bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The observed link between urbanization and invasion can depend on how invasion is measured
Authors: Gippet Jérôme M. W. , Rocabert Charles , Colin Théotime , Grangier Julien , Tauru Hugo , Dumet Adeline , Mondy Nathalie , Kaufmann Bernard 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimCities are thought to promote biological invasions because invasive species are more often introduced in urban areas and because they are more successful in disturbed environments. However, the association is not as strongly supported by the literature as is generally assumed and might depend on how urbanization and invasion are measured. In this study, we test if the type of data used to assess the link between urbanization and invasion can affect a study's conclusions.LocationEurope and middle Rhône valley (~5000 km2 in south‐eastern France).MethodWe studied the spatial distribution of the invasive garden ant Lasius neglectus in its current introduced range in Europe and tested its association with urbanization using three measures of invasion (presence‐only, presence–absence and population area) and two measures of urbanization (urban/nonurban land cover classification and proportion of impervious surfaces (buildings, road) per spatial unit).ResultsBased on presence‐only data across Europe, L. neglectus occurred in urban areas 10 times more often than expected from a random geographical distribution. However, when controlling for spatial bias in sampling effort with presence–absence data (1870 sampling locations in the middle Rhône valley, France), the occurrence of the species was independent of urbanization. Moreover, the surface occupied by L. neglectus populations was negatively correlated with urbanization.Main conclusionsThese findings show that the type of occurrence data used to test the link between urbanization and invasion can strongly affect the conclusion of a study. This is particularly concerning because invasion studies often use presence‐only data that are likely biased towards cities. Future urban invasions studies must be carefully designed to avoid this pitfall.
Contribution of genome‐scale metabolic modelling to niche theory
Authors: Régimbeau Antoine , Budinich Marko , Larhlimi Abdelhalim , Pierella Karlusich Juan José , Aumont Olivier , Memery Laurent , Bowler Chris , Eveillard Damien 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStandard niche modelling is based on probabilistic inference from organismal occurrence data but does not benefit yet from genome‐scale descriptions of these organisms. This study overcomes this shortcoming by proposing a new conceptual niche that resumes the whole metabolic capabilities of an organism. The so‐called metabolic niche resumes well‐known traits such as nutrient needs and their dependencies for survival. Despite the computational challenge, its implementation allows the detection of traits and the formal comparison of niches of different organisms, emphasising that the presence–absence of functional genes is not enough to approximate the phenotype. Further statistical exploration of an organism's niche sheds light on genes essential for the metabolic niche and their role in understanding various biological experiments, such as transcriptomics, paving the way for incorporating better genome‐scale description in ecological studies.
Predictors of malnutrition risk in neurodegenerative diseases: The role of swallowing function
Authors: Pizzorni Nicole , Ciammola Andrea , Casazza Giovanni , Ginocchio Daniela , Bianchi Federica , Feroldi Sarah , Poletti Barbara , Nanetti Lorenzo , Mariotti Caterina , Mora Gabriele , Schindler Antonio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeOropharyngeal dysphagia is generally recognized to increase the risk of malnutrition; however, its role in patients with neurodegenerative disease has yet to be determined. This cross‐sectional study aimed to investigate the impact of swallowing function on malnutrition risk in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.MethodsPatients with oral nutrition and diagnosis of Huntington disease (HD), Parkinson disease (PD), or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) were recruited. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The swallowing assessment included a fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, an oral phase assessment, and a meal observation scored with the Mealtime Assessment Scale (MAS). Malnutrition risk was assessed with the Mini Nutritional Assessment.ResultsOverall, 148 patients were recruited (54 HD, 33 PD, and 61 ALS). One hundred (67.6%) patients were considered at risk of malnutrition. In the multivariate analysis, age ≥ 65 years (odds ratio [OR] = 3.16, p = 0.014), disease severity (moderate vs mild OR = 3.89, severe vs mild OR = 9.71, p = 0.003), number of masticatory cycles (OR = 1.03, p = 0.044), and MAS safety (OR = 1.44, p = 0.016) were significantly associated with malnutrition risk.ConclusionsProlonged oral phase and signs of impaired swallowing safety during meals, together with older age and disease severity, are independent predictors of malnutrition risk in neurodegenerative diseases. This study broadens the focus on dysphagia, stressing the importance of early detection not only of pharyngeal signs, but also of oral phase impairment and meal difficulties through a multidimensional swallowing assessment.
Gendered beliefs and behaviors in couple relationships as predictors of physiological stress functioning
Authors: Seiter Natasha S. , Lucas‐Thompson Rachel G. , Faw Meara H. , Brown Samantha M. , Prosser Julie L. , Quirk Kelley , Smith Amy D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate associations among egalitarianism and marital equity with patterns of diurnal cortisol.BackgroundGender role ideology (i.e., beliefs about gender roles on a spectrum from egalitarian to traditional) and marital equity (i.e., fairness in the division of marital tasks) are distinct constructs that are related to relationship outcomes as well as health, and stress physiology is a potential mechanism linking egalitarianism and marital equity to health.MethodsSixty‐two heterosexual couples with children completed several questionnaires, including gender ideology and division of household tasks (a measure of marital equity). Diurnal cortisol concentrations were assessed from saliva samples at four time points across 2 days.ResultsResults suggested that men's more traditional gender ideologies significantly predicted more dysregulated physiological stress functioning for both men and women, as indicated by lower cortisol levels at awakening as well as flatter cortisol slopes throughout the day. Women with more traditional gender ideologies had steeper slopes, an indicator of more regulated physiological functioning, when they reported engaging in greater traditional feminine tasks.ConclusionThese results suggest that men's greater traditional gender role ideology is linked to physiological stress dysregulation. In addition, when women have more traditional expectations, having more clearly delineated gendered roles in the home may relieve stress.ImplicationsThis research highlights the importance of addressing gender roles and ideologies in interventions for couples, including couples therapy. The inclusion of the assessment and discussion of gender roles and ideologies in couples therapy may help to alleviate physiological stress.
A novel element of comprehensive program evaluation: Using a domain matrix design
Authors: O'Neal Catherine Walker , Lucier‐Greer Mallory 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis brief presents a novel element of program evaluation, termed a domain matrix design, and demonstrates the application of the design element with an example from a collaborative evaluation project focused on the Department of the Air Force's Personal Financial Readiness program.BackgroundUtilizing sound scientific principles and employing a replicable approach to program evaluation, the domain matrix design is an adaptable approach to quantitative data collection for program evaluation that minimizes participant survey burden while maximizing available data.MethodThis goal is primarily achieved through the identification of domains of measurable training outcomes that are pertinent to the evaluation and then the strategic assignment of program participants to survey assessment groups that provide sufficient, but limited, overlap of these domains.ResultsThe proposed approach provides sufficient data on all outcome domains, and analyses can be utilized to examine how each domain is linked to other domains as outlined in the program's logic model, while also minimizing the participant burden and streamlining data collection.ConclusionThis brief serves as an example of bridging evaluation to meet internal program stakeholders' needs with opportunities to contribute to the broader research community, specifically the fields of family science and evaluation. That is, the example project demonstrates how evaluation can meet both the internal needs of program stakeholders (e.g., does this program work for us? what modifications are needed to enhance program effectiveness?) and the external needs of the research community (e.g., broad dissemination of findings to share and compare results).
Mixed‐mode I/II stress intensity factors for frictional centrally cracked Brazilian disk with confining pressure
Authors: Hammouda Mohammad M. I. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis work analytically derives closed form mathematical expressions for normalized mode I and mode II stress intensity factor (SIF) of Brazilian disk compressed with two diametric forces and confining pressure. The disk has central inclined crack with frictional surfaces. The influences of relative crack length, crack inclination, friction coefficient, and confining pressure are demonstrated. The present work defines the loading and geometric conditions to have a crack in the disk (1) operating in pure mode II loading, (2) with sticking surfaces, and (3) dormant. Mode II SIF of a crack with frictional surfaces decreases with the increase in the confining pressure and the friction coefficient. There is a close agreement between present results and relevant results found in the literature.
Large and small cribriform architecture have similar adverse clinical outcome on prostate cancer biopsies
Authors: Rijstenberg L Lucia , Hansum Tim , Kweldam Charlotte F , Kümmerlin Intan P , Remmers Sebastiaan , Roobol Monique J , van Leenders Geert J L H 
Published: April 2022

AimsInvasive cribriform and intraductal carcinoma (IDC) are associated with adverse outcome in prostate cancer patients, with the large cribriform pattern having the worst outcome in radical prostatectomies. Our objective was to determine the impact of the large and small cribriform patterns in prostate cancer biopsies.Methods and resultsPathological revision was carried out on biopsies of 1887 patients from the European Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer. The large cribriform pattern was defined as having at least twice the size of adjacent benign glands. The median follow‐up time was 13.4 years. Hazard ratios for metastasis‐free survival (MFS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Any cribriform pattern was found in 280 of 1887 men: 1.1% IDC in grade group (GG) 1, 18.2% in GG2, 57.1% in GG3, 55.4% in GG4 and 59.3% in GG5; the large cribriform pattern was present in 0, 0.5, 9.8, 18.1 and 17.3%, respectively. In multivariable analyses, small and large cribriform patterns were both (P < 0.005) associated with worse MFS [small: hazard ratio (HR) = 3.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.93–4.78; large: HR = 3.17, 95% CI = 1.68–5.99] and DSS (small: HR = 4.07, 95% CI = 2.51–6.62; large: HR = 4.13, 95% CI = 2.14–7.98). Patients with the large cribriform pattern did not have worse MFS (P = 0.77) or DSS (P = 0.96) than those with the small cribriform pattern.ConclusionsBoth small and large cribriform patterns are associated with worse MFS and DSS in prostate cancer biopsies. Patients with the large cribriform pattern on biopsy have a similar adverse outcome as those with the small cribriform pattern.
Efficacy of fosfomycin in preventing infection after endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery in periods of limited supply of first‐ and second‐generation cephalosporins
Authors: Etani Toshiki , Asaoka Minami , Kondo Shuhei , Wachino Chiharu , Tomiyama Nami , Hattori Tatsuya , Nagai Takashi , Iida Keitaro , Taguchi Kazumi , Naiki Taku , Hamamoto Shuzo , Okada Atsushi , Kawai Noriyasu , Yanagita Takeshi , Nakamura Atsushi , Yasui Takahiro 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesIn March 2019, cefazolin was unavailable owing to difficulty in procuring the active ingredient. Furthermore, the supply of alternative drugs, such as cefotiam and cefmetazole, was limited. In the Department of Nephro‐Urology, fosfomycin‐based drugs are used as substitutes for cefazolin, which is a perioperative prophylactic antibacterial drug. Herein, we investigated the effectiveness of fosfomycin sodium and cefotiam in preventing infection after endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery as a retrospective preliminary study.MethodsA total of 200 patients who underwent endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery at our department between August 2017 and January 2021 were included. The patients were administered cefotiam (n = 95) or fosfomycin (n = 105) as perioperative antibacterial agents. There were no significant differences in the median age or surgery time between the cefotiam and fosfomycin groups. Propensity score matching was performed to match the preoperative urine bacterial counts of both groups. Sixty‐eight patients were selected from each group.ResultsThe median postoperative hospital stay duration was 4 days for the two groups. The median maximum postoperative temperatures were 37.5 and 37.4°C, respectively. There were no significant differences between the maximum postoperative temperatures in both groups. Furthermore, there were no differences between the groups regarding the white blood cell counts, C‐reactive protein levels, and aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels postoperatively, as well as in terms of postoperative fever requiring additional antibiotics.ConclusionsDuring a period of difficulty in acquiring cefazolin and cefotiam, the use of fosfomycin allowed us to continue with the procedure without increased clinical complications.
On the optimal layout of a dining room in the era of COVID‐19 using mathematical optimization
Authors: Contardo Claudio , Costa Luciano 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe consider the problem of maximizing the number of people that a dining room can accommodate provided that the chairs belonging to different tables are socially distant. We introduce an optimization model that incorporates several characteristics of the problem, namely: the type and size of surface of the dining room, the shapes and sizes of the tables, the positions of the chairs, the sitting sense of the customers, and the possibility of adding space separators to increase the capacity. We propose a simple, yet general, set‐packing formulation for the problem. We investigate the efficiency of space separators and the impact of considering the sitting sense of customers in the room capacity. We also perform an algorithmic analysis of the model, and assess its scalability to the problem size, the presence of (or lack thereof) room separators, and the consideration of the sitting sense of customers. We also propose two constructive heuristics capable of coping with large problem instances otherwise intractable for the optimization model.
Mechanisms responsible for enhancing low‐temperature oxidation resistance of nonstoichiometric (Zr,Ti)C
Authors: Lun Huilin , Yuan Junhao , Zeng Yi , Xiong Xiang , Wang Qing , Ye Ziming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA series of (Zr,Ti)Cx (x = 0.7–1.0) samples were fabricated by a modified spark plasma sintering apparatus to investigate the effects of carbon concentration and Ti substitutions on the oxidation behavior. Crushed powders of (Zr,Ti)Cx were oxidized in lab air (N2–20‐vol.% O2) from room temperature to 900°C. The results indicated that Zr0.8Ti0.2C0.8, with a nominal carbon concentration x = 0.8, displayed good oxidation resistance, which was attributed to the formation of dense t‐(Zr,Ti)O2 oxide solid solution. During the oxidation of (Zr,Ti)Cx, Ti substitutions for Zr enhanced the outward diffusion of carbon, enabling a uniform carbon layer and a Zr–Ti–C–O layer on the surface of carbides. The formed carbon layer improved the oxidation resistance of (Zr,Ti)Cx below 550°C, where carbon is relatively oxidation resistant. Increasing the Ti concentration was found to enhance the oxidation resistance of (Zr,Ti)Cx with an increased oxidation onset temperature (672 ± 2°C for Zr0.8Ti0.2C0.8).
Boosting intermediate temperature performance of solid oxide fuel cells via a tri‐layer ceria–zirconia–ceria electrolyte
Authors: Zhang Jun , Lenser Christian , Russner Niklas , Weber André , Menzler Norbert H. , Guillon Olivier 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUsing cost‐effective fabrication methods to manufacture a high‐performance solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is helpful to enhance the commercial viability. Here, we report an anode‐supported SOFC with a three‐layer Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95 (gadolinia‐doped‐ceria [GDC])/Y0.148Zr0.852O1.926 (8YSZ)/GDC electrolyte system. The first dense GDC electrolyte is fabricated by co‐sintering a thin, screen‐printed GDC layer with the anode support (NiO–8YSZ substrate and NiO–GDC anode) at 1400°C for 5 h. Subsequently, two electrolyte layers are deposited via physical vapor deposition. The total electrolyte thickness is less than 5 μm in an area of 5 × 5 cm2, enabling an area‐specific ohmic resistance as low as 0.125 Ω cm−2 at 500°C (under open circuit voltage), and contributing to a power density as high as 1.2 W cm−2 at 650°C (at an operating cell voltage of 0.7 V, using humidified [10 vol.% H2O] H2 as fuel and air as oxidant). This work provides an effective strategy and shows the great potential of using GDC as an electrolyte for high‐performance SOFC at intermediate temperature.
How differently designed guidance influences simulation‐based inquiry learning in science education: A systematic review
Authors: Sun Yanyan , Yan Zhenping , Wu Bian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundGuidance has showed positive effects on promoting inquiry‐based learning in science education. While an increasing number of studies focus on the design of guidance in simulation‐based inquiry learning due to recent technology developments, how different designs of a same type of guidance affect learning remains a question.ObjectivesThis study reviews the (quasi‐)experimental research on the learning effects of differently designed guidance in simulation‐based inquiry learning in the past decade (2011–2020). The investigation is guided by two questions: how differently designed guidance affects inquiry‐based learning in simulated environments in terms of learning process and learning outcomes, and what role technology plays in the design of guidance. In particular, we report on studies that compares the effects of a same type (process constraints/prompts/heuristics/scaffolds/metacognitive supports/direct presentation of information) of guidance with different instructional designs, and select a total of 28 peer‐reviewed journal articles. The results indicate no equivocal tendency of effectiveness towards a specific design. Instead, each type of guidance has related factors that may influence its effectiveness. Three major factors that related to optimization of inquiry learning guidance in simulation‐based environments are identified: the learner factor, the pedagogical factor, and the technological factor.
Patient education by smartphones for bowel preparation before colonoscopy
Authors: Li Peng , He Xueqian , Yang Xufang , Du Jing , Wu Weiquan , Tu Jiangfeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and AimWe aim to evaluate the effect of smartphone education on the bowel preparation quality of patients undergoing colonoscopy by meta‐analysis.MethodsRandomized controlled trials using smartphones to educate patients on bowel preparation for colonoscopy were screened from the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases from inception to August 31, 2021. After extracting the data, Review Manager software was used for meta‐analysis.ResultsA total of 12 randomized controlled trials with 4165 patients were included in the meta‐analysis. There were 2060 patients in the smartphone group, including 1784 patients with adequate bowel preparation, with a rate of 86.6%, and 2105 patients in the control group, including 1614 patients with adequate bowel preparation, with a rate of 76.7%, and pooled risk ratio (RR) was 1.15 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.23, P < 0.01). Eight included studies reported the adenoma detection rate. The adenoma detection rate in the smartphone group was 26.2%, and the rate in the control group was 19.3%, with an RR of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.03–1.62, P < 0.05).ConclusionUsing smartphones to educate patients on bowel preparation for colonoscopy improved the quality of bowel preparation and increased the adenoma detection rate.
Symptoms of depression and insomnia in older age: A within‐individual analysis over 20 years
Authors: Brouwer Annelies , van de Ven Peter M. , Kok Almar , Snoek Frank J. , Beekman Aartjan T. F. , Bremmer Marijke A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDepression and insomnia often co‐occur, and precede one another. Possibly, insomnia gives rise to depression, and vice versa. We tested whether insomnia symptoms of an older individual are associated with later depressive symptoms in that older individual, and vice versa.MethodsWe performed a longitudinal analysis of data from a prospective cohort study in a large sample of community‐dwelling older people (N = 3081), with measurements every three years, over a time period of 20 years. The within‐individual longitudinal reciprocal relationship between symptoms of depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale), and symptoms of insomnia (three‐item questionnaire, including difficulty initiating sleep, nightly awakenings, and early morning awakening) was modeled by means of a bivariate linear growth model. We tested whether symptoms of insomnia were associated with symptoms of depression three years later, and vice versa.ResultsSeverity of symptoms of depression and insomnia and their within‐individual average change over time were moderately correlated (correlation of intercepts: rho 0.41, 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.46 p < 0.001; correlation of slopes: rho 0.39, 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.52, p < 0.001). Symptoms of depression were not found to be associated with an additional risk of higher symptoms of insomnia three years later, and vice versa (p = 0.329 and p = 0.919, respectively). Similar results were found when analyses were corrected for covariates.ConclusionsIn older individuals, depression and insomnia are associated and tend to increase concurrently over time, but constitute no additional risk for one another over repeated three‐year intervals. These findings contradict previous research that suggests that depression and insomnia are risk factors for one another over time. The current study stands out due to the longitudinal within‐individual statistical approach, but is limited by the three‐year interval between measures.