bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a simple calculation tool of dose distributions in a phantom for boron neutron capture therapy
Authors: Ishikawa Akihisa , Watanabe Kenichi , Yoshihashi Sachiko , Sakurai Yoshinori , Kumada Hiroaki , Tanaka Hiroki , Uritani Akira , Kiyanagi Yoshiaki 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A simple dose calculation tool, SiDE, was developed for dose evaluation in a water phantom for boron neutron capture therapy, which makes the calculation time much shorter compared with the conventional particle transportation Monte Carlo codes and is applicable to any type of incident neutron spectra to the phantom. As the SiDE can not only calculate quantitatively the dose distribution in the phantom but also output dose indexes such as advantage depth and peak tumor dose, a comparison between different boron neutron capture therapy neutron sources can be easily performed. Consistency with a Monte Carlo transportation code was verified through comparison with the conventional dose calculation with the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Code System, and the calculation time was nearly 1/90 in the SiDE. The dose distributions for a reactor and accelerator-based neutron sources were compared, and the differences were found to be small although large differences existed between the incident spectra.
Insulator-to-metal transition in 2H-MoTe2 flakes
Authors: Liu Wenhui , Ma Jingjing , Han Hui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Exploration of the phase transition is one of the hottest topics in condensed matter physics. In this paper, we have fabricated 2H-MoTe2 devices and investigated their magnetotransport properties. As temperature decreases, the 2H-MoTe2 flake undergoes several metal–insulator transitions, including insulator-to-metal transitions at ∼143 K and ∼36 K, respectively, and metal-to-insulator transitions at ∼109 K. In addition, these transitions are not affected by the application of external magnetic fields. The possible physical mechanisms behind these intriguing transitions originate from the electron–phonon coupling and the impurity scattering in the 2H-MoTe2 flakes.
Effects of the stepped sidewall morphology on the ON-state performance for vertical GaN trench-gate MOSFETs
Authors: Tang Wenxin , Zhou Jiaan , Yu Guohao , Wei Xing , Tang Wenbo , Zhang Li , Liu Weining , Chen Tiwei , Yu Zicheng , Wang Heng , Zhang Xiaodong , Lin Wenkui , Huang Zengli , Huang Rong , Cai Yong , Zhang Baoshun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Vertical GaN trench-gate MOSFETs with ∼130 nm stepped sidewalls in the p-GaN channel layer are studied and two significant influences have been observed compared to the devices with smooth sidewalls. The first effect is the degraded channel mobility of 14.6 cm2 (V·s)−1 to 4.5 cm2 (V·s)−1 which can be attributed to the increased probability of surface acoustic phonons scattering under inversion conditions. Another impact is that only when a drain voltage (V
DS) is applied over 30 V can the devices switch on. It can be speculated that the stepped sidewall has a horizontal channel and the transverse electric field is inadequate to drive the electrons at low V
DS. According to the investigation, when devices need to be switched at a high V
DS, the stepped sidewall morphology should be taken into consideration.
Factors Affecting Chronic Heart Failure in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease at Bhayangkara Hospital Denpasar
Authors: Lestari Santika Dewi Ni Gusti Ayu Putu , A. A. Ayu Dwi Adelia Yasmin  , Ni Made Citra Riesti Wulan  , I Gede Catur Wira Natanagara  
Published: May 2022

Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have a twofold risk of developing heart failure. A number of factors in ESRD patients are related to chronic heart failure (CHF). The intervention of cardiovascular risk factors in the early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) can reduce mortality from heart disease and slow the severity of kidney deterioration. This study aims to examine the factors that affect CHF in patients with ESRD.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic observational study of 49 patients with ESRD based on consecutive sampling. The data collected were primary and secondary data on ESRD patients at the Cardiac Polyclinic, Internal Medicine Polyclinic, and the Medical Records Unit Bhayangkara Hospital Denpasar.
Results: In this study, it was found that most patients were in the age group ≥40 years (92%) and male gender (63%). From the chi-square test analysis, it was found that the factors affecting CHF in patients with ESRD are hypertension (HT) (p-value < 0.001) with prevalence ratio (PR) 11.19 (1.69-73.92), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (p-value = 0.008) with PR 1.72 (1.18-2.51), obesity (p-value < 0.001) with PR 6.67 (2.34-18.92), and smoking (p-value = 0.027) with PR 1.6 (1.02-2.49).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the factors affecting CHF in patients with ESRD are HT, T2DM, obesity, and smoking. The results of this study are expected to be used as an illustration so that in the future, prevention can be made for factors affecting CHF in ESRD patients.
Exploration heuristics decrease during youth
Authors: Dubois Magda , Bowler Aislinn , Moses-Payne Madeleine E. , Habicht Johanna , Moran Rani , Steinbeis Nikolaus , Hauser Tobias U. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDeciding between exploring new avenues and exploiting known choices is central to learning, and this exploration-exploitation trade-off changes during development. Exploration is not a unitary concept, and humans deploy multiple distinct mechanisms, but little is known about their specific emergence during development. Using a previously validated task in adults, changes in exploration mechanisms were investigated between childhood (8-9 y/o, N = 26; 16 females), early (12-13 y/o, N = 38; 21 females), and late adolescence (16-17 y/o, N = 33; 19 females) in ethnically and socially diverse schools from disadvantaged areas. We find an increased usage of a computationally light exploration heuristic in younger groups, effectively accommodating their limited neurocognitive resources. Moreover, this heuristic was associated with self-reported, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in this population-based sample. This study enriches our mechanistic understanding about how exploration strategies mature during development.
Fenollosa and Pound
Authors: Wei Lin 
Published: May 2022

Lin Wei examines the nagging question about the extent of Pound’s authorship regarding the posthumous publication of Ernest Fenollosa’s manuscript, The Chinese Written Character as a
Medium for Poetry. Setting aside Pound’s separate preoccupation with Far Eastern culture and its influence on modernism, Wei observes how critical discussions of The Chinese Written Character can get confused, principally because Pound, not Fenollosa, is often assumed to be its author. When, after Fenollosa’s death in 1908, his widow asked Pound to edit for publication her husband’s translations and theoretical writings, Pound accepted the challenge and, through his life-long advocacy for Fenollosa’s disputed argument about the visual nature of the classical Chinese language, The Chinese Written Character has exerted an enormous influence on Western poets. Drawing on Haun Saussy’s 2008 edition of The Chinese Written Character, Wei’s essay compares that edition to earlier editions, as she analyses Pound’s method of editing, uncovers evidence of his shaping the text to fit his own poetic agenda, and deconstructs Pound’s theory as an author/editor. Adopting an approach from Walter Benjamin’s “The Ways of the Translator,” Wei raises important cross-cultural questions, not only about how Pound “edits” others’ texts, but about the art of translation itself.
The Genealogy of the China Cantos
Authors: Su Kent 
Published: May 2022

Kent Su looks into The Cantos to examine how Pound’s reading of contemporary accounts of Chinese history from a Confucian perspective helped to shape his method for Cantos 52–61, the sequence known as the Chinese Cantos or China Cantos. Following his own dictum in ABC of Reading, “DICHTEN = CONDENSARE” (which Su describes as a “principle of lean philosophical economy”), Pound in the 1930s used the approach of “condensing some historical facts” to capture the pith and gist of ancient Chinese history, an approach Pound also attributes to Mussolini. Readers know that for these Cantos Pound drew from the French text of Joseph-Anne-Marie de Moyriac de Mailla’s 11-volume Histoire générale de la Chine, but Su demonstrates how Pound also made significant use of the two Chinese texts that served as the basis for de Mailla’s Histoire, namely, Sima Guang’s Zizhi Tongjian and Zhu Xi’s Tongjian Gangmu, the latter a condensation of Guang’s 20-volume history. Su further contrasts the influences of Greek philosophy and Confucianism on Pound, as he offers analyses the complex cross-cultural sources of the China Cantos.
The Poetics of Queering Translation in Ezra Pound’s Homage to Sextus Propertius
Authors: Bancroft Christian 
Published: May 2022

Christian Bancroft adopts the approach of “queering translation” to Pound’s controversial renderings of the Latin poetry of Sextus Propertius in Homage to Sextus Propertius. Based on the work of William Spurlin and others, Bancroft clarifies that, as a methodology, queering translation does not merely concern the translation of a queer writer from one language to another but, more pointedly, involves “the heterogeneity that exists between languages: a space of indeterminacy that includes the untranslatable,” as it “emphasizes the nebulous, the ambiguous, multiplicities, heterogeneities, femininities, masculinities, as well as the sexual, gendered, cultural, and historical differences between languages.” Bancroft’s application of queer theory provides a new reading of Homage, a sequence discussed less often than Mauberley, by way of addressing ongoing issues in both modernist studies and Pound’s methods of “translation.” He examines Pound’s specific choices of translated terms, such as Pound rendering Graios orgia as “Grecian orgies” (instead of the more accurate phrase, “mysteries or sacred rites”), in order to substitute modern idioms and convey Propertius’s humor. For Bancroft, such wordplay “foreignizes the text, disengaging the power relations that would otherwise threaten to domesticate the linguistic and cultural difference of the source text.”
Nobeyama Survey of Inward Motions toward Cores in Orion Identified by SCUBA-2
Authors: Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Yeh You-Ting , Hirano Naomi , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Liu Tie , Dutta Somnath , Sahu Dipen , Evans II Neal J. , Juvela Mika , Yi Hee-Weon , Lee Jeong-Eun , Sanhueza Patricio , Li Shanghuo , Eden David , Kim Gwanjeong , Lee Chin-Fei , Wu Yuefang , Kim Kee-Tae , Tóth L. Viktor , Choi Minho , Kang Miju , Thompson Mark A. , Fuller Gary A. , Li Di , Wang Ke , Sakai Takeshi , Kandori Ryo , Hsu Shih-Ying , Chiong Chau-Ching ,   JCMT Large Program “SCOPE” collaboration,   “ALMASOP” collaboration
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, 36 cores (30 starless and six protostellar) identified in Orion were surveyed to search for inward motions. We used the Nobeyama 45 m radio telescope, and mapped the cores in the J = 1 → 0 transitions of HCO+, H13CO+, N2H+, HNC, and HN13C. The asymmetry parameter δV, which was the ratio of the difference between the HCO+ and H13CO+ peak velocities to the H13CO+ line width, was biased toward negative values, suggesting that inward motions were more dominant than outward motions. Three starless cores (10% of all starless cores surveyed) were identified as cores with blue-skewed line profiles (asymmetric profiles with more intense blueshifted emission), and another two starless cores (7%) were identified as candidate blue-skewed line profiles. The peak velocity difference between HCO+ and H13CO+ of them was up to 0.9 km s−1, suggesting that some inward motions exceeded the speed of sound for the quiescent gas (∼10–17 K). The mean of δV of the five aforementioned starless cores was derived to be −0.5 ± 0.3. One core, G211.16−19.33North3, observed using the Atacama Compact Array of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array in DCO+
J = 3 → 2 exhibited blue-skewed features. Velocity offset in the blue-skewed line profile with a dip in the DCO+
J = 3 → 2 line was larger (∼0.5 km s−1) than that in HCO+
J = 1 → 0 (∼0.2 km s−1), which may represent gravitational acceleration of inward motions. It seems that this core is at the last stage in the starless phase, judging from the chemical evolution factor version 2.0 (CEF2.0).
Dependence of X
CO on Metallicity, Intensity, and Spatial Scale in a Self-regulated Interstellar Medium
Authors: Hu 胡 Chia-Yu 家瑜 , Schruba Andreas , Sternberg Amiel , van Dishoeck Ewine F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We study the CO(1–0)-to-H2 conversion factor (X
CO) and the line ratio of CO(2–1)-to-CO(1–0) (R
21) across a wide range of metallicity (0.1 ≤ Z/Z
⊙ ≤ 3) in high-resolution (∼0.2 pc) hydrodynamical simulations of a self-regulated multiphase interstellar medium. We construct synthetic CO emission maps via radiative transfer and systematically vary the observational beam size to quantify the scale dependence. We find that the kpc-scale X
CO can be overestimated at low Z if assuming steady-state chemistry or assuming that the star-forming gas is H2 dominated. On parsec scales, X
CO varies by orders of magnitude from place to place, primarily driven by the transition from atomic carbon to CO. The parsec-scale X
CO drops to the Milky Way value of

2
×

10

20

cm

−
2

K

km

s

−
1

−
1

once dust shielding becomes effective, independent of Z. The CO lines become increasingly optically thin at lower Z, leading to a higher R
21. Most cloud area is filled by diffuse gas with high X
CO and low R
21, while most CO emission originates from dense gas with low X
CO and high R
21. Adopting a constant X
CO strongly over- (under-)estimates H2 in dense (diffuse) gas. The line intensity negatively (positively) correlates with X
CO (R
21) as it is a proxy of column density (volume density). On large scales, X
CO and R
21 are dictated by beam averaging, and they are naturally biased toward values in dense gas. Our predicted X
CO is a multivariate function of Z, line intensity, and beam size, which can be used to more accurately infer the H2 mass.
Using Statistical Emulation and Knowledge of Grain-surface Diffusion for Bayesian Inference of Reaction Rate Parameters: An Application to a Glycine Network
Authors: Heyl Johannes , Holdship Jonathan , Viti Serena 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThere exists much uncertainty surrounding interstellar grain-surface chemistry. One of the major reaction mechanisms is grain-surface diffusion for which the binding energy parameter for each species needs to be known. However, these values vary significantly across the literature which can lead to debate as to whether or not a particular reaction takes place via diffusion. In this work we employ Bayesian inference to use available ice abundances to estimate the reaction rates of the reactions in a chemical network that produces glycine. Using this we estimate the binding energy of a variety of important species in the network, by assuming that the reactions take place via diffusion. We use our understanding of the diffusion mechanism to reduce the dimensionality of the inference problem from 49 to 14, by demonstrating that reactions can be separated into classes. This dimensionality reduction makes the problem computationally feasible. A neural network statistical emulator is used to also help accelerate the Bayesian inference process substantially. The binding energies of most of the diffusive species of interest are found to match some of the disparate literature values, with the exceptions of atomic and diatomic hydrogen. The discrepancies between these two species are related to the limitations of the physical and chemical models. However, the use of a dummy reaction of the form H + X⟶HX is found to somewhat reduce the discrepancy with the binding energy of atomic hydrogen. Using the inferred binding energies in the full gas–grain version of UCLCHEM results in almost all the molecular abundances being recovered.
A Simulation-driven Deep Learning Approach for Separating Mergers and Star-forming Galaxies: The Formation Histories of Clumpy Galaxies in All of the CANDELS Fields
Authors: Ferreira Leonardo , Conselice Christopher J. , Kuchner Ulrike , Tohill Clár-Bríd 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Being able to distinguish between galaxies that have recently undergone major-merger events, or are experiencing intense star formation, is crucial for making progress in our understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxies. As such, we have developed a machine-learning framework based on a convolutional neural network to separate star-forming galaxies from post-mergers using a data set of 160,000 simulated images from IllustrisTNG100 that resemble observed deep imaging of galaxies with Hubble. We improve upon previous methods of machine learning with imaging by developing a new approach to deal with the complexities of contamination from neighboring sources in crowded fields and define a quality control limit based on overlapping sources and background flux. Our pipeline successfully separates post-mergers from star-forming galaxies in IllustrisTNG 80% of the time, which is an improvement by at least 25% in comparison to a classification using the asymmetry (A) of the galaxy. Compared with measured Sérsic profiles, we show that star-forming galaxies in the CANDELS fields are predominantly disk-dominated systems while post-mergers show distributions of transitioning disks to bulge-dominated galaxies. With these new measurements, we trace the rate of post-mergers among asymmetric galaxies in the universe, finding an increase from 20% at z = 0.5 to 50% at z = 2. Additionally, we do not find strong evidence that the scattering above the star-forming main sequence can be attributed to major post-mergers. Finally, we use our new approach to update our previous measurements of galaxy merger rates


=
0.022
±
0.006
×

(
1
+
z
)

2.71
±
0.31

.
Reduced Atmospheres of Post-impact Worlds: The Early Earth
Authors: Itcovitz Jonathan P. , Rae Auriol S. P. , Citron Robert I. , Stewart Sarah T. , Sinclair Catriona A. , Rimmer Paul B. , Shorttle Oliver 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Impacts may have had a significant effect on the atmospheric chemistry of the early Earth. Reduced phases in the impactor (e.g., metallic iron) can reduce the planet’s H2O inventory to produce massive atmospheres rich in H2. While previous studies have focused on the interactions between the impactor and atmosphere in such scenarios, we investigate two further effects: (1) the distribution of the impactor’s iron inventory during impact between the target interior, target atmosphere, and escaping the target; and (2) interactions between the post-impact atmosphere and the impact-generated melt phase. We find that these two effects can potentially counterbalance each other, with the melt–atmosphere interactions acting to restore reducing power to the atmosphere that was initially accreted by the melt phase. For a ∼1022 kg impactor, when the iron accreted by the melt phase is fully available to reduce this melt, we find an equilibrium atmosphere with H2 column density ∼104 moles cm−2 (pH2 ∼ 120 bars, X
H2 ∼ 0.77), consistent with previous estimates. However, when the iron is not available to reduce the melt (e.g., sinking out in large diameter blobs), we find significantly less H2 (7 × 102 − 5 × 103 moles cm−2, pH2 ≲ 60 bars, X
H2 ≲ 0.41). These lower H2 abundances are sufficiently high that species important to prebiotic chemistry can form (e.g., NH3, HCN), but sufficiently low that the greenhouse heating effects associated with highly reducing atmospheres, which are problematic to such chemistry, are suppressed. The manner in which iron is accreted by the impact-generated melt phase is critical in determining the reducing power of the atmosphere and resolidified melt pool in the aftermath of impact.
Identifying and Responding to the Sexual Reproductive Health Needs of Women with Heart Disease
Authors: Kohan Shahnaz , Movahedi Minoo , Sadeghi Masoumeh , Nekuei Nafisehsadat 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Recognizing the needs of women with heart disease in the field of reproductive health and meeting them can reduce the related complications. The aim of this study was to identify the sexual and reproductive health needs of these women.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was conducted with qualitative approach (Content analysis). Ten married women of reproductive age with heart disease and 20 providers and managers in, Isfahan, Iran, were selected by using purposive and snowball methods (in 2020). The research setting included heart disease clinics, offices of health team, comprehensive health centers, and the Isfahan Maternal Health Department. Data were collected by semi-structured individual face-to-face interviews in the clinic or other appropriate locations. Some interviews were conducted virtually. Analysis was performed by Qualitative contentment analysis / Conventional content analysis.

Results:
Sexual and reproductive health needs of women with heart disease were emerged in five main categories, “planned childbearing,” “ssociocultural support,” “Early reproductive health care of girls,” “health team attention to sexual health,” and “health system revision.”

Conclusions:
Providing comprehensive reproductive health services before and during pregnancy, family planning, and sexual health for women with heart disease is necessary. It seems that using a multidisciplinary team approach could improve their reproductive health.
The Lived Experiences of Iranian Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Jahani Simin , Haghighi Shayesteh , Ansari Somayeh , Rajaei Elham , Sayadi Neda 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects various systems of the body. The present study was conducted with the aim to explain the lived experiences of Iranian patients with RA.

Materials and Methods:
According to the research question, the phenomenological research approach was used. The participants were selected through purposive sampling, and sampling was continued until data saturation was achieved. The data was collected by conducting unstructured interviews and using an audio recorder. To interpret the data, an interpretive/hermeneutic approach was implemented using Van Manen's method. In addition, Lincoln and Guba's criteria were used to evaluate data robustness.

Results:
A total of 24 participants participated in the study. Overall, 145 basic concept codes were extracted which were classified into the four main themes of self-management with the participation of the family, spiritual resilience in the face of existing problems, the tendency to hide the disease, and the fear of an uncertain future.

Conclusions:
It is recommended that care providers use the findings of this study to develop care plans in the various aspects of the physical, mental, social, and spiritual needs of patients with RA based on their concerns and deep experiences. It is also suggested that other qualitative research approach methodologies such as grounded theory for explaining the process of patient care and providing an appropriate model, or action research for solving the problems of hospitalized patients through suitable care at home be implemented.