bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal associations between problematic Internet use, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents
Authors: Lai W. , Wang W. , Guo L. , Lu C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAdolescents spend more time on the Internet than adults, making them susceptible to problematic Internet use (PIU). Evidence shows that PIU has a negative impact on self-esteem among adolescents, disturbing the development of emotional regulation, which makes them more likely to develop depressive symptoms subsequently. However, there is lack of literature focusing on the process that self-esteem may mediate the association between PIU and depressive symptoms.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the prospective links between PIU, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms in adolescence.MethodsA total of 1,736 adolescents completed this longitudinal study. The baseline survey was conducted in 2019, and the follow-up surveys were performed at 1-year and 2-year later. Problematic Internet use, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms were measured. A cascade model was used to examine the longitudinal associations between PIU, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms.ResultsThe mean (SD) age of participants was 13.6 (1.5) years at baseline. The final results observed significant within-time associations between PIU, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms at each time point. PIU and low level of self-esteem could predict subsequent depressive symptoms among adolescents, and depressive symptoms were also associated with subsequent PIU and self-esteem.ConclusionsBoth problematic Internet use and self-esteem show bidirectional predictions with depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents. Health-related professionals, schools and families should be aware of the findings of bidirectional associations. Adolescents with problematic Internet use and lower self-esteem should be paid more attention to attenuate the risk of developing depressive symptoms.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Bullying victimization in children and adolescents and its impact on academic outcomes
Authors: Vadukapuram R. , Trivedi C. , Mansuri Z. , Shah K. , Reddy A. , Jain S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBullying is a serious problem in schools because of the negative impact on a child’s educational outcomes, especially academic achievement. However, the underlying mechanisms and causes are unknown.ObjectivesTo evaluate the educational outcomes, and psychiatric comorbidities in children and adolescents who are victims of bullyingMethodsWe used 2018–2019 Nationwide Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) dataset for the study. The participants were children and adolescents (age: 6-17 years, n = 42,790). Data was stratified into two groups: 1) never bullied 2) bullied more than once. Prevalence of different educational outcomes were compared between the groups.ResultsIn the never bullied group 21,015 participants were included, and in the bullied more than once group 21,775 participants were included. More females were in the bullied group compared to never bullied group (50.4% vs 47.5%, p=0.006). More White non- Hispanic individuals were in bullied group in contrast to never bullied group (56.7% vs 43.9%, p< 0.001). Individuals whose health status was fair, or poor were bullied more (2.4% vs 1.4%, p=<0.001). Individuals in bullied group were more likely to be repeating the grades compared to the never bullied group (7.1% vs 5.9%, p:0.039). Individuals who were missing >=11 school days, and sometimes or never engaged in school were observed more in bullied group compared to never bullied group (5.9% vs 3.2% and 20.3% vs 10.6% p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that bullying victimization could be a risk factor and associated with decreased academic outcomes.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Childhood and recent maternal adverse experiences and mother-infant attachment influence early newborns’ neurobehavioural profiles
Authors: San Martín N. , Castro Quintas Á. , Daura-Corral M. , Marques Feixa L. , Eixarch E. , Crispi F. , De La Fuente Tomas L. , Garcia-Portilla M.P. , Fañanas L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMaternal stress during pregnancy influences fetal neurodevelopment, especially by the dysregulation of the HPA axis. However, less is known about whether maltreatment or stressful life experiences previous to pregnancy influence on developmental outcomes in the offspring.ObjectivesTo analyze newborns’ neurobehavioral profiles in a cohort of healthy pregnant women, according to 1) childhood and recent maternal adverse experiences and 2) mother-infant attachment.Methods150 women were followed during the three trimesters of pregnancy. CTQ and AAT tests were employed to evaluate childhood and recent experiences of maltreatment, while infant and recent adverse experiences were evaluated using ETI-SR and SRSS, respectively. Newborns neurobehavioral profiles were defined at 8 weeks using the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) and their temperament was assessed with IBQ. PBQ and PAI scales were employed to assess mother-infant attachment. A linear regression model was performed, adjusting for possible confounders.ResultsMaternal childhood sexual abuse seems to be associated with greater difficulties in the newborns control of reactivity to external stimuli (β=0,517; p-value=0.001), while recent maternal stressful experiences are related to difficulties for states regulation (β=0,29; p-value=0,038). Regarding attachment, maltreated mothers tend to show ambivalent and avoidant styles. Interestingly, postnatal mother-infant attachment seems to modulate autonomous, motor and social-interactive abilities in the offspring (β=-0,227; p-value=0,033 // β=-0,329; p-value=0,006).ConclusionsNewborns from mothers exposed to maltreatment and negative life events previous to pregnancy show difficulties to organize and regulate the reactions to psychosocial stimuli. Future studies must disentangle whether maternal attachment style is a modulator of this association.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Association of genetic variants of Glutamate Metabotropic Receptor 5 gene and state-anhedonia
Authors: Török D. , Gonda X. , Gal Z. , Eszlari N. , Bagdy G. , Juhasz G. , Petschner P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAndedonia is one of the core symptoms of depression. It is known that in case of depressed individuals experiencing anhedonia, the classical antidepressants are often ineffective, thus investigation of this symptom would be essential. Recent studies highlight the possible role of the glutamatergic system in anhedonia however, the genetic background of these assumptions is still unclear.ObjectivesOur goal was to investigate the possible associations between state-anhedonia and genetic variants from GRM5 (Glutamate Metabotropic Receptor 5) gene.MethodsFor our analysis we used data from the NewMood (New Molecules in Mood Disorders, LSHM-CT-2004-503474) project. Participants (n = 1820) aged between 18-60, were recruited in Budapest and in Manchester. All volunteers filled out mental-health questionnaires and provided DNA sample. Genotyping was performed by Illumina’s CoreExom PsychChip. Altogether 1282 variants from GRM5 gene survived the genetic quality control steps. State-anhedonia was measured with an item from the Brief Symptom Inventory questionnaire. We performed logistic regression using Plink 2.0. During our analyses, age, gender, population and the top10 principal components of the genome were added into the model as covariates. Correction for linkage-disequilibrium were performed with LDlink.ResultsAfter the correction of linkage-disequilibrium, three independent variables (r2<0.2), (rs1827603, rs6483520, rs35669869) yielded significant (p<0.05) results, both in additive and in dominant model. In case of recessive model, only rs11020880 showed significant (p<0.05) effect.ConclusionsThe detected nominally significant associations between state-anhedonia and genetic variants from GRM5 gene strengthen previous assumptions about the possible relationship between glutamatergic system and anhedonia.DisclosureThis study was supported by: MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group; 2017-1.2.1-NKP-2017-00002; KTIA_13_NAPA-II/14; KTIA_NAP_13-1-2013- 0001; KTIA_NAP_13-2- 2015-0001; 2020-4.1.1.-TKP2020 and 2019-2.1.7-ERA-NET-2020-00005 (TRAJEC
Links between posterior pituitary activity, psychometric profile and other endocrine abnormalities in anorexia nervosa: a multimodal evaluation
Authors: Doua S. , Jérôme R. , Traverse B. , Zennadi M. , Boutet C. , Hammour A. , Germain N. , Massoubre C. , Galusca B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionOpioid system activity was found disturbed in several reward circuit areas in restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN) patients but also at the pituitary level. The role of this specific abnormality in AN physiopathology remains unknown.OObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the relationship of upper mentioned AN abnormality with its classical pituitary features and eating behavior traits.MethodsPET [11C] diprenorphin binding potential (BPND) were processed for each pituitary part in three groups of young women: 12 AN, 11 recovered AN patients (ANrec), and 12 Controls. Anterior pituitary hormones and neurohypophysis (NH) 12 points circadian profile including copeptin and oxytocin, psychological scores were evaluated in these subjects as well as in 13 bulimic (BN) patients.Results[11C] diprenorphin pituitary binding was found to be fully localized in NH. Only AN patients’ NH present lower [11C] diprenorphin BPND than Controls, interpreted as a higher opioid tone. Both AN and ANrec show lower copeptin/24h than in Controls but no difference in oxytocin. BN showed increased copeptin and low oxytocin. In AN patients copeptin inversely correlate with Restrained Eating while oxytocin correlate with the External Eating score. NH [11C] diprenorphin BPND correlated with leptin but not with copeptin or oxytocin.ConclusionsNeurohypopysis opioid tone in anorexia nervosa seem not to impact the vasopressin or oxytocin release but still may interfere in gonadal axis regulation. Copeptin, a good indicator of hydration state, may be a good tool to detect hidden restrictive or purging behaviors. Specific correlates with AN psychologic features still suggest a physiopathological involvement.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Eating behaviour among adults with different levels of emotional suppression and eating disorder symptomatology
Authors: Brytek-Matera A. , Czepczor-Bernat K. , Bronowicka P. , Modrzejewska A. , Modrzejewska J. , Szymańska P. , Waliłko J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionResearch has shown that emotional suppression, a form of emotion regulation, is often used by individuals with disordered eating behaviour. Moreover, eating disorder symptomatology is associated with inappropriate eating behaviours (e.g. excessive consumption of high-calorie foods and comfort foods).ObjectivesThe objective of the present study was to investigate the differences in eating behaviour among adults with different levels of emotional suppression and eating disorder symptomatology.MethodsTwo hundred seventy adults (Mage = 29.44 ± 9.32) completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (eating behaviour), the Eating Attitudes Test (eating disorder symptomatology) and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (emotional suppression).ResultsThree clusters were identified through cluster analysis: cluster 1 (N = 115) presenting low emotional suppression and low eating disorder symptomatology; cluster 2 (N = 43) presenting high emotional suppression and high eating disorder symptomatology and cluster 3 (N = 112) presenting high emotional suppression and low eating disorder symptomatology. Our results showed that individuals in cluster 2 had significantly greater levels of cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating than individuals in clusters 1 and 3. Moreover, individuals in clusters 1 and 3 did not differ significantly in terms of any of the TFEQ subscales.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings may suggest that the tendency to persistently suppress emotions exacerbate disordered eating behaviour. Therefore, this factor together with symptoms of eating disorders should to be considered when planning prevention and intervention programs among adults presenting disordered eating behaviour.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Is decision-making impairment an endophenotype of Anorexia Nervosa?
Authors: Di Lodovico L. , Lachatre M. , Marcheselli J. , Versini A. , Ramoz N. , Gorwood P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPatients with anorexia nervosa (AN) show impaired decision-making ability, but it is still unclear if this is a trait marker, i.e. a stable endophenotype of AN, or a state parameter, i.e. being explained by present symptoms and associated comorbidity.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine whether decision-making impairment is an endophenotype of AN. We hypothesized that decision-making alteration would not respect the criteria of an endophenotype, and that these alterations would have a relationship with illness severity.MethodsNinety-one patients with acute AN (A-AN), 90 unaffected relatives (UR), 23 patients remitted from AN (R-AN) and 204 healthy controls (HC) underwent the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and psychometric assessments. Prospective Valence Learning model (PVL) was employed to distinguish the cognitive dimensions underlying the decision-making process. Performance at the IGT was compared between the four groups and then analysed according to clinical and psychometric variables.ResultsPatients with A-AN scored worse than UR and HC at the IGT (p<.01). PVL-feedback sensitivity parameter was lower in patients with R-AN and A-AN than in the two other groups (p<.01) and PVL-loss aversion parameter was lower in A-AN than in UR and R-AN (p<.01). Decision-making style, in particular learning and loss aversion parameters, accounted for a significant part of variance of psychopathology in patients with AN (p<.01).ConclusionsImpaired decision-making represents a state-associated, cognitive hallmark of AN. The aggravation of reward modulation along with illness progression may explain the persistence of symptoms despite their consequences on health. Reversal of decision-making impairment should not be limited by inherited vulnerability.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Vulnerability to acute psychosocial stress in subjects with eating disorders and history of childhood trauma: experimental evidence of a “Maltreated Ecophenotype”
Authors: Barone E. , Carfagno M. , Monteleone A.M. , Ruzzi V. , Pellegrino F. , Marafioti N. , Toricco R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSubjects with eating disorders (ED) show a high prevalence of childhood trauma.ObjectivesAim of the study is to evaluate the emotional, biological and behavioral responses to an experimental acute psychosocial stress in subjects with ED with or without childhood maltreatment. Secondary aim is to evaluate the effects of different traumatic experiences (physical and emotional).Methods48 women with ED completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). 29 participants (14 with Anorexia Nervosa [AN] and 15 with Bulimia Nervosa [BN]) reported an history of childhood maltreatment, while 19 (11 with AN and 8 with BN) did not. Cortisol levels, anxiety and hunger perceptions have been assessed in all participants throughout the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) as well as body dissatisfaction after stress exposure.ResultsSubjects with childhood trauma showed higher emotional reactivity and body dissatisfaction and lower hunger throughout the TSST than those without childhood trauma. Higher cortisol levels were observed in patients with AN, regardless of the presence of childhood trauma, and in those with BN and history of emotional trauma. Emotional trauma was the childhood trauma explaining most of the observed differences.ConclusionsChildhood trauma, especially emotional one, can lead to vulnerability to interpersonal stress in individuals with ED. The present study is the first that supports the “maltreated ecophenotype” hypothesis in subjects with ED through an experimental task and the evaluation of multiple levels of response. These data may provide new prospectives on the pathogenetic mechanisms of ED and novel therapeutic implications.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Bulimia nervosa and borderline personality disorder - case report and literature review
Authors: Borges A. , Machado D. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBulimia Nervosa (BN) is a debilitating eating disorder characterized by binging and purging episodes generally accompanied by excessive concern with body weight and shape as well as body image disturbance. BN and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) may co-occur. In fact, studies estimate that one quarter to one third of patients with BN also meet criteria for BPD. However not much is known about the relationship between these two diseases. Nevertheless, the high comorbidity rate might not be surprising as both BN and BPD may share interacting aetiologies and common core symptoms such as impulsivity and emotional instability. So far, only very little is known about the clinical presentation of patients with both BN and BPD and their response to treatment.ObjectivesLiterature review on BN and comorbid BPD. An illustrative clinical case is presented.MethodsCase report and non-systematic review of the literature - sources obtained through search on Pubmed.gov database.ResultsFemale, 19-year-old, student, lived with her mother and stepfather. Developed a poor relationship with her body image due to dental problems during high school. The patient started to binge eat, exhibit compensatory behaviors, restrictive eating pattern, body dissatisfaction and emotional instability while maintaining a normal BMI. Over the last year, she started a self-destructive behavior with slight improvement of BN symptoms.ConclusionsSpecial attention should be given to patients suffering from BN and comorbid BPD as they present greater risk of recurrent suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-injury, as well as lower rates of remission. Early interventions that target impulsivity and problematic eating behavior may mitigate risk of future borderline personality features.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Positive schizotypy is associated with amplified mnemonic discrimination and attenuated generalization
Authors: Vass Á. , Becske M. , Szőllősi Á. , Racsmány M. , Polner B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTendency to experience inaccurate beliefs alongside perceptual anomalies constitutes positive schizotypal traits in the general population and shows continuity with the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. It has been hypothesized that the positive symptomatology of schizophrenia, and by extension, positive schizotypy, are associated with specific alterations in memory functions. Imbalance between memory generalization and episodic memory specificity has been proposed on several counts; however, the direction of the imbalance is currently unclear.ObjectivesWe aimed to contrast two competing hypotheses regarding the association between positive schizotypy, and memory alterations in a general population sample (N=71) enriched for positive schizotypy from a larger pool of individuals (N=614).MethodsPositive schizotypy was measured with the short-version of the O-LIFE questionnaire, and memory specificity and generalization was captured by the well-established Mnemonic Similarity Task.ResultsDistortions in the behavioural memory performance indices were found to correlate with positive schizotypy: individuals prone to unusual experiences demonstrated increased discrimination and reduced generalization (explaining 10% and 17% of variance, respectively). Associations were robust when controlled for the disorganized, negative and impulsive-asocial dimensions of schizotypy and associated psychopathology.ConclusionsOur findings show that people who are prone to irrational beliefs and unusual experiences also show measurable alterations in memory and likely have difficulty grasping the global picture and rather be overpowered by fragments of information.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Resting-state Functional Connectivity within Frontoparietal Network in Schizophrenia Patients and Healthy Individuals with Better and Worse Executive Functions
Authors: Panikratova Y. , Abdullina E. , Tikhonov D. , Kaleda V. , Lebedeva I. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SP) demonstrate heterogeneity in executive functions (EF) associated with the quality of outcome. However, neurobiological mechanisms of this heterogeneity are understudied.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify features of resting-state functional connectivity (FC) within the frontoparietal network (FPN) that discriminate between SP and healthy individuals (HI) with better and worse EF.MethodsTwenty-five SP (mean age 20.8±3.23, illness duration 1.3±2.1 years, all males) and twenty-six HI (mean age 25.17±3.46, all males) underwent EF assessment (4 verbal fluency tests and a modified Stroop task) as well as resting-state fMRI (3T).ResultsWe used k-means clustering based on EF scores to divide all participants into groups with worse (15 SP, 6 HI) and better EF (10 SP, 20 HI). These groups differed in productivity of all verbal fluency tasks and performance time of the Stroop task. Differences between four subgroups (HI/SP with worse/better EF) were revealed in FC between the cingulate and lateral prefrontal cortex in the left hemisphere (ANCOVA, p-uncorrected<.005, p[FDR]<.05; Fig. 1). SP and HI within each group demonstrated a similar FC pattern. SP with poorer EF had increased FC, compared to HI with higher EF. HI with poorer EF demonstrated increased FC, compared to HI and SP with better EF.ConclusionsFC within FPN may be one of the neurophysiological underpinnings of EF heterogeneity in SP as well as in HI. Further machine learning fMRI studies are needed to clarify whether FC within FPN is a prognostic marker in schizophrenia.DisclosureThe study was supported by RFBR Grant 20-013-00748.
Psychopathological and temperamental features of Late Onset versus Early Onset Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Orsolini L. , Ferretti L. , Fiorani M. , Rocchetti D. , Salvi V. , Volpe U. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAge at onset of type-I bipolar disorder (BD-I) typically averages 12-24 years, is older among patients with type-II-BD (BD-II), even though generally before 50-years-old (EOBD). Clinical observation of late-onset BD (LOBD) posed some questions regarding a differential phenotypic/psychopathological manifestations and affective temperaments between LOBD vs EOBD.ObjectivesA case-control pilot-study was carried out to investigate psychopathological, clinical and temperamental features of a psychogeriatric cohort of LOBD and EOBD subjects.MethodsOut of 74 enrolled patients, 64 patients (31 EOBD, 33 LOBD) were included and administered an ad hoc socio-demographic datasheet, BPRS, CGI, GAF, HAM-D, GDS, MSRS, MRS, MOCA and TEMPS-M.ResultsLOBD is significantly associated with higher rates of BD-II diagnosis (X2 = 26.1, p<.001), depressive (p=0.05) and mixed states (p=0.011), higher comorbid anxiety levels and depressive affective temperament (p<.001); while clinical manifestations of geriatric EOBD is significantly associated with higher endocrinological (X2 = 7.815, p=.005) and metabolic comorbidity (X2 = 6.896, p=.009), a diagnosis of BD-I, manic episodes and hyperthymic (p=.001) affective temperaments. GDS and MSRS total scores were significantly higher in LOBD (respectively, p<.001 and p=.008).ConclusionsFurther studies with larger sample sizes and a control group should verify whether LOBD is a distinct psychopathological entity from EOBD and evaluate differences (if any) in terms of prognosis and treatment between EOBD and LOBD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.