bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pionnières ! Les premières étudiantes de l’Université de Lille (1893-1930)
Authors: Barré-Lemaire Nathalie , Lagache Sarah , Lefèvre Marie , de Oliveira Matthieu 
Published: November 2022

Dès la fin du xix e siècle les universités françaises voient les femmes prendre place sur les bancs des facultés. L’Université de Lille n’échappe pas à cette évolution et diplôme ses premières étudiantes à cette même période. Grâce à l’étude approfondie des sources disponibles, l’article développe le cas des facultés lilloises face à l’apparition des premières étudiantes dans ses murs à travers leurs profils scolaire et social ainsi que leurs origines géographiques, leur insertion dans la vie étudiante lilloise et leur parcours professionnel. L’étude s’attache, à travers le développement de quelques parcours d’étudiantes considérées comme emblématiques ou représentatives, à retracer cette profonde transformation de l’enseignement supérieur.
Odes to the Revolution: Alfieri’s L’America libera
Authors: Buccini Stefania 
Published: November 2022

Vittorio Alfieri a célébré l’indépendance américaine par un ensemble de cinq odes publiées en 1787 sous le titre L’America libera. Ses réflexions sur la Révolution s’inspirent d’une aversion fervente pour la tyrannie et d’une vigoureuse défense de la liberté. Selon Alfieri, les colons se sont rebellés contre l’Angleterre pour s’opposer au despotisme et préserver leur droit inaliénable à la liberté. La victoire de la liberté sur la tyrannie s’est incarnée dans les héros de l’Indépendance américaine : Franklin, Lafayette et Washington.
Anticolonialism in the Era of the American Revolution. An Essay Contest at the Académie de Lyon in the 1780s
Authors: Van Ruymbeke Bertrand 
Published: November 2022

De 1783 à 1789, l’Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts de Lyon organise un concours sur la question : « La découverte de l’Amérique a-t‑elle été utile ou nuisible au genre humain ? S’il en est résulté des biens, quels sont les moyens de les conserver et de les accroître ? Si elle a produit des maux quels sont les moyens d’y remédier ? » Le concours rencontre un grand succès avec cinquante mémoires soumis à l’Académie même si les académiciens lyonnais, explicitement déçus par la qualité des réponses, décident au final de ne point attribuer le prix. Le concours de Lyon permet à l’historien d’étudier l’anticolonialisme de la fin du xviiie siècle porté par les élites européennes et de constater combien cette image massivement négative de la colonisation fut soudainement nuancée, contestée même, à la lumière de la Révolution américaine et de la naissance des États-Unis.
Le droit applicable au différend dans l’arbitrage d’investissement : entre volonté des parties et office de l’arbitre
Authors: Djolgou Raymond 
Published: November 2022

En matière de droit applicable aux différends dans l’arbitrage d’investissement, une indifférence doctrinale a été un tant soit peu observée à partir des années 1990 qui ont vu naître des arbitrages sur le seul fondement des traités de protection des investissements à la faveur de la sentence AAPL c. Sri Lanka. La nouvelle tendance arbitrale semble avoir brouillé les frontières entre l’arbitrage contractuel et l’arbitrage sur le fondement des traités. Mais la pratique arbitrale a montré que le droit applicable renferme encore des problématiques non négligeables. La jurisprudence arbitrale est loin d’être unanime sur l’identification du droit applicable selon que nous sommes en présence ou en l’absence d’un choix de loi. L’article interroge la manière dont les tribunaux arbitraux traitent la volonté des parties concernant la loi applicable et l’absence d’une telle volonté. Partant d’une summa divisio calquée sur la mise en œuvre de l’article 42 (1) de la Convention CIRDI par les tribunaux arbitraux, on en vient à la conclusion que dans bien des situations l’autonomie de la volonté tend à se plier devant l’office de l’arbitre.
De l’éprouvé du chaos à la vie avec l’incertitude
Authors: Mallet Donatien , Zielinski Agata 
Published: November 2022

Comment, en situation d’incertitude, des personnes peuvent-elles cheminer afin de déterminer, individuellement et collectivement, ce qu’il semble juste de faire ? Est-il possible de tirer parti de l’expérience du soin et de l’accompagnement auprès des grands malades ainsi que de la Covid comme terrains d’analyse afin de tenter de repérer ce qui permet de reconnaître, demeurer, avancer dans l’incertitude ? En contexte de soin, la confrontation à l’incertitude peut engendrer un cheminement en trois étapes. Tout d’abord, c’est l’éprouvé d’une crise en soi vécue comme un « chaos ». Puis, peut venir l’accueil d’une incertitude. Et enfin, il s’agit de vivre avec elle dans une perspective éthique sans prétendre pour autant la faire disparaître. On décrira ici chacun de ces états, en essayant de définir les conditions qui favorisent ou empêchent d’en faire un cheminement progressif.
« Du temps ? On n’en a pas ! »
Authors: Le Méhauté Frédéric-Marie 
Published: November 2022

La modernité a pensé le progrès à partir du paradigme d’un espace euclidien plat. Or l’incertitude de notre époque est liée à l’inadaptation de cette topologie à la complexité du nouvel espace-temps fermé sur lui-même mais ouvert intérieurement, par exemple par les enjeux écologiques. Fermé et ouvert sont en relation duale. Cette dualité conduit à penser la complexité à partir des bords, des marges, de l’altérité, ici des très pauvres. Leur être au monde suggère une manière prophétique de traverser l’Apocalypse : entre le temps de l’urgence et le temps du projet politique s’ouvre une façon de vivre non dans l’anxiété de la fin des temps, mais dans la confiance d’« une présence de la fin dans ce temps à vivre ».
Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Retinal Vein Occlusion in Routine Clinical Practice
Authors: Xu Colin M. , Kim Erin , Valentim Carolina C. S. , Seth Kanika , Muste Justin C. , Perkins Scott , Singh Rishi P. 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To characterize treatment patterns for retinal vein occlusion (RVO)-related macular edema (ME) in routine clinical practice and its impact on long-term best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield thickness (CST).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective study of 365 eyes with branch RVO (BRVO) or central/hemi-RVO (CRVO/HRVO)-related ME between 2003 and 2020. Regression analysis identified factors associated with maintenance injection interval (MII). Subgroup analysis compared outcomes between different MIIs.

RESULTS:
51.3% of BRVO patients received injections ≤q8 weeks, 26.4% received injections q8-12 weeks, and 22.3% received injections >q12 weeks. 45.2% of CRVO/HRVO patients received injections ≤q8 weeks, 32.1% received injections q8-12 weeks, and 22.6% received injections >q12 weeks. Age, diabetes, and baseline CST were found to predict MII. There was no significant difference in BCVA and CST at baseline, 12, or 24 months in all MII groups in BRVO and CRVO/HRVO.

CONCLUSION:
There exists a significant heterogeneity in anti-VEGF treatment frequency for RVO-associated ME in routine clinical practice.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2022;53:626–633.]
Influences of Education App-Assisted Teaching Technology on Learning Efficacy of Learners
Authors: Wang Wei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract—This study designed a questionnaire to investigate the influences of education app-assisted teaching technology on learners’ learning efficiency. The mediating effect of learning motivation in such influences was analyzed. Research results demonstrate that Cronbach α of the designed questionnaire is 0.833, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) is 0.815, and Bartlett sphericity test is p=0.000<0.001, indicating good reliability and validity of the questionnaire. All four aspects (knowledge architecture (p<0.01), group collaboration (p<0.05), information integration, summary, and assessment) of education app-assisted teaching technology positively affect learning efficacy. Learning motivation has a complete mediating effect on the influence of education app-assisted teaching technology on learning efficacy. The contact duration of learners with education APP-assisted teaching technology influences learning efficacy significantly (p=0.006<0.01). Research conclusions can provide important references to facilitate higher education teachers to integrate teaching content and online teaching deeply, realize multiple assistance effects of information technology to education modes, and promote the organic integration of mobile Internet technology and higher education.
Improving the Security of Split Data When Using Multidimensional Parity Algorithms
Authors: Akhmetgalym Tlek , Mukasheva Gulzira , Zhumagazievna Karipzhanova Ardak , Mayzhanuly Aukenov Bolat , Toleubekovna Urazbaeva Kumys 
Published: November 2022

A model of distributed storage split data using algorithms, multidimensional parity, resistance to partial losses of the storage sites, is regarded as an alternative way of security that can replace the conventional multiple reservations and carrying costs of growth of the physical volume. In this model, the generated redundant data allows you to restore partial loss of the split parts. In this case, the recovery is performed at the expense of the parity files formed during the splitting procedure, in which the main action is the calculation of bitwise parity with summation modulo "two". With this additional operation between the source files, you can restore the corrupted file without distortion. A comparison with several models that use checksum codes for recovery shows that the estimated probability of losses due to storage failure in the case of multidimensional parity codes is significantly less than when using other split data storage options. Using the operation of adding the bits of undamaged files, you can completely restore corrupted files. According to the calculated data, even when theoretically non-recoverable losses are reached, it is always possible to find combinations of chain recovery. The complexity of alternative methods, including the iterative decoding method, makes a distributed split data storage system using multidimensional parity algorithms a more convenient error correction technology.
Keywords— , , , , loss recovery, .
Study of Early Warning Efficiency of Different Laboratory Markers in Predicting Progression of Disease in COVID-19
Authors: Krishnamurthy Vishwanath , Suhail K. Mohammed , Aslam S. Shaikh Mohammed , Raj Madhu P. , Patil Prashanth , Phaniraj Priyanka 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
COVID 19 pandemic has given rise to several challenges to clinicians and one of the keys in this is to predict the set of patients who progress from mild disease to moderate and severe. Apart from the symptomatology and signs, there are several lab parameters varying from biochemical, hematological to radiological parameters which help us in stratifying the stage of disease and also in deciding on which set of patients need close and vigilant monitoring. This would help us in better stratification of disease and utilize the available infrastructure and resources in an optimum way for better management of the disease.

Aim:
To analyze the early warning efficiency of laboratory parameters individually or in combination in predicting the progress of disease in patients from mild to moderate/severe disease.

Materials and Methods:
This was taken up as a retrospective study with 100 cases and 100 controls. The demographic details, inflammatory markers, biochemical markers and hematological markers were analyzed. Test of significance was employed to compare categorical variables while student t-test was employed to test the difference in the mean value such as age between case and control (Mann–Whitney U-test in parameters not having normal distribution). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed for these parameters using cases and controls and area under the curve (AUC) were estimated which was used as an indicator of sensitivity and specificity of the parameter in their early warning efficiency. The critical values for each of the parameters either individually or in combination was estimated as well.

Results:
Among the parameters C reactive protein (CRP), d-dimers and eosinopenia have the best early warning efficiency. The area under the ROCs curve for neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), CRP. Ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, Eosinopenia was 0.609, 0.947, 0.614, 0.554, 0.617 respectively at triage. However, a combination of eosinopenia with CRP (AUC-0.732) or NLR with CRP (AUC-0.728) have a good sensitivity and specificity in predicting the outcome regarding the progression of the disease.

Conclusions:
Among the parameters, CRP, d-dimers, Eosinopenia and NLR have the best early warning efficiency. However, a combination of Eosinopenia and CRP at triage should also serve as a red flag sign in patients apart from the well-known NLR and IL6 values.
Marriage to First Pregnancy Interval and Related Factors among Women in North Central Nigeria
Authors: Ameh Nkeiruka , Oyefabi Adegboyega Moses , Hawwa Madugu Nana 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The age at which a woman gets married may affect the timing and occurrence of her first pregnancy as well as the total number of children she will have in her lifetime. Factors which affect the marriage to first pregnancy interval include the age at marriage of the woman, her educational level, and cultural and religious beliefs among others. This study seeks to find out the marriage to first pregnancy interval and factors that affect this interval as well as the average number of children of women in North Central Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional community survey utilizing structured questionnaires. Information on marriage to first pregnancy interval as well as related factors was obtained from 300 currently or ever-married women in Abuja, North Central Nigeria.

Results:
The women were aged 13–72 years (mean: 28.67 years); the mean age at first marriage was 21.57 years, and the mean age at first pregnancy was 22.48 years. Marriage to first pregnancy interval was <3 months in 68 (22.6%), 1 year in 86 (28.6%), and ≥2 years in 154 (51.3%). The mean number of children for 45 years and above was 4.5. Overall, women who are artisans were found to be more likely to have a pregnancy soon after marriage. Husband's place of residence, educational qualification of the woman, age at marriage, tribe, and religion did not significantly affect first marriage to first pregnancy interval.

Conclusion:
Women in this part of Nigeria marry in early adulthood and are likely to want to have their first pregnancy soon after marriage. This has social implications for population dynamics and planning.
Exposure to Patients' Sample and Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection Among Health-Care Workers in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Adegbamigbe Oluwafemi Johnson , Yusuf Musah , Durowade Kabir Adekunle , Oguntoye Oluwatosin Oluwagbenga , Ogundare Yemisi 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Hepatitis B and C lead to chronic disease in hundreds of millions of people and together constitute the most common cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer with attendant mortality.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infection among different categories of health-care workers, looking at the exposure to patients' samples and the prevalence rate among these categories of health workers. This will help to ascertain the risk and the need to pay more attention to preventive measures.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted over a 2-year period among 217 health-care workers at the department of Haematology of the Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria. Respondents were randomly selected, and blood samples were taken for the hepatitis B and C screening. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20; bivariate analyses were done, and the level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
A total of 13 (6.0%) tested positive for HBsAg. Analysis of the marital status of those that tested positive to Hepatitis B, revealed that the highest number (77%) was found among the married, while the singles and the divorced constitute 15.3% and 7.7% respectively. The nurses and nonhealth professionals (admin staff) constitute the highest positive yield of hepatitis B virus (HBV), followed by medical doctors and laboratory staff. The age of the respondent was found to have a statistically significant association with HBV serology (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
There is a comparatively lower prevalence of HBsAg among the health-care workers who are directly exposed to patients' samples. The age of the respondent has a significant association with hepatitis B infection.
Prevalence of Hypertension and Determinants of Poor Blood Pressure Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Attending a Tertiary Clinic in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Adegoke Oluseyi , Bello Babawale Taslim , Olorunfemi Gbenga , Odeniyi Ifedayo A. 
Published: November 2022

Objective:
The objective is to determine the prevalence of comorbid hypertension and blood pressure (BP) control among patients with Type-2-diabetes-mellitus attending a tertiary-hospital in Lagos, and identify the determinants of poor BP control.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study of 238 consecutive patients with Type-2-diabetes Mellitus (DM) at the adult diabetes-clinic of a tertiary health-facility in Lagos, Nigeria over a 5-month period. Data were retrieved with the aid of structured-investigator-administered-questionnaire, physical examination, and review of hospital record. Hypertension was defined as BP ≥140/90 mmHg and target BP control was defined as <130/80 mmHg. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent determinants of poor BP control.

Results:
Comorbid hypertension was present in 187 (78.6%) of study participants with males (68/87 [78.8%]) and females (119/151 [78.2%]) similarly affected, P = 0.907. Older age (62.9 ± 10.1 vs. 54.9 ± 9.6 years) and obesity (35.3% vs. 17.6%) were associated with comorbid hypertension, P < 0.05. Awareness, treatment, and medication adherence rates were 96.3%, 100%, and 46%, respectively. Only 17.1% (n = 32/187) had BP controlled to target. Waist circumference (WC) (adjusted odd ratio: 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.06) and poor glycemic control (adjusted odd ratio: 5.39, 95% CI: 2.07–13.99) were the predictors of poor BP control.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of co-morbid hypertension in Type 2 DM patients in our setting is high and the BP control rate is low. Increasing WC and poor glycemic control are the independent determinants of poor BP control. Individualized weight reduction and glycemic control strategies may help achieve target BP control.
The Efficacy of New Neuronal Growth Factor in the Healing of the Sciatic Nerves in Rabbits
Authors: Sadat-Ali Mir , Aldakheel Dakheel Abdullah , Alabdali Majed N. , Aljaafari Dana T. , Alsulaiman Abdulla A. , Alomran Abdallah S. , Ahmed Ayesha , Alkhamis Fahd A. 
Published: November 2022

Background and Objective:
Regeneration of nervous tissue is unpredictable and an ideal growth factor to influence the healing of the injured nerves is not available. A recent study in rats had shown that a new neuronal growth factor (NNGF) was effective in the early healing of the sciatic nerves. The aim of this experimental study is to test the efficacy of NNGF in the healing of iatrogenic division of the sciatic nerves in a larger animal (rabbits).

Methods:
White New Zealand 20 male rabbits of 6 months of age were divided into two groups. Intramuscular ketamine and xylazine were used to anesthetize the animals. The sciatic nerves were divided using scalpel blade 15 and 10/0 Vicryl was used to repair the divided neural tissue. In the study group, 10 mg/kg body weight of NNGF was instilled on the top of the divided nerves and the wound was closed. At 4 weeks, the operated limbs were observed for any trophic skin changes. Nerve conduction studies were carried out using train-of-four-Watch SX, Organon (Ireland) Ltd., and Ireland. The rabbits were put to death humanely and the sciatic nerves were removed and delivered to the pathologist in 2% formalin. The pathologists were blinded about the two groups.

Results:
Electromyographic study done at 4 weeks showed in the untreated group; the mean twitches 1-T4 was 0.45 ± 0.31% and in the treated group, the average was 77.912 ± 5% (P > 0.001). Microscopic anatomy in the treated group revealed prominent healing by regeneration was evidenced by showing growth of its proximal segments into an empty endoneurial tube which was not seen in the control group. In the control group, the nerves showed no histological element of healing by regeneration.

Conclusions:
NNGF proves that in a larger animal at 4 weeks profoundly influenced early regeneration of experimentally created divisions of myelinated nerve tissue.
The Role of Micronucleus Scoring in Cervical Papanicolaou Smears
Authors: Tiwana Kanwardeep Kaur , Kaur Mohanvir , Goyal Shaina , Bhandhari Lachhima 
Published: November 2022

Aims and Objectives:
To compare the micronucleus (MN) score in all the major diagnostic categories as per “The Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology” 2014 including negative for intraepithelial lesions and malignancy (NILM), inflammatory, abnormal squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), abnormal squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (ASC-H), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), HSIL, and invasive carcinoma (IC) and to assess the role of MN scoring as a biomarker for predicting risk of carcinoma.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 1000 conventional cervical smears stained with Papanicolaou (Pap) stain, comprising unsatisfactory for evaluation (86), NILM (140), inflammatory (696), ASC-US (23), ASC-H (16), LSIL (18), HSIL (15), and IC (6) were studied independently by two pathologists, and the number of MN cells per 1000 epithelial cells in high-power (×400) and oil immersion (×1000) was counted and expressed as MN score per 1000 cells.

Results:
The mean MN score ± standard deviation was found to be 0.99 ± 0.744 in NILM cases, 0.67 ± 0.782 in inflammatory cases, 1.57 ± 0.507 in ASC-US cases, 1.63 ± 0.50 in ASC-H cases, 1.56 ± 0.511 in LSIL cases, 2.47 ± 0.516 in HSIL cases, and 3.0 ± 0.00 in IC cases. A step-wise increase was observed in MN score from inflammatory to IC categories.

Conclusions:
MN score is a reliable and easy test that can be used in conjunction with routine cervical PAP to assess the risk of malignant transformation in the uterine cervix as a biomarker for predicting the risk of carcinoma.