bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Study Reveals Long-Term Proinflammatory Proteomic Signature After Ischemic Stroke Across Subtypes
Authors: Stanne Tara M. , Angerfors Annelie , Andersson Björn , Brännmark Cecilia , Holmegaard Lukas , Jern Christina 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Inflammation contributes both to the pathogenesis of stroke and the response to brain injury. We aimed to identify proteins reflecting the acute-phase response and proteins more likely to reflect proinflammatory processes present before stroke by broadly profiling inflammation-related plasma proteins in a longitudinal ischemic stroke study.

Methods:
Participants were from a Swedish ischemic stroke cohort (SAHLSIS [Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke], n=600 cases and n=600 controls). Plasma levels of 65 proteins including chemokines, interleukins, surface molecules, and immune receptors were measured once in controls and at 3× in cases: during the acute phase, after 3 months, and for a subgroup (n=223) at 7-year follow-up. Associations between proteins and ischemic stroke or subtype were investigated in multivariable binary regression models corrected for age, sex, vascular risk factors, and multiple testing.

Results:

In the acute phase, 48 proteins were significantly and independently associated with ischemic stroke (false discovery rate adjusted
P
<0.05). At 3-month follow-up, 51 proteins and at 7-year follow-up 50 proteins were associated with ischemic stroke. The majority of proteins were upregulated in cases compared with controls (n=34 at all time points) and the most upregulated were CXCL5 (CXC chemokine ligand 5) and OSM (oncostatin M). Generally, large artery and cardioembolic stroke had the highest protein levels. However, several interesting subtype-specific differences were also detected at each time point.

Conclusions:
We found inflammation-related proteins that were differentially regulated in ischemic stroke cases compared with controls only in the acute phase and others that remained elevated also at later time points. This latter group of proteins could reflect underlying pathophysiological processes of relevance. Future studies both in terms of disease risk and prognostication are warranted.
Educational interventions to promote adolescents’ mental health: A scoping review
Authors: Daniele Katia , Gambacorti Passerini Maria B , Palmieri Cristina , Zannini Lucia 
Published: June 2022

Background: Adolescents often experience discomfort due to individual experiences and the influence of their environment. This discomfort sometimes leads to mental health problems. Education is pivotal in promoting adolescents’ mental health through dedicated prevention interventions and through everyday educational practice, both at school and in the community. Objective: To develop an overview of the types of educational interventions aimed at promoting the mental health of adolescents and young adults, providing helpful guidance and insights to teachers/educators. Methods: We conducted a scoping review developed through searches in the CINAHL, Eric, PsycINFO and PubMed databases. We summarised data using descriptive analysis, grouping educational interventions category according to their goals and purposes. Results: Of the initial 704 articles identified, 19 met the study inclusion criteria. Consistent with Dewey’s educational theory, most of the interventions reported in the selected studies can be viewed as genuine ‘educational’ interventions, in that they involved experiential and interactive activities such as discussion groups, role-play and art-based activities. Fewer interventions involved less participatory and more ‘information-based’ activities, such as lessons. However, in many interventions, the role of teachers/educators in promoting young people’s mental health was underestimated; indeed, in only a few cases were they the providers/co-providers of the activities described, and rarely was there continuity/alignment between the interventions and everyday school activities. Conclusions: Conducting a greater number of formal/informal educational interventions to promote adolescents’ mental health is imperative, especially in the current socio-historical context, but this enterprise must acknowledge, value and support the important role of teachers/educators as leaders and participants in this endeavour.
Free to Choose? The Gendered Impacts of Flexible Working Hours in Brazil
Authors: Sabbag Fares Lygia , de Oliveira Ana Luíza Matos 
Published: June 2022

This article examines the effects of the flexibilization of working time in terms of gender segmentation in the labor market. It proposes and analyzes eight categories of women’s participation in the labor market and the effects of flexibilization on each of them. By using household survey data and case studies, the research shows that some forms of flexibilization reinforce the sexual division of labor, for example, low pay for precarious, part-time home-based work, and low social status that perpetuate caregiving roles for women in the private realm. Concurrently, forms of flexibilization associated with better pay do not consider the existing sexual division of labor, in that they demand women’s total availability for work, thus impacting their careers and lives negatively. JEL Classification: J01, J16, D63
Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance of the Academic Procrastination Scale-Short Form in Spanish Children and Adolescents
Authors: Martín-Puga M. Eva , Pelegrina Santiago , Gómez-Pérez M. Mar , Justicia-Galiano M. José 
Published: June 2022

The objectives were to examine the factorial structure of the Academic Procrastination Scale-Short Form (APS-S) and the measurement invariance across gender and educational levels, to determine possible differences in procrastination across gender, educational levels, and grades. The sample was formed of 1486 Spanish primary and secondary school students between the ages of 7 and 19 years. A one-factor model provided an adequate fit. Scalar and partial scalar invariance were achieved through gender and educational levels, respectively. Internal consistency was good and slightly higher for secondary school students than primary school students. Moderate convergent validity was obtained. The APS-S scores showed a weak but significant correlation with math anxiety. Procrastination scores increased with grade, and males showed significantly higher procrastination scores than females. The Spanish APS-S demonstrated adequate reliability and validity scores and could be a useful tool for examining academic procrastination in children and adolescents.
Optimizing the structural properties of electrospun polyimide membranes by response surface method
Authors: Parsaei Solmaz , Zebarjad Seyed Mojtaba , Moghim Mohammad Hadi 
Published: June 2022

Recently, there has been a rising tendency for the fabrication of membranes using the electrospinning method because it can control the properties of the fibrous mats by changing the parameters of the process. For this reason, in the current research, polyimide (PI) membranes were fabricated by the electrospinning method. The effect of electrospinning parameters on the content of porosity and tensile properties of the electrospun PI mats were investigated. Solution concentration, device voltage, and feed rate were considered the process parameters. Response surface methodology was adopted to design the electrospinning experiments. The results showed that the feed rate had the most contribution to the content of porosity of electrospun PI membranes which increased by decreasing the feed rate. On the other hand, the polymer concentration had a remarkable effect on the tensile strength. Indeed, the tensile strength improved as the solution concentration increased. The optimized electrospinning parameters to achieve both the highest porosity (97.66%) and the highest tensile strength (2.25 MPa) in the PI membrane were as follows: solution concentration 16.78%wt, device voltage 17 kV, and feed rate 1.4 mL h−1. The experimental results were in good agreement with the predicted values.
Exploring a Design of Carbon Tax for Coal- and Lignite-Based Thermal Power Sector in India
Authors: Mukherjee Sacchidananda 
Published: June 2022

According to India’s ‘Third Biennial Update Report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change’, electricity production contributes half of India’s total carbon dioxide (CO2) emission (without land use, land-use change and forestry [LULUCF]) and 40% of CO2e (CO2 equivalent) emission in 2016. Coal- and lignite-based thermal power sector is the predominant source of electricity generation in India, and it contributes 74% in 2019–2020. In the 26th Conference of the Parties (COP26), India has committed to achieve net zero (in CO2e emission) target by 2070. Therefore, any strategy to reduce the total CO2e emission in India cannot spare emission reductions from coal- and lignite-based thermal power plants (TPPs). To accelerate achieving India’s emission intensity reduction target to 45%, we explore a design of carbon tax for coal- and lignite-based TPPs. Given the constraints involved in designing carbon tax based on cost-benefit analysis as well as integrated assessment models, we estimate a revenue neutral rate of tax on CO2e emission by converting taxes on coal and lignite. Our carbon tax proposal sets the floor (minimum) rate, and it requires regular upward revisions to induce TPPs to take action. To reduce disruptions in tax administrations, we propose adjustments of input tax credits with carbon tax liability. JEL Classification: H23, Q54, Q4, P43
How Mexicans’ Emotional Responses to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Can Help Inform Culturally Congruent Health Care
Authors: Crocker Rebecca M. , Morrill Kristin E. , Villavicencio Edgar A. , Garcia David O. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: This article aims to increase understanding of how Mexican immigrants respond to learning about non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a spectrum disease with a heavy burden among Mexican-origin people. Methodology: This article presents findings from qualitative interviews ( n = 26) that formed part of a mixed-methods study of foreign-born Mexican immigrants carried out in 2019 to 2020 in southern Arizona to assess NAFLD awareness. Results: We documented common experiences of surprise, fear, and hope during study participation, all of which motivated research participants to reduce their NAFLD risk by seeking additional information, sharing it with others, and making lifestyle changes. Discussion: Understanding how these emotional experiences are tied to cultural and historical factors—including Mexico’s high rates of liver disease, participant’s limited access to health care, and the ability to address the NAFLD risk with lifestyle changes—may promote the development of more effective and culturally congruent care in this population.
Outcomes of Percutaneous Achilles Repair Compared With Endoscopic Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon Transfer to Treat Achilles Tendon Ruptures
Authors: Abdelatif Nasef Mohamed N. , Batista Jorge Pablo 
Published: June 2022

Background: Both percutaneous and endoscopically assisted methods are reported to produce good results in the surgical management of acute Achilles tendon ruptures. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare between a percutaneous method and a recently described isolated endoscopically assisted flexor hallucis longus (FHL) transfer method as surgical means of management in patients with acute Achilles tendon ruptures. Methods: One hundred seventeen patients were included in the current study and divided into 2 groups: 59 patients who underwent percutaneous Achilles repair (PAR Group) and 58 patients who underwent isolated endoscopic FHL transfer (FHL Group) were compared. Patients were clinically evaluated using American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS), and Achilles tendon resting angle (ATRA) measures. In addition, ankle plantarflexion power, FHL dynamometry, Tegner activity levels, and return to previous levels of activity were also documented for all patients. Results: Nine months after surgery, patients in the FHL transfer group were more likely to be able to return to normal activities (91% vs 73%, P < .01). Thirty months after surgical treatment, we found no difference in ATRS, AOFAS, ATRA, ankle plantarflexion strength, or Tegner activity scores between study groups. Overall complications were reported in 6 patients in the FHL group (10.3%) and in 8 patients in the PAR group (13.6%). No major neurovascular or skin complications were encountered. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated satisfactory and comparable results and complications when comparing isolated endoscopic FHL tendon transfer or percutaneous Achilles tendon repairs in the surgical management of acute Achilles tendon ruptures. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective controlled trial.
‘Learning and growing’: Young people’s experiences of being peer trainers within a ‘Beads of life’ group in an oncology setting
Authors: Henly Rebecca , Joscelyne Trish , McParland James 
Published: June 2022

Aims To explore the experiences of young people who take on a peer mentoring role within a psycho-oncology service narrative therapy informed ‘Beads of Life’ group. Method Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with these ‘Peer Trainers’ and analysed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Results Three superordinate themes emerged: identity and self, identity and others, and identity and relationship to cancer. Peer trainers perceived themselves as helpful and mentoring provided an opportunity to develop and grow as a person, while feeling good through helping others. Peer trainers tested out alternative roles, and experienced the benefits of challenging isolation, through connection to others and processing of the emotional burden of cancer. Peer trainers felt grateful for the opportunity, while wanting to make way for the next generation. Conclusions Findings suggest an impact on identity, with young people noticing changes in the self, their relationships with others, and their relationship to cancer. Overall, young people reported positive experiences and a ‘levelling up’ of identity, suggesting future potential for peer mentoring and community narrative practices within paediatric settings.
Comparative analysis of machine learning approaches for predicting frequent emergency department visits
Authors: Safaripour Razieh , “June” Lim Hyun Ja 
Published: June 2022

Background Emergency Department (ED) overcrowding is an emerging risk to patient safety. This study aims to assess and compare the predictive ability of machine learning (ML) models for predicting frequent ED users. Method Korean Health Panel data from 2008 to 2015 were used for this study. Individuals with four or more visits per year were considered frequent ED users. Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM) as well as two ensemble models, namely Bagging and Voting, were trained and tested to examine their predictive performance. Results The ML classification algorithms identified frequent ED users with high precision (90%–98%) and sensitivity (87%–91%), whereas LR showed fair precision (65%) and sensitivity (67%). The ML algorithms showed a high area under the curve (AUC) values from 89% for SVM to 96% for Random Forest, while LR showed the lowest AUC (65%). The classification error varied among algorithms; LR had the highest classification error (24.07%) while RF had the least (3.8%). Conclusions Results show that ML classification algorithms are robust techniques to predict frequent ED users, and the variables in administrative health panels are reliable indicators for this purpose.
Milk and Egg Are Risk Factors for Adverse Effects of Capecitabine-Based Chemotherapy in Chinese Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Xu Jinrong , Lin Zeshuai , Chen Jiani , Zhang Jian , Li Wanqing , Zhang Rui , Xing Jin , Ye Zhihuan , Liu Xiaoping , Gao Qianmin , Chen Xintao , Zhai Jingwen , Yao Houshan , Li Mingming , Wei Hua 
Published: June 2022

Background: Chemotherapy-induced adverse effects (CIAEs) remain a challenging problem due to their high incidences and negative impacts on treatment in Chinese colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. We aimed to identify risk factors and predictive markers for CIAEs using food/nutrition data in CRC patients receiving post-operative capecitabine-based chemotherapy. Methods: Food/nutrition data from 130 Chinese CRC patients were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify CIAE-related food/nutrition factors. Prediction models were constructed based on the combination of these factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the discrimination ability of models. Results: A total of 20 food/nutrition factors associated with CIAEs were identified in the univariate analysis after adjustments for total energy and potential confounding factors. Based on multivariate analysis, we found that, among these factors, dessert, eggs, poultry, and milk were associated with several CIAEs. Most importantly, poultry was an overall protective factor; milk and egg were risk factors for hand-foot syndrome (HFS) and bone marrow suppression (BMS), respectively. Developed multivariate models in predicting grade 1 to 3 CIAEs and grade 2/3 CIAEs both had good discrimination (AUROC values from 0.671 to 0.778, 0.750 to 0.946 respectively), which had potential clinical application value in the early prediction of CIAEs, especially for more severe CIAEs. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that patients with high milk and egg intakes should be clinically instructed to control their corresponding dietary intake to reduce the likelihood of developing HFS and BMS during capecitabine-based chemotherapy, respectively. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03030508.
Do Antiseptic Coated Sutures Reduce Colo-Colonic Anastomotic Leaks?
Authors: Elsenbroek Christiaan F. , Brand Martin 
Published: June 2022

Background Colorectal anastomotic leaks remain one of the most significant complications following colorectal surgery. Various interventions to reduce anastomotic leaks have been investigated, however few have resulted in a significant improvement. To date antiseptic coated monofilament sutures for sutured bowel anastomoses have not been assessed, hence this study was undertaken to investigate whether or not triclosan impregnated polydioxanone suture material (PDS) results in fewer anastomotic leaks. Methods A rabbit colo-colonic anastomotic model was developed to compare the tensile strength and local inflammatory response between triclosan coated PDS and uncoated PDS. Results Of the 42 anastomoses there were 4 (9.5%) leaks. Of the remaining 38 anastomoses neither the leak pressures, degree of bowel wall inflammation or fibrosis were statistically different (P = .11; .813 and .658 respectively) when comparing the two suture materials. Conclusions In an animal model, triclosan coated PDS is as safe as uncoated PDS in performing colo-colonic anastomosis.
Artificial intelligence and duplex ultrasound for detection of carotid artery disease
Authors: Kordzadeh Ali , Askari Alan , Abbassi Omar Ahmad , Sanoudos Nikolaos , Mohaghegh Vahaj , Shirvani Hassan 
Published: June 2022

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, applicability and accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) in the detection of normal versus carotid artery disease through greyscale static duplex ultrasound (DUS) images. Methods A prospective image acquisition of individuals undergoing duplex sonography for the suspicion of carotid artery disease at a single hospital was conducted. A total of n = 156 images of normal and stenotic carotid arteries (based on NASCET criteria) were evaluated by using geometry group network based on convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture. Outcome was reported based on sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the network (artificial intelligence) for detecting normal versus stenotic carotid arteries as well as various categories of carotid artery stenosis. Results The overall sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of AI in the detection of normal carotid artery was 91%, 86% and 92%, respectively, and for any carotid artery stenosis was 87%, 82% and 90%, respectively. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the network has the ability to detect stenotic carotid artery images (<50%) versus normal with a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 87% and an accuracy of 94%. This value (sensitivity, specificity and accuracy) for group of 50–75% stenosis versus normal was 84%, 80% and 88% and for carotid artery disease of more than 75% was 90%, 83% and 92%, respectively. Conclusion This study demonstrates the feasibility, applicability and accuracy of artificial intelligence in the detection of carotid artery disease in greyscale static DUS images. This network has the potential to be used as a stand-alone software or to be embedded in any DUS machine. This can enhance carotid artery disease recognition with limited or no vascular experience or serve as a stratification tool for tertiary referral, further imaging and overall management.
Sutimlimab in patients with cold agglutinin disease: results of the randomized placebo-controlled phase 3 CADENZA trial
Authors: Röth Alexander , Berentsen Sigbjørn , Barcellini Wilma , D’Sa Shirley , Jilma Bernd , Michel Marc , Weitz Ilene C. , Yamaguchi Masaki , Nishimura Jun-ichi , Vos Josephine M. I. , Storek Michael , Wong Nancy , Patel Parija , Jiang Xiaoyu , Vagge Deepthi S. , Wardęcki Marek , Shafer Frank , Lee Michelle , Broome Catherine M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Sutimlimab, a first-in-class humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits the classical complement pathway at C1s, rapidly halted hemolysis in the single-arm CARDINAL study in recently transfused patients with cold agglutinin disease (CAD). CADENZA was a 26-week randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 study to assess safety and efficacy of sutimlimab in patients with CAD without recent (within 6 months prior to enrollment) transfusion history. Forty-two patients with screening hemoglobin ≤10 g/dL, elevated bilirubin, and ≥1 CAD symptom received sutimlimab (n = 22) or placebo (n = 20) on days 0 and 7 and then biweekly. Composite primary endpoint criteria (hemoglobin increase ≥1.5 g/dL at treatment assessment timepoint [mean of weeks 23, 25, 26], avoidance of transfusion, and study-prohibited CAD therapy [weeks 5-26]) were met by 16 patients (73%) on sutimlimab, and 3 patients (15%) on placebo (odds ratio, 15.9 [95% confidence interval, 2.9, 88.0; P &lt; .001]). Sutimlimab, but not placebo, significantly increased mean hemoglobin and FACIT-Fatigue scores at treatment assessment timepoint. Sutimlimab normalized mean bilirubin by week 1. Improvements correlated with near-complete inhibition of the classical complement pathway (2.3% mean activity at week 1) and C4 normalization. Twenty-one (96%) sutimlimab patients and 20 (100%) placebo patients experienced ≥1 treatment-emergent adverse event. Headache, hypertension, rhinitis, Raynaud phenomenon, and acrocyanosis were more frequent with sutimlimab vs placebo, with a difference of ≥3 patients between groups. Three sutimlimab patients discontinued owing to adverse events; no placebo patients discontinued. These data demonstrate that sutimlimab has potential to be an important advancement in the treatment of CAD. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03347422.