bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term risk of suture breakage after scleral fixation of late in-the-bag intraocular lens dislocation with a polypropylene 10-0 suture
Authors: Medin Helle , Kure Ingeborg Slørdahl Hjort , Dalby Marius , Drolsum Liv , Kristianslund Olav 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
To investigate the long-term risk of suture breakage after scleral fixation with a polypropylene 10-0 suture in eyes with late in-the-bag intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation.

Setting:
Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Design:
Retrospective case series.

Methods:
Patients operated with scleral suturing of late in-the-bag IOL dislocation from 2007 to 2016. 192 eyes (176 patients) operated with scleral suture (polypropylene 10-0 suture) fixation of a dislocated IOL-capsule complex were identified; 91 patients (47%) were men.

Results:
The mean follow-up after the operation was 6.2 (95% CI, 5.7-6.7) years, and 98 patients (56%) deceased during the study. 11 eyes (6%) (11 patients) had suture breakage that required reoperation with a mean time of 5.5 (3.4-7.6) years after IOL repositioning surgery. These patients had a mean age of 73.5 (67.9-79.2) years at the time of the operation for late in-the-bag IOL dislocation vs 81.3 (79.8-82.9) years for patients who did not experience this complication (P = .004). No cases of late endophthalmitis were registered.

Conclusions:
The long-term risk of suture breakage was quite low after scleral fixation of late in-the-bag IOL dislocation, particularly in the oldest patients. Hence, the polypropylene 10-0 suture seems to be a safe option for scleral fixation in this patient group.
Cutaneous Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Panikkath Deepa Ragesh , Sandhu Vaneet Kaur 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Inflammation driven by immune-mediated mechanisms can lead to a wide variety of skin manifestations. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), for example, is an autoimmune connective tissue disease that may be limited to the skin or be part of the widespread multiorgan involvement seen in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical findings are divided into lupus-specific (acute, subacute, and chronic) and nonspecific skin lesions. The diagnosis of CLE requires a thorough physical examination and, in some cases, skin biopsy and laboratory evaluation for any underlying systemic involvement. CLE treatment is dependent on the cutaneous manifestations and severity of disease. In addition to lifestyle measures, particularly avoidance of sunlight, topical and systemic therapies have proven beneficial. Prognosis is varied by disease severity, although chronic CLE notoriously results in cosmetic damage. Early recognition and management of CLE is important as it may also be the presenting manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Patient care includes education and close collaboration with primary care providers, dermatologists, and rheumatologists.
Translucent Cyst Around the Eyelid
Authors: Hassan Oyindayo M. , Medepalli Vidya M. , Zieman Daniel P. , Ortego Joshua R. , Brodell Robert T. , Nahar Vinayak K. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
A translucent cyst adjacent to the left lateral canthus enlarged slowly over 2 years in a 48-year-old woman. Readers will be challenged to choose the correct diagnosis based on case presentation, history, and symptoms. The differential diagnosis of translucent, cystic lesions on the face requires a careful assessment because both benign and malignant lesions must be considered.
Innovation in Pediatric Clinical Education: The Development of a Clinical Instructor Toolkit
Authors: Birkmeier Marisa , Emmel Lauren A. , Manning Rhonda A. , Nesbit Kathryn C. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction/Literature Review:
Clinical education (CE) experiences are essential components of physical therapist assistant (PTA) and professional physical therapist education requiring qualified clinical instructors (CIs). The 2014 CE Summit recognized the need for CI development. The Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy Academic and Clinical Educators special interest group assembled a task force to address the need for pediatric CI resources. The purposes of this study are to describe the process used to create a pediatric CI Toolkit and describe the results of the task force's work as a mechanism to meet the needs of CIs to facilitate clinical teaching.

Participants:
Pediatric PTAs and physical therapists (PTs) engaged in physical therapy CE were included in the needs assessment survey. The target population of the survey also represented the intended users of the created CI Toolkit.

Method:
A task force composed of individuals with diverse pediatric subspecialties, geographic regions, and roles in CE convened to create the CI Toolkit. The task force completed a literature search and online CE resources search to assist with survey development and with guidance in the development of the CI Toolkit. A needs assessment survey was created and deployed to gather information from pediatric PTAs and PTs. The task force developed the structure of the CI Toolkit and collected resources to populate the online tool.

Results:
An online CI Toolkit was created and contained 160 resources organized into topics, settings, and descriptors. Tools include resources for clinical reasoning, student assignments, general resources, weekly objectives, and CI development. A four-person committee was created to review proposed additions to the CI Toolkit.

Discussion and Conclusion:
The CI Toolkit is a model for accessible CI professional development for clinical teaching and learning. Health professions educators interested in creating resources for clinical educators will benefit from the lessons learned in the creation of the CI Toolkit.
Under and overtreatment with thyroid hormone replacement during pregnancy
Authors: Peng Carol Chiung-Hui , Maraka Spyridoula , Pearce Elizabeth N. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
Among pregnant women on thyroid hormone replacement therapy undertreatment is common, while overtreatment is rare. Both deficient and excessive maternal thyroid hormone have been related to adverse maternofetal and long-term offspring outcomes, although studies’ results are inconsistent. This review aims to discuss recent evidence regarding the effects of under- and overtreatment with thyroid hormone replacement during pregnancy and how current practices could be improved.

Recent findings
Whether or not thyroid hormone therapy needs to be initiated for maternal subclinical hypothyroidism remains unclear, but recent meta-analyses have confirmed associations between adverse maternal, neonatal, and offspring outcomes in both overt and subclinical hypothyroidism. Subclinical hyperthyroidism in pregnancy is related to fewer adverse outcomes. Current adherence to levothyroxine during pregnancy and medication counseling by healthcare providers are suboptimal.

Summary
Undertreatment of maternal hypothyroidism may increase risks for adverse maternofetal and offspring effects more than overtreatment does. If thyroid hormone replacement therapy is indicated and initiated in pregnancy, frequent thyroid function monitoring is required to avoid under- or overtreatment. Effective communication between clinicians and patients is imperative to increase medication adherence.
Efficacy and safety of medical and nutritional management of gastroesophageal reflux in formula-fed infants: a narrative review
Authors: Barbieur Jana , Levy Elvira Ingrid , Vandenplas Yvan 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
The prescription of proton pump inhibitors has an increasing trend, despite that guidelines recommend nutritional management as first-line management. A thickened antiregurgitation formula is recommended in formula-fed infants. In this review we focus on the novel insights in management of formula-fed infants with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Recent findings
New data are limited. Concerning thickened antiregurgitation formula, locust bean gum has been the most studied and has limited adverse effects. However, positive results were also obtained with pectin. The effect of pro- and prebiotics on regurgitation is unclear. The overlap between cow's milk allergy and gastroesophageal reflux remains a challenge.

Summary
Very limited new data were published during the last 18 months. Thickened antiregurgitation formula is the first-line approach in formula-fed infants with GERD. No specific thickening agent can be recommended because of lack of comparative trials. Proton pump inhibitors are over prescribed in infants.
Effects of the complement system on antibody formation and function: implications for transplantation
Authors: Cumpelik Arun , Heeger Peter S. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
In antibody-mediated allograft rejection, donor-reactive antibodies cause transplant injury in part via complement activation. New mechanistic insights indicate complement also modulates development of humoral immune responses. Herein we review recent data that describes how complement affects antibody formation and we discuss therapeutic implications.

Recent findings
Extravasating T cells interacting with integrins express and activate intracellular complement that drives immune-metabolic adaptations vital for CD4+ helper cells. Marginal zone B cells can acquire intact major histocompatibility complexes from dendritic cells via complement-dependent trogocytosis for presentation to T cells. Activated B cells in germinal centers receive co-stimulatory signals from T-helper cells. These germinal center B cells undergo coordinate shifts in surface complement regulator expression that permit complement receptor signaling on the germinal center B cells required for affinity maturation. The positively selected, high-affinity B cells can differentiate into plasma cells that produce donor-HLA-reactive antibodies capable of ligating endothelial, among other, graft cells. Subsequent sublytic complement attack can stimulate endothelial cells to activate CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, promoting cellular and humoral rejection. Newly developed complement inhibitors are being tested to prevent/treat transplant rejection.

Summary
The complement system influences T-cell, B-cell and endothelial-cell activation, and thereby contributes allograft injury. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting complement activation have the potential to prevent or abrogate transplant injury and improve transplant outcomes.
Major heritable renal cell carcinoma syndromes: novel treatment options and future perspectives
Authors: Naidoo Vishen , Perera Marlon , Adam Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
To provide an overview of diagnosis, genetic abnormalities, clinical signs and treatment options for the major heritable renal cell carcinoma (RCC) syndromes.

Recent findings
RCC in major hereditary syndromes are disorders which are typically autosomal dominant. They predispose patients to early onset of RCC and may exhibit other extrarenal manifestations. Early recognition of these diseases allows correct screening at appropriate ages as well as early detection of RCC. Moreover, expedient identification may optimize the management of extra renal manifestations as well as allow for genetic testing and screening of at-risk relatives.

Summary
The risk of RCC in these major heritable syndromes is higher than sporadic disease. They occur at earlier age groups and can be multifocal or bilateral. Tumours are observed until at least 3 cm before any intervention, while nephron sparing surgery is widely considered as the treatment of choice except for hereditary leiomyomatosis with renal cell cancer, of which radical nephrectomy is treatment of choice. Intervention should be timeous as there is a highly reported incidence of early metastasis. Molecular therapies have been used in the setting of patients with metastasis, some of which show favourable outcomes.
Blood Purification for Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Zhang Yaqiong , Lin Jueying , Wu Lijun , Lin Juexin , Liang Yawei 
Published: July 2022

Objectives
The purpose of our study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of blood purification (BP) therapy in hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for articles published.

Results
The analysis included 13 studies with 934 patients (263 in BP group, 671 in control group). There was no difference in efficacy and safety between the BP group and the control group (all P > 0.05). Compared with conventional treatment, BP had shorter hospital stay (mean difference, −4.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], −8.81 to −1.11; P = 0.01) in the case of similar mortality and complications. Meanwhile, insulin treatment showed similar mortality to BP, but fewer local complications (odds risk, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.13–4.20; P = 0.02) and shorter hospital stay (mean difference, 5.46; 95% CI, 0.64–10.29; P = 0.03).

Conclusions
In the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis, BP methods are effective in accelerating triglyceride level reduction and shortening hospital stay but do not affect the efficacy or reduce mortality significantly compared with conventional treatment. Insulin therapy has the same effect as BP but decreases incidence of complications and cost.
The Impact of Generation on Nurse Manager Job Satisfaction
Authors: Keith Angela C. , Warshawsky Nora , Neff Donna , Loerzel Victoria , Parchment Joy , Grandfield Elizabeth 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of generational membership on nurse managers' (NMs') perception of their practice environment and job satisfaction using the Nurse Manager Practice Environment Scale (NMPES).

BACKGROUND
Boomers, Generation Xers, and millennials make up the NM workforce. Each has specific perceptions and expectations for their practice environment and job satisfaction. Little is known about these differences.

METHODS
A secondary analysis of NM survey data was conducted using descriptive statistics and multiple regression to identify the impact of generation on NMs' perception of their practice environment and satisfaction.

RESULTS
Generational membership did not significantly impact NMPES or job satisfaction scores, but the practice environment was a strong predictor of these outcomes.

CONCLUSION
Generational membership did not impact NMs' satisfaction for this sample, but the practice environment did. Further research is needed to examine additional factors that influence NM satisfaction and retention.
Functional Neurological Disorders
Authors: Mishra Anumeha , Pandey Sanjay 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Functional neurological disorders (FNDs) are common but often misdiagnosed.

Review Summary:
The incidence of FNDs is between 4 and 12 per 100,000, comparable to multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and it is the second most common diagnosis in neurology clinics. Some clues in the history are sudden onset, intermittent time course, variability of manifestation over time, childhood trauma, and history of other somatic symptoms. Anxiety and depression are common, but not necessarily more than in the general population. Although there are no tests currently capable of demonstrating whether symptoms are willfully produced, there may not be a clear categorical difference between voluntary and involuntary symptoms. The prognosis of an FND is linked to early diagnosis and symptom duration, but unfortunately, the majority of the patients are diagnosed after considerable delays.

Conclusions:
A positive diagnosis of FNDs can be made on the basis of history and neurological signs without reliance on psychological stressors. Past sensitizing events and neurobiological abnormalities contribute to the pathogenesis of FNDs. Physical rehabilitation and psychological interventions alone or in combination are helpful in the treatment.
Combined limited internal fixation and multiplanar external fixation for immediate weight bearing of fractures around the foot and ankle
Authors: Sen Milan K. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Treatment of fractures around the foot and ankle can be challenging in patients who are unable to remain non weight bearing on their lower extremity. Traditional implants are not sufficient to resist loads incurred during weight bearing and can also lead to complications related to wound healing and infection. We describe a technique for fracture fixation of the foot and ankle that uses low profile implants to minimize soft tissue insult combined with multiplanar external fixation to allow for immediate weight bearing.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates From Peru, 2018 and 2019
Authors: Jorge-Berrocal Ana , Vargas-Herrera Natalia , Benites Carlos , Salazar-Quispe Fabiola , Mayta-Barrios Maritza , Barrios-Cárdenas Yuli J. , Melano Roberto G. , Yagui Martin ,   Neisseria gonorrhoeae Surveillance Working Group
Published: July 2022

Background
Currently, in Latin America, including Peru, the treatment of gonorrhea is still empiric and information regarding antimicrobial resistance is scarce in some countries because of the limited resources, which can contribute to the rising rates of reported multidrug-resistant gonococcal strains. In that context, it is mandatory to continuously monitor and report antimicrobial resistance in N. gonorrhoeae to update treatment recommendations.

Methods
This descriptive study analyzed genital and anal samples from symptomatic patients who attended 15 sexually transmitted infections health facilities from 8 different regions in Peru during the years 2018 to 2019 within the framework of Sentinel Surveillance. After establishing the presumptive diagnosis, the isolates were sent to the Laboratory of Sexually Transmitted Bacteria of the National Institute of Health of Peru in Lima where the species were confirmed (N = 165) and susceptibility profiles were determined.

Results
Among the 165 isolates, 95.2% corresponded to male patients, between 18 and 22 years of age (40.6%), half reported having a sexual partner and being heterosexual. Clinically, 89.7% manifested the presence of urethral exudate. Microbiology showed 95.2% of the isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin and 9.1% non-susceptible to azithromycin. Reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone and cefixime was observed in 1.2% and 3.6% of the isolates respectively. All strains tested were susceptible to spectinomycin.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that in Peru, fluoroquinolones should not be recommended or used in N. gonorrhoeae infections due to the high percentage of resistant strains. In addition, nationwide access to gonococcal resistance testing, molecular diagnostics and antimicrobial stewardship should be implemented to control the spread of gonococcal antimicrobial resistance.
Test-of-Cure After Treatment of Pharyngeal Gonorrhea in Durham, North Carolina, 2021–2022
Authors: Jenks Jeffrey D. , Hester Lizeth , Ryan Emily , Stancil Candy , Hauser Quinn , Zitta John-Paul , Mortiboy Marissa , Rayner Malkia , Stevens Elizabeth , Carrico Savannah , Jenkins Rodney 
Published: July 2022

Background
In December 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention updated its treatment guidelines for gonococcal infection and, for the first time, recommended universal test-of-cure for all individuals treated for pharyngeal gonorrhea. After the release of these guidelines, data are lacking on rates of return for the test-of-cure, particularly in populations other than men who have sex with men.

Methods
We analyzed the demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, rate of return for the recommended test-of-cure, and percent positivity for Neisseria gonorrhoeae on repeat pharyngeal specimens at a local public health department in Durham, NC.

Results
Of 101 individuals treated for pharyngeal gonorrhea between March 2021 and April 2022, 54.5% were men, 71.2% Black or African American, and 58.4% between the ages of 20 and 29 years. Most identified as either women who have sex with men (38.6%), men who have sex with men (24.8%), or men who have sex with women (22.8%). Of these individuals, 41 (40.6%) returned for a test-of-cure, with LGBTQ+ individuals more likely to return than men who have sex with women and women who have sex with men. Of those who returned for the test-of-cure, 4.9% of pharyngeal samples were equivocal and 2.4% positive for N. gonorrhoeae by nucleic acid amplification testing, likely reflecting false-positive tests.

Conclusion
Despite recommendations to perform a test-of-cure 7 to 14 days after treatment of pharyngeal gonorrhea, rates of return continue to be low. Alternative strategies should be investigated to increase test-of-cure rates.
Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Among Unstably Housed, Sexually Active Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States, 2018–2019
Authors: Marcus Ruthanne , Tie Yunfeng , Dasgupta Sharoda , Crim Stacy M. , Beer Linda , Williams Samantha P. , Weiser John 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Unstably housed sexually active people with human immunodeficiency virus experience both a high incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and barriers to annual STI screening recommended by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. We used Medical Monitoring Project data to describe STI testing among unstably housed people with human immunodeficiency virus by attendance at Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program–funded facilities.
Sexually Transmitted Infections Diagnosed Among Sexual and Gender Minority Communities During the First 11 Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Midwest and Southern Cities in the United States
Authors: Nyitray Alan G. , Quinn Katherine G. , John Steven A. , Walsh Jennifer L. , Schim van der Loeff Maarten F. , Wu Ruizhe , Eastwood Daniel , McAuliffe Timothy L. 
Published: July 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected sexual health services. Given the burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) on sexual and gender minorities (SGMs), we estimated incidence of self-reported STI diagnoses and factors associated with STI diagnoses among SGMs during the pandemic's first year.

Methods
A cohort of 426 SGM persons, 25 years or older, recruited in Chicago, Milwaukee, Detroit, Minneapolis, and Houston completed 5 online surveys from April 2020 to February 2021. Persons self-reported on each survey all health care provider STI diagnoses. Kaplan-Meier was used to estimate the cumulative risk of STI diagnoses, stratified by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status. Factors associated with STI diagnoses were assessed with a longitudinal negative binomial regression.

Results
Median age was 37 years, and 27.0% were persons living with HIV (PLH). Participants reported 63 STIs for a cumulative incidence for PLH and HIV-negative persons of 0.19 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13–0.29) and 0.12 (95% CI, 0.09–0.17), respectively. Regardless of HIV, a younger age and changes in health care use were associated with STI diagnoses. Among HIV-negative persons, the rate of STI diagnoses was higher in Houston than the Midwest cities (adjusted relative risk, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.08–5.20). Among PLH, a decrease in health care use was also associated with STI diagnoses (adjusted relative risk, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.01–12.32 vs no change in health care services), as was Hispanic ethnicity and using a dating app to meet a sex partner.

Conclusions
Factors associated with STI diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic generally reflected factors associated with STI incidence before the pandemic like geography, HIV, age, and ethnicity.