bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the United Arab Emirates; comparison of six diagnostic criteria: The Mutaba’ah Study
Authors: Bashir Maryam M. , Ahmed Luai A. , Elbarazi Iffat , Loney Tom , Al-Rifai Rami H. , Alkaabi Juma M. , Al-Maskari Fatma 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundFor more than half a century, there has been much research and controversies on how to accurately screen for and diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). There is a paucity of updated research among the Emirati population in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The lack of a uniform GDM diagnostic criteria results in the inability to accurately combine or compare the disease burden worldwide and locally. This study aimed to compare the incidence of GDM in the Emirati population using six diagnostic criteria for GDM.MethodsThe Mutaba’ah study is the largest multi-center mother and child cohort study in the UAE with an 18-year follow-up. We included singleton pregnancies from the Mutaba’ah cohort screened with the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24–32 weeks from May 2017 to March 2021. We excluded patients with known diabetes and with newly diagnosed diabetes. GDM cumulative incidence was determined using the six specified criteria. GDM risk factors were compared using chi-square and t-tests. Agreements among the six criteria were assessed using kappa statistics.ResultsA total of 2,546 women were included with a mean age of 30.5 ± 6.0 years. Mean gravidity was 3.5 ± 2.1, and mean body mass index (BMI) at booking was 27.7 ± 5.6 kg/m2. GDM incidence as diagnosed by any of the six criteria collectively was 27.1%. It ranged from 8.4% according to the EASD 1996 criteria to 21.5% according to the NICE 2015 criteria. The two most inclusive criteria were the NICE 2015 and the IADPSG criteria with GDM incidence rates of 21.5% (95% CI: 19.9, 23.1) and 21.3% (95% CI: 19.8, 23.0), respectively. Agreement between the two criteria was moderate (k = 0.66; p &lt; 0.001). The least inclusive was the EASD 1996 criteria [8.4% (95% CI: 7.3, 9.6)]. The locally recommended IADPSG/WHO 2013 criteria had weak to moderate agreement with the other criteria, with Cohen’s kappa coefficient ranging from (k = 0.51; p &lt; 0.001) to (k = 0.71; p &lt; 0.001). Most of the GDM risk factors assessed were significantly higher among those with GDM (p &lt; 0.005) identified by all criteria.ConclusionsThe findings indicate discrepancies among the diagnostic criteria in identifying GDM cases. This emphasizes the need to unify GDM diagnostic criteria in this population to provide accurate and reliable incidence estimates for healthcare planning, especially because the agreement with the recommended criteria was not optimal.
A novel risk model based on white blood cell-related biomarkers for acute kidney injury prediction in patients with ischemic stroke admitted to the intensive care unit
Authors: Liu Shengyuan , Li Min , Yang Yuxing , Chen Yiguo , Wang Wei , Zheng Xiaoyu 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundConventional systemic inflammatory biomarkers could predict prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with IS admitted to ICU, but few studies have used systemic inflammatory biomarkers to predict AKI in critically ill patients with IS. This study aimed to establish a risk model based on white blood cell (WBC)-related biomarkers to predict AKI in critically ill patients with IS.MethodsData were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) for a training cohort, and data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) for a validation cohort. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the significant predictors of WBC-related biomarkers on AKI prediction, and a risk model was established based on those significant indicators in multivariate logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was utilized to obtain the best cut-off value of the risk model. The Kaplan–Meier curve was used to evaluate the prognosis-predictive ability of the risk model.ResultsThe overall incidence of AKI was 28.4% in the training cohort and 33.2% in the validation cohort. WBC to lymphocyte ratio (WLR), WBC to basophils ratio (WBR), WBC to hemoglobin ratio (WHR), and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could independently predict AKI, and a novel risk model was established based on WLR, WBR, WHR, and NLR. This risk model depicted good prediction performance both in AKI and other clinical outcomes including hemorrhage, persistent AKI, AKI progression, ICU mortality, and in-hospital mortality both in the training set and in the validation set.ConclusionA risk model based on WBC-related indicators exhibited good AKI prediction performance in critically ill patients with IS which could provide a risk stratification tool for clinicians in the ICU.
High-resolution surface electromyographic activities of facial muscles during mimic movements in healthy adults: A prospective observational study
Authors: Mueller Nadiya , Trentzsch Vanessa , Grassme Roland , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando , Volk Gerd Fabian , Anders Christoph 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesSurface electromyography (sEMG) is a standard tool in clinical routine and clinical or psychosocial experiments also including speech research and orthodontics to measure the activity of selected facial muscles to objectify facial movements during specific facial exercises or experiments with emotional expressions. Such muscle-specific approaches neglect that facial muscles act more as an interconnected network than as single facial muscles for specific movements. What is missing is an optimal sEMG setting allowing a synchronous measurement of the activity of all facial muscles as a whole.MethodsA total of 36 healthy adult participants (53% women, 18–67 years) were included. Electromyograms were recorded from both sides of the face using an arrangement of electrodes oriented by the underlying topography of the facial muscles (Fridlund scheme) and simultaneously by a geometric and symmetrical arrangement on the face (Kuramoto scheme). The participants performed a standard set of different facial movement tasks. Linear mixed-effects models and adjustment for multiple comparisons were used to evaluate differences between the facial movement tasks, separately for both applied schemes. Data analysis utilized sEMG amplitudes and also their maximum-normalized values to account for amplitude differences between the different facial movements.ResultsSurface electromyography activation characteristics showed systematic regional distribution patterns of facial muscle activation for both schemes with very low interindividual variability. The statistical significance to discriminate between the different sEMG patterns was good for both schemes (significant comparisons for sEMG amplitudes: 87.3%, both schemes, normalized values: 90.9%, Fridlund scheme, 94.5% Kuramoto scheme), but the Kuramoto scheme performed considerably superior.ConclusionFacial movement tasks evoke specific patterns in the complex network of facial muscles rather than activating single muscles. A geometric and symmetrical sEMG recording from the entire face seems to allow more specific detection of facial muscle activity patterns during facial movement tasks. Such sEMG patterns should be explored in more clinical and psychological experiments in the future.
Intra- and peri-tumoral radiomics for predicting the sentinel lymph node metastasis in breast cancer based on preoperative mammography and MRI
Authors: Cheng Yuan , Xu Shu , Wang Haotian , Wang Xiaoyu , Niu Shuxian , Luo Yahong , Zhao Nannan 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThis study aims to investigate values of intra- and peri-tumoral regions in the mammography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image for prediction of sentinel lymph node metastasis (SLNM) in invasive breast cancer (BC).MethodsThis study included 208 patients with invasive BC between Spe. 2017 and Apr. 2021. All patients underwent preoperative digital mammography (DM), digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) scans. Radiomics features were extracted from manually outlined intratumoral regions, and automatically dilated peritumoral tumor regions in each modality. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to select key features from each region to develop radiomics signatures (RSs). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated to evaluate performance of the RSs.ResultsIntra- and peri-tumoral regions of BC can provide complementary information on the SLN status. In each modality, the Com-RSs derived from combined intra- and peri-tumoral regions always yielded higher AUCs than the Intra-RSs or Peri-RSs. A total of 10 and 11 features were identified as the most important predictors from mammography (DM plus DBT) and MRI (DCE-MRI plus DWI), respectively. The DCE-MRI plus DWI generated higher AUCs compared with DM plus DBT in the training (AUCs, DCE-MRI plus DWI vs. DM plus DBT, 0.897 vs. 0.846) and validation (AUCs, DCE-MRI plus DWI vs. DM plus DBT, 0.826 vs. 0.786) cohort.ConclusionsRadiomics features from intra- and peri-tumoral regions can provide complementary information to identify the SLNM in both mammography and MRI. The DCE-MRI plus DWI generated lower specificity, but higher AUC, accuracy, sensitivity and negative predictive value compared with DM plus DBT.
Macro-economic determinants, maternal and infant SDG targets in Nigeria: Correlation and predictive modeling
Authors: Adegoke Yetunde Oluranti , Mbonigaba Josue , George Gavin 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesUnambiguously, Nigeria is off-track in achieving the health-related SDGs. Consequentially, this study aligns with SDG 3 which calls for “good health and wellbeing for people by ensuring healthy lives and promoting wellbeing for all at all ages”. This article examines the combined effect of health expenditure and other key macro-economic factors on health indices such as maternal and newborn and child mortality in Nigeria. Contrary to existing literature, we formulated a model that predicts the level of macro-economic determinants needed to achieve the SDG targets for maternal and newborn and child mortality in Nigeria by 2030.MethodologyThe study used Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), which is usually used for large T models. The study period spans from 1995 to 2020.ResultsWe found a significant negative relationship between health outcomes and macro-economic determinants namely, household consumption, total health expenditure, and gross fixed capital while we determined a significant positive relationship between health outcomes and unemployment. Our findings are further supported by out-of-sample forecast results suggesting a reduction in unemployment to 1.84 percent and an increase in health expenditure, gross fixed capital, household consumption, control of corruption to 1,818.87 billon (naira), 94.46 billion (naira), 3.2 percent, and −4.2 percent respectively to achieve SDG health targets in Nigeria by 2030.Policy implicationThe outcome of this result will give the Nigerian government and stakeholders a deeper understanding of the workings of the macro-economic factors, concerning health performance and will help position Nigeria, and other SSA countries by extension, toward reducing maternal mortality to 70 per 100,000 and newborn and child mortality to 25 per 1,000 births by 2030. The African leaders should consider passing into law the need for improvement in macro-economic factors for better health in Africa. We also recommend that the Nigerian government should steadily increase health expenditure to reach and move beyond the forecast level for improvement in maternal and infant mortality, given the present low and unimpressive funding for the health sector in the country.
Plasmid-Coded Linezolid Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Food and Livestock in Germany
Authors: Lienen Tobias , Grobbel Mirjam , Tenhagen Bernd-Alois , Maurischat Sven 
Published: December 2022

Resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from food and livestock to last resort antibiotics such as linezolid is highly concerning, since treatment options for infections in humans might be diminished. Known mechanisms of linezolid resistance include point mutations in the 23S rRNA gene and in the ribosomal proteins L3, L4 and L22 as well as an acquisition of the cfr, optrA or poxtA gene. The objective of our study was to characterize antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants and phylogenetic relationships among linezolid-resistant (LR-) MRSA from food and livestock. In total, from more than 4000 incoming isolates in the years 2012 to 2021, only two strains from 2015 originating from pig samples exhibited linezolid resistance in the antimicrobial susceptibility testing with MICs of ≥8 mg/L. These LR-MRSA were characterized in detail by whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses using cgMLST. The LR-MRSA strains showed resistances to ten and eight different antibiotics, respectively. Both strains harbored plasmid-coded cfr genes mediating the linezolid resistance. The cfr genes showed identical sequences in both strains. In addition to the cfr gene, genes for phenicol and clindamycin resistance were detected on the respective plasmids, opening the possibility for a co-selection. The LR-MRSA differed distantly in the phylogenetic analyses and also to other MRSA from pig samples in the year 2015. In conclusion, the occurrence of LR-MRSA in food and livestock seems to be very rare in Germany. However, carriage of plasmids with linezolid resistance determinants could lead to further linezolid-resistant strains by horizontal gene transfer.
Heterologous Expression Reveals Ancient Properties of Tei3—A VanS Ortholog from the Teicoplanin Producer Actinoplanes teichomyceticus
Authors: Yushchuk Oleksandr , Zhukrovska Kseniia , Ostash Bohdan , Fedorenko Victor , Marinelli Flavia 
Published: December 2022

Glycopeptide antibiotics (GPAs) are among the most clinically successful antimicrobials. GPAs inhibit cell-wall biosynthesis in Gram-positive bacteria via binding to lipid II. Natural GPAs are produced by various actinobacteria. Being themselves Gram-positives, the GPA producers evolved sophisticated mechanisms of self-resistance to avoid suicide during antibiotic production. These self-resistance genes are considered the primary source of GPA resistance genes actually spreading among pathogenic enterococci and staphylococci. The GPA-resistance mechanism in Actinoplanes teichomyceticus—the producer of the last-resort-drug teicoplanin—has been intensively studied in recent years, posing relevant questions about the role of Tei3 sensor histidine kinase. In the current work, the molecular properties of Tei3 were investigated. The setup of a GPA-responsive assay system in the model Streptomyces coelicolor allowed us to demonstrate that Tei3 functions as a non-inducible kinase, conferring high levels of GPA resistance in A. teichomyceticus. The expression of different truncated versions of tei3 in S. coelicolor indicated that both the transmembrane helices of Tei3 are crucial for proper functioning. Finally, a hybrid gene was constructed, coding for a chimera protein combining the Tei3 sensor domain with the kinase domain of VanS, with the latter being the inducible Tei3 ortholog from S. coelicolor. Surprisingly, such a chimera did not respond to teicoplanin, but indeed to the related GPA A40926. Coupling these experimental results with a further in silico analysis, a novel scenario on GPA-resistance and biosynthetic genes co-evolution in A. teichomyceticus was hereby proposed.
Effective Resistance to Four Fungal Foliar Diseases in Samples of Wild Triticum L. Species from the VIR (N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources) Collection: View from Vavilov’s Concepts of Plant Immunity
Authors: Tyryshkin Lev G. , Lysenko Natalia S. , Kolesova Maria A. 
Published: December 2022

To identify new sources of effective resistance to four foliar diseases of wheat, 173 accessions of four wheat species, Triticum boeoticum, T. urartu, T. araraticum, and T. dicoccoides, from the VIR collection were tested at the juvenile and adult growth stages for resistance to leaf rust (Pt = Puccinia triticina), powdery mildew (Bgt = Blumeria graminis tritici), Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB), and dark-brown leaf spot blotch (HLB = Helminthospjrium leaf blotch). The accessions included new additions to the collection, some old samples that had never been tested before, as well as earlier tested samples noted for high levels of juvenile resistance to some fungal diseases. Natural populations of Puccinia triticina and Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, mixture of Parastagonospora nodorum and Bipolaris sorokiniana isolates were used to inoculate and to evaluate resistance to Pt, Bgt, SNB, and HLB, respectively. Two samples of T. boeoticum, three of T. urartu, and one of T. araraticum were resistant to leaf rust at both tested stages. Further tests (phytopathological and molecular analyses) excluded Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr41, or Lr47 as single genes controlling resistance; hence, these accessions likely carry new effective leaf rust resistance genes. High level of Bgt resistance was identified in three entries of T. boeoticum, one of T. araraticum, and eleven of T. dicoccoides. All tested accessions were susceptible to HLB and SNB at both tested stages. Accessions identified as resistant are valuable plant material for introgressive hybridization in bread and durum wheat breeding. The results are discussed in the context of N.I. Vavilov’s concept of crop origin and diversity, and the laws of plant natural immunity to infectious diseases.
A ROLE OF MUSICAL-ESTHETIC EDUCATION IS IN DEVELOPMENT OF LEADER POTENTIAL OF SOCIETY
Authors: HNATIV Z. 
Published: December 2022

In the article the necessity of forming of high cultural and educational environment of the Ukrainian state is considered for leader potential of europe’s countries. One of the effective instruments of improvement of education is leadership. Underline, that an art plays an unique role this direction, the question of integration of the home system of musical education is exposed in European cultural space. The aims of artistic education, her maintenance, models of studies, are reflected. It is marked that the initiative cultural personality all-round developed, with active vital position is highly sought in modern society and directs to positive sociocultural transformations.Music education is seen as a system of theoretical, methodological and axiological doctrines that establish the relationship of art, pedagogy, philosophy, culture and defining social role and importance of music in existence through the prism of community interests and needs.Expectations and requirements, with which education as system of forming of personality of modern successful citizen meets today, are outlined in the article.
PRACTICAL ASPECTS METHOD OF FORMING READINESS OF FUTURE BIOLOGY TEACHER TO IMPLEMENT HEALTH-SAVING TECHNOLOGY IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
Authors: DYACHENKO-BOHUN M. 
Published: December 2022

Some results of pedagogical experiment, which was conducted with future biology teachers within the educational process natural faculties of pedagogical high schools opened in article. The need for modern education in the development and substantiation of theoretical and methodological foundations health-saving activity determines the relevance of the investigated problem and requires a deep rethinking of the nature and the semantic content of educational opportunities for the implementation of health-saving technology. The purpose of the article was to examine some aspects of practical methods of formation readiness of future biology teacher to implement health-saving technology in professional activity based on the implementation of the educational process natural faculties of pedagogical higher education technology using active and interactive forms and methods of forming health-saving knowledge, information technologies and organization health-saving projects.The experiment was intended for the formation readiness of future biology teacher to implement health-saving technology in professional activity and based on the implementation in the educational process complex health-saving technologies. Health-saving context of the educational process is realized through the application of using the technology of active and interactive forms and methods of forming health-saving knowledge and based on practice and effective communication between the subjects of the educational process. Technology of organization health-saving projects in the formation readiness of future biology teacher to implement health-saving technology in professional activity allowed to raise the level of positive motivation to increased health-saving activity and self-education. Information and health technologies allows you to organize the learning process based on modern information media and educational technology.Results of pedagogical experiment indicate positive indicators of readiness of future biology teacher to implement health-saving technology in professional activity among students of experimental groups, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed experimental innovations.
MODERN TELEVISION IN SYSTEM OF PARENTAL EDUCATION
Authors: ZAPOROZHETS O. 
Published: December 2022

The article discusses the use of television in the system of educating parents at the present stage of its development. This stage began in 1991 with Ukraine gaining independence. It is characterized by a sharp decrease in the state's participation in the process of forming a broadcasting grid with the simultaneously growing commercialization of the media. The analysis of publications on researched topic made it possible to establish that researchers primarily pay attention to the study of parents' education at the stage of the formation and development of television (the second half of the 20th century), without accentuating it in the modern period. The aim of the article is to establish the role of television in the system of forming parental awareness at the present stage of development of parents' education by the mass media with the subsequent identification of ways to improve the quality of such activities. As a result of the analysis of the modern television content of the enlightenment direction, three main groups were identified according to the format of the presentation of educational material: cognitive-entertaining television programs, entertainment reality shows fnd television talk-show. The analysis of the themes of the most popular TV shows for parents made it possible to establish that at the present stage of television development, educational activities among parents are carried out mainly in an entertaining manner, appealing to feelings and instincts, in accordance with the rapid pace of modern life. The article suggests recommendations on increasing the efficiency of production of such activities.