bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus disease-related in-hospital mortality: a cohort study in a private healthcare network in Brazil
Authors: de Oliveira Lima Helidea , da Silva Leopoldo Muniz , de Campos Vieira Abib Arthur , Tavares Leandro Reis , Santos Daniel Wagner de Castro Lima , de Araújo Ana Claudia Lopes Fernandes , Moreira Laise Pereira , Silveira Saullo Queiroz , de Melo Silva Torres Vanessa , Simões Deborah , Arellano Ramiro , Ho Anthony M.-H. , Mizubuti Glenio B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCOVID-19-related in-hospital mortality has been reported at 30.7–47.3% in Brazil, however studies assessing exclusively private hospitals are lacking. This is important because of significant differences existing between the Brazilian private and public healthcare systems. We aimed to determine the COVID-19-related in-hospital mortality and associated risk factors in a Brazilian private network from March/2020 to March/2021. Data were extracted from institutional database and analyzed using Cox regression model. Length of hospitalization and death-related factors were modeled based on available independent variables. In total, 38,937 COVID-19 patients were hospitalized of whom 3058 (7.8%) died. Admission to the intensive care unit occurred in 62.5% of cases, and 11.5% and 3.8% required mechanical ventilation (MV) and renal replacement therapy (RRT), respectively. In the adjusted model, age ≥ 61 years-old, comorbidities, and the need for MV and/or RRT were significantly associated with increased mortality (p < 0.05). Obesity and hypertension were associated with the need for MV and RRT (p < 0.05).
Responses of CO2 emissions and soil microbial community structures to organic amendment in two contrasting soils in Zambia
Authors: Hamamoto Toru , Nhamo Nhamo , Chikoye David , Mukumbuta Ikabongo , Uchida Yoshitaka 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn sub-Saharan Africa, efforts have been made to increase soil carbon (C) content in agricultural ecosystems due to severe soil degradation. The use of organic materials is a feasible method for recovering soil organic C; however, the effects of organic amendments on soil microbial communities and C cycles under C-limited soil conditions are still unknown. In this study, we conducted field experiments in Zambia using organic amendments at two sites with contrasting C content. At both sites, temporal changes in soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and prokaryotic community structures were monitored during the crop growing season (126 days). The organic amendments increased CO2emissions and prokaryotic abundance at the Kabwe site, whereas no direct impacts were observed at the Lusaka site. We also observed a larger temporal variability in the soil microbial community structure at Kabwe than that at Lusaka. These contrasting results between the two soils may be due to the microbial community stability differences between each site. However, as organic amendments have considerable potential to enhance microbial abundance and consequently sequester C at the Kabwe site, site-specific strategies are required to address the issues of soil C depletion in drylands.
The coral reef-dwelling Peneroplis spp. shows calcification recovery to ocean acidification conditions
Authors: Charrieau Laurie M. , Nagai Yukiko , Kimoto Katsunori , Dissard Delphine , Below Beatrice , Fujita Kazuhiko , Toyofuku Takashi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLarge Benthic Foraminifera are a crucial component of coral-reef ecosystems, which are currently threatened by ocean acidification. We conducted culture experiments to evaluate the impact of low pH on survival and test dissolution of the symbiont-bearing species Peneroplis spp., and to observe potential calcification recovery when specimens are placed back under reference pH value (7.9). We found that Peneroplis spp. displayed living activity up to 3 days at pH 6.9 (Ωcal < 1) or up to 1 month at pH 7.4 (Ωcal > 1), despite the dark and unfed conditions. Dissolution features were observed under low Ωcal values, such as changes in test density, peeled extrados layers, and decalcified tests with exposed organic linings. A new calcification phase started when specimens were placed back at reference pH. This calcification’s resumption was an addition of new chambers without reparation of the dissolved parts, which is consistent with the porcelaneous calcification pathway of Peneroplis spp. The most decalcified specimens displayed a strong survival response by adding up to 8 new chambers, and the contribution of food supply in this process was highlighted. These results suggest that porcelaneous LBF species have some recovery abilities to short exposure (e.g., 3 days to 1 month) to acidified conditions. However, the geochemical signature of trace elements in the new calcite was impacted, and the majority of the new chambers were distorted and resulted in abnormal tests, which might hinder the specimens’ reproduction and thus their survival on the long term.
Comparison of mortality and cause of death between adults with and without hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kwon Soonil , Kim Hyung-Kwan , Kim Bongseong , Lee Hyun-Jung , Han Kyung-Do , Hwang In-Chang , Yoon Yeonyee E. , Park Jun-Bean , Lee Heesun , Lee Seung-Pyo , Cho Goo-Yeong , Kim Yong-Jin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInsufficient evidence is available comparing mortality and cause of death between general hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and general non-HCM populations. We aimed to investigate how causes of death and mortality differ in subjects with and without HCM. Using the National Health Insurance Service database from 2009 to 2016, individuals who underwent health check-up(s) with or without a history of HCM were identified. Participants in the HCM group were matched at a 1:1 ratio with those in the non-HCM group using propensity scores calculated from the baseline covariates. Mortality rates and risks were compared between the groups. In total, 14,858 participants (7,429 each in the HCM and non-HCM groups) were followed up over a mean 4.4 ± 2.2 years (mean age, 61.0 years; male proportion, 66.8%). Compared to the non-HCM group, the HCM group showed a higher risk of all-cause and HCM-related mortality and a similar risk for non-cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.57 [1.38–1.78], 2.71 [1.92–3.83], and 1.04 [0.88–1.23], respectively). The sensitivity analyses consistently showed that the HCM group showed higher risks of all-cause and HCM-related mortality than the non-HCM group. The female participants with HCM were associated with an increasing trend of the risks of all-cause mortality but not HCM-related mortality compared to their male counterparts (p for interaction < 0.001 and 0.185, respectively). In conclusion, compared to the non-HCM population, the general HCM population showed higher risks of both all-cause and HCM-related mortality, but had a similar risk of non-cardiovascular mortality.
An exploration of new methods for metabolic syndrome examination by infrared thermography and knowledge mining
Authors: Mi Bao-Hong , Zhang Wen-Zheng , Xiao Yong-Hua , Hong Wen-Xue , Song Jia-Lin , Tu Jian-Feng , Jiang Bi-Yao , Ye Chen , Shi Guang-Xia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMetabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical syndrome with multiple metabolic disorders. As the diagnostic criteria for MS still lacking of imaging laboratory method, this study aimed to explore the differences between healthy people and MS patients through infrared thermography (IRT). However, the observation region of the IRT image is uncertain, and the research tried to solve this problem with the help of knowledge mining technology. 43 MS participants were randomly included through a cross-sectional method, and 43 healthy participants were recruited through number matching. The IRT image of each participant was segmented into the region of interest (ROI) through the preprocessing method proposed in this research, and then the ROI features were granulated by the K-means algorithm to generate the formal background, and finally, the two formal background were separately built into a knowledge graph through the knowledge mining method based on the attribute partial order structure. The baseline data shows that there is no difference in age, gender, and height between the two groups (P > 0.05). The image preprocessing method can segment the IRT image into 18 ROI. Through the K-means method, each group of data can be separately established with a 43 × 36 formal background and generated a knowledge graph. It can be found through knowledge mining and independent-samples T test that the average temperature and maximum temperature difference between the chest and face of the two groups are statistically different (P < 0.01). IRT could reflect the difference between healthy people and MS people. The measurement regions were found by the method of knowledge mining on the premise of unknown. The method proposed in this paper may add a new imaging method for MS laboratory examinations, and at the same time, through knowledge mining, it can also expand a new idea for clinical research of IRT.
Agavin induces beneficial microbes in the shrimp microbiota under farming conditions
Authors: Ochoa-Romo Juan Pablo , Cornejo-Granados Fernanda , Lopez-Zavala Alonso A. , Viana María Teresa , Sánchez Filiberto , Gallardo-Becerra Luigui , Luque-Villegas Mirna , Valdez-López Yesenia , Sotelo-Mundo Rogerio R. , Cota-Huízar Andrés , López-Munguia Agustín , Ochoa-Leyva Adrian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrebiotics and probiotics have shown a number of beneficial impacts preventing diseases in cultured shrimps. Complex soluble carbohydrates are considered ideal for fostering microbiota biodiversity by fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPS). Here we evaluated the growth performance and microbiota composition of the white shrimpLitopenaeus vannameiafter dietary intervention using agavin as a FODMAP prebiotic under farming conditions. AdultL. vannameiwere raised at a shrimp farm and the effect of agavin supplemented at 2% (AG2) or 10% (AG10) levels were compared to an agavin-free basal diet (BD). After 28 days-trial, the feed conversion ratio, total feed ingested, and protein efficiency ratio was significantly improved on animals fed with AG2. At the same time, no effect on growth performance was observed in AG10. Surprisingly, after sequencing the V3–V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene a higher microbial richness and diversity in the hepatopancreas and intestine was found only in those animals receiving the AG10 diet, while those receiving the AG2 diet had a decreased richness and diversity, both diets compared to the BD. The beta diversity analysis showed a clear significant microbiota clustering by agavin diets only in the hepatopancreas, suggesting that agavin supplementation had a more substantial deterministic effect on the microbiota of hepatopancreas than on the intestine. We analyzed the literature to search beneficial microbes for shrimp’s health and found sequences for 42 species in our 16S data, being significantly increasedLactobacillus pentosus, Pseudomonas putidaandPseudomonas synxanthain the hepatopancreas of the AG10 andRodopseudomonas palustrisandStreptococcus thermophilesth1435 in the hepatopancreas of the AG2, both compared to BD. Interestingly, when we analyzed the abundance of 42 beneficial microbes as a single microbial community "meta-community," found an increase in their abundance as agavin concentration increases in the hepatopancreas. In addition, we also sequenced the DNA of agavin and found 9 of the 42 beneficial microbes. From those,Lactobacillus lactisandLactobacillus delbrueckiiwere found in shrimps fed with agavin (both AG2 and AG10), andLysinibacillus fusiformisin AG10 and they were absent the BD diet, suggesting these three species could be introduced with the agavin to the diet. Our work provides evidence that agavin supplementation is associated with an increase of beneficial microbes for the shrimp microbiota at farming conditions. Our study provides the first evidence that a shrimp prebiotic may selectively modify the microbiota in an organ-dependent effect.
Association of rhinitis with asthma prevalence and severity
Authors: Acevedo-Prado Antonio , Seoane-Pillado Teresa , López-Silvarrey-Varela Angel , Salgado Francisco-Javier , Cruz María-Jesus , Faraldo-Garcia Ana , Nieto-Fontarigo Juan-Jose , Pértega-Díaz Sonia , Sanchez-Lastres J. , San-José-González Miguel-Angel , Bamonde-Rodríguez Luis , Garnelo-Suárez Luciano , Pérez-Castro Teresa , Sampedro-Campos Manuel , Gonzalez-Barcala Francisco-Javier 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAsthma and rhinitis often co-exist in the same patient. Although some authors observed a higher prevalence and/or greater severity of asthma in patients with rhinitis, this view is not homogeneous and the debate continues. The aim of our study is to describe the prevalence of rhinitis in children and adolescents and to analyse their relationship with the prevalence of asthma. A multicentre study was conducted using the methodology of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). The target population of the study was all those school children aged 6–7 and 13–14 years from 6 of the main health catchment areas of Galicia (1.9 million inhabitants). The schools required were randomly selected, and all children in the targeted age ranges were included. Multiple logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted prevalence odds ratios (OR) between asthma symptoms of the schoolchildren and rhinitis prevalence. The results were adjusted for parental smoking habits, maternal education level, cat and dog exposure, and obesity. A total of 21,420 valid questionnaires were finally obtained. Rhinitis was associated with a significant increase in the prevalence of asthma in both age groups. The highest OR were 11.375 for exercise induced asthma (EIA) for children with recent rhinoconjunctivitis and 9.807 for children with recent rhinitis in 6–7 years old group. The prevalence OR’s are higher in EIA and severe asthmatics. Rhinitis in children and adolescents is associated with a higher prevalence and severity of asthma.
Unity yield of deterministically positioned quantum dot single photon sources
Authors: Laferrière Patrick , Yeung Edith , Miron Isabelle , Northeast David B. , Haffouz Sofiane , Lapointe Jean , Korkusinski Marek , Poole Philip J. , Williams Robin L. , Dalacu Dan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report on a platform for the production of single photon devices with a fabrication yield of 100%. The sources are based on InAsP quantum dots embedded within position-controlled bottom-up InP nanowires. Using optimized growth conditions, we produce large arrays of structures having highly uniform geometries. Collection efficiencies are as high as 83% and multiphoton emission probabilities as low as 0.6% with the distribution away from optimal values associated with the excitation of other charge complexes and re-excitation processes, respectively, inherent to the above-band excitation employed. Importantly, emission peak lineshapes have Lorentzian profiles indicating that linewidths are not limited by inhomogeneous broadening but rather pure dephasing, likely elastic carrier-phonon scattering due to a high phonon occupation. This work establishes nanowire-based devices as a viable route for the scalable fabrication of efficient single photon sources and provides a valuable resource for hybrid on-chip platforms currently being developed.
Anchoring boron on a covalent organic framework as an efficient single atom metal-free photo-electrocatalyst for nitrogen fixation: a first-principles analysis
Authors: Dutta Supriti , Pati Swapan K. 
Published: April 2022

Anchoring boron atom on Tp-bpy-COF can effectively reduce N2 to NH3. With the help of DFT, we demonstrate that N2 is activated by the synergistic effect of B and N. Alternating pathway is preferable with the limiting potential value of 0.13 V.
Inhibiting metal-inward diffusion-induced degradation through strong chemical coordination toward stable and efficient inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Yang Jiabao , Cao Qi , Wang Tong , Yang Bowen , Pu Xingyu , Zhang Yixin , Chen Hui , Tojiboyev Ilhom , Li Yuke , Etgar Lioz , Li Xuanhua , Hagfeldt Anders 
Published: April 2022

Firstly, we introduce a triazine molecule in the bathocuproine layer, which can prevent the inward diffusion of the metal electrodes via strong chemical coordination. The champion device achieved an efficiency of 22.60% and excellent stability.
Performance analysis of the low‐complexity adaptive channel estimation algorithms over non‐stationary multipath Rayleigh fading channels under carrier frequency offsets
Authors: Hadei Sayed A. , Hosseini S. Abolfazl , Miri Mohammadhasan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe use of selective partial updating method for reducing computational complexity of adaptive algorithms has been proposed recently. However, its performance analysis has not been studied as extensively and exactly as LMS or RLS algorithms for time‐varying channel estimation. This paper provides performance analysis of the low‐complexity family of affine projection algorithms based on selective partial update method on the estimation of multipath Rayleigh fading channels in the presence of carrier frequency offsets (CFO) and random channel variations. The analysis is based on the calculation of the error correlation matrix of the estimation, the mean‐square weight error (MSWE) and the mean‐square estimation error (MSE) parameters. The analysis does not use strong assumptions like small or large step‐size, and explicit closed‐form expressions for the MSE of estimation are obtained only from common hypotheses in wireless communication context. In this paper, the optimum step‐size parameters minimizing the MSE of estimation are analytically derived without any simplifying assumptions. For the sake of comparison with other analytical approaches, the performance of the introduced algorithms is also investigated using the energy conservation relation. Likewise, for exact performance analysis, all the moment terms that appear in closed form expressions for the MSE of estimation are evaluated. Simulations are conduced to corroborate the presented studies and show that the theoretical results agree well with the simulation results over non‐stationary multipath Rayleigh fading channels.
Received power modelling in ultra‐dense networks
Authors: Prado‐Alvarez Danaisy , Antón Alejandro , Calabuig Daniel , Monserrat Jose F. , Bazzi Samer , Xu Wen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn received power modelling for system level simulations, the relative orientation of the transmitter and receiver antennas are not generally considered. By doing that, a constant gain of the receiver antenna, independently of the angle of arrival, is implicitly assumed. This is usually of minor relevance for small or low‐dense scenarios. However, in ultra‐dense deployments, especially those based on cell‐free massive multiple‐input–multiple‐output architectures where users interact with all access points, the consideration of the antennas relative orientation comes to the forefront. In this paper, the impact of whether to take the receiver antenna gain into account or not for ultra‐dense indoor environments with ceiling‐mounted antennas are studied. A simple approach to take this gain into account using the antenna effective area is provided. Finally, this approach is compared with that based on antenna radiation patterns.
Fast matrix inversion based on Chebyshev acceleration for linear detection in massive MIMO systems
Authors: Berra Salah , Dinis Rui , Shahabuddin Shahriar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo circumvent the prohibitive complexity of linear minimum mean square error detection in a massive multiple‐input multiple‐output system, several iterative methods have been proposed. However, they can still be too complex and/or lead to non‐negligible performance degradation. In this letter, a Chebyshev acceleration technique is proposed to overcome the limitations of iterative methods, accelerating the convergence rates and enhancing the performance. The Chebyshev acceleration method employs a new vector combination, which combines the spectral radius of the iteration matrix with the receiver signal, and also the optimal parameters of Chebyshev acceleration have also been defined. A detector based on iterative algorithms requires pre‐processing and initialisation, which enhance the convergence, performance, and complexity. To influence the initialisation, the stair matrix has been proposed as the first start of iterative methods. The performance results show that the proposed technique outperforms state‐of‐the‐art methods in terms of error rate performance, while significantly reducing the computational complexity.
A 86%‐efficiency CMOS rectifier with an internal threshold voltage cancellation (IVC) scheme
Authors: Kim Byeongseol , Bae Joonsung 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this letter, the authors present a high‐efficiency AC‐to‐DC rectifier for a wireless power transmission system with an internal threshold voltage cancellation (IVC) scheme to improve power conversion efficiency (PCE) and voltage conversion ratio (VCR). The rectifier with the IVC scheme implemented in 0.18‐μm CMOS technology achieves a power efficiency of 86% at a resistive load of 510 Ω when a 13.56‐MHz AC signal with a 6‐V amplitude is applied. In contrast, a previous scheme shows a 58% PCE under the same condition.
TrendRank method for evaluating the importance of power grid nodes considering information network
Authors: Su Qingyu , Chen Cong , Li Jian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo ensure the stable operation of power systems, critical nodes need to be identified for key protection. The LeaderRank algorithm is a fast and accurate algorithm for identifying key nodes, but it has obvious inappropriateness when targeting the power system. For this reason, this paper considers the scheduling function of the information network and the power flow betweenness of the power grid. A TrendRank algorithm is proposed to identify key nodes in complex power grids. TrendRank values can be computed iteratively by a weighted distribution strategy of internally linked nodes and then ranked. The performance of the TrendRank method has been fully tested and benchmarked on IEEE39 and IEEE118. The comparison of four performance metrics fully validates the effectiveness and superiority of the method. The TrendRank algorithm provides an idea in protecting the power system, which makes the economic cost of protecting the power system lower.
NHNet: A non‐local hierarchical network for image denoising
Authors: Zhang Jiahong , Cao Lihong , Wang Tian , Fu Wenlong , Shen Weiheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the fast development of deep learning models, hierarchical convolutional neural networks have achieved great success in image denoising tasks. To further boost the performance of image denoising, a novel non‐local hierarchical network (NHNet) is proposed. Unlike existing U‐Net‐based hierarchical methods, which mainly focus on downsampling operations, NHNet adopts an initial resolution path and a high resolution path. Specifically, the high‐resolution features are obtained through upsampling, where the non‐local mechanism is adopted to capture the self‐similarity properties, which contribute to a better denoising performance. Cross connections and channel attention layers are added between the two paths to integrate features in different resolutions. Compared with other U‐Net‐based hierarchical networks, NHNet requires fewer parameters. Experiments show that NHNet achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance in Gaussian denoising tasks and gets competitive results when dealing with real image denoising.