bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review and meta‐ethnographic synthesis of Mindfulness‐based Cognitive Therapy for people with major depression
Authors: Williams Kate , Hartley Samantha , Langer Susanne , Manandhar‐Richardson Mizla , Sinha Melissa , Taylor Peter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMindfulness‐based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is a relapse‐prevention intervention for people experiencing major depression. Three qualitative meta‐syntheses investigating experiences of taking part in MBCT and/or Mindfulness‐based Stress Reduction (MBSR) across different diagnostic populations reported themes including control, choice, group processes, relationships and struggles. As multiple studies have been published since, we aimed to update, systematically review and synthesize the experiences of participants with depression taking part in MBCT.MethodsFour databases were searched systematically (PsycInfo, Web of Science, Medline and CINAHL) up to and including 12 November 2021. Twenty‐one qualitative studies met the review criteria. All papers were rated as fair using a quality appraisal tool. Meta‐ethnography was applied.ResultsAcross 21 studies of participants with current or previous depression who had participated in MBCT, three overarching themes were developed: ‘Becoming skilled and taking action’, ‘Acceptance’ and ‘Ambivalence and Variability’. Participants became skilled through engagement in mindfulness practices, reporting increased awareness, perspective and agency over their experiences. Participants developed acceptance towards their experiences, self and others. There was variability and ambivalence regarding participants' expectations and difficulties within mindfulness practices.LimitationsMany studies were conducted in MBCT‐research centres that may hold conflicts of interest. Many studies did not address the impact of the participant–researcher relationship thus potentially affecting their interpretations. Studies were skewed towards the experiences of female participants.ConclusionsOur findings help to enhance participant confidence in MBCT, alongside understanding the processes of change and the potential for difficulties. MBCT is beneficial and provides meaningful change for many but remains challenging for some.
Compartmentalization Accelerates Photosensitized NADH to NAD+ Conversion
Authors: Nau Roland E. P. , Bösking Julian , Pannwitz Andrea 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConfinement of reaction spaces was achieved in a biomimetic manner by using liposome vesicles that are based on phospholipid bilayer membranes, similar to cellular compartments. Encapsulation of photosensitizer (PS) and substrate within the inner aqueous compartment of liposomes accelerated the photosensitized model reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) conversion to its oxidized form (NAD+) by one order of magnitude compared to classical homogeneous reaction conditions. Furthermore, it was found that the reaction proceeds around 40 % faster when the photosensitizer is dissolved in the inner aqueous compartment instead of being embedded within the phospholipid bilayer which is attributed to the diffusion behavior of singlet oxygen which acts as oxidant in this reaction. These experimental findings will allow for reaction and molecular systems design for photochemical and catalytic conversions and will be relevant in the context of creating artificial cellular compartments such as fully artificial chloroplasts.
The changes in levels of blood cortisol, glucose, and oxygen saturation in type 2 diabetic patients during tooth extraction
Authors: Agani Zana , Ahmedi Jehona , Ademi Abdyli Resmije , Prekazi Loxha Mergime , Hamiti‐Krasniqi Vjosa , Rexhepi Aida , Stubljar David 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe extraction of a tooth exacerbates the stress in diabetic patients leading to diabetic complications so the aim was to evaluate the changes in blood cortisol, glucose, and oxygen saturation in type 2 diabetic patients during tooth extraction to pay special attention during a routine surgical procedure.Materials and MethodsThe research included 40 patients with type 2 diabetes with indications of tooth extraction. They were divided into two subgroups by 20 participants and split according to local anesthesia (lidocaine with additional adrenaline or lidocaine only). Cortisol, blood sugar, blood pressure, arterial pulse, and blood oxygen saturation were measured. Patients were also evaluated for their sensitivity to pain through the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).ResultsCortisol and glucose levels scientifically increased throughout the procedure. Meanwhile, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure and saturation showed no difference between the measurements during and after tooth extraction (p = .280; p = .090; p = .590, respectively). Most patients (60.0%) felt no pain during/after the procedure. None of the subjects was feeling more pain than 30 points by VAS. The comparison between groups receiving lidocaine showed no statistical differences when adding adrenaline to lidocaine. Evaluation of pain by VAS showed that more patients felt pain when they were receiving lidocaine without adrenaline.ConclusionsDiabetic patients require a more cautious approach when undergoing teeth extractions despite it being a routine procedure.
High counting of circulating tumor cells in blood is not directly related to metastasis
Authors: Zhao Xiaohui , Qi Ziang , Gao Ziao , He Hao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood flow have been believed as an essential biomarker of cancer. The technologies of in vitro and in vivo CTC enrichment and detection suggest although CTCs might play a role of “seed” in metastasis, only the minority of CTCs, probably in the form of CTC clusters, hold the potential to develop a tumor in organs. The detected amount of CTCs might be solely an indicator of tumor burden. To provide new insights into this argument, we take advantage of a safe drug to tune the pacemaker activity of a mouse tumor model to increase the heart rate for a period of time every day during the tumor development. We detect the CTCs in vivo by fast line scanning of a confocal microscope when the heart rate returns to the baseline and find the average CTC amount is significantly elevated in the drug‐treated group but the metastases are even less than that of control. Our results imply the detected CTC counts in blood might not be directly related to metastasis.
Documenting the short‐tailed albatross (Phoebastria albatrus) clades historically present in British Columbia, Canada, through ancient DNA analysis of archaeological specimens
Authors: Royle Thomas C. A. , Guiry Eric. J. , Zhang Hua , Clark Lauren T. , Missal Shalegh M. , Rabinow Sophie A. , James Margaretta , Yang Dongya Y. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe short‐tailed albatross (Phoebastria albatrus) is a threatened seabird whose present‐day range encompasses much of the North Pacific. Within this species, there are two genetic clades (Clades 1 and 2) that have distinctive morphologies and foraging ecologies. Due to a global population collapse in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the frequency of these clades among the short‐tailed albatross population that historically foraged off British Columbia, Canada, is unclear. To document the species' historical genetic structure in British Columbia, we applied ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis to 51 archaeological short‐tailed albatross specimens from the Yuquot site (Borden site number: DjSp‐1) that span the past four millennia. We obtained a 141 bp cytochrome b sequence from 43 of the 51 (84.3%) analyzed specimens. Analyses of these sequences indicate 40 of the specimens belong to Clade 1, while 2 belong to Clade 2. We also identified a single specimen with a novel cytochrome b haplotype. Our results indicate that during the past four millennia most of the short‐tailed albatrosses foraging near Yuquot belonged to Clade 1, while individuals from other lineages made more limited use of the area. Comparisons with the results of previous aDNA analyses of archaeological albatrosses from Japanese sites suggest the distribution of Clades 1 and 2 differed. While both albatross clades foraged extensively in the Northwest Pacific, Clade 1 albatrosses appear to have foraged along the west coast of Vancouver Island to a greater extent. Due to their differing distributions, these clades may be exposed to different threats.
Multiscale nest‐site selection of ducks in the western boreal forest of Alberta
Authors: Dyson Matthew E. , Slattery Stuart M. , Fedy Bradley C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is limited data regarding the nesting ecology of boreal ducks and their response to industrial development, despite this region being an important North American breeding area. We investigated how landcover and oil and gas development affect third‐order nest‐site selection of boreal ducks. We located duck nests in Alberta's western boreal forest between 2016 and 2018. We used multiscale analysis to identify how scale affects the selection of a resource using generalized linear mixed‐effects models and determined what scale‐optimized combination of landscape features were most important in describing where ducks nest. We located 136 nests of six species of upland nesting ducks between 2016 and 2018. The magnitude, direction, and best spatial scale varied by resource. For landcover, ducks selected nest‐sites associated with mineral wetlands (300 m) and open water (300 m). Ducks avoided greater densities of seismic lines (300 m) and pipelines (2500 m) but selected nest‐sites associated with borrow pits (300 m) and roads (1000 m). We used our models to predict important duck nesting habitat in the boreal forest, which can support conservation and management decisions. We recommend conservation actions target the conservation of mineral wetlands and associated habitats within this working landscape. Further research is necessary to understand the adaptive consequences of nest‐site selection and how industrial development influences important nest predators.
Assessing diversity of King Crab Lithodes spp. in the south‐eastern pacific using phylogeny and molecular species delimitation methods
Authors: Pinochet Ramona , Pardo Luis Miguel , Cárdenas Leyla 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the genetic diversity of commercially significant species of King Crabs (Lithodes spp.) along the south‐eastern Pacific (SEP) comprises different independent evolutionary units (IEUs) with spatially isolated distribution. Nine localities from inner and open waters along the SEP Chilean coast (39°S‐55°S) were sampled. We analyzed sequences from 173 individuals for the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome oxidase I (COX‐I), 151 individuals for the Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS) and 135 for the structural ribosomal RNA (28S). Genetic delimitation was performed through three analytical methods: ABGD, GMYC, and its Bayesian implementation, bGMYC. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses and haplotype networks were also performed. Divergence time between clades was assessed for the COX‐I marker and estimated from known evolutionary rates for this marker in other crustacean species and fossil calibration from other Anomuran species. Delimitation analyses, phylogenetic analyses, and mitochondrial haplotype networks suggested the presence of two deeply divergent mitochondrial lineages of Lithodes in the SEP, referred to as Clade1 and Clade 2. Nuclear markers showed low phylogenetic resolution and therefore were unsuitable for molecular species delimitation. Divergence time analysis of the mitochondrial lineages suggests a separation between Clades of approximately 2.3 Mya. The divergence time obtained suggested that Pliocene glaciations and deglaciations cycles could be involved in hybridization events between Lithodes IEUs at southern tip of South American coasts. The different frequencies of Lithodes haplotypes in inner and open water environments along SEP coasts could be explained by events such as the last glacial maximum or by differences in the adaptation of each clade to different environments. These findings support the necessity of evaluating the taxonomic status of Lithodes individuals found along SEP coasts under an integrative taxonomy approach or through markers with other evolution rates than those already used.
High platelet reactivity is a predictor of left ventricular remodelling in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Tsuji Masahiro , Kawai Yusuke , Miyoshi Toru , Saito Eisuke , Kawamura Kohei , Ono Tamaki , Tokioka Koji , Ohe Tohru , Nakamura Kazufumi , Ito Hiroshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with left ventricular remodelling (LVR), which leads to progressive heart failure. Platelets play a pivotal role in promoting systemic and cardiac inflammatory responses during the complex process of myocardial wound healing or repair following AMI. This study aimed to investigate the impact of platelet reactivity immediately after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on LVR in AMI patients with ST‐segment (STEMI) and non‐ST‐segment elevation (NSTEMI).Methods and resultsThis prospective, single‐centre, observational study included 182 patients with AMI who underwent primary PCI (107 patient with STEMI and 75 patients with NSTEMI). Patients were administered a loading dose of aspirin plus prasugrel before the procedure, and platelet reactivity was assessed using the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay immediately after PCI. Echocardiography was performed before discharge and during the chronic phase (8 ± 3 months after discharge). LVR was defined as a relative ≥20% increase in left ventricular end‐diastolic volume index (LVEDVI). LVR in chronic phase was found in 34 patients (18.7%) whose platelet reactivity was significantly higher than those without LVR (259.6 ± 61.5 and 213.1 ± 74.8 P2Y12 reaction units [PRU]; P = 0.001). The occurrence of LVR did not differ between patients with STEMI and patients with NSTEMI (21.5% and 14.7%; P = 0.33). The optimal cut‐off value of platelet reactivity for discriminating LVR was ≥245 PRU. LVEDVI significantly decreased at chronic phase in patients without high platelet reactivity (<245 PRU) (from 49.2 ± 13.5 to 45.4 ± 15.8 mL/m2; P = 0.02), but not in patients with high platelet reactivity (≥d245 PRU) (P = 0.06). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that high platelet reactivity was an independent predictor of LVR after adjusting for LVEDVI before discharge (odds ratio, 4.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.85–9.79).ConclusionsHigh platelet reactivity measured immediately after PCI was a predictor of LVR in patients with AMI during the chronic phase. The role of antiplatelet therapy on inflammation in the myocardium is a promising area for further research.
Association between air pollution and COVID‐19 disease severity via Bayesian multinomial logistic regression with partially missing outcomes
Authors: Hoskovec Lauren , Martenies Sheena , Burket Tori L. , Magzamen Sheryl , Wilson Ander 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent ecological analyses suggest air pollution exposure may increase susceptibility to and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Individual‐level studies are needed to clarify the relationship between air pollution exposure and COVID‐19 outcomes. We conduct an individual‐level analysis of long‐term exposure to air pollution and weather on peak COVID‐19 severity. We develop a Bayesian multinomial logistic regression model with a multiple imputation approach to impute partially missing health outcomes. Our approach is based on the stick‐breaking representation of the multinomial distribution, which offers computational advantages, but presents challenges in interpreting regression coefficients. We propose a novel inferential approach to address these challenges. In a simulation study, we demonstrate our method's ability to impute missing outcome data and improve estimation of regression coefficients compared to a complete case analysis. In our analysis of 55,273 COVID‐19 cases in Denver, Colorado, increased annual exposure to fine particulate matter in the year prior to the pandemic was associated with increased risk of severe COVID‐19 outcomes. We also found COVID‐19 disease severity to be associated with interactions between exposures. Our individual‐level analysis fills a gap in the literature and helps to elucidate the association between long‐term exposure to air pollution and COVID‐19 outcomes.
Novel potent liposome agonists of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 phenocopy antibody treatment in cells
Authors: Boudesco Christophe , Nonneman Annelies , Cinti Alessandro , Picardi Paola , Redaelli Loredana , Swijsen Sofie , Roewe Julian , Reinhardt Peter , Ibach Melanie , Walter Jochen , Pocock Jennifer M. , Ren Yi , Driguez Pierre‐Alexandre , Dargazanli Gihad , Eyquem Stephanie , Proto Jonathan , Flores‐Morales Amilcar , Pradier Laurent 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe receptor Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's Disease and TREM2 stimulation represents a novel therapeutic opportunity. TREM2 can be activated by antibodies targeting the stalk region, most likely through receptor dimerization. Endogenous ligands of TREM2 are suggested to be negatively charged apoptotic bodies, mimicked by phosphatidylserine incorporated in liposomes and other polyanionic molecules likely binding to TREM2 IgV fold. However, there has been much discrepancy in the literature on the nature of phospholipids (PLs) that can activate TREM2 and on the stability of the corresponding liposomes over time. We describe optimized liposomes as robust agonists selective for TREM2 over TREM1 in cellular system. The detailed structure/activity relationship studies of lipid polar heads indicate that negatively charged lipid heads are required for activity and we identified the shortest maximally active PL sidechain. Optimized liposomes are active on both TREM2 common variant and TREM2 R47H mutant. Activity and selectivity were further confirmed in different native TREM2 expressing cell types including on integrated cellular responses such as stimulation of phagocytic activity. Such tool agonists will be useful in further studies of TREM2 biology in cellular systems alongside antibodies, and in the design of small molecule synthetic TREM2 agonists.
Prevalence and prognostic impact of retropharyngeal lymph nodes metastases in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Meta‐analysis of published literature
Authors: Tirelli Giancarlo , Gardenal Nicoletta , Zanelli Enrico , Borsetto Daniele , Phillips Veronica , Marcuzzo Alberto Vito , Fussey Jonathan , Polesel Jerry , Boscolo‐Rizzo Paolo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to estimate the prevalence and prognostic impact of retropharyngeal lymph node metastases (RLNMs) in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).MethodsThis meta‐analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria: studies with more than 20 patients reporting the prevalence or prognostic impact of RLNMs in OPSCC. Whenever available, data on HPV status and subsites were extracted.ResultsTwenty‐two articles were included. The overall prevalence of RLNMs in OPSCC was 13%, with no significant differences depending on HPV status. The highest prevalence was observed for posterior pharyngeal wall SCC (24%), followed by soft palate (17%), palatine tonsil (15%), and base of tongue (8%). RLNMs were associated with a significantly higher risk of death (HR:2.54;IC95%1.89–3.41) and progression (HR:2.44;IC95%1.80–3.30).ConclusionsThe prevalence of RLNMs in OPSCC was 13%, being higher in tumors of the posterior pharyngeal wall. RLNMs were associated with unfavorable outcomes.
A study of different battery thermal management systems for battery pack cooling in electric vehicles
Authors: Wankhede Sagar , Thorat Prajwal , Shisode Sanket , Sonawane Swapnil , Wankhade Rugved 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Thermal Management System (TMS) of the battery is one of the most significant systems in the building of an electric vehicle, with the goal of improving the battery's performance and life. The benefits and drawbacks of the proposed Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) solutions are thoroughly examined, as well as the adaptability of these systems. The purpose of this paper is to critically evaluate previous studies and research on the types, designs, and operating principles of BTMSs used in the building of various‐shaped lithium‐ion batteries, with a focus on cooling methods. The information thus compiled provides necessary and valuable information to people interested in this area, as well as future research directions, which may be utilized to improve the effectiveness of the BTMSs and hence the overall efficiency of the electric car. Details of various TMSs, such as air, Phase Change Material (PCM), Heat Pipe (HP), liquid, and immersion cooling, are addressed and contrasted with the goal of enhancing exterior heat dissipation. The major drawback of PCM‐ and HP‐based systems is the efficient change of state is not achieved, which results in a poor cooling effect of the battery pack. Liquid cooling is suggested as the most suitable method for large‐scale battery packs charged/discharged at higher charge rates (C‐rates) and in high‐temperature environments and it is suggested as the most suitable method for large‐scale battery packs charged/discharged at higher C‐rates and in high‐temperature environments.
Efficacy of a peer‐based in‐home education program in improving social‐emotional outcomes of parents and children
Authors: Koop Jennifer , Holliday Daniel , Mathews Brittany L. , Namaste Jessica , Alt Rebecca , Biel Christa Haring 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSignificant disparities in education and social‐emotional outcomes exist between racial/ethnic groups, particularly impacting children growing up in impoverished environments. Home visitation intervention programs, such as the Home Instruction for Parents of Preschool Youngsters (HIPPY), have been used for decades to improve academic readiness in these vulnerable preschool‐aged children. Although the benefits of HIPPY on academic readiness and performance are well‐documented, there has been no examination of social‐emotional benefits to participating parent‐child dyads. This study followed a HIPPY cohort over the course of 1 year to evaluate change in maternal and child social‐emotional and behavioral functioning. Program participants demonstrated reduced parental stress and depression and increased parental social connection as well as reduced child externalizing behaviors and improved child adaptive functioning over the course of the program, even in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic and associated lockdown. These data highlight the additional benefits of early home‐based academic intervention programs.