bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the Diagnosis of Menstrual Dysfunction through Quality Improvement
Authors: Daniel Kayla , Fischer Anastasia , Welty Michael , Valasek Amy E. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Prevalence of menstrual dysfunction (MD) in high school athletes ranges from 7% to 54%. Early recognition and intervention are crucial to prevent future consequences. The purpose of this Quality Improvement project was to optimize the institution’s Epic Best Practice Advisory (BPA) screening tool and synthesize new patient questionnaires to diagnose MD in athletes greater than 12 years of age presenting to a pediatric sports medicine clinic.

Methods:
Using Quality Improvement methodology, we evaluated clinic flow, the Epic BPA tool, and actions by the physician following the appropriate triggering of the BPA. Diagnoses targeted were primary amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, or irregular menstruation unspecified. Areas for intervention were global staff education, patient education, and provider alert fatigue. Our team implemented interventions using monthly Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles to address our key drivers. Proper implementation of questionnaire data and restructuring of the Epic BPA promoted identification and diagnosis of MD. The clinician discussed the diagnosis with the patient and family and provided an educational handout on MD.

Results:
The rate of appropriate diagnosis of MD in athletes greater than 12 years of age seen at a pediatric sports medicine clinic increased from a baseline of 2.1% to 30% over ten months. Identification of three key drivers ultimately drove the success and achievement of our aim.

Conclusions:
Using Quality Improvement methodology, we optimized the EPIC BPA and subsequently increased the rate of appropriate diagnosis of MD. Identification of the proper diagnosis improves our patient education. Ultimately, this project provided the framework for applicable discussion, interventions, and work-up for at-risk athletes.
Quality Improvement Methodology Facilitates Adherence to Echocardiogram Protocol Measurements
Authors: Siddiqui Saira , Hahn Eunice , Hill Garick D. , Brown James , Lehmkuhl Katherine , Statile Christopher 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Local institutional echocardiogram protocols reflect standard measurements as per national guidelines, but adherence to measurements was inconsistent. This inconsistency led to variability in reporting and impacted the use of serial measurements for clinical decision-making. Therefore, we aimed to improve complete adherence to universal and protocol-specific measures for echocardiograms performed for first-time or cardiomyopathy studies from 60% to 90% from July 2019 to February 2020.

Methods:
We included all sonographer-performed echocardiograms for first-time or cardiomyopathy protocol studies. We reviewed universal measures and protocol-specific measures for all included studies. We created a scoring system reflecting measurement completion. We used a control chart to measure compliance and established a baseline over 2 months. PDSA cycles over 5 months included interventions such as sonographer education, technical improvements to the measurement toolbar, and group and individual performance feedback.

Results:
We reviewed over 4000 studies—the reporting of complete universal measures improved significantly from a median score of 60% to 93%. Protocol-specific measures for first-time studies also showed significant improvement from 62% to 90% adherence. Cardiomyopathy-specific measures demonstrated 87% adherence at baseline, which improved to 95% but then returned to baseline. Sonographer education and toolbar adjustment prompted special cause variation with further improvement following performance feedback. The universal and first-time protocol measures reached 90% adherence with sustained improvement for over 9 months.

Conclusions:
We employed quality improvement methodology to improve complete adherence to echocardiographic protocol measurements, thereby facilitating echocardiographic quality and reporting consistency. We plan to spread these interventions to improve adherence to other protocols.
Improving Care for Children with Bloody Diarrhea at Risk for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Authors: Burns Carson S. , Rubin Jason , Sardesai Tara , Klein Eileen J. , Vora Surabhi B. , Kearney Ryan , Rutman Lori 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Children with infectious bloody diarrhea are at an increased risk for developing hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Early intervention may improve outcomes. This study evaluated the impact of a clinical pathway designed to identify those at risk for HUS, guide initial management, and provide decision support regarding patient disposition.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective cohort study of children 4 months to 19 years of age who presented with the acute onset of bloody diarrhea or other HUS risk factors to the pediatric emergency department (ED) from September 2015 through July 2020. A rapid stool polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test became available in May 2017. The clinical pathway was implemented in January 2018. We used Fisher’s exact tests and statistical process control charts to analyze patient- and system-level changes following pathway implementation.

Results:
Three hundred five patients were included. Postimplementation, stool PCR use increased (78%–91%), hospitalization decreased (49%–30%), and mean total charges decreased ($7715–$6797). There were increases in length of stay (226–288 minutes) and charges ($2651–$3524) for patients discharged from the ED. All changes met rules for special cause variation. There was no change in early IV fluid administration, inpatient length of stay, ED return visits, hospital readmissions, or patients with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), acute kidney injury (AKI) or HUS.

Conclusions:
For children presenting to the ED with bloody diarrhea, introduction of a rapid stool PCR test and clinical pathway correlated with decreased hospitalizations and overall costs without adverse clinical outcomes.
Hymenobacter piscis sp. nov., isolated from a fish pond
Authors: Sheu Shih-Yi , Yang Che-Chia , Kwon Soon-Wo , Chen Wen-Ming 
Published: January 2022

Bacterial strain NST-14T, isolated from a freshwater fish pond in Taiwan, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped and formed pink colonies. Optimal growth occurred at 30 °C, pH 7 and in the absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and coding sequences of 92 protein clusters indicated that strain NST-14T formed a phylogenetic lineage in the genus

Hymenobacter

. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain NST-14T had the highest similarity to

Hymenobacter actinosclerus

CCUG 39621T (97.7%),

Hymenobacter amundsenii

P5136T (97.3%) and

Hymenobacter humicola

P6312T (96.9%). Strain NST-14T showed 75.1–85.3 % average nucleotide identity, 73.7–89.8 % average amino acid identity and 14.5–26.0 % digital DNA–DNA hybridization with the type strains of other closely related

Hymenobacter

species. Strain NST-14T contained iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1
ω5c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω7c and/or C16 : 1
ω6c) as the predominant fatty acids. The major hydroxyl fatty acids were iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified glycolipid, four unidentified aminophospholipids, one unidentified aminolipid, two unidentified phospholipids and three unidentified lipids. The major polyamine was homospermidine. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 62.4 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic inference, demonstrate that strain NST-14T should be classified as a novel species of the genus

Hymenobacter

, for which the name Hymenobacter piscis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NST-14T (=BCRC 81249T=LMG 31686T).
Identification of replication fork-associated proteins in Drosophila embryos and cultured cells using iPOND coupled to quantitative mass spectrometry
Authors: Munden Alexander , Wright Madison T. , Han Dongsheng , Tirgar Reyhaneh , Plate Lars , Nordman Jared T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractReplication of the eukaryotic genome requires the formation of thousands of replication forks that must work in concert to accurately replicate the genetic and epigenetic information. Defining replication fork-associated proteins is a key step in understanding how genomes are replicated and repaired in the context of chromatin to maintain genome stability. To identify replication fork-associated proteins, we performed iPOND (Isolation of Proteins on Nascent DNA) coupled to quantitative mass spectrometry in Drosophila embryos and cultured cells. We identified 76 and 278 fork-associated proteins in post-MZT embryos and Drosophila cultured S2 cells, respectively. By performing a targeted screen of a subset of these proteins, we demonstrate that BRWD3, a targeting specificity factor for the DDB1/Cul4 ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4), functions at replication forks to promote fork progression and maintain genome stability. Altogether, our work provides a valuable resource for those interested in the DNA replication, repair and chromatin assembly during development.
SARS-CoV-2 impairs interferon production via NSP2-induced repression of mRNA translation
Authors: Choi Jung-Hyun , Zhang Xu , Zhang Christine , Dai David L. , Luo Jun , Ladak Reese , Li Qian , Wiebe Shane , Liu Alex C.H. , Ran Xiaozhuo , Yang Jiaqi , Naeli Parisa , Garzia Aitor , Zhou Lele , Mahmood Niaz , Deng Qiyun , Elaish Mohamed , Lin Rongtuan , Hobman Tom , Pelletier Jerry , Alain Tommy , Vidal Silvia , Duchaine Thomas , Mazhab-Jafari Mohammad T. , Mao Xiaojuan , Jafarnejad Seyed Mehdi , Sonenberg Nahum 
Published: January 2022

AbstractViruses evade the innate immune response by suppressing the production or activity of cytokines such as type I interferons (IFNs). Here we report the discovery of a novel mechanism by which the SARS-CoV-2 virus co-opts an intrinsic cellular machinery to suppress the production of the key immunostimulatory cytokine IFN-β. We reveal that the SARS-CoV-2 encoded Non-Structural Protein 2 (NSP2) directly interacts with the cellular GIGYF2 protein. This interaction enhances the binding of GIGYF2 to the mRNA cap-binding protein 4EHP, thereby repressing the translation of the Ifnb1 mRNA. Depletion of GIGYF2 or 4EHP significantly enhances IFN-β production, leading to reduced viral infection. Our findings reveal a new target for rescuing the antiviral innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and other RNA viruses.
Severity of US sanctions against foreign firms: evidence from the FCPA enforcements
Authors: Kuvvet Emre 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine whether foreign firms pay disproportionately higher monetary penalties after controlling for factors that affect the sanctioning of the firm.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a cross-sectional data analysis has been used to examine the enforcement actions of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) against all private and public companies from 1978 to 2019.

Findings
The findings indicate that that foreign firms pay disproportionately higher monetary penalties than domestic firms after controlling for factors that affect the sanctioning of firms. On average, foreign firms pay $43.3m more to the US government than US firms pay. This is a considerable difference in monetary penalties and equal to 68.95% of the average monetary penalty.

Originality/value
This paper shows that the US government treats US firms more favorably than foreign firms in monetary sanctions. Because the FCPA is not applied equally, this is contrary to US government guidelines and to the rule of law. The government needs to reconsider the consequences of imposing disproportionately higher penalties on foreign firms. Given the lack of judicial scrutiny of the FCPA settlement amounts against foreign firms, prosecutorial harshness against them can be remedied by amending the FCPA to eliminate the unequal treatment of foreign entities.
A bi-level optimization framework for charging station design problem considering heterogeneous charging modes
Authors: Zhang Le , Zeng Ziling , Gao Kun 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to optimize the design of charging station deployed at the terminal station for electric transit, with explicit consideration of heterogenous charging modes.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors proposed a bi-level model to optimize the decision-making at both tactical and operational levels simultaneously. Specifically, at the operational level (i.e. lower level), the service schedule and recharging plan of electric buses are optimized under specific design of charging station. The objective of lower-level model is to minimize total daily operational cost. This model is solved by a tailored column generation-based heuristic algorithm. At the tactical level (i.e. upper level), the design of charging station is optimized based upon the results obtained at the lower level. A tabu search algorithm is proposed subsequently to solve the upper-level model.

Findings
This study conducted numerical cases to validate the applicability of the proposed model. Some managerial insights stemmed from numerical case studies are revealed and discussed, which can help transit agencies design charging station scientifically.

Originality/value
The joint consideration of heterogeneous charging modes in charging station would further lower the operational cost of electric transit and speed up the market penetration of battery electric buses.
Machine learning for predictive maintenance scheduling of distribution transformers
Authors: Alvarez Quiñones Laura Isabel , Lozano-Moncada Carlos Arturo , Bravo Montenegro Diego Alberto 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe a methodology that has been set up to schedule predictive maintenance of distribution transformers at Cauca Department (Colombia) using machine learning.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed methodology relies on classification predictive model that finds the minimal number of distribution transformers prone to failure. To verify this, the model was implemented and tested with real data in Cauca Department Colombia.FindingsThe implementation of the methodology allows a saving of 13% in corrective maintenance expenses for the year 2020.Originality/valueThe proposed model is an effective decision-making tool that provides an ideal solution for preventive maintenance scheduling problems for distribution transformers.
YouTube and the protocological control of platform organisations
Authors: Xiang Yu 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the recommendation system of the video-sharing website YouTube to study how control of users is effected on online platforms.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper conceptualises algorithmic systems as protocols – technological and social infrastructures that both facilitate and govern interactions between autonomous actors (Galloway and Thacker, 2004, 2007). It adopts a netnographic approach (Kozinets, 2002) to study not only the formal, technological systems of the platform but also the systems as they were made sense of, understood and enacted upon by actors. It relies both on information as revealed by the organisation itself, as well as discussions between lay users in online forums and press coverage.

Findings
The results of this study indicate that the ways in which platforms selectively facilitate interactions between users constitute a form of control. While maintaining the appearance of an open and neutral marketplace, interactions on the platform are in fact highly structured. The system relies on the surveillance of user interactions to rapidly identify and propagate marketable contents, so as to maximise user “engagement” and ad revenue. The systems place few demands or restrictions on individual users, instead control is effected in a probabilistic fashion, over the population of users as a whole, so as to, in aggregate, accomplish organisational goal.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the literature on accounting and control practices in online spaces, by extending the notion of control beyond overt rankings and evaluations, to the underlying technical and social infrastructures that facilitate and shape interactions.
Accounting for past patient composition in evaluations of quality reporting
Authors: Tierney Katherine I. , Fishman Samuel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether accounting for past patient composition in evaluations of the association between public quality reports and patient selectivity changes findings and conclusions.Data SourcesSecondary data analysis of public reports of Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic success rates between 2011 and 2018.Study DesignTwo sets of fixed effects models, (1) a standard fixed‐effects model (FE) and (2) a dynamic panel model using structural equation modeling estimated with maximum‐likelihood (ML‐SEM) with one‐ and two‐year lagged patient characteristics, are compared. The outcome variables are patient composition features associated with success rates, including two age categories and eight diagnoses of infertility. Two‐year lagged success rates for any live birth and a singleton live birth are central predictor variables.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsClinics with complete records for the 2011–2018 period were included (N = 303).Principal FindingsFor live birth success rates, the two models show increases in the two‐year lagged success rate is associated with a reduction in (1) the transformed percentage of patients with endometriosis (FE: β = −0.006, SE = 0.002, p < 0.01; ML‐SEM: β = −0.005, SE = 0.002, p < 0.01) and (2) the percentage of patients with tubal diagnoses (FE: β = −0.090, SE = 0.017, p < 0.001; ML‐SEM: β = −0.064, SE = 0.027, p < 0.05). For singleton birth success rates, the models show positive associations between the two‐year lagged success rate and the percent of patients over 35 years old (FE: β = 0.219, SE = 0.033, p < 0.001; ML‐SEM: β = 0.095, SE = 0.047, p < 0.05). Overall, the FE models show numerous significant associations with the two‐year lagged success rate not observed in the ML‐SEM models. Thus, the preferred and theoretically appropriate model (ML‐SEM) and the more commonly used model (FE) yield different results.ConclusionsResearchers and policymakers should use models that account for past patient composition when evaluating the associations between quality reports and patient selectivity.
Understanding nutritive need inHarmonia axyridislarvae: Insights from nutritional geometry
Authors: Sun Shao‐Lei , Abudisilimu Nibijiang , Yi Hao , Li Sali , Liu Tong‐Xian , Jing Xiangfeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe multicolored Asian lady beetle,Harmonia axyridis(Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), is an important natural enemy in agricultural ecosystems. In spite of being a carnivore consuming protein‐rich preys, the lady beetles often consume carbohydrate‐rich food like nectar or honeydew. However, most studies on nutrition regulation of carnivores mainly focus on protein and lipid, two major macronutrients in preys. In this study, nutrition regulation of protein and carbohydrate has been investigated in the 4th instar larvae ofH. axyridisusing Geometric Framework. We provided the insects two pairs of foods, one a protein‐biased one and the second carbohydrate‐biased, to determine the intake target. We then confined them to nutritionally imbalanced foods to examine how they regulated food intake to achieve maximal performance. The larvae performed well on the 2 foods that containing the closest P : C ratios to the intake target, but, surprisingly, the lipid content was much lower than that in the choice experiment. The lady beetles seemed to maintain the optimal lipid content by consuming carbohydrate‐rich food. Moreover, consuming the carbohydrate‐rich food was less metabolically expensive than the protein‐rich food. Therefore, switching behavior between plant and animal foods actually reflects their nutritive needs. These findings extended our understanding of predator forage behavior and its influence on food web in ecosystems, and shed light on the role of agri‐environment schemes in meeting the nutritional need of predators in field.
When barcoding fails: Genome chimerization (admixing) and reticulation obscure phylogenetic and taxonomic relationships
Authors: Sipiczki Matthias 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDNA barcoding is based on the premise that the barcode sequences can distinguish individuals (strains) of different species because their sequence variation between species exceeds that within species. The primary barcodes used in fungal and yeast taxonomy are the ITS segments and the LSU (large subunit) D1/D2 domain of the homogenized multicopy rDNA repeats. The secondary barcodes are conserved segments of protein‐encoding genes, which usually have single copies in haploid genomes. This study shows that the analysis of barcode sequences fails to reconstruct accurate species trees and differentiate species when the organisms have chimeric genomes composed of admixed mosaics of different origins. It is shown that the type strains of 10 species of the pulcherrima clade of the ascomycetous yeast genus Metschnikowia cannot be differentiated with standard barcodes because their intragenomic diversity is comparable to or even higher than the interstrain diversity. The analysis of a large group of genes of the sequenced genomes of the clade and the viability and segregation of the hybrids of ex‐type strains indicate that the high intragenomic barcode differences can be attributed to admixed genome structures. Because of the mosaic structures of the genomes, the rDNA repeats do not form continuous arrays and thus cannot be homogenized. Since the highly diverse ITS and D1/D2 sequences of the type strains form a continuous pool including pseudogenes, the evolution of their rDNA appears to involve reticulation. The secondary barcode sequences and the nonbarcode genes included in the analysis show incongruent phylogenetic relationships among the type strains, which can also be attributed to differences in the phylogenetic histories of the genes.
Body shape variation in the Characid Psalidodon rivularis from São Francisco river, Southeast Brazil (Characiformes: Stethaprioninae)
Authors: Rodrigues‐Oliveira Igor Henrique , Kavalco Karine Frehner , Pasa Rubens 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPsalidodon rivularis is a species of tetra endemic to the São Francisco River basin and, based on cytogenetic and molecular studies, represents a complex of species. The objective of the present work was to identify morphological differences in the body shape of seven populations of P. rivularis from the Upper and Middle São Francisco River basin through geometric morphometry. In all, we photographed 174 individuals on the right side of the body and 17 landmarks were digitized on each image. To study the effects of allometry on the shape, we performed regression analysis and, to study shape modulation at different collection points and sub‐basins, the canonical variation analyses. We found differences in shape between collection points and sub‐basins associated with relative body height and sub‐orbital plate recoil, in addition to a significant influence of size on specimen shape (allometry) associated with the ventral skull, orbits and sub‐orbital plate. We do not envision differences in body shape between males and females. Several works with fish relate body height with water velocity, while the sub‐orbital plate recoil shows a taxonomic or ecological potential, marking the main difference between the populations of the Upper and Middle São Francisco River.