bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Word recognition memory and serum levels of Borna disease virus specific circulating immune complexes in obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Alwin Prem Anand A , Bode Liv , Ludwig Hanns , Emrich Hinderk M. , Dietrich Detlef E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundBorna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) is a non-segmented, negative-strand RNA virus that persistently infects mammals including humans. BoDV-1 worldwide occurring strains display highly conserved genomes with overlapping genetic signatures between those of either human or animal origin. BoDV-1 infection may cause behavioral and cognitive disturbances in animals but has also been found in human major depression and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the impact of BoDV-1 on memory functions in OCD is unknown.MethodTo evaluate the cognitive impact of BoDV-1 in OCD, event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded in a continuous word recognition paradigm in OCD patients (n = 16) and in healthy controls (n = 12). According to the presence of BoDV-1-specific circulating immune complexes (CIC), they were divided into two groups, namely group H (high) and L (low),n = 8 each. Typically, ERPs to repeated items are characterized by more positive waveforms beginning approximately 250 ms post-stimulus. This “old/new effect” has been shown to be relevant for memory processing. The early old/new effect (ca. 300–500 ms) with a frontal distribution is proposed to be a neural correlate of familiarity-based recognition. The late old/new effect (post-500 ms) is supposed to reflect memory recollection processes.ResultsOCD patients were reported to show a normal early old/new effect and a reduced late old/new effect compared to normal controls. In our study, OCD patients with a high virus load (group H) displayed exactly these effects, while patients with a low virus load (group L) did not differ from healthy controls.ConclusionThese results confirmed that OCD patients had impaired memory recollection processes compared to the normal controls which may to some extent be related to their BoDV-1 infection.
Fear of stigma from health professionals and family/neighbours and healthcare avoidance among PLHIV in Morocco: results from the Stigma Index survey Morocco
Authors: Delabre Rosemary M. , Moussa Amal Ben , Villes Virginie , Elkhammas Mohammed , Ouarsas Lahoucine , Castro Rojas Castro Daniela , Karkouri Mehdi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Enacted or anticipated stigma among people living with HIV (PLHIV) can negatively impact healthcare engagement. We identified factors associated with having avoided HIV health services for fear of stigma among PLHIV in Morocco.

Methods
The Stigma Index survey was conducted in Morocco in March-June 2016. Factors associated with avoiding HIV testing and treatment services for fear of stigma by (A) health personnel or family/neighbours and (B) health personnel and family/neighbours compared to people who did not avoid health services for fear of stigma from either of the two sources were assessed using multinomial logistic regression models.

Results
Among 583 respondents, 280 (48.0%) were women and median number of years living with HIV was 5[IQR:2–7]. Half of the respondents reported avoiding health services for fear of stigma by health personnel and/or family/neighbours: (A) n = 228, 39.1% and (B) n = 68, 11.7%. After adjustment on perceived health status, not having had easy access to antiretroviral treatment ((A) aRR [95% CI] = 1.76[1.16; 2.68]; (B) 2.18[1.11; 4.27]), discrimination by PLHIV ((A) 1.87[1.12; 3.13]; (B) 3.35[1.63; 6.88]) and exclusion from social activities ((A) 1.70[1.10; 2.61]; (B) 2.63[1.39; 5.00]) were associated with having avoided health services for fear of stigma by health personnel or/and family/neighbours. Being female (2.85[1.48; 5.47]), not having been referred for an HIV test for suspected symptoms 3.47[1.67; 7.22], having discussed sexual/reproductive health with a health professional (4.56[2.38; 8.71]), and not having the feeling to influence decisions on local projects for PLHIV (3.47[1.37; 7.83], were associated with having avoided health services for fear of stigma by both sources.

Conclusion
Results suggest a cumulative effect of fear of stigma and discrimination among PLHIV in Morocco. PLHIV who have experienced discrimination may seek to avoid similar situations at the expense of their health. These results should inform multi-level interventions and broader advocacy efforts to reduce stigma and discrimination.
Measuring inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake and intent: results from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2021
Authors: Guay Mireille , Maquiling Aubrey , Chen Ruoke , Lavergne Valérie , Baysac Donalyne-Joy , Racine Audrey , Dubé Eve , MacDonald Shannon E. , Gilbert Nicolas L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
By July 2021, Canada had received enough COVID-19 vaccines to fully vaccinate every eligible Canadian. However, despite the availability of vaccines, some eligible individuals remain unvaccinated. Differences in vaccination uptake can be driven by health inequalities which have been exacerbated and amplified by the pandemic. This study aims to assess inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake and intent in adults 18 years or older across Canada by identifying sociodemographic factors associated with non-vaccination and low vaccination intent using data drawn from the June to August 2021 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS).

Methods
The CCHS is an annual cross-sectional and nationally representative survey conducted by Statistics Canada, which collects health-related information. Since September 2020, questions about the COVID-19 pandemic are asked. Adjusted logistic regression models were fitted to examine associations between vaccination uptake or intent and sociodemographic and health related variables. Region, age, gender, level of education, Indigenous status, visible minority status, perceived health status, and having a regular healthcare provider were considered as predictors, among other factors.

Results
The analysis included 9,509 respondents. The proportion of unvaccinated was 11%. Non-vaccination was associated with less than university education (aOR up to 3.5, 95% CI 2.1–6.1), living with children under 12 years old (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.4), not having a regular healthcare provider (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.2), and poor self-perceived health (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3–2.4).
Only 5% of the population had low intention to get vaccinated. Being unlikely to get vaccinated was associated with the Prairies region (aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.2–4.1), younger age groups (aOR up to 4.0, 95% CI 1.3–12.3), less than university education (aOR up to 3.8, 95% CI 1.9–7.6), not being part of a visible minority group (aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.4–6.4), living with children under 12 years old (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–2.9), unattached individuals (aOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1–6.1), and poor self-perceived health (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.3–2.9).

Conclusions
Disparities were observed in vaccination uptake and intent among various sociodemographic groups. Awareness of inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake and intent is needed to determine the vaccination barriers to address in vaccination promotion strategies.
Hip reconstruction using a customized intercalary prosthesis with the rhino horn-designed uncemented stem for ultrashort proximal femur segments following tumor resection: a combined biomechanical and clinical study
Authors: Hu Xin , Lu Minxun , He Xuanhong , Li Longqing , Lin Jingqi , Zhou Yong , Luo Yi , Min Li , Tu Chongqi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Hip-preserved reconstruction for patients with ultrashort proximal femur segments following extensive femoral diaphyseal tumor resection is a formidable undertaking. A customized intercalary prosthesis with a rhino horn-designed uncemented stem was developed for the reconstruction of these extensive skeletal defects.

Methods
This study was designed to analyze and compare the differences in the biomechanical behavior between the normal femur and the femur with diaphyseal defects reconstructed by an intercalary prosthesis with different stems. The biomechanical behavior under physiological loading conditions is analyzed using the healthy femur as the reference. Five three-dimensional finite element models (healthy, customized intercalary prosthesis with four different stems implemented, respectively) were developed, together with a clinical follow-up of 12 patients who underwent intercalary femoral replacement.

Results
The biomechanical results showed that normal-like stress and displacement distribution patterns were observed in the remaining proximal femur segments after reconstructions with the rhino horn-designed uncemented stems, compared with the straight stem. Stem A showed better biomechanical performance, whereas the fixation system with Stem B was relatively unstable. The clinical results were consistent with the FEA results. After a mean follow-up period of 32.33 ± 9.12 months, osteointegration and satisfactory clinical outcomes were observed in all patients. Aseptic loosening (asymptomatic) occurred in one patient reconstructed by Stem B; there were no other postoperative complications in the remaining 11 patients.

Conclusion
The rhino horn-designed uncemented stem is outstanding in precise shape matching and osseointegration. This novel prosthesis design may be beneficial in decreasing the risk of mechanical failure and aseptic loosening, especially when Stem A is used. Therefore, the customized intercalary prosthesis with this rhino horn-designed uncemented stem might be a reasonable alternative for the reconstruction of SSPF following extensive tumor resection.
Infant sleep as a topic in healthcare guidance of parents, prenatally and the first 6 months after birth: a scoping review
Authors: Landsem Inger Pauline , Cheetham Nina Bøhle 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis scoping review focuses on infant sleep-related factors and themes that are relevant when health practitioners provide preventive health services to expectant and new parents.MethodsA systematic literature search in CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycINFO, published in 2010 or later, identified 1661 records. The search was further narrowed to focus on sleep in healthy term-born infants until the second half of the first year of life. A blinded review by both authors covered 136 papers, of which 43 papers were reviewed in the full text. Finally, 38 articles were included in the data extraction.ResultsThe analysis process showed that the selected studies formed three main information categories: 11 studies thematised safe infant sleep issues, 10 studies described design and findings from sleep-related intervention studies, and 17 studies focused on different parent-child interactive aspects that may influence the quality and duration of infant sleep in the first six months of life.The main finding is that knowledge about early infant sleep is very complex, and includes both child, parent, and environmental factors. Several studies have shown that the concepts and factors related to safe infant sleep also influence the development of healthy infant sleep patterns. Thus, these aspects are interwoven with each other and should be addressed together in communication with parents.ConclusionsHealth practitioners with different professional backgrounds need to search for an agreement on when and how different aspects of sleep-related knowledge should be communicated to new and expectant parents to enable the design of national follow-up programs. Parents want coherent and personalized services regarding infant sleep issues that may allow them to choose sleeping arrangements, routines, and behaviors that fit in with their sociocultural attitudes and traditions. Many different sources and formats may be used to empower parents regarding infant sleep issues. Studies have described the use of group or individual meetings, videos, and written materials. The key issue is the importance of consistent and seamless knowledge-based services.
Sex-specific patterns and lifetime risk of multimorbidity in the general population: a 23-year prospective cohort study
Authors: Velek Premysl , Luik Annemarie I. , Brusselle Guy G. O. , Stricker Bruno Ch. , Bindels Patrick J. E. , Kavousi Maryam , Kieboom Brenda C. T. , Voortman Trudy , Ruiter Rikje , Ikram M. Arfan , Ikram M. Kamran , de Schepper Evelien I. T. , Licher Silvan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultimorbidity poses a major challenge for care coordination. However, data on what non-communicable diseases lead to multimorbidity, and whether the lifetime risk differs between men and women are lacking. We determined sex-specific differences in multimorbidity patterns and estimated sex-specific lifetime risk of multimorbidity in the general population.MethodsWe followed 6,094 participants from the Rotterdam Study aged 45 years and older for the occurrence of ten diseases (cancer, coronary heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, diabetes, dementia, asthma, heart failure, parkinsonism). We visualised participants’ trajectories from a single disease to multimorbidity and the most frequent combinations of diseases. We calculated sex-specific lifetime risk of multimorbidity, considering multimorbidity involving only somatic diseases (1) affecting the same organ system, (2) affecting different organ systems, and (3) multimorbidity involving depression.ResultsOver the follow-up period (1993–2016, median years of follow-up 9.2), we observed 6334 disease events. Of the study population, 10.3% had three or more diseases, and 27.9% had two or more diseases. The most frequent pair of co-occurring diseases among men was COPD and cancer (12.5% of participants with multimorbidity), the most frequent pair of diseases among women was depression and dementia (14.9%). The lifetime risk of multimorbidity was similar among men (66.0%, 95% CI: 63.2–68.8%) and women (65.1%, 95% CI: 62.5–67.7%), yet the risk of multimorbidity with depression was higher for women (30.9%, 95% CI: 28.4–33.5%, vs. 17.5%, 95% CI: 15.2–20.1%). The risk of multimorbidity with two diseases affecting the same organ is relatively low for both sexes (4.2% (95% CI: 3.2–5.5%) for men and 4.5% (95% CI: 3.5–5.7%) for women).ConclusionsTwo thirds of people over 45 will develop multimorbidity in their remaining lifetime, with women at nearly double the risk of multimorbidity involving depression than men. These findings call for programmes of integrated care to consider sex-specific differences to ensure men and women are served equally.
External validation of models for predicting risk of colorectal cancer using the China Kadoorie Biobank
Authors: Abhari Roxanna E. , Thomson Blake , Yang Ling , Millwood Iona , Guo Yu , Yang Xiaoming , Lv Jun , Avery Daniel , Pei Pei , Wen Peng , Yu Canqing , Chen Yiping , Chen Junshi , Li Liming , Chen Zhengming , Kartsonaki Christiana 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In China, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality have been steadily increasing over the last decades. Risk models to predict incident CRC have been developed in various populations, but they have not been systematically externally validated in a Chinese population.
This study aimed to assess the performance of risk scores in predicting CRC using the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB), one of the largest and geographically diverse prospective cohort studies in China.

Methods
Nine models were externally validated in 512,415 participants in CKB and included 2976 cases of CRC. Model discrimination was assessed, overall and by sex, age, site, and geographic location, using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Model discrimination of these nine models was compared to a model using age alone. Calibration was assessed for five models, and they were re-calibrated in CKB.

Results
The three models with the highest discrimination (Ma (Cox model) AUC 0.70 [95% CI 0.69–0.71]; Aleksandrova 0.70 [0.69–0.71]; Hong 0.69 [0.67–0.71]) included the variables age, smoking, and alcohol. These models performed significantly better than using a model based on age alone (AUC of 0.65 [95% CI 0.64–0.66]). Model discrimination was generally higher in younger participants, males, urban environments, and for colon cancer. The two models (Guo and Chen) developed in Chinese populations did not perform better than the others. Among the 10% of participants with the highest risk, the three best performing models identified 24–26% of participants that went on to develop CRC.

Conclusions
Several risk models based on easily obtainable demographic and modifiable lifestyle factor have good discrimination in a Chinese population. The three best performing models have a higher discrimination than using a model based on age alone.
Rare syringoid eccrine carcinoma of the upper lip and nasal base treated with resection and subsequent innovative reconstruction using an Abbé flap, turbinate flaps and three-stage forehead flap: a case report
Authors: Dvořák Zdeněk , Pink Richard , Heinz Petr , Michálek Jaroslav , Krsička Petr 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Although syringoma is a common benign tumour of the sudoriferous gland, there is also an extremely rare malignant form known as syringoid eccrine carcinoma (SEC). SEC usually exhibits slow growth with deep invasion and a frequent tendency to relapse. The treatment of choice is radical wide resection, which poses a difficult reconstructive problem, especially when the tumour is located in the centre of the face.

Case presentation
In this case, a 70-year-old man was diagnosed with an SEC at the same location as a benign syringoma of the upper lip and nasal base that had undergone primary excision 7 years prior. Primary radical resection was performed with immediate Abbé flap reconstruction. Nevertheless, histology revealed positive margins, and 3 additional re-excisions were needed to achieve clear margins. Four months after the initial resection, the patient had undergone an innovative reconstruction technique including not only the Abbé flap but also a turbinate flap harvested with functional endonasal surgery and a three-stage forehead flap.

Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a suspect malignant transformation of a benign syringoma after 7 years. In addition, from oncoplastic and reconstructive points of view, the bilateral use of the turbinate flap for reconstructing the intranasal lining of the alar base is unusual, and the use of functional endonasal surgery in nasal reconstruction for reducing the risk of damaging the vascular supply of the flap is innovative.
A catalog of validity indices for step counting wearable technologies during treadmill walking: the CADENCE-adults study
Authors: Mora-Gonzalez Jose , Gould Zachary R. , Moore Christopher C. , Aguiar Elroy J. , Ducharme Scott W. , Schuna John M. , Barreira Tiago V. , Staudenmayer John , McAvoy Cayla R. , Boikova Mariya , Miller Taavy A. , Tudor-Locke Catrine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Standardized validation indices (i.e., accuracy, bias, and precision) provide a comprehensive comparison of step counting wearable technologies.

Purpose
To expand a previously published child/youth catalog of validity indices to include adults (21–40, 41–60 and 61–85 years of age) assessed across a range of treadmill speeds (slow [0.8–3.2 km/h], normal [4.0–6.4 km/h], fast [7.2–8.0 km/h]) and device wear locations (ankle, thigh, waist, and wrist).

Methods
Two hundred fifty-eight adults (52.5 ± 18.7 years, 49.6% female) participated in this laboratory-based study and performed a series of 5-min treadmill bouts while wearing multiple devices; 21 devices in total were evaluated over the course of this multi-year cross-sectional study (2015–2019). The criterion measure was directly observed steps. Computed validity indices included accuracy (mean absolute percentage error, MAPE), bias (mean percentage error, MPE), and precision (correlation coefficient, r; standard deviation, SD; coefficient of variation, CoV).

Results
Over the range of normal speeds, 15 devices (Actical, waist-worn ActiGraph GT9X, activPAL, Apple Watch Series 1, Fitbit Ionic, Fitbit One, Fitbit Zip, Garmin vivoactive 3, Garmin vivofit 3, waist-worn GENEActiv, NL-1000, PiezoRx, Samsung Gear Fit2, Samsung Gear Fit2 Pro, and StepWatch) performed at < 5% MAPE. The wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X displayed the worst accuracy across normal speeds (MAPE = 52%). On average, accuracy was compromised across slow walking speeds for all wearable technologies (MAPE = 40%) while all performed best across normal speeds (MAPE = 7%). When analyzing the data by wear locations, the ankle and thigh demonstrated the best accuracy (both MAPE = 1%), followed by the waist (3%) and the wrist (15%) across normal speeds. There were significant effects of speed, wear location, and age group on accuracy and bias (both p < 0.001) and precision (p ≤ 0.045).

Conclusions
Standardized validation indices cataloged by speed, wear location, and age group across the adult lifespan facilitate selecting, evaluating, or comparing performance of step counting wearable technologies. Speed, wear location, and age displayed a significant effect on accuracy, bias, and precision. Overall, reduced performance was associated with very slow walking speeds (0.8 to 3.2 km/h). Ankle- and thigh-located devices logged the highest accuracy, while those located at the wrist reported the worst accuracy.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02650258. Registered 24 December 2015.
TSLP promoting B cell proliferation and polarizing follicular helper T cell as a therapeutic target in IgG4-related disease
Authors: Lu Hui , Wu Xunyao , Peng Yu , Sun Ruijie , Nie Yuxue , Li Jingna , Wang Mu , Luo Yaping , Peng Linyi , Fei Yunyun , Zhou Jiaxin , Zhang Wen , Zeng Xiaofeng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
To figure out the functions of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD).

Methods
Plasma TSLP levels were tested by Elisa, and its receptors were detected by flow cytometry. Expressions of TSLP and TSLPR in involved tissues were stained by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Proliferation, apoptosis, and B subsets of TSLP stimulated-B cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. TSLP-stimulated B cells were co-cultured with CD4+ Naïve T cells. Signaling pathway was identified by RNA-sequencing and western blot. Anti-TSLP therapy was adapted in LatY136F knock-in mice (Lat, IgG4-RD mouse model).

Results
Plasma TSLP level was increased in IgG4-RD patients and was positively correlated with serum IgG4 level and responder index (RI). TSLPR was co-localized with CD19+ B cells in the submandibular glands (SMGs) of IgG4-RD. TSLP promoted B cell proliferation, and TSLP-activated B cells polarized CD4+ naive T cells into follicular helper T (Tfh) cells through OX40L. RNA-sequencing identified JAK-STAT signaling pathway in TSLP-activated B cells and it was verified by western blot. Anti-TSLP therapy alleviated the inflammation of lung in Lat mice.

Conclusion
Elevated TSLP in IgG4-RD promoted B cells proliferation and polarized Tfh cells and might be served as a potential therapeutic target.