bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning the Electrical Performance of 2D Perovskite Field‐Effect Transistors by Forming Organic Semiconductor/Perovskite van der Waals Heterojunctions
Authors: Guo Jing , Liu Yu , Chen Ping‐An , Qiu Xincan , Wei Huan , Xia Jiangnan , Chen Huajie , Zeng Zebing , Liao Lei , Hu Yuanyuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe development of techniques for tuning/controlling the properties of electronic devices such as field‐effect transistors (FETs) is important for the optimization of device performance or the realization of custom‐designed device functions. Here, a simple method for tuning the performance of 2D perovskite ((PEA)2SnI4) FETs by transferring organic semiconductor PDVT‐10 films onto (PEA)2SnI4 films to form van der Waals heterojunctions (vdWHs) is presented. By varying the electrical properties of PDVT‐10 with doping technique, the performance of (PEA)2SnI4 FETs can be effectively tuned in terms of on‐state current, threshold voltage, and mobility, with mobility increased from 0.10 cm2 V−1 s−1 for pristine (PEA)2SnI4 FETs to 0.46 cm2 V−1 s−1 for the vdWH‐based FETs. This phenomenon can be attributed to the holes transfer occurring at heterojunction interface. More interestingly, the performance of the (PEA)2SnI4 FETs can be almost fully recovered once the PDVT‐10 films are removed, indicating the reversibility of the method. Such method of tuning semiconductor device performance by forming vdWHs can be also extended to other semiconductors and devices.
A High‐Performance Ag/TiN/HfOx/HfOy/HfOx/Pt Diffusive Memristor for Calibration‐Free True Random Number Generator
Authors: Lu Yi‐Fan , Li Hao‐Yang , Li Yi , Li Li‐Heng , Wan Tian‐Qing , Yang Ling , Zuo Wen‐Bing , Xue Kan‐Hao , Miao Xiang‐Shui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTrue random number generators (TRNGs) that can generate unpredictable data by exploiting physical entropy sources are the main security primitive. Despite impressive demonstrations of TRNGs with various memories by exploiting their spatiotemporal variability, realizing efficient and reliable TRNGs without calibration remains a significant challenge. Diffusive memristors with rich stochastic switching behaviors offer an attractive alternative to designing efficient TRNGs, but they are still plagued by difficulties in improving device performance and inefficient circuit calibration. Here, the authors report a Ag/TiN/HfOx/HfOy/HfOx/Pt diffusive memristor with superior threshold switching characteristics, enabled by the good control of switching dynamics by introducing a TiN barrier and trilayer‐hafnia with different ion mobility and migrate barriers. The random integrate‐and‐fire behaviors of the memristor are exploited as excellent intrinsic entropy sources for random number generation with robustness to device variation and without extra calibration. Experimental measurements validate the highly stochastic, compact, self‐clocking TRNG design with a high throughput of ≈108 kb s‐1. The generated random bits have successfully passed all 15 National Institute of Standards and Technology randomness test benchmarks. This work demonstrates that high‐performance diffusive memristors can play an important role in hardware security electronics deployed in edge computing systems.
A lasting impact? Exploring the immediate and longitudinal impact of an emergency department service learning help desk program
Authors: Cohen Adam Scott , Hu Sophia , Bellon Margot , Wang Nancy Ewen , Sebok‐Syer Stefanie S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe emergency department (ED) help desk is an undergraduate‐run service learning program that screens ED patients for social needs, connects them to community resources, and follows‐up to promote connections with resources. Students accepted to the program participate in a didactic course on the fundamentals of social emergency medicine as well as available community resources. Students also receive training around interviewing patients and use of screening software. Students commit to at least three quarters of service, during which they attend weekly team meetings.MethodsThis qualitative study explores the impact of this service learning experience for students. Current and former students were identified by the director of the program. Purposive and snowball sampling was used to select a sample of participants that participated in a semistructured interview. Our codebook was developed inductively using thematic analysis. Themes were presented and discussed with the entire research team for further analysis and refinement. Data collection and analysis used a constant comparative approach, and data collection ceased when saturation was achieved.ResultsStudy participants consisted of current and former ED help desk student volunteers (n = 21). All participants believed that the ED help desk service learning experience prepared them for future careers by providing an experience that filled a gap in their education. We identified four main themes: (1) participants’ perceived impact on patients, (2) learning from patients’ experiences and differences, (3) appreciating patients’ vulnerability and collaboratively addressing patients’ needs, and (4) learning to navigate patients’ social needs within the broader health care system.ConclusionsOur ED help desk service learning program offers a unique experience for students to learn about patients’ social needs, participate in meaningfully interactions with patients, and empower themselves and patients to work together as coproducers of patients’ care.
Development of a risk score model for 1‐year graft loss after adult deceased donor liver transplantation in Japan based on a 20‐year nationwide cohort
Authors: Takemura Yusuke , Shinoda Masahiro , Takemura Ryo , Hasegawa Yasushi , Yamada Yohei , Obara Hideaki , Kitago Minoru , Sakamoto Seisuke , Kasahara Mureo , Umeshita Koji , Eguchi Susumu , Ohdan Hideki , Egawa Hiroto , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimUsing nationwide data collected over the past 20 years, we aimed to investigate deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) outcomes to develop a unique risk model that can be used to establish a standard for organ acceptance in Japan.MethodsData were collected for 449 recipients aged ≥18 years who underwent DDLT between 1999 and 2019. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was utilized to develop an original risk score model for 1‐year graft loss (termed the Japan Risk Index [JRI]). We developed risk indices according to recipient, donor, and surgery components (termed JRI‐R, D, and S, respectively). The JRI was validated via a 5‐fold cross‐validation. We also compared DDLT outcomes and risk indices among Era1 (−2011), Era2 (−2015), and Era3 (−2019).ResultsThe 1‐year graft survival rate was 89.5% and improved significantly, reaching 84.7%, 87.6%, and 93.9% in Era1, Era2, and Era3, respectively. The JRI was calculated as JRI‐R (re‐transplantation, Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score, medical condition in intensive care unit) × JRI‐D (age, catecholamine index, maximum sodium, maximum total bilirubin) × JRI‐S (total ischemic time) × 0.84. The risk model achieved a mean C‐statistic value of 0.81 in the validation analysis. The risk index was significantly lower in Era3 than in Era2.ConclusionChanges in the risk index over time indicated that avoiding risks contributed to the improved outcomes in Era3. The JRI is unique to adult DDLT in Japan and may be useful as a reference for organ acceptance in the future.
A cobalt‐based metal–organic framework for efficient separation of propene from propane via electrostatic effect
Authors: Chen Yongwei , Tu Shi , Fu Peng , Wu Houxiao , Wang Xingjie , Wu Ying , Li Zhibo , Xia Qibin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractExploring porous materials for efficient adsorption separation of propene/propane (C3H6/C3H8) mixture to replace the energy‐intensive cryogenic distillation remains a daunting challenge due to the similar physiochemical properties of the two gases. Herein, we report a cobalt‐based metal–organic framework, MUF‐17, for efficient separation of C3H6/C3H8by exploiting the electrostatic effect. MUF‐17 exhibits a moderate C3H6uptake of 2.44 mmol/g and good C3H6/C3H8selectivity of 3.8 at 298 K and 1.0 bar. Breakthrough experiments confirm the excellent C3H6/C3H8separation with the C3H6captured productivity of 1.26 mmol/g. Molecular simulations reveal that MUF‐17 enables effective trapping of C3H6and discrimination from C3H8, due to the electrostatic potential compatibility well fitting for C3H6within the confined pore space that provides the stronger binding sites of C3H6than C3H8. Furthermore, other combinational features of moisture stable, low‐cost, ready large‐scale synthesis, and good recyclability are observed for MUF‐17, making it a promising candidate for C3H6/C3H8separation.
Modeling of three‐phase continuously operating open‐cell foam catalyst packings: Sugar hydrogenation to sugar alcohols
Authors: Najarnezhadmashhadi Ali , Braz Catarina G. , Russo Vincenzo , Eränen Kari , Matos Henrique A. , Salmi Tapio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn advanced comprehensive and transient multiphase model for a trickle bed reactor with solid foam packings was developed. A new simulation model for isothermal three‐phase (gas–liquid–solid) catalytic tubular reactor models was presented where axial, radial, and catalyst layer effects were included. The unique feature of this model is that the material balances include most of the individual terms (i.e., internal diffusion, gas–liquid, and liquid solid mass transfer, kinetics) for solid foam packing which is seldom done. Hydrogenation of arabinose and galactose mixture on a ruthenium catalyst supported by carbon‐coated aluminum foams was applied as a fundamentally and industrially relevant case study. Parameter estimations allowed to obtain reliable and significant parameters. The effect of the kinetic parameters and the operation conditions on the arabinose and galactose conversions was studied in detail by sensitivity analysis. The model described is applicable for other three‐phase continuous catalytic reactors with solid foam packings.
Robust dynamic optimization for nonlinear chemical processes under measurable and unmeasurable uncertainties
Authors: Liang Enzhi , Yuan Zhihong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe formulate an integrated framework for the robust dynamic optimization of nonlinear chemical processes under measurable and unmeasurable uncertainties. An affine decision rule is proposed to approximate the causal dependence of the wait‐and‐see decision variables on the gradually revealed measurable uncertainties. To overcome the computational intractability of the proposed model, a linearization technique based on the first‐order Taylor expansion is introduced around the nominal values of uncertainties to derive the robust dynamic counterpart, which can be discretized to a large‐scale nonlinear programming (NLP) formulation. Effects of first discretizing the dynamic models or introducing the affine decision rule are investigated. The proposed framework is also compared with the state‐of‐the‐art re‐optimization and traditional robust optimization approaches. An illustrative example and an industrial semi‐batch 2‐mercaptobenzothiazole production case are involved to demonstrate the advantages and applicability of the proposed framework.
Late‐onset Proteus syndrome with cerebriform connective tissue nevus and subsequent development of intraductal papilloma
Authors: Modlin Emily W. , Slavotinek Anne M. , Darling Thomas N. , Lipkowitz Stanley , Barr Frederic G. , Munster Pamela N. , Biesecker Leslie G. , Ours Christopher A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractProteus syndrome (PS) is a rare segmental overgrowth disorder caused by a mosaic activating variant in AKT1. The features of PS are often not present at birth but develop during the first few years of life. We describe a 55‐year‐old female, whose first symptom of overgrowth, a cerebriform connective tissue nevus, occurred at 19 years of age. We report the identification of the AKT1 c.49G > A p.(Glu17Lys) variant in this progressive lesion, the bony overgrowth, and recurrence after surgical intervention. In the sixth decade of life, this individual developed intraductal papillomas within her right breast which were confirmed to contain the same activating AKT1 variant as the connective tissue nevus. While similar neoplasms have been described in an individual with Proteus syndrome, none has been evaluated for the presence of the AKT1 variant. The tumor also contained two likely pathogenic variants in PIK3R1, c.1392_1403dupTAGATTATATGA p.(Asp464_Tyr467dup) and c.1728_1730delGAG p.(Arg577del). The finding of additional genetic variation putatively affecting the PI3K/AKT pathway in the neoplastic tissue may provide preliminary evidence of a molecular mechanism for tumorigenesis in PS. The late onset of symptoms and molecular characterization of the breast tumor expand the clinical spectrum of this rare disorder.
Epoxy/hybrid graphene‐copper nanocomposite materials with enhanced thermal conductivity
Authors: Lopez‐Barajas Fabiola , Ramos‐deValle Luis Francisco , Sanchez‐Valdes Saul , Ramirez‐Vargas Eduardo , Martinez‐Colunga Juan Guillermo , Espinoza‐Martinez Adriana Berenice , da Silva Luciano , Hernandez‐Gamez Jose Francisco , Rodriguez‐Fernandez Oliverio Santiago , Beltran‐Ramirez Flora Itzel , Zuluaga‐Parra Jose David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThermal conductivity of epoxy resins was highly improved (up to 1.95 W/mK) with the addition of 7, 10, and 15 wt% of a hybrid filler composed of 70–30 wt% ratio of graphene and copper nanoparticles, respectively. Hybrid filler was obtained by high energy mechanical milling in two manners; just the two nanoparticles “dry milling” and with the addition of ethylene‐glycol “wet milling.” The crystalline structure was severely destroyed with dry milling but not with wet milling. Wet milling was thereafter used to obtain the hybrid filler that was later used in producing the epoxy nanocomposites. Raman spectrometry, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electron microscopy were used to determine the interaction between both nanoparticles in the obtained hybrid graphene‐copper filler. XPS findings suggest that certain amount of copper is bonded to the graphene surface nanoparticles. This bonding could be carried out by the charge‐transfer interaction between graphene and copper or by physisorption of copper between the graphene nanosheets. The signals in 119.2 and 120.7 eV, observed in the deconvolution of Cu3s signal, correspond to copper carbon bonds Cu═C and CuC, respectively. This “wet” mechanical milling methodology represents a good option to prepare graphene/metal (hybrid) fillers.
Neues BAWMerkblatt zur Bauwerksüberwachung – Nachhaltiges Infrastrukturmanagement an Bundeswasserstraßen
Authors: Akkermann Jan , Kloé Katrin , Johmann Stephan , Bödefeld Jörg 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMit Einführung der neuen Verwaltungsvorschrift VV‐WSV 2101 Bauwerksinspektion wird das Inspektionsregime der Bundeswasserstraßen feiner abgestimmt. Neuerdings in Inspektionskategorie B eingruppierte Bauwerke weisen zwar grundsätzlich ein besonderes Gefährdungspotenzial im Hinblick auf die zu gewährleistende Verkehrssicherheit auf, sind aber bautechnisch nicht so komplex, als dass es bei ihnen – im Unterschied zur Inspektionskategorie A – einer Bauwerksprüfung durch sachkundige Ingenieure bedarf. Hier wird zukünftig eine Bauwerksüberwachung erforderlich. Das zugehörige, neu erarbeitete BAWMerkblatt Schadensbewertung an Verkehrswasserbauwerken der Inspektionskategorie B (MSV‐B) gruppiert die betrachteten Bauwerke und gibt Vorgaben für die systematische Erfassung und Bewertung von Schäden an diesen. Mithilfe einer weitgehenden Standardisierung bedient das Merkblatt sowohl die Anforderungen an eine effiziente Datenerhebung vor Ort als auch an die Dokumentation der Ergebnisse im Programmsystem des Infrastrukturmanagements, WSVPruf. Nach eng konzertierter Entwicklung und Ausarbeitung in 2021, innerhalb der Verwaltung verteilt angelegter Qualitätssicherung und breit gestreuter Schulung mittels digitaler E‐Learning‐Formate wurde das Merkblatt im März 2022 eingeführt.
Carbon dots‐modified paper‐based chemiluminescence device for rapid determination of mercury (II) in cosmetics
Authors: Al Yahyai Iman , Al‐Lawati Haider A. J. , Hassanzadeh Javad 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHere, a simple and portable paper‐based analytical device (PAD) based on the inherent capability of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) to serve as a great emitter for the bis(2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl)oxalate (TCPO)–hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) chemiluminescence (CL) reaction is introduced for the detection of harmful mercury ions (Hg2+). The energy is transferred from the unstable reaction intermediate (1,2‐dioxetanedione) to CQDs, as acceptors, and an intensive orange‐red CL emission is generated at ~600 nm, which is equal to the fluorescence emission wavelength of CQDs. The analytical applicability of this system was examined for the determination of Hg2+. It was observed that Hg2+ could significantly quench the produced emission, which can be attributed to the formation of a stable and nonluminescent Hg2+–CQDs complex. Accordingly, a simple and rapid PAD was established for monitoring Hg2+, with a limit of detection of 0.04 μg ml−1. No interfering effect on the signal was found from other examined cations, indicating the acceptable specificity of the method. The designed assay was appropriately utilized to detect Hg2+ ions in cosmetic samples with high efficiency. It was characterized by its low cost, ease of use, and was facile but accurate and high selective for the detection of Hg2+ ions. In addition, the portability of this probe makes it suitable for on‐site screening purposes.
Evaluating adipose‐derived stem cell exosomes as miRNA drug delivery systems for the treatment of bladder cancer
Authors: Liu Tianyao , Li Tianhang , Zheng Yufeng , Xu Xinyan , Sun Rui , Zhan Shoubin , Guo Xu , Zhao Zihan , Zhu Wenjie , Feng Baofu , Wei Fayun , Jiang Ning , Wang Jin , Chen Xi , Fang Feng , Guo Hongqian , Yang Rong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesExosomes are essential mediators of intercellular communication as they transport proteins and RNAs between cells. Owing to their tumor‐targeting capacity, immune compatibility, low toxicity, and long half‐life, mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes have great potential for the development of novel antitumor strategies. In this context, the role of exosomes produced by adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) for the treatment of bladder cancer (BC) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the use of ADSCs as a source of therapeutic exosomes, as well as their efficacy in delivering the tumor suppressor miR‐138‐5p in BC.MethodsADSCs stably expressing miR‐138‐5p were established using Lentivirus infection, and ADSC‐derived miR‐138‐5p exosomes (Exo‐miR‐138‐5p) were isolated from the cell culture medium. The effect of Exo‐miR‐138‐5p on BC cell migration, invasion, and proliferation was evaluated in vitro using wound healing, transwell invasion, and proliferation assays. The in vivo effect of Exo‐miR‐138‐5p was investigated using a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model.ResultsExo‐miR‐138‐5p prevented the migration, invasion, and proliferation of BC cells in vitro. Moreover, ADSC‐derived exosomes could penetrate tumor tissues and successfully deliver miR‐138‐5p to suppress the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo.ConclusionsThe present results reveal that ADSC‐derived exosomes are an effective delivery vehicle for small molecule drugs in vivo, and exosome‐delivered miR‐138‐5p is a promising therapeutic agent for BC treatment.
Forgotten and unforgiving
Authors: Eng Marvin H. , Fang Hao Kenith 
Published: April 2022

Key Points
Evaluating right ventricular function can be performed in multiple ways with multiple modalitis but is not performed in a standardized manner in daily clinical practice.
Right‐ventricular/pulmonary (RV/PA) coupling is a non‐invasive means of measuring right ventricular reserve by calculating the RV strain/PA systolic pressure ratio.
RV/PA coupling independently predicted 1‐year mortality in patients undergoing MitraClip in this single center retrospective study.
Neuro‐Behcet's disease presenting as solitary midbrain lesion with paroxysmal ataxia and dysarthria (PAD) case report
Authors: Sabry Safan Abeer , EL Beltagi Ahmed , El Sotouhy Ahmed , Yagan Lina , Abunaib Mohammed , Adeli Gholam 
Published: April 2022

AbstractParoxysmal dysarthria and ataxia (PDA) is a rare neurological manifestation of stereotyped attacks of sudden ataxic symptoms lasts for few seconds to minutes. We report a case of PDA in a 61‐year‐old male with a solitary homogenously enhancing solitary midbrain lesion and positive HLA‐B51 (Allele 2), controlled with lacosamide.
Erythrodermic flare‐up of psoriasis with COVID‐19 infection: A report of two cases and a comprehensive review of literature focusing on the mutual effect of psoriasis and COVID‐19 on each other along with the special challenges of the pandemic
Authors: Behrangi Elham , Sadeghzadeh‐Bazargan Afsaneh , Salimi Nastaran , Shaka Zoha , Feyz Kazemi Mohammad Hosein , Goodarzi Azadeh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has been extra challenging for patients with chronic diseases. Psoriasis is one of the chronic conditions that its treatment mostly relies on immunosuppressants. In this study, we report two cases with a long history of psoriasis that COVID‐19 infection caused them to undergo erythrodermic psoriasis.
Ectopic variceal bleeding from chronic superior mesenteric vein thrombosis after hemorrhagic pancreatitis
Authors: Flynn Kathryn , Chung Kevin , Brooke Thomas , Keung Jonathan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVarices are a common cause of gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. When ectopic, there is often a delay in diagnosis as it is difficult to localize these varices. Ectopic small bowel varices usually arise from portal hypertension, which commonly develops in the setting of cirrhosis. This case presents a much rarer cause of bleeding ectopic varices with portal hypertension secondary to chronic superior mesenteric vein (SMV) thrombosis that developed after an episode of hemorrhagic pancreatitis. An 81‐year‐old man with a past medical history of a recent GI bleeds secondary to an arteriovenous malformation presented to the hospital with continued melena after a recent admission at another hospital for the same symptom. Upper endoscopy and colonoscopy showed no evidence of active bleeding. Subsequently computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed bleeding from collaterals in the third part of the duodenum, consistent with ectopic varices. The CTA also showed SMV thrombosis. The patient underwent an ultrasound‐guided transhepatic venogram with coiling and sclerosant embolization of SMV varices and distal SMV balloon angioplasty. Capsule endoscopy after showed no evidence of further bleeding. The patient was discharged 72 h after the intervention with stabilized hemoglobin and resolved melena. Ectopic varices should be on the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with a GI bleed that remains nonlocalized after endoscopy and colonoscopy. EGD or colonoscopy is the first‐line intervention for the treatment of bleeding ectopic varices. If unreachable by these means, percutaneous coil embolization is an alternative way to stabilize the patient. As no general management guidelines exist, treatment of bleeding ectopic varices should continue to be case‐dependent and involve a multidisciplinary team.
A case of retroperitoneal abscess caused by infection of urachal remnant
Authors: Yoneda Akira , Hida Taiji , Tetsuo Hanako , Fukui Saeko , Murakami Shunsuke , Miyoshi Takayuki , Okamoto Tatsuya , Kitasato Amane , Takeshita Hiroaki , Kuroki Tamotsu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInfection of urachal remnant may cause recurrent abscesses. In the current case report, we describe a urachal remnant infection leading to a retroperitoneal abscess, which is an extremely rare condition. In such cases, the recommended treatment is urachal remnant resection.