bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial Distribution of Radiometric and Dosimetric Parameters in Soil Samples from Selected Areas in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Ikoko N. L. A. , Briggs-Kamara M. A. , Sigalo F. B. , Amakiri A. R. C. , Ude H. N. 
Published: June 2022

Radiation from radioactive materials/radionuclides in the environment enhanced by anthropogenic activities is presently of a great concern globally. The objective of this study is to determine the radiometric and dosimetric parameters from soil samples collected randomly from the study area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The samples were prepared using standard methods and analyzed with a high resolution Hyperpure Germanium Detector configuration (HPGe). The results showed the clay samples to have higher activity concentration to the sands samples with activity concentration of clay samples ranging between 68.99±9.05 –189, 42±21.11Bq/kg and the sand samples with activity concentration range of 17.95±5.87 – 38.59±7.43Bq/kg. The activity concentration spatial distribution map in clay lithologies showed 2 peak values trending north-west, while the sand lithology showed a single peak central distribution. The result also showed the values of the absorbed doses with the 8 clay samples values ranging between 59.09 - 155.25nGy/h and sand samples values between 17.90 – 33.92nGy/h. The spatial distribution of the dose showed 2 peak central distribution in clay samples and north-east trending distribution of high peak values for samples with sand lithologies. In addition, the results showed an effective absorbed dose of range of 0.235-0.0616mSv/y for samples with clay lithology and 0.0071-0.0135mSv/y for samples with sand lithology The activity concentration of all the samples studied are below the 1000Bq/kg international reference limit for Radium 226, Thorium 232, uranium 238 and 10,000Bq/kg for potassium 40. The absorbed dose rate and annual effective absorbed dose are also below the international reference limits published by ICRP, 2007 and UNSCEAR, 2000 publications. Also, effective activity maximum limit of 370Bq/kg for input raw materials for public building is not exceeded.
The Reconstruction of the Late Pleistocene and Holocene Vegetation Dynamics in Lake Eyasi Basin, Northern Tanzania
Authors: Bushozi Pastory M. , Mumbi Cassian T. , Muiruri Veronica M. , Mwitondi Musa S. 
Published: June 2022

Lake Eyasi Basin of northern Tanzania plays a pivotal role in the study of human-environment interactions and in understanding human flexibility and adaptability through technological innovations over time and space. In this study, phytoliths from ancient soils and fossil pollen proxies from radiocarbon-dated sequences from Kisimangeda on the north-eastern edge of the Lake Eyasi Basin, are used to interpret trends in climatic changes recorded since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present. We used pollen and phytolith abundances from a core that was recovered on the northern margin of saline Lake Eyasi at the depth of five metres. The application of principal component and cluster analysis, together with linear regression provides insight into dataset structure and grouping with reference to the modern comparative datasets that in turn allow us to classify the various palaeoenvironments and paleohabitats occupied by the late Later Stone Age, Pastoral Neolithic, and Iron Age inhabitants of Kisimangeda. The chronological order, pollen and phytolith records in the studied part of the basin signify palaeoenvironments analogous to the Somalia-Maasai bushland and grassland ecosystems of today.
Keywords: Palaeoenvironments; Late Pleistocene; Holocene; pollen; phytoliths; human adaptation
Factors Influencing the Choice of Place of Delivery of a First Child among Nigerian Women
Authors: Adeniyi Olakiitan I , Afolabi Nathanael B , Akinrefon Adesupo A , Omekam Ifeyinwa V , Olonijolu Ifeoluwa R 
Published: June 2022

Among the factors responsible for maternal deaths in developing countries is complications during pregnancy and childbirth, and as such, the choice of place for delivery is vital as the quality of attention received can either aid or reduce the risks attached to child bearing. This study seeks to statistically model factors that determine the place of delivery in Nigeria among women of reproductive age taking into consideration possible nesting structure in the mode of data collection. A two-level hierarchical multilevel logistic model with the individual women as the lower level and the state of residence as the second level was applied to 2018 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) data. Results showed that the odd of choosing a government or private facility reduced by 58.6% and 85.9%, respectively. Women in the rural areas are 12% and 20% less likely to choose either a government or private facility, additional education increases the odd of choosing any of the two facilities against home delivery. Other significant variables were wealth index, religion, assistance during labour and the number of antenatal visits.
Keyword: Place of delivery; Nesting; Multilevel Logistic Model; Odds and Antenatal Care
Quality of chronic care for patients with type 2 diabetes in practices with and without a Clinical Specialized Medical Assistant (CSMA) – a cross-sectional study from Switzerland
Authors: Ansorg Anna-Katharina , Tabea Jungo Katharina , Hilfiker Esther , Felber Rainer , Trageser Judith , Pierre Arnet Beat , Schenk Marianne , Streit Sven 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Due to Switzerland’s shortage of general practitioners (GPs), task shifting through interprofessional collaboration is needed to relieve GPs’ workload and allow the continued provision of quality care. The profession of specialized medical assistant (SMA) was created in Switzerland several years ago to provide a career advancement opportunity for medical practice assistants (MPAs) and intended to counteract the increasing scarcity of resources in primary care. Clinical specialized medical assistants (CSMAs) are trained to care for a set of chronic conditions, such as diabetes.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the quality of care for patients with type 2 diabetes in practices with and without CSMAs. Further, we aimed to investigate whether evidence exists that CSMA care models may allow for task shifting and the provision of interprofessional care while maintaining a high quality of care and to assess patient experiences with diabetes care in both care models.

METHODS: The present study was a paper-based cross-sectional survey of patient data. A total of 171 patients with type 2 diabetes who had been under the care of either a GP with CSMA (91 patients) or a GP without CSMA (80 patients) for at least one year were consecutively recruited for the study. Data were collected from mid-September 2020 to mid-June 2021. For the statistical analyses, we used descriptive statistics and t-tests.

RESULTS: Patients from both practice types were comparable in age, gender and diabetes-relevant factors such as Body Mass Index, smoking status and blood pressure. Overall, patients in both models received a high quality of care (Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire, DTSQ >32/36 points, SGED >75 points) and a low treatment burden (Treatment Burden Questionnaire, TBQ <20/150 points). When comparing patients’ DTSQ, SGED and TBQ in both groups, we found no significant differences in diabetes-specific satisfaction (32.1 [SD 3.6] vs. 32.4 [SD 3.8], p = 0.7), SGED score (80.2 [SD 8.5] vs. 75.9 [SD 4.8], p = 0.18) or treatment burden (19.2 [SD 15.6] vs. 18.8 [SD 21.4], p = 0.89).
CONCLUSION: Our comparison of patient-reported outcomes and SGED criteria of patients with type 2 diabetes in practices with and without CSMAs showed an equally high quality of care and a low treatment burden. More research is needed on the long-term effects and benefits of the care provided by CSMAs and which other tasks could be shifted to CSMAs to reduce the burden on GPs in the future. At the same time, an increasing number of patients with type 2 diabetes will require high-quality primary care.
Analisis Tindak Tutur Perlokusi Dalam Video Presiden Jokowi Perpanjang PPKM Level 4 Hingga 2 Agustus Dalam Channel Youtube Kompas TV
Authors: Aris Setiawan  , Amanda Sistiani  , Asep Purwo Yudi Utomo  
Published: June 2022

Tindak tutur adalah sebuah produk dari ujaran kalimat pada suatu keadaan tertentu. Tindak tutur juga merupakan satuan paling kecil dari komunikasi bahasa yang dapat menentukan makna kalimat. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis akan lebih memfokuskan penelitian pada tindak tutur perlokusi yang ada di dalam video Presiden Jokowi Perpanjang PPKM Level 4 Hingga 2 Agustus yang terdapat di channel youtube Kompas TV. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis akan lebih memfokuskan penelitian pada tindak tutur perlokusi yang ada di dalam video Presiden Jokowi Perpanjang PPKM Level 4 Hingga 2 Agustus yang terdapat di channel youtube Kompas TV. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metodologis dan teoritis. Penelitian pedekatan metodologis menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan pendekatan teoritis menggunakan pendekatan pragmatik. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil 12 tindak tutur perlokusi yang memiliki penanda tuturan melaporkan, menakut-nakuti, permintaan, perintah, melegakan, menyenangkan, ajakan, dan efek yang ditimbulkan dengan adanya tindak tutur perlokusi tersebut, yaitu efek takut, efek panik, efek melakukan kebijakan, efek melakukan permintaan, efek senang, efek menerima ajakan, efek melakukan perintah, efek menuruti perintah. Penelitian ini memiliki manfaat yaitu untuk menambah pengetahuan/informasi dalam bidang pragmatik khususnya pada jenis tindak tutur perlokusi beserta daya pengaruh yang ditimbulkan oleh tuturan tersebut.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Tematik Muatan IPA Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 4 Kelusa
Authors: Mahardika Komang , Widiastuti Ni Luh Gede Karang 
Published: June 2022

Kegiatan pembelajaran dilaksanakan berdasarkan aturan-aturan yang tertuang pada kurikulum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar tematik muatan IPA Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 4 Kelusa melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran project based learning. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Secara ringkas, penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, meliputi empat tahapan yaitu ; Perencanaa, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 4 Kelusa yang berjumlah 15 siswa terdiri dari 8 orang laki-laki dan 7 orang perempuan. Data hasil belajar tematik muatan IPA siswa dikumpulkan dengan tes hasil belajar. Data yang telah dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Adapun hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah peningkatan persentase hasil belajar tematik muatan IPA siswa sebesar 7,3% dari 75,3% pada siklus I menjadi 82,6% pada siklus II. Ketuntasan klasikal Pra siklus sebesar 13% meningkat sebesar 47% menjadi 60% pada siklus I meningkat lagi 26% menjadi 86% pada siklus II. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode pembelajaran project based learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar tematik muatan IPA siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 4 Kelusa.
Legal Issues of the Russian Penal Legislation
Authors: Антипов А.Н. , Строгович Ю.Н. 
Published: June 2022

Эффективность функционирования уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации в большой степени зависит от качества нормативного правового регулирования в данной сфере. Нередко имеющие место недостатки обусловлены такими правовыми дефектами, как терминологическая нечеткость, что формирует риски неопределенности и (или) неоднозначности в правоприменительной практике, пробельность при конструировании правовых норм. Авторы на примере анализа ч. 3 ст. 80 Уголовно-исполнительного кодекса Российской Федерации рассматривают имеющиеся проблемы и обозначают перспективные направления их возможного устранения
Effective functioning of the Russian penal enforcement system largely depends on the quality of regulatory legal regulation in this area. Inherent shortcomings often are associated with legal defects, such as terminological vagueness, which creates risks of uncertainty and (or) ambiguity in law enforcement practice, gaps in the construction of legal norms. Having analyzed Part 3 of Article 80 of the Penal Enforcement Code of the Russian Federation, the authors determine existing problems and promising directions for their possible solution.
Topical Issues of Expanding the List of Other Participants in Criminal Proceedings in the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation
Authors: Морозов Р.М. , Воробьева А.А. 
Published: June 2022

В статье на основе действующего российского законодательства, судебной практики рассматриваются статусы секретаря судебного заседания, судебного пристава по организации обеспечения установленного порядка деятельности судов и представителя учреждений, органов, исполняющих уголовное наказание, как иных участников уголовного процесса. Проведен сравнительный уголовно-процессуальный анализ зарубежного законодательства, регламентирующего вопросы участия отдельных участников уголовного процесса. Авторами указывается на правовой пробел, связанный с отсутствием правового статуса вышеуказанных участников уголовного процесса в уголовно-процессуальном законодательстве. Сформулированы изменения, предусматривающие создание новой главы УПК РФ, где должны быть отражены понятия отдельных должностных лиц, выступающих в качестве иных участников уголовного процесса, а также их отдельные права и обязанности.
On the basis of current Russian legislation and judicial practice, the article examines statuses of the court session secretary, bailiff for organization of ensuring the established procedure for court activities and representative of institutions and bodies executing criminal punishment as other participants in the criminal process. A comparative criminal procedural analysis of foreign legislation regulating individual’s participation in the criminal process is conducted. The authors point out the legal gap associated with absence of the legal status of the abovementioned participants in the criminal process in the criminal procedure legislation. The work presents amendments envisaging creation of a new chapter of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation, which should reflect concepts of individual officials acting as other participants in the criminal process, as well as their individual rights and obligations
On Improving Legal Regulation of the Criminal Case Initiation Stage
Authors: Цветков Ю.А. 
Published: June 2022

В статье анализируются основные аргументы сторонников и противников сохранения стадии возбуждения уголовного дела, в частности указываются истинные причины проблем, возникающих в практике применения норм, регламентирующих данную стадию. Автором формулируются первоочередные задачи и предложения, направленные на совершенствование уголовно-процессуального законодательства и позволяющие приспособить данный институт к требованиям времени вместо ликвидации либо деконструкции.
The article analyzes key arguments of supporters and opponents of preserving the stage of initiation of criminal proceedings, indicates true roots of the problems arising in the practice of applying norms regulating this stage, formulates priority tasks and proposals aimed at improving the criminal procedural legislation and adapting this institution to requirements of the time, instead of its liquidation or deconstruction
On the Issue of Typical Problems in the Activities of Penal Inspectorates in Small Settlements
Authors: Кириловский О.В. , Рыбакова А.А. 
Published: June 2022

В статье рассмотрены актуальные проблемы в деятельности уголовно-исполнительных инспекций и их филиалов, расположенных в населенных пунктах с небольшой численностью жителей. Выявленные сложности имеют различные основания возникновения, условно их можно разделить на две группы: вопросы организационно-правового характера, связанные с исполнением наказаний в виде обязательных и исправительных работ, и проблемы повышения эффективности выполнения служебных обязанностей молодыми сотрудниками инспекций. Авторами предлагаются меры правового и организационного характера, устраняющие данные казусы, направленные на повышение эффективности деятельности уголовно-исполнительных инспекций в целом
The article deals with current problems in the activities of penal inspectorates and their branches located in settlements with a small population. The identified difficulties have various reasons for their occurrence; conditionally they can be divided into two groups: organizational and legal issues related to execution of punishments in the form of mandatory and correctional labor, and problems of improving performance of official duties by young employees of inspectorates. The authors propose measures of a legal and organizational nature that eliminate these incidents and are aimed at improving efficiency of penal inspectorates in general.
Detective Work in Russia at the Beginning of the 19th Century
Authors: Кучин О.С. , Бондаренко П.К. 
Published: June 2022

В статье на основе изучения официальных документов Российской империи проанализирована деятельность полиции в начале XIX в. В частности рассматриваются создание Министерства внутренних дел и попытки образовать особый полицейский орган для розыскных дел. На протяжении исследуемого периода функции и задачи МВД, его подразделений на местах уточнялись и совершенствовались
Based on the study of official documents of the Russian Empire, the article analyzes activities of the police at the beginning of the 19th century; in particular, creation of the Ministry of the Interior and attempts to form a special police body for investigative cases are being considered. During the study period, functions and tasks of the Ministry of the Interior and its local units are clarified and improved.
Compreensão de adolescentes sobre as informações nutricionais e suas formas de apresentação em rótulos de alimentos
Authors: Monteiro Souza Rosa Beatriz , Queiroz Valente Érica , Monteiro Silva Fernanda 
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento dos adolescentes de uma escola pública sobre as formas de apresentação das informações nutricionais nos rótulos dos alimentos. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, baseado na utilização de um questionário pertinente as informações socioeconômicas e a compreensão dos rótulos de alimentos pelos adolescentes de uma escola pública, na faixa etária de 12 a 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, aplicado em 241 estudantes da sétima série ao terceiro ano do ensino médio. Resultados: Os resultados encontrados nesta população foram: 64% (n=154) não realizam a leitura dos rótulos, no entanto, 62% (n=149) entendem as informações nutricionais. Além disso, 42,7% (n=103) dos estudantes apontam as letras pequenas como a principal dificuldade na compreensão dos rótulos, 25,52% (n=85) consideram a qualidade nutricional como a mais importante no momento da compra e 39,8% (n=96) compreendem com mais facilidade o modelo tradicional vertical. Conclusão: A maioria dos adolescentes não têm o hábito de ler o rótulo, além de sentir dificuldade na leitura e interpretação dos rótulos e informação nutricional. Quanto aos modelos de apresentação da informação nutricional, o modelo linear foi avaliado como de mais difícil compreensão e os modelos frontais de semáforo e de advertência em triângulos apresentaram certa dificuldade de compreensão. Neste sentido, é necessário que as ações da educação alimentar e nutricional nas escolas abordem mais sobre rotulagem de alimentos.
Nutritional vitamin D is efficacious for reducing intact Parathyroid hormone in chronic kidney disease, a prospective interventional study
Authors: Memon Shoukat , Ashar Alam  , Salman Imtiaz  
Published: June 2022

Objective: To see the efficacy of oral cholecalciferol administered to chronic kidney disease patients with vitamin D deficiency.
Methods: The prospective interventional study was conducted at the Indus Hospital, Karachi, from January 11, 2017, to January 10, 2018, and comprised diagnosed pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients of either gender aged >14 years having vitamin D deficiency. Oral vitamin D 50,000IU was given weekly to those who had severe deficiency <10ng/ml, and every other week to those with less severe 10-25ng/ml deficiency for 3 months. Improvement in vitamin D level was checked along with other chronic kidney disease markers every month over the 3-month period. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.
Results: Of the 186 patients enrolled, 129(%) completed the study; 76(58.5%) males and 53(40.8%) females. Overall, 105(81.4%) patients achieved normal vitamin D levels after 3 months of treatment. Significant negative but weak correlation of phosphate, creatinine and intact parathyroid hormone levels was found with vitamin D (p<0.05). Significant positive but weak correlation was found between albumin and vitamin D levels (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Significant efficacy of oral vitamin D in chronic kidney disease patients was seen.
Relationship between apoA-I, chemerin, Procalcitonin and severity of hyperlipidaemia-induced acute pancreatitis
Authors: Yin Yuan , Wei Na , Zheng Zhiqiang , Liang Hongliang 
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between apoA-I, chemerin, and Procalcitonin (PCT) and the severity of hyperlipidaemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HLAP), as well as the importance of their application in the diagnosis of severe HLAP. This study was conducted at the 363 Hospital, Chengdu City, China, from January 2016 to August 2020. There were significant differences in the levels of serum apoA-I, chemerin, and PCT among the three—mild, moderate and severe—groups (all p <0.001). Serum apoA-I was negatively correlated with chemerin and PCT levels in the severe group (p=0.006, p=0.011, respectively). Serum chemerin and PCT levels in the severe group was a positive correlation (p=0.032). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve area of serum apoA-I in the diagnosis of severe HLAP was 0.808 (95% CI:0.727-0.888, p value <0.001), which was higher than that in serum chemerin and PCT,
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ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG CỦA VIÊM PHỔI DO NẤM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BỆNH NHIỆT ĐỚI TRUNG ƯƠNG
Authors: Kim Thư Nguyễn , Thị Vân Anh Lê 
Published: June 2022

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng của bệnh nhân viêm phổi do nấm tại Bệnh viện Bệnh nhiệt đới Trung ương. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngan trên 105 bệnh nhân viêm phổi do nấm điều trị tại Bệnh viện Bệnh nhiệt đới Trung ương từ tháng 01/2016 đến tháng 06/2021. Kết quả: 81% bệnh nhân là nam giới, tuổi trung bình là 59,68 ± 14,58. Đái tháo đường (18,1%), xơ gan (15,2%), HIV (14,3%), COPD và hen phế quản (11,4%) là bệnh lý nền thường gặp. Triệu chứng lâm sàng đa dạng nhưng phổ biến là sốt (84,8%), khó thở (68,6%), ho đờm (56,2%), ran ẩm ran nổ (81%). Hầu hết bệnh nhân có tăng nhẹ PCT (0,05-2 mg/mL) chiếm 70,4%và tăng CRP mức độ nhiều (>100mg/L) chiếm 44,7%. Candida và Aspergillus là 2 nhóm căn nguyên chính gây viêm phổi do nấm. Kết luận: Các dấu hiệu lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng của viêm phổi do nấm rất đa dạng, không đặc hiệu, cần nghĩ tới căn nguyên nấm ở những bệnh nhân có yếu tố cơ địa có triệu chứng hô hấp dai dẳng không cải thiện với các biện pháp điều trị thông thường.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ HÌNH ẢNH CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH PHÌNH ĐỘNG MẠCH NÃO GIỮA VỠ
Authors: Phúc Đức Đặng , Đức Thuần Đỗ 
Published: June 2022

Mục tiêu: mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng và hình ảnh cắt lớp vi tính phình động mạch não giữa vỡ. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Tiến cứu, cắt ngang có theo dõi dọc 46 bệnh nhân được can thiệp vỡ phình động mạch não giữa tại Bệnh viện Quân y 103 từ tháng 10 năm 2019 đến tháng 12 năm 2021. Kết quả: Đau đầu 89,1%, hội chứng màng não 93,30%, liệt nửa người 32,6%, vỡ tái phát trước can thiệp 8,69%. Trên CTSN thấy hình ảnh chảy máu dưới nhện 93,48%, ổ máu tụ thùy thái dương 41,30%. Kết luận: vỡ phình động mạch não giữa gây hội chứng màng não, liệt nửa người, vỡ tái phát ít hơn vị trí khác. Trên CTSN có thường có ổ máu tự thùy thái dương.