bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Exposure Parameters on Detecting Clear and Unclear Mandibular Canals Using Two Digital Intra-Oral Sensors – An Experimental Study
Authors: Jasa-Andrade Gainer R. , Castillo Aron Aliaga-Del , Arriola-Guillén Luis E. 
Published: May 2022

Aim:
To evaluate the effects of exposure parameters (tube current and voltage) to detect clear and unclear mandibular canals (MCs) using a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) or photo-stimulable phosphor plate (PSP) sensors.

Methods:
A total of 24 dry half-mandibles were divided into two groups with clear (n = 16) and unclear (n = 8) MCs. The retro-alveolar parallel technique was performed in the six-molar region of the mandibles using direct and indirect digital intra-oral sensors. Six combinations of tube voltage (kV) (60 kV, 66 kV, and 70 kV) and tube current (mA) (2 mA, 5 mA, and 8 mA) were applied, and 144 images of each group were obtained with each CMOS and PSP sensor. Images were processed using Image J software. To evaluate diagnostic accuracy, two square images of the first-molar region were obtained from each image, one with the MC inside and the other without the MC (a total of 576 images were observed). Three radiologists diagnosed the presence or absence of MCs. The diagnostic accuracy of each exposure parameter was compared with the area under the curve (Az) in receiver-operating characteristic analysis.

Results:
The Az values for clear MCs were higher than those for unclear MCs (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences when the tube current was modified. For unclear MCs, the Az increased when higher tube voltages were used, showing a significant difference using the PSP sensor (P = 0.004). There was no significant difference for clear MCs.

Conclusions:
Lower exposure parameters should be used for clear MCs, while higher tube voltage values should be used for unclear MCs.
A comparative study of students' perception of flipped classroom teaching and traditional classroom teaching among final-year medical students
Authors: Balasubramanian Kavitha , Sethuraman Vinoth Kumar , Ramachandran Balasubramanian 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Recently, flipped classrooms (FCs) have emerged as a new pedagogical method in which students are given study resource material to develop a basic understanding of the topic before class, and in-class precious time is used for learner-centric activities. Accordingly, the study objective was to determine the student's perception of flipped and traditional teaching methods.

Materials and Methods:
In this analytical cross-sectional study, students attending medicine clinics were divided into two groups of roughly forty students each. One group received FC teaching and the other traditional lecture on hypo- and hyperthyroidism topics. A structured questionnaire on students' perception of FC teaching and traditional teaching technique was used for both groups. Different parameters related to the learning process about hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were considered as primary outcome variables. Coguide software was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
The students' age range was between 21 and 23 years. The majority were males (>55%). Among the students who attended FCs, the majority (>60%) agreed to follow the same method in future. Majority (>75%) of the students agreed that the reading materials were useful. Overall, a positive perception was observed in the FCs compared to that of the traditional classroom method.

Conclusion:
FC compared with traditional teaching methods had a good response from the medical students. Students' perception of FC method was positive.
Kidney biopsy in elderly patients
Authors: Vakrani Girish P. , Tanuja Nambakam 
Published: May 2022

Background
Although there is progressive loss of renal mass and function as age progresses, still newer kidney diseases occur. Kidney diseases in the elderly are different compared with younger population. This is because of more commoner occurrence of secondary kidney diseases than primary kidney diseases compared with younger. There is a paucity of Indian literature regarding kidney biopsy in the elderly. The reasons could be fear of increased risk of complications in the elderly, or attributing all kidney diseases to common comorbidities like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, malignancy, intake of potential nephrotoxic medications, and not subjecting them to kidney biopsy. Thus, performing kidney biopsies and analyzing the biopsy findings is not only important for diagnosis of potentially curable kidney diseases, but also guides the therapy.

Patients and methods
It was a retrospective observational study conducted to assess the clinical profile and histopathological spectrum in elderly patients who underwent kidney biopsies.

Results
The most common indication of kidney biopsy was nephrotic syndrome. The commonest histological finding was membranous nephropathy. Compared with the elderly group, the frequency of lupus nephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, minimal change disease, IgA nephropathy, and acute tubular necrosis was significantly more in younger age.

Conclusions
The most common indication for kidney biopsy in the elderly was nephrotic syndrome. Membranous nephropathy was the commonest histologic finding. The results obtained in this study could add to previous studies to give valuable information of kidney diseases in the elderly. Kidney biopsy is useful in diagnosing many treatable kidney diseases in the elderly and prevents unwanted exposure to empirical immunosuppression.
The effect of intradialytic aerobic training on physical performance and quality of life among hemodialysis patients
Authors: Elghoneimy Hesham A. , El-Deeb Ahmed E. , Younis Gihan Abd El-Latif , Abd El-Kader Mohamed M. , El-Wakil Hala S. 
Published: May 2022

Background
Patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease have reduced physical performance and impaired quality of life. The aim of this work is to study the effect of intradialytic aerobic training using a pedal on physical performance and quality of life among hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Patients and methods
This experimental study was conducted on 30 adult patients with end-stage kidney disease on maintenance HD for more than 3 months. Mentally or physically unfit patients, patients with overt ischemic heart disease or cardiac decompensation, severe anemic patients (hemoglobin≤8 g/dl), patients with advanced chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder, patients with advanced lower limbs joints disease, and those with amputation of the lower limb were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups; each group consisted of 15 patients. Group A performed intradialytic aerobic exercise for 30 min three times/week for 8 weeks. Group B was a control group.

Results
There was significant improvement in the distance walked in 6-min walk test in the exercise group (P=0.04). Moreover, there was significant improvement in the main scales of kidney disease quality-of-life short form, version 1.3, Arabic version (Kidney Disease Component Summary, Physical Composite Scale, and Mental Composite Scale) (P<0.001, P=0.018, and P=0.037, respectively).

Conclusion
Exercise has a beneficial effect on the physical performance and quality of life in HD patients.
Incidence and association of ocular manifestations with the disease severity in COVID-19 patients of northern region of India
Authors: Kumar Aalok , Anuranjani Lavanya 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE:
Our study aims to find the incidence of ocular manifestations and to investigate the relation of ocular manifestations with the disease severity among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Our study is a cross-sectional study done between May 15, 2020, and April 15, 2021, at Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India. All COVID-19 patients who got admitted to our center between May 15, 2020, and April 15, 2021, were included in our study. We included 261 patients in our study. Diagnosis of COVID-19 was made by testing the nasal and pharyngeal swabs by (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]). An RT-PCR test positive was the criteria for admission in the COVID ward. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U-test, Chi-square test, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. P < 0.01 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:
We included 261 patients in our study. Out of 261 patients, ocular manifestations were found in 43 (16.4%) patients. The patients with ocular manifestations had higher neutrophil counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and D-dimer values (P < 0.001). Patients with ocular manifestations were relatively more symptomatic concerning fever and myalgia.

CONCLUSION:
The incidence of ocular manifestations in COVID-19 patients was 16.4%. Ocular manifestation was significantly associated with raised neutrophil counts, CRP, ESR, PCT, and D-dimer values. Ocular manifestation was also significantly associated with higher body temperature and higher mean age. The findings of the study are suggestive of more severe disease in patients of COVID-19 with ocular manifestations.
Temporal and double inverted internal limiting membrane flap for bilateral choroidal ruptures complicated by bilateral macular holes
Authors: Huang Li-Ying , Lin Chun-Ju , Lai Chun-Ting , Hsia Ning-Yi , Bair Henry , Tien Peng-Tai , Chen Wen-Lu , Lin Jane-Ming , Chiang Chun-Chi , Tsai Yi-Yu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Choroidal ruptures occur in 5% to 10% closed-globe injuries with wide variation in visual prognosis, which depending on the visual acuity at presentation, the location of the rupture, and other associated ocular injuries. We reported a case of bilateral traumatic choroidal rupture with a large macular hole. We performed surgery in the right eye of microincisional vitrectomy, temporally inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap, and C3F8 tamponade; then microincisional vitrectomy, fibrotic scar removal, double inverted ILM flap, and C3F8 tamponade in the left eye. After surgery, she achieved both good anatomical and visual acuity improvement in the right eye, but limited visual acuity improvement in the left eye due to subfoveal choroidal scar formation.
SOLUSI DAKWAH DI ERA TEKNOLOGI KOMUNIKASI DAN INFORMASI
Authors: Faridah Faridah , Utami Adeh Ijam Putri , Sunatri Sunatri 
Published: May 2022

Tulisan ini mengungkapkan tentang solusi dakwah di era sekarang dengan perkembangan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi. metode yang peneliti gunakan adalah penelusuran kepustakaan atau library research yang menggunakan jenis pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelusuran mengungkapkan bahwa dakwah merupakan salah satu dari bentuk komunikasi bermuatan pesan keagamaan yang saat ini dihadapkan dengan kemajuan zaman (kecanggihan teknologi) sehingga membutuhkan kemampuan adaptasi pada kemajuan tersebut, dakwah diharapkan bisa fleskibel, bukan hanya dengan melakukan tabligh akbar, ceramah di majelis taklim atau masjid, , namun dakwah diharapkan dapat membumi menjemput mad’u seperti bergerak ke café-café, dari rumah ke rumah, ke pasar dan tempat-tempat dimana mad’u tidak sempat untuk berkunjung ke majelis taklim atau ke masjid. Dai sebaiknya memahami tentang pesatnya kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (IPTEK) yang telah berhasil mentransformasikan peradaban umat manusia yang berawal dari kultur pertanian beralih ke industri dan terus berkembang ke abad sekarang yakni era komunikasi dan informasi, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa dakwah sebaiknya dikemas sesuai dengan kondisi zaman dengan memilih metode yang sesuai, dan penggunaan media dakwah seperti media sosial sebagai bagian dari ciri globalisasi dengan kenyataan pluralitas agama.
ANALISIS PROFIL PENGANGGURAN DI PROVINSI MALUKU
Authors: Ramly Fahrudin , Ramly Amin 
Published: May 2022

Salah satu tujuan pembangunan adalah menciptakan kesempatan kerja atau dengan kata lain mengurangi pengangguran. Disadari bahwa pengangguran adalah masalah ekonomi yang dihadapi oleh setiap negara. Oleh karena itu, tingkat pengangguran harus ditekan hingga sampai pada tingkat pengangguran alamiah. Berbagai kebijakan yang telah ditempuh oleh pemerintah untuk mengurangi tingkat pengangguran. Beberapa diantaanya adalah dengan pengalokasian belanja pemerintah kepada sektor ekonomi yang dapat menyerap tenaga kerja lebih banyak.
Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah Indonesia adalah berusaha meningkatkan kinerja perekonomian melalui penyediaan akses masyarakat terhadap lapangan pekerjaan yang lebih terbuka.
Sejak pandemic covid-19 melanda seluruh dunia, tidak terkecuali Indonesia dan termasuk Provinsi Maluku, maka kegiatan ekonomi banyak mengalami kontraksi. Sejumlah perusahaan harus menghentikan usahanya, karena adanya kebijakan pemerintah untuk membatasi pergerakan orang sehingga permintaan masyarakat berkurang. Akibatnya terjadi over produksi yang kemudian menambah beban perusahaan.
Tujuan yang dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui profil pengangguran di provinsi Maluku. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, maka digunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggambarkan profil pengangguran dalam bentuk table dan gambar. Kemudian diinterpretasikan secara ekonomi sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah pengagguran di Provinsi Maluku didominasi oleh pendudukan usia muda, jenis kelamin laki serta yang berpendidikan SMA/SMK ke atas. Berdasarkan kabupaten/kota, maka Kota Ambon terbanyak dan terkecil Kabupaten Buru Selatan.
Kata kunci : Pengangguran, Lapangan kerja, Covid-19.
Measuring health and disability of Ukrainian cadets – translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the WHODAS 2.0
Authors: Tymruk-Skoropad Kateryna , Muzyka Ostap , Pavlova Iuliia 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionThe WHODAS 2.0 questionnaire is used internationally to assess disability. The goal was to perform a cross�cultural adaptation and validation of the Ukrainian version of the WHODAS 2.0, and examine the tool’s efficacy, particularly for screening studies.MethodsThe participants of the study were cadets (<i>n</i> = 256, age = 18–21 years). This study used the Ukrainian versions of the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (36 items, self-administered, WHODAS) and the Medical Outcomes Study: 36-Item Short Form Survey (MOS SF-36). The WHODAS was translated according to the WHO protocol. The level of disability, quality of life, and complaints of injuries and pain during training were assessed.ResultsThe WHODAS was translated into Ukrainian. The overall score of the WHODAS questionnaire correlates with the values of the MOS SF-36 questionnaire scales. Numerous negative, moderate or significant correlations were found between virtually all MOS SF-36 questionnaire scales and WHODAS domains. The strength and number of correlations in the study group were lower than in populations with significant health disorders. The level of vitality, fatigue, and low efficiency were critical for the respondents.ConclusionsThe Ukrainian version of the 36-item WHODAS questionnaire is easy to use and is suitable for use in the form of interviews to assess the health, functioning, and disability of the general population. This tool will contribute to the more effec�tive clinical practice of clinical professionals, in particular in rehabilitation, and will enable the integration of research results related to the assessment of the level of disability at the national and international levels.
Downscaling of climate change scenarios for a high-resolution, site-specific assessment of drought stress risk for two viticultural regions with heterogeneous landscapes
Authors: Hofmann Marco , Volosciuk Claudia , Dubrovský Martin , Maraun Douglas , Schultz Hans R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Extended periods without precipitation, observed for example in central Europe including Germany during the seasons from 2018 to 2020, can lead to water deficit and yield and quality losses for grape and wine production. Irrigation infrastructure in these regions to possibly overcome negative effects is largely non-existent. Regional climate models project changes in precipitation amounts and patterns, indicating an increase in frequency of the occurrence of comparable situations in the future. In order to assess possible impacts of climate change on the water budget of grapevines, a water balance model was developed, which accounts for the large heterogeneity of vineyards with respect to their soil water storage capacity, evapotranspiration as a function of slope and aspect, and
viticultural management practices. The model was fed with data from soil
maps (soil type and plant-available water capacity), a digital elevation
model, the European Union (EU) vineyard-register, observed weather data, and
future weather data simulated by regional climate models and downscaled by a
stochastic weather generator. This allowed conducting a risk assessment of
the drought stress occurrence for the wine-producing regions Rheingau and
Hessische Bergstraße in Germany on the scale of individual vineyard
plots. The simulations showed that the risk for drought stress varies
substantially between vineyard sites but might increase for steep-slope
regions in the future. Possible adaptation measures depend highly on local
conditions and are needed to make targeted use of water resources, while
an intense interplay of different wine-industry stakeholders, research,
knowledge transfer, and local authorities will be required.
Characterising the interaction of tropical and extratropical air masses controlling East Asian summer monsoon progression using a novel frontal detection approach
Authors: Volonté Ambrogio , Turner Andrew G. , Schiemann Reinhard , Vidale Pier Luigi , Klingaman Nicholas P. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is a complex phenomenon, influenced by both tropical and mid-latitude dynamics and by the presence of the Tibetan Plateau. The EASM front (EASMF) separates tropical and extratropical air masses as the monsoon marches northwards. Although the different factors behind EASM progression are illustrated in a number of studies, their interactions, in particular between tropical and extratropical air masses, still need to be clarified. In this study we apply Eulerian and Lagrangian methods to the ERA5 reanalysis dataset to provide a comprehensive study of the seasonal progression of and interannual variability in the EASM, and we highlight the dynamics of the air masses converging at its front. A frontal detection algorithm is used to perform a front-centred analysis of EASM progression. The analysis highlights the primary role of the subtropical westerly jet (STWJ) and of the western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH) in controlling the strength and the poleward progression of the EASMF, in particular during Mei Yu, the primary stage of EASM progression. These forcings act to steer the southerly advection of low-level moist tropical air, modulated by the seasonal cycle of the Asian monsoon. The Mei Yu stage is distinguished by an especially clear interaction between tropical and extratropical air masses converging at the EASMF. The analysis of composites based on the latitude of the EASMF during Mei Yu reveals the influence exerted by the STWJ on the cool extratropical flow impacting on the northern side of the EASMF, whose progression is also dependent on the location of the WNPSH. In turn, this affects the extent of the warm moist advection on its southern side and the distribution and intensity of resultant rainfall over China. This study shows the validity of an analysis of EASM progression focused on its front and on the related low- and mid-level airstreams, at least in the Mei Yu stage. The framework highlighted shows how the regional flow over East Asia drives the low-level airstreams that converge at the EASMF, thus controlling the shape of EASM progression. This framework provides a basis for studies of climate variability and extreme events and for model evaluation.
Kebijakan Pemerintah DKI Jakarta dalam Penanganan Covid-19 sebagai Ibu Kota Republik Indonesia
Authors: Mahdur Rika Risalam , Gunarso Zakyta Pangestiara , Nanda Eko Aprizon , Sulistiadi Wahyu 
Published: May 2022

Abstrak
Latar Belakang: DKI Jakarta merupakan ibukota negara Indonesia. Pelaksanaan kebijakan penanganan Covid-19 di DKI Jakarta menjadi cerminan bagaimana negara ini dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19. DKI Jakarta juga menjadi provinsi di Indonesia yang memiliki jumlah kasus Covid-19 tertinggi di Indonesia.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian literatur berdasarkan pada database yang berasal dari Google Scholar, infografis, dan publikasi resmi dari Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Pencarian jurnal-jurnal diperoleh menggunakan kata kunci "Kebijakan AND Penanganan Covid-19 AND DKI Jakarta". Data yang didapatkan selanjutnya dikhususkan dari tahun 2020 hingga tahun 2021.
Hasil: Berbagai kebijakan telah ditetapkan Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta Mulai tanggal 11 maret 2020 meniadakan car free day, pembatasan sosial berskala besar (PSBB), hingga Pembatasan Masyarakat Berbasis Mikro (PPKM Mikro).
Kesimpulan: Kebijakan yang ditetapkan belum berhasil menangani Covid-19 karena ketidakpatuhan masyarakat serta lemahnya koordinasi antar pemerintah pusat maupun daerah. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan kerjasama berbagai pihak termasuk masyarakat serta menerapkan tata kelola yang baik agar terjadi koordinasi kebijakan antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah sehingga mampu menangani pandemi Covid-19.
Kata Kunci: Covid-19, DKI Jakarta, Kebijakan pemerintah, PPKM, PSBB
Abstract
Background: DKI Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia. The implementation of the Covid-19 handling policy in DKI Jakarta is a reflection of how the country is dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. DKI Jakarta is also the province in Indonesia that has the highest number of Covid-19 cases in Indonesia.
Method: A literature review was done based on a database from Google Scholar, infographics, and official publications from the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government. The search for journals was obtained using the keyword “Kebijakan AND Penanganan Covid-19 AND DKI Jakarta". The data obtained is then specified from 2020 to 2021.
Result: Various policies have been set by the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government. Starting on March 11, 2020, eliminating car free days, large-scale social restrictions (or PSBB in Bahasa Indonesia), to Micro-Based Community Restrictions (or PPKM Mikro in Bahasa Indonesia).
Conclusion: The policies that have been set have not succeeded in dealing with Covid-19 due to community disobedience and weak coordination between the central and regional governments. Therefore, it is necessary to cooperate with various parties including the community and implement good governance so that policy coordination occurs between the central and regional governments so that they are able to handle the Covid-19 pandemic.
Keywords: Covid-19, DKI Jakarta, Government policies, PPKM, PSBB