bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing contexts: A quasi‐experiment examining adolescent delinquency and the transition to high school
Authors: Freelin Brittany N. , McMillan Cassie , Felmlee Diane , Osgood D. Wayne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn a quasi‐experiment, we examine whether changing schools during the transition from 8th to 9th grade influences adolescent delinquency, using a sample of more than 14,000 students in 26 public school districts (PROSPER study). The dataset follows students for eight waves from 6th through 12th grade and facilitates a unique, direct comparison of students who change schools with those who remain in the same school during this period. Results show that students who transition between schools report significantly less delinquency after the shift than those who do not, and that this difference persists through 10th grade. This decline is most pronounced when adolescents from multiple middle schools move to a single high school (i.e., multifeeder transitions). Students who transition between schools have fewer delinquent friends and participate in less unstructured socializing following the change in school environment, which partially mediates their reduced delinquency. Results provide some support for theories of differential association and routine activities. Our findings highlight the role of a crucial, yet understudied, life transition in shaping adolescent delinquency. The results from this quasi‐experiment underscore the potential of alterations in social context to significantly dampen juvenile delinquency throughout high school.
Lenvatinib rechallenge in a patient with advanced thymic carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Terashima Yuto , Hakozaki Taiki , Takeuchi Susumu , Hosomi Yukio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAdvanced thymic carcinomas have limited treatment options. Recently, lenvatinib was approved for advanced thymic carcinoma treatment. However, the clinical benefit of lenvatinib re‐administration in patients with advanced thymic carcinoma who developed prior lenvatinib treatment resistance (lenvatinib rechallenge) remains unclear. Here, we present a case treated with lenvatinib rechallenge for advanced thymic carcinoma who was previously treated with lenvatinib as the second‐line treatment followed by multiple cytotoxic agents. Disease control rapidly deteriorated after the eighth line of treatment because of uncontrollable right pleural and pericardial effusion, which required repeated thoracic and pericardial drainage. Shortly after lenvatinib re‐administration, rapid pleural and pericardial effusion reduction was observed. Thereafter, the patient achieved sustained clinical response with good pleural and pericardial effusion control for approximately 7 months. Our case might suggest lenvatinib rechallenge as a treatment option for patients with advanced thymic carcinoma, especially those with poor pleural and pericardial effusion control.
Domain‐specific neural networks improve automated bird sound recognition already with small amount of local data
Authors: Lauha Patrik , Somervuo Panu , Lehikoinen Petteri , Geres Lisa , Richter Tobias , Seibold Sebastian , Ovaskainen Otso 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

An automatic bird sound recognition system is a useful tool for collecting data of different bird species for ecological analysis. Together with autonomous recording units (ARUs), such a system provides a possibility to collect bird observations on a scale that no human observer could ever match. During the last decades, progress has been made in the field of automatic bird sound recognition, but recognizing bird species from untargeted soundscape recordings remains a challenge.

In this article, we demonstrate the workflow for building a global identification model and adjusting it to perform well on the data of autonomous recorders from a specific region. We show how data augmentation and a combination of global and local data can be used to train a convolutional neural network to classify vocalizations of 101 bird species. We construct a model and train it with a global data set to obtain a base model. The base model is then fine‐tuned with local data from Southern Finland in order to adapt it to the sound environment of a specific location and tested with two data sets: one originating from the same Southern Finnish region and another originating from a different region in German Alps.

Our results suggest that fine‐tuning with local data significantly improves the network performance. Classification accuracy was improved for test recordings from the same area as the local training data (Southern Finland) but not for recordings from a different region (German Alps). Data augmentation enables training with a limited number of training data and even with few local data samples significant improvement over the base model can be achieved. Our model outperforms the current state‐of‐the‐art tool for automatic bird sound classification.

Using local data to adjust the recognition model for the target domain leads to improvement over general non‐tailored solutions. The process introduced in this article can be applied to build a fine‐tuned bird sound classification model for a specific environment.
Cerrado native vegetation is a refuge for birds under the current climate change trajectory
Authors: Hidasi‐Neto José , Gomes Nicole Mércia Alves , Pinto Nelson Silva 
Published: October 2022

AbstractClimate change is already seen as one of the biggest threats to biodiversity in the 21st century. Not many studies direct attention to its effects on whole communities of threatened hotspots. In this work, we combine climate niche modelling (ENM) with a future climate scenario of greenhouse gases emissions to study the future changes in alpha and beta diversity of birds of the Brazilian Cerrado biome, a hot spot of biodiversity with high velocity of climate change and agricultural expansion. We expected Southern Cerrado (highly modified) to present most negative changes. In general, we found heterogeneous results for changes in species richness, spatial and temporal taxonomic and functional beta diversity, and mean ecological distinctiveness. We analysed 1301 birds, 1115 Least Concern, 83 Near Threatened, 63 Vulnerable, 33 Endangered, five Critically Endangered and two Extinct in the Wild. Contrary to a previous study on Cerrado mammals, species richness is expected to increase in Northern Cerrado, where homogenization of communities (decreasing spatial turnover) is also expected to occur especially through local invasions. We show that biotic homogenization increasing (similarity among communities) will occur in two biological groups but through different subprocesses: local extinctions for mammals and local invasions for birds. Distinct conservation management actions should be directed depending on the outcomes of analyses of alpha and spatial and temporal beta diversity, for example controlling species invasions in Northern Cerrado. We also show species‐level priorities for Cerrado birds. Conservation studies should continue evaluating Cerrado in Brazil even under covid pandemic, as environmental situation in the country is not good and incentives for scientific studies are almost nonexistent. We also consider that Northern Cerrado could be seen as a potential refuge for other organismal groups (bats, butterflies, frogs, etc). Therefore, ambitious conservation actions by decision‐makers are now crucial.
Short‐term impacts of the 2019–20 fire season on biodiversity in eastern Australia
Authors: Price Owen F. , Mikac Katarina , Wilson Nicholas , Roberts Bridget , Critescu Romane H. , Gallagher Rachael , Mallee Justin , Donatiou Paul , Webb Jonathon , Keith David A. , Letnic Michael , Mackenzie Berin D.E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo address uncertainties surrounding the impacts of unprecedented 2019–20 bushfires in south‐eastern Australia, we convened a symposium on field‐measured impacts on biodiversity for the 2020 Ecological Society of Australia conference. Nine presentations covered a range of studies on plant species and communities, and reptiles and mammals. Here, we summarize the presentations and review other field studies from NSW, some of which are currently unpublished. The impacts were extensive, but results also estimated survival rate perhaps higher than first reported in the media. More than half of individual mammal, reptile and threatened rainforest trees may have survived the fire, though small populations remain very vulnerable to second fire in the near future. Comprehensive understanding of the impacts of these fires requires much more field study, and for the results to be interpreted in the context of the broader fire regime. The symposium was an important early step in that understanding.
Reference intervals for free testosterone in adult men measured using a standardized equilibrium dialysis procedure
Authors: Jasuja Ravi , Pencina Karol M. , Spencer Daniel J. , Peng Liming , Privat Fabiola , Dhillo Waljit , Jayasena Channa , Hayes Frances , Yeap Bu B. , Matsumoto Alvin M. , Bhasin Shalender 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundFree testosterone (FT) determination may be helpful in evaluating men suspected of testosterone deficiency especially in conditions with altered binding‐protein concentrations. However, methods for measuring FT by equilibrium dialysis and reference intervals vary among laboratories.ObjectiveTo determine reference intervals for FT in healthy, nonobese men by age groups as well as in healthy young men, 19–39 years, using a standardized equilibrium dialysis procedureMethodsWe measured FT in 145 healthy, nonobese men, 19 years or older, using a standardized equilibrium dialysis method performed for 16‐h at 37°C using undiluted serum and dialysis buffer that mimicked the ionic composition of human plasma. FT in dialysate was measured using a CDC‐certified liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay.ResultsIn healthy nonobese men, the 2.5th, 10th, 50th, 90th, and 97.5th percentile values for FT were 66, 91, 141, 240, and 309 pg/ml, respectively; corresponding values for men, 19–39 years, were 120, 128, 190, 274, and 368 pg/ml, respectively. FT levels by age groups exhibit the expected age‐related decline. FT levels were negatively associated with body mass index, age, and sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) levels. Percent FT was lower in middle‐aged and older men than young men adjusting for SHBG level.DiscussionFurther studies are needed to determine how these reference intervals apply to the diagnosis of androgen deficiency in clinical populations and in men of different races and ethnicities in different geographic regions.ConclusionReference intervals for free FT levels (normative range 66–309 pg/ml [229–1072 pmol/L] in all men and 120–368 pg/ml [415–1274 pmol/L] in men, 19–39 years), measured using a standardized equilibrium dialysis method in healthy nonobese men, provide a rational basis for categorizing FT levels. These intervals require further validation in other populations, in relation to outcomes, and in randomized trials.
The political system through a partisan lens: Within‐person changes in support for political parties precede political system attitudes
Authors: Satherley Nicole , Osborne Danny , Sibley Chris G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlthough political party support and attitudes towards the political system are closely related, the temporal ordering of these associations is unclear. Indeed, prior research identifies both partisan‐led change in system attitudes and system attitude‐led change in party support. Using a ten‐year (2010–2020) national probability sample of New Zealand adults (N = 66,359), we test these associations by modelling the within‐person cross‐lagged effects between conservative and liberal party support, and political system justification. During conservative‐led governments, increases in conservative party support predicted increases in political system justification more strongly than vice versa. The 2017 shift to a liberal‐led government was met with an immediate reversal of the effects of party support on system justification, but the effect of system justification on party support took a full year to reverse. These results demonstrate people's perceptions of the fairness of the political system depend on their support for the party in power.
Exploring the views of UK regional primary care practitioners on the use and role of screening tools for learning disabilities in their services
Authors: McKenzie Karen , Wigham Sarah , Bourne Jane , Rowlands Gill , Hackett Simon 
Published: October 2022

Accessible summary
Many people with learning disabilities have poor health and die younger compared to the general population so having regular health checks is very important.
Sometimes doctors (general practitioners or GPs) and nurses do not know a person has a learning disability so cannot offer them a suitable health check.
We asked GPs and a nurse for their views on ways they can find out who has learning disabilities and whether those ways of finding people work
We found that the doctors and the nurses did not use ways to find out who has learning disabilities very often, but thought they were a good idea.
Finding people with learning disabilities meant they could be offered support to attend appointments more easily.
Coping in the time of COVID‐19: Insights from university students with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Freeze Trevi B. , Lutfiyya Zana Marie , Freeze Rick , Magana Janjo , Cauthers Nick , Mukai Michael , Antonio Jacintha , Batta Anusha 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundFor almost two decades, students with intellectual, developmental and multiple disabilities have attended undergraduate classes at the University of Manitoba, in Winnipeg, Canada as part‐time auditing students. They are supported by the Campus Life program. Campus Life employs graduate and undergraduate university students as academic tutors and social role models because they too are immersed in university life.MethodsWe chose collaborative autoethnography as a research method because we believe in researching and writing with individuals with disabilities, rather than about them. Three student tutor dyads elected to participate in this study. In the context of the pandemic and the switch from on‐campus in‐person learning to off‐campus online learning, we were interested in learning about the changes, challenges or unanticipated benefits they experienced. Each dyad engaged in tutor‐led conversations, guided by open‐ended questions, and wrote their story.FindingsThe stories from the three dyads were received and analysed. We found three emergent themes. The first was centred on worries about the health risks of COVID‐19, the difficulties they experienced in adapting to online learning and their development of better skills in listening and communicating. The second theme was about the dramatic reduction in their opportunities for social engagement. With respect to the third emergent theme, they recounted some advantages of online learning, noting that it was more accessible, more convenient and safer during a pandemic.ConclusionFor the study participants the shift to online classes and tutoring sessions was surprisingly successful. They became more independent and improved their online communication, time‐management and organisational skills. Social engagement was sorely missed, especially studying and socializing with classmates at university and participating in extracurricular activities. The students also noted some advantages to online learning such as accessibility, convenience, feeling comfortable at home, avoiding transportation to the university and learning to use new tech tools. The tutors began sharing and learning from each other. This was facilitated by online tutoring roundtables. Our first insight from this study is the realisation that we now have a new medium for tutoring Campus Life students. A second is the need to better understand student social engagement in the online world.
Editorial Perspective: Using the levers to improve the mental health transitions of 15–25 year olds – learning from the evidence across the whole of health, social care and beyond
Authors: Bailey Sue 
Published: October 2022

Reflecting on the findings from the Scoping Review paper by Adu et al. (2022) and the insightful commentary from Emma and Toni Wakefield (2022) gave me the opportunity to ask all of us whether user, carer, practitioner, educator, researcher or policymaker, how can we together convert the growing evidence about best models of transitions into a reality? One that delivers across pathways of care and across geographies, with positive, sustainable and measurable whole systems change; both for Transitional Age Youth (TAY) with extant mental health problems and also a model that is able to sustain the population mental health and well‐being of all 15–25 year olds. In this commentary, I discuss the essential framework needed to develop the system change discussed in these papers.
The reporting and methodological quality of split‐mouth trials in oral implantology: A methodological study
Authors: Qin Danchen , Hua Fang , Yue Haoze , Yan Qi , He Hong , Tu Yu‐kang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study is to assess the reporting and methodological quality of split‐mouth trials (SMTs) in oral implantology published during the past 10 years, and to investigate whether there was any improvement over time.Materials and MethodsWe searched PubMed for SMTs in oral implantology published during 2011–20. We used CONSORT 2010, its extension for within‐person trial (WPT), and an SMT‐specific methodological checklist to assess trial reporting quality (TRQ), WPT‐specific reporting quality (WRQ), and SMT‐specific methodological quality (SMQ), respectively. Binary scores were given to each item, and total scores of TRQ (range 0–32), WRQ (0–15), and SMQ (0–3) were calculated for each study. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to compare the quality of SMTs published before (2011–17) and after (2018–20) the release of CONSORT for WPT.ResultsSeventy‐nine SMTs were included. The mean TRQ, WRQ, and SMQ were 16.4, 6.7, and 1.3, respectively. Less than one‐third (n = 25, 31.6%) reported the rationale for using split‐mouth designs. Only 4 (5.1%) trials adequately conducted sample size calculation, and 40 (50.6%) used appropriate statistical methods that considered dependency and clustering of data. In multivariable analyses, compared with 2011–17, studies published in 2018–20 had significantly higher TRQ (p = .044), while WRQ and SMQ did not show improvement.ConclusionsThe reporting and methodological quality of SMTs in oral implantology need to be improved. Joint efforts are needed to improve the reporting and methodology of SMTs in this field.
Implants placed in an alveolar ridge with a sloped configuration. A 3‐year prospective multicenter study
Authors: Donati Mauro , Noelken Robert , Fiorellini Joseph , Gellrich Nils‐Claudius , Parker William , Berglundh Tord 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to evaluate soft and hard tissue alterations around implants with a modified marginal portion placed in a healed, sloped ridge over 3 years of follow‐up.Material and Methods65 patients with a single recipient implant site in an alveolar ridge with a lingual‐buccal sloped configuration were recruited. Implants with a modified geometry in the marginal portion were installed in such a way that the sloped part of the device was located at the buccal and most apical position of the osteotomy preparation. Crowns were placed 21 weeks after implant placement. Radiologic examinations were performed at implant installation and at 1 and 3 years of follow‐up. Bleeding on probing (BoP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL; from the crown margin) were recorded at the insertion of the prosthesis and after 1 and 3 years.Results57 patients with 57 implant‐supported restorations attended the 3 years follow‐up examination. The radiographic analysis revealed a mean marginal bone loss of 0.57 mm during the 3 years period. While the average bone loss between 1 and 3 years amounted to 0.30 mm, approximately 50% of the implants showed no bone loss during this period. The results from the clinical examinations showed a CAL gain of 0.11 ± 0.85 mm between baseline and 3 years of follow‐up. About 65% of the implants showed no loss of attachment between 1 and 3 years. BoP and PPD ≥5 mm were identified at <10% of implants at the 3 years examination.ConclusionHard and soft tissues formed around dental implants that were designed to match the morphology of an alveolar ridge with a lingual‐buccal sloped configuration remained stable over 3 years.
Surgical interventions for implant placement in the anterior maxilla: A systematic scoping review with evidence mapping
Authors: Wu Xin‐Yu , Acharya Aneesha , Shi Jun‐Yu , Qian Shu‐Jiao , Lai Hong‐Chang , Tonetti Maurizio S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesSimplification and standardization of interventions are critical challenges to improving performance in implant dentistry. This study aimed to systematically identify and schematically present the evidence base of the implant dentistry surgical interventions for the anterior maxilla as a basis for further development and standardization.MethodsElectronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL. Primary clinical studies reporting surgical interventions in the anterior maxilla, with a sample size of at least ten patients, were included. Bibliometric information and study details were extracted. Descriptive analysis and a mind map approach were used to describe the documentation of different surgical interventions.ResultsTwo hundred and seventy‐two studies reporting on 9001 patients were included. Within the past two decades, the number of literatures on implant placement in the anterior maxilla has increased dramatically (7 studies before 2005, 151 studies after 2016). Overall, the evidence map identified six primary operations and 33 variations. For hopeless tooth extraction, immediate implant placement was the most frequently reported (141 studies, 4670 patients); flapless implant placement with hard tissue augmentation and immediate provisionalization was the most commonly reported variation (33 studies, 987 patients). Type 3/4 implant placement (62 studies, 1902 patients) and implant site augmentation (33 studies, 788 patients) were frequently reported for missing teeth. Geographical differences were observed, with type 2 placement studies almost exclusively from Europe.ConclusionsResearch on immediate implant placement was the most reported surgical intervention in the anterior maxilla. Hard tissue augmentation was frequently reported simultaneously with or before implant placement. Immediate provisionalization was mainly used for type 1 implant placement. The finding that six primary operations with 33 variations have been reported indicates the need for additional research to simplify and consolidate the surgical approach.