bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Amplified Spontaneous Emission from All‐Inorganic Perovskite Thin Films by Composition Engineering
Authors: Mao Yulin , Liang Chao , Wang Gang , Wang Yueyang , Zhang Zhipeng , Wang Bingzhe , Wen Zhaorui , Mu Zhen , Sun Guoxing , Chen Shi , Xing Guichuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAll‐inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite thin films are regarded as promising gain media to realize electrically pumped green laser diodes due to their good stability. However, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) of CsPbBr3 perovskite thin films suffers from a relatively high threshold due to their high defect density and large scattering loss. This work demonstrates high‐quality CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5 and CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 thin films using a vapor deposition method. Through rational design and modification on the compositions of thin films, it is found that the existence of CsPb2Br5 or Cs4PbBr6 phase in CsPbBr3 can dramatically improve photoluminescence and lengthen carrier lifetime. The mixed phase films show good crystalline quality with lower trap density and enhanced spatial confinement. As a result, the ASE threshold of CsPbBr3 perovskite thin film is reduced from 12.0 ± 0.2 to 10.1 ± 0.3 µJ cm−2 (with CsPb2Br5) and 10.2 ± 0.2 µJ cm−2 (with Cs4PbBr6). Furthermore, the optical gain is increased from 10.4 ± 0.5 to 21.6 ± 0.9 cm−1 (19.5 ± 0.8 cm−1) with the participation of CsPb2Br5 (Cs4PbBr6) phase. The findings provide an effective approach to lower the threshold of CsPbBr3 lasers and shed light on the potential of stable electrically pumped perovskite lasers.
Highly Thermally Conductive Adhesion Elastomer Enhanced by Vertically Aligned Folded Graphene
Authors: Yu Huitao , Feng Yiyu , Chen Can , Zhang Heng , Peng Lianqiang , Qin Mengmeng , Feng Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHeat and stress transfer at an interface are crucial for the contact‐based tactile sensing to measure the temperature, morphology, and modulus. However, fabricating a smart sensing material that combines high thermal conductivity, elasticity, and good adhesion is challenging. In this study, a composite is fabricated using a directional template of vertically aligned folded graphene (VAFG) and a copolymer matrix of poly‐2‐[[(butylamino)carbonyl]oxy]ethyl ester and polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl‐end‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane (poly(PBAx‐ran‐PDMS)). With optimized chemical cross‐linking and supermolecular interactions, the poly(PBA‐ran‐PDMS)/VAFG exhibits high thermal conductivity (15.49 W m−1 K−1), an high elastic deformation, and an interfacial adhesion of up to 6500 N m−1. Poly(PBA‐ran‐PDMS)/VAFG is highly sensitive to temperature and pressure and demonstrates a self‐learning capacity for manipulator applications. The smart manipulator can distinguish and selectively capture unknown materials in the dark. Thermally conductive, elastic, and adhesive poly(PBA‐ran‐PDMS)/VAFG can be developed into core materials in intelligent soft robots.
Plasma‐Assisted Reforming of Methane
Authors: Feng Jiayu , Sun Xin , Li Zhao , Hao Xingguang , Fan Maohong , Ning Ping , Li Kai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMethane (CH4) is inexpensive, high in heating value, relatively low in carbon footprint compared to coal, and thus a promising energy resource. However, the locations of natural gas production sites are typically far from industrial areas. Therefore, transportation is needed, which could considerably increase the sale price of natural gas. Thus, the development of distributed, clean, affordable processes for the efficient conversion of CH4 has increasingly attracted people's attention. Among them are plasma technology with the advantages of mild operating conditions, low space need, and quick generation of energetic and chemically active species, which allows the reaction to occur far from the thermodynamic equilibrium and at a reasonable cost. Significant progress in plasma‐assisted reforming of methane (PARM) is achieved and reviewed in this paper from the perspectives of reactor development, thermal and nonthermal PARM routes, and catalysis. The factors affecting the conversion of reactants and the selectivity of products are studied. The findings from the past works and the insight into the existing challenges in this work should benefit the further development of reactors, high‐performance catalysts, and PARM routes.
Laser Manufactured Nano‐MXenes with Tailored Halogen Terminations Enable Interfacial Ionic Stabilization of High Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Guo Pengfei , Liu Chen , Li Xinliang , Chen Zhiguo , Zhu Hongfu , Zhu Liguo , Zhang Xiuhai , Zhao Wenhao , Jia Ning , Ye Qian , Xu Xiaosa , Chen Ruihao , Liu Zhe , Fan Xiaoli , Zhi Chunyi , Wang Hongqiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFormamidinium (FA)‐based perovskite promises high power conversion efficiency in photovoltaics while it faces awkward spontaneous yellow phase transition even at ambient conditions. This has spurred intensive efforts which leave a formidable challenge on robust anchoring of the soft perovskite lattice. Present work pioneers the rational design of interfacial ionic‐bonding between halogen‐terminated nano‐MXenes and perovskite for effective retarding of the lattice instability in FA‐based perovskites. The robust heterointerface between perovskite and nano‐MXenes results also in effectively modulating the deep‐energy‐level defects, lowering the interfacial charge transfer barrier, and tuning the work function of perovskite films. Benefiting from these merits, unencapsulated FA‐based perovskite solar cells after the ionic stabilization (champion efficiency up to 24.17%), maintain over 90% of their initial efficiency after operation at maximum power point under continuous illumination for 1000 h, and retain more than 85% of their initial efficiency even after annealing for 1000 h at 85 °C in inert atmosphere.
Investigation of Water Splitting Reaction by a Multicopper Oxidase through X‐ray Absorption Nanospectroelectrochemistry
Authors: Sedenho Graziela C. , Neckel Itamar T. , Colombo Rafael N. P. , Pacheco Jéssica C. , Bertaglia Thiago , Crespilho Frank N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study introduces an experimental setup based on X‐ray absorption nanospectroelectrochemisty (XA‐NSEC) to investigate the water oxidation reaction (WOR) in a copper‐containing oxidoreductase enzyme. A 3 GeV fourth‐generation synchrotron light source with a high optical demagnification and an X‐ray beam with nanometer‐scale dimensions is used. This technique is particularly beneficial in bioelectrocatalysis as spatial heterogeneities are usually present in enzyme‐modified electrodes. Through XA‐NSEC, the WOR catalyzed by a bilirubin oxidase is investigated as a fortuitous side reaction, demonstrating an inverse proton dependence relative to the native catalytic activity in addition to its main reaction. This approach enables the in situ detection of a high‐valent copper character of the enzyme active site during the water oxidation bioelectrocatalysis and obtention of thermodynamic parameters. The results allow the understanding of the WOR bioelectrocatalytic mechanism and might promote the subsequent development of bioinspired catalysts, while also providing tools to engineer mutant multicopper oxidases with higher performance toward WOR.
The role of dietary calcium in the etiology of childhood rickets in the past and the present
Authors: Vlok Melandri , Snoddy Anne Marie E. , Ramesh Niranjan , Wheeler Benjamin J. , Standen Vivien G. , Arriaza Bernardo T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor more than two centuries, lack of sunlight has been understood to cause vitamin D deficiency and documented as a primary cause of rickets. As such, evidence of rickets in the archeological record has been used as a proxy for vitamin D status in past individuals and populations. In the last decade, a clinical global consensus has emerged wherein it is recognized that dietary calcium deficiency also plays a role in the manifestation of rickets and classic skeletal deformities may not form if dietary calcium is normal even if vitamin D is deficient. This disease is now clinically called “nutritional rickets” to reflect the fact that rickets can take calcium deficiency‐predominant or vitamin D deficiency‐predominant forms. However, there are currently no paleopathological studies wherein dietary calcium deficiency is critically considered a primary etiology of the disease. We review here the interplay of calcium, vitamin D, and phosphorous in bone homeostasis, examine the role of dietary calcium in human health, and critically explore the clinical literature on calcium deficiency‐predominant rickets. Finally, we report a case of rickets from the late Formative Period (~2500–1500 years ago) of the Atacama Desert and argue the disease in this infant is likely an example of calcium deficiency‐predominant rickets. We conclude that most archeological cases of rickets are the result of multiple micronutrient deficiencies that compound to manifest in macroscopic skeletal lesions. For clinicians, these factors are important for implementing best treatment practice, and for paleopathologists they are necessary for appropriate interpretation of health in past communities.
Metabolomic and lipidomic signatures in autosomal dominant and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease brains
Authors: Novotny Brenna C. , Fernandez Maria Victoria , Wang Ciyang , Budde John P. , Bergmann Kristy , Eteleeb Abdallah M. , Bradley Joseph , Webster Carol , Ebl Curtis , Norton Joanne , Gentsch Jen , Dube Umber , Wang Fengxian , Morris John C. , Bateman Randall J. , Perrin Richard J. , McDade Eric , Xiong Chengjie , Chhatwal Jasmeer ,   for the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN) Study Group,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,   and the Alzheimer's Disease Metabolomics Consortium (ADMC), Goate Alison , Farlow Martin , Schofield Peter , Chui Helena , Karch Celeste M. , Cruchaga Carlos , Benitez Bruno A. , Harari Oscar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe identification of multiple genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggests that many pathways contribute to AD onset and progression. However, the metabolomic and lipidomic profiles in carriers of distinct genetic risk factors are not fully understood. The metabolome can provide a direct image of dysregulated pathways in the brain.MethodsWe interrogated metabolomic signatures in the AD brain, including carriers of pathogenic variants in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 (autosomal dominant AD; ADAD), APOE ɛ4, and TREM2 risk variant carriers, and sporadic AD (sAD).ResultsWe identified 133 unique and shared metabolites associated with ADAD, TREM2, and sAD. We identified a signature of 16 metabolites significantly altered between groups and associated with AD duration.DiscussionAD genetic variants show distinct metabolic perturbations. Investigation of these metabolites may provide greater insight into the etiology of AD and its impact on clinical presentation.HIGHLIGHTS
APP/PSEN1/PSEN2 and TREM2 variant carriers show distinct metabolic changes.

A total of 133 metabolites were differentially abundant in AD genetic groups.

β‐citrylglutamate is differentially abundant in autosomal dominant, TREM2, and sporadic AD.

A 16‐metabolite profile shows differences between Alzheimer's disease (AD) genetic groups.

The identified metabolic profile is associated with duration of disease.
Precision evaluation of nitrogen isotope ratios by Raman spectrometry
Authors: Yamamoto Junji , Hagiwara Yuuki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe measured Raman spectra of N2 fluids obtained at 0.1–25 MPa at room temperature. The 14N15N peak in the Raman spectrum of a low‐pressure N2 fluid is difficult to detect because of the prevalence of a group of peaks attributed to rotational vibration of 14N2. The Raman peaks of 14N15N and 14N2 of N2 fluid at 25 MPa were acquired at various exposure times. The mean values and standard deviations of the peak height ratios and peak area ones of 14N15N and 14N2 were examined for each time. The standard deviations of the peak height ratios and peak area ones were 2.2% and 1.9%, respectively, for 20 spectra acquired with peak height of 1 million counts of 14N2. The uncertainties are about two times higher than those predicted from the noise of a CCD. Improvement of the pixel resolution can enhance the precision of the nitrogen isotope ratios by Raman spectroscopy.
Self‐assembled neutral and ionic [2 + 2] metallomacrocycles using a new flexible ditopic Pt(II)‐based organometallic tecton bearing a pyrimidine motif: Facile syntheses and enhanced anticancer potency
Authors: Chakraborty Arnab , Pandey Shambhavi , Pandey Rishabh Kumar , Singh Khushwant , Kumar Saurabh , Kumar Santosh , Rao T. Rajagopala , Das Neeladri 
Published: October 2022

A new di‐platinum(II) organometallic compound (3) has been synthesized from a readily available pyrimidine derivative in two steps. 3 is a conformationally flexible molecule due to the presence of ethereal linkages. The application of 3 as an acceptor tecton in supramolecular chemistry was explored using coordination‐driven self‐assembly protocol. Thus, three neutral (M1–M3) and two ionic (M4 and M5) metallomacrocycles were obtained in high yields, the structures of which included biologically active pyrimidine and π‐conjugated trans‐Pt(II)‐alkynyl motifs. Formation of these five flexible [2 + 2] ensembles (M1–M5) was confirmed using FT‐IR and NMR spectroscopy (1H, 31P{1H}, 13C{1H}, and 1H DOSY) as well as HRMS experiments. DFT calculations suggest that the macrocycles have nano‐scalar dimensions with well‐defined cavities. Cytotoxicity of 3 and macrocycles (M1–M5) were estimated against A549 human lung cancer cell line. Results indicate improvement in cytotoxicity upon self‐assembly of 3 with neutral and ionic donor tectons to yield, respectively ionic and neutral macrocycles (M1–M5). Although the organometallic molecule 3 is almost seven times more potent than cisplatin, the antiproliferative potencies of the macrocycles (M1–M5) are up to 17 times better than cisplatin. Annexin V‐FITC assay studies show that post‐treatment with the organometallic 3, or the macrocycles (M1–M5), the A549 cancer cells are present in the early apoptosis stage.
Structure‐guided identification of a selective sulfonamide‐based inhibitor targeting the human carbonic anhydrase VA isoform
Authors: De Luca Laura , Angeli Andrea , Ricci Federico , Supuran Claudiu T. , Gitto Rosaria 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn recent years, multistep hybrid computational protocols have attracted attention for their application in the drug discovery of enzyme inhibitors. So far, there are large collections of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitors, but only a few of them selectively inhibit the mitochondrial isoforms hCA VA and VB as potential therapeutics in obesity treatment. Most sulfonamide‐based inhibitors show poor selectivity for inhibiting isoforms of therapeutic interest over ubiquitous hCA I and hCA II. Herein, we propose a combination of ligand‐ and structure‐based approaches to generate pharmacophore models for hCA VA inhibitors. Then, we performed a virtual screening (VS) campaign on a database of commercially available sulfonamides. Finally, the in silico screening followed by docking studies suggested several “hit compounds” that demonstrated to inhibit hCA VA at a low nanomolar concentration in a stopped‐flow CO2 hydrase assay. Notably, the best candidate, 2‐(3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐quinolin‐1‐yl)‐N‐(4‐sulfamoylphenyl)acetamide (code name VAME‐28) proved to be a potent hCA VA inhibitor (Ki value of 54.8 nM) and a more selective agent over hCA II when compared to the reference compound topiramate.
Platelet LGALS3BP as a Mediator of Myeloid Inflammation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: El Bannoudi Hanane , Cornwell MacIntosh , Luttrell‐Williams Elliot , Engel Alexis , Rolling Christina , Barrett Tessa J. , Izmirly Peter , Belmont H. Michael , Ruggles Kelly , Clancy Robert , Buyon Jill , Berger Jeffrey S. 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivePlatelets are mediators of inflammation with immune effector cell properties and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study investigated the role of platelet‐associated lectin, galactoside‐binding, soluble 3 binding protein (LGALS3BP) as a mediator of inflammation in SLE and as a potential biomarker associated with clinical phenotypes.MethodsWe performed RNA sequencing on platelets from patients with SLE (n = 54) and on platelets from age‐, sex‐, and race/ethnicity‐matched healthy controls (n = 18) and measured LGALS3BP levels in platelet releasate and in circulating serum. We investigated the association between LGALS3BP levels and the prevalence, disease severity, and clinical phenotypes of SLE and studied platelet‐mediated effects on myeloid inflammation.ResultsPlatelets from patients with SLE exhibited increased expression of LGALS3BP (fold change 4.0, adjusted P = 6.02 × 10−11). Platelet‐released LGALS3BP levels were highly correlated with circulating LGALS3BP (R = 0.69, P < 0.0001), and circulating LGALS3BP levels were correlated with the severity of disease according to the SLE Disease Activity Index (r = 0.32, P = 0.0006). Specifically, circulating LGALS3BP levels were higher in SLE patients with lupus nephritis than in patients with inactive disease (4.0 μg/ml versus 2.3 μg/ml; P < 0.001). Interferon‐α induced LGALS3BP transcription and translation in a megakaryoblastic cell line (MEG‐01) in a dose‐dependent manner. Recombinant LGALS3BP and platelet releasates from SLE patients enhanced proinflammatory cytokine production by macrophages.ConclusionsOur results support that platelets act as potent effector cells that contribute to the pathogenesis of SLE by secreting proinflammatory LGALS3BP, which also represents a novel biomarker of SLE clinical activity.
Optimization of two‐dimensional warranty policy for repairable products based on age and usage, applicable to lemon law conditions
Authors: Park Minjae , Iskandar Bermawi P. , Park Dong Ho 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a new two‐dimensional warranty policy based on two factors—age and usage—that simultaneously incorporates both the warranty period and the refund period for a repairable product with an increasing failure rate. In this policy, the product is warranted by taking into account both its age and usage, and the warranty expires when the product reaches a specified age or a specified usage, whichever comes first. One unique framework of the policy presented in this work is that, under a specific type of lemon law, it defines a refund period during which the manufacturer must either replace the purchased product or offer a full or partial refund to the buyer if the product fails in such a way that meets certain conditions involving either the number of failures or the length of each repair time. The refund period is generally assumed to be shorter than the warranty period, and each failure that occurs after the refund period is only minimally repaired until the termination of the warranty. In this article, we consider both age and usage in warranting a product and we define an age‐based univariate warranty period based on the usage rate. Under a specified cost structure, we evaluate the expected total warranty cost during the age‐based warranty period and determine an optimal age‐based warranty period from the manufacturer's perspective. We also suggest a heuristic method that can be used to obtain an optimal warranty premium for the two‐dimensional warranty policy considered in this study. Finally, relevant numerical examples are provided to analyze the proposed warranty policy.
Optical band gap enhancements of chemically synthesized α‐Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles by a novel technique: Precipitator molarity variation
Authors: Soni Anshu , Harish  , Akash  , Kumar Vipin , Mishra Rajneesh Kumar , Gwag Jin Seog , Poddar Nitesh Kumar , Singhal Rahul , Mukhopadhyay Anoop Kumar , Kumar Pushpendra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNickel hydroxide nanoparticles (NHNPs) are extremely important semiconducting materials for applications in energy storage and energy harvesting devices. This study uses a novel variation in molarity of the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) precipitator solution to enhance the direct optical band gap in the NHNPs chemically synthesized by using nickel nitrate hexahydrate (Ni(NO3)2·6H2O) as the precursor. The simple, energy benign chemical precipitation route involved the usage of 1 M (Ni(NO3)2·6H2O) solutions as the precursor and 0.4 M, 0.6 M, and 0.8 M NaOH solutions as the precipitator solutions. The simple variation in precipitator molarity induces an increase in pH from about 6.9 to 7.5 of the reactant solution. As the molarity of the precursor solution does not change, the change in pH of the reactant solution is equivalent to the change in the pH of the precipitator solution. The NHNPs characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐vis) techniques confirm a reduction of the nanocrystallite size from about 6.8 to 4.5 nm with a concomitant enhancement in the direct optical band gap energy from about 2.64 to 2.74 eV. The possible mechanisms that could be operative behind obtaining microstructurally tuned (MT)‐NHNPs and band gap engineering (BGE) of the MT‐NHNPs are discussed from both theoretical and physical process perspectives. Further, the implications of these novel results for possible future applications are briefly touched upon. The reported results might be useful to assess the material as an active electrode to improve the performance of batteries.
Isolation and characterization of Newcastle disease virus from biological fluids using column chromatography
Authors: Neog Siddharth , Kumar Sachin , Trivedi Vishal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNewcastle disease virus (NDV), belonging to the species avian orthoavulavirus 1, genus Orthoavulavirus, and family Paramyxoviridae, is responsible for Newcastle disease in poultry and other avian species. It has shown significant potential as an oncolytic virus and as a vector for vaccine delivery. NDV from infected biological serum is usually isolated or purified using density gradient ultracentrifugation. However, it has many disadvantages, including the fact that it is time consuming and can process only a limited quantity of sample at one time. In our study, native agarose gel electrophoresis and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis showed that NDV carried a net negative surface charge. Thus, we purified the virus using a HiTrap Q Sepharose Fast Flow anion exchange column with salt elution. Hemagglutination assay and plaque assay showed that the procedure yielded high‐purity NDV particles with a recovery of more than 80%, and the process was fast and simple. The purity of the virus was confirmed using sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and Western blot analysis. The hydrodynamic volume and ‘dry state’ diameter of the purified NDV were analyzed using dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy and were to be in the range of 200–300 nm. The viruses did not exhibit any deviation from their known physical properties. The genome of the virus was also detected by amplifying a 423‐bp region using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. Our study confirmed that NDV could be effectively purified using an anion exchange column. In addition, the procedure could be easily upscaled or downscaled based on the experimental requirements.