bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A protocol for a systematic review of standardised tools used in perinatal death review programmes
Authors: O'Connor Emily , Greene Richard , O'Donoghue Keelin , Leitao Sara 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Perinatal mortality encompasses stillbirths and early neonatal deaths. A perinatal death surveillance and response cycle has been recommended by the World Health Organization for use in the review of perinatal deaths. The main components of the cycle include identifying and reporting perinatal deaths, and reviewing the deaths, including potentially modifiable factors, in order to measure and improve quality of care provided to women and infants. There is no consensus on the best way to design, implement and conduct perinatal death reviews. This systematic review aims to identify standardised tools that are used to review perinatal deaths. Objectives: The primary aim of this protocol is to describe methodology for a systematic search of the literature to identify standardised tools that are used to review perinatal deaths in upper-middle to high-income countries. Review tools may include standardised checklists, forms, frameworks or other structured documents used to review perinatal deaths. Review tools will be appraised to see if they incorporate the identification of modifiable factors in perinatal deaths and establish recommendations for improvements to quality of care provided. Methods: A systematic review of the literature will be performed to identify peer-reviewed publications and grey literature describing the use of perinatal mortality review tools without date restrictions. The eligibility of review tools for inclusion will be based on inclusion and exclusion criteria applied to the SPIDER framework. Data will be extracted based on the structure and content of included review tools, and the tools will be appraised using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation Health Systems (AGREE-HS) instrument. Conclusion: This systematic review protocol for identifying and appraising standardised perinatal mortality review tools may help to establish the optimal way to structure a standardised review process for perinatal mortality in middle- to high-income countries. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022326877
Modified body – symbol of risk or resources?
Authors: Lammek Mateusz 
Published: July 2022

Cel pracyTatuaż i kolczykowanie ciała stają się coraz bardziej popularne. Psychologiczne podejście do takich modyfikacji ciała wciąż pozostaje heterogeniczne. Celem niniejszej replikacji było oszacowanie poziomu satysfakcji z życia i samooceny oraz ujawnienie subiektywnie doświadczanych objawów zaburzeń zdrowia psychicznego u osób, które deklarowały posiadanie tatuażu i/lub piercingu w trakcie epidemii koronawirusa.MetodaBadania zostały przeprowadzone w okresie od kwietnia do czerwca 2020 w formie on-line. Uczestnicy (N = 557) byli w wieku 15-68 lat.WynikiNie stwierdzono istotnych różnic w postrzeganej satysfakcji z życia, samoocenie i ocenie zdrowia psychicznego pomiędzy osobami z modyfikacjami ciała i bez nich. Ujawnione różnice w wymiarach samooceny oraz ilości subiektywnie odczuwanych objawów depresji okazały się mieć charakter przypadkowy.WnioskiWszyscy uczestnicy badania (niezależnie od posiadania modyfikacji ciała) mieli świadomość posiadania i umięjętności wykorzystania zasobów osobistych, by radzić sobie z sytuacją pandemii COVID-19. Modyfikacje ciała nie należy traktować jako czynnik ryzyka. Szczególnie wśród osób wytatuowanych wraz ze wzrostem satysfakcji z życia wzrastała samoocena funkcjonowania psychologicznego.
Neurological and neuropsychological post-covid complications
Authors: Mielniczek Katarzyna , Kowalska Aleksandra , Jóźwik Katarzyna , Lipiec Marta , Dołomisiewicz Diana 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 is an acute respiratory disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It attacks the respiratory system in particular, however, it can also lead to gastrointestinal or neurological diseases. The disease leads to numerous neurological complications.
Material and method: the purpose of this study is to review the neurological and neuropsychological complications that have arisen as a result of COVID-19 outbreak. The literature available on the PubMed scientific platform was reviewed. Time descriptors were set for 2020-2022.
Results: Neurological symptoms are mainly due to cerebral hypoxia due to respiratory failure. These include encephalitis, meningitis, encephalopathies, seizures, disorders of consciousness, smell, taste and vision, among others. Neuropsychological complications can also occur.
Conclusions: Pulmonary abnormalities, neurological complications and exercise intolerance were frequently identified complications among COVID-19 survivors. The main neurological symptoms reported were fatigue, concentration changes, memory loss, and sleep disturbances. In contrast, the longest-lasting complications were fatigue, loss of concentration or memory, weakness, pain and dizziness.
Keywords: "COVID-19", "postcovid neurological symptoms", "neurological complications".
Routine fixation of humeral shaft fractures is cost-effective
Authors: Oliver William M. , Molyneux Samuel G. , White Timothy O. , Clement Nick D. , Duckworth Andrew D. 
Published: July 2022

Aims The primary aim was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of routine operative fixation for all patients with humeral shaft fractures. The secondary aim was to estimate the health economic implications of using a Radiographic Union Score for HUmeral fractures (RUSHU) of < 8 to facilitate selective fixation for patients at risk of nonunion. Methods From 2008 to 2017, 215 patients (mean age 57 yrs (17 to 18), 61% female (n = 130/215)) with a nonoperatively managed humeral diaphyseal fracture were retrospectively identified. Union was achieved in 77% (n = 165/215) after initial nonoperative management, with 23% (n = 50/215) uniting after surgery for nonunion. The EuroQol five-dimension three-level health index (EQ-5D-3L) was obtained via postal survey. Multiple regression was used to determine the independent influence of patient, injury, and management factors upon the EQ-5D-3L. An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of < £20,000 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained was considered cost-effective. Results At a mean of 5.4 yrs (1.2 to 11.0), the mean EQ-5D-3L was 0.736 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.697 to 0.775). Adjusted analysis demonstrated the EQ-5D-3L was inferior among patients who united after nonunion surgery (β = 0.103; p = 0.032). Offering routine fixation to all patients to reduce the rate of nonunion would be associated with increased treatment costs of £1,542/patient, but would confer a potential EQ-5D-3L benefit of 0.120/patient over the study period. The ICER of routine fixation was £12,850/QALY gained. Selective fixation based on a RUSHU < 8 at six weeks post-injury would be associated with reduced treatment costs (£415/patient), and would confer a potential EQ-5D-3L benefit of 0.335 per ‘at-risk patient’. Conclusion Routine fixation for patients with humeral shaft fractures to reduce the rate of nonunion observed after nonoperative management appears to be a cost-effective intervention at five years post-injury. Selective fixation for patients at risk of nonunion based on their RUSHU may confer even greater cost-effectiveness, given the potential savings and improvement in health-related quality of life. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(7):566–572.
Teaching English to the rythm of the brain
Authors: Edjidjimo Madua Aurélie 
Published: July 2022

Efficiently teaching and learning languages becomes increasingly important especially when it comes to the English language. Education systems should be able to equip students with adequate tools and skills required to face this world. However, they still have some room for improvement to achieve that purpose. This article seeks to contribute to the enhancement of the teaching-learning process of English by considering neuroscience discoveries. It is a bibliographic review providing neuroscience-based findings to help teachers facilitate the learning of foreign languages. Advances in neurotechnology have allowed neuroscientists to directly observe the functioning of the human brain. In this context lies the interdisciplinary field of neuroeducation. It specialises at serving education by providing relevant brain evidence. This study found that teachers should stimulate motivation, attention, emotions, and memory to help their students process and learn English. The present study concerns the teaching of high school students. With adolescents, teachers should consider the importance of reducing stress, promoting the reward system, using variety in their teaching, strengthening working memory, and fostering social interaction as well as a growth mindset. Looking at language in the brain, it appears that both hemispheres are involved in the language process which seems to stress the importance to provide for a rich multimodal learning environment. Besides, both the declarative and procedural memory are memory systems underlying language acquisition. However, adolescents have a stronger declarative memory. It entails that language teachers should appeal to the latter while allowing for the development of the procedural memory. In the light of the findings, this study produces a guide which exemplifies the incorporation of neuroscience principles within a standard English lesson. It leads teachers to consider neuroscience findings and operate intentionally. Creating a learning environment where teachers instruct at the rhythm of the brain and students’ skills are optimised.
Evaluación de las funciones ejecutivas mediante rúbricas
Authors: Muchiut Álvaro Federico , Vaccaro Paola , Cochatok Díaz Silvana , Roskiewich Romina , Horacio Passamani Ariel , Emmanuel Sosa Sixto , Vallejos Belén 
Published: July 2022

Desde el enfoque ecológico de la neurodidáctica, se presenta una experiencia de uso de rúbricas como práctica pedagógica para la valoración del funcionamiento ejecutivo en estudiantes de nivel secundario. Se exponen las diferentes estrategias implementadas en los espacios curriculares de Música y Educación Tecnológica, Antropología Social y Cultural, Inglés Elemental e Historia, con adolescentes de 4° y 5° año, y el relevamiento de las funciones ejecutivas de memoria de trabajo, planificación, organización, toma de decisiones y flexibilidad cognitiva en dichos espacios. Se concluye que las rúbricas constituyen un método de evaluación formativa que facilita la retroalimentación para con el/la estudiante en la construcción del conocimiento, a la vez que promueven acciones inter y transdisciplinarias entre los espacios curriculares, brinda claridad en la transmisión de contenidos y estimulan el aprendizaje significativo reforzando los procesos autorregulatorios; para los que las FE son una pieza clave. Aplicar las rúbricas para valorar las FE se presenta entonces como una propuesta innovadora para ser explorada con mayor profundidad en futuras investigaciones.
¿De qué hablamos cuando hablamos de metacognición en el aula?
Authors: Goldstein Julieta , Calero Dra. Cecilia Inés 
Published: July 2022

El propósito de este artículo de revisión es profundizar, a partir del relevamiento de la evidencia empírica existente, el estado del arte de la habilidad metacognitiva en el contexto de la educación.
La habilidad metacognitiva ha sido postulada como un aspecto central de la cognición humana dentro del ámbito académico dado que su desarrollo permite reconocer eficientemente qué es lo que uno sabe, lo que uno no sabe y qué estrategias debería evaluar para acceder a aquello que busca aprender. De este modo, una metacognición desarrollada prepararía a los y las estudiantes para acceder de forma más explícita a su propio proceso de aprendizaje, siendo ésta, por ejemplo, una clave para procesos como ‘aprender a aprender’. Es entonces que entender el rol de los procesos metacognitivos y su relación con la escuela se vuelve crucial.
En consecuencia, el presente artículo plantea un recorrido en tres pasos: Primero, se presenta la definición marco de metacognición que se utilizará en la revisión y cómo ocurre su desarrollo desde la infancia hasta la adultez. A continuación, se evalúa la relación entre ésta y otros constructos relacionados, como ser el optimismo, las funciones ejecutivas y la teoría de la mente. Para finalizar, se discuten las posibles implicancias y las herramientas accesibles para la enseñanza y el desarrollo de la habilidad metacognitiva en el ámbito escolar.
Risk of seroconversion and seroreversion of antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis pgp3 in a longitudinal cohort of children in a low trachoma prevalence district in Tanzania
Authors: Chen Xinyi , Munoz Beatriz , Mkocha Harran , Gaydos Charlotte A. , Dize Laura , Quinn Thomas C. , West Sheila K. 
Published: July 2022

Background
Serologic testing for chlamydial antibodies is one potential tool for trachoma monitoring. Understanding the dynamics of seroconversion and seroreversion in low endemic districts is critical for determining the value of using serology.

Methodology/Principal findings
We surveyed a random sample of 2536 children aged 1–9 years in Kongwa, Tanzania, over three years; 1719 (67.8%) participants had all three follow-ups. Surveys assessed trachomatous inflammation—follicular (TF), Chlamydia trachomatis infection, and anti-pgp3 antibodies. Mass drug administration occurred immediately after the first and second follow-up surveys. The cohort was classified into trajectories of change in serostatus, and risk factors were evaluated for seroconversion and seroreversion. We found that 86.2% of seropositives remained seropositive throughout the study, whereas 12.1% seroreverted. Seroreverters were younger (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.88 for every one-year increase in age, 95% CI = 0.79–0.99). 84.5% of seronegatives remained seronegative, and 13.0% seroconverted. Seroconverters were also younger (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.87–0.98). Seroconversion and seroreversion were not explained by indeterminate values for the intensity of antibody response. Less than 1% of the cohort had unstable changes in serostatus, mostly explained by values in the indeterminate range. TF and infection in the cohort declined over time, while seropositivity increased from 31.5% to 36.4%.

Conclusions/Significance
Antibody status is relatively stable over time. Both seroconversion and seroreversion occurred over the three years in this low endemic district, especially in younger children. Modeling seroreversion is important for accurate determination of seroconversion. The use of serology as a monitoring tool should target the younger aged children as they will most likely capture recent changes in serostatus.
Causes of ischemic stroke in young adults versus non-young adults: A multicenter hospital-based observational study
Authors: Ohya Yuichiro , Matsuo Ryu , Sato Noriko , Irie Fumi , Nakamura Kuniyuki , Wakisaka Yoshinobu , Ago Tetsuro , Kamouchi Masahiro , Kitazono Takanari ,   Investigators for Fukuoka Stroke Registry
Published: July 2022

BackgroundVery few comparative studies have focused on the differences in the causes of ischemic stroke between young adults and non-young adults. This study was performed to determine what causes of ischemic stroke are more important in young adults than in non-young adults using a large-scale multicenter hospital-based stroke registry in Fukuoka, Japan.Methods and resultsWe investigated data on 15,860 consecutive patients aged ≥18 years with acute ischemic stroke (mean age: 73.5 ± 12.4 years, 58.2% men) who were hospitalized between 2007 and 2019. In total, 779 patients were categorized as young adults (≤50 years of age). Although vascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, were less frequent in young adults than in non-young adults, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in young adults aged >40 years were comparable to those of non-young adults. Lifestyle-related risk factors such as smoking, drinking, and obesity were more frequent in young adults than in non-young adults. As young adults became older, the proportions of cardioembolism and stroke of other determined etiologies decreased, but those of large-artery atherosclerosis and small-vessel occlusion increased. Some embolic sources (high-risk sources: arterial myxoma, dilated cardiomyopathy, and intracardiac thrombus; medium-risk sources: atrial septal defect, nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, patent foramen ovale, and left ventricular hypokinesis) and uncommon causes (vascular diseases: reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, moyamoya disease, other vascular causes, arterial dissection, and cerebral venous thrombosis; hematologic diseases: antiphospholipid syndrome and protein S deficiency) were more prevalent in young adults than in non-young adults, and these trends decreased with age.ConclusionsCertain embolic sources and uncommon causes may be etiologically important causes of ischemic stroke in young adults. However, the contribution of conventional vascular risk factors and lifestyle-related risk factors is not negligible with advancing age, even in young adults.
Aerobiological monitoring in a desert type ecosystem: Two sampling stations of two cities (2017–2020) in Qatar
Authors: Al-Nesf Maryam Ali , Gharbi Dorra , Mobayed Hassan M. , Mohammed Ali Ramzy , Tuffaha Amjad , Dason Blessing Reena , Adeli Mehdi , Sattar Hisham A. , Trigo Maria del Mar 
Published: July 2022

Background
The increasing number of aerobiological stations empower comparative studies to determine the relationship between pollen concentrations in different localities and the appropriate distance, which should be established between sampling stations. In Qatar, this is basically the first aerobiological study for a continuous monitoring interval.

Objectives
The study aimed to assess the abundance and seasonality of the most prevalent pollen types, plus identify potential differences between two sites within the country.

Methods
Airborne pollen data were collected during 2017–2020 by using Hirst-type volumetric samplers in Doha capital city and Al Khor city in Qatar, placed 50 km apart.

Results
Higher total pollen indexes were recorded in the Al Khor station (2931 pollen * day/m3) compared to the Doha station (1618 pollen * day/m3). Comparing the pollen spectrum between the sampling stations revealed that ten pollen types were found in common. Amaranthaceae and Poaceae airborne pollen constituted 73.5% and 70.9% of the total amount of pollen detected at the samplers of Al Khor station and Doha station. In both sampling sites, a very pronounced seasonality was shown; August–October appeared as the period with the most intense incidence of atmospheric herbaceous pollen, with 71% and 51% of the annual total counts in Al Khor and Doha stations, respectively. August (Al Khor, 21%; Doha, 9%), September (Al Khor, 33%; Doha, 26%), October (Al Khor, 17%; Doha, 16%) were the months in which the herbs pollen concentrations were highest.
Significant statistical differences between the two stations were observed in specific pollen types with local distribution in each trap’s vicinity.

Conclusions
Comparison of data obtained by the two samplers running at a distance of 50 Km indicated that potential inter-site differences could be attributed to the vegetation surrounding the city having a decisive influence on data collected.
Genotype-phenotype associations in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis on more than 3200 individuals
Authors: Wang Xiaona , Chen Jun , Xiong Hui , Yu Xuhui 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo systematically review the relationship between genotypes and clinical phenotypes of Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) to support risk estimation and therapeutic decisions.DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis.Data sourcesThe data of our study were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, CBM, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WAN FANG and VIP databases since inception to August 2021.ResultsA total of 3257 patients from 32 studies were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among all the cases, the mutation frequencies of LRP5, FZD4, NDP, TSPAN12, ZNF408 and KIF11 were 13.6%, 11.5%, 4.6%, 6.7%, 1.6%, and 5.7%, respectively. We found that the patients with NDP and FZD4 suffer more severe symptoms, among which 86.4% patients of NDP and 78.6% patients of FZD4 were in the advanced stage of FEVR. Retinal detachment is the most frequent symptom with patients of LRP5 and NDP mutations, accounting for 51.9% and 64.5%, respectively. For the patients with the mutation of TSPAN12, retinal fold is the most common clinical manifestation, and suffer the mildest clinical phenotypes compared with the other three genes.ConclusionThe results of the meta-analysis indicate that different types of genetic mutations occur at different frequencies. In addition, the clinical manifestations of FEVR are related to the type of gene mutation. Therefore, targeted treatment strategies and follow-up recommendations should be adopted for different pathogenic genes of FEVR.
Strong maximum principle for a sublinear elliptic problem at resonance
Authors: Anello Giovanni , Cammaroto Filippo , Vilasi Luca 
Published: July 2022

We examine the semilinear resonant problem

−
Δ
u
=

λ
1

u
+
λ
g
(
u
)

in
Ω
,

u
≥
0
in
Ω
,

u

|

∂
Ω

=
0
,

where
Ω
⊂

R

N

is a smooth, bounded domain,

λ
1

is the first eigenvalue of
−
Δ
in
Ω
,
λ
>
0
. Inspired by a previous result in literature involving power-type nonlinearities, we consider here a generic sublinear term
g
and single out conditions to ensure: the existence of solutions for all
λ
>
0
; the validity of the strong maximum principle for sufficiently small
λ
. The proof rests upon variational arguments.
BIOCONVERSION AS A METHOD OF UTILIZATION OF POST-EXTRACTION RESIDUES OF FIR TREE GREENS (ABIES SIBIRICA) WITH OBTAINING A FEED ADDITIVE
Authors: Mamaeva Olʹga Olegovna , Isaeva Elena Vladimirovna , Fedorov Vladimir Sergeyevich , Ryazanova Tatʹyana Vasilʹyevna 
Published: July 2022

This article deals with the problem of utilization of the solid residue of fir tree greens formed during the industrial production of essential oils. The objective of this study was to study the chemical composition of bioconversion products of substrates based on fir tree greens. The strain PP-3.2. Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél acted as a biodestructor.
In the process of bioconversion, the content of polysaccharides and lignin substances decreases to 38 and 28%, respectively. Up to 20% of protein accumulates in the bioconversion products of fir tree greens. The amount of nucleic acids is no more than 1.5 g per 1 kg, the content of heavy metals does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration. The decrease in the mass of the substrate reaches 15%. When the fallen leaves and the post-extraction residue of poplar buds are added to the substrate, the protein content increases by 3%, and the substrate-destroying activity of fungi also increases. The digestibility of products as a result of bioconversion increases by 1.6-2.8 times, depending on the composition of the substrate.
The obtained data allow us to recommend post-fermented substrates based on fir tree greens and balsamic poplar biomass for use as a protein feed additive.