bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A self-powered deep-ultraviolet photodetector based on a hybrid organic-inorganic p-P3HT/n-Ga2O3 heterostructure
Authors: Qi Xiaohui , Ji Xueqiang , Yue Jianying , Li Lei , Wang Xia , Du Ling , Liu Zeng , Li Peigang , Guo Yufeng , Tang Weihua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A self-powered deep ultraviolet photodetector based on a hybrid Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/β-gallium oxide-(β-Ga2O3) heterojunction with planar structure is presented in this study. The P3HT precursor solution was spin-coating onto the Ga2O3 film grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The prepared device demonstrates outstanding photoelectric performance with an ultra-low dark current of 0.18 pA, a high responsivity of 57.2 mA W−1, and a detectivity of 1.47 × 1017 Jones under 1 μW cm−2 at 0 V. Benefiting from the formation of the built-in electric field, the photocurrent and response speed have been improved. Furthermore, the physical mechanism of the device under self-powered mode was discussed through an energy band diagram. The device has good stability and repeatability under different light intensities and different voltages. This work provides a simple and effective strategy for designing self-powered ultraviolet photodetectors.
Non-local gravity in bouncing cosmology scenarios
Authors: Jackson D. , Bufalo R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this work, we analyzed the improved Deser-Woodard non-local gravity over the background of five different bouncing cosmologies, whose premise is avoid the initial singular state of the universe.
We developed the numerical solution for the non-local distortion function, which encompass the modifications to the Einstein-Hilbert action, using the reconstruction procedure and we have found that they have a viable cosmological solution.
Afterwards, we discussed the physical aspects and outcomes of the evolution of the distortion function throughout the bouncing point for these models, specifically: the symmetric bounce, oscillatory bounce, the matter bounce, finite time singularity model, and the pre-inflationary asymmetrical bounce.
Magnetic tuning in a novel half-metallic Ir2TeI2 monolayer
Authors: Zhao Didi , Zhang Chenggong , Zhang Changwen , Ji Weixiao , Li Shengshi , Wang Peiji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A two-dimensional (2D) high-temperature ferromagnetic half-metal whose magnetic and electronic properties can be flexibly tuned is required for the application of new spintronics devices. In this paper, we predict a stable Ir2TeI2 monolayer with half-metallicity by systematical first-principles calculations. Its ground state is found to exhibit inherent ferromagnetism and strong out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy of up to 1.024 meV per unit cell. The Curie temperature is estimated to be 293 K based on Monte Carlo simulation. Interestingly, a switch of magnetic axis between in-plane and out-of-plane is achievable under hole and electron doping, which allows for the effective control of spin injection/detection in such 2D systems. Furthermore, the employment of biaxial strain can realize the transition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states. These findings not only broaden the scope of 2D half-metal materials but they also provide an ideal platform for future applications of multifunctional spintronic devices.
Uniform, fast, and reliable CMOS compatible resistive switching memory
Authors: Hao Yunxia , Zhang Ying , Wu Zuheng , Zhang Xumeng , Shi Tuo , Wang Yongzhou , Zhu Jiaxue , Wang Rui , Wang Yan , Liu Qi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Resistive switching random access memory (RRAM) is considered as one of the potential candidates for next-generation memory. However, obtaining an RRAM device with comprehensively excellent performance, such as high retention and endurance, low variations, as well as CMOS compatibility, etc., is still an open question. In this work, we introduce an insert TaO
x
layer into HfO
x
-based RRAM to optimize the device performance. Attributing to robust filament formed in the TaO
x
layer by a forming operation, the local-field and thermal enhanced effect and interface modulation has been implemented simultaneously. Consequently, the RRAM device features large windows (> 103), fast switching speed (~ 10 ns), steady retention (> 72 h), high endurance (> 108 cycles), and excellent uniformity of both cycle-to-cycle and device-to-device. These results indicate that inserting the TaO
x
layer can significantly improve HfO
x
-based device performance, providing a constructive approach for the practical application of RRAM.
Metals in green mussels: is there any effect on their reproduction? A preliminary study of Muara Angke, Jakarta Bay
Authors: Koagouw W , Phadmacanty N L P R , Iskandar M R , Hindarti D , Arifin Z 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Water pollution and its impacts on ecosystems in Jakarta Bay have been extensively studied over the years. Muara Angke is known anecdotally as one of the most heavily polluted parts of Jakarta Bay. In the context of the ongoing debate regarding contamination in the area, we present data on the concentration of metals in green mussels Perna viridis, one of the most popular edible commodities in Jakarta Bay. Histological examination of P. viridis gonads was also performed to demonstrate the direct effects of possible contamination on reproduction in this organism. The concentration of arsenic (As), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg) exceeded the upper limits of heavy metal contents in marine biota, whilst only As exceeded the maximum limits of heavy metal contents in processed food, both limits set by Indonesian government. Although the histological observation of gonad tissue after being stained with hematoxylin and eosin revealed some pathologies, high contents of metals in mussels collected in Muara Angke seemed not to affect their reproduction. Ecologically, direct impacts on the tissue of P. viridis will provide vital information needed to predict the health of the species in Muara Angke and the sustainability of the population.
Analysis of Food Expenditures of Rice Farmers in Flooding Prone Region in South Lampung District, Lampung Province
Authors: Abidin Zainal , Nikmatullah Dewangga , Nugraha Adia , Saleh Yuliana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Flooding frequently happened in South Lampung District between January and February which caused loss of production significantly to rice farmers. This study aims at analysing model of food expenditures of paddy farmers using survey method. The study involved 120 farmers who were randomly selected from flooding prone area and was carried out in July-September 2020. Data were analysed using regression model where dependent variable is food expenditures, and independent variables include rice production, corn production, loss of production due to flooding, family income, number of owning livestock, price of rice, price of cassava, and number of family member. Before regression analysis was run, the study did standard test for ordinary least-squares (OLS) such as multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation tests. The data passed all the required tests. The study suggests that factors affecting food expenditures include rice production, corn production, family income, price of cassava, loss of production due to flooding, and price of rice. The model concludes R2 is 0.543 suggesting that there is still about 45% of other factors that were not included in the model. The t-test suggests that rice production, family income, and price of cassava have a highly significant influence in affecting the farmers’ food expenditure in South Lampung District.
Feasibility of rooftop solar PV program for 9 tourism villages towards green village development in Bali
Authors: Halim DK , Wahyuni AANS 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Electricity in Bali majorly is supplied by power plants in Java which use fossil-fuelled. With petroleum and coal reserves to run out by 2025, Bali Government has issued Governor Ordinance No. 45/2019 concerning clean energy in encouraging Balinese to use rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV). As backboned tourism industry, Bali has drastically been declining due to COVID-19 causing most hotels and their supporting industries closed, the government then has changed the orientation from urban tourism to rural tourism. This paper proposes rooftop solar PV power plant program in the tourism village representing all 8 regencies and 1 municipality (Sudaji in Buleleng, Catur and others in Bangli, Tenganan in Karangasem, Kerta in Gianyar, Blimbingsari in Jembrana, Paksebali in Klungkung, Bongan in Tabanan, Bongkasa in Badung, and Sanur Kauh in Denpasar). Recent studies show huge potential for solar energy in Bali and the program is aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (Bali SDGs). The study elaborates problems in implementing the program since solar PV is still new and traditions could hinder the people in the tourism village to utilize it. Behaviour approach must be explored to make the program can be successfully done.
The impact of optical system aberration and fiber positioning error on the FMF coupling efficiency of an FSO receiver under atmospheric turbulence
Authors: Bian Yiming , Li Yan , Li Wei , Hong Xiaobin , Qiu Jifang , Chen Erhu , Li Li , Wu Jian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Owing to the rapid development of coherent optical fiber communication, free-space optical communication systems typically have a fiber-based coupling structure. In such systems, the received light field is coupled to a single-mode fiber or a few-mode fiber (FMF). In this study, we respectively establish an expectation model of FMF coupling efficiency under optical system aberration (OSA) and fiber positioning error (FPE) conditions, based on the Kolmogorov power-law spectrum and plane wave. The performance of the FMF with different coupling geometry parameters is analyzed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the impacts of OSA and FPE on the coupling efficiency of a FMF under different turbulence strengths and coupling geometry parameters have been analyzed.
Microbubble generation and large-scale assembly of colloidal particles by graphene oxide microstructures
Authors: Pinapati Praveenkumar , Puthenveetil Jostine Joby , Cherukulappurath Sudhir 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The study of generation, growth and decay of microbubbles is interesting owing to its potential applications in imaging, trapping of colloidal particles and mass fluid flow. While there have been several reports on the generation of microbubbles using plasmonic nanostructure based substrates, they often are expensive and cumbersome to fabricate. In this study, we demonstrate a simple scheme for the generation of microbubbles using graphene oxide (GO) microstructures. Due to the excellent photothermal properties of this graphene-based 2D material, it is possible to generate and sustain microbubbles by laser illumination at low intensities of the order of few of μW μm−2. The size of the microbubbles can be tuned by changing the incident laser power. Furthermore, the generated microbubble acts as a concave wide-angle lens with variable focal length. We further utilised the fluid flow around the microbubble to generate large-scale assembly of silica beads and quantum dots using thermophoretic forces. This optically-assisted thermophoretic aggregation is rapid and reversible. Owing to the simple and cost-effective synthesis method of GO, this scheme is an excellent alternative to plasmonic heating based-methods for the generation of microbubbles .
Material flow analysis of China’s five commodity plastics urges radical waste infrastructure improvement
Authors: Jian Xiaomei , Wang Peng , Sun Ningning , Xu Wen , Liu Lingxuan , Ma Yichun , Chen Wei-Qiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Plastic waste is one of the most pressing global environmental challenges. As the world’s largest plastic waste generator and importer, China has implemented various policies to promote sustainable plastic waste management. However, the quantitative understanding of China’s application-specific plastic waste recycling and its infrastructure development is still quite limited. Here, we build up a unified framework to investigate the recycling and the corresponding infrastructure status of five commodity plastics in China, which are polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (PE, PP, PVC, PS, ABS) from 2000–2019. We find that: (1) in total, China consumed around 981.4 million tons (Mt) of the five commodity plastics from 2000–2019, generating 590.4 Mt of plastic waste, only 27% of which was recycled, 34% was landfilled and 32% was incinerated; (2) PP (∼30%) and PE (∼28%) have the highest recycling rate in China, which is related to their huge consumption base, while PS and ABS have the lowest recycling rate at only ∼26%; (3) the waste recycling performance is determined by its applications, and the worst recycling rates (<20%) are the packaging and commodity sectors due to their poor collection, while higher recycling rates (⩾30%) are found in the building and construction, agriculture and transportation sectors due to the special waste collection systems in these sectors; (4) our further examination of the recycling potential reveals that around 56% of packaging waste can be recycled by adjusting waste management infrastructure (in the collection, pre- and end-processing). Our results can help bridge information gaps and support policymaking to improve sustainable plastic waste management.
Ludwig van Beethoven: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Bonds Mark Evan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Ludvig van Beethoven: A Very Short Introduction examines Beethoven’s consistent attitude towards his art which is remarkable considering the difficulties he faced in life. This inner consistency provides the key to understanding the composer’s life and works more than 250 years after his birth in 1770. Beethoven approached music as he approached life, weighing from a variety of perspectives whatever occupied him: a melodic idea, a musical genre, a word or phrase, a friend, a lover, a patron, money, politics, religion. His ability to recognize and unlock so many possibilities from each helps explain the emotional breadth and richness of his output as a whole. Beethoven’s works are a series of variations on his life. The iconic scowl so familiar from later images of the composer is but one of many attitudes he could assume and project through his music. The supposedly characteristic frown and furrowed brow, moreover, came only after his time.
Introduction
Authors: Bonds Mark Evan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
‘Introduction’ considers how to relate Beethoven to all of his music and not just some of it. So many myths and legends have grown up around Beethoven that separating fact from fiction is a major challenge for anyone who wants to come to grips with him and his music. Generations of critics have projected Beethoven’s life onto his works, treating his music as if it were the soundtrack to the life. The temptation is understandable, for his style did indeed change markedly over the course of his career. If we know anything about his life at all, it is difficult to hear the unconventional piano sonatas and string quartets of his last decade without imagining the sense of isolation his near-total deafness must have forced on him. Yet Beethoven was in many respects remarkably consistent in his attitude toward his art, and the story of his life does not always allow us to draw direct lines between the two.
The scowl
Authors: Bonds Mark Evan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
‘The scowl’ explains that while there are no right or wrong ways to listen to Beethoven’s music, some are more accommodating than others. The first thing to get past is the image of the ever-present scowl. The image of the frowning composer has unduly narrowed the way we hear his works. The scowl maps well onto some of them, like the Fifth Symphony and the “Moonlight” and “Appassionata” Sonatas, but it is difficult to reconcile with most of his output, including such openly humorous works as the Eighth Symphony and the Piano Sonata op. 79. Beethoven was in fact far more multi-faceted than the image of him that developed after his death: he operated more in the manner of playwrights like Shakespeare, equally adept at both tragedy and comedy, able to see any given object from multiple perspectives. Beethoven scowled but he also laughed, and to judge from contemporary reports, he did so often and quite heartily. Scowling or laughing, he was in any case able to distance himself from his own transitory emotions and create fictional worlds that we as listeners can inhabit at our pleasure.
Early—middle—late
Authors: Bonds Mark Evan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
‘Early—middle—late’ divides Beethoven’s career into three periods: Early (through 1802), Middle (1803-15) and Late (1815-27). This delineation has inevitably shaped how we hear the music in ways that are sometimes helpful, sometimes not. The “early” works are often characterized as following in the tradition of Haydn and Mozart; this is true, provided we keep in mind that audiences of the time recognized Haydn and Mozart as brilliantly original and unpredictable, very much like Beethoven. The works of the “middle” period—sometimes called the “heroic” period—are often regarded as quintessentially Beethovenian, for they include many of his best-known compositions, including the Third and Fifth Symphonies, with their trajectories of struggle and triumph; but this perspective short-changes the many and no less remarkable “unheroic” works of this period. Finally, the works of the “late” period are often perceived to reflect Beethoven’s increasing isolation from society during the last decade of his life: critics hear a heightened degree of introspection in this music, particularly when compared against the “heroic” works of the previous decade. But this, too, paints with a brush that is rather too broad, failing to explain, for example, the Ninth Symphony with its triumphant message of universal brotherhood.
Metabolic pathways of cinnamic acid derivatives in Brazilian green propolis in rats
Authors: Yamaga Masayuki , Tani Hiroko , Murota Kaeko 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cinnamic acid derivatives, which are dietary phenolic compounds, are attracting attention for their health benefits. Artepillin C, drupanin, baccharin, and p-coumaric acid are major cinnamic acid derivatives in Brazilian green propolis (BGP) used as functional food materials. To investigate the metabolism of these cinnamic acid derivatives, each compound was administered to rats, and their metabolic profiles were compared with those administered BGP. Artepillin C metabolized to hydroxylated metabolites (capillartemisin A), as well as glucuronide. Drupanin sulfate, glucuronide, and hydroxylated form were detected in plasma both after ingestion of drupanin and its 3-phenylpropionic acid ester (baccharin). p-Coumaric acid underwent sulfation, but not glucuronidation. These results reveal that the metabolic pathways of cinnamic acid derivatives in rats comprise ester hydrolysis and hydroxylation, as well as phase-II conjugation. Our findings may provide significant information for estimating the potential activity of various cinnamic acid derivatives derived from functional food materials.
CFM-ID 4.0 – a web server for accurate MS-based metabolite identification
Authors: Wang Fei , Allen Dana , Tian Siyang , Oler Eponine , Gautam Vasuk , Greiner Russell , Metz Thomas O , Wishart David S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The CFM-ID 4.0 web server (https://cfmid.wishartlab.com) is an online tool for predicting, annotating and interpreting tandem mass (MS/MS) spectra of small molecules. It is specifically designed to assist researchers pursuing studies in metabolomics, exposomics and analytical chemistry. More specifically, CFM-ID 4.0 supports the: 1) prediction of electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectra (ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) for small molecules over multiple collision energies (10 eV, 20 eV, and 40 eV); 2) annotation of ESI-QTOF-MS/MS spectra given the structure of the compound; and 3) identification of a small molecule that generated a given ESI-QTOF-MS/MS spectrum at one or more collision energies. The CFM-ID 4.0 web server makes use of a substantially improved MS fragmentation algorithm, a much larger database of experimental and in silico predicted MS/MS spectra and improved scoring methods to offer more accurate MS/MS spectral prediction and MS/MS-based compound identification. Compared to earlier versions of CFM-ID, this new version has an MS/MS spectral prediction performance that is ∼22% better and a compound identification accuracy that is ∼35% better on a standard (CASMI 2016) testing dataset. CFM-ID 4.0 also features a neutral loss function that allows users to identify similar or substituent compounds where no match can be found using CFM-ID’s regular MS/MS-to-compound identification utility. Finally, the CFM-ID 4.0 web server now offers a much more refined user interface that is easier to use, supports molecular formula identification (from MS/MS data), provides more interactively viewable data (including proposed fragment ion structures) and displays MS mirror plots for comparing predicted with observed MS/MS spectra. These improvements should make CFM-ID 4.0 much more useful to the community and should make small molecule identification much easier, faster, and more accurate.
Learning to Write with Emily Dickinson
Authors: Cohen Michael C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Where did Emily Dickinson first discover poetry? Where might we locate the beginnings of her desire to write? This essay speculates upon such questions by placing Dickinson in the context of a flourishing antebellum culture of amateur writing that was rooted in the institution of the school. The antebellum period was the era of the “poetry of the portfolio,” in Emerson’s phrase, and the school was a major force behind the upsurge of poetry writing that Emerson noted. This essay juxtaposes Dickinson with other young women poets of the 1830s and 1840s, and it reads their adolescent experiences with poetry through the educational institutions, pedagogical theories and methods, and the manuscript genres and formats, such as the poetry album, that combined to create the first mass readership and mass writership for poems in mid-nineteenth-century America.
Writing for Posterity
Authors: Miller Cristanne 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The evidence of Dickinson’s extant manuscripts and the apparent sequence in which she copied poems to retain or circulate indicate that Dickinson wrote poetry not primarily to communicate with particular individuals but for posterity—or because such copying satisfied both her need to write and a desire that her poems survive their immediate context. This essay bases its conclusions on an examination of the sequence of her composition, copying, and circulation of poems, to the extent that we can know it, and the misleading implications of Ralph W. Franklin’s choice always to print a poem as circulated before that poem’s retained version, when sequence is not clear. It also examines Dickinson’s changing use of the fascicle booklets to include alternatives and revisions as significant to understanding her composition process. Together, this evidence suggests that for the vast majority of her poems circulation is not an intermediary stage in her composition (before copying a poem to retain) or her primary impetus for writing. For Dickinson, writing poetry was essential to her thinking and living in a vibrantly interesting and conflict-riven world. The typical sequence of her recording and circulating poems indicates that her most important audiences for the poems generally (albeit not for every individual poem) are, first, herself and then the future “Hands she cannot see” addressed in her “letter to the World.”