bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on patterns of use of mobile phone and nomophobia in medical undergraduate students during a COVID-19 pandemic lockdown
Authors: Bhatnagar P. , Tarachandra S. , Undaru S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe governments of various countries enforced a lockdown to contain the COVID -19 pandemic. As the colleges remain closed, the academic teachings for students was conducted online. The mobile phone remained the main source for academics and entertainment during this period.ObjectivesTo assess patterns of use of mobile phone by Medical Undergraduate students prior to and during the COVID-19 lockdown. To assess Nomophobia among same participants.MethodsThis study was done by an online survey method after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. A validated questionnaire on patterns of mobile phone use and the Nomophobia Questionnaire(NMP-Q) was completed by the medical students (n=187) who consented to participate in the studyResultsPrior to the pandemic lockdown, 52.9% of the participants used the mobile phones for 2-4 hours per day with 78% of the usage in social media. During lockdown, 89.3% of the participants reported an increase in the usage of mobile phones. 35.65% reported an increase in use by 2-4 hours everyday. About 30.5 % used the mobile phone for 6-8 hours per day. 80.2 % reported a maximum usage for social media. 59.45% reported a maximum usage for online academics. 33.7% frequently checked their phones once in 15 minutes. About 60.43% of the participants were in the moderate and 21.4% in the severe category of nomophobia.ConclusionsThere is an increase in mobile phone usage during the lockdown with a significant proportion of students in the moderate and severe category of nomophobia.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Can social media be beneficial for eating disorders?
Authors: Jordan G. Lladó , García M.D.C. Díaz , Cano M. Miguel , Cubo M. Jiménez , Díez B. Lozano , Martín A. Santos , Esteban P. Sánchez , Sánchez P. Mediavilla , Del Barrio J.A. Gómez , Ayesa-Arriola R. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionEating Disorders are a frequent pathology, particularly among teenagers, a group characterized by its vulnerability and body dissatisfaction. Social networks (SN) can be a gateway to ED, mainly with Pro-Ana and Pro-Mia resources. Despite the aforementioned, SN can also be helpful for professionals, either as a tool of approach to vulnerable groups or as a way of interaction in patients already diagnosed.ObjectivesTo study the relationship between ED and SN, using the open access evidence available in Pubmed over the last 5 years.MethodsA single-phase computerised search was carried out in Pubmed. The search terms were: (“Anorexia Nervosa”[Mesh] OR “Bulimia Nervosa”[Mesh] OR “Feeding and Eating Disorders”[Mesh] OR “Eating Disorders”[Tiab] OR “Eating Disorder”[Tiab] OR “Disorder, Eating”[Tiab] OR “Disorders, Eating”[Tiab] OR “Anorexia”[Tiab] OR “Bulimia”[Tiab]) AND (“blogging”[Mesh] OR “social media”[Mesh]). The filters applied were: “free Full Text” and publications for the last 5 years.Results36.84% studied SN as a positive tool for ED. 47.37% revealed negative influence, only 44.44% focused on Pro-Ana and Pro-Mia. 15.79% provided both positive and negative arguments. The most studied SN were Twitter and Facebook.ConclusionsDespite the known negative effect that SN can have on ED, they can also be used as a supportive recovery framework. They can be used to identify dangerous behaviours and intervene or as a prevention tool.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
How to reduce the number of children awaiting the diagnosis of intellectual disability in Brazil?
Authors: Tafla T. , Brunoni D. , Carreiro L.R. , Seabra A. , Da Silva L. , Rossi A.C. , Santos P.H. Dos , Teixeira M.C. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn Brazil there is high number of children with Intellectual Disability (ID) who begin basic education but did not receive a diagnosis. The basic education teachers can be important agents in identifying signs of ID in the student so that they can be referred to health services.ObjectivesTo develop and implement a decision-making model for basic education teachers to identify students with predictive signs of ID.MethodsThe sample was composed by 51 teachers from 20 public schools and their 1758 students eligible for the study enrolled in a educational network in São Paulo state, Brazil. A standardized model was developed for the evaluation process using an open-source software named BONITA. For the screening of students with ID signs the teachers answered a checklist based on the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-5 and the students were evaluated with neuropsychological test WASI (Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence) and neuropsychiatric assessment. A Classification Based on Association Rules (CBA) generated the predictive models of sensitivity for confirming ID from the items in the checklists.Results35 children had suspected ID. The CBA showed an accuracy of 82%, identifying only 1 false-negative case and 3 false-positive cases for ID. According to the teachers, the most accurate signs were deficits in abstract thinking skills, deficits in communication and conversation and difficulties in emotional regulation in social interactions.ConclusionsThe decision-making model by elementary school teachers to identify students with ID showed high levels of sensitivity and can help the waiting for diagnosis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The role of self-esteem in the regulation of students’ mental states
Authors: Kartasheva M. , Klimanova A. , Prokhorov A. , Chernov A. , Yusupov M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionStudied the role of self-esteem in the regulation of mental states in the educational activities of students.ObjectivesThe aim of the research is to reveal the interrelationships of states’ substructures (mental processes, experiences, behavior) with the level of self-esteem of students.MethodsThe study involved 69 students of the 1st and 2nd year, all humanities. The study was carried out in various situations of educational activity: at lectures, seminars, exams. Used the methods to study mental states, style of self-regulation and self-esteem.ResultsFound that as the level of self-esteem increases, the intensity of mental states’ substructures also increases, and vice versa. As a result of ANOVA use, found that the regulatory properties “independence” (p <0.001) and “ability to program actions” (p <0.002) exert the greatest influence on the interaction of mental states and self-esteem. In lectures, seminars students with a low level of self-esteem mostly experience states of low intensity. Students with an average level of self-esteem are characterized by positive states of an increased level of intensity: from cheerfulness and anticipation to interest and fun. Students with high self-esteem experience mental states different in modality, intensity. As the level of self-esteem increases, the intensity of mental states’ substructures manifestation increases, and vice versa.ConclusionsAverage self-esteem is most optimal for the regulation of mental states. In the case of high self-esteem, the most optimal states are experienced when the subject is highly independent. Low self-esteem students, experience the least intense states. This work was supported by the RFBR grant № 20-013-00076.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The effectiveness of mental states’ self-regulation of students in the course of educational activities
Authors: Kartasheva M. , Klimanova A. , Prokhorov A. , Chernov A. , Yusupov M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionStudied the psychological mechanisms of mental states’ self-regulation of students in the course of the educational activities: at lectures, seminars and exams.ObjectivesThe main aims of the study were: 1. To identify the typical methods and techniques of mental states’ self-regulation and regulatory abilities in everyday and stressful conditions of educational activity; 2. To establish the relationships between the quality of subject training, regulatory abilities and states of students; 3. To study the influence of mental structures (semantic, reflective) on self-regulation and regulatory abilities of students.MethodsTo solve these problems used a bank of 23 techniques, including 303 indicators. 260 1-st year students took part in the research (aged 18-20).ResultsAs a result of the research, identified the states typical for lectures, seminars, exams. Comparison of mental states characteristics of humanities students and students of natural sciences did not reveal any differences. Among the mental states of highly effective students, particular importance have the cognitive mental states: interest, thoughtfulness and concentration. Found that the effectiveness of students’ mental states self-regulation affects the productivity of passing the semester exam. The most commonly used methods are introspection (withdrawal), self-control, the use of logic, a positive attitude and search activity. This pattern is typical for both mathematics and psychology students.ConclusionsFound that students with high self-regulation efficiency more often use a wide range of regulatory technics. Established the properties of personality, providing high efficiency of self-regulation, these are: adequacy, awareness, independence and assertiveness. This work was supported by the RFBR grant № 19-29-07072.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Dhat syndrome: A case report on a culture-bound challenge
Authors: Ilzarbe L. , Ilzarbe D. , Arbelo N. , Llach C. , Anmella G. , Vieta E. , Murru A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDhat Syndrome is a culture-bound entity frequent in the Indian subcontinent. It is characterized by somatic symptoms, together with depressive and anxiety features, specifically focused on the belief of losing semen through urine1.ObjectivesTo describe an atypical Dhat Syndrome case in European cultural context,and to determine the appropriate diagnostic frame and subsequent therapeutic approach.MethodsWe present the case of a 37-year-old Indian man attended in our psychiatric outpatient unit mainly due to somatic complaints (gastrointestinal, sexual dysfunction, weakness, and dizziness). He interpreted his problem as possibly due to diabetes and hypothyroidism, and specifically from sugar loss in urine. Organic diseases were excluded.ResultsAlthough considered as culture-bound, Dhat syndrome has been classified as a subtype of depression, anxiety disorder, somatoform disorder2,3,4, and even a prodromal phase of schizophrenia5. Antidepressants and benzodiazepines are the most recommended pharmacological treatments1. Antipsychotic agents have been used when clear psychotic symptoms were present (auditory hallucinations,delusions)5. Nonetheless, paliperidone 6mg/d was initiated at baseline, with good response and partial remission of the symptoms at two weeks, despite the absence of clear psychotic features. Culturally-informed cognitive-behavioural therapy, as well as sexual education could be beneficial were planned and initiated1.ConclusionsData on Dhat Syndrome is scarce, yet agreement exist in considering the cultural context of the patient to avoid diagnostic delays. The adequate treatment remains uncertain. Antipsychotics may be a potential treatment. Further research is necessary to clarify the nature of this syndrome but European clinicians must be aware of culturally-mediated psychiatric manifestations which are increasingly prevalent due to globalization.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Behavioral disturbances in porencephaly. Report of a case
Authors: Rodriguez L. Soldado , Barea M. ValverDe , Solis M.O. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPorencephaly is a neurological condition that can develop before or after birth, characterized by cysts located in any place inside the brain parenchyma, which generally are covered by plain walls and encircled by an atrophic crust. It generates a very variable clinic appearance, with severe cases of high disability and slight cases with a light neurological involvement, which also can go unnoticed until adulthood. The prevalence is unknow and the inheritance is autosomal dominant Male patient of 45 years diagnosed with porencephaly with cerebral palsy that affects left half and cognitive disability. His father reports an emerging defiant behavior, mutism and decrease of appetite from a week ago. No triggering stress factors are reported.ObjectivesShow the importance of include in the differential diagnose hypoactive confusional syndrome.MethodsOn urgent medical visit, male comes with ataxic gates which wasn’t shown before. Inhibited attitude, semiflexed staring at floor, with sparing and monosyllabic speech answers, verbalizing discomfort and personal concern. Sleep-wake rhythm disruptions.ResultsBlood tests and drug screening shows no abnormalities Cranial CT: Without acute lesion Urinary infection observed.ConclusionsIt is important to make complementary test to exclude organic frames which could justify acute-subacute psychopathology. In this case, diagnosis was acute confusional syndrome, however, most known presentation is the hyperactive one which include motor hyperactivity, inappropriate behavior or disorganization and alterations of sensory perception. Hypoactive must always be considered, which is the concluding diagnosis in this case.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Genome-wide association studies in psychiatry: Current perspectives
Authors: Smajlagic D. , Zayats T. , Bekkehus M. , Le Hellard S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract BodyGenome-wide Association Studies in Psychiatry - Current Perspectives Last decade was exciting time for human genetic studies. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs), used to examine the association of genotyped variants across the entire genome and common complex phenotype(s), have led to many findings. Currently, GWAS Catalogue has collected 4,809 publications and 227,262 associated variants. In recent years, psychiatric genetics has enjoyed some success in discoveries of associated variants. This mostly happened because researchers were able to unite and generate large sample sets of patients and healthy controls in big consortia. As a result of large sample sizes becoming available for meta-GWASs, some of the first genome-wide significant loci in psychiatric and related neurodevelopmental traits were detected. However, most of the large-scale genetic studies are done primarily on European population and GWASs have huge diversity problem. Performing trans-ethnic GWASs on psychiatric traits can help us discover more associated variants. Another advantage of bringing many datasets together into large-scale meta-analyses is the ability to conduct cross-disorder studies. This is possible to be done on psychiatric traits since many of them share genetic liability. However, little research has been conducted on the genetic differences between related psychiatric traits. Identifying disorder-specific variants remain important open question. In this presentation we will bring an update of recent findings and current state of the art methods and analyses.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Should we despecialize the training? Postgraduate training in psychiatry in the time of the COVID-19 outbreak in poland: Challenges & solutions
Authors: Szczegielniak A. , Gondek T. , Rewekant A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic forced a change in the functioning of health care systems across the globe, requiring rapid adaptation to new conditions for the safe provision of services within all medical fields. General disruption has also affected the traditional program of a postgraduate training, which has been so far fixed with temporary solutions, but not given a proper evaluation in the times of big expectations and pressures from both patients and healthcare workers.ObjectivesOutbreak of the COVID-19 put psychiatry trainees and Early Career Psychiatrists in an unprecedented position of responsibility for treatment of a variety of comorbidities they had no prior experience with due to closure of specialized hospital departments and limited access to regular diagnostic tools. In addition to changes in clinical practice and deployment to unfamiliar ground, rescheduling of different components of regular training, transferring most of the educational activities to distance learning, limiting professional growth by canceling most courses and conferences only strengthened the feeling of uncertainty caused by constant adjustments of the final examinations’ conditions.MethodsThe Speciality Training Section of the Polish Psychiatric Association decided to review changes forced by the COVID-19 outbreak in a traditional postgraduate training program in psychiatry.ResultsIdentified shortcomings pose questions about the necessity of a solid revision of the training in order to cope with more demanding working conditions.ConclusionsPresented recommendations may be the starting point for a discussion on the programs’ evaluation across the entire region.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on gender-based violence in Tunisia
Authors: Sediri S. , Zgueb Y. , Aissa A. , Ouali U. , Nacef F. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionViolence against women is a public health problem worldwide. During humanitarian crises such as wars, violence expands mainly to the detriment of the most vulnerable groups.ObjectivesThis study aims to assess the effect of the COVID-19-related lockdown on gender-based violence.MethodsThis study was conducted using an online survey, between April 25 and May 6, 2020. Women were asked about sociodemographic information, lockdown conditions, history involving exposure to violence before and during the COVID-19 lockdown and its types.ResultsThe number of included participants was 751. The age ranged from 18 to 69 years. Violence against women increased significantly during the lockdown (from 4.4 to 14.8%; p < 0.001). Psychological abuse was the most frequent type of violence (96%). Almost 90% (n = 98) of those who experienced violence during the lockdown did not seek assistance. Women who had experienced abuse before the lockdown were at an increased risk of violence during lockdown (p < 0.001; OR = 19.34 [8.71–43.00]).Conclusions
Strengthening strategies to protect women during periods of crisis is urgent. However, a change in mentalities would take more time to set up. Violence against women necessitates a fundamental long-term struggle and practical intervention strategies.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Depression in multiple sclerosis: RS-FMRI research
Authors: Temniy A. , Markin K. , Poplyak M. , Trufanov A. , Tarumov D. , Litvinenko I. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating and neurodegenerative disorder of the CNS, which incapacitates people of working age. Due to progressive disability, the quality of life decreases, adding a number of other diseases to the main one. Several studies have reported high rates of depression in MS with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 50%.ObjectivesTherefore, we would like to pattern the functional activation of the brain of patients with different phenotypes of MS. This would objectify the patient’s condition and the effectiveness of therapy for these diseases.Methods68 patients with MS were examined: 40 with a relapsing-remitting type of course (RRMS) in remission and 28 with secondary - progressive MS (SPMS). Patients underwent MRI of the brain on a Siemens Tim Trio 3.0 T tomograph and processed the data using CONN 18b software. Clinical features were estimated by tests (BDI, HADS) results.Results91% of all MS patients in research have signs of depression. We noted that decreased FC in RRMS patients has a whole-brain type, but it is only decreasing, not losing the connections between brain clusters. Decreased FC and losing the connections between large-scale brain networks and brain clusters. Due to tests, more severe depression was observed in SPMS patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that patients with SPMS have depression, cause of decreasing in FC between the main clusters of the brain, and patients with SPMS have more severe depression, which, as we assume, neurodegeneration has turned into atrophy and loosing all connections between clusters even in large-scale brain networks.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Experiences of fear in hospital settings from the perspectives of mental health service users and informal caregivers
Authors: Lantta T. , Anttila M. , Varpula J. , Välimäki M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn the literature, service users and informal caregivers have been critical towards psychiatric inpatient care. However, little is known about their fears related to hospital care.ObjectivesWe describe service users’ and informal caregivers’ experiences of fear in psychiatric hospital settings.MethodsThe data were collected from seven mental health associations located in six Finnish cities. Focus group interviews (f=8) were conducted (2015–2016) with service users (n=20) and informal caregivers (n=15), and were guided to focus on violence and challenging situations in psychiatric care. In a secondary analysis, experiences of fear were extracted from the transcriptions and analyzed using inductive content analysis.ResultsBoth groups’ experiences of fear focused on themes related to staff, treatment and fellow patients. Additionally, service users had experiences of fear related to the hospital environment. Fears related to staff involved intimidating personnel using force or acting in threatening ways. Participants also described staff seemingly being afraid of patients and care givers. Three types of fears related to treatment were described: fear of not being admitted to hospital even if needed, fear of being admitted to hospital, and fear of coercive methods used in care. Fear of fellow patients involved being afraid of aggressive, unpredictable behaviors, which could cause, e.g., a lack of sleep at night for service users. Fears related to the environment itself were also discussed.ConclusionsBeing hospitalized can be a difficult experience for service users and informal caregivers. These results can help psychiatric healthcare staff acknowledge areas in care that may potentially cause feelings of fear.DisclosureNo significant relationships.