bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep-Eware: spatio-temporal social event detection using a hybrid learning model
Authors: Afyouni Imad , Khan Aamir , Aghbari Zaher Al 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEvent detection from social media aims at extracting specific or generic unusual happenings, such as, family reunions, earthquakes, and disease outbreaks, among others. This paper introduces a new perspective for the hybrid extraction and clustering of social events from big social data streams. We rely on a hybrid learning model, where supervised deep learning is used for feature extraction and topic classification, whereas unsupervised spatial clustering is employed to determine the event whereabouts. We present‘Deep-Eware’, a scalable and efficient event-aware big data platform that integrates data stream and geospatial processing tools for the hybrid extraction and dissemination of spatio-temporal events. We introduce a pure incremental approach for event discovery, by developing unsupervised machine learning and NLP algorithms and by computing events’ lifetime and spatial spanning. The system integrates a semantic keyword generation tool using KeyBERT for dataset preparation. Event classification is performed using CNN and bidirectional LSTM, while hierarchical density-based spatial clustering was used for location-inference of events. We conduct experiments over Twitter datasets to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of our system. The results demonstrate that this hybrid approach for spatio-temporal event extraction has a major advantage for real-time spatio-temporal event detection and tracking from social media. This leads to the development of unparalleled smart city applications, such as event-enriched trip planning, epidemic disease evolution, and proactive emergency management services.
Mental and physical health-related quality of life in patients with recurrent patellar dislocations—a generic and disease-specific quality of life questionnaire assessment
Authors: Balcarek Peter , Milinkovic Danko Dan , Zimmerer Alexander , Zimmermann Felix 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
There is a paucity of quality of life (QoL) assessments in studies evaluating patients treated for recurrent lateral patellar dislocation (LPD). The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether mental well-being is impaired in patients with chronic (recurrent) LPD and, if so, to assess whether the mental health-related QoL dimension improves equivalently to the physical-related QoL dimension after successful surgical treatment.

Methods
Thirty-eight patients with recurrent LPD over a mean course of the disease of 4.7 ± 3.9 years (1—18 years) prior to surgery were included. Generic health-related QoL (HRQoL) (Short Form 36; SF-36) and disease-specific QoL (Banff Patella Instability Instrument 2.0; BPII 2.0) were assessed preoperatively and after a mean follow-up of 3.5 ± 0.8 years (2 – 5 years) postoperatively.

Results
Untreated LPD significantly impacted the physical dimension of patients’ generic HRQoL and their disease-specific QoL. When compared to age-equivalent normative data sets, the mental HRQoL dimension was not reduced prior to operative treatment but increased during the follow-up period. Surgical treatment normalized the physical dimension of patients’ generic HRQoL and significantly improved their disease-specific QoL. However, BPII 2.0 values remained reduced, albeit patellae were successfully stabilized.

Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that patients with recurrent LPD are generally in good mental health, although physical impairment is striking. Notwithstanding that surgery prevented further dislocations and normalized the generic HRQoL, the disease-specific QoL remained reduced as far as this can be interpreted without population-based data.

Level of evidence
Level IV; Retrospective case series.
Practical Blood Flow Restriction Training: New Methodological Directions for Practice and Research
Authors: Aniceto Rodrigo Ramalho , da Silva Leandro Leonardo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMost studies with blood flow restriction (BFR) training have been conducted using devices capable of regulating the restriction pressure, such as pneumatic cuffs. However, this may not be a viable option for the general population who exercise in gyms, squares and sports centers. Thinking about this logic, practical blood flow restriction (pBFR) training was created in 2009, suggesting the use of elastic knee wraps as an alternative to the traditional BFR, as it is low cost, affordable and practical. However, unlike traditional BFR training which seems to present a consensus regarding the prescription of BFR pressure based on arterial occlusion pressure (AOP), studies on pBFR training have used different techniques to apply the pressure/tension exerted by the elastic wrap. Therefore, this Current Opinion article aims to critically and chronologically examine the techniques used to prescribe the pressure exerted by the elastic wrap during pBFR training. In summary, several techniques were found to apply the elastic wrap during pBFR training, using the following as criteria: application by a single researcher; stretching of the elastic (absolute and relative overlap of the elastic); the perceived tightness scale; and relative overlap of the elastic based on the circumference of the limbs. Several studies have shown that limb circumference seems to be the greatest predictor of AOP. Therefore, we reinforce that applying the pressure exerted by the elastic for pBFR training based on the circumference of the limbs is an excellent, valid and safe technique.
Pain, balance, and mobility in people 1 year after total knee arthroplasty: a non-randomized cross-sectional pilot study contrasting posterior-stabilized and medial-pivot designs
Authors: Lo Cathy W. T. , Brodie Matthew A. , Tsang William W. N. , Lord Stephen R. , Yan Chun-Hoi , Wong Arnold Y. L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common treatment for severe knee osteoarthritis. Medial-pivot TKA systems (MP-TKA) are theoretically better than posterior-stabilized TKA systems (PS-TKA) in improving static and dynamic balance of patients although it is difficult to objectively quantify these balance parameters in a clinical setting.Therefore, this pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using wearable devices in a clinical setting to examine whether people with MP-TKA have better postoperative outcomes than PS-TKA, and their balance control is more akin to age-matched asymptomatic controls.MethodsThe current cross-sectional pilot study recruited 57 participants with 2 different prosthesis designs (20 PS-TKA, 18 MP-TKA) and 19 asymptomatic controls. At 1-year post-TKA, pain, knee stiffness, and physical function were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Static balance, mobility, and gait stability of the participants were evaluated based on data collected from wearable motion sensors during the near tandem stance, timed-up-and-go, and 6-min walk tests.ResultsCompared to asymptomatic controls, both TKA groups reported significantly more pain and stiffness and demonstrated reduced functional mobility, increased stride-time-variability, and impaired balance. After Bonferroni adjustment, no significant differences in pain, balance, and mobility performance were observed between PS-TKA and MP-TKA participants 1 year after surgery. However, there was a trend for increased anteroposterior sway of the lumbar and head regions in the MP-TKA participants when undertaking the near tandem stance test. The wearable motion sensors were easy to use without any adverse effects.ConclusionsIt is feasible to use wearable motion sensors in a clinical setting to compare balance and mobility performance of patients with different TKA prothesis designs. Since this was a pilot study and no definite conclusions could be drawn, future clinical trials should determine the impacts of different TKA prosthesis designs on post-operative outcomes over a longer follow-up period.
A Middle East systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in MRSA Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Nikmanesh Yousef , Foolady Azarnaminy Afsaneh , Avishan Pourya , Taheri Mohammadreza , Sabeghi Paniz , Najibzadeh Ehsan , Khaledi Azad 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis in Middle Eastern countries.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science (ISI), and Scopus databases for studies presenting the prevalence of MRSA strains, antibiotic resistance pattern in S. aureus strains isolated from patients who suffered from cystic fibrosis in Middle Eastern countries from 1999 to 10 June 2020. The following terms were used; prevalence, antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial drug resistance, drug resistance, Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, cystic fibrosis, CF, and the Middle East. The meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-analysis software (Version 3.3.070).

Results
Patients’ age ranged from 1.6 to 18 years. Females were more than males. The prevalence of S. aureus was varied between 5.6 and 77.8%. The prevalence of S. aureus was varied between 5.6 and 77.8% in different countries. The combined prevalence of S. aureus in Middle East countries from 1999 to 2020 was reported by 40.9% (95% CI 29.6–53.1). The pooled prevalence of MRSA was reported at 18.6% (95% CI 1.1–82.6), Z = 0.9, I2 = 98.6, Q = 146.7. The highest combined resistance in S. aureus strains was reported to Penicillin G (94%), followed by Ciprofloxacin (54.9%).

Conclusion
Regarding a quite prevalence of S. aureus and an intermediate prevalence of MRSA in CF patients, preventive measures and health policies should be implemented in the Middle East area to prevent the spread of infections caused by MRSA strains in CF patients.
The impact of consecutive COVID-19 lockdowns in England on mental wellbeing in people with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Caton Emma , Chaplin Hema , Carpenter Lewis , Sweeney Melissa , Tung Hsiu Yen , de Souza Savia , Galloway James , Nikiphorou Elena , Norton Sam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
During the first UK COVID-19 lockdown, studies identified over half of inflammatory arthritis (IA) patients in the UK reported a worsening of emotional distress. Given the prolonged nature of the pandemic, and the strict ‘shielding’ restrictions imposed on ‘extremely clinically vulnerable’ populations, it is likely that the implementation of the second lockdown period in England, during November 2020, may also have had a negative impact on the mental health of IA patients. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore the impact of consecutive lockdown periods on mental wellbeing in people with IA.

Methods
Nine IA patients took part in semi-structured telephone interviews at both baseline (June/July 2020) and follow-up (November 2020). The interview schedule, which was developed and piloted with a Patient Research Partner, explored patient experiences and mental health impacts of the COVID-19 lockdown periods. Interviews were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results
Five males and four females, with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, or spondylarthritis, aged between 24–79 years (mean = 49.9, SD = 20.9) were included in the sample. Four main themes impacting on mental wellbeing were identified from the data: (1) Pandemic fatigue versus pandemic acclimatisation, (2) Social interaction and isolation, (3) Clarity of information, (4) Seasonal changes.

Conclusion
The first two COVID-19 lockdown periods in England had an ongoing impact on the mental health of patients with IA. Healthcare professionals, in conjunction with government support, should ensure that adequate information and mental health resources are available to support IA patients during periods of ongoing restrictions, whilst also continuing to encourage behaviours which promote good mental health and wellbeing.
Endosymbiotic microbes from entomopathogenic nematode (EPNs) and their applications as biocontrol agents for agro-environmental sustainability
Authors: Tomar Preety , Thakur Neelam , Yadav Ajar Nath 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The biological diversity on planet earth is declining day by day, due to different factors such as excessive applications of pesticides. The utilization of chemical pesticides affected environment as well as microorganisms. The awareness among the peoples towards the hazards by the residual toxicity of chemical pesticides should be developed for agro-environmental sustainability.

Main body
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are the bacto-helminth parasites which show classical mutualism with the genera Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus. The nematodes along with its endosymbiotic bacteria have a biocontrol potential which could be used to reduce chemical pesticides. Applications of bioagents have been reported and resulted in considerable reduction in pathogens. Furthermore, these bioagents are biodegradable, eco-friendly and easy to apply for protection of crops against diverse pathogenic organism. The nematode-bacterium complexes are effective against huge range of bacteria, fungi, nematodes and insects that are harmful to the crops. Along with biocontrol potential, the endosymbionts produce diverse secondary metabolic compounds, exoenzymes and toxic compounds that show antibiotic, antimycotic, nematicidal, miticidal and anticancerous properties.

Conclusion
The present review deals with the diversity of endosymbiotic microbes from EPNs and their role in biocontrol for the agro-environmental sustainability.
Does the intramedullary femoral canal plug reduce blood loss during total knee arthroplasty?
Authors: Khanasuk Yutthana , Ngarmukos Srihatach , Tanavalee Aree 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe benefit of the femoral canal bone plug during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in reducing blood loss has never been proven. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine whether the femoral canal bone plug significantly reduces blood loss in primary TKA.MethodAll studies published before December 2021 were searched. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials comparing blood loss between TKA with plugged and unplugged femoral intramedullary canal, respectively. The primary outcome was postoperative hemoglobin reduction.ResultsFive studies with a total of 717 patients (361 in the plugged group, 356 in the unplugged group) met the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The mean difference in hemoglobin level between the two groups was 0.92 g/dL, with significantly less hemoglobin reduction in the plugged group (95% confidence interval [CI] − 1.64 to − 0.21,p = 0.01). The patients in the plugged group also had a significantly lower risk of receiving a blood transfusion (risk ratio 0.58, 95% CI 0.47–0.73,p < 0.00001).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis demonstrates that using a femoral canal bone plug can significantly reduce blood loss and lower the risk ratio of blood transfusion in patients undergoing TKA.
A scoping review of the evaluation and effectiveness of technical assistance
Authors: Scott Victoria C. , Jillani Zara , Malpert Adele , Kolodny-Goetz Jenny , Wandersman Abraham 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the benefits of evidence-based practices (EBPs) for advancing community outcomes are well-recognized, challenges with the uptake of EBPs are considerable. Technical assistance (TA) is a core capacity building strategy that has been widely used to support EBP implementation and other community development and improvement efforts. Yet despite growing reliance on TA, no reviews have systematically examined the evaluation of TA across varying implementation contexts and capacity building aims. This study draws on two decades of peer-reviewed publications to summarize the evidence on the evaluation and effectiveness of TA.MethodsGuided by Arksey and O’Malley’s six-stage methodological framework, we used a scoping review methodology to map research on TA evaluation. We included peer-reviewed articles published in English between 2000 and 2020. Our search involved five databases: Business Source Complete, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), PsycInfo, and PubMed.ResultsA total of 125 evaluation research studies met the study criteria. Findings indicate that publications have increased over the last two decades, signaling a growth in the recognition and reporting of TA. Technical assistance is being implemented across diverse settings, often serving socially vulnerable and under-resourced populations. Most evaluation research studies involved summative evaluations, with TA outcomes mostly reported at the organizational level. Only 5% of the studies examined sustainability of TA outcomes. This review also demonstrates that there is a lack of consistent standards regarding the definition of TA and the level of reporting across relevant TA evaluation categories (e.g., cadence of contact, and directionality).ConclusionsAdvances in the science and practice of TA hinge on understanding what aspects of TA are effective and when, how, and for whom these aspects of TA are effective. Addressing these core questions requires (i) a standard definition for TA; (ii) more robust and rigorous evaluation research designs that involve comparison groups and assessment of direct, indirect, and longitudinal outcomes; (iii) increased use of reliable and objective TA measures; and (iv) development of reporting standards. We view this scoping review as a foundation for improving the state of the science and practice of evaluating TA.
An unusual presentation of diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Houas Jihene , Ghammam Monia , Chouchane Lobna , Abdessaied Nihed , Omri Malika El , Bellakhdher Mouna , Abir Meherzi , Wassim Kermani , Abdelkefi Mohamed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma is a rare pathologic entity. It is characterized by a tendency for rapid growth and a higher incidence of cervical lymph node and distant metastases.
We report an unusual presentation of diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma presented as a single thyroid mass of a small size.

Case presentation
We experienced a case of a diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma in a 30-year-old woman. The preoperative findings on the cytology and ultrasound were suggestive of a malignant thyroid nodule. This case was confirmed by surgical excision. The management included surgery, radioiodine ablation, and suppressive levothyroxine therapy.

Conclusions
We would like to highlight that an early diagnosis associated with an appropriate management leads to a good prognosis.
A Comparison of Logistic Regression Against Machine Learning Algorithms for Gastric Cancer Risk Prediction Within Real-World Clinical Data Streams
Authors: Huang Robert J. , Kwon Nicole Sung-Eun , Tomizawa Yutaka , Choi Alyssa Y. , Hernandez-Boussard Tina , Hwang Joo Ha 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE Noncardia gastric cancer (NCGC) is a leading cause of global cancer mortality, and is often diagnosed at advanced stages. Development of NCGC risk models within electronic health records (EHR) may allow for improved cancer prevention. There has been much recent interest in use of machine learning (ML) for cancer prediction, but few studies comparing ML with classical statistical models for NCGC risk prediction. METHODS We trained models using logistic regression (LR) and four commonly used ML algorithms to predict NCGC from age-/sex-matched controls in two EHR systems: Stanford University and the University of Washington (UW). The LR model contained well-established NCGC risk factors (intestinal metaplasia histology, prior Helicobacter pylori infection, race, ethnicity, nativity status, smoking history, anemia), whereas ML models agnostically selected variables from the EHR. Models were developed and internally validated in the Stanford data, and externally validated in the UW data. Hyperparameter tuning of models was achieved using cross-validation. Model performance was compared by accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS In internal validation, LR performed with comparable accuracy (0.732; 95% CI, 0.698 to 0.764), sensitivity (0.697; 95% CI, 0.647 to 0.744), and specificity (0.767; 95% CI, 0.720 to 0.809) to penalized lasso, support vector machine, K-nearest neighbor, and random forest models. In external validation, LR continued to demonstrate high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Although K-nearest neighbor demonstrated higher accuracy and specificity, this was offset by significantly lower sensitivity. No ML model consistently outperformed LR across evaluation criteria. CONCLUSION Drawing data from two independent EHRs, we find LR on the basis of established risk factors demonstrated comparable performance to optimized ML algorithms. This study demonstrates that classical models built on robust, hand-chosen predictor variables may not be inferior to data-driven models for NCGC risk prediction.
Long-Term Follow-Up on Morbidity Among Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Flachs Madsen Lana R , Gerdøe-Kristensen Stine , Lauenborg Jeannet , Damm Peter , Kesmodel Ulrik S , Lynge Elsebeth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates up to 10% of pregnancies and is a well-known risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. Little is known about possible long-term risks of other diseases.

Background
The aim was to review the literature for evidence of associations with morbidity other than T2DM and cardiovascular disease and with long-term mortality.

Methods
A systematic review based on searches in Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library until March 31, 2021, using a broad range of keywords. We extracted study characteristics and results on associations between GDM and disease occurrence at least 10 years postpartum, excluding studies on women with diabetes prior to pregnancy or only diabetes prior to outcome. The results are reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess risk of bias.

Results
We screened 3084 titles, 81 articles were assessed full-text, and 15 included in the review. The strongest evidence for an association was for kidney diseases, particularly in Black women. We found indication of an association with liver disease, possibly restricted to women with T2DM postpartum. The association between GDM and breast cancer had been studied extensively, but in most cases based on self-reported diagnosis and with conflicting results. Only sparse and inconsistent results were found for other cancers. No study on thyroid diseases was found, and no study reported on short-term or long-term mortality in women with a history of GDM.

Conclusion
Given the frequency of GDM, there is a need for better evidence on possible long-term health consequences, in particular, studies based on comprehensive records of diagnosis of GDM and long-term health outcomes.