bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are We Training Our Undergraduates as Professional Horticulturists?
Authors: Mahlstede J. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Most of us gathered here consider ourselves professional horticulturists. Some define their profession as that of teacher, scientist, or extension specialist. Others regard themselves as commodity-oriented professionals in olericulture, pomology, viticulture, ornamental horticulture, or enology. Summaries from questionnaires emanating from the composite of study committees of this organization suggest that professional horticulturists might be classified by field of science; that is, broadly as biologists, with specializations in physiology, morphology, ecology, cell biology, molecular genetics, and so forth.
In-Service Training Programs for Extension Staff1
Authors: Minges P. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The trend in extension education is toward greater specialization and increased responsibility among the field staff for the educational programs directed to specific audiences. This generally leads to a greater demand for in-service training of extension agents. It is often true that the specialized extension agent arrives on his job with more training in his speciality, but sadly lacking in much of the knowledge and many of the skills essential to conduct an effective extension program in his area of responsibility. Though most good extension workers gradually acquire essential knowledge and develop skills through their own efforts, they should reach a desirable level of competence in much less time if some formal in-service training is provided. For experienced personnel, programs to help keep them up-to-date are highly desirable, and in some cases, special training is needed to prepare them for new responsibilities.
Cucumber Sex Expression Modified by Growth Regulators1
Authors: Freytag A. H. , Lira E. P. , Isleib D. R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Application of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (10 ppm) to monoecious cucumber plants at the first true leaf has produced predominately staminate flowers on treated plants while treatment with 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (100 ppm) resulted in predominately pistillate flowers on treated plants. These 2 growth regulators applied together produced about the same effect as 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid alone.
Repetitive Flowering from a Single Floral Axis in Camellia1
Authors: Ackerman W. L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An unusual flowering phenomenon has been observed for 4 consecutive years on an unnamed Camellia japonica clone, PI 276119. While many faded blossoms dropped from the plants, others remained firmly attached. The inner portion of the tightly folded center of each persistant faded blossom remained pinkish-white. These centers expanded and were similar to emerging flower buds except they did not have bud scales. Elongation of the old flower axis placed the new bud slightly above the old flower. Following a resting stage of 6 weeks to about 4 months, new blossoms developed on the same axis and directly above the old flowers. During the 1970 season as many as 3 successive blooms were observed one upon the other.
The physiological aspects of this phenomenon are contrary to normal flower bud development in camellia. Repetitive flowering from a single floral axis appears to violate the principle of determinate growth of flower buds.
A tale of two contaminants: stark differences in the response of N and P to urban lake mitigation efforts
Authors: Cox Tim , Wolosoff Steven , Shum Clifford , Nik-Khah Taraneh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A constructed in-lake water quality mitigation system has proven itself to be effective at reducing Machado Lake phosphorus (P) levels, but ineffective at reducing nitrogen (N) levels. A combination of lake sediment dredging and capping, oxygenation, and a recirculating wetland have reduced lake water column P levels by nearly 50%, as compared to pre-project levels. Key to this result has been the dampening of seasonal P recycling in the sediments. A new lake water quality numerical model is presented, with applications to both pre- and post-project conditions. Model auditing has revealed very good results with respect to predicting mitigation impacts on P but poor results with respect to predicting the performance, or lack thereof, of the N mitigation system. Model sensitivity analyses indicate that the P reductions are primarily attributable to the sediment dredging and capping. Conversely, seasonal data, supported by modeling, suggest that the poor performance of the N mitigation system may be attributable to incomplete removal, or sequestration, of sediment N mass during dredging and/or a lack of impact from the oxygenation system. Future mitigation efforts for the lake should focus on reducing the substantial watershed nutrient loads to the lake and further in-lake P inactivation.
Adaptive ecological baseflow computation based on the ecological requirements: a case study in Weihe Basin, China
Authors: Liu Dandan , Xie Jiancang , Yang Xue , Wei Na , Gao Shuang , Yang Zijie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A certain flow plays a key role in preventing the shrinkage and drying of the river while maintaining good functionality. In recent years, ecological baseflow has become an important research issue in China with the emergence of ecological protection. Various ecological baseflow methods and their improvement methods were proposed and applied, but the reliability and applicability of the results are yet to be verified. This paper proposes an advanced ecological baseflow computation-dynamic thematic evaluation service model by considering the ecological protection objectives. The method was applied to five key cross-sections of the Weihe River, and a set of recommended ecological baseflow values was obtained considering the connectivity, water environment, and water-sediment balance, which is in line with the actual requirements. The analysis shows that the method has reliability and operability, which can provide support for management decisions.
FEATURES OF DISTANCE EDUCATION AT THE OTOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD AND NECK SURGERY DEPARTMENT
Authors: Herych O. M. , Popovych V. I. , Orishchak D. T. , Koshel I. V. , Vasylіuk N. V. , Herych P. R. , Orishchak O. R. 
Published: September 2022

Quality education is the key to the country's future, essential to its national identity and welfare. In the modern labor market, the requirements for professional competencies of graduates are growing. This situation led to new forms and higher education methods aimed at creating a comprehensive continuing education system and expanding the scope of independent student work that will form self-organization skills and self-education [1,2].
Distance learning is a purposeful process of interaction between teacher and student, based on the use of modern information and telecommunication technologies that allow distance learning, which is relevant in today's conditions. [3,4,5,6]. The widespread of distance learning is not accidental. It is a natural development stage and education adaptation to current conditions [7,8]. The introduction of distance learning at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery is an important part of education in higher medical schools in current conditions.
Otorhinolaryngology is a clinical discipline, so the learning process cannot be carried out in distance learning based only on test control and oral answer. Thus, teachers should use quality illustrative material and modern resources such as the School of Evidence-Based Medicine, the Academy of Otorhinolaryngology "Eurolor", Ivano-Frankivsk School of Otolaryngology, to motivate students to study and think logically using clinical information and medical knowledge to solve complex clinical problems. Those resources have many videos of clinical cases with real patients, comments during the process of clinical examination and chosen treatment strategy, and in the case of surgical treatment, demonstration of all stages of the surgical procedure from the operating room.
Our work aimed to improve the quality of distance learning by systematizing the acquired knowledge and professional skills based on the principles of evidence-based medicine.
STRUCTURAL-GEOMETRIC INDICATORS OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE IN THE EVALUATION OF ELECTRICAL REMODELATION OF THE HEART OF THE HEAD OF CHRONIC SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION IN THE INFLAMMATION
Authors: Nyshchuk-Oliynyk N. B. 
Published: September 2022

Stable coronary artery disease in combination with type 2 diabetes mellitus remains one of the leading causes of disability and mortality. Therefore, the study of prognostic factors in the combination of these diseases remains relevant. The question of the influence of the inflammatory component on the development of atherosclerosis in patients with CCS in combination with type 2 diabetes mellitus is studied in this article. The influence of the severity of chronic systemic inflammation on the features of myocardial remodeling in such a combined pathology remains unclear.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the features of LV myocardial remodeling on the background of chronic systemic inflammation in patients with stable coronary artery disease with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus.
120 patients were examined, including 90 patients with SCAD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (group I) and 30 patients with SCAD (group II). Patients in both groups had SCAD: angina class II-III by CCS classification. It was found that in patients with SCAD and type 2 diabetes mellitus and without it, type 1 diastolic heart dysfunction prevailed (relaxation disorders). Prognostically unfavorable type of remodeling, concentric LV hypertrophy, predominated in patients with SCAD associated with type 2 diabetes.
The study showed that the increase in the integrated indicators of chronic systemic inflammation in patients with SCAD with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with diastolic left ventricular dysfunction, hyperlipidemia, and this should be considered when choosing tactics of patient management.
Conclusion: In our opinion, local disruption of lipid transport in the tissue is the basis of atherosclerotic lesions of the vascular wall, which develops independently of inflammation in it, but is significantly potentiated by the mediators of inflammation.
Reconstruction of structural and functional parameters of the heart and disorders of intracardiac hemodynamics are characteristic of patients with SCAD without and in combination with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and in the latter case is more profound. These processes are initiated and deepened against the background of chronic systemic inflammation, which may be marked with elevated levels of ST2, hs-SRP, TMAO, TLR2, TLR4 and hematological indices.
FEATURES OF COVID-19-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA IN UNVACCINATED PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Skakun O. Z. 
Published: September 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is an important medical and social problem. Comorbidities may aggravate the clinical course of COVID-19 and increase mortality. The aimof this study was to investigate the clinical course of the COVID-19 in patients withstages IІ and III hypertension. 135 unvaccinated patients hospitalized for the COVID-19complicated by pneumonia were examined. The patients included in the study were divided into 2 groups: the main group (106 patients with hypertension) and the control group (29 patients without hypertension). In the main group, 11.3% of patients died, and in the control group, 6.9% of patients died. The mean age of the dead patients of both groups was higher than the mean age of the survivors (p = 0.035). It was found that patients with diabetes mellitus had a higher mortality rate than patients who did not have diabetes mellitus (RR= 2.96 [1.01–8.67], p = 0.047). Also, in the main group, the body mass index in patients who died was higher than in survivors (p = 0.02). Creatinine level at the time of discharge was higher in the main group (97.8 ± 4.0 μmol/L) than in the control group (84.2 ± 6.2 μmol/L) (p = 0.008). So, the lethality rate due to COVID-19 complicated by pneumonia in unvaccinated inpatients was 10.4%. Increased body mass index, diabetes mellitus, and old age are risk factors for death from the COVID-19 complicated by pneumonia.
Optymalny układ linii kolei dużych prędkości w Polsce
Authors: Wójcicki Tadeusz 
Published: September 2022

W Polsce istnieje obecnie kilka izolowanych odcinków linii kolei dużych prędkości (KDP), a ponadto opracowano szereg planów budowy następnych linii KDP. Niestety plany te są niestabilne, fragmentaryczne, a ponadto w wielu punktach kontrowersyjne. Zachodzi zatem obawa, że ich ustalenia nie są właściwe, co może doprowadzić do stworzenia docelowo niespójnej i niefunkcjonalnej sieci tych linii. W tej sytuacji niniejsze opracowanie ma na celu identyfikację mocnych i słabych stron dotychczasowych ustaleń tych planów oraz na tej podstawie dokonanie wstępnego wyboru rozwiązań optymalnych prowadzących do stworzenia docelowo spójnego systemu KDP dostosowanego do potrzeb pasażerów. Przede wszystkim autor zwraca uwagę na diametralne różnice w ustaleniach rozwojowych między Koncepcją przestrzennego zagospodarowania kraju 2030 a Strategią zrównoważonego rozwoju transportu do 2030 roku, dowodząc, że ten drugi dokument planistyczny powstał na bazie programu rozwoju Centralnego Portu Komunikacyjnego (CPK) bez uwzględnienia wcześniej opracowanej Koncepcji. Tymczasem ta koncepcja zawiera lepsze rozwiązania rozwojowe niż Strategia, głównie z powodu oparcia w Koncepcji przyszłego kształtu sieci linii KDP na zidentyfikowanej strukturze osadniczej kraju, a nie na zasadzie linii KDP zbiegających się w CPK z pominięciem częstokroć centrów wielkich aglomeracji miejskich w Polsce. Korygując ten podstawowy błąd Strategii i programu kolejowego CPK, autor opracował wstępnie optymalny układ 11 linii KDP w Polsce, przebiegających przez centra 10 największych aglomeracji krajowych i wiążących je z 8 aglomeracjami zagranicznymi położonymi najbliżej granicy Polski. W tym układzie obsługa szybką koleją lotniska CPK została oparta tylko na jednej linii KDP biegnącej z Warszawy do Łodzi przy założeniu, że dojazdy do CPK z innych miast zostaną zapewnione pośrednio, głównie przez przesiadki na stacjach węzłowych KDP w centrach Warszawy i Łodzi. Wybrane przez autora największe aglomeracje w kraju to Warszawa, Katowice, Kraków, Łódź, Gdańsk–Gdynia, Wrocław, Poznań, Bydgoszcz–Toruń, Szczecin i Lublin, natomiast wyżej wspomniane aglomeracje zagraniczne to Berlin, Kijów, Budapeszt, Wiedeń, Mińsk, Praga, Lipsk oraz Ryga. Słowa kluczowe: transport kolejowy, kolej dużych prędkości, linie kolejowe, parametry techniczne, optymalizacja lokalizacji inwestycji transportowych, Polska
Virtual Reality Technology in Cognitive Rehabilitation Application: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: He Danni , Cao Shihua , Le Yuchao , Wang Mengxin , Chen Yanfei , Qian Beiying 
Published: September 2022

Background
In recent years, with the development of computer science and medical science, virtual reality (VR) technology has become a promising tool for improving cognitive function. Research on VR-based cognitive training has garnered increasing attention.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the application status, research hot spots, and emerging trends of VR in cognitive rehabilitation over the past 20 years.

Methods
Articles on VR-based cognitive rehabilitation from 2001 to 2021 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace software was used for the visual analysis of authors and countries or regions, and Scimago Graphica software was used for the geographic visualization of published countries or regions. Keywords were clustered using the gCLUTO software.

Results
A total of 1259 papers were included. In recent years, research on the application of VR in cognitive rehabilitation has been widely conducted, and the annual publication of relevant literature has shown a positive trend. The main research areas include neuroscience and neurology, psychology, computer science, and rehabilitation. The United States ranked first with 328 papers, and Italy ranked second with 140 papers. Giuseppe Riva, an Italian academic, was the most prolific author with 29 publications. The most frequently cited reference was “Using Reality to Characterize Episodic Memory Profiles in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: Influence of Active and Passive Encoding.” The most common keywords used by researchers include “virtual reality,” “cognition,” “rehabilitation,” “performance,” and “older adult.” The largest source of research funding is from the public sector in the United States.

Conclusions
The bibliometric analysis provided an overview of the application of VR in cognitive rehabilitation. VR-based cognitive rehabilitation can be integrated into multiple disciplines. We conclude that, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the development of VR-based telerehabilitation is crucial, and there are still many problems that need to be addressed, such as the lack of consensus on treatment methods and the existence of safety hazards.
The Impact of Smartphone Apps Designed to Reduce Food Waste on Improving Healthy Eating, Financial Expenses and Personal Food Waste: Crossover Pilot Intervention Trial Studying Students’ User Experiences
Authors: Mathisen Therese Fostervold , Johansen Frode Ramstad 
Published: September 2022

Background
Global sustainability and individual health need coordinated attention. While individuals are recommended a healthy diet to reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases, global attention to natural resource conservation is also needed. The latter specifically means effective measures to reduce food waste.

Objective
This pilot study evaluates the experiences of students and effect from using smartphone apps designed to reduce food waste on personal healthy eating, financial expenses, and food waste.

Methods
A total of 6 students from different study programs (mean age 24.7, SD 2.9) were recruited to evaluate 2 different apps designed to reduce food waste and to register food consumption, food waste, and financial food expenses before and after the app trials. The apps evaluated were the commercially available TotalCtrl Home and Too-Good-To-Go. Results were analyzed by mixed methods, comprising statistical analyses for quantifiable data and thematic analyses for qualitative data. The apps were used separately in random order, each for 1 month. Primary outcome was user expectations to and experiences from the use of the apps, which were obtained by semistructured interviews. Secondary outcomes were changes in food waste volume, financial food expenses, and healthy eating. While information on food waste and food expenses was obtained by weighing food waste and registering food costs for 2 weeks before and after app trials, scores for consuming healthy diets were calculated from registered food records by scoring criteria matched to national recommendations for healthy eating.

Results
Awareness on food waste increased after app trials, but experiences with apps pointed toward several potential for technical and content improvements. The students reported that there were too many manual operations in the apps to induce permanent use (TotalCtrl Home), that services seemed more concerned about the producers’ interests than the individual’s needs (Too-Good-To-Go), and that they missed a composite app that included functions to promote healthy eating and overview of budget and expenses as well as of food waste (both apps). Use of apps designed to reduce food waste and personal costs and to improve healthy eating did not result in any measurable effects, that is, no change in food waste (mean change 0.81, SD 1.5 kg; P=.13), healthy eating (mean change –0.24, SD 0.43; P=.24), or personal food expenses (mean change 47.5 NOK or US $4.8, SD 416.9 NOK or US $42.5; P=.39).

Conclusions
Apps may aid in increased awareness of food waste at the producer and consumer levels. Large-scale studies with longer duration are needed to see if apps may induce measurable changes in food waste, healthy eating, and financial expenses.
Validity of the Parsley Symptom Index—an Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes Measure Designed for Telehealth: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Williams Hants , Steinberg Sarah , Leon Kendall , O’Shea Catherine , Berzin Robin , Hagg Heather 
Published: September 2022

Background
Electronic patient-reported outcomes measures (e-PROMs) are a valuable tool for the monitoring and management of chronic conditions over time. However, there are few validated tools available that capture symptoms across body systems in telehealth settings. The Parsley Symptom Index (PSI) is a recently developed symptom assessment for adults with chronic disease in telehealth settings. A previous study demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of the PSI in a clinical telehealth setting.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess convergent validity between the PSI and the self-rated health (SRH) item.

Methods
This prospective cohort study took place from January 15, 2021, to December 15, 2021, among a sample of 10,519 adult patients at Parsley Health, a subscription-based holistic medical practice. The PSI and the SRH were completed by patients via an online portal. The association between the PSI and SRH was assessed via polyserial and polychoric correlations, while weighted κ scores provided information related to agreement between the PSI and SRH.

Results
From 22,748 responses, there were moderate levels of association (polyserial r=0.51; polychoric r=0.52) and agreement (weighted κ=0.46) between the PSI and SRH. In total, 74.13% (n=16,865) of responses between the PSI and SRH were relatively congruent while 36.17% (n=8229) were literally congruent.

Conclusions
The PSI demonstrates convergent validity with the SRH for adults with chronic disease in a telehealth setting. This finding further supports the validation of the PSI in a real-world clinical setting. Although it is conceptually similar to the 1-question SRH, the PSI is a 45-item PROM designed to capture quality of life and specific symptoms by body system. Future studies will compare the PSI to multi-item PROMs.
KADAR LEMAK IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) DI DANAU LINDU SERTA PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI SUMBER PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Arsitas Dian , Nurdin Musdalifah , Masrianih Masrianih , Laenggeng Abd Hakim 
Published: September 2022

Kadar lemak merupakan suatu molekul yang terdiri atas oksigen, hidrogen, karbon dan terkadang terdapat nitrogen serta fosforus. Lemak tidak mudah larut dalam air, untuk dapat melarutkan lemak dibutuhkan pelarut khusus lemak seperti Cholorofom. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan kadar lemak ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) yang berasal dari Danau Lindu serta pemanfaatannya sebagai sumber pembelajaran berupa penuntun praktikum. Penelitian telah dilakukan dari bulan Juli 2021 sampai Agustus 2021. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen. Hasil penelitian di danau lindu dilakukan dengan menggunakan pengukuran parameter lingkungan,pada tiga tempat yang berbeda yaitu suhu(°C) 26.9 °C, salinitas 24%˳, Ph 6.5, DO (Mg/L) 4.4 Mg/. Sedangkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Laboratorium menunjukkan ikan nila U1 kadar lemaknya 1.436 %, ikan nila U2 kadar lemaknya 1.880 %, ikan nila U3 kadar lemaknya 1.295%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar lemak yang didapatkan tergolong dalam kadar lemak rendah. Implementasi kajian penelitian ini yang disusun dalam bentuk penuntun praktikum layak dijadikan sebagai sumber pembelajaran.