bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methane production by anaerobic co‐digestion of dairy manure and cassava wastes for energy recovery
Authors: Martins Raissa Machado Maluf , da Fonseca Yasmim Arantes , Faria Marina Victal , de Aquino Sérgio Francisco , Adarme Oscar Fernando Herrera , Lobo Baêta Bruno Eduardo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this study, the anaerobic co‐digestion of cassava wastewater (CW), cassava bagasse (CB), and dairy manure (DM) was investigated to produce biogas with energy recovery. Mixture experimental design was performed to establish the proportion of each substrate, on the basis of total weight (%wt). The digestion was carried out under mesophilic conditions (35 °C) using a batch test.RESULTSThe best methane yields were 150.33 NmLCH4 gVS−1 (114.46 NmLCH4 gCOD−1) for the condition with 100% CW (C/N ratio = 14.04) and 130.43 normal mililiters of methane per gram of volatile solid (NmLCH4 gVS−1) and 93.84 normal mililiters of methane per gram of chemical oxygen demand (NmLCH4 gCOD−1) obtained with 66.7% DM, 16.7% CB and 16.7% CW (C/N ratio = 34.84). Experimental conditions containing high proportions of CB (above 33%) yielded high C/N ratios (above 52), resulting in low pH and high volatile fatty acid production, mainly acetic and butyric acids. Kinetics of methane production under optimal conditions were best described by Groot's multi‐stage model.CONCLUSIONAn energy balance for the best conditions were performed, leading to 452.86 MJ tonsubstrate−1 for a high DM content mixture experiment (DM = 66.7%, CB = 16.7%, CW = 16.7%); thereby showing that anaerobic co‐digestion can replace 22.5% of the energy demanded by cassava processing industry. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Role of circulating exosomal biomarkers and their diagnostic accuracy in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Sha Menazir , Kunduzi Basir , Froghi Saied , Quaglia Alberto , Davidson Brian , Fusai Giuseppe K 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimNew biomarkers have the potential to facilitate early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (PC). Circulating exosomes are cell‐derived protein complexes containing RNA that can be used as indicators of cancer development. The aim of this review is to evaluate the current literature involving PC patient groups for highly accurate exosomal biomarkers.MethodsThe literature search followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Eight‐hundred and seventy‐five studies were identified across various databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane) published between 2009 and 2020. Nine studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria: human PC patients, diagnosis as outcome of interest, serum biomarker of exosomal content, reporting of diagnostic values, and disease progress. Area under the curve (AUC) of the exosomal biomarker was compared against that of CA19‐9.ResultsNine papers were reviewed for relevant outcomes based on the inclusion criteria. These studies involved 565 participants (331 PC, 234 controls; male/female ratio 1.21; mean age 64.1). Tumor staging was reported in all studies, with 45.6% of PC patients diagnosed with early‐stage PC (T1–2). The mRNA panel (ARG1, CD63, CK18, Erbb3, GAPDH, H3F3A, KRAS, ODC1) and GPC 1 reported the highest performing sensitivity and specificity at 100% each. The microRNA panel (miR‐10b, miR‐21, miR‐30c, miR‐181a, and miR‐let7a), mRNA panel (ARG1, CD63, CK18, Erbb3, GAPDH, H3F3A, KRAS, ODC1), and GPC 1 showed a perfect AUC of 1.0. Five studies compared the AUC of the exosomal biomarker against CA19‐9, each being superior to that of CA19‐9.ConclusionThe potential of exosomal biomarkers remains promising in PC diagnosis. Standardization of future studies will allow for larger comparative analyses and overcoming contrasting findings.
Regional differences in summer monsoon precipitation variability reconstructed from multiple proxies in Asia during the past millennium
Authors: Liu Yang , Chen Jianming , Zheng Jingyun , Zhang Xuezhen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRainfall in the Asia summer monsoon (ASM) domain has a complex spatial pattern with the temporal variability at different timescales and their long‐term change has not been fully characterized. An updated 320 multiple proxies network is used to reconstruct the May–October precipitation during the past millennium for eight regions in the ASM domain. The spatial consistency of summer monsoon precipitation variability and the possible links to the internal climate oscillations are investigated. The results show that the regional precipitations over the last millennium in the ASM regions are dominated by the interannual cycle of 2–2.5a and 3.5‐5a, the decadal cycle of ~11a and 15–25a and the multidecadal cycle of ~30a and 40–80a. Coherent dry decades in different regions appear in 1100–1250, 1600–1650 and 1960–2000, while the wet decades appear in 970–990, 1330–1350, 1380–1430, 1550–1580, 1700–1780 and 1810–1910. On interannual scale, the relationships between precipitation for each region and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in both developing and decaying stages are unstable over the entire millennium, but they have opposite‐sign correlations most of the time, which implies that the summer precipitation anomaly for a region tends to reverse in the next summer when a strong ENSO event occurs in the winter. For the long‐term change from multidecadal to centennial scales, the longest dry period of the 12th to 13th centuries in eastern Asia coincides with the period with the lowest ENSO variability due to the in phase change of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, which could result in the neutral interbasin east–west cell in Tropics and low frequency of ENSO events.
Quantitative lipidomic analysis of chicken egg yolk during its formation
Authors: Wang Yi , Wang Jinqiu , Li Hanmei , Xiao Yu , Harlina Putri Widyanti , Geng Fang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe accumulation of lipids in egg yolk during its formation represents a knowledge gap between food science and animal science research to which researchers in either field have not paid sufficient attention. Therefore, the egg yolk samples during different periods of formation (yellow follicle, YF; small hierarchical follicles, SF; and the largest hierarchical follicle, LF) were prepared, and their fatty acid compositions and lipidomes were quantitatively compared.RESULTSThe fatty acid profiles and lipidomes of egg yolks at the three stages of formation were significantly different. The relative content of oleic acid and palmitic acid were increased, but that of the main polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid, linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) was decreased in the SF period to the LF period. Among the 786 lipid molecular species identified, 150 and 46 differentially abundant lipids (DALs) were identified in the pairwise comparison of YF/SF (early stage of egg yolk formation) and SF/LF (late stage of egg yolk formation), respectively. Triglycerides and diglycerides, represented by TG(14:0/18:1/20:1) and DG(18:1/18:1/0:0), were decreased, whereas free fatty acids (especially free unsaturated fatty acids) were greatly increased during yolk formation. The changes in phospholipids were complex; the relative abundance of phosphatidylcholine [represented by PC(18:0/22:5)] decreased, whereas phosphatidylethanolamine [represented by PE(18:0/18:0)] increased. In addition, the relative abundance of lysophosphatidylcholine [represented by LPC(18:1/0:0)] was increased during egg yolk formation.CONCLUSIONThe transport and accumulation of lipids into the egg yolk is dynamically adjusted during its formation, and the transport and timing of different lipid molecular species are different. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Polyacrylic Acid Copolymers as Adhesion‐Adapted Model Materials for Cleaning Tests
Authors: Höhne Susanne , Böhm Carolin , Eisenrauch Vincent , Girsule Christian , Fuchs Enrico , Mauermann Marc , Uhlmann Petra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFor cleaning tests, which are important in many industrial processes, there are no test contaminations with which geometry‐independent homogeneous films can be produced. Polymer films can fill this gap when they are able to mimic the properties of reference contaminants. For this purpose, acrylic acid (AA) copolymers are prepared by conventional atom transfer radical copolymerization and subsequent acidolysis of the tert‐butyl acrylate (tBA) prepolymers. In this way polarity and adhesion can be adjusted by the amount of carboxy groups in the polymer. Dynamic contact angle measurements show that the advancing contact angle of acrylic acid/methyl(meth)acrylate statistical copolymer layers increase with decreasing carboxy group content. Cleaning experiments show accordingly that the amount of residual polymer of coatings made from these polymers is dependent on the absolute number of adhesive carboxy groups in the polymer. Therefore, for an adaption of the polymer layers to hydrophilic reference contaminants it is necessary to incorporate additional hydrophilic monomer components into the polymers, which lead to lower contact angles but also stronger adhesion of the layers. Hence, it is shown that the chosen polymer concept is delivering the leverages to adjust the properties of appropriate test contaminants.
Global well‐posedness and finite time blow‐up for a class of wave equation involving fractionalp‐Laplacian with logarithmic nonlinearity
Authors: Boudjeriou Tahir 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the following class of wave equation involving fractionalp‐Laplacian with logarithmic nonlinearitywhere is a bounded domain with Lipschitz boundary, , , and is the critical exponent in the Sobolev inequality. First, via the Galerkin approximations, the existence of local solutions are obtained when . Next, by combining the potential well theory with the Nehari manifold, we establish the existence of global solutions when . Then, via the Pohozaev manifold, the existence of global solutions are obtained when . By virtue of a differential inequality technique, we prove that the local solutions blow‐up in finite time with arbitrary negative initial energy and suitable initial values. Moreover, we discuss the asymptotic behavior of solutions as time tends to infinity. Here, we point out that the main difficulty is the lack of logarithmic Sobolev inequality concerning fractionalp‐Laplacian.
Specialized Versus Generic Allied Health Therapy and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease Complications
Authors: Talebi Amir H. , Ypinga Jan H.L. , De Vries Nienke M. , Nonnekes Jorik , Munneke Marten , Bloem Bas R. , Heskes Tom , Ben‐Shlomo Yoav , Darweesh Sirwan K.L. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundSpecialized versus generic physiotherapy (PT) reduces Parkinson's disease (PD)–related complications. It is unclear (1) whether other specialized allied heath disciplines, including occupational therapy (OT) and speech and language therapy (S&LT), also reduce complications; (2) whether there is a synergistic effect among multiple specialized disciplines; and (3) whether each allied health discipline prevents specific complications.ObjectivesTo longitudinally assessed whether the level of expertise (specialized vs. generic training) of PT, OT, and S&LT was associated with the incidence rate of PD‐related complications.MethodsWe used claims data of all insured persons with PD in the Netherlands between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018. ParkinsonNet‐trained therapists were classified as specialized, and other therapists as generic. We used mixed‐effects Poisson regression models to estimate rate ratios adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.ResultsThe population of 51,464 persons with PD (mean age, 72.4 years; standard deviation 9.8) sustained 10,525 PD‐related complications during follow‐up (median 3.3 years). Specialized PT was associated with fewer complications (incidence rate ratio [IRR] of specialized versus generic = 0.79; 95% confidence interval, [0.74–0.83]; P < 0.0001), as was specialized OT (IRR = 0.88 [0.77–0.99]; P = 0.03). We found a trend of an association between specialized S&LT and a lower rate of PD‐related complications (IRR = 0.88 [0.74–1.04]; P = 0.18). The inverse association of specialized OT persisted in the stratum, which also received specialized PT (IRR = 0.62 [0.42–0.90]; P = 0.001). The strongest inverse association of PT was seen with orthopedic injuries (IRR = 0.78 [0.73–0.82]; P < 0.0001) and of S&LT with pneumonia (IRR = 0.70 [0.53–0.93]; P = 0.03).ConclusionsThese findings support a wider introduction of specialized allied health therapy expertise in PD care and conceivably for other medical conditions. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Gut Microbiome Analysis for Personalized Nutrition: The State of Science
Authors: Simon Marie‐Christine , Sina Christian , Ferrario Paola G. , Daniel Hannelore ,   Working Group “Personalized Nutrition” of the German Nutrition Society
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhereas most concepts of personalized nutrition (PN) in the past, included genotyping, recent years have brought new approaches that include microbiome analysis to optimize recommendations for diet and lifestyle changes. The new approach, offered by companies, that microbiome analysis provides a real benefit to either more concise recommendations or for increased compliance to PN, is largely lacking scientific validation. Although the microbiome field shows enormous proliferation, it has some major flaws that make its use in the public health domain currently critical. Starting with the quality and representative character of the stool samples, its processing and analysis as well as assembly of metagenome data and the interpretation. Moreover, there is still no consensus of what constitutes a “normal/healthy” microbiome, nor what features characterize a dysbiotic microbiome. And, based on hundreds of individual parameters and environmental factors, the intestinal microbiome shows a huge variability and consequently changing one factor—such as food intake—is likely to have a limited impact in achieving optimized health. The present review intends to summarize the state of consolidated knowledge on human gut microbiome in the context of diet and disease, its key features, and its influencing factors as well as its “add‐on” quality for PN offers.
Uncertainty‐aware physics‐driven deep learning network for free‐breathing liver fat and R2* quantification using self‐gated stack‐of‐radial MRI
Authors: Shih Shu‐Fu , Kafali Sevgi Gokce , Calkins Kara L. , Wu Holden H. 
Published: November 2022

PurposeTo develop a deep learning‐based method for rapid liver proton‐density fat fraction (PDFF) and R2* quantification with built‐in uncertainty estimation using self‐gated free‐breathing stack‐of‐radial MRI.MethodsThis work developed an uncertainty‐aware physics‐driven deep learning network (UP‐Net) to (1) suppress radial streaking artifacts because of undersampling after self‐gating, (2) calculate accurate quantitative maps, and (3) provide pixel‐wise uncertainty maps. UP‐Net incorporated a phase augmentation strategy, generative adversarial network architecture, and an MRI physics loss term based on a fat–water and R2* signal model. UP‐Net was trained and tested using free‐breathing multi‐echo stack‐of‐radial MRI data from 105 subjects. UP‐Net uncertainty scores were calibrated in a validation dataset and used to predict quantification errors for liver PDFF and R2* in a testing dataset.ResultsCompared with images reconstructed using compressed sensing (CS), UP‐Net achieved structural similarity index >0.87 and normalized root mean squared error <0.18. Compared with reference quantitative maps generated using CS and graph‐cut (GC) algorithms, UP‐Net achieved low mean differences (MD) for liver PDFF (−0.36%) and R2* (−0.37 s−1). Compared with breath‐holding Cartesian MRI results, UP‐Net achieved low MD for liver PDFF (0.53%) and R2* (6.75 s−1). UP‐Net uncertainty scores predicted absolute liver PDFF and R2* errors with low MD of 0.27% and 0.12 s−1 compared to CS + GC results. The computational time for UP‐Net was 79 ms/slice, whereas CS + GC required 3.2 min/slice.ConclusionUP‐Net rapidly calculates accurate liver PDFF and R2* maps from self‐gated free‐breathing stack‐of‐radial MRI. The pixel‐wise uncertainty maps from UP‐Net predict quantification errors in the liver.
Signal‐to‐noise ratio penalties from a loss of stimulated echoes when using slab‐selective excitation in three‐dimensional fast spin echo imaging with long echo trains
Authors: Snyder Jeff , Seres Peter , Wilman Alan H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThree‐dimensional fast spin echo imaging with long echo trains combines high resolution with reasonable acquisition times and reduced specific absorption rate due to low refocusing flip angles. Typically, an entire volume is encoded (nonselective excitation) or localization can be performed with slab select excitation, which uses a long 90° pulse for precise localization, followed by a preliminary nonselective 180° pulse bounded by spoiler gradients to destroy signal outside of the volume of interest. Subsequent flip angles in the train are nonselective and identical between the two methods. The inclusion of the initial selective pulse and spoiler gradients results in a signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) penalty for slab selection, beyond the slice‐averaging dependence, arising from a loss of stimulated echoes. SNR differences are explored using Bloch equation simulations of a T2‐weighted 96 echo train sequence with varying parameters including T2, T1, and B1+ and compared with phantom and in vivo brain, neck, and knee experiments. In vivo SNR measurements in the three regions showed a maximum decrease of selective SNR by 29% (gastrocnemius muscle), 25% (pons), and 22% (globus pallidus), despite similar experimental parameters to nonselective experiments. Decreased SNR was compounded by B1+ variation affecting prescribed flip angles with further smaller reductions with T2 and T1 times. In conclusion, the elimination of coherences via the preliminary nominal 180° pulse and spoiler gradients in addition to the extended echo timing from the long excitation pulse resulted in a reduction in SNR compared with the nonselective case. Consideration of the required SNR and chosen anatomy as well as sequence restrictions should be weighed before choosing slab‐selective excitation.
Error estimates of an operator‐splitting finite element method for the time‐dependent natural convection problem
Authors: Yang Yun‐Bo , Huang Bin‐Chao , Jiang Yao‐Lin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article, an operator‐splitting (or a fractional‐step) finite element method is proposed for the numerical solution of the time‐dependent natural convection problem. We first analyze the time‐discrete fractional‐step scheme, which decouples the considered system into three subproblems, and each subproblem can be solved more easily than the original one. Under some mild regularity assumptions, the stability and error estimates for the velocity and the temperature are established rigorously. In addition, a full discrete fractional‐step scheme based on the time‐discrete scheme is proposed and the rigorous error analysis is presented. We derive the temporal–spatial error estimates of for the velocity and the temperature in the discrete space under the constraint Δt ≥ Ch. Numerical experiments are performed to confirm the theoretical predictions and demonstrate the efficiency of the method.
Targeting histone deacetylases in testicular germ cell tumours: an encouraging treatment approach for the future†
Authors: Tavares Nuno Tiago , Henrique Rui , Jerónimo Carmen , Lobo João 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEpidrugs, specifically histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), have been increasingly used in preclinical studies for the treatment of testicular germ cell tumours (TGCTs). SINHCAF was recently described as a potential oncogene in TGCTs located on chromosome 12p, the hallmark of type II (malignant) TGCTs. The findings contribute to the field by further supporting the efficacy of HDACi in the treatment of TGCTs, promoting the design of more preclinical studies and providing the motivation for future implementation of clinical studies with these compounds. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Assembling the best of two worlds: Biomolecule‐polymer nanoparticles via polymerization‐induced self‐assembly
Authors: Shirinichi Farbod , Ibrahim Tarek , Rodriguez Mia , Sun Hao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBiomolecule‐polymer nanoparticles are recently emerging as a new class of biomolecule‐polymer conjugates. They represent promising nanomaterials in a wide range of applications including but not limited to therapeutics, drug delivery systems, antimicrobial agents, sensors, and catalysis. In the past 5 years, there has been a significant effort applied to expand the family of biomolecule‐polymer nanoparticles via polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) approach. Given the excellent functional group tolerance of PISA process which relies on controlled polymerization methods, a broad spectrum of biomolecules has been incorporated into polymer nanoparticles with various morphologies. In this mini‐review, we will highlight the biomolecule‐polymer nanoparticles that have been achieved by PISA approach, including (1) protein‐polymer nanoparticles, (2) oligopeptide‐polymer nanoparticles, (3) nucleic acid‐polymer nanoparticles, as well as (4) polysaccharide‐polymer nanoparticles. In addition, various PISA strategies based on different controlled polymerization methods will be covered. Potential applications, challenges, and future perspectives of this new library of biomolecule‐polymer conjugates are discussed. It is clear from recent research in this field that PISA represents a powerful synthetic tool towards biomolecule‐polymer nanoparticles with novel structures and properties previously inaccessible by other synthetic approaches.
Interactions of heparin derivatives with recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor: Structural stability and bioactivity effect study
Authors: Kalhor Hourieh , Abolhasani Hoda , Kalhor Reyhaneh , komeili Movahhed Tahereh , Rahimi Hamzeh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHeparin and heparan sulfate are important glycosaminoglycans that can regulate the activities of many vital proteins, especially the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. Because FGF7 (KGF) has an important role in tissue repair and maintaining the integrity of the mucosal barrier, recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor (rhKGF, palifermin) has been approved for the treatment of wound healing and oral cavity. Due to heparin plays an important role in the KGF signaling pathway, a more detailed study of the drug–drug interactions (DDIs) between rhKGF and heparin at the atomic level and investigating their synergistic effect on each other in terms of biology, especially in silico, is necessary for a better understanding of DDIs. In this study, DDIs between rhKGF and low‐molecular weight heparin types (LMWH) were investigated. In this regard, scrutiny of the influence of the synergistic heparin types on the structure and biostability of rhKGF is accomplished using computational methods such as molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations (MDs). Subsequently, the motion behavior of rhKGF in interaction with LMWHs was evaluated based on eigenvectors by using principal component analysis (PCA). Also, the binding free energies of rhKGF‐LMWH complexes were calculated by the molecular mechanics/Poisson–Boltzmann surface area (MM‐BPSA) method. The result showed that rhKGF‐idraparinux (−6.9 kcal/mol) and rhKGF‐heparin (−6.0 kcal/mol) complexes had significant binding affinity as well as they had a more stable binding to rhKGF than to other LMWH during 100 ns simulation. However, in order to confirm the curative effect of these drugs, clinical trials must be done.