bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Literature Analysis on the Bornean Orangutan (Pongo Pygmaeus) Conservation Ecotourism in Tanjung Puting National Park, Waringin Barat City, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Puti Minang Anjarani  , Marini Yunita  , Grace Caroline Mailoa  
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to analyze the development of orangutans conservation ecotourism in Tanjung Puting National Park based on previous studies.
Research Methods: The methodology used in this study is a literature review approach. Data collection was carried out by collecting data and information in the form of related journals from previous research.
Results and Discussion: Synchronization and collaboration between stakeholders is important in improving the management of TPNP and implementing policies so that they are effective and optimal
Implication: The dynamics of orangutan conservation are not being implemented according to their natural habitat.

Keywords: ecotourism, conservation, Bornean orangutan (pongo pygmaeus).
Cobalt Electrodeposition in Nanoporous Anodic Aluminium Oxide Films with Different Oxidation Time
Authors: MA Di , LI Shubai , YU Dongmei , WANG Bin , CHEN Zou , HOU Danan 
Published: September 2022

The anodic aluminum oxide films with different oxidation times were investigated using electrochemical techniques including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and open-circuit potential versus time. The stable open-circuit potential versus time indicates that the longer anodization time provides a larger block for cobalt electrodeposition. The EIS monitoring revealed the capacitance characteristics of the barrier layer. When the oxidation time is 4 h, the thickness and porosity of AAO film are 1517 nm and 16.4 % corespondingly, and the radius of the capacitive reactance arc is the smallest. The reduction peak current of CV is attributed to the change in diffusion coefficient of cobalt when oxidation time changes.
Contacts with deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in the Danish healthcare system from 2005-2016
Authors: Bentsen Lasse Paludan 
Published: September 2022

Background: The combination of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Embolism (PE), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE), is the third most frequent cardiovascular disease. It can lead to chronic complications and can be lethal in the acute phase. As age is a risk factor for an increasing incidence of VTE, the growing elderly population is expected to increase the number of VTE. With this study, we aimed to investigate the number of VTE contacts in the Danish healthcare system from 2005-2016 with focus on yearly, monthly and daily variation.
Methods: We extracted data on patient contacts to all public Danish hospitals in the period from 2005-2016 with a diagnosis of either DVT or PE (ICD-10 diagnosis of I801, I802, I803, I808, I269, I269, I260 or I817D). Data will be presented descriptively as combined numbers but also stratified by weekday, month and year.Results: We observed 57,804 contacts with DVT and 46,161 PE in the study period. DVT contacts was 5,005 (8.7%) in 2005 and decreased by 5.5% to 4,734 (8.2%) in 2016. For PE it we observed an increase of 96.8% from 2,579 (5.6%) in 2005 to 5,075 (11.0%) in 2016. When sampling months of all years, the month with the highest number of contacts for DVT were March with 5,150 (8.9%) and lowest being February with 4,550 (7.9%). For PE it was January with 4,350 (9.4%) and April with 3,505 (7.6%), respectively. Contacts with either DVT or PE was most likely during weekdays, Monday being the higher with 11,096 (19.2%) for DVT and 8,222 (17.8%) for PE. Weekends was least likely with Saturday being the lowest with 5,085 (8.8%) for DVT and 4,301 (9.3%) for PE.
Conclusion: Number of patient contacts to Danish hospitals in the period of 2005-2016 has been decreasing for DVT but increased for PE. We found a small variation in contacts with either diagnosis each month. For day of contact, the most likely was Monday and least likely Saturday.
Diphoterine® for chemical burns of the skin
Authors: Dinesen Felicia 
Published: September 2022

Background: Chemical burns represent a small part of burn injuries, but the incidence seems to increase. Traditionally a chemical burn is rinsed with water or water and soap. Diphoterine is an amphoteric, chelating, polyvalent, slightly hypertonic solution made for decontamination of chemical splashes proposing one treatment suitable for most kinds of chemical burns. Objective: In this systematic review we aimed to assess the effect of Diphoterine on chemical burns compared with water or no treatment. The primary endpoint was depth of burn and secondary outcomes included pain, duration of hospitalization, time to return to work, need for surgery, pH, and complications associated with using Diphoterine.
Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were systematically searched on March 22, 2021 using the term “Diphoterine”. Interventional, observational, and cohort studies were included. No language restrictions were applied. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool for randomized trials and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS 0-9) for non-randomized studies.Results: A total of 8 studies were included. Only 1 retrospective study evaluated the depth of a chemical burn and found no difference between the Diphoterine group and the control group. Three studies reported on pain and found a more pronounced decrease in pain when using Diphoterine compared to the control groups. Two studies found significant improvement of pH when using Diphoterine. No studies found a difference in time to return to work or duration of hospitalization. No studies addressed the need for surgery. No studies found any complications associated to the use of Diphoterine. Risk of bias was judged high in the included RCT and the rest of the studies was awarded between 3 and 7 stars on NOS.
Conclusion: This systematic review found no difference between Diphoterine compared with water or no treatment on depth of a chemical burn. Diphoterine seems to be associated with less pain compared to water or no treatment, and Diphoterine seems to have a neutralizing effect of chemical burns.
Disease severity of ambulance patients with non-specific diagnoses
Authors: Søvsø Morten Breinholt 
Published: September 2022

Emergency department (ED) and emergency medical services (EMS) contacts are increasing and one third of ED patients receive non-specific diagnoses (ICD-10 chapters R ‘symptoms and signs’ and Z ‘other factors’). We hypothesize that non-specific diagnoses may be assigned to 1) frail patients with potentially serious conditions presenting with unclear symptoms and 2) patients with unclear symptoms due to low disease acuity or severity. Thus, in EMS patients discharged with non-specific diagnoses, we investigated renewed contacts within 30 days, changes in diagnoses and corresponding changes in 30-day mortality.
Observational cohort study of patients brought to hospital after emergency call and discharged with an ICD-10 chapter Z or R diagnosis during 2016-2018 in the North Denmark Region. Mortality and renewed contacts (new contact within 30 days) were modelled by Poisson regression. Comorbidity groups was determined according to Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI).Of 73783 EMS patients with hospital contact following an 1-1-2 emergency call, 32% (N=24229) were assigned a non-specific diagnosis upon discharge. Median age 56.0 years (32.7;73.1), 48.9% were female and 65.7% had no comorbidity (CCI=0), 25.9% had moderate (CCI= 1-2) and 8.4% had high comorbidity (CCI: 3-). Mortality within 30 days was 2.9% and 2095 patients had a renewed contact. Of these, 59.8% received a specific ICD-10 diagnosis; circulatory (17.5%), injury/poisoning (12.0%), mental/behavioral (11.1%), respiratory (8.2%) and digestive diseases (6.2%). In renewed contacts, patients with different diagnoses had more than a twofold increase in 30-day mortality (adjusted RR (95%CI)): 2.52 (1.27-4.98), higher mean age (58.3 vs. 54.2) and high comorbidity was more frequent (14.9% vs. 7.7%) when compared to patients with non-specific diagnoses.
One third of included patients were assigned a non-specific diagnosis, and less than 10% had renewed contact within 30 days. Compared to patients with a non-specific diagnosis, patients given a specific ICD-10 diagnosis upon renewed contact had more comorbidity and more than a twofold increase in adjusted mortality risk. The most frequent specific diagnoses for renewed contact were circulatory diseases, injury/poisoning and mental/behavioral disorders. Most emergency ambulance patients with non-specific diagnoses had low mortality and no renewed contact, however 5% had potentially serious underlying conditions and high mortality.
Fewer emergency ambulances during the Covid-19-pandemic in North Denmark Region
Authors: Lindskou Tim 
Published: September 2022

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic have led to decreases in hospital admissions during the first period in the spring 2020, also among acute patients. However, it is not known if the pandemic had any influence on the most severely acutely ill and injured, that is patients calling the emergency number and requesting an ambulance. Prehospital data, both logistic and medical journals, are present in all of Denmark’s five health care regions, as are in-hospital data. The aim was to study hospital diagnoses and 1-and 30-days mortality among the ambulance-patient population in the North Denmark Region in 2020 compared to previous years.
Methods: This is a regional pilot study in preparation of a nationwide study, designed as a population based historic cohort study of patients calling the emergency number in North Denmark Region in 2020 compared to the years 2017-2019. Prehospital data were linked with patient administrative data on hospital diagnoses (ICD-10) and date of death. Outcomes were prevalence and mortality. Proportions were estimated using Poisson regression and proportions were compared by relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: Compared with 2017-19, there were 6.5 % (95%CI 3.6;9.2) fewer patients in 2020. The proportion of hospitalizes patients increased 1% (RR 1.01, 95%CI 1.01;1.02), whereas patients not brought to a hospital decreased 5% (RR 0.95, 95%CI 0.92;0.97). Proportion of patients with respiratory diseases was reduced, from mean 2042/year to 1479 in 2020 (RR 0.76, 95%CI: 0.72;081), particularly during the first period of the Covid-19 pandemic in March-June. There was no difference for other major diagnoses, such as cardiovascular disease with mean 3046/year versus 3083 in 2020. There was no difference in over-all 1 and 1-30-day mortality in 2020 compared to 2017-19, neither for patients with nor without hospital contact, and no difference in mortality for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.
Conclusion: In the North Denmark Region the overall number of emergency calls decreased during the Covid-19 pandemic. Respiratory diseases decreased markedly by 24% in 2020. Opposed to other studies we found no difference for cardiovascular diseases. This may be a regional pattern, and a nationwide study is needed to elucidate this.
Higher paediatric readiness in emergency departments and trauma centres with a paediatrician on-site
Authors: Thoft Jensen Liva 
Published: September 2022

Background: Critically ill and injured children are frequently admitted to mixed adult/paediatric emergency departments and trauma centres. Children constitute a smaller proportion of patients in these facilities, thus leading to the risk of poor quality of paediatric emergency care being provided. Studies show that day-to-day readiness for the emergency care of children affect paediatric patient safety and is associated with a reduced risk of mortality among critically ill children. This study aimed to assess the level of paediatric readiness in Danish emergency departments and trauma centres. We hypothesised that trauma centres had a higher paediatric readiness than emergency departments.
Methods: From November 2020 to January 2021, a nationwide survey was conducted in all 18 Danish emergency departments and four trauma centres. The questionnaire was a Danish translation of the 2013 American assessment of paediatric readiness provided by the National Pediatric Readiness Project. Facility chief physicians were approached by phone and for those willing to participate, the questionnaire was e-mailed for completion by designated healthcare professionals working in the emergency department or trauma centre. Primary outcome was paediatric readiness, which was assessed using the weighted paediatric readiness score based on a scale from 0-100. A score of 100 points indicated full compliance with the 2009 American Guidelines for Care of Children in the Emergency Department. The weighted paediatric readiness score was presented as median with interquartile range (IQR). Our hypothesis was tested using the Mann-Whitney U test, and a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 13 emergency departments and three trauma centres replied resulting in a response rate of 73%. There was no significant difference in weighted paediatric readiness scores between emergency departments, median (IQR) 70.0 (56.1-78.2) and trauma centres 75.6 (70.9-78.4); (P = 0.42). Facilities with a paediatrician on-site 24/7 (n=12) had higher paediatric readiness scores 75.5 (67.7-78.8) than four facilities without an on-site paediatrician 53.8 (44.9-63.1); (P = 0.02).
Conclusion: Trauma centres did not have a higher paediatric readiness than emergency departments. However, we found a higher paediatric readiness in facilities with a paediatrician on-site.
Length of stay after admission for traumatic injury
Authors: Christiansen Nanna Marie 
Published: September 2022

Background: There has been a large reconfiguration within the Danish emergency departments since 2007, including merging of hospitals and establishing joint emergency departments with larger populations, leading to an enhancement in experienced healthcare personnel, specialized equipment and the availability of medical specialists. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between length of stay at the hospital after a physical traumatic injury and the reconfiguration of emergency departments.
Methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective cohort study including patients admitted as trauma patients at Hospital of South West Jutland within the Region of Southern Denmark and in the years 2007-2016. Statistical analyses were conducted using multiple linear regressions.
Results: A total of 1693 trauma patients were included, of which 580 patients were admitted before the reconfiguration and 1113 were admitted after. The results showed a beta coefficient of -0.32 with a p-value <0.001 and 95% confidence interval of -0.48 to -0.15, giving a 27.1% decrease in length of stay after the reconfiguration compared to before.
Conclusion: After reconfiguring emergency departments, the length of stay for trauma patients has decreased, suggesting enhanced efficiency and increased the quality of care for trauma patients.
Reorganisation of emergency departments: From policy to practice
Authors: Tipsmark Line Stjernholm 
Published: September 2022

Background: In 2007, a national policy of emergency department reorganisation was announced in Denmark. To obtain the expected benefits of the policy, the policy must be put into practice. The aim of this study is to assess the relation between policy and practice after this policy announcement.
Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study and we conducted a survey across all Danish emergency departments (n=21), to assess the policy implementation from 2007-2017. The questionnaire was answered by executive staff at the EDs (100% response rate). We applied the multi-contingency theory as an analytical framework to classify policy recommendations (specialised equipment, centralisation, multidisciplinary teams, triage, flow coordinator, senior physician, qualification upgrade) according to key organisational design dimensions (strategy, structure, coordination, staff, incentive structure) known to affect patient outcome. The framework further guides our analysis and expectations of the policy implementation process and ED impact.

Results: The implementation rate varied across organisational dimensions: Coordination (multidisciplinary teams, triage, flow coordinator) was first implemented and terminated at the highest rates from 86-100%, whereas the implementation of structure (specialised equipment and centralisation) and staff (senior physicians and qualification upgrade) were more sluggish with implementations rates from 10-76% and 33-90%, respectively. The policy did not adhere to the multi-contingency theory and strategy and incentive structure were identified as missing organisational design dimensions of the policy.
Conclusion: We found hesitant and heterogeneous translation from policy to practice, probably due to cooperation and recruitment challenges. According to our analytical framework, these issues might be caused by a lack of linkage between policy and theory. However, most of the Danish EDs developed new coordination strategies to resolve these issues. Since the policy did not suggest a complete design plan, it is not surprising, that the EDs have tried to develop independent solutions. It also shows that if only a partial design is specified with no time limits, the implementation may take different routes.
Shock index as a predictor for mortality in trauma patients
Authors: Vang Malene 
Published: September 2022

Background: Traumatic injury accounts for 7.8% of all deaths globally, and 30% to 40% of those deaths are due to hemorrhage. Shock Index (SI) has been found to be useful in the recognition of hemorrhage but no definite threshold for predicting mortality has been determined. Our aim was to determine whether a SI ≥ 1 in adult trauma patients was associated with increased in-hospital mortality compared to a SI < 1.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library were searched using controlled vocabulary, and retrospective observational studies were included. Studies were included if they reported in-hospital mortality in trauma patients aged ≥ 16 years, with a measurement of SI from the emergency department or trauma center, dividing patients in groups of SI ≥ 1 and SI < 1. Risk of bias was assessed by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and the strength and quality of the body of evidence was assessed according to GRADE. Data was pooled using a random effects model.Results: We screened 1239 citations with an inter-rater reliability (Cohen’s kappa) of 0.90 (95% CI 0.88-0.93). Thirteen comparative cohort studies including 639210 patients were included. All studies reported a significant higher in-hospital mortality in adult trauma patients with a SI ≥ 1 compared to those having a SI < 1 at first assessment in the emergency department or trauma center. Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled risk ratio (RR) of in-hospital mortality was RR 4.29 (95% confidence interval 3.00 - 6.12). The overall quality of evidence was low.
Conclusion: This systematic review found a fourfold risk of in-hospital mortality in adult trauma patients with an initial SI ≥ 1 in the emergency department or trauma center.
Lockdown Drills
Authors: Schildkraut Jaclyn , Nickerson Amanda B. 
Published: September 2022

A comprehensive resource on what lockdown drills are, why they are necessary, and how best to conduct them.
The first book to offer a comprehensive examination of lockdown drills in K–12 schools, Lockdown Drills balances research findings with practical applications and implications. Schildkraut and Nickerson, school safety experts with complementary backgrounds in criminology and school psychology, review the historical precedents for lockdown drills, distinguish school lockdowns from other emergency procedures (such as active shooter drills), explain why they are conducted, present evidence-based research on their effectiveness, and describe how to conduct them according to best practices. Proponents of lockdown drills as a life-saving necessity, the authors help to bring much-needed standardization to how these drills are studied and conducted.
The authors present common arguments for and against the inclusion of lockdown drills in emergency preparedness efforts, balancing their discussion of the perceptions and psychological impacts of lockdown drills with scholarly research on the extent to which lockdown drills improve how effectively individuals respond to a potential threat. Placing lockdown drills in the larger context of school safety and preparedness, they examine the broader implications for policymakers. Finally, they emphasize that drills, of which lockdowns are only one type, are just a part of the complex school safety puzzle. Ensuring that schools are safe places for students and educators begins long before a crisis occurs and continues through the days, weeks, and years of recovery following a crisis.
Influence of Pre Sowing Seed Treatments with Biofertilizers and Plant Growth Regulators on Growth, Yield and Yield Attributing traits of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Var. Rachna
Authors: Kumar Gummadi Vinod , Rai Prashant Kumar , Jain Prashant Ankur 
Published: September 2022

The field experiment was conducted during Rabi Season 2021-22 at field experimental centre at Genetics and Plant Breeding Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj, (U.P). The soil of the experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.1), low in organic carbon (0.36 %), available N (171.48 kg/ha), available P (15.2 kg/ha) and available K (232.5 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with thirteen treatments including control which were replicated thrice. The treatments were as follows, TO- Control, T1, T2, T3- Rhizobium - 10%, 15%, 20%, T4, T5, T6-Azospirullum – 5%, 10%, 15%, and T7, T8, T9-Gibberellic acid (GA3)-50ppm, 75ppm, 100 ppm, T10, T11, T12- NAA -10 ppm, 15ppm, 20ppm respectively. The experiment results revealed that seeds treated with T9-Gibberellic Acid-100% ppm gave better results followed by T3-Rhizobium@ 20% and T12-NAA @20 ppm than other treatments viz, Field emergence (80.06), Plant height (94.75cm), Days to 50% flowering (68.71), Days to Maturity (120.98), number of branches per plant (7.24), number of pods per plant (20.86), number of seeds per pod (4.55), seed yield per plant (17.44 g), Seed yield per plot (269.61 grams), Biological yield (50.78 grams), Seed index (23.91), Harvest index (34.24%) were recorded significantly higher compared to other treatments.
Effects of Growing Media and Biocapsules on Germination and Growth of Papaya (Carica papaya) cv. Pusa Nanha
Authors: Kikhi Vivino , Bahadur Vijay , Mishra Saket , Simon Sobita , Topno Samir E. , Paul Anupriya 
Published: September 2022

The study, was carried out during March – June 2022 at Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj. The experiment was carried out to see the performance of the most suitable soil media for growth and establishment of Papaya seedlings. There were nine treatments including control viz, M0 Control (Garden soil), M1(Soil + FYM), M2 (Soil+FYM+biocapsules), M3 (Soil+FYM+Neemcake), M4 (Soil + FYM + Neemcake + biocapsules), M5 (Soil +FYM + Vermicompost), M6 (Soil + Sand + Vermicompost + biocapsules), M7 (Soil + FYM + Sand) M8 (Soil+FYM+Sand+Biocapsules) replicated three times with 10 seeds per replication. Growth medium significantly affected the growth, biomass, and root morphological indexes of papaya seedlings. The results reveal that the treatment M6 (Soil+Sand+Vermicompost+biocapsules) was the most suitable treatment over all the other treatments in relation to germination and growth parameters.