bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calorimetric adaptation of the inhibited autoxidation method to determine the activity of individual antioxidants and natural extracts
Authors: Mosibo Ornella Kongi , Scampicchio Matteo , Ferrentino Giovanna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work aims to determine the antioxidants activity of individual antioxidants and natural extracts by isothermal calorimetry. The proposed method is an adaptation of the “inhibited autoxidation method”. It consists of the monitoring of the heat-flow signal evolved during the autoxidation of styrene, in the presence of 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) as radical initiator, with individual antioxidants or plant extracts as inhibitors, and under isothermal conditions (303 K). The resulting calorimetric traces were transformed in conversion fractions over time. The antioxidant activity was expressed with the initial slope of the inhibited period of styrene autoxidation. Also, the induction period observed at the onset of the uninhibited styrene autoxidation leaded the stoichiometry number of the reaction between antioxidants and free radicals. The approach was very simple, and it allowed to rank individual antioxidants (α-tocopherol >  > gallic acid = quercetin > syringic acid >  > synaptic acid > 4-hydroxybenzoic acid) and plant extracts (Olea europea > Melissa officinalis > Fraxinus excelsior >  > Papaver rhoeas), based on their ability to decrease the conversion rate of styrene autoxidation. The results on plant extracts were critically compared with those from the DPPH assay. Differently to the many antioxidant assays widely used nowadays, the proposed approach has the merit to test the activity of micromolar quantities of antioxidants to inhibit the autoxidation of a large excess of an oxidizable substrate, whose oxidation is induced by a constant rate of free radicals formation under well controlled and reproducible experimental conditions.
G-CSF promotes the viability and angiogenesis of injured liver via direct effects on the liver cells
Authors: Liu Zifeng , Zhang Guiling , Chen Jing , Tong Jingjing , Wang Hongmin , Chen Jing , Yang Dong , Hu Jinhua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Presently, liver transplantation is the only treatment strategy for liver failure (LF). Although granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) exhibits protective functions in LF, it is not clear whether it directly affects the liver cells.

Methods and Results
We established an injured liver cell model and observed that G-CSF treatment promoted cell viability and enhanced Ki67 and VEGF-A expression. Thereafter, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in a conditioned medium collected from the G-CSF-treated injured liver cells. HUVECs’ proliferation and tubule formation were promoted. Furthermore, in an injured liver mouse model, confirmed via haematoxylin–eosin staining, we evaluated serum alanine aminotransferase activity, Ki67 expression, and microvessel density (MVD). G-CSF treatment significantly relieved liver injury, upregulated Ki67 expression, and enhanced MVD in the injured mouse liver tissue. Additionally, AKT and ERK signal targets were explored, and it was demonstrated that the effects of G-CSF on injured liver cells were mediated through the AKT and ERK signalling pathways.

Conclusions
G-CSF promotes injured liver viability and angiogenesis by directly affecting injured liver cells via the AKT and ERK signalling pathways. These findings improve our understanding of the role of G-CSF in recovery from LF.
Dynamic assessment as a predictor of reading development: a systematic review
Authors: Dixon Chris , Oxley Emily , Gellert Anna Steenberg , Nash Hannah 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAssessments of reading and reading-related skills which measure acquired knowledge may pose problems for the prediction of future reading performance. Such static measures often result in floor effects in the early stages of reading instruction, and may be particularly inaccurate predictors for children from culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) backgrounds. Dynamic assessment (DA), in contrast, focuses on learning potential by measuring response to teaching, and may therefore be a less biased form of assessment. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to assess the ability of dynamic measures of reading and related skills to predict variance in the growth of children’s reading skills over time. Seventeen peer-reviewed articles met inclusion criteria, representing 18 studies published between 1992 and 2020. After static predictors were accounted for, dynamic measures of phonological awareness and decoding explained a significant amount of variance in the growth of word reading accuracy (1–21%) and word reading fluency (typically 1–9%), while variance in reading comprehension outcomes was accounted for by dynamic measures of morphological awareness (4–33.4%) and one dynamic decoding assessment (1%). Finally, a single paired-associate nonword learning task predicted 6% unique variance in future nonword reading accuracy and fluency. Results support the ability of DA to tap into variance unexplained by traditional static measures, though no studies explicitly examined the validity of DA for children from CLD backgrounds. We call for future studies of DA of reading to adopt longer developmental windows and assess proximal as well as distal reading outcome measures.
Help from the past—coworker ties and entry wages after self-employment
Authors: Lappi Emma 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper empirically estimates how referrals mitigate the risk associated with hiring formerly self-employed individuals. We do this by comparing the networks and entry wages for two groups of new hires: those who exit self-employment to become wage-employed and those who change employers as wage employees, i.e., job changers. Referrals are defined as coworker ties through which the new hire and an incumbent worker share a common employment history before their current employment. We use longitudinal Swedish register-based data to evaluate the entry wages of the two groups of new hires for the years between 2010 and 2013. The results show that having coworker ties is associated with 2.9% higher entry wages and that this network premium is uniform across the formerly self-employed and job changers. However, the new hires from self-employment have consistently lower entry wages than the job changers, even if the exiting self-employed have coworker ties.
A visual analytics approach for the assessment of information quality of performance models—a software review
Authors: Angelini Marco , Daraio Cinzia , Urban Luca 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper we provide a review of the main functionalities of a Visual Analytics Environment (VAE) developed for the assessment of data and information quality in the context of performance evaluation of research organizations. Performing data and information quality tests are necessary procedures to ensure the bibliometric and research performance evaluation analysis of organizations have the necessary robustness. The proposed environment is helpful to guide the user to an Information Quality-aware development of Performance models. This interactive visual analytics environment offers to the user the possibility to produce and compare information quality-aware indicators, exploring and defining correct behavior, identifying anomalous cases from both data quality and information quality perspectives, and supporting the user in forming hypotheses on possible causes for those anomalies. The proposed approach, exploiting visual interactive exploration results in a more efficient process, minimizing the number of cases for which a manual investigation is needed. The illustration on European higher education institutions data demonstrates the use of the presented functionalities and their benefits.
The interplay of math anxiety and math competence for later performance
Authors: Weissgerber Sophia C. , Grünberg Chawwah , Neufeld Luisa , Steppat Tobias , Reinhard Marc-André 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMath anxiety’s negative effects on performance are well-documented. The interplay of math anxiety and mathematical competence regarding later performance is underexplored. We investigated whether math anxiety’s detrimental effects on learning depend on previous mathematical competence. Hypothesizing a moderation effect, we expected that trait math anxiety should affect pupils of higher competence to a greater extent than pupils with lesser competence. Based on 8th graders in secondary school, we found the expected interaction of math anxiety and math competence (represented by previous math grade) predicting performance three months later. The interaction of math anxiety and math competence on later performance remained despite controlling for math self-concept and gender (and previous topic-specific performance). The moderation showed differential slopes for the effects of math competence on later performance depending on trait math anxiety: At lower competence levels, math anxiety played a lesser role than for higher competence levels. Later performance was lowest for more competent pupils with higher math anxiety relative to their peers with similar competence levels but lower math anxiety. Although the data imply directionality, our design cannot imply causality. Nevertheless, one interpretation of the results is in line with the notion of greater performance losses over time for more competent pupils with higher levels of math anxiety: the learning progress may be aggravated for those, who have the prerequisite in ability to advance their performance. The optimal development of math capabilities may be compromised by math anxiety; good math abilities and low math anxiety may both be prerequisites for long-term learning success.
Efficacy and safety of percutaneous renal biopsy performed using 18G needle versus 16G needle: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Xu Senyin , Ma Lili , Lin Jiazhen , Zhang Zhengxian , Wang Xiaoya , Yin Jiazhen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
At present, both 16G and 18G needles are used for percutaneous renal biopsy in China. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of biopsy performed with the 18G needle vs. the 16G needle.

Methods
The data of patients who underwent percutaneous renal biopsy at our hospital between January 2015 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The number of glomeruli obtained by puncture and postoperative complications were compared between patients undergoing biopsy with the 16G and 18G needles. Continuous variables were compared by the t test or the Mann–Whitney U test, and categorical variables by the chi-square test. Correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship of different variables with hematoma size.

Results
Of the total 3138 kidney biopsies, 2526 were performed with the18G needle and 612 with the 16G needle. The number of glomeruli obtained was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.078). Large hematomas were significantly more common the 16G group than in the 18G group (9.31% vs. 5.98%, P = 0.003). Arteriovenous fistula was also more common in the 16G group (1.14% vs. 0.23%, P = 0.005). Other complications were rare, with similar incidence in the two groups.

Conclusion
The 18G needle is as effective as the 16G needle for percutaneous renal biopsy. The risk of large hematoma and arteriovenous fistula appear to be lower with the 18G needle.
Application of DSM–BIA in dry weight assessment in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Chen Qi , Wang Zheng , Liu Na , Mu Shujuan , Guo Peng , Li Shichao , Zhou Jingwei , Li Yan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Dry weight assessment (DWA) is an important part of dialysis and fluid management in patients receiving renal replacement therapy. With the development of bioimpedance analysis (BIA), the development of the direct segmental multi-frequency BIA (DSM–BIA) has provided a more convenient measure for DWA of dialysis patients, but its accuracy remains unclear. This study was designed to evaluate the application of DSM–BIA in DWA of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.

Design
This is a cross-sectional study. Using the conventional BIA as a reference, we examined the accuracy of the DSM–BIA technique for assessing dry weight in CAPD patients and analyzed the potential factors influencing their fluid volume status.

Setting and participants
A total of 31 patients with end-stage renal disease receiving CAPD and 310 healthy volunteers were recruited for this study.

Methods
The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland–Altman plots were used to assess the consistency between DSM–BIA and the conventional BIA for DWA. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to explore the influencing factors associated with the edema index.

Results
DSM–BIA and the conventional BIA technology were consistent in DWA in CAPD patients (ICC female 0.972, ICC male 0.882, ICC total 0.960). Similarly, Bland–Altman plots showed good agreements between the two methods in DWA for both genders. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis showed both eGFR level (P = 0.04) and serum NT-pro BNP concentration (P = 0.007) were positively correlated with the ratio of extracellular water to total body water (ECW/TCW).

Conclusions
DSM–BIA in DWA has good accuracy in clinical applications and has potential application value for fluid volume management in CAPD patients.
Plant-based diets and risk of frailty in community-dwelling older adults: the Seniors-ENRICA-1 cohort
Authors: Maroto-Rodriguez Javier , Delgado-Velandia Mario , Ortolá Rosario , Carballo-Casla Adrián , García-Esquinas Esther , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando , Sotos-Prieto Mercedes 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFrailty is a geriatric syndrome that leads to increased risk of hospitalization, disability, and death. The effect of plant-based diets defined by the quality of their plant foods is unclear. Our objective is to study the association between two plant-based diet indices and the occurrence of frailty among community-dwelling older adults in Spain. We analyzed data from 1880 individuals aged ≥ 60 years from the Spanish Seniors ENRICA-1 cohort. We used a validated diet history to build two indices: (a) the healthful Plant-based Diet Index (hPDI) where healthy plant foods received positive scores, whereas less-healthy plant foods and animal foods received reverse scores; and (b) the unhealthful Plant-based Diet Index (uPDI), with positive scores to less-healthy plant foods and reverse scores to animal and healthy plant foods. Incident frailty was defined with the Fried phenotype. Study associations were summarized with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) obtained from multivariable logistic models. After 3.3 years of follow-up, 136 incident frailty cases were ascertained. Comparing the highest vs. the lowest tertile of adherence, the OR [95% CI] for frailty was 0.43 (0.25–0.74; p-trend = .003) for the hPDI, and 2.89 (1.73–4.84; p-trend < .001) for the uPDI. Higher consumption of healthy plant foods was inversely associated with frailty (0.39 [0.23–0.66; p-trend < 0.001]); higher consumption of unhealthy plant foods was associated with higher frailty risk (2.40 [1.23–4.71; p-trend = .01]). In older adults, the hPDI was associated with lower risk of frailty, while the opposite was found for the uPDI.
The anti-COVID-19 drug Favipiravir: Degradation, Method development, Validation, NMR/LC–MS characterization, and In-vitro safety evaluation
Authors: Abdallah Inas A. , El-Behairy Mohammed F. , Ahmed Rasha M. , Fayed Marwa A. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is critical to characterize the degradation products of therapeutic drugs to determine their safety as these degradation products may possess fatal effects on the human physiological system. Favipiravir (FVP), a novel anti-Covid-19 drug, that is recently used all over the world with a great impact on humanity was our target to explore more about its toxicity, the margins of its safety, and its degradants in different degradation conditions. The goal of this study is to identify, characterize, and confirm the structures of FVP oxidative and alkaline breakdown products, as well as to assess their safety utilizing in-vitro SRB cytotoxicity assay on normal human skin fibroblasts (NHSF) cell lines. After oxidative and alkaline degradation of FVP, one degradation product was produced in each condition which was isolated from FVP using flash chromatography, characterized by 1HNMR and LC–MS/MS techniques. A reversed-phase Thermo Fischer Hypersil C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 m) was used to achieve HPLC chromatographic separation. Acetonitrile-5 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 2.5) (50:50, v/v) was employed as the mobile phase, with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. At 332 nm, the column effluent was measured. Over the concentration range of 0.5–100 µg/mL, the calibration curve was linear. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations were less than 2%, and good percentage recoveries were obtained that fulfilled the acceptance criteria of the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) recommendations. The Plackett–Burman design was used to assess the robustness. Each degradant was isolated single using Flash chromatography and methylene chloride: methanol gradient mobile phase. The chemical structures of the degradation products have been confirmed and compared to the intact FVP using 1H-NMR, and Mass spectroscopy. A postulated mechanism of the degradation process has been depicted and the degradants fragmentation pattern has been portrayed. In addition, the in vitro SRB cytotoxicity assay to evaluate the safety profile of FVP and the degradation end products showed their high safety margin in both conditions with IC50 ˃100 µg/ml with no signs of toxicity upon examination of the treated NHSF cells under the optical microscope
Wie Familienmerkmale und Lernverhalten von Schüler*innen den Effekt von Herkunft auf den Lernzuwachs im Fernunterricht während der COVID-19 Pandemie erklären – eine mehrperspektivische Analyse
Authors: Neuenschwander Markus P. , Niederbacher Edith , Garrote Ariana 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie COVID-19 Pandemie führte im Frühling 2020 zu einer unerwarteten flächendeckenden Unterbrechung des Präsenzunterrichts in allen Schulen der Schweiz und zur Einführung von Fernunterricht. Durch die Verlagerung des Unterrichts in die Familie könnten die ungleichen familiären Ressourcen zu einer Verstärkung der Herkunftseffekte auf den Lernzuwachs der Schüler*innen führen. Wie sehr hatten der sozioökonomische Status und die Familiensprache von Schüler*innen einen Effekt auf den Lernzuwachs während des Fernunterrichts? Diese Frage wurde mit einer Stichprobe von 1321 Schüler*innen, 851 Erziehungsberechtigten und 108 Klassenlehrpersonen aus der Nordwestschweiz, die im Juni/Juli 2020 einen Online-Fragebogen ausfüllten, bearbeitet. Ein Pfadmodell mit Berücksichtigung der Mehrebenenstruktur der Daten zeigte vergleichbare Ergebnisse für die Primarstufe und die Sekundarstufe I sowie für Mädchen und Jungen. Der sozioökonomische Status erklärte den Lernzuwachs im Lehrpersonenurteil vermittelt über das Leistungsniveau der Schüler*innen (Lehrpersonenurteil). Die Familiensprache hat einen indirekten Effekt über das Leistungsniveau der Schüler*innen auf den Lernzuwachs. Das Leistungsniveau der Schüler*innen, die Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung der Eltern und die Verfügbarkeit eines ruhigen Lernortes im Schülerurteil erklären, vermittelt über das Lernverhalten im Elternurteil, den Lernzuwachs der Schüler*innen. Das Modell liefert eine Erklärung zu Bildungsungleichheit während des Fernunterrichts. Allerdings sind in den vorliegenden Daten die Effekte des sozioökonomischen Status und der Fremdsprachigkeit auf den Lernzuwachs nicht stärker als in vergleichbaren Studien zur Situation vor der Pandemie. Die wenigen Wochen Fernunterricht haben daher möglicherweise weniger zu einer Verstärkung der Bildungsungleichheit beigetragen als befürchtet.
Possible added value of thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) testing in the evaluation of thyroidal status of subjects with overweight or obesity
Authors: Fierabracci P. , Basolo A. , Scartabelli G. , Bechi Genzano S. , Salvetti G. , Sotgia G. , Rotondi M. , Chiovato L. , Ceccarini G. , Santini F. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
An increase in serum TSH concentrations in the absence of thyroid disease, named isolated hyperthyrotropinemia, is frequently observed in subjects with obesity. It is directly associated with body mass index, and it is reversible following weight loss. Autoimmune hypothyroidism is frequently associated with obesity, it is usually progressive and needs replacement treatment with L-thyroxine. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) to define the thyroidal status in subjects with overweight or obesity.

Methods
This is a retrospective study including 749 consecutive adult patients with overweight or obesity. Of those, 76 were excluded from the analysis due to hyperthyroidism, previous thyroidectomy or radioiodine therapy for hyperthyroidism, hemiagenesis or drug-induced hypothyroidism. Serum thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free 3,5,3’-triiodothyronine (FT3), TgAb and thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were measured in all patients.

Results
Out of 673 patients, 408 did not have thyroid disease. Among patients with thyroid disease (n = 265), 130 had nodular disease with no humoral signs of thyroid autoimmunity and 135 (20%) had autoimmune thyroiditis, defined by the presence of TPOAb and/or TgAb. The prevalence of hyperthyrotropinemia, either directly measured or presumed based on L-thyroxine treatment at the time of data collection, was 63.9% in patients with both TgAb and TPOAb, 47.1% in those with isolated positivity of TPOAb, 42.8% in patients with isolated positivity of TgAb, and 14.5% in those with no detectable TgAb or TPOAb.

Conclusions
Our results confirm a high prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis (20%) in patients with obesity. TgAb may be associated with hypothyroidism in the absence of TPOAb. TgAb measurement may turn helpful to unravel a proportion of subjects that may have or may develop primary hypothyroidism requiring specific substitutive treatment.
Bullying by Teachers Towards Students—a Scoping Review
Authors: Gusfre Kari Stamland , Støen Janne , Fandrem Hildegunn 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bullying between peers is a well-known fact and during the last 20 years there has been considerable research on this topic. A topic that has received much less attention is bullying by teachers towards students. This article aims to review the research literature that exists on this important topic. The review covers articles about teacher bullying in elementary, primary, lower, and upper secondary schools, in a retrospective, prospective, or current perspective. The results show that teacher bullying occurs within school contexts all over the world in various ways and to various extents. Although the prevalence rates of bullying behaviors from school staff towards students vary greatly, from 0.6 to almost 90%, this review clearly shows there is a need to pay more attention to this challenge. Several studies show that being exposed to teacher bullying can adversely affect a child’s physical and mental health, participation in education and working life, and sense of well-being in adulthood. There is a need to address this topic in practical work, in teacher education, and in anti-bullying programs. Teacher bullying is also an important topic for future research.