bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypertension continuum of care: Blood pressure screening, diagnosis, treatment, and control in a population‐based cohort in Haiti
Authors: Metz Miranda , Pierre Jean Lookens , Yan Lily Du , Rouzier Vanessa , St‐Preux Stephano , Exantus Serfine , Preval Fabyola , Roberts Nicholas , Tymejczyk Olga , Malebranche Rodolphe , Deschamps Marie Marcelle , Pape Jean W. , McNairy Margaret L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death in low‐income countries including Haiti, with hypertension (HTN) being the leading risk factor. This study aims to identify gaps in the HTN continuum of screening, diagnosis, treatment, and blood pressure (BP) control. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from a population‐based sample of adults ≥18 years in Port‐au‐Prince (PAP) from March 2019 to April 2021. HTN was defined as systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg, or use of antihypertensive medication. Screening was defined as ever having had a BP measurement; diagnosis as previously being informed of a HTN diagnosis; treatment as having taken antihypertensives in the past 2 weeks; and controlled as taking antihypertensives and having BP < 140/90 mmHg. Factors associated with attaining each step in the continuum were assessed using Poisson multivariable regressions. Among 2737 participants, 810 (29% age‐standardized) had HTN, of whom 97% had been screened, 72% diagnosed, 45% treated, and 13% controlled. There were no significant differences across age groups or sex. Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) was a significant factor associated with receiving treatment compared to normal weight (BMI < 25), with a prevalence ratio (PR) of 1.5 (95% CI 1.1–2.0). Having secondary or higher education was associated with higher likelihood of controlled BP (PR 1.9 [95% CI 1.1–3.3]). In this urban Haitian population, the greatest gaps in HTN care are treatment and control. Targeted interventions are needed to improve these steps, including broader access to affordable treatment, timely distribution of medications, and patient adherence to HTN medication.
Detection of apple varieties by near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy coupled with SPSO‐PFCM
Authors: Xu Qinyu , Wu Xiaohong , Wu Bin , Zhou Haoxiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo accurately identify apple varieties on the assembly line and to improve the development of the apple quality detection, we proposed a possibilistic fuzzy c‐means (PFCM) algorithm based on similar particle swarm optimization (SPSO) for classifying near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIR) spectra. We took the objective function of PFCM as the fitness function of SPSO (SPSO‐PFCM), which reduced the dependence on fuzzy c‐means algorithm (FCM). The similarity between particles maintained the diversity of particles and then avoided premature convergence of particle swarm optimization (PSO). In the experiment, we classified four kinds of apples. SPSO‐PFCM was utilized to develop the classification model for the NIR spectra of apples. The results showed that SPSO‐PFCM had the highest clustering accuracy, which reached 96%. We also used two datasets to verify the algorithm, and the results proved that SPSO‐PFCM had the highest accuracy. Therefore, SPSO‐PFCM combined with NIR was an effective method to identify apple varieties.Practical ApplicationsDifferent kinds of apples have various nutritional components and prices. Based on this, to identify apple varieties faster, correctly and nondestructively, SPSO‐PFCM and NIR reflectance spectroscopy were used to build a powerful classification model. The experimental results showed that compared with the other four algorithms, SPSO‐PFCM has apparent advantages. A novel method for apple classification of apple varieties using SPSO‐PFCM and NIR spectroscopy was introduced in this paper. With this method, the factory can classify apples quickly and accurately.
Effect of combined compression‐vibration therapy using non‐invasive Beautylizer Therapy Cosmospheres V on the subcutaneous tissue morphology in women with gynoid lipodystrophy (pilot study)
Authors: Pervykh Svetlana , Bychkova Natalya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundGynoid lipodystrophy is one of the most common cosmetical problems in women.AimsThe study aims to examine the pathomorphology and histology of subcutaneous tissue in women with gynoid lipodystrophy exposed to local compression/vibration therapy using a non‐invasive Beautylizer Therapy Cosmospheres V medical device.MethodsThe study enrolled 25 virtually healthy women aged 25–45 years with gynoid lipodystrophy grades I and II. The women included in the study completed a 10‐session month‐long therapeutic course with a non‐invasive Beautylizer Therapy Cosmospheres V medical device. Bioptic punch‐size samples were taken from the gluteal region prior to and following the 10‐session therapy course with the device.ResultsAfter completing a 10‐session treatment course, a decrease in the mean adipocyte area from 123.08 ± 13.60 μm to 67.14 ± 4.20 μm was observed in punch bioptic samples of subcutaneous fat tissues of women with gynoid lipodystrophy as compared with the pre‐treatment indices.ConclusionThus, local application of 10‐session therapy with a non‐invasive Beautylizer Therapy Cosmospheres V medical device in women with gynoid lipodystrophy demonstrated a positive effect on the histological structure of the hypodermis.
Back to the Basics: A COVID‐19 Surveillance Program Within a Local School District
Authors: Ganesh Prakash R. , May Ross , Dandurand Mitch , Graham Jeffrey , Rose Johnie , Gullett Heidi , Covell Dave , Stange Kurt C. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDA school district in Northern Ohio implemented a COVID‐19 surveillance program from January 4 to May 21, 2021, as in‐person school and extracurricular activities resumed.METHODSAmong 560 staff members and >6300 students, random weekly testing was performed on 563 students and weekly for 204 students participating in extracurricular activities, and 553 staff.RESULTSCases of COVID‐19 were identified among 26 staff members and 23 students. Most of those infected were participating in extracurricular activities (14/23) and in the age range of 14‐18. Percent positivity was low (range 0.2‐2.4%) throughout the school surveillance program despite significant changes in positivity rate (2.8‐19.8%).CONCLUSIONThis demonstrates that in a setting employing basic yet consistent mitigation strategies, there is low transmission among young children and adolescents as they return to in‐person classes and activities. Maintaining layered prevention strategies implemented and sustained with fidelity can substantially limit transmission within schools.
Implementation and analysis of an enhanced screening and testing protocol for prediabetes in a dental school patient population
Authors: MacNeil Roderick L. (Monty) , Hilario Helena , Gordon Sharon M. , Degollado Carlos , Malmrose Michael , Lepowsky Steven M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis project aimed to enhance the identification of patients at‐risk for prediabetes or diabetes within a dental school patient population by introduction of a modified screening tool and related training of dental residents and students.MethodsThe American Diabetes Association Risk Tool (ADART) was modified by addition of three diabetes‐linked oral health questions. Of the 1477 dental patients screened, 551 (37.3%) indicated an at‐risk status using the modified tool. A subset of 138 patients received follow‐up chairside HbA1c blood testing conducted by dental residents and students. Data was analysed to determine a) the influence of the modifications on the tool's discrimination strength and b) change in the tool's predictive value.ResultsThe addition of the 3 oral health questions to the 7‐item ADART resulted in a 9.4% increase in identification of patients at‐risk for pre‐diabetes/diabetes. The predictive value of the tool remained stable. Residents and students successfully incorporated the new screening activities within their assigned clinics.ConclusionsThis project demonstrates that screening for risk for prediabetes/diabetes is both prudent and practical in the dental setting. Dental personnel, including trainees, can successfully incorporate enhanced screening methods within their traditional activities. Further, screening tools used in the dental setting might be enhanced by inclusion of certain oral health variables associated with diabetes. These findings add to emerging knowledge on the importance of screening for prediabetes/diabetes in dental settings and have particular relevance and application to institutional practice.
COVID‐19: Evolving challenges and opportunities for residential and vocational intellectual disability service providers
Authors: Trip Henrietta , Northway Ruth , Perkins Elizabeth , Mirfin‐Veitch Brigit , Adams Reece 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe sustainability of service provision continues to be a challenge in the field of intellectual disability due to changes in delivery as part of intermittent or ongoing lockdown requirements during the COVID‐19 global pandemic. There are many facets to this that may have temporary or permanent impacts not only on the sector, but ultimately for service access and outcomes for people with intellectual disability themselves. This narrative literature review identifies both opportunities for, and impacts on, service providers across jurisdictions. These are explored in terms of the effects that suspension, adaptation, continuity or the cessation of service delivery have had, and those that are projected. Such impacts include, but are not limited to, changes in service access and delivery, employment roles and responsibilities, financial sustainability and the need to diversify the services and supports provided and how they are delivered. The relevance of these impacts for family carers and people with intellectual disability is also discussed. Nonetheless, there have also been opportunities which inform the shape of service delivery and pandemic planning into the future.
Occurrence and clinical management of urethral obstruction in male cats under primary veterinary care in the United Kingdom in 2016
Authors: Beeston Dave , Humm Karen , Church David B. , Brodbelt David , O'Neill Dan Gerard 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundUrethral obstruction (UO) has a negative effect on welfare of cats.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine incidence, case management, and outcomes of UO in cats in primary‐care practice in the United Kingdom.AnimalsAll male cats under veterinary care within the VetCompass database in 2016.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed. The electronic records of all male cats with a clinical note during the study period were searched for UO cases and were manually reviewed for inclusion. Additional demographic and clinical information were extracted on cases.ResultsFrom the study cohort of 237 825 male cats, there were 1293 incident cases. The estimated UO incidence risk during 2016 was 0.54 (95% CI: 0.51‐0.57). Demographic and clinical data were available for 1108 cases. Antibiotics were administered to 641/1108 (57.9%) cases. Overall repeat catheterization rate was 253/854 (29.6%). Repeat catheterization at 48 hours was less frequent in patients with indwelling catheters (10.1%) vs those that had a catheter placed and then immediately removed (14.8%;P = .04). Death during a UO episode was 329/1108 (29.6%), and 285/329 (88.0%) deaths involved euthanasia.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAntibiotics were commonly prescribed in cats for treatment of UO despite minimal evidence in the clinical records of bacterial cystitis. Repeat catheterization was common and case fatality rate during a UO episode was high. Repeat catheterization within 48 hours of elective removal of a urethral catheter was less common in cats that had previously had indwelling catheters. The majority of cats requiring repeat catheterization survived until the end of the study.
The Legacy of Origen in Gregory of Nyssa’s Theology of Freedom
Authors: Ramelli Ilaria L. E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis essay will argue that what I call Gregory of Nyssa’s ‘theology of freedom’ (which gave rise, among other things, to his powerful theological arguments against slavery and social injustice) is grounded in Origen’s own theology of freedom. I will first introduce the uniqueness of Gregory’s arguments against slavery and social injustice, and their theological bases, pointing out how these, more broadly, are part and parcel of Gregory’s theology of freedom. I shall then investigate briefly Origen’s own all‐important theology of freedom—how freedom is at the centre of Origen’s Trinitarian theology, cosmology, and anthropology. Finally, I shall trace Gregory’s theology of freedom and his arguments against slavery and socio‐economic injustice back to Origen's influence. Indeed, the main reason why Gregory was able to develop such a theology of freedom and use it against slavery and social iniquity is, I will argue, due to his commitment to the Origenian theology of freedom.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis—An update and rare case presentation
Authors: Thind Taranbir , Dungarwalla Mohammed , Newman Laurence 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare condition caused by the abnormal proliferation of a type of dendritic cell of the immune system (Langerhans cells). Accumulation of the cells can take place in one or multiple organs of the body and results in localised tissue destruction. The most commonly affected site is the bones and 50% of these cases present in facial bones, meaning an awareness of the condition by dental specialists is important. Although debated, LCH is currently categorised as a cancerous process that is treated in some cases with chemotherapy. Its first mention in medical literature was in the mid‐1800s but it was not recognised as LCH until 1973. Here we present a case of LCH presenting in the mandibular condyle of a 27‐year‐old female with symptoms commonly associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Failing to respond to simple conservative measures by her general dental practitioner, the patient was referred to her local oral and maxillofacial surgery unit for further management. Complicated by a pathological fracture of the mandible, the diagnosis of LCH required a multi‐disciplinary approach to management and subsequent surgical resection of the lesion and reconstruction with a costochondral rib graft.
Neutralized, enhanced, tokenistic: The influence of formal employment of service‐users on processes of co‐production
Authors: Chauhan Trishna , Croft Charlotte , Spyridonidis Dimitrios 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCan formally employing service‐users in co‐production roles redress the problematic power imbalances inhibiting co‐production in the public sector? In this paper, we analyze service‐users formally employed in co‐production roles. Through semi‐structured interviews, we illustrate how actors use their voice, experience, and identity to respond to different power imbalances. First, through the process of “inverting professionalism” structural limitations resulted in neutralized co‐production. Second, through the process of “embedding expertise” formally employed service‐users challenged collective expectations of their role and meditated power imbalances, resulting in enhanced co‐production. Finally, through the process of “perpetuating rejection” a new exacerbated power imbalance emerged when their employment became a negative resource, resulting in tokenistic co‐production. We extend understandings of how formally employing service‐users has potential to redress power imbalances. However, we caution against policy taking this for granted and argue that more consideration of the influence of different forms of power is needed.
The distribution of conflict and attention across energy infrastructure
Authors: You Jongeun , Heikkila Tanya , Weible Christopher M. , Kim Serena , Park Kyudong , Yordy Jill , Smolinski Sharon L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAcross the world, public administration and policy decisions are related to diverse levels of conflict and attention. However, the degree and variance of conflict and attention remain largely unspecified. This article examines how types of energy infrastructure and characteristics of project location are associated with the distribution of conflict and attention around the energy infrastructure siting process. Our empirical focus is on gas pipelines, electricity transmission lines, solar power projects, and wind power projects across the United States in 2018. Primarily relying on regression analysis and interviews, this article finds differences in the distribution of conflict and attention intensity within and between these energy infrastructure types, with gas pipelines and wind power projects presenting relatively higher conflict and attention intensities. However, conflict and attention are skewed to low intensities across infrastructure types. Characteristics of project locations that are positively associated with high conflict and attention intensity include the proportion of Democratic voters and the level of urbanization in the places where projects are sited. In contrast, the proportion of Black or Hispanic residents is negatively associated with high conflict and attention intensity.
The Effect of Pronatalist Rhetoric on Women's Fertility Preferences in Turkey
Authors: Dildar Yasemin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper analyzes the impact of pronatalist rhetoric on women's fertility preferences in Turkey using a mixed‐methods approach. Since 2008, Prime Minister (and since 2014 President) Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has given speeches about the necessity of increasing fertility and has demanded at least three children from families. This call was supported by monetary incentives in 2015. I analyze the impact of the rhetoric on women's fertility preferences between 2008 and 2013. In the first part of the paper, I use qualitative data I collected through in‐depth interviews in 2013 to show a relationship between women's political orientation and their acceptance of the rhetoric. Then, using quantitative data from the 2008 and 2013 rounds of the Turkey Demographic and Health Surveys, I analyze whether the pronatalist rhetoric had an independent effect on increasing fertility preferences. An individual‐level religiosity variable is used as a proxy to account for women's responsiveness to the rhetoric. I find that religiosity was positively related to women's desire to have a third child in both 2008 and 2013, but it was statistically significant only in 2013 after the rhetoric had been widely circulated in the media.
Cytogenetics to functional genomics: six decades journey of Professor P.K. Gupta
Authors: Kulwal Pawan L. , Mir Reyazul Rouf , Varshney Rajeev K. 
Published: February 2022

SummaryWe had the fortune of starting our scientific/research careers in the Molecular Biology and Crop Biotechnology Laboratory of Professor P.K. Gupta at Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP, India. Here, we describe the most important scientific contributions of our beloved mentor in the area of cytotaxonomy, cytogenetics, mutation breeding, quantitative genetics, molecular biology, crop biotechnology and plant genomics, on his 85th birthday. Important contributions made in the development and use of genomics resources including the development and use of different kinds of molecular markers, genetic and physical mapping, quantitative trait locus (QTL) interval mapping, genome‐wide association mapping and molecular breeding including marker‐assisted selection have been briefly summarized. Efforts have been also made to give readers a glimpse of important contributions in the study of cytology/apomixis of grasses, cytotaxonomic studies in asteraceae/fabaceae, nuclear/repetitive DNA content in Lolium, interspecific/intergeneric relationships involving the genus Hordeum and re‐examining taxonomy of the tribe Triticeae.
Classification of pediatric headache cases referred to a neurology department
Authors: Kanamori Keita , Miyama Sahoko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundHeadaches are very common in children. The patients often have mild symptoms, but on occasion may have severe, secondary headaches. The present study aimed to clarify the details of children with headaches seen at the outpatient clinic of a pediatric neurological department.MethodsThe present, retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Japan and enrolled children referred to the neurology department outpatient clinic for headache between April 2018 and March 2021.ResultsIn total, 113 cases of headache were examined; of these, 99 (87.6%) were primary headaches, one case (0.9%) was a secondary headache, and 13 (11.5%) were unclassified or unspecified. There were 46 cases (40.7%) of tension‐type headache (TTH), both confirmed and suspected, 30 cases (26.5%) of migraine, and 23 cases (20.4%) of a combination of the TTH and migraine. One case of secondary headache was attributed to an infection. Arachnoid cysts were found in seven patients (7.8%). Acute drug treatments were administered to 93 patients (82.3%), with acetaminophen being the most common drug, followed by ibuprofen. Prophylactic drug treatments were administered to 39 patients (34.5%), with goreisan (a Chinese herbal medicine containing Alisma orientale, Poria cocos, Polyporus umbellatus, Atractylodes lancea, and Cinnamomum cassia) being the most common (41%).ConclusionsFew cases of secondary headache and none of emergency headache were diagnosed. The prevalence of arachnoid cysts was higher than in the general pediatric population, suggesting that arachnoid cysts might be associated with headache.
A holistic health determinants model for public health nursing education and practice
Authors: Schoon Patricia M. , Krumwiede Kelly 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBaccalaureate nursing graduates (BSNs) in the 21st century need to be prepared to manage the population health needs of diverse populations across the lifespan and take actions to improve health equity. A need for a Holistic Health Determinants Model that included the Social Determinants of Health was identified. A model incorporating the Healthy People 2020 Health Determinants Model and the Healthy People 2030 Social Determinants of Health Model was developed. Two theoretical approaches provided a foundation for the model. Social ecological theory stresses the lived experience in an ever‐changing environment from the micro to the macro biological, behavioral, social and physical environmental levels. Public health intersectionality added the construct of constant interactions among the health determinants that resulted in different levels of health status among individuals and groups. This Holistic Health Determinants Model is a tool to use in teaching nursing students how to address the needs of individuals/families, diverse populations, and communities. It also facilitates integration of the new AACN Population Health Competencies across the curriculum. The model facilitates the preparation of BSN graduates to address the factors that shape health status and to take actions to improve health equity.