bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the divergence characteristics of a jet transport aircraft wing using numerical method.
Authors: Ferede Kirubeil Awoke 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The goal of the present paper work is to demonstrate the use of numerical matrix iteration technique to obtain the divergence speed of a jet transport aircraft wing by employing aerodynamic strip theory. Aerodynamics strip theory is employed to obtain the divergence speeds for a finite (Three Dimensional) wing and for an infinite (Two dimensional) wing by matrix iteration technique. The aircraft wing is divided in to a number of Multhopp’s stations. The elastic property of the wing of a typical jet transport is considered for this analysis. Assuming a straight elastic axis, the matrix of torsional influence coefficients associated with Multhopp’s stations has been computed. A MATLAB code is used to iterate the matrix to arrive at the required convergent approximate solution. The solution converges about after ten iterations of the matrix. It is observed that torsional divergence speed estimated on the basis of strip theory without finite span correction is about 18% lower than the divergence speed estimated on the basis of strip theory with finite span correction. Two-dimensional torsional divergence analysis based on strip theory yields conservative torsional divergence speed. A tentative increase of 20 % in torsional stiffness resulted in about 15.5 percent increase in torsional divergence speed of a three-dimensional wing. This shows that divergence speed of a wing is directly proportional to the square root of torsional stiffness. This corroborates the result obtained for a two-dimensional wing. The result of the findings will be mandatory to high performance modern airplane designers for aeroelastic analysis.
Worldwide, Economic Affluence Was In Significantly Stronger Correlation To Obesity Prevalence Rate In Males Than In Females
Authors: You Wenpeng , Henneberg Maciej 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: Socioeconomic status has been associated with obesity prevalence increase in both males and females worldwide. We examined the magnitude of the difference between the two relationships and explored the independence of both relationships. Methods: Country specific data on GDP per capita, sex-specific obesity prevalence rates, urbanisation, total caloric intake and level of obesity, genetic background accumulation (measured by Biological State Index, Ibs) were obtained for 191 countries. Curvilinear regressions, bivariate and partial correlations, linear mixed models and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between GDP and obesity prevalence rates in males and females respectively. Fisher’s r-to-z transformation, F-test and R2 increment in multivariate regression were performed to compare the correlations or coefficients. Results: Curvilinear regressions, bivariate correlation and partial correlations with potential confounders (Ibs, urbanization and calories) statistically kept constant revealed that GDP was in significantly stronger correlation to obesity prevalence rate in males than in females. Stepwise multiple regression identified that GDP was a significant predictor of obesity prevalence in both sexes. Multivariate stepwise regression showed that, when adding GDP as an obesity prevalence predictor, the absolute increment of R2 in male fit model (0.046) was almost four (4) times greater than the absolute increment in female model fit (0.012). The Stepwise analyses also revealed that 68.0% of male but only 37.4% of female obesity prevalence rates were explained by the total contributing effects of GDP, Ibs, urbanization and calories. Conclusions: GDP may contribute to obesity prevalence significantly more in males than in females regardless of the confounding effects of Ibs, urbanization and calories. This may suggest that aetiologies for female obesity are much more complex than for males and more confounders should be included in the future studies when the data are available.
Zoonotic Trematode Prevalence In Galba Pervia (Lymnaeidae) And Experimental Infection Of Three Isolated Trematodes In The Intestine Of Duck
Authors: Li Jian , Ren Yijing , Yang Lei , Guo Jiani , Chen Haiying , Liu Jiani , Tian Haoqiang , Zhou Qingan , Huang Weiyi , Hu Wei , Feng Xinyu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Food-borne diseases cause serious harm to public health and food safety. The snail species Galba pervia is an intermediate host for an array of parasitic trematodes. In this study, we performed a prevalence investigation on zoonotic trematode in G. pervia in Guangxi, China, and assessed the zoonotic potential of Trematode in the region.Methods: G. pervia was collected from 61 sites in 9 cities throughout Guangxi Provinces between 2012 to 2014. The larvae species were determined by combing morphological and molecular characteristics. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using neighbor-joining method with ITS2 sequences. The developmental cycles of the isolated trematodes were examined by experimental infection in ducks. The developmental characteristics of Echinostoma revolutum was recorded by dissecting infected ducklings from 1 dpi to 10 dpi. Results: Species identification showed E. revolutum, Australapatemon sp., Hypoderaeum conoideum, Pharyngostomum cordatum and Echinostoma sp. parasitized in G. pervia. However, no Fasciola larvae had been detected. A Neighbor-Joining tree analysis of ITS2 sequences resulted in monophyletic clades comprised of all sequences from isolated larvae with high bootstrap support. The overall prevalence of Trematode larvae in G. pervia was 22.0% (1818/8258), while E. revolutum presented with the highest infection rate of 12.9% from 11 sampling sites. Ducklings exposed to Echinostoma sp., E. revolutum, and H. conoideum larvae were successfully infected. E. revolutum larvae matured at 10 dpi in the intestine of the duck, and the developmental characteristics of E. revolutum were characterized by the maturation of the reproductive and digestive organs around 6~8 dpi.Conclusions: The present investigation revealed the high prevalence of trematodes in the G. pervia in Guangxi, China. With existing trematode infection human cases together with wide geographical distribution of G. pervia, more insight into the risks of human health and its link to human infections are needed.
Past and present giant viruses diversity explored through permafrost metagenomics
Authors: Rigou Sofia , Santini Sébastien , Abergel Chantal , Claverie Jean-Michel , Legendre Matthieu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Giant viruses are abundant in aquatic environments and ecologically important through the metabolic reprogramming of their hosts. Lesser is known about giant viruses from soil although two of them, belonging to different families, were reactivated from 30,000-y-old Siberian permafrost samples, suggesting an untapped diversity of Nucleocytoviricota in this environment. Through permafrost metagenomics, we reveal a high heterogeneity in the abundance of giant viruses representing up to 12% of the total community in one sample. Pithoviridae and Orpheoviridae-like viruses were the most important contributors, followed by Mimiviridae. A comparison to other terrestrial metagenomes confirmed that the diversity pattern in these samples is quite unique. In contrast, Pandoraviridae sequences remained scarce. Using a stringent methodology, we were able to assemble large genomes, including a complete circular 1.6 Mb Pithoviridae-like from a 42,000-y-old sample. The uncovered Pithoviridae diversity also provided insights into the family evolution. The phylogenetic reconstruction of specific functions not only revealed gene transfers between cells and viruses, but also between viruses from different families. Finally, the extensive annotation of the permafrost viral sequences revealed a patchwork of predicted functions amidst an even larger reservoir of anonymous genes of unknown functions.
Communication, Cognition and Competency Development in Healthcare – A model for integrating cognitive ethnography and communication skills training in clinical interventions
Authors: Schwalbe Daria M. , Timmermann Connie , Gregersen Trine A. , Steffensen Sune V. , Ammentorp Jette 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background: This article illustrates how cognitive, organizational, and communicative/interactive processes can be included into the design of micro-skills interventions in healthcare. We present a model for integrating methods of cognitive ethnography and in situ simulation into clinical communication intervention studies to support the implementation process. Methods: A twelve-week Blended Learning communication training course based on the Calgary-Cambridge guide and supported by in situ simulation is conducted among healthcare professionals at an outpatient clinic at a Danish university hospital. Cognitive ethnography is used to document and evaluate implementation and competency development: How learning is absorbed and translated into clinical practice. Results/Discussion: Clinical intervention studies can be designed to include cognitive, organizational, and communicative/interactive processes. The proposed model can effectively support implementation of communicative skills interventions in healthcare. The integration of cognitive ethnography supports documentation of change processes and organizational challenges that arise during the implementation and allows to evaluate whether the intervention is flexible enough to accommodate in “real-time.” Integration of cognitive ethnography can also secure necessary and timely adaptability of the program, stimulating the desired change on individual and organizational levels. In situ simulation training provides a further opportunity to train and review communicative skills in the clinic, which may help to better retain the introduced skills, thus promoting sustainable change. Conclusions: The proposed design can narrow the theory-practice gap, c and knowledge transfer, and has the potential to generate a positive cultural change, all of which are necessary to improve organizational processes and better patient care. The model works for the benefit of the clinic and may be more suitable for implementation of communication projects than, say, randomized setups. Adopting the integration of cognitive ethnography with clinical interventions as a way of understanding change processes can ensure adaptable activities and secure quality optimization and change in individual behavior and organizational culture over time. Improvement of health communication and communicative skills of healthcare providers can create pace for patient-involvement and reduce inequalities, and hence provide better and safer healthcare.
A community-based feasibility randomized controlled study to test food-specific inhibitory control training in people with disinhibited eating during COVID-19 in Italy
Authors: Cardi Valentina , Meregalli Valentina , Rosa Elisa Di , Derrigo Rossella , Faustini Chiara , Keeler Johanna Louise , Favaro Angela , Treasure Janet , Lawrence Natalia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
PurposeThe aim of this study was to expand the evidence on the feasibility and impact of food-specific inhibitory control training in a community sample of people with disinhibited eating.MethodsRecruitment and data collection were conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak, in Italy. Ninety-four adult individuals with disinhibited eating were randomised to one of two conditions: App-based food-specific inhibitory control training or waiting list. Participants were assessed at baseline, end of intervention (two weeks following baseline) and follow-up (one week later). The assessment measures included questionnaires about eating behaviour and mood.ResultsSeventy-three percent of the sample reported a diagnosis of binge eating disorder, and 20.4% a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa. Retention rates were 77% and 86% for the food-specific inhibitory control training and the waiting list conditions, respectively. Almost half of the participants allocated to the training condition completed the “recommended” dose of training (i.e., 10 or more sessions). Those in the training condition reported lower levels of wanting for high-energy dense foods (p<0.05), a trend for lower levels of perceived hunger (p=0.07), and lower levels of depression (p<0.05). Binge eating symptoms, disinhibition, wanting for high-energy dense foods, stress and anxiety were significantly lower at end of intervention, compared to baseline (p<.05). ConclusionFindings corroborate the feasibility of food-specific inhibitory control training, and its impact on high-energy dense foods liking. The study expands the evidence base for food-specific inhibitory control training by highlighting its impact on perceived hunger and depression. The mechanisms underlying these effects remain to be clarified.Level of Evidence: Level I, Evidence obtained from at least one properly designed randomized controlled trials; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; experimental studies.
Cardioprotective Effect of Daidzein Against Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction Injury in Rats
Authors: R Vadivelan , Sundaram Vikash , Mohanasundaram Tharani , TIWARI RUCHI , Subramani Meenatchisundaram 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Daidzein (DZ) is an isoflavone derived from soy plants that has a wide range of nutritional benefits. The cardioprotective effect of DZ on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction (MI) injury in rats was investigated in this work.
Methods
DZ (10 and 20 mg/kg) was given to adult male Wistar Albino rats on a daily basis for 6 weeks. After the treatment period, the rats were subcutaneously injected with isoproterenol (ISO) (85 mg/kg) at 24-hour intervals for two days. Myocardial infarct size, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH) catalase (CAT) activities, and the histological alterations in the heart were observed using haematoxylin and eosin staining. Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in heart tissues were detected with ELISA kits.
Results
In ISO-induced rats, DZ administration reduced myocardial infract area, improved histological abnormalities in the myocardium, and decreased the activities of myocardial injury marker enzymes. Furthermore, DZ effectively reversed ISO-induced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant depletion, as well as considerably lowering cardiac pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in this animal model.
Conclusion
This research shows that DZ reduces ISO-induced myocardial infarction injury and is linked to a reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation.
Production and Wear Optimization of an MSSA Reinforced Al-Si-Mg Composite: A Taguchi Approach
Authors: OCHUOKPA Ezekiel Otor , YAWAS Danjuma Saleh , Sumaila Malachy , Samuel Bassey Okon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, Al-Si-Mg-MSSA composite is produced by reinforcing the aluminum alloy with mango seed shell ash (MSSA). For the development parameters of stirring time, processing temperature, MSSA content, and MSSA particle size, Taguchi design of experiment was employed for the optimization of the wear properties of the developed composites. The optimal wear rate of the MSSA reinforced Al-Si-Mg composite was obtained to be 0.001517mm3/N/m at stirring time, processing temperature, MSSA content, and particle size of 60s, 720℃, 20%, and 25µm. Analysis of variance also proved the significance of MSSA particles in the reduction of the wear rate of Al-Si-Mg alloys. The wear behavior of the developed composite was successfully modeled using regression analysis with a prediction accuracy of 90.32%.
Quality of Life of People With Motor Disabilities, Involved or Not in Parasports
Authors: Dantas Karollyni Bastos Andrade , Dantas Estélio Henrique Martin , Emygdio Rogério Ferreira , Vieira Ivaldo Brandão , Reis Francisco Prado 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of parasport on the quality of life of people with motor disabilities. Methodology: This cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted with 39 para-athletes (O = 30.9 ± 11.7 years) and 10 non-athletes with motor disabilities (b = 31.6 ± 9.3 years). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Pará State (CAAE nº 51930821.2.0000.5174), under protocol no. 5.012.266, of October 1, 2021. Data were collected on a Google Forms questionnaire. Quality of life was evaluated by applying the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire ― WHOQOL-100. The data were presented using descriptive statistics and underwent inferential analysis via nonparametric tests, where continuous data distribution is distinguished from normal distribution. The Mann-Whitney nonparametric test was applied for intergroup comparisons of continuous variables. For discrete and/or nominal variables, Pearson’s chi-squared test was used, both with a significance level of p < 0.05 to reject the null hypothesis. Results: The para-athletes exhibited better quality of life than that of non-athletes (∆% = 12.97%, p = 0.02), the former achieving a general index of 14.20, classifying them as high (above 14 points). This result is due primarily to Domain 6 (Spirituality), where this group obtained an index of 16.90, higher than that of the group of non-athletes in this domain (j% = 16.69%). Conclusion: With respect to their physical disabilities, the para-athlete group displayed better quality of life than their non-athlete counterparts. It can be inferred that engaging in parasports may have helped people with physical disabilities overcome their limitations.
A Multi-criteria Decision-making Framework for Selecting the Best Low Impact Development Techniques (LIDs)
Authors: Heidari Hadi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Low impact Development (LID) techniques are known as a novel stormwater management approach designed to mitigate the adverse effects of stormwater runoff and nonpoint source pollution. This study proposes a methodology for selecting the best LIDs based on the multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) while incorporating different stakeholder priorities. First, we characterize all main stakeholders so that their influences can be assessed. Second, relevant main criteria and sub-criteria are selected. Third, a stakeholder analysis is carried out to obtain social performance values and criteria priorities. Finally, two MCDA methods are applied to obtain the final LID rankings. The results show that the performance of infiltration practices and vegetated filter strips are reasonably good in stakeholders’ opinion. Subsequently, the performance of the soil restoration has a number of positive effects on stormwater quality and quantity function. Most of the ten LID techniques received ratings more than 3 from the Weighted Average Method (WAM) method (performing well) other than green roofs and constructed filters, and no techniques averaged lower than 2.29 out of 5. There is a general consensus on how vegetated filter strip and infiltration practices would perform, while there is little consensus on the bioretention, level spreaders, and porous pavements. The ratings show that the majority of stakeholders thought most LIDs would perform well (score of more than 3). While further investigations into the opinions held by main stakeholders of stormwater management of LID will be required, the results of this study provide an initial insight into how these results can be applied to support effective widespread LID implementation.
Management of Post COVID-19 Rhino cerebral Mucormycosis: A case report
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Sharma Sidhartha , Chawla Amrita , Koli Dheeraj , Mishra Deepika , Anbarasan Subagar , Logani Ajay 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mucormycosis is a life-threatening, opportunistic, deep fungal infection frequently evident in patients with moderate to severe forms of COVID-19. It is usually detected within 2-8 weeks after the onset of symptoms and is categorized into six types depending on its location. The rhinocerebral form is most prevalent and involves orofacial structures. The fulminant nature of Mucormycosis necessitates rapid diagnosis and aggressive multidisciplinary treatment planning. This report presents a case of post-COVID-19 rhinocerebral Mucormycosis, where the failure to identify the disease by the dentist led to treatment delay. The patient was successfully managed by a combined approach of surgical debridement and systemic antifungal drug administration. The function and esthetics were restored by prosthetic rehabilitation. Etiopathogenesis of post-COVID-19 Mucromycosis and the dentist’s role in the diagnosis and treatment of mucormycosis following COVID-19 infection is discussed.
An improved pharmacometric model for artesunate treatment of falciparum malaria
Authors: Saralamba Sompob , Simpson Julie A , Choosri Noppon , White Lisa , Pan-Ngum Wirichada , Dondorp Arjen M , White Nicholas J 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Previous mathematical models characterising the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of artemisinins in-vivo have not accounted satisfactorily for observed dose-response relationships. We present a new mathematical model of antimalarial pharmacodynamics which incorporates the hypothesis that parasites enter a transitional unresponsive state after contact with artemisinins, followed either by delayed death or reactivation. The model predictions are consistent with both in vitro and in vivo study results.
Using a CO2 Laser-Firing as a Clean Production Method to Form an Electrical Conductivity Surface and ColorChanging on Craft Ceramic.
Authors: LEE TZU-CHIEH (JAY) 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Craft ceramic is an old industry. Most craft clay needs to be fired in a kiln, but kilns are expensive and inefficient [Kiln firing thermal efficiency: Kiln body heat storage 18.67%, Exhaust Sensible Heat 45.9%, Heat loss from incomplete combustion 16.24%, Radiated Conduction and Other Loss of Heat 12.61%]. In order to change the color of ceramic, potters commonly use kiln reduction firing. This technique requires an additional step and more fuel, which creates more air pollution. In this study, we used a CO2 laser to fire craft clay and glaze. This process not only changes the ceramic’s color but also changes the conductivity of the ceramic’s surface. By changing the composition of the glaze, the ceramic’s surface resistance was altered. Most kiln-fired ceramics are non-conductive because oxides are combined by covalent bonds. During the laser firing process, the covalent bonds become metal bonds. The scientific value of this paper is expanding the area of clean ceramic techniques.This new firing technique produces ceramic products that are superior in terms of light, heat, magnetism, and electricity. Thus, laser firing adds more function to the final ceramic product than kiln firing does. As opposed to kiln firing, there is no air pollution associated with CO2 laser firing. In comparison to kiln firing, laser-firing reduces both heat waste and air pollution by 99%. This study is based on our patented laser ceramic reduction firing technique. (Taiwan, R.O.C Patent Number: I687394& I750055) We recommend additional studies into laser firing in order to collect more data on laser-based ceramic production. Range: 20W laser