bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
0120 Menstrual Cycle-Related Changes in Sleep-Dependent Emotional Memory Consolidation
Authors: Zhang Jing , Simon Katharine , Shuster Alessandra , Sattari Negin , Alzueta Elisabet , Dulai Teji , de Zambotti Massimiliano , Baker Fiona , Mednick Sara 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Emotional, more than neutral, experiences are preferentially consolidated during sleep. Fluctuating reproductive hormonal levels across the menstrual cycle are associated with changes in sleep features that are implicated in emotional memory consolidation. Yet, the interaction between menstrual cycle phases, sleep, and emotional memory remains unknown. The current study investigates how sleep-dependent emotional memory consolidation changes across the menstrual cycle in both young and midlife women.

Methods
Thirty-one young (MAge=25.32y, SD=5.69y) and 33 midlife (MAge=47.88y, SD=2.86y) women enrolled in the study. Each woman completed four remote visits at different menstrual phases, estimated from self-reports and measured ovulation: menses (low hormone), late-follicular (high estrogen), mid-luteal (high estrogen and progesterone), and late-luteal (falling hormones). During each visit, participants completed the Emotional Picture Task (EPT) via Pavlovia, a web-based testing platform. Participants completed encoding and immediate test in the evening (Test 1) and retested (Test 2) the following morning. During encoding, participants viewed negative and neutral images (selected from the IAPS). During testing, for each image, participants reported if it was old or new, and rated the arousal (low to high) and valence (neutral to negative). We measured dPrime at each test and calculated a difference score for overnight memory improvement. Sleep was recorded using Oura ring, a multi-sensor wearable sleep tracker. Mixed linear models determined the effect of menstrual phase on EPT, with visit as a covariate, and relevant sleep features.

Results
Irrespective of age, menstrual cycle phase (p&lt;0.05) predicted overnight dPrime change score for negative images. Specifically, memory improvement was the highest during mid-luteal, while menses showed the most forgetting. In addition, longer time in bed was associated with less forgetting (p&lt;0.01). These effects were not observed for neutral images (ps&gt;0.05).

Conclusion
Menstrual phases are characterized by specific sex hormone profiles that can interact with both memory and sleep. The current findings indicate that sleep-dependent memory may also be affected by these changes, specifically memories that have negative emotionally content are more resilient to forgetting during the midluteal phase when both estrogen and progesterone are highest. Future studies (e.g., sleep manipulation) are required to reveal the specific sleep features associated with these effects.

Support (If Any)
RF1AG061355 (Baker/Mednick)
0123 The impact of sleep, stress, and environmental context on memory pre- and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
Authors: Silva-Jones Jillian , Smith Anna , Crosswell Alexandra , Gordon Amie , Mendes Wendy Berry , Whitehurst Lauren 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the lives of many people. The risk and interpersonal cost of infection as well as the public health measures implemented to mitigate the spread likely have psychological costs. Yet, due to the ever-changing nature of the pandemic, psychological impact has been difficult to capture through research efforts. Here, we leveraged an on-going, geographically representative study to examine the relationship among sleep, stress, and memory function before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Participants (N=1958, aged=18+) were enrolled in a 21-day ecological momentary assessment study. All participants provided demographic information, including zipcodes, which were used to identify rural vs urban locale. Participants were instructed to complete up to three daily check-ins during set time windows—morning, afternoon, night--via a phone application. At each morning check-in, participants were asked about sleep duration and quality, and at every check-in, participants reported perceived stress ratings. Participants also completed a paired-associates memory task on Day 2 of the study. For the task, participants were instructed to encode a list of 20 unrelated word and picture pairs. Immediately after encoding, participants were tested on five picture-word pairs. Tests 2 and 3 occurred on a unique set of five words from the initial list three and six days after initial encoding, respectively. Pre- and during COVID assessments were defined as March 2019 to March 2020 and April 2020 to October 2021, respectively.

Results
Mixed effects binomial regressions revealed that pre-COVID, longer sleep durations were associated with better memory performance (ß=.09, p&lt;.05), and counterintuitively, higher subjective sleep quality was associated with worse memory performance (ß=-.35, p&lt;.001). During COVID, longer nighttime awakenings were associated with poorer memory performance (ß=-.01, p&lt;.05) and living in a rural vs urban environment was associated with poorer memory performance (ß=.48, p&lt;.01). Older age was associated with worse memory performance pre- and during COVID (ß=-.01, p&lt;.01). Stress was not related to memory pre- or during COVID in these models.

Conclusion
Findings support that sleep difficulty before and during the pandemic likely impacts memory function. Additionally, those living in rural U.S. environments may be particularly vulnerable to cognitive changes in the pandemic context.

Support (If Any)
0124 Dextroamphetamine biases the brain towards enhanced spatial selective attention compared over working memory
Authors: tselha tenzin , Whitehurst Lauren , Mednick Sara 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
There is a growing trend in the non-medical use of prescription psychostimulant (PStim) in healthy adults One of the main reasons of increased usage of PStim is due to their perceived benefits on the cognitive capacity. However, evidences from empirical studies on healthy adults point to an inconclusive answer. There are various factors which could have contributed to these overall mixed findings. These factors range from differences in drug dosages, individual baseline variability and use of different tasks. However, one of the important factors that previous studies have not considered is the presence possible selective bias of PStim towards a specific cognitive domain over others which may lead to its selective enhancement at the cost of others’ degradation.

Methods
To study this, we carried out a double blind, placebo-controlled study, with repeated measures design to investigate the differential influence of a stimulant drug (DEX vs PBO) on the cognitive skills of working memory (WM) and spatial selective attentive in the form multiple object tracking (MOT) across a period of a day. We compared the change in the performance of WM and MOT in DEX vs PBO conditions at 1) pre-drug baseline, 2) 75 minutes post-drug (peak concentration), 3) 12 hours post-drug intake (washout).

Results
First, we found that DEX did not have any overall significant effect on WM performance across a period of day compared to the placebo condition. We also found that MOT performance was rescued by DEX, unlike the placebo condition in which the MOT performance degraded over different testing periods across a wake day period. Importantly, we found that during the peak concentration of DEX in the body MOT performance was significantly superior to that of the WM performance. This superiority of MOT over WM was not present before the drug administration (baseline) and also returned to a level similar to baseline after a gap of 12hours.

Conclusion
Overall, our study findings suggest that DEX has a favorable bias towards MOT compared to WM and selectively enhances its performance when the brain is required to support both of these two cognitive domains concurrently.

Support (If Any)
0125 Fluid Intelligence Does Not Mediate Cognitive Throughput Deficits during Total Sleep Deprivation
Authors: Honn Kimberly , Kurinec Courtney , Hinson John , Whitney Paul , Van Dongen Hans 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) has been used in sleep research to measure slowing of cognitive throughput. The task shows large aptitude differences in baseline performance and substantial inter-individual differences in vulnerability to performance deficits during total sleep deprivation (TSD). Fluid intelligence (Gf) is generally positively related to processing speed. However, DSST performance is typically found to be independent of Gf. The possible interaction of sleep loss with Gf on performance remains to be examined.

Methods
N=56 healthy adults (ages 22–37, 29 females) completed a 4-day/3-night in-laboratory study and were randomly assigned (2:1 ratio) to a TSD (n=37) or control (n=19) condition. Sleep opportunities were from 22:00–08:00 on the first (baseline) and last (recovery) night for the TSD group and on all three nights for the control group. Subjects completed a 4min, computerized DSST twice on day 2 (baseline) and twice on day 3 (TSD or control). At baseline, subjects also completed the Shipley Institute of Living Scale (SILS). The abstraction score was used to categorize fluid intelligence (Gf) as relatively high (≥34, n=36) or low (&lt;34, n=20). Mean DSST throughput (number of correct responses in the 4min task) was analyzed using mixed-effects ANOVA with fixed effects for day (2, 3), condition (TSD, control), and their interaction, with and without Gf category (high, low) as a covariate.

Results
As expected, DSST throughput was significantly reduced by TSD (day by condition interaction: F[1,166]=27.99, p&lt;0.001). Adding Gf had no effect on the day by condition interaction, and Gf category was not significant as a covariate (F[1,166]=1.67, p=0.20).

Conclusion
Our results indicate that the Gf measure from the SILS does not capture the aspects of cognition that are influenced by TSD and that lead to a decline in DSST throughput. This is consistent with findings that while the DSST has high sensitivity for cognitive dysfunction in clinical settings, it has low specificity in identifying components of cognition responsible for dysfunction.

Support (If Any)
ONR N00014-13-1-0302 and PRMRP W81XWH-20-1-0442.
0137 Phase response curve for effects of school start times on students’ diurnal learning rhythm
Authors: Yeo Sing Chen , Yabuki Hana , Charoenthammanon Rachel , Gooley Joshua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
School start times impose constraints on sleep-wake behaviour that can result in social jet lag. Here, we used university archived datasets (1) to test whether social jet lag was associated with lower grades, and (2) to assess the phase resetting effects of school start times on students’ diurnal learning behaviour.

Methods
Social jet lag was estimated in 33,645 university students by measuring the phase shift in their Learning Management System (LMS) login rhythm on school days relative to non-school days (LMS social jet lag). ANCOVA was used to test the association between LMS social jet lag and grade point average, adjusting for demographic variables. We constructed a phase response curve by plotting phase shifts on school days (LMS social jet lag) against the initial phase when students’ first class of the day took place. The initial phase was expressed relative to students’ LMS login rhythm on non-school days (LMS chronotype).

Results
Students with greater LMS social jet lag had a lower grade point average (ANCOVA: F9,32269 = 44.8, P &lt; 0.001). Social jet lag was larger in students with a later LMS login rhythm on non-school days (later chronotype) and for earlier school start times. The phase response curve revealed that the direction and magnitude of social jet lag were strongly dependent on the phase of students’ diurnal rhythm when their first class of the day took place. Phase shifts of up to 12 h were observed when school start times occurred out of phase with students’ diurnal rhythm.

Conclusion
School start times have a profound impact on students’ diurnal behaviour. Students whose diurnal patterns of LMS logins were similar on both school days and non-school days obtained better grades than their peers with LMS social jet lag. Universities can potentially improve learning by scheduling classes at times that are better aligned with students’ diurnal learning rhythm.

Support (If Any)
Data storage and management were supported by the NUS Office of the Senior Deputy President & Provost and ALSET. The work was funded by the Ministry of Education, Singapore (MOE2019-T2-2-074) and the National Research Foundation, Singapore (NRF2016-SOL002-001).
0146 Sevoflurane preconditioning promotes sleep reintegration from lipopolysaccharide induced shattered sleep
Authors: Nemoto Tsuyoshi , Irukayama-Tomobe Yoko , Hirose Yuki , Takahashi Satoshi , Takahashi Genki , Tanaka Hiromu , Yanagisawa Masashi , Kanbayashi Takashi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Anesthesia and sleep partially share neural circuits, yet little is known regarding the effect of anesthetics on sleep. Anesthetic agents exhibit a variety of biological effects concomitant with anesthesia. Sevoflurane, one of the wildly used volatile anesthetics, is known to increase the survival of sepsis model mice. Systemic inflammation like sepsis increases the inflammatory mediators in the brain affecting sleep dynamics with increase in NREM and decrease in REM. We hypothesized that sevoflurane preconditioning positively impacts disturbed sleep caused by systemic inflammation.

Methods
We conducted a prospective, randomized laboratory investigation in C57BL/6J mice. A mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation was employed to investigate the effects of sevoflurane on sleep recovery. We evaluated symptoms recovery through electroencephalography/electromyography (EEG/EMG) and histological studies. The mice were exposed to 2% sevoflurane before and after peritoneal injection of LPS. The EEG and EMG were recorded for 24 h after the procedure. Brain tissue was harvested after the sevoflurane/LPS procedure and was immunostained using individual antibodies against choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and Fos.[YI1] We quantitatively analyzed the ChAT-positive and ChAT/Fos double-positive cells in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (PPTg/LDTg).

Results
Compared to control mice, mice preconditioned with sevoflurane but not post-conditioned showed a significant recuperation in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and waking time during EEG recording following the LPS challenge. They also demonstrated shorter REM latency and restored theta power, indicating an early recovery from LPS-altered sleep. The bouts of REM episodes were retained with sevoflurane preconditioning. The number of ChAT/Fos double-positive cells in the PPTg/LDTg decreased by LPS challenge. However, group with sevoflurane preconditioning followed by LPS challenge showed higher number of activated neurons, restoring physiological degree of activation.

Conclusion
Compared to control mice, mice preconditioned with sevoflurane but not post-conditioned showed a significant recuperation in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and waking time during EEG recording following the LPS challenge. They also demonstrated shorter REM latency and restored theta power, indicating an early recovery from LPS-altered sleep. The bouts of REM episodes were retained with sevoflurane preconditioning. The number of ChAT/Fos double-positive cells in the PPTg/LDTg decreased by LPS challenge. However, group with sevoflurane preconditioning followed by LPS challenge showed higher number of activated neurons, restoring physiological degree of activation.

Support (If Any)
0160 Sleep and high body mass index in adolescents: Ethnicity and socioeconomic status as moderators
Authors: Ji Xiaopeng , Covington Lauren , Brownlow Janeese 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Sleep deficiency and obesity disproportionately affect racial/ethnic minorities and those with lower socioeconomic status (SES). Considerable research has linked sleep deficiency to overweight/obesity. Less clear is the interactive effects of sleep duration (SD) and social determinants (i.e., SES, race/ethnicity) on weight status in adolescents. This study examined the role of race/ethnicity and SES as moderators of associations between SD and overweight/obesity in a nationally representative adolescent sample.

Methods
Using the National Survey of Children’s Health 2017-2018 dataset, we included adolescents (10-17 y.o.) with available SD and Body Mass Index (BMI) data (n=24,337). Parents reported children’s SD and sleep regularity. Adolescents with a BMI ≥85th percentile were classified as overweight/obese. We used a stepwise approach to identify SES factors and covariates to include in the model. Accounting for complex survey design, as well as sleep regularity and selected covariates (i.e., age, sex, smoking, exercise, and depression, diabetes), logistic regression (STATA 16.0) estimated the interaction between SD and selected social determinants (i.e., race/ethnicity, family income, primary caregiver education, neighborhood condition) in adolescents.

Results
Every hour increase in SD was associated with a 7% decrease in the odds of high BMI (OR=0.93, p=0.03) regardless of race/ethnicity and SES. There were significant interactions between SD and social determinants. Compared with the White (OR=0.88, p&lt;0.001), the association between longer sleep and lower odds of high BMI was weakened and even reversed in Hispanic adolescents (OR=1.20, p=0.02). Similarly, family income below 100% FPL (versus 300% or above) (OR=1.19, p=0.02) and primary caregiver having education below high school (versus high school or above) (OR=1.15, p=0.03) also attenuated the associations. Poor neighborhood condition was not a moderator but independently associated with high BMI (OR=1.57, p=0.02).

Conclusion
Adolescence may be a sensitive period that sets the stage for the interaction between sleep and social risk factors on overweight/obesity. Increasing sleep duration is associated with decreased risk of overweight/obesity, but the protective role is dampened in Hispanic adolescents and those with the low SES. Our findings suggest that sleep-related prevention and intervention efforts should target at-risk populations who experience health disparities.

Support (If Any)
0161 Strategies for Enhancing Recruitment of Adults for Randomized Controlled Trial Among Heterogenous Sample of Cancer Survivors with Insomnia Amid the Covid Pandemic
Authors: Loomis Dianne , Tyrpak Donna , Larkin Karen , Kwon Misol , Foltz-Ramos Kelly , Mclaughlin Pamela , Gaughan Mary Rose , Dickerson Suzanne , Dean Grace 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Challenges associated with recruiting participants in a longitudinal research study have been recognized yet remain a major barrier for researchers. The current study details strategies used in recruiting a heterogenous sample of cancer survivors with insomnia from multiple clinical sites, referral sources and outreach.

Methods
Enrollment goals were 158 participants over 3 years (June 2019 to May 2022). Recruitment strategies included 1) face-to-face (FTF) recruitment at hospital clinics; 2) posting recruitment flyers in clinical settings; 3) completion of insomnia screening instrument at community clinic sites; 4) research registries; 5) institutional social media outreach; 6) community events; 7) PI interview and request for study volunteers in local newspaper; and 8) ongoing engagement and communication with recruited participants.

Results
108 of 158 participants have been recruited and completed baseline surveys; 9 participants dropped out. To date, 42 of 49 (85.7%) participants have completed the 12-month study. June 2019 through December 2019 FTF recruitment occurred, where 104 were eligible and 32 (30.76%) were enrolled. Due to changes in study personnel and the COVID pandemic restricting access to in-person recruitment and enrollment, the study pivoted to develop protocols for electronic consent and enrollment using video conferencing. In addition, research databases, institutional social media, community events and local newspaper were utilized, where 76 of 239 (31.79%) interested participants enrolled. The most effective recruitment strategies included on-site FTF recruitment (57.9%) and local newspaper interview (13.88%). The local newspaper interview was the most cost-effective considering personnel costs associated with FTF recruitment.

Conclusion
Despite the onset of the COVID pandemic during the recruitment phase, we were able to pivot and employ innovative techniques to meet our targeted enrollment goal for the projected study deadline. FTF recruitment, perceived value by clinic staff in benefitting cancer survivors, and participants’ acceptance of video-conferencing were significant contributors. The importance of building and maintaining relationships with providers and nurses in local clinical sites cannot be underestimated.

Support (If Any)
This research was funded by R01 NR018215 (Dean) by the National Institute of Nursing Research.
0166 The Role of Vitamin B12 Supplementation in the Association between Depression Symptoms and Daytime Sleepiness
Authors: Klettner Annelise , Perez Elliottnell 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
A substantial body of literature has demonstrated an association between depression and sleep disturbances. While depressive symptoms are strongly associated with limited sleep duration and quality, high depressive symptomology has been also linked to symptoms of hypersomnolence. Vitamin B12 supplementation is associated with reduced risk of depression and the enhancement of pharmacological treatment for depression, but less is known about the role of vitamin B12 on sleep disturbances associated with depressive symptoms. Thus, our current study examined vitamin B12 intake as a moderator of depression and daytime sleepiness in a national sample of adults.

Methods
The sample consisted of 5,553 adults who completed the 2017-18 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (M age=49.8, SD=18.6; 51.7% female). Participants reported on prescription and nonprescription dietary supplement use in the last 30 days, sleep habits and disorders adapted from the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, and completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression screening. All measures were administered by trained interviewers. A moderation analysis was performed using R statistical programming. The analysis controlled for age, gender, ethnicity, sleep duration, and other B-complex vitamins (e.g., B1, B2, B3, and B6).

Results
Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with greater daytime sleepiness (b=.06, p &lt;.001). Furthermore, there was a significant interaction between depressive symptoms and vitamin B12 consumption (b=-.002, p=.003, R2=.12). Higher vitamin B12 consumption buffered the relationship between depressive symptoms and daytime sleepiness. In contrast, a stronger positive relationship between depressive symptoms and daytime sleepiness was observed among participants with lower Vitamin B12 consumption. Thus, the findings suggest that consuming vitamin B12 may be beneficial for counteracting daytime sleepiness associated with depression.

Conclusion
Findings from the current study suggest that vitamin B12 supplementation provides a small, but significant buffering effect on the relationship between depressive symptoms and daytime sleepiness. Although existing pharmacological and behavioral interventions for sleep and depression are clinically effective, vitamin B12 intake may be an additional modifiable behavior that could increase prognosis of treatment. Given the very modest interaction effect, further

Support (If Any)