bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytopathological characteristics for provoked lesions of squamous epithelia of digestive system in animal models
Authors: Shestakova V. G. , Nigmatullina L. I. , Atadzhanov I. B. , Donskov S. A. , Kozlovskaya Yu. V. , Dolgopolov I. S. , Rykov M. Yu. 
Published: March 2022

Purpose of the study. Investigation of morphological characteristics of changes in the epithelium of foregut in experimental animals put under conditions of provoked carcinogenesis.Materials and methods. The method of chronic experiment on animals is applied: 40 female non-linear white rats, which are divided into 4 equal groups (n = 10). The first (I) and second (II) control groups of animals were exposed to mechanical trauma of the oral mucosa with additional application of 0.9 % NaCl solution and 1 % aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution with a frequency of 2 times a week. The third group of animals, i.e. the main group (4-NQO), was subjected to mechanical traumatization of the oral mucosa with additional application of 1 % DMSO aqueous solution containing 0.1 mg/ml of 4 nitroquinoline-N-oxide, with a frequency of 2 times a week. The fourth group of animals was intact. On the 1st, 7th, 10th, 14th day from the beginning of the experiment, and then every 14 days, cytological material was taken from the oral mucosa and stained with Papanicolaou stain. To compare the emerging changes, the histological picture of the organs of the foregut was studied.Results. Animals from the main group (4-NQO) showed a lag in body weight gain over the standard variance in the control (I and II) and intact groups. Atypical cells of indeterminate significance appeared in smears starting from 42 days of the experiment. Starting from the 56th day of the experiment, atypical cells (1–2 in the field of view), described in Bethesda terms as low-grade intraepithelial lesions, were detected in smears obtained from the main group of animals (4-NQO). Parabasal cells of the squamous epithelium with atypical large (more than 3 times compared to the reference) nuclei, anisonucleosis, with variable contours of the nuclear membrane within one cell, coarse chromatin were recognized as diagnostically significant.Conclusion. The severity of morphological changes in foregut epithelium in the direction of the precancerous state is significantly higher in the main group with prolonged exposure to carcinogenic factor, compared with the control and intact groups (р < 0.05). Thus, the effectiveness of modeling the conditions of provocation of carcinogenesis of the epithelium of the upper digestive tube in experimental animals was studied and proved by mechanical traumatization of the oral mucosa with additional application of carcinogen (4-NQO). This model of provocation of carcinogenesis will be used in the next study of neoplastic processes of the female reproductive system.
Correction of thrombohemorrhagic syndrome in patients with widespread soft tissue phlegmon and sepsis
Authors: Tseimakh E. A. , Zinchenko V. Yu. , Lavrinenko O. Yu. , Chernenko V. V. , Kalashnikov A. V. , Shalabod E. A. , M. Tseimakh M. E. 
Published: March 2022

Purpose of the study. Analysis of the effectiveness of cryoprecipitate – antienzymatic with common soft tissue phlegmon and sepsis.Patients and methods. To achieve the intended goal, a study of the results of treatment of 92 patients with a diagnosis of advanced soft tissue phlegmon and sepsis was performed. All patients underwent a comprehensive diagnostic study with an in-depth study of the indicators of the hemostasis system. For a comparative assessment, 2 groups of patients were identified. Group 1 (46 (50 %) patients – the main one) – received cryoprecipitate-antienzymatic therapy as part of complex treatment, group 2 (46 (50 %) patients – comparisons) – received only the generally accepted basic treatment.Results. An in-depth study of the hemostasis system in patients with widespread soft tissue phlegmon and sepsis indicated the development of thrombohemorrhagic syndrome, which was manifested by depletion of both the coagulation and anticoagulation systems of the blood, a drop in AT III, an increase in thrombinemia and fibrinolysis depression. In order to correct thrombohemorrhagic syndrome, a cryoprecipitate-antienzymatic complex was included in the complex treatment of patients with widespread soft tissue phlegmons and sepsis, aimed at unblocking microcirculation in inflammatory foci and parenchymal organs, to improve the penetration of antibacterial drugs and other drugs into these foci, thereby stopping inflammation and preventing the increase of multiple organ failure. The effectiveness of the cryoprecipitate-antienzymatic complex was evaluated based on clinical data of the course of the purulent – inflammatory process and the results of indicators of the hemocoagulation and fibrinolysis system on 8–10 days from the start of therapy.Conclusion. The use of cryoprecipitate-antienzymatic complex, which includes freshly frozen plasma (FFP), heparin, proteinase inhibitors, in patients with widespread soft tissue phlegmon and sepsis effectively eliminates thrombohemorrhagic syndrome, which improves microcirculation in purulent – inflammatory foci and affected parenchymal organs, improving the flow of antibacterial drugs into these foci. At the same time, there is an improvement in the course of the wound process, so the wounds are cleaned faster from necrotic masses and filled with healthy granulation tissue, which makes it possible to perform plastic closure of the wound defect 1.6 times faster. Mortality is reduced by 2.2 times and the number of thrombotic and thromboembolic complications in the structure of deaths is reduced.
Pharmacological support in the perioperative period of implantation of a polypropylene mesh prosthesis (experimental study)
Authors: Lukoyanychev E. E. , Izmajlov S. G. , Leontev A. E. , Mironov A. A. , Nikolskij V. O. , Evsjukov D. A. , Emelyanov V. A. 
Published: March 2022

Purpose of the study. was to improve the technology of prosthetic repair of the anterior abdominal wall patients with hernias by means of pharmacological regulation of the local and systemic inflammatory response and stimulation of reparative regeneration.Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 52 pure line rats in vivarium. All animals have on-lay implantation of a polypropylene mesh imlantant. Group I have no specific pharmacological treatment receive (0.9 % sodium chloride solution); group II – receive solution of xymedon, group III – potassium orotate, group IV – methyluracil.Results. Identified that all investigated drugs of the pyrimidine series (xymedon, potassium orotate, methyluracil) have a significant effect on the local and systemic inflammatory process. The growth of IL 10 and TNF-a are associated with an increase in the area of liquid inclusions. The use of potassium orotate and methyluracil in the postoperative period is inappropriate, as it is associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage and acute paraprosthetic fluid accumulations. Taking xymedon after surgery is associated with an accelerated growth of blood vessels and granulation tissue, a decrease in fluid inclusions, but is associated with an insignificant increase in the risk of tissue hemorrhage.Conclusion. Pharmacological regulation of inflammatory and regenerative processes with xymedon in the perioperative period of prosthetic repair could guide the development of surgical treatment of patients with abdominal hernias, which requires further clinical study.
Chronicle of the Society of Neurologists and Psychiatrists at the Imperial Kazan University dated January 28, 1909
Authors: Darkshevich Liveriy O. , Sholomovich Alexander S. 
Published: March 2022

Presided over by prof. L. O. Darkshevich, with the secretary A. S. Sholomovich. Messrs. current members: prof. V. P. Osipov, I. A. Chuevsky, V. F. Orlovsky, Dr. V. P. Pervushin, V. V. Nikolaev, A. G. Shuler, A. Veselitsky, V. I. Levchatkin, A V. Favorsky, V. N. Osipova, N. A. Donskov; guests; Dr. N. E. Osokin, M. M. Khomyakov, I. I. Troitsky, B. P. Enokhin, Shibkov, S. A. Bolberg, Nikolskaya, Tupitsyn, Trubina and over 50 senior medical students.
Valid. member A. G. Schuler demonstrated a patient with tabic arthropathy; radiographs and photographs are shown.
Pterocarpus angolensis: Botanical, Chemical and Pharmacological Review of an Endangered Medicinal Plant of India
Authors: Chowdhury Shalini Roy , Haldar Srijan , Bhar Ria , Das Sumankalyan , Saha Abinit , Pal Kuntal , Bandyopadhyay Subhendu , Paul Joydeep 
Published: March 2022

Herbal products for primary health care are gaining huge interests of the people and the various healthcare professionals. This is mainly because of the local availability and cost-effectiveness of plant remedies over expensive modern treatments. Pterocarpus angolensis, a deciduous plant belonging to the family of Fabaceae is mainly found in the tropical regions of Africa. This tree is rich in medicinal properties which are immensely used by the locals in Africa for the treatment of ringworm infections, ulcers, urinary schistosomiasis, skin injury, etc. The extracts of P. angolensis are treasured in Africa for their effectiveness against many diseases like gonorrhea, mouth diseases, diarrhea, etc. It is reported to have inhibitory activity against various pathogens like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhimurium because of the high concentration of bioactive compounds like flavonoids, tannins, and other phenolic compounds in the bark and leaves of the tree. Various research papers demonstrated the polar and nonpolar constituents of this plant showing antimicrobial, anti-plasmodial activities against Streptococcus agalactiae, Candida krusei, etc. In India, very few of these plants have been reported to be alive in the Darjeeling district, West Bengal. But, lack of proper documentation or research paper led to negligence related to the importance of this species and it has already been listed in the IUCN Red List of threatened species. The main objective of this review is to spread awareness about the conservation of the plant possessing such remarkable properties. Secondly, to provide an overview of the phytochemical screening of various important medicinal constituents that this plant possesses and this might lead to change in the field of modern medicine.
Aplicación de los conceptos de calidad a la educación médica
Authors: Córdova-Hernández Juan Antonio , Maldonado-Salazar Teresita , Muñoz-Cano Juan Manuel 
Published: March 2022

Introducción. A partir del discurso hegemónico de calidad se legitiman desigualdades en los procesos educativos. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar ese discurso y las alternativas posibles con la inclusión de la dimensión pedagógica. Metodología. Se realizó a partir de la revisión en diversas fuentes de las respuestas de las instituciones educativas, a las necesidades de trabajo en línea a causa de la contingencia por la pandemia de Covid-19 en la primavera de 2020. Resultados. Las universidades optaron por dar continuidad al proceso educativo a través del uso de plataformas, se hicieron manifiestas las graves deficiencias en capacidades, equipos y actitudes para transformar las formas del trabajo tradicional. Conclusiones. Hay poca reflexión pedagógica en el diseño de propuestas de formación impulsadas por las instituciones de educación superior, que siguen centradas en cuestiones disciplinares y técnicas.
Palabras clave. Educación y política; Desastres naturales; E-learning; Educación a distancia; Aprendizaje con base en datos.
Debris Flow Susceptibility Assessment of Leh Valley, Ladakh Based on Concepts of Connectivity, Propagation and Evidence Based Probability.
Authors: Sharma Choudhurimayum Pankaj , Kumar Anil , Chahal Poonam , Shukla Uma Kant , Srivast Pradeep 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Leh Valley which lies within the Trans Himalayan state of Ladakh, India is known to be affected almost annually by debris flows ranging from minor to catastrophic scale events. The effect has been getting magnified due to increased urbanization and rapid growth in tourism industry. Though these flows are triggered by intense and abnormal rainfall events the conditioning factor has always been the topography and sediment availability. A lucid acknowledgement of the terrain condition and the degree of vulnerability of such events is required. For this a detail investigation of sediment availability, topographic conditions and their relation with known events becomes crucial. This study utilizes index of connectivity (IC) model to quantify the sediment source-sink relationship and farther applied Flow-R model to simulate the probable scenario of events through predefined algorithms. We then use the Weights of evidence (WOE) method to compute the statistical probability of debris flow occurrence. This paper demonstrates the application of these three independent techniques and their implementation in a highly rugged terrain of Ladakh which is a region of frequent debris flows onslaught. The IC and Flow-R models are found to be counter supportive and effective in delineating areas which could be affected by flows that will solely originate in upstream areas where high angle channels directly connected to sediment sources are present. WOE based model determines the probability of the rare and extensive flows that results from downward integration of other drainage networks in an open fan area.
Cannabidiol Prescription Requests in NZ: Describing Patients and Indications Seen in a New Zealand Cannabis Clinic
Authors: Gulbransen Graham , Oldfield Karen , Braithwaite Irene , Sinclair Justin , Xu William , Arroll Bruce , Eathorne Allie , Armour Mike 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundIn 2017, revision of the Misuse of Drugs Act in New Zealand (NZ) allowed all medical practitioners to prescribe cannabidiol (CBD), a non-euphoriant constituent of cannabis. More information is needed on its therapeutic potential. This is an audit of all patients prescribed CBD from a single private clinic (Cannabis Care, Henderson, New Zealand) from 7th December 2017 to 3rd June 2020. We describe the patient population seeking CBD prescriptions in routine care in NZ, indications for use and quality of life (QOL) indices.MethodsPatient records were audited by the primary clinician, who had assessed indication for use and QOL indices (EuroQol-5D-5L and EQ-VAS). Indications were coded into four categories: non-cancer pain, emotional distress, neurological symptoms and cancer symptoms. Change in QOL and perceived patient efficacy was described where available. SAS version 9.4 was used. Data descriptions are by mean and standard deviation (SD). Categorical variables were described by counts and proportions expressed as percentages. Paired t-tests were used to compare V1 and V2 VAS scores. ResultsOf 1264 patient records reviewed the mean age was 51 years (SD 20.6), with 55.5% female. Non-cancer pain was the primary indication for use (49.4%). The mean EQ-VAS score at first visit in patients over 16 years (n=924) was 50 (SD 22.3) and 65 (n=384, SD 21.1) at follow up. The mean difference in VAS score in returning patients (n=332) was -11.1 (95% CI -13.2 to -9.0, p<.0001), indicating a positive change in health rating. ConclusionsIn NZ a range of patients are seeking CBD prescriptions, primarily for pain, with a sub-group reporting improved health following use. Further research into the clinical application of these products, especially dosage, precise indications and associated adverse events, is needed.
Association Between Short-term Neurological Outcomes and Extreme Hyperoxia in Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Who Underwent Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Retrospective Observational Study from a Multicenter Registry
Authors: Kashiura Masahiro , Yasuda Hideto , Kishihara Yuki , Tominaga Keiichiro , Nishihara Masaaki , Hiasa Ken-ichi , Tsutsui Hiroyuki , Moriya Takashi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the impact of hyperoxia that developed immediately after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) on patients’ short-term neurological outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed data from the Japanese OHCA registry from June 2014 to December 2017. We analyzed adult patients (≥18 years) who had undergone ECPR. Eligible patients were divided into the following three groups based on their initial partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) levels after ECMO pump-on: normoxia group, PaO2 ≤ 200 mm Hg; moderate hyperoxia group, 200 mm Hg < PaO2 ≤ 400 mm Hg; and extreme hyperoxia group, PaO2 > 400 mm Hg. The primary and secondary outcomes were 30-day favorable neurological outcomes. Logistic regression statistical analysis model of 30-day favorable neurological outcomes was performed after adjusting for multiple propensity scores calculated using pre-ECPR covariates and for confounding factors post-ECPR.Results: Of the 34,754 patients with OHCA enrolled in the registry, 847 were included. The median PaO2 level was 300 mm Hg (interquartile range: 148–427 mm Hg). Among the eligible patients, 277, 313, and 257 were categorized as normoxic, moderately hyperoxic, and extremely hyperoxic, respectively. Moderate hyperoxia was not significantly associated with 30-day neurologically favorable outcomes compared with normoxia as a reference (adjusted odds ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval: 0.55–1.35; p = 0.51). However, extreme hyperoxia was associated with less 30-day neurologically favorable outcomes when compared with normoxia (adjusted odds ratio, 0.48; 95% confidence interval: 0.29–0.82; p = 0.007).Conclusions: For patients with OHCA who received ECPR, extreme hyperoxia (PaO2 > 400 mm Hg) was associated with 30-day poor neurological outcomes. Avoidance of extreme hyperoxia may improve neurological outcomes in patients with OHCA treated with ECPR.
Integrated Inspection Robotic System for Spherical Tanks: Design, Analysis and Application
Authors: Li Jie , Liang Guoan , Zheng Kai , Gui Chao , Tu Chunlei , Wang Xingsong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Automated robot inspection for spherical tank is beneficial to improving work efficiency and reducing costs. This paper presents an inspection robotic system that integrates software and hardware. The designed inspection robot can adsorb and climb on the vertical surface of tanks, carrying some equipment and tools. The mechanical structure of the robot includes four magnetic wheels, two drive components, a vision component and a multi-layer robot frame. Modular magnetic wheels can be installed and replaced quickly and easily. Additional grinding mechanism, cleaning mechanism and detection mechanism are also designed to achieve automated inspection and maintenance. The robotic system software is developed to achieve the remote control and monitoring of the robot. The deep networks of Mask R-CNN are applied to intelligently identify weld seams. Force balance and obstacle-negotiation performance of the robot are analyzed and simulated. Climbing experiments results indicate that the robot can carry 10.1 kg payload and climb stably on the vertical tank wall. In obstacle-surmounting experiments, the robot could smoothly negotiate the weld seam with a height of 4 mm. The robotic system can identify weld seams in real time after training and learning, the identification time of each image is about 0.2-0.25s. The field tests on a 3000 m3 spherical tank were carried out to test the practicality of the robotic system. The application of this inspection robotic system can effectively improve the automated inspection and maintenance of spherical tanks.
Association of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio with Preterm Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Mu Yuju , Wang Hua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
There have been few studies on the relationship between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). We conducted a retrospective case-control study to investigate this relationship in preterm neonates.
Methods
A total of 199 preterm neonates diagnosed with NEC between January 2018 and January 2020 were included in this study. For each preterm infant with NEC that was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), controls were preterm neonates (matched for gestation and year of birth) who were not diagnosed with NEC. Exclusion criteria were post-maturity, small or large for gestational age (week of pregnancy), congenital major anomalies, and cyanotic congenital heart disease. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the association between NLR and preterm NEC.
Results
This study included 93 preterm neonates with NEC and 106 matched controls. There were no significant differences in gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), age, sex, vaginal delivery (VD), chorioamnionitis (CA), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) between groups. Compared with the control group, the lower and higher NLR levels in the NEC group were statistically different. Following univariate analysis, NLR was a risk factor for NEC (odds ratio [OR], 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–1.90; P = 0.042), and according to multivariate analysis, risk factors for NEC were NLR ≥ 3.20 and NLR < 1.60, within 1 week before NEC diagnosis. Thus, NLR values of ≥ 1.60 and < 3.20 were determined as the predictive cutoff values for protecting preterm infants from NEC (Model Ⅰ: OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.10–0.40; P < 0.001) and (Model Ⅱ: OR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.00–0.40; P < 0.001].
Conclusions
NLR ≥ 1.60 and NLR < 3.20 were associated with a decreased risk of NEC in preterm infants.
Research feasibility and ethics in Scottish new-born blood spot archive.
Authors: Porteous David , Cunningham-Burley Sarah , McCartney Daniel , Campbell Archie , Flaig Robin , Orange Clare , Porteous Carol , Aitken Mhairi , Mulholland Ciaran , Davidson Sara , McCafferty Selina , Murphy Lee , Wrobel Nicola , McCafferty Sarah , Wallace Karen , StClair David , Kerr Shona , Hayward Caroline , McIntosh Andrew , Sudlow Cathie , Marioni Riccardo , Pell Jill , Miedzybrodzka Zosia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
New-born heel prick blood spots are routinely used to screen for inborn errors of metabolism and life-limiting inherited disorders1. The Danish Newborn Screening Biobank (DNSB) has shown that nucleic acid, metabolic and protein assays are feasible on archived new-born dried blood spots2. Denmark is currently the only country in the world where nation-level linkage of such secondary data to health records is approved2. In the new era of health data science and predictive medicine, the potential value of secondary data from new-born blood spot archives merits wider ethical consideration and assessment of feasibility for public benefit. Early life exposures and behaviours set health trajectories in childhood and later life. The new-born blood spot is potentially well placed to create an unbiased and cost-effective population-level retrospective birth cohort study. Scotland has retained new-born blood spots, commonly known as Guthrie cards, for all children born since 1965, around 3 million in total. However, a moratorium on research access is currently in place, pending public consultation. We conducted a Citizens’ Jury, with Jurors delivering an agreed verdict that conditional research access to the Guthrie Cards was in the public interest. The Chief Medical Officer for Scotland authorised restricted lifting of the current research moratorium to allow a feasibility study. In support of a wider public consultation, Guthrie cards from consented Generation Scotland volunteers3,4 were retrieved and their potential for both epidemiological and biological research demonstrated.