bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skeletal Maturation Pattern among Down Syndrome Individuals in Benin, City. Nigeria.
Authors: AGHIMIEN Osaronse Anthony , AJAYI Emmanuel Olubusayo , IZE-IYAMU Idia Nibokun 
Published: January 2022

Background: The assessment of skeletal maturity is important in the timing of orthodontic treatment especially in the modification of dento-facial growth. The use of cervical vertebrae as a method of assessment of skeletal maturity has rarely been used among Down Syndrome.
Objective: To assess skeletal maturity among individuals with Down Syndrome using the cervical vertebrae maturation stages.
Methods: The study was conducted among 21 Down Syndrome with mean ages of 11.70 ± 1.83 years (males) and 13.64 ± 1.75 years (female); and 21 control individuals with mean ages of 12.00 ± 2.00 years (male), and 13.50 ± 1.90 years (female). The independent t-test and chi-square test were used to determine significant differences among the continuous (age) and categorical variables (cervical vertebrae maturation stages) respectively when matched with gender and chronological age. Fischer exact test was used when an expected frequency presentation was <5. A p-value of < 0.05 was set as statistically significant.
Results: Down Syndrome males had delayed maturation at 11 years but accelerated at 12 with early attainment of maturity at 15 years. Down Syndrome female had a delay tendency in skeletal maturation from 11–15 years of age. Overall, Down Syndrome had a 1.242 probability of either having a delay or advancement in skeletal maturation which was not statistically significant. Conclusively, the skeletal maturation pattern between Down syndrome patients and normal individuals was not statistically different.
Conclusion: The average timing for commencement of orthodontic treatment especially growth modification for normal individuals can be applied for individuals with Down Syndrome as this present study did not show any statistically significant difference in their overall skeletal maturation.Down syndrome.
Evaluation of patients’ compliance to recall visits after tooth extraction at the Dental Centre, University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH): A two-year retrospective study
Authors: OMOROGBE Owen Stephen , ORHUE Osazee kelvin , OSAYANDE Edorisiagbon 
Published: January 2022

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the level of patients’ compliance with recall / follow-up visits attending the dental Centre of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH).
Methods: This study adopted a descriptive retrospective study of case notes retrieved from the medical records department of the dental Centre, University of Benin Teaching Hospital. The period under study covers 2019 to 2021. The data was collected by means of 1232 questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages.
Results: The result showed that the participants in the age bracket of 18-40 years of age (277) complied better to recall visit in comparison with the study age distributions which are 41-65 years (218) and age above 65 years (188). As per the influence of gender on compliance of patients with post-extraction recall visits, it was observed that the male participants (288) responded better to the recall visits compared to the female participants (251). The Relationship between distance away from the hospital and compliance of patients with post-extraction recall visits was also evaluated, and it was observed that the patients closer to the hospital within 5km (442) complied better to recall revisit in comparison to the participants who were within 10km (224) from the hospital as well as the participants that were 10km & above (17). Finally, the influence of interval between procedure and recall visit was also evaluated, and the result revealed that the participants that were given 7 days of recall revisit (663) complied better compared with the participants who were given 14days duration for recall revisit (478).
Conclusion: The data from this study highlighted the possible need for a paradigm shift in patient-doctor interphase especially as it concerns recall visits. Compliance to recall appointment by the patients depends largely on age, gender, distance from hospital and interval between procedures and is mainly responsible for the noncompliance of patients to recall visit.
Signifikansi Kelompok Sel Daring Bagi Jemaat: sebuah upaya Pembinaan Warga Gereja Di Masa Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Dewa Nanda Kustia , Laia Lismanwati , Purba Novi Aling , Setiawan David Eko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIndonesia is also one of the countries affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. This disease is troubling the whole community, especially the government, covid-19 is able to paralyze all activities in the community, so the government and health services in Indonesia carry out management for the community, namely by social restrictions, reducing interactions outside the home, and complying with health protocols. So in the midst of a pandemic the use of internet-based technology is increasing, especially worship activities such as cell groups that have been packaged online, this is an effort to foster church members to build intensive communication to review the spiritual growth of the congregation and continue to pay attention to the condition of the congregation in any situation. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The author collects data related to the title of writing by using a library approach. This cell group activity is important because through this fellowship the spirituality of the congregation can be awakened, but due to the Covid-19 pandemic situation, without eliminating all church responsibilities, one of the solutions the author found is to do it online, thus the importance of this online cell group is the congregation. continue to be accompanied, nurtured, guided in the growth of his faith and progress to become a mature believer even in the midst of a crisis situation. AbstrakIndonesia juga merupakan salah satu negara terdampak pandemi wabah Covid-19. Penyakit ini meresahkan seluruh masyarakat terkhususnya pemerintah, Covid-19 mampu melumpuhkan semua aktivitas di kalangan masyarakat, maka pemerintah serta dinas kesehatan di Indonesia melakukan penatalaksanaan bagi masyarakat, yaitu dengan pembatasan sosial mengurangi interaksi di luar rumah, dan mematuhi protokol kesehatan. Maka ditengah pandemi pemanfaatan teknologi berbasis internet sangat meningkat, terkhususnya kegiatan peribadatan seperti kelompok sel yang sudah dikemas secara daring, hal ini menjadi upaya pembinaan warga gereja membangun komunikasi secara intensif untuk meninjau pertumbuhan spiritual jemaat dan tetap terus memperhatikan keadaan jemaatnya dalam situasi apapun. Metode yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Penulis mengumpulkan data-data yang berkaitan dengan judul penulisan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kepustakaan. Kegiatan kelompok sel ini penting karena melalui persekutuan ini kerohanian jemaat dapat terbangun namun dikarenakan situasi pandemi Covid-19 ini muncul, tanpa menghilangkan semua tugas tanggung jawab gereja, maka salah satu solusi penulis temukan adalah melaksanakannya melalui daring, dengan demikian pentingnya kelompok sel daring ini jemaat tetap terus didampingi, dibina, dibimbing dalam pertumbuhan imannya serta mengalami kemajuan untuk menjadi orang percaya yang dewasa walaupun ditengah situasi krisis.
Spiritualitas Gembala Sidang Dan Implikasinya Bagi Keteladanan Pembinaan Warga Gereja
Authors: Buulolo Fauduzanolo , Telaumbanua Gusmayeni , Fitriani Riska , Setiawan David Eko 
Published: January 2022

Abstract This article will internalize existing data about the degeneration of values, the purpose and meaning of being a pastor, so that many Church members experience doubts and question the purity and spirituality of God's servants or in the real congregation pastor. The spirituality of the Pastor is the spiritual life or relationship with Christ that is seen through his actions, emotions and attitudes. Where not only vertically to God but will be evident from his actions to others. In this study, it describes the spirituality of the Council Shepherd and its implications for the exemplary formation of Church members. This study uses the literature method to answer existing problems. This problem is related to the question, What is the impact of the spirituality of the Council Pastor and its implications for the exemplary formation of Church members? The conclusion of this research is that if the servant of God does not live his spirituality, this implies that he will find servants of God who cannot be trusted. In addition, it will have implications for members of the Church. Abstract Artikel ini akan menginternalisasikan data-data yang ada tentang kemorosotan nilai, Tujuan dan makna menjadi Gembala Sidang, sehingga warga Gereja banyak yang mengalami keragu-raguan dan mempertanyakan kemurnian dan spiritualitas hamba Tuhan atau dengan istilah Gembala Sidang yang sebenarnya. Spiritualitas Gembala Sidang adalah kehidupan rohani atau hubungan dengan Kristus yang terlihat melalui tindakan, emosi dan sikap kehidupannya. Dimana bukan hanya secara vertikal kepada Tuhan melainkan akan nyata dari tindakannya kepada sesama. Dalam penelitian ini menjelaskan mengenai spiritualitas Gembala Sidang dan implikasinya bagi keteladanan pembinaan warga Gereja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kepustakaan untuk menjawab permasalahan yang ada. Permasalahan tersebut terkait dengan mempertanyakan, Apa dampak spiritualitas Gembala Sidang dan impilikasinya bagi keteladanan pembinaan warga Gereja ?. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Jika hamba Tuhan tidak menghidupi spiritualitasnya, maka akan berimplikasi akan menemukan hamba Tuhan yang tidak dapat dipercaya. Selain itu akan berimplikasi kepada warga Gereja.
Gestión de riesgos en la nueva normalidad post Covid-19
Authors: Zacarías Rodríguez Remo Eusebio , Zacarías Rodríguez Victoriano Eusebio , Zacarías Vallejos Sara Ricardina 
Published: January 2022

La investigación Gestión de riesgos en la nueva normalidad post covid-19, el retorno a las actividades tanto profesionales, educativas y cotidianas no será igual que antes. Los ciudadanos estarán preocupados por su bioseguridad, por los riesgos a los que estarán expuestos en los ambientes físicos y el comportamiento de los demás ciudadanos. En este escenario, el principal desafío como organizaciones, será traducir en hechos concretos y prácticos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la influencia de la gestión de riesgos en la nueva normalidad post COVID 19. El trabajo de investigación es básico, diseño no experimental, de corte transversal correlacional-causal, la muestra 107 empresarios socios de la Cámara de Comercio de Huancayo. Se encontró que la gestión de riegos emergentes como la prevención, documentación y la gestión cuentan con un 37%. En las actividades de seguimiento, control y análisis de riesgos con un 35% de aplicación., en cuanto a la nueva normalidad post covid-19, se cuentan con un 39% el plan para la vigilancia, prevención y control de Covid-19 en el trabajo. Con un 39% cuentan con equipos de protección personal anti Covid-19 y protocolos para la atención y los procesos en el trabajo. Podemos concluir que a un nivel de significancia del 0,05 la gestión de riesgos influye significativamente en la nueva normalidad post COVID 19, lo cual significa que la gestión de riesgos influye hasta un 58.5% en la nueva normalidad post COVID 19.
Impact of antibiotic withdrawal and starvation conditions on plasmid elimination and consequent loss of resistance
Authors: Hiba Akram  , Shaniyaal Shahid  , Hina Bukhari  , Qurat-Ul-Ain  , Khadeja Iqbal  , Muhammad Asif  
Published: January 2022

Objective
This study was designed to study resistance loss due to plasmid elimination under experimental conditions including withdrawal of antibiotics and administration of starvation conditions.
Methodology
This experimental study was conducted at Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, from September 2019 to December 2019. A single sensitive clinical isolate of Escherichia coli, showing resistance towards ampicillin was collected and separately sub-cultured in three different culture broths: tryptic soya broth, minimal broth and control broth for a period of one month under standard laboratory conditions. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the strains were calculated after every 7 days to check antibiotic susceptibility.
Results
MIC value of the initial strain of E.coli measured on Day 1 was 6mg/mL and it became sensitive after continual sub-culturing in the absence of antibiotics in 21 days. Due to starvation conditions the bacterial strain exhibited sensitivity to an even lower antibiotic conc. of 1.5mg/mL on the 28th day. Bacterial growth inhibition zones determined by disc diffusion method using an ampicillin disc of 10µg/mL showed no zone of inhibition.
Conclusion
In the absence of triggering factors such as antibiotics allow the bacteria to negatively select against the defensive traits exhibiting an onset of gradual loss of resistance over a period of time. Also the unavailability of sufficient nutrients for standard bacterial growth and survival further amplifies the rate of plasmid elimination and the consequent loss of resistance.
Key-words: Antibiotic resistance, Plasmid elimination, Antibiotic withdrawal, Resistance loss, Starvation conditions.
Food Handling Practice of Culinary Merchants in Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Limbardon Patrick , Lubis Nenni Dwi Aprianti , Amelia Rina , Amelia Sri 
Published: January 2022

Indonesian Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) estimates that over 20 million incidences of poisoning occur yearly in Indonesia. In 2019, food poisoning was the cause of 17 out of 154 poisoning incidents in Medan. This study aims to picturize food safety practice among food handlers at culinary merchants. Using a descriptive, cross-sectional study, a total of 52 samples were given a survey with a total of 35 questions regarding characteristic of samples, food safety knowledge, food management attitude, and food management practice. The data collected were 73,1 % the food-handlers had average knowledge level of food safety, 92.3% had a good attitude in food management, 53,8% had average level of food management practice, and 51.9% had a good behavior in food management. There are still chances for cross contamination to occurs. In order to ensure the safety of sold products, food handling training and rules should be prioritized and advocated.
If a Lion Eats Him...
Authors: Spada Gabriella 
Published: January 2022

This article, starting from the analysis of the expression “if a lion kills/eats him” (i.e., a slave received on pledge), which appears in a limited number of surety contracts in the archive of the famous Balaĝunamḫe of Larsa (1829–1792 BC), gives a brief overview of the threat that lions posed not only to livestock but also to human beings in second-millennium Mesopotamia. Letters and administrative documents inform us of attacks on animals and, more rarely, even people. By contrast, collections of laws and legal principles seem to deal exclusively with problems arising from lions attacking domestic animals, without any mention of attacks on humans. In the light of this brief investigation, the author concludes that the expression “if a lion kills/eats him” must be considered a
unicum, since it is not found in any other real-life or school contract. She assumes that the scribe decided to add this formula to the liability clause of Balaĝunamḫe’s surety contracts in order to cover as many scenarios as possible, including the chance of being eaten by a lion, clearly representing an event of force majeure.
Pengaruh Servqual Terhadap Akuntabilitas Masjid Di Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Yusran Muhammad Yusran , Jumardi Jumardi 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to analyze the accountability of mosques based on the quality of service to the community during the Covid 19 pandemic in West Sulawesi Province. The study used a quantitative approach with the purposive sampling technique which was analyzed by multiple regression. Data were obtained using a questionnaire with 188 respondents. The results showed that the servqual variables Professional Skill (X1), Attitudes and Behavior (X2), Accessibility and Flexibility (X3), Realiability and Trustworthiness (X4), Reputation and Credibility (X6) had a significant influence on mosque accountability. Simultaneously, all servqual variables have a significant effect on mosque accountability. While the variable Servqual Recovery (X5) does not have a significant effect on the accountability of the mosque. This is due to the health financial aspect, many administrators or community leaders and the surrounding environment neglect to implement strict health protocols. Many people tend to ignore health prevention and control standards during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Key Word: Mosque Accountability, Servqual, Covid 19 Pandemic
“To see ourselves as others see us”: Post-primary school students’ drawings of scientists before and after participation in a career orientation programme
Authors: Stapleton Aimee , McHugh Martin , Childs Peter E , Hayes Sarah 
Published: January 2022

The stereotypical image of a scientist has negative consequences in terms of promoting a perception of scientists and relevant careers that is both positive and realistic. This study employs a modified Draw a Scientist Test (DAST) to investigate the perceptions held by post-primary school students in Ireland about scientists and their work. Participants completed the DAST before and after partaking in a Career Orientation Programme that aimed to promote careers in science and portray scientists and their working life realistically. After completing the programme, participants’ drawings were less stereotypical, with fewer images of male scientist working alone. Drawings also reflected activities the participants did throughout the programme, suggesting that first-hand experience can broaden perceptions of scientific careers.
PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PICTURE AND PICTURE PADA SISWA KELAS II SDN 2 DASAN LEKONG KECAMATAN SUKAMULIA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2020/2021
Authors: FATIMAH SITI 
Published: January 2022

This Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted with the aim of knowing the improvement of Indonesian language learning achievement in poetry material through the application of the picture and picture learning model to Class II students at SDN 2 Dasan Lekong for the 2020/2021 academic year. This Classroom Action Research (CAR) was carried out in stages 2 cycles, and from the results of the actions that have been carried out it is proven to be able to improve student learning outcomes/achievements both in terms of classical student learning completeness, namely in the first cycle of 65%, it can increase to 90% in the first cycle. cycle II as well as in terms of the average value of the evaluation results, namely in the first cycle of How much to How much in the second cycle, this means that there is an increase of 25%. From the results of this classroom action research, it also showed an increase in the level of student learning activity from 3.2 quite active categories in the first cycle to 4.1 active categories, meaning there was an increase.
ABSTRAKPenelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) ini dilakukan dengan tujuan adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan Prestasi belajar bahasa Indonesia materi puisi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran picture and picture pada siswa Kelas II di SDN 2 Dasan Lekong Tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ( PTK ) ini dilakukan dalam tahapan 2 siklus, dan dari hasil tindakan yang sudah dilakukan terbukti dapat meningkatkan hasil/prestasi belajar siswa baik dari segi ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal yaitu pada siklus I sebesar 65%, dapat meningkat menjadi 90 % pada siklus II maupun dari segi nilai rata-rata hasil evaluasi yakni pada siklus I sebesar Berapa menjadi Berapa pada siklus II, ini berarti ada peningkatan sebesar 25 %. Dari hasil penelitian tindakan kelas ini juga menunjukkan adanya peningkatan tingkat aktivitas belajar siswa dari 3,2 kategori Cukup Aktif pada siklus I menjadi 4,1 kategori Aktif, berarti ada peningkatan.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL STAD MASA COVID-19 PADA SISWA SDN 1 MAMBEN DAYA KECAMATAN WANASABA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2020-2021
Authors: HURUL’IN HURUL’IN 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to improve mathematics learning outcomes through the application of the STAD MASA Covid-19 Model to students of SDN 1 Mamben Daya, Wanasaba District, 2020-2021 Academic Year. This research method is CAR (Classroom Action Research). The subjects of the study were grade III students of SD Negeri 1 Mamben Daya, Wanasaba district, East Lombok district, for the 2020/2021 academic year, totaling 12 students and consisting of 3 male students and 9 female students with an average age of 9 years, due to the Covid-19 period. so that the research subjects were taken 12 students. Based on the results of data analysis in each cycle, it appears that the results from cycle I to cycle II have increased. In the implementation of learning and the results of the first cycle of data analysis, for student activities an average score of 3.2 was obtained and student activities in the second cycle obtained an average grade of 3.9. So it can be concluded that. the application of the STAD method can improve mathematics learning outcomes in mas COVID-19 third grade students at SDN 1 Mamben Daya for the 2020/2021 academic year.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Matematika melalui penerapan Model STAD MASA Covid-19 pada siswa SDN 1 Mamben Daya Kecamatan Wanasaba Tahun Pelajaran 2020-2021. Metode penelitian ini adalah PTK (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas). Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas III SD Negeri 1 Mamben Daya kecamatan Wanasaba kabupaten Lombok Timur tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 yang berjumlah 12 siswa dan terdiri atas 3 siswa laki-laki dan 9 siswa perempuan dengan usia rata-rata 9 tahun, karena masa covid-19 sehingga subyek penelitian diambil 12 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data pada tiap siklus, terlihat bahwa hasil dari siklus I ke siklus II mengalami peningkatan. Pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran dan hasil analisis data siklus I, untuk aktivitas siswa diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 3,2 dan aktivitas siswa pada siklus II diperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas sebesar 3,9. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa. penerapan metode STAD dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika pada mas COVID-19 siswa kelas III SDN 1 Mamben Daya Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021.