bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of post-hepatectomy liver failure on morbidity and short- and long-term survival after major hepatectomy
Authors: Baumgartner Ruth , Gilg Stefan , Björnsson Bergthor , Hasselgren Kristina , Ghorbani Poya , Sauter Christina , Stål Per , Sandstöm Per , Sparrelid Ernesto , Engstrand Jennie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is one of the most serious postoperative complications after hepatectomy. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS) definition of PHLF on morbidity and short- and long-term survival after major hepatectomy.

Methods
This was a retrospective review of all patients who underwent major hepatectomy (three or more liver segments) for various liver tumours between 2010 and 2018 at two Swedish tertiary centres for hepatopancreatobiliary surgery. Descriptive statistics, regression models, and survival analyses were used.

Results
A total of 799 patients underwent major hepatectomy, of which 218 patients (27 per cent) developed ISGLS-defined PHLF, including 115 patients (14 per cent) with ISGLS grade A, 76 patients (10 per cent) with grade B, and 27 patients (3 per cent) with grade C. The presence of cirrhosis, perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder cancer, right-sided hemihepatectomy and trisectionectomy all significantly increased the risk of clinically relevant PHLF (grades B and C). Clinically relevant PHLF increased the risk of 90-day mortality and was associated with impaired long-term survival. ISGLS grade A had more major postoperative complications compared with no PHLF but failed to be an independent predictor of both 90-day mortality and long-term survival. The impact of PHLF grade B/C on long-term survival was no longer present in patients surviving the first 90 days after surgery.

Conclusions
The presently used ISGLS definition for PHLF should be reconsidered regarding mortality as only PHLF grade B/C was associated with a negative impact on short-term survival; however, even ISGLS grade A had clinical implications.
Facilitating assets-based development in rural communities through service-learning
Authors: Guarino Antonella , Barbieri Irene , Compare Christian , Albanesi Cinzia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
By integrating a learning experience with community organizations, service-learning (SL) can be considered a tool to facilitate rural communities’ development, acting as a resource mobilizer. This study presents a participatory process based on the assets-based approach for community development approach. Six local organizations and 16 university students in three Italian rural communities were engaged to assess local resources and co-construct rural SL (RSL) projects. A two-phase rural participative process was developed and evaluated using qualitative instruments, such as focus groups and students’ reflexive journals. Results indicated that rural communities uncovered a set of material and intangible inner assets to develop. Indeed, they identified internal (and potentially external) resources that could effectively bring some insights to rural challenges. Moreover, community members experienced new paths through SL to count on their internal assets through effective collaboration with university students. The collaboration between students (and university) and community organizations delivered new local and rural development opportunities while supporting the partnership for RSL. Students experienced themselves as potential agents of change, enhancing their psychosocial resources and competencies, and strengthening rural development. The result’s implications involve the development of rural policies, including effective participation of rural communities (and organizations) and regarding different dimensions of development, like economic or psychosocial development.
Multivariate analyses of skull morphology inform the taxonomy and evolution of geomyoid rodents
Authors: Noftz Lily A , Calede Jonathan J M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Morphological analyses are critical to quantify phenotypic variation, identify taxa, inform phylogenetic relationships, and shed light on evolutionary patterns. This work is particularly important in groups that display great morphological disparity. Such is the case in geomyoid rodents, a group that includes 2 of the most species-rich families of rodents in North America: the Geomyidae (pocket gophers) and the Heteromyidae (kangaroo rats, pocket mice, and their relatives). We assessed variation in skull morphology (including both shape and size) among geomyoids to test the hypothesis that there are statistically significant differences in skull measurements at the family, genus, and species levels. Our sample includes 886 specimens representing all geomyoid genera and 39 species. We used the geometric mean to compare size across taxa. We used 14 measurements of the cranium and lower jaw normalized for size to compare shape among and within taxa. Our results show that skull measurements enable the distinction of geomyoids at the family, genus, and species levels. There is a larger amount of size variation within Geomyidae than within Heteromyidae. Our phylomorphospace analysis shows that the skull shape of the common ancestor of all geomyoids was more similar to the common ancestor of heteromyids than that of geomyids. Geomyid skulls display negative allometry whereas heteromyid skulls display positive allometry. Within heteromyids, dipodomyines, and non-dipodomyines show significantly different allometric patterns. Future analyses including fossils will be necessary to test our evolutionary hypotheses.
ProBioQuest: a database and semantic analysis engine for literature, clinical trials and patents related to probiotics
Authors: Chan Po Lam , Lauw Susana , Ma Ka Lee , Kei Nelson , Ma Ka Leong , Wong Yiu On , Lam Ho Yan , Ting Yee Yung , Yau Tsz Kwan , Nong Wenyan , Huang Dandan , Xie Yichun , Cheung Peter Chi Keung , Kwan Hoi Shan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

The use of probiotics to improve health via the modulation of gut microbiota has gained wide attention. The growing volume of investigations of probiotic microorganisms and commercialized probiotic products has created the need for a database to organize the health-promoting functions driven by probiotics reported in academic articles, clinical trials and patents. We constructed ProBioQuest to collect up-to-date literature related to probiotics from PubMed.gov, ClinicalTrials.gov and PatentsView. More than 2.8 million articles have been collected. Automated information technology-assisted procedures enabled us to collect the data continuously, providing the most up-to-date information. Statistical functions and semantic analyses are provided on the website as an advanced search engine, which contributes to the semantic tool of this database for information search and analyses. The semantic analytical output provides categorized search results and functions to enhance further analysis. A keyword bank is included which can display multiple tables of contents. Users can select keywords from different displayed categories to achieve easily filtered searches. Additional information on the searched items can be browsed via the link-out function. ProBioQuest is not only useful to scientists and health professionals but also to dietary supplement manufacturers and the general public. In this paper, the method we used to build this database-web system is described. Applications of ProBioQuest for several literature-based analyses of probiotics are included as examples of the various uses of this search engine. ProBioQuest can be accessed free of charge at http://kwanlab.bio.cuhk.edu.hk/PBQ/.

Database URL
http://kwanlab.bio.cuhk.edu.hk/PBQ/
Evaluation of telephone triage among chest pain patients in out-of-hours primary care in the Netherlands (TRACE)
Authors: Manten Amy , Rietveld Remco P , de Clercq Lukas , van Hulst Inge , Lucassen Wim A M , Moll van Charante Eric P , Harskamp Ralf E 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Telephone triage is fully integrated in Dutch out-of-hours primary care (OOH-PC). Patients presenting with chest pain are initially assessed according to a standardized protocol (“Netherlands Triage Standard” [NTS]). Nevertheless, little is known about its (diagnostic) performance, nor on the impact of subsequent clinical judgements made by triage assistants and general practitioners (GPs).

Objective
To evaluate the performance of the current NTS chest pain protocol.

Methods
Observational, retrospective cohort study of adult patients with chest pain who contacted a regional OOH-PC facility in the Netherlands, in 2017. The clinical outcome measure involved the occurrence of a “major event,” which is a composite of all-cause mortality and urgent cardiovascular and noncardiovascular conditions, occurring ≤6 weeks of initial contact. We assessed the performance using diagnostic and discriminatory properties.

Results
In total, 1,803 patients were included, median age was 54.0 and 57.5% were female. Major events occurred in 16.2% of patients with complete follow-up, including 99 (6.7%) cases of acute coronary syndrome and 22 (1.5%) fatal events. NTS urgency assessment showed moderate discriminatory abilities for predicting major events (c-statistic 0.66). Overall, NTS performance showed a sensitivity and specificity of 83.0% and 42.4% with a 17.0% underestimated major event rate. Triage assistants’ revisions hardly improved urgency allocation. Further consideration of the clinical course following OOH-PC contact did generate a more pronounced improvement with a sensitivity of 89.4% and specificity of 61.9%.

Conclusion
Performance of telephone triage of chest pain appears moderate at best, with acceptable safety yet limited efficiency, even after including further work-up by GPs.
Nonsmooth data error estimates of the L1 scheme for subdiffusion equations with positive-type memory term
Authors: Mahata Shantiram , Kumar Sinha Rajen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper considers fully discrete finite element approximations to subdiffusion equations with memory in a bounded convex polygonal domain. We first derive some regularity results for the solution with respect to both smooth and nonsmooth initial data in various Sobolev norms. These regularity estimates cover the cases when $u_0\in L^2(\varOmega )$ and the source function is Hölder continuous in time. The spatially discrete scheme is developed using piecewise linear and continuous finite elements, and optimal-order error bounds for both homogeneous and nonhomogeneous problems are established. The temporal discretization based on the L1 scheme is considered and analyzed. We prove optimal error estimates in time for both homogeneous and nonhomogeneous problems. Finally, numerical results are provided to support our theoretical analysis.
Interpatient variability in the pharmacokinetics of remdesivir and its main metabolite GS-441524 in treated COVID-19 subjects
Authors: Tempestilli Massimo , Ascoli Bartoli Tommaso , Benvenuto Domenico , Stazi Giulia Valeria , Marchioni Luisa , Nicastri Emanuele , Agrati Chiara 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundRemdesivir is the first antiviral drug against SARS-CoV-2 approved for use in COVID-19 patients.ObjectivesTo study the pharmacokinetic inter-individual variability of remdesivir and its main metabolite GS-441524 in a real-world setting of COVID-19 inpatients and to identify possible associations with different demographic/biochemical variables.MethodsInpatients affected by SARS-CoV-2 infections, undergoing standard-dose remdesivir treatment, were prospectively enrolled. Blood samples were collected on day 4, immediately after (C0) and at 1 h (C1) and 24 h (C24) after infusion. Remdesivir and GS-441524 concentrations were measured using a validated UHPLC-MS/MS method and the AUC0–24 was calculated. At baseline, COVID-19 severity (ICU or no ICU), sex, age, BMI and renal and liver functions were assessed. Transaminases and estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) were also evaluated during treatment. Linear regression, logistic regression and multiple linear regression tests were used for statistical comparisons of pharmacokinetic parameters and variables.ResultsEighty-five patients were included. The mean (CV%) values of remdesivir were: C0 2091 (99.1%) ng/mL, C1 139.7 (272.4%) ng/mL and AUC0–24 2791 (175.7%) ng·h/mL. The mean (CV%) values of GS-441524 were: C0 90.2 (49.5%) ng/mL, C1 104.9 (46.6%) ng/mL, C24 58.4 (66.9) ng/mL and AUC0–24 1976 (52.6%) ng·h/mL. The multiple regression analysis showed that age (P &lt; 0.05) and e-GFR (P &lt; 0.01) were independent predictors of GS-441524 plasma exposure.ConclusionsOur results showed a high interpatient variability of remdesivir and GS-441524 likely due to both age and renal function in COVID-19 inpatients. Further research is required to understand whether the pharmacokinetics of remdesivir and its metabolites may influence drug-related efficacy or toxic effect.
Perceived Barriers to Professional Equality Among Women in Gastroenterology
Authors: Jones Emma , Sharma Sowmya , Heisler Courtney , Rohatinsky Noelle , Novak Kerri , Leung Yvette , Fowler Sharyle , Kaczur Melanie , Jones Jennifer 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Although significant progress relating to professional equality among men and women in medicine has been made over the past few decades, evidence derived from the medical literature suggests that inequity persists with respect to income, attainment of leadership positions, and professional advancement. These inequities have been observed to be more pronounced in gastroenterology. Literature relating to gender-specific barriers to professional equity in gastroenterology is limited. This qualitative study explored perceived barriers to professional equality among women in gastroenterology in Canada through focus groups using a World Café Approach. Several perceived barriers to professional equality were identified. Identification of barriers to professional equality is an important first step to creating meaningful interventions that address the root causes of gender-related inequity in gastroenterology.
Dysregulated Protein Phosphorylation in a Mouse Model of FTLD-Tau
Authors: Ferrer Isidro , Andrés-Benito Pol , Ausín Karina , Cartas-Cejudo Paz , Lachén-Montes Mercedes , del Rio José Antonio , Fernández-Irigoyen Joaquín , Santamaría Enrique 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The neocortex of P301S mice, used as a model of fronto-temporal lobar degeneration linked to tau mutation (FTLD-tau), and wild-type mice, both aged 9 months, were analyzed with conventional label-free phosphoproteomics and SWATH-MS (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry) to assess the (phospho)proteomes. The total number of identified dysregulated phosphoproteins was 328 corresponding to 524 phosphorylation sites. The majority of dysregulated phosphoproteins, most of them hyperphosphorylated, were proteins of the membranes, synapses, membrane trafficking, membrane vesicles linked to endo- and exocytosis, cytoplasmic vesicles, and cytoskeleton. Another group was composed of kinases. In contrast, proteins linked to DNA, RNA metabolism, RNA splicing, and protein synthesis were hypophosphorylated. Other pathways modulating energy metabolism, cell signaling, Golgi apparatus, carbohydrates, and lipids are also targets of dysregulated protein phosphorylation in P301S mice. The present results, together with accompanying immunohistochemical and Western-blotting studies, show widespread abnormal phosphorylation of proteins, in addition to protein tau, in P301S mice. These observations point to dysregulated protein phosphorylation as a relevant contributory pathogenic component of tauopathies.
Preexisting Heterotypic Ligand-blocking Antibody Does Not Protect Against Genogroup II Norovirus Episodes in Young Children
Authors: Becker-Dreps Sylvia , Brewer-Jensen Paul D , González Fredman , Reyes Yaoska , Mallory Michael L , Gutiérrez Lester , Vielot Nadja A , Diez-Valcarce Marta , Vinjé Jan , Baric Ralph S , Lindesmith Lisa C , Bucardo Filemon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A birth cohort design was used to understand whether heterotypic ligand-blocking norovirus antibodies provide cross-protection within the GII genogroup. We found that almost one-half of children who experienced a norovirus GII episode had preexisting antibodies heterotypic to the infecting genotype; therefore, these antibodies did not provide cross-protection.
Breadth and Dynamics of Human Norovirus-Specific Antibodies in the First Year of Life
Authors: Vielot Nadja A , Brinkman Amanda , DeMaso Christina , Vilchez Samuel , Lindesmith Lisa C , Bucardo Filemon , Reyes Yaoska , Baric Ralph S , Ryan Elizabeth P , Braun Ralph , Becker-Dreps Sylvia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We measured antibody binding to diverse norovirus virus-like particles over 12 months in 16 children. All had maternal antibodies at 2 months, with estimated lowest levels at 5 months of age. Antibody increases after 3 months suggested natural infections. This information could guide the timing of future norovirus vaccines.
Large colonic lipoma as a lead point for intussusception in an adult
Authors: Amirhom Emad , Dondapati Manasa , Horton Nisha , Pescovitz Alison R 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Intussusception is the telescoping of proximal loop of the bowel within distal loop resulting in obliteration of the lumen. Although it frequently occurs with the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in children, it is a rare phenomenon and an uncommon cause of acute intestinal obstruction in adults. Unlike pediatric intussusception, where the cause is idiopathic, adult intussusception is associated with underlying pathology as a lead point. The underlying pathology usually is malignant, but the prognosis is better when there is a benign lead point. The benign lead point intussusceptions are rare and are treated with reduction when there are no signs of ischemia. When there is ischemia or when reduction is not feasible, they are treated with surgical resection. In this report, we describe a rare case of an adult intussusception from a large colonic lipoma in a 79-year-old male, treated successfully with surgical resection.
Army Reserve Participation in Tropic Care 2018: An Innovative Readiness Training to Assess Unit Defense Support of Civil Authorities Response
Authors: Kawakami Chad Keiichi 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 highlighted the Army Reserve as a key partner in Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA). Tropic Care, an Innovative Readiness Training mission, led by the 1984th U.S. Army Hospital, served as a venue to train on unit Mission Essential Task Lists while providing an initial assessment on its DSCA response capability.
Cap-independent translation and a precisely located RNA sequence enable SARS-CoV-2 to control host translation and escape anti-viral response
Authors: Slobodin Boris , Sehrawat Urmila , Lev Anastasia , Hayat Daniel , Zuckerman Binyamin , Fraticelli Davide , Ogran Ariel , Ben-Shmuel Amir , Bar-David Elad , Levy Haim , Ulitsky Igor , Dikstein Rivka 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Translation of SARS-CoV-2-encoded mRNAs by the host ribosomes is essential for its propagation. Following infection, the early expressed viral protein NSP1 binds the ribosome, represses translation, and induces mRNA degradation, while the host elicits an anti-viral response. The mechanisms enabling viral mRNAs to escape this multifaceted repression remain obscure. Here we show that expression of NSP1 leads to destabilization of multi-exon cellular mRNAs, while intron-less transcripts, such as viral mRNAs and anti-viral interferon genes, remain relatively stable. We identified a conserved and precisely located cap-proximal RNA element devoid of guanosines that confers resistance to NSP1-mediated translation inhibition. Importantly, the primary sequence rather than the secondary structure is critical for protection. We further show that the genomic 5′UTR of SARS-CoV-2 drives cap-independent translation and promotes expression of NSP1 in an eIF4E-independent and Torin1-resistant manner. Upon expression, NSP1 further enhances cap-independent translation. However, the sub-genomic 5′UTRs are highly sensitive to eIF4E availability, rendering viral propagation partially sensitive to Torin1. We conclude that the combined NSP1-mediated degradation of spliced mRNAs and translation inhibition of single-exon genes, along with the unique features present in the viral 5′UTRs, ensure robust expression of viral mRNAs. These features can be exploited as potential therapeutic targets.
Advanced practice physiotherapy in paediatrics: Implementation results
Authors: Drapeau-Zgoralski Véronique , Beauséjour Marie , Painchaud Ariane-Sophie , Sarda Mélanie , Nault Marie-Lyne 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the implementation of an advanced practice physiotherapist (APP) clinic in our paediatric institution and assess APP and orthopaedic surgeon satisfaction.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, all patient records from the APP clinic’s second year (March 2017 to March 2018) at CHU Sainte-Justine were reviewed. These were compared with the records of patients seen by orthopaedic surgeons within the gait clinic the year before implementing the clinic. The following data were collected: demographic, professional issuing referral, reason for referral, consultation delay, clinical impression, investigation, and treatment plan. We also documented every subsequent follow-up to rule out any diagnostic change and identify surgical patients. Clinician satisfaction was assessed by the Minnesota Satisfaction and PROBES Questionnaires along with a short electronic survey.ResultsFour hundred and eighteen patients were assessed by APPs and 202 by orthopaedic surgeons. APPs managed patients independently in 92.6% of cases. Nearly 86% of patients were discharged following the initial visit, and 7.4% were referred to a physiotherapist. Only 1% of APP patients eventually required surgery compared with nearly 6% in the orthopaedic group. The mean waiting time for consultation was greater in the APP group (513.7 versus 264 days). However, there was a significant reduction in mean waiting time over the last 3 months surveyed (106.5 days).ConclusionsThe feedback from all clinicians involved was positive, with a greater mean score on the Minnesota Satisfaction and PROBES Questionnaire for APPs. The APP gait clinic appears to be an effective triage clinic.Level of evidenceIII
Genetic testing and screening in children
Authors: Moore Aideen M , Richer Julie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Genetic testing has progressed rapidly over the past two decades and is becoming common in paediatrics. This statement provides an overview of recent developments that may impact genetic testing in children. Genetics is a rapidly evolving field, and this statement focuses specifically on expanded newborn screening, next generation sequencing (NGS), incidental findings, direct-to-consumer testing, histocompatibility testing, and genetic testing in a research context.