bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
$$\alpha $$-Firmly nonexpansive operators on metric spaces
Authors: Bërdëllima Arian , Lauster Florian , Luke D. Russell 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe extend to p-uniformly convex spaces tools from the analysis of fixed point iterations in linear spaces. This study is restricted to an appropriate generalization of single-valued, pointwise averaged mappings. Our main contribution is establishing a calculus for these mappings in p-uniformly convex spaces, showing in particular how the property is preserved under compositions and convex combinations. This is of central importance to splitting algorithms that are built by such convex combinations and compositions, and reduces the convergence analysis to simply verifying that the individual components have the required regularity pointwise at fixed points of the splitting algorithms. Our convergence analysis differs from what can be found in the previous literature in that the regularity assumptions are only with respect to fixed points. Indeed we show that, if the fixed point mapping is pointwise nonexpansive at all cluster points, then these cluster points are in fact fixed points, and convergence of the sequence follows. Additionally, we provide a quantitative convergence analysis built on the notion of gauge metric subregularity, which we show is necessary for quantifiable convergence estimates. This allows one for the first time to prove convergence of a tremendous variety of splitting algorithms in spaces with curvature bounded from above.
Thyroid Carcinoma with NSD3::NUTM1 Fusion: a Case with Thyrocyte Differentiation and Colloid Production
Authors: Allison Derek B. , Rueckert Justin , Cornea Virgilius , Lee Cortney Y. , Dueber Julie , Bocklage Therese 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this report, we present a high-grade thyroid carcinoma with an NSD3::NUTM1 fusion detected on expanded next-generation sequencing testing. Nuclear protein of the testis (NUT) carcinomas comprise high-grade, aggressive tumors characterized by rearrangements of the NUTM1 gene with various partner genes, most commonly the bromodomain protein genes BRD4 and BRD3. Approximately 10% of NUT carcinomas contain an NSD3::NUTM1 fusion. NUT carcinomas manifest as poorly differentiated or undifferentiated squamous carcinomas, and 33% show areas of mature squamous differentiation. Only exceptionally have NUT carcinomas shown histology discordant from poorly differentiated/undifferentiated squamous carcinoma, and a thyroid NUT carcinoma with histologic thyrocyte differentiation has not been described to date. Our patient’s tumor exhibited mixed cytologic features suggestive of squamoid cells or papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. Overt squamous differentiation was absent, and the tumor produced colloid in poorly formed follicles. Immunophenotypically, the carcinoma was consistent with thyrocyte differentiation with expression of monoclonal PAX8, TTF1, and thyroglobulin (the last predominantly in extracellular colloid). There was zero to < 2% reactivity for proteins typically diffusely expressed in NUT carcinoma: p40, p63, and cytokeratins 5/6. NUT protein expression was equivocal, but fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed a NUTM1 rearrangement. This exceptional case suggests that NUTM1 fusions may occur in an unknown number of aggressive thyroid carcinomas, possibly with distinctive histologic features but with thyrocyte differentiation. Recognition of this entity potentially has significant prognostic implications. Moreover, thyroid carcinomas with NUTM1 fusions may be amenable to treatment with NUT carcinoma-targeted therapy such as a bromodomain and extraterminal domain protein small molecular inhibitor (BETi).
Trajectories of subject-interests development and influence factors in higher education
Authors: Wild Steffen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIt is a well-studied phenomenon, that throughout the course of studying at university, the motivation for the study program decreases. Correlation between motivation and learners’ behaviour, for example the learning process, achievement or, in the worst case, dropout exist. So there is a need for understanding the development of motivation in detail, like that of subject-interests, and for identifying influence factors, especially for higher education. This panel study examined the development of 4,345 students in higher education. Growth mixture models for subject-interests identify two classes of trajectories: “descending interest” and “continuously high interest”. In a next step, the analysis shows that gender, university entrance score, academic field and occupational aspiration influence membership of the classes. The results are discussed with respect to their consequences for education programs, but also with respect to possible new research questions.
Cause-related marketing: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Bhatti Hina Yaqub , Galan-Ladero M. Mercedes , Galera-Casquet Clementina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCause-Related Marketing (CRM) is one of the most versatile activities among the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives. Though CRM is extensively researched, however, only a few authors have performed systematic literature reviews on CRM. Therefore, more systematic reviews of CRM are still needed to complete and bring together the more contributions, advances, and different existing research lines. Thus, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the existing literature in CRM from the two keywords: “Cause-Related Marketing” and “Cause Marketing”, and the time period ranges from 1988 to 2020. In this study, rigorous protocol is used in synthesizing 344 English articles drawing upon e-journal database searches. These articles were categorized by time-wise development, country-wise development, methodological development, cross-cultural analysis, the role of journals. This study also carried out the Bibliometric Analyses. The review highlights that the concept of CRM has evolved from being considered a marketing mix tool (a promotion tool), to being considered as a CSR initiative, with a more strategic character. Our findings revealed that only a few journals published articles on CRM. Geographically, the CRM study was initiated in North America, followed by Europe and Oceania, and Asian and Sub-Saharan African countries. From the third decade, there was more collaboration in cross-cultural studies and the use of mixed-method (qualitative and quantitative studies) approach. Lastly, this study shows the most manifest research gaps in CRM that opens avenue for future research.
Dense Tissue Pattern Characterization Using Deep Neural Network
Authors: Kumar Indrajeet , Kumar Abhishek , Kumar V D Ambeth , Kannan Ramani , Vimal Vrince , Singh Kamred Udham , Mahmud Mufti 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBreast tumors are from the common infections among women around the world. Classifying the various types of breast tumors contribute to treating breast tumors more efficiently. However, this classification task is often hindered by dense tissue patterns captured in mammograms. The present study has been proposed a dense tissue pattern characterization framework using deep neural network. A total of 322 mammograms belonging to the mini-MIAS dataset and 4880 mammograms from DDSM dataset have been taken, and an ROI of fixed size 224 × 224 pixels from each mammogram has been extracted. In this work, tedious experimentation has been executed using different combinations of training and testing sets using different activation function withAlexNet,ResNet-18model. Data augmentation has been used to create a similar type of virtual image for proper training of the DL model. After that, the testing set is applied on the trained model to validate the proposed model. During experiments, four different activation functions ‘sigmoid’, ‘tanh’, ‘ReLu’, and ‘leakyReLu’ are used, and the outcome for each function has been reported. It has been found that activation function ‘ReLu’ perform always outstanding with respect to others. For each experiment, classification accuracy and kappa coefficient have been computed. The obtained accuracy and kappa value for MIAS dataset usingResNet-18model is 91.3% and 0.803, respectively. For DDSM dataset, the accuracy of 92.3% and kappa coefficient value of 0.846 are achieved. After the combination of both dataset images, the achieved accuracy is 91.9%, and kappa coefficient value is 0.839 usingResNet-18model. Finally, it has been concluded that theResNet-18model andReLuactivation function yield outstanding performance for the task.
RETALT_TPS design and manufacturing
Authors: Paixão Sofia , Peixoto Cláudia , Reinas Marta , Carvalho João 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe present document discusses the development of a new trowelable Thermal Protection System (TPS), able of being mixed, applied and cured directly onto the vehicle structure, with the aim to fulfill the requirements of the thermal properties for the re-usable launch vehicle studied in the Retro Propulsion Landing Technology (RETALT) project. During the development of this TPS, several formula optimizations were made to improve or eliminate cracks in the char surface, increase char stiffness, rheological adjustments, and adhesion improvement to different substrates. The most promising material developed is composed by cork and epoxy resin, together with a set of rheological and thermal resistance additives, that makes it possible to be applied with a spatula, while at the same time it is able to withstand the demanding environmental conditions during atmospheric reentry. In terms of thermal properties, the developed material has a higher thermal conductivity than the current P50 TPS commercialized by Amorim Cork Composites (ACC), but it has a better behavior when exposed to flame conditions. It is expected that the absence of cracks improves its structure and resistance to demanding conditions. The development work included a detailed study of the composition and processes required for the development of a TPS material, which were evaluated by several types of flame characterization tests and thermal properties analysis.
Involvement of FoxO1, Sp1, and Nrf2 in Upregulation of Negative Regulator of ROS by 15d-PGJ2 Attenuates H2O2-Induced IL-6 Expression in Rat Brain Astrocytes
Authors: Wang Chen-Yu , Yang Chien-Chung , Hsiao Li-Der , Yang Chuen-Mao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractExcessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase (Nox) resulted in inflammation. The negative regulator of ROS (NRROS) dampens ROS generation during inflammatory responses. 15-Deoxy-∆12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) exhibits neuroprotective effects on central nervous system (CNS). However, whether 15d-PGJ2-induced NRROS expression was unknown in rat brain astrocytes (RBA-1). NRROS expression was determined by Western blot, RT/real-time PCR, and promoter activity assays. The signaling components were investigated using pharmacological inhibitors or specific siRNAs. The interaction between transcription factors and the NRROS promoter was investigated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Upregulation of NRROS on the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-mediated ROS generation and interleukin 6 (IL-6) secretion was measured. 15d-PGJ2-induced NRROS expression was mediated through PI3K/Akt-dependent activation of Sp1 and FoxO1 and established the essential promoter regions. We demonstrated that 15d-PGJ2 activated PI3K/Akt and following by cooperation between phosphorylated nuclear FoxO1 and Sp1 to initiate the NRROS transcription. In addition, Nrf2 played a key role in NRROS expression induced by 15d-PGJ2 which was mediated through its phosphorylation. Finally, the NRROS stable clones attenuated the H2O2-induced ROS generation and expression of IL-6 through suppressing the Nox-2 activity. These results suggested that 15d-PGJ2-induced NRROS expression is mediated through a PI3K/Akt-dependent FoxO1 and Sp1 phosphorylation, and Nrf2 cascade, which suppresses ROS generation through attenuating the p47phox phosphorylation and gp91phox formation and IL-6 expression in RBA-1 cells. These results confirmed the mechanisms underlying 15d-PGJ2-induced NRROS expression which might be a potential strategy for prevention and management of brain inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.
Effects of Self-compassion on Diurnal Cortisol Pattern via Positive Affect in Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Authors: Ho Rainbow T. H. , Fong Ted C. T. , Wan Adrian H. Y. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Colorectal cancer survivors are at risks of emotional distress and dysregulated diurnal cortisol rhythms. Dispositional self-compassion has been linked with better psychological adjustment and greater positive affect. This study evaluated the associations between self-compassion and the diurnal cortisol pattern, and the role of positive affect and emotional distress in mediating this association, in cancer patients.

Methods
This longitudinal study recruited 127 Chinese colorectal cancer survivors, who completed assessments for self-compassion, positive affect, emotional distress, and naturalistic salivary cortisol at baseline. The participants completed follow-up assessments for affect and emotional distress after 2 months (time 2) and the diurnal cortisol pattern after 8 months (time 3). Bootstrapped mediation analysis analyzed the direct and indirect effects of self-compassion on the diurnal cortisol pattern via positive affect and emotional distress.

Results
A structural equation model with latent factors of self-compassion, self-criticism, and emotional distress provided an adequate fit to the data. The direct effects of self-compassion and self-criticism on the diurnal cortisol pattern were not significant (p = 0.11–0.50). Positive affect, but not emotional distress, at time 2 significantly predicted steeper diurnal cortisol slopes at time 3 (β = − 0.22, SE = 0.08, p < 0.01). Self-compassion and self-criticism showed significant negative and positive indirect effects on time 3 diurnal cortisol slopes via time 2 positive affect, respectively.

Conclusions
Our findings support indirect linkages between self-compassion and steeper diurnal cortisol slopes via positive affect. Positive affect may mediate temporal relationships between self-compassion and neuroendocrine functioning in colorectal cancer survivors.
Effects of Decentering and Non-judgement on Body Dissatisfaction and Negative Affect Among Young Adult Women
Authors: Osborne Emma L. , Atkinson Melissa J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Mindfulness-based interventions have shown effectiveness in reducing risk factors for disordered eating; however, little is known about mechanisms. This online study evaluated two isolated metacognitive components of mindfulness, adopting a decentered or non-judgemental stance towards internal experiences, respectively, for reducing body dissatisfaction and negative affect.

Methods
Women (N = 330, Mage = 25.18, SD = 4.44) viewed appearance-ideal media images before listening to a 5-min audio recording that guided them to (a) distance themselves from their experience (decentering), (b) accept their experience without judgement (non-judgement), or (c) rest (active control). Participants reported state body dissatisfaction and negative affect at baseline, post-media exposure, and final assessment. Trait measurements (weight and shape concerns, mindfulness, emotion regulation) were assessed as potential moderators. Participants self-reported engagement and acceptability.

Results
All groups reported significant reductions in body dissatisfaction and negative affect following the recording (d = 0.15–0.38, p < 0.001), with no between-group differences. Trait measurements did not moderate effects.

Conclusions
The results suggest rest was as effective as the metacognitive components in ameliorating immediate negative impacts of appearance-related threats. Alternatively, coping strategies spontaneously adopted by the control group may have supplied temporary relief. Findings highlight the importance of including suitable control; further research should investigate when and for whom specific aspects of mindfulness-based interventions may be particularly helpful.
Factors associated with positive predictive value of preliminary screening in a two-step screening strategy for colorectal neoplasms in China
Authors: Li Ji-Bin , Qiu Zhi-Yu , Deng Yu-Xiang , Li Yin , Lin Zhuo-Chen , Wu Yan-Ping , Weng Fan , Tian Huan , Ou Qing-Jian , Gong Cheng-Hua , Pan Zhi-Zhong , Wan De-Sen , Peng Jian-Hong , Fang Yu-Jing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The positive predictive value (PPV) of high risk factor questionnaire (HRFQ) plus fecal immunochemical test (FIT) as preliminary screening strategy for colorectal-related neoplasia is relatively low. We aim to explore independent factors associated with PPVs of HRFQ combined FIT for selecting high risk individuals for colonoscopy.

Methods
A total of 6971 residents were enrolled in a community-based screening program. Participants who had positive results of HRFQ and/or FIT and subsequently received colonoscopy were involved. The associations of socio-demographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, and high risk factors of colorectal cancer with PPVs of HRFQ, FIT, and their combination were evaluated by multivariable logistic regression models.

Results
Among 572 involved cases, 249 (43.5%) colorectal neoplasms were detected by colonoscopy, including 71 advanced adenoma (12.4%) and 9 colorectal cancer (CRC) (1.6%). The PPVs of preliminary screening were 43.5% for total colorectal neoplasms, 14.0% for advanced neoplasm, and 1.6% for CRC. Adding positive HRFQ to FIT could improve the PPV from 3.5 to 8.0% for detecting CRC. Preliminarily screened positive individuals who were males [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.95, 95% CI 1.31, 2.90; p  < 0.001], elders (> 60 years) (AOR: 1.70, 95% CI 1.17, 2.46; p  = 0.005), or ex-/current smokers (AOR: 3.04, 95% CI 1.31, 7.09; p  = 0.10) had higher odds of PPVs of detecting colorectal neoplasms.

Conclusions
Combining HRFQ and FIT could largely improve PPVs for screening advanced neoplasm and CRC. Gender and age-specific FIT cut-off values as well as initiating ages for CRC screening might be recommended to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of current screening algorithm.
DCE-MRI radiomics nomogram can predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in esophageal cancer
Authors: Qu Jinrong , Ma Ling , Lu Yanan , Wang Zhaoqi , Guo Jia , Zhang Hongkai , Yan Xu , Liu Hui , Kamel Ihab R. , Qin Jianjun , Li Hailiang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To assess volumetric DCE-MRI radiomics nomogram in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) in EC patients.

Methods
This retrospective analysis of a prospective study enrolled EC patients with stage cT1N + M0 or cT2-4aN0-3M0 who received DCE-MRI within 7 days before chemotherapy, followed by surgery. Response assessment was graded from 1 to 5 according to the tumor regression grade (TRG). Patients were stratified into responders (TRG1 + 2) and non-responders (TRG3 + 4 + 5). 72 radiomics features and vascular permeability parameters were extracted from DCE-MRI. The discriminating performance was assessed with ROC. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used for comparing three different models.

Results
This cohort included 82 patients, and 72 tumor radiomics features and vascular permeability parameters acquired from DCE-MRI. mRMR and LASSO were performed to choose the optimized subset of radiomics features, and 3 features were selected to create the radiomics signature that were significantly associated with response (P < 0.001). AUC of combining radiomics signature and DCE-MRI performance in the training (n = 41) and validation (n = 41) cohort was 0.84 (95% CI 0.57–1) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.74–0.97), respectively. This combined model showed the best discrimination between responders and non-responders, and showed the highest positive and positive predictive value in both training set and test set.

Conclusions
The radiomics features are useful for nCT response prediction in EC patients.
How to Incorporate Non-Epistemic Values into a Theory of Classification
Authors: Reydon Thomas A. C. , Ereshefsky Marc 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNon-epistemic values play important roles in classificatory practice, such that philosophical accounts of kinds and classification should be able to accommodate them. Available accounts fail to do so, however. Our aim is to fill this lacuna by showing how non-epistemic values feature in scientific classification, and how they can be incorporated into a philosophical theory of classification and kinds. To achieve this, we present a novel account of kinds and classification (theGrounded Functionality Account), discuss examples from biological classification where non-epistemic values play decisive roles, and show how this account accommodates the role of non-epistemic values.
Treatment of MIS-C in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Mahmoud Sanaa , El-Kalliny Mostafa , Kotby Alyaa , El-Ganzoury Mona , Fouda Eman , Ibrahim Hanan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Different treatment approaches have been described for the management of COVID-19-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), the pathogenesis of which has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we comprehensively review and summarize the recommendations and management strategies that have been published to date.

Recent Findings
MIS-C patients are treated with different regimens, mostly revolving around the use of immunomodulatory medications, including IVIG and glucocorticoids as first-tier therapy. Refractoriness to IVIG and glucocorticoids warrants a step-up of immunomodulatory therapy to biologic agents such as anakinra, tocilizumab, and infliximab.

Summary
We review the current evidence regarding the use of monotherapy versus combination therapy, as well as the current recommendations for assessing thrombotic risk and administering antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy. We anticipate that future studies will provide evidence for management plans that maximize short- and long-term outcomes.
GENERIC-compliant simulations of Brownian multi-particle systems: modeling stochastic lubrication
Authors: Vázquez-Quesada Adolfo , Ellero Marco 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA stochastic Lagrangian model for simulating the dynamics and rheology of a Brownian multi-particle system interacting with a simple liquid medium is presented. The discrete particle model is formulated within the GENERIC framework for Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics and therefore it satisfies discretely the First/Second Laws of Thermodynamics and the Fluctuation Dissipation Theorem (FDT). Long-range fluctuating hydrodynamics interactions between suspended particles are described by an explicit solvent model. To this purpose, the Smoothed Dissipative Particle Dynamics method is adopted, which is a GENERIC-compliant Lagrangian meshless discretization of the fluctuating Navier–Stokes equations. In dense multi-particle systems, the average inter-particle distance is typically small compared to the particle size and short-range hydrodynamics interactions play a major role. In order to bypass an explicit—computationally costly—solution for these forces, a lubrication correction is introduced based on semi-analytical expressions for spheres under Stokes flow conditions. We generalize here the lubrication formalism to Brownian conditions, where an additional thermal-lubrication contribution needs to be taken into account in a way that discretely satisfies FDT. The coupled lubrication dynamics is integrated in time using a generalized semi-implicit splitting scheme for stochastic differential equations. The model is finally validated for a single particle diffusion as well as for a Brownian multi-particle system under homogeneous shear flow. Results for the diffusional properties as well as the rheological behavior of the whole suspension are presented and discussed.