bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A coal seam‐roof‐floor coupling destressing control method of fault coal bursts induced by deep coal seam mining
Authors: Xiao Zhimin , Gu Shitan , Zhang Yunzhao , Wang He 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFault coal bursts is a common type of coal bursts in coal mining. With increases in mining depths and mining intensities, the occurrence frequency and disaster degree of coal bursts in fault‐controlled areas are increasing in severity. Therefore, in this article, the mechanism and control method of deep mining‐induced fault coal bursts are analysed on the No. 3402 longwall panel controlled by two faults in the Shandong Mine, China. Based on the microseismic monitoring data of the longwall panel, the fault activation process induced by mining can be divided into four stages. The second energy release and fault activation stages are risk stages of fault coal bursts. Using numerical simulation, the evolution laws of vertical stress, elastic strain energy in front of the longwall panel, and the ratio of shear stress to normal stress on fault plane are investigated. The phenomenon of a ‘high elastic energy section‐low elastic energy section’ coal pillar between faults is revealed, and the mechanism of coal pillar coal bursts induced by high elastic energy is discussed. Third, based on the above research results, coal burts risk areas of the longwall panel in the fault‐controlled area are determined. The method of ‘coal seam‐roof‐floor coupling destressing with the reduction in mining speed’ to control fault coal bursts is introduced. Field test results show that the method effectively destroys the integrity and bearing capacity of the coal seam, significantly reduces the energy storage capacity of the superposition area of mining stress and fault tectonic stress, so that the coal bursts risk of the coal seam in the fault control area is relieved, ensuring safe and efficient mining of the longwall panel. The method can provide a reference for other coal mines with similar geological conditions.
An investigation on simultaneous freshwater production and CO2 capture using flue gas of a power plant
Authors: Soomro Mujeeb Iqbal , Ullah Asad , Khan Muhammad Adil 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper presents an investigation on simultaneous freshwater production and CO2 capture using the flue gases of a 500 MWe coal‐fired power plant. Generally, a fan/cooler is used to reduce the temperature of flue gas before flowing into the absorber column of a CO2 capture unit. It has been replaced with a heat exchanger in this study. Seawater and flue gas were passed through the heat exchanger to raise the temperature of seawater and reduce the temperature of flue gas. The high‐temperature seawater was subsequently fed into a membrane distillation (MD) unit for freshwater production. The cold flue gas was directed to the CO2 capture unit. The heat exchanger and CO2 capture unit were modeled with Aspen Plus software. Whereas MATLAB software was used to develop and solve the MD mathematical model software for freshwater production. The seawater flow rate was varied from 4000 L/min to 7000 L/min in the heat exchanger. As a result, the flue gas (flow rate 781.6 t/h) and the outlet seawater temperatures were reduced from 27.498 to 22.360°C and 73.384 to 52.670°C, respectively. However, higher inlet seawater temperature in the MD unit produced more freshwater. An increase in inlet seawater feed temperature in the MD unit from 52.670 to 73.384°C increased the freshwater production from 211,956.5 to 299,244 L/day. Furthermore, the CO2 capture process has been analyzed by varying the methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and piperazine (PZ) concentrations in weight% (45 and 5, 40 and 10, 35 and 15, and 30 and 20, respectively). It was observed that the energy requirement reduced from 3.55 to 3.26 MJ/kg CO2 by increasing the PZ content from 5 to 20 wt.%. At 15 and 20 wt.% of PZ content in the blended solution of MDEA/PZ, the energy required to regenerate the solvent was 3.31 and 3.26 MJ/kg CO2, respectively. PZ emissions from the absorber were also increased with the raising of PZ content in the blended solution. The energy requirement was not much higher at 15 wt.% than 20 wt.%. Therefore, MDEA/PZ solution (15/35 wt.%) was considered an optimal concentration. The reboiler duty was reduced up to 3.25 MJ/kg CO2 at 15/35 wt.% concentration with stripper pressure of 2.3 bar. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A perspective on astrocyte regulation of neural circuit function and animal behavior
Authors: Hirrlinger Johannes , Nimmerjahn Axel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStudies over the past two decades have demonstrated that astrocytes are tightly associated with neurons and play pivotal roles in neural circuit development, operation, and adaptation in health and disease. Nevertheless, precisely how astrocytes integrate diverse neuronal signals, modulate neural circuit structure and function at multiple temporal and spatial scales, and influence animal behavior or disease through aberrant excitation and molecular output remains unclear. This Perspective discusses how new and state‐of‐the‐art approaches, including fluorescence indicators, opto‐ and chemogenetic actuators, genetic targeting tools, quantitative behavioral assays, and computational methods, might help resolve these longstanding questions. It also addresses complicating factors in interpreting astrocytes' role in neural circuit regulation and animal behavior, such as their heterogeneity, metabolism, and inter‐glial communication. Research on these questions should provide a deeper mechanistic understanding of astrocyte‐neuron assemblies' role in neural circuit function, complex behaviors, and disease.
Electromagnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow in hybrid nanofluid with thermal radiation effect: Numerical simulation
Authors: Sulochana C. , Prasanna Kumar T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHybrid nanofluid boundary layer flow past a stretching surface with zero mass flux boundary condition is explored in this article. The main aim of this article is to analyze the electromagnetohydrodynamic role in a hybrid nanofluid containing silver and molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles. The self‐similar solution is embedded to reduce the governing partial differential equation into algebraic equations and a shooting algorithm is applied to obtain the solution of the resultant boundary value problem. Variation in momentum, energy, and nanoparticle concentration is explained through graphical profiles. Nusselt number and drag force coefficients are computed for various flow parameters and their impact on the nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid is computed and presented and explained in a comparative fashion. It is observed that the velocity profile shows the opposite nature with respect to the electric field and magnetic field. For electric field parameter velocity accelerates whereas for magnetic parameter velocity diminishes. Nusselt number increases with electric field parameter and nanoparticle volume fraction.
Pharmacological role of Vitamin C in stress‐induced cardiac dysfunction via alteration in Gut microbiota
Authors: Anwar Firoz , Alhayyani Sultan , Al‐Abbasi Fahad A. , Nadeem Muhammad Shahid , Kumar Vikas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere is emerging evidence exhibiting the strong association of gut microbiota with cardiovascular metabolic functions. Cardiac diseases may alter the richness, diversity, and composition of the gut microbiome. Vitamin C (Vit C) plays an important role in many metabolic activities in cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we induced cardiac remodeling by the forced swim stress model in rats, which resulted in dysbiosis. Adult male Wistar rats were designated into the following groups: (i) normal control (NC), (ii) forced swim induced stress (FSIS) control, (iii) FSIS + Vit C treatment, and (iv) Vit C control. Stool samples were collected for estimation for 90 days, and at the end of the study, the animals were killed and heart tissue was isolated for histochemical analysis. We observed a sharp fall in the operational taxonomic unit in the FSIS control animals as compared to NC animals. Treatment with Vit C exhibited a decrease in Bacteroidetes while raising the abundance of spirochetes. Plasma levels of creatine kinase myocardial band (CKMB) in the treatment group reduced to 175.7 ± 3.41 U/L, from 317.7 ± 34.48 U/L in the diabetic control group. Also, the C‐reactive protein level in the disease control group was 18 ± 0.93 mg/dl, which reduced to the normal level of 7.53 ± 0.20 mg/dl on treatment with Vit C administration. Our results suggest that FSIS induced cardiac complication is also associated with changes in gut microbial abundance. Higher doses of Vit C, which strengthens the immunity, have shown some positive outcomes on cardiac complications. The abundance of gut microbiota is also associated with the immune system, which in turn marks the impact of a disease. More the richness and diversity of the gut microbiome, healthier is the composition that can withstand the external threats of disease and other major challenges in the environment. Hence microbiome abundance plays an important role in the therapies or future prospects of disease. Histopathological studies support the serological and microbiome examination and warrant the cardioprotective influence of Vit C in the stress‐induced cardiac dysfunction model.
microRNA‐486‐5p is implicated in the cisplatin‐induced apoptosis and acute inflammation response of renal tubular epithelial cells by targeting HAT1
Authors: Lin Fang‐You , Han Shang‐Ting , Yu Wei‐Min , Rao Ting , Ruan Yuan , Yuan Run , Li Hao‐Yong , Ning Jin‐Zhuo , Xia Yu‐Qi , Xie Jin‐Na , Qi Yu‐Cheng , Zhou Xiang‐Jun , Cheng Fan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe proinflammatory property of cisplatin is potentially destructive and contributes to the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). The role and upstream regulatory mechanism of histone acetyltransferase 1 (HAT1) in acute kidney inflammation are still unknown. We performed RNA sequencing to filter differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in the kidney tissue of mice with AKI induced by cisplatin and ischemia‐reperfusion. Here, we found that miR‐486‐5p was upregulated and that the expression of HAT1 was reduced in AKI mouse models and injured human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell (HK‐2) model induced by cisplatin. miR‐486‐5p is implicated in cisplatin‐induced kidney damage in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis predicted a potential binding site between miR‐486‐5p and HAT1. The Luciferase reporter assay and Western blot confirmed that miR‐486‐5p directly targeted the 3′‐untranslated region of HAT1 mRNA and inhibited its expression in the cytoplasm of HK‐2 cells. In the in vitro study, inhibiting miR‐486‐5p reduced apoptosis, and the expression of proinflammatory mediators was induced by cisplatin in HK‐2 cells. Simultaneously, the downregulation of miR‐486‐5p inhibited the activation of the toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB). We further found that HAT1 could inhibit apoptosis and the activation of cisplatin on the TLR4/NF‐κB pathway and that the upregulation of miR‐486‐5p reversed this effect. Therefore, the upregulation of miR‐486‐5p targeting HAT1 promoted the cisplatin‐induced apoptosis and acute inflammation response of renal tubular epithelial cells by activating the TLR4/NF‐κB pathway, providing a new basis to highlight the potential intervention of regulating the miR‐486‐5p/HAT1 axis.
2‐mercaptobenzothiazole generates γ‐H2AX via CYP2E1‐dependent production of reactive oxygen species in urothelial cells
Authors: Qi Yonggang , Toyooka Tatsushi , Horiguchi Hyogo , Koda Shigeki , Wang Rui‐Sheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrtho (o)‐toluidine is a widely known carcinogenic substance associated with cancers of the human bladder. A study on British chemical factory workers exposed to 2‐mercaptobenzothiazole, phenyl‐β‐naphthylamine, aniline, and o‐toluidine demonstrated the crucial roles of o‐toluidine, 2‐mercaptobenzothiazole, and phenyl‐β‐naphthylamine in the development of bladder cancer. As genotoxic events are crucial steps in the initiation of cancer, in the present study, we aimed to examine the genotoxic potential of the four chemicals using phosphorylated histone H2AX (γ‐H2AX), which is a sensitive and reliable marker of DNA damage, in cultured human urothelial cells. Of the four chemicals, 2‐mercaptobenzothiazole was a particularly potent DNA‐damaging agent. Moreover, mechanistic studies revealed that γ‐H2AX generation by 2‐mercaptobenzothiazole was mainly associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species via cytochrome P450 2E1‐mediated metabolism. The findings of this study may provide information that is important for the assessment of risks associated with chemicals as well as the interpretation of epidemiological studies investigating occupational bladder cancer.
The effect of off‐centerσ‐hole on the atom‐centered partial charges in halogenated molecules
Authors: Leskourová Aneta , Kolář Michal H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPartial atomic charges belong to key concepts of computational chemistry. In some cases, however, they fail in describing the electrostatics of molecules. One such example is the ‐hole, a region of positive electrostatic potential located on halogens and other atoms. In molecular mechanics, the ‐hole is often modeled as a pseudo‐atom with a positive partial charge located off the halogen nucleus. Here we address a question, to what extent the pseudo‐atom affects partial charges of other atoms in the molecule. To this aim, we have thoroughly analyzed partial charges of over 2300 halogenated molecules from the ZINC database calculated by the restricted electrostatic potential (RESP) method and compared them with the charges fitted by RESP including the pseudo‐atom. We show that the pseudo‐atom improves charge fitting for a vast majority of molecules. The ‐hole, modeled as the off‐center charge, affects the atoms within three covalent bonds from the halogen.
No impact of donor sex on the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation
Authors: Taura Kojiro , Shimamura Tsuyoshi , Akamatsu Nobuhisa , Umeshita Koji , Fujiyoshi Masato , Abe Hiroyasu , Morita Satoshi , Uemoto Shinji , Eguchi Susumu , Furukawa Hiroyuki , Takada Yasutsugu , Egawa Hiroto , Ohdan Hideki , Hatano Etsuro ,   the Japanese Liver Transplantation Society
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground/PurposeWe aimed to verify a recent theory that female donors reduced the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT).MethodsA total of 1118 recipients registered in the Japanese Liver Transplantation Society database were evaluated for HCC, of whom 446 received a graft from female donors (F‐D group) and 672 from male donors (M‐D group).ResultsBetween the groups, donor age, recipient age and sex, positivity of hepatitis viruses, and graft type were different, whereas tumor‐related factors were all comparable. The 5‐year overall recurrence rates were 14% and 16% in the F‐D and M‐D groups, respectively (P = 0.59). The 5‐year graft recurrence rate was also comparable between the groups (4% and 6%, respectively, P = 0.17). Neither univariate nor multivariate analysis identified donor sex as a significant risk factor for recurrence. Propensity score matching showed similar 5‐year overall recurrence rates (15% in the F‐D group and 14% in the M‐D group, P = 0.63) and graft recurrence rates (5% and 5%, respectively, P = 0.94) between the groups.ConclusionDonor sex did not affect post‐LT recurrence of HCC in the Japanese cohort and should not be considered in the process of donor selection or organ allocation.
Biologically active thio‐pyrimidinones from base‐catalyzed thiol‐ene coupling with maleimides
Authors: Feitosa Sidney Gustavo Diniz , Maciel Larissa Gonçalves , dos Anjos Janaína Versiani 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of 2‐thiopyrimidinones through thiol‐ene coupling is reported here, resulting in 35 unpublished molecules. Thiopyrimidinones may exhibit one up to three tautomeric forms, and favoring the thiol tautomer is favored is the key to success of this reaction. Five compounds from all obtained products, those substituted with a carbonyl ester portion in the side chain, were chosen to be tested in a preliminary evaluation for human aldose reductase inhibition. All tested compounds showed an inhibition percentage equal to or >60%.
Synthesis and pyrolysis of two novel pyrrole ester flavor precursors
Authors: Fan Wenpeng , Chu Wenjuan , Tian Haiying , Zhang Zhan , Feng Yingjie , Gao Ziting , Cheng Biao , Ji Xiaoming , Lai Miao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn order to develop the high‐temperature‐released pyrrole aroma, two novel flavors precursors of methyl 2‐methyl‐5‐(((2‐methylbutanoyl)oxy)methyl)‐1‐propyl‐1H‐pyrrole‐3‐carboxylate and methyl 2‐methyl‐5‐(((2‐methylbutanoyl)oxy)methyl)‐1‐propyl‐1H‐pyrrole‐3‐carboxylate were synthesized using glucosamine hydrochloride and methyl acetoacetate as raw materials through cyclization, oxidation, alkylation, reduction, and esterification. The target compounds were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR, 13C NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and the pyrolysis‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py‐GC/MS) methods were used to analyze the heating‐stability of the target compounds, and the pyrolysis mechanism was inferred. Py‐GC/MS results indicated that some fragrance compounds were formed during thermal degradation such as 2‐methylbutyric acid, 2‐methylbutyrate, alkylpyrroles, and benzoic acid, which were important aroma components or flavor additives. This provided a theoretical reference for the application of pyrrole ester in cigarette and heat‐processed food flavoring.
Synthetic approaches toward butenolide‐containing natural products
Authors: Tadiparthi Krishnaji , Venkatesh Swathy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe butenolide scaffold is ubiquitous in many natural products and pharmaceutical active ingredients. These candidates appeal to organic chemists for the synthesis of products with various biological activities. This review delineates the efforts made in the total synthesis of natural products based on the butenolide core unit such as umbelactones, akolactones, ansepcinolide, lissoclinolide, fugomycin, and muricadienin. Many of the reported syntheses involve chiral pool, enzyme resolution, and chiral auxiliary, or enantioselective approaches as a key step. Overall, this review highlights the synthetic methods involved in the preparation of butenolide‐containing molecules and aims to increase the profile of such scaffolds to the synthetic community.
Synergistic use of glycomics and single‐molecule molecular inversion probes for identification of congenital disorders of glycosylation type‐1
Authors: Abu Bakar Nurulamin , Ashikov Angel , Brum Jaime Moritz , Smeets Roel , Kersten Marjan , Huijben Karin , Keng Wee Teik , Speck‐Martins Carlos Eduardo , de Carvalho Daniel Rocha , de Rizzo Isabela Maria Pinto Oliveira , de Mello Walquiria Domingues , Heiner‐Fokkema Rebecca , Gorman Kathleen , Grunewald Stephanie , Michelakakis Helen , Moraitou Marina , Martinelli Diego , van Scherpenzeel Monique , Janssen Mirian , de Boer Lonneke , van den Heuvel Lambertus P. , Thiel Christian , Lefeber Dirk J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCongenital disorders of glycosylation type 1 (CDG‐I) comprise a group of 27 genetic defects with heterogeneous multisystem phenotype, mostly presenting with nonspecific neurological symptoms. The biochemical hallmark of CDG‐I is a partial absence of complete N‐glycans on transferrin. However, recent findings of a diagnostic N‐tetrasaccharide for ALG1‐CDG and increased high‐mannose N‐glycans for a few other CDG suggested the potential of glycan structural analysis for CDG‐I gene discovery. We analyzed the relative abundance of total plasma N‐glycans by high resolution quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry in a large cohort of 111 CDG‐I patients with known (n = 75) or unsolved (n = 36) genetic cause. We designed single‐molecule molecular inversion probes (smMIPs) for sequencing of CDG‐I candidate genes on the basis of specific N‐glycan signatures. Glycomics profiling in patients with known defects revealed novel features such as the N‐tetrasaccharide in ALG2‐CDG patients and a novel fucosylated N‐pentasaccharide as specific glycomarker for ALG1‐CDG. Moreover, group‐specific high‐mannose N‐glycan signatures were found in ALG3‐, ALG9‐, ALG11‐, ALG12‐, RFT1‐, SRD5A3‐, DOLK‐, DPM1‐, DPM3‐, MPDU1‐, ALG13‐CDG, and hereditary fructose intolerance. Further differential analysis revealed high‐mannose profiles, characteristic for ALG12‐ and ALG9‐CDG. Prediction of candidate genes by glycomics profiling in 36 patients with thus far unsolved CDG‐I and subsequent smMIPs sequencing led to a yield of solved cases of 78% (28/36). Combined plasma glycomics profiling and targeted smMIPs sequencing of candidate genes is a powerful approach to identify causative mutations in CDG‐I patient cohorts.
Obesity promotes lipid accumulation in mouse cartilage—A potential role of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC) mediated chondrocyte de novo lipogenesis
Authors: Liu Huanhuan , Witzigreuter Luke , Sathiaseelan Roshini , Agbaga Martin‐Paul , Brush Richard S. , Stout Michael B. , Zhu Shouan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObesity promotes the development of osteoarthritis (OA). It is also well‐established that obesity leads to excessive lipid deposition in nonadipose tissues, which often induces lipotoxicity. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in the levels of various lipids in mouse cartilage in the context of obesity and determine if chondrocyte de novo lipogenesis is altered. We used Oil Red O to determine the accumulation of lipid droplets in cartilage from mice fed high‐fat diet (HFD) or low‐fat diet (LFD). We further used mass spectrometry‐based lipidomic analyses to quantify levels of different lipid species. Expression of genes involving in fatty acid (FA) uptake, synthesis, elongation, and desaturation were examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. To further study the potential mechanisms, we cultured primary mouse chondrocytes under high‐glucose and high‐insulin conditions to mimic the local microenvironment associated with obesity and subsequently examined the abundance of cellular lipid droplets. The acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibitor, ND‐630, was added to the culture medium to examine the effect of inhibiting de novo lipogenesis on lipid accumulation in chondrocytes. When compared to the mice receiving LFD, the HFD group displayed more chondrocytes with visible intracellular lipid droplets. Significantly higher amounts of total FAs were also detected in the HFD group. Five out of six significantly upregulated FAs were ω‐6 FAs, while the two significantly downregulated FAs were ω‐3 FAs. Consequently, the HFD group displayed a significantly higher ω‐6/ω‐3 FA ratio. Ether linked phosphatidylcholine was also found to be higher in the HFD group. Fatty acid desaturase (Fad1‐3), fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (Fabp4), and fatty acid synthase (Fasn) transcripts were not found to be different between the treatment groups and fatty acid elongase (Elovl1‐7) transcripts were undetectable in cartilage. Ceramide synthase 2 (Cers‐2), the only transcript found to be changed in these studies, was significantly upregulated in the HFD group. In vitro, chondrocytes upregulated de novo lipogenesis when cultured under high‐glucose, high‐insulin conditions, and this observation was associated with the activation of ACC, which was attenuated by the addition of ND‐630. This study provides the first evidence that lipid deposition is increased in cartilage with obesity and that this is associated with the upregulation of ACC‐mediated de novo lipogenesis. This was supported by our observation that ACC inhibition ameliorated lipid accumulation in chondrocytes, thereby suggesting that ACC could potentially be targeted to treat obesity‐associated OA.