bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data Driven Modeling Advancements for Thermal Predictions in Data Center Applications
Authors: Patel Dhaval , Joshi Yogendra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Thermal predictions in data centers have been utilized to reduce the electric consumption of thermal equipment in data centers. While most of the optimization of data center temperature has been performed through the utilization of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and heuristic methods, data driven modeling techniques are now also being used to optimize the data center temperatures. Some data driven models have been used on a static data set to obtain the steady state temperature predictions for given input variables while other data driven models have been trained to provide temperature predictions at live time.
This paper aims to investigate the transient temperature prediction capabilities of two data driven models — Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Network with External Input (NARX). While these two methods have been previously studied on data center applications, they have not been compared with each other for transient temperature predictions for normal operations. The study also utilizes ensembles to provide better temperature prediction accuracy for smaller data sets. The study compared these two models based on an experimentally obtained data set and found that NARX outperforms LSTM for normal operations and that the data driven models are able to provide relatively good predictions even if the input variables are slightly outside the training domain.
Single-Phase Immersion Cooling Study of a High-Density Storage System
Authors: Karajgikar Saket , Kidger Jasper , Shaw Andrew , Edmunds Neil , Mulay Veerendra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a standard air-cooled high-density storage system is reengineered to demonstrate the use of single-phase immersion cooling. The storage system consists primarily of seventy-two hard drives, two single socket nodes, two SAS expander cards, NIC and a power distribution board in a 4OU form factor. It is successfully demonstrated that the storage systems can be designed to support single phase immersion cooling while supporting hot swap and cooling redundancy requirement like an air-cooled system. In an air-cooled system, temperature gradient between the drives was as high as 19°C. The drives placed at the front of the system received cooler air while the drives placed in the rear received preheated air thus resulting in a temperature gradient. The drives used for the study were 20GB Helium filled sealed drives. For immersion cooling, seventy-two drives were cooled in parallel with temperature variance of less than 3°C. The other system components such as CPU, DIMMs, SAS chip and NIC had sufficient thermal margin. It was demonstrated that the system can operate reliably for facility coolant supply temperature as high as 40°C. The resulting power consumption of the pump was less than five percent of the total IT power. In addition, the proposed cooling solution may help mitigate acoustic vibrational issues for drives often encountered in air-cooling solution. The solution is virtually silent in operation.
Experimental Investigation of the Impact of Improved Ducting and Chassis Re-Design of a Hybrid-Cooled Server
Authors: Modi Himanshu , Shahi Pardeep , Chinthaparthy Lochan Sai Reddy , Gupta Gautam , Bansode Pratik , Shalom Simon Vibin , Agonafer Dereje 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in cloud computing, networking, virtualization, and storage applications, leading to an increase in demand for high-performance servers. The increase in performance demands is currently being met by increasing CPU and GPU power densities that require more efficient cooling technologies as compared to air traditional cooling methods. Cold plate-based liquid cooling in air-cooled servers enables efficient thermal management with minimal changes to existing air-cooling infrastructure. In a hybrid cooled server, the demand for air cooling is reduced as the primary heat-generating components are indirectly cooled by cold plates. In this study, experiments are performed with optimized chassis of a hybrid cooled Cisco C220 server. The chassis design is optimized to improve the airflow by providing additional vents on the chassis to allow more low-temperature airflow rather than the heated airflow approaching from the drive bay. Also, the design of the heat sink baffle is improved which allows a more streamlined flow to approach the heat sinks. This is done by designing and manufacturing a new 3-D printed baffle. This optimized baffle design helps in reducing the pressure drop across the system hence helping in the reduction of fan speeds and reducing the fan power consumption. Results are generated by iterating the fan speed and inlet temperature of air and comparing them with the baseline design of the server. Conclusions are made on the reduction in fan power due to the improved chassis design and any reduction in temperatures of air-cooled components.
Does Accelerated Rehabilitation Provide Better Outcomes Than Restricted Rehabilitation in Postarthroscopic Repair of Meniscal Injury?
Authors: You Mingke , Wang Lingcheng , Huang Ruipeng , Zhang Kaibo , Mao Yunhe , Chen Gang , Li Jian 
Published: December 2022

Context: Meniscal injury is a common pathology, and the postoperative rehabilitation program is essential to patients after surgery. However, the optimal rehabilitation plan after meniscus suture is still controversial. Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes between accelerated rehabilitation and restricted programs in patients with meniscus suture (with or without anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, ACLR). Evidence Acquisition: Four databases, including PubMed, Ovid, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, were searched up to November 2021. This study only included studies comparing the clinical outcomes between accelerated (immediate range of motion and weight-bearing) and restricted rehabilitation (immobilization and progressive weight-bearing) for meniscus suture. All selected studies were divided into 2 subgroups: isolated meniscus suture or combined with ACLR. The Lysholm score, Tegner score, and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score were evaluated in simple meniscus sutures no less than 1 year. Failure rate was evaluated in both groups, and the tunnel enlargement was additionally evaluated in patients who underwent ACLR. Evidence Synthesis: Eleven studies with 612 patients were eligible for analysis. The accelerated group included 4 studies with 330 participants, while the restricted group included 7 studies with 282 participants. For the patients after isolated meniscus suture, the accelerated group achieved higher Lysholm scores (mean difference = −4.66; 95% confidence interval, −8.6 to −0.73; P = .02; I2 = 88%) than the restricted group. For the patients after meniscus suture with ACLR, patients undergoing accelerated rehabilitation were associated with a significantly larger tibial tunnel enlargement in the anterior–posterior view (mean difference = −7.08; 95% confidence interval, −10.92 to −3.24; P = .0003; I2 = 0%) and lateral view (mean difference = −10.33; 95% confidence interval, −16.9 to −3.75; P = .002; I2 = 17%). Conclusion: This meta-analysis evaluated the effects of postoperative rehabilitation in either accelerated or restricted programs in patients with meniscus lesions after repair. A significant higher mean self-reported function was discovered at final follow-ups in the accelerated group. However, a significant increase in tibial tunnel enlargement was also found in accelerated group.
New FRET Pairs of Fluorescent Proteins for In Vitro Caspase Activity Determination
Authors: Marynich N. K. , Granovsky I. E. , Savitsky A. P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A monomeric sensor, TagRFP-23-Ultramarine (TR-23-U), for effector caspase-3 was obtained. The overlap integrals of new pairs of red fluorescent protein TagRFP with four chromoproteins were calculated. The monomeric state of the Ultramarine protein and the TR-23-U sensor was confirmed by gel filtration chromatography and dynamic light scattering. Incubation with caspase-3 showed the possibility of using the new fusion protein as a FRET sensor for apoptosis detection.
Environmental Fluxes of Thermal Neutrons and Geophysics
Authors: Stenkin Yu. V. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Environmental fluxes of thermal neutrons originate from two sources: cosmic rays and natural radioactivity. Owing to a long lifetime of free neutrons, they are able to propagate over rather long distances in surrounding media prior to undergoing absorption, provided that these media do not contain elements that have large cross sections for neutron capture. The real lifetime of free neutrons and distances that they travel are determined by the properties of the medium with which they are in a dynamical equilibrium. At rather large depths under the ground, natural radioactivity associated with $$(\alpha,n)$$ reactions on light nuclei of the Earth’s crust is the main source of neutrons. Radioactive gaseous radon, especially its long-lived isotope $${}^{222}\textrm{Rn}$$, which is able to migrate over significant distances (several tens of meters in soil and several kilometers in the Earth’s atmosphere) plays a great role in this process. This means that the changes in the medium that are caused by various geophysical processes or by Moon–Solar–Earth phenomena should also be reflected in the neutron flux escaping from the Earth’s crust. The present article gives a brief survey of studies devoted to this subject and a discussion on them.
A New Efficient Nanodesign of Composite Gate Based on Quantum Dot Cellular Automata
Authors: Wang Yizhu , Faghani Saleh 
Published: December 2022

The development of nanoscale technologies has come from the downsizing of electronic equipment and the inadequacy of CMOS innovation resulting from hybrid circuit establishment and its failure to respond to nanoscale. Quantum-based technologies, like quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA), are likely to succeed the present technologies due to their incredible benefits, like faster processing, smaller footprints and ultra-low energy usage. In arithmetic and comparison circuits, the fundamental gate is frequently used. Arithmetic logic circuits centered on OR, AND and NOT logic gates have a low design complexity. To obtain complicated logic gates, several architectures have been proposed in the QCA. This work offers a QCA composite gate that achieves all critical digital logic gates, including Inverter, OR, AND, NAND, NOR and exclusive gates like XOR and XNOR. All basic logic is generated in a single unit with this architecture. Only 0.09[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m2of area, three three-input majority gates, one XOR, three Inverters, and 0.5 clock zones were required for the suggested circuit. As a result, a decrease of 33% in cell count is achieved compared to the previous systems. The design is evaluated and the dissipated energy is analyzed. For the research on power dissipation, the QCADesigner-E simulator is used to verify the final result. The simulation outcomes show that the suggested layout is advantageous over earlier constructions regarding the area, number of cells, clock phases and cost.
Splinting versus Percutaneous Pinning for the Treatment of Soft Tissue Mallet Finger: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: TOCI Gregory R. , TECCE Eric R. , KATT Brian M. , AITA Daren , BEREDJIKLIAN Pedro K. , FLETCHER Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare percutaneous pinning versus splinting of soft tissue mallet finger injury to determine if there are differences in residual extensor lag and complication rates. Methods: Patients ≥18 years of age undergoing mallet finger injury treatment from 2011 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Exclusion criteria included bony or open mallet finger injury and incomplete documentation of residual extensor lag at final follow-up. Complications, including infection, hardware fixation failure and wound complications, were collected from follow-up clinic notes. Those treated with percutaneous pinning were compared to those treated non-surgically with splinting. Results: Of the 150 soft tissue mallet finger injuries that met the inclusion criteria, 126 were treated with splinting, and 24 were treated with percutaneous pinning. There were no differences in residual extensor lag between groups (Splinting: 5.4°, Pinning: 5.8°, p = 0.874). However, the pinning group had a higher overall complication rate than the splinting group (20.8% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Surgery may be an effective treatment method for soft tissue mallet finger, but due to the higher rate of complication and the increased expense of a surgical procedure, splinting should be the preferred treatment method for most of these injuries. Level of Evidence: Level III (Therapeutic)
Identity and Career: An Analysis of Emerging Meteorologists’ Narratives
Authors: Rosen Zoey 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The narratives of emerging adults, such as university students, can reveal aspects of their professional and academic identities that explain their career paths. While narrative has been studied as a tool in the meteorological classroom, narrative has not been used to study why students choose to become meteorologists. This study aims to identify the narrative features about what draws students to pursue meteorology as a career and reflect upon how the telling of these narratives can help career counselors and other stakeholders, like universities, to understand this discipline of students. This study is a qualitative textual analysis of N = 34 video clips of meteorology students from around the United States submitted for the 2020 AMS Student Conference welcome video, #MyFieldMyStory campaign. The findings show that formative experiences like early childhood memories, mediated experiences with the weather, and family interactions were major life themes in the students’ stories. Other reasons students chose this career path were concerns over local climatic effects, a desire to control their course of study, curiosity stemming from internships and research opportunities, confidence from their personal math/science propensity in school, and a commitment to do work that can mitigate the effects of severe weather or inform people of impending threats. The students’ narratives also showed optimism around future jobs and graduate school, as well as an exploration of their identity through finding their passion in this career path. This study is an interesting initial delve into narratively analyzing stories from emerging meteorologists.
A prospective randomized study of different height of operation table for tracheal intubation with videolaryngoscopy in ramped position
Authors: Kang Dongho , Bae Hong-Beom , Choi Yun Ha , Bom Joon-suk , Kim Joungmin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have reported that the ramped position provides a better laryngoscopic view, reduces tracheal intubation time, and increases the success rate of endotracheal intubation. However, the patient’s head height changes while in the ramped position, which in turn changes the relative positions of the patient and intubator. Thus, making these changes may affect the efficiency of tracheal intubation; however, few studies have addressed this problem. This study analyzed intubation time and conditions during tracheal intubation using videolaryngoscope in the ramped position.

Methods
This prospective study included 144 patients who were scheduled to receive general anesthesia for surgeries involving orotracheal intubation. The participants were randomly allocated to either the nipple or umbilical group according to the table height. Mask ventilation was assessed using the Warters grading scale. Tracheal intubation was performed using a McGrath MAC laryngoscope. The total intubation time, laryngoscopy time, tube insertion time, and difficulty of intubation (IDS score) were measured.

Results
The umbilical group had a significantly shorter laryngoscopy time (10 ± 3 vs. 16 ± 4 s), tube insertion time (18 ± 4 vs. 24 ± 6 s), and total intubation time (28 ± 5 vs. 40 ± 7 s) compared to the nipple group. No significant difference in the difficulty of mask ventilation was observed between the two groups. The IDS score was higher in the nipple than umbilical group.

Conclusion
The lower (umbilical) table level reduced the intubation time and difficulty of videolaryngoscopy compared to the higher (nipple) table level.

Trial registration
This study was registered at KCT0005987, 11/03/2021, Retrospectively registered.
Quality of observational studies of clinical interventions: a meta-epidemiological review
Authors: Grosman Sergei , Scott Ian A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
This meta-epidemiological study aimed to assess methodological quality of a sample of contemporary non-randomised clinical studies of clinical interventions.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study of observational studies published between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018. Studies were identified in PubMed using search terms ‘association’, ‘observational,’ ‘non-randomised’ ‘comparative effectiveness’ within titles or abstracts. Each study was appraised against 35 quality criteria by two authors independently, with each criterion rated fully, partially or not satisfied. These quality criteria were grouped into 6 categories: justification for observational design (n = 2); minimisation of bias in study design and data collection (n = 11); use of appropriate methods to create comparable groups (n = 6); appropriate adjustment of observed effects (n = 5); validation of observed effects (n = 9); and authors interpretations (n = 2).

Results
Of 50 unique studies, 49 (98%) were published in two US general medical journals. No study fully satisfied all applicable criteria; the mean (+/−SD) proportion of applicable criteria fully satisfied across all studies was 72% (+/− 10%). The categories of quality criteria demonstrating the lowest proportions of fully satisfied criteria were measures used to adjust observed effects (criteria 20, 23, 24) and validate observed effects (criteria 25, 27, 33). Criteria associated with ≤50% of full satisfaction across studies, where applicable, comprised: imputation methods to account for missing data (50%); justification for not performing an RCT (42%); interaction analyses in identifying independent prognostic factors potentially influencing intervention effects (42%); use of statistical correction to minimise type 1 error in multiple outcome analyses (33%); clinically significant effect sizes (30%); residual bias analyses for unmeasured or unknown confounders (14%); and falsification tests for residual confounding (8%). The proportions of fully satisfied criteria did not change over time.

Conclusions
Recently published observational studies fail to fully satisfy more than one in four quality criteria. Criteria that were not or only partially satisfied were identified which serve as remediable targets for researchers and journal editors.
Test concordance and diagnostic accuracy of three serological assays for detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody: result from a population-based sero-epidemiological study in Delhi
Authors: Misra Puneet , Kant Shashi , Guleria Randeep , Ahmad Mohammad , Mandal Suprakash , Chaturvedi P. K. , Medigeshi Guruprasad R. , Meena Suneeta , Rai Sanjay Kumar , Rahman Anisur , Sangral Meenu , Yadav Kapil , Bairwa Mohan , Haldar Partha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Several methodological tests are available to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibody. Tests are mostly used in the aid of diagnosis or for serological assessment. No tests are fully confirmatory and have variable level of diagnostic ability. We aimed at assessing agreement with three serological tests: quantitative anti receptor binding domain ELISA (Q-RBD), qualitative ELISA (WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 Ab) and qualitative chemiluminescence assay (CLIA).

Methods
This study was a part of a large population based sero-epidemiological cohort study. Participants aged 1 year or older were included from 25 randomly selected clusters each in Delhi urban (urban resettlement colony of South Delhi district) and Delhi rural (villages in Faridabad district, Haryana). Three type of tests were applied to all the baseline blood samples. Result of the three tests were evaluated by estimating the total agreement and kappa value.

Results
Total 3491 blood samples collected from March to September, 2021, out of which 1700 (48.7%) from urban and 1791 (51.3%) from rural. Overall 44.1% of participants were male. The proportion of sero-positivity were 78.1%, 75.2% and 31.8% by Wantai, QRBD and CLIA tests respectively. The total agreement between Wantai and QRBD was 94.5%, 53.1% between Wantai and CLIA, and 56.8% between QRBD and CLIA. The kappa value between these three tests were 0.84 (95% CI 0.80–0.87), 0.22 (95% CI 0.19–0.24) and 0.26 (95% CI 0.23–0.28).

Conclusions
There was strong concordance between Wantai and QRBD test. Agreement between CLIA with other two tests was low. Wantai and QRBD tests measuring the antibody to same S protein can be used with high agreement based on the relevant scenario.
Experiencing motherhood as a blind mother in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana; a qualitative study
Authors: Acheampong Angela Kwartemaa , Marfo Margaret , Aziato Lydia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Females in developing countries are likely to suffer from visual impairment more than their male counterparts. People living with blindness or any other form of disability also have the right to reproduce and care for their children like all other humans. There is paucity of literature in the experiences of blind mothers in Ghana. Therefore, this study explored the experiences of blind mothers as they navigated the process of motherhood.

Methods
Qualitative exploratory descriptive design was used to conduct the study. Nineteen blind mothers were interviewed individually. Permission was sought for data to be audiotaped, transcribed and content analyzed inductively.

Results
Three main themes emerged from the data: mothering role and difficulties (sub-themes; feeding, disciplining and protection), mothering challenges (sub-themes; discrimination and prejudice, financial distress and psychological distress) and coping strategies (prayer, children and self-motivation). Most of the mothers reported difficulties in playing their roles in the areas of feeding, disciplining and protection. Challenges were poverty, discrimination, prejudices on their ability to be mothers and psychological distresses such as depression. They coped with their challenges with prayers, self motivation and the hope they had in their children.

Conclusion
A lot of public education is needed to make the lives of people living with disability better. Health professionals must be trained to treat blind mothers with dignity and respect.