bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Service user perspectives on engagement in an occupational therapy-led pulmonary rehabilitation programme: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Bradley Gemma , Rooney Leigh , Whitehead Phillip J 
Published: June 2022

Introduction Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an intervention for people with chronic respiratory conditions. There are questions about which components are important to its success, including the nature of occupational therapy involvement. The aim of this research was to explore the experiences of people who had attended an occupational therapy-led PR programme in the United Kingdom to determine the most important components. Method Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with service users who had experience of a community-based PR programme. Interviews were transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using the framework analysis method with three researchers contributing to the analysis. Findings Nine people took part in the interviews, with a mean age of 72 years. Four themes were identified which were organised around the concepts of Doing, Being, Becoming Belonging. These were ‘Doing exercise and physical activity’, ‘being breathless’, ‘belonging as an individual within the group’ and ‘becoming a person who lives with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease’. Conclusion Doing physical activity, whilst coping with being breathless and belonging as an individual within a group can positively influence experiences and perceived outcomes during and after PR. These dimensions have the potential to shape occupation-focussed PR programmes and the occupational therapy contribution in this area of practice.
Identification of driving forces for windbreak and sand fixation services in semiarid and arid areas: A case of Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Cui Lihan , Shen Zhen , Liu Yuexin , Yu Chaoyue , Lu Qingling , Zhang Zhonghao , Gao Yang , Nie Tiantian 
Published: June 2022

Soil wind erosion is a global problem that leads to increasingly serious regional land degradation, where the need for windbreak and sand fixation services (WSFS) is substantial. Inner Mongolia plays an important role in global semiarid and arid areas and the severe land degradation resulting from soil wind erosion warrants an urgent solution. However, the mechanism of influence of various driving factors on windbreak and sand fixation services is still not fully studied. In this paper, the revised wind erosion equation (RWEQ) model was used to synthesize the monthly spatiotemporal dynamics of soil wind erosion modulus (SWEM) and WSFS in Inner Mongolia from January 2000 to February 2020 from a semi-monthly scale. The influencing factors of WSFS were examined from both natural and anthropogenic aspects. Results show that over the past 20 years, the average SWEM in Inner Mongolia was 118.06 t ha−1 yr−1, the areas with severe wind erosion were mainly concentrated in the desert areas in the southwest of Inner Mongolia, and the forests in the northeast suffered less soil wind erosion. Meanwhile, the average WSFS was 181.11 × 108 t yr−1, with the high-value areas mainly located in major deserts, sandy land, and the area bordering Mongolia in the north and the low-value areas mainly located in the densely forested northeast and the Gobi Desert in the northwest. Both SWEM and WSFS showed a clear downward trend and a certain periodicity over the past 20 years. WSFS showed two peaks a year (April and October). Among the natural factors, precipitation and NDVI showed a significant correlation with WSFS and were identified as the main driving factors of WSFS, whereas temperature had no significant correlation. Among the anthropogenic factors, farming and animal husbandry intensity and GDP showed a positive correlation with WSFS, whereas population showed a negative correlation. These four types of factors were identified as socio-economic factors that drive WSFS. Meanwhile, WSFS did not show any significant correlation with the administrative area. Land use change contributed to a large proportion of WSFS change, thereby suggesting that the intensity of human activities is another central driver of WSFS.
Kidney thrombotic microangiopathy in lupus nephritis: Impact on treatment and prognosis
Authors: Massicotte-Azarniouch David , Kotzen Elizabeth , Todd Sarah , Hu Yichun , Hogan Susan L. , Jain Koyal 
Published: June 2022

Introduction Lupus nephritis (LN) may present with thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) on kidney biopsy, the impact of which on outcomes is unclear. This study examined the prognostic importance of LN with TMA on kidney biopsy, including response to therapy and long-term outcomes. Methods We conducted a single-center, retrospective study of all cases of LN with concomitant TMA on kidney biopsy in the Glomerular Disease Collaborative Network database. Controls were individuals with LN without TMA matched to cases based on demographic and clinical variables. Outcomes were remission at 6- and 12-months, end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and death. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to ascertain the risks for outcomes, with adjustment for serum creatinine and proteinuria. Results There were 17 cases and 28 controls. Cases had higher creatinine, higher proteinuria and greater chronicity on biopsy at baseline compared to controls. The rates of remission at 6-months and 12-months were similar between cases and controls (6-months 53.9% vs 46.4%, adjusted OR 2.54, 95% CI 0.48, 13.37; 12-months 53.9% vs 50.0%, adjusted OR 2.95, 95% CI 0.44, 19.78). Cases were at greater risk for ESKD in univariate analysis (HR 3.77; 95% CI 1.24, 11.41) but not when adjusting for serum creatinine and proteinuria (HR 2.20; 95% CI 0.63, 7.71). There was no significant difference in the risk of death between cases and controls. Conclusion Lupus nephritis with renal TMA likely responds to therapy similarly to those without TMA; risk for ESKD is not significantly increased, although the influence of renal function and proteinuria in larger samples is needed.
Predischarge Transcutaneous Bilirubin and Total Serum Bilirubin in Predicting Readmission Due to Significant Hyperbilirubinemia in Near-Term and Term Neonates
Authors: Abuzaid Alaa , James Jemila , Alkhalfan Fahad , Hasan Isa 
Published: June 2022

Background: Prevention of bilirubin encephalopathy in healthy near-term and term neonates is the primary focus of newborn care. This study aims to assess the predictive accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) and total serum bilirubin (TSB) measured before discharge for subsequent readmission because of significant hyperbilirubinemia in near-term and term neonates during the first postnatal week and to analyze the risk factors associated with readmission because of significant hyperbilirubinemia. Methods: TcB with BiliChek device and TSB measurements with bilirubinometer were obtained prior to discharge in all healthy near-term and term neonates delivered and admitted in the postnatal wards during the study period. Postnatal age (in hours) was recorded during bilirubin measurement. Results: The predictive ability of predischarge TcB measurement for the optimum cutoff of 104 µmol/L derived from the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve has a negative predictive value of 99.3% with a negative likelihood ratio (LR) of 0.15 and sensitivity of 91.7%, whereas the predictive ability of predischarge TSB measurement for the optimum cutoff of 109 µmol/L derived from the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve has 100% sensitivity and 100% negative predictive value with a negative LR of 0.0 for no readmission because of significant hyperbilirubinemia. The predischarge TSB level of those readmitted neonates had a very high odds for high-risk zone [OR (95% CI) 358.4 (96.39, 1332.59)] and 7.8 folds higher odds for intermediate-risk zone compared to those neonates who did not require readmission in Bhutani’s predischarge nomogram. Conclusion: The result of our study showed that both TcB obtained by using BiliChek device and TSB measurements obtained by bilirubinometer for the optimum cutoffs of 104 µmol/L and 109 µmol/L, respectively, and with negative LR of 0.15 and 0.0, respectively, can be used as a safe predischarge tool for no readmission because of significant hyperbilirubinemia after 24 h of postnatal age. The existing Bhutani’s predischarge nomogram for predicting significant hyperbilirubinemia should be an additional screening tool to reduce the rate of subsequent readmission because of hyperbilirubinemia.
Hyperglycemia Post-Influenza Vaccine in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Hulsizer Abigail L. , Witte Amy P. , Attridge Rebecca L. , Urteaga Elizabeth M. 
Published: June 2022

Background There are more than 350 reports of hyperglycemia post-influenza vaccine according to the Vaccine Adverse Effect Reporting System. Only one case report has been published detailing unusual post-vaccination hyperglycemia. The mechanism as to why hyperglycemia may occur post-vaccination has not been fully elucidated. Objective Primary: To identify hyperglycemia within the first 24 hours of influenza vaccine. Secondary: To identify transient property of hyperglycemia within 4 days after vaccine. Methods Multicenter prospective cohort study. Recruitment conducted throughout San Antonio, Texas, during 2018-2020 influenza seasons. Patients were included if 18 years or older, had diabetes mellitus, and currently checking their blood glucose daily. Patients excluded if they had a recent medication change that would effect their blood glucose readings. Patients had hemoglobin A1c and blood glucose measured prior to vaccination with a single dose (0.5 mL) of the tri-valent influenza vaccine intramuscularly. Glucose readings were collected within 24 hours post-vaccination and subsequent mornings for 4 days. Results A total of 34 patients were included. Average patient age was 75 years with 60% white, 30% black, and 10% Hispanic. Median fasting glucose pre-vaccination was significantly lower than the median value 0 to 24 hours post-vaccination (140 vs 203 mg/dL, P < 0.0001). Conclusion and Relevance Hyperglycemia was noted 0 to 24 hours post-vaccination and was transient in nature with a return to baseline by post-vaccination day 2. This trial was conducted to close a potential gap in counseling regarding the flu vaccine and decrease any potential concern surrounding the vaccine in patients with diabetes that could lead to reduced vaccination rates.
Radiofrequency Plantar Fascia Coblation With and Without Gastrocnemius Recession in the Management of Recalcitrant Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Koh Don Thong Siang , Yeo William , Koo Kevin Oon Thien , Singh Inderjeet Rikhraj , Yeo Nicholas Eng Meng 
Published: June 2022

Background: Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of plantar heel pain. Although most are self-limiting, recalcitrant conditions can be debilitating, significantly reducing patient’s quality of life. A myriad of surgical procedures are available for the treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis (RPF) with little consensus on best practice. This purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of radiofrequency coblation with and without gastrocnemius release on the surgical management of RPF. Methods: Between June 2013 and June 2019, a total of 128 patients with RPF and tight gastrocnemius were treated surgically. Presence of tight gastrocnemius was assessed clinically by a positive Silfverskiold test. Group A (n = 73) consisted of patients who underwent radiofrequency coblation alone; group B (n = 55) consisted of patients who underwent radiofrequency coblation and endoscopic gastrocnemius recession. The primary outcome measure was visual analog scale (VAS) score. Secondary outcome measures included (1) American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot score; (2) physical (PCS) and mental component summaries (MCS) of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey; (3) overall assessment of improvement, expectation fulfilment, and satisfaction; and (4) complication rates. Results: Both groups reported significant improvement in VAS, AOFAS, and PCS scores postoperatively at 6 and 24 months. Group B (radiofrequency coblation with gastrocnemius recession) was associated with better VAS at both 6 months (3.0 ± 2.9 vs 1.7 ± 2.6, P < .05) and 24 months postoperatively (1.9 ± 3.1 vs 0.8 ± 2.0, P < .05) compared with group A (radiofrequency coblation without gastrocnemius recession). At 24 months postoperatively, no differences were found in AOFAS, PCS, MCS scores, expectation fulfilment, or overall satisfaction. No wound complications were reported in either group. One patient (group B) has persistent symptoms consistent with tarsal tunnel syndrome. Conclusion: In this retrospective cohort comparative study, treatment of RPF with radiofrequency coblation alone was associated with slightly inferior results than radiofrequency coblation combined with endoscopic gastrocnemius recession in terms of pain relief without an increase in complication rates. However, at 2 years, we did not find a significant difference in other measures of outcome. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Life threatening hepatotoxicity induced by Nilotinib
Authors: Khelifa Latifa , Ben Amor Imen , Kassar Olfa , Mdhaffer Moez , Hdiji Sondes , Elloumi Moez 
Published: June 2022

Introduction Tyrosine kinase inhibitor had changed the prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and the overall survival had reached 95%. Unfortunately, adverse events (AEs) remain an obstacle to following successful treatment in CML impairing the quality of life and sometimes endangering the lives of patients. To this end, we show this clinical case to discuss strategies to deal with rare AEs in a way to preserve the patient's life and to maintain not only a good response to treatment but also confidence and compliance of the patient. Case report We report the case of a 57-year-old woman diagnosed with CML at the chronic phase who developed rare life-threatening hepatotoxicity (major cytolysis and prothrombin time fall) secondary to Nilotinib used as second-line treatment. This complication settled despite an optimal molecular response. Management and outcome We discuss below the follow-up and management in our center and according to the literature with more sophisticated pharmacological methods. Discussion Although we used to monitor disease molecular response to treatment, we need solutions and manuscripts for monitoring drug dose parameters to avoid unusual dangerous effects risking the patient life. We conclude that monitoring the disease as well as the treatment pharmacokinetics is mandatory to better carry on CML patients.
Repeated-Dose Toxicity, Biodistribution, and Shedding Assessments With a ChAd155 Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Candidate Evaluated in Rabbits and Rats
Authors: Stokes Alan H. , Planty Camille , Pion Johanne , Ancian Philippe , Rogue Alexandra , Bansard Carine , Silvano Jérémy , Papineau Dominique , Ben Abdeljelil Nawel , Maruggi Giulietta , Song Haifeng , Spickler Catherine , Blouin Karine , Dubois Guillaume , Rodriguez Luis-Alexander , Baumeister Judith , Steff Ann-Muriel , Destexhe Eric 
Published: June 2022

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in infants, and toddlers and vaccines are not yet available. A pediatric RSV vaccine (ChAd155-RSV) is being developed to protect infants against RSV disease. The ChAd155-RSV vaccine consists of a recombinant replication-deficient chimpanzee-derived adenovirus (ChAd) group C vector engineered to express the RSV antigens F, N, and M2-1. The local and systemic effects of three bi-weekly intramuscular injections of the ChAd155-RSV vaccine was tested in a repeated-dose toxicity study in rabbits. After three intramuscular doses, the ChAd155-RSV vaccine was considered well-tolerated. Changes due to the vaccine-elicited inflammatory reaction/immune response were observed along with transient decreases in platelet count without physiological consequences, already reported for other adenovirus-based vaccines. In addition, the biodistribution and shedding of ChAd155-RSV were also characterized in two studies in rats. The distribution and persistence of the ChAd155-RSV vaccine candidate was consistent with other similar adenovector-based vaccines, with quantifiable levels of ChAd155-RSV observed at the injection site (muscle) and the draining lymph nodes up to 69 days post administration. The shedding results demonstrated that ChAd155-RSV was generally not detectable in any secretions or excreta samples. In conclusion, the ChAd155-RSV vaccine was well-tolerated locally and systemically.
Effect of face mask on topographic corneal parameters in healthy individuals
Authors: Burgos-Blasco Barbara , Oribio-Quinto Carlos , Vidal-Villegas Beatriz , Ariño-Gutierrez Mayte , Benítez-del-Castillo Jose M. , Arriola-Villalobos Pedro 
Published: June 2022

Purpose To evaluate whether the use of masks has an effect on the measurement of corneal topographic parameters. Methods A study including healthy patients with no previous ocular diseases or surgeries was conducted. Corneal topography was evaluated with an elevation topography Pentacam Scheimpflug. Four measurements were taken: two measurements with face mask and another two measurements after 10 min without wearing the face mask. The following parameters were evaluated: anterior topographic flat meridian (K1), anterior topographic steepest meridian (K2), mean keratometry (Km) and maximum keratometric point (Kmax). Results Thirty-five eyes of thirty-five healthy individuals were included; with a mean age of 33.5 ± 13.8 years (range 24–66) and 26 (74%) being female. Mean time with face-mask was 3.8 ± 2.2 h (range 1–8). No differences in mean K1, K2, Km and Kmax with and without face-mask were noted (paired t-test, all, p > 0.05). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were excellent for all four analyzed parameters (ICC > 0.914), although they were lower when measurements with face-mask were considered. Conclusions Although tear film alterations with the use of face-mask have been described in the literature, no significant differences can be noted in topographic variables.
Retinal layer thinning as a biomarker of long-term disability progression in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Berek Klaus , Hegen Harald , Hocher Jakob , Auer Michael , Di Pauli Franziska , Krajnc Nik , Angermann Reinhard , Barket Robert , Zinganell Anne , Riedl Katharina , Deisenhammer Florian , Berger Thomas , Bsteh Gabriel 
Published: June 2022

Background: Peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and macular ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer thinning are markers of neuroaxonal degeneration in multiple sclerosis. Objective: We aimed to investigate the value of peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer thinning for prediction of long-term disability. Methods: This is a 6-year prospective longitudinal study on 93 multiple sclerosis patients. Optical coherence tomography scans were performed at baseline, after 1, 2 and 6 years. Primary endpoint was disability progression after 6 years, defined as expanded disability status scale worsening and/or cognitive deterioration. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to investigate the value of peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer to predict the primary endpoint. Results: A total of 57 (61.3%) patients had disability worsening, 40 (43.0%) expanded disability status scale worsening and 34 (36.6%) cognitive deterioration. Mean peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer baseline thickness were 93.0 and 75.2 µm, and mean annualised peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer thinning rates over 6 years were 1.3 and 1.6 µm, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed lower peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer baseline thickness and higher annualised thinning rates in patients with disability progression after 6 years. Effects were more pronounced for ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer and expanded disability status scale worsening than for peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer models and cognitive deterioration. Conclusion: Ganglion cell plus inner plexiform layer and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer measurements depict neurodegeneration and predict disability progression in multiple sclerosis.
The structure and property of polyacrylonitrile-based microfiltration membranes for oil-water emulsion separation
Authors: Wang Shuhua , Pang Mingke , Wen Zelin 
Published: June 2022

The polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based microfiltration membranes material was prepared used waste polyacrylonitrile fibers as the raw material. The PAN membranes have two different structure, the surface layer is finger pore structure, below layer is cavernous pore structure with the porosity is 85.92%. The PAN membrane shows super strong hydrophilicity (high water permeability) and ultra low adhesion of underwater oil (good oilresistance) under different pH values and different surfactants. The flux of PAN membranes is 1952.63 L•m−2• H−1 • bar−1, the oil retention ability is 99.14% when the film thickness was 100 μm, the PAN concentration was 7%, and the alkali treatment time was 1 h. The PAN membrane is an environmentally friendly material, have good application potential for oil-water emulsion separation and recycling of waste oil. Preparation of separation and filtration materials provides a good way to recycle waste PAN fibers and has potential practical value in oil-water separation field.
HbA1c Variability as an Independent Risk Factor for Microvascular Complications in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Mao Yuanjie , Zhong Wenjun 
Published: June 2022

Background: There are few studies on the role of long-term glycemic variability in complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study was aimed to investigate the associations of HbA1c variability represented by the coefficient of variation of HbA1c with incident microvascular complications in T1D by analyzing the data set from the DCCT/EDIC study. Methods: Patients (n = 1240) were divided into four groups by HbA1c variability quartiles. Incident microvascular complications were assessed for a duration of an average of 20.5 years. Multivariable models were performed to examine the associations between HbA1c variability and incident microvascular complications. Results: All incident microvascular complications were higher in the fourth quartile of the HbA1c variability group. After adjusting for clinical risk factors, HbA1c variability was positively associated with a higher risk of all diabetic microvascular complications ( P < .05). Specifically, it had 1.125 (1.082-1.170), 1.114 (1.074-1.154), 1.061 (1.024-1.099), or 1.088 (1.052-1.125) times higher odds (95% confidence interval [CI]) of having retinopathy, nephropathy, clinical neuropathy, or autonomic neuropathy, independent of mean HbA1c values ( P < .05). Furthermore, there were higher incident microvascular complications with higher HbA1c variability when HbA1c value was above the group median of 7.9%, while only higher incident autonomic neuropathy with higher HbA1c variability when HbA1c was below the group median. Conclusions: Our results showed a significant independent association between HbA1c variability and the risk of microvascular complications in T1D. HbA1c variability might be a supplemental risk stratification tool to mean HbA1c for microvascular complications in T1D.