bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Simultaneous Dual-Task Training on Regional Cerebral Blood
Flow in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Kunieda Yota , Arakawa Chiaki , Yamada Takumi , Koyama Shingo , Suzuki Mizue , Ishiyama Daisuke , Yamada Minoru , Hirokawa Ryuto , Matsuda Tadamitsu , Nio Shintaro , Adachi Tomohide , Hoshino Haruhiko , Fujiwara Toshiyuki 
Published: June 2022

Background:
No previous study has examined the effect of dual-task training using changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) as an outcome.

Objective:
This study aimed to examine the effects of simultaneous dual-task training of exercise and cognitive tasks on rCBF using SPECT in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).

Methods:
In this non-randomized control trial, 40 older adults with aMCI participated from May 2016 to April 2018. Outpatients in the intervention group (n = 22) underwent 24 sessions (12 months) of dual-task training twice a month for 60 mins per session. Participants in the control group (n = 18) continued to have regular outpatient visits. The primary outcome was rCBF at baseline and after 12 months, which was compared in each group using the two-sample t-test. The secondary outcomes were the rate of reversion and conversion from aMCI after 12 months.

Results:
Of the 22 participants in the intervention group, six dropped out; therefore, 16 were included in the analysis. The intervention group showed more significant increases in rCBF in multiple regions, including the bilateral frontal lobes, compared with the control group. However, the rates of reversion or conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were not significantly different.

Conclusions:
Dual-task training for older adults with aMCI increased rCBF in the frontal gyrus but did not promote reversion from MCI to normal cognition. Future intervention studies, such as follow-up examinations after the intervention, are warranted to consider long-term prognosis.
Neurobiology of Dream Activity and Effects of Stimulants on Dream
Authors: Murillo-Rodríguez Eric , Coronado-Álvarez Astrid , López-Muciño Luis Angel , Pastrana-Trejo José Carlos , Viana-Torre Gerardo , Barberena Juan José , Soriano-Nava Daniela Marcia , García-García Fabio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
The sleep-wake cycle is the result of the activity of multiple neurobiological network interactions.
The dreaming feature is one interesting sleep on that represents sensorial components,
mostly visual perceptions, accompaniedby intense emotions. Further complexity has been added to
the topic of the neurobiological mechanism of dream generation by the current data suggesting
drugs' influence on dream generation. Here, we discuss the review of some of the neurobiological
mechanisms of the regulation of dream activity, with special emphasis on the effects of stimulants
on dreaming.
Antidepressant Drugs for Seizures and Epilepsy: Where do we Stand?
Authors: Tallarico Martina , Pisano Maria , Leo Antonio , Russo Emilio , Citraro Rita , De Sarro Giovambattista 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
People with epilepsy (PWE) are more likely to develop depression and both these complex
chronic diseases greatly affect health-related quality of life (QOL). This comorbidity contributes
to the deterioration of the QOL further than increasing the severity of epilepsy worsening prognosis.
Strong scientific evidence suggests the presence of shared pathogenic mechanisms. The correct
identification and management of these factors are crucial in order to improve patients’ QOL.
This review article discusses recent original research on the most common pathogenic mechanisms
of depression in PWE and highlights the effects of antidepressant drugs (ADs) against seizures in
PWE and animal models of seizures and epilepsy. Newer ADs, such as selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SRRI) or serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRI), particularly sertraline,
citalopram, mirtazapine, reboxetine, paroxetine, fluoxetine, escitalopram, fluvoxamine, venlafaxine,
duloxetine may lead to improvements in epilepsy severity whereas the use of older tricyclic antidepressant
(TCAs) can increase the occurrence of seizures. Most of the data demonstrate the acute effects
of ADs in animal models of epilepsy while there is a limited number of studies about the
chronic antidepressant effects in epilepsy and epileptogenesis or on clinical efficacy. Much longer
treatments are needed in order to validate the effectiveness of these new alternatives in the treatment
and the development of epilepsy, while further clinical studies with appropriate protocols are warranted
in order to understand the real potential contribution of these drugs in the management of
PWE (besides their effects on mood).
Analysis of Interaction Between Odorant Receptors and Flexible Spike of
SARS CoV-2- Key to Loss of Smell
Authors: Anwar Firoz , Altayeb Hisham , Alhayyani Sultan , Kumar Vikas , Al-Abbasi Fahad A , Ashraf Ghulam Md 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The development of a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 is primarily focused on the
structure of the spike (S) protein. The heavy glycosylation of S with flexible hinges at the stalk
shields from antibody attachment.

Objective:
This study deciphers the flexible nature of hinges responsible for binding the odorant receptor
on neurons responsible for the loss of smell in COVID-19 patients.

Methods:
The 3D structure via EPIK in Maestro, protein docking with ligands via Maestro protein
analysis tool, and molecular dynamic simulation at 30 ns run using DESMOND was prepared.

Results:
The data of the study strongly suggest that strong and stable bond formation results from the
reaction between R:14: Trp and Phe at the residue, targeting the flexible hinges of SARS-CoV-2. The
difference in the conformational structure of the S protein and its binding with the odorant receptor in
COVID-19 is the prime factor for the loss of smell and taste in patients, as supported by the concept of
Antigen (epitope) Antibody interaction by the stable formation of a hydrogen bond among odorant receptor
and the S protein. The flexibility of structural proteins determines the binding potential of antibodies
or other defense proteins produced to participate in the antigen-antibody reaction.

Conclusion:
Molecular and atomic details potentiate the design and screening of small molecules
that can inhibit the fusion at entry level or odorant receptors and potentially be used in the prevention
and treatment of infection, particularly when formulated as nasal drops, paving a new approach
for pharmacologists in the treatment of COVID-19 infection.
Mitophagy and Neuroinflammation: A Compelling Interplay
Authors: Charmpilas Nikolaos , Fang Evandro Fei , Palikaras Konstantinos 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Mitochondria are the main sites of energy production and a major source of metabolic
stress. Not surprisingly, impairment of mitochondrial homeostasis is strongly associated with the development
and progression of a broad spectrum of human pathologies, including neurodegenerative
disorders. Mitophagy mediates the selective degradation of damaged organelles, thus promoting cellular
viability and tissue integrity. Defective mitophagy triggers cellular senescence and prolonged neuroinflammation,
leading eventually to cell death and brain homeostasis collapse. Here, we survey the
intricate interplay between mitophagy and neuroinflammation, highlighting that mitophagy can be a
focal point for therapeutic interventions to tackle neurodegeneration.
Barriers and Facilitators to Diabetes Self-Management in Pregnant Women with Pre-existing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review
Authors: Phonyiam Ratchanok 
Published: June 2022

Background:Pregnant women with pre-existing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at risk of poor maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Previous systematic reviews on pregnant women with T2DM have focused on physical activity, blood glucose monitoring, and insulin injections.Objective:The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the barriers and facilitators to diabetes self-management in pregnant women with pre-existing type 2 diabetes mellitus.Method:PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases were searched using the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Inclusion criteria included manuscripts written in English and qualitative studies. Consensus statements were excluded. A metasummary was used to identify patterns in barriers and facilitators across studies. A vote-counting method was used to summarize qualitative findings.Results:A total of ten qualitative publications were selected. This review suggests four themes describing barriers, including barriers to diabetes self-management in pregnancy, stress related to pregnancy with diabetes, a barrier to access to health care, and sensing a loss of control. The fifth theme described facilitators of diabetes self-management in pregnancy.Conclusion:This supports an integrative model of maternity care and culturally relevant practices to overcome critical barriers and optimize key facilitators to enhance diabetes self-management behaviors and improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
Barriers to Condom Use among Female Sex Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Omidi Tahereh , Oshnouei Sima , Mahdi-Akhgar Masomeh , Mohammadian-Khoshnoud Maryam , Mohammadi Younes 
Published: June 2022

Background:Sex without a condom poses the highest risk of sexually transmitted infections among (STIs) female sex workers (FSWs).Objectives:This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the evidence related to barriers to condom use among FSWs.Methods:We searched Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus using keywords, such as “condom use” and “sex worker” and the related synonyms. The pooled effect size was expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs using a random-effects model.Results:Of the 5,854 studies obtained in the initial search, 35 with a sample size of 14,218 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. Three factors identified in studies, i.e., marital status (OR = 1.15; 95%CI [0.74, 1.50]), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.22; 95%CI [0.84, 1.59]), and STIs knowledge (OR = 1.07; 95%CI [0.54, 1.59]), were not significantly associated with not using condom among FSWs. Also, 7 factors identified in studies, i.e., history of violence (OR = 1.84; 95%CI [1.36, 2.31]), history of sexual abuse (OR = 1.87; 95%CI [1.36, 2.38]), history of STIs (OR = 1.54; 95%CI [1.10, 1.97]), HIV risk perception (OR = 1.81; 95% CI [1.58, 2.05]), knowledge of condom use (OR = 1.53; 95%CI [1.15, 1.91]), drug use (OR = 1.62; 95%CI [1.10, 2.14]), and condom use self-efficacy (OR = 1.75; 95%CI [1.52, 1.98]), were significantly associated with not using condom among FSWs.Conclusion:Many factors affect condom use among FSWs. However, in this study, the history of sexual abuse, history of violence, and HIV risk perception were identified as the main barriers to condom use among FSWs.
Cancer Stem Cells and Chemoresistance in Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: dos Santos Rafael Pereira , Roesler Rafael , Gregianin Lauro , Brunetto André T. , da Cunha Jaeger Mariane , Lunardi Brunetto Algemir , de Farias Caroline Brunetto 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Resistance to chemotherapy poses a major challenge for cancer treatment. Reactivating a stem
cell program resembling that seen in embryonic development can lead cancer cells to acquire a stem-cell
phenotype characterized by expression of stemness genes, pluripotency, high self-renewal ability, and
tumor-initiating capability. These cancer stem cells (CSCs) are usually resistant to anticancer drugs and
are likely involved in treatment failure in many cancer types. Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a pediatric cancer
type typically resulting from a typical genetic alteration affecting bone or soft tissues. Despite advances in
treatment, survival prognostic remains poor for patients with refractory or recurrent disease. Here, we
review the increasing evidence indicating that ES tumors contain a CSC subpopulation expressing stem
cell genes, including BM1, OCT3/4, NANOG, and SOX2, that plays a role in resistance to drug treatment,
and current experimental strategies that successfully counteract chemoresistance mediated by CSCs in
ES.
Label-free Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Ascorbic Acid-induced
Differentially Expressed Osteoblast-related Proteins in Dental Pulp Stem
Cells from Deciduous and Permanent Teeth
Authors: Zainol Abidin Intan Zarina , Manogaran Thanaletchumi , Abdul Wahab Rohaya Megat , Karsani Saiful Anuar , Yazid Muhammad Dain , Yazid Farinawati , Ariffin Zaidah Zainal , Johari Anis Nabilah , Zainal Ariffin Shahrul Hisham 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Proteomic is capable of elucidating complex biological systems through protein
expression, function, and interaction under a particular condition.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the potential of ascorbic acid alone in inducing differentially
expressed osteoblast-related proteins in dental stem cells via the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/
mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach.

Methods:
The cells were isolated from deciduous (SHED) and permanent teeth (DPSC) and induced with
10 μg/mL of ascorbic acid. Bone mineralisation and osteoblast gene expression were determined using
von Kossa staining and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The label-free protein samples
were harvested on days 7 and 21, followed by protein identification and quantification using LC-MS/MS.
Based on the similar protein expressed throughout treatment and controls for SHED and DPSC, overall
biological processes followed by osteoblast-related protein abundance were determined using the PANTHER
database. STRING database was performed to determine differentially expressed proteins as candidates
for SHED and DPSC during osteoblast development.

Results:
Both cells indicated brownish mineral stain and expression of osteoblast-related genes on day 21.
Overall, a total of 700 proteins were similar among all treatments on days 7 and 21, with 482 proteins
appearing in the PANTHER database. Osteoblast-related protein abundance indicated 31 and 14 proteins
related to SHED and DPSC, respectively. Further analysis by the STRING database identified only 22
and 11 proteins from the respective group. Differential expressed analysis of similar proteins from these
two groups revealed ACTN4 and ACTN1 as proteins involved in both SHED and DPSC. In addition,
three (PSMD11/RPN11, PLS3, and CLIC1) and one (SYNCRIP) protein were differentially expressed
specifically for SHED and DPSC, respectively.

Conclusion:
Proteome differential expression showed that ascorbic acid alone could induce osteoblastrelated
proteins in SHED and DPSC and generate specific differentially expressed protein markers.
Overview of Stem Cell Therapy in Intervertebral Disc Disease: Clinical
Perspective
Authors: Hajiesmailpoor Ayshe , Mohamadi Omid , Farzanegan Gholamreza , Emami Payam , Ghorbani Masoud 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Intervertebral disc degeneration [IDD] is recognized as an aging process, important and most common pathological condition caused by an imbalance of anabolic and catabolic metabolisms in the intervertebral disc [IVD] and leads to changes in the extracellular matrix [ECM], impaired metabolic regulation of nucleus pulposus [NP], and increased oxidative stress. IDD is mostly associated with pain in the back and neck, which is referred to as a type of disability. Pharmacological and surgical interventions are currently used to treat IDD, but evidence has shown that these interventions do not have the ability to inhibit the progression of IDD and restore IVD function because IVD lack the intrinsic capacity for regeneration. Thus, therapies that rely on a degenerative cell repair mechanism may be a viable alternative strategy. Biological interventions have been assessed by attempting to regenerate IVD by restoring ECM and cellular function. Over the past decade, stem cell-based therapies have been considered and promising results have been obtained in various studies. Given this, we reviewed clinical trials and preliminary studies of biological disc repair with a focus on stem cell therapy-based therapies.
Effects of Growth Factors on the Differentiation of Dental Stem Cells: A
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Part I)
Authors: Shamszadeh Sayna , Shirvani Armin , Torabzadeh Hassan , Asgary Saeed 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
To evaluate the biological interaction between dental stem cells (DSCs) and
different growth factors in the field of regenerative endodontics.

Methods:
A systematic search was conducted in the electronic databases up to October 2021. This study
followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Ex vivo studies evaluating the biological interactions of DSCs and growth factors were included. The
meta-analysis was performed according to the type of growth factor. The outcomes were cell viability/
proliferation and mineralization. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were estimated using the
random-effect maximum-likelihood method (P < .05). Additional analysis was performed to find any
potential source of heterogeneity.

Results:
Twenty articles were included in the systematic review; meta-analysis was performed for fibroblast
growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and Transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-β1) (n = 5). Results showed that
use of FGF-2 significantly increased cell proliferation on day 1-(SMD = 3.56, P = 0.00), 3-(SMD = 9.04,
P = 0.00), 5-(SMD = 8.37, P = 0.01), and 7 (SMD=8.51, P=0.00) than the control group. TGF-ß1 increased
alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity more than control only on day 3 (SMD = 3.68, P = 0.02).
TGF-β1 had no significant effect on cell proliferation on days 1 and 3 (P > 0.05) and on ALP activity on
days 5 and 7 (P > 0.05). Meta-regression analysis showed that different covariates (i.e., cell type, passage
number, and growth factors' concentration) could significantly influence the effect sizes at different follow-
ups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Specific growth factors might enhance the proliferation and mineralization of DSCs; however,
the obtained evidence was weak. Due to the high heterogeneity among the included studies, other
growth factors' inhibitory/stimulatory effects on DSCs could not be evaluated.
Anti-Allergic Effects of Quercetin and Quercetin Liposomes in RBL-2H3
Cells
Authors: Zhang Yanhui , Guan Rongfa , Huang Haizhi 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Quercetin is a kind of flavonoid with important bioactivities, such as
hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic properties. Although it is
unstable, it is worth exploring how to better exert its anti-allergic effect.

Objective:
The current study aimed to elucidate the anti-allergic effect of quercetin liposomes on
RBL-2H3 cells in vitro.

Methods:
Quercetin liposomes were prepared to improve the anti-allergic activity of quercetin
through a green thin-film dispersion method. We compared the anti-allergic effects of quercetin
and quercetin liposomes in RBL-2H3 cells. The anti-allergic activity of the quercetin liposomes
was evaluated by the level of β-hexosaminidase, histamine, Ca2+, IL-4, IL-8, and MCP-1.

Results:
The results showed that quercetin liposomes could significantly restrain the release of
β-hexosaminidase and histamine, calcium influx, and the expression of inflammatory factors,
whose effect is stronger than quercetin.

Conclusion:
Collectively, our research suggests that the quercetin liposome can be used as a
potential allergy antagonist.
A 2.5-Year Weight Management Program Using Noom Health: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sysko Robyn , Bibeau Jessica , Boyar Allison , Costello Kayla , Michaelides Andreas , Mitchell Ellen Siobhan , Susanin Annabel , Hildebrandt Tom 
Published: June 2022

Background
Overweight and obesity are serious public health concerns. As the prevalence of excess weight among individuals continues to increase, there is a parallel need for inexpensive, highly accessible, and evidence-based weight loss programs.

Objective
This weight loss trial will aim to examine the efficacy of the Noom weight loss program in comparison to a digital control after a 6-month intervention phase and a 24-month maintenance phase, with assessments continuing for 2 years beyond the intervention (to 30 months—after the baseline). The secondary outcomes include quality of life, psychosocial functioning, sleep quality, physical activity, diet, and health status. This trial will also examine the severity of obesity-related functional impairment, weight loss history, and demographic moderators, along with adherence and self-efficacy as mediators of the outcome.

Methods
A total of 600 participants were randomized in a parallel-group, controlled trial to either Noom Healthy Weight Program (intervention) or Noom Healthy Weight Control (control) for a 6-month intervention. Both intervention and control groups include diet and exercise recommendations, educational content, daily logging capabilities, and daily weigh-in entries. The Noom Healthy Weight Program also includes a coach support for weight loss. Remote follow-up assessments of eating, physical activity, psychosocial factors, app use data, and weight will be conducted at 1, 4, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30 months after baseline. Weight is measured at each follow-up point during a Zoom call using the participants’ scales.

Results
Enrollment began in March 2021 and the 6-month intervention phase ended in March 2022. Data collection for the final assessment will be completed in March 2024.

Conclusions
This study tests commercially available digital lifestyle interventions for individuals with overweight and obesity seeking weight loss support. Data obtained from the study will evaluate whether the Noom Healthy Weight Control Program can help individuals overcome weight loss, achieve long-term maintenance, adhere to lifestyle changes, and feature use barriers that are present in other traditional weight loss treatments.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04797169; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04797169

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/37541