bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of ChatGPT in decision making for gender-affirming surgery
Authors: Koss Mitchell R. , McLaughlin Matthew , Switalla Kayla , Falade Israel , Kim Esther 
Published: February 2025

Aim: Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have transformed access to health information. For transgender individuals considering gender-affirming surgery (GAS), accurate and reliable information is essential for informed decision making. This study aimed to quantitatively assess the use of ChatGPT among individuals considering GAS and its impact on their decision-making process.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in January 2024 on Prolific. Participants included English-speaking U.S. users over 18 whose current gender differed from their assigned gender at birth. The survey collected demographic information, evaluated interest in GAS, and examined interactions with ChatGPT. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis.
Results: The study included 207 participants (average age 30.2 years), primarily identifying as non-binary (40.6%), transgender men (29.5%), and transgender women (13%). Most expressed interest in GAS (89%). Primary information sources for GAS were online forums (24.6%), medical websites (21.3%), and social media (17.4%). While many had used ChatGPT (73%), few utilized it for GAS information (6.7%). Among those who did, the majority (70%) rated its usefulness as moderate to slight, with some reporting a positive influence on their decision making (40%). Trust in ChatGPT’s information was moderate to highly rated by 80% of participants.
Conclusions: In our cohort, ChatGPT is less commonly used for GAS information than online forums and medical websites. This suggests that patients prefer platforms that offer visual content, human interaction, and relatability. These findings highlight the importance of guiding patients toward reliable health information sources, such as healthcare providers, reputable medical websites, and academic literature, to support informed decision making.
Experimental Study of Erosion of Defective Pipeline under Variable Water Level
Authors: Guo Jixiang , Zhang Yanjun , Cheng Yuxiang , Shi Haoxin , Zhang Xin , Zheng Jianqiao 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Driven by groundwater, defective pipelines can cause soil erosion and pose significant risks to the surrounding infrastructure. In this study, the evolution and collapse characteristics of formation stress caused by defective pipelines were considered not only under the constant groundwater level condition that previous studies have focused on but also under rainfall or flood scenarios (the groundwater level rises briefly and then quickly returns to its original height). This study developed a large-scale 3×2×2 m 3D physical model experimental setup to simulate the process of seepage erosion and collapse within the strata induced by groundwater. The results showed that groundwater seepage provided power for the migration of soil in the stratum, and the defects of pipelines offered migration space for the soil. When soil migration induced by groundwater into the defective pipeline caused the overlying strata to lose bearing capacity, surface subsidence occurred. Compared with the condition of constant groundwater level, the collapse volume under variable groundwater level decreased by 3.48%, but more irregular sinkholes appeared on the surface, which posed a greater threat to regional infrastructure and human activities. The increase in the height of the constant groundwater level not only prolonged the erosion process but also induced a larger erosion cavity and expanded the collapse volume. The increase in overburden thickness intensified the stress change in the stratum, resulting in a larger reduction in in-situ stress and enlarging the scale of erosion and collapse. This study uncovers the critical mechanisms by which rainfall and flooding trigger surface collapse around defective pipelines, offering valuable insights for pipeline design, maintenance, and risk assessment in the petroleum industry.
Impact of Mining Tailings on Soil Decomposition and Carbon Stabilisation in a Riparian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Barbosa Milton , Figueiredo João Carlos Gomes , Negreiros Daniel , Maia Renata Aparecida , Oki Yumi , Souza Lucas Rodrigues , Santos Marcos Paulo , Reis Rebeca Ferreira , Rocha Quezia Emanuelle Ferreira , Nunes Yule Roberta Ferreira , Veloso Maria das Dores Magalhães , Fernandes Geraldo Wilson 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the impacts of mining tailings on soil decomposition processes in a riparian Atlantic Forest ecosystem, focusing on the Samarco dam disaster in Brazil. Understanding these impacts is vital for restoration and management of contaminated environments. We employed the Tea Bag Index method to measure soil decomposition rates (k) and stabilisation factors (S) at contaminated and reference sites across different seasonal conditions. Soil chemical and physical properties were analysed to determine their influence on decomposition processes. Results indicated significantly lower decomposition rates in contaminated soils compared to reference sites, particularly during wet conditions and at mid-incubation periods. The stabilisation factor was lower in contaminated soils, suggesting a reduced capacity for carbon sequestration. Seasonal variations significantly affected decomposition dynamics, highlighting the complex interactions between environmental conditions and soil contamination. The study underscores the profound impact of mining tailings on soil ecological functions, particularly on decomposition rates and carbon stabilisation. These findings are crucial for developing strategies to mitigate the impacts of such disturbances and enhance the resilience and recovery of affected ecosystems.
Elucidating the role of a molecular anion in mutual neutralisation reactions
Authors: Thomas Richard , Poline Mathias , Dochain Arnaud , Ji MingChao , Martini Paul , Rosén Stefan , Björkhage Mikael , Blom Mikael , Reinhed Peter , Simonsson Ansgar , Cederquist Henrik , Zettergren Henning , Schmidt Henning , Larsson Mats , Ndengué Steve , Quintas-Sánchez Ernesto , Dawes Richard , Ard Shaun G. , Shuman Nicholas S. , Viggiano Albert 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

We have studied the MN of NO+ with NO2- under single-collision conditions at a collision energy of ≈0.1 eV. Combining cryogenically stored-and-merged ion beams with coincident-product imaging, we determine that the reaction predominantly produces ground-state NO and electronically excited NO2, a fraction of which rapidly dissociates to ground-state NO + O. As a consequence, prior studies, based on fluorescence detection, missed more than 97% of the reaction products. New high-level calculations reveal a complex charge-transfer interaction, in which both Renner--Teller and Jahn--Teller couplings in the neutralised anion play key roles. These aspects illustrate that charge-transfer reactions involving polyatomic anions may be extremely sensitive to the neutralised anion's electronic structure and geometry
Disturbed cold gas in galaxy and structure formation
Authors: Zou Siwei , Simcoe Rob , Petitjean Patrick , Peroux Celine , Champagne Jaclyn , Wang Feige , Liang Jinning , Jiang Fangzhou , Li Zihao , Sun Wen , Fan Xiaohui , Yang Jinyi , Ho Luis , Lin Xiaojing , Li Jianan , Lyu Jianwei , Wang Lile , Liu Weizhe , Farina Emanuele Paolo , Jin Xiangyu , Cheng Cheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Cold and cool gas (T ≤ 104 K) in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) and its interaction with galaxies remain poorly understood. Simulations predict that cold gas flows into galaxies through cosmic filaments, determining the disk formation and galaxy evolution. The cold gas accretion modes in the CGM and their dependence on dark matter halo mass and redshift remain puzzling. Resolving the kiloparsec-scale kinematics and dynamics of cold gas interacting with the disk, dust, and metals in different environments is particularly lacking at z > 2. Here we report two disturbed cold gas structures traced by ultra-strong MgII absorbers (rest-frame equivalent width Wr > 2 Å) exhibiting high kinematic velocities (> 500 km/s) and their environments at z ~ 4.9 and z ~ 2.6. Observations were conducted with VLT/MUSE, JWST/NIRCam, and ALMA to detect Lyα and nebular emission lines, as well as dust continuum emission in the vicinity of these two absorbing gas structures. We identify two Lyα emitters associated with a strong MgII absorber pair separated by ~1000 km/s at z ~ 4.87. The pair exhibits relative differences in metallicity, dust content, and ionization states, suggesting internal metal and dust exchange within the ultra-large cold gas structure. For the strong MgII absorber at z = 2.5652, we detect a dusty star-forming galaxy at a projected distance of D = 38 kpc. This galaxy exhibits prominent HeI, [SIII], and Paschenγ lines, along with significant dust continuum. It has a star formation rate of ~ 121+/-33 M☉/yr and likely harbors a rotating disk. These findings tentatively suggest that cold gas at high redshifts plays a critical role in driving disk formation and actively participates in the transfer of metals and dust within the overdense regions of the CGM.
Using Generative AI to Increase Skeptics' Engagement with Climate Science
Authors: Bago Bence , Muller Philippe , Bonnefon Jean-François 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Climate skepticism remains a significant barrier to public engagement with accurate climate information, because skeptics actively engage in information avoidance to escape exposure to climate facts. Here we show that generative AI can enhance engagement with climate science among skeptical audiences by subtly modifying headlines to align better with their existing perspectives, without compromising factual integrity. In a controlled experiment (N = 2000) using a stylized social media interface, headlines of climate science articles modified by an open-source large language model (Llama3 70B, version 3.0) led to more bookmarks and more upvotes, and these effects were strongest among the most skeptical participants. Skeptics who engaged with climate science as a result of this intervention showed a shift in beliefs toward the scientific consensus by the end of the study. These results show that generative AI can alter the information diet skeptics consume, with the promise that scalable, sustained engagement will promote better epistemic health. They highlight the potential of generative AI as a tool for truth, showing that while it can be misused by bad actors, it also holds promise for advancing public understanding of science when responsibly deployed by well-intentioned actors.
Interlayer Valley Coupling and Hybridized Excitons in Twisted van der Waals Bilayers with Broken Translational Symmetry
Authors: Liu Yanping , Xie Xing , Chen Junying , Li Shaofei , Ding Junnan , He Jun , Liu Zongwen , Wang Jian-Tao , Wang Xuewen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Twisted van der Waals (vdW) bilayers, characterized by strong moiré effects and interlayer coupling, offer a versatile platform for exploring novel quantum phenomena. At large twist angles, the broken translational symmetry facilitates the alignment of intralayer and interlayer valley momenta through Umklapp scattering, enabling unique intervalley coupling. However, the experimental investigation of such couplings in twisted vdW bilayers with broken translational symmetry remains scarce. Here, we report the observation of interlayer K and −K valley coupling in twisted vdW bilayers with broken translational symmetry, demonstrated by the emergence of strong photoluminescence from high-energy interlayer hybridized excitons. These excitons are absent in commensurate homobilayers and exhibit an almost negligible valley Zeeman effect, attributed to the robust hybridization between intralayer and interlayer excitons. This hybridization drives a unique magnetic-field-dependent valley polarization in excitons with distinct spin states. As temperature increases, the hybridized excitons detune, bringing their energy closer to that of intralayer excitons. These findings highlight the fundamental role of broken translational symmetry in moiré physics and open new avenues for exploring quantum phenomena in aperiodic twisted vdW materials.
Secreted Rhizobacterial β-Glucosidase Unlocks Coumarin-Mediated Root Iron Uptake
Authors: Wang Guodong , Wang Xiaochen , Xu Xindan , Wang Xuemei , Chen Qingwen , Zhao Qiao , Wei Jin-Wei , Jiang Peng , Bai Yang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The root secreted metabolites of plants play a crucial role in shaping the composition and function of the root microbiota. In turn, the finely-tuned microbiota typically enhance the plant's ability to adapt to various environmental challenges. This interactive process in the rhizosphere is largely driven by chemical dynamics influenced by both the plant and microbial communities. To explore the structure-function relationship between root specialized metabolites (RSMs) and rhizosphere microbes, we collected root metabolome and microbiome data from Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with well-known metabolic pathways, all of which cultivated in alkaline soil. Specific associations between the rhizosphere microbiota and metabolome in each mutant, along with the observed phenotypes, illuminate the underlying mechanisms of their interactions. We uncovered a coumarin-mediated mechanism where β-glucosidase (belong to glycoside hydrolase family 3) secreted by enriched rhizobacteria alleviated iron deficiency for plants. These findings underscore the pivotal role of plant-microbe interactions in modulating metabolic dynamics, ultimately enhancing plant adaptability to environmental stresses. This study highlights the dynamic interplay between root metabolites and rhizosphere microbes, providing novel insights into plant-microbe interactions and potential application in sustainable agriculture.
Spatial-Temporal Change of COVID-19 in Settlement Footprint During Outside Curfews: NUTS 1 Regions in Turkey
Authors: Gormus Sevgi , Cengiz Serhat , Yuzbasi Bahadir 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In this study, regional differences are revealed by associating the spread of the novel coronavirus with the urbanization model (settlement footprint). The most appropriate temporal and spatial heterogeneity is shown by the GWTR spatial model. Remote sensing (Landsat 8), ERA5 climate data, and CAMS air pollution estimates were used for data consistency and diversity. In addition, data sensitivity was increased with statistical downscaling techniques. The interaction of the epidemic's spread with climatic, geographical, and socio-economic factors was analyzed holistically within the scope of the information obtained.
The research and analysis of the COVID-19, is continuing in worldwide, transmission indicates that in addition to the implementation of strict lockdown measures, such as the restriction of movement, the imposition of curfews and the use of masks, settlement forms, geographical conditions and seasonal change are significant factors influencing the spread of the virus. In this study, the location and structure of settlements have been identified as a critical factor in the transmission of the disease. It covers 12 NUTS-1 regions with different structure in Turkey and the results are evaluated with the GTWR (Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression) model. Given the diverse geographical characteristics of Turkey, the impact of the settlement forms, geographical location and seasonal change on the transmission of the COVID-19 virus varies in settlement footprint. Furthermore, given the variation in urbanization structure, ecosystem characteristics and climate structure across different regions, the response of the examined variables, both individually and in combination, to transmission also varies.
A Conserved Phage Recombinant System Counters Host CRISPR Immunity
Authors: Ma Yingfei , Zhu Heng , Dai Shengkun , Hou Shifeng , Li Yuelong , TAN Xin , Jia Ning , Li Nan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The discovery of CRISPR-Cas systems and their antagonistic anti-CRISPR proteins (Acrs) exemplifies the perpetual arms race between bacteria and phages. While bacterial CRISPR-Cas systems function as adaptive immune mechanisms to combat phage infection, phages have evolved counterstrategies, such as various Acrs that disrupt CRISPR-mediated immunity via diverse molecular pathways. Here, we report the identification of a phage-encoded multi-protein system conferring anti-type I-F CRISPR activity. This system consists of three functionally distinct proteins: a RecA ATPase (SSAP), a DUF669 domain-containing protein (SSB), and a RecB exonuclease (Exo). Our mechanistic analysis reveals that SSB acts as a first-response mediator, forming a polymeric assembly to specifically binding to the Csy_dsDNA R-LOOP structure. This interaction creates a molecular platform enabling the coordinated recruitment of SSAP and Exo, which collectively execute homologous recombination-mediated repair of CRISPR-induced phage DNA break. These findings establish a paradigm of multi-protein synergy in phage counter-defense strategies, advancing our understanding of the intricate evolutionary dynamics in host-phage conflicts.
Wetter mantle leads to deeper — not more — decompression melting
Authors: Morgan Jason , Shao Jia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The extent to which water content affects mantle melt production during decompression melting beneath mid-ocean ridges and mantle plumes is still debated. Here, we use idealized 1-D numerical experiments to explore the effects of source water content and melt-wallrock interactions on decompression melting of the mantle. The experiments demonstrate that while a wetter mantle indeed begins to melt at a greater depth than a drier mantle, the latent heat consumed by deep melting leads to lower amounts of shallow decompression melting and a similar overall amount of melt production for damp vs. dry decompression melting. This melting behavior is seen for both mid-ocean ridge-like starting mantle temperatures and higher plume-like temperatures. These results challenge previous expectations that melting of a wetter mantle source should be linked to much more melting, as has been observed for batch melting under laboratory conditions of constant pressure and increasing temperature. In addition, we find that diffusion of water from melt into surrounding wallrock can enhance decompression melting of previously melted wallrock. However, for small wallrock/mantle ratios, the net effect on total mantle melt production is relatively small (<2%).
Potent efficacy of a NA-targeting antibody against a broad spectrum of H5N1 influenza viruses
Authors: Pizzuto Matteo Samuele , Moriyama Saya , Iulio Julia di , Zatta Fabrizia , Hauser Kevin , Asanuma Hideki , Muñoz Hector , Errico John , Adachi Yu , Dang Ha , Czudnochowski Nadine , Sasaki Eita , Chen Alex , Chen Yi-Pei , Kotaki Ryutaro , Peter Alessia , Vetti Eneida , Onodera Taishi , Maher M. Cyrus , Rosen Laura , Shirakura Masayuki , snell gyorgy , Hasegawa Hideki , Takahashi Yoshimasa , Corti Davide 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

For nearly 30 years, Goose/Guangdong (Gs/Gd)-derived highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses have posed significant risks to economic stability, food security, and public health. Virus evolution has resulted in various clades, including the panzootic subclade 2.3.4.4b, recognized for its pandemic potential. Here we present the potent in vitro activity of FNI9, a pan-influenza NA-inhibiting monoclonal antibody, against a range of pseudoparticles with NA spanning 27 years of Gs/Gd-derived H5N1 virus evolution. FNI9 also shows strong prophylactic protection in mice against lethal challenges with H5N1 from clade 1 and 2.3.4.4b. Cryo-EM and molecular dynamics analysis reveal that FNI9 binds to 7 highly conserved H5N1 NA residues (R118, E119, D151, E228, E278, R293, and R368). In silico evolutionary escape profiling and machine learning indicate low escapability, high fitness costs, and minimal spread likelihood for viral mutations that evade FNI9 binding. These findings support FNI9 broad protection and underscore the NA role in future influenza vaccine design.
WITHDRAWN: Knowledge and Practices on Frozen Lamb Handling among the Catering Industry in UAE: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: saad Fadi , Rozalli Norazatul Hanim Mohd 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Late Quaternary variation in productivity and oxygen in the deep Central Indian Ocean based on benthic foraminiferal abundance and assemblages
Authors: Bharti Nisha , Bhushan Ravi , Muruganantham Mariyappan , Ajay Shivam , Gandhi Naveen , Jena Partha Sarathi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The relative abundances of ecologically sensitive and dominant benthic foraminifera (> 150 µm) in a sediment core located near the southeastern boundary of the Laccadive Sea in the Central Equatorial Indian Ocean were investigated to understand the deep-water conditions of the past 19 kyrs. Faunal analysis from 14 samples spanning the last 19 kyrs were done along with geochemical analysis of the sediment and stable isotope study of foraminifera. The investigation revealed variability in export productivity and changes in bottom water dissolved oxygen concentration primarily between the Holocene and the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), whereas the Bølling- Allerød warm event (14.7–12.9 cal kyr BP) acted as a turning point in the benthic foraminiferal assemblage. During the LGM, poorly oxygenated bottom water and high export productivity was apparent with the decreased density of species indicative of high dissolved oxygen and the dominance of species indicative of high organic carbon. Evidence of well oxygenated bottom water during the Holocene was observed with increased density of benthic foraminiferal species indicative of high dissolved oxygen. The insignificant density of the high organic carbon genus Uvigerina during the Holocene, instead of moderate food supply, infers sensitivity to the upper limit of dissolved oxygen or its increased competition with high dissolved oxygen species. This study contributes to the understanding of changes in the deep-water condition of the Central Equatorial Indian Ocean during major climatic events of the last 19 kyrs and demonstrates that the deep sea benthic foraminiferal assemblages respond to regional as well as global climate.
Evaluation of short-term stress stability in real-time using PMU measurements and artificial intelligence : towards a self-healing smart grid
Authors: hadjoudja abdkaddar , Qrich Jaouad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This article presents a new methodology for real-time evaluation of short- term voltage stability (ETCP) using Phasor Measurement Units (PMU), intelligence techniques, artificial intelligence, and data mining. This stability assessment methodology using measurements of PMU-WAMS consists of the real-time application of an intelligent machine designed and trained offline in a three-step process. First, a database is generated with the result of dynamic simulations using Monte Carlo simulation. In the second step, it classifies the working status of the system with a systematic procedure that provides the first constraint, which quickly collapses with the estimate of the maximum Lyapunov exponent and, subsequently, the dynamic performance of the stress amplitude in the calculation of dynamic indices. In the third step, data processing is performed to extract a symbolic representation of the temporary series multi-variable, which is used to train an intelligent machine based on the algorithm random forest learning. The proposed methodology is validated in the New England system of 39 bars and the performance of the methodology to classify real-time ETCP is verified, showing that I was able to anticipate voltage stability problems, reduce temp and perform control actions such as give you advice that prevents or treats the problem.