bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Risk Factors for Graft Failure due to Chronic Rejection < 15 Years Post‐Transplant in Pediatric Kidney Transplants Using Random Forest Machine‐Learning Techniques
Authors: Suh Hyewon 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic rejection forms the leading cause of late graft loss in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Despite improvement in short‐term graft outcomes, chronic rejection impedes comparable progress in long‐term graft outcomes.MethodsData from the national Standard Transplant Analysis and Research (STAR) quarterly file from 1987 to 2023, provided by the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN), and machine‐learning techniques were leveraged to determine novel risk factors for graft failure due to chronic rejection in pediatric kidney transplants. A predictive model was developed in conjunction, based on the performances of six classification models, including logistic regression, k‐Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, Artificial Neural Network, and Random Forest.ResultsThe 19 pre‐transplant and at‐transplant factors identified include those substantiated in literature, such as living donor type, cold ischemic time, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching, recipient age, and recipient race. Other factors include one‐haplotype matched transplants, recipient age being < 5 years, and the proximities of the most and least recent serum crossmatch tests to transplantation. The latter may correlate with recipient sensitization and socioeconomic disparities, but further research must be done to validate this hypothesis. The Random Forest model was selected based on its performance metrics (AUC 0.81).ConclusionsThis case–control study identifies key factors for chronic rejection‐caused graft failure 15 years post‐transplant in pediatric kidney transplants and develops a Random Forest predictive model based on these factors. Continued investigation is needed to better understand the variables contributing to pediatric chronic kidney rejection.
The complex I subunit B22 contains a LYR domain that is crucial for an interaction with the mitochondrial acyl carrier protein SDAP1
Authors: Saha Saurabh , Parlar Simge , Meyer Etienne H. , Murcha Monika W. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYMitochondrial complex I (CI), a large multi‐subunit respiratory complex contains two LYR (leucine/tyrosine/arginine) domain‐containing subunits, B14 (NDUA6/LYRM6) and B22 (NDUB9/LYRM3). Mitochondrial LYR (LYRM) proteins are soluble matrix‐located proteins that have been implicated in diverse functions such as iron–sulphur cluster insertion, OXPHOS complex assembly, and mitoribosome biogenesis. B14 and B22 are unique to other LYRM proteins in that they are integral components of CI. To explore the function of B22, we examined T‐DNA insertional knockout and knockdown lines, which displayed a mild growth defect linked to reduced CI activity and abundance. Notably, this defect could not be rescued by complementation with a B22 variant that contained a mutated LYR domain, indicating the domain's critical role in B22's function. Protein interaction assays further revealed that the LYR domain is crucial for B22's interaction with the neighbouring CI subunit, mitochondrial acyl carrier protein SDAP1. Similarly, T‐DNA insertional knockdown lines of SDAP1 showed a comparable CI defect, suggesting that the interaction between B22 and SDAP1, mediated by the LYR domain, is important for the function and assembly of CI.
SlASR3 mediates crosstalk between auxin and jasmonic acid signaling to regulate trichome formation in tomato
Authors: Zheng Xianzhe , Jian Yongfei , Long Qian , Luo Yingqing , Xu Xin , Zhang Qiongdan , Cheng Yulin , Huang Baowen , Qiu Dan , Li Zhengguo , Zheng Jirong , Zhang Weiqing , Deng Wei 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYTrichomes play a pivotal role in plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Both auxin and jasmonic acid (JA) could induce tomato type II, V, and VI trichome formation. However, the existence of crosstalk between auxin and JA in trichome formation is not yet fully elucidated. In this study, we identified a Trihelix/MYB‐like gene, SlASR3, is inhibited by both auxin and JA and is expressed in type II and VI trichomes in tomatoes. Knock‐down or knockout of SlASR3 increased the densities of type II and VI trichomes, whereas overexpression of SlASR3 reduced the densities of type II and VI trichomes. SlASR3 was involved in the indole acetic acid (IAA)‐ and JA‐induced formation of these trichome types. SlARF4 negatively regulated the transcription of SlASR3, and its effect on IAA‐induced trichome formation depended on SlASR3. Likewise, SlMYC1 negatively regulated the transcription of SlASR3, and the regulation of SlMYC1 on JA‐induced trichome formation was also SlASR3‐dependent. Knock‐down or knockout of SlASR3 increased the resistance to two‐spotted spider mites in tomatoes. The research findings demonstrate that SlASR3 acts as a mediator in the crosstalk between JA and auxin signaling to regulate trichome formation and provide a new candidate gene for enhancing resistance to two‐spotted spider mites.
Complex of intratumoral mycobiome and bacteriome predicts the recurrence of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mao Xinhui , Huang Huiying , Zhao Limin , Li Feiran , Wang Zhenwei , Yuan Xiaohui , Lau Hui-Ching , Hsueh Chi-Yao , Zhang Ming 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Dysbiosis of intratumoral fungal and bacterial communities is associated with poor prognosis in various cancers. However, the mycobiome characteristics in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and its correlation with recurrence have not yet been investigated. The mycobiome in 80 LSCC samples was characterized using internal transcribed spacer sequencing, encompassing both tumor tissues and their matched para-cancerous tissues. The intratumoral bacteriome was further identified using 16S rRNA sequencing. These two microbial communities were analyzed using bioinformatics and statistical methods to determine its potential correlation with LSCC recurrence. The fungal alpha diversity in tumors was higher compared with that in para-cancerous tissues (
P
< 0.001). A significant difference in the overall fungal community patterns between tumor tissues and para-cancerous tissues was observed based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity (
P
< 0.001). The presence of
Alloprevotella
,
Porphyromonas
,
Candida
, and
Fusarium
in tumors exhibited a correlation with alcohol consumption. The relative abundance of
Penicillium
,
Exophiala
, and
Aspergillus
in the mycobiome, as well as that of
Alloprevotella
,
Porphyromonas
, and
Peptostreptococcus
in the bacteriome significantly increased the risk of LSCC recurrence (
P
< 0.05). These six microorganisms can combine to form a
microbial complex
, which may independently contribute to recurrence risk in patients with LSCC when enriched within the tumor (hazard ratio = 6.844,
P
< 0.01). Intratumoral fungi and bacteria can be valuable indicators for assessing recurrence in patients with LSCC, indicating their potential as valuable targets for therapeutic intervention.

IMPORTANCE
Our results revealed that dysbiosis of intratumoral microbiota, including increased fungal community diversity and overgrowth of several fungal or bacterial organisms, is substantially linked to the recurrence of LSCC. Drinking habits might alter the laryngeal microbiota to influence the recurrence of LSCC. We also explored a method to potentially predict the recurrence of LSCC from a novel perspective. These findings could offer insights into the etiology of LSCC and pave way to prevent and treat LSCC.
A synopsis of Raspailia Nardo, 1833 (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the tropical and warm-temperate Southwestern Atlantic, with the description of four new species
Authors: Recinos Radharanne , Cavalcanti Thaynã , Hajdu Eduardo , Pinheiro Ulisses 
Published: February 2025

The tropical and warm-temperate Southwestern Atlantic, off the coastline of Brazil, has received substantial biodiversity inventory in the last decades. Sponges are a prominent part in this effort, which has led to the exploration of undersampled areas and taxonomic revisions. Raspailia comprises 79 species worldwide, 25 of which from the Atlantic, and up to now, only four from the tropical and warm-temperate Southwestern Atlantic. To conduct a much-needed systematic revision, we analyze materials collected from several localities spanning this vast area. Here, we describe four new species: R. ( Raspaxilla) bonsai sp. nov., R. ( Raspaxilla) konika sp. nov., R. ( Raspaxilla) estilingue sp. nov., and Raspailia ( Raspaxilla) leblanci sp. nov. Besides the new species, we redescribed R. ( Raspaxilla) tenuis Ridley & Dendy, 1886 based on revision of the holotype, described new records of R. ( Raspaxilla) muricyana Moraes, 2011 from the NE Brazilian coast, previously known only from the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, and described new specimens of R. ( Raspaxilla) bouryesnaultae Lerner et al. 2006. Seven species of Raspailia are now known in this large sector of the Atlantic, almost double what was known before. An identification key for these species is proposed.
Efficiency assessment of taxi operations using data envelopment analysis
Authors: Loureiro A. L. D. , Oliveira Renata , Miguéis V. L. , Costa Álvaro , Ferreira Michel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The economic development, well-being of the population, and environmental protection are all strongly linked to a sustainable transportation network. In this sense, in order to ensure a high level of sustainability, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of this sector. As an integrated element of these transportation systems, the efficiency assessment of taxis’ operations is essential in setting managerial strategies for leveraging the sustainability of taxi system.

Methodology
This study employs a two-stage bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis approach to assess the efficiency of taxis’ operations, with a focus on minimizing service time and distance traveled. Additionally, this study innovates on investigating the impact of distinct contextual factors on efficiency scores attained to uncover the determinants of taxi operations’ efficiency. The methodology is validated using real data collected from onboard devices of a fleet operating in a Portuguese city over a one-year period.

Results
The results obtained show that taxis of the fleet can significantly reduce service time and distance traveled, without affecting output levels. Moreover, the decisive role of the stands where taxis queue on the efficiency of their operation is also verified.

Conclusions
The findings can support practitioners in reaching a more suitable and efficient allocation of resources, leading to a more sustainable transportation combined with improved business results. Furthermore, this study contributes to the current literature by suggesting recommendations to assist managers and public administrators in defining improvement actions for the taxi sector.
Why patients fail to seek information on OTC product interactions with a direct-acting oral anticoagulant: perspectives on information-seeking
Authors: Magee Marley P.D. , Schwartz Janice B. , McArthur Amanda , Liu Ruey-Ying , Tarn Derjung M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Many patients taking direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) also consume over-the-counter (OTC) products (dietary supplements and OTC medications), yet many lack knowledge of potential interactions that may increase or decrease DOAC efficacy and may not seek information about OTC products. The objective of this study was to describe patient attitudes and beliefs that inhibited information seeking about potential apixaban-OTC product interactions.

Methods
Participants included English-, Spanish-, Mandarin-, and Cantonese-speaking adults from two large academic medical centers who reported taking apixaban (a frequently prescribed DOAC) in the past month. Thematic analysis was performed on semi-structured interviews.

Results
Sixty patients aged 24–93 years (mean = 65.3; SD = 15.6) were interviewed; 55% were women. Participants took a total of 236 OTC products. Those with potential interactions with apixaban warranting consideration for therapy modification included: ibuprofen (n = 14; 5.9%), aspirin (n = 8; 3.4%), and naproxen (n = 3; 1.3%). Interviews revealed 5 major themes related to a lack of information-seeking about OTC products: (1) patients lack awareness of the potential for interactions; (2) patients believe that OTC products are safe and/or regulated (largely because they were familiar with the products, had previously taken them, or assumed that dietary supplements were regulated by the Food and Drug Administration); (3) patients believe that providers are responsible for alerting patients about potential interactions (as patients assumed that providers were aware of their OTC product use); (4) patients had prior knowledge of and/or used OTC products infrequently; and (5) obtaining information can be inconvenient. Inquiries regarding preferred information sources revealed 59 (98.3%) patients most frequently sought or would seek information from physicians and 34 (56.7%) from the internet.

Conclusions
Patients taking apixaban raised reasons for not seeking information about potential OTC product interactions that included poor awareness, perceptions regarding the safety of OTC products, and beliefs in provider responsibility for informing them about interactions. Greater patient education is needed regarding the potential for OTC product-DOAC interactions and the regulation of OTC products, particularly dietary supplements.
“I’m not alone”: perinatal women’s experiences in an online self-directed program for perinatal anxiety
Authors: Uchechukwu Light , Hardman Madison P. , Hadley Isabelle , Gornik Megan E. , Petty Sarah K. , Pryor Teaghan A. M. , Alcolado Gillian M. , Furer Patricia , Reynolds Kristin A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Anxiety is highly prevalent during pregnancy and postpartum, and access to treatment can be difficult due to a range of barriers (e.g., time, distance, and service availability). Online treatments have the potential to circumvent these barriers and may, therefore, be beneficial for the perinatal population. The present study leveraged qualitative methods to understand participants’ perspectives on their use of a six-module online self-directed Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) program for perinatal anxiety as part of a randomized controlled trial.

Methods
A mixed qualitative method design was used for this study. A total of 95 perinatal women were randomized to an intervention or waitlist control condition for an online self-directed program (Overcoming Perinatal Anxiety; OPA). Both waitlist and intervention participants provided open-ended feedback on each module via online surveys. A subset of individuals (n = 20) assigned to the intervention condition completed a virtual qualitative interview about their experiences using the program. Data obtained from open-ended survey questions and qualitative interviews were analyzed using Conventional Content Analysis (open-ended survey) and Reflexive Thematic Analysis (interviews).

Results
Open-ended survey data were categorized into three themes, with associated sub-themes: User experience (subthemes: accessibility and modality), Perceptions of content (sub-themes: validating, informative, hopeful, anxiety-inducing, emotionally “heavy”, and helpful), and Barriers to program engagement (subthemes: lack of time and energy, technical difficulties, challenging and external factors). Qualitative interview data were categorized into the following main themes, with associated subthemes: Tensions in engaging with the self-directed program (subthemes: connecting and multi-tasking, “finding the time,” module length and pacing, pen to paper, and “thanks for the reminder but don’t rush me”), “I’m not alone,” (subthemes: relating to the content, sharing anxiety with “inner circle,” and voicing a desire to connect with other “moms feeling the same way”), and “I’m managing my anxiety” (subthemes: “understanding my anxiety,” using “strategies to help with my anxiety,” “taking time for myself,” and moving forward).

Conclusion
Findings highlight that online self-directed treatment can be an acceptable and feasible option for perinatal anxiety. Findings show promise for the scalability of OPA to improve access to psychological treatment for perinatal people experiencing anxiety.

Trial registration
Clinical Trial Identifier: NCT04844138 (clinicaltrials.gov).

Trial registration submitted: [April 5, 2021] accepted: [April 14, 2021].
Facilitators and barriers to participation and scale-up of a non-specialist delivered psychological intervention for adolescents in low-resourced settings: a process evaluation
Authors: Terp Alissa M. , Habashneh Rand , Brown Felicity L. , Abualhaija Adnan , Aqel Ibrahim S. , Ghatasheh Maha , Bryant Richard , Jordans Mark J. D. , Malik Aiysha , Mittendorfer-Rutz Ellenor , Akhtar Aemal 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Globally, the number of refugees and displaced individuals has surpassed 100 million for the first time in history. Refugees are more likely than non-refugee populations to experience psychological distress and develop mental disorders. Early Adolescent Skills for Emotion (EASE), developed by the World Health Organization, is a potentially scalable task-sharing intervention targeting symptoms of internalizing disorders such as depression and anxiety for 10–15 years old and their caregiver. Prior to this study a randomized controlled trial in Amman, Jordan was conducted showing effectiveness of EASE reducing caregiver distress and inconsistent disciplinary parenting as well as reducing internalizing problems in adolescence. This study aims to explore individual and contextual barriers and facilitators for scaling the EASE intervention for Syrian refugees in Jordan. Ten semi-structured interviews and four focus group discussions were conducted between October 2020 and February 2023 with five key mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) informants, eight EASE providers, 11 adolescents, and 12 caregivers. Purposeful quota sampling technique was used to recruit participants with attention to sex and age and number of interviews and focus group discussions determined through empirical saturation. Inductive and deductive codes were utilized in a six-step thematic analysis. Participants reported a beneficial impact of EASE sessions in terms of reducing experienced anxiety levels, improved communication between adolescents and caregivers, reduced feelings of anger and jealousy, and improved familial relationships. Individual participation was hampered by transportation issues, scheduling conflicts, gender-mixed groups, and competing responsibilities. Scale-up facilitators included; increased mental health awareness, perceived low cost of EASE, feasibility of delivery by non-specialists, and an intervention engaging both adolescents and caregivers. Barriers included location, online sessions, sustainability, general implementation issues caused by individual barriers, and some concerns about non-specialists. Results add nuances not detected in the previous randomized control trial in Jordan and provide important context for understanding effectiveness results. Future research should investigate the cost-effectiveness of EASE along with stepped-care implementation models to provide EASE within existing health systems.
Determining the methodological rigor and overall quality of out-of-hospital clinical practice guidelines: a scoping review
Authors: Schultz Brendan V. , Barker Timothy H. , Bosley Emma , Munn Zachary 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Out-of-hospital clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) guide paramedics, emergency medical technicians and first responders, but their quality remains uncertain. This scoping review aims to identify, aggregate and describe all literature that has used a structured appraisal instrument to assess the methodological rigor and overall quality of out-of-hospital CPGs.

Methods
This study was conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and involved systematically searching the following databases and/or information sources with no publication or language limit applied: MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier), CINAHL with full text (EBSCO), Scopus (Elsevier), ProQuest Central (ProQuest).

Results
This review identified 15 articles that appraised 311 unique out-of-hospital CPGs. These CPGs ranged in date of publication from 1998 to 2022. The majority of CPGs (267/311) were assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE-II) instrument, with 146 guidelines appraised against two tools. Following aggregation, CPGs scored highest in Domain 4 (clarity of presentation) at 77.7% (SD = 15.1%), and lowest in Domain 5 (applicability) at 42.6% (SD = 23.7%). The average Domain 3 score (rigor of development) was 55.6% (SD = 25.7%). Of CPGs appraised against the AGREE-II instrument, 34.4% met our a priori definition of being high-quality (Domain 3 score of equal to or greater than 75%), while 31.3% were deemed medium-quality (Domain 3 score between 74% and 50%), and 34.3% were considered low-quality (Domain 3 score less than 50%). There were no significant changes observed in the average Domain 3 score over time (p = 0.092). 146 CPGs were assessed against the National Academy of Medicine criteria with 34.9% meeting all elements indicative of being a high-quality guideline, while 39 CPGs were assessed the 2016 National Health and Medical Research Council Standards for Guidelines with 0% meeting all criteria.

Conclusions
Out-of-hospital CPGs currently have poor methodological rigor and are of medium to low overall quality. These results should be used to inform future research and initiatives that aim to standardize the methods used to develop guidelines used in this healthcare setting.
Proteomic insights into molecular alterations associated with Kawasaki disease in children
Authors: Wang Chengyi , Yu Wenxin , Wu Xinyue , Wang Shibiao , Chen Lumin , Liu Guanghua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a pediatric vasculitis that can lead to coronary artery complications if not promptly diagnosed. Its nonspecific early symptoms, primarily fever, often result in misdiagnosis. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for early KD diagnosis using proteomic analysis of blood samples.

Methods
Serum samples were collected from three groups: children with acute KD (n = 20, CQB group), age-matched febrile children with bacterial infections (n = 20, C group), and children recovered from KD (n = 8, CQBC group). Proteomic analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed proteins in serum specimens, followed by functional and pathway enrichment analysis.

Results
Compared to controls, 92 proteins were upregulated and 101 were downregulated in acute KD, with significant enrichment in the AMPK pathway. In recovered KD, 537 proteins were upregulated and 231 downregulated, predominantly affecting the PI3K-Akt pathway. A total of 56 proteins showed contrasting expression patterns between acute and recovery phases, implicating the complement and coagulation cascades. Notably, complement component 6 (C6), complement component 3 (C3), and α1-antitrypsin (A1AT) emerged as potential biomarkers involved in KD progression and recovery.

Conclusions
C6, C3, and A1AT may serve as novel biomarkers for early KD diagnosis and monitoring. These findings provide new insights into KD pathogenesis and potential targets for clinical application.