bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Anthropometrics and Mechanomyography Signals as Forearm Flexion, Pronation and Supination Torque Predictors
Authors: Talib Irsa , Sundaraj Kenneth , Lam Chee Kiang , Hussain Jawad , Ahmad Zeeshan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze anthropometrics and mechanomyography (MMG) signals as forearm flexion, pronation and supination torque predictors. Twenty-five young, healthy, male participants performed the isometric forearm flexion, pronation and supination tasks from 20 to 100% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) maintaining right angle at elbow joint. Nine anthropometric measures and MMG signals from biceps brachii (BB), brachialis (BRA) and brachioradialis (BRD) muscles recorded using triaxial accelerometers were correlated with torque values. Significant positive correlations were found for arm circumference (CA) and MMG root mean square (RMS) values with flexion torque at five submaximal to maximal MVC levels. Flexion torque might be predicted using arm circumference (r = 0.426–0.557), a pseudo for muscle size and MMG RMS (r = 0.404–0.470), an indication of muscle activation.
Regional Industrial Growth and Biopharma Patent Networks Empirical Insights from the UK
Authors: Gao Yuan , Zhu Zhen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has once again brought the significance of biopharmaceutical and medical technology sectors to the spotlight. Seeing that some of the most critical medical breakthroughs such as the speedy mRNA vaccine development were results of cross-border patenting collaboration, we have proposed in a previous work a new method to identify the cross-border collaborative regional centres in the patent networks, using on a clustering comparison approach based on adjusted mutual information (AMI). In this paper, we focus on the UK industrial landscape. We use the UK bioscience and health technology sector statistics from 2015 to 2020 and look into the regional growth of each postcode area. We compare the top growth regions with the cross-border collaborative centers identified using AMI comparison at the postcode area level, and find that areas more central in the long-term cross-regional R&D collaboration tend to have more developed industrial settings with higher business numbers and, potentially more employment and turnover in the field.
Adjuvant radiotherapy and survival of patients with squamous cell carcinoma involving the entire tongue: The SEER database analysis
Authors: Ding Zhenyu , Yao Run , Zuo Jun , Li Ning 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We examined the benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) for patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was applied to identify patients treated with or without aRT for tongue SCC. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test assessed survival curves for SCC stages stratified by aRT. Hazard ratios were estimated for stage and aRT concerning overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Propensity-score matching was performed to assess differences in baseline characteristics. We included 3322 cases. The total number of deaths and disease-specific deaths were 1234 (37.15%) and 938 (28.24%), respectively. The Kaplan–Meier curves for 5-year OS and DSS showed that patients receiving aRT had lower and higher survival probabilities during Stages I and IV, respectively (P<0.0001). On Cox regression analysis, aRT and 5-year OS and DSS were positively and negatively associated with Stage I and Stage IV patients, respectively. Sensitivity analysis results were consistent before and after PSM. OS and DSS of Stage II and III patients in the aRT and non-aRT groups were not significantly different (P<0.05). aRT WAS significantly associated with survival benefits and worse survival for Stage IV and I tongue SCC cases, respectively.
The relationship of postural asymmetry to inspiratory and expiratory pressure of young women
Authors: Paśko Sławomir , Sutkowski Marek , Grudniewski Tomasz , Żuk Beata 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Breathing mechanic is determined by tonus and flexibility, correct contraction amplitude of the thoracic diaphragm, relaxation, and the activity of auxiliary muscles. Respiratory muscle strength is evaluated by measuring the static maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) pressures. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between MIP and MEP and body posture in female soccer players.
Material and methods
The research involved a group of 57 women aged 16–20 years (42 soccer players and 15 controls) without disorders in the movement apparatus, cardiovascular system, or respiratory system. MIP and MEP were measured and analyzed with respect to body posture in three different positions. MIP and MEP values were evaluated with Micro Respiratory Muscle Analyzer (CareFusion). The body posture in the coronal plane from the back measured with a non-contact 3D photogrammetry system.
Results
Asymmetries in body posture were also measured and compared between groups. Asymmetry was observed at all anatomical locations in each of the postural positions, with an increase in asymmetry of the scapulae in the soccer players (p = 0.008). The control group had increased asymmetry at the skull nuchal line.
Conclusions
These results draw attention to the need for standardizing the evaluation procedure for respiratory muscle strength and interpretation of results. Postural measurements allow linkage of specific postural errors to the maximum strength of inspiratory and expiratory muscles. The asymmetrical location of the scapulae may be followed by a disturbance in the maximum strength of the inspiratory muscles.
The effects of Acesulfame Potassium injection in the prenatal period on adult spermatogenesis
Authors: zereshki razieh , Noori Ali 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated the effect of Acesulfame-K administration during pregnancy on spermatogenesis.
Methods
Four groups of rats were intraperitoneally injected with Ace-K in doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400mg/kg body weight during pregnancy. After lactation, the newborn male rats were divided into the "treated group" which received Ace-K as their mothers had and the "untreated group" which reached puberty naturally. Blood samples were collected and LH, FSH, and testosterone levels were measured. Sperm density, morphology, and motility were evaluated. The histopathology of the testes tissue, weight changes and testis weight to body weight ratios were examined.
Results
Testosterone had significantly increased in the "treated group" in the 50, 200, 400mg doses. FSH significantly decreased in the "treated group" in the 50, 100mg, and in the "untreated group" in the 50, 200, 400mg doses. Neonatal weight gain up to puberty was significantly higher in the "treated group" in the 50, 200mg doses. There was a significant difference in the weight gain of the pregnant rats in the 200mg dose. A significant difference in the percentage of abnormal sperm was observed in both groups in the 50mg dose. A significant decrease in sperm motility was observed in the "treated group" with 200 and 400mg doses, and significant increase was seen in the "treated group" with the 50 and 100mg doses and the "untreated group" with the 400mg dose. The results show no significant difference in other measurements.
Conclusion
In this study, changes in hormone levels and spermatogenesis did not necessarily indicate any negative effects of Ace-K on fertility.
The long non-coding RNA EGOT promotes pancreatic cancer progression by sequestering miR-214 to derepress PLS3 expression
Authors: Yao Jie , Duan Heng , Xin Zechang , Liu Peng , Cai Lijie , Han Jinrui , Wang Xiaodong , Li Zhennan , Qian Jianjun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play central roles in diverse oncogenic contexts. Database-based bioinformatics analyses indicated that pancreatic cancer (PC) samples exhibit the upregulation of the lncRNA EGOT. The present study was therefore designed to explore the role of this lncRNA in PC, focusing on its ability to regulate the EGOT/miR-214/PLS3 axis.Methods: A qPCR approach was used to quantify EGOT, miR-214, and PLS3 mRNA levels in PC cells, while PLS3 protein levels were examined via Western blotting. Tumor cell invasivity and proliferation were measured through CCK-8, EdU, and wound healing assays. The impact of EGOR knockdown on in vivo PC tumor growth was additionally assessed. Results: EGOT upregulation was observed in PC cells, and the knockdown of this lncRNA significantly impaired their migration, proliferation, and invasion. Direct binding interactions between miR-214 and both EGOT and PSL3 were detected, and miR-214 inhibition was sufficient to partially reverse the impact of EGOT knockdown on PLS3 expression and PC cell proliferative and migratory activity. Knocking down EGOT also suppressed the in vivo growth of PC tumors, and relationships between EGOT, miR-214, and PLS3 were confirmed in this animal model system. Conclusion:We confirmed that EGOT serves as an important regulator of PC development, suggesting that it may be a valuable diagnostic biomarker and/or therapeutic target in this oncogenic context.
Longitudinal Association Of Atopic Dermatitis Progression And Keratin 6A
Authors: Zhu Yaqian , Mitra Nandita , Margolis David 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a common skin disease characterized by skin breakdown. Risk and severity have been associated with genetic variation especially with respect to the filaggrin gene, suggesting the importance of skin barrier function in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis. The keratin protein plays a role in epithelial health but its relationship with disease severity would benefit from further exploration. In this study, we evaluate the association between common keratin 6 variants and severity of atopic dermatitis over time using a Bayesian generalized linear mixed model to account for repeated measures. We identify groups of variants within which individual variants have similar effects on skin healing. Further assessment of the biological mechanisms by which these contribute to healing or breakdown of epidermis may inform treatment of atopic dermatitis.
A national diagnostic framework for patients with ultra-rare disorders: molecular genetic findings using phenotypic and sequencing data
Authors: Krawitz Peter 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Most individuals with rare diseases first contact primary care physicians. Although efficient diagnostic routines exist for a subset of rare diseases, ultra-rare entities often require expert clinical knowledge or comprehensive genetic diagnostics, which poses structural challenges to public healthcare systems. To address these challenges, a novel structured diagnostic concept based on the presence of multidisciplinary expertise at centers for rare diseases (CRDs) that have been established at German university hospitals in recent years, was evaluated in a prospective study (TRANSLATE-NAMSE). Between January 2018 and December 2020, 5652 patients were enrolled in the study and were comprehensively assessed by multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) at ten CRDs. Exome sequencing (ES) was initiated for 268 adult and 1309 pediatric patients and partially complemented by additional molecular tests. Conclusive diagnoses were established in 494 individuals, covering 400 diagnostic-grade genes, suggesting ultra-rare disorders were enriched in this cohort. In addition, we describe 56 novel gene-phenotype associations, mainly in individuals with neurodevelopmental delay. A subcohort of 211 individuals was analyzed with the artificial intelligence–based PEDIA protocol, which integrates next-generation phenotyping on medical imaging and sequencing data. With the entire cohort data, we developed a tool to predict the diagnostic yield from the clinical features of a patient if advanced molecular testing strategies are applied.
Functional analyses and single cell immunoprofiling uncover sex-specific differences in SARS-CoV2 immune memory development
Authors: Eraslan Basak , Brown Eric , Benson Maura , Amir-Zilberstein Liat , Park Sung-Moo , Tusi Betsabeh , Pokatayev Vladislav , Hecht Cody , Pishesha Novalia , Phillips Devan , Kim Andy , Zhang Shuting , Gaca Anthony , Ghantous Fadi , Delorey Toni , Livny Jonathan , Baden Lindsey , Rozenblatt-Rosen Orit , Graham Daniel , Regev Aviv , Seaman Michael , Woolley Ann , Cosimi Lisa , Hung Deborah , Deguine Jacques , Xavier Ramnik 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to a broad range of outcomes and immune responses, with the development of neutralizing antibodies generally correlated with protection against reinfection. Here, we have characterized both neutralizing activity and T cell responses in a cluster of subjects with mild disease linked to a single spreading event. Surprisingly, we observed sex-specific associations between spike- and particularly nucleoprotein-specific T cell responses and neutralization, with pro-inflammatory cytokines being linked to higher titers only in males. Using single cell immunoprofiling, which provided matched transcriptome and T-cell receptor (TCR) profiles in restimulated CD4 + and CD8 + cells from these subjects, we identified differences in type I IFN signaling that may underlie this difference in antibody generation. Finally, we also identified several TCRs associated with cytokine producing T cells. Altogether, our work maps the breadth of immunological outcomes of SARS-CoV2 infections and highlight the potential role of sex-specific feedback loops during the generation of neutralizing antibodies.
Investigating the Epidemiological and Economic Effects of a Third-Party Certification Policy for Restaurants with COVID-19 Prevention Measures
Authors: Hirokawa Kazuya , Hirota Jumpei , Kawaguchi Daiji , Masaki Yusuke , Onita Chiaki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of a third-party certification policy for restaurants (including bars) that comply with indoor infection prevention measures on COVID-19 cases and economic activities. We focus on the case of Yamanashi Prefecture in Japan, which introduced a third-party certification policy that accredits facilities, predominantly restaurants, that comply with the designated guidelines. We employ a difference-indifferences design for each of our epidemiological and economic analyses. The estimation results show that, from July 2020 to April 2021, the certification policy reduced the total number of new infection cases by approximately 45.3% (848 cases) while increasing total sales and the number of customers per restaurant by approximately 12.8% (3.21 million Japanese yen or $30,000) and 30.3% (2,909 customers), respectively, compared to the non-intervention scenarios. The results suggest that a third-party certification policy can be an effective policy to mitigate the trade-off between economic activities and infection prevention during a pandemic, especially when effective vaccines are not widely available.
Paludisphaera rhizosphaereae sp. nov., a new member of the family Isosphaeraceae,isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Erianthus ravennae
Authors: Lhingjakim Khongsai L , Smita Nandardhane , Kumar Gaurav , Jagadeeshwari Uppada , Ahamad Shabbir , Sasikala Chintalapati , Ramana Ch. Venkata 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Two axenic cultures of Planctomycetota were isolated from distinct geographical locations of India. Strain JC665T was isolated from a rhizosphere soil of Loktak lake, Manipur, whereas strain JC747 was isolated from a sediment located at Pallikkara village, Kerala, India. The two closely related strains shared the highest (94.6%) 16S rRNA gene sequence identity with Paludidphaera borealis PX4T, while the 16S rRNA gene sequence identity between both strains was 100%. Both strains grow aerobically, stain Gram negative, colonies are light pink-coloured, cells are non-motile, spherical to oval-shaped and tolerate NaCl up to 2% (w/v). While strain JC665T grows well up to pH 9.0, strain JC747 up to pH 8.0. Respiratory quinone for both strains was MK-6. C16:0, C18:1ω9c and C18:0 are the major fatty acids. Phosphatidylcholine, two unidentified glycolipids, seven unidentified lipids and two unidentified phospholipid was the polar lipid composition of both strains. Both strains have genome size of about 8.0Mb and have GC content of 66.4 mol%. Both strains contained genes encoding for lycopene related carotenoids. The phylogenetic position, morphological, physiological and genomic features support the classification of strain JC665T as a new species of the genus Paludisphaera, for which we propose the name Paludisphaera rhizosphaerae sp. nov. Strain JC665T (= KCTC 72671T = NBRC 114305T) and JC747 are the type and non- type strain of the new species, respectively.
Evaluating Results of Trial Application of Some Clinical Teaching-learning Methods for Medical Students of Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Authors: Nguyen Sang Ngoc , Pham Hanh Thi , Vu Lam Tung , Pham Truong Xuan , Gottlieb Barbara 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Communication, history-taking, and documentation are critical skills for medical students to master in their training. To improve these skills, we designed, and pilot tested a curriculum to teach a sample of Y4 students these skills and compared the clinical performance of these students with students not receiving the intervention. Methods: We designed a curriculum to teach HPUMP Y4 students clinical skills. We then studied the effectiveness of the curriculum in enhancing the performance of these skills. We randomly assigned intervention and control groups from different societies to limit exposure between groups. We assessed the clinical competency of each group at 3 times: before intervention, after 9 weeks, and after 2 years of intervention.Results: There was no difference at baseline between 2 groups. Immediately following the intervention, the mean score of the intervention group's skills was significantly higher than before the intervention and higher than the control group in each clinical skill. The performance difference between the 2 groups was maintained two years following the intervention. Discussion and conclusions: Communication, history-taking, and documentation are essential skills requiring focused instruction and practice. Following a 9-week curriculum, students’ performance was rated higher by evaluators than their counterparts who learned these skills through standard informal exposure in the clinical setting. The fact that this performance advantage was maintained 2 years following the intervention is a testament to the durability of the intervention and to the value of dedicated training in these key areas at an early point in students’ clinical careers.
Author Multidisciplinarity and Disciplinary Roles in Field of Study Networks
Authors: Cunningham Eoghan , Smyth Barry , Greene Derek 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
When studying large research corpora, “distant reading” methods are vital to understand the topics and trends in the corresponding research space. In particular, given the recognised benefits of multidisciplinary research, it may be important to map schools or communities of diverse research topics, and to understand the multidisciplinary role that topics play within and between these communities. This work proposes Field of Study (FoS) networks as a novel network representation for use in scientometric analysis. We describe the formation of FoS networks, which relate research topics according to the authors who publish in them, from corpora of articles in which fields of study can be identified. FoS networks are particularly useful for the distant reading of large datasets of research papers when analysed through the lens of exploring multidisciplinary science. In an evolving scientific landscape, modular communities in FoS networks offer an alternative categorisation strategy for research topics and sub-disciplines, when compared to traditional prescribed discipline classification schemes. Furthermore, structural role analysis of FoS networks can highlight important characteristics of topics in such communities. To support this, we present two case studies which explore multidisciplinary research in corpora of varying size and scope; namely, 6,323 articles relating to network science research and 4,184,011 articles relating to research on the COVID-19-pandemic.
Non-Sentinel Node Metastasis Prediction During Surgery in Patients with Breast Cancer with One to Three Positive Sentinel Node(s) Upon Frozen Biopsy Result Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Chun Jung Whan , Kim Jisun , Chung Il Yong , Ko Beom Seok , Kim Hee Jeong , Lee Jong Won , Son Byung Ho , Ahn Sei-Hyun , Lee Sae Byul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We aimed to develop a tool that could accurately predict the possibility of non-sentinel lymph node metastasis (NSLNM) during surgery, permitting surgeons to intraoperatively decide the extent of further axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for patients with one to three positive sentinel lymph node(s) (SLN) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). In this retrospective analysis, we included records of 558 patients who were treated between 2005 and 2019. Using chi-square and logistic regression with a bootstrapped, backward elimination method, 13 factors were assessed for their utility in predicting NSLNM. Based on the results of the univariate analysis, the number of positive SLN(s), number of frozen nodes, progesterone receptor (PR) positivity, and clinical N stage were selected for the multivariate analysis and used to generate a nomogram for residual nodal disease prediction. The resulting nomogram was validated using a more recent, different time window patient group at the AMC. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of this formula was 0.709 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.658–0.761) and 0.715 (95% CI, 0.634–0.796) for the development and validation sets, respectively. This newly developed AMC nomogram could be useful for surgeons for intraoperative guidance in determining the extent of further axillary surgery.
Heat shock transcription factor 2 promotes mitophagy of intestinal epithelial cells through PARL/PINK1/Parkin pathway in ulcerative colitis
Authors: liang hao , Zhang Fengrui , Wang Wen , Zhao Wei , Zhou Jiao , Feng Yuran , Wu Jing , Li Maojuan , Bai Xinyu , Zeng Zhong , Niu Junkun , Miao Yinglei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective and backgroundThe overactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical factor for ulcerative colitis (UC). We found that heat shock transcription factor 2 (HSF2), which is highly expressed in UC, could inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and reduce IL-1β in intestinal epithelial cells(IECs), but the mechanisms were still unclear. We aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of HSF2 inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome of IECs.Methods: TEM was used to detect the number of damaged mitochondria and the level of mitophagy in intestinal mucosa of UC patients, healthy controls, mice and Caco-2 cells. ROS levels were detected by immunofluorescence or flow cytometry. RT-PCR, WB and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the level of PARL, PINK1 and Parkin.Results: The levels of mitophagy and ROS in intestinal mucosa of UC patients were positively correlated with disease activity. In IECs, after downregulation of HSF2, mitophagy reduced and number of damaged mitochondria and ROS increased, while overexpression of HSF2 showed opposite results. In addition, HSF2 might regulate mitophagy through PARL/PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway.Conclusions:HSF2 may promote mitophagy and decrease the level of mtROS through the PARL/PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway, which might be a potential mechanism of HSF2 inhibiting inflammation in UC.