bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overview of Biologic Agents Used in Skin and Soft Tissue Reconstruction
Authors: Parham Matthew J. , Grush Andrew E. , Smerica Abel , Wen Y. Edward , Depani Monal , Ferry Andrew M. , Jones Lloyd M. , Thornton James F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWound healing is a highly complex process mediated by cellular interactions at the microscopic level. Increased understanding of wound healing physiology has served as the foundation for translational research to develop biologic wound care technologies that have profoundly affected patient care. As the reader will see throughout this series in Seminars in Plastic Surgery, biologic wound technologies have broad applications and have greatly impacted the reconstructive ladder. Despite their frequent use, many surgeons lack familiarity with the myriad of products available on the market along with each product's relative advantages and shortcomings. This overview will discuss the classification of biologic wound agents used to reconstruct defects of the skin and soft tissue along with the advantages and disadvantages associated with their use.
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Aamodt Anne Hege , Skattør Thor Håkon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare form of stroke that often affects younger age groups, especially reproductive age group females. CVT is a potentially fatal neurological condition that can be frequently overlooked due to the vague nature of its clinical and radiological presentation. Headache is the most common presenting symptom. However, a wide range of symptoms can be present and the symptom onset can be acute, subacute, or chronic. Neuroimaging is mandatory in cases where CVT is suspected. Both magnetic resonance venography and computed tomography venography can confirm a diagnosis of CVT. Anticoagulation with low-molecular-weight heparin is the mainstay of treatment. Intracranial hemorrhage is not considered a contraindication to the use of anticoagulants in CVT. Endovascular intervention is still controversial but can be a treatment option for patients with neurological deterioration or thrombus progression, despite the use of anticoagulation or with development of new or worsening intracerebral hemorrhage. Patients with CVT have an increased risk of recurrence of CVT and other types of venous thromboembolism. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of CVT in adults. Commentary about increased presentation of CVT in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), or after immunization against COVID-19, is also provided.
Risk assessment of using phosphate and calcium fertilisers for continuously flooded rice cultivation in a soil co-contaminated with cadmium and antimony
Authors: Shi ShengJie , Wu QianHua , Zhu YanMing , Fan ZhiLian , Rensing Christopher , Liu Hong , Feng RenWei 
Published: February 2022

Antimony (Sb) pollution is causing serious concerns in some regions globally, such as around the XiKuangShan mine in China, which is the largest Sb mine in the world. However, remediation measures are scarce. In this study, we assessed the effects of two fertilisers, sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4 at 200, 500 and 2000 mg kg−1) and calcium chloride (CaCl2 at 20, 80 and 200 mg kg−1), on uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L.) of Sb, cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) from contaminated soil under flooded conditions. Despite a very low soil As concentration (10.89 mg kg−1), the results showed that flooded conditions will result in excess accumulation of As in rice grains. NaH2PO4 generally enhanced the release of As and Sb by increasing pH and competitive adsorption in the soil, which resulted in their accumulation in many tissues of the rice plants. NaH2PO4 (200 mg kg−1) significantly reduced soil available Cd concentration by increasing soil pH, which resulted in a decrease in Cd concentration in the roots and husks. CaCl2 at 200 mg kg−1 decreased soil pH, and CaCl2 treatments increased the available Sb concentration, although not as much as NaH2PO4. Both NaH2PO4 and CaCl2 enhanced the formation of root iron plaques, and in many cases increased the concentrations of As, Cd and Sb in the root plaques, suggesting a storage role rather than a barrier of root iron plaques for plant uptake of As, Cd and Sb. CaCl2 at 200 mg kg−1 was the most effective treatment for reducing As, Sb and Cd concentrations in rice grains. We conclude that utilisation of fertilisers containing P on a soil co-contaminated by Sb and Cd poses a risk of Sb and As accumulation under continuous flooded conditions, whereas addition of CaCl2 at 200 mg kg−1 may control As, Sb and Cd accumulation in grains of rice plants under these conditions.
Selenium bioconcentration in Canadian oat (Avena sativa) from soils treated with nanoscale elemental selenium
Authors: Zeinali Sahar , Yoon Kyong Sup , Esselman Elizabeth , Lin Zhi-Qing 
Published: February 2022

Development of selenium (Se)-enriched agricultural products can increase human daily dietary Se intake in Se-deficient areas. Canadian oat (Avena sativa L. cv. Saddle) is one of the common cereal grains in the world. Previous studies have shown that Se accumulation in oat can be significantly affected by soil Se, but few have dealt with different chemical forms of Se, including emerging nanoscale elemental Se particles (SeNPs). Because SeNPs have unique chemical and physical properties in comparing with bulk elemental Se, this laboratory study determined the effects of soil SeNP treatments of 0, 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg on Se bioconcentration in oat grain, compared with bulk elemental Se or selenate (Na2SeO4). The results showed that the soil SeNP treatments significantly increased Se concentrations in oat grain with an increase in the treatment level from 1 to 10 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The distribution of Se accumulated in oat tissues followed a descending order of root and grain > husk > stem and leaf. While the grain yield was reduced with the higher soil selenate treatments of 5–10 mg/kg, the soil SeNP treatment of 1–10 mg/kg significantly enhanced the oat grain yield, compared with the control. Concentrations of Se in oat grains in the soil SeNP treatments were approximately 7–20-fold higher than were the concentrations of those in the soil bulk elemental Se treatments, but were about 7–26% of the concentrations in oat grains in the soil selenate treatments. This study demonstrated that nanoscale elemental Se particles could be used for development of soil Se-amended fertilisers for Se-biofortified oat.
Effects of environments and cultivars on grain ionome of spring wheat grown in Kazakhstan and Russia
Authors: Morgounov Alexey , Savin Timur , Flis Paulina , Babkenov Adylkhan , Chudinov Vladimir , Kazak Anastasiya , Koksel Hamit , Likhenko Ivan , Sharma Ram , Shelaeva Tatyana , Shepelev Sergey , Shreyder Ekaterina , Shamanin Vladimir 
Published: February 2022

Kazakhstan–Siberian Network on Spring Wheat Improvement unites 18 spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) research and breeding programs and presents opportunities to study genotype × environment interactions. Trial data from six locations in Kazakhstan and Russia in 2017–18 were used for grain ionomics analysis to evaluate the relative contributions of environment and genotype to variation in elemental composition and to formulate a methodology to enhance concentrations of important minerals in grain. The effect of year was least important to variation. For several elements (P, S, Cu, Mn and Mo), the effect of site was 2–3 times higher than the effect of genotype. The effects of genotype and site were similar for Ca, Mg, Fe, Cd and Sr concentration. Average broad-sense heritability across six sites in both years was: (for macroelements) Mg 0.59 > Ca 0.50 > K 0.44 > P 0.30 > S 0.20; and (for microelements) Zn 0.44 > Mn 0.41 > Cu 0.40 > Fe 0.38. Biplot analysis grouped the traits into five clusters: (1) concentrations of Co, Cu, Mo and Sr; (2) concentrations of Mg, P and Zn; (3) concentrations of K and Ni; (4) protein content, concentrations of Cd, Fe, Mn and S; and (5) grain yield, concentrations of Ca and Rb. These associations reflect regional soil and environment variation independent of genotype. Protein content had positive and significant genotypic correlations with Mg (0.57), P (0.60), S (0.68), Fe (0.64), Cu (0.50), Mn (0.50) and Zn (0.53). A combination of high grain yield, relatively high protein content, and high concentrations of P, S, Mn, Cu and Zn (singly or combined) was identified in the genotypes Element-22 (check cultivar), Lutescens-3-04-21-11, and Silach. The study contributes to research and cultivar development to improve the nutritional profile of grain for consumers.
Trafficking-defective mutant PROKR2 cycles between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi to attenuate endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Song Yong Bhum , Park Seung-Yeol , Park Kunyou , Hwang Hayoung , Carroll Rona S. , Hsu Victor W. , Kaiser Ursula B. 
Published: February 2022

Significance
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) possesses a quality control system that prevents misfolded proteins from leaving the ER for routing to the ER-associated degradation pathway. Some misfolded proteins can escape the ER to reach the Golgi, where they are then retrieved from the Golgi back to the ER for degradation, but why this occurs needs to be clarified. Studying a mutant prokineticin receptor 2 identified in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism as a model, we find that the post-ER retrieval system provides another layer of quality control and also lowers the load of misfolded proteins in the ER to reduce ER stress. Our findings reveal the importance of a post-ER quality control mechanism in contributing to cellular homeostasis.
A deletion account of referential null objects in Basque Spanish
Authors: Vázquez-Lozares Almike 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
I propose a deletion analysis for null D(irect) O(bject)s in the Spanish of the Basque Country, based on a D(efiniteness)-feature on DO clitics and on Basque-Spanish v. When the DO clitic has a D-feature, as is the case with lo(s)/la(s), its features form a proper subset of the features of v, and deletion of the clitic ensues in terms of a chain reduction à la Nunes (2004), as proposed in Roberts (2010). Importantly, DOs with human antecedents are not deleted because they undergo leísmo. I argue that le does not have a D-feature and, therefore, its features are not a proper subset of the features of v, thus precluding deletion.
Code-mixing and semantico-pragmatic resources in francophone Maine
Authors: Vogh Kendall 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This chapter reports some results of an exploratory corpus study (Vogh 2018) investigating whether bilingual speakers might use code-mixing to leverage the contextualized meanings (i.e., meanings-in-use) of specific lexical resources that happen to be ‘in the other code’. A total of 206 code-mixed tokens of yeah, yes, ouais, and oui from nine videotaped oral history interviews of Franco-Americans in Maine are considered. Drawing on sociolinguistic, qualitative semantic, and discourse-analytic approaches, I find that the speakers studied do prefer different meanings-in-use for resources from their different languages, suggesting that “what speakers wish to say” (Backus 2001: 150) is indeed a relevant factor in code-mixing and in how bilingual speakers experience their bilingualism.
Ströntistel es min Bloom
Authors: Böhmer Franziska 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Jens Mungard’s poem Min Bloom is often thought to be the author’s statement that he – by comparing himself with a sea holly – saw himself as an outsider in the community. Some of Mungard’s letters show that he wished to use the “sea holly” as a pseudonym. As one of these letters contains the poem Min Bloom, it is in this case possible that there is a connection between the author and the lyrical speaker. This poem does, however, slightly differ in its original form from the one which is best known today. One changed word modifies the statement of an individual who is excluded from the community. There are three other poems in which Mungard wrote about the sea holly. A comparison of the four poems shows that the lyrical speaker compares and identifies himself with this plant. The sea holly becomes a link between history and the present, it is deep-rooted and can brave outside influences. The lyrical speaker gains strength and comfort from this identification.
Eine strukturelle Untersuchung der „Erzählungen des alten Besenbinders Jens Drefsen“ von Christian Johansen
Authors: Böhmer Mareike 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The “Erzählungen des alten Besenbinders Jens Drefsen” by Christian Johansen is a complex framework story. The short stories found in it are contained in two frames at different time levels. There are similarities between this story and the “Friesische Sagen und Erzählungen” by Christian Peter Hansen. He also wrote a story with a double frame, and dealt with sagas. Johansen used a few sagas which Hansen had already sent to Karl Müllenhoff, the collector of sagas. It is striking that the German version is freely translated and therefore seems to be an independent story. This fits Johansen’s intention that the story is an example for words and phrases in the Frisian language. Thus, the translation is first of all for a general understanding.
Die niederdeutschen Wenkerübersetzungen aus dem Saterland
Authors: Bosse Temmo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
There exist in total nine so-called “Wenker questionnaires” from the Saterland, the last linguistic enclave of the East Frisian language, which originate from Georg Wenker’s large dialect survey in the 19th century. Five of these questionnaires contain Frisian linguistic material. The other four document the Low German spoken in the Saterland. This language was above all important for the Sater Frisians as a means of communication with the surrounding areas. A recent study maintains that the Low German spoken by the Sater Frisians exhibits no interference from Frisian. However, in two of the four Low German questionnaires from the Saterland shown here, Frisian elements are clearly recognisable. In this article, the Wenker questionnaires are presented and placed in their historical context.
Zu Semantik und Grammatik des Verbs füünj/fu ‘bekommen’ im Nordfriesischen
Authors: Fleischer Jürg 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Hoekstra (2018) shows that the North Frisian verb füünj/fu ‘to get’ is used more broadly than its basic meaning suggests. For example, it is also used as a positional verb ‘to put’. In other uses, füünj/fu is best analyzed as a copula or auxiliary. Currently, little is known about possible dialect differences. This question is interesting since contact to Danish is usually considered responsible for the North Frisian semantic expansion of füünj/fu. This article investigates potential dialect differences based on parallel text analyses, i.e. comparisons of texts extant in more than one North Frisian version. This way, differences in the use of füünj/fu can be established. The results suggest that Fering-Öömrang is prone to using fu as an auxiliary and copula, while certain lexical developments are more widespread on the mainland. The North Frisian dialects seem to differ with regard to varying paths of semantic expansion of füünj/fu.
Ritual walks, chronotopic moves
Authors: Jensma Goffe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
On the basis of a – partially stylometric – analysis of his poetry, this article shows how the work of one of Friesland’s most famous poets, Obe Postma (1868–1963), can best be understood as a series of Bakthinian chronotopes, accounts of simultaneous movements through time and space. Whereas for the reader this procedure results simply in lyrical descriptions of the Frisian countryside throughout its long history, for Postma himself his poetry was also aimed at evoking and reviving his own blissful childhood memories. This was not unlike the way Marcel Proust’s sensations were triggered by his aunt Mathilde’s famous Madeleine biscuits. However, whereas Proust was coincidentally overcome by this sensation, Postma went proactively looking for it. His poems had a real-life equivalent in the ritual countryside strolls he used to take on Sunday afternoons.
Wie entstand das Handbuch des Friesischen?
Authors: Munske Horst H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The initiator of the “Handbook” reviews its history, starting at the beginning (1) during the second symposium on Frisian Philology in Alkersum/Föhr (1994), explaining the special conception (2) of the work, addressing three groups: colleagues in Frisian Studies, in neighbouring disciplines and the Frisians themselves. Basic decisions were the language of the handbook, the content and length of the articles, and the selection of the publishers. The planning (3) followed, enlisting the authors, compiling short descriptions of all articles, and a list of technical abbreviations. Then the concrete work began: from the contract to the finished article (4), especially the editors’ intensive work, being coordinated by the Chair for German in Erlangen, acting as intermediary between authors, editors and publishers. The final phase, from the articles to the book (5), concerned the form of the book and the complicated indexes. There were three sponsors: the Ferring Foundation, the German Society for the Advancement of Scientific Research and VGWort. An outlook (6) refers to the continuation of the work on the handbook.
Iareg un a Daans
Authors: Schmidt Christoph 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Research on the Frisian-language ballad “a bai, a reder”, documented in text before 1830 and in melody in 1886 on the island of Föhr, has so far been almost exclusively from a linguistic and literary point of view. It is thought that the text could have originated in the late Middle Ages. This paper compares musical style elements such as the modal and drone-like characteristic in general and the closing formula with melodies from the 14th to the 17th century, both from Central and Northern Europe, as well as with the orally transmitted melodies of Scandinavian ballads. Each of the stylistic elements examined can be documented more or less frequently in the 15th and 16th centuries, whereas the similarities decrease in later periods. It therefore seems possible that not only the text, but also the melody recorded in the 19th century may have roots in the late Middle Ages.
Amrum und seine BewohnerInnen in der amrumerfriesischen Dramenliteratur von Thea Andresen und Annegret Lutz
Authors: Vanselow Wendy 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article deals with the dramatic works of two women, mother and daughter, Thea Andresen (1916–2001) and Annegret Lutz (1945–2003). Their plays are written in the Frisian dialect Öömrang, which is spoken on the island of Amrum, where both women were active as playwrights for a community theatre. The article reconstructs social and narrative structures and gender roles in the respective texts and aims at a short comparison of the dramatic works of both playwrights. The differences lie especially in their value systems.
Nordfriesische Kinder- und Jugendliteratur
Authors: Walker Alastair 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article offers a brief survey of children’s literature in North Frisian, a hitherto largely unexplored area. It first gives a chronological overview of the literature from the early 20th century until about 1970, the postulated first epoch, before looking at the actors and the categories in the second epoch up to the present day. Whereas the first epoch is relatively homogenous with respect to authors and works, mostly teachers working with traditional culture and tales, the second epoch displays a greater variety, increasingly using translations from other languages, but developing with them new concepts for books with a modern layout. In both epochs, educational materials play a central role. In the second epoch, the analysis postulates 16 categories of literature, each with varying numbers of publications. Some books are published in several dialects, and bilingual editions are increasing in number. Financing Frisian literature remains a problem.
Phase transitions and properties of lanthanum under high pressures
Authors: Chen Ling , Liang Tianxiao , Zhang Zihan , Song Hao , Liu Zhengtao , Jiang Qiwen , Chen Yue , Duan Defang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Lanthanum (La), the first member of the lanthanide elements, recently aroused interests due to the discovery of high-T
c superconductor LaH10 under high pressures and its unique superconducting properties. Here, we study the phase transitions, superconductivity and mechanical properties of metallic La under high pressures by first-principle calculations. The known face-centered cubic (fcc) phase with space group

F
m

3

¯

m

still exists above 100 GPa. And it transforms into an unprecedented body-centered tetragonal (bct) phase with space group I4/mmm above 180 GPa, which expands the high pressure phase transition sequence. Further calculations show that the superconducting transition temperature T
c of fcc phase decreases with increasing pressure with the rate of −0.13 K GPa−1, in good agreement with the experimental results. For the bct phase, the estimated superconducting transition temperature is very low with T
c of 0.7 K at 200 GPa. The calculations of mechanical properties show that both of fcc and bct phases are compressible and brittle.
Effect of external electric field on ultraviolet-induced nanoparticle colloid jet machining
Authors: Song Xiaozong , Ge Shundong , Niu Yanjiang , Yan Dengwei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Electric field enhanced ultraviolet (UV)-induced nanoparticle colloid jet machining is proposed to improve the material removal efficiency of UV-induced nanoparticle colloid jet machining by applying an external electric field. The influences of TiO2 nanoparticle concentration, applied electric field voltage and pH value for the photocatalytic activity of the polishing slurry was investigated by orthogonal experiments. Terephthalic acid (TPA) was used as a fluorescent molecular probe to reflect the relative concentration of hydroxyl radical groups (·OH) in polishing slurry, which directly affects the material removal rate in the UV-induced nanoparticle colloid jet machining process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to inspect the interaction variations between the TiO2 nanoparticles and the SiC workpiece surface. The SEM and XPS results exhibit that the external electric field can enhance the adsorption of TiO2 nanoparticles on the SiC workpiece surface, which can create more interfacial reaction active centers in the polishing process. The FT-IR spectra results indicate that TiO2 nanoparticles were chemically bonded to the SiC surface by oxygen-bridging atoms in Ti–O–Si bonds. The results of fixed-point polishing experiment show that due to the enhancement effect of external electric field on the photocatalytic activity of the polishing slurry, the material removal efficiency of electric field enhanced UV-induced nanoparticle colloid jet machining is 15% higher than that of UV-induced nanoparticle colloid jet machining, and is 28% higher than that of pure nanoparticle colloid jet machining. Atomic force microscope micromorphology show that an ultra-smooth SiC workpieces with surface roughness of Rms 0.84 nm (Ra 0.474 nm) has been obtained by electric field enhanced UV-induced nanoparticle colloid jet machining.