bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recommendations for nasotracheal tube insertion depths in neonates
Authors: Ebenebe Chinedu Ulrich , Schriever Kristina , Wolf Monika , Herrmann Jochen , Singer Dominique , Deindl Philipp 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundEndotracheal tube (ETT) malposition is common in neonatal intubation. Recommendations for ETT insertion depths predominantly address orotracheal intubation. The aim of this study was to develop gestational age-, weight-, and length-based curve charts and tables for nasotracheal ETT insertion depth recommendations in neonates.MethodIn this retrospective single-center study, the individual optimal ETT insertion depths in neonates were determined by evaluating postintubation radiographic images. Gestational age-, weight-, and length-based best-fit curves and tables were generated using regression analysis to calculate related ETT insertion depths. The insertion depths predicted by the models were compared with previously published recommendations.ResultsWe analyzed intubations of 178 neonates (gestational age range at intubation: 23.7–43.0 weeks). Applying sigmoidal logistic regression models, curves, and tables revealed R2 values between 0.766 and 0.837. The insertion depths predicted by the models revealed certain deviations when compared with four previously published recommendations for nasotracheal ETT depth estimation in neonates.ConclusionThe charts and tables developed in this study enable a fast and accurate determination of recommended nasotracheal ETT insertion depths in neonates.
Atezolizumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line therapy for metastatic urothelial cancer: A cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Lang Yitian , Chai Qingqing , Lin Yan , Liao Yahui , Zhu Yizhun 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: According to the IMvigor130 trial, adding atezolizumab to platinum-based chemotherapy was effective in the treatment of metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). Based on the perspective of the United States and China, the current study evaluated cost-effectiveness of atezolizumab plus chemotherapy for mUC patients in the first-line setting.Methods: A partitioned survival model was adopted for mUC patients. The survival data were derived from the IMvigor130 trial. Direct cost values were collected from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), Chinese Drug Bidding Database, and published literatures. The utility and toxicity data were gathered from related research studies and IMvigor130 trial. The incremental cost–utility ratios (ICURs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated and analyzed. Scenario analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed to observe the outputs and uncertainties.Results: The base-case analysis showed that the ICUR of atezolizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in American and Chinese settings is $ 737,371 /QALY and $ 385,384 /QALY, respectively. One-way sensitivity analyses showed that the ICUR ranged from $ 555,372/QALY to $ 828,205/QALY for the United States. Also, the range was from $ 303,099/QALY to $ 433,849/QALY in the Chinese setting. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed the likelihood that atezolizumab plus chemotherapy becoming the preferred strategy was a little low even if the price reduction strategy was applied.Conclusion: Adding atezolizumab to chemotherapy improved survival time, but it is not a cost-saving option compared to chemotherapy for metastatic urothelial cancer patients in the American and Chinese settings.
New permanent bundle-branch block and long-term prognosis of patients with new onset ST-elevation myocardial infarction who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Yang Yi , Wang Jun , Wu Bing , Xu Yanan , Tang Long , Jiang Haibing , Wang Benfang , Zhu Tongjian 
Published: August 2022

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential predictive value of permanent RBBB and LBBB for longer-term prognosis in patients with new-onset STEMI who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: Patients with new-onset STEMI that underwent emergency PCI at our department from June 2012 to September 2020 were included in the study. Gensini score (GS) was employed to evaluate the severity of coronary lesions. The primary endpoint of the study was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), the composite of cardiac mortality, recurrence of myocardial infarction, cardiac shock, stroke, stent thrombosis, or revascularization. We also set all-cause mortality as a secondary endpoint.Results: Out of the 547 patients, 29 patients had new-onset permanent LBBB, 51 patients had new-onset permanent RBBB, and 467 patients had no bundle-branch block (BBB). The occurrence of no BBB, new permanent LBBB, or RBBB was not associated with the severity of coronary artery lesions as evaluated by the GS. After follow-up at an average of 43.93 months, MACCEs occurred in 52 patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with new-onset RBBB were at greater risk for MACCEs compared to those with new onset LBBB (χ2 = 5.107, p = 0.021). Also, an independent correlation was found between new permanent RBBB and LBBB and MACCEs risk. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were 6.862 [95% confidence interval (CI) of 3.764–12.510] for the new-onset permanent RBBB and 3.395 (95% CI of 1.280–9.005) for LBBB, compared to those with no BBB, respectively (both p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: New onset permanent RBBB in patients with new onset STEMI who underwent PCI may be correlated independently with increased risk of poor long-term prognosis.
COVID-19, students satisfaction about e-learning and academic achievement: Mediating analysis of online influencing factors
Authors: Younas Muhammad , Noor Uzma , Zhou Xiaoyong , Menhas Rashid , Qingyu Xu 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe current study examines student satisfaction with e-learning, the adaption of online learning channels, digital competency of students' involvement, and academic achievement during COVID-19.PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the online influencing components for learning among University students in Pakistan during the COVID-19 Pandemic.MethodsThe study population comprised Pakistani University students in Punjab province who tooke online lessons throughout the epidemic. In accordance with the study's purpose, a questionnaire survey was employed to gather primary data. SPSS-23 is used for analyzing the demographic data, and cleaning and preparing data for testing hypotheses. SmartPLS 3.0 was used to investigate the suggested study framework using structural equation modeling (SEM).ResultsThe analysis of the SEM model shows that all planned hypotheses (Adaptation of Online Education Channels -&gt; Satisfaction about E-learning, COVID-19 Pandemic -&gt; Adaptation of Online Education Channels, COVID-19 Pandemic -&gt; Digital Competence, COVID-19 Pandemic -&gt; Motivation for Online Learning, COVID-19 Pandemic -&gt; Willingness for Online Learning, Digital Competence -&gt; Satisfaction about E-learning, Motivation for Online Learning -&gt; Satisfaction about E-learning, Satisfaction about E-learning -&gt; Academic Achievement, Willingness for Online Learning -&gt; Satisfaction about E-learning) are confirmed.ConclusionThe results linked e-learning satisfaction to academic success and Pakistani students who utilized e-learning throughout the outbreak reported higher levels of academic satisfaction and achievement.
Psychoactive substance use, internet use and mental health changes during the COVID-19 lockdown in a French population: A study of gender effect
Authors: Malandain Leo , Fountoulakis Konstantinos N. , Syunyakov Timur , Malashonkova Evgeniia , Smirnova Daria , Thibaut Florence 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionCOVID-19 has enormous impacts on each individual. The goals of our study were (1) to assess the rate of internet and psychoactive substance use, clinical depression and anxiety in a French population during the lockdown (2) to study the role of clinical and socio-demographic variables (especially, gender).Materials and methodsDuring lockdown, an online anonymous questionnaire was used to assess socio-demographic and health data, previous psychiatric history, anterior and current internet and psychoactive substance use, current anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation. The associations of socio-demographic, clinical variables with anxiety, depression, internet or psychoactive substance use were examined.ResultsThe study included 263 participants (aged 38.1 ± 15.3−197 males and 64 females). During the lockdown, internet use increased in 14.4% of cases, alcohol use in 20.2%, and tobacco use in 6.8%. In contrast, more participants reported a decrease in alcohol, tobacco or illicit drug use (25.9, 24, and 27.8% respectively). Anxiety was reported in 62.4% and depression in 20.2% of cases; 29.7% of participants reported an increase in anxiety and 25.5% an increase in depression. Depression was associated with an increase in internet and tobacco use. Tobacco and alcohol use were positively associated and an increase in use was more frequent in previous users of both substances. Maintaining a daily routine and relationships with family, being self-employed were associated to lower risks of depression and anxiety.ConclusionHigher rates of internet use, as well as depression and anxiety, were observed during the lockdown. Gender was not a significant associated factor.
Do older adults benefit from telepsychiatric care: Comparison to younger adults
Authors: Belanger Heather G. , Winsberg Mirène 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundTelemental health platforms may increase access to care for older adults. Historically, older adults have tended to adopt new technologies at a slower rate which creates a perception that they may not be able to benefit from them. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not older adult patients receiving psychiatric care for depression via a telemental health platform achieve the same outcomes as younger adults.MethodParticipant data utilized in the current investigation were obtained from a national mental health telehealth company (i.e., Brightside) and consisted of 12,908 U.S.-based adult patients receiving psychiatric care for depression between October, 2018 and January, 2022. Propensity matching was used to create an older and younger sample (n = 141 in each) using 23 covariates. These samples were then compared using repeated measures ANOVA on Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores at start of treatment, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 10 weeks, 12 weeks, 14 weeks, and 16 weeks.ResultsDespite matching, the groups still significantly differed on prior mental health treatment, such that more older adults reported having had prior mental health treatment. There were no other differences between the groups on assessed variables. Both younger and older adults had decreasing scores over time with no significant differences between them.ConclusionOlder adults have similar improvement in depression symptom severity over time following initiation of psychiatric treatment via a telehealth platform. These findings suggest that age is not a barrier to benefitting from telepsychiatric care.
Go/no-go task performance of Japanese children: Differences by sex, grade, and lifestyle habits
Authors: Shikano Akiko , Noi Shingo 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundJapanese children face critical psychological challenges that urgently need to be addressed.ObjectiveThis study aimed to clarify performance differences in go/no-go tasks among Japanese elementary and junior high students by sex and grade and comprehensively investigate the relationship between children's lifestyle habits and performance.MethodsIn total, 4,482 (2,289 males, 2,193 females) 1st grade elementary to 3rd grade junior high students (6–15 years old) participated. We conducted a survey and the go/no-go experiments in the participating schools on weekday mornings from November 2017 to February 2020. We collected data on the number of errors in the go/no-go tasks in response to visual stimuli (commission errors in the no-go tasks; omission errors in the go tasks); and on lifestyle habits (i.e., sleep, screen time, and physical activity) using questionnaires.ResultsFor the commission errors, the results demonstrated differences by sex and grade; for the omission errors, differences were only observed by grade. Additionally, we analysed the relationship between both types of errors and sex, grade, sleep conditions, screen time, and physical activity using binomial logistic regression analysis. Commission errors were significantly related to sex and grade whereas omission errors were related to grade, bedtime, screen time, and physical activity.ConclusionsOur results highlighted that children's cognitive functions are related to their lifestyle habits (i.e., sleep conditions, screen time, and physical activity) in addition to sex and grade.
Drinking natural water unchangeably is associated with reduced all-cause mortality in elderly people: A longitudinal prospective study from China
Authors: Liu Lu , Zheng Yi , Ruan Haiyan , Li Liying , Zhao Liming , Zhang Muxin , Duan Linjia , He Sen 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveBecause of rapid economic growth and followed urban expansion in China, many people drinking natural water had to change their water sources to tap water. We aimed to test the unknown association that whether continued use of natural water for drinking is different from switching to tap water in all-cause mortality risks in elderly people.MethodsIn total, based on Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, 26,688 elderly participants drinking natural water from childhood to young-old were included in the final analyses. Associations between whether changing drinking water sources or not and all-cause mortality risk were then estimated by Cox regression models with the use of multiple propensity score methods, and the primary analysis used propensity score matching, with other propensity score methods confirming the robustness of the results.ResultsBaseline characteristics were fairly well balanced by the three post-randomization methods. During a median follow-up period of 3.00 (IQR: 1.52, 5.73) years, 21,379 deaths were recorded. The primary analysis showed people using natural water unchangeably was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality than those switching to tap water in later life (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91–0.97, p &lt; 0.001). Other propensity score methods, as well as Cox regression analysis without using propensity score methods, showed similar results.ConclusionsAmong elderly people depending on natural water for drinking from their childhood to young-old in China, continued use of natural water was associated with a lower all-cause mortality risk than conversion to tap water later. Further studies in different countries and populations are needed to verify our conclusions.
Amino Acids Supplied through the Autophagy/Endocytosis Pathway Promote Starch Synthesis in Physcomitrella Protonemal Cells
Authors: Sakil Md. Arif , Mukae Kyosuke , Funada Ryo , Kotake Toshihisa , Ueno Shigeaki , Aktar Most Mohoshena , Roni Md. Shyduzzaman , Inoue-Aono Yuko , Moriyasu Yuji 
Published: August 2022

The physiological implications of autophagy in plant cells have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the consequences of autophagy in the moss Physcomitrella by measuring biochemical parameters (fresh and dry weights; starch, amino acid, carbohydrate, and NH3 content) in wild-type (WT) and autophagy-deficient atg5 Physcomitrella cells. We found higher starch levels and a higher net starch synthesis rate in WT cells than in atg5 cells cultured in a glucose-containing culture medium, whereas net starch degradation was similar in the two strains cultured in a glucose-deficient culture medium. Additionally, the treatment of cells with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine suppressed starch synthesis. Loading bovine serum albumin into atg5 cells through endocytosis, i.e., supplying proteins to vacuoles in the same way as through autophagy, accelerated starch synthesis, whereas loading glutamine through the plasma membrane had no such effect, suggesting that Physcomitrella cells distinguish between different amino acid supply pathways. After net starch synthesis, NH3 levels increased in WT cells, although the change in total amino acid content did not differ between WT and atg5 cells, indicating that autophagy-produced amino acids are oxidized rapidly. We conclude that autophagy promotes starch synthesis in Physcomitrella by supplying the energy obtained by oxidizing autophagy-produced amino acids.
Identification of Early Disorders of Glomerular Filtration Rate Depending on the Degree of Obesity
Authors: Агабабян И.Р. , Рахмонова Н.Ш. , Садыкова Ш.Ш. 
Published: August 2022

Ожирение повышает риск развития ряда коморбидных заболеваний, включая сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, хроническую болезнь почек, сахарный диабет, артериальную гипертензию, метаболический синдром. Ожирение хорошо известно как независимый фактор риска хронических заболеваний. Скорость клубочковой фильтрации (СКФ) является наилучшей рутинной доступной оценкой функции почек и имеет большое значение для наблюдения и лечения острых повреждений почек (ОПП) и хронической болезни почек (ХБП). Креатинин является наиболее часто используемым биомаркером СКФ. Уровень креатинина может зависеть от причин, не связанных с полом, мышечной массой, этнической принадлежностью и диетическими факторами. Цистатин является альтернативным биомаркером для оценки СКФ, который не зависит от мышечной массы, возраста и пола.
Obesity increases the risk of developing a number of comorbid diseases, including cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. Obesity is well known as an independent risk factor for chronic disease. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the best routine measure of kidney function available and is essential for monitoring and managing both acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Creatinine is the most commonly used GFR biomarker. Creatinine levels may be influenced by factors unrelated to detection such as gender, muscle mass, ethnicity, and dietary factors. Cystatin is an alternative biomarker for evaluating GFR that is independent of muscle mass, age, and gender.
Teleorientation in the ophthalmology service in a public hospital from May to August 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru
Authors: Huancahuari Ayala Gabriela , Román Benate Juan Francisco , Hernández Peña Arturo , Ticse Aguirre Ray 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
To identify presumptive diagnoses of patients treated by synchronous teleorientation in the Ophthalmology Service of Cayetano Heredia Hospital (CHH) during the COVID-19 pandemic, describing their demographic characteristics and the percentage of patients referred for a face-to-face evaluation.
Methods:
A retrospective observational descriptive study with secondary analysis of a database collected from May to August 2020 consisting of patients treated with teleorientation in the Ophthalmology service at CHH.
Results:
Three hundred and eight patients were included in the analysis. The main presumptive diagnoses were dry eye syndrome (24,68%), glaucoma (18.51%), cataract (17,85%), post-operated (5,84%) and viral/bacterial conjunctivitis (5,52%). Most patients were female (64,29%) and they came from Metropolitan Lima (91,88%). The number of older adults was higher than that of non-older adults (51,29% vs 48,70%). Finally, the patients sent to the Ophthalmology service for a face-to-face appointment were 4,55%.
Discussion:
During the period of this study, the main presumptive diagnosis was dry eye syndrome. This result obtained is similar to other hospitals. The main presumptive diagnoses that required a face-to-face appointment were acute posterior vitreous detachment, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration because they needed especial examination, like measuring the intraocular pressure and fundoscopy. Older adults required assistance more frequently compared to the non-older adult group (84.41% vs 59.57%, p< 0,001).
Viabilidad y seguridad de la biopsia prostática transperineal en la era de fusión de imágenes por resonancia magnética cognitiva/ultrasonido en la detección del cáncer
Authors: Zegarra-Montes Luis , Sarria-Bardales Gustavo , Martínez-Perez David , Del-Castillo-Pacora Rubén , Dyer-Velarde-Álvarez Richard , Trelles-De-Belaunde Miguel 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Describir los resultados de la biopsia prostática transperineal por fusión de la resonancia magnética cognitiva y ultrasonido en la detección del cáncer. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de serie de casos, retrospectivo, realizado en Clínica Delgado entre julio del 2019 y octubre del 2021. Se incluyó pacientes con examen digital de próstata y/o Antígeno Prostático Específico anormal e imágenes de Resonancia Magnética de próstata con lesiones categoría PI-RADS 4 o 5. Excluyendo a pacientes con trastorno de coagulación, lesiones rectales, imposibilidad para abducción, comorbilidades para anestesia. Registramos las características clínicas, demográficas, datos de antígeno prostático específico, volumen de la próstata, lesiones PI-RADS, tasas de cáncer, complicaciones. Resultados: Se evaluaron 18 pacientes, con edad media de 69,33 ± 7,67 años. La media del antígeno prostático específico de 14,94 ± 12,42 ng/mL. La media del volumen de próstata de 57,72 ± 28,68 cc. Al examen digital de la próstata 16/18 (88.88 %) pacientes tenían sospecha de cáncer. Biopsias en pacientes con lesiones PI-RADS 4 en 6/18 (33,33%) y 5 en 12/18 (66,67%). Biopsia con 19 núcleos a 6/18 (33,33%) y 16 núcleos a 12/18 (66,67%) pacientes. Pacientes con cáncer 15/18 (83,33%), todos Adenocarcinoma Acinar, con Gleason 6 en 2/18 (11,11%) y Gleason ≥ 7 en 13/18 (72,22%) pacientes. Complicaciones leves como hematuria 1/18 (5,6%), disuria terminal 8/18 (44,4%) y molestia perineal 7/18 (38,8%) y ninguna infecciosa. Conclusiones: la biopsia prostática transperineal por fusión de imágenes de resonancia magnética cognitiva y ultrasonido es factible, segura, con tasas altas de positividad y sin infecciones.
Guía de práctica clínica para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la distrofia muscular de Duchenne. Sociedad Peruana de Neurología. Versión Corta
Authors: Martínez-Esteban Peggy , Guillén-Pinto Daniel , Duran-Padros Alfredo Alfonso , Koc-Gonzales Daniel , Flores-Bravo Julio , Méndez-Dávalos Carlos , Suyo Suyo-Suyo Caroll , Espíritu-Rojas Elizabeth R. , Caballero-Bedón Nathaly , Chávez-Pasco Vilma Giuliana , Granados-Guibovich Katia , Graña-Espinoza Jessica Milagros , Celis-García Luis E. , Alva-Diaz Carlos 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Elaborar una guía de práctica clínica peruana para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne y Becker (DMD). Materiales y métodos: Se conformó un grupo elaborador de la guía (GEG) que incluyó médicos especialistas en neurología, neuropediatría, genética y metodología. El GEG formuló ocho preguntas para desarrollar las recomendaciones de la Guía de Práctica Clínica (GPC). Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en Medline, Scopus y CCRT durante el periodo enero-abril 2021 para responder a las preguntas PICO. La certeza de la evidencia fue evaluada usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Resultados: Las preguntas PICO, se orientaron para explorar el tamizaje, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la DMD. Se formularon 15 recomendaciones (10 fuertes, 5 condicionales) y 11 puntos de buena práctica clínica Conclusión: Se presenta la guía para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la DMD, elaborada bajo una metodología basada en las evidencias actuales.