bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract P028: Ferrostatin-1 Ameliorates Cardiac Dysfunction In A Cardiomyocyte-Specific SIRTUIN 3 Knockout Mouse Model
Authors: Cantrell Aubrey C , Zeng Heng , Williams Quinesha , Chen Jian-Xiong X 
Published: September 2022

Aims:
Cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3cKO) in mice results in heart failure which is, at least in part, attributable to activation of the ferroptotic cell death pathway. Using a ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), we tested whether treatment with Fer-1 would ameliorate cardiac dysfunction in SIRT3cKO mice.

Methods and Results:
SIRT3cKO and SIRT3loxp (WT) mice were injected with Fer-1 (1mg/kg/day) for 14 days i.p. Echocardiographic measurements were performed at days 0, 7, and 14. Cardiac tissue was harvested on day 15 and fractionated into mitochondrial and cytosolic compartments for analysis.

Echocardiography revealed that SIRT3loxp mice have an average EF of 59.75% and an average FS of 31.81% before injection, which are not significantly altered over the course of treatment. Meanwhile, SIRT3cKO mice have severely impaired systolic function shown by reduced EF (37.53%) and FS (18.11%) compared to that of SIRT3loxp mice. These alterations are significantly improved, although not entirely normalized post-treatment, at 48.54% and 24.52%, respectively. SIRT3cKO mice also exhibit diastolic dysfunction with an increased IVCT, IVRT, MPI, and E/E’ ratio. The IVCT and MPI were significantly attenuated after treatment.
Gene expression analysis demonstrated that SIRT3cKO hearts have decreased levels of mitochondrial GPX4, TIGAR, and HIF-2α compared to WT. After Fer-1 treatment, GPX4 and TIGAR were both upregulated in SIRT3cKO mitochondria, suggesting that the TIGAR/glutathione axis may have a critical role in initiating ferroptosis. Mitochondrial HIF-2α demonstrated a trend towards increase, although insignificant. In addition, our data revealed that levels of mitochondrial aconitase were significantly elevated after Fer-1 treatment.

Conclusions:
Fer-1 treatment improves cardiac function in a time-dependent manner in SIRT3cKO mice by reducing mitochondrial ferroptosis via increased levels of TIGAR/GPX4 and aconitase. Because SIRT3cKO cardiac function is not entirely normalized after treatment, alternative pathways may be involved in the cardiac dysfunction seen in SIRT3cKO mice, and further works are warranted to elucidate the precise underlying mechanisms of heart failure due to loss of cardiomyocyte SIRT3.
Abstract P068: Dietary Sodium Restriction Prevents Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitor-Induced Hypertension
Authors: van Doorn Leni , Visser Wesley J , Van Dorst Daan C , Mirabito Colafella Katrina M , Koolen Stijn L , van Emond-de Mik Anneke , Garrelds Ingrid , Bovee Dominique , Oomen-de Hoop Esther , Bins Sander , Eskens Ferry A , Hoorn Ewout , Danser Jan H , Mathijssen Ron , Versmissen Jorie 
Published: September 2022

Vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFIs) are effective anti-cancer agents which often induce hypertension. VEGFI-induced hypertension was demonstrated to be sodium-sensitive in preclinical studies, but the sodium sensitivity in humans and its potential as a preventive antihypertensive strategy in the clinical situation remains unknown. Therefore, the efficacy of dietary sodium restriction (DSR) to prevent VEGFI-induced hypertension was studied in patients with cancer.
To this end, patients with cancer who developed VEGFI-induced hypertension (defined as daytime systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 135 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > 85 mmHg or a rise in SBP/DBP of ≥ 20 mmHg) were treated with DSR under supervision of a specialized dietician (aiming at < 4 g salt/day). The primary endpoint was the difference in daytime mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) increase between the VEGFI treatment cycle with and without concomitant DSR.

Of the forty-nine screened patients, twenty (41%) patients were eligible for the DSR intervention based on their VEGFI-induced blood pressure rise, of whom sixteen successfully completed the intervention. During the first VEGFI treatment cycle without DSR, mean daytime MAP increased from 95 mmHg to 110 mmHg. During the subsequent treatment cycle with concomitant DSR, mean daytime MAP increased from 94 mmHg to 102 mmHg. Therefore, DSR attenuated the increase in mean daytime MAP by 7 mmHg (95% CI 1.3 to 12.0,
P
= 0.009). DSR prevented the rise in the endothelin-1/renin ratio that normally accompanies VEGFI-induced hypertension (
P
= 0.020) and slightly prevented the onset of proteinuria: 0.15 (0.10-0.25) g/24h with DSR versus 0.19 (0.11-0.32) g/24h without DSR;
P
= 0.005. For two patients, proteinuria decreased from common terminology criteria of adverse events (CTCAE) grade and 3 during the treatment cycle without DSR to grade 1 and grade 2 during DSR, respectively.

In conclusion, DSR significantly attenuated the VEGFI-induced BP rise, the increase in the endothelin-1/renin ratio and the onset of proteinuria. Therefore, DSR is an effective and attractive non-pharmacological intervention for patients with VEGFI-induced hypertension and its sequelae.
Estimated Benefits and Risks of Using a Reduced-Sodium, Potassium-Enriched Salt Substitute in India: A Modeling Study
Authors: Marklund Matti , Tullu Fikru , Raj Thout Sudhir , Yu Jie , Brady Tammy M. , Appel Lawrence J. , Neal Bruce , Wu Jason H.Y. , Gupta Rachita 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Salt substitution (ie, replacement of table and cooking salt with potassium-enriched salt substitutes) is a promising strategy to reduce blood pressure and prevent cardiovascular disease, particularly in countries like India where there is high sodium intake, mainly from discretionary salt, and low potassium intake. Life-threatening hyperkalemia from increased potassium intake is a postulated concern for individuals with chronic kidney disease.

methods:
We used comparative risk assessment models to estimate the number of (1) cardiovascular deaths averted due to blood pressure reductions; (2) potential hyperkalemia-related deaths from increased potassium intake in individuals with advanced chronic kidney disease; and (3) net averted deaths from nationwide salt substitution in India. We evaluated a conservative scenario, based on a large, long-term pragmatic trial in rural China; and an optimistic scenario informed by our recent trial in India. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the findings.

Results:
In the conservative scenario, a nationwide salt substitution intervention was estimated to result in ≈214 000 (95% uncertainty interval, 92 764–353 054) averted deaths from blood pressure reduction in the total population and ≈52 000 (22 961–80 211) in 28 million individuals with advanced chronic kidney disease, while ≈22 000 (15 221–31 840) hyperkalemia-deaths might be caused by the intervention. The corresponding estimates for the optimistic scenario were ≈351 000 (130 470–546 255), ≈66 000 (24 925–105 851), and ≈9000 (4251–14 599). Net benefits were consistent across sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions:
Modeling nationwide salt substitution in India consistently estimated substantial net benefits, preventing around 8% to 14% of annual cardiovascular deaths. Even allowing for potential hyperkalemia risks there were net benefits estimated for individuals with chronic kidney disease.
An Interpretative View of the Origin of the Early Chinese Revolution from the Perspective of Secret Societies: Retrospect and Reflections from the History of Social Thought, Part II
Authors: Wang (王旭) Xu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The development of the Chinese revolutionary movement in the early twentieth century absorbed cultural resources from traditional secret societies and associations. The White Lotus, the Tiandihui, the Gelaohui, the Triad, and the various secret societies that had emerged in the Taiping and the Boxer rebellions were all incorporated into the discourse system of revolutionary history. The secret societies’ slogans of “overthrow the Qing and restore the Ming” and “rob the rich to help the poor” merged with the revolutionaries’ platform of “drive out the Manchus” and “relief for people’s livelihood,” and finally advanced the success of the Xinhai Revolution and was turned into a coherent historical narrative. After the founding of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen and Song Jiaoren carefully assessed the function of secret societies and distinguished them from modern political parties. On the other hand, leaders of the Communist Party, such as Mao Zedong, Qu Qiubai, Yun Daiying, and Chen Duxiu, emphasized the ideological transformation of secret societies and the suitable role they could play in the revolution, thus showing a dynamic strategy of allying with these organizations. The history of the relationship between the Chinese revolution and secret societies reflects the changing characteristics and logic of the underclass of Chinese society.
Immigration in an Era of Mass Reentry: Does Immigrant Concentration Guard Against Serious Recidivism?
Authors: Ramos Javier 
Published: September 2022

Objectives Determine whether the protective role of immigrant concentration extends to individuals with prior criminal histories such as ex-prisoners. Methods The present study used hierarchical logistic regression to examine the association between concentrated immigration and serious recidivism among a cohort of 182,509 ex-inmates nested within 957 zip codes in Florida. The study also considered whether this relationship is applicable to inmates from all racial and ethnic backgrounds. Results Results indicate that ex-prisoners have a 21 percent lower likelihood of recidivism when they return to communities with substantial numbers of foreign-born residents. This effect, however, is stronger for some populations than others. Conclusions Immigration serves as a protective feature for even high-risk populations. While this relationship does differ across race and ethnicity, no group experienced a crime-enhancing effect when returning to a community categorized by high immigration. The findings contribute to the burgeoning literature on immigration and crime by demonstrating that immigrant communities provide ex-prisoners with a pro-social context that diminishes their risk for serious recidivism.
A fast and efficient path elimination algorithm for large-scale multiple common longest sequence problems
Authors: Yu Changyong , Lin Pengxi , Zhao Yuhai , Ren Tianmei , Wang Guoren 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn various fields, searching for the Longest Common Subsequences (LCS) of Multiple (i.e., three or more) sequences (MLCS) is a classic but difficult problem to solve. The primary bottleneck in this problem is that present state-of-the-art algorithms require the construction of a huge graph (called a direct acyclic graph, or DAG), which the computer usually has not enough space to handle. Because of their massive time and space consumption, present algorithms are inapplicable to issues with lengthy and large-scale sequences.ResultsA mini Directed Acyclic Graph (mini-DAG) model and a novel Path Elimination Algorithm are proposed to address large-scale MLCS issues efficiently. In mini-DAG, we employ the branch and bound approach to reduce paths during DAG construction, resulting in a very mini DAG (mini-DAG), which saves memory space and search time.ConclusionEmpirical experiments have been performed on a standard benchmark set of DNA sequences. The experimental results show that our model outperforms the leading algorithms, especially for large-scale MLCS problems.
Early recurrence after cryoballoon versus radiofrequency ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: mechanism and implication in long-term outcome
Authors: Wei Yue , Bao Yangyang , Lin Changjian , Xie Yun , Luo Qingzhi , Zhang Ning , Wu Liqun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Early recurrence (ER) after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) has been considered as a common phenomenon but its mechanism and implication in long-term outcome has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to clarify the relation between post-ablation inflammation and ER after cryoballoon ablation (CBA) or radio-frequency ablation (RFA) and evaluate the clinical significance of ER.

Methods
A total of 154 patients with paroxysmal AF undergoing ablation were consecutively recruited, including 90 patients undergoing RFA (RF group) and 64 patients undergoing CBA (CB group). Myocardial injury and inflammation biomarkers were analyzed before and 6 h, 24 h and 48 h after ablation. Acute early recurrence (AER), non-acute early recurrence (NAER) and late recurrence (LR) was defined as recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmia during 0–3, 4–90 days and beyond a 90-day blanking period after ablation.

Results
Cardiac troponin I was significantly higher in CB group while C reactive protein (CRP) and Ratio Neutrophil/Lymphocyte were more elevated in RF group. Higher CRP level after RFA was significantly associated with AER in RF group and lower CRP level after CBA was predictive of AER in CB group. In addition, average cryoablation duration was positively correlated with CRP level after CB group. Cox regression revealed that NAER and left atrial diameter were associated with LR in RF group, while AER and NAER were predictive of LR after CBA.

Conclusions
Post-ablation inflammation was greater in RFA than in CBA. Excessive inflammatory response may be an important factor of AER after RFA. AER after CBA was related with lower inflammation and predictive of LR. Further investigations are still warranted to address on these findings.
Adherence to and usefulness of the national treatment guideline for urinary tract infections (UTI) in a risk area
Authors: van Driel A. A. , Mulder M. , Stobberingh E. E. , Verbon A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To optimize antibiotic treatment and decrease antibiotic resistance, national treatment guidelines are available for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in general practice. The usefulness of these guidelines in risk areas for antimicrobial resistance such as cross border regions or areas with dense agriculture, is unknown.

Methods
Midstream urine samples from women with symptoms of acute UTI visiting general practitioners (GPs) in the Westland area, a dense agriculture area, were microbiologically analysed, and patient characteristics, symptoms, previous and present antibiotic treatment were collected. The National Nivel data were used as reference for antibiotic resistance.

Results
Of 310 women with symptoms of uncomplicated UTI, 247 (80%) had a culture proven E. coli UTI. Empirical antibiotic therapy was prescribed to 148 patients (48%) in total; in 7% of women with a negative and 52% with a positive urine culture. Having more than one symptom was associated with the prescription of antibiotics; travel history or previous antibiotic use for UTI were not. The isolated uropathogens were susceptible to the empiric antibiotic therapy in 98% of patients. Resistance to co-amoxiclav was higher (22%) than reported in the national data of 2004 (12%), 2009 (13%) and 2014 (9%), as was the prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL): 3.4% in our study versus 0.1%, 1% and 2.2% in the national data respectively.

Conclusion
The presence of environmental and socio-demographic risk factors for antibiotic resistance did not influence the empiric choice nor susceptibility for antibiotics advised by the national guidelines in women with uncomplicated UTI.
Diffuse lamellar keratitis as a rare complication of diamond burr superficial keratectomy for recurrent corneal erosion: a case report
Authors: Lin Hung-Yu , Ho Wei-Ting 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To present a case with a history of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) developing diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) after diamond burr superficial keratectomy (DBSK) for recurrent corneal erosion (RCE).

Case presentation
A 25-year-old man presented with multiple episodes of RCE one year after femtosecond-assisted LASIK for myopia correction. Because conservative treatments failed to halt the repetitive attack of RCE, he underwent epithelial debridement and DBSK. However, severe foreign body sensation and blurred vision developed on postoperative day one. The next day, slit lamp biomicroscopy revealed DLK manifested as diffuse granular infiltrates at the flap interface. After topical corticosteroid treatment, the inflammation resolved gradually, and his vision recovered to 20/20.

Conclusions
Diffuse lamellar keratitis is a rare post-LASIK complication that can be triggered by DBSK, which causes impairment of the corneal epithelial integrity and subsequent inflammation at the flap interface. For post-LASIK patients with RCE, alternative treatments, such as anterior stromal puncture, may be considered to avoid extensive disruption of corneal epithelium and DLK development depending on the size and the location of the lesions.
Knowledge of fermentation and health benefits among general population in North-eastern Slovenia
Authors: Šikić-Pogačar Maja , Turk Dušanka Mičetić , Fijan Sabina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Fermented foods are staples of the human diet and fermentation process has been used by humans for thousands of years. The preparation of fermented foods was performed in the past without knowledge of the role of microorganisms involved. Nowadays, fermented foods, due to their proclaimed health benefits for consumers, are becoming increasingly popular. Our study was constructed to provide data on awareness and use of fermented foods among people in North-eastern Slovenia.

Methods
The cross-sectional study included 349 individuals (16–89 years of age). An online survey was designed to assess the participants' knowledge of fermentation, fermented foods, the consumption of fermented foods and awareness of the health benefits. Data were collected from March to June 2021 and analyzed using IBM SPSS 27.0.

Results
Compared with the youngest participants (< 21 years) knowledge of fermentation was higher in older individuals (p < 0.001). More than a half of the participants recognized the role of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts in fermentation process, however, only 18.3% of participants were aware of the role of the molds. Only 25.9% of the participants have become acquainted with fermented foods at home and 62.2% of them were aware of health benefits of fermented foods, but mostly on gastrointestinal health and the immune system.

Conclusions
As people today live predominantly in urban areas and incline towards westernized foods, they often lack the knowledge of fermentation and awareness regarding the nutritional value of fermented foods and their preparation. Steps should be taken to educate younger generations regarding the health benefits of fermented foods especially considering that most of them expressed their interest in learning more about the process.
Risk factors associated with comorbid asthma in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Fangyuan , Wang Xuechen , Shen Shen , Huang Kai , Wang Ming , Liu Xiaofang , Wang Chengshuo , Jin Jianmin , Zhang Luo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Although 20–60% of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) have asthma, the risk factors associated with comorbid asthma are not clear. The aim of the study was to investigate the factors associated with asthma, and develop a practical scoring system to screen asthma comorbidity in CRSwNP patients.

Methods
This report describes a cross-sectional study with consecutive CRSwNP patients. Two cohorts of CRSwNP patients named “modelling” group and “validation” group were investigated respectively. Logistic regression analysis was performed based on demographic and clinical data collected from patients in the modelling group to determine the risk factors associated with asthma, and establish a scoring system for screening comorbid asthma. Receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to evaluate the screening system; the optimal cut-off point was established by means of the Yoden Index. The consistency between the diagnosis of asthma by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) criteria and by the screening system was assessed by Kappa value in the validation group.

Results
Totally 150 patients in modelling group and 78 patients in validation group were enrolled. Female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 6.4; P < 0.001), allergic rhinitis (OR = 2.9; P = 0.021), serum total (T)-immunoglobulin (Ig) E ≥ 69.0kU/L (OR = 12.0; P < 0.001), and blood eosinophil count  ≥ 0.35 × 109/L (OR = 4.0; P = 0.001) were shown to be independent risk factors for asthma in patients with CRSwNP. Based on these variables, a scoring system (FAIE) ranging from 0(no risk) to 6(high risk); was developed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the system was 0.823, and the optimal cut-off value was 3 points, with sensitivity 83.8% and specificity 68.6% for screening asthma. The asthma comorbidity determined with FAIE score ≥ 3 points in the validation group, was moderately consistent with that defined by GINA (Kappa = 0.513, P < 0.001), with sensitivity 76.9% and specificity 74.4%.

Conclusions
Female gender, allergic rhinitis, serum T-IgE level, and blood eosinophil count are independent risk factors for asthma comorbidity in patients with CRSwNP, and the FAIE system may be practical for screening comorbid asthma in these patients.
Modified Borggreve–Van Nes-Winkelmann rotationplasty for surgery in developing countries
Authors: Sommerauer Laura , Phyo Aung , Pion Eric , Zucal Isabel , Klingelhoefer Eric , Thu Si , Win Than , Khin Sopyay , Kyaw Thura , Zaw Hein Htet , Htwe Maung Mg , Fabbri Nicola , Haerteis Silke , Aung Thiha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Amputation is still the most common therapy for patients suffering from osteosarcoma in Myanmar, despite the fact that limb salvage surgery e.g. Borggreve–Van Nes-Winkelmann rotationplasty for malignant tumors located within the distal femur or proximal tibia is the current state-of-the-art reconstructive procedure. A safe and reliable operation technique is crucial in order to perform a complex surgical procedure like the rotationplasty in lower-middle income economies with limited infrastructure and resources. The authors present seven cases of patients with osteosarcomas that received a Borggreve–Van Nes-Winkelmann rotationplasty with an evaluation of the procedures focusing on safety and sustainability.

Methods
From 2019 until 2020, seven young patients with osteosarcomas of the distal femur or proximal tibia were treated with Borggreve–Van Nes-Winkelmann rotationplasties in the Orthopaedic Hospital in Mandalay, Myanmar. As modification of the standard procedure the dissection and subsequent clamping of the femoral artery in order to minimize blood loss as well as the formation of an adipocutaneous flap that minimizes swelling and decreases the pressure on the vessels were successfully performed. This modified procedure resembles a safe and simplified surgical technique that is feasible under the circumstances of lower-middle income economies with good outcomes.

Results
All patients showed good functional and aesthetic results. One of the seven patients needed secondary wound closure due to wound dehiscence.

Conclusions
A simplified and safe operation technique for the performance of the Van Nes-Borggreve rotationplasty was adapted to the given constraints in lower-middle income economies and proved to be successful.
Trial registration All patients approved to participate in the study and have given consent to publication.