bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The transition dynamics and force constants of energy bearing warped space mediator structures
Authors: Koehler Dale. R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
It is shown in the present work that the distorted-space model of matter can describe conventional force-constants and transition-mediator structures. We use the verbiage “distorted” to communicate the concept of “energetic warping” to distinguish “spatial warping” from “classical matter warping”, although the concept of “matter” is in fact, in the present context, the “geometric distortion energy” of the spatial manifold itself without a classical “matter stressenergy source”. The “distorted-geometry” structures exhibit non-Newtonian features wherein the hole or core-region fields of the structures are energetically-repulsive (negative pressure), do not behave functionally in an r -4 manner and terminate at zero at the radial origin (no singularity). Near the core of the distortion the magnetic fields dominate the energy-densities of the structures thereby departing from classical particle-structure descriptions. Black-body radiation-emission and structural modeling lead to a description of transition dynamics and photonic entities.
Knowledge Management and Improvement in Library Services at FBC Library: A Statistical Approach
Authors: Lahai Prince 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to statistically examine the way knowledge are managed at Fourah Bay College in the improvement of library services, with the aims of identifying the types of knowledge managed; facilities, equipment, and supplies; policies used to manage the knowledge; knowledge management acquisition skills; relevancy and challenges to managing knowledge at FBC library. The study was informed by the triangulation of the staff and knowledge Continuum Theories which filled the gap of Robertson and Brun(2021) who considered computer as explicit knowledge. This current study indicated knowledge resided in computer as an implicit knowledge. Data used for analysis were drawn from thirty-three(33) participants from six sections with the use of questionnaires, personal interviews and personal observations. A total of 33 questionnaires were returned in their complete forms and used for the analysis. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were performed by using SPSS version(16.0) to ascertain the relevance of managing knowledge at FBC library in enhancing efficient and effective service delivery. For inferential statistics both ANOVA and Chi-square hypotheses testing were used to test the variables. The key findings of the research revealed that FBC library manages the different types of knowledge but the policies governing the management of knowledge are not popularised to staff to understand about the relevance of the management of knowledge at FBC library. For the ANOVA hypothesis testing, it revealed that the means of the variables are not statistically different, while the chi-square revealed that there is a statistical variance between the means of the variables. However, provision was made for further research to be done in order to complement this current research.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on physical activity and psychological characteristics of the Iranian people
Authors: Saemi Esmaeel , Nobari Hadi , Badicu Georgian , Ghazizadeh Habibollah , Pashabadi Ali , Imani Fatemeh , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Silva Ana Filipa , Afrash Sana 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on physical activity behaviours, as well as on mental health indicators among Iranian people.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 335 participants were included (155 males, mean age = 30.06 ± 14.58 years). The eligibility criteria for this study were as follows; 1- Having at least 10 years of age. 2- Having a minimum literacy rate 3- Ability to work with networks of smart communication devices such as smartphones and computers 4- Living in Iran for the past 5 years. Participants were selected through the convenience sampling and filled out an online questionnaire measuring physical activity behaviours (The International Physical Activity Questionnaire; IPAQ; Short Form) and two mental health indicators – self-esteem (Rosenberg self-esteem scale) and social physical anxiety (7-items social physique anxiety scale).
Results
The results of Wilcoxon test showed that participants reported significant differences from before to during the pandemic in all three variables of physical activity (significant decreases), self-esteem (significant decreases), and social physical anxiety (significant increases). This difference was found, regardless of participants’ gender. The results of Spearman correlation test between changes in physical activity and changes in mental health indicators showed that COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted self-esteem and social physical anxiety. However, we have not found any significant association of physical activity’s change with social physical anxiety or self-esteem’s changes before and during the pandemic.
Conclusions
In sum, the findings of the present study indicate a detrimental effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical activity and mental health among Iranian’s people. Public policies aiming to buffer the negative impact on COVID-19 Iranians’ health are urgently needed.
Study on filling material strength and dam failure characteristics of loess dam
Authors: Chen Nengyuan , Zhao Danni , Wu Xiong , xu jiangbo , Nan Yalin , Niu Ligang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Due to the special material of the loess, it is characterized by large pores and collapsibility. When the water content is low, the strength is high. However, as the water level increases after the loess dam, the soil inside the dam is continuously wetted by water. The moisture content gradually increases, some characteristics of the soil change, and the control of the dry density during construction also affects the soil properties. In this paper, the filling materials of a loess dam in Ansai, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province were selected as the research object which is ML in the USCS classification of Loess. The effects of confining pressure, water content, and dry density on the failure characteristics and strength characteristics of unsaturated remolded loess were investigated by triaxial apparatus, while prepared soil samples at a particular water content and perform the CU(Consolidated Undrain) tests. It is found that the remolded loess samples under the conditions of low confining pressure, low water content, and high dry density show brittle failure, and obvious shear planes are formed. The stress-strain curve shows a strong strain-softening type and exhibits shear dilatancy characteristics. The unsaturated remolded loess under high confining pressure, high water content, and low dry density exhibits plastic failure and strain hardened, showing shear shrinkage phenomenon. The shear strength index of unsaturated remolded loess is affected by factors such as water content and dry density. When the dry density is kept constant, the cohesive force will decrease with the increase of water content, while the internal friction angle will decrease with the increase of water content at the lower dry density. With a dry density of 1.7g/cm 3 , the interaction between soil particles, pores and water film causes the internal friction angle to increase first, then decrease and then increase. When the water content is constant, the cohesion force will increase with the increase of dry density, and the internal friction angle will increase with the increase of dry density. Then, FLAC3D was used to conduct a numerical simulation of loess stacked dam, and it was found that with the rise of water level, the slope shear outlet of the dam with three damages gradually moved up, and the landslide volume gradually decreased, which was consistent with the on-site damage phenomenon.
Biliary reflux post hepaticojejunostomy (Sump syndrome) diagnosed using Microvascular flow imaging (MVI) - A Case Report
Authors: Sait Saif , Benger Matthew , Yusuf Gibran Timothy , Sidhu Paul Singh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Microvascular flow imaging (MVI) is a novel technique which provides detailed visualisation of flow in small vessels and structures and has a sensitivity comparable to contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The application of MVI has developed in several different areas including improved characterisation of liver lesions, breast masses, thyroid nodules, and musculoskeletal disorders. MVI is based on detecting movement rather than vascularity. We report a case of biliary reflux following Roux en Y hepaticojejunostomy (Sump syndrome) where MVI provided a detailed assessment of movement of fluid
Deefgea salmonis sp. nov., isolated from gills of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Chen Mei-Qun , Tian Yun , Zhang Chi , Zhou Jian-She , Tashi Lhamo , Wang Wan-Liang , pan hu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, milky-white, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium named strain H3-26T was isolated from gills of Oncorhynchus mykiss in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, PR China. Strain H3-26T grew at 4–30℃ and pH 5.0–11.0 (optimum, 25℃ and pH 7.0) with 0–1% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0%). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain H3-26T showed the highest similarity to Deefgea rivuli WB 3.4-79T (98.42%), followed by Deefgea chitinilytica Nsw-4T (96.91%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA genes indicated that strain H3-26T was a new member of the genus Deefgea. The digital DNA-DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values between the genome sequence of strain H3-26T and related strains were 21.20-21.90% and 76.29-77.43%, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain H3-26T was 48.29%. The predominant fatty acids were C12:0, C14:0, C16:0 and C16:1 ω7c. Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic, and genotypic datas, strain H3-26T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Deefgea, for which the name Deefgea salmonis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H3-26T (=JCM 35050T=CICC 25103T).
Low potassium disrupt intestinal barrier and result in bacterial translocation
Authors: Wu Haishan , Huang Rong , Fan Jinjin , Luo Ning , Yang Xiao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Bacterial translocation was observed in critical illness and patients with chronic diseases such as liver cirrhosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hypokalemia is a common complication in these diseases. Whether low potassium may increase intestinal permeability and result in bacterial translocation lack of evidence. The present study was aimed to investigate the potential effects of LK on intestinal permeability. Methods: Grade 8-week-old male Bal B/C mice were randomly placed either on a normal potassium (NK) mouse chow or a low potassium (LK) diet for 28 days. Intestinal permeability and expression of tight junction proteins were compared between the two groups.Results: Compared with the NK group, the mice in LK group had significantly lower serum potassium level, increased levels of plasmas endotoxin and plasma D-lactate. The bacterial translocation was higher and in occurred mainly in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and spleen. The pathologic change of small intestine was obvious with thinner villus lamina propria, shorter crypt depth and thinner intestinal wall. Slight increases in the expression of proteins and mRNA levels of both claudin-1 and claudin-2 were observed in LK group. Conclusions: low potassium could increase intestinal permeability and thereby lead to bacterial translocation, which was suspected to result from impaired intestinal epithelial barrier and biological barrier.
The effect of negative life events on longitudinal change of surface anatomy
Authors: Li Xinyi , Zhou Zheyi , Ren Zhiting , Shi Manqing , Han Yurong , Qiu Jiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Life events during adolescence are a crucial stressor in human lifeand play a pivotal role in inividuals’ mental health. Although a growing number of researches have made an encouraging progress in understanding the behavioral architecture of life events, the longitudinal study to investigate the brain structures changes underlying life eventsremains unclear. We aimed to explore the neural substrate underlying life events and investigate the impact of life events on individual differences in human adolescent brain development. We used structural magnetic resonance imaging scans from 734 college students (mean age=19.49), including 443 participants from whom two scan time points (interval time: 699.03 days; range: 203-1268 days; SD=246.99 days) were collected. We measured the life events by using the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC). We found that a) grey matter volume (GMV) in the right middle temporal gyrus (MTG) was associated with ASLEC total scores and b) volume delta in the right MTG between two brain scan time points were significantly negatively correlated with ASLEC total scores. The negative life events not only promoted the advance maturation in MTG, but also induce the abnormal deceleration of the MTG growth according to the lifespan development with inverted-U shape.
Integration of plasmonic AgPd alloy nanoparticles with single-layer graphitic carbon nitride as Mott-Schottky junction toward Photo-promoted H2 evolution
Authors: Gholipour Behnam , Zonouzi Afsaneh , Shokouhimehr Mohammadreza , Rostamnia Sadegh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Plasmonic AgPd alloy nanoparticles (AgPdNPs) decorated on single-layer carbon nitride (AgPdNPs/SLCN) for the designing of Mott-Schottky junction were constructed with the ultrasonically assisted hydrothermal method and used toward photoevolution H2 from formic acid (FA) at near room temperature (30 oC). The Pd atom contains active sites that are synergistically boosted by the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of Ag atoms, leading to considerably enhanced photocatalytic properties. The photoactive AgPdNPs/SLCN obtained supreme catalytic activity to produce 50 mL of gas (H2 + CO2) with the initial turnover frequency of 224 h− 1 under light irradiation. The catalyst showed stable catalytic performance during successive cycles.
Transcriptome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility genes for degenerative cervical spondylosis
Authors: Xu Jiawen , Zhang Shaoyun , Si Haibo , Zeng Yi , Wu Yuangang , Shen Bin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
Degenerative cervical spondylosis (DCS) is a common musculoskeletal disease that encompasses a wide range of progressive degenerative changes and affects all the components of the cervical spine. DCS has brought a huge social and economic burdens to society. However, the genetic basis of DCS remains elusive now.
Methods
Firstly, by integrating the gene-expression prediction models of whole blood and skeletal muscle and genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of DCS (including 3739 DCS patients and 382326 controls), we conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) to evaluate the associations of genetically predicted gene-expression with DCS risk using Functional Summary-based Imputation (FUSION) software. Secondly, to validate the genes identified by TWAS analysis, these genes were further compared with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) detected by the RNA expression profiles of DCS acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO, accession number: GSE153761). Thirdly, we used Functional Mapping and Annotation of Genome-wide Association Study (FUMA) and Metascape tools to conduct gene functional enrichment and annotation analysis.
Results
TWAS identified 420 significant genes for DCS with a P value < 0.05 in the skeletal muscle, such as RPS15A (PTWAS = 0.0003), and 110 genes in the whole blood, such as SELL (PTWAS = 0.0028). After comparing with RNA expression profiling of DCS, we identified 12 common genes, such as APLNR (PTWAS = 0.0013, PDEG = 0.0254). We identified 148 GO terms enriched for DCS, such as mast cell degranulation (GO:0043303). We also identified 15 KEGG pathways enriched for DCS, such as sphingolipid signaling pathway (ko04071). By integrating the enrichment results of TWAS analysis and RNA expression profile, 9 common terms were identified such as Degradation of the extracellular matrix (R-HSA-1474228).
Conclusion
Our results identified putative susceptibility genes for DCS, providing new insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying DCS development.
A hands-free stool sampling system for monitoring intestinal health and disease
Authors: Grego Sonia , Welling Claire M. , Miller Graham H. , Coggan Peter F. , Sellgren Katelyn L. , Hawkins Brian T. , Ginsburg Geoffrey S. , Ruiz Jose R. , Fisher Deborah A. , Stoner Brian R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Analysis of stool offers simple, non-invasive monitoring for many gastrointestinal (GI) diseases and access to the gut microbiome, however adherence to stool sampling protocols remains a major challenge because of the prevalent dislike of handling one’s feces. We present a technology that enables individual stool specimen collection from toilet wastewater for fecal protein and molecular assay.Human stool specimens and a benchtop test platform integrated with a commercial toilet were used to demonstrate reliable specimen collection over a wide range of stool consistencies by solid/liquid separation followed by spray-erosion. The obtained fecal suspensions were used to perform occult blood tests for GI cancer screening and for microbiome 16sRNA analysis. Using occult blood home test kits, we found overall 90% agreement with standard sampling, 96% sensitivity and 86% specificity. Microbiome analysis revealed no significant difference in within-sample species diversity compared to standard sampling and specimen cross-contamination was below the detection limit of the assay. Furthermore, we report on the use of an analogue turbidity sensor to assess in real time loose stools for tracking of diarrhea. Implementation of this technology in residential settings will improve the quality of GI healthcare by facilitating increased adherence to routine stool monitoring.
Governance Perspective for Climate Change Adaptation: Conceptualizing Policy-Community Interface in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossen M. , Netherton Corinna , Rahman Mohammad Rezaur , Salehin Mashfiqus Mashfiqus 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Climate change adaptation is currently an important community concern in the developing countries like Bangladesh. The conceptualization of adaptation in the government system matters to develop its canon in promoting activities such as employment generation important for local communities. The lesser the gap between government policy and the local community’s needs for adaptation results in more effective outcomes to ensure policy success and to promote sustainable community livelihood or vice versa. This interface between policy and community is important for climate change adaptation which is explored in this paper along with the findings of the research project, DEltas, vulnerability and climate change: Migration and Adaptation (DECCMA) conducted during 2014–2018 in Bangladesh, Ghana, India, and the United Kingdom. The data from Bangladesh was collected from 1,384 survey respondents, 19 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), 3 workshops, and 43 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). The findings of the paper argue that the adaptation activities mainly focus on the perspective of the Reactive Approach of Limited Action (RALA) rather than the Proactive Approach To Adaptation (PATA). RALA perspective has been characterized by the two major factors: piecemeal and top-down approach in adaptation perspective which fails to recognize the community conceptualization of climate change, policy perspectives in coping with local concerns, and governance approaches for effective adaptation. The government needs to focus on the PATA in policy, programs, and projects with the governance approach from the bottom-up or, in other words, from the local perspective. Community participation in decision-making processes is characteristic of the bottom-up governance model. One good example of bottom-up or community participatory decision-making is Indigenous governance systems in Canada. Local community participation, consultation, and representation are essential parts of PATA in adaptation policy formulating and execution.
SHA.LIN Renal Stone Scoring System for Predicting Stone Free Status and Postoperative Outcomes after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Authors: Zeng Kai , Wang Tao , Wang Shaogang , Ye Zhangqun , Zeng Xiaoyong , Liu Jihong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: To introduce a novel renal stone scoring system (SHA.LIN) for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and compare the predictive power of SHA.LIN, Guy’s, and S.T.O.N.E. scoring systems for postoperative outcomes.Methods: Six reproducible parameters available from preoperative computed tomography were measured: stone burden (S), hydronephrosis (H), anatomic distribution (A), length of tract (L), indicator of CT (I), and number of involved calics (N). We retrospectively reviewed data of patients who underwent PCNL from May 2018 to January 2021. SHA.LIN, S.T.O.N.E. and Guy’s scores correlation with stone free-status (SFS), Hemoglobin change, estimated blood loss (EBL), operation time (OT), and postoperative hospitalization time (PHT) was evaluated using standard statistical methods.Results: The overall SFS was 69.7% (248/356), and complications occurred in 110 (30.9%). In patients with stone-free group vs. non stone-free group, the median (IQR) of Guy’s score was 2 (1-2) and 3 (2-3), S.T.O.N.E. score was 6 (6-8) and 8 (7-9.5), and SHA.LIN score was 7 (7-9) and 11 (10-12.5), respectively (each p <0.001). Regression analysis showed that three scoring systems were significantly associated with SFS and OT. None of them was significantly correlated with PHT. EBL and hemoglobin change were found significantly correlated with SHA.LIN. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves showed three scoring systems had comparable predictive accuracy for SFS and complications, with SHA.LIN having highest Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) value (0.852 and 0.774). ROC analysis area AUC demonstrated more accurate prediction of EBL based on the SHA.LIN (0.807) than the other two scoring systems.Conclusion：SHA.LIN scoring system can accurately predict postoperative outcomes of PCNL and can be used as an adjuvant tool for surgical planning. Three scoring systems are well associated with SFS and OT and in addition, SHA.LIN is also significantly associated with surgical bleeding risk.