bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depletion of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the gut microbiota of children diagnosed with cancer
Authors: de Muinck Eric J. , Trosvik Pål , Nguyen Nga , Fashing Peter J. , Stigum Vetle M. , Robinson Nina , Hermansen Johanne U. , Munthe-Kaas Monica C. , Baumbusch Lars O. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: A beneficial composition of the microbiome is essential for maintaining human health and to protect the body against pathogens. The identification of microbes with oncogenic potential suggests a possible link between changes in the gastrointestinal microbiome composition and the onset of cancer. Childhood cancer is still the predominant cause of death among children over a year in Western countries. However, a profound understanding of the changes in the composition of the microbiome in the onset or progression of childhood cancer is still lacking. Methods: We characterized the gut microbiota in a cohort of Norwegian children diagnosed with cancer using fecal samples before the onset of treatment. Samples were collected in the Norwegian Childhood Cancer Biobank (NCCB) and compared to a control group of children attending two diverse kindergartens in Oslo, Norway. The data of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were analyzed by non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMMS) of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) relative abundance data. Results: Our results revealed 11 prevalent 16S rRNA gene sequence variants with significantly differential occurrence between the patient and the control groups. Eight of these taxa were depleted in children diagnosed with cancer, with three of these eight classified as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Conclusions: Our observations indicate that the gut microbiota may play an important role in understanding the physiological changes associated with childhood cancer. However, further studies are required to validate if variations in the microbial community could be used as an early indicator of the presence of cancer in the future.
Comparison of high-intensive and low-intensive electromechanical-assisted gait training in stroke patients
Authors: Yu Chang Seon , Nam Yeon Gyo , Kwon Bum Sun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to assess the effect of electromechanical-assisted gait training intensity on walking ability in stroke patients.Methods: The data of two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) under the same study design of evaluation and intervention except intervention time per session were recruited. After matching the inclusion criteria of two RCTs, the experimental groups of each RCT were defined as low-intensive (LI) and high-intensive (HI) group according to the intervention time per session. Primary outcome was the difference of the change in Functional Ambulatory Categories (FAC) between LI and HI gait training. Secondary outcomes were the difference of changes in mobility, walking speed, walking capacity, leg-muscle strength, daily activity, and balance.Results: The FAC improved after gait training in both groups, but, the changes of FAC were not different between LI and HI groups. The mobility function in LI group improved significantly more than that in HI group. The leg-muscle strength and balance showed the greater improvement in LI group than those in HI group, but did not show statistical significance.Conclusions: The improvement of walking ability after LI or HI gait training was not different if providing the same total gait training time. By providing the electromechanical gait training intensively, we could shorten the gait training period to improve walking ability.Trial registrationName of the registry: Clinical Research Information Service.Trial registration number: No. KCT0002195(RCT1), No. KCT0002552(RCT2).Date of registration: 10/04/2016(RCT1), 10/05/2017(RCT2).URL of the trial registry record: https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search
What is Holding Back Milk Production Potential in Pakistan?
Authors: Sattar Abdus , ahmad usman 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Pakistan produced 55 million tonnes of buffalo and cow milk in 2019-20. The estimated potential production is much higher – at the level of research station the estimated potential is 82 million tonnes while the maximum breed potential is 110 million tonnes. Several factors including; low return for the dairy farmers, credit constraint, low genetic potential of milking animals, absence of formal milk marketing system, lack of healthcare for milking animals, insufficient or improper feeding, and lack of research, constrains opportunities in the dairy sector.
Serological and Molecular Survey for Dengue Virus Infection in Febrile Suspected Patients in Selected Local Government Areas in Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Tizhe Daniel Thakuma , Kwaga Jacob Kwada Paghi , Kia Grace Sabo Nok 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dengue is a disease caused by the dengue virus that is primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito. Currently, the disease poses a threat to public health with about 390 million people reported to be infected annually across the endemic regions of the world. In Nigeria, the disease is underreported and often misdiagnosed as malaria. This study was designed to conduct a serological and molecular survey for dengue virus infection in febrile patients in three Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Adamawa State-Nigeria. Serum samples from 424 patients were analyzed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (CALBIOTECH, Dengue Virus IgM ELISA). Thick and thin smear microscopic techniques were used to determine the presence of malaria parasites. Overall, 19.4% patients were sero-positive for dengue in the three study locations. A total of 11%, 14.5% and 12.3% participants were found to be co-infected with dengue and malaria in Mubi, Jimeta and Numan respectively. The CDC DENV1-4 Real-Time RT-PCR Assay reagent was used for serotype specific detection and identification of circulating serotypes. Only Dengue serotype 1 was found to be in circulation in all three study locations. With an overall sero-prevalence of 19.4%, dengue virus infection may be one of the major causes of febrile illnesses across the study locations; hence, public healthcare professionals should not neglect other aetiologies of febrile illnesses and the need to conduct laboratory diagnosis to determine the possible causes of febrile illnesses.
HER2 Overexpression In Urothelial Carcinoma Is Closely Associated With Disease Progression: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Qingchao , Su Xiaolu , Xu Wenbo , Qing Liangliang , Yang Yongjin , Wang Huabin , Chen Siyu , Wang Jirong , Dong Zhilong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Urothelial carcinoma especially metastatic UC, is still challenging to treat and associated poor outcomes remain. It is urgent to find new targets to change the treatment status of UC. As an important target of breast cancer, HER2 has been found to be closely related to other tumors in recent years.Methods: We performed immunohistochemical staining of HER2 in 170 human UC tissue sections, assessed the positive rate of HER2 in UC and analyzed the correlation between HER2 positivity and clinicopathological datas of the patients.Results: HER2 positivity exists in the whole UC, including UBC, UTUC and urethral carcinoma, the positive rate of HER2 in whole UC was 51.2%, and in UBC, UTUC, urethral carcinoma were 56.4%, 31.4%, 50%, respectively. In UBC, the positive rate of HER2 in NMIBC was 53.1%, while in MIBC was 65.7%. In addition, HER2 positivity was significantly correlated with multiple, histologic grade, invasiveness, T stage and location of the tumors.Conclusions: The positive rate of HER2 in UC especially in UBC was significantly higher than that in breast cancer reported by others, HER2 positivity is closely associated with tumor progression, HER2 may be an important target of UC, and HER2-positive UC patients may also benefit from HER2-targeted therapy in the future.
How Do Patients’ Needs For Information About COPD Change Over Time: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Sandelowsky Hanna , Krakau Ingvar , Modin Sonja , Ställberg Björn , Nager Anna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: This Swedish observational cohort study aimed to assess changes in patients’ perceived needs for information about COPD over 18 months and how these changes related to changes in patient characteristics. Methods: Data were obtained from 293 randomly selected primary care patients with COPD in GOLD stages 2-3. The Lung Information Needs Questionnaire (LINQ) was used to assess patients’ information needs at baseline and 18 months. Self-reported, descriptive patient data and spirometry results were collected. Results: Although the mean total LINQ score did not change between baseline and follow-up, 43.3% of the patients reported reduced and 56.7% increased or unchanged information needs. Reduced information needs were mainly associated with onset of pulmonary rehabilitation (OR=2.26 [95% CI 1.05-4.86]). Patients in a stable phase of COPD with no recent exacerbations tended to report greater needs than those with an unstable, deteriorated COPD. Conclusion: Patients’ information needs covary with current clinical status, so care providers should continuously be vigilant about offering patients support and education. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, 10 August 2014, Identifier NCT02213809.
Porous activated carbons derived from bamboo pulp black liquor for effective adsorption removal of tetracycline hydrochloride and malachite green from water
Authors: Yang Mengyuan , Cui Ce , Liu Li , Dai Lanling , Bai Wenhao , Zhai Jianyu , Jiang Shan , Wang Weijie , Ren Erhui , Cheng Cheng , Guo Ronghui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As a kind of waste water produced by papermaking industry, bamboo pulp black liquor (BPBL) discharged into water cause serious environmental problems. In this work, BPBL was successfully converted into porous carbon after activation with KOH through one-step carbonization, and adsorption properties of porous carbon derived from bamboo pulp black liquor (BLPC) for tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and malachite green (MG) were studied. Adsorption capacity of BLPC for TCH and MG arrive at 1047 mg/g and 1277 mg/g due to its large specific surface area of 1859.08 m2/g, respectively. Kinetics and isotherm data are well fitted to the pseudo-second-order rate model and Langmuir model, respectively. Adsorption experiments and characterizations reveal that the adsorption mechanism involves in TCH and MG adsorption on BLPC mainly depends on the synergistic effect of pore filling, H-bonding, π-π interactions and weak electrostatic interactions. In addition, BLPC shows excellent photo-thermal property and improves its adsorption properties for TCH and MG under near-infrared irradiation. The synthesized BLPC with high adsorption efficiency, good recovery ability, improved adsorption under near-infrared irradiation can be promising and effective adsorbents for TCH or MG or other pollutes.
Effectiveness Of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)- Generated Cephalograms Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) Cephalometric Analysis
Authors: Chung Eun-Ji , Yang Byoung-Eun , Byun Soo-Hwan , Park In-Young , Yi Sangmin , Kim Young-Hee , Kang Sam-Hee 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Lateral cephalograms and related analysis have become a “gold standard”, since its introduction. However, since conventional cephalometric radiographs display a three-dimensional structure on a 2D plane, inaccuracies may be produced when quantitative evaluation is required. CBCT has minimal image distortion and important parts can be observed without overlapping. It provides a high-resolution 3D image at a relatively low dose and cost but still shows a higher dose than lateral cephalogram. It is especially true for children who are more susceptible to radiation doses and often have difficult diagnoses. If the DICOM data obtained from CBCT are reconstructed, such as the conventional lateral cephalometric radiograph, can be obtained. This study evaluated the applicability of lateral cephalograms generated by CBCT using an artificial intelligence analysis program. Group comprised conventional lateral cephalometric radiographs, group comprised lateral cephalometric radiographs generated from CBCT using OnDemand 3D™, and group comprised lateral cephalometric radiographs generated from CBCT using Invivo 5™. All measurements in the three groups showed non-significant results. Therefore, a CBCT scan and AI programs are an efficient means when performing orthodontic analysis on pediatric or orthodontic patients for orthodontic diagnosis and planning.
Access to treatment for eye disease: A longitudinal thematic evaluation of driving in very old Australian Women.
Authors: White Jennifer , Hambisa Mitike Teshome , Cavenagh Dominic , Dolja-Gore Xenia , Byles Julie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundOver recent decades an increasing number of adults will retain their driver’s licenses well into their later years. The aim of this study was to understand and explore the experience of driving and driving cessation in very old Australian women with self-reported eye disease. MethodsAn interpretative qualitative study. Participants were from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (cohort born in 1921-26), a sample broadly representative of similarly aged Australian women. Responses to open-ended questions were analysed using an inductive thematic approach, employing a process of constant comparison. Results Qualitative data were from 216 older women with eye disease who made 2199 comments about driving, aged between 70 and 90 years depending on the timing of their comments. Themes included: (1) Access to treatment for eye disease promotes driving independence and quality of life; (2) Driving with restrictions for eye disease enables community engagement and (3) Driving cessation due to poor vision leads to significant lifestyle changes Conclusions Key findings highlighted driving cessation, or reduction, is often attributed to deterioration in vision. The consequence is dependence on others for transport, typically children and friends. Access to successful treatment for eye disease allowed older women to continue driving. We posit that occupational therapists can play an essential role in promote driving confidence and ability as women age. Trial registration: Not applicable.
Study On The Host Localization Characteristics Of Corythucha Ciliate Say, In China
Authors: Zhang Xinwei , Wang Mengxiao , Qu Yongyun , Wu Haiwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In 2006, Corythucha ciliate was first discovered in China. It was an important invasive pest and had spread from the Yangtze River basin to most of northern China for more than ten years.In this paper, the artificial release method was used to determine the role of visual and olfactory signals in locating the host by the C. ciliate. The results showed that nearly 80% of the adults of C. ciliate tended to coexist visual and olfactory signals compared with single olfactory signals. After the removal of the main olfactory organs of C. ciliate, more than 77% of individuals still tended to visual signals, proving that visual signals play a major role in the process of locating host in the C. ciliate. This result could provide a new theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the C. ciliate.
Efficacy and cost of double filtration plasmapheresis in severe hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Han Pan , Gao Chenyang , Xu Xin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The value of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in severe hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis (sHTGP) is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of DFPP on clinical results in patients with sHTGP and the costs associated with the procedure.
Methods
Patients who underwent DFPP after admission between January 2016 and December 2021 were recruited. Data on lipid profile, clinical results, and costs were retrospectively collected and analyzed.
Results
Fifty sHTGP patients who received DFPP were enrolled. All of the lipid profile were significantly reduced and maintained a downward trend. The APACHE II score on admission was higher and the reduction after DFPP was more obvious (P < 0.05) in patients with higher triglyceride (TG) levels (≥ 33.9 mmol/L) than in patients with lower TG levels. More material fees were expended in the higher TG group due to more DFPP sessions (P < 0.05), but no significant differences existed in total hospital costs between the two groups.
Conclusion
DFPP could rapidly and effectively reduce TGs to a safe level. APACHE II score reduction was obvious in patients with TGs ≥ 33.9 mmol/L and was associated with lipid profile changes. DFPP may benefit sHTGP patients with a TG level higher than the current initiation threshold.
Constrained Acetabular Liners are a Viable Option in Second-Stage Re-Implantation for Chronic Infected Total Hip Arthroplasty with Abductor or Greater Trochanter Deficiency and Large Acetabular Bone Defects
Authors: Xiao Qiang , Ling Tingxian , Zhou Kai , Yuan Mingcheng , Xu Bing , Zhou Zongke 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Abductor mechanism deficiency is a clear indication for using constrained acetabular liners (CALs), and large acetabular bone defects are considered a relative contraindication to CALs. We report the results of using CALs in special cases in which abductor or greater trochanter deficiency was accompanied by large acetabular bone defects at second-stage re-implantation for chronic infected total hip arthroplasty (THA).
Methods
Between January 2010 and January 2018, 19 patients who used CALs at second-stage re-implantation and had abductor or greater trochanter deficiency and large acetabular bone defects were included in this study. We followed up with the clinical and radiological results of these patients. Complications and infection-related information were also recorded.
Results
Eight patients, 4 patients, and 7 patients had Paprosky type ⅡB, type ⅡC, and type ⅢA acetabular bone defects at second-stage re-implantation, respectively. The indication for using CALs was abductor deficiency in 14 patients and greater trochanter deficiency in the other 5 patients. The mean follow-up was 74.4 months (range 50–96). The mean Harris Hip Score (HHS) was 76.3 points (range 62–86) at the last follow-up. Three patients presented acetabular radiolucent lines with no progress: zone 3, zone 3 and zone 2 and 3, respectively. One patient suffered transient sciatic nerve palsy. There was no dislocation, failure of the CALs, reoperation, or recurrence of infection.
Conclusion
Our results suggested that for screened patients, CALs are a viable option in second-stage re-implantation for chronic infected THA with abductor or greater trochanter deficiency and large bone defects.
The global inhomogeneity index assessed by electrical impedance tomography overestimates PEEP requirement in patients with ARDS
Authors: Heines Serge J.H. , de Jongh Sebastiaan A.M. , Strauch Ulrich , Horst Iwan C.C. van der , de Poll Marcel C.G. van , Bergmans Dennis C.J.J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) visualises alveolar overdistension (OD) and collapse (CL) and enables optimisation of ventilator settings by using the best balance between OD and Cl (ODCL). Besides, the global inhomogeneity index (GI), measured by EIT, may also be of added value in determining PEEP. PEEP is determined based on the best dynamic compliance (Cdyn) without EIT. This study aimed to assess the effect of a PEEP trial on ODCL, GI and Cdyn in patients with and without ARDS. Secondly, PEEP levels from “optimal PEEP” approaches by ODCL, GI and Cdyn are compared. In 2015–2016, we included patients with ARDS using postoperative cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) patients as a reference group. A PEEP trial was performed with four consecutive incremental followed by four decremental PEEP steps of 2 cmH2O. Primary outcomes at each step were GI, ODCL and Cdyn. In addition, the agreement between ODCL, GI, and Cdyn was determined for the individual patient. 28 ARDS and 17 CTS patients were included. The mean optimal PEEP, according to Cdyn, was 10.3 (± 2.9) cmH2O in ARDS compared to 9.8 (± 2.5) cmH2O in CTS patients. Optimal PEEP according to ODCL was 10.9 (± 2.5) in ARDS and 9.6 (± 1.6) in CTS patients. Optimal PEEP according to GI was 17.1 (± 3.9) in ARDS compared to 14.2 (± 3.4) in CTS. Currently, no golden standard to titrate PEEP is available. We showed that when using the GI, PEEP requirements are higher compared to ODCL and Cdyn during a PEEP trial in patients with and without ARDS.
The Score After Ten Years of Registration of Systematic Review Protocols
Authors: Braak Kim van der , Ghannad Mona , Orelio Claudia , Heus Pauline , Damen Johanna A.A. , Spijker Rene , Robinson Karen , Lund Hans , Hooft Lotty 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: With the exponential growth of published systematic reviews (SR), there is a high potential for overlapping and redundant duplication of work. Prospective protocol registration gives the opportunity to assess the added value of a new study or review, thereby potentially reducing research waste and simultaneously increasing transparency and research quality. The PROSPERO database for SR protocol registration was launched ten years ago. This study aims to assess the proportion SRs of intervention studies with a protocol registration (or publication) and explore associations of SR characteristics with protocol registration status. Methods: PubMed was searched for SRs of human intervention studies published in January 2020 and January 2021. After random stratified sampling and eligibility screening, data extraction on publication and journal characteristics; and protocol registration status was performed. Both descriptive and multivariate comparative statistical analysis were performed.Results: A total of 357 SRs (2020: n=163; 2021: n=194) were included from a random sample of 1267 publications. Of the published SRs, 38% had a protocol. SRs that reported PRISMA have higher odds of having a protocol than publications that did not report PRISMA (OR 2.6; 95% CI: 1.20 to 5.69). SRs with a higher journal impact factor, have a higher odds of having a protocol (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.23). Of the 19 SRs published in journals that endorse PROSPERO, 37% did not have a protocol. Most SR protocols were registered in PROSPERO (n=129; 96%).Conclusions: We found that only 38% of recently published SRs of interventions reported a registered or published protocol. Protocol registration was significantly associated with a higher impact factor of the journal publishing the SR and a more frequent reporting of use of PRISMA guidelines. In some parts of the world, SR protocols are more often registered or published than others. Further research is needed to gain understanding of the benefits and informativeness of SRs protocols amongst different stakeholders, to guide strategies to increase the uptake of SR protocol registration.Protocol registration: osf.io/9kj7r/