bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of readmission and complication rates between traditional sleep surgery and hypoglossal nerve stimulation
Authors: Nord Ryan , Fitzpatrick Thomas , DeShazo Jonathan P. , Reiter Evan R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to compare readmission and complication rates between hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) and traditional sleep surgery (TSS) in the 90‐day postoperative period using a federated electronic health record (EHR) database.MethodsWe queried TriNetX, a global federated health research network providing access to EHR data from approximately 70 million patients in 49 large health care organizations to identify individuals who underwent either HNS or TSS for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) from April 2014 to March 2021. Propensity scores based on demographics and obesity were used to balance groups. We compared the frequency of readmission/representation and surgical‐related complication rates between cohorts.ResultsAfter propensity score matching of HNS versus palatal surgery (n = 1014 in each cohort) and HNS versus multilevel surgery (n = 374 in each cohort), we found palatal and multilevel surgery had a significantly higher risk of readmission versus HNS. (12% vs. 4%, p < .0001). Palatal surgery complication rate was also higher than HNS (21% vs. 2%, p < .0001). Multi‐level surgery results were similarly higher (22% vs. 3%, p < .001). The most common diagnoses at ER readmission for TSS were procedural complications and pain, while common diagnoses for HNS readmission were general complaints such as malaise and headache.ConclusionsHypoglossal nerve stimulation has lower risk of readmission and postoperative complications than traditional sleep surgery as demonstrated in a large research network database analysis.Level of Evidence: 3.
Up‐Converted Long Persistent Luminescence from CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals in Glass
Authors: Peng Qingpeng , Wang Ting , Tang Haitao , Ji Tao , Wang Wei , Xiao Jianqiang , Li Xin , Liu Zhichao , Qiu Jianbei , Yu Xue , Xu Xuhui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAll‐inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have stimulated the enthusiasm of the research on light emitting diodes (LEDs), laser, X‐ray detection, and information encryption, thanks to their excellent optical performance. Exploiting CsPbBr3 NCs with fascinating long persistent luminescence (LPL) is significantly important for expanding their potential applications. In this work, the room temperature LPL is successfully achieved in CsPbBr3 glass‐ceramics (GCs) through the optical write with a femtosecond (fs) laser. The carriers captured by the generated trapping centers for the crack of non‐bridged oxygen bonds in the glassy matrix are released by the thermal disturbance of room temperature. Moreover, the LPL performance is modulated flexibly for doping with La3+, Dy3+, Nd3+, and Lu3+ ions in the CsPbBr3 GCs, endowing the successful construction of a time‐resolved anti‐counterfeiting mode. Furthermore, the high stability and high color purity (97.04%) of the as‐obtained CsPbBr3 GCs are demonstrated. The results open a window for fs laser induced perovskite with myriad applications in optical storage devices.
Phosphor‐in‐Silica‐Glass: Filling the Gap between Low‐ and High‐Brightness Solid‐State Lightings
Authors: Li Qi , Xiao Wenge , Zhang Dao , Wang Dandan , Zheng Guojun , Qiu Jianrong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHigh‐brightness phosphor‐converted solid‐state light (SSL) sources based on blue light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) or laser diodes (LDs) will enable versatile optical applications other than general illumination. However, luminescence ceramics/crystals are too expensive for widespread use, while phosphor‐in‐glass converters suffer from low conversion efficiency at high‐power‐density excitation and poor chemical and thermal stabilities of low‐melting glasses. Herein, an ultrathin interface (<50 nm) is reported in Lu3Al5O12:Ce3+ phosphor‐in‐silica‐glass (LuAG:Ce‐PiSG) despite being sintered at 1250 °C, endowing them with high internal quantum efficiency (>95%) and excellent stabilities. Combined experimental results and first‐principles calculations reveal that the large formation energy of SiAl point defects makes the undesired interfacial reaction between aluminate garnets and silica glass intrinsically suppressed. Phosphor‐converted LEDs/LDs fabricated by LuAG:Ce‐PiSG exhibit high luminous efficiency (195 lm W−1 @ 20 mA) and high brightness (1914 lm @ 13.4 W mm−2), approaching the performances of their ceramic counterparts. The results not only provide a way to balance the brightness and the price for SSL sources but also unleash the potential of silica glass as an inorganic matrix for emerging optical applications.
Ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser improves quality of life in patients with extensive burn scars: A nested case–control study
Authors: Liu Huazhen , Shu Futing , Xu Haiting , Ji Chao , Wang Yuxiang , Lou Xiaozhen , Luo Pengfei , Xiao Shichu , Xia Zhaofan , Lv Kaiyang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAblative fractional carbon dioxide laser (CO2‐AFL) for small‐area burn scar management shows encouraging outcomes. Few studies, however, focused on comprehensive outcomes following CO2‐AFL treatment for extensive burn scars. This study evaluated whether CO2‐AFL surgery improved the quality of life (QoL) for burn survivors with extensive hypertrophic scars.MethodsA retrospective nested case–control study was initiated to analyze the efficacy of CO2‐AFL treatment for patients with large‐area burn scars. Patients with extensive burn scars (≥30% total body surface area [TBSA]) were registered in our hospital from March 2016 to October 2018. Patients undergoing CO2‐AFL surgery were divided into CO2‐AFL group, and patients undergoing conventional surgery were matched in a 1:1 ratio as the conventional surgery group according to the burned area. The questionnaires were collected and followed up. The 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) and Burns Specific Health Scale–Brief (BSHS‐B) were the primary parameters. Secondary parameters included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), University of North Carolina “4P” Scars Scale (UNC4P), Patient Scars Assessment Scale for Patient (POSAS‐P), and Douleur Neuropathique 4 questions (DN4).Results23 patients (55.96 ± 21.59% TBSA) were included in CO2‐AFL group and 23 patients (57.87 ± 18.21% TBSA) in conventional surgery group. Both the BSHS‐B total score (CO2‐AFL vs. conventional surgery: 115.35 ± 29.24 vs. 85.43 ± 33.19, p = 0.002) and the SF‐36 total score (CO2‐AFL vs. conventional surgery: 427.79 ± 118.27 vs. 265.65 ± 81.66, p < 0.001) for the CO2‐AFL group were higher than those for the conventional surgery group. Parameters for the CO2‐AFL group were lower than those for the conventional surgery group in all of the following comparisons: PSQI total score (CO2‐AFL vs. conventional surgery: 7.70 ± 3.74 vs. 12.26 ± 4.61, p = 0.001), POSAS‐P total score (CO2‐AFL vs. conventional surgery: 26.48 ± 6.60 vs. 33.04 ± 4.56, p < 0.001), UNC4P total score (CO2‐AFL vs. conventional surgery: 5.57 ± 1.97 vs. 7.26 ± 1.81, p = 0.004), and DN4 score (CO2‐AFL vs. conventional surgery: 3 [2–5] vs. 5 [4–8], p = 0.004).ConclusionsCompared to conventional surgery, whole scar CO2‐AFL surgery dramatically improved physical and mental health as well as QoL for people with extensive burn scars. Additionally, CO2‐AFL enhanced the evaluation of scars including their appearance, pain, itching, and a host of other symptoms.
The value of broad taxonomic comparisons in evolutionary medicine: Disease is not a trait but a state of a trait!
Authors: Pavličev Mihaela , Wagner Günter P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this short paper, we argue that there is a fundamental connection between the medical sciences and evolutionary biology as both are sciences of biological variation. Medicine studies pathological variation among humans (and domestic animals in veterinary medicine) and evolutionary biology studies variation within and among species in general. A key principle of evolutionary biology is that genetic differences among species have arisen first from mutations originating within populations. This implies a mechanistic continuity between variation among individuals within a species and variation between species. This fact motivates research that seeks to leverage comparisons among species to unravel the genetic basis of human disease vulnerabilities. This view also implies that genetically caused diseases can be understood as extreme states of an underlying trait, that is, an axis of variation, rather than distinct traits, as often assumed in GWAS studies. We illustrate these points with a number of examples as diverse as anatomical birth defects, cranio‐facial variation, preeclampsia and vulnerability to metastatic cancer.
The durability of thin superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap in sole reconstruction: Clinical experience with 18 cases
Authors: Abdelfattah Usama , Elbanoby Tarek , Elmofty Ahmed Maged , Hassan Ali , Mohammed Ahmed Saied , Roshdy Samir , Salah Mohamed 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap's overall success in the reconstruction of the lower limb has been acceptable, but the sole of the foot remains more challenging. The purpose of this article is to report our experience employing the SCIP flap and evaluate its durability in reconstructing different units of the foot's sole, heel, middle, and forefoot.Patients and MethodsThis retrospective study reviewed 18 patients with sole defect reconstructed with free SCIP flap from 2017 to 2019. 18 free SCIP flaps were harvested depending on the superficial branch of SCIA (n = 16) or deep branch (n = 2). All flaps were thin and elevated above the scrapa's fascia. The heel (n = 10), middle foot sole (n = 5), forefoot sole (n = 2), and combined heel and midfoot in one patient were among the defect locations. Sole defects were caused by trauma in 10 patients (55.5%), while the rest of the causes were melanoma (three patients, 16.7%), diabetic ulcer (three patients, 16.7%), and unstable scar (one patient), and calcaneal osteomyelitis (one patient). The defect size ranged from 24 to 230 cm2.ResultsThe flap dimensions ranged from 6 × 4 to 18 × 11 cm. Mean follow‐up observations were 42.5 months. 72.2% of our patients developed protective sensation between 12–18 months. No ulcerations were observed, and all of the patients had successful functional recoveries with satisfying cosmetic outcomes.ConclusionThe SCIP flap can be an optimal durable skin flap for weight‐bearing sole reconstruction. SCIP flap has the advantage of being thin minimizing the problem of shearing, the need for secondary procedures, and the faster recovery of protective sensation that could prevent ulceration.
Determination of the proton LET using thin film solar cells coated with scintillating powder
Authors: Jeong Seonghoon , Kim Chankyu , An Seohyeon , Kwon Yong‐Cheol , Pak Sang‐il , Cheon Wonjoong , Shin Dongho , Lim Youngkyung , Jeong Jong Hwi , Kim Haksoo , Lee Se Byeong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThe amount of luminescent light detected in a scintillator is reduced with increased proton linear energy transfer (LET) despite receiving the same proton dose, through a phenomenon called quenching. This study evaluated the ability of a solar cell coated with scintillating powder (SC‐SP) to measure therapeutic proton LET by measuring the quenching effect of the scintillating powder using a solar cell while simultaneously measuring the dose of the proton beam.MethodsSC‐SP was composed of a flexible thin film solar cell and scintillating powder. The LET and dose of the pristine Bragg peak in the 14 cm range were calculated using a validated Monte Carlo model of a double scattering proton beam nozzle. The SC‐SP was evaluated by measuring the proton beam under the same conditions at specific depths using SC‐SP and Markus chamber. Finally, the 10 and 20 cm range pristine Bragg peaks and 5 cm spread‐out Bragg peak (SOBP) in the 14 cm range were measured using the SC‐SP and the Markus chamber. LETs measured using the SC‐SP were compared with those calculated using Monte Carlo simulations.ResultsThe quenching factors of the SC‐SP and solar cell alone, which were slopes of linear fit obtained from quenching correction factors according to LET, were 0.027 and 0.070 µm/keV (R2: 0.974 and 0.975). For pristine Bragg peaks in the 10 and 20 cm ranges, the maximum differences between LETs measured using the SC‐SP and calculated using Monte Carlo simulations were 0.5 keV/µm (15.7%) and 1.2 keV/µm (12.0%), respectively. For a 5 cm SOBP proton beam, the LET measured using the SC‐SP and calculated using Monte Carlo simulations differed by up to 1.9 keV/µm (18.7%).ConclusionsComparisons of LETs for pristine Bragg peaks and SOBP between measured using the SC‐SP and calculated using Monte Carlo simulations indicated that the solar cell‐based system could simultaneously measure both LET and dose in real‐time and is cost‐effective.
Periodic paralysis due to cumulative effects of rare variants in SCN4A with small functional alterations
Authors: Shibano Maki , Kubota Tomoya , Kokubun Norito , Miyaji Yosuke , Kuriki Hiroko , Ito Yuzuru , Hamanoue Haruka , Takahashi Masanori P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsMutations in the SCN4A gene encoding a voltage‐gated sodium channel (Nav1.4) cause hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HyperPP) and hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP). Typically, both HyperPP and HypoPP are considered as monogenic disorders caused by a missense mutation with a large functional effect. However, a few cases with atypical periodic paralysis phenotype have been caused by multiple mutations in ion‐channel genes expressed in skeletal muscles. In this study we investigated the underlying pathogenic mechanisms in such cases.MethodsWe clinically assessed two families: proband 1 with HyperPP and proband 2 with atypical periodic paralysis with hypokalemia. Genetic analyses were performed by next‐generation sequencing and conventional Sanger sequencing, followed by electrophysiological analyses of the mutant Nav1.4 channels expressed in human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells using the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique.ResultsIn proband 1, K880del was identified in the SCN4A gene. In proband 2, K880del and a novel mutation, R1639H, were identified in the same allele of the SCN4A gene. Functional analyses revealed that the K880del in SCN4A has a weak functional effect on hNav1.4, increasing the excitability of the sarcolemma, which could represent a potential pathogenic factor. Although R1639H alone did not reveal functional changes strong enough to be pathogenic, Nav1.4 with both K880del and R1639H showed enhanced activation compared with K880del alone, indicating that R1639H may modify the hNav1.4 channel function.DiscussionA cumulative effect of variants with small functional alterations may be considered as the underpinning oligogenic pathogenic mechanisms for the unusual phenotype of periodic paralysis.
Anoxia/reoxygenation enhances spontaneous contractile activity via TRPA1 channel and COX2 activation in isolated rat whole bladder
Authors: Anraku Tsuyoshi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeBladder ischemia/reperfusion is an important etiologic factor for overactive bladder disease. The occurrence of this disease is closely associated with enhanced spontaneous contractile activity of the bladder. However, the relationship between bladder ischemia/reperfusion and altered spontaneous bladder contractions (SBC) remains poorly studied. Therefore, the present study investigated whether ischemia/reperfusion affects SBC ex vivo.MethodsSBC was measured using isolated whole bladder preparations from rats. The preparations were exposed to anoxia (95% N2) for 0.5–6 h, followed by reoxygenation (95% O2) in Krebs medium.ResultsAnoxia followed by reoxygenation significantly enhanced the amplitude of SBC without affecting its frequency in an anoxic duration‐dependent manner. The 5 h anoxia/reoxygenation‐induced enhancement of SBC amplitude was completely suppressed by an antioxidant combination of L(+)‐ascorbate/D, L‐α‐tocopherol, or N‐acetyl cysteine. Additionally, the enhanced SBC amplitude was inhibited in a concentration‐dependent manner by the nonselective TRP antagonist ruthenium red, or selective TRPA1 antagonists HC‐030031 or AP‐18. A similar inhibitory effect was obtained after repeated treatment with the TRPA1 agonist allyl isothiocyanate, as it induced acute desensitization of TRPA1 channels. Further, the enhanced SBC amplitude was significantly diminished by the nonselective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor indomethacin or selective COX2 inhibitor NS‐398, but not by the selective COX1 inhibitor SC‐560 and 5‐lipoxygenase inhibitor MK‐886.ConclusionsThe study findings reveal that the spontaneous contractile activity of the bladder is significantly enhanced in response to anoxia/reoxygenation, and that oxidative stress and activation of TRPA1 and COX2 (the resulting production of prostaglandins) are involved in the enhanced SBC activity.
Multiscale investigation of the effect of sizing chemistry on the adhesion and interfacial properties of glass fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Assengone Otogo Be Sigrid , Fahs Armand , Belec Lénaïk , Belkessam Saadia , Louarn Guy , Chailan Jean‐François 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe objective of the present work is to understand how the main constituents of sizing modify the interfacial strength, the mechanical properties of epoxy composites as well as their durability. In this study, two model interphases between E‐glass fibers and epoxy resin were designed and studied in terms of adhesion and mechanical strength from nano to macroscale. The first one is made from a reactive sizing of APTMS silane coupling agent and DGEBA pre‐polymer film‐former. The other one contains a non‐reactive MTES silane and neutralized DGEBA film‐former. The sizings were evidenced by SEM/AFM observations and XPS spectroscopy. The characterization of the prepared composites by AFM nano‐mechanic mode, micromechanical tests revealed the effect of the sizing chemistry on the interfacial properties between glass fibers and matrix. The interfacial strength is more important for the composites reinforced with APTMS‐DGEBA sized fibers than those prepared with MTES‐BGEA sized fibers. In each case, an interphase area of around 200 nm width is detected at fibers vicinity. In this area, the elastic modulus is more than 25% lower than the bulk matrix modulus.
Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/molybdenum disulfide nanocomposite coatings: Studying the surface properties and corrosion protection
Authors: Ramezani Afsaneh , Seyfi Javad , Razavi Aghjeh Mir Karim , Mohammadloo Hossein Eivaz , Mousavi Seyed Rasoul , Khonakdar Hossein Ali 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRobust nanocomposite coatings based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoplatelets were prepared by a spray coating method. To achieve various surface structures, the coatings were dried at room and oven temperatures (20 and 200°C). All the samples dried at room temperature exhibited a highly porous surface structure, attributed to the strong nonsolvent role of water vapor, which triggered the nonsolvent‐induced phase separation (VIPS). On the other hand, the oven‐dried coatings showed a dense structure with no pores, resulting from eliminating the VIPS process by enhancing the drying temperature. MoS2 nanoplatelets were localized at the surface layer and the adjacent beneath layers. The formation of α‐type PVDF crystals was intensified for the oven‐dried samples based on the surface morphology and X‐ray diffraction patterns. Roughness analysis demonstrated that MoS2 nanoplatelets interfere with the phase separation process leading to a lower porosity for the room‐dried coatings. The elimination of porosity by increasing the drying temperature caused the hydrophobicity of the coatings to be notably decreased. Polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results revealed that both polymeric and nanocomposite coatings improved the corrosion resistance of the aluminum substrates, and the oven‐dried pure PVDF coating exhibited the highest level of corrosion protection.
Thes‐trans,s‐cis‐conformer of all‐trans‐1,6‐diphenyl‐1,3,5‐hexatriene was detected: A response
Authors: Saltiel Jack 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn a series of publications, starting in 1992, we presented detailed analyses of changes in the fluorescence and absorption spectra of all‐trans‐1,6‐diphenyl‐1,3,5‐hexatriene,ttt‐DPH, that allowed their resolution into the pure spectra of two contributing species. Consistent with theory, we assigned the absorption and fluorescence of the major and minor species to thes‐trans,s‐trans‐ ands‐cis,s‐trans‐conformers ofttt‐DPH, respectively. Catalán criticized our use of isopolarizability conditions to achieve improved analyses, and we responded. He has now repeated his criticism in “Catalán, J. On the temperature‐dependent isomerization of all‐trans‐1,6‐diphenyl‐1,3,5‐hexatriene in solution: A reappraisal.J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2022, ASAP,” revealing persisting misconceptions. Not wishing to leave the casual reader with the impression that there are valid reasons for considering our work invalid or, at best, controversial, we respond again.
Solvatochromic Shift Enables Intracellular Fate Determination of Curcumin Nanocrystals
Authors: Lizoňová Denisa , Brejchová Adéla , Králová Eva , Hanuš Jaroslav , Štěpánek František 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDrug nanocrystals represent an effective way of delivering poorly water‐soluble substances to target tissues and cells. Due to the large specific surface area, nanocrystals promote dissolution; therefore, the drug usually co‐exists in both crystalline and dissolved forms. Commonly used analytical methods do not make it possible to easily distinguish between these forms within live cells. The present study reports a novel fluorescence microscopy method that makes it possible to distinguish intracellular forms of curcumin based on differences in fluorescence emission spectra. Due to solvatochromism, crystalline curcumin can be distinguished from curcumin dissolved in the lipidic components of cells. The methodology utilization is demonstrated by investigating the effect of surface stabilization of curcumin nanocrystals on cell uptake by different cell lines: macrophages and epithelial cells. The understanding of factors that control drug nanocrystal phagocytosis makes it possible to better interpret the observed anticancer effects of curcumin nanocrystals and design efficient drug delivery systems.