bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta-analysis on the structure of pulmonary rehabilitation maintenance programmes on COPD patients’ functional capacity
Authors: Silva Liliana , Maricoto Tiago , Costa Patrício , Berger-Estilita Joana , Padilha José Miguel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves functional capacity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in COPD patients, and maintenance programmes are relevant in preserving those improvements. However, little is known about the structure of maintenance programmes after PR. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental and quasi-experimental studies evaluating individuals with COPD admitted to a maintenance PR programme, delivered after an initial PR programme. We reported functional capacity evaluation (6-minute-walking-test), HRQoL, dyspnoea and symptom control. Searches were performed on the 11th April 2021 using MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCO, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. We extracted summary-level data from trial publications and used a random-effects model, predicting that severe heterogeneity was detected. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021247724). Fifteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, with 1151 participants. Maintenance programmes were associated with a pooled mean increase of 27.08 meters in 6mWT (CI: 10.39 to 43.77; I2 = 93%; p < 0.0001), being better in supervised, long (>12 month) home-based programmes; and having a potential MD of -4.20 pts in SGRQ (CI: -4.49 to -3.91; I2 = 0%; p = 0.74). Regarding dyspnoea and exacerbations, we found a nonsignificant trend for improvement after maintenance PR programmes. Severe COPD patients showed smaller improvements in programmes up to a year. Overall, the strength of the underlying evidence was moderate. Despite limitations of risk of bias and heterogeneity, our results support that home-based, supervised, long-term maintenance PR programmes may significantly improve functional capacity in COPD patients and HRQoL.
Profiling RNA at chromatin targets in situ by antibody-targeted tagmentation
Authors: Khyzha Nadiya , Henikoff Steven , Ahmad Kami 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhereas techniques to map chromatin-bound proteins are well developed, mapping chromatin-associated RNAs remains a challenge. Here, we describe Reverse Transcribe and Tagment (RT&Tag), in which RNAs associated with a chromatin epitope are targeted by an antibody followed by a protein A-Tn5 transposome. Localized reverse transcription generates RNA/cDNA hybrids that are subsequently tagmented by Tn5 transposases for downstream sequencing. We demonstrate the utility of RT&Tag inDrosophilacells for capturing the noncoding RNA roX2 with the dosage compensation complex and maturing transcripts associated with silencing histone modifications. We also show that RT&Tag can detect N6-methyladenosine-modified mRNAs, and show that genes producing methylated transcripts are characterized by extensive promoter pausing of RNA polymerase II. The high efficiency of in situ antibody tethering and tagmentation makes RT&Tag especially suitable for rapid low-cost profiling of chromatin-associated RNAs.
A Dataset of 3D Structural and Simulated Transport Properties of Complex Porous Media
Authors: Santos Javier E. , Chang Bernard , Gigliotti Alex , Yin Ying , Song Wenhui , Prodanović Maša , Kang Qinjun , Lubbers Nicholas , Viswanathan Hari 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPhysical processes that occur within porous materials have wide-ranging applications including - but not limited to - carbon sequestration, battery technology, membranes, oil and gas, geothermal energy, nuclear waste disposal, water resource management. The equations that describe these physical processes have been studied extensively; however, approximating them numerically requires immense computational resources due to the complex behavior that arises from the geometrically-intricate solid boundary conditions in porous materials. Here, we introduce a new dataset of unprecedented scale and breadth, DRP-372: a catalog of 3D geometries, simulation results, and structural properties of samples hosted on the Digital Rocks Portal. The dataset includes 1736 flow and electrical simulation results on 217 samples, which required more than 500 core years of computation. This data can be used for many purposes, such as constructing empirical models, validating new simulation codes, and developing machine learning algorithms that closely match the extensive purely-physical simulation. This article offers a detailed description of the contents of the dataset including the data collection, simulation schemes, and data validation.
Beta tricalcium phosphate, either alone or in combination with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy or doxycycline, prevents medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw
Authors: Hadad Henrique , Kawamata de Jesus Laís , Piquera Santos Ana Flávia , Rinaldi Matheus Henrique , de Souza Rodrigues Letícia Gabriella , Paolo Poli Pier , Marcantonio Junior Elcio , Pozzi Semeghini Guastaldi Fernando , Maiorana Carlo , Milanezi de Almeida Juliano , Okamoto Roberta , Ávila Souza Francisley 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSurgical trauma in those under a prolonged use of bisphosphonates, can lead to mediation-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). This study aimed to evaluate the preventive therapies for MRONJ. Following four cycles of zoledronic acid administration, Wistar rats had their molar extracted, and were organized into nine treatment groups: negative control group (NCG), treated with saline solution and blood-clot in the alveolus; positive control group (PCG), with blood-clot in the alveolus; BG, β-tricalcium phosphate-based biomaterial; DG, 10% doxycycline gel; aG, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy; and DBG, aBG, aDG, and aDBG, using combination therapy. After 28 days, the lowest bone volume (BV/TV) was reported in PCG (42.17% ± 2.65), and the highest in aDBG (69.85% ± 6.25) (p < 0.05). The higher values of daily mineral apposition rate were recorded in aDBG (2.64 ± 0.48) and DBG (2.30 ± 0.37) (p < 0.001). Moreover, aDBG presented with the highest neoformed bone area (82.44% ± 2.69) (p < 0.05). Non-vital bone was reported only in the PCG (37.94 ± 18.70%). Owing to the key role of the biomaterial, the combination approach (aDBG) was the most effective in preventing MRONJ following tooth extraction.
Large waves and navigation hazards of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Knobler Sagi , Liberzon Dan , Fedele Francesco 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present a statistical analysis of deep-water buoy measurements of large waves generated during two major storms of the Eastern Mediterranean in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The largest waves observed do display similar characteristics to those of the Draupner, Andrea, and El Faro rogue waves in that second order bound nonlinearities enhance the linear dispersive focusing of extreme waves. We also present a novel analysis of waves in space-time to predict potential risks posed by such large waves to navigation. In particular, we consider the scenario of two types of vessels of the Israeli Navy fleet navigating during the most intense stages of the two storms considered here and provide predictions for the largest waves likely to be encountered.
The distribution of initial estimates moderates the effect of social influence on the wisdom of the crowd
Authors: Almaatouq Abdullah , Rahimian M. Amin , Burton Jason W. , Alhajri Abdulla 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhether, and under what conditions, groups exhibit “crowd wisdom” has been a major focus of research across the social and computational sciences. Much of this work has focused on the role of social influence in promoting the wisdom of the crowd versus leading the crowd astray and has resulted in conflicting conclusions about how social network structure determines the impact of social influence. Here, we demonstrate that it is not enough to consider the network structure in isolation. Using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and reanalysis of four experimental datasets (totaling 2885 human subjects), we find that the wisdom of crowds critically depends on the interaction between (i) the centralization of the social influence network and (ii) the distribution of the initial individual estimates. By adopting a framework that integrates both the structure of the social influence and the distribution of the initial estimates, we bring previously conflicting results under one theoretical framework and clarify the effects of social influence on the wisdom of crowds.
Detection parameters for managing invasive rats in urban environments
Authors: Mackenzie Henry R. , Latham M. Cecilia , Anderson Dean P. , Hartley Stephen , Norbury Grant L. , Latham A. David M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEffective mitigation of the impacts of invasive ship rats (Rattus rattus) requires a good understanding of their ecology, but this knowledge is very sparse for urban and peri-urban areas. We radiomarked ship rats in Wellington, New Zealand, to estimate detection parameters (σ, ε0, θ, and g0) that describe the process of an animal encountering a device (bait stations, chew cards and WaxTags) from a distance, and then approaching it and deciding whether to interact with it. We used this information in simulation models to estimate optimal device spacing for eradicating ship rats from Wellington, and for confirming eradication. Mean σ was 25.37 m (SD = 11.63), which equates to a circular home range of 1.21 ha. The mean nightly probability of an individual encountering a device at its home range center (ε0) was 0.38 (SD = 0.11), whereas the probability of interacting with the encountered device (θ) was 0.34 (SD = 0.12). The derived mean nightly probability of an individual interacting with a device at its home range center (g0) was 0.13 (SD = 0.08). Importantly, σ and g0 are intrinsically linked through a negative relationship, thus g0 should be derived from σ using a predictive model including individual variability. Simulations using this approach showed that bait stations deployed for about 500 days using a 25 m × 25 m grid consistently achieved eradication, and that a surveillance network of 3.25 chew cards ha−1 or 3.75 WaxTags ha−1 active for 14 nights would be required to confidently declare eradication. This density could be halved if the surveillance network was deployed for 28 nights or if the prior confidence in eradication was high (0.85). These recommendations take no account of differences in detection parameters between habitats. Therefore, if surveillance suggests that individuals are not encountering devices in certain habitats, device density should be adaptively revised. This approach applies to initiatives globally that aim to optimise eradication with limited funding.
An ultra-small nine-color spectrometer with a two-layer biparted ten-dichroic-mirror array and an image sensor
Authors: Anazawa Takashi , Yamamoto Shuhei , Inaba Ryoji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn ultra-small (54 × 58 × 8.5 mm) and large aperture (1 × 7 mm) nine-color spectrometer—using an array of ten dichroic mirrors “biparted” as two layers—was developed and used for snapshot spectral imaging. Incident-light flux with a cross section smaller than the aperture size is split into nine color fluxes with 20-nm-width contiguous wavelength bands and central wavelengths of 530, 550, 570, 590, 610, 630, 650, 670, and 690 nm. Images of the nine color fluxes are simultaneously and efficiently measured by an image sensor. Unlike a conventional dichroic-mirror array, the developed dichroic-mirror array has a unique biparted configuration that not only increases the number of colors that can be measured simultaneously but also improves the image resolution of each color flux. The developed nine-color spectrometer was used for four-capillary-array electrophoresis. Eight dyes concurrently migrating in each capillary were simultaneously quantified by nine-color laser-induced fluorescence detection. Since the nine-color spectrometer is not only ultra-small and inexpensive but also has high light throughput and sufficient spectral resolution for most spectral-imaging applications, it has the potential to be widely used in various fields.
The use of thermal imaging for monitoring the training progress of professional male sweep rowers
Authors: Straburzyńska-Lupa Anna , Korman Paweł , Śliwicka Ewa , Kryściak Jakub , Ogurkowska Małgorzata Barbara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study assesses the thermal profile of the skin in highly trained rowers and investigates the relationship between resting skin temperature (Ts) and the muscle peak torque (PT) measured in statics at the beginning (autumn) and the end (spring) of the preparatory period. Ten professional male sweep rowers, members of the Polish national rowing team, were investigated. A thermal imaging camera was used to analyze the Ts. The PT of the muscles involved in the rowing cycle were measured isometrically. No significant temperature asymmetries were found, except in front of arms after exercise in the spring (p = 0.0228). In contrast, the PT test in the autumn confirmed the significant asymmetry of the knee joint extensors (p = 0.0192). In spring compared to autumn, Ts in many areas of the body were slightly higher, as was PT of underlying muscles. Significant correlations between resting Ts and PT of the underlying muscles were found. Thermal imaging makes it possible to observe changes in skin temperature and symmetry before and after exercise. At this stage, it does not appear to be a method that, without supporting of other methods such as those assessing muscle function, will allow monitoring of training progress.
Efficacy of thermoplastic polyurethane and gelatin blended nanofibers covered stent graft in the porcine iliac artery
Authors: Ryu Dae Sung , Won Dong-Sung , Kim Ji Won , Park Yubeen , Kim Song Hee , Kang Jeon Min , Zeng Chu Hui , Lim Dohyung , Choi Hyun , Park Jung-Hoon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStent-grafts composed of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane (PU) are characterized by poor endothelialization, high modulus, and low compliance, leading to thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia. A composite synthetic/natural matrix is considered a promising alternative to conventional synthetic stent-grafts. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and gelatin (GL) blended nanofibers (NFs) covered stent-graft in the porcine iliac artery. Twelve pigs were randomly sacrificed 7 days (n = 6) and 28 days (n = 6) after stent-graft placement. The thrombogenicity score at 28 days was significantly increased compared at 7 days (p < 0.001). The thickness of neointimal hyperplasia, degree of inflammatory cell infiltration, and degree of collagen deposition were significantly higher at 28 days than at 7 days (all p < 0.001). The TPU and GL blended NFs-covered stent-grafts successfully maintained the patency for 28 days in the porcine iliac artery. Although thrombosis with neointimal tissue were observed, no subsequent occlusion of the stent-graft was noted until the end of the study. Composite synthetic/natural matrix-covered stent-grafts may be promising for prolonging stent-graft patency.
Wearable, wireless, multi-sensor device for monitoring tissue circulation after free-tissue transplantation: a multicentre clinical trial
Authors: Tomioka Yoko , Sekino Masaki , Gu Jian , Kurita Masakazu , Yamashita Shuji , Miyamoto Shimpei , Iida Takuya , Kanayama Koji , Yoshimura Kotaro , Nakagawa Masahiro , Akazawa Satoshi , Kagaya Yu , Tanaka Kentaro , Sunaga Yuki , Ueda Keiko , Kawahara Takuya , Tahara Yukiko , Okazaki Mutsumi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWearable sensors have seen remarkable recent technological developments, and their role in healthcare is expected to expand. Specifically, monitoring tissue circulation in patients who have undergone reconstructive surgery is critical because blood flow deficiencies must be rescued within hours or the transplant will fail due to thrombosis/haematoma within the artery or vein. We design a wearable, wireless, continuous, multipoint sensor to monitor tissue circulation. The system measures pulse waves, skin colour, and tissue temperature to reproduce physician assessment. Data are analysed in real time for patient risk using an algorithm. This multicentre clinical trial involved 73 patients who underwent transplant surgery and had their tissue circulation monitored until postoperative day 7. Herein, we show that the overall agreement rate between physician and sensor findings is 99.2%. In addition, the patient questionnaire results indicate that the device is easy to wear. The sensor demonstrates non-invasive, real-time, continuous, multi-point, wireless, and reliable monitoring for postoperative care. This wearable system can improve the success rate of reconstructive surgeries.
Structural insights of the elongation factor EF-Tu complexes in protein translation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Zhan Bowen , Gao Yanqing , Gao Wenqing , Li Ye , Li Zhengyang , Qi Qi , Lan Xin , Shen Hongbo , Gan Jianhua , Zhao Guoping , Li Jixi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) caused byMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) is the second-deadliest infectious disease worldwide. Emerging evidence shows that the elongation factor EF-Tu could be an excellent target for treating Mtb infection. Here, we report the crystal structures of Mtb EF-Tu•EF-Ts and EF-Tu•GDP complexes, showing the molecular basis of EF-Tu’s representative recycling and inactive forms in protein translation. Mtb EF-Tu binds with EF-Ts at a 1:1 ratio in solution and crystal packing. Mutation and SAXS analysis show that EF-Ts residues Arg13, Asn82, and His149 are indispensable for the EF-Tu/EF-Ts complex formation. The GDP binding pocket of EF-Tu dramatically changes conformations upon binding with EF-Ts, sharing a similar GDP-exchange mechanism inE. coliandT. ther. Also, the FDA-approved drug Osimertinib inhibits the growth ofM. smegmatis, H37Ra, andM. bovisBCG strains by directly binding with EF-Tu. Thus, our work reveals the structural basis of Mtb EF-Tu in polypeptide synthesis and may provide a promising candidate for TB treatment.
GAB functions as a bioenergetic and signalling gatekeeper to control T cell inflammation
Authors: Kang Siwen , Liu Lingling , Wang Tingting , Cannon Matthew , Lin Penghui , Fan Teresa W.-M. , Scott David A. , Wu Hsin-Jung Joyce , Lane Andrew N. , Wang Ruoning 
Published: October 2022

Abstractγ-Aminobutyrate (GAB), the biochemical form of (GABA) γ-aminobutyric acid, participates in shaping physiological processes, including the immune response. How GAB metabolism is controlled to mediate such functions remains elusive. Here we show that GAB is one of the most abundant metabolites in CD4+ T helper 17 (TH17) and induced T regulatory (iTreg) cells. GAB functions as a bioenergetic and signalling gatekeeper by reciprocally controlling pro-inflammatory TH17 cell and anti-inflammatory iTreg cell differentiation through distinct mechanisms. 4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase (ABAT) funnels GAB into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to maximize carbon allocation in promoting TH17 cell differentiation. By contrast, the absence of ABAT activity in iTreg cells enables GAB to be exported to the extracellular environment where it acts as an autocrine signalling metabolite that promotes iTreg cell differentiation. Accordingly, ablation of ABAT activity in T cells protects against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) progression. Conversely, ablation of GABAA receptor in T cells worsens EAE. Our results suggest that the cell-autonomous control of GAB on CD4+ T cells is bimodal and consists of the sequential action of two processes, ABAT-dependent mitochondrial anaplerosis and the receptor-dependent signalling response, both of which are required for T cell-mediated inflammation.
Dense non-aqueous phase liquid chlorinated contaminant detected far from the source release area in an aquifer
Authors: Rossabi Joseph , Jackson Dennis G. , Vermeulen Holly H. , Looney Brian B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHere we confirm migration of chlorinated solvents tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene, and co-disposed elemental mercury as dense non-aqueous phase liquid in an aquifer at a scale larger than previously documented in the literature, over 650 m from original surface discharge. This finding enhances the conceptual model explaining extensive contaminated plume persistence by adding structurally controlled dense non-aqueous phase liquid to known mechanisms such as source dissolution and matrix back-diffusion. Following injections of oxidants at a depth greater than 50 m, which effectively destroyed dissolved chlorinated contaminants during a groundwater remediation pilot test in South Carolina, we measured excess chloride higher than attributable to pre-test dissolved concentrations of chlorinated contaminants, and oxidative releases of mercury, which is an opportunistic tracer of non-aqueous phase solvent transport when in its elemental form. The results suggest potentially targeted destruction strategies in disconnected non-aqueous phase liquid accumulation areas may reduce remediation timeframe and support cleanup of sites previously considered technically impracticable.
Evidence for an extensive ice shelf in northern Baffin Bay during the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Couette Pierre-Olivier , Lajeunesse Patrick , Ghienne Jean-François , Dorschel Boris , Gebhardt Catalina , Hebbeln Dierk , Brouard Etienne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe glaciological significance of ice shelves is relatively well established for the stability of modern ice sheets of Antarctica. Past ice shelves of the Arctic, however, are poorly documented while their role for the stability of former ice sheets remains mostly unknown. Here we present swath bathymetry data and seismostratigraphic profiles that reveal a large moraine system extending along the continental slope off Baffin Island, demonstrating that a 500-m thick ice shelf covered northern Baffin Bay during the last glacial episode. We suggest that this ice shelf had a profound impact on the stability of a series of major ice streams that drained the interior of the Laurentide, Innuitian and Greenland ice sheets. Climate warming and global sea-level rise in the early stage of deglaciation possibly contributed to a large-scale break-up of the ice shelf, which led to the destabilisation and reorganisation of tributary ice streams from these three ice sheets.
Highly compressible and environmentally adaptive conductors with high-tortuosity interconnected cellular architecture
Authors: Wang Yangyu , Qin Haili , Li Zheng , Dai Jing , Cong Huai-Ping , Yu Shu-Hong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractConductive hydrogels that are highly elastic, fatigue resistant and environmentally adaptive are promising materials in the fields of wearable electronics, bioelectronics and soft robotics. However, these materials are challenging to develop, especially for use in harsh environments including organic solvents and extreme temperatures. Here we report a simple method for the fabrication of highly compressible and fatigue-resistant conductive hydrogels with reinforced-concrete-type constituents and high-tortuosity interconnected cellular architecture through a self-assembly and two-stage in situ polymerization process. The obtained composites exhibit excellent mechanical compressibility with negligible residual strain at 50% strain for >104 cyclic loadings both in air and water. Due to the structure-favoured anisotropic response to tensile deformations coupled with elastic recovery, the hydrogel is endowed with sensing dimensions which allow the direction and velocity of movement on the sensor surface to be distinguished. In addition, by interpenetrating with an oleophilic polymer network, highly elastic and adaptive organohydrogels are developed with outstanding sensing performance in a wide variety of organic solvents and cryogenic temperatures. These materials may therefore be suitable for use in flexible and wearable devices in harsh environments.