bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH JUMLAH MASSA UMPAN SEKAM PADI TERHADAP KUALITAS ASAP CAIR PADA PROSES PIROLISIS
Authors: Nasywa Jazilah , Sa’diyah Khalimatus 
Published: September 2022

Pemanfaatan sekam padi di Indonesia sampai saat ini masih rendah. Padahal kandungan pada limbah sekam padi seperti selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin yang cukup tinggi dapat menghasilkan asap cair melalui proses pirolisis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh jumlah massa umpan sekam padi terhadap kualitas asap cair pada proses pirolisis. Pembuatan asap cair dilakukan di dalam reaktor pirolisis dengan kapasitas 5 kg. Sekam padi kering yang ukurannya sudah dikecilkan hingga kurang lebih 100 mesh. Variasi jumlah massa umpan yang digunakan adalah 250 g, 500 g, 750 g, dan 1000 g. Proses pirolisis dilakukan selama 30 menit dengan suhu ±400oC. Produk asap yang keluar dari reaktor pirolisis akan melewati kondensor tingkat atas dan kondensor tingkat bawah terlebih dahulu, kemudian hasil kondensasi akan ditampung sebagai asap cair. Hasil analisis yang dilakukan pada asap cair tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan jumlah massa umpan sekam padi memberi pengaruh nyata terhadap densitas, pH, dan yield. Jumlah massa umpan 250 g memberikan kualitas asap cair terbaik yang sesuai dengan standar mutu asap cair Jepang di antara jumlah massa umpan lainnya, dengan nilai densitas yang didapatkan adalah 1,0638 g/mL, pH sebesar 3, dan yield sebesar 31%.
TRoponin of Unknown origin in STroke evaluated by multi-component cardiac Magnetic resonance Imaging – The TRUST-MI study
Authors: Mengel Annerose , Nenova Lilyana , Müller Karin A. L. , Poli Sven , Kowarik Markus C. , Feil Katharina , Mizera Lars , Geisler Tobias , Kübler Jens , Mahrholdt Heiko , Ernemann Ulrike , Hennersdorf Florian , Ziemann Ulf , Nikolaou Konstantin , Gawaz Meinrad , Krumm Patrick , Greulich Simon 
Published: September 2022

AimsIncreased high-sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) levels are common in patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, only a minority demonstrates culprit lesions on coronary angiography, suggesting other mechanisms, e.g., inflammation, as underlying cause of myocardial damage. Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE)-cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with mapping techniques [T1, T2, extracellular volume (ECV)] allow the detection of both focal and diffuse myocardial abnormalities. We investigated the prevalence of culprit lesions by coronary angiography and myocardial tissue abnormalities by a comprehensive CMR protocol in troponin-positive stroke patients.Methods and resultsPatients with troponin-positive acute ischemic stroke and no history of coronary artery disease were prospectively enrolled. Coronary angiography and CMR (LGE, T1 + T2 mapping, ECV) were performed within the first days of the acute stroke. Twenty-five troponin-positive patients (mean age 62 years, 44% females) were included. 2 patients (8%) had culprit lesions on coronary angiography and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. 13 patients (52%) demonstrated LGE: (i) n = 4 ischemic, (ii) n = 4 non-ischemic, and (iii) n = 5 ischemic AND non-ischemic. In the 12 LGE-negative patients, mapping revealed diffuse myocardial damage in additional 9 (75%) patients, with a high prevalence of increased T2 values.ConclusionsOur data show a low prevalence of culprit lesions in troponin-positive stroke patients. However, &gt; 50% of the patients demonstrated myocardial scars (ischemic + non-ischemic) by LGE-CMR. Mapping revealed additional myocardial abnormalities (mostly inflammatory) in the majority of LGE-negative patients. Therefore, a comprehensive CMR protocol gives important insights in the etiology of troponin which might have implications for the further work-up of troponin-positive stroke patients.
Is depression the contraindication of anterior cervical decompression and fusion for cervical spondylosis?
Authors: Chen Xiaolu , Li Xiao , Gan Yu , Lu Ying , Tian Yu , Fu Yixiao , Yang Hanjie , Liu Ke , Pan Yinlian , Du Xing 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether depression is the contraindication of anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) for cervical spondylosis.Material and methodsPatients with single-segment cervical spondylosis who underwent ACDF from January 2015 to December 2018 in our department were retrospectively included in this study and divided into two groups. Patients who were diagnosed of depression and prescribed with antidepressant drugs for at least 6 months before surgery were included in the intervention group. Patients without depression were included in the control group. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score was used to evaluate the severity of depression. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, Japanese Orthopeadic Association (JOA) score, Neck Disability Index (NDI), and the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were recorded as indexes to assess the pain, cervical spine function, degree of cervical spine injury, and life quality, respectively. The operative time, operative blood loss, hospital stay and complications were also recorded and compared.ResultsA total of 117 patients were included in this study, involving 32 patients in the intervention group and 85 patients in the control group. No significant differences were found in operative time, operative blood loss, hospital stay and complications between the two groups (P&gt;0.05). The BDI score, VAS score, JOA score, NDI, SF-36 physical component score (SF-36 PCS) and SF-36 mental component score (SF-36 MCS) were all significantly improved at last follow-up in both the two groups. The intervention group showed higher BDI score and SF-36 MCS than the control group at both preoperative and the last follow-up (P&lt;0.05), and the improvements of BDI score and SF-36 MCS were also higher in the intervention group (P&lt;0.05). Although the intervention group showed higher VAS score, NDI, SF-36 PCS and lower JOA score at preoperative and last follow-up, respectively (P&lt;0.05), there were no significant differences in the improvements of these indexes between the two group (P&gt;0.05).ConclusionsDepression is not the contraindication of ACDF for cervical spondylosis. Depression patients who received preoperative antidepressants can achieve similar improvement of clinical symptoms from ACDF with non-depression patients.
Higher maternal thyroid resistance indices were associated with increased neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone— analyses based on the Huizhou mother-infant cohort
Authors: Li Shuyi , Wu Yi , Zhang Su-juan , Li Guoyi , Xiang Yu Tao , Zhang Wei-zhong , Pan Wen-jing , Chen Wei-qing , Hao Yuan-tao , Ling Wen-hua , Liu Zhao-min 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the relationship of maternal thyroid function and thyroid resistance parameters with neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).MethodsThis work was a longitudinal study. Singleton pregnant women without a history of thyroid disorders were recruited in their first prenatal visit from October 2018 to June 2020. Maternal thyroid markers including TSH, free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and neonatal TSH were tested in the clinical laboratory of the hospital by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Thyroid resistance indices including Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI), TSH index (TSHI), and thyrotroph T4 resistance index (TT4RI) were estimated in accordance with maternal FT4 and TSH levels. Multivariable linear and logistic regression was applied to explore the associations of maternal thyroid indices with infantile TSH level.ResultsA total of 3,210 mothers and 2,991 newborns with valid TSH data were included for analysis. Multivariable linear regression indicated that maternal thyroid variables were significantly and positively associated with neonatal TSH levels with standardized coefficients of 0.085 for TSH, 0.102 for FT3, 0.100 for FT4, 0.076 for TSHI, 0.087 for TFQI, and 0.089 for TT4RI (all P &lt; 0.001). Compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of TSHI [odds ratio (OR) = 1.590, 95% CI: 0.928–2.724; Ptrend = 0.025], TFQI (OR = 1.746, 95% CI: 1.005–3.034; Ptrend = 0.016), and TT4RI (OR = 1.730, 95% CI: 1.021–2.934; Ptrend = 0.030) were significantly associated with an increased risk of elevated neonatal TSH (&gt;5 mIU/L) in a dose–response manner.ConclusionThe longitudinal data demonstrated that maternal thyroid resistance indices and thyroid hormones in the first half of gestation were positively associated with neonatal TSH levels. The findings offered an additionally practical recommendation to improve the current screening algorithms for congenital hypothyroidism.
The association between alteration of maternal lipid levels and birthweight at term: A within-family comparison
Authors: Chen Qinqing , Chen Huiqi , Wang Minmin , Qiu Liping , Xi Fangfang , Jiang Ying , Lv Min , Huang He-Feng , Luo Qiong 
Published: September 2022

ContextMaternal lipid levels affect birthweight and the long-term health of the offsprings. However, this association could be influenced by genetic and other common factors.ObjectiveThis work aimed to explore the relationship between maternal lipid levels and birthweight of two pregnancies in the same mother.MethodsIn this population-based cohort study, 705 women and their 1 410 offsprings were included. From an initial sample of women with more than one singleton birth in the database, we made the following exclusions: missing data for pre-pregnancy BMI, pregnancy weight gain, birthweight and lipid values; maternal age less than 19 or older than 44 years old; gestational age &lt; 37 weeks or &gt; 41weeks, gestational diabetes mellitus/diabetic. In the second and third trimesters, serum samples were collected for the determination of fasting total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Then we assessed the association between maternal lipids and birthweight.ResultsInfants of women whose 2nd-trimester TC increased by 10th-20th percentile (-0.92~-0.56 mmol/L) from 1st to 2nd pregnancy were 239.69 (62.32~417.06) g lighter at birth than were infants of women those of 40th-50th percentile (-0.20~-0.03 mmol/L). Parity, gestational age, neonatal gender, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, maternal weight gain, and 3rd-trimester TC and HDL-C were all associated with higher birth weight. Every unit increase in TC in the third trimester increases birthweight by 53.13 (14.32 ~91.94) g.ConclusionMaternal TC level is associated with birthweight independent of shared genes. TC may be used to guide diet and predict birthweight combined with ultrasound and other indicators.
Optimization approach for bioethanol production from agro-industrial waste
Authors: Murillo-Alvarado Pascual Eduardo , Flores Russell Ernesto 
Published: September 2022

Seeking energy alternatives that are friendly to the environment without compromising the growth of society is becoming more widespread. Biofuels from biomass processing are a promising path toward the development of a biomass industry and the early replacement of fossil fuels. The purpose of this work is to determine the feasibility of generating biofuels through the use of agro-industrial waste through a mathematical model for the optimization of the supply chain for the production of biofuels from waste generated by the food processors in the municipality of Zamora, Michoacán, Mexico. This case study considers the available raw material, waste from the food industries, the period of time in which these are available, as well as the possible places for processing and obtaining biofuels. The results establish that it is possible to obtain 7.27 × 107 l/year of bioethanol through the processing of 3.27 × 106 tons/year of organic waste, which generates a profit of 4.37 × 107 USD/year.
Impact of breeding for reduced methane emissions in New Zealand sheep on maternal and health traits
Authors: Hickey Sharon M. , Bain Wendy E. , Bilton Timothy P. , Greer Gordon J. , Elmes Sara , Bryson Brooke , Pinares-Patiño Cesar S. , Wing Janine , Jonker Arjan , Young Emily A. , Knowler Kevin , Pickering Natalie K. , Dodds Ken G. , Janssen Peter H. , McEwan John C. , Rowe Suzanne J. 
Published: September 2022

Enteric methane emissions from ruminants account for ∼35% of New Zealand’s greenhouse gas emissions. This poses a significant threat to the pastoral sector. Breeding has been shown to successfully lower methane emissions, and genomic prediction for lowered methane emissions has been introduced at the national level. The long-term genetic impacts of including low methane in ruminant breeding programs, however, are unknown. The success of the New Zealand sheep industry is currently heavily reliant on the prolificacy, fecundity and survival of adult ewes. The objective of this study was to determine genetic and phenotypic correlations between adult maternal ewe traits (live weight, body condition score, number of lambs born, litter survival to weaning, pregnancy scanning and fleece weight), faecal andNematodirusegg counts and measures of methane in respiration chambers. More than 9,000 records for methane from over 2,200 sheep measured in respiration chambers were collected over 10 years. Sheep were fed on a restricted diet calculated as approximately twice the maintenance. Methane measures were converted to absolute daily emissions of methane measured in g per day (CH4/day). Two measures of methane yield were recorded: the ratio of CH4to dry matter intake (g CH4/kg DMI; CH4/DMI) and the ratio of CH4to total gas emissions (CH4/(CH4+ CO2)). Ewes were maintained in the flocks for at least two parities. Non-methane trait data from over 8,000 female relatives were collated to estimate genetic correlations. Results suggest that breeding for low CH4/DMI is unlikely to negatively affect faecal egg counts, adult ewe fertility and litter survival traits, with no evidence for significant genetic correlations. Fleece weight was unfavourably (favourably) correlated with CH4/DMI (rg= −0.21 ± 0.09). Live weight (rg= 0.3 ± 0.1) and body condition score (rg= 0.2 ± 0.1) were positively correlated with methane yield. Comparing the two estimates of methane yield, CH4/DMI had lower heritability and repeatability. However, correlations of both measures with adult ewe traits were similar. This suggests that breeding is a suitable mitigation strategy for lowering methane yield, but wool, live weight and fat deposition traits may be affected over time and should be monitored.
White matter tracts involved in subcortical unilateral spatial neglect in subacute stroke
Authors: Cha Seungwoo , Jeong ByeongChang , Choi Myungwon , Kwon Sohyun , Lee Stephanie Hyeyoung , Paik Nam-Jong , Kim Won-Seok , Han Cheol E. 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundUnilateral spatial neglect (USN) is common and associated with poor motor and cognitive outcomes as well as impaired quality of life following stroke. Traditionally, the neural substrates underlying USN have been thought to be cortical areas, such as the posterior parietal cortex. However, patients with stroke involving only subcortical structures may also present with USN. While only a few studies have reported on USN in subcortical stroke, the involvement of white matter tracts related to brain networks of visuospatial attention is one possible explanation for subcortical neglect. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate which specific white matter tracts are neural substrates for USN in patients with subcortical stroke.MethodsTwenty-two patients with subcortical stroke without cortical involvement who were admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were retrospectively enrolled. Nine subjects were subclassified into a “USN(+)” group, as they had at least two positive results on three tests (the Schenkenberg line bisection test, Albert's test, and house drawing test) and a score of 1 or higher on the Catherine Bergego scale. The remaining 13 subjects without abnormalities on those tests were subclassified into the “USN(–)” group. Stroke lesions on MRI were manually drawn using MRIcron software. Lesion overlapping and atlas-based analyses of MRI images were conducted. The correlation was analyzed between the overlapped lesion volumes with white matter tracts and the severity of USN (in the Albert test and the Catherine Bergego scale).ResultsLesions were more widespread in the USN(+) group than in the USN(–) group, although their locations in the right hemisphere were similar. The atlas-based analyses identified that the right cingulum in the cingulate cortex, the temporal projection of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, and the forceps minor significantly overlapped with the lesions in the USN(+) group than in the USN(–) group. The score of the Catherine Bergego scale correlated with the volume of the involved white matter tracts.ConclusionIn this study, white matter tracts associated with USN were identified in patients with subcortical stroke without any cortical involvement. Our study results, along with previous findings on subcortical USN, support that USN may result from damage to white matter pathways.
The effects of a 6-week controlled, hypocaloric ketogenic diet, with and without exogenous ketone salts, on cognitive performance and mood states in overweight and obese adults
Authors: Kackley Madison L. , Brownlow Milene L. , Buga Alex , Crabtree Chris D. , Sapper Teryn N. , O’Connor Annalouise , Volek Jeff S. 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundKetogenic diets are a commonly used weight loss method, but little is known how variations in sodium content and ketones influence cognition and mood during the early keto-adaptation period.ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of an exogenous ketone salt (KS) as part of a hypocaloric KD on mood and cognitive outcomes in overweight and obese adults. A secondary objective was to evaluate changes in biochemical markers associated with inflammatory and cognitive responses.Materials and methodsAdults who were overweight or obese participated in a 6-week controlled-feeding intervention comparing hypocaloric diets (∼75% of energy expenditure). KD groups received twice daily ketone salt (KD + KS; n = 12) or a flavor-matched placebo, free of minerals (KD + PL; n = 13). A separate group of age and BMI matched adults were later assigned to an isoenergetic low-fat diet (LFD; n = 12) as comparison to KD. Mood was assessed by shortened Profile of Mood States and Visual Analog Mood Scale surveys. Cognitive function was determined by the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics mental test battery.ResultsBoth KD groups achieved nutritional ketosis. Fasting serum glucose decreased in both KD groups, whereas glucose was unaffected in the LFD. Insulin decreased at week 2 and remained lower in all groups. At week 2, depression scores in the KD + PL group were higher compared to KD + KS. Performance in the math processing and go/no-go cognitive tests were lower for KD + PL and LFD participants, respectively, compared to KD + KS. Serum leptin levels decreased for all groups throughout the study but were higher for KD + KS group at week 6. Serum TNF-α steadily increased for LFD participants, reaching significance at week 6.ConclusionDuring a short-term hypocaloric diet, no indication of a consistent decline in mood or cognitive function were seen in participants following either KD, despite KD + PL being relatively low in sodium. WK2 scores of “anger” and “depression” were higher in the LFD and KD + PL groups, suggesting that KS may attenuate negative mood parameters during the early intervention stages.
Longitudinal association of dietary acid load with kidney function decline in an older adult population with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Valle-Hita Cristina , Becerra-Tomás Nerea , Díaz-López Andrés , Vázquez-Ruiz Zenaida , Megías Isabel , Corella Dolores , Goday Albert , Martínez J. Alfredo , Alonso-Gómez Ángel M. , Wärnberg Julia , Vioque Jesús , Romaguera Dora , López-Miranda José , Estruch Ramon , Tinahones Francisco J. , Lapetra José , Serra-Majem Lluís , Bueno-Cavanillas Aurora , Tur Josep A. , Martín-Sánchez Vicente , Pintó Xavier , Gaforio José J. , Matía-Martín Pilar , Vidal Josep , Amengual-Galbarte Angela , Daimiel Lidia , Ros Emilio , García-Arellano Ana , Barragán Rocío , Fitó Montse , Peña-Orihuela Patricia J. , Asencio-Aznar Alberto , Gómez-Gracia Enrique , Martinez-Urbistondo Diego , Morey Marga , Casas Rosa , Garrido-Garrido Eva María , Tojal-Sierra Lucas , Damas-Fuentes Miguel , Goñi Estibaliz , Ortega-Azorín Carolina , Castañer Olga , Garcia-Rios Antonio , Gisbert-Sellés Cristina , Sayón-Orea Carmen , Schröder Helmut , Salas-Salvadó Jordi , Babio Nancy 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundDiets high in acid load may contribute to kidney function impairment. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary acid load and 1-year changes in glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR).MethodsOlder adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome (mean age 65 ± 5 years, 48% women) from the PREDIMED-Plus study who had available data on eGFR (n = 5,874) or UACR (n = 3,639) at baseline and after 1 year of follow-up were included in this prospective analysis. Dietary acid load was estimated as potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) at baseline from a food frequency questionnaire. Linear and logistic regression models were fitted to evaluate the associations between baseline tertiles of dietary acid load and kidney function outcomes. One year-changes in eGFR and UACR were set as the primary outcomes. We secondarily assessed ≥ 10% eGFR decline or ≥10% UACR increase.ResultsAfter multiple adjustments, individuals in the highest tertile of PRAL or NEAP showed higher one-year changes in eGFR (PRAL, β: –0.64 ml/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI: –1.21 to –0.08 and NEAP, β: –0.56 ml/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI: –1.13 to 0.01) compared to those in the lowest category. No associations with changes in UACR were found. Participants with higher levels of PRAL and NEAP had significantly higher odds of developing ≥10% eGFR decline (PRAL, OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.07–1.54 and NEAP, OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.03–1.50) and ≥10 % UACR increase (PRAL, OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.04–1.46) compared to individuals with lower dietary acid load.ConclusionsHigher PRAL and NEAP were associated with worse kidney function after 1 year of follow-up as measured by eGFR and UACR markers in an older Spanish population with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome.