bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variability in the Nonlinear Modelling Parameters of Steel I‐shaped Beams Subjected to Cyclic Loading Considering Manufacturing Tolerances
Authors: Mohabeddine Anis I. , Eshaghi Cyrus , Barros Rui Carneiro de , Correia José A.F.O , Castro José M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on the probabilistic characterization of the cyclic behaviour of steel deep members with European I‐shaped profiles. The variability of the behaviour of the member depends on several factor such as the material variability and geometrical imperfections. The effect of material variability is well recognized by the scientific community and has been considered in international design codes such Eurocode 8. European hot rolled profiles may be produced with some tolerable deviation from the nominal section in terms of shape and dimensions, which are limited by the European standard EN10034. The effect of geometrical imperfections received considerable research attention in the past. However, to the best knowledge of the authors, there are no studies that investigated the effect of the manufacturing tolerances on the behaviour of I‐shaped steel members. The tolerance range on the dimensions of the profile can be significant. The change in the dimensions of the profile changes the web and flange slenderness which may have a significant influence on the flexural behaviour. Thus, the characterisation of the effect of the manufacturing tolerances on the behaviour of the members is of paramount interest. For this purpose, an advanced finite element model, validated with past experimental data, was developed and an extensive parametric study is conducted. Then, statistical methods are used to characterise the variability using different distributions
Steel and Composite Joints for MRFs in Moderate Seismicity: Experimental and Numerical Program
Authors: Don Rafaela , Balaskas Georgios , Vulcu Cristian , Hoffmeister Benno 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWithin an ongoing German‐funded research project, a series of beam‐to‐column joints with dissipative bolted connections was developed for Moment‐Resisting Frames designed for moderate seismicity. Due to the new provisions of the German National Annex to EN 1998‐1, the seismic hazard grew in relevance: extended seismic areas and increased spectral acceleration. Thus, seismic load may become a decisive factor on the design of steel and composite frames. Therefore, it was considered reasonable to exploit the inherent ductility of the steel components. However, the demand is considerably lower in Germany than in other regions. While the motivation was to find solutions to address these challenges, the approach was to develop pre‐qualified dissipative beam‐to‐column joints classified as semi‐rigid and partial‐strength for office and industrial buildings that could allow for the use of behavior factors in the range of 1.5/3. The development of the end‐plate connections was based on the German catalogue of typical connections designed for use in the elastic range. These were optimized to perform beyond the elastic range and adapted to the new requirements of the German National Annex. The ongoing experimental tests are performed on full‐scale specimens under monotonic and cyclic loading.
On the Modelling of “Fork” Supports Using geometrically Exact Thin‐walled Beam Finite Elements
Authors: Gonçalves Rodrigo , Ritto‐Corrêa Manuel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper discusses issues related to the modelling of so‐called “fork” supports using geometrically exact 3D thin‐walled beam finite elements whose rotations are parametrized using the rotation vector. This study is motivated by the fact that isolated members with “fork” supports are commonly employed in numerical and experimental studies, for the development of design rules for steel members. These supports are defined in the small displacement range, restraining the cross‐section in‐plane displacements and the torsional rotation of the beam (along the beam initial axis). This definition is usually extended to the large displacement case for beam finite element models, whereas in experimental tests and shell finite element models, a two‐axis gimbal‐type support is used instead. This paper thus aims at (i) showing how the two‐axis gimbal support may be modelled using beam elements which are based on a rotation vector parametrization of finite rotations and (ii) highlighting the differences between the two support types. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the differences, which are quite significant for moderate‐to‐large displacements, but do not seem to affect the collapse load of standard steel members.
An Enhanced Design Approach for Global and Local Buckling Resistance of Welded Box Section Columns
Authors: Radwan Mohammad , Kövesdi Balázs 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe construction industry is witnessing an increased utilization of steel elements due to their effectiveness and durability, with the ability to fabricate lightweight sections having high bearing capacity. Welded box‐section is one of those elements that gain more attention as it is easy to fabricate and has limited stability issues. Buckling is considered one of the major issues that hinder the ability of the steel box‐section to attain its full capacity. The buckling problem for this type of column can be classified into three major types: overall buckling, local buckling, and interacting buckling. Different research activities studied the overall and the local buckling stabilities of box‐section columns, while only a limited number of researchers studied the interaction stability that compromises both types of buckling. Additionally, the available design standards do not account for the nonlinear nature of combining these two buckling types and only use a simple approach to account for their combined effect, leading to a considerably conservative estimation of the buckling capacity. The current research utilizes a FEM‐based design approach to account for the combined nonlinear effect through the utilization of geometrical and material nonlinear analysis (GMNIA) by the creation of a numerical model of square welded box‐section columns, applying a nonlinear material model, an improved combination of local and global imperfections developed by the authors during previous research as well as the residual stresses. The numerical model is validated against experimental tests available in the literature. Then, it is used to carry out a numerical parametric study with a significant number of tests to build a numerical database that can be used to develop an enhanced design approach for the interactive buckling resistance of box‐sections columns under pure compression. The new approach is based on a reliable and accurate numerical model considering an improved combination of the local and global geometric imperfections and residual stresses, which gives more accurate results than the previous model published in international literature. The paper also describes the way of the imperfection combinations to be applied. The new design approach also considers the interaction of the global and local reduction factors depending on the global and local slenderness ratio leading to accurate buckling resistance.
A Study on the Capacity of Steel Portal Frames using Shell Finite Elements
Authors: Couto Carlos , Oliveira Diogo , Real Paulo Vila 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSteel portal frames are common structures used in practice. Owing to their optimization, members with tapered geometry and slender sections are prevalent. Since local buckling is a possible mode of failure, an additional complexity arises that requires the use of shell finite elements to assess the ultimate capacity of these structures. On the other hand, imperfections, either of geometric or material nature, must be considered because they are unavoidable and reduce the overall capacity of the frames to carry load. The main focus of this study is therefore to characterize the influence of imperfections. Plate imperfections (or local), global (or member) and frame imperfections, are considered as well as material imperfections such as residual stresses that may contribute to degrade the frame's behaviour.An extensive parametric study comprising a total of 24 frames and 15 different imperfection sets was carried out and based on this large pool of results, recommendations for the definition of imperfections are given and conclusions are drawn on their influence. This work aims to be a step further in establishing a numerical framework to generate results that can be later used to validate existing design methods.
Ultimate Resistance of Diagonally Stiffened Thin Steel Webs in I‐girders
Authors: Martins João Pedro , da Silva Luis Simões , Cardoso Hermano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA common structural feature in steel bridges is the use of twin‐I‐girders as the main structural elements. These can reach large dimensions and high weight presenting high values of local slen‐derness resulting in reduced resistance values due to local buckling of the web. This paper explores alternative structural solutions to enhance the stability of slender webs in steel bridges. The central concept to be analyzed is adding a diagonal stiffener able to transfer the shear loading near the supports, avoiding the shear buckling of the web. One problem with this solution is that welding may not be suitable as it introduces residual stresses and local distortion of the web, thus eliminating the potential benefits of the diagonal stiffener. To characterize the ultimate behavior of I‐girders, an experimental study was envisaged and published by the authors and now is used to calibrate a numerical model. The main goal of the calibrated numerical is to develop a parametric study of diagonally stiffened I‐girders which ultimately will allow to propose an analytical model to compute the ultimate load.
Finite Element Analysis of Telecommunication Structure Reinforcement
Authors: Fitzalan Jake , Mashiri Fidelis 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFrequent technology upgrades in telecommunications have led to an increase in wind load on the towers that hold this equipment. The legs of lattice towers are critical members to the structure's integrity as they transfer large portions of compressive load through to the foundations. Through the increasing amount of compressive load, these members could eventually fail due to insufficient strength, which has raised the need to reinforce existing structures. Currently within industry, retrofitting new members onto the existing legs is common, however there is currently little research that has been carried out to investigate the effectiveness of these methods. This research investigates the retrofit of a Circular Hollow Section (CHS) that has been strengthened with two steel rods and aims to provide greater clarity on the effectiveness of the design through numerical analysis. This was completed using ABAQUS 2021 by performing both linear and non‐linear buckling analysis. It has been found that the design can improve compressive strength by up to 277.3% for the short column which matches the predicted strength. For the long column, an increase of 130.2% was recorded which is significantly less then calculated values. The results obtained further stress the need for continued research in this field, with an emphasis on experimental results.
DOTP versus DOTA as Ligands for Lanthanide Cations: Novel Structurally Characterized CeIV and CeIII Cyclen‐Based Complexes and Clusters in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Dovrat Gev , Pevzner Svetlana , Maimon Eric , Vainer Radion , Iliashevsky Olga , Ben‐Eliyahu Yeshayahu , Moisy Philippe , Bettelheim Armand , Zilbermann Israel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe coordination and redox chemistry of aqueous CeIV/III macrocyclic compounds were studied by using the ligands DOTA and DOTP (1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7,10‐tetrayl)tetraacetic acid and 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7,10‐tetra(methylene phosphonic acid), respectively). The hydrolysis tendency of the tetravalent cation in the presence of DOTA is shown to result in the formation of a highly ordered, fluorite‐like [CeIV6(O)4(OH)4(H2O)8(DOTAH)4] oxo‐hydroxo structure both in solution and in the solid state. The lifetime of the analogous species formed in the presence of DOTP was found to be much shorter. Spectroscopic measurements of the latter suggest its similarity to the former. Its gradual decomposition in solution leads to the accumulation of the in‐cage complexes [CeIVDOTP] and [CeIIIDOTP(H2O)], which were crystallographically characterized in this study. The redox energetics and spectroscopic characteristics for the transition between these two in‐cage complexes in aqueous solutions were studied as well. Together with the crystallographic structures of the above‐mentioned species, the in‐cage [CeIVDOTA(H2O)] complex structure is presented herein for the first time. An elaborative analysis of the X‐ray crystallographic structural data obtained for the in‐cage complexes studied herein and similar structures published previously suggests that hard‐bonding cyclen‐derived ligands are, counter‐intuitively, better suited for encapsulating, and perhaps kinetically stabilize softer cations than harder ones with DOTP, marked as a possible adequate chelator for the study of the aqueous properties of LnII and AcIII cations.
A Piezo‐Fenton System with Rapid Iron Cycling and Hydrogen Peroxide Self‐Supply Driven by Ultrasound
Authors: Ge Lin , Xiao Jie , Liu Wencheng , Ren Guolan , Zhou Chi , Liu Junan , Zou Ji‐Jun , Yang Zixin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe piezo‐Fenton system has attracted attention not only because it can enhance the Fenton reaction activity by mechanical energy input, but also because it is expected to realize a class of stimuli‐responsive advanced oxidation systems by regulating energy input and hydrogen peroxide self‐supply, thus greatly enriching the application possibilities of Fenton chemistry. In this work, a series of Fe‐doped g‐C3N4 (g‐C3N4‐Fe) as a piezo‐Fenton system were synthesized where the iron stably immobilized through Fe−N interaction. The piezo‐induced electrons generate on g‐C3N4 matrix support the conversion of Fe(III) to Fe(II) and promote rate‐limiting step of Fenton reaction. With the optimal Fe loading, g‐C3N4‐0.5Fe can achieve methylene blue (MB) degradation under ultrasonic treatment with first‐order kinetic rate constants of 75×10−3 min−1. Most importantly, the g‐C3N4‐Fe can maintain good catalytic activity in a wide pH range (pH=2.0∼9.0) and be cyclic used without iron leaching to solution (<0.001 μg ⋅ L−1), overcoming the disadvantage of traditional Fe‐based Fenton catalysts that can only be applied under acidic conditions and prone to secondary pollution. In addition, g‐C3N4‐0.5Fe also exhibits antibacterial properties of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus under ultrasound. Hydroxyl radicals mainly contribute to the degradation of MB and the sterilization process. Our work is an attempt to clarify the role of g‐C3N4‐Fe in the conversion of mechanical energy to ROS and provide inspirations for the piezo‐Fenton system design.
Quantification and Tuning of Surface Oxygen Vacancies for the Hydrogenation of CO2 on Indium Oxide Catalysts
Authors: Baumgarten Robert , Naumann d'Alnoncourt Raoul , Lohr Stephen , Gioria Esteban , Frei Elias , Fako Edvin , De Sandip , Boscagli Chiara , Drieß Matthias , Schunk Stephan , Rosowski Frank 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe direct hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol is an attractive approach to employ the greenhouse gas as a chemical feedstock. However, the commercial copper catalyst, used for methanol synthesis from CO‐rich syngas, suffers from deactivation at elevated CO2 partial pressure. An emerging alternative is represented by In2O3 as it withstands the hydrothermal conditions induced by the reverse water‐gas shift reaction. The active sites for the adsorption of CO2 and the subsequent conversion into methanol were shown to be oxygen vacancies on the surface of In2O3. In this study, N2O was utilized as a probe molecule to quantify the number of vacancies on indium oxide catalysts. The number of inserted oxygen atoms could be correlated to the respective CO2 hydrogenation activity. Furthermore, the atomic efficiency of indium was enhanced by applying atomic layer deposition of indium oxide on ZrO2.
A Highly Sensitive Fibrous Luminescent Probe Based on Anthracene Triarylamine for Nitroaromatic Explosives
Authors: Zhao Qiang , Xia Yongrong , Xue Wei , Song Zhao , Lu Wei , Jin Dong , Xie Linghai , Zhao Jianfeng , Shi Naien 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe rapid, sensitive, and efficient detection of nitroaromatic explosives (NAEs) is extremely important for human health and public safety; however, it is still a big challenge, especially for the detection of trace amounts of explosive vapors. In this study, a small‐molecule luminescent probe of an anthracene triarylamine derivative was synthesized and employed as a highly efficient and sensitive sensor for the detection of NAEs, including 2,4‐dinitrotoluene (DNT), 4‐nitrotoluene (4‐NT), and nitrobenzene (NB). The fluorescence intensity varied linearly along with the concentration of NAEs in the diluted tetrahydrofuran solution. The KSV values (Stern‐Volmer equation coefficient) were 2457, 1735, and 1286 M−1 for DNT, 4‐NT, and NB, respectively (DNT>4‐NT>NB). Furthermore, polystyrene/LiCl/AnPh electrospun fibrous films were manufactured and proved to be efficient fluorescence sensors for NAEs vapor. This quenching can be ascribed to the photo‐induced electron transfer (PET) process between the AnPh probe and NAEs analytes. The large contact area between the nanofibers and analytes in the film also contributed to the efficient quenching effect. This work will stimulate the design of new fluorescent probes for electrospun fibrous NAEs sensors and pave the way for their applications in future practical fields of public safety control.
Determining the Gibbs Energy Contributions of Ion and Electron Transfer for Proton Insertion in ϵ‐MnO2
Authors: Malaie Keyvan , Scholz Fritz , Schröder Uwe , Wulff Harm , Kahlert Heike 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectrochemically active ϵ‐MnO2and ɣ‐MnO2as tunnel‐type host‐guest structures have been extensively studied by crystallography and electrochemical techniques for application in battery cathode materials. However, the Gibbs energies of the underlying ion and electron transfer processes across the electrode interfaces have not yet been determined. Here we report for the first time these data for ϵ‐MnO2. This was possible by measuring the mid‐peak potentials in cyclic voltammetry and the open‐circuit potentials under electrochemically reversible conditions.
Sensory processing in depression: Assessment and intervention perspective
Authors: Paquet Aude , Calvet Benjamin , Lacroix Aurélie , Girard Murielle 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFew studies have examined sensory processing in mood disorders, including depression. The interactions between sensory inputs and adaptive behaviour have yet to be clarified in this pathology. We assessed sensory profiles among people with major depressive disorder (MDD) with the Adult/Adolescent Sensory Profile scale and determined whether sensory processing patterns were associated with clinical variables such as anxiety, depression, psychomotor retardation or self‐esteem. We compared 25 participants with MDD (MDD group) and 25 healthy controls (HC group) to identify sensory processing patterns (low registration, sensation seeking, sensory sensitivity and sensation avoiding). The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation scale were used to assess depressive symptomatology. Both groups completed the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Frontal Assessment Battery and Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Inventory. The MDD group significantly differed from the HC group in each sensory processing patterns. They had higher low registration (p < 0.001), sensory sensitivity (p < 0.001) and sensation avoidance (p < 0.001) and lower sensation seeking (p = 0.005) than HC. Extreme sensory processing patterns in MDD patients were linked to depressive symptomatology, including anxiety. Sensory processing disorders should be assessed and taken into account when developing nondrug treatment strategies.
A visual understanding of electrical transformations and generalized abc to αβ0 and dq0 transformation
Authors: Madnani Rohan , Mishra Mahesh K. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryVaried control applications in electrical engineering find the utility of the theory of transformation of three‐phase quantities from
to
and
reference frames. These transformations are vital in simplifying the control equations and their implementation. However, for different applications, different orientations of the
‐,
‐, and
‐axes are used. This results in a different transformation matrix for each such orientation. In this paper, a generalized
to
and
transformation matrix is proposed which can be utilized for any possible orientation and thus effectuates faster derivation of the transformation matrix. This is achieved by defining two parameters
and
whose values are obtained by observing the orientation of the axes. The transformation equation can therefore be obtained without having to undergo the steps of resolving
quantities into their components along the
‐ or
‐axes. Furthermore, this paper discusses the visual understanding of transformed electrical quantities. It is shown that the complex plots of real versus imaginary parts of instantaneous positive and negative symmetrical components have shapes which exhibit specific characteristics of electrical quantities and give a direct understanding about unbalance and presence of harmonics in the system.