bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional and Behavioral Changes and Related Factors of Firstborn School-Aged Compared to Same Age Only Children
Authors: Sheng Lulu , Yang Bo , Story Mary , Wu Wenyi , Xi Xuan , Zhou Yuanke , Wen Yi , Wang Hong , Liu Qin 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo compare the emotional and behavioral characteristics of firstborn children during the pregnancy of a second child and only children of school-age in urban districts of Chongqing, China, and to explore the influencing factors of emotional and behavioral problems.MethodsWe recruited mothers of firstborn children and only children from two hospitals and one primary school using purposive sampling. Questionnaires and the Parental Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were used to collect basic information, family socioeconomic status, family atmosphere and emotional and behavioral characteristics of their children in the survey.ResultsThe sample consisted of 1,155 children, including 477 firstborn children and 678 only children. The average scores of internalizing (4.47), externalizing (6.05), total problems (22.04), and six emotional and behavioral of firstborn children were significantly lower than those of only children (p &lt; 0.05). When adjusted for children's demographic, socioeconomic and family relationship covariates, the scores of firstborn children internalizing problems (β = −1.423, p = 0.000), externalizing problems (β = −0.661, p = 0.048), and total problems (β = −4.387, p = 0.000) were also significantly lower than those of only children. All children with more difficult parenting and development temperament, greater family economic pressure, poorer relationships between mother and child, less harmonious family atmosphere and father's permissive parenting style had more internalizing problems, externalizing problems and total problems (p &lt; 0.05). Boys had more externalizing problems (β = 1.939, 95% CI = 1.380–2.497) and total problems (β = 4.908, 95% CI = 3.045–6.772) than girls.ConclusionFirstborn children had fewer emotional and behavioral problems than their counterparts who were only children. This research helps to understand the social impact of the implementation of the two-child policy in multiple dimensions.
Exploring Non-pharmacological Methods for Pre-operative Pain Management
Authors: Patil Jayaditya Devpal , Sefen Jessica Atef Nassef , Fredericks Salim 
Published: March 2022

The management of pain is an essential aspect of surgical care, and pain levels in post-operative patients vary case by case. Treating postoperative pain is crucial as it leads to better outcomes and reduces risk of long term pain. While post-operative analgesics has been the mainstay of treatment, this mini-review explores an emerging concept which is preoperative pain management, with promising potential. Such interventions include educating patients on the expected pain outcomes and available pain medications. Non-pharmacological methods such as relaxation exercises have also proven to be effective after abdominal surgery, and educating patients on the existence of such methods pre-operatively encourages them to make use of available therapies. A major area of importance is the pre-operative psychological and emotional wellbeing of patients, as it is a strong predictor of pain and pain prognosis. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy can be effectively used to tackle preoperative anxiety and reduce pain levels. Hypnosis is another developing modality for decreasing stress. Lastly, long term pre-operative opioid use has been linked with higher pain scores and longer pain duration. This provides the basis on which pre-operative opioid weaning can lead to favorable post-operative pain outcomes.While many of these methods have not been experimented on recipients of abdominal surgery in specific, it still paves the path for newer pain control strategies that can eventually be adopted for visceral surgery patients. This review points the reader and researchers to new and developing areas that hold the potential to revolutionize current established pain management guidelines.
Trocar Puncture With a Sump Drain for Crohn's Disease With Intra-Abdominal Abscess: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Juanhan , Gong Wenbin , Liu Peizhao , Li Yangguang , Zheng Tao , Hong Zhiwu , Ren Huajian , Gu Guosheng , Wang Gefei , Wu Xiuwen , Zhao Yun , Ren Jianan 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTraditional percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) and surgical intervention could not always achieve satisfactory results for patients with Crohn's disease (CD) who have complications with intra-abdominal abscess. We proposed a trocar puncture with sump drainage for the treatment of CD with intra-abdominal abscess and compared it with the conventional PCD and surgical intervention.MethodsCrohn's disease patients with intra-abdominal abscess and admitted to our hospital from 2011 to 2020 were identified by reviewing the electronic medical records. We divided them into Trocar, PCD, and fecal diverting (FD) groups, according to the ways of treating an abscess. Outcomes, risk factors for abscess recurrence, and postoperative complications were compared among the three groups.ResultsA total of 69 patients were included and they were divided into Trocar (n = 18), PCD (n = 29), and FD (n = 22) groups. Four patients in the PCD group were transferred to receive the FD surgery due to the failure of initial treatment. The incidence of abscess recurrence was significantly higher in the PCD (48%) and FD (50%) groups compared to the patients using the trocar puncture with the sump drain (Trocar group) (16.7%). There were 8 patients in Trocar, 22 in PCD, and 20 s in the FD group who received enterectomy. None of the patients in the Trocar had an ultimate stoma and the incidence of postoperative complications was statistically lower [0% (Trocar) vs. 31.8% (PCD) vs. 45% (FD), P &lt; 0.05]. The way of initial treating of the abscess was significantly correlated with the abscess recurrence and postoperative complications.ConclusionsTrocar puncture with a sump drain had a lower incidence of abscess recurrence, abdominal adhesions, postdrainage, and postoperative complications compared to the conventional PCD or surgical intervention.
Superior Enhancement of Cutaneous Microcirculation Due to “Cyclic” Application of a Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Device in Humans – Local and Remote Effects
Authors: Sogorski Alexander , Becker Amira , Dadras Mehran , Wallner Christoph , Wagner Johannes Maximillian , Glinski Maxi v , Lehnhardt Marcus , Behr Björn 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesDespite a common utilization of “Negative Pressure Wound Therapy” (NPWT) Devices in a wide range of specialties, some of the basic mechanisms of action of the techniques are still on debate. Conflicting results from prior studies demonstrate our lack of understanding how wound-bed perfusion or cutaneous microcirculation is affected by NPWT.MethodsWe conducted a prospective randomized study which included 45 healthy subjects to further investigate the acute effects of NPWT on cutaneous microcirculation underneath the applied dressing. Three modes of application, namely, continuous, intermittent, cyclic, were tested. Amongst others, measurements of elicited surface pressure and a comprehensive microcirculatory analysis were carried out by utilizing an O2C-device. For the detection of (systemic) remote effects, perfusion changes of the contra-lateral thigh were evaluated.ResultsAll three tested modes of application led to a significant (p &lt; 0.05) improvement in local tissue perfusion with an increased blood flow of max +151% and tissue oxygen saturation of +28.2% compared to baseline values. Surface pressure under the dressing significantly increased up to 29.29 mmHg due to the activation of the NPWT device. Continuous, intermittent, and cyclic application of negative pressure were accurately sensed by participants, resulting in reported pain values that mirrored the different levels of applied suction. Although the cyclic application mode showed the most pronounced effects regarding microcirculatory changes, no statistical significance between groups was observed.ConclusionWe could demonstrate a significant improvement of cutaneous microcirculation under an applied NPWT dressing with favorable effects due to cyclic mode of application. An increased surface pressure leads to a better venous drainage of the tissue, which was shown to increase arterial inflow with a consecutive improvement of oxygen supply. Further research is warranted to evaluate our findings regarding wound bed perfusion in the clinical field with respect to formation of granulation tissue and wound healing.
Stable Cu2P3I2 and Ag2P3I2 Single-Wire and Thin Film Devices for Humidity Sensing
Authors: Schwenk Gregory R. , Walters John T. , Ji Hai-Feng 
Published: March 2022

Cu2P3I2 wires were synthesized and converted to Ag2P3I2 via post-synthetic modification. Single-wire and thin film devices were constructed from each material and evaluated as rapidly reversible humidity sensing semiconductors. All devices exhibited a dramatic increase in current when exposed to a ~30.85% RH (~9745.3 ppm by moisture volume) atmosphere compared to that of dry N2. Cu2P3I2 devices exhibited greater sensitivity compared to their respective Ag2P3I2 analogs with the highest being the thin film at 2.43 × 10−8 A% RH. While all devices exhibited rapid (<5 s) reversibility, the thin film devices exhibited greater sensitivity compared to their single-wire forms.
Condition paysanne et marché du travail industriel. Un exemple au Brésil
Authors: Garcia Afrânio Raul 
Published: March 2022

Peasant condition and industriel labour .
Social changes in North-Eastern Brazilian big sugar plantations helped the simultaneous constitution of a rural proletariat, of a new peasantry and of drafts of workers entering the Central-South industrial labour market (Rio-de- Janeiro and Sao-Paulo). Migrations towards big towns contributed to speed up such changes. While helping the erosion of big owners authority (emigration being considered as an alternative to personal subjection to planters), migration has provided new opportunities of social courses : becoming an industry worker meant more thon changing one's occupation because new industrial relations were bound by objective rules stating wages, working time and mutual duties. Although some migrant workers tied down their social fate to the industrial labour market, several managed to save money, acquire new skills and settle back in their native land as farmers or tradesmen. The present record of migrants homecoming provides an evidence against the general statement that departure towards a town (especially towards the industrial labour market) is necessarily the way from a peasant condition to a worker one. As long as every condition - especially the peasant one - is not related to its relevant social field, the multifariousness of migratory effects - especially the emergence of a new peasantry linked to the temporary insertion of some of its members in the industrial labour market - might well be left out of consideration.
L'économie charolaise. Evolution d'un système productif régional
Authors: Cavailhès Jean 
Published: March 2022

La région charolaise, dans les plaines herbagères du Nord du Massif Central, a connu un début de spécialisation précoce (début du XIXe siècle) avec un système agro-industriel sidérurgie-bœufs de travail, spécialisation qui s est approfondie avec la crise céréalière des années 1870-80. Depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le système productif est caractérisé par une mise en valeur extensive des terres et du cheptel, avec cependant un bon niveau de productivité du travail ; cette voie extensive a été favorisée par les marchands de bestiaux, les sélectionneurs, les grands fermiers et les propriétaires fonciers : ce bloc social défendait ainsi des situations rentières.
Une étude de "concentration" met en évidence les divers mécanismes de reproduction en longue période des exploitations agricoles : seuil de reproduction, "quitte ou double" des petites unités, comportement patrimonial, logiques de reproduction, cycle démographique. En conclusion la crise du système charolais est discutée, principalement à travers les résultats économiques du RICA.
D'un système économique à un autre : la situation du secteur agro-alimentaire en Tchécoslovaquie
Authors: Pouliquen Alain 
Published: March 2022

From one System to another. The situation of the agro-alimentary sector in Czechoslovakia.
Harsb monetary and wage policy, the freeing up of prices of industrial and trade monopolies projected for privatization have brought about in 1991 a fall in the real income of consumers and farmers. In view of international food markets high costs inherited from communist agrarian structures and from obsolete food industry and trade require now import duties and quotas, a minimal support of farm prices, subsidized exports, and above ail agricultural recession.
Quick efficient agricultural restructuring is unlikely through the mere privatizing of land and capital. Foreign investment is likely only in downstream processes. Growing risks of social crisis and Slovakian separatism call for an active industrial policy in the agrifood sector.
Le jardinage ouvrier : ressource alimentaire et affirmation de soi
Authors: Pluvinage Manuel , Weber Florence 
Published: March 2022

Working-class gardening : food resources and self-expression.
Gardening can be analysed from the point of view of consumption or self-production. In the first case, the domestic destination of the food products is stressed and the garden is seen as a non-monetary resource. In the second case, it is the productive activity itself, the amount and type of work involved and the reasons for such work that are stressed ; here, gardening is seen as a way of using one's free time.
A postal survey, carried out in 1990, provided 1,003 answers from amateur gardeners, ranging from the senior executive to the industrial worker or farmer. As far as products were concerned, the survey highlighted the contrast between working-class gardening, with its emphasis on the vegetable garden for economic and food reasons, and middle-class gardening, seen as a costly pastime with essentially decorative purposes. Providing food for one's own consumption is seen as the prime motive for gardening among farmers and workers from farming backgrounds ; the former stress above all product quality, whereas the latter, who seem less well-off than other categories or workers, insist on the amount of savings involved. As far as gardening work is concerned, the survey brings out the opposition between farmer's gardens (mainly a female activity before retirement, and becoming a male one afterwards ) and other forms of gardening, in particular among workers (always a male activity, which simply occupies more time after retirement ). It is in the working class of small towns that this specifically working-class logic of self-production is most evident, and contrasts most clearly with the consumption-oriented approach of those with farming backgrounds. This is because conditions are particularly conductive to working-class gardening. Here, gardening provides an opportunity for expressing oneself outside the professional sphere : the activity is time-consuming and calls for specific know-how, and the combination of hard work and gratuitousness makes working-class gardening not only a labour-consuming pastime but also an art of recycling, an opportunity to show one's prewess and a resource in non-commodity exchange.
Ethnographical observations on working-class gardening in the Paris region show that these features are once again to be found but in less favourable conditions (small surface areas, collective rules laid down by associations influenced by social catholicism). They show that gardening know-how has several origins (farming and market gardening) and they suggest new research orientations : how can farming techniques, which have been developed into coherent systems and improved by professionals with economic rationality in mind, be transferred and transformed into non-professional practices, and given a new symbolic and personal coherence ?
Gestion bioéconomique d'une population et environnement. L'écrevisse Procambarus clarkii
Authors: Junqueira Lopes Rui M. E. , Michel Philippe , Rotillon Gilles 
Published: March 2022

Bioeconomic management of a species and environment. The Procambarus clarkii crayfish.
Procambarus clarkii is a crayfish originating from North-East Mexico and from the Center and the South ofthe USA. It has spread throughout the world, except for Australia and Antartica. This species is characterized by a great faculty for adapting itself to environment fluctuations and by a huge propensity to reproduce. It is to be found in particularly dense concentrations in damp cultivated zones. In Europe, it is notably found in Portugal and in South-West France.
Fished for its culinary qualities, Procambarus clarkii is actually a final consumer product, in cooked, deep freezed or raw form. But it is also an intermediate consumer product, entering as an input in the pet industry and pharmaceuticals, or in the preparation of fish bait. It is a renewable resource, and, as any another resource of that kind, it has to be seen in terms of optimal extraction.
However, the rapid growth of this species is also the cause of dramatic environment damage. Present in field irrigation networks, it provokes, by digging the ground, damage to or even the destruction of agricultural crops near the lakes it lives in.
Hence, this species is of two fold interest, first, for its economiec exploitation and secondly, for the damage it causes to the environment. Thus, we propose three simple models to examine the problem of bioeconomic management of Procambarus clarkii. The first model is concerned only with optimal extraction of the resource and the others deal with the two dimensions quoted above : economic exploitation and environmental damage. For all these models, we characterize optimal policies of quotas and examine their properties according to the initial size of the population.
Incorporating undesirable outputs into models of production : an application to US agriculture
Authors: Eldon Ball V. , Knox Lowell C. A. , Nehring Richard F. , Somwaru Agapi 
Published: March 2022

Les méthodes utilisées habituellement pour calculer la croissance de la productivité globale des facteurs ne tiennent pas compte des produits joints non désirés, qui sont souvent des sous-produits apparaissant au cours du processus de fabrication des produits que l'on cherche à obtenir. Cela est dû en grande partie à la difficulté d'établir un système de prix pour les produits non désirés, qui ne sont en général pas écoulés sur les marchés. Cet article montre comment prendre en compte ces produits dans un modèle de production ; à la différence des produits désirés, qui sont facilement disponibles à un prix de marché, les produits non désirés sont peu disponibles et n'ont pas de prix de marché. Nous montrons comment les méthodes habituelles de calcul de la productivité totale des facteurs peuvent être adaptées à la prise en compte des produits non désirés. Il est nécessaire, pour cela, de disposer de leurs prix fictifs ou des coûts entraînés par la réduction de leur volume. Plutôt que de calculer ces derniers de façon exogène, nous les obtenons comme solution de programmes mathématiques décrivant la technologie de production utilisée. Celle-ci est caractérisée par le taux de baisse de la production nécessaire pour obtenir une réduction donnée de la quantité de produits non désirés. La connaissance de la valeur du taux de «compromis » permet de calculer le coût de cette réduction.
Nous appliquons cette méthode à des séries temporelles portant sur l'agriculture américaine entre 1961 et 1988. Notre base de données comprend les indices relatifs à trois intrants (le capital, le travail et les équipements), deux produits (animaux et végétaux) et un sous-produit non désiré (l'excès d'azote). La production de ce sous-produit n'est pas souhaitée, car en s'infiltrant dans la nappe phréatique il peut être nocif pour la santé. L'éliminer revient cher car, en contrepartie, il faut soit réduire le volume de la production, soit augmenter celui des intrants : la dépollution conduit alors vraisemblablement à freiner la croissance de la productivité des facteurs. D'après nos calculs, la prise en compte de l'excès d'azote dans un modèle de production agricole fait baisser la productivité totale des facteurs de 12 à 28%.
Le laboratoire public de recherche : entre dépendance et autonomie stratégique
Authors: Weisenburger Emmanuel , Mangematin Vincent 
Published: March 2022

Public research laboratory : between dependency and strategic autonomy.

Under pressure mainly due to budgetary constraints, public research labo-
ratories have been forced to diversify their partnerships , particularly with firms. Until the early 1980's, laboratories controlled scientific relations while their hierarchies provided an interface between them and their environment. However, the diversification and growing complexity of laboratories' relationships with diverse environments has made the question of their strategic autonomy fully relevant. The theory of resource dependency, together with our proposed amendments, enlightens the dynamics of scientific production. Scientific competition, like laboratories' participation to innovation, entails more than the mere exchange of information. The laboratory can be seen as the place in which various heterogeneous resources — financial resources but also research materials, researcher know-how, genetic materials, scientific articles or credibility - are combined. More gene-rally, for an actor in this context, a resource is anything that enables it to comply with
judgement or evaluation criteria. Resources circulate between different actors that negotiate their exchange.
Drawing upon a study of contractual relationships of two departments, we show how
the resource theory can be used to describe laboratories' strategies and develop a general framework for their strategic analysis.