bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post‐dialysis fatigue and serum S100B protein in patients on chronic hemodialysis. A pilot study
Authors: Bossola Maurizio , Picca Anna , Marzetti Emanuele , Pepe Gilda , Antocicco Manuela , Di Stasio Enrico 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAim of the present study was to assess whether post‐dialysis fatigue (PDF) may be related to pre‐ or post‐dialysis levels of serum S100B protein. Hemodialysis patients (HD) who answered to be fatigued after their hemodialysis sessions when asked: “Do you feel worse after dialysis? if they answered yes” were considered to suffer from PDF. Serum Interleukins (IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10), TNF‐α and S100B were assessed by ELISA kit.ResultsThirty HD patients were studied: 22 (73.4%) reported to suffer from PDF. Serum S100B post‐dialysis levels (median [IQR] = 17.4 μg [7.1 to 30.9]) were significantly higher than serum S100B pre‐dialysis levels (median [IQR] = 5 μg [1.4 to 22.1]; p = 0.0001). S100B post‐dialysis was significantly higher than S100B pre‐dialysis either in patients with PDF or without PDF.ConclusionsPre‐ and post‐dialysis values of serum S100B and its delta did not differ significantly between patients with and without PDF and were not associated with the length of the TIRD in patients on chronic hemodialysis.
V7 ENB‐guided thoracoscopic sublobectomy for stage IA synchronous multiple primary lung cancer
Authors: Wang Kun , Zhang Yu , Xue Mengchao , Wang Yueyao , Li Rongyang , Si Libo , Yue Weiming , Tian Hui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn increasing number of patients are being diagnosed with synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (SMPLC) with the popularization of lung cancer screening programs. However, a strategy for accurate location and suitable surgery therapy is still lacking. The present study aimed to explore the accuracy and feasibility of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB)‐guided thoracoscopic sublobectomy for stage IA SMPLC.MethodsPatients with SMPLC who underwent ENB‐guided sublobectomy from January 2020 to June 2022 were enrolled in this study. The analysis of localization accuracy of ENB and surgical outcome was conducted.ResultsOverall, 138 patients with 353 malignant nodules were enrolled. The tumor size was 0.7 cm (range from 0.5 to 1.1 cm). ENB localization was performed on 162 nodules, and a customized scoring system was developed to evaluate localization accuracy. The success rate of localization was 98.3% (178/181). Notably, localization accuracy was positively correlated with bronchial signs (p < 0.01) and negatively correlated with the distance from the nodule to the pleura (p = 0.02). All nodules were completely resected. Operation time, drainage volume on the third postoperative day, and catheter time were significantly correlated with the resected lesion numbers (p = 0.009, p = 0.004, and p = 0.01, respectively).ConclusionsENB‐guided uniportal video‐assisted thoracoscopic sublobectomy provides accurate preoperative localization and avoids unnecessary lung resection of patients with stage IA SMPLC. However, complete resection of multilocation nodules (more than four lesions) increases the risk of postoperative complications. A new combined treatment strategy for SMPLC should be explored.
Histology and histochemistry of the major salivary glands in the southern white‐breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor)
Authors: Massoud Diaa , Bin‐Meferij Mashael M. , El‐Kott Attala F. , Abd El‐Maksoud Mona M. , Negm Sally 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the major salivary glands in the southern white‐breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor) histologically and histochemically. Five adult males were included in this study. The results showed that anatomically the shape of the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands of the Erinaceus concolor was respectively almost pear, elliptical to pyramidal and oval. Histologically, the parotid gland had serous acini and secretory cells showed negative reaction to alcian blue (AB) (pH = 2.5) and negative response to aldehyde fuchsin (AF), methylene blue (MB) and PAS stains. The submandibular gland was a mixed gland of mucous and serous acini. The mucous acini were strongly positive for PAS, AB, MB and AF. However, serous acini were week for PAS and negative against AB, MB and AF stains. The sublingual gland was purely composed of mucous acini. The mucous acini of the sublingual gland were strongly positives for PAS, AB and MB methods. While their reaction to the AF staining was negative. In conclusion, the histological and histochemical observations of the major salivary glands of the southern white‐breasted hedgehog (E. concolor) indicated that these glands shown similarities and some special different histochemical features as compared to other mammalian species.
Frequency of food allergy in Europe: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Spolidoro Giulia C. I. , Amera Yohannes Tesfaye , Ali Mohamed Mustafa , Nyassi Sungkutu , Lisik Daniil , Ioannidou Athina , Rovner Graciela , Khaleva Ekaterina , Venter Carina , van Ree Ronald , Worm Margitta , Vlieg‐Boerstra Berber , Sheikh Aziz , Muraro Antonella , Roberts Graham , Nwaru Bright I. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFood allergy (FA) is increasingly reported in Europe, however, the latest prevalence estimates were based on studies published a decade ago. The present work provides the most updated estimates of the prevalence and trends of FA in Europe. Databases were searched for studies published between 2012 and 2021, added to studies published up to 2012. In total, 110 studies were included in this update. Most studies were graded as moderate risk of bias. Pooled lifetime and point prevalence of self‐reported FA were 19.9% (95% CI 16.6–23.3) and 13.1% (95% CI 11.3–14.8), respectively. The point prevalence of sensitization based on specific IgE (slgE) was 16.6% (95% CI 12.3–20.8), skin prick test (SPT) 5.7% (95% CI 3.9–7.4), and positive food challenge 0.8% (95% CI 0.5–0.9). While lifetime prevalence of self‐reported FA and food challenge positivity only slightly changed, the point prevalence of self‐reported FA, sIgE and SPT positivity increased from previous estimates. This may reflect a real increase, increased awareness, increased number of foods assessed, or increased number of studies from countries with less data in the first review. Future studies require rigorous designs and implementation of standardized methodology in diagnosing FA, including use of double‐blinded placebo‐controlled food challenge to minimize potential biases.
Scalp biomarkers during dupilumab treatment support Th2 pathway pathogenicity in alopecia areata
Authors: Renert‐Yuval Yael , Pavel Ana B. , Del Duca Ester , Facheris Paola , Pagan Angel D. , Bose Swaroop , Gómez‐Arias Pedro J. , Angelov Michael , Bares Jennifer , Chima Margo , Estrada Yeriel D. , Garcet Sandra , Lebwohl Mark G. , Krueger James G. , Guttman‐Yassky Emma 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe mechanisms driving alopecia areata (AA) are still unclear, hindering development of targeted therapeutics. Specific Th2 targeting with dupilumab in AA provides a unique opportunity to dissect its pathogenesis and explore the role of Th2 pathway.MethodsWe evaluated changes in scalp biomarkers in AA patients (with and without concomitant atopy) randomized to weekly dupilumab or placebo for 24 weeks, followed by open‐label dupilumab for 24 weeks. Changes in biomarker levels were measured at weeks 12, 24, and 48 and were also correlated with clinical hair regrowth.ResultsAt week 24, preceding clinical hair regrowth outcomes, only dupilumab‐treated patients presented significant suppression of cellular infiltrates, and multiple Th2‐related, markers (CCL13/MCP‐4, CCL18/PARC, CCL26/eotaxin‐3, CCL24/Eotaxin‐2), coupled with significant upregulation in the hair keratins. Th1‐related suppression was evident later (week 48) when all patients received open‐label dupilumab. Results were more pronounced in atopic AA patients, that showed 48% and 97% improvements in the lesional AA scalp profile at weeks 24 and 48, respectively, while 2% worsening was seen in the placebo arm at week 24. Moreover, placebo‐treated patients presented 54% worsening in hair keratins when compared with baseline at week 24. At week 24, increases in hair keratins showed significant correlations only with decreases in Th2‐related markers.ConclusionsScalp biomarkers provide evidence of dupilumab efficacy in AA, detected even prior to clinical response, with exclusive correlations between early suppression of Th2 markers and increased hair keratins. These findings strengthen previous reports suggesting a possible role for Th2 cytokines as AA drivers.
Capture‐recapture
Authors: (CRYSTAL) BIRUK CAL 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTCapture‐recapture, a method devised for estimating wildlife population sizes using technologies like bird banding, has been repurposed for use with “rare and elusive” human populations. Capture‐recapture is implemented to count “key populations,” groups that constitute a small portion of the general population but are at high risk of HIV infection, including men who have sex with men. Drawing on ethnographic work in Malawi, I excavate mundane and oblique forms of capture (of labor, value, and viral material) and recapture (producing captive experimental populations) through which key populations come into being. Moving beyond the critical register of dehumanization (counting men as if they were animals) illuminates how efforts to count, care for, and keep track of key populations are mediated by relations of capture and elusion that are simultaneously predatory and capacitating, and entanglements that exceed the confines of a peculiar population‐size estimate method. [quantification, population, capture, global health, biopolitics, data, Malawi, Africa]
Investigating genetic variants in microRNA regulators of Neurokinin‐1 receptor in sudden infant death syndrome
Authors: Shaukat Zeeshan , Byard Roger W. , Vink Robert , Hussain Rashid , Ricos Michael G. , Dibbens Leanne M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) occurs more often in male than in female infants, suggesting involvement of the X‐chromosome. Histopathological studies have suggested that altered expression of the Neurokinin‐1 receptor may also play a role in the pathogenesis of SIDS. It was hypothesised that genetic variants in three X‐chromosome‐encoded microRNA (miRNA/miR), known to down‐regulate expression of the Neurokinin‐1 receptor, may contribute to SIDS.AimTo identify sequence variants in the miRNAs within a study cohort (27 cases of SIDS and 28 controls) and determine if there was a difference in the frequencies in male and female SIDS infants.MethodsGenomic DNA prepared from stored blood spots was amplified and sequenced to identify genetic variants in miR500A, miR500B and miR320D2.ResultsNo novel variants in the miRNAs were identified in our study cohort. We identified one known single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in miR320D2: rs5907732 G/T, in both cases and controls. No significant difference in the SNP frequency was observed between male and female SIDS cases.ConclusionThis pilot study suggests that sequence variants in three miRNAs do not contribute to the reported higher prevalence of SIDS in male infants and do not contribute to the pathogenesis of SIDS in our cohort.
Letter: comedication use and dementia risk in patients with inflammatory bowel disease—authors' reply
Authors: Rønnow Sand Jakob , Troelsen Frederikke Schønfeldt , Horváth‐Puhó Erzsébet , Henderson Victor W. , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Erichsen Rune 
Published: October 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Rønnow Sand et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17119 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17234
Bach on the harbourfront: Geographies of the Toronto music garden
Authors: Kruse Robert 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLocated on the redeveloping waterfront of Canada's largest city, the Toronto Music Garden is a unique public garden inspired by the first of J. S. Bach's Six Suites for Unaccompanied Cello. Designed through a collaboration with cellist Yo‐Yo Ma and landscape designer Julie Moir Messervy, the garden attempts not to represent Bach or his music but to inscribe its essence on the landscape. Several lines of inquiry are pursued in this paper. First, it provides an overview of the geographies of gardens and the ways in which elements of garden design and music composition have influenced each other. Second, it reveals the creative process involved in translating the elements of one art form (music) to another (landscape design). Especially important to this process is Messervy's use of what she terms ‘archetypal’ landforms. Third, the Music Garden is analysed as an integral part of the lived landscape of Toronto's post‐industrial waterfront. Finally, the paper contends that the power and significance of the Toronto Music Garden lies in the interstices between the emotional geographies that informed the design and the resulting affective atmosphere experienced by a diversity of visitors. The methodology for this project includes open‐ended interviews, fieldwork, and archival research. This paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on the roles that the arts can play in the production and utilisation of distinctive public spaces.
Emancipatory archival methods: Exploring the historical geographies of disability
Authors: Crawford Laura 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on the use of emancipatory research principles in archival research and contends with the suitability of academic conventions that characterise ethical practice when the research goal is to elevate the voices of marginalised historical groups. Drawing on a case study of Le Court Cheshire Home, England (1948–1975) to address a critical gap in the literature, I highlight some ethical dilemmas I encountered when working at the nexus of historical geography and geographies of disability. This paper demonstrates what an emancipatory research approach means for an archival study of disability, using examples to illustrate how ethical decisions impacted all stages of the research design and the write‐up of findings. I argue that ethics should not be envisaged solely as an approval process completed at the project's outset. Rather, the explorative nature of archival research necessitates that ethics should be an iterative undertaking, with archival sources having the potential to shape both the content and conduct of the research.
The unknowing expert: Talking to a man about supply chains
Authors: Brice Jeremy 
Published: October 2022

Abstract‘Expert’ or ‘elite’ interviews are often taken to be occasions when an interviewee shares specialist knowledge with a researcher. Drawing on an interview with a supermarket food safety manager, this paper explores what geographers might make of moments when ‘expert’ interviewees turn out to know little about the matters under discussion. Arguing that such moments unsettle depictions of interviewees as passive providers of knowledge or calculating co‐constructors of interview accounts, it suggests that in challenging geographers' assumptions about expertise they can disclose new avenues of research and yield novel insights into the geographies of knowledge and the politics of accountability.
The role of non‐natural foods in the nutritional strategies of monkeys in a human‐modified mosaic landscape
Authors: Takahashi Maressa Q. , Rothman Jessica M. , Cords Marina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMany tropical animals inhabit mosaic landscapes including human‐modified habitat. In such landscapes, animals commonly adjust feeding behavior, and may incorporate non‐natural foods. These behavioral shifts can influence consumers' nutritional states, with implications for population persistence. However, few studies have addressed the nutritional role of non‐natural food. We examined nutritional ecology of wild blue monkeys to understand how dietary habits related to non‐natural foods might support population persistence in a mosaic landscape. We documented prevalence and nutritional composition of non‐natural foods in monkey diets to assess how habitat use influenced their consumption, and their contribution to nutritional strategies. While most energy and macronutrients came from natural foods, subjects focused non‐natural feeding activity on five exotic plants, and averaged about a third of daily calories from non‐natural foods. Most non‐natural food calories came from non‐structural carbohydrates and least from protein. Consumption of non‐natural foods related to time in human‐modified habitats, which two groups used non‐randomly. Non‐natural and natural foods were similar in nutrients, and the amount of non‐natural food consumed drove variation in nutritional strategy. When more daily calories came from non‐natural foods, females consumed a higher ratio of non‐protein energy to protein (NPE:P). Females also prioritized protein while allowing NPE:P to vary, increasing NPE while capitalizing on non‐natural foods. Overall, these tropical mammals achieved a similar nutrient balance regardless of their intake of non‐natural foods. Forest and forest‐adjacent areas with non‐natural vegetation may provide adequate nutrient access for consumers, and thus contribute to wildlife conservation in mosaic tropical landscapes.
Lead modification via computational studies: Synthesis of pyrazole‐containing β‐amino carbonyls for the treatment of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Nidhar Manisha , Kumar Vipin , Mahapatra Archisman , Gupta Priya , Yadav Priyanka , Sonker Priyanka , Kumar Akhilesh , Mishra Shweta , Singh Rahul Kumar , Tewari Ashish Kumar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article describes studies on the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of pyrazole‐containing β‐amino carbonyl compounds (5a–5q) as DPP‐4 inhibitors and anti‐diabetic agents. In contrast, mannich reactions went smoothly with bismuth nitrate (Bi (NO3)3) catalyst in the presence of ethanol and produced pyrazole‐containing β‐amino carbonyl compounds in good yield. Molecular docking studies of designed derivatives with DPP‐4 enzyme (PDB: 2OLE), compounds 5d, 5h, 5j, and 5k showed excellent interaction. 3D QSAR and pharmacophoric model studies were also carried out. ADMET parameters, pharmacokinetic properties, and in vivo toxicity studies further confirmed that all the designed compounds were found to have good bioavailability and were less toxic. Further, these compounds were evaluated as enzyme‐based in vitro DPP‐4 inhibitory activity, and 5d, 5h, 5i, 5j, and 5k exhibited IC50 toward DPP‐4 enzyme of 10.52, 10.41, 5.55, 4.16, and 7.5 nM, respectively. The most potent compound, 5j, was further selected for in vivo anti‐diabetic activity using an STZ‐induced diabetic mice model, and 5j showed a significant diabetic control effect.
Peer attachment and self‐esteem mediate the relationship between family function and social anxiety in migrant children in China
Authors: Ying Liuhua , Shuang Zhang , Jia Xuji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSocial anxiety is a frequently reported symptom in children and adolescents. The literature suggests that family function is related to symptoms of social anxiety in children. However, relatively little is known about the potential mechanisms underlying the relationship between family function and social anxiety. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to examine the roles of peer attachment and self‐esteem in the relationship between family function and social anxiety in a sample of migrant children in China.MethodsA total of 437 participants (54.9% male; meanage = 10.87 years) were selected from two public schools of migrant children in two areas of Hangzhou and Jiaxing, the major labor‐importing cities in China, in May 2016. All participants completed four questionnaires assessing family function, peer attachment, self‐esteem, and social anxiety.ResultsThe results showed that family function was bivariately and significantly related to symptoms of social anxiety. Additionally, self‐esteem fully mediated the relationship between family function and social anxiety peer attachment. Moreover, the relationship between family function and social anxiety was fully mediated by peer attachment and self‐esteem (in that order).ConclusionsPeer attachment and self‐esteem serve as critical pathways linking family function and social anxiety. Thus, tailored interventions should consider the roles of peer attachment and self‐esteem to alleviate symptoms of social anxiety in migrant children.
A minimally invasive method for titanium mesh fixation with resorbable sutures in guided bone regeneration: A retrospective study
Authors: Li Songhang , Zhao Yuxuan , Tian Taoran , Zhang Tianxu , Xie Yu , Cai Xiaoxiao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesTitanium mesh has become a mainstream choice for guided bone regeneration (GBR) owing to its excellent space maintenance. However, the traditional fixation method using titanium screws impacts surgery efficiency and increases patient trauma. We report a novel method of fixing a titanium mesh using resorbable sutures. We assessed the feasibility of resorbable sutures for fixing a titanium mesh and whether it can serve as a stable, universal, and minimally invasive fixation method for a broader application of titanium meshes.MethodsPatients undergoing GBR with a digital titanium mesh fixed using titanium screws (TS group) and resorbable sutures (RS group) were observed at different time points. The stability of the fixation methods was evaluated on parameters such as titanium mesh spatial displacement, bone augmentation, and bone resorption.ResultsA total of 36 patients were included in this study. The exposure rate of the titanium mesh in the TS group was 16.67%, while no exposure was noted in the RS group. There was no significant difference in the parameters of titanium mesh spatial displacement, bone augmentation, and bone resorption between the two groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe use of resorbable sutures for fixing a titanium mesh can achieve similar results to traditional fixation using titanium screws. Although this new fixation method can improve the efficiency of the surgery and reduce the risk of complications, the long‐term clinical effects require further follow‐up investigation.
A realist review of programs for siblings of children who have an intellectual/developmental disability
Authors: Marquis Sandra , O'Leary Renee , Hayden Nikita K. , Baumbusch Jennifer 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveOur purpose is to answer the following question: What mechanisms or components of programs, groups, or interventions improve psychological and social aspects of the lives of siblings of children who have intellectual/developmental disabilities (IDD)? Secondly, using a realist review format, we develop program theories and recommendations that can guide current and future sibling support programs.BackgroundThere is evidence that having a sibling with IDD can affect the physical health, behavior, and mental health of siblings who do not have IDD. As a result, support programs have been developed for these nondisabled siblings.MethodsWe conducted a realist review of 31 studies assessing support programs for siblings of children with IDD. Gray literature was also included. Applying the realist paradigm, we identified program contexts, mechanisms that promote program effectiveness, and the outcomes of the programs.ResultsWe found that contextual information was often lacking in the research and no studies examined the effectiveness of individual program components. However, the mechanisms of validation of feelings and experiences, time with parents, and respite were observed as beneficial for the siblings. From our analysis and using a realist review paradigm, we developed four program theories that reflect the siblings' experiences in the various programs.ConclusionThe four program theories derived from this realist review can be summarized as “I am not the only one,” “I have needs too,” “I need my parents' attention,” and “I need a break.”ImplicationsBased upon the four theories, we offer recommendations to guide program development.