bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late Early Devonian ostracodes from the Torkoz area (SW Morocco) and the Emsian/Eifelian boundary
Authors: Groos-Uffenorde Helga , Schindler Eberhard , Becker R. Thomas , Dojen Claudia , Brocke Rainer , Jansen Ulrich 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA new rich and diversified ostracode fauna from the Torkoz area (section Hassi Mouf South, Moroccan Anti-Atlas) is described and the ostracode distribution near the Early/Middle Devonian boundary is discussed. This ostracode fauna of a single limestone bed yields 32 taxa and is compared with the less-diversified ostracode fauna from an adjacent parallel section Hassi Mouf South as well as with a published conodont-bearing sample from section Torkoz. All three ostracode faunas are closely related, and therefore, the same latest Emsian age is postulated. Palynomorphs (acritarchs and prasinophytes) from section Torkoz support this late Early Devonian age and the scarce brachiopod fauna of the equivalent level from section Hassi Mouf South suggests a stratigraphical position very close to the Emsian/Eifelian boundary, probably latest Emsian. Zygobeyrichiasubcylindrica from a thin marly bed embedded in shales, slightly below the ostracode-rich sample from section Hassi Mouf South, and the conodonts of the patulus Zone from section Torkoz, favours the position of the Early/Middle Devonian boundary within the Yeraifia Formation and not in or on top of the Rich 4 Sandstone in the SW Dra Valley area as hitherto published. The latest Early Devonian ostracode faunas from the Torkoz area belong to the shallow-water Eifelian Ecotype of G. Becker. The new genus Karlingrella for Euglyphella? granulosa Blumenstengel, 1962 and the new species Quasillites (Beckjennites) gebeckeri are erected.
Detection of extreme sentiments on social networks with BERT
Authors: Jamil M. Luqman , Pais Sebastião , Cordeiro João , Dias Gaël 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOnline social networking platforms allow people to freely express their ideas, opinions, and emotions negatively or positively. Previous studies have examined sentiments on these platforms to study their behavior in different contexts and purposes. The mechanism of collecting public opinion information has attracted researchers to automatically classify the polarity of public opinions based on the use of concise language in messages, such as tweets, by analyzing social media data. In this paper, we extend the preceding work where an unsupervised approach to automatically detect extreme opinions/posts in social networks is proposed. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated on five different social network and media datasets. In this work, we use a semi-supervised approach known as BERT to reevaluate the accuracy of our prior approach and the obtained classified dataset. The experiment proves that in these datasets, posts that were previously classified as negative or positive extreme are extremely negative or positive in many cases while using BERT. Furthermore, BERT shows the capability to classify the extreme sentiments when fine-tuned with an appropriate extreme sentiments dataset.
Heterogeneous imaging features of Aspergillosis at 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Altini Corinna , Ruta Rossella , Mammucci Paolo , Rubini Dino , Ferrari Cristina , Sardaro Angela , Pisani Antonio Rosario 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAspergillosis is one of the most frequent fungal infections, whose morbidity can be life-threatening, especially in some categories of patients such as immunocompromised ones. It can have various clinical presentation scenarios and should be considered when making differential diagnosis in patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary involvement. 18F-FDG PET/CT is a whole-body diagnostic technique that can help in the study of the disease, guiding the patient management thanks to the possibility to recognize infection sites and extension. The aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the wide spectrum of disease presentation. Literature regarding 18F-FDG PET/CT in histologically confirmed aspergillosis cases has been revised to describe all its possible features, both usual and unusual to guide imaging interpretation. 18F-FDG PET/CT is a diagnostic tool that can help in the recognition of the heterogenous infection’s presentation, allowing the clinicians to make a prompt diagnosis and to have the most accurate management of the disease. Furthermore, other PET/CT radiopharmaceutical role in Aspergillosis imaging study have been presented.
Sexual Function in Postmenopausal Women with Symptomatic Pelvic Organ Prolapse Treated Either with Locally Applied Estrogen or Placebo: Results of a Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Trial
Authors: Marschalek Marie-Louise , Bodner Klaus , Kimberger Oliver , Morgenbesser Raffaela , Dietrich Wolf , Obruca Christian , Husslein Heinrich , Umek Wolfgang , Koelbl Heinz , Bodner-Adler Barbara 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundLocal estrogen therapy (LET) has beneficial effects on genitourinary atrophy; however it is currently unclear if LET improves sexual function in postmenopausal women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP).AimTo evaluate if LET vs placebo results in an improved sexual function in postmenopausal women with symptomatic POP.MethodsWe performed a secondary analysis of sexual outcomes of a previous randomized controlled trial comparing LET and placebo in 120 postmenopausal women (60/group) with symptomatic POP stage ≥3 and planned prolapse surgery. Women were randomly assigned to receive local estrogen or placebo cream 6 weeks preoperatively. The effect of therapy vs placebo was assessed with ANOVA with interaction effect of time*group and a multivariable linear regression model was built to assess the impact of different variables on sexual function before therapy.OutcomesWe evaluated the sexual function score in sexually active women of our study population using the German Pelvic Floor Questionnaire at recruitment time and again after 6 weeks of treatment.ResultsAmong 120 randomized women, 66 sexually active women remained for final analysis. There was no significant difference in the change of the sexual function score over time between the treatment groups (difference in changes in score from baseline to 6 weeks for Estrogen group vs control group was -0.110 with 95% CI -0.364 to 0.144) Multivariable analysis showed that no independent risk factor for unsatisfying sexual function score could be identified.Clinical ImplicationsBased on our results, LET has no beneficial effect on sexual function in postmenopausal women with POP.Strengths and limitationsMain strength of our study lies in the study design and in the use of a condition- specific questionnaire. As this is a secondary analysis, this study may be insufficiently powered to identify differences in sexual data between groups.ConclusionLET had no impact on female sexuality in postmenopausal women with POP.
Copyright in generative deep learning
Authors: Franceschelli Giorgio , Musolesi Mirco 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMachine-generated artworks are now part of the contemporary art scene: they are attracting significant investments and they are presented in exhibitions together with those created by human artists. These artworks are mainly based on generative deep learning (GDL) techniques, which have seen a formidable development and remarkable refinement in the very recent years. Given the inherent characteristics of these techniques, a series of novel legal problems arise. In this article, we consider a set of key questions in the area of GDL for the arts, including the following: is it possible to use copyrighted works as training set for generative models? How do we legally store their copies in order to perform the training process? Who (if someone) will own the copyright on the generated data? We try to answer these questions considering the law in force in both the United States and the European Union, and potential future alternatives. We then extend our analysis to code generation, which is an emerging area of GDL. Finally, we also formulate a set of practical guidelines for artists and developers working on deep learning generated art, as well as some policy suggestions for policymakers.
The Invention of New Strategies in Bargaining Games
Authors: Freeborn David Peter Wallis 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBargaining games have played a prominent role in modeling the evolution of social conventions. Previous models assumed that agents must choose from a predetermined set of strategies. I present a new model of two agents learning in bargaining games in which new strategies must be invented and reinforced. I study the efficiency and fairness of the model outcomes. The outcomes are somewhat efficient, but a significant part of the resource is wasted nonetheless. I implement two forms of forgetting and restrictions to the set of strategies that can be invented.
Replication Is for Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fletcher Samuel C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe role or function of experimental and observational replication within empirical science has implications for how replication should be measured. Broadly, there seems to be consensus that replication’s central goal is to confirm or vouchsafe the reliability of scientific findings. I argue that if this consensus is correct, then most of the measures of replication used in the scientific literature are actually poor indicators of this reliability or confirmation. Only meta-analytic measures of replication align functionally with the goals of replication. I conclude by addressing some objections to meta-analysis.
“Fundamental” “Constants” and Precision Tests of the Standard Model
Authors: Koberinski Adam 
Published: May 2022

AbstractI provide an account of precision testing in particle physics that makes a virtue of theory-ladenness in experiments. Combining recent work on the philosophy of experimentation with a broader view of the scientific process allows one to understand that the most precise and secure knowledge produced in a mature science cannot be achieved in a theory-independent fashion. I discuss precision tests of the muon’s magnetic moment and effective field theory as a means to repurpose precision tests for exploratory purposes.
That Obscure Concept of Desire: The Ideological War over Scientific Models
Authors: Grunt-Mejer Katarzyna 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article analyzes the scientific debate surrounding the appropriateness of pharmacological interventions aimed at increasing female desire. It has three objectives: (1) to outline the nonepistemic values that underlie scientific concepts of desire; (2) to conduct an analysis of scientific misuses when justifying a drive-based model of desire and pharmacological intervention; and (3) to show how in this and similar cases of vague constructs we can demonstrate the role of nonepistemic values and assess their influence.
Biological Essentialism, Projectable Human Kinds, and Psychiatric Classification
Authors: Tsou Jonathan Y. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA minimal essentialism (“intrinsic biological essentialism”) about natural kinds is required to explain the projectability of human science terms. Human classifications that yield robust and ampliative projectable inferences refer to biological kinds. I articulate this argument with reference to an intrinsic essentialist account of homeostatic property cluster kinds. This account implies that human sciences (e.g., medicine, psychiatry) that aim to formulate predictive kind categories should classify biological kinds. Issues concerning psychiatric classification and pluralism are examined.
Development and test–retest reliability of the Combat Sports Post-Career Health Questionnaire (CSPCHQ)
Authors: Krstulović Saša , Franchini Emerson , Fukuda David H. , Stout Jeffrey R. , DelCastillo-Andrés Óscar , Kuvačić Goran 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe long-term impact of weight cycling on health status, eating habits, physical activity and the lifestyle of former combat sports athletes is still insufficiently explored. Therefore, a novel questionnaire in English, Portuguese, Spanish and Croatian language was constructed. To determine the reliability and the content/face validity, a total of 110 participants filled the questionnaire on two occasions. With the majority of intra-class correlation coefficient values above 0·75, the questionnaire items were shown to be very stable. Additionally, according toκvalues, the questionnaire has fair test–retest reliability, with only one coefficient being labelled as poor (Q40 in ESP). All questionnaire sub-scales showed moderate to very good internal consistency when the overall sample was observed (αranging from 0·605 to 0·802). Poorαvalues were found only in Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire for CRO and ESP samples. Wilcoxon’s signed rank test showed significant differences only in the Mindful Eating Questionnaire sub-scale scores (overall:P= 0·002, effect size = −0·208 [moderate]; CRO:P= 0·005, effect size = 0·303 [moderate]). It can be concluded that the newly developed questionnaire had strong test–retest reliability. Further validity research in a larger sample of former combat sports athletes should be considered.
Surveillance for ototoxicity in platinum-based chemotherapy using mobile health audiometry with extended high frequencies
Authors: Ehlert K , Heinze B , Graham M A , Swanepoel D 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated mobile health enabled surveillance in ototoxicity.MethodThis was a longitudinal study of 32 participants receiving chemotherapy. Baseline and exit audiograms that included conventional and extended high frequency audiometry were recorded within the patient's treatment venue using a validated mobile health audiometer.ResultsAverage hearing thresholds at baseline were within the normal range (81.2 per cent left; 93.8 per cent right), reducing at exit testing (71.9 per cent left; 78.1 per cent right). Half of participants presented with a threshold shift according to ototoxicity monitoring criteria. The frequencies affected the most were between 4000 and 16 000 Hz, with left ears significantly more affected than right ears. Noise levels exceeded the maximum permissible ambient noise levels in up to 43.8 per cent of low frequencies (250–1000 Hz).ConclusionMobile health supported audiometry proved to be an efficacious tool for ototoxicity monitoring at the treatment venue. Changes in hearing ability over time could be tracked, improving surveillance in patients with full treatment schedules.
The body's availability: Ezekiel 37, Robert Jenson and disabled flesh
Authors: Zerra Luke 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper puts Ezekiel 37 in conversation with Robert W. Jenson's theological anthropology. It claims that a theological reading of scripture can clarify moral reflection on personhood in general, and the personhood of humans with disabilities in particular. Ezekiel 37:1–14, read through Jenson's exegesis and theology, offers a theological anthropology in which human personhood is given by God's address. To be a person is to be available to God's address. Such an understanding does not rely on capacities inherent to the person, but extrinsically in God's word and freedom to be available to human flesh.
Polarization multiplexed diffractive computing: all-optical implementation of a group of linear transformations through a polarization-encoded diffractive network
Authors: Li Jingxi , Hung Yi-Chun , Kulce Onur , Mengu Deniz , Ozcan Aydogan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch on optical computing has recently attracted significant attention due to the transformative advances in machine learning. Among different approaches, diffractive optical networks composed of spatially-engineered transmissive surfaces have been demonstrated for all-optical statistical inference and performing arbitrary linear transformations using passive, free-space optical layers. Here, we introduce a polarization-multiplexed diffractive processor to all-optically perform multiple, arbitrarily-selected linear transformations through a single diffractive network trained using deep learning. In this framework, an array of pre-selected linear polarizers is positioned between trainable transmissive diffractive materials that are isotropic, and different target linear transformations (complex-valued) are uniquely assigned to different combinations of input/output polarization states. The transmission layers of this polarization-multiplexed diffractive network are trained and optimized via deep learning and error-backpropagation by using thousands of examples of the input/output fields corresponding to each one of the complex-valued linear transformations assigned to different input/output polarization combinations. Our results and analysis reveal that a single diffractive network can successfully approximate and all-optically implement a group of arbitrarily-selected target transformations with a negligible error when the number of trainable diffractive features/neurons (N) approaches $$N_pN_iN_o$$

N

p

N

i

N

o

, where Ni and No represent the number of pixels at the input and output fields-of-view, respectively, and Np refers to the number of unique linear transformations assigned to different input/output polarization combinations. This polarization-multiplexed all-optical diffractive processor can find various applications in optical computing and polarization-based machine vision tasks.
miR-188-3p targets skeletal endothelium coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis during ageing
Authors: He Wen-Zhen , Yang Mi , Jiang Yangzi , He Chen , Sun Yu-Chen , Liu Ling , Huang Mei , Jiao Yu-Rui , Chen Kai-Xuan , Hou Jing , Huang Min , Xu Yi-Li , Feng Xu , Liu Ya , Guo Qi , Peng Hui , Huang Yan , Su Tian , Xiao Ye , Li Yusheng , Zeng Chao , Lei Guanghua , Luo Xiang-Hang , Li Chang-Jun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA specific bone capillary subtype, namely type H vessels, with high expression of CD31 and endomucin, was shown to couple angiogenesis and osteogenesis recently. The number of type H vessels in bone tissue declines with age, and the underlying mechanism for this reduction is unclear. Here, we report that microRNA-188-3p (miR-188-3p) involves this process. miRNA-188-3p expression is upregulated in skeletal endothelium and negatively regulates the formation of type H vessels during ageing. Mice with depletion of miR-188 showed an alleviated age-related decline in type H vessels. In contrast, endothelial-specific overexpression of miR-188-3p reduced the number of type H vessels, leading to decreased bone mass and delayed bone regeneration. Mechanistically, we found that miR-188 inhibits type H vessel formation by directly targeting integrin β3 in endothelial cells. Our findings indicate that miR-188-3p is a key regulator of type H vessel formation and may be a potential therapeutic target for preventing bone loss and accelerating bone regeneration.
Dysfunction of the energy sensor NFE2L1 triggers uncontrollable AMPK signaling and glucose metabolism reprogramming
Authors: Qiu Lu , Yang Qiufang , Zhao Wenshan , Xing Yadi , Li Peng , Zhou Xiaowen , Ning Haoming , Shi Ranran , Gou Shanshan , Chen Yalan , Zhai Wenjie , Wu Yahong , Li Guodong , Chen Zhenzhen , Ren Yonggang , Gao Yanfeng , Zhang Yiguo , Qi Yuanming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe antioxidant transcription factor NFE2L1 (also called Nrf1) acts as a core regulator of redox signaling and metabolism homeostasis, and thus, its dysfunction results in multiple systemic metabolic diseases. However, the molecular mechanism(s) by which NFE2L1 regulates glycose and lipid metabolism remains elusive. Here, we found that loss of NFE2L1 in human HepG2 cells led to a lethal phenotype upon glucose deprivation and NFE2L1 deficiency could affect the uptake of glucose. Further experiments revealed that glycosylation of NFE2L1 enabled it to sense the energy state. These results indicated that NFE2L1 can serve as a dual sensor and regulator of glucose homeostasis. The transcriptome, metabolome, and seahorse data further revealed that disruption of NFE2L1 could reprogram glucose metabolism to aggravate the Warburg effect in NFE2L1-silenced hepatoma cells, concomitant with mitochondrial damage. Co-expression and Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that NFE2L1 could directly interact and inhibit AMPK. Collectively, NFE2L1 functioned as an energy sensor and negatively regulated AMPK signaling through directly interacting with AMPK. The novel NFE2L1/AMPK signaling pathway delineate the mechanism underlying of NFE2L1-related metabolic diseases and highlight the crosstalk between redox homeostasis and metabolism homeostasis.
Functional and multiscale 3D structural investigation of brain tissue through correlative in vivo physiology, synchrotron microtomography and volume electron microscopy
Authors: Bosch Carles , Ackels Tobias , Pacureanu Alexandra , Zhang Yuxin , Peddie Christopher J. , Berning Manuel , Rzepka Norman , Zdora Marie-Christine , Whiteley Isabell , Storm Malte , Bonnin Anne , Rau Christoph , Margrie Troy , Collinson Lucy , Schaefer Andreas T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the function of biological tissues requires a coordinated study of physiology and structure, exploring volumes that contain complete functional units at a detail that resolves the relevant features. Here, we introduce an approach to address this challenge: Mouse brain tissue sections containing a region where function was recorded using in vivo 2-photon calcium imaging were stained, dehydrated, resin-embedded and imaged with synchrotron X-ray computed tomography with propagation-based phase contrast (SXRT). SXRT provided context at subcellular detail, and could be followed by targeted acquisition of multiple volumes using serial block-face electron microscopy (SBEM). In the olfactory bulb, combining SXRT and SBEM enabled disambiguation of in vivo-assigned regions of interest. In the hippocampus, we found that superficial pyramidal neurons in CA1a displayed a larger density of spine apparati than deeper ones. Altogether, this approach can enable a functional and structural investigation of subcellular features in the context of cells and tissues.
Coordination environment tuning of nickel sites by oxyanions to optimize methanol electro-oxidation activity
Authors: Li Shanlin , Ma Ruguang , Hu Jingcong , Li Zichuang , Liu Lijia , Wang Xunlu , Lu Yue , Sterbinsky George E. , Liu Shuhu , Zheng Lei , Liu Jie , Liu Danmin , Wang Jiacheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo achieve zero-carbon economy, advanced anode catalysts are desirable for hydrogen production and biomass upgrading powered by renewable energy. Ni-based non-precious electrocatalysts are considered as potential candidates because of intrinsic redox attributes, but in-depth understanding and rational design of Ni site coordination still remain challenging. Here, we perform anodic electrochemical oxidation of Ni-metalloids (NiPx, NiSx, and NiSex) to in-situ construct different oxyanion-coordinated amorphous nickel oxyhydroxides (NiOOH-TOx), among which NiOOH-POx shows optimal local coordination environment and boosts electrocatalytic activity of Ni sites towards selective oxidation of methanol to formate. Experiments and theoretical results demonstrate that NiOOH-POx possesses improved adsorption of OH* and methanol, and favors the formation of CH3O* intermediates. The coordinated phosphate oxyanions effectively tailor the d band center of Ni sites and increases Ni-O covalency, promoting the catalytic activity. This study provides additional insights into modulation of active-center coordination environment via oxyanions for organic molecules transformation.