bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of DC casting of large-size rare earth magnesium alloy ingot under low-frequency electromagnetic field
Authors: Zhou Zhongliang , Yang Yiqiang , Duan Wenchao , Zhang Zhiqiang , Cui Jianzhong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
For studying the changes of macro-physical field in the casting process of large-scale rare earth magnesium alloy, through the numerical simulation method, a two-dimensional axisymmetric multi-physical field coupling model was established by using the multi-physical simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics. The changes of temperature field, flow field, Lorentz force, and solidification characteristics of large-size rare earth magnesium alloy with diameter of 750 mm under different electromagnetic parameters (magnetic field frequency and current intensity) in steady-state of direct-chill (DC) casting were studied. The results reveal that using a magnetic field can reduce the temperature gradient and greatly accelerate the melt flow, the depth of the sump is reduced by about 50 mm. The magnetic field intensity rises as the magnetic field frequency increases, but the skin depth of the magnetic field decreases from 64.9 mm to 36.4 mm. With the growth of current, the skin depth of the magnetic field remains unchanged, the sump increases, and the magnetic field intensity increases.
Bioavailability and speciation of Cadmium in contaminated paddy soil as alleviated by biochar from co-pyrolysis of peanut shells and maize straw
Authors: Xu Weijie , Xiao Linlin , Hou Shuzhen , Rukh Gul , Xu Meizhen , Pan Yatian , Xu Jingweng , Lan Wangkaining , Ruan Zhongqiang , Zhong Bing , Liu Dan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Biochar is an important material for remediation of Cd in contaminated paddy soils. However, different biochars have variable effects on bioavailability of Cd while single biochar can not properly amend immobilized Cd. Co-pyrolysis biochar was produced from peanut shell and maize straw in variable mass mixture ratios. The characteristics, properties and effects of co-pyrolysis biochars on amendments of Cd polluted paddy soil was evaluated.Results: Our research revealed that yield, ash, elemental contents and specific surface area of co-pyrolysis biochars have variable amendment effects compared with single biochar. The co-pyrolysis biochar have produced rich oxygen-containing functional groups and crystal structure, especially 1P3M (co-pyrolysis produced from peanut shell and maize straw in mass ratios of 1:3). The addition of biochar has significantly enhanced pH and EC value, however, content of available Cd during incubation was significantly reduced compared with control treatment. The efficiency of biochars have reduced available Cd in order of 1P3M > M > 1P1M > 1P2M > 2P1M > 3P1M > P after incubation. The 1P3M was most effective in reducing CaCl2-extractable Cd concentration up to 43.97%. The BCR sequential extraction method has produced lowest exchangeable fraction Cd content and highest residual fraction Cd content in 1P3M among all biochar amended treatments. Conclusions: It is concluded that 1P3M has a much greater potential to decreased the bioavailability of Cd in contaminated paddy soil. And 1P3M was highly effective for transporting Cd from soluble form to less toxic stable forms in polluted paddy soils.
Soil moisture revamps the temperature extremes in a warming climate over India
Authors: Mujumdar Milind , Ganeshi Naresh , Takaya Yuhei , Goswami Mangesh , Singh Bhupendra Bahadur , Krishnan Raghavan , Terao Toru 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In a warming climate, land-atmosphere interaction is one of the key aspects controlling the temperature extremes (ExT). We explore the impact of soil moisture-temperature (SM-T) coupling on the ExT over India. Observations and simulations identify the transitional regions of north-central India (NCI) as a hotspot of strong SM-T coupling. Over NCI, the historical simulation shows an occurrence of 4-5 extreme events per year, with an average duration of 5-6 days and intensity exceeding 46°C whereas future projection indicates alarming, long-lasting, and more frequent ExT. A 20% departure in SM significantly modulates ExT conditions by 7-30% with the difference in the 50-year return value of the block maxima Generalized Extreme Value distribution fit reaching upto 1.25°C and 3°C for historical and future climate, respectively. ExT conditions are modulated through intensification/abridgement of sensible heat flux by limiting/intensifying available total energy for evaporative cooling due to faster/slower dissipation of positive soil moisture anomalies.
Longitudinal association of dietary habits and the risk of cardiovascular disease among Iranian population between 2001 and 2013: The Isfahan Cohort Study
Authors: Mohseni Maryam , Mohammadifard Noushin , Hassannejhad Razieh , Aghabozorgi Mahnaz , Shirani Fatemeh , Sadeghi Masoumeh , Roohafza Hamidreza , Sarrrafzadegan Nizal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: There has been a steady rise in the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Iranian population. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of Global Dietary Index (GDI) and CVD risk among Iranian adults population.Method: This study was conducted based on Isfahan Cohort Study, a longitudinal study which collected data between 2001 to 2013on 6405 adults. Dietary intakes were assessed by a validated FFQ to calculate GDI. All participants were followed every two years by phone call to ask about death, any hospitalization or cardiovascular events to examine CVD events.Results: During 55017 person-years of follow-up, one unit GDI increase was associated with the higher risk of MI, stroke and CVD by 72% (HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.04-2.84), 76% (HR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.09-2.85) and 48% (HR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.03-2.14), respectively and higher risk of CHD more than 2 times (HR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.50-3.60) and CVD mortality and all-cause mortality over than 3 times [(HR: 3.65; 95% CI: 1.90-7.01) and (HR: 3.10; 95% CI: 1.90-5.06), respectively] in total population. Conclusions: Higher GDI had a significant relationship with the increased risk of CVD events and all-cause mortality. Further randomized clinical trial studies are suggested to confirm our findings.
Efficient Use of Bacillus Cereus Bacteria to Make Durable Concrete
Authors: Priyom Sudipto Nath , Islam Md. Moinul , Shumi Wahhida 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Concrete is today’s material of choice for construction worldwide because of its strength and cost effectiveness. However, its system behavior is greatly influenced by the environment. Environmental influences can initiate cracking of the concrete due to changes and differences in temperature, changes in moisture content, and internal drying shrinkage. This present research investigation aims at improving the durability of the concrete by incorporating Bacillus cereus which led to the formation of “Microbial Concrete”. Concrete specimens of 100 mm cubical size were cast using B. cereus species maintaining five different water to culture ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100) and cured for 28, 60 and 90. An optimum microbial concentration (0:100) was determined first on the basis of strength development. New specimens were cast again using that optimum concentration and cured for 7, 14, 28, 60, 90 and 180 days in plain water with and without using bacteria. The specimens were taken out periodically and subjected to compressive and tensile strength tests. B. cereus bacteria were found to be effective in increasing compressive (up to 21%) and tensile strength (up to 31%) than all concrete groups. Cylindrical concrete specimens were also be cast to monitor pulse velocity (UPV) and maximum increment (up to 9%) was recorded for specimens prepared with B. cereus strain. Later on surface morphology test (SEM) was also done to confirm presence of mineral precipitation in inner structures of concrete.
A new principal design of a sustainable power plant to produce combined Hydrogen-Carbon dioxide fuel for industrial applications
Authors: Nouri Milad , Miansarigavzan Morteza , Mahmoudi Jafar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an innovative geothermal-based hybrid energy structure incorporated with power production units and industrial fuels is developed and evaluated. This integrated structure comprises an organic Rankine cycle power plant, lead-acid battery, proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, and oxyfuel power plant to generate power, hydrogen, and liquid carbon dioxide simultaneously. The comprehensive energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, and sensitivity analyses are conducted. The geothermal unit provides 9390 kW thermal power to run the organic Rankine cycle, which is designed using different working fluids to produce initial power to drive the water electrolyzer system (453 kW initial power). The electrolyzer system produces 80 m 3 /h hydrogen as the main product to be stored in a reservoir and 40 m 3 /h oxygen to drive an oxyfuel power plant that generates 41.11 MW power with 79.91% exergy efficiency. The amount of liquid carbon dioxide production is around 10.186 kg/s. For specified conditions, the total power generation is about 42 MW and the exergoeconomic analysis illustrates that the maximum capital cost occurs in oxyfuel power plant’s compressors and turbines with 938.31 $/h and 732.45 $/h, respectively. The proposed integrated structure can certainly provide a new approach toward generating power and industrial fuels utilizing geothermal renewable energy sources.
Application of Columba livia Feather as a Bioindicator of Industrial Pollution
Authors: Asgari Fariba , Sajjadi Nooshin , Zaeimdar Mojgan , Sadeghi Mostafa , Tehrani Mahnaz Mirza Ebrahim 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In developing countries, the use of bioindicators could be a good way to transmit pollutants to the environment. In this study, the accumulation of heavy metals such as lead, zinc and cadmium in Columba livia feathers in males and females and live and dead species inside in the Industrial town of Zinc-Zanjan and comparison with control species outside the industrial town were studied. The feathers of 164 pigeons were collected and dissolved by chemical digestion method. In this study, heavy metals were measured by the avanta GBC atomic absorption device. The mean concentrations of lead, zinc and cadmium were determined greater in dead female pigeons, dead male pigeons, live female pigeons, and live male pigeons respectively. This was also the case with the control species. Statistical analysis of data was performed with SAS software. (P ≤ 0.05, 95% confidence level) and (P ≤ 0.01, 99% confidence level) were considered as significant differences. The results of statistical tests in the samples inside in the Industrial town of Zinc-Zanjan showed that there is a significant statistical relationship between gender and live and dead bird and elements of lead, zinc and cadmium, while for the control species outside industrial town were different. Significant levels of heavy metals in bird feathers indicate their usefulness as a non-invasive tool to show the concentration of metals in pigeons to control the level of pollution in the environment. The present study showed that Columba livia had suitable biological characteristics for use as a bioindicator of industrial pollution.
Simulation study on the effect of pore structure and surface curvature of activated carbon on the adsorption and separation performance of CO2 /N2
Authors: Chen Weihua , Huang Weiqiu , Fu Lipei , Li Xufei , Wang Xinya , Zheng Yongyin , Zhang Yilong , Zhu Jiahui , Zhu Bing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method was used to explore the effects of four pore structures (disordered pore, wedge pore, carbon nanotube and slit pore structures) and surface curvature of activated carbon on the adsorption and separation of CO2/N2. On the whole, carbon nanotubes have the greatest selectivity for CO2, followed by disordered pores, wedge pores and slit pores. The effect of pore structure on the interaction energy of gas molecules is similar to that of selectivity, in which the fluid-solid potential energy between adsorbates and adsorbents plays an important role. Due to the different affinity between adsorbate molecules and activated carbon, CO2 with high affinity is more sensitive to the change of pore size. Therefore, under high pressure, the density of CO2 in the slit pore is greater than that in the wedge pore. However, N2 with poor affinity is limited by the surface area, resulting in the density of it in the wedge pore is always higher than that in the slit pore. Although the existence of non-six membered corannulene rings in activated carbon can’t always cause the increase of specific surface area, the surface curvature of activated carbon caused by it can increase strong energetically adsorption sites. Hence, the surface curvature plays a positive role in the adsorption density, interaction energy and CO2 selectivity. The discovery of CO2/N2 adsorption and separation at the molecular level is expected to provide valuable insights.
IDH3γ serves as a redox switch that regulates mitochondrial energy metabolism and contractility in the heart under oxidative stress
Authors: Nanadikar Maithily , Leon Ana Vergel , Guo Jia , Belle Gijsbert van , Jatho Aline , Brandner Astrid , Böckmann Rainer , Rhunzu Shi , Brodesser Susanne , Schmidtendorf Marlen , Lee Jingyun , Wu Hanzhi , Furdui Cristina , Burgoyne Joseph , Bogeski Ivan , Riemer Jan , Chowdhury Arpita , Rehling Peter , Bruegmann Tobias , Belousov Vsevolod , Katschinski Dörthe 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Redox signaling and cardiac function are tightly linked. Still, it is largely unknown which protein targets are affected by H2O2 in cardiomyocytes that underly the impaired inotropic effects in oxidative stress. Here, we combined a new chemogenetic mouse model (HyPer-DAO mice) and a redox proteomics approach to identify redox sensitive proteins. Using the HyPer-DAO mice, we prove that increased endogenous production of H2O2 in cardiomyocytes leads to a reversibly impaired cardiac contractility in vivo. We identified the γ-subunit of the TCA cycle enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)3 as a redox switch and link its modification to mitochondrial metabolism and glutathione synthesis. Microsecond molecular dynamics simulations combined with experiments using cysteine-gene-edited point mutated cells revealed that IDH3γ Cys148 and 284 are critically involved in H2O2-dependent regulation of IDH3 activity. The oxidative modification of IDH3γ regulates the competition between energy production by TCA cycle flux and cellular anti-oxidant defense by glutathione synthesis.
ceRNA network analysis reveals the molecular mechanism by which umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells reverse thymic epithelial cell senescence
Authors: Yang Zai-ling , Zhu Xiang-qing , Chuan Tian , Jing Zhao , Ruan Guang-ping , Hang Pan , Jie He , Kai Wang , Wei Wang , Pan Xing-hua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: A decreased number of thymic epithelial cells and the development of dysfunction of this population have been reported to be important factors in thymic degeneration, which can lead to thymus degeneration, proliferation defects and peripheral T-cell dysfunction. Previous research showed that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can restore the structure and function of the aging thymus in vivo, but the specific mechanism is still unclear.Methods: We treated thymic epithelial cells with H2O2 to establish a cellular senescence model. We assessed the effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on thymic epithelial cells and investigated the lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA profiles of these cells. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Genome Encyclopedia analyses were performed on these RNAs to identify key pathways.Results: Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells significantly reversed the H2O2-induced senescence of thymic epithelial cells. We identified 172 differentially expressed lncRNAs, 23 differentially expressed miRNAs and 272 differentially expressed mRNAs associated with the reversal of thymic epithelial senescence by umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was identified as a key signaling pathway that promotes cell proliferation by regulating the cell cycle. Finally, we constructed a lncRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network using matched miRNA, lncRNA, and mRNA expression profiles in the model dataset and altered miRNA expression profiles in umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.Conclusion: Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have a protective effect against H2O2-induced thymic epithelial cell senescence. Our study provides new insights into the ceRNA-mediated gene regulation of thymic senescence progression and the mechanism of action of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.
Extended and Sufficient Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection at Robotic Prostatectomy for High-risk Prostate Cancer Benefits Biochemical Recurrence-free Survival: A Single-center, Propensity Score-matched Analysis
Authors: Yashi Masahiro , Yokoyama Megumi , Nakamura Gaku , Uematsu Toshitaka , Suzuki Issei , Sakamoto Kazumasa , Nishihara Daisaku , Kijima Toshiki , Ishida Kazuyuki , Kaji Yasushi , Kamai Takao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: A recent randomized controlled trial failed to demonstrate oncological benefit from extended pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) during radical prostatectomy, while subgroup analysis suggested a potential benefit in high grade prostate cancer (PCa). We evaluated early survival outcome in contemporary PCa patients using propensity score (PS)-matched analysis.Methods: Three hundred and seventy-eight patients with high-risk PCa were enrolled. They were determined to have a lymph node (LN) involvement probability of greater than 5%. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network classification and Johns Hopkins University criteria were used as risk stratification. Clinical stage was determined by assessing digital rectal examination and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. Biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival was compared between the two groups divided by the threshold of LN yield, which was set at 15.Results: The mean LN yield was 23.9 and 3.4, and the positive LN rate was 20.1% and 2.0% in the sufficient and insufficient LN yield groups, respectively. In the entire unmatched cohort, the estimated curve was 15.6% superior in 3-year BCR-free survival for sufficient LN yield (hazard ratio [HR] 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40-0.94; p=0.025). The PS-matched cohort was converged in each LN yield group to 117 patients, and the difference in the 3-year BCR-free survival widened to 24.8% (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.26-0.74; p=0.002). In the PS-matched analyses of subgroups, the statistical difference was consistent in both standard high-risk PCa (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.20-0.93; p=0.033) and very high-risk PCa (HR 0.45, 95% CI 0.21-0.96; p=0.040). Conclusions: Our results possibly demonstrate the therapeutic role of PLND in high-risk PCa. The benefit of PLND depends on the surgeon complying with the extended template and removing a sufficient number of LNs in selected patients with an optimal risk-range.
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: Clinical Result Comparison of Oral Dydrogesterone and Micronized Vaginal Progesterone Gel Use for Luteal Phase Support in Embryo Transfer Cycles
Authors: Eren Gülnur , Görkemli Hüseyin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to prospectively compare the effects of oral dydrogesterone and micronized vaginal progesterone (MVP) gel for luteal phase support on the pregnancy outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and embryo transfer (ET) cycles with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation using gonadotropin-releasing hormone in antagonists protocol.Materials and Methods: Women with infertility who attended the gynecology and obstetrics department of Meram Medical Faculty Hospital between January 2017 and January 2021 were evaluated. For the purpose of this research study, 301 patients who underwent ICSI-ET were divided into two groups. Micronized vaginal progesterone (Crinone 8% 90 mg gel with 1 time daily) was administered to 147 patients in the first group; and oral dydrogesterone (Duphaston 10 mg with 3 time daily), to 154 patients in the second group from the day of oocyte pick-up. On the twelfth day post-transfer , the ß-hCG and serum progesterone levels were measured, and the results were evaluated. A β-hCG value of ≥ 20 mIU/mL was considered to be a positive result. The rates of biochemical pregnancy, clinical abortion, clinical pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy were compared between the two groups.Results: Among the women who underwent ICSI-ET, those who received vaginal progesterone gel and oral dydrogesterone on the day of oocyte retrieval showed similar serum progesterone levels and β-hCG positivity, biochemical pregnancy, clinical abortion, clinical pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy rates. In terms of side effect profile, vaginal discharge and irritation complaints were found to be significantly lower in the oral progesterone group.Conclusion: The clinical results obtained from the patients who were given vaginal progesterone and oral dydrogesterone supplementation were similar. Oral progesterone support is an effective method that is more easily tolerated by patients and can be safely used for luteal phase support.
CircPAK1 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via modulation of YAP nucleus localization by interacting with 14-3-3ζ
Authors: Hao Xiaopei , Zhang Yao , Shi Xiaoli , Zheng Zhiying , Han Guoyong , Rong Dawei , Tang Weiwei , Wang Xuehao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Circular RNA (circRNA), a new class of non-coding RNA, has obvious correlations with the occurrence and development of many diseases, including tumors. This study aimed to investigate the potential roles of circPAK1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods
High-throughput sequencing was performed on 3 pairs of HCC and matched normal tissues to determine the upregulated circRNAs. The expression level of circPAK1 was detected by qRT-PCR in HCC and paired with normal liver tissue samples. The effects of circPAK1 on proliferation, invasion, metastasis and apoptosis of HCC cells were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. We also constructed CS/si-circPAK1 nanocomplexes using Chitosan material to evaluate its in vivo therapeutic effect on HCC. High-throughput sequencing, RNA-sequencing, RNA probe pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation and Co-Immunoprecipitation assays were performed to explore the relationship between circPAK1, 14-3-3ζ, p-LATS1 and YAP. Exosomes isolated from lenvatinib-resistant HCC cell lines were used to evaluate the relationship between exosomal circPAK1 and lenvatinib resistance.
Results
CircPAK1, a novel circRNA, is highly expressed in HCC tumor tissues and cell lines as well as correlated with poor outcomes in HCC patients. Functionally, circPAK1 knockdown inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while circPAK1 overexpression promoted HCC progression. The tumor-promoting phenotypes of circPAK1 on HCC were also confirmed by animal experiments. Importantly, the design and the application of CS/si-circPAK1 nanocomplexes showed a better therapeutic effect on tumor growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, RNA-sequencing showed circPAK1 enhanced HCC progression by inactivating the Hippo signaling pathway, and this kind of inactivation is based on its competitively binding of 14-3-3 ζ with YAP, which weakens the recruitment and cytoplasmic fixation of 14-3-3 ζ to YAP, thus promoting YAP nucleus localization. Additionally, we found circPAK1 could be transported by exosomes from lenvatinib-resistant cells to sensitive cells and induce lenvatinib resistance of receipt cells.
Conclusion
CircPAK1 exerts its oncogenic function by competitively binding 14-3-3 ζ with YAP, thus promoting YAP nucleus localization, leading to the inactivation of a Hippo signaling pathway. Exosomal circPAK1 may drive resistance to lenvatinib, providing a potential therapeutic target for HCC patients.