bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular confirmation of the hybrid origin of Sparganium longifolium (Typhaceae)
Authors: Yu Yinjiao , Li Fengxia , Belyakov Eugeny A. , Yang Weidong , Lapirov Alexander G. , Xu Xinwei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSparganium longifolium was reported as a hybrid between S. emersum and S. gramineum based on its intermediate type or the common characteristics of its parent species. Its hybrid origin needs to be confirmed using molecular technology. We investigated the origin of S. longifolium based on 10 populations of S. emersum, S. gramineum and S. longifolium from five lakes in European Russia, using sequences of six nuclear loci and one chloroplast DNA fragment. Haplotype network, principal coordinate analysis and genetic clustering based on data of nuclear loci confirmed that S. longifolium is the hybrid between S. emersum and S. gramineum. We found that the natural hybridization between S. emersum and S. gramineum is bidirectional but asymmetrical, and the latter mainly acts as maternal species. We also found that all samples of S. longifolium were F1 generations, and thus hypothesized that S. emersum and S. gramineum could likely maintain their species boundary through the post-zygote reproductive isolation mechanism of F1 generation sterility.
Vertical semiconductor deep ultraviolet light emitting diodes on a nanowire-assisted aluminum nitride buffer layer
Authors: Zhang Qihua , Parimoo Heemal , Martel Eli , Zhao Songrui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVertical light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have many advantages such as uniform current injection, excellent scalability of the chip size, and simple packaging process. Hitherto, however, technologically important semiconductor aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) deep ultraviolet (UV) LEDs are mainly through lateral injection. Herein, we demonstrate a new and practical path for vertical AlGaN deep UV LEDs, which exploits a thin AlN buffer layer formed on a nanowire-based template on silicon (Si). Such a buffer layer enables in situ formation of vertical AlGaN deep UV LEDs on Si. Near Lambertian emission pattern is measured from the top surface. The decent reflectivity of Si in the deep UV range makes such a configuration a viable low-cost solution for vertical AlGaN deep UV LEDs. More importantly, the use of such a thin AlN buffer layer can allow an easy transfer of device structures to other carrier wafers for vertical AlGaN deep UV LEDs with ultimately high electrical and optical performance.
The development of Friedländer heteroannulation through a single electron transfer and energy transfer pathway using methylene blue (MB+)
Authors: Mohamadpour Farzaneh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe radical Friedländer hetero-annulation of 2-aminoaryl ketone and -methylene carbonyl compound was used to develop a green tandem approach for the metal-free synthesis of polysubstitutedquinolines. At room temperature in an ethanol solvent, photo-excited state functions generated from MB+ were used as single-electron transfer (SET) and energy transfer (EnT) catalysts, utilizing visible light as a renewable energy source in the air atmosphere. The purpose of this research is to increase the use of a nonmetal cationic dye that is both inexpensive and widely available. High yields, energy-effectiveness, high atom economy, time-saving features of the reaction, and operational simplicity, and the least amount of a catalyst are the benefits of this study. As a result, a wide range of ecological and long-term chemical properties are obtained. Polysubstitutedquinolines' turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF) have been calculated. Surprisingly, such cyclization can be accomplished on a gram scale, indicating that the process has industrial potential.
Shorter pruritus period and milder disease stage are associated with response to nalfurafine hydrochloride in patients with chronic liver disease
Authors: Kawano Tadamichi , Atsukawa Masanori , Tsubota Akihito , Shimada Noritomo , Toyoda Hidenori , Takaguchi Koichi , Tani Joji , Morishita Asahiro , Hiraoka Atsushi , Mikami Shigeru , Ishikawa Toru , Okubo Hironao , Watanabe Tsunamasa , Okubo Tomomi , Arai Taeang , Hayama Korenobu , Itokawa Norio , Kondo Chisa , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNalfurafine hydrochloride, a selective κ-opioid receptor agonist has been approved for pruritus in patients with chronic liver disease. However, not all patients respond to nalfurafine hydrochloride. The aim of this study was to clarify the efficacy of nalfurafine hydrochloride. The subjects were patients with chronic liver disease complicated by pruritus who were treated with nalfurafine hydrochloride between May, 2015, and May, 2021. The degree of pruritus was evaluated based on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score and the Kawashima’s pruritus score. Nalfurafine hydrochloride 2.5 μg was orally administered once a day for 12 weeks. A decrease in the VAS score of ≥ 25 mm or the Kawashima’s pruritus score of ≥ 1 scores was designated as relevant response. The former of ≥ 50 mm or the latter of ≥ 2 scores as remarkable response. The 326 patients who were evaluated the efficacy at 12 weeks. The median time suffering from pruritus to administration of nalfurafine hydrochloride was 4 months. The median VAS score improved from 70.0 mm before administration to 40.0 and 30.0 mm at 4 and 12 weeks of treatment, respectively. On multivariate analysis, shorter itching period and lower FIB-4 index value were extracted as the independent factors related to remarkable responder. On multivariate analysis, shorter itching period was extracted as the only independent factor related to relevant responder. In conclusion, this study suggested nalfurafine hydrochloride treatment markedly improves pruritus in patients with chronic liver disease. A short pruritus period and less-advanced fibrosis were associated with response to nalfurafine hydrochloride.
Tumor microenvironment heterogeneity an important mediator of prostate cancer progression and therapeutic resistance
Authors: Ge Rongbin , Wang Zongwei , Cheng Liang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractProstate cancer is characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity, which poses a major challenge to precision therapy and drug development. In this review, we discuss how nongenetic factors contribute to heterogeneity of prostate cancer. We also discuss tumor heterogeneity and phenotypic switching related to anticancer therapies. Lastly, we summarize the challenges targeting the tumor environments, and emphasize that continued exploration of tumor heterogeneity is needed in order to offer a personalized therapy for advanced prostate cancer patients.
Immunofibroblasts regulate LTα3 expression in tertiary lymphoid structures in a pathway dependent on ICOS/ICOSL interaction
Authors: Nayar Saba , Pontarini Elena , Campos Joana , Berardicurti Onorina , Smith Charlotte G. , Asam Saba , Gardner David H. , Colafrancesco Serena , Lucchesi Davide , Coleby Rachel , Chung Ming-May , Iannizzotto Valentina , Hunter Kelly , Bowman Simon J. , Carlesso Gianluca , Herbst Ronald , McGettrick Helen M. , Browning Jeff , Buckley Christopher D. , Fisher Benjamin A. , Bombardieri Michele , Barone Francesca 
Published: May 2022

AbstractImmunofibroblasts have been described within tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) that regulate lymphocyte aggregation at sites of chronic inflammation. Here we report, for the first time, an immunoregulatory property of this population, dependent on inducible T-cell co-stimulator ligand and its ligand (ICOS/ICOS-L). During inflammation, immunofibroblasts, alongside other antigen presenting cells, like dendritic cells (DCs), upregulate ICOSL, binding incoming ICOS + T cells and inducing LTα3 production that, in turn, drives the chemokine production required for TLS assembly via TNFRI/II engagement. Pharmacological or genetic blocking of ICOS/ICOS-L interaction results in defective LTα expression, abrogating both lymphoid chemokine production and TLS formation. These data provide evidence of a previously unknown function for ICOSL-ICOS interaction, unveil a novel immunomodulatory function for immunofibroblasts, and reveal a key regulatory function of LTα3, both as biomarker of TLS establishment and as first driver of TLS formation and maintenance in mice and humans.
Social synchronization of brain activity increases during eye-contact
Authors: Luft Caroline Di Bernardi , Zioga Ioanna , Giannopoulos Anastasios , Di Bona Gabriele , Binetti Nicola , Civilini Andrea , Latora Vito , Mareschal Isabelle 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHumans make eye-contact to extract information about other people’s mental states, recruiting dedicated brain networks that process information about the self and others. Recent studies show that eye-contact increases the synchronization between two brains but do not consider its effects on activity within single brains. Here we investigate how eye-contact affects the frequency and direction of the synchronization within and between two brains and the corresponding network characteristics. We also evaluate the functional relevance of eye-contact networks by comparing inter- and intra-brain networks of friends vs. strangers and the direction of synchronization between leaders and followers. We show that eye-contact increases higher inter- and intra-brain synchronization in the gamma frequency band. Network analysis reveals that some brain areas serve as hubs linking within- and between-brain networks. During eye-contact, friends show higher inter-brain synchronization than strangers. Dyads with clear leader/follower roles demonstrate higher synchronization from leader to follower in the alpha frequency band. Importantly, eye-contact affects synchronization between brains more than within brains, demonstrating that eye-contact is an inherently social signal. Future work should elucidate the causal mechanisms behind eye-contact induced synchronization.
GATA6 is predicted to regulate DNA methylation in an in vitro model of human hepatocyte differentiation
Authors: Suzuki Takahiro , Furuhata Erina , Maeda Shiori , Kishima Mami , Miyajima Yurina , Tanaka Yuki , Lim Joanne , Nishimura Hajime , Nakanishi Yuri , Shojima Aiko , Suzuki Harukazu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHepatocytes are the dominant cell type in the human liver, with functions in metabolism, detoxification, and producing secreted proteins. Although gene regulation and master transcription factors involved in the hepatocyte differentiation have been extensively investigated, little is known about how the epigenome is regulated, particularly the dynamics of DNA methylation and the critical upstream factors. Here, by examining changes in the transcriptome and the methylome using an in vitro hepatocyte differentiation model, we show putative DNA methylation-regulating transcription factors, which are likely involved in DNA demethylation and maintenance of hypo-methylation in a differentiation stage-specific manner. Of these factors, we further reveal that GATA6 induces DNA demethylation together with chromatin activation in a binding-site-specific manner during endoderm differentiation. These results provide an insight into the spatiotemporal regulatory mechanisms exerted on the DNA methylation landscape by transcription factors and uncover an epigenetic role for transcription factors in early liver development.
PGC1 alpha coactivates ERG fusion to drive antioxidant target genes under metabolic stress
Authors: Dhara Aiindrila , Aier Imlimaong , Paladhi Ankush , Varadwaj Pritish Kumar , Hira Sumit Kumar , Sen Nirmalya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe presence of ERG gene fusion; from developing prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) lesions to hormone resistant high grade prostate cancer (PCa) dictates disease progression, altered androgen metabolism, proliferation and metastasis1–3. ERG driven transcriptional landscape may provide pro-tumorigenic cues in overcoming various strains like hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, inflammation and oxidative stress. However, insights on the androgen independent regulation and function of ERG during stress are limited. Here, we identify PGC1α as a coactivator of ERG fusion under various metabolic stress. Deacetylase SIRT1 is necessary for PGC1α-ERG interaction and function. We reveal that ERG drives the expression of antioxidant genes; SOD1 and TXN, benefitting PCa growth. We observe increased expression of these antioxidant genes in patients with high ERG expression correlates with poor survival. Inhibition of PGC1α-ERG axis driven transcriptional program results in apoptosis and reduction in PCa xenografts. Here we report a function of ERG under metabolic stress which warrants further studies as a therapeutic target for ERG fusion positive PCa.
Urbanized knowledge syndrome—erosion of diversity and systems thinking in urbanites’ mental models
Authors: Aminpour Payam , Gray Steven A. , Beck Michael W. , Furman Kelsi L. , Tsakiri Ismini , Gittman Rachel K. , Grabowski Jonathan H. , Helgeson Jennifer , Josephs Lauren , Ruth Matthias , Scyphers Steven B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCoastal ecosystems nearby human societies collectively shape complex social-ecological systems (SESs). These ecosystems support high levels of ecological biodiversity while providing resources and services to humans. However, shoreline armoring, land transformation, and urban homogenization across urbanized coastal areas may degrade natural ecosystems and alter how humans and nature are connected. We hypothesize that these alterations extend to residents’ knowledge of SESs. We explore evidence of such cognitive outcomes in graphical mental models of more than 1350 coastal residents across eight states in the Northeast United States. Our results revealed that, in more urbanized areas, residents’ mental models underrepresented complex interdependence between humans and natural components, indicating limited systems thinking. Additionally, urbanization and shoreline armoring were associated with homogenization of mental models. We refer to these results as Urbanized Knowledge Syndrome (UKS). Importantly, respondents with more symptoms of UKS were less likely to self-report adoption of pro-environmental behaviors. These results indicate a potential societal-level erosion of ecological knowledge associated with urbanization in the same way more urbanized areas are associated with diminishing ecological function. Thus, diagnosing and treating UKS is an essential component of urban sustainability.
Observation points classifier ensemble for high‐dimensional imbalanced classification
Authors: He Yulin , Li Xu , Fournier‐Viger Philippe , Huang Joshua Zhexue , Li Mianjie , Salloum Salman 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an Observation Points Classifier Ensemble (OPCE) algorithm is proposed to deal with High‐Dimensional Imbalanced Classification (HDIC) problems based on data processed using the Multi‐Dimensional Scaling (MDS) feature extraction technique. First, dimensionality of the original imbalanced data is reduced using MDS so that distances between any two different samples are preserved as well as possible. Second, a novel OPCE algorithm is applied to classify imbalanced samples by placing optimised observation points in a low‐dimensional data space. Third, optimization of the observation point mappings is carried out to obtain a reliable assessment of the unknown samples. Exhaustive experiments have been conducted to evaluate the feasibility, rationality, and effectiveness of the proposed OPCE algorithm using seven benchmark HDIC data sets. Experimental results show that (1) the OPCE algorithm can be trained faster on low‐dimensional imbalanced data than on high‐dimensional data; (2) the OPCE algorithm can correctly identify samples as the number of optimised observation points is increased; and (3) statistical analysis reveals that OPCE yields better HDIC performances on the selected data sets in comparison with eight other HDIC algorithms. This demonstrates that OPCE is a viable algorithm to deal with HDIC problems.
A dynamic bidirectional heuristic trust path search algorithm
Authors: Che Jiaying , Tong Xiangrong , Yu Lei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOnline social networks greatly promote peoples' online interaction, where trust plays a crucial role. Trust prediction with trust path search is widely used to help users find the trusted friends and obtain valid information. However, the shortcomings of accuracy and time still exist in some famous algorithms. Therefore, the dynamic bidirectional heuristic search (DBHS) algorithm is proposed in this paper to find the reliable trust path by studying the heuristic search. First, the trust value and path length are comprehensively considered to find the most trusted user. Specially, it constrains the traversal depth based on the ‘small world’ theory and obtains the acceptable path set by using the relaxation coefficient λ to relax the depth of the shortest path. By this way, some longer path with the higher trust can be considered to improve the precision of algorithm. Then, an adjustment factor is designed based on the meet in the middle (MM) algorithm to assign search weights to two directions based on the size of the search tree expanded, so as to improve the problem of no priori when fixed parameters are used. Besides, the complexity of unidirectional trust path search can also be reduced by searching from two directions, which can reduce the depth and improve the efficiency of search. Finally, the predictive trust degree is outputted by the trust propagation function. Two public datasets are used to generate experimental results, which show that DBHS can quickly search and form reliable trust relationship, and it partly improves other algorithms.
Trust management and data protection for online social networks
Authors: Thabit Shehab , LianShan Yan , Tao Yao , Abdullah AL‐badwi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOnline social networks (OSNs) have been an integral aspect of daily life. Most people use OSNs such as Facebook and Twitter to communicate and exchange information. Numerous analytical methods have been applied to OSNs by active exploration of their graph structure, like clustering analyses for automatic online group detection and node impact analyses of awareness of influential nodes within social networks. On OSN, a large‐scale attack was launched by creating a bogus profile and using it to propagate spam, malware, and phishing attacks. To overcome the above issues, we designed a trust management and data protection model (TM‐A‐DPM), in which the trust management identifies the trust factor accuracy to achieve confidentiality, integrity, and privacy. Experimental results determine the performance and computational efficiency as well as resolve the privacy threats such as data leakage and data forgery.
End‐to‐end motion segmentation and recognition with high accuracy using wearable devices
Authors: Bingtao Zhou , Yuyang Cheng , Mian Xiang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn important research direction in applying wearable devices in sports is motion recognition and segmentation. The authors propose an end‐to‐end motion recognition–segmentation method in basketball. First, data are collected using an arm guard with an inertial measurement unit (IMU) module. Next, a sliding window is used to extract the data features. The feature extraction method is a multi‐model long short‐term memory (LSTM) network. After feature extraction, a label vector is obtained and a result vector is formed after temporal matrix processing. The results of the experiment on the accuracy, precision and recall were 97.1% ± 1.6%, 94.4% ± 0.7% and 96.4% ± 1.1%, respectively, showing better performance among similar studies.
Improving grid strength in a wide‐area transmission system with grid forming inverters
Authors: Mayer Peter F. , Gordon Mark , Huang Wen‐Cheng , Hardt Christian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper summarizes Electromagnetic Transient (EMT) simulation studies using PSCAD/EMTDC undertaken to evaluate the capability and suitability of commercially available large scale Grid Forming Inverters (GFMI) to dampen oscillations in a real bulk power transmission network. Faults and a range of grid voltage oscillation frequencies are tested on GFMI and synchronous condenser (SC) models using single source equivalent network model and comparisons of transient, post fault and oscillatory rejection tests are presented. A critical credible fault in the West Murray Zone (WMZ) was simulated on a wide‐area EMT model of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) to show the effectiveness of GFMI in providing system strength services and improving damping of network sub‐synchronous control interactions (SSCI). Two scenarios were examined: Direct replacement of existing centralized synchronous condensers in the WMZ of the NEM, and a decentralized distribution of GFMI in the transmission network (treated as expansion or repowering solution for existing grid following inverter equipped solar farms). Simulation results show that commercially available GFMI are a viable option for improving system strength in a practical transmission system with a high proportion of Inverter Based Resources (IBR).
Innovative millimetre‐wave resonators based on slow‐wave coplanar stripline components
Authors: Saadi Abdelhalim A. , Margalef‐Rovira Marc , Amara Youcef , Vincent Loïc , Lepilliet Sylvie , Gaquiere Christophe , Ferrari Philippe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the slow‐wave coplanar stripline (S‐CPS) technology is utilised to design high performance and small footprint resonators operating within the millimetre‐wave band from 50 to 80 GHz. The proposed resonators are designed based on high quality factor quasi‐lumped capacitances and inductances offering a great flexibility in terms of design. The derivation of these components from the S‐CPS is explained theoretically and their behaviour is validated by EM simulation; an equivalent electrical model is also developed. The proposed concepts are demonstrated in the BiCMOS 55‐nm technology, and a good agreement between modelling, EM simulation and measurement results is achieved. The proposed devices could later be considered as interesting elementary blocks for the design of mm‐wave filters.
Anti‐inflammatory and bactericidal effect of keratin/harmaline/ginkgo biloba electrospun nano fibres as band aid
Authors: Monavari Matine , Zohoori Salar , Davodiroknabadi Abolfazl 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study represents the extraction of keratin from hedgehogs spines doped with Harmaline and Ginkgo Biloba, and electrospun on the surface of cotton fabric (animal rights laws were performed). The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to investigate the morphology of produced keratin Harmaline Ginkgo Biloba (KHG). The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows the weight loss of samples in different temperatures. The aim and goal of producing KHG on the cotton fabric surface was to use as band aid; therefore, the bactericidal and anti‐inflammatory of samples were investigated. The results show that the KHG band aid has about 95% bactericidal properties against both gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli). On the other hand, the results of oedema reduction on rats indicate that KHG band aid has good anti‐inflammatory property, which is near to the indomethacin. Furthermore, the MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) analyses of KHG band aid and its cell viability demonstrate that the KHG band aid has very low cytotoxicity.