bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-intensity interval training relieves osteoarthritis-induced neuropathic pain through promoting the polarization of M1 to M2 in microglia via the Jak2/Stat3 pathway in rats
Authors: Wang xinwei , Xia Peng , Lin Qiang , Cheng Kai , Chen Anliang , Kong Fane , Shi Yi , Li Xueping 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA)-induced neuropathic pain is closely related to microglial polarization in the central nervous system. This study aimed to determine whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) could relieve neuropathic pain and promote the polarization of M1 to M2 in microglia through the Jak2/Stat3 pathway in OA rats. Methods: Wistar rats received intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate for an OA model. After four weeks, moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) or HIIT was conducted consecutively for six weeks. Pain threshold was measured by the von Frey test. The degree of cartilage damage was analyzed by magnetic resonance imaging and safranin-O staining. Tmem119, substance P (SP), Vglut2, c-Fos, and IL6 were detected by immunofluorescence. The CD68 and CD163 were analyzed by flow cytometry. The proteomics sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyzed the differences in protein and mRNA expression levels between MICT and HIIT groups. Intraperitoneal injection of C-A1 activated the Jak2/Stat3 pathway in OA rats, followed by HIIT treatment, and pain neurotransmitters were detected by Western blotting. Results: The pain threshold was significantly decreased from third weeks to tenth weeks in OA rats. HIIT treatment promoted the polarization of M1 to M2 in microglia and down-regulated Tmem119, SP, Vglut2, c-Fos, and IL6. Moreover, HIIT suppressed Jak2 and Stat3 expression levels when compared with MICT rats. The pain threshold and pain neurotransmitters were lower in C-A1+HIIT rats than in C-A1 rats. Conclusions: HIIT relieves OA-induced neuropathic pain and promotes the polarization of M1 to M2 in microglia through the Jak2/Stat3 pathway.
Developing a Self-Learning Knowledge-Based System for Follow-up and Treatment of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Authors: Negasa Geleta , Jimma Worku , Diriba Chala 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Follow-up and treatment complications among pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension is one of the significant global health challenges. It is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Thus, to address the problem, it is crucial to develop a self-learning knowledge-based system that assists health professionals in the timely follow-up and treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertensive and minimizes maternal death.Methods: Experimental research design was used to develop the proposed system. The domainexperts were selected from Jimma Medical Center purposively to acquire knowledge using structured and unstructured interviews. The acquired knowledge was modelled and represented by a decision tree and a production rule, respectively.Results: Developing a self-learning knowledge-based system for follow-up and treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension was developed. The system's performance was evaluated and produced a result of 81.25%. In addition, user acceptance of the developed system was done by a visual interaction method, namely, by showing the system to the domain experts, and it was found that it produced 83.44%.Conclusions: The developed system helps save the life of pregnant women in health centers where health professionals are scarce. In addition, it can reduce the time and cost of follow-up and treatment in the health center. Therefore, the researchers recommend that hospitals and health centers use the developed system to improve health services.
Protective side of Nebivolol via Akt/Hif-1α/eNOS signaling pathway: Nephrotoxicity caused by Methotrexate in a rat model
Authors: KARAKUYU Nasıf Fatih , ERTUNÇ Onur , BEDİR Mehmet , DOĞAN Hatice Kübra , TANER Rümeysa , Sevük Mehmet Abdulkadir , İMECİ Orhan Berk , ERGÖNÜL Esin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is an antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory agent which is used in serious diseases. Its use should be limited due to side effects such as nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, especially during high doses in cancer treatment. Hypertension may accompany patients due to nephrotoxicity, which is shown as one of the most important side effects. Nebivolol (NBV), which is a beta blocker and used in the treatment of hypertension, also contributes to vasodilation in tissues by activating endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) enzyme. The purpose of this study is to research the effect of NBV on MTX-induced nephrotoxicity through the AKT1/Hif-1⍺/eNOS signaling pathway.The rats were randomly divided into three groups of eight each. Groups were control, MTX and MTX + NBV. A single dose of 20 mg/kg MTX was given intraperitoneally to the rats on the first day of the study and 10 mg/kg NBV was given orally to the treatment group for seven days.At the end of the study, rats' blood and kidney tissues were taken for histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical examinations. Total antioxidant status levels were increased and total oxidant status levels were decreased significantly in MTX + NBV group compared with MTX group. Although creatinine levels increased in the MTX group compared to the control, while decreased in the MTX + NBV group. MTX administration was significantly decreased the expression levels of AKT1, eNOS and Hif1α compared to control group and NBV treatment increased these values compared to MTX group.In conclusion, NBV treatment ameliorated the MTX induced nephrotoxicity via AKT1/Hif-1⍺/eNOS signaling pathway.
Tropical fruits polyphenols: inhibitors of the oxidation of the LDL
Authors: Herrera-Pérez Eilyn , Fernández-Acosta Roberto , Bebelagua Yanín , Rodríguez José L. , García Mario A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe antioxidant power of the polyphenols of some tropical fruits such as the papaya (Carica papaya L.), soursop (Annona muricata L.), mammee (Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn), guava (Psidium guajava L.), banana cv. Vietnamese (Musa paradisiaca L.) and tamarind (Tamarindus indicus L.) were evaluated. The oxidation was performed at 37 °C with different concentrations of polyphenols. The oxidation products were measured by the 2-tiobarbituric acid method. The IC50 and Antioxidant Potential per Serving (APS) were estimated as an antioxidant quality indexes. The estimated IC50 values (µM) were: 21.3 (papaya); 21.5 (soursop); 22.4 (banana); 19.1 (guava); 14.7 (mammee) and 12.9 (tamarind). The APS values were: 20.2 (papaya); 51.6 (soursop); 37 (banana); 83 (guava); 30.3 (mammee) and 218 (tamarind). All fruit polyphenols inhibit the LDL oxidation. The polyphenols of tamarind and mammee presented the best antioxidant quality, while the tamarind and guava showed the biggest APS.
Physio-chemical analysis and kinetic modeling of phenol degradation by the endophyte Kocuria rhizophila 14asp
Authors: Javeria Mehreen , Hussain Khalid , Nayab Durre 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Phenol is a carcinogenic pollutant found in a range of industrial effluents in concentrations up to several mg L-1. Here, we investigated in vitro phenol degradation by non-starved endophytic Kocuria rhizophila 14asp in batch mode at a wide range of concentrations (1500 mg L-1 to 6500 mg L-1) under a variety of conditions. The optimum temperature and pH for maximum phenol degradation were found to be 35 oC and 7.3, respectively. The maximum extent of phenol degradation was 93% after 144 hrs when the culture was fed 1500 mg phenol L-1, and resulted in a maximum cell yield of 0.21. Kinetic modeling with Haldane, Edward and Yano kinetic models showed that the Edward model best described the phenol degradation kinetics by K. rhizophila 14asp. Given the ability of K. rhizophila 14asp to utilize high concentrations of phenol as sole source of carbon and energy, it may be useful in biodegradation systems.
Study protocol to assess the effectiveness of Palliative care Intervention led by nurse on symptom burden and quality of life of patients with cancer at a tertiary level hospital in northern India: A Randomized Control Trial.
Authors: Dhawan Shelly , Jiwan Triza , Singh Raja , Raj Rajneesh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Palliative care is immensely needed in India, because more than 80% of newly diagnosed cancer cases (1.1 million) present in advanced stages (stage III and IV). As a consequence of shortage of clinicians with expertise, extensive adoption of palliative care is bounded.
Objectives: To develop the content of package of interventions in form of checklists for execution of palliative care by oncology nurses (Nurse led Palliative care) to address physical, social, emotional and spiritual problems among cancer patients associated with disease and treatment and to assess the ability of 12 weeks nurse led palliative care intervention on symptom burden and quality of life among cancer patients.

Methods and Materials: In this tertiary care hospital based randomized controlled trial, sequentially numbered opaque sealed envelopes (SNOSE) will be used for randomization and allocation concealment. Intervention group will receive a package of interventions that includes effective communication, management of pain, psycho-social, gastro-intestinal, respiratory, urological, nursing issues for a period of 12 weeks in a customized manner as per the requirement by the individual whereas control group will receive standard routine care. Data regarding symptom burden will be assessed by memorial symptom assessment scale-short form (MSAS-SF), general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7), patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and quality of life will be assessed by functional assessment of chronic illness therapy (FACIT-PAL version-4) at baseline, 4 and 12 weeks.
Trial registration: This trial is prospectively registered with the clinical trials registry, number-CTRI/2022/04/042329.
Keywords: Nurse led Palliative care, Cancer patients, symptom burden, Quality of life.
Design of a plasmonic refractive index sensor based on the amplifier system with two plasmonic waveguides and four cavities with different dimensions and coordinates
Authors: HamidAbbasi  
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this research, we design a plasmonic refractive index sensor based on metal insulated metal waveguide (MIM) and examine it numerically. To design the structure of this sensor, we use five cavities with different dimensions and coordinates and two plasmonic waveguides. The resonant wavelengths and refractive index of the resonators are investigated and simulated by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. Due to the fact that the sensors and conduction characteristics of plasmonic waves are affected by the structure parameters, by changing the refractive index and changing the dimensions of the cavities, we can weaken or strengthen the passage coefficient in the resonant modes. As a result, we obtain the sensitivity coefficient, the competency digit (FOM) and the sensor quality coefficient. These plasmonic sensors with a simple frame and high optical resolution can be used to measure the refractive index in the medical, chemical and food industries, and due to the special correct distribution of resonances, they are highly sensitive to changes in the refractive index of the environment.
Motherhood as a double-edged sword: A phenomenological exploration into the lived experiences of incarcerated pregnant women
Authors: Alirezaei Somayeh , Roudsari Robab Latifnejad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The global number of women in prison has increased in recent years. Some of these incarcerated women experience pregnancy. Pregnancy in prison has a great impact on the experience of mothers and can affect women’s role in motherhood. This study aimed to understand the meaning of motherhood in pregnant prisoners.
Methods
The present qualitative research was carried out using a descriptive-interpretive phenomenology via interviews with 11 pregnant or early postpartum women in prison. The participants were purposefully selected from incarcerated pregnant women in 2020 in Iran. Six-step Van Manen’s phenomenological approach was used for data analysis.
Results
The main theme of “motherhood, as a double-edged sword"emerged from the analysis, which consisted of two sub-themes, including “Moving in a circle between togetherness and separation” and “Being subject to ambiguous and illusory thoughts”. Based on the findings, motherhood in prison is just like living in a world, which is shaky and chaotic, and mothers are confused between reaching to and separation from the child. Furthermore, they experience the anxiety and worries of motherhood, and cannot be confident regarding the future of themselves and their children.
Conclusion
The experience of motherhood in prison for women was like a double-edged sword; on the one hand, they were fully immersed in motherhood feelings and emotions, which enhanced mother’s tolerance in prison, and on the other hand, the presence of child caused the aggravation of stress and anxiety.
Body Weight Perception and Quality of Life in Nurses of Nantong City, China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Xu , Yang Xiaohua , Chu Hongmei , Ge Chunyan , Yin Jie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background To explored associations of body weight perception with body mass index and quality of life among nurses.Methods A total of 456 nurses (18-55 years old） were surveyed in a cross-sectional study in a hospital. Data on social-demographic characteristics, BMI, BWP and Qol were collected. Results 40.6% of nurses misconception their weight status. Married nurses were more likely than unmarried to underestimate their weight. Significant disparity in mental health, vitality and mental component summary scores were found in nursers who underestimate their weight compared to those correctly perceived or over or who overestimate their weight. Conclusion Interventions should be designed to help nurse address body weight status misconception, thereby contributing to label themselves and patients as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese correctly, and in turn, giving reasonable eating habits and physical activities health education.
Changes in Rooting Substances of Tomato Explants1,2
Authors: Aung L. H. , Bryan H. H. , Byrne J. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The rooting substances of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) explants during root regeneration were studied. The root-promoting substances of the basic, acidic, and bound ether-soluble fractions of the plant extracts after paper chromatography were determined by a tomato hypocotyl test. The basic root-promoting substances in the basal hypocotyl region changed qualitatively, while those of the acidic and bound fractions decreased with rooting. It was found that in 5-day-old explants, the highest root-promoting substances were in the bound fraction, and in the basal hypocotyl region. Histological evidence showed the presence of preformed root primordia in the rooting region of 10-day-old tomato explants.
Net Photosynthesis and Dark Respiration of Apple Leaves as Affected by Pesticides1
Authors: Ayers J. C. , Barden J. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Of 33 chemicals tested, 21 had no effect on net photosynthesis (Pn) or dark respiration (Rd) of apple (Malus pumila Mill.). Of the 12 having an effect, most reduced Pn, 2 increased Pn, and 1 increased Rd. Oil and emulsifiable concentrate formulations generally reduced Pn, while Plictran and formetanate hydrochloride increased Pn. In 1 test qxythioquinox increased Rd whereas other materials had little or no effect in any test. There was no difference in response by cultivar or to environment, but the method of treatment introduced wide variation in the effects of certain chemicals.
The Penetration of Global Solar Radiation into Apple Trees1
Authors: Proctor J. T. A. , Kyle W. J. , Davies J. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Global radiation on cloudless days within apple trees varied considerably. At most times on any day absorption of global radiation was dependant on solar zenith angle and was greatest between 1 and 2m from the tree tops. Measurements of penetrating global radiation were similar whether made on E-W or N-W tracks and differed little in trees on M.26 and M.7 except deep in the canopy where energy levels were lower in the latter.
Attenuation of infra-red radiation was less than visible resulting in higher levels of infra-red relative to visible deep in the canopy.
Apples from trees on M.7 had less red color than those on M.26 but the amount of red color formed was positively correlated with global radiation. At the same global radiation fruit color was better on M.26 than on M.7. This may, in part, be a rootstock or tree training effect. An estimated minimum energy of 250 cal cm-2 day-1 was necessary for the initiation and maintenance of red color in apples.
Performance of Nucellar Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi Macf., on 13 Rootstocks in South Texas1
Authors: Wutscher H. K. , Maxwell N. P. , Shull A. V. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Fruit production of 11-year-old ‘CES #3 Redblush’ grapefruit Citrus paradisi Macf. trees on 13 root-stocks was best on ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (C.P.B. 4475) [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. × C. paradisi], ‘Morton’ and ‘Troyer’ [P. trifoliata × C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck] rootstock. The lowest yielding trees were on ‘Tachibana’ orange C. tachibana (Mak.) Tan. and ‘Succari’ sweet orange C. sinensis rootstock. There was wide variation in the percentage of large-sized fruit (96 and above) over 3 years; trees on ‘Troyer’ and ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (‘C.P.B. 4475’) produced the greatest quantities of large fruit. The fruit of ‘CES #3 Redblush’ was small on ‘Tachibana’ orange, ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin C. reticulata Blanco, and ‘Succari’ sweet orange rootstock. Total soluble solids was highest on ‘Tachibana’ orange, ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin, and ‘Texas’ sour orange C. aurantium L., lowest on ‘Rough’ lemon C. jambhiri Lush, and ‘Troyer’. Acids were high on ‘Tachibana’ orange and ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin rootstocks, low on ‘Rough’ lemon and ‘Christian’ trifoliate orange Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. Trees were larger than average on ‘Rough’ lemon and sweet orange rootstock, smaller on ‘Christian’ trifoliate and ‘Tachibana’ orange. Leaf Mn levels were high on ‘Tachibana’ orange; B levels were relatively low on ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (C.P.B. 4475) and ‘Succari’ sweet orange rootstocks.
Influence of Trellis Type on Yield of Muscadine Grape1
Authors: Brightwell W. T. , Austin M. E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
One-wire, 2-wire, and overhead trellis systems of the muscadine grape, Vitis rotundifolia, Mich., cv. Hunt, were compared for 20 bearing years. Initially, plants trained to the 2-wire trellis had the highest yield; but for each of the next 18 years, the highest yield was obtained from the overhead trellis. All training systems exhibited alternate bearing after the 7th crop year. The alternate bearing pattern was the same as the state pecan production.
Ultrastructure of Nectarine Fruit Surfaces1
Authors: Fogle Harold W. , Faust Miklos 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The fruit surface characteristics of 15 nectarine clones were examined by scanning electron microscopy at 200 and 2000× magnifications. The surface of nectarines appeared very different from surfaces of fruits previously examined. The relatively unprotected surface, the apparent ridging, and minute cracks starting at stomates of nectarines have not been previously described. Among clones, differences were evident in prominence and coarseness of ridges, number and elevation of stomates, and cracking of the cuticle of mature fruit. The appearance of minute cracks coincided with the time of natural brown rot infection; thus the cracks are regarded as the most likely entry sites for the brown rot organism. Stomates seemingly were suberized in maturing fruits. The study revealed that relatively small differences in surface structures are apparently heritable.
Comparative Development of Dwarf and Normal Segregants in Watermelon1
Authors: Loy J. Brent , Liu Peter B. W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A study of vegetative growth and flowering was conducted on normal and 3 dwarf segregants, dw-1, dw-2 and dw-1:dw-2 (extreme dwarf) of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumura and Nakai]. Con pared to normal segregants, stem elongation was reduced by about 50% in dw-1 segregants, 80% in dw-2 segre gants and 90% in extreme dwarfs. The primary effect of the dwarf genes was an additive reduction in internode length. The rate of leaf initiation was reduced in dw-2 and extreme dwarfs, but not in dw-1 dwarfs.
Extreme and dw-2 dwarfs flowered at an earlier node number than either dw-1 or normal segregants. However, due to slower growth and abortion of early pistillate flowers, particularly in dw-2 and extreme dwarfs, the dwarf segregants displayed a temporal delay in flowering. Hence, the late-flowering characteristic of the dwarf segregants, especially in dw-2 and extreme dwarfs, imposes serious limitations on their usefulness for breeding early maturing dwarf cultivars.
Thinning French Prune (Prunus domestica L.) with (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid1
Authors: Martin George C. , Fitch Larry B. , Sibbett G. Steven , Carnill Gregory L. , Ramos David E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Foliar sprays of (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) were applied at 50, 100, and 150 ppm to French prune trees at 50% petal fall and when seed length was 8.3 to 9.4 mm. All concentrations thinned fruits within 3 to 4 weeks after treatment. The treatments increased soluble solids and fruit size, and in some instances decreased dry tonnage. Return bloom the following year was greater on treated trees than on controls. Also, fall coloration patterns appeared earlier on the treated trees. No phytotoxic effects from the treatments were evident on the fruits.
Endogenous Promoter and Inhibitor Levels in Lilium longiflorum Bulbs1
Authors: Lin W. C. , Wilkins H. F. , Brenner M. L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lilium longiflorum Thunb. cv. Nellie White shoots rapidly emerged and flowered when bulbs were given a 4.5°C/40 day treatment. However, GA levels in the bulbs did not increase during the 4.5°C/40 day cold storage, but increased afterwards in the greenhouse with a GA maximum 30 days past storage. ABA activity patterns were similar to GA. Bulbs first treated at 4.5°C/30 days and then followed by 21°C/30 days had higher GA activity and their shoots were slower to emerge and flower than those of bulbs first treated at 21°C/30 days then given 4.5°C/30 days. Bulbs from 4 harvest dates had greater GA activity in the inner scales while ABA activity was greater in the outer scales.
Impedance as a Measurement of Blueberry Bud Hardiness1
Authors: Doughty C. C. , Hemerick G. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Impedance in situ of one-year-old fruiting shoot internodes was evaluated as a means of measuring hardiness, and to determine the effect of temperature and rest on the development of hardiness in dormant buds of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Impedance measured by inserting 2 stainless steel needles through the bark into the phloem and cambium showed the relative hardiness levels of woody tissue at each date. Impedance varied inversely with temperature during hardening and dehardening. Differences in bud hardiness among cultivars at specified dates were not always shown.
Effect of White Latex Paint on Temperature of Stone Fruit Tree Trunks in Winter1
Authors: Martsolf J. David , Ritter C. Marshall , Hatch Anthony H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Tree trunks painted on the sunlit side with white exterior latex paint were found to be 30 C cooler than nonpainted trunks during midwinter in midlatitudes. The dependency of the cambium temp amelioration on wind speed and trunk diam is indicated through an argument based on convective transfer theory. The argument suggests that for trunks larger than 10 cm diam or for wind speeds less than 30 cm/sec around the trunk or both, the amelioration due to white paint may be greater than 30 C.