bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient synthesis of isoxepac and 2-ethylanthraquinone via intramolecular acylation catalyzed by chloroaluminate ionic liquids with P2O5
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhang Bin , Zhang Xiaoxin , Wu Hujian , Zhan Haitao , Wang Tao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Acylation reaction directly using carboxylic acid as an acylation agent is the most ideal acylation method but demands rigorous reaction conditions. In this study, an efficient method was used in synthesizing isoxepac and 2-ethylanthraquinone from electron-poor substrates through intramolecular acylation catalyzed by chloroaluminate ionic liquids with P2O5. The condition optimization experiment was carried out, and the yield of isoxepac was improved to 82.7%. By studying the catalyzed intramolecular acylation of 2-(4-ethylbenzoyl) benzoic acid to obtain 2-ethylanthraquinone, the universality of chloroaluminate ionic liquids with P2O5 as catalysts for intramolecular acylation was confirmed. Compared with the original process, using ionic liquids catalysts in catalytic reactions can effectively reduce the amount of waste acid and water produced by post-treatment.
A multi-scale feature extraction fusion model for human activity recognition
Authors: Zhang Chuanlin , Cao Kai , Lu Limeng , Deng Tao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is an important research area in human-computer interaction and pervasive computing. In recent years, many deep learning (DL) methods have been widely used for HAR, and due to their powerful automatic feature extraction capabilities, they achieve better recognition performance than traditional methods and are applicable to more general scenarios. However, the problem is that DL methods increase the computational cost of the system and take up more system resources while achieving higher recognition accuracy, which is more challenging for its operation in small memory terminal devices such as smartphones.So, we need to reduce the model size as much as possible while taking into account the recognition accuracy. To address this problem, we propose a multi-scale feature extraction fusion model combining Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). The model uses different convolutional kernels sizes combined with GRU to accomplish the automatic extraction of different local features and long-term dependencies of the original data to obtain a richer feature representation. In addition, the proposed model uses separable convolution instead of classical convolution to meet the requirement of reducing model parameters while improving recognition accuracy. The accuracy of the proposed model are 97.18% and 96.71% on the WISDM and UCI-HAR datasets respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed model not only obtains higher recognition accuracy but also costs lower computational resource compared with other methods.
Indocyanine Green-enhanced Fluorescence to Assess Bowel Perfusion During Robotic-assisted Rectal Surgery
Authors: Alawfi Homoud Ghazi , Yang Seung Yoon , Alessa Mohammed Yousef , Helmi Hadeel , Sakr Ahmad , Kim Nam Kyu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Anastomotic leakage following rectal surgery is a major complication, which may occur due to insufficient vascular supply. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of using indocyanine green fluorescence angiography for intraoperative assessment of vascular anastomotic perfusion in robotic low anterior resection.Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study that included consecutive patients undergoing robotic low anterior resection for rectal cancer between March 2017 and February 2019. Intra-operative use of indocyanine green fluorescence for assessment of bowel perfusion was performed in patients undergoing rectal surgery after April 2018. Those who underwent the surgery before that comprised the control group. The primary outcome was the occurrence of anastomotic leakage among the two groups.Results: Each group included 48 patients. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of demographic data or tumor characteristics. The planned anastomotic site was revised in 1/48 patients who received indocyanine green fluorescence based on the surgeon’s subjective finding of a hypo-perfused distal segment. Postoperative anastomotic leakage was confirmed clinically and radiologically in one patient (2.8%) in the indocyanine green-group compared to two patients (4.16%) in the control group.Conclusion: Indocyanine green fluorescence may be considered a useful intraoperative tool for assessment of vascular perfusion of bowel during robotic rectal surgery. Change in the site of resection and/or anastomosis may be indicated, possibly affecting the incidence of anastomotic leakage.
Preoperative serum CA19-9 predicts postoperative pancreatic fistula in PDAC patients: retrospective analysis at a single institution.
Authors: Sugita Hiroki , Okabe Hirohisa , Ogawa Daisuke , Hirao Hiroki , Kuroda Daisuke , Taki Katsunobu , Tomiyasu Shinjiro , Hirota Masahiko 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background:
Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a critical complication of pancreatectomy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recent papers reported that serum carbohydrate antigen (CA)19 − 9 levels predicted long-term prognosis. We investigated whether preoperative serum CA19-9 levels were associated with POPF in PDAC patients.
Methods:
This cohort study was conducted at a single institution retrospectively. Clinicopathologic features were determined using medical records.
Results:
Among of 196 consecutive patients who underwent pancreatectomy against PDAC, 180 patients whose CA19-9 levels were above the measurement sensitivity, were registered in this study. The patients consisted of 122 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy and 58 patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy. Several clinicopathological factors, including CA 19 − 9 level, as well as surgical factors were determined retrospectively based on the medical records. Patients with high CA19-9 levels had a significantly higher incidence of POPF than those with low levels (43.9% vs. 13.0%, P < 0.0001). The receiver operating characteristic curves calculated that the cutoff CA19-9 value to predict POPF was 428 U/mL. CA19-9, BMI, curability, and histology were statistically significant risk factors for POPF by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that CA19-9 and BMI levels were statistically significant independent risk factors for POPF. CA19-9 levels were correlated with both histology and curability. Disease free survival and overall survival of patients with higher levels of CA19-9 were significantly shorter than that of patients with lower levels of preoperative serum CA19-9.
Conclusions:
In patients undergoing pancreatectomy for PDAC, higher preoperative CA19-9 levels are a significant predictor for POPF.
Tribological behavior of cathode plasma electrolytic deposited Al2Y4O9 coating on aluminum alloy
Authors: Liu Chenxu , Wen Xiangli , Bai Pengpeng , Meng Yonggang , Tian Yu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ceramic coatings are widely used as protective barriers on the surfaces of various metals and alloys. Herein, a novel surface ceramic treatment, i.e., cathode plasma electrolytic deposition (CPED), is proposed for the surface of an Aluminum (Al) alloy. The coating, prepared in an Y(NO3)3 aqueous solution on the surface of the Al alloy, consists of Al2Y4O9 as the major phase component, Y2O3 as a minor phase component, and amorphous Al2O3 in the grain boundaries. As the applied voltage and deposition time increased, the crystallization of the coatings was enhanced. When deposited at 130 V for 10 min, the contact angle of the ceramic coating reached 141.0 ± 2.6°, indicating an enhanced self-cleaning effect. The ceramic coating also exhibited excellent self-lubricating and anti-wear effects. The friction coefficient of the CPED-treated sample vs. ZrO2 ball or bearing steel ball decreased from 0.55–0.65 to 0.26–0.31 when the load was 3 N and the reciprocating velocity was 10 mm/s. Correspondingly, the wear rate of the CPED-treated sample vs. the ZrO2 ball or bearing steel ball was significantly reduced. Results indicated that CPED is effective for the formation of self-cleaning and anti-wear ceramic coatings on Al alloys.
Endoscopic-assisted descending aortic replacement through a small intercostal incision: a case report
Authors: Wada Takeshi , Sako Hidenori , Kizu Kenya , Tashima Takahiro , Takayama Tetsushi , Miyamoto Shinji 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Descending aortic replacement often involves making large incisions; thus, it results in massive invasions. We report the case of a patient with dilated descending aorta treated using endoscopic-assisted descending aortic replacement with essentially minimal invasions.
Case presentation:
We performed endoscopic-assisted descending aortic replacement with a single incision involving six wounds by trocar puncturing on a 59-year-old man who was diagnosed with dilated descending aorta by stent graft-induced new entry. Subsequently, the patient was discharged on postoperative day 11 without any complications.
Conclusions
Despite minor incisions, our approach can be indicated to almost the same group of patients in whom the conventional approach can be performed. Our procedure involved a single incision of only 8 cm and six wounds by trocar puncturing. Thus, endoscopic-assisted surgery can be a useful option in descending aortic surgery.
The effects of different conditioning contraction protocols of post-activation potentiation on variables of eccentric phases and concentric phase of vertical jumps (source from doctoral dissertation)
Authors: Živanović Vladimir 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose Investigation of the influence of different conditioning contraction protocols on the eccentric variables: depth of descent of body centre of mass (CMJ) and capacity of muscle force, power, and velocity (CMJ and DJ), i.e., velocity at time of rebound. Methods In a sample of 29-students (age: 19.6 ± 0.8), 1 RM was determined by estimating 10 RM, to be stratified in a six-week workout: static conditioning contractions-hold back squat at 120°, dynamic-back squat at 120° (x8), combined-2 back squat at 120° and 2 seconds endurance (x2) [for 12 seconds], and control group-6 to 8 hours of activity per week. After the pre-contractions, they continuously performed shock-plyometrics (50 cm box), triple jump and 5-meter sprint. Training load was 80 % 1 RM.Results A statistically significant increase (13.3, and 9.3 %) was found in (CMJ) spontaneous Hdd ES and ED unlike in EC and C (4.4, 5.5 %). In variables (CMJ) F, P, and V ecc significant performance ranges of experimental groups from 5.9 to 13.3 % were found, unlike in (DJ) variables for which there was no significance. Concentric variable (CMJ) V tr exhibits significance for ED and EC groups (3.4, 4.3 %), and variable (DJ) V tr for ES, ED and EC (2.0, 2.9, 4.1 %, respectively, p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion The most indicated increases (CMJ and DJ) V tr, by practicing contrast sessions i.e., conditioning contraction (CC) or post-activation potentiation, were observed after the application of dynamic (CC), referring to sublimated eccentric manifestations and concentric muscular-mechanical effects.
Optimization of Spin-Lock Times for T1ρ Mapping of Human Knee Cartilage with Bi- and Stretched-exponential Models
Authors: de Moura Hector Lise , Menon Rajiv G. , Zibetti Marcelo V. W. , Regatte Ravinder R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Two optimization criteria based on Cramér-Rao Bounds are compared between each other and with non-optimized schedules for T1ρ mapping using synthetic data, model phantoms, and in-vivo knee cartilage. The curve fitting is done on complex-valued data using an iterative Nonlinear Least Squares (NLS) approach. The optimization criteria are compared based on the Mean Normalized Absolute Error (MNAE) and variance of the estimated parameters. The optimized spin-lock time (TSL) schedules provided improved results over the non-optimized schedules for all cases that were tested. The simulations showed that optimized schedules can reach the same precision and reduce acquisition times by 16.5 minutes (42%) for the bi-exponential model, and 6.6 minutes (22%) for the stretched-exponential model. In the model phantoms experiments, the bi-exponential MNAE was reduced from 0.47 to 0.36, while stretched-exponential from 0.28 to 0.20 with MCRLB. In-vivo knee cartilage experiments show a reduction in bi-exponential MNAE from 0.47 to 0.31, and stretched-exponential from 0.047 to 0.039. The optimized spin-lock times criteria reduced the error in all cases, being more significant in the synthetic data and model phantoms. The optimized TSL schedules can be either used to improve the quality of parameter maps or reduce scan time.
Cost and influencing factors of treatment for neoplasms in underdeveloped regions of China based on SHA2011 and Random Forest Model
Authors: Hu Xiaobin , Che Xinyao , Qi Lei , Dou Feng , Zhao Yini , Li Jianjian , Du Hongmei , Ma Zhibin , Yang Chao , Yang Yaya , Wang Lei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Cancer poses a severe health hazard and a heavy economic burden to mankind. This study, applying the System of Health Accounts 2011 (SHA 2011), aimed to calculate the economic burden of neoplasm in Gansu of China, and to find out problems in the entire financial flow of neoplasm treatment service delivery (including financing scheme, services provider, disease and patients distribution), and to explore influencing factors of hospitalization expenditure with neoplasms.Methods: Macro data was obtained from official yearbook and sampling data were collected with multistage stratified sampling method. Top-down approach was performed to decompose the Current Curative Expenditure (CCE) of neoplasm and the formula to calculate CCE was introduced step-by-step. Multiple linear regression and random forest regression model were used to analyze influencing factors of hospitalization expenditure with neoplasms.Results: The CCE of neoplasm amounted to 4442.269 million CNY in Gansu 2017, more than half of which were directly burdened by patients and their family, and patients were over-reliant on inpatient service provided by hospitals while the service delivered by primary health care establishment were not fully utilized. The middle-aged adults (40-64) and elderly (over 65 years old) consumed majority of expenditure, and the age of female (45-54 years old) with peak of CCE of neoplasm was almost 15 years younger than male (60-64 years old). Additionally, for male, the top three neoplasms in terms of consuming CCE of neoplasm were stomach cancer, colorectal cancer and lung cancer, whereas that were uterine leiomyoma, breast cancer as well as cervix uteri cancer for female. The random forest regression model showed that the top 5 influential factors in the ranking of importance were the length of stay, operation, proportion of drug, neoplasms and institution level.Conclusions: SHA 2011 is a powerful tool to describe financial flow and to link expenditure to treatment of disease, and in aspect of treatment of neoplasm in underdeveloped region of China, the unreasonable financing scheme, unbalanced allocation of medical resource to heath provider, as well as the distinct distribution characteristics of beneficiaries’ expenditure should attract wide attention to policy maker.
Identification of a Novel PPAR Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Su Qiuming , Zhang Shengning , Ran Jianghua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver, which the 5-year survival rate has not substantially improved in the past few decades. We aimed to explore the potential role of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) in HCC progression and diagnosis.
Methods
The clinical information and corresponding gene expression matrix of HCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and International Cancer Genome Consortium databases (ICGC). Consensus cluster analysis was used to identify novel molecular subgroups. ESTMATE, Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter and single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used to determine the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and immune status of the identified molecular subtypes. Functional analyses were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, including Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and Gene Set Variation Analysis. The prognostic risk model was constructed by LASSO analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and validated by ICGC datasets. A nomogram was constructed to predict the prognosis of HCC patients by integrating risk scores and clinical characteristics.
Results
Significant differences in survival for the identified two molecular subgroups. The subgroup with poorer prognosis was associated with higher immune score, higher abundance of immune cell infiltration and correspondingly higher immune status. DEGs between the two molecular subgroups were mainly enriched in the metabolic- and PPAR-pathways. The abnormal expression pattern of PPAR genes (PPARGs) may alter the metabolic activity, affecting the function of the immune system. Moreover, the risk model based on 4 PPARGs (TTC33, TMEM135, TALDO1, and TXNIP) exhibited excellent ability of predictive prognostic. Finally, A nomogram integrating risk scores and clinical features could accurately predict the prognosis of HCC patients.
Conclusion
We constructed and validated a novel PPAR signature associated with the TIME, which exhibited extremely excellent performance in predicting the prognosis of HCC patients.
Gamification to improve medication adherence: a mixed-method usability study for MedScrab
Authors: Li Yan , Phan Huong , Law Anandi V , Roosan Moom R , Karim Mazharul , Baskys Andrius , Roosan Don 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
MedScrab, a gamification-based mHealth app, is a first attempt to deliver crucial life-saving medication information to patients and increase their medication adherence. The paper presents the development of MedScrab and a two-phase mixed-method usability evaluation of MedScrab. Phase I qualitatively evaluated MedScrab using a think-aloud protocol for its usability. With 51 participants, qualitative data analysis of Phase I revealed two themes: positive functionality of the app and four areas of improvement. The improvement recommendations were incorporated into MedScrab’s design. Phase I also validated a widely used mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ). Quantitative data analysis of Phase I reduced the original 18-item MAUQ scale to a 15-item scale with two factors: ease of use (4 items) and usefulness and satisfaction (11 items). Phase II surveyed 83 participants from mTurk using a modified MAUQ. The modified MAUQ scale showed strong internal consistency and high loadings. Data analysis results showed that MedScrab was perceived as ease of use (6.24 out of 7) with high usefulness and satisfaction (5.72 out of 7). The results support the use of the modified MAUQ as a valid instrument for mHealth usability evaluation. However, the instrument should be used with adaptation based on the app's characteristics. This study can serve as a methodological guide for designing, evaluating, and improving mHealth apps.
Linear codes using simplicial complexes
Authors: Sagar Vidya , Sarma Ritumoni 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Certain simplicial complexes are used to construct a subset D of Fm2n and D, in turn, defines the linear code CD over F2n that consists of (v · d) d∈D for v ∈ Fm2n . Here we deal with the case n = 3, that is, when CD is an octanary code. We establish a relation between CD and its binary subfield code C (2) D with the help of generator matrix. For a given length and dimension, a code is called distance optimal if it has the highest possible distance. With respect to the Griesmer bound, five infinite families of distance optimal codes are obtained, and sufficient conditions for certain linear codes to be minimal are established.
Experimental determination of the sorption isotherms of mint
Authors: Chouchane N. , Chouchane H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The equilibrium water content of a product to be dried is essential during storage and solar drying operation by forced convection. These values are often taken from the so-called sorption isotherm graphs. The determination of these isotherms is an essential step to knowing the distribution and the intensity of the water bonds in the products in use. They allow determining the final water content to be reached to optimize the drying conditions of these products and give valuable information on the hygroscopic equilibrium. Therefore, the present work proposes to determine experimentally the desorption isotherms of a medicinal and aromatic agricultural product (mint), using the saturated saline solution method. The experiment is carried out for four different values of temperature: 20°C, 35°C, 45°C and 55°C to study the influence of temperature on the equilibrium graphs of the product and to describe the desorption isotherm of mint for each temperature using a polynomial regression of the experimental points found. Finally it was compared with the Henderson model.
The complete chloroplast genome of Acer fabri (Aceraceae)
Authors: Zhao Yu-Xue , Zhu Jia-Min , Yang Xia , Wu Liu-Yan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Acer fabri is endemic to the provinces of Guangdong, Jiangxi, Hunan, and Sichuan in China. This study sequenced and analyzed the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of A. fabri. The cp genome was 156,918 bp in length, including a large single-copy (LSC) region of 85,309 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,103 bp, and a pair of invert repeats (IR) regions of 26,753 bp. The analyses predicted 113 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 31 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. The overall GC content of the complete cp genome was 37.90%. Phylogenetic analysis further suggested that A. fabri was closely related to A. olivaceum, with high bootstrap values.
Quantification of muscle tone using shear-wave velocity during anaesthesia induction: a prospective observational study
Authors: Saito Hidehisa , Sugino Shigekazu , Moteki Shoichiro , Kanaya Akihiro , Yamauchi Masanori 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Shear-wave elastography is a non-invasive ultrasound method that provides quantitative information on the elasticity of soft tissues. However, a universal velocity scale for quantification has yet to be developed. This study aimed to determine the shear-wave velocities (SWVs) of the abdominal muscles during anaesthesia induction for future development of a universal scale.
Methods
We enrolled 75 adult patients who received elective surgery with an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of I–III from December 2018 to March 2021. We measured and calculated the SWVs before and after opioid administration (baseline at rest and opioid-induced rigidity condition) and after muscle relaxant administration (zero reference condition). The SWV value was adjusted for subcutaneous fat thickness using our proposed corrections. The SWVs after the adjustment were compared among the values at baseline, opioid-induced rigidity, and complete muscle relaxation using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey–Kramer tests. Significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results
The SWVs in the baseline, opioid-induced rigidity, and complete muscle relaxation conditions after adjustment were 2.08 ± 0.48, 2.41 ± 0.60, and 1.79 ± 0.30 m/s, respectively (p < 0.001 for all comparisons).
Conclusion
The SWV as reference was 1.8 m/s, and the SWVs at rest and opioid-induced rigidity were ~ 10% and ~ 30% higher than the reference, respectively. SWV adjusted for subcutaneous fat thickness may be a scale point for the assessment of muscle tone.
Clinical trial registration:
UMIN Clinical Trials Registry identifier UMIN000034692, registered on October 30th, 2018