bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rock Physics-Based Data Assimilation of Integrated Continuous Active-Source Seismic and Pressure Monitoring Data during Geological Carbon Storage
Authors: Joon Shams , Dawuda Ismael , Morgan Eugene , Srinivasan Sanjay 
Published: February 2022

Summary
There has been substantial controversy concerning the role of geological carbon storage (GCS) in sequestering anthropogenic carbon emissions to mitigate climate change and global warming. Arguments center on the inability to monitor a geological storage site precisely and continuously, especially highlighting the associated costs and spatiotemporal trade-offs when using conventional subsurface monitoring techniques (well logs, core samples, chemical tracers, and 4D seismics). Active surveillance of GCS sites is essential for managing and mitigating potential leaks but is also required by regulation. With the goal of enhancing the monitoring capability at GCS sites, we present a rock physics-based joint data assimilation model to study a popular GCS site at Cranfield, Mississippi, USA. Synthetic continuous active-source seismic monitoring (CASSM) data (in the form of Vp and Qp measurements) and wellbore pressure monitoring data are assimilated with an ensemble of reservoir realizations to monitor gas saturation and reservoir pressure changes over a period of 100 years. Synthetic seismic attributes are generated using rock physics models (RPMs) and wellbore pressure monitoring data are extracted from the ground truth. Two assimilation methods, ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) and ensemble Kalman smoother (EnKS), are tested in an observation system simulation experiment (OSSE) environment to assess the prediction accuracy of the individual and composite observation systems. The joint monitoring system achieves more accurate estimates of gas saturation and pressure, across the time span from start of injection to end of forecast, as compared to a single type of monitoring tool and irrespective of data assimilation algorithm choice. These results indicate that jointly assimilated data from two types of sensors (in this case, crosswell seismic and downhole pressure) may lead to a more risk-reducing monitoring design. One would expect that more data, vis-à-vis inclusion of a new sensor type, will improve the accuracy of any GCS monitoring system. However, from a practical standpoint, one important question is whether such a gain in accuracy is worth the additional cost associated with the new sensor. This paper focuses on quantifying the gain in accuracy, such that a practitioner can answer this question.
Improving Fracture Complexity and Conductivity in Shale Formation with Calcite-Filled Natural Fractures by a Novel CO2-Assisted Fracturing: An Experimental Study
Authors: Zou Yushi , Zhang Shicheng , Ma Xinfang , Li Sihai 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Given the advantages of using CO2 as a fracturing fluid to enhance unconventional oil/gas production and urge of carbon neutrality, CO2-assisted fracturing draws increasing attention in China recently. However, several critical issues related to this fracturing technology, such as the mechanism of hydraulic fracture (HF) growth, still need to be clarified. A novel CO2-assisted fracturing design, which can increase the HF complexity and conductivity, as well as improve the porosity/permeability of surrounding rock matrix, bedding planes (BPs), and natural fractures (NFs), was proposed. In the design, the carbonated water, formed by dissolving surpercritical CO2 in the slickwater, is used as the slug fluid to soften the calcite-sealed NFs that intersect with the precreated HFs. Subsequently, the slickwater is injected as the carrying fluid to dilate the NFs. To verify this design, a series of true triaxial fracturing simulations and static soaking experiments were conducted on the Longmaxi shale in Sichuan basin, China. Scanning electron microscopy results show that carbonated water, a weakly acidic fluid, can react vigorously with the carbonate-rich shale with time going on, thereby resulting in numerous dissolved pores with the diameter of dozens of microns. Eventually, the reaction between rock and carbonated water increases porosity/permeability and reduces mechanical strength. Notable dissolution of calcite, which could soften the calcite-sealed NFs, can occur in a short time (0.5 hours). Pretreating the specimen with carbonated water can lower the breakdown pressure of the rock by 2.7 MPa for half an hour and 11.7 MPa for 2 hours and promote HFs to propagate along the BPs and NFs in the shear-dominant mode. The shear dislocation and uneven erosion of fracture surface are of great significance in improving the permeability or conductivity of HFs. Notably, well shut-in for an optimized period may allow the sufficient interaction between carbonated water and shale, thereby improving the effectiveness of composite fracturing. This innovative design, which takes advantage of the special physical-chemical properties of supercritcal CO2, is feasible and conducive to enhancing production from unconventional reservoirs.
Estrogens and progestins cooperatively shift breast cancer cell metabolism
Authors: Ward Ashley V. , Matthews Shawna B. , Fettig Lynsey M. , Riley Duncan , Finlay-Schultz Jessica , Kabos Peter , Jackman Matthew , MacLean Paul S. , Sartorius Carol A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Metabolic reprogramming remains largely understudied in relation to hormones in estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positive breast cancer. In this study, we investigated how estrogens, progestins, or the combination, impact metabolism in three ER and PR positive breast cancer cell lines. We measured metabolites in the treated cells using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Top metabolic processes upregulated with each treatment involved glucose metabolism including Warburg effect/glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway. RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis on two of the cell lines treated with the same hormones found estrogens target oncogenes such as MYC and PI3K/AKT/mTOR that control tumor metabolism, while progestins increased genes associated with fatty acid metabolism, and the estrogen/progestin combination additionally increased glycolysis. Phenotypic analysis of cell energy metabolism found that glycolysis was the primary hormonal target, particularly for the progestin and estrogen-progestin combination. Transmission electron microscopy found that, compared to vehicle, estrogens elongated mitochondria which was reversed by co-treatment with progestins. Progestins promoted lipid storage both alone and in combination with estrogen. These findings highlight the shift in breast cancer cell metabolism to a more glycolytic and lipogenic phenotype in response to combination hormone treatment, which may contribute to a more metabolically adaptive state for cell survival.
Nitric oxide detection using catalytic properties of CuCo-PTC metal-organic framework
Authors: Wang Meng , Dong Hui , Zhang Yintang , Zhou Yanli , Gu Mengjiao , Zhu Qianqian , Song Yiwen , Ye Baoxian , Xu Maotian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Nitric oxide is one of the atmospheric pollutants and an important gas messenger molecule in the human body, involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, detecting nitric oxide rapidly and accurately has been one of the popular topics in recent decades. In this study, we synthesized CuCo-PTC MOF materials using a solvothermal method based on the mechanism of triazole ring formation from o-phenylenediamine (OPD) and nitric oxide. The synthesized CuCo-PTC MOF materials show high sensitivity and good selectivity for detecting nitric oxide in vitro and in cell lysates. The results indicate the potential for applying this sensing strategy to detect nitric oxide in the internal environment.
Title: Advances in blood donor policies in relation to gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) and transgender populations as donors: A scoping review.
Authors: Gahagan Jacqueline , Haw Jennie , Butler-Foster Terrie , Falvey Conor , Phinney Jackie , Redden Marco , Jenkins Catherine 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Globally, the updating of donor policies in relation to gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM), transgender, and gender diverse populations remains an important public health issue. The purpose of this scoping review was to determine how Canada and other OECD countries are addressing this issue in relation to plasma and whole blood donation policies. Methods: The scoping review included English-language peer-reviewed empirical studies from OECD countries from 1997 to 2020 to better understand the shifts in donor policies over this time period. Initial search criteria resulted in 3,974 abstracts and titles. Researchers reviewed abstracts according to eligibility criteria which yielded a total of 51 published studies for full review. Data charting was based on Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for scoping reviews. Results: Key considerations included the reliance on mathematical modeling and behavioural risk surveillance data as a means of continuing with the status quo in informing donor policies which continue to ban sexually active gbMSM from donating. In addition, there is a lack of focus on the unique concerns facing transgender, gender diverse, and racially diverse populations who may wish to donate whole blood or plasma. Conclusions: There is a growing international policy shift in reducing the lifetime donor ban and/or removing the ban for gbMSM to donate blood. More needs to be done to both clarify the rationale for such policies in the face of current scientific evidence and testing and to ensure inclusion of transgender, gender diverse, and racially diverse populations in the formation of policies and information about both whole blood and plasma donations. Finally, blood operators need to work more closely with diverse donor communities to ensure the approach taken is in keeping with the needs of gbMSM, transgender, and gender diverse populations.
Association Between Perceived Stress, Loneliness and Sleep Disorders Among Breast Cancer Patients: the Moderating Roles of Resilience
Authors: Ban Yue , Li Mengyao , Bai He , Liu Li , Gu Zhihui , Zhang Ke , Yang Chen xin , Wu Hui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Purpose: Sleep disorders are prevalent and often neglected among breast cancer patients. This study aimed to identify the association among perceived stress, loneliness, resilience and sleep disorders, and to further explore whether resilience could be a moderator in the association between perceived stress, loneliness and sleep disorders among Chinese female breast cancer patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Anshan, China from October 2019 to October 2020. 492 valid questionnaires were collected. Patients were asked in response to the questionnaires including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Perceived Stress Scale-10, the Three-Item Loneliness Scale and Resilience Scale-14. The association among perceived stress, loneliness, resilience and perceived stress/loneliness × resilience interaction with sleep disorders were examined by hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The interaction was visualized by using simple slope analysis. Results: In our study, 36.58% of the female breast cancer patients reported sleep disorders. Perceived stress and loneliness were related to sleep disorders. Resilience could moderate the relationship between them and sleep disorders. When resilience was higher, perceived stress and loneliness had a weaker impact on sleep disorders.Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of sleep disorders and this study implied an adverse effect of perceived stress, loneliness on the sleep quality. However, resilience could moderate the association between perceived stress, loneliness and sleep disorders. More positive psychological interventions should be integrated into the prevention of sleep disorders among cancer patients.
Increased Expression of TSPEAR in Colorectal Cancer Predicts Poor Prognosis
Authors: Li Xintong , Xie Yuandong , Su Shuoyao , Liu Zhe , Zhao Jia , Wen Dezhong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is, at present, the most frequently and most lethal gastrointestinal tract cancer, leading to significant mortality and a large global cancer burden. TSPEAR has been reported to associate with the development of human tooth and hair follicle morphogenesis. However, there is no study on TSPEAR in any cancers have been reported.
Methods
The information of TSPEAR gene expression in CRC was collected from TCGA database and GTEx. The Rt-qPCR and WB were used to compare the TSPEAR expression level between normal colon cells NCM-460 and human CRC cell lines, included SW-480, SW-620, HCT-116, Ht-29, and LoVo. Then, we performed the survival, gene function/pathway enrichment, and tumor immune infiltration analyses via using R packages and TIMER database.
Results
It was demonstrated that TSPEAR gene showed high expression in CRC tissue and cell lines and up-regulated expression correlating with a poor overall prognosis. Besides, the up-regulated TSPEAR was correlated with the M1 stage, CEA level, and residual tumor. Multivariate analysis further confirmed that TSPEAR remained an independent CRC patient-related risk factors, whereas gene function/pathway enrichment analysis indicated that it may can regulate Wnt, Hippo signaling pathway, as well as many cell metabolism activities. For immune infiltration, the expression level of TSPEAR was positively correlated with immune cells and showed a strong correlation with diverse immune marker sets, especially in COAD.
Conclusions
The results demonstrated that TSPEAR is possibly a clinically valuable predictive biomarkers for CRC patients, as well as associated with tumor infiltrating immune cells.
Continuous three-dimensional stress monitoring in roof of coal mines for investigating the rockburst control effect with hydraulic fracturing
Authors: Gao Hou , Zhao Wusheng , Chen Weizhong , Xie Peiyao , Zhong Kun , Qin Changkun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The occurrence of rockburst in coal mines is closely related to the three-dimensional stress in coal and rock mass. Through hydraulic fracturing measurements in roof, the three-dimensional stress in roof before and after hydraulic fracturing as well as during working face advancing was monitored, and the effect of hydraulic fracturing in roof on controlling rockburst was studied. The test results show that (1) after hydraulic fracturing, the three principal stresses in roof decreased remarkably, whose maximum reduction was about 20%, while the elastic strain energy in roof decreased by about 31% as well; (2) as the working face advanced, the three principal stresses in roof in front of the working face would increase continuously until reaching peaks and induce the strata fracture, and the variation of the elastic strain energy in roof was basically consistent with that of the magnitude of three-dimensional stress; (3) with hydraulic fracturing, the position of the peak stress moved from 11 m to 21 m in front of the working face, the peaks of the three principal stresses decreased, whose maximum reduction was about 32%, and the peak of the elastic strain energy in roof also significantly decreased by about 51%. The field investigation shows that hydraulic fracturing in roof can release the stress and elastic strain energy in coal and rock mass instantaneously, and will reduce the risk of rockburst; hydraulic fracturing in roof can be an effective pre-destressing method to reduce the stress and energy concentration in coal and rock mass during mining, and will prevent the risk of rockburst.
Genome-wide association studies revealed complex genetic architecture and breeding perspective of maize ear traits
Authors: Khatun Mita , Monir Md Mamun , Lou Xiangyang , Zhu Jun , Xu Haiming 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Maize (Zea Mays) is one of the world's most important crops. Hybrid maize lines resulted a major improvement in corn production in the previous and current centuries. Understanding the genetic mechanisms of the corn production associated traits greatly facilitate the development of superior hybrid varieties. Result: In this study, four ear traits associated with corn production of Nested Association Mapping (NAM) population were analyzed using a full genetic model, and further, optimal genotype combinations and total genetic effects of current best lines, superior lines, and superior hybrids were predicted for each of the traits at four different locations. The analysis identified 21-34 highly significant SNPs (–log10P > 5), with an estimated total heritability of 37.31-62.34%, while large contributions to variations was due to dominance, dominance-related epistasis, and environmental interaction effects ( 14.06% ~ 49.28%), indicating these factors contributed significantly to phenotypic variations of the ear traits. Environment-specific genetic effects were also discovered to be crucial for maize ear traits. There were four pleiotropic SNPs found for three ear traits: two for ear length and weight, and two for ear row number and length. Using the Enumeration method and the stepwise tuning technique, optimum multi-locus genotype combinations for superior lines were identified based on the information obtained from GWAS. Conclusions: Predictions of genetic breeding values showed that different genotype combinations in different geographical regions may be better, and hybrid-line variety breeding with homozygote and heterozygote genotype combinations may have a greater potential to improve ear traits.
Changes in oral function, swallowing function, and quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Ihara Yoshiaki , Kato Hirotaka , Tashimo Yuichi , Iizumi Yoshiki , Hukunishi Yuma , Sato Hitoshi , Shimane Toshikazu , Takahashi Koji 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment can cause oral morbidities, such as oral dryness and dysphagia, affecting the patient’s quality of life (QOL). The relationship between oral functions and QOL in patients with early-stage HNC remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate changes in the QOL of patients with early-stage HNC and identify factors that affect the QOL of these patientsMethods: In this prospective cohort study, 52 patients who underwent early-stage (T1/T2) HNC treatment were evaluated for their oral function, swallowing function, and the QOL score at baseline (BL) and 12 months after surgical treatment (12M). The participants were divided into two groups: patients who returned to the BL QOL score at 12M (RE; n=35) and those who did not (NR; n=17). Results: In total, 32.7% (17/52) patients with early-stage HNC did not return to the BL QOL score at 12M. There was no significant difference between the RE and NR groups regarding the oral and swallowing function. Moreover, oral and swallowing function of all patients returned to the BL at 12M. The NR group showed lower QOL scores than the RE group in the global health status, physical function, and “sticky saliva” parameters in the questionnaires.Conclusion: Restoration of the oral function is insufficient to improve the QOL of patients with early-stage HNC. The treatment of these patients should instead consider several factors that affect their QOL.
Model-free Phasor Image Analysis of Quantitative Myocardial T1 Mapping
Authors: Franssen Wouter M. J. , Treibel Thomas A. , Seraphim Andreas , Weingärtner Sebastian , Terenzi Camilla 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Model-free phasor image analysis, well established in fluorescence lifetime imaging and only recently applied to qMRI T2 data processing, is here adapted and validated for myocardial qMRI T1 mapping. Contrarily to routine mono-exponential fitting procedures, phasor enables mapping the lifetime information from all image voxels to a single plot, without resorting to any regression fit analysis, and describing multi-exponential qMRI decays without biases due to violated modelling assumptions. In this study, we test the performance of our recently developed full-harmonics phasor method for unravelling partial-volume effects, motion or pathological tissue alteration, respectively on a numerically-simulated dataset, a healthy subject scan, and two pilot patient datasets. Our results show that phasor analysis can be used, as alternative method to fitting analysis or other model-free approaches, to identify motion artifacts or partial-volume effects at the myocardium-blood interface as characteristic deviations, or delineations of scar and remote myocardial tissue in patient data.
Web and Social Media Searches Highlight Menstrual Irregularities as a Global Concern in COVID-19 Vaccinations
Authors: Katz Ariel , Tepper Yoav , Eran Alal , Birk Ohad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Delineation of public concerns that prevent vaccine compliance is a major step in generating assurances and enhancing the success of COVID-19 prevention programs. We therefore sought to identify public concerns associated with COVID-19 vaccines, as reflected by web and social media searches, with a focus on menstrual irregularities.
Methods
We used trajectory analyses of web and social media search data in combination with global COVID-19 data to reveal time-dependent correlations between vaccination rates and the relative volume of vaccine and period related searches.
Results
A surge of period and vaccine related google searches followed the commencement of vaccination programs in English speaking countries, and across the United States. TikTok users were more engaged in period problems in 2021 than ever before.
Conclusions
National and state-level correlations between COVID-19 vaccinations and online activity demonstrate a global major concern of vaccine-related menstrual irregularities. Whether it is a potential side effect or an unfounded worry, monitoring of web and social media activity could reveal the public perception of COVID-19 prevention efforts, which could then be directly addressed and translated into insightful public health strategies.
Identification of s9ap Used as an Endogenous Reference Gene in Qualitative and Real-Time Quantitative PCR Detection of Pleurotus eryngii
Authors: Wei Yuanmiao , Liu Yao , Li Ling , Xiang Shuna , Zhang Hanyue , Shang Ying 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Pleurotus eryngii is a kind of edible fungi with good quality, and it is popular among consumers. At present, some adulterated wild edible fungi are available in the market. The rights and interests of consumers can be ensured by establishing a practical edible fungi detection system. Among the existing methods for detecting food adulteration, endogenous reference gene amplification is convenient and reliable. However, no ideal endogenous reference gene is available for P. eryngii. In this study, s9ap was screened as an endogenous reference gene through sequence alignment. Qualitative and quantitative PCR analysis of this gene was carried out in one P. eryngii variety and 18 other species. The detection limit of quantitative PCR was 400 pg, and no s9ap amplification products were detected in the 18 other species. This study confirmed that s9ap was an ideal endogenous reference gene for the detection of P. eryngii. This method was also suitable for processed food products.