bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful Treatment of a Single Giant Renal Cyst in a Newborn with Drainage and Sclerotherapy
Authors: Koenig Adriana , Ménétrey Anika , Jhala Tobias , Uerlings Vincent , Szavay Philipp O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSimple renal cysts are a scarce entity in pediatric patients and their etiology is unknown in most cases. Usually, they are monitored with ultrasound and regular follow-up of renal function. Surgical treatment is rarely indicated. We report the case of a newborn with a single giant renal cyst that could be treated successfully with drainage and sclerotherapy. Single giant renal cysts require careful investigation and monitoring. In cysts without communication to the pelvico-caliceal system, sclerotherapy by instillation of doxycycline is a therapeutic option.
Neuropathic Donor-Site Pain following Radial Forearm Free Flap Harvest: A Multicenter Study on Incidence, Prognostic Factors, and Quality of Life
Authors: Bruin L. L. , Hundepool C. A. , Duraku L. S. , Luijsterburg A. J. M. , Jong T. De , Willems W. F. , Mureau M. A. M. , Zuidam J. Michiel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) is widely used and is considered one of the workhorse flaps in oncologic head and neck reconstructions. However, the potential for significant donor-site morbidity remains a major drawback. Although various donor-site problems have been reported, the incidence of neuropathic pain and possible predicting factors remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the incidence, prognostic factors, and impact on quality of life of neuropathic pain following RFFF harvest.Methods In this multicenter, cross-sectional study, 167 patients who underwent an RFFF reconstruction between 2010 and 2020 were included. Baseline characteristics were collected by medical charts. All patients received questionnaires to measure patient's pain (Doleur Neuropathique 4 and visual analog scale, pain), hand function (Patient-Reported Wrist and Hand Evaluation), and quality of life (EuroQol 5D). Multiple logistic regression was used to identify prognostic factors associated with outcomes.Results A total of 114 patients (68%) completed the questionnaire. Neuropathic pain was present in 18% of all patients. Donor-site wound problems, mostly tendon exposure, occurred in 32% and was significantly correlated with neuropathic pain (p = 0.003). Neuropathic pain was significantly associated with poorer quality of life (p < 0.001) and poorer hand function (p < 0.001).Conclusion Almost one-fifth of all patients deal with neuropathic pain following RFFF harvest. Neuropathic pain is significantly correlated with poorer hand function and a poorer quality of life. Therefore, future research should focus on analyzing surgical factors such as the management of wound problems and primary denervation to improve hand function and quality of life of these patients.
O desequilíbrio do ombro é um parâmetro útil na triagem da escoliose idiopática? Um estudo preliminar
Authors: Torres Pedro Augusto Rocha , Castilho Andre Moreira , Lopes Kamila Rayane Campos , Pellizzoni Leonardo , Righesso Orlando , Falavigna Asdrubal 
Published: September 2022

Resumo
Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o uso da assimetria de ombros como parâmetro para a triagem de escoliose e sua relação a outros parâmetros do exame físico.
Métodos Este estudo avalia um aplicativo para smartphone que analisa diversos parâmetros do exame físico de adolescentes com escoliose idiopática. Examinadores médicos e não médicos utilizaram o instrumento de triagem em alunos de uma escola pública e de um clube esportivo privado. Após a coleta de dados, a correlação interobservador foi determinada para verificar a assimetria de ombros e compará-la ao teste de inclinação de Adam e à medição da rotação do tronco.
Resultados Oitenta e nove participantes foram examinados, sendo 18 do sexo feminino e 71 do sexo masculino. Dois indivíduos foram excluídos da análise. A média de idade dos participantes da escola pública foi de 11,30 anos e do clube esportivo, 11,92 anos. Os examinadores apresentaram concordância interobservador baixa a branda quanto à assimetria de ombros em incidência anterior e posterior. Não houve correlação estatística significativa entre a assimetria de ombros e o resultado positivo no teste de inclinação do tronco de Adam.
Conclusão Nosso estudo preliminar mostra que a assimetria de ombros tem baixa correlação com o teste de inclinação de Adam e assim como com a medição de rotação do tronco com escoliômetro. Portanto, o uso da assimetria de ombros pode não ser útil na triagem da escoliose idiopática.
Nível de Evidência III; Estudo Diagnóstico
Effects of Chlorhexidine and Povidone-Iodine on the SARS-CoV-2 Load: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hasan Faizul , Chiu Hsiao-Yean , Salamanca Eisner , Ridwan Edi S. , Wiratama Bayu S. , Budi Hendrik S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe efficacy of mouthwash for reducing the viral load in patients with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis comprehensively examined the effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) and povidone-iodine (PVP-I) on the viral load in patients with COVID-19. We performed methodological analysis, systematic review, and meta-analysis of included studies using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis Software. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest were searched from December 1, 2019, to December 2, 2021. In total, we included 10 studies of 1,339 patients with COVID-19. Compared with the control group, both CHX and PVP-I significantly reduced the number of negative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results (p<0.001) among COVID-19 patients. The CHX and PVP-I were effective on reducing the number of negative RT-PCR results in COVID-19 patients. Additional studies using adequate randomization methods and larger samples are warned.
Influence of Bariatric Surgery on Oral Microbiota: A Systematic Review
Authors: Adawi Hafiz , Aggarwal Aparna , Jain Saurabh , Othman Maha A. , Othman Ahlam A. A. , Zakri Rawan A. , Namazi Somayah A. M. , Sori Sara A.Y. , Abuzawah Lamees H. A. , Madkhali Zainab M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe study aims to systematically review the available literature to evaluate the changes in oral microbiota in patients after bariatric surgery (BS) and correlates these alterations in microorganisms with common oral manifestations. Relevant Electronic databases were systematically searched for indexed English literature. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed for framework designing, application, and reporting of the current systematic review. The focused PICO question was: “Is there any change in oral microbiota (O) of patients (P) who underwent BS (I) when compared with non-BS groups (C)?' Seven articles were selected for qualitative synthesis. On application of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) quality assessment tool, six studies were found to be of fair quality and one was of good quality. All the seven included studies evaluated the effect of BS on oral microbiota in humans. The outcomes of this review suggest that considerable changes take place in oral microbiota after BS which can be correlated with common oral manifestations. These changes are mainly due to the indirect effect of BS and may vary with the individuals. Due to variations in the included studies, it is difficult to proclaim any persistent pattern of oral microbiota found after BS.
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Deficiency in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Promotes Perivascular Fibrosis following Arterial Injury
Authors: Gogiraju Rajinikanth , Gachkar Sogol , Velmeden David , Bochenek Magdalena L. , Zifkos Konstantinos , Hubert Astrid , Münzel Thomas , Offermanns Stefan , Schäfer Katrin 
Published: September 2022

Background Smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype switching plays a central role during vascular remodeling. Growth factor receptors are negatively regulated by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), including its prototype PTP1B. Here, we examine how reduction of PTP1B in SMCs affects the vascular remodeling response to injury.Methods Mice with inducible PTP1B deletion in SMCs (SMC.PTP1B-KO) were generated by crossing mice expressing Cre.ERT2 recombinase under the Myh11 promoter with PTP1Bflox/flox mice and subjected to FeCl3 carotid artery injury.Results Genetic deletion of PTP1B in SMCs resulted in adventitia enlargement, perivascular SMA+ and PDGFRβ+ myofibroblast expansion, and collagen accumulation following vascular injury. Lineage tracing confirmed the appearance of Myh11-Cre reporter cells in the remodeling adventitia, and SCA1+ CD45- vascular progenitor cells increased. Elevated mRNA expression of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling components or enzymes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and TGFβ liberation was seen in injured SMC.PTP1B-KO mouse carotid arteries, and mRNA transcript levels of contractile SMC marker genes were reduced already at baseline. Mechanistically, Cre recombinase (mice) or siRNA (cells)-mediated downregulation of PTP1B or inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling in SMCs resulted in nuclear accumulation of KLF4, a central transcriptional repressor of SMC differentiation, whereas phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 were reduced. SMAD2 siRNA transfection increased protein levels of PDGFRβ and MYH10 while reducing ERK1/2 phosphorylation, thus phenocopying genetic PTP1B deletion.Conclusion Chronic reduction of PTP1B in SMCs promotes dedifferentiation, perivascular fibrosis, and adverse remodeling following vascular injury by mechanisms involving an ERK1/2 phosphorylation-driven shift from SMAD2 to KLF4-regulated gene transcription.
Evaluation of multi-bit domain wall motion by low current density to obtain ultrafast data rate in a compensated ferrimagnetic wire
Authors: Ranjbar S. , Sumi S. , Tanabe K. , Awano H. 
Published: September 2022

Architectures based on multi-bit magnetic domain walls (DWs) take advantage of the fast speed, high density, nonvolatility, and flexible design of DWs to process and store data bits. However, controlling multi-bit DWs driven by electric current at an ideal position remains a significant challenge for developing integrated spintronic applications with high reliability and low power consumption. We exhibit the possibility of driving fast and stable multi-bit DWs at low current density without an in-plane external magnetic field in Fe-rich GdFeCo magnetic wires. When an in-plane magnetic field is applied in the wire direction, the front edge accelerates, although the rear edge decelerates, and the recorded data are destroyed. Hence, this method is not practical. Here, the DW speed of the multi-bit DWs is 1500 m/s under a low current density of 29 × 1010 (A/m2). A straight DW shape is required to accurately read the bits of information by the tunneling magnetoresistance head in real DW memory devices. Moreover, we demonstrate that the DW position is related to the DW shape after injecting a pulse current into the magnetic wire. A straight DW shape is exhibited for 3 ns pulse duration width, while the DW shape became rounded for 30 and 50 ns pulse duration widths. Our finding provides a practical concept for multiple-bit-per-cell memory and presents a viable platform for DW memory applications.
T-matrix simulations of the optical response of gold nanorods: Impact of dielectric function of nanorods on the simulated optical properties and their sensitivity to the dielectric environment
Authors: Al-Qadi Bassam 
Published: September 2022

The T-matrix approach is used to elucidate the influence of the dielectric function of gold nanorods on their optical response. On the basis of extensive and systematic numerical simulations, we follow the spectral variations of extinction efficiency and field enhancement as a function of the nanorod’s dielectric properties, medium dielectric constant, and aspect ratio. Simulations with six available tabulated gold dielectric functions show different locations of the longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). A shift of up to 50 nm is found and compared with experimental data available in the literature. With the increasing refractive index of the ambient medium, the peaks red shift to higher wavelengths, which can be understood in terms of the reduced plasmon energy due to the reduced restoring forces of the plasmon oscillations. A linear correlation exists between the relative shift of the resonance wavelength and the relative increment of the medium refractive index. The correlation coefficient represents the sensitivity of the resonance to the dielectric environment and is more dependent on the aspect ratio than the dielectric properties of nanorods. However, a non-linear correlation is observed between the relative changes in the resonance extinction peak and the relative refractive index increment of the medium, which is considerably affected by the dielectric properties of nanorods. Results reveal that the field enhancement is influenced primarily by the dielectric environment and the aspect ratio. Simulations with the size-corrected dielectric functions show a broadening of the LSPR with no significant shift, in addition to a reduced extinction efficiency and field enhancement.
Progress, challenges, and trajectories for indigenous language content-based instruction in the United States and Canada
Authors: Wilson William H. , DeCaire Ryan , Gonzalez Brooke Niiyogaabawiikwe , McCarty Teresa L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIndigenous language content-based instruction in the United States and Canada is primarily known as Indigenous language medium or Indigenous language immersion (ILI) education. In spite of huge barriers, it has grown over the past decade. Programs have emerged from concerns about language loss and a desire for language revitalization. Language revitalization takes several generations since it seeks an outcome where the Indigenous language is primary with high, but secondary, proficiency in the nationally dominant language. To establish a trajectory to reach such an outcome, the majority of schooling until high school graduation should be through the Indigenous language. Indigenous language medium schooling also seeks to produce sufficient mastery of academics and English for access to English medium higher education. Where a sufficiently strong model has been implemented, as in Hawaiʻi, those results are beginning to be produced. At present, the models being implemented elsewhere in the two countries are at varying stages of development, with minimal government support.
Novel cosmological bounds on thermally-produced axion-like particles
Authors: Caloni Luca , Gerbino Martina , Lattanzi Massimiliano , Visinelli Luca 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe constrain the coupling of thermally-produced axion-like particles (here axions) with photons and gluons, using data from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) spectra and baryon acoustic oscillations. The axion possesses an explicit soft breaking mass term and it is produced thermally in the early Universe from either axion-photon or axion-gluon processes, accounting for the recent progresses in the field. We derive the most stringent bounds on the axion-gluon coupling to date on the mass range considered 10-4≲ma/ eV ≲ 100, superseding the current bounds from SN1987A. The bounds on the axion-photon coupling are competitive with the results from the CAST collaboration for the axion massma≳ 3eV. We comment on the forecast reaches that will be available given the sensitivity of future CMB-S4 missions.
BICEP/Keck data and quadratic gravity
Authors: Salvio Alberto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The recent results of the BICEP and Keck collaborations have put stringent bounds on many inflationary models, including some well-motivated ones. This is certainly the case when gravity remains described by Einstein's theory up to the inflationary scale, but can be avoided by introducing quadratic-in-curvature terms that are effective at that scale. Recently it has also been shown that these terms can UV complete gravity respecting stability and unitarity. Here the predictions of such quadratic gravity are computed and compared with the BICEP/Keck constraints by focusing on some of the inflationary scenarios that are best-motivated from the particle physics point of view and are already ruled out in Einstein gravity: (critical) Higgs inflation and natural inflation. The first scenario can be considered as the most economical option as the inflaton is identified with the only known elementary scalar field in the Standard Model and the near criticality of the Standard Model is used to remain in the perturbative regime. In the second one a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson contributes to the inflationary dynamics and its potential is naturally flat. It is shown that in both scenarios one can restore the agreement with the observational constraints in quadratic gravity.
Space-time analogy and its application to design schemes borrowed from Fourier optics for processing ultrafast optical signals
Authors: Shakhmuratov R N 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Square-wave pulse generation with a variable duty ratio can be realized with the help of the ideas of Talbot array illuminators formulated for binary phase gratings. A binary temporal phase modulation of continuous wave (CW) laser field propagating through a group-delay-dispersion circuit of the fractional Talbot length

P

/

Q

results in a well defined sequence of square-wave-form pulses. When P = 1 a duty ratio of the pulses D is

1

/

2

for Q = 4 and

1

/

3

for Q = 3 and 6. Maximum intensity of the pulses doubles and triples compared to the CW intensity for

D
=
1

/

2

and

1

/

3

, respectively. These pulses can be used for return-to-zero laser field modulation in optical fiber communication. For

D
=
1

/

3

extra features between the pulses are found originating from a finite rise and drop time of phase in a binary phase modulation. A similar effect to the benefit of the time-space analogy is predicted for binary phase gratings and interpreted as gleams produced by imperfect edges of the components of the rectangular phase gratings.
Modelling of magnetoelectric nanoparticles for non-invasive brain stimulation: a computational study
Authors: Fiocchi Serena , Chiaramello Emma , Marrella Alessandra , Bonato Marta , Parazzini Marta , Ravazzani Paolo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective. Recently developed magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) provide a potential tool to enable different biomedical applications. They could be used to overcome the intrinsic constraints posed by traditional neurostimulation techniques, namely the invasiveness of electrodes-based techniques, the limited spatial resolution, and the scarce efficiency of magnetic stimulation. Approach. By using computational electromagnetic techniques, we modelled the behaviour of recently designed biocompatible MENPs injected, in the shape of clusters, in specific cortical targets of a highly detailed anatomical head model. The distributions and the tissue penetration of the electric fields induced by MENPs clusters in each tissue will be compared to the distributions induced by traditional transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) coils for non-invasive brain stimulation positioned on the left prefrontal cortex (PFC) of a highly detailed anatomical head model. Main results. MENPs clusters can induce highly focused electric fields with amplitude close to the neural activation threshold in all the brain tissues of interest for the treatment of most neuropsychiatric disorders. Conversely, TMS coils can induce electric fields of several tens of V m−1 over a broad volume of the PFC, but they are unlikely able to efficiently stimulate even small volumes of subcortical and deep tissues. Significance. Our numerical results suggest that the use of MENPs for brain stimulation may potentially led to a future pinpoint treatment of neuropshychiatric disorders, in which an impairment of electric activity of specific cortical and subcortical tissues and networks has been assumed to play a crucial role.
Global E × B flow pattern formation and saturation
Authors: Qi Lei , Choi M.J. , Leconte M. , Hahm T.S. , Kwon Jae-Min 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The E × B flow staircase-like pattern observed in the first principle gyrokinetic numerical experiments of tokamak fusion plasmas forms due to a nonlinear time delay. Simulations demonstrate a finite time delay between the staircase occurrence in particle transport and that in the density profile. This novel finding shows that instability can arise from perturbations in transport and then influence the background turbulence. E × B flow staircase plays roles not only in shearing the transport but also as a nonlinear saturation mechanism of staircase instability. Experimental measurements in KSTAR tokamak L-mode plasmas are consistent with the numerical findings.
Data Analysis System Based on REST Architecture for In-Pipe Inspection
Authors: Zhang Hongxian , Zeng Yanli , Guo Xiaoting , Chen Honghe , Liu Guanlin , Wang Qingya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To solve the problems of high maintenance cost, low reusability and poor scalability of in-pipe inspection data analysis system, an in-pipe inspection data analysis system based on REST (Representational State Transfer) architecture is designed and implemented. A multilayer service-oriented architecture based on REST is designed, which decouples the functions of client, middleware, server and data storage to improve the maintainability of the software. REST APIs (Application Program Interfaces) based on HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) are designed, which encapsulate the core functions such as data analysis, signal processing, automatic identification and quantization into language and platform independent services to meet the needs of multiuser, cross platform and online data analysis. An adaptation method of in-line inspection tool based on metadata is designed, which abstracts the in-line inspection tool into a separate metadata file and decouples it from the client and server programs to improve the scalability of the software. Practice has proved the architecture can improve the maintainability, reusability and scalability of the software, and provide a basis for constructing online in-pipe inspection data analysis service based cloud.
Research on Distributed Calculation of Flight Parameters Based on Hadoop
Authors: Li Pengcheng , Chen Haidong , Li Shipeng , Yan Tinggui , Qian Hang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
With the improvement of launch vehicle technology and the increase of launch missions, under the intensive launch tasks, the contradiction between the large-scale calculation demand of flight parameters of launch vehicle and the traditional standalone calculation mode is increasingly prominent, which is mainly reflected in the slow calculation speed, low processing efficiency, limited bandwidth bottleneck, and single point fault. Big data processing architecture Hadoop’s distributed computing framework MapReduce, running in low cost cluster, is innovative applied in the large-scale calculation of launch vehicle’s flight parameters, relying on its distributed storage, coordination and load balancing mechanism. The method effectively improves computing efficiency, breakthroughs performance bottleneck and avoids single point failure. Compared with the traditional standalone deployment and pseudo-distributed cluster deployment based on Hadoop, the fully distributed cluster deployment based on Hadoop is the optimal deployment for calculating flight parameters. The results show that the parallel calculation of flight parameters based on Hadoop could save time used by 51% with the consistency of calculation results, which is the same as the standalone deployment.