bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of microalga Desmodesmus subspicatus, polyamines and plant growth regulators on the in vitro propagation of Cattleya warneri
Authors: Navarro Quezia Rocha , Corrêa Diego de Oliveira , Behling Alexandre , Noseda Miguel Daniel , Ribas Luciana Lopes Fortes 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Cattleya warneri, an orchid with high ornamental potential, suffers indiscriminate harvest and is classified as a vulnerable species, requiring propagation studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of biomass or aqueous extract of Desmodesmus subspicatus microalga, polyamines (PAs) and plant growth regulators (PGRs): 6-benzyladenine (BA) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on the in vitro propagation of C. warneri using the thin cell layer (TCL) technique. Entire protocorms and transversal sections (tTCLs) or longitudinal sections (lTCLs) were grown in MS culture medium, with the concentration of macronutrients reduced by half (MSM/2) containing D. subspicatus biomass or extract Pas, and BA and/or NAA. The results indicated that the apical tTCLs were the best explants and the entire protocorms formed seedlings. The regeneration of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) was more efficient with the addition of 1.5 g L− 1 of microalgae biomass (92% and 4.7 PLBs) or 1.0 g L− 1 of extract (100% and 3.3 PLBs) and 8 µM BA (89% and 5.2 PLBs). The biomass (1.0 g L− 1) or extract (2.0 g L− 1) also enabled PLBs regeneration from entire protocorms (70% and 4.0 PLBs, 50% and 3.2 PLBs, respectively). The plant acclimatization was recommended using coconut fiber and vermiculite (1:1, v/v) as substrate (survival rate 84%% and greater fresh mass 0.895 g). In conclusion, a rapid and efficient protocol for the mass propagation of C. warneri was achieved using the TCL technique. In addition, MSM/2 medium supplementation with biomass and extract of D. subspicatus is an effective alternative to replace conventional PGRs.
Phenotypes and Functions of Dendritic Cells in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-derived Humoral Immunity
Authors: Cui An , Li Anni , Hu Wei , Wang Chao , Zhang Dian , Tang Jia , Qin Xiangyu , Qian Junwei , Maimaitimin Abolaihaiti , Ai Jingwen , Zhang Wenhong , Chen Mingquan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
DCs regulate humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 by regulating CD4 + T cell activation, but the relations between DC phenotypes and functions and anti-RBD antibodies are unclear. We conducted this observational study in Huashan Hospital using a third 6.5U BBIBP-CorV or 25 µg ZF2001 administered at an interval of 4 to 8 months following the previous two doses in healthy adults. anti-RBD response and neutralizing titers against SARS-CoV-2 and VOCs were examined. DC maturation markers and pattern recognition receptors and cytokines produced by DC were measured, and DC function was tested in mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR). Mean anti-RBD Ab and IgG rose from 22.08 and 9.17 on D0 to 4704.18 and 798.11 on D14(BAU/ml). Meanwhile, the surrogate virus neutralization test(sVNT) elevated from 17.15 on D0 to 2538.83 on D14. The expression of DC maturation markers on D3 and MLR were negatively correlated to sVNT, anti-RBD antibody, and IgG titers on D14(Spearman r=-0.558~-0.326) and D28(Spearman r=-0.615~-0.397), but positively correlated to IgG/Ab ratio(Spearman r = 0.249 ~ 0.509). DC function in activating T cells was also negatively related to anti-RBD antibody titer on D28(r=-0.532~-0.453, p = 0.015 ~ 0.035), and positively correlated with the proportion of anti-RBD IgG in Ab(r = 0.490 ~ 0.561, p = 0.010 ~ 0.032). DC-SIGN level showed a relation to antibody titer and IgG proportion opposite to DC maturation and function and was negatively related to the level of IL-10 produced by DCs. Our research suggested that DCs controlled CD4 + T cells in differentiating into regular T cells, and DC-SIGN might restrain T regular cells by suppressing IL-10 production of DC in anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Cost-Effective and Green Additives of Pozzolanic Material Derived from The Waste of Alum Sludge for Successful Replacement of Portland Cement
Authors: Mohamed O. A. , Farghali A. A. , Eessaa Ashraf K , El-Shamy A. M 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The primary purpose of this investigation was to find out whether it would be feasible to successfully replace Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) with 5, 10, or 15 mass % of activated alum sludge waste (AAS) as a pozzolanic material. This was the overarching question that guided the research that was conducted. A study into the use of low-cost nanocomposites to increase the physical, mechanical, and stability against the fire of OPC–AAS-hardened composites was carried out. The goal of this inquiry was to explore the utilization of low-cost nanocomposite. Producing CuFe2O4 spinel nanoparticles with an average particle size of less than 50 nm was doable. The introduction of CuFe2O4 spinel into a variety of OPC–AAS-hardened composites improve both the physicomechanical characteristics of the composites at nearly typical curing ages as well as the resistance of the composites to the effects of fire. Techniques such as TGA/DTG and XRD were utilized to provide evidence that synthesized CuFe2O4 spinel had favorable properties. These approaches revealed the presence of a range of hydration yields, such as CSHs, CASHs, CFSHs, and CuSHs, which improve the overall physicomechanical parameters as well as the thermal stability of a wide variety of OPC–AAS-hardened composites. The composite material that is composed of (90 % OPC, 10 % AAS waste, and 2 % CuFe2O4 offer several advantages, both financially and ecologically.
Role of natural and man-made structures as nurseries for coral reef fish
Authors: Gairin Emma , Minier Lana , Claverie Thomas , Dromard Charlotte R. , Maueau Tehani , Collin Antoine , Frédérich Bruno , Bertucci Frédéric , Lecchini David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Coastal habitats have long been recognised to be nurseries for many marine organisms. The nursery role of different habitats for various fish species was investigated on a range of reef and coastal habitats on a coral reef island. Barrier and fringing reefs, pinnacles, tall vegetation zones, coastal rush and grass zones, mangroves, seawalls, and beaches were surveyed during three months in 2021 on the tropical island of Bora-Bora. Predators were most present on man-made walls, where the juvenile density was lowest. However, while juveniles were abundant on mangroves, the species richness was low. Using these results, the impact of urbanisation on coral reef fish was investigated and the validity and relevance of commonly-used nursery criteria were discussed within the frame of coral reef management. The island-wide approach of this study sets the ground to define targets for the preservation of ecosystems that play a key part in the life cycle of marine reef organisms.
Enhanced hippocampal LTP but typical NMDA receptor and AMPA receptor function in a novel rat model of CDKL5 deficiency disorder
Authors: de Oliveira L Simões , O’Leary HE , Nawaz MS , Loureiro R , Davenport EC , Baxter P , Louros SR Ribeiro dos , Dando OR , Perkins E , Osterweil E , Hardingham GE , Cousin MA , Chattarji S , Booker SA , Benke TA , Wyllie DJA , Kind PC 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Mutations in the X-linked gene cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) cause a severe neurological disorder characterised by early-onset epileptic seizures, autism and intellectual disability (ID). Impaired hippocampal function has been implicated in other models of monogenic forms of autism spectrum disorders and ID and is often linked to epilepsy and behavioural abnormalities. Many individuals with CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) have null mutations and complete loss of CDKL5 protein, therefore in the current study we used a novel Cdkl5 KO rat model to elucidate the impact of CDKL5 loss on cellular excitability and synaptic function of CA1 pyramidal cells (PCs). We hypothesised abnormal pre and/or post synaptic function underlie the enhanced LTP we observe in the hippocampus of Cdkl5 KO rats.Methods: To allow cross-species comparisons of phenotypes associated with the loss of CDKL5, we generated a loss of function mutation in exon 8 of the rat Cdkl5 gene using Crispr-Cas9 technology. We then tested our hypothesis using a combination of extracellular and whole-cell electrophysiological recordings, biochemistry, and histology. Results: CA1 hippocampal LTP is increased only in juvenile rats. We show that NMDA receptor function and subunit expression are unaltered throughout development, and Ca2+ permeable AMPA receptor mediated currents are unchanged in Cdkl5 KO rats. We observe reduced mEPSC frequency accompanied by increased spine density in basal dendrites of CA1 PCs, however we find no evidence supporting an increase in silent synapses when assessed using a minimal stimulation protocol in slices. Additionally, we found no change in paired-pulse ratio, consistent with normal release probability in Cdkl5 KO rats and supported by typical expression of pre-synaptic proteins in synaptosome preparations. Together these data indicate a role for CDKL5 in hippocampal synaptic function and raise the possibility that altered intracellular signalling rather than synaptic deficits might contribute to the altered plasticity.Limitations: This study has focussed on the electrophysiological and anatomical properties of hippocampal neurons across early postnatal development. Studies involving other brains regions, older animals and behavioural phenotypes associated with the loss of CDKL5 are needed to understand the pathophysiology of CDD.
Experimental Investigation of Emission and Performance Characteristics of CI Engine Fueled with Upgraded Microwave Pyrolysis Karanja Seed Bio-Oil
Authors: Anbu Mathiarasu , Balakichenin Radjaram , Muthaiyan Pugazhvadivu , Sundaramoorthy Surendarnath , Amesho Kassian T.T. , Subramani Venkatesan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The main objective of the present research work is to utilize the produced bio-oil from microwave pyrolysis of Karanja, a non-edible seed, as fuel for diesel engines by increasing some up-gradation in it the quality of the fuel. The emulsification process is carried out to improve the stability of the diesel-bio-oil blend using SPAN80 and TWEEN80, which lasted for 28 days without any layer separation termed as EKB20. The addition of 5% DEE and 10% DEE into EKB20 is done to enhance the combustion characteristics of the diesel engine. The produced bio-oil fuels were tested in a Kirloskar make, four-stroke, single-cylinder, direct injection diesel engine of 5.2 kW rated power output. The addition of DEE reduces the peak pressure by 4 bar and increases the heat release rate due to the higher volatility of DEE. At full load conditions, the thermal brake efficiency improved by 9.31% and 14.11%, respectively, compared to EKB20. Adding 5% DEE and 10% DEE at the rated power output reduced the smoke density by 18.42% and 60.25%, respectively, compared to EKB20 and 5% and 4% compared to diesel. The addition of 5% DEE and 10% DEE shows a 39% and 51% increase in NOX concentration and a 90% reduction in CO emission at the maximum brake power output. Hence, it is concluded that the fuels EKB20 + 5% DEE and EKB20 + 10% DEE can be used as alternative fuels for diesel engines.
Predicting Rectal Cancer Response to Total Neoadjuvant Treatment Using Artificial Intelligence Modeling Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Data
Authors: Ouyang Ganlu , Chen Zhebin , Dou Meng , Luo Xu , Wen Han , Deng Xiangbing , Meng Wenjian , Yu Yongyang , Wu Bing , Jiang Dan , Wang Ziqiang , Luo Feng , Yao Yu , Wang Xin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose To develop a model for predicting response of Total Neoadjuvant Treatment (TNT) for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) based on baseline MRI and clinical data using artificial intelligence method.Methods Patients with LARC who received TNT were enrolled retrospectively. We defined two groups of response to TNT as pCR vs non-pCR (Group 1), and high sensitivity vs moderate sensitivity vs low sensitivity (Group 2). We extracted and selected clinical and radiomic features on baseline T2WI. Then we built logistic regression (LR) models and deep learning (DL) models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis was performed to assess predictive performance of models.Results Eighty-nine patients were assigned to the training cohort, and 29 patients were assigned to the testing cohort randomly. Four predictive models were built. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of LR models, which were predictive of high sensitivity and pCR, were 0.853 and 0.866. While AUC of DL models were 0.829 and 0.838. The accuracy of the models with group 1 are higher than group 2. Conclusion There was no significant difference between LR model and DL model. The prediction model constructed by the grouping method of pCR vs non-pCR has a higher accuracy.
Heavy grazing led to the decrease of competitive intensity relationships among dominant populations of clustered grasses in a desert steppe
Authors: Wang Zihan , Lv Shijie , Liu Hongmei , Men Xinyang , Chen Chen , Li Zhiguo , Wang Zhongwu , Han Guodong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
AimsDesert steppe is an important ecological barrier in northern China. Stipa breviflora and Cleistogenes songorica are the dominant species in the desert steppe. Both plant populations undergo plant cluster fragmentation to varying degrees when subject to grazing interference. However, when both plant populations are present in the same plant community, changes in their inter-specific relationship under grazing is important for regulation of the plant community and its functions. MethodsThis study investigated S. breviflora and C. songorica in a desert steppe, and used variance analysis, the Jaccard index and simple linear regression model analysis methods to study differences in the density of both species under four grazing intensities (i.e., control (CK) 0 sheep·hm-2·half year-1, light grazing (LG) 0.93 sheep·hm-2·half year-1, moderate grazing (MG) 1.82 sheep·hm-2·half year-1 and heavy grazing (HG) 2.71 sheep·hm-2·half year-1) at six scales (i.e., 5 cm×5 cm, 10 cm×10 cm, 20 cm×20 cm, 25 cm×25 cm, 50 cm×50 cm and 100 cm×100 cm). The study explored the competitive relationships between the plant populations. ResultsResults showed that grazing changes the relationship between dominant species. As grazing intensity increases, the competitive abilities of S. breviflora and C. songorica first increased and then decreased. Under heavy grazing conditions, the dominant populations of clustered grasses in the desert steppe resisted interference from high-intensity grazing by reducing inter-specific competition. ConclusionsAs grazing intensity increased, the densities of S. breviflora and C. songorica increased, and the increase became more obvious as the scale of analysis increased.
The effect of ground cover on the mortality of ground-dwelling immature stages of Ceratitis capitata in Eastern Spain
Authors: Cruz-Miralles Joaquín , Guzzo Michela , Ibáñez-Gual M. Victoria , Óscar Dembilio , Jaques JA 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Three developmental stages of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, can be found in the soil (late third instar larvae, pupae, and teneral adults). These stages are susceptible to predation by generalist ground-dwelling predators. Our objectives have been to investigate the association between ground cover management (bare soil/BS, a seeded cover of Festuca arundinacea/FA and a mulch of straw/M), the emergence success of C. capitata, and the activity density of the most important groups of ground-dwelling predators (spiders, beetles, ants and earwigs). As expected, C. capitata emergence was lower in a seeded cover of Festuca arundinacea (FA) and a mulch of straw (M) (10.2%) relative to bare soil (BS) (13.2%). This was related to higher diversity and activity density of ground-dwelling predators in FA and M compared to BS. The contribution of the ground-dwelling predators considered in this study to this reduction highlights the key role of beetles, earwigs and, to a lesser extent, ants, while the contribution of the most abundant group of ground-dwelling predators, spiders, remains unclear. Ground covers appear as a strong and sustainable conservation biological control method that should be taken into consideration for the management of C. capitata populations in fruit orchards.
Development of a monoclonal antibodies-based interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for rapid and accurate diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis
Authors: Hashem Zeinab , Soliman Rafik , Aziz Mona Abd El , Badr Yehia , Aboul-Ella Hassan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis is an infectious and chronic disease affecting cattle, caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). The zoonotic nature of the disease has a serious worldwide impact on human health. Also, the significant economic costs caused by such disease in addition to the deficiency of precise estimate of the actual disease prevalence necessitate more efficient detection and control measures, particularly in developing countries. The main target of the present work was to develop a local, less expensive bovine tuberculosis interferon-gamma ELISA (Bo-IFN-γ ELISA) kit for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. In the current study, three murine hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against bovine interferon-gamma (Bo-IFN-γ) were developed and their monoclonal antibodies were characterized. The produced mAbs were of IgM isotype and its specificity was proved using the western blot technique. The prepared mAbs were used for the development of the bovine IFN- γ ELISA test that was evaluated for laboratory diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. The sensitivity and specificity of the developed ELISA kit as compared with the standard tuberculin skin test was determined. This method is based on the measurement of IFN-γ released from sensitized bovine lymphocytes upon exposure to the mycobacterial antigens. Using checkerboard titration, the optimal coating concentration of anti- Bo-IFN-γ was 20µg/well. Blood samples from apparently healthy cattle proved negative in the tuberculin test were examined with the developed kit and the cut-off value (COV) was equal to 0.30 optical density (OD). In a preliminary study for evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of the developed ELISA, 23 cattle were examined with both the Bo-IFN-γ ELISA and the standard tuberculin skin test. The developed Bo-IFN-γ ELISA showed high sensitivity (98%) and specificity (71.4%) in the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis as compared to the standard tuberculin skin test.
The coexistence of newly diagnosed acromegaly with primary empty sella: more frequent than expected?
Authors: urhan emre , Hacioglu Aysa , Okcesiz Izzet , Karaca Züleyha , Kara Canan Sehit , Unluhizarci Kursad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose
We investigated the coexistence of newly diagnosed acromegaly with primary empty sella (ES), which is considered to be a rare association, and the impact of ES on the laboratory, radiological and prognostic status of acromegaly.
Methods
Acromegaly patients diagnosed and followed-up between 2012–2021 were included. Empty sella was defined as the pituitary gland and adenoma filling less than 50% of the sella turcica on preoperative T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Results
102 acromegalic patients (45 male, 57 female, 45.5 ± 12.8 (range: 20–70 years) were included and data of a median 3 years (range: 0.5-9 years) were presented. Empty sella was detected in 19 (18.6%) patients and 4 had complete and 15 had partial ES. Although not significant, adenoma size and residual adenoma on MRI on postoperative 3rd month, and disease remission at last control were lower in acromegaly with ES than in acromegaly without ES, while the rate of female gender and remission on postoperative 3rd month were higher. While preoperative serum prolactin and nadir GH responses to OGTT were significantly lower in patients with ES, there was no difference in terms of other pituitary hormones among both groups.
Conclusion
The present study revealed the coexistence of newly diagnosed acromegaly with primary ES at a rate of nearly 20% which is more frequent than expected and this association is not rare. The presence of ES was not associated with any preoperative/postoperative pituitary hormone levels and remission status, except lower preoperative prolactin and nadir GH responses to OGTT.
Spatial interactions between perceived biophilic values and neighborhood typologies in wetlands
Authors: Villagra Paula , Rojas Carolina , Alves Susana , Rojas Octavio 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Wetlands provide a range of ecosystem services; however, little is known about their value or use for improving urban planning and wetland management. This study explores values towards Los Batros Wetland in Chile, by inhabitants from different neighborhood typologies. A sample of 379 households evaluated the wetland by applying Kellert’s framework of biophilic values using a PPGIS approach. Anova and spatial autocorrelation analysis with hotspot, revealed that the spatial distribution of biophilic values is not randomly distributed across space. It depends on education, income, proximity and accessibility. Inhabitants of the garden city located next to the wetland area, highly educated and with easy and moderate access, agreed with a diverse type of biophilic values, where the ecologistic-scientific value has more spatial representativeness. In the condominium typology, with similar education, easy and moderate physical accessibility but situated far from the wetland, there was less agreement with biophilic values, these were more dispersed, i.e. less representative, and the aesthetic value prevails over others. At the north area of the neighborhood unit, with moderate to difficult physical access, but with horticultural activities beside the wetland, inhabitants agree with various biophilic values, including the symbolic value. Conversely in the favela, with similar physical access, next to the wetland, but with the lowest income and education level, biophilic values were not in agreement nor disagreement. An effective wetland management requires appreciation of the clusters of values assigned to wetland environments. These clusters should be considered when planning to restore, protect, and improve urban wetlands.
Genomic description and prevalence of two new Candidatus Saccharibacteria species from the human gut in different samples and countries
Authors: Naud Sabrina , Caputo Aurélia , Anani Hussein , Ibrahim Ahmad , Levasseur Anthony , Million Matthieu , Bedotto Marielle , Diakite Ami , Dhiver Catherine , Dubourg Grégory , Raoult Didier 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The candidate phyla radiation (CPR) has been described as an obligatory group of ultrasmall bacteria associated with host bacteria. They phylogenetically represent a subdivision of bacteria distinct from other living organisms. Using polyphasic approaches, we screened human faecal samples for the detection of Saccharibacteria. The new sequences obtained by sequencing were compared to the complete CPR genomes available to date. Then, we attempted a co-culture of CPR-bacteria and non-CPR bacteria from human faecal samples. We finally aimed to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of these Saccharibacteria sequences in human sources in 16S amplicon datasets. We were able to reconstitute two high-quality Saccharibacteria genomes named Minimicrobia massiliensis and Minimicrobia timonensis. We have established, for the first time in human digestive samples, the coculture of Candidatus Saccharibacteria with two different bacterial hosts. Finally, we showed that 12.8% (610/4,756) of samples sequenced in our laboratory were positive for operational taxonomic units (OTUs) assigned to M.massiliensis. and significantly enriched in human respiratory and oral microbiota. Here, we reported the first genomes and coculture of Saccharibacteria from human gut specimens. This study opens a new field, particularly in the study of the involvement of CPR in the human intestinal microbiota.