bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical analysis of reinforced concrete buildings subjected to blast load
Authors: Abd‐El‐Nabi Eslam , El‐Helloty Arafa , Summra Aymen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study deals with a three‐dimensional (3D) nonlinear finite element (FE) analysis of two reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. The first is a three‐floor flat slab building without shear walls. The second is a three‐floor flat slab building with four shear walls. The blast load has been simulated using the coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) technique found in the FE software Abaqus/Explicit. Concrete behavior has been modeled using the Johnson–Holmquist damage model (JH‐2) with 3D eight‐node reduced Lagrangian integration elements (C3D8R). The reinforcement steel has been modeled using the Johnson–Cook (JC) plasticity model and the JC computational fracture model with beam elements (B31). Trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosive material has been modeled using the Jones–Wilkins–Lee (JWL) equation of state (EOS) with eight‐node reduced integration Eulerian elements (EC3D8R). Air has been modeled using the EOS for ideal gas with EC3D8R elements. TNT charges of 20, 100, and 1000 kg with standoff distances of 2, 5, and 10 m have been used in the analysis. An analysis has been performed to study the two RC buildings' deformation, stresses, and damage. The results showed that small TNT charges of less than 20 kg with a standoff distance of more than 10 m had almost no effect on the two buildings. Also, huge TNT charges of more than 1000 kg with a standoff distance of less than 10 m had a catastrophic impact on the two buildings.
Design of a non‐shrinking silica fume high‐performance concrete with recycled ceramic tile aggregate
Authors: Meddah Mohammed Seddik 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInternal curing (IC) process introduced via a water‐entraining agent using lightweight and porous aggregate has become an essential component in designing high and ultra‐high‐performance concrete (HPC/UHPC). This paper presents experimental results demonstrating the effectiveness of using recycled ceramic tile aggregates (RCTA) derived from waste ceramic tiles as an IC agent for high‐performance structural elements. Previous studies by the author have confirmed the efficiency of both the pre‐saturated recycled porous ceramic coarse aggregate (RPCA) as an IC and shrinkage compensating agents in mitigating autogenous shrinkage and the induced internal self‐stress in HPC mixtures. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of two different curing systems (internal curing using the waste ceramic aggregate combined with shrinkage compensating agents) on silica fume (SF) HPC behavior. The shrinkage compensating agents include a combination of shrinkage‐reducing agent (R) and expansive additive (E). The influence of this combined ternary curing system on the mechanical properties, including compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths, modulus of elasticity, autogenous shrinkage, and internal self‐induced tensile stress, were investigated. The obtained results indicate a substantial reduction in the autogenous shrinkage strains magnitude and, consequently, the internal self‐induced tensile stress in the HPC mixtures designed with these two curing systems. It was also found that this combination of the two curing systems resulting in a hybrid curing system, performs much better than the single incorporation of shrinkage‐compensating agents. Besides, a long‐term strengths improvement was recorded for mixtures designed with the RPCA. Incorporating recycled aggregate in the design and production of HPC could further promote concrete sustainability by reducing the amount of virgin extracted non‐renewable minerals, reducing the energy required to extract and process natural aggregates and the CO2 generated, and also reducing solid waste materials disposal.
Experimental and damage modeling research on compression‐shear behavior of carbon fiber recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Chen Yuliang , Li Tang , Jiang Rui , Ye Peihuan , Cai Jinwen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe application potential of recycled aggregate concrete has been realized with the development and utilization of waste concrete. Fibers are added to concrete made with recycled coarse aggregate to enhance its mechanical properties and broaden its application possibilities. Additionally, in practical applications, parts of structural elements are frequently under compression‐shear stress. As a result, the normal stress ratio k (k = σ/fcu, where σ is axial compressive stress, and fcu is concrete cube compressive strength), coarse aggregate replacement rate, and carbon fiber content are used as design parameters to examine the compressive‐shear mechanical properties of carbon fiber recycled aggregate concrete in this paper. The results show that the normal stress ratio and fiber content affect the whole compression‐shear process curve, shear strength, peak shear displacement, and damage evolution. A compressive shear damage model that takes into account the aggregate replacement rate, normal stress ratio, and fiber content is established. And there is good agreement between the experimental findings and the calculation model.
Stimuli‐Responsive Macromolecular Architecture by Butler Cyclopolymerizations: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Ali Shaikh A. , Al‐Muallem Hasan A. , Mazumder Mohammad A. J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article reviews the synthesis of polyzwitterions (PZs) (poly‐carboxybetaines, ‐phosphonobetaines, and ‐sulfobetaines) having multiple pH‐responsive centers. The synthesis follows the Butler cyclopolymerization protocol involving a multitude of diallylammonium salts and their copolymerization with SO2 and maleic acid. The PZs have been transformed into cationic‐, anionic‐polyelectrolytes, and polyampholytes under the influence of pH. Particular attention is given to the application of these polymers as antiscalants, mild steel corrosion inhibitors, components in constructing Aqueous Two‐Phase Systems (ATPSs), and membrane modifiers. The ATPSs could be used to separate various biomolecules, including proteins. Many amphiphilic polymers incorporating a few mol % hydrophobic monomers have shown enhanced viscosities and could be suitable for applications in oil fields. The progress of applying Butler cyclopolymerization in reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) chemistry has been discussed. Future works are expected to focus on RAFT cyclopolymerization to construct block copolymers.
Insulin‐like growth factor II receptor alpha overexpression in heart aggravates hyperglycemia‐induced cardiac inflammation and myocardial necrosis
Authors: Lai Chin‐Hu , Van Thao Dao , Tsai Bruce Chi‐Kang , Hsieh Dennis Jine‐Yuan , Chen Michael Yu‐Chih , Kuo Wei‐Wen , Kuo Chia‐Hua , Lu Shang‐Yeh , Liao Shih‐Chieh , Lin Kuan‐Ho , Huang Chih‐Yang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiabetes‐induced cardiovascular complications are mainly associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Insulin‐like growth factor II receptor α (IGF‐IIRα) is a cardiac risk factor. In this study, we hypothesized IGF‐IIRα could also deteriorate diabetic heart injury. The results presented that both in vivo transgenic Sprague–Dawley rat model with specific IGF‐IIRα overexpression in the heart and in vitro myocardium H9c2 cells were used to investigate the negative function of IGF‐IIRα in diabetic hearts. The results showed that IGF‐IIRα overexpression aided hyperglycemia in creating more myocardial injury. Pro‐inflammatory factors, such as Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, Interleukin‐6, Cyclooxygenase‐2, Inducible nitric oxide synthase, and Nuclear factor‐kappaB inflammatory cascade, are enhanced in the diabetic myocardium with cardiac‐specific IGF‐IIRα overexpression. Correspondingly, IGF‐IIRα overexpression in the diabetic myocardium also reduced the PI3K‐AKT survival axis and activated mitochondrial‐dependent apoptosis. Finally, both ejection fraction and fractional shortening were be significantly decrease in diabetic rats with cardiac‐specific IGF‐IIRα overexpression. Overall, all results provid clear evidence that IGF‐IIRα can enhance cardiac damage and is a harmful factor to the heart under high‐blood glucose conditions. However, the pathophysiology of IGF‐IIRα under different stresses and its downstream regulation in the heart still require further research.
Promoting Meaning‐Focused Skills: Creating a Foundation for Comprehension in Early Childhood Classrooms
Authors: Thomas Leiah J. G. , Piasta Shayne B. , Bailet Laura L. , Zettler‐Greeley Cynthia M. , Lewis Kandia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractYoung children's meaning‐focused skills are foundational for reading comprehension and begin to develop prior to formal reading instruction. In this article, we argue for the importance of supporting meaning‐focused skills in early childhood classrooms. We describe authentic, real‐life examples of engaging preschool children in activities that promote meaning‐focused skills and highlight how these align with research. In doing so, we provide insight into what early childhood teachers can do in their classrooms to foster the development of critical skills related to comprehension.
The role of gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Zheng Jiaying , Sun Qianru , Zhang Jingwan , Ng Siew C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune‐mediated intestinal disease consisting of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Inflammatory bowel disease is believed to be developed as a result of interactions between environmental, immune‐mediated and microbial factors in a genetically susceptible host. Recent advances in high‐throughput sequencing technologies have aided the identification of consistent alterations of the gut microbiome in patients with IBD. Preclinical and murine models have also shed light on the role of beneficial and pathogenic bacteria in IBD. These findings have stimulated interest in development of non‐invasive microbial and metabolite biomarkers for predicting disease risk, disease progression, recurrence after surgery and responses to therapeutics. This review briefly summarizes the current evidence on the role of gut microbiome in IBD pathogenesis and mainly discusses the latest literature on the utilization of potential microbial biomarkers in disease diagnosis and prognosis.
Inflammatory bowel disease cross‐sectional imaging: What's new?
Authors: Wang Yang‐di , Zhang Ruo‐nan , Mao Ren , Li Xue‐hua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCross‐sectional imaging—ultrasonography, computed tomography enterography, and magnetic resonance enterography—is a routine and indispensable tool for patients with Crohn's disease (CD) that helps to detect or monitor disease characteristics before, during, and after CD treatment. New emerging radiological technologies may have further clinical applications in the management of CD. In this review article, we focus on the latest developments in cross‐sectional imaging in CD research, including its role in intra‐ and extra‐luminal lesion detection, intestinal inflammation and fibrosis grading, therapeutic response assessment and outcome prediction, postoperative recurrence detection and prediction, and the gut‐brain axis.
Hydropolitics intertwined with geopolitics in the Brahmaputra River Basin
Authors: Baruah Tanushree , Barua Anamika , Vij Sumit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe legacy of the sub‐continent has led to a complex geopolitical rivalry in the Brahmaputra River Basin, shared by China, India, Bhutan, and Bangladesh. Each riparian state has a varying interest and development agenda, hindering the identification of common interests for water cooperation. This article presents the intertwining of regional geopolitics with the basin hydropolitics, restraining positive interaction, thus, leading to a status quo in the BRB. While maintaining a purposeful status quo seems to be a prudent move by the riparians, the local communities continue to suffer due to the impasse.This article is categorized under:
Human Water > Water Governance
Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
Human Water > Value of Water
Helical vortex theory and blade element analysis of multi‐bladed windmills
Authors: John Itoje H. , Wood David H. , Vaz Jerson R.P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMulti‐bladed windmills usually pump water for agriculture and domestic consumption, often in remote locations. Although they have been around for over 150 years, their aerodynamic performance is still poorly understood. This paper describes the use of helical vortex theory (HVT) and blade element momentum (BEM) analysis to predict windmill thrust, torque, and extracted power. We emphasize the unusual features of windmills: low Reynolds numbers and tip speed ratios and high solidity, all related to the generation of high torque at low wind speeds. Wind tunnel tests on a model rotor with 3, 6, 12, and 24 circular‐arc, constant‐chord blades determined the thrust, torque, and extracted power over a range of tip speed ratio that extended to runaway. For comparison, BEM was implemented with a correction for finite blade number derived from HVT, as well as the classical Prandtl tip loss factor. The HVT correction predicted the rotor power coefficient to within 3% of the test data on the average. At low tip speed ratios and smaller blade numbers, HVT was consistently more accurate than the Prandtl factor. At all blade numbers, the measured rotor torque exceeded the BEM predictions at the lowest tip speed ratios indicating stall delay which became more important (and more beneficial for windmill performance) as the blade number increased. The Prandtl formulation predicted the thrust to within a mean accuracy of 13% and was more accurate than the HVT method.
AdS Virasoro-Shapiro from single-valued periods
Authors: Alday Luis F. , Hansen Tobias , Silva Joao A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We determine the full 1/$$ \sqrt{\uplambda} $$

λ

correction to the flat-space Wilson coefficients which enter the AdS Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM theory at strong coupling. The assumption that the Wilson coefficients are in the ring of single-valued multiple zeta values, as expected for closed string amplitudes, is surprisingly powerful and leads to a unique solution to the dispersive sum rules relating Wilson coefficients and OPE data obtained in [1]. The corresponding OPE data fully agrees with and extends the results from integrability. The Wilson coefficients to order 1/$$ \sqrt{\uplambda} $$

λ

can be summed into an expression whose structure of poles and residues generalises that of the Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude in flat space.
Moyal deformations, W1+∞ and celestial holography
Authors: Bu Wei , Heuveline Simon , Skinner David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We consider the Moyal deformation of self-dual gravity. In the conformal primary basis, holomorphic collinear limits of the amplitudes of this theory show that it enjoys a perturbatively exact symmetry algebra LW∧ that generalises Lw∧, the loop algebra of the wedge algebra of w1+∞, which appears in self-dual gravity.
On Non-linear Characterizations of Classical Orthogonal Polynomials
Authors: Njionou Sadjang P. , Kalda Sawalda D. , Mboutngam S. , Foupouagnigni M. , Koepf W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractClassical orthogonal polynomials are known to satisfy seven equivalent properties, namely the Pearson equation for the linear functional, the second-order differential/difference/q-differential/ divided-difference equation, the orthogonality of the derivatives, the Rodrigues formula, two types of structure relations, and the Riccati equation for the formal Stieltjes function. In this work, following previous work by Kil et al. (J Differ Equ Appl 4:145–162, 1998a; Kyungpook Math J 38:259–281, 1998b), we state and prove a non-linear characterization result for classical orthogonal polynomials on non-uniform lattices. Next, we give explicit relations for some families of these classes.
Integrable Sigma Models at RG Fixed Points: Quantisation as Affine Gaudin Models
Authors: Kotousov Gleb A. , Lacroix Sylvain , Teschner Jörg 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to make first steps towards the quantisation of integrable nonlinear sigma models using the formalism of affine Gaudin models, by approaching these theories through their conformal limits. We focus mostly on the example of the Klimčík model, which is a two-parameter deformation of the principal chiral model on a Lie group G. We show that the UV fixed point of this theory is described classically by two decoupled chiral affine Gaudin models, encoding its left- and right-moving degrees of freedom, and give a detailed analysis of the chiral and integrable structures of these models. Their quantisation is then explored within the framework of Feigin and Frenkel. We study the quantum local integrals of motion using the formalism of quantised affine Gaudin models and show agreement of the first two integrals with known results in the literature for $$G=\textrm{SU}(2)$$

G
=
SU
(
2
)

. Evidence is given for the existence of a monodromy matrix satisfying the Yang–Baxter algebra for this model, thus paving the way for the quantisation of the non-local integrals of motion. We conclude with various perspectives, including on generalisations of this programme to a larger class of integrable sigma models and applications of the ODE/IQFT correspondence to the description of their quantum spectrum.
The influence of fracture energy on wooden structural members due to contact explosion
Authors: Gajewski T. , Szlachta A. , Sielicki P. W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn military operations, sappers must often breach wooden structures. The formulas for determining the destructive explosive loads available in instructions and manuals used by sappers are simplified because they consider only a few variables, such as structure member diameter, whether the wood is dry or damp, or the wood species of the structure. In this study, the destructive explosive loads needed to breach pine, birch and oak members were computed via the finite element method. Static compression tests in three directions were conducted to define the orthotropic constitutive models of those wood species, and the results were used as an input to the numerical models. The damage model for wood considered different levels of energy criteria. The finite element analyses of contact explosion of TNT charges against cylindrical log beams were conducted for selected wood species, and destructive explosive loads were computed for different log diameters. Assuming different energy criteria, the results showed that the traditional approach in military instructions and manuals is higher than the values obtained from the numerical approach, i.e., standard manuals suggest using more explosive than may be needed.
Sex differences in suicide, suicidal ideation, and self-harm after release from incarceration: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Janca Emilia , Keen Claire , Willoughby Melissa , Borschmann Rohan , Sutherland Georgina , Kwon Sohee , Kinner Stuart A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
People released from incarceration are at increased risk of suicide compared to the general population. We aimed to synthesise evidence on the incidence of and sex differences in suicide, suicidal ideation, and self-harm after release from incarceration.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and PubMed between 1 January 1970 and 14 October 2021 for suicide, suicidal ideation, and self-harm after release from incarceration (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020208885). We calculated pooled crude mortality rates (CMRs) and standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) for suicide, overall and by sex, using random-effects models. We calculated a pooled incidence rate ratio (IRR) comparing rates of suicide by sex.

Results
Twenty-nine studies were included. The pooled suicide CMR per 100,000 person years was 114.5 (95%CI 97.0, 132.0, I2 = 99.2%) for non-sex stratified samples, 139.5 (95% CI 91.3, 187.8, I2 = 88.6%) for women, and 121.8 (95% CI 82.4, 161.2, I2 = 99.1%) for men. The suicide SMR was 7.4 (95% CI 5.4, 9.4, I2 = 98.3%) for non-sex stratified samples, 14.9 for women (95% CI 6.7, 23.1, I2 = 88.3%), and 4.6 for men (95% CI 1.3, 7.8, I2 = 98.8%). The pooled suicide IRR comparing women to men was 1.1 (95% CI 0.9, 1.4, I2 = 82.2%). No studies reporting self-harm or suicidal ideation after incarceration reported sex differences.

Conclusion
People released from incarceration are greater than seven times more likely to die by suicide than the general population. The rate of suicide is higher after release than during incarceration, with the elevation in suicide risk (compared with the general population) three times higher for women than for men. Greater effort to prevent suicide after incarceration, particularly among women, is urgently needed.
Highly sensitive and quick in ovo sexing of domestic chicken eggs by two-wavelength fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Preuße Grit , Porstmann Vincenz , Bartels Thomas , Schnabel Christian , Galli Roberta , Koch Edmund , Oelschlägel Martin , Uckermann Ortrud , Steiner Gerald 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The in ovo sexing of chicken eggs is a current task and a prerequisite to overcome the mass killing of male day-old chicks from laying lines. Although various methods have been developed and tested in recent years, practicable methods for sex determination are still missing which can be applicated in poultry hatcheries before the chicken embryo is capable of nociception and pain sensation. Optical spectroscopic methods enable an early determination of the sex. In this study, a novel method based on two-wavelength in ovo fluorescence excitation is described. More than 1600 eggs were examined. In ovo fluorescence was sequentially excited at 532 nm and 785 nm. The fluorescence intensities of the spectral regions behave inversely with respect to sex. It is shown that the observed sex-related differences in the fluorescence intensities are based on the embryonic hemoglobin synthesis. The accuracy of sex determination is 96% for both sexes. The hatching rate is not reduced compared to an equivalent reference group.
Graphical Abstract