bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left Atrial Appendage Morphology and Course of the Circumflex Artery: Anatomical Implications for Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Procedures
Authors: Batko Jakub , Rams Daniel , Filip Grzegorz , Bartoszcze Artur , Kapelak Bogusław , Bartuś Krzysztof , Litwinowicz Radosław 
Published: October 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomic topography of the circumflex artery (Cx) and left atrial appendage (LAA) and to determine the safety zones for epicardial LAA closure and LAA occlusion procedures. Methods: The left coronary artery was segmented and visualized from 116 computed tomography angiography scans. Four points were located on the Cx portion periappendicularly, starting from the entry point. The landing zone plane was defined as parallel to the LAA orifice at the level of the beginning of the periappendicular course of the Cx, and the plane of the neck bend was located at the end of the LAA neck. A distance smaller than 2 mm was considered a dangerous distance. Results: The distance between the Cx and the LAA landing zone was 4.3 ± 2 mm. The distance between the Cx and the LAA neck bend was 5.1 ± 2.2 mm. The distance between the Cx and the LAA bottom surface was 5.8 ± 2.9 mm. In 38.8% of patients, at least 1 distance between Cx and LAA was smaller than 2 mm in at least 1 dimension. These distances occurred in 30.2% of the LAA landing zone dimensions, 19.8% of LAA neck bend dimensions, and 11.2% of the LAA bottom surface distances. Conclusions: The study showed that most dangerous distances (30.2%) occurred in the LAA landing zone dimension. The data showed that landing zones more distal from the orifice of the LAA are safer in terms of Cx damage. Therefore, LAA closure should always be performed with caution, to avoid iatrogenic complications.
Endovascular treatment of distal medium vessel occlusions using microcatheter aspiration thrombectomy
Authors: Grieb Dominik , Greling Björn , Schulz Katharina , Boxberg Frederik , Melber Katharina , Abu-Fares Omar , Lanfermann Heinrich , Schlunz-Hendann Martin , Meila Dan 
Published: October 2022

Background and purpose Recent studies suggest that endovascular treatment (EVT) in distal medium vessel occlusion (DMVO) stroke is beneficial even beyond middle cerebral artery (MCA) - M2 segment. However, data about aspiration thrombectomy of DMVOs is scarce since common state-of-the-art aspiration catheters are usually too large for small distal intracranial arteries. We report our initial experiences using the microcatheter aspiration thrombectomy (MAT) technique as frontline therapy for acute DMVOs in the MCA territory. Methods We retrospectively analyzed all acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients that underwent MAT of a primary or secondary DMVO in the M3 or M4 segment between January 2019 and October 2021. Recanalization rates, procedural safety and outcome data were recorded. Results MAT of acute M3 and M4 occlusions was performed in 19 patients with AIS. Six had isolated DMVO strokes, 13 had secondary DMVOs during EVT of a proximal large vessel occlusion. Successful revascularization to DMVO TICI ≥ 2b was achieved in 58% (11/19) with a single pass in all of them. The median National Institutes of Health Strokes Scale (NIHSS) score at admission and discharge was 12 and 3, respectively. 68% (13/19) of the patients had a good clinical outcome at discharge (modified Rankin Scale 0-2). No symptomatic complications related to MAT occurred. Conclusions MAT of DMVOs in the MCA territory is technically feasible and effective. Compared to stent retriever-based thrombectomy in DMVOs the hemorrhagic complication rate appears notably lower. Further studies are needed to validate the benefit of mechanical thrombectomy in the distal intracranial vasculature.
Seasonal variations and risk factors of Streptococcus pyogenes infection: a multicenter research network study
Authors: Kennis Matthew , Tagawa Alex , Kung Vanessa M. , Montalbano Gabrielle , Narvaez Isabella , Franco-Paredes Carlos , Vargas Barahona Lilian , Madinger Nancy , Shapiro Leland , Chastain Daniel B. , Henao-Martínez Andrés F. 
Published: October 2022

Background: Streptococcus pyogenes, or Group A Streptococcus (GAS), causes acute pharyngitis and necrotizing fasciitis. Seasonal variations in GAS infections are not robustly characterized. We assessed seasonal variations and risk factors of GAS pharyngitis and ICD-10-diagnosed necrotizing fasciitis. Methods: From the period 2010–2019, we conducted a case–control study using laboratory-confirmed cases of GAS pharyngitis and a descriptive observational study of necrotizing fasciitis using ICD-10 codes. Data were collected from TriNetX, a federated research network. We extracted seasonal (quarterly) incidence rates. We used an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to assess seasonal variations. Demographic characteristics and 1-month outcomes were compared among adults with or without GAS pharyngitis. Results: We identified 224,471 adults with GAS pharyngitis (test-positive) and 546,142 adults without it (test-negative). GAS pharyngitis adults were younger (25.3 versus 30.2 years of age, p < 0.0001), more likely to be Hispanic individuals (10% versus 8%, p < 0.0001) and slightly more likely to be Black or African American individuals (14% versus 13%, p < 0.0001). Propensity score matching found that adults with test-positive cases of GAS pharyngitis had a higher risk of acute rheumatic fever while having no significant differences in risk of intensive care unit admission and mortality compared with test-negative cases. GAS pharyngitis average incidence peaked in the winter while dipping in the summer (0.32 versus 0.18 and 4.07 versus 1.78 per 1000 adults and pediatric patients, respectively). Necrotizing fasciitis diagnoses were highest during summer (0.032 per 1000 adults). There was a significant ARIMA seasonal variation in the time series analysis for adult and pediatric GAS pharyngitis ( p < 0.0001 and p = 0.014, respectively). Necrotizing fasciitis diagnosis was not associated with seasonal variation ( p = 0.861). Conclusion: Peaks in GAS pharyngitis occur in the winter months. ICD code–based necrotizing fasciitis did not show a quarterly seasonal variation.
Exploring the trend of Schizophrenia at Hiwot Fana specialized university referral hospital, Eastern, Ethiopia (2016–2020): A 5-year retrospective analysis
Authors: Mohammed Fethia , Geda Biftu , Assebe Yadeta Tesfaye , Dessie Yadeta 
Published: October 2022

Schizophrenia is one of the most troublesome psychiatric problems requiring long-term antipsychotic treatments. There is a scarcity of data regarding its overtime trend in Ethiopia. Objective: To explore the 5-year trend of schizophrenia at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Referral Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based retrospective record review was conducted at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Referral Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia. Data were obtained from medical records of all registered psychiatric patients in the psychiatric follow-up clinic over 5 years from 2016 to 2020. An Extended Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test for the linear trend was used to examine the trend over the 5-year period. Results: Over the 5-year period stated (2016–2020), a total of 29,184 psychiatric patients were registered at the Hospital from which 18,598 (63.73 % (95% confidence interval: 0.63–0.64) were schizophrenia confirmed cases. Of the 18,598 patients, 15,362 (82.60%) were males and 7,625 (41%) were in 25–34 years of age category. It was revealed that the trend of newly diagnosed patients with schizophrenia increased from (0.44 (95% CI (0.39–0.47) in 2016 to 0.47(95% confidence interval: (0.44–0.49) in 2020 (χ2 = 3.87; p = 0.049). Those chewing Khat were disproportionately affected accounting for about half of the schizophrenia total cases reported. Conclusion: The magnitude of patients with schizophrenia being treated at the hospital increased over the 5 years studied. Tailored preventive and treatment interventions are needed to mitigate the problem. Community and institution-based customized interventions can be designed using the existing health system platforms.
Acceptance of information communication technology-based health information services: Exploring the culture in primary-level health care of South Ethiopia, using Utaut Model, Ethnographic Study
Authors: Bramo Senait Samuel , Desta Amare , Syedda Munavvar 
Published: October 2022

Introduction In sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia, the acceptance of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in health is at the proof-of-concept level with a few unsustainable piecemeal of pilot projects. Thus, a desirable willingness of acceptance among healthcare providers is a paramount. Material and Methods Eight months elapsed ethnographic study design was conducted using participant observation and key informant interviews. The data were entered on Qualitative Data Analysis mine software version 1.4. The quotes and field notes were thematized. The Unified Technology Acceptance and Use Theory (UTAUT) is validated and used to generate new meanings. Results This study highlighted the different instances of technology acceptance. Although the primary-level healthcare (PLHC) providers displayed tendencies to accept ICTs-based health information services consistent with the UTAUT dimensions such as the degree of simplicity associated with performance expectancy, use/effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, social issue, individual variation, and organization culture there are instances that disputed acceptance. For instance, the gains in data quality and reporting secondary to the use of District Health Information System Two (DHIS-II) are not influenced by acceptance. Rather PLHC providers are burnt-out of additional clerical duties of filling data on the DHIS-2. Furthermore, ICT acceptance is influenced by individual variations and the unique culture of primary level facilities such as leadership commitment. Conclusions On this basis, we conclude that the willingness to accept ICT-based health information services at the primary level is not limited to those factors discussed in the UTAUT model.
Interpretable modeling and discovery of key predictors for pneumonia diagnosis in children based on electronic medical records
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Yingshuo , Sheng Qiuyang , Liu Xiaoqing , Xing Zijian , Sun Fenglei , Wang Yuqi , Li Shuxian , Li Yiming , Yu Yizhou , Yu Gang 
Published: October 2022

Background Community-acquired pneumonia is one of the most common infectious diseases in children and is a leading cause of death among children under 5 years of age, resulting in high rates of antibiotic usage and hospitalization. It is of extremely practical significance to make full use of the existing electronic medical records to study pneumonia and to establish automatic diagnosis models for pneumonia. Methods We established pneumonia diagnosis models of Bayesian network using a total of 13,448 electronic medical records. We investigated learning network structure and parameter estimation and evaluated different structure learning strategies and various modeling methods. By identifying the key predictors of model, the pneumonia status was analyzed. Results The performance of the proposed Bayesian network was evaluated using a set of 3361 cases with a precision of 0.7861, a recall of 0.9889, and an F1-score of 0.8759. On an independent external validation set containing 4925 cases, Bayesian network achieved a precision of 0.7382, a recall of 0.9947, and an F1-score of 0.8475. Our proposed Bayesian network outperformed all other methods, including CatBoost, XGBoost, LightGBM, logistic regression, and ridge classification. Conclusion The appropriate feature selection improved the performance of Bayesian networks. The proposed Bayesian network had good generalizability and could be directly applied to clinical research centers. And the key predictors identified by the network demonstrated good clinical interpretability, allowing for a better understanding of pneumonia status and complications. This study had important clinical value and practical significance for the research and diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia.
Chinese Intellectual Traditions as Global Resources
Authors: Yang (杨锐) Rui 
Published: October 2022

Highlights There has been little real progress in finding feasible approaches to addressing global knowledge asymmetries, especially in the social sciences and humanities. With China's new global role, how Chinese experiences could contribute to global theoretical construction in the human and social sciences becomes the order of the day? As the most valued resources for human, social, and cultural theorization, Chinese thought and experiences also serve as an effective catalytic agent for global intellectual pluralism. The great value of China's intellectual traditions in global theoretical construction fuels Chinese scholarship in the humanities and social sciences to win a reputation on the world stage.
Altered pathways of keratinization, extracellular matrix generation, angiogenesis, and stromal stem cells proliferation in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Spinella Amelia , Lo Tartaro Domenico , Gibellini Lara , de Pinto Marco , Pinto Valentina , Bonetti Elisa , Lolli Francesca , Lattanzi Melba , Lumetti Federica , Amati Gabriele , De Santis Giorgio , Cossarizza Andrea , Salvarani Carlo , Giuggioli Dilia 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Systemic sclerosis is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, autoimmunity abnormalities, and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. The pathogenetic mechanisms underlying systemic sclerosis vasculopathy are still not clarified. A complex cellular and extracellular network of interactions has been studied, but it is currently unclear what drives the activation of fibroblasts/myofibroblasts and the extracellular matrix deposition. Methods: Using RNA sequencing, the aim of the work was to identify potential functional pathways implied in systemic sclerosis pathogenesis and markers of endothelial dysfunction and fibrosis in systemic sclerosis patients. RNA-sequencing analysis was performed on RNA obtained from biopsies from three systemic sclerosis patients and three healthy controls enrolled in our University Hospital. RNA was used to generate sequencing libraries that were sequenced according to proper transcriptomic analyses. Subsequently, we performed gene set enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes on the entire list of genes that compose the RNA-sequencing expression matrix. Results: Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that healthy controls were characterized by gene signatures related to stromal stem cells proliferation, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, macrophage-enriched metabolic network, whereas systemic sclerosis tissues were enriched in signatures associated with keratinization, cornification, retinoblastoma 1 and tumor suppressor 53 signaling. Conclusion: According to our data, RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis revealed that systemic sclerosis subjects display a discrete pattern of gene expression associated with keratinization, extracellular matrix generation, and negative regulation of angiogenesis and stromal stem cells proliferation. Further analysis on larger numbers of patients is needed; however, our findings provide an interesting framework for the development of biomarkers useful to explore potential future therapeutic approaches.
Study on the prognosis, immune and drug resistance of m6A-related genes in lung cancer
Authors: Yang Yang , Qian Zhouyao , Feng Mingyang , Liao Weiting , Wu Qiuji , Wen Feng , Li Qiu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Few studies have demonstrated that the relationship between m6A-related genes and the prognosis, tumor microenvironment and drug resistance of LC.

Methods
The main results were analyzed with bioinformatics methods.

Results
Hence, we found 10 m6A-related genes expressed less in tumor samples in comparison with normal ones. Using consensus clustering, all LC patients were grouped into 2 subgroups according to the overall expression of 10 differential expressed m6A-related genes. In two clusters, the OS and immune characteristics were different. We analyzed the predictive potential of 10 m6A-related genes in the prognosis of LC, and obtained a risk prognosis model on the strength of ZC3H13, CBLL1, ELAVL1 and YTHDF1 as the hub candidate genes through LASSO cox. The expression of 4 hub m6A-related genes was validated by IHC in the HPA database. The infiltration level of dendritic cell, CD4+ T cell and neutrophil that were affected by CNV level of m6A-related genes in LUAD and LUSC patients. Moreover, based on GSCALite database, we found that LUSC patients with hypermethylation tended to have a better overall survival. In terms of drug sensitivity, etoposide correlated negatively with ELAVL1, HNRNPC, RBM15B, YTHDF2 and CBLL1. ZC3H13 had positively association with afatinib, while HNRNPC was positively associated with dasatinib, erlotinib, lapatinib and TGX221. Crizotinib had a negative correlation with ELAVL1, CBLL1, HNRNPC and RBM15B.

Conclusion
In conclusion, m6A-related genes are important participants in LC and the expression levels of ZC3H13, CBLL1, ELAVL1 and YTHDF1 are significant for prediction and treatment of LC. Researches of drug resistance based on m6A-related genes need to pay more attention for producing new therapeutic strategies of LC and CBLL1 may contribute to target treatment for further research.
Reconstructing the neuromuscular ground pattern of phylactolaemate bryozoans: new data from the Lophopodidae
Authors: Bibermair J. , Wood T. S. , Chaichana R. , Schwaha T. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The solely freshwater inhabiting Phylactolaemata is a sister taxon to all other bryozoans. Among phylactolaemates, Lophopodidae represents an early branching clade that is therefore crucial for ground pattern reconstruction. While more recent morphological data of most phylactolaemate families are present, data of lophopodids are scarce. The genus Asajirella especially, which was previously assigned to the family Pectinatellidae, lacks any detailed analysis with more recent morphological methods.

Results
This study provides the first morphological analyses of three lophopodid species using serial-sectioning histology and 3D reconstruction, but also immunocytochemical stainings and confocal laserscanning microscopy. There are several lophopodid-specific traits in the nervous system such as the large ganglion with extensive lumen and two prominent protrusions referred to as epistomial horns. The epistome in all lophopodids is rather small and dome-shaped. Contrary to previous reports, we can confirm that duplicature bands insert at the tentacle sheath rather than the diaphragmatic sphincter in all phylactolaemates. The morphology of the digestive tract of lophopodids is identical to other phylactolaemates and possesses exclusively circular muscles.

Conclusions
Altogether, this study fills significant gaps in our knowledge on phylactolaemate neuromuscular systems and general morphology. It shows that the insertion of the duplicature bands at the tentacle sheath and the circular musculature of the digestive tract to be the ground pattern in phylactolaemates. In addition, we found apomorphic characters for lophopodids such as the dome-shaped epistome with its musculature and the voluminous ganglion with its epistomial horns, which aid in defining and delineating the family.
Complete genome sequencing and comparison of two nitrogen-metabolizing bacteria isolated from Antarctic deep-sea sediment
Authors: Liu Wenqi , Cong Bailin , Lin Jing , Zhao Linlin , Liu Shenghao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Bacteria are an essential component of the earth`s biota and affect circulation of matters through their metabolic activity. They also play an important role in the carbon and nitrogen cycle in the deep-sea environment. In this paper, two strains from deep-sea sediments were investigated in order to understand nitrogen cycling involved in the deep-sea environment.

Results
In this paper, the basic genomic information of two strains was obtained by whole genome sequencing. The Cobetia amphilecti N-80 and Halomonas profundus 13 genome sizes are 4,160,095 bp with a GC content of 62.5% and 5,251,450 bp with a GC content of 54.84%. Through a comparison of functional analyses, we predicted the possible C and N metabolic pathways of the two strains and determined that Halomonas profundus 13 could use more carbon sources than Cobetia amphilecti N-80. The main genes associated with N metabolism in Halomonas profundus 13 are narG, narY, narI, nirS, norB, norC, nosZ, and nirD. On the contrast, nirD, using NH4+ for energy, plays a main role in Cobetia amphilecti N-80. Both of them have the same genes for fixing inorganic carbon: icd, ppc, fdhA, accC, accB, accD, and accA.

Conclusion
In this study, the whole genomes of two strains were sequenced to clarify the basic characteristics of their genomes, laying the foundation for further studying nitrogen-metabolizing bacteria. Halomonas profundus 13 can utilize more carbon sources than Cobetia amphilecti N-80, as indicated by API as well as COG and KEGG prediction results. Finally, through the analysis of the nitrification and denitrification abilities as well as the inorganic carbon fixation ability of the two strains, the related genes were identified, and the possible metabolic pathways were predicted. Together, these results provide molecular markers and theoretical support for the mechanisms of inorganic carbon fixation by deep-sea microorganisms.
Modulation of immunological responses by aqueous extract of Datura stramonium L. seeds on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in Wistar rats
Authors: Joshua Parker Elijah , Yahaya Junaidu , Ekpo Daniel Emmanuel , Ogidigo Joyce Oloaigbe , Odiba Arome Solomon , Asomadu Rita Onyekachukwu , Oka Samson Ayodeji , Adeniyi Olasupo Stephen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDatura stramonium L.(Solanaceae) is used traditionally in west Africa to treat asthma, epilepsy, rheumatoid arthritis, filariasis microbial infections and conjunctivitis. This study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of aqueous seed extract ofD. stramonium L.(ASEDS) on Wistar rats.MethodsThirty Wistar albino rats (180–200 g) were randomized into 6 groups (n = 5). Group 1 received distilled water only. Rats in groups 2–6 were pretreated with 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) Cyclophosphamide orally for 27-days to induce immunosuppression. Thereafter, they received treatment orally for 28 days as follows: Group 2 (distilled water), group 3 (5 mg/kg b.w. Levamisole), groups 4–6 (60, 90 and 120 mg/kg b.w. ASEDS, respectively). HPLC was used to determine major compounds in ASEDS. The effects of ASEDS on immune cells, immunoglobulins A, G and M levels, lipoproteins, and antioxidant status of rats were evaluated.ResultsASEDS indicated high content of Acutumine, Quinine, Catechin, Chlorogenic acid, Gallic acid, Quercetin, Vanillic acid, Luteolin, Formosanin C, Saponin, Cyanidin, Tannic acid, 3-Carene, Limonene and α-terpineol. Cyclophosphamide triggered significant (p < 0.05) reduction in total leucocyte count and differentials, IgA, IgG, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, vitamins A, C and E levels of untreated rats. Administration of ASEDS led to significant (p < 0.05) improvement in immune cell counts, immunoglobulin synthesis, high-density lipoprotein concentration, and antioxidant status of rats in the treated groups.ConclusionsThe results obtained from the study showed the immunomodulatory activity of ASEDS, thereby indicating its potential in immunostimulatory drug discovery.