bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment on the Causes of Improper Waste Segregation Among Second Year Degree Nursing Students at a University, Windhoek, Khomas Region
Authors: Kadhila Galukeni Joseph , Andima Zeneyd 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Africa is facing a growing management crisis while the volume of waste is relatively small compared to the developed region, the mismanagement of waste in Africa is currently impacting human and environmental health. Therefore, this paper was conducted to assess the causes that contribute to improper waste segregation.
Research methodology: A quantitative, descriptive study was used in this study. Simple random sampling was used in this study by selecting the second-year students. The frequency distribution of tables and graphs have been used in this study for data analysis.
Results: The results have revealed that, n=20 (50%) strongly disagrees=18 (45%) strongly agreed, n=2 (5%) disagreed, that there are no signals /posters about color coding in the wards
Conclusion: The finding from this study indicates a lack of knowledge on how to discard waste properly among second-year degree nursing students as a contributing factor to non-adherence to proper waste segregation. The findings also indicated that there were no policies on color coding and unawareness of soiled waste that contributes to improper waste segregation.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Stunting and Thinness Among Children and Adolescents in Nasarawa State: Comparison with World Health Organization Reference
Authors: Monday Nwankwo , Barnabas Danborno , Abraham Musa Sunday , Shehu Abubakar Akuyam 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Nutritional status and growth patterns are key indicators of a population's socioeconomic wellbeing, but data on the prevalence of undernutrition and percentile ranges for height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents in Nigeria are currently lacking. The aim of this study was to find out how common undernutrition is and to generate reference percentile ranges for height, weight and BMI.
Methods: Height and weight of 1,541 boys and 1,650 girls aged 5–18 years from Lafia, Nasarawa State Nigeria were measured in 2018 – 2019. The LMS method was used to generate smoothed percentiles of height, weight and BMI-for-age. Classifications into nutritional status was made according to WHO recommendations for stunting and thinness.
Results: The proportions of moderately and severely stunted boys were 17.8% and 5.6%, respectively, while the proportions of moderate and severely thinned boys were 52.4% and 27.5%. In girls, the incidence of moderate and severe stunting was 10.9 % and 3.2 %, respectively, whereas the prevalence of moderate and severe thinness was 43.7 % and 18.8
Conclusions: The present study shows that undernutrition is highly prevalent among children and adolescents in Lafia, although the severity of undernutrition is higher in boys than girls. This study offers researchers in Nigeria or other low- and middle-income nations with the most recent age- and sex-standardized percentiles for height, weight, and BMI of children and adolescents in Lafia that may be used for comparison.
Temporal trends in use of antisecretory agents among patients administered clopidogrel- based dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Lee Yonghyuk , Choi Hye-Jeong , Park Susin , Je Nam Kyung 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:
Antisecretory drugs are commonly prescribed with clopidogrel-based dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) to prevent gastrointestinal bleeding in high-risk patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, omeprazole and esomeprazole (inhibiting proton pump inhibitors [PPIs]) increase cardiovascular event rates on co-administration with clopidogrel.
This study aimed to examine trends in the use of antisecretory agents in patients administered clopidogrel-based DAPT and the concomitant use of clopidogrel and inhibiting PPIs.
Methods:
We used National Inpatient Sample data compiled by the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service from 2009 to 2020. Further, we identified patients who were prescribed clopidogrel-based DAPT after PCI and investigated the concomitant use of antisecretory agents with clopidogrel. To verify the annual trend of drug utilization, we used the Cochran–Armitage trend test.
Results:
From 2009 to 2020, the percentage of H2 receptor antagonists users decreased steadily (from 82.5 % in 2009 to 25.3 % in 2020); instead, the percentage of PPI users increased (from 34.7 % in 2009 to 69.0 % in 2020). The use of inhibiting PPI also increased (from 4.2 % in 2009 to 30.7 % in 2020). P-CAB was rarely used before 2019; however, in 2020, it accounted for 7.8 % of the antisecretory users.
Conclusions:
Our study demonstrates that the use of inhibiting PPIs increased steadily in patients administered clopidogrel-based DAPT therapy. This is a major concern since the concomitant use of inhibiting PPIs with clopidogrel could increase the risk of cardiovascular events.
Biomass composite with exogenous organic acid addition supports the growth of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor 'Dochna') by reducing salinity and increasing nutrient level in coastal saline–alkaline soil
Authors: Yang Ruixue , Sun Zhengguo , Liu Xinbao , Long Xiaohua , Gao Limin , Shen Yixin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Purpose
In coastal saline lands, organic matter is scarce and saline stress is high. Exploring the promotion effect of intervention with organic acid from biological materials on soil improvement and thus forage output and determining the related mechanism.
Methods
Three exogenous organic acids (humic acid, fulvic acid, and citric acid) were combined with four kinds of biomass materials (cottonseed hull, cow manure, grass charcoal, and pine needle) and applied to about 0.3% of medium-salt mudflat soil. The salinity and nutrient dynamics of the soil and the growth and physiological differences of sweet sorghum at the seedling, elongation, and heading stages were observed under different treatments to screen for efficient combinations and analyze the intrinsic causes and influencing mechanisms.
Results
The soil salinity, nutrient dynamics, and forage grass biological yield during sweet sorghum cultivation in saline soils differed significantly (p < 0.05) depending on the type of organic acid–biomass composite applied. Citric acid–pine needle composite substantially reduced the soil salinity and increased the soil nutrient content at the seedling stage and improved the root vigor and photosynthesis of sweet sorghum by increasing its stress tolerance, allowing plant morphological restructuring for a high biological yield. The improvement effect of fulvic acid–pine needle or fulvic acid–cow manure composite was manifested at the elongation and heading stages.
Conclusions
Citric acid–pine needle composite promoted the growth of saline sweet sorghum seedlings, and the effect of fulvic acid–pine needle composite lasted until the middle and late stages.
Magnitude and Factors Associated with Immediate Postpartum Anemia among Singleton postpartum women at Public Hospitals in Dire Dawa Administration, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Bireda Asma , Mohammed Aminu , Hailu Mikiale , Ali Kedir 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:Anemia is the decrease ability of red blood cells to provide adequate oxygen to body tissue. Postpartum period is a critical time where most maternal complications including death occurs and immediate postpartum anemia is one of the risk factors. But it lacks studies both at national level and study area too. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess magnitude and factors associated with immediate postpartum anemiaat public hospitals in Dire Dawa administration, Ethiopia.Methods:Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on May 2022 among 476 study participants selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected through face-to-face interview by pre-tested structured questionnaire and medical card review. The data were entered in to EPI DATA (Version 3.1) and analyzed using SPSS (Version 22) software. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression, odds ratios with 95% CI also was carried out to see the effect of each independent variable on the dependent variable. A P-value (< 0.25 at bivariate and < 0.05 at multivariable) was considered as statistical significance.Results:A total of 476 postpartum women were included in the study and the overall magnitude of immediate postpartum anemia was 26.9% (95% CI: 22.9-31.1%). Immediate postpartum anemia was significantly associated with no formal education (AOR=3.01, 95%CI: 1.12-8.08), unemployment (AOR= 2.72, 95%CI:1.02-7.21), < 4 ANC visits (AOR=2.40,95%CI: 1.32-4.30), instrumental assisted vaginal delivery(IAVD) (AOR=3.70,95%CI: 1.952-6.86), pre-delivery anemia (AOR=2.96,95%CI: 1.48-5.91), GIT parasites (AOR=3.23,95%CI: 1.37-7.59), low dietary diversity (AOR=3.10,95%CI:1.65-5.79) and no IFA supplementation (AOR=2.69,95%CI:1.10-6.58) during pregnancy.Conclusion:Immediate postpartum anemia is a high public health problem comparing to other previous studies in Ethiopia.Coordinated efforts in promoting antenatal care visits and awareness about risk factors of immediate postpartum anemia were recommended to studied hospitals and other stalk holders.
Born with intronless ERF transcriptional factors: C4 photosynthesis inherits a legacy dating back 450 million years
Authors: Lyu Ming-Ju , Du Huilong , Yao Hongyan , zhang zhiguo , Chen Genyun , Chen Faming , Zhao Yong-Yao , Tang Qiming , Miao Fenfen , Wang Yanjie , Zhao Yuhui , Lu Hongwei , Fang Lu , Gao Qiang , Qi Yiying , Zhang Qing , Zhang Jisen , Yang Tao , Cui Xuean , Liang Chengzhi , Lu Tiegang , Zhu Xin-Guang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The genus Flaveria, containing species at different evolutionary stages of the progression from C3 to C4 photosynthesis, is used as a model system to study the evolution of C4 photosynthesis. Here, we report chromosome-scale genome sequences for five Flaveria species, including C3, C4, and intermediate species. Our analyses revealed that both acquiring additional gene copies and recruiting ethylene responsive factor (ERF) cis-regulatory elements (CREs) contributed to the emergence of C4 photosynthesis. ERF transcriptional factors (TFs), especially intronless ERF TFs, were co-opted to regulate C4 photosynthetic genes in both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous C4 species that diverged 160 million years ago (mya). These C4 species co-opted intronless ERF TFs originated from the Late Ordovician mass extinction that occurred ~450 mya in coping with environmental stress. Moreover, intronless ERF TFs are the most abundant intronless TFs in plant genomes, and show fast responses to environmental changes. Therefore, this study suggested that intronless ERF TFs, acquired during the early evolution of plants, provided the molecular toolbox facilitating multiple subsequent independent evolutions of C4 photosynthesis.
Linking drought indices in the Atlantic sector of the High Arctic (Svalbard) to atmospheric circulation
Authors: Migała Krzysztof , Łupikasza Ewa , Osuch Marzena , Owczarek Magdalena Opała – , Owczarek Piotr 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Based on the long-term climatological data from Ny Alesund, Svalbard Airport – Longyearbyen and Hornsund Polish Polar Station, we undertook an analysis of drought indices on West Spitsbergen Island, Svalbard, for the period 1979–2019. The features and causes of spatiotemporal variability of atmospheric drought on Svalbard were identified, as expressed by the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). It was possible to indicate several-year periods with the SPEI indicating a domination of drought or wet conditions. The long-term variability in the annual and half-year (May-October) SPEI values showed a prevalence of droughts in the 1980s and in the first decade of the 21st century, while wet seasons were frequent in the 1990s and in the second decade of the 21st century. The seasonal SPEIs were characteristic of great interannual variability. In MAM and JJA, droughts were more frequent after 2000; in the same period in SON and DJF, the frequency of wet seasons increased. The most remarkable changes in the scale of the entire research period were estimated for autumn, where negative values of SPEI occur more often in the first part of the period and positive values dominate in the last 20 years. The long-term course of the variables in subsequent seasons between 1979 and 2019 indicates strong relationships between the SPEI drought index and anomalies of precipitable water and somewhat weaker relationships with anomalies of sea level pressure.
Production of Designer Milk and Its Evaluation of Constituents Beneficial for Human Health
Authors: Hasan Ali , Sohail Asma , Iqbal Muhammad Farooq , Javed Muhammad Adeel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The current trend of "functional foods" demands foods that can improve customers' health while also providing significant benefits in areas such as energy, development, and age. Milk is classified as a functional food just because it contains a high level of nutritional content as well as other health advantages that promote growth and development. Buffalo milk has a high concentration of milk proteins, lipids, vitamins, and other physiologically active components, making it an important food. Milk must be designed in such a way that it can enhance its properties in response to changing conditions in order to compete with today's demand. Milk composition can be altered or designed utilizing nutritional and genetic techniques to achieve specific health or processing benefits. This study aimed to alter the fatty acid profile and lactose content of buffalo milk utilizing plant seeds (canola seeds, linseed, and fenugreek) and other nutrients such as bypass fat, vitamins A, D, E, zinc sulphate, and folic acid. A fifteen days trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of a nutritional supplement on milk production, lactose content, and fatty acid profile of buffalo milk. Three treatments were used: To control diet (T0) and diets containing nutritional supplemented groups T1 (295g per day) and T2 (355g per day). Three replicates per treatment were used. At days 0, 5, 10, and 15, milk samples were collected from each buffalo to measure milk production, protein, fat, lactose, total solids, and fatty acid profile. A significant increase in milk production, fat, protein, and fatty acid profile of milk at days 0–15, in T2 group produced higher milk production, fat, protein, and unsaturated fatty acid (oleic-18:1, linoleic-18:2) than buffaloes in the T1 and control diet (T0). Lactose and saturated fatty acid (Palmitic-C16, Myristic-C14) scores were lower for nutritional-supplemented diets (T1 and T2). Designer milk was used to make designer yogurt, which had more fat and protein than control yogurt. These results suggest that nutritional supplements can be used in buffaloes’ diets to reduce lactose content and increase the amount of unsaturated fatty acids.
USP25 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by interacting with TRIM21 via the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway
Authors: Liu Yinghui , Ma Jingjing , Lu Shimin , He Pengzhan , Dong Weiguo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The USP25 protein has been reported to participate in the development of several cancers. However, few studies have reported its association with HCC. In our study, USP25 was highly expressed in HCC tissue and HCC cell lines. Importantly, high expression of USP25 in tissues was closely related to poor prognosis. USP25 knockdown markedly reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion of HepG2 and MHCC97H cells, whereas USP25 overexpression led to the opposite effects. In addition, we demonstrated that USP25 interacted with TRIM21 to regulate the protein levels of the EMT (E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Snail) and Wnt/β-catenin pathway (β-catenin, APC, Axin2 and GSK3β) and those of their downstream proteins (C-myc and Cyclin D1). Finally, we verified that knocking out USP25 inhibited tumour growth in vivo and promoted the distant metastasis of the tumor. In summary, our data showed that USP25 was overexpressed in HCC. USP25 promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of HCC cells by interacting with TRIM21 to activate the β-catenin signalling pathway.
Dried Raw Camel Milk Spot “DRCMS” as a simple and efficient microsampling method from hot and remote regions for mesophilic aerobes count and Lactofermentation microbiota activity detection
Authors: DRICI Habiba , ADHIKARY Nihar DEB , VILLINGER François , HANSEN Egon BECH 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We tested the validity of the “DRCMS” as new method for the collection and procurement of raw camel milk samples from the field. 100 µl of whole fresh raw camel milk were spotted on Sterile Whatman Filter Paper (SWFP) then, stored at 24°C and 37°C from 0 to 3 days. We compared the log10 cfu/mL count of mesophilic aerobes (MA) populations and the fermenting ability from freshly collected milk and corresponding samples that were spotted on SWFP. Considering the results using parametric unpaired t-test, absence of significant differences (p > 0.05) between means log10 cfu/mL from fresh raw camel kept at 06°C according the conventional method, and those from DRCMS as new storage method were recorded for 85% samples. Besides Lactofermentation test reveal that biological activities of the microbiota in each fresh raw camel milk and its correspondent DRCMS were the same, showing an effective microbiota composition preservation on SWFP.
Agrochemical Use: Factors Predisposing Maize-based Farmers to Health Impairment and the Cost of Health Valuation in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Ayegbokiki A.O , Ayinde I. A. , Okoye H.O. , Atungwu J.J. , Zingstra H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The use of agrochemicals promotes productivity and efficiency of farm work and it may become hazardous for the user if handled improperly. Hence, this study looked into the factors that triggered health impairment among maize-based farmers using agrochemical in Ogun state, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used in selecting 200 respondents for the study. Analytical tools employed in the study include descriptive statistics, multivariate probit and economic cost of illness models. The results revealed that most health impairment suffered by agrochemical user include headache, breathing difficulty, skin rashes and dizziness, among others. Insecticide, as the likely cause of headache and breathing difficulties on respondents, was significant atp ≤ 0.01 while the probability of agrochemical application method, improper use of protective wears and non-reading of instructional label was also significant to cause health impairments at values ofp ≤ 0.01,p ≤ 0.01 andp ≤ 0.05, respectively. Consequently, the economic cost of illness (COI) result reflected that maize-based farmers who used agrochemicals incurred more cost on treatment ( 51,012.31k) than the non-agrochemical users ( 21,908.13k). Insecticides tend to make the respondents more sick than other agrochemicals as it recorded a peak mean value of economic cost in the study area. The study recommends among others, prompt health talks, proper use of protective wears and investment in organic farming.
Nutritive Values of Protein Hydrolysate Products from Shrimp Waste Utilization by Fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum
Authors: Chamsart Saethawat ,   Krongchan Rattanpradit1, Kuakaew Jeerarat 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Shrimp hydrolysate proteins are produced from inedible parts of shrimp, such as the head, shell and tail, called GSW (ground shrimp waste). By fermentations with a proteolytic Lactobacillus plantarum strain 541, the inoculants were cultivated with commercial MRS (De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe) broth and pineapple juice broth (PA). There were four fermentation treatments: raw GSW fermented with inborn microorganisms, sterilized GSW fermented with MRS inoculant, raw GSW fermented with MRS inoculant, and raw GSW fermented with PA inoculant. The protein hydrolysate products of those treatments were compared with those of a nonfermented GSW and a commercial fishmeal, CFM. The changes in pH and viable cell number density concentrations (VSNC) or viable cell counts (CFU/g) were studied during fermentations at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 h. The pH values were controlled to 5.0–5.5 within the first 4 h. The hydrolysate protein products contained 48.6–52.5% (w/w) proteins, 5.4–8.0% (w/w) total lipids, 0.4–0.7% (w/w) fiber, and 12.0–13.5% (w/w) ash. The protein content in raw GSW fermented with MRS inoculant was the highest (p ≤ 0.05), close to the values of 55.6 and 63% (w/w) in nonfermented GSW and CFM. Moreover, the sixteen types of total amino acids of those hydrolysate protein products, nonfermented GSW and CFM presented high values. For this reason, the shrimp hydrolysate protein products here contain large amounts of amino acids, similar to those of the high-quantity protein source CFM. Thus, protein products from the hydrolysis of GSW by fermentation can replace CFM for animal feed protein sources. The in vitro results also showed that the shrimp hydrolysate proteins contained highly digestible proteins. They also presented varying molecular weights of 26–77 kDa of short peptides on SDS-PAGE.
Effect of calcium soaps from garlic and Salix babylonica extracts on nematode loads, nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, and rumen fermentation kinetics in dairy goats
Authors: Vargas-Bello-Pérez Einar , Ghavipanje Navid , Gonzalez Teresa Torres , Hernandez Juan Carlos Angeles , Velázquez-Ordoñez Valente , Ortega Octavio Alonso Castelán , Jimenez Lizbeth E. Robles , Roskof Sergio , González-Ronquillo Manuel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Global small ruminants’ sector is under scrutiny and is challenged by sustainability issues. The infections caused by gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are some of the main concerns that are responsible for both economic and productive losses. Natural extracts may be a useful as a part of an integrated parasite control. It has been shown that both Garlic (Garlic) and Salix babylonica (Salix) have anti-microbial and anti-parasitic properties. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary calcium soaps of Garlic and Salix extracts on nematode loads, nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, and rumen fermentation kinetics in dairy goats. A completely randomized design was used with 9 Saanen does, 3 in each of the three treatments over a period of 28 days. Animals were fed a diet based on alfalfa hay and a concentrate that was supplemented (65 g/kg DM) with calcium soaps of either safflower (Control), Garlic, or Salix. Intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were not affected by dietary calcium soaps. However, the highest digestibility of DM (P = 0.02) and OM (P = 0.01) was observed in Salix supplemented goats besides a tendency to increase (P = 0.06) NDF digestibility. In vitro gas kinetics and fermentation profile were not affected by diets. Results from fecal egg count indicated a reduction (P = 0.003) for Salix (67%) and Garlic (66%) compared to Control. Overall, calcium soaps of garlic or Salix extracts can be used to reduce gastrointestinal parasites in goats without compromising animal's productive traits and rumen function.