bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A genetic investigation of equine recurrent uveitis in the Icelandic horse breed
Authors: Hack Yael , Henriksen Michala de Linde , Pihl Tina Holberg , Nielsen Rikke Krarup , Dwyer Ann E. , Bellone Rebecca R. 
Published: April 2022

SummaryEquine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is an autoimmune disease defined by inflammation of the uveal tract of the eye. The cause of ERU is thought to be complex, involving both genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential genetic risk factors for ERU in the Icelandic horse. Fifty‐six Icelandic horses (11 affected with ERU and 45 controls) living in Denmark and the USA, eight years or older, were included in the study. A case–control GWAS was performed using the GGP Equine 80K array on the Illumina Infinium HD Beadchip using 40 horses. A mixed linear model analysis identified a single SNP on ECA 11 (BIEC2_141650; NC_009154.3:g.3817009A>G) that reached genome‐wide significance (p = 1.79 × 10−7). This variant was within an intron of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2), a gene previously implicated in ERU. Sanger sequencing identified a single coding variant in this gene; however it was a synonymous mutation (NC_009154.3:g.3858193C>T) and was not perfectly concordant with ERU phenotype (p = 0.68). Further investigation ofTIMP2is warranted. Additional horses and markers are needed to identify other potential loci worthy of further investigation as contributors to ERU risk in Icelandic horses.
COVID‐19 vaccination rates in an antenatal population: A survey of women's perceptions, factors influencing vaccine uptake and potential contributors to vaccine hesitancy
Authors: Ward Caoimhe , Megaw Lauren , White Scott , Bradfield Zoe 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPregnant women are at increased risk for severe COVID‐19 and are a priority group for vaccination. The discrepancy in vaccination rates between pregnant and non‐pregnant cohorts is concerning.AimsThis study aimed to assess the perceptions and intentions of pregnant women toward COVID‐19 vaccination and explored vaccine uptake and reasons for vaccine hesitancy.Materials and methodA cross‐sectional exploratory design was performed evaluating pregnant women receiving care in two metropolitan maternity units in Western Australia. The main measurable outcomes included vaccination status, intention to be vaccinated, and reasons for delaying or declining vaccination.ResultsIn total, 218 women participated. Of these, 122 (56%) had not received either dose of the COVID‐19 vaccine. Sixty (28%) claimed that vaccination was not discussed with them and 33 (15%) reported being dissuaded from vaccination by a healthcare practitioner. Compared to vaccinated women, those who had not accepted vaccination were less likely to have had vaccination discussed by maternity staff, less aware that pregnant women are a priority group, and less aware that pregnancy increased the risk of severe illness. Unvaccinated women were concerned about the side effects of the vaccine for their newborn and their own health, felt there was inadequate information on safety during pregnancy, and felt that a lack of community transmission in Western Australia reduced the necessity to be vaccinated.ConclusionVaccine delay and hesitancy is common among pregnant women in Western Australia. Education of healthcare professionals and pregnant women on the recommendation for COVID‐19 vaccination in pregnancy is required.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of house dust mite allergen immunotherapy in children with allergic asthma
Authors: Farraia Mariana , Paciência Inês , Castro Mendes Francisca , Cavaleiro Rufo João , H. Shamji Mohamed , Agache Ioana , Moreira André 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundCost‐effectiveness studies evaluating allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in children are limited but needed to drive clinical and policy‐making decisions such as reimbursement of new interventions. In this study, we compared the cost effectiveness of subcutaneous (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablets to the standard of care (SOC) treatment in children with house dust mite‐driven (HDM) allergic asthma.MethodsWe developed a hypothetical Markov model based on the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) severity steps to compare the three strategies over a 10‐year horizon divided by cycles of 6 months. SOC was used as a reference to calculate the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER). Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were used to assess models’ uncertainty. Other scenarios were evaluated to strengthen the presentation of results.ResultsThe ICER for SCIT and SLIT tablets was 1281€ and 7717€, respectively. The cost‐effectiveness threshold for Portugal was 18,482.80€; both treatment approaches were below this limit. The major contributors to these results were the AIT effects on reducing moderate and severe exacerbations and asthma controller medication. In the sensitivity analysis, SCIT revealed a higher probability of cost‐effectiveness than SLIT. When including allergic rhinitis as comorbidity, ICER values reduced markedly, especially for SCIT intervention.ConclusionsAIT was cost effective in children with HDM‐driven allergic asthma, especially when given by the subcutaneous route. The high probability of cost effectiveness, especially for SCIT, may drive future policy decisions and AIT‐prescribing habits. AIT adherence greatly influenced the results highlighting the value of implementing strategies to promote adherence rates.
The analgesic effect of the intravenous administration of acetaminophen for pediatric laparoscopic appendectomy: A comparison of scheduled and on‐demand procedures
Authors: Yano Keisuke , Muto Mitsuru , Nagai Taichiro , Harumatsu Toshio , Kedoin Chihiro , Nagano Ayaka , Matsui Mayu , Murakami Masakazu , Sugita Koshiro , Onishi Shun , Yamada Koji , Yamada Waka , Matsukubo Makoto , Kaji Tatsuru , Ieiri Satoshi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeThe intravenous administration of acetaminophen (IAA) has become standard postoperative analgesic management for pediatric surgery. However, the most effective methods of IAA for postoperative acute appendicitis are unclear. We evaluated the analgesic efficacy of scheduled IAA vs on‐demand IAA for postoperative acute appendicitis.MethodsNinety‐four patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy in our institution between January 2017 and December 2020 were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups based on the postoperative pain control protocols. The scheduled IAA group (SA group,n = 42) was managed by scheduled IAA and additional on‐demand use of pentazocine as rescue therapy. The on‐demand IAA group (ODA group,n = 52) was managed by on‐demand IAA as the first choice, with pentazocine as the second choice for pain control. The patients' background characteristics, operative results and postoperative outcomes were reviewed.ResultsThe number of times pain complaints were made per patient per day (NPPD) on postoperative days (POD) 1 and 2 was significantly lower in the SA group than in the ODA group (POD 1; 1.12 ± 1.21 vs 2.62 ± 1.89,p < 0.01; POD 2; 0.45 ± 0.86 vs. 1.31 ± 1.69,p < 0.01). According to pathological findings, NPPD was lower in the SA group than in the ODA group for both phlegmonous appendicitis (0.71 ± 1.01 vs. 2.10 ± 2.13,P < .05) and gangrenous appendicitis (1.33 ± 1.50 vs 2.94 ± 1.68,P < .01). On POD 2, the incidence of gangrenous appendicitis was significantly lower in the SA group than in the ODA group (0.57 ± 0.93 vs 1.78 ± 1.86,P < .01).ConclusionsScheduled IAA may have favorable efficacy for postoperative pain control after emergency surgery for acute appendicitis in pediatric patients.
Does board turnover enhance firm performance? A contingency approach
Authors: Qiang Wei , Wong Sze‐Sze , Koh Kevin , Tong Yen H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractResearch Question/IssueDoes board turnover improve future firm performance? Our research investigates whether and when board turnover is beneficial from an information processing perspective.Research Findings/InsightsDrawing from information processing theory, we propose and test a novel model that explains how magnitude of board turnover influences future firm performance, and what pre‐turnover board characteristics mitigate the negative impact of board turnover on future firm performance. We find that board turnover negatively influences future firm performance, and pre‐turnover board meeting frequency, board job‐related diversity, CEO power relative to the board, and board tenure moderate this negative impact.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsPast findings of the impact of board turnover are limited and equivocal, suggesting the need to conduct more systematic investigation to explain post‐turnover firm performance and to consider boundary conditions that affect this relationship. Building on information processing theory, we explain that the negative impact of board turnover on future firm performance is due to disruption of the board's information elaboration ability. Furthermore, we advance the novel perspective that boards which developed higher information elaboration ability prior to turnover can better mitigate the disruption in information processing resulting from board turnover.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThere are costs to board turnover that should be considered seriously. Our study demonstrates that higher magnitude of board turnover leads to poorer subsequent firm performance. The importance of pre‐turnover board's information elaboration ability implies that board turnover should be planned and actively managed—just like CEO succession planning—to minimize information processing disruption from turnover.
Molecular analysis of inflammatory diseases
Authors: Almughrbi Aya Hamad , Crovella Sergio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIf we try to describe the search for molecular actors involved in inflammatory diseases, the picture best representing this task is a mission to unexplored worlds. However, researchers nowadays have powerful tools to support this journey to the complexity of the unknown: Next generation Sequencing technologies have provided a plethora of data describing the different OMICs possibly involved in the different inflammatory diseases. Here, we focused on autoinflammatory skin diseases showing the progress of OMICs‐related findings in the understanding of Syndromic HS pathogenesis. We described the studies reporting possible genotype/phenotype correlation in PASH and PAPASH patients (both unrelated or familial cases), highlighting those just genetic variations associated with the diseases have been observed, but the information on common pathways shared by PASH and PAPASH patients were lacking, thus rendering difficult to decipher the common molecular basis of these autoinflammatory conditions. Aimed at filling this gap of knowledge, we proposed an integrated OMICs approach able to identify common pathways shared by subjects suffering from PASH and PAPASH: pathway‐based whole sequencing analysis allowed the identification of 4 pathways, keratinization, formation of the cornified envelope steroid metabolism and Vitamin D metabolism, disrupted in PASH and PAPASH patients. Finally, we mentioned the novel bioinformatic platform, named PlatOMICs, capable of integrating OMICs experimental findings also with the ones already reported in public repositories supporting the efforts of the researchers and clinicians to discover molecular pathways shared by individuals suffering of a disease, confronting and integrating the bench findings with the in‐silico ones.
Differences in leisure time across middle‐generation adults in Wroclaw, Poland: Examining the usefulness of the “sandwich generation” category
Authors: Synowiec‐Piłat Małgorzata , Jędrzejek Michał , Zmyślona Beata 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveResearch objectives were (a) to determine the amount of leisure time available to middle‐generation adults (35–54 years of age) and (b) to explore the relationship between leisure time and sociodemographic variables (gender, age, work status, marital status, and number of children).BackgroundAn adequate amount of leisure time is an important lifestyle element, significantly determining overall health. Considerable leisure‐time deficits currently observed in developed economies are related to significant change in intergenerational relations within families.MethodIn 2018, a study was carried out on the population of adult inhabitants of Wroclaw, Poland (N = 898). The survey method was used based on an interview questionnaire as the research tool.ResultsHalf of the respondents declared less than 20 hours of leisure time per week. Deficits of leisure time affect mainly people aged 35 to 54 years, with women being more affected than men. Moreover, the amount of leisure time in the middle generation of Wroclaw inhabitants declines as people become more involved in their careers (a statistically significant relationship).ConclusionIt seems reasonable to undertake and improve the analysis of leisure time in the context of the middle‐generation adult who may be experiencing thesandwich generationphenomenon.ImplicationsThere is a need to implement social and health‐oriented interventions to counteract leisure‐time deficits among the middle generation, with a particular emphasis on the social situation of women.
Gluten and starch mixing and pasting behaviour as affected by replacing sodium chloride with sodium replacers in wheat flour dough
Authors: Gujral Hardeep Singh , Sharma Bharati , Kapoor Sana 
Published: April 2022

SummaryThe study focused on analysing the effect of sodium replacers (KCl, MgCl2, MgSO4, CaCl2 and K‐gluconate) at 1% and 2% concentration on thermo‐mechanical properties (water absorption, dough development time, protein weakening, breakdown and retrogradation) of wheat flour evaluated using Mixolab. Blends of NaCl and sodium replacers (ratio 1:1) at 2% concentration were also studied. Water absorption and peak viscosity decreased, whereas dough stability increased on replacing sodium with different sodium replacer salts. Addition of salts did not affect shear thinning or starch breakdown behaviour during pasting. Salts and their blends lowered SDS (Sodium dodecyl sulphate) sedimentation value of wheat flour indicating that SDS sedimentation values significantly positively correlated with water absorption (r = 0.70, P < 0.05), protein weakening C2 (r = 0.61, P < 0.05) and peak viscosity C3 (r = 0.62, P < 0.05). In general, KCl behaved most similar to NaCl. Thermo‐mechanical properties of wheat dough did not differ between NaCl and majority of the salts evaluated.
Photo-thermally enhanced antimicrobial efficacy of silver nanoplates against Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacterial and fungal pathogens
Authors: Kaur Sarabjot , Tambat Rushikesh , Pathania Vikas , Nandanwar Hemraj , Soni Sanjeev 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aim
This paper aims to investigate the photo-thermally enhanced antimicrobial efficacy of triangular silver nanoplates for a broad range of harmful pathogens viz., Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), and fungus (Candida albicans).

Methods and Results
Triangular silver nanoplates were synthesized using the chemical method and were characterized for optical absorption, size and morphology, surface charge and concentration via UV–Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential analysis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, respectively. Furthermore, the photo-thermally enhanced antimicrobial efficacy of the triangular silver nanoplates (10 μg/ml concentration) was evaluated on broadband near-infrared irradiation. The photothermal response shows that for the fixed concentration of silver nanoplates, the smaller-sized nanoplates (~52 nm) lead to higher temperature rise than larger-sized nanoplates (~68 nm). It is demonstrated that within a short exposure duration of 15 min, the photothermal activation of silver nanoplates led to ~5 log10 CFU/ml reduction for E. coli and C. albicans, and ~7 log10 CFU/ml reduction for S. aureus from a considerably high initial load of 5 × 108 CFU/ml.

Conclusions
The present study demonstrates that photo-thermally enhanced triangular silver nanoplates possess much stronger antimicrobial efficacy over a short exposure duration of few minutes and exhibits the applicability for a broad range of pathogens.

Significance and Impact of Study
The study is highly significant and explains the eradication of broad-spectrum of microbial pathogens by photo-thermally enhanced silver nanoplates in short exposure duration with low nanoparticle concentration, which is useful for diverse antibacterial and antifungal applications.
Effectiveness of caregiver‐mediated exercise interventions on activities of daily living, anxiety and depression post‐stroke rehabilitation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Choo Wen Ting , Jiang Ying , Chan Kendy Gui Fang , Ramachandran Hadassah Joann , Teo Jun Yi Claire , Seah Chuen Wei Alvin , Wang Wenru 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsThis review aims to examine updated evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of caregiver‐mediated exercise interventions on basic and extended activities of daily living (ADL), anxiety and depression of post‐stroke rehabilitation individuals.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis.Data sourcesSix electronic databases, including CINAHL, CENTRAL, Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO and Scopus, grey literature and trial registry were searched from inception until February 2021.MethodsOnly randomized controlled trials written in English were included. Meta‐analyses were conducted for basic and extended ADL, anxiety and depression outcomes using RevMan software. Overall quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework.ResultsA total of 11 randomized controlled trials comprising 2120 participants were identified, with 10 trials meta‐analysed. Meta‐analyses indicated statistically significant effects favouring caregiver‐mediated exercise interventions for basic ADL. Subgroup analyses revealed significant effects for exercise‐only interventions mediated by caregivers for basic ADL. No significant effects were found for extended ADL, anxiety and depression for stroke survivors.ConclusionCaregiver‐mediated exercise interventions appear to have beneficial impacts on basic ADL for stroke survivors, suggesting caregiver‐mediated exercise interventions as a potentially feasible way to improve functional independence.ImpactCaregiver‐mediated intervention with exercises as a major component could be a promising approach to augment stroke rehabilitation. Future research should include high‐quality studies with focus on specific intervention components or to explore caregiver outcomes.
Barriers and enablers to nurses' use of harm prevention strategies for older patients in hospital: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Redley Bernice , Taylor Natalie , Hutchinson Alison M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPreventable harms during hospitalization pose a major challenge for health systems globally. Nurse‐led strategies provide comprehensive harm prevention to keep the most vulnerable patients safe in hospital, but gaps in care are common. Nursing roles and activities to prevent harm to patients during acute hospitalization are poorly understood.AimThe aim of this study was to identify nurses' perceived enablers and barriers to the implementation of comprehensive harm prevention for older people admitted to an acute hospital setting.DesignAnonymous, online, cross‐sectional survey.MethodsThe adapted Influences on Patient Safety Behaviours Questionnaire (IPSBQ) was used to collect data from nurses working on five general medicine wards across three hospitals of a single tertiary health service in Australia in 2019. Participants also rated their perceptions of overall quality of care, missed care and awareness of strategies for an eight‐factor framework for comprehensive harm prevention. The STROBE reporting checklist was used.ResultsWard response rates between 35% and 58% resulted in 132 complete questionnaires for analyses. High mean scores for behavioural regulation (3.28), beliefs about capabilities (2.96) and environmental context and resources (2.73) indicated these domains were perceived by nurses as enablers. Low mean scores for the domains of intentions (1.65), beliefs about consequences (1.69), optimism (1.72) and professional role and identity (1.85) indicated these were barriers to comprehensive harm prevention by nurses. High perceived quality of care (scored 9–10/10) (p = .024), and awareness of strategies for the eight‐factor framework (p = .019) were significant enablers of comprehensive harm prevention.ConclusionTargeted evidence‐based strategies that include education, persuasion, incentivization, coercion and modelling would be most useful for promoting comprehensive harm prevention by nurses. However, to be most effective the harm prevention strategy may need to be tailored for each ward.
Discovery, validation, and diagnostic ability of multiple protein‐based biomarkers in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid to distinguish between health and periodontal diseases
Authors: Grant Melissa M. , Taylor John J. , Jaedicke Katrin , Creese Andrew , Gowland Catherine , Burke Bernard , Doudin Khawla , Patel Upen , Weston Paul , Milward Michael , Bissett Susan M. , Cooper Helen J. , Kooijman Gerben , Rmaile Amir , de Jager Marko , Preshaw Philip M. , Chapple Iain L. C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo discover and validate differential protein biomarker expression in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) to discriminate objectively between periodontal health and plaque‐induced periodontal disease states.Materials and MethodsOne‐hundred and ninety participants were recruited from two centres (Birmingham and Newcastle upon Tyne, UK) comprising healthy, gingivitis, periodontitis, and edentulous donors. Samples from the Birmingham cohort were analysed by quantitative mass spectrometry proteomics for biomarker discovery. Shortlisted candidate proteins were then verified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in both cohorts. Leave‐one‐out cross validation logistic regression analysis was used to identify the best performing biomarker panels.ResultsNinety‐five proteins were identified in both GCF and saliva samples, and 15 candidate proteins were selected based upon differences discovered between the donor groups. The best performing panels to distinguish between: health or gingivitis and periodontitis contained matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP9), S100A8, alpha‐1‐acid glycoprotein (A1AGP), pyruvate kinase, and age (area under the curve [AUC] 0.970); health and gingivitis contained MMP9, S100A8, A1AGP, and pyruvate kinase, but not age (AUC 0.768); and mild to moderate and advanced periodontitis contained MMP9, S100A8, A1AGP, pyruvate kinase, and age (AUC 0.789).ConclusionsBiomarker panels containing four proteins with and without age as a further parameter can distinguish between periodontal health and disease states.