bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of wood gap fillers composed of microcrystalline cellulose, paper pulp, and glass microballoons
Authors: Montaser Ebtehal Mahmoud , El Hadidi Nesrin M.N. , Abo Elenen Amin Enas 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to provide a deeper understanding of using filling materials that are used to fill gaps in wooden objects, and their response to changes in the surrounding environment to evaluate wood gap fillers and choose the best material. As a wide variety of materials, but most of them were unsuitable for filler mixtures. Specific materials were used, which can adapt to changes in wood size in response to changes in humidity. This research discusses the results of experiments that were conducted to determine how gap fillers composed of glass microballoons, microcrystalline cellulose and paper pulp fills are mixed with Klucel G, Paraloid B-72 and methyl cellulose as binders, and respond in various conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
It requires using several scientific and analytical techniques to provide a deeper understanding of filling materials characterization, dimensional stability, their shrinkage and study mechanical properties.

Findings
The analytical study of filling gaps in wooden objects with different filling materials allowed defining that the main drawbacks of the examined gap fillers were low water resistance, poor dimensional stability upon drying, or exposure to water vapor or liquid water, and fragility. Two types of gap fillers with high mechanical properties and pH values similar to those of wood were found to be appropriate for application on wooden archaeological artifacts.

Originality/value
The importance of the experimental study was to determine suitable filling materials and provide the basic characteristics of filling materials reversibility, workability, dimensional stability, lack of shrinkage, drying, ability to take color and be shaped, stability with aging, compatibility with wood in terms of behavior with changing humidity and non-toxicity. Also, strength properties or their likelihood to deform easily allowing changes in the shape of the wooden object during the movement of wood, either of which may be desirable in specific circumstances.
Caught in a trap? Financial Fair Play Regulations and the case of Scottish football
Authors: Maclean Finlay , Cordina Renzo , Gannon Martin J. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the Union of European Football Associations’s Financial Fair Play (FFP) Regulations in the context of the European football industry. This study seeks to explore whether these regulations are perceived by member organisations as contributing to the creation of a “poverty trap”. To do so, this study turns towards what are traditionally perceived as smaller clubs operating in smaller member associations and, in doing so, explores whether the regulations limiting benefactor payments are suitable for smaller leagues.

Design/methodology/approach
In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with key individuals involved in the management of Scottish football clubs. The Scottish context was chosen because of the disparity in revenues amongst competing teams and the limited broadcasting revenues achieved in comparison to some other European member associations.

Findings
FFP Regulations are perceived to be an effective tool for monitoring clubs and ensuring financial stability. However, the findings suggest that participants believe that these regulations consolidate the financial position of larger teams who rely on broadcasting and extant brand power for revenue generation. Further, smaller leagues demonstrate a lesser reliance on benefactor payments, and therefore, the restriction on benefactor payments inherent within FFP Regulations is posited by participants as holding little consequence and/or relevance within the Scottish football context.

Originality/value
Most prior studies on FFP Regulations have focused on generating quantitative insight into the application of FFP Regulations in large, resource-rich European football leagues. Through a qualitative approach, this study provides nascent exploratory insight into FFP Regulations from the perspective of smaller leagues.
Performance of open government data in a developing economy: a multi-stakeholder case analysis of Ghana
Authors: Bankuoru Egala Sulemana , Afful-Dadzie Eric 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis study uses the technology fit–viability theory to study the performance of one of the early pioneers of open government data (OGD) in Africa. The study aims to investigate the task and technology fit, as well as the economic, IT infrastructure and organisational viability as performance measures for the Ghana Open Government Data (GOGD) initiative.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a qualitative approach by interviewing key actors within the GOGD ecosystem, namely, the OGD implementing body, data suppliers and data users. The results were compared with established OGD best practices and standards around the world.FindingsThe results suggest that Ghana’s OGD architecture appears far from meeting its fit and viability goals because of lacklustre performance attributed to the following factors: a complete lack of synergy among various stakeholder groups and actors in the GOGD ecosystem, a lack of sustainable financial support for the implementing body, a shortage of qualified staff for the GOGD project and partial neglect of GOGD as a consequence of the implementation of a new project called eTransform.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is limited to Ghana’s OGD initiative. Perhaps, a comparative study on the performance of other OGD initiatives in Africa and other developed countries will present another view of how OGD initiatives are performing across the globe. Again, the number of interviewees in the study may not be sufficient to generalise the results.Practical implicationsThe study guides developing economies on how to examine national and international legal frameworks that have consequences on the usage of OGD at the national and sub-national levels. Besides, the study results will help implementing agencies and by extension government to be wary of the consequences of neglecting relevant stakeholders in the implementation process. The study also emphasizes on the need for developing economies to have sustainable funding and technical support for OGD implementation.Social implicationsThe study helps shape citizens’ understanding of what the government is doing pursuant to making data readily available for them. Because OGD spurs innovations, citizens’ continuous involvement is key in the process of realising government drive to be open and accountable to citizens through data.Originality/valueThis research is the first, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, to present a retrospective and prospective view of a country’s OGD implementation to ascertain the country’s fit and viability. More uniquely, this study will be the first, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, in assessing the performance of OGD setup in Africa.
Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: A 6‐year audit of adult presentations to an urban district hospital
Authors: Rotella Joe A , Ferretti Olivia G , Raisi Elham , Seet Hao Rui , Sarkar Soham 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the local experience of adult patients presenting with cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) to an urban ED in the outer northern suburbs of Melbourne.MethodsRetrospective chart review of adult patients presenting to the ED with a documented history of CHS or equivalent terminology from January 2015 to January 2021. Age, sex, cannabis use, clinical features, pathology results, imaging and symptomatic management were examined as well as outcomes regarding disposition, representation, morbidity and mortality.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐two adult presentations were included. Sixty‐seven were unique presentations and 29 were patients who represented during the study period. Most represented within 3 months (37.8%) and most represented at least twice. Males were overrepresented (68.7%). Patients were young (median age 31 years, interquartile range 23–35 years) and all had a history of regular cannabis use (usually daily). Cyclical nausea and/or vomiting was the most common clinical feature compared to others in previously reported diagnostic criteria. Patients typically had elevated white cell counts with associated neutrophilia (75.8%) and mild hypokalaemia (57.9%). Lipase was not elevated, and C‐reactive protein was typically less than 50 mmol/L (98.2%). Imaging was not commonly performed but largely normal. Treatment was supportive with anti‐emetic use, intravenous fluids and analgesia. There were no deaths or admissions to intensive care.ConclusionsCyclical nausea and vomiting was the most common feature observed in this cohort compared to other clinical features reported in prior studies. Serum lipase was normal and C‐reactive protein only mildly elevated. Prospective studies are required to further assess these findings.
A standard hemodialysis prescription to prevent osmotic demyelination in hyponatremic patients requiring dialysis
Authors: Koc Neriman Sila , Yildirim Tolga , Girgin Sinem , Onal Ceren , Tahillioglu Yagmur , Yilmaz Rahmi , Arici Mustafa , Altun Bulent , Erdem Yunus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to investigate the effect of a standard hemodialysis prescription in hyponatremic patients requiring hemodialysis on the development of osmotic demyelination syndrome.MethodsNinety‐nine patients who were treated with hemodialysis for the first time and had a pre‐dialysis sodium value of ≤125 meq/L included in the study. Standard hemodialysis treatment was applied to all patients. Biochemical data before, immediately after and 24 h after hemodialysis were recorded retrospectively. All patients followed up for 2 weeks and magnetic resonance imaging was performed in patients with neurological symptoms.ResultsEight patients had a sodium increase of more than 12 meq/L at 24‐h after hemodialysis. Although hyponatremia was corrected rapidly with hemodialysis, none of the 99 azotemic patients developed osmotic demyelination syndrome.ConclusionWe did not observe osmotic demyelination syndrome in hyponatremic patients with azotemia treated with standard protocol hemodialysis. However, caution should still be exercised in high‐risk patients for osmotic demyelination.
DNA barcodes highlight genetic diversity patterns in rodents from lowland desert and Andean areas in Argentina
Authors: Ojeda Agustina Alejandra , Novillo Agustina , Lanzone Cecilia , Rodríguez María Daniela , Cuevas Maria Fernanda , Jayat Jorge Pablo , Teta Pablo , Ojeda Ricardo Alberto , Borisenko Alex 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRodents are an important component of South America fauna. Their high diversity has motivated researchers to continually review their taxonomy, genetic diversity, species limits, and phylogenetic relationships. Here, we applied DNA‐barcodes for assessing the taxonomic and genetic diversity in the two major lineages of South American rodents: caviomorphs and sigmodontines. We analysed 335 COI barcodes in 34 morphologically determined species from 39 localities along central Andes and arid lands of Argentina. Neighbour‐joining and maximum likelihood reconstruction provided clear separation between species. The Barcode Index number and Bayesian Poisson tree processes were used to confirm concordance between sequence clusters and species designations by taxonomy. We found deep divergence within thePhyllotis xanthopygusspecies complex, with distances up to 13.0% between geographically separated lineages. Minor divergences (3.30% and 2.52%) were found withinAbrothrix hirta, andTympanoctomys barrerae, respectively, with differentiation in their genetic lineages. Also, we documented geographically separated clusters forAkodon spegazziniiandA. oenoswith up to 2.3% divergence, but clustering methods failed to distinguish them as different species. Sequence results show a clear barcode gap with a mean intraspecific divergence (0.56%) versus a minimum nearest‐neighbour distance averaging (10.1%). Distances between congeneric species varied from 4.1 to 14%, with the exception of two related forms withinEuneomysand the sister speciesAkodon spegazziniiandA. oenos. This study constitutes a substantial contribution to the global barcode reference library. It provides insights into the complex phylogeographic patterns and speciation scenarios in rodents, while highlighting areas that require in‐depth taxonomic and integrative research.
Competition in network industries: Evidence from the Rwandan mobile phone network
Authors: Björkegren Daniel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article analyzes the potential for competition policy to affect welfare and investment in a network industry. When a network is split between competitors, each internalizes less network effects, but may still invest to steal customers. I structurally estimate consumers' utility from adopting and using mobile phones, with transaction data from nearly the entire Rwandan network. I simulate the equilibrium choices of consumers and network operators. Adding a competitor earlier could have reduced prices and increased incentives to invest in rural towers, increasing welfare by the equivalent of 1% of GDP. However, forcing free interconnection can lower incentives to invest.
Carbon metabolism and adaptation of hyperalkaliphilic microbes in serpentinizing spring of Manleluag, the Philippines
Authors: Wang Yong , Li Wenli , Baker Brett J. , Zhou Yingli , He Lisheng , Danchin Antoine , Li Qingmei , Gao Zhaoming 
Published: February 2022

SummaryReduced substrates produced by the serpentinization reaction under hydration of olivine may have fuelled biological processes on early Earth. To understand the adaptive strategies and carbon metabolism of the microbes in the serpentinizing ecosystems, we reconstructed 18 draft genomes representing dominant species of Omnitrophicaeota, Gammaproteobacteria and Methanobacteria from the Manleluag serpentinizing spring in Zambales, Philippines (hyperalkaline and rich in methane and hydrogen). Phylogenomics revealed that two genomes were affiliated with a candidate phylum NPL‐UPA2 and the references of all our genomes were derived from ground waters, hot springs and the deep biosphere. C1 metabolism appears to be widespread as most of the genomes code for methanogenesis, CO oxidation and CO2 fixation. However, likely due to the low CO2 concentration and election acceptors, the biomass in the spring was extremely low (<103 cell/ml). Various Na+ and K+ transporters and Na+‐driving ATPases appear to be encoded by these genomes, suggesting that nutrient acquisition, bioenergetics and normal cytoplasmic pH were dependent on Na+ and K+ pumps. Our results advance our understanding of the metabolic potentials and bioenergetics of serpentinizing springs and provide a framework of the ecology of early Earth.
Inflammation in first‐episode psychosis: The contribution of inflammatory biomarkers to the emergence of negative symptoms, a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Dunleavy Connor , Elsworthy Richard J. , Upthegrove Rachel , Wood Stephen J. , Aldred Sarah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo provide a comprehensive analysis of cytokine perturbations in antipsychotic‐naïve first‐episode psychosis (FEP) populations and assess the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and negative symptom severity.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis following PRISMA guidelines were conducted. A total of 1042 records were identified via systematic search of EMBASE, MEDLINE and APA PsycInfo databases. Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for inclusion in the review. Ten of these studies had sufficient data for inclusion in a random effects, pooled‐effect meta‐analysis.ResultsA significant and large effect size was reported for IFN‐γ, IL‐6 and IL‐12, and a moderate effect size reported for IL‐17 (p = <0.05) in people with antipsychotic naive first episode psychosis, compared to healthy controls, suggesting a significant elevation in proinflammatory cytokine concentration. Non‐significant effect sizes were reported for TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐8 and IL‐10 (p = >0.05). Regarding proinflammatory cytokines and relationships to negative symptomology, moderate positive relationships were reported for negative symptoms and IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐6 and TNF‐α, across four studies. For anti‐inflammatory cytokines, one strong and one weak‐to‐moderate negative relationship was described for IL‐10 and negative symptoms. Contrastingly, a strong positive relationship was reported for IL‐4 and negative symptoms.ConclusionThere is evidence of significantly elevated proinflammatory cytokines in antipsychotic‐naïve FEP populations, alongside promising findings from cohort data suggesting an interaction between inflammation and primary negative symptomology. Future studies should seek to come to a consensus on a panel of cytokines that relate most specifically to negative symptoms, and consider longitudinal studies to investigate how cytokine fluctuations may relate to exacerbation of symptoms.
Medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws: a single centre, Far North Queensland case series
Authors: Smith S , Finn B , Goss AN 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMedication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is a painful debilitating condition which is considered rare in the medical literature available to prescribers. Dentists, however, are likely to trigger this condition through extractions and implants. Anecdotally MRONJ appears more common than first thought. This paper presents 13 cases of MRONJ diagnosed and treated by a single oral and maxillofacial surgeon based in Cairns, Far North Queensland, in a 2‐year period. The management of these cases is presented. The two cases where MRONJ resulted in the loss of dental implants are highlighted. © 2022 Australian Dental Association
Phylogenies of traits and functions in soil invertebrate assemblages
Authors: Ross Giles M. , Berg Matty P. , Salmon Sandrine , Nielsen Uffe N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSoil invertebrates are members of terrestrial ecosystems, contributing to the processing of organic matter, resulting in carbon and nutrient cycling that is essential for continuous productivity. By linking species delineations, morphological traits and measured or inferred functional roles, we demonstrate a method for functional identification of soil faunal assemblages based on molecular information. Here we align the genetic inter‐relatedness and functional trait expression in nematodes and springtails. Nematodes were assigned feeding guild, plant parasitic feeding type and coloniser‐persister (c‐p) value, with springtail sequences assigned to soil vertical stratification level, soil moisture preference and a selection of morphological traits.We found that both nematode and springtail feeding preferences show significant phylogenetic clustering. In contrast, greater dispersal was found amongst nematode coloniser‐persister (c‐p) values and springtail soil vertical stratification level and moisture preferences. Minimum patristic (p) distances between species supported the clustering amongst nematode feeding guilds, with plant feeders being separated from all other guilds by at least p = 0.99. Distances between endoparasitic, ectoparasitic and sedentary plant parasitic nematodes were also distinct with minimal distances of p = 0.35–0.72 between parasitic types. Springtail stratification level and soil moisture preferences showed greater dispersion across phylogenies, with negligible between‐group minimum patristic distances. However, nematode c‐p values and springtail moisture preference alignments indicate some genetic conservation at the genus level.These results indicate how ecosystems can direct trait conservation beyond that of environmental stimuli. Being able to assign functional traits to novel sequences will allow individual species' likely contribution to ecosystem functioning to be inferred without the need for exact taxonomic identification. More broadly, such information can advance our understanding of the evolution of soil faunal traits and the contribution of diverse soil assemblages to functional soil systems, particularly those with a high proportion of undescribed species.
Managing the allergy and asthma epidemic in 2020s—Lessons from the Finnish experience
Authors: Haahtela Tari , Jantunen Juha , Saarinen Kimmo , Tommila Erja , Valovirta Erkka , Vasankari Tuula , Mäkelä Mika J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn Finland, a systematic public health programme was implemented from 2008 to 2018 to mitigate the burden of allergic disorders by revisiting the prevention strategy. Allergy health and contacts with natural environment were emphasized to promote immunological and psychological resilience instead of poorly justified avoidance. Allergy management practices were improved and low‐valued recommendations for care, for example for food allergy, were revised. Patients and families were empowered to use guided self‐management to proactively stop symptom exacerbations. A professional non‐governmental organization implemented the nationwide education for healthcare and patient NGOs for patients, families and lay public. In healthcare, the work supporting allergic patients and families was organized towards common goals and integrated into everyday work without extra costs. Reaching the predefined goals was followed by employing the national healthcare registers and questionnaire surveys. Governmental bodies contributed with kick‐off funding, which was supplemented by private funding. International collaboration, for example with the European patient organization (EFA), increased awareness of the Finnish action and predisposed it for peer review. The 10‐year results are favourable, patients are less disabled, practices and attitudes in healthcare have changed, and major cost savings have been obtained. Views of the lay public and patients are slow to move, however. Local multidisciplinary allergy teams were set up to continue the activities also after the Programme. Changes in environment and lifestyle in the last 50 years are the main reasons for the allergy rise. The Finnish experience may help to manage allergic diseases, improve nature relatedness in the fast‐urbanizing world, combat nature loss and reduce the disease burden.