bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the mechanisms of lysis triggered by perturbations of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis
Authors: Kawai Yoshikazu , Kawai Maki , Mackenzie Eilidh , Kepplinger Bernhard , Waldron Kevin , Errington Jeff 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cell wall synthesis is an essential function for the growth of almost all bacteria, and a major target for our most effective antibiotics. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis by antibiotics such as β-lactams is thought to cause explosive lysis through loss of cell wall integrity. However, recent studies on a wide range of bacteria have suggested that these antibiotics also perturb central carbon metabolism, contributing to death via oxidative damage. We have genetically dissected this connection in Bacillus subtilis and identified key enzymatic steps in upstream and downstream pathways that stimulate the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through cellular respiration. Our results also reveal the critical role of iron homeostasis for the ROS-mediated lethal effects, through iron-dependent enhancement of lipid peroxidation when cell wall synthesis is perturbed. Unexpectedly, we found that protection of cells from ROS via a recently discovered siderophore-like compound uncoupled changes in cell morphology normally associated with cell death, from lysis as usually judged by a phase pale microscopic appearance. Phase paling appears to be specifically associated with lipid peroxidation, presumably the result of membrane destabilization. Finally, we provide a new view of the differentiated roles of the widely conserved Rod and aPBP mechanisms of bacterial cell wall synthesis.
The role of online news sentiment in carbon price prediction of China’s carbon markets
Authors: Liu Muyan , Ying Qianwei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Carbon trading as a vital tool to reduce carbon dioxide emissions has developed rapidly in recent years. Reasonable prediction of the carbon price can improve the risk management in the carbon trading market and make healthy development of the carbon trading market. This paper aims to enhance the predictive performance of carbon price in the China‘s carbon markets, especially the China’s national carbon market, by adding the online news sentiment index which is a kind of unconstructed data, to a deep learning model using traditionally constructed predictors innovatively. Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network was applied as the primary model to predict carbon price and Random Forest as the additional experiment to validate the effectiveness of online news sentiment. The results in the China’s national carbon market and Hubei pilot carbon market both proved that the model including the sentiment index performed better than the model does not, and the improvement was significant.
A review of the application of the Macroinvertebrate-based Multimetric Index (MMI) for water quality monitoring in lakes
Authors: Ndatimana Gilbert , Nantege Diana , Arimoro Francis O. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The increasing stress on lake ecosystems is affecting their functioning such as providing goods and services to inhabiting organisms and riparian communities. Monitoring of water quality is important for sustainable management and restoration of lake ecosystems. However, the costs associated with traditional approaches have become prohibitive while not giving reliable early warning signals on resource conditions. Therefore, the current shift in the use of bioindicators and multimetric indices (MMIs) in the monitoring of water quality is currently gaining global recognition with more emphasis on its application in lotic ecosystems. Therefore, this paper provides an elaborated insight into the application of macroinvertebrate-based MMIs in lentic ecosystems and the successes achieved so far. The various metrics and indices, the development strategies, application challenges, the use of macroinvertebrates as bioindicators, and the future projection of enhancing MMI usage in lentic environment monitoring particularly in developing countries are extensively covered. The use of MMI as a rapid lake biomonitoring tool needs to be adopted for sustainable applications in lake ecosystem management and as an integrated approach to monitoring human-induced stress especially in developing countries where there is a paucity of information.
Climate change implications for the Arafura and Timor Seas region: Assessing vulnerability of marine systems to inform management and conservation
Authors: Johnson Johanna E , Welch David J , Hooidonk Ruben van , Tracey Dieter , Chandrasa Ganesha , Molinari Bianca , Triani Deti , Tania Casandra , Susanto Handoko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Arafura and Timor Seas (ATS) region is shared by Indonesia, Timor Leste, Australia, and Papua New Guinea (PNG), and is at the intersection of the Pacific and Indian oceans. High coastal population densities, degraded habitats, overexploited fisheries, low profile coasts, shallow continental shelves and macro-tidal conditions mean that coastal and marine environments in the region are currently facing multiple pressures. Climate change is expected to exacerbate these pressures and have profound effects on the status and distribution of coastal and marine habitats, the fish and invertebrates they support and, as a consequence, dependent communities and industries. Downscaled climate change projections for 2041–2070 for air and sea temperature, ocean chemistry and rainfall were modelled to provide spatially relevant regional and local data for a structured semi-quantitative vulnerability assessment. Results of the assessment were spatially variable and identified shallow coral reefs as highly vulnerable, particularly in the Timor Leste and Indonesia-Arafura sub-regions. Seagrass meadows were most vulnerable in the Gulf of Carpentaria, Indonesia-Arafura, and Timor Leste sub-regions. Mangroves and estuarine habitats were most vulnerable in Timor Leste and Western PNG sub-regions. Drivers of vulnerability include poor habitat condition, non-climate pressures, low connectivity, and limited formal management. Marine species vulnerability was also spatially variable, with highly vulnerable and priority species identified for each sub-region, including finfish and marine invertebrates. A key driver of species vulnerability was their stock status, with many species in Timor Leste, Western PNG and Indonesia, and several in northern Australia, overfished or potentially overfished. Limited management in some sub-regions, as well as non-climate pressures such as habitat decline, poor water quality and illegal, unregulated and unreported fishing were also key drivers. Species of conservation interest (dugong and marine turtles) were also highly vulnerable to climate change, driven by their threatened status and the fact that they are low productivity species that take years to recover from impacts. Priority species and habitats for local action were identified, and current pressures that undermine condition and/or resilience, with strategic recommendations aimed at minimising climate change vulnerability.
Glucose oxidase exerts protective effects against Salmonella typhimurium infection by regulating the intestinal structure, immune response and cecal microbiota in murine
Authors: WANG Yuanyuan , WANG Yibing , WANG Baikui , ZHOU Yuanhao , Zhan Xiuan , YAO Bin , Li Weifen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOD), an aerobic dehydrogenase, specifically catalyzes the oxidation of β-D-glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide, which are harmful to pathogenic bacteria but promoting the survival of beneficial bacteria in the intestine. Meanwhile, the increased antibiotic resistance induced by Salmonella typhimurium (ST) infections has amplified the need for development of novel therapeutic agents. As such, GOD may play an important role in controlling ST infections. To investigate the effects of GOD against ST infection, mice were pretreated with gentamicin (GM; positive control), GOD, or sterile water (negative control) and, four weeks later, challenged with ST or phosphate-buffered saline. Three days after infection, mice were sacrificed and samples were collected. In the present study, pretreatment with GOD or GM attenuated ST-induced body weight loss and mortality. Moreover, ST infection increased the intestinal damage, apoptosis in liver, inflammatory response in the colon and serum, which were reversed by GOD pretreatment. Sequence analysis further revealed that the gut bacterial community composition in mice pretreated with GOD was similar to that of the control group. Collectively, these findings indicate that GOD attenuates ST-induced negative effects by modulating intestinal barrier function, cytokine secretion, and intestinal microbiota composition in mice.
Presenting the Model of Ecological Resilience in Hyrcanian Forests by Combining Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory Methods and System Dynamics
Authors: Hajbabaie Mahdyeh , Jozi Seyed Ali , Farsad Forough , Kiadaliri Hadi , Gharagozlou Alireza 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present study aims to assess the resilience in Hyrcanian forests. To this aim, Navroud-Assalem watershed was selected due to its special environmental characteristics and access to relatively acceptable information on a wide scale. In order to model the resilience, appropriate indices influencing the resilience in Hyrcanian forests were identified and selected. Then, two main criteria including biological diversity, as well as forest health and vitality, four indices including species diversity, forest type diversity, mixed stands, and the area and percentage of affected forests, and thirteen sub-indices were determined. Then, the relationship between selected indices and criteria was identified by developing a questionnaire and the decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method in addition to collecting regional information. In the next procedure, the weight of each index was estimated to enter the Vensim software using the fuzzy AHP method. All of the collected information about the variables was formulated quantitatively and mathematically and utilized in Vensim software for resilience modeling. The DEMATEL method indicated that species diversity indices and the percentage of affected forests exhibit the most influence and interaction with other factors in the system. The studied parcels with different slopes affected by the input variables are considered as resilient by maintaining the current conditions. Non-exploitation, non-infestation of pests, non-occurrence of severe fires in the region, and non-increasing livestock grazing compared to the existing situation are among the prerequisites for the resilience in the region. The results represented the resilience of the forests in the Navroud-Assalem watershed.
Variations in clinical course and surgical outcomes of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 Pandemic: A multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors: Chaves Carlos Eduardo Rey , Girón Felipe , Núñez-Rocha Ricardo E. , Benítez Elkin , Ruiz Saralia , Rodríguez Lina , Ayala Daniela , Villamil Carlos José , Galvis Valentina , Vanegas Marco , Gómez Mónica , Nassar Ricardo , Hernández Juan David , Conde Danny , Gómez María 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in the presentation and treatment of surgical pathologies. Therefore, we aim to describe the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the clinical presentation and management of acute appendicitis and its surgical outcomes.

Study design

A multicenter cohort study with prospectively collected databases. Three high-volume centers were included and all patients over 18 years of age who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis were included. Multiple logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression were performed, and odds ratio, relative risk, and B-coefficient were reported when appropriate, statistical significance was reached with p-values < 0.05.

Results

1.468 patients were included (709 in the pre-pandemic group and 759 in the COVID-19 group). Female patients constituted 51.84%. Mean age was 38.13 ± 16.96 years. Mean Alvarado's score was 7.01 ± 1.59 points. Open surgical approach was preferred in 90.12%. Conversion rate of 1.29%. Mortality rate was 0.75%. There was an increase of perforated and localized peritonitis (p 0.01) in the COVID-19 group. Presence of any postoperative complication (p 0.00), requirement of right colectomy and ileostomy (p 0.00), and mortality (p 0.04) were higher in the COVID-19 group. Patients in the pre-pandemic group have a lesser risk of mortality (OR 0.14, P 0.02, 95% CI 0.02–0.81) and a lesser relative risk of having complicated appendicitis (RR 0.68, P 0.00, 95% CI 0.54–0.86).

Conclusion

Complicated appendicitis was an unexpected consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, due to surgical consultation delay, increased rates of morbidity, associated procedures, and mortality, influencing the clinical course and surgical outcomes of patients with acute appendicitis.
Feeding hempseed cake alters the bovine gut, respiratory and reproductive microbiota
Authors: Winders Thomas , Holman Devin , Schmidt Kaycie , Luecke Sarah , Smith David , Neville Bryan , Dahlen Carl , Swanson Kendall , Amat Samat 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A growing number of studies have investigated the feasibility of utilizing hemp by-products as livestock feedstuffs; however, their impact on livestock microbiomes remains unexplored. Here, we evaluated the effects of feeding hempseed cake on the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive microbiota in beef heifers. Angus-crossbred heifers (19-months old) were fed a corn-based finishing diet containing 20% hempseed cake as a substitute for 20% corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DM basis; Control; n = 16/group) for 111 days until slaughter. Ruminal fluid and deep nasopharyngeal swabs (days 0, 7, 42, 70 and 98), and vaginal and uterine swabs (at slaughter) were collected, and the microbiota assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Diet affected the community structure of the ruminal (d7– 98; 0.06 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.12; P < 0.05), nasopharyngeal (d 98; R2 = 0.18; P < 0.001), and vaginal (R2 = 0.06; P < 0.01) microbiota. Heifers fed hempseed cake had increased microbial diversity in the rumen, reduced microbial richness in the vagina, and greater microbial diversity and richness in the uterus. In addition to the distinct microbial communities in the rumen, nasopharynx, vagina and uterus, we identified 28 core taxa that were shared (≥ 60% of all samples) across these sampling locations. Feeding hempseed cake appeared to alter the bovine gut, respiratory and reproductive microbiota. Our findings also highlight the need for research evaluating the impact of hemp-associated food and personal care products on the human microbiome.
Tailoring Renal Clearable Zwitterionic Cyclodextrin for Colorectal Cancer-Selective Drug Delivery
Authors: Baek Min-Jun , Nguyen Duy-Thuc , Kim Dahan , Yoo So-Yeol , Lee Sang Min , Lee Jae-Young , Kim Dae-Duk 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough cyclodextrin (CD)-based renal-clearable nanocarriers have a high potential for clinical translation in targeted cancer therapy, their optimal designs for enhanced tumor retention and reduced off-target accumulation have rarely been proposed. Herein, we present a delicately tailored structure of a renal-clearable zwitterionic CD, hepatkis-(6-deoxy-6-((phenylboronic acid-tetraethyleneglycol-l-glutamic acid Nα-sulfobetaine)-octaethyleneglycol-caproamide))-β-cyclodextrin (PBA-(ZW)-CD), for colorectal cancer (CRC)-selective drug delivery. Twenty CD derivatives with different charged moieties and spacers are synthesized and screened for colloidal stability. The resulting five candidates are complexed with adamantyl sulfocyanine 7 and evaluated for biodistribution. PBA-(ZW)-CD, the optimized structure, displays a high tumor-to-background ratio of 3.7–4.1. PBA-(ZW)-CD inclusion complexes of doxorubicin and ulixertinib are fabricated, and their enhanced tumor accumulation (vs. free doxorubicin, 2.0-folds; vs. free ulixertinib, 2.1-folds), facilitated elimination (vs. free doxorubicin, 15.2 and 0.0% remaining in the heart and muscles, respectively; vs. free ulixertinib, 17.7 and 7.4% in the liver and kidneys, respectively), and tumor penetration comparable to those of free drugs are verifiedviamass-spectrometric quantitation and imaging. The improved antitumor efficacy of PBA-(ZW)-CD/drug combination therapy is demonstrated in heterotopic and orthotopic CRC models (vs. free drug combination, tumor size reduction by 52.0 and 76.2%, respectively), suggesting that PBA-(ZW)-CD can be used as a promising CRC-targeted nanoplatform.
Inequity of antenatal influenza and pertussis vaccine coverage in Australia: The Links2HealthierBubs record linkage cohort study, 2012-2017
Authors: McHugh Lisa , Regan Annette K , Sarna Mohinder , Moore Hannah C , Buynder Paul , Pereira Gavin , Blyth Christopher C , Lust Karin , Andrews Ross M , Crooks Kristy , Massey Peter , Binks Michael J 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Pregnancy and early infancy are increased risk periods for severe adverse effects of respiratory infections. Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander (respectfully referred to as First Nations) women and children in Australia bear a disproportionately higher burden of respiratory diseases compared to non-Indigenous women and infants. Influenza vaccines and whooping cough (pertussis) vaccines are recommended and free in every Australian pregnancy to combat these infections. We aimed to assess the equity of influenza and/or pertussis vaccination in pregnancy for three priority groups in Australia: First Nations women; women from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds; and women living in remote areas or socio-economic disadvantage.
Methods
We conducted individual record linkage of Perinatal Data Collections with immunisation registers/databases between 2012–2017. Analysis included generalised linear mixed model, log-binomial regression with a random intercept for the unique maternal identifier to account for clustering, presented as prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% compatibility intervals (95%CI).
Results
There were 445,590 individual women in the final cohort. Compared with other Australian women (n = 322,848), First Nations women (n = 29,181) were less likely to have received both recommended antenatal vaccines (PR 0.69, 95% CI 0.67–0.71) whereas women from CALD backgrounds (n = 93,561) were more likely to have (PR 1.16, 95% CI 1.10–1.13). Women living in remote areas were less likely to have received both vaccines (PR 0.75, 95% CI 0.72–0.78), and women living in the highest areas of advantage were more likely to have received both vaccines (PR 1.44, 95% CI 1.40–1.48).
Conclusions
Compared to other groups, First Nations Australian families, those living in remote areas and/or families from lower socio-economic backgrounds did not receive recommended vaccinations during pregnancy that are the benchmark of equitable healthcare. Addressing these barriers must remain a core priority for Australian health care systems and vaccine providers. An extension of this cohort is necessary to reassess these study findings.
Effects of age-related changes in trunk and lower limb coordination on gait
Authors: Zhai Meiling , Huang Yongchao , Zhou Shi , Jin Yahong , Feng Jiayun , Pei Chaolei , Wen Li 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:The ability to walk is crucial for maintaining independence and a high quality of life among older adults. Although gait characteristics have been extensively studied in older adults, most studies have investigated muscle activity in the joints of the trunk or the lower limbs without assessing their coordinated interactions. Thus, the causes of altered trunk and lower limb coordination patterns and gait changes among older adults remain unknown. Therefore, this study compared the joint kinematic parameters of both the trunk and lower limbs of young versus older adults to identified key factors leading to changes in gait among older adults.Methods:In total, 64 older (32 males, aged 68.34 ± 7.38 years; 32 females, aged 67.16 ± 6.66 years) and 64 young (32 males, aged 19.44 ± 0.84 years; 32 females, aged 19.69 ± 0.86 years) healthy adults participated in this study. The range of motion (ROM) of the thorax, pelvis, and trunk in the horizontal plane and of the hip, knee, and ankle joints of the lower limbs in the sagittal plane were measured using a motion capture system with wearable sensors. Two-way analysis of variance assessed differences in ROM by age, sex, and basic gait parameters; Pearson correlation analysis assessed the coordinated patterns of the trunk and lower limbs, identifying key factors leading to gait changes in older adults.Results:Gait length, speed, and stride in young adults were greater (p < 0.001) than those in older adults, but older women displayed the fastest stride speed (p < 0.05). ROM values for the pelvis, thorax, trunk, knee joint, and ankle joint of young adults were greater (p < 0.05) than those in older adults. However, hip ROM in older adults was significantly greater than that in young adults (p < 0.05).Conclusion:With increasing age, ROM of the lower limbs, especially the ankle joint, decreased significantly, resulting in a significant decrease in gait speed. As ROM of the pelvis decreased, stride decreased significantly in older adults, who compensate through thoracic rotation. Thus, older adults should enhance muscle strength and increase ROM to improve gait patterns and quality of life.
Inactivation efficiency evaluation of four disinfectants for feline parvovirus derived from sick giant panda
Authors: Wu Lin , Yu Pei-Lun , Yang Zhisong , Li Qiang , Lan Jingchao , Luo Li , Yan Qi-Gui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Feline panleukopenia (FP) is a highly contagious acute infectious disease caused by feline parvovirus (FPV). Parvovirus has a wide range of hosts, can infect many carnivores, and can remain infectious in the natural environment for a long time. Giant pandas are also susceptible to parvovirus. The viral enteritis of giant pandas caused by the virus infection poses a great threat to the survival of giant pandas. Therefore, screening out effective disinfectants is of great help for giant panda feeding management.
Results
The efficacy of four disinfectants against giant panda-derived FPV by determining viral titers, viral copies and viral hemagglutination after interacting virus with different disinfectants in the same amounts was evaluated. The virus titers decreased to 0 after treatment with peracetic acid (PAA), DuPont Virkon S (Virkon S) and glutaral and deciquam solution (JM). The inhibition by PAA was finally found to be most pronounced by determining viral copies. The virus hemagglutination titers decreased by 2 titers after 2 h of PAA treatment, and the virus hemagglutination titers decreased by 1 titer after Virkon S treatment. The immunofluorescence analysis showed that the PAA could effectively kill the virus within 1 h, while the JM and Virkon S took 2 h to achieve the killing effect. PAA, Virkon S, and glutaral and JM inhibited the production of viral structural protein within 1 h.
Conclusions
In this study, through multi-faceted comparison, the most effective disinfectant could be screened out, which could be used as a prevention and control disinfectant on panda origin feline panleukopenia virus, and provide reference opinions for giant panda disease control and prevention.