bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Canine mast cell tumours part I: Clinical and survival outcomes
Authors: Tamlin Vanessa S. , Bottema Cynthia D. K. , Woolford Lucy , Dobson Elizabeth C. , Kessell Allan E. , Peaston Anne E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundDogs have a species‐specific susceptibility for developing mast cell tumours (MCTs). Mutations in the KIT proto‐oncogene (KIT) are known to contribute to the neoplastic biology of mast cells. In dogs, the most common KIT mutation is an internal tandem duplication (ITD) in exon 11 which has been considered a useful prognostic supplement to traditional histopathological tumour grading.ObjectiveThe aim of this retrospective study was to explore the importance of KIT exon 11 ITD mutation status and known clinical and pathological indices in predicting prognosis in a cohort of Australian dogs diagnosed with MCT.MethodsClinical parameters, survival data, and KIT mutation status were collected and assessed for 220 dogs with cutaneous or subcutaneous MCT (n = 189 and n = 31, respectively).ResultsIn at least one of the multivariable models, tumour grade (cutaneous Kiupel low or high grade) or tumour subcutaneous location, multiple concurrent MCTs, metastasis at the time of surgery, and senior age were statistically significant in predicting the outcome (MCT‐related death and/or second MCT diagnosis) at 6‐ or 12‐month post‐tumour excision. KIT exon 11 ITD mutation status was not a significant predictor in any of the final multivariable models and was strongly correlated with high histological grade (p < 0.001).ConclusionIn this sample of dogs, tumour histological grading remained the single most powerful prognostic indicator for MCT outcome. However, concurrent evaluation of multiple prognostically significant parameters provides information of potential value to inform therapeutic management for each patient.
Features of ophthalmic, magnetic resonance imaging, and histopathology of a feline case of idiopathic sclerosing orbital pseudotumor
Authors: Lee Hao , Wu Chih‐Ching , Liao Pei‐Wen , Michael Chang Kunbee , Wei Li‐Ning , Wu Yi‐Ying , Chan Man‐Ha , Chiang Yi‐Shan , Pang Victor Fei , Lin Chung‐Tien 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the present report, we describe a case of sclerosing orbital pseudotumor in an 11‐year‐old castrated male American Shorthair cat. Ophthalmic exam showed lagophthalmos, retracted right upper eyelid, and resistant to retropulsion in his right eye. Under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, increased volume of the extraocular muscles (EOMs) of the right eye was prominent. Immunosuppressive dosage of prednisolone partially ameliorated the clinical signs, but some clinical signs were still gradually progressive or persistent. In the second MRI scan, decreased diameter of the thickened right extraocular muscles was found. After the third MRI scan, enucleation of the right eye was performed due to substantial adverse effects of systemic steroid therapy. Histopathological examination revealed no evidence of neoplastic transformation nor infection. Feline restrictive orbital myofibroblastic sarcoma (FROMS) was therefore excluded, suggesting unknown causes of extensive fibrotic changes in the right orbit of the affected cat.
Anatomical study of the scleral ring and eyeball of the long‐eared owl (Asio otus) with anatomical methods and diagnostic imaging techniques
Authors: Zehtabvar Omid , Masoudifard Majid , Ekim Okan , Ghorbani Faezeh , Davudypoor Somaye , Memarian Iman , Zarghami Dastjerdi Paniz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe scleral ring in birds consists of ossicles that are fixed as small plates by cartilage joints and have no articulation to other parts of the skeleton.ObjectiveDue to inadequate examination of the scleral ring anatomy and its specific form in owls, this study aimed to investigate the exact structure of the scleral ring and some morphometric characteristics of the eyeball in a long‐eared owl (Asio otus).MethodsThe eyes of 20 alive and 10 dead male and female owls were examined. In addition to common anatomical methods, computed tomography scans and radiographic and ultrasonographic imaging techniques were used in this study.ResultsThe structure consisted of 15 ossicles. In the ventral part of the ring, these tubercles were observed in the scleral rings of all owls; in each ring, there were four bones with these tubercles. Additionally, there was no significant difference between the left and right eye parameters. Most ocular parameters in female owls were larger than those in males, but in the case of some parameters, such as optic nerve length and optic nerve sheath diameter, this difference was not observed.ConclusionsAccording to this study, the scleral ring in the Asio otus has anterior and posterior parts, and the lens is in the immediate vicinity of the anterior part. The right and left scleral rings and eyeballs are bilaterally symmetrical in terms of the shape, size, and number of ossicles that form the ring.
Sustainable Energy Access for Sustainable Communities: Introduction by a Social Scientist
Authors: Obrecht Andreas J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThree pillars are essential to building a sustainable future for current and next generations: sustainable energy access, inclusive knowledge and equal opportunities in education, peacebuilding, and democratisation. These pillars interact like communicating vessels; they can neither be conceived nor achieved in isolation from one another. Sustainable energy access relies on access to broad and decentralised knowledge and to innovation in technologies, which is the pursuit of higher education. Community-based implementation of the sustainable energy principles is only possible if the stakeholders own these principles and thus create the basis for participatory, transparent, democratic, and above all, peaceful conditions for action. Peaceful contexts are necessary for communities to achieve the socio-ecological transformation that is necessary to mitigate climate change and to build models of a sustainable coexistence that preserves our common good, which is the environment.
Management of Intermittent Solar and Wind Energy Resources: Storage and Grid Stabilization
Authors: Nkounga W. M. , Ndiaye M. F. , Ndiaye M. L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe chapter documents options for management of the intermittency of solar and wind energy resources, with the aim of supporting transition to energy sustainability with these resources. It explores different techniques for creating storage in high power and high energy systems. We review indicators to support the decision on the selection of these storage options combined or not to grid management strategies. Our results show that flywheel is more appropriate in short-term high power storage given its low investment cost and its power density per cubic metre. For long-term energy storage, still considering the investment cost and power density per cubic metre, hydrogen, and hydraulic pumping are the best options. The smart management of storage options can significantly reduce the impact of solar and wind resources intermittency on the stability of the grid.
Cookinations: Mechanisms to Decouple Wood Production and Food Preparation in Sub-Urban Areas
Authors: Sow S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn Senegal, the share of households that cook using primarily biomass fuels accounts for over 70%. Although the use of these fuels is more frequent in rural areas, there are still households in sub-urban areas that rely on charcoal. Beyond the promotion of subsidized LPG, domestic biogas and improved cookstoves are tested in some rural and sub-urban areas of the country. The results of the experiences compiled in this chapter show that these mechanisms are effective in decoupling biomass use and food preparation in sub-urban areas. Improved cookstoves can contribute to reducing biomass use by up to 45%. Domestic biogas digesters can replace biomass fuels for cooking in rural communities.
SRF depletion in early life contributes to social interaction deficits in the adulthood
Authors: Roszkowska Matylda , Krysiak Anna , Majchrowicz Lena , Nader Karolina , Beroun Anna , Michaluk Piotr , Pekala Martyna , Jaworski Jacek , Kondrakiewicz Ludwika , Puścian Alicja , Knapska Ewelina , Kaczmarek Leszek , Kalita Katarzyna 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlterations in social behavior are core symptoms of major developmental neuropsychiatric diseases such as autism spectrum disorders or schizophrenia. Hence, understanding their molecular and cellular underpinnings constitutes the major research task. Dysregulation of the global gene expression program in the developing brain leads to modifications in a number of neuronal connections, synaptic strength and shape, causing unbalanced neuronal plasticity, which may be important substrate in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders, contributing to their clinical outcome. Serum response factor (SRF) is a major transcription factor in the brain. The behavioral influence of SRF deletion during neuronal differentiation and maturation has never been studied because previous attempts to knock-out the gene caused premature death. Herein, we generated mice that lacked SRF from early postnatal development to precisely investigate the role of SRF starting in the specific time window before maturation of excitatory synapses that are located on dendritic spine occurs. We show that the time-controlled loss of SRF in neurons alters specific aspects of social behaviors in SRF knock-out mice, and causes deficits in developmental spine maturation at both the structural and functional levels, including downregulated expression of the AMPARs subunits GluA1 and GluA2, and increases the percentage of filopodial/immature dendritic spines. In aggregate, our study uncovers the consequences of postnatal SRF elimination for spine maturation and social interactions revealing novel mechanisms underlying developmental neuropsychiatric diseases.
Toric Sasaki–Einstein metrics with conical singularities
Authors: de Borbon Martin , Legendre Eveline 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe show that any toric Kähler cone with smooth compact cross-section admits a family of Calabi–Yau cone metrics with conical singularities along its toric divisors. The family is parametrized by the Reeb cone and the angles are given explicitly in terms of the Reeb vector field. The result is optimal, in the sense that any toric Calabi–Yau cone metric with conical singularities along the toric divisor (and smooth elsewhere) belongs to this family. We also provide examples and interpret our results in terms of Sasaki–Einstein metrics.
Zusammenhänge zwischen psychischen Erkrankungen und Wohnungslosigkeit: Ergebnisse einer Sekundärdatenanalyse in einem Berliner Gesundheitszentrum für Obdachlose
Authors: Knörle Uwe , Gutwinski Stefan , Willich Stefan N. , Berghöfer Anne 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Wohnungslosigkeit ist Ausdruck und Folge einer komplexen Problemlage, die die medizinischen und sozialen Versorgungssysteme in Deutschland vor große Herausforderungen stellt. Etwa 3 Viertel der wohnungslosen Menschen leiden an psychischen Erkrankungen. Ziel dieser Studie war es, Assoziationen zwischen psychischen Erkrankungen und Wohnungslosigkeit zu untersuchen.

Material und Methoden
Es wurde eine Sekundärdatenanalyse von Patient*innendokumentationen eines Berliner Gesundheitszentrums für Obdachlose durchgeführt. In die explorative Studie eingeschlossen wurden Daten von 112 wohnungslosen Patient*innen, die dort zwischen den Jahren 2006 und 2020 versorgt wurden.

Ergebnisse
Bei 84,9 % der Patient*innen lagen psychische Erkrankungen bereits vor dem Beginn der Wohnungslosigkeit vor. Assoziiert mit einem frühen Beginn der Wohnungslosigkeit waren die Faktoren niedrige Schulbildung sowie Drogenabusus. Eine lange Dauer der Wohnungslosigkeit war mit den Faktoren Alkoholabusus sowie Haftaufenthalte assoziiert. Jede erneute Episode der Straßenobdachlosigkeit war mit einer durchschnittlichen Verlängerung der Dauer der Wohnungslosigkeit um 7,9 Monate assoziiert.

Diskussion
Da psychische Erkrankungen wichtige Einflussfaktoren für die Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von Wohnungslosigkeit sind, sollten vermehrt präventive Strategien sowie spezialisierte Angebote für diese vulnerable Gruppe geschaffen werden. Insbesondere wiederkehrende Episoden der Straßenobdachlosigkeit sollten so weit wie möglich verhindert werden. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Inhaftierungen und Wohnungslosigkeit legt nahe, dass eine intensivere Begleitung bei der Wiedereingliederung nach Haftentlassung erforderlich ist.
Acute clinical evaluation for syndesmosis injury has high diagnostic value
Authors: Baltes Thomas P. A. , Al Sayrafi Omar , Arnáiz Javier , Al-Naimi Maryam R. , Geertsema Celeste , Geertsema Liesel , Holtzhausen Louis , D’Hooghe Pieter , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. , Tol Johannes L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To determine the diagnostic value of injury history, physical examination, six syndesmosis tests and overall clinical suspicion for syndesmosis injury.

Methods
All athletes (> 18 yrs) with an acute ankle injury presenting within 7 days post-injury were assessed for eligibility. Acute ankle injuries were excluded if imaging studies demonstrated a frank fracture or 3 T MRI could not be acquired within 10 days post-injury. Standardized injury history was recorded, and physical examination was performed by an Orthopaedic Surgeon or Sports Medicine Physician. Overall clinical suspicion was documented prior to MRI. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association between independent predictors and syndesmosis injury.

Results
Between September 2016 and July 2019, a total of 150 acute ankle injuries were included. The median time from injury to acute clinical evaluation was 2 days (IQR 2). Prior to clinical evaluation, the median patient reported Visual Analog Scale for pain was 8/10 (IQR 2). Syndesmosis injury was present in 26 acute ankle injuries. An eversion mechanism of injury had a positive LR 3.47 (CI 95% 1.55–7.77). The squeeze tests had a positive LR of 2.20 (CI 95% 1.29–3.77) and a negative LR of 0.68 (CI 95% 0.48–0.98). Overall clinical suspicion had a sensitivity of 73% (CI 95% 52–88) and negative predictive value of 89% (CI 95% 78–95). Multivariate regression analyses demonstrated significant association for eversion mechanism of injury (OR 4.99; CI 95% 1.56–16.01) and a positive squeeze test (OR 3.25; CI 95% 1.24–8.51).

Conclusions
In an acute clinical setting with patients reporting high levels of ankle pain, a negative overall clinical suspicion reduces the probability of syndesmosis injury. Eversion mechanism of injury and a positive squeeze test are associated with higher odds of syndesmosis injury.

Level of evidence
Level III.
Direct conversion of latitude and height from one ellipsoid to another
Authors: Smith Walter H. F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractI suggest a method for converting geodetic height and latitude from one oblate ellipsoid of revolution to another having the same center and symmetry axis. Unlike other approaches, the method here does not obtain height and latitude from Earth-centered, Earth-fixed (ECEF) Cartesian coordinates; this feature allows height conversion with high accuracy even in cases where the data format limits the precision of the latitude data. Height and latitude conversions can be expressed as a Fourier series in even multiples of latitude, with height changes having only cosines and latitude changes having only sines. The absolute difference of the flattenings of the two ellipsoids furnishes a simple upper bound on the maximum absolute latitude change. Conversions between the TOPEX and WGS84 ellipsoids, a practical necessity for the inter-mission comparison of satellite laser and radar altimeter data, illustrate the findings. Because the differences in the flattenings and semi-major axes of these ellipsoids are small, truncating the Fourier series after the term in twice the latitude gives an approximate conversion with an error less than 9 $$\times $$
×
10–12 radians of latitude and about 6 $$\times $$
×
10–6 m of height.
Effectiveness and safety of gonadotropins used in female infertility: a population-based study in the Lazio region, Italy
Authors: Rosa Alessandro Cesare , Pacchiarotti Arianna , Addis Antonio , Ciardulli Andrea , Belleudi Valeria , Davoli Marina , Kirchmayer Ursula 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Infertility is a topic of growing interest, and female infertility is often treated with gonadotropins. Evidence regarding comparative safety and efficacy of different gonadotropin formulations is available from clinical studies, while real-world data are missing. The present study aims to investigate effectiveness and safety of treatment with different gonadotropin formulations in women undergoing medically assisted procreation treatments in Latium, a region in central Italy, through a real-world data approach.

Methods
A retrospective population-based cohort study in women between the ages of 18 and 45 years who were prescribed with at least one gonadotropin between 2007 and 2019 was conducted. Women were enrolled from the regional drug dispense registry, and data on their clinical history, exposure to therapeutic cycles (based on recombinant “REC” or extractives “EXT” gonadotropin, or combined protocol “CMD” (REC + EXT)), and maternal/infantile outcomes were linked from the regional healthcare administrative databases. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to estimate the association between exposure and outcomes.

Results
Overall, 90,292 therapeutic cycles prescribed to 35,899 women were linked to pregnancies. Overall, 15.8% of cycles successfully led to pregnancy. Compared to extractives, recombinant and combined treatments showed a stronger association with conception rate (RRREC adj = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12; RRCBD adj = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.11–1.24). Maternal outcomes occurred in less than 5% of deliveries, and no significant differences between treatments were observed (REC vs EXT, pre-eclampsia: RR adj = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.86–1.79, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: RR adj = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.59–2.65, gestational diabetes: RR adj = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.84–1.35). Regarding infantile outcomes, similar results were obtained for different gonadotropin formulations (REC vs EXT: low birth weight: RR adj = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.83–1.26, multiple births: RR adj = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.92–1.23, preterm birth: RR adj = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.92–1.26).

Conclusions
Efficacy and safety profiles of REC proved to be similar to those of EXT. Regarding the efficacy in terms of conception rate and birth rate, protocols using the combined approach performed slightly better. Outcomes related to maternal and infantile safety were generally very rare, and safety features were overlapping between gonadotropin formulations.
Fibrin-targeting molecular MRI in inflammatory CNS disorders
Authors: Lohmeier Johannes , Silva Rafaela V. , Tietze Anna , Taupitz Matthias , Kaneko Takaaki , Prüss Harald , Paul Friedemann , Infante-Duarte Carmen , Hamm Bernd , Caravan Peter , Makowski Marcus R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Fibrin deposition is a fundamental pathophysiological event in the inflammatory component of various CNS disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer’s disease. Beyond its traditional role in coagulation, fibrin elicits immunoinflammatory changes with oxidative stress response and activation of CNS-resident/peripheral immune cells contributing to CNS injury.

Purpose
To investigate if CNS fibrin deposition can be determined using molecular MRI, and to assess its capacity as a non-invasive imaging biomarker that corresponds to inflammatory response and barrier impairment.

Materials and methods
Specificity and efficacy of a peptide-conjugated Gd-based molecular MRI probe (EP2104-R) to visualise and quantify CNS fibrin deposition were evaluated. Probe efficacy to specifically target CNS fibrin deposition in murine adoptive-transfer experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a pre-clinical model for MS (n = 12), was assessed. Findings were validated using immunohistochemistry and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Deposition of fibrin in neuroinflammatory conditions was investigated and its diagnostic capacity for disease staging and monitoring as well as quantification of immunoinflammatory response was determined. Results were compared using t-tests (two groups) or one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons test. Linear regression was used to model the relationship between variables.

Results
For the first time (to our knowledge), CNS fibrin deposition was visualised and quantified in vivo using molecular imaging. Signal enhancement was apparent in EAE lesions even 12-h after administration of EP2104-R due to targeted binding (M ± SD, 1.07 ± 0.10 (baseline) vs. 0.73 ± 0.09 (EP2104-R), p = .008), which could be inhibited with an MRI-silent analogue (M ± SD, 0.60 ± 0.14 (EP2104-R) vs. 0.96 ± 0.13 (EP2104-La), p = .006). CNS fibrin deposition corresponded to immunoinflammatory activity (R2 = 0.85, p < .001) and disability (R2 = 0.81, p < .001) in a model for MS, which suggests a clinical role for staging and monitoring. Additionally, EP2104-R showed substantially higher SNR (M ± SD, 6.6 ± 1 (EP2104-R) vs. 2.7 ± 0.4 (gadobutrol), p = .004) than clinically used contrast media, which increases sensitivity for lesion detection.

Conclusions
Molecular imaging of CNS fibrin deposition provides an imaging biomarker for inflammatory CNS pathology, which corresponds to pathophysiological ECM remodelling and disease activity, and yields high signal-to-noise ratio, which can improve diagnostic neuroimaging across several neurological diseases with variable degrees of barrier impairment.
The Role of Different Types of Actors In The Future of Sustainable Agriculture In a Dutch Peri-urban Area
Authors: Schulp Catharina J. E. , Komossa Franziska , Scherer Laura , van der Zanden Emma H. , Debolini Marta , Piorr Annette 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPeri-urban areas support a broad range of multifunctional demands for public goods. In northwest Europe, peri-urban areas tend to overlap with intensive agricultural land, resulting in conflicts between agricultural use and the public good demands of residents. Sustainable intensification (SI) of agriculture might help reconcile agricultural and well-being goals, but it is unclear how the mix of actors in a peri-urban setting can trigger or restrain SI. In a Dutch case study, we explored how SI of agriculture can contribute to making peri-urban areas more sustainable, and which actors are key enabling factors for implementing SI. We used interviews, surveys, workshops, and empirical analysis to obtain insight into the stakeholder’s vision of a sustainable future for the case study area, the farming system and actor network. We integrated these insights in a Bayesian Belief Network, where we linked the actor network to implementation of three SI measures (farm-level efficiency measures, small landscape elements, and direct sales), and used sensitivity analysis to model effects of support for implementation by different groups of actors. The case study has a dense stakeholder network, where, dependent on the SI measure, farmers are triggered by all actors to implement SI, or have a stronger role in uptake themselves. The sensitivity analysis suggested that the future preferred by the stakeholders requires broad support of all actors involved, with local actors without a formal role being essential for uptake. Overall, trade-offs among public goods are almost inevitable when taking up SI measures.