bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to reducing preoperative testing for low-risk surgical procedures: A qualitative assessment guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework
Authors: Hall Amanda , Pike Andrea , Patey Andrea , Mortazhejri Sameh , Inwood Samantha , Ruzycki Shannon , Kirkham Kyle , Mahoney Krista , Grimshaw Jeremy 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
While numerous guidelines do not recommend preoperative tests for low risk patients undergoing low risk surgeries, they are often routinely performed. Canadian data suggests preoperative tests (e.g. ECGs and chest x-rays) preceded 17.9%-35.5% of low-risk procedures. Translating guidelines into clinical practice can be challenging and it is important to understand what is driving behaviour when developing interventions to change it.

Aim
Thus, we completed a theory-based investigation of the perceived barriers and enablers to reducing unnecessary preoperative tests for low-risk surgical procedures in Newfoundland, Canada.

Method
We used snowball sampling to recruit surgeons, anaesthesiologists, or preoperative clinic nurses. Interviews were conducted by two researchers using an interview guide with 31 questions based on the theoretical domains framework. Data was transcribed and coded into the 14 theoretical domains and then themes were identified for each domain.

Results
We interviewed 17 surgeons, anaesthesiologists, or preoperative clinic nurses with 1 to 34 years’ experience. Overall, while respondents agreed with the guidelines they described several factors, across seven relevant theoretical domains, that influence whether tests are ordered. The most common included uncertainty about who is responsible for test ordering, inability to access patient records or to consult/communicate with colleagues about ordering decisions and worry about surgery delays/cancellation if tests are not ordered. Other factors included workplace norms that conflicted with guidelines and concerns about missing something serious or litigation. In terms of enablers, respondents believed that clear institutional guidelines including who is responsible for test ordering and information about the risk of missing something serious, supported by improved communication between those involved in the ordering process and periodic evaluation will reduce any unnecessary preoperative testing.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that both health system and health provider factors need to be addressed in an intervention to reduce pre-operative testing.
Endoscopic and Surgical Management of Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome
Authors: Suarez Zoilo K. , Castaneda Daniel , Gonzalez Adalberto , Castro Fernando J. , Erim Tolga 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is a rare congenital sporadic disorder characterized by multiple venous malformations localized in the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and internal organs. Gastrointestinal lesions tend to lead to massive or occult bleeding and iron deficiency anemia. The treatment of symptomatic gastrointestinal venous malformations remains a challenge, especially in the setting of recurrent blood loss anemia. An endoscopic approach may be required for refractory cases. We present a case of a 20-year-old patient with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome with multiple lesions in the stomach, duodenal bulb, small bowel, sigmoid, and descending colon who underwent successful endoscopic mucosal resection, hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection, and surgical transmural resection of vascular lesions for recurrent bleeding.
Diurnal Fasting During Ramadan Leading to Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome
Authors: Ojemolon Pius Ehiremen , Maghari Ibrahim , Almoghrabi Anas 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a favorite of anatomists and clinicians because it results from extrinsic compression of the duodenum by the 2 vascular structures forming the aortomesenteric angle (the descending abdominal aorta and the SMA). Although it is an uncommon cause of upper gastrointestinal obstruction, SMA syndrome can cause significant morbidity. It is more common in younger people. Historically, it has been associated with weight loss and eating disorders, but there are several other risk factors that should be considered in the workup. Cases of SMA syndrome are typically managed conservatively, but surgical referral and intervention may be considered in situations that fail conservative management. We present a case of this rare syndrome in a young man with no medical or psychiatric history during diurnal voluntary fasting in the month of Ramadan.
Debatendo o conceito de reforma agrária: considerações sobre os tipos de assentamentos rurais no Brasil
Authors: Coca Estevan Leopoldo de Freitas 
Published: December 2022

Os assentamentos rurais são a principal manifestação das políticas de reforma agrária no
Brasil. Eles não são implantados somente para beneficiar os camponeses que querem
entrar na terra, mas também para os que lutam para nela permanecer. Nesse artigo
discutimos a atualidade do conceito de reforma agrária considerando os tipos de
assentamentos rurais. Demonstramos como a reforma agrária deve ser compreendida de
maneira abrangente, considerando os diferentes tipos de camponeses beneficiários e
seus territórios.
A apropriação do Cerrado pelo agronegócio e os novos usos do território
Authors: Matos Patricia Francisca de , Pessôa Vera Lúcia Salazar 
Published: December 2022

O espaço agrário das áreas de Cerrado, nos últimos quarenta anos, tem passado por inúmeras
metamorfoses, com significativos efeitos sobre suas funções e conteúdos. Essas mudanças estão
atreladas à modernização da agricultura, via agronegócio, a qual se constituiu num processo
desigual de expansão do capital. Por isso, este estudo visa analisar a territorialização do
agronegócio no Cerrado, procurando destacar o papel do Estado e do capital privado na
consolidação desse processo e, consequentemente, os novos usos do território..
Evaluation and mapping of rangelands degradation using Remotely Sensed Data
Authors: Ajorlo Majid 
Published: December 2022

The empirical and scientifically documents prove that misuse of natural resource causes
degradation in it. So natural resources conservation is important in approaching sustainable
development aims. In current study, Landsat Thematic Mapper images and grazing gradient
method have been used to map the extent and degree of rangeland degradation. In during
ground-based data measuring, factors such as vegetation cover, litter, plant diversity, bare soil,
and stone & gravels were estimated as biophysical indicators of degradation. The next stage,
after geometric correction and doing some necessary pre-processing practices on the study
area's images; the best and suitable vegetation index has been selected to map rangeland
degradation among the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted
Vegetation Index (SAVI), and Perpendicular Vegetation Index (PVI). Then using suitable
vegetation index and distance parameter was produced the rangelands degradation map. The
results of ground-based data analysis reveal that there is a significant relation between
increasing distance from critical points and plant diversity and also percentage of litter. Also
there is significant relation between vegetation cover percent and distance from village, i.e.
the vegetation cover percent increases by increasing distance from villages, while it wasn't the
same around the stock watering points. The result of analysis about bare soil and distance
from critical point was the same to vegetation cover changes manner. Also there wasn't
significant relation between stones & gravels index and distance from critical points. The
results of image processing show that, NDVI appears to be sensitive to vegetation changes
along the grazing gradient and it can be suitable vegetation index to map rangeland
degradation. The degradation map shows that there is high degradation around the critical
points. These areas need urgent attention for soil conservation. Generally, it shows that the
most parts of rangelands in studying area have been degraded. So conservation priorities on
degraded rangelands have been recognized based on current degradation.
Desertification in the northeast of Brazil: the natural resources use and the land degradation
Authors: Cavalcanti Edneida Rabêlo , Coutinho Solange Fernandes Soares 
Published: December 2022

The Agenda 21 and the United Nations Convention for Desertification Combat defines
desertification as the degradation of lands in arid regions, semi-arid and sub-wet dried,
resulting from various factors, among them the weather variations and the human activities.
This understanding, besides marking the geographical space to be taken into consideration,
undoes with the clearly climatic view of the question and proves that desertification has its
origin in complex interactions of physical factors, biologics, political, socials, cultural and
economics. However, it's necessary to recognize that there are generally more serious causes,
as the poverty, that leaves no alternative for the husbandmen only get from land the maximum
possible to supply the family's immediate necessity even affecting its subsistence for a long
time. In terms of world, semi-arid regions represent 1/3 of the planet's surface, where lives 1/5
of the population, more than 1 million people. Twenty-two per cent is the participation of
these areas in the production of foods. The Semi-arid of Brazil is registered as one of the
physiographic zones of the Northeast Region, representing about 57% of this territory. The
organization of the economical process, historically based on extensive cattle breeding and
agriculture, and on the existence of some products of larger importance in the market, like the
case of cotton was, always based on an agrarian structure dominated by land concentrations.
In the more diffused desertification process in the North-eastern semi-arid this pattern has
been constructed on alarming proportions, aggravated and reaffirmed by the occurrence of
periodic droughts and the peculiarities due to the systems of production that appear from this
process directly contrary to the correct manners of use of the natural resources, in option to,
where and how to develop the agricultural activities.
Can the district development model deliver development in South African local governments?
Authors: Nel Verna , Minnie Stephanus 
Published: December 2022

With the advent of democracy in South Africa, local government was targeted for transformation to be more representative of and responsive to local communities’ needs. Boundaries were extended such that all areas in the country fell within a municipality. In addition to providing essential services such as water and sanitation, municipalities must promote social and economic development. They must also prepare an Integrated Development Plan that informs the municipality’s activities, budget and should ensure focussed and coordinated delivery of services.
However, local government has been plagued with severe problems such as a lack of capacity and resources, poor governance and limited intergovernmental and intra-municipal coordination. President Ramaphosa (Current term 2018–2023) in his 2019 budget speech announced a District Development Model (DDM) intended to spatialise and coordinate government interventions and support municipalities in response to these issues. This paper describes the challenges facing local government and outlines the DDM concept and its rationale in the context of these challenges. We consider the potential of this model to improve the performance of local government, improve spatial governance and promote social and economic development. We conclude that the DDM may not be sucessful as it does not address the core problems of local government. A candid review of the current concept of local government, its powers, responsibilities, capacities and relationships is required.
Dark Academia: Curating Affective History in a COVID-Era Internet Aesthetic
Authors: Adriaansen Robbert-Jan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dark academia is an ‘internet aesthetic,’ an aesthetic style used in posts on platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and Tumblr that resonates the atmosphere of life in boarding schools, prep schools, and (Ivy League) colleges from the last decades of the nineteenth century up until the 1940s. It expresses a fascination with (neo-)gothic architecture; with tweed, lace, wool, and leather; with literature and art, and Romantic longing. Having been a main trend on social media platforms throughout the coronavirus pandemic, dark academia captures and facilitates cultural engagement in times of social isolation and closed college campuses. This article studies the dark academia aesthetic as a mnemonic curatorial practice with tendencies to counter hegemonic norms and narratives. Focusing on the affective dimensions of dark academia, this article argues that the aim of this internet aesthetic is to annul historical distance by capturing a mood and atmosphere associated with early twentieth-century campuses through the means of curated social media representations. This de-historicization allows for the renegotiation of values, like inscribing queerness – associated with secret queer romantics at gender-divided schools – into its representational language, without having to reassert historical gender binaries.
β-Elemene regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and inhibits invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Deng Heng , Chen Guo , Zhang Jun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To study the inhibitory effect of β-elemene on invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells and its possible mechanism.

Methods
Human colon cancer HCT116 cells were treated with different concentrations of β-elemene. The proliferation inhibition rate of the cells was detected by MTT assay, cell migration rate was detected by scratched assay, and cell invasion rate was evaluated by Transwell cell invasion assay. The expressions of Vimentin, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and β-catenin were detected by Western blotting. The mRNA expressions of Vimentin, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and β-catenin were detected by real-time PCR.

Results
Compared with the control group, the expressions of migration rate, invasion rate, scratch healing rate, N-cadherin, and Vimentin protein of HCT116 cells were decreased after β-elemene treatment, while the expression of E-cadherin protein was increased, and the inhibition rate of cell proliferation was increased (p<0.05).

Conclusions
β-Elemene may inhibit cell proliferation and invasion and metastasis by inhibiting EMT signaling pathway in human colon cancer cell line HCT116.
Stem-cell therapy in neonates – an option?
Authors: Wellmann Sven 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Within the fast-growing field of regenerative medicine stem-cell therapy is well established in various hematologic and immunologic diseases and has received a recent substantial boost from the introduction of gene editing and gene transfer technologies. In neonates, for example, regenerative medicine may benefit those with congenital or acquired disease due to prematurity or perinatal hypoxia-ischemia. We compare and contrast the two main approaches – autologous vs. allogeneic – and summarize the recent advances and applications of interventional stem-cell research in perinatally acquired disorders such as intraventricular hemorrhage, hypoxia-ischemia and stroke. After discussing stem-cell sources and routes of administration, we conclude by highlighting the key opportunities and obstacles in this exciting field.
Über Gefahren der Ausdruckslosigkeit und den schönen Schein
Authors: Ebert Helmut 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper argues for extending the methods of rhetorical and stylistic analysis. The aim is to explore the analytical power of epistemological semantics and psychohistorical fantasy-analysis according to the classical categories logos, ethos, and pathos. This approach is applied to the acceptance speech of German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier, reelected for a second term in February 2022.
Visuelle Rhetorik zwischen Theorie und Praxis
Authors: Kirjuchina Viktoria , Grundnigg Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Rhetoric is based on the observation of successful persuasion with words. In the 1960 s, structuralists put new hope into the art of persuasion’s body of knowledge to unveil the mechanisms of mass communication. Rhetoric should become a cultural model for visual literacy. A brief inventory of applied visual rhetoric in higher education (Germany, Switzerland, Austria) reveals the gap between academic fidelity and design practice that – to date – weakens the potential of what was envisioned 70 years ago: a fruitful integration of theory and practice to equip producers and consumers of visual artefacts with the frameworks and vocabularies needed to navigate increasingly ambiguous and complex media. Applied rhetoric not only increases the actionable space and responsible use of the persuasive power of visual communication, but also facilitates connectivity across disciplines. An example demonstrates how rhetoric can be implemented in design education by putting applicability and added value in the center.
Prosodic structure revisited: the need to disentangle rhythm from intonation
Authors: Delais-Roussarie Elisabeth 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt is well established that speech flow is segmented into prosodic chunks which are crucial for accurately interpreting utterances. Since the eighties, several proposals have been formulated, mostly withinProsodic Structure Theoryand theAutosegmental Metrical Model, to account for how prosodic chunks are derived and organised. These theoretical frameworks usually consider prosodic units as phonological primitives and domains within which segmental and suprasegmental phenomena are analysed. Due to the variability observed in the chunking obtained, which partly results from the various criteria used to derive these prosodic units, their exact nature and status can be questioned. In this contribution, it will be argued that prosodic structure and the chunks observed are best analysed as resulting from two types of structure-creating mechanisms, intonation and its relation to meaning on the one hand, and rhythm and its manifestations in languages on the other. This proposal is based on an analysis of French, a language with a strong syncretism between accentuation, metrical patterns and intonation.
Herz-loser Pinocchio: Carlo Collodi und die Fiktionalisierung des italienischen nation building
Authors: Ubbidiente Roberto 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Starting from the most varied interpretations to which Collodi’s masterpiece has been subjected, the present study proposes a reading from a socio-political point of view that, compared with De Amicis’ Cuore, highlights the opposite opinion of the two authors regarding the possibility (and the will) of the Italian people to realize the foundation of a nation following the unification of their country. At the end of the study, a working hypothesis is presented as a reading of Pinocchio as “Pinocchieide” and proposed as a parody (and overturning) of the Virgilian poem as the founding of the natio romana.
„Faux comme un diamant du Canada“
Authors: Demeulenaere Alex 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The European travel narratives that follow the discovery of the New World have already been extensively studied, from historical, anthropological and literary perspectives. However, we would like to reread them from the perspective of the tension between a “marvellous possession” (Greenblatt 1991) and a more profound failure. The early travelogues show a complex discursive architecture with a textual subject facing an absolute Other, seeking to establish on the one hand an analogy based on a reassuring fictional intertextual horizon and on the other an exaggeration of otherness, symbolised by anthropophagy and monstrosity. If, as Todorov (1982) thinks, such an architecture was indispensable to the enterprise of conquest, it is nevertheless at the root of a triple failure. If the undeniable intercultural failure has already been widely studied, we will develop two others: the failure of the genre of the travelogue from the Middle Ages as an interpretative matrix, and, more profoundly, the failure of a Western knowledge paradigm, which will be shown in an exemplary way by the criticisms of las Casas and Montaigne.
Narration der Resilienz – Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vacas Naufragios (1542/1749)
Authors: Temelli Yasmin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article examines the extent to which Cabeza de Vaca’s Naufragios display a specific textuality which can be described as a narration of resilience. The focus is on how Cabeza de Vaca portrays himself and his environment in retrospective, which events (for example, anthropophagy among Spaniards) he selects for his (micro‑)narrative(s), how he frames them and to what extent literary means are used. Of specific interest are possible models of affect and questions about the constitution of space and time. It will be shown that Cabeza de Vaca exhibits a manifest potential for adaptation, acting in the face of highly aversive living conditions. In the face of permanent threats, Cabeza de Vaca builds up the capacity for change – his relación is characterised by a high degree of resilience.
Deconstructivism, postmodernism and their offspring: disorders of our time
Authors: Edwards John 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Our interest should always be aroused when scholars reject the testable approaches that have underwritten scientific development since the seventeenth century. Academic excursions in the arts and humanities need not adhere to scientific benchmarks, of course, and discussions relevant to science that are presented there need not always be subject to rigorous examination. When investigations move into social-science territory, however, more focused attention is called for. Since the scholars discussed in this paper clearly think of themselves as social scientists, it is quite legitimate to subject their investigations to scientific scrutiny and logical analysis. This article briefly describes contemporary investigations and research paradigms characterized by unnecessary neologisms, flatulent jargon, fuzzy thinking, and unconvincing arguments about the discovery of new territory in well-ploughed ground.
The macrosociolinguistics of language contact
Authors: Sippola Eeva 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This contribution provides an overview of macrosociolinguistic approaches to the study of language contact, with a focus on contact languages. It addresses the current state of the art and future of the field. It also reflects on the global inequalities of power in the study of contact languages and the ways in which research on contact languages can serve as a model for North-South cooperation. Studies on contact languages and their histories of formation show how power and prestige are tightly connected to demographic factors and the political, economic, and ideological frameworks that mold language structures. They also inform us about the mechanisms that seemingly exert an influence on the correlations between structural and extra-linguistic factors. New areas of comparative inquiry with large datasets, new methods and varied contexts continue to diversify and further our understanding of the macrosociolinguistics of contact. These advances require a dialogue with other focus areas of sociolinguistics and a critical, self-reflective approach to the epistemological basis of the field.