bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks: Functionalized Construction Strategy by Nitrogen‐Containing Functional Group
Authors: Fan Zhiwen , Zou Yingbing , Liu Chulong , Xiang Shengchang , Zhang Zhangjing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe construction of hydrogen‐bonded organic framework materials by intermolecular hydrogen bonding forces has been rapidly developed in the last decade, among which, the strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding and functional binding sites exhibited by nitrogen‐containing functional groups have made them favorites for designing organic components to customize functionalized porous materials. This review systematically introduces the types of nitrogen‐containing monomers used to prepare porous hydrogen‐bonded organic backbones and the principles of their construction, summarizes the design advantages of crystalline materials from an elemental perspective, and presents the applications of such HOFs in the fields of gas adsorption/separation, molecular recognition, plasmonic conductivity, biomedical, and luminescent materials, etc. Finally, the prospects for the development of such materials are discussed and potential directions for future work are analyzed.
Direct In Situ Vertical Growth of Interlaced Mesoporous NiO Nanosheets on Carbon Felt for Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Xiong Wei , Zhou Min , Huang Xiaoyan , Yang Weijie , Zhang Da , Lv Yaokang , Li Hao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMetal oxide nanomaterials directly grown on conductive substrates are optimal electrode materials because their structures allow for rapid ion and electron transport and thereby reduce internal resistance in the electrode. The development of such binder‐free, self‐supporting electrodes is of great significance for applications in electrocatalysis. In this work, a simple hydrothermal in situ self‐assembly reaction and annealing process was developed to prepare three kinds of nickel oxide @ carbon felt (NiO@CF) nanocomposites with different morphologies. The influence of different precipitators (strong or weak bases) on the morphology of the resulting nano‐sized nickel oxide nanocomposites was investigated. The microstructures of the NiO@CF samples were characterized with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). When ammonia was used as the precipitator, NiO grew vertically on the surface of the carbon felt and formed a mesoporous nanosheet‐like structure (NiO NSs@CF). As an electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (e‐NRR) electrode, the NiO NSs@CF sample showed an excellent NH3yield (71.3 μg h−1 mg−1cat.) and Faradaic efficiency (17.9 % at −0.5 V vs. RHE) in 0.1 M Na2SO4. The good performance was attributed to the vertical interleaved mesoporous sheet‐like structure (with the pore size of 15 nm and the thickness of ∼30 nm) and the relatively high concentration of oxygen vacancies. First‐principles calculations with strong on‐site Coulomb interactions demonstrated that the presence of oxygen vacancy on NiO sample leads to a significantly stronger N binding over the surface, benefiting for the nitrogen gas adsorption and reduction. Thee‐NRR performance of this binder‐free, flexible electrode material is superior to that of other reported nickel‐based nanomaterials. This study highlights the potential of such binder‐free carbon felt electrodes for use ine‐NRR that could meet the needs of industrial production.
Urea derivative organocatalyzed enantioselective Friedel–Crafts alkylation of α‐naphthols with isatins
Authors: Wang Liming , Chen Zhe , Jiang Huiting , Zhang Jie , Jin Ying 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn organocatalytic enantioselective Friedel–Crafts alkylation of α‐naphthols with isatin derivatives was catalyzed by Takemoto‐type urea catalyst to give optical active 3‐(naphthalen‐2‐yl)‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles in 75%–92% yields with up to 95% enantiomeric excess (ee) value. The catalyst type and the substrate scope were broadened in this methodology.
Thermisches Verhalten von Tankspeichern – Teil 1: Modifizierter Modellansatz nach Lagrange
Authors: Rausendorf Jonathan , Roscher Willi , Oppelt Thomas , Urbaneck Thorsten 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFür die Planung und den Betrieb von Wärmeversorgungssystemen ist eine genaue Kenntnis über das thermische Verhalten von Wärmespeichern notwendig. Speichermodelle können die thermische Schichtung, die thermischen Verluste sowie das Be‐ und Entladeverhalten simulieren. Dieser Artikel stellt einen Modellansatz für große Tankspeicher vor. Dieser basiert auf dem Prinzip von Lagrange, das für die Betrachtung variabler Füllstände geeignet ist. Temperaturabhängige Stoffwerte ermöglichen die Berechnung der thermischen Expansion des Speichermediums im Modell. Mit diesem Ansatz können beispielsweise Speicher mit einer Schwimmdecke modelliert werden.
Supervised sparse preserving projections model based on distributed principal component analysis for chemical process monitoring
Authors: Ding Guangwei , Gu Xingsheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor the monitoring of large‐scale chemical processes, the distributed method is often used to extract local feature information and model the extracted local feature information to obtain a process monitoring model. But the distributed process monitoring model often contains more process variables, which makes the local information of the process data flooded. To make up for the insufficient extraction of local information in traditional distributed process monitoring, supervised sparse preserving projections model based on distributed principal component analysis (DPCA‐SSPP) is proposed in this paper. First, the process data are decomposed by the PCA algorithm, and the principal component space and residual space are obtained. Second, the variables of each sub‐block are selected according to the maximum correlation criterion, and the SSPP process monitoring model is established for each sub‐block. Finally, the monitoring results of each sub‐block are combined together to form a global monitoring result through the Bayesian information fusion strategy. The proposed scheme can be proved to be effective through the simulation on a nonlinear numerical example and the Tennessee Eastman benchmark (TE) process.
Hydrogen‐Bonded Engineering Enhancing Phase Transition Temperature in Molecular Perovskite Ferroelastic
Authors: Zhang Tie , Ding Kun , Li Jun‐Yi , Du Guo‐Wei , Chu Lu‐Lu , Zhang Yi , Fu Da‐Wei 
Published: April 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe broad operating temperature range is sought for molecular ferroic materials who are expected to be applied to flexible and electronic materials. Hydrogen bonds, an effective force between molecules, are important to regulate the molecule structure and their condition, helping a higher temperature range for ferroic materials. Here, we report a molecular perovskite ferroelastic (Me‐Hdabco)Rb[BF4]3 (Me‐Hdabco = N‐methyldabconium) which shows high temperature (T1 = 322.5 K and T2 = 381 K) ferroelastic phase transitions. The ferroelastic phase transition temperature range of (Me‐Hdabco)Rb[BF4]3 is significantly increased by 71 K compared with [Meda‐bco‐F]Rb[BF4]3 (Medabco‐F = 1‐fluoro‐4‐methyl‐1,4‐diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane). Structural analysis and thermal analysis demonstrate the ferroelastic phase transition is mainly attributed to dynamic cations order and disorder transformation. Therefore, new hydrogen bonds generated between cations and the Rb8[BF4]12 frame increase their intermolecular force, which is beneficial to improving the phase transition temperature. This finding has an important impact on the utilization of weak interaction forces to design and optimize functional materials.
Monitoring Local pH of Membranous Aggregates via Ratiometric Color Changing Response
Authors: Jha Satadru , Kumari Namita , Chettri Bimal , Dey Nilanjan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA series of oxidized di(indolyl)arylmethanes (DIAM) with polyaromatic signaling moieties have been designed for monitoring local pH at the interfacial region of surfactant aggregates, such as micelles and vesicles. The oxidized DIAMs show changes in solution color from red to yellow when incorporated in cationic surfactants (at pH 7.4) and yellow to reddish pink when exposed to negatively‐charged surfactants (at pH 5.0). The changes in surface charge can influence the interfacial pH (distinct from bulk pH of the medium) of the surfactant aggregates. The mechanistic studies indicate that the red‐shifted absorption maxima observed in the presence of anionic amphiphiles (acidic local pH) originated from the protonated species. On the contrary, maxima in the blue region, triggered by positively charged amphiphiles (basic local pH), is attributed to the zwitterionic species. Such prototropic equilibrium affects charge transfer states of the molecules along with their self‐assembly properties. Thus, it is evident that probes can predict as well as quantify the local pH change using the pseudophase ion exchange formalism. Also, the probes can detect the presence of anionic amphiphiles even when bound to phospholipid membranes.
Corporate environmentalism and international trade: Evidence from industry‐level data
Authors: Sam Abdoul G. , Song Danbee 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe explore the role of ISO 14001 certification in stimulating increased exports for certified firms. The rationale for the study is that certification conveys an important market signal that the certified firm's production process adheres to internationally accepted standards of environmental quality. That is, the perceived credibility of ISO 14001 certification lowers informational barriers about the environmental attributes of the certified firm's products, especially in foreign markets, boosting exports. We put this proposition to an empirical test using the gravity trade model and a panel of South Korean manufacturing industries exporting to 176 countries over the 1988–2015 period. Our results show that ISO 14001 certification generates a robust positive push effect for South Korean manufacturing exports. We further find that this effect varies based on the level of economic development of the destination market, with a more pronounced impact of certification on exports to high‐income countries than to middle and lower income countries.
Remote Functionalization of 8‐Substituted Quinolines with para‐Quinone Methides: Access to Unsymmetrical Tri(hetero)arylmethanes
Authors: Burra Amarender G. , Uredi Dilipkumar , Motati Damoder R. , Fronczek Frank R. , Watkins E. Blake 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA C(5)−H remote functionalization of 8‐aminoquinoline derivatives with para‐quinone methides, affording direct access to unsymmetrical tri(hetero)arylmethanes in 69–96 % yield is described. This method provides diverse tri(hetero)arylmethanes with a broad scope and in a regioselective manner. The transformation works well with electron‐rich and electron‐deficient substrates.
Solar photovoltaic potential and diffusion assessment for Pakistan
Authors: Khatri Shoaib Ahmed , Harijan Khanji , Uqaili Mohammad Aslam , Shah Syed Feroz , Mirjat Nayyar Hussain , Kumar Laveet 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn Pakistan, around 58% of current electricity is generated from fossil fuels and only 2.4% is generated using renewable energy (RE) resources even though country is blessed with enormous RE potential. Among other RE resources, Pakistan's geographical location offers high solar energy potential, which implies that actual potential assessment should be undertaken. This study, as such, undertakes a comprehensive assessment of solar energy potential and prospects of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems for both off‐grid and grid‐connected systems. This study also estimates the future available capacity of rooftop and rural off‐grid solar PV capacity. Three different types of solar PV modules of the same size, that is, thin‐film, premium, and standard were modeled to compare energy outputs. NREL's System Advisor Model (SAM) is used to estimate the geographical and technical potential of solar PV considering updated data and geographical information. SAM results suggest that an average of 4.5 kWh/kWp/day is obtained from an installed capacity of 1 KWp. The logistic modeling equations are further used to forecast the solar PV penetration over a period until 2090. The research investigation concludes that 2.8 × 106 GWh of electricity can be generated annually in Pakistan. The estimated results prove that solar PV has the potential to meet the present as well as future energy needs of Pakistan.
A new surrogate of Fischer–Tropsch fuel and its pollution emission in gas turbine combustor
Authors: Huo Weiye , Zhao Mengmeng , Wang Gang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBased on the analysis of the combustion process of liquid fuel in the gas turbine combustor, we suggest that a comprehensive surrogate fuel should be developed according to the basic physical and chemical properties that affect the diffusion combustion process. The present study took the carbon–hydrogen mole ratio, molar weight, density, viscosity, surface tension, initial boiling point, and lower heating value, as the target properties. The optimal direction method was utilized to obtain the mixture composition ratio which has the minimum deviation on the basic physical and chemical properties compared with the Fischer–Tropsch (F‐T) fuel. This mixture, taken as the comprehensive surrogate fuel of the F‐T fuel, was composed of 15% n‐decane, 67% n‐tetradecane, 13% iso‐octane, and 5% methylcyclohexane in mole fraction. Further experiments were conducted to investigate the pollutant emissions of the F‐T fuel and the surrogate fuel in a gas turbine combustor. The experimental results showed that the surrogate fuel can well predict the EI(CO) and EI(NOx) of the F‐T fuel in the turbine combustor, and the difference in EI(UHC) is mainly influenced by the fuel evaporation property.
Imaging mass‐wasting sliding surfaces within complex glacial deposits along coastal cliffs using geophysics
Authors: Blondel Simon , Uhlemann Sebastian , Inauen Cornelia , Watlet Arnaud , Maurer Hansruedi , Jordan Colm , Lee Jonathan , Chambers Jonathan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study presents a multidisciplinary survey combining geological fieldwork and geophysical data to better constrain the parameters influencing the morphology and behaviour of a retreating coastal cliff. Erosion rates are spatially highly variable and hard to predict because of the manifold parameters acting on them. Among these parameters, rock resistance exerts a paramount influence on cliff retreat. Characterizing the rock resistance distribution along a coastal region requires the mapping of several key subsurface properties including the bulk lithology, faulting, fracturing, or weathering. This is a difficult and expensive task because of the high spatial variability of these factors linked to the spatial complexity of the geology. Geophysical methods can be used to tackle this challenge by quickly providing the 3D visualization and distribution of these parameters within the subsurface. A fast‐eroding portion of the Norfolk coast (UK) at West Runton is investigated using a multidisciplinary approach, combining ground‐penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), cone penetration tests, and outcrop studies. The results allowed us to build a 3D geological and geophysical model of a highly complex area of glacial geology. It forms part of a relict glaciotectonic thrust‐tip moraine and sand basin sequence. The surfaces interpreted on radar data are associated with strong resistivity contrasts on the ERT data. These contrasts have been attributed to petrophysical variations between the lithological units. The base of the sand basin is marked by a low‐permeability clay bed. Its low shear strength is likely to be more susceptible to failure, hereby accelerating the erosion rate of an already fast‐eroding sand basin. The resulting model can be used as input for locally constraining the ground parameters in coastal recession and erosion models.
Blockchain enabled joint trust (MF‐WWO‐WO) algorithm for clustered‐based energy efficient routing protocol in wireless sensor network
Authors: Rajan D. Palanivel , Premalatha J. , Velliangiri S. , Karthikeyan P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this manuscript, a blockchain enabled joint trust (MF‐WWO‐WO) algorithm for clustered based energy efficient routing protocol in wireless sensor network (WSN) is proposed for secure data transmission by finding the optimum cluster head (CH) in the network. Here, MayflyWater Wave Optimization (MF‐WWO) algorithm is used for CH selection accurately. After the selection of CH, the malicious node occurs in the cluster. Hence, the multi objective whale optimization algorithm is proposed to find the trust path from the several paths. At last, the optimized selected trust paths are given to the blockchain for communications in the network that is safe and more trustworthy. The simulation is done in MATLAB. The proposed MF‐WWO‐WO achieves high throughput, high efficiency, high network life time, high packet delivery ratio, low delay, low energy consumption, and low packet loss ratio. The outcomes shows the better performance of the proposed approach when compared to the existing approaches, like blockchain and clustered based secured data aware energy efficient using fitness averaged rider optimization algorithm FA‐ROA blockchain and clustered based secured data aware energy efficient using trusted moth flame optimization and genetic optimization algorithm TMFO‐GOA. Finally, the proposed approach attains better energy efficiency and security.
Analysis of time‐dependent dynamics of micropolar fluid subject to Lorentz force, energy flux due to a concentration gradient and viscous dissipation
Authors: Das Nabanita , Ahmed Nazibuddin , Taid Bijoy Krishna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study deals with an analysis of the time‐dependent dynamics of micropolar fluid flow subject to Lorentz force, diffusion thermal, and viscous dissipation effect past a uniformly moving semi‐infinite porous plate in the presence of chemical reaction. Expressions of velocity, microrotation, concentration, temperature, skin friction, Sherwood number, and Nusselt number are established and the effect of several parameters on them are represented graphically. Equations governing the flow and heat transfer are solved by adopting the regular perturbation technique. It is noticed that temperature distribution as well as the coefficient of friction is enhanced due to the diffusion thermo effect. It is observed that the microrotation increases with increasing magnetic parameters. Furthermore, the study confirms a drop in fluid concentration under the composition of species.
State history, governance and financial institutions' efficiency: Evidence from African countries
Authors: Henri Atanga Ondoa , Mveng Seabrook Arthur 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study investigates how statehood experience influences financial institutions' efficiency through the quality of governance. To this effect, the study employs a Tobit instrumental variables technique with data from 22 African countries for the period 2002–2018. The state antiquity index, recently provided by Ang and Fredriksson (2018), is used to capture statehood experience whereas rule of law, voice and accountability, regulatory quality, political stability and absence of violence, government effectiveness, and control of corruption are the indicators of the governance quality. Our results show that statehood experience, directly and indirectly, influences financial institutions' efficiency. The nature of the direct effect is negative, while that of the indirect effect depends on the governance indicator considered. Indeed, the negative effect of statehood experience is moderated by the strict application of the rule of law and amplified by control of corruption, political stability and absence of violence, and excessive regulation. Thus, to reduce the negative effect of statehood experience on the efficiency of financial institutions, older African states should: i) promote strict enforcement of the rule of law and alternation of power, and ii) relax regulation and government intervention.
Modified U‐Net for cytological medical image segmentation
Authors: Benazzouz Mourtada , Benomar Mohammed Lamine , Moualek Youcef 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDeep learning–based medical image segmentation is henceforth widely established as a powerful segmentation process. This article proposes a new U‐Net architecture based on a convolutional neural network for cytology image segmentation. This structure is more suitable to take into account pixel neighborhood in deconvolution. The goal is to develop an accurate segmentation method for white blood cells segmentation based on cells types features. This new proposed method yields a significant improvement compared to our previous work on the cytological medical dataset. In addition, the performance of the new architecture was also successfully tested on the Digital Retinal Image for Vessel Extraction databases benchmark. The images of this challenge are similar to our cytology image segmentation. Our approach achieved 25% relative improvement of the accuracy compared to the state‐of‐the‐art.
Standardized studies of the oral microbiome: From technology‐driven to hypothesis‐driven
Authors: Gao Chuqi , Li Xuantao , Zhao Xiaole , Yang Peiyue , Wang Xiao , Chen Xiaoli , Chen Ning , Chen Feng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe microbiome is in a symbiotic relationship with the host. Among the microbial consortia in the human body, that in the oral cavity is complex. Instead of repeatedly confirming biomarkers of oral and systemic diseases, recent studies have focused on a unified clinical diagnostic standard in microbiology that reduces the heterogeneity caused by individual discrepancies. Research has also been conducted on other topics of greater clinical importance, including bacterial pathogenesis, and the effects of drugs and treatments. In this review, we divide existing research into technology‐driven and hypothesis‐driven, according to whether there is a clear research hypothesis. This classification allows the demonstration of shifts in the direction of oral microbiology research. Based on the shifts, we suggested that establishing clear hypotheses may be the solution to major research challenges.
Constructing an Authoritative Source of Truth in a Changing Information Landscape
Authors: Smith Tyler , Payne Charles , Shackleton John 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTIn support of the US Army Mission System Architecture Demonstration, Adventium Labs conducted a series of interviews and demonstrations to determine requirements, best practices, and available tool capabilities for building and maintaining an Authoritative Source of Truth (ASoT). An ASoT is a capability that gives definitive answers to queries about a target collection of systems. An ASoT should make information discoverable, enable controlled information sharing, and maintain traceability across time and organizations. The challenges to establishing an ASoT include limited standards adoption by tool vendors, entrenched workflows, and data rights management needs. The systems engineering community can overcome these challenges by keeping ASoT needs at the forefront when planning engineering activities, investing in open and flexible standards for information sharing, and leveraging emerging connectivity tools and model‐based systems engineering methods.