bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First eROSITA‐TESS results for M dwarfs: Mass dependence of the X‐ray activity rotation relation and an assessment of sensitivity limits
Authors: Magaudda E. , Stelzer B. , Raetz St. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present a study of the activity‐rotation relation for M dwarf stars, using new X‐ray data from the ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array (eROSITA) on board the Russian Spektrum‐Roentgen‐Gamma mission (SRG), combined with photometric rotation periods from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). The stars used in this work are selected from the superblink proper motion catalog of nearby M dwarfs. We study the 135 stars with both a detection in the first eROSITA survey (eRASS1) and a rotation period measurement from TESS jointly with the sample of 197 superblink M dwarfs re‐adapted from our previous work. We fit the activity‐rotation relation for stars with rotation periods shorter than d (saturated regime) using three mass bins. The surprising positive slope for stars in our lowest mass bin () is due to a paucity of stars with intermediate rotation periods ( d), probably caused by fast period evolution. The much higher fraction of eRASS1 detections compared to stars that have also rotation periods from TESS shows that eROSITA is also sensitive for slower rotating M dwarfs that are in the unsaturated regime with periods inaccessible to TESS.
Assessment of postnatal femur development in Wistar Han rats
Authors: Campion Sarah N. , Nowland William S. , Gropp Kathryn , Liu Chang‐Ning , Ritenour Hayley N. , Syed Jameel , Catlin Natasha , Stethem Christine M. , Coskran Timothy M. , Cappon Gregg D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe use of Wistar Han (WH) rats in regulatory toxicology studies, including juvenile animal studies, is increasing. The current study was performed to characterize femur development in neonatal and juvenile WH rats. Beginning on postnatal day (PND) 4 through PND 50, groups of WH rats (n = 5/sex) were evaluated for the development and ossification of the femur by Alizarin Red S staining, micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) imaging, microscopic examination, and Collagen X immunostaining. The focus of these evaluations was limited to the proximal femur including the head, neck, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, and shaft. Through the multiple methods utilized, it was determined that the femoral neck is the first structure of the proximal femur to ossify, which occurs between PND 15 and 20. The femoral head and greater trochanter begin to separate on PND 15 with separation completing on PND 25 (both still composed of cartilage). Evidence of mineralization and ossification of these structures is apparent at PND 25, with a progressive increase with age, reaching adult‐like morphology by PND 40. This work has provided a thorough characterization of postnatal femur development in WH rats to help inform bone and femur effects in juvenile toxicity studies as well as the design of investigative studies.
Ligand conjugated lipid‐based nanocarriers for cancer theranostics
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Dkhar Daphika S. , Kumari Rohini , Divya  , Mahapatra Supratim , Srivastava Ananya , Dubey Vikash Kumar , Chandra Pranjal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCancer is one of the major health‐related issues affecting the population worldwide and subsequently accounts for the second‐largest death. Genetic and epigenetic modifications in oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes affect the regulatory systems that lead to the initiation and progression of cancer. Conventional methods, including chemotherapy/radiotherapy/appropriate combinational therapy and surgery, are being widely used for theranostics of cancer patients. Surgery is useful in treating localized tumors, but it is ineffective in treating metastatic tumors, which spread to other organs and result in a high recurrence rate and death. Also, the therapeutic application of free drugs is related to substantial issues such as poor absorption, solubility, bioavailability, high degradation rate, short shelf‐life, and low therapeutic index. Therefore, these issues can be sorted out using nano lipid‐based carriers (NLBCs) as promising drug delivery carriers. Still, at most, they fail to achieve site‐targeted drug delivery and detection. This can be achieved by selecting a specific ligand/antibody for its cognate receptor molecule expressed on the surface of the cancer cells. In this review, we have mainly discussed the various types of ligands used to decorate NLBCs. A list of the ligands used to design nanocarriers to target malignant cells has been extensively undertaken. The approved ligand‐decorated lipid‐based nanomedicines with their clinical status have been explained in tabulated form to provide a wider scope to the readers regarding ligand‐coupled NLBCs.
Atypical spindle cell lipomatous tumor of the tongue: A rare entity arising in an unusual location
Authors: Graja Soumaya , Chaari Chiraz , Kammoun Chahir , Zghal Mouna , Dhouib Morched , Charfi Slim , Sellami‐Boudawara Tahya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAtypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor (ASCPT) constitutes an emerging entity of lipomatous tumors. It is a benign tumor. It occurs typically in limbs and limb girdles. The occurrence in oral cavity is unusual. The diagnosis of this neoplasm is challenging. Herein, we report a case of ASCPT arising in the tongue.
Hydrogen Evolution, Oxygen Evolution, and Oxygen Reduction at Polarizable Liquid|Liquid Interfaces
Authors: Opallo Marcin , Dusilo Katarzyna , Warczak Magdalena , Kalisz Justyna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch on hydrogen evolution (HER), oxygen evolution (OER), and oxygen reduction (ORR) reactions at polarizable liquid|liquid interfaces was reviewed. A number of biphasic systems based on hydrophobic molecular solvents and hydrophobic ionic liquids was proposed to carry out these reactions. For HER and ORR metallocenes were extensively explored as electron donors and metallocene hydrides were found as intermediate product. The number of approaches to increase the efficiency of these reactions was proposed. They include assembly/electrodeposition of nanocatalysts at liquid|liquid interface, dissolution of molecular catalysts in organic phase, electro/photochemical regeneration of electron donor, and application of light. For biphasic OER light‐driven systems employing nanoparticles assembled at a liquid|liquid interface were reported.
High‐Efficient Ultrathin PdCuMo Porous Nanosheets with Abundant Defects for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Gao Fan , Li Chuanliang , Ren Yangyang , Li Baosong , Lv Chenhao , Yang Xiaojing , Zhang Xinghua , Lu Zunming , Yu Xiaofei , Li Lanlan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo reduce the over‐dependence on Pt, Pd‐based catalysts have become one of the most effective candidates for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In order to further accelerate the ORR kinetics and strengthen the catalytic performance of Pd catalysts, component optimization and morphology design have been adopted. Although great progress has been made, it is still difficult to obtain porous ultrathin nanosheets with excellent performance by a simple method. Here, ultrathin PdCuMo porous nanosheets (PdCuMo NSs) were successfully prepared. This structure possessed a large specific surface area with rich cavities and structural defects, significantly enhancing its ORR performance. In special, the mass activity of PdCuMo NSs was 1.46 A mg−1 at 0.90 V, which was 12.2, 8.6, and 2.7 times as high as that of Pd/C, Pt/C, and PdCuMo nanoparticles (PdCuMo NPs), respectively. In addition, it had an excellent ability to resist CO poisoning and exhibited remarkable long‐term stability.
Hydroxyl Group‐Enabled Highly Efficient Ligand for Pd‐Catalyzed Telomerization of 1,3‐Butadiene with CO2
Authors: Yang Zhengyi , Shen Chaoren , Dong Kaiwu 
Published: August 2022

Comprehensive SummaryBy introducing hydroxyl group into PPh3 ligand, a promoter‐free palladium catalytic system based on (p‐HOC6H4)PPh2 ligand was developed for the telomerization of 1,3‐butadiene with CO2. High activity and selectivity towards CO2‐incorporated divinyl δ‐lactone monomer were achieved (TON/TOF: up to 4540/568 h–1; selectivity of δ‐lactone and its isomers: up to 97%). The key role of phenolic hydroxyl group of the ligand in attaining high activity was validated. The good performance of large‐scale reaction in batch reactor demonstrated the potential utility of this simple catalytic system in valorizing CO2 with bulk chemical feedstock.
Synthesis of Clionastatins A and B through Enhancement of Chlorination and Oxidation Levels of Testosterone
Authors: Cui Hao , Shen Yang , Wang Ruifeng , Wei Haoxiang , Lei Xin , Chen Yanyu , Fu Pengfei , Wang Haoxiang , Bi Ruihao , Zhang Yandong 
Published: August 2022

Comprehensive SummaryA full account of semisyntheses of polychlorinated marine steroids clionastatins A and B is described. We have developed a unique two‐stage chlorination‐oxidation strategy that enabled concise and divergent semisyntheses of clionastatins A and B in 16 steps from inexpensive testosterone. Key transformations in chlorination stage include (a) conformationally controlled, stereospecific dichlorination through an unusual β‐chloronium intermediate to install the diequatorial C1,C2‐dichloride; (b) C4‐OH directed C19–H oxygenation followed by challenging neopentyl chlorination to install the C19–Cl. The high oxidation level was constructed through (a) the desaturation at C6–C7 through one‐pot photochemical dibromination–reductive debromination; (b) regioselective anti‐Markovnikov oxidation of the C6–C7 double bond by photoredox‐metal dual catalysis to forge the B ring enone; (c) late‐stage desaturation with SeO2 to introduce C8–C9 double bond. Wharton transposition was used to forge the D‐ring enone, and thermodynamically driven epimerization secured the cis‐fused C/D ring system. Furthermore, we also provided a 14‐step approach to clionastatin A by optimizing the construction of the D‐ring enone with a dehydration‐oxidation sequence.
The NBN founder mutation—Evidence for a country specific difference in age at cancer manifestation
Authors: Chrzanowska Krystyna H. , Seemanova Eva , Varon Raymonda , Digweed Martin , Piekutowska‐Abramczuk Dorota , Sperling Karl , Seeman Pavel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundNijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is an autosomal‐recessive chromosome instability disorder characterized by, among others, hypersensitivity to X‐irradiation and an exceptionally high risk for lymphoid malignancy. The vast majority of NBS patients is homozygous for a common Slavic founder mutation, c.657del5, of the NBN gene, which is involved in the repair of DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs). The founder mutation also predisposes heterozygous carriers to cancer, apparently however, with a higher risk in the Czech Republic/Slovakia (CS) than in Poland.AimTo examine whether the age of cancer manifestation and cancer death of NBN homozygotes is different between probands from CS and Poland.MethodsThe study is restricted to probands born until 1989, before replacement of the communist regime by a democratic system in CS and Poland, and a substantial transition of the health care systems. Moreover, all patients were recruited without knowledge of their genetic status since the NBN gene was not identified until 1998.ResultsHere, we show that cancer manifestation of NBN homozygotes is at a significantly earlier age in probands from CS than from Poland. This is explained by the difference in natural and medical radiation exposure, though within the permissible dosage.ConclusionIt is reasonable to assume that this finding also sheds light on the higher cancer risk of NBN heterozygotes in CS than in Poland. This has implications for genetic counseling and individualized medicine also of probands with other DNA repair defects.
Non‐physical Species in Chemical Kinetic Models: A Case Study of Diazenyl Hydroxy and Diazenyl Peroxide**
Authors: Mitnik Nelly , Haba Sharon , Grinberg Dana Alon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPredictive chemical kinetic models often consider hundreds to thousands of intermediate species. An even greater number of species are required to generate pressure‐dependent reaction networks for gas‐phase systems. As this immense chemical search space is being explored using automated tools by applying reaction templates, it is probable that non‐physical species will infiltrate the model without being recognized by the compute or a human as such. These non‐physical species might obey chemical intuition as well as requirements coded in the software, e. g., obeying element electron valence constraints, and may consequently remain unnoticed. Non‐physical species become an acute problem when their presence affects a model observable. Correcting a pressure‐dependent network containing a non‐physical species may significantly affect the computed rate coefficient. The present work discusses and analyzes two specific cases of such species, diazenyl hydroxy (⋅N=NOH) and diazenyl peroxide (⋅N=NOOH), both previously suggested as intermediates in nitrogen combustion systems. A comprehensive conformational search did not identify any non‐fragmented energy well, and energy scans performed for diazenyl peroxide (⋅N=NOOH), at DFT and CCSD(T) show that it barrierlessly decomposes. This work highlights a broad implication for future automated chemical kinetic model generation, and provides a significant motivation to standardize non‐physical species identification in chemical kinetic models.
Inference on spatial heterogeneity in tumor microenvironment using spatial transcriptomics data
Authors: Biswas Antara , Ghaddar Bassel , Riedlinger Gregory , De Subhajyoti 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the tumor microenvironment (TME), functional interactions among tumor, immune, and stromal cells and the extracellular matrix play key roles in tumor progression, invasion, immune modulation, and response to treatment. Intra‐tumor heterogeneity is ubiquitous not only at the genetic and transcriptomic levels but also in the composition and characteristics of TME. However, quantitative inference on spatial heterogeneity in the TME is still limited. Here, we propose a framework to use network graph‐based spatial statistical models on spatially annotated molecular data to gain insights into modularity and spatial heterogeneity in the TME. Applying the framework to spatial transcriptomics data from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma samples, we observed significant global and local spatially correlated patterns in the abundance score of tumor cells; in contrast, immune cell types showed dispersed patterns in the TME. Hypoxia, EMT, and inflammation signatures contributed to intra‐tumor spatial variations. Spatial patterns in cell type abundance and pathway signatures in the TME potentially impact tumor growth dynamics and cancer hallmarks. Tumor biopsies are integral to the diagnosis and clinical management of cancer patients; our data suggest that owing to intra‐tumor non‐genetic spatial heterogeneity, individual biopsies may underappreciate the extent of clinically relevant, functional variations across geographic regions within tumors.
Stability and bifurcation analysis of low‐frequency electrostatic waves in warm negative ion plasmas
Authors: Alinejad Hassan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we perform stability and bifurcation analysis of ion‐acoustic waves in a plasma consisting of warm adiabatic positive and negative ions, evolving against a uniform background of isothermal electrons. The model consists of two nonlinear ordinary differential equations incorporating ion temperature, negative ion concentration and negative‐to‐positive ion mass. We derive the normal form of bifurcation which allows the determination of travelling wave solutions for various regions in the parameter space of warm negative ion plasmas. It is shown that negative/positive ion temperature broadens the region prior to the saddle‐node bifurcation, thereby allowing the propagation of solitary and supernonlinear periodic waves. For a range of ion mass ratio and ion temperature, we find different existence domains of stability region, and examine the occurrence of transcritical bifurcation as a function of various plasma parameters. Further, we perform a numerical phase portrait analysis of the complex system including homoclinic orbits, nonlinear periodic and super nonlinear periodic orbits. The effects of ion mass ratio and ion temperature on the characteristic of these nonlinear structures are discussed in detail. Our results are relevant to wave solutions in laboratory and space plasmas, where simultaneous presence of warm negative/positive ions are observed.
Prospective associations between loneliness and disordered eating from early adolescence to adulthood
Authors: Cortés‐García Laura , Rodríguez‐Cano Rubén , von Soest Tilmann 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveDespite findings from numerous cross‐sectional studies suggesting a substantial association between loneliness and different types of disordered eating, much remains unknown about the impact of confounding, the order of cause and effect, and gender differences in the relationship. Thus, this study followed a large, population‐based, mixed‐gender sample through adolescence and young adulthood, applying a random intercept cross‐lagged panel model (RI‐CLPM) approach to examine the bidirectional prospective associations between loneliness and disordered eating while ruling out the effect of unmeasured time‐invariant confounders.MethodA Norwegian sample of N = 2933 adolescents (54.2% female) was examined across four time points (T1, Mage = 15.44, grades 7–12; T2, Mage = 16.93; T3, Mage = 21.84; and T4, Mage = 28.33) from 1992 to 2005 using RI‐CLPMs for overall disordered eating and specific forms for disordered eating (dieting and bulimic symptoms). Multigroup structural equation models were used to assess gender differences.ResultsFor male participants, high levels of loneliness at T1 predicted more overall disordered eating and more dieting at T2. Meanwhile, among female participants, disordered eating and bulimic symptoms at T2 predicted more loneliness at T3, whereas loneliness at T3 predicted more disordered eating and bulimic symptoms at T4, and vice versa.DiscussionThe findings suggest a pattern of bidirectional associations between loneliness and disordered eating that varies by time points, gender, and type of eating problem. Preventive interventions and treatment should consider social factors involved in the onset and maintenance of eating problems in male adolescents and young adult women.Public SignificanceThis study contributes to the existing knowledge by examining for the first time the dynamic nature of the association between loneliness and disordered eating while accounting for all time‐invariant confounding. Our findings reveal a pattern of bidirectional associations between loneliness and disordered eating that appears to vary by developmental period, gender, and type of eating problem. Our findings suggest that social factors have to be taken into account when designing prevention strategies aimed at disordered eating.
Prediction of diffuse solar radiation using machine learning models based on sunshine period and sky‐clearness index for the humid‐subtropical climate of India
Authors: Mustafa Jawed , Husain Shahid , Khan Uzair Ali , Akhtar Md Mozammil 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMachine learning (ML) models were developed to estimate monthly average diffuse solar radiation (DSR) with sky‐clearness index and relative sunshine period as inputs for the humid subtropical climate of India. Three categories of ML models were defined, each having six models. The solar radiation data was split into two parts, the “Training dataset” used to develop the models and the “Validation dataset” used to test the models. Model accuracy was investigated as a function of various commonly used statistical pointers. A comparison was made between the ML models and well‐known empirical models from prior research. Global performance indicator was used to rank ML models within each category. The projected values from the ML models and solar radiation data were in reasonable agreement. Thus, DSR can be accurately predicted using ML models in the area under consideration.
A companion to the preclinical common data elements for rodent models of pediatric acquired epilepsy: A report of the TASK3‐WG1B, Pediatric and Genetic Models Working Group of the ILAE/AES Joint Translational Task Force
Authors: Katsarou Anna‐Maria , Kubova Hana , Auvin Stéphane , Mantegazza Massimo , Barker‐Haliski Melissa , Galanopoulou Aristea S. , Reid Christopher A. , Semple Bridgette D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEpilepsy syndromes during the early years of life may be attributed to an acquired insult, such as hypoxic–ischemic injury, infection, status epilepticus, or brain trauma. These conditions are frequently modeled in experimental rodents to delineate mechanisms of epileptogenesis and investigate novel therapeutic strategies. However, heterogeneity and subsequent lack of reproducibility of such models across laboratories is an ongoing challenge to maintain scientific rigor and knowledge advancement. To address this, as part of the TASK3‐WG1B Working Group of the International League Against Epilepsy/American Epilepsy Society Joint Translational Task Force, we have developed a series of case report forms (CRFs) to describe common data elements for pediatric acquired epilepsy models in rodents. The “Rodent Models of Pediatric Acquired Epilepsy” Core CRF was designed to capture cohort‐general information; while two Specific CRFs encompass physical induction models and chemical induction models, respectively. This companion manuscript describes the key elements of these models and why they are important to be considered and reported consistently. Together, these CRFs provide investigators with the tools to systematically record critical information regarding their chosen model of acquired epilepsy during early life, for improved standardization and transparency across laboratories. These outcomes will support the ultimate goal of such research; that is, to understand the childhood onset‐specific biology of epileptogenesis after acquired insults, and translate this knowledge into therapeutics to improve pediatric patient outcomes and minimize the lifetime burden of epilepsy.
Numerical investigation on thermal performance of battery module with LCP‐AFC cooling system applied in electric vehicle
Authors: Guo Huizhen , Li Juan , Zhu Zhangyu , Lv Peihong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo improve the thermal performance of electric vehicle batteries, a novel cooling system of liquid cold plates coupled with air flow channels (LCP‐AFC) for battery thermal management was proposed. Three‐dimensional models were established for simulation. The effects of five factors on the heat dissipation of the electric vehicle battery module were studied, which included the battery discharge rate, inlet temperature of cooling liquid, nanofluids, airflow velocity, liquid, and air flow directions. The results showed that the maximum temperature Tmax and temperature difference ΔT of the battery module under 1 C discharge rate could be reduced by 1.1°C and 0.92°C compared to the single liquid cooling. Comparing the LCP‐AFC with single air cooling, the Tmax and ΔT of the battery module under 4 C discharge rate could be reduced by 18.74°C and 2.71°C. The temperature uniformity of the battery module was not satisfied with the inlet temperature of the cooling liquid, which was lower than 15°C. The heat transfer performance was improved by adding Al, Cu, or Ag nanoparticles into the deionized water. Among them, Ag–water nanofluid had the most significant cooling effect. Parallel flow indicated better thermal performance than cross flow and counter flow. The developed cooling system of LCP‐AFC offers a new method to design lithium‐ion battery thermal management system for controlling temperature distribution of a battery module.