bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies Regarding the Detection of Sulfonamide Residues and Evaluation of the Level of Contamination in Poultry Meat
Authors: VESA Gabriela Valentina , GHEIŢI-HEGHEDUŞ Anette Iudit , MIHAIU Marian , COLOBĂŢIU Liora Mihaela , BRATFELAN Dariana , CIOCA Ana Andreea 
Published: June 2022

The excessive or uncontrolled use of antibiotics in poultry farming can lead to contaminated food products. Subsequently, the human consumption of products contaminated with these substances increases the global phenomenon of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method suitable for the determination of sulfonamide residues in poultry meat and to check the presence of residues in random samples. The level of antimicrobial resistance was identified in order to evaluate the current stage and to estimate the tendency of this phenomenon. The HPLC method validation was performed in accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 657/2002 of 14 August 2002 Samples of fresh meat collected from a poultry slaughterhouse were analysed using the validated method in order to reveal the level of contamination. The data from EFSA was collected and analysed following the antimicrobial resistance for isolates of Salmonella spp., E. coli and Campylobacter spp. The method had good selectivity, linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99), precision (<6%), recoverybetween 97.7-109.6% and low limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) Sulfaquinoxaline residues were present in 2 samples and the level of contamination did not exceed the Maximum Residue Level (31.98 ± 5.18 µg/kg and 23.70 ± 3.84 µg/kg). The analysis of data from EFSA highlighted the general presence of antimicrobial resistance especially for the following antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. The present study brings a contribution to the process of stopping antibiotic resistance through new methods of monitorization of sulfonamide residues. The statistical data shows that there is a direct correlation between the market availability of antibiotics used in poultry farming and the occurrence of antibiotic resistance.
Determinants of Infection as Genetic Indicators in Cows Mastitis
Authors: LUNGU Bianca Cornelia , GEORGESCU Ovidiu Ionuț , TUDOR Beatrice Ana-Maria , MIRCU Calin , BARROW Paul , BRZÓSKA Hortensja Łucja , HUȚU Ioan 
Published: June 2022

The resistance to antimicrobial substances severely impacts public health and the abuse of antibiotics leads to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or the antibiotic "resistome" (Wright, 2007). Bovine mastitis is largely diagnosed in dairy farms and is caused by a variety of pathogens including Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli. AMR gene expression testing in bacteria involved in mastitis in dairy cows was performed. Milk samples were subjected to the California Mastitis Test. Positive samples were transferred using eSwab, cultured on Columbia blood agar and on MacConkey agar. The Qiagen DNeasy kit was used for DNA extraction and qPCRs were run using an Agilent thermocycler. In most of the samples tested (n = 42, from three different lactating farms), the presence of ampC (36 out of 42; 85.7%) and blaZ (95.2%), correlated with confirmed resistance to beta-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics. A variable presence of other tested AMR genes was detected, including ermB, resistance to lincosamide, macrolide (35.7%), ermC (28.6%), erythromycin resistance, mecA,methicillinresistance (42.9%), and tetK, tetracyclineresistance (78.6%). The phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance is present in dairy farms in West Romania. Multiple AMR genes were detected intested samples, with the highest resistance observed to beta-lactam antibiotics and cephalosporins.
ДУАЛИЗМ ПРАВОВОЙ ПРИРОДЫ МУЗЕЙНЫХ ПРАВ
Authors: БУРДОВА Вероника Дмитриевна 
Published: June 2022

В условиях расширения масштабов конкуренции повышается стремление производителей и продавцов привлекать к своим товарам потенциальных потребителей и поддерживать их эмоциональную привязанность. Использование предметов искусства производителями и продавцами оказывает на потребителей особое воздействие, гарантирующее мгновенный отклик за счет срабатывания эффекта узнаваемости известного шедевра. При использовании изображений музейных предметов в коммерческих целях с юридической точки зрения на практике нередко возникает множество спорных моментов, поскольку специальные императивные нормы музейного законодательства о предоставлении права использования изображений музейных предметов в коммерческой деятельности с согласия музея во многом совпадают с содержанием правомочий обладателя исключительного права на объект интеллектуальной собственности. В связи с этим автор настоящей статьи анализирует, существует ли дуализм правовой природы музейных прав и пытается найти пути его разрешения. В данной работе используются методы анализа, сравнения и обобщения. Сделан вывод о том, что музейный предмет не является объектом интеллектуальной собственности, но результат его воспроизведения можно рассмотреть в рамках законодательства в сфере интеллектуальной собственности. Результаты данного исследования могут быть использованы для проведения дальнейших научных исследований по данной проблеме и связанным с ней вопросам, в том числе в качестве теоретической основы для изучения неправомерного использования изображений произведений искусства из собраний музеев. Они также могут стать отправной точкой исследований при проработке юридических аспектов музейного законодательства и законодательства в сфере интеллектуальной собственности.
ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ: ПЕРВЫЕ ШАГИ К СУБЪЕКТНОСТИ В ПРАВЕ
Authors: ЧЕРНОУСОВ Дмитрий Анатольевич 
Published: June 2022

Статья посвящена исследованию автора о положении искусственного интеллекта в праве, продвижению его к получению субъектности в правовом поле. Кратко приведены обобщенные позиции правоведов по исследуемой теме в рамках отечественной юридической мысли, связанной с результатами интеллектуальной деятельности, а также результатами работы искусственного интеллекта и получаемыми результатами, которые могут подпадать под определение результатов интеллектуальной деятельности, охраняемых законом. Автор исследует наиболее значимые решения иностранных судов по признанию результатов работы искусственного интеллекта, произошедшие иные события и оценивает их с точки зрения присвоения феномену правосубъектности. Сделан вывод о необходимости проведения широкого круга исследований по этой теме, дискуссий о месте искусственного интеллекта в правовой системе — вплоть до проведения эксперимента по признанию результатов работы искусственного интеллекта как охраняемых с точки зрения авторского права для установления экономического эффекта. Цель автора:

исследовать движение правовой мысли в сторону признания за искусственным интеллектом правосубъектности на примере признания охраняемыми результатами интеллектуальной деятельности результатов работы программного обеспечения;
рассмотреть имеющиеся в разработке концепции наделения правосубъектностью искусственного интеллекта;
установить знаковые этапы правоприменения в рамках исследования, которые могут стать первыми вехами в становлении правосубъектности интеллектуальных программ;
сделать выводы о необходимости проведении широкого исследования для установления экономического эффекта и предложить свое видение экспериментальной проверки необходимости признания результатов работы ИИ как охраняемых результатов интеллектуальной деятельности в рамках правового поля России.
Working Capital Management and Its Impact on Profitability of Fuel & Power Industry in Bangladesh
Authors: Masum Abdullah Al , Akhter Mst. Momena 
Published: June 2022

Working capital management plays a vital role in the financial decision-making process as it is a part of investment in assets and the liquidity position as well as the profitability of the corporation irrespective of its nature. The main objective of this research is to study the impact of working capital management on company profitability in the context of the fuel and power industry in Bangladesh. For this purpose, the researchers have tried to investigate the relationship among the components of working capital management and then analyzed the impact of these components on the profitability of a sample of eight fuel and power companies listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange for a period of seven years ranging from 2005 to 2011. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics followed by Pearson’s correlation analysis to see the association between Net Operating Profitability and all the components of Working Capital Management and the impact of working capital management on company performance of the firms is tested by panel data analysis. The result shows that the Average Collection Period and Cash Conversion Cycle have a negative impact on the profitability of the firms. On the other hand, Inventory Turnover in Days and Average Payment Periods have a positive impact on profitability. Moreover, the current asset to total asset ratio and firm size have a significant effect on the firm’s profitability. The study also concludes that the fuel and power companies in Bangladesh are following a conservative working capital management policy and the firms are needed to concentrate on and improve their collection and payment policy. Furthermore, efficient management and financing of working capital can increase the operating profitability of the fuel and power companies in Bangladesh.
Association between the histopathologic findings of a zero-time biopsy and the donor kidney function 24 hours and a year after nephrectomy
Authors: Arreola Karla I. Zarco , Gonzales Israel D. Campos , Chagolla Blanca J. Martinez , Pérez Jorge A. Quiroz , Luna Luis E. Suarez 
Published: June 2022

Background: The living-donor transplantation (LDT) is essential to provide patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) a superior quality of life and improve their lifespan. Recent investigations prove that the living donors (LD) have a risk of developing CKD, without there being a way to anticipate it. The zero-time biopsies provide valuable information that may contribute to this objective since they report histopathologic findings of subclinical chronic damage. Methods: Retrospective, observational and analytical study. The information from the medical files and pathology department of LD attended at “Dr. Miguel Silva” general hospital from January 2006 to January 2018 was analyzed. The glomerular filtrate rate was obtained 24 hours and a year after nephrectomy and was estimated based on CDK-EPI. The comparison among groups was made through Mann-Whitney testing for continuous numeric. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 56 medical files were studied, 29 of which had a report of biopsy, the general prevalence of histologic anomalies was 65%. We found that those patients that showed a lower value in the GFR after 24 hours also showed lower GFR the next year, likewise a narrow and statistically significant correlation between the creatinine levels in the immediate post-operative period and the following year was found. In the same way, we found that the higher the dropping rate of GFR after 24 hours of nephrectomy, the lower the GFR a year after donation being statistically significant. It was decided to divide the sample into two groups (with and without histological alterations), it was found that a year later the GFR in the group with histological damage was less (75.6±21.7 ml/min/1.73 m2) compared to the group without damage (85.2±11.6 ml/min/1.73 m2) with a p<0.05 (Figure 4) and finally, there is association between the age group and the GFR the year after donation.Conclusions: Among the candidates for LDT, the zero-time biopsy alterations, the age >36 years, the dropping of the GFR >43%, the GFR and the creatinine levels after 24 hours of nephrectomy were associated with a reduction of the GFR the year after nephrectomy.
Research of pedagogical conditions for the development of students’ educational independence
Authors: Sadykhan Khaidarov , Azizkhoja Khaidarov , Gulnar Kylyshbayeva , Nurlan Khaidarov , Askar Mirzakhojayev , Azimkhuzha Polatov 
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this research is to seek the opinions of primary school teachers in order to investigate the pedagogical conditions for the development of educational independence of primary school students. The research was prepared in accordance with the qualitative research method. Research data were collected with a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers. The participant group of the research consists of 80 primary school teachers working in various primary schools in Kazakhstan in the 2021–2022 academic year. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the majority of primary school teachers found students’ independent learning skills partially sufficient. Primary school teachers determined the role of families in the development of students’ independent learning skills as encouraging role, directing role, participation role and modelling role. Primary school teachers determined the role of teachers in the development of students’ independent learning skills as the role of providing independent learning skills, the role of developing independent learning skills, the role of approaching the right method, the role of supporting independent learning with in-class activities and the role of implementing technology-supported activities. Primary school teachers’ suggestions for the development of pedagogical conditions for students to gain independent learning skills are divided into five categories, i.e., creating a suitable school environment, creating a suitable classroom environment, teacher–parent cooperation, organising in-service trainings for teachers and organising seminars for families.

Keywords: Independent learning, pedagogical conditions, primary school students, teacher opinions;
Changes in the education landscape caused by COVID-19: Opportunities and challenges from UAE perspective
Authors: Abdallah Asma Khaleel , Alriyami Rashid 
Published: June 2022

The study aim is to identify the opportunities for the United Arab Emirates (UAE) educational sector during COVID-19. A survey was conducted among a sample of 100 teachers from 20 UAE higher education institutions. Teachers use online learning tools that cannot fully provide the benefits of face-to-face meetings with students. The research methodology is based on primary and secondary data analysis. Teacher questionnaire was formed; it contains 9 questions on distance learning actualization in a pandemic. Only 25% of those surveyed agreed with the inclusiveness and ease of remote learning technologies use, 20% expected that after a lockdown, learning could return to the status quo; 55% disagreed that the technologies used stimulate creativity and have an evidence base. Among key findings are that almost all respondents (95%) see the necessary reform of distance education for its further adaptation in the post-COVID-19 period. The study shows a significant imperfection of the applied online learning technologies. Studies from around the world have shown that school shutdowns have had similar consequences for most education systems.

Keywords: COVID-19; education; online learning; pandemic outbreak; teaching and learning.
Interrelation of levels of mathematical literacy in conditions of distance learning
Authors: Slyamkhan Meiirbek , Ganeeva Aigul , Dorel Lea 
Published: June 2022

Mathematical literacy and knowledge play a significant role in the formation of competencies. The purpose of the study is to determine the levels of mathematical literacy and their dependence on the type of thinking and the level of creative abilities in a distance learning environment. The research objectives are as follows: assess thinking (by type) and creativity; assess mathematical literacy; and determine the relationship between the level of mathematical literacy and thinking/creativity indicators. In line with this, it was established that the ratio of the spread in the values of the dependence of mathematical literacy on the basic forms of thinking (objective, symbolic, sign) is high. In practice, the study findings can become a starting point for further research in the field of critical thinking or may be applied during the development of mathematics training courses for students.

Keywords: correlation analysis; creativity; mathematical literacy; regression analysis; school; thinking skills.
SIAKAD machine learning for correcting errors in speaking Arabic
Authors: Ritonga Mahyudin , Zulmuqim Zulmuqim , Bambang Bambang , Kurniawan Rahadian , Pahri Pahri 
Published: June 2022

Information technology provides a lot of convenience for humans in completing their tasks and getting results according to targets. In line with that, language teachers have a duty to find out the level of language skills and forms of language errors in students. Machine Learning as part of technology can be maximized to detect forms of Arabic speaking error in students. This study was conducted with a qualitative approach. Data were collected via SIAKAD machine learning containing Arabic videos. Based on the results, the SIAKAD machine learning uncovered several Arabic speaking errors such as grammar, pronunciation, shifat al-huruf, vowels, word expression, and concatenated sentences. Therefore, machine learning with various types can be maximized in Arabic learning which ultimately leads to technological developments that must be accompanied by the ability of teachers to be skilled in operationalizing technology.
Keywords: Arabic Language Education; Machine Learning; Speaking Errors
Malignant Melanoma of Anorectal: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Kusuma Muhammad Ihwan , Sampetoding Samuel , Ferdinandes Ferdinandes , Faruk Muhammad 
Published: June 2022

Introduction and importance: Occurring in only 1% of cases of anorectal malignancy, malignant melanoma generally appears in the fifth and sixth decades of life, with complaints of anorectal bleeding or pain. The prognosis is generally poor. Although anorectal melanoma currently lacks a recommended treatment, surgery alone remains the primary modality treatment, the role of adjuvant therapy is generally minimal, and survival rate improves with early diagnosis.
Presentation of case : Here, we report two cases of a rare malignant melanoma in the rectum treated with abdominoperineal resection and local excision. The first case is a 60-year-old man with a history of defecating bloody stool and the appearance of a lump on the anal opening. The abdominoperineal resection was performed followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The second case is a 51-year-old woman with a similar complaint and clinical finding with the first case. The second case was treated with a tumor excision procedure followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. However, the lump was recurrence after 7 months of prior tumor excision.

Discussion: Surgical resection of anorectal melanoma is debatable. While surgical resection is still the most common treatment option, there is no agreement on whether abdominoperineal resection or local excision is the best option. Conclusions: The abdominoperineal resection may offer a lower recurrence probability than that of tumor excision alone. However, further study is required to provide evidence-based surgical treatment
Providing Orthopaedic Care to Vulnerably Underserved Patients
Authors: Handcox Jordan E. , Saucedo James M. , Rose Ryan A. , Corley Fred G. , Brady Christina I. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Implementation of the Affordable Care Act has increased the number of Americans with health insurance. However, a substantial portion of the population is still considered underserved, including those who are uninsured, underinsured, and those who are enrolled in Medicaid. The patients frequently face substantial access-to-care issues. Many underlying social determinants of health impact this vulnerable, underserved population, and surgeons must understand the nuances of caring for the underserved. There are numerous opportunities to engage with this population, and providing care to the indigent can be rewarding for both the vulnerably underserved patient and their surgeon.
Superior Capsule Reconstruction and Lower Trapezius Transfer for Irreparable Posterior-Superior Rotator Cuff Tear
Authors: McCormick Johnathon R. , Menendez Mariano E. , Hodakowski Alexander J. , Garrigues Grant E. 
Published: June 2022

Case:
A 49-year-old right-hand-dominant male weightlifter was referred with persistent left shoulder pain, weakness, and range of motion limitations after failed arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and subsequent arthroscopic debridement for a massive posterior-superior supraspinatus and infraspinatus tear. The patient underwent a superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) with lower trapezius (LT) transfer to re-establish rotator cuff function.

Conclusion:
LT transfer in addition to SCR may be a promising modality to treat massive, irreparable posterior-superior rotator cuff tears in young adults. LT transfer can optimize external rotation, whereas SCR may more adequately address pain and forward elevation.
Generation of Cerebral Organoids with Enriched Cortical Cellular Diversity and Outer Radial Glial Cell Identity from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Elkabetz Yechiel , Arora Sneha , Balaskas Anastasios , Hernández Amèlia Aragonés , Rosebrock Daniel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cerebral organoids display broad regional heterogeneity and limited capacity to generate cortical cell diversity due to incompetent patterning signals within early developing organoid neural stem cells (NSCs). Here we describe a method to overcome this limitation by applying a short and early dual SMAD/WNT inhibition course, which results in enrichment for cortical NSCs and their progeny while suppressing non-cortical fates. The enhanced cortical cellular diversity achieved with our method is further mirrored by the facilitated emergence of outer radial glial (oRG) NSCs and appearance of molecularly distinct deep and upper layer neurons. In summary, this protocol yields cerebral organoids with considerable cortical regional homogeneity, depicting a short and early pathway Inhibition as a sufficient step for enriching towards cortical NSC identity in organoids. This protocol accompanies Rosebrock D. et al, Nature Cell Biology, 2022.