bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induction of systemic resistance against Phytophthora Blight in pigeon pea through the interaction of plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria: In vivo and In vitro study
Authors: Bala Saroj , Singh Aamni , Khanna Veena 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Phytophthora blight (PB), caused by Phytophthora drechsleri f. sp. cajani, is soil borne disease of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L). The use of PGPR in agriculture leads to alternative disease management of crop in a sustainable ecofriendly way. Methods: In vitro and In vivo experimentation was conducted at fields of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during kharif season of 2017-18 to study the percentage of blight inhibition by rhizobacteria and production potential in pigeonpea. The present study consisted of 6 treatments of dual inoculation of antagonistic bacteria with recommended rhizobium of PAU (LAR-06).Results: The selected rhizoisolates were studied against Phytophthora drechsleri caused stem blight of pigeonpea. The allelochemicals and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria traits involved in antagonistic behavior significantly inhibited the growth of the test fungus. Scanning electron microscopy between potential rhizoisolates and test fungus revealed intumescent hyphae with irregular cell surface morphology. The synergistic effects of LAR-06 + S-2 and LAR-06+ S-18 were found to be the most potent ones in inhibiting the radial growth of the test pathogen with increased yield production in the field as well as greenhouse conditions.
Poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) influence on mechanical, thermal, and degradation properties of PLA/PBSeT blends
Authors: Kwon Sangwoo , Kim Youngsan , Jang Hyunho , Kim Sun Jong , Park Su-il 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is an important biodegradable plastic with unique properties. However, its widespread application is hindered by its low miscibility and suboptimal degradation properties. To overcome these limitations, we investigated the mechanical, thermal, and degradation properties of PLA and poly (butylene sebacate-co-terephthalate) (PBSeT) blends in the presence of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO). Specifically, this study aimed to identify the effects of PEO as a compatibilizer and hydrolysis accelerator in PLA/PBSeT blends. PLA (80%) and PBSeT (20%) were melt blended with various PEO contents (2–10 phr), and their mechanical, thermal, and hydrolytic properties were analyzed. All PEO-treated blends exhibited a higher elongation at break than that of the control sample, and the tensile strength was slightly reduced. In the PEO 10% sample, the elongation at break increased to 800% of that of the control sample. Differential scanning chromatography (DSC) analysis confirmed that when PEO was added to the PLA/PBSeT blends, the two glass transition temperatures (Tg) narrowed, resulting in improved miscibility of PLA and PBSeT. In addition, the hydrolytic degradation of the PLA/PBSeT/PEO blend accelerated as the PEO content increased. It was confirmed that PEO can act as a compatibilizer and hydrolysis-accelerating agent for PLA/PBSeT blends.
The effect of oleoylethanolamide supplementation on pyroptotic cell death in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Hasankhani Milad , Ostadrahimi Alireza , Saghafi-Asl Maryam , Tutunchi Helda , Roshanravan Neda , Gilani Neda , Kermanshahi Mohammad Naemi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the main contributor to the worldwide chronic liver diseases. Pyroptosis has recently gained interest as a pathway for hepatocyte death under liver injuries. Blocking nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)-Inflammasome, a prominent player in the pyroptosis pathway, has been indicated to positively affect the NAFLD pathophysiology. Animal studies show that oleoylethanolamide (OEA) supplementation can reduce nuclear factor-kappa B and some other inflammatory cytokines, which play pivotal roles in the pyroptosis pathway.
Materials and methods
The current doubleblinded randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to study the effects of OEA supplementation on the pyroptosis pathway in 65 adults with obesity and NAFLD. The intervention lasted for 12 weeks, and included 250 mg/day of OEA or placebo (starch). Subjects were also administered a personalized calorie-restricted diet based on the results of indirect calorimetry.
Results
The OEA group showed significant improvements in their anthropometric measures. All study genes indicated significant differences compared to their baseline in both groups; the expression of cysteinedependent aspartate-specific protease (Caspase) 1, NLRP3, and interleukin (IL)-18 decreased, while the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) increased. However, no significant intergroup differences were witnessed for none of the study genes.
Conclusions
The current study indicates that OEA supplementation has positive effects on anthropometric measures (weight, BMI, WC, WHR, and WHtR); however, significant intergroup differences were not witnessed in the pyroptosis pathway. More studies are recommended to evaluate the current findings.
Trial registration
The protocol of this clinical trial is registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (https://www.irct.ir, identifier: IRCT20110530006652N2).
Sexual selection leads to positive allometry but not sexual dimorphism in the expression of horn shape in the blue wildebeest, Connochaetes taurinus.
Authors: Gerstenhaber Chloé , Knapp Andrew 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Sexual selection is thought to be an important driver of adaptation, speciation and extinction. Empirically testing these predictions across macroevolutionary timescales first requires an understanding of the morphology of secondary sexual traits in extant taxa. We used three-dimensional geometric morphometrics to analyse a large sample of the skull of the blue wildebeest, Connochaetes taurinus, in which horns are found in both sexes but only used in intrasexual competition in males. We show that the horns fit several predictions of secondary sexual traits; overall skull shape is significantly correlated with size (R2 = 0.38, p = 0.001), and the sexually selected horns show drastically higher growth rates and variation than any other skull element, supporting previous findings. We also find that despite showing significant sexual dimorphism in shape and size (R2 = 0.21, p = 0.001), allometric growth trajectories of sexes are identical (R2 = 0.01, p = 0.635) and dimorphism is not readily detectable without prior knowledge of sex, and is not possible when shape is corrected for size. Our results show that even with strong sexual selection operating in only one sex, the expression of secondary sexual traits may show characteristic and indistinguishable patterns of growth and variance in both sexes.
Haemostasis Patterns in Patients With Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure and Acute Decompensation of Cirrhosis Including Thromboelastometric Tests With and Without the Addition of Protac: a Pilot Study
Authors: Calvo Andrea , Torrente Miguel Angel , Görlinger Klaus , Fernandez Javier , Reverter Enric , Vidal Julia , Tassies Dolors , Colmenero Jordi , Blasi Annabel , Reverter Juan Carlos 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Thromboelastometry is considered as the best method to assesses hemostasis in liver disease, diagnostic performance could be improved by adding protein C activators such as thrombomodulin or Protac®. We assess the changes in ROTEM parameters after the addition of Protac® in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), acute decompensation (AD), and healthy individuals (HI), to define a different hemostasis pattern, considering standard and velocity ROTEM parameters, and to assess whether the Protac® can improve this pattern definition. Methods: In a pre-test, we investigated whether diluted EXTEM reagent improves the effect of Protac® on clotting time (CT)-ratio with and without Protac®. Ten ACLF, 20 AD patients and 21 HI were included in the main study. Results: Standard EXTEM was used in the main study. INTEM CFT, INTEM A5 (inverse), and INTEM TPI (inverse) were the best parameters to differentiate liver disease from HI (ROC AUC, 0.921, 0.906, and 0.928, respectively; all P-values < 0.001). Combining INTEM CFT with EXTEM LI60-ratio only slightly improved the diagnostic performance (ROC AUC, 0.948; P<0.001). EXTEM LI60 and INTEM maxV-t were the best parameters to differentiate between ACLF and AD patients (ROC AUC, 0.743, P=0.033; and 0.723, P=0.050; respectively). Combining EXTEM LI60 + INTEM maxV-t moderately improved the diagnostic performance, (ROC AUC, 0.81, P<0.001). Conclusions: ROTEM velocity, fibrinolysis parameters and calculated indices improve the diagnostic in combination with standard parameters (e.g., CFT and A5). Ratios calculated with and without Protac (e.g., EXTEM LI60-ratio) only slightly increased the diagnostic performance to discriminate hemostasis patterns.
Lead Removal Using Eco-friendly Alginate Modified Biochar Adsorbent Derived From Rice Husk Biomass
Authors: Son Nguyen Trung , Noi Nguyen , Viet Nguyen Minh , Nham Nguyen Thi , Nguyen-Le Minh-Tri , Hien Chu Thi Thu , Ghotekar Suresh K. , Minh Tran Dinh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The industrialization explosion and agricultural activities, human disruption in the biochemical cycle of elements has increased the concentration of heavy metal contaminants in ground and water surface. It creates public concern about the pollution of water sources when the demand for quality of life is increasing. Therefore, the modification of biochar derived from rice husk can create the novel material had the potential for application in eﬀective removal of Pb from wastewater. Adsorption has been regarded as a promising strategy for the elimination of persistent heavy metals pollutants in water. Biochar (BC) derived from rice husk is an environmentally friendly sorbent for contaminants removal. This study focused on the impact of functional groups to enhance the removal of lead (Pb) by biochar material. The results are when used alginate modified biochar (MBC) to alter rice husk biochar (RhBC), the highest sorption capacities for Pb are enhanced from 33.61 mg g-1 to 101.44 mg g-1. Application of the Langmuir - Freundlich adsorption isotherm and pseudo second kinetic equation show that the sorption mechanisms of Pb by MBC influenced by both physisorption and chemisorption with complexation of functional groups is main influencer on adsorption of Pb.
Hydrolysis of cellulose from palms leaflets of Date palm (phoenix dactylifera) using a new strain of Aspergillus iranicus
Authors: Makhloufi Souad , Makhloufi Ahmed , Chebloune Yahia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A new strain of Aspergillus iranicus MS-34 isolated from Subaqueous soils of the Djorf Torba dam in Algeria was used for the hydrolysis of palm cellulose from the date palm (phoenix dactylifera), by submerged fermentation on a Mandels medium. Three degrees of pretreatment of the palm using KOH were made: 10%, 20%, 50% and the control with no pretreatment. After ten days of fermentation, a high carbohydrate concentration (197.84 mg/L) was noted in 50% KOH palm pretreatment fermentation. Eventually, the highest enzymatic activity was observed with 20% KOH palm pretreatment hydrolysis, 112.97 IU/mL for endoglucanase activity and 47.62 IU/mL for exoglucanase activity. Besides, glucose and proteins concentration in batch fermentations with 1% CMC medium fluctuated between 86,41 mg/l to 108.85 mg/l. and the protein level was 0.713–0.991 mg/ml. A significant effect of temperature and pH on the enzymatic activity was noticed with an optimal at 50–60°C and at pH 4.0.
Congenital Mitral Regurgitation Repair Based on Carpentier’s Classification: Long-term Outcomes
Authors: Miwa Koji , Iwai Shigemitsu , Kanaya Tomomistu , Kawai Shota 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Mitral valve repair (MVR) in children is challenging because of the broad spectrum of lesions and anticipated patient growth, and the lack of reports on standardized surgical management outcomes. We evaluated the long-term outcomes of MVR in children according to Carpentier’s classification.
Methods
We reviewed the records of patients with congenital mitral regurgitation (MR) who underwent MVR at our institution between January 2000 and December 2021. We analyzed preoperative data, surgical techniques, and outcomes according to Carpentier’s classification. The proportion of patients free of mitral valve replacement and reoperation was estimated with Kaplan–Meier analysis.
Results
Twenty-four patients (median age, 4 months; range, 1 month to 8 years) were followed up for 10 (range, 2–21) years. Preoperative MR grade was severe in 12 and moderate in 12 patients. Nine, five, seven, and three patients had Carpentier’s type 1, 2, 3, and 4 MR, respectively. There were no cases of operative mortality or deaths during the follow-up. Reoperation was performed in six patients, two of whom required mitral valve replacement. The overall 5-year rate of freedom from mitral valve replacement was 92%, while the 5-year rate of freedom from reoperation was 78%, 80%, 71%, and 67% in type 1, 2, 3 and 4 MR, respectively. Postoperative MR grade at last follow-up was moderate in three, and less than mild in 21 patients.
Conclusion
Current surgical management of congenital MR is generally considered adequate; however, more complicated cases (type 4 MR) required a combination of various surgical techniques.
Antibacterial activity and underlying mechanism of Meconopsis quintuplinervia Regel extract against the acne-causing bacteria Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Xie Mi , Pu Zhen , Gao LiYing , Yuan Ruiying , Dongzhi Zhuoma , Dikye Tsering , Huang Shan , Li Bin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity and underlying mechanism of ethanol extracts of Meconopsis quintuplinervia Regel (EMQ) against the acne-causing bacteria Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus. The diameter of the inhibition zone (DIZ), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericide concentration (MBC) were determined and growth curves were generated to assess the antibacterial activity of EMQ. The antibacterial mechanism was explored based on morphological observations, staining of the cell membrane and wall, protein analysis, and biofilm formation. The study results indicated that EMQ was an effective antibacterial agent against P. acnes and S. aureus, with a DIZ of 14.5 and 13.2 mm, MIC of 12.5 and 12.5 mg/mL, and MBC of 100 and 50 mg/mL, respectively. EMQ induced morphological changes to bacterial cells, as determined by electron microscopy. Leakage of alkaline phosphatase and nucleic acids confirmed that EMQ compromised the membrane integrity of bacterial cells. Furthermore, protein analysis revealed that EMQ hindered total protein expression and lowered adenosine triphosphatase activity, while crystal violet staining revealed suppressed biofilm production. Bacterial adhesion analysis demonstrated that EMQ lowered the adhesive capacity of bacterial cells. Collectively, these findings revealed high antibacterial activity of EMQ for treatment of acne vulgaris.
Geological constraints on dynamic changes of fluid pressure in seismic cycles
Authors: Hosokawa Takahiro , Hashimoto Yoshitaka 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fluid pressure along faults plays a significant role in fault behaviors in seismic cycles in subduction zones. When a thermal pressurization event occurs, the fluid pressure rises; conversely, when a fault-valve behavior event occurs, the fluid pressure falls. The stress state changes with seismic cycles from a reverse fault regime to a normal fault regime, as observed in both geophysical observations and geological records. Fluid pressure has been estimated for both modern accretionary prisms and exhumed accretionary complexes. However, changes in fluid pressure on seismogenic faults have not been connected to seismic cycles. Here, we quantitatively show the dynamic change in fluid pressure in a seismogenic fault with geological evidence from an exhumed accretionary complex. We found extensional veins related to seismogenic fault records that exchange the stress state during seismic cycles. We also constrained the fluid pressure quantitatively, both at an increasing stage during an event and at a decreasing stage after an event. In this procedure, we propose new methods to constrain the magnitude of vertical stress and rock tensile strength.
Single and combined effects of Pythium oligandrum Po37 and a consortium of three rhizobacterial strains on Sclerotinia stem rot severity and tomato growth promotion
Authors: Abdeljalil Nada Ouhaibi-Ben , Vallance Jessica , Gerbore Jonathan , Daami-Remadi Mejda , Rey Patrice 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Individual plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strains (B. thuringiensis B2, B. subtilis B10 and E. cloacae B16) and their combination were used, with or without Pythium oligandrum, against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In vitro, all BCAs reduced successfully hyphal growth of the targeted pathogenic fungus. They displayed antifungal activity by more than 50% compared to controls. In planta trials were conducted two years in the row and led to a significant decrease in stem rot severity two months after the antagonist’s application onto infected tomato plants: the reduction reached 75% using rhizobacterial mixtures and 72% using P. oligandrum solo, compared to controls. The plant growth-promoting potential of the three-strain consortium and P. oligandrum was also assessed. Increased height in disease-free plants was obtained with rhizobacterial mixtures (60%) compared to P. oligandrum (47%). The BCA’s mixture increased the height of treated plants inoculated with S. sclerotiorum (up to 80%) compared to inoculated and untreated plants. A 42% and 30% increase in fresh weight of aerial parts and roots was also observed on disease-free plants respectively for those treated with mixtures of rhizobacteria and P. oligandrum alone.On plants inoculated with S. sclerotiorum in both trials, the highest growth-enhancing effect was observed using the combined treatment of P. oligandrum and the three-strain rhizobacterial consortium (Po37+B2+B10+B16).Rhizospheric microbial communities were assessed using Single Strand Conformational Polymorphism (SSCP). Differences in the genetic structure of the fungal and bacterial communities were observed following treatments applied in both trials.
Estrogen-DNA adduct ratios as a predictor for breast cancer risk in premenopausal Asian women
Authors: Lin Ching-Hung , Zahid Muhammad , Kuo Wen-Hung , Hu Fu-Chang , Wang Ming-Yang , Chen I-Chun , Beseler Cheryl L. , Mondal Bodhisattwa , Lu Yen-Shen , Rogan Eleanor G. , Cheng Ann-Lii 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The incidence of breast cancer among East Asian women has been increasing rapidly in recent decades, but the etiology remains unclear. This case–control study investigated whether estrogen-DNA adducts ratio is a predictor of breast cancer risk in East Asian women.
Methods
The control group (n = 146) comprised healthy female volunteers and women with benign breast disease without atypia. The case group (n = 221) comprised women either with benign breast disease with atypia and breast cancer. The ratios of estrogen-DNA adducts to their respective metabolites and conjugates in plasma were analyzed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and COMT were genotyped, and a logistic regression model was used to compare the estrogen-DNA adduct ratios between the two groups.
Results
The estrogen-DNA adduct ratio in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (median ratio: 58.52 vs. 29.36, P = 0.004). A multiple logistic regression model demonstrated that a unit increase in the natural log of the estrogen-DNA adduct ratio in premenopausal women was a significant predictor of breast cancer risk, with an estimated hazard ratio of 1.718 (1.444 − 2.046, P < 0.001). However, the CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and COMT SNPs were not associated with the estrogen-DNA adduct ratios.
Conclusion
Plasma estrogen-DNA adduct ratio predicts breast cancer risk in premenopausal women in East Asia, and the genotoxic effects may contribute to the carcinogenesis of this emerging disease.
Self-referenced interferometry for single-shot detection of vector-vortex beams
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Nishchal Naveen K. , Omatsu Takashige , Srinivasa A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Vector-vortex (VV) beams are of significant interest for various applications. There have been substantial efforts toward developing a fast and efficient method for the characterization of generated VV beams which is crucial for their usage. Polarimetric approaches are commonly used to identify unknown VV beams but require multiple intensity recordings. This paper demonstrates a technique to detect VV beams and identify their parameters using the concept of self-referenced interferometry. The approach uses a single recorded interferogram to determine the beam parameters that allow rapid detection. The method even enables detection of VV beams having high-order optical vortices.
Impact of Maternal-Fetal Environment on Outcomes Following the Hybrid Procedure in the Single Ventricle Population
Authors: Nealon Erin , Phelps Christina , Krawczeski Catherine , Alexander Robin , Stiver Corey , Ball Molly K. , Carrillo Sergio A. , Texter Karen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Treatment of infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) remains challenging, and those affected remain with significant risks for mortality and morbidity throughout their lifetimes. The maternal-fetal environment (MFE) has been shown to affect outcomes for infants with HLHS after the Norwood procedure. The hybrid procedure, comprised of both catheterization and surgical components, is a less invasive option for initial intervention compared to the Norwood procedure. It is unknown how the MFE impacts outcomes following the hybrid procedure. Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective study of infants born with HLHS who underwent hybrid palliation from January 2009-August 2021. Predictor variables analyzed included fetal, maternal, and postnatal factors. The primary outcome was mortality prior to Stage II palliation.Results: We studied a 144-subject cohort. There was a statistically significant difference in mortality prior to stage II palliation in infants with prematurity, small for gestational age, and aortic atresia subtype (p<0.001, p=0.009, and p=0.008, respectively). There was no difference in mortality associated with maternal diabetes, hypertension, obesity, smoking or illicit drug use, or advanced maternal age. State and national area deprivation index scores were associated with increased risk of mortality in the entire cohort, such that infants born in areas with higher deprivation had a higher incidence of mortality.Conclusions: Several markers of an impaired MFE, including prematurity, small for gestational age, and higher deprivation index scores, are associated with mortality following hybrid palliation. Individual maternal comorbidities were not associated with higher mortality. The MFE may be a target for prenatal counseling and future interventions to improve pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in this population.