bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil phosphorus status and P nutrition strategies of European beech forests on carbonate compared to silicate parent material
Authors: Prietzel Jörg , Krüger Jaane , Kaiser Klaus , Amelung Wulf , Bauke Sara L. , Dippold Michaela A. , Kandeler Ellen , Klysubun Wantana , Lewandowski Hans , Löppmann Sebastian , Luster Jörg , Marhan Sven , Puhlmann Heike , Schmitt Marius , Siegenthaler Maja B. , Siemens Jan , Spielvogel Sandra , Willbold Sabine , Wolff Jan , Lang Friederike 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSustainable forest management requires understanding of ecosystem phosphorus (P) cycling. Lang et al. (2017) [Biogeochemistry,https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-017-0375-0] introduced the concept of P-acquiringvs.P-recycling nutrition strategies for European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests on silicate parent material, and demonstrated a change from P-acquiring to P-recycling nutrition from P-rich to P-poor sites. The present study extends this silicate rock-based assessment to forest sites with soils formed from carbonate bedrock. For all sites, it presents a large set of general soil and bedrock chemistry data. It thoroughly describes the soil P status and generates a comprehensive concept on forest ecosystem P nutrition covering the majority of Central European forest soils. For this purpose, an Ecosystem P Nutrition Index (ENIP) was developed, which enabled the comparison of forest P nutrition strategies at the carbonate sites in our study among each other and also with those of the silicate sites investigated by Lang et al. (2017). The P status of forest soils on carbonate substrates was characterized by low soil P stocks and a large fraction of organic Ca-bound P (probably largely Ca phytate) during early stages of pedogenesis. Soil P stocks, particularly those in the mineral soil and of inorganic P forms, including Al- and Fe-bound P, became more abundant with progressing pedogenesis and accumulation of carbonate rock dissolution residue. Phosphorus-rich impure, silicate-enriched carbonate bedrock promoted the accumulation of dissolution residue and supported larger soil P stocks, mainly bound to Fe and Al minerals. In carbonate-derived soils, only low P amounts were bioavailable during early stages of pedogenesis, and, similar to P-poor silicate sites, P nutrition of beech forests depended on tight (re)cycling of P bound in forest floor soil organic matter (SOM). In contrast to P-poor silicate sites, where the ecosystem P nutrition strategy is direct biotic recycling of SOM-bound organic P, recycling during early stages of pedogenesis on carbonate substrates also involves the dissolution of stable Ca-Porgprecipitates formed from phosphate released during SOM decomposition. In contrast to silicate sites, progressing pedogenesis and accumulation of P-enriched carbonate bedrock dissolution residue at the carbonate sites promote again P-acquiring mechanisms for ecosystem P nutrition.
AI Decision Making with Dignity? Contrasting Workers’ Justice Perceptions of Human and AI Decision Making in a Human Resource Management Context
Authors: Bankins Sarah , Formosa Paul , Griep Yannick , Richards Deborah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUsing artificial intelligence (AI) to make decisions in human resource management (HRM) raises questions of how fair employees perceive these decisions to be and whether they experience respectful treatment (i.e., interactional justice). In this experimental survey study with open-ended qualitative questions, we examine decision making in six HRM functions and manipulate the decision maker (AI or human) and decision valence (positive or negative) to determine their impact on individuals’ experiences of interactional justice, trust, dehumanization, and perceptions of decision-maker role appropriateness. In terms of decision makers, the use of human decision makers over AIs generally resulted in better perceptions of respectful treatment. In terms of decision valence, people experiencing positive over negative decisions generally resulted in better perceptions of respectful treatment. In instances where these cases conflict, on some indicators people preferred positive AI decisions over negative human decisions. Qualitative responses show how people identify justice concerns with both AI and human decision making. We outline implications for theory, practice, and future research.
Urbanity, Neighbourhood Characteristics and Perceived Quality of Life (QoL): Analysis of Individual and Contextual Determinants for Perceived QoL in 3300 Postal Code Areas in Finland
Authors: Weckroth Mikko , Ala-Mantila Sanna , Ballas Dimitris , Ziogas Thanasis , Ikonen Jonna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis analysis examines the geography of subjective wellbeing within a single country via a novel dataset consisting of more than 26,000 respondents embedded in 3100 postal code areas in Finland. We include a detailed indicator on the level of urbanity of the respondent’s location derived from a 250 × 250 m GIS grid, contextual measures of the postal code area´s socioeconomic status as well as proximity to the nearest urban locality and capital city. This analytical framework model makes it possible to examine both individual and contextual determinants for perceived quality of life (QoL). In addition, we include individual-level measures on mental health (Mental Health Inventory MHI-5) and satisfaction with housing and neighbourhood characteristics. The results show that when controlling for socioeconomic factors living in an inner urban area or a neighbourhood (postal code area) with a high unemployment rate are associated with lower QoL and. Also, the share of population with a tertiary education in a postal code area has a positive effect for individual QoL. However, the effects of inner urban living and unemployment rate become insignificant when including mental health indicators and perceived loneliness. In sum, the results confirm and add more detail to earlier findings on lower QoL in urban context and connect living in inner urban area to mental health indicators. As such, the analysis provides further evidence for the positive QoL effects of more rural living while having an access to health and other services.
Futurising science education: students’ experiences from a course on futures thinking and quantum computing
Authors: Rasa Tapio , Palmgren Elina , Laherto Antti 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo promote students’ value-based agency, responsible science and sustainability, science education must address how students think about their personal and collective futures. However, research has shown that young people find it difficult to fully relate to the future and its possibilities, and few studies have focused on the potential of science education to foster futures thinking and agency. We report on a project that further explored this potential by developing future-oriented science courses drawing on the field of futures studies. Phenomenographic analysis was used on interview data to see what changes upper-secondary school students saw in their futures perceptions and agentic orientations after attending a course which adapted futures thinking skills in the context of quantum computing and technological approaches to global problems. The results show students perceiving the future and technological development as more positive but also more unpredictable, seeing their possibilities for agency as clearer and more promising (especially by identifying with their peers or aspired career paths), and feeling a deeper connection to the otherwise vague idea of futures. Students also felt they had learned to question deterministic thinking and to think more creatively about their own lives as well as technological and non-technological solutions to global problems. Both quantum physics and futures thinking opened new perspectives on uncertainty and probabilistic thinking. Our results provide further validation for a future-oriented approach to science education, and highlight essential synergies between futures thinking skills, agency, and authentic socio-scientific issues in developing science education for the current age.
The use of Savary-Gilliard dilators in the treatment of an oesophageal stricture in a cat
Authors: Kaczmar Ewa , Makowska Krystyna , Rychlik Andrzej 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOesophageal strictures in cats and dogs are relatively rare and the cause of this disorder can be multifactorial. However, the most common cause in cats is an inflammatory process.Conservative treatment strategies for this disorder includes image-guided interventions. Endoscopic methods are a form of a minimally invasive surgical treatment of the oesophageal strictures. Several endoscopic methods for the therapy of this condition are known, one of them is Savary-Gilliard dilators technique.In the present study of a case of oesophageal stricture in a cat, caused probably by doxycycline treatment without water administration, the authors used the Savary-Gilliard dilators as a therapy for its condition. The animal underwent 3 endoscopy procedures, where in the third one no abnormality in the oesophagus was observed. Moreover, the cat was asymptomatic 6 months after the last oesophagoscopy.In the authors opinion, based on the present case, some experience of the authors and previously described studies, the Savary-Gilliard dilators seems to be a safe, effective, relatively cheap and minimally invasive method of the oesophageal stricture therapy in the cat.
Energy analysis of a wood or pellet stove in a single-family house equipped with gas boiler and radiators
Authors: Marigo Marco , Zulli Fabio , Bordignon Sara , Carnieletto Laura , Emmi Giuseppe , De Carli Michele 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the residential sector, biomass appliances are widely used for space heating and often combined with other systems. This work aims at comparing the final and primary energy consumption of different configurations, including a conventional and a ducted pellet stove and a wood log stove using air as heat transfer fluid. A dynamic analysis of the interaction between biomass stoves and conventional heating systems, such as gas boilers and radiators, is carried out within a typical single-family house in a mild climate, using TRNSYS software. In addition, natural ventilation of the building is considered using CONTAM, with a focus on external infiltrations and internal air circulation due to the buoyancy effect. Results show that the biomass device in one room promotes the airflows between adjacent thermal zones, enhancing the heat distribution through door openings, in particular when an air ducted stove is present. The final energy consumption resulting from simulations with wood-burning stoves is 21% higher than pellet stoves. The pellet stove results in similar final energy and a 30% increase in overall primary energy, while the wood stove increases the final energy by 22% and approximately 40% of overall primary energy compared to the case of a traditional gas system coupled to radiators which is considered as reference. Nevertheless, non-renewable primary energy savings are higher than 50% with pellet stoves and 60% with wood-log stoves.
Insignificant effects of loss of heterozygosity in HLA in the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade treatment
Authors: Yang Yohan , Kim Eunyoung , Kim Sangwoo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
It is assumed that loss of heterozygosity and allelic copy loss in HLA gene is associated with poor response rates in immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. H-owever, the accurate extents or consistency in cancer types have not been explored.

Objective
The goal of this study is to investigate quantitative relationship between HLA allelic copy loss and response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Also, tumor microenvironment was computationally assessed in the tumors with HLA copy loss to provide potential mechanisms for the relationships.

Method
A total of 282 whole exome sequencing data from three cohorts of patients who received immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy were analyzed, including Anti-PDL1 treated in metastatic urothelial cancer (N = 216), anti-PD1 treated metastatic melanoma (N = 26), and anti-CTLA4 treated metastatic melanoma (N = 39). The LOHHLA algorithm was used to calculate allelic copy number loss at each HLA-A, -B, and -C locus, and further determine HLA allelic copy loss status. The HLA copy status and ICB response rates were analyzed for association using Fisher’s exact test. The CIBERSORT-absolute algorithm was then used to analyze the patient's immune environment, which represented loss of heterozygosity, using paired matched RNA sequencing data.

Results
Unlike the general expectation, HLA allelic copy loss was not significantly associated with the ICB responses. Moreover, the relationship showed a reversed relationship in HLA-A in the urothelial cancer (better ICB response in HLA copy loss). Regardless of the HLA copy status, the proportion of cytotoxic immune cells in the immune environment of patients was correlated with ICB response, which was higher in the loss of heterozygosity group in the urothelial cohort.

Conclusion
Although the loss of heterozygosity in HLA was generally expected to be an inhibitory factor in the immune treatment response by causing T cell immune evasion, our analysis demonstrates no explicit relationships.
Cq-ROFRS: covering q-rung orthopair fuzzy rough sets and its application to multi-attribute decision-making process
Authors: Garg Harish , Atef Mohammed 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPythagorean fuzzy sets (briefly, PFSs) were created as an upgrade to intuitionistic fuzzy sets (briefly, IFSs) which helped to address some problems that IFSs couldn’t solve. The definition of q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (briefly, q-ROFS) is then declared to generalize and solve PFS and IFS failures. Using the concept of PF $$\beta $$
β
-neighborhood, Zhan et al. defined the description of the covering through the Pythagorean fuzzy rough set (briefly, CPFRS). Hussain et al. also developed the concept of q-ROF $$\beta $$
β
-neighborhood to build the concept of covering through q-rung orthopair fuzzy rough sets (Cq-ROFRS). To enhance the results in Zhan et al.’s and Hussain et al.’s method and in a related context, the concept of PF complementary $$\beta $$
β
-neighborhood is constructed. Hence, using PF $$\beta $$
β
-neighborhood and PF complementary $$\beta $$
β
-neighborhood, three novel kinds of CPFRS are investigated and the related characteristics are analyzed. The interrelationships between Zhan et al.’s approach and our approaches are also discussed. Besides, the concept of q-ROF complementary $$\beta $$
β
-neighborhood is examined. Three new Cq-ROFRS models are differentiated using the principles of q-ROF $$\beta $$
β
-neighborhood and q-ROF complementary $$\beta $$
β
-neighborhood. As a result, the related properties and relationships between these various models and Hussain et al.’s model are established. Because of these correlations, we may consider our approach to be a generalization of Zhan et al.’s and Hussain et al’s approaches. Finally, we developed applications to solve MADM problems using CPFRS and Cq-ROFRS, as well as variances of the two methods using numerical examples are presented.
Implementation Design of a Complex Nursing Intervention in Dutch Hospitals: A Methods Paper
Authors: Jordens Y. J. , Ettema R. E. , Bleijenberg N. , Schuurmans M. J. , Schoonhoven L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImplementing complex nursing interventions can be challenging. The degree of fit between context and the intervention is essential in explaining whether the implementation succeeds or fails, how and to what extent the intervention achieves impact and whether interventions can be sustained or successfully translated from one context to another. We provide a comprehensive description of the design of the implementation of a complex nursing intervention, which is implemented in 12 cardiac surgery centres in the Netherlands. With this, we aim to enhance transparency and replicability about the method of the implementation and reflect on methodological choices. We follow general steps of implementation including (1) adapting evidence, (2) identifying barriers and facilitators, (3) tailoring implementation activities and (4) monitoring and evaluating. We chose a general predefined approach for support, measurements and feedback and combined this with a local tailored approach to enhance the fit between the intervention and its implementation context. For monitoring, we measured three implementation outcomes: barriers and facilitators, behaviours of involved professionals, which was guided by the COM-B model, and the fidelity of executing the intervention. Feedback based on the results of the measurements were returned to local project leaders to enhance the implementation strategy in each setting continuously. We made a clear distinction between implementation strategies at the general program level and the local project level. Through various measurements, in which behaviour change of professionals was central, feedback and mutual learning, we facilitated the implementation of a complex nursing intervention. We discuss methodological challenges about tailoring the implementation approach and providing feedback on the behaviour of professionals.
An organometallic approach for the preparation of Au–TiO2 and Au-g-C3N4 nanohybrids: improving the depletion of paracetamol under visible light
Authors: Jiménez-Salcedo Marta , Monge Miguel , Tena María Teresa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe photocatalytic degradation of paracetamol (a common analgesic also known as acetaminophen) in ultrapure water with different photocatalytic systems was performed under ultraviolet or visible irradiation. The photocatalysts employed were: commercial Degussa-P25 TiO2and Au–TiO2under UVA irradiation (365 nm) and g-C3N4and Au-g-C3N4under visible light irradiation (low-power (4 × 10 W) white light LEDs), improving the effectiveness of degradation rates when the gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were combined with the semiconductors. The nanostructured photocatalysts were synthesised and characterised by transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and, in the case of g-C3N4photocatalysts by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The influence of the pH in the depletion of paracetamol with g-C3N4and visible light was evaluated. In addition, the stability and lifetime of the photocatalyst g-C3N4in the degradation of paracetamol were studied.Graphical abstract
Lipschitz graphs and currents in Heisenberg groups
Authors: Vittone Davide 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe main result of the present article is a Rademacher-type theorem for intrinsic Lipschitz graphs of codimension$k\leq n$in sub-Riemannian Heisenberg groups${\mathbb H}^{n}$. For the purpose of proving such a result, we settle several related questions pertaining both to the theory of intrinsic Lipschitz graphs and to the one of currents. First, we prove an extension result for intrinsic Lipschitz graphs as well as a uniform approximation theorem by means of smooth graphs: both of these results stem from a new definition (equivalent to the one introduced by B. Franchi, R. Serapioni and F. Serra Cassano) of intrinsic Lipschitz graphs and are valid for a more general class of intrinsic Lipschitz graphs in Carnot groups. Second, our proof of Rademacher’s theorem heavily uses the language of currents in Heisenberg groups: one key result is, for us, a version of the celebrated constancy theorem. Inasmuch as Heisenberg currents are defined in terms of Rumin’s complex of differential forms, we also provide a convenient basis of Rumin’s spaces. Eventually, we provide some applications of Rademacher’s theorem including a Lusin-type result for intrinsic Lipschitz graphs, the equivalence between${\mathbb H}$-rectifiability and ‘Lipschitz’${\mathbb H}$-rectifiability and an area formula for intrinsic Lipschitz graphs in Heisenberg groups.
Hybridization and invasiveness in Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum): is prioritizing hybrids in management justified?
Authors: Hoff Hannah K. , Thum Ryan A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHybridization can play an important role in the evolution of invasiveness. Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) is a widespread aquatic invasive plant species that hybridizes with native northern watermilfoil (Myriophyllum sibiricum Kom.). Previous studies have found mixed evidence for whether hybrid watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum × sibiricum) and pure M. spicatum differ in vegetative growth rate and herbicide response. While several studies have emphasized variation in these traits among M. spicatum × sibiricum genotypes, variation within M. spicatum has not been considered. Therefore, it is unclear how much genetic variation influences invasive traits and management outcomes within M. spicatum versus between M. spicatum and M. spicatum × sibiricum. If M. spicatum × sibiricum genotypes are always more invasive than M. spicatum genotypes, simply distinguishing taxa may be sufficient for identifying lake management priorities; however, if significant phenotypic overlap is observed between taxa, distinguishing individual genotypes may be important for tailoring management strategies. We performed replicated trials of a vegetative growth and 2,4-D assay to measure clonal variation in growth rate and herbicide response of M. spicatum and M. spicatum × sibiricum. Our results indicate that M. spicatum × sibiricum exhibits higher average vegetative growth than M. spicatum, regardless of whether it was treated with subsurface applications of 2,4-D. We did not observe interactions between taxon and treatment or between genotype and treatment. Despite differences between M. spicatum and M. spicatum × sibiricum in average vegetative growth, there was substantial overlap between taxa. For example, we found that the fastest-growing genotype of pure M. spicatum did not differ significantly in average growth from the fastest-growing M. spicatum × sibiricum genotype. The potential for overlap between these invasive Myriophyllum taxa suggests that distinguishing and characterizing genotypes may be more informative for management than simply distinguishing between M. spicatum and M. spicatum × sibiricum.
The Hero of “the Noble Afshar People”: Reconsidering Nader Shah's Claims to Lineage and Legitimacy
Authors: Karamustafa Ali Aydin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis essay examines Nader Shah Afshar's attempts to legitimize his rule by dint of his Turkic background. Over the course of his rise to power and reign, Nader consistently argued that his Afshar and Turkman affiliations granted him the right to rule over Iranian territory as an equal to his Ottoman, Mughal, and Central Asian contemporaries. Aided by his chief secretary and court historian, Mīrzā Mahdī Astarābādī, Nader's assertions paralleled those found in popular narratives about the history of Oghuz Turks in Islamic lands. This element of Nader's political identity is often overlooked by historians because it did not outlive the brief Afsharid period, but it demonstrates how the Safavid collapse led to the circulation of dynamic new claims to Iranian and Islamic political power.