bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sentiment Analysis of Arabic Reviews Using a Hybrid Clustering Technique
Authors: Alweshah Mohammed , Alahmed Omar , Alkhalaileh Saleh , Almiani Muder , Bakar Azuraliza Abu , RidzwanYaakub Mohd 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sentiment analysis (SA) is the process of assessing the sentiment and attitude of digital audiences toward a range of topics and subjects. The aim of this research is to propose an effective approach for finding good-quality solutions for dialectal Arabic SA problems by addressing inherent challenges in an optimal way. This is achieved by determining the polarities of review texts by using the k-means clustering algorithm in a lexicon-based model and also applying a ML model where necessary in a hybrid approach. In this research, a sentiment lexicon (senti-lexicon) corpus of 3,824 positive and negative words/terms is used in a deep feature extraction process to convert the text into feature vectors. The experimental results showed that the k-means clustering model worked better after separating the observations with relative score values and moving them to be classified using the lexicon-based model. The k-means clustering model part of the hybrid model yielded high-performance results in terms of accuracy, recall, and F1 score metrics, especially in the positive and negative score value features and total score. Each technique has shortcomings, the hybrid model; as the results that are shared will represent; prove that it is an ideal and more flexible solution and approach to conducting SA in an effective and self-improving manner.
University midwifery educators’ capacity to teach Emergency Obstetrics and Newborn Care within the updated pre-service curriculum in Kenya: Before-After study
Authors: Shikuku Duncan N. , Jebet Joyce , Nandikove Peter , Tallam Edna , Ogoti Evans , Nyaga Lucy , Mutsi Hellen , Bashir Issak , Okoro Dan , Zeev Sarah Bar , Ameh Charles 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
International Confederation of Midwives and World Health Organization recommend core competencies for midwifery educators for effective theory and practical teaching and practice. Deficient curricula and lack of skilled midwifery educators are important factors affecting the quality of graduates from midwifery programmes. The study objective was to assess the capacity of university midwifery educators to deliver the updated competency-based curriculum after the capacity strengthening workshop in Kenya.
Methods
The study used a quasi-experimental (before-after) design. A four-day training to strengthen the capacity of educators to deliver emergency obstetrics and newborn care (EmONC) within the updated curriculum was conducted for 30 midwifery educators from 27 universities in Kenya. Before-after training assessments in knowledge, two EmONC skills and self-perceived confidence in using different teaching methodologies to deliver the competency-based curricula were conducted. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the before-after knowledge and skills mean scores. McNemar test was used to compare differences in the proportion of educators’ self-reported confidence in applying the different teaching pedagogies. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Findings
Thirty educators (7 males and 23 females) participated, of whom only 11 (37%) had participated in a previous hands-on basic EmONC training – with 10 (91%) having had the training over two years beforehand. Performance mean scores increased significantly for knowledge (60.3% − 88. %), shoulder dystocia management (51.4% – 88.3%), newborn resuscitation (37.9% − 89.1%), and overall skill score (44.7% − 88.7%), p < 0.0001. The proportion of educators with confidence in using different stimulatory participatory teaching methods increased significantly for simulation (36.7% – 70%, p = 0.006), scenarios (53.3% – 80%, p = 0.039) and peer teaching and support (33.3% – 63.3%, p = 0.022). There was improvement in use of lecture method (80% – 90%, p = 0.289), small group discussions (73.3% – 86.7%, p = 0.344) and giving effective feedback (60% – 80%, p = 0.146), although this was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Training improved midwifery educators’ knowledge, skills and confidence to deliver the updated EmONC-enhanced curriculum. To ensure that midwifery educators maintain their competence, there is need for structured regular mentoring and continuous professional development. Besides, there is need to cascade the capacity strengthening to reach more midwifery educators for a competent midwifery workforce.
Modeling and Prediction of Land use Land Cover Change using Land Change Modeler in Suluh River Basin , Northern Highland of Ethiopia.
Authors: Entahabu Hailay Hagos , Minale Amare Sewnet , Hizikias Emiru Birhane 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Land use, land cover change has been known globally as an essential driver of environmental change. The study focuses on modeling and prediction of land use, land cover using land change modeler in Suluh river basin. Landsat images and other ancillary data sources were used to achieve the objectives. Nearest neighbor fuzzy classification was performed in eCognition Developer 9.2 to classify images. Change detection and modeling was performed in IDRISI selva 17.3 software. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.
Result
The finding confirmed that Bar land by 10.6%, built up land by 29.4% and cultivated land by 65.4% were rapidly expanding in the face of an overall decline of the forest land by 97.2%, grazing land by 89.8%, plantation land by 89.1% shrub-bush land by 1.5% and water body by 84.8% during 1990 to 2002. And, if business as usual is continued, land use/land cover changes will be expected to continue in 2028 and 2048 periods.
Conclusion
If the model predictions hold; in the coming 2028 and 2048, bar land, built up land, and cultivated land will be shown an increase on the expense of water body, forest, shrub-bush and plantation land. Rainfall, slope, elevation, distance to rivers, distance to roads, distance towns and population density were identified the prominent LULC change drivers in the study area. This will increase vulnerability of the watershed to soil erosion and soil macro fauna loss of the studied river basin in particular and the Tekeze basin in general. Therefore, suitable and timely management measures must be taken by policy decision makers to enable sustainable development and to protect the river basin in order to reduce the severity of the changes.
A Sentence retrieval generation network guided video captioning
Authors: Ye Ou , Wang Mimi , Yu Zhenhua , Fu Yan , Yi Shun , Deng Jun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
At present, the video captioning models based on an encoder-decoder mainly rely on a single video input source. The contents of video captioning are limited since few studies employed external corpus information to guide the generation of video captioning, which is not conducive to the accurate description and understanding of video contents. To address this issue, this work proposes a novel video captioning method guided by a sentence retrieval generation network (ED-SRG). First, we integrate a ResNeXt network model, an efficient convolutional network for online video understanding (ECO) model and a long short-term memory (LSTM) network model to construct an encoder-decoder, which are utilized to extract the 2D features, 3D features and object features of video data respectively. These features are decoded to generate textual sentences that conform to video contents for sentence retrieval. Then, a sentence-transformer network model is employed to retrieve different sentences in an external corpus that are semantically similar to the textual sentences, and the candidate sentences are screened out through similarity measurement. Finally, a novel GPT-2 network model is constructed based on GPT-2 network structure. The model introduces a designed random selector to randomly select predicted words with a high probability of appearance in the corpus, which is used to guide and generate textual sentences that are more in line with human natural language expressions. The experiments on common datasets MSVD and MSR-VTT in comparison with some existing works demonstrate that our proposed method can generate sentences with richer semantics and the performance of our method is better than several state-of-the art approaches.
Solubility and Dissolution Study by Applying the Fusion Method of Solid Dispersion, the Hydrophobic Drugs Glimepiride Solubility is Improved
Authors: joshi Poonam , Gairola Nidhi , Jakhmola Vikas , Kothari Sunil , Morris Srishti 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Glimepiride is a member of the third generation of sulfonylureas used to treat diabetes mellitus. Even though glimepiride has moderate water solubility, its slow rate of dissolution means that it only completely dissolves in the intestines, resulting in subtherapeutic plasma drug levels and, occasionally, an unanticipated clinical reaction. The goal of this research was to enhance the drug's solubility, rate of dissolution, and biological performance. The best glimepiride solid dispersion (SDs) formulation was then employed to create SDs tablets by blending the medication with the water-soluble polymers HPMC, PEG 4000, and GUM KARAYA. The formulations for the capsules were made using the capsule filling process. In addition to FTIR, XRD, and SEM examinations of SDs, there were in vitro dissolving tests. For SDs made with the fusion process, the best dissolving profile was 1:5 ratio of drug to HPMC, PEG 4000, and GUM KARAYA polymer. For capsule formulations, the best dissolving profile was 1:2 ratio of HPMC. Results showed that the promising polymer, HPMC, enhanced glimepiride's solubility. The capsules were produced and then processed according to standard pharmacopeial guidelines. Scientists found no evidence of drug-polymer interaction in stability or FT-IR studies.
A systematic comparison of pan-Trk immunohistochemistry assays across multiple cancer types
Authors: Haberecker Martina , Töpfer Antonia , Malega Francesca , Moch Holger , Pauli Chantal 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
NTRK-rearranged tumors are rare but can be successfully treated using anti-TRK–targeted therapies making NTRK testing important for treatment choices in patients with advanced cancers. Pan-Trk immunohistochemistry (IHC) has become a valuable and affordable screening tool, but the choice of antibodies and IHC protocols to investigate biomarkers is not standardized. As NTRK fusion-positive tumors are rare, systematic technical studies are sparse. Pan-Trk IHC has been reported as a fast technique for the identification of NTRK fusion driven tumors, with a reported sensitivity of about 85–90% with differences depending on which NTRK gene is involved. Furthermore, antibody specificity seems to be dependent on tumor type. In this work, we studied the intermethod agreement for four pan-Trk IHC methods, using three different clones: EPR17341 (Abcam and Ventana), EP1058Y (Abcam), A7H6R (Cell Signaling) in 18 molecularly confirmed NTRK-rearranged tumors. We further included NTRK mutated (n = 8) and amplified (N = 15) tumors as well as NTRK wild type tumors driven by other gene fusions such as ALK, ROS1 and BCOR (n = 20) and salivary gland tumors (n = 16). Among 77 tumors, pan-Trk IHC was classified as positive using an H score ≥ 5. The overall sensitivity and specificity to separate NTRK-rearranged tumors from NTRK fusion-negative tumors was 100% and 73.8%, respectively, for clone EPR17341 using an in house and the Ventana protocol. For clone A7H6R (in house protocol) we had 93.8% sensitivity and 80.3% specificity and clone EP1058Y (in house protocol) showed 73.3% sensitivity and 32.8% specificity. EPR17341 (both protocols) and A7H6R clones showed also a good interrater agreement in terms of H-score (κ = from 0.936 to 0.956) but only a moderate agreement against the reference assay (molecular data) considering positive and negative results (κ = from 0.593 to 0.591). We identified clones and assays/protocol that can be reliably used by pathologist for the screening of NTRK rearranged tumors.
Synthesis and initial in vitro evaluation of PSMA-targeted ligands with optimized structural motifs.
Authors: Uspenskaya Anastasia , Nimenko Ekaterina , Shafikov Radik , Zyk Nikolay , Evteev Sergei , Dashkova Natalia , Ivanenkov Yan , Majouga Alexander , Skvortsov Dmitry , Garanina Anastasiia , Beloglazkina Elena , Machulkin Aleksei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An improved series of ligands targeting prostatic specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been reported. Varying compounds and their biological parameters were due to changes in the linker structure. Highly selective compounds with nanomolar IC50 values were obtained. As an example, a conjugate with Sulfo-Cy5 and MMAE was obtained and pre-studied.
IncRNA VIM-AS1 expression is positively correlated with the prognosis and immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kang Jianhong , Abudurufu Maimaiti , Zhang Shuwei , Jiang Wei , Luo Honghe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
BackgroundStudies have reported that Long Non-coding RNA Vimentin antisense RNA1(VIM-AS1) is related to progression and prognosis in several cancers. Although the relationship between VIM-AS1 and the clinical features of lung adenocarcinoma has been described, their studies are incomplete. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis was performed to identify the role and potential clinical value of VIM-AS1 in LUAD progression.MethodsThe expression of VIM-AS1 in LUAD was identified based on Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) and genotypic tissue expression (GTEx). Survival analysis and COX regression analysis were performed to evaluate the clinical value of VIM-AS1 in the prognosis of LUAD patients, and to construct a prognostic nomogram. Correlation and COX regression analysis were performed to filter prognosis-related VIM-AS1 co-expression genes, and to construct the correlation column chart and the prognostic risk model. Correlation analysis was also used to explore the relationship between VIM-ASI expression and LUAD immune microenvironment.ResultsVIM-AS1 expression levels were significantly downregulated in LUAD tissues and significantly associated with short OS, DSS, significant PFI, late T and pathological staging, lymph node metastasis, gender male and complete resection in LUAD patients. Decreased expression of VIM-AS1 was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in LUAD patients. VIM-AS1 co-expressed genes SLC15A2, ZNF56, FAM76A, GNG7, UCK2, and ADIPOR2 were significantly associated with OS, DSS, and PFI in LUAD patients. The nomogram and risk models constructed based on VIM- AS1 co-expressed genes were associated with the prognosis of LUAD patients. K-M survival analysis showed that high-risk patients were significantly associated with short OS, DSS, and PFI in LUAD patients. VIM- AS1 expression was related to the estimate, immune and stromal scores, and highly associated with immune cells -TFH, Th1 cells, T cells, Tcm, B cells, T helper cells, cytotoxic cells, macrophages, pDC, iDC, aDC, mast cells, DC, Tem, NK CD56dim cells, Tgd and Th2 cells, and significantly correlated with levels of immune cell markers HLA-DPB1, HLA-DRA, CCR7, and other markers.ConclusionVIM-AS1 was significantly downregulated in LUAD tissues, which was significantly associated with poor prognosis and immune microenvironment in LUAD patients. The nomogram and risk models of VIM-AS1 were expected to be tools to assess the prognosis of LUAD patients.
Environmental Risk Factors and Plasma Concentration of Lead and Copper in Colorectal Cancer Patients in Alexandria
Authors: Mohamed Soha Said , Hussien Mohamed Fakhry , Mostafa Mohamed Farouk , Abdou Mamdouh Hanafy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women. It is thought to result from a complex interaction between several genetic factors and environmental factors. Recognizing these factors that trigger the disease occurrence and progression is essential to apply more effective measures of prevention and risk reduction. Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to detect the plasma levels of lead and copper in colorectal cancer patients and healthy subjects and to estimate the effect of exposure to some environmental risk factors. In addition, a booklet was designed for health education and prevention of colorectal cancer based on the results of the research. Methods: A case control study was performed at the clinical oncology department clinic of Alexandria Main University Hospital. The study sample consisted of 25 colorectal cancer patients, and 25 healthy controls, who matched the cases on age and sex. Data were collected by a pre-designed pre-coded structured interviewing questionnaire; levels of lead and copper of all participants were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. In addition, lead and copper levels in the drinking water by participants were measured to detect whether they were associated with the risk of colorectal cancer.Results: Higher levels of Pb and Cu were detected in colorectal cancer patients compared to healthy subjects, these findings were statistically significant (p<0.05). The multivariate stepwise logistic regression model revealed that four factors had significant association with colorectal cancer , the first rank was lead levels ≥ 0.164 mg/L, Passive smoking, living nearby the solid waste collecting dustbins and old oily wall paints in houses (OR =31.057, 95% CI =1.549-622. 588, OR =32.20, 95%CI =1.529-678.069, OR =83.247, 95%CI =1.279-5419.134, OR =9.354, 95%CI =1.020-85.786, respectively).Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, there was a significant difference in the levels of Pb and Cu levels between healthy subjects and colorectal cancer patients. Therefore, environmental risk factors and chronic exposure to lead sources such as lead in old deteriorating household paints could have a very important role in the elevated lead level due to the high rate of pollution in the environment. However, further studies are needed to enhance our understanding of this relationship between heavy metals and their role in cancer progression
Caffeine and nicotine in a Parkinson’s disease’s animal model: from olfactory improvement to neuroprotection
Authors: Rodrigues Lais Soares , Targa Adriano D.S. , Noseda Ana C. D. , Ilkiw Jessica L. , Fagotti Juliane , Kmita Luana C. , Santos Patricia Dominico dos , Dorieux Flavia W.C. , Silveira Priscilla L. S. , Cóppola-Segovia Valentín , Zanata Silvio Marques , Lima Marcelo M S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Parkinson's disease motor disorders are strongly associated with the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and dopamine depletion in the nigrostriatal pathway. However, earlier, patients may have olfactory disorders. Studies have shown an inverse relationship between the consumption of caffeine or nicotine and the risk of developing Parkinson's disease. This study investigated whether the treatment with caffeine and/or nicotine would be able to prevent olfactory impairment in an animal model. Adult male and female Wistar rats received intraperitoneal saline, caffeine and/or nicotine for 7 consecutive days after intranigral injury and were submitted to behavioral tests. The treatment with caffeine and double treatment (caffeine + nicotine) reversed the olfactory impairment caused by rotenone, in male rats.In females, olfactory disturbance was not present.Surprisingly, there was no olfactory bulb (OB)tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) increased phosphorylation by the caffeine administration, present only in a double treatment, for males. In addition, a trend to increased TH phosphorylation of the nicotine rotenone group was observed, indicating a negative influence of dopamine on olfaction, probably due to its action on OB D2 inhibitory receptors, which may explain the olfactory impairment not reversed by nicotine. Besides, nicotine presented dopaminergic neurons restoration for both male and female in the substantia nigra, indicating a neuroprotective effect against rotenone lesion. Caffeine and nicotine presented different benefits in the rotenone model, improving the olfactory disturbance and reducing the neuronal loss within the substantia nigra. Additionally, the intranigral rotenone presented sex differences related to olfactory function, also present in a human population.
The Impact of Positive Emotion Regulation on convergent creativity Evidence from ERP
Authors: Yin Ming , Zhao Yuan , Xing Qiqi , Liu Dianzhi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Research on emotion regulation should not be limited to negative emotion regulation, but should also include cognitive activities. This study examined the impact of positive emotion regulation on convergent creativity through an ERP analysis. The study sample comprised 57 undergraduates. They were divided into cognitive reappraisal, expression suppression, and control groups and completed emotional regulation and convergent creativity tasks. The results showed that when undergraduates used different emotion regulation strategies to regulate positive emotions and then completed the convergent creativity tasks, the cognitive reappraisal group performed better. In the early stage (Q-N1), cognitive reappraisal can enhance the sensitivity of individuals to convergent thinking. In the late stage (P350-2000), cognitive reappraisal can help individuals reduce the consumption of attention resources, especially in the P350-650, and the promotion effect of cognitive reappraisal is most obvious. The results suggest that if individuals can remain relatively calm at the early stage of solving the convergent creativity tasks, it will help them to understand the task and improve their performance in convergent creativity.
Enhanced Enzyme Activity of Thermoalkaliphilic Laccase (CtLac) of Caldalkalibacillus thermarum Strain TA2.A1 by Random and Site-directed Mutagenesis and Its Application to Lignin Degradation
Authors: Yang Youri , Ghatge Sunil , Hur Hor-Gil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Thermoalkaliphilic laccase, CtLac, has advantageous properties such as high enzyme activity and stability at 70℃ and pH 8.0 in the presence of organic solvents and surfactants, which confers a potential industrial application. Moreover, CtLac depolymerized lignin and produced high-value benzaldehyde chemicals such as vanillin. In the present study, the directed evolution approach using the combination of random and site-directed mutagenesis was performed to enhance the laccase activity of CtLac. Two methods of spectrophotometric assay and real-time oxygen measurement were employed for comparing and evaluating laccase activity among mutants. Results: Random mutagenesis was carried out by error-prone PCR to introduce 6-8 mutations per 1000 bps of CtLac coding gene. Among the 1,300 tested transformants, RM484 with higher laccase activity was selected, and V243 was targeted for site-directed mutagenesis. V243D showed 35% and 25% higher laccase activity than wild-type CtLac from the spectrophotometric assay and the oxygen consumption measurement, respectively. Besides, V243D showed higher catalytic efficiency with the decreased Km and the increased kcat value than wild-type CtLac. Furthermore, V243D showed the enhanced oxidative degradation of lignin under the optimal enzymatic conditions, 70℃ and pH 8.0, with 10% higher GGGE oxidation and 50-95% increased high-value aldehyde production than wild-type CtLac.Conclusions: CtLac was engineered for improved laccase activity through the directed evolution approach involving random and site-directed mutagenesis in the lack of protein structural information. Considering the limitation of the spectrophotometric assay, the real-time measurement of oxygen consumption could be a more accurate method to evaluate oxidation of laccase activity in mutagenesis research.