bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomical variants identified on chest computed tomography of 1000+ COVID‐19 patients from an open‐access dataset
Authors: Yurasakpong Laphatrada , Asuvapongpatana Somluk , Weerachatyanukul Wattana , Meemon Krai , Jongkamonwiwat Nopporn , Kruepunga Nutmethee , Chaiyamoon Arada , Sudsang Thanwa , Iwanaga Joe , Tubbs R. Shane , Suwannakhan Athikhun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractChest computed tomography (CT) has been the preferred imaging modality during the pandemic owing to its sensitivity in detecting COVID‐19 infections. Recently, a large number of COVID‐19 imaging datasets have been deposited in public databases, leading to rapid advances in COVID‐19 research. However, the application of these datasets beyond COVID‐19‐related research has been little explored. The authors believe that they could be used in anatomical research to elucidate the link between anatomy and disease and to study disease‐related alterations to normal anatomy. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of six well‐known anatomical variants in the thorax using open‐access CT images obtained from over 1000 Iranian COVID‐19 patients aged between 6 and 89 years (60.9% male and 39.1% female). In brief, we found that the azygos lobe, tracheal bronchus, and cardiac bronchus were present in 0.8%, 0.2%, and 0% of the patients, respectively. Variations of the sternum, including sternal foramen, episternal ossicles, and sternalis muscle, were observed in 9.6%, 2.9%, and 1.5%, respectively. We believe anatomists could benefit from using open‐access datasets as raw materials for research because these datasets are freely accessible and are abundant, though further research is needed to evaluate the uses of other datasets from different body regions and imaging modalities. Radiologists should also be aware of these common anatomical variants when examining lung CTs, especially since the use of this imaging modality has increased during the pandemic.
Storage Control Philosophies for Gas Filling Stations at Biogas Plants
Authors: Kube Jürgen , Gökgöz Fatih , Liebetrau Jan , Nelles Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe production of biomethane as a fuel is an opportunity for existing combined heat and power biogas plants. These plants are not necessarily located near access points to the natural gas grid and will need to store the produced biomethane on site. Fuel demand is not constant, and the anaerobic digestion plant can vary its production, ramp up compression, and store gas pre‐compression near ambient pressure or post‐compression in high‐pressure storage tanks. Compression is an energy‐intensive process, and some of the energy is lost when a storage tank compressed to 250 bar is connected to an empty fuel tank of a vehicle (30 bar). The aim of this work was to develop a method to identify reasonable and optimal tank sizes, volume splits, and starting pressures and provide two control philosophies for the filling station.
Integrating Photocatalysis and Microfiltration for Methylene Blue Degradation: Kinetics and Cost Estimation
Authors: Pham Duc Chinh , Cao Thi Mai Duyen , Nguyen Manh Cuong , Nguyen Thanh Dong , Nguyen Viet Hoang , Bui Van Hoi , Nguyen Thi Thu Trang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMethylene blue degradation by the UV/TiO2 and UV/TiO2/H2O2 photocatalysis in a suspended photocatalytic reactor coupled with a microfiltration (MF) module is described. The kinetics of methylene blue degradation, cake layer formation on the membrane surface, and the energy consumption of the system are evaluated and discussed. In addition, cost estimation of the treatment of methylene blue by different processes is implemented. The investment and operating costs of the photocatalytic membrane reactors are calculated and compared with the UV systems and UV/TiO2‐MF.
Development of an Automated Adsorbent Selection Strategy for Liquid–Phase Adsorption
Authors: Schreiber Mareike , Schembecker Gerhard 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA systematic and automatic approach for adsorbent selection for liquid–phase adsorption is proposed. Based on physical properties like polarity, pore size, and specific surface, a screening strategy is developed and automated on a robotic platform. Key performance indicators are applied ensuring economically based decisions. The approach developed is verified by adsorption of caffeine out of an aqueous solution with vanillin, uracil, and α–ionon as impurities. The adsorbent selection strategy leads to the polymeric adsorbent SP207 and a specific surface of 15 m2mL−1 ending in a separation cost indicator of 16 € gCaffeine−1. This work proposes an opportunity for accelerated process design strengthened by the usage of robotic devices.
Construction of Core‐Shell Heterostructured Nanoarrays of Cu(OH)2@NiFe‐Layered Double Hydroxide through Facile Potentiostatic Electrodeposition for Highly Efficient Supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Zihao , Liu Zhiqiang , Wang Lei , Zhao Kai , Sun Xiaolin , Jia Dedong , Liu Jingquan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this work, the densely distributed and core‐shell structured Cu(OH)2@NiFe‐LDH nanoarrays on copper foam (COH@NF‐LDH/CF) are constructed by a facile and feasible in situ oxidation method combined with potentiostatic electrodeposition. This distinct core‐shell structure as well as the synergetic effect between Cu(OH)2 and NiFe‐LDH provides a tremendous advantage, such as sufficient chemical active spots, the pathway for electron and ion transfer, to enhance the electrochemical performance of COH@NF‐LDH/CF. In particular, the area capacitance of synthesized COH@NF‐LDH/CF can reach 4.139 F cm−2 at 5 mA cm−2, which remarkably precede the single bare Cu(OH)2 (198 mF cm−2) or NiFe‐LDH/CF (71 mF cm−2) electrode materials at the same current density. Furthermore, the sample COH@NF‐LDH/CF is investigated and found to have excellent cycle stability (maintained 86.47 % after 5000 cycles). More importantly, the COH@NF‐LDH/CF electrode also can be utilized directly as the positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode to assemble a facile asymmetric supercapacitor, which achieves a voltage window of up to 1.5 V and demonstrate up 65.56 Wh kg−1 brilliant energy density under 750 W kg−1. Therefore, their results indicate that COH@NF‐LDH/CF core‐shell structure nanocomposites may have a great prospect of application in energy storage.
Oxygen Vacancy‐Enhanced Ternary Nickel‐Tungsten‐Cerium Metal Alloy‐Oxides for Efficient Alkaline Electrochemical Full Cell Water Splitting Using Anion Exchange Membrane
Authors: Chen Kai , Rajendiran Rajmohan , Deviprasath Chinnadurai , Mathew Sobin , Cho Young‐Rae , Prabakar Kandasamy , Lun Li Oi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlkaline water electrolysis is an attractive hydrogen generation technology with ultra‐high purity products and zero carbon emissions. However, the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in both electrodes highly limits their applications. Benefiting from the abundant accessible active sites of the ternary alloy‐oxide structure formed on Ni foam directly, NiCeWOx shows superior HER and OER catalytic performances. The NiCeWOx‐2 (Ce/W ratio with 5/95) displays enhanced OER activity with an overpotential of 263 mV, while the NiCeWOx‐1 (Ce/W ratio with 79.8/21.2) shows better performance for alkaline HER with an overpotential of 130 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm−2. The catalysts show significant enhancement in terms of electrochemical reaction kinetics and conductivity compared to its original NiCeOx and NiWOx alloy phase. The efficient HER‐OER electrocatalytic performance is attributed to its unique alloyed oxygen vacancy structure‐property, which facilitates the diffusion of protons/OH− ions and significantly improves the electron conductivity for catalytic reactions. A low cell potential of 1.65 V is obtained at 10 mA cm−2 for NiCeWOx‐1||NiCeWOx‐2 in a full water‐splitting device in 1 M KOH electrolyzer with an anion exchange membrane. Also, NiCeWOx‐1||NiCeWOx‐2 exhibits extreme high stability after 24 h operation. This novel design utilizes low‐cost and robust electrocatalysts and will be useful for large‐scale alkaline water electrolysis.
Experimental Characterization of 3D Printed Structured Metal Packing with an Enclosed Column Wall
Authors: Riese Julia , Reitze Arnulf , Grünewald Marcus 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing is a promising tool for tailored solutions in chemical engineering. This applies in particular to the design of lab‐scale packed bed columns. We present experimental results to characterize a lab‐scale 3D printed structured metal packing and compare it to a conventional counterpart. The results indicate that necessary adjustments for the manufacturing process of the metal material have an influence on important operating parameters, resulting in higher specific pressure drop, slightly higher liquid holdup and lower mass transfer efficiency.
High cyclin E1 protein, but not gene amplification, is prognostic for basal‐like breast cancer
Authors: Aziz Diar , Lee Christine , Chin Venessa , Fernandez Kristine J , Phan Zoe ,   kConFab Investigators,   AOCS Study Group, Waring Paul , Caldon C Elizabeth 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBasal‐like breast cancer (BLBC) has a greater overlap in molecular features with high‐grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) than with other breast cancer subtypes. Similarities include BRCA1 mutation, high frequency of TP53 mutation, and amplification of CCNE1 (encoding the cyclin E1 protein) in 6–34% of cases, and these features can be used to group patients for targeted therapies in clinical trials. In HGSOC, we previously reported two subsets with high levels of cyclin E1: those in which CCNE1 is amplified, have intact homologous recombination (HR), and very poor prognosis; and a CCNE1 non‐amplified subset, with more prevalent HR defects. Here, we investigate whether similar subsets are identifiable in BLBC that may allow alignment of patient grouping in clinical trials of agents targeting cyclin E1 overexpression. We examined cyclin E1 protein and CCNE1 amplification in a cohort of 76 BLBCs and validated the findings in additional breast cancer datasets. Compared to HGSOC, CCNE1 amplified BLBC had a lower level of amplification (3.5 versus 5.2 copies) and lower relative cyclin E1 protein, a lack of correlation of amplification with expression, and no association with polyploidy. BLBC with elevated cyclin E1 protein also had prevalent HR defects, and high‐level expression of the cyclin E1 deubiquitinase ubiquitin‐specific protease 28 (USP28). Using a meta‐analysis across multiple studies, we determined that cyclin E1 protein overexpression but not amplification is prognostic in BLBC, while both cyclin E1 overexpression and amplification are prognostic in HGSOC. Overall CCNE1 gene amplification is not equivalent between BLBC and HGSOC. However, high cyclin E1 protein expression can co‐occur with HR defects in both BLBC and HGSOC, and is associated with poor prognosis in BLBC.
Mindfulness‐based stress reduction and cognitive function among breast cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Duval Alicia , Davis Christopher G. , Khoo Eve‐Ling , Romanow Heather , Shergill Yaadwinder , Rice Danielle , Smith Andra M. , Poulin Patricia A. , Collins Barbara 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) survivors frequently report changes in cognition after chemotherapy. Mindfulness may benefit survivors by mitigating cancer‐related cognitive impairment. As part of a larger study investigating the effects of mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) for BC survivors living with neuropathic pain, the authors assessed whether MBSR would have an effect on cognitive outcomes.MethodsParticipants were randomized to an MBSR intervention group (n = 30) or a waitlist control group (n = 30). Cognitive assessments were administered at 3 time points: at baseline, 2 weeks, and 3 months post‐MBSR in the intervention group and at equivalent time intervals for the control group. Multilevel models were used to assess whether MBSR significantly improved task performance at each time point.ResultsMBSR participants showed a significantly greater reduction in prospective and retrospective memory failures at 2 weeks postintervention. No effects of MBSR were noted for objective assessments.ConclusionsThese results suggest that MBSR training reduces subjective (but not objective) memory‐related impairments in BC survivors who receive treatment with chemotherapy. This study provides insight into a noninvasive intervention to ameliorate memory difficulties in BC survivors.
Secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland, a rare entity: An international multi‐institutional study
Authors: Wiles Austin B. , Gabrielson Matthew , Baloch Zubair W. , Faquin William C. , Jo Vickie Y. , Callegari Fabiano , Kholova Ivana , Song Sharon , Centeno Barbara A. , Ali Syed Z. , Tommola Satu , Fadda Guido , Petrone Gianluigi , Wang He , Rossi Esther D. , Pantanowitz Liron , Maleki Zahra 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUNDSecretory carcinoma (SC) of the salivary gland is a rare entity with limited published literature on cytomorphology. The authors present the largest cohort to date of SC fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cases.METHODSFNA cases of histologically confirmed SC were retrospectively retrieved from 12 academic institutions in the United States, Italy, Finland, and Brazil. The collated data included patient demographics, imaging findings, cytopathologic diagnoses according to the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology, cytomorphologic characteristics, and immunohistochemical/molecular profiles.RESULTSIn total, 40 SCs were identified (male‐to‐female ratio, 14:26) in patients with a mean age of 52 years (age range, 13‐80 years). Ultrasound imagining revealed a hypoechoic, ovoid, poorly defined, or lobulated mass. The most common primary site was the parotid gland (30 of 40 tumors). Regional lymph node metastasis (9 patients) and distant metastasis (4 patients; brain, liver, lungs, and mediastinum) were noted. Two patients died of disease. FNA smears were cellular and demonstrated mainly large, round cells with intracytoplasmic vacuoles or granules and round‐to‐oval nuclei with smooth nuclear contour, minimal irregularities, and prominent nucleoli arranged predominantly in clusters, papillary formations, and single cells. The background was variable and contained inflammatory cells, mucin, or proteinaceous material. The diagnoses were malignant (19 of 38 tumors; 50%), suspicious for malignancy (10 of 38 tumors; 26%), salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (7 of 38 tumors; 18%), and atypia of undetermined significance (2 of 38 tumors; 6%) according to the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology. Two malignant cases (2 of 40 tumors; 5%) were metastases. The neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for S100 (23 of 24 tumors), mammaglobin (18 of 18 tumors), GATA‐3 (13 of 13 tumors), AE1/AE3 (7 of 7 tumors), and vimentin (6 of 6 tumors). ETV6‐NTRK3 fusion was detected in 32 of 33 tumors by fluorescence in situ hybridization (n = 32) and next‐generation sequencing (n = 1).CONCLUSIONSFamiliarity with cytomorphologic features and the immunohistochemical/molecular profile of SC can enhance diagnostic accuracy.;
Nanozymes of Ni0.5Fe0.5S2 Mediated Synergetic Antitumor Treatment
Authors: Zeng Jia , Wang Yufeng , Wu Jingpeng , Wang Huiwen , Lu Junrong , Li Shijie , He Dongfeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHow to establish a multi‐modality oncotherapy method on the basis of single matter mediated utilization of tumor endogenous substances is very promising for efficient antitumor treatment. In this work, we have designed a metallic Ni0.5Fe0.5S2 nanosphere for synergetic chemodynamic/photodynamic/photothermal antitumor treatments. Under NIR excitation, a remarkable photothermal effect could be generated by Ni0.5Fe0.5S2 for realizing the photothermal therapy. Meanwhile, Ni0.5Fe0.5S2 could also trigger formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via transformation of tumor‐site oxygen for the further photodynamic therapy. Furthermore, peroxidase‐like property of Ni0.5Fe0.5S2 favors the catalysis of endogenous H2O2 into hydroxyl radical to achieve a chemodynamic therapy. As a result, the on‐site tumor hyperthermia, tumor‐site oxygen and H2O2 conversion are worked for the antitumor action. On the merits of above synergistic effect, a better antitumor outcome was confirmed as compared with any single antitumor action, and complete removal of solid tumor under a relative lower temperature has been accomplished.
Effects of Unsuppressed Endogenous Insulin on Pharmacokinetics and/or Pharmacodynamics of Study Insulin in the Healthy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Liu Hui , Yu Hongling , Sun Lisi , Qiao Jingtao , Li Jiaqi , Tan Huiwen , Yu Yerong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractC‐peptide, a marker of endogenous insulin, should be consistently inhibited during euglycemic clamping, while an elevated postdosing C‐peptide (CPpostdosing) is not an occasional phenomenon. This was a retrospective study that included 33 men who underwent a manual euglycemic clamp with a subcutaneous injection of insulin aspart (IAsp) aiming to describe the effects of insufficient suppression of endogenous insulin on estimates of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of injected insulin. The time profiles of whole blood glucose, human insulin, glucose infusion rate (GIR), and C‐peptide were recorded. The subjects were divided into 2 groups at a ratio of 2:1: group A ([CPpostdosing]max>baseline CP [CPbaseline]), group B ([CPpostdosing]max ≤ CPbaseline). The endogenous insulin was approximately equal to the measured value of human insulin or calculated from the C‐peptide. The basal glucose, CPbaseline, basal human insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, IAsp dose, and demographic statistics were all comparable between the 2 groups except the “clamped” glucose. The average clamped glucose was 99.7% (group A) and 94.9% (group B) of baseline. After correction for clamped glucose, GIR area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to 8 hours was higher in group A (P < .05) under comparable IAsp exposure. Endogenous insulin area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to 8 hours calculated from C‐peptide was different from that measured from human insulin in group A (P < .05), whereas no statistical difference between these measures was observed in group B. Hence, blood glucose should be controlled below the baseline to ensure the inhibition of endogenous insulin. Unsuppressed endogenous insulin may contribute to observed GIR, and the endogenous insulin–corrected pharmacokinetics estimated by C‐peptide may be inaccurate with insufficient endogenous insulin suppression.
Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors to Quantify Temperature Non‐Uniformities in Plasmonic Catalyst Beds under Illumination
Authors: Xu Man , den Hartog Tim , Cheng Lun , Wolfs Marciano , Habets Roberto , Rohlfs Jelle , van den Ham Jonathan , Meulendijks Nicole , Sastre Francesc , Buskens Pascal 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by TNO (The Netherlands). The image illustrates an optical temperature sensor based on fiber Bragg gratings which enables accurate temperature measurements at various positions inside an illuminated plasmonic catalyst powder bed. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cptc.202100289.
Effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on gingival fibroblasts: An in vitro study
Authors: Al‐Shibani Nouf , Al‐Kattan Reem , Alssum Lamees , Allam Eman 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesGinger, the powdered rhizome of the herb Zingiber officinale, is commonly used as a traditional medicine in many areas around the world. Anti‐inflammatory actions of its extract have been previously reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ginger extract on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and interleukin (IL) expression from human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) in vitro.Material and MethodsHGFs were obtained from subcultures of biopsies from clinically healthy gingival tissues of 10 patients. Ginger extract was prepared from commercial powder of rhizome of Z. officinale (GZO) and its effect on cell viability was assessed using the 3‐[4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl]‐2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide cytotoxicity assay. Cells were then incubated and treated (except for the control samples) with either GZO, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and GZO before or after LPS stimulation. Culture supernatants of all five samples were collected for the Milliplex analysis to measure MMP‐1, MMP‐2, MMP‐8, MMP‐9, IL‐1β, and IL‐8. One‐way analysis of variance and Duncan multiple range tests were used to compare the mean values of all groups.ResultsThe gingerextract showed minimal cytotoxicity to HGFs even with the maximum tested concentration. Compared to the control group, GZO treatment alone caused little or no effect on the levels of expression of MMP‐1, MMP‐2, MMP‐8, MMP‐9, IL‐1β, and IL‐8. While GZO treatment after LPS stimulation significantly reduced the expression of MMP‐1, MMP‐2, MMP‐8, MMP‐9, and IL‐8 when compared to LPS alone. Comparing the control to LPS stimulation after GZO treatment, significant differences were detected for all tested MMPs and cytokines.ConclusionsThese findings suggest a potential role for ginger extract in inhibiting MMP and IL HGFs' expression in inflamed gingival tissues.
Practice does not make perfect: Juvenile object play does not improve the predation skills of adult mink in “simulated prey” tests
Authors: Dawson Lauren C. , Meagher Rebecca , Ahloy‐Dallaire Jamie , Mason Georgia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn carnivores, juvenile object play is hypothesized to improve the development of adult predation ability. We tested this hypothesis in a model carnivore, the American mink (Neovison vison). Play was induced via the provision of diverse “enrichment” objects to 32 litters from 4 to 15 weeks of age on a rotating schedule; control mink (32 litters) were instead provided with one static object. Behavioral observations confirmed that enriched juveniles engaged in more object play than control juveniles (p < .01). Tenacity, strength, and chasing motivations were assessed in 52 mink at 27–29 weeks of age using five “simulated prey” tests. These tests showed internal consistency, with measures from the same test being weakly to very strongly correlated (r or ρ: |.33–.95|). Across tests assessing similar skills, some measures of tenacity and strength were also moderately correlated. Treatment had little effect, however, other than on maximum force during vertical pulling, in which control mink unexpectedly scored higher (1.01 ± 0.06 kg vs. 0.84 ± 0.06 kg, p = .0458). Although we did not find evidence to support the hypothesis that object play leads to improved predatory skills, the tests developed have the potential to be used in humane, prey‐free future investigations of predation abilities.
Formation of Iron (III) Trimesate Xerogel by Ultrasonic Irradiation
Authors: Ennas Guido , Gedanken Aharon , Mannias Giada , Kumar Vijay B. , Scano Alessandra , Porat Ze'ev , Pilloni Martina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFe−BTC materials have attracted vast attention owing to their high chemical stability, adaptable synthesis, and potential applications. Herein, we describe, for the first time, the preparation of iron trimesate gels by ultrasonic (US) irradiation of an aqueous solution of Iron (III) nitrate and trimesic acid. Two different procedures were used: (1) sonication for 10 or 20 minutes, (2) 3 minutes sonication under controlled pH (pH 3–5). After drying, stable Fe−BTC xerogels were obtained from both procedures. The xerogels consisted of interconnected spherical nanoparticles with similar microstructure when analyzed by FT‐IR and PXRD and similar thermal behavior under oxygen in the range of 25–900 °C. When analyzed by Nitrogen adsorption‐desorption at 77 K, all samples showed a permanent porosity with a narrow micropore distribution below 10 Å. Different textural properties were found among samples obtained with the same procedure. The product of 10 minutes sonication had a specific surface area (SSA) of 1042 m2/g.