bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duration of Behavioral Policy Interventions and Incidence of COVID-19 by Social Vulnerability of US Counties, April–December 2020
Authors: Kao Szu-Yu Zoe , Sharpe J. Danielle , Lane Rashon I. , Njai Rashid , McCord Russell F. , Ajiboye Aderonke S. , Ladva Chandresh N. , Vo Linda , Ekwueme Donatus U. 
Published: October 2022

Objective: State-issued behavioral policy interventions (BPIs) can limit community spread of COVID-19, but their effects on COVID-19 transmission may vary by level of social vulnerability in the community. We examined the association between the duration of BPIs and the incidence of COVID-19 across levels of social vulnerability in US counties. Methods: We used COVID-19 case counts from USAFacts and policy data on BPIs (face mask mandates, stay-at-home orders, gathering bans) in place from April through December 2020 and the 2018 Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We conducted multilevel linear regression to estimate the associations between duration of each BPI and monthly incidence of COVID-19 (cases per 100 000 population) by SVI quartiles (grouped as low, moderate low, moderate high, and high social vulnerability) for 3141 US counties. Results: Having a BPI in place for longer durations (ie, ≥2 months) was associated with lower incidence of COVID-19 compared with having a BPI in place for <1 month. Compared with having no BPI in place or a BPI in place for <1 month, differences in marginal mean monthly incidence of COVID-19 per 100 000 population for a BPI in place for ≥2 months ranged from –4 cases in counties with low SVI to –401 cases in counties with high SVI for face mask mandates, from –31 cases in counties with low SVI to –208 cases in counties with high SVI for stay-at-home orders, and from –227 cases in counties with low SVI to –628 cases in counties with high SVI for gathering bans. Conclusions: Establishing COVID-19 prevention measures for longer durations may help reduce COVID-19 transmission, especially in communities with high levels of social vulnerability.
Outcomes Associated with De-escalation of Antibiotics to Target Positive Cultures when Treating Febrile Neutropenia
Authors: Rainess Rebecca , Campbell Peter , Santamala Jennifer , Kubin Christine J. , Mehta Monica 
Published: October 2022

Background: Patients with hematologic malignancies frequently develop febrile neutropenia (FN) and subsequently receive long courses of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Limited data is available on de-escalation strategies. Methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study of adult patients with a hematologic malignancy, FN, and positive culture results from June 2017 to June 2020. A conventional group (patients who remained on empiric, broad-spectrum agents) was compared to a de-escalation group (patients whose antibiotic therapy was de-escalated based on culture results). The primary outcome was the incidence of recurrent fever or antibiotic escalation due to infection while neutropenic. Results: Of the 123 patients included, the composite primary outcome occurred in 35.3% in the de-escalation group and 39.3% in the conventional group ( P = .83). For secondary outcomes, median time to recurrent fever was 7 days in the de-escalation group and 7 days in the conventional group ( P = .73). Incidence of Clostridioides difficile was 5.9% in the de-escalation group and 6.7% in the conventional group ( P = 1.00). Development of multidrug resistant pathogens during hospital admission was 20.6% in the de-escalation group and 14.6% in the conventional group ( P = .59). Median length of broad-spectrum antibiotics was 3 days in the de-escalation group and 8 days in the conventional group ( P < .001). All-cause mortality within 30 days was 0 in the de-escalation group and 5.6% in the conventional group ( P = .32). Conclusion: In a small sample of patients with a hematologic malignancy and FN, de-escalating antibiotics based on positive cultures decreased the duration of antibiotic therapy without increasing the rate of antibiotic failure.
Silent Pulmonary Embolism in Deep Vein Thrombosis: Relationship and Risk Factors
Authors: Shi Yadong , Wang Tao , Yuan Yuan , Su Haobo , Chen Liang , Huang Hao , Lu Zhaoxuan , Gu Jianping 
Published: October 2022

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate risk factors for silent pulmonary embolism (PE) in symptomatic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and investigate the relationship between DVT and silent PE. Methods This was a single-centre, retrospective cohort study. Between 5 January 2015 and 31 December 2021, consecutive patients with symptomatic DVT received CT pulmonary angiography and CT venography were analyzed. Patient demographics, comorbidities, risk factors, and image findings were analyzed. The group differences were compared using a Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t test, or Mann-Whitney U test. Multivariant regression was used to determine predictive factors for silent PE. Results A total of 355 patients (mean age, 60.5 ± 16.6 years) were included. The incidence of silent PE was 43.1%. The main or lobar pulmonary arteries were affected in 53.6% of patients, which is more often found in iliofemoral DVTs (56.6% vs 26.7%, p = .027). The multivariant analysis showed male patients ( p = .042; OR 1.59; 95% CI, 1.02–2.50), inferior vena cava involvement ( p = .043; OR 1.81; 95% CI, 1.02–3.20) and D-dimer value  >  3.82 μg/ml ( p <  .001; OR 2.32; 95% CI, 1.43–3.77) were risk factors for silent PE. Unilateral DVT patients with ipsilateral iliac vein compression had a lower incidence of silent PE (28.8% vs 52.9%, p < .001). Conclusion Iliofemoral DVT was associated with a more proximal PE. The male patients, inferior vena cava involvement, and D-dimer  >  3.82 μg/ml were risk factors for silent PE. Ipsilateral iliac vein compression reduced the incidence of silent PE.
Simplification of the complex: Successful management of large-angle exodeviation after endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Wen Yun , Yan Jianhua 
Published: October 2022

Purpose To report the clinical characteristics and successful management of large-angle exodeviation due to medial rectus muscle (MR) transection incurred during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Methods The medical records of 5 consecutive inpatients with MR complete transection following ESS resulting in large-angle paralytic exodeviation between November 2014 and June 2021 were reviewed. The type of muscle injury, clinical characteristics, surgical procedure and dosage, and long-term outcomes were evaluated. Results All 5 patients manifested exodeviations of 72 PD to >133 PD with no adduction capacity (graded −4); all of them had proven orbital trauma and complete MR transection with a ≥20 mm distal (globe attached) stump based on CT scans and/or MRI imaging. They underwent a supra-maximal recession (10–12 mm) of the lateral rectus and resection (10–15 mm) of the medial rectus on the affected eye. At least 1 year (1 to 5 years) following the corrective surgery, the patients still maintained orthophoria or had a small angle of exotropia (≤ 8 PD) in primary gaze with successful fusion, and 3 of them (Case 3, 4, and 5) exhibited a certain degree of stereopsis. In addition, appreciable adduction occurred (graded −1 to −3). Conclusions A supra-maximal recession/resection shows favorable outcomes in patients with proven complete transection MR with a ≥20 mm distal (globe attached) stump. It can help to achieve good ocular alignment and even yield improvements in adduction over time.
Effect of fabric structure on the performance of screen-printed ultra-high frequency radio frequency identification tag antenna for wireless radio frequency energy harvesting
Authors: Zheng Cong , Hu Jiyong , Jiang Jinhua 
Published: October 2022

Textile materials are the ideal substrate of the antenna of eco-friendly wireless radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting technology for sustainable battery-free operation of wearable electronic devices, while few of the work published have been focused on the effect of textile properties on the energy harvesting performance. This work will clarify the effect of typical fabric surface structures on the energy harvesting performance of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) antenna. The antennas were screen-printed onto three different weave structures, and performance for the different fabric-based antennas were studied. The results showed that the antenna printed on plain fabric, which has the smallest porosity and lower surface roughness, was able to achieve a maximum transmission distance of 110 cm and output voltage of 3.003 mV at 69 cm. Consequently, in order to improve the energy harvesting performance of antenna, the smooth and compact fabric surface is more beneficial to highly efficient energy harvesting.
Detection of Mansonella ozzardi in peripheral blood in two malaria-endemic areas in Panama
Authors: Suarez José Antonio , Moreno Dianik , Pascale Juan Miguel , Romero Lorena , Sosa Nestor , Ruiz Fergie , DeAntonio Rodrigo , Cumbrera Alberto , Franco-Paredes Carlos , González José Anel 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Studies conducted in 1984 demonstrated the presence of Mansonella ozzardi in the Darien and Colon provinces. Since then, there have not been further reports of this parasitic infection in Panama. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional assessment of peripheral blood samples of individuals across Panama over a 4-year period (2013–2016) as part of malaria surveillance activities. Results: We identified microfilaria in 96 cases. Most of these cases were found in East Panama (78%) followed by the Darien region (22%). Mansonella ozzardi was the filarial parasite identified by morphological features in all cases. Conclusion: After 36 years of epidemiological silence, we identified human cases of Mansonella ozzardi infection in Panama. This is, however, the first report of this filarial parasite’s presence in the Eastern region of Panama. There is a need for further surveillance efforts to elucidate the epidemiology associated with Mansonella infections in Panama.
Access to Care Limits Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility in an Urban Safety Net Hospital
Authors: Dollar Krista R. , Neutel Bradley S. , Hsia David W. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Lung cancer screening (LCS) results in earlier detection of malignancy and decreases mortality but requires access to care to benefit. We assessed factors associated with timing of lung cancer diagnosis in the absence of systematic LCS in an urban safety net hospital. Patients and Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed of patients with pathologic diagnosis and/or staging of lung cancer at our institution between 2015 and 2018. Patient socio-demographics, disease characteristics, factors associated with access to medical care, and time point and process by which the patient accessed care were collected and analyzed. Results: In total, 223 patients were identified with median age of 63 years and 57.8% male predominance. Racial distribution was 22.9%, 20.2%, 17.1%, and 9.4% for Black, White, Asian, and Hispanic, respectively. Stage at diagnosis was 8.1%, 4.5%, 17.0%, and 60.5% for stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Medicaid (59.6%) and Medicare/Medicaid (17.1%) were the most common insurance types, while 16.1% had no insurance. A majority (54.3%) had no established primary care provider (PCP), and only 17.9% had an in-network PCP. Patients without PCPs were more likely to have diagnostic evaluation initiated from Emergency Department or Urgent Care settings (95.0% vs 50.1%, P < .01) and present with later stage disease (92.7% vs 77.8%, P < .01). Of the 83 patients that met age and smoking history LCS criteria, only 33.7% (12.6% of total) also had an in-network PCP. Conclusion: Absence of established PCPs is associated with later stage presentation of lung cancer and may limit system- level benefits of LCS implementation.
Period and cohort effects: consequences on spirometric lung function in Norway during the 20th century
Authors: Cestelli Lucia , Johannessen Ane , Stavem Knut , Gulsvik Amund , Nielsen Rune 
Published: October 2022

Background and aimSeveral factors can influence measured lung function over time. The aim of this study was to investigate period and cohort effects on spirometric measures in a large general population sample in Norway during the 20th century, using Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI-2012) equations as a reference.Methods36 466 subjects (born 1894–1969) from four cross-sectional surveys conducted between 1965 and 1999 were included, with harmonised data on smoking habits, respiratory symptoms, lung diseases, education and spirometry. Changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) z-scores in healthy subjects across surveys were explored to investigate period effects. Linear mixed-effects models of FEV1and FVC z-scores on birth cohort, with survey as random effect, were used to investigate cohort effects, both in subjects of the total population and in healthy ones.ResultsRelatively higher FEV1and FVC z-scores in healthy subjects were found in the first survey (1965–1970) compared to the more recent ones (1988–1999), suggesting period effects. FEV1and FVC z-scores increased significantly with birth cohort from 1894 to 1935, after adjustment for covariates. A more stable trend of FEV1and FVC z-scores with birth cohort was evidenced for subjects born more recently (1945–1969).ConclusionsAn increase of lung function with year of birth was observed in Norwegian subjects during the first half of the 20th century. The impact of period effects on lung function decreased from 1965 to 1999.
AuNPs and 2D functional nanomaterial-assisted SPR development for the cancer detection: a critical review
Authors: Chen Chen , Wang Kaifei , Luo Lei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCancer ranks as a leading cause of death and a huge obstacle to rising life expectancy. If cancers are spotted early there's a high chance of survival. The conventional methods relying on the phenotypic features of the tumor are not powerful to the early screening of cancer. Cancer biomarkers are capable of indicating specific cancer states. Current biochemical assay suffers from time and reagents consuming and discontinuous monitoring. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology, a refractive index-based optical biosensor, has significant promise in biomarker detection because of its outstanding features of label-free, sensitivity, and reliability. The nanomaterial features exotic physical and chemical property work on the process of transferring biorecognition event into SPR signal and hence is functioned as signal enhancer. In this review, we mainly discussed the mechanism of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and two-dimensional (2D) functional nanomaterial for improving the SPR signal. We also introduced AuNPs and 2D nanomaterial assisted SPR technology in determining cancer biomarker. Last but not least, we discussed the challenges and outlooks of the aforementioned reformative SPR technology for cancer biomarker determination in the clinical trial.
Global diversity and distribution of prophages are lineage-specific within the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex
Authors: Greenrod Samuel T. E. , Stoycheva Martina , Elphinstone John , Friman Ville-Petri 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) strains are destructive plant pathogenic bacteria and the causative agents of bacterial wilt disease, infecting over 200 plant species worldwide. In addition to chromosomal genes, their virulence is mediated by mobile genetic elements including integrated DNA of bacteriophages, i.e., prophages, which may carry fitness-associated auxiliary genes or modulate host gene expression. Although experimental studies have characterised several prophages that shape RSSC virulence, the global diversity, distribution, and wider functional gene content of RSSC prophages are unknown. In this study, prophages were identified in a diverse collection of 192 RSSC draft genome assemblies originating from six continents.

Results
Prophages were identified bioinformatically and their diversity investigated using genetic distance measures, gene content, GC, and total length. Prophage distributions were characterised using metadata on RSSC strain geographic origin and lineage classification (phylotypes), and their functional gene content was assessed by identifying putative prophage-encoded auxiliary genes. In total, 313 intact prophages were identified, forming ten genetically distinct clusters. These included six prophage clusters with similarity to the Inoviridae, Myoviridae, and Siphoviridae phage families, and four uncharacterised clusters, possibly representing novel, previously undescribed phages. The prophages had broad geographical distributions, being present across multiple continents. However, they were generally host phylogenetic lineage-specific, and overall, prophage diversity was proportional to the genetic diversity of their hosts. The prophages contained many auxiliary genes involved in metabolism and virulence of both phage and bacteria.

Conclusions
Our results show that while RSSC prophages are highly diverse globally, they make lineage-specific contributions to the RSSC accessory genome, which could have resulted from shared coevolutionary history.
Glycosylated haemoglobin and prognosis in 10,536 people with cancer and pre-existing diabetes: a meta-analysis with dose-response analysis
Authors: Ling Suping , Sweeting Michael , Zaccardi Francesco , Adlam David , Kadam Umesh T. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aims
To assess whether glycaemic control is associated with prognosis in people with cancer and pre-existing diabetes.

Methods
In this pre-registered systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42020223956), PubMed and Web of Science were searched on 25th Nov 2021 for studies investigating associations between glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and prognosis in people with diabetes and cancer. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) for associations between poorly controlled HbA1c or per 1-unit HbA1c increment and cancer outcomes were estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis. We also investigated the impact of potential small-study effects using the trim-and-fill method and potential sources of heterogeneity using subgroup analyses.

Results
Fifteen eligible observational studies, reporting data on 10,536 patients with cancer and pre-existing diabetes, were included. Random-effects meta-analyses indicated that HbA1c ≥ 7% (53 mmol/mol) was associated with increased risks of: all-cause mortality (14 studies; RR: 1.14 [95% CI: 1.03–1.27]; p-value: 0.012), cancer-specific mortality (5; 1.68 [1.13–2.49]; p-value: 0.011) and cancer recurrence (8; 1.68 [1.18–2.38; p-value: 0.004]), with moderate to high heterogeneity. Dose-response meta-analyses indicated that 1-unit increment of HbA1c (%) was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality (13 studies; 1.04 [1.01–1.08]; p-value: 0.016) and cancer-specific mortality (4; 1.11 [1.04–1.20]; p-value: 0.003). All RRs were attenuated in trim-and-fill analyses.

Conclusions
Our findings suggested that glycaemic control might be a modifiable risk factor for mortality and cancer recurrence in people with cancer and pre-existing diabetes. High-quality studies with a larger sample size are warranted to confirm these findings due to heterogeneity and potential small-study effects. In the interim, it makes clinical sense to recommend continued optimal glycaemic control.
Anthropometrics of Polish children with osteogenesis imperfecta: a single-centre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jakubowska-Pietkiewicz E. , Maćkowska A. , Nowicki J. , Woźniak E. , Jakub Nowicki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) causes a number of abnormalities in somatic development. The predominant symptoms are reduced bone mass and an increased risk of fractures as well as bone deformities and short stature. Due to the lack of causal treatment options, bisphosphonates are considered the gold standard of therapy. The aim of our study is to present selected anthropometric parameters (body weight, height, BMI) in children with type I and III of OI.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta type I and III confirmed by genetic testing. The study group included individuals admitted to the Department in 2020. We analysed the anthropometric parameters of 108 children (receiving and not receiving bisphosphonates treatment).

Results
In the group of children with OI type I admitted for follow-up (group 1), the median weight percentile was 37, while in the group 2 it was 17. In the patients with OI type III (group 3), the median weight percentile was 0.1. The median height percentile in group 1 was 21, in group 2 it was 5, whereas in group 3 = 0.1. The differences in anthropometric measurements of the patients with OI type I and OI type III were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Among the analysed patients, an abnormal BMI was found in 41.67% of whom 37.78% were underweight, 48.89% were overweight and 13.33% were obese.

Conclusion
Considering prevalence of the disease, it is not only low stature but also abnormal BMI, and especially excessive body weight, that play an important role in the somatic development disorder.
UTI assessment tool for intermittent catheter users: a way to include user perspectives and enhance quality of UTI management
Authors: Lauridsen S. V. , Averbeck M. A. , Krassioukov A. , Vaabengaard R. , Athanasiadou S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundUrinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are among the most severe complications for users of intermittent catheterisation (IC), with numerous risk factors contributing to their occurrence. The aim of this study was to develop a tool to assess UTI risk factors among IC users in a systematic way that considers the perspective of the individual user.MethodsThe Design Thinking Process was used to guide the development of the content and format of the tool. The UTI Risk Factors model by Kennelly et al. was used as a basis for developing the content. Insights on the appropriate content and format were collected via the Coloplast Nurse Advisory Boards and by conducting a qualitative evidence synthesis on user perspectives and practices in relation to UTIs.ResultsThe literature search identified a total of 3544 articles, out of which 22 met the inclusion criteria. Additionally, three rounds of meetings were conducted with approximately 90 nurses from the Nurse Advisory Boards across Europe. The qualitative evidence synthesis showed that users describe their UTI symptoms in different terms and that personal needs and priorities impact their adherence and catheter selection. Furthermore, some users lack relevant and updated knowledge about IC and UTIs.The nurses described that correct UTI diagnosis is essential. They pointed that they would assess the user’s general condition, adherence, technique, and catheter type as potential areas of risk factors and emphasised the importance of adequate support for users.The study resulted in the development of the UTI assessment tool for intermittent catheter users, which comprises three elements: a guide for healthcare professionals, a dialogue board, and a notepad. The tool starts with a confirmation of the UTI incidence, and then assesses risk factors via questions on health, adherence, technique, and catheter, and concludes with a support section.ConclusionsThe UTI assessment tool for intermittent catheter users is designed to help healthcare professionals assess UTI risk factors in a systematic way, while engaging users and taking their perspective into account. By identifying the relevant risk factors, the use of this tool has the potential to reduce the occurrence of UTIs for the individual IC user.