bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
S100A11 activates the pentose phosphate pathway to induce malignant biological behaviour of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zeng Xue , Guo Hong , Liu Zhuang , Qin Zilan , Cong Yuyang , Ren Naihan , Zhang Yuxiang , Zhang Na 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most refractory malignancies and has a poor prognosis. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that an imbalance of metabolism may contribute to unrestricted pancreatic tumour progression and that the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) plays a pivotal role in cellular metabolism. S100A11 has been shown to regulate multiple biological functions related to the progression and metastasis of various cancer types. However, the exact mechanisms and prognostic value of S100A11 in PDAC remain unclear. Here, we found that S100A11 expression was increased in PDAC and significantly associated with worse prognosis and disease progression. Mechanistically, S100A11 knockdown suppressed the PPP by impairing nascent mRNA synthesis of TKT (transketolase). The current study also demonstrated that H3K4me3 at the −268/+77 region of the TKT promoter was required for its transcriptional activation and S100A11 promoted H3K4me3 loading to the TKT promoter by interacting with SMYD3 protein. Taking these findings together, this study provided new insights into the potential value of S100A11 for treating pancreatic cancer, suggesting that it could be a therapeutic target for PDAC patients.
Environmental trade-offs of direct air capture technologies in climate change mitigation toward 2100
Authors: Qiu Yang , Lamers Patrick , Daioglou Vassilis , McQueen Noah , de Boer Harmen-Sytze , Harmsen Mathijs , Wilcox Jennifer , Bardow André , Suh Sangwon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDirect air capture (DAC) is critical for achieving stringent climate targets, yet the environmental implications of its large-scale deployment have not been evaluated in this context. Performing a prospective life cycle assessment for two promising technologies in a series of climate change mitigation scenarios, we find that electricity sector decarbonization and DAC technology improvements are both indispensable to avoid environmental problem-shifting. Decarbonizing the electricity sector improves the sequestration efficiency, but also increases the terrestrial ecotoxicity and metal depletion levels per tonne of CO2 sequestered via DAC. These increases can be reduced by improvements in DAC material and energy use efficiencies. DAC exhibits regional environmental impact variations, highlighting the importance of smart siting related to energy system planning and integration. DAC deployment aids the achievement of long-term climate targets, its environmental and climate performance however depend on sectoral mitigation actions, and thus should not suggest a relaxation of sectoral decarbonization targets.
The ω3 scaling of the vibrational density of states in quasi-2D nanoconfined solids
Authors: Yu Yuanxi , Yang Chenxing , Baggioli Matteo , Phillips Anthony E. , Zaccone Alessio , Zhang Lei , Kajimoto Ryoichi , Nakamura Mitsutaka , Yu Dehong , Hong Liang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe vibrational properties of crystalline bulk materials are well described by Debye theory, which successfully predicts the quadratic ω2 low-frequency scaling of the vibrational density of states. However, the analogous framework for nanoconfined materials with fewer degrees of freedom has been far less well explored. Using inelastic neutron scattering, we characterize the vibrational density of states of amorphous ice confined inside graphene oxide membranes and we observe a crossover from the Debye ω2 scaling to an anomalous ω3 behaviour upon reducing the confinement size L. Additionally, using molecular dynamics simulations, we confirm the experimental findings and prove that such a scaling appears in both crystalline and amorphous solids under slab-confinement. We theoretically demonstrate that this low-frequency ω3 law results from the geometric constraints on the momentum phase space induced by confinement along one spatial direction. Finally, we predict that the Debye scaling reappears at a characteristic frequency ω× = vL/2π, with v the speed of sound of the material, and we confirm this quantitative estimate with simulations.
Structural mechanism of protein recognition by the FW domain of autophagy receptor Nbr1
Authors: Zhang Jianxiu , Wang Ying-Ying , Pan Zhao-Qian , Li Yulu , Sui Jianhua , Du Li-Lin , Ye Keqiong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNeighbor of BRCA1 (Nbr1) is a conserved autophagy receptor that provides cargo selectivity to autophagy. The four-tryptophan (FW) domain is a signature domain of Nbr1, but its exact function remains unclear. Here, we show that Nbr1 from the filamentous fungus Chaetomium thermophilum uses its FW domain to bind the α-mannosidase Ams1, a cargo of selective autophagy in both budding yeast and fission yeast, and delivers Ams1 to the vacuole by conventional autophagy in heterologous fission yeast. The structure of the Ams1-FW complex was determined at 2.2 Å resolution by cryo-electron microscopy. The FW domain adopts an immunoglobulin-like β-sandwich structure and recognizes the quaternary structure of the Ams1 tetramer. Notably, the N-terminal di-glycine of Ams1 is specifically recognized by a conserved pocket of the FW domain. The FW domain becomes degenerated in fission yeast Nbr1, which binds Ams1 with a ZZ domain instead. Our findings illustrate the protein binding mode of the FW domain and reveal the versatility of Nbr1-mediated cargo recognition.
Sea ice surface temperatures from helicopter-borne thermal infrared imaging during the MOSAiC expedition
Authors: Thielke Linda , Huntemann Marcus , Hendricks Stefan , Jutila Arttu , Ricker Robert , Spreen Gunnar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe sea ice surface temperature is important to understand the Arctic winter heat budget. We conducted 35 helicopter flights with an infrared camera in winter 2019/2020 during the Multidisciplinary Drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition. The flights were performed from a local, 5 to 10 km scale up to a regional, 20 to 40 km scale. The infrared camera recorded thermal infrared brightness temperatures, which we converted to surface temperatures. More than 150000 images from all flights can be investigated individually. As an advanced data product, we created surface temperature maps for every flight with a 1 m resolution. We corrected image gradients, applied an ice drift correction, georeferenced all pixels, and corrected the surface temperature by its natural temporal drift, which results in time-fixed surface temperature maps for a consistent analysis of one flight. The temporal and spatial variability of sea ice characteristics is an important contribution to an increased understanding of the Arctic heat budget and, in particular, for the validation of satellite products.
A human single-neuron dataset for face perception
Authors: Cao Runnan , Lin Chujun , Brandmeir Nicholas J. , Wang Shuo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe human amygdala and hippocampus have long been associated with face perception. Here, we present a dataset of single-neuron activity in the human amygdala and hippocampus during face perception. We recorded 2082 neurons from the human amygdala and hippocampus when neurosurgical patients with intractable epilepsy performed a one-back task using natural face stimuli, which mimics natural face perception. Specifically, our data include (1) single-neuron activity from the amygdala (996 neurons) and hippocampus (1086 neurons), (2) eye movements (gaze position and pupil), (3) psychological assessment of the patients, and (4) social trait judgment ratings from a subset of patients and a large sample of participants from the general population. Together, our comprehensive dataset with a large population of neurons can facilitate multifaceted investigation of face perception with the highest spatial and temporal resolution currently available in humans.
ORMEF: a Mediterranean database of exotic fish records
Authors: Azzurro Ernesto , Smeraldo Sonia , Minelli Annalisa , D’Amen Manuela 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Mediterranean Sea is recognized today as the World’s most invaded marine region, but observations of species occurrences remain scattered in the scientific literature and scarcely accessible. Here we introduce the ORMEF database: a first comprehensive and robust compilation of exotic fish observations recorded over more than a century in the Mediterranean. ORMEF consists today of 4015 geo-referenced occurrences from 20 Mediterranean Countries, extracted from 670 scientific published papers. We collated information on 188 fish taxa that are thus divided: 106 species entered through the Suez Canal; 25 species introduced by shipping, mariculture, aquarium release or by means of other human activities; 57 Atlantic species, whose arrival in the Mediterranean has been attributed to the unassisted immigration through the strait of Gibraltar. Each observation included in the ORMEF database was submitted to a severe quality control and checked for geographical and taxonomic biases. ORMEF is a new authoritative reference for Mediterranean bio-invasion research and a living archive to inform management strategies and policymakers in a period of rapid environmental transformation.
Multi-omics reveals mechanisms of resistance to potato root infection by Spongospora subterranea
Authors: Balotf Sadegh , Wilson Richard , Nichols David S. , Tegg Robert S. , Wilson Calum R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe pathogen Spongospora subterranea infects potato roots and developing tubers resulting in tuber yield and quality losses. Currently, there are no fully effective treatments for disease control. Host resistance is an important tool in disease management and understanding the molecular mechanisms of defence responses in roots of potato plants is required for the breeding of novel resistant cultivars. Here, we integrated transcriptomic and proteomic datasets to uncover these mechanisms underlying S. subterranea resistance in potato roots. This multi-omics approach identified upregulation of glutathione metabolism at the levels of RNA and protein in the resistant cultivar but not in the susceptible cultivar. Upregulation of the lignin metabolic process, which is an important component of plant defence, was also specific to the resistant cultivar at the transcriptome level. In addition, the inositol phosphate pathway was upregulated in the susceptible cultivar but downregulated in the resistant cultivar in response to S. subterranea infection. We provide large-scale multi-omics data of Spongospora-potato interaction and suggest an important role of glutathione metabolism in disease resistance.
Association of statin treatment with hepatocellular carcinoma risk in end-stage kidney disease patients with chronic viral hepatitis
Authors: Kim Hyung Woo , Joo Young Su , Kang Shin Chan , Koh Hee Byung , Han Seung Hyeok , Yoo Tae-Hyun , Kang Shin-Wook , Park Jung Tak 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStatin use in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients are not encouraged due to low cardioprotective effects. Although the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a frequently occurring cancer in East Asia, is elevated in ESKD patients, the relationship between statins and HCC is not known despite its possible chemopreventive effect. The relationship between statin use and HCC development in ESKD patients with chronic hepatitis was evaluated. In total, 6165 dialysis patients with chronic hepatitis B or C were selected from a national health insurance database. Patients prescribed with ≥ 28 cumulative defined daily doses of statins during the first 3 months after dialysis commencement were defined as statin users, while those not prescribed with statins were considered as non-users. Primary outcome was the first diagnosis of HCC. Sub-distribution hazard model with inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to estimate HCC risk considering death as competing risk. During a median follow-up of 2.8 years, HCC occurred in 114 (3.2%) statin non-users and 33 (1.2%) statin users. The HCC risk was 41% lower in statin users than in non-users (sub-distribution hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42–0.81). The weighted incidence rate of HCC was lower in statin users than in statin non-users (incidence rate difference, − 3.7; 95% CI − 5.7 to − 1.7; P < 0.001). Incidence rate ratio (IRR) was also consistent with other analyses (IRR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.78; P < 0.001). Statin use was associated with a lower risk of incident HCC in dialysis patients with chronic hepatitis B or C infection.
Variational quantum evolution equation solver
Authors: Leong Fong Yew , Ewe Wei-Bin , Koh Dax Enshan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVariational quantum algorithms offer a promising new paradigm for solving partial differential equations on near-term quantum computers. Here, we propose a variational quantum algorithm for solving a general evolution equation through implicit time-stepping of the Laplacian operator. The use of encoded source states informed by preceding solution vectors results in faster convergence compared to random re-initialization. Through statevector simulations of the heat equation, we demonstrate how the time complexity of our algorithm scales with the Ansatz volume for gradient estimation and how the time-to-solution scales with the diffusion parameter. Our proposed algorithm extends economically to higher-order time-stepping schemes, such as the Crank–Nicolson method. We present a semi-implicit scheme for solving systems of evolution equations with non-linear terms, such as the reaction–diffusion and the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations, and demonstrate its validity by proof-of-concept results.
Treatment for clear cell carcinoma of the abdominal wall at a tertiary cancer center
Authors: Feng Zheng , Wen Hao , Ju Xingzhu , Bi Rui , Chen Xiaojun , Yang Wentao , Wu Xiaohua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractClear cell carcinoma (CCC) of the abdominal wall is a rare and agressive disease. We aim to elucidate the clinical and prognostic characteristics of this disease. Medical records of ten patients diagnosed with CCC of the abdominal wall at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were reviewed. We illustrate the clinical characteristics, treatment modality, and development of local recurrence or distant metastasis, as well as the survival outcome. The median (range) age of patients was 47 (39–61) years old. All patients had a history of cesarean section and abdominal wall endometriosis. All patients had primary surgery before referred to our center. Seven patients had only tumor resection, while two patients had lymph node metastasis at primary diagnosis. Four patients underwent supplementary surgery, and all postoperative pathology were negative. Genetic analyses had also been performed. The median (range) follow-up time was 20 (12–59) months. Local recurrence and lymph node metastasis were the most common recurrence types. The median (95% confidence interval) PFS was 11 (8.08–13.92) months. In summary, primary surgery should consider wide tumor resection and lymph node dissection. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be recommended for potential benefits. More cases are still needed to elucidate the clinical management of this disease.
Changes in the proportion of anemia among young women after the Great East Japan Earthquake: the Fukushima health management survey
Authors: Yamamoto Kana , Takita Morihito , Kami Masahiro , Takemoto Yoshinobu , Ohira Tetsuya , Maeda Masaharu , Yasumura Seiji , Sakai Akira , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Okazaki Kanako , Yabe Hirooki , Kitamura Toshio , Tsubokura Masaharu , Shimabukuro Michio , Ohto Hitoshi , Kamiya Kenji 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the sequential changes in the proportion of anemia among young women over eight years after the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 using a prospective study of the Fukushima Health Management Survey. This study focused on the women aged between 20 and 44 who lived in the evacuation area of the nuclear power plant accident. The yearly age-adjusted proportion of anemia was accessed with data between July 2011 and March 2019. A total of 9,198 women participated in the health checkup in 2011, albeit the participation was decreased to 1,241 in 2018. The age-adjusted proportion of anemia was 16.7% in 2012 and then declined after 2013 (p with Cochran-Armitage trend test = 0.03). The multivariate regression analysis identified < 23 kg/m2 of body mass index (BMI), no history of smoking, and no habitual alcohol use as independent baseline characteristics predictive of temporality anemic condition after the disaster (Adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval]; 1.98 [1.43–2.74], 1.85 [1.21–2.83], and 1.42 [1.07–1.90], respectively). Thus, women with low BMI and healthier habits might risk temporarily anemic status after the disaster. Our findings signal the importance of preventing anemia in young women after the disaster.
Titanium wear from magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGRs) for the treatment of spinal deformities in children
Authors: Lüders K. A. , Braunschweig L. , Zioła-Frankowska A. , Stojek A. , Jakkielska D. , Wichmann A. , Dihazi G. H. , Streit F. , Güsewell S. E. , Trüe T. C. , Lüders S. , Schlie J. , Tsaknakis K. , Lorenz H. M. , Frankowski M. , Hell A. K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMagnetically controlled growing rods (MCGRs) are an effective treatment method for early-onset scoliosis (EOS). In recent years, increasing titanium wear was observed in tissue adjacent to implants and in blood samples of these patients. This study aims to investigate the potential correlation between amount of metal loss and titanium levels in blood during MCGR treatment as well as influencing factors for metal wear. In total, 44 MCGRs (n = 23 patients) were retrieved after an average of 2.6 years of implantation and analyzed using a tactile measurement instrument and subsequent metal loss calculation. Titanium plasma levels (n = 23) were obtained using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The correlation of both parameters as well as influencing factors were analyzed. Titanium abrasion on MCGRs was observed in the majority of implants. There was no correlation of metal implant wear or titanium plasma values to the duration of MCGR implantation time, number of external lengthening procedures, patient’s ambulatory status, gender, weight or height. Material loss on the MCGRs showed a positive correlation to titanium blood plasma values. The present study is one of the first studies to analyze retrieved MCGRs using high-precision metrological techniques and compare these results with ICP-MS analyses determining blood titanium values.
Memory load differentially influences younger and older users’ learning curve of touchscreen gestures
Authors: Li Bingxin , Yang Tong , Liu Yanfang , Du Feng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, we employed a recall test to investigate how memory load affects the learning curve of gesture-letter pairs for younger and older users. The gesture-letter pairs were carefully designed to mimic real-world gesture-function/command associations on a touchscreen mobile phone. Both younger and older user groups showed lower recall accuracy as the memory load of gesture-letter pairs increased, and recall performance improved with repeated memory training. More specifically, younger users improved rapidly over repeated memory sessions under all memory loads, whereas older users benefited much less from repeated memory sessions except the lowest memory load of 6 gesture-letter pairs. These results reveal that the memory load differentially modulated younger and older users’ learning curves of gesture-letter pairs. Thus, our work suggests an upper limit when adding new gesture-function associations on mobile phones and special attention should be devoted to old users.
Gut microbiota alternation under the intestinal epithelium-specific knockout of mouse Piga gene
Authors: Jangid Aditi , Fukuda Shinji , Seki Masahide , Suzuki Yutaka , Taylor Todd D. , Ohno Hiroshi , Prakash Tulika 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCrosstalk between the gut microbiota and intestinal epithelium shapes the gut environment and profoundly influences the intestinal immune homeostasis. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored proteins (GPI – APs) contribute to a variety of gut-associated immune functions, including microbial surveillance and defense, and epithelial cell polarity. Properly polarised epithelial cells are essential for the establishment of the barrier function of gut epithelia. The Piga gene is one among seven genes that encode for an enzyme which is involved in the first step of GPI-anchor biosynthesis. This is the first study reporting a knockout of the intestinal epithelial cell-specific Piga gene (Piga-/-) and its association with the gut microbiota in mice using a whole metagenome shotgun-based sequencing approach. An overall reduced microbiota diversity has been observed in the Piga-/- group as compared to the control group (ANOVA p = 0.34). The taxonomic biomarkers, namely: Gammaproteobacteria (class), Enterobacterales (order), Enterobacteriaceae (family), Escherichia (genus), Proteus (genus) and Escherichia coli (species), increased more in the Piga-/- mice as compared to in the control group. Further, the pathogenic E. coli strains, namely E. coli O157:H7 str. EDL 933 (EHEC), E. coli CFT073 (UPEC) and E. coli 536 (UPEC), were found in the Piga-/- mice which also harbored virulence factor transporters. In addition, the taxa responsible for short chain fatty acid production were decreased in the Piga-/- group. The Piga-/- mice gut harbored an increased number of microbial functions responsible for the survival of pathogens in the inflamed gut environment. Our observations clearly indicate that the Piga-/- mice gut might have an overall enhancement in pathogenic behaviour and reduced capabilities beneficial to health.
Long-term hematopoietic stem cells as a parasite niche during treatment failure in visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Dirkx Laura , Hendrickx Sarah , Merlot Margot , Bulté Dimitri , Starick Marick , Elst Jessy , Bafica André , Ebo Didier G. , Maes Louis , Van Weyenbergh Johan , Caljon Guy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGiven the discontinuation of various first-line drugs for visceral leishmaniasis (VL), large-scale in vivo drug screening, establishment of a relapse model in rodents, immunophenotyping, and transcriptomics were combined to study persistent infections and therapeutic failure. Double bioluminescent/fluorescentLeishmania infantumandL. donovanireporter lines enabled the identification of long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSC) as a niche in the bone marrow with remarkably high parasite burdens, a feature confirmed for human hematopoietic stem cells (hHSPC). LT-HSC are more tolerant to antileishmanial drug action and serve as source of relapse. A unique transcriptional ’StemLeish’ signature in these cells was defined by upregulated TNF/NF-κB and RGS1/TGF-β/SMAD/SKIL signaling, and a downregulated oxidative burst. Cross-species analyses demonstrated significant overlap with human VL and HIV co-infected blood transcriptomes. In summary, the identification of LT-HSC as a drug- and oxidative stress-resistant niche, undergoing a conserved transcriptional reprogramming underlyingLeishmaniapersistence and treatment failure, may open therapeutic avenues for leishmaniasis.