bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The design and process of a family and community-based intervention for relapse prevention in people living with schizophrenia in Iran
Authors: Zabihi Poursaadati Maryam , Maarefvand Masoomeh , Bolhari Jafar , Hosseinzadeh Samaneh , Khubchandani Jagdish 
Published: October 2022

Background: People living with schizophrenia (PLS) suffer frequent relapse accompanied by emergency room visits, premature mortality, lower quality of life and a substantial social and economic burden on families and health systems. There is a dearth of community-based relapse prevention interventions (RPIs) in Iran. Aims: To determine an ideal model for a community-based RPIs for PLS. Methods: A qualitative study with 27 experts in Iran was carried out to understand the ideal RPIs for PLS and the key components of such interventions. Results: In 16 semi-structured interviews and 8 group-discussions, the participants identified six major stages of family and community-based RPIs including preparation, social mobilization, local team formation, design an RPI, implementing the RPI, participatory monitoring, and evaluation of the RPI. Conclusions: Given the suboptimal healthcare systems and lack of professionals and services, PLS in Iran may benefit from family and community-based RPIs. Our findings warrant pilot testing of such initiatives across developing communities like Iran to improve health outcomes of PLS.
Enablers and Barriers of Community Garden Use in New Orleans, Louisiana: An Environmental Assessment and Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Cornfield Julie , Odinga Harmonii , Kermani Jaleh , Theall Katherine P. , Chaparro M. Pia 
Published: October 2022

Purpose To explore factors associated with community garden use. Approach Environmental assessment of community gardens and semi-structured interviews. Setting New Orleans, Louisiana. Participants 10 community gardens (environmental assessment), 20 community members (including garden users and non-users) and garden administrators (qualitative interviews). Method Gardens were assessed based on (1) accessibility, (2) information, (3) design, (4) cleanliness, (5) walkability, (6) parking, and (7) noise. Semi-structured interviews took place over Zoom; transcribed interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Gardens assessed in the environmental assessment ranked high in design and cleanliness but low on accessibility and information availability. Salient themes from the qualitative interviews include skill-building, access to fresh foods, and increased social engagement as enablers of community garden participation, with availability of information and time as both potential enablers of, or barriers to, participation. Community members perceived that gardens could increase fresh food access, while administrators believed that it is not possible for community gardens to produce enough food to create community-wide impact, highlighting instead the importance of the social aspects of the garden as beneficial for health. Conclusion Community gardens should improve garden physical accessibility and information availability to incentivize use. Community gardens are valued as means for skill-building and social engagement. Future research should prioritize investigating the association between the social aspects of participating in community gardens and health outcomes.
A Randomized Pilot Study Assessing if SEDLine Monitoring During Induction of Surgical Patients is Associated With Reduced Dosage of Administered Induction Agents
Authors: Krause Martin , Nguyen Albert , O’Brien Orestes , Khoche Swapnil , Schmidt Ulrich 
Published: October 2022

Background. Intubations, especially in emergent settings, carry a high risk of hemodynamic instability with potentially catastrophic outcomes. Weight-based dosing of induction drugs can be inappropriately high for elective or emergent intubations and lead to hemodynamic instability. We hypothesized that monitoring the patient state index of SEDLine monitors (Masimo, Irvine, CA) would decrease the dose of induction drugs in the operating room during elective intubations. Methods. In this randomized study, SEDLine monitoring was provided to the intervention group but not to the control group during the induction of anesthesia in the operating room. Anesthesia providers in the intervention group were advised to titrate induction drugs to a Patient State Index of <50 before proceeding with intubation. The primary outcome was the induction dose of propofol and etomidate per kilogram normalized to propofol dose equivalents. Secondary outcomes included supplemental doses of ketamine, midazolam, fentanyl, phenylephrine, and ephedrine per kg, time from induction to intubation, administration of additional propofol or vasopressors after induction, mean arterial pressure ≥ or <65 mmHg, and lowest mean arterial pressure post-induction. Results. We found no significant difference in propofol equivalents between groups ( P = .41). Using a SEDLine decreased the odds that a patient would require vasopressors during induction (odds ratio of .39 [95% confidence interval, .15–.98]). Conclusion. SEDLine monitoring during induction did not decrease dosing of the induction drugs etomidate and propofol but decreased the odds of receiving vasopressors. Further studies are warranted to assess the utility of processed electroencephalography in emergent intubations outside of the operating room.
Visual acuity and blur: An extended depth-of-focus model
Authors: Arba Mosquera Samuel 
Published: October 2022

Purpose This article proposes a simple model that describes the quantitative relationship between visual acuity and defocus (as in defocus curves) in the presence of higher-order aberrations (HOA). Methods The basis model for describing the relationship between visual acuity and blur was taken from Blendowske as a starting point to develop an extended model applicable to defocus curves. The basis of Blendowskes’s data is extended by incorporating effects induced by HOA. Aberrometric refractive errors are transformed into a single blur quantity b, also termed dioptric distance, which serves as an input in both models. The possible influence of the axes of asymmetric aberrations and the pupil size is not included. Results The extended model has been used to generate reference data for a bi-aspheric multifocal correction profile for presbyopia. It provides reference data similar to what has been reported in the literature for that particular profile. Conclusions The model proposed in this article can be used to determine depth-of-focus effects associated with the presence of HOA. The extended model seems to provide a valid description for defocus curves. Actual uncertainties in experimental data on unaided visual acuity, especially the frequent lack of information on pupil diameter, prevent meaningful numerical comparison and the refinement of both models. However, theoretical arguments are provided in support of the extended model.
Patient activation and its association with health indices among patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Haj Ola , Lipkin Miri , Kopylov Uri , Sigalit Sina , Magnezi Racheli 
Published: October 2022

Background: Patient activation refers to patients’ independence in daily activities, involvement in the therapeutic process, and ability to manage their health. This study examined the association between the activation of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its effect on health indices. Objectives: To evaluate the association between the activation of patients with IBD measured by patient activation measure (PAM-13) questionnaire with disease activity and quality of life in IBD. Design: A retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods: This study included patients with Crohn’s Disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) followed at a large medical center in Israel, who were recruited during routine visits. They answered weekly questionnaires using a mobile smartphone application that included clinical and emotional disease parameters, including IBD control, quality of life [short IBD quality of life questionnaire (SIBDQ)], patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS-10) and PAM-13. Additional clinical parameters were collected from electronic medical records. Results: Among 201 patients (113 females) who responded to the questionnaires, 152 (75.6%) had CD and 49 (24.4%) UC. For PAM-13, 158 (79%) patients were at PAM-13 levels 3–4 (mean score: 68.5, range: 60.0–73.1) and 43 (21%) were at levels 1–2 (mean score: 45.2, range: 40.9–49.9). PAM-13 levels were correlated with IBD control ( r = 0.19, p = 0.023), SIBDQ ( r = 0.20, p = 0.010), and PROMIS-10 score ( r = 0.24, p = 0.017). Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the importance of patient activation and engagement in IBD. Knowledge of patient activation may enable caregivers to predict levels of self-care and the likelihood of compliance with health behavior recommendations.
Health care professional perspectives on discharging hospitalized patients with injection drug use-associated infections
Authors: Moore Nichole , Kohut Michael , Stoddard Henry , Burris Debra , Chessa Frank , Sikka Monica K. , Solomon Daniel , Kershaw Colleen M. , Eaton Ellen , Hutchinson Rebecca , Fairfield Kathleen M. , Stopka Thomas J. , Friedmann Peter , Thakarar Kinna 
Published: October 2022

Background: Patients with injection drug use (IDU)-associated infections traditionally experience prolonged hospitalizations, which often result in negative experiences and bad outcomes. Harm reduction approaches that value patient autonomy and shared decision-making regarding outpatient treatment options may improve outcomes. We sought to identify health care professionals (HCPs) perspectives on the barriers to offering four different options to hospitalized people who use drugs (PWUD): long-term hospitalization, oral antibiotics, long-acting antibiotics at an infusion center, and outpatient parenteral antibiotics. Methods: We recruited HCPs ( n = 19) from a single tertiary care center in Portland, Maine. We interviewed HCPs involved with discharge decision-making and other HCPs involved in the specialized care of PWUD. Semi-structured interviews elicited lead HCP values, preferences, and concerns about presenting outpatient antimicrobial treatment options to PWUD, while support HCPs provided contextual information. We used the iterative categorization approach to code and thematically analyze transcripts. Results: HCPs were willing to present outpatient treatment options for patients with IDU-associated infections, yet several factors contributed to reluctance. First, insufficient resources, such as transportation, may make these options impractical. However, HCPs may be unaware of existing community resources or viable treatment options. They also may believe the hospital protects patients, and that discharging patients into the community exposes them to structural harms. Some HCPs are concerned that patients with substance use disorder will not make ‘good’ decisions regarding outpatient antimicrobial options. Finally, there is uncertainty about how responsibility for offering outpatient treatment is shared across changing care teams. Conclusion: HCPs perceive many barriers to offering outpatient care for people with IDU-associated infections, but with appropriate interventions to address their concerns, may be open to considering more options. This study provides important insights and contextual information that can help inform specific harm reduction interventions aimed at improving care of people with IDU-associated infections.
Atogepant for the prevention of episodic migraine in adults
Authors: Switzer Maranda Paige , Robinson Joseph Edward , Joyner Kayla Rena , Morgan Kelsey Woods 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Atogepant is a newly approved medication for the prevention of migraine. This review aims to discuss the efficacy, safety, cost, and place in therapy of atogepant. Methods: The authors performed a systematic search for sources, including articles, abstracts, and poster presentations. Queried databases were the National Institute of Health, US National Library of Medicine Clinical Trials, PubMed, European PMC, and the Cochrane Library. Search terms included atogepant, QULIPTA™, AGN-241689, MK-803, and N02CD07. Full-text, English language, randomized-controlled trials from 1 February 2012 to 1 February 2022 were included in the review. Additional relevant prescribing information, abstracts, and articles identified through the search were considered for inclusion in this review. A total of 193 database entries were evaluated for inclusion in this narrative review. Three articles representing two randomized controlled trials were reviewed. Results and conclusions: Atogepant, a small-molecule calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist, is a daily oral treatment for migraine prevention. In placebo-controlled clinical trials, atogepant decreased mean monthly migraine days (MMD) over 12 weeks in patients with episodic migraine. Major treatment-related adverse effects include nausea and constipation. Long-term placebo-controlled efficacy and safety studies, chronic migraine studies, and studies in patients that failed more than two classes of preventive therapies are still pending. Atogepant represents one of many novel therapies for the prevention of migraine. To date, no head-to-head comparisons of atogepant versus other agents indicated for migraine prevention have been published. Atogepant offers patients an alternative therapy to injectable or infusion monoclonal antibody treatments and offers an alternative to non-specific migraine medications that are associated with poor tolerability. Due to its high cost and narrower therapeutic indications, atogepant may be reserved for a small subset of migraineurs who prefer oral therapy.
Photodynamic therapy for the successful management of cyclosporine-related gum hypertrophy: A novel therapeutic option
Authors: Casu Cinzia , Murgia Martina Salvatorina , Orrù Germano , Scano Alessandra 
Published: October 2022

Background: Drug-induced gingival overgrowth is associated with the intake of three classes of drugs: anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers. It is clinically characterized by hyperplasia of the gingival connective tissue which appears edematous, bloody, and purplish-red in color. In more severe cases, drug-induced gingival hyperplasia negatively affects the patient’s quality of life, making it difficult to eat and practice good oral hygiene. Drug-induced gingival overgrowth therapy is controversial and, in fact, no studies in the literature highlight a well-defined therapeutic protocol. The therapies that are described provide primarily for non-surgical periodontal treatment and second-line surgical treatment. The aim of this work is to highlight a case of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia which was completely resolved thanks to photodynamic therapy which is completely free from side effects. Design and Methods: Photodynamic therapy was performed on an 18 year-old female patient with LEDs at a power of 450–470 nm and 5500 mW/cm2 + 7500 mW/cm2, combined with a Curcuma longa-based photosensitizer. A single session was performed, with applications of approximately 30 s for each interdental papilla. Results: The patient improved markedly after only one cycle of PDT. There was an absence of clinically detectable inflammation, edema, and rubor of the involved dental papillae. At the 4, 6, and 12 week follow-ups there were no recurrences. Conclusions: This case report highlights the first case of drug-induced gingival hypertrophy entirely treated with photodynamic therapy to be described in the literature. Therefore, although it is only a case report, this therapy which is free from side effects should be investigated as an alternative to current therapies.
Lower Extremity Stress Fractures in the National Basketball Association, 2013-2014 Through 2018-2019
Authors: Rizzi Andrew M. , Baker Hayden P. , Lee Cody S. , Athiviraham Aravind 
Published: October 2022

Background: Players in the National Basketball Association (NBA) are at risk for lower extremity stress fractures, partly because of the sport’s high-intensity demand on the lower body. Purpose: To provide insight on the identification and management of potential risk factors associated with lower extremity stress fractures in NBA athletes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using the NBA electronic medical record database for all players who were on an NBA roster for ≥1 game from the 2013-2014 through 2018-2019 seasons. Player characteristics, games missed, and treatment methodology were independently analyzed. Results were presented as incidence per 1000 player-games. Results: There were 22 stress fractures identified in 20 NBA players over the course of 6 years, with an average of 3.67 stress fractures per year and an incidence of 0.12 stress fractures per 1000 player-games. Most stress fractures occurred in the foot (17/22), and 45% (10/22) of stress fractures were treated surgically, with the most common site of operation being the navicular. On average, approximately 37 games and 243 days were missed per stress fracture injury. There was no significant difference in time to return to play between high-risk stress fractures treated operatively versus nonoperatively (269.2 vs 243.8 days; P = .82). Conclusion: The overall incidence of stress fractures in NBA players was 0.12 per 1000 player-games, and a high percentage of players returned to NBA activity after the injury. There was a relatively even distribution between high-risk stress fractures treated operatively and nonoperatively. When comparing high-risk stress fractures treated operatively to ones treated nonoperatively, no significant difference in average time to return to play in the NBA was found.
Experientially based narrative instruction: A neurocognitive perspective
Authors: Israelsen-Augenstein Megan , Gillam Sandi , Mecham Jamie , Ashcroft Hailey 
Published: October 2022

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a personal narrative intervention based on neurocognitive principles and experientially based learning for improving the personal narrative language abilities of a school-age child with Down's syndrome. Method A single-case design using contemporary statistical techniques was employed to complete this study. The participant was 8 years 8 months at the time of the study and he participated in a 14-week personal narrative intervention. Personal narrative samples were collected at the beginning of each intervention session prior to instruction. Narrative samples were scored for narrative quality, language productivity, and lexical diversity. Results As a result of the intervention, the participant demonstrated moderate-significant increases in narrative abilities for narrative quality, language productivity, and lexical diversity. Conclusions The use of a personal narrative based on neurocognitive principles and experientially based learning may be feasible for improving the personal narrative language abilities of school-age children with Down's syndrome.
Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction Using Double Femoral Fixation With Adjustable Loop Cortical Suspension and Interference Screw
Authors: Kennedy Nicholas I. , Therrien Erik , Marx Robert G. , Stuart Michael J. , Levy Bruce A. 
Published: October 2022

Background: The posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee is a complex anatomic region of the knee comprising the popliteus tendon, the popliteofibular ligament (PFL), and the fibular collateral ligament (FCL). Treatment of PLC injuries is based on the degree of varus and rotational instability on preoperative examination and is recommended in grade 3 injuries.1,6 Technique Description: The key concept of this new surgical technique is to use adjustable loop cortical suspensory fixation implants for initial femoral fixation of the popliteus and the FCL grafts. This allows for individual tensioning of the grafts prior to definitive fixation with an interference screw. An anatomic fibular tunnel is initially created, followed by popliteus and FCL anatomic femoral socket drilling. A TightRope RT implant is attached to the popliteus end of the graft and secured through a bone tunnel on the medial femoral cortex initially. The popliteus end of the graft is then pulled into the femoral socket before tunneling the graft through the fibular tunnel. A second TightRope RT implant is secured to the FCL end of the graft before securing it to the medial femoral cortex through a bone tunnel and pulling the graft into the drilled femoral socket. An interference screw is first used to secure the graft at the fibular tunnel. The knee is then taken to 60° where the TightRope device is used to remove residual creep and optimize final tensioning prior to final fixation with interference screw in femoral socket. With the knee at 30° of flexion, neutral rotation, and slight valgus, the same steps are repeated for FCL graft. A posterolateral capsular shift is completed for additional stability. Results: Residual posterolateral corner instability or failure after reconstruction surgery has been reported in 6% to 9.4% of surgical reconstruction case.2,3,5 The use of cortical suspensory devices in PLC reconstructions allows independent dialing of optimal graft tension for both the popliteus and FCL reconstruction before final interference screw fixation, therefore presumably limiting any residual creep and allowing for a double femoral fixation of the graft. Discussion: We describe a novel technique for posterolateral corner reconstruction which allows for optimal and individual tensioning of the structures of the posterolateral corner. Given the technique still uses well-described and validated graft choices and anatomic landmarks for reconstruction, we expect this new technique to allow for similar if not improved outcomes when compared with current gold standard.4
Sorption of Congo Red anionic dye on natural hydrotalcite and stichtite: kinetics and equilibrium
Authors: Nestroinaia Olga V. , Ryltsova Irina G. , Yaprintsev Maksim N. , Nakisko Evgeniya Yu. , Seliverstov Evgeniy S. , Lebedeva Olga E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe sorption properties of two layered minerals of the hydrotalcite supergroup – hydrotalcite and stichtite – were investigated with the aim of determining their kinetic parameters of sorption and their adsorption isotherm type. Pristine hydrotalcite and stichtite were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive Х-ray analysis and laser diffraction analysis of the particle-size distribution. The ‘memory effect’ of the sorbents was examined after calcination at 650°C. Slight indications of reconstructed hydrotalcite were observed, while the stichtite dehydration–rehydration cycle was irreversible. The hydrotalcite and stichtite were used to remove Congo Red from the aqueous solution. The pseudo-second order kinetic model described the process adequately. Mixed external and internal diffusion was confirmed for both minerals. The sorption of Congo Red on stichtite fits the Langmuir model. Stichtite demonstrated a maximum adsorption capacity of 2.5 mmol g–1 at 35°C. Increasing temperature increased the adsorption rate of Congo Red on stichtite but did not affect the adsorption rate constant for hydrotalcite.