bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of cytocapsular tubes in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Wenjin , Xie Nan , Yi Chen , Zhang Ming , Xiong Gan , Xu Xiuyun , Hou Jinsong , Wang Cheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCytocapsular tubes (CTs) provide membranous channels for cancer cells interconnection and multidirectional locomotion, which facilitate cancer cell transportation and metastasis. However, the clinicopathological significance of CTs has not been documented in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Herein, we aimed to identify CTs and assess their clinicopathological significance in OSCC.MethodsOperetta CLS™ high‐content analysis system was used to detect the CTs originated from OSCC cells cultured in a 3D Matrigel matrix. Then, pan‐cadherin and γ‐actin immunostaining were performed to identify CTs in 4NQO‐induced murine OSCC tissues, OSCC xenografts and 88 human primary OSCC samples. Finally, the prognostic value and clinicopathological significance of CTs in OSCC were further examined by using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis.ResultsCTs were observed in OSCC cells in a 3D Matrigel matrix. In vivo, CTs were frequently identified in 4NQO‐induced murine OSCC tissues, OSCC xenografts and human primary OSCC samples. CTs density was significantly associated with T stage, lymph node metastasis, differentiation, invasive depth, tumor budding, TNM stage and tumor recurrence. Importantly, the high‐CTs density indicated a decreased overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) in OSCC patients. Cox regression models showed that CTs could serve as a prognostic factor for OS and PFS.ConclusionCTs, which are correlated with the cell migration and invasion, can be readily identified in OSCC and appear to be a novel biomarker for patients at risk of metastasis.
Hepatitis E case series: A UK experience
Authors: Robins Anne , Dolman Grace , Williams Simon , Gelson William , Mohsen Abdul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe incidence of hepatitis E continues to increase and in immunocompromised patients can lead to chronic infection. Management of hepatitis E has evolved over time, with the first step being a reduction of immunosuppression followed by treatment with ribavirin. The European Association for the Study of Liver guidelines support treatment with ribavirin although the optimum dose and regime is unknown. This series reviews eight chronically infected cases treated between 2018 and 2021 in two UK centres (Ipswich Hospital and Addenbrooke's Hospital). Treatment response was defined primarily as sustained virological response at 12 weeks (SVR12) following the cessation of treatment and secondly as sustained virological response at 24 weeks (SVR24). The median dose of ribavirin given daily was 600 mg. The management of five of the eight cases was in line with the guidelines, and treatment was stopped after 12 weeks. Two of these five patients achieved SVR (40%). The remaining three cases were given a 24‐week course based on clinical judgement, and all achieved SVR (100%). The three patients who relapsed received a second 24‐week course of treatment and achieved SVR. Therefore, with a 24‐week course, a 100% treatment success rate was attained. In chronic hepatitis E, a 24‐week course of ribavirin would achieve optimum clearance rates with a single course of treatment. Ensuring the highest dose of ribavirin as possible (aiming to reach 800 mg daily) and attempts to reduce immunosuppressive therapy safely may also be relevant to achieving SVR.
Poetics of modernity and nationalism: Revisiting the emergence of modern Kurdish poetry
Authors: Ghaderi Farangis 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe emergence of modern Kurdish poetry marks a period of great significance in the history of Kurdish literature since it witnessed the advent of modernity, the rise of Kurdish nationalism, the fall of the Persian and Ottoman Empires, and the creation of the Middle East with no country for Kurds. In this article I examine the complex process of the poetic modernisation which unfolded over the oeuvres of generations of poets from the late 19th century till its culmination in the 1940s. I illustrate that modern Kurdish poetry was an aesthetic response to the advent of modernity and its socio‐political implications such as nationalism in Kurdish society.
DNA metabarcoding unveils the effects of habitat fragmentation on pollinator diversity, plant‐pollinator interactions, and pollination efficiency in Maldive islands
Authors: Tommasi Nicola , Biella Paolo , Maggioni Davide , Fallati Luca , Agostinetto Giulia , Labra Massimo , Galli Paolo , Galimberti Andrea 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHabitat fragmentation affects biodiversity, but with unclear effects on pollinators and their interactions with plants in anthropized landscapes. Islands could serve as open air laboratories, suitable to disentangle how land‐use alteration impacts pollination ecology. In Maldive islands we investigated how pollinator richness, plant‐pollinator interactions and pollination efficiency are influenced by the green area fragmentation (i.e., gardens and semi‐natural patches). Moreover, we considered the mediating role of pollinator body size and the plant trait of being invasive in shaping interactions. To do this, we surveyed pollinator insects from 11 islands representing a gradient of green area fragmentation. A DNA metabarcoding approach was adopted to identify the pollen transported by pollinators and characterize the plant‐pollinator interactions. We found that intermediate levels of green area fragmentation characterized pollinator communities and increased their species richness, while decreasing interaction network complexity. Invasive plants were more frequently found on pollinator bodies than native or exotic noninvasive ones, indicating a concerningly higher potential for pollen dispersal and reproduction of the former ones. Intriguingly, pollinator body size mediated the effect of landscape alteration on interactions, as only the largest bees expanded the foraging diet in terms of plant richness in the transported pollen at increasing fragmentation. In parallel, the pollination efficiency increased with pollinator species richness in two sentinel plants. This study shows that moderate landscape fragmentation of green areas shapes many aspects of the pollination ecosystem service, where despite interactions being less complex and mediated by pollinator body size, pollinator insect biodiversity and potential plant reproduction are supported.
Retinal vascular profile in predicting incident cardiometabolic diseases among individuals with diabetes
Authors: Betzler Bjorn Kaijun , Sabanayagam Charumathi , Tham Yih‐Chung , Cheung Carol Y. , Cheng Ching‐Yu , Wong Tien‐Yin , Nusinovici Simon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the longitudinal associations between retinal vascular profile (RVP) and four major cardiometabolic diseases; and to quantify the predictive improvements when adding RVP beyond traditional risk factors in individuals with diabetes.MethodsSubjects were enrolled from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Disease (SEED) study, a multi‐ethnic population‐based cohort. Four incident cardiometabolic diseases, calculated over a ~ 6‐year period, were considered: cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension (HTN), diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and hyperlipidemia (HLD). The RVP—vessel tortuosity, branching angle, branching coefficient, fractal dimension, vessel caliber, and DR status—was characterized at baseline using a computer‐assisted program. Traditional risk factors at baseline included age, gender, ethnicity, smoking, blood pressure (BP), HbA1c, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), or cholesterol. The improvements in predictive performance when adding RVP (compared with only traditional risk factors) was calculated using several metrics including area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) and net reclassification improvement (NRI).ResultsAmong 1770 individuals with diabetes, incidences were 6.3% (n = 79/1259) for CVD, 48.7% (n = 166/341) for HTN, 14.6% (n = 175/1199) for DKD, and 59.4% (n = 336/566) for HLD. DR preceded the onset of CVD (RR 1.85[1.14;3.00]) and DKD (1.44 [1.06;1.96]). Narrower arteriolar caliber preceding the onset of HTN (0.84 [0.72;0.99]), and changes in arteriolar branching angle preceded the onset of CVD (0.78 [0.62;0.98]) and HTN (1.15 [1.03;1.29]). The largest predictive improvement was found for HTN with AUC increment of 3.4% (p = .027) and better reclassification of 11.4% of the cases and 4.6% of the controls (p = .008).ConclusionWe found that RVPs improved the prediction of HTN in individuals with diabetes, but add limited information for CVD, DKD, and HLD predictions.
Clinical relevance of rheumatoid factor and anti‐citrullinated peptides in fibrotic interstitial lung disease
Authors: Zheng Boyang , Donohoe Kathryn , Hambly Nathan , Johannson Kerri A. , Assayag Deborah , Fisher Jolene H. , Manganas Helene , Marcoux Veronica , Khalil Nasreen , Kolb Martin , Ryerson Christopher J. ,   the CARE‐PF Investigators
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a frequent cause of interstitial lung disease (ILD); however, the impact of rheumatoid factor and anti‐citrullinated peptide antibody seropositivity in ILD without connective tissue disease (CTD) is unclear. We examined the association of seropositivity with ILD progression, mortality and response to immunosuppression in non‐CTD ILD.MethodsA total of 1570 non‐CTD patients (with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features or unclassifiable ILD) and 181 RA‐ILD patients were included from a prospective registry. Longitudinal forced vital capacity (FVC), transplant‐free survival and incidence of progressive fibrosing‐ILD (PF‐ILD) were compared between seronegative non‐CTD ILD (reference group), seropositive non‐CTD ILD and RA‐ILD using linear mixed‐effect and Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, smoking pack‐years and baseline FVC. Interaction between seropositivity and immunosuppression on FVC decline was assessed in patients with ≥6 months of follow‐up before and after the treatment.ResultsTwo hundred and seventeen (13.8%) patients with seropositive non‐CTD ILD had similar rates of FVC decline and transplant‐free survival compared to seronegative non‐CTD ILD, but more frequently met the criteria for PF‐ILD (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.35, p = 0.004). RA‐ILD had slower FVC decline (p = 0.03), less PF‐ILD (HR = 0.75, p = 0.03) and lower likelihood of lung transplant or death (HR = 0.66, p = 0.01) compared to seronegative non‐CTD ILD. No interaction was found between seropositivity and treatment on FVC decline in non‐CTD ILD.ConclusionSeropositivity in non‐CTD ILD was not associated with improved outcomes or treatment response, highlighting the importance of other disease features in determining prognosis and predicting response to immunosuppression.
Genetic testing in interstitial lung disease: An international survey
Authors: Terwiel Michelle , Borie Raphael , Crestani Bruno , Galvin Liam , Bonella Francesco , Fabre Aurelie , Froidure Antoine , Griese Matthias , Grutters Jan C. , Johannson Kerri , Kannengiesser Caroline , Kawano‐Dourado Leticia , Molina‐Molina Maria , Prasse Antje , Renzoni Elisabetta A. , van der Smagt Jasper , Poletti Venerino , Antoniou Katerina , van Moorsel Coline H. M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveGenetic analysis is emerging for interstitial lung diseases (ILDs); however, ILD practices are not yet standardized. We surveyed patients', relatives' and pulmonologists' experiences and needs on genetic testing in ILD to evaluate the current situation and identify future needs.MethodsA clinical epidemiologist (MT) together with members of the ERS taskforce and representatives of the European Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and related disorders Federation (EU‐IPFF) patient organisation developed a survey for patients, relatives and pulmonologists. Online surveys consisted of questions on five main topics: awareness of hereditary ILD, the provision of information, genetic testing, screening of asymptomatic relatives and clinical impact of genetic analysis in ILD.ResultsSurvey respondents consisted of 458 patients with ILD, 181 patients' relatives and 352 pulmonologists. Most respondents think genetic testing can be useful, particularly for explaining the cause of disease, predicting its course, determining risk for developing disease and the need to test relatives. Informing patients and relatives on genetic analysis is primarily performed by the pulmonologist, but 88% (218) of pulmonologists identify a need for more information and 96% (240) ask for guidelines on genetic testing in ILD. A third of the pulmonologists who would offer genetic testing currently do not offer a genetic test, primarily because they have limited access to genetic tests. Following genetic testing, 72% (171) of pulmonologists may change the diagnostic work‐up and 57% (137) may change the therapeutic approach.ConclusionThis survey shows that there is wide support for implementation of genetic testing in ILD and a high need for information, guidelines and access to testing among patients, their relatives and pulmonologists.
Alternative Synthesis of Cefamandole with Biocatalytic Acylation Catalyzed by Immobilized Cephalosporin-Acid Synthetase
Authors: Sklyarenko A. V. , Groshkova I. A. , Krestyanova I. N. , Yarotsky S. V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The processes of the biocatalytic acylation of 1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazolil-7-amino-cephalosporanic acid (7-TMCA) and 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) by methyl ester of mandelic acid (MEMA) were optimized with an immobilized cephalosporin-acid synthetase as the biocatalyst. Under optimized conditions in water-organic medium containing 43% (vol/vol) of ethylene glycol at 30°С with a spontaneous pH gradient in the range of 8.0–6.0, the following yields of biocatalytic transformations were reached: (80.8 ± 1.9)% for 7‑TMCA acylation (at a concentration of 100–120 mМ) resulted in cefamandole (CFM) production, and (88.6 ± 2.0)% for 7-ACA acylation of (at concentration of 140–170 mМ) resulted in a semiproduct of CFM (S-p CFM) formation. In the second process, the concentration of the target β-lactam product in the final reaction mixture is one and a half times higher than that with the first one. In light of the undoubted environmental benefits of the chemical transformation of S-p CFM to CFM over the process of the chemical production of 7-TMCA from 7-ACA, we conclude that the second pathway of combined chemical and biocatalytic CFM synthesis is preferable.
Developing a priority global research agenda for antimicrobial resistance in the human health sector: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Hamers Raph L , Cassini Alessandro , Asadinia Koe Stella , Bertagnolio Silvia 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionTo accelerate the response to the public health threat by antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the WHO is developing a Global Research Agenda for AMR in the human health sector that aims to provide a global and transparent assessment of priority knowledge gaps related to critical bacteria—including Mycobacterium tuberculosis—and fungi that inform control and response strategies to tackle AMR by 2030. A literature scoping review represents the first phase in a stepwise process, and we hereby outline the protocol to review current knowledge gaps and research questions on AMR in the human health sector.Methods and analysisThis literature scoping review will follow the Arksey and O’Malley (2005) methodology and will include: (1) a hand search to identify relevant WHO guidelines and documents suggested by the WHO Steering Group for the AMR Global Research Agenda; (2) a grey literature search through a stakeholder mapping process and google searches of organisational websites; (3) a systematic search of relevant systematic reviews through bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase and Web of Science); (4) screening of the reference lists of included studies. We will include relevant publications from the last 10 years (January 2012 to December 2021). Two researchers separately will review the yielded citations to determine eligibility based on predefined criteria. Relevant research questions with attributes will be extracted using a tool developed through an iterative process by the research team. Each identified research question will be classified and aggregated according to a conceptual framework (ie, ‘knowledge matrix’), composed of three themes (ie, Prevention, Diagnosis and Care & Treatment) and four cross-cutting domains (ie, Descriptive, Discovery, Development, Delivery). We will present numerical and thematic summaries of the knowledge matrix. A qualitative content analysis is out of the scope of this protocol.Ethics and disseminationThe scoping review process will only involve identification, selection and analysis of documents available for use in the public domain, and will not include any personal information on individuals, therefore ethical approval is not required. The findings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and stakeholder meetings.
Anomalous surface elevation, velocity, and area changes of Split Lake Glacier, western Prince of Wales Icefield, Canadian High Arctic
Authors: Van Wychen Wesley , Hallé Danielle A.M. , Copland Luke , Gray Laurence 
Published: June 2022

Here we use a variety of remote sensing data sets to characterize the evolving extent, surface features, dynamics, and surface elevations of Split Lake Glacier, a small outlet of the Prince of Wales Icefield, Nunavut. The glacier started advancing between 1959 and 1975, with a continued increase in terminus area up to the present day, coincident with significant upper elevation thinning and lower elevation thickening that cannot be accounted for by surface mass balance. The highest velocities reach >600 m year−1, with the region of fastest ice motion focused around an icefall that occurs in a bedrock constriction. Distinctive ogives are present in a 1975 air photo of the glacier for the first time, which suggests that rapid motion started by 1970. These patterns are anomalous when compared with the geometry, velocity, and area changes of all other nearby areas of western Prince of Wales Icefield and suggest that Split Lake Glacier may be a slowly surging glacier. The surge duration of 50+ years is longer than any other previously described surge within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. These results give further information concerning the wide variety of dynamic and geometrical changes of glaciers across this region.
Trends in Healthcare Expenditures among Adults in the United States by Cancer Diagnosis Status, 2008–2016: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Walker Shannon L. , Williams Joni S. , Lu Kaiwei , Dawson Aprill Z. , Egede Leonard E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background:
This study aims to assess trends in direct medical expenditures and indirect costs between adults with and without a prior cancer diagnosis from 2008 to 2016.

Methods:
Nine years of data (2008–2016) from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (weighted N = 236,811,875) were used. The outcomes included medical expenditures (total expenditure, inpatient, office-based, medications, outpatient, dental, emergency room visits, home health, other) and health-related missed workdays. The predictor was prior cancer diagnosis. Covariates included demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and calendar year at time of survey completion. Two-part statistical modeling with a combination of binomial and positive distributions was used to estimate medical expenditures and missed workdays. Data were clustered into five timepoints: 2008 to 2009, 2010 to 2011, 2012 to 2013, 2014 to 2015, and 2016.

Results:
Eleven percent of the sample (n = 25,005,230) had a prior cancer diagnosis. Compared with those without a prior cancer diagnosis, those with a prior cancer diagnosis had higher mean incremental total expenditures across all years. Between 2008 and 2016, the adjusted annual incremental total expenditures were $3,522 [95% confidence interval (CI), $3,072–$3,972]; office-based visits ($1,085; 95% CI, $990–$1180); inpatient hospitalizations ($810; 95% CI, $627–$992); outpatient appointments ($517; 95% CI, $434–$600); and medications ($409; 95% CI, $295–$523); and health-related missed workdays (0.75; 95% CI, 0.45–1.04) compared with adults without a prior cancer diagnosis.

Conclusions:
Adults with a prior cancer diagnosis had significantly increased healthcare expenditures and health-related missed workdays compared with those with no cancer diagnosis.

Impact:
Our findings highlight the need for increasing strategies to remedy the impact of increasing direct and indirect costs associated with cancer survivorship as the population grows and ages.
The Association between Smoking and Anal Human Papillomavirus in the HPV Infection in Men Study
Authors: Umutoni Victoria , Schabath Matthew B. , Nyitray Alan G. , Wilkin Timothy J. , Villa Luisa L. , Lazcano-Ponce Eduardo , Giuliano Anna R. , Sudenga Staci L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground:Previous studies show an association between smoking and anal cancer. The objective of this study was to assess the association between smoking and anal HPV (human papillomavirus) prevalence, incidence, and persistence in men.Methods:The HPV Infection in Men (HIM) Study is a multinational study that enrolled HIV-negative men. At baseline and follow-up visits, anal specimens were collected. HPV genotyping was assessed by linear array. Prevalence ratios (PR) were used to assess the association between smoking and anal HPV prevalence. Odds ratios (OR) were used to assess the association between smoking and anal HPV incidence and ≥12-months persistence.Results:Current smokers have a higher prevalence [adjusted PR (aPR), 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06–1.73) and incidence [adjusted OR (aOR), 1.74; 95% CI, 1.26–2.39] and ≥12-months persistence (aOR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.19–2.33) of any anal HPV compared with never smokers. There were no differences in the prevalence, incidence, or persistence of anal HPV between former and never smokers. Smoking status was not associated with the prevalence or persistence of anal HPV among men who have sex with men but was associated with higher incidence of HR-HPV. Among men that have sex with women (MSW), current smokers had an increased prevalence and incidence of LR-HPV compared with never smokers.Conclusions:Current smokers had a higher prevalence, persistence, and incidence of HPV compared with never smokers. Further research is needed to assess the role smoking in anal HPV persistence and progression to disease.Impact:Prevention initiatives should raise awareness about smoking and the risk factor of anal HPV infection and anal cancer.