bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boosting silica micro-rod Q factor to 8.28×109 for fully stabilizing a soliton microcomb
Authors: Yao Baicheng , Tan Teng , Pan Tingyang , Duan Bing , Chang Bing , Tang Fang , Huang Yongjun , Yang Yingzhan , Yang Daquan , Huang Shanguo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Optical microcavities with strong light confinement serve as a powerful tool for significantly enhancing both optical field intensity and photon lifetimes. They have become a cornerstone for probing fundamental physics and developing advanced devices, being widely used in versatile applications such as precision sensing, nonlinear excitation, and quantum information. To achieve high-efficiency light-matter interactions within an optical microcavity, the quality factor (Q) is one of the most fundamental and important parameters, reflecting the intracavity loss. To date, the actual Q factor of a microcavity remains far below the theoretical limit, as the specific factors affecting the losses inside microcavities are still not well quantified. In this work, based-on a silica whispering-gallery-mode microrod cavity, we quantitatively analyze the loss sources, identifying how radiation/scattering loss, absorption loss, and contaminant loss contribute to the total loss. We find that radiation/scattering loss and contaminant loss are the major factors limiting the total cavity Q in practice. Therefore, by employing two-step laser polishing and heat treatment, we achieve a Q factor of up to 8.28×109, which is high enough for high-performance optical stabilization. Experimentally, within a compact size, we demonstrate a fully stabilized soliton microcomb system utilizing the microcavity with optimized Q, showing phase noise suppressions over 45.2 dB at pump frequency and over 60.6 dB at repetition frequency. This work deepens the understanding of intracavity loss within microcavities and paves the way for practically improving the performance of microcavity photonics.
Correlation stabilized anomalous Hall crystal in bilayer graphene
Authors: Liu Jianpeng , Guo Zhongqing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

When the charge density is sufficiently low, interacting two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) would undergo a phase transition from homogeneous Fermi liquid to an electronic crystal state, known as Wigner crystal. Besides conventional 2DEG, various topological fermionic excitations may also be realized in 2D materials. For example, ``high-order" Dirac fermions exhibiting nontrivial Berry phases may approximately characterize the low-energy excitations in rhombohedral multilayer graphene (RMG). In this work, we develop a beyond-mean-field theoretical framework to study the interacting ground states and single-particle excitations in slightly charge-doped RMG under vertical electric field. We find that transitions from Fermi liquid to trivial Wigner-crystal states would occur at critical carrier density $\sim 10^{10}\,\textrm{cm}^{-2}$ for all $n$-layer RMG (with $n=2, 3, 4, 5, 6$) which are approximately described by $n$-order Dirac-fermion models. Most saliently, using a more realistic modeling of bilayer graphene including trigonal warping effects, we find that an anomalous Hall crystal state with spontaneous quantized anomalous Hall conductivity would emerge when the carrier density is below $\sim 1\times 10^{11}\,\text{cm}^{-2}$, and it becomes the unique ground state over trivial Wigner crystal when the density is further lower. Counter intuitively, such topological anomalous Hall crystal becomes more stable than the trivial Wigner crystal due to the lower correlation energy gained from dynamical charge fluctuations, which is beyond mean-field description. Our work suggests that slightly carrier-doped bilayer graphene is one of the most promising candidates to realize anomalous Hall crystal. Moreover, the method developed in this work can be readily applied to other interacting 2D systems including moir\'e superlattices.
Cu Single-Atom Embedded g-C3N4 nanosheets Rehabilitate Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Infected Diabetic Wounds via Photoswitchable Cascade Reaction
Authors: Li Peng , Sun Xichen , Zhu Pengqi , Tang Liuyan , Wang Pengfei , Li Ningning , Wang Qing , Lou Yan-Ru , Zhang Yuezhou 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

To tackle elevated blood glucose, multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, and persistent inflammation in diabetic wounds, we present a therapeutic strategy that employs a photoswitch-controlled catalytic cascade reaction, utilizing a photocatalytic material engineered through the synergistic regulation of nitrogen vacancies and single-atom embedding. The nitrogen vacancies in g-C3N4 promise the photocatalytic glucose oxidation to H2O2 and facilitate its subsequent conversion into hydroxyl radicals (•OH) through a photocatalytic cascade reaction with Cu single-atom embedded g-C3N4 nanosheets (Cu/CN). Concurrently, the •OH and superoxide anions (•O2⁻) are obtained by photocatalytic water splitting over Cu/CN. Over 99.9% antibacterial activity and effective biofilm inhibition are achieved via photocatalytic cascade reaction. In the dark, excess ROS are scavenged by Cu/CN, reducing inflammation of wounds and promoting polarization of M2 macrophages. This photoswitchable cascade reaction effectively treated MDR bacterial-infected diabetic wounds, highlighting its potential for antibiotic-free diabetic wound therapy and its promising prospects for clinical applications.
The effect of mind- and body-based interventions on poststroke depression and its neural mechanisms: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: HOU Rangchun , YANG Peter Bohao , VIDAÑA Dalinda Isabel SANCHEZ , ZHANG Jack Jiaqi , ZENG Roy Rongyue , CHAN Jackie Ngai-Man , FUNG Timothy Kai-Hang , NGAI Shirley Pui-Ching , LAU Benson Wui-Man , FONG Kenneth N. K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is recognized as the most common psychiatric disorder following a stroke, impacting the subsequent recovery and quality of life of stroke survivors. In recent years, physical activities and mindfulness have been proven to improve depression, however, it remained unknown whether those interventions were also effective in the treatment of PSD. This systematic review aims to assess the effects of mind- and body-based interventions on PSD and their underlying neural mechanisms. The systematic review (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024514565) searched CINAHL, Cochrane, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus up to March 11, 2024, focusing on English-language studies. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials of stroke patients with depression using validated assessment tools, targeting body-based, mind-based, or mind-body interventions, while excluding psychological or counseling interventions and passive movements. Two authors conducted data extraction with checks for accuracy, and risk of bias was assessed using the PEDro scale, which evaluates study design and methodology, yielding a maximum score of 10 points. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted by independent reviewers. A total of 68 studies were included, involving 6,825 participants, and 54 of these studies were included in the meta-analysis. The average PEDro score of 6.51 indicates good methodological quality, with combined interventions scoring highest at 7.44, highlighting variability among the studies. Meta-analysis results demonstrate that all mind- and body-based interventions have a significant impact on PSD (p < 0.05), with effect sizes as follows: all mind- and body-based interventions (n = 66, Hedges’ g = -0.572), mind-based interventions (n = 4, Hedges’ g = -0.549), body-based interventions (n = 52, Hedges’ g = -0.532), and combined interventions (n = 10, Hedges’ g = -0.805). The systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that all mind- and body-based interventions significantly improved post-stroke depression, and combined interventions are more effective than mind-based or body-based interventions alone. It is suggested to integrate additional mindfulness elements into the daily exercises of stroke survivors in clinical practice can further alleviate depressive symptoms.
Linking Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study on Causal Relationships and Clinical Implications
Authors: Kuruvilla Joshua , Yong Yuan Ting , Lee Wei Jun , Yap Kenneth , Deng Xiao , Tan Eng-King , Xiao Bin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Parkinson's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease are the two most common neurodegenerative conditions. Contemporary research has unraveled distinct key mechanisms that account for two diseases, although disturbance of pathways that responsible for Parkinson's Disease has been found to be implicated in Alzheimer's Disease, and vice versa. In order to investigate if there is causal relationship between these two intertwined diseases, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomisation analysis encompassing 482,730 PD individuals and 218,792 AD individuals. Using SNPs from publicly available genome-wide association study datasets, we chose instrumental variables for a two-sample MR analysis while adhering to important Mendelian randomisation assumptions. The primary analysis using the Inverse Variance Weighted method indicated a significant causal effect of Parkinson's Disease on Alzheimer's Disease (OR = 1.071766, 95% CI: 1.0062448, 1.141554; p = 0.03218492). The IVW analysis tested the bi-directional relationship between Alzheimer's disease (finn-b-G6_ALZHEIMER) and Parkinson's disease (ieu-b-7), with no significant evidence suggesting reverse causation. Sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity tests, MR-Egger regression, leave-one-out, and reverse causation analysis, validated the robustness of the findings, showing no evidence of pleiotropy or. Clinically, these data suggest that Parkinson's Disease patients may benefit from early Alzheimer's Disease screening and interventions, which could improve individualized treatment approaches and public health initiatives. This study underlines the ability of genetic insights to influence integrated care approaches, ultimately improving patient outcomes with neurodegenerative diseases.
On Quantitative Evaluations on Harmonic and Anharmonic Lattice Thermal Capacity of Polymers
Authors: Ligatchev Valeri 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

So-called ‘Generalized Skettrup Model(s)’ (GSMs) of different (1D, 2D, 3D) spatial dimensionalities are implemented at quantitative evaluations on temperature-dependent harmonic and anharmonic fractions of lattice thermal capacity of polyethylene and polypropylene with crystalline and/or amorphous atomic structures of limited spatial extents. Basic equations of the GSM take into account explicitly quantization effects of the single-particle and many-particle energy levels of spatially confined (within the 1D, 2D and/or 3D structural fragments of polymers) conventional longitudinal acoustic (LA), transverse acoustic (TA), and optical phonons. The harmonic lattice thermal capacity of 1D and 3D polymers is evaluated entirely based on single-particle (fundamental) states of the confined LA, TA and optical phonons. Statistical characteristics of many-particle states of the LA and TA phonons are obtained based on concept of many-particle vibrational density-of-states, introduced by the author of this article in 1995. Those characteristics define features of temperature-dependent anharmonic lattice capacities of 1D, 2D and 3D versions of the GSM in an essentially ‘non-perturbative’ manner. Anisotropic effects in 3D crystalline polymers are taken into account via evaluation of anisotropic sound velocities of conventional thermal waves, confined within 3D crystalline fragments of those polymers. Such evaluations have been carried out quantitatively for orthorhombic 3D polyethylene via implementation of the Christoffel Matrix formalism. Simulated temperature-dependent lattice thermal capacities are compared with their experimental counterpart for the polyethylene and polypropylene as well as with predictions of the Tarasov’s Equations and those of the ‘three-band’ model.
Single Cell Spatial Transcriptomics of the Murine Embryonic Palate Links Pax9 to Patterning and Organization of Extracellular Matrix Components
Authors: Piña Jeremie Oliver , Raju Resmi , Stipano Evan , Myo Aye Chan , Wang Ziyi , Ono Mitsuaki , Chattaraj Parna , Furukawa Masae , D’Souza Rena N. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Despite advances in understanding the morphological disruptions that lead to defects in palate formation, the precise perturbations within the signaling microenvironment of palatal clefts remain poorly understood. To explore in greater depth the genomic basis of palatal clefts, we designed and implemented the first single cell spatial RNA-sequencing study in a cleft palate model, utilizing the Pax9-/- murine model at multiple developmental timepoints, which exhibits a consistent cleft palate defect. Visium HD, an emerging platform for true single-cell resolution spatially resolved transcriptomics, was employed using custom bins of 2x2 µm spatial gene expression data. Validation of spatial gene expression was then validated using custom designed Xenium In Situ mRNA spatial profiling and RNAscope Multiplex assays. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a palate cell-specific perturbation in Wnt signaling effector function in tandem with disrupted expression of extracellular matrix genes in developing mesenchyme. As a key step toward laying the framework for identifying key molecular targets these data can be used for translational studies aimed at developing effective therapies for human palatal clefts.
Construction and clinical application of the cochlear automatic segmentation and measurement model based on U-HRCT
Authors: Yang Dewu , Zhang Mengshi , Feng Yili , Han Shuguang , Tang Ruowei , Zhuo Li , Zhang Ye , Zhao Pengfei , Li Xiaoguang , Wang Zhenchang , Yin Hongxia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of data acquisition for cochlear structure, this study built an intelligent segmentation and automatic measurement model of cochlear based on U-HRCT to solve the difficulty of performing an accurate preoperative evaluation of the cochlea.
Methods
The data of 86 patients (172 ears in total) who received U-HRCT and were diagnosed with normal ears were retrospectively collected. In this study, TransUnet neural network was used to construct automatic segmentation model of cochlear, 7 direct measurement indexes were selected and 3 indirect measurement indexes were defined. The effect of automatic segmentation was evaluated by subjective method, compared with manual measured data, and the influencing factors of cochlear structure were analyzed by multiple linear regression method. Finally, the Violin Plot method is used to calculate the normal value range of cochlear structural parameters.
Results
The index of automatic segmentation DSC reached 98%, and the results of automatic measurement were consistent with those of manual measurement (P > 0.05). Except for regularity parameters CCR and HRD, cochlear structural parameters had high correlation with gender (P < 0.05), and except volume related parameters VOL and VRD, cochlear structural parameters had low correlation with age (P > 0.05). Except VRD, the correlation between the cochlear structure parameter and the location was low (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
This study built an automatic segmentation and measurement model of cochlear structure, obtained the reference value range of cochlear structure parameters, and provided reference data for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Clinical relevance statement
The above indexes have important reference value for the automatic identification of cochlear structural abnormalities in clinic, and in-depth data mining of case samples will be carried out in subsequent studies.
An Integrative Model of Single Cell Transcriptomic States for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Samuelsson Erik Reinhold , Francis Roy , Hu Taobo , Nilsson Mats 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive and highly heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer, poses significant challenges for treatment due to its molecular diversity and resistance to standard therapies. Accounting for 10–20% of all breast cancer cases, TNBC lacks specific biological markers, making it difficult to classify and treat effectively. Traditional approaches based on bulk RNA sequencing obscure intratumoral heterogeneity and fail to capture distinct cellular states within tumors. In this study, we constructed a comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic map of TNBC by analyzing a cohort of published TNBC patient datasets, identifying nine transcriptomic states, or metaprograms, which capture the core behaviors of TNBC cells, including cancer stem cell properties, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), immune modulation, metabolic adaptation, and vasculogenic mimicry. We observed that these metaprograms are variably expressed within and across patient tumors, underscoring the complexity of TNBC. By integrating TNBC-specific metaprograms with established breast cancer subtypes, we found significant prognostic associations, with specific metaprograms correlating with poor survival outcomes. This study highlights the need for single-cell approaches to uncover TNBC’s molecular heterogeneity and suggests that metaprogram-based classification could facilitate more precise therapeutic interventions.
BKT300: A Novel Anti-Leukemic Small Molecule Targeting the Protein Regulator of Cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) Pathway
Authors: Peled Amnon , Abraham Michal , Wald Hanna , Hay Ophir , Hagbi Shira , Gamaev Lika , Monin Jonathan , Borthakur Gautam , Ayoub Edward , Andreeff Michael , Rosenfeld Rakefet , Eizenberg Orly , Aharon Arnon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) is frequently overexpressed in various cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. BKT300 is a small molecule shown to selectively inhibit leukemic cell migration and survival by targeting the PRC1 pathways. The current work aimed to examine the role of PRC1 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and to assess the impact of BKT300, a small molecule PRC1 inhibitor, on AML cell viability and tumor growth in mouse xenograft AML models. BKT300 directly bound PRC1, resulting in disrupted actin and microtubule formation, G2/M cell cycle arrest, mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis via the caspase-3 pathway in AML cells. BKT300 inhibited PRC1 dephosphorylation at T481, downregulated CDC25C and upregulated p21, effectively halting the cell cycle and inhibiting leukemic cell proliferation while sparing normal cells. PRC1 was found to be overexpressed in AML patients and cell lines, with high levels associated with reduced overall patient survival. In addition, PRC1 expression levels correlated with BKT300 efficacy. BKT300 treatment led to 98% of tumor growth inhibition and 89.4% of tumor regression in mouse xenograft AML models, without notable impacts on normal hematopoiesis or biochemistry, even at high doses. As a first-in-class targeted therapy, BKT300 presents a promising new treatment option for advanced AML.
Cannabis Use in Adults with Neuropathic versus Non-Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Laroya Carl Joshua , Smith Crystal Lederhos , Bindler Ross J. , McDonell Michael , Lewis Jamie , Wilson Marian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Cannabis has been decriminalized by many states and shows promise in treating both neuropathic and non-neuropathic pain through its interaction with the endocannabinoid system and anti-inflammatory effects. This study examines differences in cannabis use in adults with a primary condition of neuropathic versus non-neuropathic chronic pain.
Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional survey data collected demographics and patient-reported outcomes including pain intensity and interference. Information regarding the type and frequency of cannabis-product use was also recorded. Participants were stratified into groups based on their most bothersome type of pain: neuropathic and non-neuropathic. Between group statistics assessed for differences.
Results: Our sample consisted of 104 participants (61.5% female); with 36.5% reporting their most bothersome pain being neuropathic and 63.5% being non-neuropathic. Participants with neuropathic pain used cannabis and cannabis-based products significantly more days over the previous month and, when used, significantly more often per day.
Discussion: This study found that adults with neuropathic pain used cannabis, especially Tetrahydrocannabinol-only (THC) and THC/Cannabidiol (CBD) combination products, more frequently than those with non-neuropathic pain. Those with neuropathic pain also reported higher levels of pain intensity and interference. Further longitudinal research is needed to confirm whether increased use of THC-rich cannabis provided symptom relief for adults with neuropathic pain.
Dietary mineral intake was correlated with seral HDL-C in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Li Wenmin , Shi Yingying , Xu Deyi , Yang Haofan , Zheng Wenhao , Wang Liang , Xu Lin , Lei Tao , Lu Jun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
While dietary interventions are critical for managing diabetes, there is limited research on the role of specific minerals in regulating lipid metabolism. This study aims to examine the correlation between dietary mineral intake and serum lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
Daily mineral intake was accessed using a validated dietary questionnaire administered to 149 subjects. Partial correlation and multivariable linear regression analysis were conducted to examine the relationship between daily mineral intake and serum lipid profiles.
Results
According to the Dietary Nutrient Reference Intakes (DRI) for Chinese Residents, daily intake of calcium, zinc, potassium, and dietary fiber was significantly lower in both men and women (all P < 0.001). In contrast, sodium, iron and iodine intake were elevated. Partial correlation analysis indicated that daily intake of calcium, iron, iodine, zinc and selenium was positively associated with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P < 0.05), whereas dietary iodine intake was negatively related to HDL-C (r= -0.181, P = 0.049). Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that dietary intake of calcium, iron, iodine, zinc and selenium was significantly associated with HDL-C after adjusting for covariates (all P < 0.05). However, there existed not significant correlation of dietary mineral intake with total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or triglyceride.
Conclusions
The dietary mineral intake of patients with type 2 diabetes was largely suboptimal. Dietary calcium, iron, zinc and selenium intake were positively associated with serum HDL-C, suggesting a potential benefit for lipid homeostasis in this population.