bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Timeline of Ca2+/cAMP Signalling: From Basic Research to Potential
Therapeutics for Dementia
Authors: Bergantin Leandro B. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
The hypothesis that a dyshomeostasis of Ca2+ increases the incidence of dementia
has been established. Several discoveries have emphasized the concept that a decrease in the
excess of Ca2+ could be an interesting pharmacological target to alleviate dementia symptoms. Aging
along with a healthy brain can be supported by daily exercise, self-control in caloric ingestion, and participation
in intellectually challenging events. These lifestyle factors may alleviate the excess of Ca2+
resulting from a Ca2+ dyshomeostasis. Curiously, epidemiological and clinical studies have also reported
a clinical relationship between hypertension, diabetes, and other inflammatory processes, and a higher
risk of cognition decline. Considering the cumulative data from the scientific literature, including
data of high evidence such as meta-analysis and systematic reviews, we can now link a Ca2+ dyshomeostasis
as an upstream factor for hypertension, diabetes and other inflammatory processes, and dementia.
Several reports have also indicated that increasing cAMP levels may induce neuroprotective outcomes,
thus alleviating dementia symptoms.

Methods:
With these concepts in mind, we found that the pharmacological manipulation of Ca2+/cAMP
signalling could be a novel plausible target to treat dementia. This article puts together fundamental
concepts and current therapies to treat dementia, including novel therapeutics coming from the pharmacological
manipulation of Ca2+/cAMP signalling.

Results:
Then, combined with improvements in the lifestyle issues, these novel therapeutics may allow
sustained improvements in the life quality of age-related neurological patients.

Conclusions:
In addition, considering coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly evolving
field, this article also reviewed recent reports about Ca2+ channel blockers' role in restoring Ca2+ signalling
disruption due to COVID-19. Finally, this article also presents a timeline of the major events in
Ca2+/cAMP signaling.
Recent Development of Heterocyclic Compounds with Indazole Moiety as
Potential Antiparasitic Agents
Authors: Paul Abhik , Guria Tanmoy , Roy Puspita , Maity Arindam 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Indazole is a vital nitrogen-containing heterocyclic unit in organic and medicinal chemistry research and a helpful precursor molecule for the production of various types of encirclement heterocycles. Indazole analogues are diverse pharmacological agents that can be used to treat a variety of conditions, including cancer, inflammation, infectious diseases, and neurological problems. In fact, the indazole moiety containing inhibitors also showed excellent medicinal properties for the treatment of parasitic diseases. Therefore, the development of new inhibitors has immense promise for usage as key components for the next generation as antiparasitic medication. In this review, we have summarized the recent developments of indazole-containing antiparasitic inhibitors, specially anti-protozoal, anti-fungal, and antiamoebic inhibitors, as well as their structure-activity relationship (SAR) findings for medicinal chemists who are searching for new preclinical parasitic drug candidates.
Recent Advances in Chemodosimeters Designed for Amines
Authors: Unaleroglu Canan , Teknikel Efdal 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
The analysis of amines has long been a very important task in science, industry, and healthcare. To date, this task has been accomplished by using expensive and time-consuming methods. Colorimetric and fluorescent chemodosimeters enable the fast, accurate and sensitive analysis of various species with inexpensive instruments or the naked eye. Accordingly, the studies on these probes have gained great momentum in the last 20 years. In this review, amine chemodosimeters developed in the last 10 years were investigated. The investigated chemodosimeters are metal-free structures based on small organic compounds. The strategies for the detection, differentiation, and quantification of amines were discussed by taking the reaction types into account.
Synthesis and Molecular Docking of New 1,2,3-triazole Carbohydrates with
COVID-19 Proteins
Authors: Hamadi Naoufel Ben , Guesmi Ahlem , Algathami Faisal K. , Khezami Lotfi , Nouira Wided , El-Fattah Wesam Abd 
Published: April 2022

Aims:
With this aim, we have established this paper to recommend a novel way for the preparation of carbohydrates encompassing a 1,2,3-triazole motif that were prepared using an efficient click chemistry synthesis.

Background:
The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus epidemic continues to spread at a fast rate worldwide. The main protease (Mpro) is a gorgeous target for anti-COVID-19 agents. Triazoles are frequently found in many bioactive products such as coronavirus inhibitors.

Objective:
Click reactions are facilitated via the activation of copper nanoparticles, different substrates have been tested using this adopted procedure given in all cases, in high yields and purity. Other interesting comparative docking analyzes will be the focus of this article. Calculations of quantitative structure-activity relationships will be studied.

Method:
Copper nanoparticles were produced by the reaction of cupric acetate monohydrate with oleylamine and oleic acid. To a solution 5-(azidomethyl)-2,2,7,7-tetramethyltetrahydro-5H-bis([1,3]dioxolo)[4,5-b:4',5'-d]pyran 2 (200 mg, 0.72 mmol, 1 eq.) in toluene (15 mL) was added (1.5 eq.) of N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)benzamide derivatives 1a-d, copper nanoparticles (0.57 mg, 0.036 mmol, 0.05 eq.).

Result:
A novel series of 1,2,3-triazole carbohydrate skeletons were modeled and efficiently synthesized. Based on the observations of virtual screening established using molecular docking performed to identify novel compounds that can be able to bind with the protein structures of COVID-19 (PDB ID: 6LU7 and 6W41), we believed that the 1,2,3-triazole carbohydrate derivatives could aid in COVID-19 drug discovery.

Conclusion:
The formations of targeted triazoles were confirmed by different spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and CHN analysis). The docking scores of the newly synthesized triazole are maybe attributed to the presence of hydrogen bonds together with many interactions between the ligands and the active amino acid residue of the receptor. The comparison of the interactions of remdesivir drug and triazole in the largest pocket of 6W41 and 6LU7 is also presented.
Hypoalbuminemia Caused by Malnutrition and Total Joint Arthroplasties:
A Narrative Review
Authors: Bertolucci Leonardo Henrique , de Almeida Samantha Souza , da Silva Yasmin Podlasinski , Freitas Eduarda Correa , Galia Carlos Roberto 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Albumin is the most abundant soluble protein in plasma, and it is a
widely used and low-cost marker for the diagnosis of malnutrition. The serum albumin level
below 35 g/L defines hypoalbuminemia.

Objective:
This review aims to discuss the role of albumin in the body, review hypoalbuminemia
associated with postoperative complications in total joint arthroplasty surgeries, and examine the
impact of nutritional interventions in malnutrition patients submitted to total joint arthroplasty.

Method:
This article is a narrative review of the literature.

Results:
Preoperative hypoalbuminemia has been identified as the only significant predictor for
surgical site infection and delayed wound healing after total joint arthroplasty. The postoperative
complications related to hypoalbuminemia are infection of the surgical site, pneumonia, length of
hospital stay, reintervention, and death. As a result, hypoalbuminemia is also associated with a
higher cost of hospitalization for patients.

Conclusion:
Hypoalbuminemia and malnutrition are causes of postoperative complications of
hip arthroplasty, and the control of these conditions can lead to better results in the postoperative
period.
Role of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) in the Treatment of Neurological
Disorders
Authors: Sharma Sonu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Different formulations of ashwagandha have been utilized for the treatment of neurological disorders. The present manuscript aimed to discuss various roles of Withaniasomnifera, (ashwagandha) in the treatment of neurological disorders. In the literature, several neuro-protective phyto-constituents of shwagandha have been reported, with important pharmacological effects in neurological and brain disorders such as anxiety, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and chizophrenia. Preclinical studies, clinical trials, and patents indicate that Withaniasomnifera has a wide range of potential as a neuroprotective in several neurological disorders. After a complete literature survey, it can be concluded that Withaniasomnifera has significant potential to treat neurological disorders.
Assessment of Radioactivity Concentration in Milk Samples Consumed in
Italy
Authors: Caridi Francesco , Venuti Valentina , Paladini Giuseppe , Belmusto Giovanna , Crupi Vincenza , Majolino Domenico 
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives:
Being highly consumed by the population for nutritional
purposes, the monitoring of radionuclides in milk represents a very important task for the protection
of human health. The present paper reports the results of an investigation aimed at determining
the natural and anthropogenic radioactivity content in milk and assessing the radiological
health risks due to its ingestion.

Methods:
Liquid for infants, Ultra Heat Treated (UHT) sheep, UHT cow, and UHT goat milk
samples, coming from Italian large retailers, were investigated. In particular, a total of twenty
samples, five for each type, were analyzed by using High Purity Germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray
spectrometry, with the ultimate goal of quantifying the specific activity of natural and anthropic
radionuclides (40K and 137Cs, respectively). The evaluation of dose levels due to the milk ingestion
was also performed for six age categories, namely infants, 1-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-17 years old,
and adults (> 17 years old), taking into account the average yearly direct consumption in Italy
and under the a priori hypothesis that this need can be satisfied by a single variety of milk.

Results:
The mean specific activity of 40K varies from (30 ± 4) Bq L-1 to (48 ± 6) Bq L-1; the
lowest value was obtained for the UHT sheep milk, while the highest one for the UHT cow milk,
with investigated Italian large retailers milk samples presenting an activity concentration of (38 ±
5) Bq L-1 on average. The 137Cs specific activity is lower than the minimum detectable activity
(MDA) value for all investigated samples. Regarding the dose levels due to the milk ingestion,
the obtained values remain below the threshold value of 1 mSv y-1 set by the Italian legislation.

Conclusion:
Reported results then show that the radiation dose incurred from the ingestion of the
investigated milk samples poses no significant health effect on the population from a radiological
point of view.
Contamination by Listeria monocytogenes in Latin American Meat
Products and its Consequences
Authors: Evangelista Alberto Gonçalves , Gengnagel Natana 
Published: April 2022

Background and Objective:
Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most important bacteria
in food technology, causing listeriosis, a disease with high mortality rates, especially in developing
countries. Thus, the objective of this review was to gather recent work on the presence
of L. monocytogenes in meat and meat products in Latin America, in addition to pointing out
control methods and resistance genes that can be disseminated.

Methods:
Original research articles in Portuguese, Spanish and English published since 2017
were selected, reporting the presence of L. monocytogenes in meat and meat products in Latin
American countries. Articles were also reviewed on innovative methods for controlling the bacteria
in food, such as intelligent packaging and the use of essential oils, and on resistance genes
found in L. monocytogenes, pointing out the possible implications of this occurrence.

Results and conclusion:
Some negligence was observed in determining the prevalence of this
bacterium in several countries in Latin America. Although studies on L. monocytogenes have
been found in milk and dairy products, demonstrating the existence of the necessary structure
and knowledge for research development, studies on meat and meat products have not been
found in most countries. In control methods developed against L. monocytogenes, the versatility
of the approaches used stands out, enabling their use in different types of meat products, according
to their technological characteristics. Several resistance genes have been determined to be
possibly disseminated by L. monocytogenes, which adds more importance to the establishment of
methods for its control.
Insights into Chronic Lithium Toxicity - A Case Report
Authors: Varghese Giphy Susan , Rajachandran Karthikkeyan , Murugesan Indhupriyadharshini 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Bipolar disorder is a chronic psychological disorder, and lithium remains
the mainstay of therapy. Lithium toxicity can be acute or chronic and the effects may be disabling
or life-threatening. The presence of risk factors can increase the chances of lithium toxicity in a patient
on long-term lithium therapy. We hereby report a case of chronic lithium toxicity in a patient
with a known case of bipolar disorder.

Case Presentation:
A 44-year-old female patient with a known case of bipolar disorder presented
with altered sensorium, seizures, and renal insufficiency. On admission, the patient was severely
dehydrated and the serum lithium level was 3.43 mEq/L. Hemodialysis was performed and she improved
gradually.

Conclusion:
Lithium has constantly proven to be beneficial in lowering suicide rates in bipolar
disorder patients over the years since its approval. However, its use is limited due to the risk of
toxicity. The chances of developing toxicity are higher in patients on long-term lithium therapy.
Patients with high risk factors for toxicity should be monitored frequently as the effects of lithium
toxicity can be fatal.
New Frontier in Antiviral Drugs for Disorders of the Respiratory
System
Authors: Zhang Hai-Long , Li Yong-Xia , Zhou Ai-Feng , Li Yiqian 
Published: April 2022

Background:
COVID-19 is still soaring, and the new delta COVID-19 variant is
on the rise and spreading around the world.

Objective:
We conducted a patent analysis to better understand the therapeutic strategy developed
for antivirals available for the disorders of the respiratory system.

Materials and Method:
European granted patents filed from January 2002 to June 2021
were analyzed. We used a combination of International patent classification (IPC)
“A61p31/12” and “A61p11/00” to search the relevant documents.

Results:
Our study showed R&D of antiviral drugs for disorders of the respiratory system to
be decreasing over the past 20 years. Chemical drugs showed various chemical structures.
The development of chemical drugs or herbal medicines appeared to commence earlier than
the biological products. Also, the results indicated that large global companies play a leading
role in developing kinase inhibitors as chemical drugs.

Conclusion:
There are three strategies for developing antiviral drugs for the disorders of the
respiratory system, including chemical drugs, herbal medicines or natural products, and biological
products. Herbal medicines may provide a new insight and approach to developing
antiviral drugs for disorders of the respiratory system. A combination of chemical drugs and
natural products may be a promising therapeutic method for treating patients with COVID-
19.
In Vitro Florigenesis with Special Reference to Orchids- A Review
Authors: Kaur Saranjeet 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Orchids are widely used in floriculture as attractive cut flowers all
over the world. The current paper reviews factors affecting the in vitro flowering in orchid
species.

Method:
The phenomenon of in vitro flowering is advantageous as it shortens the breeding
cycle, which is prolonged in the in vivo grown orchid species of commercial value.
Certain genetic and biochemical mechanisms are involved at the time of onset of flowering
in orchid plants. In the present endeavour, efforts have been made to initiate in vitro flowering
in terrestrial and epiphytic orchid species. Various phenomenon involved during transition
of vegetative shoot apex into floral axis is also reviewed.

Results:
In vitro flowering was induced in Dendrobium nobile and Zeuxine strateumatica
in Mitra medium supplemented with BAP at 0.5 in mgl-1.

Conclusion:
In vitro flowering can be initiated by manipulating physical and chemical
stimulus in the nutrient regime. The study would be helpful in better understanding the
complex process of flowering in vitro as well as ex vitro.
A Comprehensive Review on Nanotechnological Approaches for Enhanced Delivery of Nutraceuticals in the Management of Osteoporosis
Authors: Kumar Bhumika , Singh Nisha , Dey Shatabdi , Sahoo Pravat Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:Osteoporosis is a chronic, progressive bone condition that is most prevalent in postmen-opausal women and the elderly population. An imbalance in the natural bone remodeling process, which is involved in the formation of bone and resorption, is responsible for osteoporosis, leading to bone fragility. It shows no clinical manifestation until a fracture takes place. Osteoporosis is a glob-al epidemic that reduces the quality of life, increases the chances of disabilities, and adds on a huge financial load. Early diagnosis and treatment can help in preventing the disease. Several drug regi-mens are used in treating the condition; however, the drugs are accompanied by several adverse ef-fects. Nutraceuticals, like herbs, minerals, vitamins, and dairy products, support skeletal strength and integrity. Therefore, the use of different types of nutraceuticals can improve overall bone strength and provide improved treatment of osteoporosis. The review paper focuses on providing in-depth knowledge about the various nutraceuticals that are used in the management of osteoporosis along with the novel nanotechnology-based delivery approaches for enhanced delivery of nutraceu-ticals as the advent of nanotechnology in pharmaceuticals have opened new avenues in the chal-lenging arena of nutraceuticals for providing benefits like stability, higher efficiency, solubility, en-hanced bioavailability, permeability, and production without additives.
The Prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder and Anxiety
Disorder among Iranian Adolescents and their Association with
Video Gaming and Internet Use
Authors: Heidari Fariba , Norouzi Sanaz , Kazemi-Shishvan Maryam Alsadat , Rezaei Hamid 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Depression and anxiety are among the most common
psychological disorders in adolescents. Studies have suggested a positive correlation
between mental health problems and using the internet.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the burden of anxiety and major depressive
disorder (MDD) and their association with internet use and video gaming in
adolescents.

Methods:
This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents
aged 13 to 18 years referred to the 33-Laleh health center at West Tabriz from March
to September 2019. The short form Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-SF) and Screen
for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) scales were used. The data for
demographic characteristics and the number of hours of internet use and video
gaming per day were collected. The logistic regression test was applied.

Result:
In this study, 150 adolescents were included with a male to female ratio of
1:1. Anxiety and mild, moderate, and severe depressive disorder were detected in 39
(26%), 16 (10.7%), 20 (13.3%), and 6 (4.0%) cases by screening tools, respectively.
The mean age (SD) of participants was 14.8 (1.54) years. The mean duration (SD) of
internet use and video gaming per day was 2.10 (±2.6) and 1.15 (± 1.7) hours,
respectively. The odds of severe depressive symptoms increased by 42% per hour of
video gaming (p=0.003) and 31% per hour of internet use (p=0.016).

Conclusions:
Considering the significant positive association between depressive
symptoms and video gaming and internet use, there is a necessity to call for actions to
plan and implement psychological screening and subsequent supporting and
treatment policies for those in need.
An In silico Study of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Derivatives with Homology
Modelled F1F0 ATP Synthase Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Authors: Jain Surabhi , Sharma Smriti , Sen Dhrubo Jyoti 
Published: April 2022

Aim:
To ascertain the binding manner and drug-likeliness profile of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives as antitubercular agents on ATP synthase protein.

Background:
: Field-based 3D-QSAR, Homology modelling, Molecular Docking and ADME-T studies have been carried out to determine the binding mode and drug likeliness profile of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives as anti-tubercular agents.

Objective:
To design new anti-tubercular agents using Field- based 3D-QSAR and molecular docking approach.

Methods:
A statistically significant 3D-QSAR model was generated with the dataset of 30 active agonists on ATP synthase whose pIC50 values range from 4.0 µM to 8.30 µM. The same dataset was analysed for ADME-T properties and docked to the homology modeled ATP synthase protein. Moreover, information from 3D-QSAR contour maps was used in designing of new molecules.

Results:
The constructed 3D-QSAR model had a high correlation coefficient (R2=0.9688) and cross-validation coefficient (Q2=0.9045) and F value (176) at 3 component PLS factor. The homology modeled protein ‘ac9’ was validated with various parameters like Ramachandran plot (92.5 %), ERRAT plot (98.43 %), and ProSA (-1.78 chain ‘C’; -2.74 chain ‘A’). The protein was also examined for physico-chemical properties which showed the acidic and hydrophobic nature of protein. The docking score of dataset compound no. PF19 (-9.97 Kcal/mol) was found to be almost similar with that of Bedaquiline (-10.08 Kcal/mol). Based on previous results from 3D-QSAR and Docking, four new molecules was designed. The newly designed molecules (M1-M4) were docked amongst them M3 (-9.82 Kcal/mol) scored the highest. They were further analysed for drug-likeliness, ADME-T and synthetic assesbility. The findings suggested that these compounds had a strong possibility to become ATP-synthase inhibitors.

Conclusion:
The various Insilico approaches used in the present study offer new avenues for designing novel molecules against ATP synthase from M. tuberculosis and can be employed for the drug discovery programme.