bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and psychometric properties of the human papillomavirus-quality of life (HPV-QoL) questionnaire to assess the impact of HPV on women health-related-quality-of-life
Authors: Coronado Pluvio J. , González-Granados Carmen , Ramírez-Mena Mar , Calvo Javier , Fasero María , Bellón Mónica , García-Santos Javier F. , Rejas-Gutiérrez Javier 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The HPV-Quality-of-Life (HPV-QoL) questionnaire was developed to determine the impact of Human-Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and related interventions on women health-related quality-of-life. This study provides the development and preliminary psychometric properties of a novel HPV-QoL questionnaire for adult women with HPV.

Methods
After reviewing literature and cognitive debriefing interviews in women who had experienced HPV-related conditions, instrument items and domains were developed. A draft questionnaire was pilot tested for comprehension and ease of completion. Psychometric evaluation of the final HPV-QoL scale was conducted in a psychometric study including 252 adult women derived to our centre by a positive HPV test in the cervical cancer screening program and/or presenting genital warts.

Results
The present study reveals that the HPV-QoL questionnaire, structured in four domains: general well-being [including psychological well-being and social well-being subdomains], health, contagiousness and sexuality, showed good metric properties of feasibility irrespective of age or educational level, and time to administer was less than 5 min. Internal consistency and temporal stability (reliability) showed values above the acceptable standards. The instrument showed its concurrent validity by means of a significant correlation with mental and sexual existing instruments; GHQ-12 and FSFI questionnaires, respectively, and also known groups validity showing significant differences among the subgroups regarding either sexual dysfunction or mental deterioration.

Conclusion
This study provides an HPV-QoL questionnaire with an innovative patient-reported outcomes specific measurement tool to assess HRQoL in women with HPV infection. The present study suggests this questionnaire has satisfactory psychometric properties, including validity and reliability. Results support the use of the HPV-QoL questionnaire as a HRQoL measurement instrument for daily medical practice and clinical research.
Medikamentöse Ausstattung arztbesetzter Rettungsmittel – ist eine präklinische Therapie nach aktuellen Leitlinien möglich?
Authors: Carstens Eike , Eismann Hendrik , Flentje Markus , Albers Thomas , Sieg Lion 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Eine hohe Versorgungsqualität in der präklinischen Notfallmedizin zeichnet sich durch eine leitliniengerechte Therapie aus. Grundvoraussetzung für diese Therapie ist das Vorhalten der benötigten Medikamente entsprechend den gültigen Leitlinienempfehlungen. Ob dies flächendeckend gewährleistet wird, ist aktuell unklar. Ein einheitlicher Standard zur medikamentösen Ausstattung arztbesetzter Rettungsmittel in Deutschland existiert nicht. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Identifikation von wichtigen Diagnosen und der zu ihrer Therapie benötigten Medikamente. Ein Abgleich dieser Ergebnisse mit der realen Ausstattung arztbesetzter Rettungsmittel ermöglicht die Bewertung hinsichtlich leitliniengerechter Therapieoptionen.

Material und Methoden
Nach einer strukturierten Leitlinienrecherche wurden Tracerdiagnosen definiert und ihnen relevante Medikamente zugeordnet. Hier wurde auch der Evidenz- und Empfehlungsgrad berücksichtigt. In einem zweiten Schritt wurden Ärztliche Leitungen Rettungsdienst zu der Ausstattung der von ihnen verantworteten Rettungsmittel befragt und die Ergebnisse mit den empfohlenen Medikamenten verglichen.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 156 verschiedene Medikamente identifiziert. Der Median der vorgehaltenen Medikamente beträgt 58 bei einer minimalen Vorhaltung eines Standorts von 35 Medikamenten und maximaler Vorhaltung mehrerer Standorte von 77 Medikamenten.

Diskussion
In der vorliegenden Erhebung wurden die in Leitlinien empfohlenen Medikamente mit der realen Ausstattung von arztbesetzten Rettungsmitteln verglichen. Insgesamt zeigt sich, verglichen mit einer Studie aus dem Jahr 2011, eine verbesserte Strukturqualität. Die empfohlenen Medikamente werden zu einem hohen Maß prähospital vorgehalten. Die Daten dieser Erhebung können von Rettungsdienstbereichen in ganz Deutschland zur Beurteilung ihrer individuellen Strukturqualität genutzt werden.

Graphic abstract
Hospital resource utilisation from HPV-related diseases in England: a real-world cost analysis
Authors: Fabiano G. , Marcellusi A. , Mennini F. S. , Sciattella P. , Favato G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and objective
HPV (human papillomavirus) is the virus most often responsible for sexually transmitted infections. The burden of HPV-related diseases on hospital resources represents a major public health problem. The objective of this study was to quantify the lifetime economic burden of HPV-related diseases based on hospital resources from the perspective of National Health Service (NHS) in England.

Methods
Patients’ data were extracted, anonymised and aggregated by NHS digital from Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) database of patients admitted in 2015 and followed for three years. Data on hospitalizations were identified according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10 CM). Health Resource Group (HRG) tariffs and National Reference Costs were used to estimate the hospitalization costs of anal, cervical, genital, oropharyngeal cancers as well as anogenital warts and cervical dysplasia.

Results
A total of 19,296 hospitalized patients were included in the estimation model, (39% was male and 61% female. At admission, the average age was 60 and 50 years old, respectively). Life-time costs per patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer were £16,911 (£17,142 for male and £16,334 for female), penile cancer £12,539, vaginal cancer £12,676, anal cancer £13.773 (£12,590 for male, £14,525 for female). Cervical cancer accounted for £12,721, whereas cervical dysplasia for £3932. Resource used for hospitalized patients with anogenital warts was equal to £872 (£884 and £856 for men and women, respectively). On average, outpatient accounted for 39% of the total lifetime costs.

Conclusion
The results of this study highlight that a substantial amount of resources is utilized for the treatment of HPV-related diseases at hospital level in England. These measures have the potential to inform policy decisions to ensure an optimal use of the NHS resources.
“The Perception of Visiting Holocaust Sites on Undergraduate Students Learning Process”
Authors: Bussu Anna , Leadbetter Peter , Richards Michael 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the main findings of a qualitative research project. The aim of the research was to explore undergraduate students’ perceived knowledge acquisition and awareness of the Holocaust, after visiting Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland. The qualitative study (focus groups & semi-structured questionnaires) involved three cohorts of students and lecturers from a university in the North West of England. The participants visited the Holocaust-related sites in Poland from 2016 to 2019. Findings indicate that students’ who actively engaged in visits to Holocaust related sites developed knowledge and awareness of the Holocaust. For many participants, this knowledge and awareness was facilitated via a reflective process that enabled empathic connection between these historical events and the students. The study also highlighted practical strategies that could be implemented to enhance the experience for future cohorts of undergraduate students visiting holocaust related sites. By adding to the limited literature on Holocaust education with undergraduate students, the study highlighted the importance and directions for future research in this area to inform future pedagogic practice.
Heat Kernels for a Class of Hybrid Evolution Equations
Authors: Garofalo Nicola , Tralli Giulio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to construct (explicit) heat kernels for some hybrid evolution equations which arise in physics, conformal geometry and subelliptic PDEs. Hybrid means that the relevant partial differential operator appears in the form ${\mathscr{L}}_{1} + {\mathscr{L}}_{2} - \partial _{t}$

L

1

+

L

2

−

∂

t

, but the variables cannot be decoupled. As a consequence, the relative heat kernel cannot be obtained as the product of the heat kernels of the operators ${\mathscr{L}}_{1} - \partial _{t}$

L

1

−

∂

t

and ${\mathscr{L}}_{2} - \partial _{t}$

L

2

−

∂

t

. Our approach is new and ultimately rests on the generalised Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operators in the opening of Hörmander’s 1967 groundbreaking paper on hypoellipticity.
General and special education teachers’ knowledge about reading comprehension processes and instructional practices
Authors: Jakobson Kristi , Soodla Piret , Aro Mikko 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe study investigated teachers’ knowledge of reading comprehension processes and reading comprehension instruction. The study was carried out among teachers (N = 65) in Estonia. The content analysis classified qualitative data from semi-structured interviews as quantitative data. The results showed that teachers’ content knowledge about reading comprehension processes and pedagogical knowledge of reading comprehension instruction were considerably variable yet mostly limited. Special education teachers (n = 37) mentioned a wider range of reading strategies than classroom teachers (n = 28). When describing how to support struggling readers, significant differences emerged between the teacher groups: Special education teachers mentioned activities to support students’ reading comprehension more frequently than classroom teachers whereas classroom teachers mentioned activities for supporting reading motivation more often than special education teachers. Teachers’ lack of knowledge about reading comprehension processes and reading comprehension instruction indicate the need to improve these topics in preservice and in-service teacher training to enhance their teaching skills.
Improving Preservice Primary Teachers’ Understanding of the Nature of Methods of Science Through Reflective Reading of News Articles
Authors: García-Carmona Antonio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA study is presented that analyzed the pedagogical efficacy of reading opinion articles about methods of science, published in the media, in order to improve the meta-scientific understanding of 52 preservice primary teachers (PPTs) with regard to the topic. To this end, an activity was designed taking an explicit and reflective approach. The design of the activity required a short teaching intervention when being implemented in class in order to facilitate its integration into the program of the subject of science teaching. Before doing the activity, the PPTs’ prior conceptions about the nature of methods of science were diagnosed using the Opinions about Science, Technology and Society Questionnaire (COCTS, in its Spanish acronym). The activity consisted of reading the articles, and then responding in small work groups to a series of questions for reflection and debate on the topic. The groups’ responses were then shared and discussed in class. Once the activity had finished, the PPTs responded to the questionnaire again (post-test) in order to evaluate how their conceptions had progressed. There was an improvement in their understanding of various aspects of the nature of methods of science (e.g., scientists use a variety of methods in their research depending on the object of study, the context, and the resources available, or that the scientific method is an idealized, simplistic, and therefore poor representation of how scientists do research). These results show that the activity was effective in getting the PPTs to reflect and learn about the topic. Finally, the limitations of the study are discussed (e.g., the limited time frame to implement the activity and evaluate results), and some future research perspectives are given to improve the understanding of PPTs about the nature of methods of science.
What Causes Desmoplastic Reaction in Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms?
Authors: Ratnayake Gowri M. , Laskaratos Faidon-Marios , Mandair Dalvinder , Caplin Martyn E. , Rombouts Krista , Toumpanakis Christos 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Mesenteric desmoplasia in small intestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (SINENs) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In this paper, we discuss the development of desmoplasia in SINENs.

Recent Findings
The fibrotic reactions associated with these tumours could be limited to the loco-regional environment of the tumour and/or at distant sites. Mesenteric fibrotic mass forms around a local lymph node. Formation of desmoplasia is mediated by interactions between the neoplastic cells and its microenvironment via number of profibrotic mediators and signalling pathways. Profibrotic molecules that are mainly involved in the desmoplastic reaction include serotonin, TGFβ (transforming growth factor β) and CTGF (connective tissue growth factor), although there is some evidence to suggest that there are a number of other molecules involved in this process.

Summary
Desmoplasia is a result of autocrine and paracrine effects of multiple molecules and signalling pathways. However, more research is needed to understand these mechanisms and to develop targeted therapy to minimise desmoplasia.
A Comparative Assessment on the Recovery of Pectin and Phenolic Fractions from Aqueous and DES Extracts Obtained from Melon Peels
Authors: Rico Xiana , Gullón Beatriz , Yáñez Remedios 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis work evaluates the purification of melon peel extracts obtained by two eco-friendly methods: autohydrolysis and sodium acetate/urea/water extraction (1:3:1.6), an alkaline deep eutectic solvent (DES). For that, sequential ethanol precipitation and resin adsorption/desorption stages were proposed for the separate recovery of the pectic and phenolic fractions. In order to screen the optimal purification conditions, in a first step, the effect of ethanol concentrations (from 70 to 85%) on the precipitation of pectic oligosaccharides was assayed. Subsequently, the influence of the selected resin (Amberlite XAD4, XAD16HP and XAD7HP), liquid/resin ratios, and desorption sequences (varying ethanol concentrations and pH) on the phenolic compounds was also studied. The highest pectin yields were achieved with 85% ethanol: 16.11 and 18.05 g pectin/100 g water-insoluble solids (WIS) for autohydrolysis and DES extracts, respectively. All pectins presented a galacturonic acid content of about 45%, while autohydrolysis pectin presented a higher amount of neutral sugar side chains. The presence of low methoxyl GalA and both linear and branched OGalA with DP from 2 to 20 was also confirmed by FTIR and HPAEC-PAD analysis, respectively. Concerning the phenolic fraction, the resin adsorption and desorption steps at the selected conditions (XAD4 resin, liquid/resin ratio of 2 mL/g, eluted with 50% ethanol thrice) resulted in 79.55 and 4.08 mg GAE/g non-volatile content (NVC) for autohydrolysis and DES extracts, respectively, with improved antioxidant capacity. Moreover, some phenolic acids (protocatechuic and ferulic acids) and flavonoids (orientin, vitexin and naringenin) were quantified in the extracts by HPLC–PDA-MS/MS.
Vote Buying as Rent Seeking: Land Sales in China’s Village Elections
Authors: Ma Xiao , Whiting Susan H. , Zhang Tonglong , Zhao Tan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhat explains why vote buying occurs in some elections but not others? The phenomenon of vote buying is under-studied in authoritarian, single-party-dominant regimes, especially in non-partisan elections in which competition is candidate-centered rather than party centered. Village elections in China provide a valuable window on the dynamics of vote buying in these conditions. Employing both an in-depth case study and an original, panel survey to provide new, systematic measures of rents and vote buying, we develop and test the following hypothesis: the availability of non-competitive rents accessible by winning candidates explains the variation in the incidence of vote buying in local elections. Our causal identification strategy exploits the timing of land takings and the exogenous nature of formal land takings authorized in state land-use plans at higher administrative levels to test the vote-buying-as-rent-seeking hypothesis. We find that the lure of rents, mainly from government takings of village land, is a key driver of vote buying by non-partisan candidates for the office of village leader. The evidence suggests that vote buying provides information to the authoritarian state about which local elites it should recruit into the rent-sharing coalition.
The Spanish version of the short form of the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS-12): Testing the factor structure and measurement invariance across genders
Authors: Arnáez Sandra , García-Soriano Gemma , Castro Jesús , Berle David , Starcevic Vladan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCyberchondria refers to excessive and repeated online health-related searching, which is associated with increased distress and anxiety. The Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS) is the most widely used measure for assessment of cyberchondria, and its shortened version (CSS-12) has recently been developed. The aim of the present study was to develop the Spanish version of the CSS-12 and test its psychometric properties. A community sample of 432 Spanish-speaking adults (67.6% women; mean age = 36.00 ± 15.22 years) completed the Spanish translation of CSS-12 along with measures of health anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, anxiety and depressive symptoms. The Spanish version of the CSS-12 comprises a general cyberchondria factor and four specific factors (‘excessiveness’, ‘compulsion’, ‘distress’, and ‘reassurance’). Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated measurement invariance across gender groups. Internal consistency values for the total score and subscales were good to excellent. The CSS-12 showed strong correlations with health anxiety, and moderate to low correlations with anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and depressive symptoms, supporting the convergent and divergent validity of the CSS-12, respectively. In conclusion, these results show that the CSS-12 is a valid and reliable tool for measuring cyberchondria in both genders in the general Spanish population.
Recent Advances in Lead Chemisorption for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Pengfei , Zhang Fei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLead toxicity in perovskite materials, which have hazardous effects on the environment and the human body, has drawn considerable attention to emerging photovoltaic technology perovskite solar cells. Despite the capability of other strategies to prevent lead leakage, chemisorption is another efficient approach to block Pb leaching by employing Pb absorbents in/out of device structures. This review discusses lead toxicity and summarizes the recent research about chemisorption strategies by their functions: additives, the hole-transporting layers, interfacial modifiers, and encapsulation layers. Finally, the basic guidelines and challenges for designing novel Pb-adsorbing materials and encapsulation structures are presented.
Can DyeCycling break the photobleaching limit in single-molecule FRET?
Authors: Vermeer Benjamin , Schmid Sonja 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBiomolecular systems, such as proteins, crucially rely on dynamic processes at the nanoscale. Detecting biomolecular nanodynamics is therefore key to obtaining a mechanistic understanding of the energies and molecular driving forces that control biomolecular systems. Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) is a powerful technique to observe in real-time how a single biomolecule proceeds through its functional cycle involving a sequence of distinct structural states. Currently, this technique is fundamentally limited by irreversible photobleaching, causing the untimely end of the experiment and thus, a narrow temporal bandwidth of ≤ 3 orders of magnitude. Here, we introduce “DyeCycling”, a measurement scheme with which we aim to break the photobleaching limit in smFRET. We introduce the concept of spontaneous dye replacement by simulations, and as an experimental proof-of-concept, we demonstrate the intermittent observation of a single biomolecule for one hour with a time resolution of milliseconds. Theoretically, DyeCycling can provide > 100-fold more information per single molecule than conventional smFRET. We discuss the experimental implementation of DyeCycling, its current and fundamental limitations, and specific biological use cases. Given its general simplicity and versatility, DyeCycling has the potential to revolutionize the field of time-resolved smFRET, where it may serve to unravel a wealth of biomolecular dynamics by bridging from milliseconds to the hour range.
De Leefstijlmonitor: Cijfers voor gezondheidsbeleid
Authors: de Hollander Ellen , Hupkens Christianne , van Dorsselaar Saskia , Wendel-Vos Wanda , Kemler Ellen , de Graaf Hanneke , Stafleu Annette , Hosper Karen , Tak Nannah , van Rossum Caroline , Vermey Koenraad , Hiemstra Marieke 
Published: May 2022

SamenvattingIn 2013 is in opdracht van het Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport de Leefstijlmonitor (LSM) gestart om de gegevensverzameling op het gebied van leefstijl in Nederland efficiënter en meer samenhangend te organiseren om te komen tot eenduidige cijfers voor gezondheidsbeleid. Dit artikel beschrijft het ontstaan, de verschillende onderdelen en de thema’s van de LSM, en de taken en rollen van de samenwerkende partijen. Daarnaast beschrijft het hoe de gegevens verzameld worden en waar de gegevensverzamelingen op te vragen zijn voor onderzoek. Tot slot bevat het enkele voorbeelden van cijfers en trends over de periode 2014–2020 ter ondersteuning van gezondheidsbeleid.
Windows on Time: Unlocking the Temporal Microstructure of Experience
Authors: Wilson Keith A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEach of our sensory modalities — vision, touch, taste, etc. — works on a slightly different timescale, with differing temporal resolutions and processing lag. This raises the question of how, or indeed whether, these sensory streams are co-ordinated or ‘bound’ into a coherent multisensory experience of the perceptual ‘now’. In this paper I evaluate one account of how temporal binding is achieved: thetemporal windows hypothesis, concluding that, in its simplest form, this hypothesis is inadequate to capture a variety of multisensory phenomena. Rather, the evidence suggests the existence of a more complex temporal structure in which multiple overlapping windows support distinct functional mechanisms. To aid in the precise formulation of such views, I propose a taxonomy of temporal window types and their characteristics that in turn suggests promising avenues for future empirical and philosophical research. I conclude by examining some philosophical implications of multi-window models for the metaphysics of perception and perceptual experience more generally.