bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Novel Fruit Extract for Flow Assurance of Indian Field Waxy Crude Oil
Authors: Pal Biswadeep , Naiya Tarun 
Published: March 2022

Summary
This research article deals with the application of shikakai fruit (Senegalia rugata) extract (SE) used as a novel bio-additive for improving flow properties of waxy crude oil (WCO) to reduce pumping cost during pipeline transportation. SE was synthesized using solvent extraction method, which is one of the most common economic extraction processes. Bio-additive was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur (CHNS) analysis, gas chromatography-mass gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), differential light scattering, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Pour point of WCO was decreased by 12°C due to addition of 1,000 ppm of SE on crude oil. Viscosity of WCO reduced significantly after addition of a bio-additive. It was found that viscosity of SE beneficiated crude oil (1,000 ppm dosage) at 30°C is less than that of pure crude at 50°C. So, addition of SE may be an alternative of heating during flow of WCO. Microscopic studies confirm that wax and other solid particles become smaller and more dispersive so that the particles are not able to come closer and form a three-dimensional network. Consequently, flow becomes easier and pumping cost gets reduced. Experimental data related to viscosity better fitted with Casson model and Bingham model before addition of SE depict that significant yield stress is required to restart the flow of crude oil. Due to the addition of SE, yield stress was deceased significantly and crude oil beneficiated with bio-additive tends to behave like a Newtonian fluid. This article also investigates wax deposition through laboratory-designed wax depositional setup. The wax deposition of crude oil after addition of 1,000 ppm SE was comparatively 56 and 75% lower than untreated crude oil when deposition studies were performed for 2 and 4 hours, respectively, at 25°C. Wax crystals of SE-treated crude oil decreased in diameter and disoriented the particles, preventing the formation of three-dimensional networks so that crude oil can easily flow through pipelines. Considering the efficacy of extracted bio-additive and its cost effectiveness, the same can be applied for flow assurance of WCO through pipelines even at very low temperatures.
ProHealth eCoach: User-Centered Design and Development of an eCoach App to Promote Healthy Lifestyle with Personalized Activity Recommendations
Authors: CHATTERJEE AYAN , Prinz Andreas , Gerdes Martin , Martinez Santiago , Pahari Nibedita , Meena Yogesh Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Regular physical activity (PA), healthy habits, and a healthy diet are recommended guidelines to maintain a healthy lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle can help to avoid chronic diseases and long-term illnesses. A monitoring and automatic personalized lifestyle recommendation system (i.e., automatic electronic coach or eCoach) with considering clinical and ethical guidelines, individual health status, condition, and preferences may successfully help participants to follow recommendations to maintain a healthy lifestyle. As a prerequisite for the prototype design of such a helpful eCoach system, it is essential to involve the end-users and subject-matter experts throughout the iterative design process.
Methods
We used an iterative user-centered design (UCD) approach with a dialogue-labs method to collect qualitative data from different users (i.e., researchers, non-technical and technical, health professionals, subject-matter experts, and potential end-users) to develop a roadmap for self-management with eCoaching. We designed and developed the eCoach prototype in two stages, adopting different phases of the UCD approach and co-design events. In UCD workshop 1, we focused on identifying end-users, understanding the user’s context, specifying user requirements, designing and developing an initial low-fidelity eCoach prototype. In UCD workshop 2, we focused on maturing the low-fidelity solution design and development for the visualization of continuous and discrete data, artificial intelligence (AI)-based interval forecasting, personalized recommendations, and activity goals.
Results
The UCD approach helped to develop a working prototype of eCoach system that meets end-user's requirements and expectations towards an effective recommendation visualization, considering diversity in culture, quality of life, and human values. The design provides an early version of the solution, consisting of wearable technology, a mobile app, and web content for self-monitoring, goal setting, and lifestyle recommendations in an engaging manner between the eCoach app and end-users.
Conclusions
The adopted UCD approach brings in a design focus on the user and their needs at each phase. Throughout the design process, users have been involved at the heart of the design to create a working research prototype to improve the fit between technology, end-user, and researchers. Furthermore, we performed a technological readiness study of ProHealth eCoach against standard levels set by European Union (EU).
Trial Registration:
Not Applicable.
The association of HPV infection and vaginal microbiota of reproductive women in China: A multicenter cohort study protocol
Authors: Zhou Zuyi , Hou Yi , Qing Wei , Shi Yiya , Zhang Yingxuan , Chen Rongdan , Ou Jinxia , Zhou Hongwei , Chen Muxuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is a global health concern. Persistent oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a prerequisite for the development of cervical cancer. Emerging research indicates that the vaginal microbiota may play both protective and harmful roles in the acquisition and persistence of HPV and the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). So far, there is no large-scale longitudinal female vaginal microbiota (VM) study worldwide to reveal the association between vaginal microbiota and the outcome of HPV infection.Methods: This multicenter cohort study will recruit 50 research centers and enroll a total of about 10,000 female volunteers across the country. This study has developed a series of strict inclusion and exclusion criteria for the volunteers. Researchers will draw up a unified questionnaire generated by this protocol to obtain the sociodemographic information, clinical data and lifestyle of all volunteers. Specimens including vaginal secretions and cervical exfoliated cells will be collected at the first visit and follow-up after six months. All samples will be processed in the certified laboratory of the research centers. Twenty-one HPV genetypes and other sexually transmitted pathogens, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Herpes simplex virus type Ⅱ will be tested in the first visit and follow-up after six months. Strict quality control will be conducted among every research center, including training staffs and reviewing the qualifications of participating researchers responsible for acquiring data and processing samples.Discussion: The association of HPV infection and vaginal microbiota will be explored in the registry study. In addition, the core microbiota attributes to the persistent HPV infection will be analyzed. The present study aims to create a nationwide database of vaginal microbiota of women in reproductive age.Trial registration: This study has registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04694495). Registered: 5 January 2021 Retrospectively registered. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT04694495&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=
Whole Transcriptome and Functional Genomic Landscape of A South Indian Cohort of Gastric Tumors
Authors: Pandian Jaishree , Gnanasekaran Madhusudhanan , Vittal Vikash , Sekar Balaji T , Jemimah Helen D , Panneerpandian Ponmathi , Patwardhan Satyajit , Kannan Indhu , Suresh Prem , Selvarasu Karthikeyan , Narasimhan Mohan , Ardhanari Ramesh , Ganesan Kumaresan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Genome-wide studies pave way for the delineation of heterogeneities and the possible genomics-guided stratification of tumors. Numerous whole-genome profiles have been established from different parts of globe and are largely lacking from South India. We performed genome-wide expression profiling of 50 gastric tumors and 15 adjacent normal tissues from Madurai, India. The genes differentially expressed in gastric tumors were found comparable with genes from other cohorts across globe. Integrative genomic analysis revealed the transcription factors LEF1, SP1, NFAT, AP1, PAX4, E2F and ATF2 to be upregulated and p53, HNF3, ESR, BMP2, PRC2/SUZ12/EED and NRF2 to be downregulated in gastric tumors. Pathway enrichment analysis showed the higher enrichment of focal adhesion, TGF-β, VEGF, EGFR, MAPK and EMT among the genes upregulated. The gastric acid secretion, digestion and absorption of minerals were identified to be diminished in gastric tumors. In a gene set based comparison of molecular subtypes, the frequency was found to differ between TCGA and Madurai cohorts indicating the disparity in molecular genomic patterns across populations. Thus the identification of the transcription factors, signaling pathways and molecular processes dysregulated in gastric tumors is resourceful and reveals the potential therapeutic targets for the eventual development of targeted gastric cancer therapeutics.
Prognostic Nomogram Based on an Immune-Related Biomarker Model Based on the circRNA-Associated Regulatory Network for Cervical cancer
Authors: Guo Xu , Chen Sui , Wang Sihan , Zhang Hao , Yin Fanying , Guo PhD; Panpan , Zhang Xiaoxu , Liu Xuesong , Yang Zhuo , Han Yanshuo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is a common cancer among women with poor prognosis. Circular RNA (circRNA), as a ceRNA, plays an important role in regulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in many cancers. The immune microenvironment of CC and the regulatory mechanisms at the transcriptomic level have not been fully explored. This study integrated the expression data of circRNA, Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), miRNA and mRNA from TCGA database, GTEx database and GEO database, and mapped the ceRNA network through variation analysis and correlation analysis. Based on ceRNA network and tumor immune cell infiltration, we constructed two nomograms that can predict CC patients. Through co expression analysis and gene function enrichment, we explored the relationship between prognostic genes and immune cells in the model and the overall function of network node genes. In addition, we screened the drug RO-3306 with sensitivity to high-risk patients and predicted potential drugs with anti CC function by CMap. In conclusion, the research provides relevant information about the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of CC patients, and several related drugs for reference. Prospective studies are necessary to validate the prognostic ability of this model.
Seralarda Doğal Havalandırma Açıklıklarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: BAYTORUN A. Nafi , MAKAUY ABASS Mahamed Abdalla 
Published: March 2022

Güneş ışınımı şiddetinin yüksek olduğu dönemlerde seralarda bitkilerin arzu ettiği konfor ortamı en ucuz olarak doğal havalandırma ile sağlanabilmektedir. Bitkisel üretimin yapıldığı serada iyi bir havalandırma ile hava sıcaklığı dış sıcaklığın 1-2 oC üzerine çekilirken, bitki sıcaklığı hava sıcaklığının 5-15 oC üzerine yükselmektedir. Belirtilen nedenle havalandırma ile gölgelemenin birlikte yapılması sıcak dönemlerde bitki konfor ortamının sağlanmasında etkili bir iklimlendirme yöntemi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Hava değişim sayısı seralarda havalandırma etkinliğinin belirlenmesinde kullanılan önemli bir parametredir. Hava değişim sayısı havalandırma açıklıklarının büyüklüğüne, konumuna ve havalandırma açıklıklarında
kullanılan böcek tüllerinin porozitelerine bağlı olarak değişmektedir.
Yapılan çalışmada havalandırma açıklıklarının büyüklüğüne, kullanılan böcek tülünün porozite katsayısına ve rüzgâr hızına bağlı olarak hava değişim sayısı ve ulaşılabilen sıcaklık farkı hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalar sonucunda %50 oranında gölgelendirilen, sera taban alanına göre çatısında %40 oranında havalandırma açıklığı bulunan ve havalandırma açıklıklarına böcek tülünün gerildiği seralarda ulaşılan hava değişim katsayısı 30 h-1 olurken sıcaklık farkı 1,6 oC olarak belirlenmiştir.
Comparison of EEMD-ARIMA, EEMD-BP and EEMD-SVM algorithms for predicting the hourly urban water consumption
Authors: Liu Xingpo , Zhang Yiqing , Zhang Qichen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Short-term (e.g., hourly) urban water consumption (or demand) prediction is of great significance for the optimal operation of the intelligent water distribution pump stations. In this study, three single models (autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), back-propagation (BP), support vector machine (SVM)) and three hybrid models (ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD)-ARIMA, EEMD-BP and EEMD-SVM) were developed and compared in terms of prediction accuracy and application convenience. 31-day (1 month) hourly flow series from a water distribution division in Shanghai were used for the demonstration case study, among which 30-day data used for model training and 1-day data used for model verification. Finally, the effects of historical data length on the prediction accuracy of three hybrid models were also analyzed, and the optima of the historical data length for three hybrid models were obtained. Results reveal that (1) the mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) of EEMD-ARIMA, EEMD-BP, EEMD-SVM, ARIMA, BP and SVM are 5.2036, 1.4460, 1.3424, 5.7891, 4.3857 and 3.8470%, respectively. (2) In terms of prediction accuracy and actual practice convenience, EEMD-SVM performs best among the above six models. (3) The EEMD algorithm is effective for improving the prediction accuracy of six models. (4) The optimal historical data length of EEMD-ARIMA, EEMD-BP and EEMD-SVM are 11, 11 and 10 days, respectively.
Research Progress in Antineoplastic, Antibacterial, and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Seven-membered Heterocyclic Derivatives
Authors: Li Bin , Chen Chen , Jia Jingjing , He Ling 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Seven-membered heterocyclic compounds are important drug scaffolds because
of their unique chemical structures. They widely exist in natural products and show a variety
of biological activities. They have been used commonly in central nervous system
drugs in the past 30 years. In the past decade, many studies have been conducted on their
activities, including antitumor, antibacterial, etc. Herein, we summarize the research advances
in different kinds of seven-membered heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen,
oxygen, and sulfur heteroatoms with antitumor, antisepsis, and anti-inflammation activities
in the past ten years, which are expected to be beneficial to the development and
design of novel drugs for the corresponding indications.
Nanotechnology: A Promising Targeted Drug Delivery System for
Brain Tumours and Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Unnisa Aziz , Greig Nigel H. , Kamal Mohammad A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Nanotechnology is the process of modulating shape and size at the nanoscale
to design and manufacture structures, devices, and systems. Nanotechnology's prospective
breakthroughs are incredible, and some cannot even be comprehended right now.
The blood-brain barrier, which is a prominent physiological barrier in the brain, limits
the adequate elimination of malignant cells by changing the concentration of therapeutic
agents at the target tissue. Nanotechnology has sparked interest in recent years as a way
to solve these issues and improve drug delivery. Inorganic and organic nanomaterials
have been found to be beneficial for bioimaging approaches and controlled drug delivery
systems. Brain cancer (BC) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are two of the prominent disorders
of the brain. Even though the pathophysiology and pathways for both disorders are
different, nanotechnology with common features can deliver drugs over the BBB, advancing
the treatment of both disorders. This innovative technology could provide a foundation
for combining diagnostics, treatments, and delivery of targeted drugs to the tumour
site, further supervising the response and designing and delivering materials by employing
atomic and molecular elements. There is currently limited treatment for Alzheimer's
disease, and reversing further progression is difficult. Recently, various nanocarriers
have been investigated to improve the bioavailability and efficacy of many AD treatment
drugs. Nanotechnology-assisted drugs can penetrate the BBB and reach the target tissue.
However, further research is required in this field to ensure the safety and efficacy of
drug-loaded nanoparticles. The application of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment
of brain tumours and Alzheimer's disease is briefly discussed in this review.
Vitamin B-related Gene Polymorphisms and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Katsa Maria Efthymia , Gil Andrea Paola Rojas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, even in early
childhood. A mutation in genes that code homocysteine metabolism enzymes or deficiency of specific
vitamin cofactors may cause hyperhomocysteinemia. Vitamin B complex has been correlated with
serum homocysteine levels. Any abnormality in its metabolism or nutritional deficiency may lead to
hyperhomocysteinemia. Both vitamin B complex and homocysteine levels are partly genetically
determined. Specifically, the most studied polymorphism is 677T-C in exon 5 of the 5,10-
methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, which plays an important role in folate’s
metabolism. This polymorphism has been shown to be correlated with hypertension and
cardiovascular disease. Polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+
dependent) 1-like (MTHFD1L) gene have also been correlated with increased risk for coronary artery
disease. Other common serious polymorphisms regard the area with high linkage disequilibrium,
including the neuroblastoma breakpoint family, NBPF3 gene, and ~ 12-50 kb upstream of the tissue
nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene. Finally, the polymorphisms which have been mostly associated
with vitamin B12 concentration are the rs11254363 polymorphism at intron 52 of the intrinsic factor
vitamin B12 receptor of the CUBN and the rs526934 polymorphism at intron 8 of transcobalamin I.
To sum up, several polymorphisms have already been associated with vitamin B complexes and
therefore homocysteine level, highlighting the complex nature of vitamin B genetics.
The Lesson from the First Italian Lockdown: Impacts on Anxiety and
Depressive Symptoms and Sleep Quality in Patients with Remission of
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Spina Annamaria , Mazzarella Chiara , Dallio Marcello , Romeo Mario , Pellegrino Raffaele , Durante Tommaso , Romano Marco , Loguercio Carmelina , Di Mauro Maurizio , Federico Alessandro , Gravina Antonietta Gerarda 
Published: March 2022

Background:
During the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy, decisions were taken to adopt re-strictive legislative measures, such as the first half of the 2020 lockdown. In those months, patients with inflammatory bowel disease experienced social isolation and reduced access to health care.

Objective:
We aimed to evaluate, in this condition, the presence of remission subgroups that were most impacted by the lockdown.

Methods:
During the first Italian lockdown, we recruited patients with remission of inflammatory bowel disease by administering an online questionnaire including patient demographics, the Beck Anxiety Questionnaire Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, all validated standardized questionnaires for anxiety symptom levels, depres-sion, and sleep quality.

Results:
Our results showed how female patients (p<0.0001) with Crohn’s disease (p<0.001) expe-rienced worse levels of anxiety symptoms. Female patients (p<0.0001) between 50 and 60 years of age (p=0.013) with Crohn’s disease (p=0.047) experienced worse levels of depressive symptoms. Females also experienced significantly worse sleep levels (p<0.001). We found a correlation be-tween the number of sleeping hours (p<0.001) and the time taken to fall asleep (p<0.001) and the Beck Anxiety Questionnaire Inventory,which showed a linear worsening of the number of minutes it took to fall asleep, and the Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire.

Conclusion:
Among patients with remission of inflammatory bowel disease, female patients, pa-tients with Crohn’s disease, and people aged between 50 and 70 years should be considered for screening for anxiety and depression disorders and an assessment of sleep quality.
Hybrid Model-Based and Data-Driven Solution for Uncertainty Quantification at the Microscale
Authors: Quesada-Molina Jose Pablo , Mariani Stefano 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Due to their size, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) display performance
indices affected by uncertainties linked to the mechanical properties and to the geometry of the
films constituting their movable parts.

Objective:
In this perspective, a recently proposed multiscale and hybrid solution for uncertainty
quantification is discussed.

Methods:
The proposed method is based on the (deep) learning of the morphology-affected elasticity
of the polycrystalline films and of the microfabrication-induced defective geometry of the devices.
The results at the material and at the device levels are linked through a reduced-order representation
of the response of the entire device to the external stimuli, foreseen to finally feed a Monte Carlo uncertainty
quantification engine.

Results:
Preliminary results relevant to a single-axis resonant Lorentz force micro-magnetometer have
shown a noteworthy capability of the proposed multiscale deep learning method to account for the
mentioned uncertainty sources at the microscale.

Conclusion:
A promising two-scale deep learning approach has been proposed for polysilicon MEMS
sensors to account for both materials- and geometry-governed uncertainties and to properly describe
the scale-dependent response of MEMS devices.
A Critical Review on Recent Heterocyclics Identified for Anti-Leishmanial
Therapy
Authors: Rathore Swati , Sahu Adarsh , Agrawal Ram Kishore , Patil Asmita Gajbhiye 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Leishmaniasis is a multifaceted disease that is prevalent worldwide. It is an
epidemic, tropical/subtropical disease caused by macrophage infection by compulsive leishmania
genus intracellular parasites affecting millions of people across the globe.

Methods:
The demand for effective and safe molecules in the field of leishmaniasis is still an active
research area. The lack of widely effective anti-leishmanial drugs, therefore, means a critical need for the
production of modern, effective, affordable, and safe drugs for leishmaniasis care. In the recent past,
many new pharmacophores have been synthesized and evaluated for their antileishmanial activity.

Conclusion:
Many important heterocycles have proved to be effective against various leishmanial
strains in terms of both safety and efficacy. In this article, we have attempted to review the different
pharmacophores discovered in the past few years with the potential anti-leishmanial property.