bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ectopic intrathyroidal thymic tissue in an adult patient: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Moradian Sadegh , Delazar Sina , Yazdani Farzad , Mohammadzadeh Maryam 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Ectopic intrathyroidal thymic tissue is a rare diagnosis, specifically in adults. Such ectopic tissue is usually misdiagnosed as benign or malignant thyroid lesions and is mainly investigated by ultrasonography and pathologic examination.

Case presentation
We present the case of an adult 31-year-old Persian female patient with a cervical mass and no other significant medical history. The lesion had hypo- to isoechoic features on sonographic imaging, and needle aspiration examination revealed lymphoid cells suspicious of lymphoid malignancies. However, pathologic examination after resection of the lesion showed normal thymic tissue.

Conclusions
The rare entity of ectopic thymic tissue within the thyroid gland in adult patients requires meticulous examination by clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists to diagnose the condition with high accuracy and plan appropriate management.
Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of solvent fractions of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) sprout
Authors: Kim Ji Soo , Cuong Do Manh , Bae Yu Bin , Cho Somi Kim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCrude methanol extract (ME) of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) sprout was fractioned by hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water. The contents of total polyphenols (19.89 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (10.06 mg RE/g) were significantly higher in the butanol fraction (BF) than in the other fractions. The BF showed the highest DPPH (EC50 = 0.524 mg/mL) and ABTS (EC50 = 0.180 mg/mL) radical scavenging activities. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of crude ME showed that the most abundant phenolic compounds were rutin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, catechin, and p-coumaric acid. The contents of quercetin, chlorogenic acid and p-coumaric acid were higher in the ethyl acetate fraction (EF) and BF than in the other fractions. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compound contents were correlated, suggesting that phenolics were responsible for the antioxidant activity. The hexane fraction (HF) and chloroform fraction (CF) decreased the viability of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), and the CF had the highest antiproliferative activity (IC50 = 69.47 mg/mL). The CF also suppressed the stemness characteristics of BCSCs and induced apoptotic cell death. The most abundant characteristic peak in CF was identified as oleic acid (area = 35.05%) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Therefore, the broccoli sprout BF contained high levels of phenolic compounds that contributed to its antioxidant activity, and CF had a marked anti-proliferative effect on BCSCs.
Specially designed and CAD/CAM manufactured allogeneic bone blocks using for augmentation of a highly atrophic maxilla show a stable base for an all-on-six treatment concept: a case report
Authors: Pfaffeneder-Mantai Florian , Meller Oliver , Schneider Benedikt , Bloch Julius , Bytyqi Ditjon , Sutter Walter , Turhani Dritan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
In terms of a highly atrophic maxilla, bone augmentation still remains very challenging. With the introduction of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) for allogeneic bone blocks, a new method for the treatment of bone deficiencies was created. This case report demonstrates the successful use of two specially designed and CAD/CAM manufactured allogeneic bone blocks for a full arch reconstruction of a highly atrophic maxilla with an all-on-six concept.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 55-year-old male patient with a highly atrophic maxilla and severe bone volume deficiencies in horizontal and vertical lines. In order to treat the defects, the surgeon decided to use a combination of two allogeneic bone blocks and two sinus floor augmentations. The bone blocks were fabricated from the data of a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) using CAD/CAM technology. After the insertion of the two bone blocks and a healing period of 7 months, six dental implants were placed in terms of an all-on-six concept. The loading of the implants took place after an additional healing time of 7 months with a screw-retained prosthetic construction and with a milled titanium framework with acrylic veneers.

Conclusion
The presented procedure shows the importance of the precise design of CAD/CAM manufactured allogeneic bone blocks for the successful treatment of a highly atrophic maxilla. Proper soft-tissue management is one of the key factors to apply this method successfully.
Review of suicidal ideation during pregnancy: risk factors, prevalence, assessment instruments and consequences
Authors: Legazpi Pilar Carolina Castelao , Rodríguez-Muñoz María F. , Olivares-Crespo María Eugenia , Izquierdo-Méndez Nuria 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Pregnancy is a period when women are particularly vulnerable to suicidal ideation and a great opportunity for suicide risk prevention.

Aims
This study aimed to establish a comprehensive understanding of suicidal ideation prevalence, risk factors, screening tools, consequences and management during pregnancy.

Method
A literature search was performed in MEDLINE and PsycInfo databases from 2016 to 2021. A narrative synthesis of the literature and a critical overview of the current issues/questions to be addressed within the topic of suicidal ideation during pregnancy was performed.

Results
The prevalence of suicidal ideation during pregnancy was between 2.73 and 18% internationally. The risk factors identified were major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, difficulties with sleep, previous suicide attempts, high rumination, low incomes, being black, being young, low educational level, partner violence, having poor support, food insecurity, history of child abuse, high obstetric risk, multiparity, previous induced abortion and exposure to tobacco or human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis. The screening tools used for suicidal ideation during pregnancy were item 10 of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale and item 9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire. Results showed that suicidal ideation during pregnancy is associated with poor cognitive development in children and low birth weight. No case management studies on suicidal ideation were found.

Limitations
The main limitation of the available studies was the lack of articles with a high degree of methodological rigour on this subject.

Conclusions
This narrative review is a state-of-the-art paper about suicidal ideation during pregnancy. Further research is needed, and researchers should carry out systematic reviews and meta-analyses, leading to Clinical Practice Guidelines in this area. This effort would improve our evidence-based practice in Perinatal Psychology and prevent associated suicidal behaviour.
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based intervention on post-traumatic stress symptoms among emergency nursing students
Authors: ElKayal Manal Mohamed , Metwaly Safaa Mohamed 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundClinical training stress may negatively affect nursing students’ academic achievement, clinical performance, learning outcomes, well-being, general health, and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mindfulness-based intervention on post-traumatic stress symptoms among emergency nursing students. This study was conducted at the technical institute of nursing, Zagazig University. Three tools were used in the current study: the sociodemographic data sheet, the impact of event scale, and the 15-item Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire.ResultsEmergency nursing students had a wide range of PTSS at the pre-intervention period. These symptoms significantly improved after the implementation of a mindfulness-based intervention. Mindfulness level also improved after the intervention. Post-traumatic stress symptoms were positively correlated with the number of training hours and negatively correlated with students’ age, mother’s occupation, and educational level.ConclusionsMindfulness-based intervention was effective in reducing post-traumatic stress symptoms among emergency nursing students.
Role of diffusion-weighted imaging in carotid plaque vulnerability assessment
Authors: Alex Ajay , Ayyappan Anoop , Valakada Jineesh , Narasimhaiah Deepti , Pitchai Shivanesan , Sylaja P. N. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
MR plaque imaging is a valuable tool in characterizing carotid atherosclerotic plaque and identifying high-risk features. There are limited data on the role of the widely available single-shot diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in plaque characterization along with histological correlation. This study aimed to correlate the plaque characteristics identified by MR imaging in vivo at the level of maximum stenosis with histological plaque characteristics in the postoperative specimen.

Methods
Patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy in a tertiary care center during one and half years were prospectively recruited for non-contrast MR carotid plaque imaging (including single-shot EPI-DWI sequence) in a 3 Tesla MRI using a dedicated carotid coil. An experienced radiologist correlated DWI sequence findings with histopathology of postsurgical sections to confirm the high-risk features.

Results
Twenty-three patients (mean age 66.1 years ± SD 6.25) were evaluated, of which 65% were males and 96% were symptomatic. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in location of plaques could differentiate histopathological unstable from stable plaques (0.83 × 10–3 mm2/s vs 1.7 × 10–3 mm2/s; p 0.001), with a sensitivity and specificity of 75% and 79%, respectively, at an ADC cutoff of 1.24 × 10–3 mm2/s. Plaques with and without lipid-rich necrotic core (0.86 × 10–3 mm2/s vs 1.44 × 10–3 mm2/s; p = 0.042) as well as intraplaque hemorrhage could be differentiated (0.751 × 10–3 mm2/s vs 1.352 × 10–3 mm2/s; p 0.037) using the apparent diffusion coefficients.

Conclusion
The widely available single-shot EPI-DWI in assessing plaque characteristics in carotid stenosis is promising and correlated with histopathological features. Diffusion-weighted imaging will be a helpful adjunct in patients when contrast administration is intolerable.
Use of oblique sagittal and coronal weighted images for diagnosis and grading of ACL graft injury
Authors: ElSayed Mennatallah , Rashwan Amr Samir , Kamal Heba 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
This study was done to evaluate the value of adding the oblique sagittal and oblique coronal MRI to the standard MRI knee protocol for evaluation of suspected ACL graft injuries.

Results
This was a cross-sectional analytic study where we reviewed 36 MRI knee examinations of 36 patients (30 males, 6 females, age range: 17–60 years, mean age: 26 years) who were subjected to ACL reconstruction and follow-up arthroscopy. Two experienced radiologists, blinded to the results of each other, evaluated the status and the severity of the ACL graft injury using the routine knee MRI (protocol A) and using the routine MRI after adding the oblique sagittal and coronal imaging (protocol B). Weighted kappa statistics were used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of the knee MRI before and after the addition of the oblique sagittal and coronal weighted images (protocol A and protocol B, respectively) and to assess the interobserver agreement. The weighted kappa values according to the routine knee MRI were 0.357 (reader 1) and 0.399 (reader 2). The inclusion of additional oblique coronal imaging increased the weighted kappa values to 0.505 (reader 1) and 0.528 (reader 2). The interobserver agreement weighted kappa value also increased from 0.606 to 0.759 by adding the oblique sagittal and coronal imaging to the routine knee MRI examination.

Conclusion
The additional use of oblique sagittal and coronal MRI of the knee improves the diagnostic accuracy for diagnosing and grading ACL graft injury with the arthroscopy used as a gold standard.
Comparison of the RSNA chest CT classification system and CO-RADS system in reporting COVID-19 pneumonia in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients
Authors: Sheha Aliaa S. , Mohamed Nada H. , Eid Yara M. , Sheha Dina S. , El-Shayeb Mohamed , Amin Mariam M. , Saeed Alia Mohammed , Abdou Dina , Osman Ahmed M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a new infection with three pandemic waves up till now. CT plays an important role in diagnosis with multiple reporting systems that can be used during CT analysis. We aimed to compare reporting using the recommendations of the radiological society of North America (RSNA) versus the coronavirus disease reporting and data system (CO-RADS) and to assess the performance of CT if used in asymptomatic patients as a screening. Two hundred and fifty-one patients who underwent chest CT scanning either due to clinical suspicion or as screening before hospital admission were included in this retrospective observational cross-sectional study. This was followed by RT-PCR for confirmation. Three radiologists with different years of experience interpreted the CT findings using the RSNA recommendations and the CO-RADS reporting. The data were collected and compared.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference noted in the diagnostic accuracy obtained while using the RSNA recommendations and the CO-RADS reporting system. Also, a good inter-rater agreement was noticed while using the two reporting systems. The CT showed a highly significant value while used in the assessment of symptomatic patients in controversy to the screening of asymptomatic patients.

Conclusion
Both reporting systems show similar diagnostic accuracy with a good almost similar inter-rater agreement. Both can be used while interpreting the CT images of cases with suspected COVID-19 infection. CT can be used effectively in the detection of COVID-19 infection between symptomatic patients while it is of a lower value in the screening of asymptomatic patients.
Importance of the hounsfield unit value measured by computed tomography in the differentiation of hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis
Authors: Barsoum Nadine R. , Khodair Aya A. , Morsy Samer S. , Shokralla Sally Y. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute or chronic obstruction of the urinary tract can be due to a lot of different causes. Patients with pyonephrosis usually complain of a triad of fever, loin pain and elevated white blood cell count in cases of acute obstruction; and they may also have hypotension in severe cases of the disease. These patients have to be treated with appropriate decompression, or they may develop septic shock. The urgency of the need for treatment greatly depends on the differentiation between hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis.There is a lack of reliable clinical prognosticators of pyonephrosis in patients with obstructive hydronephrosis. Hounsfield unit (HU) measurement is considered as an adequate predictor of pyonephrosis and may aid in the diagnosis and management of this disease that may be fatal.The use of HU values in differentiation between pyonephrosis from hydronephrosis depends on the fact that the pyonephrotic fluid contains infected material, urine, cellular particles and microorganisms, which when combined can increase the HU values on a computed tomography (CT) study.This study was done to assess the diagnostic value of the HU measured CT in differentiation between hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis.ResultsThirty-nine patients were included in this study. All patients had loin pain and were diagnosed with pelvicalyceal dilatation by ultrasonographic examination. They then underwent non-contrast CT examination.Using CT scan, the degree of PC dilatation was significantly higher among hydronephrosis group as hydronephrosis group had 63.1% severe dilatation of PCs versus 30.8% in pyonephrosis group with p value 0.0001.Pelvic wall thickness > 2 mm was reported in 10 (76.9%) patients of pyonephrosis group versus in three (7.9%) patients among hydronephrosis group with p value 0.0001.The mean Hounsfield units were significantly higher among pyonephrosis group compared to hydronephrosis group (16 ± 5.2 versus 1.7 ± 5.5) with p value 0.0001.Sensitivity analysis showed that Hounsfield units can significantly diagnose pyonephrosis using the cutoff point 6.2 units, with sensitivity 92.3%, specificity 93.3%, area under the curve (AUC) 96.9% and p value 0.0001.ConclusionsMeasuring HU in a NCECT scan of the kidney might be helpful for differentiating between hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis especially upon considering 6.2 HU as a cutoff point.
A methodology towards delivery of net zero carbon building in hot arid climate with reference to low residential buildings — the western desert in Egypt
Authors: Fouly Safie El-din Ahmed , Abdin Ahmed Reda 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNet zero carbon building (NZCB) is considered an important approach for reducing carbon emissions (CE), which may be due to the exponential rise of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in buildings industry. Delivery of NZCB on its life cycle is considered a challenge due to its complexity and research deficiency for examining CE life cycle assessment (LCA) to reach NZCB in early design phase, especially in hot arid climates. The present proposal aims to develop an experimental methodology for NZCB in hot arid climate, with reference to the western desert region in Egypt as an experimental location due to its hot climatic characteristic, which includes the most common climate in Africa. The study was held on three models for a single floor residential unit with fixed area 110 m2, using DesignBuilder software for annual simulation and One-click LCA software for 50 years LC simulation. The effect of conventional construction materials replacement, as a passive technique, and application of solar panels, as an active technique, was examined. Simulation results indicated that there was a reduction in carbon emissions through LCA reached approximately 85% when applying both passive and active techniques on the experimental models, as well as a reduction of approximately 101% in energy consumption. Implementation and integration between passive and active systems in early design phase are evident for achieving net zero CE target in hot arid climate.
Multiplicative random seismic noise caused by small-scale near-surface scattering and its transformation during stacking
Authors: Bakulin Andrey , Neklyudov Dmitry , Silvestrov Ilya 
Published: May 2022

Even after sophisticated processing, land seismic data in complex areas exhibit weak and distorted prestack reflections with low coherency. Usually, the local stacking methods reveal clear reflections. However, the absolute level of amplitude spectra after such stacking experiences a substantial decline across the entire frequency band, reaching −10 to −25 dB. In addition, stacking leads to a significant and progressive loss of higher frequencies. We describe mathematical and intuitive physical models for multiplicative random noise that could consistently explain these field observations at least semiquantitatively. Multiplicative noise is represented by random timeshifts (residual statics) and random phase perturbations different for each frequency. Residual statics explain the progressive loss of higher frequencies. On the other hand, phase perturbations lead to a severe loss of coherency on prestack gathers and produce a strong downward bias or loss of broadband amplitudes after stacking. We find that both types of multiplicative noise can be physically generated by near-surface scattering layers with small-to-medium-scale geologic heterogeneities. We speculate that such multiplicative distortions can be referred to as seismic speckle noise well established in optics and ultrasonics. Furthermore, we derive the fundamental properties of how random multiplicative noise transforms while stacking. The first essential finding reveals that stacking produces an unbiased estimate of the clean signal phase. The second finding finds the mathematical relationship between the frequency-dependent loss of stacked amplitude and the standard deviation of residual statics and phase perturbations. These findings serve as a theoretical justification for the previously proposed methods of phase substitution and phase corrections and open the way to efficiently address random multiplicative noise in seismic processing.
Description and Disposition of Patients With Cancer Accessing a Novel, Pharmacist-Led Cannabis Consultation Service
Authors: Marchese Maria , Zhu Catherine , Charbonneau L. Flay , Peragine Christine , De Angelis Carlo 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE:The Cannabis Consultation Service (CCS) is an innovative pharmacist-led resource at the Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre. Its mandate is to provide education and guide patients through access and appropriate use of high-quality plant-derived cannabinoids (PDCs). Our objective was to describe the CCS, explain its processes, and characterize patient disposition with respect to use of PDCs.METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients referred to the CCS from July 13, 2020, to March 05, 2021. We used descriptive statistics to report on the patient population and service metrics.RESULTS:During the 34-week period, 96 patients accessed the CCS (median age, 61 years). The top reasons for CCS consultation were management of cancer pain, insomnia, and general interest. Medical cannabis was supported as an option in 44/96 patients. Reasons for not supporting PDC use included lack of indication, potential drug interaction/contraindication, or requiring treatment with first-line therapy. Of the 40 patients requiring a medical document, 22 initiated therapy. The most common product used was a 2:50 THC:CBD (Tetrahydrocannabinol:Cannabidiol) cannabis oil. At the date of last contact, few patients remained on therapy because of lack of benefit, patient choice, and/or hesitancy.CONCLUSION:Despite patients with cancer having interest in seeking PDCs for symptom management, only a few initiated and continued therapy. Pharmacists have an opportunity to advise patients and the oncology team on the risks and benefits of PDCs. These results can be used to support the development of medical cannabis programs by oncology centers and focus future research priorities.