bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning validation through decision tree analysis of the Epidemiology‐Based Mortality Score in Status Epilepticus
Authors: Brigo Francesco , Turcato Gianni , Lattanzi Simona , Orlandi Niccolò , Turchi Giulia , Zaboli Arian , Giovannini Giada , Meletti Stefano 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to validate the accuracy of the Epidemiology‐Based Mortality Score in Status Epilepticus (EMSE) in predicting the risk of death at 30 days in a large cohort of patients with status epilepticus (SE) using a machine learning system.MethodsWe included consecutive patients with SE admitted from 2013 to 2021 at Modena Academic Hospital. A decision tree analysis was performed using the 30‐day mortality as a dependent variable and the EMSE predictors as input variables. We evaluated the accuracy of EMSE in predicting 30‐day mortality using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC ROC), with 95% confidence interval (CI). We performed a subgroup analysis on nonhypoxic SE.ResultsA total of 698 patients with SE were included, with a 30‐day mortality of 28.9% (202/698). The mean EMSE value in the entire population was 57.1 (SD = 36.3); it was lower in surviving compared to deceased patients (47.1, SD = 31.7 vs. 81.9, SD = 34.8; p < .001). The EMSE was accurate in predicting 30‐day mortality, with an AUC ROC of .782 (95% CI = .747–.816). Etiology was the most relevant predictor, followed by age, electroencephalogram (EEG), and EMSE comorbidity group B. The decision tree analysis using EMSE variables correctly predicted the risk of mortality in 77.9% of cases; the prediction was accurate in 85.7% of surviving and in 58.9% of deceased patients within 30 days after SE. In nonhypoxic SE, the most relevant predictor was age, followed by EEG, and EMSE comorbidity group B; the prediction was correct in 78.9% of all cases (89.6% in survivors and 46.1% in nonsurvivors).SignificanceThis validation study using a machine learning analysis shows that the EMSE is a valuable prognostic tool, and appears particularly accurate and effective in identifying patients with 30‐day survival, whereas its performance in predicting 30‐day mortality is lower and needs to be further improved.
Novel distance and entropy definitions for linear Diophantine fuzzy sets and an extension of TOPSIS (LDF‐TOPSIS)
Authors: Gül Sait , Aydoğdu Ali 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe literature of multiple attribute decision making (MADM) is fruitful since there are various and successful applications of different fuzzy set extensions such as intuitionistic, Pythagorean and q‐Rung orthopair fuzzy sets (IFS, PFS and q‐ROFS). Besides their powerful aspects, some definitional limitations are known. In order to eradicate these boundaries regarding the definitions of membership and non‐membership degrees, linear Diophantine fuzzy set (LDFS) concept has been recently emerged. By considering two parameters, LDFS extends the representation area of the previous fuzzy set definitions and provides more extensive human judgement coverage field. In this study, the first distance and entropy measures in the literature have been developed for LDFSs. Their axiomatic definitions are given, and the proofs are shown. Also, thanks to our extensive literature review, we became aware that there is no MADM extension dedicatedly proposed for LDFS. So, the first MADM method extension for LDFS environment has also been developed in this study. A very well‐known MADM approach, TOPSIS, has been extended into LDFS environment for the first time in the literature. The applicability is shown in a healthcare management decision problem and the validity is checked and approved by comparing the alternative rankings LDF‐TOPSIS and the aggregation operators that were obtained from the literature produced.
Limited spatial rescue potential for coral reefs lost to future climate warming
Authors: Greiner Ariel , Andrello Marco , Darling Emily , Krkošek Martin , Fortin Marie‐Josée 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThe aim was to determine reef connectivity and future coral cover levels under global scenarios of coral bleaching loss and potential recovery.LocationGlobal coral reefs.Time periodPresent‐day to 2100.Major taxa studiedScleractinian coral.MethodsWe used a global coral larval dispersal model that describes population connectivity among reefs at a resolution of ⅙° × ⅙° (c. 18 km × 18 km) cells. To simulate different patterns of bleaching events, we ran three scenarios at different levels of coral reef habitat loss followed by a reseeding of coral larvae from surviving reefs to simulate recovery.ResultsWe found a total of 604 distinct reef networks, but more than half of the world's reef cells are contained in six large coral reef networks (294–5,494 cells), whereas the rest form smaller networks. In the bleaching scenario where previously identified predicted climate refugia were maintained, initial connectivity was largely preserved even when 71% of global coral reef habitat was lost, but the relict reef cells were unable to reseed even 50% of former coral reef habitat because many of the relict reefs are in the same networks as each other. In scenarios where refugia were lost first or with random loss, less of the initial connectivity was maintained, but more widespread reseeding was possible because more reef cells within smaller networks were maintained.Main conclusionsOur findings highlight the importance of maintaining functional coral reef habitat outside of predicted climate refugia to sustain connectivity globally, and suggest an important role for “stepping stone” reefs between the climate refugia. Without attention to these issues of habitat loss and connectivity, much of global coral reef habitat might not be reseeded without human intervention.
Dataset for pathology reporting of ductal carcinoma in situ, variants of lobular carcinoma in situ and low‐grade lesions: recommendations from the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR)
Authors: Fox Stephen B , Webster Fleur , Chen Chih‐Jung , Chua Boon , Collins Laura , Foschini Maaria‐Pia , Bruce Mann G , Millar Ewan , Pinder Sarah E , Rakha Emad , Shaaban Abeer , Tan Benjamin Y , Tse Gary , Watson Peter , Tan Puy Hoon 
Published: July 2022

AimsTo describe a new international dataset for pathology reporting of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), variants of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) and low‐grade lesions (encapsulated papillary carcinoma, solid papillary carcinoma in situ, Paget's disease) produced by the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR).Methods and resultsThe ICCR, a global alliance of pathology bodies, uses a rigorous and efficient process for the development of evidence‐based, structured datasets for pathology reporting of common cancers. Their aim is to support quality pathology reporting and engender understanding between the breast surgeon, pathologist, and oncologist for optimal and uniform patient management globally. Here we describe the dataset for DCIS, some variants of LCIS (namely the pleomorphic and the florid variants), and low‐grade lesions by a multidisciplinary panel of internationally recognized experts. The agreed dataset comprises 12 core (required) and five noncore (recommended) elements suitable for both developed and low‐income jurisdictions, derived from a review of current evidence. Areas of contention were addressed using a pragmatic approach in the absence of evidence. Use of all core elements is the minimum reporting standard for any individual case. Commentary is provided, explaining each element's clinical relevance, definitions to be applied where appropriate for the agreed list of value options and the rationale for considering the element as core or noncore.ConclusionThis first internationally agreed dataset for DCIS, variants of LCIS, and low‐grade lesions reporting will enable their standardization of pathology reporting and enhance clinicopathological communication leading to improved patient outcomes. Widespread adoption will also facilitate international comparisons, multinational clinical trials, and help to improve the management of breast disease globally.
Microstructure design for bone void filler
Authors: Tuan Wei‐Hsing , Chen Ying‐Cen , Hsu Pei‐Yi , Chang Hao‐Yu , Yeh Li‐Yun , Chen Chih‐Yi , Lai Po‐Liang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBone void fillers are used to fill in the empty space within bone defect. The use of fillers is aiming to reduce the time required for healing the defect. The filler should show the resistance to washout and the ability of adsorption within human body. In the present study, a microstructure design approach is employed to evaluate the performance of bone void filler. The microstructure features, such as the contacts between particles, the size of pores, and their interconnectivity, are considered. The pellets composing of these microstructure features are prepared for in vitro and in vivo evaluations. The type of contacts between resorbable particles plays a key role on washout resistance. The interconnectivity of pores affects significantly on the absorption rate in vivo. Through the control of these microstructure characteristics, the resorbable behavior of bone void filler can be tailored.
Practices, challenges, and impacts of teaching and learning French as a second language in Ontario secondary schools: Focus on tech‐oriented students
Authors: Takam Alain Flaubert , Gillis Steven A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the practices, challenges, and future potential of the French as a second language (FSL) program in the Canadian province of Ontario's secondary schools, with a particular focus on those interested in technological and business programs. Questionnaires were filled out by students, parents, and teachers in six secondary schools. The responses offered insights into the current situation in Ontario's FSL, as well as into the possible utility of, and desire for, the development of FSL courses aimed at students learning in technological and business fields. The findings and their potential implications for FSL in Ontario will be presented.
Mendelian randomization analysis identified causal Association of Childhood Obesity with adult major depressive disorder
Authors: Yan Shan‐Shan , Xu Qian , Han Bai‐Xue , Ni Jing‐Jing , Wei Xin‐Tong , Feng Gui‐Juan , Zhang Hong , Zhang You‐Jie , Zhang Lei , Yu Wen‐Yuan , Pei Yu‐Fang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildhood obesity is associated with adult major depressive disorder (MDD), but their causality is not clear.MethodsWe performed a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causality of childhood body mass index (BMI) and childhood obesity on MDD, followed by a multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis to investigate the potential role of adult BMI in mediating such effect. We accessed genome‐wide association summary statistics of childhood BMI, childhood obesity, adult BMI and adult MDD from the Early Growth Genetics consortium (nBMI = 47 541, nobesity = 24 160), the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits consortium (nadult_BMI = ∼700 000) and the Psychiatric Genomics consortium (nMDD = 500 199), respectively. The MR‐PRESSO test was performed to remove SNPs with potential pleiotropic effect. The MR analysis was performed by inverse‐variance weighted test. Further sensitivity analyses, including the MR‐Egger intercept test and leave‐one‐out analysis, were performed to evaluate the reliability of the results.ResultsOur study found that childhood obesity might increase the odds of developing MDD in adults (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.06, p = 2.6 × 10−3). Children with higher BMI were more likely to develop MDD in adulthood, with an OR of 1.12 per standard deviation score (SDS) increase in BMI (95% CI: 1.07–1.17, p = 4.4 × 10−7). Sensitivity analyses verified the reliability of the causality between childhood BMI/obesity and MDD. Further MVMR results revealed that the impact of childhood BMI on MDD risk was predominantly mediated by adult BMI.ConclusionOur findings provided evidence of a causal relationship between childhood BMI/obesity and adult MDD, thus providing new insights into the prevention of MDD.
Embracing brain and behaviour: Designing programs of complementary neurophysiological and behavioural studies
Authors: Kirwan C. Brock , Vance Anthony , Jenkins Jeffrey L. , Anderson Bonnie Brinton 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNeuroIS—the methods and knowledge of neuroscience applied to the information systems (IS) domain—has become an established research field within the IS discipline. A key advantage of NeuroIS is its ability to provide insights into human cognition beyond those obtained using behavioural techniques alone. Nevertheless, in neuroscience, there is renewed interest in examining behaviour together with neurophysiological methods to better inform our understanding of neural processes. In this research opinion article, we argue that in the field of NeuroIS, there is an opportunity for hybrid programs of study that combine neurophysiological and behavioural methods in a complementary manner. We outline four strategies for designing complementary neurophysiological and behavioural experiments in a research program: (1) observe the relationship between neural processes and behavioural change; (2) combine neurophysiological and behavioural methods to enhance internal, external, and ecological validity; (3) extend, rather than replicate, experiments based on theory; and (4) use neurophysiological and behavioural experiments together to evaluate IT artefact design. By applying these strategies, researchers can more effectively design programs using complementary neurophysiological and behavioural methods, which, in turn, can help to provide richer insights into the phenomena under study as well as accelerate the advancement of IS knowledge.
Insight into the spectroscopic behavior of Dy3+‐substituted and Li+ charge–compensated molybdate phosphors
Authors: Nayak Priyanka , Nanda Sushri Sangita , Gupta Santosh K. , Sudarshan K. , Dash S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEfficient utilization of phosphors in solid‐state lighting and phosphor‐converted light‐emitting diodes demands high emission intensity, narrow size distribution, and tunable luminescence. Here in this work, un‐doped and Li+ co‐doped CaMoO4:Dy3+ nanoparticles are synthesized via modified reflux method in ethylene glycol medium at 130°C. The host shows broad dual band emission centered in blue and green regions endowed by charge transfer and defects. Upon Dy3+ doping, the host‐to‐dopant energy transfer causes the CaMoO4:Dy3+ nanoparticles to exhibit characteristic emission lines from Dy3+. The Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE 1931) chromaticity coordinates for the prepared phosphors are estimated and found to lie in the nearly white region of color space. The light output as well as excited state lifetimes are successfully improved by lithium co‐doping by virtue of reduced charge compensating defects and sensitization via oxygen‐related defects. The positron annihilation studies show that all the lithium concentration co‐doped for charge compensation is merely helping in the removal of cations. This work shows the role of lithium co‐doping and its optimum concentration in improving the optical properties of phosphors.
Ultrafast charge carrier dynamics and photoluminescence of CsPbBr3−xIx quantum dots in boro‐germanate glasses
Authors: Liu Yingrui , Wang Jing , Han Jianjun , Liu Chao , Ruan Jian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCsPbBr3−xIx quantum dots were precipitated in boro‐germanate glasses with various Br/I ratios by the melt‐quenching method. When the heat treatment temperature (TH) increased from 480 to 550°C, more I− entered the perovskite crystal lattice, resulting in lattice expansion, the X‐ray diffraction peaks of CsPbBr1.5I1.5 glasses shifted to small angles. The high concentration of I− entered into the perovskite crystal lattice, decreasing the bandgap. The photoluminescence (PL) peaks of CsPbBr1.5I1.5 glasses redshifted from 577 to 620 nm, the PL peaks of CsPbBrI2 glasses shifted from 614 to 636 nm, and the PL peaks of CsPbBr0.5I2.5 glasses shifted from 650 to 672 nm. As the ratio of Br/I reduced from 2.5/0.5 to 0.5/2.5, the PL lifetime of CsPbBr3−xIx glass increased from 2.08 to 74.5 ns. With the delay time from 1 to 1500 ps, the carriers gradually accumulated in the band‐edge state, and the bleaching signal intensity increased. Then more and more carriers returned to the ground state through radiative or nonradiative recombination, the bleaching signal intensity decreased.
Purification and characterization of a robust thermostable protease isolated from Bacillus subtilis strain HR02 as an extremozyme
Authors: Homaei Ahmad , Izadpanah Qeshmi Fatemeh 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aim
Since the hot water of Genow, a village in Isin rural district in the central district of Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan Province, Iran, has a rich source of thermophilic bacteria, the current study aimed to find a new thermophilic protease enzyme with suitable properties to be used in different industries.

Methods and results
Water and sediment samples were collected from the hot water of Genow, and finally, 20 colonies were isolated. Among these isolated colonies, two bacterial strains grew on the skim milk agar medium, and a clear halo was formed around the colony, which was accurately identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses of isolated strains HR01 and HR02 with registered sequences of 16S rRNA genes in NCBI showed that the two isolates had the most similarity to Bacillus sonorensis and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. Among the two bacterial strains, the highest enzymatic activity was observed in B. subtilis strain HR02, from which the protease purification process was performed. A putative native B. subtilis strain HR02 protease (BSHR02PR) was purified by the UNO Q-6 ionic exchange chromatography method. Biochemical analyses revealed a monomeric enzyme, BsHR02Pro, with a molecular weight of 25 kDa, showing the maximum activity at 70°C and pH 8.0. Moreover, the purified enzyme was stable up to 80 °C and in a pH range of 6.0–12.0. The steady-state kinetic analysis for colloidal casein showed that the Km, Vmax and kcat values of the purified enzyme were 25.7 μM, 93.2 μM min−1 and 2.18 s−1, respectively.

Conclusion
The hot water of Genow is a rich source of protease-producing bacteria. Sediments are a better source for the isolation of these types of bacteria than spring water. Overall, our results demonstrated a potential bacterial enzyme BsHR02Pro as a suitable catalyst to be used in the various industries.
Comparative metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses provide insights into the high-yield mechanism of phenazines biosynthesis in Pseudomonas chlororaphis GP72
Authors: Li Song , Yue Sheng-Jie , Huang Peng , Feng Tong-Tong , Zhang Hong-Yan , Yao Rui-Lian , Wang Wei , Zhang Xue-Hong , Hu Hong-Bo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
Phenazines, such as phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN), 2-hydroxyphenazine-1-carboxylic acid (2-OH-PCA), 2-hydroxyphenazine (2-OH-PHZ), are a class of secondary metabolites secreted by plant-beneficial Pseudomonas. Ps. chlororaphis GP72 utilizes glycerol to synthesize PCA, 2-OH-PCA and 2-OH-PHZ, exhibiting broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Previous studies showed that the addition of dithiothreitol (DTT) could increase the phenazines production in Ps. chlororaphis GP72AN. However, the mechanism of high yield of phenazine by adding DTT is still unclear.

Methods and Results
In this study, untargeted and targeted metabolomic analysis were adopted to determine the content of metabolites. The results showed that the addition of DTT to GP72AN affected the content of metabolites of central carbon metabolism, shikimate pathway and phenazine competitive pathway. Transcriptome analysis was conducted to investigate the changed cellular process, and the result indicated that the addition of DTT affected the expression of genes involved in phenazine biosynthetic cluster and genes involved in phenazine competitive pathway, driving more carbon flux into phenazine biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, genes involved in antioxidative stress, phosphate transport system and mexGHI-opmD efflux pump were also affected by adding DTT.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that the addition of DTT altered the expression of genes related to phenazine biosynthesis, resulting in the change of metabolites involved in central carbon metabolism, shikimate pathway and phenazine competitive pathway.

Significance and Impact of the Study
This work expands the understanding of high yield of phenazine by the addition of DTT and provides several targets for increasing phenazine production.
The antibacterial potency and antibacterial mechanism of a commercially available surface-anchoring quaternary ammonium salt (SAQAS)-based biocide in vitro
Authors: Saseendran Nair Shilpa , Anand Vikash , De Silva Karnika , Wiles Siouxsie , Swift Simon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
To determine the antimicrobial potency of a surface-anchored quaternary ammonium salt (SAQAS)-based biocide during in vitro wet and dry fomite assays and to determine the mechanism of killing bacteria on the surface.

Methods and Results
Wet and dry fomite assays were established in vitro for a commercially available biocide (SAQAS-A) applied to glass and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) surfaces. Both wet and dry fomite tests showed the active killing of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but not endospores. Assays measuring membrane permeability (ATP and DNA release), bacterial membrane potential and bacterial ROS production were correlated with the time-to-kill profiles to show SAQAS-A activity in suspension and applied to a surface.

Conclusions
SAQAS-A is an effective biocide against model strains of vegetative bacteria. The killing mechanism for SAQAS-A observed minimal membrane depolarization, a surge in ROS production and assessment of membrane permeability supported the puncture of cells in both suspension and surface attachment, leading to cell death.

Significance and Impact of the study
SAQAS represents effective surface biocides against single challenges with bacteria through a mechanical killing ability that supports real-world application if their durability can be demonstrated to maintain residual activity.
Complete-genome sequence and in vitro probiotic characteristics analysis of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum YY-26
Authors: Yu Ying , Ren Xinmiao , Cao Linyuan , Liang Qingping , Xiao Mengshi , Cheng Jiaying , Nan Shihao , Zhu Changliang , Kong Qing , Fu Xiaodan , Mou Haijin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
The aim was to isolate a neotype bifidobacteria strain and evaluate its in vitro probiotic potential.

Methods and Results
Bifidobacterium pseudolongum YY-26 (CGMCC 24310) was isolated from faeces of mice treated with low-molecular-weight hydrolyzed guar gum (GMPS) and identified based on 16S rRNA sequence and genome sequence. Whole-genome sequencing obtained using PacBio's single-molecular and Illumina's paired-end sequencing technology. A genome of 2.1 Mb in length, with 1877 predicted protein-coding sequences was obtained. Carbohydrate-Activity enZyme analysis revealed that YY-26 encodes 66 enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism. Whole genome sequence analysis revealed the typical probiotic characteristics of YY-26, including safety in genetic level and ability to produce beneficial metabolites and extracellular polysaccharides. Ability of extensive carbon source utilization and short-chain fatty acid production was observed with single YY-26 cultivation. Considerable acetic acids and lactic acids were determined in GMPS utilization. YY-26 showed tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal tract and displayed appreciable antioxidant activity of free radical scavenging.

Conclusions
B. pseudolongum YY-26 was identified with numerous probiotic-associated genes and its probiotic characteristics were verified in vitro.

Significance and Impact of Study
This study supplemented with limited publicly information regarding the genomes of B. pseudolongum strains and revealed the probiotic potential of YY-26.