bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genesis of Oceanic Oxide Gabbros and Gabbronorites During Reactive Melt Migration at Transform Walls (Doldrums Megatransform System; 7–8°N Mid-Atlantic Ridge)
Authors: Basch V , Sanfilippo A , Skolotnev S G , Ferrando C , Muccini F , Palmiotto C , Peyve A A , Ermolaev B V , Okina O I , Ligi M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Doldrums Megatransform System (~7–8°N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge) shows a complex architecture including four intra-transform ridge segments bounded by five active transform faults. Lower crustal rocks are exposed along the Doldrums and Vernadsky transform walls that bound the northernmost intra-transform ridge segment. The recovered gabbros are characterized by variably evolved chemical compositions, ranging from olivine gabbros to gabbronorites and oxide gabbros, and lack the most primitive gabbroic endmembers (troctolites, dunites). Notably, the numerous recovered gabbronorites show up to 20 vol. % of coarse-grained orthopyroxene. Although covariations in mineral and bulk-rock chemical compositions of the olivine and oxide gabbros define trends of crystallization from a common parental melt, the gabbronorites show elevated light over heavy rare earth elements (LREE/HREE) ratios in both bulk-rock and mineral compositions. These features are not consistent with a petrological evolution driven solely by fractional crystallization, which cannot produce the preferential enrichments in highly incompatible elements documented in the orthopyroxene-bearing lithologies. We suggest that gabbronorites crystallized from evolved melts percolating and partly assimilating a pre-existing olivine gabbro matrix. Saturation in orthopyroxene and selective enrichments in LREE relative to M-HREE are both triggered by an increase in assimilated crystal mass, which ranges from negligible in the oxide-gabbros to abundant in the gabbronorites. This melt–rock reaction process has been related to lateral melt migration beneath ridge-transform intersections, where variably evolved melts injected from the peripheral parts of the melting region towards the transform zone may interact with a gabbroic crystal mush to form abundant oxide-bearing gabbronoritic associations.
Tracing Volatiles, Halogens, and Chalcophile Metals during Melt Evolution at the Tolbachik Monogenetic Field, Kamchatka
Authors: Iveson Alexander A , Humphreys Madeleine C S , Jenner Frances E , Kunz Barbara E , Savov Ivan P , De Hoog Jan C M , Churikova Tatiana G , Gordeychik Boris N , Hammond Samantha J , Plechov Pavel Yu , Blundy Jon , Agostini Samuele 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMelt storage and supply beneath arc volcanoes may be distributed between a central stratovolcano and wider fields of monogenetic cones, indicating complex shallow plumbing systems. However, the impact of such spatially variable magma storage conditions on volatile degassing and trace element geochemistry is unclear. This study explores magma generation and storage processes beneath the Tolbachik volcanic field, Kamchatka, Russia, in order to investigate the evolution of the magmatic volatile phase and, specifically, the strong enrichment of chalcophile metals (in particular, Cu) in this system. We present new geochemical data for a large suite of olivine- and clinopyroxene-hosted melt inclusions (and host phenocrysts) from five separate monogenetic cones within the Tolbachik volcanic field. These high-Al composition magmas likely reflect the homogenised fractionation products of primitive intermediate-Mg melt compositions, stored at shallow depths after significant fractional crystallisation. Boron isotope compositions and incompatible trace element ratios of the melt inclusions suggest a deeper plumbing system that is dominated by extensive fractional crystallisation and fed by melts derived from an isotopically homogeneous parental magma composition. Volatile components (H2O, CO2, S, Cl, F) show that magmas feeding different monogenetic cones had variable initial volatile contents and subsequently experienced different fluid-saturated storage conditions and degassing histories. We also show that melts supplying the Tolbachik volcanic field are strongly enriched in Cu compared with almost all other Kamchatka rocks, including samples from the Tolbachik central stratocones, and other volcanoes situated in close proximity in the Central Kamchatka Depression. The melt inclusions record Cu concentrations ≥450 μg/g at ca. 4–5 wt.% MgO, which can only be explained by bulk incompatible partitioning behaviour of Cu, i.e. evolution under sulphide-undersaturated conditions. We suggest that initial mantle melting in this region exhausted mantle sulphides, leading to sulphide undersaturated primitive melts. This sulphide-free model for the high-Al cone melts is further supported by S/Se and Cu/Ag values that overlap those of the primitive mantle and MORB array, with bulk rock Cu/Ag ratios also overlapping other with other global arc datasets for magma evolution prior to fractionation of a monosulfide solid solution. We therefore demonstrate that the combination of novel chalcophile metal analyses with trace element, isotopic, and volatile data is a powerful tool for deciphering complex magmatic evolution conditions across the entire volcanic field.
Impact of initial therapy with upadacitinib or adalimumab on achievement of 48-week treatment goals in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: post hoc analysis of SELECT-COMPARE
Authors: Mysler Eduardo , Tanaka Yoshiya , Kavanaugh Arthur , Aletaha Daniel , Taylor Peter C , Song In-Ho , Shaw Tim , Song Yanna , DeMasi Ryan , Ali Mira , Fleischmann Roy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Evaluate the importance of treatment sequencing in SELECT-COMPARE, assessing potential differences between starting upadacitinib or adalimumab therapy following inadequate MTX response.

Methods
Patients from SELECT-COMPARE were randomized to upadacitinib 15 mg once daily, placebo or adalimumab 40 mg. Per protocol, patients with &lt;20% improvement in tender or swollen joint counts (weeks 14, 18, 22) or failure to achieve Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) low disease activity (LDA) at week 26 were blindly switched from upadacitinib to adalimumab or vice versa. Treatment outcomes, including clinical remission/LDA, physical function, pain and a novel combined endpoint for deep response, were evaluated through 48 weeks and corresponding time-averaged response rates determined. Data were analysed by initial randomized group regardless of any subsequent switch in therapy.

Results
This post hoc analysis included 651 patients initially randomized to upadacitinib (of whom 252 switched to adalimumab) and 327 patients initially randomized to adalimumab (of whom 159 switched to upadacitinib). At week 48, patients randomized to either therapy demonstrated similar achievement of most treatment endpoints. Greater improvements in the total time spent in a lower disease state were observed for initial upadacitinib vs initial adalimumab therapy across most clinical and patient-reported outcomes through 48 weeks, and the median time to DAS28(CRP) &lt;2.6/≤3.2 occurred 6–8 weeks earlier among those randomized to upadacitinib.

Conclusion
Following a modified treat-to-target strategy, rates of CDAI remission/LDA and DAS28(CRP) &lt;2.6/≤3.2 at 48 weeks were similar, regardless of starting therapy. However, patients initially receiving upadacitinib reached treatment targets more quickly and spent more time in clinical targets over the initial 48 weeks of treatment.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02629159
Novel therapeutic agents for myelofibrosis after failure or suboptimal response to JAK2 inhbitors
Authors: Breccia Massimo , Assanto Giovanni Manfredi , Laganà Alessandro , Scalzulli Emilia , Martelli Maurizio 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of review
JAK2 inhibitors have changed the therapeutic strategies for the management of primary and secondary myelofibrosis. Ruxolitinib, the first available agent, improved disease-related symptoms, spleen volume, and overall survival compared to conventional chemotherapy. It has been revealed that after 3 years of treatment, about 50% of patients discontinued ruxolitinib for resistance and/or intolerance and should be candidate to a second line of treatment.

Recent findings
Second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been tested in this setting, but all these new drugs do not significantly impact on disease progression. Novel agents are in developments that target on different pathways, alone or in combination with JAK2 inhibitors.

Summary
In this review, we summarize all the clinical efficacy and safety data of these drugs providing a vision of the possible future.
Modern treatment approaches to adult acute T-lymphoblastic and myeloid/T-lymphoblastic leukemia: from current standards to precision medicine
Authors: Leoncin Matteo , La Starza Roberta , Roti Giovanni , Pagliaro Luca , Bassan Renato , Mecucci Cristina 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of review
To review the most recent advancements in the management of adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), we summarize insights into molecular diagnostics, immunotherapy, targeted therapy and new techniques of drug sensitivity profiling that may support further therapeutic progress in T-ALL subsets.

Recent findings
With current induction/consolidation chemotherapy and/or risk-oriented allogeneic stem cell transplantation programs up to 95% adult T-ALL patients achieve a remission and >50% (up to 80% in adolescents and young adults) are cured. The group of patients who fail upfront therapy, between 25% and 40%, is enriched in high-risk characteristics (unfavorable genetics, persistent minimal residual disease) and represents the ideal setting for the study of molecular mechanisms of disease resistance, and consequently explore novel ways of restoration of drug sensitivity and assess patient/subset-specific patterns of drug vulnerability to targeting agents, immunotherapy and cell therapy.

Summary
The emerging evidence supports the contention that precision medicine may soon allow valuable therapeutic chances to adult patients with high-risk T-ALL. The ongoing challenge is to identify the best way to integrate all these new data into the therapeutic path of newly diagnosed patients, with a view to optimize the individual treatment plan and increase the cure rate.
Polypharmacy and Major Adverse Events in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Caturano Alfredo , Spiezia Serenella , Brunelli Vincenzo , Galiero Raffaele , Sasso Ferdinando Carlo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia, ranging from 0.1% in patients <55 years to >9% in octogenarian patients. Polypharmacotherapy is crucial in atrial fibrillation management, and in many of the concomitant comorbidities, such as hypertension, heart failure, coronary artery disease, and diabetes. However, polypharmacy represents a major concern because of the associated risks of adverse events onset, with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. In this study, we commented data reported by Tsagkaris et al comparing them with previous reports.
Surgical Interventions for Lumbosacral Plexus Injuries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nichols David Spencer , Fenton Jesse , Cox Elizabeth , Dang Jonathan , Garbuzov Anna , McCall-Wright Patti , Chim Harvey 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Nerve reconstruction techniques for lumbosacral plexus (LSP) injuries vary. There are no clear treatment guidelines available, and summative evaluations of the literature discussing these surgeries are lacking. For these reasons, this investigation aimed to systematically review and consolidate all available literature discussing surgical interventions for LSP injuries and cohesively present patient-reported and objective postoperative outcomes.

Methods:
The authors conducted a systematic review using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global (via Proquest.com), and ClinicalTrials.gov databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. After title and abstract screening, identified articles were read in full and selected for inclusion based on prespecified criteria.

Results:
Our literature search identified 8683 potential citations, and after duplicate removal, abstract screening, and full-text review, 62 studies remained meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. Outcomes were extracted according to the location of injury and type of surgical repair. Injuries were classified into isolated femoral nerve injuries, isolated obturator nerve injuries, isolated sciatic nerve injuries, and multilevel LSP injuries. Surgical treatment was further classified into exploration with neurolysis, direct repair, nerve grafting, and nerve transfer surgery.

Conclusions:
Although results vary based on the location of the injury and the surgical technique used, nerve grafts and transfers demonstrated reasonable success in improving functional and pain outcomes. Overall, isolated femoral and obturator nerve injuries had the best outcomes reported with surgical treatment. Furthermore, incomplete sciatic nerve and multilevel LSP injuries had more reported surgical options and better outcomes than complete sciatic nerve injuries.
Bipedicled SIEA Flap with Deep Inferior Epigastric Artery and Vein Grafts for Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Nakamura Ryota , Tomita Koichi , Omura Nanaho , Nishimura Eriko , Higashimoto Kyuto , Kubo Tateki , Hikasa Hisashi 
Published: August 2022

Summary:
A superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA) flap can be an alternative to a deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEAP) flap in cases where SIEAs are relatively well developed. Although an SIEA flap is less invasive than a DIEAP flap, the pedicles of the former are anatomically shorter, making it more difficult to choose recipient vessels when bilateral SIEAs are necessary. A 45-year-old female diagnosed with cancer of the left breast underwent mastectomy (specimen weight: 750 g) and immediate two-stage breast reconstruction using a free abdominal flap with bilateral pedicles was planned. Preoperative computed tomographic angiography showed that the bilateral DIEAPs in the flap were less than one millimeter in diameter, whereas the bilateral SIEAs were well developed enough for us to opt for a double-pedicled stacked SIEA flap. After the double-pedicled SIEA flap was elevated, folded, and temporarily placed in the subcutaneous pocket, the pedicle length on one side was found to be insufficient. Therefore, portions of the right composite deep inferior epigastric artery (DIEA) and vein (DIEV) grafts (roughly 7 cm) were collected from a short fasciotomy and anastomosed to the peripheral ends of the right SIEA and SIEV, respectively. Following this, the left SIEA and SIEV were antegradely anastomosed to the internal mammary artery and vein (IMA/IMV), while the DIEA/DIEV grafts were retrogradely anastomosed to the IMA/IMV, respectively. We recommend the proactive use of this method, as pedicle extension using the DIEA/DIEV grafts enables a higher degree of freedom in unilateral breast reconstruction using bilateral SIEA flaps.
A Comparative Analysis of the Common Injections Performed by Plastic Surgeons: 2012 and 2019
Authors: Harrington Maya T. , Kandi Lyndsay A. , Janbieh Javier , Pollock Jordan R. , Thornburg Danielle A. , Howard Michael A. , Teven Chad M. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Plastic surgeons regularly perform injections for both cosmetic and functional purposes. This article examines the most common injections utilized by plastic surgeons under Medicare and how their usage and billing has changed between 2012 and 2019.

Methods:
Using the earliest and latest data available on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services’ Provider Utilization and Payment Data File, we first determined Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System injection codes most billed to Medicare in 2012 and 2019. The number of services, amount of Medicare beneficiaries, and reimbursement rates were collected and analyzed for each Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System code from the Provider Utilization and Payment Data File for years 2012 and 2019. We compared the change in reimbursement rate for each injection to the rate of inflation in US dollars over the same period.

Results:
The unadjusted Medicare reimbursement rate for eight included injection types increased an average of 31.63% during the study period. This was not significantly different from the rate of inflation during the same period (+11.33%, P = 0.311). When all Medicare reimbursement data were adjusted for inflation to 2019 dollars, the average percentage change in reimbursement for all included injections in this study increased by 17.58% from 2012 to 2019.

Conclusions:
The findings from our study suggest that injections administered by plastic surgeons appear to be unique in their general stability in reimbursement rates as compared to rates in other fields. Further research should be performed to better understand the driving factors for usage and reimbursement changes.
Time-averaged cumulative blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: analysis from the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist trial
Authors: Huang Rihua , Wu Runxin , Lin Yifen , Zhong Xiangbin , Ye Xiaomin , Zhuang Xiaodong , Liao Xinxue 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
To determine whether time-averaged cumulative blood pressure (cumBP) is associated with the risk of cardiovascular outcomes among patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Method:
Three thousand, three hundred and thirty participants from Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) trial were included in this analysis with a median follow-up of 3 years. CumBP, expressed as mmHg-years, was the sum of mean BP for each pair of successive examinations multiplied by the time. Time-averaged cumBP was calculated by dividing cumBP by total exposure time, also expressed as mmHg. Clinical outcomes of our study including primary endpoint, all-cause death, cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization. Multivariable Cox hazard regression models and a restricted cubic spline model were used to assess the association and linearity between time-averaged cumBP and adverse outcomes.

Results:
There is a U-shaped relationship between time-averaged cumBP and primary endpoint, all-cause death, cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization among participants with HFpEF, with the nadir risk around 120–129 mmHg of SBP and 70–79 mmHg of DBP after adjusting for confounding variables. Treatment with spironolactone did not affect the association significantly. The finding remained robust across sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion:
Higher or lower time-averaged cumBP was significantly associated with a higher risk of adverse events. Control of time-averaged cumulative BP within a reasonable range was an important component of hypertension management in HFpEF.
Changes in blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged to older Chinese: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhang Wei Sen , Hao Yuan Tao , Jiang Chao Qiang , Jin Ya Li , Cheng Kar Keung , Lam Tai Hing , Xu Lin 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Most studies on the associations of blood pressure (BP) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk were based on single or average BP levels. Knowledge on the association between BP trajectories and CVD in middle-aged individuals who are not on antihypertensive medication may inform the care of individuals in this group whose BPs are not controlled.

Methods:
Eight thousand nine hundred and sixty-nine participants aged 50–70 years, without CVD at baseline and not taking antihypertensive medication throughout the study, were included. Four time-points data from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study were used to identify BP trajectories using latent class mixed model. Cox regression was used to investigate the association of BP trajectories with fatal and nonfatal CVD till April 2021.

Results:
Three SBP trajectories were identified: ‘low-slow-increase’ characterized by SBP from 110 to 125 mmHg (86.5%); ‘low-increase’ from 110 to 150 mmHg (8.1%) and ‘moderate-increase’ from 125 to 155 mmHg (5.4%). Compared with the low-slow-increase group, the moderate-increase had the highest risk of CVD (hazard ratio = 1.76, 95% confidence interval = 1.34–2.29), ischemic heart disease (1.77, 1.01–3.09), myocardial infarction (3.52, 1.58–7.85), all strokes (1.88, 1.37–2.60), ischemic stroke (1.65, 1.10–2.49), haemorrhagic stroke (3.98, 1.30–12.12) and CVD mortality (2.41, 1.55–3.76). Higher risks of CVD (1.27, 1.01–1.61) and ischemic stroke (1.49, 1.07–2.09) in the low-increase group were also found.

Conclusion:
Most people between 50 and 70 years of age and not taking antihypertensive medication maintained a slow increase SBP trajectory over a follow-up period of approximately 7 years. However, those whose SBPs increased from low and moderate levels were associated with higher CVD risks.
Presbyopia correction using the monocular bi-aspheric ablation profile in myopic eyes
Authors: Ryu Soyoung , Jun Ikhyun , Kang David S.Y. , Arba-Mosquera Samuel , Kim Harin , Jean Seung K. , Seo Kyoung Y. , Kim Eung K. , Kim Tae-im 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To analyze the 6-month outcomes of the treatment combination of the monocular bi-aspheric ablation profile (PresbyMAX) and contralateral aspheric monofocal laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) ablation profile for correction of myopia and presbyopia.

Setting:
Yonsei University College of Medicine and Eyereum Eye Clinic, Seoul, South Korea.

Design:
Retrospective case series.

Methods:
This was a retrospective case review of 92 patients (184 eyes) diagnosed with myopia who underwent uneventful simultaneous bi-aspheric ablation in the nondominant eye and aspheric monofocal regular LASIK in the dominant eye to correct myopia and presbyopia between January 2017 and August 2020. Monocular and binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and near visual acuity (UNVA), and corrected distance visual acuity and near visual acuity were analyzed postoperatively.

Results:
At 6 months postoperatively, the mean UDVAs (logMAR) in the dominant and nondominant eyes were 0.01 ± 0.02 and 0.26 ± 0.15, respectively. Furthermore, all treated dominant eyes achieved 20/20 or better monocular UDVA, and 84% achieved 20/16 or better monocular UDVA. In the nondominant treated eyes, 89% achieved 20/50 or better monocular UDVA, 78% achieved 20/40 or better, and 34% achieved 20/32 or better. The binocular cumulative UDVA at 6 months postoperatively was 20/20 or better in all patients. All patients achieved J2 or better in binocular cumulative UNVA, and 83% achieved J1.

Conclusions:
Presbyopia correction using the combination of PresbyMAX in the near eye and aspheric monofocal regular LASIK in the distant eye is a safe and effective treatment for presbyopia in patients with myopia.