bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Effects of a Winter Wheat Cover Crop on Soil Water Use, Cotton Yield, and Soil Organic Carbon in No-Till Cotton Production Systems
Authors: Himanshu Sushil K. , Ale Srinivasulu , DeLaune Paul B. , Singh Jasdeep , Mauget Steven A. , Barnes Edward M. 
Published: October 2022

HighlightsSoil water depleted by the cover crop was quickly replenished by spring precipitation.Higher soil water was maintained during the cotton growing season under the cover crop treatment.Cover crops improved soil organic carbon under both irrigated and dryland conditions.Cover crops enhanced crop water productivity under both irrigated and dryland conditions.Abstract. Cover crops provide many soil health benefits to agricultural systems. An interest in growing cover crops in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production systems has been increasing in the Texas Rolling Plains (TRP) region. Due to limited rainfall and groundwater availability, producers in this semi-arid region are concerned that winter cover crops can reduce soil water availability for a subsequent cotton crop. In addition, the long-term effects of cover crops on soil organic carbon (SOC) are not well studied in this region. The overall goal of this study was to assess the long-term effects of growing a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) cover crop on soil water, SOC, seed cotton yield, and crop water productivity (CWP) under irrigated and dryland cotton production systems using the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) model. Measured data from cover crop experiments conducted at the Texas A&amp;M AgriLife Research Station at Chillicothe from 2011 to 2020 were used to evaluate the CROPGRO-Cotton and CERES-Wheat modules in the DSSAT Cropping System Model. The average percent error (PE) between the simulated and measured seed cotton yield was 0.3% and -0.9%, and that between the simulated and measured aboveground wheat biomass was 1.4% and -3.4% during the calibration and evaluation periods, respectively. For the simulation of SOC, the PE was 8.5% and 7.6% during the calibration and evaluation periods, respectively. Long-term (2001 to 2020) simulations showed that soil water was reduced substantially by the winter wheat cover crop before its termination. However, depleted soil water was quickly replenished by spring precipitation and maintained at a higher level during the cotton growing season. Winter wheat cover crops can potentially improve SOC in irrigated and dryland cotton production systems. The CWP of cotton also improved with a winter wheat cover crop under both irrigated and dryland conditions. We concluded that cover crops could potentially improve soil health and provide a sustainable environment for TRP cotton production. Keywords: CERES-Wheat, CROPGRO-Cotton, DSSAT, Soil health, Texas Rolling Plains (TRP).
Temperature-compensated fiber-optic online monitoring methodology for 3D shape and strain of near-space airship envelope
Authors: Sun Guangkai , Li Mohan , Wang Yuanfeng , Zhou Kangpeng , Hu Xuewen , Guo Zhi , Zhu Lianqing 
Published: October 2022

Near-space airships are high-end
airships that are being
vigorously developed in the aerospace industry. It has important
application value in the telecommunication, surveillance, monitoring,
remote sensing, and exploration fields. The envelope is the key
component that provides lift to the airship. Online monitoring of
envelope status is critical to ensuring airship performance, safety,
and reliability. However, online monitoring of the 3D shape and strain
of the airship envelope is still a challenging task. A hybrid
multi-core and single-core fiber-optic monitoring method with a
temperature self-compensation function is proposed to address this
issue. The method uses multi-core fiber optic sensors, 3D curves, and
a surface reconstruction algorithm to obtain the 3D shape of the
envelope. Temperature decoupling of the sensing signal is carried out
via sensors on the central core of the multi-core fibers that are only
sensitive to temperature, thereby eliminating the influence of
temperature changes on the measurement accuracy. The strain field of
the envelope skin is measured by single-core fiber optic sensors and a
strain interpolation algorithm. The accuracy of the proposed method is
experimentally validated. The results show that the 3D shape
measurement error of the envelope skin is 4.82% when the skin is bent
in the range of

10

m

−
1

−

15.38

m

−
1

. When the ambient temperature changes
in the range of

−

50

∘

C

−

150

∘

C

, the position measurement error
caused by the temperature change is only 1.2% of the effective
measurement length (160 mm) of the multi-core fiber optic
sensor. When the skin is stretched in the range of

500

−

5000

µ
ε

, the measurement error of the average
value of the skin strain field is only 0.75%. This proves that the
proposed method can simultaneously measure the 3D shape and strain
field of the envelope skin and also effectively suppress the influence
of ambient temperature changes on the measurement accuracy. The
proposed method has application prospects in the online monitoring of
airship envelopes.
Simulation of the temporal resolution uniformity of a dilation framing camera
Authors: Lin Kaixuan , Luo Qiuyan , Chen Jiajie , Wang Jiaheng , Huang Junkun , Wang Dong , Liu Jinyuan , Cai Houzhi 
Published: October 2022

The temporal resolution uniformity of a time-dilation framing camera is studied, and the ideal photocathode (PC) pulse curve is determined, while the temporal magnification factor is kept constant. To obtain the ideal curve, a series of linear pulses with the same slope are superposed. The variance in the temporal resolution and the number of linear pulses required are compared, while the superposition results with different slopes are used as the PC voltage. As the slope of the linear pulses decreases, the variance decreases, which means that the uniformity of the temporal resolution is improved, but the number of linear pulses required increases. In this study, linear pulses with a slope of 1 V/ps are superposed. Nine linear pulses with a front edge time of 200 ps, amplitude of 200 V, and flat top time of 1 ns are superimposed to approximate the ideal PC pulse curve with a constant temporal magnification factor of 10; the trigger times of the pulses are 0, 0, 0, 185, 200, 350, 450, 605, and 790 ps. When the superposition result is applied as the PC voltage and the measured signal is synchronized to the PC pulse at 128 ps–1 ns, the temporal resolution error is within 5%.
Camera-guided real-time laser ranging for multi-UAV distance measurement
Authors: Ojdanić Denis , Gräf Benjamin , Sinn Andreas , Yoo Han Woong , Schitter Georg 
Published: October 2022

This paper presents the design and implementation of a scalable laser
ranger finder (LRF)-based prototype system, which enables distance
measurement and precise localization of multiple unmanned aerial
vehicles (UAVs) in real-time. The system consists of a telescope and
camera as the image acquisition components, supplemented by an LRF and
a fast steering mirror (FSM) to obtain the distance measurement. By
combining the optical path of the camera and the LRF through a
dichroic mirror, the LRF is accurately aligned by the FSM based on the
angular position of a UAV within the camera field of view. The
implemented prototype successfully demonstrates distance measurements
of up to four UAVs with a bandwidth of 14 Hz per object.
Compact and broadband design of an 850 nm 2 × 2 3-dB directional coupler with a shallowly etched SWG gap
Authors: Dong Yue , Shen Hao , Xu Yin , Zhang Bo 
Published: October 2022

A compact and broadband

2

×

2

3 dB directional coupler (DC)
is designed at the 850 nm wavelength region based on the
silicon nitride platform. The proposed DC is equipped with a shallowly
etched subwavelength gratings (SWG) gap so that the length of the
coupling region is effectively reduced to 7.8 µm for
equally splitting the fundamental TE polarization state. Such a DC
coupling region is much more compact than that using empty and pure
SWG gaps. Meanwhile, the DC working bandwidth is determined to be
broader than 106 nm, and the insertion loss is always kept
under an acceptable level of 0.6 dB over the entire wavelength
region. Considering that the shallowly etched device requires two
photoetching processes in manufacturing, we did a numerical analysis
to characterize the fabrication tolerance under a minimum overlay
accuracy of 20 nm in both

x

and

y

directions. Such overlay mismatch
only increases the maximal imbalance from 0.55 to 0.6 dB at the
center wavelength. In addition, we discussed the impact of the
proposed DC in its potential application, i.e., optical
coherence tomography. The results show that the proposed DC is able to
support a high axial resolution of 3.77 µm, and the
20 nm overlay mismatch leads to neglected axial resolution
degradation.
Application of porosities in the transparent electrode layer of a perovskite solar cell for performance enhancement
Authors: Panda Arnab , Palodhi Kanik , Chakraborty Rajib , Maiti Soumen 
Published: October 2022

Substitution of monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon as active materials in
photovoltaics with highly efficient perovskite materials is quite
common. Although perovskite materials offer better flexibility, are
cost-effective, and have higher conversion efficiency, they still
require structural modifications for better performance. This study
quantitatively investigates how mesoporous top surfaces improve the
performance of methylammonium lead iodide (

C
H

3

N
H

3

P
b
I

3

) perovskite solar cells. In fact,
both the diameter and the depth of the pores have been tuned to
achieve better performance. The performance is further optimized by
replacing mesoporous active material with planar active material
coated with mesoporous indium tin oxide (ITO). We have demonstrated
that the proposed structure achieves the maximum conversion efficiency (

η

) of 27.43% with an open-circuit
voltage (

V

O
C

) of 1.07 V and a short circuit
current density (

J

S
C

) of

29.09

m
A

/

c
m

2

, with a fill factor (FF) of
88.10%.
Low-pixel-count imaging FMCW lidar
Authors: Gazizov Iskander , Zenevich Sergei , Rodin Alexander 
Published: October 2022

We demonstrate the imaging capability of a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) lidar based on a fiber bundle. The lidar constructs velocity and range images for hard targets at a rate of 60 Hz. The sensing range is up to 30 m with 20 mW output power. The instrument employs custom electronics with seven parallel heterodyne receivers. An example of image recovery is presented on 6-pixel “pictures” of a spinning disk and a drone hovering in the air. In experiments, we also tested the laser tuning linearity correction with a phase-locked loop. We see the practicality of such a low-pixel-count system as a boost in scanning rate of conventional lidars or for direct target imaging with a further upgrade of pixel count.
Cervical length distribution among Brazilian pregnant population and risk factors for short cervix: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Marquart Kaline Gomes Ferrari , Silva Thais Valeria , Mol Ben W. , Cecatti José Guilherme , Passini Renato , Pereira Cynara M. , Guedes Thaísa B. , Fanton Tatiana F. , Pacagnella Rodolfo C. ,   The P5 working group
Published: October 2022

Objective
Since there are populational differences and risk factors that influence the cervical length, the aim of the study was to construct a populational curve with measurements of the uterine cervix of pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy and to evaluate which variables were related to cervical length (CL) ≤25 mm.

Materials and methods
This was a multicenter cross-sectional study performed at 17 hospitals in several regions of Brazil. From 2015 to 2019, transvaginal ultrasound scan was performed in women with singleton pregnancies at 18 0/7 to 22 6/7 weeks of gestation to measure the CL. We analyzed CL regarding its distribution and the risk factors for CL ≤25 mm using logistic regression.

Results
The percentage of CL ≤ 25mm was 6.67%. Shorter cervices, when measured using both straight and curve techniques, showed similar results: range 21.0–25.0 mm in straight versus 22.6–26.0 mm in curve measurement for the 5th percentile. However, the difference between the two techniques became more pronounced after the 75th percentile (range 41.0–42.0 mm straight x 43.6–45.0 mm in curve measurement). The risk factors identified for short cervix were low body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.81 CI: 1.16–2.82), higher education (OR: 1.39 CI: 1.10–1.75) and personal history ([one prior miscarriage OR: 1.41 CI: 1.11–1.78 and ≥2 prior miscarriages OR: 1.67 CI: 1.24–2.25], preterm birth [OR: 1.70 CI: 1.12–2.59], previous low birth weight <2500 g [OR: 1.70 CI: 1.15–2.50], cervical surgery [OR: 4.33 CI: 2.58–7.27]). By contrast, obesity (OR: 0.64 CI: 0.51–0.82), living with a partner (OR: 0.76 CI: 0.61–0.95) and previous pregnancy (OR: 0.46 CI: 0.37–0.57) decreased the risk of short cervix.

Conclusions
The CL distribution showed a relatively low percentage of cervix ≤25 mm. There may be populational differences in the CL distribution and this as well as the risk factors for short CL need to be considered when adopting a screening strategy for short cervix.
Prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children 1–9 years old at Arsi Negele Town, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Jemal , Kassim Jeylan , Ahmed Muluneh , Gebeyehu Negeso 
Published: October 2022

Background
Trachoma is a public health issue in more than 50 nations worldwide, mainly in Sub-Saharan Africa, where hundreds of millions of people are considered blind. Ethiopia is projected to have 30% of the global active trachoma burden. The frequency of Trachoma Folliculitis in children aged 1 to 9 years old is 30% in the Oromia Region. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of active trachoma and associated variables among children aged 1 to 9 years old in Arsi Negele Town, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Southern Ethiopia, December 24–26, 2019.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Arsi Negele town community on December 24–26, 2019. A total of 178 study volunteers were recruited using a single population proportion formula and assigned to families in the town’s three kebeles in proportion. A simple random selection procedure was used to choose study participants from the identified households. Madda Walabu University provided ethical approval, and different government structures provided letters of permission. Pre-tested structured questionnaires and binocular loupes X 2.5 were used to collect data from either mothers or fathers of eligible children for eye examination; torches with bottles of alcohol were used to gather data from either mothers or fathers of eligible children for eye examination. For analysis, data was entered into (IBM, SPSS) version 22. To assess factors associated with active trachoma, bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used. The crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to investigate the degree of association between the independent variables and active trachoma. Multivariate logistic regression was used to find connections between dependent and independent variables with a p≤ 0.05 confidence levels and a 95% confidence interval.

Result
The prevalence of active trachoma was determined to be 21.91% TF among 178 children aged 1 to 9 years. Flies on children’s faces (AOR = 3.427; 95 percent CI: 1.432–8.171), unclean children’s faces (AOR = 3.99; 95 percent CI: 1.427–11.158), face washing habits (AOR = 3.064; 95 percent CI: 1.273–7.373), and not using soap while face washing (AOR = 4.564; 95 percent CI 1.561–13.342) were found to be statistically significant associated factors with the prevalence of active trachoma.

Conclusion
The prevalence of active trachoma was found to be relatively high. Face washing practices and the lack of soap use while washing faces were found as associated factors requiring optimal interventions to prevent trachoma infection among children aged 1–9 years in Arsi Negele town.
Study protocol for a non-randomised controlled trial: Community-based occupational therapy intervention on mental health for people with acquired brain injury (COT-MHABI)
Authors: Raya-Ruiz Marco Antonio , Rodríguez-Bailón María , Castaño-Monsalve Beatriz , Vidaña-Moya Laura , Fernández-Solano Ana Judit , Merchán-Baeza José Antonio 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionThe sequelae of moderate-severe acquired brain injury (ABI) encompass motor, cognitive, sensory, emotional and behavioural areas that affect meaningful occupational participation and quality of life, with a high prevalence of associated mental disorders. When the patient returns to community life after discharge from the hospital, specialised care is generally insufficient due to the lack of consideration of the dual condition of mental disorder and ABI. Since there is a negative impact on competence and thus on occupational participation, occupational therapy represents a convenient way of intervention. On these assumptions, a community-based occupational therapy protocol on mental health for people with moderate/severe acquired brain injury (COT-MHABI) is presented. It is focused on meaningful occupational participation and looks for improvement in the quality of life.Methods and analysisThis study aims: (i) to design a protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of a community occupational therapy intervention based on MOHO for patients with a dual (mental health/ABI) for improving quality of life and self-perceived occupational performance; (ii) to analyse the outcomes of occupational and social variables (occupational balance, participation level, satisfaction with occupation and performed roles and community integration) after the COT-MHABI process; (iii) to analyse the impact of quality of life on satisfaction with occupations performed by this population. A non-randomised controlled clinical trial will be performed. Patients assigned to the experimental group will receive over one year of on-site and telematic occupational therapy sessions, 16 sessions on average. Variables such as quality of life, community integration or satisfaction with occupational performance will be collected at baseline, 6, and 12 months.DiscussionThe needs for the dual mental/ABI population in their reintegration into the community are related to the associated deficits and to the absence of specialised services for the complexity of this patient profile. Few studies consider the coexistence of mental health and ABI issues. The COT-MHABI protocol is proposed to provide continuity to the community needs of this population, conceptualised from occupational participation, person-centred and focused on meaningful activities.Clinical trial registrationTrial identifier and registry nameClinicalTrials.gov ID:NCT04586842https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04586842?term=252136&draw=2&rank=1; Pre-results; Community-based Occupational Therapy Intervention on Mental Health for People With Acquired Brain Injury (COT-MHABI).
Designing appropriate, acceptable and feasible community-engagement approaches to improve routine immunisation outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: A synthesis of 3ie-supported formative evaluations
Authors: Tripathi Stuti , Jain Monica , Bagai Avantika , Rao Kirthi V. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction
As global child vaccination coverage has plateaued, understanding how to increase routine child vaccination rates further is key to avoiding preventable disease and death. To analyse how community engagement strategies can increase child vaccination, we synthesise the results from formative evaluations of interventions that aimed to increase vaccination coverage in Ethiopia, Myanmar, Nigeria, and Pakistan

Methods
This paper uses an inductive qualitative approach to synthesise the results from the six evaluations, gathering lessons for designing context appropriate interventions that are feasible to implement and acceptable to providers, communities, and caregivers.

Results
Assessing contextual, caregiver-level and provider-level barriers to vaccination is key to identifying appropriate engagement strategies. Across all contexts, low knowledge about the schedule of vaccines and the importance of timeliness represented a barrier to child immunisation. Despite the variability in how studies measured and reported caregiver attitudes, vaccine hesitancy was not found to represent an important barrier to immunisation. Frontline health workers played a critical role in community engagement approaches to increase vaccination. Interventions successfully obtained community buy-in by centre-staging community members, especially leaders, ensuring their participation in monitoring, and making immunisation an agenda item on community platforms. Interventions were implemented through existing health systems with substantial assistance from research teams. Limited data was available about intervention costs.

Conclusions
Interventions designed around community engagement strategies can be appropriate, acceptable, and feasible approaches to overcome barriers to vaccination in a variety of low- and middle-income country contexts. However, questions remain about the ability of health systems to implement interventions at scale, both from a cost perspective and a capacity perspective.
Neutrophil count multiplied by D-dimer combined with pneumonia may better predict short-term outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Xing Yinting , Yang Wei , Jin Yingyu , Liu Yanhong 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the predictive value of neutrophil, D-dimer and diseases associated with stroke for short-term outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).MethodsBy collecting the subitems of laboratory data especially routine blood and coagulation test in AIS patients, and recording their clinical status, the correlation, regression and predictive value of each subitem with the short-term outcomes of AIS were analyzed. The predict model was constructed.ResultsThe neutrophil count multiplied by D-dimer (NDM) had the best predictive value among the subitems, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve reached 0.804. When clinical information was not considered, the Youden index of NDM was calculated to be 0.48, corresponding to an NDM value of 7.78, a diagnostic sensitivity of 0.79, specificity of 0.69, negative predictive value of 96%. NDM were divided into 5 quintiles, the five grade of NDM (quintile) were < = 1.82, 1.83–2.41, 2.42–3.27, 3.28–4.49, 4.95+, respectively. The multivariate regression analysis was conducted between NDM (quintile), Babinski+, pneumonia, cardiac disease and poor outcomes of AIS. Compared with the first grade of NDM (quintile), the second grade of NDM (quintile) was not significant, but the third grade of NDM (quintile) showed 7.061 times, the fourth grade of NDM (quintile) showed 11.776 times, the fifth grade of NDM (quintile) showed 23.394 times in short-term poor outcomes occurrence. Babinski sign + showed 1.512 times, pneumonia showed 2.995 times, cardiac disease showed 1.936 times in short-term poor outcomes occurrence compared with those negative patients.ConclusionsNDM combined with pneumonia may better predict short-term outcomes in patients with AIS. Early prevention, regular examination and timely intervention should be emphasized for patients, which may reduce the risk of short-term poor outcomes.