bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives of a proposed patient navigator programme for people with chronic kidney disease in rural communities: Report from national workshops
Authors: Scholes‐Robertson Nicole , Howell Martin , Carter Simon A. , Manera Karine E. , Viecelli Andrea K. , Au Eric , Chong Chanel , Matus‐Gonzalez Andrea , van Zwieten Anita , Reidlinger Donna , Wright Chad , Owen Kelli , Craig Jonathan C. , Tong Allison 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsPeople who live in rural areas have reduced access to appropriate and timely healthcare, leading to poorer health outcomes than their metropolitan‐based counterparts. The aims of the workshops were to ascertain participants' perspectives on barriers to access to dialysis and transplantation, to identify and prioritize the roles of a rural patient navigator, to discuss the acceptability and feasibility of implementing this role and identify possible outcomes that could be used to measure the success of the programme in a clinical trial.MethodsRural patients (n = 19), their caregivers (n = 5) and health professionals (n = 18) from Australia participated in three workshops. We analysed the data using thematic analysis.ResultsWe identified four themes related to access to dialysis and transplantation: overwhelmed by separate and disconnected health systems, unprepared for emotional toll and isolation, lack of practical support and inability to develop trust and rapport. Four themes related to the role of the patient navigator programme: valuing lived experience, offering cultural expertise, requiring a conduit, and flexibility of the job description. The key roles prioritized by participants were psychological support and networking, provision/consolidation of education, and provision of practical support.ConclusionRural patients, caregivers and health professionals believed that programmes that include navigators with lived experience of dialysis and kidney transplantation and cultural expertise, especially for Aboriginal Australians, may have the potential to improve patient experiences in accessing healthcare.
The tomato resistance gene Bs4 suppresses leaf watersoaking phenotypes induced by AvrHah1, a transcription activator‐like effector from tomato‐pathogenic xanthomonads
Authors: Schenstnyi Kyrylo , Strauß Annett , Dressel Angela , Morbitzer Robert , Wunderlich Markus , Andrade Ana Gabriela , Phan Trang‐Thi‐Thu , Aguilera Paloma de los Angeles , Brancato Caterina , Berendzen Kenneth Wayne , Lahaye Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Summary

The Xanthomonas transcription activator‐like effector (TALE) protein AvrBs3 transcriptionally activates the executor‐type resistance (R) gene Bs3 from pepper (Capsicum annuum), thereby triggering a hypersensitive cell death reaction (HR). AvrBs3 also triggers an HR in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) upon recognition by the nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) R protein Bs4. Whether the executor‐type R protein Bs3 and the NLR‐type R protein Bs4 use common or distinct signalling components to trigger an HR remains unclear.

CRISPR/Cas9‐mutagenesis revealed, that the immune signalling node EDS1 is required for Bs4‑ but not for Bs3‐dependent HR, suggesting that NLR‑ and executor‐type R proteins trigger an HR via distinct signalling pathways. CRISPR/Cas9‐mutagenesis also revealed that tomato Bs4 suppresses the virulence function of both TALEs, the HR‐inducing AvrBs3 protein and of AvrHah1, a TALE that does not trigger an HR in tomato.

Analysis of AvrBs3‑ and AvrHah1‐induced host transcripts and disease phenotypes in CRISPR/Cas9‐induced bs4 mutant plants indicates that both TALEs target orthologous transcription factor genes to promote disease in tomato and pepper host plants.

Our studies display that tomato mutants lacking the TALE‐sensing Bs4 protein provide a novel platform to either uncover TALE‐induced disease phenotypes or genetically dissect components of executor‐triggered HR.
Tumor‐induced osteomalacia combined with acromegaly: A case report
Authors: Li Xiang , Ni Xiaolin , Chai Xiaofeng , Wang Linjie , Jiang Yan , Jing Hongli , Huo Li , Wu Huanwen , Yao Yong , Jin Jin , Feng Bin , Xia Yu , Yu Wei , Chi Yue , Liu Wei , Pang Qianqian , Cui Lijia , Jiajue Ruizhi , Gong Yiyi , Wang Ou , Li Mei , Xing Xiaoping , Xia Weibo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBoth acromegaly and tumor‐induced osteomalacia (TIO) are rare diseases caused by an excess hormone secreted by neuroendocrine neoplasms, which are growth hormone (GH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), respectively. GH elevates phosphate reabsorption via the effect of insulin‐like factor 1 (IGF‐1), while FGF23 inhibits phosphate reabsorption and reduces serum phosphate level markedly. A patient who developed a typical acromegaly appearance but was accompanied with height loss and hypophosphatemia for 2 years visited our hospital. Laboratory investigations showed GH and IGF‐1 hypersecretion, as well as hypophosphatemia caused by renal phosphate wasting. Magnetic resonance image revealed a pituitary somatotroph adenoma. Octreoscan scintigraphy also found a causative tumor on the right foot for hypophosphatemia. Then, he underwent resection of the tumor on the right foot. His serum phosphate returned to normal immediately but elevated gradually. Then, we removed the pituitary adenoma of the patient, and the GH and phosphate levels returned to the normal range. Here, we report the first case with acromegaly combined with TIO, the changing process of his phosphate concentration suggests an interesting concurrent effect of excess GH and FGF23 in this rare condition.
Clinical decision‐making and management of stage IV periodontitis: A survey
Authors: Merli Mauro , Fratini Adriano , Sforza Nicola Marco , Landi Luca , Pagliaro Umberto , Franchi Lorenzo , Nieri Michele 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical management of stage IV periodontitis patients among clinicians within the Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was designed on a web‐based anonymous survey. Comparison between ordinary members (OMs) versus active and certified members (ACMs) and comparison between members with at least 10 years of experience in periodontology (Ov10) and members with less than 10 years of experience in periodontology (Un10) were performed.ResultsA total of 324 out of 1362 members (response rate of 24%) responded to the questionnaire. ACMs and Ov10 more often reported their teams hold adequate skills to manage cases. Step I and II periodontal therapy took more time in the ACMs and Ov10 groups. ACMs used different strategies to perform step I‐II therapy, and antibiotics were used less frequently than OMs. Unresponsive sites were treated more often with surgery by ACMs compared to OMs. ACMs adopted different treatment sequences compared to OMs. Ov10 group used more often CBCT, lateral cephalogram, and wax‐up while Un10 group tend to avoid orthodontic therapy.ConclusionsMore experienced members spent more time in step I and II of periodontal therapy, used more diagnostic tools, and performed more often surgery and orthodontics in the treatment of stage IV periodontitis patients.
CD24 blockade promotes anti‐tumor immunity in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zou Ke‐Long , Lan Zhou , Cui Hao , Zhao Yu‐Yue , Wang Wei‐Ming , Yu Guang‐Tao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesOur study elucidates the prognostic role of cluster of differentiation (CD) 24 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and determines whether targeting CD24 enhances the anti‐tumor immune response by inhibiting tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs).Materials and MethodsThe expression of CD24 and CD68 was analyzed immunohistochemically via tissue microarrays constructed using 56 cohorts of patients with OSCC and 20 control specimens. Further, CD24 was inhibited in an allograft squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) related mouse model with CD24mAb to determine the tumor volume and weight. Changes in immune cells such as TAMs and T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) were analyzed by Flow cytometry. The expression of CD4, CD8, and Ki67 was analyzed via immunohistochemistry. The inhibition of CD24 was confirmed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.ResultsCD24 was overexpressed in OSCC. High expression of CD24 indicated poor survival in patients with OSCC (p = 0.0334). CD24 expression was significantly correlated with CD68 (p = 0.0424). The inhibition of CD24 delayed tumor growth in vivo. A decrease in TAMs number and an increase in T cell number were confirmed, while the ability of tumor proliferation was impaired.ConclusionTargeting CD24 could enhance anti‐tumor immune response by inhibiting TAMs.
Accuracy of diagnostic aids in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A comparative study
Authors: James Jijy , Chandra Jagadish , Sequeira Joyce 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the accuracy of metastasis in cervical nodes using preoperative palpation method, ultrasonography with colour doppler (USG) and computed tomography (CT) in oral squamous cell carcinoma.MethodologyThirty‐one biopsy‐proven patients with OSCC who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. The nodal status of each was assessed by clinical palpation, USG and CT and compared with the post‐operative histopathological result. The results were evaluated statistically for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value and accuracy.ResultsThe accuracy of clinical palpation, USG and CT in diagnosing a node as metastatic was 70.9%, 100% and 87%, respectively, showing ultrasonography to be better than CT, followed by CT and clinical palpation.ConclusionThe accuracy and sensitivity of USG in the detection of cervical lymph node metastases make it a potentially promising and cheap preoperative tool for staging neck node metastases.
Effectiveness of Platelet‐Rich Plasma in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Cao Yi , Wan Ye‐da 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the effectiveness of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) for patients operated with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).Databases of PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL were independently retrieved by two authors, for identifying the eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the clinical and imaging outcomes of ACL reconstructed patients augmented with or without PRP. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was utilized to assess the risk of bias of the included trials. We qualitatively synthesized the outcomes include the image evaluations on the healing of bone tunnels, graft remodeling, donor site healing and tunnel widening, and clinical evaluations on knee stability and function, pain symptom by visual analogue scale (VAS), inflammatory parameters and so on.A total of 16 RCTs, including 1025 patients, were included for eligibility. Generally, the included studies were of low risk of bias, but the conducting of allocation concealment was not clearly described in many studies. Three imaging techniques, including MRI, CT and ultrasound, were selected in these trials. Significant improvement on graft remodeling, bone tunnel healing, harvest site healing and bone tunnel diameters were demonstrated in one of five (20.0%), three of five (60.0%), two of four (50.0%) and one of five (20.0%) studies respectively, for PRP group. Various clinical outcomes, such as IKDC score, Lysholm score, Tegner score, knee anteroposterior and rotational laxity, range of motion and VAS, could not be improved with PRP application.The PRP is associated with very limited role in improving knee outcomes following ACLR, and there is no indication for PRP procedures in ACLR at this stage.
The Direct Anterior Approach versus the Posterolateral Approach on the Outcome of Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Clinical Study
Authors: Wang Zhao , Bao Hong‐Wei , Hou Jing‐Zhao , Ju Bin , Wu Can‐Hua , Zhou Yao‐Jiang , Gu Xiao‐Ming , Wang Hai‐Hong 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical results of the direct anterior approach (DAA) and posterolateral approach (PLA) in total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients.MethodsFrom January 2017 to September 2019, 80 patients who received primary THA in our hospital were retrospectively selected based on the propensity score matching (PSM) method. Baseline characteristics of patients who underwent the DAA and PLA were collected. Moreover, the incision length, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, length of stay, and Harris hip score were compared between patients in the two groups. The CK level was used to assess muscle damage between patients in the DAA and PLA groups. The complications of these two approaches were also evaluated at patients' 12‐month follow‐up evaluation.ResultsThere was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between patients in the two groups (p > 0.05). The patients in the DAA group had a shorter incision length (9.2 ± 0.2 vs 14.7 ± 0.5, respectively; p < 0.05) and shorter length of hospital stay (9.5 ± 0.7 vs 12.9 ± 0.8, respectively, p < 0.05) than patients in the PLA group. Moreover, the DAA was associated with a decrease in intraoperative blood loss compared with the PLA (109.1 ± 12.6 vs 305.1 ± 14.1 ml, respectively, p < 0.05). However, the operation time was longer in patients in the DAA group (130.7 ± 1.7) than in patients in the PLA group (112.6 ± 1.3 min, p < 0.05). The CK level of patients in the DAA group was lower than that of patients in the PLA group (p < 0.05). The CK level at 48 h post‐surgery was negatively correlated with the Harris hip scores at 6 months after THA (r = −0.538, p = 0.000). Compared with patients in the PLA group, the muscle strength of patients in the DAA group was significantly higher than that of patients in the DAA group at 4 days (p < 0.05) and 7 days (p < 0.05) after THA. The Harris hip scores of patients in the DAA group and PLA group were 81.0 ± 0.8 vs 70.8 ± 0.7 at 6 weeks, 93.4 ± 0.9 vs 86.4 ± 0.6 at 3 months, and 96.8 ± 1.1 vs 93.4 ± 0.8 at 6 months, respectively, both p < 0.05. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between patients in the DAA and PLA groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionDAA was superior to the PLA in improving hip function after THA. Compared with the PLA, the DAA could reduce muscle damage, which is negatively correlated with hip function. Further multi‐institution studies are required with longer follow‐up durations, and larger patient populations are needed to provide more definitive conclusions.
Clinical Application of Nail‐Plate Fixation in the Treatment of Complex Proximal Third Humeral Fracture: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Bi Chun , Wu Jianhong , Wu Xiaoming 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundProximal humeral fractures with increasing incidence are common over the past decades. Among them, the complicated and displaced ones, especially combined with the proximal third humeral shaft fractures, need to be treated surgically. Humeral intramedullary nail and locking plate are the most frequently used options. However, few studies address the application of nail‐plate combination for management.Case presentationA 49‐year‐old man struck by a car was referred to our emergency trauma center. The X‐ray and three‐dimensional computed tomography (CT) showed a complex proximal humeral fracture with proximal third shaft fracture. No evidence of other associated injuries and neurovascular symptom of the injured left upper limb was shown by physical examination. Nail‐plate fixation was performed to restore the anatomic integrity of proximal humerus. The injured arm was maintained in a broad arm sling for 14 days after surgery. The active as well as positive movements under the instruction were encouraged as long as the pain could be tolerated from postoperative day 2. One year after the surgery, the fracture was healed, and the patient regained normal shoulder motion. The good clinical outcomes were obtained by application of nail‐plate fixation to treat complex proximal third humeral shaft fractures. Thus, this surgical intervention could be performed as an alternative.
Reduction with Pre‐Drilling Combined with a Finger Reduction Tool in Difficult‐to‐Reduce Intertrochanteric Fracture
Authors: Hu Hongxin , Chen Guoli , Wu Xianwei , Lin Mei , Lin Haibin 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of pre‐drilling combined with a finger reduction tool for the reduction of difficult‐to‐reduce intertrochanteric fractures.MethodsPatients diagnosed with complicated intertrochanteric fractures during the period from July 2016 to May 2021 at the Affiliated Hospital of our College were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent reduction by pre‐drilling combined with a finger reduction tool followed by fixing with proximal femoral nail antirotation. The outcome of reduction was evaluated by intraoperative fluoroscopy. The operation time, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, and incidence of postoperative complications (including infection in the incision area, coxa vara, nail withdrawal, nail breakage, blade cut‐out, lower limb vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism) were recorded to evaluate the speed of the operation, the difficulty of the operation, and the prognosis of the patient, respectively. The Harris hip score at 9 months after surgery was used to evaluate the hip recovery.ResultsA total of 52 patients (17 men and 35 women), 61–88 (77.54 ± 7.40) years of age were included in the study. There were 14 patients with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease, ten patients with diabetes, three patients with Parkinson's disease, and three patients with respiratory diseases. The fractures included in the study were classified according to the Orthopedic Trauma Association 31 classification system as type A2.2 (n = 36) or type A2.3 (n = 16). The time from injury to surgery was 1–11 (3.35 ± 1.78) days, and the operation time ranged 31–101 (65.67 ± 14.17) min. The intraoperative blood loss ranged from 40 to 100 (67.69 ± 18.24) mL, and the number of intraoperative fluoroscopy images obtained was 12 to 32 (20.42 ± 5.27). The Harris hip score at 9 months after surgery ranged from 84 to 94 (90.06 ± 2.15). Patients were followed for 9–16 (10.63 ± 1.61) months. One patient died of acute myocardial infarction at 9 months after surgery. One patient suffered from nail withdrawal 5 months post‐operation and thus underwent hemiarthroplasty.ConclusionsSatisfactory reduction can be achieved using a pre‐drilling femoral trochanter combined with a finger reduction tool for the management of difficult‐to‐reduce complex intertrochanteric fractures. This technique does not increase surgical trauma and also reduces the dose of radiation administered to the patient.
Clinical Comparison of the “Windowing” Technique and the “Open Book” Technique in Schatzker Type II Tibial Plateau Fracture
Authors: Ying Jichong , Yu Tianming , Liu Jianlei , Huang Dichao , Yan Hailin , Zhuang Yunqiang 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveSurgical treatment for Schatzker type II tibial plateau fractures remains challenging and requires high‐quality research. The aim of the study is to compare the “windowing” and “open book” techniques for the treatment of Schatzker type II tibial plateau fractures.MethodsIn this prospective study, all patients with Schatzker type II tibial plateau fractures between January 2014 and December 2017 were managed by open reduction and internal fixation using an anterolateral incision approach. “Windowing” group included 78 patients (53 men and 25 women), with an average age of 57.7 ± 13.5 years, who underwent the “windowing” technique, in which the procedure was performed through a small cortical window against the depressed zone of the lateral plateau. The “open book” group included 80 patients (56 men and 24 women), with an average age of 54.8 ± 12.4 years, who underwent the technique. The clinical outcomes included the Rasmussen classification of knee function and grading of post‐traumatic arthritis. The radiographic outcome (x‐ray and computed tomography [CT]) was the reduction quality of the lateral plateau based on the modified Rasmussen radiological assessment. The patient‐reported outcome was visual analogue scale (VAS) scores.ResultsThe mean follow‐up time for the158 patients was 32 months (range, 24–42 months). The time elapsed from injury to surgery in “windowing” group and “open book” group were 3.7 ± 1.2 (range, 1–10 days) and 3.5 ± 1.4 days (range, 1–11 days), respectively, with no significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). The operation times did not differ significantly between the “windowing” group (61.0 ± 8.3 min, range, 45–120 min) and the “open book” group (61.2 ± 10.4 min, range, 40–123 min) (P > 0.05). After surgery, CT revealed five (6.4%) and 15 (18.8%) cases of articular depression in the “windowing” and “open book” groups, respectively. Significant differences were observed in the articular depression of tibial plateau fractures between the groups (P < 0.05). However, condylar widening or valgus/varus did not differ significantly between the groups. Furthermore, no significant differences in knee function were observed during follow‐up (P > 0.05). VAS scores were similar between the groups at 24 months after surgery (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in the number of severe post‐traumatic arthritis (grades 2 and 3) cases between the groups (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe “windowing” and “open book” techniques are both effective for the treatment of Schatzker type II tibial plateau fractures. However, the “windowing” technique provides better reduction quality, leading to a satisfactory prognosis.
Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty for Patients with Prior Hartofilakidis Type C Hip Dysplasia
Authors: Guo Shengjie , Tang Hao , Ma Zhuyi , Huang Yong , Zhou Yixin 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and radiological results of revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with previously diagnosed Hartofilakidis type C hip dysplasia, which is technically challenging and lacks literature.MethodsWe enrolled 20 patients with previously diagnosed Hartofilakidis type C hip dysplasia who underwent revision THA between November 2008 and July 2015 at our hospital. Patients were followed up for an average of 87 months. Data pertaining to the Harris hip score (HHS), modified Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), general satisfaction, and the level of satisfaction related to 16 hip functions or issues experienced after revision THA were collected. The vertical and horizontal center of rotation (COR) of the hips were measured bilaterally based on preoperative and postoperative anteroposterior radiographs. Categorical variables were analyzed by the chi‐square test. Continuous variables were analyzed using the student's t test or non‐parametric Wilcoxon Rank Sum test.ResultsThere were significant postoperative improvements in the HHS (47.4 ± 31.6 vs 70.1 ± 39.0), modified WOMAC (48.5 ± 27.9 vs 75.7 ± 36.8), and the vertical (45.7 ± 33.7 mm vs 21.6 ± 21.8 mm) and horizontal (41.8 ± 17.0 mm vs 31.4 ± 14.7 mm) offset of the COR after revision THA (P < 0.05). Fifteen (75.0%) patients were satisfied with the procedure. The satisfaction rate for each of the 16 items ranged from 45% to 100%. The top three dissatisfactory items were squatting, getting into/out of cars, and leg‐length discrepancy. Postoperatively, dissatisfied patients had a significantly higher visual analogue scale pain score and lower WOMAC pain, HHS pain, WOMAC total, and HHS total scores, a lower satisfaction rate for pain relief, and a higher vertical COR.ConclusionThere is a high rate (25%) of dissatisfaction with the outcome after revision THA for patients with prior Hartofilakidis type C hip dysplasia. The most likely reasons for dissatisfaction were inadequate pain relief and a higher vertical COR measured on radiography.