bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinesin-1 transports morphologically distinct intracellular virions during vaccinia infection
Authors: Xu Amadeus , Basant Angika , Schleich Sibylle , Newsome Timothy P. , Way Michael 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Intracellular mature viruses (IMVs) are the first and most abundant infectious form of vaccinia virus to assemble during its replication cycle. IMVs can undergo microtubule-based motility, but their directionality and the motor involved in their transport remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that IMVs, like intracellular enveloped viruses (IEVs), the second form of vaccinia that are wrapped in Golgi-derived membranes, recruit kinesin-1 and undergo anterograde transport. In vitro reconstitution of virion transport in infected cell extracts revealed that IMVs and IEVs move toward microtubule plus ends with respective velocities of 0.66 and 0.56 µm/s. Quantitative imaging established that IMVs and IEVs recruit an average of 139 and 320 kinesin-1 motor complexes, respectively. In the absence of kinesin-1, there was a near-complete loss of in vitro motility and reduction in the intracellular spread of both types of virions. Our observations demonstrate that kinesin-1 transports two morphologically distinct forms of vaccinia. Reconstitution of vaccinia-based microtubule motility in vitro provides a new model to elucidate how motor number and regulation impacts transport of a bona fide kinesin-1 cargo.
Distinct roles of the Chlamydia trachomatis effectors TarP and TmeA in the regulation of formin and Arp2/3 during entry
Authors: Romero Matthew D. , Carabeo Rey A. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
The obligate intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis manipulates the host actin cytoskeleton to assemble actin-rich structures that drive pathogen entry. The recent discovery of TmeA, which, like TarP, is an invasion-associated type III effector implicated in actin remodeling, raised questions regarding the nature of their functional interaction. Quantitative live-cell imaging of actin remodeling at invasion sites revealed differences in recruitment and turnover kinetics associated with the TarP and TmeA pathways, with the former accounting for most of the robust actin dynamics at invasion sites. TarP-mediated recruitment of actin nucleators, i.e. formins and the Arp2/3 complex, was crucial for rapid actin kinetics, generating a collaborative positive feedback loop that enhanced their respective actin-nucleating activities within invasion sites. In contrast, the formin Fmn1 was not recruited to invasion sites and did not collaborate with Arp2/3 within the context of TmeA-associated actin recruitment. Although the TarP-Fmn1-Arp2/3 signaling axis is responsible for the majority of actin dynamics, its inhibition had similar effects as the deletion of TmeA on invasion efficiency, consistent with the proposed model that TarP and TmeA act on different stages of the same invasion pathway.
Pictorial guide for variants of Covid-19: CT imaging and interpretation
Authors: Bonito Giacomo , Martinelli Valeria , Vullo Francesco , Basilico Fabrizio , Polito Eleonora , Izzo Antonella , Corso Laura , Ricci Paolo 
Published: September 2022

Typical radiologic images of Covid-19 pneumonia consists in a wide spectrum of chest manifestations, which range from peripheral predominant ground-glass opacities to an organizing pneumonia pattern, with additional features including crazy-paving, consolidations, fibrotic streaks and linear opacities. With variants imaging profile of Covid-19 evolves, producing relatively atypical/indeterminate CT pattern of pulmonary involvement, which overlap with imaging features of a variety of other respiratory diseases, including infections, drug reaction and hypersensitivity pneumonia. Our knowledge of these radiological findings is incomplete and there is a need to strengthen the recognition of the many faces of Covid-19 pneumonia.
Students' Digital Competence and Perceived Learning: The mediating role of Learner Agility
Authors: Patwardhan Vidya , Mallya Jyothi , Shedbalkar Rahul , Srivastava Sandeep , Bolar Kartikeya 
Published: September 2022

Background: The ravages of COVID-19 escalated the penetration of online education and usage of digital technologies. While educational institutions across the globe adopted different forms of computer-mediated communication, the institutes in India have gradually attuned to the new normal, notwithstanding the initial glitches of adopting new technology and shifting to blended. It became increasingly significant to gain a better understanding of students’ perspectives of newly emerged learning environment. This motivated the researchers to study the digital competencies (DC) and their impact on students’ learning agility (LA) and perceived learning (PL) in professional/technical education. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a DigiComp 2.1 framework was attempted to investigate the relationship between DC and PL among higher education students in India. The data from 359 graduate and post-graduate students were analyzed using Structural equation modelling and Process Macro 4.0. Results: The findings of this study revealed that DC has a significant positive impact on PL (b = 0.33; p < 0.001), indicating that higher learners' DC leads to higher learning outcomes. Similarly, DC also had a significant positive impact on LA (b = 0.59; p < 0.001), suggesting that the higher DC of learners leads to higher learning agility. Further, a positive significant relationship was also found between LA and PL (b = 0.21; p < 0.001). This significant positive path reveals that higher learners' agility leads to higher student learning outcomes. Discussion: Post-COVID, DC, a technology-related skill set is linked to the academic performance of teachers and students. Our findings reveal that DC significantly positively impacts PL and LA. Therefore, we recommend that the higher educational institutes in India consider the inclusion of DC in their curriculum as a fundamental competence for a better learning outcome for learners.
From pedagogical toward technological pedagogical content knowledge frameworks and their effectiveness in teaching mathematics: A mapping review
Authors: Habiyaremye Hashituky Telesphore , Ntivuguruzwa Celestin , Ntawiha Philothere 
Published: September 2022

Background: A study to reveal existing pedagogical or technological pedagogical content knowledge frameworks is crucial to inform and their effectiveness in teaching mathematics. This review study intended to explore the trends of the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) framework, how it has changed over time until the most recent version of technological and pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) was developed, and its effectiveness in teaching mathematics. Methods: We initially downloaded 273 articles from the first 30 Google Scholar pages and analyzed 229 journal articles. We got 24 frameworks from 64 journal articles since Shulman’s first model in 1986. About 52 out of 229 were mathematics studies. Among these studies, we found that 18 studies have extensively investigated the use of identified frameworks. Results: The frameworks were presented and descriptively discussed in chronological order. The empirical studies that compared the role of pedagogical and technological pedagogical content knowledge models among classrooms with teachers who possess and do not possess such skills were demonstrated. Conclusions: The gap in empirical studies was identified, and further studies about the intervention of PCK and TPACK models were suggested to gain more insight into the mathematics classroom.
Què en fem, d’una pandèmia? Retrat, més o menys veraç, de dos anys de la LIJ
Authors: Portell Rifà Joan 
Published: September 2022

Habitualment els articles d’aquest anuari són com una corretja de distribució: es recull allò que ha derivat dels anys anteriors, es transforma i s’aboca de nou a fi que el món continuï girant. Però això no és possible en el bienni 2020-2021, dos anys de «trasbals total», com els va definir el mestre i mediador Jaume Centelles.
L’article que teniu a les mans no vol ser, doncs, res més que un document testimonial dels canvis que va viure el món del llibre, tots plegats i en pròpia pell, derivats de la pandèmia de la COVID-19. El text fa passada per totes i cada una de les baules del llibre, des dels autors als lectors, a fi de relatar des del petit detall als grans traços de dos anys de la nostra història que han deixat llums i ombres en el llibre i la lectura. Llums, com la capacitat d’adaptació de la població en general i de determinats gremis en particular, i ombres, com les derivades d’algunes actituds dels nostres governants, d’alguns responsables de biblioteques o de les dificultats de supervivència d’alguns autors. Deixeu, doncs, que aquest document suposi un exemple d’allò que vam experimentar i, sigui poc o molt, esdevingui també un aprenentatge que ens ajudi i guiï de cara a un futur ben avorrit.
A més l’article inclou un apartat que en edicions anteriors havia esdevingut un capítol amb entitat pròpia: un recull de les recerques que a diversos nivells s’han presentat i que han aportat una pedra més de l’edifici necessari per saber d’on venim, qui som i cap a on anem. La jubilació de la doctora Teresa Colomer, encarregada anteriorment d’aquest capítol, afegit a la crisi derivada de la pandèmia que també ha afectat les recerques, ha suposat que s’inclogui en aquest capítol.
Com es podrà veure, una part de la informació que es recull en aquesta contribució s’ha obtingut gràcies a la participació desinteressada de moltes de les persones de referència del món de la LIJ. Les entrevistes, sempre plenes de saviesa cada una d’elles, han estat una font inesgotable de coneixement i plaer i la millor forma d’aconseguir pouar fins al fons de l’actualitat del bienni 2020-2021.
Polarization control of 795  nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers by in-phase surface gratings
Authors: Fu Qiuxue , Sun Yurun , Yu Shuzhen , Wang Ancheng , Yin Jiajing , Dong Jian-Rong 
Published: September 2022

795 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with in-phase surface gratings are fabricated and investigated theoretically and experimentally. The polarization characteristics of 795 nm VCSELs with various grating periods and depths are analyzed using the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) method; the dependence of polarization stability on the profile of gratings demonstrates that the trapezoid grating ridge slightly enhances the orthogonal polarization suppression ratio (OPSR), but increases the threshold current. The fabricated VCSELs with a sub-wavelength in-phase surface grating of a duty cycle of 0.5 show stabilized output polarization at the cost of increasing the threshold current which is in agreement with the calculations. The grating VCSELs with a period of 200 nm and an oxide aperture of3.43µm×4.39µmproduce a single-mode output with an OPSR of 16.6 dB and a slope efficiency of 0.42 W/A at 85°C.
Active terahertz beam manipulation with photonic spin conversion based on a liquid crystal Pancharatnam–Berry metadevice
Authors: Zhao Hui-Jun , Fan Fei , Ji Yun-Yun , Jiang Song-Lin , Tan Zhi-Yu , Chang Sheng-Jiang 
Published: September 2022

Active terahertz (THz) beam manipulation is urgently needed for applications in wireless communication, radar detection, and remote sensing. In this work, we demonstrate a liquid crystal (LC) integrated Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) metadevice for active THz beam manipulation. Through theoretical analysis and simulation design, the geometric phase of the PB metasurface is engineered to match the tunable anisotropic phase shift of LCs under an external magnetic field, and dynamic beam deflection accompanied by spin conversion is obtained. The experimental results show that the device realizes a dynamic modulation depth of

>
94
%

and maximum efficiency of over 50% for the different spin states. Moreover, due to the broadband operating characteristics of devices at 0.7–1.3 THz, the deflection angles are frequency dependent with a scanning range of over

±
20
°

to

±
32.5
°

. Moreover, the two conjugate spin states are always spatially separated in different deflection directions with an isolation degree of over 10 dB. Therefore, this metadevice provides a scheme of active THz beam deflection and spin state conversion, and it also achieves both controllable wavelength division multiplexing and spin division multiplexing, which have important potential in large-capacity THz wireless communication.
Evaluating immunohaematological profile among COVID-19 active infection and recovered patients in Ghana
Authors: Konlaan Yatik , Asamoah Sakyi Samuel , Kumi Asare Kwame , Amoah Barnie Prince , Opoku Stephen , Nakotey Gideon Kwesi , Victor Nuvor Samuel , Amoani Benjamin 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe rapid spread of COVID-19 has been a global public health problem and it is yet to be put under control. Active COVID-19 is associated with unrestrained secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and imbalances in haematological profile including anaemia, leukocytosis and thrombocytopaenia. However, the haematological profile and immune status following recovery from COVID-19 has not been recognized. We evaluated the immunohaematological profile among COVID-19 patients with active infection, recovered cases and unexposed healthy individuals in the Ashanti region of Ghana.MethodologyA total of 95 adult participants, consisting of 35 positive, 30 recovered and 30 unexposed COVID-19 negative individuals confirmed by RT-PCR were recruited for the study. All the patients had the complete blood count performed using the haematological analyzer Sysmex XN-1500. Their plasma cytokine levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were analysed using ELISA. Statistical analyses were performed on R statistical software.ResultThe Patients with COVID-19 active infection had significantly higher levels of IL10 (181±6.14 pg/mL vs 155.00±14.32 pg/mL vs 158.80±11.70 pg/mL,p= 0.038), WBC count (5.5±0.4 x109/L vs 4.5±0.6 x109/L vs 3.8±0.5,p< 0.0001) and percentage basophil (1.8±0.1% vs 0.8±0.3% vs 0.7±0.2%,p =0.0040) but significantly lower levels of IFN-γ (110.10±9.52 pg/mL vs 142.80±5.46 pg/mL vs 140.80±6.39 pg/mL,p =0.021), haematocrit (24.1±3.7% vs 38.3± 3.0% vs 38.5±2.2%,p< 0.0001), haemoglobin concentration (9.4±0.1g/dl vs 12.5± 5.0g/dl vs 12.7±0.8,p< 0.0001) and MPV (9.8±0.2fL vs 11.1±0.5fL vs 11.6±0.3fL,p< 0.0001) compared to recovered and unexposed controls respectively. There were significant association between IL-1β & neutrophils (r= 0.42,p<0.05), IL-10 & WBC (r= 0.39,p<0.05), IL-10 & Basophils (r= -0.51,p<0.01), IL-17 & Neutrophil (r= 0.39,p<0.05) in the active COVID-19 cases.ConclusionCOVID-19 active infection is associated with increased IL-10 and WBC with a concomitant decrease in IFN-γ and haemoglobin concentration. However, recovery from the disease is associated with immune recovery with appareantly normal haematological profile.
Impactos do Isolamento Social Decorrentes da Pandemia de COVID-19 na Criminalidade Urbana em Belo Horizonte -MG
Authors: FARIA ANTONIO HOT PEREIRA DE , Diniz Alexandre Magno Alves , Alves Diego Filipe Cordeiro 
Published: September 2022

O objetivo do trabalho é analisar os impactos das medidas de distanciamento social no comportamento da criminalidade em Belo Horizonte, notadamente nos crimes contra o patrimônio (furto, roubo e extorsão). Para tanto, comparou-se as estatísticas criminais do período de 18 de março a 25 de julho de 2020 (período de distanciamento social decretado pela Prefeitura Municipal de Belo Horizonte) com o mesmo período no ano de 2019. Verificou-se ainda o período do início da flexibilização do distanciamento, ocorrido entre os dias 25 de julho e 24 de setembro. Como parâmetro de mobilidade comunitária utilizou-se dados disponibilizados pelo Google®. Os resultados indicam que houve menor quantidade absoluta de crimes, com redução média de 34%, sendo 36% no período de distanciamento e 25% de flexibilização. A distribuição temporal dos eventos acompanha o padrão do período sem distanciamento social, tanto por dia da semana, quanto por faixa horária. Registrou-se, ainda, a redução da mobilidade comunitária em locais de comércio (varejo), lazer e parques concomitantes com a redução criminal, corroborando a abordagem das atividades de rotina. A distribuição espacial dos eventos mantém o mesmo padrão espacial do período sem distanciamento, influenciado pelos atratores de crimes, conforme uso e ocupação do solo. Houve correlação dos locais (equipamentos urbanos) com a concentração de crimes em ambos os períodos. A influência da mobilidade social para locais de comércio/lazer e parques corroboram com a Teoria das Atividades Rotineiras e Teoria do Padrão do Crime, bem como da distribuição de facilities que conformam a paisagem urbana.
The Challenges and Solutions of State Islamic Universities Post Remuneration Implementation
Authors: Yayu Putri Senjani  
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The remuneration is a working reward system applied to the BLU-Satker. 15 of 19 PTKIN-BLU have already implemented remuneration. This research aims to identify the challenges of PTKIN BLU after implementing remuneration.
Methodology: The research method used a qualitative method descriptive by adding quantitative data analysis. UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta and UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin of Banten are the samples in this research. They are representative of PTKIN BLU in big size and small size.
Findings: Managers and employees of BLU who became the informant in this study stated that PTKIN BLU has challenges. BLU income has not been optimal, and an unobjective and measurable performance assessment system and have differences of opinion among BLU managers. However, some efforts have been made by PTKIN BLU to succeed in the implementation of remuneration. They are the strengthening of the business unit, the addition of a postgraduate department, and establishing and developing an adequate performance assessment system.
Novelty: This study identifies in more detail what challenges are faced when remuneration is applied so that it can affect the performance of employees and organizations. In addition, this study also identified the efforts of BLU managers to overcome these challenges and obstacles.
Keywords: Remuneration, Public Service Agency (BLU), Performance.
Auditor Professionalism: Management Performance Analysis in Corporate Financial Reporting
Authors: Aditya Riky Nugroho  
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Internal auditors are expected to have a high professionalism attitude that can encourage management performance in a positive direction. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out how the effect of auditor professionalism on management performance and in the company's financial reporting.
Methodology : The research method used is explanatory research method. The sample used in this study is an internal audit who works for companies and government agencies in the Jakarta area. Data were obtained using a questionnaire that was distributed directly and compiled using a Likert scale. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The research data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques, testing data quality by conducting internal consistency tests and construct validity tests, as well as classical assumption tests, namely multicollinearity, autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity. To test the hypothesis used linear and stratified regression techniques using the SPSS statistical program.
Findings: Based on the research data, it can be concluded that there is a positive influence between auditor professionalism on performance management in the company's financial reporting system.
Novelty: The previous study focused on organizational and professional commitment on the job satisfaction of accountants. This study tries to examining how internal audit professionals relate to financial reporting management.

Keywords: Auditor, Performance Management, Financial Report
An experimental study on vibration isolation by open and in-filled trenches
Authors: Ajel Hasan A. , Al-Jubair Haider S. , Ali Jaafar K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The mitigation of vibrations due to a harmonic load induced by a mechanical oscillator is studied experimentally. The vertical components of soil particle velocities are measured (via geophones) at different locations apart from the source, where various frequencies (30–70 Hz) are generated. For normal conditions where no mitigation means are used, it is found that the measured peak particle velocities are proportional to the excitation frequencies. The mitigation effect of constructing an active (near source) open (0.4 m wide × 3 m long × 2 m deep) trench barrier is also studied. The measurements revealed velocity increase at the points in front of the trench due to the reflected waves. This increase is proportional to the vibration frequency. Although the presence of the barrier greatly reduced the peak particle velocities beyond it, it is found that the efficiency of screening is more pronounced at high vibration frequencies. Increased and fluctuated trends of the amplitude reduction ratio are reported away from the barrier. It is realized that passive (near target) screening is less effective for all frequencies except at 30 Hz. Active and passive trenches, filled with native soil–rubber mixture at various ratios (20–40% rubber), are also considered. The rubber material is in a form of tire chips purchased from the Unit of Recycling Scrap Tires in Al-Diwaniyah Tires Factory. Although the in-filled trenches are less effective in screening the vibrations, similar trends and behavior to the open trenches are noted. It is found that the mitigation efficacy is increased with the rubber content.
Volume fractal and surface fractal analysis of the pore structure of natural and heat-treated spruce wood using the mercury intrusion porosimetry test
Authors: Gao Yiqin , Wang Mingjie , Li Yuanyuan , Li Li , Chen Yao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fractal geometry describes the complex pore structure in natural and heat-treated wood and the relationship between pore structure and wood properties, such as strength, heat conductivity, and transport properties. However, the fractal types and the scale-dependent properties of natural and heat-treated wood remain unclear. In this study, comprehensive fractal analysis of the pore structure of natural and heat-treated spruce wood was carried out based on mercury intrusion porosimetry data. Both the volume fractal and surface fractal of natural and heat-treated wood were determined. The results showed that the two fractal types had different scale-dependent fractal properties. Four regions were identified in the pore structures. A volume fractal region was identified for pores in the region of 2–90 μm, while a surface fractal region was identified for pores in the region of 90 nm–7 μm. The pore structure in the region of 2–90 μm that corresponded to the large pore (the lumina in the cell) range showed strong volume fractal properties, and the fractal dimensions were 2.645–2.884. The pore structure in the region of 90 nm–7 μm that corresponded to the small pore (voids on or in cell walls) range showed strong surface fractal properties, and the fractal dimensions were 2.323–2.999. The range of fractal regions was hardly affected by the heat treatment atmospheres. These results showed that fractal geometry can be used to characterize the pore structures of natural and heat-treated wood. These findings are expected to explain the differences in properties between natural and heat-treated wood in the future.