bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined IL-2, agonistic CD3 and 4-1BB stimulation preserve clonotype hierarchy in propagated non-small cell lung cancer tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
Authors: Shah Parin , Forget Marie-Andrée , Frank Meredith L , Jiang Peixin , Sakellariou-Thompson Donastas , Federico Lorenzo , Khairullah Roohussaba , Neutzler Chantal Alexia , Wistuba Ignacio , Chow Chi-Wan B , Long Yan , Fujimoto Junya , Lin Shiaw-Yih , Maitra Anirban , Negrao Marcelo V , Mitchell Kyle Gregory , Weissferdt Annikka , Vaporciyan Ara A , Cascone Tina , Roth Jack A , Zhang Jianjun , Sepesi Boris , Gibbons Don L , Heymach John V , Haymaker Cara L , McGrail Daniel J , Reuben Alexandre , Bernatchez Chantale 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAdoptive cell transfer (ACT) of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) yielded clinical benefit in patients with checkpoint blockade immunotherapy-refractory non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prompting a renewed interest in TIL-ACT. This preclinical study explores the feasibility of producing a NSCLC TIL product with sufficient numbers and enhanced attributes using an improved culture method.MethodsTIL from resected NSCLC tumors were initially cultured using (1) the traditional method using interleukin (IL)-2 alone in 24-well plates (TIL 1.0) or (2) IL-2 in combination with agonistic antibodies against CD3 and 4-1BB (Urelumab) in a G-Rex flask (TIL 3.0). TIL subsequently underwent a rapid expansion protocol (REP) with anti-CD3. Before and after the REP, expanded TIL were phenotyped and the complementarity-determining region 3 β variable region of the T-cell receptor (TCR) was sequenced to assess the T-cell repertoire.ResultsTIL 3.0 robustly expanded NSCLC TIL while enriching for CD8+TIL in a shorter manufacturing time when compared with the traditional TIL 1.0 method, achieving a higher success rate and producing 5.3-fold more TIL per successful expansion. The higher proliferative capacity and CD8 content of TIL 3.0 was also observed after the REP. Both steps of expansion did not terminally differentiate/exhaust the TIL but a lesser differentiated population was observed after the first step. TIL initially expanded with the 3.0 method exhibited higher breadth of clonotypes than TIL 1.0 corresponding to a higher repertoire homology with the original tumor, including a higher proportion of the top 10 most prevalent clones from the tumor. TIL 3.0 also retained a higher proportion of putative tumor-specific TCR when compared with TIL 1.0. Numerical expansion of TIL in a REP was found to perturb the clonal hierarchy and lessen the proportion of putative tumor-specific TIL from the TIL 3.0 process.ConclusionsWe report the feasibility of robustly expanding a T-cell repertoire recapitulating the clonal hierarchy of the T cells in the NSCLC tumor, including a large number of putative tumor-specific TIL clones, using the TIL 3.0 methodology. If scaled up and employed as a sole expansion platform, the robustness and speed of TIL 3.0 may facilitate the testing of TIL-ACT approaches in NSCLC.
Delivery of CD47 blocker SIRPα-Fc by CAR-T cells enhances antitumor efficacy
Authors: Chen Huanpeng , Yang Yuying , Deng Yuqing , Wei Fengjiao , Zhao Qingyu , Liu Yongqi , Liu Zhonghua , Yu Bolan , Huang Zhaofeng 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has been successfully applied in treating lymphoma malignancies, but not in solid tumors. CD47 is highly expressed on tumor cells and its overexpression is believed to inhibit phagocytosis by macrophages and dendritic cells. Given the antitumor activity against preclinical model of CD47-blocking to induce the innate and adaptive immune system in the tumor microenvironment, here we developed a CAR-T cell secreting CD47 blocker signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα)-Fc fusion protein (Sirf CAR-T) to boost CAR-T cell therapeutic effect in solid tumor therapy.MethodsMurine T cells were transduced to express a conventional anti-Trop2 CAR and Sirf CAR. The expression of SIRPα-Fc fusion protein in the supernatant of CAR-T cells and its effect on macrophage phagocytosis were tested in vitro. In vivo antitumor efficacy of CAR-T cells was evaluated in immunocompetent mice and analysis of the tumor microenvironment in the tumor-bearing mice was performed.ResultsWe found that Sirf CAR-T cells dramatically decreased tumor burden and significantly prolonged survival in several syngeneic immunocompetent tumor models. Furthermore, we found that Sirf CAR-T cells induced more central memory T cells (TCM) and improved the persistence of CAR-T cells in tumor tissue, as well as decreased PD-1 expression on the CAR-T cell surface. In addition, we demonstrated that Sirf CAR-T cells could modulate the tumor microenvironment by decreasing myeloid-derived stem cells as well as increasing CD11c+ dendritic cells and M1-type macrophages in tumor tissue.ConclusionsIn summary, our findings indicate that CD47 blocker SIRPα-Fc enhances the antitumor efficacy of CAR-T cells and propose to block CD47/SIRPα signaling effect on CAR-T cells function, which could provide a new strategy for successful cancer immunotherapy by rationalizing combination of CD47 blocker and CAR-T cell therapy.
Parent artery-initiated and stent-mediated neointima formation in a rat saccular side wall model
Authors: Wanderer Stefan , Grüter Basil Erwin , Boillat Gwendoline , Sivanrupan Sivani , Rey Jeannine , Catalano Kristina , vonGunten Michael , Widmer Hans Rudolf , Andereggen Lukas , Marbacher Serge 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundUnlike clipping that forms an immediate barrier of blood flow into intracranial aneurysms, endovascular treatments rely on thrombus organization and neointima formation. Therefore, a continuous endothelial cell layer is crucial to prevent blood flow in the former aneurysm. This study investigates the origin of endothelial cells in the neointima of endovascular treated aneurysms, specifically whether cells from the parent artery play a role in neointima formation.MethodsIn male rats, decellularized and vital side wall aneurysms were treated by coil (n=16) or stent embolization (n=15). The cell tracer CM-Dil dye was injected into the clamped aorta before aneurysm suture to mark initial endothelial cells in the parent artery and enable tracking of their proliferation during follow-up. Aneurysms were analyzed for growth, thrombus formation, and recurrence. Histological evaluation followed with cell counts for specific regions-of-interest.ResultsDuring follow-up, none of the 31 aneurysms ruptured. Macroscopic residual perfusion was observed in 12/16 rats after coiling and in 1/15 after stenting. Amounts of CM-Dil +cells in coiled versus stented decellularized aneurysms significantly decreased in the thrombus on day 7 (p=0.01) and neointima on day 21 (p=0.04). For vital aneurysms, the number of CM-Dil +cells in the neointima on day 21 showed no significant difference.ConclusionsHealing patterns were worse in coil-treated than stent-treated aneurysms. Cell migration forming a neointima seemed mainly dependent on the adjacent vessel in decellularized aneurysms, but appeared buoyed by recruitment from aneurysm wall cells in vital aneurysms. Therefore, a cell-rich parent artery might be crucial.
Low-power CW laser-assisted synthesis of plasmonic aluminium nanoparticles using low duty cycle optical chopper
Authors: Swapna M.S. , Sankararaman S. 
Published: February 2022

This paper reports continuous wave (CW) laser-assisted synthesis of plasmonic aluminium nanoparticles (ANPs) by drastically reducing the laser power density from the existing 105 W/cm2 to 9 W/cm2 using a specially designed ultralow duty cycle chopper. The aluminium target is subjected to laser irradiation by keeping it in a liquid medium maintained at a specific temperature. The effect of chopping frequencies (F), temperatures (T), and surfactant-glucose (C) on the formation of ANPs are investigated through field emission scanning electron microscopic and UV-visible spectroscopic analyses. The energy required for the ejection of ANPs from the target is obtained from the optical source, thermal source, and the molecular collision due to convection current. The purity of the nanoparticle is determined from energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis. The analysis reveals that ANPs of sizes in the range 20–50 nm are formed when F = 30 Hz, T = 60 °C, and C = 18 mg/cc, exhibiting excellent ageing stability. The photoluminescence spectrum, power spectrum, and CIE analyses for the excitations at 350 nm and 390 nm indicate the emission to be blue, suggesting that it is a suitable fluorescence material for UV-plasmonics.
Fission resonances observed in the $$^{237}$$Np(d,pf) reaction and the fission barrier topology of $$^{238}$$Np
Authors: Csige Lóránt , Csatlós Margit , Faestermann Thomas , Habs Dieter , Hunyadi Mátyás , Krasznahorkay Attila J. , Thirolf Peter G. , Tornyi Tamás G. , Wirth Hans-F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe fission probability of $$^{238}$$

238

Np was measured as a function of the excitation energy in the energy range of E$$^* = 5.4 - 6.2$$

∗

=
5.4
-
6.2

MeV in order to search for transmission fission resonances. A radioactive $$^{237}$$

237

Np target was bombarded with deuterons of E$$_d$$

d

= 12 MeV, whereas the energy of the protons was analyzed with a superior resolution of $$\varDelta $$
Δ
E = 8 keV. The experiment was performed at the Tandem accelerator of the Maier-Leibnitz Laboratory in Garching employing the $$^{237}$$

237

Np(d,pf) reaction. A group of fission resonances has been observed at excitation energies between E$$^* = 5.5 - 5.8$$

∗

=
5.5
-
5.8

MeV, which could be ordered into three (superdeformed) rotational bands with a rotational parameter of $$\hbar ^2/2\varTheta = 3.507$$

ħ
2

/
2
Θ
=
3.507

keV, and identified as the first direct observation of transition states composing rotational bands in an odd-odd nucleus as they appear above the top of the outer fission barrier. Nuclear reaction code (talys1.95) calculations were also performed to extract the multi-humped fission barrier parameters of $$^{238}$$

238

Np by fitting them to the experimental data of the present (d,pf) and previous (n,f) experiments. The extracted barrier parameters also support the above interpretation of the observed resonances.
Naturally occurring underpressure – a global review
Authors: Birchall T. , Senger K. , Swarbrick Richard 
Published: February 2022

Several mechanisms have been suggested as drivers of naturally occurring underpressure. However, the phenomenon is largely underrepresented in literature. Previous studies have focused on individual cases in North America, where challenges due to topography and defining hydrostatic gradients exist. More recent publications from underpressured basins have emerged from other parts of the world, where settings are arguably more favourable to studying the phenomenon. Based on a total of 29 underpressured locations, it is apparent that the magnitudes and depths of underpressure are similar throughout the world.
Pressures of up to 60 bar blow hydrostatic are common in sedimentary basins of North America, China, Russia, and Europe and typically occur at shallow depths (<2500 m). All occurrences of underpressure occur in areas that have been geologically recently uplifted and is predominantly confined to low permeability rocks. Although rarely tested, it appears that mudstone intervals are susceptible to developing underpressure. Given the shallowness, low permeability, and recent uplift of the cases, it seems that underpressure is typically a geologically short-lived phenomenon.

Thematic collection:
This article is part of the Geopressure collection available at:
https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/geopressure
Strain-Reactivity Coupling Coefficients on Gold Thin Film in Electrocatalysis
Authors: Wu Xinyan , Graf Matthias , Weissmueller Joerg 
Published: February 2022

A strong coupling effect between of mechanics on the electrochemical performance of potential electrocatalyst materials, affecting the surface strain is expected an effective way to enhance the final electrocatalytic efficiency.
However, the effect of strain on the reaction is still not well understood, especially with respect to diverse reaction and/or their pathways. A suitable measure to quantify this interaction are coupling coefficients, i.e. between the applied strain and the conversion current.
We present an approach to directly quantify this coupling between elastic surface strain to the canonical reaction of methanol oxidation based on the model system of planar gold (which is commonly regarded a catalytically inactive element). Two different strategies (Fig. 1) can provide access to the desired effect. We apply a controlled sine-circled strain with fixed frequency on an elastically deformable substrate carrying the gold thin film and adopt a lock-in technique to capture the modulated synchronous electric response during the whole methanol oxidation reaction process. Through this method, we can obtain the electrocapillary coupling coefficients as functions of the applied potentials, i.e. of each individual reaction step so that the method provides an access to the underlying mechanism (composed of steps of capacitive charging, O adsorption and methanol oxidation) which is not given by common cyclic voltammetry.
The obtained results show that strain significantly modifies the electrochemical surface properties as we thought, an obvious rise of the electrochemical sign in both potential-strain (ς) and current-potential coefficient (Λ) when methanol start to oxidize.

Figure 1
Controlling Ionomer Relaxation to Improve Fuel Cell Durability
Authors: Kim Yu Seung , Langlois David A. , Lee Albert Sung Soo , Purdy Geraldine M , Hjelm Rex , Yim Sung-Dae , Lei Chao , Xu Hui 
Published: February 2022

One of the key issues to resolve for the wide spread commercialization of fuel cells in automobiles is their durability.1 It is known that when a fuel cell cathode undergoes electrical potential swings, between low and high cell voltages, fuel cell degradation increases. While most studies on fuel cell cathode degradation have examined catalyst particle dissolution/agglomeration2, the impact of the interaction between catalysts and polymer electrolytes should not be overlooked.
In this presentation, we will report our approach to forming a robust interface between the catalyst and the ionomer by controlling ionomer relaxation under fuel cell operating conditions. In the first part of the presentation, we will examine the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of Nafion in liquid media by using small angle neutron scattering analysis.3 The impact of the dispersing media on electrochemical reactions in fuel cell cathodes is explored by comparing the fuel cell beginning of life performance and the performance after potential cycling.4 In the second part, we will discuss a rejuvenation process which can control ionomer relaxation, improving fuel cell durability. The rejuvenation process was accomplished by the periodic exposure of a membrane electrode assembly to a dry-N2 gas stream, thus suppressing ionomer relaxation during potential cycling accelerated stress tests.5 We will demonstrate how this technique can effectively extend the lifetime of a fuel cell by over a factor of five. The impact of the rejuvenation process conditions will also be reported.
References

Borup, J. Meyers, B. Pivovar, Y.S. Kim, R. Mukundan, N. Garland, D. Myers, M. Wilson, F. Garzon, D. Wood, P. Zelenay, J. More, K. Stroh, T. Zawodzinski, J. Boncella, J.E. McGrath, M. Inaba, K. Miyatake, M. Hori, K. Ota, Z. Ogumi, S. Miyata, A. Mishikata, Z. Siroma, Y. Uchimoto, K. Yasuda, K. Kimijima and N. Iwashita, Chem. Rev., 107, 3904 (2007).

K. Ahluwalia, S. Arisetty, J.-K. Peng, R. Subbaraman, X. Wang, N. Kariuki, D. J. Myers, R. Mukundan, R. Borup, and O. Polevaya, J. Electrochem. Soc., 161, F291 (2014)

S. Kim, C.F. Welch, R.P. Hjelm, N.H. Mack, A. Labouriau and E.B. Orler, Macromolecules, 48, 2161 (2015).

S. Kim, C.F. Welch, N.H. Mack, R.P. Hjelm, E.B. Orler, M.E. Hawley, K.S. Lee, S.-D. Yim and C.M. Johnston, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 16, 5927 (2014).

S. Kim and D. Langlois, US Patent 9425461 (2016).
CIRKIL Exacerbates Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Interacting With Ku70
Authors: Xiao Hongwen , Zhang Mingyu , Wu Hao , Wu Jiaxu , Hu Xiaoxi , Pei Xinyu , Li Danyang , Zhao Lu , Hua Qi , Meng Bo , Zhang Xiaowen , Peng Lili , Cheng Xiaoling , Li Zhuoyun , Yang Wanqi , Zhang Qi , Zhang Yang , Lu Yanjie , Pan Zhenwei 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Ku70 participates in several pathological processes through mediating repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Our previous study has identified a highly conserved long noncoding RNA cardiac ischemia reperfusion associated Ku70 interacting lncRNA (CIRKIL) that was upregulated in myocardial infarction. The study aims to investigate whether CIRKIL regulates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) through binding to Ku70.

Methods:
CIRKIL transgenic and knockout mice were subjected to 45-minute ischemia and 24-hour reperfusion to establish myocardial I/R model. RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were used to detect the interaction between CIRKIL and Ku70.

Results:

The expression of CIRKIL was increased in I/R myocardium and H
2
O
2
-treated cardiomyocytes. Overexpression of CIRKIL increased the expression of γH
2
A.X, a specific marker of DNA double-strand breaks and aggravated cardiomyocyte apoptosis, whereas knockdown of CIRKIL produced the opposite changes. Transgenic overexpression of CIRKIL aggravated cardiac dysfunction, enlarged infarct area, and worsened cardiomyocyte damage in I/R mice. Knockout of CIRKIL alleviated myocardial I/R injury. Mechanistically, CIRKIL directly bound to Ku70 to subsequently decrease nuclear translocation of Ku70 and impair DNA double-strand breaks repair. Concurrent overexpression of Ku70 mitigated CIRKIL overexpression-induced myocardial I/R injury. Furthermore, knockdown of human CIRKIL significantly suppressed cell damage induced by H
2
O
2
in adult human ventricular cardiomyocytes and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.

Conclusions:
CIRKIL is a detrimental factor in I/R injury acting via regulating nuclear translocation of Ku70 and DNA double-strand breaks repair. Thus, CIRKIL might be considered as a novel molecular target for the treatment of cardiac conditions associated with I/R injury.
Long-Term Connectome Analysis Reveals Reshaping of Visual, Spatial Networks in a Model With Vascular Dementia Features
Authors: Hall Gerard R. , Boehm-Sturm Philipp , Dirnagl Ulrich , Finke Carsten , Foddis Marco , Harms Christoph , Koch Stefan Paul , Kuchling Joseph , Madan Christopher R. , Mueller Susanne , Sassi Celeste , Sotiropoulos Stamatios N. , Trueman Rebecca C. , Wallis Marcus D. , Yildirim Ferah , Farr Tracy D. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Connectome analysis of neuroimaging data is a rapidly expanding field that offers the potential to diagnose, characterize, and predict neurological disease. Animal models provide insight into biological mechanisms that underpin disease, but connectivity approaches are currently lagging in the rodent.

Methods:
We present a pipeline adapted for structural and functional connectivity analysis of the mouse brain, and we tested it in a mouse model of vascular dementia.

Results:
We observed lacunar infarctions, microbleeds, and progressive white matter change across 6 months. For the first time, we report that default mode network activity is disrupted in the mouse model. We also identified specific functional circuitry that was vulnerable to vascular stress, including perturbations in a sensorimotor, visual resting state network that were accompanied by deficits in visual and spatial memory tasks.

Conclusions:
These findings advance our understanding of the mouse connectome and provide insight into how it can be altered by vascular insufficiency.
Mircea Eliade and René Guénon
Authors: Marino Davide 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article analyses the intellectual relationship between the historian of religions Mircea Eliade and the French esotericist René Guénon. Many scholars have argued for the “the myth of affinity”, a theory according to which Eliade would have subscribed to Guénon’s worldview (Traditionalism). The proponents of this thesis believe that Eliade opportunistically masked his Traditionalism for fear of being considered not sufficiently “scientific” for the academic career he aspired to. This article argues against such a theory and intends to demonstrate how the “myth of affinity” arose from a series of misunderstandings that occurred in the circle of Guénon’s closest associates, probably fuelled by Eliade himself. A comparison of Guénon and Eliade’s works on the theme of initiation will be used to dismiss “the myth of affinity” by indicating the irreconcilable theoretical distance between Traditionalism and Eliadian hermeneutics.
Urban Heat Island Estimation from Crowdsensing Thermometers Embedded in Personal Cars
Authors: Marquès Eva , Masson Valéry , Naveau Philippe , Mestre Olivier , Dubreuil Vincent , Richard Yves 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An ever-growing portion of the global population lives in urban areas. Cities are expanding quickly and consequently, the urban heat island effect has become a major health concern to maintain city dwellers’ thermal comfort. For this reason, city planners want to access urban meteorological databases in local areas where specific attention is needed. With the growth of connected devices, it is possible to collect unusual but massive temperature measurements from people’s activities. In this article, we study temperatures measured by thermometers embedded in everyday personal cars. To assess the quality of such opportunistic data, we first detect factors deteriorating the measurement. After preprocessing, the measurement error is then estimated thanks to two weather station networks providing a local-scale reference through the cities of Dijon and Rennes, France. The overall aggregation of private car temperature measurements allows us to estimate very precisely the urban heat island at a 200-m resolution. We detect the cooling effect of parks in Rennes and Paris urban areas. In Barcelona and Dijon, we observe the impact of regional environments and the orographic effect on the urban heat island. With our method, similar maps can be made accessible to every interested city in western Europe to target critical areas and support urban planning decisions.