bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactive software for visualization of nontargeted mass spectrometry data—FluoroMatch visualizer
Authors: Koelmel Jeremy P , Stelben Paul , Godri David , Qi Jiarong , McDonough Carrie A , Dukes David A , Aristizabal-Henao Juan J , Bowden John A , Sternberg Sandi , Rennie Emma E , Godri Pollitt Krystal J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
There are thousands of different per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in everyday products and in the environment. Discerning the abundance and diversity of PFAS is essential for understanding sources, fate, exposure routes, and the associated health impacts of PFAS. While comprehensive detection of PFAS requires the use of nontargeted mass spectrometry, data processing is time intensive and prone to error. While automated approaches can compile all mass spectrometric evidence (e.g., retention time, isotopic pattern, fragmentation, and accurate mass) and provide ranking or scoring metrics for annotations, confident assignment of structure often still requires extensive manual review of the data. To aid this process, we present FluoroMatch Visualizer, an open-source free software which was developed to provide interactive visualizations which include normalized mass defect plots, retention time versus accurate mass plots, MS/MS fragmentation spectra, and tables of annotations and metadata. All graphs and tables are interactive and have cross-filtering such that when a user selects a feature, all other visuals highlight the feature of interest. Several filtering options have been integrated into this novel data visualization tool, specifically with the capability to filter by PFAS chemical series, fragment(s), assignment confidence, and MS/MS file(s). FluoroMatch Visualizer is part of FluoroMatch Suite, which consists of FluoroMatch Modular, FluoroMatch Flow, and FluoroMatch Generator. FluoroMatch Visualizer enables annotations to be extensively validated, increasing annotation confidence. The resulting visualizations and datasets can be shared online in an interactive format for community-based PFAS discovery. FluoroMatch visualizer holds potential to promote harmonization of nontargeted data processing and interpretation throughout the PFAS scientific community.
After Molière (1673–1689)
Authors: Clarke Jan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Molière was, above all, a man of the theatre: an actor and administrator as well his company’s chief playwright, his death in 1673 was a blow from which many thought his company would not recover. This article examines the fifteen or so years following his death to determine how his immediate successors overcame the difficulties his death presented in each of these three areas. Above all, we see them struggling to protect his works from the danger of over-familiarity, while casting round to find new comic authors to replace him (including from among their own number). And in so doing, they almost coincidentally laid the foundations of the venerable institution we know today as the ‘Maison de Molière’.
“Constitutional dismemberment” and the problem of pragmatism in Siddiqui: A reply to Po Jen Yap and Rehan Abeyratne
Authors: Sayeed M A , Aktar Lima 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In their provocative article, Po Jen Yap and Rehan Abeyratne offer a theoretical and pragmatic defense of a somewhat “troubling decision” of the Bangladesh Supreme Court in Asaduzzaman Siddiqui. This article provides some critical remarks on the authors’ evaluation of Siddiqui in both theoretical and pragmatic terms. In order to do this, we seek to advance two lines of argument. First, we note that, in offering theoretical justification, the authors have made a problematic choice of using two seemingly irreconcilable ideas—the idea of dismemberment and the basic structure doctrine. While using these two ideas in tandem, they did not remain, in our view, entirely true to the promise of either of them. Second, we argue that, although the authors’ defense of Siddiqui on pragmatic grounds seems to be revealing, its legitimacy can, however, be questioned, insofar as Siddiqui’s recourse to the Fifteenth Amendment shows contradictory appropriation itself of pragmatism in its own reasoning.
Between predictability and perplexity
Authors: Prieto Rudolphy Marcela 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the relationship between academia, the gendered division of labor, and the pandemic. After briefly canvassing preliminary research about the effects of the pandemic on academic women, it discusses the gendered division of caregiving responsibilities, both inside the family and in academic institutions. Through the lens of feminist theory, the article aims to understand what can be perceived as a kind of paradox or contradiction: on the one hand, there is something deeply predictable about the fact that women have shouldered relatively disproportionate caregiving responsibilities during the pandemic. On the other hand, and because these gendered effects are so predictable, there is something somewhat perplexing in the lack of institutional response. This article explains what is predictable about the phenomenon as an instantiation of misogyny and the gendered division of labor—a reproduction of already existing issues. The somewhat perplexing nature of the phenomenon comes from the lack of institutional response to deeply predictable effects, but it is also related to how resilient the gendered nature of caregiving obligations has proven to be, even during the extraordinary circumstances of a pandemic. This resilience, the article suggests, might be explained by the intersection of misogyny and economic exploitation.
The Right to Family Reunification of Children Seeking International Protection under the Convention on the Rights of the Child: Misplaced Reliance on Travaux?
Authors: Ioffe Yulia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on a unique provision, article 9 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), which stipulates a right to family reunification for all children, including those seeking international protection. Relying on the rules of treaty interpretation of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), the article argues that the desirable interpretation of article 9 prescribes a positive obligation upon States to provide entry to the territory of a State for the purposes of family unity. It also challenges the prevailing academic view that only article 10 of the CRC applies in the migration context, while article 9 of the CRC is applicable exclusively within State borders. The article contends that the text of these provisions, as well as the context of the CRC, does not support the opinion of a considerable number of scholars, who argue that children seeking international protection fall outside the scope of article 9 of the CRC. It suggests that the interpretation of article 9 of the CRC, using the proper interpretative methodology of the VCLT, demands the articulation of a distinctive child-centred approach to family reunification and a presumption against family separation of children seeking international protection.
Existence and convergence of a discontinuous Galerkin method for the incompressible three-phase flow problem in porous media
Authors: Sosa Jones Giselle , Cappanera Loïc , Riviere Beatrice 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper presents and analyzes a discontinuous Galerkin method for the incompressible three-phase flow problem in porous media. We use a first-order time extrapolation, which allows us to solve the equations implicitly and sequentially. We show that the discrete problem is well posed, and obtain a priori error estimates. Our numerical results validate the theoretical results, i.e., the algorithm converges with first order.
A splitting semi-implicit Euler method for stochastic incompressible Euler equations on 𝕋2
Authors: Hong Jialin , Sheng Derui , Zhou Tau 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The main difficulty in studying numerical methods for stochastic evolution equations (SEEs) lies in the treatment of the time discretization (Printems, 2001, ESAIM Math. Model. Numer. Anal.35, 1055–1078). Although fruitful results on numerical approximations have been developed for SEEs, as far as we know, none of them include that of stochastic incompressible Euler equations. To bridge this gap, this paper proposes and analyzes a splitting semi-implicit Euler method in temporal direction for stochastic incompressible Euler equations on torus $\mathbb {T}^2$ driven by additive noises. By a Galerkin approximation and the fixed-point technique, we establish the unique solvability of the proposed method. Based on the regularity estimates of both exact and numerical solutions, we measure the error in $L^2(\mathbb {T}^2)$ and show that the pathwise convergence order is nearly $\frac {1}{2}$ and the convergence order in probability is almost $1$.
Variance Estimates in Linnik’s Problem
Authors: Shubin Andrei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We evaluate the variance of the number of lattice points in a small randomly rotated spherical ball on a surface of 3-dimensional sphere centered at the origin. Previously, Bourgain, Rudnick, and Sarnak showed conditionally on the Generalized Lindelöf Hypothesis that the variance is bounded from above by $\sigma (\Omega ){N_n}^{1+\varepsilon }$, where $\sigma (\Omega )$ is the area of the ball $\Omega $ on the unit sphere and $N_n$ is the total number of solutions of Diophantine equation $x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = n$. Assuming the Grand Riemann Hypothesis and using the moments method of Soundararajan and Harper, we establish the upper bound of the form $c\sigma (\Omega ) N_n$, where $c$ is an absolute constant. This bound is of the conjectured order of magnitude.
Eigenvalue Asymptotics for Confining Magnetic Schrödinger Operators with Complex Potentials
Authors: Morin Léo , Raymond Nicolas , Vũ Ngoc San 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article is devoted to the spectral analysis of the electromagnetic Schrödinger operator on the Euclidean plane. In the semiclassical limit, we derive a pseudo-differential effective operator that allows us to describe the spectrum in various situations and appropriate regions of the complex plane. Not only results of the self-adjoint case are proved (or recovered) in the proposed unifying framework, but also new results are established when the electric potential is complex-valued. In such situations, when the non-self-adjointness comes with its specific issues (lack of a “spectral theorem”, resolvent estimates), the analogue of the “low-lying eigenvalues” of the self-adjoint case are still accurately described and the spectral gaps estimated.
On the Automorphism Group of Certain Short ℂ2’s
Authors: Bera Sayani , Pal Ratna , Verma Kaushal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
For a Hénon map of the form $H(x, y) = (y, p(y) - ax)$, where $p$ is a polynomial of degree at least two and $a \not = 0$, it is known that the sub-level sets of the Green’s function $G^+_H$ associated with $H$ are Short $\mathbb {C}^2$’s. For a given $c&gt; 0$, we study the holomorphic automorphism group of such a Short $\mathbb {C}^2$, namely $\Omega _c = \{ G^+_H &lt; c \}$. The unbounded domain $\Omega _c \subset \mathbb {C}^2$ is known to have smooth real analytic Levi-flat boundary. Despite the fact that $\Omega _c$ admits an exhaustion by biholomorphic images of the unit ball, it turns out that its automorphism group, $\textrm {Aut}(\Omega _c)$, cannot be too large. On the other hand, examples are provided to show that these automorphism groups are non-trivial in general. We also obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for such a pair of Short $\mathbb {C}^2$’s to be biholomorphic.
Eigenspace Decomposition of Mixed Hodge Structures on Alexander Modules
Authors: Elduque Eva , Herradón
Cueto Moisés 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In previous work jointly with Geske, Maxim, and Wang, we constructed a mixed Hodge structure (MHS) on the torsion part of (one variable) Alexander modules, which generalizes the MHS on the cohomology of the Milnor fiber for weighted homogeneous polynomials. The cohomology of a Milnor fiber carries a monodromy action, whose semisimple part is an isomorphism of MHS. The natural question of whether this result still holds for Alexander modules was then posed. In this paper, we give a positive answer to that question, which implies that the direct sum decomposition of the torsion part of Alexander modules into generalized eigenspaces is in fact a decomposition of MHS. We also show that the MHS on the generalized eigenspace of eigenvalue $1$ can be constructed without passing to a suitable finite cover (as is the case for the MHS on the torsion part of the Alexander modules), and compute it under some purity assumptions on the base space. Further, we show a formula relating the Alexander module’s Hodge numbers to those of finite covers of the base space, under some assumptions.Dedicated to the memory of Georgia Benkart
Monitoring Varicella Vaccine Impact on Varicella Incidence in the United States: Surveillance Challenges and Changing Epidemiology, 1995–2019
Authors: Marin Mona , Leung Jessica , Anderson Tara C , Lopez Adriana S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Surveillance is critical for monitoring vaccine impact. Varicella surveillance challenges predated varicella vaccine US licensure in 1995. Several interim steps were needed before case-based surveillance could be established in most states, and both active and passive surveillance was needed to document the vaccination program’s impact on varicella incidence. By the end of the 1-dose program in 2005, incidence had declined 90% in the active surveillance areas, with significant declines occurring in all age groups within 5 years of program implementation. Additional declines occurred during the 2-dose program leading to &gt;97% decline in incidence over the 25 years of program implementation through 2019, based on data from 4 states with continuous passive reporting. Surveillance showed that declines were highest among children and adolescents covered by the routine vaccination recommendations but occurred in all age groups. Although surveillance systems changed and were adapted to reflect evolving epidemiology, data consistently demonstrated decreasing varicella incidence following the vaccination program implementation. The vaccination program dramatically decreased virus circulation and increased community protection. Continued and improved varicella surveillance is needed to accurately monitor disease epidemiology and further guide prevention efforts.
Identifying Distractors for People with Computer Anxiety Based on Mouse Fixations
Authors: dos Santos Thiago Donizetti , de Santana Vagner Figueredo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Computer anxiety (CA) can be defined as fear and worries that someone may feel when using computers. Thus, people with CA may face problems when using computers at home, at work or for study purposes, resulting in multiple forms of barriers even before the actual interaction with computers. In this context, the purpose of this research is to identify user interface elements impacting task performance (i.e. distractors) for people with CA, using mouse fixation analysis as a proxy for eye gaze data. The study explores the relationship of mouse and eye gaze data collected with the help of 39 older adults interacting with a website. Results show that it is possible to identify UI elements acting as distractors (e.g. carousel, top menu) as well as those with which people with CA faced problems (e.g. side menu, search box, map), based on mouse fixations. Moreover, statistical differences show that the number of mouse fixations in navigation, content and distractors is different for different levels of CA. Furthermore, differences were found between CA groups regarding mouse and eye fixations, indicating that participants with higher CA levels had difficulty differentiating which areas of interest they should interact with using mouse. From the results, one expects that personalized systems could use the proposed approach to identify UI elements acting as distractors using mouse data and then simplify UIs based on different levels of CA.
Perceived Usability and User Experience in Augmented Reality Tools for the Treatment of Spider Phobia
Authors: Ramírez-Fernández Cristina , Morán Alberto L , Meza-Kubo Victoria 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The use of augmented reality (AR) environments to treat small animal phobias is an alternative to traditional in vivo exposure treatments that allow supporting the therapy through the virtual, gradual and controlled exposure of the patient to the animal to which he/she is afraid. In this paper, we compare three different AR tools used in exposure therapy for spider phobia with thirty users; namely, a mobile haptic AR system, an immersive AR environment, and a non-immersive AR environment. An in vivo (direct) interaction with a real spider was also used as a reference during the comparison. To compare these four conditions, each subject participated in an exposure therapy session using all of them. The perception of usefulness and experience of use of each of the tools were evaluated using a Technology Acceptance Model on-exit questionnaire and the results were obtained through indirect observation analysis. The results showed that there are no significant differences regarding the perception of usefulness among the three applications and that the haptic AR system generated the least discomforting experience of use.
Serum Free Light Chain Quantification Testing: Comparison of Two Methods for Disease Monitoring
Authors: Singh Gurmukh , Whitaker Brooke M , Wu Alan H B , Xu Hongyan , Bollag Roni J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Levels of free immunoglobulin light chains in serum and urine are a sensitive measure of dysregulated immunoglobulin synthesis. The development of an assay for free light chains in serum was a major advance in laboratory testing for monoclonal gammopathies. The original assay by The Binding Site, called Freelite®, has been in common use in laboratory monitoring of monoclonal gammopathies. Two clinical entities, myeloma-defining condition and light chain-predominant multiple myeloma, rely on quantitative measurements of serum free light chains.

Methods
Using polyclonal antisera specific to free light chains, Diazyme Laboratories developed a latex immunoturbidimetric assay for quantification of human kappa and lambda serum free light chains. We evaluated the Diazyme assay by comparing the results of kappa and lambda free light chain quantification, and kappa/lambda ratio with the results on the same specimens by the Freelite method. We also compared the correlation of the 2 methods to evaluate response to treatment and to changes in clinical status of patients with multiple myeloma.

Results
The results of Freelite and Diazyme methods are comparable. There was no statistically significant difference in the performance of the 2 assays for quantification of light chains, kappa/lambda ratio, or correlation of clinical parameters from patients with multiple myeloma at various stages of monitoring the disease in 2 geographically diverse laboratory and clinical environments.

Conclusions
The Diazyme method is comparable to Freelite and provides an opportunity to add the test to front-end automation and improvement in efficiency of the assay.
Foreword
Authors: van Sliedregt Elies , Weißer Bettina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Followers of the International Criminal Court (ICC) interested in theories of liability were looking forward to the Appeals Chamber judgment in the Ntaganda case, in which Bosco Ntaganda was convicted of war crimes and crimes against humanity in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The conviction was based on the theory of indirect co-perpetration through an Organized Structure of Power (OSP). This theory resulted from a specific interpretation of the ICC Statute, based on German legal scholarship. The theory has been criticized for its breadth and lack of legal basis. It has also been embraced as the theory of liability that best captures the liability of those who mastermind crimes. When the judgment was delivered on 30 March 2021, the appellate bench was divided, which arguably leaves the theory still contested. This symposium discusses indirect co-perpetration from perspectives hitherto not discussed. Two articles look at how the German theory of Tatherschaft that lies at the basis of indirect co-perpetration, has been absorbed in some domestic legal systems (Japan and Columbia). One article discusses the multi-layered concept of control that is at the heart of the theory. In another piece, adopting a law and sociology approach, authors explore the creative processes that produced indirect co-perpetration. Lastly, one author discusses the viability of an alternative to indirect co-perpetration: instigation.
How did Avicenna understand the Barcan formulas?
Authors: Hodges Wilfrid 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In 2003 Zia Movahed pointed to a passage of Avicenna, written probably in 1022, which Movahed claimed anticipated the modal formula of Barcan (that ‘For every $x$ necessarily $\phi $’ entails ‘Necessarily for every $x$$\phi $’), and its converse. Since 2003, examination of early logical writings of Avicenna has clarified how he understood entailments between modal sentences, using his own new temporal language to provide a kind of semantics. In the light of that, Movahed’s claim for the Barcan formula needs some tidying up but is basically correct. But by his semantics Avicenna should not have claimed the converse Barcan formula and probably didn’t claim it.
A Mixed Judgment Standard for Surrogate Decision-Making
Authors: Stout Nathan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Substituted Judgment Standard (SJS) for surrogate decision-making dictates that a surrogate, when making medical decisions on behalf of an incapacitated patient, ought to make the decision that the patient would have made if the patient had decisional capacity. Despite its intuitive appeal, however, SJS has been the target of a variety of criticisms. Most objections to SJS appeal to epistemic difficulties involved in determining what a patient would have decided in a given case. In this article, I offer an alternative standard for surrogate decision-making that avoids these difficulties. I then offer an account of its theoretical underpinnings which shows that it preserves the central moral justification for SJS, namely, respect for patient autonomy.
Renewing the Study of Trust in World Politics: A Relational Agenda
Authors: Balzacq Thierry 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This introductory essay lays the groundwork for an inductive, relational approach to the study of trust in international relations. It argues that the two main accounts of trust, affective and cognitive, are less separate motivational sources of trust than two constitutive dimensions, albeit in varying degrees, of a trusting relationship. Trust is an emergent property of social relations, and the specific form and content it takes inhere in the relationship that embodies it, whether or not actors involved are deemed trustworthy a priori. In addition to emphasizing contextual manifestations of trust, this article suggests that a relational understanding of trust foregrounds normative expectations created by trusting relationships, which the mutual determination between trustworthiness and trust-responsiveness makes necessary. The article concludes with a presentation of this forum's contributions. It shows that a relational view of trust enables us to reconcile the generic question—why agents trust one another—with contextual concerns—when and how do they exhibit trusting relationships.