bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-Volume Image-Guided Injections in Achilles and Patellar Tendinopathy in a Young Active Military Population: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Barker-Davies Robert M. , Baker Polly , Watson James , Goodall Duncan , Wheeler Patrick C. , Nicol Alastair M. , Fong Daniel T.P. , Lewis Mark P. , Bennett Alexander N. 
Published: April 2022

Background: Chronic Achilles and patellar tendinopathy are a significant burden in physically active populations. High-volume image-guided injection (HVIGI) proposes to strip away associated neovascularity, disrupt painful nerve ingrowth, and facilitate rehabilitation. Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of HVIGI with and without steroid relative to placebo. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A total of 62 participants were recruited between May 25, 2016, and March 5, 2020. Participants were men aged 18 to 55 years with Achilles or patellar tendinopathy of at least 6-month chronicity that had not improved with nonoperative management (including physical therapy and shockwave therapy), with ultrasound evidence of neovascularization, tendon thickening, and echogenic changes. They were assigned to the following groups: control (3 mL of subcutaneous 0.5% bupivacaine), HVIGI (10 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine and 30 mL of normal saline, ultrasound-guided between tendon and underlying fat pad), or HVIGI with steroid (HVIGIwSteroid; 0.25 mL of 100 mg/mL hydrocortisone). Clinicians and assessors were blinded. All participants were supervised through a pain-guided progressive loading program for 6 months postinjection. The main outcome measures were the Victoria Institute of Sport Assessments (VISA) for Achilles and patellar tendinopathy and the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain at 6 months postinjection. Results: The VISA score improved by a mean of 22.8 points (95% CI, 10.4-35.3 points; effect size [ES], 1.51) in the control group (n = 21), 18.6 points (95% CI, 9.1-28.0 points; ES, 1.31) in the HVIGI group (n = 21), and 18.5 points (95% CI, 3.4-33.6 points; ES, 0.88) in the HVIGIwSteroid group (n = 20). VAS pain improved by a mean of 15 points (interquartile range [IQR], –38.75, 8 points; ES, 0.39) in controls, 13 points (IQR,–34.0, 3.75 points; ES, 0.47) in the HVIGI group, and 27 points (IQR,–38.0, –1.0 points; ES, 0.54) in the HVIGIwSteroid group. The main effects were significant for time ( P < .001) but not group ( P ≥ .48), with no group × time interaction ( P = .71). One participant was lost to follow-up from each group, multiple imputation was used for missing data points. No adverse events occurred. Conclusion: Study findings did not demonstrate superiority of HVIGI over control injection. Registration: EU Clinical Trials Register (EudraCT: 2015-003587-36).
Role of prognostic scores in the evolution of renal involvement in patients with multiple myeloma after bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Murari Patricia , Alves de Brito Germana , Alves Joubert Araujo , Vieira Garles Miller Matias , Baptista Aline Lourenço , Andrade Luis André Silvestre , Imanishe Marina Harume , Pereira Benedito Jorge 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) with chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) commonly results in renal dysfunction associated with early mortality. Prognostic scores for MM are assessed by either Durie and Salmon (DS) or International Staging System (ISS) methods. Few studies have examined the relationship between these scores and renal damage after BMT. Aims: To evaluate DS and ISS prognostic scores as they relate to renal function and mortality in MM patients who have undergone BMT. Methods: Retrospective, observational cohort of 95 MM patients who underwent BMT between 2012 and 2014. Renal function was assessed using data on proteinuria, serum creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate from the time of hospital admission to 6 months post-BMT. Results: Neither score was significantly associated with death or proteinuria, but patients in DS stage IIIB were 12.8 times more likely to experience renal dysfunction than those in DS stage I–II. Both DS and ISS scores reflected a progressive increase in the chance of renal functional impairment with increased disease staging. Conclusions: The prognostic methods studied were useful in the initial recognition of renal dysfunction and after 6 months post BMT, the DS score was still able to predict the reduction of eGFR. Patients in the advanced stages of MM were associated with altered renal function, and these results could help to establish early treatment strategies to reduce the risk of renal damage.
Acute Revascularization Induced Reversed Robin Hood Syndrome
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Khurana Dheeraj , Choudhary Aditya , Ahuja Chirag Kamal 
Published: April 2022

Paradoxical intracranial hemodynamic steal (IHS) is a contradictory reduction of cerebral blood flow volume in the territory of the impaired perfusion area occurring spontaneously or in response to vasodilatory stimuli, which can be recorded and evaluated on transcranial doppler (TCD). IHS followed by early neurological worsening (change in National Institute of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS]> 2) in acute ischemic stroke patients has been described as reversed Robin Hood syndrome (RRHS). We describe two cases of RRHS following carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients with contralateral carotid occlusion and its further management. Two patients with a history of anterior circulation strokes presented with recent complaints of dizziness and a sensation of being pulled back (patient 1), and episodic numbness of upper limbs (patient 2). On CT angiogram, both of the patients had severe extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis on the symptomatic side associated with complete occlusion of the ICA on the contralateral side. In addition, both patients had impaired vasomotor reactivity (VMR) on TCD in the bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA). Therefore, CAS on the symptomatic side was performed in both patients by femoral artery access without any periprocedural and postprocedural complications. However, on day 1 post CAS, complaints of transient upper limb tingling (patient 1) and limb shaking (patient 2) were reported corresponding to the completely occluded ICA, and TCD examinations confirmed RRHS in both patients. Patients were managed by decreasing the dose of antihypertensive medication to augment the blood pressure for 2 weeks. Normalization of the VMR on TCD was seen on follow-up, and both patients remain asymptomatic.
Extracellular vesicle proteomic analysis leads to the discovery of HDGF as a new factor in multiple myeloma biology
Authors: Hoelzinger Dominique B. , Quinton Sophia J. , Walters Denise K. , Vardam-Kaur Trupti , Tschumper Renee C. , Borges da Silva Henrique , Jelinek Diane F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIdentifying factors secreted by multiple myeloma (MM) cells that may contribute to MM tumor biology and progression is of the utmost importance. In this study, hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) was identified as a protein present in extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from human MM cell lines (HMCLs). Investigation of the role of HDGF in MM cell biology revealed lower proliferation of HMCLs following HDGF knockdown and AKT phosphorylation following the addition of exogenous HDGF. Metabolic analysis demonstrated that HDGF enhances the already high glycolytic levels of HMCLs and significantly lowers mitochondrial respiration, indicating that HDGF may play a role in myeloma cell survival and/or act in a paracrine manner on cells in the bone marrow (BM) tumor microenvironment (ME). Indeed, HDGF polarizes macrophages to an M1-like phenotype and phenotypically alters naïve CD14+ monocytes to resemble myeloid-derived suppressor cells which are functionally suppressive. In summary, HDGF is a novel factor in MM biology and may function to both maintain MM cell viability as well as modify the tumor ME.
Zinc supplementation modifies brain tissue transcriptome of Apis mellifera honeybees
Authors: Camilli Marcelo Polizel , Kadri Samir Moura , Alvarez Marcus Vinícius Niz , Ribolla Paulo Eduardo Martins , Orsi Ricardo Oliveira 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundBees are the most important group of pollinators worldwide and their populations are declining. In natural conditions,Apis melliferadepends exclusively on food from the field to meet its physiological demands. In the period of scarcity, available resources are insufficient and artificial supplementation becomes essential for maintaining the levels of vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates, and minerals of colonies. Among these minerals, zinc is essential in all living systems, particularly for the regulation of cell division and protein synthesis, and is a component of more than 200 metalloenzymes.ResultsThe total RNA extracted from the brain tissue of nurse bees exposed to different sources and concentrations of zinc was sequenced. A total of 1,172 genes in the treatment that received an inorganic source of zinc and 502 genes that received an organic source of zinc were found to be differentially expressed among the control group. Gene ontology enrichment showed that zinc can modulate important biological processes such as nutrient metabolism and the molting process.ConclusionsOur results indicate that zinc supplementation modulates the expression of many differentially expressed genes and plays an important role in the development ofApismellifera bees. All the information obtained in this study can contribute to future research in the field of bee nutrigenomics.
The validity, reliability and feasibility of four instruments for assessing the consciousness of stroke patients in a neurological intensive care unit compared
Authors: Yan Xiaoxiang , Xiao Lingjun , Liao Meixin , Huang Jiajian , He Zhijie , Yan Tiebin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Early rehabilitation is the foundation for recovery for those admitted to an intensive care unit. Appropriate assessment of consciousness is needed before any rehabilitative intervention begins.

Methods
This prospective study compared the validity, reliability and applicability of the sedation-agitation scale, the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale, the motor activity assessment scale and the Glasgow Coma Scale in a working neurological intensive care unit. Eighty-three stroke patients were assessed with the four scales by the same 3 raters acting independently: a senior physician, a senior therapist and a trainee. That generated 996 assessment records for comparison.

Results
Good agreement (r=0.98–0.99) was found among the sedation-agitation scale, the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale, the motor activity assessment scale scores, but the Glasgow Coma Scale ratings correlated less well (r=0.72–0.76) with the others. Consistent results were also found among the three raters. After stratification of the ratings by age, gender, level of consciousness and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score, the scales reported significant differences among the levels of consciousness and among those with different Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation results, but not with different age or gender strata.

Conclusions
The four instruments tested are all reliable enough and feasible for use as a tool for consciousness screening in a neurological intensive care unit.
Association between platelet, white blood cell count, platelet to white blood cell ratio and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults: focus on Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program
Authors: Gholizade Mohamad , Farhadi Akram , Marzban Maryam , Mahmudpour Mehdi , Nabipour Iraj , Kalantarhormozi Mohammadreza , Shafiee Gita , Ostovar Afshin , Larijani Bagher , Darabi Amir Hossein , Safavi Eisa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related skeletal muscle disorder associated with harmful impacts on health. The present study aimed to investigate the relation between sarcopenia, platelet (PLT), white blood cell (WBC), and PLT to WBC ratio (PWR) due to the importance of early sarcopenia diagnosis.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the second stage of the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) Program. Sarcopenia was defined based on the revised edition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) in accordance with the Iranian cut-off point. Univariate and adjusted multivariate logistic regression and linear regression were used to evaluate the associations.

Results
The prevalence of sarcopenia among participants was 35.73%. PLT count and PWR were statistically higher in severe sarcopenic participants, while no differences were seen in WBC. In crude analysis, sarcopenia was not associated with quartiles of PLT, WBC, and PWR, while after adjusting for age, marital status, and sex, the association was seen in the fourth quartile of PLT and PWR [OR (95%CI) = 1.40 (1.08 to 1.81), p-value = 0.009 for PLT; OR (95%CI) =1.55 (1.20 to 2.00), p-value =0.001 for PWR]. This association remained significant in the fully adjusted model [OR (95%CI) =1.82 (1.20 to 2.78), p-value =0.005 for PLT; OR (95%CI) =1.57 (1.03 to 2.40), p-value =0.035 for PWR]. Among sarcopenia parameters, PLT count was more likely to be associated with handgrip strength and muscle mass. After stratifying the participants by gender, sarcopenia parameters were no longer statistically significant in men.

Conclusion
This study showed that PLT and PWR were associated with sarcopenia after considering confounding factors, while this association was not seen in WBC. Moreover, results showed that gender had an important impact on sarcopenia parameters.
Effect of advance care planning video on do-not-hospitalize orders for nursing home residents with advanced illness
Authors: McCreedy Ellen M. , Yang Xiaofei , Mitchell Susan L. , Gutman Roee , Teno Joan , Loomer Lacey , Moyo Patience , Volandes Angelo , Gozalo Pedro L. , Belanger Emmanuelle , Ogarek Jessica , Mor Vincent 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of an Advance Care Planning (ACP) Video Program on documented Do-Not-Hospitalize (DNH) orders among nursing home (NH) residents with advanced illness.

Methods
Secondary analysis on a subset of NHs enrolled in a cluster-randomized controlled trial (41 NHs in treatment arm implemented the ACP Video Program: 69 NHs in control arm employed usual ACP practices). Participants included long (> 100 days) and short (≤ 100 days) stay residents with advanced illness (advanced dementia or cardiopulmonary disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or congestive heart failure)) in NHs from March 1, 2016 to May 31, 2018 without a documented Do-Not-Hospitalize (DNH) order at baseline. Logistic regression with covariate adjustments was used to estimate the impact of the resident being in a treatment versus control NH on: the proportion of residents with new DNH orders during follow-up; and the proportion of residents with any hospitalization during follow-up. Clustering at the facility-level was addressed using hierarchical models.

Results
The cohort included 6,117 residents with advanced illness (mean age (SD) = 82.8 (8.4) years, 65% female). Among long-stay residents (n = 3,902), 9.3% (SE, 2.2; 95% CI 5.0–13.6) and 4.2% (SE, 1.1; 95% CI 2.1–6.3) acquired a new DNH order in the treatment and control arms, respectively (average marginal effect, (AME) 5.0; SE, 2.4; 95% CI, 0.3–9.8). Among short-stay residents with advanced illness (n = 2,215), 8.0% (SE, 1.6; 95% CI 4.6–11.3) and 3.5% (SE 1.0; 95% CI 1.5–5.5) acquired a new DNH order in the treatment and control arms, respectively (AME 4.4; SE, 2.0; 95% CI, 0.5–8.3). Proportion of residents with any hospitalizations did not differ between arms in either cohort.

Conclusions
Compared to usual care, an ACP Video Program intervention increased documented DNH orders among NH residents with advanced disease but did not significantly reduce hospitalizations.

Trial registration.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02612688.
Prescribing trends of proton pump inhibitors, antipsychotics and benzodiazepines of medicare part d providers
Authors: Toth Jennifer M. , Jadhav Saumil , Holmes Holly M. , Sharma Manvi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Proton pump inhibitors, benzodiazepines, and antipsychotics are considered potentially inappropriate medications in older adults according to the American Geriatric Society Beers Criteria, and deprescribing algorithms have been developed to guide use of these drug classes. The objective of this study was to describe the number of beneficiaries prescribed these medications, provider specialty and regional trends in prescribing, and the aggregate costs for these claims in Medicare Part D.

Methods
This was a retrospective cross-sectional study using publicly available Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data: Part D Prescriber data for years 2013–2019. Descriptive statistics and the Cochrane-Armitage test were used to summarize the trends.

Results
Overall, 30.1%, 25.6%, 4.6% of Medicare Part D beneficiaries had a proton pump inhibitor, benzodiazepine, and antipsychotic claim in 2013, respectively. These rates decreased to 27.5%, 17.5%, 4.1% in 2019 (p-value < 0.0001). However, the number of standardized 30-day claims increased from 63 million in 2013 to 84 million in 2019 for proton pump inhibitors, remained steady for benzodiazepines and slightly increased (10 million to 13 million) for antipsychotics. Total aggregate costs decreased by almost $1.5 billion for proton pump inhibitor, $100 million for benzodiazepine, and $700 million for antipsychotic from 2013 to 2019 (p-value < 0.0001). Almost 93% of gastroenterologists prescribed a proton pump inhibitor, and 60% of psychiatrists prescribed benzodiazepines and antipsychotics all seven years. The Other region had the highest percentage of providers prescribing all three classes and the highest number of standardized 30-day benzodiazepine claims.

Conclusions
The overall rate of use of proton pump inhibitors, benzodiazepines, and antipsychotics decreased from 2013–2019 among Medicare Part D beneficiaries. Despite the increase in raw number of standardized 30-day claims, the costs decreased which is likely due to generics made available. These prescribing trends may aid in identifying and targeting potential deprescribing interventions.
The impact of having foreign domestic workers on informal caregivers of persons with dementia – findings from a multi-method research in Singapore
Authors: Yuan Qi , Zhang Yunjue , Samari Ellaisha , Jeyagurunathan Anitha , Tan Gregory Tee Hng , Devi Fiona , Wang Peizhi , Magadi Harish , Goveas Richard , Ng Li Ling , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Informal caregivers of persons with dementia (PWDs) sometimes engage foreign domestic workers (FDWs) to support their caregiving journey. However, there has not been much research to establish if this is really beneficial. The current study aims to investigate whether engaging FDWs specifically for caregiving of PWDs truly moderates caregiver stress and to explore caregivers’ experiences of engaging FDWs.

Methods
A multi-method study design with a quantitative and qualitative sub-study was adopted. For the quantitative sub-study, 282 informal caregivers of PWDs were recruited. Propensity score matching analysis was used. For the qualitative sub-study, 15 informal caregivers with FDWs were interviewed. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted.

Results
The quantitative sub-study confirmed that engaging FDWs did moderate the depressive symptoms of informal dementia caregivers (marginal effect = -3.35, p = 0.0497). However, such support did not affect their caregiving burden, self-efficacy, and perceived positive aspects of caregiving. The qualitative sub-study suggested that engaging FDWs is an ambivalent experience, which entails both support and challenges.

Conclusions
The current study confirmed previous research findings, that engaging FDWs moderated depressive symptoms among caregivers of PWDs, and it could be through their physical support such as in daily caregiving activities. Policy-makers may consider providing more subsidies to caregivers caring for PWDs with mobility issues to hire FDWs. They may also consider providing training to FDWs on dementia caregiving skills and improving the intake of such training as this might be helpful for both FDWs and caregivers during this journey.
Resilience and coping strategies of older adults in Hong Kong during COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study
Authors: Chan Siu-Ming , Chung Gary Ka-Ki , Chan Yat-Hang , Chung Roger Yat-Nork , Wong Hung , Yeoh Eng Kiong , Woo Jean 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite the adverse physical health impact of COVID-19 on older adults, whether they are psychosocially vulnerable under the pandemic remains debatable. In this mixed methods study, we examined the psychosocial vulnerability of older adults relative to their younger counterparts and explored how they coped with the pandemic.

Methods
From September to October 2020, 1067 adults in Hong Kong were randomly sampled and completed a telephone survey, whereas 10 older adults were recruited for individual interviews between September 2020 and April 2021. Quantitative measurements included subjective well-being, worries about COVID-19, and changes in social capital and social interaction since the pandemic. The transcribed qualitative data were closely read and summarized using thematic analyses.

Results
Compared with younger adults, older adults tended to be less worried about COVID-19 infection and economic activity/livelihood, despite being slightly more worried about supplies of personal protective equipment. They also had better subjective well-being in terms of happiness and life satisfaction, with their social capital and social interaction less affected. In addition, five themes emerged from the qualitative interviews: (1) life philosophy; (2) economic security; (3) telecommunication; (4) role of community organizations and social workers; and (5) positive coping strategies.

Conclusions
Older adults in this study showed better psychosocial well-being than their younger counterparts under the COVID-19 pandemic, which challenged the deeply rooted societal stereotype about the vulnerability of older adults. The stronger resilience for positive coping, technological assistance, and targeted government and community support may have protected older adults from distress during the pandemic.