bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of Brain Iron Relating to Cognitive Impairment in Hypertension
Authors: Qin Ziji , Wu Wenjun , Liu Dingxi , Zheng Chuansheng , Kang Jiamin , Zhou Hongyan , Meng Xueni , Haacke E. Mark , Wang Lixia 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundHypertension (HTN) might impair cognition. Brain iron deposition correlates with cognitive impairment. The relationship between brain iron and cognition in HTN patients is less clear.PurposeTo measure brain susceptibility in HTN patients using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and to explore the relationship between brain iron and cognition.Study TypeRetrospective cross‐sectional study.SubjectsSixty HTN patients (35 with mild cognitive impairment [MCI] and 25 without MCI) and 24 age, gender, and education matched controls.Field Strength/Sequence3 T; strategically acquired gradient echo (STAGE) imaging protocol for QSM analysis.AssessmentAll subjects underwent Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scoring of visuospatial/executive, naming, attention, abstraction, language, delayed memory, and orientation functions. HTN patients were divided into two groups (with and without MCI) depending on the MoCA score. Regions of interest (ROIs) were manually demarcated on the STAGE images by three independent radiologists and susceptibility were determined for bilateral frontal white matter, parietal white matter, occipital white matter, caudate nucleus (CN), putamen (PU), globus pallidus (GP), thalamus (TH), red nucleus (RN), substantia nigra (SN), and dentate nucleus (DN).Statistical TestsAnalysis of variance with post‐hoc least significant difference (LSD) tests and Pearson correlation coefficients (r). A P‐value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultsThe susceptibility was significantly different in CN, PU, and DN among the three groups. The susceptibility of right CN and left PU were correlated with MoCA scores (r = −0.429 and r = −0.389, respectively). The susceptibility of left PU was also correlated with delayed memory scores (r = −0.664). The susceptibility of left and right GP were correlated with naming scores (r = −0.494 and r = −0.446, respectively) and the susceptibility of left DN were correlated with visuospatial/executive scores (r = 0.479).Data ConclusionQSM measured brain iron was significantly higher in CN, PU, and DN in HTN patients. Cognitive impairment was correlated with regional brain iron deposition.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 3
Deuterium‐depleted water: A new tracer to label pulmonary surfactant lipids in adult rabbits
Authors: Simonato Manuela , Ricci Francesca , Catozzi Chiara , Storti Matteo , Giambelluca Sonia , Correani Alessio , Salomone Fabrizio , Cogo Paola , Carnielli Virgilio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStable isotope tracing can be safely used for metabolic studies in animals and humans. The endogenous biosynthesis of lipids (lipogenesis) is a key process throughout the entire life but especially during brain and lung growth. Adequate synthesis of pulmonary surfactant lipids is indispensable for life. With this study, we report the use of deuterium‐depleted water (DDW), suitable for human consumption, as metabolic precursor for lipogenesis. We studied 13 adult rabbits for 5 days. Four rabbits drank tap water (TW) and served as controls; in four animals, DDW was substituted to drinking water, whereas five drank deuterium‐enriched water (DEW). After 5 days, a blood sample and a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) sample were collected. The 2H/1H (δ2H) of BAL palmitic acid (PA) desaturated phosphatidylcholine (DSPC), the major phospholipid of pulmonary surfactant, and of plasma water was determined by high‐resolution mass spectrometry. We found that the δ2H values of DDW, DEW and TW were −984 ± 2‰, +757 ± 2‰ and −58 ± 1‰, respectively. After 5 days, plasma water values were −467 ± 87‰, +377 ± 56‰ and −53 ± 6‰, and BAL DSPC‐PA was −401 ± 27‰, −96 ± 38‰ and −249 ± 9‰ in the DDW, DEW and TW, respectively. With this preliminary study, we demonstrated the feasibility of using DDW to label pulmonary surfactant lipids. This novel approach can be used in animals and in humans, and we speculate that it could be associated with more favourable study compliance than DEW in human studies.
Dominant spatial patterns of interannual variability in summer precipitation across northern Eurasia from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 models
Authors: Abe Manabu , Fujinami Hatsuki , Hiyama Tetsuya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere is a lack of studies elucidating the characteristics of interannual variability in different models, especially for northern Eurasia. Therefore, spatial patterns of interannual variability in summer precipitation over northern Eurasia across 15 models of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) were investigated using empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis and cluster analysis. The spatial patterns of EOF1‐3 obtained from the models exhibited similar features across the models. The spatial pattern characteristics of the interannual variability of models were similar to those of the actual observations. However, their contribution rates and the order of magnitude of the EOFs in each model differ among models and from observations. Despite the similarity between the patterns of the EOF in the models and the observations, the atmospheric circulations causing the pattern differed in the models and actual observations, resulting in uncertainty in the models. This indicates that in the analysis of extreme events and their impact, the reproducibility and uncertainty of climate models with regard to interannual variability need to be adequately evaluated. In addition, similar to many climate models, the spatial pattern of interannual variability, which is different from any of EOF1‐3 for the observations, has been more strongly represented than the actual observations. Clarification of the factors governing the common but unsuitable variability across models may be expected to decrease the uncertainty of the models in terms of interannual variability.
Smart fracture plate for quantifying fracture healing: Preliminary efficacy in a biomechanical model
Authors: Ledet Eric H. , Caparaso Sydney M. , Stout Madelyn , Cole Keegan P. , Liddle Benjamin , Cady Nathaniel C. , Archdeacon Michael T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe diagnosis of fracture nonunion following plate osteosynthesis is subjective and frequently ambiguous. Initially following osteosynthesis, loads applied to the bone are primarily transmitted through the plate. However, as callus stiffness increases, the callus is able to bear load proportional to its stiffness while forces through the plate decrease. The purpose of this study was to use a “smart” fracture plate to distinguish between phases of fracture healing by measuring forces transmitted through the plate. A wireless force sensor and small adapter were placed on the outside of a distal femoral locking plate. The adapter converts the slight bending of the plate under axial load into a transverse force which is measurable by the sensor. An osteotomy was created and then plated in the distal femur of biomechanical Sawbones. Specimens were loaded to simulate single‐leg stance first with the osteotomy defect empty (acute healing), then sequentially filled with silicone (early callus) and then polymethyl methacrylate (hard callus). There was a strong correlation between applied axial load and force measured by the “smart” plate. Data demonstrate statistically significant differences between each phase of healing with as little as 150 N of axial load applied to the femur. Forces measured in the plate were significantly different between acute (100%), early callus (66.4%), and hard callus (29.5%). This study demonstrates the potential of a “smart” fracture plate to distinguish between phases of healing. These objective data may enable early diagnosis of nonunion and enhance outcomes for patients.
Outcome after treatment for sebaceous carcinoma: A multicenter study
Authors: In 't Veld Eva Huis , Keizer Ronald , Post Nicoline , Versteeg Jeroen , Verdijk Robert , Naus Nicole , Relyveld Germaine , Crijns Marianne , Smith Myles , Grünhagen Dirk , Wakkee Marlies , Paridaens Dion , Zavrakidis Ioannis , Mooyaart Antien , van Akkooi Alexander , Strauss Dirk , Verhoef Cornelis , Wouters Michel , Hayes Andrew , van Houdt Winan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundSebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a rare malignant tumour whereby, comprehensive long‐term data are scarce. This study aimed to assess the outcome of patients treated with resection for SC.MethodsPatients treated at four tertiary centres were included. Cumulative incidence curves were calculated for recurrences.ResultsA total of 100 patients (57 males, 57%) were included with 103 SCs. The median age was 72 (range, 15–95) years with a median follow‐up of 52 (interquartile range [IQR], 24‐93) months. Most SCs were located (peri)ocular (49.5%). Of all SCs, 17 locally recurred (16.5%) with a median time to recurrence of 19 (IQR, 8–29) months. The cumulative incidence probability for recurrence was statistically higher for (peri)ocular tumours (p = 0.005), and for positive resection margins (p = 0.001). Two patients presented with lymph node metastases and additional seven patients (8.7%) developed lymph node metastases during follow‐up with a median time to metastases of 8 (IQR, 0.5–28) months. Three patients had concurrent in‐transit metastases and one patient also developed liver and bone metastases during follow‐up.ConclusionSC is a rare, yet locally aggressive tumour. Positive resection margins and (peri)ocular SCs are more frequently associated with local recurrence. SC infrequently presents with locoregional or distant metastases.
An efficient strategy based on two‐stage chromatography and in vitro evaluation for rapid screening and isolation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi
Authors: Hou Wanchao , Liu Chunming , Li Sainan , Zhang Yuchi , Jin Yongri , Li Xuwen , Liu Zhen , Niu Huazhou , Xia Jianli 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe extraction of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was investigated using the response surface methodology‐genetic algorithm mathematical regression model, and the extraction variables were optimized to maximize the flavonoid yield. Furthermore, a simple and efficient ultrafiltration–liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and molecular docking methods were developed for the rapid screening and identification of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors present in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Subsequently, four major chemical constituents, namely baicalein, norwogonin, wogonin, and oroxylin A, were identified as potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. This novel approach, involving the use of ultrafiltration–liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and molecular docking methods combined with stepwise flow rate counter‐current chromatography and semi‐preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography, could potentially provide a powerful tool for the screening and extraction of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from complex matrices and be a useful platform for the production of bioactive and nutraceutical ingredients.
Associations among traumatic experiences, threat exposure, and mental health in Pakistani journalists
Authors: Koster Suzanna M. , Koot Hans M. , Malik Jamil A. , Sijbrandij Marit 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPakistan is considered to be relatively unsafe for journalists; however, little is known about how working in situations that involve a high risk of trauma exposure and personal threat impacts journalists’ mental health. The present study aimed to examine the associations among reporting on topics that carry a high risk of trauma exposure; work‐related personal threat exposure; and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of Pakistani journalists. Participants completed online assessments to report the extent of their exposure to trauma and threat in the last 6 months with regard to reporting on militancy, crime, bomb blasts, and natural disasters and exposure to electronic, verbal, and physical threats; stalking; kidnapping; and detention. Further, we assessed symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety, and stress using self‐report instruments. Of the 296 participants, 34.1% showed clinically significant levels of PTSD, moderately elevated levels of depression, and severely elevated levels of anxiety. Linear regression analyses demonstrated an association between PTSD symptoms and a higher frequency of reporting on natural disasters, β = 2.40, p = .004, whereas symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress were associated with a lower frequency of reporting on bomb and suicide blasts, βs = ‐.93 – 1.61, p = <.001 – .047. Ideally, these findings will raise awareness about their situation, inform prevention and intervention efforts dedicated to journalists’ mental health, and promote future research to elucidate the causal factors implicated in mental health symptoms in this population.
Accumulation of glomalin‐related soil protein benefits soil carbon sequestration: Tropical coastal forest restoration experiences
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Jian , Ma Lingling , He Xinhua , Liu Zhanfeng , Wang Faming , Chu Guowei , Tang Xuli 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMany tropical coastal areas experience severe soil erosion due to heavy rainfall, especially after deforestation. Glomalin‐related soil protein (GRSP), the product of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), improves soil structure and soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration with vegetation restoration. Therefore, the contribution of GRSP to soil property improvement in a tropical coastal area was studied for four different restoration practices: a barren land (BL, unrestored control), a Eucalyptus exserta planted forest (EF), a mixed broadleaved forest (MF), and a secondary natural forest (SF). Results showed that vegetation restoration practices increased easily‐extractable GRSP (EE‐GRSP) and total GRSP (T‐GRSP) by 3.9–12.3‐ and 1.9–4.6‐times, respectively, compared with BL. The proportions of EE‐GRSP/SOC and T‐GRSP/SOC were 1.6%–2.0% and 6.5%–15.8%. The concentrations of GRSP, SOC, and the GRSP/SOC ratio were similar or greater under MF than under SF. 13C NMR analysis showed that the relatively easily degradable O‐alkyl‐C of SOC was significantly higher under MF than under EF and SF, while the recalcitrant aromatic‐C or alkyl‐C were highest under SF or EF, respectively. A significantly positive relationship was found between the GRSP/SOC ratio and aromatic‐C, and between GRSP and soil aggregate stability. Our study indicates that GRSP contributes to a large proportion of SOC, and benefits SOC sequestration through increasing soil aggregate stability and recalcitrant SOC. Among these artificial or naturally growing forest areas, a mixed forest restoration practice with native tree species provides a promising restoration strategy for heavily eroded land restoration, in particular improving soil aggregation and SOC sequestration.
Can promotion on WeChat official accounts improve scholarly journals' academic impact? A micro‐level correlation comparison study
Authors: Zhang Bei , Sun Jing , Zhang Huangqun , Xu Chengting 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWeChat has been developed into a unique social media and an increasing number of scholarly journals in China use it to promote their content. However, the effectiveness of WeChat promotion on academic impact is still unknown. This study selected five Chinese journals and investigated papers published in 2018, looking at reading counts on WeChat official accounts and the citations recorded on China's largest scholarly repository, China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI). The raw data were normalized to lower the effect of journal size and then stratified into four data sets of the top 50%, top 25%, top 10% and top 1%. The results indicate that significant positive correlations between WeChat reading counts and citations exist across the total data set and the data sets of top 50%, top 25% and top 10%. The data set of the top 1% could not be analysed due to the small number of papers. Three of the five journals and two data sets of the other two journals exhibit similar positive correlations. This study demonstrates that promotion of WeChat official accounts can influence the academic impact of individual papers, but further study is needed to clarify the exact thresholds and influential factors.
Patient selection criteria for percutaneous anterior cervical laser versus endoscopic discectomy
Authors: Hellinger Stefan , Knight Martin , Telfeian Albert E. , Lewandrowski Kai‐Uwe 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPercutaneous anterior laser and anterior endoscopic cervical spine surgery are associated with less approach trauma than conventional open cervical spine surgery. The literature illustrating their appropriate use corroborated with objective outcome evidence is scarce. The authors were interested in comparing the clinical outcomes following percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD) versus percutaneous endoscopic disc decompression (PEDD). © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Materials and MethodsThirty patients with soft contained symptomatic cervical disc herniations and an average age of 50.5 years (range 26 ‐ 68 years; 16 males and 14 females) were prospectively enrolled in 2 groups of 15 patients to be either treated with PLDD or PEDD. All patients underwent PLDD or PEDD under local anesthesia and sedation. Clinical outcomes were assessed with the Macnab criteria VAS score for arm pain. Complications and reoperations were recorded.ResultsThere were significant reductions in the VAS score for arm pain from preoperative 8.4 ± 2.5 to 3.1 ± 1.2 in the PLDD group (P < 0.03), and from preoperative 8.6 ± 2.7 to 2.4 ± 1.1 (P < 0.01) in the PEDD group. In the PLDD group, Macnab outcomes were excellent in 21% of patients, good in 44%, fair in 21%, and poor in 14%. In the PEDD group, Macnab outcomes were excellent in 14% of patients, good in 32%, fair in 12%, and poor in the remaining 12%. There were no statistically significant differences in clinical outcomes between the PLDD and the PEDD group. There were no approach‐related or surgical complications.ConclusionsTissue trauma is significantly reduced with laser and endoscopic surgery techniques. PLDD and PEDD are both suitable for the specific indication of soft, symptomatic contained cervical disc herniations. The authors’ small prospective cohort study indicates that PLDD and PEDD are options for cervical decompression surgery when medical comorbidities or preferences by patients and surgeons dictate more minimally invasive strategies.
Formation and corrosion resistance of a novel Co–Ti–Mo composite chromium‐free chemical conversion coating on LY12 aluminum alloy
Authors: Qian Xuzheng , Zhao Waner , Zhan Wen , Zhang Tianyue , Pan Jingjing , Liu Yiting 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA novel type of Co–Ti–Mo conversion coating (CoTiMoCC) was prepared on LY12 aluminum alloy, furthermore the optimal formula and the effect of conversion time (CTI) were studied in detail. The micromorphology and phase compositions were systematically investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the corrosion resistance was determined by dropping test, electrochemical tests, and immersion test. Results reveal that the best formula of CoTiMoCC is Co2SO4: 2.0 g/L, H2TiF6: 1.5 ml/L, and Na2MoO4: 1.0 g/L and the corresponding optimal CTI is 16 min. Significantly, the micromorphology of CoTiMoCC under the best conversion condition is relatively smooth, continuous, and dense, and the major elements on the surface are Co, Ti, Mo, Al, O, and F. The phase compositions mainly consist of CoO, Co3O4, MoO3, Mo2O5, TiO2, and Al2O3, as well as a small quantity of AlF3·3H2O and Na3AlF6. Compared with the Al alloy matrix, CoTiMoCC acquires an order of magnitude lower Icorr and thus significantly reduces its corrosion rate, which is also confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results. Further study of immersion test exhibits that the corrosion resistance of CoTiMoCC is approximately five times that of Al alloy matrix, and no obvious corrosion spots are generated on its surface.
Oligodendrocyte and Extracellular Matrix Contributions to Central Nervous System Motor Function: Implications for Dystonia
Authors: Yellajoshyula Dhananjay , Pappas Samuel S. , Dauer William T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe quest to elucidate nervous system function and dysfunction in disease has focused largely on neurons and neural circuits. However, fundamental aspects of nervous system development, function, and plasticity are regulated by nonneuronal elements, including glial cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The rapid rise of genomics and neuroimaging techniques in recent decades has highlighted neuronal–glial interactions and ECM as a key component of nervous system development, plasticity, and function. Abnormalities of neuronal–glial interactions have been understudied but are increasingly recognized to play a key role in many neurodevelopmental disorders. In this report, we consider the role of myelination and the ECM in the development and function of central nervous system motor circuits and the neurodevelopmental disease dystonia. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
IoT enabled smart bus for COVID‐19
Authors: Anandkumar A. , Dinakaran Kathiravan , Mani T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe main objective of this project is to ensure the safety precautions in public transportation. This project monitors and stores the database of number of allowed users with their respective temperature. The person's identity is monitored with the help of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags. The sensors and RFID reader are interfaced with the Arduino. If the temperature is increased then the threshold level alert message is passed to the person personal mobile through global system of mobile communication and the bus door does not get opened. Then if any fire, breakdown and accident exist it sends intimation to the nearby hospitals and fire service via the control room. The current location of the bus is known by using global positioning system. The entire module information controlled by IoT and the data are stored in cloud server. This system also can be implemented in theaters\shopping malls to monitor the number of allowed persons with their respective temperature as per government instructions.