bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohols as Alkylating Agents: Photoredox‐Catalyzed Conjugate Alkylation via In Situ Deoxygenation
Authors: Wang Johnny Z. , Sakai Holt A. , MacMillan David W. C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe rapid exploration ofsp3‐enriched chemical space is facilitated by fragment‐coupling technologies that utilize simple and abundant alkyl precursors, among which alcohols are a highly desirable, commercially accessible, and synthetically versatile class of substrate. Herein, we describe an operationally convenient,N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐mediated deoxygenative Giese‐type addition of alcohol‐derived alkyl radicals to electron‐deficient alkenes under mild photocatalytic conditions. The fragment coupling accommodates a broad range of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohol partners, as well as structurally varied Michael acceptors containing traditionally reactive sites, such as electrophilic or oxidizable moieties. We demonstrate the late‐stage diversification of densely functionalized molecular architectures, including drugs and biomolecules, and we further telescope our protocol with metallaphotoredox cross‐coupling for step‐economic access tosp3‐rich complexity.
Understanding beliefs, preferences and actions amongst potential body donors
Authors: Smith Claire F. , Munro Ross , Davies D. Ceri , Wilkinson Tracey , Shaw Hannah , Claridge Kim , Llewellyn Sarah , Mc Ateer Philomena , Ward Siobhan , Farsides Tom 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBody donation is a prosocial act providing a unique learning experience to students, ultimately impacting on patient care and science. With an increasing number of training professionals, there is an increasing need for body donors, yet little is understood about donors' beliefs and preferences. A four‐center study aimed to understand donors' perceptions, 843 responses highlighted a significant relationship between completing a body donor consent form and being both an organ donor and having ever donated blood (p < 0.01). In exploring donor intentions, 69% had been considering donation for fewer than five years, 40% knew another body donor, and 27% had a family member or friend currently registered. Of those who had requested donor information packs, 97% had completed body donation consent forms. Of these, 92% had not selected any time restriction for their donation and 96% had consented to images being taken. Almost all (98%) were aware that their donation might not be accepted. Donors' motives highlighted a wish to: improve education, improve health care, advance science, and contribute to the greater good. A bimodal response was observed with body donation being used to save relatives money and inconvenience. Donors felt comfortable with their bodies being used by medical, dental, and allied health professionals; however, donors were less comfortable with their bodies being used by other groups. Only 57% were comfortable with artists, beauticians and yoga teachers using their remains. Understanding donors' motivations and decision‐making process is vital to ensure resources for future and to meet any changing requirements of both donors and those studying them.
Heterometallic Hexanuclear [Cu2Ln4] Complexes Showing Zero‐field SMM Behaviour and Magnetocaloric Effect
Authors: Gupta Arindam , Kapurwan Sandhya , Prasad Bera Siba , Jyoti Mondal Dibya , Shome Shraoshee , Konar Sanjit 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThree heterometallic hexanuclear 3d–4f complexes bearing the formula [Cu2(L)2Ln4(L)4(o‐van)2] [L=2‐((E)‐((2‐hydroxyphenyl)imino]methyl)phenol; o‐van=ortho‐vanillin] (LnIII=GdIII (1), DyIII (2), and TbIII (3)) have been synthesized and characterized. DC magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal overall antiferromagnetic interactions in 1 and 3, whereas co‐existence of ferro‐ as well as antiferromagnetic interactions were observed in 2. The magnetocaloric effect has been observed for 1 with an entropy change (−ΔSm) of 22.3 J kg−1 K−1 at 3 K and 7 T. Zero‐field single molecule magnet (SMM) behaviour has been observed for 2, where Raman relaxation and quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) played a role in magnetization relaxation. The Cu−O−Ln angle well explains the magnetic exchange coupling occurring in the complexes. BS‐DFT calculation for the complexes provides an estimate of the exchange interactions between the paramagnetic centres. Ab initio calculations performed for complex 2 established a good correlation to the experimental relaxation dynamics.
Organic versus cosmetic efforts of the quality of carbon reporting by top New Zealand firms. Does market reward or penalise?
Authors: Khan Habib Zaman , Houqe Muhammad Nurul , Ielemia Ielemia K 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study explores the quality of carbon reporting (QCR) by New Zealand (NZ) firms and its changes over time. It also explores the impact of QCR on the market reputation of firms. Using a sample of 300 company‐year observations between 2015 and 2020 from top listed firms of NZ, the study develops a 14‐item QCR index. The study finds that the company‐level QCR reporting by NZ firms overall is not praiseworthy, as firms need to improve QCR in many aspects (both in‐house efforts as well as external reporting). Although QCR has increased over time, firms' QCR efforts cannot be treated completely authentic. Majority of firms in NZ have disclosed unaudited carbon information to investors and other stakeholders. Additionally, our study finds that QCR positively affects the market reputations of firms, and the market behaves accordingly. Specifically, firms' organic carbon efforts are paid‐off (through increased market reputation) by the market players and cosmetic/decoupled behaviour is penalised (through decreased market reputation). This study is the first on QCR reporting using a sample of NZ firms and an account of their initiatives towards the carbon emission reduction initiative and related disclosures. The study's findings have policy implications.
Neuroprotective activity of a virus‐safe nanofiltered human platelet lysate depleted of extracellular vesicles in Parkinson's disease and traumatic brain injury models
Authors: Delila Liling , Nebie Ouada , Le Nhi Thao Ngoc , Barro Lassina , Chou Ming‐Li , Wu Yu‐Wen , Watanabe Naoto , Takahara Masayasu , Buée Luc , Blum David , Devos David , Burnouf Thierry 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBrain administration of human platelet lysates (HPL) is a potential emerging biotherapy of neurodegenerative and traumatic diseases of the central nervous system. HPLs being prepared from pooled platelet concentrates, thereby increasing viral risks, manufacturing processes should incorporate robust virus‐reduction treatments. We evaluated a 19 ± 2‐nm virus removal nanofiltration process using hydrophilic regenerated cellulose hollow fibers on the properties of a neuroprotective heat‐treated HPL (HPPL). Spiking experiments demonstrated >5.30 log removal of 20–22‐nm non‐enveloped minute virus of mice‐mock particles using an immuno‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. The nanofiltered HPPL (NHPPL) contained a range of neurotrophic factors like HPPL. There was >2 log removal of extracellular vesicles (EVs), associated with decreased expression of pro‐thrombogenic phosphatidylserine and procoagulant activity. LC‐MS/MS proteomics showed that ca. 80% of HPPL proteins, including neurotrophins, cytokines, and antioxidants, were still found in NHPPL, whereas proteins associated with some infections and cancer‐associated pathways, pro‐coagulation and EVs, were removed. NHPPL maintained intact neuroprotective activity in Lund human mesencephalic dopaminergic neuron model of Parkinson's disease (PD), stimulated the differentiation of SH‐SY5Y neuronal cells and showed preserved anti‐inflammatory function upon intranasal administration in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Therefore, nanofiltration of HPL is feasible, lowers the viral, prothrombotic and procoagulant risks, and preserves the neuroprotective and anti‐inflammatory properties in neuronal pre‐clinical models of PD and TBI.
Association of tumors having Epstein–Barr virus in surrounding lymphocytes with poor prognosis
Authors: Yogi Norikazu , Usui Genki , Matsusaka Keisuke , Fukuyo Masaki , Fujiki Ryoji , Seki Motoaki , Takano Shigetsugu , Abe Hiroyuki , Morikawa Teppei , Ushiku Tetsuo , Ohtsuka Masayuki , Kaneda Atsushi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInfection with certain viruses is an important cause of cancer. The Pan‐Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium recently analyzed the whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) data from 2656 cases across 21 cancer types, and indicated that Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is detected in many different cancer cases at a higher frequency than previously reported. However, whether EBV‐positive cancer cases detected by WGS‐based screening correspond to those detected by conventional histopathological techniques is still unclear. In this study, to elucidate the involvement of EBV in various cancers, we reanalyzed the WGS data of the PCAWG cohort combined with the analysis of clinical samples of gastric and pancreatic cancer in our cohort. Based on EBV copy number in each case, we classified tumors into three subgroups: EBV‐High, EBV‐Low, and EBV‐Negative. The EBV‐High subgroup was found to be EBV‐positive in the cancer cells themselves, whereas the EBV‐Low subgroup was EBV‐positive in the surrounding lymphocytes. Further, the EBV‐Low subgroup showed a significantly worse prognosis for both gastric cancer and across cancer types. In summary, we classified tumors based on EBV copy number and found a unique cancer subgroup, EBV‐positive in the surrounding lymphocytes, which was associated with a poor prognosis.
Mechanistic Insights into the Inhibitory Activities of Chemical Constituents from the Fruits ofTerminalia boiviniion α‐Glucosidase
Authors: Dlamini Bongani Sicelo , Chen Chiy‐Rong , Chen Yu‐Kuo , Hsu Jue‐Liang , Shih Wen‐Ling , Chang Chi‐I 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRegulation of key digestive enzymes is currently considered an effective remedy for diabetes mellitus. In this study, bioactive constituents were purified fromTerminalia boiviniifruits and identified by1H‐NMR,13C‐NMR and EI‐MS.In vitroandin silicomethods were used to evaluate α‐glucosidase, α‐amylase, and lipase inhibition activities. Compounds1,2, and4–7with IC50values between 89 and 445 μM showed stronger α‐glucosidase inhibitory activities than the antihyperglycemic drug acarbose (IC50=1463.0±29.5 μM). However, the compounds showed lower inhibitory effects against α‐amylase and lipase with IC50values above 500 μM than acarbose (IC50=16.7±3.5 μM) and ursolic acid (IC50=89.5±5.6 μM), respectively. Lineweaver‐Burk plots showed that compounds1,2, and7were non‐competitive inhibitors, compounds4and5were competitive inhibitors and compound6was a mixed‐type inhibitor. Fluorescence spectroscopic data showed that the compounds altered the microenvironment and conformation of α‐glucosidase. Computer simulations indicated that the compounds and enzyme interacted primarily through hydrogen bonding. The findings indicated that the compounds were inhibitors of α‐glucosidase and provided significant structural basis for understanding the binding activity of the compounds with α‐glucosidase.
Comparative Palynological, Physicochemical, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Romanian Honey Varieties for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Iosageanu Andreea , Mihai Elena , Prelipcean Ana‐Maria , Anton Ruxandra Elena , Utoiu Elena , Oancea Anca , Craciunescu Oana , Cimpean Anisoara 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the melissopalynology, physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of seven honey samples harvested from different geographical regions and climates of Romania. The melissopalynological analysis revealed that monofloral and multifloral samples contained a wide diversity of minor pollen types from Romanian flora. The moisture, pH and free acidity values were within international limit. HPLC analysis indicated high content of fructose and glucose and low content of sucrose. Bioactive compounds including proteins, phenolics, flavonoids and ascorbic acid were present in variable quantities, according to the botanical origin and geographical area. The highest phenolics and ascorbic acid content was in multifloral honeys from Crisana mountain and meadow and the extrafloral honeydew honey. The same honey samples have exerted free radical scavenging and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The free radical scavenging activity was strongly correlated to phenolics and ascorbic acid content, while the antimicrobial activity was medium correlated only to phenolics content. In conclusion, the selected Romanian honey samples with best antioxidant and antimicrobial activity could be further tested for the development of novel biomedical products.
Retained fetal bone post‐abortion causing infertility
Authors: Cao Jiexin , Grubb Carla‐Marie , Khurshid Mian , Gumma Aparna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFetal bone retention is a rare but under‐diagnosed complication after abortion. If left untreated, it can cause menstrual dysfunction and secondary infertility. We present a case of a 39‐year‐old woman who undergone abortion 20 years ago but suffered with secondary infertility due to retained fetal bone.
Pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in a male child: A case report
Authors: Seyedi Seyed‐Javad , Saeidinia Amin , Dehghanian Parisa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare condition in the normal population and specifically in the pediatric population. We reported a 9‐year‐old male child who presented with cough and intermittent fever and weight loss that was most suggestive of the infectious process. We reviewed the consideration of diagnosis and treatment.
Graphene Quantum Dot‐Doped PEDOT for Simultaneous Determination of Ascorbic Acid, Dopamine, and Uric Acid
Authors: Chul Lim Hong , Jang Seung‐Joo , Cho Yujin , Cho Hyunju , Venkataprasad Gujapaneni , Vinothkumar Venkatachalam , Shin Ik‐Soo , Hyun Kim Tae 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe propose a novel strategy to prepare poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) thin films (PEDOT‐GQD) doped with graphene quantum dots (GQD) as an electrode active material for an electrochemical biosensor. The PEDOT‐GQD was prepared through simultaneous electropolymerization and doping of EDOT using an ionic complex composed of several Li+ cations and one multivalent GQD anion (Li‐GQD) by potential cycling without any additives. The Li‐GQD, acting as a supporting electrolyte and an anionic dopant, leads a conformational change in the PEDOT chains into an expanded‐coil structure. This led to the formation of the PEDOT‐GQD with expanded‐coil polymeric chains which increases not only intramolecular electron transfer among PEDOT chains but also interfacial charge transfer between the aromatic moieties of target molecules and that of PEDOT through π–π interaction. Moreover, PEDOT‐GQD revealed a porous structure with interconnected 3D networks, as GQD doped into the PEDOT backbone affects the growth mechanism of PEDOT. Interestingly, applying a potential of more than +1.2 V in the electropolymerization caused the mixed formation of oxidized PEDOT and overoxidized PEDOT, leading to the high electrocatalytic activity of PEDOT‐GQD. The resulting PEDOT‐GQD based electrochemical sensor exhibited excellent electrochemical performances in the simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid, dopamine, and uric acid, such as high sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility, stability, also in real sample analysis.
How do tanniferous forages influence soil processes in forage cropping systems?
Authors: Clemensen Andrea , Villalba Juan J. , Lee Stephen , Provenza Frederick , Duke Sarah , Reeve Jennifer 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNitrogen‐fixing legumes such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) may benefit agricultural systems. In addition to quality forage, both legumes contain secondary metabolites that play important roles in agroecological systems. Alfalfa contains triterpenes (saponins), and sainfoin contains phenolic compounds (tannins). Terpenes and phenolics can influence soil nutrient dynamics by inhibiting microbial activity, which could slow nitrogen mineralization and minimize nitrogen losses. However, research evaluating their influence in the soil has largely come from silviculture or laboratory studies. Therefore, we initiated a field study in Lewiston, UT, assessing how alfalfa and sainfoin influence soil characteristics. The randomized split‐plot block design had three replicates and included a fertilized bale‐and‐remove system, a green manure system (leaving mown plant forage in the field), and a no‐fertilizer bale‐and‐remove system. We measured saponin and condensed tannin (CT) concentrations in alfalfa and sainfoin, respectively, forage biomass, and soil characteristics [e.g., ammonium (NH4), nitrate (NO3), dehydrogenase, organic C, soil respiration, etc.]. Green manure plots showed greater microbial respiration (p = .02), microbial biomass (p < .01), and readily mineralized carbon (p = .04) than other systems. Forage biomass was greater in sainfoin than in alfalfa (p < .001), whereas soil NO3 was greater in alfalfa than in sainfoin (p < .01). The soil NO3 differences could be explained by the inhibition of mineralization by CT in sainfoin compared with the saponins in alfalfa. Planting forages containing tannins may reduce nitrogen losses, thereby enhancing agricultural sustainability.
Understanding of Photo‐Induced Reversible Rearrangement from Borepin to Borirane
Authors: Zhu Hong‐Yang , Li Quan‐Song 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe first reversible photoisomerization between a borepin and a borirane was reported in the photo‐induced reactions of B(npy)Ar2 (npy=2‐(naphthalen‐1‐yl) pyridine, Ar=phenyl or electron rich aryl; S. Wang, et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 6683–6687). In this work, the detailed mechanisms of the unprecedented reversible photoisomerization between the borepin (compound a) and the borirane (compound b) of B(npy)Ph2 in the first excited singlet (S1) state and the ground (S0) state were studied by carrying out calculations with the complete active space self‐consistent field (CASSCF) and its second‐order perturbation (CASPT2) methods combined with time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT). The calculation results show that photoexcitation of a‐S0 at 365 nm and b‐S0 at 450 nm populate their S1 state with evident charge transfer characteristics. The photoisomerization is triggered in the S1 state and ends in the S0 state, at which the intersection points in a (S1/S0)x intersection seam participate in and promote phenyl migration and ring‐closure processes. Furthermore, we reveal that the not large energy difference (less than 0.6 eV) and similar conjugation properties of π electrons between a‐S0 and b‐S0 are responsible for their unique photo‐reversible reactivity, compared with those of the isomers of the thermally reversible compound B(ppy)Mes2. Our results contribute to an understanding of the excited‐state reactivity of organoboron compounds and will be useful to support the design of new boron‐based photo‐responsive materials.
Gaining Insights on the Interactions of a Class of Decorated (2‐([2,2′‐Bipyridin]‐6‐yl)phenyl)platinum Compounds with c‐Myc Oncogene Promoter G‐Quadruplex and Other DNA Structures
Authors: Savva Loukiani , Fossépré Mathieu , Keramidas Odysseas , Themistokleous Alexandros , Rizeq Natalia , Panagiotou Nikos , Leclercq Maxime , Nicolaidou Eliana , Surin Mathieu , Hayes Sophia C. , Georgiades Savvas N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOrganometallic molecules offer some of the most promising scaffolds for interaction with G‐quadruplex nucleic acids. We report the efficient synthesis of a family of organoplatinum(II) complexes, featuring a 2‐([2,2′‐bipyridin]‐6‐yl)phenyl tridentate (N∧N∧C) ligand, that incorporates peripheral side‐chains aiming at enhancing and diversifying its interaction capabilities. These include a di‐isopropyl carbamoyl amide, a morpholine ethylenamide, two enantiomeric proline imides and an oxazole. The binding affinities of the Pt‐complexes were evaluated via UV‐vis and fluorescence titrations, against 5 topologically‐distinct DNA structures, including c‐myc G‐quadruplex, two telomeric (22AG) G‐quadruplexes, a duplex (ds26) and a single‐stranded (polyT) DNA. All compounds exhibited binding selectivity in favour of c‐myc, with association constants (Ka) in the range of 2–5×105 M−1, lower affinity for both folds of 22AG and for ds26 and negligible affinity for polyT. Remarkable emission enhancements (up to 200‐fold) upon addition of excess DNA were demonstrated by a subset of the compounds with c‐myc, providing a basis for optical selectivity, since optical response to all other tested DNAs was low. A c‐myc DNA‐melting experiment showed significant stabilizing abilities for all compounds, with the most potent binder, the morpholine‐Pt‐complex, exhibiting a ΔTm>30 °C, at 1 : 5 DNA‐to‐ligand molar ratio. The same study implied contributions of the diverse side‐chains to helix stabilization. To gain direct evidence of the nature of the interactions, mixtures of c‐myc with the four most promising compounds were studied via UV Resonance Raman (UVRR) spectroscopy, which revealed end‐stacking binding mode, combined with interactions of side‐chains with loop nucleobase residues. Docking simulations were conducted to provide insights into the binding modes for the same four Pt‐compounds, suggesting that the binding preference for two alternative orientations of the c‐myc G‐quadruplex thymine ‘cap’ (‘open’ vs. ‘closed’), as well as the relative contributions to affinity from end‐stacking and H‐bonding, are highly dependent on the nature of the interacting Pt‐complex side‐chain.