bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypolipidemic activity of lactic acid bacteria: Adjunct therapy for potential probiotics
Authors: Ali Shima Mahmoud , Salem Fatma E. , Aboulwafa Mohammad M. , Shawky Riham M. 
Published: June 2022

Background
Individuals with hyperlipidemia are two times more likely to develop atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) as opposed to those with controlled serum total cholesterol (TC) levels. Considering the documented adverse events of the current lipid-lowering medications which ultimately affect patient’s compliance, substantial efforts have been made to develop new therapeutic strategies. Probiotics, on the other hand, are reported to have lipid-lowering activity with the added benefit of being generally well-tolerated making it an appealing adjuvant therapy.

Methods
A total of fifty Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from raw milk (human and animal) and dairy products. Isolates demonstrating promising in vitro cholesterol removal capabilities were morphologically and biochemically characterized. Lastly, two bacterial candidates were selected for evaluation of their potential hypolipidemic activity using a laboratory animal model. Statistical differences between the means were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Most of the isolates demonstrated an in vitro cholesterol removal activity. The six LAB isolates showing the highest cholesterol removal activity (36.5–55.6%) were morphologically and biochemically identified as Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, and Lactococcus species. The results demonstrated two promising antihyperlipidemic candidates, a Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis with an in vivo significant reduction of serum triglycerides (TG) levels by 34.3%, and a Pediococcus sp. that was able to significantly reduce both the serum TC and TG levels by 17.3% and 47.0%, respectively, as compared to the diet-induced hyperlipidemic animal group.

Conclusion
This study further supports the growing evidence regarding the antihyperlipidemic activity among probiotics, presenting them as a promising therapeutic approach for the management of hyperlipidemia.
Improving mental health and social participation outcomes in older adults with depression and anxiety: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Chen Jessamine Tsan-Hsiang , Wuthrich Viviana M. , Rapee Ronald M. , Draper Brian , Brodaty Henry , Cutler Henry , Low Lee-Fay , Georgiou Andrew , Johnco Carly , Jones Michael , Meuldijk Denise , Partington Andrew 
Published: June 2022

Background
Increasing both the frequency and quality of social interactions within treatments for anxiety and depressive disorders in older adults may improve their mental health outcomes and quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and cost utility of an enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) plus social participation program in a sample of older adults with depression and/or anxiety.

Methods
A total of 172 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older with an anxiety and/or depressive disorder will be randomly allocated to either an enhanced CBT plus social participation program (n = 86) or standard CBT (n = 86). Both treatments will be delivered during 12 weekly individual sessions utilising structured manuals and workbooks. Participants will be assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 12-month follow-up. The primary outcome evaluates mean change in clinician-rated diagnostic severity of anxiety and depressive disorders from baseline to post-treatment (primary endpoint) based on a semi-structured diagnostic interview. Secondary outcomes evaluate changes in symptomatology on self-report anxiety and depression measures, as well as changes in social/community participation, social network, and perceived social support, loneliness, quality of life, and use of health services. Economic benefits will be evaluated using a cost-utility analysis to derive the incremental cost utility ratios for the enhanced CBT program.

Discussion
Outcomes from this study will provide support for the establishment of improved psychosocial treatment for older adults with anxiety and/or depression. Study outcomes will also provide health systems with a clear means to reduce the impact of poor emotional health in older age and its associated economic burden. In addition to the empirical validation of a novel treatment, the current study will contribute to the current understanding of the role of social participation in older adult wellbeing.

Trial registration
Prospectively registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ID: ACTRN12619000242123; registered 19th February 2019) and the ISRCTN registry (ID: ISRCTN78951376; registered 10th July 2019).
Comparing Predicted Probability of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Cirrhosis With the General Population: An Opportunity to Improve Risk Communication?
Authors: Innes Hamish , Hamill Victoria , McDonald Scott A. , Hayes Peter C. , Johnson Philip , Dillon John F. , Bishop Jen , Yeung Alan , Went April , Barclay Stephen T. , Fraser Andrew , Bathgate Andrew , Goldberg David J. , Hutchinson Sharon J. 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Risk scores estimating a patient's probability of a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis are abundant but are difficult to interpret in isolation. We compared the predicted HCC probability for individuals with cirrhosis and cured hepatitis C with the general population (GP).

METHODS:
All patients with cirrhosis achieving sustained viral response (SVR) in Scotland by April 2018 were included (N = 1,803). The predicted 3-year probability of HCC at time of SVR achievement was determined using the aMAP prognostic model. GP data on the total number of incident HCCs in Scotland, stratified by demographics, were obtained from Public Health Scotland. Predicted HCC risk of cirrhosis SVR patients was compared with GP incidence using 2 metrics: (i) incidence ratio: i.e., 3-year predicted probability for a given patient divided by the 3-year probability in GP for the equivalent demographic group and (ii) absolute risk difference: the 3-year predicted probability minus the 3-year probability in the GP.

RESULTS:
The mean predicted 3-year HCC probability among cirrhosis SVR patients was 3.64% (range: 0.012%–36.12%). Conversely, the 3-year HCC probability in the GP was much lower, ranging from <0.0001% to 0.25% depending on demographics. The mean incidence ratio was 410, ranging from 5 to >10,000. The mean absolute risk difference was 3.61%, ranging from 0.012% to 35.9%. An online HCC-GP comparison calculator for use by patients/clinicians is available at https://thrive-svr.shinyapps.io/RShiny/.

DISCUSSION:
Comparing a patient's predicted HCC probability with the GP is feasible and may help clinicians communicate risk information and encourage screening uptake.
Artificial Intelligence and Device-Assisted Enteroscopy: Automatic Detection of Enteric Protruding Lesions Using a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Cardoso Pedro , Saraiva Miguel Mascarenhas , Afonso João , Ribeiro Tiago , Andrade Patrícia , Ferreira João , Cardoso Hélder , Macedo Guilherme 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Device-assisted enteroscopy (DAE) plays a major role in the investigation and endoscopic treatment of small bowel diseases. Recently, the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to gastroenterology has been the focus of great interest. Our aim was to develop an AI model for the automatic detection of protruding lesions in DAE images.

METHODS:
A deep learning algorithm based on a convolutional neural network was designed. Each frame was evaluated for the presence of enteric protruding lesions. The area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were used to assess the performance of the convolutional neural network.

RESULTS:
A total of 7,925 images from 72 patients were included. Our model had a sensitivity and specificity of 97.0% and 97.4%, respectively. The area under the curve was 1.00.

DISCUSSION:
Our model was able to efficiently detect enteric protruding lesions. The development of AI tools may enhance the diagnostic capacity of deep enteroscopy techniques.
Correction of sagittal imbalance after previous surgical interventions for degenerative lumbar spine disease
Authors: Baikov E. S. , Peleganchuk A. V. , Sanginov A. J. , Leonova O. N. , Krutko A. V. 
Published: June 2022

Objective. To analyze clinical and radiological results of corrective fusion in the lumbar spine in the treatment of patients with sagittal imbalance after previous surgical interventions.Material and Methods. A retrospective monocentric study, clinical case series. The data of 18 patients operated on using a combination of surgical methods with obligatory anterior corrective fusion at the L4–L5 and/or L5–S1 levels to achieve optimal parameters of the sagittal balance disturbed or developed after previous interventions were analyzed. Clinical and radiological parameters were assessed during hospital stay and at least 10 months later.Results. The study presents data from 3 (16.7 %) men and 15 (83.3 %) women with an average age of 57.5 ± 9.1 years. Average length of hospital stay was 26.9 ± 10.1 days. In 7 (38.9 %) cases, the deformity occurred at the previously operated level and in 11 (61.1 %) – at the adjacent one. The duration of surgery was 481.4 ± 101.7 minutes, and blood loss was 1028.9 ± 594.9 ml. Back and leg pain VAS scores decreased in 10–19 months after surgery from 6.4 ± 0.9 and 4.8 ± 1.3 to 3.2 ± 1.2 and 0.9 ± 0.8, respectively (p < 0.001). The ODI score decreased from 59.6 ± 5.9 to 39.9 ± 7.7 (p < 0.001). The ideal Roussouly type was restored in 11 (61.1 %) cases, below ideal – in 3 (16.7 %), and overcorrection – in 4 (22.2 %). LL increased from 48.1 ± 13.6 ° to 56.9 ± 11.6 ° (p < 0.001), and LDI – from 40.1 ± 16.9 to 58.8 ± 10.3 (p <0.001); SVA decreased from 5.1 ± 1.9 to 3.4 ± 2.1 cm (p < 0.001), PT – from 23.9° ± 7.2° to 19.1° ± 3.8° (p < 0.001). According to GAP score, the number of patients with severe and moderate disproportion was reduced (p < 0.001). Perioperative complications were observed in 12 (66.7 %) patients.Conclusion. Multi-stage surgical correction of the residual and aggravated sagittal imbalance with obligatory anterior corrective interbody fusion after instrumental correction of degenerative spinal deformity through the posterior approach significantly improves clinical and radiological parameters and allows restoring a harmonious sagittal profile in 61.1 % of cases.
Reconstruction of Ryukyuan tone classes of Middle Japanese Class 2.4 and 2.5 nouns
Authors: Igarashi Yosuke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIt is generally accepted that of the five tone classes reconstructed for disyllabic nouns in Middle Japanese (MJ), Classes 2.4 and 2.5 exhibit a split correspondence with proto-Ryukyuan (pR) tone Classes B and C. This split correspondence is of tremendous importance for the reconstruction of the proto-Japonic (pJ) tone system, because, in the absence of a conditioning factor accounting for the split, it has led to the reconstruction of additional tone classes at the pJ level. However, of the approximately 100 nouns belonging to these classes, the tone class of only half of them has been reconstructed for pR. Before embarking on the reconstruction of the pJ tone system, we must therefore first reconstruct the pR tone class of the nouns belonging to MJ Classes 2.4 and 2.5. This study provides a reconstruction of the tone classes in pR for 75 cognates using the latest comparative data of Northern and Southern Ryukyuan dialects. The results confirmed the existence of a split correspondence, where Class 2.4 and 2.5 nouns are found to be roughly split in half between pR Classes B and C, demonstrating that it is not a merely sporadic irregularity.
Industrial Revolution Era 4.0: Digital Literacy of Accounting Education Students
Authors: Widayati Ani , Wibawa Eka Ary , Septiana Yolandaru , Johari Razana Juhaida 
Published: June 2022

This study aims to find out the different profile of digital literacy skills of four batches of Accounting Education students in the 4th industrial revolution era. As almost all human works will be replaced by robots and only those who have particular skills will be able to survive, it is essential to examine students’ digital literacy skills. A survey employed quantitative approach was conducted with a sample of 175 of four batches Accounting Education students of Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. The data gathered with questionnaires technique were analysed using descriptive analysis followed with multivariate analysis. The results show that the four batches Accounting Education students have different profile of digital literacy skills in terms of selecting, addressing, and evaluating information. It is suggested for the students to be aware of the changes in digital technology and its contribution to the field of education and consider it as the weapon for them to improve their digital literacy skills.
Protecting Environment through Criminal Sanction Aggravation
Authors: Ali Mahrus , Wahanisa Rofi , Barkhuizen Jaco , Teeraphan Papontee 
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to explores the provision of aggravating criminal sanction that protects environment in environmental legislation. By focusing on the four laws as its primary data source, this study employed doctrinal legal research. The results showed that the weight accorded to criminal sanctions in environmental legislation, has varied. The PPLH Law provides for the amplification of criminal threats directed at corporations by adding 1/3 (one-third) of the criminal sentence. Only companies are subject to the penalty aggravation provisions of the Mining Law, and they are only imposed with one-third of the maximum criminal provision of fines. In the PPPH Law, the imposition of criminal threats weight is simply related to the quantity component. If the culprit is a corporation or official, the criminal sanction aggravation is increased by one-third. In Plantation Law, if the offender is a corporate or a government official, then the criminal punishment is intensified. The environment is protected through acts prohibited by environmental legislation, but the criminal threat weight is not directed toward environmental preservation. Existing penalty aggravations are confined to only two types of criminal penalties: jail and fines, both of which have no direct connection to environmental protection. As a result, weighting criminal sanctions refers to the changing quality and quantity issues in order to safeguard the environment. The transition from criminal sanction to treatment, or from one type of treatment to another, was the focus of quality considerations, while the twofold criminal fine system was the focus of quantity element.
Materials for ultra-efficient, high-speed optoelectronics
Authors: Moody Galan , Islam M. Saif 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHigh-speed optoelectronics is central to many important developments in the communication, computing, sensing, imaging, and autonomous vehicle industries. With a sharp rise of attention on energy efficiency, researchers have proposed and demonstrated innovative materials, high-speed devices, and components integrated on a single platform that exhibit ultralow power consumption and ultrawide bandwidth. Recently reported material growth and device fabrication techniques offer the potential for high-density integration of optoelectronics close to the capability and cost of conventional electronics. A tremendous synergy can be attained by integrating multiple materials with superior properties on the same chip using heterogeneous integration, heteroepitaxy, nano-heteroepitaxy, and other co-packaging strategies within the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) ecosystem. This issue ofMRS Bulletin offers an overview of the field and covers the latest developments on various ultraefficient materials, high-speed devices, their physical properties, current trends, and future directions in optoelectronics and their integration on a silicon platform.Graphical abstract
Changes in Children’s Play During COVID-19 Pandemic: Parents’ Views
Authors: PALA Şengül , COŞGUN Ayşegül Akıncı , YILMAZ Aynur 
Published: June 2022

This study examines parents’ views on the changes in their children’s play at the
beginning of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) process. The study sample consists
of 38 parents, twenty mothers, and eighteen fathers who reside in different city centers
(Trabzon, Istanbul, Bursa, and Ankara) in Turkey and have children between three
and six. The data were collected with “demographic information form” and “open-ended
question form” created by the researchers. Data were collected online via ‘Google Forms.’
Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the data. As a result of the research,
it was found that children’s play differs according to the type of play, play area, material
type, and playing time with parents. The change in the type of play consisted of an increase
in pretend play, an increase in educational plays, an increase in board games, an increase in plays involving art activities, a decrease in play behaviors that requires being
physically active, an increase in building plays, and an increase in science and nature
knowledge plays. The change in material type consisted of an increase in the use of technological
tools. The change in the play area consisted of a decrease in outdoor play and
an increase in indoor play. These results are discussed with the relevant literature. Change
in playing time with parents consisted of increase in playing with mother and increase
in playing with father. These results are discussed within the framework of the relevant
literature.
Giovanni Aldini’nin Yangından Korunmayı Sağlayan İcadının Saraya Takdimi
Authors: DİKER Sevgi Ağca 
Published: June 2022

İnsanlığın ortak sorunu olan yangınla mücadelede 19. yüzyılda önemli bir ilerleme
kaydedilmiştir. Bu ilerleme de İtalyan bilim adamı Giovanni Aldini’nin etkisi büyüktür.
Aldini, amyanttan (asbest) dokunan yanmayan bir kumaş ve bunun yanında yangın
esnasında itfaiyecilerin kullanabilmesi için çeşitli malzemeler icat etmiştir. Bu icadıyla
ilgili üretim ve bilimsel yayınlar yapan Aldini, Avrupa’nın çeşitli merkezlerinde tatbikatlar
yaptırmıştır. Avrupa’da bu gelişmeler yaşanırken Osmanlı Devleti 1826’da Yeniçeri
Ocağı’yla birlikte Tulumbacılar Ocağı’nı da kapatmış ve yangınla mücadele edecek
resmî bir kurum bırakmamıştır. 2 Ağustos 1826’da çıkan Hocapaşa yangınıyla mücadele
edecek bir kurum olmadığından, Bâbıali başta olmak üzere birçok devlet kurumu ciddi
zararlar görmüştür. Giovanni Aldini, Avrupa krallıklarına ve soylularına buluşunu tanıttıktan
sonra Osmanlı padişahına tam da 1826 Hocapaşa yangının ardından yangına karşı
koruyucu buluşlarıyla ilgili başvuruda bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Aldini’nin amyanttan
(asbes) ürettiği yanmayan kumaş ve diğer ürünleri Sultan II. Mahmud’a takdim etmek
için yazdığı mektup ve hazırlattığı Türkçe özet ele alınmıştır. Aldini’nin bu önemli buluşu
hakkında bilgileri Osmanlı devletinin en çok ihtiyacı olan bir zamanda sunmuş olmasına
rağmen, değerlendirilmeme sebepleri de incelenecektir.
Tahirü’l-Mevlevî, Aruz-Kâfiye-Nazım Türleri ve Nazım Şekilleri- Tedrîsât-ı Edebiyyeden Nazm ve Eşkâl-i Nazm, haz. Mehmet Atalay
Authors: BEŞENK Gamze 
Published: June 2022

Kültürümüzün değerli isimlerinden ve velûd yazarlarından olan Tahirü’l
Mevlevî hayatı boyunca sayısız eser kaleme almıştır. Maîşetini sağlamak için
çeşitli memuriyetlerde çalışmakla birlikte öğretmenlik de yapmış ve bu mesleği
aşkla icra etmiştir. İçinden çıkılması zor konuları bile öğrencilerine açık ve anlaşılır
bir anlatımla öğretmeyi başarmıştır. Ona göre “Öğretmek, ilmin zekatı”dır.
Bu yazımızda, asıl adı Mehmet Tahir Olgun olan Tahirü’l Mevlevî’nin Tedrisât-ı
Edebiyyeden Nazm ve Eşkâl-i Nazm adlı eserini tanıtacak ve eserle ilgili değerlendirmelerde
bulunacağız.
Hypoxia-related proteins VEGF A and CA IX and resistance of soft tissue sarcoma cells to chemotherapy: <i>ex vivo</i> pilot study
Authors: Scherbakov A. M. , Fetisov T. I. , Sorokin D. V. , Zinovieva V. Yu. , Moiseeva N. I. , Laletina L. A. , Kirilin E. M. , Manikaylo A. E. , Fomina L. Ya. , Mekheda L. V. , Bokhyan B. Yu. , Lesovaya E. A. , Trukhanova L. S. , Gor’kova T. G. , Antoshina E. E. , Morozova O. V. , Kirsanov K. I. , Yakubovskaya M. G. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The identification of predictive factors is a cornerstone task of modern oncology. The development of new targeted drugs determines the need for prediction of chemosensitivity of each patient to the prescribed therapy, in this regard, the search for biomarkers of predictive response to therapy is actively conducted.The study objective to investigate the relationship between tumor cell resistance and the expression levels of CA IX (carbonic anhydrase IX) and VEGF A (vascular endothelial growth factor А) in patient-derived cultures of soft tissue sarcomas.Materials and methods: ex vivo soft tissue sarcoma cell culture, resazurin test, immunoblotting.Results. We obtained 46 ex vivo samples of soft tissue sarcoma cultures for which chemosensitivity to doxorubicin, ifosfamide, docetaxel, gemcitabine, and their combinations was assessed by the resazurin cytotoxicity test. We analyzed the relationship between the expression of hypoxic proteins VEGF A and CA IX and the resistance to drugs. A correlation between the CA IX expression in hypoxia and cell resistance to ifosfamide and its combination with doxorubicin was found. Soft tissue sarcomas with high VEGF A index were resistant to doxorubicin, docetaxel, and its combination with gemcitabine (p <0.05).Conclusion. The data obtained on patient-derived cultures indicate the relationship between hypoxic signaling and resistance of soft tissue sarcomas to chemotherapeutics.