bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
Authors: Kaniewska Magdalena , Lewandowski Konrad , Szydlarska Dorota , Rydzewska Grazyna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is likely to have an impact on sexual function because of its symptoms like diarrhea, fatigue and abdominal pain. The impact of the disease on sexuality and intimacy is one of the main concerns of IBD patients but there is still limited data on sexual (SD) and erectile dysfunction (ED) and its determinants in IBD.

AIM OF THE STUDY
This study aimed to evaluate sexual function and search for predictors of sexual dysfunction among patients with IBD during biological treatment.

METHODS
This was a prospective, one center study enrolled a cohort of 135 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) treated with biological treatment on the basis of the same inclusion criteria (CDAI&gt;300 for CD, Total Mayo score&gt;6 for CU). All IBD patients were invited to fill an anonymous validated questionnaire on their sexual function: Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) or International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) and one question about how bowel problem limited sexual activity during the last 2 weeks from Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ).

RESULTS
Both groups of patients (CD and CU) considered for sexual function were treated with anti -TNF alfa agents. GKS were more frequent among females (24/68, 35%) than males (12/67, 18%), p = 0.037. Comorbidities index was also higher in females (31/68, 46% vs. 17/67, 25%), p = 0.023. In the entire study group SD occurred in 43,7% of patients, in comparable value of men and women (p =0,536). We didn’t demonstrate a relationship between the duration of IBD, taken drugs (GKS, immunosuppressants) and calprotectin levels and the results of the FSFI and IIEF-5 questionnaires. Self-assessment of limitation by disease (IBDQ) was significantly worse for females, than for men p &lt; 0.001. There was a significant correlation between self-assessment of limitation by disease and IIEF-5 (p&lt;0.001) and FSFI (p&lt;0.001) scores in CU and CD patients.

CONCLUSIONS
According to our study SD and ED were mainly associated with psychological factors, the severity of the disease had no effect on them. The type of medication used to treat the underlying disease has no impact on the development of sexual dysfunction.
BIOLOGIC PRECISION DOSING IS NOW AVAILABLE AT THE BEDSIDE FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE RECEIVING INFLIXIMAB
Authors: Minar Phillip , Samuels Abigail , Mizuno Tomoyuki , Menke Frank , Vogt Aaron , Punt Nieko , Vinks Alexander 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
There is significant variability in infliximab (IFX) pharmacokinetics (PK) in children and adults with multiple population PK models developed and several covariates identified to better predict drug clearance. Fortunately, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is widely available and can be used to simplify model-informed precision dosing. However, empiric (“trial and error”) dose intensifications following TDM to achieve targeted levels can delay obtaining an optimal drug exposure and is a risk for super-therapeutic levels. In this study, we highlight the formal processes to create a clinical decision support tool (CDST) for IFX and assess the physician usability of the novel CDST.

METHODS
The development team included a PK software consultant, pharmacologists, pediatric gastroenterologists, nurses, software architects, and a human factor engineering firm (Pomiet, Dayton, OH). CDST development occurred in 4 distinct phases (sprints). Design sprints started with structured interviews with key stakeholders and finished with the creation of CDST wireframes (prototypes). Physician usability was assessed with the System Usability Scale (SUS)1 at 3 timepoints.

RESULTS
CDST design sprints included in-person interviews with 11 unique health care providers (8 physicians) over 26 sessions. During Phase I, clinicians noted current practices and systems to dose optimize biologics are “cumbersome” and “not user-friendly” as key patient data to make informed decisions are in disparate locations within the electronic medical record (EMR). From Phase I to Phase IV, the design team used the wireframes for user feedback, made changes and developed the final CDST, RoadMABTM. Next, information services (IS) personnel integrated the CDST within the EMR. Patient data extraction occurs with a Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) launch and produces an embedded browser within EMR. Additionally, our team created a standalone replica of the EMR CDST that is secured by Microsoft Azure and hosted by Amazon Web Services. Our precision dosing CDST is supported by PK software that incorporates past IFX administrations and laboratory results (covariates and drug concentrations), conducts Bayesian PK estimation using the selected population PK model and displays the past and predicted concentration-time profiles (Figure 1A). In order to simplify precision dosing during IFX induction, we also created the New Start Wizard within RoadMABTM. Finally, The SUS was administered at three timepoints with a minimum of 2 new physicians at each session. Physician clinical experience is presented in Table1. By the completion of RoadMABTM, the final mean (SD) SUS was 86.5/100 (15.2, Figure 1B).

CONCLUSION
Our team has created a usable CDST for IFX that is now integrated within the EMR and available as a web portal for bedside (point-of-care) precision dosing.
BIOLOGICAL THERAPY AND POST-OPERATIVE OUTCOMES IN CROHN’S DISEASE PATIENTS UNDERGOING REPEAT ILEOCOLIC RESECTION
Authors: Horesh Nir , Freund Michael , Garoufalia Zoe , Gefen Rachel , Zhang David , Smith Timothy , Wexner Steven 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To assess the surgical outcome in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients undergoing repeat ileocolic resection treated with biologic therapy prior to the surgical intervention.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis of a prospective database including all CD patients who underwent repeat ileocolic resection between 2011 and 2021 was conducted. Patients were divided into two groups: patients treated with biologic therapy prior to surgery and controls. Clinical, peri and post-operative data was extracted from medical records and analyzed.

RESULTS
Sixty three patients underwent repeat ileocolic resection for CD. Thirty-two patients (50.8%) were male and the mean age was 52 (range 23-82) years. The most common indication for repeat ileocolic resection was anastomotic stricture in 56 patients (88.9%). The mean time from the index ileocolic resection to the repeat surgery was 14.5 (range 1-53) years. Twenty-seven patients (42.8%) were treated with biologic therapy prior to repeat surgical intervention. No demographic differences were found between the biologic therapy group and the control group including patients’ gender (p=0.12), age (p=0.69), median American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score (p=0.56) and body mass index (BMI) (p=0.17). In addition, no differences were found in mean time from the index ileocolic resection (p=0.69), indication for surgery (p=0.22) and pre-operative albumin (p=0.39). Thirty-eight patients (60.3%) underwent repeat ileocolic resection using a laparoscopic approach, with a mean operative time of 225 (range 121-386) minutes. In 19 patients (30.1%) a fistula was identified, while an abscess was seen and drained intra-operatively in 5 patients (7.9%). Overall, the post-operative complication rate was 44.5% (28 patients) and the mean length of stay was 5.7 days. Post-operative complications were found to be more common in the non-biologic therapy group compared to the biologic therapy group (55.6% vs 29.7%, respectively; p=0.04). Conversion rate from a laparoscopic to an open approach was slightly higher in the biologic therapy group compared to the biologic therapy group (40% vs 26.1%, respectively; p=0.36) although it did not amount to a statistical significance. Operative time (226 vs. 225 minutes; p=0.92), mean length of stay (5.1 vs. 6.1 days; p=0.18) and readmission rate (16.6% vs. 11.1%; p=0.72) were similar between the two groups. Multivariate analysis of risk factors for post-operative complications showed that only prior biologic treatment was correlated with a lower risk (HR -0.28, CI 95% -0.5596 to -0.01898; p = 0.03).

CONCLUSION
In our series, patients treated with biologic therapy for CD who underwent repeat ileocolic resection had fewer post-operative complications.
Distribution of Triatoma dimidiata sensu lato (Reduviidae: Triatominae) and Risk Factors Associated with Household Invasion in Northern Belize, Central America
Authors: Caranci Angela T , Grieco John P , Achee Nicole L , Hoel David F , Bautista Kim , King Russell , Stewart V Ann , Murphy Jittawadee , Masuoka Penny , Olsen Cara H 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To date, Triatoma dimidiata sensu lato [Reduviidae: Triatominae (Latreille 1811)] remains the sole vector species associated with Chagas disease transmission reported from Belize. Human infection data are limited for Belize and the disease transmission dynamics have not been thoroughly investigated, yet the likelihood of autochthonous transmission is supported by the widespread collection of infected vectors from within local households. Here, we report updated infection rates of the vector population and infestation rates for villages in north and central Belize. Overall, 275 households were enrolled in an ongoing vector surveillance program. Of the 41 insects collected, 25 were PCR positive for T. cruzi, indicating an infection rate as high as 60%. To further characterize the epidemiological risk of human–vector contact, determinants of household invasion were modeled. Local households were surveyed and characterized with respect to over 25 key factors that may be associated with household infestation by T. dimidiata s.l. While final models were not strongly predictive with respect to the risk factors that were surveyed, likely due to the low number of collection observations, the presence of domestic/peri-domestic dogs, nearby light sources, and household structure materials could be the focus of continued risk assessments. In northern Belize, this vector survey lends support to T. dimidiata s.l. inhabiting sylvatic settings as opposed to the classical paradigm of domiciliated vector populations. This designation has strong implications for the local level of human exposure risk which can help guide vector surveillance and control resources.
Recognizing Moyamoya Disease in a Soldier With Recurrent Cerebrovascular Symptoms
Authors: Jeong Paul S 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Moyamoya is a rare and progressive cerebrovascular disease involving collateral small vessel formation associated with intracranial artery narrowing. It is a disease that frequently presents with stroke and transient ischemic attacks and has potential to affect our active duty service members and their families with its bimodal age of onset of 10 and 40. This case report describes a soldier with moyamoya whose diagnosis was unrecognized for over a year after seeing multiple medical providers regarding his symptoms. The goal of this case report is to raise vigilance for this disease as it can cause significant morbidity and mortality with mental decline, recurrent strokes, and death without timely surgery.
The SENSOR System: Using Standardized Data Entry and Dashboards for Review of Scientific Studies Using the Clinical Applications of Psychedelics as an Illustration
Authors: Kamal Latifah , Godsell Major Pauline , Mulligan Bryce , Eberspaecher Stefan , Myint Danny , Besemann LCol Markus , Minerbi Amir , Gupta Gaurav 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionLiterature reviews are useful tools for communicating the breadth of scientific discovery for a given topic. Irrespective of the nature of the review, data should be communicated in effective, easy to understand ways. In trying to address these limitations of traditional scientific reviews, we propose using dynamic data driven displays that have been used in multiple other industries to improve communication and decision making. Given the recent interest in the clinical applications of psychedelics for various mental health issues, we chose to test the SENSOR System (Standardized Data Entry and Dashboards for Review of Scientific Studies) as an alternative for an existing review article.MethodsTo validate the SENSOR System, an existing review with a topical, heterogenous, and growing set of studies was selected. In this case we chose the Wheeler et al. review on psychedelics in clinical practice where articles had already been preselected and reviewed. Detailed discussion of this review and the cited papers preceded designing the content and shared links for a Google Form for data intake, Google Drive for article access, and Google Sheets linked to the form intake data.ResultsA total of 46 study entries were made by 2 team members, including 3 articles published since the review to demonstrate the ease of updating the system Various representations of the Google Forms intake data in the SENSOR System dashboard are presented.DiscussionVisual representation of review studies using a dashboard proved feasible and advantageous for numerous reasons. As the technology and guidelines for these systems evolve there is an opportunity to standardize reporting, centralize legacy datasets, streamline the submission process, improve collaboration between researchers, measure relative contribution of participating authors, and improve patient involvement. For the use case of clinical applications of psychedelics, limitations of conveying data accurately includes heterogeneity of study design, dosing, indications, and outcome measures.ConclusionCreation of a system for standardized data entry and dashboards for reviews of scientific studies is a feasible alternative and/or adjunct to the dissemination of summaries through traditional scientific review. There are numerous proposed advantages of the flexible, dynamic, and graphical display that requires further validation.
Thyroid hormone axis and anthropometric recovery of children/adolescents with overweight/obesity: a scoping review
Authors: Urrea Carlos Ramos , Pedroso Amanda Paula , Thomazini Fernanda , do Carmo Andreia Cristina Feitosa , Telles Mônica Marques , Sawaya Ana Lydia , Pinho Franco Maria do Carmo , Ribeiro Eliane Beraldi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThyroid hormones play multiple physiological effects essential for the maintenance of basal metabolic rate (BMR), adaptive thermogenesis, fat metabolism, and appetite. The links between obesity and the hormones of the thyroid axis, i.e., triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and thyrotropin (TSH), are still controversial, especially when considering children and adolescents. This population has high rates of overweight and obesity and several treatment approaches, including nutritional, psychological, and physical exercise interventions have been used. Understanding the importance of the hormones of the thyroid axis in the recovery from overweight and obesity may help directing measures to the maintenance of a healthy body composition. The present scoping review was carried out to analyze studies evaluating these hormonal levels throughout interventions directed at treating overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. The main purpose was to ascertain whether the hormones levels vary during weight loss. We selected for analysis 16 studies published between 1999 and 2019. Most of the studies showed that the changes in body composition parameters in response to the multidisciplinary interventions correlated positively with free T3 (fT3)/ total T3 (TT3)/TSH. With respect to free T4 (fT4)/ total T4 (TT4), the most common finding was of unchanged levels and hence, no significant association with weight loss. Importantly, the response to the intervention has even been found to not be affected by fT4 supplementation. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the relevance of the variations in hormone levels to the establishment of overweight/obesity and to the recovery from these conditions in children/adolescents.
Elevated COVID-19 Case Rates of Government Employees, District of Columbia, 2020-22
Authors: Hua Xinyi , Yin Jingjing , Fung Isaac C. H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe rate ratios of COVID-19 cases among 5 District of Columbia departments’ personnel with reference to D.C. residents were found greater than one from March 2020 to early January 2022, suggesting higher case rates for emergency responders and frontline personnel than for general population. Vaccination is highly recommended.Article summary lineGovernment employees from five D.C. departments, especially fire fighters and police officers, experienced higher COVID-19 case rates than D.C. residents.
Outcomes of the Advanced Visualization In Corneal Surgery Evaluation (ADVISE) trial; a non-inferiority randomized control trial to evaluate the use of intraoperative OCT during Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty
Authors: Muijzer Marc B , Delbeke H. , Dickman M.M. , Nuijts R.M.M.A. , Noordmans H.J. , Imhof S.M. , Wisse Robert P L 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate if an intraoperative OCT (iOCT) optimized surgical protocol without prolonged overpressure is non-inferior to a standard protocol during Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).DesignA multicenter international prospective non-inferiority randomized control trialSubjectsSixty-five pseudophakic eyes of 65 patients with corneal endothelial dysfunction resulting from Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy were enrolled in 3 corneal centers in The Netherlands and Belgium.MethodsThe study was powered to include 63 patients scheduled for routine DMEK. Subjects were randomized to the control arm (n=33) without iOCT-use and raising the intraocular pressure above normal physiological limits for 8 minutes (i.e., overpressure) or the intervention arm (n=32) with OCT-guidance to assess graft orientation and adherence while refraining from prolonged raising the intraocular pressure. The RD and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated from a logistic regression model using 1,000 bootstrap samples. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of graft detachment, surgeon-reported iOCT-aided surgical decision making, surgical time, endothelial cell density (ECD), and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA).Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative surgery-related adverse events, defined as rebubbling, graft failure, and iatrogenic acute glaucoma. The non-inferiority margin was set at a risk difference (RD) of 10%.ResultsIn the control group, 13 adverse events were recorded in 10 subjects compared to 13 adverse events in 12 subjects in the intervention group. The mean unadjusted RD measured 0.38% (95%CI: - 9.64–10.64) and the RD adjusted for study site measured -0.32% (95%CI: -10.29–9.84). No significant differences in ECD and CDVA were found between the two groups 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Surgeons reported that iOCT aided surgical decision-making in 40% of cases. Surgical- and graft unfolding time were, respectively, 13% and 27% shorter in the iOCT-group.ConclusionsiOCT-guided DMEK surgery with refraining from prolonged over-pressuring was non-inferior compared to conventional treatment. Surgery times were reduced considerably, and surgeons reported the iOCT aided surgical decision-making in 40% of cases. Refraining from prolonged overpressure did not affect postoperative ECD or CDVA.
Protocol for a Systematic Review to validate or not, the philosophic explanation under the mechanism of action of the Tension Band Wiring to estabilizase an Olecranon fracture
Authors: Barcia Sergio , Boretto Jorge 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOlecranon fractures in young people are commonly treated surgically. When a transverse pattern is presented the most used method to fix the fracture is the Tension Band Wiring. The AO Foundation proposed a theory for the mechanism of action of this device. It could transform the tensile forces on the posterior side into compression forces on the joint side during flexion of the elbow. Our objective is to systematically review the available literature in order to confirm or not this hypothesis.We will include biomedical research studies evaluating Tension Band Wiring function. We are planning to search on Medline, Embase and other sources including grey literature. The studies will be selected and the data extracted. Results will include a descriptive analysis and a meta-analysis to compare the observed compression force before and after the flexion of the elbow.Our findings will be discussed having in mind the potentially clinical implications of results.
Human influenza virus infection elicits distinct patterns of monocyte and dendritic cell mobilization in blood and the nasopharynx
Authors: Vangeti S. , Falck-Jones S. , Yu M. , Österberg B. , Liu S. , Asghar M. , Sondén K. , Albert J. , Johansson N. , Färnert A. , Smed-Sörensen A. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTDuring respiratory viral infections, the precise roles of monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) in the nasopharynx in limiting infection and influencing disease severity are incompletely described. We studied circulating and nasopharyngeal monocytes and DCs in healthy individuals and in patients with mild respiratory infections (primarily influenza A virus, IAV). As compared to healthy controls (HCs), patients with acute IAV infection displayed reduced DC but increased intermediate monocytes frequencies in blood, and an accumulation of most monocyte and DC subsets in the nasopharynx. IAV patients had more mature monocytes and DCs in the nasopharynx, and higher levels of TNFα, IL-6 and IFNα in plasma and the nasopharynx. In blood, monocytes, the most frequent cellular source of TNFα during IAV infection, remained responsive to additional stimulation with TLR7/8L. Immune responses in older patients skewed towards increased monocytes rather than DCs suggesting a contributory role for monocytes in disease severity. In patients with other respiratory virus infections, we observed changes in monocyte and DC frequencies in the nasopharynx distinct from IAV patients, while differences in blood were more similar across patient groups. Together, our findings demonstrate tissue-specific and pathogen-specific patterns of monocyte and DC function during human respiratory viral infections and highlight the importance of comparative investigations in blood and the nasopharynx.