bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lactase Deficiency in Russia: Multiethnic Genetic Study
Authors: Kovalenko Elena , Vergasova Ekaterina , Shoshina Olesya , Popov Iaroslav , Ilinskaya Anna , Kim Anna , Plotnikov Nikolay , Barenbaum Isroel , Elmuratov Artem , Ilinsky Valery , Volokh Olesya , Rakitko Alexander 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Lactase persistence — the ability to digest lactose through adulthood — is closely related to evolutionary adaptations and has affected many populations since the beginning of cattle breeding. Nevertheless, the contrast initial phenotype, lactase non-persistence or adult lactase deficiency, is still affecting large numbers of people worldwide.
Methods
We performed the largest multiethnic genetic study of lactase deficiency on 24439 people in Russia to date. The percent of each population group was estimated according to the local ancestry inference results. Additionally, we calculated frequencies of rs4988235 GG genotype in Russian regions using the information of current location and birthplace data in client’s questionnaire.
Results
It turned out that among all studied population groups the frequency of GG genotype in rs4988235 was higher than in average in the European populations. In particular, the prevalence of lactase deficiency genotype in the East Slavs group was 42.8% (95% CI: 42.1–43.4%). We also investigated the regional prevalence of lactase deficiency by current place of residence.
Conclusions
Our study emphasizes the diagnostic significance of genetic testing, i.e. specifically for lactose intolerance parameter, as well as the scale of the problem of lactase deficiency in Russia which needs to be addressed by healthcare and food industry.
Midwife Empathy and Its Association with the Childbirth Experience: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jin Yuhua , Wu Yanpeng , Li Jing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Although pregnancy and childbirth comprise a life-course that most midwives experience, whether their own experiences of childbirth resonate with other women during childbirth remains to be determined. In this study, we therefore characterized midwives’ empathic capabilities and defined their underlying factors.
Method
We conducted a cross-sectional study with data from 464 midwives in Guangdong, China, that were collected through the “Chinese version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Health Professionals (JSE-HP).” This questionnaire contains sections related to midwife demographics and delivery characteristics. We then implemented multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify empathy-related factors.
Results
Our analysis revealed 303 (65.3%) participants in the high-empathy group while 161 (34.7%) were in the middle-empathy group. Compared with the reference groups, these results indicated that higher empathy was associated with an elevated educational level (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.04–3.25), high monthly salary (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.11–4.80), and no shift work (OR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.09–7.63). The odds of a high empathy score were higher for midwives who experienced two childbirths (2.27, 1.11–4.66) and for those who had children under the age of three years (2.81, 1.34–5.92).
Conclusion
Midwives possess a moderate-to-high level of empathy, and the greater the number of childbirths they experienced and the younger their children, the higher their reported empathy score. This study contributes novel information regarding the empathic behavior of midwives toward women who give birth in China.
Barriers to prophylaxis treatment among haemophilia A patients and caregivers in Shandong Province, China: a descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Liu Ziyu , Feng Junchao , Fang Yunhai , Yan Cheng , Li Shunping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: As one of the most common rare diseases, haemophilia A poses a great burden to human society. Prophylaxis treatment is considered optimal for patients to prevent uncontrolled bleeding and reduce severity of injury. However, little is known about the use of prophylaxis treatment among haemophilia A patients in China, especially barriers that predispose them to low or non-adherence.
Objective: In this study, we explored barriers that were experienced or perceived by haemophilia A patients and their caregivers who have initiated prophylaxis treatment in Shandong province in China.
Methods: Primarily inspired by the AAAQ framework, we conducted 19 one-to-one interviews and 3 focus groups (18 interviewees in total). Data were analysed using a descriptive phenomenology approach and further discussed through inductive analysis.
Results: Results revealed that haemophilia A patients and their caregivers struggled with nine intertwined barriers, including lack of health services for early diagnosis; inadequate supportive services for prophylaxis treatment in primary care; difficulties to obtain FⅧ concentrate at locals; financial concern associated with prophylaxis treatment; insufficient information regarding self-infusion and disease management; lack of a clarified role of primary care nurses as an acceptable care provider for infusing FVIII concentrate; lack of trust for newly developed techniques of infusion except gene therapy; safety concern associated with different product types; and poor user experience of domestic-produced infusion devices. Resulted from an inductive analysis, three clusters of underlying causes of barriers were observed: poor primary health care, inadequate social support, and failed to be patient-centred, which meanwhile highlighted opportunities for service providers and policy makers to better target and proactively design interventions towards improving prophylaxis treatment adherence in patients with haemophilia A.
Conclusions: Although this study was conducted in the Chinese context, the findings still could serve as a good reference for other nations when actions are needed to protect patients affected by rare diseases.
Efficacy and safety of double balloon catheter and dinoprostone for labor induction in multipara at term
Authors: yuan lu , Peng Jing , Yang Lijun , Zhao Yun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to comparatively assess the efficacy and safety of double balloon catheter (DBC) and dinoprostone as labor-inducing agents just for multipara at term.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted among multipara at term with a Bishop score < 6 who needed planned labor induction from January 1, 2020, to December 30, 2020 in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. They were divided into DBC group and dinoprostone group respectively. Baseline maternal data, maternal and neonatal outcomes were recorded for statistical analysis. Total vaginal delivery rate, rate of vaginal delivery within 24 h, rate of uterine hyperstimulation combined with abnormal fetal heart rate(FHR) were regarded as the primary outcome variables. The diffrerence between groups was considered statistically significant when p value < 0.05.
Results
A total of 202 multipara was included for analysis (95 women in DBC group vs 107 women in dinoprostone group). There were no significant differences in total vaginal delivery rate and rate of vaginal delivery within 24 h between groups. Uterine hyperstimulation combined with abnormal FHR occurred exclusively in dinoprostone group.
Conclusion
DBC and dinoprostone seem to be equally effective, and DBC seems to be safer than dinoprostone as it causes lower rate of uterine hyperstimulation combined with abnormal FHR.
A Safety and Efficacy Comparison of polyethylene glycol, hemp seed oil, and 5% sugar brine for bowel preparation in older adults patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: zhu xing wang , Yan Jun , Miao Long , He Ying Li , Wang Hai Ping , Li Xun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: The incidence of colorectal cancer among the middle-aged and elderly is gradually increasing in China. Colonoscopy is an effective method for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer, and bowel preparation is one of many important factors affecting colonoscopy. Although there are many studies on intestinal cleansers, the results are not ideal. There is evidence that hemp seed oil has certain potential effects in intestinal cleansing, but prospective studies in this area are still lacking.
Methods: This is a randomized, double-blind, single-center clinical study. We randomly assigned 690 subjects to a combination of 3L PEG; 30 mL hemp seed oil and 2L PEG; or 30 mL hempseed oil, 2L PEG, and 1000 ml 5% sugar brine.
Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) was considered the primary outcome measure. We evaluated the interval between consumption of the bowel preparation and the first bowel movement. Secondary indicators were evaluated after the total number of bowel movements; these included the time of cecal intubation, the detection rate of polyps and adenomas, the willingness to repeat the same bowel preparation, whether the protocol is tolerated, and whether there were adverse reactions during bowel preparation.
Discussion: This study aimed to test the hypotheses that hemp seed oil (30 ml) increases the quality of bowel preparation while reducing the amount of polyethylene glycol (PEG), and its combination with 5% sugar saline can reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.
Trial registration: The study was prospectively registered on March 15, 2022, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2200057626); Pre-results.
Floquet engineering of tilted and gapped Dirac band structures in 1T'-MoS2
Authors: Iurov Andrii , Zhemchuzhna Liubov , Gumbs Godfrey , Huang Danhong , Tse Wang-Kong , Blaise Kathy , Ejiogu Chinedu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We have developed a rigorous theoretical formalism for Floquet engineering, investigating, and subsequently tailoring most crucial electronic properties of 1T'-MoS2 by applying an external high-frequency dressing field within the off-resonance regime. It was recently demonstrated that monolayer semiconducting 1T'-MoS2 exhibits tunable and gapped spin- and valley-polarized tilted Dirac bands. The electron-photon dressed states depend strongly on the polarization of the applied irradiation and reflect a full complexity of the low-energy Hamiltonian for non-irradiated material. We have calculated and analyzed the properties of the electron dressed states corresponding to linear and circular polarization of a dressing field by focusing on their symmetry, anisotropy, tilting, direct and indirect band gaps. Circularly polarized dressing field is known for transition into a new electronic state with broken time-reversal symmetry and a non-zero Chern number, and therefore, the combination of these topologically non-trivial phases and transitions between them could reveal some truly unique and previously unknown phenomena and applications. We have also computed and discussed the density of states for various types of 1T'-MoS2 materials and its modification in the presence of a dressing field.
Parathyroid hormone related peptide levels may be related to obesity: a novel target for treatment?
Authors: ozturk gokmen , Ersavas Cenk 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Obesity, has become a significant public health issue in the last two decades In recent years, several studies have suggested that adipose tissue homeostasis is vital in developing obesity. The production of excessive pro-inflammatory adipokines and inflammatory chemokines by dysfunctional adipocytes contributes to chronic inflammation and ultimately leads to systemic metabolic problems
The Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein (PTHrP), a member of a small gene family associated with parathyroid hormone was shown to increase cachexia by browning white adipose tissue. Along with the role of brown adipose tissue in obesity prevention, PTHrP may have a role in the etiology of obesity. This study aims to evaluate the probable relationship between obesity, PTHrp, and inflammation.
Material and methods
Patients who were admitted to hospital for bariatric surgery were included in this cross-sectional study. For biochemical tests the venous blood of patients fasted for 12-14 h was taken in the morning. PTHrP elisa kit: Human Parathyroid Hormone Related Protein ELISA Kit (Cat.No: MBS017831).used for PTHrP measurements following the manufacturer’s instructions.
Results
A total of 550 patients were recruited for the study, of which 145(26.4%) were males. mean BMI was 40.88±5.85 kg/m2 and mean PTHrP was 35.43±12.83. The patient group was grouped in terms of BMI (Group 1= BMI<40 and Group 2 =BMI≥40). CRP was significantly higher in group 2(4.8±3.3 vs 4.1±2.9; P=0.004) while PTHRP was significantly lower in (36.19±11.87vs. 36.896±13.577; P=0.005). ın correlation analysis BMI was found to be positively correlated with CRP(R=0.341, P=0.00), blood glucose(R=0.091, P=0.034) and negatively correlated with PTHRP(R=-0.134, P=0.002). ın linear regression, PTHrP, CRP and blood glucose were major determinants of BMI
Conclusion
A lower BMI was associated with a higher PTHrP level. PTHrP, may cause a transformation from brown to white adipose tissue. Therefore, PTHrP might be a novel treatment for overweight persons.
Exploring the Potential of Intranasally Administered Naturally Occurring Quercetin Loaded into Polymeric Nanocapsules as a Novel Platform for the Treatment of Anxiety
Authors: Mahmoud Khaled Y. , Elhesaisy Nahla A. , Rashed Abdelrahman R. , Mikhael Ebram S. , Fadl Mahmoud I. , Elsadek Mahmoud S. , Mohamed Merna A. , Mostafa Merna A. , Hassan Mohamed A. , Halema Omar M. , Elnemer Youssef H. , Swidan Shady A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Anxiety is one of the most prevalent forms of psychopathology that affects millions worldwide. It gains more importance under the current pandemic status that resulted in higher anxiety prevalence. Anxiolytic drugs such as benzodiazepines have an unfavorable risk/benefit ratio resulting in a shift toward active ingredients with better safety profile such as the naturally occurring quercetin. The delivery of quercetin is hampered by its low water solubility and low bioavailability. The potential of enhancing quercetin delivery to the brain utilizing polymeric nanocapsules administered nasally is investigated in the current study. Polymeric nanocapsules were prepared utilizing the nanoprecipitation technique. The best formula displayed a particle size of 227.8 ± 11.9, Polydispersity index of 0.466 ± 0.023, zeta potential of -17.5 ± 0.01, and encapsulation efficiency % of 92.5 ± 1.9. The prepared nanoparticles displayed In vitro release of QRC loaded polymeric nanocapsules exhibited a biphasic release with an initial burst release followed by a sustained release pattern. The in vivo evaluation demonstrated the superiority of quercetin polymeric nanocapsules administered intranasally compared quercetin dispersion administered both orally and intranasally. The prepared nanocapsules also demonstrated good safety profile with high tolerability.
A case report: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for multitrauma patient with pneumorrhagia
Authors: Qiang Meng , Ji Changwei , Ma Zhen , Chen Bowang , Zhang Hao , Li Jun , Cong Lin , Qu Feng , Gao Shuhong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can be used as salvage therapy for multitrauma patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) when conventional treatment fails to maintain oxygenation. However, a controversy exists between ECMO application and the risk of bleeding due to systemic anticoagulation during the treatment. Non-heparin introduction seem to be a possible solution for this dilemma, owing to technical improvements in the device and management methods of ECMO.
Case presentation: A 58-year-old woman suffered from blunt thoracic, pelvic, and right lower limb fractures due to a falling accident, which resulted in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Although the patient received intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV), respiratory failure was not alleviated. Venous-venous (V-V) ECMO was used as a salvage therapy. With the support of V-V ECMO, we safely cleared blood clots in the bronchus and avoided secondary lung injury caused by pressure trauma and oxygen poisoning of the MV. We introduced heparin-free ECMO management as a solution to reduce the risk of bleeding associated with pulmonary contusion and other organ injuries. To prevent thrombosis, we set the blood rate of ECMO to 4.0 L/min, which is much higher than the usual parameter. During ECMO, coagulation factors, such as prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and D-dimer, were examined. ECMO was maintained for five days without any complications, MV was stopped on the 13th day, extubated on the 24th day, and discharged from ICU on the 28th day.
Conclusion: ECMO with non-heparin could be an optimal treatment for multitrauma patients with ARDS when traditional treatment cannot sustain oxygenation. High blood flow rate could prevent thrombosis through ongoing ECMO therapy without systemic anticoagulation. In addition, monitoring D-dimer value change（Δ D-dimer）may be better than D-dimer value in predicting clot formation in the membrane oxygenator.
Comparison of multimodel ensembles of global and regional climate models projections for extreme precipitation over four major river basins in southern Africa. Part I: Assessment of the historical simulations
Authors: Samuel Sydney , Dosio Alessandro , Mphale Kgakgamatso , Faka Dieudonne Nsadisa , Wiston Modise 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study assesses the performance of large ensembles of global (CMIP5, CMIP6) and regional (CORDEX, CORE) climate models in simulating extreme precipitation over four major river basins (Limpopo, Okavango, Orange and Zambezi) in southern Africa during the period 1983–2005. The ability of the model ensembles to simulate seasonal extreme precipitation indices is assessed using three high-resolution satellite-based datasets. The results show that all ensembles overestimate the annual cycle of mean precipitation over all basins, although the intermodal spread is large, with CORDEX being the closest to the observed values. Generally, all ensembles overestimate the mean and interannual variability of rainy days (RR1), maximum consecutive wet days (CWD), and heavy and very heavy precipitation days (R10mm and R20mm respectively) over all basins during all three seasons. Simple daily rainfall intensity (SDII) and the number of consecutive dry days (CDD) are generally underestimated. The lowest Taylor skill scores (TSS) and spatial correlation coefficients (SCC) are depicted for CDD over Limpopo compared with the other indices and basins, respectively. Additionally, the ensembles exhibit the highest normalized standard deviations (NSD) for CWD compared to other indices. The intermodal spread and performance of the RCM ensembles are lower and better, respectively, than those of GCM ensembles (except for the interannual variability of CDD). In particular, CORDEX performs better than CORE in simulating extreme precipitation over all basins. Although the ensemble biases are often within the range of observations, the statistically significant wet biases shown by all ensembles underline the need for bias correction when using these ensembles in impact assessments.
Assessment of Indoor Air Quality of Porous Media Combustion Based Cookstoves
Authors: Maurya Pratibha , Palanisamy Muthukumar , Ramalingam Anandalakshmi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present study analyses the emission mitigation ability of a Porous Media Combustion (PMC) technology based cookstove \({(CS}_{PMC})\)compared to a Free Flame Combustion (FFC) technology based cookstove (\({CS}_{FFC}\)). Emission of pollutants i.e., PM2.5, PM10 and CO caused due to burning of fuels namely methanol, ethanol, kerosene and LPG in the kitchen environment are measured. The study incorporated exhaustive real-time indoor air quality (IAQ) measurements and presented the temporal variation of measured pollutant concentrations for 2 h (morning meal duration). In addition, 24 h average concentration of the measured pollutants is also compared with the limits prescribed in WHO guidelines for domestic settings. The results emphasised that the utilisation of \({CS}_{PMC}\) would help in improving the IAQ of the kitchen area by decreasing the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10 and CO. For 2 h duration measurements, the methanol cookstove based on PMC reduced the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10 and CO by 7.7%, 8.1% and 17.2% respectively, compared to FFC cookstove. Similarly, in the case of PMC based LPG cookstove\(\left( {CS}_{PMC}^{LPG}\right)\) and kerosene cookstove \(\left({CS}_{PMC}^{Kerosene}\right)\), the respective values were 11.7%, 20.4% and 41.6% and 55.3%, 62.6% and 66.6%. Among all the tested cookstoves, \({CS}_{PMC}^{LPG}\)achieved the lowest emission values (PM2.5: 20.6 \(\mu g/{m}^{3}\); PM10: 31.3 \(\mu g/{m}^{3}\) and CO: 1 ppm) which are lower than the prescribed WHO values (PM2.5: 25 \(\mu g/{m}^{3}\); PM10: 50 \(\mu g/{m}^{3}\) and CO: 6 ppm).
Bioinformatic analysis of the microRNA-155 in pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Zhao Yunjuan , Chen Ruilin , Zhang Jia , Xu Qian , Ma Haimei , Peng Lei , Li Zheng , Lϋ Yaming , Li Fengsen , Ding Jianbing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is a chronic and infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.To identify the target genes of microRNA-155(miRNA-155) and their functional mechanisms by bioinformatic analysis.
METHODS: Precursor sequences of miRNA-155 were obtained using the DNAMAN.
Target genes were predicted through targetscan, PicTar and MiRDB database. Additionally, the functional enrichment analysis and Reactome enrichment analysis were performed to annotate the gene functions.
RESULTS: Mature gene sequences of miRNA-155 family were highly conserved among various species. 49 target genes obtained from multiple databases were found to be enriched in membrane- enclosed lumen, negative regulation of cellular process, intracellular signal transduction and so on. Besides, the target genes were also seemed to be enriched in checkpoint kinase 1/ checkpoint kinase 2（Chk1/chk2） mediated inactivation of cyclin B:CDK1 complex (cyclin- dependent protein kinases). ACTL6A, SMARCA4, ACTB, and other genes might be closely related to the onset of tuberculosis.
CONCLUSIONS: miRNA-155 target genes are involved in multiple biological processes and possibly participate in the pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) pathogenesis by regulating immune-related genes, which may be used as potential biological markers for the research on PTB.