bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of smoking rates among immigrants in France in the context of comprehensive tobacco control measures, and a decrease in the overall prevalence.
Authors: Héron Mégane , Mahdjoub Sarah , Gomajee Ramchandar , Ducarroz Simon , Melchior Maria , El-Khoury Fabienne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe evolution of smoking rates according to migrant status has not been examined in France, despite a recent reduction in overall smoking rates.MethodsDePICT is a two waves (2016: n=4356; 2017: n=4114) nationwide telephone survey, representative of the French adult population We compared smoking-related behaviors before and after implementation of tobacco-control measures (2017), according to the geographical region of birth. ResultsCompared to 2016, individuals originating from Africa or the Middle East had a slightly higher smoking prevalence in 2017 (34.7% vs 31.3%), despite a higher intention to quit or attempt in the preceding year (adjusted OR(ORa)= 2.72[1.90; 3.90]) compared to non-immigrants. They were also less likely to experience an unsuccessful quit attempt (ORa= 1.76[1.18; 2.62])ConclusionTobacco-control measures could have widened smoking inequalities related to migrant status. The evolution of smoking-related behaviors among immigrants should be examined when studying the long-term effects of such policies.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Falls Among Community-Dwelling Adults in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alenazi Aqeel M , Alanazi Maram F , Elnaggar Ragab K , Alshehri Mohammed M , Alqahtani Bader A , Alhowimel Ahmed S , Alanazi Ahmad D , Alotaibi Mazyad A , Almutairi Sattam M , Alghamdi Mohammed S , Bindawas Saad M 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground:This study examined the prevalence and risk factors of falls, by evaluating the association between risk factors and falls and number of falls, and by determining cut-off scores for fall risk measures among community-dwelling adults in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in community, Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. A sample of 276 Saudi citizens aged ³ 40 years who were able to read and write in Arabic. Fall history and number of falls in the past 12 months were determined via self-reports. Variables assessed included demographic information, self-reported chronic diseases, depressive symptoms, and back pain severity.Results:Participants were classified as either fallers (n=28, 10.14%) or non-fallers. Fallers were more likely to have arthritis (odds ratio [OR]: 7.60, p=0.001), back pain (OR: 5.22, p=0.002), and higher depressive symptom scores (OR: 1.09, p=0.013) than non-fallers. The number of reported falls was significantly associated with an elevated body mass index (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 1.09, p=0.045), arthritis (IRR: 8.74, p<0.001), back pain (IRR: 4.08, p=0.005), neurological diseases (IRR: 13.75, p<0.007), and depressive symptoms (IRR: 1.08, p=0.005). Cut-off scores predictive of falls associated with back pain and depressive symptoms were 1.5 (sensitivity: 0.61; specificity: 0.79; area under the curve [AUC]: 0.70) and 11.5 score (sensitivity: 0.57; specificity: 0.76; AUC: 0.66), respectively.Conclusions: The prevalence of falls was relatively low among the individuals considered in this study. Chronic conditions, back pain severity, and depressive symptoms were determined to be associated with falls among community-dwelling individuals in Saudi Arabia.
EDDSN-MRT: Multiple Rodent Tracking Based on Ear Detection and Dual Siamese Network for Rodent Social Behavior Analysis
Authors: Liu Bingbin , Qian Yuxuan , Wang Jianxin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background The rodent social behavior is a commonly used preclinical model to assess human neurological condition mechanisms. Therefore, to understand how the neural system coordinates with social behaviors, neuroscientists need a precise and quantitative generation of multiple rodent's trajectories in laboratory scenarios. But the occlusion of rodents’ individuals precludes the generation of stable long individual tracks. Results To deal with the occlusion interference problem, based on the nature physiological structure of rodents, we propose a Multiple Rodent Tracking approach based on Ear Detection and Dual Siamese Network for tracking of multiple rodents in laboratory environments and analysis of rodent social behavior, named EDDSN-MRT. We validate this tracking system on a public dataset with multiple rodents and compare it with several current state-of-the-art methods. At least 4 rodents can be tracked simultaneously and providing locomotion behavioral data. Next, we demonstrate its application in clinical monitoring of intermittent fasting intervention. And unexpectedly, we reveal that intermittent fasting intervention implemented on multiple mice can lead to decrease in spatial distribution of them, rather than increasing dwelling range in single session monitoring result. Finally, offering accurate tracking, we show that the system is highly suitable for longitudinal studies of aging and fasting-associated locomotion disorder, enabling the quantification of the slight intervention effects in multiple rodent locomotion behavior. Conclusion Comparing with several state-of-the-art methods, the proposed EDDSN-MRT achieves a better tracking performance in terms of Multiple Object Tracking Accuracy (MOTA) and ID Correct Rate (ICR). External clinical validation suggests that our proposed EDDSN-MRT has the applicability to distinguish the behaviors of rodents with locomotion disorder caused by different intermittent fasting models.
WITHDRAWN: ELP2 -NLRP3-GSDMD/GSDME mediated pyroptosis induced by TNF-α during osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Xu Chang-Peng , Xia Chang-Liang , Ou Shuan-Ji , Yang Yang , Zhang Wei , Wu Wen-Jiao , Chen Qi , Li Wen-Jun , Lu Han-Yu , Wang Ye-Yang , Qi Yong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Elongated protein 2 (ELP2) affects inflammatory responses through the JAK-STAT3 cascade and downstream pathways which regulates ontogenesis. Our recent experiment suggests that TNF-a induced inflammation during ontogenesis is inextricably linked to pyroptosis and is critical for inhibiting osteogenic differentiation. However, we do not know the effect of ELP2 on pyroptosis under inflammatory microenvironment. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of ELP2 in molecular mechanism for MC3T3-E1 cell pyroptosis. Firstly, using scanning electron microscope, we observed MC3T3-E1 cells underwent obvious cell membrane rupture and inflammation after 48h of TNF-α treatment under ontogenesis induction. Then, we targeted ELP2 associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome identified by bioinformatics analysis. Besides, the effect of ELP2 on the inflammasome was determined by the detection of STAT3/NLRP3/ASC protein in ELP2 knockdown and overexpression cells. The interaction between ELP2 and NLRP3 was confirm by co-immunoprecipitation. Pyroptosis downstream was demonstrated by activation of Caspase-1 and Caspase-3, cleavage of downstream gas protein D (GSDMD) and gas protein E (GSDME/DFNA5). Clarifying the effect of ELP2 on the degree of apoptosis by Fluorescent Staining and Flow Quantitative Analysis of Cell Death Staining. Finally, the effects of ELP2 on ontogenesis was evaluated by detecting the osteogenic associated protein OPN/OCN/RUNX2/ALP expression using western blot and qPCR, also we conducted the ALP staining after the cell was stimulated with TNF-α. From the data in this study, we get ELP2-NLRP3-GSDMD/GSDME mediated pyroptosis induced by TNF-α during osteogenic differentiation. Regulation of ELP2 may be a potential target for the treatment of bone infections.
Adjuvanting Coxevac® with QuilA® skews Coxiella burnetii-induced inflammatory responses towards a sustained Th1-CD8+-mediated activation and increases protection in an experimental goat model
Authors: Tomaiuolo Sara , Jansen Wiebke , Martins Susana Soares , Devriendt Bert , Cox Eric , Mori Marcella 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Coxevac® is the EMA-approved veterinary vaccine for the protection of cattle and goats against Q Fever, a zoonotic bacterial disease due to Coxiella burnetii. Since Coxevac® reduces bacterial shedding and clinical symptoms but does not prevent infection, novel, ready-to-use vaccine formulations are needed to increase its immunogenicity. Here, a goat vaccination-challenge model was used to evaluate the impact of the commercially available saponin-based QuilA® adjuvant on Coxevac® immunity. Upon challenge, the QuilA®-Coxevac® group showed a stronger immune response reflected in a higher magnitude of total IgG and an increase in circulating and splenic CD8+ T-cells compared to the Coxevac® and challenged-control groups. The QuilA®-Coxevac® group was characterized by a targeted Th1-type response (IFNɣ, IP10) associated with increased transcripts of CD8+ and NK cells in spleens and γδ T cells in bronchial lymph nodes. Coxevac® vaccinated animals presented an intermediate expression of Th1-related genes, whilst the challenged-control group showed an immune response characterized by pro-inflammatory (IL1β, TNFα, IL12), Th2 (IL4 and IL13), Th17 (IL17A) and other immunoregulatory cytokines (IL6, IL10). An intriguing role was observed for γδ T cells, which were of TBX21- and SOX4-types in the QuilA®-Coxevac® and challenged control group, respectively.
Overall, the addition of QuilA® resulted in a sustained Th1-type activation associated with increased vaccine protection. QuilA® could be proposed as one readily-applied solution to improve Coxevac® efficacy against C. burnetii infection in field settings.
Selection of reference genes for qPCR analysis and variations in the expression of Phosphate (Pi) responsive genes in Brassica rapa
Authors: Shahbuddin Dahlia , Shuid Ahmad Naqib , Rusly Rosazlina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Phosphate (Pi) deficiency in soil is one of the limiting factors to a growing plant due to its slow diffusion and high fixation in the rhizosphere. Brassica rapa plants were grown hydroponically under replete (P+) and deplete (P-) conditions to examine the variations in the expression of Pi responsive genes using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Nine candidate reference genes were selected from the NCBI database. TATA box and SAND were selected as the most suitable reference genes under Pi-replete and Pi-deplete conditions due to their high efficiency and quality. The selected reference genes were validated by analyzing the expression of 14 target Pi responsive genes. The expression analysis of B. rapa root samples under Pi deficiency revealed the variable expression of genes; Bro18-014187 (ALMT1), a gene that is involved in organic acid exudation (OA) in the root system to promote phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) in plants, showed the highest increased (7.6-fold) under Pi-stress. Meanwhile, the expression of genes Bro18-047862 (PAP12), Bro18-038689 (MATE), Bro18-038513 (MMDH1), Bro18-004703 (SUC2), and Bro18-025411 (SUC2) increased with 3.69-fold, 1.9-fold, 1.4-fold, 3.03-fold, and 1.8-fold, respectively. Decreased gene responses were seen in Bro18-009479 (CS4), Bro18-042204 (ALMT1), and Bro18-035630 (MATE), while five other genes Bro18-039999 (PAP12), Bro18-049018 (CS4), Bro18-006954 (ALMT1), Bro18-035465 (MMDH1) and Bro18-013770 (MMDH1) remain unchanged. The whole-genome triplication (WGT) event in B. rapa led to three copies of paralog genes and transcription analysis showed the robust variation in the expression patterns of these paralog genes. Genes involved in signaling, transport, extracellular Pi scavenging, physiological function, and metabolic pathways are among the most highly expressed genes. This research provides a general overview of Pi’s influence on plant growth processes as well as presents particular experimental data on B. rapa responses to Pi deficiency.
Bio-efficacy of insecticidal molecule emodin against dengue, filariasis, and malaria vectors
Authors: Chinnasamy Ragavendran , Govindasamy Balasubramani , Venkatesh Manigandan , Magudeeswaran Sivanandam , Dhanarajan Arulbalachandran , Devarajan Natarajan , Willie Peijnenburg , Perumal Vivekanandhan , Mekchay Supamit , Krutmuang Patcharin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Emodin, a chemical isolated from Aspergillus terreus, was studied using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods and compound purity (96%) was assessed by TLC. Furthermore, high larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti-AeA (LC50 5.08 and LC90 8.23 mg.L− 1), Culex quinquefasciatus-CuQ (7.13 and 12.01 mg.L− 1), and Anopheles stephensi-AnS larvae (6.40 and 15.24 mg.L− 1) was recorded. The first isolated fraction showed higher pupicidal activity against AeA (0.349 and 0.872 mg.L− 1). Most emodin-treated larvae (ETL) involutate variations in acetylcholine esterase, α and β-carboxylesterases, and phosphatase activities in the 4th instar, indicating intrinsic differences in their biochemical changes. ETL had numerous altered tissues, including muscle, gastric caeca, hindgut, midgut, nerve ganglia, and midgut epithelium. Acute toxicity of emodin against brine shrimp Artemia nauplii (154.0 and 184.5 mg.L− 1) and the zebrafish Danio rerio (less toxicity observed) was evaluated. In docking studies, Emodin interacted well with odorant-binding-proteins of AeA, AnS, and CuQ with docking scores of -8.89, -6.53, and − 8.09 kcal/mole, respectively. Therefore, A. terreus is likely to be effective against mosquito larvicides.
Improvements to seismicity forecasting based on a Bayesian spatiotemporal ETAS model: Application to 2017-2019 Kermanshah seismic sequence in Western Iran
Authors: Ebrahimian Hossein , Jalayer Fatemeh , Asayesh Behnam Maleki , Hainzl Sebastian , Zafarani Hamid 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model provides an effective tool for predicting the spatio-temporal evolution of aftershock clustering in short-term. Based on this model, a fully probabilistic procedure was previously proposed by the first two authors for providing spatio-temporal predictions of aftershock occurrence in a prescribed forecasting time interval. This procedure exploited the versatility of the Bayesian inference to adaptively update the forecasts based on the incoming information provided by the ongoing seismic sequence. In this work, this Bayesian procedure is improved: (1) the likelihood function for the sequence has been modified to properly consider the piecewise stationary integration of the seismicity rate; (2) the spatial integral of seismicity rate over the whole aftershock zone is calculated analytically; (3) background seismicity is explicitly considered within the forecasting procedure; (4) an adaptive kernel Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation procedure is adopted; (5) leveraging the stochastic sequences generated by the procedure in the forecasting interval, the N-test and the S-test are adopted to verify the forecasts. This framework is demonstrated and verified through retrospective early forecasting of seismicity associated with the 2017-2019 Kermanshah seismic sequence activities in western Iran in two distinct phases following the main events with Mw7.3 and Mw6.3, respectively.
Controlling Extrudate Volume Fraction through Poroelastic Extrusion of Entangled Fibers
Authors: Pan Zehao , Nunes Janine , Duprat Camille , Shum Ho , Stone Howard 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Many materials systems consist of mixtures of particles of various shapes, and readily deform and flow. For example, when a suspension of spherical or near-spherical particles passes through a constriction the volume fraction either remains the same or decreases. In contrast to these particle suspensions, here we observe that an entangled fiber suspension increases its volume fraction up to 14-fold after passing through a constriction. We attribute this response to the entanglements among the fibers that allows the network to move faster than the liquid. By changing the fiber geometry, we find that the entanglements originate from interlocking shapes or high flexibility. A quantitative poroelastic model is used to explain the increase in velocity and extrudate volume fractions. These results provide a new strategy to control soft materials, e.g., suspension concentration and porosity, during delivery, as occurs in healthcare, three-dimensional printing, or material repair.
Household drinking water quality and its predictors in flood-prone settings of Northwest Ethiopia: a cross- sectional community-based study
Authors: Birhan Tsegaye Adane , Destaw Bikes , Dagne Henok , Eyachew Dagnachew , Azanaw Jember , Andualem Zewudu , Dessie Awrajaw , Guyasa Gebisa , Getaneh Alem , Addisu Ayenew , Genet Mengesha , Tadege Garedew , Tesfaye Amensisa Hailu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
In many nations, the deterioration of drinking water quality is a major problem that may be caused by a variety of interrelated biological, physical, and chemical causes. Human feces, animal waste, and effluent farming activities are the main pollutants of water supplies. Even if the source is clean, the process of collecting, transporting, storing, and drawing water in the home can all lead to faecal contamination. In addition, without improved water storage and sanitation, a better water supply doesn't always result in full health benefits. Because of this, it's important to have regular quality control procedures. This study is aimed to assess the level of physioco-chemical and bacteriological quality of hosehold drinking water and its contributing factors in flood-prone settlements of South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia.
Methods
In villages in the South Gondar Zone that are prone to flooding, a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2021. Using standardized water sampling methods, samples of household water were gathered from each residence. Data on socioeconomic conditions and behavioral patterns were gathered through in-person interviews with structured questionnaires. Logistic regression models were used for both univariate and multivariate studies.
Results
The survey included a total of 675 households. The South Gondar Zone's settlements that are prone to flooding had a prevalence of 62.2 percent (n = 417) with [95% CI (53–60)] positive fecal coliform in household water samples. Family size [AOR = 2.205, 95% CI (1.375–3.536), latrine presence [AOR = 3.449, 95% CI (1.349–8.823)], and utilizing a separate container to draw water from its storage [AOR = 0.454, 95% CI (0.249–0.827)] are variables identified as predictors for fecal coliform contamination of household water.
Conclusion
In this study, there was a high proportion of fecal contamination in drinking water. The presence of fecal coliforms in household drinking water was found to be significantly related to family size, the availability of a toilet, and the usage of a separate can to draw water from its storage.
Non-systemic Epstein-Barr virus infection in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Wang Jin , Liu Rongbei , Deng Min , Xu Mengque , Jiang Zhinong , Cao Qian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The potential role of EBV infection in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients has not been fully elucidated yet, therefore we aimed to study it further. Methods: 59 biopsy stecimens and 20 surgical specimens of ulcerative colitis were included in the study. 59 biopsy stecimens were from 18 non-refractory UC patients and 41 refractory UC patients who received steroids therapy. EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization (ISH) was performed for the virus detection. The corresponding electronic medical records were reviewed to analysis the clinical characteristics. Results: EBER nuclear expression in biopsy spesimens of non- refractory UC patients and refractory UC patients was 16.7% (3/18) and 9.76% (4/41) respectively, showing no significant differences between the two groups. EBER nuclear expression in surgical specimens of ulcerative colitis were much higher (80%) than in biopsy spesimens. However, EBER positive cells in most samples of UC patients were less than 50 per high-power field. No systemic symptoms of EBV infection were found in UC patients. The 5-year survival rate of UC patients who underwent surgery was 100%. Conclusions: UC patients with EBV infection showed limited systemic active EBV infectious symptoms. EBV infection did not worsen the prognosis of UC patients.
An improved PBFT consensus algorithm based on grouping and credit grading
Authors: Liu Shannan , Zhang Ronghua , Liu Changzheng , Wang Jiaojiao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To address the problems of high communication complexity, the random selection of master nodes, and limited supported network size of the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus algorithm for consortium chains, an improved Byzantine Fault Tolerance (CBFT) algorithm based on grouping and credit hierarchy is proposed to optimize the nodes of large-scale consortium chains structure. First, the network nodes are divided into different consensus sets according to their response speed to the management nodes, and the consensus is carried out inside and outside the group respectively; based on this, a credit grading mechanism is proposed and a credit calculation formula is introduced to select the management nodes; finally, a simulation and performance testing system based on this improved scheme is built. The experimental results show that CBFT has less communication overhead, shorter latency, and higher throughput than PBFT, and it is more obvious with the increase in the number of nodes, which meets the needs of large consortium chains.
Awareness and knowledge of CBCT among a group of Egyptian Pediatric dentists: A questionnaire study
Authors: Elghazawy Reham K , Khalil Sarah M.S. , Sadat Shaimaa Abu El 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim: To assess the knowledge and awareness of CBCT among a group of Egyptian pediatric dentistsMaterials and methods: An online open-ended questionnaire with 21 items were delivered to around 300 applicants, who practice pediatric dentistry in Egypt. The questionnaire was conveyed by Facebook and distributed among different groups, via Whats app groups and messages, through emails and LinkedIn platform. Demographic, knowledge and awareness data regarding CBCT were collected. Categorical data were analyzed using chi square test followed by pairwise comparisons utilizing multiple z-tests with Bonferroni correction. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05.Results: Two-hundred twenty-nine participants responded to the survey during a 2-month interval. Almost half of the respondents showed poor knowledge of CBCT, 65.2% believes that adequate teaching is not given to dental students, regarding CBCT in their universities, and 95.2% assumes that continuous education courses is required for pediatric dentists.Conclusions: There is explicit gap in knowledge and awareness of CBCT in pediatric dental practitioners, necessitating additional CBCT education and training courses for both undergraduate and postgraduate students.Clinical relevance: The increase of knowledge and awareness among Egyptian pediatric dentists is required, more training and tuition should be integrated in the students’ curricula in their undergraduate and post graduate stages.