bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting the Surgical Site Infections in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Internal Fixation Surgery: A New Predictive Nomogram is Evelopmenting and Assessmenting
Authors: Chen Tianyou , Liu Chong , Zhang Zide , Liang Tuo , Chen Jiarui , Jiang Jie , Li Hao , Guo Hao , chen wuhua , ye zhen , yao yuanlin , liao shian , zhan xinli 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this research is to develop and validate a nomogram of the risk of surgical site infections in Patients Undergoing lumbar Internal Fixation Surgery.
Patients and methods:
We had collected a total of 1327 patients with lumbar internal fixation surgery, 1273 patients were normal lumbar fixation group and 54 patients in the surgical site infections group. Patients are divided into two echelons of testing and verification, and R software is used as the only statistical analysis. In the training tests, first, single factor logistic regression analysis was used to select potential predictors with significant p-values. Then multivariate logistic regression analysis is used to filter out the predictors which we need. A nomogram was constructed using the coefficients of variable provided by Multivariate logistic regression analysis, the calibration and clinical applicability of the predictive model are evaluated by using the C index, calibration curve, and decision curve. In addition, we use internal verification tests to verify the built model.
Results
This unprecedented nomogram of SSI risk for lumbar Internal Fixation Surgery includes modic status, glucose, Hb, ESR, blood transfusion, sebum thickness. The model shows a good degree of discrimination, with a C index of 0.975 (95% confidence interval: 0. 964, 0. 987) and good alignment. The decision curve analysis showed that the SSI nomogram is clinically meaningful when the 1% probability threshold of the normal group is used to determine the intervention. The C-index of the validation test was 0.981(95% confidence interval: 0. 957, 1.005).
Conclusion
This novel SSI prediction nomogram combines Modic status, glucose, Hb, ESR, blood transfusion, sebum thickness, and can be easily used for individualized SSI probability prediction in lumbar Internal Fixation Surgery patients.
Anomalous Method of Cement-Sand Ratio Evaluation in Hardened Cement-Mortar or Cement-Concrete
Authors: Tiwari Shaleeni , Aggarwal Deeksha , Nirvan Arpit , Kumar Surendra 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Construction or creation is a genetic human tendency and places, pyramids, houses, villas, bridges, fly-overs, etc. are living examples of this inborn tendency. Civil construction is possible through proper binding materials which can bind all the construction components together. Lime has been used for centuries for this purpose but in the modern era, Portland cement has taken its place. Portland cement is widely being used to bind bricks, stones, or other construction materials in the form of cement- mortar or cement concrete. Cement-mortar or cement -concrete is made by mixing cement in a certain ratio to fine aggregates(sand) or fine and coarse aggregates together, and this certain ratio is quite important for the durability, strength, and sustainability of any civil construction. Sometimes, civil construction gets collapsed unfortunately and the ratio of cement-sand becomes the crucial point of investigation to ascertain the cause of failure. The most used method for this purpose is the acid digestion method, which is based on an insoluble percentage of silica in the cement-mortar or cement-concrete, but this method is quite lengthy having multiple stages of filtering, drying, weighing, causing multiple sources of errors. For precision, the silica percentage is being calculated through EDX/XRF nowadays. EDX/XRF method is fast as well as precise also but requires quite a costly set up as well as quite a time consuming also in respect of proper sampling and sample preparation. The present method is almost emerged as precise as the acid digestion method but gives quicker results with fewer error sources.
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Decision Support Based on EDAS and Grey Relational Degree for Historic Bridges Reconstruction Priority
Authors: Rogulj Katarina , Pamuković Jelena Kilić , Antucheviciene Jurgita , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bridge management includes all actions in the life cycle of bridge, in order to insure its safety, stability and functionality. Numerous problems have been identified that are primarily related to the organization of planning and the role of decision-making in reconstruction planning of the historic pedestrian bridges. The planning process of reconstruction of these bridges is crucial due to increased traffic load, poor condition or damage of bridges. Some of these bridges are part of the cultural heritage, while some are unfairly neglected. The motivation for this research arose from the need to establish the priority for the reconstruction of historic pedestrian bridges to achieve their safety, stability, functionality, and cultural preservation. A new decision support model based on intuitionistic fuzzy group decision-making to the multicriteria analysis of the historic pedestrian bridges reconstruction planning is created. The model combines multicriteria method Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution and grey relational degree (GRD) with intuitionistic fuzzy theory. Three relevant decision groups of experts are formed, with the knowledge and expertise in the area of research problematic, establishing criteria for the evaluation. A new approach of consistency of criteria weights is proposed. The intuitionistic fuzzy likelihood function is developed for the aggregation of evaluations of bridges. Furthermore, GRD values are calculated to determine the reconstruction priority ranking of bridges for each decision group. The final ranking is defined by integrating Integer Linear Programming (ILP) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), determining spatial-functional, time, and financial constraints.
Common Variable Immunodeficiency and Its Inflammatory Neurological Manifestations: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Martins Bárbara , Miranda Joana , Pinto Maria João , Costa Andreia , Silva-Pinto André , Melo Natália , Ceia Filipa , Costa José Torres , Guimarães Joana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID) are a group of primary immunodeficiencies characterized by impaired immunoglobulin production and dysregulated immune response. Neurological manifestations have been described in few patients, and little is known about its clinic and therapeutic approach. Thus, the aim of this work was to review the literature on it and to help differentiate CVID from its mimics, especially sarcoidosis.
Methods
We described a case report and included a literature review of inflammatory neurological involvement in CVID.
Results
A 32-year-old female patient with a medical history of recurrent bacterial infections, temporal focal epilepsy and granulomatous lung disease under study, and cervix squamous cell carcinoma, was initially admitted to the emergency department due to intracranial hypertension. After excluding infectious and neoplastic etiologies, the most likely hypothesis was that granulomatous pulmonary, cerebral, and leptomeningeal inflammatory involvement were associated with sarcoidosis. Two years later, a diagnosis of CVID was made, and the patient was secondarily diagnosed with Granulomatous and Lymphocytic Interstitial Lung Disease (GLILD) and related inflammatory brain disease – both complications of CVID. After starting targeted treatment with immunoglobulin replacement and pulse glucocorticoids followed by a chronic taper, the patient became stable. However, three consecutive failures in immunoglobulin intake led to disease recurrence with relapse of neurological manifestations.
Conclusion
This case illustrates the complex multiple organ manifestations of CVID. When granulomatous conditions arise in these patients, GLILD with multisystem involvement should be taken in consideration. Early treatment with combined steroids and immunotherapy seems to be effective in controlling CVID’s neurological manifestations.
Spatial patterns and climate drivers of malaria in three border areas of Brazil, Venezuela and Guyana, 2016-2018
Authors: Wangdi Kinley , Wetzler Erica , Cox Horace , Marchesini Paola , Villegas Leopoldo , Canavati Sara 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction

In 2020, 77% of malaria cases in the Americas were concentrated in Venezuela, Brazil, and Colombia. These countries are characterized by a heterogeneous malaria landscape and malaria hotspots. Furthermore, the political unrest in Venezuela has led to significant cross-border population movement. Hence, the aim of this study was to describe spatial patterns and identify significant climatic drivers of malaria transmission along the Venezuela-Brazil-Guyana border, focusing on Bolivar state, Venezuela and Roraima state, Brazil.
Methods

Malaria case data, stratified by species from 2016-2018, were obtained from the Brazilian Malaria Epidemiology Surveillance Information System, the Guyana Vector Borne Diseases Program, the Venezuelan Ministry of Health, and civil society organizations. Spatial autocorrelation in malaria incidence was explored using Getis-Ord (Gi*) statistics. A Poisson regression model was developed with a conditional autoregressive prior structure and posterior parameters were estimated using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation with Gibbs sampling. Climatic covariates were precipitation and minimum and maximum temperature.
Results

There were 685,498 malaria cases during the study period. Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species (71.7%, 490,861). Malaria hotspots were located in eight municipalities along the Venezuela and Guyana international borders with Brazil. Plasmodium falciparum decreased by 1.6% (95% credible interval [CrI] 1.5%, 2.3%) and 9.6% (95% CrI 1.5%, 25.2%) per 1 cm increase in six-month lagged precipitation and each 1°C increase of minimum temperature without lag. Each 1°C increase of one-month lagged maximum temperature increased P. falciparum by 6.6% (95% CrI 4.8%, 21.7%). P. vivax cases decreased by 1.0% (95% CrI 1.0%, 1.1%) and 7.0% (95% CrI 6.5%, 7.5%) for each 1 cm increase of precipitation lagged at six-months and 1°C increase in minimum temperature lagged at six-months. There was no significant residual spatial clustering after accounting for climatic covariates.
Conclusion

Malaria hotspots were located along the Venezuela and Guyana international border with Roraima state, Brazil. In addition to population movement, climatic variables are important drivers of malaria transmission in these areas.
Trichoderma Asperellum as a Novel Source to Prepare Chitosan Oligosaccharides by Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Its Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Siqiang Wang , Jinyu Zhang , Lichao Pan , Kun Li , Liuya Wang , zhu zhenyuan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS), as an important biological functional component, are mainly produced from marine resources, while their source face great challenges, such as seasonal variation, discontinuity and demineralization. In this study, the chitosan was extracted by alkaline method from Trichoderma asperellum, and then it was degraded with enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain the COS. The physicochemical characterization of chitosan from Trichoderma asperellum was compared with commercial chitosan, including chitosan content, deacetylation degree, chemical group, and molecular weight. Then, the enzymatic hydrolysis rates of Trichoderma asperellum chitosan and commercial chitosan were similar, 89.37 and 91.56%, respectively. Moreover, the composition of COS was tested by TLC, HPLC and MALDI-TOF, which results shown that Trichoderma asperellum COS was composed of chitotriose, chitopentaose and chitohexaose, and commercial COS was composed of chitotriose, chitotetraose, chitopentaose, chitohexaose and four acetylated chitohexaose. The antibacterial activity for Trichoderma asperellum COS was greatly stronger commercial COS. In conclusion, Trichoderma asperellum proved to be a novel potential source for COS production.
Multi-factor Models after the Financial Crisis - An empirical analysis for the German stock market
Authors: Hennecke Peter , Jessen Ragnar , Topalov Mihail 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The subject of this paper is the analysis of multi-factor models at the German stock market, based on the latest stock market data. The focal point is the question in how far the Capital Asset Pricing Model-compatible single-factor model, the three-factor model developed by Fama and French, as well as Carhart’s four-factor model can serve as empirical explanatory contributions after the financial crisis of 2007 and 2008. The collected findings suggest that even after the crisis, Carhart’s model will continue to have strong empirical explanatory power for the cross section of German stock returns in the evaluation period. Moreover, it becomes apparent that the requirements of an equilibrium model might still be met.
Effect of short-term educational intervention on complementary feeding index among infants in rural Bangladesh: a randomized control trial
Authors: Rahman Aminur , Bhuiyan Badrul , Das Sumon Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Timely, adequate and appropriate CF is essential for the growth and cognitive development of infants, but until today, evidence-based information is scarce in terms of impact evaluation of CF index (CFI). The study aimed to examine the effect of the short-term intervention of promoting CFCF practices on the nutritional status of infants in rural Bangladesh. Methods: An educational-intervention study followed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design (NCT03024710). Mothers and family members in the intervention arm received intensive counselling on CFCF through community health workers (CHWs), whereas existing healthcare services were received in the comparison arm. The study was carried out in the rural Matlab sub-district of Bangladesh between April 2011 and March 2013. In the specified study areas among 360 mother-infant pairs systematically assigned into intervention group and comparison group. Short-term educational intervention on CF was provided for the intervention group and existing services were un-intervened for the comparison group. The outcome of interventions was evaluated after the implementation period using Generalized equation estimation model. Results: At baseline, the study participants were not different except mean height, weight-for-age Z score (WAZ) and religion in between two groups. The mean CFI was significantly higher at intervention area than the comparison and higher category of CFI (score 10 or more) was significantly higher at intervention area than comparison. After adjustment, one-unit CFI increased height-for-age z score by 0.07 units and decreased WAZ by 0.13 units in the intervention group but not significantly changed observed at comparison group. Conclusion: Guided short-term nutritional intervention and developed CFI indicated a significantly better score in intervention area than comparison groups and would be a well adaptable tool for future studies. Trial registration: The trial was registered (NCT03024710) at clinical trial registration website. Date of registration: 1/19/2017Name of the registry: Clinical Trial.govDate of registration: 19/1/2017 (retrospective registered)URL of trial:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03024710
New Strain of Bjerkandera Adust as a Potential Biocontrol Agent Against Wheat Scab
Authors: Li Suping , Li Yong , Feng Xiao , Zhang Jingjie , He Xinhua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bjerkandera adusta can decompose polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including cellulose and lignin, but its roles in inhibiting plant pathogens are unknown. Here, the confrontation culture and greenhouse pot experiments were employed to study the control effect of B. adusta M1 on Fusarium graminearum and wheat scab. The results indicted the B. adusta M1 fermentation broth (FB) could inhibit the growth of F. graminearum and decrease the disease index of wheat scab, and the control effects on wheat scab were 93.27% of the chemical fungicide carbendazim. The growth rate was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in B. adusta M1 than in F. graminearum, indicating a strong competitiveness by B. adusta M1. The images from the scanning electron microscope showed substantial deformations of the hyphae of F. graminearum penetrated by the hyphae of B. adusta M1, indicating a strong mycoparasitism by B. adusta M1. Similarly, FB increased the activities of leaf catalase, peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase related to disease resistance, and decreased the cell membrane permeability and malondialdehyde. So we concluded that B. adusta M1 could be a promising fungal strain to control the detriment of F. graminearum to field cereal productions.
Regulatory Emotional Self-efficacy and Psychological Distress among Medical Students:Multiple Mediating Roles of Interpersonal Adaptation and Self-acceptance
Authors: Zhang Xuemin , Yue Heng , Sun Junfang , Liu Min , Li Cuiyun , Bao Hugejiletu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Psychological distress (depression, anxiety and stress) is more common among medical students than in the general population, and is an important cause of insomnia, internet addiction, substance abuse, decreased academic performance and increased suicidality in medical students.
Methods

To examine the mechanism by which regulatory emotional self-efficacy affects medical students' psychological distress, a questionnaire of 539 medical students using an interpersonal adaptability scale, regulatory emotional self-efficacy scale, self-acceptance scale and depression-anxiety-stress scale was conducted.
Results

① Regulatory emotional self-efficacy, interpersonal adaptability and self-acceptance are significantly positively correlated, but they are significantly negatively correlated with psychological distress. ② The mediation model shows that interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance are the mediation variables of the effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy on psychological distress, and the total mediation effect value is -0.37, accounting for 86.05% of the total effect (-0.43). Specifically, the effect involves three paths: first, the indirect effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy → interpersonal adaptation → psychological distress (effect value-0.24); second, the indirect effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy → interpersonal adaptation → self-acceptance → psychological distress (effect value-0.08); and third, the indirect effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy → self-acceptance → psychological distress (effect value -0.05).
Conclusions

Interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance have a significant mediating effect between regulatory emotional self-efficacy and psychological distress, and the chain mediating effect of interpersonal adaptation and self-acceptance is also significant.
Identification of a 12-LncRNA long Lymph Node Metastasis Prognostic Signature for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Cheng Jingxin , Chen Rui , Liu Qin , Luo Yuehua , Zhang Xiaohua , Gao Jinli 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Despite advances in treatment strategies, the prognosis in early-stage patients with lymph node metastasis (LNM) remains poor, and the 5-year overall survival is ~30%. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to explore the LNM-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) for the prognosis of cervical cancer patients. We obtained LNM-relevant mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles, copy number variant (CNV), and clinical follow-up data of patients with early-stage cervical cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases.Results: Patients in the training set were divided into a high-risk score group with shorter overall survival (OS) or a low-risk score group with longer OS (p < 0.001); similar results were also determined for the validation set (p < 0.001). In addition, the CNV including chromosome arms 2q, 11q and 18q deletion, 11, 19q and 17q amplification were the most common forms in the high-risk score group. PF4708671 and GW4417556 might be sensitive drugs in chemotherapy, and the programmed death-ligand 1 expression of the low-risk score group was higher than that of the high-risk score group.Conclusions: The prognostic model based on LNM-relevant lncRNAs could help determining the immune status of cervical cancer patients at an early stage; this is conducive to accurate clinical diagnosis and individual treatment.
Double and Triple Burdens of Malnutrition Among Child-Mother Pairs in Ethiopia: Spatial and Survey Regression Analysis
Authors: Tarekegn Bethelihem Tigabu , Assimamaw Nega Tezera , Atalell Kendalem Asmare , Kassa Selam Fisiha , Muhye Addis Bilal , Techane Masresha Asmare , Alemu Tewodros Getaneh , Wubneh Chalachew Adugna , Belay Getaneh Mulualem , Tamir Tadesse Tarik , Kassie Destaye Guadie , Wondim Amare , Terefe Bewuketu , Ali Mohammed Seid , Fentie Beletech , Gonete Almaz Tefera , Tekeba Berhan , Desta Bogale Kassahun , Dessie Melkamu Tilahun , Ayele Amare Demsie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Evidences on double and triple burdens of malnutrition at household level among child-mother pairs is a key towards addressing the problem of malnutrition. In Ethiopia, studies on the double and triple burdens of malnutrition are scarce. Even though, there is a study on the double burden of malnutrition at national level in Ethiopia it has limitations. It doesn’t assess the triple burdens at all and a few forms of the double burden of malnutrition among child-mother pairs. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of double burden and triple burden of malnutrition among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia.
Methods

A total sample of 7,624 child-mother pairs from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 were included in the study. All analysis were performed considering complex sampling design. Anthropometric measurements and hemoglobin levels of children and anthropometric measurements of their mothers were considered primarily to compute double burden of malnutrition (DBM) and triple burden of malnutrition (TBM). Spatial analysis was applied to detect geographic variation of prevalence of double and triple burdens of malnutrition among EDHS clusters. Bivariable and multivariable binary survey logistic regression models were used to assess the factors associated with DBM and TBM.
Results

The overall weighted prevalence of DBM and TBM respectively were 1.8% (95%CI: 1.38-2.24) and 1.2% (95%CI: 0.83-1.57) among pairs of a child-mother in Ethiopia. Significant clusters of high prevalence of DBM and TBM were identified. In the adjusted multivariable survey logistic regression models, middle household economic status [AOR=0.23, 95%CI: 0.06, 0.89] as compared to the poor, average birth weight [AOR=0.26, 95%CI: 0.09, 0.80] as compared to large birth weight and children aged 24-35 months [AOR=0.19, 95%CI: 0.04,0.95] as compared to 6-12 months were less likely to experience DBM. Average birth weight [AOR=0.26, 95%CI: 0.09, 0.80] as compared to large birth weight and children aged 24-35 months [AOR=0.19, 95%CI: 0.04,0.95] as compared to 6-12 months were less likely to experience TBM.
Conclusion

There is low prevalence of DBM and TBM among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia. However, interventions tailored on geographic areas, wealth index, birth weight and child birth could help to control the emerging DBM and TBM at household level among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia.