bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cues of wealth and the subjective perception of rich people
Authors: Rinn Robin , Ludwig Jonas , Fassler Pauline , Deutsch Roland 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThese pre-registered studies shed light on the cues that individuals use to identify rich people. In two studies (N = 598), we first developed a factor-analytical model that describes the content and the mental structure of 24 wealth cues. A third within-subject study (N = 89) then assessed the perception of rich subgroups based on this model of wealth cues. Participants evaluated the extent to which the wealth cues applied to two distinct subgroups of rich people. The results show: German and US-American participants think that one can identify rich people based on the same set of cues which can be grouped along the following dimensions: luxury consumption, expensive hobbies, spontaneous spending, greedy behavior, charismatic behavior, self-presentation, and specific possessions. However, Germans and US-Americans relied on these cues to different degrees to diagnose wealth in others. Moreover, we found evidence for subgroup-specific wealth cue profiles insofar as target individuals who acquired their wealth via internal (e.g., hard work) compared to external means (e.g., lottery winners) were evaluated differently on these wealth cues, presumably because of their perceived differences in valence and competence. Together, this research provides new insights in the cognitive representation of the latent construct of wealth. Practical implications for research on the perception of affluence, and implications for political decision makers, are discussed in the last section.
Timescales and contribution of heating and helicity effect in helicity-dependent all-optical switching
Authors: Li Guan-Qi , Zheng Xiang-Yu , Wang Jun-Lin , Lu Xian-Yang , Wu Jing , Cai Jian-Wang , Meng Hao , Liu Bo , Ostler Thomas A. , Xu Yong-Bing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe heating and helicity effects induced by circularly polarized laser excitation are entangled in the helicity-dependent all-optical switching (HD-AOS), which hinders understanding the magnetization dynamics involved. Here, applying a dual-pump laser excitation, first with a linearly polarized (LP) laser pulse followed by a circularly polarized (CP) laser pulse, the timescales and contribution from heating and helicity effects in HD-AOS were identified with a Pt/Co/Pt triple-layer. When the LP laser pulses preheat the sample to a nearly fully demagnetized state, the CP laser pulses with a power reduced by 80% switch the sample’s magnetization. By varying the time delay between the two pump pulses, the results show that the helicity effect, which gives rise to the deterministic helicity-induced switching, arises almost instantly within 200 fs close to the pulse width upon laser excitation. The results reveal that the transient magnetization state upon which CP laser pulses impinge is the key factor for achieving HD-AOS, and importantly, the tunability between heating and helicity effects with the unique dual-pump laser excitation approach will enable HD-AOS in a wide range of magnetic material systems having wide-ranging implications for potential ultrafast spintronics applications.
Graphical abstract
Analyzing WLCG File Transfer Errors Through Machine Learning
Authors: Clissa Luca , Lassnig Mario , Rinaldi Lorenzo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe increasingly growing scale of modern computing infrastructures solicits more ingenious and automatic solutions to their management. Our work focuses on file transfer failures within the Worldwide Large Hadron Collider Computing Grid and proposes a pipeline to support distributed data management operations by suggesting potential issues to investigate. Specifically, we adopt an unsupervised learning approach leveraging Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning tools to automatically parse error messages and group similar failures. The results are presented in the form of a summary table containing the most common textual patterns and time evolution charts. This approach has two main advantages. First, the joint elaboration of the error string and the transfer’s source/destination enables more informative and compact troubleshooting, as opposed to inspecting each site and checking unique messages separately. As a by-product, this also reduces the number of errors to check by some orders of magnitude (from unique error strings to unique categories or patterns). Second, the time evolution plots allow operators to immediately filter out secondary issues (e.g. transient or in resolution) and focus on the most serious problems first (e.g. escalating failures). As a preliminary assessment, we compare our results with the Global Grid User Support ticketing system, showing that most of our suggestions are indeed real issues (direct association), while being able to cover 89% of reported incidents (inverse relationship).
Effect of CO2 tax on energy use in oil production: waterflooding optimization under different emission costs
Authors: Angga I Gusti Agung Gede , Bellout Mathias , Kristoffersen Brage Strand , Bergmo Per Eirik Strand , Slotte Per Arne , Berg Carl Fredrik 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTackling emissions from hydrocarbon production is a necessity because hydrocarbon production will last for a prolonged time. As a popular hydrocarbon production method, waterflooding operation is energy-intensive and accounts for significant CO2 emissions. This article investigates the effect of CO2 tax level on recovery process of already producing fields with waterflooding. Our methodology is waterflooding optimization in reservoir simulation models, specifically optimizing well-controls. Unlike traditional studies, our optimization objective comprises two components: the profitability of hydrocarbon production and an additional tax proportional to CO2 emissions. The associated CO2 emissions is estimated using a scheme developed upon an integrated model of reservoir, surface network, and topside facility. We examine our methodology on two cases with heterogeneous reservoir models. In each case, we optimize multi-scenarios enforcing different CO2 tax rates. The solutions indicate that imposing a higher CO2 tax rate reduces both emissions and hydrocarbon production. The fractional reduction of oil produced is however smaller than the emission reduction. While an increased tax rate drives the topside equipment to operate at higher efficiencies, the main effects of a higher tax rate are reduced water injection and more efficient subsurface drainage. There is a non-linear relationship between the reduced production and emissions. For increasing tax levels there are diminishing returns on lower emissions, reflecting reduced opportunities for emission reduction by changes in the drainage strategy. Some increments on the tax rate will therefore have negligible impacts on the optimal drainage strategy, and hence an adverse effect on the profitability with negligible emission reduction.
Gripping adhesive principles in the design of effectors
Authors: Horák Marcel , Starý Michal , Matúšek Ondřej , Novotný František 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article presents a basic study of knowledge in the research and development of specific gripping elements based on the principle of adhesion. It summarizes the use of materials with a high degree of surface adhesion in the design of gripping elements usable in industry to provide stable gripping of objects during automatic manipulation. The principle of a combined element proposed by the authors, where the gripping force is derived through both vacuum and adhesion, is presented. The conditions of operation in an active or completely passive mode without the need to connect an energy source are discussed in detail. In the active mode, a significant increase in gripping forces is demonstrated compared to standard vacuum elements, which has a positive effect on the amounts of compressed air consumed and the level of grip safety in production processes. To ensure the optimal function of the adhesive gripping elements, the design of a specifically designed fluid position compensator and an active system for disturbing the adhesive gripping forces is presented. The functionality of the designed element is demonstrated through several laboratory tests under various conditions, and the results clearly confirm an increase in gripping forces in the axial and in particular the radial direction of the load. The research includes the design of a computer model of deformation-adhesive contact, respecting the time dependence of the deformation of the adhesive layer and the gradual loss of contact with the object.Article highlights:

Experimental study presents use of PU materials in adhesive and combined gripping elements.

Adhesive contact theory is applied for a numerical simulation and prepared computer model is subsequently verified.

Authors present new proprietary solution of gripping element applicable in industrial robotics.
Synthesis and characterization of novel molybdovanadophosphoric acid supported kaolin hybrid catalyst for Chromotrope 2R dye degradation in water
Authors: Patel Taral , Mayani Vishal J. , Mayani Suranjana V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present study provides a complete perspective of recyclable molybdovanadophosphoric acid immobilized on kaolin (MVPA/Kaolin), a hybrid material for catalytic degradation of the dye, Chromotrope 2R in water under mild reaction conditions. Novel MVPA/Kaolin was synthesized with an advanced impregnation method. The material was characterized with PXRD, FTIR, ICP-OES, SEM–EDX, TEM, TGA, surface area, porosity, and 31P NMR measurements. The material that can be classified as a Keggin type catalyst, could be used for hydrogen peroxide oxidation of aromatic azo (–N=N–) dyes with –OH and –SO3H functional groups. The degradation showed excellent conversion of 99.1% under optimum conditions of normal pressure and 60 °C temperature. Products like malonic acid and oxalic acid have been identified as the final products with GC–MS analysis. The present work has demonstrated the application of a simple and effective catalyst for degradation of azo dyes and the catalyst had the reusability capacity of up to six cycles without loss in performance.
Implications of a Twitter data-centred methodology for assessing commuters’ perceptions of the Delhi metro in India
Authors: Agrawal Apoorv , Kuriakose Paulose N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOwing to the onset of the new media age, the idea of e-public participation has proven to be a great complement to the limitations of the conventional public participation approach. In this respect, location-based social networks (LBSN) data can prove to be a game shift in this digital era to offer an insight into the commuter perception of service delivery. The paper aims to investigate the potential of using Twitter data to assess commuters’ perceptions of the Delhi metro, India, by presenting a comprehensive methodology for extracting, processing, and interpreting the data. The study extracts Twitter data from the official handle of the Delhi metro, performs semantic and sentiment analysis to comprehend commuters’ concerns and assesses commuters’ sentiments on the predicted concerns. The paper outlines that the current depth of Twitter data is more inclined to instantaneous responses to grievances encountered. Moreover, the analysis presents that for the data extraction period, the topics ‘Ride Safety’ and ‘Crowding’ have the lowest scores, while ‘Personnel Attitude’ and ‘Customer Interface’ have the highest scores. Further, the paper highlights insights gleaned from Twitter data in addition to the aspects included in the conventional satisfaction survey. The paper concludes by outlining the opportunities and limitations of LBSN analytics for effective public transportation decision-making in India.
Seismogenic Fault Reactivation in Western Central Africa: Insights From Regional Stress Analysis
Authors: Nkodia Hardy Medry Dieu‐Veill , Miyouna Timothée , Kolawole Folarin , Boudzoumou Florent , Loemba Alan Patrick Rodeck , Bazebizonza Tchiguina Nicy Carmel , Delvaux Damien 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe onshore continental margins of western Central Africa have been hosting potentially damaging earthquake events for decades; yet, the links between the seismicity, the contemporary stress field, and pre‐existing faults are not well understood. Here, we analyze the regional stress fields offshore and onshore along the coastal margin, and in the interior continental areas using earthquake focal mechanisms, map and characterize the detailed structure of preexisting fault systems in outcrops, and assess their reactivation potential. Our results show a switch from NNE‐SSW transpressive stress regime offshore and near the coastal margins, to NE‐SW compressive and transtensive stress regimes in the cratonic interior (Congo Basin and Kasai Block). We show that regional stresses acting on offshore oceanic fracture zones are compatible with those acting along the onshore areas of the continental margin. Field observations reveal the presence of large fault systems that deform both the Precambrian basement and Phanerozoic sedimentary sequences, with widespread calcite veining, quartz veining, and palygorskite mineralization (with evidence of post‐veining shear reactivation) along the fault zones. Along the margin, the preexisting NNE‐, NNW‐, and N‐S ‐trending strike‐slip faults and normal faults show a high slip tendency (>80%–100%), whereas in the continental interior, the NW‐ and N‐S ‐trending thrust faults are the most likely to reactivate. We argue that favorable orientation of the preexisting faults define the susceptibility of the faults to seismic reactivation. We propose that zones of higher stress magnitudes along distal offshore oceanic fracture zones extend further into the continent and may be driving stress loading on pre‐stressed, favorably oriented fault systems onshore, along the continental margin.
Biases in CMIP6 Historical U.S. Severe Convective Storm Environments Driven by Biases in Mean‐State Near‐Surface Moist Static Energy
Authors: Chavas Daniel R. , Li Funing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis work evaluates how well Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 models reproduce the climatology of North American severe convective storm (SCS) environments in ERA5 reanalysis and examines what drives biases across models. Biases in spring SCS environments vary widely in magnitude and spatial pattern, though most models do well in reproducing the climatological pattern and a few (MPI and CNRM) also reproduce the overall magnitude. SCS biases are driven by biases in extreme convective available potential energy. These biases are ultimately found to be driven by biases in mean‐state near‐surface moist static energy, indicating that the SCS environments depend strongly on the near‐surface mean state. Results are similar for fall, but not summer or winter when free‐tropospheric biases are also important. Biases differ strongly across parent models but weakly across child models of the same parent. These outcomes help identify models well‐suited for studying climate effects on SCS environments.
Future Changes in Eddy Kinetic Energy in the California Current System From Dynamically Downscaled Climate Projections
Authors: Cordero Quirós Nathalí , Jacox Michael G. , Pozo Buil Mercedes , Bograd Steven J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEddies in the California Current System (CCS) are generated via baroclinic instabilities of the upwelling jet and contribute to mesoscale variability. However, climate‐induced changes in mesoscale activity of the CCS remain poorly explored. We present future eddy kinetic energy (EKE) from an ensemble of three high‐resolution downscaled ocean projections covering 1980–2100. EKE is projected to increase throughout the CCS toward the end of the century (2071–2100) compared to a 1980–2010 reference period. Using measures of upper ocean stratification, we find an increasing EKE trend is highly correlated with a more stratified ocean. These findings support previous studies suggesting that mesoscale activity is modulated mainly by baroclinic instabilities, rather than changes in the wind components, which did not show a systematic change across the three projections. Enhanced eddy activity could lead to changes in the distribution and aggregation of biogenic material, having important implications for the CCS.
Multidecadal Variation in the Seasonal Predictability of Winter PNA and Its Sources
Authors: Yao Wangjie , Yan Xiaoqin , Tang Youmin , Yang Dejian , Tan Xiaoxiao , Song Xunshu , Liu Ting 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBased on reanalysis and ensemble hindcasts data, this work investigates the multidecadal variation in the seasonal predictability of the Pacific‐North American (PNA) teleconnection pattern during the winter and its sources. The results show that at the two ends of the 20th century, the PNA is mostly driven by the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and a good seasonal prediction of the PNA is expected if models can accurately predict the PNA‐ENSO relationship. During the middle 20th century, the PNA is not only driven by ENSO but also closely linked to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation through the air‐sea coupling process in the extratropical North Pacific. Improvements in the seasonal prediction of the PNA require models to accurately predict both the PNA‐ENSO relationship and the air‐sea coupling in the northern extratropical Pacific.
Improvement of the Aerosol Forecast and Analysis Over East Asia With Joint Assimilation of Two Geostationary Satellite Observations
Authors: Cheng Yueming , Dai Tie , Cao Junji , Chen Lin , Goto Daisuke , Yoshida Mayumi , Nakajima Teruyuki , Shi Guangyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHere we present the first simultaneous assimilation of aerosol optical thicknesses (AOTs) over East Asia retrieved from two next‐generation geostationary satellites named Fengyun‐4A (FY‐4A) and Himawari‐8 with an advanced data assimilation system. A new stringent data‐control method is proposed to assimilate only the high quality aerosol products of FY‐4A. The AOTs retrieved from the two geostationary satellites are both comparable to the ground‐based observations over East Asia, and the FY‐4A provides twice the number of the Himawari‐8 AOT retrievals. Validations with independent observations demonstrate the joint assimilation significantly improve the aerosol analysis and forecast skill over East Asia especially in South China, reducing the model biases of 70% and 40%. The aerosol model performances at 95% independent 61 ground‐based sites are more benefited from joint assimilation than single‐sensor assimilation. This demonstrates the high impact and innovative application of joint assimilation technique in the air quality modeling.
Potential Urban Barrier Effect to Alter Patterns of Cloud‐To‐Ground Lightning in Beijing Metropolis
Authors: Shi Tao , Yang Yuanjian , Zheng Zuofang , Tian Ye , Huang Yong , Lu Yanyu , Shi Chune , Liu Lei , Zi Yucheng , Wang Yongping , Wang Yu , Lu Gaopeng , Wang Gen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe urban barrier effect is one possible physical mechanism by which the urbanization alters the spatial distribution of cloud‐to‐ground (CG) lightning activity in a city. There is a gap in the preceding research on an urban barrier effect to alter patterns of CG lightning in Beijing, and the urban morphology does not receive enough attention as an important influencing factor. By combining lightning location data, ground meteorological data, and urban morphology datasets, we identify a possible urban barrier effect from the perspective of CG lightning in Beijing during 2010–2017. Analysis of one typical thunderstorm on 13 July 2017 revealed that the barrier effect might result in a bifurcation of low‐level airflow and splitting of the convergence line. A more important finding was the modulation of the barrier effect by the scale and density of the built‐up area, and the numerical simulation experiments further confirmed this potential association.
Hydraulic Conditions for Stick‐Slip Tremor Beneath an Alpine Glacier
Authors: Köpfli Manuela , Gräff Dominik , Lipovsky Bradley P. , Selvadurai Paul A. , Farinotti Daniel , Walter Fabian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that glacier basal motion can produce seismogenic stick‐slip events caused by frictional resistance at the ice‐bed interface. Frequent and subsequent failure of multiple stick‐slip patches may constitute sliding tremor in seismic recordings. We show that during stick‐slip tremor at the base of an Alpine glacier, the released seismic moment increases by an order of magnitude. The tremor emerges during melt‐intensive days and is associated with water pressure peaks in a nearby subglacial channel. We propose an extended slider‐block model that explains the regular occurrence of stick‐slip tremor by coupling seismically sliding patches to surrounding aseismically sliding bed regions. The model predicts that the stick‐slip patches control the movement of their surrounding smoothly sliding bed regions via elastic coupling and stress transfer. Thus, tremor producing stick‐slip patches could affect large‐scale ice flow to a degree, which is underestimated in models, with implications on sea level rise projections.
The Role of Wave Breaking in the Development and Subseasonal Forecasts of the February 2021 Great Plains Cold Air Outbreak
Authors: Millin Oliver T. , Furtado Jason C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe February 2021 cold air outbreak (CAO) was a high‐impact event in the South‐Central Plains of the United States. This study examines important precursors to the event that likely impacted its predictability in subseasonal forecasts. We use reanalysis to show that the CAO was facilitated by two distinct wave breaks—an East Siberian Sea anticyclonic wave break and a Labrador Sea cyclonic wave break. We also use European Center for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts and National Center for Environmental Prediction subseasonal‐to‐seasonal models to investigate the impact of the wave breaks on the forecast skill of the event at a ∼2–3 weeks lead time. Ensemble members successfully simulating these features produce more negative temperature anomalies across the Great Plains, corresponding to better positioning of anomalous ridging. These results demonstrate that successfully simulating persistent anticyclones can improve central US extreme cold forecasts at long leads.
The Occurrence of Embedded Region 1 and 2 Currents Depends on Geomagnetic Activity Level
Authors: Liu J. , Higuchi T. , Lyons L. R. , Ohtani S. , Wu J. , Zou Y. , Angelopoulos V. , Wang C.‐P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEmbedded Region 1 and 2 field‐aligned currents (FACs), intense FAC layers of mesoscale latitudinal width near the interface between large‐scale Region 1 and Region 2 FACs, are related to dramatic phenomena in the ionosphere such as discrete arcs, inverted‐V precipitation, and dawnside auroral polarization streams. These relationships suggest that the embedded FACs are potentially important for understanding ionospheric heating and magnetosphere‐ionosphere (M‐I) coupling and instabilities. Previous case studies of embedded FACs have led to the speculation that they may result from enhanced M‐I convection during active times. To explore this idea further, we investigate statistically their occurrence rates under a variety of geomagnetic conditions with a large event list constructed from 17 years of Defense Meteorological Satellite Program observations. The identification procedure is fully automated and explicit. The statistical results indicate that embedded Region 1 and 2 FACs are common, and that they have a higher chance to occur when the level of geomagnetic activity is higher (given by various indices), supporting the idea that they result from enhanced M‐I convection.