bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGENALAN MANAJEMEN BISNIS SYARIAH MELALUI PELATIHAN DIGITAL MARKETING USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH DI DESA GUNUNG BUNDER II, KECAMATAN PAMIJAHAN, KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Amalia Trisia , Trihantana Rully , Suryani Ermi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Covid-19 virus has appeared in Indonesia since March 2020, the existence of this covid virus has a major impact on MSME actors, especially in Gunung Bunder 2 Village, Pamijahan District, Bogor Regency. Gunung Bunder 2 Village is one of the tourist villages and includes a productive community because in that village there is an Aquascape MSME. These aquascapes are types of decoration for the aquarium. And to minimize the impact of covid-19 on the Aquascape MSMEs, I conducted socialization to the surrounding community, especially the Aquascape MSME actors about the importance of the Digital Marketing strategy and created Instagram, Facebook, and WhatsApp Business accounts that would help as a marketing medium for Aquascape products. With this technology-based marketing, I hope that the sale of various types of Aquascape products can be sold maximally because the use of the internet, especially social media, is more effective and reaches all levels of society. Especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, everyone spends time on the internet and conducts buying and selling activities online, especially through social media and e-commerce.
Keyword: Digital Marketing, MSME Aquascape, Covid-19
Medical Professionals’ Administrative Burdens- A Less Talked About Issue
Authors: Ansari Sadia , Fatima Hameeda 
Published: September 2022

The modern-day clinical practice extends a step furtherthan traditional patient care that focuses primarily on clinical issues. It requires additional administrative responsibilities, and documentation. Physicians often get overwhelmed with the non-clinical tasks expected of them, adding to their existing burden of providing clinical care to a high volume of patients.
Viable solutions to alleviate the burdens discussed in this article include equipping physicians with necessary administrative skills by providing them adequate software training, making virtual scribe services more uniform and easily accessible, and developing artificial intelligence and advanced voice-gesture-based interfaces. In addition, insurance companies and regulators should consider implementing changes that are physician friendly.
The extensive administrative tasks that physicians handle on a day-to-day basis lead to an increased risk of burnout and a sense of dissatisfaction among health providers as they struggle to divide time between patient care and office work.
مواقف الشيخ يوسف البحراني (ت1286هج) من التقسيم الرباعي للاحاديث
Authors: Meras Meras 
Published: September 2022

تهدف هذه الدراسة الى الابانة عن مواقف الشيخ يوسف البحراني، (ت1286ه) في كتابه الحدائق الناضرة إذ أنه سار في ركب القائلين بالتقسيم الرباعي عند الامامية مع ما اشتهر عنه أنه من عمد الاخبارية وأقطابها، ولم يقتصر في جهده على الكتب الاربعة فقط بل تعداه الى كتب اخرى، واعتمدها في استدلالاته الفقهية في كتابه الحدائق الناضرة، وقد انتظم البحث على النحو الآتي :
1- المطلب الاول : موقفه من التقسيم الرباعي للحديث (الاصطلاح الجديد في تنويع الاحاديث)
2 - المطلب الثاني : موقفه من الكتب الحديثية الاخرى (غير الكتب الاربعة )
3 - المطلب الثالث : موقفه في تصحيح جملة من الروايات
ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮّﻥ ﺍﻟـﺘﺸﺮﻳﻌﻲ ﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳّﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﻤﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
Authors: Meras Meras 
Published: September 2022

ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﻗﺘﻀـﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ، ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺴﻪ ﻳﻘﺮّﺭ ﺃﻥّ ﺍﻟﺸَّﺮﻳﻌﺔ: (ﻫﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﺸَّﺎﺭِﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ، ﻭﺍﺷﺘُﻖّ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟـﺸّﺮﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳّﻦ، ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:  ﺛُﻢَّ ﺟَﻌَﻠْﻨَﺎﻙَ ﻋَﻠَﻰ ﺷَﺮِﻳﻌَﺔٍ ﻣِﻦَ ﺍﻷَْﻣْﺮِ )(1)، ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻏﺐ ﺍﻟﺸَـﺮْﻉُ: (ﻧﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺿﺢ، ﻳﻘﺎﻝ: ﺷﺮَ ﻋْﺖُ ﻟﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎً ﻭﺍﻟـﺸﺮﻉ: ﻣﺼﺪﺭ، ﺛﻢّ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﺳﻤﺎً ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺞ ﻓﻘﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ: ﺷِﺮْﻉٌ، ﻭﺷَﺮْﻉٌ، ﻭَﺷَﺮِﻳﻌﺔٌ، ﻭﺍﺳﺘُﻌِﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻹِﻟﻬﻴّﺔ. ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:  ﻟِﻜُﻞٍّ ﺟَﻌَﻠْﻨَﺎ ﻣِﻨْﻜُﻢْ ﺷِﺮْﻋَﺔً ﻭَﻣِﻨْﻬَﺎﺟًﺎ )، ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺯﻱ: ﺇﻥّ ﺍﻟـﺸَﺮﻳﻌﺔُ ﻫﻲ: (ﻣـﺸﺮﻋﺔُ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀِ، ﻭﺍﻟﺸَـﺮﻳﻌَﺔُ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺮّﻉ ﺍﻟﻠﻪُ ﻟِﻌﺒِﺎﺩِﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪِّﻳﻦِِ)، ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﻧﻔﻬﻢ ﺃﻥّ ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻱ ﺗﻨﺺّ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻِّﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ.
ﻭﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﻟﻔﻈﺔ (ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ) ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ، ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﻜﻞّ ﻣﻜﻮّﻧﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﺃﺭﻛﺎﻧﻪ، ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ ﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬٍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺠﺮﺟﺎﻧﻲ: (ﻫﻲ ﺍﻻﺋﺘﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﻮﺩﻳﺔ)
الاستشراقُ في فكر إدوارد سعيد قراءة في منهج الخطاب
Authors: Meras Meras 
Published: September 2022

يسلطُ هذا البحث الاضواء على محورين : الاول فكرة الاستشراق ودوره في رسم خارطة للتفاعل الحضاري مابين الشرق والغرب والمحور الثاني على كتاب الاستشراق الذي ينطوي على خلل منهجي يتعلق بتعميمات معتمدة في غالبها على انتقاءات من كتابات لمستشرقين تتناول الشرقيين بامتهان ودونية، وغضّ النظر عن كتابات لآخرين تنحو نحواً مغايراً في وصف الشرق والشرقيين. كما لم يميز إدوارد سعيد في ما نقله من كتابات للمستشرقين بين من كتب طلبا لمجرد الانتقاص ومن كتب تشخيصاً للخلل الذي يستلزم العلاج منوها عن ان رواج الكتاب والاهتمام به من طرف النخبة والجمهور الغربيينِ مرده في المقام الأول إلى سطوة الكاتب العلمية، ومهارته في استعمال أدوات الحجاج، بأسلوب أدبيّ فخم شديد الحرص على التناغم مع الذائقة الغربية، ومحاكاة طرائقها في التفكير. وإدوارد سعيد في كتابه هذا كان أديباً ملتزماً بأداء رسالة اجتماعية أكثر منه ناقداً في موضوع أدبي صرف يقتضي تغليب العلم على ما عداه. وأغلب الظن أن النجاح الذي أحرزه كتاب الاستشراق مرده إلى هذا المنهج الصادم الذي اتبعه المؤلف باحترافية عالية حينما لم يعمد إلى تصنيف موضوع الاستشراق إلى أنواع أو أشكال مختلفة على غرار ما اتبعه السابقون من المشتغلين بهذا الحقل المعرفي، بل اكتفى الكاتب بتقديمه جملة واحدة، والحكم عليه حكماً مطلقاً. ولولا تلك الأسباب لما خرج النصّ من رفّ الكتاب محدود التداول إلى فضاء الخطاب المفتوح .
الرقابة على الموازنة المحلية للمحافظة غير المنتظمة في إقليم (دراسة مقارنة في ضوء القانون العراقي)
Authors: Meras Meras 
Published: September 2022

تعد الرقابة على السلطات المحلية من المقومات الأساسية لنظام اللامركزية الإدارية لذا تعددت الجهات الرقابية وأشكالها ومنها الرقابة على الموازنة المحلية.
ووفقا لمبدأ الفصل بين السلطات تخضع الموازنة المحلية للمحافظة غير المنتظمة في إقليم لأنواع مختلفة من الرقابة مثل الرقابة البرلمانية، والإدارية ، والقضائية ، ورقابة الهيئات المستقلة والتي تجد أساسها التشريعي في كل من القواعد الدستورية التي تنضم الإطار العام لها وفي القواعد القانونية التي تتولى تنظيم ممارستها وتحديد السلطة المختصة بها.
لقد برزت في هذا البحث مجموعة من المسائل منها المتعلقة بالرقابة البرلمانية على الموازنة المحلية للمحافظة غير المنتظمة في إقليم، كما بينت هذه الدراسة الرقابة الإدارية وتعدد صورها ورقابة الهيئات المستقلة فضلا عن الرقابة القضائية على الموازنة المحلية لما للسلطة القضائية من ولاية عامة للرقابة.
أسباب الفساد وعلاجه في ضوء الشريعة الاسلامية
Authors: Dr. Ayat Abdel Wahab Abdel Razzaq  
Published: September 2022

يعد الفساد من الظواهر غير الاخلاقية التي ترتبط بالمصلحة الشخصية استجابة للشهوة والغريزة وهو ممنوع بكل اشكاله وصوره لتأثيره الهدام على المجتمعات .
والاسلام باعتباره دين الهداية وصلاح هو خير نظام سلط الضوء على تلك الظاهرة بين الناس ، فالمجتمع الانساني منذ الازل يعاني من الفساد ، لذلك نجده قد شخص تلك المشكلة بشكل جلي فضلاً عن بيانه لطرق الخلاص من ويلاتها ، فنجد في نصوص القرآن الكريم بيان حقيقة الفساد وقد ضرب نماذج كثيرة تدل على فتكه بالمجتمعات على مدار التاريخ لبيان الغرض من البحث وبيان المشكلة وايجاد الحلول .
وعلى هذا فان الفساد يعد منظومة تخريبية تسبب المزيد من التأخر في عملية البناء والتقدم على كل المستويات والاصعدة ، منها السياسي والاجتماعي والاقتصادي .
لذلك اصبحت مشكلة الفساد تهدد مسيرة المجتمع الانساني وتطال كل مقومات الحياة وعموم ابناء المجتمع .
الاتحادات القبلية في وسط وجنوب العراق وموقف الحكم العثماني منها 1534 – 1831م
Authors: Yasemin Salman Abd oun AL-turfi  
Published: September 2022

احتفظت العشائر العراقية بتنظيم خاص يرتكز الى وحدة النسب والعصبية وتعد العشيرة في المجتمع القبلي الاساس المهم الذي ينضوي تحت لوائه الافراد القاطنون في ديرتهم والديرة تعد منطقة السيادة والنفوذ لهم .
ادت الانتفاضات التي قامت بها الاتحادات القبلية العراقية الى فقدان الدولة العثمانية بسببها الكثير من المال والرجال كان من الممكن ان تستخدم في جبهات اخرى كذلك ابقت هذه التمردات الفوضى مستمرة في وسط وجنوب العراق وساهمت في سوء الاوضاع الاقتصادية والاجتماعية للسكان . كذلك اظهرت الدراسة ان الولاة المماليك عند توليهم الحكم وجدوا قوة قبلية متنفذة في العراق فحاولوا الحد من نفوذها بواسطة العمليات العسكرية المستمرة ولكنهم لم يتمكنوا من فرض سلطتهم على القبائل الا بعد الاستعانة بدعم قبلي ولاسيما من العشائر المؤيدة لهم والتي وثقوا صلاتهم بها وكذلك عملوا على توظيف القبائل عسكرياً بسبب نقص القوات العسكرية النظامية اللازمة الا ان هذه الاساليب لم تجدي نفعاً مع العشائر فعندما تدرك ان الفرصة مناسبة للخروج على سلطة الولاة كانت لا تترد عن استقلالها على كل فترات الولاة سواء العثمانيين او المماليك فلم تهدأ العشائر تجاه سياستهم .
التقية والتنمية البشرية -أئمة اهل البيت  مثالا-
Authors: Professor Ibtisam Al-Sayed Abdul Karim Al-Madani  
Published: September 2022

يفترض البحث إنّ التقية لها علاقة بالقضية الإنسانية, من ناحية حفظ كرامتها التي وهبها إياها الله سبحانه وتعالى من جهة, وديمومة ذلك لمستقبل الإنسانية من جهة أخرى. وسيهدف البحث إلى التحقق من الفرضية التي قدمها, مستعينا بمفهوم التقية وتاريخها ومفهوم التنمية البشرية لأنها اقرب مفهوم للقضية الإنسانية وديمومتها.
الخطاب القرآني ومبدأ الوسطية في الثقافة والأخلاق والقيم الإسلامية
Authors: Prof. Dr. Abdel Qader Salami  , Dr.. Amina Belhashmi  
Published: September 2022

لمّا كان الإسلام ، وما يزالُ و سيبقى ،ما شاء الله له أن يبقى، موطن الوسطية والاعتدال في نشر ثقافة السّلم ونبذ التطرّف بكافّة أشكاله وصوره، فإنّ ورقتنا التالية ترمي إليه برصد بعض نماذجه في القرآن الكريم والثقافة الإسلامية و الشعر العربي الحديث بما يفي وقوفاً على سماحة دينننا الحنيف، و رفض كل أشكال الترهيب المتّبعة في نشر ثقافة العدوان دون ثقافة السّلم المنشود
Application of Semi-Circular Micro-Channel Heat Sink with Phase Change Material for Cooling of Electronic Devices
Authors: Chandra Sunny , Prakash Om , Prakash Anupam 
Published: September 2022

In today’s era demand of fast processing speed and superior performance of electronic devices creates the problem of huge amount of heat generation. About 100 W/cm2 heat fluxes has been generating from advanced microprocessors of latest electronic devices and heat dissipation limited to 37 W/cm2 for air cooling. Semi-circular micro-channel heat sink with Phase change materials still needs to be investigated for the cooling of latest electronic devices as combination of large heat transfer area within a small volume of heat sink and large latent heat released from PCM provides huge amount of heat transfer coefficient which is required to be achieved in the present work. Analytical study of micro-channel heat sink has been performed in the present work at a constant power supply of 95 W using PCM slurry at φ = 0.25 and φ = 0.50 for flow rate in the range of 75 ml/min to 300 ml/min. Heat transfer coefficient of slurry and Nu increases with increase in flow rate. At φ = 0.25 higher heat transfer coefficient and Nu has been observed than φ = 0.50 due to high viscous flow at higher concentration of PCM slurry in micro-channels.
Resilience and Migration: Iranians Living in Australia
Authors: Hosseini Ashraf , Davern Melanie , P. Evans William , Ghazinour Mehdi , Kakuma Ritsuko , Minas Harry 
Published: September 2022

Migration is often a challenging and stressful experience but there is significant variation in the response of individuals to migration-related challenges. This study investigated factors that contribute to resilience among Iranians living in Australia and the relationship between resilience, migration, and socio-demographic variables. Data was collected from 182 Iranian immigrants and refugees. This study used a mixed-method design comprised of an online questionnaire and 12 semi-structured interviews. Lower levels of resilience were found among individuals who had experienced higher levels of discrimination compared to those who had experienced moderate levels (p < 0.05). Refugees reported lower levels of resilience and a higher experience of discrimination than immigrants (p < 0.05). Interview findings reveal the two main themes that contributed to resilience, which were protective factors including personal and social competencies, social and family support, and longer duration in Australia and risk factors such as unemployment, discrimination, and loneliness. Several possible approaches to assist immigrants and refugees are suggested, including strategies that could lessen the challenges of the migration process and enhance protective factors associated with resilience.
Anesthesia in Plastic Surgery: Intersurgical I-gel Placement in a Prone Position
Authors: Adrianne Deutsch Judith , Šakić Kata , Bagatin Dinko , Nemrava Johann , Bagatin Tomica 
Published: September 2022

Anesthesia is a specialization which in past history has branched off of surgery. It needs to be very creative in its delivery, in order to accommodate the many operating positions, needed by the surgeon. The patient positions must also be safe and adequate for proper ventilation, throughout the operative procedure. There are times when multiple positions must be used, turning the patient over, even several times. Careful planning and team discussions prior to an operation are absolutely necessary, to form anesthetic and operative plans. The aim of the supraglottic airway device (Intersurgical i-gel) prone position induction method is to describe, detail and present its safe efficacy for certain planned operative procedures. Patient fasting preparation is a must, nil by mouth for 8 h. This method and sequence alleviates the use of muscle relaxants for patient rotation. This increases patient safety by keeping muscle tone normal, reduced drug use, minimizing rotation of the patient, and reduces possible injury of patient and among staff involved in rotating. Some may say induction in the prone position may be unsafe due to aspiration risks, but knowing anatomy and gravitational physics, in the event of any secretions projected, they will project forwards onto the operating table (through the gastric port of the i-gel), not into the tracheal area. This similar technique and principle are seen and used for the recovery position, to aid in free drainage of fluid from within the oral cavity. The method is used for a variety of operations worldwide and introduced in 2018 at Poliklinika Bagatin (PB). Approximately, 80 prone position inductions or 10% of all general anesthesias are performed every year at PB. More than 240 anesthesized patients in the prone position with an i-gel have used this method, since it was introduced. All have been with excellent results, minimal risk and appropriate ventilation of patients. I-gel placement in prone position was successful everytime. This method is advantageous to avoid multiple rotations of patients and avoid the use of muscle relaxants, otherwise used, with classic endotracheal intubation methods. The exact process will be discussed in more detail and described within the chapter.
Wind Tunnel Experiments on Turbulent Boundary Layer Flows
Authors: R. Wittwer Adrián , M. Loredo-Souza Acir , O. Marighetti Jorge , E. De Bortoli Mario 
Published: September 2022

The knowledge and experimental development of boundary layer turbulent flows is extremely important in applications related to the building aerodynamics, wind comfort, atmospheric dispersion, and even aeronautics. The Aerodynamic Laboratories of the UFRGS and UNNE have been making joint activities related to wind engineering such as those mentioned earlier for more than 25 years. In this work, a compilation of different experiments on turbulent boundary layer flows realized in these both laboratories is carried out. The characteristics of flows that develop on a smooth surface of the wind tunnel are experimentally evaluated. Then, reduced-scale models of atmospheric boundary layer flows are analyzed including the effects of turbulence generators and surface roughness. Special attention on the behavior of the turbulent parameters in the case of experimental studies using low mean velocity is paid. Finally, some comments referring to recent studies on thermal effects in turbulent boundary layer flows and the development of reduced-scale models of convective flows are included.
An Analysis of the Pathologic Features of Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm Based on a Comprehensive Literature Database of Cases
Authors: Ohgami Robert S. , Aung Phyu P. , Gru Alejandro A. , Hussaini Mohammad , Singh Kunwar , Querfeld Christiane , Yao Kelou , Small Corinn , Gollapudi Sumanth , Jaye David , Wang Sa A. , Pullarkat Sheeja , George Tracy I. 
Published: September 2022

Context.—
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematologic malignancy with poor outcome. BPDCN diagnostically overlaps with entities such as acute myeloid leukemia, histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms, and natural killer/T-cell lymphomas. Unfortunately, large, patient-centered studies that comprehensively analyze clinical, pathologic, and other diagnostic features are lacking. As such, there is an incomplete understanding of this disease.

Objective.—
To better characterize BPDCN, a multicenter working group consisting of hematopathologists and dermatopathologists gathered in person and remotely to review the current understanding of BPDCN, discuss specific issues regarding the diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and perform a retrospective analysis of the literature.

Data Sources.—
The working group curated a database of published BPDCN patient cases (BPDCN Network literature database), and following careful discussion and review, 361 articles were identified, comprising a total of 1513 individually annotated patients.

Conclusions.—
By conducting an in-depth analysis, not only did we confirm known findings such as frequent skin involvement (84% of patients; 861 of 1028) and a male predominance among older patients (&gt;60 years old; male to female ratio of 3.5:1; 617:177), but we also identified a number of underrecognized features, such as significant central nervous system involvement (38% of cases; 24 of 64), and a more equal male to female prevalence among patients younger than 40 years (male to female ratio of 1.25:1; 167:134). Furthermore, we were able to accurately summarize the immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and molecular features of this disease. BPDCN is a complex disease with distinct morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular findings. Continual updates of the literature database generated here and further analysis can allow for prospective refinement of our understanding of this orphan disease.
O protagonismo de três mulheres na edição universitária brasileira
Authors: Pinto Gabriella Nair Figueiredo Noronha , Silva Sérgio Antônio 
Published: September 2022

A edição universitária, apesar de ter se desenvolvido tardiamente no Brasil, ocupa um espaço significativo no cenário editorial nacional, não apenas na produção de obras relevantes, como também na formação de profissionais e de autores. Diversas mulheres desempenharam e continuam a desempenhar papéis importantes na gestão dessas instituições, cuja atuação, porém, nem sempre consta na narrativa hegemônica e, por isso, nos deixa a impressão de ser menor ou menos qualificada. Neste artigo, no âmbito dos estudos da edição abordados sob uma perspectiva de gênero, é narrada a trajetória de três mulheres importantes na edição universitária no Brasil: Sônia Queiroz – Editora UFMG, Flávia Goulart Rosa – Edufba e Rita Argollo – Editus, bem como são descritas as contribuições ao desenvolvimento e profissionalização desse setor e as questões de gênero que perpassam essas histórias.
The healing effect of resveratrol and platelet rich plasma in corrosive esophagitis model in rats
Authors: ÖZDEN Hüseyin , GÖMEÇ Muhammed , ŞAHİN Yaşar , KARACA Gökhan , BULUT Huri , KİLİTCİ Asuman 
Published: September 2022

Background: Corrosive esophageal burns have high morbidity and mortality. The effective treatment is controversial. In our study, we aimed to examine the effects of resveratrol (RSV) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) on healing in the corrosive esophagitis model in rats.
Material and methods: A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups each as esophagitis, control, PRP and RSV groups. No treatment was administered to the control group. The esophagitis model was induced in the esophagitis and treatment groups. The esophagitis group was not treated. PRP group was treated with PRP, RSV group was treated with RSV. Pathological and biochemical examinations were performed from distal esophagitis.
Results: The highest tissue IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were observed in the esophagitis group. The lowest tissue IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were noted in the control group. The highest tissue TAS levels were observed in the control group. The lowest tissue TAS levels were noted in the esophagitis group. The other groups had significantly lower mean tissue TOS and OSI levels than the esophagitis group (P
A novel alkane monooxygenase (alkB) clade revealed by massive genomic survey and its dissemination association with IS elements
Authors: Wang Shaojing , Li Guoqiang , Liao Zitong , Liu Tongtong , Ma Ting 
Published: September 2022

Background
Alkanes are important components of fossil energy, such as crude oil. The alkane monooxygenase encoded by alkB gene performs the initial step of alkane degradation under aerobic conditions. The alkB gene is well studied due to its ubiquity as well as the availability of experimentally functional evidence. The alkBFGHJKL and alkST clusters are special kind of alkB-type alkane hydroxylase system, which encode all proteins necessary for converting alkanes into corresponding fatty acids.

Methods
To explore whether the alkBFGHJKL and alkST clusters were widely distributed, we performed a large-scale analysis of isolate and metagenome assembled genome data (>390,000 genomes) to identify these clusters, together with distributions of corresponding taxonomy and niches. The set of alk-genes (including but not limited to alkBGHJ) located near each other on a DNA sequence was defined as an alk-gene cluster in this study. The alkB genes with alkGHJ located nearby on a DNA sequence were picked up for the investigation of putative alk-clusters.

Results
A total of 120 alk-gene clusters were found in 117 genomes. All the 117 genomes are from strains located only in α- and γ-proteobacteria. The alkB genes located in alk-gene sets were clustered into a deeply branched mono-clade. Further analysis showed similarity organization types of alk-genes were observed within closely related species. Although a large number of IS elements were observed nearby, they did not lead to the wide spread of the alk-gene cluster. The uneven distribution of these elements indicated that there might be other factors affecting the transmission of alk-gene clusters.

Conclusions
We conducted systematic bioinformatics research on alk-genes located near each other on a DNA sequence. This benchmark dataset of alk-genes can provide base line for exploring its evolutional and ecological importance in future studies.