bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Samaki Salama – Promoting healthy child growth and sustainable fisheries in coastal Kenya: A study protocol
Authors: Blackmore Ivy , Wamukota Andrew , Kamau-Mbuthia Elizabeth , Humphries Austin , Lesorogol Carolyn , Cohn Rachel , Sarange Catherine , Mbogholi Francis , Obata Clay , Cheupe Christopher , Cheupe Joaquim , Sherburne Lisa , Chapnick Melissa , Cartmill Mary Kate , Iannotti Lora L. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundOne in five young children globally suffer the consequences of stunted growth and development and millions experience deficiencies in zinc, iron, iodine, vitamins A and B12, nutrients found bioavailable in fish foods. Small-scale fisheries have the potential to generate income and augment fish consumption while being environmentally sustainable if appropriately managed. However, those engaged in small-scale fisheries are often marginalized, poor, and malnourished. The Samaki Salama project seeks to better understand and address these challenges through a three-arm, longitudinal matched cluster study which evaluates the impact of an integrated nutrition social marketing and modified fishing trap intervention.MethodsThere will be 400 small-scale fisher households enrolled from Kilifi County, Kenya and residing in communities matched on location (rural), livelihoods, and child nutritional status. The sample will include mothers and other caregivers, children 6–60 months, and fishers in the family. Applying a cluster design, the matched communities will be divided into three groups: (1) control (n = 200); (2) multi-component nutrition social marketing intervention to fishers, mothers, and health workers (n = 100); and (3) multi-component nutrition social marketing intervention plus modified fishing traps and training (n = 100). Primary outcomes include child growth, fish food intakes, and fisheries yield of mature fish. Secondary outcomes are diet diversity, child diarrheal morbidity, and fisheries revenue. A process evaluation will be used to monitor and ensure fidelity of intervention delivery.DiscussionThis study builds on a growing body of literature illustrating the effectiveness of nutrition focused social marketing campaigns to promote active engagement of participants, high compliance to the intervention, and sustained behavior change. The second intervention element of modified fishing traps that allow immature fish to escape enables participants to act on the messaging they receive and promotes sustainable fishing through increased harvest efficiency and reduced catch of immature fish. The integrated approach of the Samaki Salama intervention provides an example of how to leverage multiple disciplines to address key challenges to human and environmental health and illustrates a pathway for scaling study innovations to other small-scale fisheries systems.Trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05254444).
Self-reported vaccination-related behavior patterns among healthcare workers and the association with self-directed learning frequency: A nationwide cross-sectional survey
Authors: Ma Yuan , Han Xuan , Li Wei , Yang Yuan , Xu Yunshao , Liu Di , Yang Weizhong , Feng Luzhao , Ma Libing 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundHealthcare workers play an essential role in improving the public's vaccination uptake, but the full picture of such workers' engagement in vaccination-related behaviors has not been appropriately identified. According to the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change, self-directed learning may be a promising intervention for fostering engagement in vaccination-related behaviors, but the association between self-directed learning and such behaviors remains unclear. This study aimed to determine Chinese healthcare workers' level of engagement in behaviors for combatting vaccine-preventable diseases and assess the association between frequency of performing vaccine-focused SDL and engagement in vaccination-related behaviors.Materials and methodsAn online cross-sectional survey was conducted from January 27 to February 21, 2022, using the survey platform “wjx.” Respondents were restricted to healthcare workers aged 18–65 years. A Sankey diagram and bar plots were constructed to determine patterns of engagement in a vaccination-related-behavior chain. Unconditional binary logistic regression models were fitted to determine the association between frequency of performing vaccine-focused self-directed learning and engagement in vaccination-related behaviors.ResultsOf the 2,248 survey respondents, data for 2,065 were analyzed. Participants who had received influenza or pneumococcal vaccination, routinely recommended vaccination to patients, tracked patients' vaccination status, and recommended efficiently accounted for 43.2%, 50.8%, 40.3%, and 36.4% of the total participants, respectively. When only considering those who routinely made such recommendations, the proportion of those who performed tracking and efficient recommendation was 28.8% and 26.2%, respectively. When compared to performing self-directed learning “never to less than once/six months,” performing self-directed learning “more than once/week” was positively associated with being vaccinated (OR, 95% CI: 2.30, 1.74–3.03), routinely recommending vaccination (OR, 95% CI: 4.46, 3.30–6.04), and tracking the status of patients so recommended (OR, 95% CI: 6.18, 4.35–8.76).ConclusionsChinese healthcare workers' pattern of engagement in vaccination-related behaviors must be improved. Higher frequencies of engagement in self-directed learning are associated with more active engagement in vaccination-related behaviors, meaning raising such frequencies could be a promising intervention for fostering behavior changes in this regard and ultimately increasing vaccination coverage.
Arctic sea ice coverage from 43 years of satellite passive-microwave observations
Authors: Parkinson Claire L. 
Published: October 2022

Satellite passive-microwave instrumentation has allowed the monitoring of Arctic sea ice over the past 43 years, and this monitoring has revealed and quantified major changes occurring in Arctic sea ice coverage. The 43-year 1979–2021 record shows considerable interannual variability but also a long-term downward trend in Arctic sea ice that is clear from many vantage points: A linear-least-square trend of −54,300 ± 2,700 km2/year for yearly average sea ice extents; statistically significant negative trends for each of the 12 calendar months; negative trends for each of nine regions into which the Arctic sea ice cover is divided; the fact that for all 12 calendar months the highest monthly average sea ice extent came in the first 8 years of the record and the lowest monthly average sea ice extent came in the last 10 years of the record; and a prominent shortening of the sea ice season throughout much of the marginal ice zone, with the length of the sea ice season in some locations decreasing by over 100 days and some locations previously experiencing months-long sea ice seasons now typically no longer having a sea ice season at all. The overall, Arctic-wide trend value of the yearly average sea ice extents since 1979 has consistently had a negative magnitude exceeding two standard deviations of the trend line slope since 1990 and has remained in the narrow range of −53,000 km2/yr to −55,500 km2/yr since 2011.
Proteomics as a tool to improve novel insights into skin diseases: what we know and where we should be going
Authors: Zheng Sheng-yuan , Hu Xi-min , Huang Kun , Li Zi-han , Chen Qing-ning , Yang Rong-hua , Xiong Kun 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundBiochemical processes involved in complex skin diseases (skin cancers, psoriasis, and wound) can be identified by combining proteomics analysis and bioinformatics tools, which gain a next-level insight into their pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic targets.MethodsArticles were identified through a search of PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE references dated to May 2022, to perform system data mining, and a search of the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection was utilized to conduct a visual bibliometric analysis.ResultsAn increased trend line revealed that the number of publications related to proteomics utilized in skin diseases has sharply increased recent years, reaching a peak in 2021. The hottest fields focused on are skin cancer (melanoma), inflammation skin disorder (psoriasis), and skin wounds. After deduplication and title, abstract, and full-text screening, a total of 486 of the 7,822 outcomes met the inclusion/exclusion criteria for detailed data mining in the field of skin disease tooling with proteomics, with regard to skin cancer. According to the data, cell death, metabolism, skeleton, immune, and inflammation enrichment pathways are likely the major part and hotspots of proteomic analysis found in skin diseases. Also, the focuses of proteomics in skin disease are from superficial presumption to depth mechanism exploration within more comprehensive validation, from basic study to a combination or guideline for clinical applications. Furthermore, we chose skin cancer as a typical example, compared with other skin disorders. In addition to finding key pathogenic proteins and differences between diseases, proteomic analysis is also used for therapeutic evaluation or can further obtain in-depth mechanisms in the field of skin diseases.ConclusionProteomics has been regarded as an irreplaceable technology in the study of pathophysiological mechanism and/or therapeutic targets of skin diseases, which could provide candidate key proteins for the insight into the biological information after gene transcription. However, depth pathogenesis and potential clinical applications need further studies with stronger evidence within a wider range of skin diseases.
Association between cervical length and massive intraoperative bleeding in patients with suspected placenta accreta spectrum combined with placenta previa: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Fusen , Wang Jingjie , Xu Yi , Xiong Qiuju , Wang Wenjian , Zhuo Jia , Xia Qiuling , Yang Xiaojuan 
Published: October 2022

PurposeAbnormal placentation is a spectrum disorder that includes creta, increta, and percreta; the term placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders is used as a broad term to describe all of these conditions. PAS can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage. The predictive value of cervical length (CL) in patients with PAS remains controversial. Thus, this study investigated the relationship between CL and the probability of major bleeding in patients with PAS and placenta previa.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted at a comprehensive tertiary hospital in Chongqing, China, between January 2018 and December 2020. The target independent and dependent variables were CL and intraoperative massive bleeding, respectively. The covariates included demographic, clinical, and ultrasound characteristics. Logistic regression was used to explore the association between CL and massive bleeding.ResultsIn total, 317 participants were enrolled, in whom the prevalence of massive bleeding was 41.9% (133/317). The threshold of CL associated with massive bleeding (≥1,000 ml) was 33 mm based on a receiver operating characteristic curve. In the fully adjusted model for each additional unit of CL, the risk of massive bleeding decreased by 7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88–0.98]. The risk of major bleeding was reduced by 44% in patients with a CL greater than 33 mm (95% CI, 0.33–0.97) compared with patients with a CL less than 33 mm.ConclusionsCL was negatively associated with massive intraoperative bleeding in patients with PAS combined with placenta previa. When the CL was greater than 33 mm, the risk of bleeding decreased by 44%. Thus, CL can be used as a standalone parameter to identify the risk of massive intraoperative bleeding in patients with suspected PAS.
Totally percutaneous endovascular repair for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Tay Shirli , Zaghloul Mohamed S. , Shafqat Mehreen , Yang Chao , Desai Kshitij A. , De Silva Gayan , Sanchez Luis A. , Zayed Mohamed A. 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe PEVAR Trial demonstrated that compared to open femoral exposure, elective percutaneous endovascular AAA repair (ePEVAR) is associated with decreased perioperative morbidity and access site complications. We hypothesized that PEVAR for ruptured AAA (rPEVAR) may also improve perioperative morbidity compared to open femoral exposure (rEVAR). There are currently no reports that evaluate the utility and outcomes of rPEVAR.Materials and methodsFrom 2015 to 2021, all patients who underwent an endovascular repair of a ruptured AAA at a single institution were included in the study and grouped into rPEVAR and rEVAR. Demographics, procedural details (successful preclose technique, conversion to femoral cutdown), postoperative variables (blood transfusion, ICU and hospital length of stay) and short-term outcomes (30-day major adverse events (30-day MAE) and 30-day femoral access-site complications (30-day FAAC)) were collected and compared with 50 historical ePEVAR patients from the PEVAR Trial. Statistical significance was determined using χ2 or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables, and Mann–Whitney U-test for continuous variables.Results35 patients were identified (21 rPEVAR; 14 rEVAR), 86% were male with a mean age of 72 ± 9 years. All patients underwent emergent endovascular aortic repair with 100% technical success. Seventeen patients (49%) presented with evidence of hemorrhagic shock and 22 patients (63%) had blood transfusion. 30-day MAE occurred in 12 patients (34%) (7 rPEVAR; 5 rEVAR). There was no difference in demographic, perioperative outcomes and 30-day MAE rate between rPEVAR and rEVAR patients. Compared to ePEVAR patient (from PEVAR trial), rPEVAR patients had higher rate of 30-day MAE (34% vs. 6%; p &lt; 0.006) but no difference in 30-day FAAC (19% vs. 12%; p = 0.54). The success rate of the preclose technique was higher in ePEVAR compared to rPEVAR (96% vs. 76%; p = 0.02), but the rate of conversion to femoral cutdown was similar between the two groups (10% vs. 4%; p = 0.57).ConclusionEmergent rPEVAR appears to have similar outcomes when compared to rEVAR. Although patients undergoing rPEVAR have higher 30-day major adverse events rate compared to ePEVAR, the method of percutaneous femoral cannulation does not appear to increase the overall procedural or 30-day femoral artery access-site complications.
Patient experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study in Dutch primary care
Authors: Homburg Maarten , Brandenbarg Daan , olde Hartman Tim , Ramerman Lotte , Beugel Gina , Rijpkema Corinne , Verheij Robert , Berger Marjolein , Peters Lilian 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundChanges in primary care provision during the COVID-19 pandemic could have affected patient experience of primary care both positively and negatively.AimTo assess the experiences of patients in primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design & settingA qualitative study of patients from regions with high and low COVID-19 prevalence in the Netherlands.MethodA qualitative study using a phenomenological framework was performed among purposively sampled patients. Individual semi-structured interviews were performed and transcribed. Data were thematically analysed by means of an inductive approach.ResultsTwenty-eight patients were interviewed (13 men and 15 women, aged 27–91 years). After thematic analysis, two main themes emerged: accessibility and continuity of primary care. Changes considered positive during the pandemic regarding accessibility and continuity of primary care included having a quieter practice, having more time for consultations, and the use of remote care for problems with low complexity. However, patients also experienced decreases in both care accessibility and continuity, such as feeling unwelcome, the GP postponing chronic care, seeing unfamiliar doctors, and care being segregated.ConclusionDespite bringing several benefits, patients indicated that the changes to primary care provision during the COVID-19 pandemic could have threatened care accessibility and continuity, which are core values of primary care. These insights can guide primary care provision not only in this and future pandemics, but also when implementing permanent changes to care provision in primary care.
Photocatalytic CO
2
–to–Ethylene Conversion over Bi
2
S
3
/CdS Heterostructures Constructed via Facile Cation Exchange
Authors: Huang Hai−Bo , Zhang Ning , Xu Jian−Ying , Xu Yu−Hang , Li Ya−Feng , Lü Jian , Cao Rong 
Published: October 2022

Solar-driven CO
2
conversion to multicarbon (C
2+
) products has emerged as a key challenge, yet this calls for a systematic investigation on the overall reaction process and mechanism at an atomic level based on the rational design of highly selective photocatalysts. Herein, we report the synthesis of compact Bi
2
S
3
/CdS heterostructures via facile cation exchange, by which a unique pathway of CO
2
–to–C
2
H
4
photoconversion is achieved. Specifically, the BCS–30 shows an optimal C
2
H
4
production rate of 3.49
μ
mol h
−1
g
−1
based on the regulation of band structures and energy levels of photocatalysts by controlled growth of Bi
2
S
3
at CdS surface. Both experimental and theoretical results (DFT calculations) identify Bi atoms as new catalytic sites for the adsorption of CO

∗

and formation of

∗

CO−

∗

CO dimers that further hydrogenate to produce ethylene. Overall, this work demonstrates vast potentials of delicately designed heterostructures for CO
2
conversion towards C
2+
products under mild photocatalytic conditions.
Artificial Intelligence Assistant for Mathematics Education
Authors: Jancarik Antonin , Novotna Jarmila , Michal Jakub 
Published: October 2022

The paper presents the partial results of a research study conducted within the project AI Assistant for Pupils and Teachers. The university, non-profit sector and organization established by the Ministry of Education are cooperating on this project. The aim of the project is to prepare an AI assistant for communication with teachers and pupils. The output of the project should be a system that communicates with pupils and teachers. AI assistant will offer them appropriate teaching materials based on their needs. The system will use not only pre-prepared materials (which is the case presented in this paper), but will be able to independently search and evaluate materials in open databases. We primarily focus on supporting the teaching and learning of mathematics and Czech language.
In this paper, we focus on one of the partial researches. The aim of this research was to prepare and experimentally test the possibility of using a series of pre-prepared math problems of an increasing difficulty for individual (partly pupil-managed) practice of algebraic expressions. The topic of algebraic expressions was chosen because it is relatively well-structured and is therefore suitable for this method of processing. At the same time, and this is very important, the topics include the so-called critical topics, i.e. topics that cause problems for pupils and where pupils very often seek help. The topic of algebraic expressions is divided into several subchapters, each of which contains about ten steps, consisting of three tasks, one of basic, one of standard and one of higher difficulty, and supporting materials for mastering them. The pupil can decide what difficulty of the task they want to solve and what supporting materials they want to use. The developed application is available to pupils online in the web environment as well as in the form of an app for the mobile phone. The application has already been published and is in a test regime.
Los modelos pedagógicos en la formación de profesores
Authors: Loya Chávez Hermila 
Published: October 2022

Desde que se instituyeron los programas formales para la formación de los profesores de educación básica en México, ha existido escaso acuerdo sobre la naturaleza precisa de modelos pedagógicos que puedan constituir las formas más adecuadas de preparación para su ejercicio educativo.
Los modelos pedagógicos creados oscilan entre tres tendencias definidas, desde la sociología. La primera, identificada como racionalista, que corresponde a los enfoques signados por la centralización y la normalización, bajo el argumento de que solo el control centralizado de los currículos, textos y enseñanzas, así como el de la didáctica, puede elevar la calidad de la educación. La segunda, centrada en los estudios psicológicos del desarrollo del niño que permiten la adecuación de la enseñanza y la tercera, que constituye la tendencia crítica, asentada en el fundamento de que todo plan de formación de profesores adopta una postura de acción reflexiva respecto a las formas institucionales y al contexto político y económico en el que se desarrolla la sociedad. En este sentido, los programas de formación y su desarrollo se fundamentan en un modelo pedagógico que refleja su afiliación a éste, de manera implícita y explícita, a través de las prácticas formativas.
Este escrito, esencialmente, pretende aclarar el panorama del porqué el contenido de los modelos pedagógicos hace inscribirlos en una u otra de las tendencias dominantes- la racionalista, la desarrollista y la crítica- presentando al lector una tipología de siete modelos que, sin ser exhaustiva, da cuenta de elementos básicos de cada uno.
Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, competencias profesionales y empleabilidad
Authors: García Manjón Juan Vicente , Pérez López Mª. Carmen 
Published: October 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar el marco teórico general del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, vinculándolo directamente con las directrices de empleabilidad y el enfoque competencial de los requeri­mientos profesionales pautados desde Bolonia, donde se asume la obligación de la Europa del conocimiento de conferir a sus ciudadanos las competencias necesarias para afrontar el nuevo milenio.
El proceso de convergencia supone para las instituciones universitarias europeas un reto de superación, compromiso y optimización, en definitiva, una oportunidad, que está dando lugar a la reconfiguración del ámbito universitario en general y de la actividad en las aulas en particular. Todo ello se articula en torno a la estructura de las titulaciones, la definición de los créditos académicos y el sistema de acreditación de las enseñanzas.
A través del presente trabajo nos disponemos a poner en valor, de forma sencilla y clara, los nuevos planteamientos en la armonización y construcción del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) y su vinculación al concepto de empleabilidad de los egresados y al marco de competencias profesionales, diseñadas de acuerdo con cada titulación y las distintas ocupaciones.
El EEES es ya una realidad que necesita de nuevos paradigmas para su transformación, donde la cuestión central del proceso es determinar cuáles deben ser los conocimientos y competencias de los graduados. Los poderes públicos, los responsables de las instituciones académicas y el profesorado, tienen que desarrollar capacidades que les permita ensayar nuevas metodologías de aprendizaje y enseñanza dentro de los procesos de innovación educativa sustentados en la calidad y transparencia.
En resumen, el punto de partida para trabajar en cada uno de los pilares del nuevo marco educativo y metodológico, es reformular el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje con el fin de dotar al alumno de las competencias necesarias para una óptima y rápida incorporación profesional, a través del reconocimiento e identidad de las titulaciones a nivel europeo, la estructura en grado y postgrado, la implantación de un sistema de créditos ECTS, la reformulación el entorno de aprendizaje y el reconocimiento de la movilidad como medio para alentar la investigación y la formación continua.