bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negative effects of agricultural intensification on the food provisioning rate of a declining aerial insectivore
Authors: Garrett Daniel R. , Pelletier Fanie , Garant Dany , Bélisle Marc 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe historical rise of intensive agricultural practices is hypothesized to be related to declines of grassland and aerial insectivorous birds. Drivers of declines may also influence the overall abundance and spatial distribution of insects within agricultural landscapes. Subsequently, the food provisioning rate of birds breeding within more agro‐intensive landscapes may be impacted. Lower provisioning rates in agro‐intensive landscapes may lead not only to reduced growth rate, body condition, or fledging success of nestlings but also to diminished body condition of food provisioning adults. Results from a previous study supported this hypothesis as the fledging success and proxies of nestling body condition were lowest for an aerial insectivore breeding in more agro‐intensive landscapes. Of the multiple hypotheses put forward to explain these correlations, one mechanism may act through variation in food provisioning rates. In this study, we expounded on this hypothesis using data derived from the aforementioned study system and assessed if provisioning rates to nestlings and food provisioning behavior of adults varied across a gradient of agricultural intensification in a declining aerial insectivore, the Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor). We found that the hourly provisioning rate was lower in agro‐intensive landscapes, and yet travel distances were longest within less agro‐intensive landscapes. Our results highlight that, in order to maximize long‐term average gain rates, Tree Swallows breeding within agro‐intensive landscapes must forage with greater intensity, perhaps at a cost to themselves, or else costs will transfer to growing broods. Our work provides further evidence that agricultural intensification on the breeding grounds can contribute to the declines of aerial insectivores in part through a trophic pathway.
The circulation of Anaplasma phagocytophilum ecotypes is associated with community composition of vertebrate hosts
Authors: Fabri Nannet Doreen , Sprong Hein , Heesterbeek Hans , Ecke Frauke , Cromsigt Joris Petrus Gerardus Marinus , Hofmeester Tim Ragnvald 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick‐borne pathogen that has been detected in many tick and vertebrate species. It is among the most widespread tick‐borne pathogens in animals in Europe. The bacterium can be genetically divided into four ecotypes, which are linked to distinct but overlapping host species. However, knowledge about the transmission dynamics of the enzootic cycles of the different ecotypes is limited. Here, we quantified the link between the ecotypes of A. phagocytophilum, the different life stages of the tick Ixodes ricinus, and vertebrate host groups through a meta‐analysis. We extracted data on the mean I. ricinus burden and the A. phagocytophilum infection prevalence in both hosts and feeding I. ricinus from 197 papers on 77 wildlife species. With this information, we modeled the relative importance of different host taxonomic groups for the circulation of the different ecotypes of A. phagocytophilum in a theoretical assemblage of hosts with varying presence of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and densities of small mammals. We showed that the composition of the vertebrate community affects the relative abundance of different ecotypes of A. phagocytophilum in the different life stages of I. ricinus. The presence of red deer is likely to increase the infection prevalence of Ecotype 1 in ticks, while small mammal densities drive the prevalence in ticks of mainly Ecotype 3, and to a lesser extent Ecotype 1. In Europe, vertebrate communities are changing, with an increase in red deer abundance and changes in the population dynamics of small mammals. Our results suggest that these changes could imply an increase in the circulation of A. phagocytophilum and thus an increase in the risk for public and veterinary health.
Potassium management with finerenone: Practical aspects
Authors: Wanner Christoph , Fioretto Paola , Kovesdy Csaba P. , Malyszko Jolanta , Pecoits‐Filho Roberto , Schnell Oliver , Rossignol Patrick 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionFinerenone, a selective nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, has favourable effects on cardiorenal outcomes in patients with mild‐to‐severe chronic kidney disease with increased albuminuria and type 2 diabetes.MethodsTwo large, randomized trials have evaluated the effects of finerenone on clinical outcomes. The first trial (FIDELIO‐DKD) investigated renal outcomes, and the second (FIGARO‐DKD) cardiovascular outcomes.ResultsPatients in the two studies had a high intrinsic risk of hyperkalemia due to type 2 diabetes, treatment with optimized doses of an inhibitor of the renin‐angiotensin system, and, in some patients, their advanced chronic kidney disease. This was reflected in the incidence of hyperkalemia in the placebo group during the trials. Patients on finerenone had a significantly higher incidence of hyperkalemia compared with patients on placebo, but treatment discontinuation due to hyperkalemia was low, and no patients experienced death attributable to hyperkalemia. Structured routine potassium monitoring with temporary treatment interruption and dose reduction, as used in the two trials, should ensure the safe use of finerenone to protect the kidneys and cardiovascular system of patients with albuminuric chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes.ConclusionsThe aim of this document is to highlight the routine potassium management required when using finerenone and to provide practical recommendations.
Type I interferon receptor signalling deficiency results in dysregulated innate immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 in mice
Authors: Ogger Patricia P. , Garcia Martín Minerva , Michalaki Christina , Zhou Jie , Brown Jonathan C. , Du Yue , Miah Kamran M. , Habib Omar , Hyde Stephen C. , Gill Deborah R. , Barclay Wendy S. , Johansson Cecilia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 is a newly emerged coronavirus, causing the global pandemic of respiratory coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). The type I interferon (IFN) pathway is of particular importance for anti‐viral defense and recent studies identified that type I IFNs drive early inflammatory responses to SARS‐CoV‐2. Here, we use a mouse model of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, facilitating viral entry by intranasal recombinant Adeno‐Associated Virus (rAAV) transduction of hACE2 in wildtype (WT) and type I IFN receptor‐1 deficient (Ifnar1–/–) mice, to study the role of type I IFN signalling and innate immune responses during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Our data show that type I IFN signalling is essential for inducing anti‐viral effector responses to SARS‐CoV‐2, control of virus replication, and to prevent enhanced disease. Furthermore, hACE2‐Ifnar1–/– mice had increased gene expression of the chemokine Cxcl1 and airway infiltration of neutrophils as well as reduced and delayed production of monocyte‐recruiting chemokine CCL2. hACE2‐Ifnar1–/– mice showed altered recruitment of inflammatory myeloid cells to the lung upon SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, with a shift from Ly6C+ to Ly6C– expressing cells. Together, our findings suggest that type I IFN signalling deficiency results in a dysregulated innate immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks with Organic Photosensitizers in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Cheng Shengxian , Tang Jiayue , Quan Yangjian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), bridging metal‐containing second building units by organic ligands, have provided a versatile platform for the design of heterogeneous catalysis. In the last decade, various photo‐responsible MOFs have been designed and prepared, exhibiting outperformed catalytic performance. Among them, MOFs featuring organic photosensitizers for photoinduced organic transformations remain less investigated, due probably to the large steric demands and low symmetry of typical organic dyes. In view of the promising potential of integrating versatile MOFs with organic photosensitizers, this Concept summarizes recent advances in this research area.
Spatiotemporal modeling of mature‐at‐length data using a sliding window approach
Authors: Yan Yuan , Cantoni Eva , Field Chris , Treble Margaret , Mills Flemming Joanna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAssessing maturity status of fish and invertebrate species is important for understanding population dynamics with results (e.g., estimates of reproductive potential) often used to inform fisheries management strategies (e.g., the setting of minimum legal size requirements for fishing). Maturity rates may vary substantially across a population's range, as well as between years. In addition, maturity data are typically obtained from fisheries‐independent surveys that may be incomplete (or missing) from year to year. Here we propose a spatial generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) framework for maturity data that includes spatially correlated random effects to address variations in space, and a sliding window approach to deal with unbalanced maturity data in both space and time. We demonstrate, with both real data and a simulation study, that this combined approach results in unbiased estimates of important growth parameters. Results of using our spatial GLMM framework with Greenland halibut (Rheinhardtius hippoglossoides) mature‐at‐length data from surveys of the eastern Canadian Arctic show that females mature at a much larger size than do males. The length at which 50% of the stock is mature () is found to be higher in Baffin Bay compared to Davis Strait, and a declining trend in the in recent years is revealed for both sexes. Our proposed methodology extends far beyond our current application in being useful for analyzing unbalanced spatiotemporal data from an array of diverse scientific fields.
Shooting for abundance: Comparing integrated multi‐sampling models for camera trap and hair trap data
Authors: Jahid Mehnaz , Steeves Holly N. , Fisher Jason T. , Bonner Simon J. , Muthukumarana Saman , Cowen Laura L. E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAbundance estimation is a vital goal in wildlife monitoring. Camera‐traps are a tool to survey wildlife populations noninvasively and can be used for abundance estimation if individuals are identifiable. However, for species without individual identification characteristics, camera‐trap surveys have often been combined with some other survey method such as capture‐recapture (CR, using traditional tags or DNA through hair snags or scat) to inform an integrated model. We discuss and apply two integrated models involving presence‐absence data from camera traps and CR data from hair traps to compare bias and precision to estimate the population density of grizzly bears of the central Rocky Mountains of Alberta, Canada. Unlike many other studies, we found that integrating presence‐absence data with CR data does not improve the precision of the density estimates. The possible reasons for such results are discussed in detail.
Reasonable stopping method and retracement channel support at fully mechanized top coal caving working face of 15 m extra‐thick coal seam: A case study
Authors: Xie Shengrong , Wu Yiyi , Ma Xiang , Chen Dongdong , Guo Fangfang , Jiang Zaisheng , Li Hui , Zou Hang , Liu Ruipeng , Zhang Xiao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtra‐thick coal seams are widely distributed in the Datong mine area in China. The rapid stopping of mining and the support withdrawal technology for extra‐thick coal seams need to be developed urgently. The reasonable stopping top coal caving distance, main roof's fracture line position, and large section roadway during the stopping period (LSRSP) support method of the header face of 15 m extra‐thick coal seam are systematically studied by using field measurement, experiment, numerical simulation, and similar material simulation methods. With the increase in stopping coal caving distance, the range of the medium and low displacement zone of the LSRSP overburden gradually expands. In contrast, the depth of the plastic zone decreases. The scope and intensity of the high‐stress area of the overlying rock in front gradually decrease and shift from deep to the outside, while the peak stress area shifts from the top coal area to the coal rib of the retracement channel. Comparing the stopping of medium‐thick and thick coal seam working face, the interaction between “main roof−unmined top coal−supports” is analyzed. The unique characteristics of the extra‐thick coal seam working face are derived: when the stopping coal caving distance is shorter than the length of the key block, the dropped coal body cannot effectively restrict the movement of key blocks. Mutual compression and subsidence occur between key blocks, making the broken coal rock block squeeze into the supports. By the simulation study of each index, the stopping coal caving distance of the extra‐thick coal seam is optimal when it is slightly larger than the length of the key block (i.e., the periodic weighting step), simultaneously, the main roof fracture line behind the supports is most favorable for stopping mining. After ensuring the stability of the LSRSP's overburden structure, the differentiated support scheme of “controlled zoning−strength grading” was proposed, and the scheme was modified and verified by simulating the support prestress field. After field practice, the roof of the retracement channel is better controlled in deformation under the joint horizontal and vertical support, the robust control effect of the combined anchor cable is noticeable, the integrity of the polyurethane network is more substantial, and the working face supports have successfully achieved a safe and rapid evacuation.
Source areas of the Eastern Ebro Valley loess (NE Iberian Peninsula): Heavy mineral composition as a provenance indicator
Authors: Plata José M. , Balasch Josep Carles , Rodríguez Rafael , Boixadera Jaume , Castelltort Xavier , Olarieta José Ramón , Antúnez Montserrat , Poch Rosa M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLoess deposits of the Eastern Ebro Valley (NE Iberian Peninsula) occupy an area of ~2000 km2 mostly on the east of the Ebro depression and locally in the Móra Basin. We studied 38 samples of loess and 47 samples of their possible source areas, in order to determine the location of the origin of the loess materials, based on their particle size distribution and composition of heavy minerals. Our results clearly differentiate two depositional loess basins disconnected by the reliefs of the Pre‐Coastal Range with different mineralogical signatures: the Ebro Basin and the Móra Basin. The most relevant variables to discern source areas were the percentage of heavy minerals, the concentrations of zircon, staurolite, rutile and inosilicates, and the presence of gypsum. In the Ebro Basin, the largest set of loess deposits is located around a depocenter in the Batea region and along several lateral areas, with materials that come from the central alluvial plain of the Middle Ebro River (25 to >100 km travel distance), in addition to deflated materials from Miocene interfluvial substrates. On the other hand, loess deposits of the Móra Basin come from more proximal source areas (<15 km), originating from the alluvial materials of the Lower Ebro River that contain the contributions of its tributaries, the Cinca and Segre rivers. Taking into account the homogeneity in the mineralogical composition of complex loess sequences, we deduced a general WNW–ESE wind direction, which would have remained constant over the last two cold periods (MIS‐2 and MIS‐6). Along this axis, the Pàndols–Cavalls Range, with a height difference of 200–350 m, acted as a wind barrier separating the loess of Ebro Basin from the loess of Móra Basin.
Spatial time index non‐orthogonal multiple access for beyond 5G wireless networks
Authors: Jayaram Madhumitha , Marchala Anjaneyulu Bhagyaveni 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMultiple input multiple output (MIMO) based non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been an evolving technique for 5G and beyond 5G wireless networks in the last decade. The goal of the proposed technique is to achieve improved spectral efficiency, with reduced complexity in the transceiver design. A novel time‐based spatial modulation‐MIMO based NOMA (SM‐MIMO‐NOMA) known as space time index‐based NOMA (STIN) has been proposed, which brings down the number of RF chains used at the transmitter end and improves the spectral efficiency in terms of bits per channel use. In the STIN algorithm, Joint GPS enabled channel estimation and threshold rate‐based power allocation are performed for user clustering and enhancing capacity. The transmit information bits are conveyed by the active antenna index as well as amplitude phase modulation by incorporating the block user‐symbol ratio at the base station. On the receiver side, user‐timeslot‐based successive interference cancellation with a maximum likelihood detector is implemented in the user equipment. STIN improves the bits per channel use with increasing modulation order and number of users by 33%. This novel algorithm has shown better performance in comparison with the existing NOMA‐based spatial modulation techniques in terms of average bit error rate, spectral efficiency, and complexity.
Nitrite‐reducing performance of two Lactobacillus strains isolated from traditional Sichuan fermented sausage in different production processes
Authors: Ji Lili , Zhou Chunyan , Ning Jia‐wen , Wang Shu , Nie Qing , Wang Wei , Zhang Jiamin , Zhao Zhiping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTwo lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were screened in traditional Sichuan sausage, and their nitrite‐reducing performance in different production processes was determined in this study. LAB were isolated from traditional Sichuan sausages and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. The effects of the isolated bacteria on the bacterial community, physicochemical properties, and nitrite‐decreasing capacity during sausage fermentation were investigated by comparing nonactivated treatment and activated treatment at 30°C. The results showed that the screened two LAB strains were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus and Leuconostoc mesenteroides, which adapted well to the new habitat of fermented sausage, reaching a maximum of 7.00 and 7.32 lg CFU g−1 in the nonactivated treatment, 7.65 and 7.52 lg CFU g−1 in the activated treatment, and the two strains had strong acidizing potential, which could inhibit the growth of saprophytic bacteria. Otherwise, the activated treatment was better than the traditional process for nitrite degradation and fermentation time, except for color. Both strains contribute to nitrite consumption while reducing fermentation time and sausage production cycles. In conclusion, these two strains are expected to be the starting point for the improvement of biological safety and nitrite residue control in traditional Sichuan sausage production.
Concentration and proteolysis of CX3CL1 may regulate the microglial response to CX3CL1
Authors: Finneran Dylan , Li Qingyou , Subbarayan Meena S. , Joly‐Amado Aurelie , Kamath Siddharth , Dengler Daniela G. , Gordon Marcia N. , Jackson Michael R. , Morgan Dave , Bickford Paula C. , Smith Layton H. , Nash Kevin R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFractalkine (FKN) is a membrane‐bound chemokine that can be cleaved by proteases such as ADAM 10, ADAM 17, and cathepsin S to generate soluble fragments. Studies using different forms of the soluble FKN yield conflicting results in vivo. These observations prompted us to investigate the function and pharmacology of two commonly used isoforms of FKN, a human full‐length soluble FKN (sFKN), and a human chemokine domain only FKN (cdFKN). Both are prevalent in the literature and are often assumed to be functionally equivalent. We observed that recombinant sFKN and cdFKN exhibit similar potencies in a cell‐based cAMP assay, but binding affinity for CX3CR1 was modestly different. There was a 10‐fold difference in potency between sFKN and cdFKN when assessing their ability to stimulate β‐arrestin recruitment. Interestingly, high concentrations of FKN, regardless of cleavage variant, were ineffective at reducing pro‐inflammatory microglial activation and may induce a pro‐inflammatory response. This effect was observed in mouse and rat primary microglial cells as well as microglial cell lines. The inflammatory response was exacerbated in aged microglia, which is known to exhibit age‐related inflammatory phenotypes. We observed the same effects in Cx3cr1−/− primary microglia and therefore speculate that an alternative FKN receptor may exist. Collectively, these data provide greater insights into the function and pharmacology of these common FKN reagents, which may clarify conflicting reports and urge greater caution in the selection of FKN peptides for use in in vitro and in vivo studies and the interpretation of results obtained using these differing peptides.
Age‐associated sex and asymmetry differentiation in hemispheric and lobar cortical ribbon complexity across adulthood: A UK Biobank imaging study
Authors: Nazlee Nafeesa , Waiter Gordon D. , Sandu Anca‐Larisa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCortical morphology changes with ageing and age‐related neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies suggest that the age effect is more pronounced in the frontal lobe. However, our knowledge of structural complexity changes in male and female brains is still limited. We measured cortical ribbon complexity through fractal dimension (FD) analysis at the hemisphere and lobe level in 7010 individuals from the UK Biobank imaging cohort to study age‐related sex differences (3332 males, age ranged 45–79 years). FD decreases significantly with age and sexual dimorphism exists. With correction for brain size, females showed higher complexity in the left hemisphere and left and right parietal lobes whereas males showed higher complexity in the right temporal and left and right occipital lobes. A nonlinear age effect was observed in the left and right frontal, and right temporal lobes. Differential patterns of age effects were observed in both sexes with relatively more age‐affected regions in males. Significantly higher rightward asymmetries at hemisphere, frontal, parietal, and occipital lobe level and higher leftward asymmetry in temporal lobe were observed. There was no age‐by‐sex‐by asymmetry interaction in any region. When controlling for brain size, the leftward hemispheric, and temporal lobe asymmetry decreased with age. Males had significantly lower asymmetry between hemispheres and higher asymmetry in the parietal and occipital lobes than females. This work provides distinct patterns of age‐related sex and asymmetry differences that can aid in the future development of sex‐specific models of the normal brain to ascribe cognitive functional significance of these patterns in ageing.