bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis, Characterization, Antiproliferative Activity, and In Silico Studies of Novel Alkyl Ether Derivatives Containing 1H‐1,2,4‐Triazole Ring
Authors: Yilmaz Osman , Capanlar Seval , Akkoc Senem , Alici Hakan , Ozcan Ibrahim , Tahtaci Hakan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, starting from 1H‐1,2,4‐triazole, a new series of aliphatic ether derivatives containing phenyl and 1H‐1,2,4‐triazole groups together were synthesized using reduction and Williamson ether synthesis mechanisms, respectively. The molecular structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR and 13C NMR), mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis techniques. All synthesized compounds were screened against three different human cancer cell lines, including colon, lung, and liver cancer cells. Some of the compounds showed exceptionally high antiproliferative effects against all three cancer cell lines, with IC50 values much lower than the positive control drug bendamustine. In addition, molecular docking studies were performed to support the in vitro results and the interaction types and amino acids that play key roles in the binding of the compounds to enzymes were identified. Finally, the potential of these compounds to be drugs and their drug‐likeness properties were evaluated by absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion‐toxicity (ADMET) calculations and it was determined that the compounds could be drug candidates with the capacity to be effective and safe drugs for use in the treatment of different diseases.
N‐(9‐Oxo‐9H‐thioxanthen‐2‐yl) acrylamide as a Versatile Photoinitiator for Photopolymerization
Authors: Wu Qingqing , Yang Guiqin , Guo Jingdong , Li Fushao , Deng Mingsen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThioxanthone (TX) and its derivatives have broad application prospects for their excellent absorption properties in the near UV range, high hydrogen scavenging capacity and ease of adjusting with LED light source. Herein,N‐(9‐oxo‐9H‐thioxanthen‐2‐yl)acrylamide (TXAM) was designed and synthesized as a LED‐sensitive photoinitiator. TXAM exhibited a maximum absorption band matched with the LED emission spectra (e. g., 385–405 nm). Its properties were investigated via density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experiments. The results suggested that TXAM could efficiently initiate free radical polymerization as a sole‐component photoinitiator upon LED irradiation; Meanwhile, a two‐component system with an iodonium salt could initiate cationic polymerization and free radical/cationic hydric photopolymerization. It also could be used for deep curing system to make the interpenetrated polymer network materials.
Overcoming AZD9291 Resistance and Metastasis of NSCLC via Ferroptosis and Multitarget Interference by Nanocatalytic Sensitizer Plus AHP‐DRI‐12
Authors: Wang Liting , Fu Hao , Song Liwei , Wu Zhihua , Yu Jian , Guo Qianqian , Chen Chuanrong , Yang Xupeng , Zhang Jiali , Wang Quan , Duan Yourong , Yang Yunhai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe acquired resistance to Osimertinib (AZD9291) greatly limits the clinical benefit of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whereas AZD9291‐resistant NSCLCs are prone to metastasis. It's challenging to overcome AZD9291 resistance and suppress metastasis of NSCLC simultaneously. Here, a nanocatalytic sensitizer (VF/S/A@CaP) is proposed to deliver Vitamin c (Vc)–Fe(II), si‐OTUB2, ASO‐MALAT1, resulting in efficient inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis of NSCLC by synergizing with AHP‐DRI‐12, an anti‐hematogenous metastasis inhibitor by blocking the amyloid precursor protein (APP)/death receptor 6 (DR6) interaction designed by our lab. Fe2+ released from Vc–Fe(II) generates cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) through Fenton reaction. Subsequently, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is consumed to sensitize AZD9291‐resistant NSCLCs with high mesenchymal state to ferroptosis due to the glutathione (GSH) depletion caused by Vc/dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) conversion. By screening NSCLC patients’ samples, metastasis‐related targets (OTUB2, LncRNA MALAT1) are confirmed. Accordingly, the dual‐target knockdown plus AHP‐DRI‐12 significantly suppresses the metastasis of AZD9291‐resistant NSCLC. Such modality leads to 91.39% tumor inhibition rate in patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) models. Collectively, this study highlights the vulnerability to ferroptosis of AZD9291‐resistant tumors and confirms the potential of this nanocatalytic‐medicine‐based modality to overcome critical AZD9291 resistance and inhibit metastasis of NSCLC simultaneously.
Comparative analysis of floc characteristics and microbial communities in anoxic and aerobic suspended growth processes
Authors: He Huanqi , Carlson Avery L. , Nielsen Per Halkjær , Zhou Jizhong , Daigger Glen T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA fully anoxic suspended growth process is an appealing alternative to conventional activated sludge (AS) due to considerable aeration reduction and improved carbon processing efficiency for biological nutrient removal (BNR). With development of the hybrid membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) technology, implementation of a fully anoxic suspended growth community in BNR facilities became practical. To better understand potential limitations with the elimination of aeration, we carried out microscopic examination and 16S rRNA gene‐based microbial community profiling to determine how an anoxic suspended growth would differ from the conventional aerobic process in floc characteristics, microbial diversity, microbial temporal dynamics, and community assembly pattern. Fewer filamentous populations were found in the anoxic mixed liquor, suggesting easily sheared flocs. The anoxic microbial community had distinct composition and structure, but its diversity and temporal dynamics were similar to the conventional aerobic community. A variety of well‐studied functional guilds were also identified in the anoxic community. The anoxic microbial community assembly was more stochastic than the conventional aerobic community, but deterministic assembly was still significant with a large core microbiome adapted to the anoxic condition.Practitioner Points

Flocs developed under the anoxic conditions had less filamentous backbones, implying reduced flocculation capacity and easily sheared flocs.
Knowledge about the ecophysiology of Thauera, Thiothrix, and Trichococcus can help achieve good properties of the anoxic flocs.
A diverse microbial community sustainably adapted to the fully anoxic condition, containing a variety of filaments, denitrifiers, and PAOs.
The anoxic microbial community displayed a similar degree of diversity and temporal dynamics compared to the aerobic counterpart.
The anoxic community's assembly was more stochastic, so it may be less subject to changes in environmental variables.
Die Auswirkungen guter Subsidiary Governance auf relevante Resultatgrößen
Authors: Renz Patrick , Böhrer Nikola , Peter Marc K. 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungWas ist der Nutzen guter Subsidiary Governance? Im vorhergehenden Kapitel wurden die sogenannten Inhaltsmodule beschrieben. Diese schaffen – wie im Kap. 2 aufgezeigt – Voraussetzungen für mehrere zentrale Eigenschaften erfolgreicher Unternehmen, nämlich für Wettbewerbsstärke, Innovationsfähigkeit, Nachhaltigkeit, Führung (im Sinne von Führungsstärke), digitale Reife und Umsetzungsexzellenz. Im Subsidiary Governance Modell (vgl. Abb. 2.1) sind dies die sogenannten Resultatmodule. Mit anderen Worten: Die Inhaltsmodule liefern zentrale Grundlagen für die Resultatmodule, weshalb erstere auch Grundlagenmodule genannt werden. In diesem Kapitel werden nun die Resultatmodule vorgestellt und die Verbindungen zu den bisherigen Konzepten aufgezeigt.
Background of the Guangdong–Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin
Authors: Zhou Long , Li Bin , Li Sihong , Lei Ngan Leng , Cheong Kengfong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSince the handover of Macao, its economy has grown rapidly under the success and advantages of the ‘One Country, Two Systems’ policy. However, gaming is the single most crucial income source of Macao’s economy, and the progress of Macao’s economic diversification has been limited by its geographic and demographic limitations. The ‘Outline Development Plan for the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area’ is a national strategic development plan that included Macao as one of the key cities to help develop the Greater Bay Area (GBA) and helped Macao break through its development bottleneck. As the ‘Hengqin Overall Development Plan’ released in 2009, Hengqin has developed rapidly, with increasing population growth which transformed itself from a small town to a developed city with comprehensive infrastructure, high-rise buildings and supporting utilities. Later in 2021, the ‘General Plan for Construction of the Guangdong–Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin’ was released to lay out the foundation and goals of utilising Hengqin to supplement Macao in incorporating into the strategic development of the GBA. Both Hengqin and Macao would benefit mutually via in-depth strategic cooperation at a national level. However, this opportunity also comes with various challenges to overcome.
Influence of working conditions and salary on agency work for intermediate and intensive care units
Authors: Hermes C. , Gaidys U. , Blanck-Köster K. , Rost E. , Petersen-Ewert C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Agency work in nursing is used as a form of labor to counter vacant staff positions in hospitals. Both hospital owners and nurses view this critically for different reasons.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess what personal net income nurses in German intensive care units and intermediate care units consider “fair and sufficient” for their work (addressed in Part 1 of the survey) and what influence—aside from the salary—the working conditions have on the willingness to change to temporary work or back to a permanent position.

Methods
From September to October 2020, an anonymous online survey was conducted among nurses of intermediate care units, intensive care units, and special care units in German-speaking countries. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis.

Result
Of 1203 participants, 86% (n = 1036) could be evaluated. None of the job satisfaction factors queried received four or five stars (maximum five stars) from those participating in the survey. The most unsatisfied group proved to be regularly employed nurses with an additional part-time job. Key job satisfaction factors differed markedly between the groups, with regular employees favoring consistency and stability. Agency workers prefer gaining experience in a broader range of tasks. Unreliable duty rosters and poor nurse to patient ratios were common points of criticism.

Conclusion
For job satisfaction, making nurses feel appreciated and respected is essential. This includes a guaranteed nurse to patient ratio and reliable duty rosters that also include tasks outside direct patient care. In order for nurses to leave agency work, it is necessary to take into account the differences in interests in terms of the focus of activity.
A commentary on Weisberg’s critique of the ‘structural conception’ of chemical bonding
Authors: Scerri Eric R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRobin Hendry has presented an account of two equally valid ways of understanding the nature of chemical bonding, consisting of what the terms the structural and the energetic views respectively. In response, Weisberg has issued a “challenge to the structural view”, thus implying that the energetic view is the more correct of the two conceptions. In doing so Weisberg identifies the delocalization of electrons as the one robust feature that underlies the increasingly accurate quantum mechanical calculations starting with the Heitler-London method and moving on to such approaches as the valence bond and molecular orbital theories of chemical bonding. The present article provides a critical evaluation of Weisberg’s article and concludes that he fails to characterize the nature of chemical bonding in several respects. I claim that Hendry’s structural and energetic views remain as equally viable ways of understanding chemical bonding. Whereas the structural view is more appropriate for chemists, the energetic view is preferable to physicists. Neither view is more correct unless one subscribes to the naively reductionist view of considering that the more physical energetic view is the more correct one.
Conceptual Structuralism
Authors: Ferreirós José 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper defends a conceptualistic version of structuralism as the most convincing way of elaborating a philosophical understanding of structuralism in line with the classical tradition. The argument begins with a revision of the tradition of “conceptual mathematics”, incarnated in key figures of the period 1850 to 1940 like Riemann, Dedekind, Hilbert or Noether, showing how it led to a structuralist methodology. Then the tension between the ‘presuppositionless’ approach of those authors, and the platonism of some recent versions of philosophical structuralism, is presented. In order to resolve this tension, we argue for the idea of ‘logical objects’ as a form of minimalist realism, again in the tradition of classical authors including Peirce and Cassirer, and we introduce the basic tenets of conceptual structuralism. The remainder of the paper is devoted to an open discussion of the assumptions behind conceptual structuralism, and—most importantly—an argument to show how the objectivity of mathematics can be explained from the adopted standpoint. This includes the idea that advanced mathematics builds on hypothetical assumptions (Riemann, Peirce, and others), which is presented and discussed in some detail. Finally, the ensuing notion of objectivity is interpreted as a form of particularly robust intersubjectivity, and it is distinguished from fictional or social ontology.
The role of testosterone, the androgen receptor, and hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal axis in depression in ageing Men
Authors: Hauger Richard L. , Saelzler Ursula G. , Pagadala Meghana S. , Panizzon Matthew S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConsiderable research has shown that testosterone regulates many physiological systems, modulates clinical disorders, and contributes to health outcome. However, studies on the interaction of testosterone levels with depression and the antidepressant effect of testosterone replacement therapy in hypogonadal men with depression have been inconclusive. Current findings indicate that low circulating levels of total testosterone meeting stringent clinical criteria for hypogonadism and testosterone deficiency induced by androgen deprivation therapy are associated with increased risk for depression and current depressive symptoms. The benefits of testosterone replacement therapy in men with major depressive disorder and low testosterone levels in the clinically defined hypogonadal range remain uncertain and require further investigation. Important considerations going forward are that major depressive disorder is a heterogeneous phenotype with depressed individuals differing in inherited polygenic determinants, onset and clinical course, symptom complexes, and comorbidities that contribute to potential multifactorial differences in pathophysiology. Furthermore, polygenic mechanisms are likely to be critical to the biological heterogeneity that influences testosterone-depression interactions. A genetically informed precision medicine approach using genes regulating testosterone levels and androgen receptor sensitivity will likely be essential in gaining critical insight into the role of testosterone in depression.
A Systematic Review of Intervention Programs Promoting Peer Relationships Among Children and Adolescents: Methods and Targets Used in Effective Programs
Authors: Pollak Isabella , Mitic Marija , Birchwood James , Dörfler Sylvia , Krammer Ina , Rogers Jack C. , Schek Esther Judith , Schrank Beate , Stiehl Katharina A. M. , Woodcock Kate Anne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChildren’s peer relationships are crucial for their social-emotional development, mental and physical health. To identify effective strategies to facilitate peer relationships among 8–14-year-olds, a systematic review of intervention programs was conducted. Electronic databases ERIC, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Collection Library and grey literature sources were searched for intervention studies with general or clinical populations published between 2000 and 2020. Interventions had to assess quantity or quality of peer relationships as an outcome measure, thus focusing on helping children to establish more positive relationships or improving their self-reported relationship quality. Sixty-five papers were identified and grouped into universal prevention programs, selective interventions for typically developing children and indicated interventions for children with clinical diagnosis. Prevention programs and interventions for typically developing children facilitated peer relationships by targeting mental wellbeing and self-concepts. Clinical interventions focused on social-emotional skills, symptoms and peer behaviors. Successful programs showed a close alignment of methods and targeted program effects. Practitioners should also be aware of realistic goals for each population. Programs for a general population showed potential to decrease loneliness, whereas clinical populations achieved high increases in play dates, peer acceptance and sociometric status.
Bullying Victimization Due to Racial, Ethnic, Citizenship and/or Religious Status: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sapouna Maria , de Amicis Leyla , Vezzali Loris 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA resurgent climate of nationalism, racism, xenophobia, anti-Semitism, and Islamophobia in many parts of the world has drawn attention to the risk of bullying victimization among racial, ethnic and/or religious minority youth. However, no attempt has yet been made to synthesize the literature on this topic to derive better understanding and guide future prevention and intervention efforts. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on individual, school, family, and community -level factors and outcomes associated with racist bullying victimization. Systematic searches of EBSCOhost, Scopus, ASSIA and Web of Science databases identified 73 articles that included quantitative and qualitative analyses on this topic. Overall, this review found that negative stereotypes and discrimination operating in school and community contexts put racial/ethnic minority, immigrant, and refugee youth at an increased risk of racist bullying victimization. The review also found that racist bullying victimization is associated with a wide range of negative outcomes including poor mental health, lower academic engagement, and an increased risk of involvement in delinquent behaviours, especially among older pupils. The review identified several gaps in the research, including the lack of adequate theorization and the infrequent consideration of potential mediators and moderators. Finally, the review outlined future directions, such as the need to study how intergroup processes influence racist bullying victimization.
Observations of cross scale energy transfer in the inner heliosphere by Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Parashar Tulasi N. , Matthaeus William H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The solar wind, a continuous flow of plasma from the sun, not only shapes the near Earth space environment but also serves as a natural laboratory to study plasma turbulence in conditions that are not achievable in the lab. Starting with the Mariners, for more than five decades, multiple space missions have enabled in-depth studies of solar wind turbulence. Parker Solar Probe (PSP) was launched to explore the origins and evolution of the solar wind. With its state-of-the-art instrumentation and unprecedented close approaches to the sun, PSP is starting a new era of inner heliospheric exploration. In this review we discuss observations of turbulent energy flow across scales in the inner heliosphere as observed by PSP. After providing a quick theoretical overview and a quick recap of turbulence before PSP, we discuss in detail the observations of energy at various scales on its journey from the largest scales to the internal degrees of freedom of the plasma. We conclude with some open ended questions, many of which we hope that PSP will help answer.
What Happens After a Fast Versus Slow Error, and How Does It Relate to Evidence Accumulation?
Authors: Damaso Karlye A. M. , Williams Paul G. , Heathcote Andrew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt has traditionally been assumed that responding after an error is slowed because participants try to improve their accuracy by increasing the amount of evidence required for subsequent decisions. However, recent work suggests a more varied picture of post-error effects, with instances of post-error speeding, and decreases or no change in accuracy. Further, the causal role of errors in these effects has been questioned due to confounds from slow fluctuations in attention caused by factors such as fatigue and boredom. In recognition memory tasks, we investigated both post-error speeding associated with instructions emphasising fast responding and post-error slowing associated with instructions emphasising the accuracy of responding. In order to identify the causes of post-error effects, we fit this data with evidence accumulation models using a method of measuring post-error effects that is robust to confounds from slow fluctuations. When the response-to-stimulus interval between trials was short, there were no post-error effect on accuracy and speeding and slowing were caused by differences in non-decision time (i.e. the time to encode choice stimuli and generate responses). In contrast, when the interval was longer, due to participants providing a confidence rating for their choice, there were also effects on the rate of evidence accumulation and the amount of evidence required for a decision. We discuss the implications of our methods and results for post-error effect research.
No Evidence for Biased Attention Towards Emotional Scenes in Bornean Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus)
Authors: Laméris D. W. , van Berlo E. , Roth T. S. , Kret M. E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAttention may be swiftly and automatically tuned to emotional expressions in social primates, as has been demonstrated in humans, bonobos, and macaques, and with mixed evidence in chimpanzees, where rapid detection of emotional expressions is thought to aid in navigating their social environment. Compared to the other great apes, orangutans are considered semi-solitary, but still form temporary social parties in which sensitivity to others’ emotional expressions may be beneficial. The current study investigated whether implicit emotion-biased attention is also present in orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus). We trained six orangutans on the dot-probe paradigm: an established paradigm used in comparative studies which measures reaction time in response to a probe replacing emotional and neutral stimuli. Emotional stimuli consisted of scenes depicting conspecifics having sex, playing, grooming, yawning, or displaying aggression. These scenes were contrasted with neutral scenes showing conspecifics with a neutral face and body posture. Using Bayesian mixed modeling, we found no evidence for an overall emotion bias in this species. When looking at emotion categories separately, we also did not find substantial biases. We discuss the absence of an implicit attention bias for emotional expressions in orangutans in relation to the existing primate literature, and the methodological limitations of the task. Furthermore, we reconsider the emotional stimuli used in this study and their biological relevance.