bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use the Complete Blood Counts and Esr as Biomarkers Prognostic Tool in Breast Cancer Patients Attending Surgery Department at Esut Teaching Hospital, Parklane Enugu Nigeria
Authors: Clara N. Soronnadi , Ibeh N. C. , Ugwuene F. O. , Maduka L. , Odurukwe O. , Aneke E. I. , Ajuba M. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Full blood count is a prerequisite investigation requested from all breast cancer patients before and during treatment.Poor parameters adversely influence the outcome of cancers.
Objective: This study investigated the use of Complete Blood Count (CBC) and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) as biomarker prognostic tool in breast cancer subjects.
Methods: The sample size comprised of 110 female subjects and controls with ages between 21-70 years. A longitudinal study method was used. The samples were collected from apparently healthy individuals as control, pre-treatment at diagnosis and the treatment samples at different stages of the treatment. Questionnaire used obtained other demographic information. The data was analyzed with IBM SPSS PC. Version 20.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, III., USA.
Results: Results showed that increased Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and decreased Lymphocyte / Monocyte Ratio (LMR) were significantly associated with increased hazard ratio (HR) and decreased OS at p<0.05 while Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio ( PLR) had no significant difference at P>0.05 in Breast Cancer. In CBC and ESR, control, pre-treatment and treatment period, red blood cell (RBC) parameters and total white blood cell (TWBC) parameters decreased significantly at p<0.05 in treatment results compared to the pre-treatment and control results while others showed no significant increase at p<0.05 in treatment results compared to pre-treatment results. Treatment red cell distribution width (RDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV) observed a significant increase (p<0.05) compared to the control and pre-treatment results. Age group 21-30 years showed more susceptibility than other age groups with lowest mean±SD in CBC and ESR but with no significant difference at p>0.05.
Conclusion: This study supports the concept that biomarkers such as CBC and ESR can be used as a prognostic tool in early detection, treatment and monitoring of the disease progression in these subjects
Formulation and Evaluation of Superporus Hydrogel Composite as a Gastro Retentive Drug Delivery for Cefditoren Pivoxil
Authors: Jeslin D. , Nithyakalyani K. , Panneerselvam P. , Padmaja V. , Kumar P. Suresh , Kumar S. Anand 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this work was to incorporate superporus hydrogels for cefditoren pivoxil by using polymer like poly acrylic acid aqua cc polymer and composite agent like cross linked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose in the presence of N,N-methylene-bis-Acrylamide as crosslinking agent. Pluronic F-127 as a stabilizer and ammonium per sulfate and tetramethylene diamine as a initiator pair. Poly acrylic acid aqua cc polymer-cross linked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose superporus hydrogels of cefditoren pivoxil were incorporate by gas blowing technique. The reaction of pH on the swelling ratio was decisive. Swelling reversibility research was also achieve. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis and scanning electron microscopy studies were assume to indicate the drug loaded superporous hydrogels, while dissolution studies were achieve to assess release characteristics. Swelling was hugely depending on the term of crosslinking and the quantity of the polymer existing in formulation. The huge amount of cross-linking agent reduced the swelling ratio. The superporous hydrogels were hugely perceptive to pH of swelling medium, and exhibit reversible swelling and de-swelling behavior during still keep their mechanical stability. Apparent density was reliant on the amount of the superporous hydrogels and reduced with developing crosslink density. Degradation kinetics reveals that poly acrylic acid aqua cc polymer superporous hydrogels had good water holding potential. Drug release was similar to quantity of cross-linking agent. The studies report that poly acrylic acid aqua cc polymer superporous hydrogels can be used as a Gastroretentive drug delivery system in view of their swelling characteristics in acidic pH.
Manufacture of Bio-ethanol from Waste Material (Cassava Peels) Utilizing Some Microbes
Authors: Oladipo O. O. , Ilesanmi T. M. , Odeleye A. A. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: There has been various report of the potential of manufacturing of bioethanol from the use of different microbial inoculants for the fermentation of different feedstocks has been previously described and carried out by various researchers. And bioethanol is considered as cheap and efficient biofuel, and environmentally friendly
Aims: The aim of this study is to manufacture bio-ethanol from waste material; such as cassava peel, which would serve as an alternate source of fuel.
Methodology: Cassava peels obtained from garri processing plant in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, were washed, sun-dried, grounded into powdery form and then sieved with 1.5 μ nylon sieve. The powdery cassava peels obtained was cultured using the following inoculant combinations: A = 20 g + Bacillus; B = 20 g + Pseudomonas; C = 20 g + Bacillus + Pseudomonas; D = 40 g + Bacillus; E = 40 g + Pseudomonas; F = 40 g + Bacillus + Pseudomonas; G = 20 g + Aspergillus niger; H = 20 g + Fusarium; I = 40 g + Aspergillus niger; J = 40 g + Fusarium. The control was free of inoculated organism. The cultures were subjected to distillation process for on the 21st day; and the quantity of bio-ethanol manufactured in each group was recorded.
Results: The waste material (cassava peels) produced the highest bio-ethanol yield of 147 mL with A. niger, followed by the combination of Bacillus + Pseudomonas which yielded 108 mL of bio-ethanol. Low ethanol yields of 45, 83 and 94 ml/L were obtained from the cassava peels of in combination with Fusarium, Pseudomonas and Bacillus alone.
Conclusion: Microbes of choice in this study displayed great potential for manufacturing of bio-ethanol from cassava peels.
Shellac: A Bioactive Coating for Surface Engineering of Cardiovascular Devices
Authors: Yang Mingyuan , Wang Yong , Yue Fangyu , Jing Fengjuan , Qin Lina , Xie Dong , Zhao Yuancong , Huang Nan , Akhavan Behnam , Leng Yongxiang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNeointimal hyperplasia and thrombosis are the main factors contributing to implantation failure of blood‐contacting devices. Here, the excellent potential of shellac (lac), a naturally‐sourced, non‐toxic, and biodegradable resin, as a multifunctional coating to address these critical issues in blood‐contacting devices is reported. Shellac coatings with varied thicknesses of 95.1–518.6 nm are fabricated using spin coating. The viability and proliferation of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells cultured on the coatings with a relatively low thickness (95.1 nm) have no significant difference compared with that of 316L stainless steel (316L SS), while the viability and proliferation of the cells decrease significantly for the shellac coatings with thicknesses higher than 308.5 nm. Hemolysis ratios for all shellac coatings are less than 5%. The results of anticoagulation tests manifest that shellac coatings show superior anticoagulant performance compared with 316L SS through inhibiting coagulation pathways. Through implantation in the abdominal aorta of rats, it is shown for the first time that shellac coatings can inhibit neointimal hyperplasia, most likely due to the inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic transformation. Bio‐resin, multifunctional shellac coatings studied here, can be easily administered from ethanol solutions onto almost any type of solid material, ushering a new dimension for surface engineering of cardiovascular devices such as inferior vena cava filters and stents.
Circularly Polarized Light Source from Self‐Assembled Hybrid Nanoarchitecture
Authors: Wang Xiongbin , Wang Qiushi , Zhang Xuanyu , Miao Jun , Cheng Jiaji , He Tingchao , Li Yiwen , Tang Zikang , Chen Rui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCircularly polarized luminescent inorganics arouses attentions due to scalable preparation and versatile chiral optoelectronic applications. Here, strong circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) activity has been developed from self‐assembled cellulose nanocrystals decorated with blue emitting silicon quantum dots (QDs). The electrostatic attraction promotes the successful incorporation of QDs into chiral template matrix to form homogeneous hybrid nanoarchitecture films. It is found that their circular dichroism behaviors are closely related to the photonic band gap (PBG) while the CPL behaviors are determined by the QDs and PBG simultaneously. Furthermore, the as‐prepared chiral composite thin films have been employed as an efficient circularly polarized light source for preparing enantioselective polymer, which can induce chirality and photopolymerization simultaneously. Such strong CPL activity in nanoarchitecture films is highly promising for future inorganic optoelectronics.
Separate H2 and CO production from CH4‐CO2 cycling of Fe‐Ni
Authors: Jin Bo , Srinath Nadadur Veeraraghavan , Poelman Hilde , Detavernier Christophe , Liang Zhiwu , Marin Guy B. , Galvita Vladimir V. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCH4‐CO2 chemical looping is proposed for separate H2 and CO production using nanostructured Fe‐Ni looping materials. The product streams are obtained by first feeding CH4, which decomposes to H2 and carbon. The latter acts as reductant for the subsequent CO2 feed, which together with Fe re‐oxidation yields CO. After 25 CH4‐CO2 cycles, 10Fe5Ni@Zr has a higher H2 space–time yield than 10Fe0Ni@Zr ( vs. ), a 2.6 times higher CO yield () and lower deactivation. This improvement has two reasons: (i) CH4 activation over Ni leading to cracking, (ii) product hydrogen causing deeper FeO reduction. Deactivation follows from accumulated carbon, non‐reactive for CO2. On Ni and Fe sites, carbon can be removed by lattice oxygen or CO2, yielding more CO compared to the theoretical value for Fe oxidation. However, carbon that migrates away from the metals requires oxygen for removal, which restores the activity of the Ni‐containing samples.
Integrated metal‐organic framework (MOF) and pressure/vacuum swing adsorption process design:MOFmatching
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Zhou Teng , Sundmacher Kai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA two‐step integrated metal‐organic framework (MOF) and pressure/vacuum swing adsorption (P/VSA) process design has been recently established for gas separation. In the first step, selected MOF descriptors and process operating conditions are simultaneously optimized to maximize the process performance. Based on the obtained results, the second step (i.e., MOF matching) is addressed and exemplified by propene/propane separation in this work. Computational MOF synthesis and screening are explicitly carried out to find new advanced material candidates for enhancing the separation process efficiency. First, model‐based property‐performance relationships are developed for fast MOF screening. Then, MOF building blocks are extracted from 471 MOFs contained in the Computation‐Ready Experimental (CoRE) MOF database. With these building blocks, 45,472 hypothetical MOFs are created. After model‐based and molecular simulation‐based screening, six candidates are left and sent to P/VSA process optimization. Finally, three candidates are found to meet the predefined separation specifications and one candidate shows a better process performance than the best out of the 471 CoRE MOFs.
Synthesis and characterization of polyimidazolium species on silica nanoparticles: Study on cytotoxicity and removal of nitrate from water
Authors: Amininasab S. Mojtaba , Mohammadi Parisa , Abdolmaleki Sara 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA nanocomposite containing imidazolium based on modified silica nanoparticles (polyimidazolium based on nano silica particles [PIZNS]) was prepared to remove nitrate from water. The prepared compounds were fully characterized by Fourier transform infrared,1H‐NMR, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) and thermogravimetric analyzes. The ability of PIZNS in nitrate ions adsorption was tested under different operating conditions. The maximum removal efficiency and adsorption capacity (Qmax) of the PIZNS were obtained 90.56% and 37.73 mg g−1, respectively (initial nitrate ion concentration of 50 mg/L, at pH = 7, 30 mg adsorbent, contact time of 30 min). To evaluate the selectivity coefficient, the removal of nitrate ion was determined in the presence of competitive sulfate, bicarbonate, chloride, and phosphate ions by adsorbent. Further, kinetic and isotherm investigation showed best fit by second order and Langmuir models, respectively. In addition, the anti‐cancer properties and subsequently the cytotoxicity effect of the PIZNS was assayed in vitro using cisplatin as a standard against three cancer cell lines including PC12, HL60, and βTC. The most potent inhibition effect was observed toward HL60 cells by PIZNS. Thus, the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated in these cells. In addition, the cytostatic effect of this polymer was depicted in the HL60 3D spheroid model.
A brief history of Russian research on the autonomic nervous system
Authors: Nozdrachev Alexandr D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe first information on the structure and function of the autonomic nervous system dates back to the time of Galen (second century), while the beginning of the study of the autonomic nervous system in Russia can be traced back to the mid‐19th century. This review is devoted to the professional achievements of Russian researchers in the 19th and 20th centuries who were active in the field of the autonomic nervous system at different stages of the development of neuromorphology and neurophysiology. In addition, recent achievements of modern Russian researchers active in this domain are also highlighted. This review is mainly devoted to research on the autonomic nervous system in Russia, but it would be unfair not to mention the scientists who made a significant contribution to this field of science and worked in the republics of the former USSR. Russian morphology and physiology developed under the significant influence of well‐known western scientific schools. I sincerely hope that cooperation between Russian and foreign colleagues will continue and will be fruitful for global science.
Premature mortality in a population‐based cohort of autistic adults in Canada
Authors: Lunsky Yona , Lai Meng‐Chuan , Balogh Robert , Chung Hannah , Durbin Anna , Jachyra Patrick , Tint Ami , Weiss Jonathan , Lin Elizabeth 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch from different countries suggests that autistic adults are more likely to die prematurely than non‐autistic adults, but these studies do not always investigate male and female individuals separately and do not consider whether this pattern is unique to autistic people or is also an issue for people with other developmental disabilities. We examined premature mortality in autistic males and females (assigned at birth) in a population‐based cohort, compared to males and females with and without other developmental disabilities. Using linked administrative health and social services population data from Ontario, Canada, age‐matched males and females aged 19–65 years were followed between 2010 and 2016, and causes of death were determined. Over the 6‐year observation period, 330 of 42,607 persons (0.77%) in the group without developmental disabilities had died compared to 259 of 10,646 persons (2.43%) in the autism group and 419 of 10,615 persons (3.95%) in the other developmental disabilities group. Autistic males and females were more likely to die than non‐autistic males (adjusted risk ratio, RR 3.13, 95%CI 2.58–3.79) and non‐autistic females (adjusted RR 3.12, 95%CI 2.35–4.13) without developmental disabilities, but were less likely to die than adults with other developmental disabilities (males: adjusted RR 0.66, 95%CI 0.55–0.79; females: adjusted RR 0.55, 95%CI 0.43–0.71). Most common causes of death varied depending on a person's sex and diagnosis. Given the greater likelihood of premature mortality in adults with developmental disabilities including autism, greater attention and resources directed toward their health and social care are needed, tailored to their sex and diagnosis‐informed needs.Lay SummaryThis study looked at how many autistic men and women died over 6 years (2010–2016), along with how they died, and compared this to adults who did not have autism living in Ontario, Canada. It found that autistic men and women were more than three times as likely to die as people of the same age who did not have a developmental disability. However, adults with other developmental disabilities besides autism were even more likely to die than autistic adults. This means that we have to pay more attention and invest in better social and health care for autistic people, along with people who have other types of developmental disabilities.
Plasticizing effect of Apis mellifera honey on whey protein isolate films
Authors: Osuna Mariana B. , Michaluk Ariel , Romero Ana M. , Judis María A. , Bertola Nora C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aims of this study were to analyze the plasticizing effect of Apis mellifera honey on the mechanical, physicochemical and optical properties of whey protein isolate (WPI) films and to compare the results collected with the plasticizing effect of glycerol on WPI‐films. Response surface was applied to optimize the amounts of WPI and glycerol in order to obtain films with higher tensile strength (TS), moderate elongation, and lower water vapor permeability so that they could be used as reference films. Honey was added at different concentrations (60%, 80%, and 100%) of g honey/100 g WPI, as a plasticizer to the WPI‐films. In comparison to glycerol‐plasticized films, an increase in the percentage of honey produced a reduction of 20 ± 10 to 48 ± 0.5% of TS, a 66 ± 0.5% lower in Young's modulus (WPI‐films with 100% honey), and an increase of 186 ± 11% in elongation at break in the WPI‐films with 100% honey. Honey‐plasticized WPI‐films were from 29 ± 11 to 43 ± 3% less permeable to water vapor than glycerol‐plasticized WPI films. The mechanical characteristics of the 80% honey formulation did not differ significantly from those of the reference film (p > 0.05). Findings from this study indicate that honey has great potential as a plasticizer in WPI‐films.
Hybrid solid‐phase extraction to overcome interference due to phospholipids for determination of neratinib in human plasma using UPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Shah Priyanka A. , Sharma Vinay S. , Vanol Pravin G. , Sanyal Mallika , Shrivastav Pranav S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA reliable and robust bioanalytical method was developed to quantify neratinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor in human plasma, using UPLC–MS/MS. The extraction of neratinib and its deuterated internal standard, neratinib‐d6, was successfully performed on hybrid solid‐phase extraction ultra‐cartridges to remove the interference of phospholipids and proteins. Chromatographic analysis was performed on a UPLC BEH C18 (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) column using 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile under gradient conditions. The total analysis time was 1.5 min. Neratinib was quantified using electrospray ionization source operated in the positive‐ion multiple reaction monitoring mode. The mass transitions of neratinib and neratinib‐d6 were m/z 557.3/112.1 and m/z 563.1/118.2, respectively. The linear concentration range for neratinib was 0.5–500 ng/mL, which adequately covers concentration levels expected in real subject samples. The assay was extensively validated for various validation parameters following standard guidelines for a bioanalytical assay. The intra‐ and inter‐batch precision was ≤4.6%, and neratinib was found to be stable under various stability conditions. The mean internal standard–normalized matrix factor and recovery were 0.997 and 95.4%, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in healthy subjects with different doses.
Injectable bioactive glass/sodium alginate hydrogel with immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties for enhanced tendon healing
Authors: Xu Hongtao , Zhu Yanlun , Xu Jiankun , Tong Wenxue , Hu Shiwen , Chen Yi‐Fan , Deng Shuai , Yao Hao , Li Jie , Lee Chien‐Wei , Chan Hon Fai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTendon healing is a complex process involving inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling, eventually achieving a state of hypocellularity and hypovascularity. Currently, few treatments can satisfactorily restore the structure and function of native tendon. Bioactive glass (BG) has been shown to possess immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties. In this study, we investigated whether an injectable hydrogel fabricated of BG and sodium alginate (SA) could be applied to enhance tenogenesis following suture repair of injured tendon. We demonstrated that BG/SA hydrogel significantly accelerated tenogenesis without inducing heterotopic ossification based on histological analysis. The therapeutic effect could attribute to increased angiogenesis and M1 to M2 phenotypic switch of macrophages within 7 days post‐surgery. Morphological characterization demonstrated that BG/SA hydrogel partially reverted the pathological changes of Achilles tendon, including increased length and cross‐sectional area (CSA). Finally, biomechanical test showed that BG/SA hydrogel significantly improved ultimate load, failure stress, and tensile modulus of the repaired tendon. In conclusion, administration of an injectable BG/SA hydrogel can be a novel and promising therapeutic approach to augment Achilles tendon healing in conjunction with surgical intervention.
Application of Ambr15 system for simulation of entire SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine production process involving macrocarriers
Authors: Jayson Avital , Goldvaser Michael , Dor Eyal , Monash Arik , Levin Lilach , Cherry Lilach , Lupu Edith , Natan Niva , Girshengorn Meni , Epstein Eyal , Rosen Osnat 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Ambr15 system is an automated, high‐throughput bioreactor platform which comprises 24 individually controlled, single‐use stirred‐tank reactors. This system plays a critical role in process development by reducing reagent requirements and facilitating high‐throughput screening of process parameters. However, until now, the system was used to simulate processes involving cells in suspension or growing on microcarriers and has never been tested for simulating cells growing on macrocarriers. Moreover, to our knowledge, a complete production process including cell growth and virus production has never been simulated. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, the amenability of the automated Ambr15 cell culture reactor system to simulate the entire SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine production process using macrocarriers. To simulate the production process, accessories were first developed to enable insertion of tens of Fibra‐Cel macrocarries into the reactors. Vero cell adsorption to Fibra‐Cels was then monitored and its adsorption curve was studied. After incorporating of all optimized factors, Vero cells were adsorbed to and grown on Fibra‐Cels for several days. During the process, culture medium was exchanged, and the quantity and viability of the cells were followed, resulting in a typical growth curve. After successfully growing cells for 6 days, they were infected with the rVSV‐ΔG‐Spike vaccine virus. The present results indicate that the Ambr15 system is not only suitable for simulating a process using macrocarriers, but also to simulate an entire vaccine production process, from cell adsorption, cell growth, infection and vaccine virus production.