bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The boundaries of vision communication—The effects of vision‐task goal‐alignment on leaders' effectiveness
Authors: Gochmann Viktoria , Stam Daan , Shemla Meir 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe leadership literature advances that vision communication is essential for leadership because it enhances follower motivation by providing a deeper meaning for one's job. However, empirical research on the relationship between visions and outcomes are mixed suggesting that moderators may be at play—and indeed moderators have been investigated in terms of follower characteristics and environmental circumstances. Yet, one crucial aspect of vision communication is overlooked: the notion that vision communication is embedded in the broader range of leadership behaviors and thus that vision communication effectiveness is dependent on how it relates to other leadership activities. In this research, we focus on leader task goal setting as a moderator of vision communication since task goal setting is strongly related to vision communication and is frequently used by leaders. Our hypotheses are based on Behavioral Integrity (BI) theory, which suggests that leaders are perceived as more effective when their words are mirrored in their deeds. In this vein, we propose that vision communication leads to better outcomes when the values communicated in a vision are aligned with values later communicated in task goals because alignment causes higher levels of BI of the leader. Results of a scenario study and a field study support these predictions and we discuss implications for research and practice, such as leadership development programs.
Exosomes as a messager to regulate the crosstalk between macrophages and cardiomyocytes under hypoxia conditions
Authors: Zhang Zenglei , Xu Yanyan , Cao Chang , Wang Bo , Guo Jiacheng , Qin Zhen , Lu Yongzheng , Zhang Jianchao , Zhang Li , Wang Wei , Zhang Jinying , Tang Junnan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecent studies have confirmed that cardiomyocyte‐derived exosomes have many pivotal biological functions, like influencing the progress of coronary artery disease via modulating macrophage phenotypes. However, the mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and macrophages have not been fully characterized. Hence, this study aimed to observe the interaction between cardiomyocytes under hypoxia and macrophages through exosome communication and further evaluate the ability of exosomes derived from cardiomyocytes cultured under hypoxic conditions (Hypo‐Exo) to polarize macrophages, and the effect of alternatively activated macrophages (M2) on hypoxic cardiomyocytes. Our results revealed that hypoxia facilitated the production of transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) in H9c2 cell‐derived exosomes. Moreover, exosomes derived from cardiomyocytes cultured under normal conditions (Nor‐Exo) and Hypo‐Exo could induce RAW264.7 cells into classically activated macrophages (M1) and M2 macrophages respectively. Likewise, macrophage activation was induced by circulating exosomes isolated from normal human controls (hNor‐Exo) or patients with acute myocardial infarction (hAMI‐Exo). Thus, our findings support that the profiles of hAMI‐Exo have been changed, which could regulate the polarization of macrophages and subsequently the polarized M2 macrophages reduced the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in return. Based on our findings, we speculate that exosomes have emerged as important inflammatory response modulators regulating cardiac oxidative stress injury.
Newly developed type 1 diabetes after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination: A case report
Authors: Sasaki Hironobu , Itoh Arata , Watanabe Yasuhiro , Nakajima Yuya , Saisho Yoshifumi , Irie Junichiro , Meguro Shu , Itoh Hiroshi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe vaccine for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has been reported to potentially cause or worsen diabetes. A 73‐year‐old Japanese woman received two doses of Moderna COVID‐19 vaccine. Four weeks after the second vaccination, her glycemic control began to deteriorate, and 8 weeks after the second vaccination, the patient was diagnosed with new‐onset type 1 diabetes that was strongly positive for autoantibodies and showed a disease‐susceptible human leukocyte antigen haplotype, DRB1*04:05:01‐DQB1*04:01:01. The glucagon stimulation test suggested an insulin‐dependent state, and induction of intensive insulin therapy brought about fair glycemic control. The time period from the COVID‐19 vaccination to the development of type 1 diabetes was relatively longer than to the onset or exacerbation of type 2 diabetes, as previously reported, suggesting the complicated immunological mechanisms for the destruction of β‐cells associated with the vaccination. In recipients with the disease‐susceptible haplotypes, one should be cautious about autoimmune responses for several months after the vaccination.
Causes of longitudinal nail splitting: a retrospective 56‐case series with clinical pathological correlation
Authors: Inthasot S. , André J. , Richert B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundSplit nail (SN) is a rare type of nail fragility syndrome, characterized by a longitudinal fissure involving the entire thickness of the nail plate. Longitudinal nail splitting may be caused by direct injury to the nail plate or matrix insult. Few articles have been published on the topic, most were related to the traumatic aetiology. Some case reports mention tumours and inflammatory disorders as other causes.Objectives and MethodsThe aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the clinical and histopathological features of 56 SN collected at the nail consultation of the dermatology department at Saint Pierre University Hospital in Brussels, between 1997 and 2019.ResultsFifty‐six patients were included (34 women and 22 men) with median age of 44.2 years. The fingernails were 3.2 times more frequently affected than toenails, especially the thumb. The most frequent aetiologies were tumours (45.6%), inflammatory diseases (26.3%) and traumas (19.3%). Congenital (5.3%) and systemic disorders (3.5%) were rarer causes. Histopathological slide review confirmed that alteration of the nail matrix integrity causes split nail, resulting either from matrix stretching by an underlying tumour or from impairment of the keratinization process by inflammatory diseases, melanocytic tumours and Bowen's disease.ConclusionsThis study is the largest case series of longitudinal nail splitting to date. It is the first to gather nail disorders causing SN with their clinical pathological correlation. The most common causes are traumatisms, tumours and inflammatory disorders. Congenital and systemic disorders are rarer. Tumours are responsible for half of the cases from which one third are malignant, mainly melanoma. When facing a monodactylic SN, benign as well as malignant tumours should be ruled out before concluding to traumatic aetiology.
Improving providers' survival estimates and selection of prognosis‐ and guidelines‐appropriate treatment for patients with symptomatic bone metastases: Development of the Bone Metastases Ensemble Trees for Survival Decision Support Platform
Authors: Alcorn Sara R. , Elledge Christen R. , LaVigne Anna W. , Kleinberg Lawrence , Smith Thomas J. , Levin Adam S. , Fiksel Jacob , Zeger Scott , McNutt Todd , DeWeese Theodore L. , Wright Jean L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRationale, Aims and ObjectivesIn the management of symptomatic bone metastases, current practice guidelines do not provide clear methodology for selecting palliative radiotherapy (RT) regimens based on specific patient and disease features. Decision support aids may offer an effective means for translating the complex data needed to render individualised treatment decisions, yet no such tools are available for use in this setting. Thus, we describe the development of the Bone Metastases Ensemble Trees for Survival‐Decision Support Platform (BMETS‐DSP), which aims to optimise selection of evidence‐based, individualised palliative RT regimens.MethodThe Ottawa Decision Support Framework was used as the theoretical basis for development of BMETS‐DSP. First, we utilised stakeholder input and review of the literature to assess determinants underlying the provider decision. Based on this assessment and iterative stakeholder feedback, we developed the web‐based, provider‐facing BMETS‐DSP. Consistent with the underlying theoretical framework, our design also included assessment of decision quality using the International Patient Decision Aids Standards (IPDAS) certification checklist.ResultsStakeholder input and review of 54 evidence‐based publications identified the following determinants of the provider decision: estimated prognosis, characteristics of the target symptomatic lesion and the primary cancer type, consideration of alternative interventions, access to patient‐specific recommendations, and patient preferences. Based on these determinants, we developed the BMETS‐DSP that (1) collects patient‐specific data, (2) displays an individualised predicted survival curve, and (3) provides case‐specific, evidence‐based recommendations regarding RT, open surgery, systemic therapy, and hospice referral to aid in the decision‐making process. The finalised tool met IPDAS quality requirements. Preliminary results of a pilot assessment suggest impact of clinical outcomes.ConclusionsWe describe the successful development of a provider‐facing decision support platform to aid in the provision of palliative RT in better alignment with patient and disease features. Impact of the BMETS‐DSP on decision outcomes will be further assessed in a randomised, controlled study.
Circadian clock in plants: Linking timing to fitness
Authors: Xu Xiaodong , Yuan Li , Yang Xin , Zhang Xiao , Wang Lei , Xie Qiguang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEndogenous circadian clock integrates cyclic signals of environment and daily and seasonal behaviors of organisms to achieve spatiotemporal synchronization, which greatly improves genetic diversity and fitness of species. This review addresses recent studies on the plant circadian system in the field of chronobiology, covering topics on molecular mechanisms, internal and external Zeitgebers, and hierarchical regulation of physiological outputs. The architecture of the circadian clock involves the autoregulatory transcriptional feedback loops, post‐translational modifications of core oscillators, and epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones. Here, light, temperature, humidity, and internal elemental nutrients are summarized to illustrate the sensitivity of the circadian clock to timing cues. In addition, the circadian clock runs cell‐autonomously, driving independent circadian rhythms in various tissues. The core oscillators responds to each other with biochemical factors including calcium ions, mineral nutrients, photosynthetic products, and hormones. We describe clock components sequentially expressed during a 24‐h day that regulate rhythmic growth, aging, immune response, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Notably, more data have suggested the circadian clock links chrono‐culture to key agronomic traits in crops.
ENETS standardized (synoptic) reporting for neuroendocrine tumour pathology
Authors: van Velthuysen Marie‐Louise F. , Couvelard Anne , Rindi Guido , Fazio Nicola , Hörsch Dieter , Nieveen van Dijkum Els J. , Klöppel Günter , Perren Aurel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn recent years the WHO classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) has evolved. Nomenclature as well as thresholds for grading have changed leading to potential confusion and lack of comparability of tumour reports. Therefore, the European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society (ENETS) has set‐up an interdisciplinary working group to develop templates for a pathology data set for standardised reporting of NEN. Experts of various disciplines, members of the ENETS Advisory Board, formed a taskforce that discussed and decided on the structure, content and the number of templates needed for reporting the most common NEN. The selection of the required items was based on the WHO classification of digestive system tumours, the WHO classification of tumours of the lung and mediastinum and on “ENETS standard of care” reports. The final proposal of the working group was approved by the ENETS Advisory Board. Templates for synoptic reporting were created for the seven most common NEN primary sites, that is, stomach, duodenum, jejunum‐ileum, appendix, colon‐rectum, pancreas, lung and mediastinum. In addition, a general template for reporting biopsies was designed. The templates allow the recording of the essential items on differentiation, proliferation (Ki‐67 and mitosis), neuroendocrine features (positivity for chromogranin A and synaptophysin) and stage as well as several optional markers especially helpful for the distinction of neuroendocrine tumours (NET) from neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC). In summary, this paper presents the content and development of synoptic reports for most sites of NEN by a multidisciplinary team of international experts in the field, which could help to improve unambiguous reporting of NEN.
The health of mothers of adult children with serious conditions
Authors: Cha Hyungmin , Crosnoe Robert 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the association between parenting adult children with serious conditions and mothers' midlife health in the United States.BackgroundThe literature about the link between the parenting status of having an adult child with a serious condition and maternal wellbeing can be advanced by systematic analysis of the cumulative role that this parenting status can play in maternal health over the life course as opposed to at any one point.MethodsPropensity score reweighting models of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1979 and its linked child and young adult data estimated disparities in midlife health among mothers of adult children with serious conditions (disabilities, developmental disorders, chronic diseases) and mothers of typically developing children, including examining variation by how long mothers had been in this parenting role and moderation by maternal education and marital status.ResultsMothers of young adult children with serious conditions had poorer physical (but not mental) health at midlife than other mothers, especially when more years had elapsed since the child was diagnosed with or developed the condition. These patterns did not differ by maternal education and marital status.ConclusionThe dynamics of epidemiological risk and protection among parents of children with serious conditions were temporally situated in the maternal life course but were consistent across different segments of the maternal population.
Sleep, substance misuse and addictions: a nationwide observational survey on smoking, alcohol, cannabis and sleep in 12,637 adults
Authors: Leger Damien , Andler Raphaël , Richard Jean‐Baptiste , Nguyen‐Thanh Viêt , Collin Olivier , Chennaoui Mounir , Metlaine Arnaud 
Published: January 2022

SummaryFor a good night’s sleep, we consensually recommend avoiding alcohol, smoking and drugs. However, these addictions are highly prevalent in the general population, and it is difficult to estimate their real impact on sleep. The aim of this study is to clarify the association between sleep habits and disorders, and addictions. The design was a telephone crossover national recurrent health poll survey (Santé publique France, Baromètre santé, 2017; Questionnaire, pp. 53; Saint Maurice) in a representative sample of French adults. There were 12,367 subjects (18–75 years old) who answered the survey. Sleep log items assessed sleep schedules (total sleep time) on work and leisure days: at night, while napping, and over 24 hr using a sleep log. Retained items include: (1) short sleep (≤ 6 hr/24 hr); (2) chronic insomnia (International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 3rd edition criteria); and (3) chronotype (evening–morning–neutral). Psychoactive substances retained included tobacco (current or former users), alcohol (daily consumption and weekly binge drinking), cannabis (Cannabis Abuse Screening Test), and other drugs (consumption during the past year). We found that: (1) daily smokers (lightly or heavily dependent) were more frequently short sleepers than occasional smokers and non‐smokers; (2) heavily dependent daily smokers were more likely to suffer from insomnia than other smokers or non‐smokers; (3) short sleep and insomnia were not significantly associated with the consumption of alcohol, cannabis or any other drug; (4) the evening chronotype was significantly associated with the consumption of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis. In conclusion, our study highlights significant relationships between the use of psychoactive substances and sleep characteristics among adults, emphasizing the need to take into account each subject individually.
Effect of sampling site on the diagnosis of canine parvovirus infection in dogs using polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Segev Gilad , Yaaran Tal , Maurice Sarah , Baneth Gad 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAccurate diagnosis is imperative in dogs with clinical signs of parvovirus infection (CPV‐2).ObjectivesTo assess quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) for the diagnosis of CPV‐2 infection, and determine the optimal sampling site. Secondarily, to compare qRT‐PCR with a point‐of‐care PCR kit (PCRun), and to assess sensitivity of serology for CPV diagnosis.AnimalsSixty dogs with naturally acquired parvovirus infection, 44 unvaccinated puppies, of which 16 were followed after first and second vaccination, 15 adult dogs, of which 10 were followed also after a booster vaccine, and 9 dogs with distemper virus infection.MethodsProspective study. Samples from the rectum, blood, and pharynx were obtained for PCR.ResultsAll dogs with a clinical diagnosis of parvovirus infection were positive by qRT‐PCR in at least 1 sampling site (ie, rectum, blood, pharynx), and 50 (83%) of 60 were positive in all sites. qRT‐PCR was negative in 67 (99%) of 68 healthy puppies (before‐vaccination), puppies with distemper, and healthy adult dogs. Ten days after initial vaccination of puppies, 62% (fecal), 31% (blood), and 12% (pharyngeal) of samples were positive for CPV‐2 on qRT‐PCR. The proportion of positive pharyngeal samples decreased 20 days after vaccination and all sites were negative 12‐28 days after second vaccination. Vaccinated adults were negative before and after booster vaccination.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceMolecular detection of CPV is sensitive, but specificity is hampered temporarily during the vaccination period. Blood, feces, and pharynx are suitable sampling sites. Fecal samples had the lowest sensitivity in sick dogs and highest positivity in puppies after vaccination.
An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of paediatric cardiology trainee experiences during COVID‐19
Authors: Quyam Sadia , Abumehdi Mohammad 
Published: January 2022

AbstractContextMedical training during the COVID‐19 pandemic has placed extra‐ordinary demands on individuals within a context of rapid and iterative systems changes. The contemporaneous lived experience of trainees during this time has mainly been examined with surveys. Our study aims to provide a rich account of the experience of being a trainee during the pandemic to deepen our conceptual understanding of wellness. This holds relevance as we move away from examining the immediate innovations of the pandemic and towards long‐term adjustments.MethodsWe used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to explore the experiences of trainees in paediatric cardiology during the pandemic. Five trainees were purposively recruited. Initial semi‐structured interviews were held during the first wave of the pandemic with follow‐up interviews held during the second wave.ResultsThree superordinate paradoxical themes were recognised in the data: connectedness and isolation, disruption and stasis and vulnerability and strength.DiscussionDisruption to routine activities of service delivery, training and home‐life pervaded the pandemic and was experienced as stasis. Technology maintained the trainee's connection to the content of work but left them feeling isolated from its context. Vulnerability arose from interplay between illness, uncertainty and perception of risk, contrasted against strength drawn from compassion and the discovery of resilience. Supporting trainees as we emerge from the initial phase of the pandemic requires us to review how we understand and address wellness, including the contribution of organisational and systemic factors to its protection. Participants described varying states of impaired wellness and experienced a normalisation of aspects of vulnerability. We theorise that trainees were able to find opportunities for growth and the development of resilience within the space that this created.
Learning to Perceive: Grace and the Emotional Conundrum of Disability
Authors: Maican Petre 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhen persons with disabilities enter a room, they frequently elicit strong emotional reactions from their non‐disabled peers. These reactions are well known in disability studies and often they are blamed for the difficulty of integrating persons with disabilities into communities. Theologians have interpreted this emotional shock as proof that persons with disabilities are revelatory of God’s grace because they shatter our idolatrous anthropologies and socio‐political constructs. What has been discussed less is why everybody does not recognize this presence of grace in persons with disabilities, nor how those who experience negative feelings such as anger or disgust could overcome them. This article addresses these questions by appealing to the Eastern Orthodox ascetic tradition, where the grace of God becomes visible for those who learn to control their emotions and purify their sight from self‐interest.