bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic and single incision laparoscopic repair of Morgagni hernia in adults
Authors: Altın Önder , Kaya Selçuk , Sarı Ramazan 
Published: February 2022

Background: In this study, we aimed to compare multiple versus single incision laparoscopic repair of Morgagni hernia in adults and to investigate effectiveness and feasibility of both techniques.
Methods: Between January 2011 and March 2018, a total of 15 patients (5 males, 10 females; median age: 58.6 years; range, 36 to 70 years) who underwent laparoscopic or single-incision laparoscopic repair of Morgagni hernia were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients, perioperative data, and treatment outcomes were evaluated.
Results: The median follow-up was 38 (range, 11 to 84) months. Of the patients with Morgagni hernia, 12 were treated with laparoscopic and three were treated with single incision laparoscopic repair technique. Patient satisfaction was excellent for most of the patients in both groups. No recurrence was observed during follow-up.
Conclusion: Morgagni hernia is a very rare type of hernia in adults. Laparoscopic mesh-reinforced primary repair of Morgagni hernia should be one of the first choice in patients, particularly with large hernias that would cause tension on edges of the diaphragm when closed. Single incision laparoscopic repair of Morgagni hernia is also another laparoscopic option with high patient satisfaction.
Long-term results of coronary surgery with endoscopic vein harvesting
Authors: Kılıç Leyla , Ümit Güllü Ahmet , Şenay Şahin , Ersin Egemen , Çelik Özlem , Güzel Emine , Özge Çalışkan Neriman , Koçyiğit Muharrem , Alhan Cem 
Published: February 2022

Background: In this study, we aimed to evaluate early and longterm outcomes of both isolated or concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting with the endoscopic vein harvesting technique.
Methods: Between November 2012 and May 2017, a total of 324 patients (259 males, 65 females; mean age: 63.2±9.8 years; range, 36 to 91 years) who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting, with or without concomitant procedures, using the endoscopic vein harvesting technique were retrospectively analyzed. Early postoperative outcomes and long-term follow-up data of the patients, such as cardiovascular or cerebral events, cardiac reinterventions, and the images of coronary angiography were recorded.
Results: Median logistic EuroSCORE and in hospital mortality was 3.99 (0.8-81) vs. 0 .9% f or i solated c oronary surgery and 13.34 (1.5-76.4) vs. 1.5% for concomitant procedures. The long-term data could be obtained in 288 patients with a median of 59.6 (7-90) months of follow-up. During this period, 22 (7.6%) patients underwent coronary angiography for control or treatment, 12 (4.2%) patients needed revascularization, and none of the patients underwent redo coronary surgery.
Conclusion: Our study results suggest that the endoscopic vein harvesting technique during coronary artery bypass grafting is safe in experienced hands.
Effect of stent graft fixation types on pararenal aortic diameter and renal function after endovascular aortic repair
Authors: Sangtae Choi , Wonsuk Lee , Jinmo Kang , Doojin Kim , Daisik Ko 
Published: February 2022

Background: This study aims to identify pararenal aortic diameter changes following endovascular aortic repair and to investigate the effects of suprarenal fixation on renal function.
Methods: Between May 2006 and January 2019, a total of 168 patients (135 males, 33 females; mean age: 75.2±8.4 years; range, 48 to 93 years) who underwent endovascular aortic repair were retrospectively analyzed. To compare the effects of graft types, we measured the change in pararenal aortic diameter at four levels: below the celiac artery, below the superior mesenteric artery, at the lowest renal artery, and 1 cm below the lowest renal artery. To evaluate the effect of suprarenal fixation on renal function, serial measurements of serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate, creatinine clearance rate, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were made. We examined the factors related to post-procedural aortic diameter.
Results: The mean change in the aortic diameter was statistically significant, being 12.9±10% in the suprarenal fixation group and 6.19±6.9% in the infrarenal fixation group only at the lowest renal artery level (p=0.001). There was no significant difference in the rate of type I endoleak (p=0.330) or renal function and adverse events (p>0.107) between the groups. The formula for calculating post-procedural aortic diameter was as follows: post-procedural aortic diameter (renal artery level, mm) =1.845 (in case of suprarenal fixation) + 1.012 × pre-procedural aortic diameter (renal artery level, mm) + 0.029 × follow-up time (months) + 0.039 × oversizing (%) (R2=0.773, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Suprarenal fixation affects the infrarenal aortic diameter at the lowest renal artery level without significant type I endoleak. However, it does not result in significant renal dysfunction. Pre-procedural aortic diameter, computed tomography follow-up time, suprarenal fixation type, and stent oversizing are the only definite independent correlation factors for postprocedural aortic diameter. This formula can predict the change of aortic diameter after endovascular aortic repair.
Research on Design Optimization of High-Speed Ship Bulbous Bow Based on Nelder-Mead Algorithm
Authors: Jie Liu , Bao-Ji Zhang , Ning Xu 
Published: February 2022

In order to reduce the wave-making resistance of ships, this paper proposes an optimization design method for bulbous bow form based on potential flow theory. In this paper, we restrict our interest to parametric deformation of the bow, at the same time constrain the displacement and the length of the ship. Based on Rankine source method, the wave-making resistances of DTMB5512 and ITTC Ship A-2 are calculated. For optimization, Sobol algorithm is selected to create sample space; based on it, we use Nelder–Mead algorithm to obtain the optimal hull form in the space. Additionally, we compare and analyze the hydrodynamic performance of the ship. The results show that the optimization design method reduces the wave-making resistance of DTMB5512 and ITTC Ship A-2, which verifies the feasibility of the method.

Introduction
Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) guides the future development of the shipbuilding industry toward green ships and accelerates the pace of energy conservation and emission reduction. EEDI is closely related to hull form; therefore, the design optimization of ship hull focus on reducing EEDI becomes the central issue of the current research (Hou et al. 2018).
Undersökningarna rörande Hagestad i Skåne
Authors: Strömberg Märta 
Published: February 2022

Untersuchungen in Hagestad, Schonen In Hagestad im südöstlichen Schonen findet seit 1960 eine Untersuchung statt mit dem Ziel, Klarheit über die Siedlungsgeschichte während der ganzen Vorzeit zu bekommen, sowie auch einen Ausgangspunkt für die Behandlung von einer Reihe von Problemen zu erhalten, die teils diesen Teil von Schonen angehen, teils von mehr allgemeiner Bedeutung sind. Die Arbeit wurde zurechtgelegt als »team work«, an dem Forscher verschiedener Disziplinen teilnehmen. Der Archäologe arbeitet zusammen mit einem Kulturgeographen, einem Geologen, einem Botaniker, einem Zoologen und einem Sprachwissenschaftler, und außerdem nimmt man andere Spezialisten für verschiedenerlei Arbeit in Anspruch. Das bisher erhaltene Material ist von sehr großem Umfang, und die Ausgrabungen in Hagestad haben Untersuchungen an anderen Orten im östlichen und südöstlichen Schonen veranlalß, die Licht über die gleichen Probierne werfen.Eine wichtige Frage in diesem Zusammenhang ist, auf welche Weise man sich Eisen verschaffte, und wie das Schmieden in verschiedenen Abschnitten der Vorgeschichte vor sich gegangen ist. In Hagestad und angrenzenden Kirchspielen ist wesentliches Material zur Beleuchtung dieser Frage gefunden worden. An mehreren Orten hat man Anlagen gefunden, die deutlich belegen, daß Arbeit mit Eisen stattgefunden hat, und zwar teils das Ausbrennen von Erz, eventuell auch eine zweite Reduktion von Erz, das schon den ersten Prozess hinter sich hatte, teils das Ausschmieden von größeren oder kleineren Gegenständen. Die Feldarbeit ist jedoch noch nicht abgeschlossen, und darum dürfte man erwarten, weiterhin noch einiges Material dieser Art zu finden. Märta Strömberg
Da demokratiet gjorde vore forfædre vilde – og de vilde til sig selv
Authors: Høiris Ole 
Published: February 2022

When democracy turned our forefathers into savages – and the savages into themselvesIn Denmark, there are two major ethno­graphical collections, both of which have served as stud y collections for Danish archaeologists in certain periods. The idea was that our ancestors lived by and large like contemporary primitive peoples, an idea anthropologists strongly repudiate today with reference to the dignity of other peoples, just as pre-historians did 200 years ago with refer­ ence to the dignity of the Danish people. In this article, I demonstrate how the establishment of a national popular democracy in the 19th century changed national history – which was a central factor in the production of Danish identity – from the history of the kings to the history of the people. This in turn made the evolutionary theories of the socia l philosophers of th e Enli ghtenment relevant, creatin g the idea that the lives of contemporary savages were more or less the same as the lives of our ancient ancestors. This then made the ethnographical collections relevant for archaeological studies.To­day anthropologis ts are very negative toward such evolutionary ideas, and it is demonstrated how it was the extension of democracy to an int ernational level that changed the conception of other peoples from remnants of the past to contemporary but culturally different peoples. The possibilities or impossibilities of close cooperation between archaeology and anthropology have thus alternat ed cyclically during the past 200 years, and if you formulate the problem as one of the relation beween theories of cultural differences and theories of human development you can prolong this oscillation between close cooperation and total separation at least 2500 years. So sometime in the future an thropology and archaeolo gy will cooperate closely again.Ole HøirisCenter for Kulturstudier Aarhus Universitet
Maritim læring i vikingetiden – Om praksisfællesskabets marginale deltagere
Authors: Ravn Morten 
Published: February 2022

The acquisition of maritime skills in the Viking AgeThe acquisition of maritime skills in the Viking Age can be examined through application of the social constructivist theory with respect to communities of practice. A community of practice is maintained via skill transfer. The process begins already in childhood and leads to the gradual inclusion of these marginal participants as fully valid members. By way of their role play and rule games, based in part on observations of adult practice, children acquire basic skills and develop a knowledge of the community’s sensus communis.The aim of this article is not to describe the players in the community of practice, i.e. the children and adults of the Viking Age, but to examine the relationship between them in a practice structure. The child and the adult are perceived as mutual preconditions. They are, seen in relation to a common practice, parts of the same community. It is the learning process, from marginal participant via legitimate peripheral participant to fully valid member, which defines and maintains this community of practice.Model ships which can be dated to the Viking Age have been found in several locations across Northern Europe (fig. 1). These are employed in this article to examine the skill-transfer processes inherent in Viking Age communities of practice. Some of the model ships can be interpreted as children’s toys and are very detailed in their execution, with holes for a mast, a side rudder and oars (fig. 2). Other miniature artefacts, such as anchors and weather vanes, can similarly be argued to have comprised part of the fittings of these toy ships.In order to gain a more detailed insight into the process of skill acquisition in maritime communities of practice, a selection of sailors’ memories from their childhood in the Danish maritime town of Marstal in the late 19th and early 20th century are drawn upon (fig. 3). This is exclusively to demonstrate how children learn through play.The model ships and their equipment, if these are interpreted as children’s toys, give access to an aspect of Viking Age society which is very difficult to study in other ways. The toy ships are a material expression of the play which – then as now – has equipped children for their passage into the community of practice. It is this play which, in spite of its superficially banal character, is fundamental to the maintenance and development of a community of practice.Morten RavnAfdeling for Forhistorisk ArkæologiSaxo-InstituttetKøbenhavns Universitet
Interiority From the Body, Mind, and Culture
Authors: Atmodiwirjo Paramita , Yatmo Yandi Andri 
Published: February 2022

Within the interior occupation, the human body and interior are always interacting. Body-interior relation is a key idea in understanding the human body's presence, experience, and performance in interior space. The body and the interior can define, command, and affect each other. The transactional perspective in environmental psychology emphasises the reciprocity between body and environment. Awareness of these reciprocal relationships becomes a key in understanding the interior as a stage for the human body and its dynamic processes. This issue of Interiority presents a collection of studies that situate the human body as an inherent part of the interior environment from various perspectives: neuroscience, psychology, culture, religion, gender, and tradition. These articles present various ways in which the interior becomes a manifestation of the dynamic human body-space relations. They demonstrate attempts to examine interiority through various cases and contexts defined by individual experiences, dynamic social roles and relationships, and cultural traditions.
Using previously registered cone beam computerized tomography images to facilitate online computerized tomography to cone beam computerized tomography image registration in lung stereotactic body radiation therapy
Authors: Liang Jian , Liu Qiang , Grills Inga , Guerrero Thomas , Stevens Craig , Yan Di 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeIn our conventional image registration workflow, the four‐dimensional (4D) CBCT was directly registered to the reference helical CT (HCT) using a dual registration approach within the Elekta XVI software. In this study, we proposed a new HCT–CBCT auto‐registration strategy using a previously registered CBCT (CBCTpre) as the reference image and tested its clinical feasibility.MethodsFrom a previous CBCT session, the registered average 4D CBCT was selected as CBCTpre and the HCT–CBCTpre registration vector from the clinician's manual registration result was recorded. In the new CBCT session, auto‐registration was performed between the new average 4D CBCT (CBCTtx) and CBCTpre (CBCTpre‐CBCTtx). The overall HCT–CBCTtx registration result was then derived by combing the results from two registrations (i.e., HCT–CBCTpre + CBCTpre–CBCTtx). The results from the proposed method were compared with clinician's manually adjusted HCT–CBCTtx registration results (“ground truth”) to evaluate its accuracy using a test dataset consisting of 32 challenging registration cases.ResultsThe uncertainty of the proposed auto‐registration method was −0.1 ± 0.5, 0.1 ± 1.0, and −0.1 ± 0.7 mm in three translational directions (lateral, longitudinal, and vertical) and 0.0° ± 0.9°, 0.3° ± 0.9°, and 0.4° ± 0.7° in three rotation directions, respectively. Two patients (6.3%) had translational uncertainty > 2 mm (max = 3.1 mm) and both occurred in the longitudinal direction. Meanwhile, the uncertainty of the conventional direct HCT–CBCTtx auto‐registration was −0.4 ± 2.6, −0.2 ± 7.4, −1.4 ± 3.6 mm for translations and −0.3° ± 1.2°, 0.0° ± 1.6°, and 0.1 ± 1.1° for rotations. Eleven patients (34.4%) had translation uncertainty > 2 mm (max = 26.2 mm) in at least one direction. Accuracy in translation was improved with the new method, while rotation accuracy stayed in the same order.ConclusionWe demonstrated the feasibility of incorporating prior clinical registration knowledge into the online HCT–CBCT registration process. The proposed auto‐registration method provides a quick and reliable starting solution for online HCT–CBCT registration.
Localized Electrosynthesis and Subsequent Electrochemical Mapping of Catalytically Active Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Liberman Itamar , Ifraemov Raya , Shimoni Ran , Hod Idan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn recent years, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great potential to be used as porous, high surface area catalytic materials capable of driving electrochemical energy conversion reactions. However, further improvement in their electrocatalytic performance necessitates methods to couple high‐throughput MOF synthesis and their subsequent electrochemical activity characterization. In this work, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is employed to perform a localized, micron‐scale electrosynthesis of two types of MOFs, Al2(OH)2‐TCPP, and HKUST‐1. SECM is also utilized to analyze the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction activity of the as‐prepared MOF micropatterns, via i) substrate‐generation tip‐collection mode to map the MOF's electrochemical reactivity, and ii) redox competition mode, to accurately extract the MOF's catalytic onset potential. Thus, the presented method provides a means to shed light on the operation principles of electroactive MOFs, toward their future incorporation in alternative fuel‐production schemes.
Conductive Polymer Enabled Biostable Liquid Metal Electrodes for Bioelectronic Applications
Authors: Lim Taehwan , Kim Minju , Akbarian Amir , Kim Jungkyu , Tresco Patrick A. , Zhang Huanan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGallium (Ga)‐based liquid metal materials have emerged as a promising material platform for soft bioelectronics. Unfortunately, Ga has limited biostability and electrochemical performance under physiological conditions, which can hinder the implementation of its use in bioelectronic devices. Here, an effective conductive polymer deposition strategy on the liquid metal surface to improve the biostability and electrochemical performance of Ga‐based liquid metals for use under physiological conditions is demonstrated. The conductive polymer [poly(3,4‐ethylene dioxythiophene):tetrafluoroborate]‐modified liquid metal surface significantly outperforms the liquid metal.based electrode in mechanical, biological, and electrochemical studies. In vivo action potential recordings in behaving nonhuman primate and invertebrate models demonstrate the feasibility of using liquid metal electrodes for high‐performance neural recording applications. This is the first demonstration of single‐unit neural recording using Ga‐based liquid metal bioelectronic devices to date. The results determine that the electrochemical deposition of conductive polymer over liquid metal can improve the material properties of liquid metal electrodes for use under physiological conditions and open numerous design opportunities for next‐generation liquid metal‐based bioelectronics.
Selective Center Charge Density Enables Conductive 2D Metal−Organic Frameworks with Exceptionally High Pseudocapacitance and Energy Density for Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Cheng Situo , Gao Wenzheng , Cao Zhen , Yang Yifan , Xie Erqing , Fu Jiecai 
Published: February 2022

AbstractConductive 2D conjugated metal−organic frameworks (c‐MOFs) are attractive electrode materials due to their high intrinsic electrical conductivities, large specific surface area, and abundant unsaturated bonds/functional groups. However, the 2D c‐MOFs reported so far have limited charge storage capacity during electrochemical charging and discharging, and the energy density is still unsatisfactory. In this work, a strategy of selective center charge density to expand the traditional electrode materials to the electrode−electrolyte coupled system with the prototypical of 2D Co‐catecholate (Co‐CAT) is proposed. Electrochemical mechanism studies and density functional theory calculations reveal that dual redox sites are achieved with the quinone groups (CAT) and metal‐ion linkages (Co−O) serving as the active sites of pseudocapacitive cation (Na+) and redox electrolyte species (SO32−). The resultant electrode delivers an exceptionally high capacity of 1160 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and a special self‐discharge rate (86.8% after 48 h). Moreover, the packaged asymmetric device exhibits a state‐of‐the‐art energy density of 158 W h kg−1 at the power density of 2000 W kg−1 and an excellent self‐discharge rate of 80.6% after 48 h. This success will provide a new perspective for the performance enhancement for the 2D‐MOF‐based energy storage devices.
Underfocus Laser Induced Ni Nanoparticles Embedded Metallic MoN Microrods as Patterned Electrode for Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Chen Yuke , Wang Yijie , Yu Jiayuan , Xiong Guowei , Niu Hongsen , Li Yang , Sun Dehui , Zhang Xiaoli , Liu Hong , Zhou Weijia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTransition metal nitrides have shown large potential in industrial application for realization of the high active and large current density toward overall water splitting, a strategy to synthesize an inexpensive electrocatalyst consisting of Ni nanoparticles embedded metallic MoN microrods cultured on roughened nickel sheet (Ni/MoN/rNS) through underfocus laser heating on NiMoO4·xH2O under NH3 atmosphere is posited. The proposed laser preparation mechanism of infocus and underfocus modes confirms that the laser induced stress and local high temperature controllably and rapidly prepared the patterned Ni/MoN/rNS electrodes in large size. The designed Ni/MoN/rNS presents outstanding catalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with a low overpotential of 67 mV to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with a small overpotential of 533 mV to deliver 200 mA cm−2. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) further verify that the constructed interface of Ni/MoN with small hydrogen absorption Gibbs free energy (ΔGH*) (−0.19 eV) and similar electrical conductivity between Ni and metallic MoN, which can explain the high intrinsic catalytic activity of Ni/MoN. Further, the constructed two‐electrode system (−) Ni/MoN/rNS||Ni/MoN/rNS (+) is employed in an industrial water‐splitting electrolyzer (460 mA cm−2 for 120 h), being superior to the performance of commercial nickel electrode.