bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Degradation of the Lunar Surface by Small Impacts
Authors: O’Brien Patrick , Byrne Shane 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The surfaces of airless bodies like the Moon are bombarded by a steady stream of small impactors that lead to erosion of the topography over time. However, the rate of degradation from small impacts, a key parameter in interpreting the ages of present-day lunar surface features, is not well constrained. Here we demonstrate, using a numerical mass transport model, that impact erosion is a nonlinear diffusion process, in contrast to past studies of crater degradation that have assumed that the downslope mass flux of ejecta is linearly proportional to hillslope gradient. Nonlinearity is a consequence of the asymmetric shape of ejecta blankets on sloped surfaces, and as a result, the degradation rate on steep slopes is over 40% greater than on nearly flat surfaces. Using measurements of the morphology and formation rate of small primary and secondary craters, the kilometer-scale lunar landscape diffusivity is computed and compared to the value inferred from topographic profiles of degraded craters. We show that the abundance of decameter-scale craters forming on the Moon over the past decade is consistent with small impacts dominating the erosion of the lunar landscape, but only if the primary size−frequency distribution remains steep down to the submillimeter scale.
Anticipating the DART Impact: Orbit Estimation of Dimorphos Using a Simplified Model
Authors: Naidu Shantanu P. , Chesley Steven R. , Farnocchia Davide , Moskovitz Nick , Pravec Petr , Scheirich Petr , Thomas Cristina , Rivkin Andrew S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We used the times of occultations and eclipses between the components of the 65803 Didymos binary system observed in its light curves from 2003 to 2021 to estimate the orbital parameters of Dimorphos relative to Didymos. We employed a weighted least-squares approach and a modified Keplerian orbit model in order to accommodate the effects from nongravitational forces such as binary YORP that could cause a linear change in mean motion over time. We estimate that the period of the mutual orbit at the epoch 2022 September 26.0 TDB, the day of the DART impact, is 11.921 487 ± 0.000028 hr (1σ) and that the mean motion of the orbit is changing at a rate of (5.0 ± 1.0) × 10−18 rad s−2 (1σ). The formal 3σ uncertainty in orbital phase of Dimorphos during the planned Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission is 5.°4. Observations from 2022 July to September, a few months to days prior to the DART impact, should provide modest improvements to the orbital phase uncertainty and reduce it to about 4.°2. These results, generated using a relatively simple model, are consistent with those generated using the more sophisticated model of Scheirich & Pravec, which demonstrates the reliability of our method and adds confidence to these mission-critical results.
Thermal Reactions between H2S and O3: Implications for Europa Surface Chemistry
Authors: Tribbett Patrick D. , Loeffler Mark J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Here we present a laboratory study demonstrating a low-temperature thermal oxidation reaction within H2O + H2S + O3 solid ice mixtures that produces observable sulfur anion products at temperatures as low as 90 K. This reaction primarily produces SO2, sulfur anions (including HSO

3

−

, HSO

4

−

, and SO

4

2
−

), and O2 at lower temperatures (90–140 K) and hydrated states of sulfuric acid (H2SO4: nH2O, where n = 0, 1, 4) at higher temperatures (150–250 K). We estimate that the overall activation energy to initiate these reactions is 20 ± 3 kJ mol−1, which is significantly lower than the activation energy required to oxidize SO2 to the sulfate ion. Given the detection of sulfur species on the surfaces of the Galilean satellites and the prevalence of radiolytically produced oxidants, we expect that these thermal reactions will play an important role in explaining the results obtained from future observations and missions that can measure the spatial distribution of these species.
Investigating the Martian Surface at Decametric Scale: Population, Distribution, and Dimension of Heterogeneity from Radar Statistics
Authors: Grima Cyril , Putzig Nathaniel E. , Campbell Bruce A. , Perry Matthew , Gulick Sean P. S. , Miller Russell C. , Russell Aaron T. , Scanlan Kirk M. , Steinbrügge Gregor , Young Duncan A. , Kempf Scott D. , Ng Gregory , Buhl Dillon , Blankenship Donald D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Building on one decade of theory and methodology maturation, we investigate the coherent and incoherent components of the response of the Martian surface to nadir-looking orbital radar. We apply a reflectometry technique known as radar statistical reconnaissance to Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Shallow Radar data over a test region with a large dynamic range in echo strength. This technique provides a set of statistical parameters describing the heterogeneity of the surface and near-surface structure, presumably at a scale of ∼15 m. We discuss the physical meanings of these parameters related to surface and near-surface properties. Most (but not all) investigated terrains have a dominantly coherent surface return, a characteristic that is not necessarily indicative of a smooth surface. The observed behavior of the coherent and incoherent power components of the echo matches signal growth with increasing surface roughness. This finding allows us to identify smooth and level terrains that we use as a reference to approximate the surface height and slope variations of other regions. Nearly systematic mismatches between the SHARAD and MOLA-pulse-width roughness illustrate the complementarity of these data sets from their respective sensitivity range, and advocate for the use of self-affine radar backscattering models to account for roughness variations at different scales. Our methodology provides a wealth of surface properties assessment based on radar scattering with quasi-global coverage, without a dependence on other data, and at a decametric horizontal scale relevant to subregional geology investigation and landing site reconnaissance.
Uso de seriados televisivos como recursos didáticos para o ensino de química
Authors: Nunes Renata Cristina , Oliveira Thabata De Souza Araujo 
Published: October 2022

Recursos didáticos são amplamente utilizados no processo ensino-aprendizagem para facilitar a construção do conhecimento, mesmo que não tenham sido concebidos para esse fim, como os seriados televisivos. A utilização dos seriados em sala de aula permite inúmeras vantagens, tais como o trabalho interdisciplinar, interesse prévio dos estudantes e situações cotidianas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi fazer uma revisão da literatura acerca da utilização dos recursos didáticos na educação, com enfoque na utilização de seriados televisivos para o ensino de Química. Os dados revelam que é alta a porcentagem da população brasileira que assiste séries, utilizando-se predominantemente a televisão. Diversos autores defendem que a incorporação da vida cotidiana dos estudantes no contexto educativo contribui de fato para um processo mais efetivo de aprendizagem. No ensino de química, podem ser um forte aliado para a demonstração de processos químicos e/ou físicos de difícil execução, além de facilitar o trabalho com conteúdos mais abstratos. Os trabalhos analisados mostram que pode ser utilizado de formas diversas.
Fake news e pós-verdade na era da comunicação móvel e ubíqua: analisando as dinâmicas dos movimentos antigênero no Brasil
Authors: Teixeira Marcelle Medeiros , Couto Junior Dilton Ribeiro 
Published: October 2022

A pesquisa vem acompanhando/cartografando a emergência e os efeitos de fake news propagadas nas redes sociais pelos movimentos antigênero no Brasil. Essas notícias vêm sendo responsáveis por alimentar um cenário que contribui para a reiteração de discursos heteronormativos. Apropriamo-nos principalmente dos conceitos de fake news, pós-verdade e heteronorma e operamos com a abordagem cartográfica para acompanhar alguns dos fluxos de informação envolvendo a temática gênero e sexualidade compartilhados na rede. O texto analisou duas polêmicas envolvendo a ministra Damares Alves, 1) um vídeo no qual a ministra relata a aparição de Jesus na goiabeira e 2) a defesa do projeto de lei sobre a criação do Estatuto do Nascituro. O trabalho argumenta sobre a importância do movimento feminista em tempos de fake news e pós-verdade em prol do enfraquecimento das (hetero)normas.
Reflexões sob uma ótica feminista, interseccional e decolonial sobre desenvolvimento de ferramentas tecnológicas
Authors: Godoy Marianna Spindola , Jordão de Miranda Bruno 
Published: October 2022

A tecnologia é feita para quem? Somos todos por ela representados? Que visões de mundo representa a mesma? E será possível a tecnologia representar as nuances psicológicas e identitárias que tornam cada um de nós únicos? O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre como a criação de tecnologias e suas ferramentas podem ou não incentivar um sistema discriminatório e se influenciar pelo mesmo. Para tal, passamos por conceitos de discriminação, de feminismo interseccional com análise decolonial e de performidade. Assim, junto às reflexões de Donna Haraway, analisamos sobre como o sujeito criador da tecnologia impacta na construção de um futuro mais includente ou excludente. Após, utilizou-se a experiência na constituição da coleta de dados da plataforma de combate à violência discriminatória à lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, transexuais e intersexuais (LGBTI) ou LGBTIfobia Nohs Somos como exemplo sobre os conceitos debatidos. Dessa forma, buscou-se incentivar o debate sobre gênero, segregação e interseccionalidade na indústria tecnológica. Além disso, foram propostas reflexões acerca dos impactos discriminatórios no desenvolvimento de novas ferramentas, mostrando a relevância de equipes diversas para a resolução e percepção de problemas e, consequentemente, na constituição de tecnologias mais inclusivas.
O dissenso para descolonizar a prática científica: um ensaio sobre a ciência que vivenciei e aprendi com intelectuais afroindígenas
Authors: Távora Bruna 
Published: October 2022

A reflexão acerca do dissenso que apresento nesse artigo/ensaio partiu de uma experiência pessoal vivenciada com mulheres intelectuais negras e indígenas com quem compartilhei espaços de sala de aula na pós-graduação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro entre os anos de 2017 e 2019. Tornou-se uma hipótese científica pela mediação de um conjunto de autoras afroindígenas (KILOMBA, 2016; COLLINS, 2016; CURIEL, 2015; CUSICANQUI, 2018) que tem trabalhado com o pressuposto metodológico que afirma a importância da vivência e da experiência como mediação de conhecimento do real.
A representação da masculinidade hegemônica e do viril nas capas de uma revista homoerótica como fonte de reprodução da masculinidade hegemônica
Authors: Moura Renan Gomes de 
Published: October 2022

Com corpos chamativos, virilidade em evidência e a masculinidade hegemônica fortemente expressa, a s mídias, bem como as revistas “compõem um lócus especial de análise da ação do discurso e das imagens, modelando corpos e sujeitando-os a uma certa representação do feminino e do masculino” (MATOS; LOPES, 2008, p. 62). Exposto isso, o presente artigo analisa como as capas de revistas homoeróticas reforçam e/ou valorizam características socialmente atribuídas à masculinidade hegemônica. A metodologia adotada consiste na Análise Multimodal do Discurso, que, segundo Kress e Van Leeuwen (1996), trata-se de uma análise que emprega duas ou mais modalidades semióticas em sua composição. Notou-se que a revista selecionada para análise se preocupa em criar no imaginário do seu público o desejo pelo homem potente, e ao mesmo tempo, cria também a necessidade de rejeitar qualquer chance de aproximação com a homossexualidade, em especial com a imagem estereotipada do homossexual, ou seja, o homossexual não másculo e com poucos, ou nenhum, traços de virilidade.
La santé et la maladie dans les correspondances au début du XVIII e siècle. Les exemples de Mme de Maintenon et de Fénelon
Authors: Perru Olivier 
Published: October 2022

La maladie et la santé chez Madame de Maintenon s’inscrivent dans un cadre institutionnel strict : la primauté de la santé du Roi, un respect parfois critique à l’égard de Fagon. Si on trouve chez elle la trace d’un souci du corps et de la santé comme objet de préoccupation personnelle, son approche demeure spirituelle et post-tridentine. Il en est de même de Fénelon. Le vécu de la maladie se rencontre dans sa correspondance où il anticipe sur le siècle des Lumières : prendre soin de sa santé, assumer la souffrance sans exagérer son sens religieux, employer les bons moyens pour être capable physiquement de remplir ses fonctions sociales.
« Celui qui porte la chaussure » est-il le meilleur cordonnier ? Une justification épistémique de la démocratie participative à partir de John Dewey
Authors: Ferey Camille 
Published: October 2022

La réponse de John Dewey aux critiques élitistes de la démocratie de la première moitié du xx e siècle se fonde notamment sur une justification épistémique de ce régime, considéré par le philosophe pragmatiste comme le mieux à même de résoudre les problèmes et injustices sociales. Plus encore, J. Dewey montre que seul un approfondissement de la participation démocratique peut permettre de produire la connaissance de la réalité sociale nécessaire à sa transformation. L’article montre en quoi la conception participative de la démocratie ainsi élaborée pose les jalons d’une critique épistémologique des tendances épistocratiques des sociétés modernes. Ce faisant, il identifie dans certains arguments pragmatistes une préfiguration des thèses d’épistémologie radicale qui articuleront, plusieurs décennies plus tard, philosophie du savoir, philosophie sociale et théorie de la démocratie.
Du fonctionnement des syntagmes prépositionnels d’ultériorité dans x temps et x temps plus tard
Authors: Bres Jacques 
Published: October 2022

L’article étudie le fonctionnement de dans x temps , contrastivement à x temps plus tard , avec lequel il est parfois interchangeable, à partir de l’interaction de ces deux SP d’ultériorité avec les temps de l’indicatif. Alors que x temps plus tard a un fonctionnement anaphorique , dans x temps a un fonctionnement énonciatif : (i) à partir de l’énonciation à t 0 , il permet d’inscrire le procès auquel il est incident comme non factuel dans l’ultériorité ramifiée de l’époque future, ce, avec le présent, le futur et les prospectifs du présent ; et (ii), à partir d’une énonciation antérieure rapportée, il permet d’inscrire le procès dans l’ultériorité ramifiée du passé, ce, avec le conditionnel, l’imparfait et les prospectifs du passé. Mais, à la différence de x temps plus tard , il ne peut inscrire le procès comme factuel dans la linéarité de l’époque passée.
AFTERMATH OF PROLONGED MASK USAGE ON HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS IN COVID-19 ERA
Authors: Shivani  , Kumar Nishant , Sony Sinha 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The novel coronavirus, referred to as SARS-COV 2, originated in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The first COVID-19 case was recorded in India on January 30,2020, and the country crossed 3 crore cases after 510 days. The average number of cases and fatality figures shows how disastrous it has been for our country. The virus spreads by respiratory droplets, so healthcare professionals are forced to wear protective gear for a prolonged period of time when caring for COVID-19 patients.

Objective:
Healthcare professionals report side effects of prolonged use of masks (N95, SURGICAL MASK, DOUBLE MASKING) when caring for COVID-19 patients. This study delves into various adverse effects of prolonged mask use and provides recommendations to ease the burden on healthcare professionals and better prepare them for a third wave.

Methods:
This is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted through a digital survey among healthcare professionals, primarily located in Patna, who were involved in patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic. All respondents completed an anonymous survey consisting of fifteen questions regarding the side effects of mask they faced.

Results:
Among the 200 participants of this survey,61% (n=122) were females and 39% (n=78) were males. 53% (n=106) respondents reported adverse effects from prolonged mask use with nasal problems being the most common complaint (n= 37). Ocular symptoms(n=28), skin related symptoms(n=19) and headache(n=7) were some other reported problems.

Conclusion:
Prolonged use of masks by healthcare professionals during COVID-19 has caused adverse effects such suffocation, excessive nasal crusting, dryness of eyes, skin breakdown, mask acne and headache. Frequent breaks, improved hydration, proper rest pre and post duty hours, newly designed well fitted comfortable masks are some of the recommendations that can be adopted for these problems.
Common Mental Disorders and its Associated Factors among Thalassemic Patients
Authors: Zafar Mubashir 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Thalassemia is a common genetic disorder among Asian population. The objective of this study is to determine the common mental disorders among thalassemic patients.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study conducted in different thalassemic centers across Pakistan. A total 250 study participants were selected through multistage stratified sampling technique. A structured and validated questionnaires was used. Chi-square test used to determine the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics with mental disorders.

Results:
Among study participants, 16%, 20%, and 5% suffered from severe anxiety, depression, and psychosis disorder, respectively. Those patients living without parents had more likely associated with depression, anxiety and psychosis disorders. these patients also had more frequent need to blood transfusion.

Conclusion:
Prevalence of common mental disorders highest among thalassemic patients. There is need to screening of mental disorders among the thalassmic patients and they referred to psychiatry clinic for early management.
T2 Shading and T2 Dark Spot Sign in the Diagnosis of Endometriotic Cysts
Authors: Khan Insha , Gupta Anchal , Ilyas Mohd 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
The objective of the study is to assess the sensitivity and specificity of T2 shading and T2 dark spot sign in the diagnosis of endometriotic cysts.

Materials and Methods:
The present study evaluated adnexal hemorrhagic lesions without solid component investigated using sonography and 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging machine for the presence of T2 shading and T2 dark spot sign and their statistical value in the diagnosis of endometriotic cysts. The final study included 64 patients.

Results:
The T2 shading sign had the sensitivity and specificity of 85.71% and 37.5%, respectively. The T2 dark spot sign had the sensitivity and specificity of 76.79% and 100%, respectively.

Conclusion:
T2 shading sign is highly sensitive for the diagnosis of endometriotic cysts, whereas the T2 dark spot sign is highly specific for the diagnosis of endometriotic cysts. T2 shading sign has low specificity and T2 dark spot sign has low sensitivity.
Assessment of Conflict Management Skills of Nurse Tutors in Basic Schools of Nursing in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Agbo Stella O. , Nwaneri Caro A. , Chiegwu Hyacienth U. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Conflicts abound in basic schools of nursing with consequences such as strained relationships among staff, collapsed agreement, poor academic performances, and disruption of planned academic activities. Conflicts can, however, be beneficial when well managed.

Aim:
This study aims at assessing the conflict management skills of nurse tutors in Enugu State Basic Schools of Nursing.

Research Design:
A prospective survey research method was adopted.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty nurse tutors in three Basic Schools of Nursing in Enugu State were studied from June to December, 2015. Modified Thomas Kilman's generated questionnaire was used for data collection. It has 46 items in two sections – Section A, on demographic data, consisting mainly of close-ended questions with few open-ended questions and Section B, formatted on a 6-point Likert scale of 1–6, containing questions to determine conflict management skills of nurse tutors. Convenient sampling technique was used for data collection.

Data Analysis:
Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0 was used to analyze data. t-test and analysis of variance test were used to test the set hypotheses.

Results:
The mean scores for the various parameters were as follows: stress management skill (4.74 ± 0.666), social skills (5.10 ± 0.54), avoidance skills (3.99 ± 0.101), collaborative skills (4.5 ± 0.50), and competing skill (4.10 ± 0.69). Gender and cadre had no statistically significant influence on the conflict management skills of nurse tutors (P = 0.33).

Conclusion:
Nurse tutors in Enugu State Basic Schools of Nursing possessed good conflict management skills.
Child Abuse
Authors: Rana Nishita , Singh Namita , Shamsher Shaila , Thomas Abi M. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Child abuse is an increasing social problem with serious lifetime impact. Almost half of the violence cases affect the head-and-neck region, so dentists can play a proactive role in identifying and reporting possible cases of child abuse.

Aim:
This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude about physical and social indicators, legal aspects, and barriers in reporting mechanisms toward child abuse among dentists in Ludhiana city.

Methodology:
With prior consent, a self-administered structured questionnaire comprising 21 questions was distributed to 100 state-registered dentists of Ludhiana city. The data collected were descriptively analyzed using Pearson Chi-square test.

Results:
A total of 92 dentists responded to the questionnaire, with a response rate of 92%. Among them, 43% were females, while males were 57% and 64.4% of dentists were specialists, out of which 21% were pedodontists. A moderate proportion of the dentists (68%) had knowledge about indicators. The knowledge of indicators was more among pedodontists. However, no significant difference was seen between other respondents and pedodontists. Almost 79% knew their legal duty to report the suspected case. Forty percent of the dentist had encountered with child abuse cases with a significant difference among pedodontists when compared to other respondents, but only 23% reported a case. Fear of litigation, lack of referral knowledge, and uncertainty of diagnosis were major barriers in reporting. Ninety-two percent showed a positive attitude for further training in identification and reporting mechanisms for suspected cases.

Conclusion:
The respondent dentists had moderate knowledge regarding child abuse, positive attitude toward dealing with child abuse, but they were diffident and unaware of the appropriate authority to report. Considering this fact, a systematic educational program in diagnosis and reporting of child abuse is advised to provide adequate knowledge than lecture-based learning.