bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What is known from the existing literature about self-management of pessaries for pelvic organ prolapse? A scoping review
Authors: Dwyer Lucy , Dowding Dawn , Kearney R 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesPelvic organ prolapse can be managed with a pessary. However, regular follow-up may deter women due to the inconvenience of frequent appointments, as well as preventing autonomous decision making. Pessary self-management may be a solution to these issues. However, there remains a number of uncertainties regarding pessary self-management. This scoping review aims to map available evidence about pessary self-management to identify knowledge gaps providing the basis for future research.DesignScoping review as detailed in the review protocol.Data sourcesA search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases and a handsearch were undertaken during May 2021 to identify relevant articles using the search terms ‘pessary’ and ‘self-management’ or ‘self-care’.Data extraction and synthesisData relevant to pessary self-management was extracted and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool used to assess empirical rigour. Thematic analysis was performed to evaluate the results.ResultsThe database search identified 82 publications. After duplicates and articles not meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were removed, there were 23 eligible articles. A hand search revealed a further 19 articles, resulting in a total of 42 publications.Findings relevant to pessary self-management were extracted and analysed for the emergence of themes. Recurrent themes in the literature were; the characteristics of self-managing women; pessary care; factors associated with decision making about self-management; teaching self-management and cost benefit.ConclusionsPessary self-management may offer benefits to some women without increased risk. Some women do not feel willing or able to self-manage their pessary. However, increased support may help women overcome this. Further in-depth exploration of factors which affect women’s willingness to self-manage their pessary is indicated to ensure better understanding and support as available for other conditions.
mHealth education for patients with chronic kidney disease: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Schultz Anders Nikolai Ørsted , Kampmann Jan Dominik , Kidholm Kristian , Moos Caroline , Bauer Eithne Hayes 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionMore than 10% of the population worldwide is affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite many promising indications regarding the use of mHealth education for patients with CKD, there is still little evidence regarding the feasibility, effectiveness outcomes and outcome measures. Therefore, we will conduct a scoping review to examine the currently available evidence on mHealth education for patients with CKD and, thus, explore the existing evidence regarding feasibility, effectiveness outcomes and outcome measures, patient and/or provider perception and implementation challenges.Methods and analysisA scoping review will be conducted in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis chapter on scoping reviews.MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO will be searched. The search strategy will consist of blocks, which have been adopted and modified from former Cochrane reviews. Two independent reviewers will screen studies. Characteristics of the included studies, both quantitative and qualitative, will be reported using quantitative descriptive statistics. Quantitative results will be grouped by objectives (feasibility, effectiveness outcomes and outcome measures, patient perception and implementation challenges), types of intervention and characteristics of participants. Qualitative results will be organised into categories using an iterative process, as suggested by Pollock et al.Ethics and disseminationAs this scoping review does not involve primary data collection, ethical permission is unnecessary. Results of the scoping review will be published in an international peer-reviewed scientific journal.Trial registration numberOpen Science Framework (https://osf.io/gxkeh/).
Cancer centre supportive oncology service: health economic evaluation
Authors: Stewart Eleanor , Tavabie Simon , McGovern Caroline , Round Alex , Shaw Laura , BAss Stephen , Herriott Rob , Savage Emily , Young Katie , Bruun Andrea , Droney Joanne , Monnery Daniel , Wells Geoffrey , White Nicola , Minton Ollie 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThere have been many models of providing oncology and palliative care to hospitals. Many patients will use the hospital non-electively or semielectively, and a large proportion are likely to be in the last years of life. We describe our multidisciplinary service to treatable but not curable cancer patients at University Hospitals Sussex. The team was a mixture of clinical nurse specialists and a clinical fellow supported by dedicated palliative medicine consultant time and oncology expertise.MethodsWe identified patients with cancer who had identifiable supportive care needs and record activity with clinical coding. We used a baseline 2019/2020 dataset of national (secondary uses service) data with discharge code 79 (patients who died during that year) to compare a dataset of patients seen by the service between September 2020 and September 2021 in order to compare outcomes. While this was during COVID-19 this was when the funding was available.ResultsWe demonstrated a reduction in length of stay by an average of 1.43 days per admission and a reduction of 0.95 episodes of readmission rates. However, the costs of those admissions were found to be marginally higher. Even with the costs of the service, there is a clear return on investment with a benefit cost ratio of 1.4.ConclusionsA supportive oncology service alongside or allied to acute oncology but in conjunction with palliative care is feasible and cost-effective. This would support investment in such a service and should be nationally commissioned in conjunction with palliative care services seeing all conditions.
Single dose of budesonide/formoterol turbuhaler compared to salbutamol pMDI for speed of bronchodilator onset in asthma: a randomised cross-over trial
Authors: Kearns Nethmi , Williams Mathew , Bruce Pepa , Black Melissa , Kearns Ciléin , Sparks Jenny , Braithwaite Irene , Weatherall Mark , Beasley Richard 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo compare bronchodilator response after to salbutamol and budesonide/formoterol in adults with stable asthma.MethodsA double-blind, cross-over, single-centre, placebo-controlled, non-inferiority trial. Adults with stable asthma were randomised to different orders of two treatment regimens: two actuations of placebo via MDI and one actuation of budesonide/formoterol 200/6 µg via turbuhaler; and one actuation of placebo turbuhaler and two actuations of salbutamol 100 µg via MDI. The primary outcome measure was FEV1after 2 min. Secondary outcome measures included FEV1, mBorg Dyspnoea Scale score and visual analogue score for breathlessness over 30 min.ResultsForty-nine of 50 potential participants were randomised. One participant withdrew following the first intervention visit and another could not be randomised due to COVID-19 restrictions. The mean (SD) change from baseline FEV12 min after treatment administration for budesonide/formoterol and salbutamol was 0.08 (0.14) L, n=49, and 0.17 (0.18) L, n=48, respectively, mean (95% CI) paired difference of −0.097 L (−0.147 to −0.047), p=0.07, against a non-inferiority bound of −0.06 L. In the secondary analysis, FEV1over 30 min was lower for budesonide/formoterol compared with salbutamol, difference (95% CI): −0.10 (−0.12 to −0.08) L, p<0.001. There were no differences in Visual Analogue Scale score or mBorg Dyspnoea Scale score between treatments.ConclusionThe results do not support the primary hypothesis of non-inferiority at the boundary of −0.06 L for the difference between budesonide/formoterol 200/6 µg compared with salbutamol 200 µg for FEV1at 2 min, and could be consistent with inferiority with a p value of 0.07. For the secondary analysis of FEV1measurements over time, the FEV1was higher with salbutamol.Trial registration numberAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN 12619001387112).
Development of local density perturbation scheme in f(R) gravity to identify cracking points
Authors: Noureen I. , Arshad N. , Mardan S. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, the extension of concept of cracking in modified f(R) theory of gravity is presented for spherically symmetric compact objects. We develop general framework to observe the instabilities in self-gravitating spherical system through cracking with anisotropic inner matter configuration. For this purpose, the local density perturbation is applied on the hydrostatic equilibrium equation to identify cracking points/intervals. The physical viability of developed technique is tested on the data of three different stars namely 4U 1820-30, Her X-1 and SAX J1808.4-3658, presented in f(R) model developed in Zubair and Abbas (Astrophys Space Sci 361:342, 2016). It is concluded that these objects exhibit cracking in different interior regions and identification of cracking points refine the stability analysis of the system by extracting instabilities.
Measuring sustainable tourism with online platform data
Authors: Hoffmann Felix J. , Braesemann Fabian , Teubner Timm 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSustainability in tourism is a topic of global relevance, finding multiple mentions in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The complex task of balancing tourism’s economic, environmental, and social effects requires detailed and up-to-date data. This paper investigates whether online platform data can be employed as an alternative data source in sustainable tourism statistics. Using a web-scraped dataset from a large online tourism platform, a sustainability label for accommodations can be predicted reasonably well with machine learning techniques. The algorithmic prediction of accommodations’ sustainability using online data can provide a cost-effective and accurate measure that allows to track developments of tourism sustainability across the globe with high spatial and temporal granularity.
Casimir energy for N superconducting cavities: a model for the YBCO (GdBCO) sample to be used in the Archimedes experiment
Authors: Allocca Annalisa , Avino Saverio , Balestrieri Sergio , Calloni Enrico , Caprara Sergio , Carpinelli Massimo , D’Onofrio Luca , D’Urso Domenico , De Rosa Rosario , Errico Luciano , Gagliardi Gianluca , Grilli Marco , Mangano Valentina , Marsella Maria , Naticchioni Luca , Pasqualetti Antonio , Pepe Giovanni Piero , Perciballi Maurizio , Pesenti Luca , Puppo Paola , Rapagnani Piero , Ricci Fulvio , Rosa Luigi , Rovelli Carlo , Rozza Davide , Ruggi Paolo , Saini Naurang , Sequino Valeria , Sipala Valeria , Stornaiuolo Daniela , Tafuri Francesco , Tagliacozzo Arturo , Tosta e Melo Iara , Trozzo Lucia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper we study the Casimir energy of a sample made by N cavities, with $$N\gg 1$$

N
≫
1

, across the transition from the metallic to the superconducting phase of the constituting plates. After having characterised the energy for the configuration in which the layers constituting the cavities are made by dielectric and for the configuration in which the layers are made by plasma sheets, we concentrate our analysis on the latter. It represents the final step towards the macroscopical characterisation of a “multi-cavity” (with N large) necessary to fully understand the behaviour of the Casimir energy of a YBCO (or a GdBCO) sample across the transition. Our analysis is especially useful to the Archimedes experiment, aimed at measuring the interaction of the electromagnetic vacuum energy with a gravitational field. To this purpose, we aim at modulating the Casimir energy of a layered structure, the multi-cavity, by inducing a transition from the metallic to the superconducting phase. After having characterised the Casimir energy of such a structure for both the metallic and the superconducting phase, we give an estimate of the modulation of the energy across the transition.
A study of charged stellar structure in modified f (R,ϕ,χ) gravity
Authors: Malik Adnan , Mofarreh Fatemah , Ali Akram , Hamid Mah Rukh 
Published: July 2022

The aim of this paper is to investigate and analyze the behavior of charged compact stars in the modified [Formula: see text] theory of gravity. When solving the field equations, we assume that Krori– Barua space-time describes the geometry of the inner space [K. Krori and J. Barua, A singularity-free solution for a charged fluid sphere in general relativity, J. Phys. A Math. Gen. 8 (1975) 508]. We further analyzed various physical characteristics for our model, including energy density, pressure components, anisotropy parameter, mass function, compactness element, and redshift through their graphical representations. Additionally, we have checked the equilibrium position by taking Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation and stability by using Abreu’s criterion [H. Abreu, H. Hernandez, and L. Nunez, Sound speeds, cracking and the stability of self-gravitating anisotropic compact objects, Class. Quantum Grav. 24 (2007) 4631] and relativistic adiabatic index. For our study, we choose Hercules XI, Centaurus XIII, EXO 1785-248, LMC XIV stars for analysis.
Curriculum Pre-training Heterogeneous Subgraph Transformer for Top-NRecommendation
Authors: Wang Hui , Zhou Kun , Zhao Xin , Wang Jingyuan , Wen Ji-Rong 
Published: July 2022

To characterize complex and heterogeneous side information in recommender systems, the heterogeneous information network (HIN) has shown superior performance and attracted much research attention. In HIN, the rich entities, relations, and paths can be utilized to model the correlations of users and items; such a task setting is often calledHIN-based recommendation. Although HIN provides a general approach to modeling rich side information, it lacks special consideration on the goal of the recommendation task. The aggregated context from the heterogeneous graph is likely to incorporate irrelevant information, and the learned representations are not specifically optimized according to the recommendation task. Therefore, there is a need to rethink how to leverage the useful information from HIN to accomplish the recommendation task.To address the above issues, we propose a Curriculum pre-training based HEterogeneous Subgraph Transformer (calledCHEST) with newdata characterization,representation model,andlearning algorithm. Specifically, we consider extracting useful information from HIN to compose the interaction-specific heterogeneous subgraph, containing highly relevant context information for recommendation. Then, we capture the rich semantics (e.g., graph structure and path semantics) within the subgraph via a heterogeneous subgraph Transformer, where we encode the subgraph into multi-slot sequence representations. Besides, we design a curriculum pre-training strategy to provide an elementary-to-advanced learning process. The elementary course focuses on capturing local context information within the subgraph, and the advanced course aims to learn global context information. In this way, we gradually capture useful semantic information from HIN for modeling user-item interactions. Extensive experiments conducted on four real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method over a number of competitive baselines, especially when only limited training data is available.
A Genome-Wide Screen Identifies PDPK1 as a Target to Enhance the Efficacy of MEK1/2 Inhibitors in NRAS Mutant Melanoma
Authors: Cai Weijia , Nguyen Mai Q. , Wilski Nicole A. , Purwin Timothy J. , Vernon Mégane , Tiago Manoela , Aplin Andrew E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Melanomas frequently harbor activating NRAS mutations. However, limited advance has been made in developing targeted therapy options for patients with NRAS mutant melanoma. MEK inhibitors (MEKi) show modest efficacy in the clinic and their actions need to be optimized. In this study, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9–based screen and demonstrated that loss of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDPK1) enhances the efficacy of MEKi. The synergistic effects of PDPK1 loss and MEKi was validated in NRAS mutant melanoma cell lines using pharmacologic and molecular approaches. Combined PDPK1 inhibitors (PDPK1i) with MEKi suppressed NRAS mutant xenograft growth and induced gasdermin E–associated pyroptosis. In an immune-competent allograft model, PDPK1i+MEKi increased the ratio of intratumoral CD8+ T cells, delayed tumor growth, and prolonged survival; the combination treatment was less effective against tumors in immune-deficient mice. These data suggest PDPK1i+MEKi as an efficient immunostimulatory strategy against NRAS mutant melanoma.

Significance:
Targeting PDPK1 stimulates antitumor immunity and sensitizes NRAS mutant melanoma to MEK inhibition, providing rationale for the clinical development of a combinatorial approach for treating patients with melanoma.
Proteomic Mapping and Targeting of Mitotic Pericentriolar Material in Tumors Bearing Centrosome Amplification
Authors: Xie Bingteng , Pu Yang , Yang Fan , Chen Wei , Yue Wei , Ma Jihong , Zhang Na , Jiang Yuening , Wu Jiegen , Lin Yihan , Liang Xin , Wang Chu , Zou Peng , Li Mo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Recent work has made it clear that pericentriolar material (PCM), the matrix of proteins surrounding centrioles, contributes to most functions of centrosomes. Given the occurrence of centrosome amplification in most solid tumors and the unconventional survival of these tumor cells, it is tempting to hypothesize that gel-like mitotic PCM would cluster extra centrosomes to defend against mitotic errors and increase tumor cell survival. However, because PCM lacks an encompassing membrane, is highly dynamic, and is physically connected to centrioles, few methods can decode the components of this microscale matrix. In this study, we took advantage of differential labeling between two sets of APEX2-centrosome reactions to design a strategy for acquiring the PCM proteome in living undisturbed cells without synchronization treatment, which identified 392 PCM proteins. Localization of ubiquitination promotion proteins away from PCM was a predominant mechanism to maintain the large size of PCM for centrosome clustering during mitosis in cancer cells. Depletion of PCM gene kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) caused centrosome clustering failure and apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Thus, our study suggests a strategy for targeting a wide range of tumors exhibiting centrosome amplification and provides a proteomic resource for future mining of PCM proteins.

Significance:
This study identifies the proteome of pericentriolar material and reveals therapeutic vulnerabilities in tumors bearing centrosome amplification.
Lenalidomide plus R-GDP (R2-GDP) in Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Final Results of the R2-GDP-GOTEL Trial and Immune Biomarker Subanalysis
Authors: Palazón-Carrión Natalia , Martín García-Sancho Alejandro , Nogales-Fernández Esteban , Jiménez-Cortegana Carlos , Carnicero-González Fernando , Ríos-Herranz Eduardo , de la Cruz-Vicente Fátima , Rodríguez-García Guillermo , Fernández-Álvarez Rubén , Martínez-Banaclocha Natividad , Gumà-Padrò Josep , Gómez-Codina José , Salar-Silvestre Antonio , Rodríguez-Abreu Delvys , Gálvez-Carvajal Laura , Labrador Jorge , Guirado-Risueño María , García-Domínguez Daniel J. , Hontecillas-Prieto Lourdes , Espejo-García Pablo , Fernández-Román Isabel , Provencio-Pulla Mariano , Sánchez-Beato Margarita , Navarro Marta , Marylene Lejeune , Álvaro-Naranjo Tomás , Casanova-Espinosa Maria , Sánchez-Margalet Victor , Rueda-Domínguez Antonio , de la Cruz-Merino Luis 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
New therapeutic options are needed in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL). Lenalidomide-based schedules can reverse rituximab refractoriness in lymphoma.

Patients and Methods:
In the phase II R2-GDP trial, 78 patients unsuitable for autologous stem cell transplant received treatment with the following schedule: lenalidomide 10 mg Days (D)1–14, rituximab 375 mg/m2 D1, cisplatin 60 mg/m2 D1, gemcitabine 750 mg/m2 D1 and D8, and dexamethasone 20 mg D1–3, up to 6 cycles (induction phase), followed by lenalidomide 10 mg (or last lenalidomide dose received) D1–21 every 28 days (maintenance phase). Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), safety, and monitorization of key circulating immune biomarkers (EU Clinical Trials Register number: EudraCT 2014-001620-29).

Results:
After a median follow-up of 37 months, ORR was 60.2% [37.1% complete responses (CR) and 23.1% partial responses (PR)]. Median OS was 12 months (47 vs. 6 months in CR vs. no CR); median PFS was 9 months (34 vs. 5 months in CR vs. no CR). In the primary refractory population, ORR was 45.5% (21.2% CR and 24.3% PR). Most common grade 3–4 adverse events were thrombocytopenia (60.2%), neutropenia (60.2%), anemia (26.9%), infections (15.3%), and febrile neutropenia (14.1%). Complete responses were associated with a sharp decrease in circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells.

Conclusions:
R2-GDP schedule is feasible and highly active in R/R DLBCL, including the primary refractory population. Immune biomarkers showed differences in responders versus progressors.
Impaired Chromatin Remodeling Predicts Better Survival to Modified Gemcitabine and S-1 plus Nivolumab in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: A Phase II T1219 Study
Authors: Chiang Nai-Jung , Tan Kien Thiam , Bai Li-Yuan , Hsiao Chin-Fu , Huang Chung-Yu , Hung Yi-Ping , Huang Chien-Jui , Chen San-Chi , Shan Yan-Shen , Chao Yee , Huang Yi-Hsiang , Lee I-Cheng , Lee Pei-Chang , Su Yung-Yeh , Chen Shu-Jen , Yeh Chun-Nan , Chen Li-Tzong , Chen Ming-Huang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Modified gemcitabine and S-1 (GS) is an active regimen for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (ABTC) in our previous study. Herein, we report the results of a single-arm phase II of nivolumab plus modified GS (NGS) as first-line treatment in ABTC.

Patients and Methods:
Patients received nivolumab 240 mg and 800 mg/m2 gemcitabine on day 1 plus daily 80/100/120 mg of S-1 (based on body surface area) on days 1 to 10, in a 2-week cycle. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). The correlation between therapeutic efficacy and genetic alterations with signatures identified by targeted next-generation sequencing panels was explored.

Results:
Between December 2019 and December 2020, 48 eligible patients were enrolled. After a median of 17.6 months of follow-up, the ORR was 45.9% [95% confidence interval (CI), 31.4%–60.8%]. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was 9.1 (95% CI, 5.8–9.6) and 19.2 (95% CI, 11.6–not reached) months, respectively. All grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events (AE) were less than 10%, except fatigue (14.6%) and skin rash (10.4%). Eighteen patients (35.4%) experienced immune-related AEs without treatment-related death. High tumor mutational burden (TMB-H; top 20%; ≥7.1 mut/Mb) only predicted prolonged median PFS but not OS. Up to 28.9% of patients who harbored loss-of-function mutations in chromatin remodeling genes demonstrated significantly longer median PFS and OS than those without alterations.

Conclusions:
NGS is a safe and promising regimen in ABTC. Impaired functions of chromatin remodeling genes may be a potential surrogate biomarker with predictive value in this study.