bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climatic stability, not average habitat temperature, determines thermal tolerance of subterranean beetles
Authors: Colado Raquel , Pallarés Susana , Fresneda Javier , Mammola Stefano , Rizzo Valeria , Sánchez‐Fernández David 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe climatic variability hypothesis predicts the evolution of species with wide thermal tolerance ranges in environments with variable temperatures, and the evolution of thermal specialists in thermally stable environments. In caves, the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variability experienced by taxa decreases with their degree of specialization to deep subterranean habitats. We use phylogenetic generalized least squares to model the relationship among thermal tolerance (upper lethal limits), subterranean specialization (estimated using ecomorphological traits), and habitat temperature in 16 beetle species of the tribe Leptodirini (Leiodidae). We found a significant, negative relationship between thermal tolerance and the degree of subterranean specialization. Conversely, habitat temperature had only a marginal effect on lethal limits. In agreement with the climatic variability hypothesis and under a climate change context, we show that the specialization process to live in deep subterranean habitats involves a reduction of upper lethal limits, but not an adjustment to habitat temperature. Thermal variability seems to exert a higher evolutionary pressure than mean habitat temperature to configure the thermal niche of subterranean species. Our results provide novel insights on thermal physiology of species with poor dispersal capabilities and on the evolutionary process of adaptation to subterranean environments. We further emphasize that the pathways determining vulnerability of subterranean species to climate change greatly depend on the degree of specialization to deep subterranean environments.
Visible‐Light‐Driven Base‐Promoted Radical Cascade Difluoroalkylation‐Cyclization‐Iodination of 1,6‐Enynes with Ethyl Difluoroiodoacetate
Authors: Wang Yan , Liu Ruyan , Zhou Pengsheng , Wu Jianglong , Li Wenshuang , Wang Chenyu , Li Hao , Li Dianjun , Yang Jinhui 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA visible‐light‐driven base‐promoted radical cascade difluoroalkylation/5‐exo‐dig cyclization/iodination of 1,6‐enynes with ethyl difluoroiodoacetate was developed under catalyst‐free and oxidant‐free conditions. The difluoroalkylated pyrrolidines and tetrahydrofuran derivatives were generated with good functional group tolerance and high Z/E stereoselectivity. This reaction provided an alternative and mild method for the preparation of highly functionalized and vinyl C−I bonds containing five‐membered heterocyclic products.
IntramolecularAnti‐Carbolithiation of Alkynes: Stereo‐Directing Effect of Lithium‐Coordinating Substituents
Authors: Ly Kim Uyen , Boussonnière Anne , Castanet Anne‐Sophie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the results of our investigations on the stereochemical course of intramolecular carbolithiation of alkynes. It is shown that the presence of a lithium‐chelating propargylic substituent completely reverses the otherwise favoredsyn‐process towards ananti‐addition. The reaction was studied by both experiment and computation. Electrophile trapping and domino process led to the stereocontrolled preparation of tetrasubstituted alkylidene indenol derivatives. Additionally, preliminary results on challenging desymmetrizing carbolithiation mediated by an external chiral ligand of lithium are provided.
A Novel Label‐free Chronoamperometric Immunosensor Based on a Biocomposite Material for Rapid Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Authors: Moonla Chochanon , Chenkhuruthum Suphaporn , Ouiram Tik , Preechaworapun Anchana , Tapala Weerinradah , Ngamchuea Kamonwad , Tangkuaram Tanin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this research, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)‐capped gold nanoparticles, nickel ferrite particles, and carbon nanotubes were combined to form a PANC metal composite. The prepared metal composite modified onto a glassy carbon electrode was electropolymerized with poly(o‐phenylenediamine) and immobilized with horseradish peroxidase, anti‐carcinoembryonic antigen antibody, and bovine serum albumin to create the label‐free immunosensors for rapid detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) using chronoamperometry. This developed biocomposite material modified onto a glassy carbon electrode presented an excellent electrocatalytic response to the redox reaction of hydrogen peroxide as a sensing probe, from which the kinetic parameters including of a charge transfer rate constant, a diffusion coefficient value, an electroactive surface area, and a surface concentration were calculated to be 1.85 s−1, 4.28×10−6 cm2 s−1, 0.14 cm2 and 1.87×10−8 mol cm−2, respectively. The developed immunosensors also exhibited a wide linear range of CEA concentration from 0.01 to 25 ng mL−1 with high sensitivity (96.21 μA cm−2 ng−1 mL) and low detection limit (0.72 pg mL−1), excellent selectivity without interfering effects from possible species (amoxicillin, ascorbic acid, aspirin, caffeine, cholesterol, dopamine, glucose, and uric acid), outstanding stability (n=100, %I>50 %), repeatability (%RSD=0.34, n=10), reproducibility (%RSD=4.06, n=10), and rapid analysis (25 s each operation time). This proposed method was successfully applied for CEA detection in whole blood samples with satisfactory results, suggesting that this developed sensing platform may be considered to be exploited for fabrication of other label‐free electrochemical immunosensors for the real sample analysis.
Simultaneous, Selective and Highly Sensitive Voltammetric Determination of Lead, Cadmium, and Zinc via Modified Pencil Graphite Electrodes
Authors: Ustabasi Gul Sirin , Yilmaz Ismail , Ozcan Mustafa , Cetinkaya Ebru 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPencil graphite electrode (PGE) modified with MWCNT and Bi3+ (MWCNT/Bi/PGE) was utilized in simultaneous analysis of Pb2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+. Surface and electrochemical characteristics of MWCNT/Bi/PGE were investigated via SEM, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and FTIR measurements. Even though modification with MWCNT did not improve the electroactive surface area, it significantly decreased the charge transfer resistance. Furthermore, modification with Bi3+ significantly increased the sensitivity. Finally, MWCNT/Bi/PGE exhibited the highest sensitivity and reproducibility compared to PGE and PGE modified with only MWCNT. MWCNT/Bi/PGE provided LOD values of 0.27, 0.43, and 1.63 μg L−1, and linear ranges of 1–80, 5–80, and 10–80 μg L−1 for Pb2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+, respectively. Proposed modification method offers effective electroanalytical performance with low time consumption and cost for the analyst.
Gut microbes shape microglia and cognitive function during malnutrition
Authors: Bauer Kylynda C. , York Elisa M. , Cirstea Mihai S. , Radisavljevic Nina , Petersen Charisse , Huus Kelsey E. , Brown Eric M. , Bozorgmehr Tahereh , Berdún Rebeca , Bernier Louis‐Philippe , Lee Amy H. Y. , Woodward Sarah E. , Krekhno Zakhar , Han Jun , Hancock Robert E. W. , Ayala Victoria , MacVicar Brian A. , Finlay Barton Brett 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFecal‐oral contamination promotes malnutrition pathology. Lasting consequences of early life malnutrition include cognitive impairment, but the underlying pathology and influence of gut microbes remain largely unknown. Here, we utilize an established murine model combining malnutrition and iterative exposure to fecal commensals (MAL‐BG). The MAL‐BG model was analyzed in comparison to malnourished (MAL mice) and healthy (CON mice) controls. Malnourished mice display poor spatial memory and learning plasticity, as well as altered microglia, non‐neuronal CNS cells that regulate neuroimmune responses and brain plasticity. Chronic fecal‐oral exposures shaped microglial morphology and transcriptional profile, promoting phagocytic features in MAL‐BG mice. Unexpectedly, these changes occurred independently from significant cytokine‐induced inflammation or blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, key gut‐brain pathways. Metabolomic profiling of the MAL‐BG cortex revealed altered polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) profiles and systemic lipoxidative stress. In contrast, supplementation with an ω3 PUFA/antioxidant‐associated diet (PAO) mitigated cognitive deficits within the MAL‐BG model. These findings provide valued insight into the malnourished gut microbiota‐brain axis, highlighting PUFA metabolism as a potential therapeutic target.
Reproducibility of graph measures derived from resting‐state MEG functional connectivity metrics in sensor and source spaces
Authors: Pourmotabbed Haatef , de Jongh Curry Amy L. , Clarke Dave F. , Tyler‐Kabara Elizabeth C. , Babajani‐Feremi Abbas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrior studies have used graph analysis of resting‐state magnetoencephalography (MEG) to characterize abnormal brain networks in neurological disorders. However, a present challenge for researchers is the lack of guidance on which network construction strategies to employ. The reproducibility of graph measures is important for their use as clinical biomarkers. Furthermore, global graph measures should ideally not depend on whether the analysis was performed in the sensor or source space. Therefore, MEG data of the 89 healthy subjects of the Human Connectome Project were used to investigate test–retest reliability and sensor versus source association of global graph measures. Atlas‐based beamforming was used for source reconstruction, and functional connectivity (FC) was estimated for both sensor and source signals in six frequency bands using the debiased weighted phase lag index (dwPLI), amplitude envelope correlation (AEC), and leakage‐corrected AEC. Reliability was examined over multiple network density levels achieved with proportional weight and orthogonal minimum spanning tree thresholding. At a 100% density, graph measures for most FC metrics and frequency bands had fair to excellent reliability and significant sensor versus source association. The greatest reliability and sensor versus source association was obtained when using amplitude metrics. Reliability was similar between sensor and source spaces when using amplitude metrics but greater for the source than the sensor space in higher frequency bands when using the dwPLI. These results suggest that graph measures are useful biomarkers, particularly for investigating functional networks based on amplitude synchrony.
Towards a Method to Operationalize Modelling, Verification, and Evaluation of Architectural Solutions in the Field of Nuclear Critical Infrastructure Engineering
Authors: Bourdon Jérémy , Couturier Pierre , Chapurlat Vincent , Plana Robert , Richet Victor , Baudouin Benjamin 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTNuclear infrastructure development projects are increasing in complexity, involving numerous and various stakeholders. Highly constrained, they are often subject to many hazards. This has an impact on the number of desired design alternatives generated throughout the facility life cycle and their evolving assessment. In order to secure the delivery of such projects, the Évaluation for Critical Infrastructures Model‐based system Engineering (EVA‐CIME) method is proposed to implement and operate the architecture evaluation at the scales both of an organization and of projects. This article presents the elements justifying the formalization of such method and the obstacles to overcome. This method must be technically and organizationally usable by the different actors of a nuclear infrastructure development project. It is composed of 5 elements: concepts; languages; operational approach; tools and repository of knowledge and expertise. The good orchestration of these different components allows to set up an environment within the organization to carry out effective architecture evaluations with the aim of helping the architects to choose between the alternatives that they will imagine from the beginning of the project.
Model‐based Commissioning, a New Methodological Approach for Commissioning of Nuclear Basic Facilities
Authors: Gaignebet Alan , Chapurlat Vincent , Zacharewicz Grégory , Plana Robert , Richet Victor 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThis article intents first to formalize commissioning that must be seen as a crucial need and an unavoidable obligation. Second, it aims to introduce a method called COGuiNF (Commissioning Guidelines of Nuclear Facilities) which would allow to prepare in relation with MBSE processes then drive relevant activities for the commissioning of Nuclear Facilities. COGuiNF must define, formalize and feed the inherent relations to be managed between engineering and commissioning. This article focuses on the five components of the COGuiNF method.
Intensive Data and Knowledge‐based Approach for Sustainable and Circular Industrial Systems
Authors: Prioux Nancy , Belaud Jean‐Pierre , Hetreux Gilles 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThe circular economy and its various recirculation loops have become a major study subject over recent years, particularly the transformation of the actual processes into sustainable processes. However, these environmental analyses require a huge quantity of data: foreground data and background data. The collection of these data can be long and tedious. Nevertheless, an increasing number of scientific articles describe the processes, which is a great source of data. This source of information is heterogeneous but big data tools can be used to compile, process and analyze them.Following this perspective, this paper focus on the creation of methodological framework centered on intensive data and knowledge for an economically viable and ecologically responsible design of industrial processes or systems. Composed of five steps, this approach is oriented towards offering decision support for the researcher or R&D engineer during systems requirements and high‐level design steps of V‐model. It is implemented within the domain of pre‐treatment processes for corn stover.
How the information system utilization context may lead to unintended technology use: A case of a maternal mHealth intervention in Kenya
Authors: Sowon Karen , Chigona Wallace 
Published: January 2022

AbstractContext contributes to how a repertoire of Information Systems are used. In mHealth, some studies have explored use in light of contextual realities, and fewer considered unintended use of the interventions. This paper presents an analysis of maternal health clients' technology sense‐making against the backdrop of the implementers' goals, and how these perceptions may result in unintended use. The study adopted a cross‐sectional case study method using a purposive sample of 38 participants. Data was collected using interviews, focus group discussions, observations, informal discussions, and document reviews. The findings show that maternal health clients interacted with the mHealth intervention based on their perceptions of its value as constructed within their healthcare‐seeking context. Their divergent perceptions on the role of the intervention as intended by the mHealth implementers resulted in incongruence. The subsequent unintended use that ensued based on these perceptions include (1) using technology as a substitute for visiting the healthcare provider (2) humanizing technology (anthropomorphism). Subsequently, in the empirical context considered in this study, the unintended use led to undesired outcomes: (3) dissonance in use, and (4) technology coping strategies. Our findings offer insights to mHealth designers and implementers to consider how context may affect use; and how these interactions may influence the usage experience.
Smart laparoscopic grasper integrated with fiber Bragg grating based tactile sensor for real‐time force feedback
Authors: Wang Pingping , Zhang Shengqi , Liu Zhengyong , Huang Yuxin , Huang Jie , Huang Xuemei , Chen Jie , Fang Bimei , Peng Dongxian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMinimally invasive surgery, such as laparoscopic surgery, has developed rapidly due to its small wound, less bleeding and quick recovery. However, a lack of force feedback, which leads to tissue damage, is still unsolved. Many sensors have been used to offer force feedback but still limited by their large size, low security and high complexity. Based on the advantages of small size, high sensitivity and immunity to electromagnetic interferences, we propose a tactile sensor integrated with fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) at the tip of laparoscopic grasper to offer real‐time force feedback in the laparoscopic surgery. The tactile sensor shows a force sensitivity of 0.076 nm/N with a repeatable accuracy of 0.118 N. A bench test is conducted in a laparoscopic training box to verify its feasibility. Test results illustrate that gripping force exerted on the laparoscopic grasper in terms of peak and standard deviation values reduce significantly for the novice subjects with force feedback compared to those without force feedback. The proposed sensor integrated at the tip of the laparoscopic grasper demonstrates a better control of the gripping force among the novice surgeons and indicates that the smart grasper can help surgeons achieve precise gripping force to reduce unnecessary tissue trauma.
Ground‐state potential energy functions and vibration‐rotation energy levels of beryllium lithium and its cation
Authors: Koput Jacek 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe accurate ground‐state potential energy functions of the beryllium lithium dimer, BeLi, and its cation, BeLi+, have been determined from ab initio calculations using the multi‐reference averaged coupled‐pair functional (MR‐ACPF) method in conjunction with the correlation‐consistent core‐valence basis sets up to septuple‐zeta quality. The importance of the electron correlation beyond the MR‐ACPF level of approximation, scalar relativistic, and adiabatic effects was discussed. For BeLi+, the similar calculation was performed using the single‐reference coupled‐cluster method, up to the CCSDTQ level of approximation. The vibration‐rotation energy levels of the two species were predicted to near the “spectroscopic” accuracy. Strangely enough, the predicted vibrational term values do not compare well with the recent experimental data for either BeLi or BeLi+, with discrepancies reaching as much as 20–60 cm‐1 for highly excited vibrational levels.
Primitive cycle decompositions of Kn and Kn−I
Authors: Asplund John , Dinavahi Chandra , Owsley Kira , Schroeder Michael W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLet be a graph with a decomposition . We say is a subdecomposition of if is nonempty and is a decomposition of an induced subgraph of , and is a primitive decomposition if contains no proper subdecompositions. In this paper, we prove a reduction result toward classifying when and have primitive ‐decompositions. We also investigate known results on cyclic and 1‐rotational ‐decompositions to prove the existence of primitive ‐decompositions of and for several families of values of and .
The number and average size of connected sets in graphs with degree constraints
Authors: Haslegrave John 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe average size of connected vertex subsets of a connected graph generalises a much‐studied parameter for subtrees of trees. For trees, the possible values of this parameter are critically affected by the presence or absence of vertices of degree 2. We answer two questions of Andrew Vince regarding the effect of degree constraints on general connected graphs. We give a new lower bound, and the first nontrivial upper bound, on the maximum growth rate of the number of connected sets of a cubic graph, and in fact obtain nontrivial upper bounds for any constant bound on the maximum degree. We show that the average connected set density is bounded away from 1 for graphs with no vertex of degree 2, and generalise a classical result of Jamison for trees by showing that in order for the connected set density to approach 1, the proportion of vertices of degree 2 must approach 1. Finally, we show that any sequence of graphs with minimum degree tending to infinity must have connected set density tending to 1/2.
Detection of Intramyocardial Iron in Patients Following ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction Using Cardiac Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Authors: Das Arka , Kelly Christopher , Teh Irvin , Sharrack Noor , Stoeck Christian T. , Kozerke Sebastian , Schneider Jürgen E. , Plein Sven , Dall'Armellina Erica 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundIntramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) following ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is associated with poor prognosis. In cardiac magnetic resonance (MR), T2* mapping is the reference standard for detecting IMH while cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (cDTI) can characterize myocardial architecture via fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of water molecules. The value of cDTI in the detection of IMH is not currently known.HypothesiscDTI can detect IMH post‐STEMI.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsA total of 50 patients (20% female) scanned at 1‐week (V1) and 3‐month (V2) post‐STEMI.Field Strength/SequenceA 3.0 T; inversion‐recovery T1‐weighted‐imaging, multigradient‐echo T2* mapping, spin‐echo cDTI.AssessmentT2* maps were analyzed to detect IMH (defined as areas with T2* < 20 msec within areas of infarction). cDTI images were co‐registered to produce averaged diffusion‐weighted‐images (DWIs), MD, and FA maps; hypointense areas were manually planimetered for IMH quantification.StatisticsOn averaged DWI, the presence of hypointense signal in areas matching IMH on T2* maps constituted to true‐positive detection of iron. Independent samples t‐tests were used to compare regional cDTI values. Results were considered statistically significant at P ≤ 0.05.ResultsAt V1, 24 patients had IMH on T2*. On averaged DWI, all 24 patients had hypointense signal in matching areas. IMH size derived using averaged‐DWI was nonsignificantly greater than from T2* (2.0 ± 1.0 cm2 vs 1.89 ± 0.96 cm2, P = 0.69). Compared to surrounding infarcted myocardium, MD was significantly reduced (1.29 ± 0.20 × 10−3 mm2/sec vs 1.75 ± 0.16 × 10−3 mm2/sec) and FA was significantly increased (0.40 ± 0.07 vs 0.23 ± 0.03) within areas of IMH. By V2, all 24 patients with acute IMH continued to have hypointense signals on averaged‐DWI in the affected area. T2* detected IMH in 96% of these patients. Overall, averaged‐DWI had 100% sensitivity and 96% specificity for the detection of IMH.Data ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the parameters MD and FA are susceptible to the paramagnetic properties of iron, enabling cDTI to detect IMH.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 2
Evaluation of childhood hospitalization rates and degree of severity of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants, including B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.315/P.1 (Beta/Gamma), and B.1.617.2 (Delta)
Authors: Yılmaz Çelebi Miray , Kıymet Elif , Böncüoğlu Elif , Şahinkaya Şahika , Cem Ela , Düzgöl Mine , Akaslan Kara Aybüke , Ayhan Fahri Y. , Bayram Süleyman N. , Devrim İlker 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is reappearing with an increasing number of variants every day; this study aimed to determine the effect of B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta), P.1 (Gamma), and B.1.617.2 (Delta) variants on hospitalization rates. This single‐center study was conducted at the University of Health Sciences Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital from March 11 to August 27, 2021. Variant analyses of symptomatic patients admitted to the hospital who were found to be positive for COVID 19 PCR was performed. Out of 680 cases, 329 (48.4%) were B.1.1.7 variant, 17 (2.5%) were B.1.351/P.1 variant, and 165 (24.2%) were B.1.617.2 variant. One hundred and sixty‐nine (24.9%) case variant analysis results were negative. The hospitalization rate of patients with the B.1.617.2 variant was 19.4%, the B.1.351/P.1 variant was 18%, the B.1.1.7 variant was 9.4%, and the negative variant was 10.1%. The B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant, which has become widespread all over the world recently, increases the rate of hospitalization in children.