bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The administration of justice in Wales during the long eighteenth century
Authors: Walliss John 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhile the last four‐and‐a‐half decades has seen a growing body of historical scholarship on the administration of justice in England during the long eighteenth century, the administration of justice in Wales is a relatively neglected topic. This article reviews the relatively small historiography on the administration of justice in Georgian Wales, highlighting the ways in which patterns of indictments, convictions and executions were both similar and, crucially, different to those found in England during the period. After introducing the superior courts in the Principality during this period—the Wales Courts of Great Sessions ‐ the article discusses the patterns of indictments, convictions and executions in the Great Sessions. The article then concludes by suggesting avenues of further research in the area.
“Does this setting really fit with me?”: How support for group‐based social hierarchies predicts a higher perceived misfit in hierarchy‐attenuating settings
Authors: Aiello Antonio , Tesi Alessio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe present study is aimed at testing if blatant support for group‐based hierarchies (i.e., social dominance orientation‐dominance [SDO‐D]) was related to the level of future perceived person−environment (P−E) misfit when people meet an environment characterized by a culture that strongly supports antidominant values (i.e., hierarchy‐attenuating organization). A total of 106 students of a social work faculty—a typical hierarchy‐attenuating context—voluntarily participated and filled an anonymous questionnaire on two‐time occasions in which we measured their SDO‐D and their perceived P−E misfit. Although the SDO‐D and P−E misfit levels were, on average, relatively low, a cross‐lagged panel analysis revealed that SDO‐D was positively associated with future levels of P−E misfit measured 6 months later, while no evidence of association was found for the opposite. The present study contributes to broadening the interweaving of social dominance theory and the P−E fit. It reveals that the more people support social hierarchies, the more they will experience a greater P−E misfit in a hierarchy‐attenuating context. The misfit feeling appears to develop over time; it grows based on people's awareness of the hierarchy‐attenuating functioning of the organization and is boosted by their SDO‐D levels. The results also underline that the perceived P−E misfit does not influence future SDO‐D levels, supporting the notion that SDO‐D is a rather stable individual difference.
The European Parliament and Gender Equality: An Analysis of Achievements Based on the Concept of Power
Authors: Ahrens Petra , Meier Petra , Agustín Lise Rolandsen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe European Parliament (EP) as one of the key institutions of the European Union has gained considerable powers over time and often presents itself as a constant gender equality promoter. Whilst gender equality in the EP tended to be analysed in terms of women's descriptive, substantive and symbolic representation, this article shifts the focus to the concept of power itself in assessing gender equality achievements in and through the EP. Applying Amy Allen's conceptualization of power as power to, power over and power with to a critical reading of recent literature, it explores who can exercise power over what in the EP and the consequences for gender equality. The article challenges the EP as a unified gender equality actor and highlights its highly gendered nature in which power over and power to are intertwined, with power to occurring without power over and power with unfolding through alliances and coalitions.
Differential associations of rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis or tooth loss: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hussein Mai , Farag Youssef M. K. , Sonis Stephen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo study the association between periodontitis, tooth loss, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by using a large national dataset.Materials and MethodsAn observational cross‐sectional study was performed using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles (2009–2014). RA status was detected using a questionnaire. Periodontal status was assigned on the basis of the clinical attachment level and periodontal pocket depth. Dentition status was assessed by the number of permanent teeth observed. We examined the association between RA as exposure and moderate/severe periodontitis and non‐functional dentition as outcomes. We progressively adjusted our models for different sets of potential confounders.ResultsModerate/severe periodontitis was more prevalent in participants reporting RA (53% vs. 41.5%, p = .0003). Non‐functional dentition was more prevalent in participants with RA (41% vs. 15.5%, p = .0001). The fully adjusted model showed that participants with RA had higher odds of having non‐functional dentition (odds ratio 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–2.3, p = .0001) but no association with moderate/severe periodontitis (prevalence ratio 1.01, 95% CI 0.9–1.1, p = .9).ConclusionRA was associated with a higher likelihood of having non‐functional dentition but did not show any association with periodontitis after adjusting for the risk factors to control their confounding effect.
Changes in fetal intracranial anatomy during maternal pregestational and gestational diabetes
Authors: Ekin Atalay , Sever Barış 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the changes in fetal intracranial structures in pregnant women with pregestational diabetes mellitus (DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsThe study was conducted prospectively with patients who were grouped as pregestational DM (n = 110), GDM (n = 110), and control (n = 110). Fetal ultrasonographic measurements of widths of posterior lateral ventricles (PLV), cavum septum pellucidi (CSP), cisterna magna (CM), thalamus and transcerebellar diameter (TCD) were recorded and compared.ResultsFetal PLV, CSP, and CM widths were higher in pregestational DM and GDM groups than in control group, and also higher in pregestational DM group compared to GDM group (p < 0.001). Fetal TCD in the PGDM group was found to be less than both control and GDM groups (p < 0.001). No difference was found between three groups in terms of fetal thalamus size (p = 0.801). Fetal PLV, CSP, and CM values were positively correlated with maternal hyperglycemia, fetal abdominal circumference (AC), and deepest vertical pocket of amniotic fluid (DVP) (p < 0.001). Fetal TCD was negatively correlated with HbA1c and DVP (p = 0.002, p = 0.38, respectively). The optimal cut‐off points to identify pregestational DM and GDM were 5.55 and 5.83 mm for PLV, 5.83 and 6.32 mm for CSP, and 7.26 and 6.62 mm for CM.ConclusionMaternal hyperglycemia was significantly associated with an increase in the widths of fetal PLV, CSP, and CM and a decrease in fetal TCD.
Treatment outcomes in patients with globus: A randomized control trial of psychoeducation, neuromodulators, and proton pump inhibitors
Authors: Poovipirom Natthanan , Ratta‐apha Woraphat , Maneerattanaporn Monthira , Geeratragool Tanawat , Chuenprapai Pritsana , Leelakusolvong Somchai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundGlobus is a persistent or intermittent nonpainful sensation of a lump or foreign body, which markedly affect patient's quality of life. Treatment options for globus are limited and unsatisfying. This study aims to compare the effects of cognitive‐behavioral‐theory‐based psychoeducation (CBT), neuromodulators (NMD), and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) on treatment outcomes in patients with globus.MethodsEligible patients were randomly received CBT, 0.5 mg flupenthixol and 10 mg melitracen; NMD, or omeprazole 20 mg; PPI, for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was the reduction in symptom scores; Glasgow Edinburgh Throat Scale (GETS). The secondary endpoints included treatment efficacy on Reflux Symptom Index (RSI), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), and quality of life (QoL) based on a 36‐item short‐form health survey (SF‐36). Treatment compliance and adverse effects were recorded.Key ResultsForty patients were completed study. Baseline characteristics between the groups were comparable. By the end of treatment, both CBT and NMD provided greater reduction in GETS than PPI (CBT vs PPI; 6.46 ± 8.56 vs 0.21 ± 5.42;p = 0.031, NMD vs PPI; 6.92 ± 9.85 vs 0.21 ± 5.42;p = 0.036). The improvement of RSI, HADS, and SF‐36 among the groups was similar. Neuromodulators caused more adverse events.Conclusions & InferencesBoth CBT and NMD provided equally effective treatment and better than PPI in patients with globus determined by the reduction in GETS. The improvement in RSI, HADS, and QoL of the three groups was not different. Given less of adverse effect than NMD, CBT should be considered as a substantial treatment.
Induced Membrane Technique for the Management of Segmental Femoral Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Individual Participant Data
Authors: Lu Yi , Lai Chih‐Yang , Lai Po‐Ju , Yu Yi‐Hsun 
Published: November 2022

Several modifications of the induced membrane technique (IMT) have been reported, but there is no consensus regarding their results and prognosis. Moreover, most studies have focused on tibial defects; no meta‐analysis of the treatment of femoral defects using the IMT has been reported. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to identify the potential risk factors of post‐procedural complications following the treatment of segmental femoral defects using the IMT. A comprehensive search was performed on the Cochrane Library, EBSCO, EMBASE, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, using the keywords “femur,” “Masquelet technique,” and “induced membrane technique.” Original articles composed in English, having accessible individual patient data, and reporting more than two cases of bony defect or nonunion of femur or more than five cases of any body part were included. Post‐procedural bone graft infections, final union status, and union time after second‐stage operation were analyzed. Fourteen reports, including 90 patients, were used in this study. External fixation in second‐stage surgery had an odds ratio of 9.267 for post‐procedural bone graft infection (p = 0.047). The odds ratio of post‐procedural bone graft infection and age >65 years for final non‐union status was 51.05 (p = 0.003) and 9.18 (p = 0.042). Shorter union time was related to impregnated antibiotics in the spacer (p = 0.005), transplanting all‐autologous grafts (p = 0.042), and the application of intramedullary nails as the second‐stage fixation method (p = 0.050). The IMT appears to be reasonable and reproducible for femoral segmental bone defects. Several preoperative and surgical factors may affect post‐procedural complications and union time.
Improvement of dermatological symptoms in patients with Bachmann–Bupp syndrome using difluoromethylornithine treatment
Authors: Afrin Antara , Afshan Tonia S. , VanSickle Elizabeth A. , Michael Julianne , Laarman Rachel L. , Bupp Caleb P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBachmann–Bupp syndrome (OMIM #619075) is a novel autosomal dominant disorder caused by variants in the c‐terminus of the ornithine decarboxylase 1 gene, resulting in increased levels of ornithine decarboxylase. This case report includes two patients diagnosed with Bachmann–Bupp syndrome who were treated with difluoromethylornithine through compassionate use approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration. In both patients, treatment with difluoromethylornithine has resulted in improved dermatologic signs, including regrowth of eyebrow and scalp hair and cessation of recurrent follicular cyst development.
Does covenant marriage predict latent trajectory groups of newlywed couples?
Authors: Su Tom , Ledermann Thomas , Fincham Frank 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCovenant marriage is a legally distinct marriage license available in Arizona, Louisiana, and Arkansas in the United States. This study revisited one of the largest longitudinal dyadic studies on covenant versus standard newlywed couples. Using this dataset of 677 different‐sex couples, we explored whether being in a covenant marriage could predict how marital satisfaction developed over the first five marital years. We applied the Growth Mixture Modeling (GMM) method to identify groups that differed in their initial marital satisfaction and trajectory. The results revealed three different trajectory groups—one group showing high and stable marital satisfaction, which we named High Stable, and two groups showing declines in marital satisfaction, one being medium and the other one being low in satisfaction at the beginning of the marriage, and we named them Medium Declining and Low Declining respectively. Spouses with lower initial marital satisfaction experienced a faster decline and suffered the highest divorce rate. Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) analysis revealed that one's group membership was predicted by their partner's membership, suggesting a mutual influence on marital development. Being in a covenant marriage was able to predict husbands' membership as covenant husbands were found to be more likely in the high stable group.
No “Easy” Answers to Ontological Category Questions
Authors: Flocke Vera , Ritchie Katherine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEasy Ontologists, most notably Thomasson (2015), argue that ontological questions are shallow. They think that these questions can either be answered by using our ordinary conceptual competence—of course tables exist!—or are meaningless, or else should be answered through conceptual re‐engineering. Ontology thus is “easy”, requiring no distinctively metaphysical investigation. This paper raises a two‐stage objection to Easy Ontology. We first argue that questions concerning which entities exist are inextricably bound up with “ontological category questions”, which are questions concerning the identity of and differences between kinds of entities. We then argue that ontological category questions do not have trivial answers, are meaningful, and cannot be answered through conceptual re‐engineering. Easy Ontology hence does not constitute a comprehensive ontological methodology. While some of ontology might be easy, category questions form a central part of ontology and are not answered easily.
Consent, Sovereignty, and Pluralism: Harold Laski's Doctrine of Allegiance in British Legal Philosophy
Authors: Puggioni Pier Giuseppe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper analyses the intertwinement of legal philosophy and political theory in the British intellectual framework between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with specific regard to Harold Laski's works. I will try to illustrate the transition from 19th‐century utilitarianism to H. L. A. Hart and Isaiah Berlin as evolving through important debates which include Laski's contribution. I will argue that a discussion of “juridical” obligation, i.e., the conditions of legal validity, may lie implicitly in these concerns that Laski and other early 20th‐century British authors had about “political” obligation—viz., about the nature of the state and its claim to obedience. By approaching Laski's theories and their genealogy through a legal‐philosophical perspective, I will contend that this debate about political obligation anticipates to a considerable extent some of the most renowned conceptions of obligation in 20th‐century British legal theory.
Transient increases in glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) activity occur in neonatal foals
Authors: Hoffman Martha , Cheong Soon Hon , Stokol Tracy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundLiver analyte measurement is important in the evaluation of sick animals. Liver injury in horses is recognized by increased glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, whereas biliary pathology is identified by increased alkaline phosphatase and γ‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities or bilirubin concentrations. We have observed high GLDH, but not SDH, activities in neonatal foals admitted for conditions other than liver disease. Only one previous study have evaluated GLDH activity over time in healthy neonatal foals; however, SDH activity was not measured.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate changes in liver analytes in neonatal foals over time.MethodsWe measured serum liver analytes (GLDH, SDH, GGT, AST, total, direct, and indirect bilirubin) and creatine kinase activity of 11 clinically healthy foals before and at various times after suckling until 46 days of age. Analytes were also measured in colostrum and mare serum.ResultsMedian GLDH activities increased after birth to peak at 3‐4 days of age (106 U/L, reference interval, 0‐8 U/L). Median SDH activities had a lower peak at 3‐4 days (15 U/L, reference interval, 0‐11 U/L) and were frequently discordant with GLDH. There was no association between foal and mare serum or colostral enzyme activities. AST activity plateaued at 5‐6 days, whereas GGT activity and total and indirect bilirubin concentrations peaked at 14 and 3‐4 days of age, respectively.ConclusionsTransient increases in GLDH, SDH, and GGT activities and total and indirect bilirubin concentrations occur in clinically healthy neonatal foals and do not necessarily indicate relevant liver disease.
Sperm phylogeny of Characidae (Teleostei, Characiformes)
Authors: Mirande Juan Marcos , Baicere‐Silva Clarianna M. , Santana Júlio C. O. , Quagio‐Grassiotto Irani 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe phylogeny of the very diverse Neotropical fish family Characidae has been the subject of several recent contributions based on morphological characters, molecular data or both in combined analyses. In cases of conflict between these kinds of data, resolution by combined analyses most often tends to agree with the molecular evidence, given the disproportionate number of characters it contains in comparison with morphological datasets. This happens especially after the advent of massive DNA sequencing methods. In this contribution, we present the most comprehensive set of characters from sperm and spermiogenesis of the Characidae. Since these traits are not expected to be functionally correlated with the general morphology or molecular markers, we consider them a third source of data. We provide a phylogenetic analysis from a combined dataset of seven molecular markers (6444 characters), general morphology (520 characters) and reproductive features (94 characters) coded for 165 species of characiform fishes. Parsimony analyses were done under extended implied weighting under 30 different combinations of weighting schemes and strengths. Most parsimonious trees from two different weighting conditions were selected as representative samples of the obtained topologies, in order to evaluate the performance of the reproductive characters. One of these hypotheses is more conservative regarding the currently accepted phylogenies and the other is the most parsimonious tree that we found as the best correlated with the morphological data. Reproductive characters are shown to be more homoplastic than general morphology and DNA, but provided synapomorphies for 23–24 nodes that had no morphological synapomorphies, justifying their use in phylogenetic analyses. Also, in combination with data from general morphology and considering details of the phylogenetic analysis, they showed to have the potential to challenge well‐established hypotheses based on molecular data.
Curve classes on Calabi–Yau complete intersections in toric varieties
Authors: Skauli Bjørn 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe prove the integral Hodge conjecture for curve classes on smooth varieties of dimension at least three constructed as a complete intersection of ample hypersurfaces in a smooth projective toric variety, such that the anticanonical divisor is the restriction of a nef divisor. In particular, this includes the case of smooth anticanonical hypersurfaces in toric Fano varieties. In fact, using results of Casagrande and the toric minimal model program, we prove that in each case, is generated by classes of rational curves.
Hodge theory for elliptic curves and the Hopf element ν$\nu$
Authors: Devalapurkar Sanath K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe show that the vector bundle on the moduli stack of elliptic curves associated to the 2‐cell complex is isomorphic to the de Rham cohomology sheaf of the universal elliptic curve . We use this to calculate the homotopy groups of the ‐quotient of by , called the spectrum of ‘topological quasimodular forms’, by relating its Adams–Novikov spectral sequence to the cohomology of the moduli stack of cubic curves with a chosen splitting of the Hodge–de Rham filtration.
Lift Computation Through Crossflow Measurement Behind a Rectangular Semiwing in Ground Effect
Authors: Lin G. , Lee T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The lift force of a rectangular semiwing in stationary ground effect was computed based on the spanwise circulation distribution inferred from wake crossflow measurement and was compared with the direct force balance data at Re = 2.48 × 105. The lift calculated was found to be in good agreement with the force-balance measurement for ground distances h larger than 10% of the airfoil chord c. In close ground proximity (h/c ≤ 10%), a large discrepancy however existed due to the appearance of a multiple vortex system consisting of a tip vortex, a corotating ground vortex, and a counter-rotating secondary vortex. The counter-rotating secondary vortex offset the vorticity of the tip vortex. By considering its contribution additive, the discrepancy observed between the lift forces computed and measured with the force balance in close ground proximity became marginal. The impact of ground effect on lift-induced drag was also discussed.
Microscopic Spin Hamiltonian for a Dipolar Heisenberg Magnet LiGdF4 from EPR Measurements
Authors: Sosin S. S. , Iafarova A. F. , Romanova I. V. , Morozov O. A. , Korableva S. L. , Batulin R. G. , Zhitomirsky M. , Glazkov V. N. 
Published: November 2022

Low-temperature electron paramagnetic resonance measurements are performed on single crystals of LiY1 ‒xGdxF4with low$$x = 0.005$$and moderate$$x = 0.05$$concentration of Gd ions. Modeling of the experimental spectra allows us to precisely determine microscopic parameters of the spin Hamiltonian of the parent LiGdF4material, including the nearest-neighbor exchange constant. The obtained parameters are further tested by comparing a strongly anisotropic Curie–Weiss temperature obtained for LiGdF4in our static magnetization measurements with theoretically computed values. We find a fine balance between principal magnetic interactions in LiGdF4, which results in a hidden magnetic frustration presumably leading to a delayed magnetic ordering and an enhanced magnetocaloric effect at low temperatures.