bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Red meat consumption and risk for dyslipidaemia and inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Le , Yuan Jia-Lin , Chen Qiu-Cen , Xiao Wen-Kang , Ma Gui-Ping , Liang Jia-Hua , Chen Xiao-Kun , Wang Song , Zhou Xiao-Xiong , Wu Hui , Hong Chuang-Xiong 
Published: September 2022

AimThe study (PROSPERO: CRD42021240905) aims to reveal the relationships among red meat, serum lipids and inflammatory biomarkers.Methods and resultsPubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane databases were explored through December 2021 to identify 574 studies about red meat and serum lipids markers including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), C-reactive protein (CRP) or hypersensitive-CRP (hs-CRP). Finally, 20 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1001 people were included, red meat and serum lipid markers and their relevant information was extracted. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) was obtained by applying a random-effects model, and subgroup analyses and meta-regression were employed to explain the heterogeneity. Compared with white meat or grain diets, the gross results showed that the consumption of red meat increased serum lipid concentrations like TG (0.29 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.14, 0.44,P&lt;0.001), but did not significantly influence the TC (0.13 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.07, 0.33, P = 0.21), LDL-C (0.11 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.23, 0.45, P = 0.53), HDL-C (−0.07 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.31, 0.17, P = 0.57),CRP or hs-CRP (0.13 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.10, 0.37,P = 0.273).ConclusionOur study provided evidence to the fact that red meat consumption affected serum lipids levels like TG, but almost had no effect on TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and CRP or hs-CRP. Such diets with red meat should be taken seriously to avoid the problem of high lipid profiles.Systematic review registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO], identifier [CRD42021240905].
A comparative study on initial developments between explosive and nonexplosive cyclones off the East Asian coast in winter
Authors: Gao Xiaoyu , Lu Ping , Zhang Shuqin , Hu Yang , Fu Gang , Sun Xiaoyan , Zhang Qiuyang 
Published: September 2022

Explosive cyclones (ECs) pose serious challenges for weather forecasting and significant threats to human life and property. In searching for the key points that make a cyclone go through explosive deepening off the East Asian coast, we present a comparative analysis of ECs and nonexplosive cyclones (or ordinary cyclones; OCs) using 10 years of ERA5 reanalysis data with high temporal and spatial resolutions. Their differences in synoptic backgrounds are shown, and mechanisms of the initial developments are compared quantitatively from the perspective of potential vorticity (PV). Among the identified 135 cyclones, 72 went through explosive growth and 37.5/36.1/20.8/5.6% of these ECs are ranked as weak/medium/strong/super ECs. ECs feature stronger low-level baroclinicity and higher PV than OCs. The decomposition of the local PV tendency shows the dominant role of the PV advection (with a correlation coefficient of 0.8). During the initial development, ECs have an average meridional temperature contrast 4 K larger than OCs within 20 latitudes at the low troposphere in the upstream, due to a stronger cold advection. The upstream colder air increases the horizontal temperature gradient and thus produces steeper isentropic surfaces inclining to the west. Since the PV intrusion is mainly along the isentropic surfaces, the increase in their slope significantly enhances the downward transport of PV from upper air. The importance of the horizontal gradient of potential temperature is further proved by numerical experiments with the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model on typical winter ECs. In sensitivity experiments, the low troposphere meridional temperature contrast decreasing by the average difference between ECs and OCs significantly decreases PV and stops the cyclones from explosive deepening. Despite the importance of diabatic processes in the deepening of mid-latitude cyclones emphasized by many studies, this study shows that the PV intrusion dominated by cold air mass is the key cause of winter explosive cyclogenesis in this region.
Fragmentation analyses of rocks under high-velocity impacts using the combined finite-discrete element simulation
Authors: Yang Tao , Ma Hui , Weng Lei , Liu Yang , Chu Zhaofei , Zhang Penglin , Jin Gang , Chang Weixue 
Published: September 2022

The impact-induced fragmentation of rock blocks is frequently encountered when the natural hazards (e.g., rockfalls, rockslides, and rock avalanches) occur in mountainous areas. To address the progressive damage and cracking characteristics of rock upon impacting, this paper presents a three-dimensional finite-discrete method (3D-FDEM) study on the complex impact-induced fragmentation process of rock. The influences of the impact velocity on the dynamic fragmentation process, damage evolution, fragment characteristics, fragment flying velocity, and angle were systematically investigated. The parameters as input for simulation were first calibrated by the 3D uniaxial compression tests and rock-impact tests. Then, the complex fragmentation process of rock samples subjected to different impact velocities (i.e., 20–80 m/s) was simulated. The numerical results show that the number of cohesive elements following shear-dominated failures gradually increases with increasing the impact velocity. The fractal method can well describe the distribution of the equivalent fragment length, and the variations of the fractal dimension are consistent with that of the damage ratio, increasing with impact velocity. Both the average and maximum flying velocities of the fragments increase linearly with increasing impact velocity. However, the average flying angle of the fragments shows a sharp increase and then slight increase with increasing the impact velocity.
Analysis of thyroid involvement in children and adult Langerhans cell histiocytosis: An underestimated endocrine manifestation
Authors: Li Yuanmeng , Chang Long , Chai Xiaofeng , Liu He , Yang Hongbo , Xia Yu , Huo Li , Zhang Hui , Li Naishi , Lian Xiaolan 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease caused by the clonal expansion of CD1a+/CD207+ LCH cells. The thyroid involvement in LCH has mostly been described in case reports.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of 27 children and adult patients with thyroid LCH in our center between 2010 and 2021.ResultsThe incidence of thyroid LCH was 14.00% (7/50) in children and 10.10% (20/198) in adults, respectively. Among patients with thyroid involvement, 81.5% presented with diabetes insipidus (DI) as the first symptom, and 51.9% complained of neck swelling or mass. Children and adults with thyroid LCH had higher frequencies of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA) (children: 100% vs. 62.8%, P=0.05; adult: 95% vs. 42.1%, P&lt;0.001), the lung (children: 85.7% vs. 25.6%, P=0.004; adult: 70% vs. 50.6%, P=0.099), and a lower frequency of bone (children: 14.3% vs. 55.8%, P=0.049; adult: 45% vs. 73.6%, P=0.008) involvement than patients without thyroid involvement. Patients with thyroid LCH had a higher frequency of primary hypothyroidism and a lower frequency of euthyroidism than patients without it. The two major types of ultrasound imaging were diffuse (55%) and nodular type (45%). The standardized uptake value of thyroid on 18-F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography was 5.3–12.8. The diagnoses were confirmed using thyroid aspiration (54.5%) or surgery (45.5%). In addition, thyroid LCH combined with papillary thyroid carcinoma was not rare (2/27).ConclusionThyroid involvement in LCH is not rare. Furthermore, identifying thyroid involvement can facilitate the pathological diagnosis of LCH. Therefore, the possibility of thyroid LCH should be fully investigated in patients with DI, primary hypothyroidism, abnormal thyroid ultrasound results, and multi-system disease. In addition, thyroid aspiration can confirm suspected thyroid LCH. Finally, special attention should be paid to evaluating HPA and pulmonary involvement in thyroid LCH.
Concentration and inorganic elemental analysis of particulate matter in a road tunnel environment (Žilina, Slovakia): Contribution of non-exhaust sources
Authors: Jandacka Dusan , Durcanska Daniela , Cibula Robert 
Published: September 2022

Particulate matter (PM) is present in the surrounding air. The tunnel environment is no exception, where the PM source is road traffic. In a broader sense, the tunnel can be described as a separate point source of air pollution from which PM pollutants spread to the portal parts and the external environment. PM originates from the exhaust and non-exhaust processes of road traffic (brake wear, tire wear, road surface wear, and road dust re-suspension). This study deals with the specification of non-exhaust PM emissions in a tunnel environment where the primary source is road traffic. PM measurements took place in the “Považský Chlmec” highway tunnel with a length of 2,118 m directly in the tunnel tube and near the tunnel portal. PM measurements were performed using gravimetric and optical methods. PM chemical analyses were performed using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). The concentration of PM in the tunnel was on average: PM10 = 30.76 μg/m3 and PM2.5 = 15.66 μg/m3 and near the tunnel portal PM10 = 14.38 μg/m3 and PM2.5 = 8.74 μg/m3. The average traffic volume in the tunnel tube was 2,274 veh/24 h. Using EDXRF, the main chemical elements Al, Br, Ca, Cl, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Si, S, Ti, and Zn were identified in the PM. Chemical element concentrations in PM10 and PM2.5 were subjected to factor analysis (FA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the origin of PM. Two sources were identified for PM10 and three for PM2.5. Absolute principal component scores (APCS) in conjunction with multiple regression analysis (MRA) were used to determine the source contribution to the production of PM10 and PM2.5.
Identification of CD161 expression as a novel prognostic biomarker in breast cancer correlated with immune infiltration
Authors: Weng Miaomiao , Xie Hui , Zheng Mingjie , Hou Xinwen , Wang Shui , Huang Yue 
Published: September 2022

Background:CD161 has been identified as a prognostic biomarker in many neoplasms, but its role in breast cancer (BC) has not been fully explained. We aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism and prognostic value of CD161 in BC.Methods:CD161 expression profile was extracted from TIMER, Oncomine, UALCAN databases, and verified by the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The prognostic value of CD161 was assessed via GEPIA, Kaplan–Meier plotter and PrognoScan databases. The Cox regression and nomogram analyses were conducted to further validate the association between CD161 expression and survival. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed to probe the tumor-associated annotations of CD161. CIBERSORT and ssGSEA were employed to investigate the correlation between CD161 expression and immune cell infiltration in BC, and the result was verified by TIMER and TISIDB.Results: Multiple BC cohorts showed that CD161 expression was decreased in BC, and a high CD161 expression was associated with a preferable prognosis. Therefore, we identified the combined model including CD161, age and PR status to predict the survival (C index = 0.78) of BC patients. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that CD161 and its co-expressed genes were closely related to several cancerous and immune signaling pathways, suggesting its involvement in immune response during cancer development. Moreover, immune infiltration analysis revealed that CD161 expression was correlated with immune infiltration.Conclusion: Collectively, our findings revealed that CD161 may serve as a potential biomarker for favorable prognosis and a promising immune therapeutic target in BC.
Characterization of age-related immune features after autologous NK cell infusion: Protocol for an open-label and randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tang Xiaofeng , Deng Biaolong , Zang Aiping , He Xiaowen , Zhou Ye , Wang Daimeng , Li Dan , Dai Xueyu , Chen Jieqiong , Zhang Xuhua , Liu Ye , Xu Yonghua , Chen Jingjing , Zheng Weijie , Zhang Luding , Gao Constance , Yang Huanfeng , Li Bin , Wang Xueqi 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAging is usually accompanied by functional declines of the immune system, especially in T-cell responses. However, little is known about ways to alleviate this.MethodsHere, 37 middle-aged healthy participants were recruited, among which 32 were intravenously administrated with expanded NK cells and 5 with normal saline. Then, we monitored changes of peripheral senescent and exhausted T cells within 4 weeks after infusion by flow cytometry, as well as serum levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)-related factors. In vitro co-culture assays were performed to study NK-mediated cytotoxic activity against senescent or exhausted T cells. Functional and phenotypic alteration of NK cells before and after expansion was finally characterized.ResultsAfter NK cell infusion, senescent CD28-, CD57+, CD28-CD57+, and CD28-KLRG1+ CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations decreased significantly, so did PD-1+ and TIM-3+ T cells. These changes were continuously observed for 4 weeks. Nevertheless, no significant changes were observed in the normal saline group. Moreover, SASP-related factors including IL-6, IL-8, IL-1α, IL-17, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and MMP1 were significantly decreased after NK cell infusion. Further co-culture assays showed that expanded NK cells specifically and dramatically eliminated senescent CD4+ T cells other than CD28+CD4+ T cells. They also showed improved cytotoxic activity, with different expression patterns of activating and inhibitory receptors including NKG2C, NKG2A, KLRG1, LAG3, CD57, and TIM3.ConclusionOur findings imply that T-cell senescence and exhaustion is a reversible process in healthy individuals, and autologous NK cell administration can be introduced to alleviate the aging.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, ChiCTR-OOh-17011878.
Safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation for autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zeng Liuting , Deng Ying , Yang Kailin , Chen Junpeng , He Qi , Chen Hua 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation for autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory diseases.MethodsRelevant literature was retrieved from the PubMed database, Embase database, Cochrane Library database, etc. The search period is from the establishment of the database to January 2022. The outcomes include clinical symptoms, improvement in biochemistry, improvement in intestinal microbiota, improvement in the immune system, and adverse events. Literature screening and data extraction were independently carried out by two researchers according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and RevMan 5.3 software was used for statistics and analysis.ResultsOverall, a total of 14 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving six types of autoimmune diseases were included. The results showed the following. 1) Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM): compared with the autologous fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) group (control group), the fasting plasma C peptide in the allogenic FMT group at 12 months was lower. 2) Systemic sclerosis: at week 4, compared with one of two placebo controls, three patients in the experimental group reported a major improvement in fecal incontinence. 3) Ulcerative colitis, pediatric ulcerative colitis, and Crohn’s disease: FMT may increase clinical remission, clinical response, and endoscopic remission for patients with ulcerative colitis and increase clinical remission for patients with Crohn’s disease. 4) Psoriatic arthritis: there was no difference in the ratio of ACR20 between the two groups.ConclusionBased on current evidence, the application of FMT in the treatment of autoimmune diseases is effective and relatively safe, and it is expected to be used as a method to induce remission of active autoimmune diseases.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021235055, identifier CRD42021235055.
The causal relationship between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and other autoimmune diseases
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Shi Ziyan , Zhao Zhengyang , Chen Hongxi , Lang Yanlin , Kong Lingyao , Lin Xue , Du Qin , Wang Jiancheng , Zhou Hongyu 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThe coexistence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with other autoimmune diseases has been well recognized. However, the causal association between these two conditions has not been fully studied. The etiology and therapies of NMOSD coexisting with autoimmune diseases also need to be elucidated.MethodsWe performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causality. Genome-wide association (GWAS) summary data from NMOSD, autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) were used to identify genetic instruments. Causal single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were annotated and searched for cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) data. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify the mechanism of NMOSD coexisting with AITD, SLE, and SS. Potential therapeutic chemicals were searched using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database.ResultsThe MR analysis found that AITD, SLE, and SS were causally associated with NMOSD susceptibility, but not vice versa. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that MHC class I-related biological processes and the interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of NMOSD coexisting with AITD, SLE, and SS. A total of 30 chemicals were found which could inhibit the biological function of cis-eQTL genes.ConclusionsOur findings could help better understand the etiology of NMOSD and provide potential therapeutic targets for patients with coexisting conditions.
Characterization of the “gut microbiota-immunity axis” and microbial lipid metabolites in atrophic and potential celiac disease
Authors: Ricci Federica , Russo Edda , Renzi Daniela , Baldi Simone , Nannini Giulia , Lami Gabriele , Menicatti Marta , Pallecchi Marco , Bartolucci Gianluca , Niccolai Elena , Cerboneschi Matteo , Smeazzetto Serena , Ramazzotti Matteo , Amedei Amedeo , Calabrò Antonino Salvatore 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPotential celiac disease (pCD) is characterized by genetic predisposition, positive anti-endomysial and anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies, but a normal or almost normal jejunal mucosa (e.g., minor histological abnormalities without villous atrophy). To gain further insights into basic mechanisms involved in the development of intestinal villous atrophy, we evaluated and compared the microbial, lipid, and immunological signatures of pCD and atrophic CD (aCD).Materials and methodsThis study included 17 aCD patients, 10 pCD patients, and 12 healthy controls (HC). Serum samples from all participants were collected to analyze free fatty acids (FFAs). Duodenal mucosa samples of aCD and pCD patients were taken to evaluate histology, tissue microbiota composition, and mucosal immune response.ResultsWe found no significant differences in the mucosa-associated microbiota composition of pCD and aCD patients. On the other hand, in pCD patients, the overall abundance of serum FFAs showed relevant and significant differences in comparison with aCD patients and HC. In detail, compared to HC, pCD patients displayed higher levels of propionic, butyric, valeric, 2-ethylhexanoic, tetradecanoic, hexadecanoic, and octadecanoic acids. Instead, aCD patients showed increased levels of propionic, isohexanoic, and 2-ethylhexanoic acids, and a lower abundance of isovaleric and 2-methylbutyricacids when compared to HC. In addition, compared to aCD patients, pCD patients showed a higher abundance of isobutyric and octadecanoic acid. Finally, the immunological analysis of duodenal biopsy revealed a lower percentage of CD4+ T lymphocytes in pCD infiltrate compared to that observed in aCD patients. The functional characterization of T cells documented a pro-inflammatory immune response in both aCD and pCD patients, but the pCD patients showed a higher percentage of Th0/Th17 and a lower percentage of Th1/Th17.ConclusionThe results of the present study show, for the first time, that the duodenal microbiota of patients with pCD does not differ substantially from that of aCD; however, serum FFAs and local T cells displayed a distinctive profile between pCD, aCD, and HC. In conclusion, our result may help to shed new light on the “gut microbiota-immunity axis,” lipid metabolites, and duodenal immune response in overt CD and pCD patients, opening new paradigms in understanding the pathogenesis behind CD progression.
A novel brain-computer interface based on audio-assisted visual evoked EEG and spatial-temporal attention CNN
Authors: Chen Guijun , Zhang Xueying , Zhang Jing , Li Fenglian , Duan Shufei 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveBrain-computer interface (BCI) can translate intentions directly into instructions and greatly improve the interaction experience for disabled people or some specific interactive applications. To improve the efficiency of BCI, the objective of this study is to explore the feasibility of an audio-assisted visual BCI speller and a deep learning-based single-trial event related potentials (ERP) decoding strategy.ApproachIn this study, a two-stage BCI speller combining the motion-onset visual evoked potential (mVEP) and semantically congruent audio evoked ERP was designed to output the target characters. In the first stage, the different group of characters were presented in the different locations of visual field simultaneously and the stimuli were coded to the mVEP based on a new space division multiple access scheme. And then, the target character can be output based on the audio-assisted mVEP in the second stage. Meanwhile, a spatial-temporal attention-based convolutional neural network (STA-CNN) was proposed to recognize the single-trial ERP components. The CNN can learn 2-dimentional features including the spatial information of different activated channels and time dependence among ERP components. In addition, the STA mechanism can enhance the discriminative event-related features by adaptively learning probability weights.Main resultsThe performance of the proposed two-stage audio-assisted visual BCI paradigm and STA-CNN model was evaluated using the Electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded from 10 subjects. The average classification accuracy of proposed STA-CNN can reach 59.6 and 77.7% for the first and second stages, which were always significantly higher than those of the comparison methods (p &lt; 0.05).SignificanceThe proposed two-stage audio-assisted visual paradigm showed a great potential to be used to BCI speller. Moreover, through the analysis of the attention weights from time sequence and spatial topographies, it was proved that STA-CNN could effectively extract interpretable spatiotemporal EEG features.