bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development, implementation, and evaluation of a simulation‐based educational curriculum for pediatric hospitalists
Authors: Carney Lisa , Hall Matt , Heller Kayla , Kennedy Chris 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMinimal published simulation‐based educational training exists for practicing pediatric hospitalists. Our aim was to determine specific pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) knowledge, skill, and competency needs aligned with our scope of practice and evaluate the impact of a simulation‐based training curriculum.Design and MethodsBaseline and post‐training surveys were administered to 48 physicians providing self‐ratings on a 5‐point scale from Novice to Expert on published PHM competencies. Results were used to develop a targeted simulation curriculum. Participants were considered competent in a domain if their mean score was 3 or greater. We categorized participant responses to individual questions into nine domain scores on survey self‐assessments. Score analysis was performed using the signed‐rank test and McNemar's test. Post‐training evaluations solicited curriculum acceptance and perceived clinical value.ResultsThe baseline response rate was 98% and the post‐training response rate was 85%. Areas with the lowest competency on baseline self‐assessment included advanced airway management (38%), vascular access and emergency medications (38%), code cart skills (19%), team communication (51%), and medically complex care (49%). Post‐training scores improved significantly for five of nine domains, with the largest gains in the “not competent” at baseline group. Percent competent (% with mean score >3) increased significantly in three domains (advanced airway management, code cart skills, and complex care). Participants rated educational sessions favorably (98%) and most (95%) reported using knowledge/skills learned for patient care.ConclusionBaseline self‐assessment results were instrumental in curriculum design. Post‐training analysis revealed gains in multiple domains and identified opportunities for future interventions. Most hospitalists reported participation positively impacted patient care with high learner satisfaction.
Performance of Artificial Intelligence‐Aided Diagnosis System for Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer with MRI: A Diagnostic Comparison Study
Authors: Jiang Ke‐Wen , Song Yang , Hou Ying , Zhi Rui , Zhang Jing , Bao Mei‐Ling , Li Hai , Yan Xu , Xi Wei , Zhang Cheng‐Xiu , Yao Ye‐Feng , Yang Guang , Zhang Yu‐Dong 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe high level of expertise required for accurate interpretation of prostate MRI.PurposeTo develop and test an artificial intelligence (AI) system for diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (CsPC) with MRI.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsOne thousand two hundred thirty patients from derivation cohort between Jan 2012 and Oct 2019, and 169 patients from a publicly available data (U‐Net: 423 for training/validation and 49 for test and TrumpeNet: 820 for training/validation and 579 for test).Field Strength/Sequence3.0T/scanners, T2‐weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion‐weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient map.AssessmentClose‐loop AI system was trained with an Unet for prostate segmentation and a TrumpetNet for CsPC detection. Performance of AI was tested in 410 internal and 169 external sets against 24 radiologists categorizing into junior, general and subspecialist group. Gleason score >6 was identified as CsPC at pathology.Statistical TestsArea under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC‐ROC); Delong test; Meta‐regression I2 analysis.ResultsIn average, for internal test, AI had lower AUC‐ROC than subspecialists (0.85 vs. 0.92, P < 0.05), and was comparable to junior (0.84, P = 0.76) and general group (0.86, P = 0.35). For external test, both AI (0.86) and subspecialist (0.86) had higher AUC than junior (0.80, P < 0.05) and general reader (0.83, P < 0.05). In individual, it revealed moderate diagnostic heterogeneity in 24 readers (Mantel–Haenszel I2 = 56.8%, P < 0.01), and AI outperformed 54.2% (13/24) of readers in summary ROC analysis. In multivariate test, Gleason score, zonal location, PI‐RADS score and lesion size significantly impacted the accuracy of AI; while effect of data source, MR device and parameter settings on AI performance is insignificant (P > 0.05).Data ConclusionOur AI system can match and to some case exceed clinicians for the diagnosis of CsPC with prostate MRI.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Properties of the iliotibial band and their relationships with gait parameters among patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Yagi Masahide , Taniguchi Masashi , Tateuchi Hiroshige , Yamagata Momoko , Hirono Tetsuya , Asayama Akihiro , Umehara Jun , Nojiri Shusuke , Kobayashi Masashi , Ichihashi Noriaki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the thickness and stiffness of the iliotibial band (ITB) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and to identify the gait parameters that are associated with ITB properties. Eighteen female patients with radiographically diagnosed medial KOA and knee pain (age: 69.7 ± 5.9 years, body mass index: 23.0 ± 3.1 kg/m2) and 22 age‐matched female individuals without knee pain (age: 69.1 ± 7.0 years, body mass index: 21.6 ± 3.6 kg/m2) were included. Shear wave elastography images were obtained at the height of the proximal pole of the patella with the participants in the supine position, and the ITB thickness and shear wave velocity, which is a surrogate measure of stiffness, were calculated. In patients with KOA, the knee and hip joint angles and moments during walking were calculated using a motion analysis system. The shear wave velocity was significantly higher in patients with KOA than in asymptomatic adults (11.3 ± 1.0 vs. 10.0 ± 1.8 m/s, respectively; p = 0.010); however, the thickness did not differ between them (2.1 ± 0.3 vs. 2.0 ± 0.3 mm, respectively; p = 0.705). The time‐integral value of the knee adduction moment (β = 0.507, p = 0.032) and maximum value of the hip flexion moment (β = 0.498, p = 0.036) were associated with the shear wave velocity. Meanwhile, no parameters were associated with the thickness. The ITB was stiffer in patients with KOA than in asymptomatic adults; such a stiffer ITB was associated with greater knee adduction and hip flexion moments during walking. Clinical Significance: Greater mechanical loading was associated with a stiffer ITB in patients with KOA.
Quantitative comparison and rapid discrimination of Panax notoginseng powder and Caulis clematidis armandii using NMR combined with pattern recognition
Authors: Chen Honghai , Ding Zenan , Dai Tao , Lin Jianzhong , Xu Dunming , Xia Feng , Feng Jianghua , Shen Guiping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe market demand for Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) is growing rapidly because of its useful properties in food and medicine. However, the frequent adulteration of P. notoginseng seriously affects the health of consumers and is a great challenge to food safety. In this study, low‐ and high‐field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF/HF‐NMR) were applied to detect the transverse relaxation distribution of P. notoginseng contaminated with different ratios of Caulis clematidis armandii (CCA) and the components in P. notoginseng and CCA, respectively.RESULTSFifty‐seven kinds of major and minor components in P. notoginseng and CCA were identified and quantified from their high‐resolution NMR spectra, and there were significant differences in ginsenosides, sucrose, and glucose between P. notoginseng and CCA. Furthermore, the partial least squares regression analysis results indicated that LF‐NMR parameters (T21 and S21) changed linearly as the ratio of CCA increased, and these changes were attributed to the variations in polysaccharide and sucrose in adulterated P. notoginseng.CONCLUSIONIn the relaxation time‐based pattern recognition models, the authentic P. notoginseng powder could be classified with 100% accuracy from adulterated P. notoginseng when the adulteration ratio was greater than 30%, demonstrating the possibility of LF‐NMR, in combination with pattern recognition, for rapid discrimination of food authenticity. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Phytomedicine ELOM‐080 in Acute Viral Rhinosinusitis: A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled, Blinded Clinical Trial
Authors: Pfaar Oliver , Beule Achim G. , Jobst Detmar , Kraft Karin , Stammer Holger , Röschmann‐Doose Kristina I.L. , Wittig Thomas , Stuck Boris A. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundELOM‐080 is a phytomedicine approved for the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract, sinusitis, and bronchitis in particular. This prospective, randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind clinical trial was conducted to assess efficacy and safety of ELOM‐080 in the treatment of acute viral rhinosinusitis (AVRS).MethodsPatients with AVRS received oral treatment (4 × 1 capsule per day) with either ELOM‐080 or matching placebo. Primary endpoints were the change in major symptom score (MSS) after 7 and 14 days of treatment assessed by the investigator (MSSINV). Secondary endpoints were changes in MSS assessed by the patients (MSSPAT), olfactory function (12‐item Sniffin’ Sticks), 20‐Item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐20 GAV; German adapted version), influence of treatment on viral load, and safety.ResultsFour hundred and sixty‐three patients were randomized. At day 4, subjective burden of disease (MSS) was significantly ameliorated compared to placebo (p = 0.012). During the first treatment week MSS scores improved about 1 day earlier, and 3 days earlier in the second week. Effect with ELOM‐080 on mean MSSINV was statistically significantly superior to placebo at visit 3 (p = 0.016) and visit 4 (p = 0.014). In chemosensory testing identification scores improved comparably in both treatments. The improvement of the SNOT‐20 GAV was more pronounced in ELOM‐080 patients. Treatment with ELOM‐080 indicated a potential for decreasing viral load. Both treatments were well tolerated.ConclusionELOM‐080 improves the burden of AVRS significantly in comparison to placebo, remission of symptoms occurred 3 days earlier. The results confirm the efficacy and safety of ELOM‐080 for treatment of AVRS.Level of Evidence1 Laryngoscope, 133:1576–1583, 2023
From minute to day: Ecophysiological response of phytoplankton to fluctuating light exposure during vertical mixing
Authors: Guislain Alexis Lucas Norbert , Köhler Jan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnderwater light is a highly dynamic resource for phytoplankton. Fluctuating light influences photosynthesis, respiration, biosynthesis, and growth at different timescales, but the interplay of these processes is not well‐understood. Subsamples of a phytoplankton community from the turbid, well‐mixed lake TaiHu (China) were either vertically moved through different mixing depths or incubated at fixed depths of matching daily light supply. Growth, photosynthetic electron transport rates, net oxygen production, and night respiration were measured for 9 days. Production was investigated during cyclic mixing, throughout the day, and among days of different integral light intensities. Electron transport rates were higher during vertical mixing and increased with mixing depth, therefore mixing phytoplankton better exploited short periods of surface illumination. On the other hand, light‐stimulation of oxygen consumption and photoperiod shortening increased the compensation light intensities for daily production and growth. The communities kept at the surface and sub‐surface were photoinhibited; their net oxygen production declined and compensation light intensity increased in the afternoon. There was no sign of afternoon depression of net oxygen production in mixing phytoplankton which metabolized photosynthetic products in periodic phases of low light in deeper layers. Mixing phytoplankton produced more oxygen during increasing light intensities and respired more at decreasing light intensities, decreasing net oxygen production during the day. This cyclic post‐illumination enhancement of respiration seemed to be hardwired to fluctuating light, regardless of mixing depth and uncoupled from night respiration rates. Photosynthesis and respiration seemed more tightly connected under fluctuating than constant light.
Learning health system, positive deviance analysis, and electronic health records: Synergy for a learning health system
Authors: Azar Kristen M.J. , Pletcher Mark J. , Greene Sarah M. , Pressman Alice R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionOver the past decade, numerous efforts have encouraged the realization of the learning health system (LHS) in the United States. Despite these efforts, and promising aims of the LHS, the full potential and value of research conducted within LHSs have yet to be realized. New technology coupled with a catalyzing global pandemic have spurred momentum. In addition, the LHS has lacked a consistent framework within which “best evidence” can be identified. Positive deviance analysis, itself reinvigorated by recent advances in health information technology (IT) and ubiquitous adoption of electronic health records (EHRs), may finally provide a framework through which LHSs can be operationalized and optimized.MethodsWe describe the synergy between positive deviance and the LHS and how they may be integrated to achieve a continuous cycle of health system improvement.ResultsAs we describe below, the positive deviance approach focuses on learning from high‐performing teams and organizations.ConclusionSuch learning can be enabled by EHRs and health IT, providing a lens into how digital clinical interventions are successfully developed and deployed.
Experimental investigation of the effect of tribological performance of reduced graphene oxide additive added into engine oil on gasoline engine wear
Authors: Kaleli Emrullah Hakan , Demirtaş Selman 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGood dispersion stability of engine oil added with graphene is the premise of playing its superior tribology property and also the novelty of this study. As the tribological behaviour of a commercialised, fully synthetic 5W40 engine oil upon the incorporation of reduced graphene oxide in sample (0.02 wt%) like (5W40 engine oil + 0.02 wt% Reduced Graphene Oxide) called rGO6 presented superior tribological properties by exhibiting the lowest COF value in our previous work, the same sample was evaluated through a reciprocating tribometer, using steel ball (100 CR6) on a real polished gasoline engine cylinder liner with 5W‐40 engine oil to investigate their wear and friction behaviour in boundary lubrication regime. It was found that a rGO6 nano‐additive played an active role in lowering the coefficient of friction (3.29%) and increased surface protection by forming a protective layer on a smooth nanorough on rubbing surfaces.
The effect of the saliva formulation on brass corrosion
Authors: Biggio Deborah , Elsener Bernhard , Atzei Davide , Rossi Antonella , Fantauzzi Marzia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe composition of natural saliva is strongly variable and unstable outside the oral cavity, therefore corrosion tests are usually performed in artificial saliva solutions. In this study the effect of the composition of various saliva solutions on the corrosion behavior of a CuZn37 alloy, exposed for 1, 3, and 16 h to the solutions, is investigated by using electrochemical measurements, optical microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The solutions investigated in this study are: Darvell, Carter‐Brugirard, and SALMO, selected for their composition that mainly differs in the organic compounds' content. Electrochemical measurements show that the open circuit potential and the polarization resistance increase with exposure time in the solutions, indicating a decrease in the corrosion rate. The corrosion rate (µm/year) in the Darvell solution is found to be two times higher than the other artificial saliva formulations and varies in the order: Darvell > Carter‐Brugirard > SALMO. These data suggest that the presence of different organic compounds might limit the formation of a stable protective surface film as confirmed by XPS surface analyses.
GBP2 serves as a novel prognostic biomarker and potential immune microenvironment indicator in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Tian Yijun , Wang Hongru , Guan Wenbin , Tu Xiaohua , Zhang Xiangmin , Sun Ye , Qian Cheng , Song Xu , Peng Bo , Cui Xingang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSince the application of immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) has gradually become a new strategy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) treatment, biomarkers that predict the individual response to ICT is needed. This study aimed to identify a new clinical indicator for postoperative surveillance of ccRCC and prediction of ICT response. We investigated the GBP2 expression and its relation with immune cell infiltration in tumor microenvironment using public databases, clinical specimens and ccRCC cell lines. Bioinformatic analysis using public database revealed that GBP2 expression is higher in cancer tissues than in adherent normal tissues among different cancer types including ccRCC, and the same results were acquired from clinical tissue samples tested by Western Blot and PCR. In ccRCC cell lines, CCk‐8 proliferation assay and apoptosis assessment suggested GBP2 facilitates the malignancy of ccRCC. 286 ccRCC patients were randomly divided into a training or validation cohort, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Kaplan‐Meier analysis revealed that higher GBP2 expression is related to worse prognosis. C‐index analysis implied that integrating GBP2 expression with TNM stage improved the accuracy in predicting prognosis of ccRCC patients compared to the solitary use of either. Bioinformatic analysis implied a relation between GBP2 and immunity, and GBP2 expression is positively related with suppressive immune markers in ccRCC microenvironment. Taken together, our study demonstrated the potential of GBP2 to sever as a prognostic predictor of ccRCC, and an association between GBP2 and tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in ccRCC was observed, making it a promising indicator of ICT response.
The cash flows in push and pull supply chains under supply disruptions
Authors: Lin Zhiping , Peng Jing , Wang Jia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn a supply chain with a supplier and a buyer, this paper studies two typical contracts: a push contract and a pull contract. The supplier suffers from a supply disruption, and the buyer faces uncertain demand. We derive the equilibrium solutions under both contracts. We show that the order quantity and the firms' profits always increase in the supplier's reliability probability. Furthermore, we investigate how the firms' unit capital opportunity costs and the supplier's reliability probability affect the firms' preference of contracts. Finally, we identify the conditions under which the push contract is better than the pull contract for different firms.
The Met Office winter testbed 2020/2021: Experimenting with an on‐demand 300‐m ensemble in a real‐time environment
Authors: Bain C. L. , Bush M. , Buxmann J. C. , Davies P. , Finnenkoetter A. , Flack D. L. A. , Hanley K. , Jones R. W. , Lean H. W. , Lewis H. , McCabe A. , Petch J. C. , Porson A. , Sanchez C. , Stone E. K. , Walters D. , Webster S. , Willington S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Met Office held a testbed over winter 2020/2021 where a new numerical weather prediction (NWP) sub‐km ensemble was set up on‐demand in response to interesting weather phenomena in the United Kingdom. The domain for the model was chosen in real time by a community of Met Office Research Scientists and Operational Meteorologists and over a 4‐month period the ensemble was triggered for nine events. The purpose of the testbed was to investigate whether a real‐time weather regime‐based enhancement in NWP capability was feasible, to understand what benefits a testbed environment might give, and to explore the practicalities of running such an event. Case studies from the testbed demonstrated that forecast ensembles at 2.2 km and 300 m grid spacing were able to capture observed winter weather, with greater spatial detail apparent, especially over complex orography, in the 300‐m model. Ensemble spread appeared less influenced by resolution, potentially due to the size of the domains tested or the weather regimes of the case studies. The testbed also showcased underutilized observations and additional radiosonde ascents were conducted. All the testbed meetings were conducted virtually due to COVID‐19 restrictions, and decisions were made about when to trigger the event using an online message board. The winter 2020/2021 testbed provides ideas for how on‐demand weather‐dependent testbeds might be conducted in the future. However, several recommendations are made that would enhance testbed benefits further, including more dedicated resource, stronger technology and data visualization and greater participation from both academia and weather information users.
Prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric cancer patients: A clinical practice guideline
Authors: Patel Priya , Robinson Paula D. , Cohen Marie , Devine Katie , Gibson Paul , Holdsworth Mark T. , Neumann Eloise , Orsey Andrea , Phillips Robert , Spinelli Daniela , Thackray Jennifer , van de Wetering Marianne , Woods Deborah , Cabral Sandra , Sung Lillian , Dupuis L. Lee 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for preventing acute and delayed phase chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in pediatric patients. The recommendations are based on two systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials evaluating interventions to prevent (1) acute phase CINV and (2) delayed phase CINV. Recommendations for acute phase and delayed phase CINV prophylaxis are made for patients receiving chemotherapy of varying emetogenicity, as well as for patients not able to receive dexamethasone or a neurokinin‐1 receptor antagonist. Evidence gaps, including antiemetic safety and optimal dosing, were identified.
Manufacturing, thermoforming, and recycling of glass fiber/ PET/ PET foam sandwich composites: DOE analysis of recycled materials
Authors: Kang Gu‐Hyeok , Joung Chanwoo , Kim Hye‐Gyu , Im Seongwoo , Kang Soo‐Chang , Ji Wooseok , Park Young‐Bin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article presents efficient methods to manufacture, thermoform, and recycle sandwich composites consisting of glass fiber (GF)/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) composite skins and a PET foam core. Sandwich composite panels were manufactured using a hot press, which involved heating and pressing from the upper and lower platens inducing thermal fusion between the skin and the foam core. The formability of the sandwich composite panels using a hot press and a pocket‐shaped mold was simulated to determine the forming conditions. And the formability of the sandwich composite panels was tested using the simulation results. Recycling of the sandwich composite panels was achieved using recycling molds to perform heat compression. The excess PET was separated from the GF/PET composite and re‐impregnated with the remaining GF and PET. As a result of recycling, recycled PET and PET/GF composite were obtained. Design of experiments (DOE) analysis was conducted to analyze the recycled properties and to identify which factors affected these properties. These results were re‐plotted according to DOE priority ranking to identify the changes in the properties of the recycled materials per factor. Compared to the original properties, the mechanical and thermal properties including modulus, ultimate tensile strength, melting temperature and crystalline temperature were ~ 95 and ~ 99% preserved. These findings are expected to contribute towards the development of recyclable sandwich composite panels with reduced mass production cost, which are easily formed, used and recycled.