bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term object search using incremental scene graph updating
Authors: Zhou Fangbo , Liu Huaping , Zhao Huailin , Liang Lanjun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEffective searching for target objects in indoor scenes is essential for household robots to perform daily tasks. With the establishment of a precise map, the robot can navigate to a fixed static target. However, it is difficult for mobile robots to find movable objects like cups. To address this problem, we establish an object search framework that combines navigation map, semantic map, and scene graph. The robot updates the scene graph to achieve a long-term target search. Considering the different start positions of the robots, we weigh the distance the robot walks and the probability of finding objects to achieve global path planning. The robot can continuously update the scene graph in a dynamic environment to memorize the position relation of objects in the scene. This method has been realized in both simulation and real-world environments. The experimental results show the feasibility and effectiveness of this method.
Institutional transition from invasive to non-invasive imaging in children with univentricular heart defects: safety and cost savings
Authors: Yanovskiy Anna , Martelius Laura , Rahkonen Otto , Pihkala Jaana , Happonen Juha-Matti , Boldt Talvikki , Jaakkola Ilkka , Peltonen Juha , Kortesniemi Mika , Mattila Ilkka , Ojala Tiina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectives:Patients with univentricular heart defects require lifelong imaging surveillance. Recent advances in non-invasive imaging have enabled replacing these patients’ routine catheterisation. Our objective was to describe the safety and cost savings of transition of a tertiary care children’s hospital from routine invasive to routine non-invasive imaging of low-risk patients with univentricular heart defects.Methods:This single-centre cohort study consists of 1) a retrospective analysis of the transition from cardiac catheterisation (n = 21) to CT angiography (n = 20) before bidirectional Glenn operation and 2) a prospective study (n = 89) describing cardiac magnetic resonance before and after the total cavopulmonary connection in low-risk patients with univentricular heart defects.Results:Pre-Glenn: The total length of CT angiography was markedly shorter compared to the catheterisation: 30 min (range: 20–60) and 125 min (range: 70–220), respectively (p < 0.001). Catheterisation used more iodine contrast agents than CT angiography, 19 ± 3.9 ml, and 10 ± 2.4 ml, respectively (p < 0.001). Controlled ventilation was used for all catheterised and 3 (15%) CT angiography patients (p < 0.001). No complications occurred during CT angiography, while they emerged in 19% (4/21) catheterisation cases (p < 0.001). CT angiography and catheterisation showed no significant difference in the radiation exposure. Pre-/post-total cavopulmonary connection: All cardiac magnetic resonance studies were successful, and no complications occurred. In 60% of the cardiac magnetic resonance (53/89), no sedation was performed, and peripheral venous pressure was measured in all cases. Cost analysis suggests that moving to non-invasive imaging yielded cost savings of at least €2500–4000 per patient.Conclusion:Transition from routine invasive to routine non-invasive pre-and post-operative imaging is safely achievable with cost savings.
Two countries, similar practices: the political practices of the food industry influencing the adoption of key public health nutrition policies in Guatemala and Panama
Authors: Kroker-Lobos Maria F , Morales Lourdes Analí , Ramírez-Zea Manuel , Vandevijvere Stefanie , Champagne Beatriz , Mialon Melissa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjective:To identify the corporate political activity (CPA) strategies used by food industry actors during the development of two public health nutrition policies in Central America: Law #570 (taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages) in Panama and Bill #5504 (labelling and food marketing regulations) in Guatemala.Design:We triangulated data from publicly available information from 2018 to 2020, (e.g. industry and government materials; social media material) with semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders.Setting:Guatemala and Panama.Participants:Government, academia and international organisations workers in health and nutrition.Design:CPA strategies were categorised according to an existing internationally used taxonomy into action-based, instrumental strategies (coalition management, information management, direct involvement and influence in policy, legal action) and discursive strategies.Results:Instrumental strategies included the establishment of relationships with policymakers and direct lobbying against the proposed public policies. Discursive strategies were mainly criticising on the unfounded ground that they lacked evidence of effectiveness and will imply negative impacts on the economy. The industry pointed at individuals for making their own food choices, in order to shift the focus away from the role of its products in contributing to ill health.Conclusion:We provide evidence of the political practices used by the food industry to interfere with the development and implementation of public health nutrition policies to improve diets in Central America. Policymakers, public health advocates and the public should be informed about those practices and develop counterstrategies and arguments to protect the public and policies from the vested interests of the food industry.
Moisture and Seasonality Shifts Recorded in Holocene and Pleistocene Speleothems From Southeastern Arabia
Authors: Fleitmann D. , Burns S. J. , Matter A. , Cheng H. , Affolter S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe source and seasonality of rainfall in southern Arabia during the early‐ to mid‐Holocene and preceding humid periods are controversial because fossil lacustrine sediments provide solely indirect information on the amount of rainfall. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope measurements on fluid inclusion water trapped in Holocene and Pleistocene stalagmites from Hoti Cave in Northern Oman are direct indicators of the isotopic composition of paleoprecipitation. Isotope values of fluid inclusions formed during peak interglacial periods plot along monsoonal water lines and are indicative of a southern monsoonal moisture source. The last monsoon‐dominated period lasting from ∼10,100 to 6,300 years before present was terminated within a few decades in southeastern Arabia. The subsequent reduction in rainfall amount and change from predominantly summer to predominantly winter rainfall had a profound impact on human communities living in this area and triggered migration from inland to coastal areas where resources were more abundant.
Argo Reveals the Scales and Provenance of Equatorial Island Upwelling Systems
Authors: Karnauskas Kristopher B. , Giglio Donata 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEquatorial islands have distinct oceanographic signatures, including cool sea surface temperature and high productivity immediately to their west. It has long been hypothesized that topographic upwelling is responsible for such characteristics—upward deflection by the islands of the eastward‐flowing equatorial undercurrent (EUC). Using 22 years of in situ measurements by Argo, we provide the first direct observations of this process occurring with consistency at two prominent archipelagos in the equatorial Pacific. Argo measurements resolve a clear subsurface thermal fingerprint of vertical divergence at the depth of the EUC, confined to within 100 km of both the Gilbert (∼175°E) and Galápagos Islands (∼90°W). This signal at the Galápagos is well‐reproduced by a high‐resolution ocean reanalysis, enabling the estimation of vertical velocities balancing the zonal convergence of the EUC upon the islands. This sharpened view of the physics underpinning such important tropical ecosystems has implications for strategies to model and predict them.
Southern Control of Interhemispheric Synergy on Glacial Marine Carbon Sequestration
Authors: Du Jinlong , Ye Ying , Zhang Xu , Völker Christoph , Tian Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAmong mechanisms accounting for atmospheric pCO2 drawdown during glacial periods, processes operating in the North Atlantic (NA) and Southern Ocean (SO) have been proposed to be critical. Their individual and synergic effects during a course of glaciation, however, remain enigmatic. We conducted simulations to examine these effects at idealized glacial stages. Under early‐glacial‐like conditions, cooling in the SO can trigger an initial pCO2 drawdown while the associated sea ice expansion has little impact on air‐sea gas exchange. Under later glacial‐like conditions, further cooling in the NA enhances ocean carbon uptake due to a stronger solubility pump, and the SO‐induced stronger deep stratification prevents carbon exchange between the deep and upper ocean. Meanwhile, strengthened dust deposition increases the SO contribution to the global biological pump, and CO2 outgassing is suppressed by fully extended sea ice cover. More carbon is then stored in the deep Pacific, acting as a passive reservoir.
Partitioning of Iron Between Liquid and Crystalline Phases of (Mg,Fe)O
Authors: Braithwaite James , Stixrude Lars 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe density contrast between crystals and coexisting liquids is key to understanding the evolution of the magma ocean. While crystals remain denser than isochemical liquids in most oxide and silicate systems over the pressure range of Earth's mantle, element partitioning, particularly of abundant heavy elements such as iron, can alter the buoyancy. We use molecular dynamics simulations based on spin‐polarized density functional theory and adiabatic switching to determine the free energy of iron substitution in liquid and crystalline (Mg,Fe)O and the distribution coefficient. We find that iron is strongly incompatible with a distribution coefficient less than 0.3 over the mantle pressure range. We find that the crystal is buoyant with respect to coexisting liquid at pressures exceeding 50 GPa. The high‐spin to low‐spin transition has an important influence on the distribution coefficient, which decreases with increasing pressure up to 80 GPa, and then increases on further increase of pressure.
The Summertime Pacific‐North American Weather Regimes and Their Predictability
Authors: Nabizadeh Ebrahim , Lubis Sandro W. , Hassanzadeh Pedram 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe forecast skill of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models and the intrinsic predictability can be different among weather regimes. Here, we examine the predictability of distinct Pacific‐North American weather regimes during extended boreal summer. The four identified weather regimes include Pacific trough, Arctic low, Arctic high, and Alaskan ridge. The medium range forecast skill of these regimes is quantified in the ECMWF and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction models from the TIGGE project. Based on anomaly correlation coefficient, persistence, and transition frequency, the highest forecast skill is consistently found for the Arctic high regime. Based on the instantaneous local dimension and persistence from a dynamical systems analysis, the Arctic high regime has the highest intrinsic predictability. The analysis also suggests that overall, the Pacific trough regime has the lowest intrinsic predictability. These findings are consistent with the forecast skills of the NWP models, and highlight the link between prediction skill and intrinsic predictability.
Hydroxychloride‐Bearing Fluid Inclusions in Ultramafic Rocks From New Caledonia: Implications for Serpentinization in Saline Environments on Earth and Beyond
Authors: Zhang Long , Wang Qiang , Mikhailenko Denis S. , Ding Xing , Li Wan‐Cai , Xian Haiyang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSerpentinization produces H2 and synthesizes CH4 that can support nonphotosynthetic habitability on Earth and possibly beyond. Although fluids on Earth and beyond that may participate in serpentinization are extensively saline with elevated levels of chlorine, chloride minerals are generally not considered to be a crucial component of serpentinization. In this study, we report the formation of kuliginite, a recently discovered hydroxychloride mineral with the ideal formula of Fe3Mg(OH)6Cl2, during internal serpentinization within olivine‐hosted fluid inclusions in ultramafic rocks from New Caledonia, southwest Pacific. It is inferred that kuliginite may form during serpentinization by Cl‐rich saline fluids under certain conditions on celestial bodies, which is largely unrevealed due to our insufficient knowledge about kuliginite. As a mineral containing ∼57 wt.% FeO that is mainly ferrous, kuliginite, even in minor amounts, may play an important role in iron partitioning during serpentinization, with a great influence on the production of H2 and synthesis of CH4. In a word, stabilization of kuliginite retards iron oxidation, whereas further hydration of kuliginite supplements canonical pathways of iron oxidation. In addition, as a hydroxychloride, kuliginite may have a significant weight in the chlorine budget of serpentinite. Therefore, kuliginite in the serpentinized fluid inclusions presented in this study may have general implications for serpentinization in certain saline environments on Earth and beyond, which needs to be further explored in the future.
Neurometabolic changes in neonates with congenital heart defects and their relation to neurodevelopmental outcome
Authors: Steger Céline , Feldmann Maria , Borns Julia , Hagmann Cornelia , Latal Beatrice , Held Ulrike , Jakab András , O’Gorman Tuura Ruth , Knirsch Walter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAltered neurometabolite ratios in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart defects (CHD) may serve as a biomarker for altered brain development and neurodevelopment (ND).MethodsWe analyzed single voxel 3T PRESS H1-MRS data, acquired unilaterally in the left basal ganglia and white matter of 88 CHD neonates before and/or after neonatal cardiac surgery and 30 healthy controls. Metabolite ratios to Creatine (Cr) included glutamate (Glu/Cr), myo-Inositol (mI/Cr), glutamate and glutamine (Glx/Cr), and lactate (Lac/Cr). In addition, the developmental marker N-acetylaspartate to choline (NAA/Cho) was evaluated. All children underwent ND outcome testing using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Third Edition (BSID-III) at 1 year of age.ResultsWhite matter NAA/Cho ratios were lower in CHD neonates compared to healthy controls (group beta estimate: −0.26, std. error 0.07, 95% CI: −0.40 – 0.13,pvalue <0.001, FDR correctedpvalue = 0.010). We found no correlation between pre- or postoperative white matter NAA/Cho with ND outcome while controlling for socioeconomic status and CHD diagnosis.ConclusionReduced white matter NAA/Cho in CHD neonates undergoing cardiac surgery may reflect a delay in brain maturation. Further long-term MRS studies are needed to improve our understanding of the clinical impact of altered metabolites on brain development and outcome.ImpactNAA/Cho was reduced in the white matter, but not the gray matter of CHD neonates compared to healthy controls.No correlation to the 1-year neurodevelopmental outcome (Bayley-III) was found.While the rapid change of NAA/Cho with age might make it a sensitive marker for a delay in brain maturation, the relationship to neurodevelopmental outcome requires further investigation.
Australian arm of the International Spinal Cord Injury (Aus-InSCI) Community Survey: 3. Drivers of quality of life in people with spinal cord injury
Authors: Kifley Annette , Arora Mohit , Nunn Andrew , Marshall Ruth , Geraghty Timothy , Weber Gerard , Urquhart Sue , Craig Ashley , Cameron Ian D. , Middleton James W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Study design
Cross-sectional population-based survey for the Australian cohort of the International Spinal Cord Injury (InSCI) Community Survey.

Objectives
To differentiate subgroups of people with spinal cord injury (SCI) who self-report good and poor overall quality of life (QoL) using domains of the International Classification of Functioning (ICF), and to evaluate how these factors contribute to QoL when considered together, while controlling confounders.

Setting
Australian survey data from four state-wide SCI services, one government insurance agency, and three not-for-profit consumer organisations.

Methods
Explanatory factors for QoL were compared between participants reporting poor vs. good QoL. Path models estimated total, direct and mediated contributions from each explanatory factor to QoL ratings after accounting for confounders.

Results
Most participants (62%) reported good or very good QoL, 12% reported poor or very poor QoL. When explanatory factors were considered together, the strongest total effects on QoL involved social integration (+0.36 SDs), subjective social position (+0.29), secondary health condition burden (−0.28), activity/participation problem burden (−0.26), day-to-day assistance (−0.26), mental health (+0.18), pain (−0.16), self-efficacy (+0.15), vitality (+0.14) and environmental barriers (−0.11). Effects of social integration, mental health, vitality, self-efficacy, pain and activity/participation problems were partly or wholly direct.

Conclusion
Opportunities to improve QoL in people with SCI exist at every level of the health system. Virtually all aspects of the ICF framework make a substantive difference to QoL outcomes. Social and psychological factors and ability to complete desired activities have key direct effects and influence effects of secondary health condition burden and environmental barriers.
A single WNT enhancer drives specification and regeneration of the Drosophila wing
Authors: Gracia-Latorre Elena , Pérez Lidia , Muzzopappa Mariana , Milán Marco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWings have provided an evolutionary advantage to insects and have allowed them to diversify. Here, we have identified in Drosophila a highly robust regulatory mechanism that ensures the specification and growth of the wing not only during normal development but also under stress conditions. We present evidence that a single wing-specific enhancer in the wingless gene is used in two consecutive developmental stages to first drive wing specification and then contribute to mediating the remarkable regenerative capacity of the developing wing upon injury. We identify two evolutionary conserved cis-regulatory modules within this enhancer that are utilized in a redundant manner to mediate these two activities through the use of distinct molecular mechanisms. Whereas Hedgehog and EGFR signalling regulate Wingless expression in early primordia, thus inducing wing specification from body wall precursors, JNK activation in injured tissues induce Wingless expression to promote compensatory proliferation. These results point to evolutionarily linked conservation of wing specification and regeneration to ensure robust development of the wing, perhaps the most relevant evolutionary novelty in insects.
Population-based tract-to-region connectome of the human brain and its hierarchical topology
Authors: Yeh Fang-Cheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConnectome maps region-to-region connectivities but does not inform which white matter pathways form the connections. Here we constructed a population-based tract-to-region connectome to fill this information gap. The constructed connectome quantifies the population probability of a white matter tract innervating a cortical region. The results show that ~85% of the tract-to-region connectome entries are consistent across individuals, whereas the remaining (~15%) have substantial individual differences requiring individualized mapping. Further hierarchical clustering on cortical regions revealed dorsal, ventral, and limbic networks based on the tract-to-region connective patterns. The clustering results on white matter bundles revealed the categorization of fiber bundle systems in the association pathways. This tract-to-region connectome provides insights into the connective topology between cortical regions and white matter bundles. The derived hierarchical relation further offers a categorization of gray and white matter structures.
Epigenome-wide association study of human frontal cortex identifies differential methylation in Lewy body pathology
Authors: Pihlstrøm Lasse , Shireby Gemma , Geut Hanneke , Henriksen Sandra Pilar , Rozemuller Annemieke J. M. , Tunold Jon-Anders , Hannon Eilis , Francis Paul , Thomas Alan J. , Love Seth , Mill Jonathan , van de Berg Wilma D. J. , Toft Mathias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are closely related progressive disorders with no available disease-modifying therapy, neuropathologically characterized by intraneuronal aggregates of misfolded α-synuclein. To explore the role of DNA methylation changes in PD and DLB pathogenesis, we performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of 322 postmortem frontal cortex samples and replicated results in an independent set of 200 donors. We report novel differentially methylated replicating loci associated with Braak Lewy body stage near TMCC2, SFMBT2, AKAP6 and PHYHIP. Differentially methylated probes were independent of known PD genetic risk alleles. Meta-analysis provided suggestive evidence for a differentially methylated locus within the chromosomal region affected by the PD-associated 22q11.2 deletion. Our findings elucidate novel disease pathways in PD and DLB and generate hypotheses for future molecular studies of Lewy body pathology.
Single cell transcriptomic analysis of the immune cell compartment in the human small intestine and in Celiac disease
Authors: Atlasy Nader , Bujko Anna , Bækkevold Espen S. , Brazda Peter , Janssen-Megens Eva , Lundin Knut E. A. , Jahnsen Jørgen , Jahnsen Frode L. , Stunnenberg Hendrik G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCeliac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which ingestion of dietary gluten triggers an immune reaction in the small intestine leading to destruction of the lining epithelium. Current treatment focusses on lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet. Gluten-specific CD4+ T cells and cytotoxic intraepithelial CD8+ T cells have been proposed to be central in disease pathogenesis. Here we use unbiased single-cell RNA-sequencing and explore the heterogeneity of CD45+ immune cells in the human small intestine. We show altered myeloid cell transcriptomes present in active celiac lesions. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells transcriptomes show extensive changes and we define a natural intraepithelial lymphocyte population that is reduced in celiac disease. We show that the immune landscape in Celiac patients on a gluten-free diet is only partially restored compared to control samples. Altogether, we provide a single cell transcriptomic resource that can inform the immune landscape of the small intestine during Celiac disease.