bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The development and evaluation of a combined initial alignment algorithm for strapdown inertial navigation system
Authors: Afonin A A , Sulakov A S , Maamo M S , Shapovalov N A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a combined initial alignment algorithm for strapdown inertial navigation system, in which the initial alignment is carried out in two stages during the process of preflight preparations while the aircraft is not moving. This method of initial alignment has the advantages of being conducted based on the Earth’s equatorial (Greenwich) coordinate system, which is also used by the aircraft onboard navigation system. In the first stage, the coarse initial alignment is carried out, and this is done according to the orientation parameters using the vector matching method. Then, in the second stage, a fine procedure is carried out, which may be looked at as an integrated system implemented using optimal Kalman filter. In this case, the initial parameters of orientation and navigation are refined, as well as the systematic errors of the inertial sensors are estimated and corrected. The simulation results show that the required level of initial alignment accuracy could be achieved by applying coarse and fine initial alignment procedures not sequentially but in a combination.
Control of the rectification column to ensure the required quality of the top product
Authors: Mukhitdinov D P , Kadirov Y B , Sultanov I R 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Based on the solution of the mathematical description of the static mode operation in the distillation column, the concentration and temperature profiles along the height of the column were obtained, and the positions of the control plates were determined by calculating their gradients. The sequence of solving the material balance equations is determined under the assumption of the ideal mixing of the liquid on the control plate in the dynamic mode by the method of piecewise linear approximation. A reflux consuming control scheme has been developed according to the condition of minimum deviation time on the control plate of the current concentration value (xt) at each time interval t from its set value. This in turn makes it possible to anticipate changes in the concentration in the distillation for the time of a transport disturbance in the interval “control plate-top of the column” to provide the required quality of the top product.
Bellows control devices for borehole supercritical extraction processes
Authors: Bashmur K A , Bukhtoyarov V V , Petrovsky E A , Gorodov A A , Kolenchukov O A , Sergienko R B 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper discusses a pressure control and monitoring system to improve the reliability of borehole extraction processes. Borehole extraction processes can improve the quality of high-viscosity oil stimulation and can also be used in biofuel production processes by providing the necessary performance. This pressure control system is based on a bellows-type device capable of withstanding high pressures. The presented device has a number of advantages compared with counterparts: the possibility of pressure control, reducing the risk of water hammer, increasing reliability. When using a bellows device in downhole extraction processes, there is a problem of changing operating parameters with changing depth of diving. In this regard, a model was developed and the dependence of pressure changes inside the bellows device depending on the depth of the well was plotted, which will allow designing and regulating the device at various stages.
Active Sallen-Key RC-High-Frequency filter based on non-inverting voltage followers
Authors: Yu Denisenko D , Prokopenko N N , Ivanov Yu I , Butyrlagin N V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A new high-pass filter (HPF) circuit of the second-order Sallen-Key family has been developed and studied, in which independent adjustment of the main parameters is realized -the pole frequency, the quality factor of the pole and the transmission coefficient. The basic equations for the transfer functions and HPF parameters are presented. The results of computer simulation a proposed circuits HPF in CAD Micro-Cap 12 are shown.
Modern structure and innovative efficiency of special equipment for analyzing semiconductor devices
Authors: Karataev S S , Borisov A I 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The multimeter is a sophisticated electronic measuring device that combines several functions: voltmeter, ammeter and ohmmeter. It measures DC and AC voltage, DC and AC current, resistance, capacitance, frequency, transistor gain, diode checks and wire-check connections. The multimeter also features automatic polarity reversal. Digital multimeters range from 2.5 digits (simple devices) to 3.5 digits (most devices). Slightly more expensive instruments with 4.5, 5 and higher digits are also available. The digit capacity “3.5”, for example, means that the display of the device shows 3 full digits, with a range of 0 to 9, and 1 digit with a limited range, i.e., the device can give readings in the range of 0.000 to 1.999; if the measured value is outside these limits, a changeover to another range is required. Many multimeters now have other functions available. This paper is relevant and can be useful because the multimeter is a lightweight, portable device that is convenient for basic measurements and troubleshooting in hard-to-reach places, as well as being a sophisticated stationary device with many features. Multimeter (from multimeter, tester from test, Avometer from AmperVoltOhmMeter) is a combined electrical measuring device that combines several functions. In the minimum set is a voltmeter, ammeter and ohmmeter. Sometimes a multimeter is performed in the form of current clamps. There are digital and analog multimeters. device multimeter computing technique.
Increasing the efficiency of the process of mixing components in the industrial production of dry mixes
Authors: Ulyanov V M , Yu Kiryanov A , Utolin V V , Khripin V A , Batirova V A , Ja Kravets O 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Industrial mixers of solid bulk or powder components have been widely used in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, chemical, and many other industrial branches. Industrial mixers are designed for homogeneous mixing of dry ingredients: fodder, groats, bio supplement, fertilizers, flour, spices, etc. The general principle for all types of dry mixing is to take the product that is being mixed from one area and transfer it to another area. This procedure is repeated many times, and in the process of additional edge mixing of the zones, it leads to the distribution of the components in each other. When preparing a dry mixture, it is advisable to use spiral mixers that provide high mixing quality, low energy consumption, and high productivity. The article presents a spiral mixer for the industrial production of dry mixes, in the body of which two concentrically arranged helical spirals are placed along its length. In this case, the inner spiral has the ability, in addition to the rotational movement, to perform the axial reciprocating movement. The results of theoretical studies on the determination of the throughput capacity and the influence of the parameters of the internal spiral on the performance of the dry mix mixer being developed are presented.
Mathematical modeling of processes in dye-sensitized photocell
Authors: Sharibaev Nosir , Ergashov Abdurasul 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In order to use local and inexpensive raw materials in the production of semiconductor solar photovoltaic cells, scientific research is being conducted. Measurements were carried out on FTO, ITO glasses TiO2 calloid and I iodine crystal. Using the samples, a photocell was prepared under experimental conditions and measurements were made and analyzed for their effective operation.
The influence of the chemical composition of aluminum on the quality of coatings formed using microarc oxidation
Authors: Snezhko A A , Strekaleva T V , Zakharova N V , Vasilyeva E K , Karelina E A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The paper discusses the influence of the chemical composition of the base material on the performance characteristics (hardness, thickness, wear resistance) of oxide coatings formed by microarc oxidation on aluminum alloys. The possibilities of forming the preferred high-hard phase α-Al2O3, as well as oxides of alloying elements in aluminum alloys, are being studied. The thermodynamic analysis carried out in conjunction with the results of experimental data will make it possible to predict the composition of a coating, thereby obtaining protective coatings with desired properties on aluminum alloys.
Fatigue crack growth kinetics in titanium alloys at different interaction of cyclic loading amplitudes
Authors: Savkin A N , Sedov A A , Badikov K A , Baryshnikov A A , Zaharov I N 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Fatigue crack growth kinetics of various titanium alloys BT6 (α+β structure) and 3M (α-structure) under constant amplitude loading with different types of cyclic disturbances in the form of over- and underloading at a loading frequency of 25 Hz was investigated.The tests were conducted on a servohydraulic testing machine under controlled load with simultaneous automatic recording of loading parameters and readings from a crack opening gauge. Tests were carried out on compact specimens with an edge crack which were subjected to off-centre loading. The crack opening data was converted into crack length using a yield strength measurement method. Experimental results, namely fatigue crack growth curves and fatigue fracture kinetic diagrams, were analyzed. It is shown that crack growth kinetics depends mainly on the type of alternating loading amplitude sequences. Reliability estimation of crack growth on the basis of crack opening gauge and study of fractographic features of materials fracture has been carried out.
Air-water cooling mathematical model in cooling towers with vertical contact grilles
Authors: Kryuchkov D A , Ivanyakov S V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper examines the fan cooling towers with vertical contact grilles operation. The water-air cooling process a general mathematical model in cooling towers has been developed. Water-air interaction peculiarities on contact vertical grids have been considered, which allowed to obtain functional dependences for heat and mass exchange coefficients determination taking into account the cooling tower sprinkling devices design peculiarities under consideration.
Assessment of the quality of drinking water of the Republic of Kalmykia by trace element composition
Authors: Kh Sangadzhieva L , Davaeva Ts D , Sangadzhieva O S , Yessenamanova M S , Manzhikova A V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The article presents the data of the environmental assessment of the degree of contamination of drinking waters of Kalmykia. The assessment based on analyses of drinking waters of the republic’s districts, monitoring of drinking sources for 10 years, calculation of pollution coefficients. Today, 45 settlements of the republic, where 70.2% of the population of Kalmykia lives, provided with centralized and mixed drinking water supply. Residents of 140 settlements with a population of 60 thousand people (20.5% of the total population) in 4 districts (Iki-Burul, Priyutnensky, Oktyabrsky, Yashkulsky, Lagansky districts) are provided with imported water and delivered by special water carriers, water is delivered by rail from Dagestan to Ulan-Hall station. As representative indicators, the ratio of calculations of the values of excess of MPC by macro- and microelement composition was chosen. The results obtained rank the SRM by water quality class as, very clean in three rural municipalities (SRM), moderately dirty make up the majority - nine SRM, polluted and dirty - three SRM. This assessment of water quality coincides with the assessment of water exceeding the standards for individual indicators. A high value of this indicator indicates possible sources of pollution.
Problems of improving the regulatory and methodological base of metrological support
Authors: Priimak E V , Razina I S 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The global mechanisms of modern society, including the formation of a global market and the expansion of foreign and domestic trade have led to increased demands on the quality of products and services. Information about the quantity and quality of manufactured products is obtained as a result of measurements. Metrological activity has a significant impact on the acceleration of scientific and technological progress, improvement of product quality and production efficiency. Therefore, the interrelation of the level of metrological support with indicators of product quality, rational use of energy and raw material resources is obvious. All this causes growth of requirements to the accuracy of used measures (mass, length, volume).
Simulation of ionospheric parameters for September 2017
Authors: Maltseva O , Nikitenko T , Kharakhashyan A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Modeling the parameters of the ionosphere is an important part of the process of studying the influence of space weather factors. This paper is devoted to modeling three parameters of the ionosphere (critical frequency foF2, total electron content TEC, and equivalent slab thickness τ) related to the possibility of determining foF2 on a global scale using TEC. Comparison of the model τ(IRI), τ(IRI-Plas) adapted to the observational TEC, τ(NSTM) with the observational median τ(med) for four ionosondes along the 30° E meridian in September 2017 showed the best fit for the IRI-Plas model. Using a polynomial approximation of τ(med) and the distribution of TEC along this meridian in the range of 30° N-70° N, the features of the response of TEC and foF2 to disturbances in September 2017 were revealed. The results for September 7-8, which showed positive enhancements of TEC and foF2, coincide with the results of other researchers. The similarity of this response with the response to the disturbance on September 27-28, which is not associated with a solar flare, is revealed. It is shown that the unique enhancement on September 11 during the magnetic storm recovery phase, identified in the Asian-Australian sector (Lei et al., 2018), is not observed at the 30° E meridian. The global longitudinal distributions of TEC at latitudes of 50° and 30° showed the locality of this phenomenon.
Conditions for effective detection of the boundary between the oil-covered and clean sea surface in the IR range
Authors: Novikova Yu A , Ryzhikov M B 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study is devoted to evaluating the most effective conditions that allow detecting oil pollution on the water surface using an on-board lidar operating in the infrared range. The results of the CO2 – lidar simulation show that even in the presence of a highly agitated sea surface, difficult weather conditions and low optical visibility, it is possible to search for the boundary between the water surface and oil from a flight altitude of 250-300 meters.
Cathodic protection of main oil pipeline
Authors: Skuridin N N , Tyusenkov A S , Bugai D E 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Corrosion damage to metal is one of the main factors that reduce the safety of operation of main pipelines. It is known that about 70 % of pipeline failures occur due to metal corrosion. Electrochemical protection in combination with non-metallic coatings is currently the main method to prevent aggressive effects of corrosive media on main pipelines. The use of these methods of protecting pipelines has a number of difficulties that can be associated with the use of several protective coatings of different types and conditions on one oil pipeline; use of cathodic stations of different design and efficiency; Lack of a system to monitor electrochemical protection objects; difficulties arising during operation of anode grounding electrodes and comparison electrodes. Under these conditions, bringing the technical condition of the anti-corrosion protection system of the main oil pipelines to the level corresponding to the modern requirement of industrial safety is an important task that allows improving the safety and reliability of pipeline transport facilities. The article provides an analysis of the operation of cathodic protection units of the Kaltasy-Yazykovo main oil pipeline and the results of calculations on optimizing the modes of the cathode stations.
Properties and indicators of metrological reliability of measuring items
Authors: Zhirnova E A , Yakimova L D , Kuzmich R I , Snezhko A A , Zhoga R A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The issues of metrological reliability of measuring items are investigated. The conceptual terminology of the theory of reliability is analyzed in relation to measuring items. The regulatory and technical requirements for the reliability of measuring items are considered. The classification of failures of measuring items is carried out. A model is constructed in the form of a tree diagram that characterizes the properties and indicators of the reliability of measuring items. The necessity of standardization of regulatory and technical requirements for the metrological reliability of measuring items is substantiated.
Application of strain-sensitive graphite layers on fabric
Authors: Lozitskaya A V , Kondratov A P 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The possibility of manufacturing wearable electronics elements, for example, strain gauges or antennas of RFID tags, by applying or locally applying a layer of electrically conductive graphite polymer compositions to the surface of a fabric (knitwear) using printing technologies has been studied. The pliable tape-shaped prints can be used as strain gauges to be placed on human clothing or robot arms. The tensile limits of sensors made on fibrous substrates of various structures using graphite dispersions in the form of powders and aerosols have been established. The strain sensitivity coefficients of the sensors are determined. The advantage of glueless spraying of a liquid composition of graphite in the form of an aerosol onto fibrous materials is shown.
Synthesis technique for control of a CMG Stabilization of an inverted pendulum which does not require repeated code generation
Authors: Prutskii A S , Mikhalkov N V , Vasiliev E Y 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The article presents a synthesis technique for controlling the stabilization of a reverse pendulum, which does not require repeated code generation when making changes to the parameters of the control object. The problem of developing a feedback control system for a reverse pendulum controlled by a gyrodine is considered. The main tool for developing a control system is a combination of a real-time control system based on STM32 and an external computer based on ROS.
Tip vortex trajectory in proximity to the heliport
Authors: Ruchala P , Stryczniewicz W 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe last decade has brought a significant increase in the number of heliports built in Poland mostly for medical purposes to enable helicopter medical transport directly to the hospital. Some hospitals, however, could not build ground-level heliports due to limited space in densely populated areas. The solution to this problem can be elevated rooftop heliports. The main drawback of elevated heliports can be vibrations of the whole building, caused primarily by unsteady rotor slipstream which impinges on the heliport surface during take-off and landing. It is especially awkward in case of medical heliports due to strict vibration requirements. The frequency of these vibrations is known to equal a blade passing frequency of about 25 Hz for the Eurocopter EC-135 that is commonly used by, e.g. Polish medical service. However, the pressure measurements made by the authors showed that a low-frequency component of pressure oscillations of a significant amplitude is recorded in the outer part of the rotor disc. To explain the source of this component, we performed a PIV measurement of the velocity field in rotor slipstream. An object of investigation was the remotely controlled T-REX 450 Pro helicopter with a rotor diameter of 0.7 m. A key conclusion is that tip vortices from blade tips are located roughly along the Archimedean spiral, but vortices distanced from the blade tip shift up and down (or towards the blade tip and rotor axis) in a periodical manner.
Application of unsupervised machine learning techniques to assessment of quality habitat
Authors: Kirichenko-Babko M , Danko Y , Danylkiv J , Babko R , Majerek D 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As a result of human activities, river valleys have changed: river beds have been transformed as a result of their regulation and dam construction. This paper presents unsupervised machine learning techniques to distinguish arthropod communities and attempts to explain the ecological priorities of individual species based on them. Data on a group of 95 species of carabid beetles from 16 habitats on the floodplains of two rivers - Bytytsia and Strilka (Dnipro basin, Ukraine). Analyses were performed using the program R version 4.1.1. Fuzzy clustering was performed using the fanny function from the R cluster package, and visualization of the results was performed using the t-SNE method from the Rtsne package. In our analysis, the following habitat type characteristics were chosen to distinguish communities: closed (forest) or open (grassland). According to the results of fuzzy clustering, out of 95 carabid species, 37 species were selected whose probability of belonging to their cluster was at least 0.95. These species form distinct three groups. The first group of carabid species is associated with forest sites in Bytytsia. The second group is connected with occurrence on meadow sites in Strilka. The third group of species is connected mainly with the meadow sites of the Bytytsia River. Established groups of species reflect the current ecological situation on floodplains and the influence of human activities on it.
Evaluation of the efficiency of the mixing system of the laboratory SBR-type reactor
Authors: Staniszewski M , Zaburko J , Babko R , Szulżyk-Cieplak J , Widomski M K , Szeląg B , Łagód G 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Requirements for the continuous improvement of the quality of wastewater discharged to a receiving water body have led to the development of many devices used in biological treatment. Current research in water and wastewater solutions often focuses on finding energy-efficient solutions that have the least negative impact on the environment while reducing operating costs. Treatment systems commonly use the properties of microorganism structures in the form of activated sludge flocs to remove organic and nutrient compounds contained in wastewater. An important part of this solution is the use of a mixing and aeration system in the appropriate configuration. In a wastewater treatment plant with a biological part operating with SBR technology, many types of mixing equipment are used. This article presents the use of an innovative mixing system in sequential batch bioreactors in which activated sludge is the process medium.