bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early diagnosis and surgical treatment of craniosynostoses
Authors: Ivanov V. P. , Sakhno L. P. , Shchetinina A. M. , Kim A. V. , Trushcheleva S. V. 
Published: November 2022

Craniosynostosis is a craniofacial anomaly, characterized by premature fusion of one or more of the cranial sutures. Each suture and their combination correspond to a special type of deformation.Purpose. The study aimed at indicating the difficulties of early diagnostics of various forms of the craniosynostosis and evaluating the quality of treatment of patients with this disease depending on their age.Material and methods. A survey of parents with craniosynostosis who were treated at the Almazov National Medical Research Centre in 2018–2019 was conducted. The parents of 107 patients were surveyed. The main objectives of our research were: to evaluate the timeliness of diagnosis of craniosynostosis at primary health care at patient’s place of residence; to compare the methods of diagnosis verification and to present the results of the parents’ subjective assessment of the results of surgical treatment at the early and long-term postoperative period.Results. The median age of children when they were diagnosed with craniosystosis was 5 months, the median age of patients when they underwent a surgical treatment was 16 months. The median duration of the catamnesis was 6 months. We revealed that the preliminary diagnosis was established by a neurologist and pediatrician only in 21% of cases. Only at 28% of cases, children were directed to neurosurgeon, who confirm the diagnosis. In 38 (35.3%) cases, patient’s parents independently sought medical advice. The diagnosis was verified by the results of the computer tomography in 55% of patients. on because primary care specialists due to the lack of primary care specialists’ awareness about the diagnosis of craniosynostoses and attempts at long-term monitoring and conservative treatment. The timeliness of detection of craniosynostosis in the newborn period and in the|first month of life can significantly improve the cosmetic and functional outcomes of the disease.
Chronic pyelonephritis in children with different dysplastic phenotypes
Authors: Ivanova I. I. , Koval N. Yu. 
Published: November 2022

Connective tissue dysplasia affects the course of pyelonephritis.Purpose. The study aimed at identifying the features of chronic pyelonephritis in children with different dysplastic phenotypes.Material and methods. The study included 108 children aged 6–17 years with chronic pyelonephritis and connective tissue dysplasia. They were divided into 3 groups with Marfan-like, Ehlers-like, and unclassifiable phenotypes.Results. It was shown that the groups differed in the frequency of occurrence and types of structural disorders of urinary system, which affected the need for surgical treatment.Conclusion. Considering the dysplastic phenotype allows for a personalized approach to the patient.
Questionnaire for quantitative assessment of treatment adherence: modification for adolescents aged 15–17 years, validation, and reliability assessment
Authors: Nikolaev N. A. , Skirdenko Yu. P. , Pavlinova E. B. , Andreev K. A. , Gorbenko A. V. , Zakharova T. D. , Livzan M. A. , Usov G. M. , Fedorin M. M. , Chebanenko E. V. 
Published: November 2022

In Russia, the QAA-25 questionnaire is used to quantify the adherence to treatment of adult patients. The accumulated experience of its use made it possible to identify several cohorts of respondents, including adolescents, whose characteristics required special adaptation of the formulations of a number of questions.Purpose. The study aimed at modifying the questionnaire for quantitative assessment of treatment adherence QAA-25 for adolescents aged 15–17 years and evaluate it according to the criteria of validity and the measure of consent.Material and methods. In a descriptive one-stage study with the participation of 108 high school students at secondary schools in Omsk, the level of adherence to treatment was determined according to the QAA-25 scale, using traditional and alternative formulations of individual questions, with the formation of a modified scale and an assessment of its constructive and factor validity and a measure of consent.Results. Applying various options for testing alternative questions, the possibility and expediency of using them to assess the adherence to treatment of adolescents, including separately evaluated subsamples of male and female individuals, was shown. 94% of respondents rated alternative questions as “more acceptable,» 5% of respondents «did not notice significant differences,» and 1% of respondents rated them as «less acceptable.» The QAA-25 scale modified for adolescents demonstrated good structural and internal validity (α = 0.818, αst = 0.857), with high reliability (consistent exclusion of scale items preserves the validity of the questionnaire in the range of 0.793–0.858) and almost perfect agreement (κ = 1.000).Conclusion. The modified QAA-25 questionnaire is recommended to be used to assess the adherence to treatment and potential adherence to treatment of adolescents who have reached the age of 15 but have not reached the age of 18, both for research purposes and when making decisions related to the provision of medical care and the organization of preventive measures.
Hydrological variability and flood risk in a forest watershed undergoing accelerated urbanization: the case of Mefou (South Cameroon)
Authors: Ebodé Valentin Brice 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article has as objectives to investigate the impact of precipitation variability and land use change on the hydrological dynamics of the Mefou river over the recent period (1963–2018), and draw up a basin flooding risk areas map. To achieve these goals, hydrometeorological data of this basin were analyzed using the Pettitt and Mann Kendall tests. Likewise, flooding risk areas were produced from Frequency Ratio (FR) model. Average and extreme flows of Mefou river have increased since 1985–86, unlike the rainfall, which generally decreased for all seasons from the 1970s, apart from summer, where the reverse was observed. Changes in land use (increase impervious areas (+530%) and a decrease in forest (−52.9%) and water bodies (−80.4%)) seem to be the main cause of the increase in flows observed. Floods are often recurrent in basins with such hydrological behaviour. To enable policymakers to reduce the vulnerability of populations to this disaster, the proposed flood map shows that 2.67, 7.22, 22.5, 35.25 and 32.36% of the catchment area are respectively delineated into very low, low, medium, high and very high flood vulnerability classes. These results could be useful for the management of water resources and associated hydrological risks in the basin investigated.
Management of Acute Stroke Among Lebanese Patients: Assessing Adherence
to International Guidelines
Authors: Malaeb Diana , Cherri Sarah , Fahs Iqbal , Sacre Hala , Abdallah Emane , Salameh Pascale , Hosseini Hassan 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Ischemic stroke accounts for around 87% of all strokes worldwide and is
the second leading cause of mortality and a significant factor of disability in adults. The objective
of this study was to assess the adherence to international treatment guidelines for ischemic stroke
in Lebanese hospitals and evaluate factors associated with in-hospital mortality.

Methods:
This retrospective observational study was conducted in three Lebanese hospitals between
January 2018 and December 2019. All adult patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke and
who were subsequently admitted and treated in the internal medicine department, intensive care
unit, or coronary care units were included in the study.

Results:
Out of 292 patients with stroke, 56.8% were females with hypertension being the most
common previous disease (38.4%). Concerning acute management, 94.5% had an early brain imaging
performed upon hospital presentation, 14.4% were eligible for emergency reperfusion, 2.1%
were prescribed fibrinolytic therapy, 50% were adherent with acute hypertension treatment, and
6.2% were adherent with the antiplatelet regimen recommendation. The results highlight that right
sided hemiparesis, decreased level of consciousness, and hyperthermia (T > 38°C) were significantly
associated with in-hospital death. Guideline adherence for all the acute treatment measures
and management strategies was 90.2%.

Conclusion:
The study highlights that guideline recommendations were not uniformly applied
among all patients, and those recommendation standards set by the guidelines were not applied
among all hospitals.
Involving Older People With Frailty or Impairment in the Design Process of Digital Health Technologies to Enable Aging in Place: Scoping Review
Authors: Wegener Emilie Kauffeldt , Bergschöld Jenny M , Whitmore Carly , Winters Marjolein , Kayser Lars 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundWith an increase in life expectancy globally, the focus on digital health technologies that can enhance physical and mental health among older people with frailty and impairment has increased. Similarly, research interest in how digital health technology can promote well-being and self-management of health in older age has increased, including an increased focus on methods for designing digital health technologies that meet the various medical, psychological, and social needs of older population. Despite the increased focus, there remains a necessity to further understand the needs of this population group to ensure uptake and to avoid introduction of additional challenges when introducing technologies, for example, because of poor technological design. The scope is limited to digital health technologies meant to enable older people with frailty and impairment to age in place.ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to explore how older people with frailty and impairment are involved in various parts of the design processes of digital health technologies and identify gaps or neglected steps in a user-involving design process. This included a focus on recruitment strategies, contributions, and methods used to address the perspectives, needs, and desires of older people with frailty and impairment in the development of digital health technologies.MethodsA scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) reporting from February 2021 to April 2021. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and IEEE using a search string covering the concepts of health technology, older people, frailty and impairment, user-centered design, and self-management.ResultsIn total, 1891 studies were imported for screening from the initial search. A total of 22 studies were included in this review after full-text screening and manual search. Invitation through partners was the most reported recruitment strategy to involve older people with frailty and impairment in the design process of digital health technologies. Furthermore, they were commonly involved in the final evaluation of the development process. Three main gaps identified were the use of outreach approaches to recruit older people with frailty and impairment in the design process of digital health technologies, description of the value of involvement and outcome of the contribution of participants, and knowledge regarding involvement in all parts of the design process.ConclusionsAlthough there is literature on methods for involving older people with frailty and impairment in the design of digital health technology, there is little methodological dialogue on the nuances of how different methods for involvement relate to and shape the outcome of the development process.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF NOVEL RP-HPLC-DAD METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF LAPATINIB DITOSYLATE IN NEWER NANO-LIPOSOME FORMULATION: A QUALITY BY DESIGN (QBD) APPROACH
Authors: SONAR PRIYANKA , SHAIKH KARIMUNNISA , HARER SUNIL 
Published: November 2022

Objective: The current study entails quality by design (QbD) enabled the development of a simple, rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective RP-HPLC method for estimation of Lapatinib ditosylate (LPT) in a newly prepared nano-liposomal formulation which has not been reported earlier.
Methods: The chromatographic factors were screened using a fractional factorial design. A central composite design was employed as a response surface methodology. Mobile phase ratio, flow rate, and wavelength were identified as critical method parameters. To minimize retention time, peak area and theoretical plates were employed as critical analytical attributes. A novel nano-liposomal formulation of LPT was prepared by the film hydration method.
Results: The optimized chromatographic condition was obtained at a mobile phase composition of methanol and 0.05% v/v o-phosphoric acid in water (81:19 v/v), flow rate 0.7 ml/min, and peak detected at wavelength 261 nm using DAD detector. The retention time for Lapatinib was 3.702 min. The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines ICH Q2 (R1). Linearity (R2= 0.999) was observed in the range of 10-50μg/ml. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation was found to be 0.6309μg/ml and 1.9120μg/ml, respectively. LPT containing liposome formulation assay was found to be 99.03% and %RSD was less than 1%.
Conclusion: The newly developed RP-HPLC method applying the QbD approach was found to be simple, specific, precise, accurate, linear, and rugged, with good recovery of LPT in the nano-liposome formulation in a cost-effective manner. Hence it can be employed for the quantification of LPT in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN APPROACH TO FABRICATE AND OPTIMIZE FLOATING TABLETS OF LEVOFLOXACIN FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION
Authors: K. JAGANATHAN , N. VENKATESWARAMURTHY , R. NEELAMEGARAJAN , C. KANNAN , R. SAMBATHKUMAR 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To improve the treatment of H. pylori infection, by achieving the required bactericidal concentrations of antibiotics in the stomach, by delivering the antibiotics to the mucus layer and release the drug at the site of infection for a prolonged period would be significantly more effective than conventional dosage forms.
Methods: The experimental method of the research was designed to prepare Levofloxacin floating by using Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC K4M), Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC K100M) and Xanthan gum by Three-level Box–Behnken design optimization method. The prepared tablets were evaluated for Thickness, Hardness, Friability, Weight variation, Swelling index (SI), Floating lag time (FLT) and Time required to release 90% of the drug from the tablet (T90%).
Results: It was found that the Thickness-3.12±0.11 mm to 3.28±0.10 mm, Hardness-4.52±0.36 kg/cm2 to 4.81±0.24 kg/cm2, Friability-0.81±0.02g to 0.86±0.12g, Weight variation-480±1.90 mg to 523±0.89 mg, Swelling index (SI)-61.9±0.624% to 99.95±0.226%, Floating lag time (FLT)-81.12±0.63 s to 119.7±0.567 s and Time required to release 90% of the drug from the tablet (T90%)-7.0±0.55 h to 10.33±0.289 h. HPMC K100M and Xanthan gum showed good swelling as compared to HPMC K4M. The study revealed that HPMC K100M grade had a significant effect on drug release.
Conclusion: The developed gastro-floating tablets can extend levofloxacin duration in the stomach and produce a prolonged release effect. The prepared levofloxacin floating tablet oral drug delivery system appears to be a promising choice for the efficient eradication of H. pylori
SARS-COV-2 3CL-PROTEASE INHIBITORS AS ANTIVIRAL AGENT AGAINST COVID-19
Authors: SAADH MOHAMED J. 
Published: November 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes coronavirus, and the pandemic has led to efforts to develop appropriate drugs for treatment. Understanding the structure and function of SARS-CoV-2 3CL is crucial in unlocking ways of developing effective drugs. Some studies have described the structure of the protease at the DNA and protein levels. Notably, two important proteases help in the drug development process: PLpro and 3CLpro. The 3CLpro, for instance, is helpful in viral replication alongside transcription. The PL is associated with NsP3, a multi-domain protein part of the viral replication and transcription complex which cleaves peptide bonds at specific sites. In vitro studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 3CL-protease inhibitors can contribute to antiviral drug development, especially MG-132, boceprevir, telaprevir, and calpain, which are protein inhibitors with lethal dose values appropriate for drug development. In contrast, there are very limited studies in vivo reporting the appropriateness of protease inhibitors in antiviral drug development.
A Review on Role of Herbal Antioxidants in Periodontitis
Authors: Maurya Sheo Datta , Jain Divya , Porwal Omji , Dhakar Ram Chand , Jayakumararaj R. 
Published: November 2022

Periodontal disease or Periodontitis is one of the common public health problems in the world and is most common reason of tooth loss in peoples. Periodontitis is highly prevalent and can affect up to 90% of the world population. Periodontitis is a gum infection that damages the soft tissues and bones present around tooth for support. Herbs and their extracts have long been used as a therapy for various diseases in the world due to their safety & low cost. Currently herbal medicines are preferred due to their low cost, high safety margin and wider range of medicinal activities. Presence of excess free radicals results in oxidative damage of periodontal tissue. Herbal antioxidant reduces the deleterious action of free radicals and improves the oral health and decrease of inflammatory levels of periodontium. Thus, in this review we described the role of some herbal antioxidants as adjuvants for the management and treatment of Periodontitis.
Keywords: Periodontitis, herbal antioxidants, free radicals, periodontium
Application of Moringa oleifera in Dentistry
Authors: Meena Raghunandan , Prajapati Sunil Kumar , Nagar Rajendra , Porwal Omji , Nagar Teena , Tilak Vijay Kumar , Jayakumararaj R. , Arya Rajeshwar Kamal Kant , Dhakar Ram Chand 
Published: November 2022

All part of the Moringa tree is useful in some way and people depends on it for their livelihood. Oral diseases persist to be a major health problem all over the world. Various microorganisms are found to be the possible pathogens responsible for the oral diseases. The leaves of the Moringa tree are an excellent source of Nutrients like Minerals, Protein and Vitamins (A and C). Moringa tree has approximately 46 antioxidants and it is one of the cheapest sources of natural anti-oxidants. Anti-oxidants supply the free atoms needed by the human body and mitigate the effect of free radicals. M. oleifera contains active compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, phenolics, and triterpenoids which possess antibacterial effects. Moringa oleifera has high mineral and protein content and has been previously investigated for its potential in treating different oral soft tissue diseases. Present review summarises the various application of Moringa oleifera in the field of dentistry.
Keywords: Moringa oleifera, Anti-oxidants, Oral diseases, dentistry
Novel Drug Delivery Systems: An Overview
Authors: Jain Sameeksha , Kirar Meena , Bindeliya Mahima , Sen Lucky , Soni Madhur , Shan Md , Purohit Arpana , Jain Prateek Kumar 
Published: November 2022

The performance of an existing medicinal molecule in terms of patient compliance, safety, and efficacy can be greatly enhanced by evolving it from a traditional form to a unique delivery mechanism. An old medication molecule can be given new life as a Novel Drug Delivery System. The limitations of the conventional drug delivery methods are addressed by the innovative drug delivery system, which is a novel method of drug administration. A significant improvement in the ability to release a drug at a specified spot and rate is possible with a novel drug delivery system that is properly developed. Pharmaceutical companies are working to create novel drug delivery systems in order to give medications to patients effectively and with fewer side effects. The fundamentals of novel drug delivery systems, as well as their various varieties, are covered in this article. The scientific requirements to be incorporated in novel drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, microemulsions, matrix systems, solid dispersions, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and so on, can be met by modern phytopharmaceuticals research, though, by determining pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, site of action, required precise dose, etc.
Keywords: Novel drug delivery system, Conventional drug delivery, Pharmaceutical companies, Pharmacokinetics.
Formulation and evaluation of Lamivudine transferosomal gel
Authors: Yameen Syeda Hassan , Shahidulla S.M. 
Published: November 2022

Aim and objective: The aim of the study was to formulate and evaluate Transferosomal gel of lamivudine.
Method:Lamivudine transferosomes was prepared using thin film hydration method taking span 80, Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether in different proportion. the formulation was characterised by UV spectroscopy, FTIR, in-vitro drug release, gel evaluations.
Results: Total nine formulations were formulated and optimised formulation F3 showed entrapment efficiency EE (91.17), %CDR (96.12) and small particle size (98.19 nm). SEM of optimized lamivudine Transferosomes appeared as spherical, well identified, unilamellar vesicles. The optimized formulation of Transferosomes was further formulated to gel with Poloxamer 407 gel 0.5%, 1% and 2% w/w ,HPMC k15, Propylene glycol, DMSO. Among these F3 formulation with Poloxamer 407 2%w/w transferosomal gel is the optimised transferosmal gel and showed Spreadability value 6.01±0.12 cm, pH value 5.01 ±0.47. The actual drug content of the Transferosomal gel was found to be 97.29 ±0.66%, which represents good content uniformity. The viscosity of lamivudine Transferosomal gel is found to 5960 ±0.75cps. The percentage drug release for lamivudine Transferosomal gel is 97.31 %. stability studies showed that Transferosomal gel is more stable at 4˚C when compared to other temperatures. The future scope of the study is to perform the In Vivo studies to evaluate the potency of the prepared formulation.
Keywords: Lamivudine Transferosomal gel, Transferosomes, Topical, Anti-viral drug, Thin Film Hydration Technique.