bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X-Ray-induced Diffusion and Mixing in Layered Astrophysical Ices
Authors: Jiménez-Escobar Antonio , Ciaravella Angela , Cecchi-Pestellini Cesare , Muñoz Caro Guillermo M. , Huang Chao-Hui , Sie Ni-En , Chen Yu-Jung 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ice in cold cosmic environments is expected to be organized in a bilayered structure of polar and apolar components. The initial water-rich layer is embedded in an icy CO envelope, which provides the feedstock for methanol formation through hydrogenation. These two components are thought to be physically segregated, unless an increase in temperature favors mobility and reactivity within the ice. We present new and robust evidence of X-ray-induced diffusion within interstellar ice analogues at very low temperatures, leading to an efficient mixing of the molecular content of the ice. The results of our study have two main implications. First, molecular mixing enhances chemical reactions from which complex organic species, including many of prebiotic interest, are formed. Second, diffusion drives the desorption of species that would otherwise remain buried near the surface of dust, thus enhancing their abundances in the gas, where they can be detected in the radio-wave domain. Such a scenario may have implications for the chemical history of ices in protoplanetary disks, in particular in the early stages of their life.
Entre industrie et politique, Pechiney sous la présidence de Jean Gandois, 1986-1995
Authors: Grinberg Ivan , Mioche Philippe 
Published: February 2022

Jean Gandois, grande figure de l’industrie française, a dirigé des entreprises majeures de la sidérurgie et de l’aluminium. Dans un entretien réalisé le 1 er juillet 2014 par Ivan Grinberg et Philippe Mioche, il se prêtait à une comparaison des modèles de développement et du management dans les entreprises de l’aluminium et de l’acier 1 . Au cours de cette rencontre, Jean Gandois est revenu sur ses années de présidence de Pechiney, de 1986 à 1995. Le document que nous publions ici en reprend les principaux développements 2 . La mise en forme réalisée sous la responsabilité des auteurs est centrée sur les propos de Jean Gandois.
Péculat et concussion : la corruption des officiers à l’époque moderne (XVI e -XVIII e siècle)
Authors: Dounot Cyrille 
Published: February 2022

La répression de la corruption chez les agents du roi remonte au règne de François I er qui établit les crimes de concussion et de péculat, commis par les financiers, les juges et autres officiers peu respectueux des biens privés comme de l’argent public. La particularité de ces crimes est marquée par une procédure spéciale, où la preuve est plus facile à apporter. Les peines, extrêmement variables, vont de l’amende et de la restitution des sommes volées à la mort, en passant par la perte de l’office ou les galères. Cependant, les juges ont tendance à adoucir le sort des péculateurs et des concussionnaires, ce qui entraîne souvent un dessaisissement de la justice ordinaire pour une justice d’exception, plus prompte à juger de la corruption des officiers.
Entre pluralité des espaces de débat et singularité des ordres du jour : la carrière sinueuse du gaz de schiste
Authors: Chailleux Sébastien , Zittoun Philippe 
Published: February 2022

Entre décembre 2010 et avril 2011, la multiplication des mobilisations autour du gaz de schiste contribue à inscrire ce qui va devenir un problème environnemental majeur d’abord à l’agenda médiatique puis à l’agenda gouvernemental, poussant le gouvernement à faire voter une loi prônant l’interdiction de la fracturation hydraulique nécessaire à l’exploration et l’exploitation de ces hydrocarbures. Cette lecture linéaire rend cependant insuffisamment compte de ce que l’observation empirique attentive de phénomènes plus discrets donne à voir : une trajectoire chaotique du sujet durant plus d’un an dans de nombreux micro-espaces de débat morcelés et souvent conflictuels. Cet article propose ainsi d’étudier les dynamiques singulières d’inscription à l’ordre du jour et de traitement du gaz de schiste dans une pluralité d’espaces de débat, mieux à même de refléter le fonctionnement fragmenté et agonistique des systèmes bureaucratiques, médiatiques, industriels et militants. Il montre, d’une part, comment la diversité de ces dynamiques d’inscription à l’ordre du jour contribue à favoriser une carrière chaotique du sujet, alternant confinement et visibilisation, domestication et dramatisation définitionnelles, appropriation et contournement et, d’autre part, comment, au cours de cette période, se forment les énoncés et leurs coalitions qui s’affronteront pendant la tempête médiatique du début d’année 2011.
Patients with ovarian cancer – knowledge and awareness of their disease, treatment, and possible complications
Authors: De Silva R. S. , Dinusha A. K. , Kottegoda G. J. D. E. , Kannangara D. E. , Premaratne S. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common cancers in Sri Lankan women and the third most common cancer among them. Health care workers as a team should be involved in patient education and counseling which must be customized according to the medical, psychological, social, financial, and spiritual background of the patient concerned. Objectives: To assess patient awareness and knowledge about ovarian cancer, its treatment, and possible complications. To evaluate patients’ concerns about how they were educated and counseled. Identify shortcomings and drawbacks and suggest measures to improve patient counseling and education. Method: A prospective cross-sectional study was done with 178 patients to evaluate their knowledge about their disease, treatment, and possible complications of ovarian cancer. Assessment was done through an interviewer administered questionnaire. Assessment of the stage of the disease at diagnosis was done by comparing patient’s description with patient’s notes. Results: 112 (63%) patients had satisfactory knowledge of the correct diagnosis of their disease whereas 56 (31%) patients had poor knowledge. 133 (74%) patients had good knowledge about the stage of the disease whereas 35 (20%) had poor knowledge. Concerning the treatment options, 133 (74%) had good knowledge but 33 (19%) patients had poor knowledge. Regarding the possible complications of the disease and possible complications of treatment 97 (54%) and 69 (39%) patients had good knowledge respectively, whereas 82 (46%) and 109 (61%) had poor knowledge respectively. 154 (87%) patients were satisfied with the education and counseling they had and 24 (13%) were unhappy. Conclusion: Patient knowledge about their disease, treatment, and complications is not satisfactory and needs improvement. A counseling model needs to be developed and audited regularly.
A Pathogenic Th17/CD38+ Macrophage Feedback Loop Drives Inflammatory Arthritis through TNF-α
Authors: Muench David E , Sun Zhe , Sharma Anchal , Tang Crystal , Crampton Jordan S , Lao Christopher , Kersjes Kara , Chang William , Na Songqing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The pathobiology of rheumatoid inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis, involves the interplay between innate and adaptive immune components and resident synoviocytes. Single-cell analyses of patient samples and relevant mouse models have characterized many cellular subsets in RA. However, the impact of interactions between cell types is not fully understood. In this study, we temporally profiled murine arthritic synovial isolates at the single-cell level to identify perturbations similar to those found in human RA. Notably, murine macrophage subtypes like those found in RA patients were expanded in arthritis and linked to promoting the function of Th17 cells in the joint. In vitro experiments identified a capacity for murine macrophages to maintain the functionality and expansion of Th17 cells. Reciprocally, murine Th17 cell–derived TNF-α induced CD38+ macrophages that enhanced Th17 functionality. Murine synovial CD38+ macrophages were expanded during arthritis, and their depletion or blockade via TNF-α neutralization alleviated disease while reducing IL-17A–producing cells. These findings identify a cellular feedback loop that promotes Th17 cell pathogenicity through TNF-α to drive inflammatory arthritis.
The prophylactic antimalarial activity of Combretum nigricans hydromethanol crude extract in mice
Authors: Enegide Chinedu , Ofili Charles C. , Agatemor Uzuazokaro M. , Jacob Dabum L. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Malaria has maintained its historic threat to global health, with nearly 40% of the world's population being at risk of its mayhem. The increasing cases of resistance by Plasmodium parasite to the currently available antimalarial agents have led to increased scientific screening of medicinal plants for the possible development of newer agents, both for treatment and chemoprophylaxis against malaria. This study was designed to evaluate the prophylactic antimalarial activity of Combretum nigricans hydromethanol crude leaf extract in mice.

Materials and Methods:
The prophylactic activity of C. nigricans hydromethanol crude leaf extract was evaluated using the method illustrated by Peters. Six groups containing five mice each were used for the study. Group 1 (control) received distilled water 10 ml/kg b.w. p.o., Groups 2–4 were treated with 200, 400, and 800 mg extract/kg b.w. p.o., respectively, Group 5 mice were treated with chloroquine 10 mg/kg b.w. p.o., whereas Group 6 mice were treated with artesunate 10 mg/kg b.w. p.o.

Results:
The result showed significant (P < 0.05) chemoprophylactic activity in all treated groups compared with the control group. The chemoprophylactic activity of the extract was 55.4, 61.6, and 79.5% for 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg, respectively. A dose-related increase in mice body weight was also observed in the extract-treated groups. Phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of several important active principles, including alkaloids, saponins, and flavonoids.

Conclusion:
The present study revealed that C. nigricans hydromethanol crude leaf extract possesses significant chemoprophylactic activity against malaria.
principio de no discriminación y la protección de datos personales en el marco del certificado COVID digital de la UE
Authors: Koukiadis Dimitrios I. 
Published: February 2022

Las medidas adoptadas hasta ahora, a nivel de los Estados miembros de la UE, con el fin de contener el Covid-19 han demostrado, muy a menudo, un proceso de elaboración de políticas extremadamente fragmentado, descoordinado y controvertido. El 1 de julio de 2021, el Certificado Digital Covid de la UE entró en vigor en toda la UE con el fin de proporcionar un marco jurídico común y armonizado para proteger la salud pública, reabrir las fronteras, reactivar la economía europea y facilitar la libre circulación de personas durante la pandemia mediante el establecimiento de medidas seguras, verificables e interoperables en todo el territorio de la UE. Se han planteado cuestiones como la no discriminación y la igualdad, la libertad de circulación, las condiciones de trabajo, la protección de datos, el asilo y la migración, la dignidad humana, el Estado de Derecho y el respeto general de los derechos humanos.
En cuanto a la cuestión de la no discriminación, el Reglamento aspira a crear un marco jurídico mediante el cual se facilite el derecho a la libre circulación de las personas y se establezcan de forma coordinada los requisitos para la supresión gradual de las restricciones a la libre circulación, impuestas por los Estados miembros.
En cuanto a las cuestiones de protección de datos personales, no se prevé ninguna excepción al marco jurídico de la UE establecido hasta ahora en materia de protección de datos personales, y se espera que todas las sólidas salvaguardias establecidas por el Reglamento general de protección de datos (RGPD) en materia de protección de datos personales se incorporen a cualquier medida adoptada por los Estados miembros.
Let’s TALK About That Kiss
Authors: Rikard Laura 
Published: February 2022

In lieu of an abstract, here is an excerpt:
“How do I stage a kiss?” has always been one of the questions we at Theatrical Intimacy Education (TIE) receive most frequently from teachers, directors, and actors, even as the industry has begun to embrace and implement the practices that intimacy specialists and TIE teach, and as audition disclosures and using “placeholder” (Pace 2020) have become the norm. However, the matter of staging kisses, understandably, seems to be causing quite a bit of anxiety in the COVID world. There are solutions to help lessen this anxiety. But first, let’s remind ourselves about how to stage a kiss.
IDENTIFIKASI KUALITAS INTERNAL TELUR DAN FAKTOR PENURUNAN KUALITAS SELAMA PENYIMPANAN
Authors: Bilyaro Woki , Lestari Dian , Sri Endayani Ayu 
Published: February 2022

Telur merupakan salah satu bahan makanan dengan harga ekonomis yang memiliki nilai gizi lengkap dan dibutuhkan oleh tubuh. Telur mudah mengalami kerusakan baik secara fisik, kimia dan mikrobiologis. Durasi waktu penyimpanan dapat mempengaruhi kualitas telur. Tujuan penelitian: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh durasi waktu penyimpanan terhadap perubahan kualitas telur dimasyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling dengan cara menganalisis telur ayam yang disimpan oleh masyarakat pada suhu ruang dengan durasi waktu penyimpanan yang berbeda yakni 1 hari, 5 hari, 10 hari, dan 14 hari. Masing-masing perlakuan lama simpan terdiri dari 5 ulangan, dan setiap ulangan terdiri dari 3 butir telur. Total telur ayam ras yang digunakan sebanyak 60 butir telur. Durasi waktu penyimpanan dapat mempengaruhi nilai HU, Ph telur, dan perbesaran kantong udara. Berdasarkan kajian menunjukkan bahwa telur terbaik adalah disimpan pada suhu antara 4-7℃. Beberapa metode yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam upaya pengawetan telur. Metode tersebut diantaranya adalah metode pasteurisasi, Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields (ELF-MF), Thyme Oil and Cold Nitrogen Plasma (CNP) dan Dielectric Barier Discharge-UV Plasma. Berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI), Telur dapat disimpan disuhu ruang, maksimum selama 14 hari dengan kelembapan 80%-90%. Penyimpanan disuhu 4–7℃, maksimum selama 30 hari dengan kelembapan 60%-70%.
Asociación del control glucémico con la disfunción eréctil en pacientes diabéticos
Authors: García Juan Juan Figueroa 
Published: February 2022

ANTECEDENTES: la disfunción eréctil es la incapacidad para conseguir y mantener una erección que permita una penetración sexual satisfactoria en 50% de las veces, en un periodo de tres meses. Entre las causas orgánicas, la diabetes mellitus representa 30%. A pesar de esta relación la prevalencia es poco conocida en nuestro medio.OBJETIVO: determinar la asociación entre el control glucémico y la disfunción eréctil en diabéticos.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: estudio observacional, transversal y analítico al que se incluyeron pacientes que no refirieron complicaciones al momento del estudio. A todos se les aplicó el cuestionario IIFE-5 (Índice Internacional de la Función Eréctil) para detectar si padecían o no disfunción eréctil, se compararon las concentraciones de hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1c), y se analizó su asociación mediante la aplicación de la razón de momios.RESULTADOS: en 362 pacientes se encontró una prevalencia de disfunción eréctil de 72.3% (n=272), de estos 80.9% (n=212) estaban en descontrol glucémico, con una razón de momios de 6.92 (IC95%: 4.16 a 11.50).CONCLUSIONES: en los pacientes diabéticos existe una relación 7:1 de probabilidad de disfunción eréctil versus pacientes con adecuado control glucémico.PALABRAS CLAVE: diabetes mellitus, disfunción eréctil, hemoglobina glucosilada, control glucémico. AbstractBACKGROUND: Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve and maintain an erection that enables satisfactory sexual penetration 50% of the time, within a 3-month period. Diabetes mellitus is the organic cause in 30% of cases, but despite this relation, the prevalence of erectile dysfunction is not well known in Mexico.OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between glycemic control and erectile dysfunction in diabetic patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional, analytic study included diabetic patients that did not complain of complications at the time of the study. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire was applied to detect whether or not the patients presented with erectile dysfunction. Their glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were compared and the association with erectile dysfunction was analyzed through the odds ratio.RESULTS: The prevalence of erectile dysfunction in 362 patients was 72.3% (n=272). Of those patients with erectile dysfunction, 80.9% (n=212) had inadequate glycemic control, with an odds ratio of 6.92 (95% CI: 4.16 to 11.50).CONCLUSIONS: The odds ratio of presenting with erectile dysfunction for diabetic men with inadequate glycemic control and patients with adequate glycemic control was 7:1.KEY WORDS: Diabetes mellitus; Erectile dysfunction; Glycated hemoglobin; Glycemic control
One wave or another in the pandemic: psychological well-being during the third COVID-19 wave
Authors: Marchetti Michela , Gatti Daniele , Inguscio Lucio , Mazzoni Giuliana 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAfter a year from the emergence of COVID-19 in February 2020, between March and May 2021 Italy faced its third wave of infections. Previous studies have shown that in the first phases of the pandemic certain factors had a protective effect against distress. However, little is known regarding the role of possible protective variables after prolonged pandemic situa-tions.Material and methods454 Italian adults were asked questions regarding the intensity of mental states and emotions experienced, the perceived usefulness of lockdown, the feeling of living a normal life, and the coping strategies implemented to face the pandemic.ResultsOur findings indicate that the presence of acceptance attitudes toward restrictive measures and the implementation of rec-reational activities helped participants face a prolonged pandemic with positive emotions.ConclusionsThese results extend previous findings about the impact of several behavioral variables on individuals’ mental states and emotions experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy.
Unusual manifestations of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: a pictorial essay
Authors: Elango S. , Prema S. , Vijayakumar A.R. , Sravani N. , Nagarajan K. , Vijayalakshmi G. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionTuberculosis is quite common in India. About 40% of all Indians are infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis, with 2.5 million active tuberculosis cases. Tuberculosis primarily affects the lungs, but it can affect any organ. Extra-pulmonary involvement occurs 15-20% of cases in immune-competent patients and in more than 50% in HIV patients. The most common extra-pulmonary sites are lymph nodes, pleura, abdomen, genitourinary tract, skin, joints and bones, or meninges.Case reportsIn this pictorial review article we present 8 atypical cases of tuberculosis and describe their imaging features and histopathology.ConclusionsExtra-pulmonary tuberculosis can affect virtually any organ and can mimic various inflammatory and neoplastic disorders apart from other infective conditions. A strong index of suspicion is required particularly in those countries endemic to tuberculosis.
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous irrigation of rotator cuff calcific tendinosis. What radiologist should know
Authors: Chianca Vito , Di Pietto Francesco , Albano Domenico , Corvino Antonio , Del Grande Filippo 
Published: February 2022

Rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy is a common condition caused by the presence of calcification into the rotator cuff or in the subacromial-subdeltoid bursa. The pathogenetic mechanism of this pathology is still debated. Calcific tendinitis frequently affects the rotator cuff and may cause shoulder pain and reduction of range of motion. It can be diagnosed with conventional radiography, ultrasound, or magnetic resonance imaging. The first therapeutic option includes conservative management based on rest, physical therapy, and oral non-steroid anti-inflammatory admini­stration. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy is a noninvasive technique that can be useful for the fragmentation of calcific deposits. Imaging-guided percutaneous irrigation is currently considered the gold standard technique for the treatment of calcific tendinitis due to its minimal invasiveness and its success rate of about 80%.
Effect of cervical exercises with corrective instructions on neck pain and disability in smartphone addicted users
Authors: Z. Fouda Khaled , S. Abdelsalam Mohammed 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSmartphone use has progressively increased worldwide in the recent few years, with has raised the incidence of musculoskeletal problems related to smartphone overuse. Neck pain is common in subjects practising various occupational and recreational activities. This study investigated the effects of deep cervical flexor muscles exercises with corrective instructions for smartphone use on neck pain and disability in smartphone addicted users.MethodsOverall, 40 subjects suffering from mechanical neck pain were randomly assigned to group A, who performed deep cervical flexor exercises and were given instructions regarding the correct smartphone use, and to group B, who maintained their routine physical activities during the study period, without any further advice. Neck pain intensity was measured with the visual analogue scale, while neck disability was evaluated with the Neck Disability Index.ResultsThe dependent t-test showed a significant post-treatment reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in neck pain and disability in group A, while no significant differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) were found in group B. The independent t-test declared no significant pre-treatment differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) between groups in the measured variables; after treatment, it revealed a significant reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in neck pain and disability in group A compared with group B.ConclusionsRegular practice of deep cervical flexor muscles training in addition to following corrective instructions for smartphone use constitutes an effective therapeutic tool in decreasing neck pain and disability in smartphone addicted users.