bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
भारतीय और पाश्चात्य विचारों में पर्यावरणीय बोध
Authors: - डॉ. अनुपम पाठक 
Published: November 2022

आज संपूर्ण विश्व में पर्यावरण अवनयन पर्यावरण असंतुलन जैसे शब्द गंभीर चर्चा का विषय है l इस क्रम में पर्यावरणीय असंतुलन और अवनयन को दूर करने के लिए स्थानीय और अंतरराष्ट्रीय स्तर पर बहुत सारी औपचारिक और अनौपचारिक प्रयास किए जा रहे हैं चाहे वह 1972 का स्टॉकहोम शिखर सम्मेलन हो या 1992 से प्रारंभ हुई पृथ्वी सम्मेलनो श्रंखला सभी प्रयासों का धरातल पर प्रभाव नाममात्र का ही रहा क्योंकि सामान्य जनमानस से पर्यावरण का वास्तविक बोध ही नहीं है l पर्यावरण के संदर्भ में माननीय समझ केवल औपचारिक और उपयोगिता आधारित है वस्तुतः हम समझ ही नहीं पा रहे कि पर्यावरण क्या है l पर्यावरण की संरचना क्रियाशीलता किस प्रकार की है और हमारा पर्यावरण से क्या संबंध है ? आज यदि हम हमारी प्रज्ञा से प्रकृति ,पर्यावरण और मानव के संबंधित समावेशी क्रिया को स्पष्ट नहीं कर पा रहे हैं तो इसके मूल में आज के पर्यावरण के संदर्भ में पश्चात जगत के विचार हैं इसलिए यहां सबसे पहले पर्यावरण बोध को समझना होगा भारतीय और पाश्चात्य विचारों के तुलनात्मक संदर्भ में l
Correlation of clinical manifestation of lumbar disc prolapse with magnetic resonance imaging findings among adult patients
Authors: Hamna Nasir  , Muhammad Usman Sarwar  , Sumair Nasim Qureshi  , Manqoosh-ur-Rehman  , Maqsood Amjad , Saba Saif  
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The most common cause of low back pain is disc prolapse. Disc prolapse occurs in both gender, but females are more prone to disc degenerative changes. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between clinical findings and MRI findings of lumbar disc prolapse patients.
METHODOLOGY: This study recruited 32 participants of either gender, between the ages of 19 to 65, in the Radiology department of Shalamar Hospital. This study was carried out in six months with follow-up. Only diagnosed patients with lumbar disc prolapse on MRI were recruited. NPRS was used to identify the intensity of pain. History and neurological examinations were done in all diagnosed patients. MRI reports of all these patients were reviewed. All these findings of MRI were correlated with the clinical findings at different levels of lumbar vertebrae.
RESULTS: There was a statistically significant positive correlation of MRI findings with clinical findings in the presence of nerve root compression at the L1-L2 level of lumbar vertebrae. All abnormal findings on MRI did not correlate with clinical findings because some patients did not produce symptoms. According to the Pearson coefficient correlation, there was a positive but insignificant (p-value≥0.05) correlation between clinical features (sensations, power and reflexes) and MRI findings at all the levels of lumbar vertebrae except L2 dermatome and myotome.
CONCLUSION: There was a not good correlation between MRI findings and clinical findings of patients with lumbar disc prolapse except L2.
Yelü Chucai’s Movement in the Mongolian Court Described in Yuanshi
Authors: Sletneva Tatiana 
Published: November 2022

This article is about an outstanding political figure Yelü Chucai (1189–1242), who was the main advisor of the Mongol khans. Due to his excellent abilities and skills, he managed to play a significant role at the court of Ögedei Khan (1186–1241), as well as in the elaboration of a tax policy used in Northern China. Yelü Chucai contributed to the creation of a symbiosis of the nomadic Mongolian and sedentary Chinese civilisations that took shape during the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368) in what is modern-day China.
Recipe for Inferring Subsurface Solar Magnetism via Local Mode Coupling Using Slepian Basis Functions
Authors: Bharati Das Srijan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Direct seismic imaging of subsurface flow, sound speed, and magnetic field is crucial for predicting flux-tube emergence on the solar surface, an important ingredient for space weather. The sensitivity of helioseismic mode-amplitude cross-correlation to p- and f-mode oscillations enables formal inversion of such subphotospheric perturbations. It is well known that such problems are written in the form of an integral equation that connects the perturbations to the observations via sensitivity kernels. While the sensitivity kernels for flow and sound speed have been known for decades and have been used extensively, formulating kernels for general magnetic perturbations had been elusive. A recent study proposed sensitivity kernels for Lorentz stresses corresponding to global magnetic fields of general geometry. The present study is devoted to proposing kernels for inferring Lorentz stresses as well as the solenoidal magnetic field in a local patch on the Sun via Cartesian mode coupling. Moreover, for the first time in solar physics, Slepian functions are employed to parameterize perturbations in the horizontal dimension. This is shown to increase the number of data constraints in the inverse problem, implying an increase in the precision of inferred parameters. This paves the path to reliably imaging subsurface solar magnetic features in, e.g., supergranules and (emerging) active regions.
Physical Correlations Lead to Kappa Distributions
Authors: Livadiotis G. , McComas D. J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The recently developed concept of “entropic defect” is important for understanding the foundations of thermodynamics in space plasma physics, and more generally for systems with physical correlations among their particles. Using this concept, this paper derives the basic formulation of the distribution function of velocities (or kinetic energies) in space plasma particle populations. Earlier analyses have shown how the formulation of kappa distributions is interwoven with the presence of correlations among the particles’ velocities. This paper shows, for the first time, that the reverse is true: the thermodynamics of particles’ physical correlations are consistent only with the existence of kappa distributions.
Opérations extérieures : un essai de définition
Authors: Richer Christophe 
Published: November 2022

Résumé Depuis le début des années 2000, la France multiplie les déploiements militaires à l'étranger, désignés sous un vocable unique « opération extérieure » (OPEX). En dépit de l'importance politique, stratégique, militaire et financière de ces opérations, la notion d'OPEX est insuffisamment définie par le droit positif. Par conséquent, il est nécessaire de fournir un effort de définition. Cet article propose trois critères sur lesquels toutes les OPEX reposent : la projection de forces, hors des zones de souveraineté française dans un contexte dégradé. Ces piliers doivent former le tronc commun des définitions. Pour autant, il semble préférable d'abandonner la recherche d'une définition unique au profit d'une diversité de définitions adaptées au cadre d'études dans lequel les OPEX sont envisagées. Sont ici envisagées la question du contrôle politique, la question de la protection sociale et pénale du militaire et enfin celle de la licéité des OPEX entendues comme des conflits armés. Enfin, une définition provisoire est proposée pour le juriste.
La politique européenne de défense à la lumière du CFP 2021-2027 : vers un droit européen de la défense ?
Authors: Saoudi Messaoud 
Published: November 2022

Résumé Le nouveau cadre financier pluriannuel (CFP) 2021-2027 au contraire des précédents prévoit sept et non plus cinq grandes catégories de dépenses ou rubriques dans sa présentation des politiques publiques européennes financées par les États membres. Ces rubriques, correspondant aux priorités et domaines d'action de l'Union européenne (UE), comprennent notamment une nouvelle rubrique 5 intitulée « Résilience, sécurité et défense ». On sait que l'inscription budgétaire et financière d'un domaine d'activité annonce souvent l'émergence d'une politique et donc d'un droit de mise en œuvre de cette politique publique. La guerre en Ukraine déclenchée par la Russie le 24 février 2022 impulse un nouveau plan d'action visant à renforcer la capacité de défense et de sécurité de l'UE d'ici 2030. Approuvée par le Conseil le 21 mars 2022, cette « boussole stratégique » invite l'UE et ses États membres à augmenter leurs dépenses en matière de défense. L'autonomie stratégique européenne doit en effet avoir une traduction budgétaire pour se concrétiser et s'inscrire dans la durée à travers un droit européen de la défense.
Les récifs artificiels, un outil évolutif pour l’aménagement du milieu marin : approche géographique en France métropolitaine
Authors: Salaün Jessica , Pioch Sylvain , Dauvin Jean-Claude 
Published: November 2022

Parmi les outils d’aménagement côtier destinés à la gestion des milieux marins, les récifs artificiels (RA), dont le Japon a initié et généralisé l’utilisation pour le développement des ressources halieutiques dès le xviie, ont été implantés en France métropolitaine pour la première fois en 1968. Depuis, une cinquantaine de projets d’aménagement côtier a vu le jour, dans des contextes territoriaux, environnementaux et socio-économiques, très différents. Fort de ces cinquante années d’expérience, il est proposé une revue des caractéristiques des RA par une approche géographique de leur déploiement en France métropolitaine. D’un point de vue chronologique, trois périodes d’immersion se distinguent : une période propédeutique d’expérimentation des RA, suivi d’une période de multiplication des sites de RA et enfin d’une période d’innovation de l’outil et des usages, poussée par une pression socio-environnementale de protection de la nature. D’un point de vue spatial, ces implantations sont très hétérogènes d’une façade maritime à l’autre, avec une diversité forte en Méditerranée et moindre en Manche. Ces variations peuvent s’expliquer par des rapports culturels à l’environnement divergents, notamment dans les modes de gestion des zones de pêche (telles que les prud’homies en Méditerranée), ou des différences morpho-géologiques des côtes (présence de substrats durs naturels ou d’épaves) et des différences dans les orientations des pêcheries (pêche côtière, hauturière, mono-spécifique, état des stocks des espèces d’intérêt halieutique). D’un point de vue sociogéographique, les immersions de RA ont été initiées pour 70 % des cas par des pêcheurs et cofinancées dans 72 % des cas par les collectivités territoriales à l’échelle régionale. Malgré une absence de planification à l’échelle nationale, les sites de RA en France ont réussi à voir le jour en s’appuyant sur les acteurs territoriaux et locaux. Enfin, cette étude montre comment les RA, en tant qu’outil d’aménagement, créent une dynamique territoriale d’échanges entre les acteurs locaux afin d’assurer une gestion durable et pérenne du territoire marin côtier.
Lower cerebral arterial blood flow is associated with greater serum neurofilament light chain levels in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Jakimovski Dejan , Gibney Brianna L. , Marr Karen , Ramasamy Deepa P. , Dwyer Michael G. , Bergsland Niels , Weinstock-Guttman Bianca , Ramanathan Murali , Zivadinov Robert 
Published: November 2022

Background: Hypoperfusion, vascular pathology, and cardiovascular risk factors are associated with disease severity in multiple sclerosis (MS).1,2 In particular, the total cerebral arterial blood flow (CABF), measured as a sum of all arterial flow in the neck, was associated with the cognitive performance of MS patients.3
Objective: To assess relationships between CABF and serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL), as neuronal damage biomarker with good prognostic value and treatment responsiveness.4 If the cerebrovascular changes are an independent pathophysiological factor in MS, a relationship should remain significant after controlling for common MS-based disease measures (i.e., T2 lesion volume and brain volume).
Materials and methods: Total CABF was measured in 137 patients (86 clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)/relapsing-remitting (RR) and 51 progressive MS (PMS)) and 48 healthy controls (HCs) using Doppler ultrasound. sNfL was quantitated using a single molecule assay (Simoa). Three point zero T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination allowed quantification of T2 lesion and whole-brain volume (WBV). Multiple linear regression models determined the sNfL associated with CABF after correction for demographic and MRI-derived variables.
Results: After adjustment for age, sex and body mass index (BMI), total CABF remained statistically significant and model comparisons showed that CABF explained additional 2.6% of the sNfL variance (β=-0.167, p=0.044). (Table 1) CABF also remained significant in a step-wise regression model (β=0.18, p=0.034) upon the inclusion of T2 lesion burden and WBV effects. The explained sNfL variance improved from 17.4%, 22.7% with the presence of at least 2 CVD variable and 25.8% with both CVD and CABF predictors. Lastly, the disease-modifying therapy was not kept in the final model as an independent predictor of sNfL. Patients in the lowest CABF quartile (CABF≤761 mL/min) had significantly higher sNfL (34.6 pg/mL versus 23.9 pg/mL, adjusted-p=0.042) when compared to the highest quartile (CABF≥1130 mL/min).
Conclusions: Lower CABF is associated with increased sNfL in MS patients, highlighting direct and independent relationship between cerebral hypoperfusion and axonal pathology. This relationship remained significant in the CIS/RRMS after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI effects.
Cyclic inner functions in growth classes and applications to approximation problems
Authors: Malman Bartosz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is well known that for any inner function
$\theta $
defined in the unit disk
$\mathbb {D}$
, the following two conditions: (i) there exists a sequence of polynomials
$\{p_n\}_n$
such that
$\lim _{n \to \infty } \theta (z) p_n(z) = 1$
for all
$z \in \mathbb {D}$
and (ii)
$\sup _n \| \theta p_n \|_\infty < \infty $
, are incompatible, i.e., cannot be satisfied simultaneously. However, it is also known that if we relax the second condition to allow for arbitrarily slow growth of the sequence
$\{ \theta (z) p_n(z)\}_n$
as
$|z| \to 1$
, then condition (i) can be met for some singular inner function. We discuss certain consequences of this fact which are related to the rate of decay of Taylor coefficients and moduli of continuity of functions in model spaces
$K_\theta $
. In particular, we establish a variant of a result of Khavinson and Dyakonov on nonexistence of functions with certain smoothness properties in
$K_\theta $
, and we show that the classical Aleksandrov theorem on density of continuous functions in
$K_\theta $
is essentially optimal. We consider also the same questions in the context of de Branges–Rovnyak spaces
$\mathcal {H}(b)$
and show that the corresponding approximation result also is optimal.
Radio crossmedia y radio híbrida: la nueva forma de informarse y entretenerse en el escenario digital
Authors: Balsebre-Torroja Armand , Ortiz-Sobrino Miguel-Ángel , Soengas-Pérez Xosé 
Published: November 2022

Introducción: Internet ha transformado el escenario mediático y la radio digital es un ejemplo de cómo han afectado los cambios a las estructuras de los diferentes soportes. Desde finales del siglo XX la radio digital convive con la radio por ondas, pero cada vez tienen más presencia las emisiones online. Metodología: Se ha realizado una profunda revisión bibliográfica y de informes de expertos (RAJAR), incluida una observación de la oferta de principales cadenas radiofónicas y la audiencia según el EGM. Resultados: El nuevo escenario, que tiene una dimensión multimedia y transmedia, se caracteriza por unos formatos, lenguajes y contenidos muy diferentes a los tradicionales, acordes con las exigencias de una audiencia cada vez más fragmentada. Los dispositivos móviles han permitido acercarse a nuevos sectores de la audiencia para dar respuesta a los nuevos hábitos de consumo gracias al streaming y al podcasting, que modificaron las formas de acceso a los contenidos. Este contexto multiplataforma, es necesario redefinir qué es radio, algo sobre lo que no existe un consenso en el mundo académico, científico y profesional. La audiencia está inmersa en un proceso de cambio constante y los contenidos tienen que adaptarse a las necesidades de los usuarios (crossmedia). Conclusiones y discusión: Los nuevos hábitos de escucha que genera la convergencia mediática exigen repensar la forma de medir el consumo radiofónico, tanto en las emisoras convencionales como en las plataformas online, para conocer con precisión las necesidades de los ciudadanos y darles una respuesta adecuada. Y también urge adaptar los perfiles profesionales a la realidad actual.
Effects of Different Methods and Genomic Relationship Matrices on Reliabilities of Genomic Selection in Dairy Cattle
Authors: KASAKOLU Anıl , KONCAGÜL Seyrani 
Published: November 2022

Since genomic prediction is widely used in dairy cattle, we aimed to evaluate the performance of pedigree based (ABLUP), SNP based (GBLUP) and single-step GBLUP (ss-GBLUP) methods with different sets of information in terms of reliability of genomic prediction. Four different methods were evaluated: (Method 1) ABLUP with all available phenotypes and pedigree; (Method 2) GBLUP with SNP genotypes and phenotypes of genotyped cows; (Method 3) single-step GBLUP with SNP genotypes, phenotypes of genotyped cows and all pedigree and (Method 4) single-step GBLUP with SNP genotypes, all phenotypes of both genotyped and nongenotyped cows and all pedigree. SNP based methods also used different genomic relationship matrices (GRMs) formed by different approaches: vanRaden, Astle, Yang and Endelman. The simulated dataset replicates a common dairy cattle population.
A significant increase in reliability of prediction was observed in ss-GBLUP with all phenotypes and pedigree beside genotyped cows. This increase was apparent for both first lactation milk yield (LMY) and milk fat percentage (Fat%). Combining all available information with ss-GBLUP gave about 1.6 and 1.2 times higher reliabilities for LMY and Fat%, respectively, compared to those obtained from the other three methods.
Test the Potential of Macadamia Nut Oil (Macadamia F. Muell) As Sunscreen in Cream Preparations In Vitro
Authors: Ulandari Natasia Yessy , Wahyuni Nasution Sri , Suci Tri 
Published: November 2022

Background: Sunlight has a beneficial effect by activating provitamin D3 found in the epidermis of the skin to become vitamin D3. However, excessive sun exposure can also have detrimental effects, especially on the skin. Macadamia nut oil contains vitamin E (tocotrienols and tocopherols) which are natural antioxidants. Macadamia nut oil also contains linoleic acid which is great for softening the skin, regenerating skin cells, moisturizing the skin, and is a natural anti-inflammatory. and helps restore skin barrier function and reduce transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Objectives: To determine whether there is a sunscreen potential from macadamia nut oil, the difference in the SPF value is significant between cream preparations with the addition of macadamia nut oil in various concentrations and to determine the sunscreen category of each macadamia nut oil formulation. Methods: This research was carried out experimentally, including the preparation of macadamia nut oil lotion, pH test, irritation test, and in vitro determination of the SPF (sun protection factor) number using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Results: The addition of macadamia nut oil combined with oxybenzone and octylmetoxycinamate in cream preparations has an average SPF value of F1 (blank) of 9.97; F2 (blank + 2% oxybenzone + 5% octyl methoxycinamate) of 23.14; F3 (1% macadamia nut oil) of 29.39; F4 (5% macadamia nut oil) of 32.99; and F5 (10% macadamia nut oil) of 37.59. The addition of macadamia nut oil in various concentrations gave a significant difference in increasing the SPF value between each formula combined with oxybenzone and octylmetoxycinamate. Conclusion: The addition of macadamia nut oil can increase the effectiveness of the combination oxybenzone and octylmetoxycinamate sunscreen in cream preparations.
Glacial lake outburst flood hazard under current and future conditions: worst-case scenarios in a transboundary Himalayan basin
Authors: Allen Simon K. , Sattar Ashim , King Owen , Zhang Guoqing , Bhattacharya Atanu , Yao Tandong , Bolch Tobias 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are a major concern throughout High Mountain Asia, where societal impacts can extend far downstream. This is
particularly true for transboundary Himalayan basins, where risks are expected to further increase as new lakes develop. Given the need for
anticipatory approaches to disaster risk reduction, this study aims to demonstrate how the threat from a future lake can be feasibly assessed
alongside that of worst-case scenarios from current lakes, as well as how this information is relevant for disaster risk management. We have focused on two previously identified dangerous lakes (Galongco and Jialongco), comparing the timing and magnitude of simulated worst-case outburst events from these lakes both in the Tibetan town of Nyalam and downstream at the border with Nepal. In addition, a future scenario has been assessed, whereby an avalanche-triggered GLOF was simulated for a potential large new lake forming upstream of Nyalam. Results show that large (>20×106 m3) rock and/or ice avalanches could generate GLOF discharges at the border with Nepal that are more than 15 times larger than what has been observed previously or anticipated based on more gradual breach simulations. For all assessed lakes, warning times in Nyalam would be only 5–11 min and 30 min at the border. Recent remedial measures undertaken to lower the water level at Jialongco would have little influence on downstream impacts resulting from a very large-magnitude GLOF, particularly in Nyalam where there has been significant development of infrastructure directly within the high-intensity flood zone. Based on these findings, a comprehensive approach to disaster risk management is called for, combining early warning systems with effective land use zoning and programmes to build local response capacities. Such approaches would address the current drivers of GLOF risk in the basin while remaining robust in the face of worst-case, catastrophic outburst events that become more likely under a warming climate.