bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic engineering enables Bacillus licheniformis to grow on the marine polysaccharide ulvan
Authors: Dutschei Theresa , Zühlke Marie-Katherin , Welsch Norma , Eisenack Tom , Hilkmann Maximilian , Krull Joris , Stühle Carlo , Brott Stefan , Dürwald Alexandra , Reisky Lukas , Hehemann Jan-Hendrik , Becher Dörte , Schweder Thomas , Bornscheuer Uwe T. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Marine algae are responsible for half of the global primary production, converting carbon dioxide into organic compounds like carbohydrates. Particularly in eutrophic waters, they can grow into massive algal blooms. This polysaccharide rich biomass represents a cheap and abundant renewable carbon source. In nature, the diverse group of polysaccharides is decomposed by highly specialized microbial catabolic systems. We elucidated the complete degradation pathway of the green algae-specific polysaccharide ulvan in previous studies using a toolbox of enzymes discovered in the marine flavobacterium Formosa agariphila and recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli.

Results
In this study we show that ulvan from algal biomass can be used as feedstock for a biotechnological production strain using recombinantly expressed carbohydrate-active enzymes. We demonstrate that Bacillus licheniformis is able to grow on ulvan-derived xylose-containing oligosaccharides. Comparative growth experiments with different ulvan hydrolysates and physiological proteogenomic analyses indicated that analogues of the F. agariphila ulvan lyase and an unsaturated β-glucuronylhydrolase are missing in B. licheniformis. We reveal that the heterologous expression of these two marine enzymes in B. licheniformis enables an efficient conversion of the algal polysaccharide ulvan as carbon and energy source.

Conclusion
Our data demonstrate the physiological capability of the industrially relevant bacterium B. licheniformis to grow on ulvan. We present a metabolic engineering strategy to enable ulvan-based biorefinery processes using this bacterial cell factory. With this study, we provide a stepping stone for the development of future bioprocesses with Bacillus using the abundant marine renewable carbon source ulvan.
Isolation and identification of endophytic actinobacteria from Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad and their antibacterial properties
Authors: Ali Aram R. , Bahrami Yadollah , Kakaei Elham , Mohammadzadeh Sara , Bouk Sasan , Jalilian Nastaran 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAntibiotic resistance poses a major threat to human health globally. Consequently, new antibiotics are desperately required to discover and develop from unexplored habitats to treat life-threatening infections. Microbial natural products (NP) are still remained as primary sources for the discovery of new antibiotics. Endophytic actinobacteria (EA) which are well-known producers of bioactive compounds could provide novel antibiotic against pathogenic bacteria. This research aimed to isolate EA from theCitrullus colocynthisplant and explore the antibacterial properties of their metabolites against pathogenic bacteria.ResultsThe healthy samples were collected, dissected and surface-sterilized before cultured on four different selection media at 28 °C. Six endophytic actinobacteria were isolated fromCitrullus colocynthisplant. They were taxonomically classified into two family namelyStreptomycetaceaeandNocardiopsaceae,based on colony morphological features, scanning electron microscope analysis and molecular identification of isolates. This is the first report on the identification of EA formCitrullus colocynthisand their antibacterial activity. The strains generated a chain of vibrio-comma, cubed or cylindrical shaped spores with indenting or smooth surfaces. Three of those were reported as endophytes for the first time. The strain KUMS-C1 showed 98.55% sequence similarity to its closely related strains which constitutes as a novel species/ strain for which the nameNocardiopsis colocynthissp. was proposed for the isolated strain. Five isolated strains had antagonist activity againstS. aureus,P. aeruginosa, andE. coli. Among those, stain KUMS-C6 showed the broadest spectrum of antibacterial activity against all test bacteria, whereas the strain KUMS-C4 had no antibacterial activity.ConclusionsNPs have a long history of safe and efficient use for development of pharmaceutical products. Our study highlights thatCitrullus colocynthisis an untapped source for the isolation of EA, generating novel and bioactive metabolites by which might lead to discovery of new antibiotic(s). This study reveals the future of new antibiotic developments looks bright against multi-drug resistance diseases by mining under- or unexplored habitats.
Evaluate the immune-related eRNA models and signature score to predict the response to immunotherapy in thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wu Pu , Shi Jinyuan , Wang Zhiyuan , Sun Wei , Zhang Hao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The functional alterations of eRNAs have been reported to be correlated with tumorigenesis. However, the roles of eRNAs in thyroid cancer (THCA) remain still unclear. This study aimed to construct an immune-related eRNA prognostic signature that could effectively predict the survival and prognosis for THCA.

Methods
The Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify THCA-specific immune-related hub genes and immune-related eRNAs were obtained using Pearson correlation analysis. Univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression were conducted to construct an immune-related eRNA prognostic signature in training cohort, and the predictive capability was verified in test cohort and entire cohort. Kaplan–Meier analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and nomogram were used to validate the risk signature. Furthermore, CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE and ssGSEA were analyzed to explore the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of the risk signature, and the response of potential immunotherapeutic were also discussed.

Results
A total of 125 immune-related eRNAs were obtained and 16 immune-related eRNAs were significantly correlated with overall survival (OS). A 9-immune-related eRNA prognostic signature was constructed, and the risk score was identified as an independent predictor. High-risk groups were associated with a poorer OS. Immune microenvironment analysis indicated that low risk score was correlated with higher immuneScore, high immune cell infiltration, and the better response of immunotherapy. Additionally, we also detected 9 immune-related eRNA expression levels in sixty-two matched tumorous and non-tumorous tissues using qRT-PCR analysis.

Conclusion
Our immune-related eRNA risk signature that was an independent prognostic factor was strongly correlated with the immune microenvironment and may be promising for the clinical prediction of prognosis and immunotherapeutic responses in THCA patients.
Promoted CD4+ T cell-derived IFN-γ/IL-10 by photobiomodulation therapy modulates neurogenesis to ameliorate cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 and 3xTg-AD mice
Authors: Wu Xiaolei , Shen Qi , Chang Haocai , Li Junyu , Xing Da 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The immune system has been implicated in synaptic plasticity, inflammation, and the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there were few studies on improving the niche microenvironment of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the brain of AD to promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) by regulating the function of non-parenchymal immune cells.

Methods
The lymph nodes of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) and 3xTg (APP/PS1/tau) mouse models of AD were treated with photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) for 10 J/cm2 per day for 1 month (10 min for each day), T lymphocytes isolated from these two AD models were treated with PBMT for 2 J/cm2 (5 min for each time). The NSCs isolated from hippocampus of these two AD models at E14, and the cells were co-cultivated with PBMT-treated T lymphocyte conditioned medium for NSCs differentiation.

Results
Our results showed that PBMT treatment could promote AHN and reverse cognitive deficits in AD mouse model. The expression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) was upregulated in the brain of these two AD models after PBMT treated, which was induced by the activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-mediated signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4)/STAT5 signaling pathway in CD4+ T cells. In addition, elevated CD4+ T cell levels and upregulated transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1)/insulin-like growth factors-1 (IGF-1)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein expression levels were also detected in the brain. More importantly, co-cultivated the PBMT-treated T lymphocyte conditioned medium with NSCs derived from these two AD models was shown to promote NSCs differentiation, which was reflected in the upregulation of both neuronal class-III β-tubulin (Tuj1) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), but the effects of PBMT was blocked by reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger or JAK2 inhibitor.

Conclusion
Our research suggests that PBMT exerts a beneficial neurogenesis modulatory effect through activating the JAK2/STAT4/STAT5 signaling pathway to promote the expression of IFN-γ/IL-10 in non-parenchymal CD4+ T cells, induction of improvement of brain microenvironmental conditions and alleviation of cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 and 3xTg-AD mouse models.
Exposure to conflict and child health outcomes: evidence from a large multi-country study
Authors: Goli Srinivas , Mavisakalyan Astghik , Rammohan Anu , Vu Loan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research has consistently found evidence of poor health outcomes among children living in conflict areas. However, the methodological focus of these studies has largely been on case studies, chart or registry reviews, qualitative studies, and single country studies. This reflects the need for a comprehensive multi-country analysis of the associations between conflicts and child health over a longer period. This study analyses the adverse impact of exposure to different types of conflicts from in utero to five years of age, on several child health measures across a large group of countries. Our analysis pools data from multiple countries and time-points, to provide robust evidence on the relationship between conflict and child health.MethodsGeo-referenced data on various forms of conflict are combined with theDemographic Health Surveydataset, to construct a large unique database of 590,488 pre-school age children across 52 developing countries over the period 1997 to 2018. Our analysis exploits the within-country differences in children’s exposure to conflict from in utero to age five, to estimate its association with health outcomes. Our multivariate regression models estimate the links between conflict exposure and child health outcomes, measured using child nutrition outcomes (height-for-age and weight-for-age z-scores) and immunization status.Results and conclusionsEmpirical estimates show that even after controlling for a large array of socio-economic and demographic characteristics and location fixed effects, conflict exposure is negatively associated with child nutrition and immunization, across all our measures of conflict. These findings are robust across a range of specifications, alternative measures of conflict and sub-samples.
Engineering sigma factors and chaperones for enhanced heterologous lipoxygenase production in Escherichia coli
Authors: Pang Cuiping , Zhang Guoqiang , Liu Song , Zhou Jingwen , Li Jianghua , Du Guocheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Lipoxygenase (EC. 1.13.11.12, LOX) can catalyze the addition of oxygen into polyunsaturated fatty acids to produce hydroperoxides, which are widely used in the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. In recent years, the heterologous production of LOX by Escherichia coli has attracted extensive attention. However, overexpressed recombinant LOX in E. coli aggregates and forms insoluble inclusion bodies owing to protein misfolding.

Results
In this study, a split green fluorescent protein-based screening method was developed to screen sigma (σ) factors and molecular chaperones for soluble LOX expression. Three mutant libraries of Skp, GroES, and RpoH was analyzed using the high-throughput screening method developed herein, and a series of mutants with significantly higher yield of soluble heterologous LOX were obtained. The soluble expression level of LOX in the isolated mutants increased by 4.2- to 5.3-fold. Further, the highest LOX activity (up to 6240 ± 269 U·g-DCW−1) was observed in E. coli REopt, with the regulatory factor mutants, RpoH and GroES. Based on RNA-Seq analysis of the selected strains, E. coli Eopt, E. coli Sopt, E. coli Ropt, and wild type, amino acid substitutions in σ factors and molecular chaperones regulated the expression level of genes related to gene replication, recombination, and repair. Furthermore, the regulatory factor mutants were identified to be beneficial to the soluble expression of two other heterologous proteins, amylase and bone morphological protein 12.

Conclusion
In this study, a high-throughput screening method was developed for improved soluble LOX expression. The obtained positive mutants of the regulatory factor were analyzed and employed for the expression of other heterologous proteins, thus providing a potential solution for the inclusion-body protein.
Financial structure, cycle, and instability
Authors: Ninomiya Kenshiro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe subprime loan mortgage crisis has revived scholarly interest in Minsky’s financial instability hypothesis. The related mathematical models present two types of Minskian financial structures. We construct macrodynamic models that consider both structures and discuss financial instability and cycles. We also demonstrate that one of the financial cycles occurs when a real factor stabilizes the economy. The burden of interest-bearing debt is an important determinant of the cycle. We posit that the escalating financial fragility in this cycle is a more appropriate interpretation of the Minskian financial structure that refers to hedging, speculative and Ponzi behaviors. We further demonstrate that another financial structure destabilizes the economy. If the instability occurs at the point of fragility, then the economy may deteriorate into financial crisis. Fragility then becomes instability.
Unraveling the structures, functions and mechanisms of epithelial membrane protein family in human cancers
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zhu Hong‑Ping , Huang Wei , Wen Xiang , Xie Xin , Jiang Xian , Peng Cheng , Han Bo , He Gu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPeripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) and epithelial membrane proteins (EMP-1, -2, and -3) belong to a small hydrophobic membrane protein subfamily, with four transmembrane structures. PMP22 and EMPs are widely expressed in various tissues and play important roles in cell growth, differentiation, programmed cell death, and metastasis. PMP22 presents its highest expression in the peripheral nerve and participates in normal physiological and pathological processes of the peripheral nervous system. The progress of molecular genetics has shown that the genetic changes of the PMP22 gene, including duplication, deletion, and point mutation, are behind various hereditary peripheral neuropathies. EMPs have different expression patterns in diverse tissues and are closely related to the risk of malignant tumor progression. In this review, we focus on the four members in this protein family which are related to disease pathogenesis and discuss gene mutations and post-translational modification of them. Further research into the interactions between structural alterations and function of PMP22 and EMPs will help understand their normal physiological function and role in diseases and might contribute to developing novel therapeutic tools.
Frequency, breed predispositions and other demographic risk factors for diagnosis of hypothyroidism in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK
Authors: O’Neill Dan G. , Khoo Janine Su Pheng , Brodbelt Dave C. , Church David B. , Pegram Camilla , Geddes Rebecca F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundHypothyroidism is a commonly diagnosed endocrinopathy in dogs. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and risk factors for diagnosis of hypothyroidism in UK primary-care practice. Dogs diagnosed with hypothyroidism were identified by searching electronic patient records of primary-care practices participating in VetCompass. A cohort study design estimated one-year (2016) period prevalence and incidence risk for hypothyroidism. Multivariable binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between demographic risk factors and hypothyroidism.ResultsFrom 905,553 dogs, 2,105 dogs were recorded with diagnosed hypothyroidism in 2016; 359 incident and 1,746 pre-existing, giving an annual prevalence of 0.23% (95% CI 0.22–0.24) and annual incidence risk of 0.04% (95% CI 0.04–0.04). Multivariable logistic regression identified 24 predisposed and nine protected breeds. Standard Doberman pinscher (odds ratio [OR] = 17.02, 95% CI 12.8–22.64), Tibetan terrier (11.25, 95% CI 8.27–15.32) and boxer (10.44, 95% CI 8.66–12.58) breeds showed high predisposition. Pug (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09–0.89), Yorkshire terrier (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.24–0.59), Shih-tzu (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.23–0.64) and Jack Russell terrier (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.29–0.54) were the most protected breeds. Overall, being a purebred dog, being insured, having bodyweight above the breed-sex mean, increasing age, being neutered and rising adult bodyweight also showed increased odds being a dog living with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism.ConclusionsSeveral strong breed predispositions for diagnosis of hypothyroidism were identified that can assist with disorder prioritisation in ongoing efforts to improve breed health. Other risk factors were also identified that can assist veterinary surgeons during clinical work-up of suspected cases. Identification of novel evidence for protected breeds provides useful information for research into genetic mechanisms.
Perioperative patient positioning following scalp tumor surgery: an anesthetic challenge
Authors: Kumar Rajnish , Sahay Nishant , Naaz Shagufta , Haq Ansarul , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Spindle cell tumors of the scalp are notorious for their potential to present with torrential life-threatening bleeds during surgery and in the postoperative period. We present the successful management of one such case.

Case presentation
A 54-year-old male was operated on for a huge spindle cell tumor of the scalp located in the occipital area. During surgery, blood loss of 2 l was replaced with crystalloids, colloids, and packed red cells. However, during the change of position from prone to supine immediately after surgery, the patient developed sudden and torrential bleeding from the surgical site, leading to asystole and cardiac arrest. The patient was revived and put on postoperative ventilatory support for 1 day in the intensive care unit. He could be discharged successfully without sequelae.

Conclusions
Positioning after surgery of a vascular tumor of the scalp should be gentle, slow, and monitored. Sudden movements predispose patients to secondary hemorrhage, which in scalp tumors could be torrential and life-threatening.
Recommendations for evaluation and diagnosis of extra-glandular manifestations of primary Sjögren syndrome: results of an epidemiologic systematic review/meta-analysis and a consensus guideline from the Brazilian society of rheumatology (hepatic, gastrointestinal and pancreatic)
Authors: Trevisani Virginia Fernandes Moça , Pinheiro Aysa César , de Magalhães Souza Fialho Sonia Cristina , Fernandes Marilena Leal Mesquita Silvestre , Pugliesi Alisson , Pasoto Sandra Gofinet , Lopes Maria Lucia Lemos , Guedes Lissiane Karine Noronha , Miyamoto Samira Tatiyama , dos Santos Laura Caldas , Appenzeller Simone , Fidelix Tania , Ribeiro Sandra Lúcia Euzébio , de Brito Danielle Christinne Soares Egypto , Libório-Kimura Tatiana Nayara , Santos Maria Carmen Lopes Ferreira Silva , Cantali Diego Ustárroz , Gennari Juliana D.’Agostino , Capobianco Karina Gatz , Civile Vinicius Tassoni , Pinto Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes , da Rocha Aline Pereira , Rocha-Filho César Ramos , Oliveira Fabiola Reis , Valim Valeria 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSjogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands and other organs, associated with sicca syndrome but also with systemic involvement with varying degrees of severity. Despite their importance, some systemic manifestations, mainly liver, gastrointestinal, and pancreatic are not routinely evaluated. To address these manifestations, the Sjögren's Syndrome Committee of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology conducted a broad systematic review of the literature on studies investigating prevalence and diagnosis of these symptoms in Sjogren´s patients and made recommendations based on the findings. Agreement between the experts was achieved using the Delphi method. This is the second part of this guideline, providing 6 recommendations for liver, gastrointestinal, and pancreatic care of SS patients.
Combatting Fusarium head blight: advances in molecular interactions between Fusarium graminearum and wheat
Authors: Xu Ming , Wang Qinhu , Wang Guanghui , Zhang Xue , Liu Huiquan , Jiang Cong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFusarium head blight (FHB), mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum, is one of the most devastating diseases in wheat and barley worldwide. In addition to causing severe yield losses, F. graminearum produces deoxynivalenol (DON), a trichothecene mycotoxin which is harmful to human health and serves as an important virulence factor. Currently, changes in global climate and tillage systems have made FHB epidemics more frequent and severe. During the past decade, considerable efforts have been deployed to reveal the pathogenic mechanisms of F. graminearum, identify resistance genes in wheat, and breed FHB-resistant varieties. In this review, we highlight recent advances in FHB pathogenesis, F. graminearum-wheat interaction, and wheat defense mechanisms. This review contains four main sections: (1) signal sensing and transduction associated with the pathogenesis of F. graminearum; (2) regulation and functions of DON during wheat infection; (3) roles of F. graminearum-secreted enzymes and effectors in facilitating pathogen infection of wheat; (4) wheat components involved in interactions with F. graminearum. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular interactions between F. graminearum and wheat will contribute to the development of novel and efficient strategies for controlling FHB.