bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal evolution of 68 Ga-Pentixafor uptake in the remote myocardium early after acute myocardial infarction and its association with left ventricular remodelling
Authors: Wu Ping , Xu Li , Wang Qi , Ma Xiaofang , Wang Xinzhu , Wang Hongliang , He Sheng , Ru Huibin , Zhao Yuting , Xiao Yuxin , Zhang Jingying , Wang Xinchao , An Shaohui , Hacker Marcus , Li Xiang , Zhang Xiaoli , Wang Yuetao , Yang Minfu , Wu Zhifang , Li Sijin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose

Previous studies have initially reported accompanying elevated 18F-FDG inflammatory signal in the remote area and its prognostic value after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Non-invasive characterization of the accompanying inflammation in the remote myocardium may be of potency in guiding future targeted theranostics. In this study, we sought to focus on the longitudinal evolution of 68Ga-Pentixafor signals in the remote myocardium following AMI.
Methods Twelve AMI rats and six Sham rats serially underwent 68Ga-Pentixafor imaging at pre-operation, and 5, 7, 14 days post-operation. Maximum and mean standard uptake value (SUV) and target(myocardium)-to-background ratio (TBR) were assessed to indicate the uptake intensity. Gated 18F-FDG imaging and immunofluorescent staining were performed to obtain cardiac function and responses of pro-inflammatory and reparative macrophages, respectively.
Results The uptake of 68Ga-Pentixafor in the infarcted myocardium peaked on day 5 (P < 0.001), retained at day 7 (P < 0.01), and recovered at day 14 after AMI (P > 0.05), paralleling with the rise-fall pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages (P < 0.05). Correlated with the peak signal in the infarct territory, 68Ga-Pentixafor uptake in the remote myocardium on day 5 early after AMI significantly increased (AMI vs. Sham: SUVmean, SUVmax, and TBRmean: all P < 0.05), and strongly correlated with contemporaneous EDV and/or ESV (SUVmean and TBRmean: both P < 0.05). The transitory remote signal recovered as of day 7 post-AMI (AMI vs. Sham: P > 0.05).
Conclusions Corresponding with the peaked 68Ga-Pentixafor signal in the infarct area, the signal in the remote region also elevated accordingly and led to left ventricular remodelling early after AMI, which was attributed to the early surge of pro-inflammatory response. Further studies are warranted in the remote myocardium to clarify the post-inflammation mechanism and the prognostic value.
Optimum Processing Conditions for the Maximum Crystallization Rate of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)
Authors: Janchai Khunanya , Kida Takumistu , Yamaguchi Masayuki , Sunagawa Takenobu , Okura Tetsuo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The effect of thermal and shear histories on the crystallization rate of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) was studied. As with other crystalline polymers, the shear history greatly affected the crystallization rate when the shear rate was beyond a critical value, i.e., the inverse of the Rouse relaxation time. Even after the formation of extended chain crystals, spherulite texture was clearly discernable. It grew from certain points on the extended chain crystals. Consequently, a row of spherulites appeared along the flow direction. The resin temperature in the molten state was also significant. When the sample was heated to 170°C, which is beyond the main melting peak in the differential scanning calorimetry curve, unmolten crystals did not affect the linear viscoelastic properties. They acted as effective nucleating agents for the rest of the polymer during cooling. Therefore, the shear history hardly affected the crystallization rate and the number of spherulites.
Energy transfer mechanisms in binary tree-structured oscillator with nonlinear energy sinks
Authors: Bak Bendegúz Dezső , Rochlitz Róbert , Kalmár-Nagy Tamás 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study a binary tree-structured multi-degree-of-freedom nonlinear oscillator with impulsive and continuous excitations. The response of this model is studied for excitations that are applied to the largest masses. It is shown how choosing the mass of the smallest blocks influence the response of the system regarding the dissipation and how efficient targeted energy transfer is realized in the system. The simplified frequency energy plot is introduced as a means of analyzing the response of multi-degree-of-freedom systems for impulsive excitations. For continuous excitations it is shown that the smallest masses (nonlinear energy sinks) are active only inside specific nonlinear frequency bands when the excitation amplitude is sufficiently high.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) 34 · 70 · 76
Cell-attribute aware community detection improves differential abundance testing from single-cell RNA-Seq data
Authors: Maity Alok , Teschendorff Andrew 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Variations of cell-type proportions within tissues could be informative of biological aging and disease risk. Single-cell RNA-sequencing offers the opportunity to detect such differential abundance patterns, yet this task can be statistically challenging due to the noise in single-cell data, inter-sample variability and because differential abundance (DA) patterns are often characterized by small effect sizes. Here we present a novel DA-testing paradigm called ELVAR, which, unlike the popular Louvain clustering method, takes cell attribute information into account when inferring cell-states within the high-dimensional single-cell manifold. We validate ELVAR using both simulated and real single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-Seq data, demonstrating improved inference over the popular Louvain algorithm and competing DA-testing methods. In lung tissue, ELVAR detects a decrease in the naïve Cd4 + T-cell proportion with age, as well as a shift of alveolar macrophages towards an M2 polarization program. In colon tissue, ELVAR predicts increased stem-cell and T-regulatory fractions in polyps preceding adenoma. In summary, leveraging cell attribute information when inferring cell communities can denoise single-cell data and help retrieve more robust cell states for subsequent DA-testing. ELVAR is available as an open-source R-package.
Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals Changes in Cell Subsets in The Cortical Microenvironment During Acute Phase of Ischemic Stroke Rats
Authors: Zhao Yijin , Xiao Chongwu , Chen Hui , Zhu Rui , Zhang Meimei , Liu Haining , Zhang Xiaofeng , Zeng Qing , Huang Guozhi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ischemic stroke, the most common type, has threatened human life and health. The treatment options for ischemic stroke are limited due to the complexity of the pathological process and cellular information. Therefore, acute ischemic stroke rats were established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and the cell populations in the cortex of MCAO rats were identified utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). We identified 21 brain clusters with cell-type specific gene expression patterns and cell subpopulations, as well as 42 marker genes representing different cell subpopulations. The number of cells in clusters 0–3 increased significantly in the MCAO group compared to the sham group, and nine cell subpopulations exhibited remarkable differences in the number of genes. Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed on the top 40 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the six cell subpopulations with significant differences. The results indicated that the biological processes and signaling pathways are involved in different cell subpopulations. In conclusion, scRNA-seq revealed the diversity of cell differentiation and the unique information of cell subpopulations in the cortex of rats with acute ischemic stroke, providing a novel insight for exploring the pathological process and drug discovery in the stroke.
Glycolytic metabolism and differentiation remodeling of hematopoietic stem cells in lung cancer
Authors: Guo Ziqi , Pu Shiming , Yang Liu , Liu Yaping , Li Xin , Zhao Hongxia , Zhou Zuping , Yang Cheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
Lung cancer may be accompanied by the abnormal activity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which rapidly proliferate and are biased toward myeloid differentiation, leading to abnormal immune cell development and consequently tumor immune disorders. However, the mechanism underlying the altered behavioral function of HSCs in the tumor state remains unclear.
Methods
Meanwhile, glucose metabolism, which plays an important role in the self-renewal and differentiation of HSCs, is remodeled in lung carcinogenesis. The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between glucose metabolism and the abnormal activity of HSCs in a tumor environment. A LLC mouse model of lung cancer was established. Metabolomics assays were used to analyze the differences of metabolites and the metabolic pathways between HSCs of normal (N-HSCs) and tumor-bearing mice (T-HSCs).
Results
Pyruvate metabolic changes were observed the most. T-HSCs exhibited up-regulated oxidative phosphorylation, elevated mitochondrial number and activity, ATP and ROS levels. Injection of the gluconeogenesis inhibitor 2-DG into tumor-bearing mice resulted in altered proliferation and apoptosis of HSCs, reduced differentiation of myeloid cells, and decreased the myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
Conclusions
The present results suggest that glucose metabolic state in HSCs is altered during tumorigenesis. Glucose metabolism remodeling in tumor HSCs could change their differentiation preferences.
Moderating effects of uric acid and sex on non-motor symptoms in asymmetric Parkinson's disease
Authors: Constantin Ioana Medeleine , Voruz Philippe , Péron Julie Anne 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background.
Non-motor symptoms (NMS) are an important early feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD), encompassing a variety of cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms, that seem to manifest differently depending on the asymmetry of motor symptoms. Different factors, such as uric acid (UA) and sex, also seem to influence NMS expression in PD. However, the interactions between UA, sex, and motor symptom asymmetry remains to be better understood in PD.
Methods.
Participants taking part in the Parkinson’s Progression Marker Initiative were studied based on the side of motor-symptom asymmetry and sex. Three-way interaction modeling was used to examine the moderating effects of sex and UA in time on NMS.
Results.
Significant three-way interactions were highlighted at one year follow-up between motor symptom asymmetry, UA and sex, for immediate memory, delayed memory, processing speed and sleepiness for female patients only. Also, female patients exhibiting predominantly right-sided motor symptoms demonstrated the most preserved NMS in the presence of lower serum UA levels.
Conclusion.
These findings suggest that in the earliest stages of the disease, serum UA and sex moderate NMS expression differently depending on motor asymmetry. This holds important clinical implications for symptom management in early-stage PD patients.
Semantic Attention guided multi-dimension information complementary network for medical image classification
Authors: Huang Yixiang , Zhang Lifu , Song Ruoxi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Biomedical image analysis, such as tissue and disease classification by using small-scale data, is a challenging and meaningful problem for clinical diagnosis. In previous works, most classical methods are using 2D convolution to extract feature from a single direction without making information of z-axis into consideration and haven’t considered that information representations are different in every view direction. In this letter, an attention mechanism-based model is proposed to extract and utilize feature more efficiently under the consideration of various information representation from direction to direction. To reach this goal, the work mainly consists of three parts of characteristics. The first characteristic is a plug-and-play structure design with parallel feature extractor in the different axial directions of which is dedicated to solving the problem of losing spatial structure feature by traditional 2D convolution. The second characteristic is intensive skip connection blocks employed to optimize the phenomenon of insufficient transit of information flow which cause the deep layer to fail in learning biomedical attribute. The last step is a designed spatial attention module, which’s applied to capture the long-range dependencies , suppress irrelated information and enhance significant spatial feature globally. The evaluation on various dataset shows that proposed model can achieve a competitive performance with comparison to other existed methods and reach the best 85.18 accuracy on average.
Comparison of the Total and Hidden Blood Loss in Patients Undergoing Single-Level Open and Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A retrospective case control study
Authors: Peng Yu-Jian , Fan Zhi-Ying , Wang Qian-Liang , Dai Jun , Zhang Qian-Zhong-Yi , Cao Jun-Yin , Liu Xiao-Feng , Yan Jun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to compare total blood loss (TBL) and hidden blood loss (HBL) in patients undergoing single-level open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (O-TLIF) and unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (ULIF).
Methods
A total of 53 patients who underwent ULIF and 53 patients who underwent O-TLIF from March 2020 to July 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The Nadler’s formula was employed to estimate the patient’s blood volume (PBV), Gross’s formula to estimate TBL, and Sehat’s formula to estimate HBL. The obtained data were then analyzed with independent t test、chi-squared test, and analysis of covariance.
Results
TBL and measured blood loss (MBL) in ULIF group (326.86 ± 223.45 ml, 99.00 ± 72.81ml) was significantly lower than O-TLIF group (427.97 ± 280.52ml, 270.66 ± 102.34ml). Nevertheless, the HBL in ULIF group was higher than that in O-TLIF group (227.86 ± 221.75 ml vs 157.31 ± 268.08 ml), however this was not statistically significant (p = 0.143). The HBL was 69.71 ± 23.72% of TBL in ULIF group and 36.76 ± 18.79% of TBL in O-TLIF group. Patients in ULIF group had lower TBL and MBL, shorter duration of drainage, lower postoperative anemia, and shorter postoperative hospital stay compared to those in O-TLIF group.
Conclusions
Perioperative HBL should not be neglected in patients undergoing ULIF or O-TILF, as it accounts for a large percentage of TBL in both groups. ULIF is associated with lower TBL and MBL, postoperative anemia, shorter postoperative hospital stays compared with O-TLIF.
Characterization and utility of novel monoclonal antibodies to cholera toxin B subunit
Authors: Garcia Noel Verjan , Santisteban Ian , Dent Matthew , Matoba Nobuyuki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) is a potent immunomodulator exploitable in mucosal vaccine and immunotherapeutic development. To aid in the characterization of pleiotropic biological functions of CTB and its variants, we generated a panel of anti-CTB monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). By ELISA and surface plasmon resonance, two mAbs, 7A12B3 and 9F9C7, were analyzed for their binding affinities to cholera holotoxin (CTX), CTB, and EPICERTIN: a recombinant CTB variant possessing mucosal healing activity. Both 7A12B3 and 9F9C7 bound efficiently to CTX, CTB, and EPICERTIN with equilibrium dissociation constants at low to sub-nanomolar concentrations but bound weakly, if at all, to Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit. In a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) assay using Caco2 human colon epithelial cells, the 7A12B3 mAb was found to be a potent inhibitor of CTX, whereas 9F9C7 had relatively weak inhibitory activity. Meanwhile, the 9F9C7 mAb effectively detected CTB and EPICERTIN bound to the surface of Caco2 cells and mouse spleen leukocytes by flow cytometry. Using 9F9C7 in immunohistochemistry, we confirmed the preferential localization of EPICERTIN in colon crypts following oral administration of the protein in mice. Collectively, these mAbs provide valuable tools to investigate the biological functions and preclinical development of CTB variants.
Screening of Q-markers for the wine-steamed Schisandra chinensis decoction pieces in improving allergic asthma
Authors: Qu Zhongyuan , Bing Yifan , Zhang Tianlei , Zheng Yan , Wu Shuang , Ji Chenfeng , Li Wenlan , Zou Xiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) posits that Chinese medicinal materials can only be used for clinical use after being processed and prepared into decoction pieces. Schisandra Chinensis Fructus (derived from the dried and mature fruits of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.) has been traditionally used as an antiasthmatic, kidney strengthening, and hepatoprotective agent for 2000 years. TCM clinic believes that the decoction pieces of wine-steamed Schisandra chinensis (WSC) is advantageous over the raw decoction pieces of Schisandra chinensis (RSC) for cough and asthma. Studies have shown that steaming with wine can promote the dissolution of ingredients. However, the relationship between the changes of components in the decoction pieces of WSC and the therapeutic effect remains unclear.

Methods

The efficacy of the decoction of RSC and WSC were compared based on allergic asthma rats. The potential bioactive components in the serum of the WSC treatment group and the changes of chemical composition in the decoction pieces before and after wine steaming were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) analysis to speculate quality markers (Q-markers) related to the efficacy of WSC, which was further verified based on the zebrafish model of inflammation.
Results: The results indicated the effect of RSC decoction pieces in improving allergic asthma was increased after being steamed with wine. Moreover, 12 components were detected in the serum of the WSC treatment group, which were conjectured to be the potential effective components. Among them, 5 components, such as Schisandrin, Schisandrol B, Schisandrin A, Schisandrin B, and Gomisin D, have higher dissolution rates than RSC after steaming with wine. The validation test based on the inflammatory zebrafish model showed that these 5 ingredients exerted their effects in a dose-dependent manner, demonstrating that they were Q-markers for WSC in the treatment of allergic asthma.
Conclusion: This study clarified the changes of components of the decoction pieces of RSC and WSC and the Q-markers related to the WSC efficacy, which provide precious value for expanding the application of WVS and establishing its exclusive quality standard.
Feasibility of school music trips with safe cohorts during high SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates: a longitudinal observation study
Authors: Pudasaini Samipa , Boldt Kira Louisa , Hitzek Jennifer , Möckel Linus , Slagman Anna , Theuring Stefanie , Mockenhaupt Frank , Möckel Martin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, school-related leisure activities were either completely prohibited or only feasible to a limited extent. Especially group musical activities carry a high risk of transmission. Up until now, the question of whether they can be safely re-implemented, has hardly been systematically examined. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the feasibility of school music trips with a hygiene and testing concept in times of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates and the Omicron wave.
Methods
We accompanied a one-week school music trip (January 2022). 81 students and 14 teachers of three big bands, mainly from two schools in Berlin, took part. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) pool tests and a questionnaire before departure as well as a follow-up survey after return were performed. During the trip, a hygiene concept (including daily antigen tests) was applied. Primary endpoint was the occurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 tests during the study period. The health status before and afterwards as well as the individually perceived fear and risk of a getting a SARS-CoV-2 infection were defined as secondary endpoints. An evaluation of the music trip experience was likewise done.
Results
95 PCR pool tests and 95 survey responses were evaluated from outward journey. 79 follow-up questionnaires were sent in. One positive SARS-CoV-2 pool was detected, containing one positive participant who was excluded from the journey. One student turned positive in antigen-testing (day four), was isolated and sent home after PCR confirmation testing. In both cases, the Omicron variant was detected. After return, a reduction of physical symptoms was visible among students, especially regarding cold signs (p = 0.002, McNemar test). The perceived risk of infection increased in the children’s group afterwards (p = 0.019, Wilcoxon rank test). All participants indicated that they want to attend such a music trip again.
Conclusion
School music trips under pandemic conditions are feasible with a hygiene concept and a safe cohort, regardless of the high incidence rates during the Omicron wave. Although we found an increase in perceived risk of infection among students, this did not negatively affect the perception of the trip experience.
The Face Mask-Associated Dry Eye Symptoms in Workers Who Collecting Novel Coronavirus Nucleic Acid Sample During the Covid-19 Outbreak
Authors: Yu Jie , Lu Chunguang , Zhang Liang , Ren Jintao , Liu Dongning 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the impact of face mask wearing on dry eye symptoms in health care professionals who collecting novel coronavirus nucleic acid sample during Omicron outbreak.
Methods
This cross-sectional online survey enrolled a total of 1135 health workers and social workers who were dispatched to the front line to participate in the fight against the epidemic. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire was also administered to quantify Mask-Associated Dry Eye (MADE) symptoms. The difference between wearing the face shield and safety-goggle was also investigated.
Results
In this study, the average score was 13.39 (3.39–23.39) and the prevalence of MADE symptoms including mild (23.62%), moderate (12.8%) and severe (4.09%) in Face Shield Group and mild (22.00%), moderate (11.67%) and severe (2.67%) in Safety-Goggles Group. The prevalence of MADE symptoms was higher in female (41.80%) and 50–65 age (64.65%).
Conclusions
A proportion of health and social workers suffer from dry eye symptoms related with wearing mask during the COVID-19 outbreak. MADE interventions should be implemented among health workers during the COVID-19 outbreak to reduce MADE symptoms effects and prevent long-term adverse outcomes.
Recycling solar-grade silicon from end-of-life photovoltaic modules by Al-Si solvent refining
Authors: Li Yanlei , Tuo Yiheng , Zhang Debao , Lu Xiaoman , Liu Lindong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The development of the solar market is fast in the past decades, and the number of solar module installations is huge. The solar modules have a lifetime of about 25 years and should be recycled after that. The Al-BSF module is the first kind of large-scale installed module and will come to its end of life in the next few years. The recycling of silicon in the Al-BSF module is investigated in this work. The components of the module are separated, and the silicon in the module is collected and then purified to remove boron and phosphorus by Al-Si solvent refining. It is found that impurity boron and phosphorus in this work have little influence on the solidification behavior of the hyper-eutectic Al-Si melt. The Al-Si solvent refining removed impurity elements boron and phosphorus in the silicon. Kinetics has a great effect on boron and phosphorus removal, and boron and phosphorus contents in purified silicon decrease with decreasing cooling rate. The boron and phosphorus contents in silicon are lowered to 0.28 and 0.03 ppmw respectively after two times of Al-Si solvent refining with the cooling rate of 5.55*10− 4 K/s, and it meets the requirement of solar-grade silicon.