bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A brassinosteroid functional analogue increases soybean drought resilience
Authors: Perez-Borroto Lucia Sandra , Guzzo María Carla , Posada Gisella , Peña Malavera Andrea Natalia , Castagnaro Atilio Pedro , Gonzalez-Olmedo Justo Lorenzo , Coll-García Yamilet , Pardo Esteban Mariano 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDrought severely affects soybean productivity, challenging breeding/management strategies to increase crop resilience. Hormone-based biostimulants like brassinosteroids (BRs) modulate growth/defence trade-off, mitigating yield losses; yet, natural molecule's low stability challenges the development of cost-effective and long-lasting analogues. Here, we investigated for the first time the effects of BR functional analogue DI-31 in soybean physiology under drought by assessing changes in growth, photosynthesis, water relations, antioxidant metabolism, nodulation, and nitrogen homeostasis. Moreover, DI-31 application frequencies' effects on crop cycle and commercial cultivar yield stabilisation under drought were assessed. A single foliar application of DI-31 favoured plant drought tolerance, preventing reductions in canopy development and enhancing plant performance and water use since the early stages of stress. The analogue also increased the antioxidant response, favouring nitrogen homeostasis maintenance and attenuating the nodular senescence. Moreover, foliar applications of DI-31 every 21 days enhanced the absolute yield by ~ 9% and reduced drought-induced yield losses by ~ 7% in four commercial cultivars, increasing their drought tolerance efficiency by ~ 12%. These findings demonstrated the practical value of DI-31 as an environmentally friendly alternative for integrative soybean resilience management under drought.
An ML prediction model based on clinical parameters and automated CT scan features for COVID-19 patients
Authors: Sinha Abhishar , Joshi Swati Purohit , Das Purnendu Sekhar , Jana Soumya , Sarkar Rahuldeb 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOutcome prediction for individual patient groups is of paramount importance in terms of selection of appropriate therapeutic options, risk communication to patients and families, and allocating resource through optimum triage. This has become even more necessary in the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic. Widening the spectrum of predictor variables by including radiological parameters alongside the usually utilized demographic, clinical and biochemical ones can facilitate building a comprehensive prediction model. Automation has the potential to build such models with applications to time-critical environments so that a clinician will be able to utilize the model outcomes in real-time decision making at bedside. We show that amalgamation of computed tomogram (CT) data with clinical parameters (CP) in generating a Machine Learning model from 302 COVID-19 patients presenting to an acute care hospital in India could prognosticate the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Models developed from CP alone, CP and radiologist derived CT severity score and CP with automated lesion-to-lung ratio had AUC of 0.87 (95% CI 0.85–0.88), 0.89 (95% CI 0.87–0.91), and 0.91 (95% CI 0.89–0.93), respectively. We show that an operating point on the ROC can be chosen to aid clinicians in risk characterization according to the resource availability and ethical considerations. This approach can be deployed in more general settings, with appropriate calibrations, to predict outcomes of severe COVID-19 patients effectively.
Salt flat microbial diversity and dynamics across salinity gradient
Authors: Hazzouri Khaled M. , Sudalaimuthuasari Naganeeswaran , Saeed Esam Eldin , Kundu Biduth , Al-Maskari Raja Saeed , Nelson David , AlShehhi Alya Ali , Aldhuhoori Maryam Abdulla , Almutawa Dhabiah Saleh , Alshehhi Fatema Rashed , Balan Jithin , Mundra Sunil , Alam Mohammad , Salehi-Ashtiani Kourosh , Purugganan Michael , Amiri Khaled M. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSabkhas are hypersaline, mineral-rich, supratidal mudflats that harbor microbes that are adapted to high salt concentration. Sabkha microbial diversity is generally studied for their community composition, but less is known about their genetic structure and heterogeneity. In this study, we analyzed a coastal sabkha for its microbial composition using 16S rDNA and whole metagenome, as well as for its population genetic structure. Our 16S rDNA analysis show high alpha diversity in both inner and edge sabkha than outer sabkha. Beta diversity result showed similar kind of microbial composition between inner and edge sabkha, while outer sabkha samples show different microbial composition. At phylum level, Bacteroidetes (~ 22 to 34%), Euryarchaeota (~ 18 to ~ 30%), unclassified bacteria (~ 24 to ~ 35%), Actinobacteria (~ 0.01 to ~ 11%) and Cyanobacteria (less than 1%) are predominantly found in both inside and edge sabkha regions, whereas Proteobacteria (~ 92 to ~ 97%) and Parcubacteria (~ 1 to ~ 2%) are predominately found in outer sabkha. Our 225 metagenomes assembly from this study showed similar bacterial community profile as observed in 16S rDNA-based analysis. From the assembled genomes, we found important genes that are involved in biogeochemical cycles and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. We observed a dynamic, thriving ecosystem that engages in metabolic activity that shapes biogeochemical structure via carbon fixation, nitrogen, and sulfur cycling. Our results show varying degrees of horizontal gene transfers (HGT) and homologous recombination, which correlates with the observed high diversity for these populations. Moreover, our pairwise population differentiation (Fst) for the abundance of species across the salinity gradient of sabkhas identified genes with strong allelic differentiation, lower diversity and elevated nonsynonymous to synonymous ratio of variants, which suggest selective sweeps for those gene variants. We conclude that the process of HGT, combined with recombination and gene specific selection, constitute the driver of genetic variation in bacterial population along a salinity gradient in the unique sabkha ecosystem.
Changes in salivary biomarkers associated with periodontitis and diabetic neuropathy in individuals with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Steigmann Larissa , Maekawa Shogo , Kauffmann Frederic , Reiss Jacob , Cornett Ashley , Sugai James , Venegas Julian , Fan Xudong , Xie Yuying , Giannobile William V. , Pop-Busui Rodica , Lombaert Isabelle M. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe objective of this pilot clinical study was to identify salivary biomarkers that are associated with periodontal disease and measures of diabetic autonomic dysfunction. Saliva samples from 32 participants were obtained from 3 groups: healthy (H), type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), and type 1 diabetes mellitus with neuropathy (DMN). Based on the periodontal examination, individuals’ mean Periodontal Screening and Recording scores were categorized into two groups (periodontally healthy and gingivitis), and correlated to specific salivary inflammatory biomarkers assessed by a customized protein array and enzyme assay. The mean salivary IgA level in DM was 9211.5 ± 4776.4 pg/ml, which was significantly lower than H (17,182.2 ± 8899.3 pg/ml). IgA in DMN with healthy periodontium was significantly lower (5905.5 ± 3124.8 pg/ml) compared to H, although IgA levels in DMN patients with gingivitis (16,894. 6 ± 7084.3) were not. According to the result of a logistic regression model, IgA and periodontal condition were the indicators of the binary response given by H versus DM, and H versus DMN, respectively. These data suggest that selected salivary biomarkers, such as IgA, combined with a periodontal examination prior to obtaining salivary samples can offer a non-invasive method to assess risk for developing diabetic neuropathy.
Supercapacitor based on polymeric binary composite of polythiophene and single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Shokry Azza , Karim Marwa , Khalil Marwa , Ebrahim Shaker , El Nady Jehan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aim of this work is to fabricate supercapacitor electrode based on poly (3-hexyl-thiophene-2, 5-diyl) (P3HT) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) nanocomposites with different ratios onto a graphite sheet as a substrate with a wide voltage window in nonaqueous electrolyte. Structural, morphological and electrochemical properties of the prepared nanocomposites of P3HT/SWCNTs were studied and discussed. The electrochemical properties included cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charging-discharging (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were investigated. The obtained results indicated that P3HT/SWCNTs nanocomposite possesses higher specific capacitance than that present in its individual component. The high electrochemical performance of the nanocomposite was due to formation of microporous structure which facilitates ions diffusion and electrolyte penetration in these pores. The morphological micrographs of the purified SWCNTs had buckypaper structure while the photomicrographs of P3HT/SWCNTs showed that SWCNTs appear behind and front of the P3HT nanospheres. The specific capacitance of 50% SWCNTs at 0.5 Ag−1 was found to be 245.8 Fg−1 compared with that of pure P3HT of 160.5 Fg−1.
Autoantibodies against IFNα in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and susceptibility for infection: a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Beydon Maxime , Nicaise-Roland Pascale , Mageau Arthur , Farkh Carine , Daugas Eric , Descamps Vincent , Dieude Philippe , Dossier Antoine , Goulenok Tiphaine , Farhi Fatima , Mutuon Pierre , Timsit Jean-Francois , Papo Thomas , Sacre Karim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIFNα and anti-IFNα autoantibodies have been implicated in susceptibility both for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and viral infection. We aimed to analyze the SLE disease phenotype and risk for infection associated with anti-IFN-α IgG autoantibodies in SLE patients In this multidisciplinary retrospective single referral center study, all consecutive patients with SLE admitted between January 1st and November 30th 2020 were considered. All subjects fulfilled the ACR/EULAR 2019 criteria for SLE. Anti-IFNα IgG autoantibodies were quantified at admission by ELISA. Demographic, medical history, laboratory, treatment, and outcome data were extracted from electronic medical records using a standardized data collection form. 180 patients [female 87.2%, median age of 44.4 (34–54.2) years] were included. The median disease duration was 10 years [4–20] with a median SLEDAI score of 2 [0–4] at study time. Fifty-four (30%) patients had a past-history of lupus nephritis. One hundred and forty-four (80%) had received long-term glucocorticoids and 99 (55%) immunosuppressive drugs. Overall, 127 infections—mostly bacterial and viral—were reported in 95 (52.8%) patients. Twenty SLE patients (11.1%) had positive anti-IFNα IgG autoantibodies with a titer ranging from 10 to 103 UA/mL. Age, sex, SLE phenotype and treatment did not significantly differ between SLE patients with or without anti-IFNα. Infection rate was similar in both groups except for tuberculosis which was more frequent in patients with anti-IFNα (20% vs. 3.1%, p = 0.01). The prevalence of autoantibodies against IFNα is high in SLE and associated with a higher frequency of tuberculosis.
Altered mitochondrial microenvironment at the spotlight of musculoskeletal aging and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Giannos Panagiotis , Prokopidis Konstantinos , Raleigh Stuart M. , Kelaiditi Eirini , Hill Mathew 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEmerging evidence has linked Alzheimer’s disease (AD) onset with musculoskeletal aging via a muscle-brain crosstalk mediated by dysregulation of the mitochondrial microenvironment. This study investigated gene expression profiles from skeletal muscle tissues of older healthy adults to identify potential gene biomarkers whose dysregulated expression and protein interactome were involved in AD. Screening of the literature resulted in 12 relevant microarray datasets (GSE25941, GSE28392, GSE28422, GSE47881, GSE47969, GSE59880) in musculoskeletal aging and (GSE4757, GSE5281, GSE16759, GSE28146, GSE48350, GSE84422) in AD. Retrieved differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were used to construct two unique protein–protein interaction networks and clustering gene modules were identified. Overlapping module DEGs in the musculoskeletal aging and AD networks were ranked based on 11 topological algorithms and the five highest-ranked ones were considered as hub genes. The analysis revealed that the dysregulated expression of the mitochondrial microenvironment genes, NDUFAB1, UQCRC1, UQCRFS1, NDUFS3, and MRPL15, overlapped between both musculoskeletal aging and AD networks. Thus, these genes may have a potential role as markers of AD occurrence in musculoskeletal aging. Human studies are warranted to evaluate the functional role and prognostic value of these genes in aging populations with sarcopenia and AD.
Bias and sensitivity in numerosity perception of negative emotions among individuals with high social anxiety
Authors: Yang Jae-Won , Baek Jongsoo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe cognitive model of social anxiety suggests an association between social anxiety and cognitive bias toward negative social information. This study investigated the numerosity perception of emotional faces among individuals with high social anxiety. Seventy-five college students completed self-reported questionnaires—assessing social anxiety symptoms—and a numerosity comparison experiment. In each trial of the experiment, participants were presented with a group of 16 emotional faces, varying in the number of faces expressing positive and negative emotions. They were asked to judge which emotion—positive or negative—was more numerous in the crowd. Bias and sensitivity in numerosity perception of emotions were estimated by fitting a psychometric function to participants’ responses. Individuals with low social anxiety showed a bias toward positive faces (t(17) = 2.44,p = 0.026), while those with high social anxiety did not (t(17) = 1.87,p = 0.079). Correlation analyses indicated that social anxiety was negatively associated with the parameters of the function (mean for bias and standard deviation for sensitivity;r =  − 0.34, p = 0.003 for mean;r =  − 0.23, p = 0.047 for standard deviation). Thus, our results suggest that socially anxious individuals lack the bias toward positive emotion and are more sensitive to negative emotion than nonanxious individuals in perceiving the numerosity of facial expressions.
Using multiagent modeling to forecast the spatiotemporal development of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland
Authors: Pałka Piotr , Olszewski Robert , Kęsik-Brodacka Małgorzata , Wendland Agnieszka , Nowak Karolina , Szczepankowska-Bednarek Urszula , Liebers David Th. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the article, the authors present a multi-agent model that simulates the development of the COVID-19 pandemic at the regional level. The developed what-if system is a multi-agent generalization of the SEIR epidemiological model, which enables predicting the pandemic's course in various regions of Poland, taking into account Poland's spatial and demographic diversity, the residents' level of mobility, and, primarily, the level of restrictions imposed and the associated compliance. The developed simulation system considers detailed topographic data and the residents' professional and private lifestyles specific to the community. A numerical agent represents each resident in the system, thus providing a highly detailed model of social interactions and the pandemic's development. The developed model, made publicly available as free software, was tested in three representative regions of Poland. As the obtained results indicate, implementing social distancing and limiting mobility is crucial for impeding a pandemic before the development of an effective vaccine. It is also essential to consider a given community's social, demographic, and topographic specificity and apply measures appropriate for a given region.
Low-mass young stars in the Milky Way unveiled by DBSCAN and Gaia EDR3: Mapping the star forming regions within 1.5 kpc
Authors: Prisinzano L. , Damiani F. , Sciortino S. , Flaccomio E. , Guarcello M. G. , Micela G. , Tognelli E. , Jeffries R. D. , Alcalá J. M. 
Published: July 2022

Context. With an unprecedented astrometric and photometric data precision, Gaia EDR3 provides, for the first time, the opportunity to systematically detect and map, in the optical bands, the low-mass populations of the star forming regions (SFRs) in the Milky Way.
Aims. We aim to provide a catalogue of the Gαiα EDR3 data (photometry, proper motions and parallaxes) of the young stellar objects (YSOs) identified in the Galactic plane |b| < 30°) within about 1.5 kpc. The catalogue of the SFRs to which they belong is also provided to study the properties of the very young clusters and put them in the context of the Galaxy structure.
Methods. We applied the machine learning unsupervised clustering algorithm density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) to a sample of Gaia EDR3 data photometrically selected on the region where very young stars (t ≲ 10 Myr) are expected to be found, with the aim of identifying co-moving and spatially consistent stellar clusters. A sub-sample of 52 clusters, selected among the 7 323 found with DBSCAN, has been used as template data set to identify very young clusters from the pattern of the observed colour-absolute magnitude diagrams through a pattern-match process.
Results. We find 124440 candidate YSOs clustered in 354 SFRs and stellar clusters younger than 10 Myr and within ≲ 1.5 kpc. In addition, 65 863 low-mass members of 322 stellar clusters located within ~500pc and with ages 10Myr ≲ t ≲ 100 Myr were also found.
Conclusions. The selected YSOs are spatially correlated with the well-known SFRs. Most of them are associated with well-concentrated regions or complex structures of the Galaxy, and a substantial number of them have been recognised for the first time. The massive SFRs, such as, for example, Orion, Sco-Cen, and Vela, located within 600–700 pc trace a very complex three-dimensional pattern, while the farthest ones seem to follow a more regular pattern along the Galactic plane.
Phytotherapie bei chronischen Venenleiden
Authors: Vlachojannis Julia , Chrubasik-Hausmann Sigrun 
Published: July 2022

SummaryBeinödeme können kardiale oder venöse Ursachen haben. Bei chronischen Venenleiden kommen Phlebotonika zum Einsatz. Hier muss zwischen Pflanzenextrakten und extrahierten bzw. synthetischen Pflanzenstoffen differenziert werden, die nicht zu den Phytotherapeutika zählen. In der gerade veröffentlichten überarbeiteten Leitlinie der Gesellschaft für Gefäßchirurgie wurden alle Phlebotonika gemeinsam als empfehlenswerte Behandlung mit gesicherter Wirksamkeit eingestuft. Zu den pflanzlichen Optionen zählen in Europa vor allem Extrakte aus dem Stechenden Mäusedorn (Ruscus aceolatus), der Rosskastanie (Aesculus hippocastanum) und dem Roten Weinlaub (Vitis vinifera). Die Wirksamkeits-Evidenz für Ruscusextrakt ist schlecht und für Rosskastanien und Roten Weinlaubextrakt nur mäßig. Trotzdem würdigte die S2k-Leitlinie aus dem Jahr 2019 den Einsatz der Extrakte aus der Rosskastanie und dem Roten Weinlaub mit dem Hinweis, dass die volle Wirksamkeit erst nach bis zu 4 Wochen eintritt. Deshalb ist es jetzt dringend erforderlich, den ausstehenden Wirksamkeitsnachweis mittels konfirmatorischer Studien für jeden Pflanzenextrakt separat zu erbringen, um die Leitlinien an die Wirksamkeitsevidenz anzupassen.
Influence of the Amount of Toothpaste on Cleaning Efficacy: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Sarembe Sandra , Ufer Carolin , Kiesow Andreas , Limeback Hardy , Meyer Frederic , Fuhrmann Ines , Enax Joachim 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this in vitro study was to test the influence of the amount of toothpaste on enamel cleaning efficacy.
Materials and Methods The hydrated silica-based test toothpaste (radioactive dentin abrasion: 60.19 ± 1.35) contained all ingredients of a regular fluoride toothpaste. The cleaning efficacy of four different toothpaste amounts (1.00 g, 0.50 g [both “full length of brush”], 0.25 g [“pea-size”], and 0.125 g [“grain of rice-size”]) diluted in 1.00 mL water were each tested for different brushing times (10, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 300 seconds) using a standardized staining model on human molars with a brushing machine. Photographic documentation and colorimetric measurements were conducted, respectively, initially, after staining and after each brushing step. Colorimetric measurements were used to calculate the stain removal (in %).
Statistical Analysis Results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey test and Levene's test for analysis of homogeneity of variance. The level of significance α was set at ≤ 0.05.
Results The cleaning efficacy decreased significantly when using smaller toothpaste amounts. Stain removal after 120 seconds brushing time was: 77.4 ± 5.0% (1.00 g toothpaste), 75.7 ± 3.4% (0.50 g toothpaste), 54.1 ± 6.7% (0.25 g toothpaste), and 48.2 ± 7.1% (0.125 g toothpaste), respectively.
Conclusion In this in vitro study the cleaning efficacy of a medium-abrasive, hydrated silica-based toothpaste was analyzed. Note that 1.00 g toothpaste showed for all brushing times a significantly higher cleaning efficacy than 0.25 g toothpaste and 0.125 g toothpaste.
Evaluation of HPV E6/E7 mRNA Detection in Clinically Suspected Cases of Cervical Cancer with Abnormal Cytology: Time to Upgrade the Screening Protocols
Authors: Sharma Bhawna , Lakhanpal Vikas , Singh Kanwardeep , Oberoi Loveena , Bedi Preet Kamal , Devi Pushpa 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 mRNA tests determine the oncogenic activity of the virus and represent a good clinical biomarker for predicting the risk of cervical cancer. So, the present study was conducted to know the role of HPV E6/E7 mRNA as a predictive biomarker for cervical carcinoma.
Methodology The present study was conducted on 55 clinical samples of cervical scrapings and biopsy from the clinically suspected cases (based on signs and symptoms) of cervical cancer having abnormal PAP smear. The samples were processed in three steps—(1) HPV DNA detection, (2) HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection, and (3) histopathological analysis.
Results Out of a total of 55 patients, 16 (29.09%) were positive for both HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HPV DNA and six were positive for only HPV DNA. So, a total of 22 (40%) patients were positive for HPV DNA. Out of these 22 samples, 10 (45.5%) were of HPV-16, six (27.3%) were of HPV-18, four (18.2%) were of HPV-31, and two (9.1%) were of HPV-45. Out of total 16 patients positive for HPV E6/E7 mRNA, 10 (62.5%) were of genotype 16 and six (37.5%) were of genotype 18. The patients who were found positive for HPV 31 and 45 genotypes did not have E6/E7 mRNA expression. On colposcopic-guided biopsy, among these 16 samples, eight (50%) were diagnosed with invasive squamous cell carcinoma, six (37.5%) with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3), and two (12.5%) with CIN2. Out of those six patients in whom only HPV DNA was positive, five had normal biopsy findings and one had CIN1.
Conclusion The present study suggests that HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection could be more reliable than DNA testing for predicting the risk of progression of HPV-induced cervical lesions to cervical carcinoma and it can be used as a non-invasive tool for triage and patient follow-up.