bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible and Parallel Architectures for Optimal Ate pairing on FPGA
Authors: Azzouzi Oussama , Anane Mohamed , Koudil Mouloud , Issad Mohamed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper presents three approaches for the implementation of Optimal Ate pairing based on Jacobean coordinates, over Barreto-Naehrig curves, targeting the 128 bits security level, in Genesys board. The first approach is a fully software implementation using MicroBlaze processor. The second approach is software/hardware implementation, in which the most useful operations in \({\varvec{F}}_{\varvec{p}}\) and \({\varvec{F}}_{{\varvec{p}}^{2}}\) are coded as intellectual property cores around the Microblaze. The third approach is based on the second in which we exploit the parallelism that exists to compute Optimal Ate pairing. The integration of multi-MicroBlaze processor in single architecture allows not only the flexibility of the overall system but also the parallelism to speed up pairing. Various techniques and parameters are used and combined to compute Optimal Ate in efficient way, namely: Montgomery modular multiplication, Karatsuba method, Jacobean coordinate, Complex method for squaring, Sparse multiplication, squaring in the cyclotomic subgroup \({\varvec{G}}_{\varvec{\varphi }6}\left({\varvec{F}}_{{\varvec{p}}^{12}}\right)\) and addition chain method. Our flexible and parallel systems are dedicated for restricted environment resources with a reasonable execution time.
Riverine fish species diversity in a biodiversity hotspot region under climate change impacts: distribution shifts and conservation needs
Authors: Makki Toktam , Mostafavi Hossein , Matkan Ali Akbar , Valavi Roozbeh , Hughes Robert M , Shadloo Shabnam , Aghighi Hossein , Abdoli Asghar , Teimori Azad , Eagderi Soheil , Coad Brian W 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The future changes in the spatial distribution and richness of 131 riverine fish species were investigated at 1481 sites in Iran under optimistic and pessimistic climate change scenarios of 2050 and 2080. The maximum entropy model was used to predict species’ potential distribution under current and future climate conditions. The hydrologic unit (HU) occupancy of the target species through the use of nine environmental variables was modeled. The most important variable determining fish occupancy was HU location, followed by elevation, climate variables, and slope. Thirty-seven species decrease potential habitat occupancy in all future scenarios. The southern Caspian HU faces the highest future species reductions. The southern Caspian HU, western Zagros, and northwestern Iran will be at higher risk for species richness reduction. Managers could use these results to plan conservational strategies to ease the movement and dispersal of species, especially those that are at risk of extinction or invasion.
Fishing Songs from Kilwa Kisiwani, Tanzania: A Case Study of Intangible Marine Cultural Heritage on the Swahili Coast
Authors: Lubao Claudia , Ichumbaki Elgidius 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Fishers (both men and women) engage in different activities ranging from preparing fishing equipment (traps, nets, fishing vessels), weather forecasting, and sailing to fishing grounds. While sailing, fishers can paddle collaboratively when the wind is low and, if the boat is leaking, some crew bail the vessel. Once they arrive at the fishing grounds, fishers cast anchor, mend the fishnets, and fix the boat foresheets. If successful, the fishers collect their catch, weigh the anchor, and return to shore and prepare to sell their fish. These fishing activities are accompanied by maritime customs, traditions, rituals, stories, and gestures. One key tradition accompanying the fishing process from the start to the end is singing. This paper documents and present the songs that are part of the fishing process in Kilwa Kisiwani, along the southern coast of Tanzania. The fishing songs of Kilwa Kisiwani are presented in the context of intangible cultural heritage of the east African Swahili coast.
Eating disorders in sexual minority adolescents and young adults: examining clinical characteristics and psychiatric co-morbidities in an inpatient medical setting
Authors: Chaphekar Anita , Downey Amanda , Garber Andrea , Kuykendall Mikayla , Bojorquez-Ramirez Paola , Ganson Kyle , Buckelew Sara , Nagata Jason 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Sexual minority adolescents and young adults are at higher risk of eating disorders compared to heterosexual peers. However, little is known about the clinical and psychiatric presentation of this population requiring inpatient medical stabilization. The objectives of this study were to 1) describe the clinical characteristics of sexual minority adolescents and young adults with eating disorders admitted for medical instability and 2) compare psychiatric co-morbidities and suicidality of sexual minority adolescents and young adults to heterosexual peers. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 601 patients admitted to a large inpatient eating disorders medical stabilization unit between 2012 and 2020. Data collected included age, sex assigned at birth, sexual orientation, eating disorder diagnosis, percent median body mass index at admission, vital signs at admission, co-morbid psychiatric diagnoses, psychiatric medication use, and suicidality or self-injurious behavior. Fisher’s exact, Chi square or t-tests were used to examine potential differences in clinical characteristics and psychiatric co-morbidities between groups. Modified Poisson regression was used to assess associations between sexual orientation and psychiatric co-morbidities.Results: Over one fifth (21.1%, n = 103) of our inpatient sample identified as a sexual minority individual. There was no significant difference between eating disorder diagnosis types by sexual orientation. Sexual minority adolescents and young adults had higher percent median body mass index compared to their heterosexual peers and yet equally severe vital sign instability on admission. Sexual minority adolescents and young adults were almost 1.5 times more likely to have a psychiatric comorbidity with higher rates of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Sexual minority adolescents and young adults were approximately two times more likely to have a history of self-injurious behaviors and/or suicidality. Conclusions: Sexual minority adolescents and young adults with eating disorders have equally severe vital sign instability despite higher percent median body mass index on admission for medical stabilization. Sexual minority adolescents and young adults hospitalized for medical complications of eating disorders are far more likely to have an additional mental health disorder and a history of self-harm and/or suicidality, which may portend a less favorable long-term prognosis.
Risk factors and clinical impact of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales coinfections among hospitalized patients with Clostridioides difficile infection
Authors: Lee Jen-Chieh , Chiu Chun-Wei , Lee Ching-Chi , Tsai Pei-Jane , Ko Wen-Chien , Hung Yuan-Pin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The risk factors and clinical impact of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) coinfection among hospitalized patients with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) were analyzed in this study.Materials and methods: A clinical study was performed at the medical wards of Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare in southern Taiwan. Patients with CDI between January 2013 and April 2020 were included.Results: Among 238 patients included for analysis, 22 (9.2%) patients developed CRE coinfections within 14 days before or after the onset of CDI. CDI patients with CRE coinfection had longer hospitalization stays (103.0 ± 97.0 days vs. 42.5 ± 109.6 days, P = 0.01) than those without CRE coinfection. In the multivariate analysis, age (odds ratio [OR] 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.10, P = 0.02) was independently associated with CRE coinfection. In contrast, underlying old stroke (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.03-0.70, P = 0.02) was negatively linked to CRE coinfection.Conclusion: Among patients with CDI, CRE coinfections were associated with prolonged hospitalization for CDI. Age was an independent risk factor for CRE coinfection among patients with CDI.
Ethephon Increases Cold Hardiness of Sweet Cherry1
Authors: Proebsting E. L. , Mills H. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Late summer sprays of (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) increased hardiness of dormant sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruit buds, delayed bloom, and improved survival of spring frosts thus increasing yields. Wood hardiness was increased slightly. Autumn defoliation was sometimes hastened. Fruit size was reduced but color, soluble solids and firmness were not affected. Ethephon applied in late summer induced gumming of branches the following May in 1 year out of 6. Ethephon probably does not influence normal acclimation. Its effect is superimposed on the natural cycle.
Phytotoxic Effects of Several Bark Extracts on Mung Bean and Cucumber Growth1
Authors: Still Steven M. , Dirr Michael A. , Gartner John B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) cuttings and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Marketer) seedlings were cultured in water extracts of bark from silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) hackberry (Celtis occidentalis L.), sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) and cottonwood (Populus deltoides Marsh.). Extracts of fresh silver maple bark inhibited root elongation of cucumbers and the adventitious rooting of mung bean. Composting the silver maple bark for 30 days prior to preparing the water extracts reduced inhibition. Pretreatment of fresh silver maple bark extracts with insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) reduced inhibition and indicated that the inhibitory compound was phenolic in nature. Chromatography and spectral analysis of common phenolic compounds and silver maple bark extracts revealed the toxic substance was similar to tannic acid.
Effect of Interactions of Calcium, Potassium and Manganese Supply on ‘Delicious’ Apple Trees as Related to Internal Bark Necrosis1
Authors: Domoto P. A. , Thompson A. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A greenhouse solution culture experiment was conducted to study the interactions of Ca, K and Mn supply on the concentration of 7 elements in bark tissues of ‘Delicious’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh) trees as related to internal bark necrosis (IBN). Under a regime of low Ca and high Mn, IBN symptoms developed late in the second growing season on the scion barks but not on the rootstock bark. Both the degree of severity and the incidence of the disorder increased with increasing K levels. Low Ca and high Mn concentrations in the barks are apparently necessary for the development of IBN, and under these conditions K affects the degree of severity. It is suggested that the higher K concentrations enhanced Mn toxicity by lowering the threshold for Mn-induced IBN, while Ca responded as a detoxifying agent. Low concentrations of B and P may contribute to IBN development, while Mg and Fe were not related to symptom development.
Growth of Lettuce Under Controlled Humidity Levels1
Authors: Tibbitts T. W. , Bottenberg G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The influence of atmospheric moisture levels of 85% and 50% relative humidity (RH) (3.5 and 11.6 mb saturation vapor deficit respectively) at 20°C for 16:8 long day (LD) cycle on butterhead lettuce, (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Meikoningen), during a growth period of 4 weeks from seeding, was studied in organic soil and liquid cultures. Significantly faster growth rates were evident on plants developing under 85% RH than under 50% in both soil and liquid culture with the largest increases occurring with plants grown in soil culture. The higher humidity level increased leaf number 15%, leaf size 30%, dry weights 62%, and leaf water contents from 93% to 94%. The differences in leaf number and dry weight equalled about 2 days growth difference at 4 weeks after seeding. The density of stomata was greater on plants grown under 50% RH but the total number of stomata per leaf under the 2 humidity levels was the same. The leaf resistance was significantly higher on plants grown under 50% than under 85% RH. The principle significance of high humidity level during growth of lettuce is the production of larger marketable heads with a higher water content in a slighly reduced period of time.
Trickle Irrigation of Shade Trees Growing in the Nursery: II. Influence on Root Distribution1
Authors: Ponder H. G. , Kenworthy A. L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The relationship of trickle irrigation to root distribution was evaluated with sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos L.) and pin oak (Quercus palustris Muench.). Treatments were 5.7 liters per hour and no supplemental water. Trees were dug with a 66-inch tree space in 1974. The root system of each tree was cut into 15 cm concentric cylinders around the trunk. Roots were divided into those greater than 2 mm and those less than 2 mm in diameter. Fresh weight determinations were made with each root size classification in each zone.
Irrigation did not alter root system depth. Irrigated sugar maple had more fibrous roots (on a weight basis) and irrigated honey locust had more large roots than check trees. Irrigated pin oak had more fibrous roots and more large roots. Root systems of irrigated and non-irrigated trees were distributed in the same volume of soil.
Cultural Practices Affect Cold Hardiness and Peach Tree Short Life1
Authors: Nesmith William C. , Dowler William M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To determine whether cold hardiness of peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] is affected by cultural practices, 2-year-old ‘Coronet’ trees growing in a peach tree short-life site were treated by soil fumigation with 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) late fall application of nitrogen, combination of fumigation and fall applied nitrogen, fall pruning (November), or usual grower practices (control). Cold hardiness was measured by determining the leakage of electrolytes from dormant terminal twig sections exposed to low temperatures, and visually by oxidative browning and ease of phloem-xylem separation. Fall-pruned trees were lower in cold hardiness and survival than controls. Nitrogen applied alone or in combination with fumigation reduced cold hardiness in early winter but increased vigor and survival. Trees grown in fumigated soil and winter-pruned were hardier than control trees and fall-pruned trees in nonfumigated soil. Differences in hardiness were greatest near bloom time. Cultural practices strongly affected cold hardiness of xylem, phloem, and cambium of treated trees, and cold hardiness was associated with tree longevity.
Effects of Mite Population Density on ‘Newtown’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ Apple Tree Performance1
Authors: Zwick R. W. , Fields G. J. , Mellenthin W. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Population levels of spider mites, principally European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), were regulated on ‘Newtown’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ apple trees for 4 years. Seasonal fruit sizing and firmness, terminal shoot growth, leaf chlorophyll content, and folio wing-year fruit set were evaluated against mite feeding intensity. Only leaf chlorophyll content of both cultivars and fruit firmness of ‘Golden Delicious’ were unfavorably influenced by mite feeding. Vigorous-growing, nonstressed apple trees possess a relatively high tolerance to seasonal average mite densities of ca. 30 mites/leaf without adverse effects.
Inheritance of Compact Growth Type in Apple1
Authors: Lapins K. O. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Test crosses within the progeny of ‘Golden Delicious’ × ‘McIntosh Wijcik’ confirmed the hypothesis that the typical growth habit of ‘McIntosh Wijcik’ is determined by a single dominant gene, Co. A small but consistent deficiency in the compact class suggested the presence of modifier gene or genes. Two independently originated natural mutants, ‘McIntosh Wijcik’ and ‘McIntosh Bendig’, were considered identical. The compact-growth seedlings, particularly the homozygous dominant genotypes from backcrosses and sib-crosses, constitute valuable breeding material. Compact segregates, evaluated as mature trees, were deemed to be suitable for very dense plantings.
Cold Hardiness of Flower Buds from Selected Highbush Blueberry Cultivars (Vaccinium australe Small)1
Authors: Bittenbender B. C. , Howell G. S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Flower bud hardiness of seven commercial highbush blueberry cultivars (Vaccinium australe Small) was determined from fall to spring for two consecutive years. Hardiness was expressed as T50, estimated by Spearman-Kärber equations. The T50 values for cultivars showed good agreement with spring field survival. Distal buds were less hardy than proximal buds on the same twig. The Average Exotherm (AET) methods were more variable than the T50 method for determining flower bud hardiness.
Inheritance of an Extreme Dwarf Plant Type in the Cucumber1
Authors: Kauffman C. S. , Lower R. L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
An extreme dwarf plant type in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is controlled by the homozygous recessive state of a simply inherited gene, designated cp for compact. The dominant allele yields the standard vine type plant. The gene is inherited independently from the gene for determinate dwarf habit, de. The mode of action of the recessive allele, cp, is to reduce the length of the individual internodes, but it apparently has little effect on the total number of internodes. Seed size of fruits from compact plants is also reduced.
Effect of Daminozide on Growth, Maturity, Quality and Yield of Sweet Cherries1
Authors: Proebsting E. L. , Mills H. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (daminozide) effectively retarded growth of vigorous young trees of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) if applied at rates above 4000 ppm and more than a month after bloom. It was relatively ineffective at 2000 ppm and within 2 weeks of bloom. Color, soluble solids, size and firmness of treated fruit were the same as on untreated fruit harvested 4 days later. Yield of ‘Bing’ was slightly increased. Daminozide induced “June” drop of ‘Bing’ and ‘Chinook’ and should be recognized as. a thinning agent on cherries. Treated cherries were more subject to post-harvest decay during 4 weeks’ storage at 0—2°C. Uniformity of color was increased slightly but significantly. There appeared to be no delerterious long-term effects of daminozide to sweet cherry trees.
Softening Effects of CO2 Treatment for Removal of Astringency from Stored Persimmon Fruits1
Authors: Ben-Aire Ruth , Guelfat-Reich Sylvia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Astringency of ‘Triumph’ persimmon fruits (Diospyros kaki L.) was removed before, during or after storage at −1°C, by treatment with 90% CO2 at 17°C. The duration of treatment required for total removal of astringency depended on the time of treatment, the tannin content at the time of its application, and the length of the storage period and subsequent shelf-life.
Pre-storage treatment of fruits for 24 hours induced an accelerated rate of softening during 2−4 months storage at − 1°C. When CO2 was applied under the same conditions, 2 weeks prior to termination of storage, the rate of softening was reduced, in comparison with pre-storage gassing, but was still greater than that of untreated fruit. Post-storage gassed fruit remained firmer during shelf-life than that gassed earlier. Treatments of shorter durations before, during or after storage, did not, however, reduce the rate of fruit softening but accelerated it. At all times of application, longer durations in CO2 atmosphere slowed down the rate of fruit softening, in spite of the accelerated softening of CO2-treated fruits vis-a-vis untreated fruit. These apparently contradictory effects indicate that CO2 treatment of persimmons affects two different systems involved in fruit softening.
Tissue Culture-induced Variation in Scented Pelargonium spp.1
Authors: Skirvin R. M. , Janick Jules 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In vitro techniques were developed to regenerate plantlets (calliclones) from callus of scented geraniums (Pelargonium spp.). Calliclones were compared to plants derived from stem, root, and petiole cuttings of 5 cultivars. Plants from stem cuttings of all cultivars were uniform and identical to the parental clone. Plants from root and petiole cuttings were more variable with the amount of variation dependent upon cultivar. High variability was associated with calliclones. Aberrant types included changes in plant and organ size, leaf and flower morphology, essential oil constituents, fasciation, pubesence, and anthocyanin pigmentation. Calliclone variation was dependent upon clone and age of callus. Variability in calliclones was due to segregation of chimeral tissue, euploid changes, and heritable changes which may involve individual chromosomal aberrations or simple gene mutations. Variability of calliclones might be exploited for improvement of vegetatively propagated crops especially highly polyploid, sterile lines.
Preharvest Temperatures in Relation to Postharvest Quality of ‘d’Anjou’ Pears1
Authors: Mellenthin W. M. , Wang C. Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Quality and ripening capacity of ‘d’Anjou’ pears (Pyrus communis L.) after long-term storage were influenced by the daily-hourly average (DHA) temperatures during 6-week prior to harvest. Fruits of 17.2° and 13.9°C DHA temperatures ripened with high acid and sugar contents while samples of 20.0° and 11.7°C DHA temperature treatments failed to ripen properly and had lower quality. Failure to ripen after prolonged storage was associated with high protein nitrogen levels in the fruits. Samples of lower DHA temperature were more susceptible to friction discoloration, while fruits of higher DHA temperature had a higher percentage of superficial scald. Temperatures during this period did not appear to affect harvest maturity, size or soluble pectin content of the fruit.
Effects of Air and Soil Temperatures on Vegetative Growth of Citrus1
Authors: Khairi Mohamed M. A. , Hall Anthony E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Interactive effects of air and soil temperatures on vegetative growth of 4- and 8-year-old ‘Frost Navel’ orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] budded to trifoliate orange rootstocks [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] were determined in controlled environments. Quiescent trees were subjected to 1 of 4 environmental treatments in 2 glasshouses consisting of 2 day/night air temperature regimes and 2 constant soil temperatures for 2 months in each experiment. Shoot initiation was doubled with warm soils (25°C) compared with cool soils (15°C) in all experiments. This effect of soil temperature on bud break was observed with both hot (35°C) and warm (25°C) day air temperatures (night air temperature was 15°C in both glasshouses) and with warm (25°C) and cool 15°C) night air temperatures (day air temperature was 30°C in both glasshouses). These large differences in shoot initiation resulted in a greater vegetative flush with respect to total shoot length, branch dry weight and leaf dry weight with warmer soils. Warmer day temperatures resulted in longer shoots with greater dry matter, whereas, warmer night temperatures had little effect on shoot length. Only small differences were observed among treatments in leaf water status and inorganic nutrient status. This suggests that soil temperature effects on root uptake of water and minerals may not have been responsible for the effects of soil temperature on shoot initiation and growth. Warmer soils may have increased bud break by influencing other processes such as the hormonal balance in the shoot.