bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time‐series analysis of population dynamics of the common cutworm,Spodoptera litura(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), using anARIMAXmodel
Authors: Kawakita Satoshi , Takahashi Hidehiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDDeveloping a model that adequately explains pest population dynamics based on weather‐related parameters is fundamentally important for proper pest management. Autocorrelation with past occurrences should be considered when modeling the relationship between the time series of pest occurrence data and meteorological factors; however, few attempts have been made to model these factors simultaneously. In this study, we constructed an autoregressive integrated moving average with exogenous variables (ARIMAX) model to represent the occurrence of the common cutworm,Spodoptera litura(F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a major moth pest species in Asia, using the trap catch data ofS. liturarecorded approximately every 5 days. The multiple meteorological measurements taken over several past periods beforeS. lituraoccurrence were included as explanatory variables to evaluate their lag effects on future occurrences.RESULTSIt was suggested that temperature had the most important effect onS. lituraoccurrences among other meteorological factors (i.e., humidity, wind speed, and precipitation). Especially, higher temperatures during the larval/egg stage seemed to presage a higher moth abundance. When the model was fitted using independent data that were not used for calibrating the model, the model was able to capture trends in increases in the scale of occurrence, particularly after July, when the occurrence rapidly increased.CONCLUSIONPast temperature condition, particularly during the larval and egg states, is suggested to be highly important for predicting futureS. lituraoccurrences. The ARIMAX model proposed here will allow preventive measures to be taken, effectively safeguarding food resources against pest outbreaks. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Anti‐hyperglycemic effect of Abelmoschus culentesus (Okra) on patients with diabetes type 2: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Saatchi Ali , Aghamohammadzadeh Nasser , Beheshtirouy Samineh , Javadzadeh Yousef , Afshar Fariba Heshmati , Ghaffary Saba 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOkra (Abelmoschus esculentus) has traditionally been used in diabetes treatment. This study investigated the effect of Okra whole fruit on blood glucose level of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 with concomitant use of oral hypoglycemic agents. In this double‐blind randomized clinical trial, 120 diabetic patients were assigned to okra group (n = 60) and control group (n = 60). The okra group received 1,000 mg of A.esculentus whole fruit capsules orally, every 6 hr for 8 weeks. The control group received placebo capsule in the same manner. The levels of FBS (fasting blood sugar), BS (blood sugar), and Hemoglobin A1C (HgA1c) were measured at baseline and after intervention in both groups. The levels of FBS, BS, and HgA1c were significantly decreased in okra group within the intervention compared to control group (p < .05). Moreover, the numbers to treat (NNT) for FBS, BS, and HgA1C were seven, eight, and seven, respectively. Okra whole fruit supplementation has a promising anti‐hyperglycemic effect in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 who received oral agents. Diabetic patients could benefit from adjuvant therapy of okra with other medication.
Immunomodulatory effects of curcumin in systemic autoimmune diseases
Authors: Chamani Sajjad , Moossavi Maryam , Naghizadeh Ali , Abbasifard Mitra , Majeed Muhammed , Johnston Thomas P. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSystemic autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus represent various autoimmune conditions identified by immune system dysregulation. The activation of immune cells, auto‐antigen outbreak, inflammation, and multi‐organ impairment is observed in these disorders. The immune system is an essential complex network of cells and chemical mediators which defends the organism's integrity against foreign microorganisms, and its precise operation and stability are compulsory to avoid a wide range of medical complications. Curcumin is a phenolic ingredient extracted from turmeric and belongs to the Zingiberaceae, or ginger family. Curcumin has multiple functions, such as inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, tumor cell proliferation, cell death, and infection. Nevertheless, the immunomodulatory influence of curcumin on immunological reactions/processes remains mostly unknown. In the present narrative review, we sought to provide current information concerning the preclinical and clinical uses of curcumin in systemic autoimmune diseases.
Adversarially robust subspace learning in the spiked covariance model
Authors: Sha Fei , Zhang Ruizhi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe study the problem of robust subspace learning when there is an adversary who can attack the data to increase the projection error. By deriving the adversarial projection risk when data follows the multivariate Gaussian distribution with the spiked covariance, or so‐called the Spiked Covariance model, we propose to use the empirical risk minimization method to obtain the optimal robust subspace. We then find a non‐asymptotic upper bound of the adversarial excess risk, which implies the empirical risk minimization estimator is close to the optimal robust adversarial subspace. The optimization problem can be solved easily by the projected gradient descent algorithm for the rank‐one spiked covariance model. However, in general, it is computationally intractable to solve the empirical risk minimization problem. Thus, we propose to minimize an upper bound of the empirical risk to find the robust subspace for the general spiked covariance model. Finally, we conduct numerical experiments to show the robustness of our proposed algorithms.
On the sustainable trade development: Do Financial inclusion and eco‐innovation matter? Evidence from method of moments quantile regression
Authors: Ma Qiang , Han Xue , Badeeb Ramez Abubakr , Khan Zeeshan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe role of financial inclusion along with environment related technological innovation has been ignored by previous studies, especially, in terms of trade‐adjusted carbon emissions. Unlike previous studies, this study aims to test the role of financial inclusion and eco‐innovation on trade‐adjusted carbon emissions or consumption‐based carbon emissions for a group of seven economies over the period 2004–2019. Further, this study also tests the role of exports, imports and gross domestic product. We develop an index using principal component analysis to measure financial inclusion. The study utilizes the novel method of moment quantile regression to obtain the results. The results indicate that eco‐innovation reduces consumption‐based carbon emissions at 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th quantiles, respectively. Moreover, financial inclusion and exports also reduce emissions at 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th quantiles. In contrast, gross domestic product and imports cause trade‐adjusted emissions to increase. Moreover, a bidirectional link is established between all variables except for financial inclusion. Finally, this study provides relevant policy implications for trade, eco‐innovation, and financial inclusion in the group of seven economies for sustainable trade development. This paper further provide relevant environmental policy implications.
An ecosystem view of social entrepreneurship through the perspective of systems thinking
Authors: Bhardwaj Rohit , Srivastava Saurabh , Bindra Sunali , Sangwan Sumit 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe surge in the growth of social entrepreneurship (SE) scholarship and its evolution concerning different fields and research areas (e.g., strategy, sociology and economics) have resulted in somewhat diverged literature lacking comprehensive representations and frameworks. As a result, the extant SE literature demands a comprehensive study of SE research from a holistic viewpoint. To address this gap, the current study provides a consensus on the SE research. The authors put forward a system theoretic analysis of SE research and afterward present a SE ecosystem model, by employing systems thinking approach and using the principle of ‘wholeness’. From a theoretical viewpoint, the study offers implications for academicians to consider systems thinking in order to understand the growth strategies and continuous social transformation in SEs from a systemic level as well as understanding the importance of collective interactions of different components of the SE phenomenon. To the practitioners or social entrepreneurs, the study provides the perspective of improving social ventures' (1) input synergies of resources, capabilities, processes and dynamism to improve and augment the continuous social transformation and (2) acquisition of knowledge from feedbacks and external changes to enhance the SE system. The study as a whole contributes to the advancement of SE research by outlining a new direction of ecosystem‐based research for future scholarship.
Analysis of the impact of badger culling on bovine tuberculosis in cattle in the high‐risk area of England, 2009–2020
Authors: Langton Thomas E. S. , Jones Mark W. , McGill Iain 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince 2013, badger culling has been part of the UK Government's strategy for controlling bovine tuberculosis (bTB) within a high‐risk area (HRA) in England. Government surveillance data now enables an examination of bTB herd incidence and prevalence, its headline indicators, within and outside cull areas over the period 2009–2020.MethodsAnalysis compared herd incidence and prevalence data from within and outside badger culling areas. A range of models (GLMs, GLMMs, GAMs and GAMMs) were used to analyse incidence and prevalence in culled and unculled areas using frequentist and Bayesian approaches. Change in incidence across ten county areas within the HRA for the period 2010–2020 was also compared.ResultsAnalyses based on Defra published data using a variety of statistical methodologies did not suggest that badger culling affected herd bTB incidence or prevalence over the study period. In 9 of 10 counties, bTB incidence peaked and began to fall before badger culling commenced.LimitationsThere are limitations around the data available on culling location, temporal information and other confounding factors. As such, further analysis of any future datasets that may be released on bTB levels in areas where badger culling has been implemented is warranted.ConclusionThis examination of government data obtained over a wide area and a long time period failed to identify a meaningful effect of badger culling on bTB in English cattle herds. These findings may have implications for the use of badger culling in current and future bTB control policy.
Chronic vertebralEscherichia coliosteomyelitis in a 4‐year‐old dog
Authors: Hertog Veerle , Mortier Femke , Stee Kimberley , Stock Emmelie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA 4‐year‐old, female Malinois shepherd dog was presented for chronic repetitive episodes of severe pain for over a year. Medical imaging findings and a positive blood culture were suggestive of a L2 vertebral bacterial osteomyelitis, most likely of haematogenous origin. The dog responded well to treatment with antibiotics and analgesia. A repeated computed tomography scan 6 months after presentation (and 3 months after antibiotic discontinuation) showed a clear improvement of the vertebral lesions. The dog is still clinically normal and pain‐free at the time of writing (3 years after diagnosis).
The regulatory role of N6‐methyladenosine modification in the interaction between host and microbes
Authors: Zhuo Ruhao , Xu Menghui , Wang Xiaoyun , Zhou Bin , Wu Xin , Leone Vanessa , Chang Eugene B. , Zhong Xiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent posttranscriptional modification in eukaryotic mRNAs. Dynamic and reversible m6A modification regulates gene expression to control cellular processes and diverse biological functions. Growing evidence indicated that m6A modification is involved in the homeostasis of host and microbes (mostly viruses and bacteria). Disturbance of m6A modification affects the life cycles of viruses and bacteria, however, these microbes could in turn change host m6A modification leading to human disease including autoimmune diseases and cancer. Thus, we raise the concept that m6A could be a “messenger” molecule to participate in the interactions between host and microbes. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms of m6A modification on viruses and commensal microbiota, highlight the roles of m6A methylation in the interaction of host and microbes, and finally discuss drugs development targeting m6A modification.This article is categorized under:
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Study muon g − 2 at two-loop level in the U(1)XSSM
Authors: Zhao Shu-Min , Su Lu-Hao , Dong Xing-Xing , Wang Tong-Tong , Feng Tai-Fu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The new experiment data of muon g − 2 is reported by the workers at Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL). Combined with the previous Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) E821 result, the departure from the standard model prediction is about 4.2σ. It strengthens our faith in the new physics. U(1)XSSM is the U(1) extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, where we study the electroweak corrections to the anomalous magnetic dipole moment of muon from the one-loop diagrams and some two-loop diagrams possessing important contributions. These two-loop diagrams include Barr-Zee type, rainbow type and diamond type. The virtual supersymmetric particles in these two-loop diagrams are chargino, scalar neutrino, neutralino, scalar lepton, which are supposed not very heavy to make relatively large corrections. We obtain the Wilson coefficients of the dimension 6 operators inducing the anomalous magnetic dipole moment of muon. The numerical results can reach 25 × 10−10 and even larger.
Two-body lepton-flavour-violating decays in a 2HDM with soft family-lepton-number breaking
Authors: Jurčiukonis Darius , Lavoura Luís 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We evaluate the decays $$ {\ell}_1^{\pm } $$

ℓ
1
±

→ $$ {\ell}_2^{\pm}\gamma $$

ℓ
2
±

γ
, Z → $$ {\ell}_1^{+}{\ell}_2^{-} $$

ℓ
1
+

ℓ
2
−

, and h → $$ {\ell}_1^{+}{\ell}_2^{-} $$

ℓ
1
+

ℓ
2
−

, where ℓ1 and ℓ2 are charged leptons with different flavours and h is the scalar particle with mass 125.25 GeV, in a two-Higgs-doublet model where all the Yukawa-coupling matrices conserve the lepton flavours but the Majorana mass terms of the right-handed neutrinos break the flavour lepton numbers. We find that (1) the decays $$ {\ell}_1^{\pm } $$

ℓ
1
±

→ $$ {\ell}_2^{\pm}\gamma $$

ℓ
2
±

γ
require large Yukawa couplings and very light right-handed neutrinos in order to be visible, (2) the decays Z → $$ {\ell}_1^{+}{\ell}_2^{-} $$

ℓ
1
+

ℓ
2
−

will be invisible in all the planned experiments, except in a very restricted range of circumstances, but (3) the decays h → $$ {\ell}_1^{+}{\ell}_2^{-} $$

ℓ
1
+

ℓ
2
−

may be detected in future experiments for rather relaxed sets of input parameters.
Evidence for violations of Weak Cosmic Censorship in black hole collisions in higher dimensions
Authors: Andrade Tomas , Figueras Pau , Sperhake Ulrich 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We study collisions of boosted rotating black holes in D = 6 and 7 spacetime dimensions with a non-zero impact parameter. We find that there exists an open set of initial conditions such that the intermediate state of the collision is a black hole with a dumbbell-like horizon which is unstable to a local Gregory-Laflamme-type instability. We are able to provide convincing numerical evidence that the evolution of such an instability leads to a pinch off of the horizon in finite asymptotic time thus forming a naked singularity, as in similar unstable black holes. Since the black holes in the initial state are stable, this is the first genuinely generic evidence for the violation of the Weak Cosmic Censorship Conjecture in higher dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes.
$$ \mathcal{N} $$ = (1, 1) supersymmetric AdS3 in 10 dimensions
Authors: Macpherson Niall T. , Tomasiello Alessandro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Warped AdS3 solutions in 10 dimensional supergravity that preserve $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 1) supersymmetry are considered. Sufficient geometric conditions for their existence, and to stop the AdS3 factor experiencing an enhancement to AdS4, are presented. The internal space of such solutions decomposes as a foliation of M6 over an interval where M6 supports either an SU(3)- or SU(2)-structure. The former case is classified in terms of torsion classes and new solutions are found.
On Weak$$^*$$-Extensible Subspaces of Banach Spaces
Authors: Martínez-Cervantes G. , Rodríguez J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLet X be a Banach space and $$Y \subseteq X$$

Y
⊆
X

be a closed subspace. We prove that if the quotient X/Y is weakly Lindelöf determined or weak Asplund, then for every $$w^*$$

w
∗

-convergent sequence $$(y_n^*)_{n\in \mathbb N}$$

(

y
n
∗

)

n
∈
N

in $$Y^*$$

Y
∗

there exist a subsequence $$(y_{n_k}^*)_{k\in \mathbb N}$$

(

y

n
k

∗

)

k
∈
N

and a $$w^*$$

w
∗

-convergent sequence $$(x_k^*)_{k\in \mathbb N}$$

(

x
k
∗

)

k
∈
N

in $$X^*$$

X
∗

such that $$x_k^*|_Y=y_{n_k}^*$$

x
k
∗

|

Y

=

y

n
k

∗

for all $$k\in \mathbb N$$

k
∈
N

. As an application, we obtain that Y is Grothendieck whenever X is Grothendieck and X/Y is reflexive, which answers a question raised by González and Kania.
Impact of phospholipase C β1 in glioblastoma: a study on the main mechanisms of tumor aggressiveness
Authors: Ratti Stefano , Marvi Maria Vittoria , Mongiorgi Sara , Obeng Eric Owusu , Rusciano Isabella , Ramazzotti Giulia , Morandi Luca , Asioli Sofia , Zoli Matteo , Mazzatenta Diego , Suh Pann-Ghill , Manzoli Lucia , Cocco Lucio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma represents the most lethal brain tumor in adults. Several studies have shown the key role of phospholipase C β1 (PLCβ1) in the regulation of many mechanisms within the central nervous system suggesting PLCβ1 as a novel signature gene in the molecular classification of high-grade gliomas. This study aims to determine the pathological impact of PLCβ1 in glioblastoma, confirming that PLCβ1 gene expression correlates with glioma’s grade, and it is lower in 50 glioblastoma samples compared to 20 healthy individuals. PLCβ1 silencing in cell lines and primary astrocytes, leads to increased cell migration and invasion, with the increment of mesenchymal transcription factors and markers, as Slug and N-Cadherin and metalloproteinases. Cell proliferation, through increased Ki-67 expression, and the main survival pathways, as β-catenin, ERK1/2 and Stat3 pathways, are also affected by PLCβ1 silencing. These data suggest a potential role of PLCβ1 in maintaining a normal or less aggressive glioma phenotype.
A democratic way of controlling artificial general intelligence
Authors: Salmi Jussi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe problem of controlling an artificial general intelligence (AGI) has fascinated both scientists and science-fiction writers for centuries. Today that problem is becoming more important because the time when we may have a superhuman intelligence among us is within the foreseeable future. Current average estimates place that moment to before 2060. Some estimates place it as early as 2040, which is quite soon. The arrival of the first AGI might lead to a series of events that we have not seen before: rapid development of an even more powerful AGI developed by the AGIs themselves. This has wide-ranging implications to the society and therefore it is something that must be studied well before it happens. In this paper we will discuss the problem of limiting the risks posed by the advent of AGIs. In a thought experiment, we propose an AGI which has enough human-like properties to act in a democratic society, while still retaining its essential artificial general intelligence properties. We discuss ways of arranging the co-existence of humans and such AGIs using a democratic system of coordination and coexistence. If considered a success, such a system could be used to manage a society consisting of both AGIs and humans. The democratic system where each member of the society is represented in the highest level of decision-making guarantees that even minorities would be able to have their voices heard. The unpredictability of the AGI era makes it necessary to consider the possibility that a population of autonomous AGIs could make us humans into a minority.
Effect of process parameters on pulsed laser welding of AA5083 alloy using response surface methodology and pulse shape variation
Authors: Chludzinski Mariane , dos Santos Rafael Eugenio , Churiaque Cristina , Ortega-Iguña Marta , Sánchez-Amaya Jose Maria 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAluminium alloys exhibit eco-friendly aspects related to global environmental issues, such as almost unlimited recyclability. Nevertheless, some intrinsic characteristics are challenges to explore all their benefits. In the welding process, the high thermal conductivity and low melt point require high control of heat input. Alternatively, the pulsed laser mode provides a sharp beam focus with precise control enabling regulating the energy delivered. In this sense, this present work analysed the effect of pulsed laser welding parameters on 3-mm-thick AA5083 aluminium alloy sheets. Trials targeted to develop sound welds with minimum defect and high penetration depth adopting statistical methods. The optimum parameter arrangement was achieved by varying peak power, spot diameter, and pulse duration. Finally, the best parameter combination was applied using different pulse shapes to mitigate crack formation and pores. As a result, the pulse shape with step-down at the end of each pulse generated crack-free spot welds.