bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viral load and B-catenin level correlation study in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus
Authors: Mohammed Abdullah A. , Abdulsattar Sura A. , Al-bayati Sabeha 
Published: April 2022

Hepatitis a general term which refers to inflammation of the liver. It may result from various causes, both infectious ( viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic) and noninfectious (alcohol, drugs, autoimmune diseases, and metabolic diseases). The hepatitis B X protein (HBx) plays a role in the epigenetic regulation of HBV replication. Real-time PCR has catalysed wider acceptance of PCR because it is more rapid, sensitive and reproducible, while the risk of carryover contamination is minimised. The present study is a case-control study design comprise a total of 58 patient with hepatitis B of which 29 patients were with chronic infection and additional 29 patient with chronic hepatitis, and 30 apparently healthy control subjects. In the current study, fifty - eight diagnosed hepatitis B virus patients were enrolled. The correlations of study biomarkers with viral load in the (chronic hepatitis group) of HBV patients. B-catenin showed a significant positive correlation with viral load in chronic hepatitis group (r = 0.387, p = 0.038).
comparative study of different doses of intrathecal nalbuphine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in subarachnoid block in cesarean section
Authors: Patel Jatin , Thakkar Sujay , Anjali A. , Mehta Mehul , Chauhan Dinesh 
Published: April 2022

Background: Spinal anesthesia is preferred over general anesthesia by most of the anesthetists in cesarean section as it provides post-operative analgesia. Materials and methods: The parturient were randomly divided two groups of 30 each. Inj. Bupivacaine 2ml with Inj. Nalbuphine 0.75 mg (GROUP A) and 1 mg (GROUP B) diluted till 0.5 ml, making a total volume of 2.5 ml. The onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, time of absolute and effective analgesia, number of rescue analgesia required in 24 hours, hemodynamic stability and side-effects were noted. Results: Onset time of motor block was significantly prolonged in group A (3.93±0.59) as compared to group B (3.29±0.46). Duration of absolute analgesia (185.74±4.17) and effective analgesia in Group B (197.25±5.58) is higher as compared to group A, thus number of rescue analgesia required in 24hrs is more in Group A (2.03±0.72) as compared to group B (0.77±0.57)Conclusion: 1mg Intrathecal Nalbuphine as an adjuvant to 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine is more efficient in prolonging postoperative analgesia compared to 0.75 mg dose.
SPIRITUAL AND MORAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS AND THEIR ROLE IN STRENGTHENING INTERETHNIC AND INTERFAITH HARMONY IN RUSSIA: CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS
Authors: САУДАХАНОВ Марат Вильданович 
Published: April 2022

В статье автор с точки зрения конституционного права анализирует феномен духовно-нравственных прав и свобод человека и их роль в укреплении межнационального и межконфессионального согласия в России. Автор приходит к выводу о необходимости создания в рассматриваемой сфере научно обоснованной системы образования, которая стала бы доктринальным условием для транслирования концептуальных установок, с помощью которых осуществлялись бы как правотворчество, так и правоприменительная практика.
In the article, from the point of view of constitutional law, the author analyzes the phenomenon of spiritual and moral human rights and freedoms and their role in strengthening interethnic and interfaith harmony in Russia. The author concludes that it is necessary to create a scientifically grounded education system in the area under consideration, which would become a doctrinal condition for the transmission of conceptual attitudes, with the help of which both lawmaking and law enforcement practice would be carried out.
FORENSIC COMPUTER SIMULATION AS AN ELEMENT OF AUTOMATED CRIME INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGY
Authors: КОВАЛЕВ Сергей Александрович , КОИМШИДИ Георгий Феофилактович 
Published: April 2022

Статья посвящена перспективным вопросам применения криминалистического компьютерного моделирования при разработке автоматизированной информационной системы расследования отдельных видов преступлений. Рассмотрены основные направления использования компьютерных технологий в деятельности следственных подразделений, определены базовые компоненты типовой криминалистической компьютерной модели преступления, а также элементы моделирования расследования преступлений.
The article focuses on promising issues of the use of forensic computer modeling in the development of an automated information system for investigating certain types of crimes. The authors consider the main directions of the use of computer technologies in the activities of investigative units; determine the basic components of a typical forensic computer model of a crime, as well as elements of modeling the investigation of crimes.
Pandemi dan Skenario Penyelesaian Utang
Authors: Rudiatin Endang , Hadiwardoyo Wibowo 
Published: April 2022

Banyak negara terpaksa menambah utang dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19 dengan asumsi akan diselesaikan setelah perekonomian kembali normal. Namun pandemi ternyata masih berlangsung meski telah melewati masa satu setengah tahun. Munculnya varian-varian baru dari virus Corona telah memaksa pemberlakuan kembali pembatasan-pembatasan bahkan kadang lebih ketat. Akibat langsungnya adalah defisit anggaran, karena pendapatan negara turun, sementara pengeluaran naik. Semakin lama pembatasan berlangsung akan semakin besar defisit terjadi, sehingga masih sangat dimungkinkan adanya tambahan utang baru. Dengan semakin banyaknya utang, diperlukan skenario-skenario untuk menyelesaikannya, termasuk pada opsi terburuk. Studi ini menyajikan berbagai kemungkinan yang dapat dilakukan suatu negara untuk membayar utang yang sulit terbayar, berdasar pada pengalaman beberapa negara yang telah mengalaminya di masa lalu. Juga alternatif terobosan baru yang mungkin dilakukan, meskipun menghadapi tantangan politik dalam negeri yang rumit. Alternatif tersebut didasarkan dari riset fenomenologis pada komunitas virtual melalui medium internet tentang fenomena pandemik dan hutang Negara. Hasilnya menunjukkan suatu tindakan popular Negara dalam mengatasi krisis ekonomi yaitu, kenaikan tarif pajak, pengurangan gaji dan fasilitas pegawai/aparat, penjualan (saham) Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN). Lalu tawaran alternative yang tidak populer seperti penyewaan pulau/kawasan tertentu ke pihak asing, dan terobosan lainnya.
EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN BALITA DIARE DI RUANG RAWAT INAP RUMAH SAKIT X PERIODE JANUARI – MARET TAHUN 2020
Authors: Supandi Yakobus , Sari Liska Marlinda 
Published: April 2022

Diare merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kesakitan dan kematian diseluruh dunia. Diare telah menyerang jutaan jiwa pertahun dan menyerang semua usia. Dari keseluruhan kejadian diare, sebagian besar penderita adalah anak-anak. Diare dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor diantaranya infeksi oleh bakteri dan virus. Pengobatan pada kasus diare dapat memberikan efek samping yang tidak diinginkan dan dapat mengakibatkan resistensi pada terapi yang menggunakan antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan dan pemilihan jenis antibiotik pada pasien anak di ruang rawat inap Rumah Sakit X periode Januari – Maret 2020. Penelitian ini bersifat non eksperimental dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif dengan jumlah sampel 56 kasus yang terdiagnosa diare. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien balita umur 1-5 tahun yang terdiagnosa diare dan mendapatkan terapi antibiotik. Data diambil dari rekam medis pasien dan di analisis meliputi karakteristik pasien, karakteristik obat dan evaluasi penggunaan antibiotik. Hasil penelitian untuk evaluasi penggunaan antibiotik diperoleh hasil 81,8% untuk tepat obat dan 88,9% untuk kategori tepat dosis.
Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation with and without Kinesio Taping Application on Sitting Balance Among Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Tahir Jawad , Ahmad Sarfraz , Rana Arif Ali 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background: Children with spastic cerebral palsy often show difficulty to maintain posture and function, therefore displaying the weak sitting postural balance such as the flexed trunk. Objective: The study was designed to determine the effectiveness in terms of alignment and function with neuromuscular electric stimulation, Kinesio tape above the trunk muscles in combination with conventional physiotherapy for improving sitting balance in young children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy that has presented with weak trunk control. Methods: In this randomized trial children aged between 5 to 12 years were involved in this study. Group A received electric stimulation and conventional physical therapy while group B received Kinesio tape, electric stimulation and conventional physiotherapy for 12 weeks, 3 alternate days per week. Data were collected at baseline, 5th and 10th week after the last session of the week. Sitting balance is evaluated by the seated postural control measurement score. Results: Significant differences were observed in both groups in the total score of seated postural control measurement alignment section (p<0.015) and functional section (p<0.01) after the 10th week; the change in group B was higher as compared to other group. There is no significant difference were seen in pre-treatment and after the 5th week in alignment and functional section in comparison of technique. Conclusion: With the help of neuromuscular electric stimulation, and Kinesio tape in combination with conventional physiotherapy enhance the sitting balance, in terms of alignment and function in children with spastic cerebral palsy.
*Corresponding author: Jawad Tahir, Central Park Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan; Email: dr.jd2917@gmail.com
Citation: Tahir J., S. Ahmad, A.A. Rana. 2021. The effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation with and without Kinesio taping application on sitting balance among children having cerebral palsy. The Healer Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, 1(2):41-49
Activated Carbons from Waste Tyre Pyrolysis: Application
Authors: Matandabuzo Mzukisi , Dovorogwa Delford 
Published: April 2022

The development of better and efficient methods of consuming less and/or wasting little resource materials is becoming more important. In this study, pyrolytic waste tyre carbon black residue and commercial grade activated carbon were characterized and evaluated against adsorption of mercury vapor. The performance of the raw carbon black residue and the activated carbon against mercury vapor generated in the laboratory was determined using a designed reactor system. The adsorption of Hg+ was investigated at temperatures ranging from 200 to 280°C for 6 hours. Batch experiments were conducted for the different carbon residue samples and characterization analysis were done before and after adsorption using the spectroscopic, microscopic, and structural techniques to elucidate the structural arrangements and properties of the carbonaceous materials. Spectroscopic analysis of these carbonaceous residues showed a C=C stretching vibration attributed to the lignocellulose aromatic ring at 1657–2000 cm−1. Comparatively, it was also observed that the Infrared spectrum of raw carbon black exhibits less functional groups as compared to the H2SO4-AC and H2O2-AC carbonaceous residues prepared.
Prevalence of Rheumatic Heart Disease among Children in Bangladesh
Authors: Kumar Saha Santosh , Modak Kastury , Kanti Dan Kazal , Nasir Uddin Syed , Abdullah Al Mamun Mohammad , Nahar Choudhury Kamrun 
Published: April 2022

Aims: The prevalence of Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is estimated to be higher in developing countries like Bangladesh than in developed countries, ranging from 24/1,000 to 0.3/1,000 respectively. There is no authentic national data since 2005 on prevalence of RHD in our country. Aim of this study is to find out present status of RHD among children in Bangladesh so that government can take further action to strengthen RHD prevention activity.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey of children aged 5–15 years from 20 schools of urban non slum, urban slum and rural area was carried out by a team of cardiologists. Children were screened by clinical examination and diagnosis confirmed by echocardiography. Children who were not willing to enroll in the study and absent students at the day of data collection were excluded from the study. Ethical permission was taken from the institutional review board.
Results: Total 5024 school children aged 5 to 15 years were screened for rheumatic heart disease. Male female ratio was 1.01. Prevalence of RF and RHD were 1.6/1000 and 0.8/1000 respectively. Prevalence of RHD was significantly higher among urban slum children (3.78/1000) than rural (0.33/1000) and urban non slum children (0.66/1000).
Conclusion: The encouraging observation in our study is a decreasing trend of Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease in Bangladesh
Response of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to Nitrogen Levels in Irrigated Areas in Somalia
Authors: Nuur Ismaan Hassan , Mayow M. H. , Abdirahim Muse Husni , Hasan Yusuf , H. Omar (Miirkey) Hassan Mohamed , H. Husien (Akiila) Omar 
Published: April 2022

Aims: SARTEC conducted an experimental study with the objective of determining the effects of various nitrogen rates on sunflower growth and yield in the Afgoi district, Lower Shabelle region.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out at the SARTEC experimental farm in Afgoi during the Der season of 2020. The experiment used a Russian kind of sunflower and was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications and four plots for each. The crop was fertilized with different rates of N at 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1, with a control/unfertilized plot included in each of the replications. Plant height, head diameter, hundred-seed weight, seed, straw, and biological yield, as well as harvest index, were all measured on five plants from each plot for data collection.
Results: The different fertilizer rates applied to the sunflower crop resulted in highly significant variations in yield and yield components. Seed-related parameters like seed weight and seed yield were influenced substantially more than other variables, including plant height; stem diameter, head diameter, and straw yield. Despite having the highest seed yield, plots with 150 kg of N ha-1 were not more cost-effective than plots with 100 kg ha-1.
Conclusion: In Somalia, 100 kg of N per hectare is the ideal rate for maximizing sunflower revenue and production while adhering to best management practices.
COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake, Unmet Need and Reported Side Effect in Nigeria: An Online Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Eniade Olanrewaju D. , Omowumi Okedare , Olarinmoye Abayomi T. , Olasunkanmi Yusuff , Otovwe Agofure , Akintunde Funke , Aniyeloye Adebukola 
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to wreak havoc in Nigeria, with more cases and deaths reported every day. However, vaccine development and uptake are believed to aid the fight against this outbreak. We investigated vaccine uptake, unmet need for vaccine, and reported side effects among the populace.
An online cross-sectional study was conducted among 417 adults from the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria using the online data collection tool, Kobo-toolbox. We obtained information on socio-demographic characteristics, vaccine uptake, unmet need, and related side effects of COVID-19 vaccine. Descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression were done using Stata MP 16.
The mean age of the respondents was 32.1 ± 10.7 years. About half (49.9%) were below 30 years of age. Majority were females (63.1%), Christians (89.2%), and urban dwellers (74.6%). Majority (89.2%) of respondents know that vaccines are beneficial to health, and 41.2% have received the COVD-19 vaccine. Unmet need for COVID-19 vaccine was 74.3% and herd immunity was estimated as 93.1%. Respondents working in the private sector (AOR=0.32, 95% CI=0.11-0.90), and who said COVID-19 vaccine is not beneficial to health (AOR=0.04, 95% CI=0.01-0.29) were less likely to receive COVID-19 vaccine, while those who have tested for COVID-19 (AOR=3.93, 95%CI=1.98-7.84) have a higher likelihood of receiving COVID-19 vaccine.
Continuous awareness for COVID-19 vaccine is needed. The government needs to persistently assure citizens of the safety and efficacy of the vaccines. Also, this study recommends that the administration of a highly effective vaccine would result in achievable herd immunity and curb the transmission of COVID-19 virus.
Effect of Nitrogen on the Growth and Yield of Local Aman Rice Cultivar
Authors: Tarek Md. Khalid Hasan , Biswas Mrityunjoy , Miah Mohammad Noor Hossain , Hoque Mozammel , Chowdhury Akhi Paul , Foysal Md. Rafat Al 
Published: April 2022

To identify suitable nitrogen management practices for local fine and aromatic rice cultivars an experiment was carried out at Farmer’s field at Jointapur, Sylhet region of Bangladesh during the period from August 2017 to December 2017. The experiment was replicated thrice in randomized complete block design assigning factor A: rice cultivars viz. Beruin (V1), Moinasail (V2), Nagrasail (V3) and, BRRI dhan49 (Control, check variety) (V4) and factor B: N sources viz. N 100% chemical (F1) , 50% N from FYM + 50% from Urea (F2) , 50% N from Vermicompost+ 50% from Urea (F3) and farmers practice (F4). Nutrients P,K, S and Zn (100%) were supplied from chemical sources of triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate, respectively. Only N was supplied from different organic and inorganic (urea) sources. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 140-33-38 kg ha-1 of NPK for farmers’ practice, 90-15-60-12-1 kg ha-1 N, P, K, S and Zn for the variety of BRRI dhan49 and 45-9-33-9-1 kg ha-1 N, P, K, S and Zn for 3 local rice varieties. The results indicate that, BRRI dhan49 (V4) gave the highest yield (2.97 t ha-1) among the varieties. Among the local varieties Nagrasail (V3) gave the highest yield (2.24 t ha-1). In case of farmers practice, highest grain yield was obtained F4 (3.50t ha-1) followed by F1 (2.32 t ha-1). Interaction effect also revealed, the highest grain yield (3.23 t ha-1) in (V4× F4). Among the local varieties Nagrasail gave highest grain yield (2.58 t ha-1) along with F4. Farmer’s practice fertilizer management is a promising option, and Nagrasailis the best one for local T. aman cultivars cultivation in Sylhet region of Bangladesh.
Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Thiruvallur District: A Cross Sectional Hospital Based Study
Authors: Jain Prerna 
Published: April 2022

Oral health is an essential and important component that is involved in the total health and well-being of an individual. It affects various aspects of a person's health status such as the quality of life including self-esteem, ability to masticate, speak and various other levels of routine activities. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of early childhood caries in a particular district since the obtained results can serve as a guide in assessing the current practice as well as planning of additional education about early childhood caries. This prospective study was done among children in Saveetha dental college from June 2019 to December 2019. A total sample size of 181 patients were included as part of the study which consisted of both male and female participants. The inclusion criteria for the study was that the child should be within the age group of 3-6 years of age, and should be from Thiruvallur district . A total of 181 children were studied as part of the present study of 3-6 years of age out of which 92 (50.8%) candidates were males and 89 (49.2%) candidates were females. In the age groups of 3-4 years, 4-5 years and 5-6 years the number of candidates that were examined were 70 ( 38.6%), 54 ( 29.8%) and 57 (31.4%) respectively. As a conclusive aspect it is important to take care of oral health and appropriate policies are to be adopted and incorporated for the betterment of the society.
Positioning psychiatric pharmacists to improve mental health care
Authors: Dopheide Julie A. , Werremeyer Amy , Haight Robert J. , Gutierrez Cynthia A. , Williams Andrew M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Psychiatric pharmacy continues to grow and look to the future with a focus on helping individuals recover from mental health and substance use disorders. The American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists (AAPP) considers Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacist (BCPP) the gold standard credential that all psychiatric pharmacists should attain to demonstrate specialized knowledge and expertise in psychiatry. BCPPs are part of collaborative interprofessional teams and practice in hospitals, clinics, and diverse health systems. Two out of 3 BCPPs practicing in clinics have prescriptive authority. BCPPs improve access, safety, medication adherence, and therapeutic outcomes. Every person with a mental health and substance use disorder should have access to a BCPP providing comprehensive medication management (CMM) and psychotropic stewardship aimed at improving population health. BCPPs are in demand owing to their expertise. AAPP envisions growth and expansion of the BCPP role in many areas including coordinating psychiatric transitions of care and telehealth services, managing long-acting injectable medication clinics, providing pharmacogenomic consultation, conducting clozapine and lithium monitoring, managing medications for substance use disorders, leading medication groups, CNS drug development, research, and provider education. To prepare the workforce, colleges and schools of pharmacy should hire BCPPs for optimal curriculum development, and each student pharmacist should have an opportunity to develop a therapeutic alliance with a person recovering from psychiatric illness. Postgraduate year (PGY) 1 residencies should offer learning experiences in psychiatric pharmacy to prepare residents to enter an expanded number of PGY2 psychiatric pharmacy residencies, ultimately earning their BCPP and being well positioned to improve mental health care.
High Configuration Entropy Activated Lattice Oxygen for O2 Formation on Perovskite Electrocatalyst
Authors: Tang Lina , Yang Yanling , Guo Hongquan , Wang Yue , Wang Mengjie , Liu Zuoqing , Yang Guangming , Fu Xianzhu , Luo Yang , Jiang Chenxing , Zhao Yingru , Shao Zongping , Sun Yifei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe single‐phase oxides with elemental complexity and compositional diversity, usually named high entropy oxides, feature homogeneously dispersed multi‐metallic elements in equiatomic concentration. The unusual properties of high entropy oxides endow their potential application in clean‐energy‐related electrocatalysis. However, the possible fundamental relationship between configuration entropy and the underlying catalytic mechanism is still not well understood and established. Herein, a high entropy perovskite cobaltate consisting of five equimolar metals in the B‐site (Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) is employed as an electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The configuration entropy serves as an effective tool to promote the intrinsic activity of the Co reactive site and manipulate the OER mechanism. The high entropy cobaltate demonstrates a lower overpotential of 320 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, outperforming other counterparts. The X‐ray spectroscopies disclose the synergistic charge‐exchange effect among different cations and the formation of a new oxygen hole state. Combinatorially computational and experimental results unveil the enigma that the high configuration entropy leads to the random occupation of cations, facilitates the surface reconstruction, and benefits the formation of stable surface oxygen vacancies. Owing to these merits, the O2 formation is found to be kinetically favorable via the lattice oxygen mechanism.