bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic value of a single β-hCG test in predicting reproductive outcomes in women undergoing cleavage embryo transfer: a retrospective analysis from a single center
Authors: Zhang Yuchao , Li Zhen , Ren Bingnan , Wu Wenbin , Liu Yanli , Wang Xingling , Guan Yichun , Jia Liting 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The present study investigated the role of β-hCG in predicting reproductive outcomes and established optimal β-hCG cutoff values in women undergoing cleavage embryo transfer.

Methods
The patients were transferred with fresh or frozen-thawed embryos and had serum β-hCG levels tested on the 14th day post-embryo transfer. Serum β-hCG levels were compared between different groups. Different cutoff values of β-hCG were established and used to divide the patients into different groups. Reproductive outcomes between groups based on β-hCG levels were compared.

Results
Significant discrepancies in general characteristics were observed in the subgroups. The cutoff values of β-hCG for predicting the presence/absence of pregnancy, biochemical pregnancy/clinical pregnancy, presence/absence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and singleton/twin live birth in the cleavage groups were 89.6, 241.1, 585.9, and 981.1 mIU/L, respectively. Biochemical pregnancy rates and adverse pregnancy outcome rates significantly decreased from the low β-hCG group to the higher β-hCG group in sequence. Significantly higher full-term live birth rates were observed in the highest β-hCG group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Serum β-hCG levels were strongly associated with reproductive outcomes. However, the interpretation of β-hCG levels must consider the number and quality of embryos and transfer protocols. When β-hCG was tested on a fixed day post-ET, different cutoff values were required for the prediction of early clinical outcomes. The association between β-hCG and obstetric outcomes must be investigated.
A novel synthesis method of cyclopentadecanone and cyclopentadecanolide from vegetable oil
Authors: Liu Pin , Li Weiguang , Liu Xiongmin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMalania oleifera Chum is a unique renewable plant resource in China, its fruit oil has a high content of 15-tetracosenic acid, and it is a good raw material for the synthesis of cyclopentadecanone and cyclopentadecanolide. A Novel synthesis method of cyclopentadecanone and cyclopentadecanolide from vegetable oil was designed, and the synthesis yields of c cyclopentadecanone and cyclopentadecanolide were 38.5% and 63.0%, respectively. The effect of different ester groups on cyclization of α,ω-difatty acid alkyl ester in cyclopentadecanone synthesis, and effect of catalysts on cyclization ofω-hydroxycarboxylic acid triglyceride in cyclopentadecanolide synthesis were investigated. The designed synthesis strategy has the characteristics of less synthesis steps and high utilization efficiency of 15-tetracosenic acid, which has simple and economic.
Mitochondrial phylogenomics provides insights into the taxonomy and phylogeny of fleas
Authors: Zhang Yu , Fu Yi-Tian , Yao Chaoqun , Deng Yuan-Ping , Nie Yu , Liu Guo-Hua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera) are obligatory hematophagous ectoparasites of humans and animals and serve as vectors of many disease-causing agents. Despite past and current research efforts on fleas due to their medical and veterinary importance, correct identification and robust phylogenetic analysis of these ectoparasites have often proved challenging.

Methods
We decoded the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of the human flea Pulex irritans and nearly complete mt genome of the dog flea Ctenocephalides canis, and subsequently used this information to reconstruct the phylogeny of fleas among Endopterygota insects.

Results
The complete mt genome of P. irritans was 20,337 bp, whereas the clearly sequenced coding region of the C. canis mt genome was 15,609 bp. Both mt genomes were found to contain 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and two ribosomal RNA genes. The coding region of the C. canis mt genome was only 93.5% identical to that of the cat flea C. felis, unequivocally confirming that they are distinct species. Our phylogenomic analyses of the mt genomes showed a sister relationship between the order Siphonaptera and orders Diptera + Mecoptera + Megaloptera + Neuroptera and positively support the hypothesis that the fleas in the order Siphonaptera are monophyletic.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that the mt genomes of P. irritans and C. canis are different. The phylogenetic tree shows that fleas are monophyletic and strongly support an order-level objective. These mt genomes provide novel molecular markers for studying the taxonomy and phylogeny of fleas in the future.
Long-standing temporomandibular joint dislocation treated by intraoral condylectomy: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Uetsuki Ryo , Ono Shigehiro , Tada Misato , Okuda Satoshi , Takechi Masaaki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Noninvasive management by closed reduction is a desirable treatment for temporomandibular joint dislocation. However, reduction of long-standing temporomandibular joint dislocation is often difficult. Various conservative treatments have been attempted, but these often render poor outcomes. This article reports the case of long-standing temporomandibular joint dislocation that was successfully closed using intraoral condylectomy.

Case presentation
A 69-year-old Japanese man who sustained an injury in a car collision was unable to close his mouth. Owing to the diagnosis of long-standing temporomandibular joint dislocation, intraoral condylectomy was performed. In the case of temporomandibular joint dislocation, it is convenient to reach the condyle from the oral cavity because sufficient opening is maintained. The condyle can be clearly visualized using an approach similar to sagittal split ramus osteotomy, and the operation using surgical instruments can be facilitated by resecting the coronoid process. By separating the surrounding soft tissue and pulling the cut condyle with sufficient visual field, the condyle can be resected while addressing the hemostasis. During the 12-month postoperative follow-up period, no temporomandibular joint dislocation recurred and the occlusion remained stable.

Conclusions
The limited intraoral incision of this surgical technique provides sufficient access for condylectomy. The results of this case report suggest that condylectomy by intraoral approach could become the treatment of choice for long-standing temporomandibular joint dislocation.
The role of participatory scenarios in ecological restoration: a systematic map protocol
Authors: Moore Eleanor , Howson Pete , Grainger Matthew , Teh Yit Arn , Pfeifer Marion 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The scale of land degradation worldwide has led the UN to declare the Decade of Ecosystem Restoration and movements such as the Bonn Challenge (https://www.bonnchallenge.org/), have placed ecological restoration on the global policy agenda. Achieving such ambitious policy targets and restoration goals will necessitate complex trade-offs against limited time, competing knowledge, costs, resources, and varying societal preferences among different stakeholders.
Participatory scenarios are a tool to navigate uncertainties surrounding future trajectories and simultaneously incorporate different stakeholder perspectives. They can provide a path to identify collaborative solutions best suited for the local cultures and societies they are tied to. However, there is no systematic understanding of how participatory scenarios are being used in ecological restoration planning to navigate trade-offs in restoration outcomes. We will fill this research gap by mapping the existing evidence from participatory restoration scenarios to answer the primary research question ‘How are outcomes explored in participatory ecological restoration scenarios?’. This will be done through five sub-questions focussing on characteristics of the evidence base, types of study design, how outcomes and trade-offs in those are explored, and an examination of the role of participants in the scenario process and outcome determination.

Methods
This protocol outlines the methods for a systematic map to identify studies that have used participatory scenarios in restoration planning. A comprehensive and reproducible search strategy will be undertaken across bibliographic databases, web-based engines, and targeted searches in organisational online libraries. Searches will be done online in English, but results in all languages will be screened. Search results will go through a two-step screening process of against pre-determined criteria of inclusion and exclusion, for title and abstract and then full-text. Data will be extracted from eligible studies using a standardised data extraction spreadsheet where details on study characteristics, design and outcomes will be recorded. A searchable database of studies and mapping outcomes will be available upon completion of the work. The aim is to inform how scenarios can be better used as a decision-making tool to increase stakeholder participation and account for trade-offs in restoration outcomes across social, ecological, and economic dimensions.
Can results-based prizes to private sector incentivize technology adoption by farmers? Evidence from the AgResults Nigeria project that uses prizes to incentivize adoption of AflasafeTM
Authors: Narayan Tulika A. , Geyer Judy 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The AgResults initiative tests the efficacy of results-based prizes to scale-up smallholder technology adoption. In Nigeria the project awarded a $18.75/ton prize for private sector actors who aggregated maize from smallholders that was treated by Aflasafe—a biocontrol that addresses liver cancer-causing aflatoxin contamination in maize. This paper examines the impact of AgResults initiative on smallholder farmers.

Methods
This evaluation estimates the causal effect of the AgResults program on farmer outcomes by comparing survey data from AgResults farmers to survey data from a matched comparison group of farmers. To improve balance, we use propensity score weights. In considering inestimable selection bias, we describe several key considerations, including the inclusion of comparison areas for treatment post-evaluation.

Results
The project increased Aflasafe adoption by 56% points, farmers earned 16% more net maize income on average. However, the majority of farmers in villages engaged by the project did not know about Aflasafe’s health benefits. This suggests that complimentary donor-directed efforts may still be needed to generate general awareness about the technologies whose benefit is not immediately visible to the smallholders. With the prize focused on aggregation, private sector actors may have reduced incentive to raise awareness about Aflasafe’s health benefits in case farmers held back Aflasafe-treated maize for consumption.

Conclusions
This paper highlights the potential of results-based prizes to engage the private sector in solving development problems. However, it also equally highlights the gaps that such an approach may have, arguing for the need for having complimentary efforts to address those gaps. This is particularly the case when the technology’s benefits are not perceived by the consumer (aflatoxins are not visible to the eye, and the health benefits are not immediate), or when the technology results in positive externalities (final consumers of Aflasafe-treated maize also benefit). Broader consumer awareness needs to be raised to promote continued development of the market for Aflasafe-treated maize, aflatoxin standards need to be enforced, and aflatoxin testing needs to be more easily available.
Performance of αSynuclein RT-QuIC in relation to neuropathological staging of Lewy body disease
Authors: Hall Sara , Orrù Christina D. , Serrano Geidy E. , Galasko Douglas , Hughson Andrew G. , Groveman Bradley R. , Adler Charles H. , Beach Thomas G. , Caughey Byron , Hansson Oskar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCurrently, there is a need for diagnostic markers in Lewy body disorders (LBD). α-synuclein (αSyn) RT-QuIC has emerged as a promising assay to detect misfolded αSyn in clinically or neuropathologically established patients with various synucleinopathies. In this study, αSyn RT-QuIC was used to analyze lumbar CSF in a clinical cohort from the Swedish BioFINDER study and postmortem ventricular CSF in a neuropathological cohort from the Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders/Brain and Body Donation Program (AZSAND/BBDP). The BioFINDER cohort included 64 PD/PDD, 15 MSA, 15 PSP, 47 controls and two controls who later converted to PD/DLB. The neuropathological cohort included 101 cases with different brain disorders, including LBD and controls. In the BioFINDER cohort αSyn RT-QuIC identified LBD (i.e. PD, PDD and converters) vs. controls with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 83%. The two controls that converted to LBD were αSyn RT-QuIC positive. Within the AZSAND/BBDP cohort, αSyn RT-QuIC identified neuropathologically verified "standard LBD" (i.e. PD, PD with AD and DLB; n = 25) vs. no LB pathology (n = 53) with high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (94%). Only 57% were αSyn RT-QuIC positive in the subgroup with "non-standard" LBD (i.e., AD with Lewy Bodies not meeting criteria for DLB or PD, and incidental LBD, n = 23). Furthermore, αSyn RT-QuIC reliably identified cases with LB pathology in the cortex (97% sensitivity) vs. cases with no LBs or LBs present only in the olfactory bulb (93% specificity). However, the sensitivity was low, only 50%, for cases with LB pathology restricted to the brainstem or amygdala, not affecting the allocortex or neocortex. In conclusion, αSyn RT-QuIC of CSF samples is highly sensitive and specific for identifying cases with clinicopathologically-defined Lewy body disorders and shows a lower sensitivity for non-standard LBD or asymptomatic LBD or in cases with modest LB pathology not affecting the cortex.
Loss of glucocorticoid receptor phosphorylation contributes to cognitive and neurocentric damages of the amyloid-β pathway
Authors: Dromard Yann , Arango-Lievano Margarita , Borie Amelie , Dedin Maheva , Fontanaud Pierre , Torrent Joan , Garabedian Michael J. , Ginsberg Stephen D. , Jeanneteau Freddy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAberrant cortisol and activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) play an essential role in age-related progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the GR pathways required for influencing the pathobiology of AD dementia remain unknown. To address this, we studied an early phase of AD-like progression in the well-established APP/PS1 mouse model combined with targeted mutations in the BDNF-dependent GR phosphorylation sites (serines 134/267) using molecular, behavioral and neuroimaging approaches. We found that disrupting GR phosphorylation (S134A/S267A) in mice exacerbated the deleterious effects of the APP/PS1 genotype on mortality, neuroplasticity and cognition, without affecting either amyloid-β deposition or vascular pathology. The dynamics, maturation and retention of task-induced new dendritic spines of cortical excitatory neurons required GR phosphorylation at the BDNF-dependent sites that amyloid-β compromised. Parallel studies in postmortem human prefrontal cortex revealed AD subjects had downregulated BDNF signaling and concomitant upregulated cortisol pathway activation, which correlated with cognitive decline. These results provide key evidence that the loss of neurotrophin-mediated GR phosphorylation pathway promotes the detrimental effects of the brain cortisol response that contributes to the onset and/or progression of AD dementia. These findings have important translational implications as they provide a novel approach to treating AD dementia by identifying drugs that increase GR phosphorylation selectively at the neurotrophic sites to improve memory and cognition.
Emergency transanal total mesorectal excision for perforated rectal cancer: a two-case series
Authors: Enomoto Hiroya , Suwa Katsuhito , Takeuchi Nana , Tsukazaki Yuhei , Ushigome Takuro , Okamoto Tomoyoshi , Eto Ken 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Surgery for perforated rectal cancer is technically difficult because of paralytic dilatation due to generalized fecal peritonitis, the presence of a bulky tumor, and fecal retention due to obstruction. Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is the latest minimally invasive transanal technique pioneered to facilitate difficult pelvic dissections. It can provide a good surgical field linearly from the perineal side and reduce manipulations from the intraabdominal side. Here, we present two cases of emergency TaTME performed for perforated rectal cancer.

Case presentation
The patients were a 38-year-old female and a 75-year-old male. They were diagnosed with perforated rectal cancer and were in a state of septic shock. Emergency Hartmann’s procedure was performed in both cases. Intraoperative findings showed fecal contamination of the entire abdomen and dilated intestines and bulky tumors with perforation. The female patient had multiple uterine fibroids, and the male patient had an enlarged prostate. For both patients, dissection of the mesorectum to the anal side of the tumor and transection of the rectum on the anal side of the tumor via a linear stapler were considered difficult because of the insufficient surgical field of view into the pelvis. Therefore, a two-team approach with TaTME was adopted. En bloc resection of the rectum was completed by collaboration of the abdominal team and the transanal team, and the autonomic nerves were successfully preserved. Finally, the specimens were resected, and the anal edge of the rectum was closed with a purse-string suture by the transanal team. Although these two cases were emergency surgeries in difficult situations, the cancer lesions were successfully and safely removed without involvement of the resection margin.

Conclusions
This is the first report of emergency TaTME. Although these cases were emergency operations in a situation where it was difficult to pursue radical resection—and often times in these situations, the operation may end with only stoma creation—the specimens were safely resected. Emergency TaTME is a useful procedure for treatment of perforated rectal cancer.
Endophytic bacteria from Euphorbia antiquorum L. protect Solanum lycopersicum L. against bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum
Authors: Youmbi Diane Yimta , Eke Pierre , Kouokap Lanvin Rochal Kepngop , Dinango Vanessa Nya , Tamghe Gilbert Ghomsi , Wakam Louise Nana , Boyom Fabrice Fekam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (syn. Pseudomonas solanacearum) is the most devastating bacterial disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) occurring in tropical zones with consequential substantial yield losses in production fields. Currently, microbial technology in cropping systems has directed investigations toward biological control agents (BCAs), emphasizing the use of plant endophytes, including bacteria. The present work aimed to evaluate the potential of endophytic bacteria from Euphorbia antiquorum L. to suppress bacterial wilt incited by R. solanacearum in plants.

Results
Of the 10 endophytic species screened in vitro for their antagonistic activity, 6 exhibited promising potency with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 62.50 to 7.81 µg/ml. These species also produced cell wall-degrading enzymes (amylase, protease and cellulase), ammonia, siderophores, indole acetic acid and salicylic acid. The 3 most potent species (B. amyloliquefaciens CBa_RA37, B. velezensis CBv_BE1 and B. amyloliquefaciens CBa_BFL2) enhanced the germination of tomato seeds and protected young tomato plantlets from the devastating effects caused by R. solanacearum infection.

Conclusions
This investigation demonstrated that these endophytic bacteria from E. antiquorum L. endowed with the ability to improve the growth and protection of tomato plants could be further developed as potential biopesticides to help mitigating the effect of bacterial wilt in tomato farms. Further investigation will set the baseline for formulation and evaluation of their efficacy in the open field.
Transfemoral recanalization of occluded TIPS
Authors: Dell Tatjana , Attenberger Ulrike , Jansen Christian , Luetkens Julian A. , Praktiknjo Michael , Kütting Daniel , Meyer Carsten 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To report the safety and efficacy of percutaneous transfemoral venous recanalization of occluded intrahepatic portosystemic stents (TIPS) in cases where the transjugular approach is not feasible.

Materials and Methods
Between 2000 and 2020, 8 patients with occluded TIPS underwent recanalization via a percutaneous transfemoral venous access. Prior recanalization via a typical transjugular approach was attempted in all cases. Primary technical success was defined as successful crossing of the occlusion. Secondary technical success was defined as the rate of successful TIPS recanalization. Periprocedural complications were evaluated to assess procedural safety.

Results
In 8/8 patients transfemoral venous TIPS recanalization was successful. No procedure-related complications were observed.

Conclusions
The transfemoral venous approach is a safe and efficient alternative for TIPS recanalization in cases where the transjugular approach is not feasible.
Molecular sieving through 'layer-by-layer' self-assembly of polyelectrolytes and highly crosslinked graphene oxide
Authors: Maiti Subhasish , Bose Suryasarathi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLack of access to potable water and abating levels of ground water level demands the reuse of unconventional water sources after remediating it in a sustainable way. In this context, purifying brackish, land and sea water seems a feasible solution to the ever-growing population.In this work, a novel composite membrane was fabricated by 'layer-by-layer' self-assembly of poly-dopamine (PDA) and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) supported on a highly crosslinked graphene oxide (GO) membrane to sieve ions to purify contaminated water as well as enhance the resistance towards chlorine. This GO membrane was sandwiched between layers of various nanoporous polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes obtained by selectively etching out the PMMA component from the demixed blends. The blend membranes were designed following the melt-extrusion process and subsequent quenching to facilitate confined crystallization of PVDF and selective etching of PMMA. The membranes with different pore sizes were tuned on varying the composition in blends and a gradient in microstructure was achieved by stitching the membranes. Pure water flux, salt rejection, dye removal, and antibacterial activity were performed to study the membrane's efficiency. The GO membrane was chemically crosslinked with methylenediamine to impart dimensional stability and to enhance rejection efficiency through the nanoslits that GO offers. Besides effective rejection, the sandwiched membrane was modified with ‘layer-by-layer’ self-assembly of polyelectrolytes on the surface to improve the chlorine tolerance performance. This strategy resulted in an excellent salt (about 95% and 97% for monovalent and divalent ion, respectively) and dye rejection (100% for both cationic and anionic dye), besides facilitating excellent chlorine tolerance performance. Moreover, this modified membrane showed superior antifouling properties (flux recovery ratio is more than 90%) and excellent antibacterial performance (near about 3 log reduction).Thus the concept of using layer-by-layer self-assembly of polycations (PDA) and polyanions (PSS) onto a hierarchical chemically modified GO sandwiched PVDF membrane proved to be a productive strategy to purify contaminated water. Thus the membrane can be a potential candidate for domestic as well as industrial application.