bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ester-based Dielectric Fluid for Power Transformers: Design and Test Experience under the GreenEst Project
Authors: Carvalhosa Salvador , Leite Helder , Soares Mário , Branco Fábio , Sá Carlos A. , Lopes Ricardo Castro , Santo Joáo Espírito 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ester-based dielectric fluids have now been on the market for several decades, providing fire-safe and environmentally friendly alternatives to mineral oils, which have traditionally been used in transformers and other electrical equipment. This opens the door to innovation in power transformers. However, the use of esters-based dielectrics in power transformers is still very limited, especially for the higher voltage levels. The usage of these esters-based dielectrics in higher voltage power transformers is not yet consensual. this work present results with the use of natural esters in power distribution transformers. Tests carried out on mineral oil and natural ester oil found that the ester-based dielectric can withstand higher voltage thresholds for AC and Impulses tests, mainly within the specs of destructive tests, e.g., the natural ester was able to withstand a 185kV impulse without registering dielectric rupture while the natural oil registered a dielectric rupture with a 160kV impulse. Heating and mechanical tests demonstrated that ester-based dielectric oils for power transformers lead to a flow reduction between 16,8% and 18,2% in the cooling system that was design for mineral oils but they achieve a higher heat transfer coefficient, between 0,5% to 5% depending on the location of measurement.
Design Optimization Method and Performance Analysis of 90MW Grid-Connected Solar PV system in Cambodia
Authors: Sok Mean , Tao Hai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Large-scale PV plants have the ability to make the curtailment of cost per watt of the normal power installed. This article describes a new technique for computing the optimal contour of large PV plants. Massive infiltration of renewable energy sources is increasing because of the awareness created on environmental issues and electric power deregulation. A PV system is a renewable energy source that establishes a future sustainability in power distribution. The technical specifications details are provided by solar irradiation and performance ratio. High accuracy of energy generation followed in computations in the proposed system. The high-accuracy feature is validated using experimental data of the 90MW PV plant in Cambodia. The results obtained show that the optimisation method can lead to a reduced cost of energy generated. This enables the maximisation of the benefit obtained on the operational life period of the PV module. The model’s accuracy depends on a hierarchical structure level model, model measurement accuracy, model identification, structure accuracy, measurement accuracy, simulator algorithms metrics, and the accuracy of the calibration parameter. The paper is built based on the physical ranking of the PV power model structure, making the system a high-fidelity model.
Research on Motion Path Planning Method of Live Working Robot Manipulator Based on Reverse Splitting Calculation
Authors: Liu Zhe , Pan Aiqiang , Jiang Anfeng , Li Wenhe , Zhang Jiawei , Bai Chengchao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the dual manipulator motion planning of live working robot, the traditional motion planning algorithm has the problems of too many turning points and non-smoothness. Therefore, this paper proposes a method of reverse splitting and local interpolation to remove redundant path nodes and optimize the motion trajectory. The working scene of overhead distribution line live working robot is simulated in MATLAB robot toolbox. The model includes manipulator R, manipulator L and overhead conductor to verify the effect of the method proposed in this paper. The results show that, the proposed method ensures that the redundant path nodes are removed on the premise of no collision between the two manipulators, which significantly improves the quality of the path.
Mechanical design of a passive lower-limb exoskeleton for load-carrying assistance
Authors: Liu J H , Li B , Ning Q , Zhou M , Li Y X , Liu M C , Xu K 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a passive exoskeleton with 17 degrees-of-freedom (DOF) for load-carrying, which includes two 3DOFs ankle joint, two 2DOFs hip joint, two 1DOF knee joint, one 1DOF backpack, and two redundant DOFs at the thigh and shank, respectively, to improve the compatibility of human-machine locomotion. The modular backpack was designed to facilitate carrying of different loads. A horn-shaped spatial mechanism was designed to connect the hip joint and the backpack, and transfer the payload to the ground. A tension spring was adopted to absorb the gravitational potential energy of the load when walking, and fix the horn-shaped spatial mechanism at both sides. The segmented brace at the thigh and the shank were designed to adjust different legs. In order to improve the force transmission performance, we cancelled the extension DOF of the hip joint, and moved the rotation axis of the knee joint backward. The knee joint assistance mechanism was designed to allow the knee joint move freely when the flexion angle did not exceed 60°. However, when the knee bends over 60°, the knee joint presses the torsion spring to store energy. After then, it releases energy to assist knee extending. The Cooper-Harper scale tests demonstrated that the exoskeleton had excellent static support effect and movement flexibility, which verified the rationality of the exoskeleton design.
A proposed high voltage distribution system for Mu2e electron tracker
Authors: Ahmed W. , Hungerford Ed. , MukeherJee A. , Russu V. , Tschirhart R. , Yucel M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper reports on the design and construction of a High Voltage Distribution System (HVDS) for a “Smart Switch” developed to provide high voltage (HV) to a series of stacked straw detector planes in the Mu2e Electron Tracking Detector (ETD). Each plane is composed of three 120 deg. Crescent-shaped panels, and each panel is composed of 96 straw tubes. The HVDS provides HV on-off, current monitoring, recording, and crowbar for over-current protection. The inter-communication system is based on TCP/IP. The HVDS supplies HV with long term stability, and accurately monitors the applied voltage and currents.
Spatial patterns and drivers for wildfire ignitions in California
Authors: Chen Bin , Jin Yufang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As a key component of wildfire activities, ignition is regulated by complex interactions among climate, fuel, topography, and humans. Considerable studies have advanced our knowledge on patterns and drivers of total areas burned and fire frequency, but much is less known about wildfire ignition. To better design effective fire prevention and management strategies, it is critical to understand contemporary ignition patterns and predict the probability of wildfire ignitions from different sources. We here modeled and analyzed human- and lightning-caused ignition probability across the whole state and sub-ecoregions of California, USA. We developed maximum entropy models to estimate wildfire ignition probability and understand the complex impacts of anthropogenic and biophysical drivers, based on a historical ignition database. The models captured well the spatial patterns of human and lightning started wildfire ignitions in California. The human-caused ignitions dominated the areas closer to populated regions and along the traffic corridors. Model diagnosis showed that precipitation, slope, human settlement, and road network shaped the statewide spatial distribution of human-started ignitions. In contrast, the lightning-caused ignitions were distributed more remotely in Sierra Nevada and North Interior, with snow water equivalent, lightning strike density, and fuel amount as primary drivers. Separate region-specific model results further revealed the difference in the relative importance of the key drivers among different sub-ecoregions. Model predictions suggested spatially heterogeneous decadal changes and an overall slight decrease in ignition probability between circa 2000 and 2010. Our findings reinforced the importance of varying humans vs biophysical controls in different fire regimes, highlighting the need for locally optimized land management to reduce ignition probability.
All-optical investigations of intense femtosecond pulse ionization in transparent dielectrics with applications
Authors: Sahoo Anubhab , Rajeev P P , Krishnan Sivarama 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Large bandgap optical media are transparent to near-infrared (NIR) and optical light pulses in the linear regime. However, at sufficiently high intensities, in their interaction with femtosecond (fs) laser pulses, nonlinear absorption takes place by multi-photon processes as well as field-assisted processes such as tunnel- and collisional-ionization. Their transparency to NIR and optical fs pulses enables in situ studies of nonlinear photoionization inside these media by all-optical transmission measurements. These measurements in tandem with suitable phenomenological models have paved the way towards a deeper understanding of dynamical processes. The ensuing dynamics can be categorized into two timescales: the first is a long pulse regime, for temporal duration τ

p
,

τ

p

>
100

f
s

, where laser driven electrons in these media gain sufficient kinetic energies by mechanisms such as inverse bremsstrahlung leading to electron avalanches. In the short pulse regime,

τ

p

<
100

f
s

, these electrons are excited to the conduction band by multiphoton absorption. In this article we present a perspective of the current status of research as well as results from our investigations. Not only do these studies provide facile means to study intriguing nonlinear photoionization processes, but they also probe these systems in a regime of intensities and pulse widths where micro- and nano-structuring as well as processing of materials by fs pulses are often realized. Further, these methods compliment research on coherent processes such as the generation of high-order harmonics and attosecond pulses in condensed phase media.
Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease Associated With Orthostatic Hypotensive Stress: A Community-Based Korean Study
Authors: Ko Hyun-Lee , Min Hyang-Ki , Lee Sung-Woo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
The relationship between orthostatic blood pressure (BP) changes and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been explored in Asian populations.

Methods
We reviewed the data of 7,039 participants from the Ansung-Ansan cohort study. BP was measured in the supine position and 2 minutes after standing. The change in BP from the supine to upright position was defined as orthostatic BP change. Orthostatic systolic BP (SBP) decline was defined as an orthostatic SBP change of &lt;−2 mm Hg. The primary outcome was the development of CKD, defined as the first event of an estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m2 at least twice during the follow-up period.

Results
Of 7,039 participants, 949 (13.5 %) developed incident CKD over a mean of 11.9 years. Although orthostatic diastolic BP change was not associated with incident CKD, every 1 mm Hg increase in orthostatic SBP change was associated with a decreased risk of incident CKD (HR, 0.989; 95% CI, 0.982–0.995; P = 0.001). Orthostatic SBP decline was associated with an increased risk of incident CKD (HR, 1.337; 95% CI, 1.163–1.537; P &lt; 0.001). Older age and diabetes were associated with increased odds of orthostatic SBP decline, whereas male sex and high body mass index were associated with decreased odds of orthostatic SBP decline. Subgroup analysis revealed that orthostatic SBP decline was associated with incident CKD only in non-diabetic participants.

Conclusions
Orthostatic SBP decline was independently associated with an increased risk of future incident CKD, whereas orthostatic DBP decline was not.
Daphnetin inhibits α-MSH-induced melanogenesis via PKA and ERK signaling pathways in B16F10 melanoma cells
Authors: Nam Garam , An Sung Kwan , Park In-Chul , Bae Seunghee , Lee Jae Ho 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Daphnetin is a dehydroxylated derivative of coumarin isolated from Daphne species. However, the effect of daphnetin on melanogenesis has not been elucidated. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect of daphnetin on melanogenesis in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-treated B16F10 cells and its potential mechanism. Melanin content analysis and cellular tyrosinase activity assay showed that daphnetin inhibited melanin biosynthesis in α-MSH-treated B16F10 cells. Immunoblotting and qRT-PCR also indicated that daphnetin suppressed the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, a mastering transcription factor of melanogenesis and its downstream melanogenic enzymes including tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related proteins. Moreover, daphnetin downregulated the phosphorylation of PKA, ERK, MSK1, and CREB. Additionally, daphnetin inhibited melanin synthesis in UVB-irradiated HaCaT conditioned medium system suggesting that daphnetin has potential as an antipigmentation activity in a physiological skin condition. Our data propose that daphnetin inhibits melanogenesis via modulating both the PKA/CREB and the ERK/MSK1/CREB pathways.
Human lesions and animal studies link the claustrum to perception, salience, sleep and pain
Authors: Atilgan Huriye , Doody Max , Oliver David K. , McGrath Thomas M. , Shelton Andrew M. , Echeverria-Altuna Irene , Tracey Irene , Vyazovskiy Vladyslav V. , Manohar Sanjay G. , Packer Adam M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe claustrum is the most densely interconnected region in the human brain. Despite the accumulating data from clinical and experimental studies, the functional role of the claustrum remains unknown. Here, we systematically review claustrum lesion studies and discuss their functional implications. Claustral lesions are associated with an array of signs and symptoms, including changes in cognitive, perceptual and motor abilities; electrical activity; mental state; and sleep. The wide range of symptoms observed following claustral lesions do not provide compelling evidence to support prominent current theories of claustrum function such as multisensory integration or salience computation. Conversely, the lesions studies support the hypothesis that the claustrum regulates cortical excitability. We argue that the claustrum is connected to, or part of, multiple brain networks that perform both fundamental and higher cognitive functions. As a multifunctional node in numerous networks, this may explain the manifold effects of claustrum damage on brain and behaviour.
Capital, Technology, and Time
Authors: Harris Donald J 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper examines the substantive meaning and limitations of the concept of choice of technique, developed in the context of a test of logical consistency of the neoclassical parable concerning the relation between techniques of production and distribution of income in capitalist economies, and commonly used as a vehicle to support propositions about changes in technology. This concept is shown to rest on a foundation of logical time that is antithetical to a conception of historical time relevant to observed features of technological change. In this regard, it exposes a fundamental lacuna in the traditional neoclassical narrative and supporting theory related to the dual problems of agency and dynamics of the transition process involved in analysis of capital accumulation and technological change. There is room here for emerging alternative narratives to provide effective resolution of these problems.
Vergil ‘disrobed’: John Vicars’ ‘home-spun English gray-coat plain’ Aeneid (1632)
Authors: Braund Susanna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article puts the spotlight upon the neglected 1632 translation of the entire Aeneid by the poet, puritan, and parliamentarian John Vicars, which, as the first complete translation of the Aeneid by an Englishman, should be more prominent in literary history. The article’s central argument is that the neglect of Vicars’ translation was, both at the time and thereafter, a manifestation of the class warfare that has long pervaded English society. This argument complements the view expressed by other scholars that the dismissal of Vicars was grounded in his radical puritanism and anti-Catholicism. The article analyses the paratextual materials that introduce the translation, including the dedicatory epistle, the address to the reader, and the poems of endorsement, as well as the poem itself, for signs of class struggle. By offering a close textual analysis, it argues that it is far from obvious that the quality of Vicars’ version is inferior. It concludes that the patent early hostility towards Vicars is more closely related to the person of the translator than the qualities of the translation; specifically, it attributes the failure of Vicars’ translation to dislike for the translator’s extremely humble origins, alongside his unfashionable religious and political views.
The puzzle of Valerii Briusov’s Aeneid
Authors: Martirosova Torlone Zara 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The translation of the Aeneid by a leading Symbolist poet Valerii Briusov, on which he worked most of his life, failed to gain favor with Russian readers because of its literalism. Combining various theoretical approaches with a close analysis of the text this essay explores why Briusov’s translation failed in the context of the cultural and aesthetic demands of the era in which it was composed.
Extra food provisioning does not affect behavioral lateralization in nestling lesser kestrels
Authors: Soravia Camilla , Bisazza Angelo , Cecere Jacopo G , Rubolini Diego 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCosts and benefits of brain lateralization may depend on environmental conditions. Growing evidence indicates that the development of brain functional asymmetries is adaptively shaped by the environmental conditions experienced during early life. Food availability early in life could act as a proxy of the environmental conditions encountered during adulthood, but its potential modulatory effect on lateralization has received little attention. We increased food supply from egg laying to early nestling rearing in a wild population of lesser kestrels Falco naumanni, a sexually dimorphic raptor, and quantified the lateralization of preening behavior (head turning direction). As more lateralized individuals may perform better in highly competitive contexts, we expected that extra food provisioning, by reducing the level of intra-brood competition for food, would reduce the strength of lateralization. We found that extra food provisioning improved nestling growth, but it did not significantly affect the strength or direction of nestling lateralization. In addition, maternal body condition did not explain variation in nestling lateralization. Independently of extra food provisioning, the direction of lateralization differed between the sexes, with female nestlings turning more often toward their right. Our findings indicate that early food availability does not modulate behavioral lateralization in a motor task, suggesting limited phenotypic plasticity in this trait.
The role of cardiac computed tomography in sports cardiology: back to the future!
Authors: D’Ascenzi Flavio , Baggiano Andrea , Cavigli Luna , Mandoli Giulia Elena , Andreini Daniele , Marallo Carmine , Valente Serafina , Focardi Marta , Cameli Matteo , Pontone Gianluca 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the role of pre-participation evaluation (PPE) in the prevention of sudden cardiac death in competitive athletes has become evident. Most physicians routinely supplement assessment by resting electrocardiogram with imaging techniques, such as echocardiography. The primary goal of imaging in the clinical assessment of competitive athletes is to exclude cardiovascular conditions associated with adverse outcomes. Cardiac computed tomography is emerging as an important technique for stratifying cardiovascular risk and assessing coronary artery disease (CAD), particularly in master athletes. Conversely, in young athletes, this technique has the best non-invasive coronary artery resolution and provides valuable details on coronary artery anatomy. Recent technical developments have brought about a dramatic reduction in radiation exposure, a major drawback of this diagnostic method; nowadays cardiac computed tomography may be performed at a dose of barely one millisievert. The present review provides a practical guide for the use of cardiac computed tomography in the PPE of competitive athletes, with a specific focus on its value for detecting congenital coronary anomalies and CAD in young and master athletes, respectively.
Discovery by metagenomics of a functional tandem repeat sequence that controls gene expression in bacteria
Authors: Suenaga Hikaru , Matsuzawa Tomohiko , Sahara Takehiko 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The ability to degrade exogenous compounds is acquired by adaptive processes of microorganisms when they are exposed to compounds that are foreign to their existing enzyme systems. Previously, we reported that simultaneous point mutations and mobile genetic elements cause the evolution and optimization of the degradation systems for aromatic compounds. In the present study, we propose another element with this role—tandem repeats. The novel metagenomic tandem repeat (MTR) sequence T(G/A)ACATG(A/C)T was identified in the 5′-untranslated regions of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O)-encoding genes by metagenomic analysis. Recombinant Escherichia coli carrying a C23O gene with various numbers of MTRs exhibited increased C23O protein expression and enzyme activity compared with cells expressing the C23O gene without MTRs. Real-time reverse transcription PCR showed that changes in the numbers of MTRs affected the levels of detectable C23O mRNA in the E. coli host. Furthermore, the mRNAs transcribed from C23O genes containing various numbers of MTRs had longer half-lives than those transcribed from a C23O gene without MTRs. Thus, MTRs would affect the translation efficiency of the gene expression system. MTRs may change the expression levels of their downstream genes for adaptation to a fluctuating environment.