bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by interleukin‐33 administration in the periodontal ligament under mechanical loading
Authors: Dong Xiaomeng , Feng Jie , Li Bin , Bai Ding , Xu Hui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe molecular mechanisms mediating external root resorption are poorly understood. Interleukin‐33 (IL‐33) expression increased remarkably in the periodontal ligament (PDL) under orthodontic loading. The IL‐33‐driven responses are delicately cell type‐ and tissue context‐dependent. It is unknown how IL‐33 act on osteoclastogenesis in the context of root surface. This study aimed to investigate the effect of IL‐33 on osteoclastogenesis in the PDL under mechanical loading.Materials and MethodsC57BL/6J mice were treated with injections of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) or recombinant mouse IL‐33 (rmIL‐33, 6 μl, 30 μg/ml), and subjected to models of orthodontic tooth movement. Tartrated resistant acid phosphates (TRAP)‐positive cells and IL‐33 expressions were examined in the PDL. IL‐33 release from human PDL cells (hPDLCs) was detected by ELISA. Cementoblast‐like (OCCM‐30) cells were cultured in the presence of rmIL‐33 to examine the release of osteoclast‐regulatory proteins. The effects of rmIL‐33 on osteoclastogenesis were examined in vitro in cultures of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) and in BMMs‐OCCM‐30 cocultures. Expressions of osteoclast‐specific or ‐related genes and proteins were investigated in BMMs‐OCCM‐30 cocultures treated with or without rmIL‐33, in the presence or absence of granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) neutralizing antibody.ResultsInterleukin‐33 expressions were upregulated in the PDL under orthodontic loading. Static compressive force enhanced expression and release of IL‐33 from hPDLCs. Administration of rmIL‐33 resulted in reduced number of TRAP‐positive cells in the PDL, and inhibited osteoclast differentiation from BMMs in vitro. OCCM‐30 cells had varied osteoprotegerin (OPG) / receptor activator for nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL) secretion and increased release of GM‐CSF under rmIL‐33 stimulation. Treatment with rmIL‐33 in BMMs‐OCCM‐30 cocultures resulted in inhibited differentiation and decreased activity of osteoclasts, and these effects were partially reversed by GM‐CSF neutralizing antibody.ConclusionsInterleukin‐33 inhibits osteoclastogenesis in the PDL under orthodontic loading. The anti‐osteoclastogenic effects were mediated partly by directly affecting osteoclast precursors and partly by cementoblast‐mediated release of GM‐CSF.
Optimization of Composite Cylindrical Shell Structures for Hydrostatic Pressure Loading
Authors: Matos Helio , Chaudhary Birendra , Ngwa Akongnwi Nfor 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Deep-sea structures will collapse/implode under hydrostatic pressure when the structure dives below an instability threshold, leading to catastrophic failure. To better understand how the layup angle of composite cylindrical shells influences this instability threshold, this work explores how composite cylinders can achieve the highest (optimum) critical collapse pressure under hydrostatic loading conditions. To perform this analysis, a closed-form analytical cylinder buckling solution developed by previous work is used in conjunction with different cylindrical geometrical configurations and composite properties for glass, carbon, and intraply hybrid composite properties for woven and unidirectional structures. The results show that a composite structure's optimum layup configuration is unique to the structure's geometry and material system. However, general trends are observed for these different systems, such as how symmetric and asymmetric constructions place the axial-resistant layers near the neutral plane of the composite system. In addition, both constructions need an increase in shear-resistance layers as the L/D ratio decreases regardless of the material system. Lastly, the analytical approach presented in this work can be used to accurately determine the optimum layup angle for thin composite cylindrical structures that are subjected to external hydrostatic pressure.
The Software System LingvoDoc and the Possibilities It Offers for Documentation and Analysis of Ob-Ugric Languages
Authors: Normanskaja Yu. V. , Borisenko O. D. , Beloborodov I. B. , Avetisyan A. I. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract—
The LingvoDoc system (http://lingvodoc.ispras.ru) provides a service for collaborative language documentation and computations on the collected data. This software system provides GraphQL HTTP API for all the system components and allows its users to build their own extensions for data analysis or even to integrate it with their own software. Thanks to a special database and application design pattern, it is possible to construct offline applications integrated with the LingvoDoc system: these applications would need to have an internet connection only once to synchronize basic data types and for authentification purposes. The system itself allows users to construct multilayer dictionaries, attach them to the geographical map, fill documents with metadata, share access to dictionaries with other users or with everyone. The LingvoDoc system provides fine-grained access control lists for sharing, which allows to separate users into groups of dictionary editors, proofreaders and read-only users. The system also provides some computational algorithms on the stored data: phonology computations, automatic and guided deduplication inside the dictionaries etc. The system allows users to choose the dictionary structure. The system supports the following data types: text, images, sounds (wav, mp3, and flac), markups (ELAN and Praat formats), directed and undirected links between stored entities. A user can choose the most suitable format for their dictionary. Also, the system provides ELAN corpora storage, viewer and processing. In LingvoDoc there are 13 programs made for authors of the dictionary (only 4 of them are available for all users of the system). These programs analyze language data from phonetical, morphological and etymological point of view. This analysis previously was performed manually by linguists. Our programs allows do it tens and sometimes hundreds times faster. This paper presents the documentation and an analysis of Ob-Ugric languages using the LingvoDoc system.
Retroperitoneal Hydropic Leiomyoma Mimicking an Ovarian Cyst
Authors: Lai Pei-Hsuan , Ding Dah-Ching 
Published: August 2022

Leiomyoma is the most common benign neoplasm of the reproductive organs in women. Retroperitoneal hydropic leiomyoma is rare type of myoma. Herein, we present the case of a 46-year-old (gravida 0) woman with retroperitoneal hydropic leiomyoma that was preoperatively diagnosed as an ovarian cyst. Transvaginal sonography and abdominal computed tomography revealed a mass, measuring

8.1
×
3.8

cm

, with solid and cystic components in the right pelvic cavity. The patient underwent laparoendoscopic single-site surgery for the tumor excision. During the surgery, a retroperitoneal cystic tumor was resected from the right retroperitoneal cavity. Histopathologic and microscopic examinations revealed a hydropic leiomyoma with infarction. This case is impressive because of the rare location and hydropic degeneration of the leiomyoma. Furthermore, it mimicked an ovarian cyst at its initial presentation making accurate diagnosis difficult. By warning of this case, surgeons can recognize the disease entities and provide the necessary treatment.
A Randomized, Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study of High-Dose Vitamin C Plus FOLFOX ± Bevacizumab versus FOLFOX ± Bevacizumab in Unresectable Untreated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (VITALITY Study)
Authors: Wang Feng , He Ming-Ming , Xiao Jian , Zhang Yan-Qiao , Yuan Xiang-Lin , Fang Wei-Jia , Zhang Yan , Wang Wei , Hu Xiao-Hua , Ma Zhi-Gang , Yao Yi-Chen , Zhuang Zhi-Xiang , Zhou Fu-Xiang , Ying Jie-Er , Yuan Ying , Zou Qing-Feng , Guo Zeng-Qing , Wu Xiang-Yuan , Jin Ying , Mai Zong-Jiong , Wang Zhi-Qiang , Qiu Hong , Guo Ying , Shi Si-Mei , Chen Shuang-Zhen , Luo Hui-Yan , Zhang Dong-Sheng , Wang Feng-Hua , Li Yu-Hong , Xu Rui-Hua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
To compare the efficacy and safety of high-dose vitamin C plus FOLFOX ± bevacizumab versus FOLFOX ± bevacizumab as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Patients and Methods:
Between 2017 and 2019, histologically confirmed patients with mCRC (n = 442) with normal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase status and no prior treatment for metastatic disease were randomized (1:1) into a control (FOLFOX ± bevacizumab) and an experimental [high-dose vitamin C (1.5 g/kg/d, intravenously for 3 hours from D1 to D3) plus FOLFOX ± bevacizumab] group. Randomization was based on the primary tumor location and bevacizumab prescription.

Results:
The progression-free survival (PFS) of the experimental group was not superior to the control group [median PFS, 8.6 vs. 8.3 months; HR, 0.86; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.70–1.05; P = 0.1]. The objective response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS) of the experimental and control groups were similar (ORR, 44.3% vs. 42.1%; P = 0.9; median OS, 20.7 vs. 19.7 months; P = 0.7). Grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events occurred in 33.5% and 30.3% of patients in the experimental and control groups, respectively. In prespecified subgroup analyses, patients with RAS mutation had significantly longer PFS (median PFS, 9.2 vs. 7.8 months; HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50–0.91; P = 0.01) with vitamin C added to chemotherapy than with chemotherapy only.

Conclusions:
High-dose vitamin C plus chemotherapy failed to show superior PFS compared with chemotherapy in patients with mCRC as first-line treatment but may be beneficial in patients with mCRC harboring RAS mutation.
Patients with Lung Cancer of Different Racial Backgrounds Harbor Distinct Immune Cell Profiles
Authors: Xu Yitian , Zhang Licheng , Thaiparambil Jose , Mai Sunny , Perera Dimuthu Nuwan , Zhang Jilu , Pan Ping-Ying , Coarfa Cristian , Ramos Kenneth , Chen Shu-Hsia , El-Zein Randa 
Published: August 2022

Tumors accumulated with infiltrated immune cells (hot tumors) have a higher response rate to immune checkpoint blockade, when compared with those with minimal T-cell infiltration (cold tumors). We report here that patients with lung cancer with different racial backgrounds harbored distinct immune cell profiles in the tumor microenvironment. Compared with African Americans (AA), Caucasian Americans (CA) exhibited increased immune cell infiltration and vasculature, and increased survival. Changes of survival and immune profile were most pronounced among active smokers and nonsmokers, compared with former smokers and total patients. Neighborhood analysis showed that immune cells accumulated around cancer cells in CAs but not AAs. Our findings reveal intrinsic biological differences between AA and CA patients with lung cancer, suggesting that treatment plans should be tailored for patients with different racial backgrounds.Significance:We report biological racial differences among patients with lung cancer where Caucasians present a hot tumor microenvironment compared with cold tumor in AAs. Treatment plans should be customized to maximize therapeutic outcomes.
Updated catalog of the Chilean wedge-shaped beetles (Coleoptera: Ripiphoridae) with the first records of Macrosiagon flavipennis (LeConte) in Chile
Authors: Barahona-Segovia Rodrigo M. , Puiggros Andrés , Varela-Varela Ricardo A. , Valdés-Guzmán Vicente , Ramírez-Cuadros Andrés , Pañinao-Monsálvez Laura 
Published: August 2022

The biology and ecology of wedge-shaped beetles (Coleoptera: Ripiphoridae) are scarcely known in the Neotropical realm. Chilean species of this beetle family are currently represented by two genera: Macrosiagon Hentz, 1830 and Ripiphorus Bosc, 1791, and three species, only known from their type localities. Here, we present an updated catalog of Chilean Ripiphoridae, along with the new distributional and biology records. Also, Macrosiagon flavipennis LeConte, 1866 (Ripiphorinae: Macrosiagonini) has been reported for the first time in Chile. We discuss the reasons for the presence of M. flavipennis in urban areas, the state of knowledge of the endemic species presents in Chile in relation to their distribution and the opportunity to use opportunistic records to better understand their natural history.
New species of Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from Guatemala
Authors: Pérez-Flores Oscar , Santos-Silva Antonio 
Published: August 2022

Three new species from Guatemala are described and illustrated: Ectenessa canoi sp. nov. (Ectenessini), from Petén; Oxycoleus schusteri sp. nov. (Oxycoleini), from Izabal; and Odontocera nigroaurantia sp. nov. (Rhinotragini), from Petén. Distinguishing characters from closely related species are provided.
O paradoxo da emancipação: populismo, democracia e a alma da esquerda
Authors: Azmanova Albena , Sousa Filho José Ivan Rodrigues de 
Published: August 2022

Tradução de: Azmanova, A. (2019). The paradox of emancipation: populism, democracy and the soul of the Left. Philosophy and Social Criticism, 45 (9-10), 1186-1207. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0191453719872291. Traduzido por Ivan Rodrigues

Que conexão há entre o vagalhão populista e a queda do apoio eleitoral às tradicionais posições ideológicas à esquerda? Como podemos explicar o declínio da esquerda sob condições que deveriam estar catapultando-a para o poder? Argumento que a esquerda, na sua reação tanto à hegemonia neoliberal como à ascensão do populismo, está afetada pelo que Nietzsche chamou de “preconceito democrático” – o reflexo de ler a história como o advento e a crise da democracia. Em decorrência disso, a esquerda tenta agora recuperar a democracia por meio da ressurreição do conjunto de políticas de crescimento-e-redistribuição característico da “era dourada” da social-democracia nas três décadas após a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Esse gesto nostálgico, todavia, está levando a esquerda a outro impasse, àquilo que chamo de “paradoxo da emancipação” – ao lutar por igualdade e inclusão como condições essenciais da cidadania democrática, a esquerda está validando a ordem social no interior da qual ela está buscando igualdade e inclusão, a saber, a ordem social moldada pela produção concorrencial de lucro, a qual é a causa básica pela qual as nossas sociedades se encontram encalacradas. Concluo a análise propondo a construção de uma contra-hegemonia contra o capitalismo neoliberal mediante o alargamento do enfoque da esquerda, de modo a que a esquerda não se restrinja às suas preocupações tradicionais com a desigualdade e a exclusão, mas dê conta também da injustiça da crescente insegurança social e econômica – um dano cujo alcance vai além dos trabalhadores pobres. Uma agenda reformulada de justiça social que tenha como eixo questões de insegurança econômica que atravessam a “clivagem de classes” possibilitaria à esquerda mobilizar uma ampla coalizão de forças sociais para a transformação radical e duradoura em direção à democracia socialista.
Holding the Aggressor Accountable
Authors: Atadjanov Rustam 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The issue of the necessity to bring those responsible for the commission of crimes under international law during the ongoing international armed conflict in Ukraine, i.e., the aggressive war of the Russian Federation against sovereign Ukraine, does not raise any principal questions or doubts on the side of the international community. It is the matter of an appropriate forum, or fora to do so that needs to be properly addressed. This piece looks at possible judicial venues for holding the main ringleader of the aggressive war, namely, the President of the Russian Federation, and his closest high-ranking officials personally accountable for core crimes as a matter of individual criminal responsibility. Prospects for three judicial mechanisms, either already existing or potential, are reviewed and brief reflections are offered as to the realistic scenarios for each of those mechanisms given the status quo and ongoing developments.
Mission: Impossible? Reforming the UN Charter to Limit the Veto
Authors: Paige Tamsin Phillipa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Russian invasion of Ukraine has once again brought the question of the limits of the veto by the P5 in the UN Security Council into the spotlight. This short piece examines the possibility of the veto power of the P5 being restricted and the possibility of reform of the UN Charter to restrict or abolish the veto. After concluding that the drafting of the Charter makes these approaches unworkable it then considers the possibility of the UN being reformed under a new Charter that has a more equitable Security Council – concluding that such an approach is functionally impossible.
Corruption in International Law: Illusions of a Grotian Moment
Authors: Ross Simona , Somos Mark 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Has there already been a Grotian Moment for corruption? If not, what would it take for new legal rules and doctrines on corruption to crystallise? This article seeks to answer these two questions by reviewing the relevant history of international legal scholarship, the current public international law framework for anticorruption, and recent developments in international legal practice. We conclude that a Grotian Moment may have been reached for a narrow concept of corruption, focused on petty corruption and bribery, with the proliferation of international anticorruption law following the Cold War. However, a Grotian Moment for a broadened understanding of corruption, based on other forms such as institutional, political, and grand corruption, ought to emerge to comprehensively address all forms of corruption. Given the range of challenges, including resistance from political elites and the indeterminacy of criminal liability, a Grotian Moment for a broadened concept of corruption remains improbable.
Statehood: A Grotian Moment 2
Authors: Sterio Milena 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Grotian Moments are instances of accelerated formation of customary law, sparked by significant world events, such as wars, terrorism attacks, developments in technology, or natural catastrophes. This article will apply the Grotian Moment theory to the legal criteria of statehood, in an attempt to assess whether an evolution in specific elements of statehood has resulted in such paradigm-shifting Grotian Moments. In particular, this article will argue that the evolving political nature of our world order has contributed toward the need to re-conceptualize the legal theory of statehood. This article will thus posit that this constitutes a so-called Grotian Moment 2: a period of time when significant contestation of prevailing international legal norms and institutions occurs, and when novel thinking, norms and institutions attempt to replace elements of the old but may not succeed in doing so. This article posits that developments in the legal theory of statehood may be best described as Grotian Moment 2 although various historical and political developments have reshaped our contemporaneous conception of statehood, it may be argued that international law itself has neither contributed to the evolution of a new legal theory of statehood nor changed its own norms.
Comparative Analysis of Extreme Drought Events and Social Impacts in Henan Province during the Middle Ming Dynasty
Authors: Tian Fangyu , Chen Xudong , Su Yun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The analysis of historical climate change events can deepen the understanding of climate impacts and provide historical examples of coping with extreme events like drought. The data from historical records on droughts and famines were collected during the Chenghua drought (AD 1483–85), Jiajing drought (AD 1527–29), and Wanli drought (AD 1584–89) in Henan Province in the middle Ming Dynasty. Based on this, the average drought index (ADI), average famine index (AFI) and the average social regulation index (ASRI) were defined to quantitatively explore the differences in the social impacts of extreme droughts. The results were as follows: 1) As for ADI, the Wanli drought was the most severe (1.59), followed by the Jiajing drought (1.21) and the Chenghua drought (1.02). In terms of AFI, the famine conditions were the most severe during the Jiajing drought (0.43), followed by Chenghua drought (0.30) and the Wanli drought (0.15). 2) The ASRI values in the Chenghua drought, Jiajing drought, and Wanli drought were 3.90, 3.90, and 4.54, respectively. It could be concluded society showed the highest social regulation ability during the Wanli drought and showed the same level of the two other droughts. However, for the key years, the social regulation ability of the Jiajing drought was higher than that of Chenghua drought, especially in the alleviation of low-grade drought. 3) From historical documents, the progress of agricultural technology, the progress of famine relief policy, and the change in relief supplies greatly improved the social ability to cope with the extreme drought events.

Significance Statement
The analysis of extreme drought events in the past is important for understanding the interactions between human activities and natural variability, and its impact on society, economy, and even politics. Our goal is to explore the changes of ability to cope with extreme droughts through the statistical relationship of drought and famine in the three extreme drought events in Henan during the middle Ming Dynasty. The results showed that the social regulation ability of Henan to cope with extreme drought was significantly strengthened. Progress in agriculture and famine policy, and so on, had an important role in promoting the development of social regulation ability. How to improve the quantitative method for the social regulation by social impacts requires further research.