bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS BORAK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE KOMPARATOR WARNA DARI KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH
Authors: Ajeng Nastiti Anindia , Ayun Qurrata , Malis Eko 
Published: January 2022

Banyuwangi merupakan pemasok buah naga terbesar di pulau jawa yaitu dengan mencapai 12.936 ton pada tahun 2013 (BPS Kabupaten Banyuwangi, 2013), dari jumlah sebanyak itu dapat di akumulasi total kulit buah sebanyak 2.008 – 2.343 ton dan yang sayangnya hanya dibuang sebagai sampah. Sehingga penelitian ini memanfaatkan kulit buah naga merah yang mempunyai zat warna merah (Antosianin) sebagai indikator alami borak pada makanan siap saji.
Kandungan antosianin yang tinggi pada kulit buah naga merah menjadikan pilihan sebagai indikator alami. Dengan perlakuan ekstraksi kulit buah naga merah menggunakan pelarut asam sitrat 0.4 M, waktu Maserasi 2 jam dan pada suhu 20oC menghasilkan kadar total antosianin antosianin sebanyak 12.747 ppm. Dimana hasil tersebut di peroleh menggunakan metode pH defferensi dengan menggunakan perbedaan pH, yaitu pH 1 dan pH 4.5. Pada pH 1 antosianin akan berbentuk senyawa oxonium, sedangkan pada pH 4,5 antosianin akan berbentuk karbinol yang tak berwarna. Hasil analisis sampel sosis dan cilok yang beredar di kota Banyuwangi, menunjukkan bahwa sosis yang beredar dibeberapa toko di kota Banyuwangi tidak mengandung adanya borak namun hasil analisis pada cilok yang beredar di beberapa titik jalan kota Banyuwangi mengandung adanya borak. Analisis sebelumnya dibandingkan dengan validasi yang dilakukan di dinaskelautan danPerternakan
PERBANDINGAN ASAM OKSALAT (H2C2O4) DAN TITANIUM DIOKSIDA (TiO2) PADA PROSES FOTOREDUKSI ION Fe3+
Authors: Nurhalimah Siti , Ridho Rosyid 
Published: January 2022

Dalam penelitian ini telah dipelajari pengaruh massa katalis, konsentrasi larutan FeCl3, keberadaan asam oksalat (H2C2O4) dan Titanium Dioksida (TiO2) terhadap efektivitas foto reduksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pengembangan metode foto reduksi yang dikatalis oleh asam oksalat dan titanium dioksida guna pengurangan konsentrasi ion Fe3+. Proses fotoreduksi ion Fe3+ dilakukan dalam suatu reactor tertutup yang dilengkapi lampu UV, yaitu dengan cara menyinari larutan yang terdiri dari larutan FeCl3 dan Kristal asam oksalat atau titanium dioksida, disertai pengadukan selama24 jam. Penentuan konsentrasi ion Fe3+ yang tidak tereduksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA) tehnik pembangkitan uap dingin atau Cold-Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (CV-AAS).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin banyak penggunaan fotokatalis asam oksalat dapat meningkatkan hasil foto reduksi ion Fe3+. Akan tetapi, semakin banyak penggunaan fotokatalis titanium dioksida maka dapat menurunkan hasil fotoreduksi ion Fe3+. Waktu penyinaran 24 jam adalah waktu optimal yang menghasilkan kenaikan fotoreduksi yang besar. Pada tahap konsentrasi larutan dengan massa katalis TiO2 75mg menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi larutan FeCl3, maka semakin besar efektivitas fotoreduksi. Hal ini dikarenakan kenaikan konsentrasi dapat menyebabkan peningkatan kekentalan yang diakibatkan oleh kenaikan populasi spesies ion Fe3+ dalam larutan, sehingga menghalangi tumbukan antara ion Fe3+ dengan elektron, yang mengakibatkan rendahnya fotoreduksi. Didapatkan konsentrasi larutan FeCl3 yang optimal yaitu pada 10 ppm dan FeCl3 tereduksi sebesar 96,05%. Akan tetapi pada tahap konsentrasi larutan dengan massa katalis Asam Oksalat (H2C2O4) 10 mg menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi larutan FeCl3 maka efektivitas fotoreduksi semakin rendah. Hal ini dikarenakan semakin tinggi konsentrasi larutan FeCl3 maka elektron yang dihasilkan akan semakin tinggi yang mengakibatkan efektivitas fotoreduksi semakin rendah. Didapatkan konsentrasi larutan FeCl3 yang optimal yaitu pada 5 ppm dan FeCl3 tereduksi sebesar 89 %.
PENGARUH JENIS PELARUT DALAM EKSTRAKSI DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) TERHADAP DAYA MORTALITAS LARVA (Aedes aegypti)
Authors: Larasati Tiara , Mustika Yassi Ratna , Malis Eko 
Published: January 2022

Aedes aegypti termasuk vektor dari penyakit serius seperti malaria, , demam dengue, demam berdarah dengue, filariasis, dan arbovirus yang menyebabkan masalah cukup besar. Tindakan pencegahan dari timbulnya penyakit ini salah satunya dengan memberantas sarang nyamuk dan membunuh nyamuk dewasa dengan larvasida sintetis. Ddun kelor merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki fungsi larvasida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa alami daun kelor(Moringa oleifera) pada mortalitas larva Aedes aegypti dan mengetahui pelarut yang optimum terhadap ekstraksi daun kelor (Moringa oleifera ) pada mortalitas larva Aedes aegypti.
Ekstraksi dengan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan mengambil kandungan senyawa fenolik yang terdapat pada daun kelor (Moringa oleifera), dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol, metanol, etil asetat, n-heksan, dan aquadest. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji fitokimia dan uji kuantitatif menggunakan Spektroskopi UV-Vis pada kandungan esktrak daun kelor.
Ekstrak yang paling banyak terfiltrat/ ekstraksi sebanyak 190 ml perolehan ekstraksi etanol dan metanol, sedangkan pada etil asetat dan n-heksan 165 ml lalu pada aquades 145 ml.Pada uji kualitatif fitokimia alur pengujian dilakukan mulai dari uji flavonoid dengan penambahan NaOH 10% dan membentuk jingga. pada uji alkaloid menggunakan preaksi Mayer terjadi endapan putih-bening dan pada Dragondorf hingga timbul warna jingga terang. Uji tanin menggunakan FeCl3 1% dengan hasil positif terdeteksi warna biru gelap-hitam, semua ekstrak menunjukkan hasil yang positif dalam uji ini.Data UV-VIS memberikan signal pada flavonoid terbanyak diperoleh oleh etil asetat 5,6% dan pada metanol 3,4%. Kadar tanin pada aquadest sebagai blanko sebesar 1,34%, dan terbesar pada bagian etanol mencapai 1,06%. Pemakaian ekstraksi dalam pengamatan mortalitas hidup larva memberikan hasil positif terbanyak pada ekstrak etanol, metanol, dan aquadest dengan data kematian sebesar masing- masing 6-8 ekor sedangkan pada etil asetat dan n- heksan masing-masing 1 ekor setiap counter larva. Pengamatan cukup baik dilakukan dengan efek kematian larva terhadap ekstrak
Les processus stratégiques
Authors: Garcias Frédéric 
Published: January 2022

Si les organisations sont capables d’apprendre, ne risquent-elles pas aussi d’oublier ce qu’elles ont appris ? Telle est la question, longtemps négligée en management stratégique, que se propose de traiter ce chapitre. Il aborde les risques d’érosion du répertoire de connaissances de l’organisation qui assure la stabilité des capacités organisationnelles, remettant ainsi en cause l’idée de l’irréversibilité de l’apprentissage de l’organisation. Si l’étude de l’oubli organisationnel présente des défis méthodologiques, ses enjeux pratiques méritent en effet une attention particulière. Le cas critique de l’industrie nucléaire montre notamment qu’un arrêt d’activité de longue durée altère non seulement la capacité des organisations à mener à bien leurs activités, mais affaiblit aussi leur savoir « réflexif » portant sur ce qu’elles sont capables de faire ou ne pas faire. L’oubli organisationnel pourrait toucher de nombreuses organisations contemporaines, et les travaux académiques sur le sujet n’en sont probablement qu’à leur début.
Les processus stratégiques
Authors: Laroche Hervé 
Published: January 2022

Ce chapitre porte sur les pathologies qui affectent les processus de décision stratégique des dirigeants. S’appuyant sur une littérature académique abondante sur le sujet et des exemples concrets, il met en exergue quatre types principaux de pathologies décisionnelles qui permettent de comprendre les processus viciés de la fabrication des choix stratégiques. Deux de ces pathologies relèvent d’une inertie endogène qui contraint et fait dévier les processus décisionnels (« inertie ») ou les paralyses (« indécision »), tandis que les deux autres concernent une proactivité endogène qui pousse à la démesure (« emballement ») ou au suivisme insuffisamment fondé (« imitation »).
Les processus stratégiques
Authors: Shimada Sakura 
Published: January 2022

Ce chapitre aborde la transmission intergénérationnelle comme un mécanisme de maintien des répertoires de connaissance et d’action de l’organisation. Le chapitre mobilise le concept de capacité dynamique qui permet de repérer, se saisir de, et transformer un changement ou une opportunité nouvelle. En première analyse, on pourrait penser que la transmission intergénérationnelle reconduit, voire cultive, l’inertie endogène et que les capacités dynamiques participent de la proactivité endogène. Le travail empirique et les analyses de Sakura Shimada suggèrent que les choses sont plus compliquées : la transmission intergénérationnelle régénère les répertoires existants car les jeunes arrivent avec un autre bagage, une autre expérience, une autre vision du monde et donc revisitent autant qu’ils absorbent les répertoires en place, les faisant évoluer au passage. En outre, le rafraichissement interne apporté participe d’une capacité renouvelée de proactivité endogène, y compris quand les histoires d’épopées menées par les anciens viennent alimenter les volontés intrapreneuriales et les aspirations au changement des plus jeunes.
Selected factors determining the failure to undertake physical activity in patients with multiple sclerosis in Poland
Authors: Perenc Lidia , Perenc Adam , Bartosik-Psujek Halina 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The main aim of the study was to identify selected factors that determine patients with multiple sclerosis (MS’) failure to take home therapeutic exercises (HTE) and other physical activity (OPA).

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted using a self-completed online survey that was aimed at adult people diagnosed with MS, registered on the portal TacyJakJa.pl. In total, 335 persons were involved.

Results:
Almost half of all people who completed the survey (49.9%), reported that no one encouraged them to use HTE, and only 16.1% were encouraged by their doctor. As many as 51% of the respondents reported also that no one encouraged them to undertake OPA, and only 18.5% were encouraged by their doctor. As the most important reason for not using HTE, the respondents chose fear that exercises may worsen their condition (47.3%). However, the most important reason for not using the OPA was high fatigue (61.9%). The number of people exercising at home increased with age (P = 0.013). Those surveyed with relapsing–remitting MS significantly more often (P = 0.002) took up OPA (60.7%) than the respondents with a secondary progressive MS (10.0%) and a primary progressive (4.4%).

Conclusion:
Physicians relatively rarely encourage patients with MS to undertake HTE and OPA. The patients do not perform HTE primarily because of fears of health deterioration or fatigue. Undertaking HTE is influenced by age but undertaking other forms of physical activity by the type of MS. Actions should be taken to popularize HTE and OPA, especially HTE among young patients.
Does waterpipe smoking increase the risk of Helicobacter pylori infection?
Authors: Sirkeci Özgür , Sirkeci Emel Erkuş , Ulaş Turgay 
Published: January 2022

Background:
In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether waterpipe smoking can be associated with the transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection or not.

Materials and Methods:
Between March 2018 and April 2019, 445 patients aged over 18 years old who were admitted to outpatient clinics with dyspeptic complaints were recruited for the study. Patients are divided into two groups – Group 1 is H. pylori-positive patients and Group 2 is negative. Waterpipe smoking, smoking, age, gender, and educational status were compared among groups.

Results:
Two hundred and sixty-one women (58%) and 184 men (42%), totally 445 patients, tested for H. pylori infection. Seventy-nine of 261 (30%) women and 60 of 184 (32%) men had H. pylori positive. One hundred and sixty-two of 445 (36%) patients were smoking cigarette and 66 of 445 (14%) patients were using waterpipe tobacco. Waterpipe smoking individuals were found to be associated with the H. pylori positivity (P < 0.001); whereas, age, gender, educational level, and smoking were not found to be statistically significant (all P > 0.05). In binary logistic regression analysis, waterpipe tobacco smoking was found to be the only independent predictor of H. pylori infection (P < 0.001, odds ratio = 5.51, confidence interval: 3.158–9.617).

Conclusion:
Waterpipe smoking seems to be an important risk factor for H. pylori infection and may be one of the reasons of high prevalence of H. pylori infection.
Intranasal ketamine versus intranasal fentanyl on pain management in isolated traumatic patients
Authors: Nasr Isfahani Mehdi , Shokoohi Omid , Golshani Keihan 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Given the inadequate control of pain in patients with the trauma that refer to the emergency departments, the rapid onset of action of intranasal administration in pain management, and the avoidance of administering opioid medications, the present study aimed at evaluating the effect of intranasal ketamine versus intranasal fentanyl on pain management in isolated traumatic patients.

Materials and Methods:
The current study was performed on 125 patients that were divided into the following three groups: control group (n = 41), 1 mg/kg intranasal ketamine group (n = 40), and 1 μg/kg intranasal fentanyl group (n = 44). Then pain scores, heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation were recorded at baseline, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 40 min after the intervention.

Results:
Visual analog scale (VAS) scores of patients in the intranasal ketamine group 5 and 10 min after the intervention were 61.50 ± 20.45 and 55.00 ± 21.96, respectively. The mentioned scores were significantly lower than the VAS scores of patients in the control group with the mean of 72.44 ± 22.11 and 66.59 ± 24.25 and the VAS scores of patients in the intranasal fentanyl group with the mean of 71.59 ± 22.09 and 65.00 ± 22.87 at 5 and 10 min after the intervention, respectively (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Given the onset of action in < 10 min, intranasal ketamine can be proposed as an appropriate analgesic medication in pain reduction of patients with isolated limb injuries. Moreover, the incidence rate and severity of adverse effects were insignificantly higher in the intranasal ketamine group as compared with the intranasal fentanyl group.
19 تكوين المصطلحات العربية الحديثة خلال جائحة كوفيد
Authors: Putri Rahmawati  
Published: January 2022

Language change and develop over time. The Covid-19 pandemic has at least had a positive impact on the development of the Arabic language. Many new words or terms are used to convey information related to the Covid-19 pandemic such as coronavirus, self-isolation, physical distancing, herd immunity, local transmission, cluster, lockdown, contact tracing, quarantine period, and others. Therefore, this article aims to describe the development of new Arabic terms during the Covid-19 pandemic and methods of formation Arabic terms. The descriptive-qualitative method is used in conducting this study. Moreover, the data collection techniqueused in this research is through documentation study and observation. Documentation study and observation are doneby observing the use of terms related to the Covid 19 pandemic in various media . The result of this study indicates that there is 3 process to forming new Arabic terms during the Covid-19 pandemic, such as namely translation, ta’rib, and isytiqaq. Firstly, translation is the transfer of meaning from the source language to the target language, and this method use tarkib idhafi and tarkib washfi to form new terms.Secondly, borrowing from foreign languages (ta`rîb) and thirdly, isytiqâq that is the use of old Arabic form to produce new words and terms.
(MIN 11 Banda Aceh استخدام بطاقة الرسوم في تعليم المفردات (دراسة تجريبية بــ
Authors: Zulhendra Danil 
Published: January 2022

Based on the observation at Islamic Elementary School 11 Banda Aceh, the writer found that most of the students have low level of competence in memorizing and remembering vocabulary. It is due to the lack of special media used by the teachers in teaching vocabulary. Therefore, special media, namely flash card, is required in teaching vocabulary to help the students in memorizing vocabulary. The use of flash cards plays important role in learning vocabulary. The purpose of this research is to identify theeffectiviness of using flash cards to improve students’ ability in vocabulary learning at Islamic Elementary School 11 Banda Aceh. This researchuseaqualitative approach to the type of experimental study, and the instrument used in this research were test (pre-test and pos-test). Base on result of the research it was found the use of usingflash cardseffective to improve students’ ability in vocabulary learning at the Islamic Elementary School 11 Banda Aceh, because the researcher found that the result of calculation is large than the result of T-Table (9,30 > 2,05).
HIPNOTERAPIA COMO TRATAMENTO ANALGÉSICO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Leite Barros Aline Leite Barros , Viana Monteiro Andreza Viana Monteiro , Tiburtino Lacerda Araújo Fonseca Fabrício Tiburtino Lacerda de Araújo Fonseca , Gomes Ferreira Jysllayny Gomes Ferreira , Henrique Medeiros Loureiro Victor Henrique Medeiros Loureiro , Nunes Alves de Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de Sousa 
Published: January 2022

A hipnose vem sendo cada vez mais indicada como adjuvante para o tratamento da dor, pois pode ter efeito analgésico e melhorar a qualidade de vida, principalmente quando se fala de pacientes com dor crônica. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes com dor crônica em uso de hipnoterapia em relação ao tratamento medicamentoso analgésico. A partir dos Descritores Controlados em Saúde em inglês "Chronic Pain", "Hypnosis", "Analgesia" e "Quality of Life" foi realizada uma busca seguindo o sistema PRISMA nas seguintes bases de dados: National Library of Medicine, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Portal da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, EBSCO HOST e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Utilizou-se o sistema GRADE para avaliar o nível de evidência dos artigos selecionados, sendo todos os cinco classificados com nível de evidência moderado. Tendo em vista resultados positivos da hipnose para diminuição da dor em pacientes com dores crônicas, conclui-se que a hipnoterapia, em comparação com o tratamento analgésico medicamentoso, tem efetividade em relação à melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes, além de haver uma diminuição dos níveis de ansiedade e de depressão dos grupos avaliados, no entanto ainda são escassos o número publicações acerca do tema em questão, havendo a necessidade de ampliar os estudos e elevar o nível de evidência das pesquisas.

Palavras-chave: Dor Crônica; Hipnose; Qualidade de Vida; Analgesia.
Neuropathologic damage induced by radiofrequency ablation at different temperatures &ndash; An Experimental Study
Authors: Su Li 
Published: January 2022

<p><strong>Background and Objective:</strong> Radiofrequency ablation is a safe and less invasive technique that uses an electric current to damage nerve tissue to stop it from sending pain signals. This study was aimed to determine the molecular mechanism of neuropathologic damage induced by radiofrequency ablation at different temperatures.</p>
<p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 36 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used as model with neuropathological injury. These rats were divided into 6 groups based on temperature stimulation at 42℃, 47℃, 52℃, 57℃, 62℃ and 67℃. Conduction time, distance and velocity were recorded after thermal injury. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of sciatic nerve. Neural ion channel proteins such as Sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9 (SCN9A), Sodium channel B3 subunit (SCN3B) and Neurofascin (NFASC) expression &nbsp;in sciatic nerve tissue was &nbsp;detected by Western Blot.</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> Nerve conduction velocity gradually decreased with the increase in temperature and neuronal damage was seen at 67℃. H&amp; E staining showed increased degeneration of neurons with an increase in temperature from 47℃ to 67℃. SCN9A and SCN3B expression at 57℃, 62℃, and 67℃ was much higher however, NFASC expression was lower at the same temperatures.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Neuropathological damage caused by RFA at different temperatures shows&nbsp; &nbsp;positive correlation with nerve conduction velocity. Heat transfer injury affects the expression of SCN9A, SCN3B and NFASC in sciatic nerve tissue.</p>
Clinical outcomes of open surgical gastrostomy in patients with obstructive head and neck and esophageal carcinoma: a retrospective audit from Khyber Pukhtunkhwa
Authors: Falah Sheikh Qais , Bashir Iram , Shams Asif , Marwat Arshad Ali , Alam Aftab 
Published: January 2022

<p><strong>Background and Objective: </strong>Gastrostomy feeding is a well-established procedure for enteral feeding of patients having obstructive malignancy of head and neck (includes oral cavity, pharynx and larynx) and esophagus. This study aimed to assess the mortality and other complications associated with open surgical gastrostomy (OSG) performed under local anesthesia.</p>
<p><strong>Methods:&nbsp; </strong>Patients having cancer of head and neck and esophagus who underwent open surgical gastrostomy for feeding purposes at surgical unit, Mufti Mehmood Memorial Teaching Hospital (MMMTH), Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa from January 2013 till December 2019 were included in this study. The patients with lower esophageal cancer involving stomach were excluded from the study. The gastrostomy procedure was performed under local anesthesia. Patients were discharged on 4th to 6th postoperative day after feeding per gastrostomy was fully established. The patients were checked for any complications in ward and during follow up visits on 10th and 30th day postoperatively.</p>
<p><strong>Results: </strong>This study was<strong> </strong>conducted on 30 consecutive patients fulfilling selection criteria. One patient died in the ward while one patient died after getting discharged in first 30 days postoperatively. Thus, the mortality rate was 6.66 % (n = 2). Regarding minor complications, two patients (6.66 %) had tube blockage, three (10 %) developed peri-catheter infection while the tube got dislodged in one patient (3.33 %).</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Open surgical gastrostomy under local anesthesia is a safe and easy procedure with low rate of complications.</p>
<p><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </strong></p>