bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late-Night Digital Media Use in Relation to Chronotype, Sleep and Tiredness on School Days in Adolescence
Authors: Kortesoja Laura , Vainikainen Mari-Pauliina , Hotulainen Risto , Merikanto Ilona 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrevious studies on late-night digital media use and adolescent sleep have not considered how chronotype, a natural tendency to be awake or asleep at certain time, is associated with this relationship. Therefore, the nature of the relationship between late-night digital media use and sleep in different chronotypes remains still unknown. The sample consisted of 15–20-year-old Finnish adolescents (n = 1084, mean age = 16.9 years, SD = 0.93, 45.7% female). This study examined whether chronotype, measured as diurnal type and midpoint of sleep, was associated with the time of evening/night when digital media was used. Associations between the use of different forms of digital media and sleep quality, sleep duration and tiredness on school days were also investigated. Finally, the mediation effect of late-night digital media use to the relationship between chronotype and sleep was examined. Generalized linear models showed that evening chronotype, weekend midpoint of sleep, and the time of evening or night at which digital media was used were associated with more insufficient sleep and tiredness, lower sleep quality and shorter sleep duration on school days. The total use of all media forms, i.e., late-night digital media for music, movies/series, social media, and studying, were associated with shorter sleep duration and more insufficient sleep and daytime tiredness. Late-night social media use also mediated the association between diurnal type and sleep quality. Watching movies or listening to music late at night was the strongest mediator of the association between diurnal type and sleep and tiredness. The most prominent finding shows that of the all different media forms, watching movies or listening to music late at night were associated with increased daytime tiredness, whereas late social media use was associated with poor sleep quality. These interactions were pronounced especially for evening-types. The findings of the current study suggest that the negative effects of late-night media use are reflected especially in sleep quality and daytime tiredness among evening-types during adolescence.
A systematic review investigating the role and impact of pharmacist interventions in cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Ahmed Aamna , Guo Ping , Jalal Zahraa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a predominant cause of mortality. Pharmacists play an important role in secondary prevention of CVD, however, their role in cardiac rehabilitation is under-reported and services are under-utilised.AimTo explore the role of pharmacists in cardiac rehabilitation, the impact of their interventions on patient outcomes, and prospects of future role development.MethodDatabases searched were PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and PsycINFO from January 2006 to October 2021. Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials were selected if they assessed the role of pharmacists in cardiac rehabilitation. Cochrane risk of bias tool, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tool for Quasi-Experimental Studies and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NIH) quality assessment tool, were used to assess quality and a narrative synthesis was conducted.ResultsThe search yielded 786 studies, only five met the inclusion criteria. The pharmacist-led interventions included patient education, medication review and reconciliation, and medication adherence encouragement. Four out of the five studies showed that pharmacist-led interventions in cardiac rehabilitation significantly improved patient clinical and non-clinical outcomes. One study showed a statistically significant reduction in low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels to optimal target of < 70 mg/dL (80% vs 60%,p = 0.0084). Two studies reported better medication adherence, and two studies showed greater improvement in all domains of health-related quality of life observed in the intervention group.ConclusionPharmacist-led interventions in cardiac rehabilitation could lower CVD risk factors and hence recurrence. Although these findings support pharmacists’ involvement in cardiac rehabilitation, larger intervention studies are needed to evaluate the feasibility of pharmacist-led interventions and their impact on hospital admissions and mortality risk.
Institutional Environment Pressures Perceived by Bilateral Development Cooperation Agency's Constituents
Authors: Fushimi Katsutoshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPublic organisations have rarely been the subjects of neo-institutional research. Intra-organisational behaviour has also been under-researched. This study examined how four distinct groups of Bilateral Development Cooperation Agency's staff perceive institutional environment pressures from home and host countries. One-hundred thirty-one valid responses obtained through an online survey were analysed. Staff in both the headquarters and overseas offices felt a powerful home country accountability pressure. This tendency is prominent for management staff. The test results, as seen through the lens of a neo-institutional perspective, suggest that overseas office staff prioritise accountability to home country stakeholders over that to host country stakeholders.
Short pedagogical training in supporting university teachers’ professional vision: A comparison of prospective and current faculty teachers
Authors: Heinonen Neea , Katajavuori Nina , Murtonen Mari , Södervik Ilona 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of a short pedagogical training on university teachers’ professional vision and (mis)conceptions concerning teaching and learning, utilizing a mixed-methods approach. Participants’ written interpretations of a video-based teaching–learning situation were analyzed and comparisons were made between prospective and current faculty teachers. Before the course, participants missed almost half of the pedagogically relevant incidents in a classroom. Generally, the short pedagogical training was successful in supporting all participants’ professional vision development. The training successfully provided all teachers’ with more in-depth reasoning skills as a result of the course. Thus, improvements in participants’ reasoning skills were identified, but interestingly not in their noticing capability. In addition, prospective teachers had more misconceptions concerning teaching and learning both before and after the training. Finally, the study discusses the implications for research on how teachers’ beliefs and conceptions are related to professional vision.
Emerging roles of the P2X7 receptor in cancer pain
Authors: Wu Ping , Wang Yin , Liu Yansong , Liu Yan , Zhou Guohua , Wu Xiaoqi , Wen Qingping 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCancer pain is the most prevalent symptom experienced by cancer patients. It substantially impacts a patient’s long-term physical and emotional health, making it a pressing issue that must be addressed. Purinergic receptor P2X7 (P2X7R) is a widely distributed and potent non-selective ATP-gated ion channel that regulates tumor proliferation, chronic pain, and the formation of inflammatory lesions in the central nervous system. P2X7R plays an essential role in cancer pain and complications related to cancer pain including depression and opioid tolerance. This review focuses on the structure and distribution of P2X7R, its role in diverse tissues in cancer pain, and the application of P2X7R antagonists in the treatment of cancer pain to propose new ideas for cancer pain management.
Biochar improves the performance of Avena sativa L. grown in gasoline-polluted soils
Authors: Fedeli Riccardo , Alexandrov Dmitriy , Celletti Silvia , Nafikova Elvira , Loppi Stefano 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of soil contamination by different concentrations of gasoline on oat (Avena sativa L.) and tested the effect of biochar supply to the polluted soils on the performance of oat plants. Oat seeds were sowed in contaminated soils with different concentrations of gasoline: 0% (control), 1%, 2%, 6%, and 10% (v/w), and grown for 2 weeks. Germination, fresh weight, root and stem length, photosynthetic parameters (i.e., chlorophyll content, PIABS, FV/FM, and NDVI), and total antioxidant power were analyzed. The results showed a remarkable negative effect on almost all the investigated parameters starting from the gasoline concentration of 6%. Based on these results, a new experiment was run by adding 5% (w/w) biochar (a carbon-rich byproduct of wood biomass pyrolysis) to the 6% and 10% polluted soils to test whether adding biochar had a beneficial effect on oat performance. The results showed that biochar supply greatly reduced the negative effects caused by gasoline on all the investigated parameters.
On ambiguity-averse market equilibrium
Authors: Vespermann Niklas , Hamacher Thomas , Kazempour Jalal 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe develop a Nash equilibrium problem representing a perfectly competitive market wherein all players are subject to the same source of uncertainty with an unknown probability distribution. Each player—depending on her individual access to and confidence over empirical data—builds an ambiguity set containing a family of potential probability distributions describing the uncertain event. The ambiguity set of different players is not necessarily identical, yielding a market with potentially heterogeneous ambiguity aversion. Built upon recent developments in the field of Wasserstein distributionally robust chance-constrained optimization, each ambiguity-averse player maximizes her own expected payoff under the worst-case probability distribution within her ambiguity set. Using an affine policy and a conditional value-at-risk approximation of chance constraints, we define a tractable Nash game. We prove that under certain conditions a unique Nash equilibrium point exists, which coincides with the solution of a single optimization problem. Numerical results indicate that players with comparatively lower consumption utility are highly exposed to rival ambiguity aversion.
Exploring the Nature of Authority Over, and Ownership of Data Generated by Archaeological Lidar Projects in Latin America
Authors: Cohen Anna S. , Fernandez-Diaz Juan Carlos , Meeks Amanda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractData ownership and accessibility are critical issues across academia, but especially in fields that touch upon digital heritage that relates to pre-colonial/colonial societies. Who can access spatial datasets about pre-colonial landscapes, who is writing about these topics, and who, by extension, is considered an authority on these topics? This paper explores data ownership, gender, and local affiliation by examining publications on archaeological lidar in Latin America between 2011 and 2021. For over 10 years, archaeological remote sensing derived from lidar has transformed research in Latin America and especially in Mesoamerica, yet there are numerous issues related to data ownership and authoritative voice that remain unresolved. This study shows that publication authorship, including first and co-authorship, is dominated by male researchers at US institutions while women and individuals associated with institutions in Latin America are poorly represented. The limited representation of authors with local or community affiliations suggests that local authoritative voices are largely muted in archaeological lidar research in the region. We discuss working toward more collaborative lidar research in Latin America.
Understanding crowdsourcing in science
Authors: Lenart-Gansiniec Regina , Czakon Wojciech , Sułkowski Łukasz , Pocek Jasna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOver the past 16 years, the concept of crowdsourcing has rapidly gained traction across many research fields. While related debates focused mainly on its importance for business, the public and non-governmental sectors, its relevance for generating scientific knowledge is increasingly emphasized. This rising interest remains in contradiction with its feeble recognition, and excessive simplifications reducing crowdsourcing in science to citizen science. Conceptual clarity and a coherent framework would help integrate the various research streams. The aim of this paper is to extend reflection on crowdsourcing in science by analyzing the characteristics of the phenomenon. We synthesize a consensual definition from the literature, and structure key characteristics into a coherent framework, useful in guiding further research. We use a systematic literature review procedure to generate a pool of 42 definitions from a comprehensive set of 62 articles spanning different literatures, including: business and economics, education, psychology, biology, and communication studies. We follow a mixed-method approach that combines bibliometric and frequency analyses with deductive coding and thematic analysis. Based on triangulated results we develop an integrative definition: crowdsourcing in science is a collaborative online process through which scientists involve a group of self-selected individuals of varying, diverse knowledge and skills, via an open call to the Internet and/or online platforms, to undertake a specified research task or set of tasks. We also provide a conceptual framework that covers four key characteristics: initiator, crowd, process, and technology.
Evaluation of loci to predict ear morphology using two SNaPshot assays
Authors: Noreen Saadia , Ballard David , Mehmood Tahir , Khan Arif , Khalid Tanveer , Rakha Allah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHuman ear morphology prediction with SNP-based genotypes is growing in forensic DNA phenotyping and is scarcely explored in Pakistan as a part of EVCs (externally visible characteristics). The ear morphology prediction assays with 21 SNPs were assessed for their potential utility in forensic identification of population. The SNaPshot™ multiplex chemistries, capillary electrophoresis methods and GeneMapper™ software were used for obtaining genotypic data. A total of 33 ear phenotypes were categorized with digital photographs of 300 volunteers. SHEsis software was applied to make LD plot. Ordinal and multinomial logistic regression was implemented for association testing. Multinomial logistic regression was executed to construct the prediction model in 90% training and 10% testing subjects. Several influential SNPs for ear phenotypic variation were found in association testing. The model based on genetic markers predicted ear phenotypes with moderate to good predictive accuracies demonstrated with the area under curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of predicted phenotypes. As an additional EVC, the estimated ear phenotypic profiles have the possibility of determining the human ear morphology differences in unknown biological samples found in crimes that do not result in a criminal database hit. Furthermore, this can help in facial reconstruction and act as an investigational lead.
Planning for Climate Change Impacts on Geoheritage Interests in Protected and Conserved Areas
Authors: Gordon John E. , Wignall Rachel M. L. , Brazier Vanessa , Crofts Roger , Tormey Dan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract Climate change presents challenges for the management of geoheritage at all scales from individual geosites to whole landscapes, and affecting all areas of the planet. Direct impacts will arise principally through the effects of climate changes on geomorphological processes and vegetation cover, while indirect impacts will result from hard engineering interventions to mitigate risks from natural hazards. We present an indicative framework that sets out key steps to help geoconservation practitioners and managers of all protected and conserved areas (PCAs) with geoheritage interests to assess and manage the impacts of climate change on geoheritage. Strategies for mitigation and adaptation to assist contingency planning and implementation should be supported by site condition monitoring and as far as possible work with nature, but will require to be adaptive in the face of many uncertainties. Our approach is based on assessment of the risk of degradation of geosites and their features and processes arising from the likelihood of climate change affecting them and the predicted severity of impacts. The risk of degradation of a site, feature or process will depend on (i) its geographic location and proximity to geomorphological systems that are likely to respond dynamically to climate changes; (ii) the magnitude, rate and duration of these changes; and (iii) intrinsic factors that include the geological and physical characteristics of the site and its features and processes. Management options range from non-intervention to planned interventions informed by the risk of degradation assessment. However, documentation for posterity may be the only practical option for geoheritage interests close to existential thresholds, such as small mountain glaciers, and sites at risk from sea-level rise and coastal or river erosion. Adaptation strategies for geoheritage in protected and conserved areas should, as far as practicable, align with those for biodiversity and aim to deliver multiple co-benefits for nature and people, although economic, social and political constraints may hinder implementation where wider stakeholder interests are involved. Managers of PCAs will need substantial input from geoconservation experts to carry out the assessments recommended and determine the action required.
The periotic of a basal balaenopterid from the Tortonian of the Stirone River, northern Italy (Cetacea, Mysticeti, Balaenopteridae)
Authors: Bisconti Michelangelo , Raineri Gianluca , Tartarelli Giandonato , Monegatti Paola , Carnevale Giorgio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA new periotic (MuMAB 240508) is described from the Tortonian of the Stirone River, Northern Italy. The new specimen is described and compared to all the known periotics of extant and extinct balaenopterid species. The new specimen shows balaenopterid characters, including the triangular anterior process, the transverse and anteroposterior elongations of the pars cochlearis, as well as in the arrangement of the endocranial foramina of the periotic. The presence of a medial promontorial groove, a lack of separation between the round window and the perilymphatic foramen together with the presence of a protruding set of medial crests suggest that this periotic may belong to an archaic and undescribed balaenopterid species. A phylogenetic analysis was performed to understand the relationships of this specimen within the broader context of balaenopterid phylogeny; this analysis showed that MuMAB 240508 belongs to a basal balaenopterid taxon that is the sister group to all the other Balaenopteridae with the exception of ‘Balaenoptera’ ryani. An ordinary least squares regression analysis showed that a relationship exists linking the length of the anterior process of the periotic and the total body length in Balaenopteridae. By means of such a relationship, the total body length of the individual to which MuMAB 240508 belonged to was reconstructed and resulted in c. 14.4 m. This individual was longer than all the other contemporaneous balaenopterid mysticetes confiming the hypothesis that the origin of large size occurred in this family earlier than previously thought.
Prognostic value of Beclin 1, EGFR and ALK in non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wan Yanhui , Qian Youhui , Wang Youyu , Fang Fuyuan , Wu Guodong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most malignant tumors. The study was carried out to investigate the prognostic value of Beclin 1, EGFR and ALK for this cancer. Patients diagnosed with non-squamous NSCLC and admitted to our hospital from January 2011 to September 2016 were analyzed. Expression of Beclin 1 and mutation of EGFR and ALK were assessed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and analyzed for their relationship with demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients. Multivariate Cox regression models were applied to analyze the risk factors associated with survival and receiver response curves (ROC) were plotted to determine the prognostic value of Beclin 1, EGFR and ALK for patients with non-squamous NSCLC. Compared with adjacent normal tissue, Beclin 1 expression was elevated in the cancer tissue significantly; assessments of EGFR and ALK mutations showed that out of the 480 patients, 233 (48.5%) and 75 (12.6%) patients had EGFR and ALK mutations. Univariate analysis revealed that Beclin 1 level, EGFR and ALK mutations were associated with lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, tumor differentiation and prognosis, but not with gender, age and smoking status. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indicated that low Beclin 1 expression and positive EGFR and ALK rearrangements were associated with higher survival rate and longer progress-free survival (PFS). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that Beclin 1, EGFR, ALK mutations, tumor differentiation grade, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis were independently associated with PFS. ROC analysis showed that Beclin 1, EGFR and ALK were significant predictors for PFS; the areas under curve (AUC) for Beclin 1, EGFR and ALK were 0.812 (P = 0.018, cut-off value: 1.2), 0.781 (P = 0.011, cut-off value: 15%) and 0.722 (P = 0.010, cut-off value: 11%), respectively, suggesting that they have significant prognostic value for lung cancer patients. Our data indicate that Beclin 1, EGFR and ALK genes are associated with the prognosis of patients with non-squamous NSCLC. High Beclin 1 expression and negative EGFR and ALK mutations predict a poor prognosis with PFS.
Lefschetz properties for jacobian rings of cubic fourfolds and other Artinian algebras
Authors: Bricalli Davide , Favale Filippo Francesco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we exploit some geometric-differential techniques to prove the strong Lefschetz property in degree 1 for a complete intersection standard Artinian Gorenstein algebra of codimension 6 presented by quadrics. We prove also some strong Lefschetz properties for the same kind of Artinian algebras in higher codimensions. Moreover, we analyze some loci that come naturally into the picture of “special” Artinian algebras: for them we give some geometric descriptions and show a connection between the non emptiness of the so-called non-Lefschetz locus in degree 1 and the “lifting” of a weak Lefschetz property to an algebra from one of its quotients.