bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apporter une réponse pédagogique pluridisciplinaire à un enjeu sociétal : le Programme d’accueil pour les étudiants réfugiés, à l’École des Ponts ParisTech
Authors: Courchinoux Sandrine , Salengros-Iguenane Isabelle , Le Dolédec Léna 
Published: June 2022

L’École des Ponts ParisTech a conçu le programme d’accueil pour étudiants réfugiés (PER), dont l’objectif est d’accompagner dans le développement des compétences pour construire un projet de professionnalisation ou de reprise d’études supérieures. Ce dispositif se veut une réponse pédagogique pluridisciplinaire à l’enjeu sociétal que représentent l’accueil et l’inclusion d’étudiants en exil.Cet article présente le PER et ses points d’appui théoriques : ingénierie de la formation, accompagnement personnalisé par une équipe dédiée et pluridisciplinaire. Nous analysons le dispositif et ses facteurs d’émergence. Les enquêtes menées montrent que le PER semble avoir un certain impact à l’échelle sociétale et nous en analysons les leviers dans une perspective de transférabilité à d’autres établissements de l’enseignement supérieur.
L’évolution de la politique familiale en Russie
Authors: Russkikh Svetlana 
Published: June 2022

Cet article propose une analyse de l’évolution de la politique familiale russe depuis la dissolution de l’URSS jusqu’à nos jours. À la chute de l’URSS, la limite des ressources du pays amène le gouvernement à passer d’une politique familiale universelle à une politique ciblant les familles vulnérables. Dans les années 2000, en pleine crise démographique, l’État incite les femmes à suivre une norme reproductive (avoir au moins deux enfants) par le biais d’allocations attribuées en fonction du nombre d’enfants. Puis, le gouvernement étend sa norme aux relations entre les membres de la famille et s’engage dans les années 2010 dans une campagne valorisant un modèle familial (couple hétérosexuel marié avec trois enfants) explicitement qualifié de « traditionnel ». À partir de l’exemple de la Russie, cette analyse tend vers une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes sociologiques pouvant influencer l’évolution des politiques familiales.
Des sources nouvellement accessibles pour comprendre la politique du Président Mitterrand et l’action de la diplomatie française en Yougoslavie
Authors: Raskin Lucie 
Published: June 2022

Cette note fait état d’une expérience de recherche historique au sujet de la politique française menée en Yougoslavie entre 1988 et 1992. Afin de comprendre comment François Mitterrand, entouré par les agents du Quai d’Orsay et les personnels de l’Élysée, a conçu et mené cette politique, de nombreuses archives publiques et privées jusqu’alors inétudiées ont pu être consultées. Ces nombreuses sources écrites et orales, dont la quantité est inégale selon les périodes, ont été majoritairement produites dans le contexte du conflit dans l’ex-Yougoslavie. Elles présentent des conditions d’accessibilité contraintes, avec des archives publiques consultables par dérogation. Quelles sont les conséquences de ces caractéristiques sur le travail du chercheur ? Quels usages peut-on avoir de ces sources ? Comment la méthodologie de recherche a-t-elle été adaptée aux sources rencontrées ?
A cryptic species of Ensis (Bivalvia: Pharidae) from the southeastern Pacific coast revealed by geometric morphometric methods
Authors: Signorelli Javier H. , Trovant Berenice , Márquez Federico 
Published: June 2022

A new cryptic species of Ensis from the Pacific coast of South America based on geometric morphometrics is revealed. Ensis macha (Molina, 1782) is one of the most important shellfish resources in South America. It was historically reported from San Matías Gulf, Argentina in the Atlantic Ocean to the Peruvian coast in the Pacific. A recent study analysed the intraspecific variation of this species along its distribution range and the genetic results indicated the presence of cryptic diversity. Two evolutionary clades were found: a southern clade (from cold-temperate waters) and a northern clade (from warm-temperate waters). New results based on geometric morphometrics supported the description of Ensis loboi n. sp. for the northern clade. The southern clade retains the name due to type locality of E. macha in Chiloé, Chile. The description of Ensis loboi n. sp. for the southeastern Pacific Ocean has important implications for future studies focused on fisheries management and biogeographical radiation of the group.
Effect of cytochrome P450 inhibition on toxicity of diclofenac in chickens: Unravelling toxicity in Gyps vultures
Authors: Locke Sara , Naidoo Vinny , Hassan Ibrahim , Duncan Neil 
Published: June 2022

Diclofenac was responsible for the decimation of Gyps vulture species on the Indian subcontinent during the 1980s and 1990s. Gyps vultures are extremely sensitive (the lethal dose 50 [LD50] ~ 0.1 mg/kg – 0.2 mg/kg), with toxicity appearing to be linked to metabolic deficiency, demonstrated by the long T1/2 (~12 h – 17 h). This is in striking comparison to the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus), in which the LD50 is ~10 mg/kg and the T1/2 is ~1 h. The phase 1 cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C subfamily has been cited as a possible reason for metabolic deficiency. The aim of this study was to determine if CYP2C9 homolog pharmacogenomic differences amongst avian species is driving diclofenac toxicity in Gyps vultures. We exposed each of 10 CYP-inhibited test group chickens to a unique dose of diclofenac (as per the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] toxicity testing guidelines) and compared the toxicity and pharmacokinetic results to control group birds that received no CYP inhibitor. Although no differences were noted in the LD50 values for each group (11.92 mg/kg in the CYP-inhibited test group and 11.58 mg/kg in the control group), the pharmacokinetic profile of the test group was suggestive of partial inhibition of CYP metabolism. Evaluation of the metabolite peaks produced also suggested partial metabolic inhibition in test group birds, as they produced lower amounts of metabolites for one of the three peaks demonstrated and had higher diclofenac exposure. This pilot study supports the hypothesis that CYP metabolism is varied amongst bird species and may explain the higher resilience to diclofenac in the chicken versus vultures.
Risk factors and consequences of conversion in minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy
Authors: Jiang Zhiyu , Pan Long , Chen Mingyu , Zhang Bin , Sarun Juengpanich , Fan Sandra , Cai Xiujun 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Although recent studies have reported potential benefits of laparoscopic approach in distal pancreatectomy, reports of conversion during minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) were limited.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study using data from Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital around May 2013 to December 2018. Outcomes of patients who had conversions during MIDP were compared with patients with successful MIDP and with patients undergoing open distal pancreatectomy (ODP).

Results:
Two-hundred and eighty-three cases were included in this study: 225 (79.5%) had MIDP, 30 (10.6%) had conversions and 28 (9.9%) had outpatient department. The risk factors for conversion included large lesion size (heart rates [HR]: 5.632, 95% confidencevinterval [CI]: 1.036–1.450, P = 0.018) and pancreatic cancer (HR: 6.957, 95% CI: 1.359–8.022, P = 0.009). Compared with MIDP, those who required conversion were associated with longer operations (P = 0.003), higher blood loss (P < 0.001) and more severe of the complications (P < 0.001). However, no statistically significant differences were found between the conversion group and ODP.

Conclusions:
Large lesion size and pancreatic cancer were reported to be independent risk factors for conversion during MIDP. As for post-operative outcomes, the outcomes of successfully MIDP were better than those for conversion. However, conversion did not lead to worsening outcomes when compared with ODP.
Laparoscopic definitive surgery for choledochal cyst is performed safely and effectively in infants
Authors: Tainaka Takahisa , Shirota Chiyoe , Sumida Wataru , Yokota Kazuki , Makita Satoshi , Amano Hizuru , Okamoto Masamune , Takimoto Aitaro , Kano Yoko , Yasui Akihiro , Nakagawa Yoichi , Hinoki Akinari , Uchida Hiroo 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Laparoscopic definitive surgery for choledochal cyst (CC) in infants requires advanced skills because of their small size. If patients with a prenatal diagnosis of CC have any biliary symptoms, they need semi-emergency definitive surgery. This study aimed to estimate whether laparoscopic definitive surgery for CC can be performed safely and effectively in infants, especially when emergency surgery is required.

Patients and Methods:
From January 2006 to December 2019, 21 patients under 1 year of age underwent laparoscopically or open definitive surgery, and 16 patients aged 3–5 years underwent laparoscopic surgery for CC at our institution. In cases of prenatal diagnosis, elective surgery (EL) was performed at about 6 months of age for patients with no biliary symptoms; the semi-emergency surgery (EM) was performed when patients had any biliary symptoms. Surgical outcomes were retrospectively compared between the Lap <1 y and Op <1 y groups and between the Lap <1 y and Lap 3–5 y groups. In addition, the surgical outcomes of those who underwent EM were also evaluated.

Results:
Operative time was significantly longer, and blood loss was significantly lower in the Lap <1 y group than in the Op <1 y group. All surgical outcomes were similar between the Lap <1 y and Lap 3–5 y groups and between the EM and EL groups.

Conclusion:
Laparoscopic definitive surgery for CC in infants under 1 year of age is safe and feasible. Even semi-emergency laparoscopic surgery can be performed safely and effectively in small infants.
Assessment of online teaching–learning during coronavirus disease-19 pandemic
Authors: Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh , Shrivastava Saurabh R. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
During the corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, most of the medical schools across the world has started to transfer the curriculum from face-to-face to online delivery using various virtual platforms for undergraduate teaching without any uniformity. It is imperative to understand the students' outlook about the current online teaching in order to make it more effective. This study was planned to gain an insight into the medical students' perspective toward online teaching–learning program and the challenges faced by them toward the same.

Materials and Methods:
It was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted for 3 months at a medical college in Chengalpet district, Tamil Nadu, among 351 medical students across all professional years. The Google form platform was used to administer a semi-structured questionnaire to all the participants to obtain information related to various parameters of online teaching-learning. The statistical analysis was done using frequency and percentages.

Results:
A total of 351 students participated in this study, including 134 males and 217 females. Almost 318 (90.6%) perceived that online classes were able to cover academic portion amidst COVID-19 pandemic. The most common challenges found were network related issues, lack of practical sessions, including dissection and lack of exposure to clinical cases cited by 181 (90%), 77 (38.3%) and 72 (35.8%) participants, respectively.

Conclusions:
The study reveals the perspectives of medical students on online teaching–learning sessions and identifies important challenges pertaining to it. However, the positive overall experience by the students provides confidence to the medical education fraternity in the entire process of online teaching and learning amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.
Health-related quality of life of the geriatric population living in rural areas of West Tripura district of India
Authors: Debnath Arpita , Bhattacharjya Himadri , Pal Partha Sarathi 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Growing life expectancy is challenging the quality of health care for elderly. Information regarding health-related quality of life (QOL) may help policy makers to design need-based health programs for this population.

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to estimate health-related QOL of the geriatric population living in rural areas of West Tripura district and to compare it between ethnic and nonethnic populations in respect to important domains.

Materials and Methods:
This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted during February 1, 2019–March 31, 2020 among 225 geriatric subjects of rural West Tripura district chosen by multistage sampling. The World Health Organization's QOL–BREF scale was used for data collection.

Results:
Among the study population, 46.2% had overall good health-related QOL. About 52.9% had good QOL in the environment, and 37.3% had good QOL in social relationship domains. Marginally higher proportion of the subjects from ethnic origin had better QOL than the nonethnic, but it was not significant. A higher proportion of the Muslim subjects had better QOL than the rest, but it was also not significant. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations of QOL with age, sex, literacy, financial condition, socioeconomic status, and type of family. Multivariate analysis identified male sex, younger age, and living with spouse as significant predictors of good QOL.

Conclusion:
Overall health-related QOL of the geriatric people living in rural areas of West Tripura district is poor, but younger male subjects of ethnic origin and living with spouse may enjoy relatively better QOL.
Correlation between antral follicle count and anti-Mullerian hormone in infertile Indian women
Authors: Jain Shivi , Shukla Ram Chandra , Jain Madhu , Singh Usha , Singh Tej Bali 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Antral follicle count (AFC) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) have been used as indicators of ovarian reserve in infertile women. There still exists a debate about the association between the two parameters.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to find out the relationship between AFC and AMH in infertile women.

Methods:
This was a prospective, hospital-based, cross-sectional study, in which 1083 infertile women (aged 20–40 years) with primary infertility were included. They were divided into four age groups, i.e., Group I (20–24 years), Group II (25–29 years), Group III (30–34 years), and Group IV (35–40 years). AMH and AFC were measured on 3rd day of menstrual cycle. Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis were done to find out the relationship between age, AFC, and AMH. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
There was modest negative correlation of AFC with age (r = −0.476,P< 0.001). AMH showed strong negative correlation with age (r = −0.844,P< 0.001) and modest positive correlation with AFC (r = 0.400,P< 0.001). For separate age groups also, statistically significant correlations (P < 0.05–P < 0.001) were noted between age, AFC, and AMH. Age explained 22.7% variation in AFC and 71.2% variation in AMH.

Conclusion:
There was a significant correlation between AMH and AFC in infertile women. AFC showed a continuous decline with increasing age. However, AMH increased with age till third decade of life and showed negative correlation with AFC. Thereafter, AMH started decreasing with age and showed positive correlation with AFC.
Risk factors associated with complicated alcohol withdrawal syndrome
Authors: Banyal Navdeep , Dhillon Harpreet Singh , Sasidharan Shibu 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a frequent presentation in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome. Complicated alcohol withdrawal state (i.e., delirium and/or convulsions) is the most severe form with significant morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Therefore, it is imperative to identify the risk factors associated with complicated AWS for early diagnosis and swift management.

Materials and Methods:
This study utilized a cross sectional design in a tertiary care center on 60 patients to identify the risk factors associated with complicated alcohol withdrawal. The data collected were subsequently subjected to statistical analysis with appropriate tests (Pearson Chi-square test, t-test).

Results:
Out of the 60 patients, 30 developed complicated AWS. Amongst the demographic variables, patients with education <10th standard, unemployment and history of delirium tremens were found to be significant predictors of complicated AWS. Patients with complicated AWS consumed higher mean ± standard deviation (19.33 ± 1.77 vs. 11.87 ± 1.17) units of alcohol per day (P < 0.001). The duration of alcohol withdrawal lasted for 7.13 ± 4.17 days in complicated AWS compared to 5.23 ± 2.70 days in uncomplicated (P = 0.041). Tacycardia (P = 0.001), respiratory rate (P = 0.001), low platelet count (P < 0.001) and higher Erythrocyte sedimentaion rate (P < 0.001) were also found to be significant predictors of complicated AWS. Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase GGT values were higher in complicated AWS but the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
This study found lower education, unemployment, history of delirium tremens, higher units of alcohol consumed per day, tacycardia, higher respiratory rate, lower platelet count and higher erythrocyte sedimentaion rate as significant predictors of complicated AWS.
Estrategia didáctica para fortalecer la inclusión de los niños con autismo del Centro de Educación Inicial Agripina Murillo de Guillem Del Cantón Portoviejo en el año 2021
Authors: Cevallos García Gabriela Lucía , Fernandéz Fernandéz Iliana María 
Published: June 2022

El trabajo aborda los resultados de un estudio realizado sobre la inclusión educativa en la población de niños autistas con el objetivo de determinar la incidencia que tiene una estrategia didáctica que contempla un sistema de acciones basadas en el diseño universal de apredizaje en el proceso de inclusión de los niños con autismo en el Centro de Educación Inicial Agripina Murillo de Guillem, Cantón Portoviejo. El estudio es de corte cualitativo, para la recolección de información se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada, la observación y el cuestionario. Los principales resultados evidencian que las acciones modeladas cotribuyeron de forma satisfactoria en la adaptación de los niños en las clases, la atención y motivación por los contenidos de las asignaturas y el desarrollo de las habilidades comunicativas. Por parte de las educadoras se logró mayor integración en las actividades, en la comprensión del mundo interior de los niños, evidenciandose de forma general cambios positivos en la interacción social.
A Systematic Review on Intelligent Transport Systems
Authors: Garg Tanya , Kaur Gurjinder 
Published: June 2022

Transportation is very important issue in everyone’s life as the things need to be carried from one place to another. It plays vital role to transport various health equipment’s, groceries and daily needs of the people from outside and inside the country. The intelligent transport system is actually a system that uses the digital technologies to smoothen the transport system helping them to overcome the issue of accidents, reduce the pollution, reduces the traffic congestion on roads and helps them in delivering the services timely. Many researchers integrated various Virtual technologies to propose the best Intelligent Transport System. In this work, the existing work on the Intelligent Transport System done in last twenty years has been analyzed to address various issues and problems in the existing ITS models. The security aspects has also been addressed along with the various vulnerabilities and solutions to protect ITS. We provided a comprehensive study of existing literature on Intelligent Transport System, their highlights, merits and demerits. The research papers focused on Intelligent Transport System has been analyzed and at last out of 80 research papers best 70 were included in this work for the study of ITS. The objectives of this study are to provide insights to the beginners of this research area and to analyze the existing solutions aiming to provide the Intelligent Transport System. The future research directions have also been proposed in this work.

Received: 11 May 2022 | Revised: 6 June 2022 | Accepted: 13 June 2022

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Çocuk Sevme Durumları ile İletişim Becerileri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: YILMAZ Diler , AKAY Berna 
Published: June 2022

Giriş: Çocuklarla çalışan birçok meslekte olduğu gibi hemşirelik mesleğinde de çocuk sevme durumu ve iletişim becerilerinin önemli rol oynadığı belirtilmektedir.Amaç: Bu araştırmada hemşirelik öğrencilerinin çocuk sevme durumları ve iletişim becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı ve ilişkisel türdedir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, bir devlet üniversitenin hemşirelik bölümünde öğrenim gören 220 hemşirelik bölümü öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veriler tanıtıcı bilgi formu, İletişim Becerileri Envanteri ve Barnett Çocuk Sevme Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır.Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin %78,2’sinin kız öğrenci olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada hemşirelik öğrencilerinin çocuk sevme düzeyleri ile cinsiyet, çocuklar ile iletişim durumu ve çocuk sahibi olmayı isteme durumları arasında anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır (p=0,039; p=0,000; p=0,010). Öğrencilerin iletişim becerileri ile öğrenim gördükleri sınıf düzeyleri ve çocuklar ile iletişim durumları arasında istatiksel yönden anlamlılık olduğu belirlenmiştir (p=0,006; p=0,003). Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin çocuk sevme ve iletişim becerileri değerlendirildiğinde aralarında anlamlı, pozitif yönde ileri düzeyde bir ilişkinin olduğu belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Çalışma bulgularına göre, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin çocuk sevme düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu, çocuk sevme durumları ile iletişim becerileri arasında pozitif yönde ilişki saptanmıştır. Bu kapsamda bu pozitif ilişkinin devamlılığı açısından sağlık profesyoneli adaylarının eğitimlerinde çocuk sevgisini olumlu yönde geliştirecek etkinliklere yer verilmesi ve iletişim becerilerini güçlendirecek düzenlemelerin yapılması önerilebilir.
Karakterisasi Sifat Fisikokimia Dispersi Padat Celecoxib–PEG 4000 dengan Perbandingan Tiga Formula menggunakan Metode Co-grinding
Authors: Fadhila Muthia , Makmur Indra , Viona Sintia Ade , Sari Yeni Novita , Wahyuni Sinta 
Published: June 2022

Celecoxib merupakan obat antiinflamasi yang termasuk golongan Biopharmaceutical Classification System kelas II, untuk meningkatkan kelarutannya dibuat menjadi sistem dispersi padat dengan polimer PEG 4000 sehingga bisa meningkatkan kelarutan dari celecoxib. Dispersi padat dibuat dengan metode Co-Grinding dalam beberapa perbandingan antara celecoxib dan polietilen glikol 4000 yaitu 6:4, 7:3, dan 8:2 serta campuran fisik 5:5. Serbuk celecoxib murni, campuran fisik, dan dispersi padat dikarakterisasi sifat fisikokimia meliputi analisis SEM, analisis FT-IR, analisis XRD, analisis DSC, dan uji disolusi. Pada uji disolusi diperoleh % terdisolusi pada menit ke-60 celecoxib murni 55,57% ± 0,690, campuran fisik 61,20% ± 1,464, formula 1 68,38% ± 0,744, formula 2 64,24% ± 0,181, dan formula 3 61,07% ± 1,463 tingginya disolusi pada formula dapat membuktikan bahwa kelarutannya meningkat lebih baik dibandingkan celecoxib murni.