bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A temperature‐dependent hydrating structure around SO42− investigated from Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Hu Qingcheng , Zhao Haiwen , Wu Xiang'en , Liang Yuying 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Raman spectra of H2O/D2O−Na2SO4 solutions are measured at temperatures (T) up to 573 K. The hydrating structure of SO42− is investigated based on the solute‐correlated (SC) OD/OH stretch bands obtained by the multivariate curve resolution method. Remaining a nearly constant wavenumber of the main peak with increasing temperature, the SC OD/OH bands are narrowed first due to the reduced relative intensity of the shoulder at 2395/~3245 cm−1 when T < ~473 K/~513 K but then because the OD/OH bands get sunken around 2610/3580 cm−1 above ~473/~513 K (letting the ~2660/~3635 cm−1 mode be more prominent and even a separate peak). These spectral features incline to support a temperature‐dependent water structure in the SO42− hydration shell balanced by the SO42−···H2O(D2O) and O–H(D)···O hydrogen bonds (those with D are stronger) as well as the electrostatics. Most hydrating water molecules are engaged in hydrogen bonding configurations of single donor (SD) and single hydrogen‐bond water (SHW). As temperature rises, the average number of hydrogen bonds per hydrating water molecule decreases below ~373 K because of the SD → SHW transition and increases afterward owning to the rapid increase of the ion pairs, and SO42− changes its role from structure breaker to structure maker above ~453 K. The temperature‐dependent solubility behavior of Na2SO4 in H2O can be rationalized by the ion pairing effect and temperature‐dependent structure details in SO42− hydration shell.
tMCR‐ALS method for the determination of water concentration profiles in the stratum corneum of untreated and treated skin in vivo
Authors: Choe Chun Sik , Ri Jin Song , Choe Se Hyok , Kim Pok Sil , Lademann Jürgen , Schleusener Johannes , Darvin Maxim E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSkin moisturizing is important in dermatology and cosmetics. Raman microspectroscopy is a well‐suited method to determine water concentration profiles in the stratum corneum (SC) of untreated and formulation‐treated skin in vivo. Until now, the water in the SC was quantified using the ratio of water to proteins, and other SC components were neglected. Here, we apply the tailored multivariate curve resolution‐alternating least squares (tMCR‐ALS) method to improve the quantitative determination of water in the SC of cosmetic oil‐treated skin accounting Raman spectra of proteins, lipids, and oils in the high wavenumber region. We compared the water concentration profiles in the SC of petrolatum‐treated skin calculated using the tMCR‐ALS method and two existing conventional and extended methods, which are both based on the analysis of the water‐to‐protein‐ratio. The results show that in petrolatum‐treated skin, the conventional method calculates an incorrect water profile in the depth of 0–70% of the SC thickness; the extended method shows an incorrect profile in the depth of 0–10% of the SC thickness; the applied tMCR‐ALS method show results, which coincide well with the modern knowledge of the moisturizing effect of cosmetic oils on the SC. Almond, jojoba, and paraffin oils exhibit a similar moisturizing effect that manifests itself in an increase of water concentration in the intermediate SC depth. However, the effect of petrolatum is more pronounced. In the context of treated skin, the proposed method calculates water concentration profiles throughout the SC correctly and thus has a great potential in dermatology and cosmetics.
Development of real‐time intelligent films from red pitaya peel and its application in monitoring the freshness of pork
Authors: Ai Yana , Wang Guoxiong , Fang Fang , Zhang Fusheng , Liao Hongmei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDRed pitaya peel (RPP) is a good source of polysaccharides, which can be used in the production of biodegradable material. Betacyanins in it possess antioxidant and pH‐sensitive properties. However, RPP is commonly discarded during fruit processing. This study aimed to develop real‐time intelligent film using RPP to evaluate pork freshness.RESULTSReal‐time intelligent films were developed with film‐forming substrates (FFS) composed of 60–100% (w/w) RPP and 0–4% (v/w) glycerol in pH 4.3 ~ 8.0. Rheology tests revealed that the FFS exhibited shear‐thinning behavior. Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) analysis showed that molecules in the RPP interacted with glycerol and formed hydrogen bonds. It showed that the film developed with FFS of 80% RPP and 2% (v/w) glycerol had strong molecular interaction, dense structure, and optimal tensile strength and elongation at break. Film with pH adjusted to 7.0 had greater sensitivity to ammonia than film that was prepared at an original pH of 4.3, so this film was used to monitor freshness of pork. A visible change in the color of the film was observed during the spoiling process of pork, which correlated with the accumulated total volatile base nitrogen.CONCLUSIONBased on its sensitivity to ammonia, the film made of 80% (w/w) RPP and 2% (v/w) glycerol at pH 7.0 was recommended for use in monitoring the freshness of protein‐rich food. Our findings are of great significance for ensuring meat quality and safety and for reducing food waste. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Posttraumatic stress symptom severity is associated with impaired processing of emotional faces in a large international sample
Authors: Rutter Lauren A. , Lind Colton , Howard Jacqueline , Lakhan Prabhvir , Germine Laura 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTrauma exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are associated with biases in emotional face processing. Existing research has utilized a variety of methodological techniques to demonstrate hyperreactivity to threatening cues in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; i.e., fearful faces), but studies to date have shown conflicting findings, including both increased and decreased time fixating on fearful faces. Moreover, the impact of PTSS severity on emotional face processing in the general population is unknown, as the generalizability of prior work is limited. The current study aimed to examine the associations between PTSS and sensitivity to detecting differences in fearful, angry, and happy faces in a large international sample. Participants were 1,182 visitors (Mage = 31.13 years, SD = 13.57, range: 18–85 years) to TestMyBrain.org who completed three emotion sensitivity tasks and the PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5. The results indicated that higher PTSS scores were associated with poorer performance in detecting happiness, fear, and anger, ps < .001, with the largest effect for fear, f 2 = .06, controlling for age and gender. Participants who experienced more recent and more direct trauma exposure displayed higher levels of PTSS, with a small but significant effect whereby more direct trauma exposure was associated with higher (i.e., better) scores for anger and fear, f2s = .02. Women showed heightened sensitivity to detecting fear compared to men, d = 0.17. The present findings underscore the value of citizen science initiatives that allow researchers to obtain clinical data from diverse samples with a high degree of PTSS variability.
Management of Nasopharyngeal Cyst of Second Branchial Cleft Origin: Case Series and Systematic Review
Authors: Vinciguerra Alessandro , Verillaud Benjamin , Kaci Rachid , Guichard Jean‐Pierre , Herman Philippe 
Published: April 2022

Branchial cyst of the second pouch is the most common lesion of the nasopharyngeal lateral wall, generally localized between the pharyngeal wall and internal carotid artery.Cases consistent with such lesion, were collected. Symptomatic patients were treated with endoscopic trans‐nasal marsupialisation, asymptomatic cases were followed‐up. Among the 10 patients included, 4 were symptomatic and accordingly treated. In the literature, 36 cases were found, all of which were treated, most commonly with a total excision.Considering the benign nature of branchial nasopharyngeal cyst, its treatment should be tailored to each patient: endoscopic marsupialization in symptomatic lesion, follow‐up in asymptomatic one. Laryngoscope, 132:1904–1908, 2022
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube Timing in Head and Neck Cancer Surgery
Authors: Din‐Lovinescu Corina , Barinsky Gregory L. , Povolotskiy Roman , Grube Jordon G. , Park Chan W. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo examine outcomes and complications in patients receiving a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube on the same day of head and neck cancer (HNC) surgery versus later in hospitalization.MethodsThe 2003–2014 Nationwide Inpatient Sample was queried for patients undergoing ablative HNC procedures who had a PEG tube placed. Cases were stratified by PEG tube timing into an early (on the same day as ablative procedure) and late (later in hospitalization) group. Demographics and outcomes were compared using univariate analysis and multivariate regression modeling.ResultsA total of 4,068 cases were included, of which 2,206 (54.23%) underwent early PEG and 1,862 (45.77%) received a late PEG tube. Late PEG tube patients were more likely to have a diagnosis of malnutrition (18.0% vs. 15.3%, p = 0.018) or renal failure (4.7% vs. 3.0%, p = 0.006). On multivariate regression analysis, patients receiving late PEG tubes were more likely to experience aspiration pneumonia, acute pulmonary disease, infectious pneumonia, sepsis, hematoma, wound disruption, surgical site infection, and fistula formation (all p < 0.05). The mean length of stay and hospital charges in the late PEG group were significantly greater (17.1 vs. 12.6 days, p < 0.001) and ($159,993 vs. $125,705, p < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionsPatients undergoing HNC surgery who received a PEG tube on the day of ablative surgery had lower complication rates, shorter length of stay, and decreased hospital costs compared to those who had a PEG tube placed later during hospitalization. Further research is needed to determine the causal relationships behind these findings.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:109–115, 2023
Feasibility of Instituting a Clinical Otolaryngology Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Program
Authors: Palacios Victoria J. , Merlino Dante J. , Anderson Stephanie S. , Yeakel Sarah R. , Choby G Garret W. , Wiedermann Joshua P. , Moore Eric J. , O'Byrne Thomas J. , Jacobson Robert M. , Van Abel Kathryn M. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesTo measure baseline human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates among tertiary and community‐based Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (Oto‐HNS) clinic patients and to determine risk factors for under‐vaccination.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients aged 9 to 26 years presenting to an Oto‐HNS clinic from 2017 to 2019. Patients were considered complete for HPV vaccination if they received two doses of HPV vaccine with the first dose received before age 15 years or three doses of HPV vaccine otherwise.Results8,532 unique patients met the criteria. At the index visit, 3,110 (36.5%) had completed the HPV series, 5,422 (63.5%) were due for one or more doses, with 4,981 (58.4%) eligible for vaccination at the time of their appointment. Of those dues, most (3,148/5,422 or 58%) were past due by age (≥13 years old). Of the 3,148 patients past due, 745 (23.7%) were partially vaccinated and 2,403 (76.3%) were vaccine naïve. Male sex and younger age were both independently associated with incomplete vaccination (p < 0.0001).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the implementation of on‐site HPV vaccination has the potential to increase the opportunities for vaccination among vaccine‐eligible patients, especially among young males. Otolaryngologists have the potential to provide meaningful preventive services in the fight against HPV‐mediated disease.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:116–123, 2023
Manufacturing Cyclodextrin Fibers Using Water
Authors: Kelly Alesha , Ahmed Jubair , Edirisinghe Mohan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCyclodextrins are a class of biocompatible and highly water‐soluble oligosaccharide polymers, with vast applications in industries ranging from drug delivery to agriculture. Currently, most fiber production relies on using environmentally unfriendly organic solvents and polymeric additions. Cyclodextrins are seldom used on their own without a carrier polymer, however in this work, (2‐hydroxypropyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin) fibers are successfully produced with water, as the “green” solvent with pressurized gyration and electrospinning, without using a carrier polymer. The average fiber diameter of the pressurized gyration produces fibers ranged between 5.5 and 5.8 µm, while the average fiber diameter of the electrospun fibers ranged between only 183 and 305 nm. These findings show the thinnest diameter of pure cyclodextrin fibers achieved in current literature. Both techniques have specific advantages, such as electrospinning being able to produce nanofibers, while pressurized gyration has productivity of over 1.5 g min−1. Here, a pioneering study into the production of cyclodextrin‐only fibers with two different fiber production techniques and the creation of a cyclodextrin‐super‐mat that combines both types of fibers is presented.
Revisiting (dis)fluency: Metacognitive difficulty as a novelty cue that evokes feeling‐of‐interest
Authors: Sung Billy , Vanman Eric J. , Hartley Nicole 
Published: April 2022

AbstractContrary to conventional belief and the existing literature, recent research has shown that difficult‐to‐read fonts on marketing communications may evoke perceptual disfluency and enhance consumer evaluation toward unique, complex, or security‐related products. However, no research has examined the psychological mechanism that underlies the positive effects of perceptual disfluency. The current research presents five experiments to address this study gap. Specifically, Studies 1 and 2 provide empirical evidence that perceptual disfluency may lead to perceived novelty and in turn evoke the feeling‐of‐interest, perceived innovativeness, and intention to try a product. Studies 3 and 4 replicate these findings and show that such an indirect effect of perceptual disfluency is mitigated by the presence of salient novelty cues and prior product knowledge, providing further support for the hypothesized disfluency–novelty–interest relationship. Study 5 extended these findings by showing that digital ad banners with disfluent text may enhance click‐throughs in a natural viewing task of a news website. The current findings empirically demonstrate a mechanism that not only underlies the positive effects of perceptual disfluency but also aligns with the fluency–familiarity–liking relationship found in the existing literature.
A Comparative Assessment of Human Serum Proteins Interactions with Hemodialysis Clinical Membranes using Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Mollahosseini Arash , Saadati Shaghayegh , Abdelrasoul Amira 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEnd stage renal disease (ESRD) affects ≈10% of the world's population. Hemodialysis (HD) is a life‐sustaining extracorporeal blood purifying treatment for ESRD patients. Despite the advances in technology, the hemoincompatibility of the dialyzers leads to a high morbidity and mortality rate. Decreasing interactions between polymers and blood constituents will result in controlled binding of human serum proteins to the surface and consequently enhanced biocompatibility. This study aims to assess the interaction energy between common hemodialysis polymer structures and human serum proteins using molecular dynamics simulation to offer a framework for understanding the dominant interactions as a reference for material development. Molecular dynamics and molecular docking simulations are conducted for calculating polymerprotein binding energies. Common serum proteins are selected for protein models. Poly aryl ether sulfone (PAES) with and without polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), cellulose triacetate (CTA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) membrane structures are chosen as the different classes of dialyzers. The van der Waals interactions between polymers and proteins dominate the binding energies sequence. Molecular docking results of the affinity between protein receptors‐ligands are aligned with the MD binding interaction.
The supraclavicular nerve
Authors: Seror Paul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsThe aim of this study was to describe a new method for studying the supraclavicular nerve (SCN) conduction and to report four cases with SCN lesions.MethodsThe SCN was antidromically recorded with a pair of self‐adhesive electrodes located in the middle of the clavicle. Stimulation (<5 mA) was delivered 7 cm proximally with a bar electrode. To facilitate recording, it was explained to the participant that they would feel a very faint electrical sensation locally and an electrical tingle upward (ear) or downward (shoulder/clavicle). Each participant was asked to say when the tingling moved downward.ResultsIn normal subjects, median values were 16 μV (range: 9–33) for sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude; 1.2 ms (range: 1–1.5) for onset latency; and 1.25 (range: 1–1.7) for side‐to‐side amplitude ratio. In the four patients, the SCN SNAP was absent on the pathological side and normal on the healthy side. All four patients complained of unilateral neuropathic hypoesthesia on the anterior aspect of the neck, chest, and shoulder that occurred after radical neck surgery for thyroid or larynx cancer (x3) and first rib resection (x1).DiscussionA comparison with previous reports shows that this simple method provides similar or highest SNAP amplitudes. SCN lesions are rare, and rarely referred for electrodiagnosis, and often overlooked. However, the SCN conduction study, which causes very slight inconvenience (low‐intensity stimulation), allows a better understanding of the origin of the complaints and permits the patient to benefit of more suitable treatment.
Safe urodynamic practices in times of COVID‐19: What can be accomplished and what can be added?
Authors: Pereira‐Correia João A. , Gomes Carlos M. P. P. , Barbosa Paulo H. N. , Salomão Bruno A. , Morais Heitor S. , Muller Valter J. F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo present feedback, after applying national and international urodynamic study (UDS) recommendations for safe practice during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsWe created a checklist to assess the feasibility of performing UDS recommendations for safe practice during the COVID‐19 pandemic from the first week of May 2021 to the last week of July 2021.ResultsOne hundred patients were analyzed during the study period. We observed that all preventive recommendations for the steps that precede UDS could be followed in full. However, some guidelines for performing the exam were not feasible in all patients. We have successfully adopted other safety measures for all patients.ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 pandemic will likely persist for several more years. We believe that continuous improvement, revision, and updating of existing protocols and guidelines for the safe practice of UDS in times of COVID‐19, as we propose in this study, should be encouraged.
A 10 ka intentionally deformed human skull from Northeast Asia
Authors: Yin Qiyu , Li Qiang , Zhang Hucai , Ma Ning , Zhang Wei , Ni Xijun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe oldest‐known undoubted cultural practices of intentional cranial deformation (ICD, also known as artificial cranial modification) appeared in the Middle East, Australia, and Northeast China in the terminal Pleistocene‐early Holocene populations. Here, we report an ICD calvarium fossil (Songhuajiang II) discovered from an underwater sand mining site near Harbin City in Northeast China. With a calibrated accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon age of 11,095–10,745 BP, the fossil calvarium is among the oldest‐known ICD records in the world. A combination of pronounced superciliary arches, salient temporal lines, and relatively round and dull supraorbital margin, together with moderately wide interorbital space, flat glabella region without infraglabellar notch, flat and small zygomatic trigon, round and inclined superior‐lateral orbital margin, and largely closed sutures, suggests that Songhuajiang II skull belonged to a middle‐aged Asian man. The man has flat frontal and occipital bone, conical posterior parietal region, and a circular depression posterior to the coronal suture, and more subdivisions and many crenulated terminal branches on the anterior branch of the middle meningeal vessels. These features are typical for the tabular deformation methodology of ICD. The discovery, together with previously known ICD records (Songhuajiang I, Qianguo Man Qingshantou 1, and Djalai‐Nor cranium), suggests that the ICD cultural practice has a long and continuous history in Northeast Asia.
A risk classification model for prioritising the management of quality issues relating to substandard medicines in Singapore
Authors: Ang Pei San , Teo Desmond Chun Hwee , Toh Yi Long , Ng Michelle Sau Yuen , Choong Chih Tzer , Phuah Doris Sock Tin , Tan Dorothy Hooi Myn , Tan Filina Meixuan , Tan Maggie Siok Hwee , Koh Suan Tian , Thinn Wint Maw , Poh Jalene Wang Woon , Dorajoo Sreemanee Raaj 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundMonitoring for substandard medicines by regulatory agencies is a key post‐market surveillance activity. It is important to prioritise critical product defects for review to ensure that prompt risk mitigation actions are taken.MethodsA regulatory risk impact prioritisation model for product defects (RISMED) with 11 factors considering the seriousness and extent of impact of a defect was developed. The model generated an overall score that categorised cases into high, medium or low impact. The model was further developed into a statistical risk scoring model (stat‐RISMED) using multivariate logistic regression that classified cases into high and non‐high impact. Both models were evaluated against an expert‐derived gold standard annotation corpus and tested on an independent dataset.ResultsProduct defect cases received from January 2011 to June 2020 (n = 660) were used to train stat‐RISMED and cases from July 2020 to June 2021 (n = 220) for validation. The stat‐RISMED identified four factors associated with high impact cases, namely defect classification based on MedDRA‐HSA terms, therapeutic indication of product, detectability of defect and whether any overseas regulatory actions were performed. Compared to RISMED, stat‐RISMED achieved an improved sensitivity (94% vs 42%) and positive predictive value (47% vs 43%) for the identification of high impact cases, against the gold standard labels.ConclusionsThis study reported characteristics that predicts cases with high impact, and the use of a statistical model to identify such cases. The model may potentially be applied to prioritise product defect issues and strengthen overall surveillance efforts of substandard medicines.