments of assimilation, it was shown that the reproducibility of the parameter field is enhanced by this initial ensemble generation method, and that the uncertainties of the identified parameters can be reduced by the assimilation.
Molecular dynamics simulation study of the joining strength of different polymer‐aluminum heterointerfaces in nano‐injection molding
Authors: Li Shunyang , Zhu Yanchun , Liang Jianguo , Li Jin , Zhao Chunjiang , Jia Fuliang , Ma Shaohua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNano‐injection molding has been widely used in polymer‐metal integrated structures. This study aimed to investigate the joining strength and bonding mechanism between polymer‐metal interfaces, as well as the interfacial interactions and joining properties with molecular dynamics methods. Besides, six polymer‐aluminum interface systems in 5.4 × 5.4 × 12.5 nm cuboids composed of aluminum, polymer, and vacuum layers (from bottom to top) were constructed. The joining strength and flow behavior were explored by calculating the interfacial energy, filling rate, gyration radius, and pullout force. The effects of nano‐cavity shape and non‐bonding interaction strength on the separation process were analyzed. The simulation results demonstrated that during the filling process, the polymer molecular chains slipped and flowed along the inner wall of the nano‐cavity, and the filling behavior depended largely on the fluidity and filling rate of the polymer. During the separation process, the polymer chains close to the aluminum matrix were stretched, the polymer chains far from the interface were relatively stable, and residual polymer molecular chains were observed near the interface. The interface joining primarily contributed to the interaction energy. Additionally, the formed mechanical interlocking effect further enhanced the joining strength when the nano‐cavity was in a “T” shape, providing a reference value for the nano‐injection time and dwell time.
Effects of drought and heat stresses during reproductive stage on pollen germination, yield, and leaf reflectance properties in maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Bheemanahalli Raju , Ramamoorthy Purushothaman , Poudel Sadikshya , Samiappan Sathishkumar , Wijewardane Nuwan , Reddy K. Raja 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDrought and heat stresses are the major abiotic stress factors detrimental to maize (Zea mays L.) production. Much attention has been directed toward plant responses to heat or drought stress. However, maize reproductive stage responses to combined heat and drought remain less explored. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the impact of optimum daytime (30°C, control) and warmer daytime temperatures (35°C, heat stress) on pollen germination, morpho‐physiology, and yield potential using two maize genotypes (“Mo17” and “B73”) under contrasting soil moisture content, that is, 100% and 40% irrigation during flowering. Pollen germination of both genotypes decreased under combined stresses (42%), followed by heat stress (30%) and drought stress (19%). Stomatal conductance and transpiration were comparable between control and heat stress but significantly decreased under combined stresses (83% and 72%) and drought stress (52% and 47%) compared with the control. Genotype “Mo17” reduced its green leaf area to minimize the water loss, which appears to be one of the adaptive strategies of “Mo17” under stress conditions. The leaf reflectance of both genotypes varied across treatments. Vegetation indices associated with pigments (chlorophyll index of green, chlorophyll index of red edge, and carotenoid index) and plant health (normalized difference red‐edge index) were found to be highly sensitive to drought and combined stressors than heat stress. Combined drought and heat stresses caused a significant reduction in yield and yield components in both Mo17 (49%) and B73 (86%) genotypes. The harvest index of genotype “B73” was extremely low, indicating poor partitioning efficiency. At least when it comes to “B73,” the cause of yield reduction appears to be the result of reduced sink number rather than the pollen and source size. To the best of our awareness, this is the first study that showed how the leaf‐level spectra, yield, and quality parameters respond to the short duration of independent and combined stresses during flowering in inbred maize. Further studies are required to validate the responses of potential traits involving diverse maize genotypes under field conditions. This study suggests the need to develop maize with improved tolerance to combined stresses to sustain production under increasing temperatures and low rainfall conditions.