bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling the School of the Future: A Study of Existing School Practices by the Positive Changes Factory
Authors: Smekalin I. 
Published: September 2022

The share of private schools in the total number of educational institutions has increased almost 2.5-fold over the past two decades, according to a study by the Institute of Education of the National Research University Higher School of Economics. In many ways, this was a response to the market demand, with the parents becoming increasingly aware of the limitations and shortcomings of an education based on the average public school model — especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, when schooling moved home. Numerous new educational approaches that are actively offered, primarily by private schools, — especially those that classify as “alternative” schools — are another response to this demand.
Homeschooling parental: análisis de problemáticas y estrategias emergentes en familias peruanas en el contexto de SARS-COV-2
Authors: Holguin-Alvarez Jhon , Ruiz Salazar Jenny Maria , Manrique-Alvarez Giovanna 
Published: September 2022

A new emerging methodology based on the support of Homeschooling in the educational system during the pandemic is presented. The research objectives establish the evidence of parenting problems and strategies that arise during remote education. The research presented two studies, one with a quantitativedescriptive approach [n = 300] and the other, a qualitative-interpretive approach [n = 50] with parents. Virtual questionnaires and video interviews were applied to assess emerging problems and strategies during the first year of the pandemic [2020]. The results allowed to conclude on the appearance of problems with: isolation at home, Internet connectivity, parental mediation and digital literacy. Regarding the strategies applied, three categories were examined: (1) Support and mediation, (2) Role and paradigm, (3) Religion and coexistence. Strategies were found that determined two types of Homeschooling: (a) liberal, (b) conservative, whose exercise was established by aspects such as: parental regulations, their religion [conservatives], search for open cooperation, acquisition of resources by the parents to improve homeschooling [liberals].
Metode Sorogan Dalam Pembelajaran Membaca Al-Qur’an di Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Anwar Chaerul 
Published: September 2022

This study aims to reveal the effectiveness of reading the Qur'an using the sorogan method at the Al-Falah Lulut Islamic Boarding School and the factors that support and hinder the application of the method. With this research, it is hoped that it can provide new input to all parties involved in the art of reading the Qur'an in general and in particular the Al-Falah Lulut Islamic Boarding School as the place of this research. This research is a qualitative research, taking the background of Al-Falah Lulut Islamic Boarding School. Data collection is done by conducting interviews, observations, documentation, and literature review. The data analysis used is qualitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is used to analyze data that is not in the form of numbers, namely the deductive method. The results showed: The results of learning to read the Qur'an using the sorogan method for categories level one, two, and three are quite effective, in the learning process the children are very happy, but in the application of the sorogan method, it is largely determined by the abilities and skills of the tutor ustadz , because the sorogan system in teaching is the most difficult system of the entire Islamic education system.
Keywords: Srorogan Method, Read Al-Qur'an, Al-Falah Islamic Boarding School
Various conflicts of main characters in Steven Savile's novel “Stellaris: infinite frontiers”
Authors: Fuadi Awwalu Huduri Elhamas , Mandela Fitra , Alam Beny 
Published: September 2022

Background: Characters face conflicts in a story. The way the characters’ acts, reacts, and deal with the obstacles will reveal about their qualities. Any conflict arise refers to represent something.
Purpose: The aim of this research was to find conflicts of the main characters in a novel "Stellaris: Infinite Frontiers" by Steven Savile.
Design and methods: The duration of the research was from 6th of March 2020 until 14th July 2020. Analytic descriptive was the method of the research. The steps of the research include: (1) preparing research data, (2) preparing support data, (3) processing the research and support data, (4) analyzing the research data. The total conflict data that were gathered from the novel was 40 data which was divided into four categories: against another, against group, against nature and against self.
Results: The result shows 11 conflicts against another, 10 conflicts against group, 10 conflicts against nature, and 9 conflicts against self. In total there are 40 conflicts that the researcher take from the novel.
role of parents in educating children during online classes
Authors: Puspita Hany Dwi 
Published: September 2022

Background: The role of parents nowadays is as a substitute for teachers at school. In order to always guide and teach assignments given by the teacher online. With parental guidance, this online learning will run well, safely, and effectively. In fact, many parents experience difficulties because they are busy working so that they cannot accompany their children directly. In addition, parents are so busy with daily routines. The role of parents, especially mothers, is now increasing, who previously only took care of the house, now have shifted to educating and accompanying their children for online learning.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the perspective of parents as companions of children at home and to determine the role of parents in implementing learning at home during a pandemic.
Design and methods: The method used in this research is a narrative method with a qualitative approach, with a case study type approach. This approach seeks to describe and elaborate on a complex case from various dimensions. In this case, the research analyzes the role of parents in educating their children during online classes. Learning at home makes parents find many difficulties in teaching children about the material provided by the teacher. Children usually have direct interaction with their teachers.
Results: The role of parents in educating their children online is very important. When the school is face-to-face, the teacher is the one who pays attention to the students to what extent the students understand the lessons, but if online parents have to really educate, direct. Especially mom. The involvement of parents in supervising children has a very big influence on the success of children in a pandemic like this. Parents help direct children such as writing, reading, and doing their assignments. When a child cannot do his job, the mother helps him.
Hazardous Effects of Lumbar Somatosensitive Dorsal Root Ganglion Ischemia on Abdominal Skin Following Spinal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The First Experimental Study
Authors: OLĞUN Abdulkerim , ŞAHİN Mehmet Hakan , ZEYNAL Mete , KARADAĞ Mehmet Kürşat , DEMİRTAŞ Rabia , CAGLAR Ozgur , AYDİN Mehmet 
Published: September 2022

Giriş: Alt karın bölgesi cilt bölgesinin (LARS) somatosensitif innervasyonu esas olarak lomber spinal dorsal kök ganglionlarının (DRG) somatosensitif lifleri tarafından yönetilir. Birinci lomber DRG'nin (L1) dejenere nöron yoğunlukları (DND) ile subaraknoid kanama (SAH) sonrası LARS'nin toplam doku canlılığı skoru (TVS) arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını araştırdık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma 20 tavşan üzerinde yapıldı. Tüm hayvanlar Kontrol grubu (n=5), SHAM grubu (n=5) ve çalışma grubu (n=10) olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. SHAM grubu için lomber spinal subaraknoid boşluğa 0,5 cc salin solüsyonu ve çalışma grubu için genel anestezi altında lomber spinal subaraknoid boşluğa 0,5 cc otolog kan enjekte edildi. Tüm hayvanlar üç hafta takip edildi ve sakrifiye edildi. L1 DRG'nin DND'si (n/mm3) ve LARS'ın histopatolojik değişiklikleri incelendi. Milimetre kare başına tüy dökülmesi için belirlenen bir değer (n): 1 puan(P); nn>5 ise; n>10 ise 3P. Deri kalınlığı mikrometre (Tm) olarak T>700m ise 1P, 600m 400m ise 2P, T10 ise cilt normal kabul edilir; 106 ise, orta derecede hasar görmüş; TVS < 7 ise, ciddi şekilde hasar görmüştür. DND ve TVS değerleri Mann Witney U testi ile analiz edildi.
Bulgular: L1 DRG (n/mm3) ve TVS değerlerinin ortalama DND'si kontrolde 13±3/11±1; SHAM'da 34±8/8±2 ve çalışma grubunda 263±44/
Linking rattiness, geography and environmental degradation to spillover Leptospira infections in marginalised urban settings: An eco-epidemiological community-based cohort study in Brazil
Authors: Eyre Max T , Souza Fábio N , Carvalho-Pereira Ticiana SA , Nery Nivison , de Oliveira Daiana , Cruz Jaqueline S , Sacramento Gielson A , Khalil Hussein , Wunder Elsio A , Hacker Kathryn P , Hagan José E , Childs James E , Reis Mitermayer G , Begon Mike , Diggle Peter J , Ko Albert I , Giorgi Emanuele , Costa Federico 
Published: September 2022

Background:Zoonotic spillover from animal reservoirs is responsible for a significant global public health burden, but the processes that promote spillover events are poorly understood in complex urban settings. Endemic transmission of Leptospira, the agent of leptospirosis, in marginalised urban communities occurs through human exposure to an environment contaminated by bacteria shed in the urine of the rat reservoir. However, it is unclear to what extent transmission is driven by variation in the distribution of rats or by the dispersal of bacteria in rainwater runoff and overflow from open sewer systems.Methods:We conducted an eco-epidemiological study in a high-risk community in Salvador, Brazil, by prospectively following a cohort of 1401 residents to ascertain serological evidence for leptospiral infections. A concurrent rat ecology study was used to collect information on the fine-scale spatial distribution of ‘rattiness’, our proxy for rat abundance and exposure of interest. We developed and applied a novel geostatistical framework for joint spatial modelling of multiple indices of disease reservoir abundance and human infection risk.Results:The estimated infection rate was 51.4 (95%CI 40.4, 64.2) infections per 1000 follow-up events. Infection risk increased with age until 30 years of age and was associated with male gender. Rattiness was positively associated with infection risk for residents across the entire study area, but this effect was stronger in higher elevation areas (OR 3.27 95% CI 1.68, 19.07) than in lower elevation areas (OR 1.14 95% CI 1.05, 1.53).Conclusions:These findings suggest that, while frequent flooding events may disperse bacteria in regions of low elevation, environmental risk in higher elevation areas is more localised and directly driven by the distribution of local rat populations. The modelling framework developed may have broad applications in delineating complex animal-environment-human interactions during zoonotic spillover and identifying opportunities for public health intervention.Funding:This work was supported by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation and Secretariat of Health Surveillance, Brazilian Ministry of Health, the National Institutes of Health of the United States (grant numbers F31 AI114245, R01 AI052473, U01 AI088752, R01 TW009504 and R25 TW009338); the Wellcome Trust (102330/Z/13/Z), and by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB/JCB0020/2016). MTE was supported by a Medical Research UK doctorate studentship. FBS participated in this study under a FAPESB doctorate scholarship.
Effects of L-carnitine supplementation for women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mohd Shukri Mohd Falihin , Norhayati Mohd Noor , Badrin Salziyan , Abdul Kadir Azidah 
Published: September 2022

Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder in reproductive age women and is characterized by hyperandrogenic anovulation and oligo-amenorrhea, which leads to infertility. Anovulation in PCOS is associated with low follicle-stimulating hormone levels and the arrest of antral follicle development in the final stages of maturation. L-carnitine (LC) plays a role in fatty acid metabolism, which is found to be lacking in PCOS patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effectiveness of LC supplementation for patients with PCOS.

Methods
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Psychological Information Database (PsycINFO), and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for all randomized control trials, comparing LC alone or in combination with other standard treatments for the treatment of PCOS from inception till June 2021. We independently screened titles and abstracts to identify available trials, and complete texts of the trials were checked for eligibility. Data on the methods, interventions, outcomes, and risk of bias from the included trials were independently extracted by the authors. The estimation of risk ratios and mean differences with a 95 percent confidence interval (CI) was performed using a random-effects model.

Results
Nine studies with 995 participants were included in this review. Five comparison groups were involved. In one comparison group, LC reduced the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mean differences (MD) −5.10, 95% CI [−6.25 to −3.95]; P = 0.00001), serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (MD −25.00, 95% CI [−27.93 to −22.07]; P = 0.00001), serum total cholesterol (MD −21.00, 95% CI [−24.14 to −17.86]; P = 0.00001), and serum triglyceride (TG) (MD −9.00, 95% CI [−11.46 to −6.54]; P = 0.00001) with moderate certainty of evidence. Another comparison group demonstrated that LC lowers the LDL (MD −12.00, 95% CI [−15.80 to −8.20]; P = 0.00001), serum total cholesterol (MD −24.00, 95% CI [−27.61 to −20.39]; P = 0.00001), and serum TG (MD −19.00, 95% CI [−22.79 to −15.21]; P = 0.00001) with moderate certainty of evidence.

Conclusion
There was low to moderate certainty of evidence that LC improves Body Mass Index (BMI) and serum LDL, TG, and total cholesterol levels in women with PCOS.
Understanding the distribution and fine-scale habitat selection of mesocarnivores along a habitat quality gradient in western Himalaya
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Meghna , Burton A. Cole , Gupta Sandeep Kumar , Krishnamurthy Ramesh 
Published: September 2022

Background: Human activities have resulted in a rapid increase of modified habitats in proximity to wildlife habitats in the Himalaya. However, it is crucial to understand the extent to which human habitat modification affects wildlife. Mesocarnivores generally possess broader niches than large carnivores and adapt quickly to human activities. Here, we use a case study in the western Himalaya to test the hypothesis that human disturbance influenced mesocarnivore habitat use.
Methods: We used camera trapping and mitochondrial DNA-based species identification from faecal samples to obtain mesocarnivore detections. We then compared the responses of mesocarnivores between an anthropogenic site and a less disturbed park along a contiguous gradient in habitat quality. The non-linear pattern in species-specific habitat selection and factors responsible for space usage around villages was captured using hierarchical generalized additive modelling (HGAM) and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination.
Results: Wildlife occurrences along the gradient varied by species. Leopard cat and red fox were the only terrestrial mesocarnivores that occurred in both anthropogenic site and park. We found a shift in habitat selection from less disturbed habitat in the park to disturbed habitat in anthropogenic site for the species detected in both the habitat types. For instance, red fox showed habitat selection towards high terrain ruggedness (0.5 to 0.7 TRI) and low NDVI (−0.05 to 0.2) in the park but no such specific selection in anthropogenic site. Further, leopard cat showed habitat selection towards moderate slope (20°) and medium NDVI (0.5) in park but no prominent habitat selections in anthropogenic site. The results revealed their constrained behaviour which was further supported by the intensive site usage close to houses, agricultural fields and human trails in villages.
Conclusions: Our results indicate shifts in habitat selection and intensive site usage by mesocarnivores in the human-modified habitat. In future, this suggests the possibility of conflict and disease spread affecting both the people and wildlife. Therefore, this study highlights the requisite to test the wildlife responses to rapidly growing human expansions in modified habitats to understand the extent of impact. The management strategies need to have an integrated focus for further expansions of modified habitat and garbage disposal strategies, especially in the human-wildlife interface area.
Sex differences in peripheral monoamine transmitter and related hormone levels in chronic stress mice with a depression-like phenotype
Authors: Chen Yitian , Cai Weijia , Li Canye , Su Zuanjun , Guo Zhijun , Li Zhuman , Wang Chen , Xu Feng 
Published: September 2022

Backgrounds
Chronic stress could induce depression-like phenotype in animal models. Previous data showed that sex differences exist after chronic stress model establishment, however, the detailed information about the difference of blood biochemical indexes is not clear. In this study, we aim to supply comparison of monoamine transmitters and related hormone markers in serum between male and female depressed mice, and in order to better understand the sex difference in transmitters and hormone levels in depression occurrence and development.

Methods
Sixty C57BL/6 mice (both male and female) were divided into two groups by gender. Same gender mice were then divided randomly into the non-treated control group and chronic stress group which was exposed to 8 weeks of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Depression-like behavior was assessed with open-field test and sucrose preference test. Blood sample was collected and monoamine transmitter and related hormone in serum were measured by ELISA.

Results
The depression-like phenotype mice model was established successfully after 8 weeks of chronic stress. The locomotion activity scores in male stressed mice declined more than that in female stressed mice, while the exploratory behavior scores in female stressed mice declined more than that in male stressed mice. Compared to non-treated control group mice, mice in the chronic stress group in response to stress showed greater declines in monoamine transmitters (5-HT, dopamine, norepinephrine) and sex hormones (androgen, estrogen, oxytocin and prolactin), while stress hormones (adrenaline, corticosterone and ACTH) were significantly increased. The decrease of norepinephrine, androgen and estrogen in female stressed mice was greater than in male stressed mice, whereas the 5-HT and oxytocin in male stressed mice decreased more than in female stressed mice, and the corticosterone in male stressed mice increased more than in female stressed mice.

Conclusion
Sex differences of monoamine transmitter and related hormone levels in serum occurred in chronic stress induced depression-like phenotype mice model. It may provide a useful reference to guide precise antidepressant treatment in different gender population in clinical care.
Level of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Contamination in Braised Fish Marketed and Consumed in Eight Communes in the District of Abidjan, Côte D'ivoire
Authors: Coulibaly Adama , Dagnogo Komissiri , Kallo Vessaly , Doumbia Mariam , Dongo Amy Carine , Biego Godi Henri Marius , Dembele Ardjouma 
Published: September 2022

Aims: The objective of this study is to evaluate the exposure of consumers to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and to estimate the health risk related to the consumption of braised fish from eight (8) communes of the District of Abidjan in order to contribute to the protection of these consumers.
Study Design: This experimental study consisted in sampling fish cooked with charcoal embers in the collective catering circuit, followed by the determination of PAHs and the estimation of health risks.
Place and Duration of Study: The braised fish samples were collected in the Autonomous District of Abidjan and analyses were performed at the Central Laboratory of Agrochemistry and Ecotoxicology between January and March 2015.
Methodology: PAHs were extracted and purified on a Bond Eut C18 cartridge and then determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) according to ISO 15753.
Results: All the eight (8) PAH molecules investigated were found in varying concentrations and numbers in the braised fish depending on their origin. Concentrations range from 0.013 \(\mu\)g/kg to 1.246 \(\mu\)g/kg for individual molecules and from 0.670 \(\mu\)g/kg to 3.271 \(\mu\)g/kg for total PAHs (TPAHs) regardless of the municipality and PAH molecule. In addition, 0-25% of the samples are non-compliant with the standard for PAHs and 0-13% for TPAHs. Also, braised fish collected in the communes of Marcory and Plateau contain eight (8) molecules while variable numbers of molecules are found in those from other communes. Thus, seven (7) molecules were found in four communes (Abobo, Cocody, Koumassi, Port-Bouet) and six (6) molecules in two communes (Treichville, Yopougon). However, all hazard quotients (0.00000-0.00041) are less than 1 regardless of the municipality and PAH molecule.
Conclusion: These results are essential to improve the safety of braised fish made available to consumers of differents communes of the District of Abidjan. These results recommend the consideration of other sources of PAH in the diet although the hazard quotients are less than 1 because PAH molecules have a cumulative power in the body.
Evaluation of the Dietary Profile of Basketball Players in the Senior First Division Teams of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Diallo K. , Sess-Tchotch D. A. , Yépié A. H. , Kouadjo A. R. , K. N’guessan , Anin L. O. A. A. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Diet plays a fundamental role in the performance of athletes in general and basketball players in particular. For a better understanding of the nutrition of the athlete, this work aimed to evaluate the diet of Ivorian female basketball players in pre-competitive periods.
Methodology: A retrospective frequency questionnaire survey was conducted from December 6, 2020 to the end of February 2021, on 86 female basketball players in the senior categories (17-35 years) playing in the first division. The collection of socio-demographic, anthropometric and dietary data before the competition was obtained for each team.
Results: The study showed that 38.38% of the female basketball players had no side activities while 61.62% had a side activity. In general, 84.88% of the players had a normal Body Mass Index (BMI) compared to 06.98% overweight and 2.33% obese. The energy requirements of the women's teams were between 2427 and 2810 Kcal. The overall amount of energy consumed at breakfast in the pre-competitive period was below the required standards, while the amount of energy consumed at lunch and dinner was above the required standards for the players.
Conclusion: In sum, the senior female basketball players of Côte d'Ivoire have a poor dietary profile. Nutritional interventions would be preferable for them in order to improve their nutritional knowledge on the one hand, and the distribution of caloric foods consumed during their different daily meals on the other hand, and to meet their energy needs.