bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chiral oscillations
Authors: Bittencourt V. A. S. V. , Bernardini A. E. , Blasone M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The solutions of the Dirac equation are given in terms of bispinors, four-component objects which include both spin and chirality as internal degrees of freedom. For massive particles, the Dirac equation couples components of the bispinor with different chiralities, yielding chiral oscillations. This phenomenon can be particularly relevant for recent proposals aimed at measuring non-relativistic cosmic neutrinos, and can find analogies in Dirac-like systems, such as graphene. In this paper, a concise review of chiral oscillations is presented, including their description with the Dirac's equation dynamics and the underlying group structure. Two paradigmatic cases of chiral oscillations in physical systems are shown: the effects on lepton-antineutrino spin quantum correlations, and neutrino flavor oscillations. Finally, extensions of recent theoretical investigations as well as future research developments are discussed.
Effect of Intraprocedural Cortisol Measurement on ACTH-stimulated Adrenal Vein Sampling in Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Kometani Mitsuhiro , Yoneda Takashi , Karashima Shigehiro , Takeda Yoshiyu , Tsuiki Mika , Yasoda Akihiro , Kurihara Isao , Wada Norio , Katabami Takuyuki , Sone Masakatsu , Ichijo Takamasa , Tamura Kouichi , Ogawa Yoshihiro , Kobayashi Hiroki , Okamura Shintaro , Inagaki Nobuya , Kawashima Junji , Fujita Megumi , Oki Kenji , Matsuda Yuichi , Tanabe Akiyo , Naruse Mitsuhide 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Context
Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) loading is used to increase the success rate of adrenal vein sampling (AVS).

Objective
We aimed to determine the effect of intraprocedural cortisol measurement (ICM) on ACTH-stimulated AVS (AS-AVS) owing to a lack of reliable data on this topic.

Methods
This multicenter, retrospective, observational study took place in 28 tertiary centers in Japan. Among 4057 patients enrolled, 2396 received both basal AVS (B-AVS) and AS-AVS and were divided into 2 groups according to whether ICM was used. The effect of ICM on AS-AVS was measured.

Results
In patients who underwent both AVS procedures, the ICM group had significantly higher success rates for both B-AVS and AS-AVS than the non-ICM group did. However, the probability of failure of AS-AVS after a successful B-AVS and the probability of success of AS-AVS after a failed B-AVS were not significantly different in the 2 groups. For subtype diagnosis, propensity-score matching revealed no significant difference between the 2 groups, and the discrepancy rate between B-AVS and AS-AVS for subtype diagnosis was also not significantly different.

Conclusion
ICM significantly increased the success rate of B-AVS and AS-AVS in protocols in which both AVS procedures were performed and had no effect on subtype diagnosis. However, in protocols in which both AVS procedures were performed, the results suggest ICM may not be necessary when performing AS-AVS if ICM is used only when B-AVS is performed. Our study suggests that ICM during AVS plays an important role and should be recommended.
A Novel Mouse Model to Analyze Non-Genomic ERα Physiological Actions
Authors: Arao Yukitomo , Gruzdev Artiom , Scott Gregory J , Ray Manas K , Donoghue Lauren J , Neufeld Thomas I , Lierz Sydney L , Stefkovich Megan L , Mathura Emilie , Jefferson Tanner , Foley Julie F , Mahler Beth W , Asghari Arvand , Le Courtney , McConnell Bradley K , Stephen Robert , Berridge Brian R , Hamilton Katherine J , Hewitt Sylvia C , Umetani Michihisa , Korach Kenneth S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Nongenomic effects of estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling have been described for decades. Several distinct animal models have been generated previously to analyze the nongenomic ERα signaling (eg, membrane-only ER, and ERαC451A). However, the mechanisms and physiological processes resulting solely from nongenomic signaling are still poorly understood. Herein, we describe a novel mouse model for analyzing nongenomic ERα actions named H2NES knock-in (KI). H2NES ERα possesses a nuclear export signal (NES) in the hinge region of ERα protein resulting in exclusive cytoplasmic localization that involves only the nongenomic action but not nuclear genomic actions. We generated H2NESKI mice by homologous recombination method and have characterized the phenotypes. H2NESKI homozygote mice possess almost identical phenotypes with ERα null mice except for the vascular activity on reendothelialization. We conclude that ERα-mediated nongenomic estrogenic signaling alone is insufficient to control most estrogen-mediated endocrine physiological responses; however, there could be some physiological responses that are nongenomic action dominant. H2NESKI mice have been deposited in the repository at Jax (stock no. 032176). These mice should be useful for analyzing nongenomic estrogenic responses and could expand analysis along with other ERα mutant mice lacking membrane-bound ERα. We expect the H2NESKI mouse model to aid our understanding of ERα-mediated nongenomic physiological responses and serve as an in vivo model for evaluating the nongenomic action of various estrogenic agents.
Prognostic Factors in Advanced Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Summary of a National Referral Center’s 20 years of Experience
Authors: Arnon Johnathan , Grozinsky-Glasberg Simona , Oleinikov Kira , Gross David J , Salmon Asher , Meirovitz Amichay , Maimon Ofra 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Context
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis for both locally advanced and metastatic disease. Standard treatment with combination etoposide–doxorubicin–cisplatin–mitotane (EDP-M) is highly toxic and some patients benefit from mitotane monotherapy. However, identification of these patients remains challenging.

Objective
We present a summary of the Israeli national referral center’s 20 years of experience in treating advanced ACC, with the aim of identifying prognostic factors and assisting in treatment decision making.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective multivariate analysis of patients treated for metastatic or locally advanced ACC at Hadassah Medical Center between 2000 and 2020 to determine clinical, pathological, and treatment factors correlated with overall survival (OS).

Results
In our cohort of 37 patients, a combination of modified European Network for the study of Adrenal Tumors (mENSAT) staging with either grade and R status, or age and symptoms was validated to stratify prognosis (P = .01 and P = .03, respectively). Patients who underwent R0 resection followed by radiotherapy or metastasectomy for oligometastatic disease had longer OS than patients with residual disease: median OS of 55 months vs 14 months, respectively, hazard ratio 3.1 (CI 1.4-6.7, P = .005). Patients treated with mitotane monotherapy had a significantly better prognosis, yet this result was attenuated in a multivariate analysis controlling for mENSAT and R status. Of patients treated with EDP-M, 41.4% experienced grade 3 or higher adverse events.

Conclusion
Patients with advanced ACC achieving R0 status have a better prognosis and might benefit from mitotane monotherapy.
Cardiac Events in World-Class Athletes: An Internet-Based Study
Authors: LE DOUAIRON LAHAYE SOLÈNE , LE CUNUDER ANNE , LACHARD THIBAULT , MENARD VINCENT , LHUISSIER FRANÇOIS , DUPONT ANNE CHARLOTTE , WURTZ ANNE SOPHIE , MARBLÉ CLAUDE , CARRÉ FRANÇOIS , SCHNELL FRÉDÉRIC 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed at assessing the prevalence of adverse cardiac events, as identified in the media, in world-class athletes according to their sex and sports discipline.

Methods
All female and male athletes from 30 individual Olympic sports who ranked in the international yearly top 10 between 2006 and 2018 were included. The name of each of them was associated in a Google search with selected key terms related to heart disease and/or acute cardiac events after their inclusion date. Global and sex-specific adverse cardiac event hazard function λ were calculated for each sport. Global and sex-specific prevalences of cardiac events were calculated, then compared (Fisher’s exact test) between all sports.

Results
From the 2471 athletes included, 15 cases of cardiac events (prevalence of 0.61%) were reported; 2 sudden cardiac deaths (0.08%) occurred in male athletes. The other events were related to arrhythmic events (n = 13), mainly supraventricular arrhythmias (n = 9). All surviving athletes were able to continue their career, mostly after ablation procedure. Male endurance athletes accounted for seven events, among which three events occurred among short-distance triathletes. Events among women were comparatively rare (n = 4), and all were observed among short-distance triathletes.

Conclusions
A relatively unexpected high prevalence of cardiac events in endurance elite athletes was observed as compared with other sports, mainly, in short-distance male and female triathletes. This raises the question of particular cardiovascular constraints in this discipline and underlines the urge of international longitudinal follow-up studies in these kinds of athletes.
Optimizing Concussion Care Seeking: Identification of Factors Predicting Previous Concussion Diagnosis Status
Authors: REGISTER-MIHALIK JOHNA , LEEDS DANIEL D. , KROSHUS EMILY , KERR ZACHARY YUKIO , KNIGHT KRISTEN , D’LAURO CHRISTOPHER , LYNALL ROBERT C. , AHMED TANVIR , HAGIWARA YUTA , BROGLIO STEVEN P. , MCCREA MICHAEL A. , MCALLISTER THOMAS W. , SCHMIDT JULIANNE D. ,   CARE CONSORTIUM INVESTIGATORS
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose
There is limited understanding of factors affecting concussion diagnosis status using large sample sizes. The study objective was to identify factors that can accurately classify previous concussion diagnosis status among collegiate student-athletes and service academy cadets with concussion history.

Methods
This retrospective study used support vector machine, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, and decision tree machine learning techniques to identify individual (e.g., sex) and institutional (e.g., academic caliber) factors that accurately classify previous concussion diagnosis status (all diagnosed vs 1+ undiagnosed) among Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education Consortium participants with concussion histories (n = 7714).

Results
Across all classifiers, the factors examined enable >50% classification between previous diagnosed and undiagnosed concussion histories. However, across 20-fold cross validation, ROC-AUC accuracy averaged between 56% and 65% using all factors. Similar performance is achieved considering individual risk factors alone. By contrast, classifications with institutional risk factors typically did not distinguish between those with all concussions diagnosed versus 1+ undiagnosed; average performances using only institutional risk factors were almost always <58%, including confidence intervals for many groups <50%. Participants with more extensive concussion histories were more commonly classified as having one or more of those previous concussions undiagnosed.

Conclusions
Although the current study provides preliminary evidence about factors to help classify concussion diagnosis status, more work is needed given the tested models’ accuracy. Future work should include a broader set of theoretically indicated factors, at levels ranging from individual behavioral determinants to features of the setting in which the individual was injured.
Acute Kidney Injury associated with "Triple whammy" combination: a protocol for a systematic review.
Authors: Calvo Barbado Dulce Maria , Saiz Fernández Luis Carlos , Leache Alegría Leire , Celaya Lecea Maria Concepción , Gutiérrez-Valencia. Marta 
Published: July 2022

Background: “Triple whammy” (TW) refers to the simultaneous use of diuretics, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). To date, the risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI) associated to this combination has not been deeply investigated. The objectives are to analyze the incidence of AKI associated to the exposure to “triple whammy” including all NSAIDs versus non-exposure to this combination. Secondarily, the risk of hospitalization, severe adverse events, requirement of renal replacement therapy and mortality will be assessed. Also, the incidence of AKI associated to the exposure to “triple whammy” versus non-exposure will be analyzed, including only metamizole as NSAID. Methods: A systematic literature search of intervention studies and analytical observational studies will be conducted in the Cochrane Library, Medline and EMBASE, among others. AKI 12 months after the last prescription of the triple combination will be the main outcome. Relative frequencies, risk of bias and certainty of evidence will be analyzed. Additionally, sensitivity and subgroup analyses will be performed. Results: Once this systematic review has been completed, the results are expected to provide an estimate of the risk associated with this triple combination and the renal variables, in addition to new guidance on the renal treatment of patients potentially receiving triple therapy. Conclusions: This is intended to be the first systematic review of observational studies to analyse TW combination and AKI's risk based on well-validated epidemiological databases exploring drug safety issues.
Adverse drug reactions to the three doses of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) mRNA-1273 vaccine in a cohort of cancer patients under active treatment of a tertiary hospital in Madrid, Spain
Authors: Benitez Fuentes Javier David , de Luna Aguilar Alicia , Jimenez Ortega Alejandro Francisco , Flores Navarro Paloma , Bartolomé Arcilla Jorge , Baos Muñoz Elvira , Delgado-Iribarren García-Campero Alberto , Gil Useros Sara , Martinez Capella Ignacio , Llorente Sanz Laura , Torrego Ellacuría Macarena , Pérez Segura Pedro 
Published: July 2022

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines efficacy and safety have been tested in phase 3 studies in which cancer patients were not included or were underrepresented. Methods: The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety profile of the mRNA-1273 vaccine across cancer patients and its relationship to patients’ demographics. We selected from our records all 18-years or older solid cancer patients under active treatment vaccinated with the complete three-dose schedule mRNA-1273 vaccine whose adverse drug reactions (ADRs) after each dose were recorded. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively to collect data between April 19, 2021, and December 31, 2021. Patients with documented previous infection by SARS-Cov-2 were excluded. Results: A total of 93 patients met the inclusion criteria. Local ADRs were reported more frequently after the first and second dose than after the third (41.9%, 43% and 31.1% of the patients respectively), while systemic ADRs followed the opposite pattern (16.1%, 34.4% and 52.6% of the patients respectively). We found a statistically significant association between sex and systemic adverse reactions after the third dose, p < 0.001 and between systemic adverse reactions after the second dose and systemic adverse reactions after the third dose, p = 0.001 A significant linear trend, p = 0.012, with a higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score associated with a lower proportion of patients suffering from systemic side effects was found. Women had 5.79 times higher odds to exhibit systemic ADRs after the third dose (p=0.01) compared to males. Increasing age was associated with a decreased likelihood of exhibiting ADRs (p=0.016). Conclusion: The mRNA-1273 vaccine shows a tolerable safety profile. The likelihood of ADRs appears to be associated with gender and age. Its association with ECOG scores is less evident. Further studies are needed to elucidate this data in cancer patients.
The role of angiotensin receptor blocker (losartan) on decreasing fibrotic process of corpora cavernosa in priapism model of wistar rats
Authors: Siregar Safendra , Rulianov Rulianov , Ksatriapraja Rangga Adhazi , Stefanus Dicky 
Published: July 2022

Background: Priapism induces regulation of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression and collagen-type-1 deposition. This will replace the normal corpora cavernosa with fibrotic tissue which eventually resulted in erectile dysfunction. It is also known that the fibrosis process of corpora cavernosa is related to Renin-Angiotensin II System (RAS). Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), especially losartan, inhibit the inflammation process and fibrotic tissue formation. This study evaluated the effect of losartan in reducing fibrosis in priapism by evaluating TGF-β1 and collagen-type-1 in cavernous tissue and determined the effect of losartan in preventing fibrosis in priapism model of Wistar rats assessed by the metavir score. Methods: A total of eighteen male Wistar rats mean were divided into five groups. For the priapism models, we applied negative pressure on the penis to make an artificial erection to mimic the priapism process. The control groups were observed and the treatment groups were orally given losartan 15 mg/kg/day. Corpora cavernosa was harvested for TGF-β1 and collagen-type-1 measurement using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The fibrotic tissue of each rat was then collected and assessed histopathologically with the metavir scoring system. Results: Penile TGF-β1 concentration in the losartan-treated group was not significantly different on day 10 and day 28 of observation (p10=0,30; p28=0,17). Meanwhile, collagen-type-1 concentration was significantly lower compared to control group (p10=0,002; p28=0,01). There was a significant difference in metavir scores in rats that received losartan and those who did not (p<0,05). Conclusion: Losartan could suppress the fibrosis process in the priapism model. It could decrease the collagen type 1 deposition during corpora cavernosa tissue regeneration. Based on the metavir score, the group receiving losartan therapy was better than the control group.
In vitro evaluation of ruminal digestibility and fermentation characteristics of local feedstuff-based beef cattle ration
Authors: Mayulu Hamdi , Daru Taufan Purwakusumaning , Tricahyadinata Irsan 
Published: July 2022

Background: Optimum productivity of beef cattle is achieved with adequate feed supply, both in quality and quantity. Consumption of local feedstuff Neptunia plena L. Benth and Leersia hexandra Swartz as a ration by the animal subject is expected to promote cost efficiency and production, as well as provide essential nutrition needs. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), N-NH3 production, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) in beef cattle. Methods: Feed and rumen inoculum samples were prepared and analyzed for their proximate contents. There were five treatment groups based on the diet received by beef cattle. In vitro approaches were used to determine the DMD, OMD, N-NH3 production, and VFA in beef cattle. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Feed Nutrient Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Agriculture, Diponegoro University, Semarang. The data were analyzed using ANOVA at a significance level of 95%, and a Duncan Multiple Range Test. Results: The results showed that the highest DMD (P<0.05) was derived from T5 (56.47%), followed by T4 (56.45%) and T3 (55.90%). T5=62.40% significantly (P<0.05) generated the highest OMD followed by T4=61.95% and T3=60.82%. This treatment had the highest N-NH3 value, namely 5.02 mM, compared with T3=4.55 mM, T4=4.50 mM, T2=4.22 mM, and T1=3.99 mM. Furthermore, T5 had the highest VFA (P<0.05) compared with T4, T3, T2, and T1 with the value of 150.5, 133.0, 130.5, 130.0, and 123.5 mM, respectively. Conclusions: The local feedstuff-based ration contributed to beef cattle production.
Consumers’ Costly Responses to Product-Harm Crises
Authors: Ferrer Rosa , Perrone Helena 
Published: July 2022

This paper exploits a major food safety crisis to estimate a full demand model for the unsafe product and its substitutes, recovering consumers’ preference parameters for different product characteristics. Counterfactual exercises quantify the relevance of different mechanisms driving consumers’ responses, such as changes in safety perceptions, idiosyncratic taste, product characteristics, and price. We find that consumers’ reactions are limited by their preferences for the product’s observable and unobservable characteristics. Because of the costs associated with switching from the affected product, the decline in demand following a product-harm crisis tends to understate the true weight of such events in consumers’ utility. We find that unobservable taste is a crucial driver of consumers’ responses. Our counterfactual exercises illustrate that the demand would have declined further if consumers had had access to a closer substitute. For an accurate assessment of product-harm crises, managerial strategies should therefore account for how different demand drivers bind consumers’ substitution patterns.This paper was accepted by Matthew Shum, marketing.Funding: This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación [Grants ECO2008-01116 and ECO2010-15052], the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad [Grant ECO2013-43011-P], and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Grant CRC TR 224]. R. Ferrer received support from [Grant ECO2016-76998-P], and the Severo Ochoa Programme for Centers of Excellence in R&D [SEV-2015-0563].
Serving Democracy: Evidence of Voting Resource Disparity in Florida
Authors: Cachon Gérard P. , Kaaua Dawson 
Published: July 2022

Florida, an important state in presidential elections in the United States, has received considerable media coverage in recent years for long lines to vote. Do some segments of the population receive a disproportionate share of the resources to serve the voting process, which could encourage some or dissuade others from voting? We conduct the first empirical panel data study to examine whether minority and Democrat voters in Florida experience lower poll worker staffing, which could lengthen the time to vote. We do not find evidence of a disparity directly due to race. Instead, we observe a political party effect—all else equal, a 1% increase in the percentage of voters registered as Democrat in a county increases the number of registered voters per poll worker by 3.5%. This effect appears to be meaningful—using a voting queue simulation, a 5% increase in voters registered as Democrat in a county could increase the average wait time to vote from 40 minutes (the approximate average wait time to vote in Florida in 2012 and the highest average wait time across all states in that election per the Cooperative Congressional Election Study) to about 115 minutes. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
Report-Dependent Utility and Strategy-Proofness
Authors: Meisner Vincent 
Published: July 2022

Despite the truthful dominant strategy, participants in strategy-proof mechanisms submit manipulated preferences. In our model, participants dislike rejections and enjoy the confirmation from getting what they declare desirable. Formally, the payoff from a match decreases in its position in the submitted ranking such that a strategic trade-off between preference intensity and match probability arises. This trade-off can trigger the commonly observed self-selection strategies. We show that misrepresentations can persist for arbitrarily small report-dependent components. However, honesty is guaranteed to be optimal if and only if there is no conflict between the quality and feasibility of a match. We substantiate the theory with already existing evidence and provide novel testable predictions. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: This work was supported by UniCredit and Universities Foundation [Modigliani Research Grant 2020/2021] and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Grant 280092119]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4504 .