bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteoglycans orchestrate remodeling of prostatic cytoarchitecture after androgenic blockade in old gerbils
Authors: Campos Silvana G. P. , Gonçalves Bianca F. , Ruiz Thalles Fernando Rocha , Leonel Ellen Cristina R. , Ribeiro Daniele L. , Falleiros Junior Luiz Roberto , Goes Rejane M. , Taboga Sebastião R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate modifications in proteoglycan morphology and composition in the prostatic stroma of 18‐month‐old gerbils after surgical castration, in association or not with an androgenic blockade.MethodsThe animals (n = 5) were sorted into groups subjected or not to antiandrogen treatment (flutamide 10 mg/kg/day) administered for the total postsurgery period and euthanized at 7‐ or 30‐day postcastration; the control group consisted of intact animals. Tissue analysis included immunohistochemical assessment (perlecan and chondroitin sulfate) and proteoglycan morphology was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy.ResultsChondroitin sulfate frequency was increased 7 days postcastration with an androgenic blockade. The presence of these carbohydrates was rare after 30 days of androgenic blockade treatment. There was a significant increase in the amount of perlecan in the prostate stroma from groups subjected to castration plus flutamide for 7 or 30 days. Ultrastructural analysis showed that the incidence of areas occupied by proteoglycans and basement membrane was altered by treatment. In addition, androgenic blockade results in changes in the amount, thickness, and morphology of these structures. At 30 days postcastration, with or without flutamide treatment, larger proteoglycans were common.ConclusionsIn this study, in particular, the decrease in chondroitin sulfate after the longer period might be understood as a prostatic response to androgenic deprivation, while the high frequency and permanence of perlecan led to the assumption that its modulation could be androgen‐independent. Length and form alterations in proteoglycans as well as associations among them and with the basement membrane were dynamic events in the prostate microenvironment.
Asymptotic stabilization for switched affine systems with time delay: A novel dynamic event‐triggered mechanism
Authors: Xie Hongzhen , Zong Guangdeng , Yang Dong , Chen Yunjun , Shi Kaibo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article concentrates on the asymptotic stabilization problem of switched affine systems (SASs) with unmeasurable states and time delay by constructing a novel dynamic event‐triggered mechanism (ETM). Given the limited network transmission and the difficulties caused by affine terms in excluding the triggering Zeno behavior, we propose a novel dynamic ETM. It has been shown that the dynamic ETM not only has fewer data transfers than the existing ETM but also avoids Zeno behavior while maintaining asymptotic stability. Then, by constructing a set of dynamic output feedback switched affine controllers and switching laws, delicately incorporating Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals, an asymptotic stabilization criterion is derived for the closed‐loop SASs. The design methods of the controllers and switching laws are skillfully implemented by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, an application example of the flyback DC–DC converter is offered to verify the proposed algorithm.
Semiclassics of three-dimensional SCFTs from holography
Authors: Cremonesi Stefano , Lanza Stefano , Martucci Luca 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We use holography to compute the large-N effective field theory along the moduli space of vacua of an infinite class of three-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFTs admitting a dual M-theory description. We focus in particular on toric models and show how the spectrum of large R-charge SCFT chiral scalar operators corresponds to a set of explicit semiclassical solutions of our effective field theory, which describe bound states of backreacting giant gravitons and baryonic-like M5-branes. Our semiclassical description allows for a direct computation of the scaling dimensions of these operators and provides a starting point for a semiclassical investigation of the SCFT data in the large R-charge sector. We consider the models corresponding to the Y12(ℙ2) and Q111 Sasaki-Einstein spaces as explicit examples.
5d Higgs branches from M-theory on quasi-homogeneous cDV threefold singularities
Authors: De Marco Mario , Sangiovanni Andrea , Valandro Roberto 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We classify rank zero 5d SCFTs geometrically engineered from M-theory on quasi-homogeneous compound Du Val isolated threefold singularities. For all such theories, we characterize the Higgs Branch, by computing the dimension, the continuous and discrete symmetry groups, as well as more refined details such as the charges of the hypermultiplets under these groups. We derive these data by means of a gauge-theoretic method, that we have recently introduced, based on establishing a correspondence between an adjoint Higgs field and the M-theory geometry. As a byproduct, this further allows us to construct several T-brane backgrounds, that yield inequivalent 5d spectra but are associated with the same geometry.
NLO QCD and EW corrections to off-shell tZj production at the LHC
Authors: Denner Ansgar , Pelliccioli Giovanni , Schwan Christopher 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The production of a single top quark in association with a Z boson (tZj production) at the LHC is a relevant probe of the electroweak sector of the Standard Model as well as a window to possible new-physics effects. The growing experimental interest in performing differential measurements for this process demands an improved theoretical modelling in realistic fiducial regions. In this article we present an NLO-accurate tZj calculation that includes complete off-shell effects and spin correlations, combining QCD and electroweak radiative corrections to the LO signal. Integrated and differential cross sections are shown for a fiducial setup characterised by three charged leptons, two jets, and missing energy.
All things retarded: radiation-reaction in worldline quantum field theory
Authors: Jakobsen Gustav Uhre , Mogull Gustav , Plefka Jan , Sauer Benjamin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We exhibit an initial-value formulation of the worldline quantum field theory (WQFT) approach to the classical two-body problem in general relativity. We show that the Schwinger-Keldysh (in-in) formalism leads to purely retarded propagators in the evaluation of observables in the WQFT. Integration technology for retarded master integrals is introduced at third post-Minkowskian (3PM) order. As an application we compute the complete radiation-reacted impulse and radiated four momentum for the scattering of two non-spinning neutron stars including tidal effects at 3PM order, as well as the leading (2PM) far-field gravitational waveform.
3D assessment of initial fracture displacement of tibial plateau fractures is predictive for risk on conversion to total knee arthroplasty at long-term follow-up
Authors: Assink Nick , Kraeima Joep , Meesters Anne M. L. , El Moumni Mostafa , Bosma Eelke , Nijveldt Robert J. , van Helden Sven H. , de Vries Jean-Paul P. M. , Witjes Max J. H. , IJpma Frank F. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Currently used classification systems and measurement methods are insufficient to assess fracture displacement. In this study, a novel 3D measure for fracture displacement is introduced and associated with risk on conversion to total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods
A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed including 997 patients treated for a tibial plateau fracture between 2003 and 2018. All patients were contacted for follow-up and 534 (54%) responded. For all patients, the 3D gap area was determined in order to quantify the degree of initial fracture displacement. A cut-off value was determined using ROC curves. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the association of 3D gap area with conversion to TKA. Subgroups with increasing levels of 3D gap area were identified, and Kaplan–Meier survival curves were plotted to assess survivorship of the knee free from conversion to TKA.

Results
A total of 58 (11%) patients underwent conversation to TKA. An initial 3D gap area ≥ 550 mm2 was independently associated with conversion to TKA (HR 8.4; p = 0.001). Four prognostic groups with different ranges of the 3D gap area were identified: excellent (0–150 mm2), good (151–550 mm2), moderate (551–1000 mm2), and poor (> 1000 mm2). Native knee survival at 10-years follow-up was 96%, 95%, 76%, and 59%, respectively, in the excellent, good, moderate, and poor group.

Conclusion
A novel 3D measurement method was developed to quantify initial fracture displacement of tibial plateau fractures. 3D fracture assessment adds to current classification methods, identifies patients at risk for conversion to TKA at follow-up, and could be used for patient counselling about prognosis.

Level of evidence
Prognostic Level III.
Detecting minimum energy states and multi-stability in nonlocal advection–diffusion models for interacting species
Authors: Giunta Valeria , Hillen Thomas , Lewis Mark A. , Potts Jonathan R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeriving emergent patterns from models of biological processes is a core concern of mathematical biology. In the context of partial differential equations, these emergent patterns sometimes appear as local minimisers of a corresponding energy functional. Here we give methods for determining the qualitative structure of local minimum energy states of a broad class of multi-species nonlocal advection–diffusion models, recently proposed for modelling the spatial structure of ecosystems. We show that when each pair of species respond to one another in a symmetric fashion (i.e. via mutual avoidance or mutual attraction, with equal strength), the system admits an energy functional that decreases in time and is bounded below. This suggests that the system will eventually reach a local minimum energy steady state, rather than fluctuating in perpetuity. We leverage this energy functional to develop tools, including a novel application of computational algebraic geometry, for making conjectures about the number and qualitative structure of local minimum energy solutions. These conjectures give a guide as to where to look for numerical steady state solutions, which we verify through numerical analysis. Our technique shows that even with two species, multi-stability with up to four classes of local minimum energy states can emerge. The associated dynamics include spatial sorting via aggregation and repulsion both within and between species. The emerging spatial patterns include a mixture of territory-like segregation as well as narrow spike-type solutions. Overall, our study reveals a general picture of rich multi-stability in systems of moving and interacting species.
Total atrial conduction time provides novel information in prediction for stroke in patients with sinus rhythm
Authors: Bejinariu A. G. , Schilling M. , Müller P. , Clasen L. , Gerguri S. , Angendohr S. , Katsianos S. , Schmidt J. , Brinkmeyer C. , Meuth S. G. , Kelm M. , Makimoto H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe total atrial conduction time (TACT) measured by echocardiography predicts the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aimed to investigate whether adding the TACT to the revised Framingham stroke risk profile (rFSRP) improves the efficacy of predicting stroke incidence in patients without prior stroke or known AF. The TACT was measured in 376 consecutive patients > 18 years (58.5 ± 16.3 years; 46% male) receiving echocardiography without any prior history of stroke or AF. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of ischemic stroke, and the secondary endpoint was any documentation of AF during the 2 years of follow-up. During the follow-up period, ischemic strokes occurred in 10 patients (2.65%), and AF in 22 patients (5.85%). The TACT was significantly longer in those who later had a stroke compared with those who did not (169.4 vs. 142.7 ms, p < 0.001). Both rFSRP and TACT predicted the risk for stroke incidence. The univariate model showed that the TACT was a predictor of ischemic stroke incidence (p < 0.001; hazard ratio of 1.94 for every 10 ms; 95% confidence interval, 1.49–2.54). The addition of TACT to rFSRP significantly improved the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.79 vs. 0.85, p = 0.001). Stroke risk prediction was significantly improved by the addition of TACT to rFSRP. The utility of the TACT should be further investigated in large-scale randomized clinical trials.
Effects of enactment in virtual reality: a comparative experiment on memory for action
Authors: Koßmann Cosima , Straatmann Tammo , Mueller Karsten , Hamborg Kai-Christoph 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVirtual reality (VR) is thought of as a promising educational medium, especially for learning actions, as it enables learning by enactment. Learning by enactment is associated with the enactment effect which describes a superior memory for enacted actions compared to actions which have not been enacted. To date, however, little is known about whether the enactment effect across different conditions of action learning can be found in VR which sets the stage for our first research question. Additionally, as a second research question, this study explores the extent to which the memory performance of learning by enactment in VR corresponds to learning by enactment in physical reality. We conducted a VR between subjects experiment with four groups (N = 112) that differed in terms of condition or environment. Participants were asked to remember short action phrases for a subsequent memory test. The results indicate that learning by enactment in VR outperforms learning by reading in VR but does not exceed observational learning in VR. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the memory performance of learning by enactment in VR is similar to that in physical reality. These findings are highly relevant as they demonstrate the potential of VR as a new educational medium supporting learning by enactment.
Ten years of Inuit co-management: advancing research, resilience, and capacity in Nunatsiavut through fishery governance
Authors: Cadman Rachael , Snook Jamie , Bailey Megan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCommunity-based approaches have risen to prominence in fisheries governance as decision makers have recognized the importance of local perspectives, and Indigenous Peoples have pursued their right to self-determination. In Canada, some Indigenous Peoples have pursued a formalized approach to co-management through land claim agreements. The Torngat Joint Fisheries Board (TJFB) is one such co-management arrangement that focuses on fisheries management in Nunatsiavut, a land claim area in northern Labrador, Canada. This research examines how the TJFB’s work contributes to fisheries governance in the region, and subsequently, how co-management is placed in terms of supporting greater self-determination for Indigenous peoples in resource governance. To understand the TJFB’s role, this research examined 12 years of recorded meeting minutes from 2010 to 2021, highlighting the activities in which the TJFB engages, and how those activities have changed over time. Inductive content analysis was used to understand the activities undertaken by the TJFB, highlighting their actions as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the co-management board in practice. The analysis found that the TJFB plays important roles in research, drafting recommendations, and public education, and that their activities support greater participation from fisheries stakeholders. Land claim–based co-management has a significant impact on how Indigenous sovereignty operates and how it will evolve into the future. The TJFB’s efforts to increase research capacity in the region, push focus towards the socio-cultural dimensions of fisheries management, and strengthen the political voice of the region represent an important move toward self-determination in Nunatsiavut’s commercial fisheries.
Visual authoring of virtual reality conversational scenarios for e-learning
Authors: Baena-Perez Rubén , Ruiz-Rube Iván , Mota José Miguel , Berns Anke , Balderas Antonio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has led to face-to-face activities being developed in a virtual format that often offers a poor experience in areas such as education. Virtual Learning Environments have improved in recent years thanks to new technologies such as Virtual Reality or Chatbots. However, creating Virtual Learning Environments requires advanced programming knowledge, so this work is aimed to enable teachers to create these new environments easily. This work presents a set of extensions for App Inventor that facilitate the authoring of mobile learning apps that use Chatbots in a Virtual Reality environment, while simultaneously monitoring of student activity. This proposal is based on integrating block-based languages and Business Process Model and Notation diagrams. The developed extensions were successfully implemented in an educational app called Let’s date!. A quantitative analysis of the use of these extensions in App Inventor was also carried out, resulting in a significant reduction in the number of blocks required. The proposed contribution has demonstrated its validity in creating virtual learning environments through visual programming and modelling, reducing development complexity.
Steuertarif nicht der richtige Hebel für gezielte Entlastungen
Authors: Rietzler Katja 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith the current high inflation, bracket creep is back on the agenda. The federal government has introduced a bill to compensate for this effect, among other things, by shifting income tax brackets. In the debate on bracket creep, the point of reference is very important. Results differ greatly depending on the period and the income concept considered. Moreover, the income tax burden must be seen in the context of the overall fiscal policy. The decision on tax rate adjustments is a political issue.
Neuroprotective Effect of miR-483-5p Against Cardiac Arrest-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction Mediated Through the TNFSF8/AMPK/JNK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Zhan Haohong , Liu Cong , Zhang Chenyu , Wei Hongyan , Li Bo , Zhou Dawang , Lu Yuanzheng , Huang Shaomin , Cheng Jingge , Li Shuhao , Wang Chuyue , Hu Chunlin , Liao Xiaoxing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSubstantial morbidity and mortality are associated with postcardiac arrest brain injury (PCABI). MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are essential regulators of neuronal metabolism processes and have been shown to contribute to alleviated neurological injury after cardiac arrest. In this study, we identified miRNAs related to the prognosis of patients with neurological dysfunction after cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, we explored the effects of miR-483-5p on mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis, and oxidative stress levels after ischemia‒reperfusion injury in vitro and in vivo. MiR-483-5p was downregulated in PC12 cells and hippocampal samples compared with that in normal group cells and hippocampi. Overexpression of miR-483-5p increased the viability of PC12 cells after ischemia‒reperfusion injury and reduced the proportion of dead cells. A western blot analysis showed that miR-483-5p increased the protein expression of PCG-1, NRF1, and TFAM and reduced the protein expression of Bax and cleaved caspase 3, inhibiting the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and alleviating oxidative stress injury by inhibiting the production of ROS and reducing MDA activity. We confirmed that miR-483-5p targeted TNFSF8 to regulate the AMPK/JNK pathway, thereby playing a neuroprotective role after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Hence, this study provides further insights into strategies for inhibiting neurological impairment after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and suggests a potential therapeutic target for PCABI.
Measuring Appearance-Related Comparisons: Validation of the Comparison Standards Scale for Appearance
Authors: Morina Nexhmedin , McCarthy Peter , Meyer Thomas , Schlechter Pascal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Humans constantly compare their attributes to different reference frames. According to the theoretical framework of the general comparative-processing model, such comparisons may be perceived as aversive (i.e., appraised as threatening the motives of the comparer) or appetitive (i.e., appraised as consonant with, or positively challenging the motives). However, we lack a measure that adequately captures multi-standard comparisons.

Methods
Considering appearance-related comparisons as a relevant comparison domain, we introduce the Comparison Standards Scale for Appearance (CSS-A) that assesses appearance-related social, temporal, counterfactual, criteria-based, and dimensional upward and downward comparisons regarding their (a) frequency, (b) perceived discrepancy, and (c) engendered affect. We administered the CSS-A to 1121 participants, along with measures of appearance social comparison, body satisfaction, physical self-concept, self-esteem, well-being, and depression.

Results
A two-factor model (aversive and appetitive comparisons) fit the data better than a bifactor model with an additional general domain-factor (comparative thinking). The validity of the CSS-A was supported by correlations with external validators beyond appearance, social comparison, and body satisfaction. Aversive comparisons displayed higher associations with most outcomes than appetitive comparisons.

Conclusions
Overall, the CSS-A offers a psychometrically sound and useful measure of multi-standard comparisons.
Living in sprawling areas: a cost–benefit analysis in Poland
Authors: Lityński Piotr 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSuburbanization still remains the key urbanization process in the world. Urban sprawl, as a specific manifestation of suburban morphology, belongs to the urban phenomena that is very often studied but still remains ambivalent. The ambivalence of the assessment results from the problems of weighing costs and benefits generated by sprawl. At the same time, there is a gap in international research on the costs and benefits of urban sprawl for households. Therefore, the aim of this article is to analyze and evaluate the household budgets in Poland in terms of potential costs and benefits of living in an urban sprawl area. The research hypothesis that households causing urban sprawl achieve net budgetary benefits was also adopted. In order to achieve the aim and verify the hypothesis, the data on the budgets of Polish households purchased from the Polish Central Statistical Office was used, and a questionnaire survey was carried out to determine the conclusions. The research hypothesis was not confirmed. The analysis and evaluation of many income and expenditure items of household budgets indicate that net costs in a significant group of budget items is high, while net benefits are relatively low. Households relocating to the sprawl zone, striving to meet their own needs, do not fully take into account all operating expenditures and ultimately incur net costs.