bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avances en las formulaciones de los antisépticos
Authors: González Rodríguez María Luisa , Calle-Moriel Alberto 
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Revisar nuevas formulaciones antisépticas que minimicen los inconvenientes de las formulaciones convencionales y mejoren la efectividad los tratamientos actualmente usados.
Metodología: Se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos científicas, como Pubmed o Sciencedirect, entre otras, así como en artículos de revistas científicas, libros, tesis doctorales y páginas webs oficiales siguiendo siempre criterios de inclusión y exclusión previamente establecidos. Una vez seleccionados los artículos de interés mediante palabras clave, se procedió a la organización de los contenidos de la revisión.
Resultados: Las formulaciones convencionales usadas en antisepsia presentan algunas limitaciones, como la formación de biopelículas por Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a meticilina (MRSA), la necesidad de conseguir un efecto más prolongado en el tiempo y la potenciación de la actividad microbiana debido a la resistencia a antisépticos, entre otros. Por este motivo, existen diversas líneas de investigación que intentan contrarrestar estas barreras mediante el diseño de nuevas formulaciones, como los sistemas de administración autoemulsionables de fármacos (SEDDS), sistemas formadores de película o usando la nanotecnología en forma de micelas cargadas con antisépticos, nanopartículas de organosílica mesoporosa o como nanopartículas de plata u ZnO que se combinan con polímeros como los hidrogeles o los poliuretanos para conseguir tratamientos más eficaces mejorando sus propiedades tanto antisépticas como mecánicas.
Conclusiones: Las diferentes estrategias que se abordan en esta revisión presentan mejores propiedades antisépticas que las terapias convencionales, según se recoge en los artículos revisados. Por este motivo, seguramente formarán parte de la amplia gama de antisépticos en un futuro próximo.
Dead Body as a Terrifying Object: Body Politics in Rabindranath Tagore’s “Living or Dead?”
Authors: Adhikari Nirjala 
Published: March 2022

The paper is an attempt to examine body politics in Rabindranath Tagore’s short story “Living or Dead ?” Basically, it tries to answer why people behave differently with a dead and a living body and what is the politics behind it, through the life of Kadambini, the protagonist of the story. The story revolves around the life and death of Kadambini. She is a poor widow. When she is believed to be alive everyone treats her kindly. She is in a way epitome of kindness. She fosters the son of Jamindar. But when she becomes unconscious people think that she is dead. On the way to the burning ground, the Brahmins who take her body engages in other kinds of stuff. At the same moment, she gets her consciousness back but everyone thinks that she is already dead and becomes a ghost and walks away. When she comes back home suddenly she becomes a terrifying object. Everyone frightens with her even her own foster son. So, his paper argues that people behave living and dead bodies differently especially the word “death” itself performs a horror factor in Tagore’s “Living or Dead?” Thus, the paper explores how the words living and dead play the role of power dynamics and change people’s perceptions about the same body. To elucidate this statement Foucault and Butler’s ideas on body politics are used.
Poetic Politics in the Confessional Poetry of Lowell and Plath
Authors: Sharma Pradip 
Published: March 2022

This paper critically examines the cultural shifts the confessional poets mainly Robert Lowell and Sylvia Plath brought in post war American poetry. Under the rubric of postwar isolation ongoing developmental practices induced by Fordist culture whatever psychic disturbances the contemporary generations encountered, are reflected in Lowell and Plath’s poetry. Unlike St. Augustine’s sacramental confession, confessional poetry primarily aims at autobiographical self-exploration in essence. Yet, the confessional poetry departs from the life writing with its sharp delving into the poet’s life. The kernel point of this paper is to discuss the way the poets debunk the boundary between private and public domain and the way they prefer to write on socially stigmatized issues like alcoholism, mental illness, adultery, suicidal thought, and depression. By exploring these issues, I argue that confessional poetry penetrates into the poetics of politics under postmodernism which blurs the border line of raw and cooked, decent and profane matters. While examining the selected poems of Lowell and Plath, the cathartic motto of the poets has been highly focused when they express their troubled experiences which were indecent in the past.
Literature in Language Syllabus: Space and Contributions
Authors: Regmi Lok Raj 
Published: March 2022

This study explores the place of literature in language syllabus and analyzes how literature supports language enrichment, extensive reading and critical reading. Literature for language enrichment describes how literature supports the development of language skills in students. Literature for extensive reading deals with how literature supports the development of inferential and literary skills. Likewise, literature for critical reading describes how literature contributes to the development of intellectual skills in students. For this, theoretical and empirical studies have been consulted. Similarly, five teachers teaching English language/literature at university level as primary sources have been interviewed to collect data. The data collected from interviews have been discussed under four different themes. The study concludes that literature occupies an important space in language syllabus as literature is pedagogically, linguistically and aesthetically embedded. Literature in language syllabus is relevant to teach language skills, for example, listening, speaking, reading and writing. The study shows that literature provides the ground to teach literary and inferential skills: commenting, appreciating, characterizing, finding clues, developing supporting details, drawing conclusion. In addition, literature supports to teach intellectual skills: analyzing, synthesizing and interpreting using literary criticism.
Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of In-situ Gelling Liquid Suppositories for Naproxen
Authors: N. Al-Wiswasi Noor , B.H. Al-Khedairy Eman 
Published: March 2022

In-situ gelation is a process of gel formation at the site of application, in which a drug product formulation that exists as a liquid has been transformed into a gel upon contact with body fluids. As a drug delivery agent, the in-situ gel has an advantage of providing sustained release of the drug agent. In-situ gelling liquid suppositories using poloxamer 188 (26-30% W/W) as a suppository base with 10% W/W naproxen were prepared, the gelation temperature of these preparations were measured and they were all above the physiological temperature. Additives such as polyvinylpyrrolidin "PVP" ,hydroxylpropylmethylcellulose "HPMC", sodium alginate and sodium chloride were used in concentration ranging from (0.25-1%W/W) to modulate the gelation temperature and gel strength .The best preparation was obtained through using a combination of poloxamer 188, sodium alginate, naproxen and distilled water (29,0.5,10and 60.5 % W/W respectively)with gelation temperature of 33.6ÂºCÂ±0.2 and gel strength of 28Â±2 seconds. The release of drug from this preparation was sustained for about 12 hours and it was faster than conventional solid suppository (ProxenÂ® 500) and oral tablets (NaproxenÂ®500) using dialysis tubing method.
Key words: - naproxen, in-situ gelation, liquid suppository, poloxamer188
Synthesis of New Opioid Analgesic Peptide Analogues to Enkephalin (Leucine- and Methionine-Enkephalin)
Authors: S. Al-Ttaee Muthanna , Y. Saour Kawkab , J. Qasir Ahlam 
Published: March 2022

A small number of researches were done in the design and synthesis of enkephalin analogues that are able to resist degradation effect of proteolytic enzymes with good bioavailability and half-lives.Through studying structure activity relationships we tried to incorporate phthalyl group, tryptophan and lysine amino acids in different positions in the basic backbone structure of the naturally occurring opioid Leu5- and Met5- enkephalin, in the hope that such insertion of these amino acids could induce interesting addition in the biological activity of these analogues with enhancement of their bioavailability, in addition to decrease side effects as addiction liability.
These synthesized peptides are:

Analogue I: phthalyl-tyrosyl-glycel-tryptophan methyl ester.
Analogue II: Boc-tyrosyl-glycyl-phenylalanyl-lysine ethyl ester. HBr.

According to the designed structures, the analogues were synthesized following the conventional solution method and they were identified using the following techniques: melting point, optical rotation, thin layer chromatography (TLC), infrared spectroscopy (IR), elemental analysis (CHN) and amino acid analysis.
Key words: peptide, phthalyl, opoioid analgesics
The Origins of the Reformist Faction in Iran: the Political Isolation and Ideological Transformation of the Islamic Left in the 1990s
Authors: Mirzoev Ilhom 
Published: March 2022

This article attempts to comprehend the process of moderation of the Islamic Left – the progenitor-faction of the Reformists. In the changed global context and socio-political landscape of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the 1990s, the Islamic Left could not rapidly adapt to the new environment which diminished their appeal among the constituency. The erosion of public trust enabled the Right to push their rivals aside using the Guardian Council as a political filter, and soon the Left found themselves on the margins of mainstream politics. However, during this enforced isolation, they managed to reassess their post-revolutionary experience, and their political platform underwent a significant transformation. The new think-tanks and intellectual circles, most notably the Center for Strategic Studies and the “Keyan” circle, played an instrumental role in this process. Within this intellectual infrastructure, a new religious and political discourse emerged, providing argumentation for a rethinking of R. Khomeini&apos;s legacy from the standpoint of republicanism. Then the elitist language and vague ideas of this discourse were politicized and disseminated through the network of like-minded media. The slogans of the “New Left” gained wide support among the youth and the urban middle class, who advocated the development of political pluralism and the continuation of the course of economic liberalization and detente, which had begun during the tenure of the President A.A. Hashemi-Rafsanjani (1989–1997). These strata formed the core social forces that ensured the victory of Mohammad Khatami in the 1997 presidential elections, and then supported the Reformist “May 23rd Front”.
Many-faced Bes. Ancient Egyptian terracotta figurines from the collection of the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts
Authors: Malykh Svetlana E. 
Published: March 2022

The article examines four terracotta figurines depicting the ancient Egyptian god Bes and his female counterpart Beset, acquired by Vladimir S. Golenischev in Egypt and kept in the storages of the Department of the Ancient Orient at the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts. The analyzed objects are diverse in their topics, form and functional purposes, testifying to the great popularity of this ‘minor’ deity in Graeco-Roman Egypt; all objects are included in the context of domestic worship of the god Bes. They served as a “link” between temple festivals and domestic worship, and could also be placed in a burial place as grave goods or could be brought to a temple as votive offerings. Bes and Beset guarded and helped a person during periods when he faced the forces of chaos – in a time of sleeping, illness, in childbirth, during the war. Bes and Beset were considered the protectors of childhood and motherhood, promoting conception and successful childbirth. Bes was associated with the different borderline states of human health and the period of a person’s transition to another world. The images of Bes do not come from temple theology, but from the context of domestic, private rituals; Bes remains entirely a “popular” god, the part of a daily life cycle of the population of Graeco-Roman Egypt. These multifaced quality is one of the secrets of the incredible popularity of Bes, whose figurines spread along with the Greeks and Romans throughout the oecumene down to the Black Sea region.
Analisis Sumber Dan Penggunaan Kas Pada Pt.Polychem Indonesia Tbk Periode 2014-2018
Authors: Candra Revi 
Published: March 2022

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah darimana sumber kas yang ada pada PT. Polychem Indonesia TBK, untuk apa saja penggunaan kas pada PT. Polychem Indonesia TBK dan bagaimana analisis sumber dan penggunaan kas pada PT. Polychem Indonesia TBK periode 2014-2018. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui darimana sumber kas PT. Polychem Indonesia TBK dan digunaan untuk apa kas yang ada pada PT. Polychem Indonesia Tbk periode 2014-2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah PT. Polychem Indonesia Tbk yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan yang didapatkan dari laporan keuangan PT. Polychem Indonesia Tbk pada Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode 2014-2018 melalui situs www.idx.co.id.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Analisis sumber dan penggunaan kas pada perusahaan PT. Polychem Indonesia Tbk pada perioden 2014-2016 terjadi penggunaan dana yang tidak tepat karena kebutuhan dana jangka panjang yang dipenuhi oleh kebutuhan dana jangka pendek. Pada periode 2017-2018 PT. Polychem Indonesia Tbk telah melakukan pembelanjaan dengan tepat karena adanya kelebihan dana jangka panjang walaupun ada sebagian dana jangka panjang yang menutupi sebagian dana jangka pendek.
EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE BASED BUDGETING AT THE REGIONAL FINANCIAL AGENCY TANAH DATAR
Authors: Kartini Indra , Melia Yeni 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT The problem in this research is evaluating the budget preparation procedure in the regional financial institution of Tanah Datar district with the Minister of Home Affairs regulation number 21 of 2011 concerning the guidelines for regional financial management. This study aims to evaluate the budget preparation procedure based on the Minister of Home Affairs regulation number 21 of 2011 concerning guidelines regional financial management in the regional financial agency Tanah Datar. This type of research is field research and the method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques used are interview and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique used is the comparative method. The results of this study provide evidence that the budget preparation procedure at the flatland district regional financial agency has referred to the Minister of Home Affairs regulation number 21 of 2011 concerning regional financial management quidelines. The outcome of the work plan and budget of the regional flatland district financial agencies for the 2020 fiscal year shows that in general the performance indicators used do not meet the criteria for good performance indicators. Key Words : Evaluation of budget preparation procedures
PENGARUH FINANCING TO DEPOSIT RATIO TERHADAP RETURN ON ASSET PADA PT. BPR SYARIAH AL-MAKMUR LIMBANANG KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA PERIODE 2012-2019
Authors: Yenti Elfina , Handayani Sri Dina , Fitria Nita 
Published: March 2022

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini Return On Asset (ROA) pada PT. BPR Syariah Al-Makmur periode 2014-2019 ada yang berada dibawah 1,5% dan ada juga yang diatas 1,5% menujukkan nilai Return On Asset (ROA) yang tidak stabil sebagai variabel dependen dan variabel independen Financing To Deposit Ratio (FDR). Tujuan penelitian untuk menjelaskan pengaruh Financing To Deposit Ratio (FDR) terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) pada PT. BPR Syariah Al-Makmur periode 2012-2019. Penelitian ini merupakanpenelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan kuantitatifdengan sumber data sekunder berupa Laporan Keuangan PT. BPR Syariah Al-Makmur periode 2012-2019. Teknik analisis data dengan analisis regresi linier sederhana mengunakan Program SPSS 21. Hasil penelitian uji t menunjukkan bahwa bahwa pengaruh FDR terhadap ROA pada PT. BPR Syariah Al-Makmur periode 2012-2019 diperoleh hasil H0 diterima dan Ha ditolak dan nilai siginifikansinya 0,063 > 0,05. Artinya Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) tidak berpengaruh terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) pada PT. BPR Syariah Al-Makmur.
Pigmentation and production of vitamins in mango (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Hernández-Estrada M. E. , Rosas-Quijano R. , Vázquez-Ovando A. , Galvez-Lopez Didiana 
Published: March 2022

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is the fifth most cultivated plant in the world. One way to classify mango is according to the color of the skin; mangoes are classified as green, yellow and red. Color is a visual attribute that defines consumer preference in some countries. This pigmentation diversity is defined by families of genes that encode for protein production, which lead to biosynthetic pathways responsible for the production of vitamins and vitamin precursors. In Mexico there is a wide range of colors in the native mango germplasm, which could represent an important source of antioxidants, pigments and would bring benefits to the human health of Mexicans, through the consumption of the fresh fruits, or the commercial/industrial exploitationof these. According to the literature, this diversity of colors represents a genetic richness that could be exploited in the genetic breeding programs of the species in the country, to generate new varieties with desirable characteristics in the national and international market. In order to gather and discuss information that contributes to the understanding of the biochemical and genetic processes that determine such pigmentation and the production of vitamins in mango, this review describes the main genes involved and the biosynthetic pathways of the most common pigments, considering the impact on human health when they are consumed, and highlighting the challenges and opportunities that could be derived from the utilization of pigmentsfrom the Mexican germplasm.
Innovative methods to improving the irrigation technology of crops in Tajikistan
Authors: Pulatov Erash , Pulatov Shavkat , Rasulov Firuz , Rozokova Gulafruz 
Published: March 2022

The article presents the results of long-term studies on the development of innovative water/resource-saving and environ-mentally friendly technologies for irrigation practices of crops in a global climate change context in the Republic of Tajikistan.
The dependence of the yield of grapes, alfalfa, corn on the irrigation rate in the conditions of the Gissar and Vakhsh valleys, as well as the Sughd region of Tajikistan have been established. The effectiveness of the use of hydrogel and film mulching material has been proven. The recommended innovative irrigation technologies allow saving 50 % of irrigation water, increasing productivity by 2–2.5 times and productivity of the employees by 2 times.
Agroengineering technology for the rice irrigation systems to manage drainage flow quality
Authors: Kireycheva Ludmila , В Супрун 
Published: March 2022

Under condition of water shortage slow-mineralized drainage water coming from the rice irrigation systems can be used as an additional source of water. Agro-engineering technology on drain-age flow treatment and its reusing for irrigation has been devel-oped and tested by the authors. Agro-engineering technology in-cludes:
1) biosorption facility to remove mineralsalts with the help of specially selected natural mineral sorbents,
2) higher aquatic vegetation to absorb biogenic substances;
3) the developed new sorbent to provide water conditioning. The results of biosorption facility testing carried out at the Sarpin irrigation system in the Republic of Kalmykia showed its high ef-ficiency.
A decrease in drainage flow mineralization was observed (from 4.3 to 0.66 g/l), while chlorine decreased from 78 to 28 mg/l, as well as calcium increased from 100 to 124 mg/l. So the efficiency of the suggested technique of drainage flow treatment is rather high which made it possible to use purified drainage flow for irrigation purposes without negative consequences. The appli-cation of the developed technology will get an economic effect by reducing the cost of water supply for the rice irrigation system.
Heavy metal migration in the sediments of the lake Seliger
Authors: Kolomiycev Nikolay , Korzhenevsky B. , Ilyina Tamara , Tolkachev Gleb 
Published: March 2022

The Lake Seliger is one of the landscape and climatic gems of the central part of European Russia. Traditionally, this territory has been the object of expansion of both organized and unorganized tourists. Several dozen localities and the city of Ostashkov have contributed and continue to contribute to the creation of a natural and man-made system in the territory under consideration.
Although the population and the intensity of industrial production have declined somewhat in recent years, the number of civilian facilities, often located within water protection zones, has increased.
The consequence of this is the contamination of the sediments of the lake with heavy metals, which has been studied by the authors since 2000. The most pronounced is the chromium contamination, the ≪culprit≫ of which is a tannery that was actively operating in Soviet times, although the activity of the negative impact of which has significantly decreased in recent years. Monitoring of chromium contamination, the results of which show a very high degree of contamination in some points close to the source of its receipt, indicates the presence of a certain number of ≪hot spots≫. The study of the distribution of other heavy metals in the sediments shows that so far the level of contamination of silt with them is not cause for concern, but most of them enter the lake from unorganized sources.
The current state of the lake does not yet cause serious concerns about contamination with heavy metals, except chromium, but the periodic monitoring of this area is necessary for a competent assessment of changes in its geoecological state.