bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Krebsrisiko bei Prädiabetes und Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus
Authors: Scherübl Hans 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungKrebs ist nun die führende Todesursache bei Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus (T2D). Prädiabetes und T2D erhöhen das Risiko für bestimmte Tumoren. Zu den Prädiabetes- bzw. T2D-assoziierten Malignomen zählen gastrointestinale, gynäkologische, urologische und endokrine Karzinome aber auch Leukämien. Prädiabetes und T2D bedingen eine 1,2- bis 2,7-fach erhöhte Krebssterblichkeit. Zugrundeliegende Mechanismen der Assoziation zwischen T2D und Krebs beinhalten die chronische Hyperglykämie, einen chronischen systemischen Entzündungszustand, oxidativen Stress, Dyslipidämie, die Insulinresistenz sowie chronisch erhöhte Spiegel von insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) und von Insulin. Eine dauerhafte Gewichtsreduktion kann das Krebsrisiko adipöser T2D-Patienten signifikant senken. Ein gesunder Lebensstil und die regelmäßige Teilnahme an Vorsorgeuntersuchungen sind wichtig und können die Krebsmortalität von Diabetespatienten erheblich verringern.
Amine-Free O-Sulfonylation by a Combination of 4-Methylpyridine N-Oxide Catalyst with 4Å Molecular Sieves
Authors: Yoshida Keisuke , Matsumoto Yuma , Masuda Juo , Kitagaki Shinji 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn amine-free sulfonylation of various alcohols was developed that uses 4-methylpyridine N-oxide in the presence of 4Å molecular sieves at room temperature. This mild method gives various sulfonylated products in high yields, and can be applied to base-sensitive substrates.
Sinonasal Glomangiopericytoma with Prolonged Postsurgical Follow-Up
Authors: Gordon Alex J. , Papazian Michael R. , Chow Michael , Patel Aneek , Placantonakis Dimitris G. , Lieberman Seth , Givi Babak 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSinonasal glomangiopericytoma is a rare vascular tumor of the respiratory epithelium. Treatment consists mainly of surgical resection, though there is no consensus regarding the use of adjuvant therapies or preoperative endovascular embolization. The postsurgical prognosis is favorable, though there is a high risk of delayed recurrence. Here, we present the case of a patient who underwent endoscopic resection of a sinonasal glomangiopericytoma and a review of the literature.
The Effects of Exercise Therapy Moderated by Sex in Rehabilitation of
COVID-19
Authors: Rausch Linda , Puchner Bernhard , Fuchshuber Jürgen , Seebacher Barbara , Löffler-Ragg Judith , Pramsohler Stephan , Netzer Nikolaus , Faulhaber Martin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStandardized exercise therapy programs in pulmonary rehabilitation have been
shown to improve physical performance and lung function parameters in post-acute
COVID-19 patients. However, it has not been investigated if these positive
effects are equally beneficial for both sexes. The purpose of this study was to
analyze outcomes of a pulmonary rehabilitation program with respect to sex
differences, in order to identify sex-specific pulmonary rehabilitation
requirements. Data of 233 post-acute COVID-19 patients (40.4% females)
were analyzed before and after a three-week standardized pulmonary
rehabilitation program. Lung function parameters were assessed using
body-plethysmography and functional exercise capacity was measured by the
Six-Minute Walk Test. At post-rehabilitation, females showed a significantly
smaller improvement in maximal inspiration capacity and forced expiratory volume
(F=5.86, ω2=.02; p<0.05) than males.
Exercise capacity improvements between men and women did not differ
statistically. Females made greater progress towards reference values of
exercise capacity (T(231)=−3.04; p<0.01) and forced
expiratory volume in the first second (T(231)=2.83; p<0.01) than
males. Sex differences in the improvement of lung function parameters seem to
exist and should be considered when personalizing standardized exercise
therapies in pulmonary rehabilitation.
Transesophageal Echocardiography of Mitral Valve Repair in a Case of Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm: 2D versus 3D
Authors: Das Devishree , Makhija Neeti , Patra Tarun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMitral valve repair is a common and preferred technique over mitral valve replacement whenever it is feasible. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) not only reliably identify repairable mitral valve but also guide appropriate intervention. In addition to two-dimensional (2D) TEE, the three-dimensional (3D) technique clearly delineates size and shape of mitral valve apparatus, and determine the repairability and success of repair technique. We illustrate the 2D and 3D TEE techniques that guided the surgical intervention for Alfieri repair.
Enhanced electrochemical performance of vanadium carbide MXene composites for supercapacitors
Authors: Zahra Syedah Afsheen , Anasori Babak , Iqbal Muhammad Z. , Ravaux Florent , Al Tarawneh Mohammednoor , Rizwan Syed 
Published: June 2022

Two-dimensional (2D) surface-terminated layered transition metal carbide MXenes with high electrochemical performance paved the way for robust energy storage supercapacitor devices. However, because of the 2D nature of the MXene flakes, self-restacking of 2D MXene flakes limits the use of all the flake functionalized surfaces in MXene electrodes. Here, we report the synthesis of V2CTx MXene and multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/V2CTx composites as a promising electrode material for hybrid energy storage devices. Our hybrid electrodes exhibited enhanced electrochemical performance and a gravimetric capacitance of 1842 F g−1 at a scan rate of 2 mV s−1, with a specific charge capacity of 62.5 A h/g. Moreover, the electrodes presented an excellent rate performance, durability, and retention capacity of 94% lasted up to 10 000 cycles. Density functional theory calculations provided electronic and structural properties of the considered MWCNT@V2CTx. Therefore, the introduction of MWCNTs enhanced the conductivity and reaction kinetics of the MXenes and facilitates the charge storage mechanism useful for next-generation smart energy storage devices.
Ultrafast two-photon fluorescence imaging of cerebral blood circulation in the mouse brain in vivo
Authors: Meng Guanghan , Zhong Jian , Zhang Qinrong , Wong Justin S. J. , Wu Jianglai , Tsia Kevin K. , Ji Na 
Published: June 2022

Significance
Characterizing blood flow by tracking individual red blood cells as they move through vessels is essential for understanding vascular function. With high spatial resolution, two-photon fluorescence microscopy is the method of choice for imaging blood flow at the cellular level. However, its application is limited to a low flow speed regimen in anesthetized animals by its slow focus scanning mechanism. Using an ultrafast scanning module, we demonstrated two-photon fluorescence imaging of blood flow at 1,000 two-dimensional frames and 1,000,000 one-dimensional line scans per second in the brains of awake mice. These ultrafast measurements enabled us to study hemodynamic and fluid mechanical regimens beyond the reach of conventional methods.
A predictive microfluidic model of human glioblastoma to assess trafficking of blood–brain barrier-penetrant nanoparticles
Authors: Straehla Joelle P. , Hajal Cynthia , Safford Hannah C. , Offeddu Giovanni S. , Boehnke Natalie , Dacoba Tamara G. , Wyckoff Jeffrey , Kamm Roger D. , Hammond Paula T. 
Published: June 2022

SignificanceThe blood–brain barrier represents a major therapeutic challenge for the treatment of glioblastoma, and there is an unmet need for in vitro models that recapitulate human biology and are predictive of in vivo response. Here, we present a microfluidic model of vascularized glioblastoma featuring a tumor spheroid in direct contact with self-assembled vascular networks comprising human endothelial cells, astrocytes, and pericytes. This model was designed to accelerate the development of targeted nanotherapeutics and enabled rigorous assessment of a panel of surface-functionalized nanoparticles designed to exploit a receptor overexpressed in tumor-associated vasculature. Trafficking and efficacy data in the in vitro model compared favorably to parallel in vivo data, highlighting the utility of the vascularized glioblastoma model for therapeutic development.
Artificial neuromorphic cognitive skins based on distributed biaxially stretchable elastomeric synaptic transistors
Authors: Shim Hyunseok , Jang Seonmin , Thukral Anish , Jeong Seongsik , Jo Hyeseon , Kan Bin , Patel Shubham , Wei Guodan , Lan Wei , Kim Hae-Jin , Yu Cunjiang 
Published: June 2022

Significance
Enabling distributed neurologic and cognitive functions in soft deformable devices, such as robotics, wearables, skin prosthetics, bioelectronics, etc., represents a massive leap in their development. The results presented here reveal the device characteristics of the building block, i.e., a stretchable elastomeric synaptic transistor, its characteristics under various levels of biaxial strain, and performances of various stretchy distributed neuromorphic devices. The stretchable neuromorphic array of synaptic transistors and the neuromorphic imaging sensory skin enable platforms to create a wide range of soft devices and systems with implemented neuromorphic and cognitive functions, including artificial cognitive skins, wearable neuromorphic computing, artificial organs, neurorobotics, and skin prosthetics.
Origins of Dogon NP tonosyntax
Authors: Heath Jeffrey 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Like other complex morphosyntactic and morphophonological structures that are endemic to single language families, Dogon NP tonosyntax is the result of the fortuitous interlocking of diachronically unrelated processes and constructions. It arose due to the following combination: (a) right-headed prosodic pattern in noun-modifier sequences; (b) loss of numeral classifiers which had previously protected nouns from the right-headed prosodic pattern when followed by numerals; and (c) transfer of tones from possessors to following possessums. Although none of these phenomena were semantically driven, the resulting configuration could only be reinterpreted by native speakers in semantic terms, creating a completely new system unique to Dogon. In spite of having arisen accidentally, this tonosyntactic system is quite stable. One of its benefits is the unusual solution it provided (at no extra charge) to a perennial problem in the design of relative constructions.
Anisotropic upper critical field, Seebeck and Nernst coefficient of Nb0.20Bi2Se3 superconductor
Authors: Sharma Shailja , Yadav C S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present the magneto-transport and the thermoelectric (Seebeck and Nernst coefficient) studies of the Nb-doped Bi2Se3 superconductor. The angle-dependent magnetoresistance study highlights the anisotropy of upper critical field (Hc

2) for in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic field orientation with the anisotropy parameter Γ ∼ 1.3. The estimated value of the carrier concentration (∼1019 cm−3) for Nb0.2Bi2Se3 is one order larger than for Bi2Se3. Doping of Nb shows a significant decrease in the Seebeck coefficient value and the estimated Fermi temperature of the three-dimensional Fermi surface at the centre of Brillouin zone in the zero-temperature limit enhances by ∼4 times in comparison to pristine Bi2Se3. We have observed a large value (∼2.3 µV K−1T−1) of Nernst coefficient for Bi2Se3 at room temperature, which decreases with Nb doping (∼0.5 µV K−1 T−1).
Superconductivity in silicon
Authors: Moun Monika , Sheet Goutam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Silicon, one of the most abundant elements found on Earth, has been an excellent choice of the semiconductor industry for ages. Despite its remarkable applications in modern semiconductor-based electronic devices, the potential of cubic silicon in superconducting electronics remained a challenge because even heavily doped silicon crystals do not superconduct under normal conditions. It is apparent that if superconductivity can be introduced in cubic silicon, that will bring a breakthrough in low-dissipation electronic circuitry. Motivated by this, attempts have been made by several research groups to induce superconductivity in silicon through a number of different routes. Some of the other structural phases of silicon like β-Sn and simple hexagonal are, however, known to display superconductivity. In the present review article, various theoretical and experimental aspects of superconductivity in silicon are discussed. Superconductivity in different phases and different structural forms of silicon are also reviewed. We also highlight the potential of superconducting phases of silicon for technological applications in superconducting nano-electronics.
Improvement in hyperexpression with a combination of truncated scmp promoter and Streptomyces lividans
Authors: Uraji Misugi , Yang Lingli , Hatanaka Tadashi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We have previously reported a powerful promoter from the Streptomyces cinnamoneus TH-2 strain named ‘scmp’ and created an expression vector of pTONA5a for expression using S. lividans. The full-length scmp promoter sequence consists of 424 bp upstream of a metalloendoprotease gene in the S. cinnamoneus TH-2 genome. The promoter works in the presence of inorganic phosphate and glucose. In this study, we present the essential region of the scmp promoter (promoter C), which lacks 358 bp of the 5′ region of the full-length promoter. Promoter C was very short and contained only 63 bp. Using promoter C, we succeeded in the extracellular production of the Streptomyces enzymes of leucine aminopeptidase, ferulic acid esterase, and transglutaminase, which possessed signal peptides for secretion via the type II secretion pathway, at high levels.
Comparison of right hemicolectomies with and without complete mesocolic excision (CME)
Authors: Cathomas M , Galli R , Heigl A , Lamm S , Glaser C , Cathomas G , Rosenberg R 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective
Since the concept of complete mesocolic excision (CME) in right hemicolectomies was introduced, it is still under debate if all patients require this radical technique.

Methods
Patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon undergoing right hemicolectomies at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed and stratified in a non-CME group (08/2014-04/2018) and a CME group (05/2018-11/2021). Patients were compared in regard to clinical, histopathological and prognostic parameters. CME were classified according to Benz et al.

Results
A total of 130 right hemicolectomies were performed, 33 (25.4%) patients were excluded due to other pathologies or emergency patients. Finally, 97 patients were included (53 in the CME group, 39 in the non-CME group). No difference in patient's characteristics were found except more male patients in the CME group (20 vs. 6; p=0.02). Tumors in the CME group were mainly located in the colon ascendens (66.0%), in the non-CME group in the coecum (48.7%; n.s.). In the CME group, 26 of 53 (49.1%) patients were operated laparoscopically compared to 10 of 39 (25.6%) patients in the non-CME group. Da Vinci system were used exclusively in the CME group (5 of 53 (9.4%); p=0.003). TNM classification, histology and UICC stadium showed no significant difference. In total, 50 (94.3%) surgical specimen were classification either as CME 0 or 1. In average, 35.2 lymph nodes (8.2% positive) were found in the CME group compared to 32.7 (16.2% positive) lymph nodes in the non-CME group (p=0.9). No relevant intraoperative complications occurred in both groups. Distance of the mesocolon were available in 39 (73.6%) patients in the CME group and 34 (37.1%) in the non-CME group; the distance tended to be longer in the CME group (mean 116.0 mm in CME group vs. 96.6 mm in non-CME group; p=0.09). Follow-up were 336.4 days in CME-group and 1210.4 days in the non-CME group. In the follow-up, 2 (5.1%) patients in the non-CME group developed a local recurrence in the smaller pelvis. No local recurrence occurred in the CME group (p=0.18). Distant metastasis occurred in 5 of 53 (9.4%) patients in the CME group and in 2 of 39 (5.4%) patients in the non-CME group (p=0.7).

Conclusion
This study shows that the benefit for CME in all performed right hemicolectomies is marginal and that the surgical standards was already high in the pre-CME era.
Between Us and Them: Deaf Bedouin Women’s Perception of the Role of Social Workers
Authors: Allassad Alhuzail Nuzha , Levinger Miriam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Israel’s Bedouin minority, with unique socio-demographic and cultural characteristics, has a higher incidence of deafness than that reported worldwide. Because they lack suitable social services, local access to information and public transportation, deaf Bedouins live in a challenging social context. Most social workers are hearing people untrained regarding this population and lacking proficiency in sign language. This complicates the therapeutic encounter. Most of the Bedouin service users are women, who contend with triple discrimination deriving from their gender, disability and socio-ethnic affiliation. Therefore, this qualitative study using semi-structured interviews of twenty-three deaf Bedouin women focuses on how they perceive the social workers in the local social services bureaus. We found that they view the social worker as a person to whom one can complain, who is supposed to look out for one’s rights, whom it is unpleasant to meet and who abandons them in a struggle. They also expressed ambivalent feelings towards their social workers: anger and frustration but also compassion and pity. The discussion focuses on the role of the social worker, the influence of acculturation and the three-way therapeutic encounter. Recommendations include equipping social workers with communication skills, knowledge about the population and skills for changing oppressive policy.
Increased TNF-α production in response to IL-6 in patients with systemic inflammation without infection
Authors: Cabrera-Rivera Graciela L , Madera-Sandoval Ruth L , León-Pedroza José Israel , Ferat-Osorio Eduardo , Salazar-Rios Enrique , Hernández-Aceves Juan A , Guadarrama-Aranda Uriel , López-Macías Constantino , Wong-Baeza Isabel , Arriaga-Pizano Lourdes A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Acute systemic inflammation can lead to life-threatening organ dysfunction. In patients with sepsis, systemic inflammation is triggered in response to infection, but in other patients, a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is triggered by non-infectious events. IL-6 is a major mediator of inflammation, including systemic inflammatory responses. In homeostatic conditions, when IL-6 engages its membrane-bound receptor on myeloid cells, it promotes pro-inflammatory cytokine production, phagocytosis, and cell migration. However, under non-physiologic conditions, such as SIRS and sepsis, leucocyte dysfunction could modify the response of these cells to IL-6. So, our aim was to evaluate the response to IL-6 of monocytes from patients diagnosed with SIRS or sepsis. We observed that monocytes from patients with SIRS, but not from patients with sepsis, produced significantly more TNF-α than monocytes from healthy volunteers, after stimulation with IL-6. Monocytes from SIRS patients had a significantly increased baseline phosphorylation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB, with no differences in STAT3 phosphorylation or SOCS3 levels, compared with monocytes from septic patients, and this increased phosphorylation was maintained during the IL-6 activation. We found no significant differences in the expression levels of the membrane-bound IL-6 receptor, or the serum levels of IL-6, soluble IL-6 receptor, or soluble gp130, between patients with SIRS and patients with sepsis. Our results suggest that, during systemic inflammation in the absence of infection, IL-6 promotes TNF-α production by activating NF-κB, and not the canonical STAT3 pathway.
Moving without sensory feedback: online TMS over the dorsal premotor cortex impairs motor performance during ischemic nerve block
Authors: Bruno Valentina , Castellani Nicolò , Garbarini Francesca , Christensen Mark Schram 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe study investigates the role of dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) in generating predicted sensory consequences of movements, i.e. corollary discharges. In 2 different sessions, we disrupted PMd and parietal hand’s multisensory integration site (control area) with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during a finger-sequence-tapping motor task. In this TMS sham-controlled design, the task was performed with normal sensory feedback and during upper-limb ischemic nerve block (INB), in a time-window where participants moved without somatosensation. Errors and movement timing (objective measures) and ratings about movement perception (subjective measures) were collected. We found that INB overall worsens objective and subjective measures, but crucially in the PMd session, the absence of somatosensation together with TMS disruption induced more errors, less synchronized movements, and increased subjective difficulty ratings as compared with the parietal control session (despite a carryover effect between real and sham stimulation to be addressed in future studies). Contrarily, after parietal area interference session, when sensory information is already missing due to INB, motor performance was not aggravated. Altogether these findings suggest that the loss of actual (through INB) and predicted (through PMd disruption) somatosensory feedback degraded motor performance and perception, highlighting the crucial role of PMd in generating corollary discharge.
Robust sex differences in functional brain connectivity are present in utero
Authors: Cook Kevin M , De Asis-Cruz Josepheen , Lopez Catherine , Quistorff Jessica , Kapse Kushal , Andersen Nicole , Vezina Gilbert , Limperopoulos Catherine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSex-based differences in brain structure and function are observable throughout development and are thought to contribute to differences in behavior, cognition, and the presentation of neurodevelopmental disorders. Using multiple support vector machine (SVM) models as a data-driven approach to assess sex differences, we sought to identify regions exhibiting sex-dependent differences in functional connectivity and determine whether they were robust and sufficiently reliable to classify sex even prior to birth. To accomplish this, we used a sample of 110 human fetal resting state fMRI scans from 95 fetuses, performed between 19 and 40 gestational weeks. Functional brain connectivity patterns classified fetal sex with 73% accuracy. Across SVM models, we identified features (functional connections) that reliably differentiated fetal sex. Highly consistent predictors included connections in the somatomotor and frontal areas alongside the hippocampus, cerebellum, and basal ganglia. Moreover, high consistency features also implicated a greater magnitude of cross-region connections in females, while male weighted features were predominately within anatomically bounded regions. Our findings indicate that these differences, which have been observed later in childhood, are present and reliably detectable even before birth. These results show that sex differences arise before birth in a manner that is consistent and reliable enough to be highly identifiable.