bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning curve for laparoscopic reduction of intussusception in children who failed fluoroscopy- guided air enema
Authors: Liu Y. H. , Sun J. , Lv Z. B. , Xu W. J. , Liu J. B. , Sheng Q. F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Laparoscopic reduction in the treatment of intussusception in children who failed fluoroscopy-guided air enema has gained popularity recently. The question arises as to how many laparoscopic procedures are required before the technique is safely performed. This study aimed to evaluate and quantify the learning curve associated with laparoscopic reduction for intussusception at the authors’ center. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic reduction by the same surgeon at our center between August 2014 and December 2020. Patient data including age, gender, BMI (body mass index), ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists fitness grade), clinical manifestation, preoperative air enema attempts, operative time, anatomic type of intussusception, length of intussusception, No. of intussusception, recurrence of intussusception, pathologic lead point, concomitant procedure, complications, conversion, length of postoperative stay were analyzed over time to evaluate the learning curve.Results A total of 34 patients received laparoscopic reduction of intussusception during the study period. The two groups were comparable, with their baseline demographics and clinical characteristics remained similar over time. Complications were experienced by 27% of the first 15 patients, which decreased to 0% during the next 19 patients (p = 0.029). The median operative time between the first 15 patients (45 min) and the next 19 patients (65 min) was not significantly different (p = 0.822). The median postoperative hospital stay was 4 days for the first 15 patients and 6 days for the next 19 patients (p = 0.253). The conversion rates were not significantly different between the first 15 patients (13%) and next 19 patients (16%) (p = 1.0).Conclusions The complication rate was sharply decreased after 15 laparoscopic procedures. This indicates that the learning curve for laparoscopic reduction for intussusception of an experienced surgeon is approximately 15 cases.
The frequency and fitness of m6A-associated variants may be modulated by thermodynamic stability of the overlapping G-quadruplex
Authors: Gulec Cagri 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Post-transcriptional modifications like m6A, and secondary structures like G-quadruplex (G4), play an important role in RNA processing. Despite an emerging number of studies focusing on m6A and G4 separately, there are less studies about their synergy. Since m6A is known to be enzymatically created in DRACH-motif, and genetic variants may create a novel DRACH-motif or abolish a pre-existing DRACH-motif, we can suppose that the variants may affect gene product level through modulating m6A-G4 colocalization, which consequently may affect fitness and change allele frequency. To test this hypothesis, rare and common variants in selected human genes were investigated in terms of their effect on m6A-G4 colocalization.Methods: Genomic sequences and variant features were fetched from GRCh37/hg19 and Biomart-Ensembl databases, respectively. Genomic coordinates of experimentally identified G4 sequences were yielded from two studies. Counting the number of putative motifs and statistical analysis were performed with appropriate libraries of Python3.7.Results: Common variants creating novel m6A-motif were found more frequently inside than outside G4, and displayed unequal distribution throughout pre-mRNA. Unequal distribution of m6A-creating variants seemed to be related to their effect on thermodynamic stability of the overlapping-G4. Conclusions: Selective m6A-G4 colocalization suggests that m6A-motifs are favorable when overlapping with G4. Besides, thermodynamic stability may lead to unequal distribution of m6A-G4 colocalization, favorable in 5-prime-side, but not in 3-prime-side. We can conclude that the fitness, and consequently frequency of an m6A-creating variant is prone to become higher or lower depending on its position and effect on the overlapping-G4 stability.
Construction of immunotherapy-related prognostic gene signature and small molecule drug prediction for cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Xing Jiahua , Jia Ziqi , Han Yan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Cutaneous melanoma (CM), a kind of skin cancer with a high rate of advanced mortality, exhibits a wide variety of driver and transmitter gene alterations in the immunological tumor microenvironment (TME) associated with tumor cell survival and proliferation.
Methods
We analyzed the immunological infiltration of TME cells in normal and malignant tissues using 469 CM and 556 normal skin samples. We used a single sample gene set enrichment assay (ssGSEA) to quantify the relative abundance of 28 cells, developed a riskScore prognostic model using the LASSO COX regression model, and performed small molecule drug screening and molecular docking validation, which was finally validated using qRT-PCR and IHC.
Results
We developed a prognosis model around seven essential protective genes for the first time, dramatically elevated in tumor tissues, as did immune cell infiltration. The results of multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that riskScore is an independent and robust prognostic indicator, and its predictive usefulness in immunotherapy was verified. Additionally, we identified Gabapentin as a possible small molecule therapeutic for CM.
Conclusions
A riskScore model was developed in this work to analyze patient prognosis, TME cell infiltration features, and treatment responsiveness. The development of this model aid in predicting patient response to immunotherapy, but it also has significant implications for the development of novel immunotherapeutic agents and the promotion of tailored treatment regimens.
Application of Real-time MRI-guided Linear Accelerator in Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy for Non- Small Cell Lung Cancer: One Step Forward to Precise Targeting
Authors: Kang Hye Jin , Kwak Yoo-Kang , Kim Myungsoo , Lee So Jung 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Tumor motion is a major challenge in stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), causing excessive irradiation to compensate for this motion. Real-time tumor tracking with a magnetic resonance imaging-guided linear accelerator (MR-Linac) could address this problem. This study aimed to assess the effects and advantages of MR-Linac in SABR for the treatment of lung tumors. Methods: Overall, 41 patients with NSCLC treated with SABR using MR-Linac between March 2019 and December 2021 were included. For comparison, 40 patients treated with SABR using computed tomography-based modalities were also enrolled. The SABR dose ranged from 48 Gy to 60 Gy in 3-5 fractions. The primary endpoint was a lower radiation volume compared to CT-based SABR. The secondary endpoint was the local control rate of SABR using the MR-Linac. Results: The median follow-up time was 19 months (range: 3-105 months). There was no significant difference in the gross tumor volume between the MR and CT groups (7.1 ± 9.3 cm3 vs 8.0 ± 6.8 cm3, p=0.643), but the planning target volume was significantly smaller in the MR group (20.8 ± 18.8 cm3 vs 34.1 ± 22.9 cm3, p=0.005). The 1-year local control rates for the MR and CT groups were 92.1% and 75.4%, respectively (p=0.07), and the 1-year overall survival rates were 87.4% and 87.0%, respectively (p=0.30).Conclusion: Lung SABR with MR-Linac can reduce the radiation field without compromising the local control rate. Further follow-up is needed to assess the long-term effects.
IL-13R130Q modulates human airway smooth muscle cell phenotype to contribute to severe asthma
Authors: He Yafang , Pan Qin , Li Luanluan , Liu Quanhua , Bao Yi-xiao , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
A small percentage of asthma patients experience severe and refractory asthma that responds poorly to standard therapy. However, this percentage is increasing and better treatment options are therefore needed. Our previous study showed that cultured human airway smooth muscle cells treated with IL-13 R130Q, a naturally occurring IL-13 variant, displayed enhanced functional activities compared to wild-type (WT) IL-13. The present study aims to determine whether IL-13 R130Q could modulate the ASMC phenotype to further contribute to severe asthma.
Methods
Human bronchial smooth muscle cells (hBSMCs) were treated with increasing concentrations of IL-13R130Q or WT IL-13 for 24 h. Endogenous expressions of IL-5 and IL-4 were characterized with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis. Acetylcholine-induced changes in intracellular calcium concentration were analyzed with the fluorescent probe Fluo-3/AM with flow-cytometric analysis. Cell proliferation was quantified using the CCK-8 kit and cell migration using the Boyden chamber assay.
Results
IL-13 R130Q induced significantly higher levels of proliferation, migration, and contraction, as well as secretion of IL-4 and IL-5 in hBSMCs compared to WT IL-13.
Conclusions
Taken all together, our data indicate that IL-13R130Q may contribute to severe asthma through phenotypic modulation of hBSMCs.
The Effect of Grinding Time on Moisture Sorption, Particle Size Distribution, and Phenolic Bioaccessibility of Carob Powder
Authors: Červenka Libor , Frühbauerová Michaela , Muriqi Sali , Palarčík Jiří , Velichová Helena 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Carob pods were ground for 30–180 s in a vibratory grinder. Particle size, colour, moisture sorption properties, antioxidant properties, and phenolic contents were examined. A static three-stage in vitro (oral, gastric, and intestinal) digestion process was performed to determine the fate of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant properties of the carob powder samples.The median values (D50) of particle size decreased after 60 s of grinding (87.9 μm), then increased to 135.1 μm. Lightness showed a negative correlation with D50 and aw, while redness and yellowness values decreased with the reduction of particle size and water activity. The smaller the particle size, the higher the equilibrium moisture content of carob powder. Phenolic acids (vanillic, ferulic, cinnamic) and flavonoids (luteolin, naringenin, apigenin) were found in all samples of carob powder. The grinding time influenced their content with maximum values in carob pods ground for 180 s. Similar observations were made when assessing antioxidant capacity. The in vitro digestion process improved the bioaccessibility of catechin content in all samples. However, the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds, total phenolic and flavonoid content decreased with the increase in grinding time. Our findings revealed that the grinding of carob pods for 180 s improved the extractability of phenolics, however, their bioaccessibility was reduced. It is sufficient to ground carob pod for 30 s, which ensures good availability of nutraceuticals and lower energy cost for grinding.
In-Pocket 3D Graphs Enhance Ligand-Target Compatibility in Generative Small-Molecule Creation
Authors: Kang Seung-gu , Weber Jeffrey , Morrone Joseph , Zhang Leili , Huynh Tien , Cornell Wendy 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Proteins in complex with small molecule ligands represent the core of structure-based drug discovery. However, three-dimensional representations are absent from most deep-learning-based generative models. We here present a graph-based generative modeling technology that encodes explicit 3D protein-ligand contacts within a relational graph architecture. The models combine a conditional variational autoencoder that allows for activity-specific molecule generation with putative contact generation that provides predictions of molecular interactions within the target binding pocket. We show that molecules generated with our 3D procedure are more compatible with the binding pocket of the dopamine D2 receptor than those produced by a comparable ligand-based 2D generative method, as measured by docking scores, expected stereochemistry, and recoverability in commercial chemical databases. Predicted protein-ligand contacts were found among highest-ranked docking poses with a high recovery rate. This work shows how the structural context of a protein target can be used to enhance molecule generation.
Health-related Quality of Life Among Adult Patients With Cancer in Uganda
Authors: Naamala Allen , Eriksson Lars E. , Orem Jackson , Nalwadda Gorrette K. , Kabir Zarina Nahar , Wettergren Lena 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
AimTo investigate prevalence of clinical cases with regard to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its association with socio-demographic and clinical factors among adult patients attending specialized cancer care in Uganda.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed with 385 patients cared for at Uganda Cancer Institute (response rate 95%). HRQoL was measured using EORTC QLQ-C30 including its subscales measuring functioning and symptoms as well as overall health status and quality of life (QoL). Predetermined thresholds indicating clinical importance were applied to identify patients exhibiting functional impairments and symptoms at a level meriting concern (clinical cases). Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected through study-specific items and medical records, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression models identified factors associated with being a clinical case in seven selected subscales of the EORTC QLQ-C30 (Physical, Role, Social and Emotional Function, Global health status/QoL, Pain and Fatigue). ResultsThe mean age of the study participants, in - and outpatients with various cancers, was 48 years. The majority reported their functioning at levels indicating clinical caseness (68%−87%), as well as significant pain (80%), and fatigue (63%). Higher age and lack of education were associated with clinical caseness. Clinical characteristics related to caseness included having an advanced disease stage, being hospitalized, receiving palliation, not on active cancer treatment as well as diagnosed with head/neck cancers.Conclusion The study demonstrated that more than two thirds of adult patients cared for at a specialized cancer facility in Uganda rate HRQoL at levels meriting concern. The large proportion of patients with pain calls for implementation of guidelines such as the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for Adult Cancer Pain, to improve pain management in Uganda. A majority of the patients reported fatigue at a clinical level which can be addressed by educational interventions to teach patients self-care strategies to conserve energy.
Cross-codex Learning for Reliable Large Scale Scribe Identification in Medieval Manuscripts
Authors: Weißmann Julius , Seidl Markus , Dietrich Anya , Haltrich Martin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Historic scribe identification is a substantial task for obtaining information about the past. Uni-form script styles, such as the Carolingian minuscule, make it a difficult task for classification to focuse on meaningful features. Therefore, we demonstrate in this paper the importance of cross-codex training data for CNN based text-independent off-line scribe identification, to overcome codex dependent overfitting. We report three main findings: First, we found that preprocessing with masked grayscale images instead of RGB images increased the F1-score of the classification results drastically. Second, we trained different neural networks on our complex data, validating time and accuracy differences in order to define the most reliable net-work architecture. With AlexNet, the network with the best trade-off between F1-score and time, we achieved for individual classes F1-scores of up to 0,96 on line level and up to 1.0 on page level in classification. Third, we could replicate the finding that the CNN output can be further improved by implementing a reject option, giving more stable results. We present the results on our large scale open source dataset – the Codex Claustroneoburgensis database (CCl-DB) – containing a significant number of writings from different scribes in several codices. We demonstrate for the first time on a dataset with such a variety of codices that paleographic decisions can be reproduced automatically and precisely with CNNs. This gives manifold new and fast possibilities for paleographers to gain insights into unlabeled material, but also to develop further hypotheses.
Preliminary Survey on the Health and Management Practices Among Small-scale Cage Tilapia Farmers on Lake Volta
Authors: Abarike E. D. , Atuna R. A. , Dandi S. O. , Agyekum S. , Appenteng P. , Alhassan E.H. , Akongyuure D.N. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The study investigated the health and management strategies adopted by fish farmers on Lake Volta to control disease outbreaks. 30 fish farmers were randomly selected within stratum II of the Lake Volta and interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires and oral discussions to collect information on their knowledge, experiences and measures used in controlling the spread of fish diseases. Farmers face challenges including poor water quality and seed and incidence of diseases. 56% of farmers reported they have experienced up to 70% losses of their fish due to diseases. 80% of farmers use antibiotics, herbs and probiotics as a treatment regimen to control diseases. Farmers expressed low confidence in using expert advice in the control of diseases. For better management of fish health, it may be necessary to develop a comprehensive fish health management plan by the collaborative efforts of stakeholders in the management of disease incidence in the aquaculture industry in Ghana.
Designing a decision aid for cancer prevention
Authors: Milton Shakira , Macrae Finlay , McIntosh Jennifer G , Saya Sibel , Alphonse Pavithran , Yogaparan Thivagar , Karnchanachari Napin , Novy Kitty , Nguyen Peter , Lau Phyllis , Forbes Carmody , Cummings Kara-Lynne , Emery Jon David 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Australian guidelines recommend people aged 50 to 70-years-old, consider taking low-dose aspirin to reduce their risk of colorectal cancer. The aim was to design sex-specific decision aids (DAs) with clinician and consumer input including expected frequency trees (EFTs) to communicate risks and benefits of taking aspirin.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinicians. Focus groups were conducted with consumers. The interview schedules covered ease of comprehension, design, potential effects on decision making, and approaches to implementation of the DAs. Thematic analysis was employed; independent coding by two researchers was inductive. Themes were developed through consensus between authors.
Results
Sixty-four clinician were interviewed over six-months in 2019. Twelve consumers, aged 50 to 70 years, participated in two focus groups in February and March 2020.
Design of Overhead Tank with Carbon Fibre/Fiber Rebar as Reinforcement and Time History Analysis using STAAD-Pro software.
Authors: CHONDIKAR KRUSHNARTH 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The Construction and Design industry is always trying to find new and better technologies, ways, materials and equipment. One such technology/material is the using Carbon Fibre/fiber as Reinforcement for design the structure which is a new material in this industry that brings alternative for steel in the designing of the structure and offers design opportunities to enhance the performance of the structure with encouraging innovation. The use of this material in designing of the structure reflects economical. Most of the studies showed that the need of water and storage of water in tanks is essential and increasing now days all over the world. For that demands, we designs the huge storage water tanks structures. Designing the huge storage water tanks by traditional/conventional/regular way has limits, but it should not been limited to a certain extent structural point of view. Efficient overhead water tanks would not be possible with a traditional/conventional/regular approach. Storage tanks are different structure by their special architectural features and configurations. Materials having high strength and innovative structural systems are needed to be developed to resist the challenges created by construction the huge storages of water tanks in regions of highly dense populated area. In present work, design of the overhead tank using carbon fibre/fiber as reinforcement, has been checked against the several loads, time history analysis and the maximum considered level criteria by performing the linear and nonlinear procedures with the help of STAAD-Pro software. In further work, the performance of overhead tank using carbon fibre/fiber as reinforcement will be checked at the several loads, time history analysis and the maximum considered level criteria.
Anti-inflammatory activity of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acid oil extract on acute inflammation in animal models.
Authors: Omale J. A. , Ezeanyika L. U. S , Omale A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Safety concerns for persistent long-term use of anti- inflammatory drugs must be considered when prescribing pain relief medications for acute, chronic and degenerative pain conditions due to the side effects. Therefore supplementation using natural forms of anti-inflammatories such as omega − 3- fatty acids (n-3 fatty acids) is more about therapeutic safety than it is of efficacy. In this study, standard methods (Carageenan, Arachidonic acid and PGE2) were used to determine the nutritional intervention of n-3 fish oil extract (due to its eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA and docosahexaenoic acid, DHA contents) in experimental animal models for acute inflammatory models. Obtained results showed marked inhibition of inflammation by the fish oil brought about by EPA and DHA content of the oil. Resolution of carragenan-induced paw edema inflammation after 24hrs was 78.57%, 57.14%, 50.00%, 100.00% and 92.85% percentage inhibition for groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively. Arachidonic acid-induced ear edema was 30, 24, 27, 37 and 40% inhibition while 44.16, 52.48, 61.34,74 and 80.05% were for PGE-2 assay. The results show that the active components in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA), are capable of interrupting the prostaglandin metabolic pathway by competing with arachidonic acids for the COX active site thereby inhibiting their synthesis.
Designing Optimal Hub-and-Spoke Network Considering Flow Delay Cost: The Case of Urban Express Delivery in Eastern China
Authors: Bangjun Wang , Quoqiang Shen , Long Zhou , Wei Zhao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
With respect to a traditional point-to-point (P-P) network, a hub-and-spoke (H-S) not only uses a smaller number of links/paths, but also utilizes the scale economy advantage on consolidated flows on hub-hub links and at hubs. However, the inevitable delays through hubs have always been a critical concern. Therefore, this paper develops an H-S model considering flow delay costs and applies the model to a logistics case in east Jiangsu province, China. The model is based on the well-known H-S network model proposed by O'Kelly et al., which first introduced the concept of flow delay cost in hub location and network design. In this research, the flow delay cost is defined as the cost associated with delay caused by flow transfers at hubs. The integer quadratic term in our model’s objective function is linearized using the algebraic method suggested by Shen (1994). Our model is applied to a local logistics firm, who plans to develop an H-S network for its 13-node express package delivery operation, using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The results show using the H-S can save more than 14.1% of the total cost annually. The model also provides an applied case to the H-S configuration, especially for urban express delivery logistics in China.