bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature-robust rapid eye movement and slow wave sleep in the lizard Laudakia vulgaris
Authors: Albeck Nitzan , Udi Daniel I. , Eyal Regev , Shvartsman Arik , Shein-Idelson Mark 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDuring sleep our brain switches between two starkly different brain states - slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. While this two-state sleep pattern is abundant across birds and mammals, its existence in other vertebrates is not universally accepted, its evolutionary emergence is unclear and it is undetermined whether it is a fundamental property of vertebrate brains or an adaptation specific to homeotherms. To address these questions, we conducted electrophysiological recordings in the Agamid lizard, Laudakia vulgaris during sleep. We found clear signatures of two-state sleep that resemble the mammalian and avian sleep patterns. These states switched periodically throughout the night with a cycle of ~90 seconds and were remarkably similar to the states previously reported in Pogona vitticeps. Interestingly, in contrast to the high temperature sensitivity of mammalian states, state switches were robust to large variations in temperature. We also found that breathing rate, micro-movements and eye movements were locked to the REM state as they are in mammals. Collectively, these findings suggest that two-state sleep is abundant across the agamid family, shares physiological similarity to mammalian sleep, and can be maintain in poikilothems, increasing the probability that it existed in the cold-blooded ancestor of amniotes.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals With Hearing Loss and Audiology Practice in a Developing Country
Authors: Quar Tian Kar , Rashid Mohd Fadzil Nor , Rosdi Muhd Yusran Mohd , Ishak Wan Syafira , Chong Foong Yen 
Published: November 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the challenges faced by individuals with hearing loss at a time when many nations were attempting to move from the COVID-19 pandemic to endemic.

Design:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on Malaysian adults with hearing loss to determine the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on hearing aid management, communication difficulties, psychosocial challenges, and access to audiological services.

Study Sample:
One hundred forty-six individuals aged 18 years old and above with hearing loss were recruited from hearing health care centers to participate in the survey.

Results:
Many of the participants (54.2%) reported significant difficulties communicating with people wearing face masks. For hearing aid management, repairing (36.3%) and fine-tuning devices (30.2%) were considered more challenging than obtaining a battery (21.3%). The COVID-19 pandemic had a serious psychosocial impact on a small portion of the individuals surveyed. Remote services were rarely offered by the audiologists, and most participants preferred in-person treatment. However, the majority perceived that creating awareness and training on telehealth was important.

Conclusions:
Effective management for people with hearing loss needs to consider the challenges faced by them, as the world prepares to live with the coronavirus. Clinical protocols should consider providing a service that is helpful for the clients as well as safe and sustainable in future pandemics.
Speaker front‐back disambiguity using multi‐channel speech signals
Authors: Qian Xinyuan , Yang Jichen , Brutti Alessio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper tackles the front‐back disambiguity problem in speaker localization when the audio signals are captured by a symmetric microphone array. To this end, a deep neural network is proposed with an attention‐based mechanism designed to assign different weights to features obtained from individual microphones. For support, a real dataset with synchronized multichannel audio signals captured by a large linear microphone array is introduced, along with manual annotations. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method over the other approaches. In particular, more than 50% reduction in Equal Error Rate (EER) is achieved when comparing with the single‐channel case. The designed multi‐channel self‐attention mechanism also brings further improvements. The dataset and source code will be released.
Dynamic identification of key nodes in active distribution network for operation optimisation requirements
Authors: Liu Zhihong , Sheng Wanxing , Su Juan , Du Songhuai , Xia Yue , Wang Jinli 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAccurate and dynamic identification of key nodes that can efficiently improve the safety and economy of active distribution network (ADN) is of great significance for optimising the operation level of ADN with time‐varying characteristics. In this study, a dynamic identification method for the key nodes of ADN operation optimisation requirements is proposed. Firstly, considering the influence of nodes on ADN operation performance, the importance of nodes in the network structure, and the controllable potential of nodes, a multi‐angle key node identification index system is constructed. Secondly, considering the influence of the ADN operation state on node importance, the classification boundary of ADN operation state was set to determine the operation state of the ADN at different times. Thirdly, the order relation analysis method and variation coefficient method were used to comprehensively evaluate the key nodes of the ADN under different operating states. Finally, the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution is used to sort the comprehensive evaluation results of key nodes to achieve the effective identification of key nodes. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are verified on 33‐bus and 118‐bus test systems considering the time sequence variation in distributed generation and load.
V‐I droop‐based distributed event‐ and self‐triggered secondary control of AC microgrids
Authors: Hajian Masoud , Golsorkhi Mohammad S. , Ranjbar Alireza , Shafiee Qobad , Savaghebi Mehdi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, distributed event‐and self‐triggered (ST) control methods are proposed for accurate load sharing and voltage control in islanded AC microgrids with resistive line impedances. The proposed control framework is comprised of a two‐level control structure. At the primary level, the V‐I droop control method is adopted. In this method, the distributed energy resources (DERs) are synchronised to a common synchronous reference frame and load sharing is accomplished through voltage‐current droop characteristics in this frame. The secondary level, which has a distributed structure, mitigates the voltage deviations induced by the primary level and eliminates the current sharing error caused by the line impedances. The data exchange among the DERs is controlled using event‐ and ST algorithms. In order to reduce the communication burden, the feedback control laws are realised using estimated variables, which are updated at certain event times. The event times are extracted based on Lyapunov stability analysis and by consideration of the V‐I droop characteristics. Comparison of event and ST algorithms shows that while the event‐triggered strategy offers superior dynamic response, the ST approach requires lower network traffic. The efficacy of the proposed scheme is verified through real time simulation results.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentrations of Neurotransmitters in a Greek Pediatric Reference Population
Authors: Vilanakis Emmanouil , Papakonstantinou Evangelos , Paramera Efstathia , Argyri Ioanna , Drakou Eleni , Kokkinou Eleftheria , Zouvelou Vicky , Outsika Chrysa , Pons Roser 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Biogenic amines and pterins analysis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of inherited disorders of monoamine neurotransmitters.
Objective The objectives of this study were the establishment of reference values of CSF biogenic amine metabolites in a cohort of Greek children, the detection of primary defects of biogenic amine metabolism, and the assessment of biogenic amine metabolites in children with different neurological disorders.
Methods CSF biogenic amine metabolites and pterins (biopterin and neopterin) were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical and fluorescence detection. Three hundred sixty-three samples were analyzed: 60 infants and children with no history of neurological disorder, 6 with inherited disorders of monoamine neurotransmitters, and 297 with diverse neurological disorders.
Results Reference values were stratified into six age groups. A strong correlation between homovanillic acid (HVA) and ﻿5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) levels with age was detected (p < 0.001). Two patients were diagnosed with a defect of the biogenic amine synthetic pathway and three with a defect of tetrahydrobiopterin cofactor production. HVA and 5HIAA abnormalities were detected within different groups of neurological disorders, but none followed a specific pattern of HVA and 5HIAA abnormalities.
Conclusion In the current study, Greek reference values of biogenic amines and pterins in CSF are presented. Five new patients with inherited monoamine neurotransmitter disorders are described. Nonspecific secondary biogenic amine disturbances can be seen in patients with different neurological disorders.
Make Bayley III Scores Comparable between United States and German Norms—Development of Conversion Equations
Authors: Kosmann Pauline , Blaeser Annett , Rochow Markus , So Hon Yiu , Ascherl Rudolf , Heussinger Nicole , Haiden Nadja , Fusch Christoph , Rochow Niels ,   on behalf of GTC Consortium
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aim Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley-III) determines scaled scores and converts these into composite scores. It was shown that applying the German and the U.S. manual leads to different results. This study aims to systematically analyze the differences between the U.S. and German Bayley-III version and to develop conversion equations.
Methods This simulation study generated a dataset of pairs of U.S. and German Bayley-III composite scores (cognitive: n = 4,416, language: n = 240,000, motor: n = 314,000) by converting the same number of achievable tasks for 48 age groups. Bland–Altman plot and regression analyses were performed to develop conversion equations for all age groups.
Results German and US Bayley-III scores demonstrate distinct slope and interception for cognitive, language, and motor composite scores. Lower developmental performance leads to higher composite scores with U.S. norms compared with German norms (up to 15 points). These differences varied between age groups. With newly developed conversion equations, the results can be converted (R
2 > 0.98).
Interpretation This study confirms systematic differences between U.S. and German Bayley test results due to different reference cohorts. Our data consider the full age range and add conversion equations. These findings need to be acknowledged when comparing Bayley Scores internationally.
Risk-Taking Behaviors in Children with ADHD Compared to Children with Primary Headaches
Authors: Winter Gidon Nathan , Aran Adi , Pollak Yehuda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe study examined the engagement in risk-taking behaviors and their onset in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with children with primary headaches. Whether ADHD is associated with higher engagement in risk-taking behavior compared with other neurodevelopmental disorders (and not only typical development) has yet to be demonstrated. A sample of 189 children, 10 to 18 years old, undergoing neurological surveillance for ADHD (N = 144) or primary headaches (N = 45) participated in the study. The children and their parents reported the children's engagement in various risk-taking behaviors. The ADHD group reported a higher level of general risk-taking behavior relative to the headache group. The differences remained significant even after controlling for demographic and clinical variables. No differences in the age of onset of risk-taking behaviors were found. It is concluded that risk-taking behavior is more common in children with ADHD under active neurological surveillance than in children followed for primary headaches.
Palladium-Catalyzed Denitrogenative Cross-Coupling of Silicon-Masked, Aryl-Substituted Diazenes and Aryl Bromides
Authors: Finck Lucie , Dabrowski Sarah , Oestreich Martin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA denitrogenative palladium-catalyzed C(sp2)–C(sp2) cross-coupling of aryl-substituted diazenes capped with a trimethylsilyl group and functionalized aryl bromides is reported. A PEPPSI™ catalyst in the presence of NaOt-Bu enables the activation of the N-aryl-N′-silyldiazene pronucleophile with concomitant loss of dinitrogen and subsequent coupling of the in-situ-formed aryl nucleophile. By this, biaryl compounds bearing a variety of substituents can be prepared.
Outcomes of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia - Blast Phase: A Single-center Experience from South India
Authors: Nakka Thejeswar , Bhattacherjee Arnab , Krishnamoorthi Narendran , Tumathy Divya Bala , Dahagama Sindhu , Dubashi Biswajit , Ganesan Prasanth , Kayal Smita 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe blast phase (BP) is challenging to treat and leads to inferior survival in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AlloSCT) is the only curative option for CML-BP. We are sharing our experience of AlloSCT in seven patients with CML-BP who underwent transplants during the period from January 2017 to December 2019. Three patients each had myeloid-BP, lymphoid-BP, and one patient had mixed phenotypic BP. Donors were matched siblings in four, mismatched siblings in one, and haploidentical in two. All patients received peripheral blood stem cell grafts. The median CD34+ dose was 7.6 (range: 6.6–8.9) × 106 cells/kg. Neutrophil engraftment was observed at a median of 15 (10–20) days and platelet engraftment at 19 days (10–22). At a median follow-up of 24 months, the 2-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) were 43% and 57%, respectively. Transplant-related, non-relapse mortality was observed in three patients. AlloSCT results in promising survival for carefully selected patients of CML-BP, especially with a matched sibling donor.
Arsenicum album Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis, and Inhibits Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Hormone-Dependent MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Basu Nilanjana , Garg Manoj , Tandon Chanderdeep , Das Bhudev Chandra , Tandon Simran 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been in therapeutic use since the 18th century for various types of cancers including skin and breast; however, it gained popularity following FDA approval for its use against acute promyelocytic leukemia. This present work was designed to evaluate the anti-cancer potential of a homeopathic potency of arsenic trioxide (Arsenicum album 6C) in hormone-dependent breast cancer.
Methods Breast cancer cells (MCF7) were treated with Arsenicum album (Ars 6C) to evaluate its anti-proliferative and apoptotic potential. We examined the effect of Ars 6C on the cell cycle, wound healing, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and modulation of expression of key genes which are aberrant in cancer.
Results Treating breast cancer cells with Ars 6C halted the cell cycle at the sub-G0 and G2/M phases, which could be attributed to DNA damage induced by the generation of ROS. Apoptotic induction was associated with upregulation of Bax expression, with concurrent downregulation of the Bcl-2 gene. Ars 6C was also seen to reverse epithelial to mesenchymal transition and reduce the migration of breast cancer cells.
Conclusion The findings suggest that Ars has significant anti-proliferative and apoptotic potential against breast cancer cells. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism by which Ars exerts its effect in the in vivo setting.
The Role of Bosutinib in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Agarwal Mohan Bajranglal , John Manthanathu Joseph , Jain Punit , Vaid Ashok Kumar , Bapna Ajay , Basade Maheboob , Dattatreya Palanki Satya , Chakrapani Anupam , Ramanan Vijay , Varadarajan R. , Subramanian Murali , Shah Chirag Aniruddha , Warrier Narayanakutty , Sanyal Subhaprakash , Ashwin Tyavanagi Shankarmurthy , Ramanjinappa Nagendra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractManagement of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has been transformed by the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Presently in India, five TKIs are approved for the management of CML with distinct safety profiles. The selection of TKIs for chronic phase (CP)-CML patients is based on treatment goals, underlying comorbidities, and specific TKI toxicity profiles. Bosutinib is one of five TKIs indicated for the first-line treatment of CP-CML and patients with intolerance or resistance to prior TKI therapy. It possesses a distinct safety profile among other TKIs, with less cardiovascular adverse events (AEs), albeit the liver-related and gastrointestinal AEs have higher occurrence. The safety and efficacy of bosutinib have been examined in clinical trials; however, there is a paucity of data from Asia. A virtual expert panel meeting was convened to gather expert opinion from India on the selection of bosutinib as a treatment choice for patients with CP-CML. This is a white paper document drafted with the help of an expert panel of 14 oncologists and hematooncologists from India on bosutinib use in CP-CML. The experts concurred that bosutinib has proven efficacy for CP-CML in global randomized clinical trials and is well suited for CP-CML patients with existing cardiovascular comorbidities. However, it was not recommended for patients with gastrointestinal, pancreatic, or renal abnormalities. This review aims to put forth expert opinion and guidance document on key considerations for CP-CML clinical decision-making in India.
Role of Antifungal Prophylaxis in Invasive Fungal Infection in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia—A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Selvam Nisanth , Lashkari Harsha Prasada 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroduction Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. Its outcome in India is not as good as that in the western world. One of the important reasons for lesser survival rates is opportunistic infections, including invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Antifungal prophylaxis (AFP) in ALL children is routinely not followed. However, owing to its incidence in high-risk ALL, this study is focused on the use of AFP in those children.Objectives This retrospective study investigated the role of AFP in newly diagnosed children with high-risk ALL on intensive blocks of therapy on regimens B and C of the United Kingdom Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia 2003 protocol.Materials and Methods The study was conducted in a tertiary care center from 1st December 2013 to 31st December 2019 and included children with ALL from 1 to 18 years of age. Routine AFP with voriconazole was commenced for high-risk ALL children from 1st July 2017 onward in our center. We analyzed data of all IFIs in children before and after AFP with National Cancer Institute high-risk status who had been started on regimen B induction and regimen B or C consolidation and intensification phases.Results A total of 55 children with high-risk ALL were included in the study. The median age was 4 years, with the majority being between the age of 1 and 10 years (38 out of 55; 65%) and predominantly male (36 out of 55; 69%). Total incidence of IFI in our cohort was 51% (28 out of 55). A significant number of children (16 out of 22 [70%]) who were not on prophylaxis developed IFI versus children (12 out of 33 [28%]) on prophylaxis (p = 0.008). The most common organisms isolated were Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis. Children not receiving AFP were found to be 4.7 times (95% confidence interval: 1.44–15.13) more likely to get IFI than the ones receiving AFP. The presence of concurrent bacterial infection increases the risk of IFI (p = 0.04).Conclusion The incidence of IFI was high in high-risk ALL children who were not on AFP. The introduction of routine AFP reduced the incidence of IFI.
Pyrocardan Implant Arthroplasty for Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis of the Thumb: A Comparative Study with a Historical Control Group
Authors: Jørgensen Rasmus Wejnold , Anderson Kiran Annette , Odgaard Anders , Jensen Claus Hjorth 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background New and improved surgical techniques are warranted to treat osteoarthritis of the thumb carpometacarpal joint (CMC-1). The Pyrocardan implant yields striking results but only few series exist, making the evidence scarce.
Purpose The aim of this study was to conduct a prospective series using the Pyrocardan implant.
Methods We compared the outcomes to a matched historical control group of patients operated on with ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition. The hypothesis was that the Pyrocardan implant would yield better patient-reported outcomes as well as the procedure would be safe and effective in relieving symptoms of CMC-1 osteoarthritis. In total, 30 patients were included in the prospective series. These 30 patients were compared, in a 1:3 design, to a matched historical group.
Results Results were promising with visual analogue scale scores of 0.7 (rest) and 2.1 (function), key-pinch score of 5.1 kg, and shortened Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score of 14.3 after 1 year when using the Pyrocardan implant. The revision rate was 10%. We found no evidence of subsidence of the thumb. We found no differences in patient-reported outcomes between the two groups.
Conclusions In conclusion, the Pyrocardan implant is a viable option in the treatment of CMC-1 osteoarthritis but with a significant revision rate. When comparing the Pyrocardan implant to a historical control group, we failed to find any differences in patient-reported outcomes.
Level of Evidence IV – case series.
A morphosyntactic and morphosemantic analysis of the Malay fear lexeme
Authors: Chung Siaw-Fong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
For Malay, when no contextual clues are given, a lexical form can be confusing because sometimes it can have more than one meaning. We postulated that most confusing meanings can be disambiguated through observing their morphosyntactic and morphosemantic structures. We used corpus data and analyzed the possible features of takut ‘fear’ that can help decide which form of takut in Malay to choose. If a default lexical verb meaning is intended (i.e., the original meaning), the feature [Experiencer-(Stimulus)] is needed and the takut
(v) form is used. If a causative meaning is intended, the men-(t)akut-kan form is used. If a passive meaning is intended, there are some possibilities, as the choice could depend on the syntax of the passive form, such as whether the [Experiencer] is a first- or second-person pronoun (e.g., benda itu saya takut-i ‘the thing feared by me’) or other pronouns (e.g., benda itu paling di-takut-i oleh-nya ‘that thing feared most by him/her’) or whether an adversative meaning is intended ([ke- -an] form). We propose that both the morphosyntactic and morphosemantic structures of takut need to be considered to better understand the use of the different meanings of Malay derived and inflected forms.