bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Special issue: German Society for Geomorphology
Authors: Heckmann Tobias , Meister Julia , Dietze Elisabeth , Krautblatter Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe German Society for Geomorphology (GSG) (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geomorphologie: DGGM) evolved out of the German Working Group for Geomorphology in 2021, reflecting the widened scope of relevant topics and involved disciplines, the increasing importance for the professional job market and society in general, as well as the increasing importance of international cooperation and global challenges. In this special issue of the GSG we attempt to visualize the breadth in relevant methods and geomorphological subdisciplines, the wide scope of investigated temporal and spatial scales, but also the diversification in terms of career levels and gender equality. The special issue contains 25 research papers and one commentary, incorporating more than 30 German, Austrian, Swiss and other geomorphology groups, all active in the GSG, with co‐authors from virtually all continents. This editorial provides a short historical overview of the GSG's evolution, short paper summaries, a tabular paper overview and a graphical representation of contributing groups and networking, the career level and gender of all authors, relevant topics, methods, as well as temporal and spatial scales.
Putting it all together: The case of the U.S. Department of Labor's evidence‐building strategy
Authors: Irwin Molly , Nightingale Demetra Smith 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis chapter describes how and why the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) structured and implemented a comprehensive evidence‐building strategy in the years ahead of the federal legislation that now requires many of the same key components. In 2010, the Chief Evaluation Office was established in DOL at the departmental level to coordinate evaluation strategy and evidence building and to promote an organization‐wide culture of learning. This represented a new approach intended to elevate the priority on evidence, improve the scope and quality of evaluations and research, and expand the use of evidence. The DOL strategy included formalizing a departmental evaluation policy statement around key principles that govern high‐quality evaluations, developing a learning agenda process to strategically plan for evaluations and evidence‐building activities, and creating an evidence‐based clearinghouse to synthesize and share the results of rigorous evaluations. While each department is unique, DOL's experience highlights functions that were prioritized as well as challenges and limitations that had to be addressed in one department.
Looking Closely at Health Inequities
Authors: Solomon Mildred Z. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn January 2022, The Hastings Center convened a two‐day virtual summit called “Righting the Wrongs: Tackling Health Inequities.” On day one, speakers including Isabel Wilkerson and Richard Rothstein discussed how the social and economic determinants of health came to be so unequal in the first place. Day two focused on solutions, with panels offering examples of what can be done to improve health policy, clinical care, research, and professional education.
The Case for Ethical Efficiency: A System That Has Run Out of Time
Authors: Havlik John L. , Mercurio Mark R. , Hull Sarah C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe American health care system increasingly conflates physician “productivity” with true clinical efficiency. In reality, inordinate time pressure on physicians compromises quality of care, decreases patient satisfaction, increases clinician burnout, and costs the health care system a great deal in the long term even if it is financially expedient in the short term. Inadequate time to deliver care thereby conflicts with the core principles of biomedical ethics, including autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. We propose that the health care system adjust its focus to recognize the nonmonetary value of physician time while still realizing the need to deploy resources as effectively as possible, a concept we describe as “ethical efficiency.”
Public Trust and Medical Ethics
Authors: Lanphier Elizabeth 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn The Trusted Doctor: Medical Ethics and Professionalism, Rosamond Rhodes offers nothing less than a “new theory of medical ethics.” This theory is rooted in a social contract between the medical profession and the society for whom it cares. Rejecting the principlism and common morality that dominate modern medical ethics, Rhodes offers a duties‐based approach that reflects the special powers, privileges, and immunities granted to medical professionals. It is a compelling and comprehensive account that suggests medical ethics are best developed by and for medical professionals. But can the society who places its trust in medicine be left out of the development of the norms and practices that medical ethics both define and reflect?
Complete response of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus to nivolumab plus ipilimumab
Authors: Hayashida Michikata , Miura Yuji , Noda Taisho , Yamanaka Taro , Tanaka Naoto , Yasuoka Shotaro , Oka Suguru , Sakaguchi Kazushige , Kinowaki Keiichi , Urakami Shinji 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe effectiveness of nivolumab plus ipilimumab for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus remains unclear.Case presentationA 75‐year‐old male was diagnosed with metastatic renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus and treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab. The renal mass and thrombus regressed and all pulmonary nodules except for one lesion diminished. To avoid thrombotic complications, radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy were performed. No viable malignant cells were revealed histopathologically. Although nivolumab was continued after the surgical interventions, the remaining lesion did not change. Considering the discontinuation of nivolumab, metastasectomy was performed, and no viable malignant cells were revealed histopathologically. There has been no recurrence after the discontinuation.ConclusionNivolumab plus ipilimumab could have effectiveness for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.
US workers' willingness to accept meatpacking jobs amid the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Luckstead Jeff , Nayga Rodolfo M. , Snell Heather 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe implement a discrete choice experiment to examine the impact of COVID‐19 exposure risk, unemployment risk, enhanced and extended unemployment benefits, and job attributes on low‐skilled workers' willingness to accept (WTA) meatpacking jobs. With a sample average WTA wage of $22.77/h, the current national average meatpacking wage of approximately $15/h is too low for these workers to consider this employment opportunity. Enhanced layoff risk and exposure to COVID‐19 further deterred respondents, while health insurance, retirement benefits, and a signing bonus enhanced respondents' WTA. The additional unemployment benefits of the CARES Act neither deterred nor encouraged respondents WTA.
Upregulation of hsa_circ_0000977 participates in esophageal squamous cancer progression by sponging miR‐874‐3p
Authors: Li Ni , Wu Jiacheng , Hu Bingchuan , Lu Hongna , Gao Jianqing , Zhu Linwen , Zheng Dawei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common clinical malignancies of the digestive system, characterized by high mortality but not evident early symptoms. Molecular markers for diagnostic and outcome prediction are urgently needed. Circular RNAs might play essential roles in the progression of ESCC.MethodsHsa_circ_0000977 was identified using circRNA microarrays and qRT‐PCR. The diagnostic value of hsa_circ_0000977 was calculated. We also examined in vitro cell functions in ECA109 and TE12 ESCC cells to determine the effect of hsa_circ_0000977. A dual‐luciferase reporter vector validated the binding of hsa_circ_0000977 to miR‐874‐3p.ResultsThe top 10 significantly upregulated circRNAs from microarray assays were hsa_circ_0000977, hsa_circ_0006220, hsa_circ_0043278, hsa_circ_0000691, hsa_circ_0000288, hsa_circ_0000367, hsa_circ_0021647, hsa_circ_0006440, hsa_circRNA_405571 and hsa_circRNA_100790, while the top 10 significantly downregulated circRNAs were hsa_circ_0008389, hsa_circ_0089763, hsa_circ_0089762, hsa_circ_0000102, hsa_circ_0001714, hsa_circ_0089761, hsa_circ_0007326, hsa_circ_0001549, hsa_circ_0005133 and hsa_circRNA_405965. Hsa_circ_0000977 was significantly upregulated in ESCC (p < 0.01) and had diagnostic value in ESCC. The hsa_circ_0000977 expression level was related to the pT stage and numbers of lymph nodes in ESCC patients. Elevated hsa_circ_0000977 promoted cell proliferation, migration and inhibited apoptosis in ESCC cells. Hsa_circ_0000977 might function as a micro‐RNA sponge to competitively bind miR‐874‐3p.ConclusionDisordered hsa_circ_0000977 expression can promote carcinogenesis in ESCC and might serve as a diagnostic biomarker to evaluate the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer.
Management of acute sickle cell priapism in an African (Togo) pediatric department includes conservative measures and intracavernous epinephrine which is safe and efficacious
Authors: Guedenon Koffi Mawuse , Fiawoo Mawouto , Akolly Djatougbe Ayaovi Elie , Akpako Etse , Esso Balakibawi , Dossou Fidèle Comlan , Gbadoe Adama Dodji 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPriapism is a well‐known urologic complication of sickle cell anemia. This study describes the results of a protocol for the treatment of acute priapism by intracavernous injection of epinephrine due to unavailability of etilefrine. A descriptive cross‐sectional study of 18 cases of acute priapism in sickle cell patients treated in the pediatric department of the Sylvanus Olympio CHU from January 1 to December 31, 2020. The average age was 21.7 ± 7.7 years, the youngest patient was 8 and the oldest was 32 years old. Students represented 61.1% of the patients. The hemoglobin profiles were homozygous SS (n = 14) and double heterozygous SC (n = 4). Most of the crisis (83.3%) occurred at night. Most of the patients (66.7%) came to the hospital before the sixth hour of crisis, one patient came by the 48th hour. Walking was the most self‐relief method tried by patients (67%). It was followed by a cold penile bath, attempted urination, body bath, and lastly lukewarm bath. Fourteen patients had a history of chronic intermittent priapism. The average pain intensity was 9.5 ± 0.9 with restlessness (33.3%) and crying (33.3%). Fifteen patients were treated upon admission with an intracavernosal injection of epinephrine, and three patients were first drained. Thirteen patients achieved remission immediately, while five patients required a second injection and only one had to be drained before remission. Tolerance was good. One patient had a borderline systolic blood pressure. One erectile weakness case was noticed and no cases of sexual impotence. Epinephrine by intracavernosal injection is an efficient treatment for acute priapism in sickle cell patients. Epinephrine, which has a good tolerance in pediatric and young adult patients, should be used in lieu of etilefrine due to its unavailability in areas where it is unavailable.
Interdisciplinary interprofessional education using an online learning environment called values exchange: A qualitative investigation
Authors: McInerney John , Seedhouse David , Pettit Michael , Roberts Simone , Druva Ruth , Lewicki Sabrina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionInterprofessional education (IPE) is implemented throughout the curricula of student healthcare professions as it is understood to provide positive impact on patient outcomes in the clinical environment. There are different methods to provide IPE such as through online learning or traditional face‐to‐face methods. However, there is a lack of research surrounding the use of Online Learning Environments (OLEs) to teach IPE.MethodsIn a pilot study, seventy‐one undergraduate radiography students and twenty Master of Pharmacy students engaged in an ethical scenario using the OLE, Values Exchange (Vx). Following the activity, students were invited to complete an open‐ended response question. Fourteen students responded and these data were used for qualitative analysis.ResultsA thematic analysis of the students' open‐ended responses found the emergence of three major themes, namely; understanding the roles of other healthcare professionals, developing self‐reflection skills and, preparing for the clinical environment. Students suggested that additional time allocated for undertaking the study would benefit their engagement in the activity. Students would benefit from added engagement in the Vx task in both the short and long term for IPE.ConclusionStudents are receptive in utilising contemporary approaches such as OLEs in furthering their IPE. Positive interpretations and suggestions by both radiography and pharmacy students in this study demonstrate how Vx as an OLE teaching tool can be used effectively. OLEs can overcome barriers that exist in face‐to‐face education experiences. OLEs should be considered for greater use within academic curricula of healthcare professions, but only if they have been evaluated for effectiveness.
Impacts of nutrient loading and fish grazing on the phytoplankton community and cyanotoxin production in a shallow tropical lake: Results from mesocosm experiments
Authors: Ahoutou Mathias K. , Yao Eric Kouamé , Djeha Rosine Y. , Kone Mamadou , Tambosco Kevin , Duval Charlotte , Hamlaoui Sahima , Bernard Cécile , Bouvy Marc , Marie Benjamin , Montuelle Bernard , Troussellier Marc , Konan Felix K. , Coulibaly Julien Kalpy , Dosso Mireille , Humbert Jean‐François , Quiblier Catherine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGiven the increasing eutrophication of water bodies in Africa due to increasing anthropogenic pressures, data are needed to better understand the responses of phytoplankton communities to these changes in tropical lakes. These ecosystems are used by local human populations for multiple purposes, including fish and drinking water production, potentially exposing these populations to health threats if, for example, an increase in toxic cyanobacterial blooms is associated with increasing eutrophication. To test the short‐term response of the phytoplankton community to the addition of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen, alone or in combination) and Nile tilapia, we developed an in situ mesocosm experiment in a freshwater lagoon located near Abidjan (Ivory Coast). We found that phytoplankton growth (estimated by chlorophyll‐a quantification) was highly stimulated when both nitrogen and phosphorus were added, while there was no clear evidence for such colimitation by these two nutrients when considering their concentrations in the lagoon. Phytoplankton growth was accompanied by significant changes in the diversity and composition of this community and did not lead to an increase in the proportions of cyanobacteria. However, the addition of fish to some mesocosms resulted in a drastic decrease in phytoplankton biomass and a dominance of chlorophytes in this community. Finally, these experiments showed that the addition of nitrogen, alone or combined with phosphorus, stimulated microcystin production by cyanobacteria. In addition, no evidence of microcystin accumulation in the fish was found. Taken together, these data allow us to discuss strategies for controlling cyanobacterial blooms in this tropical ecosystem.
Historical analysis (2001–2019) of low‐level wind shear at the Hong Kong International Airport
Authors: Hon Kai‐Kwong , Chan Pak‐wai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper analyses over 10,000 quality‐controlled pilot reports of low‐level wind shear (‘wind shear’) at the Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA; ICAO code: VHHH) between 2001 and 2019. HKIA is well known for its susceptibility to wind shear, which is a potential hazard for aircraft during landing and take‐off. Wind shear at HKIA exhibits strong seasonality with double peaks in the middle of the spring and summer months. There is a strong diurnal cycle in report numbers, peaking towards the afternoon, as modulated by air traffic at HKIA. On average, there are 115 days per year with wind shear reported, with possible power law distribution in the number of days with different number of reports. By comparing the background wind distribution during those minutes with pilot reports against the climatological distribution, wind shear is observed to be, on average, favoured under higher wind speeds (≥6 m s−1) and reduced under lower speeds with shifted frequency peak and heavier tail, although statistical behaviour can differ significantly across individual runway corridors. Preferred background wind directions for wind shear occurrence highlight the role of terrain influence upstream of HKIA. While positive shear (65.6%) is more often reported than negative shear (34.4%), both types of wind shear events appear to follow an exponential distribution in shear magnitude, with similar rates of decay. This is by far the largest statistical study of low‐level wind shear at an airport. Results can serve as an important local reference in addition to being a useful example for airports around the world.
Multi‐parametric surface plasmon resonance‐based intake quantification of label‐free light‐activated nanoparticles by therapeutic limbal stem cells for corneal blindness
Authors: Kauppila Maija , Ståhlberg Roosa , Francisco Vitor , Ferreira Lino , Skottman Heli 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAdvanced therapies with combined approaches of cell and nanomedicine‐based interventions are emerging. Corneal blindness with a severe form of limbal stem cell (LSC) deficiency is an example of defect with unmet clinical need. Towards cell‐based therapy, advanced enabling technologies are needed for efficient intracellular delivery of biomolecules both for in vitro disease modeling and for in vivo interventions. For this nanomedicine creates novel possibilities as light activatable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) hold potential for controlled on‐demand cargo delivery with control of light. In this study, we used multi‐parametric surface plasmon resonance (MP‐SPR) technique in vitro for measuring NP intake in real‐time by therapeutic LSCs. Although a variety of NPs has been described, many challenges remain, and one is related to cell uptake of the formulations. Here, three different NP formulations were analyzed, one demonstrating clearly the highest cellular intake by LSCs. Importantly, data demonstrate that the labeling of NPs significantly reduce the cellular intake highlighting the importance of label‐free administration and quantification. The MP‐SPR based approach hold high potential as a powerful non‐invasive platform to be implemented in manufacturing of therapeutic cell‐ and cargo‐based interventions. For any therapy applications, validated non‐invasive and label independent NP intake measurement systems would be important.
Association between landing biomechanics, knee pain, and kinesiophobia in athletes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ohji Shunsuke , Aizawa Junya , Hirohata Kenji , Ohmi Takehiro , Mitomo Sho , Koga Hideyuki , Yagishita Kazuyoshi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionKinesiophobia is a fear of physical movement and activity and is known to affect return to sports and second injury after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.ObjectiveTo determine the association among landing biomechanics, knee pain, and kinesiophobia in athletes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.DesignA cross‐sectional study.SettingClinical center of sports medicine.ParticipantsThis study included 31 athletes who participated in sports after primary, unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (age, median [interquartile range]: 20.0 [7.0] years; body mass index: 22.2 [2.6] kg/m2; time from anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: 24.0 [23.0] months).InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresKinesiophobia was measured using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia‐11. Knee function included joint laxity, strength, and single‐leg hop distance. Knee pain intensity during sports activities was measured using a numerical rating scale. Vertical ground reaction force was measured, and electromyography data for the vastus medialis and semitendinosus muscles during single‐leg jump landing were collected. Univariate correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed to identify the associations between the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia‐11 score and outcome measures.ResultsThere was no correlation between peak vertical ground reaction force and Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia‐11 score (Spearman's r = −0.17, p = .355). On multiple regression analyses, lower preparatory vastus medialis activity during landing (beta coefficient = −0.51, p < .001) and knee pain intensity (beta coefficient = 0.57, p < .001) were significantly associated with greater Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia‐11 scores.ConclusionsIn athletes who have participated in sports following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, lower preparatory vastus medialis activity during landing and knee pain intensity are associated with greater kinesiophobia. These findings indicate that interventions to address the landing muscle activity pattern and pain control should be performed to decrease kinesiophobia after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
The effect of melt drawing ratio on the crystal structural change and performance of polyketone extrusion cast film
Authors: Xu Ruijie , Yin Liangdong , Chen Jiaqiang , Xie Jiayi , Yin Zefeng , Lei Caihong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the polyketone (POK) extrusion cast film is manufactured by melt stretching method, and the evolution process of the crystal morphology and mechanical properties with the increase of melt drawing ratio (MDR) are followed. The results show that the melt stretching process produces many micro shish‐kebab crystals in the POK. The length of the shish crystal and the thickness of the kebab crystal hardly increase with MDR, but the lateral length of the kebab crystal shows linear growth when MDR exceeds 40. The crystalline morphology of POK is mainly affected by melt relaxation. The molecular chain has sufficient relaxation during cooling at a low MDR (20–40). At this time, micro shish‐kebab crystals are mainly randomly arranged. When MDR exceeds 40, the rapid melt stretching shortens the relaxation time of the tie chain between the neighborhood shish crystal, and the atomic force microscopy image shows a typical shish‐kebab structure. This experimental result indicates that the formation of the oriented lamella structure may be related to the relaxation of the molecular chains between the micro‐shish. When the length of the shish axis and the thickness of the kebab lamellae are similar, it is difficult to distinguish the two.