bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The T stage of esophageal cancer can be effectively predicted by muscularis propria thickness and muscularis propria + mucosa thickness under ultrasonic gastroscopy
Authors: Yu Yongkui , Wei Xiufeng , Chen Xiankai , Li Haomiao , Liu Qi , Sun Haibo , Wang Wei , Wang Lifeng , Li Yin , Xing Wenqun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe latest version of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgical treatment or radical chemoradiotherapy for patients with cT3N0M0. Neoadjuvant therapy can improve the prognosis of patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. Therefore, the evaluation or prediction of T stage is particularly important because the treatment could differently affect the prognosis. Here, we establish a model to predict the T stage of patients with T2‐3N0M0 to help choose the best treatment strategy.MethodsFrom 1637 patents with esophageal cancer, we enrolled 48 patients and performed least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to screen for independent factors influencing pathological T stage. We, then, trained the decision tree to obtain the decision tree diagram and divided the T stages obtained by different methods into two categories, T2 and T3, for survival analysis.ResultsA total of 21 and 27 cases were predicted to be T2 and T3, respectively, under ultrasonic gastroscopy, 19 and 29 under magnetic resonance imaging, and 22 and 26 under pathological examination. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the muscularis propria thickness (MPT) (p = 0.0097) and the muscularis propria + mucosa thickness (MPMT) in the largest tumor cross‐section (p = 0.0239) were independent influencing factors. We plotted a decision tree diagram with these two factors. MPT in the largest tumor cross‐section >1.3 mm could be judged as pT3; if ≤1.3 mm, MPMT should be considered a thickness ≥1.7 mm could be judged as pT2 (otherwise pT3). Corresponding survival analysis was performed according to the T stage under different examination modalities.ConclusionMPT in the largest tumor cross‐section and MPMT in the largest tumor cross‐section are independent predicting factors of pathological T stage.
Developing nondestructive species‐specific tree allometry with terrestrial laser scanning
Authors: Stovall Atticus E. L. , Vorster Anthony , Anderson Ryan , Evangelista Paul 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Allometric equations predict organism attributes from simple measurements and underlie many global‐scale estimates, from plant productivity to ecosystem carbon stocks. In forests, destructive harvesting of trees in common groups (e.g. plant functional type) or at the species level is necessary to develop allometry but, since sampling is extremely difficult, predictions from these equations have high uncertainty due to low sample size, spatial bias and unrepresentative sampling of tree size. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is a promising remote sensing technology that enables efficient and nondestructive estimates of tree‐level structure for developing allometric equations.

Here, we nondestructively estimated component biomass of three coniferous tree species (Pinus ponderosa, Pinus contorta and Pseudotsuga menziesii) in Colorado, USA using TLS. We evaluated the suitability for this nondestructive data to be supplanted for destructive data in the development of species‐specific allometric equations and compared the prediction accuracy against a commonly used national‐scale allometry.

We found TLS biomass estimates were consistently more precise across species (RMSE = ~19%) than nation‐scale allometry (RMSE = ~39%). Nondestructive biomass estimates from TLS are a suitable addition to or replacement for traditional sampling methods, with indistinguishable biomass predictions across most of the tested diameter range. We further show how TLS can be used to develop allometric equations compatible with airborne LiDAR and other remote sensing variables (e.g. height and crown area), developing generalized biomass predictions from crown area and tree height (R2 = 0.87).

The ability for TLS to support the development of nondestructive allometry at a global scale will enable a more nuanced understanding of the drivers of individual tree architecture, while supporting the next generation of biomass remote sensing.
Lack of amygdala habituation to negative emotional faces in alcohol use disorder and the relation to adverse childhood experiences
Authors: Gerhardt Sarah , Berhe Oksana , Moessnang Carolin , Horning Maibritt , Kiefer Falk , Tost Heike , Vollstädt‐Klein Sabine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAberrant limbic circuit reactivity to negative stimuli might be related to alterations in emotion processing and regulation in alcohol use disorder (AUD). The current study tested for the first time in AUD the hypothesis of aberrant amygdala habituation to repeated aversive stimuli—a robust and reliable neuroimaging marker for emotion processing. We explored the link between deficits in habituation to adverse childhood experience (ACE), a common risk factor for impaired emotion regulation and AUD. AUD individuals (N = 36) and healthy controls (HC; N = 26) participated in an observational case–control functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. An established habituation index was used to investigate processing of aversive emotional faces of the amygdala. AUD individuals showed an overall deficit in amygdala habituation (right: t = 4.26, pFWE = 0.004; left: t = 4.79, pFWE ≤ 0.001). Amygdala habituation was significantly related to increased exposure to ACE in HC (t = 3.88, pFWE = 0.012), whereas this association was not observed in AUD individuals (T = 1.80, pFWE = 0.662). Further, a significant association between higher alcohol consumption and reduced amygdala habituation (right: R2 = −0.356, F = 8.736, p = 0.004; left: R2 = −0.309, F = 6.332, p = 0.015) was observed. We found novel evidence for neural alterations in emotion processing in AUD individuals, indexed by deficient amygdala habituation to negative emotional content. We replicated a prior report on a link between ACE and amygdala habituation, a well‐established environmental risk factor for mental disorders and emotion dysregulation, in our control sample. Additionally, deficient amygdala habituation related to the amount of alcohol consumption in the overall sample might indicate a short‐term substance effect.
Carer‐reported measures for a dementia registry: A systematic scoping review and a qualitative study
Authors: Lin Xiaoping , Ward Stephanie A. , Pritchard Elizabeth , Ahern Susannah , Gardam Madeleine , Brodaty Henry , Ryan Joanne , McNeil John , Tsindos Tess , Wallis Kasey , Jeon Yun‐Hee , Robinson Sandra , Krysinska Karolina , Ayton Darshini 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesInformal carers play a critical role in supporting people with dementia. We conducted a scoping review and a qualitative study to inform the identification and development of carer‐reported measures for a dementia clinical quality registry.MethodsPhase 1—Scoping review: Searches to identify carer‐reported health and well‐being measures were conducted in three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase). Data were extracted to record how the measures were administered, the domains of quality‐of‐life addressed and whether they had been used in a registry context. Phase 2—Qualitative study: Four focus groups were conducted with carers to examine the acceptability of selected measures and to identify outcomes that were important but missing from these measures.ResultsPhase 1: Ninety‐nine carer measures were identified with the top four being the Zarit Burden Interview (n = 39), the Short‐Form12/36 (n = 14), the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced scale and the Sense of Coherence scale (both n = 9). Modes of administration included face‐to‐face (n = 50), postal (n = 11), telephone (n = 8) and online (n = 5). No measure had been used in a registry context. Phase 2: Carers preferred brief measures that included both outcome and experience questions, reflected changes in carers' circumstances and included open‐ended questions.ConclusionsCarer‐reported measures for a dementia clinical quality registry need to include both outcome and experience questions to capture carers' perceptions of the process and outcomes of care and services. Existing carer‐reported measures have not been used in a dementia registry context and adaption and further research are required.
Behavior change training for pregnant women's communication during birth: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Derksen Christina , Dietl Johanna Elisa , Haeussler Freya Elise , Steinherr Zazo Miriam , Schmiedhofer Martina , Lippke Sonia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractApplying health psychological theories can improve communication interventions to empower pregnant women and ensure safe births. The aim was to test a short digital communication intervention based on the health action process approach. A randomized‐controlled trial was conducted with pregnant women at two German university hospitals. The intervention group (NT1 = 225; NT2 = 142) received a 2.5 h online training focusing on communication planning, self‐efficacy and communicating personal needs and preferences under difficult circumstances. This group was compared with a passive control group (NT1 = 199; NT2 = 144). Data from the N = 286 women with complete datasets were used for multilevel analyses. Data from all recruited N = 424 women were used for intention‐to‐treat analyses with multiple imputation. Both groups improved regarding communication behavior, quality of birth, action planning, coping planning and coping self‐efficacy after birth, which was more pronounced in the intervention group. The intention‐to‐treat analyses confirmed the higher improvement for communication behavior, perceived quality of birth and coping planning. The intervention was related to improvements in pregnant women's communication behavior and quality of birth. Hence, future research and practice should apply and evaluate health psychological theories when targeting communication and empowerment.
Synchronous vs independent reading of prostate‐specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA‐PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to improve diagnosis of prostate cancer
Authors: Doan Paul , Counter William , Papa Nathan , Sheehan‐Dare Gemma , Ho Bao , Lee Jonathan , Liu Victor , Thompson James E. , Agrawal Shikha , Roberts Matthew J. , Buteau James , Hofman Michael S. , Moon Daniel , Lawrentschuk Nathan , Murphy Declan , Stricker Phillip D. , Emmett Louise 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo identify whether synchronous reading of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and 68Ga‐PSMA‐11 positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (prostate‐specific membrane antigen [PSMA‐PET]) images can improve diagnostic performance and certainty compared with mpMRI/PSMA‐PET reported independently and synthesized, while also assessing concordance between imaging modalities and agreement with histopathology.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of 100 patients randomly selected from the PRIMARY trial, a prospective Phase II multicentre imaging trial. Three dual‐trained radiologist/nuclear medicine physicians re‐reported the mpMRI and PSMA‐PET both independently and synchronously for the same patients in random order, blinded to previous results. Diagnostic performance was assessed for mpMRI/PSMA‐PET images read synchronously or independently and then synthesized. Agreement between imaging results and histopathology was examined. ‘Concordance’ between imaging modalities was defined as overlapping lesions. Reporting certainty was evaluated by the individual reporters for each modality.ResultsInternational Society of Urological Pathology Grade Group ≥2 cancer was present in 60% of patients on biopsy. Synchronous reading of mpMRI/PSMA‐PET increased sensitivity compared to mpMRI or PSMA‐PET alone (93% vs 80% vs 88%, respectively), although specificity was not improved (63% vs 58% vs 78%, respectively). No significant difference in diagnostic performance was noted between mpMRI/PSMA‐PET read synchronously and mpMRI or PSMA‐PET reported independently and then synthesized. Most patients had concordant imaging (60%), while others had discordant lesions only (28%) or a mixture (concordant and discordant lesions; 12%). When mpMRI/PSMA‐PET findings were concordant and positive, 95% of patients had clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). When PSMA‐PET alone was compared to synchronous PSMA‐PET/MRI reads, there was an improvement in reader certainty in 20% of scans.ConclusionSynchronous mpMRI/PSMA‐PET reading improves reader certainty and sensitivity for csPCa compared to mpMRI or PSMA‐PET alone. However, synthesizing the results of independently read PSMA‐PET and mpMRI reports provided similar diagnostic performance to synchronous PSMA‐PET/MRI reads. This may provide greater flexibility for urologists in terms of referral patterns, reducing healthcare system costs and improving efficiencies in prostate cancer diagnosis.
Rift kinematics preserved in deep‐time erosional landscape below the northern North Sea
Authors: Wrona Thilo , Whittaker Alexander C. , Bell Rebecca E. , Gawthorpe Robert L. , Fossen Haakon , Jackson Christopher A.‐L. , Bauck Marit Stokke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOur understanding of continental rifting is, in large parts, derived from the stratigraphic record. This record is, however, incomplete as it does not often capture the geomorphic and erosional signal of rifting. New 3D seismic reflection data reveal a Late Permian‐Early Triassic landscape incised into the pre‐rift basement of the northern North Sea. This landscape, which covers at least 542 km2, preserves a drainage system bound by two major tectonic faults. A quantitative geomorphic analysis of the drainage system reveals 68 catchments, with channel steepness and knickpoint analysis of catchment‐hosted palaeo‐rivers showing that the landscape preserved a >2 Myr long period of transient tectonics. We interpret that this landscape records a punctuated uplift of the footwall of a major rift‐related normal fault (Vette Fault) at the onset of rifting. The landscape was preserved by a combination of relatively rapid subsidence in the hangingwall of a younger fault (Øygarden Fault) and burial by post‐incision sediments. As such, we show how and why erosional landscapes are preserved in the stratigraphic record, and how they can help us understand the tectono‐stratigraphic evolution of ancient continental rifts.
Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup M7: A predictor of poor prognosis for colorectal cancer patients in Chinese population
Authors: Yan Zeyu , Yuan Qing , He Yiwei , Peng Fan , Liu Yang , Zhang Huanqin , Ji Xiaoying , He Xianli , Zhao Qi , Xing Jinliang , Guo Xu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHaplogroups and single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were associated with the prognosis of many types of cancer patients. However, whether mtDNA haplogroups contribute to clinical outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Chinese population remains to be determined. In this study, mtDNA of tissue samples from 445 CRC patients from Northwestern China was sequenced to evaluate the association between haplogroup and prognosis. The mtDNA sequencing data of 1015 CRC patients from Southern China were collected for validation. We found patients with mtDNA haplogroup M7 had a significantly higher death risk when compared with patients with other haplogroups in both Northwestern (Hazard ratio [HR] = 3.093, 95% CI = 1.768–5.411, p < 0.001) and Southern (HR = 1.607, 95% CI = 1.050–2.459, p = 0.029) China. Then, a haplogroup M7–based mtSNP classifier was selected by using LASSO Cox regression analysis. A nomogram comprising the mtSNP classifier and clinicopathological variables was developed to predict the prognosis of CRC patients (area under the curve [AUC] 0.735, 95% CI = 0.679–0.791). Furthermore, patients with high‐ and low‐risk scores calculated by the haplogroup M7–based mtSNP classifier exhibited significantly different overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) (all p < 0.001). Finally, RNA‐seq and immunohistochemical analyses indicated the poor prognosis of patients with haplogroup M7 may be related to mitochondrial dysfunction and immune abnormalities in CRC tissues. In conclusion, the haplogroup M7 and haplogroup M7–based mtSNP classifier seems to be a practical and reliable prognostic predictor for CRC patients, which provides a potential tool of clinical decision‐making for patients with haplogroup M7 in Chinese population.
Identification of odontogenic ameloblast associated as a novel target gene of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Yamaguchi Kiyoshi , Horie Chiaki , Takane Kiyoko , Ikenoue Tsuneo , Nakagawa Saya , Isobe Yumiko , Ota Yasunori , Ushiku Tetsuo , Tanaka Mariko , Fujishiro Jun , Hoshino Noriko , Arisue Atsuhiro , Nishizuka Satoshi , Aikou Susumu , Shida Dai , Furukawa Yoichi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway plays a key role in development and carcinogenesis. Although some target genes of this signaling have been identified in various tissues and neoplasms, the comprehensive understanding of the target genes and their roles in the development of human cancer, including hepatoma and colorectal cancer remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we searched for genes regulated by the Wnt signaling in liver cancer using HuH‐7 hepatoma cells. A comparison of the expression profiles between cells expressing an active form of mutant β‐catenin and cells expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) identified seven genes upregulated by the mutant β‐catenin gene (CTNNB1). Among the seven genes, we focused in this study on ODAM, odontogenic, ameloblast associated, as a novel target gene. Interestingly, its expression was frequently upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, and hepatoblastoma. We additionally identified a distant enhancer region that was associated with the β‐catenin/TCF7L2 complex. Further analyses revealed that ODAM plays an important role in the regulation of the cell cycle, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation. These data may be useful for clarification of the main molecular mechanism(s) underlying these cancers.
Dual targeted therapy with pyrotinib and trastuzumab forHER2‐positive advanced colorectal cancer: A phase 2 trial
Authors: Fu Xianhua , Ying Jieer , Yang Liu , Fang Weijia , Han Weidong , Hu Hanguang , Zhang Suzhan , Yuan Ying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis trial was initiated to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib in combination with trastuzumab in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐positive recurrent/metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). In this single‐arm, open‐label, multicenter, phase 2 trial patients with HER2‐positive recurrent/metastatic CRC were enrolled and received oral pyrotinib 400 mg once a day plus intravenous trastuzumab 8 mg/kg loading dose followed by 6 mg/kg once every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Disease control rate (DCR), progression‐free survival (PFS), duration of response, and safety were assessed as secondary endpoints. From December 2019 to October 2021, a total of 20 patients were enrolled and 18 of them were evaluable for response. All patients were B‐rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (BRAF) wild type. Four patients achieved partial response, with an ORR of 22.2% (4/18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.4–47.6) and DCR of 61.1% (11/18, 95% CI 35.8–82.7), while the ORR and DCR were 33.3% (4/12, 95% CI 13.8–60.9) and 83.3% (10/12, 95% CI 51.6–97.9), respectively, inRASwild‐type patients. At the time of cut‐off day, median follow‐up was 10.7 months (range 3.8–13.8). The median PFS was 3.4 months (95% CI 1.8–4.3) in the overall population and 4.3 months (95% CI 3.2–8.5) in theRASwild‐type group. The most common adverse event of grade ≥3 was diarrhea (13/20, 65.0%). Pyrotinib combined with trastuzumab showed promising antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile in patients withRAS/BRAFwild‐type HER2‐positive advanced CRC.
Putative founder effect of Arg338* AP4M1 (SPG50) variant causing severe intellectual disability, epilepsy and spastic paraplegia: Report of three families
Authors: Becker Aurélie , Felici Charlotte , Lambert Laëtitia , de Saint Martin Anne , Abi‐Warde Marie‐Thérèse , Schaefer Elise , Zix Christian , Zamani Mina , Sadeghian Saeid , Zeighami Jawaher , Seifi Tahereh , Azizimalamiri Reza , Shariati Gholamreza , Galehdari Hamid , Selig Mareike , Ding Can , Duerinckx Sarah , Pirson Isabelle , Abramowicz Marc , Clément Guillemette , Leheup Bruno , Jonveaux Philippe , Lefort Geneviève , Bronner Myriam , Renaud Mathilde , Bonnet Céline 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBi‐allelic variants affecting one of the four genes encoding the AP4 subunits are responsible for the “AP4 deficiency syndrome.” Core features include hypotonia that progresses to hypertonia and spastic paraplegia, intellectual disability, postnatal microcephaly, epilepsy, and neuroimaging features. Namely, AP4M1 (SPG50) is involved in autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 50 (MIM#612936). We report on three patients with core features from three unrelated consanguineous families originating from the Middle East. Exome sequencing identified the same homozygous nonsense variant: NM_004722.4(AP4M1):c.1012C>T p.Arg338* (rs146262009). So far, four patients from three other families carrying this homozygous variant have been reported worldwide. We describe their phenotype and compare it to the phenotype of patients with other variants in AP4M1. We construct a shared single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) haplotype around AP4M1 in four families and suggest a probable founder effect of Arg338* AP4M1 variant with a common ancestor most likely of Turkish origin.
Can cooperatives help commercial farms to access credit in China? Evidence from Jiangsu Province
Authors: Peng Yuanyuan , Wang H. Holly , Zhou Yueshu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChinese agriculture is experiencing a transition from smallholder farming to the emergence of commercial farms that are characterized by intensification and specialization in production, as well as commercialization and cooperation in management. It requires substantial capital to facilitate such a transition, but it is very difficult for farmers in China to access bank credit. One way that commercial farms have to overcome such handicap is by organizing themselves into cooperatives. To assess the effect of cooperatives on the credit accessibility of commercial farms, we have developed a theoretical model as well as an empirical study of commercial farms in Jiangsu Province based on data from a survey of 754 commercial farm owners. Instrumental variable (IV) methods and the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method that control endogeneity problem are used in the analysis. The empirical results show that cooperatives have a significant positive impact on the credit access of commercial farms. Commercial farms participating in cooperatives may alleviated their credit constraints by about 17.3 percentage points and increase the average credit per capita by nearly 80,000 Yuan. Cooperatives improve the credit access of commercial farms by exerting strong market power and reputation effect based on its organizational advantages. A disaggregated analysis also reveals that small commercial farms tend to benefit more from cooperatives in improving credit access than large commercial farms.