bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emission of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and methylene dianiline during use of cure-in-place methylene diphenyl diisocyanate-based consumer products
Authors: Karlsson Daniel , Merz Thomas , Nuthmann Volker 
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to provide realistic isocyanate and amine emission data when using different methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)-based polyurethane consumer products. Emission testing (air sampling) of diisocyanates and corresponding diamines was performed in a full-scale controlled-environment chamber during different work operations, such as gluing, mixing and foaming. The polyurethane products used were construction glue, one-component foam and two different two-component adhesives used in parquet flooring. Air sampling for isocyanates and amines was performed in the breathing zone of the worker and at different positions inside the controlled-environment chamber while the work operations were performed. Air sampling was also performed after the application, at different positions inside the chamber, to cover the post curing phase. Low air concentrations (0.1–0.7 μg MDI/m3, 0.03–0.2 μg isocyanate group (NCO)/m3) were found in the breathing zone and close to the work operation for some of the gluing applications. No methylene diphenyl diamine (MDA) concentrations above the limit of quantification were found for any of the applications in the breathing zone air. These results indicated that inhalation exposure to MDA or MDI would be expected to be minimal during application of do-it-yourself consumer products containing MDI.
Device-assisted continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: A single-centre experience
Authors: Pak Wai Lun Will , Chan Ka Lok , Chan Zi , Wong Yick Hei , Law Wai Ping , Lam Chi Kwan , Sunny Wong Sze Ho 
Published: March 2022

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with impaired hand–eye function require helper assistance. Our centre developed a connection device that assists patients with impaired hand–eye function to perform PD exchange themselves, but the clinical outcomes in these patients have not been investigated. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who had device-assisted continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) during 2007–2016 and compared their clinical outcomes with age- and sex-matched patients receiving helper-assisted CAPD. Results: One hundred seventy-two patients (86 each in the device- and helper-assisted CAPD groups) were followed for 29.9 (19.4–43.3) months. The device- and helper-assisted groups had comparable peritonitis rates (0.489 and 0.504 episode per patient-year, respectively, p = 0.814), with no difference in the distribution of causative organisms and the organism-specific peritonitis rates. The device-assisted group showed similar peritonitis-free survival compared with the helper-assisted group (2.58 (1.85–3.31) vs. 1.78 (0.68–2.88) years, p = 0.363) and time-to-PD discontinuation (6.27 (3.65–8.90) vs. 4.35 (3.48–5.22) years, p = 0.677). The median patient survival was similar between the two groups (3.89 (2.22–5.55) vs. 3.81 (3.27–4.36) years in the device- and helper-assisted groups, respectively, p = 0.505). Conclusion: Device-assisted CAPD confers comparable outcomes as helper-assisted CAPD and is a viable option in PD patients with impaired hand–eye function.
Acupuncture for insomnia after ischemic stroke: an assessor-participant blinded, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cao Yan , Yan Yin-Jie , Xu Jian-Yang , Liwayiding Abulikemu , Liu Yi-Ping , Yin Xuan , Lao Li-Xing , Zhang Zhang-Jin , Xu Shi-Fen 
Published: March 2022

Background: To date, there has been little focus on research into acupuncture for insomnia after ischemic stroke. Insomnia is one of the most common sequelae after ischemic stroke, and it is the most unrecognized modifiable risk factor. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for insomnia after ischemic stroke. Methods: In this assessor-participant blinded, randomized, controlled trial, 144 ischemic stroke patients with insomnia meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth edition, DSM-5) criteria were assigned to verum or sham acupuncture treatment (n = 72 per group) for three sessions per week over 4 weeks. The outcomes were the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), stroke-specific quality of life (SSQoL), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores. Multiple objective sleep variables were recorded using actigraphy. Assessment was conducted at baseline, and thereafter once biweekly for the 4-week treatment and at 4 weeks of follow-up. Results: The verum acupuncture group had significantly greater improvements than the sham acupuncture group in sleep quality from 2 weeks into treatment throughout the follow-up, indicated by ISI scores and actigraphic variable SE (sleep efficiency). This greater improvement was also observed in the PSQI after 4 weeks of treatment throughout follow-up, as well as actigraphic variable TST (total sleep time), SSQoL and HADS scores at the end of treatment, and SSQoL and depression scores at follow-up. There was no significant difference between groups in the actigraphic variable SA (sleep awakenings). Adverse events were mild in severity, and their incidence was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Acupuncture appears to be efficacious, in terms of improving insomnia, related quality of life, and affective symptoms, for patients with ischemic stroke. Trial registration number: ChiCTR-IIC-16008382 (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry).
The sexual and reproductive health of female psychiatric inpatients: An area needing more attention?
Authors: Niven Katie , Kovac Rachel , Tayba Layale , Varghese Sunny , Nguyen Thinh 
Published: March 2022

Objective Trauma-informed care and physical (including sexual and reproductive) health screening is standard in Western Australian mental health settings. We sought to determine the rates of reported sexual trauma and domestic violence (DV), the rates of sexual and reproductive health screening, and associations between sexual trauma and reproductive health screening in a sample of women of child-bearing age (WOCBA), that is, 18–49 years, admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit (IPU). Methods A retrospective study on 12 months of admissions to an outer metropolitan IPU (2017–2018), using descriptive analysis. Results Review of 160 admissions demonstrated high rates of reported sexual trauma (49.4%) and DV (38.8%). Rates of screening for pregnancy (56.9%) and sexually-transmitted infection risk (18.8%) were low. 5 out of 25 (20.0%) patients prescribed a mood stabiliser had documented discussions regarding reproductive risks of their medication. An overall lack of effect ( p > .6) was found between sexual trauma history and reproductive health screening. Conclusions WOCBA admitted to an IPU are vulnerable to having experienced sexual trauma and DV, with low rates of documented reproductive health screening despite existing clinical guidelines.
Associations Between Physical Activity, Self-reported Joint Function, and Molecular Biomarkers in Working Age Individuals With Hip and/or Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Östlind Elin , Eek Frida , Stigmar Kjerstin , Sant’Anna Anita , Ekvall Hansson Eva , Struglics André 
Published: March 2022

Objective: Previous research has suggested an association between physical activity (PA), joint function, and molecular biomarkers, but more studies are needed. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between PA or self-reported joint function and molecular biomarkers of cartilage and inflammation in individuals with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (OA). Specific objectives were to explore the correlations between (1) the change over 3 months in self-reported PA/joint function and the change in molecular biomarkers (2) objectively measured PA and molecular biomarkers measured at 3-month follow-up. Design: Working age participants (n = 91) were recruited from a cluster randomized controlled trial. Self-reported PA, joint function, and serum samples were collected at baseline and after 3 months. Serum concentrations of the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and the cartilage markers Alanine-Arginine-Glycine-Serine (ARGS)-aggrecan, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and type II collagen C2C were analyzed by immunoassays. Objectively measured PA (steps/day) was collected during 12 weeks from activity trackers used by 53 participants. Associations were analyzed with Spearman’s rank correlation. Results: There was a weak negative correlation between the change in self-reported PA and the change in COMP ( rs = −0.256, P = .040) but not for the other molecular biomarkers. There were no correlations between the change in self-reported joint function and the change in molecular biomarkers or between the average steps/day and the molecular biomarkers at follow-up ( rs ⩽ −0.206, P ⩾ .06). Conclusion: In general, no or only weak associations were found between PA/joint function and molecular biomarkers. Future research recommends including participants with lower PA, extend the follow-up, and use a design that allows comparisons.
‘It’s being a part of a grand tradition, a grand counter-culture which involves communities’: A qualitative investigation of autistic community connectedness
Authors: Botha Monique , Dibb Bridget , Frost David M 
Published: March 2022

Autistic people report greater comfort socialising and easier communication with each other. Despite autism being stereotypically associated with lack of social motivation, an autistic community has been described briefly in the literature but is not well understood. Autistic community connectedness may play a role in promoting wellbeing for autistic people. This qualitative study involved interviewing autistic individuals ( N = 20) in-person, via a video-based platform, a text-based platform or over email to investigate autistic community connectedness. Critical grounded theory tools were used to collect and analyse the data. There were three elements of autistic community connectedness: belongingness, social connectedness and political connectedness. Belongingness referred to the sense of similarity that autistic people experienced with each other. Social connectedness referred to specific friendship participants formed with other autistic people. Political connectedness referred to a connectedness to the political or social equality goals of the autistic community. Participants described the benefits of autistic community connectedness as being increased self-esteem, a sense of direction and a sense of community not experienced elsewhere. Lack of connectedness involved ambivalence with an autistic identity and/or feelings of internalised stigma. Experiences of autistic community connectedness may have implications for autistic people’s wellbeing, as well as how they cope with minority stress. Lay abstract A sense of being connected to other autistic people has been reported anecdotally. Friendships and connectedness may be important to autistic people and beneficial for their wellbeing. Our research aimed to understand the autistic community by interviewing 20 autistic people about their experiences of being connected to other autistic people. Participants were interviewed in person, over video, using a text-based software to type or over email. Participants detailed three parts of autistic community connectedness: a sense of belonging, social connection with autistic friends and political connectedness. The friendships autistic people had with one another were deemed to be very important to participants because it gave them confidence, provided companionship and made them happy. Some participants did not experience connectedness to the autistic community. These participants also found autism to be less important to their identity and had fewer positive feelings about being autistic. This research is important as it raises awareness that community connectedness is viewed as important to this group. It is possible that community connectedness may help protect the mental health of autistic people when they face stigma or negative life experiences in society.
Socioeconomic inequalities in sexual victimisation in a nationally representative sample of the Swedish population
Authors: Deogan Charlotte , Bergström Jakob , Heimer Gun , Mannheimer Louise , Björkenstam Charlotte 
Published: March 2022

Aims: Sexual victimisation is a key public health concern because of its physical, psychological and social consequences. Nationally representative studies exploring sexual victimisation and re-victimisation are still scarce. The aim of the current study was to explore associations of sexual victimisation with sociodemographic factors including sexual orientation in Sweden. Methods: We used Swedish data from a national population survey linked to nationwide registers. The sample consisted of 3349 individuals aged 30–44 years, (2021 women and 1328 men). With a latent class analysis we identified groups of individuals with distinctly different experiences of sexual victimisation. Multinomial logistic regression was used to explore how common characteristics could explain latent class membership classes. Results: Experiences of sexual victimisation were common: 48% of women and 13% of men had experienced sexual harassment, 47% of women and 12% of women sexual assault, 11% of women and 1% of men attempted intercourse and 8% of women and 1% of men rape. Among women four groups were identified who had distinctly different experiences of exposure to sexual victimisation such as low victimisation, sexually harassed and assaulted several times, highly sexually victimised with low re-victimisation and finally high victimisation. Both women and men who were highly sexually victimised had to a higher extent a non-heterosexual sexual identity. Conclusions: Non-heterosexual orientation is a robust indicator of a high level of sexual victimisation as well as re-victimisation among both male and female adults.
Comparison between second generation HydroSoft coils and bare platinum coils for the treatment of large intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Tessitore Agostino , Paolucci Aldo , Hohenstatt Sophia , Caragliano Antonio A , Buonomo Orazio , Mormina Enricomaria , Pitrone Antonio , Vinci Sergio L 
Published: March 2022

Background The development of HydroSoft coils (HSC) aims to reduce the high recurrence and retreatment rates observed in large brain aneurysms by improving primary brain aneurysm filling and thus occlusion efficacy. We compared clinical and angiographic effectiveness of bare platinum coils (BPC) versus second generation HSC for large intracranial aneurysms at our center. Methods We included 61 large aneurysms between 2015 and 2018, 29 embolized primarily using HSC and 32 treated with BPC. The aneurysm occlusion rates were assessed after 3 and 12 months with an MRI scan and at 6 moths with a control digital subtraction angiography (DSA) using the Raymond-Roy occlusion classification (RROC). Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the modified ranking scale (mRS). Results The observed immediate occlusion rate was slightly better in the BPC group, however, this group had a significant increase of progressive reperfusion at all imaging follow-up. Contrarily, the rate of complete occlusion increased significantly in the HSC group, starting from the 6 and 12-months follow-up. 7 aneurysms (11.4%) were re-treated (15.6% BPC and 6.9% HSC). The 6 and 12-months clinical data showed mRS score 0-1 in 96.7% of patients. Conclusions In our single-center experience, the second generation HydroSoft coils were shown to be safe and effective for endovascular treatment of large intracranial aneurysms with encouraging clinical and angiographic results, also for ruptured aneurysms. Even if the validity is limited due to our small cohort size, HSC showed a significantly lower rate of recurrence at mid-term follow-up when compared to BPC.
COVID-19 in pregnancy: A UK perspective
Authors: Zayyan Sanaa , Frise Charlotte 
Published: March 2022

COVID-19 infection in pregnancy can cause respiratory and obstetric complications, 1 however emerging evidence on its impact in pregnancy is limited. This article aims to review data collected and analysed so far over the course of the coronavirus pandemic, that examine demographic associations, patterns of disease, severity and outcomes of COVID-19 in pregnancy in the UK. Hospital admission, for which black and minority ethnic background and raised body mass index are risk factors, is associated with maternal mortality and admission to intensive care and is more likely in the late second or third trimester. 2 Vaccination is safe in pregnancy 3 and is protective against severe COVID-19 and admission to intensive care, 4 , 5 Maternal SARS CoV-2 is associated with a greater risk of stillbirth, preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA) and preeclampsia. 6 Efforts to reduce the incidence of COVID-19 in pregnancy, including vaccination, are therefore likely to reduce preventable complications from this disease.
Evidence-based efficacy of methotrexate in adult Crohn’s disease in different intestinal and extraintestinal indications
Authors: Cassinotti Andrea , Batticciotto Alberto , Parravicini Marco , Lombardo Maurizio , Radice Paolo , Cortelezzi Claudio Camillo , Segato Simone , Zanzi Federico , Cappelli Antonella , Segato Sergio 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Methotrexate (MTX) is included in the therapeutic armamentarium of Crohn’s disease (CD), although its positioning is currently uncertain in an era in which many effective biological drugs are available. No systematic reviews or meta-analysis have stratified the clinical outcomes of MTX according to the specific clinical scenarios of its use. Methods: Medline, PubMed and Scopus were used to extract eligible studies, from database inception to May 2021. A total of 163 studies were included. A systematic review was performed by stratifying the outcomes of MTX according to formulation, clinical indication and criteria of efficacy. Results: The use of MTX is supported by randomized clinical trials only in steroid-dependent CD, with similar outcomes to thiopurines. The use of MTX in patients with steroid-refractoriness, failure of thiopurines or in combination with biologics is not supported by high levels of evidence. Combination therapy with biologics can optimize the immunogenic profile of the biological drug, but the impact on long-term clinical outcomes is described only in small series with anti-TNFα. Other off-label uses, such as fistulizing disease, mucosal healing, postoperative prevention and extraintestinal manifestations, are described in small uncontrolled series. The best performance in most indications was shown by parenteral MTX, favouring higher doses (25 mg/week) in the induction phase. Discussion: Evidence from high-quality studies in favour of MTX is scarce and limited to the steroid-dependent disease, in which other drugs are the leading players today. Many limitations on study design have been found, such as the prevalence of retrospective underpowered studies and the lack of stratification of outcomes according to specific types of patients and formulations of MTX. Conclusion: MTX is a valid option as steroid-sparing agent in steroid-dependent CD. Numerous other clinical scenarios require well-designed clinical studies in terms of patient profile, drug formulation and dosage, and criteria of efficacy.
The impact of sleep apnea on primary reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of glenohumeral osteoarthritis
Authors: Valentino Nicolás , Moattari Kevin , Gordon Adam M , Ashraf Asad M , Sadeghpour Ramin , Razi Afshin E 
Published: March 2022

Introduction As the prevalence of sleep apnea (SA) increases nationwide, large sample sized studies following primary reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in SA patients are scarce. Therefore, this study evaluated whether SA is associated with 1) longer in-hospital lengths of stay (LOS) 2) readmissions 3) medical complications and 4) costs. Methods A retrospective nationwide Medicare analysis from 2005 to 2014 was performed. Inclusion criteria were patients with SA undergoing RSA for the treatment of glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Study group patients were 1:5 ratio matched to controls yielding 6241 patients in the study and 31,179 in the comparison cohort. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds-ratios (OR) for readmissions and complications. A p-value less than 0.004 was significant. Results SA patients had significantly longer in-hospital LOS compared to their counterparts (3-days versus 2-days, p  < 0.0001), but similar rates of 90-day readmissions (7.98% vs. 6.54%; OR: 1.00, p  = 0.907). Patients with SA had significantly greater incidence and odds of 90-day medical complications (13.36% vs. 7.29%; OR: 1.42, p  < 0.0001) and significantly higher 90-day costs ($16,529.16 vs. $14,789.15, p  < 0.0001). Conclusion Patients with SA undergoing primary RSA for the treatment of glenohumeral OA have longer in-hospital LOS, increased medical complications, and costs of care. Readmissions were not more common. Level of Evidence III
A retrospective comparison of salvage intensive chemotherapy versus venetoclax-combined regimen in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
Authors: Park Silvia , Kwag Daehun , Kim Tong Yoon , Lee Jong Hyuk , Lee Joon yeop , Min Gi June , Park Sung Soo , Yahng Seung-Ah , Jeon Young-Woo , Shin Seung-Hwan , Yoon Jae-Ho , Lee Sung-Eun , Cho Byung Sik , Eom Ki-Seong , Kim Yoo-Jin , Lee Seok , Min Chang-Ki , Cho Seok-Goo , Lee Jong Wook , Kim Hee-Je 
Published: March 2022

Background: Evidence that a venetoclax (VEN)-combined regimen is effective in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) is emerging. However, it is unknown how VEN-combined low intensity treatment compares to intensive chemotherapy (IC) in medically fit patients with R/R AML. Methods: We compared AML patients who received IC ( n = 89) to those who received a VEN in combination with hypomethylating agents or low dose cytarabine (VEN combination) ( n = 54) as their first- or second-line salvage after failing anthracycline-containing intensive chemotherapy. Results: The median age was 49 years, and significantly more patients in the VEN combination group were in their second salvage and had received prior stem cell transplantation (SCT). Overall response rates including CR, CRi, and MLFS were comparable (44.0% for IC vs. 59.3% for VEN combination, p = 0.081), but VEN combination group compared to IC group tended to show lower treatment related mortality. The rate of bridging to SCT was the same (68.5%), but the percentage of SCT at blast clearance was significantly higher in the VEN-combined group (62.3% vs. 86.5%, p = 0.010). After median follow-up periods of 22.5 (IC) and 11.3 months (VEN combination), the median overall survival was 8.9 (95% CI, 5.4-12.4) and 12.4 months (95% CI, 9.5-15.2) ( p = 0.724), respectively. Conclusion: VEN combination provides a comparable anti-leukemic response and survival to salvage IC, and provide a bridge to SCT with better disease control in medically-fit patients with R/R AML.