bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of sacubitril/valsartan versus valsartan on renal function in patients with and without diabetes and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: insights from PARAGON‐HF
Authors: Peikert Alexander , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Mc Causland Finnian , Claggett Brian L. , Chatur Safia , Packer Milton , Pfeffer Marc A. , Zannad Faiez , Lefkowitz Martin P. , Pieske Burkert , Düngen Hans‐Dirk , McMurray John J.V. , Solomon Scott D. 
Published: February 2022

AimsDiabetes is associated with a faster rate of renal function decline in patients with heart failure (HF). Sacubitril/valsartan attenuates the deterioration of renal function to a greater extent in patients with diabetes and HF with reduced ejection fraction compared with renin–angiotensin system inhibitors alone. We assessed whether the same may be true in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Methods and resultsIn the PARAGON‐HF trial in patients with HF and left ventricular ejection fraction of ≥45% (n = 4796), we characterized the effects of sacubitril/valsartan on changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over a period of 192 weeks, and on the pre‐specified renal composite outcome (eGFR reduction of ≥50%, end‐stage renal disease, or death attributable to renal causes) in patients with (n = 2388) and without diabetes (n = 2408). The decline in eGFR was greater in patients with diabetes than in those without (−2.6 vs. −1.7 ml/min/1.73 m2 per year, p < 0.001), regardless of treatment assignment. Sacubitril/valsartan attenuated decline in eGFR similarly in patients with (−2.2 vs. −2.9 ml/min/1.73 m2 per year, p = 0.001) and without diabetes (−1.5 vs. −2.0 ml/min/1.73 m2 per year, p = 0.006) (pinteraction for difference in eGFR slopes = 0.40). Compared with valsartan, sacubitril/valsartan reduced the renal composite outcome similarly in patients without diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19–0.91) and those with diabetes (HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33–0.89; pinteraction = 0.59), as well as across a range of baseline glycated haemoglobin (pinteraction = 0.71).ConclusionSacubitril/valsartan, compared with valsartan, attenuates the decline of eGFR and reduces clinically relevant kidney events similarly among patients with HFpEF with and without diabetes.
Steric and Electronic Properties of Indole‐Derived CAAC Ligands
Authors: Termühlen Sebastian , Dutschke Patrick D. , Hepp Alexander , Ekkehardt Hahn F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe electronic properties of two indole‐derived CAAC ligands, featuring N−Et (II) or N−H (IV) substituents, have been investigated by DFT calculations. The calculations revealed frontier orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) with energies closely related to those of the conventional N‐DIPP substituted CAAC I. The selenium adduct of the N−H substituted CAAC 1 has been prepared and characterized by X‐ray diffraction methods and 77Se NMR spectroscopy revealing π‐acceptor properties of the CAAC similar to classical CAACs of type I. While the electronic properties of the indole‐derived CAACs II and IV are similar to those of classical CAACs, their % Vbur is significantly smaller due to the smaller N‐substituents falling in the range of % Vbur for sterically less demanding N‐heterocyclic carbenes.
The Selective Nickel‐Catalyzed N‐Allylation of C3‐Unprotected Indoles under Mild and Clean Conditions
Authors: Mouhsine Bouchaib , Karim Abdallah , Dumont Clément , Saint Pol Anthony , Suisse Isabelle , Sauthier Mathieu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA simple salt free and selective N‐allylation of indoles with allylic alcohols has been developed. The protocol uses a catalytic amount of a nickel complex generated in situ from Ni(cod)2 and dppf as diphosphine. The use of DMSO as the reaction solvent is crucial to control the regioselectivity of the reaction with the exclusive formation of the N‐allyl product among up to three possible products.
A blockchain based approach for the authorization policies delegation in emergency situations
Authors: Sherazi Syed Noman Ali , Zahoor Ehtesham , Akhtar Sabina , Perrin Olivier 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere are many facets to implementing security within an organization and one such measure is the authorization or the access control process. The recent rise of decentralized file systems such as interplanetary file system (IPFS) allow for decentralized storage of resource using content addressing. Naturally, the authorization process for handling these resources needs to be decentralized as well and decentralized ledger technologies, such as the blockchain with the support of smart contracts can be used to manage the authorization process. In this article, we propose an approach which allows for decoupling authorization logic from the core capabilities of a smart contract and providing advance authorization capabilities, such as contextual delegation, to be readily available. The proposed approach is expressive and can handle many aspects related to authorization such as role‐based access control, conflicts, and redundancy reduction. We have used an efficient and modular approach for designing smart contracts. This makes them easier to manage and redeploy, if needed. The data structures used in the smart contracts are carefully chosen to minimize the gas cost, as evident from performance evaluation results.
Health‐related outcomes in patients enrolled on surgical and non‐surgical routes in a weight management service
Authors: Stephenson John , Haywood Annette , Bond Michael , Gillibrand Warren , Bissell Paul , Holding Eleanor , Holt Rachel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsThis study evaluates a specialist weight management service and compares outcomes in participants referred to the service undergoing either surgery or non‐surgical routes to support weight loss.MethodsFour hundred and forty eight participants were assessed on various weight‐related outcomes (body mass index [BMI], psychological distress, quality of life, nutrition, weight‐related symptoms, physical activity) on referral to the service and on discharge. The effect of group (surgery or non‐surgery) and time in the service were facilitated by doubly multivariate analyses of variance models.ResultsBetween referral and discharge, participants improved significantly on a combination of outcomes (P < .001) and on each outcome assessed individually. The magnitude of overall improvement was moderate (partial‐η2 = 0.141). Individual improvement components varied; including a moderate reduction of 3.2% in the BMI outcome measure and a substantive gain of 64.6% in quality of life. Participants on non‐surgical routes performed significantly better than participants on surgical routes on a linear combination of outcomes (P < .001) and on all outcomes except nutrition; with an effect of route small‐to‐moderate in magnitude (partial‐η2 = 0.090).ConclusionsWeight management services are successful in achieving weight management‐related outcomes in the short‐ and long‐term, with large overall improvements between referral and discharge averaged over all participants observed. Non‐surgical routes appear to confer benefits between referral and discharge compared to surgical routes.
Refugees' and non‐refugee migrants' regret about migration and confidence in integration: The role of forcedness and perils before and during migration
Authors: Knausenberger Judith , Arian Mana , Hellmann Jens H. , Echterhoff Gerald 
Published: February 2022

Refugees typically experience stronger migration forcedness and higher migration‐related perils (harm, adversities and hardship) than do non‐refugee migrants. We explored how refugees' and non‐refugee migrants' perceptions of their own forcedness of migration and related perils before and during migration are associated with regret about leaving their country of origin and their confidence in integration. In two studies conducted with refugee and non‐refugee migrants in Germany (total N = 336), we found correlations between perceived forcedness and premigration perils, and perils during migration, with meaningful differences between groups from different countries. Importantly, regret about migration was predicted by an interaction effect of perceived forcedness and migration perils: Perils encountered during migration increased regret about having migrated when perceived forcedness was low (vs. high). As important potential predictors of confidence in integration and regret, we also assessed discrimination experienced in the receiving society (Study 1) and resilience (Study 2). Importantly, we found that high (vs. low) perceived migration perils buffered negative effects of discrimination experienced in the host country. We discuss implications of our findings for integration in the receiving society, highlighting the role of perceived forcedness in coping with distressing experiences before and after arrival in the host country.
Trabecular Bone Score Reference Values for Children and Adolescents According to Age, Sex, and Ancestry
Authors: Kalkwarf Heidi J , Shepherd John A , Hans Didier , Gonzalez Rodriguez Elena , Kindler Joseph M , Lappe Joan M , Oberfield Sharon , Winer Karen K , Zemel Babette S 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Trabecular bone score (TBS) is used for fracture prediction in adults, but its utility in children is limited by absence of appropriate reference values. We aimed to develop reference ranges for TBS by age, sex, and population ancestry for youth ages 5 to 20 years. We also investigated the association between height, body mass index (BMI), and TBS, agreement between TBS and lumbar spine areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) Z-scores, tracking of TBS Z-scores over time, and precision of TBS measurements. We performed secondary analysis of spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans from the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study (BMDCS), a mixed longitudinal cohort of healthy children (n = 2014) evaluated at five US centers. TBS was derived using a dedicated TBS algorithm accounting for tissue thickness rather than BMI. TBS increased only during ages corresponding to pubertal development with an earlier increase in females than males. There were no differences in TBS between African Americans and non-African Americans. We provide sex-specific TBS reference ranges and LMS values for calculation of TBS Z-scores by age and means and SD for calculation of Z-scores by pubertal stage. TBS Z-scores were positively associated with height Z-scores at some ages. TBS Z-scores explained only 27% and 17% of the variance of spine aBMD and BMAD Z-scores. Tracking of TBS Z-scores over 6 years was lower (r = 0.47) than for aBMD or BMAD Z-scores (r = 0.74 to 0.79), and precision error of TBS (2.87%) was greater than for aBMD (0.85%) and BMAD (1.22%). In sum, TBS Z-scores provide information distinct from spine aBMD and BMAD Z-scores. Our robust reference ranges for TBS in a well-characterized pediatric cohort and precision error estimates provide essential tools for clinical assessment using TBS and determination of its value in predicting bone fragility in childhood and adolescence. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Professional leadership training programs for dental faculty: Perspectives of the US dental school deans
Authors: Park Sang E. , Chung Dahee , Giannobile William V. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of the study was to explore the influence of leadership training programs on career development and to gain insight into the perspectives on faculty training programs according to the current US dental school deans.MethodsThis prospective study analyzed the results of a questionnaire distributed to 67 active Deans of U.S dental schools using a survey instrument that explored the areas of leadership programs that were useful, the support mechanisms received from institutions, and the necessity to integrate formal leadership development programs into training programs for faculty and students.ResultsAmong 33 participants (49.3% participation rate) in the study, 97% of responders strongly or somewhat agreed that leadership development programs could improve the quality of leadership and administrative skills. The respondents found that the most useful areas in leadership training were conflict resolution, communication skills, organizational change, diversity, inclusion, and belonging. The findings highlighted that critical barriers to accessing leadership training are financial support and lack of protected time for faculty. The results also showed that 73% strongly or somewhat agreed that the leadership training should be integrated into the predoctoral program and 87% into the postdoctoral graduate programs.ConclusionParticipation in formal leadership development programs for faculty leaders in dental education is viewed as beneficial and could offer dental educators leadership training to better navigate the academic environment. The findings suggest the need to further explore the availability and effectiveness of leadership development opportunities for developing current and future educators and administrative leaders.
Local impedance measurements during contact force‐guided cavotricuspid isthmus ablation for predicting an effective radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Sasaki Takehito , Nakamura Kohki , Minami Kentaro , Take Yutaka , Nakatani Yosuke , Miki Yuko , Goto Koji , Kaseno Kenichi , Yamashita Eiji , Koyama Keiko , Naito Shigeto 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn ablation catheter capable of contact force (CF) and local impedance (LI) monitoring (IntellaNav StablePoint, Boston Scientific) has been recently launched. We evaluated the relationship between the CF and LI values during radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) along the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI).MethodsFifty consecutive subjects who underwent a CTI‐RFCA using IntellaNav StablePoint catheters were retrospectively studied. The initial CF and LI at the start of the RF applications and mean CF and minimum LI during the RF applications were measured. The absolute and percentage LI drops were calculated as the difference between the initial and minimum LIs and 100 × absolute LI drop/initial LI, respectively.ResultsWe analyzed 602 first‐pass RF applications. A weak correlation was observed between the initial CF and LI (r = 0.13) and between the mean CF and LI drops (r = 0.22). The initial LI and absolute and percentage LI drops were greater at effective ablation sites than ineffective ablation sites (median, 151 vs. 138 Ω, 22 vs. 14 Ω, and 14.4% vs. 9.9%; p < .001), but the initial and mean CF did not differ. At optimal cutoffs of 21 Ω and 10.8% for the absolute and percentage LI drops according to the receiver‐operating characteristic analysis, the sensitivity, and specificity for predicting an effective ablation were 57.4% and 88.9% and 80.0%, and 61.1%, respectively.ConclusionsThe effective sites during the CF‐guided CTI‐RFCA had greater initial LI and LI drops than the ineffective sites. Absolute and percentage LI drops of 21 Ω and 10.8% may be appropriate targets for an effective ablation.
A systematic review of temporal person‐environment fit research: Trends, developments, obstacles, and opportunities for future research
Authors: Vleugels Wouter , Verbruggen Marijke , De Cooman Rein , Billsberry Jon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this systematic review, we present a comprehensive overview of the temporal person environment (PE) fit literature. To this end, we organize and integrate extant temporal fit research and discuss research trends and developments in the temporal domain. Our analysis reveals that temporal conceptualizations of fit vary in terms of change process (transitional, developmental, transformational), level of aggregation (situational vs. baseline level), and temporal frame (clock time vs. psychological time), all of which divide the temporal fit literature in significant ways. Furthermore, our analysis shows that progress in the temporal fit domain has been confined by five major obstacles: An emphasis on selection and socialization processes, a narrow focus on the between‐person level of analysis, preoccupation with linear change, a strong interest in normal causation questions, and a lack of attention to misfit. We conclude with a discussion of the research challenges that lie ahead and provide suggestions to tackle these challenges and expand temporal PE fit research in new directions.
Association between recent U.S. northeast precipitation trends and Greenland blocking
Authors: Simonson Julia M. , Birkel Sean D. , Maasch Kirk A. , Mayewski Paul A. , Lyon Bradfield , Carleton Andrew M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSince the early 2000s, the northeastern region of the United States (USNE) has received increased total annual precipitation along with more frequent extreme precipitation events. Although previous work has discussed the contribution to increased extreme precipitation from tropical cyclones, the large‐scale driver(s) of summer precipitation increases in the extratropics has received little attention. Here, we show that the summer‐season rainfall surpluses across the USNE are related to the increased frequency of atmospheric blocking over Greenland and the negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation. The occurrence of these patterns in summer has been previously connected with southward shifted storm tracks and wet conditions across the eastern North Atlantic. Over the USNE, the circulation shifts are also related to enhanced rainfall due to southerly wind anomalies and increased moisture transport into and vertical motion over the region. It is important to note that the current generation of climate models used for future projections is unable to reproduce the observed tendency towards increased atmospheric blocking over Greenland. Thus, clarifying the association between Greenland blocking and recent precipitation changes across the USNE may help inform future climate projections of summer season rainfall for the region.
Low albumin level is more strongly associated with adverse outcomes and Staphylococcus aureus infection than hemoglobin A1C or smoking tobacco
Authors: Campbell Michael P. , Mott Makinzie D. , Owen John R. , Reznicek Julie E. , Beck Christopher A. , Muthukrishnan Gowrishankar , Golladay Gregory J. , Kates Stephen L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPostsurgical deep musculoskeletal infections are a major clinical problem in Orthopaedic Surgery. A serum‐based nomogram, which can objectively risk‐stratify patients, and aid surgeons in delineating infection risk associated with orthopedic surgical interventions, would be immensely helpful. Here, we constructed a multi‐parametric nomogram based on serum anti‐Staphylococcus aureus antibody responses, patient characteristics including demographics and standard clinical tests. This nomogram was formally tested in a prospective cohort study comparing 303 hospitalized patients with culture‐confirmed S. aureus infection compared with a cohort of 223 healthy screened preoperative patients. Serum anti‐S. aureus antibody responses, standard of care clinical tests, and patient demographic data were utilized to perform multivariate logistic regression analysis to quantify the presence of infection and adverse outcome using odds ratios (OR) and to assess predictive ability via area under the ROC curve (AUC). At enrollment, high anti‐S. aureus IgG titers were predictive of infection. Remarkably, low serum albumin was found to be significantly associated with infection (OR = 479.963, 95% CI 61.59 ‐ 3740.33, p < 0.0001) and this finding was surprisingly higher than BMI or HbA1c‐associations. Combining all risk factors in the nomogram yielded a diagnostic AUC of 0.949 for predicting S. aureus infection. Our results indicate that a serum‐based multi‐parametric nomogram can be useful in diagnosing S. aureus infections, and importantly, malnourishment is significantly associated with these infections.
Adherence to Mediterranean diet, physical activity level, and severity of periodontitis: Results from a university‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Marruganti Crystal , Traversi Jacopo , Gaeta Carlo , Ferrari Cagidiaco Edoardo , Parrini Stefano , Discepoli Nicola , Grandini Simone 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) and physical activity (PA) level with the periodontal status of a University‐based cohort of individuals.MethodsA total of 235 individuals were included in the study. MD adherence and PA level were registered through validated questionnaires, together with a full periodontal examination. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) [95% confidence interval] were calculated to evaluate the association between MD adherence, PA level, and periodontitis severity. A final logistic multivariate regression model was built to evaluate the impact of the combination between low MD adherence and low PA level on the prevalence of Stage III/IV periodontitis.ResultsThe adjusted ORs for Stage III/IV periodontitis were 1.65 [0.84 to 3.28; P = 0.42] for low PA and 5.63 [3.21 to 9.84; P = 0.00] for low MD adherence. The final logistic multivariate regression model resulted in OR = 10.23 [4.01, 26.09; P = 0.00] of having Stage III/IV periodontitis in individuals with low MD adherence and low PA.ConclusionsIndividuals conducting a lifestyle characterized by the combination of low MD adherence and lack of regular exercise had 10 times the odds to have severe forms of periodontitis.
Digital planning and individual implants for secondary reconstruction of midfacial deformities: A pilot study
Authors: Liokatis Paris , Malenova Yoana , Fegg Florian‐Nepomuk , Haidari Selgai , Probst Monika , Boskov Marko , Cornelius Carl‐Peter , Troeltzsch Matthias , Probst Florian‐Andreas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of implementing three‐dimensional virtual surgical planning (VSP) and subsequent transfer by additive manufactured tools in the secondary reconstruction of residual post‐traumatic deformities in the midface.MethodsPatients after secondary reconstruction of post‐traumatic midfacial deformities were included in this case series. The metrical deviation between the virtually planned and postoperative position of patient‐specific implants (PSI) and bone segments was measured at corresponding reference points. Further information collected included demographic data, post‐traumatic symptoms, and type of transfer tools.ResultsEight consecutive patients were enrolled in the study. In five patients, VSP with subsequent manufacturing of combined predrilling/osteotomy guides and PSI was performed. In three patients, osteotomy guides, repositioning guides, and individually prebent plates were used following VSP. The median distances between the virtually planned and the postoperative position of the PSI were 2.01 mm (n = 18) compared to a median distance concerning the bone segments of 3.05 mm (n = 12). In patients where PSI were used, the median displacement of the bone segments was lower (n = 7, median 2.77 mm) than in the group with prebent plates (n = 5, 3.28 mm).ConclusionThis study demonstrated the feasibility of VSP and transfer by additive manufactured tools for the secondary reconstruction of complex residual post‐traumatic deformities in the midface. However, the median deviations observed in this case series were unexpectedly high. The use of navigational systems may further improve the level of accuracy.