bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and the risk of stroke in the Netherlands: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Heshmatollah Alis , Ma Yuan , Fani Lana , Koudstaal Peter J. , Ikram M. Arfan , Ikram M. Kamran 
Published: March 2022

Background
Apart from blood pressure level itself, variation in blood pressure has been implicated in the development of stroke in subgroups at high cardiovascular risk. We determined the association between visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and stroke risk in the general population, taking into account the size and direction of variation and several time intervals prior to stroke diagnosis.

Methods and findings
From 1990 to 2016, we included 9,958 stroke-free participants of the population-based Rotterdam Study in the Netherlands. This is a prospective cohort study including participants aged 45 years and older. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability was calculated as absolute SBP difference divided by mean SBP over 2 sequential visits (median 4.6 years apart). Directional SBP variability was defined as SBP difference over 2 visits divided by mean SBP. Using time-varying Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, mean SBP, and cardiovascular risk factors, hazard ratios (HRs) for stroke up to January 2016 were estimated per SD increase and in tertiles of variability. We also conducted analyses with 3-, 6-, and 9-year intervals between variability measurement and stroke assessment. These analyses were repeated for diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The mean age of the study population was 67.4 ± 8.2 years and 5,776 (58.0%) were women. During a median follow-up of 10.1 years, 971 (9.8%) participants had a stroke, including 641 ischemic, 89 hemorrhagic, and 241 unspecified strokes. SBP variability was associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke (HR per SD 1.27, 95% CI 1.05–1.54, p = 0.02) and unspecified stroke (HR per SD 1.21, 95% CI 1.09–1.34, p < 0.001). The associations were stronger for all stroke subtypes with longer time intervals; the HR for any stroke was 1.29 (95% CI 1.21–1.36, p < 0.001) at 3 years, 1.47 (95% CI 1.35–1.59, p < 0.001) at 6 years, and 1.38 (95%CI 1.24–1.51, p < 0.001) at 9 years. For DBP variability, we found an association with unspecified stroke risk. Both the rise and fall of SBP and the fall of DBP were associated with an increased risk for unspecified stroke. Limitations of the study include that, due to an average interval of 4 years between visits, our findings may not be generalizable to blood pressure variability over shorter periods.

Conclusions
In this population-based study, we found that visit-to-visit blood pressure variation was associated with an increased risk of unspecified and hemorrhagic stroke, independent of direction of variation or mean blood pressure.
Strengthening health system’s capacity for pre-exposure prophylaxis for adolescent girls and young women and adolescent boys and young men in South Africa (SHeS’Cap–PrEP): Protocol for a mixed methods study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Nicol Edward , Ramraj Trisha , Hlongwa Mbuzeleni , Basera Wisdom , Jama Ngcwalisa , Lombard Carl , McClinton-Appollis Tracy , Govindasamy Darshini , Pass Desiree , Funani Noluntu , Aheron Sarah , Paredes-Vincent Ariana , Drummond Jennifer , Cheyip Mireille , Dladla Sibongile , Bedford Jason , Mathews Cathy 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective prevention intervention that can be used to control HIV incidence especially among people who are at increased risk for HIV such as adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) and adolescent boys and young men (ABYM). In South Africa, various approaches of delivering PrEP have been adopted at different service delivery points (facility-based only, school-based only, community-based only and hybrid school-facility and community-facility models) to overcome challenges associated with individual, structural, and health systems related barriers that may hinder access to and uptake of PrEP among these populations. However, little is known about how to optimize PrEP implementation and operational strategies to achieve high sustained uptake of good quality services for AGYW and ABYM. This study aims to identify effective and feasible PrEP models of care for improving PrEP uptake, continuation, and adherence among AGYW and ABYM.

Methods and analysis
A sequential explanatory mixed-methods study will be conducted in 22 service delivery points (SDPs) in uMgungundlovu district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. We will recruit 600 HIV negative, sexually active, high risk, AGYW (aged 15–24 years) and ABYM (aged 15–35 years). Enrolled participants will be followed up at 1-, 4- and 7-months to determine continuation and adherence to PrEP. We will conduct two focus group discussions (with 8 participants in each group) across four groups (i. Initiated PrEP within 1 month, ii. Did not initiate PrEP within 1 month, iii. Continued PrEP at 4/7 months and iv. Did not continue PrEP at 4/7 months) and 48 in-depth interviews from each of the four groups (12 per group). Twelve key informant interviews with stakeholders working in HIV programs will also be conducted. Associations between demographic characteristics stratified by PrEP initiation and by various service-delivery models will be assessed using Chi-square/Fishers exact tests or t-test/Mann Whitney test. A general inductive approach will be used to analyze the qualitative data.

Ethics and dissemination
The protocol was approved by the South African Medical Research Council Health Research Ethics Committee (EC051-11/2020). Findings from the study will be communicated to the study population and results will be presented to stakeholders and at appropriate local and international conferences. Outputs will also include a policy brief, peer-reviewed journal articles and research capacity building through research degrees.
Association between the dietary inflammatory index and bone markers in postmenopausal women
Authors: Song Daeun , Kim Jieun , Kang Minji , Park Jungwon , Lee Haelim , Kim Deog-Yoon , Park So Young , Lim Hyunjung 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
The health problem of postmenopausal women is emerging as an important problem due to the increased aging population. This study investigated the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and bone markers in postmenopausal women.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 132 postmenopausal women aged 45–70 years. The DII score was calculated using the 3-day food records and divided into tertiles according to the DII score. The lifestyle factors that could affect bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women were investigated and included the EuroQol- 5 Dimension (EQ-5D), physical activity, and eating habits. Skeletal muscle index-weight (SMIw) was used to evaluate skeletal muscle mass, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSALP), and phosphorus (P) measured as bone biomarkers. The BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the association between anthropometric, biochemistry, BMD, and DII was assessed.

Results
In the anti-inflammatory group, a high intake of fiber, vitamins, and minerals was observed. After adjusting for confound factors, with higher DII score, percent body fat increased (β = 0.168, p = 0.012), and SMIw decreased linear regression analysis (β = −0.329, p = 0.037, respectively). For biochemistry, confound factors were adjusted, with higher DII score, ALP, BSALP and P decreased and DII score increased (β = −0.057, p = 0.002, β = −0.167, p = 0.004, β = −1.799, p = 0.026, respectively). The relationship between DII and BMD was not significant, but osteopenia increased as DII score increased.

Conclusion
The low DII score is positively associated with low body fat, high muscle mass, elevated bone markers, and low risk of osteopenia.
Altered mucosal immune-microbiota interactions in familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: Noble Alistair , Durant Lydia , Dilke Stella M , Man Ripple , Martin Isabel , Patel Roshani , Hoyles Lesley , Pring Edward T , Latchford Andrew , Clark Susan K , Carding Simon R , Knight Stella C 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a condition caused by a constitutional pathogenic variant of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene that results in intestinal adenoma formation and colorectal cancer (CRC), necessitating pre-emptive colectomy. We sought to examine interaction between the mucosal immune system and commensal bacteria in FAP to test for immune dysfunction that might accelerate tumorigenesis.

METHODS:
Colonic biopsies were obtained from macroscopically normal mucosal tissue from 14 healthy donors and 13 patients with FAP during endoscopy or from surgical specimens. Intraepithelial and lamina propria lymphocytes were phenotyped. Intraepithelial microbes were labelled with anti-IgA/IgG and analyzed by flow cytometry.

RESULTS:
Proportions of resident memory CD103-expressing CD8+ and γδ T cell receptor+ intraepithelial lymphocytes were dramatically reduced in both left and right colon of patients with FAP compared to healthy controls. In lamina propria, T-cells expressed less CD103 and CD4+ CD103+ cells expressed less CD73 ectonucleotidase. IgA coating of epithelia-associated bacteria, IgA+ peripheral B cells and CD4 T-cell memory responses to commensal bacteria were increased in FAP.

DISCUSSION:
Loss of resident memory T-cells and γδ T-cells in mucosal tissue of patients with FAP accompanies intestinal microbial dysbiosis previously reported in this pre-cancerous state and suggests impaired cellular immunity and tumor surveillance. This may lead to barrier dysfunction, possible loss of regulatory T-cell function and excess IgA antibody secretion. Our data are the first to implicate mucosal immune dysfunction as a contributing factor in this genetically driven disease and identify potentially critical pathways in the etiology of CRC.
Effect of cutting parameters on the machinability of X37CrMoV5-1 hot work tool steel
Authors: Özdemir Mustafa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Hard turning was carried out on an X37CrMoV5-1 hot work tool steel with a hardness of 50 ± 2 HRC on a computer numerical control lathe, using a ceramic insert without the use of a coolant. The cutting parameters included three different cutting speeds, three different feed rates, and three different cutting depths. A full factorial design (FFD) was created, and 33=27 experiments were carried out. The effects of cutting parameters on cutting force (Fc), surface roughness (Ra), material removal rate (MRR), specific cutting energy (SCE), current (Cu), and sound intensity (SI) were investigated. As a result of the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the effect ratios of cutting parameters on Fc, Ra, MRR, SCE, Cu, and SI were examined, and important parameters were determined. As a result, the effective rates of the feed rate, which is the most effective parameter, on Fc, Ra, and MRR were determined as 61.72, 95.90, and 61.70%, respectively. The cutting depth was 54.81 and 34.37% on SCE and SI, respectively, and the cutting speed was effective on Cu by 79.87%. By using FFD and response surface methodology (RSM), the regression equations of the results of Fc, Ra, MRR, SCE, Cu, and SI were extracted, and r
2 values were examined. In the validation experiments performed after the optimization experiments, the experimental results were estimated using FFD, RSM, and Taguchi method, and the differences between them were analyzed.
Effect of process parameters on mechanical properties of additive manufactured SMP structures based on FDM
Authors: Liu Bingfei , Yang Li , Zhou Rui , Hong Bin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As a new concept and multidisciplinary research area that combines advanced manufacturing, materials science and mechanics, 4D printing has attracted academic interest in the recent years. Shape Memory Polymer (SMP) is widely used in 4D printing due to its high stiffness and fast response. In order to make better analysis and research on additive manufacturing of SMP structures based on FDM, the DMA, DSC and TMA tests were conducted first to determine the basic thermodynamic properties of SMP. And then nine parameters, divided into three groups including printing parameters, temperature parameters and structural parameters were examined to character and assess the effect on the mechanical properties of SMP samples, respectively. The results show that the best parameters combination of temperature and printing parameters for the SMP printing is that platform temperature T

P
= 65 °C, nozzle temperature T

N
= 210 °C, feed rate Fr = 50 mm/s, layer thickness Lt = 0.18 mm. Compared with temperature and printing parameters, the structural parameters directly affect the tensile strength of the specimen with improve of 17.298 MPa while these two are 3.639 and 5.528 MPa. The tensile strength of the specimen can be effectively improved through adjusting the structural parameters.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Menulis Artikel Ilmiah Pada Jurnal Bagi Guru-Guru SMA NW Pancor
Authors: Husian Fadly , Arsi Antari Ayuning , Akhiroh Ninuk Sholikhah , Astuti Tri Marhaeni Pudji , Gustaman Fulia Aji , Abdurrahman Abdurrahman , Bafadal Robyan 
Published: March 2022

Keterampilan menulis artikel ilmiah bagi guru adalah bagian dari pengembangan akademik yang fungsional untuk menunjang penguatan dan pengembangan kompetesi guru. Berbagai level guru, baik pada tingkat dasar maupun menengah, diharapkan dapat memiliki ketrampilan dalam menulis artikel ilmiah, sehingga senantiasa dapat mengembangkan kegiatan akademik yang berorientasi pada peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran siswa. Guru di Lombok Timur belum banyak yang memiliki kemampuan dan keterampilan menulis ilmiah dengan baik.
Dari kondisi tersebut, kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat tersebut bertujuan ikut serta membantu memecahkan masalah yang terjadi diantaranya adalah, memotivasi dan memberikan kesadaran kepada guru-guru SMA NW Pancor, Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat terhadap pentingnya menulis artikel ilmiah untuk profesionalitas dan jenjang karir mereka. melatih dan mendampingi guru-guru SMA dan sederajat agar dapat menemukan masalah, menuangkan gagasan, dan menulis artikel dengan baik, benar, dan sesuai dengan kaidah selingkung jurnal ilmiah. memfasilitasi guru-guru SMA NW Pancor, Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat agar dapat membangun jejaring dengan jurnal-jurnal ilmiah, baik nasional maupun internasional.
Metode atau tahapan yang akan digunakan untuk memecahkan permasalahan mitra adalah sebgai berikut, Sosialisasi kepada guru-guru SMA tentang pentingnya menulis artikel ilmiah, Pemberian Materi tentang Tata Cara Menulis artikel ilmiah, Pemberian Materi tentang Kiat dan Strategi Menembus Jurnal Ilmiah, Pelatihan, Pendampingan, dan simulasi menulis artikel ilmiah.
Guru-guru SMA NW Pancor, Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat mengikuti jalannya acara dengan sangat antusias. Antusiasme peserta terlihat dari ketekunan mereka mengikuti materi dari awal hingga akhir dari pelaksanaan pengabdian. Buah dari antusiasme dan ketekunan dalam mengikuti jalannya acara tersebut menghasilkan sebuah pemahaam terkait cara menuis artikel yang baik dan mengetahui cara mempublikasikaanya.
Peningkatan Nilai Tambah Daun Kopi (Coffea Sp) Menjadi Ecoprint di Desa Mento, Kec. Candiroto, Kab. Temanggung
Authors: Suraya Fatona , Sholikhah Nur Mahiyatus , Rahmawati Laily , Rusmawati Syntya Defi , Sagitania Dhita 
Published: March 2022

Pemanfaatan tanaman kopi di desa Mento hanya terfokus pada pengolahan biji kopi sebagai minuman seduh. Daun kopi merupakan salah satu bagian dari tanaman kopi yang belum dimanfaatkan sehingga masih banyak yang terbuang sia-sia dan menjadi limbah organik saja. Upaya memanfaatkan daun kopi untuk dijadikan sebuah produk yang memliki nilai ekonomis adalah melalui pelatihan pembuatan ecoprint dengan pemanfaatan bahan alami dari daun kopi (coffea sp).Teknik ini memanfaatkan tumbuhan sebagai bahan utama dalam pembuatan motif dengan cara memindahkan bentuk dan warna tumbuhan pada kain. Melalui kerja sama dengan ibu-ibu PKK Desa Mento, program pelatihan pembuatan ecoprint yang dilaksanakan oleh KKN ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya ibu-ibu PKK di desa Mento. Tujuan lain dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam memanfaatkan daun kopi menjadi produk yang bernilai jual tinggi. Metode pelaksanaan program adalah dengan pelatihan serta praktek langsung dalam pembuatan ecoprint. Luaran yang dicapai adalah sebuah produk yaitu batik ecoprint dengan motif dari daun kopi dan brosur pembuatan ecoprint serta menambah pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu-ibu PKK.
Ralstonia pickettii bacteremia in a cardiac surgery patient in Belgrade, Serbia
Authors: Jovicevic Milos I. , Unic-Stojanovic Dragana R. , Djukic Slobodanka V. , Brkic Snezana S. , Djokovic Ivana L. , Rankovic-Nicic Ljiljana D. , Tanaskovic Slobodan Z. , Cirkovic Ivana B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Ralstonia pickettii is an opportunistic bacterium found in the water environment with an increasing incidence as a nosocomial pathogen. The objectives of this study were to describe R. pickettii bacteremia in a cardiac surgery patient and to evaluate its ability to grow in a saline solution and to form biofilm. The patient in this study underwent mitral and aortic valve replacement surgery with two aortocoronary bypasses. She developed signs of respiratory and renal failure, therefore hemodialysis was started. After 25 days in an intensive care unit, the patient had recurrent episodes of fever with signs of bacteremia. R. pickettii was identified from blood cultures by MALDI-TOF MS. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods in accordance with EUCAST methodology and results were interpreted following clinical breakpoints for Pseudomonas spp. The isolate was susceptible to all tested antimicrobial agents except aminoglycosides and colistin. Survival of R. pickettii was analyzed in saline solution with four different starting concentrations at 25 °C and 37 °C for six days. Biofilm capacity was tested using the microtiter plate method. R. pickettii showed substantial growth in saline solution, with starting concentration of 2 CFU ml−1 reaching 107 CFU ml−1 after six days. There was no significant difference between growth at 25 °C and 37 °C. This indicates that storage of contaminated solutions at room temperature can enhance the count of R. pickettii. Our strain did not show the capacity to form biofilm. The patient responded well to adequate treatment with ceftazidime, and after 48 days in ICU she was discharged to convalesce.
‘Fake news’ e as contradições da retórica de autolegitimação do Jornalismo em tempos de crise no campo: um caso de paralaxe
Authors: Da Silva Marcos Paulo , Ibanhes Miriam Cristina 
Published: March 2022

O artigo apresenta questões sobre as contradições do recrudescimento da retórica de autolegitimação da prática jornalística com a crise do estatuto histórico da concepção de verdade no contexto de disseminação das chamadas "fake news". Considera-se no artigo a hipótese de que a resposta do campo jornalístico ao fenômeno tem buscado amparo em elementos deontológicos ancorados em uma releitura do “realismo ingênuo” (GOMES, 2009), o que fragiliza o argumento de autolegitimação e aproxima a retórica do campo de uma espécie de paralaxe que projeto luz em elementos estruturais semelhantes ao do fenômeno que combate (as próprias “fake news”), eclipsando a compreensão da complexidade do fenômeno cultural mais amplo: a disseminação social de modelos narrativos respaldados por padrões culturais aderentes pavimentados na vida cotidiana.
Formy zatrudnienia a stres w pracy – badania porównawcze przeprowadzone wśród pracowników banków w Polsce i w Rosji
Authors: Zajdler Kinga , Kaźmierczyk Jerzy 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The main aim of this paper is to assess the relationship between employment forms and occupational stress of bank employees in Poland and Russia.Research Design & Methods: The empirical study was conducted in the years 2016–2019 among bank employees in Poland and Russia. A survey of 2,746 bank employees was used.Findings: The article’s first hypothesis – that in Poland and Russia, bank employees under a contract of employment are less stressed than bank employees based on other forms of employment – was rejected on the basis of the results of the Mann-Whitney test. The test showed that working under an employment contract resulted in a higher level of stress. The second hypothesis – that in Poland and Russia, open-ended bankers are less stressed than fixed-term bankers – was only confirmed by the current form of employment in Russia (subindex 2). More important factors causing a higher level of stress included the number of hours actually worked.Implications / Recommendations: Stress remains one of the most negative work-related factors affecting employee health. Banks should consider different methods of supporting employees and reducing stress.Contribution: The contribution of this study to the literature is its in-depth analysis of the level of stress involved in various types of employment. Until now, no attempt has been made to compare Poland and Russia in this context.
SeisBench—A Toolbox for Machine Learning in Seismology
Authors: Woollam Jack , Münchmeyer Jannes , Tilmann Frederik , Rietbrock Andreas , Lange Dietrich , Bornstein Thomas , Diehl Tobias , Giunchi Carlo , Haslinger Florian , Jozinović Dario , Michelini Alberto , Saul Joachim , Soto Hugo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMachine-learning (ML) methods have seen widespread adoption in seismology in recent years. The ability of these techniques to efficiently infer the statistical properties of large datasets often provides significant improvements over traditional techniques when the number of data are large (millions of examples). With the entire spectrum of seismological tasks, for example, seismic picking and detection, magnitude and source property estimation, ground-motion prediction, hypocenter determination, among others, now incorporating ML approaches, numerous models are emerging as these techniques are further adopted within seismology. To evaluate these algorithms, quality-controlled benchmark datasets that contain representative class distributions are vital. In addition to this, models require implementation through a common framework to facilitate comparison. Accessing these various benchmark datasets for training and implementing the standardization of models is currently a time-consuming process, hindering further advancement of ML techniques within seismology. These development bottlenecks also affect “practitioners” seeking to deploy the latest models on seismic data, without having to necessarily learn entirely new ML frameworks to perform this task. We present SeisBench as a software package to tackle these issues. SeisBench is an open-source framework for deploying ML in seismology—available via GitHub. SeisBench standardizes access to both models and datasets, while also providing a range of common processing and data augmentation operations through the API. Through SeisBench, users can access several seismological ML models and benchmark datasets available in the literature via a single interface. SeisBench is built to be extensible, with community involvement encouraged to expand the package. Having such frameworks available for accessing leading ML models forms an essential tool for seismologists seeking to iterate and apply the next generation of ML techniques to seismic data.