bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EMP80 mediates the C‐to‐U editing of nad7 and atp4 and interacts with ZmDYW2 in maize mitochondria
Authors: Zhao Jiao , Cao Shi‐Kai , Li Xiu‐Lan , Liu Rui , Sun Feng , Jiang Rui‐Cheng , Xu Chunhui , Tan Bao‐Cai 
Published: March 2022

Summary

RNA C‐to‐U editing is important to the expression and function of organellar genes in plants. Although several families of proteins have been identified to participate in this process, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood.

Here we report the function of EMP80 in the C‐to‐U editing at the nad7‐769 and atp4‐118 sites, and the potential recruitment of ZmDYW2 as a trans deaminase in maize (Zea mays) mitochondria.

Loss of EMP80 function arrests embryogenesis and endosperm development in maize. EMP80 is a PPR‐E+ protein localised to mitochondria. An absence of EMP80 abolishes the C‐to‐U RNA editing at nad7‐769 and atp4‐118 sites, resulting in a cysteine‐to‐arginine (Cys→Arg) change in Nad7 and Atp4 in the emp80 mutant. The amino acid change consequently reduces the assembly of complexes I and V, leading to an accumulation of the F1 subcomplex of complex V. EMP80 was found to interact with atypical DYW‐type PPR protein ZmDYW2, which interacts with ZmNUWA.

Co‐expression of ZmNUWA enhances the interaction between EMP80 and ZmDYW2, suggesting that EMP80 potentially recruits ZmDYW2 as a trans deaminase through protein–protein interaction, and ZmNUWA may function as an enhancer of this interaction.
A primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma case report and literature review. The new WHO classification
Authors: Maglione Michele , Bussani Rossana , Camurri Piloni Nicolò , Bevilacqua Lorenzo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimCyst‐like lesions in the mandible rarely develop into malignancies, and the reported incidence is between 0.3% and 2%. The present study describes a rare case of primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma of the mandible arising from an odontogenic cyst.Materials and MethodsAn 80‐year‐old male was referred to Trieste University Maggiore Hospital (Trieste, Italy), with acute pain in the left retromolar area.An initial examination revealed extra oral swelling without paresthesia of the IAN. Following an intraoral examination, the oral mucosa was edematous, percussion pain was experienced on the lower left second molar. Panoramic radiography revealed a retained lower left wisdom tooth and an irregular radiolucent area between the lower left second molar and the mandibular angle with clear margins. Computed tomography revealed diffuse bone resorption and an extensive loss of cortical bone on the lingual side.ResultsA biopsy was performed during the surgery to remove the second lower left molar and the wisdom tooth, the pathological diagnosis was of squamous cell carcinoma arising from the epithelial lining of the odontogenic cyst. MRI with contrast agent was also performed. Shortly after the patient has been proposed a complete resective surgery of the mass including the infiltrated areas and then a reconstructive part to restore the function and aesthetic.ConclusionThe follow‐up of a large inflammatory cyst is essential for early diagnosis of malignant neoplasm. This approach allows lower invasive treatments and major survival of these patients.
Targeted suppression of gibberellin biosynthetic genes ZmGA20ox3 and ZmGA20ox5 produces a short stature maize ideotype
Authors: Paciorek Tomasz , Chiapelli Brandi J. , Wang Joan Yiqiong , Paciorek Marta , Yang Heping , Sant Anagha , Val Dale L. , Boddu Jayanand , Liu Kang , Gu Chiyu , Brzostowski Lillian F. , Wang Huai , Allen Edwards M. , Dietrich Charles R. , Gillespie Kelly M. , Edwards Janice , Goldshmidt Alexander , Neelam Anil , Slewinski Thomas L. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryMaize is one of the world’s most widely cultivated crops. As future demands for maize will continue to rise, fields will face ever more frequent and extreme weather patterns that directly affect crop productivity. Development of environmentally resilient crops with improved standability in the field, like wheat and rice, was enabled by shifting the architecture of plants to a short stature ideotype. However, such architectural change has not been implemented in maize due to the unique interactions between gibberellin (GA) and floral morphology which limited the use of the same type of mutations as in rice and wheat. Here, we report the development of a short stature maize ideotype in commercial hybrid germplasm, which was generated by targeted suppression of the biosynthetic pathway for GA. To accomplish this, we utilized a dominant, miRNA‐based construct expressed in a hemizygous state to selectively reduce expression of the ZmGA20ox3 and ZmGA20ox5 genes that control GA biosynthesis primarily in vegetative tissues. Suppression of both genes resulted in the reduction of GA levels leading to inhibition of cell elongation in internodal tissues, which reduced plant height. Expression of the miRNA did not alter GA levels in reproductive tissues, and thus, the reproductive potential of the plants remained unchanged. As a result, we developed a dominant, short‐stature maize ideotype that is conducive for the commercial production of hybrid maize. We expect that the new maize ideotype would enable more efficient and more sustainable maize farming for a growing world population.
The status of chronic lung disease diagnosis in Japan: Secondary publication
Authors: Ito Masato , Tomotaki Seiichi , Isayama Tetsuya , Hara Hiroko , Hirata Katsuya , Arai Hirokazu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn Japan, the definition and classification of neonatal chronic lung disease (CLD) used for its diagnosis are a combination of those used in Japan and abroad.MethodsTo clarify the current state of CLD diagnosis, a questionnaire survey was conducted.ResultsHalf of the patients of the medical centers included in the study were diagnosed with CLD in real time, while the other half were diagnosed after discharge. In addition, in approximately 70% of the facilities, diagnosis was made after discussions various among medical teams. In approximately 80% of the centers, the chest radiography used for CLD diagnosis were evaluated by multiple doctors. Furthermore, some centers used chest X‐rays that were taken at approximately 28 days of age for CLD diagnosis, whereas at other facilities, diagnosis was made regardless of time at which the chest radiography were obtained. Only a small number of centers have established criteria for determining the necessity of oxygen at the corrected age of 36 weeks, and the target saturation of peripheral oxygen levels also tend to vary for each facility. Whether the conditions wherein the patient receives respiratory support for apnea or respiratory tract diseases should be considered as CLD also differed among the facilities.ConclusionsIt is necessary to reassess the definition and classification of CLD in Japan to accurately evaluate and improve the quality of respiratory management based on the long‐term prognosis.
Insights into sugar metabolism during bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) fruit development
Authors: Samkumar Amos , Karppinen Katja , Dhakal Binita , Martinussen Inger , Jaakola Laura 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBilberry fruit is regarded as one of the best natural sources of anthocyanins and is widely explored for its health‐beneficial compounds. Besides anthocyanins, one of the major attributes that determine the berry quality is the accumulation of sugars that provide sweetness and flavor to ripening fruit. In this study, we have identified 25 sugar metabolism‐related genes in bilberry, including invertases (INVs), hexokinases (HKs), fructokinases (FKs), sucrose synthases (SSs), sucrose phosphate synthases (SPSs), and sucrose phosphate phosphatases (SPPs). The results indicate that isoforms of the identified genes are expressed differentially during berry development, suggesting specialized functions. The highest sugar content was found in ripe berries, with fructose and glucose dominating accompanied by low sucrose amount. The related enzyme activities during berry development and ripening were further analyzed to understand the molecular mechanism of sugar accumulation. The activity of INVs in the cell wall and vacuole increased toward ripe berries. Amylase activity involved in starch metabolism was not detected in unripe berries but was found in ripe berries. Sucrose resynthesizing SS enzyme activity was detected upon early ripening and had the highest activity in ripe berries. Interestingly, our transcriptome data showed that supplemental irradiation with red and blue light triggered upregulation of several sugar metabolism‐related genes, including α‐ and β‐amylases. Also, differential expression patterns in responses to red and blue light were found across sucrose, galactose, and sugar‐alcohol metabolism. Our enzymological and transcriptional data provide new understanding of the bilberry fruit sugar metabolism having major effect on fruit quality.
The phytohormone abscisic acid modulates protein carbonylation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Jaballi Amal , Missihoun Tagnon D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProtein carbonylation is a post‐translational modification associated with the reactive oxygen species. It results from the direct oxidation of the side chains of Lys, Arg, Pro, and Thr residues by hydroxyl radical HO• or the addition of reactive carbonyl species including α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes and oxylipins to the side chain of Cys, His, and Lys. Recent findings indicated that the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) induces the production of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes that modulate the effect of ABA on stomatal closure. This indicated that α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes might mediate ABA signaling. In this study, we investigated the ABA‐induced protein carbonylation events by profiling the carbonylated proteome extracted from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves after ABA treatment. The carbonylated proteins were enriched by affinity chromatography and subjected to liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 180 carbonylated proteins. Of these, 26 proteins became carbonylated upon ABA treatment, whereas 163 proteins that were carbonylated in untreated samples were no longer detected in the ABA‐treated samples, which points to dynamic control of protein carbonylation by ABA in A. thaliana. A few regulatory stress‐related proteins and enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the aspartate family of amino acids were overrepresented in the list of proteins, which the carbonylation status changed between untreated and ABA‐treated samples. These results indicated that ABA triggers a change in the pattern of protein carbonylation in A. thaliana. This change is independent of the commonly seen increased levels of carbonylated proteins in the plants subjected to deadly stress conditions.
The miR159‐MYB33‐ABI5 module regulates seed germination in Arabidopsis
Authors: Jiang Youqi , Wu Xi , Shi Min , Yu Jing , Guo Changkui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDrought stress restricts crop productivity and exacerbates food shortages. The plant hormone, abscisic acid (ABA), has been shown to be a pivotal player in the regulation of drought tolerance and seed germination in plants. ABA accumulates under abiotic stresses to promote miR159 expression. miR159 is an ancient and conserved plant miRNA that plays diverse roles in plant development, seed germination, and drought response in Arabidopsis. Our previous studies demonstrated that miR159 regulates the vegetative phase change by repressing the ABI5 activation and thereafter preventing hyperactivation of miR156. However, whether the miR159‐MYB33‐ABI5 module plays a role in seed germination and drought response, and if so, how they interact genetically, remain largely unexplored. Here, we show that loss‐of‐function of miR159 (mir159ab) confers enhanced drought tolerance and hypersensitivity of seed germination to ABA. Genetic analyses demonstrated that loss‐of‐function mutation in the ABI5 gene suppresses the hypersensitivity of mir159ab to ABA, and the insensitivity of myb33 seeds to ABA treatment is ABI5 dependent. ABI5 functions downstream of MYB33 and miR159 in response to ABA. Therefore, our results uncover a new role for the miR159‐MYB33‐ABI5 module in the regulation of drought response and seed germination in plants.
Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in oral and orodigestive squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lamont Richard J. , Fitzsimonds Zackary R. , Wang Huizhi , Gao Shegan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOral and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas harbor a diverse microbiome that differs compositionally from precancerous and healthy tissues. Though causality is yet to be definitively established, emerging trends implicate periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis as associated with the cancerous state. Moreover, infection with P. gingivalis correlates with a poor prognosis, and P. gingivalis is oncopathogenic in animal models. Mechanistically, properties of P. gingivalis that have been established in vitro and could promote tumor development include induction of a dysbiotic inflammatory microenvironment, inhibition of apoptosis, increased cell proliferation, enhanced angiogenesis, activation of epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, and production of carcinogenic metabolites. The microbial community context is also relevant to oncopathogenicity, and consortia of P. gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum are synergistically pathogenic in oral cancer models in vivo. In contrast, oral streptococci, such as Streptococcus gordonii, can antagonize protumorigenic epithelial cell phenotypes induced by P. gingivalis, indicating functionally specialized roles for bacteria in oncogenic communities. Consistent with the notion of the bacterial community constituting the etiologic unit, metatranscriptomic data indicate that functional, rather than compositional, properties of the tumor‐associated communities have more relevance to cancer development. A consistent association of P. gingivalis with oral and orodigestive carcinoma could have diagnostic potential for early detection of these conditions that have a high incidence and low survival rates.
Periodontitis, chronic liver diseases, and the emerging oral‐gut‐liver axis
Authors: Albuquerque‐Souza Emmanuel , Sahingur Sinem E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe liver carries out a wide range of functions ranging from the control of metabolites, nutrient storage, and detoxification to immunosurveillance. While inflammation is essential for the tissue remodeling and maintenance of homeostasis and normal liver physiology, constant exposure to dietary and microbial products creates a niche for potentially prolonged immune activation and unresolved inflammation in susceptible host. Failure to restrain inflammation can lead to development of chronic liver diseases characterized by fibrosis, cirrhosis and eventually liver failure. The liver maintains close interactions with numerous organs which can influence its metabolism and physiology. It is also known that oral cavity microenvironment can influence the physiological conditions of other organs and emerging evidence implicates that this could be true for the liver as well. Presence of chronic inflammation and dysbiotic microbiota is a common feature leading to clinical pathology both in periodontitis and chronic liver diseases (CLDs). In fact, known CLDs appear to have some relationship with periodontitis, which impacts the onset or progression of these conditions in a bidirectional crosstalk. In this review, we explore the emerging association between oral‐gut‐liver axis focusing on periodontitis and common CLDs including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular cancer. We highlight the immune pathways and oral microbiome interactions which can link oral cavity and liver health and offer perspectives for future research.
Viruses, periodontitis, and comorbidities
Authors: Teles Flavia , Collman Ronald G. , Mominkhan Dana , Wang Yu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSeminal studies published in the 1990s and 2000s explored connections between periodontal diseases and systemic conditions, revealing potential contributions of periodontal diseases in the initiation or worsening of systemic conditions. The resulting field of periodontal medicine led to the publication of studies indicating that periodontal diseases can influence the risk of systemic conditions, including adverse pregnancy outcomes, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, as well as Alzheimer disease and cancers. In general, these studies hypothesized that the periodontal bacterial insult and/or the associated proinflammatory cascade could contribute to the pathogenesis of these systemic diseases. While investigations of the biological basis of the connections between periodontal diseases and systemic conditions generally emphasized the bacteriome, it is also biologically plausible, under an analogous hypothesis, that other types of organisms may have a similar role. Human viruses would be logical “suspects” in this role, given their ubiquity in the oral cavity, association with periodontal diseases, and ability to elicit strong inflammatory response, compromise immune responses, and synergize with bacteria in favor of a more pathogenic microbial consortium. In this review, the current knowledge of the role of viruses in connecting periodontal diseases and systemic conditions is examined. We will also delve into the mechanistic basis for such connections and highlight the importance of those relationships in the management and treatment of patients.
Activin A attenuates apoptosis of granulosa cells in atretic follicles through ERβ‐induced autophagy
Authors: Liu Ning , Wang Shiyou , Yao Qichun , Li Yuanyou , Hu Hai , Tang Xiaorong , Ran Haohan , Price Christopher A. , Jiang Zhongliang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIt is well known that approximately 99% of ovarian follicles in mammals suffer from a degenerative process known as atresia, which is a huge waste of genetic resource in female animals. Studies have shown that activin A (ACT‐A) is located in ovarian granulosa cells and has different effects in granulosa cell depending on species. Although granulosa cells play a critical role during follicular atresia, the mechanism of action of ACT‐A in bovine ovarian granulosa cells (BGC) is poorly understood. In this study, we first determined the apoptosis of BGCs isolated from growth follicles and atretic follicles respectively. Then, BGC isolated from atretic follicles were used as a model to elucidate the role of ACT‐A in cattle ovary. The results showed that apoptosis occurred in both growing follicles and atretic follicles, and the percentage of apoptotic cells in atretic follicles was higher than that in growing follicles. The current results indicated that ACT‐A can attenuate apoptosis of BGC by maintaining the function of BGC in atretic follicles. Increased ERβ induced by ACT‐A promoted BGC autophagy but had no effect on apoptosis. In summary, this study suggests that ACT‐A attenuates BGC apoptosis in atretic follicles by ERβ‐mediated autophagy signalling.
Comparative transcriptome analysis identifies important maternal molecules and associated biological pathways for pig and human mature oocytes
Authors: Fang Ting , Wu Zi‐Wei , Wang Yi , Wang Fang , Du Zhi‐Qiang , Yang Cai‐Xia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent researches reveal that during oocyte maturation, species‐specific molecular profile exists and has important functional roles. However, molecular differences between pig (a larger animal model for human reproduction) and human mature oocytes remain unknown. Here, by comparative transcriptome analyses of single‐cell RNA‐seq data, we aimed to identify the common and unique maternal factors and associated biological processes between in vivo and in vitro matured pig oocytes, and between in vitro matured human and pig oocytes. Annotated protein‐coding mRNAs were identified in pig in vivo (11,147) and in vitro (11,997), and human in vitro (14,491) MII oocytes, respectively. For in vivo and in vitro derived pig MII oocytes, 10,551 annotated maternal mRNAs were common, mainly enriched in signalling pathways such as cell cycle, oocyte meiosis, microtubule cytoskeleton, MAPK, RNA processing/binding. Besides, in vivo (596) and in vitro (1446) pig MII‐specific mRNAs and their involved signalling pathways (in vivo: Bmp, calcium‐mediated signalling, PI3K‐Akt; in vitro: growth factor activity, JAK‐STAT, cytokine‐cytokine receptor interaction, calcium signalling pathway) were also found. As for in vitro derived human and pig MII oocytes, 10,285 annotated mRNAs were common, enriched in a variety of signalling pathways (cell cycle, oocyte meiosis, microtubule, AMPK, RNA splicing, protein serine/threonine kinase activity, etc). In vitro MII‐specific mRNAs were found for humans (4206) and pigs (1712), which were also enriched in species‐specific signalling pathways (humans: golgi‐related terms, transcription repressor and hormone activity; pigs: ATP biosynthetic process, G protein‐coupled peptide receptor activity, animoacyl‐tRNA biosynthesis), respectively. These findings improve our understanding on oocyte maturation, and also the limitations of pig model for human oocyte maturation and fertilization.
Identifying scenarios and risk factors for Q fever outbreaks using qualitative analysis of expert opinion
Authors: Tan Tabita Su‐En , Hernandez‐Jover Marta , Hayes Lynne Maree , Wiethoelter Anke Katrin , Firestone Simon Matthew , Stevenson Mark Anthony , Heller Jane 
Published: March 2022

AbstractQ fever is an important zoonotic disease perceived to be an occupational hazard for those working with livestock. Outbreaks involving large numbers of people are uncommon, but the increasing case incidence coupled with changing environmental and industry conditions that promote transmission of Q fever has raised concerns that large and serious outbreaks could become more frequent. The aim of this study was to use expert opinion to better understand how large Q fever outbreaks might occur in an Australian context and to document factors believed to be drivers of disease transmission. Focus groups were conducted with human and animal health professionals across several Australian states. All discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim and imported into NVIVO for thematic analysis. Four anthropogenic risk factors (disease awareness, industry practices, land use, human behaviour) and three ecological risk factors (physical environment, agent dissemination, animal hosts) emerged from the data. Analysis of expert opinions pointed to the existence of numerous scenarios in which Q fever outbreaks could occur, many of which depict acquisition in the wider community outside of traditional at‐risk occupations. This perception of the expansion of Q fever from occupational‐acquisition to community‐acquisition is driven by greater overarching economic, political and socio‐cultural influences that govern the way in which people live and work. Findings from this study highlight that outbreaks are complex phenomena that involve the convergence of diverse elements, not just that of the pathogen and host, but also the physical, political and socioeconomic environments in which they interact. A review of the approaches to prevent and manage Q fever outbreaks will require a multisectorial approach and strengthening of community education, communication and engagement so that all stakeholders become an integrated part of outbreak mitigation and response.