bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origin of eclipsing time variations: Contributions of different modes of the dynamo-generated magnetic field
Authors: Navarrete Felipe H. , Käpylä Petri J. , Schleicher Dominik R. G. , Ortiz Carolina A. , Banerjee Robi 
Published: May 2022

Context.The possibility to detect circumbinary planets and to study stellar magnetic fields through eclipsing time variations (ETVs) in binary stars has sparked an increase of interest in this area of research.Aims.We revisit the connection between stellar magnetic fields and the gravitational quadrupole momentQxxand compare different dynamo-generated ETV models with our simulations.Methods.We present magnetohydrodynamical simulations of solar mass stars with rotation periods of 8.3, 1.2, and 0.8 days and perform a detailed analysis of the magnetic and quadrupole moment using spherical harmonic decomposition.Results.The extrema ofQxxare associated with changes in the magnetic field structure. This is evident in the simulation with a rotation period of 1.2 days. Its magnetic field has a more complex behavior than in the other models, as the large-scale nonaxisymmetric field dominates throughout the simulation and the axisymmetric component is predominantly hemispheric. This triggers variations in the density field that follow the magnetic field asymmetry with respect to the equator, affecting thezzcomponent of the inertia tensor, and thus modulatingQxx. The magnetic fields of the two other runs are less variable in time and more symmetric with respect to the equator, such that the variations in the density are weaker, and therefore only small variations inQxxare seen.Conclusions.If interpreted via the classical Applegate mechanism (tidal locking), the quadrupole moment variations obtained in the current simulations are about two orders of magnitude below those deduced from observations of post-common-envelope binaries. However, if no tidal locking is assumed, our results are compatible with the observed ETVs.
The preferential orientation of magnetic switchbacks and its implications for solar magnetic flux transport
Authors: Fargette Naïs , Lavraud Benoit , Rouillard Alexis P. , Réville Victor , Bale Stuart D. , Kasper Justin 
Published: May 2022

Context. Magnetic switchbacks in the solar wind are large deflections of the magnetic field vector, which often reverse their radial component, and are associated with a velocity spike consistent with their Alfvénic nature. The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission revealed them to be a dominant feature of the near-Sun solar wind. Where and how they are formed remains unclear and subject to discussion.
Aims. We investigate the orientation of the magnetic field deflections in switchbacks to determine if they are characterized by a possible preferential orientation.
Methods. We compute the deflection angles, ψ = [ϕ, θ]T, of the magnetic field relative to the theoretical Parker spiral direction for encounters 1 to 9 of the PSP mission. We first characterize the distribution of these deflection angles for quiet solar wind intervals and assess the precision of the Parker model as a function of distance from the Sun. We then assume that the solar wind is composed of two populations, the background quiet solar wind and the population of switchbacks, the latter of which is characterized by larger fluctuations. We model the total distribution of deflection angles we observe in the solar wind as a weighed sum of two distinct normal distributions, each corresponding to one of the populations. We fit the observed data with our model using a Monte Carlo Markov chain algorithm and retrieve the most probable mean vector and covariance matrix coefficients of the two Gaussian functions, as well as the population proportion. This method allows us to quantify the properties of both the quiet solar wind and the switchback populations without setting an arbitrary threshold on the magnetic field deflection angles.
Results. We first confirm that the Parker spiral is a valid model for quiet solar wind intervals at PSP distances. We observe that the accuracy of the spiral direction in the ecliptic is a function of radial distance, in a manner that is consistent with PSP being near the solar wind acceleration region. We then find that the fitted switchback population presents a systematic bias in its deflections, with a mean vector consistently shifted toward lower values of ϕ (−5.52° on average) and θ (−2.15° on average) compared to the quiet solar wind population. This results holds for all encounters but encounter 6, and regardless of the magnetic field main polarity. This implies a marked preferential orientation of switchbacks in the clockwise direction in the ecliptic plane, and we discuss this result and its implications in the context of the existing switchback formation theories. Finally, we report the observation of a 12-hour patch of switchbacks that systematically deflect in the same direction, such that the magnetic field vector tip within the patch deflects and returns to the Parker spiral within a given plane.
Particle re-acceleration and diffuse radio sources in the galaxy cluster Abell 1550
Authors: Pasini T. , Edler H. W. , Brüggen M. , de Gasperin F. , Botteon A. , Rajpurohit K. , van Weeren R. J. , Gastaldello F. , Gaspari M. , Brunetti G. , Cuciti V. , Nanci C. , di Gennaro G. , Rossetti M. , Dallacasa D. , Hoang D. N. , Riseley C. J. 
Published: May 2022

Context. Radio observations of galaxy clusters reveal a plethora of diffuse, steep-spectrum sources related to the re-acceleration of cosmic-ray electrons, such as halos, relics, and phoenices. In this context, the LOw Frequency ARray Low-Band Antenna (LOFAR-LBA) Sky Survey (LoLSS) provides the most sensitive images of the sky at 54 MHz to date, allowing us to investigate re-acceleration processes in a poorly explored frequency regime.
Aims. We study diffuse radio emission in the galaxy cluster Abell 1550, with the aim of constraining particle re-acceleration in the intra-cluster medium.
Methods. We exploited observations at four different radio frequencies: 54, 144, 400, and 1400 MHz. To complement our analysis, we made use of archival Chandra X-ray data.
Results. At all frequencies we detect an ultra-steep spectrum radio halo (Sν ∝ ν−1.6) with an extent of ∼1.2 Mpc at 54 MHz. Its morphology follows the distribution of the thermal intra-cluster medium inferred from the Chandra observation. West of the centrally located head-tail radio galaxy, we detect a radio relic with a projected extent of ∼500 kpc. From the relic, a ∼600 kpc long bridge departs and connects with the halo. Between the relic and the radio galaxy, we observe what is most likely a radio phoenix, given its curved spectrum. The phoenix is connected to the tail of the radio galaxy through two arms, which show a nearly constant spectral index for ∼300 kpc.
Conclusions. The halo could be produced by turbulence induced by a major merger, with the merger axis lying in the NE-SW direction. This is supported by the position of the relic, whose origin could be attributed to a shock propagating along the merger axis. It is possible that the same shock has also produced the phoenix through adiabatic compression, while we propose that the bridge could be generated by electrons which were pre-accelerated by the shock, and then re-accelerated by turbulence. Finally, we detect hints of gentle re-energisation in the two arms that depart from the tail of the radio galaxy.
Prominence eruption observed in He II 304 Å up to >6 R⊙ by EUI/FSI aboard Solar Orbiter
Authors: Mierla M. , Zhukov A. N. , Berghmans D. , Parenti S. , Auchère F. , Heinzel P. , Seaton D. B. , Palmerio E. , Jejčič S. , Janssens J. , Kraaikamp E. , Nicula B. , Long D. M. , Hayes L. A. , Jebaraj I. C. , Talpeanu D.-C. , D’Huys E. , Dolla L. , Gissot S. , Magdalenić J. , Rodriguez L. , Shestov S. , Stegen K. , Verbeeck C. , Sasso C. , Romoli M. , Andretta V. 
Published: May 2022

Aims. We report observations of a unique, large prominence eruption that was observed in the He II 304 Å passband of the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager/Full Sun Imager telescope aboard Solar Orbiter on 15–16 February 2022.
Methods. Observations from several vantage points – Solar Orbiter, the Solar-Terrestrial Relations Observatory, the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, and Earth-orbiting satellites – were used to measure the kinematics of the erupting prominence and the associated coronal mass ejection. Three-dimensional reconstruction was used to calculate the deprojected positions and speeds of different parts of the prominence. Observations in several passbands allowed us to analyse the radiative properties of the erupting prominence.
Results. The leading parts of the erupting prominence and the leading edge of the corresponding coronal mass ejection propagate at speeds of around 1700 km s−1 and 2200 km s−1, respectively, while the trailing parts of the prominence are significantly slower (around 500 km s−1). Parts of the prominence are tracked up to heights of over 6 R⊙. The He II emission is probably produced via collisional excitation rather than scattering. Surprisingly, the brightness of a trailing feature increases with height.
Conclusions. The reported prominence is the first observed in He II 304 Å emission at such a great height (above 6 R⊙).
Pathophysiologie der Dekompensation bei Leberzirrhose – Prognose-Scores
Authors: Sturm Lukas , Reincke Marlene , Bettinger Dominik 
Published: May 2022

Was ist neu?
Die periphere arterielle Vasodilatations-Hypothese In der Vergangenheit war das führende Modell für die Erklärung der Entstehung von Dekompensationsereignissen bei der Zirrhose die periphere arterielle Vasodilatations-Hypothese. Diese hat man zuletzt zunehmend verlassen, stattdessen rückt eine chronische Inflammation in den Fokus.
Systemische Inflammation als Trigger für die Dekompensation der Leberzirrhose Aktuelle Studien konnten zeigen, dass bei der akuten Dekompensation (AD) wie dem ACLF ein inflammatorischer Status vorherrscht. Darüber hinaus ist die Inflammation auch eng mit dem weiteren klinischen Verlauf und der Prognose nach einem Dekompensationsereignis verknüpft.
Die Leberzirrhose als inflammatorisch getriggerte Multisystem-Erkrankung Der inflammatorische Zustand bei der Leberzirrhose führt über verschiedenste Mechanismen auch zu einer Beeinträchtigung der Funktion extrahepatischer Organsysteme, wie bspw. der Niere oder dem Herz. Die Leberzirrhose kann daher als inflammatorisch getriggerte Multisystem-Erkrankung betrachtet werden.
Neue klinische Scores bei Patienten mit einer Leberzirrhose Der zunehmende Fokus auf die Inflammation findet auch Berücksichtigung in aktuellen prognostischen Scores. So ist die Leukozytenzahl, als inflammatorischer Parameter, Bestandteil des CLIF-C-AD-Scores sowie des CLIF-C-ACLF-Scores, die der Prognoseabschätzung bei einer AD beziehungsweise einem ACLF dienen.
Entwicklung des medizinischen Strahlenschutzes in Deutschland
Authors: Ernst-Elz Andreas 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungBereits kurz nach der Entdeckung der Röntgenstrahlung durch Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen im Jahr 1985 und der Entdeckung radioaktiver Elemente durch Henry Becquerel und deren chemische Isolierung durch Marie Skłodowska Curie im Jahr 1896 wurden Röntgenanlagen und radioaktive Stoffe in der Medizin eingesetzt. Anfangs wurde das hiervon ausgehende Risiko nicht erkannt, jedoch traten bereits frühzeitig bei den Anwendern gesundheitliche Schäden auf. Es bedurfte daher Regeln und Vorschriften zum Schutz vor diesen Gefahren. Inzwischen besteht ein umfangreiches System von Gesetzen, Verordnungen, Richtlinien, Normen und Vorschriften, die den Umgang mit ionisierender Strahlung zu einem der sichersten Arbeitsfelder gemacht haben.
Ischämische Septumruptur – die Differenzialdiagnose zum Re-Infarkt: ein Anwendungsbeispiel für den präklinischen Ultraschall
Authors: Hohmann Christian , Blome Constance , Osteresch Rico 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDie ischämische Septumruptur ist eine seltene, jedoch gefürchtete Komplikation nach einem Myokardinfarkt. Die folgende Kasuistik demonstriert eine solche Erkrankung als
Differenzialdiagnose zum myokardialen Re-Infarkt. Bei verdächtiger Symptomatik konnte schließlich die richtige Diagnose mittels Ultraschall gestellt und eine adäquate Zielklinik
ausgewählt werden. Innerklinisch wurde der Defekt mit einem bovinem Perikardpatch versorgt. Nach einem stationären Aufenthalt von 19 Tagen konnte die Patientin ohne größere
Residuen nach Hause entlassen werden.
Mechanical Loading on Cementoblasts: A Mini Review
Authors: Radermacher Chloé , Malyaran Hanna , Craveiro Rogerio Bastos , Peglow Sarah , Behbahani Mehdi , Pufe Thomas , Wolf Michael , Neuss Sabine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOrthodontic treatments are concomitant with mechanical forces and thereby cause
teeth movements. The applied forces are transmitted to the tooth root and the
periodontal ligaments which is compressed on one side and tensed up on the other
side. Indeed, strong forces can lead to tooth root resorption and the
crown-to-tooth ratio is reduced with the potential for significant clinical
impact. The cementum, which covers the tooth root, is a thin mineralized tissue
of the periodontium that connects the periodontal ligament with the tooth and is
build up by cementoblasts. The impact of tension and compression on these cells
is investigated in several in vivo and in vitro studies
demonstrating differences in protein expression and signaling pathways. In
summary, osteogenic marker changes indicate that cyclic tensile forces support
whereas static tension inhibits cementogenesis. Furthermore, cementogenesis
experiences the same protein expression changes in static conditions as static
tension, but cyclic compression leads to the exact opposite of cyclic tension.
Consistent with marker expression changes, the singaling pathways of
Wnt/ß-catenin and RANKL/OPG show that tissue compression
leads to cementum degradation and tension forces to cementogenesis. However, the
cementum, and in particular its cementoblasts, remain a research area which
should be explored in more detail to understand the underlying mechanism of bone
resorption and remodeling after orthodontic treatments.
Aryne Annulations for the Synthesis of Carbocycles and Heterocycles: An Updated Review
Authors: Gogoi Pranjal , Sarmah Manashi , Hazarika Hemanta 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCarbocycles and heterocycles are highly relevant structural moieties that have found countless applications in interdisciplinary areas. In this regard, the interesting chemistry of arynes has been embraced by researchers for the synthesis of structurally different polycyclic systems, i.e. carbocycles and heterocycles. In this review, we intended to provide a comprehensive overview on the annulative approach considering Kobayashi’s aryne intermediate as the key reactive species with diverse nucleophilic and electrophilic partners. The review highlights the different aryne annulation reactions adopted for the synthesis of carbocycles and heterocycles (covering articles mainly from around 2010), showcasing their viability towards broad range of substrates bearing diverse functionalities.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of Carbocycles3	Synthesis of Heterocycles4	Conclusions
2-Iodoxybenzoic Acid–Dimethyl Sulfoxide (IBX-DMSO)-Promoted Oxidative Aromatization of Spiro[2.5]octa-4,7-dien-6-one
Authors: Song Xixi , Wang Zechao , Chang Junbiao , Li Tong , Cui Chaoxing , Zhang Yuxia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA 2-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX)–dimethyl sulfoxide (IBX-DMSO)-promoted oxidative aromatization of spiro[2.5]octa-4,7-dien-6-ones has been developed. A series of substrates with various substitutions were transformed into oxidative aromatization products in good to excellent yields. This oxidative aromatization features environmentally friendly reagents, high efficiency, a broad substrate scope, broad functional-group tolerance, and mild reaction conditions.
[2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Arylhydroxylamines: Rapid Access to ortho-Sulfonylated Anilines
Authors: Gao Hongyin , Liu Yue , Xu Gaofei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the absence of transition-metal catalysts and additional oxidants, arylhydroxylamines can undergo an unconventional O-sulfinylation/[2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement/rearomatization cascade with trifluoromethylsulfinyl chloride to rapidly and efficiently synthesize versatile ortho-sulfonylated aromatic amines. This Synpacts article describes the discovery, further study, and practical application of the rearrangement reactions in arylhydroxylamine compounds and highlights our recent advances in this area.1	Introduction2	Discovery of a New Reaction3	O-Sulfinylation of Arylhydroxylamines Followed by [2,3]-σ Rearrangement4	Conclusion
Warning Signs in Predicting Severe Pediatric Dengue Infection
Authors: Juliansen Andry , Heriyanto Rivaldo S. , Budiputri Charista L. , Meliani Fellisa , Muljono Michelle P. , Chandra Shally , Octavius Gilbert S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective The uncertainty of dengue's progression from infection to its severe form represents a major health care challenge, especially in children. Clinical identification of impending clinical manifestations of severe dengue (SD), along with proper and immediate management, is crucial. Thus, this study assesses the ability of warning signs to predict SD infection in pediatric patients.Methods This cross-sectional study utilized purposive sampling using medical records from January 2015 to December 2020. Children aged 0 to 18 years diagnosed with dengue fever and SD according to the World Health Organization's 2009 criteria were included.Discussion Multivariate analysis revealed that abdominal pain (odds ratio [OR]: 16.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.78–70.64; p < 0.001), fluid accumulation (OR: 10.51, 95% CI: 1.17–94.3; p = 0.036), mucosal bleeding (OR: 4.77; 95% CI: 1.27–17.91; p = 0.021), lethargy (OR: 94.37; 95% CI: 4.92–180.79; p = 0.003), hepatomegaly (OR: 17.57; 95% CI: 2.14–144.13; p = 0.008), and increased hematocrit concurrent with a rapid decrease in platelets (OR: 6.89; 95% CI: 1.79–26.51, p = 0.005) were associated with SD infection, with a high quality of discrimination (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.96) and a high quality of fit (p = 0.73). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that 1.5 warning signs was the optimal cut-off for predicting SD infection, with a sensitivity of 90.9 and a specificity of 89.8%.Conclusion All six warning signs were significantly associated with SD infection. The optimal cut-off for predicting SD was 1.5 warning signs.
Situated expertise in integration and implementation processes in Latin America
Authors: Vienni-Baptista Bianca , Goñi Mazzitelli María , García Bravo María Haydeé , Rivas Fauré Inta , Marín-Vanegas Daniel Felipe , Hidalgo Cecilia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSeveral environmental, political, social and institutional factors have resulted in the heterogeneous and adaptive integration of knowledge, actors and methodologies in Latin America. Despite poor recognition and even a lack of research conditions, experiences involving different societal actors and types of collaboration have developed across the region. These experiences form a collection of integration and implementation processes not yet fully systematised in a way that serves other cases. This paper aims to contribute to the discussion of how expertise is defined in integration and implementation processes in Latin America. To re-signify collaborative practices in the region, a critical perspective is applied, and a heuristic framework is built that comprehends the ‘situated’ and relational dimensions of expertise. This framework is tested to study five cases from Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Uruguay related to territorial planning, gender and knowledge, coastal management and the provision of climate services. These concepts are compared on the basis of the three dimensions comprising the framework—context, actors and methods —and the intersections among them. Applying a qualitative methodology and auto-ethnography, we identified the main features of situated expertise in Latin America, that is, engaging marginalised societal actors, fostering greater participation, acknowledging power imbalances, managing conflicts and contradicting perspectives, and directing an ethical-political engagement in the research process. As a result,situated expertiseencompasses not only the situatedness of practices and processes, but also their political (and potentially transformative) dimensions in tracing power imbalances. This paper then argues that this situated aspect of expertise is relevant for conducting more context-sensitive integration and implementation processes in Latin America, thus contributing to the ethical-political dimension on how expertise is defined, embodied and enacted in vulnerable contexts.
The iconicity of possessive-affix position in Malayo-Polynesian
Authors: Berg Thomas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Most languages which code possession morphologically do so by using either prefixes or suffixes. This study examines the minority of languages which employ both prefixes and suffixes in order to express the contrast between alienable and inalienable possession. The focus is on a possible interaction of affix order type and possession type. An analysis of a dozen Malayo-Polynesian languages (8 Eastern Malayo-Polynesian and 4 Central Malayo-Polynesian) reveals a surprisingly consistent pattern. Ten of these languages consistently associate prefixes with alienable possession and suffixes with inalienable possession. None of the 12 languages does it the other way around. This form-meaning relationship is argued to be iconically motivated. Suffixes are claimed to be more closely linked to their stems than prefixes are. This formal closeness mirrors the tighter relationship between possessor and possessum in inalienable than in alienable possession. Five languages make a three-way contrast among inalienable, intermediate and alienable possession. This suggests that the distinction between alienable and inalienable possession should be viewed as a continuum rather than a dichotomy. Individual languages may split up this continuum in different ways.
Effectiveness of a CL-informed approach to English preposition acquisition by young Chinese learners
Authors: Pan Molly Xie , Hu Guangwei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
While increasing efforts have been made to teach English prepositions to EFL learners from a Cognitive Linguistics (CL) perspective, the bulk of the extant research has focused on adult learners at the advanced English proficiency level and reported only quantitative results. Limited attention has been paid to elementary learners, and there has been little qualitative evidence of the pedagogical effectiveness of CL-informed approaches. This study aims to address these issues with a quasi-experiment embedded in an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Twenty-two young Chinese learners received two types of instruction, respectively, to learn locative prepositions in, on, and at. A conceptual metaphor time as space that originates in CL was exploited as the intervention for the experimental group, whereas a data-driven approach was adopted for the control group. Quantitative data collected from the participants through a set of tests and qualitative data collected from the instructor with a semi-structured interview generally supported the effectiveness and, to a lesser extent, the efficiency of the CL-informed approach. The paper concludes with a discussion of the pedagogical implications derived from the empirical results.