bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Impact-abrasive Wear Behavior of NbC Reinforced Iron Matrix Composites
Authors: Wang Shifeng , Li Guohua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCS) have been recognized as a hot research hotspot as a local wear-resistant material for vital parts of mechanical equipment. Fe60 matrix and NbC particle (NbCp) reinforced Fe60 composites(NbCp/Fe60) were produced through vacuum sintering and tested on an MLD-10B Impact Wear Rig. As revealed by the results, NbCp played the role of fine grain strengthening. Under the mass fraction of 7% and at the sintering temperature of 1175℃, NbCp/Fe60 composite was found with uniform microstructure, superior hardness and relative density. The impact abrasive wear performance was higher than Fe60. NbCp/Fe60 composite with 7%NbC exhibited the optimal impact abrasive wear performance. Under the mass fraction of 8%, the composite begin to aggregate and the performance was significantly reduced. The impact abrasive wear mechanisms of NbCp/Fe60 composites primarily consisted of micro-cutting or micro-ploughing, impact plastic deformation and fatigue spalling.
Huaier Aqueous Boosts the Apoptosis of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Gong He , Zhu Demiao , Yv Shengxue , Wei Ling , Li Jinglong , Wang Xuehua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Triple Negative Breast Cancer(TNBC) may be a profoundly pernicious subtype about breast tumor. Because of the negative statement of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2), it will be presently without specificity targeted treatment. Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) Huaier Aqueous have anti-cancer effects, yet its component of activity will be even now vague. The latest research confirms that Huaier Aqueous can cause changes in various biological functions and gradually become a systemic adjuvant chemotherapy drug for cancer, so it is used in clinical anti-tumor treatment.
Methods
The Wound healing and Transwell test detects the relocation and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. Flow cytometry detects cell cycle and apoptosis. qPCR and Western blot were used to identify the statement for MDA-MB-231 cell cycle and apoptosis proteins and genes. In vivo tumor creation and HE chemical staining were used to examine the impact about Huaier Aqueous on the burgeoning from claiming TNBC. Immunohistochemical might have been used to identify the statement of Caspase9 and CyalinD1. Tunel staining strategy detects the statement of apoptosis over TNBC tissues. The information utilization one-way ANAOV and two-way ANAOV measurable examination.
Results
Huaier Aqueous inhibits the burgeoning of MDA-MB-231 cells. What's more disrupts the cell cycle on S phase, thereby encouraging cell apoptosis. In addition, Huaier Aqueous inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, confining the downstream molecular of the pathway.
Conclusions
Huaier Aqueous inhibits the proliferation and cell cycle of MDA-MB-231 cells through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and pushes apoptosis.
Excessive serine from the bone marrow microenvironment impairs megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Zhou Wen , Kuang Chunmei , Xia Meijuan , An Gang , Liu Cuicui , Zhang Jingyu , Liu Zhenhao , Hu Cong , Meng Bin , Su Pei , Xia Jiliang , Guo Jiaojiao , Zhu Yinghong , Wu Xuan , Shen Yi , Feng Xiangling , He Yanjuan , Li Jian , Qiu Lugui , Zhou Jiaxi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is a major complication in a subset of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, little is known about its development and significance during MM. Here, we show that thrombocytopenia is linked to poor prognosis in the MM patients. In addition, we identify serine, which is released from MM cells into the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME), serves as a key metabolic factor that suppresses megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis and eventually causes the thrombocytopenia. The impact of excessive serine on thrombocytopenia is mainly mediated through the suppression of megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation in the BM and the induction of apoptosis of platelets in the peripheral blood (PB). At the molecular level, the extrinsic serine molecules are transported into MKs through the channel protein SLC38A1 and downregulates the actin-binding protein Supervillin (SVIL) via S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM)-mediated tri-methylation of H3K9, ultimately leading to the impairment of megakaryopoiesis as well as thrombopoiesis. Inhibition of serine utilization or the treatment with thrombopoietin (TPO) enhances megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis and suppresses MM progression. Together, we identify serine as a key metabolic regulator of thrombocytopenia in MM, unveil novel molecular mechanisms governing MM progression, and provide potential new therapeutic strategies for treating MM patients by targeting thrombocytopenia.
Rapid simultaneous analysis of ten biogenic amines in aquatic products through ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry
Authors: Du Yingqi , Tang Haiqing , Ou Changrong , Wu Caiye , Chen Zuman 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A method for accurate, reliable, ultra-high-performance supercritical fluid chromatography (UHPSFC) coupled with mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of biogenic amines (BAs) in aquatic foods was optimized and validated. The BAs were separated using an ACQUITY UPC BEH column, and gradient elution was performed using a mixture of supercritical CO2 and methanol containing 0.2% ammonia at a rate of 1.2 mL/min. There stationary phases (BEH, HSS C18 SB and Torus 2-PIC) packed with sub-2-μm particles were selected, and the analytical conditions, including backpressure, flow rate and column temperature, were investigated to improve the separation. Under the optimized conditions, all 10 BAs were simultaneously separated and determined by UHPSFC-MS within 5 min. A good linear relationship ranging from 0.05 to 5 μg mL-1 was obtained for the BAs, and the detection limits of the BAs were 0.0010-0.0086 μg mL-1 (S/N=3). This strategy combines the high efficiency of ultra-efficient supercritical fluid chromatography with the high precision of mass spectrometry, enabling rapid detection of BAs in aquatic products. Furthermore, this method has the benefits of easy operation, rapid, remarkable separation, and avoidance of tedious sample derivatization. The separation technique for the analysis of the BAs not only satisfied the food safety and quality detection demands but also provided a technical approach for investigating the theoretical principle for the analysis of BAs.
Electrophysiological and Behavioural Responses of Sexually Immature Female Bactrocera Tryoni to Microbial Volatiles From Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Mas Flore , MANNING LEE-ANNE , TALLON ANAÏS K. , BOYD-WILSON KIRSTY , SUCKLING DAVID M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni) is a major polyphagous pest widespread in Australia and several Pacific Islands. Bacteria present on the host plant phyllosphere supply proteins, essential for egg development and the sexual maturity of female fruit flies. We investigated the role of microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) to attract sexually immature females. Four Enterobacteriaceae commonly found on the host plant and in the gut of B. tryoni were cultured under different pH conditions and their MVOCs collected with two different headspace volatile collection methods (Tenax® filter and solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) fibre) for chemical comparison. Using electroantennographic detection, we assessed the olfactory response of sexually immature females to MVOCs and identified bioactive compounds. The production of MVOCs was strongly influenced by species and pH. Four compounds were found to trigger consistent electrophysiological responses: 2-phenylethanol, isoamyl alcohol, indole and phenol. Klebsiella oxytoca produced the most indole, whereas Citrobacter freundii specifically produced phenol. Tenax extracts from K. oxytoca invoked the strongest antennal response and attracted the most sexually immature females among all four bacteria. Further tests with electrophysiologically active MVOCs at different ratios under different environmental conditions are needed to develop a specific female lure for B. tryoni.
Construction of A Synthetic Methodology-Based Library and Its Application in Identifying the First GIT/PIX Protein–Protein Interaction Inhibitor
Authors: Gu Jing , Peng Rui-Kun , Guo Chun-Ling , Yang Jie , Yan Xiao , Zhou Qian , Li Hong-Wei , Zhu Jinwei , Ouyang Qin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The rapid and efficient hit discovery is highly dependent on the development of multifarious chemical libraries. In recent years, the flourishing of synthetic methodology studies has provided concise access to numerous molecules with new chemical space. These compounds form a large library with unique scaffolds, but their application in hit compounds screening has not been systematically evaluated. In the present work, we have established a synthetic methodology-based compound library (SMBL), integrated of compounds obtained from our synthetic researches, as well as their virtual derivatives in significantly larger scale. We further screened the library and identified the first small-molecule inhibitors to interrupt the protein–protein interaction (PPI) of GIT1/β-Pix complex, an unrevealed target involved in gastric cancer metastasis. The inhibitor 14-5-18 with a spiro[bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3'-indolin]-2'-one scaffold, considerably retarded gastric cancer metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Since the PPI targets are considered “undruggable” that were hard to be targeted, the successful identification of the inhibitor illustrated the structural diversity and specificity of SMBL, demonstrating its potential to be utilized as compound source for targeting some challenging targets.
A comparison of clinical development pathways to advance tuberculosis regimen development
Authors: Chang Vincent , Phillips Patrick PJ , Imperial Marjorie Z , Nahid Payam , Savic Rada M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Current tuberculosis (TB) regimen development pathways are slow and in urgent need of innovation. We investigated novel phase IIc and seamless phase II/III trials utilizing multi-arm multi-stage and Bayesian response adaptive randomization trial designs to select promising combination regimens in a platform adaptive trial. Methods Clinical trial simulation tools were built using predictive and validated parametric survival models of time to culture conversion (intermediate endpoint) and time to TB-related unfavorable outcome (final endpoint). This integrative clinical trial simulation tool was used to explore and optimize design parameters for aforementioned trial designs. Results Both multi-arm multi-stage and Bayesian response adaptive randomization designs were able to reliably graduate desirable regimens in ≥95% of trial simulations and reliably stop suboptimal regimens in ≥90% of trial simulations. Overall, adaptive phase IIc designs reduced patient enrollment by 17% and 25% with multi-arm multi-stage and Bayesian response adaptive randomization designs respectively compared to the conventional sequential approach, while seamless designs reduced study duration by 2.6 and 3.5 years respectively (typically ≥8.5 years for standard sequential approach). Conclusions In this study, we demonstrate that adaptive trial designs are suitable for TB regimen development, and we provide plausible design parameters for a platform adaptive trial. Ultimately trial design and specification of design parameters will depend on clinical trial objectives. To support decision-making for clinical trial designs in contemporary TB regimen development, we provide a flexible clinical trial simulation tool that can be used to explore and optimize design features and parameters.
In-process Multi-physics Melt Pool Measurement and Correlation Analysis in Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Wang Rongxuan , Garcia David , Kamath Rakesh , Dou Chaoran , Ma Xiaohan , Shen Bo , Choo Hahn , Fezzaa Kamel , Kong Zhenyu , Yu Hang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Laser powder bed fusion still suffers from defects such as delamination and porosities due to the lack of understanding of melt pool dynamics. To study the fundamental of the melt pool behavior, both geometrical and thermal sensing with high spatial and temporal resolutions are necessary. This work applies and integrates three advanced sensing technologies: synchrotron X-ray imaging, high-speed IR camera, and high-spatial-resolution IR camera to characterize the melt pool dynamics, keyhole, porosity formation, vapor plume, and thermal evolution in Ti-64 and 410 stainless steel. This paper develops an effective algorithm for high-speed X-ray imaging data to identify melt pool geometries accurately. Pre-processing methods are also implemented for the IR data to estimate the emissivity value and extrapolate the saturated pixels. Quantifications on boundary velocities, melt pool dimensions, thermal gradient, and cooling rates are performed, which provides a thorough understanding of the melt pool with integrated geometrical and thermal perspectives. The study discovers a strong correlation between the thermal and X-ray data, enabling the feasibility of using relatively cheap IR cameras to predict features that currently can only be captured using the costly synchrotron X-ray imaging. Such correlation enables the thermal-based melt pool control as well.
PocketAnchor: Learning Structure-based Pocket Representations for Protein-Ligand Interaction Prediction
Authors: Li Shuya , Tian Tingzhong , Zhang Ziting , Zou Ziheng , Zhao Dan , Zeng Jianyang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Modeling and predicting protein-ligand interactions have a wide range of applications in drug discovery and biological research. Appropriate and effective protein feature representations are of vital importance for developing computational approaches, especially data-driven methods, for predicting protein-ligand interactions. However, existing sequence-based protein representation methods often fail to explicitly learn the spatial features of proteins, while current structure-based methods do not fully investigate the ligand-occupying regions in protein pockets. In this work, we propose a novel structure-based protein representation method, named PocketAnchor, for capturing the local environmental and spatial features of protein pockets to facilitate protein-ligand interaction-related learning tasks. We define "anchors" as probe points reaching into the cavities and those located near the surface of proteins, and we design a specific message passing strategy for gathering local information from the atoms and surface neighboring these anchor points. Comprehensive evaluation of our method demonstrated that it can be successfully applied to detect the ligand binding sites on a protein surface and greatly outperform existing baseline methods. Our anchor-based model also achieved state-of-the-art performance in the protein-ligand binding affinity prediction task and exhibited great generalization ability for novel proteins. Further analyses illustrated that the anchor features learned by PocketAnchor can successfully capture the geometric and chemical properties of subpockets. In summary, our anchor-based approach can provide effective protein feature representations for developing computational methods to improve the prediction of protein-ligand interactions.
Hybrid Electrochemical Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing (HEASM) based on Simultaneous Mask Electrochemical Deposition and Dissolution
Authors: Yang Wentao , Zhang Yan , Zhao Hantao , Han Guofeng , Cai Kangjie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper proposed a method for hybrid electrochemical additive and subtractive manufacturing (HEASM) to fabricate microstructures with high dimensional accuracy and good surface quality. Electrochemical additive manufacturing is achieved by applying positive pulses between the electrodes and then negative pulses are subsequently applied to achieve electrochemical finishing of the shape and surface. In this study, the formation of irregular surface defects was investigated, and a verification experiment was carried out. The inter-electrode pulse waveform and machining process were observed to characterize the electrochemical deposition and dissolution machining. The effects of pure electrodeposition, HEASM, and excessive electrolysis on the surface morphology were compared experimentally. The results indicate that HEASM can reduce the surface roughness by 45.5% but excessive electrolysis can cause a collapse of edge regions. Finally, Taguchi optimization experiments were carried out, and an optimized parameter combination for HEASM was obtained. A microstructure manufactured with an optimized pulse number ratio 0.6 × 10 −2 , peak current ratio 0.5, and pulse width ratio 1.0 had the best surface morphology and dimensional accuracy. And its surface roughness and height were 0.343 μm and 33.563 μm, respectively.
Novel protocol for criminal network disruption
Authors: Toledo A. S.O. , Carpi Laura C. , Atman A. P.F. , Scarpelli A. P. Baêta 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Identify and characterize criminal organizations as a network of collaborative individuals, exposing their underlying structure as a mul-tiplex network. Study different mechanisms to disrupt criminal networks and propose an effective protocol to assist the criminal investigation. Methods: From data collected by security intelligence from the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, we build crime networks using Graph Theory. Different strategies to break the network are tested based on key agents identified by the node properties, organized by different crimes in a multilayer structure. Results: The performance of nine different interruption strategies is quantified and analyzed, and a new protocol is proposed considering the greater efficiency compared to standard techniques. Conclusion: A protocol to disrupt crime networks is proposed which can effectively assist police operations to be targeted to remove key criminals. The proposed method of disruption based on key agents allows police to identify, visualize and qualify criminal activity, increasing the chances of a successful criminal network disruption.
Identifying and tailoring C-N coupling sites for efficient urea synthesis on diatomic Fe-Ni catalyst
Authors: Zhang Xiaoran , Zhu Xiaorong , BO SHUOWEN , CHEN CHEN , QIU MENGYI , Wei Xiaoxiao , HE NIHAN , xie chao , CHEN WEI , ZHENG JIANYUN , Chen Pinsong , Jiang San Ping , Li Yafei , Liu Qinghua , Wang Shuangyin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Electrocatalytic urea synthesis emerged as the promising alternative of Haber-Bosch process and industrial urea synthetic protocol. Here, we report that a diatomic catalyst with bonded Fe-Ni pairs can significantly improve the efficiency of electrochemical urea synthesis. Compared with isolated diatomic and single-atom catalysts, the bonded Fe-Ni pairs act as the efficient sites for coordinated adsorption and activation of multiple reactants, enhancing the crucial C-N coupling thermodynamically and kinetically. The performance for urea synthesis is up to an order of magnitude higher than those of single-atom and isolated diatomic electrocatalysts, successfully achieving a high urea yield rate of 20.2 mmol h-1 g-1 with corresponding Faradaic efficiency of 17.8%. The competing hydrogen evolution is in-situ suppressed by C-N coupling with a total Faradaic efficiency of about 100% for the value-added products. This work presents new insights into synergistic catalysis towards sustainable urea synthesis via identifying and tailoring the atomic site configurations.
The crucial role of adhesion in the transmigration of active droplets through interstitial orifices
Authors: Tiribocchi Adriano , Durve Mihir , Lauricella Marco , Montessori Andrea , Succi Sauro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Active fluid droplets are a class of soft materials exhibiting autonomous motion sustained by an energy supply. Such systems have been shown to capture motility regimes typical of biological cells and are ideal candidates as building-block for the fabrication of soft biomimetic materials of interest in pharmacology, tissue engineering and lab on chip devices. While their behavior is well established in unconstrained environments, much less is known about their dynamics under strong confinement. Here, we numerically study the physics of a droplet of active polar fluid migrating within a microchannel hosting a constriction with adhesive properties, and report evidence of a striking variety of dynamic regimes and morphological features, whose properties crucially depend upon droplet speed and elasticity, degree of confinement within the constriction and adhesiveness to the pore. Our results suggest that adhesion forces are instrumental in enabling the crossing through narrow orifices, in contrast to larger gaps where a careful balance between speed and elasticity is sufficient to guarantee the transition. These observations may be useful for improving the design of artificial micro-swimmers, of interest in material science and pharmaceutics, and potentially for cell
sorting in microfluidic devices.
A Greener Mechanochemical Approach to the Synthesis of Urea- Hydroxyapatite Nanohybrids for Slow Release of Plant Nutrients
Authors: de Silva Madhavi , Sandaruwan Chanaka , Hernandez Francisco C. Robles , Sahin Onur , Ashokkumar Meiyazhagan , Ajayan Pulickel M. , Karunaratne Veranja , Amaratunga Gehan A. J. , Kottegoda Nilwala 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In a time where global agricultural stability is facing unprecedented challenges due to growing population, climate change, and emerging pandemics, the development of advanced organic-inorganic functional nanohybrids as advanced fertilizers could contribute significantly to meeting these challenges. They hold the potential of reducing overall fertilizer used per kilogram of produce while simultaneously increasing the yield per hectare. Even though there are many reports of recent nanofertilizer innovations, work on overcoming constraints of large-scale economic manufacture and sustainability has been limited. Herein, we report advanced urea-hydroxyapatite nanohybrids with a rare hydroxyapatite morphology as a more economical, scalable, biocompatible, and sustainable next-generation nitrogen fertilizer compared to the previously reported. A full life cycle assessment including components from synthesis, structure-property relationships, nutrient release behavior, bioefficacy, biocompatibility, and industrial scaling-up are included in this study. Coral-shaped urea-hydroxyapatite nanohybrids were synthesized via an energy-efficient, greener, one-pot bottom-up mechanochemical approach leading to a nitrogen loading up to ~ 43 %. Intermolecular interactions between the hydroxyapatite nanocorals and urea molecules have afforded slow and precise nitrogen release properties to these nanohybrids resulting in the cessation of immature loss of urea to the environment. The improved nitrogen utilization efficiency of the nanohybrids was demonstrated by the ~69 % increase in crop yields and improved plant growth of rice compared to standard nitrogen application in pot trials. Urea-hydroxyapatite nano-corals have significant potential in enhancing sustainable agriculture by acting as an efficient, economical, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer leading to the fulfillment of multiple United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.