bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproducing Colonial Ideologies in Decolonization
Authors: O'Connor Katie 
Published: July 2022

Though James Cameron’s 2009 box office sensation Avatar overtly criticizes colonial capitalism, its conventional masculinist narrative reproduces ideologies that support colonialism. This essay analyzes the film using several post-colonial theorists to display its inability to engage in anti-colonial critique. In doing so, I outline the importance of considering the complexity of gender in literature that addresses colonial violence. Building upon the work of other scholars who have examined representations of gender in Avatar, this paper specifically addresses the masculinity of the protagonist, Jake Sully. Initially, I employ the work of Edward Said and Ann Laura Stoler to consider how the film reinscribes a stereotypical gender binary in its depiction of colonial contact between the humans and the Na’vi, thereby negating the intricate relationship between gender and colonialism. The paper then shifts to focus on the anti-colonial efforts of the Na’vi led by Jake in his Avatar body. Frantz Fanon and others assist in defining Avatar’s problematic appropriation of decolonization into Jake’s masculinity complex. This analysis determines that for creative works to consider colonial violence without contributing to it, they must avoid replicating dominating masculinity tropes formed within the contexts of colonialism.
Alcoholism in Communist Poland: How Regime and Alcohol Interact
Authors: Williams Emily 
Published: July 2022

In communist Poland, while the state took care of the basic needs of its people, there was a widespread social issue plaguing society: alcoholism. Alcoholism was an increasing issue from the period of destalinization, to the Solidarity movement and over time, sobriety became symbol of resistance under a regime which relied on the vodka industry as the most important source of domestic revenue. By analyzing the high levels of consumption, the consequences, and the response from the state, church, and union, I analyze the political nature of alcoholism in Poland. To highlight the role ideology played, I also compare the social responses and methods of treatment in state socialism, to those in Western democratic countries. From this, an image begins to emerge of how alcoholism interacted with regime and feelings of mass disenchantment. While it is yet to be seen if communist regimes directly impacted people’s drinking habits, the Polish communist government certainly allowed the health and wellness of its citizens to come second. Further research into the dynamics of alcoholism in other Eastern European communist countries such as Hungary and Czechoslovakia could further develop understanding this complicated relationship between alcohol and communism. This topic of study remains important as the intergenerational dynamics for the families who lived under this system remain; looking at alcoholism under this regime can help us understaind these ongoing social relations.
Regency Possessed
Authors: Cameron Teagan 
Published: July 2022

During the French Fronde of 1648-52, the absolute monarchy of France came under attack both by weapons and by words. A relaxation in censorship laws during the four-year period of unrest led to the production of thousands of pamphlets, known as Mazarinades, which discussed the nature of the French monarchy and of power. Although most focussed on the Prime Minister, Cardinal Mazarin, a subset also considered the role of the Queen Dowager and Regent, Anne of Austria. Factions both for and against the monarchy expressed a fear of her public role in government: as a female ruler, they worried that Anne would be too passionate and gullible to be able to govern fairly. Pamphleteers presented her as a disordering figure, one who turned the natural social hierarchies of the early modern era upside down. To some, she was a puppet for Mazarin, who they believed seduced her; to others, by acting as regent she neglected her quintessentially feminine maternal roles. All agreed that Anne was unsuitable as regent. Using a variety of literary techniques, Mazarinade authors ultimately demanded that she resign, pleading with Anne to return to the private, domestic world of women.
The Gendered Consequences
Authors: Isaac Abigail 
Published: July 2022

This policy paper explores the gendered vulnerabilities of migrants seeking refuge from unlivable conditions in El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala (Northern Triangle Countries), who are forced to the U.S.-Mexico border and stranded in border camps strung along U.S. entry ports. In particular, it examines the impacts of four immigration and border policies initiated by the Trump administration, and details the compounded risks of violence faced by displaced women and gender-diverse communities while traveling to the border and in border encampments. Migrants seeking asylum experience a range of physical and psychosocial trauma, and their safety is contingent on the varying stakeholder positions of the American and Mexican governments, transnational non-governmental organizations, and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). In evaluating the barriers to accessing basic resources and legal support faced by marginalized communities at the border, I argue that conditions in-camp require gender-sensitive humanitarian interventions from the UNHCR as mandated by its ethical and legal obligation to protect the rights of asylum-seekers. Following my analysis of the gendered vulnerabilities in border encampments and their historical roots, I then propose three potential policy choice sets to address the increasing urgency of the crisis.
Educating the Electorate
Authors: Jones Emma 
Published: July 2022

Social Studies education is politicized, powerful, and highly contentious. Scholars have long debated about the content of Social Studies curricula, interest groups have historically tried to influence its material, and in recent years headlines have highlighted controversial subjects like Critical Race Theory and Indigenous reconciliation. This paper argues that it is impossible to teach a neutral Social Studies curriculum, and so it is essential that educators are mindful of the impact their content will have on young minds and future citizens of their society.

This paper first breaks down Canadian Social Studies curricula into their two main components: history and citizenship. The paper then provides an examination of how various models of citizenship impact the way history is taught, and demonstrates the impact those models of citizenship have on how students feel about their society and the role they play within it. These models have implications for not only the content of classrooms but for the future of democracy itself.
Prime submodul of an integer over itself
Authors: Alfian Muhammad Rijal , Maulana Fariz , Switrayni Ni Wayan , Aini Qurratul , Putri Dwi Noorma , Wardhana I Gede Adhitya Wisnu 
Published: July 2022

One of the sciences used in digital security systems is cryptography. Cryptography is closely related to the integer system, especially prime numbers. Prime numbers themselves have been abstracted a lot. One form of abstraction of prime numbers is the prime ideal. Previous studies have proven that an Ideal is said to be a prime ideal on if and only if I is constructed by a prime element. Other studies have also shown how the prime ideal develops. One of them is the research result of Dauns, where the prime ideal form is developed in the form of a prime submodule. A prime submodule is one of the objects in the module, which is an abstraction of prime numbers. Based on these things, it is exciting if the properties of the prime submodule are applied to other module forms, one of which is the integer module.
PERENCANAAN PENURUNAN TUNGGAKAN PEMBAYARAN REKENING LISTRIK DI PT. PLN (PERSERO) KANTOR PELAYANAN (KP) ONDOR
Authors: De FRETES Richard A , Camerling Billy Jhones 
Published: July 2022

PLN (Persero) Kantor Pelayanan Ondor merupakan salah satu usaha atau bisnis dalam bidang kelistrikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk bagaiamana merumuskan perencanaan yang efektif diaplikasikan untuk menurunkan tunggakan listrik di PT. PLN (Persero) Kantor Pelayanan Ondor. Metedologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Untuk penilaian respondon menggunakan skala likert dan pengolahan data penulis menggunakan analisis SWOT dengan menggunakan Perhitungan Matriks Internal Analysis Summary (IFAS) jumlah skor untuk faktor kekuatan (S) sebesar 2,16 sedangkan jumlah skor kelemahan (W) sebesar 0,59. Sedangkan pada perhitungan Matriks External Analysis Summary (EFAS) jumlah skor untuk faktor peluang (O) sebesar 1,76 dan ancaman (T) sebesar 0,67. Hasil diagram SWOT menunjukkan bahwa posisi PT.PLN (Persero) KP. Ondor ada pada kuadran I dengan strategi pertumbuhan agresif. Dengan menggunakan Grand Stategi diperoleh 4 strategi yakni, stretgi SO, ST, WO dan WT dengan 15 alternatif strategi adalah membuat pengembangan aplikasi monitoring penagihan tunggakan yang berbasis perangkat mobile, menjalankan kerjasama dengan perbankan untuk mempermudah pembayaran melalui internet banking / mobile banking, melakukan sosialisasi kepada pelanggan dengan memanfaatkan media teknologi informasi dan lainnya.
ANALISIS SISTEM OPERASIONAL JARINGAN IRIGASI KOBISADAR UNTUK MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN LAHAN PERTANIAN KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Adi Muhamad Ismail , Buyang Christy Gery , Kalalimbong Abraham 
Published: July 2022

Kebutuhan air di persawahan disebut sebagai kebutuhan air irigasi. Irigasi adalah usaha penyediaan dan pengaturan air untuk menunjang pertanian. Tujuan irigasi adalah untuk memanfaatkan air irigasi yang tersedia secara benar yakni seefisien dan seefektif dalam menggunakan air. Desa Kobisadar Kabupaten Maluku Tengah Provinsi Maluku memiliki lahan pertanian namun pada musin kemarau para petani sering mengalami kesulitan memenuhi kebutuhan air untuk lahan pertanian sawa. Berdasaran permasalahan tersebut kami melakukan penelitian dengan tujuan menghitung debit air dan kebutuhan air untuk kebutuhan lahan pertanian setiap area irigasi serta efisensi jaringan di desa Kobisadar. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini meliputi ; kecepatan rata-rata aliran air, menghitungan luas penampang, perhitungan debit aliran saluran, menghitung kebutuhan air tiap area irigasi dan perhitungan efisiensi pemberian air. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisa perbandingan kebutuhan debit dengan debit air aktual maka debit aktual pada saluran 1, 2, 4, 5 dan 6 mampu mencukupi kebutuhan air irigasi secara menyeluruh di area irigasinya. Pada saluran 3, debit aktual belum mampu mencukupi kebutuhan air irigasi di area irigasinya. Perhitungan nilai efisiensi pada saluran 1 nilai efisiensi 44.15%, saluran 2 nilai efisiensi 50.74%, saluran 3 nilai efisiensi 37.62%, saluran 4 nilai efisiensi 61.91%, saluran 5 nilai efisiensi 76.54%, saluran 6 nilai efisiensi 73.32%. Sehingga dapat di simpulakan bahwa secara keseluruhan nilai efisiensi yang ada tidak memenuhi standart efisiensi karena rata-rata nilai efisiensi pada tiap-tiap saluran tersebut dibawah 90%. Saluran dinilai efisien jika nilai efisiensi memenuhi standar efisiensi menurut Standart Perencanaan Irigasi Saluran Sekunder dengan tingkat efisiensi pengairan diatas 90%.
KAJIAN PERBANDINGAN PERFORMANCE ENERGI TURBIN ANGIN MODEL DUCTED DENGAN UN-DUCTED
Authors: Rumaherang Wulfilla Maxmilian , Laconawa Billi , Titahelu Nicolas , Louhenapessy Jandri 
Published: July 2022

Abstrak. Pengurangan emisi karbon dioxida secara signifikan sampai dengan 28% pada tahun 2030 menjadi isu penting sehingga diperlukan inovasi dan pemanfaatan energi angin sebagai salah sumber energi baru terbarukan hijau. Ada dua jenis tipe turbin angin dengan selubung (ducted) dan turbin angin aliran bebas (un-ducted). Aplikasi kedua turbin ini pada PLTB akan memberikan performance yang berbeda. Berapa perbedaan nilai parameter-parameter energi pada kedua turbin ini menjadi masih menjadi permasalahan dan fokus penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan perbandingan performance energi dari kedua model turbin tersebut dengan diameter impeller DM= 1 meter dengan menggunakan profil blade NACA 63-412. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pengujian di laboratorium pada variasi kecepatan angin 2 – 8 m/s. Nilai momen diperoleh melalui pembebanan bertahap pada prony break sampai putaran mencapai nilai yang telah ditentukan atau dihitung sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian parameter-paremeter energi menujukan bahwa peformance pada turbin angin dengan selubung (ducted wind turbine) lebih tinggi dari turbin angin tanpa selubung (un-ducted wind turbine). Nilai kenaikan daya turbin dengan selubung (ducted wind turbine) untuk kecepatan 2 – 8 m/s berkisar pada nilai Pducted = (0 – 2.5)Pun-ducted, Sehingga dari aspek konversi energy direkomendakian penggunaan turbin angin ducted.
Estimation of land surface temperature for Coimbatore District using Landsat imagery
Authors: P Aravind , S Selvakumar , G Thiyagarajan , Kannan Balaji , K Boomiraj 
Published: July 2022

The impact of climate change is visually witnessed in the present environment by various natural disasters. This phenomenon of land surface temperature is one of the significant aspects to be estimated for the study of climate change. The increase in Land Surface Temperature (LST) may be due to ongoing developments in the field of urbanization and globalization. The objective of the study was to estimate the increase in the LST in relation to the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and assess the spatial variation in the LST due to land use/land cover change. The study utilized Landsat 8 data to assess the land-use changes and their relation with LST in one of the main urbanized cities, i.e. Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu, using Landsat imagery due to the availability of various land cover types by using the mathematical expressions in ARCMAP software. This study compares the LST between 2015 and 2020 to observe the change in the NDVI and LST over a period of 5 years in the Coimbatore district. There was an increase of 1°C in 5 years and the area of high LST had been increased comparatively. The maximum LST was found to be 73°C in 2015, which increased to 74°C in the year 2020 ;and the minimum LST was found to be 15°C in 2015, which increased to 19°C in the year 2020 depicting the ongoing change in the land use of the district. The study findings will help promulgate sustainable urban land-use policies and can be used for mitigating climate change.
Impact of Watermelon bud necrosis virus (WBNV) infected plants on the volatile emission pattern in cowpea plants
Authors: Arunkumar P. , Kennedy J.S. , Rajabaskar D. , Aishwarya P. 
Published: July 2022

Pathogens, including tospoviruses, are known to manipulate the behaviour of vectors after virus acquisition by plants to enhance virus transmission. Furthermore, as recently proven in the maize chlorotic mottle virus pathosystem, the vector's choice for virus-infected plants can change to a preference for noninfected plants after virus uptake by the vector. A similar trend was observed in the cowpea - Watermelon Bud Necrosis Virus (WBNV) - Thrips palmi (Karny) pathosystem. Similarly, in the no-choice bioassay, viruliferous T.palmi (carrying WBNV) settled preferentially more on healthy cowpea plants (56%) compared to virus-infected plants (47.3%), whereas non-viruliferous T.palmi settled preferentially more on WBNV infected (58.67%) cowpea plants compared to healthy plants (44%). The changes in preference of thrips towards host plants before and after virus acquisition may be due to the change of volatile cues. This study looked at the headspace volatile composition of healthy and WBNV-infected cowpea plants that attract thrips. Furthermore, the volatile analysis revealed that 1, 2-Propanediamine (0.62%) and Tuaminoheptane (0.55%) from healthy cowpea plants, as well as Tetradecane (0.35%) from WBNV-infected cowpea plants, both have a higher area percent than other volatiles. The amine (53%) and hydrocarbon (69%) groups of volatile organic compounds make up the majority of host volatiles found in healthy and virus-infected plants. The increased contact rates of viruliferous and non-viruliferous T.palmi towards healthy and WBNV-infected host plants could enhance virus transmission if thrips feed on them and acquire the pathogen prior to dispersal and the recorded host volatiles might be useful in vector management in future.
Correlation and R2 analysis of radicle emergence test to predict seed vigour and field emergence in blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) seed lots
Authors: Chinnasamy G. P. , Sundareswaran S. , Vetrivel M. 
Published: July 2022

Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) is one of the major pulse crops grown throughout India. Prediction of seed vigour and field emergence of seed before sowing is important for assured yield. A standard germination test is time-consuming and does not always show the seed lot potential performance, especially if field conditions are not optimal. There is need of advanced technology, which can give a precise result in a short period. The experiment was conducted to correlate the radicle emergence test with seed vigour parameters to predict seed vigour and planting value of 10 varying vigour lots (L1, L2, L3, L4 - high vigour lots; L5, L6, L7 - medium vigour lots; L8, L9, L10 - low vigour lots) of blackgram var. VBN 6. The study showed that all the seed vigour parameters of the blackgram were more highly correlated with the percentage of radicle emergence with 2 mm length than with 1 mm length. The correlation analysis results showed that the radicle emergence test with 2 mm radicle length at 28 hours had a highly significant negative correlation with EC (electrical conductivity) of seed leachate (-0.974**), followed by MJGT (mean just germination time) (-0.967**) and MGT (mean germination time) (-0.933**). However, it was positively correlated with field emergence (0.972**), germination (0.952**) and dehydrogenase enzyme activity (0.928**). The maximum R2 value of 0.923 was recorded in the 28-hour counting of radicle emergence with a length of 2 mm compared with the 26-hour counting of radicle emergence with a length of 1 mm (0.913). The study concluded that counting 2 mm radicle emergence at the 28th hour could be used to quickly evaluate seed vigour in field emergence in blackgram seed lots.
Association analysis in Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Panda Debadatta , Bhakta R. S. , Chauhan D. A. 
Published: July 2022

In the millennium of an ever-growing population, feeding the millions ample amount of food with necessarily required nutrition has become a tough challenge. To cater protein requirement, plant-based protein, especially pulses, have always been a better option. Among the pulses, chickpea is one of the choicest crops being extensively cultivated throughout the world. However, the production and productivity of crops are not sufficient to meet consumer demand throughout the world. To aid in the selection process of chickpea breeding, the present study was performed to evaluate fifty-one kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm lines along with four checks for the degree and direction of association of twelve quantitative characters on yield in fifty five kabuli chickpea genotypes. Considerable positive correlation was found between the weight of 100 seeds and the height of the chickpea plant, but the number of pods per plant and seed volume per weight were observed to be in negative association with the former trait. The primary branch depicted a substantial amount of positive correlation with harvest index, seed yield per individual plant, pods produced per plant. Secondly, the current study on association analysis also unveiled positive and highly significant correlations of the number of primary branches, height at the first pod set, pods/plant, and weight of 100 seeds on seed yield, suggesting their further use as selection criteria in the process of crop improvement.
Effect of seed treatments on seed germination and seedling parameters in the F2 generation of mundu chilli (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Kabilan M. , Balakumbahan R. , Nageswari K. , Santha S. 
Published: July 2022

Germination in chilli seeds is poor and the duration taken for the germination is long. In order to overcome their problems in germination, the seeds were to be subjected to seed treatments, So that the germination would be effective. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Vegetable Science HC & RI, Tami Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Periyakulam to study the effect of seed treatment views on the seedling character of mundu chilli. The experiment was laid in FCRD design with three replications. In this study, four F2 crosses viz., PKM CA 20 X PKM CA 08 (C1), PKM CA 32 X PKM CA 33 (C2), PKM CA 32 X PKM CA 20 (C3), PKM CA 38 X PKM CA 33 (C4) and seven treatments namely, Control (T0), Seed treatment with KNO3 0.5% (T1), Seed treatment GA3 50 ppm (T2), Seed treatment with NAA 100 ppm (T3), Hot water seed treatment at 60° C for 15 minutes (T4), Seed treatment with cow urine (T5), Seed treatment with Trichoderma viride (T6). Among all F2 crosses, PKM CA 38 X PKM CA 33 (C4) was most responsive to seed treatments in terms of the percent of seed germination and vigor index, followed by progeny PKM CA 32 X PKM CA 33 (C2) for root length and PKM CA 32 X PKM CA 20 (C3) for shoot length. The statistical analysis of the data showed the superiority of all the seed treatments over the control. The GA₃ treatment resulted in the maximum percentage of seed germination, root length, shoot length and vigor index followed by KNO3. GA3 breaks the dormancy in the seeds and induces seed germination rapidly. Thus GA3 finds its way as the seed treatment agent in chilli.