bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FG-4592 Protects the Intestine from Irradiation-Induced Injury by Targeting TLR4 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Feng Zhenlan , Xu Qinshu , He Xiang , Wang Yuedong , Fang Lan , Zhao Jianpeng , Cheng Ying , Liu Cong , Du Jicong , Cai Jianming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Severe ionizing radiation (IR) induced intestinal injury has high mortality, which is a worldwide problem to be solved urgently. In recent years, studies have found that PHD-HIF signaling pathway may play key roles in IR induced intestinal injury, and we found that FG-4592, the PHD inhibitor, has significant radio-protective effects on IR induced intestinal injury. Methods: With/without FG4592 treatment, the survival time, pathology, cell viability, cell apoptosis and organoids of mice after irradiation were compared, and the mechanism was verified after transcriptome sequencing. The data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 19.Results: Our results show that FG-4592 has significant radio-protective effects on the intestine. FG-4592 improves the survival of irradiated mice, inhibits the radiation damage of intestinal tissue, promotes the regeneration of intestinal crypt after IR, and reduces the apoptosis of intestinal crypt cells. Through organoid experiments, it is found that FG-4592 promotes the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). Moreover, the results of RNA sequence and WB show that FG-4592 significantly upregulated the TLR4 signaling pathway, and FG-4592 has no radioprotection on TLR4 KO mice, suggesting that FG-4592 may play protective role against IR by targeting TLR4. Conclusion: Our work proves that FG-4592 may promote the proliferation and regeneration of ISCs through the targeted regulation of TLR4 and WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, and ultimately play radio-protective roles in IR induced injury. These results enrich the molecular mechanism of FG-4592 to protect IR induced injury and provide new methods for the radioprotection of intestine.
Cancer Cell Motility Through Unjamming Impacts Metastatic Risk
Authors: Käs Josef , Lippoldt Jürgen , Grosser Steffen , Tschodu Dimitrij , Renner Frédéric , Kubitschke Hans , Poßögel Anne-Kathrin , Wegscheider Anne-Sophie , Ulm Bernhard , Friedrichs Kay , Lindner Christoph , Wolf Benjamin , Höckel Michael , Aktas Bahriye , Gottheil Pablo , Niendorf Axel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Distant metastasis is the most lethal hallmark of cancer. Nevertheless, due to a lack of suitable markers, the emerging motility of cancer cells only has a negligible impact on current diagnosis and prognosis. In cancer clusters of solid tumours, cooperative unjamming transitions generate regions of unjammed motile cells, as we could show by vital cancer cell tracking in patient-derived tumour explants. Thereby, cancer cells and their nuclei collectively deform/elongate to squeeze past each other. The cells' differing shapes and densities, and nuclei of jammed and unjammed cancer cells can serve as the first reliable motility marker in static images such as histopathological slides. A retrospective clinical study that strongly correlates unjamming with distant metastasis demonstrates that unjamming within primary tumours is part of the metastatic cascade. With the histological slides of two independent breast cancer patient collectives, we train (N=688) and validate (N=692) our quantitative prognostic index based on unjamming regarding metastatic risk. Our index corrects for false high- and low-risk predictions based on nodal status. Combining information derived from the nodal status with unjamming may reduce over- and under-treatment and significantly improve the understanding of the metastatic cascade.
A modified kidney-sparing portal vein arterialization model of heterotopic auxiliary liver transplantation increases liver IL-6, TNF-α, and HGF levels and enhances liver regeneration: an animal model
Authors: Li Jun , Ren Jianjun , Zhang JunJing , Meng Xingkai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background and Aim: The implantation site of the donor liver and the vascular reconstruction approach affect the success of partial donor liver transplantation. We investigated the effects of different donor liver implantation sites and vascular reconstruction approaches on liver regeneration using a rat kidney-sparing heterotopic auxiliary liver transplantation model with portal vein arterialization (PVA). Methods: Sixty male SD rats underwent end-to-end anastomosis of the donor liver portal vein and the right renal artery stent (the control group), or end-to-side anastomosis of the donor liver portal vein and the left common iliac artery (the experimental group). Results: The experimental group had significantly lower plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, and cholinesterase than the control group (P<0.05). The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the liver were significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, H&E staining of the live specimens revealed that the experimental group showed improved hepatocyte regeneration than that of the control group. Conclusions: The modified kidney-sparing PVA model of heterotopic auxiliary liver transplantation is more conducive to liver regeneration with quicker return of liver function; it may facilitate developing surgical technique to improve liver regeneration in liver transplantation.
Considerations for multimodal prehabilitation in women with gynaecological cancers: A realist scoping review
Authors: Saggu Rhia Kaur , Barlow Phillip , Butler John , Ghaem-Maghami Sadaf , Hughes Cathy , Lagergren Pernilla , McGregor Alison , Shaw Clare , Wells Mary 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: There is increasing recognition that prehabilitation is important as a means of preparing patients physically and psychologically for cancer treatment, however, little is understood about the role of prehabilitation for gynaecological cancer patients. Review question: This scoping review was conducted to collate the research evidence on multimodal prehabilitation in gynaecological cancers and the related barriers and facilitators to delivery and engagement that should be considered when designing a prehabilitation model for this group of women. Methods: Seven medical databases and four grey literature repositories were searched from database inception to September 2021. All articles, except for opinion papers and social media posts, surrounding multimodal prehabilitation in gynaecological cancers were included in the final review. All qualitative papers including gynaecological cancer patients were included, irrespective of whether the intervention of interest was unimodal or multimodal. A realist framework of context, mechanism and outcome was used to assist interpretation of findings. Results: In total, 24 studies were included in the final review. The studies included the following tumour groups: ovarian only (n=12), endometrial only (n=1), mixed ovarian, endometrial, vulvar (n=5) and non-specific gynaecological tumours (n=6). There was considerable variation across studies in terms of screening, delivery of prehabilitation and measured outcomes. Key mechanisms and contexts underpinning engagement with prehabilitation can be summarised by 5 overarching themes: 1) The role of healthcare professionals and organisations 2) Acceptability of prehabilitation 3) Patient motivation 4) Prioritisation of prehabilitation 5) Accessibility of prehabilitation. Implications for practice: A standardised and well evidenced prehabilitation programme for women with gynaecological cancer does not yet exist. Healthcare organisations and researchers should take into account the enablers and barriers to effective engagement by healthcare professionals and by patients, when designing and evaluating prehabilitation for gynaecological cancer patients.
Two new optimal and uniform third-order schemes for Singular Perturbation Problems with Initial Layers
Authors: . K.SELVAKUMAR . 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article presents two numerical methods of the order of three for singular perturbation problems, with a small positive parameter using finite differences. It is a problem with an initial layer in the neighborhood of the initial nodal point whose width is of the order of the small parameter. An explicit order three classical methods are modified and a new scheme is designed for singular perturbation problems. It is a fitted operator method and it is explicit with a Variable Fitting Factor (VFF) evaluated at all nodal points. To reduce the calculation time of the scheme with VFF, the VFF is replaced by a fixed Constant Fitting Factor (CFF). It is implicit with a CFF which is evaluated only one time at the initial nodal point. These two schemes are both optimal concerning the small parameter and uniform of order three.
The three order methods presented in this document are superior to the three order methods available in the literature. To view the initial layer when the mesh size is larger than the parameter in the problem, these two fitted operator methods are extended to fitted mesh methods since fitted mesh methods are layer rescaling. The construction of the fitted mesh method is also provided. That is, the uniform mesh is extended to non-uniform mesh. Experimental results are presented to show the optimal and higher-order performance of the two numerical methods using three test problems.
Nano-optical designs enhance monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells toward 29.8% efficiency
Authors: Tockhorn Philipp , Sutter Johannes , Cruz Alexandros , Wagner Philipp , Jäger Klaus , Yoo Danbi , Lang Felix , Grischek Max , Li Bor , Al-Ashouri Amran , Köhnen Eike , Stolterfoht Martin , Neher Dieter , Schlatmann Rutger , Rech Bernd , Stannowski Bernd , Albrecht Steve , Becker Christiane 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells allow to overcome the power conversion efficiency limit of market-dominating silicon solar cells. So far, various textured tandem devices were presented aiming at improved optical performance, but highest efficiencies were still realized on polished silicon wafer cells enabling superior perovskite layer properties. Here we present perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with gentle periodic nanotextures which feature various advantages without compromising the material quality of solution-processed perovskite layers. Reflection losses are reduced in comparison to planar tandems and the devices are less sensitive upon deviations from optimum layer thicknesses. The nanotextures also enable excellent perovskite film formation and a greatly increased fabrication yield. The open-circuit voltage improved by about 15 mV due to enhanced electronic properties of the perovskite top cell. In addition, an optically advanced rear reflector with a dielectric buffer layer reduced parasitic absorption at near-infrared wavelengths. Altogether, the improvements enabled a certified power conversion efficiency of 29.80%.
Intraoperative BIS Monitoring Can Predict the Occurrence of EEG Suppression and Improve the Operation Quality
Authors: Zhao Jindi , An Xingwei , Yu Wenli , Weng Yiqi , Sheng Mingwei , Jia Lili , Sun Ying , Du Hongyin , Ming Dong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recent years, researches on diagnosis of anesthesia status and postoperative recovery based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have become increasingly popular. Bispectral index (BIS) is the earliest and most effective indicator for monitoring the depth of clinical anesthesia, and the waveform of intraoperative EEG can be displayed in real time. Excessive anesthesia and other conditions will cause burst suppression (BS) of intraoperative EEG, which will prolong the operation time and ICU stay time, and increase the incidence of postoperative delirium. This study analyzes the changes of intraoperative BIS monitoring on real-time EEG waveform and spectrogram, the results showed that BIS can predict the occurrence of EEG BS and then reduce the operation time and the incidence of postoperative delirium through rational use of intraoperative drugs.
Genkwanin glycosides from the Phaleria nisidai extract improve glucose homeostasis by stimulating insulin-independent glucose uptake.
Authors: Horváth Carla , Houriet Joelle , Moser Caroline , Balazova Lucia , Balaz Miroslav , Dong Hua , Horvath Aron , Efthymiou Vissarion , Rutz Adriano , Marcourt Laurence , Kitalong Chris , Graz Bertrand , Yano Victor , Queiroz Emerson , Wolfender Jean-Luc , Wolfrum Christian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Natural remedies are used as stand-alone treatments or as additives to modern medicine to control hyperglycemia. Here, we investigate the antidiabetic potential of the Palauan traditional leaf decoction of Phaleria nisidai (PNe) using a reverse pharmacology approach. In diet induced obese mice, dietary supplementation with PNe improves insulin sensitivity and promotes glucose uptake into adipose depots. In vitro, PNe triggers insulin-independent glucose disposal into murine and human adipocytes by upregulating Glut1 expression via PKC-ERK1/2 signaling. To identify PNe active principle(s), bioactivity-guided fractionations were performed. We decipher the genkwanin flavone glycosides as active principles found in PNe and demonstrate that the aglycone genkwanin (GE) improves insulin resistance to a comparable extent to metformin. We present GE as promising glucoregulatory phytochemical, which stimulates baseline glucose uptake into metabolically active adipocytes, thus dampening systemic glucose load and restoring insulin sensitivity.
Large-scale analysis reveals the distribution of novel cellular microbes across multiple biomes and kingdoms
Authors: Saary Paul , Kale Varsha , Finn Robert 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Shotgun metagenomics provides access to genetic information of microbes in a culture-independent manner. The recovery of metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) of these organisms enables in-depth analysis of the functional potential of these, often elusive, organisms. While workflows for the recovery of prokaryotic MAGs are established, MAGs of eukaryotic species are seldom reported. To address this, we developed new approaches to improve the recovery of eukaryotic MAGs and applied these to large collections of assembled metagenomes in an effort to systematically identify both prokaryotic and eukaryotic MAGs. Using these approaches we identified 99,073 prokaryotic and 751 eukaryotic genomes, and propose a method for reducing the redundancy of single-celled eukaryotic MAGs at the species level.
Optimizing intra-facility crowding in Wi-Fi environments using continuous-time Markov chains
Authors: Mizuno Shinya , Ohba Haruka 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recently, increased measures are being devised to reduce crowdedness as a countermeasure for the spread of COVID-19. In this study, we propose a solution to reduce intra-facility crowdedness based on the usage of Wifi networks. This study maximizes the Wi-Fi logs that are continually generated in vast quantities in the ever-expanding Wi-Fi network environment to calculate the transition probabilities between nodes and the mean stay time at each node. Then, we model this data as a continuous-time Markov chain to obtain the variance of the stationary distribution, which we use as a metric of intra-facility crowdedness. Therefore, to minimize intra-facility crowdedness, we solved the optimization problem using stay rate as a parameter and demonstrated a numerical solution. In the optimization results, we succeeded in reducing intra-facility crowding by approximately 30%. This solution is a realistic approach for reducing intra-facility crowdedness as it makes adjustments to people’s stay times without any changes in their movements. We used the k-means method to categorize Wi-Fi users into a set of classes and documented the behavioral characteristics of each class, which helped implement class-specific measures to reduce intra-facility crowdedness. This enables facility managers to implement fine-grained countermeasures against crowdedness according to circumstances. Herein, we describe our computing environment and workflow for the basic analysis of vast quantities of Wi-Fi logs. Because the data we used are general-purpose, we believe that this research will be useful for both analysts and facility operators.
Paresis as a limiting factor in the reproductive efficiency of a nesting colony of Lepidochelys olivacea in La Escobilla beach, Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Buenrostro-Silva Alejandra , García-Grajales Jesús , Sánchez-Nava Petra , Ruíz-Gómez María Lourdes 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Rear flippers are crucial in the nesting process of olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea), so any impact on them could constitute a limiting factor in reproductive efficiency. Muscle weakness of the rear legs has been observed in some nesting females on La Escobilla beach in Oaxaca state, Mexico; however, this disorder has not been sufficiently researched. The aim of this study was to identify and describe this problem in a nesting colony of L. olivacea in La Escobilla. We obtained the biochemical profiles of eight females with clinical signs of muscle weakness of the rear legs, that could not build the incubation chamber for their nest. In order to compare their blood characteristics, we selected eight seemingly healthy turtles that successfully built their nests, laid eggs through oviposition and covered the nest. We found no significant differences in most of the blood parameters, except for Creatinine-Kinase (CK). Female turtles with muscle weakness presented significantly higher concentrations of CK (t = 2.1448, d. f.= 2, p<0.0001) when compared to the healthy turtles. CK is an appropriate enzyme for identifying the integrity of the muscle cell and is a muscle damage indicator. Our hypothesis is that the paresis observed in the rear legs of the female turtles in La Escobilla could be a chronic debilitation caused by a gradual exposure to biotoxins such as saxitoxins.
Modelling the Factors Associated With Quality of Life in Females With Osteoporosis: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Moradzadeh Rahmatollah , Zamanian Maryam , Taheri Maliheh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Studying the important factors contributing to different Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) subscales is essential for implementing preventive measures to increase the HRQoL among osteoporotic patients. We here evaluated the variables affecting the mental and physical QoL in a sample population of Iranian osteoporotic women.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the participants included 111 women with osteoporosis in 2013. Physical and mental of QoL were measured by the ECOS-16 questionnaire. Other variables included T-score, age, body mass index, educational level, marital status, duration of the disease, history of bone fracture in the past year, the number of pregnancies, and weekly walking hours. Final regression coefficients were obtained based on the total effects of estimations (decompositions of effects into direct, indirect and total effects) by SEM analysis.Results: The mean scores of physical and mental domains of QoL were 54.12±21.22 and 54.42 ±25.11 respectively. Finally, the mean of T-score was -3.21± 0.92. Based on the regression coefficients calculated in the SEM model, the number of pregnancies(-1.18), and weekly walking hours(2.19) were the main determinants of physical aspect of QoL. Furthermore, age and weekly walking hours significantly influenced the mental aspect of QoL. Conclusions: The present study indicated that weekly walking hours, the number of pregnancies, and disease duration affected physical QoL while weekly walking hours and age were predictors of mental QoL. These results can provide a guide for healthcare decision-makers to improve the life style and HRQoL of patients with osteoporosis.
Acute Kidney Injury Prediction Model After Liver Transplantation Using Grafts From Donors After Cardiac Death
Authors: Liu Haixia , Wang Xin , Xu Manman , Wang Yi , Wu Jing , Lai Man , Li Guangming , Meng Qinghua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background and Aims: Using grafts from donors after cardiac death (DCD) influence the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) after liver transplantation (LT). The goal of this study is to develop a novel prediction model that quantifies the impact of each risk factor on AKI after transplantation using DCD grafts.Methods: Total of 132 patients undergoing LT using DCD grafts were evaluated retrospectively to develop a prediction model using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The independent validation cohort included 112 patients recruited prospectively in the same institution. Results: Overall, 103 (42.2%) of the recipients developed AKI. A prediction score model included five risk factors leading to a range of -2 to 8 score points was establishment. The predicted probability of AKI by the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score≥15 alone was 43.9% rising to 85.3% when combined with cold ischemia time (CIT) ≥ 7 hours. Excessive red blood cell (RBC) transfusions during operation also attribute to AKI. Surprisingly, a mild elevate AST pre-transplant was negative with the AKI, while mechanical ventilation ≥ 40 hours was associate with AKI after LT. Three risk classes were defined based on the risk of AKI: high (30%), medium (11-29%), and low (10%). Model fits were adequate in both derivation (P=0.3185) and validation cohorts (P=0.3247).Conclusion: MELD score and CIT were the key determinants of post-LT AKI using DCD grafts. Improved organ preservation techniques and other strategies reducing the IRI may lower the risk of AKI.
First-Principles Study Of The Electronic And Optical Properties Of Ho W Impurities In Tungsten Disulfide
Authors: Leuenberger Michael N. , Khan M. A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The electronic and optical properties of single-layer (SL) tungsten disulfide (WS2) in the presence of substitutional Holmium impurities (HoW) are studied. Although Ho is much larger than W, density functional theory (DFT) including spin-orbit coupling is used to show that Ho:SL WS2 is stable. The magnetic moment of the Ho impurity is found to be 4.75µB using spin-dependent DFT. The optical selection rules identified in the optical spectrum match exactly the optical selection rules derived by means of group theory. The presence of neutral HoW impurities gives rise to localized impurity states (LIS) with f-orbital character in the band structure. Using the Kubo-Greenwood formula and Kohn-Sham orbitals we obtain atom-like sharp transitions in the in-plane and out-of-plane components of the susceptibility tensor, Imχ∥ and Imχ⊥. The optical resonances are in good agreement with experimental data.