bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation profiles between interoception and exteroception in psychotic patients versus healthy controls
Authors: Donadeo A. , Politi P. , Silva A. , Civardi S.C. , Farinella E. , Brondino N. , Olivola M. , Sommi F. , Damiani S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIndividual abilities to perceive internal and external sensations are defined respectively as interoception and exteroception: the dysregulation of these functions can explain many psychotic symptoms. (Ardizzi et al. 2016)ObjectivesWe evaluated the differences in the interoceptive and exteroceptive perception between 39 patients with psychosis and 250 healthy controls using self-administered questionnaires. The association between interoception and exteroception in the two groups was also tested.MethodsThe tests we used are AASP (Adolescent / Adult Sensory Profile) and MAIA (Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness). Differences were measured with t-tests, associations with spearman’s correlation.ResultsSignificant differences emerged between the two samples in the AASP total score and in its Low registration (LR) and Sensory Avoiding (SA) sub-scales and in the MAIA total score and in all its sub-scales except “Not Worrying” (Fig.1). Different patterns of associations between AASP and MAIA were observed: psychotic patients showed negative correlations between MAIA and AASP in the LR and Sensation Seeking (SS) sub-scales and in the auditory (AU) and tactile (TO) sensory channels. Healthy controls, positive correlations emerged between MAIA and AASP in the Sensation Seeking (SK) sub-scale and in the “perception of movement” (MO) sub-score (Fig.2)(Fig.3).ConclusionsHigher scores of psychotic patients in AASP and MAIA reveal both a disregulated sensory related behavior and a hightened awareness towards internal stimuli. The negative correlation between the two scales in psychotic subjects highlights the importance of the interaction between internal and external perception in determining the global subjective experience.
The correlation between first words appearance and productive speech in adolescents with schizophrenia
Authors: Shvedovskiy E. , Zvereva N. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionShown that there is connection between early development and the current speech parameters in adolescents with schizophrenia. With a more pronounced lag in speech, there was a decrease in the actualization of speech semantic links.ObjectivesPresent work aims for a more detailed analysis of the correlations between early speech development and the actual level of development of speech activity in adolescents with schizophrenia.MethodsSampleAge12,2 - 18,2 (SD=1,35)males17females13DSF20.xx, F21.xx, F25.xx, F06.xx, F32.xx, F33.xx, F50.xx.Analysis of medical records (medical history) “Syllabic Test”. Parameters: Standard Ratio (SR, SR_2, SR_3); Response Time (RT, RT_2, RT_3). The correlation between the indicators measured by the Spearman correlation coefficient (rs).ResultsThere was no statistically significant correlation between the First Words (FW) and SR: rs = -0.031, p> 0.05.FW and SR_2 (rs = -0.004, p> 0.05), FW and SR_3 (rs = 0.107, p> 0.05). In addition, statistically significant correlation did not revealed between FW and RT: FW and RT (rs = 0.067, p>0.05), FW and RT_2 (rs = 0.041, p>0.05), FW and RT_3 (rs = 0.066, p>0.05).ConclusionsThe results obtained on the Syllabic test in adolescent sample correspond to the previously identified indicators in adult patients with schizophrenia. RT tends to increase with an increase in the FW age. The limitations of present study: the lack of objectivity in medical history data (mainly parents interview), small sample size and large heterogeneity of DS of patients.
Values and implicit self-stigmatization among people with mental disorders
Authors: Arina G. , Oleichik I. , Fyodorova E. , Iosifyan M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPeople with mental disorder can share negative stereotypes, related to mental disorders. This might cause self-stigmatization, which is negatively related to quality of life and compliance with treatment. This self-stigmatization can be non-conscious or implicit, which might complicate it detection and further therapy.ObjectivesIn present study we investigated the role of values in implicit self-stigmatization among 40 women diagnosed with schizophrenia (mean age 23.77 years ±6).MethodsParticipants completed the Portrait Value Questionnaire (Schwartz, 2003) and two brief implicit association tests (BIAT), measuring implicit self-esteem and attitudes towards mental disorders (Corrigan et al., 2010). The results of two BIATs were combined as a measure of implicit self-stigmatization.ResultsA linear regression model was built. Four values (self-enhancement, self-transcendence, openness to change and conservation values) were entered as independent variables, while implicit self-stigmatization – as dependent variable. It was found that self-transcendence values were marginally negatively related to implicit self-stigmatization (b=-.122, β=-.398, SE=.064, p=.067), while other values were not significantly related to it (ps>.125).ConclusionsSelf-transcendence values – values related to the well-being of others, which include tolerance, altruism and protection for the welfare of all people and for nature – are negatively related to implicit or non-conscious self-stigmatization. This finding, although marginally significant, is in line with previous studies. Previous studies showed that self-transcendence values are also negatively associated with explicit or conscious self-stigmatization (Lannin et al., 2020). Thus, these values can be targets for programs which aim to decrease self-stigmatization tendencies among patients with mental illness.
Recovery in schizophrenia: A network analysis of inter-relationships among disease-related variables, personal resources, context-related factors and real-life functioning
Authors: Mucci A. , Galderisi S. , Rucci P. , Rossi A. , Rocca P. , Bertolino A. , Maj M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract BodyCentral to recovery-oriented approaches in schizophrenia are treatment integration and personalization, targeting key variables beyond symptom reduction. The Italian network for research on psychoses conducted a study demonstrating, using network analysis, the central role of community activities in bridging the effects of symptoms, cognition, functional capacity and service engagement on real-word functioning. A 4-year follow-up study was recently completed and the presentation will illustrate the findings. Network analysis was used to test whether relationships among all variables at baseline were similar at follow-up. In addition, the network structure was compared between subjects classified as recovered or non-recovered at follow-up. Six hundred eighteen subjects were assessed at both baseline and 4-year follow-up. Results showed that the network structure was stable from baseline to follow-up, and the overall strength of the connections among variables did not significantly change. Functional capacity and everyday life skills were the most central variables in the network at both baseline and follow-up, while psychopathological variables were more peripheral. The network structure of non-recovered patients was similar to the one observed in the whole sample, but very different from that of recovered subjects, showing few connections among the different nodes. These data strongly suggest that connections among symptoms/dysfunctions tend to maintain over time, contributing to poor outcome in schizophrenia. Early treatment plans, targeting variables with high centrality, might prevent the emergence of self-reinforcing networks of symptoms and dysfunctions in people with schizophrenia.DisclosureArmida Mucci has been a consultant and/or advisor to or has received honoraria from Gedeon Richter Bulgaria, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Lundbeck, Otsuka, Pfizer and Pierre Fabre. None of these has any impact on this abstract and on the presented study.
Bleuler’s a or autism spectrum disorder in adults?
Authors: Miranda J. , Silva L. , Almeida C. , Figueiredo I. , Machado D. , Fonseca S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionNowadays we know that autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and Schizophrenic spectrum (SS) are different types of disorders in their etiology, symptoms and prognosis, but the clinical distinction is often difficult to make due to comorbidity and similar symptoms.ObjectivesWith this project, the authors intend to explore the differential diagnosis between ASD and SS specially when we talk about critical ages of onset.MethodsAn analysis of articles searched on Pubmed (articles between 2010-2020) with the key words “adult autism”, “childhood onset schizophrenia”, “childhood psychosis”.ResultsEarly-onset schizophrenia (EOS) is defined as occurring before age 18 years. The condition share key diagnostic symptoms with adult-onset schizophrenia (AOS) but his prognoses and comorbidities differ. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties since early childhood across reciprocal social communication and restricted interests and behaviors. ASD is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder, however there is a lack of answers and research for adults with ASD. There are shared aspects of odd thinking, rigid behaviors and impaired socialization in schizophrenia and ASD and COS seems to have a strong relationship with ASD, being comorbid in up to 50% of cases.ConclusionsUsually the evaluation of the developmental history of the person, prodrome and onset, its course and the presence of positive symptoms of schizophrenia is enough to help us find a diagnosis. Unfortunately, in some ages the conclusion is not so easy to find. However is essential to determine whether the clinical manifestations belong to the autistic spectrum, the schizophrenic or result from comorbidity.
What is the best approach for patients with prolonged duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) - about 2 clinical cases with dup longer than 10 years
Authors: Gomes R. , Santos C. , Moutinho F. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionStudies have consistently found that many individuals with psychosis experience significant delays before receiving treatment. DUP refers to the period between the emergence of psychotic symptoms and the initiation of appropriate clinical treatment.ObjectivesTo review current knowledge on the best approach for patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and prolonged DUP.MethodsNon-systematic review of literature through search on PubMed database, following the terms “DUP and treatment” and “impact of longer DUP”. Two clinical cases are described.ResultsThe clinical cases describe patients with SCZ with DUPs older than 10 years, in whom we could not achieve complete clinical remission after several therapeutic trials and whose prognosis was admitted as reserved. Longer DUP is an independent predictor of poorer outcome in SCZ, including the poor response to treatment and difficulty in achieving remission, predicting treatment resistance. Identifying treatment-resistant patients is crucial due to the importance of initiating clozapine as early as possible since the chances of responding are higher.ConclusionsDUP is a key prognostic variable in psychosis, revealing the significance of early treatment. Patients with long DUP should be regarded as at high risk of poor recovery. The detection of these patients enables clinicians to avoid unnecessary exposure to ineffective treatments while effective interventions are delayed. However, in view of adverse side effects of clozapine, future studies need to examine relevant predictors to detect accurately non-responders. We also suggest further studies to understand if there is correspondence between DUP and different stages of the disease that justify these results.
Adherence to treatment in patients with delusional disorder - study of acute inpatient population in psychiatry ward between 2007-2017
Authors: Delgado A. , Barbosa D. , Curral R. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDelusional disorder is a mental illness in which delusions are the dominant symptom. Delusional disorder is not well studied relative to other psychotic disorders - it is poorly understood in practically every aspect of its nature, including cause, phenomenology, prevalence, comorbidity, course, treatment, and prognosis.ObjectivesTo study the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of individuals admitted for inpatient treatment with the diagnosis of delusional disorder, in particular the adherence to treatment.MethodsRetrospective observational study of inpatient treatment of patients with delusional disorder diagnosis between january 1st2007 and 31th december of 2017 in the Psychiatry Service of CHUSJ. Follow up of 2 years from discharge. Data collected included sociodemographic characteristics and clinical features. Descriptive analysis of the results was performed using SPSS (v.26).ResultsIn the period of time analyzed, 152 hospitalizations were identified, corresponding to 114 patients: 38.2% male and 62.8% female. The average age was 58 years. 3 months after discharge: 65% of patients were going to the medical appointments, which dropped to 60% in 6 months, 55% in 12 months, 53% in 12 and 24 months. Regarding adherence to the treatment: 65% of patients were still adherent to medication in 3 months time, 55% in 6 months, dropping to 50% in a year and to 48% in 2 years. There is a relation between involuntary discharge and adherence to consultations and medication.ConclusionsA cardinal characteristic of delusional disorder, conviction that one is not mentally ill, contributes complexity to the treatment challenges and profoundly affects the therapeutic relationship.
Impact of male infertility on self-esteem
Authors: Zouari A. , Hammami F. , Ellouze S. , Turki M. , Jenhani R. , Chibani M. , Ghachem R. , Jallad S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionInfertile males experience considerable psychological distress, with feelings of inadequacy, marginalization, guilt and loss ofself-esteem.ObjectivesOur study aims to investigate the impact of male infertility on men’s self-esteem and to study risk factorsfor low self-esteem.MethodsWe conducted a cross sectional, descriptive and analytical study, including 108 infertile men who presented to the laboratory of reproductive biology and the unit of assisted medical procreation of Military Hospital of Tunis between June and September 2019. For each patient, we collected sociodemographic and clinical data. We used Rosenberg scale to assess self-esteem.ResultsThe average age of participants was 36.8 years. Eleven patients had a history of varicocele (10.18%) and six of them sufferedfrom associated erectile dysfunction (5.55%). Infertility was primary in most of patients (77.8%) with an average duration of 3.32 years. 25% of patients had at least one previous failed assisted reproductive attempt. Spermogram abnormalities were found in 78.7% of patients. The mean score of Rosenberg scale was 30.68±4.35. Low self-esteem was associated with older age (p=0.006), lower educational level (p=0.019) and longer duration of infertility (p=0.022). Men who had children had better self-esteem (p=0.022). No associations were found between self-esteem and erectile dysfunction or previous failed assisted reproductive technique attempt.ConclusionsOur results show that infertility reduces men’s self-esteem, especially of patients with lower educational level and longer duration of infertility. Physician dealing with infertility should be aware of these psychosocial aspects and offer help when needed.
Third generation cognitive-behavioral therapies and genital pain
Authors: Barbosa D. , Ramos B. , Covelo V. , Mota M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionGenital pain is a heterogeneous chronic pain condition and the relationship between biological, psychological and social factors sets a complex clinical challenge. The importance of negative thoughts and emotions has opened up an opportunity for the role of third generation cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT). While the majority of evidence revolves around female sexual desire and arousal problems, research on genital pain disorders is beginning to take shape.ObjectivesTo review the evidence of third generation CBT on genital pain disorder.MethodsReview of literature using the Pubmed platform.ResultsWe identified 21 publications. Evidence shows that mindfulness-based CBT (MbCBT) improves reduction of fear linked to sexual activity, pain acceptance, catastrophizing and decentering. MbCBT shows significant improvements on secondary outcomes (overall sexual function, sexual satisfaction, depression and anxiety) while reduction of genital pain has yielded contradictory results. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has been studied for chronic pain disorders with improvements on pain acceptance, psychological flexibility, anxiety, depression and functioning. Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) has yielded favorable results on pain distress and intensity, self-efficacy, self-acceptance, anxiety and depression. Self-compassion may be a promising protective factor in genital pain. Both ACT and CFT have not yet been studied specifically for genital pain.ConclusionsThird generation CBT are most commonly used for depressive, anxiety and chronic pain disorders which signals the logical role that these interventions may have in genital pain. While MbCBT has started to present favorable results in treating genital pain (as well other sexual problems), ACT and CFT require more research.
Psychosocial adversity and the developing brain: Findings from the abcd study on 10,000 us children
Authors: Frangou S. , Modabbernia A. , Doucet G. , Janiri D. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundChildhood exposure to social risk has the potential to disrupt brain development and increase vulnerability to adverse mental health outcomes. Here, we examine the effect of adversity on brain structure and psychopathology in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a US population-based sample of 10 year-olds.MethodsPersonal, caregiver, family and neighborhood characteristics were considered in 9299 unrelated children [age: mean (sd)=9.9 y (0.6); 53% males]. Hidden Markov Models were used identify clusters of participants based on their psychosocial exposure. The identified clusters were compared in terms of current psychopathology, lifetime psychiatric diagnosis, intelligence and brain structure.ResultsABCD participants clustered in to a “disadvantaged” group (N=4205) with multiple adverse exposures, and an “enriched” group (N= 5094) with limited exposure to adversity and multiple protective factors. Compared to the enriched group, the disadvantaged group had higher levels of all types of psychopathology and lifetime psychiatric diagnoses; lower scores on fluid and crystallized intelligence; smaller subcortical volumes; thinner sensorimotor cortices and thicker cortex in frontal regions; smaller surface area in temporal regions and larger surface area in the posterior cingulate cortices (all p<0.05 following Bonferroni correction for multiple testing).ConclusionsSocial adversity has significant and wide-ranging consequences for brain development and psychopathology, that shows little specificity for types of symptoms.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Sexual dysfunctions and sexual behaviors of normal weight, overweight and obese sexual minority men
Authors: Pereira H. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWith the growing recognition of overweightness and obesity as significant, international public health concerns, the body of research investigating the relationship between body mass index (BMI), sexual health and sexual functioning in sexual minority men is still scarce.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to assess sexual health determinants (sexual behavior and sexual functioning) in relation to normal weight, overweightness and obesity among gay and bisexual men.MethodsThe survey included four categories of questions/measurements, encompassing sociodemographic information, protected/unprotected sexual behaviors, sexual functioning, and BMI. The survey was conducted online, and recruitment consisted of online notifications (emails and electronic messages), and advertisements sent to LGBT community organizations, mailing lists, and social networks.ResultsThe study sample was composed of 741 gay and bisexual men, ranging in age from 21 to 75 years old (Mage=43.30, SDage=11.37), 62.5% of men self-identified as gay and 37.5% as bisexual. Prevalence of normal weight was 50.3%, of overweight 33.3% and of obesity 16.4%. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis to assess the effects of BMI on sexual health showed that being younger in age, self-identifying as gay, being in a relationship, having longer penises, adopting insertive position in sex and being normal weight were significant predictors of anal receptive sex without condoms, explaining 24.2% of the total variance. Yet, BMI was not predictive of sexual functioning.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the importance of including BMI in sexual behavior models of sexual minority men to better understand BMI’s role in influencing sexual risk.
Sexual dysfunction in infertile couples
Authors: Daoud M. , Omri S. , Smaoui N. , Feki R. , Bouali M. Maalej , Zouari L. , Thabet J. Ben , Charfi N. , Maalej M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionInteractions between infertility and sexuality are numerous and complex. Recently more attention is being paid to the impact of infertility on the marital sexuality.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of infertility on sexual functions.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive study, the obstetric gynecology department Basic demographic information was collected. Respondents were surveyed regarding sexual impact and perception of their infertility etiology.ResultsOur patients had an average age of 33.2. The average number of years of infertility was 3.9 years.. The most common cause of female infertility was an ovulat disorder (36%), that of male infertility was sperm production defect. The confrontation with a diagnosis of infertility marks a difference in the way couples organize their sexual life. In our study, sexual problems after this diagnosis were experienced by 38% of women. Sexual dysfunction was detected as a pain problem (24%), a desire problem (10%), an arousal problem (4%), and an orgasm problem in 6% and. Faced with this situation, women felt guilty (46%), angry (72%) and anxious (82%). Infertility was perceived as the worst experience of life by 78% of our patients.ConclusionsInfertility can interfere negatively in women sexuality. The investigation of sexual difficulties in infertility consultations must be systematic.