bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voxel-Based Intraclass Correlation Coefficient to Evaluate the Inter-
Scanner Reproducibility of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping Over the
Deep Gray Matter Structure at 3.0T MR
Authors: Chen Zhiye , Meng Qinglin , Liu Mengqi 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) technique can be used to
quantitatively evaluate the cerebral iron deposition of the deep gray matter structure (DGM) in clinical
practice. However, it could be significantly important to assess the reproducibility of the susceptibility
values at different magnetic resonance (MR) scanners before the QSM technique can be widely used in
clinical applications.

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the reproducibility of susceptibility value of the deep gray matter
structure (DGM) at two different MR systems with the same magnetic strength.

Methods:
Raw data of 21 normal subjects (M/F = 7/14, median age 29 (21, 63) years) were acquired
from a 3D multi-echo enhanced gradient recalled echo sequence at two different 3.0T MR systems, and
STI software was used to reconstruct the magnetic susceptibility images. Brain structural images were
used to be coregistered with magnitude images to generate normalized parameters and normalized
susceptibility images. Voxel-based intraclass correlation coefficient (VB-ICC) was used to evaluate the
reproducibility of susceptibility value of DGM at different 3.0T MR systems.

Results:
DGM with ICC > 0.75 is located in the bilateral posterior putamen and globus pallidus, bilateral
red nuclei, and left dental nucleus. DGM with 0.6 < ICC < 0.75 is mainly located in the bilateral
anterior putamen and globus pallidus, the margin of the bilateral red nuclei, right dental nucleus, and
the margin of the left dental nucleus. DGM with 0.4 < ICC < 0.6 is located in anterior parts of the bilateral
putamen, bilateral globus pallidus and substantia nigra, the margin of the bilateral dental nuclei,
and the inferior part of the right dental nucleus.

Conclusion:
DGM presented regional dependent reproducibility of susceptibility value at two different
3.0T MR systems based on VB-ICC analysis.
Application of Selenium Nanoparticles in Localized Drug Targeting for Cancer
Therapy
Authors: Nath Dipak , Kaur Loveleen , Sohal Harvinder Singh , Malhi Dharambeer Singh , Garg Sonali , Thakur Deepa 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have gained a place in the biomedical field; they serve as
chemotherapeutic agents for targeted drug delivery due to their capacity to exert distinct mechanisms of action on
cancer and normal cells. The principle behind these mechanisms is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS),
which accelerates apoptosis via the dysfunction of various pathways. SeNPs, when used in higher concentrations,
induce toxicity; however, conjugation and surface functionalization are some techniques available to ameliorate their
toxic nature as well as enhance their anticancer activity.

Objectives:
The primary goal of this analysis is to provide a thorough and systematic investigation into the use of various
SeNPs in localized drug targeting for cancer therapy. This has been achieved by citing examples of numerous
SeNPs and their use as a drug targeting agent for cancer therapy.

Methods:
All relevant data and information about the various SeNPs for drug targeting in cancer therapy were gathered from various databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Taylor and Francis imprints, American Chemical Society, Springer, Royal Society of Chemistry, and Google scholar.

Results:
SeNPs are explored due to their better biopharmaceutical properties and cytostatic behavior. Se, as an essential
component of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and other seleno-chemical substances, might boost chemotherapeutic
efficacy and protect tissues from cellular damage caused by ROS. SeNPs have the potential to set the stage
for developing new strategies to treat malignancy.

Conclusion:
This review extensively analyzed the anticancer efficacy and functionalization strategies of SeNPs in drug
delivery to cancer cells. In addition, this review highlights the mechanism of action of drug-loaded SeNPs to suppress
the proliferation of cancer cells in different cell lines.
Regenerative Medicine for Neonatal Wound Healing
Authors: Yeo Genieve Ee Chia , Law Jia Xian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Neonates, especially premature newborns, have delicate skin that is susceptible to injury. Furthermore, they may acquire congenital skin diseases such as epidermolysis bullosa and aplasia cutis congenita that need prompt and effective treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality. Conventional management involves the covering of wound with a dressing, e.g., hydrogel, hydrocolloid and hydrofiber, which can maintain a moist wound environment that favours wound healing. More recently, regenerative medicine approaches using stem cells and skin substitutes have been introduced as bioactive substitutes to conventional wound dressings to promote and expedite neonatal wound healing, especially the difficulty to treat wounds that are deep and affect a large surface area. To date, the number of preclinical and clinical studies using stem cells and skin substitutes to treat neonatal skin diseases is still very limited. Results from these studies showed that regenerative medicine approaches are safe and effective in promoting the healing of neonatal skin diseases. In future, stem cells and skin substitutes can be combined with gene therapy to ameliorate injured skin in neonatal patients. Besides, cell-free approaches using the stem cell-derived secretome and extracellular vesicles are also gaining popularity as they are associated with fewer risks and hazards compared to stem cells. Herein, we discuss neonatal skin diseases, neonatal wound healing, the standard therapy for neonatal skin diseases, regenerative medicine approaches to promote neonatal skin regeneration and the future perspective of regenerative medicine in neonatal wound care.
WITHDRAWN: Oral toxicity studies of Ethyl Acetate Polyherbal Extract Gel Formulation Obtained from Berries and Flaxseed (EAPEG-BF) in Wistar Rats
Authors: Wal Ankita , Pandey Umeshwar , Wal Pranay , Roohi Tamsheel Fatima 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Berries family and flaxseed have been used in ethnomedicinal practice for the treatment of various disorders and different ailments. Despite its beneficial uses, no studies on its polyherbal formulated gel combination toxicity potential have been reported. The present research study was designed to evaluate the acute oral toxicity (14 days) and sub-acute oral toxicity (repeated dose) study (28 days) of ethyl acetate polyherbal extract gel formulation obtained from berries and flaxseed according to OECD TG No. 423 and 407.

Objective:
Male Wistar Rats were taken for toxicological screening of acute and sub-acute oral toxicity as per OECD guidelines of ethyl acetate polyherbal extract gel formulation obtained from berries (Rubus idaeus, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Vaccinium angustifolium, Fragaria x ananassa) and flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) at doses of 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg b.w. p.o.

Methods:
The rats were orally treated and screened for various behavioural patterns and the clinical signs of toxicity after administration. In sub-acute oral toxicity screening, the highest dose of 5000 mg/kg was selected for repeated dose toxicity for 28 days. The data of the results showed that no toxic symptoms were observed up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. When testing is required a dose of 5000mg/kg, only one step. There was no toxic symptoms and mortality were observed up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight during the 14 days of the observation. There is no visible change in the food intake and body weight when compared to control.

Results:
The toxicological study revealed that LD50 of the extract formulation gel was greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight p.o.

Conclusion:
In comparison to the control group, there were no significant changes in levels of biochemical parameters and haematological parameters. It was concluded from the data obtained in this research study that though LD50 is greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight; but there was no occurrence of observed adverse effects levels appeared in the liver, kidney, lipid profile and blood parameters.
Sustainable Hate: How Gab Built a Durable “Platform for the People”
Authors: Munn Luke 
Published: February 2022

Background: Gab is a social network and a haven for racism, sexism, and extremism. With accessible design and tech-forward products, this “platform for the people” has surged in popularity.Analysis: This article examines Gab News, analyzing its topics, sources, and platform integration. Its mix of topics creates an expansive world. Its mix of neutral and hyperpartisan sources creates a believable (yet still conservative) world. And its mix of moderate and explicit content establishes a sustainable (yet still hateful) world.Conclusion: Gab’s strategic communication offers a sustainable foundation for the radical right; understanding this is key for counteracting hate.
Pembelajaran pada Masa Covid-19 di Kluet Tengah dan Kluet Timur
Authors: Samwil  , Muzakkir  , Fadhlain Said 
Published: February 2022

This article aims to describe the implementation of online learning during the COVID-19 amid the lack of technological infrastructure available for educational institutions and the public in Kluet Tengah and Kluet Timur. This study uses an approach with a descriptive model. Data were obtained from interviews and relevant literature studies. The informants were selected using a purposive technique with specific considerations or criteria. The Covid-19 pandemic did not stop education and learning activities in Kluet Tengah and Kluet Timur. Students are still learning, and teachers are still teaching. However, the process of education and learning that takes place is very ineffective. There are many obstacles experienced by educational institutions, teachers, and students in carrying out learning activities, especially maximizing the learning process. The lack of facilities and technological infrastructure supporting the learning process makes learning effectiveness low.
Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang implementasi pembelajaran daring masa covid-19 di tengah minimnya infrastruktur teknologi yang tersedia bagi lembaga pendidikan dan masyarakat di Kluet Tengah dan Kluet Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan model deskriptif. Data diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dan studi kepustakaan yang relevan. Adapun informan penelitian dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive yaitu teknik penentuan sampel dengan pertimbangan atau kriteria tertentu. Pandemi covid-19 yang terjadi tidak membuat kegiatan pendidikan dan pembelajaran di Kluet Tengah dan Kluet Timur terhenti. Siswa masih tetap belajar dan guru juga masih tetap mengajar. Namun proses pendidikan dan pembelajaran yang berlangsung sangat tidak efektif. Ada banyak kendala yang dialami lembaga pendidikan, pemerintah, guru, dan siswa dalam melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran, terutama dalam hal memaksimalkan proses pembelajaran. Minimnya fasilitas dan infrastruktur teknologi yang mendukung proses pembelajaran daring membuat efektivitas pembelajaran menjadi tidak efektif.
Padrões de preposições em complementos locativos de verbos de movimento (Patterns of prepositions for locative complements of movement verbs)
Authors: Rodrigues Fernanda Gabrielle Costa , Freitag Raquel Meister Ko. 
Published: February 2022

As preposições que regem complementos locativos de verbos de movimento no português brasileiro estão em variação, com efeitos de prescritivismo: a e para são consideradas formas bem avaliadas socialmente para este contexto, enquanto em é corrigida, direção que é evidenciada por estudos de natureza sociolinguística. A observação do comportamento variável destas preposições que, neste contexto, têm seu traço de significado característico neutralizado, configurando um domínio funcional variável com formas em competição em uma amostra de fala universitária mostra a força prescritivista. Dos 1041 contextos de ocorrências com complementos locativos de verbos de movimento, 71% é de para, 24% de em e 5% de a . A análise por aprendizado supervisionado de máquina valida os traços controlados como variáveis nos estudos prévios. Este resultado reforça a importância de estudos de emergência de padrões linguísticos associados aos efeitos sociais, sinalizando o efeito da consciência sociolinguística na emergência da gramática.
A variação entre as formas de pretérito imperfeito e futuro do pretérito para expressar eventos contrafactuais em língua portuguesa: um estudo sociofuncionalista (The variation between the forms of past imperfect tense and future of past tense to express counterfactual events in Portuguese: a sociofunctionalist study)
Authors: Torres Fábio Fernandes , Larissa Lucena Silva Izabel 
Published: February 2022

Este artigo discute a variação entre as formas de pretérito imperfeito e futuro do pretérito em construções condicionais de natureza contrafactual, a partir dos dados de fala do português de Fortaleza, coletados por Torres (2009). O referencial teórico pressupõe o diálogo entre a Sociolinguística Variacionista e o Funcionalismo Linguístico, sob a configuração do Sociofuncionalismo, conforme Tavares (2003), Gorski; Tavares (2013), May (2009); Amorim; Sousa, (2019), entre outros. Os dados foram submetidos ao programa estatístico Goldvarb-X e analisados a partir dos seguintes grupos de fatores extralinguísticos (idade, escolaridade e sexo) e linguísticos (complexidade estrutural, ordem, tipos de verbo, polaridade, fluxo de informação e modalidade). A análise estatística revela que a complexidade estrutural, a modalidade e o sexo são condicionadores do processo de variação entre o pretérito imperfeito e futuro do pretérito no contexto sintático-semântico da condicionalidade contrafactual.
Do as I Say: A Look at the Supervisor Behaviors that Encourage Upward Communication on Audit Teams
Authors: Clor-Proell Shana M. , Kadous Kathryn , Proell Chad A. 
Published: February 2022

SYNOPSIS
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) AS1201 mandates that audit supervisors encourage auditors to raise critical issues and concerns to their attention. However, audit supervisors do not receive specific guidance on how to encourage upward communication. This may contribute to the AS1201 compliance issues suggested by research and PCAOB enforcement actions. We provide specific examples of supervisor behaviors that enhance and harm upward communication, thereby improving audit supervisors’ ability to comply with PCAOB AS1201. To do so, we report qualitative data from audit interns describing instances in which they chose to either speak up or not speak up about potential audit issues they encountered in the field. The instances illustrate the types of issues that interns encounter and reveal the role of supervisor behavior in influencing interns’ decisions to speak up.
JEL Classifications: M40.
Spatial and Seasonal Patterns of Flood Inundation in Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Jimoh Usman Umar 
Published: February 2022

The study examines spatial patterns of flood inundation in Lokoja, Kogi state, Nigeria. Maximum Likelihood Classifier algorithm of the supervised land use/cover classification technique was utilized. The results obtained from the analysis were used to estimate the magnitude and visualize the seasonal and spatial pattern of flood inundation event. Eight Landsat Images comprising of two sets for each year (dry and wet seasons) were acquired from the portal of United States Geological Survey (2018). The Landsat images were classified into land cover classes such as Built Up, Vegetation and Water Body. After completing the land cover classification, the area of each class was determined and converted to square kilometers and percentages for both wet and dry seasons. Based on the classification, the brown colour depicts the built-up areas, blue for water body, and green for vegetation. Finally, accuracy assessment was carried out using historical Google Earth images, informed knowledge of the area, and GPS coordinates. ArcMap 10.5 was used to produce land use/cover maps for the study period. The result overall, revealed the effect of flood inundation to be more intense on vegetation. 1.62%, 4.60%, 23.05% and 6.43% of vegetated land was lost in 1999, 2009, 2012 and 2018, respectively. Therefore, efforts to improve resilience against variable weather, flood inundation and seasonal uncertainties should be encouraged.
Análisis discursivo de las vacunas anticovid-19 en Twitter
Authors: Rodríguez Karines , Haber Guerra Yamile , Fonseca Valido Rafael Ángel 
Published: February 2022

El presente informe expone los resultados de un estudio de caso descriptivo asociado a los tweets publicados bajo los hashtags #vacunacoronavirus y #coronavirusvaccine. Un aporte fundamental de la investigación es la propuesta de una metodología de análisis del discurso asistido por minería de datos en un escenario asociado a mensajes multisoportes. El presente artículo con un enfoque mixto fue aplicado sobre una muestra de 1 millón de tweets extraídos de manera aleatoria por las aplicaciones Stela y Brand24. Mostramos la necesaria interrelación metodológica del uso de softwares y herramientas cuantitativas, así como la perspectiva cualitativa para determinar la interpretación de la representación simbólica que se emitió sobre la vacunación anti-covid 19. Los resultados presentan los encuadres, la polaridad, y las percepciones que adoptan los usuarios respecto a vacunas de comercialización internacional.
imaginación literaria del lector
Authors: Argüello Guzmán Luis Alfonso 
Published: February 2022

Este artículo presenta un análisis sobre como Ítalo Calvino trata la figura del lector en su obra literaria. El análisis parte de ensayos y artículos compilados en Punto y aparte, Por qué leer los clásicos, Seis propuestas para el próximo milenio y Mundo escrito y mundo no escrito, al igual que cartas incluidas en Los libros de los otros. Correspondencia (1947-1981) y Correspondencia (1940-1985). Además, toma referencias de El Castillo de los destinos cruzados, Las ciudades invisibles, El Barón Rampante y Si una noche de invierno un viajero y Palomar. La existencia del lector en la obra del escritor italiano se ve reflejada de tres modos en el juego narrativo: como ensayista y conferencista que recrea una estrategia intertextual, como personaje literario que participa del mundo de ficción narrativa y como construcción autorreferencial del mundo narrativo. El artículo se desarrolla en tres partes: desde los rasgos particulares de la imaginación literaria en Calvino, desde el mundo narrativo y el mundo del lector y desde el juego literario del lector. Para Calvino el lector participa en el mundo narrativo desde la imaginación literaria como fuente de creación/re-creación.
INOVASI FLASHCARD BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI AR SEBAGAI ALAT PERMAINAN EDUKATIF DALAM MENINGKATKAN KECERDASAN BAHASA ANAK DI MASA PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: - Siti Dela Soflianti , Puspita Melati  , Aulia Rahmah  , Milkhatun  , RR. Deni Widjayatri  
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan Bahasa anak melalui inovasi alat permainan edukatif Flashcard Berbasis Teknologi Augmented Reality dalam mengenal buah, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan oleh para pendidik sebagai salah satu alternative alat permainan edukatif di masa pandemic covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subyek penelitian berjumlah 2 anak usia dini yang masuk ke dalam kelompok A di Taman Kanak-Kanak (TK). Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, tes atau pengujian dan dokumentasi. Data yang akan diolah oleh penulis yaitu dari data yang dihasilkan riset pengujian. Originalitas pada penelitian ini yakni inovasi produk alat permainan edukatif Flashcard Berbasis Augmented Reality mengenai buah. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa anak mengalami peningkatan kecerdasan bahasa dalam mengetahui dan mengenal kosa kata baru yaitu nama-nama buah melalui alat permainan edukatif flashcard berbasis teknologi augmentasi reality. Maka dari hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat diketahui alat permainan edukatif Flashcard berbasis teknologi (AR) mengenai nama buah-buahan dapat menjadi solusi di masa pandemic covid-19. Sebab, dimensi object 3D yang dipancarkan pada Flashcard melalui teknologi augmented reality memberikan kesan realistis.
Pathology in Practice
Authors: Saraiva Luís H. G. , Amaral Camila I. , Moreira Matheus V. L. , Oliveira Jéssica G. , Palhares Maristela S. , Teixeira Raffaella B. C. , Maranhão Renata P. A. , Ecco Roselene 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In collaboration with the American College of Veterinary Pathologists
Adoption of deep learning Markov model combined with copula function in portfolio risk measurement
Authors: Li Liangxiong , Muwafak Bishr Muhamed 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In order to accurately describe the risk dependence structure and correlation between financial variables, a scientific financial risk assessment was carried out, and the basis for accurate financial decision-making was provided; the basic theory of copula function is established first, and the mixed copula model is constructed; then, the hybrid copula model is nested in a hidden Markov model (HMM); the risk dependences among banking, insurance, securities and trust industries are analysed, and the Copula-Garch model is constructed for empirical analysis of investment portfolio; finally, the deep learning Markov model is adopted to predict the financial index. The results show that the mixed copula model based on the HMM is more effective than the single copula model and the mixed copula model. The empirical structure shows that among the four major financial industries in China, banking and insurance industries have strong interdependence and a high probability of risk contagion. The investment failure rate under 95%, 97.5% and 99% confidence intervals calculated by the Copula-Garch model is 4.53%, 2.17% and 1.08%, respectively. Moreover, the errors of the deep learning Markov model in stock price prediction of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank (sh600000), Guizhou Moutai (sh600519) and China Ping An Insurance (sh601318) are 2.56%, 2.98% and 3.56%, respectively, which indicates that the four major financial industries in China have strong interdependence and risk contagion so that the macro or systemic risks may arise, and the deep learning Markov model can be adopted to predict the stock prices.
Linear fractional differential equations in bank resource allocation and financial risk management model
Authors: Yang Yanjun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The advantage of the linear fractional differential equation for bank resource allocation and financial risk management is that it can test random fluctuations in different functional forms. Given this paper is modelling the asset allocation risk model for rural commercial banks, the linear fractional differential equation analysis method is used to make policy recommendations. The research results of this paper show that credit risk is significantly negatively correlated with the bank's resource allocation. The degree of negative correlation between different levels of credit risk and bank resource allocation is different. Appropriate liquidity risk can optimise the bank's resource allocation.