bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical effectiveness of the Eruption Guidance Appliances in treating malocclusion in the mixed dentition: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Huang Shuying , Chen Yong , Chen Tianmu , Mallineni Sreekanth Kumar , McGrath Colman , Hagg Urban 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the eruption guidance appliances (EGAs) in treating malocclusion in the early mixed dentition.DesignElectronic databases were comprehensively searched for the eligibility literature of the EGA treatment for a period spanning from the earliest available date in each database up to July 2021. Randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, and prospective and retrospective cohort studies were included in the present review. The quality of clinical trials was assessed according to the Cochrane Collaboration's tools (RoB2.0 and ROBINS‐I), whereas cohort studies were based on the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS). The data were gathered and synthesized with the Stata software (version 12).ResultsThe screen yielded 436 articles, of which 17 papers were potentially eligible, and 7 articles from 3 studies (1 RCT, 1 CCT, and 1 PCS) were qualified for the final review and analysis. The meta‐analysis showed both favorable dentoalveolar and skeletal changes in short term. Both overjet and overbite had a significant decrease after treatment (MD = −2.38 mm, 95% CI: −2.82 to −1.94, p < .001, and MD = −2.43 mm, 95% CI: −3.52 to −1.35, p < .001, respectively), and SNB increased significantly by 0.73 degrees (95% CI: 0.17–1.28, p = .01). After the retention period, however, overbite had a significant increase of 0.88mm, which indicated the occurrence of a relapse (95% CI: 0.60–1.16, p < .001).ConclusionsAccording to the existing evidence, the EGA treatment is effectively correcting overjet and overbite in the early mixed dentition in short term; furthermore, high‐quality and long‐term studies are warranted to determine its long‐term effectiveness.
Extreme party animals: Effects of political identification and ideological extremity
Authors: Brown Joshua K. , Hohman Zachary P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMany Americans’ political identity is more relevant, salient, and central than their American identity. Political parties provide party members with an identity and belief system. Political identities influence identity‐based ideologies which increase affective polarization and potential anti‐social intergroup conflict between political parties. The purpose of the current research is to determine how political party identification and ideological extremity influences affective polarization for Republicans and Democrats across two studies. Participants in both studies completed a survey which measured political identification, ideological extremity, and uniquely operationalized measures of affective polarization, including support for co‐partisans, attitudes about political rivals, emotions towards political rivals, action tendencies towards political rivals, and perceived threat from political rivals. Study 1 (N = 530) used responses to the survey from a convenience sample crowdsourced by Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT) in 2018. Study 1 showed that higher political party identification is associated with significantly higher affective polarization for members of both parties and that ideological extremity partially mediates this effect. Study 2 (N = 260) used a 2020 AMT sample to replicate Study 1’s results. Findings extend our understanding of identity‐based ideological extremity and suggest that affective polarization could be driven by political party identification and partisans’ ideological extremity.
Curcumin analog HO‐3867 triggers apoptotic pathways through activating JNK1/2 signalling in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Chen Chi‐Wei , Hsieh Ming‐Ju , Ju Po‐Chung , Hsieh Yi‐Hsien , Su Chun‐Wen , Chen Yen‐Lin , Yang Shun‐Fa , Lin Chiao‐Wen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHuman oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the common head and neck malignancy in the world. While surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are emerging as the standard treatment for OSCC patients, the outcome is limited to the recurrence and side effects. Therefore, patients with OSCC require alternative strategies for treatment. In this study, we aimed to explore the therapeutic effect and the mode of action of the novel curcumin analog, HO‐3867, against human OSCC cells. We analysed the cytotoxicity of HO‐3867 using MTT assay. In vitro mechanic studies were performed to determine whether MAPK pathway is involved in HO‐3867 induced cell apoptosis. As the results, we found HO‐3867 suppressed OSCC cells growth effectively. The flow cytometry data indicate that HO‐3867 induce the sub‐G1 phase. Moreover, we found that HO‐3867 induced cell apoptosis by triggering formation of activated caspase 3, caspase 8, caspase 9 and PARP. After dissecting MAPK pathway, we found HO‐3867 induced cell apoptosis via the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK)1/2 pathway. Our results suggest that HO‐3867 is an effective anticancer agent as its induction of cell apoptosis through JNK1/2 pathway in human oral cancer cells.
Enhanced antimicrobial activity against Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris in apple juice by genome shuffling of Lactobacillus acidophilusNX2‐6
Authors: Sun Jing , Gao Yuqi , Zhu Xiaoyu , Lu Zhaoxin , Lu Yingjian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFood safety and quality are seriously compromised by the growth of spoilage bacteria in food. Various lactic acid bacteria (LAB) may inhibit the growth of spoilage bacteria in food and animal feed. In our study, the antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus NX2‐6 was improved by genome shuffling. The starting populations were obtained via 60Coγ‐ray, diethyl sulfate mutagenesis, and UV mutagenesis of protoplasts. The optimal conditions for protoplast formation and regeneration were found to be 30 mg/ml of lysozyme at 37°C for 40 min. The protoplasts were inactivated by UV irradiation for 110 s or by heating at 58°C for 30 min. After two rounds of genome shuffling, the inhibitory activity of strain F50 was improved by 5.6‐fold compared to the original strain. The shuffled strain has broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity and is a promising candidate for bio‐preservative. The antibacterial substances produced by L. acidophilus NX2‐6 can be applied to the preservation of apple juice. The results showed that the growth of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris in apple juice was significantly inhibited by the addition of 0.1% culture supernatant with acidocin NX2‐6 at 28°C and 0.2% culture supernatant with acidocin NX2‐6 at 45°C for 30 days. The sugar−acid ratio, pH value, clarity, and fruit flavor of apple juice were well maintained during storage. This study showed that genome shuffling was an effective strategy to improve the bacterial inhibitory activity of LAB and that the shuffled LAB and their metabolites are expected to be used as bio‐based food protectors for food safety.
Ustekinumab does not increase risk of new or recurrent cancer in inflammatory bowel disease patients with prior malignancy
Authors: Hasan Badar , Tandon Kanwarpreet Singh , Miret Rafael , Khan Sikandar , Riaz Amir , Gonzalez Adalberto , Rahman Asad Ur , Charles Roger , Narula Neeraj , Castro Fernando J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimThere is limited data on the rate of new or recurrent cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and a history of prior or current malignancy who are initiated on biologic therapies. Furthermore, there is no data on this topic in patients using ustekinumab.MethodsThe retrospective study included 341 patients with IBD and a history of cancer who were subsequently treated with vedolizumab (VDZ; n = 34), ustekinumab (USK; n = 27), tumor necrosis factor α antagonists (anti‐TNF; n = 99), or had no immunosuppressive therapy (control; n = 181). Cox proportional hazard models were developed to determine the independent effect of post‐cancer immunosuppressive treatment on the occurrence of incident cancer.ResultsOver a median of 5.2 person‐years of follow up, cancer recurrence occurred in only one patient on anti‐TNF, while new cancers developed in one patient on VDZ, three patients on USK, and six patients on anti‐TNF, corresponding to cancer rates of 0.4, 1.8, and 0.7 per 100 person‐years, respectively. The rate of incident cancer in control patients was 2.4 per 100 person‐years and included 18 new and 9 recurrent cancers. Compared with controls, a stepwise Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for significant covariates found no increased risk of incident cancer in patients receiving post‐malignancy treatment with USK (hazard ratio [HR] 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.25–3.03), VDZ (HR 0.18; 95% CI 0.03–1.35), or anti‐TNF (HR 0.47; 95% CI 0.20–1.12).ConclusionUse of biologic therapy in IBD patients with a previous history of malignancy was not associated with an increased risk of new or recurrent cancer.
Intrapersonal, interpersonal and environmental correlates of moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time in adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Ptomey L. T. , Helsel B. C. , White D. A. , Lee J. , Sherman J. R. , Washburn R. A. , Gorczyca A. M. , Donnelly J. E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough correlates of physical activity (PA) have been extensively examined in both children and adolescents who are typically developing, little is known about correlates of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time in adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Therefore, we examined intrapersonal, interpersonal and environmental factors and their association with device‐based MVPA and sedentary time in adolescents with IDD.MethodsMVPA and sedentary time was assessed using a hip‐worn ActiGraph model wGT3x‐BT tri‐axial accelerometer across a 7‐day period in adolescents with IDD and one of their parents. Pearson and point‐biserial correlations were calculated to inspect the associations of PA (MVPA, sedentary time) with intrapersonal factors (demographic characteristic, BMI, waist circumference, motor ability, muscle strength, grip strength, cardiovascular fitness and self‐efficacy for PA), interpersonal factors (parent demographics, parent BMI, parent MVPA and sedentary time, family social support for PA, parent barriers and support for PA, parent's beliefs/attitudes towards PA and number of siblings), and environmental factors (meteorologic season and COVID‐19). Ordinary least squares regression was used to estimate the unique contributions of key factors to PA after controlling for participants' age, sex, race, waist circumference and total wear time.ResultsNinety‐two adolescents (15.5 ± 3.0 years old, 21.7% non‐White, 6.5% Hispanic, 56.5% female) provided valid accelerometer data. Average sedentary time was 494.6 ± 136.4 min/day and average MVPA was 19.8 ± 24.2 min/day. Age (r = 0.27, P = 0.01), diagnosis of congenital heart disease (r = −0.26, P = 0.01) and parent sedentary time (r = 0.30, P = 0.01) were correlated with sedentary time. BMI (r = −0.24, P = 0.03), waist circumference (r = −0.28, P = 0.01), identifying as White (r = −0.23, P = 0.03) and parent MVPA (r = 0.56, P < 0.001) were correlated with MVPA. After adjusting for the adolescent's age, sex, race, waist circumference, and total wear time, the association between parent and adolescent MVPA remained significant (b = 0.55, P < 0.01, partial η2 = 0.11).ConclusionThe results of this study provide evidence that race, waist circumference and parental MVPA may influence the amount of MVPA in adolescents with IDD. The limited available information and the potential health benefits of increased MVPA highlight the need to evaluate the effectiveness of multi‐component interventions targeting both intrapersonal and interpersonal levels to promote increased PA in adolescents with IDD.
Salary and Workload of Midwives Across Birth Center Practice Types and State Regulatory Structures
Authors: Ross Lisa , Jolles Diana , Hoehn‐Velasco Lauren , Wright Jennifer , Bauer Kate , Stapleton Susan 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionExpansion of the midwifery‐led birth center model of care is one pathway to improving maternal and newborn health. There are a variety of practice types among birth centers and a range of state regulatory structures of midwifery practice across the United States. This study investigated how those variations relate to pay and workload for midwives at birth centers.MethodsData from the American Association of Birth Centers Practice Survey and the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ report on occupational employment and wage statistics were analyzed to explore how midwife salaries and workload at birth centers compare within and beyond the birth center model.ResultsSurvey results from 161 birth centers across the United States demonstrate wide variation in nurse‐midwife salaries and are inconsistent with nurse‐midwife salaries across all settings as reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The reported number of hours worked by midwives within the birth center model is high. Salaries of midwives who work in birth center–only practices were consistently lower than salaries of midwives who worked in blended birth center and hospital practices, independent of the midwife's level of experience, geographic region of the country, and state regulatory structure.DiscussionFurther research is needed to understand how to bring salaries and workload for midwives at birth centers into alignment with national averages.
Comparison of effectiveness and safety for low versus full dose of apixaban during extended phase oral anticoagulation in patients with venous thromboembolism
Authors: DeRemer Christina E. , Dietrich Eric A. , Kang Hye‐Rim , Huang Pei‐Lin , Lo‐Ciganic Wei‐Hsuan , Park Haesuk 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal dose of apixaban therapy to prevent asecondary venous thromboembolism (VTE) event remains unconfirmed.To investigate the effects of extended phase use of apixaban (2.5 vs. 5 mg twice daily) beyond 6 months of initial treatment on the risk of recurrent VTE and major bleeding events among patients with a history of VTE.MethodsA retrospective cohort analysis of two large national insurance claims databases was conducted for patients diagnosed with VTE. Cox proportional hazard models after propensity score matching were used to compare the risk of recurrent VTE and major bleeding.ResultsThere were no detected differences in recurrent VTE or major bleeding events between patients prescribed low versus full dose apixaban.ConclusionThis study provides evidence that apixaban 2.5 mg twice daily is an alternative option for extended phase therapy for risk reduction of VTE recurrence compared to apixaban 5 mg twice daily.
Resolution of Excessive Interocclusal Restoration Space Post‐Mandibulectomy Using a Two‐Layer Retrievable Fixed Implant‐Supported Prosthesis: A Case Report
Authors: Lan Yi‐Hao , Yang Hsiao‐Ying , Chang Hao‐Hueng , Lin Li‐Deh , Wang Tong‐Mei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPatients treated with segmental mandibulectomy often require complicated rehabilitation. Maintenance of mandibular continuity and provision of adequate soft and hard tissue volumes are two key factors required for good clinical outcomes. Moreover, excessive interocclusal restoration space is a common problem in these patients. This case report describes the process of prosthetic rehabilitation from extensive surgical excision to final rehabilitation by using a creative two‐layer fixed implant prosthesis in a 70‐year‐old patient with oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Exploring rural doctors’ early experiences of coping with the emerging COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Couper Ian , Walters Lucie , Williams Susan , Campbell David , White Isabella , Stewart Ruth , Konkin Jill 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeTo understand how rural doctors (physicians) responded to the emerging COVID‐19 pandemic and their strategies for coping.MethodsEarly in the pandemic doctors (physicians) who practise rural and remote medicine were invited to participate through existing rural doctors’ networks. Thirteen semi‐structured interviews were conducted with rural doctors from 11 countries. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded using NVivo. A thematic analysis was used to identify common ideas and narratives.FindingsParticipants’ accounts described highly adaptable and resourceful responses to address the crisis. Rapid changes to organizational and clinical practices were implemented, at a time of uncertainty, anxiety, and fear, and with limited information and resources. Strong relationships and commitment to their colleagues and communities were integral to shaping and sustaining these doctors’ responses. We identified five common themes underpinning rural doctors’ shared experiences: (1) caring for patients in a context of uncertainty, fear, and anxiety; (2) practical solutions through improvising and being resourceful; (3) gaining community trust and cooperation; (4) adapting to unrelenting pressures; and (5) reaffirming commitments. These themes are discussed in relation to the Lazarus and Folkman stress and coping model.ConclusionsWith limited resources and support, these rural doctors’ practical responses to the COVID‐19 crisis underscore strong problem‐focused coping strategies and shared commitments to their communities, patients, and colleagues. They drew support from sharing experiences with peers (emotion‐focused coping) and finding positive meanings in their experiences (meaning‐based coping). The psychosocial impact on rural doctors working at the limits of their adaptive resources is an ongoing concern.
Visual–inertial structural acceleration measurement
Authors: Weng Yufeng , Lu Zheng , Lu Xilin , Spencer Billie F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStructural vibration measurement is a crucial and necessary step for structural health monitoring. Recently, computer vision‐based techniques have been proposed by researchers to measure structural motion remotely. However, the direct application of vision‐based measurement to practical applications still faces some challenges, mainly because intrinsic camera vibration can introduce significant errors to the measurement results. In this study, a three‐stage approach using an embedded inertial measurement unit is proposed to compensate for the camera movement. First, camera rotations are estimated by employing a complementary filter with an adaptive gain to fuse gyroscope measurement and accelerometer data. Next, binary robust invariant scalable key‐point features are detected from the region of interest and tracked between video frames using a Kanade–Lucas–Tomasi tracker. Finally, structural acceleration is obtained by combining the information for the obtained structural features and the estimated nonstationary camera motion. The performance of the proposed approach is investigated using both a moving handheld camera and a camera mounted on the unmanned aerial vehicle in the laboratory. These results demonstrate that the proposed method can be effectively applied to measure structural vibration, without requiring stationary background features to be available in the video.
The nonstructural protein NSs encoded by tomato zonate spot virus suppresses RNA silencing by interacting with NbSGS3
Authors: Chen Jianbin , Zheng Limin , Shi Xiaobin , Zhang Songbai , Tan Xinqiu , Zhao Xingyue , Lu Bingxin , Ye Qian , Miao Shuyue , Liu Yong , Zhang Deyong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractViral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) are encoded by diverse viruses to counteract the RNA silencing‐mediated defence mounted by the virus‐infected host cells. In this study, we identified the NSs protein encoded by tomato zonate spot virus (TZSV) as a potent VSR, and used a potato virus X (PVX)‐based heterologous expression system to demonstrate TZSV NSs as a viral pathogenicity factor that intensified PVX symptoms in Nicotiana benthamiana. We then used a yeast two‐hybrid screen to identify the suppressor of gene silencing 3 protein of N. benthamiana (NbSGS3), a known component of the plant RNA silencing pathway, as an interaction partner of TZSV NSs. We verified this interaction in plant cells with bimolecular fluorescence complementation, subcellular colocalization, and co‐immunoprecipitation. We further revealed that the NSs–NbSGS3 interaction correlated with the VSR activity of TZSV NSs. TZSV NSs reduced the concentration of NbSGS3 protein in plant cells, probably through the ubiquitination and autophagy pathways. Interestingly, TZSV infection, but not NSs overexpression, significantly up‐regulated the NbSGS3 transcript levels. Our data indicate that TZSV NSs suppresses RNA silencing of the host plant and enhances TZSV pathogenicity through its interaction with NbSGS3. This study reveals a novel molecular mechanism of NSs‐mediated suppression of plant host antiviral defence.
The MoPah1 phosphatidate phosphatase is involved in lipid metabolism, development, and pathogenesis in Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Zhao Juan , Sun Peng , Sun Qiping , Li Renjian , Qin Ziting , Sha Gan , Zhou Yaru , Bi Ruiqing , Zhang Haifeng , Zheng Lu , Chen Xiao‐Lin , Yang Long , Li Qiang , Li Guotian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs with the majority of the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogens, the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae uses highly specialized infection structures called appressoria for plant penetration. Appressoria differentiated from germ tubes rely on enormous turgor pressure to directly penetrate the plant cell, in which process lipid metabolism plays a critical role. In this study, we characterized the MoPAH1 gene in M. oryzae, encoding a putative highly conserved phosphatidate phosphatase. The expression of MoPAH1 was up‐regulated during plant infection. The MoPah1 protein is expressed at all developmental and infection stages, and is localized to the cytoplasm. Disruption of MoPAH1 causes pleiotropic defects in vegetative growth, sporulation, and heat tolerance. The lipid profile is significantly altered in the Mopah1 mutant. Lipidomics assays showed that the level of phosphatidic acid (PA) was increased in the mutant, which had reduced levels of diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol. Using a PA biosensor, we showed that the increased level of PA in the Mopah1 mutant was primarily accumulated in the vacuole. The Mopah1 mutant was blocked in both conidiation and the formation of appressorium‐like structures at hyphal tips. It was nonpathogenic and failed to cause any blast lesions on rice and barley seedlings. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that MoPah1 regulates the expression of transcription factors critical for various developmental and infection‐related processes. The Mopah1 mutant was reduced in the expression and phosphorylation of Pmk1 MAP kinase and delayed in autophagy. Our study demonstrates that MoPah1 is necessary for lipid metabolism, fungal development, and pathogenicity in M. oryzae.