bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superkurtosis
Authors: DEGIANNAKIS STAVROS , FILIS GEORGE , SIOUROUNIS GRIGORIOS , TRAPANI LORENZO 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVery little is known on how traditional risk metrics behave under intraday trading. We fill this void by examining the finiteness of the returns' moments and assessing the impact of their infinity in a risk management framework. We show that when intraday trading is considered, assuming finite higher order moments, potential losses are materially larger than what the theory predicts, and they increase exponentially as the trading frequency increases—a phenomenon we call . Hence, the use of the current risk management techniques under intraday trading imposes threats to the stability of financial markets, as capital ratios are severely underestimated.
Micro‐CT analysis reveals the changes in bone mineral density in zebrafish craniofacial skeleton with age
Authors: Liao Wei‐Neng , You May‐Su , Ulhaq Zulvikar Syambani , Li Jui‐Ping , Jiang Yun‐Jin , Chen Jen‐Kun , Tse William Ka Fai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBone has multiple functions in animals, such as supporting the body for mobility. The zebrafish skeleton is composed of craniofacial and axial skeletons. It shares a physiological curvature and consists of a similar number of vertebrae as humans. Bone degeneration and malformations have been widely studied in zebrafish as human disease models. High‐resolution imaging and different bone properties such as density and volume can be obtained using micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT). This study aimed to understand the possible changes in the structure and bone mineral density (BMD) of the vertebrae and craniofacial skeleton with age (4, 12 and 24 months post fertilisation [mpf]) in zebrafish. Our data showed that the BMD in the vertebrae and specific craniofacial skeleton (mandibular arch, ceratohyal and ethmoid plate) of 12 and 24 mpf fish were higher than that of the 4 mpf fish. In addition, we found the age‐dependent increase in BMD was not ubiquitously observed in facial bones, and such differences were not correlated with bone type. In summary, such additional information on the craniofacial skeleton could help in understanding bone development throughout the lifespan of zebrafish.
Implications for long COVID: A systematic review and meta‐aggregation of experience of patients diagnosed with COVID‐19
Authors: Zheng Xutong , Qian Min , Ye Xinxin , Zhang Man , Zhan Chenju , Li Hui , Luo Tiantian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThis review aims to synthesize the available evidence of what patients experience when infected with COVID‐19, both in hospital and post‐discharge settings.DesignThis review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for qualitative systematic reviews and evidence synthesis. Reporting of results was presented according to the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research (ENTREQ) checklist.BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) continues to be a public health crisis worldwide. Many patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 have varied levels of persisting mental disorders. Previous studies have reported the degree, prevalence and outcome of psychological problems. Minimal research explored the experience of patients with long COVID. The real‐life experience of patients with COVID‐19 from diagnosis to post‐discharge can deepen the understanding of nurses, physicians and policymakers.MethodsAll studies describing the experience of patients were included. Two authors independently appraised the methodological quality of the included studies using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research 2020.ResultsThis systematic review aggregated patients’ experience of being diagnosed with COVID‐19 in both hospitalized and post‐discharge settings. Finally, 17 studies met inclusion criteria and quality appraisal guidelines. The selected studies in the meta‐synthesis resulted in 12 categories, and further were concluded as five synthesized findings: physical symptoms caused by the virus, positive and negative emotional responses to the virus, positive coping strategies as facilitators of epidemic prevention and control, negative coping strategies as obstacles of epidemic prevention and control, and unmet needs for medical resource.ConclusionsThe psychological burden of patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 is heavy and persistent. Social support is essential in the control and prevention of the epidemic. Nurses and other staff should pay more attention to the mental health of the infected patients both in and after hospitalization.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses should care about the persistent mental trauma of COVID‐19 survivors and provide appropriate psychological interventions to mitigate the negative psychological consequences of them. Besides, nurses, as healthcare professionals who may have the most touch with patients, should evaluate the level of social support and deploy it for them. It is also needed for nurses to listen to patient's needs and treat them with carefulness and adequate patience in order to decrease the unmet needs of patients.
Stability and relevance of marriage desires: Importance of age norms and partnering opportunities
Authors: Yu Wei‐Hsin , Hara Yuko 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates shifts in marriage desires during singlehood and the potential consequences associated with these shifts in Japan, a country epitomizing later and less marriage without substantial increases in nonmarital childbearing.BackgroundDespite researchers' long‐standing interest in values potentially motivating demographic changes, few have systematically examined marriage desires among unmarried adults. Even fewer have considered how marriage desires may change during adulthood and how relevant such changes are to marriage and family behavior.MethodThe analysis uses 11 waves of the Japan Life Course Panel Survey, which tracks singles' marriage desires yearly. Fixed effects models are estimated to demonstrate factors associated with within‐person changes and account for unobserved heterogeneity.ResultsJapanese singles' marriage desires decline with age but are stronger when they perceive greater opportunities to form romantic relationships or marriage. Singles experiencing an increase in the desire to marry are more likely to take actions to seek partners and to enter a romantic relationship or marriage subsequently. The associations between marriage desires and the various behavioral changes strengthen with age and feasibility of marriage. Increases in marriage desires also correspond to increases in single men's parenthood desires and ideal numbers of children, and the link between marriage desires and fertility preferences is stronger as they age.ConclusionMarriage desires are not always stable or equally relevant throughout singlehood. Our study suggests that age norms and partnering opportunities both contribute to the fluctuation of marriage desires and affect when such desires would have behavioral implications.
Rethinking aversive personality: Decomposing the Dark Triad traits into their common core and unique flavors
Authors: Bader Martina , Hilbig Benjamin E. , Zettler Ingo , Moshagen Morten 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explain and predict unethical behavior, much attention has been devoted to the “Dark Triad of Personality”, a set of three socially aversive personality traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Despite its popularity, research on the Dark Triad has been beset by recurring concerns surrounding the distinctiveness of its components. Herein, we propose an alternative theoretical view that conceptualizes the Dark Triad traits as specific manifestations of the common core of aversive traits (conceptualized as the Dark Factor of Personality, D) flavored by unique, essentially non‐aversive characteristics.MethodIn two studies (total N > 1000), we test this idea by examining the conceptual and empirical overlap and specificity of the Dark Triad traits vis‐à‐vis D and each other.ResultsFindings support the conceptualization of the Dark Triad traits as flavored manifestations of D and also reveal a marked discrepancy between the current conceptualization of the Dark Triad traits and the empirical structure of its subdimensions. In fact, evidence clearly failed to support the existence of a triad of traits.ConclusionConceptualizing single aversive traits as a conjunction of core D aspects and essentially non‐aversive characteristics (admiration; disinhibition vs. planfulness; vulnerability vs. boldness) holds promise to move the field forward.
‘This is the last episode’: the association between problematic binge‐watching and loneliness, emotion regulation, and sleep‐related factors in poor sleepers
Authors: Alfonsi Valentina , Varallo Giorgia , Scarpelli Serena , Gorgoni Maurizio , Filosa Maria , De Gennaro Luigi , Musetti Alessandro , Franceschini Christian 
Published: October 2022

SummaryEvidence on the relation between binge‐watching and sleep quality is still scarce and inconsistent and none has taken into account both the healthy and pathological dimensions of the phenomenon. This study aimed at filling this gap by investigating both aspects in healthy participants with high and low sleep quality. Further, we aimed at identifying sociodemographic, psychological and sleep‐related determinants of problematic binge‐watching in poor sleepers. We first conducted independent comparisons between good (n = 253) and poor sleepers (n = 209) on different binge‐watching symptoms and motives, assessed through ‘Binge‐watching Engagement and Symptoms’ and ‘Watching TV Series Motives’ questionnaires, respectively. Then, we focused on the problematic aspects of binge‐watching in poor sleepers, investigating the role of emotion regulation, loneliness, and sleep‐related factors using hierarchical multiple regressions. Comparisons between the two groups revealed a greater extent of binge‐watching behaviour (t = −2.80, p = 0.005) and greater use of this practise to cope with negative emotions (t = −4.17, p < 0.001) in poor sleepers. In addition, hierarchical multiple regressions showed that gender (β = −0.166, p = 0.008), alcohol consumption (β = −0.135, p = 0.035), emotional dysregulation (β = 0.260, p = 0.001; β = 0.298, p < 0.001), feelings of loneliness (β = 0.159, p = 0.029; β = 0.199, p = 0.003), and daytime sleepiness (β = 0.149, p = 0.016) are significant determinants of problematic binge‐watching in this population. In addition to showing for the first time the relationship between sleep quality and different aspects of binge‐watching, our findings indicate that emotional dysregulation, feelings of loneliness, and daytime sleepiness play a key role in determining problematic binge‐watching in poor sleepers, possibly due to the existence of a pathological vicious circle between these factors in poor sleepers.
Novel concepts on mechanisms underlying Hepatitis Delta virus persistence and related pathogenesis
Authors: Salpini Romina , D'Anna Stefano , Piermatteo Lorenzo , Svicher Valentina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHepatitis Delta virus is the smallest known human virus, exploiting the HBV surface proteins (HBsAg) for the release of its progeny and de novo entry into hepatocytes. Ever growing evidence have highlighted the existence of multiple mechanisms underlying HDV persistence including integrated HBV‐DNA as a source of HBsAg production and the capability of the HDV genome to propagate through cell proliferation, thus supporting a potential HDV persistence even in the absence of HBV. Chronic HDV‐infection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis, leading to the development of cirrhosis in 15% of cases within 1–2 years and in 50%–60% of cases within 5–10 years. The rates of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic decompensation are also 2–3‐fold higher than for HBV mono‐infection. There is the evidence that persistent viral replication plays a key role in triggering liver injury, suggesting the existence of direct viral cytopathic properties that can modulate, synergistically with immune‐responses, the progression towards end‐stage liver diseases. All these aspects can be further exacerbated by the extraordinary degree of viral genetic variability that can promote HDV evasion from immune responses and has enabled viral differentiation into genotypes and subgenotypes with potential different pathobiological properties. In this light, this review aims at providing comprehensive insights of mechanisms (with a focus on virological factors) underlying HDV persistence and pathogenesis, critical in shaping the clinical outcome of the infection. Dissecting these mechanisms is pivotal to optimize therapeutic strategies aimed at fully counteracting this fascinating and fearsome virus.
The economic costs of a multisectoral nutrition programme implemented through a credit platform in Bangladesh
Authors: Thai Giang , Margolies Amy , Gelli Aulo , Sultana Nasrin , Choo Esther , Kumar Neha , Levin Carol 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBangladesh struggles with undernutrition in women and young children. Nutrition‐sensitive agriculture programmes can help address rural undernutrition. However, questions remain on the costs of multisectoral programmes. This study estimates the economic costs of the Targeting and Re‐aligning Agriculture to Improve Nutrition (TRAIN) programme, which integrated nutrition behaviour change and agricultural extension with a credit platform to support women's income generation. We used the Strengthening Economic Evaluation for Multisectoral Strategies for Nutrition (SEEMS‐Nutrition) approach. The approach aligns costs with a multisectoral nutrition typology, identifying inputs and costs along programme impact pathways. We measure and allocate costs for activities and inputs, combining expenditures and micro‐costing. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected retrospectively from implementers and beneficiaries. Expenditure data and economic costs were combined to calculate incremental economic costs. The intervention was designed around a randomised control trial. Incremental costs are presented by treatment arm. The total incremental cost was $795,040.34 for a 3.5‐year period. The annual incremental costs per household were US$65.37 (Arm 2), USD$114.15 (Arm 3) and $157.11 (Arm 4). Total costs were led by nutrition counselling (37%), agriculture extension (12%), supervision (12%), training (12%), monitoring and evaluation (9%) and community events (5%). Total input costs were led by personnel (68%), travel (12%) and supplies (7%). This study presents the total incremental costs of an agriculture‐nutrition intervention implemented through a microcredit platform. Costs per household compare favourably with similar interventions. Our results illustrate the value of a standardised costing approach for comparison with other multisectoral nutrition interventions.
Expression pattern of resynthesized allotetraploid Capsella is determined by hybridization, not whole‐genome duplication
Authors: Duan Tianlin , Sicard Adrien , Glémin Sylvain , Lascoux Martin 
Published: October 2022

Summary

Polyploidization, the process leading to the increase in chromosome sets, is a major evolutionary transition in plants. Whole‐genome duplication (WGD) within the same species gives rise to autopolyploids, whereas allopolyploids result from a compound process with two distinct components: WGD and interspecific hybridization.

To dissect the instant effects of WGD and hybridization on gene expression and phenotype, we created a series of synthetic hybrid and polyploid Capsella plants, including diploid hybrids, autotetraploids of both parental species, and two kinds of resynthesized allotetraploids with different orders of WGD and hybridization.

Hybridization played a major role in shaping the relative expression pattern of the neo‐allopolyploids, whereas WGD had almost no immediate effect on relative gene expression pattern but, nonetheless, still affected phenotypes. No transposable element‐mediated genomic shock scenario was observed in either neo‐hybrids or neo‐polyploids. Finally, WGD and hybridization interacted and the distorting effects of WGD were less strong in hybrids. Whole‐genome duplication may even improve hybrid fertility.

In summary, while the initial relative gene expression pattern in neo‐allotetraploids was almost entirely determined by hybridization, WGD only had trivial effects on relative expression patterns, both processes interacted and had a strong impact on physical attributes and meiotic behaviors.
Oblique Lateral Endoscopic Decompression and Interbody Fusion for Severe Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: Technical Note and Preliminary Results
Authors: Jia Fei , Dou Xinyu , Liu Yu , Liu Xiaoguang , Du Chuanchao 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveAdequacy of decompression for oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a real concern in patients with severe lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). With this in mind, we combined OLIF with spinal endoscopic technique to achieve a solid fusion and an adequate decompression after one operation.MethodsThis is a technical note. The theoretical basis and operation process of this technique were introduced, and consecutive cases were retrospectively collected. Consecutive patients diagnosed with monosegmental severe LSS (L4/5) and underwent oblique lateral endoscopic decompression and interbody fusion (OLEDIF) from January 2018 to February 2020 were retrospectively collected. Clinical outcomes were assessed by claudication distance, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores. Secondary indicators included operation time, operative blood loss, and postoperative complications.ResultsTen patients were selected for the OLEDIF procedure. They were five women and five men ranging in age from 49 to 75 years (mean age of 63.9 years) and in BMI from 25.4 to 30.2 kg/m2 (mean BMI of 27.5 kg/m2). The preoperative claudication distance was 160.00 ± 68.96 m (range 70–250 m), which was significantly extended on the 3‐month and 1‐year follow‐up (1020.00 ± 407.70 m and 1040.00 ± 416.87 m, respectively). The preoperative VAS score of back pain and radiating leg pain was 5.50 ± 0.97 (range 4–7) and 6.40 ± 0.97 (range 5–8). The score on postoperative month 3 was 1.60 ± 0.52 (range 1–2) and 1.20 ± 0.79 (range 0–2), and the 1‐year follow‐up score was 1.90 ± 0.74 (range 1–3) and 1.60 ± 0.70 (range 1–3), respectively. The preoperative ODI was 72.23 ± 6.30 (range 64.4–82.2), the 3‐month follow‐up ODI was 31.12 ± 4.20 (range 24.4–35.6), and the 1‐year follow‐up ODI was 29.33 ± 5.92 (range 20.0–37.8). Compared with the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in the literature, the operation time was not prolonged (189.3 ± 32.5 min vs. 214.9 ± 60.0 min) but the amount of blood loss decreased significantly (113.3 ± 26.7 ml vs. 366.8 ± 298.2 ml). No complications were found except one case presented with dysesthesia of the left leg. Imaging results showed good fusion without cage subsidence during 1‐year follow‐up.ConclusionOLEDIF can achieve complete ventral decompression of the spinal canal and solid fusion of the lumbar spine at one time. It is an effective minimally invasive technique for the treatment of monosegmental severe LSS, which is promising and worthy of further clinical practice.
Navigation Template Design and the Anatomic Measurement for Anterograde Transpubic Screws
Authors: Wu Chao , Shen Danwei , Deng Jiayan , Zeng Baifang , Wang Xiangyu , Li Hong , Xu Lian , Liu Xin , Huang Li 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveFor pelvic ring fractures, screw fixation became a popular technique for its good biomechanical performance. The safe insertion of anterograde the transpubic screw is important for patients with anterior pelvic ring fractures. This paper is to research the anatomical parameters of the anterograde transpubic screw corridor and evaluate the safety of anterograde transpubic screw placement assisted by the assembled navigation template.MethodsFifty subjects with normal pelvic, 25 men and 25 women, age from 20 to 60 were enrolled, and their ilium were 3D reconstructed. The ilium was divided into zone I, zone II and zone III. Zone I and zone III was defined as medial and lateral to the obturator foramen, respectively. Zone II is located between zones I and III. The corridor A is formed by zone I and zone II and corridor B is formed by zone I, zone II and zone III. The diameter and length of the inner circle, the distance from the center of the inner circle to the posterior superior and to the inferior iliac spine of corridor A and corridor B were measured, respectively. Nine patients with pelvic fractures underwent anterograde transpubic screw and transverse sacroiliac screw placement assisted by the assembled navigation template and were retrospectively analyzed. Operation time, blood loss, incision length and fluoroscopy times were recorded. Grading score and Matta score were evaluated after surgery.ResultsIn the 50 subjects, the diameter of corridor A was 11.16 ± 2.13 mm, and that of corridor B was 8.54 ± 1.52 mm. The length of corridor A was 86.39 ± 9.35 mm, and that of corridor B was 117.05 ± 5.91 mm. The surface distance from the screw entry point to the posterior superior iliac spine in corridor A was 109.31 ± 11.06 mm, and that in corridor B was 127.86 ± 8.23 mm. The surface distance from the screw entry point to the posterior inferior iliac spine in corridor A was 91.16 ± 10.34 mm, and that in corridor B was 106.92 ± 7.91 mm. A total of 18 sacroiliac transverse screws and 11 anterograde transpubic screws were inserted assisted by assembled navigation templates for nine patients. The average operation time was 108.75 ± 25.71 min, the blood loss was 141.11 ± 50.21 ml, the incision length was 14 ± 4.62 cm, and the intraoperative fluoroscopy was 17.89 ± 4.01 times.ConclusionTranspubic screw corridor can be obtained by 3D reconstruction. For the majority of patients, the anterograde pubic ramus corridor accommodated a 6.5 mm diameter screw. It is safe to use anterograde transpubic screw placement assisted by an assembled navigation template.
Outcomes of Eight‐Plate Epiphysiodesis for Residual Clubfoot Deformities
Authors: Zhao Haoyu , Ruan Hongjiang , Cao Yuting , Yuan Hengfeng , Kang Qinglin 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThe outcome of congenital clubfoot treatment is still challenging if the feet deformities are not completely corrected. Here we explore a minimal invasive procedure with an eight‐plate implant to correct the residual forefoot adduction deformity after treatment of neglected or relapsed clubfoot.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients with residual forefoot adduction deformity after clubfoot treatment between January 2013 and June 2016. The patients underwent temporary epiphysiodesis of the lateral column of the mid‐foot, which in detail, an eight‐plate was placed on each side of the calcaneocuboid joint. The foot deformities were recorded according to the weight‐bearing radiographic measurements including talo‐first metatarsal angle, calcaneo‐fifth metatarsal angle and medial‐to‐lateral column length.ResultsA total of 13 patients (20 feet) with an average age of 7.8 years old were located with an average duration of 40.8 months follow‐up (range, 28 to 54 months). The average talo‐first metatarsal angle improved from 28.3° (range, 19° to 47°) preoperatively to 8.3° (range, 3° to 18°) and the calcaneo‐fifth metatarsal angle improved from 29.1° (range, 19° to 40°) preoperatively to 8.4° (range, 0° to 21°) at final follow‐up. The mean ratio of the medial‐to‐lateral column length improved from 1.14 ± 0.06 to 1.55 ± 0.09 with statistical significance (t = 3.566; P < 0.001).ConclusionsEight‐plate epiphysiodesis is an easy and effective method for the correction of residual forefoot adduction deformity after clubfoot treatment in growing children without the need of osteotomy.