bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective effects of glaucocalyxin A on the airway of asthmatic mice
Authors: Chen Si , Piao Ying , Song Yilan , Wang Zhiguang , Jiang Jingzhi , Piao Yihua , Li Li , Xu Chang , Li Liangchang , Chi Yongxue , Jin Guihua , Yan Guanghai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of glaucocalyxin A (GLA) on airways in mouse models of asthma, concerning the inflammatory mediators, Th1/Th2 subgroup imbalance, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signaling pathway. Hematoxylin and eosin/periodic acid–Schiff staining was used to observe the pathological changes in lung tissues. Inflammatory cytokine contents in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Protein expression levels were detected with Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. In vivo studies showed that, in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mouse models, the GLA treatments reduced the airway hyperresponsiveness and the secretion of inflammatory cells, declined the proliferation of goblet cells, decreased the levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, and increased the contents of interferon-γ and IL-12. Moreover, GLA inhibited the protein expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, TRAF6, and NF-κB in OVA-induced asthmatic mouse models. Further in vitro studies showed that GLA inhibited the expression of NF-κB, p-IκBα, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and IL-1β and blocked the nuclear transfer of NF-κB in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Conclusively, GLA can inhibit the inflammatory responses in OVA-induced asthmatic mice and inhibit the release of inflammatory factors in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages, which may be related to the inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Peripheral mechanisms of chronic pain
Authors: Zheng Qin , Dong Xintong , Green Dustin P. , Dong Xinzhong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Acutely, pain serves to protect us from potentially harmful stimuli, however damage to the somatosensory system can cause maladaptive changes in neurons leading to chronic pain. Although acute pain is fairly well controlled, chronic pain remains difficult to treat. Chronic pain is primarily a neuropathic condition, but studies examining the mechanisms underlying chronic pain are now looking beyond afferent nerve lesions and exploring new receptor targets, immune cells, and the role of the autonomic nervous system in contributing chronic pain conditions. The studies outlined in this review reveal how chronic pain is not only confined to alterations in the nervous system and presents findings on new treatment targets and for this debilitating disease.
Alternative method for determining basis weight in papermaking by using an interactive soft sensor based on an artificial neural network model
Authors: Rodríguez-Álvarez José L. , López-Herrera Rogelio , Villalón-Turrubiates Iván E. , García-Alcaraz Jorge L. , Díaz-Reza José R. , Arce-Valdez Jesús L. , Aragón-Banderas Osbaldo , Soto-Cabral Arturo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCurrently, there are two procedures to determine the basis weight in papermaking processes: the measurements made by the quality control laboratory or the measurements made by the quality control system. This research presents an alternative to estimating basis weight-based artificial neural network (ANN) modeling. The NN architecture was constructed by trial and error, obtaining the best results using two hidden layers with 48 and 12 neurons, respectively, in addition to the input and output layers. Mean absolute error and mean absolute percentage error was used for the loss and metric functions, respectively. Python was used in the training, validation, and testing process. The results indicate that the model can reasonably determine the basis weight given the independent variables analyzed here. TheR2{R^{2}}reached by the model was 94 %, andMAEwas 12.40 grams/m2. Using the same dataset, the fine tree regression model showed anR2{R^{2}}of 99 % and anMAEof 3.35 grams/m2. Additionally, a dataset not included in the building process was used to validate the method’s performance. The results showed that ANN-based modeling has a higher predictive capability than the regression tree model. Therefore, this model was embedded in a graphic user interface that was developed in Python.
Two fixed point results on F-metric spaces
Authors: Altun Ishak , Erduran Ali 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper presents two fixed point results for both single valued and multivalued mappings on F-metric spaces, which is introduced by Jleli and Samet [1]. First, we consider the concept of P-contraction for single valued mappings. Then using the Feng-Liu’s technique, we present a fixed point result for F-closed set valued mappings on F-metric spaces.
Structural insights into GABA transport inhibition using an engineered neurotransmitter transporter
Authors: Joseph Deepthi , Nayak Smruti Ranjan , Penmatsa Aravind 
Published: July 2022

Abstractγ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter, and its levels in the synaptic space are controlled by the GABA transporter isoforms (GATs). GATs are structurally related to biogenic amine transporters but display interactions with distinct inhibitors used as anti‐epileptics. In this study, we engineer the binding pocket of Drosophila melanogaster dopamine transporter to resemble GAT1 and determine high‐resolution X‐ray structures of the modified transporter in the substrate‐free state and in complex with GAT1 inhibitors NO711 and SKF89976a that are analogs of tiagabine, a medication prescribed for the treatment of partial seizures. We observe that the primary binding site undergoes substantial shifts in subsite architecture in the modified transporter to accommodate the two GAT1 inhibitors. We also observe that SKF89976a additionally interacts at an allosteric site in the extracellular vestibule, yielding an occluded conformation. Interchanging SKF89976a interacting residue in the extracellular loop 4 between GAT1 and dDAT suggests a role for this motif in the selective control of neurotransmitter uptake. Our findings, therefore, provide vital insights into the organizational principles dictating GAT1 activity and inhibition.
Protamines: lessons learned from mouse models
Authors: Arévalo Lena , Esther Merges Gina , Schneider Simon , Schorle Hubert 
Published: July 2022

In brief
Protamines package and shield the paternal DNA in the sperm nucleus and have been studied in many mouse models over decades. This review recapitulates and updates our knowledge about protamines and reveals a surprising complexity in protamine function and their interactions with other sperm nuclear proteins.

Abstract
The packaging and safeguarding of paternal DNA in the sperm cell nucleus is a critical feature of proper sperm function. Histones cannot mediate the necessary hypercondensation and shielding of chromatin required for motility and transit through the reproductive tracts. Paternal chromatin is therefore reorganized and ultimately packaged by protamines. In most mammalian species, one protamine is present in mature sperm (PRM1). In rodents and primates among others, however, mature sperm contain a second protamine (PRM2). Unlike PRM1, PRM2 is cleaved at its N-terminal end. Although protamines have been studied for decades due to their role in chromatin hypercondensation and involvement in male infertility, key aspects of their function are still unclear. This review updates and integrates our knowledge of protamines and their function based on lessons learned from mouse models and starts to answer open questions. The combined insights from recent work reveal that indeed both protamines are crucial for the production of functional sperm and indicate that the two protamines perform distinct functions beyond simple DNA compaction. Loss of one allele of PRM1 leads to subfertility whereas heterozygous loss of PRM2 does not. Unprocessed PRM2 seems to play a distinct role related to the eviction of intermediate DNA-bound proteins and the incorporation of both protamines into chromatin. For PRM1, on the other hand, heterozygous loss leads to strongly reduced sperm motility as the main phenotype, indicating that PRM1 might be important for processes ensuring correct motility, apart from DNA compaction.
Cuatro aproximaciones a la experiencia subjetiva desde la metodología de investigación fenomenológica hermenéutica
Authors: Pacheco Pacheco Cristóbal , Fossa Arcila Pablo 
Published: July 2022

En el presente artículo se realizó una aproximación a los planteamientos centrales a la metodología fenomenológica hermenéutica, como modo de acercamiento a la vivencia subjetiva particular. Es sobre la base de los planteamientos de filósofos tales como Husserl (2012), Heidegger (2020) y Merleau-Ponty (1945), que han surgido posibilidades de acercamiento a la construcción propia de la realidad a nivel particular, lo cual reviste un interesante campo de estudio. Este estudio realiza una revisión sistemática de cuatro formas de aproximación a la experiencia particular desde una dimensión fenomenológica y hermenéutica. Las metodologías consideradas son las siguientes: el paradigma de las ciencias humanas para el estudio fenomenológico de Max Van Manen (1990); el método descriptivo fenomenológico en psicología de Amedeo Giorgi (1986, 2009); la entrevista microfenomenológica de Claire Petitmengin (2006) y el Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) de Jonathan Smith y Mike Osborn (2003). Como conclusiones del presente estudio, se visualiza la necesidad de lograr una mayor estructuración metodológica que respete, a la vez, la tradición de un acercamiento desprejuiciado al estudio de los fenómenos, propios de la fenomenología y hermenéutica.
Conocimiento de la población peruana acerca de las acciones que componen la triada preventiva de la rabia transmitida por mordedura de canes domésticos
Authors: León Daphne , Amarista Manuel , Falcón Néstor 
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el conocimiento de la población peruana acerca de las acciones que componen la triada preventiva de la rabia que fueron reportados en la Encuesta Nacional de Programas Presupuestales 2020. Las variables independientes fueron los departamentos del país (incluye Callao), área (urbana y rural), región geográfica (costa, sierra y selva) y estratos sociodemográficos (A, B, C, D y E) urbanos. El estudio recuperó información de 52 791 encuestas, encontrándose que el componente de la triada preventiva reconocido con mayor frecuencia fue el acudir al establecimiento de salud (85.4%), seguido por lavarse la herida con abundante agua y jabón (43.1%) y, por último, identificar al animal agresor (15.5%). Estos componentes fueron reconocidos con mayor frecuencia en área urbana y en la costa del país. Se encontró una correlación positiva y directa entre el conocimiento de los componentes de la triada preventiva y el nivel socioeconómico. Entre los departamentos endémicos a rabia, Arequipa presentó una mejor proporción de respuestas favorables en comparación a Puno. Se concluye que es necesario difundir el conocimiento de los componentes de la triada preventiva, especialmente en zonas endémicas a rabia canina, a fin de incrementar las actitudes y prácticas que impacten en la reducción del riesgo de la transmisión del virus y el desarrollo de la enfermedad en humanos.
Systematic Compilation/Evaluation of Reduced B(E3) Transition Probabilities and Configurations of Octupole (∆I=3) Isomers in Mass A~200 Region
Authors: Rawat Prerna Singh , Kumar S , Chutani H. , Goyal M. 
Published: July 2022

Background: Strong octupole correlations are observed in mass region giving rise to a number of isomeric states decaying via type of transition involving interacting orbitals. Theoretically, the and neutron orbitals or the and proton orbitals are predicted to be involved in these enhanced decays.
Purpose: This work reports on the systematics of reduced transition probabilities and configurations of octupole isomers in order to compare them based on their structures such as even-even, even-odd, odd-even and odd-odd.
Methods: The data for a total of isomers is collected from the ENSDF/XUNDL Database of NNDC. The reduced transition probabilities are evaluated and compiled using the available data on half-life and branching ratios of the isomeric states having pure decay. In about cases, we have also evaluated the half-lives to get their adopted value to obtain the transition probability by RULER program.
Results: A systematic variation in the reduced transition strength is discussed as a function of neutron and proton number to see the contribution/effect from the core particles. An enhancement is observed experimentally for the isomeric states involving the and neutron orbitals or the and proton orbitals
Conclusions: The enhanced transitions rates are observed in nuclei having configurations with octupole effects.
Assessing the Effect of Electronic Medical Record Note Template on Firearm Access Screening in High-Risk Children
Authors: Hogan Alexander H. , Gadun Anes , Borrup Kevin , Hunter Amy A. , Campbell Brendan T. , Knod J. Leslie , Downs Jennifer , Rogers Steven C. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND
Children who survive a suicide attempt are at greater risk of later dying by suicide. Firearm screening and provision of lethal means restriction counseling may improve the safety of this high-risk cohort. Our objective was to determine firearm screening rates among children hospitalized after suicide attempts. We also assessed the effects of templating firearm screening questions into the psychiatric consultation note.

METHODS
This retrospective pre- and postintervention study identified children &lt;19 years old admitted after a suicide attempt from January 1, 2016 to March 1, 2020. In mid-2017, the psychiatry consult note incorporated a previously available optional firearm screening tool as an embedded field (intervention). The intervention effect on proportion of children at high risk screened for firearm access was assessed by interrupted time series analysis.

RESULTS
Of 26 088 total admissions, 357 met inclusion criteria. The majority were teenagers (15 years old, interquartile range 14 to 16), 275 were female (77%), and 167 were White (47%). Overall, 286 (80%) of patients had firearm access screening documentation. Of the 71 (20%) without screening, 21 (30%) were discharged from the hospital; 50 (70%) were transferred to psychiatric facilities. There was no significant difference in screening rates after the intervention (Intervention shift P = .74, slope P = .85).

CONCLUSIONS
Many children were not screened for firearm access after a suicide attempt requiring hospitalization despite the screening tool integration. Multidisciplinary quality improvement efforts are needed to ensure that this critical risk reduction intervention is implemented for all patients after a suicide attempt.
Detection of different colistin resistance mechanisms among multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Bulgaria
Authors: Markovska Rumyana , Marteva-Proevska Yuliya , Velinov Tzvetan , Pavlov Ivan , Kaneva Radka , Boyanova Lyudmila 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The more frequent usage of colistin resulted in an increase of colistin resistance due to lipopolysaccharide modifications. The aim of this study was to reveal the prevalence and mechanisms of colistin resistance among multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected in Bulgaria. One hundred multidrug resistant K. pneumoniae isolates were collected in a period between 2017 and 2018. Among them, 29 colistin resistant and 8 heteroresistant isolates were observed and further investigated. Clonal relatedness was detected by RAPD and MLST. Сarbapenemases, two component system phoQ/phoP, pmrA/B, and mgrB were investigated by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. Among 37 colistin nonsusceptible isolates, we detected 25 NDM-1 producers. The isolates belonged mainly to ST11 (80%), and also to ST147, ST35, ST340, ST219 (1-2 members per clone). Nine colistin resistant isolates showed changes in mgrB. IS903B-like elements truncated mgrB in five isolates. In two isolates, premature stopcodon (Q30stopcodon) was observed and another two isolates did not amplify mgrB, possibly due to bigger deletion or insertion. No isolates showed phoQ/phoP and pmrA/B mutations except for pmrB (four isolates had R256G). All isolates with IS903B insertions belonged to ST11 clone. The mgrB alterations play major role in colistin resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates studied in the current work. We report truncation of mgrB by IS903 like element in colistin resistant NDM-1 producing K. pneumoniae ST11 clone in Bulgaria.
Ground Motion Amplification at Natural Rock Arches in the Colorado Plateau
Authors: Finnegan Riley , Moore Jeffrey R. , Geimer Paul R. , Bessette-Kirton Erin K. , Dzubay Alex 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Thousands of rock arches are situated within the central Colorado Plateau—a region experiencing small- to moderate-magnitude contemporary seismicity. Recent anthropogenic activity has substantially increased the seismicity rate in some areas, raising questions about the potential for vibration damage of natural arches, many of which have high cultural value. However, predictions of the vibration response and potential for damage at a given site are limited by a lack of data describing spectral amplification of ground motion on these landforms. We analyzed 13 sandstone arches in Utah, computing site-to-reference spectral amplitude ratios from continuous ambient seismic data, and compared these to spectral ratios during earthquakes and teleseismic activity. We found peak ground velocities on arches at their dominant natural modes (in the range of 2–20 Hz) are ∼20–180 times the velocity on adjacent bedrock, due to amplification arising from slender geometry and low modal damping (0.8%–2.7%). Ambient spectral ratios are generally 1.2–2.0 times the coseismic spectral ratios. Because arches experience highly amplified ground motion, the range of earthquakes considered potentially damaging may need to be revised to include lower-magnitude events. Our results have implications for conservation management of these and other culturally valuable landforms.
Medico-Social Approach to the Development of a Methodology for Assessing the “Quality of Life” after Cataract Phacoemulsification. Part 2
Authors: Ovechkin I. G. , Ovechkin N. I. , Shakula A. V. , Pavlov A. I. , Pokrovsky D. F. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose. Development of the final version of the “quality of life” (QoL) questionnaire for a patient after cataract phacoemulsification (PEC) based on an expert assessment by ophthalmologists.Methods. According to the results of the previously completed stage of work, 35 possible complaints of the patient were identified. The study was performed with the participation of 47 expert ophthalmologists with professional experience from 7 to 35 years (average 19.2 ± 1.4 years), including experience in performing PE from 1 to 24 years (average 11.9 ± 1. 7 years). Each of the experts performed three main tasks: analysis of the primary version of the questionnaire for adding and (or) correcting questions; assessment of the relevance of each of the questions from the standpoint of the degree of influence on the patient’s QoL (0 points — the question is not relevant; 10 points — the question is very relevant); assessment of the “severity” of the complaint in terms of the frequency of occurrence (in the range from 10 points — the occurrence of a symptom does not determine the severity of the disease, to 0 points — the occurrence of a symptom determines the highest severity of the disease). At the same time, the following scaling procedure was used: “Practically no problems” (occur during 0–4 % of the patient’s total active time), “Mild problems” (5–24 %), “Moderate problems” (25–49 %), “Severe problems” (50–95 %), “Absolute problems” (96–100 %). “Virtually no problems” was indicated as 10 points.Results. As part of the solution of the first task, the number of questions was increased from 35 to 52. Mathematical analysis of the results of the second task was carried out on the basis of calculating the basic parameters of descriptive statistics for all 52 questions — the arithmetic mean (as a “weight” coefficient of the question) and standard deviation (as indicator of consistency of the position of the respondents). Subsequently, the “ejection” of insignificant questions was performed (according to the Pareto method with 80 % of the “pool” of questions with the maximum contribution to relevance), as well as the clinical association of similar questions and the assessment of statistical validation (feasibility) of such an association.Conclusion. An expert assessment of ophthalmologists confirmed the validity of using the “social model” of health based on the development of “domains” of the international classification of functioning when developing the QoL questionnaire after FEC. The final version of the «FEC-22» questionnaire fully complies with the content validity requirements.
Development of Clinical and Morphometric Classification of Macular Edema in Retinal Vein Occlusions
Authors: Fil A. A. , Sorokin E. L. , Kolenko O. V. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose. To study the morphometric features of macular edema in occlusions of the retinal veins, to determine and systematize the conditional gradations of the degrees of its severity.Patients and methods. 67 patients (67 eyes) were recruited using a continuous sampling method. Their age ranged from 38 to 84 years (on average 60.0 ± 10.5 years). Among them there were 27 men and 41 women. In 19 patients, there was an occlusion of the central retinal vein (28 %), in 48 people — occlusion of its branches (72 %). The lesions of the superior temporal branch prevailed — 32 people (65 %), 16 patients had occlusion of the inferior temporal branch (35 %). Systematization of the obtained data was carried out with the allocation of morphometric gradations of the severity of macular edema against the background of retinal vein occlusions.Results. According to our data, the morphometric parameters of the macular retina in the presence of macular edema were characterized by a wide range of gradations in the thickness of the foveal retina and the volume of the macular retina (from 239 to 861 μm and from 10,4 to 17,4 mm3 respectively).The morphological features of macular edema in retinal vein occlusions are the formation of cystic cavities in the outer and inner layers of the retina, convex deformation of the retinal profile, and the development of neuroepithelial detachment in 21 % of cases. Taking into account the data obtained, we proposed a conditional morphometric classification of the severity of macular edema in retinal vein occlusions. A mild degree of macular edema was characterized by values of the foveal retinal thickness index up to 400 μm; for medium — from 401 to 600 microns; for severe macular edema — over 600 microns. In accordance with our own conditional clinical morphometric classification of the severity of macular edema, mild macular edema was determined in 32 %, medium degree — in 43 %, severe — in 25 % of patients’ eyes.Conclusion. The identification of various clinical and morphometric degrees of severity of macular edema, in our opinion, is of practical importance, since it will allow more optimal and objective selection of the most optimal treatment tactics, taking into account the individual morphometric characteristics of the patient’s macular region.