bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is affordable housing a pro‐poor policy? Evidence from a prominent housing policy in Iran
Authors: Ghazaie Mohammad , Rafieian Mojtaba 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper examines if affordable housing as a representative of planning serves the pro‐poor policies or is used as a means against the poor. To this aim, Mehr housing, as the most significant and costly affordable housing planning practice in Iran, is studied by conducting a comprehensive review of 65 different related studies and using data‐driven coding, with results compared with other contexts. Findings are classified into four main categories entitled “production and reproduction of poverty,” “money participates rather than individuals,” “the construction of shelters rather than residential environment,” and “unsustainable affordable housing developments.” Considering the relationships between categories and comparing them with experiences in other contexts indicate that affordable housing planning serves as an anti‐pro‐poor policy using the poor as means, not ends, for the salvation of state and/or society. This process ended in sweeping the poor into formal informalities. Reorientation of power and relying on local settings are pathways for planning to serve pro‐poor policies.
Capturing experimental properties in computationally efficient faceted titania nanoparticle models
Authors: Repa Gil M. , Fredin Lisa A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the surface chemistry of nanostructured has long been a priority to improve photochemical device efficiency. Faceted nanoparticles, characterized by known facets not at thermodynamically ideal ratios, are particularly challenging to model due to the large number of chemical and computational parameters that must be chosen for which there is no experimental guidance. This research supplies a modeling framework for faceted nanoparticles that provides rationale for such decisions. By performing full density‐functional theory optimization and characterization on a series of inter‐related anatase nanoparticles displaying {101}, (001), and {010} facets with sizes up to 202 units, parameter space is mapped with regard to particle size, shape, defects, and optimization protocol. Specifically, it is shown that pre‐optimization is necessary in order to achieve a sufficiently delocalized electronic structure, and the increased reorganization afforded by removing higher coordinated Ti atoms compensates the high formation energy of creating these defects. Furthermore, by characterizing differently shaped nanoparticles with the same number of units, this research provides direct observation of shape effects on nanoparticles.
In situ slip estimation for mobile robots in outdoor environments
Authors: Nourizadeh Payam , Stevens McFadden Fiona J. , Browne Will N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAccounting for wheel–terrain interaction is crucial for navigation and traction control of mobile robots in outdoor environments and rough terrains. Wheel slip is one of the surface hazards that needs to be detected to mitigate against the risk of losing the robot's controllability or mission failure occurring. The open problems in the Terramechanics field addressed are (1) the need for in situ wheel‐slippage estimation in harsh environments using low‐cost/power and easy to integrate sensors, and (2) removing the need for prior information of the soil, which is not always available. This paper presents a novel slip estimation method that utilizes only two proprioceptive sensors (IMU and wheel encoder) to estimate the wheel slip using deep learning methods. It is experimentally shown to be real‐world feasible in outdoor, uneven terrains without prior soil information assumptions. Comparison with previously used machine learning algorithms for continuous and discrete slip estimation problems show more than 9% and 14% improvement in estimation performance, respectively.
Monolith soil core sampling to develop nitrate testing protocol for manure injection
Authors: Meinen Robert J. , Beegle Douglas B. , Vishwanath Siddharth , Kleinman Peter J. A. , Saporito Louis S. , Spargo John , Karsten Heather , Dillon Justin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInjecting manure and commercial fertilizer beneath the soil surface is an important nutrient management practice that conserves ammonia‐nitrogen (N) but creates distinct bands of N below the soil surface. To date, no widely accepted soil nitrate sampling protocol has been developed to account for the extreme heterogeneity created by injection. To develop sampling recommendations for Pre‐Sidedress Nitrate Test (PSNT), we quantified patterns of NO3−‐N concentrations in soil of corn (Zea mays L.) plots injected with liquid dairy cattle (Bos taurus L.) manure at 76 cm spacing over 2 years. Soil monoliths were collected to allow precise sampling of 30 cm deep by 2.5 cm soil cores from which a mid‐season PSNT was determined. Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to simulate the effects of alternative soil sampling protocols on bias and error. Results from the simulation support the following equispaced sampling protocol: five, 30‐cm deep soil cores are spaced 15 cm apart and oriented in a line perpendicular to the injected manure bands, collected at four locations in the field, to produce a single composite of 20 samples for NO3− analysis. It is not necessary to know manure band location. As spatially discrete manure application patterns become more prevalent with the expansion of manure injection, we believe this PSNT sampling protocol balances risk of error with practical concerns needed to promote adoption.
Simplicial depth and its median: Selected properties and limitations
Authors: Nagy Stanislav 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDepth functions are important tools of nonparametric statistics that extend orderings, ranks, and quantiles to the setup of multivariate data. We revisit the classical definition of the simplicial depth and explore its theoretical properties when evaluated with respect to datasets or measures that do not necessarily possess a symmetric density. Recent advances from discrete geometry are used to refine the results about the robustness and continuity of the simplicial depth and its induced multivariate median. Further, we compute the exact simplicial depth in several scenarios and point out some undesirable behavior: (i) the simplicial depth does not have to be maximized at the center of symmetry of the distribution, (ii) it is not necessarily unimodal, and can possess local extremes, and (iii) the sets of the induced multivariate medians or other central regions do not have to be connected.
Fabrication and Characterization of Heterogeneous Sheet‐like Mesoporous Cu3(PO4)2⋅3H2O Catalysts and Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Styrene
Authors: Pan Lingling , Song Chunlei , Wang Jin , Sun Junduo , Zhou Shijian , Kong Yan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work, without template and additives, sheet‐like mesoporous Cu3(PO4)2 ⋅ 3H2O was successfully used to create by a simple solvothermal method. XRD, FT‐IR, BET and SEM methods were used to characterize the structure and properties of the samples that were produced. The results revealed that the stacked mesoporous structure of the target sheet‐like product was well‐formed, and the pore diameter was centered at 3.17 nm. In addition, the sheet‐like mesoporous Cu3(PO4)2 ⋅ 3H2O shows excellent ability to improve the yield of styrene oxide by the research of solvents, catalyst dosage, molar ratio of styrene/TBHP, the reaction temperature and the reaction time in the reaction system. Thus, when the solvent was acetonitrile, the catalyst dosage was 10 mg, the molar ratio of styrene/TBHP was 1 : 4, the reaction temperature was 80 °C, and the reaction time was 8 h, the yield of styrene was 74.7 % and the conversion of styrene was 96.7 %, demonstrating that styrene oxide and benzaldehyde were the major products of the process. The cyclic stability of the catalyst was further assessed, and implied that the catalytic activity, selectivity, and the catalyst‘s properties fails to change significantly after five cycles, which further indicates the superior stability of the catalyst.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reactions: An Overview
Authors: Nathaniel Chennattuparambil Roy , Dhanya Raju , Saranya Padinjare Veettil , Anilkumar Gopinathan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMulticomponent reactions have received a lot of attention as a potential method for the synthesis of a wide range of complex organic molecules. Rapid development is being made in this field because of its importance in the chemical, pharmaceutical, biological, and industrial areas. Nickel is a versatile catalyst that can be used in a variety of synthetic transformations. In this review, we discuss the advancements in the field of Nickel‐catalyzed multicomponent reactions, covering the literature up to 2021.
Modified basicity from ZnO‐CaO synergy for the synthesis of oxamide
Authors: Shang Baobao , Qiao Luyang , Zhou Zhangfeng , Zong Shanshan , Qin Yeyan , Yao Yuangen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractComposite ZnO‐CaO catalysts with different Zn/Ca molar ratios were investigated, and the ZnCa‐0.25 (Zn/Ca=0.25) catalyst showed excellent catalytic performance on the aminolysis reaction of dimethyl oxalate for oxamide (OA) synthesis. The physicochemical properties of the catalyst were investigated by XRD, Raman, SEM, STEM, XPS, CO2‐TPD, UV‐vis diffuse reflectance. The results indicated that strong basic sites created by ZnO‐CaO synergy could promote the aminolysis of dimethyl oxalate (DMO). Upper moved valence band top in the ZnCa‐0.25 suggested feasible electron transition in basic sites, which endowed catalyst stronger ability on the electron donor at the active site had a stronger effect on the activation of reactants at the ZnO‐CaO interface, thus led to a remarkable OA yield of 97.6 %.
Alcohol‐based Hand Sanitizers amid COVID‐19: Chemical Formulation, Analysis, Safety
Authors: Islam Monarul , Shahin Ahmed Khondoker , Karim Rezaul , Nath Bikash Dev , Prosad Moulick Shyama , Islam Rashedul , Mahmudul Hassan Sharkar Md. , Hossain Hemayet , Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Jahan M. Sarwar , Ali Shaikh Aftab , Georghiou Paris E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlcohol‐based hand sanitizers (ABHSs) containing ethanol (EtOH) or isopropyl alcohol (IPA) to inactivate microorganisms help prevent the spread of respiratory diseases. These products have become very popular during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Apart from vaccines or other preventative antiseptic measures, the majority of consumers have relied on different types of ABHSs to disinfect their hands. As a result, there has been a global rush in the demand for these ABHSs and other antiseptic hygiene products. This has resulted in the formation of many new commercial sanitizer producers. There are around fifty companies of varying sizes that have been marketing their ABHSs in Bangladesh, most of which have only been manufacturing their products for the first time since the COVID‐19 pandemic. To monitor the quality and components of these products, the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) analyzed approximately 200 different hand sanitizer samples using GC‐FID method. All samples were alcohol‐based except for 3 which were alcohol‐free aqueous hand sanitizers. Of the supplied formulated ABHSs, 80 samples were found to contain only IPA and 54 contained only EtOH. However, 28 samples were found to be contaminated with methanol (MeOH), 7 samples contained only MeOH and 18 samples contained both EtOH and IPA. This is the first study to explore the analysis of alcohol content in formulated ABHSs and their marketing status in Bangladesh, but the findings could be of use in other jurisdictions as similar issues have been raised in many parts of the world.
TiCl4‐Mediated Dealkylative Cyclization of Arylidene‐azol‐ones
Authors: Zaitseva Elvira R. , Ivanov Dmitrii S. , Sokolov Anatolii I. , Mikhaylov Andrey A. , Baleeva Nadezhda S. , Korlyukov Alexander A. , Myasnyanko Ivan N. , Smirnov Alexander Y. , Baranov Mikhail S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA new general approach for the synthesis of azolo[4,5‐b]quinolines via dealkylative TiCl4‐mediated cyclization of 2‐dialkylamino‐arylidene‐azol‐ones upon heating in dichloroethane is found. The reaction scope and limitations are established, showing that at least two different heterocyclic cores could be obtained. Dozen products were obtained in moderate to good yields (22–64 %).
Synthesis of MCM‐41@SO3H‐Polymixin B Nanocomposite for Extraction and Determination of Lipopolysaccharide from Aqueous Solutions using Taguchi Fractional Factorial Design
Authors: Hedayati Ch Mojtaba , Mehmandoost Du Edris , Golshekan Mostafa , Mojtahedi Ali , Mobayen Mohammadreza 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a component of Gram‐negative bacteria‘s outer membrane that, when released into aqueous solutions, can have devastating consequences for human health. In this study, sulfonic acid‐functionalized mesoporous silica nanocomposites bound to polymixin‐B was synthesized and their functionality to absorb the bacterial LPS from human serum was investigated. Briefly, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from burn wounds and its LPS was extracted. Then, Mesoporous MCM‐41 nanocomposites were fabricated and functionalized with the sulfonic acid groups. Finally, nanocomposites were used to extract LPS from human serum and statistical data were analyzed using the Taguchi method. Extraction of bacterial LPS with a modified method, optimization of factors affecting the extraction of endotoxin using Taguchi method, introduction of new nano‐composites with nanometer pores and obtaining results with 96 % effectiveness in removing LPS in LAL and MTT tests were the most important findings. The obtained calibration curve was linear in the ranges of 1–300 μg L‐1 with reasonable linearity (r2>0.998). The limit of detection (LOD) based on S/N=3 was 0.03 μg L‐1 for 10 mL sample volumes.
Mild and Efficient Reductive N,N‐Dimethylation of Amines by Using 1,3‐Dimethylimidazole‐2‐ylidene Borane (diMe‐Imd‐BH3)
Authors: Haque Muhammad Zeeshan Ul , Hashmi Imran Ali , Qureshi Muhammad Taha , Bari Ahmad , Musharraf Syed Ghulam , Ali Firdous Imran 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHerein, we report a new, simple, one pot and chemoselective method for N‐methylation and N,N‐dimethylation of aliphatic and aromatic amines under ambient conditions using NHC‐borane i.e 1,3‐dimethylimidazole‐2‐ylidene borane (diMe‐Imd‐BH3), as reducing agent. The present strategy has significant advantages like mild reaction conditions, quick and effortless work‐up processes, and the use of non‐toxic inexpensive reagents. The amines with acid‐sensitive moieties are also methylated successfully.
Green Synthesis of Gelatin‐Lipid Nanocarriers Incorporating Berberis aristata Extract for Cancer Therapy; Physical Characterization, Pharmacological and Molecular Modeling Analysis
Authors: Zaib Sumera , Saeed Shah Hamid , Usman Faisal , Shahzadi Kiran , Mazhar Asjad Hafiz , Khan Riffat , Dera Ayed A. , Adel Pashameah Rami , Alzahrani Eman , Farouk Abd‐ElAziem , Khan Imtiaz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCancer remains strongly associated with morbidity and lethality posing a massive challenge to public health from decades. Thus, new interventions, effective and meaningful therapeutic approaches towards the treatment of cancer are urgently required. In this regard, nanotechnology offers an efficacious pharmacological application towards anticancer therapy. Therefore, the current study was aimed to develop Berberis aristata aqueous extract loaded gelatin lipid‐nanocarriers to explore their in vitro and in vivo antitumor properties. The extract loaded gelatin lipid nanoparticles were formulated by using double emulsion solvent evaporation method and physical characterization was performed using various techniques. Hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential and polydispersity index (PDI) of GLN‐BA were observed as 322±7 nm, −31.49±4.85 mV and 0.397±0.102 mV, respectively. The extract was efficiently entrapped within the GLN (EE=79±11 %) and follow the diffusion type release mechanism. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated the spherical shaped smooth morphology of nanospheres. In vitro anticancer activity of GLN‐BA was performed by SRB assay and shown to demonstrate effective cytotoxicity (IC50=4.73±2.95 μg/mL) against MCF‐7 which was further quantitatively and qualitatively verified by flow cytometry, genotoxicity and DAPI staining. Induction of apoptotic bodies provides the evidence for apoptosis mediated cytotoxicity. Further, in vivo analysis on female mice was carried out to corroborate anticancer activity and was comparable to cisplatin. At 10th day, the GLN‐BA (10 mg/kg) prominently reduced the tumor volume to 35±11 % in consistent with cisplatin (3 mg/kg) which exhibited 41±5 % reduction. Moreover, molecular modeling analysis substantiates the stable nanoformulation encapsulating the BA bioactive constituent. Taken together, current findings supported the therapeutic effectiveness of BA encapsulated gelatin lipid nanoparticles towards breast cancer suggesting the use of medicinal plant as a prototype to treat tumor.
Research Progress on the Synthesis of Different Types of Gemini Surfactants with a Functionalized Hydrophobic Moiety and Spacer
Authors: Gyani Devi Yumnam , Koya Pulikkal Ajmal , Gurung Jackson 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGemini surfactants are advantageous over conventional surfactants as they find applications as antimicrobial agents, corrosion inhibitors, enhanced oil recovery, capping agents for nanoparticle synthesis, drug delivery agents, etc. This article provides a detailed overview of synthetic procedures for various types of geminis and the fundamental physicochemical parameters of these systems. This includes a discussion on the cationic geminis based on various groups such as biphenyl, amide (with/without alkane tail), binol, quaternary ammonium (with/without hydroxyl group as a spacer), morpholinium, pyridinium, amide (with/without alkane tail), ester quaternary ammonium, and imidazolium (spacer with/without hydroxyl group and thioether/ester) types. Further, it is focused on anionic geminis with carboxylate, borate, and sulfonate head groups. Zwitterionic geminis such as betaine surfactants, cocogem surfactants based on dodecylisopropylol amine and dicarboxylic acid, diester type, sulphobetaine gemini based on S‐triazine, zwitterionic hetero gemini containing ammonium and carboxylate head groups, zwitterionic gemini containing quaternary ammonium and a sulfate group, gemini containing phosphodiester anion and quaternary ammonium salt are also reviewed. Lastly, synthesis of nonionic geminis from sunflower oil, amide‐based nonionic, sulfonamide nonionic, N,N’‐diethylaminedialkyldiamide nonionic gemini, sugar‐based gemini, and nonionic gemini with sulfonate spacer have been discussed.
One‐Pot Three‐Component Domino Synthesis of Isoxazolo[5,4‐b]pyrano[2,3‐f]quinolines: An Efficient Fluorescent Turn‐off Chemosensor for Picric Acid
Authors: Rubina Stephen Raja , Leka Sivakumar Indhu , Priya Karthikeyan Sathya , Kumar Raju Ranjith , Murugesan Sepperumal 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of novel isoxazolo[5,4‐b]pyrano[2,3‐f]quinoline hybrids has been achieved through a one‐pot three‐component reaction of 3‐methyl‐7,8‐dihydroisoxazolo[5,4‐b]quinolin‐5(6H)‐one, isatins or aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile in the presence of a base at ambient temperature. The reaction occurred through a domino Knoevenagel‐Michael type addition‐O‐cyclization sequence in a single transformation to afford the products in excellent yields. One of the isoxazolo[5,4‐b]pyrano[2,3‐f]quinoline was found to be highly sensitive towards picric acid with a lower limit of detection of 1.2 μM and quenching constant of 2.02×103 M−1
Target Analyte Interaction with a New Julolidine Coupled Benzoxazole‐based Dyad: A combined Photophysical, Theoretical (DFT), and Bioimaging Study
Authors: Mahato Manas , Sarkar Pallobi , Sultana Tuhina , Tohora Najmin , Ghanta Susanta , Das Ankita , Dutta Pallab , Kumar Das Sudhir 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA julolidine‐coupled benzoxazole‐based fluorescent chemosensor (BPOZ) is designed and developed to investigate the different target analyte interactions spectroscopically. Based on the ′off‐on‐off′ photoluminescence mechanism, the as‐prepared BPOZ is used for sequentially detecting Zn2+ and HSO4− ions, respectively. The UV‐visible absorption and photoluminescence spectral behavior is intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) in nature. When Zn2+ ions bind with BPOZ, its fluorescence is significantly enhanced at 512 nm due to chelation‐enhanced fluorescence. A green color emission is also visible under 365 nm UV light exposure, which is also confirmed by the color chromaticity diagram. Chelation‐enhanced photoluminescence is also manifested in the lifetime decay analysis. Further, it is well supported by different spectroscopic techniques and DFT analysis. In the presence of HSO4− ions, photoluminescence of the Zn2+ chelated BPOZ complex is significantly reduced, rebirthing the free BPOZ. The detection limit of BPOZ for Zn2+ and Zn2+ chelated BPOZ complex towards detecting Zn2+ and HSO4− ions is established to be in the order of nM and μM range, respectively, in the solution phase. Among the various explosive nitroaromatic compounds, picric acid (PA) quenched the emission of the Zn2+ chelated BPOZ complex, and the quenching mechanism is found to be both static and dynamic in nature. Using these chemically prearranged inputs and optical outputs, two inputs, INHIBIT, and three inputs, combinational logic gates have been constructed. The BPOZ chemosensor and Zn2+ chelated BPOZ complex are also employed to map Zn2+ ions and PA in the living cell. The performance of the BPOZ chemosensor and Zn2+ chelated BPOZ complex toward Zn2+ ions and PA proved that it could be exploited as a signal tool for environmental and biological samples.
Tough to digest: first record of Teleosauroidea (Thalattosuchia) in a regurgitalite from the Upper Jurassic of north‐eastern Italy
Authors: Serafini Giovanni , Gordon Caleb M. , Foffa Davide , Cobianchi Miriam , Giusberti Luca 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPostcranial remains of a small teleosauroid from the Upper Jurassic of north‐eastern Italy are described in detail. The specimen, discovered in 1980 on a slab of Rosso Ammonitico Veronese (RAV Fm.; Bajocian–Tithonian), is represented by partially articulated thoracic, sacral and anterior caudal vertebrae, fractured and displaced osteoderms and pelvic girdle elements. Additional bone elements overlap one another in a densely packed cluster. The peculiar arrangement of this specimen is here interpreted as the result of regurgitation of the animal carcass from a pelagic predator or scavenger. Microstructural and geochemical evidence from bone and surrounding matrix support this hypothesis. A dearth of phosphorus in the matrix near the bone mass corroborates the interpretation of the specimen as a regurgitalite rather than a coprolite. Calcareous nannofossil and stratigraphic data allow us to assign the fossil to the latest Kimmeridgian or earliest Tithonian. The specimen is here tentatively referred to the teleosauroid subfamily Aeolodontinae based on the alternating pattern of the osteoderm ornamentation; this attribution is supported by stratigraphical and palaeoenvironmental evidence. If confirmed, this represents the first occurrence of Aeolodontinae in Italian outcrops of the western Tethys margin and represents the first marine crocodylomorph described as a bromalite.