bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropogenic impact and antibiotic resistance among the indicator and pathogenic bacteria from several industrial and sewage discharge points along the coast from Pydibhimavaram to Tuni, East Coast of India
Authors: Behera Swarnaprava , Tan Naga Radha Srinivas , Moturi Sri Rama Krishna , Gudapati Geethika , Tadi Satyanarayana Reddy , Modali Sravani 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Increasing urbanization and industrialization of the Visakhapatnam region have brought domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharge into the coastal ocean. This study tries to look at the quantitative abundance of the indicator and pathogenic bacteria and their antibiotic susceptibility. As part of this study, both surface and subsurface water samples were collected from ten different regions (147 stations; 294 samples) which included 12 industrial discharge points, surrounding stations and two harbours from the coast of Pydibheemavaram to Tuni. Physicochemical parameters like salinity, temperature, fluorescence, pH, total suspended matter, nutrients, chlorophyll-a, and dissolved oxygen of the water showed a difference from one region to other. We noticed the presence of indicator (Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis) and pathogenic (Aeromonas hydrophila, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella and Shigella, Vibrio cholera and Vibrio parahaemolyticus) bacteria among the samples. Waters from the near harbour and Visakhapatnam steel plant showed lower bacterial load where there is no direct input from industries to the coastal water. Samples collected during the industrial discharge period had a higher bacterial load including E. coli. Enteric bacteria were found in higher numbers at most of the stations with some isolates being resistant to multiple antibiotics with higher antibiotic resistance (AR) and multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indexes compared with the other coastal water habitats in the Bay of Bengal. The occurrence of these bacteria above the standard limits and with multiple antibiotic resistance in the study region may pose a potential threat to the local inhabitants and can create an alarming situation in the coastal waters in the study region.
Gasdermin B over-expression modulates HER2-targeted therapy resistance by inducing protective autophagy through Rab7 activation.
Authors: Gamez-Chiachio Manuel , Molina-Crespo Angela , Ramos-Nebot Carmen , Martinez-Val Jeannette , Martinez Lidia , Gassner Katja , llobet Francisco J , Soriano Mario , Hernandez Alberto , Cordani Marco , Bernadó-Morales Cristina , Diaz Eva , Rojo-Sebastián Alejandro , Triviño Juan Carlos , Sanchez Laura , Rodríguez-Barrueco Ruth , Arribas Joaquín , Llobet-Navas David , Sarrió David , Moreno-Bueno Gema 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Gasdermin B (GSDMB) over-expression promotes poor prognosis and aggressive behavior in HER2 breast cancer by increasing resistance to therapy. Decoding the molecular mechanism of GSDMB-mediated drug resistance is crucial to identify novel effective targeted treatments for HER2/GSDMB aggressive tumors. Methods: Different in vitro approaches (immunoblot, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, proteomic analysis, immunoprecipitation, and confocal/electron microscopy) were performed in HER2 breast and gastroesophageal carcinoma cell models. Results were then validated using in vivo preclinical animal models and analyzing human breast and gastric cancer samples. Results: GSDMB up-regulation renders HER2 cancer cells more resistant to anti-HER2 agents by promoting protective autophagy. Accordingly, the combination of lapatinib with the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine increases the therapeutic response of GSDMB-positive cancers in vitro and in zebrafish and mice tumor xenograft in vivo models. Mechanistically, GSDMB N-terminal domain interacts with the key components of the autophagy machinery LC3B and Rab7, facilitating the Rab7 activation during pro-survival autophagy in response to anti-HER2 therapies. Finally, we validated these results in clinical samples where GSDMB/Rab7/LC3B co-expression associates significantly with relapse in HER2 breast and gastric cancers. Conclusion: Our findings uncover for the first time a functional link between GSDMB over-expression and protective autophagy in response to HER2-targeted therapies. GSDMB behaves like an autophagy adaptor and plays a pivotal role in modulating autophagosome maturation through Rab7 activation. Finally, our results provide a new and accessible therapeutic approach for HER2/GSDMB+ cancers with adverse clinical outcome.
The big squeeze: A product content and labelling analysis of ready-to-use complementary infant food pouches in Australia
Authors: Brunacci Kaitlyn A , Salmon Libby , McCann Jennifer , Gribble Karleen , Fleming Catharine A.K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Encouraging the early development of healthy eating habits prevents diet-related chronic disease. It is well understood that highly processed foods with high amounts of sugars, salt and fats are a risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Commercial baby foods in ready-to-use squeeze pouches emerged in the global food market around 2012. The long-term effects of this now ubiquitous packaging on the quality of infant diets, baby food consumption and marketing are unknown. This study aimed to conduct a rigorous mixed-methods audit of squeeze pouches in Australia to inform product regulation and policy. Methods: Nutritional and marketing data were sourced from products available in Australian retailers. Analysis of nutritional content, texture and packaging labelling and serving size was conducted. Pouches were given a Nutrition Profile Index (NPI) score and compared with the Australian Infant Feeding Guidelines. Marketing text was thematically analysed and compared to existing infant nutrition policy around regulation of marketing claims.Results: 276 products from 15 manufacturers were analysed, targeting infants from 4+ to 12+ months. Total sugar content ranged 0.8-17.5 (g/100g), 20% (n=56) of products had added sugars, 17% (n=46) had added fruit juice, 71% (n= 196) had added fruit puree. Saturated fat content ranged from 0.0-5.0 (g/100g), sodium 0.0-69 (mg/100g) and dietary fibre 0.0-4.3 (g/100g). Only two products achieved an NPI score indicating nutritional adequacy. Marketing messages included ingredient premiumisation, nutrient absence claims, claims about infant development and health, good parenting, and convenience. Claims of ‘no added sugar’ were made for 59% of pouches, despite the addition of free sugars.Conclusions Squeeze pouch products available in Australia are nutritionally poor, high in sugars, low in iron, and there is a clear risk that if infants are fed regularly these products their health will be harmed. The marketing messages and labelling on squeeze pouches are highly misleading and do not support WHO or Australian NHMRC recommendations for breastfeeding or appropriate introduction of complementary foods and labelling of products. There is an urgent need for improved regulation of product composition, serving sizes and labelling to protect infants and young children aged 0-36 months and better inform parents.
Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: insights from a cohort of 257 thyroidectomized patients
Authors: Scherer Henrique Cabral , Fernandes Paula , Scheffel Rafael Selbach , Zanella André B. , Maia Ana Luiza , Dora Jose Miguel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Active surveillance (AS) has been gaining attention as an option for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) management in selected patients. However, some questions remain on PTMC behavior, particularly on tumor multicentricity and cervical metastases. Our aim is to gather insights on the natural history of PTMC on patients treated with thyroidectomy.Methods: Consecutive patients diagnosed with PTMC (tumor size ≤ 1.0 cm) had their clinical characteristics, interventions, and outcomes described. Patients were classified as incidental or nonincidental based on the diagnosis of PTMC after or before surgery, respectively. Results: A cohort of 257 patients was included for this study, 84.0% of which were women, and the mean age was of 48.3 ± 13.5 years. The mean tumor size was of 0.68 ± 0.26 cm, 30.4% were multifocal, 24.5% had cervical metastasis, and 0.4% distant metastasis. The nonincidental and incidental tumors differed in tumor size (0.72 ± 0.24 and 0.60 ± 0.28 cm, respectively, p=0.003) and in presence of cervical metastasis (31.3% and 11.9%, respectively, p<0.001). Male sex, nonincidental diagnosis, and younger age were independent predictors of cervical metastasis. Notably, each year less in age represented an increase of 3% in likelihood of nodal metastasis (p<0.001). After 5.5 years (P25-75 2.5-9.7) of follow-up, only 3.8% of patients had persistent structural disease (3.4% cervical). Predictors of persistent disease at multivariate analysis included cervical metastasis and multicentricity.Conclusion: Incidental and nonincidental PTMC patients displayed excellent outcomes. Cervical metastasis and multicentricity are frequent findings in PTMC and prognostic factors for persistent disease.
Hair Cortisol as a Predictive Biochemical Indicator for the Preventive and Personalised Evaluation of Suicide Risk in Depression? An Exploratory Comparison Study Between Mentally-Stable Control Subjects, Depressed Individuals and Individuals After Completing Suicide
Authors: Karabatsiakis Alexander , de Punder Karin , Manrique Juan-Salinas , Todt Melanie , Dietrich Detlef E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Depression and suicidal behaviour are interrelated, stress-associated mental health conditions, each lacking biological verifiability. Concepts of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine (3PM) are almost completely missing for both conditions but are of utmost importance. Research reported altered levels of the stress hormone cortisol in the scalp hair of depressed individuals, while data on hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) for suicide completers (SC) are completely missing. Compared to mentally-stable control subjects (n = 12), we expected chronic stress-associated HCC elevation in depressed patients (n = 20), with an additional HCC increase in SC (n = 45) that might lead to the identification of between-group differences towards a 3PM conceptualization. HCC was measured cross-sectionally in extracts of pulverized hair (1cm and 3cm hair segments) using ELISA. In 3cm hair segments, we found an average increase in HCC for depressed patients (x1.66) and SC (x5.46) compared to controls. Furthermore, the average HCC in SC was significantly increased compared to the depressed group (x3.28). A significant correlation between HCC in the 1cm and the 3cm hair segments, as well as a significant association between HCC (3cm segment) and the severity of depressive symptoms, were also found. We replicate findings of increased HCC in depressed subjects compared to controls. Additionally, we provide data on HCC in SC, showing an additional increase in HCC compared to both controls and depressed patients. The usage of HCC as a predictive/preventive tool in the context of 3PM to possibly indicate and monitor suicidal risk in depression is an urgent question that needs to be answered timely.
Effect of substrate fertility on tank-bromeliad performances
Authors: Rapnouil Tristan Lafont , Coste Sabrina , Goret Jean-Yves , Julien Frédéric , Stahl Clément , Leroy Céline 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Members of the plant family Bromeliaceae can uptake nutrients directly from their leaves via leaf absorbing trichomes and their roots have long been reduced to anchorage function,thus overlooked. Recently, evidence has accumulated for a significant role for the roots of some species of tank bromeliads in both water and nutrients absorption. However, to date, little attention has been paid to the importance of the substrate fertility for the structure of the roots and the growth and performance of tank bromeliads.
Methods
This study investigated the effect of substrate fertility on Aechmea aquilega. Seeds of this tank bromeliad were sowed in a greenhouse in French Guiana in three different substrates: a nutrient-poor, a nutrient-rich and a mixed substrate. The performances of 15-month-old A. aquilega were assessed by measuring leaf and root traits related to nutrient acquisition and resources capture.
Results
We show that plants growing in nutrient-poor substrate grew twice slower and were smaller than plants grown on the nutrient-rich substrate with fewer leaves and roots, lower total dry mass, and smaller leaves and root length. Overall, 70% of measured traits responded significantly to the experimental treatments indicating that the response of A. aquilega to nutrient availability is a combination of physiological processes, leaf and root structure, and chemistry.
Conclusion
This study is the first to show that the fertility of the substrate on which the bromeliad A. aquilega grows has a strong and lasting effect on the plant performance and may be a relevant factor for bromeliad ecology.
Cerebral infarction in HIV-negative patients with cryptococcal meningitis: its predictors and impact on outcomes
Authors: Tu Jiashan , Zhang Siyu , Liu Qinghua , Lin Yu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Descriptions of the patterns of acute/subacute cerebral infarction (ASCI) in HIV-negative patients with cryptococcal meningitis (CM) are scarce, and the predictors of ischemic stroke and outcomes following ASCI with CM remain unclear.
Aim
To study the clinical characteristics and evaluate the predictors of ASCI in HIV-negative patients with CM and assess the impact of ischemic stroke on the outcomes of the patients.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data of 61 HIV-negative patients with CM treated between January, 2016 and February, 2022, and among them, 53 patients with complete neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) data were enrolled in this study. The cohort was stratified by the occurrence of ASCI diagnosed based on MRI evidences for comparison of the clinical characteristics, laboratory data, imaging findings and outcomes of the patients. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors of ASCI in the HIV-negative patients with CM.
Results
ASCI occurred in 26.4% (14/53) of the HIV-negative patients with CM. The incidences of fever, headache, neck stiffness, duration of symptoms, CSF parameter, meningeal enhancement in brain MRI and the treatment regimens were similar between the patients with and those without ASCI. Most of the infarcts (92.9%) were of the lacunar type, involving both the anterior and posterior territories. Basal ganglia-corona radiata and the brainstem-cerebellum were the most frequently involved sites. Logistic regression analysis suggested that consciousness disorder (P = 0.002), MRI evidence of hydrocephalus (P = 0.042) and posterior fossa exudates (P = 0.028) were all independent predictors of ASCI in these HIV-negative patients with CM. Compared with patients without ASCI, the HIV-negative patients with CM and ASCI had unfavorable outcomes (P = 0.001).
Conclusion
ASCI is relatively rare in HIV-negative patients with CM, presented commonly as multiple lacunar infarctions involving all the cerebrovascular territories. The presence of consciousness disorder, hydrocephalus and posterior fossa exudates may increase the risk of ASCI in patients with CM. ASCI is associated with a poor outcome of the HIV-negative patients with CM.
The (I-V) Curve Models of The Corona Plasmas Discharge Using The electrodes configuration model of Twin Blades Forming An Angle To The Plane.
Authors: Wardaya Asep Yoyo , Muhlisin Zaenul , Suseno Jatmiko Endro , Setiawati Evi , Hadi Susilo , Mustati’ah Mustati'ah , Windarta Jaka 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aims to calculate the compatibility level of experimental and simulation (I-V) curves of the corona discharge on the electrodes configuration model of Twin Blades Forming An Angle To The Plane (TBFA-P) in the air. The active electrode supplies a negative DC voltage source. The center clamp angle of the active electrode has variations in the θ angles of 300, 450, and 600, and the distance variations between the active and passive electrodes (d) are 0.002 m, 0.005 m, and 0.008 m. The numerical formulation of the current value of the TBFA-P electrode configuration model uses Gauss's Law concept and the modified capacitance model by adding a multiplication factor k in the sharpness angle of the active electrode. For making (I-V) curves with several variable accuracy levels such as t-test and Standard Deviation (SD) using Python GUI Programming. The best (I-V) curve has the smallest t-test of 0.0313 and the largest percentage of tangent points of 92.31% in the case of θ = 450 at the value of d = 0.008 m. For all experiments, we get the average values ​​of the t-test is 0.0446, the SD is 0.903, and the percentage of tangent points is 69.204%.
The role of Sonic Hedgehog pathway in the development of spinal cord injury in rat model
Authors: Chen Weiting , Wang Hongyang , Chen Jianping , Tang Min , Lin Bin , Lin Aini , Lin Xiaoyan , Wang Yesong , Zhang Gensheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway plays an important role in neuroinflammation and neurorepairment after neurological injury, but its role in the development of spinal cord injury (SCI) and related mechanisms are not clear. The purpose of this study was to explore whether and how the Shh signaling pathway exert a neuroprotective effect in SCI. Methods: The SCI model of rat was established by a Allen's weight-drop method. Thirty SPF SD rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: Control, Sham, SCI model, SCI + purmorphamine (Shh activator), and SCI + cyclopamine (Shh inbibitor). Rats in group of Shh activator or Shh inbibitor were administrated with purmorphamine (10 mg/kg) or cyclopamine (10 mg/kg) respectively daily within one week after establishment of SCI model. Scores of Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) and Reuter were evaluated at the time-points of 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day after establishment of SCI model. Rats were sacrificed on 7th day , and the pathological injury, the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) and the protein and mRNA expressions of Gli1, Shh and Smoothened in spinal cord tissue were assessed by HE staining, ELISA, Western Blot and RT-qPCR, respectively.Results: Rat treated with purmorphamine exhibited a significant increase in BBB score in comparison with SCI group, whereas there was no significant difference after cyclopamine treatment. Interestingly, purmorphamine treatment declined SCI-induced increases in the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 β and TNF-α), whereas cyclopamine administration up-regulated their expressions of these inflammatory cytokines. The pyknotic neuronal cells in gray matter area of the spinal cord and the area of cavity in white matter area were reduced in purmorphamine treatment when compared with SCI group, whereas treatment with cyclopamine elicited an opposite changes. When compared with Sham group, the protein and mRNA expressions of Gli1, Shh, Smoothened were up-regulated in SCI group; whereas these SCI-induced expressions were further activated or inhibited by purmorphamine or cyclopamine treatment.Conclusion: We demonstrated that Shh activator plays an important protective role in the development of SCI in rat model, which might provide a new strategy via targeting Shh pathway to prevent or treat SCI in the future.
Malted sorghum as a maize substitute in broiler diets: Effect on feed utilization, growth performance, and blood parameters
Authors: manyeula Freddy , Moses Chandapiwa , Mareko Molebeledi H.D. , Madibela Othusitse R. , Radikara Malebogo V 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sorghum is amongst the most drought-tolerant cereals in the driest rain-fed regions of the arid and semi-arid tropics and hence its suitability in circumventing food and feed insecurity. However, the presence of phytochemicals may limit its utilization in sustainable poultry production which require some form of treatment before use. Thus, this study was conducted to explore malting as a processing method and its effect on growth performance and haemo-biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by totally replacing maize with either malted Mr Buster (MBBD) or Segaolane (MSBD) and Control diets. One hundred and fifty one-week old Ross 308 broiler (R308BC) were evenly distributed into 15 replicate pens (10 birds/pen) to which experimental diets were randomly allocated and offered in three phase feeding. Birds fed MSBD were eating more than those fed other diets. The birds on Control diet gained more weight than those fed malted sorghum based (MSOBD). Poor feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed on MBBD birds in week 3, 4, 5 and 6.The PER was lowest on MSOBD birds in week 2 and 6 but in week 5 the opposite is the truth. Protein intake (PI) of birds on MSOBD was highest in all weeks. Haematological and serum parameters fell within reported normal range of healthy chicken. Overall, the results from the study suggest that maize grains can be replaced with malted sorghum grains, especially Segaolane in poultry diets without any adverse effects on the bird’s growth’s performance and health status.
Nondestructive root exudate sampling using aeroponics throughout progressive drought stress and recovery
Authors: Lin Heng-An , Coker Harrison R. , Park Sungkyu , Finlayson Scott A. , Nagy Elek M. , Hague Steve , Antony-Babu Sanjay , Howe Julie A. , Smith A. Peyton 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSampling root exudates in situ is challenging because root systems are often damaged while exudates are prone to microbial decomposition and sorption in the soil environment. Hydroponic systems provide the capability to capture root exudates without root damage or soil sorption; however, they lack the utility to provide drought stress. We hypothesized that a high-pressure aeroponic system could induce gradual drought stress and recovery by manipulating misting cycles, and that collecting “rinseate” from washed root systems would contain detectable quantities of exudates without destructively sampling roots. The objectives were to: (1) evaluate the ability of the aeroponic system to impose drought conditions on plants by measuring their metabolic, physiological, and morphological responses; and (2) test the efficacy of the aeroponic system to collect root exudates of cotton under progressive drought and recovery conditions. Progressive drought stress was induced for two weeks in aeroponically grown cotton at the match-head square stage (34 days after planting) followed by a 1-week recovery phase at full irrigation. Results The progressive drought treatment limited plant development by decreasing canopy height, number of green leaves, leaf fluorescence measurements, tissue biomass, and plant water content, while increasing visual drought severity. Abscisic acid (ABA) was chosen as a root exudate indicator sensitive to drought that could be monitored in the collected root “rinseate”. After initiating the drought treatment, ABA increased in the rinseate from drought-treated plants and subsequently declined in the recovery phase. Some response variables improved by the end of recovery phase (i.e., ABA, fluorescence, drought severity index, and water content), yet others expressed more longstanding effects (i.e., canopy height and number of green leaves). ConclusionUsing the aeroponic system, detectable quantities of root exudates were captured at each sampling time throughout simulated drought, while cotton demonstrated rapid adjustment to drought and recovery. This method expands root exudate collection strategies by offering continuous sampling of target crops throughout a diverse array of simulated stressors.