bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suspect Screening and Chemical Profile Analysis of Storm-Water Runoff Following 2017 Wildfires in Northern California
Authors: Wang Miaomiao , Kinyua Juliet , Jiang Ting , Sedlak Meg , McKee Lester J. , Fadness Richard , Sutton Rebecca , Park June-Soo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The combustion of structures and household materials as well as firefighting during wildfires lead to releases of potentially hazardous chemicals directly into the landscape. Subsequent storm-water runoff events can transport wildfire-related contaminants to downstream receiving waters, where they may pose water quality concerns. To evaluate the environmental hazards of northern California fires on the types of contaminants in storm water discharging to San Francisco Bay and the coastal marine environment, we analyzed storm water collected after the northern California wildfires (October 2017) using a nontargeted analytical (NTA) approach. Liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis was completed on storm-water samples (n = 20) collected from Napa County (impacted by the Atlas and Nuns fires), the city of Santa Rosa, and Sonoma County (Nuns and Tubbs fires) during storm events that occurred in November 2017 and January 2018. The NTA approach enabled us to establish profiles of contaminants based on peak intensities and chemical categories found in the storm-water samples and to prioritize significant chemicals within these profiles possibly attributed to the wildfire. The results demonstrated the presence of a wide range of contaminants in the storm water, including surfactants, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and chemicals from consumer and personal care products. Homologs of polyethylene glycol were found to be the major contributor to the contaminants, followed by other widely used surfactants. Nonylphenol ethoxylates, typically used as surfactants, were detected and were much higher in samples collected after Storm Event 1 relative to Storm Event 2. The present study provides a comprehensive approach for examining wildfire-impacted storm-water contamination of related contaminants, of which we found many with potential ecological risk. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1824–1837. © 2022 SETAC
Caregiving concerns and clinical characteristics across neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular disorders in the Ontario neurodegenerative disease research initiative
Authors: Beaton Derek , McLaughlin Paula M. , Orange Joseph B. , Munoz Douglas P. , Mandzia Jennifer , Abrahao Agessandro , Binns Malcolm A. , Black Sandra E. , Borrie Michael , Dowlatshahi Dar , Freedman Morris , Fischer Corinne E. , Finger Elizabeth C. , Frank Andrew , Grimes David , Hassan Ayman , Kumar Sanjeev , Lang Anthony Edward , Levine Brian , Marras Connie , Masellis Mario , Pollock Bruce G. , Rajji Tarek K. , Ramirez Joel , Sahlas Demetrios J. , Saposnik Gustavo , Scott Christopher J. M. , Seitz Dallas P. , Strother Stephen C. , Sunderland Kelly M. , Tan Brian , Tang‐Wai David F. , Troyer Angela K. , Turnbull John , Zinman Lorne , Swartz Richard H. , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Breen David P. , Kwan Donna , Roberts Angela C. , the ONDRI Investigators  
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesCaregiving burdens are a substantial concern in the clinical care of persons with neurodegenerative disorders. In the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative, we used the Zarit's Burden Interview (ZBI) to examine: (1) the types of burdens captured by the ZBI in a cross‐disorder sample of neurodegenerative conditions (2) whether there are categorical or disorder‐specific effects on caregiving burdens, and (3) which demographic, clinical, and cognitive measures are related to burden(s) in neurodegenerative disorders?Methods/DesignN = 504 participants and their study partners (e.g., family, friends) across: Alzheimer's disease/mild cognitive impairment (AD/MCI; n = 120), Parkinson's disease (PD; n = 136), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; n = 38), frontotemporal dementia (FTD; n = 53), and cerebrovascular disease (CVD; n = 157). Study partners provided information about themselves, and information about the clinical participants (e.g., activities of daily living (ADL)). We used Correspondence Analysis to identify types of caregiving concerns in the ZBI. We then identified relationships between those concerns and demographic and clinical measures, and a cognitive battery.ResultsWe found three components in the ZBI. The first was “overall burden” and was (1) strongly related to increased neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPI severity r = 0.586, NPI distress r = 0.587) and decreased independence in ADL (instrumental ADLs r = −0.566, basic ADLs r = −0.43), (2) moderately related to cognition (MoCA r = −0.268), and (3) showed little‐to‐no differences between disorders. The second and third components together showed four types of caregiving concerns: current care of the person with the neurodegenerative disease, future care of the person with the neurodegenerative disease, personal concerns of study partners, and social concerns of study partners.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the experience of caregiving in neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases is individualized and is not defined by diagnostic categories. Our findings highlight the importance of targeting ADL and neuropsychiatric symptoms with caregiver‐personalized solutions.
Deficits in rate of force production during multifinger tasks are associated with cognitive status
Authors: Carson Richard G. , Holton Eimíle 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe multifinger force deficit (MFFD) is the decline in force generated by an individual finger as the number of fingers contributing to the action is increased. It has been proposed that as a measure of neural sufficiency rather than muscle status, it provides a means of detecting individuals at risk of cognitive decline. Age‐related deficits in central neural drive exert a disproportionate impact on the rate at which force can be generated. We examined whether a MFFD derived from the maximum rate at which force is generated, is more sensitive to individual differences in cognitive status, than one calculated using the maximum level of force.MethodsMonotonic associations between each of two variants of the MFFD, and cognition (measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment), were estimated cross sectionally using generalized partial rank correlations, in which age, level of education and degree of handedness were included as covariates. The participants (n=26) were community dwelling adults aged 66‐87.ResultsThe MFFD derived using the maximum rate of force development was negatively associated with cognitive status. The association for the MFFD based on the maximum level of force, was not statistically reliable. The associations with cognitive status obtained for both variants of the MFFD were of greater magnitude than those reported previously for standard grip strength dynamometry.ConclusionThe sensitivity with which the MFFD detects risk of cognitive decline may be enhanced by using the maximum rate of force developed by each finger, rather than the maximum force generated by each finger.
(RE)Imagining and (RE)Calibrating community engagement professionals’ roles in higher education
Authors: Farmer‐Hanson Ashley J. , Echols Melisa A. , Nelson Mark S. , Manning‐Ouellette Amber 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCivic learning and democratic engagement (CLDE) work has become a central piece of higher education's mission, woven in daily tasks. This chapter explores how the community engagement professional (CEP) role can be reimagined across institutions and the opportunities, challenges, and next steps for moving forward. The strategic positioning of CEP's roles within the institution, provides opportunity and crucial pathways for college student development. Higher education has the opportunity to change national discourse on CLDE work and model how institutions play a significant role in building a democratic society.
Building sustainable civic learning and democratic engagement goals for the future
Authors: Noble Donnette , Kniffin Lori E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis concluding chapter identifies the key shifts in CLDE by weaving together CLDE's roots, progress, and contemporary concerns. It becomes apparent that CLDE is in a time of transition; yet, the authors highlight two models that have balanced tradition and innovation. Additionally, there are three important orientations to CLDE work that will help in recalibrating how we think about, approach, and evaluate CLDE goals: (1) adaptive leadership for addressing the wicked problems of the 21st century, (2) boundary spanning for CLDE goal setting to create work that is both relevant and sustainable, and (3) critical theory and the necessity to embrace disciplinary viewpoints with the common goal of ensuring the viability of CLDE into a future yet to be imagined. The authors conclude by challenging CLDE professionals to consider setting goals for CLDE work through the prism of these three concepts to recalibrate CLDE for a stronger, sustainable future.
Gasdermin D–mediated pyroptosis suppresses liver regeneration after 70% partial hepatectomy
Authors: Lv Xingyu , Chen Jiang , He Jiayan , Hou Lidan , Ren Yiyue , Shen Xiaoyun , Wang Yifan , Ji Tong , Cai Xiujun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Pyroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death primarily mediated by gasdermin D (GSDMD) and shown to regulate multiple diseases. However, its contribution to liver regeneration, a fine‐tuned tissue repair process mediated primarily by hepatocytes after mass loss, remains unclear. Herein, we found that caspase‐11/GSDMD‐mediated pyroptosis was activated in regenerating liver after 70% partial hepatectomy. Impeding pyroptosis by deleting GSDMD significantly reduced liver injury and accelerated liver regeneration. Mechanistically, GSDMD deficiency up‐regulates the activation of hepatocyte growth factor/c‐Met and epidermal growth factor receptor mitogenic pathways at the initiation phase. Moreover, activin A and glypican 3 (GPC3), two terminators of liver regeneration, were inhibited when GSDMD was absent. In vitro study suggested the expressions of activin A and GPC3 were induced by interleukin (IL)–1β and IL‐18, whose maturations were regulated by GSDMD‐mediated pyroptosis. Similarly, pharmacologically inhibiting GSDMD recapitulates these phenomena. Conclusion: This study characterizes the role of GSDMD‐mediated pyroptosis in liver regeneration and lays the foundation for enhancing liver restoration by targeting GSDMD in liver patients with impaired regenerative capacity.
An exploratory study on the mechanism of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction in the treatment of neuropathic pain
Authors: Luo Bo‐Yan , Zhou Hong‐Su , Xiao Qiu‐Xia , He Yu‐Qi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHuangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD) has a definite effect on neuropathic pain (NP), whereas the specific mechanism has not been elucidated. The components and targets in HGWD were collected and identified through System Pharmacology Database (Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform). Genecards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases were used to search for NP‐related genes. The Venn diagram was drawn to get the intersection target. Cytoscape 3.8.0 software was used to construct the compound‐disease‐target‐pathway networks. STRING database was applied to analyze protein–protein interaction of potential targets. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses were used to identify the function of genes related to NP. Finally, molecular docking was performed to visualize the binding mode and affinity between proteins and active ingredients. According to the intersection target of the Venn diagram, the network graph is constructed by Cytoscape and the results show the five compounds, β‐sitosterol, (+)‐catechin, quercetin, Stigmasterol, kaempferol, and 15 genes (CASP3, FOS, GSK3B, HSP90AA1, IKBKB, IL6, MAPK8, RELA, ICAM1, SELE, ELK1, HSPB1, PRKACA, PRKCA, RAF1) were highly correlated with NP. KEGG and GO of 15 genes results that TNF, IL‐17 and MAPK signaling pathway were Significantly related to the pathological mechanism of NP. Molecular docking showed that core genes in this network were IL‐6 (TNF and IL‐17 signaling pathways), ICAM1 (TNF signaling pathway), and CASP3 (three signal pathways). This study found that the five active compounds, three core genes, and three signaling pathways may be the key to the treatment of NP by HGWD.
As long as you are self‐compassionate, you will never walk alone. The interplay between self‐compassion and rejection sensitivity in predicting loneliness
Authors: Borawski Dominik , Nowak Adrianna 
Published: May 2022

Research shows that one of the key predictors of loneliness is cognitive–affective attitude towards oneself. Until recently, researchers' interest in this area was focused mainly on self‐esteem. Lately, however, researchers looking for the antecedents of loneliness turned their attention to a different self‐attitude variable—namely, self‐compassion. The aim of the current study was to extend the existing research on the self‐compassion–loneliness link by investigating rejection sensitivity as a potential underlying mechanism and moderator of the relationship between these variables. A sample of 204 participants from Poland, aged 18–70 years (M = 28.36, SD = 9.19), completed a set of three questionnaires: the Self‐Compassion Scale—Short Form, the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the Adult Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire. The study revealed that rejection sensitivity was both a mediator and a moderator between self‐compassion and loneliness. These results are discussed in the context of the cognitive‐affective mechanisms of loneliness and the protective functions of self‐compassion.
MicroRNA‐384‐5p protects against cardiac hypertrophy via the ALPK3 signaling pathway
Authors: Guo Suxia , Yang Yanhua , Qian Weichun , Yao Yongzhao , Zhou Guoxiang , Shen Lihan , Zhou Jianping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHeart failure is a condition caused by a variety of pathophysiological factors. One important pathological change of chronic heart failure is myocardial hypertrophy. In recent years, several studies have found that dysregulated microRNAs are involved in regulating the pathological process of heart failure. In this study, cardiac hypertrophy models were constructed using isoproterenol (ISO)‐/angiotensin‐II (Ang‐II) to explore the role of miR‐384‐5p in cardiac hypertrophy and its molecular mechanism in vivo and in vitro. Echocardiography, invasive pressure–volume analysis and hematoxylin–eosin staining were used to explore cardiac structure and function. ALPK3 mRNA and protein expression were detected using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and western blot analysis and miR‐384‐5p expression were assessed via RT‐qPCR. Our findings determined that miR‐384‐5p was notably decreased in cardiac hypertrophic tissues and cells, and overexpression of miR‐384‐5p could ameliorate pressure overload. Furthermore, ALPK3 was determined to downregulate the ALPK3 expression to aggravate cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Our findings provided a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
Predictors of posttraumatic stress symptom severity and meaning made in treatment‐seeking veterans
Authors: Owens Gina P. , Hamrick Lauren A. , Keller Emily M. , Perkins Marjorie , Collins Summer , Thomas Elizabeth A. , Haag Ian , Swan Scott , Pickering Natalie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveCombat‐exposed veterans risk encountering events that disrupt beliefs. To facilitate reduced discrepancy between prior beliefs and current trauma appraisals, veterans may engage in a process of meaning‐making. Meaning‐making can lead to positive outcomes, such as integrating the traumatic event into one's life narrative or adapting global meaning (meaning made) or elicit distress. Given these potentially different outcomes, this study examined potential correlates of posttraumatic stress symptom (PTSS) severity and meaning made, including relationship attachment dimensions of anxiety and avoidance, and difficulties with emotion regulation, while controlling for combat exposure.MethodVeterans receiving mental health services at a Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center and a VA community‐based outpatient clinic (N = 130) completed measures through a paper‐and‐pencil survey. Almost all participants (92%) were male, with a mean age of 55.92 years.ResultsIn terms of meaning made, lower levels of attachment anxiety and emotional clarity (an aspect of emotion regulation) predicted higher meaning made. In terms of PTSS severity, higher attachment avoidance, attachment anxiety, and difficulties engaging in goal‐directed behavior (an aspect of emotion regulation) significantly predicted higher PTSS severity.ConclusionAspects of both attachment style and emotion regulation difficulties affect meaning made and PTSS severity. These constructs may be especially relevant for clinicians working with veterans to help PTSS and support meaning made postcombat.
The relationship between distress tolerance and symptoms of depression: Validation of the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) and short‐form (DTS‐SF)
Authors: Brown Ruby J. , Burton Amy L. , Abbott Maree J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective: Distress tolerance (DT) has been found to be implicated in the development and maintenance of depressive symptomatology and various other significant psychological conditions. As such, it is critical to have measures of DT that are effective and easy to administer. This study aimed to examine the factor structure, psychometric properties, and clinical utility of the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) and the short‐form version, the Distress Tolerance Scale Short‐form (DTS‐SF), in a large population of individuals with varying levels of self‐reported depressive symptoms. Method: A total of 959 participants completed an online battery of questionnaires which included an assessment of depressive symptoms as well as the DTS and related measures. Results: Confirmatory factor analyses validated the four‐factor structure of the DTS and the one‐factor structure of the DTS‐SF. Good construct validity and good internal consistency were observed across both the DTS and DTS‐SF. Conclusion: Overall, this paper provides new evidence for the validity, reliability and discriminative ability of the DTS and the brief version of the questionnaire, the DTS‐SF.
Three‐dimensional tissue volume generation in conventional brightfield microscopy
Authors: Koudounas Panteleimon , Koniaris Efthymios , Manolis Ioannis , Asvestas Panteleimon , Kostopoulos Spiros , Cavouras Dionisis , Glotsos Dimitris 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to develop and automate a series of steps for enabling digital 3D tissue volume generation in conventional Brightfield microscopy for histopathology applications. Tissue samples were retrieved from the General Hospital of Athens “Hippocration”, Greece. Samples were placed on a microtome that produced consecutive 2 μm sections. Each section was stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin and placed on microscope slides. A histopathologist specified the region of interest (ROI) on each slide. A 2D image was created from each ROI using a LEICA DM2500 microscope with a LEICA DFC 420C camera. Τhe 3D volume was created by stacking consecutive 2D images using a deep learning image interpolation method. The reconstructed 3D tissue volumes were evaluated by an expert histopathologist. Results showed that the 3D volumes might reveal information that is not clearly visible or even undetectable in the conventional 2D Brightfield images. In contrast to other 3D tissue imaging technologies, the proposed method (a) does not depend on the distance of the sample from the objectives producing 3D tissue volumes at any desired magnification, (b) does not require a special instrument, it may be implemented with any conventional Brightfield microscope, and (c) can be used for any given routine application, not only for some specialized clinical studies. The proposed study provides the basis for a feasible, cost‐less and time‐less upgrade of any standard 2D microscope into a 3D imaging instrument that may enhance the quality of diagnostic assessments in histopathology.Highlights
A method for 3D tissue volume generation.
3D volumes reveal information not clearly visible or even undetectable in 2D images.
A method for feasible, cost‐less and time‐less upgrade of any Brightfield 2D microscope into a 3D imaging instrument.
The arteries of the musculoskeletal system of siamangs, and a comparison with other hylobatids, greater apes, and humans
Authors: Cheung Laraine H. , Martin Jose S. , Barger Nicole , Phillips Carina , Fernandez Vincent , Diogo Rui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLimited research on the gross anatomy of the blood vessels has been conducted on hylobatids, or lesser apes, so far. Here, we present a detailed study of the arteries of siamangs (Symphalangus) and compare our findings with data compiled from our previous studies as well as from the literature about other hylobatids, greater apes, and humans. In particular, a three‐dimensional full‐body computed tomography data set of a siamang neonate was analyzed in detail for this study, with notable findings in the head and neck, thorax, upper limb, abdomen and pelvis, and lower limb. Of the 62 arteries that we studied in detail, a total of 20 arteries that have never been described in detail in hylobatids are reported in this study. Key similarities to other apes differing from humans include the existence of a humeral common circumflex trunk and the origination of the dorsalis pedis from the posterior tibial artery or saphenous artery instead of the anterior tibial artery. Similarities to humans differing from other apes include the separation of the lingual and facial arteries and the origination of the profunda brachii from the brachial artery instead of the axillary artery. Our research and broader comparisons, therefore, contribute to knowledge about the soft tissues of hylobatids, other apes, and primates in general and facilitate a better understanding of the anatomical evolution and key differences and similarities among these taxa.
Two conserved amino acids differentiate the biology of high‐risk and low‐risk HPV E5 proteins
Authors: Sudarshan Sawali R. , Schlegel Richard , Liu Xuefeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe high‐risk alpha human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are responsible for 99% of cervical cancers. While the biological functions of the HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins are well‐characterized, the function of E5 has remained elusive. Here, we examined gene expression changes induced by E5 proteins from high‐risk HPV‐16 and low‐risk HPV‐6b in multiple pools of primary human keratinocytes. Surprisingly, microarray analysis revealed that over 700 genes were significantly regulated by HPV‐6b E5, while only 25 genes were consistently and significantly regulated by HPV‐16 E5 in three biological replicates. However, we observed that more than thousand genes were altered in individual sample compared with vector. The gene expression profile induced by 16E5 in primary genital keratinocytes was very different from what has been previously published using immortalized HaCaT cells. Genes altered by HPV‐16 E5 were unaffected by HPV‐6b E5. Our data demonstrate that E5 proteins from the high‐ and low‐risk HPVs have different functions in the HPV‐host cell. Interestingly, conversion of two amino acids in HPV‐16 E5 to the low‐risk HPV‐6b sequence eliminated the induction of high‐risk related cellular genes.