bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and structures of PEBA gas separation membrane modified by fumed silica for oil vapor separation
Authors: Xu Rong , Wang Beifu , Cai Yuting 
Published: January 2022

AbstractComposite membranes were fabricated with polyethersulfone as a microporous substrate and polyether block amide (PEBA) as a selective layer to achieve efficient recovery of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Fumed silica was mixed into PEBA for modification. The top thin layers with different percentage of fumed silica in PEBA were prepared by spin-coating. Structure and performance of membranes with and without a modification were characterized. The results showed that fumed silica in an ultra-thin selective layer significantly influenced the hydrophobicity of the membranes. The higher the content of fumed silica, the higher the hydrophobicity of the membranes was. The maximum content of added fumed silica was 0.6 wt%. When the proportion of fumed silica reached 0.6 wt%, the contact angle could reach 95.8°, which was 56% higher than that of the unmodified one. The structure of the membrane remained unchanged. Moreover, the separation performance was evaluated by removing VOCs from a mixture of oil vapor and nitrogen. The VOCs permeance tended to grow with an increase in the content of fumed silica. When the content was 0.6 wt%, the membrane exhibited better comprehensive performance. Its vapor flux rate was 117.8 ml/min, which was 153% higher than that without a modification. Its separation coefficients for ethane, propane, cyclopropane, isobutane and n-butane were 29.3, 29.9, 24.9, 30.7, and 34.0 respectively.
Early auditory responses to speech sounds in Parkinson’s disease: preliminary data
Authors: Mollaei Fatemeh , Shiller Douglas M. , Baum Shari R. , Gracco Vincent L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD), as a manifestation of basal ganglia dysfunction, is associated with a number of speech deficits, including reduced voice modulation and vocal output. Interestingly, previous work has shown that participants with PD show an increased feedback-driven motor response to unexpected fundamental frequency perturbations during speech production, and a heightened ability to detect differences in vocal pitch relative to control participants. Here, we explored one possible contributor to these enhanced responses. We recorded the frequency-following auditory brainstem response (FFR) to repetitions of the speech syllable [da] in PD and control participants. Participants with PD displayed a larger amplitude FFR related to the fundamental frequency of speech stimuli relative to the control group. The current preliminary results suggest the dysfunction of the basal ganglia in PD contributes to the early stage of auditory processing and may reflect one component of a broader sensorimotor processing impairment associated with the disease.
Rapid de novo discovery of peptidomimetic affinity reagents for human angiotensin converting enzyme 2
Authors: Zhang Genwei , Brown Joseph S. , Quartararo Anthony J. , Li Chengxi , Tan Xuyu , Hanna Stephanie , Antilla Sarah , Cowfer Amanda E. , Loas Andrei , Pentelute Bradley L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRapid discovery and development of serum-stable, selective, and high affinity peptide-based binders to protein targets are challenging. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has recently been identified as a cardiovascular disease biomarker and the primary receptor utilized by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. In this study, we report the discovery of high affinity peptidomimetic binders to ACE2 via affinity selection-mass spectrometry (AS-MS). Multiple high affinity ACE2-binding peptides (ABP) were identified by selection from canonical and noncanonical peptidomimetic libraries containing 200 million members (dissociation constant, KD = 19–123 nM). The most potent noncanonical ACE2 peptide binder, ABP N1 (KD = 19 nM), showed enhanced serum stability in comparison with the most potent canonical binder, ABP C7 (KD = 26 nM). Picomolar to low nanomolar ACE2 concentrations in human serum were detected selectively using ABP N1 in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The discovery of serum-stable noncanonical peptidomimetics like ABP N1 from a single-pass selection demonstrates the utility of advanced AS-MS for accelerated development of affinity reagents to protein targets.
Superhydrophilic edge-rich graphene for the simultaneous and disposable sensing of dopamine, ascorbic acid, and uric acid
Authors: Ma Tuotuo , Meng Jiachen , Song Qiang , Wen Dan 
Published: January 2022

Superhydrophilic free-standing edge-rich graphene film (S-fs-ERG) with abundant edge-rich sites, high conductivity and hierarchical porosity was in situ fabricated for simultaneous and disposable detection of DA, AA and UA with superior performance.
Novel Antidepressants in the Pipeline (Phase II and III): A
Systematic Review of the US Clinical Trials Registry
Authors: Sakurai Hitoshi , Yonezawa Kengo , Tani Hideaki , Mimura Masaru , Bauer Michael , Uchida Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction There is an imminent need for faster-acting and more
effective antidepressants beyond the monoaminergic hypothesis.
Methods We systematically searched the US Clinical Trials registry for
antidepressant compounds with completed phase II and III trials. Compounds that
demonstrated significant superiority over placebo in the primary outcome measure
in the latest phase of phase II and III trials were identified. The collateral
information was gathered via a PubMed search and press releases.
Results Nine compounds were identified. AXS-05 (a combination of
dextromethorphan and bupropion) and ansofaxine hydrochloride showed a positive
result over placebo in a phase III study for major depressive disorder or
treatment-resistant depression. MIJ821, nitrous oxide, psilocybin, ayahuasca,
facial injection of botulinum toxin A, prasterone, and casopitant demonstrated
at least one positive result in phase II trials. Ayahuasca showed a greater
response rate than placebo at week one, indicating the rapid antidepressant
effect.
Discussion These new compounds with novel mechanisms of action are
expected to provide a greater variety of treatment options for depression if
preliminary positive results are confirmed.
Changing Tocolytic Exposures among Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Admitted Preterm Infants
Authors: Jarman Meghan L. , Bennett Monica M. , Louis Judette M. , Clark Reese H. , Tolia Veeral N. , Ahmad Kaashif A. 
Published: January 2022

Objective Since 2010, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology have released three committee opinions to recommend and reaffirm the utility of magnesium sulfate for neuroprotection and later for tocolysis to achieve antenatal steroid course completion in preterm labor. We sought to determine changes in antenatal magnesium sulfate exposure and other tocolytic agents for pregnancies resulting in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)-admitted preterm infants.
Study Design Using the Pediatrix Clinical Data Warehouse, we evaluated all inborn infants delivered between 22 and 33 weeks' gestation and admitted to the intensive care units from 2009 to 2018. We classified patients based on antenatal exposure to tocolytic medications: calcium channel blockers (nifedipine and amlodipine), betamimetics (terbutaline, theophylline, and ritodrine), prostaglandin inhibitors (indomethacin), and magnesium sulfate.
Results A total of 229,781 patients met inclusion criteria. During the study period, magnesium sulfate exposure increased from 27.6 to 57.7% of births while betamimetic exposure decreased from 10.2 to 5.2%. Increasing magnesium sulfate exposure over time was seen at all gestational ages examined and magnesium exposure was most common between 23 and 31 weeks' gestation. By 2017 to 2018, 70.5% of 24 to 29 weeks' gestation NICU infants received exposure to at least one tocolytic agent while this remained at 53.7% of 32 to 33 weeks' NICU admitted infants. Antenatal steroid exposure increased from 74.8 to 87.4% during the study period.
Conclusion For NICU-admitted preterm infants, prenatal exposure patterns to tocolytic agents has shifted since 2009 with prenatal magnesium sulfate exposure increasing significantly. Antenatal steroid exposure has risen concurrently. Exposure to tocolytic agents is the highest among preterm infants born between 24 and 29 weeks' gestation.
Key Points
Spatial stratification and socio-spatial inequalities: the case of Seoul and Busan in South Korea
Authors: Han Seungwoo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study approaches the spatial stratification phenomenon through a data-based social stratification approach. In addition, by applying a dissimilarity-based clustering algorithm, this study analyzes how regions cluster as well as their disparities, thereby analyzing socio-spatial inequalities. Ultimately, through map visualization, this study seeks to visually identify spatial forms of social inequality and gain insight into the social structure for policy implications. The results determine how the regions are socioeconomically structured and identify the social inequalities between the spaces.
Quantifying the effectiveness of betaherpesvirus-vectored transmissible vaccines
Authors: Varrelman Tanner J. , Remien Christopher H. , Basinski Andrew J. , Gorman Shelley , Redwood Alec , Nuismer Scott L. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Spillover of infectious diseases from wildlife populations into humans is an increasing threat to human health and welfare. Current approaches to manage these emerging infectious diseases are largely reactive, leading to deadly and costly time lags between emergence and control. Here, we use mathematical models and data from previously published experimental and field studies to evaluate the scope for a more proactive approach based on transmissible vaccines that eliminates pathogens from wild animal populations before spillover can occur. Our models are focused on transmissible vaccines designed using herpes virus vectors and demonstrate that these vaccines—currently under development for several important human pathogens—may have the potential to rapidly control zoonotic pathogens within the reservoir hosts.
Probing molecular crowding in compressed tissues with Brillouin light scattering
Authors: Yan Guqi , Monnier Sylvain , Mouelhi Malèke , Dehoux Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Volume regulation is key in maintaining important tissue functions, such as growth or healing. In this process, the role of efflux of cellular fluids is difficult to capture due to the lack of apt technologies. Here, we use a tool based on Brillouin light scattering (BLS) that uses the interaction of a laser light with inherent picosecond timescale density fluctuations in the sample. We induced gradual volume decrease in multicellular spheroids using osmotic perturbations. BLS revealed a nonlinear increase of the tissue compressibility due to the subsequent increased biopolymer crowding within the cells. Our findings should inspire research regarding volume regulation and cellular crowding in tissues and stimulate the emergence of models for cell mechanics at short timescales.
NO rapidly mobilizes cellular heme to trigger assembly of its own receptor
Authors: Dai Yue , Faul Emily M. , Ghosh Arnab , Stuehr Dennis J. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Nitric oxide (NO) performs many biological functions, but how it operates at the molecular and cellular levels is not fully understood. We discovered that cell NO generation at physiologic levels triggers a rapid redeployment of intracellular heme, an iron-containing cofactor, and we show that this drives the assembly of the natural NO receptor protein, soluble guanylyl cyclase, which is needed for NO to perform its biological signaling functions. Our study uncovers a way that NO can shape biological signaling processes and a way that cells may use NO to control their hemeprotein activities through deployment of the heme cofactor. These concepts broaden our understanding of NO function in biology and medicine.
Aluminum Cayley trees as scalable, broadband, multiresonant optical antennas
Authors: Simon Thomas , Li Xiaoyan , Martin Jérôme , Khlopin Dmitry , Stéphan Odile , Kociak Mathieu , Gérard Davy 
Published: January 2022

SignificanceOptical antennas perform the same functions for light that aerials do for radio waves; they can extract energy from a propagating electromagnetic field, and they can convert localized energy into propagating radiation. Here, we use a fractal-like design, the Cayley tree, to create optical antennas. Implementing this simple iterative design with aluminum as the antenna material, we demonstrate optical antennas with broadband operating range from energies corresponding to thermal radiation up to ultraviolet. The spatial distribution of electromagnetic energy inside the antennas is experimentally imaged using electron energy loss spectroscopy, a technique allowing direct imaging and spectroscopy at the nanoscale. Such antennas are interesting for applications including photodetection, nonlinear frequency conversion, and infrared absorption spectroscopy.
Injectable amnion hydrogel-mediated delivery of adipose-derived stem cells for osteoarthritis treatment
Authors: Bhattacharjee Maumita , Escobar Ivirico Jorge L. , Kan Ho-Man , Shah Shiv , Otsuka Takayoshi , Bordett Rosalie , Barajaa Mohammed , Nagiah Naveen , Pandey Rishikesh , Nair Lakshmi S. , Laurencin Cato T. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease affecting millions of people worldwide with no curative solution. In the present study, we developed a minimally invasive injectable system using amnion membrane (AM) from the human placenta as a carrier for fat tissue-derived stem cells (adipose-derived stem cells [ADSCs]) to treat OA. Both AM and ADSCs are rich sources of bioactive molecules that can target the sites of inflammation and reduce the inflammation-driven articular cartilage damage. Our study demonstrated the disease-modifying and regenerative potential of AM hydrogel, a comparable regenerative and disease-modifying effect of AM hydrogel and ADSCs, and the synergistic effect of AM with ADSCs in regenerating cartilage and attenuating OA.
Native and nonnative authors in L2 pronunciation
Authors: Levis John M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Achieving nativeness in L2 pronunciation is not critical, nor is it critical for writing about L2 pronunciation. Using the experience of an L2 writer whose paper was rejected because of nonnative written features, this paper argues that it is past time for editors and reviewers to reject nativelike writing as a criterion for acceptance or rejection of an otherwise well-constructed contribution to research.
Social actors in the Singaporean LL
Authors: Tsiola Anna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper examines the uptake and interpretation of the Linguistic Landscape of Singapore by members of the community. The main goal is to explore Singaporeans’ ideologies pertaining to the languages depicted in the LL, as these ideologies instantiate themselves through interview discourses focusing on the signs. More specifically, participants’ ideologies emerge through the indexicalities they assign to the various languages and semiotic signs depicted in the LL, indexicalities such as globalness, localness, and prestige.
Experimental dielectronic recombination rate coefficients for lithium-like 40Ca17+
Authors: Khan Nadir , Huang Zhong-Kui , Wen Wei-Qiang , Wang Shu-Xing , Chen Chong-Yang , Zhang Chun-Yu , Wang Han-Bing , Liu Xin , Ma Wan-Lu , Chen Dong-Yang , Yao Ke , Zhao Dong-Mei , Mao Li-Jun , Ma Xiao-Ming , Li Jie , Tang Mei-Tang , Yin Da-Yu , Yuan You-Jin , Yang Jian-Cheng , Zhu Lin-Fan , Ma Xin-Wen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The rate coefficients for dielectronic recombination (DR) of lithium-like 40Ca17+ ions with ∆n = 0 core excitations are derived from electron–ion recombination spectra measured with merged-beams method at the heavy-ion storage ring CSRm. The experimental DR spectrum, in the electron–ion collision energy range of 0 to 42 eV in the center-of-mass frame, comprises of all DR resonance peaks belong to the 2s
2
S
1/2 → 2p
2
P
1/2, 3/2 core excitations. The resonant energies and strengths for the resolved resonances in 2pjnl series are determined by fitting of the measured DR peaks. The further interpretation of the measured DR rate coefficients has been performed by calculating the DR rate coefficients with relativistic configuration-interaction method implemented in flexible atomic code (FAC) and compared with the experimental results. The experimental results and FAC calculations are found to be in a good agreement within the experimental uncertainties. Moreover, temperature dependent plasma rate coefficients were constructed from 4 × 103 to 1 × 107 K energy region by convoluting experimental and theoretical DR rate coefficients with the Maxwellian energy distribution function and then compared with previously available data. The plasma DR rate coefficient is found to be significantly underestimated by the early theoretical data calculated by Jacobs et al, and Mazotta et al in the low temperature. In contrast, a very good agreement has been found between the theoretical DR data of Gu and Colgan et al and the presently measured results at the low temperature region. Therefore, the results in this work composed of a bench-mark data set for plasma modeling at the photoionized temperature range. We have also provided a fit to our measured and theoretical plasma rate coefficients for low temperature plasma modeling.
Chemical vapor deposited WS2/MoS2 heterostructure photodetector with enhanced photoresponsivity
Authors: Zhang Yudong , Chen Yukun , Qian Min , Xie Haifen , Mu Haichuan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted great interest due to their unique semiconductor properties. Among all TMDC materials, MoS2 and WS2 are promising for composing heterostructures. However, traditional TMDC heterostructure fabrication depends on transfer process, with drawbacks of interface impurity and small size. In this work, a two-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process was applied to synthesize large-scale WS2/MoS2 heterostructure. Surface morphology and crystal structure characterizations demonstrate the high-quality WS2/MoS2 heterostructure. The WS2/MoS2 heterostructure photodetector fabricated by photolithography exhibits an enhanced photoresponsivity up to 370 A W−1 in comparison with single WS2 or MoS2 devices. This study suggests a direct CVD growth of large-scale TMDC heterostructure films with clean interface. The built-in electric field at interface contributes to the separation of photo-generated electron–hole pairs, leading to enhanced photocurrent and responsivity, and showing promising potentials in photo-electric applications.
Radiation electron trajectory modulated DC surface flashover of polyimide in vacuum
Authors: Wang Xiaoping , Zheng Shusai , Li Zhen , Pan Shaoming , Fan Weibo , Min Daomin , Li Shengtao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Improving surface flashover voltage on vacuum-dielectric interface irradiated by electrons is a long-standing challenge for developing high-voltage and high-power spacecraft technology. The basic issue is understanding the role of radiation electrons in the process of surface flashover. In this paper, a ‘three-segment’ curve concerning the surface flashover properties under electron irradiation is discovered experimentally. As the gap distance of electrodes increase, the surface flashover voltage of polyimide during electron irradiation presents a trend of firstly increasing, then decreasing, and finally stabilizing. According to the simulation of the trajectory distribution for kinetic electrons, this trend is found to correspond with three typical stages respectively. In stage A, the kinetic electrons are completely deflected and the varying electrode parameters mainly affect the electric field distribution. In stage B, the kinetic electrons can irradiate the part of polyimide. The promoting effect of those electrons on flashover process enhance with the enlargement of the irradiated region. In stage C, trajectories are no longer seriously deflected and the role of kinetic electrons do not vary with electrode parameters. Combining with the results above, a model with combined effects of both kinetic and deposited electrons on surface flashover in vacuum is thus proposed, base on which the guidance for the methods of improving surface flashover voltage during electron irradiation is provided.
Investigation of anisotropic mechanical, electronic, and charge carrier transport properties of germanium-pnictogen monolayers
Authors: Abboud M , Ozbey D H , Kilic M E , Durgun E 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recently, novel two-dimensional (2D) GeP and GeAs systems have been fabricated by mechanical exfoliation and utilized in various applications. These developments have brought the 2D germanium-pnictogens, C2/m-GeX (X = N, P, As, Sb, and Bi) structures into the limelight. In this study, we systematically investigate the structural, mechanical, electronic, and charge carrier transport properties of GeX monolayers by using first-principles methods. Our results show that the considered systems are dynamically stable and possess anisotropic physical properties. Examined structures are found to be flexible, and their mechanical strength and stiffness decrease down the group-V, in line with the trends of the bond strength, cohesive energy, charge transfer, and electron localization function. Additionally, the zigzag in-plane direction is mechanically superior to the armchair direction. The electronic band structure calculations based on HSE06 hybrid functional with the inclusion of spin–orbit coupling indicate that GeX monolayers are either direct or quasi-direct semiconductors with band gaps lying within the infrared and visible spectrum. The estimated charge carrier mobilities are highly anisotropic and also differ significantly depending on the structure and carrier type. These unique properties render GeX monolayers as suitable 2D materials for flexible nanoelectronic applications.
Non-equilibrium thermoelectric transport across normal metal–quantum dot–superconductor hybrid system within the Coulomb blockade regime
Authors: Verma Sachin , Singh Ajay 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A detailed investigation of the non-equilibrium steady-state electric and thermoelectric transport properties of a quantum dot (QD) coupled to the normal metallic and s-wave superconducting reservoirs (N–QD–S) are provided within the Coulomb blockade regime. Using non-equilibrium Keldysh Green’s function formalism, initially, various model parameter dependences of thermoelectric transport properties are analysed within the linear response regime. It is observed that the single-particle tunnelling close to the superconducting gap edge can generate a relatively large thermopower and figure of merit. Moreover, the Andreev tunnelling plays a significant role in the suppression of thermopower and figure of merit within the gap region. Further, within the non-linear regime, we discuss two different situations, i.e., the finite voltage biasing between isothermal reservoirs and the finite thermal gradient in the context of thermoelectric heat engine. In the former case, it is shown that the sub-gap Andreev heat current can become finite beyond the linear response regime and play a vital role in asymmetric heat dissipation and thermal rectification effect for low voltage biasing. The rectification of heat current is enhanced for strong on-dot Coulomb interaction and at low background thermal energy. In the latter case, we study the variation of thermovoltage, thermopower, maximum power output, and corresponding efficiency with the applied thermal gradient. These results illustrate that hybrid superconductor–QD nanostructures are promising candidates for the low-temperature thermal applications.