bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology entrepreneurship and innovation hubs: Perspectives on the universal regulatory sandbox
Authors: Hemphill Thomas A 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the USA, state governments have long focused on how they can provide an attractive operating environment for enterprises to locate and expand business operations within their respective political jurisdiction. In recent years, however, a new focus of state governments is on nurturing technology entrepreneurship creating long-term organizational success that translates into sustainable local- and state-level economic growth. To this end, there has been an expansion of ‘innovation hubs’ across the country. These innovation hubs are considered local and regional ‘laboratories’ for technology-focused, entrepreneurial businesses to gestate their new products and services within state-level political boundaries. A recently emerging phenomenon has been the development of the ‘regulatory sandbox’ concept as a further enhancement of the public policy operating environment for nurturing technology entrepreneurship, with a further conceptual extension—to the ‘universal regulatory sandbox’—now being legislatively enacted and implemented.
Double screening for syphilis and HIV in pregnant women in a priority municipality for the elimination of vertical transmission in Brazil: incidence, risk factors and spatial analysis
Authors: Fava Lidiane Martins Gonçalves , Guedes Ana Lúcia de Lima , Ribeiro Luiz Cláudio , Pinto Carmen Perches Gomide , Souza e Guimarães Ricardo José de Paula , Nogueira Mário Círio , Alves Márcio José Martins , Silva Márcio Roberto 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
The Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH) recommends double screening (DS) for syphilis and HIV during the first and third trimesters of antenatal care (ANC) to mitigate vertical transmission. We surveyed DS outcomes and their associated factors in a priority Brazilian municipality with &gt;100 000 inhabitants who face challenges for both health problems.

Methods
A total of 399 women were followed up throughout pregnancy using medical records. Spatial and multinomial logistic analyses were performed.

Results
There was an incidence rate of 24.8%, 59.4% and 15.8% for ‘full DS’, ‘partial DS’ and ‘without DS’, respectively. Younger women and those with a history of both prematurity and multiparity were less likely to be in the ‘full DS’ category. There was an overlap of high-density clusters of ‘full DS’ and ‘ANC in better quality basic health units’, adherent to both the Family Health Strategy and the National Program for Access and Quality Improvement in Primary Care.

Conclusions
The poor DS outcomes presented in 75% of the cases were mostly linked to delays in starting ANC appointments or their discontinuity. Thus, the MoH recommendations, accompanied by ongoing training, technical assistance and the periodic evaluation of their implementation, need to effectively reach providers and promote counseling and awareness about the importance of DS for pregnant women.
Gap-Free Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genomes of Ustilaginoidea virens JS60-2, a Fungal Pathogen Causing Rice False Smut
Authors: Wang Yin , Yang Lei , Yang Qun , Dong Jie , Wang Yufu , Duan Yuhang , Yin Weixiao , Zheng Lu , Sun Wenxian , Fan Jing , Luo Chao-Xi , Li Guotian 
Published: December 2022

Rice false smut (RFS), caused by Ustilaginoidea virens, has become a major disease in recent years, and mycotoxins produced by U. virens often threaten food safety. To study fungal pathogenesis and identify potential targets for developing new fungicides, gap-free nuclear and complete mitochondrial genomes of U. virens JS60-2 were sequenced and assembled. Using the second and third generation sequencing data, we assembled a 38.02-Mb genome that consists of seven contigs with the contig N50 being 6.32-Mb. In total, 8,486 protein-coding genes were annotated in the genome, including 21 secondary metabolism gene clusters. We also assembled the complete mitochondrial genome, which is 102,498 bp, with 28% GC content. The JS60-2 genomes assembled in this study will facilitate research on U. virens and contribute to RFS control. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
A Genome Resource for Ciborinia camelliae, the Causal Agent of Camellia Flower Blight
Authors: Valenti Irene , Saracchi Marco , Degradi Luca , Kunova Andrea , Cortesi Paolo , Pasquali Matias 
Published: December 2022

Ciborinia camelliae Kohn is a camellia pathogen belonging to family Sclerotiniaceae, infecting only flowers of camellias. To better understand the virulence mechanism in this species, the draft genome sequence of the Italian strain of C. camelliae was obtained with a hybrid approach, combining Illumina HiSeq paired reads and MinIon Nanopore long-read sequencing. This combination improved significantly the existing National Center for Biotechnology Information reference genome. The assembly contiguity was implemented decreasing the contig number from 2,604 to 49. The N50 contig size increased from 31,803 to 2,726,972 bp and the completeness of assembly increased from 94.5 to 97.3% according to BUSCO analysis. This work is foundational to allow functional analysis of the infection process in this scarcely known floral pathogen. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Family–Educator Partnership in the Development of Entrustable Professional Activities in Complex Care
Authors: Huth Kathleen , Henry Duncan , Cribb Fabersunne Camila , Coleman Cara L. , Frank Brigit , Schumacher Daniel J. , Shah Neha 
Published: December 2022

Problem
Incorporating patient and family voices in the development of entrustable professional activities (EPAs) is not standard practice. Care of children with medical complexity (CMC) is an area of pediatrics that relies on family partnership, and families of CMC are ideal partners in EPA development given their expertise in their child’s care and experience interacting with the health care system. The authors describe their model for partnering with families to develop EPAs and reflect on the unique contributions of family leaders to the process.

Approach
After recruitment of family leaders from a national organization of families and friends of children with special health care needs, the authors used a multistage process for EPA development from June 2019 to February 2021. Family leaders were integrated throughout the process, including creating EPA descriptions, revising content across all EPAs, appraising EPAs through virtual focus groups with other key stakeholders, and finalizing and publishing EPAs. The authors used content analysis to identify recommendations for patient- and family-integrated EPA development.

Outcomes
Family leaders and educators partnered in every phase of developing EPAs for the care of CMC, including as content experts, editors, focus group facilitators, and coauthors. Family leaders recommended substantive changes to all EPAs, including revising language, augmenting content, and modifying scope of practice. In addition, content analysis of family leaders’ revisions yielded 10 recommendations to ensure that written EPA descriptions are patient- and family-centered.

Next Steps
The described process of EPA development for the care of CMC models how families can be integrated into competency framework development and highlights their contributions. Family leader recommendations for embedding patient and family voices in EPA descriptions can serve as a guide for EPA development in other specialties.
Impact of Pediatric Orthopaedic Fellowship Training on Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fracture Treatment and Outcomes: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Bram Joshua T. , DeFrancesco Christopher J. , Pascual-Leone Nicolas , Gross Preston W. , Doyle Shevaun M. , Fabricant Peter D. 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Supracondylar humerus (SCH) fractures are common pediatric injuries, typically requiring closed reduction and percutaneous pinning or open reduction. These injuries are managed frequently by both pediatric-trained (PTOS) and nonpediatric-trained (NTOS) orthopaedic surgeons. However, some literature suggests that complications for pediatric injuries are lower when managed by PTOS. Therefore, this meta-analysis sought to compile existing literature comparing patients treated by PTOS and NTOS to better understand differences in management and clinical outcomes.

Methods:
Using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology, a systematic review was conducted for all articles comparing SCH fractures managed by PTOS and NTOS in 4 online databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane). Study quality was assessed through the use of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were then performed for postoperative outcomes using pooled data from the included studies. Statistics were reported as odds ratios and 95% CI.

Results:
This search strategy yielded 242 unique titles, of which 12 underwent full-text review and 7 met final inclusion. All studies were retrospective and evaluated patients treated in the United States. There were a total of 692 and 769 patients treated by PTOS and NTOS, respectively. PTOS had shorter operative times [mean difference, 13.6 min (CI, −23.9 to −3.4), P=0.01] and less frequently utilized a medial-entry pin [odds ratios, 0.36 (CI, 0.2 to 0.9), P=0.03]. There were no differences in time to treatment, the necessity of open reduction, postoperative Baumann angle, or complications including surgical site infection or iatrogenic nerve injury.

Conclusions:
Despite shorter operative times and lower frequency of cross-pinning when treated by PTOS, pediatric SCH fracture outcomes are similar when treated by PTOS and NTOS. These findings demonstrate that these fractures may possibly be treated safely by both PTOS and experienced fellowship-trained academic NTOS who are comfortable managing these injuries in pediatric patients.

Level of Evidence:
Level III; Meta-analysis.
Outcomes and Safety of Traditional Growing Rod Technique in the Treatment of Early-onset Dystrophic Scoliosis Secondary to Type 1 Neurofibromatosis With Intraspinal Rib Head Dislocation in Children
Authors: Gao Rongxuan , Bai Yunsong , Zhang Xuejun , Cao Jun , Guo Dong , Yao Ziming , Liu Haonan 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcomes and safety of traditional growing rod (TGR) in the treatment of early-onset dystrophic scoliosis secondary to type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1-EOS) with intraspinal rib head dislocation (IRH) in children.

Methods:
From September 2006 to June 2020, 21 patients with NF1-EOS were treated with TGR. The patients comprised 13 boys and 8 girls with a mean age of 7.1±1.5 years. Two patients had IRH-induced nerve injury [American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grade D]. No neurological symptoms were found in the other patients. The intraspinal rib proportion, apical vertebral rotation, apical vertebral translation, coronal main thoracic curve, trunk shift, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sagittal balance, and T1-S1 height were measured before and after TGR implantation and at the last follow-up. Complications were also evaluated.

Results:
The mean follow-up time was 3.4±2.0 years. An average of 3.1 times (range: 1 to 8 times) lengthening procedures were performed in each patient. The intraspinal rib proportion was significantly lower postoperatively than preoperatively (22±11% vs. 33±18%, respectively; P<0.001), and no significant correction loss was found at the last follow-up (24±12%, P=0.364). Compared with the measurements before TGR implantation, the major coronal curve and T1-S1 height after TGR implantation and at the last follow-up were significantly different (P<0.05). Significant correction of apical vertebral translation, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and sagittal balance were noted after TGR implantation, and no significant correction loss was found at the last follow-up (P>0.05). Ten complications occurred in 7 patients. Two patients with nerve injury recovered after the operation. No neurological complications were found during the follow-up.

Conclusions:
TGR is a safe and effective therapy for NF1-EOS with IRH where there was no direct compression of the spinal cord, which was confirmed by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Through this procedure, IRH could be partly removed from the spinal canal.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Office-based Plastic Surgery—Evidence-based Clinical and Administrative Guidelines
Authors: Zhang Kevin K. , Reddy Nihaal , Janis Jeffrey E. 
Published: December 2022

Summary:
Outpatient procedures are extremely prevalent in plastic surgery, with an estimated 82% of cosmetic plastic surgery occurring in this setting. Given that patient safety is paramount, this practical review summarizes major contemporary, evidence-based recommendations regarding office-based plastic surgery. These recommendations not only outline clinical aspects of patient safety guidelines, but administrative, as well, which in combination will provide the reader/practice with a structure and culture that is conducive to the commitment to patient safety. Proper protocols to address potential issues and emergencies that can arise in office-based surgery, and staff familiarity with thereof, are also necessary to be best prepared for such situations.
BACILLARY LAYER DETACHMENT AND ASSOCIATED ABNORMALITIES IN RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT
Authors: Martins Melo Isabela , Bansal Aditya , Lee Wei Wei , Oquendo Paola Lourdes , Hamli Hesham , Muni Rajeev H. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:To describe bacillary layer detachment and related abnormalities of the foveal bouquet in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and assess their impact on photoreceptor recovery and full-thickness macular hole formation, using optical coherence tomography.Methods:Prospective cohort of 93 consecutive patients with fovea-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment presenting to St. Michael's Hospital from January 2020 to April 2022, with gradable preoperative foveal optical coherence tomography.Results:23.7% (22/93) of patients had evidence of bacillary layer detachment and associated abnormalities. The mean fovea-off duration was 6.4 days (±5.6 SD). 86.4% (19/22) had foveal bacillary layer detachment, 15.8% (3/19) of which had cleavage planes extending from the outer nuclear layer into the myoid zone, and 14% (3/22) had an inner lamellar hole with a residual bridge of photoreceptor remnants (all of which progressed to full-thickness macular hole). Among patients with gradable optical coherence tomography at 3 months post-operatively, 80% (12/15) had ellipsoid zone discontinuity, which persisted in 41% (5/12) at 1 year.Conclusion:Bacillary layer detachment was described for the first time in the setting of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. This is hypothesized to occur from horizontal traction secondary to hydration/lateral expansion of the outer retina in the presence of the Müller cell cone scaffold. Bacillary layer detachment may render the fovea susceptible to further injury, possibly representing a pathophysiological basis for full-thickness macular hole formation in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
Indocyanine green angiography guided photocoagulation of large microvascular abnormalities (“TelCaps”) in a patient with persistent macula oedema in the context of radiation retinopathy
Authors: Perrin Elise L , Porter Rowan GB 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
The purpose of this report is to describe a patient with radiation retinopathy who responded to ICGA-guided photocoagulation as treatment for persistent macula oedema secondary to TelCaps, a newly defined type of large microvascular abnormality1,2.

Methods:
Retrospective case report.
Results: A 40-year-old man with a history of bilateral retinoblastoma and right enucleation presented with decreased vision in the left eye secondary to macula oedema. Examination revealed radiation retinopathy with a cluster of ICGA-avid large microaneurysms temporal to the macula. The patient did not respond to treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab or triamciolone. Complete resolution of macula oedema was demonstrated following two rounds of ICGA-guided focal photocoagulation to the aforementioned microaneurysm cluster. No subsequent or adjunctive intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF were required, and there was no recurrence of the TelCaps lesions at follow up to eight years.

Conclusion:
TelCaps are large microvascular abnormalities with high affinity for ICG1,2. These lesions may not have been recognized due to difficulties in their detection on routine examination and with investigations including OCT angiogram and fluorescein angiogram2. Early evidence supports their role in macula oedema that is not responsive to intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF3. ICGA-guided photocoagulation of TelCaps lesions can result in resolution of macula oedema3,4. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of TelCaps secondary to radiation retinopathy.
Arachnoid Granulation Causing Unilateral Pulsatile Tinnitus Treated With Dural Venous Sinus Stenting
Authors: Gadot Ron , Hoang Alex N. , Raper Daniel M.S. , Sweeney Alexander D. , Juliano Mario , Lustrin Elizabeth , Tanweer Omar 
Published: December 2022

Background
Large arachnoid granulations that protrude into dural venous sinuses and partially obstruct outflow are an underappreciated etiology of pulsatile tinnitus (PT). Endovascular dural venous sinus stenting is thought to diminish turbulent venous outflow and may relieve obstruction caused by arachnoid granulations.

Methods
Four patients at two institutions were evaluated for unilateral PT. Magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography revealed moderate-to-severe stenoses from large arachnoid granulations within the implicated transverse sinus. All patients underwent venous manometry and endovascular sinus stenting.

Results
All patients experienced immediate and complete remission of their PT. Stenoses were relieved by a mean of 93% by Warfarin-Aspirin Symptomatic Intracranial Disease criteria. There were no procedural or periprocedural complications. All patients continued to report complete symptom resolution at a mean of 8-month follow-up.

Conclusions
PT from arachnoid granulations are an underappreciated pathomechanism. Endovascular dural venous sinus stenting is an effective intervention for treating unilateral PT secondary to large arachnoid granulation.
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in the Treatment of Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Auditory and Vestibular Outcomes
Authors: Gordis Tamar M. , Shah Sunny R. , Ward Celine , Rizk Habib G. 
Published: December 2022

Objective
To answer the following question: In patients with primary autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED), (population) what impact do disease-modifying antirheumatic agents (DMARDs) (intervention) when compared with no treatment or corticosteroids (comparison) have on auditory and vestibular outcomes (outcome)?

Study Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources
According to PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to March 10, 2022.

Study Selection
Studies of patients receiving DMARDs for the treatment of AIED were selected for review. Case reports, phase I/II trials, studies of patients with secondary AIED, and studies of AIED patients receiving solely corticosteroids were excluded.

Data Extraction
Primary outcomes were pure-tone audiometry and speech discrimination scores at baseline and after DMARD treatment. Secondary outcomes were rates of subjective audiovestibular complaints and rates of adverse reactions. No objective vestibular outcomes underwent meta-analysis.

Data Synthesis
Mean differences were calculated using RevMan 5.4. Heterogeneity was assessed with the Q test and I2 statistic. Pooled prevalence rates of audiovestibular symptoms were expressed as a percentage with 95% confidence intervals.

Results
Ten studies with a total of 187 patients were included. Treatments included methotrexate, etanercept, azathioprine, anakinra, cyclophosphamide, rituximab, and infliximab. Mean treatment duration was 10.8 ± 22.2 months and mean follow-up was 13.7 ± 8.1 months. The pure-tone audiometry and speech discrimination scores mean differences between baseline and post-DMARD were −2.1 [−4.1, −0.1] dB and 13.9 [8.5, 19.4] %, respectively. Seven studies reported 38 adverse events, four of which were classified as serious.

Conclusion
DMARDs showed statistically significant improvement in auditory outcomes, as well as subjective symptoms, with relatively low rates of adverse events. They warrant further exploration to better compare with corticosteroids.
Social Media Depictions of Cochlear Implants: An Instagram and TikTok Analysis
Authors: Rossi Nicholas A. , Devarajan Karthik , Chokshi Shivan N. , Ochoa Vanesa J. , Benavidez Mia , Malaya Lauren T. , Ohlstein Jason F. , Young Dayton L. , McKinnon Brian J. 
Published: December 2022

Objective
To identify populations of authors who post about cochlear implants (CIs) on Instagram and TikTok, to illustrate the content of these posts, and to elucidate factors that might help surgeons better educate CI patients.

Study Design
Qualitative study.

Setting
Instagram and TikTok social media platforms.

Patients
All public social media posts identified with the search terms below. Posts were excluded if unrelated to CIs or if written in a non-English language.

Intervention
Instagram and TikTok were searched for posts from March 2021 through September 2021 with the search terms #cochlearimplant, #cochlearimplants, #cochlearimplantkids, #cochlearkids, and #cochlearfamily.

Main Outcome Measures
Posts were subclassified and analyzed for content including topics of posts, authorship, timeframe of posts, depiction of CIs, and popularity.

Results
Of 1,942 posts included in the final analysis, 1,400 were found on Instagram and 542 on TikTok. Authors were mostly patients (n = 771, 39.7%), companies (n = 568, 29.2%), and patients’ family members (n = 482, 24.8%). Only 21 posts were made by physicians (1.1%). Out of 379 total educational posts examined, patients themselves were the most common authors (n = 219, 57.8%) followed by patients’ family members (n = 139, 36.7%). Physicians authored only a small fraction of all educational posts (n = 19, 5.0%).

Conclusions
This study showed minimal physician involvement in the CI social media spheres of Instagram and TikTok. In addition, there were few educational posts on either platform, revealing ample opportunity for physicians to become more involved with CI social media.