bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended seasonal prediction of spring precipitation over the Upper Colorado River Basin
Authors: Zhao Siyu , Fu Rong , Anderson Michael L. , Chakraborty Sudip , Jiang Jonathan H. , Su Hui , Gu Yu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study provides extended seasonal predictions for the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) precipitation in boreal spring using an artificial neural network (ANN) model and a stepwise linear regression model, respectively. Sea surface temperature (SST) predictors are developed taking advantage of the correlation between the precipitation and SST over three ocean basins. The extratropical North Pacific has a higher correlation with the UCRB spring precipitation than the tropical Pacific and North Atlantic. For the ANN model, the Pearson correlation coefficient between the observed and predicted precipitation exceeds 0.45 (p-value < 0.01) for a lead time of 12 months. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is below 20% and the Heidke skill score (HSS) is above 50%. Such long-lead prediction skill is probably due to the UCRB soil moisture bridging the SST and precipitation. The stepwise linear regression model shows similar prediction skills to those of ANN. Both models show prediction skills superior to those of an autoregression model (correlation < 0.10) that represents the baseline prediction skill and those of three of the North American Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME) forecast models. The three NMME models exhibit different skills in predicting the precipitation, with the best skills of the correlation ~ 0.40, MAPE < 25%, and HSS > 40% for lead times less than 8 months. This study highlights the advantage of oceanic climate signals in extended seasonal predictions for the UCRB spring precipitation and supports the improvement of the UCRB streamflow prediction and related water resource decisions.
Regression rate of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions in women younger than 25 years
Authors: Ehret Anne , Bark Victoria Naomi , Mondal Anne , Fehm Tanja Natascha , Hampl Monika 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background/purpose
The incidence and clinical course of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN 2/3) are age dependent. In CIN 3, the recommended treatment is conization, which increases the risk of cervical insufficiency or premature deliveries. But data concerning spontaneous regression of CIN 3 are rare.

Methods
Between 2007 and 2017, we identified 156 women under the age of 25 with CIN 2 (23%) or CIN 3 (77%), who had a consultation and were treated at the Colposcopy Unit, Hospital of Düsseldorf, Germany. This is a retrospective cohort study. These patients had colposcopical follow-ups every 4–6 months. Moreover, we analyzed various parameters to predict regression of cervical lesions in this age group.

Results
Patients diagnosed with CIN 2 showed regression in 88% (n = 30) and women with CIN 3 had a regression rate of 29% (n = 34). Complete regression was observed in 86.7% of CIN 2 and 47.1% of CIN3. Mean time to regression was 21 M (months) [2–70 M]. 70.9% of the patients were treated by surgery (LEEP) after persistence or progression. We identified several predictors for regression of CIN 2/3 in young women: the regression rate of CIN2 is significantly higher than CIN 3 (p < 0.001). Clearance of HPV infections had significantly higher rates of regression compared to persisting HPV infections (p < 0.001). HPV-vaccinated women showed significantly higher regression rates (p = 0.009).

Conclusions
These data show that an expectative close follow-up in women with CIN 3 younger than 25 is possible with regression rates of 29% also for CIN 3. Especially in women who were HPV vaccinated and those who cleared their HPV infection. A frequent colposcopical follow-up every 3–4 months is important for CIN 3 and every 6 months for CIN 2.
Effects of whole body vibration in postmenopausal osteopenic women on bone mineral density, muscle strength, postural control and quality of life: the T-bone randomized trial
Authors: Kienberger Yvonne , Sassmann Robert , Rieder Florian , Johansson Tim , Kässmann Helmut , Pirich Christian , Wicker Anton , Niebauer Josef 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeOsteopenia is common in postmenopausal women and effective interventions increasing or stabilizing bone mineral density (BMD) to prevent fractures are urgently needed.MethodsSixty-five postmenopausal women diagnosed with osteopenia (T-score between -1.0 and -2.5) were randomly assigned to either a vibration training group (VT), a resistance training group (RT), or a control group (CG). BMD T-score values (primary endpoint) were assessed at baseline (T0) and after 12 months (T12), secondary endpoints (muscle strength, postural control, and health-related quality of life) at baseline (T0), after 6 months (T6), after 12 months (T12), and as follow-up after 15 months (T15).ResultsAfter the intervention period, neither the VT nor the RT showed any significant changes in BMD T-score values compared to the CG. Isokinetic strength improved significantly within all training groups, with the exception of the flexors of VT at an angular velocity of 240°/s. Health-related quality of life as well as postural control improved significantly for the RT only.ConclusionsWe conclude that participants of all three groups were able to maintain their BMD. The improvements in quality of life and postural control after resistance training are nevertheless meaningful for postmenopausal osteopenic women and support the importance of regular loadings of the musculoskeletal system.This study was retrospectively registered in January 2022 at the DRKS (S00027816) as clinical trial.
Body composition dynamics and impact on clinical outcome in gastric and gastro-esophageal junction cancer patients undergoing perioperative chemotherapy with the FLOT protocol
Authors: Huemer Florian , Hecht Stefan , Scharinger Bernhard , Schlintl Verena , Rinnerthaler Gabriel , Schlick Konstantin , Heregger Ronald , Melchardt Thomas , Wimmer Angela , Mühlbacher Iris , Koch Oliver Owen , Neureiter Daniel , Klieser Eckhard , Seyedinia Sara , Beheshti Mohsen , Greil Richard , Weiss Lukas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Perioperative chemotherapy with FLOT constitutes a standard of care approach for locally advanced, resectable gastric or gastro-esophageal junction (GEJ) cancer. We aimed at investigating anthropometric, CT-based and FDG-PET-based body composition parameters and dynamics during this multidisciplinary approach and the impact on clinical outcomes.

Methods
This retrospective, single-center study was based on medical records and (FDG-PET)-CT images among gastric/GEJ cancer patients undergoing perioperative FLOT chemotherapy.

Results
Between 2016 and 2021, 46 gastric/GEJ cancer patients started perioperative FLOT at our tertiary cancer center (Salzburg, Austria). At a median follow-up of 32 months median PFS was 47.4 months and median OS was not reached. The skeletal muscle index (SMI, cm2/m2) turned out to be the only body composition parameter with a statistically significant decrease during pre-operative FLOT (51.3 versus 48.8 cm2/m2, p = 0.02). Neither pre-FLOT body mass index (BMI), nor SMI had an impact on the duration of pre-operative FLOT, the time interval from pre-operative FLOT initiation to surgery, the necessity of pre-operative or post-operative FLOT de-escalation or the likelihood of the start of postoperative chemotherapy. Pre-FLOT BMI (overweight versus normal, HR: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.02–0.65, p = 0.02) and pre-FLOT SMI (sarcopenia versus no sarcopenia, HR: 5.08, 95% CI: 1.27–20.31, p = 0.02) were statistically significantly associated with PFS in the multivariable analysis.

Conclusion
The statistically significant SMI loss during pre-operative FLOT and the meaningful impact of baseline SMI and BMI on PFS argue for the implementation of a nutritional screening and support program prior to the initiation of pre-operative FLOT in clinical routine.
Optimisation of the fermentation media to enhance the production of the bioactive isomer of vitamin menaquinone-7
Authors: Lal Neha , Seifan Mostafa , Berenjian Aydin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMenaquinone-7 (MK-7) offers significant health benefits; however, only the all-trans form is biologically active. MK-7 produced through fermentation can occur as all-trans and cis isomers, and the therapeutic value of the resulting MK-7 is exclusively determined by the quantity of the all-trans isomer. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of the media composition on the isomer profile obtained from fermentation and determine the optimum media combination to increase the concentration of the all-trans isomer and diminish the production of cis MK-7. For this purpose, design of experiments (DOE) was used to screen the most effective nutrients, and a central composite face-centred design (CCF) was employed to optimise the media components. The optimum media consisted of 1% (w/v) glucose, 2% (w/v) yeast extract, 2% (w/v) soy peptone, 2% (w/v) tryptone, and 0.1% (w/v) CaCl2. This composition resulted in an average all-trans and cis isomer concentration of 36.366 mg/L and 1.225 mg/L, respectively. In addition, the optimised media enabled an all-trans isomer concentration 12.2-fold greater and a cis isomer concentration 2.9-fold less than the unoptimised media. This study was the first to consider the development of an optimised fermentation media to enhance the production of the bioactive isomer of MK-7 and minimise the concentration of the inactive isomer. Furthermore, this media is commercially promising, as it will improve the process productivity and reduce the costs associated with the industrial fermentation of the vitamin.
Digital divide, craft firms’ websites and urban-rural disparities—empirical evidence from a web-scraping approach
Authors: Thonipara Anita , Sternberg Rolf , Proeger Till , Haefner Lukas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFollowing the “death of distance” postulate, digitalization may reduce or even eliminate the penalty of firms being located in rural areas compared with those in urban agglomerations. Despite many recent attempts to measure digitalization effects across space, there remains a lack of empirical evidence regarding the adoption of digital technologies from an explicit spatial perspective. Using web-scraping data for a sample of 345,000 small firms in Germany, we analyze the determinants of website prevalence. Comparing urban with rural areas, we show that running a website—as a proxy for the degree of digitalization of the respective firm—is highly dependent on location, whereby firms in urban areas are almost twice as likely to run websites compared with those located in rural areas. Our county-level analysis shows that a high population density, a young population and a high educational level have a positive and significant association with the probability that firms run websites. Surprisingly, we find a negative and significant association of gross domestic product per capita with website prevalence, which is driven by urban regions. There are no differences between urban, semi-urban and rural areas in terms of website up-to-dateness as well as social media prevalence. We conclude that there is a substantial digital divide and discuss policy implications.
Radiofrequency ablation reduces expression of SELF by upregulating the expression of microRNA-26a/b in the treatment of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Dai Min , Jiang Tao , Luo Cai-dong , Du Wei , Wang Min , Qiu Qing-yan , Wang Hu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of miR-26a and miR-26b in the management of AF.

Methods
Real-time PCR was carried out to determine plasma microRNA expression in AF patients pre- and post-radiofrequency ablation. The correlation between the expression of SELP and miR-26a/miR-26b was also studied using luciferase assays to establish a miR-26a/miR-26b/SELP signaling pathway.

Results
The relative expression of SELP reached its peak in pre-ablation AF ( +) patients, while ablation treatment reduced the expression of SELP in AF ( +) patients. Similarly, AF pigs showed dysregulation of miR-26a/b and SELP, thus verifying the involvement of miR-26a/b and SELP in AF. Meanwhile, the regulatory association between SELP and miR-26a/b was also investigated, and the results showed that the presence of pre-miR-26a/b increased the levels of miR-26a/b and inhibited the mRNA/protein expression of SELP. Finally, using bioinformatic tools and luciferase assays, SELP mRNA was confirmed as the target of miR-26a/b, which affected the effect of AF ablation treatment.

Conclusions
RFA helped to restore circulating levels of miR-26, which were reduced in atrial fibrillation. Meanwhile, miR-26 is a potential cause for the elevated plasma levels of pro-thrombogenic SELP in that disease.
Late Holocene paleoenvironmental changes inferred from multi-proxy studies of the Kholasht-Kouh Lake sediments in the Gilan mountains, northern Iran
Authors: Homami Totmaj Leila , Alizadeh Kammaledin , Behling Hermann 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPast vegetation and environmental changes and the role of climate as well as human activities are of major interest. The Hyrcanian region with a high number of endemic species has a poorly known paleoenvironmental history, especially the western region of northern Iran. This study aims to investigate a radiocarbon-dated sediment core of the Kholasht-Kouh Lake (KHL) for the recorded between ca. 510 and 1180 cal yr BP. KHL is located at 2000 m elevation and surrounded with steppe vegetation above the present-day forest line. Multi-proxy analyses including pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs, charcoal, loss on ignition, and X-ray fluorescence were applied to reconstruct past environmental dynamics. The results indicate the dominance of herbaceous vegetation (mainly Poaceae, Artemisia, and Amaranthaceae) around the lake during the whole record, except for the period between 1010 and 740 cal yr BP. During this period of the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (1000–700 cal yr BP) mixed forest increased, consisting mainly of Quercus, Fagus, Carpinus, and Juniperus. The K, Ti and Si elements (as indicators for increased in detrital inputs) suggest relatively humid condition between 1180 and 1010 cal yr BP. Furthermore, higher lake levels may indicate from low values of the Mn/Ti, Ca/Ti and Sr/Ti ratios. After 1010 until 740 cal yr BP the highest value of the Si/Fe ratio, suggested warmest period of the record. While the lowest value of the Si/Fe ratio, in line with the reduction of other elements and ratios, between 740 till 510 cal yr BP represented cold and dry period. Humans were present around the study area at least since beginning of the record, but did not played an important role impacting the vegetation.
Mashing load balancing algorithm to boost hybrid kernels in molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Nozal Raúl , Bosque Jose Luis 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe path to the efficient exploitation of molecular dynamics simulators is strongly driven by the increasingly intensive use of accelerators. However, they suffer performance portability issues, making it necessary both to achieve technological combinations that allow taking advantage of each programming model and device, and to define more effective load distribution strategies that consider the simulation conditions. In this work, a new load balancing algorithm is presented, together with a set of optimizations to support hybrid co-execution in a runtime system for heterogeneous computing. The new extended design enables the exploitation of custom kernels and acceleration technologies altogether, being encapsulated for the rest of the runtime and its scheduling system. With this support, Mash algorithm allows to simultaneously leverage different workload distribution strategies, benefiting from the most advantageous one per device and technology. Experiments show that these proposals achieve an efficiency close to 0.90 and an energy efficiency improvement around 1.80 over the original optimized version.
Design Principles for High QE HgCdTe Infrared Photodetectors for eSWIR Applications
Authors: Akhavan N. D. , Umana-Membreno G. A. , Gu R. , Antoszewski J. , Faraone L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study the limiting mechanisms and design criteria of HgCdTe photodetectors for extended shortwave infrared applications with ultra-high quantum efficiency (QE) in bothn-on-pandp-on-ntechnologies. Numerical and analytical models are employed in order to study the possibility of achieving ultra-high QE eSWIR detectors for the operational wavelengths of approximately 2.0 μm, and our study shows that by proper design of absorber layer and doping density, such a detector can be engineered. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) lifetime, absorber layer doping density and absorber layer thickness all have an impact on the quantum efficiency whether the detector is used as a small-area pixel element in a focal plane array or as a discrete large-area detector for sensing applications.
Human adenovirus (HAdV) infection in children with acute respiratory tract infections in Guangzhou, China, 2010–2021: a molecular epidemiology study
Authors: Chen Yi , Lin Tao , Wang Chang-Bing , Liang Wan-Li , Lian Guang-Wan , Zanin Mark , Wong Sook-San , Tian Xin-Gui , Zhong Jia-Yu , Zhang Ying-Ying , Xie Jia-Hui , Zheng Ling-Ling , Chen Fei-Yan , Dang Run , Zhao Ming-Qi , Yang Yi-Yu , Zhou Rong , Zhu Bing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Human adenovirus (HAdV) infection can cause a variety of diseases. It is a major pathogen of pediatric acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs) and can be life-threatening in younger children. We described the epidemiology and subtypes shifting of HAdV among children with ARI in Guangzhou, China.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of 161,079 children diagnosed with acute respiratory illness at the Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center between 2010 and 2021. HAdV specimens were detected by real-time PCR and the hexon gene was used for phylogenetic analysis.

Results
Before the COVID-19 outbreak in Guangzhou, the annual frequency of adenovirus infection detected during this period ranged from 3.92% to 13.58%, with an epidemic peak every four to five years. HAdV demonstrated a clear seasonal distribution, with the lowest positivity in March and peaking during summer (July or August) every year. A significant increase in HAdV cases was recorded for 2018 and 2019, which coincided with a shift in the dominant HAdV subtype from HAdV-3 to HAdV-7. The latter was associated with a more severe disease compared to HAdV-3. The average mortality proportion for children infected with HAdV from 2016 to 2019 was 0.38% but increased to 20% in severe cases. After COVID-19 emerged, HAdV cases dropped to 2.68%, suggesting that non-pharmaceutical interventions probably reduced the transmission of HAdV in the community.

Conclusion
Our study provides the foundation for the understanding of the epidemiology of HAdV and its associated risks in children in Southern China.
A Hybrid Account of Concepts Within the Predictive Processing Paradigm
Authors: Michel Christian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe seem to learn and use concepts in a variety of heterogenous “formats”, including exemplars, prototypes, and theories. Different strategies have been proposed to account for this diversity. Hybridists consider instances in different formats to be instances of a single concept. Pluralists think that each instance in a different format is a different concept. Eliminativists deny that the different instances in different formats pertain to a scientifically fruitful kind and recommend eliminating the notion of a “concept” entirely. In recent years, hybridism has received the most attention and support. However, we are still lacking a cognitive-computational model for concept representation and processing that would underpin hybridism. The aim of this paper is to advance the understanding of concepts by grounding hybridism in a neuroscientific model within the Predictive Processing framework. In the suggested view, the different formats are not distinct parts of a concept but arise from different ways of processing a functionally unified representational structure.
„Digitalisierung mit der Brechstange“?
Authors: Janschitz Gerlinde , Zehetner Elisabeth , Fernandez Karina 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Covid-19 Pandemie traf im Frühjahr 2020 auf die österreichische Schullandschaft und stellte Österreichs Schulen vor eine Ausnahmesituation. Die darauffolgenden Phasen des Distance Learning trieben auch Digitalisierungsprozesse im schulischen Bereich voran. In diesem Kontext kommt sowohl der technischen Ausstattung als auch den digitalen Kompetenzen der Schüler*innen große Relevanz zu – und dies birgt die Gefahr, dass sich durch einen Digital Divide bereits bestehende Ungleichheiten im Bildungssektor zuspitzen. Der vorliegende Beitrag beleuchtet daher mittels Daten aus einer Interviewstudie mit Lehrkräften, Schulleiter*innen, Mitarbeiter*innen psychosozialer Unterstützungssysteme und Schüler*innen Digitalisierungsprozesse im schulischen Bereich während der Pandemie. Diese Prozesse werden vor dem Hintergrund der Diskussion um digitale Ungleichheiten im Schulkontext diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie zeigen, dass es durch den Covid-bedingten Fernunterricht zu einem deutlichen Ausbau und einer gewissen Konsolidierung digitaler Formen des Lehrens und Lernens kam. Dennoch bleiben Probleme bestehen, die mit strukturellen Ungleichheiten verbunden sind. Zu Aufholprozessen für sozial benachteiligte Schüler*innen kam es nicht. Vielmehr schreiben sich jene Faktoren, die bereits vor der Pandemie für die tiefgreifenden Ungleichheiten im österreichischen Bildungssystem ausschlaggebend waren – wie sozioökonomischer Status, Bildungsstand der Eltern und kulturelles Kapital – auch im Distance Learning und im Arbeiten mit digitalen Medien weiter fort.
Reversible Oxygen-Rich Functional Groups Grafted 3D Honeycomb-Like Carbon Anode for Super-Long Potassium Ion Batteries
Authors: Cheng Na , Zhou Wang , Liu Jilei , Liu Zhigang , Lu Bingan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStudies have found that oxygen-rich-containing functional groups in carbon-based materials can be used as active sites for the storage performance of K+, but the basic storage mechanism is still unclear. Herein, we construct and optimize 3D honeycomb-like carbon grafted with plentiful COOH/C = O functional groups (OFGC) as anodes for potassium ion batteries. The OFGC electrode with steady structure and rich functional groups can effectively contribute to the capacity enhancement and the formation of stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film, achieving a high reversible capacity of 230 mAh g−1 at 3000 mA g−1 after 10,000 cycles (almost no capacity decay) and an ultra-long cycle time over 18 months at 100 mA g−1. The study results revealed the reversible storage mechanism between K+ and COOH/C = O functional groups by forming C-O-K compounds. Meanwhile, the in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy proved the highly reversible and rapid de/intercalation kinetics of K+ in the OFGC electrode, and the growth process of SEI films. In particular, the full cells assembled by Prussian blue cathode exhibit a high energy density of 113 Wh kg−1 after 800 cycles (calculated by the total mass of anode and cathode), and get the light-emitting diodes lamp and ear thermometer running.