bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement and clinical applications of C‐reactive protein in gastrointestinal diseases of dogs
Authors: Covin Marshal A. , Steiner Joerg M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractC‐reactive protein (CRP) is a positive acute‐phase protein, serum concentrations of which increase nonspecifically in response to inflammatory processes of the dog. As such, it can aid in the identification of inflammatory disease and, maybe more importantly, the objective monitoring of disease progression. In dogs, CRP is frequently used to evaluate dogs with gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic inflammatory enteropathies (also termed idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease), acute pancreatitis, canine parvovirus infection, hepatic disease, acute abdomen, and protein‐losing enteropathy. The diversity of the assays available to measure CRP in dogs is nearly as numerous as the diseases in which serum concentrations of this protein are increased. Assay methodologies include laser nephelometric immunoassays, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, immunoturbidimetric assays, and time‐resolved immunofluorometric assays. While many of these assays are acceptable for clinical use in the dog, the same assay and analyzer should be used to measure a patient's CRP concentration longitudinally. By looking at the uses of CRP in human gastroenterology, including reducing the duration of antibiotic therapy, the veterinary profession can gain insight into novel ways in which serum CRP concentration measurements might be applied in veterinary medicine in the future.
Combined prick and patch tests for diagnosis of food hypersensitivity in dogs with chronic pruritus
Authors: Possebom Juliane , Cruz Ariane , Gmyterco Vanessa Cunningham , de Farias Marconi Rodrigues 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that patch testing with food extracts can assist formulation of elimination diets (ED) in human patients with suspected adverse food reactions (AFR). Little is known about the use of these tests in dogs.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of prick and patch testing in current protocols, and food challenge (FC) tests in dogs with AFR.Methods and materialsPrick and patch tests were performed on 21 dogs with chronic, nonseasonal pruritus. Dogs then were fed an ED formulated on the basis of the results. All dogs with improved clinical signs then were challenged with a food to which there had been a positive reaction in the tests. Six dogs subsequently were challenged with a food to which they had been negative on testing. Pruritus Visual Analog Scale (pVAS) and Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index, 4th iteration (CADESI‐04) were evaluated on Day (D)0, D30 and D60 of the ED. Sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values, and the Kappa (κ)value were calculated.ResultsOf the 21 dogs, there was a significant mean improvement in pVAS and CADESI‐04 scores in 16 (76%) dogs after D30 (P < 0.01) and D60 (P < 0.01) of the ED. There were no statistical differences between D30 and D60. The combination of tests had SE, SP, PPV, NPV and κ values of 80%, 66.7%, 66.7%, 80% and –0.17, respectively.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe combination of prick and patch testing reached high values of SE and NPV. A diagnosis of AFR was made in 76% of the dogs, and test results were useful for the selection of an ED.
Integration of text messaging interventions into hypertension management among older adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tam Hon Lon , Leung Leona Yuen Ling , Wong Eliza Mi Ling , Cheung Kin , Chan Alex Siu Wing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn aging population and required hypertension control are global concerns that burden the healthcare system. Text messaging interventions have been developed to support hypertension management, but their effects on the older population are unknown.ObjectivesThis review aimed to identify the effects of a text messaging intervention on hypertension management among older adults.MethodsFour English and two Chinese databases with randomized controlled trials published between January 2010 and December 2020 were searched. The mean age of the participants was 60 years or above. Participants were also diagnosed with hypertension. The Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool was used for the critical appraisal. Data in each study were extracted, and a meta‐analysis was presented in terms of mean difference (MD) and standardized mean difference (SMD).ResultsA total of 1670 records were screened, of which six were included in the final review. The intervention of the included studies lasted up to 6 months, and one‐way text messaging was commonly used. Meta‐analysis showed that a text messaging intervention significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (MD = −6.11, p < .01) but not diastolic blood pressure. Regarding medication adherence, a moderate effect was noted with the use of text messaging among older adults with hypertension (SMD = 0.65, p = .01).Linking Evidence to ActionA text messaging intervention can improve hypertension management among older adults. The standardized content of one‐way text messaging is suggested to be delivered weekly.
Patient expectations and preferences for community‐based hypertension classes with implications for action
Authors: Bulgin Dominique , Biola Holly R. , Whitney Colette A. , Bakovic Melanie , Kang Yunah , Raman Rohith Sai , Eck Cameron , Caesar Awanya , Chaplin Joan , Eisenson Howard , Granger Bradi B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundUncontrolled hypertension disproportionately affects Black men. Patient engagement with health promotion and health behavior programs for hypertension control is low. We held evidence‐based hypertension classes at a Federally Qualified Health Center.AimsThe aim of this project was to elicit patient preferences and expectations for community‐based hypertension classes.MethodsGroup hypertension classes were held at a Federally Qualified Health Center. The priority population was Black men with hypertension. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with the group class attendees. Two independent coders performed content analysis using field notes from the interviews.ResultsSeven group class attendees were interviewed. Six interviewees were Black males, one was a Black female, and the mean age was 65.7 years. Content analysis of the interview field notes revealed five content areas: (1) Recommendation of Group Classes to a Friend, (2) Expectations for the Group Classes, (3) Reasons for Continued Attendance, (4) Lifestyle Changes and Adopting the Group Class Lessons, and (5) Feedback and Recommendations to Improve Group Classes. Findings suggest that creating a cultural context in which open, transparent discussion of blood pressure occur can be achieved. Thus, regarding acceptability, classes fulfilled and often exceeded the attendees’ expectations and needs.Linking Evidence to ActionOur findings suggest that community‐based group classes are a viable intervention to contribute toward addressing the disparity of hypertension control among Black men. When designing peer‐group interventions, taking patient preferences and expectations into account increases the effectiveness of these interventions. The qualitative narrative provided in this paper contributes to the development of similar community‐based group classes for the management of severe hypertension.
Virtual simulation debriefing in health professions education: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Garmaise-Yee Joy , Houston Christine , Johnson Tonia , Sarmiento Stephanie 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to identify and map the existing literature on virtual simulation debriefing methods utilized in health professions education.

Introduction:
Virtual simulation has emerged as a feasible alternative to in-person learning, allowing learners to continue their education despite constraints of space, finances, and clinical placement opportunities. Virtual simulation has proven to be a vital resource for health care students during the COVID-19 pandemic. While virtual simulation provides students with continued opportunities to develop knowledge and critical thinking in a safe environment, debriefing is a crucial step for successful knowledge uptake and deeper learning. Several studies have examined this topic in various health care settings; however, there are currently no scoping reviews that have explored virtual simulation debriefing in health professions education.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider primary and secondary source articles that explore debriefing of virtual simulation within any undergraduate or graduate health education programs. Any setting that provides virtual simulation and debriefing, in any country, will be included.

Methods:
The review will be conducted in accordance with JBI methodology for scoping reviews and will search the following databases: Cochrane Library, JBI Evidence-based Practice Database, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Epistemonikos, Embase, ERIC, PsycINFO, Nursing and Allied Health Database, and Web of Science. Studies published from 2016 onward will be considered. The data extracted will include specific details about the concept, context, studymethod, and critical findings relevant to the review objective. Data will be presented in diagrammatic or tabular format in a manner that aligns with the objective of this scoping review.

Scoping review registration: :
Open Science Framework https://osf.io/36s5x
A Hybrid Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian Formulation for the Investigation of the Stability of Pipes Conveying Fluid and Axially Moving Beams
Authors: Pieber Michael , Ntarladima Konstantina , Winkler Robert , Gerstmayr Johannes 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This work addresses pipes conveying fluid and axially moving beams undergoing large deformations. A novel two-dimensional beam finite element is presented, based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) with an extra Eulerian coordinate to describe axial motion. The resulting formulation is well known as the arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) method, which is often used to model axially moving beams and pipes conveying fluid. The proposed approach, which is derived from an extended version of Lagrange's equations of motion, allows for the investigation of the stability of pipes conveying fluid and axially moving beams for a certain axial velocity and stationary state of large deformation. Additionally, a multibody modeling approach allows us to extend the beam formulation for comoving discrete masses, which represent concentrated masses attached to the beam, e.g., gondolas in ropeway systems, or transported masses in conveyor belts. Within numerical investigations, we show that axially moving beams and a larger number of discrete masses behave similarly as in the case of beams with evenly distributed mass.
Quality improvement project to improve patient outcomes by reducing door to CT and door to needle time and increasing appropriate referrals for endovascular thrombectomy.
Authors: Hennebry Jennifer , Stoneman Sinead , Jones Breda , Bambrick Nicola , Stroiescu Andreea , Crosbie Ian , Mulcahy Riona 
Published: January 2022

This paper describes a stroke quality improvement (QI) project in a primary stroke centre in a 431-bed hospital serving a local population of 114 000 people. Approximately 170 acute strokes are treated each year in a seven-bed stroke unit managed by three geriatricians with a subspecialty interest in stroke. 24-hour CT radiology service is available. Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is performed by neuro-interventional radiology at one of two comprehensive stroke centres located 90–120 min away.In 2018, as part of a national collaborative QI initiative a new national thrombectomy referral pathway was introduced with an aim that all eligible patients be referred for EVT. This initiative included maximising timely access to CT and thrombolysis. Review of local data highlighted significant deficits in these areas.A local QI team convened and a multidisciplinary approach was employed to map the existing process for CT access and time to thrombolysis decision.We describe how focused timesaving interventions such as; new emergency and radiology department ‘pre-alerts’, dedicated acute stroke pagers, new ‘FAST’ registration by clerical staff, new CT ordering codes and new ‘FAST packs’ (including tissue plasminogen activator, paper National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scoring tools, consent forms and EVT patient selection tools) were created and incorporated into a multidisciplinary detailed clinical stroke care pathway.We describe how we achieved our SMART aims; to reduce our door to CT time and to reduce our door to needle time to the national target of less than 30 min. A third aim was to increase the number of patients referred for EVT from our centre.This project is an accurate description of how a multidisciplinary approach combined with teamwork and effective communication can create sustainable improved patient care and is generalisable to all institutions that require timely referral to external centres for EVT.
Are muscle fiber types different between normal and dark-cutting beef?
Authors: Roy Bimol C. , Mahmood Shahid , Bruce Heather L. 
Published: January 2022

Muscle fiber (MF) characteristics of longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles from heifer (n = 11) and steer (n = 12) carcasses graded Canada AA (AA, normal, n = 4 per sex) or dark-cutting (Canada B4) were examined and related to beef quality. Atypical (AB4, pH < 5.9, n = 4 per sex) and typical (TB4, pH > 5.9, n = 3 and 4 for heifers and steers, respectively) dark-cutting carcasses were represented. Muscle fiber type proportions did not differ between AA, AB4, and TB4 muscles, although type I and IIB muscle fiber diameters were greater in TB4 than in AA LT. That AB4 muscle fiber proportions were not different from AA and TB4 muscles suggests that the increased MF diameter of TB4 muscle was due to water retained by muscle proteins at high ultimate pH, as evidenced by decreased cooking loss. Dark-cutting was therefore unrelated to muscle fiber proportions, and increased type I and IIB diameters in dark cutting LT were likely driven by elevated intramuscular ultimate pH.
Rotational grazing increases purple prairie clover frequency in the rangeland plant communities under semi-arid environment
Authors: Zhao Tianqi , Iwaasa Alan D. 
Published: January 2022

Purple prairie clover (PPC, Dalea purpurea Vent.) is a grazing tolerant perennial legume with good nutritional quality and is widely distributed across North America. Deferred rotational grazing (DR) and continuous grazing (CG) are the most widespread grazing systems on North American grasslands. We conducted a 10 yr grazing study to assess the effects of environmental factors and grazing on the frequency of PPC in plant communities. The results showed that the frequency of PPC decreased and then increased with increasing precipitation under CG (P < 0.05), while there was no significant change under DR (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, PPC frequency increased with temperature under DR (P < 0.05), but did not change under CG (P > 0.05). Both grazing systems and the number of grazing years had a significant effect on PPC frequency (P < 0.05), and there is no interaction between those two factors (P > 0.05). We found that from 2011 to 2020, the growth rate of PPC population is 18.24% and 11.69% per year under DR and CG grazing, respectively. Moreover, after 10 yr of grazing, the PPC increase in DR was 22.86% higher than that of CG. Thus, selecting the DR grazing system can increase PPC and is an effective practice for coping with environmental changes.
Neutrino interaction measurements with the MicroBooNE and ArgoNeuT liquid argon time projection chambers
Authors: Duffy K. E. , Furmanski A. P. , Gramellini E. , Palamara O. , Soderberg M. , Yang T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrecise modeling of neutrino interactions on argon is crucial for the success of future experiments such as the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) and the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program, which will use liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) technology. Argon is a large nucleus, and nuclear effects—both on the initial and final-state particles in the interaction—are expected to be large in neutrino–argon interactions. Therefore, measurements of neutrino scattering cross sections on argon will be of particular importance to future DUNE and SBN oscillation measurements. This article presents a review of neutrino–argon interaction measurements from the MicroBooNE and ArgoNeuT collaborations, using two LArTPC detectors that have collected data in the NuMI and Booster Neutrino Beams at Fermilab. Measurements are presented of charged-current muon neutrino scattering in the inclusive channel, the ‘0$$\pi $$
π
’ channel (in which no pions but some number of protons may be produced), and single pion production (including production of both charged and neutral pions). Measurements of electron neutrino scattering are presented in the form of $$\nu _e+\bar{\nu }_e$$

ν
e

+

ν

¯

e

inclusive scattering cross sections.
Carbon cycle perturbation and mercury anomalies in terrestrial Oceanic Anoxic Event 1b from Jiuquan Basin, NW China
Authors: Zhao Xiangdong , Zheng Daran , Wang He , Fang Yanan , Xue Naihua , Zhang Haichun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE) 1b is well documented in western Tethys; however, records in Eurasia are still lacking. Here, we carried out high-resolution organic carbon isotope (δ
13
C
org
), total organic carbon (TOC) content and mercury (Hg) concentration analysis of the lacustrine sediments from the Xiagou and Zhonggou formations in the Hanxiagou section of the Jiuquan Basin, NW China. The lacustrine δ
13
C
org
curve presents three stages of negative excursions above the basalt layer dated at 112.4 ± 0.3 Ma in the lowermost Zhonggou Formation. The three negative δ
13
C
org
excursions correspond well with the three sub-events (Kilian, Paquier and Leenhardt) of the OAE 1b in the Poggio le Guaine (central Italy), Vocontian Basin (SE France) and St Rosa Canyon (NE Mexico) sections, supporting the record of the terrestrial OAE 1b in the Jiuquan Basin. Five mercury enrichment intervals in Hg/TOC ratios were recognized, indicating that the pulsed volcanism from the Southern Kerguelen Plateau likely triggered OAE 1b. However, the decoupling between negative isotopic excursion shifts and mercury enrichments, signifying another carbon reservoir (with no link to mercury), probably contributed to the global carbon cycle perturbation during the OAE 1b period. Our results provide direct evidence to link OAE 1b and the terrestrial ecosystem in Eurasia.
Abstract IA-04: Leveraging the potential of artificial and machine learning technologies to address cancer health disparities
Authors: Dankwa-Mullan Irene 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
How can we realize the potential of artificial intelligence and machine learning for addressing cancer inequities and advancing cancer health disparities research? This presentation will discuss areas where bias can be introduced into the AI and machine learning design, development, implementation, use and standardization for cancer care. What are the factors that contribute to bias in the research continuum and how can we mitigate them? The presentation will provide some promising and actionable examples of how we can leverage the transformative potential of AI and machine learning to address cancer health disparities.
Citation Format: Irene Dankwa-Mullan. Leveraging the potential of artificial and machine learning technologies to address cancer health disparities [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-04.
Abstract IA-07: Genetic ancestry and lung cancer somatic mutations in patients of Latin American descent: Etiology and treatment implications
Authors: Carrot-Zhang Jian , Soca-Chafre Giovanny , Patterson Nick , Thorner Aaron , Nag Anwesha , Watson Jacqueline , Genovese Giulio , Rodriguez July , Gelbard Maya , Corrales-Rodriguez Luis , Mitsuishi Yoichiro , Ha Gavin , Campbell Joshua , Oxnard Geoffrey , Arrieta Oscar , Cardona Andres , Gusev Alexander , Meyerson Matthew 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Inherited lung cancer risk, particularly in nonsmokers, is poorly understood. In particular, the frequency of somatic EGFR and KRAS mutations in lung cancer varies by ethnicity. Somatic EGFR mutation rates are higher in lung cancers from patients with East Asian ancestry and lower in patients with European or African ancestry. Somatic KRAS mutation rates show the opposite pattern. In patients from Latin America, somatic lung cancer EGFR mutation rates vary by country, highest in countries with more Native American ancestry. To ask whether the somatic genome in lung cancer is affected by ethnicity related germline risk, we studied genomes from 1,153 lung cancers from Mexico and Colombia. This study revealed striking associations between ancestry and somatic lung cancer alterations, including tumor mutational burden, and specific driver mutations in EGFR, KRAS, and STK11. A local ancestry score was more strongly correlated with EGFR mutation frequency compared with global ancestry correlation, suggesting that germline genetics (rather than environmental exposure) underlie these disparities. Our study suggests that the variation in EGFR and KRAS mutation frequency in lung cancer is associated with genetic ancestry in patients from Latin America, and suggests further studies to identify germline alleles that underpin this association. If we find a germline locus, this might help in improving lung cancer prevention and screening for populations of Latin American origin and others. Furthermore, multiple studies now highlight the special importance of EGFR mutation screening and EGFR-directed targeted therapy for lung cancer patients in Latin America and with origins in Latin America.
Citation Format: Jian Carrot-Zhang, Giovanny Soca-Chafre, Nick Patterson, Aaron Thorner, Anwesha Nag, Jacqueline Watson, Giulio Genovese, July Rodriguez, Maya Gelbard, Luis Corrales-Rodriguez, Yoichiro Mitsuishi, Gavin Ha, Joshua Campbell, Geoffrey Oxnard, Oscar Arrieta, Andres Cardona, Alexander Gusev, Matthew Meyerson. Genetic ancestry and lung cancer somatic mutations in patients of Latin American descent: Etiology and treatment implications [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-07.