bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fontan‐associated liver disease after heart transplant
Authors: Griffiths Eric R. , Lambert Linda M. , Ou Zhining , Shaaban Akraam , Rezvani Maryam , Carlo Waldemar F. , Schumacher Kurt R. , DiPaola Frank , O'Connor Matthew J. , Nandi Deipanjan , Zangwill Steven , McCulloch Michael A. , Friedland‐Little Joshua M. , West Shawn C. , Lee Teresa M. , Alejos Juan C. , Chen Sharon , Molina Kimberly M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundFontan associated liver disease (FALD) potentially impacts Fontan patients undergoing heart transplant. This multi‐center study sought to identify pre‐transplant risk factors and characterize any post‐transplant liver recovery in those patients undergoing heart‐alone transplant.MethodsReview of Fontan patients at 12 pediatric institutions who underwent heart transplant between 2001‐2019. Radiologists reviewed pre and post‐transplant liver imaging for fibrosis. Laboratory, pathology and endoscopy studies were reviewed.Results156 patients underwent transplant due to decreased ventricular function (49%), protein losing enteropathy (31%) or plastic bronchitis (10%); median age at transplant was 13.6 years (interquartile range IQR 7.8, 17.2) with a median of 9.3 years (IQR 3.2, 13.4) between the Fontan operation and transplant. Few patients had pre‐transplant endoscopy (18%), and liver biopsy (19%). There were 31 deaths (20%). The median time from transplant to death was 0.5 years (95% Confidence Interval CI 0.0, 3.6). The five‐year survival was 73% (95% CI 64%, 83%). Deaths were related to cardiac causes in 68% (21/31) and infection in 6 (19%). A pre‐transplant elevation in bilirubin was a predictor of death. Higher platelet levels were protective. Immediate post‐transplant elevations in creatinine, AST, ALT, and INR were predictive of death. Advanced liver fibrosis identified on ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging was not predictive of death. Liver imaging suggested some improvement in liver congestion post‐transplant.ConclusionsElevated bilirubin, but not fibrosis on liver imaging, was associated with post‐heart transplant mortality in Fontan patients in this multicenter retrospective study. Additionally, heart transplant may alter the progression of FALD.
Alternative hosts of Erysiphe quercicola in the Brazilian cashew ecosystem
Authors: Fonseca Wéverson L. , Cardoso José E. , Lima Cristiano S. , Vieira Regimara F. B. S. , Brasil Suane D. O. S. , Muniz Celli R. , Andrade Israel L. , Martins Marlon V. V. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPowdery mildew is currently the most important disease of the cashew plant across all producing regions of Brazil. A recent study reported the occurrence of Erysiphe quercicola as the causal agent of the symptoms on leaves, inflorescences, pseudofruits and kernels. Morphological evidence raised the question of whether different hosts of the fungus occur in areas near to cashew orchards. This study was developed to compare the fungi that cause powdery mildew in plants in the cashew ecosystem in order to understand the host relationships, and raising the possibility that alternative hosts are involved in the epidemics verified in the cashew tree. The work consisted of collecting samples of plants with symptoms of powdery mildew and carrying out morphological, phylogenetic and cross‐pathogenicity analysis of the fungal pathogens. The results of this characterization showed that annatto (Bixa orellana), sombrero (Clitoria fairchildiana) and mango (Mangifera indica) are possible alternative hosts of E. quercicola pathogenic to cashew and can therefore represent a source of inoculum for cashew powdery mildew. In addition, the occurrence of this pathogen in mango in Brazil was identified for the first time.
Alternative plant protection strategies for tomorrow's coffee
Authors: Koutouleas Athina , Collinge David B. , Ræbild Anders 
Published: November 2022

AbstractContinuous pesticide usage has negative impacts on people and ecosystems associated with coffee farms. Alternative plant protection strategies can be implemented that are sustainable for both the environment and the coffee farmer. In this review, new genomic techniques (NGTs) such as RNAi (RNA interference, using spray‐induced gene silencing – SIGS) are presented as a possible novel strategy to manageCoffea arabicapests and diseases. Exploitation of the coffee agroforestry system (AFS) is presented as another strategy, offering both plant protection and ecosystem restoration functions. Interactions within a coffee‐AFS were found to both hinder and bolster the development of some coffee pests and diseases. Biological control represents a third strategy that has been examined to‐date to combat important coffee pests and diseases (i.e., American leaf spot, black coffee twig borer, coffee berry borer, coffee berry disease, coffee leaf miner, coffee leaf rust, coffee wilt disease and green coffee scale). The astute use of RNAi, AFS and/or biological control have the potential to provide alternatives to conventional pesticides for future sustainable coffee production. However, these approaches must be compatible with the coffee farmers' local needs and accessibility and bolstered through nationwide support by advisory services and coffee authorities.
Intensity and inter‐stimulus‐interval effects on human middle‐ and long‐latency auditory evoked potentials in an unpredictable auditory context
Authors: López‐Caballero Fran , Coffman Brian , Seebold Dylan , Teichert Tobias , Salisbury Dean F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is not known how Auditory‐Evoked Responses (AERs) comprising Middle Latency Responses (MLRs) and Long Latency Responses (LLRs) are modulated by stimulus intensity and inter‐stimulus interval (ISI) in an unpredictable auditory context. Further, intensity and ISI effects on MLR and LLR have never been assessed simultaneously in the same humans. To address this important question, thirty participants passively listened to a random sequence of auditory clicks of three possible intensities (65, 75, and 85 dB) at five possible ISI ranges (0.25 to 0.5 s, 0.5 to 1 s, 1 to 2 s, 2 to 4 s, 4 to 8 s) over four to seven one‐hour sessions while EEG was recorded. P0, Na, Pa, Nb, and Pb MLR peaks and N1 and P2 LLR peaks were measured. MLRs P0 (p = .005), Pa (p = .021), and Pb (p = <.001) were modulated by intensity, while only MLR Pb (p = <.001) was modulated by ISI. LLR N1 and P2 were modulated by both intensity and ISI (all p values < .001). Intensity and ISI interacted at Pb, N1, and P2 (all p values < .001), with greater intensity effects at longer ISIs and greater ISI effects at louder intensities. Together, these results provide a comprehensive picture of intensity and ISI effects on AER across the entire thalamocortical auditory pathway, while controlling for stimulus predictability. Moreover, they highlight P0 as the earliest MLR response sensitive to stimulus intensity and Pb (~50 ms) as the earliest cortical response coding for ISIs above 250 ms and showing an interdependence between intensity and ISI effects.
Chinese cultural biases, value congruence, and support for and compliance with protective policies during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Yuan Meng , Swedlow Brendon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPublic support for and voluntary compliance with protective policy measures are crucial to mitigating the spread of infectious disease. However, it is unclear why and how people with diverse cultural biases support particular protective policies. Relying on the Cultural Theory (CT) of risk, we hypothesize that value congruence with social distancing and a vaccine mandate during the COVID‐19 pandemic influences the level of public support for and compliance with these protective policies. Analyzing a Chinese nationwide sample, we find that the effects of cultural biases on public support and compliance vary not only with cultural biases but by how these are mediated through value congruence with particular protective policies. As hypothesized, hierarchical cultural biases increase public support for and compliance with social distancing and a vaccine mandates both directly and (indirectly) through value congruence. By contrast, as hypothesized, fatalistic cultural biases decrease public support for and compliance with social distancing both directly and (indirectly) through lack of value congruence and individualistic biases decrease public support for and compliance with social distancing and a vaccine mandate both directly and (indirectly) through lack of value congruence. However, the hypothesized effects of fatalistic biases did not hold for the vaccine mandate. We discuss reasons why these latter hypotheses regarding the vaccine mandate were not validated and suggest that risk analysts and communicators do more to discover and explain why particular protective policies are congruent with diverse cultural values.
Down‐delta hydraulic geometry and its application to the rock record
Authors: Prasojo Octria A. , Hoey Trevor B. , Owen Amanda , Williams Richard D. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTPalaeodischarge estimation is largely undertaken within fluvial settings. However, there are limited palaeodischarge estimates specifically from delta deposits, despite their significance globally. Estimating water palaeodischarges for deltas using catchment‐based approaches developed using data from fluvial settings requires estimating parameters from the rock record (for example, palaeotemperature, palaeoslope and palaeorelief). These may be difficult to determine, leading to under‐estimation or over‐estimation of palaeodischarge values due to differences in process‐form relationships between alluvial rivers and deltas. When a sediment‐conveying fluvial channel enters a standing body of water, delta lobes develop through repeating mouth bar deposition due to flow deceleration, forming a deltaic morphology with distributary channel networks that differ morphologically from those developed in unidirectional flowing alluvial rivers. This study provides empirical relationships determined across five climate regions, using 3823 measurements of distributary channel width from 66 river deltas alongside the trunk river bankfull discharge that feeds into the entire delta, using a hydraulic geometry scaling approach. Empirical relationships are developed from the global delta dataset between bankfull discharge and catchment area (Qb–A), and bankfull discharge and median distributary channel width (Qb–Wmed). These empirical relationships produce very strong statistical correlations, especially between Qb and Wmed, across different climate regions (Qb = 0.34 Wmed1.48, R2 = 0.77). However, both Qb–A and Qb–Wmed relationships have outliers that may be explained by particular hydrological or geomorphic conditions. These new empirical relationships derived from modern systems are then applied to Cretaceous outcrops (Ferron Sandstone and Dunvegan Formation). The comparatively simple scaling relationships derived here produced palaeodischarge estimates within the same order of magnitude as palaeodischarge values previously obtained using existing, more complex approaches. This study contributes to source‐to‐sink investigations by enabling palaeodischarge estimates that intrinsically account for climate impacts on channel geometry at the time of deposition, using measurements of channel width or catchment area of a deltaic outcrop.
Long‐term effects on weight loss and maintenance by intensive start with diet and exercise
Authors: Kaikkonen Kaisu M. , Korpelainen Raija , Vanhala Marja L. , Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi Sirkka M. , Korpelainen Juha T. 
Published: November 2022

This 36‐month study aimed to determine whether exercise intervention added to weight loss treatment in the beginning or at 6 months is effective for weight loss and long‐term weight maintenance. A total of 120 obese adults (body mass index >30) were randomly assigned to intensified behavioral modification (iBM), iBM+ additional exercise from 0 to 3 months (CWT1), iBM+ additional exercise from 6 to 9 months (CWT2), and a control group (CON). Questionnaires and measurements were collected at baseline, 3, 9, 24, and 36 months. The intervention consisted of an 12 months intensified weight‐loss period followed by a 24 months weight‐maintenance period. Eighty (67%) subjects (mean age 46.0 years, BMI 36.2) completed the trial. Compared with the control group, all three intervention groups had significant weight loss during the 36‐month intervention period (p < 0.001). The achieved weight loss remained significant at 36 months in the iBM (−6.8%, p < 0.001), the CWT1 (−5.8%, p < 0.001), and the CWT2 group (−3.9%, p < 0.001). The CWT1 group showed significant reduction in waist circumference at 9 months (−11.3 cm, p < 0.001), at 24 months (−8.8 cm, p < 0.001), and at 36 months (−8.7 cm, p < 0.001). Intensified behavioral modification alone and with exercise resulted in clinically significant weight loss and long‐term weight maintenance. The addition of exercise at the onset promoted greater reductions in waist circumference. In the treatment of obesity, including severe obesity, more intensive lifestyle interventions with exercise should be incorporated.
Peers’ emotionality and children's academic achievement in second grade: Testing the moderating role of children's behavioral self‐regulation
Authors: Hernández Maciel M. , Eisenberg Nancy , Valiente Carlos , Spinrad Tracy L. , Berger Rebecca H. , Johns Sarah K. , Diaz Anjolii , Gal‐Szabo Diana E. , Thompson Marilyn S. , Southworth Jody , Pina Armando A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough there is interest in the role of peers in children's schooling experiences, few researchers have examined associations and related underlying processes between peers’ emotionality, an aspect of temperament, and children's academic achievement. This study evaluated whether target children's (N = 260) own self‐regulation, assessed with two behavioral measures, served a moderating function for associations between peers’ emotionality and children's own academic achievement in second grade. There was a positive association between peers’ positive emotionality and reading scores for children with higher self‐regulation. Peers’ negative emotionality was negatively related to target children's reading scores, particularly for children with higher self‐regulation levels, but was unrelated to math scores. Peers’ positive and negative emotionality did not predict math scores, and there was no strong evidence for the moderating role of target children's self‐regulation in this association. This study highlights the potential role of children's self‐regulation in modulating peer effects on academic achievement, particularly reading.
Gene detection in a family with monilethrix and treatment with 5% topical minoxidil
Authors: Shen Qingli , Fu Zhonghua , Du Pengqiang , Wang Jianbo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the causative gene mutation in a family with monilethrix and observe the therapeutic effect of 5% topical minoxidil.MethodClinical data from a family with monilethrix were collected. Peripheral blood samples were taken from the proband, the parents, and 100 unrelated healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted. The genetic variation sites were screened with exome sequencing and verified by Sanger sequencing. The proband was treated with 5% topical minoxidil (1 mL twice daily). Hair quality was examined by dermoscopy before and after treatment.ResultsThe proband and her father have the heterozygous missense variant c.1204G > A (p.E402K) in exon 7 of theKRT86gene. However, the mutation was not found in the mother and healthy controls. The proband was treated with 5% topical minoxidil. Hair density and hair shaft quality improved significantly after 6 months of treatment. No adverse events occurred during treatment.ConclusionThis study shows that p.E402K is a mutation “hot spot” in patients with autosomal dominant monilethrix in China. Treatment with 5% topical minoxidil, is safe and effective.
The role of topical capsaicin gel in pain management during microfocused ultrasound treatment for neck laxity
Authors: Vachiramon Vasanop , Tanratana Pansakorn , Anuntrangsee Tanaporn , Palakornkitti Pasita , Yeesibsean Nitina , Kungvalpivat Pintusorn , Fabi Sabrina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) provides a heat and pain sensation (nociception). Capsaicin, a TRPV1 agonist, has been shown to induce a refractory period in the nerve terminal expressing TRPV1 and create long‐term nerve terminal defunctionalization.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of capsaicin for pain reduction during microfocused ultrasound with visualization (MFU‐V) treatment.Methods and materialsA randomized, split‐side study including 24 subjects was conducted. A combined 0.025% capsaicin gel and topical anesthetic were randomly applied on one side of the neck, and a topical anesthetic monotherapy was applied on the contralateral side for 30 min before MFU‐V treatment. Pain score (visual analog scale, 0–10) was evaluated at T1 (before MFU‐V), T2a (after the 4.5‐mm transducer treatment), T2b (after the 3.0‐mm transducer treatment), and T3 (after the entire treatment). Side effects were recorded.ResultsMean pain scores at T2a for combined and single regimens were 5.19 (±2.26) and 6.91 (±1.72), respectively (p < 0.001). The capsaicin‐treated side had a lower pain score at T2b and T3 (p < 0.001). Redness was longer on the capsaicin‐treated side (112.67 vs. 10.68 min, p < 0.001). No other adverse events including contact dermatitis were reported.ConclusionA single application of a combined 0.025% capsaicin gel with topical anesthesia produces a significantly lesser pain score during the MFU‐V treatment. Defunctionalization of TRPV1 may explain the alleviation of painful sensations caused by heat from MFU‐V.
Tectonics may affect closed watersheds used to monitor climate change and human activity effects
Authors: Jiménez‐Bonilla Alejandro , Díaz‐Azpiroz Manuel , Rodríguez Miguel Rodríguez 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlaya lakes developed in closed watersheds have been used as environmental impact indicators (global warming, water extractions, etc.), but they could be also sensitive to active tectonics. Our study area is located in the main watershed in the western Betics, the northern branch of the Gibraltar arc, which is within the fold‐and‐thrust belt. This area is characterized by an endorheic zone that includes some playa lakes floored by low‐permeable rocks. Our study shows the reduction or disappearance of playa‐lake flooded surfaces due to the reduction in their watershed area. This area reduction is favoured by stream catchments related to knickpoints, which seem to be generated by the quaternary activity of a dextral‐transpressive band within the Betics fold‐and‐thrust belt. χ map also shows the higher erosion power of Mediterranean streams, which will likely catch this endorheic area in tectonics quiescence.Statement of significancePlaya lakes developed in closed watersheds are commonly used to study environmental impacts such as global warming or water extractions. In this work, we analyse how these endorheic systems are sensitive to small water balance variations due to active tectonics. The endorheic area we chose to apply this new approach is located in the main Atlantic‐Mediterranean water divide of the western Betics (northern branch of the Gibraltar arc). The recent tectonics in this fold‐and‐thrust belt segment provoked the Atlantic‐Mediterranean gateway closure and the Messinian Salinity Crisis at 5.6 My. Our study of playa‐lake flooded surface and watershed modifications, together with structural and other geomorphic analyses such as the χ index, never before has it been made to detect active structures. Active tectonics likely influenced in the medium‐term evolution of the studied watersheds and this study is useful to predict both landscape and drainage network evolution in the future. In fact, the possible effect of active tectonic should be taken into account when using closed watersheds to monitor the impacts of climate change and/or local stressors such as water pumping activities.
The ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma tritici’ effector SWP12 degrades the transcription factor TaWRKY74 to suppress wheat resistance
Authors: Bai Bixin , Zhang Guoding , Li Yue , Wang Yanbin , Sujata Shrestha , Zhang Xudong , Wang Licheng , Zhao Lei , Wu Yunfeng 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARY‘Candidatus Phytoplasma tritici’ (‘Ca. P. tritici’) is an insect‐borne obligate pathogen that infects wheat (Triticum aestivum) causing wheat blue dwarf disease, and leads to yield losses. SWP12 is a potential effector secreted by ‘Ca. P. tritici’ that manipulates host processes to create an environment conducive to phytoplasma colonization, but the detailed mechanism of action remains to be investigated. In this study, the expression of SWP12 weakened the basal immunity of Nicotiana benthamiana and promoted leaf colonization by Phytophthora parasitica, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and tobacco mild green mosaic virus. Moreover, the expression of SWP12 in wheat plants promoted phytoplasma colonization. Triticum aestivum WRKY74 and N. benthamiana WRKY17 were identified as host targets of SWP12. The expression of TaWRKY74 triggered reactive oxygen species bursts, upregulated defense‐related genes, and decreased TaCRR6 transcription, leading to reductions in NADH dehydrogenase complex (NDH) activity. Expression of TaWRKY74 in wheat increased plant resistance to ‘Ca. P. tritici’, and silencing of TaWRKY74 enhanced plant susceptibility, which indicates that TaWRKY74 is a positive regulator of wheat resistance to ‘Ca. P. tritici’. We showed that SWP12 weakens plant resistance and promotes ‘Ca. P. tritici’ colonization by destabilizing TaWRKY74.
Law and the labour of reproduction: Constituting gestational work
Authors: Collard Juliane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCanada has recently emerged as a hotspot in a burgeoning global surrogacy bio‐economy. On the grounds that any commercial trade in reproductive capabilities would result in the exploitation of marginalised women willing to sell their eggs and wombs, Canada's Assisted Human Reproduction Act (AHRA) bans commercial surrogacy, allowing only for altruistic arrangements. Drawing together analysis of the AHRA and related legal, regulatory, and policy documents, feminist political economic theory, and a growing body of critical social scientific scholarship on surrogacy, this paper troubles altruism as a means of insulating surrogacy from market‐based exploitation. It contributes to the extant literature an explicit focus on the law as a key site in the reproduction of the gendered division of labour. Acknowledging the serious concerns that dog commercial markets in reproductive biology, it argues that the legal constitution of gestational work as altruistic is part of a broader juridico‐economic apparatus that has systematically devalued reproductive labour under capitalism. Efforts to insulate surrogacy from the market by legally designating it as a gift freely given facilitate the ongoing appropriation of reproductive labour, which is assigned, once again, to the realm of non‐value. A feminist political‐economic critique of altruism, this paper does not forward an argument in favour of commercialisation. Rather, its aim is to upend the commercial/altruistic binary that has circumscribed so much of the thinking and legislating around surrogacy.