bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A resting‐state fMRI study of temporal lobe epilepsy using multivariate pattern analysis and Granger causality analysis
Authors: Hao Siyao , Duan Ying , Qi Lei , Li Zhimei , Ren Jiechuan , Nangale Naluyele , Yang Chunlan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeUnderstanding the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is essential for its diagnosis and treatment. The study aimed to explore regional homogeneity (ReHo) and changes in effective connectivity (EC) between brain regions in TLE patients, hoping to discover potential abnormalities in certain brain regions in TLE patients.MethodsResting‐state functional magnetic resonance data were collected from 23 TLE patients and 32 normal controls (NC). ReHo was used as a feature of multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) to explore the ability of its alterations in identifying TLE. Based on the results of the MVPA, certain brain regions were selected as seed points to further explore alterations in EC between brain regions using Granger causality analysis.ResultsMVPA results showed that the classification accuracy for the TLE and NC groups was 87.27%, and the right posterior cerebellum lobe, right lingual gyrus (LING_R), right cuneus (CUN_R), and left superior temporal gyrus (STG_L) provided significant contributions. Moreover, the EC from STG_L to right fusiform gyrus (FFG_R) and LING_R and the EC from CUN_R to the right occipital superior gyrus (SOG_R) and right occipital middle gyrus (MOG_R) were altered compared to the NC group.ConclusionThe MVPA results indicated that ReHo abnormalities in brain regions may be an important feature in the identification of TLE. The enhanced EC from STG_L to FFG_R and LING_R indicates a shift in language processing to the right hemisphere, and the weakened EC from SOG_R and MOG_R to CUN_R may reveal an underlying mechanism of TLE.
Susceptibility source separation from gradient echo data using magnitude decay modeling
Authors: Dimov Alexey V. , Nguyen Thanh D. , Gillen Kelly M. , Marcille Melanie , Spincemaille Pascal , Pitt David , Gauthier Susan A. , Wang Yi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe objective is to demonstrate feasibility of separating magnetic sources in quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) by incorporating magnitude decay rates in gradient echo (GRE) MRI.MethodsMagnetic susceptibility source separation was developed using and compared with a prior method using that required an additional sequence to measure the transverse relaxation rate R2. Both susceptibility separation methods were compared in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (n = 17). Susceptibility values of negative sources estimated with ‐based source separation in a set of enhancing MS lesions (n = 44) were correlated against longitudinal myelin water fraction (MWF) changes.ResultsIn in vivo data, linear regression of the estimated and susceptibility values between the ‐ and the ‐based separation methods performed across 182 segmented lesions revealed correlation coefficient r = .96 and slope close .99. Correlation analysis in enhancing lesions revealed a significant positive association between the increase at 1‐year post‐onset relative to 0 year and the MWF increase at 1 year relative to 0 year (β = ‐0.144, 95% confidence interval: [–0.199, –0.1], p = .0008) and good agreement between and methods (r = .79, slope = .95).ConclusionsSeparation of magnetic sources based solely on GRE complex data is feasible by combining magnitude decay rate modeling and phase‐based QSM and change may serve as a biomarker for myelin recovery or damage in acute MS lesions.
Care coordination for children with medical complexity and caregiver empowerment in the process: A literature review
Authors: Van Orne Julie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeAdvances in health care have led to an increase in infants and children being discharged home with increasingly complex conditions. Children with medical complexity require care from many physicians and specialties to thrive in their home environment. While some care coordination programs are in place, these programs are often dependent upon the child living within the geographic area of a major healthcare system. Additionally, children with medical complexity often need specialized care from providers outside the participating healthcare system, placing the onus of care coordination on the child's family. This literature review aimed to examine care coordination programs for children with medical complexity and what tools have been created to empower the child's family in the process.MethodQualitative and quantitative research studies published from 2015 to 2021 found in Academic Search Complete, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Medline that included a review of a care coordination program for children with medical complexity were included. Nonresearch articles, articles written about adults, or written in languages other than English were excluded. The Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence‐Based Practice grading scale was used to appraise the evidence. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) checklist was utilized to structure this review to deter the risk of bias. A qualitative synthesis was used to analyze and present the results.ConclusionsThere are varying strategies used to facilitate care coordination of children with medical complexity. Effects of care coordination on the child are inconsistent; however, the child's caregiver considers high‐quality care coordination to improve quality of life. There are limited tools available for caregivers of children with medical complexity to coordinate their child's care across healthcare systems. Generalizability is a concern due to the small sample sizes of studies and underrepresentation of non‐English speaking families in the research. Risk of bias is possible due to highly engaged families willing to participate in the selected research studies.Practice ImplicationsThere is an opportunity to develop further and study care coordination tools to empower the caregivers of children with medical complexity.
A novel strategy for improving watermelon resistance to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus by exogenous boron application
Authors: Bi Xinyue , Guo Huiyan , Li Xiaodong , Zheng Lijiao , An Mengnan , Xia Zihao , Wu Yuanhua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe molecular mode controlling cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV)‐induced watermelon blood flesh disease (WBFD) is largely unknown. In this study, we have found that application of exogenous boron suppressed CGMMV infection in watermelon fruit and alleviated WBFD symptoms. Our transcriptome analysis showed that the most up‐regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with polyamine and auxin biosynthesis, abscisic acid catabolism, defence‐related pathways, cell wall modification, and energy and secondary metabolism, while the down‐regulated DEGs were mostly involved in ethylene biosynthesis, cell wall catabolism, and plasma membrane functions. Our virus‐induced gene silencing results showed that silencing of SPDS expression in watermelon resulted in a higher putrescine content and an inhibited CGMMV infection correlating with no WBFD symptoms. SBT and TUBB1 were also required for CGMMV infection. In contrast, silencing of XTH23 and PE/PEI7 (low‐level lignin, cellulose and pectin) and ATPS1 (low‐level glutathione) promoted CGMMV accumulation. Furthermore, RAP2‐3, MYB6, WRKY12, H2A, and DnaJ11 are likely to participate in host antiviral resistance. In addition, a higher (spermidine + spermine):putrescine ratio, malondialdehyde content, and lactic acid content were responsible for fruit decay and acidification. Our results provide new knowledge on the roles of boron in watermelon resistance to CGMMV‐induced WBFD. This new knowledge can be used to design better control methods for CGMMV in the field and to breed CGMMV resistant watermelon and other cucurbit crops.
Candidiasis presenting as pseudocircinate balanitis in a preschooler
Authors: Mehta Hitaishi , Devana Sudheer Kumar , Gupta Smriti , De Dipankar , Mahajan Rahul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCandidal balanitis typically affects sexually active adult males and may present as eroded papules, pustules, whitish discharge or erythema with dry glazed appearance. We report an unusual presentation of this common infection in an uncommon demographic, candidal balanitis presenting as coalescent vesicles and erosions arranged in an arcuate pattern in a pre‐school child.
Markers of obesity in Danish pediatric liver transplantation recipients
Authors: Trier Cæcilie , Schaffalitzky de Muckadell Vibeke , Borgwardt Lise , Rasmussen Allan , Hørby Jørgensen Marianne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundLong‐time survivors of pediatric liver transplantation have an increased incidence of the metabolic syndrome. Adult recipients have an increased risk of post‐transplantation obesity; however, pediatric data are limited.MethodsThe study included 42 recipients of pediatric liver transplantation in Denmark, transplanted between 1990 and 2014. The study participants were examined with anthropometric measures, dual‐energy X‐ray scans and blood samples. From the anthropometric measures, body mass index (BMI) and BMI standard deviation score (SDS) were calculated. From the dual‐energy X‐ray scans, fat percent was assessed, and body fat mass index (BFMI) was calculated.ResultsThe median age was 17.4 years (range 4.1–38.9) at the time of the study, and the median time since transplantation was 8.5 years (range 0.4–23.9). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 31.0% based on BMI SDS (age below 18) and BMI (age 18 and above). When compared to the participants with normal weight, the participants with overweight and obesity had a higher BFMI (9.29 vs 5.57 kg/m2, p < .001) and fat percent (38.35% vs 29.50%, p = .006). They had higher levels of total cholesterol (4.3 vs 3.6 mmol/L, p = .023) and low‐density lipoprotein (2.5 vs 1.7, p = .015), and had had longer time since transplantation (15.6 vs 8.5 years respectively, p = .045).ConclusionsLong‐time survivors of pediatric liver transplantation have a higher BMI or BMI SDS than the general pediatric population. The obesity is characterized by a higher BFMI, fat percent, and cholesterols levels, when compared to recipients without overweight or obesity.
Effects of epididymal sperm recovery methods on fresh and frozen–thawed sperm characteristics in dogs
Authors: Mogheiseh Asghar , Divar Mohammad Reza , Vesal Nasser , Mahdivand Moradloo Fereshteh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe cauda epididymis holds a collectible source of fertile spermatozoa in cases of obstructive azoospermia, sudden death, and after elective or emergency castration. The current study was conducted to compare three different epidydimal sperm collection methods (Percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA), microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) and retrograde epididymal wash (EW)) in the dog. Fifteen large‐breed adult dogs were applied for comparing the PESA (left testicles) with MESA (right testicles) techniques, while five dogs were used for evaluation of MESA (left testicles) versus EW (right testicles). The recovered sperm cells from MESA and EW were subjected to cryopreservation. Total sperm recovery, level of blood contamination and sperm quality markers (viability, morphology, plasma and acrosome membrane integrity, DNA fragmentation, and metabolic activity) were evaluated for fresh and frozen–thawed spermatozoa. We showed that the collection of epididymal sperm cells through the PESA method resulted in lower total sperm recovery and significantly reduced fresh sperm kinematic and quality measures. While, both MESA and EW procedures resulted in a high number of intact epididymal spermatozoa with appropriate cryo‐tolerance potential. In conclusion, EW and MESA methods provide high‐quality epidydimal spermatozoa with high cryopreservation potential in domestic dogs.
Regulating the retirement age—Lessons from Nordic pension policy approaches
Authors: von Nordheim Fritz , Kvist Jon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe likelihood that longevity will continue to increase has generated a search for regulation that make people work longer as they live longer, and thus not just containing pension expenditure but also enlarging labor supply, economic growth, and tax revenue. In public pension policy, Nordic countries have led the world with three types of approaches aimed at making people retire later. The first came when Sweden, followed by Finland and Norway, installed life expectancy coefficients in benefit calculation formulas. The second followed as Finland introduced age‐related accrual rates and the third when Denmark indexed the pensionable age to developments in life expectancy. Since economic incentive‐based regulations failed to raise exit ages sufficiently, Finland and Sweden subsequently linked pensionable ages to life expectancy like Denmark. While this policy brings out inequalities in health and workability, the fact that countries found it necessary to index the pensionable age to longevity instead of just relying on economic incentives in regulating retirement behavior may hold lessons for other countries.
Insurance research in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe: What we can learn from XPRIMM data
Authors: Born Patricia , Bujakowski Douglas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCentral, Eastern, and Southeastern European insurance markets have garnered considerable research attention in recent years. Yet, that research has been constrained by a dearth of insurer‐level data. This paper highlights XPRIMM as a promising source of insurer data and uses this data set to provide an illustrative analysis of insurance prices in Central and Eastern Europe. We also discuss the limitations of XPRIMM data and efforts to overcome these limitations through the creation of a more comprehensive data set.
Carry trades and US monetary policy
Authors: Falconio Andrea 
Published: June 2022

AbstractI document that Federal Reserve expansionary monetary policy has a positive impact on the excess returns arising from currency carry trades. I show that expansive monetary surprises are associated with an increase in future real interest differentials between high interest rate currencies and the US dollar, which leads to higher capital flows toward those currencies and an increase in their returns. Since this increase is not fully compensated by a decrease in the returns from the short position in low interest rate currencies, unexpected monetary expansions in the US result in higher carry trade returns.
Comparison of corneal culture results obtained using theESwab™ and Amies charcoal swab in canine and feline patients
Authors: Large Thomas P. , Mack Sarah , Villiers Elizabeth , Oliver James 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to compare corneal culture results using the ESwab™ and Amies charcoal swab.Animals studiedOne hundred fourteen canine and fifteen feline eyes.ProceduresRetrospective analysis of Dick White Referrals bacterial and fungal corneal culture data was conducted. Results were included from canine and feline patients, which presented with suspected infectious keratitis that had samples taken using an Amies charcoal swab followed by an ESwab™ in the same eye. In respect to positive and negative cultures, a McNemar test was conducted comparing instances of disagreement between swab types, and the Kappa coefficient (κ) was calculated to assess the level of agreement between swab types.ResultsThe ESwab™ produced more positive corneal cultures (71/129 [55.0%]) than the Amies charcoal swab (41/129 [31.8%]). 2/129 eyes produced positive fungal cultures. Considering 37/129 eyes in which both swab types detected a positive corneal culture, the same bacterial species were cultured from each swab type in 34/37 (91.9%) eyes, and an additional bacterial species was cultured by the ESwab™ in 3/37 (8.1%) eyes. In 34/38 (89.5%), instances of disagreement between swab types, the ESwab™ showed a positive culture, and the Amies charcoal swab showed a negative culture from the same eye, and this difference was significant (p < 0.0001). There was a moderate level of agreement between results from both swab types (κ = 0.432).ConclusionsESwab™ sampling alone may be superior to Amies charcoal swabs for detecting presence of bacteria in suspected infectious keratitis in cats and dogs.
Connectivity and synaptic features of hilar mossy cells and their effects on granule cell activity along the hippocampal longitudinal axis
Authors: Abdulmajeed Wahab Imam , Wang Kai‐Yi , Wu Jei‐Wei , Ajibola Musa Iyiola , Cheng Irene Han‐Juo , Lien Cheng‐Chang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe hippocampus is an elongated brain structure which runs along a ventral‐to‐dorsal axis in rodents, corresponding to the anterior‐to‐posterior axis in humans. A glutamatergic cell type in the dentate gyrus (DG), the mossy cells (MCs), establishes extensive excitatory collateral connections with the DG principal cells, the granule cells (GCs), and inhibitory interneurons in both hippocampal hemispheres along the longitudinal axis. Although coupling of two physically separated GC populations via long‐axis projecting MCs is instrumental for information processing, the connectivity and synaptic features of MCs along the longitudinal axis are poorly defined. Here, using channelrhodopsin‐2 assisted circuit mapping, we showed that MC excitation results in a low synaptic excitation–inhibition (E/I) balance in the intralamellar (local) GCs, but a high synaptic E/I balance in the translamellar (distant) ones. In agreement with the differential E/I balance along the ventrodorsal axis, activation of MCs either enhances or suppresses the local GC response to the cortical input, but primarily promotes the distant GC activation. Moreover, activation of MCs enhances the spike timing precision of the local GCs, but not that of the distant ones. Collectively, these findings suggest that MCs differentially regulate the local and distant GC activity through distinct synaptic mechanisms.
imageKey points
Hippocampal mossy cell (MC) pathways differentially regulate granule cell (GC) activity along the longitudinal axis.
MCs mediate a low excitation–inhibition balance in intralamellar (local) GCs, but a high excitation–inhibition balance in translamellar (distant) GCs.
MCs enhance the spiking precision of local GCs, but not distant GCs.
MCs either promote or suppress local GC activity, but primarily promote distant GC activation.
Impacts of Ship Waves on Bed Morphology of a Trapezoidal Cross-Sectional Channel
Authors: Mao Lilei , Li Xin , Chen Yimei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ship waves could alter the hydrodynamic field and play an important role for sediment movement and morphological changes, especially in shallow water regions of inland waterways. However, the response of riverbed morphology to ship waves is still unclear. In this paper, the impacts of ship waves on the bed profile in inland waterways are investigated by means of laboratory experiments. Observations of ship waves and bed profile changes exposed to different ship wave conditions are conducted. There exists a power exponential relationship between the corresponding polygon area and perimeter of the cross-sectional bed profile after the action of ship waves, which indicates that the bed profile is only adjusted in the geometric direction. Moreover, the dimensionless local scour depth is well predicted through the dimensionless expression of ship-induced near-bed velocity, ship draft, and offshore distance, which describes the impacts of ship waves on the bed morphology in inland waterways.
Association of predicted fat mass, predicted lean mass and predicted percent fat with diabetes mellitus in Chinese population: a 15-year prospective cohort
Authors: Liu Lu , Ban Chao , Jia Shanshan , Chen Xiaoping , He Sen 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesWith body mass index (BMI) failing to distinguish the mass of fat from lean, several novel predicted equations for predicted fat mass (FM), predicted lean mass (LM) and predicted per cent fat (PF) were recently developed and validated. Our aim was to explore whether the three novel parameters could better predict diabetes mellitus (DM) than the commonly used obesity indicators, including BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference and waist-hip ratio.DesignA 15-year prospective cohort was used.SettingIt was a prospective cohort, consisting of a general Chinese population from 1992 to 2007.ParticipantsThis cohort enrolled 711 people. People suffering from DM at baseline (n=24) were excluded, and 687 non-diabetics with complete data were included to the analysis.Primary outcomeNew-onset DM.ResultsAfter the follow-up, 74 (48 men and 26 women) incidences of DM were documented. For men, the adjusted HRs were 1, 5.19 (p=0.003) and 7.67 (p<0.001) across predicted PF tertiles; 1, 2.86 (p=0.029) and 5.60 (p<0.001) across predicted FM tertiles; 1, 1.21 (p=0.646) and 2.27 (p=0.025) across predicted LM tertiles. Predicted FM performed better than other commonly used obesity indicators in discrimination with the highest Harrell’s C-statistic among all the body composition parameters. Whereas, for women, none of the three novel parameters was the independent predictor.ConclusionPredicted PF, predicted LM and predicted FM could independently predict the risk of DM for men, with predicted FM performing better in discrimination than other commonly used obesity indicators. For women, larger samples were further needed.
Relationships among thriving at work, organisational commitment and job satisfaction among Chinese front-line primary public health workers during COVID-19 pandemic: a structural equation model analysis
Authors: Yi Mo , Jiang Di , Wang Jingjing , Zhang Zeyi , Jia Yuanmin , Zhao Baosheng , Guo Lei , Chen Ou 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the mediating effect and influence mechanism of organisational commitment on the association among thriving at work and job satisfaction among frontline primary public health workers (PHWs) in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignThis study is a cross-sectional written survey.SettingWe included 20 primary care units in northern provinces of China.ParticipantsA total of 601 PHWs who worked in primary organisations and against COVID-19 on the front line were included.MethodsWe collected the data from the participants’ written questionnaire (Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, thriving at work scale and organisational commitment scale), and programmed AMOS V.26.0 to develop a structural equation model (SEM) based on the relationships among the three variables.ResultsThe thriving at work scores of the primary PHWs were (M=3.17, SD=0.65), and job satisfaction was (M=3.05, SD=0.69); the scores of their thriving at work, organisational commitment and job satisfaction were all significantly correlated (p<0.01); and the SEM indicated that organisational commitment had a significant partial mediating effect between thriving at work and job satisfaction. The overall effect value was 0.867, and the mediated effect value was 0.422, accounting for 48.7% of the total effect size.ConclusionThe thriving at work and job satisfaction scores of primary PHWs in China are moderate, and thriving at work not only affects job satisfaction directly, but also indirectly through organisational commitment. This study suggests that health policy-makers should promote job satisfaction among PHWs through relative inventions aiming to improve their thriving at work and organisational commitment.