bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for the Preferential Disruption of Moderately Massive Stars by Supermassive Black Holes
Authors: Mockler Brenna , Twum Angela A. , Auchettl Katie , Dodd Sierra , French K. D. , Law-Smith Jamie A. P. , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Tidal disruption events (TDEs) provide a unique opportunity to probe the stellar populations around supermassive black holes (SMBHs). By combining light-curve modeling with spectral line information and knowledge about the stellar populations in the host galaxies, we are able to constrain the properties of the disrupted star for three TDEs. The TDEs in our sample have UV spectra, and measurements of the UV N iii to C iii line ratios enabled estimates of the nitrogen-to-carbon abundance ratios for these events. We show that the measured nitrogen line widths are consistent with originating from the disrupted stellar material dispersed by the central SMBH. We find that these nitrogen-to-carbon abundance ratios necessitate the disruption of moderately massive stars (≳1–2 M
⊙). We determine that these moderately massive disruptions are overrepresented by a factor of ≳102 when compared to the overall stellar population of the post-starburst galaxy hosts. This implies that SMBHs are preferentially disrupting higher mass stars, possibly due to ongoing top-heavy star formation in nuclear star clusters or to dynamical mechanisms that preferentially transport higher mass stars to their tidal radii.
Statistical Analyses of the Energies of X-Ray Plateaus and Flares in Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Yi Shuang-Xi , Du Mei , Liu Tong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Distinct X-ray plateau and flare phases have been observed in the afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and most of them should be related to central engine activities. In this paper, we collect 174 GRBs with X-ray plateau phases and 106 GRBs with X-ray flares. There are 51 GRBs that overlap in the two selected samples. We analyze the distributions of the proportions of the plateau energy E
plateau and the flare energy

E

flare

relative to the isotropic prompt emission energy E

γ,iso. The results indicate that they well meet the Gaussian distributions and the medians of the logarithmic ratios are ∼−0.96 and −1.39 in the two cases. Moreover, strong positive correlations between E
plateau (or

E

flare

) and E

γ,iso with slopes of ∼0.95 (or ∼0.80) are presented. For the overlapping sample, the slope is ∼0.80. We argue that most of X-ray plateaus and flares might have the same physical origin but appear with different features because of the different circumstances and radiation mechanisms. We also test the applicabilities of two models, i.e., black holes surrounded by fractured hyperaccretion disks and millisecond magnetars, on the origins of X-ray plateaus and flares.
L’Élysée, lieu cérémoniel
Authors: Stéfanini Laurent 
Published: January 2022

Le palais de l’Élysée, devenu par les hasards de notre vie politique le siège de la présidence de la République, n’est pas le lieu idéal pour tenir des cérémonies publiques. Il a donc fallu faire preuve d’imagination et mettre à contribution des espaces, places, avenues, églises et monuments proches, formant une sorte d’« Élysée hors les murs ». Pour autant, de nombreuses cérémonies s’y tiennent, à commencer par la plus fondamentale d’entre elles, l’installation du président nouvellement élu. Par sa taille et sa situation dans la géographie de la ville-capitale, l’Élysée n’a qu’un équivalent dans le monde, la Maison-Blanche.
Les comptes de l’Élysée : autonomie financière et administrative
Authors: Darnay Éva 
Published: January 2022

Alors que, des siècles durant, l’absence de contrôle sur l’organisation administrative et financière de la présidence de la République a permis de préserver son autonomie, la montée en puissance des exigences en matière de transparence de la vie publique depuis le début des années 2000, combinée à de nouvelles aspirations citoyennes, a changé la donne. Que reste-t-il alors du principe d’autonomie de gestion de la présidence, historiquement ancré et perçu comme le corollaire de la séparation des pouvoirs ? Technique en apparence, cette étude permet en réalité de s’attarder sur un phénomène peu connu qui pourtant modifie de manière lente mais affirmée la perception qu’ont les juristes, et plus largement les citoyens, de l’Élysée en tant qu’organisation administrative.
Médiateurs, éducateurs et police de rue : entre confrontation, coopération et méfiance réciproque
Authors: Boucher Manuel 
Published: January 2022

Au début des années 2000, deux modèles principaux d’intervention sociale sont en concurrence pour assurer la régulation sociale des désordres dans les quartiers populaires : d’un côté, celui de la « prévention-intégration » incarné par les éducateurs de rue, de l’autre, celui de la « médiation-sécurité » représenté par les médiateurs sociaux. Aujourd’hui, dans un contexte de ghettoïsation socio-ethnique de nombreuses cités d’habitat social, les intervenants sociaux liés aux champs de la médiation-sécurité et de l’animation, bien que socialement moins bien reconnus que les travailleurs sociaux qualifiés, ont en grande partie supplanté les éducateurs pour assurer la paix sociale de ces territoires. Cependant, ces acteurs sociaux ethnicisés, assimilés aux « cités sensibles » dont ils sont issus, vivent des épreuves de stigmatisation et de discrimination de la part d’autres professionnels chargés du contrôle et de la répression des phénomènes de déviance et de délinquance. En effet, des forces de l’ordre ainsi que des travailleurs sociaux patentés se méfient des médiateurs au point de les percevoir comme des adversaires plutôt que des partenaires.
Validation of Physical Examination Perceived Self-Efficacy Instrument for Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Nasaif Husain , Alaradi Maryam , Alansari Ahmed , Jassim Ghufran 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Numerous studies have revealed that nursing students perceive lack of confidence as one of the key barriers to performing physical examination; however, it is not empirically measured. This study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the Physical Examination Perceived Self-Efficacy Instrument.

Method:
The study included three phases: in Phase 1, 51 items were constructed; in Phase 2, 7 field experts rated items for relevancy; and in Phase 3, the instrument was piloted to a convenience sample of 238 students.

Results:

The analysis yielded six factors with a factor loading >0.40. The corrected item-total correlation ranged from 0.6 to 0.87. Cronbach's alpha ranged from .84 to .98. The interscale correlation of the instrument was statistically significant (
p
< .001).

Conclusion:

We found that the instrument is a psychometrically robust measure of self-efficacy of performing physical examination. The instrument could provide a better understanding of the association between perceived self-efficacy and students' academic performance.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2022;61(1):36–40.]
Fatty acid composition, phytochemicals and antioxidant potential of Capparis spinosa sedes
Authors: Bodaghzadeh A. , Alirezalu K. , Amini S. , Alirezalu A. , Domínguez R. , Lorenzo J.M. 
Published: January 2022

The present study evaluates the contents in bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, oil content and fatty acid composition of Capparis spinosa seeds. Samples were collected from 5 different habitats (AH: Ahar; KU: Kurdistan; U1, U2 and U3: Urmia) in Iran. The oil content in the seeds ranged from 16 to 27%. The predominant fatty acid was linoleic acid (45-50%) followed by oleic acid (30-39%), palmitic acid (2-8%) and stearic acid (2-3%). Total phenolic content (TPC) varied from 16.3 to 24.2 mg GAE/ g DW; total flavonoid content (TFC) ranged from 1.48 to 3.05 mg QE/g DW; and the antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) of the seeds was between 35 and 63%. The compounds obtained from different genotypes of C. spinosa seeds had different compositions, great antioxidant capacity and unsaturated fatty acids, and therefore could be a prospective source of natural bioactive molecules for the food and health industry.
El efecto austeridad. El activismo de partido en Europa durante la Gran Recesión
Authors: Rodríguez-Teruel Juan , Correa Patricia , Barberà Oscar 
Published: January 2022

El artículo analiza la evolución de la afiliación y el activismo partidista en Europa en los últimos veinte años. Tenemos dos objetivos principales. En primer lugar, proporcionamos una nueva tipología de los diferentes modos de vinculación a los partidos políticos. De acuerdo con el modelo de afiliación multi-speed de Susan Scarrow, abogamos por una re-conceptualización del activismo de partido que lo separe de la afiliación formal. Basándonos en datos de la ESS, observamos que la disminución formal de la vinculación a los partidos va acompañada de proporciones estables o incluso crecientes de activismo partidista, lo que sugiere diferentes tendencias de evolución para diferentes modos de afiliación partidista. En segundo lugar, analizamos el efecto movilizador de la Gran Recesión sobre el activismo de partido en las democracias europeas. Usando regresiones de error estándar corregidas por panel, nuestros resultados muestran que aquellos países que implementaron políticas de austeridad duras experimentaron un aumento significativo del activismo de partido durante los años de los rescates financieros.
Physical Educators Teachers Perceptions when Teaching English Language Learners (ELL)
Authors: Iannacchino Cristina , Samalot-Rivera Amaury 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore how physical educators from the state of New York accommodate English Language Learners (ELL) in their Physical Education (PE) classes. Furthermore, to find out how many teachers have a background in foreign languages and the strategies they use to teach these students. A content-validated open-ended questionnaire was used to collect the data. A total of 53 PE teachers completed the questionnaire. Results from this study indicated that the majority (73%) do not know a second language other than English. They also expressed the need for teacher preparation programs to provide more information on effective strategies on how to teach ELL students. Data analysis uncovered two recurrent themes: (a) lack of knowledge on a second language, and (b) the lack of knowledge of effective teaching strategies. Professional development opportunities and clear guidelines on how to teach ELL students need to be provided to PE teachers.
O ensino de Geografia
Authors: Reclus Élisée 
Published: January 2022

Trata-se da tradução de um dos mais importantes textos escritos pelo anarquista-geógrafo francês Jacques Élisée Reclus sobre ensino de geografia, no qual apresenta uma visão bastante questionadora sobre esta disciplina escolar. O texto foi escrito em 1903 e publicado neste mesmo ano no Boletim da Sociedade Belga de Astronomia.
RECLUS, Élisée. L'Enseignement de la Géographie. Bulletin de la Société Belge d'Astronomie, n° 11, 1903, p. 05-11.
Tradução de Sergio Aparecido Nabarro. Doutor em Geografia pela Universidade de São Paulo (USP) e Professor Visitante no Institut de Géographie da Université Paris 1 (Panthéon-Sorbonne), França.
The evolution of the Gulf Coopera-tion Council approaches to security issues after the Arab Spring
Authors: Melkumyan E. S. 
Published: January 2022

The painful consequences of political, economic and social shocks provoked by the Arab Spring forced the political elites of the Middle Eastern states to revisit traditional approaches to maintaining stability and security in the region. This inevitably aﬀ ected the activities of the Gulf Cooperation Council, which was from the outset established in order to enhance cooperation between the countries of the region primarily in the ﬁ eld of security. This paper attempts to identify the key milestones, factors and trends that have shaped the GCC decision-making process in the security sphere over the past 10 years since the beginning of the Arab Spring. The author shows that the Arab Awakening has encouraged the GCC member-states to deepen military-political integration, aimed at strengthening their defense capabilities, as well as their abilities to respond to external and internal challenges. The author notes that the GCC countries still view Iran as the main source of all these threats; moreover, con-sidering substantial strengthening of Iran’s inﬂ uence in the Middle East their position has even hardened. Tehran is accused of meddling in the internal aﬀ airs of the GCC member-states, supporting illegal Shiite groups operating on their territory, and instigating religious discord. In this context, it is quite natural that the Iran’s nuclear programme is of particular concern to the GCC. At the same time, the author emphasizes, that although the GCC member-states declare common approach towards Iran, their practical actions can vary signiﬁ cantly. In particular, it was Qatar which opposed an excessively hard-line approach towards Iran. This fact, as well as accusations against Doha of supporting terrorist and extremist groups, led to two crises that shook the GCC in the 2010s. However, the fact that these crises have been eventually settled shows that security issues still press regional actors towards strengthening the capacities of the GCC. Especially since military threats have been compounded by a new threat — of the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The author concludes that this new threat, which has already incited the GCC to promote cooperation in a health sector, will also strengthen the member-states’ focus on various nonmilitary challenges including epidemiological and environmental ones.
FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS ARISING FROM CHANGES IN RESPIRATORY MECHANICS IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Gomes Ferreira Veronica , Lajana Oliveira de Almeida Mônica 
Published: January 2022

(INTRODUCTION) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common preventable and treatable disease where an obstruction leads to various respiratory changes such as impaired airflow, leading to several changes occurring in the mechanics of the respiratory muscles, alters the conformation of the chest and diaphragm, mainly causing dyspnea and limitations as limitations. This research aims to correlate limitations according to changes in respiratory mechanics. (MATERIALS AND METHODS) the present is an integrative literature review, for the search for articles were used as databases PUBMED and SCIELO, studies were included without distinction of language and year, published and indexed in the databases free of charge and in full, studies that associated COPD with other respiratory diseases were excluded, studies where the reserves had undergone lung surgery, and studies that did not bring complete results. (RESULTS) 52 studies were found in total, 15 duplicates were excluded, in the first selection stage 19 studies were excluded, in the second stage 10 studies were excluded, thus the review sample of 9 studies, of the clinical trial type. (CONCLUDING REMARKS) Among the most prevalent limitations we saw low tolerance and resistance to physical exercises, limitations to perform activities of daily living, leading to dyspnea and dysfunction of the respiratory muscles, affecting the happy quality of life.
ĐÁNH GIÁ SHUNT GAN-PHỔI Ở BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ BIỂU MÔ TẾ BÀO GAN TRƯỚC XẠ TRỊ TRONG CHỌN LỌC BẰNG HẠT VI CẦU PHÓNG XẠ 90Y
Authors: Duy Anh Nguyễn , Văn Thái Phạm , Hải Bình Trần , Hà Châu Trịnh , Văn Khảng Lê 
Published: January 2022

Mục tiêu: Nhận xét một số yếu tố liên quan tới giá trị shunt gan-phổi khi ghi hình bằng 99mTc-MAA ở các bệnh nhân ung thư biểu mô tế bào gan (UTBMTBG) trước xạ trị trong chọn lọc bằng hạt vi cầu phóng xạ 90Y. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu tiến hành trên 44 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán UTBMTBG và điều trị tại trung tâm Y học hạt nhân & Ung bướu, bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ năm 2019 đến 2021. Các bệnh nhân được ghi hình bằng máy SPECT với 99mTc-macroaggregted albumin (MAA) trước khi điều trị phương pháp xạ trị trong chọn lọc (Selective Internal Radiotherapy – SIRT) bằng hạt vi cầu phóng xạ 90Y. Giá trị shunt gan-phổi được tính toán và đánh giá mức độ liên quan với một số yếu tố lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng. Ngoài ra, theo dõi các bệnh nhân theo thời gian để kiểm tra có hay không mối tương quan giữa giá trị shunt gan-phổi với đáp ứng điều trị bằng SIRT. Kết quả: Giá trị shunt gan-phổi trung bình 5,3±3,7%, nhỏ nhất 1,2%, lớn nhất 19% (sau đó không điều trị bằng SIRT). Khi ghi hình bằng máy SPECT có 03 bệnh nhân có sự tập trung 99mTc-MAA ngoài gan (vị trí túi mật và dạ dày). Khảo sát cho thấy rằng có thể có mối liên hệ có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa đặc điểm giới của bệnh nhân, mức độ xơ gan, kích thước khối u, mức độ tăng sinh mạch của khối u với giá trị shunt gan-phổi. Ban đầu thấy rằng giá trị shunt gan-phổi không phải là một yếu tố tiên lượng sự đáp ứng với điều trị SIRT của bệnh nhân UTBMTBG, nhưng có thể thấy rằng giá trị shunt liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê tới nguy cơ di căn phổi của khối u gan ác tính. Kết luận: Ghi hình với 99mTc-MAA tính shunt gan-phổi trước điều trị SIRT là cần thiết vì nó giúp giảm thiểu nguy cơ tai biến xảy ra do xạ trị, tăng cường tính an toàn và hiệu quả điều trị. Giá trị shunt gan-phổi hứa hẹn còn mang lại nhiều thông tin hữu ích không chỉ cho riêng SIRT mà kể cả các bệnh nhân điều trị phương án khác.
TÌNH HÌNH NHIỄM TRÙNG TIẾT NIỆU Ở PHỤ NỮ MANG THAI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN - NHI ĐÀ NẴNG
Authors: Huy Hoàng Nguyễn , Thị Đoan Trinh Nguyễn , Thị Minh Hòa Hoàng , Nguyễn Nguyên Hạ Lê , Thị Anh Chi Nguyễn , Thị Giang Nguyễn , Thị Lệ Nguyễn , Tài Phan , Vĩnh Niên Lâm 
Published: January 2022

Đặt vấn đề: Nhiễm trùng tiết niệu là một bệnh lý thường gặp ở mọi lứa tuổi nhưng đặc biệt cao ở nữ giới và nhóm tuổi đang hoạt động sinh dục, ở người có thai, phụ nữ mãn kinh. Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ nhiễm trùng tiết niệu ở phụ nữ mang thai đến khám tại bệnh viện Phụ Sản – Nhi Đà Nẵng và tìm hiểu một số yếu tố liên quan đến nhiễm trùng tiết niệu ở thai phụ. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 149 phụ nữ mang thai đến khám tại bệnh viện Phụ sản - Nhi Đà Nẵng từ 01- 06/2020. Các thai phụ được phỏng vấn, thăm khám và làm xét nghiệm nước tiểu nhằm xác định tỉ lệ nhiễm trùng tiết niệu, khảo sát tác nhân gây bệnh và các yếu tố liên quan. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ NTTN ở thai phụ là 13,4% trong đó đều là nhiễm trùng niệu không triệu chứng. Tác nhân gây NTTN là Staphylococcus 60,0%; tiếp theo là S. aureus 25,0%; E. coli 5,0%; K. pneumoniae 5,0% và Candida sp 5,0%. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy NTTN không có mối liên quan với tuổi, nghề nghiệp, trình độ học vấn, thai kỳ, số lần mang thai, số lần vệ sinh sinh dục trong ngày. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ NTTN không triệu chứng ở phụ nữ mang thai đến khám tại bệnh viện Phụ sản - Nhi Đà Nẵng là 13,4% và chưa tìm thấy các yếu tố liên quan đến nhiễm trùng niệu ở thai phụ.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ TRĨ NỘI CHẢY MÁU BẰNG THẮT VÒNG CAO SU QUA MÁY NỘI SOI ỐNG MỀM
Authors: Công Long Nguyễn , Hanh Thiện Nguyễn 
Published: January 2022

Mục tiêu: Mục đích của nghiên cứu là đánh giá hiệu quả lâm sàng và biến chứng của phương pháp điều trị không phẫu thuật với trĩ mức độ trung bình (I, II và III) bằng phương pháp nội soi thắt vòng cao su (ERBL). Đối tượng và phương pháp: Tổng số nghiên cứu trên 34 bệnh nhân tuổi trung bình 45,7 tuổi được sử dụng phương pháp ERBL bằng máy nội soi ống mềm và bộ thắt vòng cao su dùng cho thắt tĩnh mạch thực quản, tất cả bệnh nhân được theo dõi đánh giá kết quả lâm sàng và biến chứng. Kết quả: Kết quả nghiên cứu có 16 bệnh nhân trĩ nội độ I, 10 bệnh nhân trĩ nội độ II, 8 bệnh nhân trĩ nội độ III. Tất cả bệnh nhân đều có trĩ chảy máu, 4(19%) bệnh nhân có ngứa hậu môn và 10(47.6%) bệnh nhân có dấu hiệu sa búi trĩ đẩy lên được. Sau điều trị ERBL triệu chứng chảy máu được cải thiện ở 30(88.1%) bệnh nhân. Tất cả bệnh nhân cần phải thực hiện điều trị 1 lần, hoặc 2 lần, số vòng trung bình sử dụng 2,9 vòng, triệu chứng đau sau thắt vòng là thường gặp 21(61.8%) bệnh nhân, hầu hết giảm nhẹ sau đó. Kết luận: Phương pháp thắt vòng cao su có sử dụng máy nội soi mềm là phương pháp dễ thực hiện, an toàn và hiệu quả trong điều trị bệnh lý trĩ có triệu chứng.
Pentingnya Pola Asuh Anak Dalam Pebaikan Gizi Untuk Mencegah Stunting Sejak Dini di Desa Brumbungan Lor Kecamatan Gending Kabupaten Probolinggo
Authors: Hermawan Dedi Joko , Hermanto Hermanto 
Published: January 2022

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem caused by a lack of nutritional intake for a long time, resulting in growth problems in children, namely the child's height is lower or shorter (stunted) than the standard age. In addition to nutritional factors, stunting is caused by a lack of public knowledge, especially mothers who have babies and toddlers about stunting. The implementation method in the community service program is through providing counseling on stunting to mothers who have babies and toddlers in Brumbungan Lor Village, Gending District, Probolinggo Regency. The population in this study were mothers in Brumbungan Lor village who had babies and toddlers. The purpose of this counseling is to provide information about "The importance of parenting for children to improve nutrition in preventing stunting".
Keywords: Stunting, Child Nutrition, Parenting Pattern
Sosialiasi Pembuatan Minuman Jahe Instan di Desa Sukodadi Kecamatan Paiton Kabupaten Probolinggo
Authors: Swari Utami Ratna 
Published: January 2022

KKN Tematik Covid-19 dengan tema Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 adalah bentuk pengabdian mahasiswa dengan harapan mampu memberdayakan masyarakat dengan keilmuan yang dimiliki, khususnya di masa pandemi. Salah satu program dari KKN Tematik Covid-1- adalah memberikan sosialisasi pembuatan minuman jahe instan bagi ibu-ibu rumah tangga. Minuman jahe instan merupakan olahan jahe yang dikristalkan dengan cara direbus dengan air, gula, garam, kayu manis, serai dan cengkeh. Menyadari tingginya potensi kesehatan dan kandungan gizi yang terkandung dalam rimpang jahe, tim KKN Universitas Panca Marga Probolinggo Kecamatan Paiton tergerak untuk melakukan sosialisasi pembuatan minuman jahe instan dengan tujuan agar masyarakat lebih mengetahui pemanfaatan jahe menjadi minuman jahe instan. Sosialisasi dilakukan selama empat (4) hari, hari pertama berupa pengenalan alat dan bahan, hari kedua dan ketiga, pembuatan minuman jahe instan dan pengemasan dalam bengtuk pouch, hari keempat berupa pembagian minuman jahe instan kepada masyarakat sekitar. Setelah sosialiasi ini, tim KKN Universitas Panca Marga Probolinggo Kecamatan Paiton berharap agar imunitas masyarakat lebih meningkat dan mampu menjadikan minuman jahe instan sebagai peluang usaha bagi ibu rumah tangga, sehingga secara tidak langsung mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat Desa Sukodadi Kecamatan Paiton di masa Pandemi Covid 19.