bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute effects of coffee consumption on the microcirculation of macula and optic nerve head
Authors: Shoeibi Nasser , Rajaei Parisa , Ghobadi Mohadese , Hosseini SeyedehMaryam , Abrishami Mojtaba , Ansari-Astaneh Mohammad-Reza , Omidtabrizi Arash , Kadkhoda Maryam , Shariati Mehrdad Motamed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute changes in retinal vasculature following coffee consumption.Methods: This is an interventional case series. The subjects were 22 healthy young adults. They were asked to rest in a silent room for 15 minutes; then, their heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and arterial oxygen saturation pressure (spO2) were measured with a single patient monitoring system. OCT and OCT-A imaging of disc and macula were performed for both eyes of the subjects. These measurements were repeated 45 minutes after drinking a cup of 450 milliliters of coffee containing a standard dose of 130 milligrams of caffeine. Macular and optic nerve head neuro vasculature changes were assessed.Results: The results of our study didn’t show a significant change in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and neural structural and vascular parameters of the optic nerve head. Although assessments of macular vasculature showed a significant decrement in superficial (p=0.01) and deep vessels density (p=0.05) at parafovea, vessel densities at the fovea and deep capillary plexus at perifovea showed no significant change. Conclusion: Consuming one cup of coffee (150 mg caffeine) statistically changes central foveal thickness and parafoveal blood flow, but likely does not have a clinical impact in healthy young adults.
Distinct clinical outcome of microcystic meningioma as a WHO grade 1 meningioma subtype
Authors: Ren Leihao , Hua Lingyang , Bao Zhongyuan , Deng Jiaojiao , Wang Daijun , Chen Jiawei , Chen Hong , Juratli Tareq A. , Wakimoto Hiroaki , Gong Ye 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics, radiology, and long-term outcomes of microcystic meningiomas (MM) and compare it with other subtypes of meningiomas managed at a single neurosurgical center.
Methods
A total of 87 consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection and were diagnosed as MM between 2005 to 2016 were enrolled for analysis. Clinicopathological, radiology, and prognostic information was collected and analyzed. Progression free survival (PFS) was compared with 659 patients with other subtypes of WHO grade 1 meningiomas and 167 patients with atypical meningiomas treated during the same period.
Results
56 females and 31 males with MM were analyzed. Peri-tumor brain edema was frequent on T2 WI (85%).12 patients (13.8%) experienced tumor progression during the mean follow-up of 101.66 ± 40.92 months. The median PFS was unavailable, and the 5-, 10-, and 15-year progression-free rates were 96.9%, 84.0%, and 73.9%, respectively. Univariate COX analysis demonstrated skull base location, subtotal resection, and higher Ki-67 index as significant negative prognostic factors for PFS (P < 0.05); multivariate analysis identified tumor location and Ki-67 index as independent factors (P < 0.01). Of note, the PFS of MM was worse than other WHO grade 1 subtypes (P < 0.001), but better than atypical meningiomas (P < 0.001), and the PFS differences were retained even when the analysis was limited to the patients receiving GTR (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The PFS of MM was worse than other WHO grade 1 subtypes and better than atypical meningiomas. Skull base location and higher Ki-67 index were independent negative prognostic factors in MM.
Temozolomide Increases HSPs in Extracellular Vesicles Released from Glioblastoma Cells
Authors: KIYGA Ezgi , Adıgüzel Zelal , Torun Hülya , Uçar Evren Önay 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant and the fastest-progressing type of primary brain tumours. Temozolomide (TMZ) is a chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of GBM. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recently confirmed to have a substantial role in the GBM, and their contents released from GBM cells have been considered a target for treatment. Here, we assessed the impact of TMZ on heat shock proteins (HSPs) derived from extracellular vesicles (EVs) originated from GBM cell lines (U87-MG and LN229) and the significance of EVs in response to chemotherapy in GBM. We first characterised EVs and detected that U87-MG cells release many EVs compared to LN229 cells. Interestingly, TMZ was found to be led to increases in HSF-1, Hsp90, Hsp70, Hsp60 and Hsp27 expression in GBM cells and their EV contents, which these increases are related to therapeutic resistance. What is more, in studies showing which signalling pathways might be associated with these increases, it was observed that TMZ triggered the expression of RAD51 and MDM2 genes in cells and EV contents. More strikingly, we discover a correlation between EV and parental cells in regard of mRNA and protein level in both cell lines as a result of TMZ treatment. Therefore, this data suggest of EVs in the treatment of GBM may have potential biomarkers that can be used to investigate the treatment response.
Validation of techniques for manufacturing macro-porous bio-ceramic scaffolds for biomedical purposes
Authors: Gasoto Sidney Carlos , Peres Gustavo Xavier , Oliveira Tiê Menezes , Stimamiglio Marco Augusto , Berti Lucas Freitas , Schneider Bertoldo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The use of bio-materials in medicine has intensified as new treatments are emerging. Among bio-materials, bio-ceramics have attracted attention due to their applications in regeneration, generation and formation of bone tissues. Calcium phosphates, more specifically hydroxyapatite, make up a large part of the composition of human bones and teeth. The bio-material is used mainly for the production of porous scaffolds to act as a bone graft. This work reviews techniques currently used for manufacturing scaffolds, and studies parameters of a technique called direct foaming to try to adapt the process for the production of hydroxyapatite scaffolds. Suspensions were produced with the aid of mechanical stirrer and ultrasonic stirrer to compare the dispersion produced. Results show the need to improve freeze casting techniques for biomedical applications. It was observed that 3D printing to produce scaffolds is adequate but can be optimized. The direct foaming method generated promising scaffolds, and it is possible to adapt the process to make parts of hydroxyapatite.
Early pathological changes initiating cognitive disorders: Which nucleus is most prone to the iron deposition?
Authors: Nikparast Farzaneh , Niroumand Shabnam , Akbari-Lalimi Hossein , Zare Hoda 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Iron deposition plays a vital role in damaging neurons and causing different cognitive disorders. Today, using the quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) technique, iron deposits in different brain areas can be assessed and measured.Objective: This research aims to identify iron deposition changes of brain nuclei in different stages of cognitive disorders using the QSM technique to introduce biomarkers for the early detection of these disorders.Methods: In this study, 35 participants with normal cognition and 46 patients with cognitive disorders classified into four different groups based on the severity of the disorder were scanned by a 3T MRI scanner.QSM processing determined 12 regions of interest (ROIs) by automatic nuclei segmentation and statistical analysis performed in these groups’ MRI images.Results: In the early mild cognitive impairment )EMCI( group, The QSM value of the bilateral thalamus(P<0.05) and left amygdala (P=0.006) nuclei were higher than the control group.Based on the results of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, the left amygdala (P=0.005), left putamen (P=0.002), left thalamus(P=0.05), and right thalamus(P<0.05) have an appropriate sensitivity and specificity to identify the different stages of cognitive disorders. Conclusion: The left amygdala and bilateral thalamic nuclei are the first areas exposed to iron deposition during cognitive impairment.Mentioned nuclei, especially the left amygdala, have high efficiency and sensitivity for the early detection of cognitive disorders.
Dynamic Shielding to Secure Multi-Hop Communications in Vehicular Platoons
Authors: Yang Yiran , Liu Xiqing , Wang Zhifeng , Liu Yiliang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Vehicular platoon is one of the most advanced driving assistance systems with the potential to bring considerable savings in fuel and increase traffic efficiency. However, communication between vehicles in a platoon is always vulnerable to eavesdropping due to the broadcast nature of wireless channels. To address this issue, we study the security issues from the physical layer perspective for the multi-hop vehicular platooning. The dynamic shielding secured transmission (DSST) scheme is proposed to guarantee the confidential transmission of private information. Specifically, the neighboring vehicles can take turns acting as friendly shielders, which transmit jamming signals to interfere with the eavesdroppers without knowing channel state information (CSI), thereby increasing the secrecy capacity. The mathematical derivation of secrecy capacity is conducted for performance analysis. In addition, the numerical results verify the properties, efficiency, and adaptability of the proposed scheme.
Peculiar Course Transition and Treatment of Patient with Severe Herpes Zoster-Neuralgia in the Head and Face: A Case Report
Authors: Du Xindan , Xu Lulu , Huang Bing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundZoster-associated pain treatment is considered to be difficult worldwide. Presently, the primary treatment methods include oral medications, nerve blocks, nerve radiofrequency (RF), electrical stimulation, etc. We report a peculiar course transition and corresponding treatment for a case of severe herpes zoster-Neuralgia in the Head and Face.Case PresentationA 59 year-old Chinese male presented with a severe and variable zoster-associated pain in the head and face. The chief complaint on admission was pain on the right side of his head and face after herpes zoster for 32 days. After pulse RF (PRF) and multiple supraorbital nerve blocks combined with oral analgesics were administered to the patient, the patient rated his resting pain as 4 on the numerical rating scale (NRS) and his paroxysmal pain as 9–10. Specifically, his pain shifted from the right side of his forehead to the right side of his nasal cavity to the right occipital region. Finally, a percutaneous micro balloon compression of the trigeminal ganglion and RF of the second trigeminal nerve, supraorbital nerve, and cervical nerve root were performed consecutively. All the pain was relieved significantly after surgery. Seven months later, there was no recurrence of pain and no oral drugs were taken.Conclusion On the premise of not damaging motor function, RF should be used decisively for patients suffering from zoster-associated pain, which is a serious condition and resistant to various treatments.
Resilience in cancer patients and how it correlates with demographics, psychological factors and lifestyle
Authors: Festerling Lara , Buentzel J. , von Weikersthal L. Fischer , Junghans C. , Zomorodbakhsch B. , Stoll C. , Prott F.-J. , Fuxius S. , Micke O. , Richter A. , Sallmann D. , Huebner J. , Hoppe Catalina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Being diagnosed with cancer is challenging. Many patients wish to be actively involved in treatment and contribute to therapy, but the patients´ coping abilities and desire for involvement differ. The individual level of resilience seems to play a major role. Our study aims to learn more about the associations of resilience and factors as demographics and psychological factors.
Methods
This multicentric cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 oncological centers in Germany in summer 2021. The questionnaire collected information on demographics, resilience, self-efficacy, general satisfaction with life and sense of coherence. Considered lifestyle-aspects were diet and physical activity. 416 patients were included in the analyses.
Results
A moderate mean resilience score was achieved ( M = 69). Significant correlations in demographics were found for resilience and education (r = 0.146, p = 0.003), income (r = 0.205, p = 0.001) and time since receiving diagnosis ( r=-0.115, p = 0.021). Resilience and self-efficacy correlated on a high level (r = 0.595, p < 0.001), resilience and sense of coherence and, resilience and general satisfaction with life in a moderate way (r = 0.339, p < 0.001; r = 0.461, p = 0.001).
Conclusion
Resilience portrays an important aspect in cancer treatment. Detecting patients at risk, stabilizing, or improving resilience are important to focus on and strengthen them accordingly. Possible negatively influencing factors (e.g. low self-efficacy) need to be considered. Factors affecting resilience but difficult to influence, as educational background, should be screened for. Also, the combination of low resilience and low income seems to describe a vulnerable patient group.
Carbon storage and biodiversity conservation in a changing landscape: the case of Barekese and Owabi watersheds in Ghana
Authors: Ayesu Samuel , Barnes Victor Rex , Agbyenyaga Olivia , Asante Richard 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study was carried out to explore the effect of land-use intensification by examining variation in species composition, carbon stocks and soil fertility for the Barekese and Owabi watersheds. A nested plot design of five plots of size 50 m x 50 m, 10 m x10 m, 5 m x 5 m and 1 m x 1 m were used to collect data per land-use type. Species richness (F=24.991, df = 4, p = 0.000 and F = 34.184,df = 4 p = 0.000), diversity (df = 4, F = 18.529, P = 0.000 and df = 4, F = 13.964, P =0.000) and basal area (df = 4, F = 7.018, P = 0.001 and df = 4, F = 9.051, P = 0.000) were significantly higher in undisturbed forest compared to other land-use systems for Barekese and Owabi watershed respectively. Carbon stocks followed a similar pattern indicating significant effect of landuse for Barekese (df = 4, F = 24.991, P = 0.000) and Owabi (F = 34.184, df = 4, P = 0.000) with Closed Forest being better. However, open forest (moderately disturbed forest) was not significantly different from Closed Forest (undisturbed forest) in terms of carbon stock, species richness and diversity. The outcome study suggests that natural forest cover favour higher carbon storage and biodiversity conservation. It also illustrates the fact that moderately disturbed primary forests/agroforest systems have high conservation value and may play a significant role in conservation strategies and global carbon cycling.
Admission Serum Sodium and Osmolarity Are Not Associated with The Occurrence or Outcomes of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Critically Ill
Authors: Li Heyi , Bihari Shailesh , Weister Timothy , LeMahieu Allison , Kashyap Rahul , Chalmers Sarah , Lal Amos , Bersten Andrew , Gajic Ognjen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
ObjectivePrevious studies suggested that hypernatremia or hyperosmolarity may have protective effects in lung injury. We hypothesized that hypernatremia and/or hyperosmolarity would prevent ARDS in those at risk of lung injury and associated with favorable outcomes in ARDS patients.SubjectsAll admissions at medical, surgical, and multidisciplinary intensive care units in Mayo Clinic, Rochester from the year of 2009 to 2019.DesignRetrospective cohort study. The occurrence of ARDS was identified using a validated computerized search strategy. The association between serum sodium/osmolarity and the occurrence of ARDS was analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. The relationship between serum sodium/osmolarity and outcomes of ARDS was analyzed using linear and logistic regression models.ResultsAmong 50,498 patients, the serum sodium level on admission did not have a significant association with the occurrence of ARDS, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.95 [95% CI (0.86, 1.05)]. There was no significant association between calculated serum osmolarity and the occurrence of ARDS, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.03 [95% CI (1.00, 1.07)]. 1560 patients developed ARDS during the ICU stay. Their serum sodium level did not have a significant association with their outcomes [adjusted estimated difference in 28-day ICU-free days, 0.08 days, 95% CI (-0.85, 1.02), adjusted estimated difference in 28-day ventilator-free days, -0.02, 95% CI (-0.62, 0.58), adjusted odds ratio of 28-day mortality 1.02, 95%CI (0.84, 1.24)]. There was no significant association between their calculated serum osmolarity and their outcomes [adjusted estimated difference in 28-day ICU-free days, -0.26, 95% CI, (-0.63, 0.12); adjusted estimated difference in 28-day ventilator-free days, -0.05, 95% CI (-0.28, 0.19); adjusted odds ratio of 28-day mortality, 1.07, 95% CI (0.99, 1.15)].ConclusionsAdmission serum sodium or serum osmolarity were not associated with the occurrence or outcomes of ARDS in ICU.
Is it necessary to pass the left ureter under the mesosigmoid in Bricker Ileal Conduit surgery?
Authors: Wang Jinyou , Tuo Zhouting , Gao Mingzhu , Min Jie , Wang Yi , Zhang Tao , Yu Dexin , Bi Liangkuan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: No research has explored the need for the left ureter to be passed through the subsigmoid in ileal conduit diversion surgery. Due to the potential harm and lack of proven benefits of this practice, we used a simple modified technique in ileal conduit with the left ureter directly over the sigmoid colon. To investigate the feasibility of our surgical technique, as well as to evaluate perioperative outcomes and postoperative complications with a focus on the rate of small bowel obstruction (SBO) and ureteroileal anastomotic stricture (UAS).Methods: Between January 2018 and April 2020, a prospective single-center cohort of 84 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) and ileal conduit urinary diversion was analyzed. A study group of 30 patients receiving the modified technique was compared with a control group of 54 patients receiving the standard Bricker ileal conduit, and the differences in the incidence of SBO and UAS, perioperative results, and postoperative complications were analyzed.Results: The two groups were comparable concerning patient characteristics and clinicopathologic features. No differences were observed in terms of the operation time, perioperative outcomes, and short-term (<90 days) postoperative complications between the two groups. No case of UAS was observed in the modified group, whereas two (3.70%) cases of UAS (p = 0.535) occurred in the patients who underwent Bricker’s ureteroileal anastomosis.Conclusion: In our study, we describe a simple and feasible modified technique in ileal conduit. Compared with traditional techniques, our method has some advantages, including the ability to avoid compression of the left ureter from the mesentery without establishing a retrosigmoid tunnel, a low rate of UAS, and the ability to perform a secondary operation in the long-term follow-up.
Intrathyroid Thymic Carcinoma With Papillary Carcinoma Of Thyroid:A Case Report
Authors: Wu Meng , Luo Muyun , Zhao Yangyang , Sun Tao , Xiao Qiuxiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Intrathyroid thymic carcinoma ( ITTC ) is an inert malignant tumor, which often occurs in the neck or thyroid soft tissue. It is difficult to distinguish ITTC from other thyroid tumors. There is no specificity in clinical manifestations and imaging. In addition, there are few cases of ITTC combined with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC). Here we report a 44-year-old man with left neck mass admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College in June 2017. Ultrasound showed thyroid nodules in bilateral lobes. The left lobe showed 48 × 55 mm hypoechoic signal, and the right lobe showed 5.6 × 4.2 mm hypoechoic signal. Because the right nodule was small, it was not treated. The left thyroid nodule was finally diagnosed as ITTC by pathological diagnosis. No special treatment was performed after left lobectomy. In June of the next year, due to physical examination found on the right thyroid tumor again in our hospital, the patient came to our hospital for treatment again. The pathological diagnosis was papillary thyroid carcinoma, and then the right lobe of the thyroid was resected. Combined with the history of patients, the patient suffered from left thyroid endothoracic adenocarcinoma with right thyroid papillary tumor. In this study, the clinical pathological characteristics, immune phenotype and differential diagnosis of thyroid endothoracic adenocarcinoma were analyzed and discussed, providing information and reference for the majority of medical researchers and clinical workers.
Effect of oral nirmatrelvir on Long COVID symptoms: a case series
Authors: Peluso Michael J. , Anglin Khamal , Durstenfeld Matthew S. , Martin Jeffrey N. , Kelly J. Daniel , Hsue Priscilla Y. , Henrich Timothy J. , Deeks Steven G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic continues to evolve, efforts to understand variability in COVID-19 recovery, as well as the impact of factors including viral variants, vaccine status, and COVID-19 treatment on the development and persistence of Long COVID symptoms have intensified. We report three cases that demonstrate that variability in the timing of nirmatrelvir therapy may be associated with different outcomes and underscores the need for systematic study of antiviral therapy for this disease condition.
The HIF-1α/Sema4D axis promotes hypoxia-induced metastasis of human osteosarcoma via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Yixin , Ning Biao , Xu Tianzi , Li Yi , Wang Miao , Wei Dongyi , Lei Jun , Wei Yongchang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) plays a vital role in varied tumor biological processes. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), an essential regulatory factor in tumor microenvironment, mediates hypoxia-induced-oncogenes overexpression during cancer occurrence and development. However, the function of Sema4D and its connection with HIF-1α are not entirely validated in osteosarcoma.Methods RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the differential expression of HIF-1α and Sema4D in human osteosarcoma. The biological function of Sema4D in osteosarcoma malignant phenotype was measured by RNA interference, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Wound healing, Transwell and Tube formation assay. The stable transfected cells were established by lentivirus transfection to observe the biological significance of Sema4D in vivo. The relation between HIF-1α and Sema4D was explored through dual luciferase report assay.Results This study showed HIF-1α and Sema4D expression levels were upregulated in human osteosarcoma samples and cell lines. Sema4D knockdown in 143B and MG63 cells restrained cell growth, migration and invasiveness via suppressing PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. The tube formation capability of HUVEC was inhibited after coculture with low tumor-derived Sema4D. Besides, knockdown of Sema4D suppressed tumor growth in the xenograft tumor models. Moreover, Sema4D participated in the hypoxia-induced metastasis of osteosarcoma cells and its expression level was upregulated by transactivation of HIF-1α in vitro. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that Sema4D knockdown had anti-osteosarcoma values and HIF-1α/Sema4D axis regulated the osteosarcoma metastatic cascade in hypoxia condition. They highlighted a therapeutic target which potentially offer an opportunity to improve the survival for osteosarcoma patients.