bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of crystallograms of oral fluid in the dynamics of treatment of patients with pathology of the oral mucosa
Authors: Makedonova Yu. A. , Aleksandrina E. S. , Dyachenko S. V. , Afanayeva O. Yu. , Kurkina O. N. 
Published: April 2022

One of the express diagnostic methods is a crystallographic study of the oral fluid of this category of patients. Based on the quantitative and qualitative criteria of saliva obtained by the method of wedge dehydration, it is possible to non-invasively assess the effectiveness of the therapy and timely correct the prescribed treatment.Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the crystallograms of the oral fluid in the dynamics of the treatment of patients with pathology of the oral mucosa.Materials and methods. 90 patients were examined with a diagnosis of K12.00 aphthous stomatitis (small), chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mild form). All patients were divided into 3 groups according to the methods of therapy 1:1:1 according to the principle of randomization. To assess the state of the oral fluid of patients with aphthous stomatitis against the background of various methods of treatment, the method of wedge-shaped dehydration was used, where the transition of a drying biological fluid into a solid state leads to a certain static order that can be observed and studied. Saliva was used as the material for the study.Results. A qualitative analysis of the crystallograms revealed various types of structures with inclusions of bent prismatic crystals. Prismatic, fragmentary, curved, X-shaped, skeletal types of crystals were found throughout the entire field of view. At the same time, there was no clear structured picture as a result of a violation of the normal crystallization process.Conclusion. There is a clear need for further research into the molecular etiopathogenesis of these conditions, which should allow the identification of more specific molecular targets for the development of diagnostic tests and therapeutic intervention. Based on the data obtained, the wedge dehydration method used for crystallographic examination of the oral fluid objectively reflects the state of the oral mucosa and can be used as an additional non-invasive method for diagnosing inflammatory and destructive diseases of the oral mucosa, as well as for correcting the treatment plan and monitoring the results of therapy.
Nickel ions release from orthodontic wires into the oral cavity during orthodontic treatment
Authors: Almasry R. , Kosyreva T. F. , Skalny A. A. , Katbeh I. , Abakeliya K. G. , Birukov А. S. , Kamgang W. N. 
Published: April 2022

The medical literature speaks about the influence of the oral cavity environment on the orthodontic archwires containing nickel (Ni) in their structure, causing corrosion of the archwires with the release of nickel ions into the patient’s oral fluids leading to its ingestion. If the nickel content in the body exceeds certain proportions, it is considered hazardous and can cause negative effects on the patient’s body.Aim. To assess whether the clinical application of round thermoactive nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires will risk increasing the concentration of (Ni) ions in the patient’s oral fluids within first two months of the orthodontic treatment.Materials and methods. The Research was conducted on 17 patients, aged 14 to 27 years, fixed metallic orthodontic appliances were used for treatment. Using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, oral fluid Samples were analyzed to determine the preliminary рН. Oral fluid samples were gathered from all participants of the study groups during different periods of time, observation was as follows: Before installation of fixed appliances, immediately after fixing the braces and tying up the thermoactive NiTi archwires, in 7 days, one month and two months after fixation.Results. There were no statistically significant differences in concentration of (Ni) ions in first two months of treatment. However, in (25 %) of samples taken from patients in 1-2 months after the beginning of treatment a small increase in concentration of Ni ions (by 7,5 %) was observed.Conclusions. It is improbable that a thermoactive NiTi archwire has a significant additional Ni load for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.
Information human rights classification: development of approaches
Authors: TYKHOMYROV O. 
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the information aspect of the human rights’ understanding classification aspect from the information law theory standpoint. It is noted that the relevance of the article is due to the information law stage development, which is in its institutions’ design, including the information human rights’ institute, as well as the idea of “Human-centered Future Society” recognition as a basic international law principle in the field of new technologies legal regulation. The traditional criteria of the species distribution of human rights in general and the peculiar features inherent in the actual information human rights are used as classification features. The following classification of information human rights is proposed: by categories of human rights – rights and freedoms; human and citizen rights; first, second, third generation; by spheres of life – civil, political, economic, social, cultural, environmental; according to the peculiarities of state support – negative and positive; by method of implementation – active and passive; by subjects – individual and collective; by definition – legally defined and uncertain; in content – conceptual and specific; by functional purpose – fundamental and instrumental, primary and derivative, procedural. In the instrumental aspect, the newest categories of human rights are highlighted, which are emphasized in connection with the development of IT and the Internet: e-Human Rights, Internet Rights, Digital Rights, Cyber-rights, etc. Special attention is paid to the multifaceted duality of the functional significance of information human rights. Examples are the provisions of international human rights’ standards and Ukrainian legislation that reflect such rights.
Prerequisites for the legal mechanisms development to combat disinformation in social media in the context of national security: problem statement
Authors: MARUSHCHAK A. 
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the preconditions for the legal mechanisms development to combat disinformation in social media in the context of national security. The conclusion is formulated on the necessity of the development of such mechanisms on the basis of constitutional freedom of speech principle, with legislative definition of the exclusive possible restriction list in social media for the sake of national security. It is noted that the difference between legal and corporate internal norms of regulation of social media companies directly affects the effectiveness of national interests’ protection both in the United States and Ukraine. It is concluded that compared to the US government, Ukrainian government has broader constitutional preconditions for the national security interests’ protection, particularly in connection with Russian Federation aggression. It is noted that regulations on combating disinformation in social networks should take into account international human rights requirements, national interests, as well as business processes of social media companies.
Accretion Disk Size Measurements of Active Galactic Nuclei Monitored by the Zwicky Transient Facility
Authors: Guo Wei-Jian , Li Yan-Rong , Zhang Zhi-Xiang , Ho Luis C. , Wang Jian-Min 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We compile a sample of 92 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at z < 0.75 with gri photometric light curves from the archival data of the Zwicky Transient Facility and measure the accretion disk sizes via continuum reverberation mapping. We employ Monte Carlo simulation tests to assess the influences of data sampling and broad emission lines and select out the sample with adequately high sampling cadences (3 days apart in average) and minimum contaminations of broad emission lines. The interband time delays of individual AGNs are calculated using the interpolated cross-correlation function, and then these delays are fitted with a generalized accretion disk model, in which interband time delays are a power function of wavelength, black hole mass, and luminosity. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo method is adopted to determine the best parameter values. Overall the interband time delays can be fitted with the τ ∝ λ
4/3 relation as predicted from a steady-state, optically thick, geometrically thin accretion disk; however, the yielded disk size is systematically larger than expected, although the ratio of the measured to theoretical disk sizes depends on using the emissivity- or responsivity-weighted disk radius. These results are broadly consistent with previous studies, all together raising a puzzle about the “standard” accretion disk model.
A Pulsar Search Method Combining a New Feature Representation and Convolutional Neural Network*
Authors: Zhao Hongyang , Jin Jing , Wang Longqi , Shan Bingjie , Shen Yi , Jiang Yu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The radiation energy of X-ray pulsars is mainly concentrated in the high-energy ray bands, so processing high-energy photon signals is helpful for discovering some young and active pulsars. To quickly and accurately detect effective pulsar signals from a large number of samples within a finite observation time, an automatic identification algorithm for pulsar candidates based on X-ray observations is developed in this paper. First, the autocorrelation operation is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the profile and solve the initial phase misalignment problem. Then, the candidate frequency range is expanded, and the output signal is folded according to these frequencies to obtain a series of profiles. The six statistical features of these profiles are extracted to generate frequency-feature curves. Compared with the traditional epoch folding method, the frequency-feature curves show more consistent characteristics. To improve the classification accuracy, the frequency-feature curves are converted into two-dimensional images, and ConvNets are used for deep feature extraction and classification. A simulation method based on the nonhomogeneous Poisson process is utilized to create the training set, and generative adversarial networks are used for data augmentation to solve the class imbalance problem caused by limited pulsar samples. Finally, the RXTE observation data of PSR B0531+21, PSR B0540-69, and PSR B1509-58 are selected for testing. The experimental results show that the highest recall and precision reached 0.996 and 0.983, respectively. Demonstrating the considerable potential of this method for identifying pulsar candidates based on X-ray observations.
Modeling the GRB 170202A Fireball from Continuous Observations with the Zadko and the Virgin Island Robotic Telescopes
Authors: Gendre B. , Orange N. B. , Moore E. , Klotz A. , Coward D. M. , Giblin T. , Gokuldass P. , Morris D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We present coordinated observations of GRB 170202A carried out by the Zadko and the Virgin Island Robotic Telescopes. The observations started 59 s after the event trigger, and provided nearly continuous coverage for two days, due to the unique locations of these telescopes. We clearly detected an early rise in optical emission, followed by late optical flares. By complementing these data with archival observations, we show that GRB 170202A is well described by the standard fireball model if multiple reverse shocks are taken into account. Its fireball is evidenced as expanding within a constant-density interstellar medium, with most burst parameters being consistent with the usual ranges found in the literature. The electron and magnetic energy parameters (ϵ

e
, ϵ

B
) are orders of magnitude smaller than the commonly assumed values. We argue that the global fit of the fireball model achieved by our study should be possible for any burst, pending the availability of a sufficiently comprehensive data set. This conclusion emphasizes the crucial importance of coordinated observation campaigns of gamma-ray bursts, such as the one central to this work, to answer outstanding questions about the underlying physics driving these phenomena.
Massive Galaxy Mergers Have Distinctive Global H i Profiles
Authors: Zuo Pei , Ho Luis C. , Wang Jing , Yu Niankun , Shangguan Jinyi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The global 21 cm H i emission-line profile of a galaxy encodes valuable information on the spatial distribution and kinematics of the neutral atomic gas. Galaxy interactions significantly influence the H i disk and imprint observable features on the integrated H i line profile. In this work, we study the neutral atomic gas properties of galaxy mergers selected from the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey. The H i spectra come from new observations with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope and from a collection of archival data. We quantify the H i profile of the mergers with a newly developed method that uses the curve of growth of the line profile. Using a control sample of non-merger galaxies carefully selected to match the stellar mass of the merger sample, we show that mergers have a larger proportion of single-peaked H i profiles, as well as a greater tendency for the H i central velocity to deviate from the systemic optical velocity of the galaxy. By contrast, the H i profiles of mergers are not significantly more asymmetric than those of non-mergers.
Where and How Does a Decay-index Profile Become Saddle-like?
Authors: Luo Runbin , Liu Rui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The decay index of solar magnetic fields is known as an important parameter in regulating solar eruptions from the standpoint of the torus instability. In particular, a saddle-like profile of decay index, which hosts a local torus-stable regime at higher altitudes than where the decay index first exceeds the instability threshold, is found to be associated with some confined or two-step eruptions. To understand the occurrence of such a profile, we employed dipoles to emulate different kinds of photospheric flux distributions. Corroborated by observations of representative active regions, our major results are as follows: (1) in bipolar configurations the critical height increases away from the AR center along the polarity inversion line (PIL) and its average is roughly half of the centroid distance between opposite polarities; (2) in quadrupolar configurations saddle-like profiles appear above the PIL when the two dipoles oriented in the same direction are significantly more separated in this direction than in the perpendicular direction, and when the two dipoles are oriented differently or have unequal fluxes; and (3) saddle-like profiles in quadrupolar configurations are associated with magnetic skeletons such as a null point or a hyperbolic flux tube, and the role of such profiles in eruptions is anticipated to be double-edged if magnetic reconnection is involved.
True-positive reflex threshold value for HCV antibody screening test
Authors: Hussin Ainulkhir , Yusof Rusmah , Nor Rahim Mohd Yusof , Dalusim Frederick , Othman Nor Insyirah , Ibrahim Nazlina , Shahidan Muhammad Ashraf 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The use of a signal-to-cut-off ratio has been recommended by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention to determine the need for further validation using a supplemental test. In this study, we aimed to determine the optimal true-positive signal-to-cut-off ratio for the ABBOTT ARCHITECT i2000SR immunoassay (Abbott Laboratories, Illinois, USA), using the Serodia® HCV particle agglutination (HCV-PA) assay (Fujirebio Inc, Tokyo, Japan) as the reference test for anti-HCV screening.
Methodology: We analysed a total of 13,240 specimens using the ARCHITECT i2000SR immunoassay and subsequently subjected all the reactive specimens with a signal-to-cut-off ratio ≥ 1.00 (n = 267) to the Serodia® HCV-PA reference assay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was carried out and performance characteristics for each signal-to-cut-off ratio were determined. The selected signal-to-cut-off ratio value was then assessed using a line immunoassay (LIA) test.
Results: ROC curve analysis determined that the optimal signal-to-cut-off ratio was 5.05, which gave the highest Youden’s Index (J) value of 0.89, with a sensitivity of 93.1% (88.9-97.2), a specificity of 96.0% (92.4-99.4), a positive predictive value of 96.4% (93.3-99.5), and a negative predictive value of 92.2% (87.5-96.8). Validation of the optimal S/Co value using the LIA test yielded an accuracy of 91.8%, with sensitivity and specificity values of 92.0% and 91.7%, respectively.
Conclusions: The optimal signal-to-cut-off ratio value for the ARCHITECT i2000SR immunoassay, which was determined using HCV-PA assay as the reference test and validated using a HCV-LIA assay, showed high sensitivity and specificity, and may be used in routine anti-HCV screening.
Serum level of Selenium, Zinc, and Vitamin C and their relation to the clinical spectrum of leprosy
Authors: Khalid Hesham N , Mostafa Mohammed I , Attia Nayrah Saad , Bazid Heba Allah Saad Eldeen 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease with many risk factors including inadequate nutrient intake and nutritional deficiencies, which affect the immune system, and influence leprosy progression.
Objectives: To elucidate the relation between the serum level of zinc, vitamin C, and selenium and the clinical spectrum of leprosy.
Methodology: A case control study included 100 leprotic patients (50 multibacillary and 50 paucibacillary) and 100 age and sex matched controls. Vitamin C was measured by ELISA, zinc was measured by using centronic colorimetric spectrophotometry, and selenium was measured by Inductivity Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy technique.
Results: Zinc and Vitamin C levels were significantly lower in paucibacillary (mean ± SD = 89.86 ± 20.712 and 2.52 ± 1.27 respectively) and multibacillary (mean ± SD = 81.41 ± 18.61 and 1.98 ± 0.59 respectively) than in controls (mean ± SD = 107.34 ± 3.98 and 4.95 ± 2.45 respectively) (p value < 0.001) with no significant difference between paucibacillary and multibacillary patients (p value = 0.142 and = 0.066 respectively). Selenium level showed no significant difference between the three groups (p value > 0.05) (mean ± SD = 51.27 ± 42.61 in paucibacillary, 47.54 ± 30.21 in multibacillary, and 44.07 ± 46.58 in controls).
Conclusions: Lower serum levels of zinc and vitamin C in leprosy patients may be a result of disease pathogenesis or related to the antioxidants based treatment. It might also present prior to the disease onset due to malnutrition that may have accelerated the development of leprosy.
The effects of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor on chronic liver disease: a meta-analysis
Authors: Shi Pei , Zhang Jianguo , Wu Min , Zheng Ting , Liang An , Wen Zhilong , Wu Xiaoping 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The clinical application of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor on chronic liver disease is still controversial. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor on chronic liver disease.
Methodology: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Chinese Biomedical Literature database. Randomized-controlled trials assessing the efficacy of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor were selected.
Results: Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor was associated with an increasing long-term survival (RR 1.54; 95% CI 1.22 to 1.94; p = 0.0003; heterogeneity: Q = 0.26, I2 = 25%) and an increasing short-term survival (RR 1.44; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.78; p = 0.0009; heterogeneity: Q < 0.00001, I2 = 80%). Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor failed to lower mortality secondary to multiple organ failure (RR 0.65; 95% CI 0.34 to 1.21; p = 0.17; heterogeneity: Q = 0.45; I2 = 0%), gastrointestinal bleeding mortality (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.61 to 1.56; p = 0.91; heterogeneity: Q = 0.35; I2 = 11%) and sepsis mortality (RR 0.27; 95% CI 0.06 to 1.12; p = 0.07; heterogeneity: Q < 0.00001; I2 = 90%). It significantly lowered the Child-Turcotte-Pugh (MD=−0.97, 95% CI −1.48 to −0.45; p = 0.0003; heterogeneity: Q = 0.25; I2 = 28%). No serious adverse events were observed.
Conclusions: Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor resulted in significantly improved 12-month survival and reduced Child-Turcotte-Pugh score with relative safety. Establishment of guidelines and protocols in future clinical trials will promote granulocyte-colony stimulating factor as an effective and safe therapy for chronic liver disease.
Identités transitoires : réflexions psychanalytiques sur les identités transgenres
Authors: Lemma Alessandra 
Published: April 2022

La capacité des transgenres à intégrer toutes les différences entre les sexes et les préférences sexuelles est devenue un puissant moyen d’activisme et d’identification personnelle. Moins qu’un indice de marginalité, le « trans » est devenu un marqueur culturel central. Dans cet article, je soutiendrai que cette étiquette d’identité englobe une gamme complexe de positions psychiques internes en relation avec des préférences sexuelles et des identifications de genre consciemment déclarées. Mon but est d’explorer ce qui peut sembler dans certains cas être une adhésion prématurée au potentiel d’autonomisation de l’identification transgenre à travers mon travail avec des jeunes de moins de 18 ans qui cherchent une intervention médicale pour dysphorie de genre. Cela peut miner le travail psychique douloureux nécessaire pour établir ce que signifie le transgenre pour un jeune donné. Dans une culture ambiante où la question « pourquoi le transgenre » (par opposition à « comment le transgenre ») est perçue comme pathologique, travailler avec ces jeunes gens peut s’avérer difficile pour l’analyste. Le défi consiste à tracer la frontière à égale distance d’un dialogue fondé sur une curiosité, d’une recherche du sens et de la fonction, qui est au cœur d’une approche analytique, et une attitude de « suspicion éclairée » qui n’est pas susceptible de favoriser un dialogue productif.
La vocation politique chez Aron : de la sociologie du charisme à la phénoménologie de l’ambition
Authors: Carré Alexis 
Published: April 2022

La science peut-elle informer la décision politique ? Peut-elle comprendre l’objet politique sans se mettre à la place de celui qui décide ? La position d’Aron sur ces questions s’est forgée au travers d’une confrontation critique avec l’œuvre de Weber. Selon lui, loin de seulement fournir le critère d’une méthode rigoureuse, la neutralité axiologique contient une philosophie implicite qui, poussée jusque dans ses conséquences ultimes, aboutit à une politique nihiliste. Parce qu’il refusait une telle politique, Aron a tâché de réconcilier la compréhension de la réalité politique avec la nécessité du jugement moral, la tâche de la science et celle de la décision politique. Cette démarche se manifeste particulièrement dans sa pensée de la gouvernance et de la nation.