Physical Activity, Body Mass Index, and Blood Progranulin in Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Associations in the MAPT Study
Authors: Raffin Jérémy , Angioni Davide , Giudici Kelly V , Valet Philippe , Aggarwal Geetika , Nguyen Andrew D , Morley John E , Guyonnet Sophie , Rolland Yves , Vellas Bruno , de Souto Barreto Philipe ,   MAPT/DSA Group, Vellas Bruno , Guyonnet Sophie , Carrié Isabelle , Brigitte Lauréane , Faisant Catherine , Lala Françoise , Delrieu Julien , Villars Hélène , Combrouze Emeline , Badufle Carole , Zueras Audrey , Andrieu Sandrine , Cantet Christelle , Morin Christophe , Van Kan Gabor Abellan , Dupuy Charlotte , Rolland Yves , Caillaud Céline , Ousset Pierre-Jean , Lala Françoise , Willis Sherry , Belleville Sylvie , Gilbert Brigitte , Dartigues Jean-François , Marcet Isabelle , Delva Fleur , Foubert Alexandra , Cerda Sandrine , Costes Corinne , Rouaud Olivier , Manckoundia Patrick , Quipourt Valérie , Marilier Sophie , Franon Evelyne , Bories Lawrence , Pader Marie-Laure , Basset Marie-France , Lapoujade Bruno , Faure Valérie , Li Yung Tong Michael , Malick-Loiseau Christine , Cazaban-Campistron Evelyne , Desclaux Françoise , Blatge Colette , Dantoine Thierry , Laubarie-Mouret Cécile , Saulnier Isabelle , Clément Jean-Pierre , Picat Marie-Agnès , Bernard-Bourzeix Laurence , Willebois Stéphanie , Désormais Iléana , Cardinaud Noëlle , Bonnefoy Marc , Livet Pierre , Rebaudet Pascale , Gédéon Claire , Burdet Catherine , Terracol Flavien , Pesce Alain , Roth Stéphanie , Chaillou Sylvie , Louchart Sandrine , Sudres Kristel , Lebrun Nicolas , Barro-Belaygues Nadège , Touchon Jacques , Bennys Karim , Gabelle Audrey , Romano Aurélia , Touati Lynda , Marelli Cécilia , Pays Cécile , Robert Philippe , Le Duff Franck , Gervais Claire , Gonfrier Sébastien , Gasnier Yannick , Bordes Serge , Begorre Danièle , Carpuat Christian , Khales Khaled , Lefebvre Jean-François , Misbah El Idrissi Samira , Skolil Pierre , Salles Jean-Pierre , Dufouil Carole , Lehéricy Stéphane , Chupin Marie , Mangin Jean-François , Bouhayia Ali , Allard Michèle , Ricolfi Frédéric , Dubois Dominique , Paule Bonceour Martel Marie , Cotton François , Bonafé Alain , Chanalet Stéphane , Hugon Françoise , Bonneville Fabrice , Cognard Christophe , Chollet François , Payoux Pierre , Voisin Thierry , Delrieu Julien , Peiffer Sophie , Hitzel Anne , Allard Michèle , Zanca Michel , Monteil Jacques , Darcourt Jacques , Molinier Laurent , Derumeaux Hélène , Costa Nadège , Perret Bertrand , Vinel Claire , Caspar-Bauguil Sylvie , Olivier-Abbal Pascale , Andrieu Sandrine , Cantet Christelle , Coley Nicola 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Physical activity (PA) has been shown to moderate the negative effects of obesity on pro-inflammatory cytokines but its relationship with the adipokine progranulin (PGRN) remains poorly investigated. This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional main and interactive associations of body mass index (BMI) and PA level with circulating PGRN in older adults. Five-hundred and twelve participants aged 70 years and older involved in the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT) study who underwent plasma PGRN measurements (ng/mL) were included. Self-reported PA levels were assessed using questionnaires. People were classified into 3 BMI categories: normal weight, overweight, or obesity. Further categorization using PA tertiles was used to define highly active, moderately active, and low active individuals. Multiple linear regressions were performed in order to test the associations of BMI, PA level, and their interaction with PGRN levels. Multiple linear regressions adjusted by age, sex, diabetes mellitus status, total cholesterol, creatinine level, and MAPT group demonstrated significant interactive associations of BMI status and continuous PA such that in people without obesity, higher PA levels were associated with lower PGRN concentrations, while an opposite pattern was found in individuals with obesity. In addition, continuous BMI was positively associated with circulating PGRN in highly active individuals but not in their less active peers. This cross-sectional study demonstrated reverse patterns in older adults with obesity compared to those without obesity regarding the relationships between PA and PGRN levels. Longitudinal and experimental investigations are required to understand the mechanisms that underlie the present findings.
Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT00672685