bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in children with delayed mental and speech development associated with focal temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Sergeev Artur M. , Pozdnyakov Alexander V. , Grechaniy Severin V. , Atamanova Elina E. , Pozdnyakova Olga F. , Shokin Oleg V. , Polishchuk Vladimir I. 
Published: April 2022

Background. The delays in mental and speech development are caused by epilepsy, and a special place among the forms of which is focal temporal epilepsy. The study of biomarkers of the considered pathological condition using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy as indicators amenable to objective assessment and measurement determines the practical relevance of this work.
Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the role and place of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in clinical practice in children with mental and speech retardation associated with temporal lobe epilepsy.
Materials and methods. 37 children aged 2 to 10 years were studied. Of these, 15 children with a diagnosis of mental and speech development delay, structural focal temporal epilepsy were included in the first comparison group. The second comparison group consisted of 12 children without CNS pathology undergoing 1H-MRI examination to exclude somatic diseases. The third comparison group consisted of 10 children with structural focal temporal epilepsy, without mental and speech development delay.
Discussion. Multivoxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (method PRESS) was used to determine the concentration of neurometabolites in the brain tissues of patients. In patients with mental and speech development delay associated with temporal epilepsy, a decrease in the ratio of NAA/Cr concentrations (p 0.05) was revealed in the postcentral gyrus on the right, temporal lobe on the right and hippocampus and inner capsule on both sides, due to a decrease in the concentration of N-acetylaspartate; an increase in the ratio of Cho/Cr concentrations (p 0.05) in the prefrontal cortex, postcentral gyrus and inner capsule on both sides, due to an increase in the concentration of choline. Two patients also showed lipid peaks on the lesion side when compared with EEG data.
Conclusions. The revealed metabolic changes in patients with delayed mental and speech development associated with temporal lobe epilepsy may be useful as an additional method of differential diagnosis with other forms of mental and speech development delay.
The effect of acute mental stress on the exchange of monoamines in the mesocortical and nigrostriatal systems of the rat brain
Authors: Bychkov Eugenii R. , Karpova Inessa V. , Tsikunov Sergey G. , Krytskaya Darya V. , Lebedev Andrei A. , Tissen Ilya Yu. , Pyurveev Sarng Sanalovich , Shabanov Petr D. 
Published: April 2022

Background. Мesocortical and nigrostriatal dopaminergic systems are highly sensitive to stressful events. One of the most adequate models of acute psychogenic stress in animals is the death of a partner upon presentation of a predator.
Aim. To study the content of dopamine (DA), serotonin and their metabolites: dioxyphenylacetic (DOPAC), homovanillic and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic (5-HIAA) acids in the prefrontal cortex, striatum, and ventral tegmental area in rats on days 3, 7, and 14 after the acute psychogenic stress of the death of a partner upon presentation of a predator.
Materials and methods. 28 male Wistar rats were studied. Acute single psychotraumatic situation was used. A group of rats was placed in a tiger python terrarium. One animal died as a result of its nutritional needs, the rest of the rats experienced the death of a partner. The content of monoamines in the brain structures was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.
Results. Changes in the content of monoamines in the prefrontal cortex, striatum, and ventral tegmental area were found on the 7 and 14 days after the presentation of the predator. In the ventral tegmental area on the 7 day, there was an increase in the DOPAC/DA ratio and an increase in the serotonin metabolite 5-HIAA, which reflects an increase in the activity of dopamine and serotonin. In the prefrontal cortex on the 14 day, the DOPAС content and the DOPAС/DA index decreased. The 5-HIAA content in the prefrontal cortex and the 5-HIAA/5-HT value also significantly decreased.
Conclusions. Changes in the metabolism of monoamines after presentation of a predator develop gradually: increase of the dopamine and serotonin activity in the ventral tegmental area was noted on the 7 day after presentation of the predator, decrease in their activity in the striatum and prefrontal cortex only on the 14 day, reflecting the development of depressive states and post-traumatic stress disorder.
Impact of low cost data & calling in telecom services on the lifestyle of students
Authors: Yadav Varun 
Published: April 2022

In the course of recent years there is an upsurge of utilization of web on cell phones in human existence. Web clients can speak with any piece of globe, to shop on the web, to involve it as a mean of schooling, to work from a distance and to manage monetary exchanges. Web get its own upheaval human everyday existence (science, training, data, diversion) taking out the distances and offering prompt and effectively admittance to data and correspondence. The endless conceivable outcomes that are advertisedWe are directing an observational review among 200 understudies to discover the effect of minimal expense information and approaching the way of life of understudies. The review is led over a term of 90 days. The paper manages the recent concern of way of life change related with accessibility of web for minimal price. It endeavors to sum up key useful result for understudies just as some significant ominous results. Observational Study.
Impact of liquidity and profitability on share price: An analysis of Indian cement companies
Authors: Panigrahi Ashok , Vachhani Kushal , Sisodia Mohit 
Published: April 2022

: All of the choices made in the workplace concerning cash, receivables, inventory, and payables influence how a corporation maintains its liquidity level. Liquidity plays a vital role in the successful functioning of every business. The important part in managing working capital is maintaining liquidity on a day-to-day basis to ensure the smooth running of the organisation and to meet its obligations. Hence, it is very important to keep a close eye on the liquidity position of the company as without it, the company cannot survive. But efforts to increase the profitability would tend to reduce firms' liquidity and too much attention on liquidity would tend to affect profitability. No doubt, every firm tries to maximise profitability by maintaining liquidity. But the question arises, is it the liquidity or profitability that helps in maximizing shareholder’s wealth by increasing the share price of Indian cement companies? Hence, the study is aimed to understand the impact of liquidity and profitability on the share price of Indian cement companies.: To determine wheather investors in the cement sector should prefer companies those are liquid or profitable, we applied the t-test, correlation test, and the resultant p-value. It is found that, having a quicker cash conversion cycle (CCCy) increases the company's market value indicating that, higher the liquidity, more is the chances that the share price may go up.: It is found that the profitability in cement companies isn't as high as the company's ability to pay its debts, i.e. liquidity. In other words, the liquidity of Indian cement companies are more and the profitability is less, and the market value of a firm rises in tandem with the growth in its liquidity. Moreover, when the market value grows, the CCC decreases, whereas the economic value added (EVA) increases.: Prior studies reveal that the working capital requirements of Indian cement companies are much more as compared to other industries. Although low operational cash affects the daily operations of the business, excess working capital usage will harm the firm's profitability. Hence, the question, why do Indian cement businesses need so much of working capital? This study's purpose was to answer it. The findings of this research states that, companies believe that maintaining liquidity will increase their share price.: Conceptual Research
Variabilidad morfo-agronómica en genotipos de arroz en el Pacífico Central, Costa Rica
Authors: Zuniga Orozco Andres , Carrodeguas González Ayerin 
Published: April 2022

El arroz (Oryza sativa L.) está incluido en la dieta alimenticia diaria del 75% de la población mundial. En Costa Rica, el sector arrocero es un eje fundamental de atención, particularmente porque es el principal producto dentro de la canasta básica alimentaria. Estudiar la variabilidad morfo-agronómica de este cereal es un factor clave para planificar estrategias de mejoramiento genético. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar cuáles son los caracteres morfo-agronómicos que tiene un mayor aporte a la variabilidad genética en 54 líneas de arroz. Las líneas evaluadas provienen de una colección del banco de germoplasma del CIAT de Colombia, estas fueron enviadas a Costa Rica a través de la Corporación Nacional Arrocera (CONARROZ). Se midieron siete variables morfológicas cuantitativas y cinco cualitativas. Para las cuantitativas, se calculó el coeficiente de variación y se realizó un Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA), así como un Análisis de Agrupamiento. Con las cualitativas se realizó un Análisis de Correspondencia Múltiple (MCA). Las variables cuantitativas más heterogéneas según los valores del coeficiente de variación fueron: toneladas por hectárea, tallos fértiles, y granos llenos por panícula. El PCA demostró que todas las variables, excepto la altura de la planta, aportaron a la varianza total, y el MCA sugiere que las variables cualitativas medidas en esta investigación, son discriminatorias para diferenciar genotipos. No se observó correlación entre las variables cuantitativas estudiadas. En el análisis de agrupamiento se obtuvo cuatro grupos de los cuales, uno de ellos abarcó la mayoría de los genotipos. Los genotipos de este último grupo se caracterizan por poseer altos valores para la variable granos llenos por panícula y valores medios y altos para el resto de las variables. Los resultados obtenidos son útiles para elegir las variables adecuadas para la selección. El análisis de conglomerados permitió establecer la relación filogenética entre las líneas para la planificación de futuros cruzamientos.
BUILDING AWARENESS TO PREVENT DHF THROUGH SOCIALIZATION, JUMANTIC TRAINING, AND ERADICATION OF MOSQUITO NESTS IN CANDIREJO, BLITAR
Authors: Imro'ah Sangidatul , Fitria Dian , Hasanatuludhhiyah Nurina 
Published: April 2022

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a dangerous disease that may cause death within a short time and spread quickly. East Java is the province with the second-highest number of dengue cases in Indonesia. Blitar is one of the contributors to the high number of cases in East Java, with a CFR of 1.2% and Ponggok sub-district is one of the dengue-prone areas. Programs that have been promoted by the government are the 3M Plus Movement and the Eradication of Mosquito Nests (PSN). However, dengue disease still occurs every year because the community lacks the awareness to run these programs regularly and continuously. The purpose of community service through the 65th Airlangga University KKN-BBM program in the Health Sector were 1) increasing knowledge and awareness about DHF disease and its prevention, 2) improving skills in monitoring larvae independently, 3) reducing dengue transmission rates and improving the environmental health of the Candirejo Village community. The method used were the dissemination of knowledge about DHF and its prevention along with jumantik and PSN 3M Plus training. The target of this activity was elementary school students and the surrounding community. The results of the evaluation showed that there were differences in the level of knowledge before and after the socialization of DHF. In addition, the jumantik training was able to encourage students to independently carry out larvae monitoring. The community actively participated and was very enthusiastic in the implementation of PSN. Overall, all the programs carried out are appropriate, easy, and effective ways to prevent DHF.
Flavonoids as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection: <i>in silico</i> study
Authors: Taldaev A. Kh. , Terekhov R. P. , Selivanova I. A. 
Published: April 2022

Background. SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has one of the largest genomes. It encodes 16 non-structural proteins that are necessary for replicating and overcoming host defense mechanisms. Flavonoids are of interest as research objects in developing drugs for comprehensive COVID-19 therapy. This group of compounds is characterized by a wide range of biological activity and a high safety profile.Aim. To perform virtual screening of flavonoids for possible inhibition of proteins of the SARS-CoV-2 infection.Materials and methods. Structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 infection, such as ADP-binding domain NSP3, main protease NSP5, RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase NSP12, and endoribonuclease NSP15, were obtained from Protein Data Bank (PDB). Flavonoid structures were obtained from the ZINC database. Protein models were processed using AutoDockTools software, and ligands were processed in Raccoon | AutoDock VS. Virtual screening and re-docking were performed in AutoDock Vina.Results. Validation showed agreement between native and re-docked conformations, indicating the applicability of the virtual screening method. Flavonoids interacted with the key amino acid residues in all the studied proteins. The highest binding energy was demonstrated by 3,7-dihydroxyflavone and 6S-coccineone B, the latter having a multimodal effect.Conclusion. The results of the study may be used for the development of phytomedicines for comprehensive therapy for COVID-19.
Ulcerative colitis: focus on colonic mucosal resistance
Authors: Livzan M. A. , Bicbavova G. R. , Romanyuk A. E. 
Published: April 2022

In recent decades, following cooperation between scientists in various specialties, new unique data on the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis have been obtained. The role of an impaired immune response to antigens of gut microbiota in genetically predisposed individuals under the effect of certain environmental factors was proven. Assessing the interaction between the colonic mucosa and gut microbiota will help to understand the mechanisms of ulcerative colitis and develop new treatment strategies for the disease.This review presents modern views on the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis with a focus on the imbalance between local protective and aggressive factors of the gastric and intestinal mucosa. The structure and role of the epithelial barrier both under normal conditions and in ulcerative colitis are considered in detail.The aim of this review was to summarize the data on resistance of the colonic mucosa and its damage in ulcerative colitis.
Study of the effectiveness of ventriculosubarachnoid drainage in neonatal hydrocephalus according to the data of the Republic of Crimea for the period 2000–2018
Authors: Volkodav O. V. , Zinchenko S. A. , Khachatryan V. A. 
Published: April 2022

Despite the achieved success in the treatment of neonatal hydrocephalus, the task of restoring circulation, outflow, and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) remains urgent.The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of ventriculosubarachnoid drainage in compensating hydrocephalus without shunt implantation.Materials and methods. We collected and studied clinical material for the period from 2000 to 2018 according to the data of the Republic of Crimea. We identified groups of premature (n = 184) and full-term (n = 107) infants who underwent standard treatment with lumbar puncture, subgaleal drainage, and ventriculoperitoneal shunting (VPS). In case of ventricular occlusion in 143 premature and 46 full-term infants, at the initial stage of treatment, the option of coronary – lambdoid subarachnoid ventriculostomy (RF Patent No. 2715535) in combination with lumbar punctures was included. With progression of hydrocephalus, ventriculosubarachnoid stenting (RF Patent No. 2721455) with subgaleal drainage was considered as an option.Results. The inclusion of the proposed options made it possible to increase the rate of hydrocephalus compensation without VPS to 75.5% in premature infants and to 80.4% in full-term infants versus 28.3% and 20.6%, respectively, according to the standard protocol (p < 0.001). In other cases, the imbalance between CSF production and absorption persisted, which required integration of a stent with a peritoneal part of the shunt, without replacing the system.Conclusion. The obtained result allows to consider the inclusion of the proposed options in the modern treatment algorithm for neonatal hydrocephalus.
The problem of multimorbidity in a modern therapeutic clinic
Authors: Sevostyanova E. V. , Nikolaev Yu. A. , Polyakov V. Ya. 
Published: April 2022

A review of modern studies on the problem of multimorbidity, its definition, frequency of occurrence, prevalence, medical and social consequences, factors predisposing to its formation, and approaches to diagnosis, therapy, and rehabilitation is presented. According to modern understanding, multimorbidity is the presence of two and / or more chronic diseases that are pathogenetically interconnected and / or coincide in time in one patient.Currently, multimorbidity is becoming an epidemic, affecting people of different ages and gender and with various diseases. The literature describes multiple adverse medical and social consequences of multimorbidity, such as increased rates of hospitalization, disability, and mortality, decreased functional capabilities and quality of life in patients, as well as increased volume, timing, and cost of medical care. Today, issues of the unified terminology, identification of multimorbidity, and the structure and clinical manifestations of associated pathology are being studied. There are single works on the study of possible factors contributing to the formation of multimorbidity. Approaches to management of patients in conditions of multimorbidity are being developed. A more detailed study of the mechanisms of multimorbidity formation and common pathogenetic links of associated diseases will make it possible to develop more effective strategies for the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of multimorbid patients.
Dynamic changes in the tumor microenvironment under the effect of estradiol as a diagnostic tool and target for targeted cancer therapy
Authors: Stukan A. I. , Goryainova A. Yu. , Meshcheryakov A. A. , Porkhanov V. A. , Murashko R. A. , Sharov S. V. , Bodnya V. N. 
Published: April 2022

Activation of the estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) signaling pathway is a significant factor in the initiation of carcinogenesis in various types of tumors due to the genomic and non-genomic effects of estradiol in cancer cells. However, data on the expression of ER-α and aromatase on stromal and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) point to an additional mechanism by which estrogens increase tumor malignancy. There is growing evidence that TME can affect tumor immunity by increasing the immune response or reducing immunoreactivity.The important role of estrogen and the estrogen receptor signaling pathway in the response of the tumor microenvironment in cancer of various localizations, not only classical hormone-dependent cancers, has been proven. However, the clinical effectiveness of blocking the effect of estrogen on tumor growth has been primarily shown in cancer of the female reproductive system. At the same time, data on the significant role of TME in the development of endocrinotherapy resistance in breast cancer treatment are of great interest.Despite the possibilities of standard therapy, a more in-depth study on the role of various TME components in cancer evolution, creation of a micrometastatic niche, as well as in the response to therapy may result in development of new strategies for cancer treatment. It is also necessary to study the possibilities of overcoming the immunosuppressive effect of the estrogen receptor signaling pathway on TME in order to increase the survival rates in patients with hormone-dependent cancers, particularly, breast cancer.
A clinical case of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy in a 9-year-old boy
Authors: Girsh Ya. V. , Yakimova K. A. 
Published: April 2022

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy belongs to peroxisomal disorders characterized by combined damage to the nervous system and adrenal glands and often leading to death. This hereditary disease results in mutations in the ABCD1 gene, leading to ineffective β-oxidation of fatty acids following a decrease in the activity of acetyl-CoA synthetase of their long chains. Accumulation of acyl-CoA derivatives of fatty acids takes place, which affect the physicochemical properties of cell membranes.We have described a clinical case of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy in a 9-year-old boy with the primary manifestation of the disease at the age of 7 years and 10 months in form of enterovirus encephalitis.Early diagnosis, prenatal screening of adrenoleukodystrophy for performing gene-specific therapy, slowing the progression of the disease, and prolonging the life of the patient with the diagnosis of a rare hereditary disease are required.
The impact of affective disorders on self-assessment of the quality of life in patients with chronic coronary artery disease
Authors: Lebedeva E. V. , Schastnyу E. D. , Nonka T. G. , Nalesnik E. O. , Surovtseva A. K. , Vasilieva S. N. , Repin A. N. 
Published: April 2022

Aim. To determine the differences in self-assessment of social functioning by patients with chronic coronary artery disease (CAD), depending on the presence of comorbid affective disorders (ADs).Materials and methods. Using the Social Adaptation Self-Evaluation Scale (SASS), which makes it possible to assess the degree of social functioning and satisfaction with various aspects of social life, we studied the features of the social functioning of heart hospital patients with chronic CAD with (n = 248) and without AD (n = 291). In 290 patients (average age 56.6 ± 6.7 years) with chronic CAD, chronic ADs (45%) were revealed; depressive episodes (DEs) were diagnosed for the first time in 24% of patients, and 24.5% of patients had recurrent DEs. Bipolar disorder was found in 6.5% of cases. Qualitative and quantitative parameters were investigated using the Mann – Whitney U test and Student’s t-test. To assess the frequencies, the Pearson’s chi-squared test was used.Results. The mean total SASS score in the patients with chronic CAD with AD corresponded to difficult social adaptation (33.7 [29.5; 39]), while the patients without AD had good social adaptation score of 40.8 ± 6.3 (p < 0.05). In the group without AD, patients with normal social adaptation prevailed (n = 215; 73.8%), while patients with AD more often had difficulties with social adaptation (n = 148; 59.7%). In the CAD patients, depending on the presence of AD, the frequency of disturbances in various spheres of social adaptation differed: employment, interest in and pleasure from activities, disposition of income, pleasure from and interest in seeking information, social support (p = 0.001).Conclusion. Higher frequency of pronounced impairment in social functioning in patients with chronic CAD with AD determines the need for taking this fact into consideration when planning rehabilitation measures in this group of patients.