bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crustal Thickness Variations and Tectonic Settings in the Southwest Cameroon Inferred from Gravity and Topography Data
Authors: Lemotio Willy , Ngatchou Evariste , Cyrille Adiang M. , Tokam Alain-Pierre K. , Sévérin Nguiya , Nouck Philippe Njandjock 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
EIGEN 6C4 gravity anomalies are interpreted to determine the lateral and vertical variations in the crust and upper mantle structure and their influence on the isostasy of the coastal plain, transition zone between the Congo Craton (CC), the Pan-African Belt (PAB), and adjacent areas. The regional gravity anomalies have been inverted in an attempt to provide a Moho depth map. The inversion process was based on the Parker-Oldenburg method with a density contrast of 0.55 g/cm3 and an average depth reference of 39 km. In addition, various tests have been performed to validate the resulting Moho model and estimate the efficiency of the 3D gravity inversion by varying the density contrast for a fixed Moho reference depth. Inversion results reveal that the Moho depths generally agree with those obtained from previous geophysical studies. The computation of the isostatic models using the ETOPO1 digital elevation model (DEM) and its comparison with the Moho models obtained from gravity induce the following main conclusions: (1) an overcompensated crust beneath the coastal plain and the Yaounde Domain, (2) the crust beneath areas located in the southern end of the Adamawa-Yade Domain is thin and undercompensated, and (3) main volcanoes of the Southwestern Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL) are isostatically undercompensated. This study also revealed that the local isostatic compensation law is not satisfied for most of the tectonic provinces of the study area, and we suggest alternative tectonic mechanisms to support topography below these tectonic features. Additionally, most seismic events (M&gt;3.5) occurred in areas marked by abrupt changes in compensation amplitude. Thus, we concluded from this study that the northern limit of the CC, the Mount Cameroon, and its surroundings are tectonic extension areas that may play a crucial role in the occurrence of future earthquakes.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PONDOK PESANTREN DALAM UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT PADA PANDEMI COVID 19: STUDI DI PONDOK PESANTREN RAUDHATUL ULUM SAKATIGA, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Abizar Abizar , Wulandari Nina Ramadhani , Irawan Ibnu 
Published: February 2022

Kondisi pandemi Covid-19 yang meluas saat ini mengancam dan berdampak pada perekonomian masyarakat kelas bawah. Dimana harga pangan naik dan permintaan pasar meningkat dalam skala nasional. Pesantren dengan kegiatan pendidikan dipandang mampu memberikan nafas dan kehidupan bagi masyarakat sekitar, sehingga perlu mengkajinya agar dapat memperoleh manfaat melalui suatu kajian. Masalah yang diteliti adalah; 1) eksplorasi program pemberdayaan ekonomi Pondok Pesantren Raudhatul Ulum sebagai potensi pemulihan ekonomi 2) relevansi prinsip-prinsip pemberdayaan ekonomi syariah dalam program pemberdayaan pemulihan ekonomi di Pondok Pesantren Raudhatul Ulum. Hasilnya adalah: 1) Program digulirkan; Wisata islami, penyediaan penginapan, laundry, pengadaan makanan, kerjasama penyediaan kantin, pelayanan outbond, penyediaan sarana olahraga berupa lapangan futsal dan gedung olah raga, pelaksanaan agribisnis, permodalan dan kerjasama di bidang pertanian, penyediaan air mineral. 2) Program-program tersebut relevan untuk dilaksanakan di lingkungan lembaga pendidikan sebagai pusat roda pemulihan ekonomi masyarakat di masa pandemi covid 19. Program ekonomi adalah program yang dilandasi nilai-nilai keadilan, mas'uliyah atau tanggung jawab, dan takaful, dengan tujuan program ekonomi adalah pemulihan ekonomi, ekonomi kelembagaan yang sehat, dan masyarakat yang sejahtera. Kata kunci: Pesantren; Pemberdayaan ekonomi; Covid-19 Abstract:The current condition of the widespread Covid-19 pandemic threatens and has an impact on the economy of the lower class. Where food prices rise and market demand increases on a national scale. Islamic boarding schools with educational activities are seen as being able to provide breath and life for the surrounding community, so it is necessary to study them in order to obtain the benefits through a study. The problems studied are; 1) exploration of the economic empowerment program of the Raudhatul Ulum Islamic Boarding School as a potential for economic recovery 2) the relevance of the principles of Islamic economic empowerment in the economic recovery empowerment program at the Raudhatul Ulum Islamic Boarding School. The results are: 1) The program is rolled out; Islamic tourism, provision of lodging, laundry, food procurement, cooperation in providing canteens, outbound services, provision of sports facilities in the form of futsal fields and sports halls, implementation of agribusiness, capital and cooperation in agriculture, provision of mineral water. 2) The programs is relevant to be implemented within educational institutions as the center of the community's economic recovery wheel during the covid 19 pandemic. The economic program is a program based on the values of justice, mas'uliyah or responsibility, and takaful, with the aim of the economic program being a recovering economy, a healthy institutional economy , and a prosperous society. Keywords:
Factors Associated with COVID-19 Infection among a National Population of Individuals with Schizophrenia in the United States
Authors: Liberman Joshua N , Pesa Jacqueline , Petrillo Mary Pat , Ruetsch Charles 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness and individuals with schizophrenia are a particularly vulnerable and often under-served population. Methods: This research sought to evaluate the factors associated with risk of COVID-19 infection among a representative population of individuals with schizophrenia in the United States. This study was a retrospective cohort analysis of medical and pharmacy claims among a population-based sample of 493,796 individuals residing in the United States with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, between January 1, 2019 and June 30, 2020. A confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 infection by September 30, 2020 was regressed on demographics, social determinants (measured at the county level, with each measure categorized into quintiles), comorbidity, and pre-pandemic (December 2019 – February 2020) healthcare utilization characteristics. Results: A total of 35,249 (7.1%) individuals were diagnosed with COVID-19. Elevated odds of COVID-19 infection were associated with age groups above 40 years (compared to 18-29 years) increasing consistently from 40-49 years (OR: 1.16) to 80+ years (OR:5.92), male sex (OR: 1.08), Medicaid (OR: 2.17) or Medicare (OR: 1.23) insurance, African American race (OR: 1.42 comparing the highest and lowest quintile), Hispanic ethnicity (OR: 1.23, comparing highest to lowest quintile), and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, increasing from scores of 1-2 (OR: 1.84), 3-4 (OR: 2.53), to 5+ (OR: 2.76). Select psychiatric comorbidities (depressive disorder, adjustment disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and sleep-wake disorder) were associated with elevated odds of infection, while alcohol use disorder and PTSD were associated with lower odds. A pre-pandemic psychiatry (OR:0.56) or community mental health center (OR:0.55) visit were associated with lower odds as was antipsychotic treatment: long-acting injectable antipsychotic (OR: 0.72) and oral antipsychotic (OR: 0.62).Conclusions: Individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were at substantial risk of COVID-19 infection, risk that was elevated for older adults and select social determinants, specifically African American race and Hispanic ethnicity. Individuals actively engaged in psychiatric treatment had substantially lower likelihood of infection.
Study on Properties of Plasmonic Waveguide of Graphene-Coated Nanotube with a Dielectric Substrate
Authors: SUN MIAO , He Zhuanling , Huang Libing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A hybrid plasmonic waveguide structure composed of graphene-coated nanotube with a dielectric substrate is proposed in this paper. Transmission properties of the fundamental mode are studied by the finite element method (FEM). The results reveal that the mode transmission properties are greatly dependent on the nanotube radius and internal-external diameter ratio, gap distance, nanotube permittivity, as well as chemical potential of graphene. Meanwhile, it is compared with the graphene-coated nanowires with a dielectric substrate [40]. By optimizing the parameters, the structure could achieve long-range propagation with the propagation length about 12.56um. Moreover, it could realize deep-subwavelength confinement with the normalized mode area only ~10−7. This structure may offer certain theoretical basis for integrated nanophotonic devices to achieve long-distance transmission in the deep-subwavelength range.
Endovascular Management of a Congenital Hepatic Arterioportal Malformation in a Low Resource Setting.
Authors: Loyal Poonamjeet , Sagoo Ravjit 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Arterioportal malformations, a rare type of vascular malformation, have significant associated morbidity and mortality. Management requires a carefully thought out approach by a multidisciplinary team. Low resource settings have an added challenge of limited treatment options and consumables.Case presentation: We report a case of a 14-month-old male with failure to thrive due to a congenital hepatic arterioportal fistula. He was successfully treated via an endovascular approach with metallic coil embolization. Conclusion: Hepatoportal fistula, a rare hepatic vascular malformation, has limited treatment options which can further be restricted by overall patient wellness. Minimally invasive endovascular treatment options can offer a high rate of success and reverse the morbidity associated with the disease as was seen with our case.
Influence of Social Isolation and Loneliness on the Prognosis of Advanced Lung Cancer Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Takemura Tomoyasu , Kataoka Yuki , Ashi Nanami , Shirakawa Chigusa , Okazaki Koya , Sakurai Azusa , Imakita Takuma , Ikegaki Shunkichi , Matsumoto Hirotaka , Saito Emiko , Takata Hirohito , Kaku Sawako , Wada Nobuko , Shinomiya Mariko , Otoshi Takehiro , Shimada Masatoshi , Nikaido Junichi , Iki Reika , Hirano Katsuya , Hirai Tomoyuki , Endo Kazuo , Hirabayashi Masataka , Naganuma Toru 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of social isolation and loneliness on the overall survival and death at home in patients with lung cancer.
Methods
This prospective cohort study was conducted in a Japanese tertiary hospital. The enrollment period was from April 2018 to March 2020. Patients with pathologically diagnosed advanced lung cancer were included in this study. The primary outcome was overall survival, whereas the secondary outcome was death at home. The exposures were social isolation and loneliness.
Results
A total of 211 patients were enrolled and divided into two groups and further into quartiles according to their social isolation and loneliness level, respectively. The hazard ratios of social isolation were 1.65 (95% confidence interval; 1.12 to 2.44) and 1.87 (95% confidence interval; 1.15 to 3.03) in the univariate analysis, while 1.40 (95% confidence interval; 0.92 to 2.13) in the multivariate analysis with complete case and multiple imputation. The odds ratio of death at home with social isolation was 3.47 (95% confidence interval; 1.08 to 11.1) in the multivariate analysis with multiple imputation. Loneliness was not associated with overall survival or death at home.
Conclusions
Our study suggests that social isolation may be related to overall survival and death at home among patients with advanced lung cancer. More attention should be given to such patients at the time of diagnosis.
Personalized bacteriophage therapy to treat pandrug-resistant spinal P. aeruginosa infection
Authors: FERRY Tristan , KOLENDA Camille , LAURENT Frederic , LEBOUCHER Gilles , Merabischvilli Maya , DJEBARA Sarah , GUSTAVE Claude-Alexandre , Perpoint Thomas , Barrey Cédric , Pirnay Jean-Paul , Resch Gregory 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A pandrug-resistant P. aeruginosa spinal abscess was treated with surgery and personalized phage therapy that was added to cefiderocol and colistin. After a 2-stage approach, despite bacterial persistence with expression of small colony variants, the patient cured with local and intravenous injections of purified bacteriophages as part of the treatment.
MicroRNA-146a promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of HepG2 via regulating FLAP
Authors: Wang Huihui , Zhang Shubing , Li Tao , Wang Lianzi , Lv Wei , Wang Shanshan , Ma Dongyue , Zang Yan , Zhu Xinyue , Xu Yuanhong , Zheng Lan , Shen Jilong , Wei Wei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Abnormal expression of 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein (FLAP) has been detected in many tumor cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to the 3'–untranslated region (3'–UTR) of the target mRNA sequences and have been shown to be involved in various types of cancers. Herein, we aimed to demonstrate the expression of miR-146a and FLAP in human HCC tissues and liver cancer cell lines. We demonstrated that miR-146a expression is overexpressed, while FLAP protein and mRNA are suppressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and HepG2 cells compared to para-carcinoma tissues and HL–7702 cells. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-146a-5p can directly target FLAP mRNA. Knockdown of miR-146a also resulted in increased FLAP expression of cancer cells. Additionally, miR-146a silencing or restoration of FLAP led to a reduction of HepG2 cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, and invasion. This study proved that miR-146a has a stimulatory role in HepG2 cells and promotes HepG2 cell migration and invasion by targeting FLAP mRNA. Thus, miR-146a expression may be a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC patients.
Modelling the Formation of `Type B' Ejecta - The Unique Thermometers of the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster
Authors: Carno Lior A.S. , Turner Jack J. , Martin Peter G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
For the first time, a model was developed to simulate the cooling of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant reactor Unit 1-derived, 'Type B' radiocaesium bearing microparticles, distributed into the environment during the 2011 nuclear meltdown. By establishing an analogy between 'Type B' CsMP and volcanic pyroclasts, the presented model simulates the rapid cooling of an effervescent silicate melt fragment upon atmospheric release. The model successfully reproduced the bi-modal distribution of internal void diameters observed in 'Type B' CsMP, however, discrepancies in the peak frequencies resulted primarily due to the neglection of internal void coalescence. The model was subsequently utilised to estimate the temperature within reactor Unit 1 in the instant preceding the hydrogen explosion, to be between 1,850 and 1,920 K. Such a model demonstrates the accuracy of the volcanic pyroclast - 'Type B' CsMP analogue, and confirms radial variations in cooling rate as the cause of the vesicular texture of Unit 1 ejecta. The presented findings provide scope to further explore the comparison between volcanic pyroclasts and 'Type B' CsMP via experimentation, which will provide a deeper understanding of the specific conditions within reactor Unit 1 during the catastrophic meltdown at the Japanese coastal plant.
Total Laparoscopic Radical Antegrade Modular Pancreatosplenectomy with Left-Posterior Superior Mesenteric Artery First-approach for Distal Pancreatic Cancer (with video)
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Khiem , Nguyen Ham Hoi , Dang Kim Khue , Luong Tuan Hiep 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most malignant gastrointestinal cancers. Among them, tumors of the pancreatic body and tail, or left-sided PDAC are uncommon, which accounted for about one-third of all the pancreatic neoplasms[1], and supposedly seem more aggressive than tumors of pancreatic head, not only cause by the late presentation, but also due to the difference of molecular characteristics, embryology and histology and therapeutic response[2].Surgery is considered the only curative treatment method in pancreatic cancer, and Radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS), which was firstly published by Strasberg et al., was proved to be superior in safe and effective aspects while comparing with standard retrograde pancreatosplenectomy (SRPS) in recent systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses[3-5]. And according to Guidelines of National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) as well as Japanese Pancreas Society (JPS), one of major factors that determined the respectability of PDAC was Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA)’s infiltration[6, 7]. So that, SMA first-approach has been proved with benefits of improving R0-resection rate and better perioperative outcomes, as well as better long-term survival particularly[8]. Recently, with the development of laparoscopic instruments and techniques, total laparoscopic SMA first-approach RAMPS was recently proceeded by some surgeons with optimistic perioperative outcomes versus open SMA first-approach RAMPS[9, 10].With experiment of total laparoscopic SMA first-approach PD, herein we present a novel technique called total laparoscopic left-posterior SMA first-approach RAMPS, with demonstrated on describing the procedure step by step with illustrative images and video.
Prediction and Evaluation Model Based on Carbon Emission with RF: A Case Study of Six Coastal City Clusters in China
Authors: Zheng Kaiyuan , Zhang Ying , Guan Yuntao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Aiming at predicting the problems of social economics, environmental pollution, climate change and marine disasters caused by carbon emission, a predicting model based on carbon emission with the Random Forest (RF) model was constructed. Meanwhile, a novel urban adaptivity evaluation system is put forward considering the above four domains of indicators, hence the two models are integrated. Six coastal city clusters of China are selected as study area and the result of RF model shows that northern city clusters suffer more pollutant loads due to their heavy industry layout, southern cities generally have higher GDP while they’re more vulnerable toward extreme weather and marine disasters. The result of evaluation system indicates that northern city clusters have higher urban adaptivity due to their balance between economics and pollution as well as less vulnerability on climate change because of relatively high latitude. On the contrary, southern cities are supposed to focus on environmental pollution and tropical storms to pursue superior compatibility.
The imported infections among foreign travelers in China: A descriptive study Running title: Imported infections in China
Authors: Xu Qiang , Li Zhi-Wei , Zhang Xiao-Ai , Liu Meng-Yang , Wang Jin-Long , Zhang Hai-Yang , Wang Li-Ping , Guo Xiu-Hua , Fang Li-Qun , Liu Wei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background

Increasing number of travel-related infections were reported in China, but the spectrum, dynamics and disease burden of imported infections among foreign travelers remain vague.
Methods

We obtained the data on imported infections among foreign travelers from Custom Inbound Screening System (CISS) and the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System (NNIDRS). All the infections were classified into respiratory, gastrointestinal, vector-borne, blood/sex-transmitted and mucocutaneous diseases. The epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of imported infections among foreign travelers were investigated.
Results

In total, 17,189 travelers diagnosed with 58 imported infectious diseases were reported from 2014 to 2018, with an overall incidence rate of 122.59 per million. Respiratory infection (7,351 cases, mainly influenza) and Blood/sex-transmitted diseases (6,114 cases mainly Hepatitis B and HIV infection) were the most frequently diagnosed diseases, followed by vector-borne infections (3,128 cases, mainly dengue fever and malaria). The highest case number was imported from Asia and Europe, while the highest incidence rate was from Africa (296.0 per million). When specific diagnosis was compared, both the highest absolute case number and incidence rate were observed for influenza. An obvious seasonal pattern was observed for vector-borne diseases, with the epidemic spanning from July to November. The origin-destination matrices disclosed the movement of imported infection followed specific routes.
Conclusions

Our study gave a profile of infectious diseases among foreign travelers traveled into China and pinpointed the priority regions, seasons, populations for prevention and control.
The role of aromaticity in the cyclization and polymerization of
alkyne-substituted porphyrins on Au(111)
Authors: Cao Nan , Björk Jonas , Corral Eduardo , Chen Zhi , Ruben Mario , Senge Mathias , Barth Johannes , Riss Alexander 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Aromaticity is an established and widely used concept for the prediction of the reactivity of organic molecules. However, in on-surface chemistry – where the interaction with the substrate can significantly alter the electronic and geometric structure of the adsorbates – the role of aromaticity is not understood. Here we investigate how aromaticity affects the reactivity of alkyne-substituted porphyrin molecules in cyclization and coupling reactions on a Au(111) surface. We examine and quantify the regioselectivity of the reactions by scanning tunneling microscopy and bond-resolved atomic force microscopy at the single-molecule level. Our experiments show a substantially lower reactivity of carbon atoms that are stabilized by the aromatic diaza[18]annulene pathway of free-base porphyrins. The results are corroborated by density functional theory calculations, revealing a direct correlation between aromaticity and thermodynamic stability of the reaction products. These insights will help to design and understand reactions in on-surface chemistry and heterogeneous catalysis.
Automatic segmentation of contrast-enhanced bolus in videofluorography images of swallowing using deep learning: a preliminary study
Authors: Ariji Eiichiro , Ariji Yoshiko , Gotoh Masakazu , Fukuda Motoki , Watanabe Satoshi , Nagao Tohru , Katsumata Akitoshi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to create a deep learning model for automated bolus segmentation on videofluorography (VFG) images of patients with healthy swallowing and dysphagia using the artificial intelligence deep learning segmentation method, and to assess the performance of the method.Study Design: VFG images of 72 swallowing of 12 patients were continuously converted into 15 static images per second. In total, 3910 images were arbitrarily assigned to the training, validation, test 1, and test 2 datasets. In the training and validation datasets, images of colored bolus areas were prepared, along with original images. Using a U-Net neural network, a trained model was created after 500 epochs of training. The test datasets were applied to the trained model, and the performances of automatic segmentation (Jaccard index, Sørensen–Dice coefficient, and sensitivity) were calculated.Results: All performance values for the segmentation of the test 1 and 2 datasets were high, exceeding 0.9.Conclusion: Using an artificial intelligence deep learning segmentation method, we automatically segmented the bolus areas on VFG images; our method exhibited high performance. This model also allowed assessment of aspiration and laryngeal invasion.