bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of oral administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 on the treatment of plaque-induced generalized gingivitis
Authors: de Almeida Silva Levi Yara Loyanne , Ribeiro Marcella Costa , Silva Pedro Henrique Félix , Silva Giselle Aparecida , de Souza Salvador Sergio Luiz , de Souza Sérgio Luís Scombatti , Casarin Renato , Júnior Arthur Belem Novaes , Júnior Mario Taba , Palioto Daniela Bazan , Honório Heitor Marques , Messora Michel Reis , Furlaneto Flávia Aparecida Chaves 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluated the adjuvant effects of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 on the treatment of plaque-induced generalized gingivitis.

Materials and methods
Sixty patients were submitted to professional supragingival scaling and prophylaxis. They were randomly assigned to test (probiotic lozenges containing B. lactis HN019, n = 30) or control (placebo lozenges, n = 30) groups. Lozenges were consumed twice a day for 8 weeks. Bleeding on probing (BoP), Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated at baseline and after 2 and 8 weeks. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected at baseline and at 8 weeks for analysis of the inflammatory mediators IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-8, MCP-1, and MIP-1β. Data were statistically analyzed (p < 0.05).

Results
After 8 weeks, both groups showed reduction in the percentage of PI, with no significant difference between groups (p = 0.7423). The test group presented a lower percentage of BoP and a higher percentage of sites with GI ≤ 1 when compared with the control group at the end of the study (p < 0.0001). At 8 weeks, the test group had a greater number of patients without generalized gingivitis than the control group (20 and 11 patients, respectively; p < 0.05). The test group presented significantly lower levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, and MCP-1 in GCF than the control group at the end of the study (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The adjunct use of B. lactis HN019 promotes additional clinical and immunological benefits in the treatment of generalized gingivitis.

Clinical relevance
B. lactis HN019 can be an efficient and side-effect-free adjunct strategy in the treatment of generalized gingivitis.
Ernährungssituation im Rettungsdienst
Authors: Schneider Melanie , Deist Saskia , Lührmann Petra 
Published: October 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Eine ausgewogene Ernährung hat eine besondere Bedeutung für die Gesundheit. Zur Ernährungssituation von Beschäftigten im Rettungsdienst liegen kaum Daten vor.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Berufsgruppe der Beschäftigten im Rettungsdienst sollte bezüglich ihres Verzehrverhaltens sowie der Barrieren und Ressourcen für eine gesundheitsfördernde Ernährung untersucht werden.

Material und Methoden
134 Beschäftigte im Rettungsdienst wurden mittels Fragebogen zur Ernährungssituation inkl. Verzehrverhalten (food frequency), Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung (SWE), Barrieren und Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten hinsichtlich einer gesundheitsfördernden Ernährung befragt.

Ergebnisse
Die Beschäftigten verzehren im Vergleich zu den Empfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährung zu wenig Gemüse, Obst, Vollkornprodukte sowie Milch(-produkte) und die Männer zu viel Fleisch und Wurst. Lebensmittel mit hohem Energiegehalt und/oder ungünstigem Nährstoffprofil, wie Fast Food, Süßigkeiten, Knabberartikel und zuckergesüßte Getränke, haben einen zu hohen Stellenwert in der Ernährung der Befragten. Nur etwa ein Fünftel der Beschäftigten weist ein günstiges Ernährungsmuster auf. Die SWE für die Umsetzung einer gesundheitsfördernden Ernährung während des Diensts ist deutlich geringer als die im Alltag (p < 0,001). Barrieren sind die Aspekte Zeit, finanzielle Mittel, Küchenausstattung und Planungsunsicherheit. Als Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten werden die Schaffung eines Speisenangebots und zeitlichen Rahmens sowie Ausstattungsoptimierungen bei den Rettungswachen genannt.

Diskussion
Führungskräfte sollten für die besonderen Herausforderungen und Chancen der Ernährung im Hinblick auf Gesundheit und Leistungsfähigkeit der Beschäftigten im Rettungsdienst sensibilisiert werden. Ernährungsbezogene Maßnahmen sollten fester Bestandteil der betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung werden.
Paradoxical choice and the reinforcing value of information
Authors: Ajuwon Victor , Ojeda Andrés , Murphy Robin A. , Monteiro Tiago , Kacelnik Alex 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSignals that reduce uncertainty can be valuable because well-informed decision-makers can better align their preferences to opportunities. However, some birds and mammals display an appetite for informative signals that cannot be used to increase returns. We explore the role that reward-predictive stimuli have in fostering such preferences, aiming at distinguishing between two putative underlying mechanisms. The ‘information hypothesis’ proposes that reducing uncertainty is reinforcing per se, somewhat consistently with the concept of curiosity: a motivation to know in the absence of tractable extrinsic benefits. In contrast, the ‘conditioned reinforcement hypothesis’, an associative account, proposes asymmetries in secondarily acquired reinforcement: post-choice stimuli announcing forthcoming rewards (S+) reinforce responses more than stimuli signalling no rewards (S−) inhibit responses. In three treatments, rats faced two equally profitable options delivering food probabilistically after a fixed delay. In the informative option (Info), food or no food was signalled immediately after choice, whereas in the non-informative option (NoInfo) outcomes were uncertain until the delay lapsed. Subjects preferred Info when (1) both outcomes were explicitly signalled by salient auditory cues, (2) only forthcoming food delivery was explicitly signalled, and (3) only the absence of forthcoming reward was explicitly signalled. Acquisition was slower in (3), when food was not explicitly signalled, showing that signals for positive outcomes have a greater influence on the development of preference than signals for negative ones. Our results are consistent with an elaborated conditioned reinforcement account, and with the conjecture that both uncertainty reduction and conditioned reinforcement jointly act to generate preference.
Cost, environmental impact, and resilience of renewable energy under a changing climate: a review
Authors: Osman Ahmed I. , Chen Lin , Yang Mingyu , Msigwa Goodluck , Farghali Mohamed , Fawzy Samer , Rooney David W. , Yap Pow-Seng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEnergy derived from fossil fuels contributes significantly to global climate change, accounting for more than 75% of global greenhouse gas emissions and approximately 90% of all carbon dioxide emissions. Alternative energy from renewable sources must be utilized to decarbonize the energy sector. However, the adverse effects of climate change, such as increasing temperatures, extreme winds, rising sea levels, and decreased precipitation, may impact renewable energies. Here we review renewable energies with a focus on costs, the impact of climate on renewable energies, the impact of renewable energies on the environment, economy, and on decarbonization in different countries. We focus on solar, wind, biomass, hydropower, and geothermal energy. We observe that the price of solar photovoltaic energy has declined from $0.417 in 2010 to $0.048/kilowatt-hour in 2021. Similarly, prices have declined by 68% for onshore wind, 60% for offshore wind, 68% for concentrated solar power, and 14% for biomass energy. Wind energy and hydropower production could decrease by as much as 40% in some regions due to climate change, whereas solar energy appears the least impacted energy source. Climate change can also modify biomass productivity, growth, chemical composition, and soil microbial communities. Hydroelectric power plants are the most damaging to the environment; and solar photovoltaics must be carefully installed to reduce their impact. Wind turbines and biomass power plants have a minimal environmental impact; therefore, they should be implemented extensively. Renewable energy sources could decarbonize 90% of the electricity industry by 2050, drastically reducing carbon emissions, and contributing to climate change mitigation. By establishing the zero carbon emission decarbonization concept, the future of renewable energy is promising, with the potential to replace fossil fuel-derived energy and limit global temperature rise to 1.5 °C by 2050.
Der Einfluss der Fahrgassenpflege auf das Mikroklima in Schwarzen Johannisbeeren (Ribes nigrum L.)
Authors: Nagler Linda , Schwefler Jana , Käthner Jana , Giebel Antje , Kramer Eckart 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel der Untersuchung war es, den Einfluss der Fahrgassenpflegefrequenz auf die Lufttemperatur und die relative Luftfeuchte in Plantagen mit Schwarzen Johannisbeeren (Ribes nigrum L.) zu ermitteln. In der Praxis dient das Kurzhalten des Fahrgassenbewuchses als angewandte und präventive Methodik, um die Durchlüftung im Bestand zu verbessern und den Krankheitsdruck zu senken. Die On-Farm-Versuche fanden auf zwei ökologisch geführten Strauchbeerenbetrieben in Brandenburg (Weggun und Schöneiche) über einen Zeitraum von März bis Juni 2021 statt. Die Einflüsse der Pflegefrequenz auf das Mikroklima in den Fahrgassen wurden für praxisübliche Mahdfrequenz („business as usual“, BAU) und erhöhte Mahdfrequenz (TEST) ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass mit einem kontinuierlichen Kurzhalten der Fahrgassen eine nachweisbare Beeinflussung auf die bodennahe Lufttemperatur und Luftfeuchte stattfindet. Dabei führte eine erhöhte Mahdfrequenz (TEST) teils zu einer signifikant höheren mittleren Lufttemperatur als in praxisüblicher Pflege (BAU), wohingegen die mittlere relative Luftfeuchte signifikant geringer war. Die Effekte waren abhängig vom Zeitpunkt und vom Standort. Über die Versuchsperiode konnten maximale mittlere Lufttemperaturdifferenzen von 1,14 °C (Standort Weggun) bzw. 1,96 °C (Standort Schöneiche) sowie maximale mittlere relative Luftfeuchtedifferenzen von 3,69 % (Standort Weggun) bzw. 3,90 % (Standort Schöneiche) zwischen den Varianten TEST und BAU festgestellt werden. Vor allem in der Plantage mit dem geringeren Reihenabstand tritt dieser Effekt deutlicher auf. Die Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, dass die Plantagenstruktur einen Einfluss auf die Effekte hat, was in zukünftigen Versuchen untersucht werden sollte.
How to design virus containment policies? A joint analysis of economic and epidemic dynamics under the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Basurto Alessandro , Dawid Herbert , Harting Philipp , Hepp Jasper , Kohlweyer Dirk 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe analyze the impact of different designs of COVID-19-related lockdown policies on economic loss and mortality using a micro-level simulation model, which combines a multi-sectoral closed economy with an epidemic transmission model. In particular, the model captures explicitly the (stochastic) effect of interactions between heterogeneous agents during different economic activities on virus transmissions. The empirical validity of the model is established using data on economic and pandemic dynamics in Germany in the first 6 months after the COVID-19 outbreak. We show that a policy-inducing switch between a strict lockdown and a full opening-up of economic activity based on a high incidence threshold is strictly dominated by alternative policies, which are based on a low incidence threshold combined with a light lockdown with weak restrictions of economic activity or even a continuous weak lockdown. Furthermore, also the ex ante variance of the economic loss suffered during the pandemic is substantially lower under these policies. Keeping the other policy parameters fixed, a variation of the consumption restrictions during the lockdown induces a trade-off between GDP loss and mortality. Furthermore, we study the robustness of these findings with respect to alternative pandemic scenarios and examine the optimal timing of lifting containment measures in light of a vaccination rollout in the population.
Nonlinear consolidation analysis of multilayered soil with coupled vertical-radial drainage using the spectral method
Authors: Xu Bin-Hua , Indraratna Buddhima , Rujikiatkamjorn Cholachat , Nguyen Thanh T. , He Ning 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe nonlinear variation of soil compressibility and permeability with void ratio (i.e., e-log σ′ and e-log k) has been included in the consolidation theory to accurately predict the behavior of soft soil stabilized by vertical drains. However, most current nonlinear consolidation models incorporating the coupled radial-vertical flow are based on some simplified assumptions, while including some features such as the complex implementation of multilayered computations, time-dependent loading and stress distribution with depth. This study hence introduces a novel approach where the spectral method is used to analyze the nonlinear consolidation behavior of multilayered soil associated with coupled vertical-radial drainage. In addition, time- and depth-dependent stress and soil properties at each soil layer are incorporated into the proposed model. Subsequently, the solution is verified against experimental and field data with comparison to previous analytical solutions. The results show greater accuracy of the proposed method in predicting in-situ soil behavior. A parametric study based on the proposed solution indicates that the ratio between the compression and permeability indices (ω = Cc/Ck) has a great impact on the consolidation rate, i.e., the greater the ω, the smaller the consolidation rate. Increasing the load increment ratio and the absolute difference between unity and ω (i.e., |ω − 1|) can exacerbate prediction error if the conventional simplified methods are used.
Extension of the value function reformulation to multiobjective bilevel optimization
Authors: Lafhim Lahoussine , Zemkoho Alain 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe consider a multiobjective bilevel optimization problem with vector-valued upper- and lower-level objective functions. Such problems have attracted a lot of interest in recent years. However, so far, scalarization has appeared to be the main approach used to deal with the lower-level problem. Here, we utilize the concept of frontier map that extends the notion of optimal value function to our parametric multiobjective lower-level problem. Based on this, we build a tractable constraint qualification that we use to derive necessary optimality conditions for the problem. Subsequently, we show that our resulting necessary optimality conditions represent a natural extension from standard optimistic bilevel programs with scalar objective functions.
Detection of apoptosis by [18F]ML-10 after cardiac ischemia–reperfusion injury in mice
Authors: Fischer Maximilian , Zacherl Mathias J. , Olivier Jessica , Lindner Simon , Massberg Steffen , Bartenstein Peter , Grawe Freba , Ziegler Sibylle , Brendel Matthias , Lehner Sebastian , Boening Guido , Todica Andrei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
Myocardial infarction leads to ischemic heart disease and cell death, which is still a major obstacle in western society. In vivo imaging of apoptosis, a defined cascade of cell death, could identify myocardial tissue at risk.

Methods
Using 2-(5-[18F]fluoropentyl)-2-methyl-malonic acid ([18F]ML-10) in autoradiography and positron emission tomography (PET) visualized apoptosis in a mouse model of transient ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) PET imaging indicated the defect area. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) histology stain indicated cardiac apoptosis.

Results
[18F]ML-10 uptake was evident in the ischemic area after transient LAD ligation in ex vivo autoradiography and in vivo PET imaging. Detection of [18F]ML-10 is in line with the defect visualized by [18F]FDG and the histological approach of TUNEL staining.

Conclusion
The tracer [18F]ML-10 is suitable for detecting apoptosis after transient LAD ligation in mice.
Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Localization Microscopy with Bipartite Graph-Based Microbubble Pairing and Kalman-Filtering-Based Tracking on a 256-Channel Verasonics Ultrasound System with a 32 × 32 Matrix Array
Authors: Lok U-Wai , Huang Chengwu , Trzasko Joshua D. , Kim Yohan , Lucien Fabrice , Tang Shanshan , Gong Ping , Song Pengfei , Chen Shigao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) using a 2-D matrix probe and microbubbles (MBs) has recently been proposed to visualize microvasculature in three spatial dimensions beyond the ultrasound diffraction limit. However, 3D ULM has several limitations, including: (1) high system complexity, (2) complex MB flow dynamics in 3D, and (3) extremely long acquisition time that had to be addressed.

Method
To reduce the system complexity while maintaining high image quality, we used a sub-aperture process to reduce received channel counts. To address the second issue, a 3D bipartite graph-based method with Kalman filtering-based tracking was used in this study for MB tracking. An MB separation approach was incorporated to separate high concentration MB data into multiple, sparser MB datasets, allowing better MB localization and tracking for a limited acquisition time.

Results
The proposed method was first validated in a flow channel phantom, showing improved spatial resolutions compared with the contrasted enhanced power Doppler image. Then the proposed method was evaluated with an in vivo chicken embryo brain dataset. Results showed that the reconstructed 3D super-resolution image achieved a spatial resolution of around 52 μm (smaller than the wavelength of around 200 μm).

Conclusion
A lower system complexity of 3D ULM has been proposed. In addition, our proposed 3D ULM provided the capability of 3D motion compensation and MB tracking. Microvessels that cannot be resolved clearly using localization only, can be well identified with the proposed method.
Age specific life table of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori’Linn. race NB4D2 x SH6 at two different temperatures ranges under laboratory conditions
Authors: Kumar Shani , Singh Hem , Verma Ankur Prakash , Kumar Vinod , Patel Aditya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe study on age specific life table of Bombyx mori Linn. race NB4D2 x SH6 reared on leaves of mulberry (Morus alba) plant variety S-1 at two different temperatures viz. control temperature (25 ± 1 °C) with 75 ± 5% relative humidity and room temperature in the laboratory of Sericulture Research, Demonstration and Training Unit, Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut-250110 (Uttar Pradesh), India. Data revealed that Bombyx mori Linn. race NB4D2 x SH6 required 37 and 40 days to complete its life cycle at control temperature (25 ± 1 °C) with 75 ± 5% relative humidity and room temperature, respectively. At control temperature, the highest mortality 85.19 per cent was exhibited at 36th day followed by 49.06 per cent at 35th day and the lowest mortality 1.12 per cent was recorded on 5th day followed by 1.14 per cent on 6th day. In case of room temperature, the highest mortality 88.89 per cent was recorded at 39th day followed by 66.67 per cent at 38th day and lowest mortality 1.20 per cent was recorded at 8th day followed by 1.35 per cent at 15th day. There an initial drop in survivorship (lx) was seen followed by an intermittent steady decline with long pauses till the formation of adult and sharp decline was observed at adult stage in both the conditions viz., control temperature (25 ± 1 °C) with 75 ± 5% relative humidity as well as at room temperature till the end of generation.
Infectious Diseases Impact on Biomedical Devices and Materials
Authors: Brigmon Matthew M. , Brigmon Robin L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInfectious diseases and nosocomial infections may play a significant role in healthcare issues associated with biomedical materials and devices. Many current polymer materials employed are inadequate for resisting microbial growth. The increase in microbial antibiotic resistance is also a factor in problematic biomedical implants. In this work, the difficulty in diagnosing biomedical device-related infections is reviewed and how this leads to an increase in microbial antibiotic resistance. A conceptualization of device-related infection pathogenesis and current and future treatments is made. Within this conceptualization, we focus specifically on biofilm formation and the role of host immune and antimicrobial therapies. Using this framework, we describe how current and developing preventative strategies target infectious disease. In light of the significant increase in antimicrobial resistance, we also emphasize the need for parallel development of improved treatment strategies. We also review potential production methods for manufacturing specific nanostructured materials with antimicrobial functionality for implantable devices. Specific examples of both preventative and novel treatments and how they align with the improved care with biomedical devices are described.
The effect of abusive supervision on turnover intentions: on-the-job embeddedness versus traditional attitudinal constructs
Authors: Ampofo Emmanuel Twumasi , Karatepe Osman M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOur paper examines whether the impact of abusive supervision on on-the-job embeddedness (JEM) is stronger than on job satisfaction (JSAT), affective organizational commitment (AOC), and turnover intentions. We also examine whether the mediation impact of on-the-JEM in the linkage between abusive supervision and turnover intentions is stronger than the mediation impacts of JSAT and AOC. Data gathered from restaurant service workers in three waves in Ghana were used to test the abovementioned linkages via structural equation modeling. The findings illustrate that all hypotheses are supported. Specifically, the influence of abusive supervision on on-the-JEM is stronger than on traditional attitudinal variables. Additional findings demonstrate that the mediation effect of on-the-JEM in the relationship between abusive supervision and proclivity to quit is stronger than the mediation effects of JSAT and AOC. Implications for theory and managers are offered in our paper.
“Other Germans”: Exceptions and Rules in the Memory of Rescuing Jews in Postwar Germany
Authors: Kabalek Kobi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe rising German interest in rescuers of Jews during the Holocaust has been accompanied by an emphasis on their exceptionality among the wartime German population. Seen as aberrations, rescuers are used to present a simplified generalization of the German majority’s wartime conduct by defining what it was not. This article argues that this view, as well as the common claim that rescue and rescuers of Jews were “forgotten” in the postwar Germanys, are based on a certain interpretative model concerning the relationship between exception and rule. I trace the different uses of this model and show that from 1945 to the present, many Jewish and non-Jewish Germans employed variously defined exceptions to trace and determine one's preferred image of the majority—as an object of desire or critique. The article presents the different conceptualizations and idealizations of rescue and their functions in imagining a collective self in commemorative and historiographical portrayals of past and current German societies.