bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A field experiment characterizing variable detection rates during plant surveys
Authors: Hauser Cindy E. , Giljohann Katherine M. , McCarthy Michael A. , Garrard Georgia E. , Robinson Andrew P. , Williams Nicholas S. G. , Moore Joslin L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSurveys aimed at finding threatened and invasive species can be challenging due to individual rarity and low and variable individual detection rates. Detection rate in plant surveys typically varies due to differences among observers, among the individual plants being surveyed (targets), and across background environments. Interactions among these 3 components may occur but are rarely estimated due to limited replication and control during data collection. We conducted an experiment to investigate sources of variation in detection of 2 Pilosella species that are invasive and sparsely distributed in the Alpine National Park, Australia. These species are superficially similar in appearance to other yellow‐flowered plants occurring in this landscape. We controlled the presence and color of flowers on target Pilosella plants and controlled their placement in plots, which were selected for their variation in cover of non‐target yellow flowers and dominant vegetation type. Observers mimicked Pilosella surveys in the plots and reported 1 categorical and 4 quantitative indicators of their survey experience level. We applied survival analysis to detection data to model the influence of both controlled and uncontrolled variables on detection rate. Orange‐ and yellow‐flowering Pilosella in grass‐ and heath‐dominated vegetation were detected at a higher rate than nonflowering Pilosella. However, this detection gain diminished as the cover of other co‐occurring yellow‐flowering species increased. Recent experience with Pilosella surveys improved detection rate. Detection experiments are a direct and accessible means of understanding detection processes and interpreting survey data for threatened and invasive species. Our detection findings have been used for survey planning and can inform progress toward eradication. Interaction of target and background characteristics determined detection rate, which enhanced predictions in the Pilosella eradication program and demonstrated the difficulty of transferring detection findings into untested environments.
Kidney transplant candidates’ and recipients’ perspectives on the decision‐making process to accept or refuse a deceased donor kidney offer: Trust and graft survival matter
Authors: Khalili Myriam , Cardinal Héloïse , Ballesteros Fabian , Fortin Marie‐Chantal 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe decision to accept a kidney from a deceased donor can be a difficult one. This study aims to capture the perspectives of transplant candidates (TCs) and kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) on the decision‐making process when a deceased kidney is offered.MethodsWe conducted six focus groups with KTRs and TCs. The content of the focus groups was analyzed using the qualitative thematic method.ResultsKTRs reported that the experience of being offered a kidney could be difficult because of the circumstances of the offer and unpreparedness to participate in the discussion. Both KTRs and TCs trusted the medical expertise. Age and having experience with dialysis could influence the decision to accept an offer. In order to engage in the discussion, patients wanted to obtain estimates of expected graft survival. Patients did not express interest for a web‐based calculator for patient use, but expected transplant physicians to summarize and explain the information that would impact graft survival time.ConclusionTCs and KTRs wanted to be involved in the decision to accept a deceased donor kidney. Tools that can help physicians communicate the risks and benefits of accepting an offer could improve patient participation in the decision‐making process.
Psychometric properties of the School Participation Questionnaire: Testing a measure of participation‐related constructs
Authors: Maciver Donald , Tyagi Vaibhav , Johnston Lorna , Kramer Jessica M. , Richmond Janet , Todorova Liliya , Romero‐Ayuso Dulce , Nakamura‐Thomas Hiromi , van Hartingsveldt Margo , O’Hare Anne , Forsyth Kirsty 
Published: January 2022

AimTo explore concurrent validity, convergent validity, interrater reliability, test–retest reliability, and Rasch model analysis of the School Participation Questionnaire (SPQ), a tool for teachers to assess personal and environmental determinants of school participation.MethodTeachers of children with additional support needs, including intellectual disability, autism, and learning difficulties completed measures. Data were collected using the SPQ and the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM‐CY). Test–retest and interrater reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha. Concurrent and convergent validity were explored via correlations with the PEM‐CY. Further psychometrics were examined using a Rasch model.ResultsOne hundred and eighty‐seven children (136 [72.7%] male; mean age 9y [range 5y 6mo–12y 10mo, SD 2y]) were assessed by 67 teachers. Cronbach’s alpha, test–retest, and interrater reliability were acceptable–excellent across each SPQ scale (alphas=0.89, 0.9, 0.94, 0.79; test–retest ICCs=0.64, 0.61, 0.78, 0.62; interrater ICCs=0.85, 0.71, 0.90, 0.81). Concurrent and convergent validity were confirmed with significant positive correlations between SPQ and PEM‐CY. After Mokken and Rasch model analysis, person and item reliability were good, and unidimensionality was confirmed. Mean administration time was 8.2 minutes.InterpretationThe results suggest that the SPQ is a rapid, reliable, and valid tool for assessment of participation‐related indicators in schools.
WellSpace: Peer‐led groups for first‐episode psychosis before and during the COVID era
Authors: Murphy Michael , Fedele Stephen J. , Öngür Dost 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAim: Coordinated specialty care (CSC) is a collaborative‐team based approach that has been shown to be helpful for patients with first‐episode psychosis. Peer support is an important component of CSC. Here, we describe the development and implementation of peer‐led group programming (McLean WellSpace) that was loosely affiliated with a CSC (McLean OnTrack). We discuss how we adapted this program to the challenges imposed by COVID‐19.Methods: WellSpace was developed to have minimal barriers to entry other than a self‐reported history of recent onset of psychosis. It is free for participants with minimal restrictions about who may attend. WellSpace and WellSpace groups are largely administered by peer specialists who align with the recovery movement. WellSpace has been a virtual program since March 2020.Results: McLean WellSpace participants include many people who are not patients of McLean OnTrack, suggesting that such programs may have greater reach than standard medical programs. We transitioned to virtual programming and saw average group attendance and unique participants increase during the pandemic.Conclusions: Our experience suggests that peer‐led group programming for first‐episode psychosis is well‐accepted by patients, including many who are not engaged with a CSC. This may be related to our efforts to minimize barriers to entry and our peer‐led, non‐medical orientation.
An exploration of the impact of working in pairs on the dental clinical learning environment: Students’ views
Authors: Dargue Anna , Richards Charlotte , Fowler Ellayne 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe aims of this study were to explore the undergraduate dental clinical students' experiences and perspectives of paired working in the clinical learning environment.Materials and methodsAn interpretivist methodological approach with a socio‐cultural lens was used. A stratified purposeful sampling strategy was chosen. Students digitally recorded three audio‐diaries using Gibbs' cycle to guide reflection on collaborating clinically with a peer. 1:1 semi‐structured interviews were held using a topic guide. Inductive thematic data analysis was undertaken.ResultsEight participants were recruited. Main themes related to individual characteristics (motivation, professionalism, knowledge and experience) and relational features (feeling safe, attaching value, positive working relationships) that contributed to effective collaborative partnerships. The social setting is important for learning in the dental clinical environment. Benchmarking is used by students to motivate and reassure. Students learnt from their peers, particularly when they felt safe and supported and had developed good relationships. A lesser quality learning experience was highlighted in the assistant role.ConclusionPaired working for clinical training was viewed mostly positively. Working with a variety of peers was beneficial and enabled development of interpersonal skills and professionalism. More effective collaborative learning partnerships were described when students felt they belonged and had affective support. Disadvantages of paired working were noted as reduced hands‐on experience, particularly for senior students and when working in the assistant role. Ground rules and setting learning goals to change the mind‐set about the assistant role were recommended. Emotional and practical support of students is needed in the clinical setting.
Composite endpoint to evaluate complement inhibition therapy in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Kulasekararaj Austin , Glasmacher Axel , Liu Peng , Szer Jeff , Araten David , Rauch Geraldine , Gwaltney Chad , Sierra J Rafael , Lee Jong Wook 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study developed and explored a novel composite endpoint to assess the overall impact that treatment can have on patients living with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Candidate composite endpoint variables were selected by a group of experts and included: lactate dehydrogenase levels as a measure of intravascular hemolysis; complete terminal complement inhibition; absence of major adverse vascular events, including thrombosis; absence of any adverse events leading to death or discontinuation of study treatment; transfusion avoidance; and improvements in fatigue‐related quality of life as determined by the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT)‐Fatigue score. From these variables, a novel composite endpoint was constructed and explored using data collected in the ravulizumab PNH Study 301 (NCT02946463). Thresholds were defined and reported for each candidate variable. Five of the six candidate variables were included in the final composite endpoint; the FACIT‐Fatigue score was excluded. Composite endpoint criterion was defined as patients meeting all five selected individual component thresholds. All patients in the ravulizumab arm achieved complete terminal complement inhibition and a reduction in lactate dehydrogenase levels; 51.2% and 41.3% of patients in the ravulizumab arm and eculizumab arm, respectively, achieved all composite endpoint component thresholds (treatment difference: 9.4%; 95% confidence interval: −3.0, 21.5). The composite endpoint provided a single and simultaneous measurement of overall benefit for patients receiving treatment for PNH. Use of the composite endpoint in future PNH research is recommended to determine clinical benefit, and its use in health technology assessments should be evaluated.
Fast but steady: An integrated leaf‐stem‐root trait syndrome for woody forest invaders
Authors: Fridley Jason D. , Bauerle Taryn L. , Craddock Alaä , Ebert Alex R. , Frank Douglas A. , Heberling J. Mason , Hinman Elise D. , Jo Insu , Martinez Kelsey A. , Smith Maria S. , Woolhiser Lauren J. , Yin Jingjing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSuccessful control and prevention of biological invasions depend on identifying traits of non‐native species that promote fitness advantages in competition with native species. Here, we show that, among 76 native and non‐native woody plants of deciduous forests of North America, invaders express a unique functional syndrome that combines high metabolic rate with robust leaves of longer lifespan and a greater duration of annual carbon gain, behaviours enabled by seasonally plastic xylem structure and rapid production of thin roots. This trait combination was absent in all native species examined and suggests the success of forest invaders is driven by a novel resource‐use strategy. Furthermore, two traits alone—annual leaf duration and nuclear DNA content—separated native and invasive species with 93% accuracy, supporting the use of functional traits in invader risk assessments. A trait syndrome reflecting both fast growth capacity and understorey persistence may be a key driver of forest invasions.
Association between depression and motoric cognitive risk syndrome among community‐dwelling older adults in China: A 4‐year prospective cohort study
Authors: Xu Weihao , Bai Anying , Liang Yuanfeng , Lin Zhanyi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeDepression can lead to a wide range of adverse health outcomes, including dementia. However, evidence supporting the relationship between depression and motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), a pre‐dementia syndrome, remains lacking. This study aimed to examine the association between depression and MCR among community‐dwelling Chinese older adults.MethodsData were taken from the 2011 and 2015 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Depression was defined by a Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D) score ≥10. MCR was defined as subjective cognitive complaints and objective slow gait speed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations between depression and MCR at baseline and a 4‐year follow‐up period for the sample population and gender groups.ResultsThe prevalence of MCR was higher in participants with depression than in those without depression at baseline (12.2% vs. 8.9%; p = 0.001). Participants with depression at baseline had a higher 4‐year incidence of MCR than those without depression (14.8% vs. 8.7%; p < 0.001). Both cross‐sectional analysis (odds ratio [OR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–1.75) and prospective analysis (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.56–2.44) demonstrated that depression was significantly associated with MCR. These associations were consistent across different gender groups and stronger among female individuals.ConclusionsDepression is an independent risk factor for MCR among community‐dwelling Chinese older adults. Special attention should be paid to the care of older people with depression to reduce the occurrence of MCR and even dementia.
Daratumumab for treatment‐refractory antibody‐mediated diseases in neurology
Authors: Scheibe Franziska , Ostendorf Lennard , Prüss Harald , Radbruch Helena , Aschman Tom , Hoffmann Sarah , Blau Igor‐Wolfgang , Meisel Christian , Alexander Tobias , Meisel Andreas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeA fraction of patients with antibody‐mediated autoimmune diseases remain unresponsive to first‐/second‐line and sometimes even to escalation immunotherapies. Because these patients are still affected by poor outcome and increased mortality, we investigated the safety and efficacy of the plasma cell‐depleting anti‐CD38 antibody daratumumab in life‐threatening, antibody‐mediated autoimmune diseases.MethodsIn this retrospective, single‐center case series, seven patients with autoantibody‐driven neurological autoimmune diseases (autoimmune encephalitis, n = 5; neurofascin antibody‐associated chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy associated with sporadic late onset nemaline myopathy, n = 1; seronegative myasthenia gravis, n = 1) unresponsive to a median of four (range = 4–9) immunotherapies were treated with four to 20 cycles of 16 mg/kg daratumumab.ResultsDaratumumab allowed a substantial clinical improvement in all patients, as measured by modified Rankin Scale (mRS; before treatment: mRS =5, n = 7; after treatment: median mRS =4, range = 0–5), Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis (from median 21 to 3 points, n = 5), Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment disability score (from 7 to 0 points, n = 1), and Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis score (from 16 to 8 points, n = 1). Daratumumab induced a substantial reduction of disease‐specific autoreactive antibodies, total IgG (serum, 66%, n = 7; cerebrospinal fluid, 58%, n = 5), and vaccine‐induced titers for rubella (50%) and tetanus toxoid (74%). Treatment‐related toxicities Grade 3 or higher occurred in five patients, including one death.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that daratumumab provided a clinically relevant depletion of autoreactive long‐lived plasma cells, identifying plasma cell‐targeted therapies as promising escalation therapy for highly active, otherwise treatment‐refractory autoantibody‐mediated neurological diseases.
Prosthetics of the Soul: Disability, Christianity, and Transitional Experience in Uganda
Authors: Zoanni Tyler 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article reflects on the religious narratives and psychological processes of transformation in the life of a disabled man in Uganda. It calls attention to the work of Christian genre conventions that privilege decisive breaks as well as to the ways that this man's subjectivity is irreducible to such breaks. Here, the article takes inspiration from psychodynamic approaches and a psychoanalytic ethics of close listening. The analysis draws particularly on the work of D. W. Winnicott to think about transformation as “transition” or a mode of personal development that is partial, uneven, and reliant on enabling objects and relations. It conceives of these objects and relations as “prosthetics of the soul” that scaffold people's material and psychic lives, allowing change that is meaningful yet rarely seamless or straightforward.
Global crustacean stock assessment modelling: Reconciling available data and complexity
Authors: Hodgdon Cameron T. , Khalsa Noah S. , Li Yunzhou , Sun Ming , Boenish Robert , Chen Yong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDespite their growing socio‐economic importance globally, relatively little is understood about how crustacean stocks are assessed, which has potential to compromise fishery sustainability, especially under heavy exploitation and environmental changes. To inform stock assessment model application for emergent fisheries, we evaluated model use for crustacean stocks available in the RAM Legacy Database (RAMLDB) and the evolution of model use for four case‐study fisheries, emphasizing the relationship between data availability and model complexity. Differences in model use between FAO fishing regions and crustacean species sub‐groups were identified. Only 60.9% of crustacean stocks in the RAMLDB identified the model used for assessment. For the remaining stocks, we collected ancillary data to fill the information gaps, amounting to 92.5% of crustacean stocks in RAMLDB. Of these, model complexity varied from count‐based to environmentally explicit statistical catch‐at‐length methods, but tended to be data intensive, likely due to biases towards regions with more developed fishery management programmes. Furthermore, regional comparisons indicated that crustaceans are only well‐assessed in a few geographical hotspots. The progression of model use over time was inconsistent between case‐study fisheries, being driven by myriad factors including data availability, confidence in biological processes and ecological considerations. Our findings can be used as a resource to help inform model choice for fisheries management. Towards the goal of seeking global best practices for crustacean stock assessments, future work should address knowledge gaps in regional stock assessment model use and conduct comparative studies to evaluate stock‐specific costs and benefits relating to model complexity.
Sampling and modelling rare species: Conceptual guidelines for the neglected majority
Authors: Jeliazkov Alienor , Gavish Yoni , Marsh Charles J. , Geschke Jonas , Brummitt Neil , Rocchini Duccio , Haase Peter , Kunin William E. , Henle Klaus 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiodiversity conservation faces a methodological conundrum: Biodiversity measurement often relies on species, most of which are rare at various scales, especially prone to extinction under global change, but also the most challenging to sample and model. Predicting the distribution change of rare species using conventional species distribution models is challenging because rare species are hardly captured by most survey systems. When enough data are available, predictions are usually spatially biased towards locations where the species is most likely to occur, violating the assumptions of many modelling frameworks. Workflows to predict and eventually map rare species distributions imply important trade‐offs between data quantity, quality, representativeness and model complexity that need to be considered prior to survey and analysis. Our opinion is that study designs need to carefully integrate the different steps, from species sampling to modelling, in accordance with the different types of rarity and available data in order to improve our capacity for sound assessment and prediction of rare species distribution. In this article, we summarize and comment on how different categories of species rarity lead to different types of occurrence and distribution data depending on choices made during the survey process, namely the spatial distribution of samples (where to sample) and the sampling protocol in each selected location (how to sample). We then clarify which species distribution models are suitable depending on the different types of distribution data (how to model). Among others, for most rarity forms, we highlight the insights from systematic species‐targeted sampling coupled with hierarchical models that allow correcting for overdispersion and spatial and sampling sources of bias. Our article provides scientists and practitioners with a much‐needed guide through the ever‐increasing diversity of methodological developments to improve the prediction of rare species distribution depending on rarity type and available data.
Two‐stage development, allocation strategies' effect, and industrial land policies' adjustment, China
Authors: Zhang Danxia , Zhang Juanfeng , Han Rui , Zhan Dongsheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLocal governments are faced with ‘financial’ and ‘political’ double‐pressure to attract business investment with the low‐price industrial land in China. This study tests the effect of industrial land allocation strategy on local tax and employment using the Driscoll‐Kraay (D‐K) standard error fixed‐effect model in different stages. The empirical results indicate that the taxation and employment‐pulling effects are still effective in the full‐sample model. However, in the stage of rapid economic development (2007–2012), the interaction term coefficient between industrial land scale and price is –0.026 and is significant at 5% level. This result suggests that the low‐price and large‐scale industrial land allocation strategies of local governments have a significant impact on the tax. For every 1% decrease in industrial land price, the regional employment growth is 0.071%. In the structure transformation stage (2013–2019), the industrial land scale can influence increasing local taxation. The effectiveness of local government industrial land allocation strategy on regional employment is weakened.