bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Corporate Income Tax on Investment in Japan
Authors: Andriati Reny , Aan Andriatno 
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyse and examine the effect of corporate income tax on the investment in Japan from 1987 to 2016. It is an associative-causal research. The secondary data are taken form International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files using World Bank. The hypotheses were tested by using the multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this research showed that, simultaneously, corporate income tax rate and interest rate have highly significant effect on investment. After the research is conducted and it was analysed with partial test, corporate income tax rate negatively affects investment in Japan. It is highly recommended that Japan government should reduce the corporate income tax on companies so that there will be more investment in Japan.
JEL Classification: E22, H32
direito de resistência e o tiranicídio no calvinismo
Authors: Morais Gerson Leite de 
Published: April 2022

O presente trabalho tem a finalidade de analisar os desdobramentos e a radicalização da Reforma Protestante no contexto das chamadas guerras de religião, especialmente no ambiente francês. O episódio conhecido como Noite de São Bartolomeu acirrou ainda mais os ânimos entre protestantes e católicos e, neste contexto, entre os calvinistas aparecem vários defensores do direito de resistência ao Magistrado e a possibilidade da prática do tiranicídio. Três obras são destacadas e analisadas neste trabalho. Estas obras podem ser definidas como verdadeiros tratados que remontam à história geral da teoria da resistência. Esses tratados são: Francogallia, de François Hotman (jurista, historiador e teólogo), Du droit des magistrats, de Théodore de Bèze (teólogo e sucessor de Calvino em Genebra), e Vindiciae contra tyrannos, atribuído mais comumente a Philippe du Plessis-Mornay. A partir de uma análise filosófica e política, percebe-se que os tratados mencionados, podem ser definidos como verdadeiros pilares, mesmo que ainda de maneira incipiente, de uma nova ordem política. Constata-se também que os tratados possuem uma fonte comum, que é o pensamento polissêmico de João Calvino. Vale ressaltar que este é visto por alguns como um fundamentador de teorias democráticas de governo, bem como é visto por outros, como um tirano inescrupuloso que agia com mão de ferro em Genebra. De qualquer forma, não há dúvida de que a possibilidade de resistência ao Magistrado e a noção contratualista do governo são inovações importantes para o cenário político europeu dos séculos XVI e XVII. Também não há dúvida de que esses ativistas, chamados monarcômacos, pautaram o debate da construção das relações políticas no início da modernidade. O caso francês é só um exemplo de como o pensamento de Calvino, e dos calvinistas, floresceu na Europa e depois na América. O puritanismo inglês e o pensamento republicano norte-americano são bons exemplos da força do pensamento calvinista no mundo ocidental.
New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: Results From the American Heart Association COVID-19 Cardiovascular Registry
Authors: Rosenblatt Anna G. , Ayers Colby R. , Rao Anjali , Howell Stacey J. , Hendren Nicholas S. , Zadikany Ronit H. , Ebinger Joseph E. , Daniels James D. , Link Mark S. , de Lemos James A. , Das Sandeep R. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
New-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 has been reported and associated with poor clinical outcomes. We aimed to understand the incidence of and outcomes associated with new-onset AF in a diverse and representative US cohort of patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Methods:
We used data from the American Heart Association COVID-19 Cardiovascular Disease Registry. Patients were stratified by the presence versus absence of new-onset AF. The primary and secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiogenic shock, and heart failure). The association of new-onset AF and the primary and secondary outcomes was evaluated using Cox proportional-hazards models for the primary time to event analyses.

Results:
Of the first 30 999 patients from 120 institutions across the United States hospitalized with COVID-19, 27 851 had no history of AF. One thousand five hundred seventeen (5.4%) developed new-onset AF during their index hospitalization. New-onset AF was associated with higher rates of death (45.2% versus 11.9%) and MACE (23.8% versus 6.5%). The unadjusted hazard ratio for mortality was 1.99 (95% CI, 1.81–2.18) and for MACE was 2.23 (95% CI, 1.98–2.53) for patients with versus without new-onset AF. After adjusting for demographics, clinical comorbidities, and severity of disease, the associations with death (hazard ratio, 1.10 [95% CI, 0.99–1.23]) fully attenuated and MACE (hazard ratio, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.14–1.50]) partially attenuated.

Conclusions:
New-onset AF was common (5.4%) among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Almost half of patients with new-onset AF died during their index hospitalization. After multivariable adjustment for comorbidities and disease severity, new-onset AF was not statistically significantly associated with death, suggesting that new-onset AF in these patients may primarily be a marker of other adverse clinical factors rather than an independent driver of mortality. Causality between the MACE composites and AF needs to be further evaluated.
Relationship Between Image Quality and Bias in 3D Echocardiographic Measures: Data From the SABRE (Southall and Brent Revisited) Study
Authors: Al Saikhan Lamia , Park Chloe , Tillin Therese , Lloyd Guy , Mayet Jamil , Chaturvedi Nish , Hughes Alun D. 
Published: April 2022

Background
Image‐quality (IQ) compromises left ventricle assessment by 3‐dimensional echocardiography (3DE). Sicker/frailer patients often have suboptimal IQ, and therefore observed associations may be biased by IQ. We investigated its effect in an observational study of older people and when IQ was modified experimentally in healthy volunteers.

Methods and Results

3DE feasibility by IQ was assessed in 1294 individuals who attended the second wave of the Southall and Brent Revisited study and was compared with 2‐dimensional (2D)‐echocardiography feasibility in 147 individuals. Upon successful analysis, means of ejection fraction (3D‐EF) and global longitudinal strain (3D‐GLS) (plus 2D‐EF) were compared in individuals with poor versus good IQ. In 2 studies of healthy participants, 3DE‐IQ was impaired by (1) intentionally poor echocardiographic technique, and (2) use of a sheet of ultrasound‐attenuating material (neoprene rubber; 2–4 mm). The feasibility was 41% (529/1294) for 3DE versus 61% (89/147) for 2D‐EF,
P
<0.0001. Among acceptable images (n=529), good IQ by the 2015 American Society of Echocardiography/European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging criteria was 33.6% (178/529) and 71.3% (377/529) for 3D‐EF and 3D‐GLS, respectively. Individuals with poor IQ had lower 3D‐EF and 3D‐GLS (absolute) than those with good IQ (3D‐EF: 52.8±6.0% versus 55.7±5.7%, Mean‐Δ −2.9 [−3.9, 1.8]; 3D‐GLS: 18.6±3.2% versus 19.2±2.9%, Mean‐Δ −0.6 [−1.1, 0.0]). In 2 experimental models of poor IQ (n=36 for both), mean differences were (−2.6 to −3.2) for 3D‐EF and (−1.2 to −2.0) for 3D‐GLS. Similar findings were found for other 3DE left ventricle volumes and strain parameters.

Conclusions
3DE parameters have low feasibility and values are systematically lower in individuals with poor IQ. Although 3D‐EF and 3D‐GLS have potential advantages over conventional echocardiography, further technical improvements are required to improve the utility of 3DE in clinical practice.
A Philosophy of Cover Songs
Authors: Magnus P.D. 
Published: April 2022

Cover songs are a familiar feature of contemporary popular music. Musicians describe their own performances as covers, and audiences use the category to organize their listening and appreciation. However, until now philosophers have not had much to say about them. In A Philosophy of Cover Songs, P.D. Magnus demonstrates that philosophy provides a valuable toolbox for thinking about covers; in turn, the philosophy of cover songs illustrates some general points about philosophical method.
Lucidly written, the book is divided into three parts: how to think about covers, appreciating covers, and the metaphysics of covers and songs. Along the way, it explores a range of issues raised by covers, from the question of what precisely constitutes a cover, to the history and taxonomy of the category, the various relationships that hold between songs, performances, and tracks, and the appreciation and evaluation of covers.
This unique and engaging book will be of interest to those working in philosophy of art, philosophy of music, popular music studies, music history, and musicology, as well as to readers with a general interest in popular music, covers, and how we think about them.
Changes in the Length of the Season with Favorable Environmental Conditions for Tropical Cyclones in the North Atlantic Basin during the Last 40 Years
Authors: Wu Yanjie , Korty Robert L. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Analyses of two high-resolution reanalysis products show that high values of hurricane potential intensity (PI) are becoming more frequent and covering a larger area of the Atlantic, which is consistent with the lengthening of the tropical cyclone season previously reported. These changes are especially pronounced during the early months of the storm season (May–July) in subtropical latitudes. The western subtropical Atlantic features increases in mean PI as well as the areal coverage and frequency of high PI throughout the storm season; the length of the season with high PI has grown since 1980. The number of days with low vertical wind shear increases in the tropical North Atlantic during the early and middle months of the storm season, but trends are mixed and generally insignificant elsewhere. A thermodynamic parameter measuring the ratio of midlevel entropy deficits to the strength of surface fluxes that work to eliminate them is sensitive to the choice of the pressure level(s) used to calculate its value in the boundary layer, as well as to subtle differences in temperature and humidity values near the surface in different reanalysis datasets, leading to divergent results in metrics like the ventilation index that depend on its value. Projections from a high-resolution simulation of the remainder of the twenty-first century show that the number of days with high PI is likely to continue increasing in the North Atlantic basin, with trends especially strong in the western subtropical Atlantic during the early and late months of the season.
Automatic velocity measurement system applied to elevator overspeed governors
Authors: Tomé Marco , Beirão Pedro , Roseiro Luis , Santos Frederico 
Published: April 2022

All around the world, modern elevators transport safely and comfortably millions of passengers and freight each day. Since modern elevators emerged at the beginning of the 19th century, several advances have risen in this transportation system. Among them, safety conditions were significantly improved. Therefore, modern elevators must be equipped with safety protection systems to assure safety conditions and avoid accidents. An overspeed governor is one of the components of such a safety system. It acts as a stopping mechanism when the elevator car reaches an excessive velocity, known as tripping speed. When the tripping speed is reached, the overspeed governor is mechanically locked and halts the rope, thus stopping the elevator car. This paper describes the development of a new measuring system able to measure the trigger velocity of an overspeed governor with the help of a graphical interface available on a mobile electronic device (smartphone or tablet). Practical application: A new overspeed governor velocity measuring system uses a mobile electronic device for non-contact velocity measurement. This new process may replace the inaccurate measuring system currently employed by maintenance technicians, thus increasing its reliability. The main objective consists of rigorously testing the operation of overspeed governors. The developed system guarantees the automatic execution of the test under several anomalous operating situations, thus allowing the user to have real-time access to the test data obtained through a graphical interface available on a mobile electronic device.
Occupational therapy interventions for adult informal carers and implications for intervention design, delivery and evaluation: A systematic review
Authors: Micklewright Kerry , Farquhar Morag 
Published: April 2022

Introduction Informal carers provide vital support for patients, reducing strain on health and social care services. However, caring can detrimentally affect carers’ health and wellbeing, thus policy advocates for improved carer support. Objective: to establish the published international evidence base regarding interventions for carers delivered by occupational therapists. Method English language studies published January 2010–January 2021 were identified against predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria via searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, OTSeeker, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. Supplemental strategies: database alerts, hand-searching, searching of included papers’ reference lists and citations, and contacting key authors. Two reviewers completed critical appraisal and produced a textual narrative synthesis of data using a convergent integrated method. Results 38 papers were included, reporting 21 interventions. Most were dyadic, home-based interventions for carers of people living with dementia. Common intervention components included: assessment and goal-setting, skill training, education, coping strategies, equipment provision, environmental adaptation and signposting. Interventions improved outcomes for carers, however, intervention design and evaluation require careful consideration to maximise carer benefits and capture intervention effects. Conclusion Occupational therapist delivered carer interventions enhance support and improve carer outcomes. Intervention and evaluation designs should include careful selection of outcome measures, avoidance of increased carer burden in dyadic interventions and acknowledgement of known barriers and facilitators to both carer and therapist intervention engagement.
Young peoples’ lived experiences of multidisciplinary mental health assessment in an intensive day program
Authors: Aitchison Kate A , McFerran Katrina S 
Published: April 2022

Objective We aimed to explore young peoples’ lived experiences of multidisciplinary mental health assessment in an intensive mental health day program. Method Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was applied to data from semi-structured interviews with six males, aged 13–16 years. Member-checking interviews were conducted to ensure the trustworthiness of findings. Results Analysis revealed three themes, ‘therapy fatigue’, ‘360 supports’ and ‘experiential assessment’. Participants had either attended many years of psychological therapy without significant change or had failed to engage with therapy. Participants’ attitudes changed at the day program with intensive support and their own determination. Participants valued experiential elements of assessment such as music therapy and art therapy which helped them understand the service, get to know others and experience positive emotions. Conclusions Unsuccessful psychological treatment can leave young people feeling jaded and reluctant to engage with services. The potential for iatrogenic harm should be monitored and alternative approaches, such as intensive, multidisciplinary treatment including music therapy and art therapy considered to help young people overcome therapy fatigue, regain hope and reengage with mental health services.
Proximal Processes and Problem Solving: Gamers vs. Students
Authors: Jacques Lorraine A. 
Published: April 2022

Background Problem-solving and collaboration occur frequently in serious games. They are also considered necessary skills for students to learn, so many engineering and computer science programs design assignments with them in mind. Understanding the similarities and differences between each scenario would strengthen problem-solving interventions aimed at students. Aim This qualitative study examined how engineering and computer science undergraduates (students) and players of Magic: The Gathering (gamers) identified a problem as being complex, used the inquiry cycle for problem-solving, and engaged in proximal processes. Method Undergraduates in engineering or computer science and players of Magic: The Gathering’s Elder Dragon Highlander format completed an online questionnaire where they described how they solved a complex problem and how they engaged with others (or why they chose not to engage with others) during each part of the process. Responses were grouped by role (gamer or student) and by gender then coded to identify where each was alike and where they differed. Results Gamers and students engaged in the problem-solving process differently, with gamers using more of the inquiry cycle than students did. Proximal processes, however, were used differently based on both group and gender, with female gamers engaging in them most often and female engineers least often.
Palliative Sedation at Home: A Scoping Review
Authors: Garcia Ana Cláudia M. , Isidoro Geovanna M. , Paiva Eliza Mara D. C. , Silva Alexandre E. , Costa Isabelle C. P. , Bornemann-Cimenti Helmar 
Published: April 2022

Palliative Sedation (PS) is an effective measure for the relief of refractory symptoms in end-of-life patients. This intervention can be performed at home, respecting the patients' and their families' decisions. A scoping review was performed to map the available evidence in the literature on the performance of PS at home. This review included 23 studies. Most were conducted in European countries with adult cancer patients. Patients, family members and healthcare providers participated in the decision making regarding the use of PS at home. PS was used primarily to manage refractory symptoms (pain, delirium, dyspnea, and others), and in 1 of the studies PS was mentioned as a possible intervention for shortening life. The most commonly used medication was midazolam and the average duration ranged from 4 h to 7 days. There are few reports on adverse events related to PS. This intervention seems to be a feasible possibility for the management of refractory symptoms in patients at the end of life, despite the fact that it can represent specific challenges for healthcare providers, patients and families. However, the literature is limited regarding PS in children and in people with diseases other than cancer, as well as on the evaluation of possible adverse effects related to this intervention. Furthermore, it is essential to have a broad ethical, clinical and legal debate on whether to consider the use of PS for the purpose of shortening life in specific cases.
Examining organization and provider challenges with the adoption of virtual domestic violence and sexual assault interventions in Alberta, Canada, during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Montesanti Stephanie , Ghidei Winta , Silverstone Peter , Wells Lana , Squires Suzanne , Bailey Allan 
Published: April 2022

Objectives In Canada, calls to domestic violence and sexual assault hotlines increased during the COVID-19 pandemic as stricter public health restrictions took effect in parts of the country. Moreover, the public health measures introduced to limit the transmission of COVID-19 saw many health providers abruptly pivot to providing services virtually, with little to no opportunity to plan for this switch. We carried out a qualitative research study to understand the resulting challenges experienced by providers of domestic violence and sexual assault support services. Methods Twenty-four semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather in-depth information from service providers and organizational leaders in the Canadian province of Alberta about the challenges they experienced adopting virtual and remote-based domestic violence and sexual assault interventions during the COVID-19 outbreak. Interview transcripts and field notes were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Results Our findings highlighted multiple challenges organizations, service providers and clients experienced. These included: (1) systemic (macro-level) challenges pertaining to policies, legislation and funding availability, (2) organization and provider (meso-level) challenges related to adapting services and programmes online or for remote delivery and (3) provider perceptions of client (micro-level) challenges related to accessing virtual interventions. Conclusions Equity-focused policy and intersectional and systemic action are needed to enhance delivery and access to virtual interventions and services for domestic violence and sexual assault clients.
Piloting attachment psychoeducation provided to parents of children with severe disabilities: Testing the feasibility of a digital micro-intervention
Authors: Vandesande Sien , Bosmans Guy , Sterkenburg Paula , Schuengel Carlo , Maes Bea 
Published: April 2022

Background A digital micro-intervention offering attachment psychoeducational videos was explored regarding its feasibility in parents of children with severe disabilities. Method: A mixed-methods study (including daily diaries and one-time questionnaires) with 16 parents (75.0% female) of children with severe disabilities (up to 10 years of age) was done during a three-week intervention. Results: Parents were positive about the video series and almost no drop-out occurred. The videos stimulated their learning and thinking and offered parents some personal meaning. Preliminary efficacy tests showed no major changes in parents’ parenting self-efficacy (PSE) or perceptions of statements on parent–child attachment. Conclusions: The study showed promising results regarding the micro-interventions’ acceptability and implementation. The limited efficacy testing did not show major changes in parents’ PSE. Further research is needed to investigate the differential relevance of the micro-intervention, based on parents’ needs, as well as its optimal embeddedness in a broader intervention trajectory.