bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental implications of fluoride presence in drinking water along the southeastern of El Bajío Guanajuatese, Guanajuato, Mexico: sources and health effects
Authors: Arredondo José Iván Morales , Hernández Armienta , Flores-Ocampo I.Z. , Flores-Vargas R. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Chronic exposure from drinking water with naturally high concentrations of fluoride (F⁻) has serious health consequences in several regions across the world including north-central Mexico as Guanajuato State, where the rural population is particularly dependent on untreated groundwater pumped from wells that have natural F- concentrations higher than those allowed by national and international regulations. The contaminated aquifers in the area are usually located in fractured volcanic environment that interacts with sedimentary basins and have a carbonate basement. Few studies focused on identifying the origin and hydrogeochemical processes related to fluoride release and mobilization have been developed, and even fewer that quantify the natural content of F in the geological environment. In this study, an evaluation of fluoride in volcanic rocks collected from 11 sampling sites along the Sierra de Codornices (Guanajuato State, Central Mexico) was carried out. The fluoride content is disseminated in volcanic rocks and the highest contents were obtained in felsic rocks. According to results obtained of a sampling campaign of 32 wells in 2019 their statistical and hydrogeochemical evaluation suggest that F- mobilization in groundwater from Juventino Rosas and Villagran municipalities, is a product of volcanic glass dissolution, a process involved in alkaline desorption occurring on the surfaces of F-containing minerals, and possibly on ion exchange occurring in minerals and some clays or even in deep fluids enriched in F. All these processes may be accelerated by the geothermal characteristics of the groundwater in the study area. The hydrogeochemical results and the epidemiological survey conducted indicate that children and older adults of Praderas de la Venta are at risk of exposure to F- due to the high concentrations ingested over a long period of time, to the toxicity of the element and its ability to accumulate in the bones. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations increases the risk.
Rapid isolation and resolution immune evasion and viral fitness across contemporary SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Aggarwal Anupriya , Stella Alberto , Akerman Anouschka , Walker Gregory , Milogiannakis Vanessa , McAllery Samantha , Esneau Camille , Silva Mariana Ruiz , Lu Yonghui , Forster Charles , Hal Sebastiaan van , Mathivanan Vennila , Fitcher Christina , Hoppe Alexandra Carey , Munier C. Mee Ling , Darley David , Matthews Gail , Starck Damien , Robosa Roselle , Bartlett Nathan , Rawlinson William , Kelleher Anthony , Turville Stuart 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
From late 2020 the world observed the rapid emergence of many distinct SARS-CoV-2 variants. At the same time, pandemic responses coalesced into significant global vaccine roll-out that have now significantly lowered Covid-19 hospital and mortality rates in the developed world. Over this period, we developed a rapid platform (R-20) for viral isolation and characterisation using primary remnant diagnostic swabs. This combined with quarantine testing and genomics surveillance, enabled the rapid isolation and characterisation of all major SARS-CoV-2 variants (all variants of concern and 6 variants of interest) globally with a 4-month period. This platform facilitated viral variant isolation and enabled rapid resolution of variant phenotype by allowing determining end point viral titers from primary nasopharyngeal swabs and through ranking of evasion of neutralising antibodies. In late 2021, when the Delta variant was dominating, Omicron rapidly emerged. Using this platform, we isolated and tested the first cases of this variant within Australia. In this setting we observed Omicron to diverge from other variants at two levels: Firstly, it ranks at the mots evasive to neutralisation antibodies compared to all VOCs and major VUIs. Secondly, it no longer engages TMPRSS2 during the late stages of fusion.
Friction and slip measured at the bed of an Antarctic ice stream
Authors: Hudson Thomas , Kufner Sofia-Katerina , Brisbourne Alex , Kendall Michael , Smith Andrew , Alley Richard , Arthern Robert , Murray Tavi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The slip of glaciers over the underlying bed is the dominant mechanism governing the migration of ice from land into the oceans, contributing to sea-level rise. Yet glacier slip remains poorly understood or constrained by observations. Here we observe both frictional shear-stress and slip at the bed of an ice stream, using 100,000 repetitive stick-slip icequakes from Rutford Ice Stream, Antarctica. Basal shear-stresses and slip-rates vary from 10^4 to 10^7 Pa and 0.2 to 1.5 m day^(-1), respectively. Friction and slip vary temporally over the order of hours and spatially over 10s of meters, caused by corresponding variations in ice-bed interface material and effective-normal-stress. Our findings also suggest that the bed is substantially more complex than currently assumed in ice stream models and that basal effective-normal-stresses may be significantly higher than previously thought. The observations also provide previously unresolved constraint of the basal boundary conditions of ice dynamics models. This is critical for constraining the primary contribution of ice mass loss in Antarctica, and hence the endeavour to reduce uncertainty in sea-level rise projections.
Effect of cognitive &amp; metacognitive Strategy developing reading comprehension emphasizing students’ linguality
Authors: Abbasi Peyman 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Reading comprehension ability is potency of students to comprehend meaning of written texts, text details and main ideas. Furthermore, ability of reading comprehension activated learners to communicate with writers. To understand main ideas of written texts, help learners to be aware and to get particular messages from texts. Cognitive and metacognitive knowledges help readers to analyze, to summarize, to judge, and to distinguish main idea of reading texts and also more details about writer viewpoints to predicate and decision making to monitor text contents too. Monolingual students are those groups which must be aware about impacts of metacognitive strategy upon reading development and comprehension through to prepare and emanate bio feedbacks with teachers. Hence, monolingual groups have to be taught more than bilingual ones due to their low – proficiency levels and also their weak knowledge capacities about reading development strategies. Indeed, today understanding the effective strategies which help to learn language skills for all of scholars in TESOL domains is very significant, so every teacher that is aware about efficacy of those psychological strategies like cognitive and metacognitive or both; he or she is able to teach language skills particularly reading comprehension very conveniently and more productive language learning results. Without understanding reading strategy text comprehension to learn language skills is impossible.
Biodegradable MoSe 2 @polyvinylpyrrolidone Nanoparticles With Multi-enzyme Activity for Ameliorating Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Xie Pei , Zhang liying , Shen Hui , Wu Hang , Zhao Jiulong , Wang Shige , Hu lianghao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Exogenous antioxidant materials mimicking endogenous antioxidant systems are commonly used for the treatment of oxidative stress-induced injuries. Thus, artificial enzymes have emerged as promising candidates for balancing and treating the dysregulation of redox homeostasis in vivo. Herein, a one-pot hydrothermal strategy for the facile preparation of MoSe2@polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanoparticles (NPs) is reported. The synthesized NPs were biodegradable due to their exposure to oxygen and exhibited high stability. Moreover, they effectively mimicked various naturally occurring enzymes (including catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase) and scavenged free radicals, such as 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, ·OH, ·O2−, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. Further apoptosis detection studies revealed that MoSe2@PVP NPs significantly increased the cell survival probability in H2O2 in a concentration-dependent manner. The cytoprotective effect of MoSe2@PVP NPs was explored for an animal model of acute pancreatitis, which confirmed its remarkable therapeutic efficacy. Owing to the biodegradable and biocompatible nature of MoSe2@PVP NPs, the findings of this work can stimulate the development of other artificial nanoenzymes for antioxidant therapies.
Necrolytic migratory erythema: an important visual cutaneous clue of glucagonoma
Authors: Li Wei , Yang Xue , Deng Yuan , Jiang Yina , Xu Guiping , Li Enxiao , Wu Yinying , Ren Juan , Ma Zhenhua , Dong Shunbin , Han Liang , Wu Zheng , Wang Zheng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective: Glucagonoma is an extremely rare neuroendocrine tumor that arises from pancreatic islet alpha cells. Although glucagonoma is usually accompanied by a variety of characteristic clinical symptoms, early diagnosis is still difficult due to the scarcity of the disease. Methods: In this study, we present the cumulative experiences, clinical characteristics and treatments of seven patients diagnosed with glucagonoma during the past 10 years at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University. Results: The seven patients in our cohort consisted of six females and one male with an average diagnosis age of 40.1 years (range 23-51). The average time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis of glucagonoma was 14 months (range 2-36 months). All the patients visited dermatology firstly for necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) 7/7 (100%), other presenting symptoms included: diabetes mellitus (DM) 4/7 (57%), stomatitis 2/7 (28%), weight loss 4/7 (57%), anemia 4/7 (57%), diarrhea 1/7 (14%), DVT1/7 (14%). Plasma glucagon levels were increased in all patients (range 216.92–3155 pg/mL), and declined after surgery. Imaging studies revealed that four of seven patients had liver metastasis. Six of seven patients received surgical resection, and all of them received somatostatin analogue therapy. Symptoms improved significantly in 6 out of 7 patients. Three of seven patients died of this disease by the time of follow-up. Conclusion: Our data suggest that if persistent NME is associated with DM and high glucagon levels, timely abdominal imaging should be performed to confirm glucagonoma. Once diagnosed, surgery and somatostatin analogues are effective for symptom relief and tumor control.
Luminescent Cavity Design for High Ambient Contrast Ratio, High Efficiency Displays
Authors: Cifci Osman , Yoder Mikayla , Xu Lu , Chen Hao , Beck Christopher , He Junwen , Koscher Brent , Nett Zachary , Swabeck Joseph , Alivisatos A. Paul , Nuzzo Ralph , Braun Paul 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A key display characteristic is its efficiency (emitted light power divided by input power). While display efficiencies are being improved through emissive (e.g., quantum dot and organic light emitting display (OLED) designs1,2, which remove the highly inefficient color filters found in traditional liquid crystal displays (LCDs)3,4, polarization filters, which block about 50% of the light, remain required to inhibit ambient light reflection. We introduce a luminescent cavity design to replace both the color and polarization filters. Narrow-band, large Stokes shift, CdSe/CdS quantum dot emitters are embedded in a reflective cavity pixel element with a small top aperture. The remainder of the top surface is coated black reducing ambient light reflection. A single pixel demonstrates an extraction efficiency of 40.9% from a cavity with an 11% aperture opening. A simple proof-of-concept multi-pixel array is demonstrated.
Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy Cancel Out the Negative Survival Impact on Stage II/III Gastric Cancer Patients With Postoperative Complications
Authors: Shen Li-li , Lu Jun , Lin Jia , Xu Bin-bin , Xue Zhen , Wu Dong , Zheng Hua-long , Lin Guo-sheng , Huang Jiao-bao , Xie Jian-wei , Li Ping , Huang Chang-ming , Zheng Chao-hui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose The potential additive influence of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) on prognosis of patients with stage II/III gastric cancer (GC) who experienced complications after radical surgery is unclear.Methods The whole group was divided into a postoperative complication (PC) group and a postoperative non-complication (NPC) group, and the overall survival (OS) rate, recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups of patients. Results A total of 1563 patients between January 2010 and December 2015 in our center were included in this analysis. There were 268 patients (17.14%) in the PC group and 1295 patients (82.86%) in the NPC group. The 5-year OS rate of the PC group was 55.2%, the NPC group was 63.3%; and the 5-year RFS rate of the PC group was 53.7%, the non-PC group was 58.8%. Recurrence patterns showed no significant difference between the two group (all p>0.05). Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) significantly improved the OS and RFS rates of patients with and without PCs (both p<0.05), and it showed no significant difference between the PC group and the NPC group who received AC (both p> 0.05). Stratified analysis showed that AC only improve the OS or RFS rates of stage III patients (both p<0.05). Further stratified analysis of the time interval (TI) from operation to initiation of AC in the PC group showed that a TI after 6 weeks (≥6eeks) improved only the OS and RFS rates of stage III patients, while when a TI within 6 weeks (＜6weeks), a benefit was observed in stage II and III patients (both p<0.05).Conclusion AC can abolish the negative effect of PCs on the long-term survival of patients with stage III GC; for stage II patients, the above offset effect is affected by the TI. Delaying AC initiation after 6 weeks may not improve the survival of patients experienced stage II GC with complications.
Testing the Effectiveness of a Future Selves Intervention for Increasing Retirement Saving: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Mexico
Authors: Shah Avni , Hershfield Hal , Gomez David Munguia , Fishbane Alissa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
One psychological barrier impeding saving behavior is the inability to fully empathize with one’s future self. Future self interventions have improved savings by helping people overcome this obstacle. Despite the promise of such interventions, previous research has focused predominantly on hypothetical contexts and western settings where the target sample has been predominantly undergraduate. Do interventions that encourage people to more concretely consider their future selves during retirement still have a positive effect on behavior in consequential, real-world savings decisions? Using a field experiment in Mexico (N = 7,603), where less than 1% make a voluntary savings contribution annually, we developed a low-cost, easy-to-implement intervention to test whether concrete thinking about one’s future life improves recurring retirement savings signups relative to a status quo, control group. We find that future self decision aids significantly improved the likelihood of signing up for an automatic recurring savings plan by nearly four times compared to the control.
High serum levels of CML are associated with poor coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic total occlusion of coronary artery
Authors: Li Le Ying , Shen Ying , Chen Shuai , Li Fei Fei , Wu Zhi Ming , Ding Feng Hua , Wang Xiao Qun , Shen Wei Feng , Chen Qiu Jing , Dai Yang , Lu Lin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) is a crucial risk factor for the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. We investigated whether N-e-carboxy-methyl-lysine (CML), a major form of AGEs in vivo, was associated with poor coronary collateral vessel (CCV) formation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic total occlusion (CTO) of coronary artery.Methods: This study consisted of 242 T2DM patients with angiographically documented CTO. Blood samples were obtained and demographic/clinical characteristics were documented. The collateralization of these patients was defined according to Rentrop score. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and multivariable regression analysis were performed.Results: 242 patients were categorized into poor CCV group (Rentrop score 0 and 1)(n = 107) and good CCV group (Rentrop score 2 and 3)(n = 135). Serum CML levels were significantly higher in poor CCV group (110.0 ± 83.35 ng/ml) than in good CCV group (62.95 ± 58.83 ng/ml, P<0.001). Moreover, these CML levels were also significantly different across the Rentrop score 0, 1, 2 and 3 groups (P <0.001). In ROC curve for ascertaining poor CCV, AUCs were 0.70 (95% CI 0.64-0.77) for CML. In multivariable logistic regression, CML levels (P<0.001) remained independent determinants of poor CCV after adjustment of traditional risk factors. Conclusions: This study suggests that higher CML levels are associated to poor CCV in T2DM patients with CTO. Inhibition of AGEs including CML is a strategy in antagonizing poor CCV in diabetic patients.
Comparison of Operative Outcomes Between Monopolar and Bipolar Coagulation in Hepatectomy: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis in a Single Center
Authors: Muraki Ryuta , Morita Yoshifumi , Ida Shinya , Kitajima Ryo , Furuhashi Satoru , Takeda Makoto , Kikuchi Hirotoshi , Hiramatsu Yoshihiro , Fukazawa Atsuko , Sakaguchi Takanori , Fukushima Mayu , Okada Eisaku , Takeuchi Hiroya 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Various hemostatic devices have been utilized to reduce blood loss during hepatectomy. Nonetheless, a comparison between monopolar and bipolar coagulation, particularly their usefulness or inferiority, has been poorly documented. The aim of this study is to reveal the characteristics of these hemostatic devices.Methods: A total of 264 patients who underwent open hepatectomy at our institution from January 2009 to December 2018 were included. Monopolar and bipolar hemostatic devices were used in 160 (monopolar group) and 104 (bipolar group) cases, respectively. Operative outcomes and thermal damage to the resected specimens were compared between these groups using propensity score matching according to background factors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictive factors for postoperative complications.Results: After propensity score matching, 73 patients per group were enrolled. The monopolar group had significantly lower total operative time (239 vs. 275 min; P=0.013) and intraoperative blood loss (487 vs. 790 mL; P<0.001). However, the incidence rates of ascites (27.4% vs. 8.2%; P=0.002) and grade ≥3 intra-abdominal infection (12.3% vs. 2.7%; P=0.028) were significantly higher in the monopolar group. Thermal damage to the resected specimens was significantly longer in the monopolar group (4.6 vs. 1.2 mm; P<0.001). Use of monopolar hemostatic device was an independent risk factor for ascites (odds ratio, 5.626, 95% confidence interval 1.881–16.827; P=0.002) and severe intra-abdominal infection (odds ratio, 5.905, 95% confidence interval 1.096–31.825; P=0.039).Conclusions: Although monopolar devices have an excellent hemostatic ability, they might damage the remnant liver. The use of monopolar devices can be one of the factors that increase the frequency of complications.
Analysis of 3D Plastic Deformation in Vertical Rolling Based on Global Weighted Velocity Field
Authors: Yang Boxin , Xu Haojie , An Qi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Energy method is an essential theoretical approach to analyze plastic forming, which is widely used in rolling. An analysis model for vertical rolling process is established according to energy theory. By using global weighted method firstly, the 3D continuous velocity field, strain rate field and the corresponding power functional are proposed. The unknown variables are solved numerically based on the principle of minimum energy. Then, deformation parameters and rolling force are determined. The analysis on specific examples with the width reduction rate of 0.03~0.05 shows that the theoretical prediction value of weighted model is in good agreement with experimental results. Moreover, the effects of several shape and rolling parameters on rolling force, rolling power and edge deformation are studied. Both the width reduction rate and initial slab thickness have significant influences on dog-bone size and rolling force. A wider slab slightly increases the nonuniformity of dog-bone deformation. An increase of vertical roller radius can weaken the edge deformation.
Application of Whole Exome-trio Analysis Reveals Rare Variants Associated With Congenital Pouch Colon
Authors: Gupta Sonal , Mathur Praveen , Mishra Ashwani Kumar , Medicherla Krishna Mohan , Bandapalli Obul Reddy , Suravajhala Prashanth 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are individually common, but congenital pouch colon (CPC), a rare anorectal anomaly, causes a dilated pouch in the genitourinary tract. In this work, we attempted to identify de novo heterozygous missense variants and further discovered variants of unknown significance (VUS), which could provide insights into CPC manifestation and its etiology. From whole exome sequencing (WES) performed earlier, the trio exomes were analyzed from those who were admitted to J.K. Lon Hospital, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, India between 2011-2017. The proband exomes were compared with the unaffected sibling/family members, and we sought to ask whether any variants of significant interest are associated with the CPC manifestation. The WES data from a total of 64 samples, including 16 affected neonates with their parents and unaffected siblings, were used for the study. Although all samples had unaffected sibling samples and data, we restricted our pool of analyses to all probands (11 male and 5 female) and unaffected parents/siblings. We previously attempted to understand the genetic makeup of CPC and identified genes responsible for the disease using WES. We examined the role of rare allelic variation associated with CPC in a 16 proband/parent trio family comparing the mutations to those of their unaffected parents/siblings. Our study across 16 probands revealed extremely rare variants, viz. TAF1B, MUC5B and FRG1. The variants were further validated to reveal disease-causing mutations associated with CPC and genitourinary diseases that could close the gaps of surgery by bringing intervention in therapies.