bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index is related to the risk of stroke‐associated pneumonia
Authors: Dai Caijun , Yan Dan , Xu Minjie , Huang Qiqi , Ren Wenwei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundStroke‐associated pneumonia (SAP) occurs frequently after a stroke. Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a valuable indicator of elderly individuals’ nutritional status. This research was designed to obtain insight into the link between GNRI and SAP.MethodsPatients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were categorized into the SAP and non‐SAP groups. GNRI scores were divided into four layers: Q1, GNRI < 82; Q2, 82≤ GNRI < 92; Q3, 92≤ GNRI ≤98; Q4, GNRI > 98. To identify the independent risk and protective factors of developing SAP, logistic regression analyses were conducted. Additionally, we utilized the restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis to test the effect of GNRI on the SAP risk.ResultsThe SAP group showed lower GNRI scores than the non‐SAP group (96.88 ± 9.36 vs. 100.88 ± 8.25, p  <  0.001). According to the logistic regression model, the Q1 and Q2 layers showed a higher risk of SAP than the Q3 layer, while the Q4 layer showed a lower SAP risk (all p < 0.05). Besides, the RCS model found that the risk of SAP dropped dramatically as GNRI scores increased, which got stable when the GNRI score was more significant than 100.ConclusionLower GNRI scores were linked to a higher prevalence of SAP. In clinical practice, GNRI showed predictive value for SAP, which could be helpful in early SAP intervention and therapy.
CINSARC in high‐risk soft tissue sarcoma patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: Results from the ISG‐STS 1001 study
Authors: Frezza Anna Maria , Stacchiotti Silvia , Chibon Frederic , Coindre Jean‐Michelle , Italiano Antoine , Romagnosa Cleofe , Bagué Silvia , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Braglia Luca , Palmerini Emanuela , Quagliuolo Vittorio , Broto Javier Martin , Lopez Pousa Antonio , Grignani Giovanni , Brunello Antonella , Blay Jean‐Yves , Beveridge Robert Diaz , Lugowska Iwona , Lesluyes Tom , Maestro Roberta , Merlo Franco Domenico , Casali Paolo Giovanni , Gronchi Alessandro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Complexity INdex in SARComas (CINSARC) is a transcriptional signature derived from the expression of 67 genes involved in mitosis control and chromosome integrity. This study aims to assess CINSARC value of in an independent series of high‐risk patients with localized soft tissue sarcoma (STS) treated with preoperative chemotherapy within a prospective, randomized, phase III study (ISG‐STS 1001).Patients and MethodsPatients with available pre‐treatment samples, treated with 3 cycles of either standard (ST) preoperative or histotype‐tailored (HT) chemotherapy, were scored according to CINSARC (low‐risk, C1; high‐risk, C2). The 10‐year overall survival probability (pr‐OS) according to SARCULATOR was calculated, and patients were classified accordingly (low‐risk, Sarc‐LR, 10‐year pr‐OS>60%; high‐risk, Sarc‐HR, 10‐year pr‐OS<60%). Survival functions were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using log‐rank test.ResultsEighty‐six patients were included, 30 C1 and 56 C2, 49 Sarc‐LR and 37 Sarc‐HR. A low level of agreement between CINSARC and SARCULATOR was observed (Cohen's Kappa = 0.174). The 5‐year relapse‐free survival in C1 and C2 were 0.57 and 0.55 (p = 0.481); 5‐year metastases‐free survival 0.63 and 0.64 (p = 0.740); 5‐year OS 0.80 and 0.72 (p = 0.460). The 5‐year OS in C1 treated with ST and HT chemotherapy was 0.84 and 0.76 (p = 0.251) respectively; in C2 treated it was 0.72 and 0.70 (p = 0.349). The 5‐year OS in Sarc‐LR treated with S and HT chemotherapy was 0.80 and 0.82 (p = 0.502) respectively; in Sarc‐HR it was 0.70 and 0.61 (p = 0.233).ConclusionsOur results, although constrained by the small size of the series, suggest that CINSARC has weak prognostic power in high‐risk, localized STS treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Intelligent physical activity versus modified behavioral activation in adolescent and young adult cancer patients with psychological distress: A randomized, controlled pilot trial
Authors: Li Lijun , Wang Lu , Duan Yinglong , Xiao Panpan , Zhou Yi , Luo Xiaofei , Liu Xiangyu , Xie Jianfei , Cheng Andy S. K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundMore than 80% of adolescent and young adult cancer patients (AYACPs) experienced psychological distress. Physical activity and behavioral activation are effective to relieve the psychological distress in AYACPs.MethodsParticipants aged 15–39 years diagnosed with malignant tumors were included. A total of 143 eligible AYACPs were randomly assigned to three groups. The treatment‐as‐usual group (N = 48) received routine care, the physical activity group (N = 47) received 8 weeks of physical activity program based on intelligent wearable devices, and the behavioral activation group (N = 48) received an internet‐based modified behavioral activation program for 8 weeks. Objective outcome measures included salivary cortisol and testosterone.ResultsLinear mixed‐model analyses showed significant differences between treatment‐as‐usual, physical activity and behavioral activation in salivary cortisol, as well as total scores on depression and anxiety, physical activity, self‐efficacy, and social support. Significantly stronger effect sizes for physical activity group compared with behavioral activation group were found on physical activity (d = 0.53) (1 week after intervention), moderate activity (d = 0.61), and walking activity (d = 0.57) (3‐month follow‐up).ConclusionsIntelligent, wearable, device‐based physical activity program is more effective in alleviating anxiety and depression, reducing saliva cortisol, and improving physical activity in AYACPs than internet‐based modified behavioral activation program. Intelligent, wearable, device‐based physical activity program can reduce the time cost of AYACPs to ensure that the intervention is carried out.
Delayed, recurrent bile leak from isolated right posterior sectoral duct injury after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: An unusual presentation
Authors: Sharma Amit , Ruch Brianna , Alwatari Yahya , Lele Sonia , Bouhaidar Doumit S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBile leak after cholecystectomy is associated with significant comorbidity. Biliary duct variant anatomy can complicate identification and management. We report a very rare presentation of recurrent delayed bile leaks years after laparoscopic cholecystectomy secondary to missed right posterior sectoral bile duct injury. Surgical intervention was required after the failure of conservative management.
Acute arthritis revealing Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Authors: Slouma Maroua , Mehmli Takwa , Ben Dhia Siwar , Metoui Leila , Dhahri Rim , Gharsallah Imen , Louzir Bassem 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRheumatic manifestations can reveal hypothyroidism, such as arthritis and nonspecific musculoskeletal symptoms. We report herein the case of an acute polyarthritis revealing Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Hormone replacement therapy leads to the resolution of arthritis related to HT, suggesting the role of thyroid hormone in the pathogenesis of arthritis.
Report of two cases of myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcomas with preceding hematolymphoid neoplasms: Is there any association?
Authors: Aminparast Zahra , Sadeghi Masoud , Ramezani Mazaher 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMyxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma (MIFS) is an uncommon soft tissue sarcoma. We present two cases of MIFS: A known case of Hodgkin‘s lymphoma presented with hand mass; a recurrence of MIFS with a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Cardiac Metastases from Choroidal Melanoma
Authors: Madani Ammar , Omar Nabil E. , Mustafa Ghulam , Petkar Mahir , Mohamed Samah , Al kuwari Maryam , Karim Sabir Abdul , Mohsen Reyad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn patients with uveal melanoma, cardiac metastases can present without any symptoms. It is becoming more common than previously thought and highlights the importance of routine surveillance after definitive treatment.
Yolk‐Shell Spindle‐Shaped FeSe2@N‐Doped Carbon Decorated on rGO with High‐Rate Capability and Cycling Stability in a Wide Temperature Range for Sodium Ion Batteries**
Authors: Zhang Chenyan , Fan Shaoxiong , Zhang Xuanning , Xu Jie , Yang Shuya , Han Zhiyuan , Li Qiang , Cao Derang , Xu Jie , Wang Xia , Li Shandong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIron selenides (FeSe2) have been utilized in sodium ion batteries due to abundant reserves of elements and ideal specific capacities. However, they suffer from volume expansion and low electrical conductivity, limiting their application. In this study, multiple strategies including fabrication of hollow FeSe2 nanospindles and N‐doping carbon (NC) coating, accompanied by the introduction of highly conductive and flexible reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were adopted to construct a yolk‐shell spindle‐shaped FeSe2@NC with rGO composite, abbreviated as YS‐FeSe2@NC@rGO, in which the hollow structure can provide more space for volume expansion to guarantee the structural stability and the coating of double‐layer carbon is favorable to accelerate reaction kinetics, stabilizing the solid electrolyte interfaces (SEI) film. Accordingly, the YS‐FeSe2@NC@rGO electrode for sodium ion battery shows capacity of 639.1 mAh g−1 (565.6 mAh cm−2) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1. Even at a high current density of 10 A g−1, the specific capacity after 880 cycles is 320.7 mAh g−1 (283.9 mAh cm−2). Moreover, the YS‐FeSe2@NC@rGO composite holds high Na+ diffusion coefficients (DNa+, 1.17×10−12–2.617×10−11 cm−2 s−1). The YS‐FeSe2@NC@rGO//NVP/C full cell also maintains a discharge capacity of 252.6 mAh g−1 after 135 cycles. Furthermore, the YS‐FeSe2@NC@rGO composite anode is capable of retaining high‐rate capability and capacity retention in a wide temperature range. Therefore, the excellent sodium storage performance makes the YS‐FeSe2@NC@rGO composite a desirable anode material for sodium ion batteries.
Ionic Conductivity Enhancement Achieved by Binder in Electrodes and Its Influence in Supercapacitor
Authors: Jia Yuan , Yang Dan , Zhang Lei , Shi Ying , Xie Jianjun , Lei Fang , Fan Lingcong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIonic conductivity is a critical factor affecting the electrochemical performance of double layer capacitor. Therefore, additional ion transport channels are introduced by using Nafion as binder in electrode. In this study, carbonized maple as active substance was mixed with binder of Nafion or PVDF to form electrodes. The electrode structures were obtained by scanning electron microscopy and N2 adsorption‐desorption isotherms with the aim of clarifying negligible differences in the microstructure and binding strength of electrodes with different binders. Furthermore, the two electrodes with different binders tested in KOH exhibited similar electrochemical properties. However, in H2SO4 electrolyte, the electrode containing Nafion showed a much higher specific capacitance than that of electrode using PVDF binder. To directly prove the high ionic conductivity of Nafion electrode, concentration battery was constructed using the two electrodes as separators to investigate their liquid junction potential. This study focused on the ionic conduction in electrodes, which could provide suggestions for electrode design, especially for the utilization of commercial supercapacitors.
Synthesis and Application of a Clickable Epoxomicin‐Based Probe for Proteasome Activity Analysis
Authors: Salazar‐Chaparro Andres F. , Halder Saayak , Trader Darci J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe proteasome is a multisubunit protein complex responsible for the degradation of proteins, making it essential in myriad cellular processes. Several reversible and irreversible peptide substrates inspired by known proteasome inhibitors have been developed to visualize it and monitor its activity; however, they have limited commercial availability or possess fluorophores that overlap with other known chemical probes, limiting their simultaneous use. The protocols presented here describe the synthesis of a clickable epoxomicin‐based probe followed by the copper‐catalyzed installment of an azide‐containing fluorophore, and the application of the synthesized peptide in proteasome activity assays by SDS‐PAGE and flow cytometry. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Solid‐phase synthesis of clickable peptide fragment (2)Basic Protocol 2: In‐solution coupling of epoxy‐ketone moiety to fragment (2)Basic Protocol 3: Copper‐catalyzed click reaction of (3) with fluorophore of choiceBasic Protocol 4: Monitoring proteasome activity by SDS‐PAGE in HEK‐293T cellsAlternate Protocol: Monitoring proteasome activity by flow cytometry in HEK‐293T cells
An enhanced Gray Wolf Optimization for cluster head selection in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Muniraj Ashokkumar , Jeyaswamidoss Jeba Emilyn 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThe energy efficiency sustenance in wireless sensor networks completely depends on the process of clustering to prolong network lifetime. The success of this clustering process completely depends on the cluster head (CH) selection process as potential CH selection prevents frequent clustering and aids in maintaining maximized energy in the network. In this paper, an improved Game Theory‐Gray Wolf Optimization algorithm (GAGWO)‐based efficient CH selection strategy is improved for maintaining the energy in the network through the construction of equal size clusters. This GWOA mimicked the hunting and attacking characteristics of gray wolves and facilitated better CH selection, which completely prevented worst sensor nodes from being selected as CH. It is proposed for establishing a better trade‐off between the local and global search for the objective of preventing re‐clustering that unnecessarily drains network energy. The simulation results of the proposed GAGWO confirmed better performance in terms of network lifetime, energy stability, mean throughput, and packet delivery ratio, on an average by 23.18%, 21.86%, 19.84%, and 20.98%, compared to the baseline CH approaches used for investigation.
Phylogenomics of trophically diverse cichlids disentangles processes driving adaptive radiation and repeated trophic transitions
Authors: Singh Pooja , Irisarri Iker , Torres‐Dowdall Julián , Thallinger Gerhard G. , Svardal Hannes , Lemmon Emily Moriarty , Lemmon Alan R. , Koblmüller Stephan , Meyer Axel , Sturmbauer Christian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCichlid fishes of the tribe Tropheini are a striking case of adaptive radiation, exemplifying multiple trophic transitions between herbivory and carnivory occurring in sympatry with other established cichlid lineages. Tropheini evolved highly specialized eco‐morphologies to exploit similar trophic niches in different ways repeatedly and rapidly. To better understand the evolutionary history and trophic adaptations of this lineage, we generated a dataset of 532 targeted loci from 21 out of the 22 described Tropheini species. We resolved the Tropheini into seven monophyletic genera and discovered one to be polyphyletic. The polyphyletic genus,Petrochromis, represents three convergent origins of the algae grazing trophic specialization. This repeated evolution of grazing may have been facilitated by adaptive introgression as we found evidence for gene flow among algae grazing genera. We also found evidence of gene flow among algae browsing genera, but gene flow was restricted between herbivorous and carnivorous genera. Furthermore, we observed no evidence supporting a hybrid origin of this radiation. Our molecular evolutionary analyses suggest that opsin genes likely evolved in response to selection pressures associated with trophic ecology in the Tropheini. We found surprisingly little evidence of positive selection in coding regions of jaw‐shaping genes in this trophically diverse lineage. This suggests low degrees of freedom for further change in these genes, and possibly a larger role for regulatory variation in driving jaw adaptations. Our study emphasizes Tropheini cichlids as an important model for studying the evolution of trophic specialization and its role in speciation.
Social innovation in a typical social‐ecological system in China: Identifying linkages between the dependence of key stakeholders on ecosystem services and the level of their multi‐dimensional human well‐being
Authors: Xu Jianying , Nijnik Maria , Cao Mengqi , Zhang Xiaojing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLinkages between ecosystem services and human well‐being are complex. These linkages are of particular significance to disadvantaged communities, commonly residing in marginalized rural areas, and having difficulties regarding biophysical factors, infrastructure, housing, and aging populations. In this paper, we focused on such a typical area in Southwestern China, where we examined the linkages between ecosystem services and human well‐being, underpinning our investigation by the social innovation theory and a social‐ecological system framework. Going beyond what has been done by other scientists, we considered the heterogeneity of beneficiaries and assessed human well‐being as it was valued by people, on the ground. We did it with full realization that stakeholder evaluation is becoming a novel means and an important instrument for targeting sustainability. The identification of key stakeholders in the Wolong Nature Reserve was the first step in our research. We categorized and classified the stakeholders into groups based on their dependence on ecosystem services and their socio‐economic characteristics. Significant differentiations among human well‐being were found, and stakeholders with heterogeneous socio‐economic characteristics had a varied dependence on specific ecosystem services. Further, the regression analysis performed revealed key factors that would mediate the level of human well‐being at the local level. The factors identified included the dependence of people on regulating and cultural services, their level of education, knowledge and occupation. Our results have contributed to discerning key stakeholders for ecosystem management purposes and determining the driving factors mediating the linkages between ecosystem services and human well‐being. Thus, in addition to contribution to science, the results have potential practical implications for steering a more sustainable governance of nature in areas that are similar to this typical socio‐ecological system in China.
Design of experiment techniques for the optimization of chromatographic analysis conditions: A review
Authors: Peng Le , Gao Xin , Wang Long , Zhu Aiqiang , Cai Xiang , Li Pian , Li Wenlong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDesign of experiment (DoE) techniques have been widely used in the field of chromatographic parameters optimization as a valuable tool. A systematic literature review of the available DoE techniques applied to the development of a chromatographic analysis method is presented in this paper. First, the most common available designs and the implementation steps of DoE are comprehensively introduced. Then the studies in recent 10 years for the application of DoE techniques in various chromatographic techniques are discussed, such as capillary electrophoresis, liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, thin‐layer chromatography, and high‐speed countercurrent chromatography. Current problems and future outlooks are finally given to provide a certain inspiration of research in the application of DoE techniques to the different chromatographic techniques field. This review contributes to a better understanding of the DoE techniques for the efficient optimization of chromatographic analysis conditions, especially for the analysis of complex systems, such as multicomponent drugs and natural products.
Digital Video Acquisition and Optimization Techniques for Effective Animal Tracking in Behavioral Ecotoxicology
Authors: Henry Jason , Bai Yutao , Wlodkowic Donald 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Behavioral phenotypic analysis is an emerging and increasingly important toolbox in aquatic ecotoxicology. In this regard digital video recording has recently become a standard in obtaining behavioral data. Subsequent analysis requires applications of specialized software for detecting and reconstructing animal locomotory trajectories as well as extracting quantitative biometric endpoints associated with specific behavioral traits. Despite some profound advantages for behavioral ecotoxicology, there is a notable lack of standardization of procedures and guidelines that would aid in consistently acquiring high-quality digital videos. The latter are fundamental for using animal tracking software successfully and to avoid issues such as identification switching, incorrect interpolation, and low tracking visibility. Achieving an optimized tracking not only saves user time and effort to analyze the results but also provides high-fidelity data with minimal artifacts. In the present study we, for the first time, provide an easily accessible guide on how to set up and optimize digital video acquisition while minimizing pitfalls in obtaining the highest-quality data for subsequent animal tracking. We also discuss straightforward digital video postprocessing techniques that can be employed to further enhance tracking consistency or improve the videos that were acquired in otherwise suboptimal settings. The present study provides an essential guidebook for any aquatic ecotoxicology studies that utilize digital video acquisition systems for evaluation of behavioral endpoints. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2342–2352. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
MXene based nanocomposite films
Authors: Li Lei , Cheng Qunfeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSince the first report in 2011, two‐dimensional transition metal carbide/nitride MXenes have aroused widespread attention owing to the particular structure and physiochemical properties. In the last few years, MXene‐based nanocomposite films have been widely investigated, showing promising applications in many fields. However, poor mechanical properties and thermal/electrical conductivities of MXene‐based nanocomposite films still limited their practical applications. Herein, we summarize the fabrication approach of MXene‐based nanocomposite films and discuss the mechanical properties and other applications, including electromagnetic interference shielding, thermal conductivity, and supercapacitors. Then, several vital factors for fabricating high performance MXene based nanocomposite films have been refined. To further fabricate high performance MXene‐based nanocomposite films, some effective sequential bridging strategies are also discussed. Lastly, a conclusion of the challenges and opportunities of MXene‐based nanocomposite films is provided to facilitate their development and application for various purposes in the future of scientific research.