bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-world dose adjustments of biologic treatments in psoriasis and their economic impact: a Swedish national population study
Authors: Egeberg Alexander , Freilich Jonatan , Stelmaszuk M. Natalia , Kongerslev Rikke , Apol Eydna , Hansen Jes Birger , Levin Lars-Åke 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
To date, evidence on the dose adjustments of biologics in the real-world treatment of psoriasis is limited. However, dose adjustments may have important clinical and economic implications.

Aims
To study the dose adjustments of individual biologics over time in real-world practice in Sweden.

Methods
A retrospective observational study of adults with moderate to severe psoriasis was conducted based on Swedish national registry data from 2010 to 2018. Treatment episodes were identified for individual patients from the date of drug dispensation to the end of the supply of the drug. Dosing data were expressed as the proportion of treatment episodes with accumulated syringes/vials equal to, above or below the recommended guidelines. Real-world costs were calculated and compared with costs predicted from dosing guidelines.

Results
The mean dose was above recommended levels for all biologics investigated. Weighted mean dose adjustments for adalimumab, etanercept, secukinumab and ustekinumab were 13%, 23%, 8% and 3%, respectively, over the entire treatment period. Higher doses translate to higher costs, including notable increases over time vs. expected costs for secukinumab.

Conclusions
Dose adjustments of biologics are frequent in clinical practice but differ for the various biologics. The mean observed increases in dose above guideline recommendations might indicate perceptions of suboptimal efficacy for biologics, with implications for the cost and cost-effectiveness of these treatments. Further research is warranted to understand the reasons for dose adjustments in clinical practice.
Effectiveness, safety and treatment adherence of biosimilar follow‐on insulin in diabetes management
Authors: Pham Timothy T. , Chen Xiaoxue , Barron John , Hart Richard , Abarca Jacob , DeVries Andrea 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the change in HbA1c after initiation of biosimilar follow‐on insulin (Basaglar) or reference insulin (Lantus) among patients with type 2 diabetes. We also compared treatment adherence, safety events and costs at 1 year after initiation of insulin.Materials and MethodsUsing claims data from a large US health plan during 2016‐2020, we identified adults with type 2 diabetes who initiated either Basaglar or Lantus. Generalized linear regression modelling assessed the differences in outcomes between the two groups. A 0.4% margin was used to determine non‐inferiority for HbA1c.ResultsThe study included 1136 Basaglar users and 6304 Lantus users. Both Lantus and Basaglar groups showed more than 1% reduction in HbA1c over 6 months and over 12 months. Reduction in HbA1c with Basaglar was similar (non‐inferior) to that with Lantus, with an adjusted difference of Basaglar to Lantus of 0.14% (95% CI −0.02 to 0.30) over 6 months and 0.17% (95% CI 0.02 to 0.32) over 12 months. Rates of adverse events were similar for both hypoglycaemia and vascular events. The Basaglar group showed higher adherence in terms of proportion of days covered (adjusted difference 0.06, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.08). Medical costs were similar, but the cost of Basaglar was lower (adjusted mean cost difference −$462, 95% CI −$556 to −$363) after adjustment.ConclusionsIn patients with type 2 diabetes, Basaglar provided similar glycaemic control compared with Lantus, had a similar safety profile and lower drug costs, and showed more favourable adherence.
Comparing a daily versus weekly titration algorithm in people with type 2 diabetes switching from basal insulin to iGlarLixi in the LixiLan ONE CAN randomized trial
Authors: Hramiak Irene , Gerstein Hertzel C. , Leiter Lawrence A. , Yale Jean‐François , Bajaj Harpreet S. , Stewart John , Toutounji Marie‐Josée , Harris Stewart B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo compare the efficacy and safety of a simple daily titration algorithm compared with a weekly dose adjustment of iGlarLixi in people with type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsLixiLan ONE CAN (NCT03767543), a randomized, 26‐week, open‐label, multicentre phase 3 trial conducted in Canada, involved 265 people with type 2 diabetes and an HbA1c of ≥7.5% to ≤ 10.5% or less (≥58 to ≤91 mmol/mol) on basal insulin for 6 months or longer. Participants were randomized 1:1 with instructions to self‐titrate iGlarLixi daily (1 unit/day) or once weekly (2 or 4 units/week) to a common target fasting plasma glucose of 4.4 to 5.6 mmol/L (79 to 101 mg/dl). The primary objective was to show non‐inferiority of the daily versus weekly titration algorithm.ResultsAt 26 weeks, daily titration of iGlarLixi was not inferior to a weekly titration for both the prespecified primary endpoint of change in HbA1c from baseline (least square [LS] mean change: −1.24% vs. −0.92%, respectively; LS mean difference: 0.32%; 95% CI [0.07, 0.57]; P < .0001) and for the secondary endpoint of change in weight from baseline (LS mean change: −0.22 vs. +0.81 kg, respectively; LS mean difference: 1.03 kg; 95% CI [0.01, 2.06]; P < .0001). Indeed, for both the primary and secondary outcome, the daily titration of iGlarLixi was superior. There were no statistically significant differences in hypoglycaemia incidence between the two titration strategies during the 26‐week study.ConclusionA daily titration algorithm for switching basal insulin to iGlarLixi was shown to be non‐inferior and superior for glycaemic control and weight compared with weekly titration.
The quality, safety, feasibility, and interpretive accuracy of echocardiographic and lung ultrasound assessment of COVID‐19 patients using a hand‐held ultrasound
Authors: Dadon Ziv , Levi Nir , Alpert Evan Avraham , Orlev Amir , Belman Daniel , Glikson Michael , Butnaru Adi , Gottlieb Shmuel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe association between COVID‐19 infection and the cardiovascular system necessitates the use of an echocardiogram in this setting. Information on the utilization, safety, and quality of point‐of‐care cardiac and lung ultrasound using a hand‐held device in these patients is scarce.AimsTo investigate the safety, technical aspects, quality indices, and interpretive accuracy of a hand‐held echocardiogram in patients with COVID‐19.MethodsFrom April‐28 through July‐27, 2020, consecutive patients with COVID‐19 underwent hand‐held echocardiogram and lung ultrasound evaluation (Vscan Extend™; GE Healthcare) within 48‐h of admission. The operators recorded a series of technical parameters and graded individual experiences. The examinations were further analyzed by a blinded fellowship‐trained echocardiographer for general quality, proper acquisition, and right ventricular (RV) demonstration.ResultsAmong 103 patients, 66 (64.1%) were male. Twenty‐nine (28.2%) patients could not turn on their left side and 23 (22.3%) could not maintain effective communication. The mean length of each echocardiogram study was 8.5 ± 2.9 min, battery usage was 14 ± 5%, and mean operator‐to‐patient proximity was 59 ± 11 cm. Ninety‐five (92.2%) examinations were graded as fair/good quality. A fair agreement was demonstrated between the operator and the echocardiographer for general ultrasound quality (Kappa = 0.329,p< 0.001). A fair‐good correlation (r= 0.679,p< 0.001) and substantial agreement (Kappa = 0.612,p< 0.001) were demonstrated between the operator and echocardiographer for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), whereas a fair agreement was demonstrated for RV systolic function (Kappa = 0.308,p= 0.002). LVEF agreement was also assessed using the Bland‐Altman analysis revealing a mean bias of −0.96 (95% limits of agreement 9.43 to −11.35;p= 0.075).ConclusionsAmong patients with COVID‐19, echocardiography with a hand‐held ultrasound is a safe and reasonable alternative for a complete formal study (<10% poor‐quality indices). Echocardiogram assessment by the operators during the exam acquisition is reliable for LVEF, while RV systolic function should be subsequently offline reassessed.
From STRs to SNPs via ddRAD‐seq: Geographic assignment of confiscated tortoises at reduced costs
Authors: Biello Roberto , Zampiglia Mauro , Fuselli Silvia , Fabbri Giulia , Bisconti Roberta , Chiocchio Andrea , Mazzotti Stefano , Trucchi Emiliano , Canestrelli Daniele , Bertorelle Giorgio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAssigning individuals to their source populations is crucial for conservation research, especially for endangered species threatened by illegal trade and translocations. Genetic assignment can be achieved with different types of molecular markers, but technical advantages and cost saving are recently promoting the shift from short tandem repeats (STRs) to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Here, we designed, developed, and tested a small panel of SNPs for cost‐effective geographic assignment of individuals with unknown origin of the endangered Mediterranean tortoise Testudo hermanni. We started by performing a ddRAD‐seq experiment on 70 wild individuals of T. hermanni from 38 locations. Results obtained using 3182 SNPs are comparable to those previously obtained using STR markers in terms of genetic structure and power to identify the macro‐area of origin. However, our SNPs revealed further insights into the substructure in Western populations, especially in Southern Italy. A small panel of highly informative SNPs was then selected and tested by genotyping 190 individuals using the KASP genotyping chemistry. All the samples from wild populations of known geographic origin were genetically re‐assigned with high accuracy to the original population. This reduced SNPs panel represents an efficient molecular tool that enables individuals to be genotyped at low cost (less than €15 per sample) for geographical assignment and identification of hybrids. This information is crucial for the management in‐situ of confiscated animals and their possible re‐allocation in the wild. Our methodological pipeline can easily be extended to other species.
Birth relatives’ perspectives about same‐gender parent adoptive family placements
Authors: Farr Rachel H. , Vázquez Cassandra P. , Lapidus Emily P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLittle research exists about the experiences of birth relatives connected to lesbian and gay (LG) parent adoptive families. Using mixed methods, we examined the perspectives of birth relatives and other adoption triad members (adoptive parents, adoptees). First, from interviews with birth relatives (N = 62) in the USA, we explored openness to same‐gender parent adoptive placements. Next, we conducted a thematic analysis from interviews with a subsample (n = 24) whose child was placed with LG adoptive parents about why LG parents were chosen. Finally, eight (of these 24) were connected to seven LG adoptive parent families who were participants in a larger study. Among these adoption triads, we investigated how members described their contact experiences. Results showed that most birth relatives were open to placements with same‐gender couples, and those who had done so often made this decision intentionally for various specific reasons. Birth relatives tended to be satisfied with adoptive family contact and desired more in the future. Adoption triad members generally reported warm feelings toward each other and commitments to continued contact. These findings provide insight about diverse conceptualizations of kinship, how contact can be effectively navigated across complex family relationships, and implications for adoption practice and policy.
Is there compression or expansion of morbidity in the Philippines?
Authors: Cruz Grace Trinidad , Cruz Christian Joy Pattawi , Saito Yasuhiko 
Published: June 2022

AimsThis study contributes to previous initiatives examining healthy and active aging in the Philippines.MethodsWe employed the Sullivan method to calculate healthy life expectancy (HLE) and active life expectancy (ALE) using the 2007 Philippine Survey on Aging and the 2018 Longitudinal Study of Ageing and Health. We compared the estimates at two time points, providing evidence of change over time.ResultsThere was no statistically significant change in the relative proportion of HLE over time for both sexes, suggesting dynamic equilibrium. For men, the increase in life expectancy was mainly an increase in unhealthy state (UHLE). The slight increases in HLE for all ages were not statistically significant. The differences in relative increase in HLE were not statistically significant. HLE for women increased over time, with statistically significant increases at ages 60 and 70 years. ALE declined in all age groups for both sexes, but the decline was statistically significant only among women in their 60s and 70s. There was also a statistically significant decline in the proportion of remaining life in an active state for all ages among both men and women, suggesting an expansion of morbidity.ConclusionsFindings suggest no evidence of compression of morbidity in the Philippines from 2007 to 2018. The HLE results suggest a dynamic equilibrium, while ALE results indicate an expansion of morbidity. The findings emphasize the need for the government to promote life course interventions that foster healthy choices and conduct further research to understand the factors influencing longevity and active aging in the Philippines. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 511–515.
Skin wetness sensitivity across body sites commonly affected by pain in people with migraine
Authors: Buoite Stella Alex , Filingeri Davide , Garascia Gabriele , D’Acunto Laura , Furlanis Giovanni , Granato Antonio , Manganotti Paolo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate skin wetness perception and thermal sensitivity in people with migraine and similar healthy controls.BackgroundEnvironmental triggers, such as cold and humidity, are known triggers for pain in people with migraine. Sensory inputs might be implicated in such heightened responses to cold‐humid environments, such that a migraine‐induced hypersensitivity to cold wetness could be present in people with migraine. However, we lack empirical evidence on skin thermal and wetness sensitivity across skin sites commonly associated with reported pain in migraine, such as the forehead.MethodsThis prospective cross‐sectional observational study, conducted in a university hospital setting, evaluated skin wetness perceptions and thermal sensations to wet non‐noxious warm‐wet, neutral‐wet, and cold‐wet stimuli applied to the forehead, the posterior neck, and the index finger pad of 12 patients with migraine (mean and standard deviation for age 44.5 ± 13.2 years, 7/12 [58%] women) and 36 healthy controls (mean and standard deviation for age 39.4 ± 14.6 years, 18/36 [50%] women).ResultsOn the forehead, people with migraine reported a significantly higher wetness perception than healthy controls across all thermal stimulus (15.1 mm, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8 to 28.5, p = 0.027, corresponding to ~ 15% difference), whereas no significant differences were found on the posterior neck nor on the index finger pad. We found no differences among groups in overall thermal sensations (−8.3 mm, 95% CI: −24.0 to 7.3, p = 0.291; −7.8 mm, 95% CI: −25.3 to 9.7, p = 0.375; and 12.4 mm, 95% CI: −4.0 to 28.9, p = 0.133; forehead, posterior neck, and index finger, respectively).ConclusionThese findings indicate that people with migraine have a heightened sensitivity to skin wetness on the forehead area only, which is where pain attacks occur. Future studies should further explore the underlying mechanisms (e.g., TRPM8‐mediated cold‐wet allodynia) that lead to greater perception of wetness in people with migraine to better understand the role of environmental triggers in migraine.
Triptan medication use among patients with migraine with contraindications in the US
Authors: Pero Adriana , Pace Anna , Dhamoon Mandip S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe sought to investigate the prevalence of triptan use among patients with migraine who have contraindications to triptan usage, and to explore specifics of the medication prescribed, dosage, and route of administration.BackgroundTriptan medications are a mainstay of acute migraine therapy, but little is known about prevalence and patterns of triptan prescribing among patients with contraindications in the United States.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we used data from the IBM Marketscan database to identify patients aged ≥ 18 years with migraine from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2017, using International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification 10 codes. Contraindications to triptan medications were identified by review of package labels as listed on the US Food and Drug Administration website. Triptan medications were identified from the IBM Micromedex Redbook linked to prescription claims along with route of administration and dosage.ResultsOf 1,038,472 individuals diagnosed with migraine, 400,112 (38.5%) were prescribed triptan medication, and of those who were prescribed a triptan, 55,707 (13.9%) had at least one contraindication, with the most common contraindication being cardiac arrhythmia (33,696/400,112 individuals, 8.4%) followed by cerebrovascular disease (14,787/400,112, 3.7%) and coronary artery disease (10,236/400,112, 2.6%). Sumatriptan was the most prescribed triptan (261,736/1,038,472, 25.2%), and the subcutaneous and intranasal routes were more commonly prescribed among those with contraindications compared with those without contraindications.DiscussionA substantial proportion of patients with migraine with contraindications were prescribed triptan medications. These findings call for further research on the outcomes of patients with medical contraindications who are prescribed triptan medications, and for greater clarity in prescribing guidelines about the optimal approach for acute therapy among patients with migraine.
Updated generic search filters for finding studies of adverse drug effects in Ovid medline and Embase may retrieve up to 90% of relevant studies
Authors: Golder Su , Farrah Kelly , Mierzwinski‐Urban Monika , Barker Beth , Rama Anna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe most current objectively derived search filters for adverse drug effects are 15 years old and other strategies have not been developed and tested empirically.ObjectiveTo develop and validate search filters to retrieve evidence on adverse drug effects from Ovid medline and Ovid Embase.MethodsWe identified systematic reviews of adverse drug effects in Epistemonikos. From these reviews, we collated their included studies which we then randomly divided into three tests and one validation set of records. We constructed a search strategy to maximise relative recall using word frequency analysis with test set one. This search strategy was then refined using test sets two and three and validated on the final set of records.ResultsOf 107 systematic reviews which met our inclusion criteria, 1948 unique included studies were available from medline and 1980 from Embase.Generic adverse drug effects searches in medline and Embase achieved 90% and 89% relative recall, respectively. When specific adverse effects terms were added recall was improved.ConclusionWe have derived and validated search filters that retrieve around 90% of records with adverse drug effects data in medline and Embase. The addition of specific adverse effects terms is required to achieve higher recall.
Effects of shared characteristics between eco‐labels: A case for organic and local food
Authors: Chen Junhong , Lai John , Chen Xuqi , Gao Zhifeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFood labels are created to reduce information asymmetry and help consumers make better food choices. However, the labels may have unanticipated effects, especially when they share common characteristics that may introduce confusion in making food choices. This study investigates how perceived relationships between different food labels may affect the price premiums of organic and local attributes for milk and fresh strawberries. Results show that the impacts of perception vary by product and label, and different food labels could positively affect price premiums on organic and local products. Results provide policy implications for better labeling and educational programs to reduce inadvertent confusion and improve consumer decision‐making.
Consumer behaviour towards chicken breasts affected with myopathy (Wooden Breast): face‐to‐face vs. online tests
Authors: da Rocha Thayse C. , Olegario Lary S. , de Carvalho Leila M. , Pereira Deyse A. , González‐Mohino Alberto , Ventanas Sonia , Estévez Mario , Madruga Marta Suely 
Published: June 2022

SummaryThe incidence of the Wooden Breast myopathy (WB) in the meat industry is increasingly high and causes economic losses. This work seeks to study the impact of this myopathy on consumer perception. The aim of this study was to evaluate consumers' degree of knowledge, acceptability and purchase intention of chicken breasts affected by the WB. In face‐to‐face scenario, 197 participants evaluated samples of Normal (N), Moderate (WBM) and Severe WB (WBS) breasts fillet, whereas in the online scenario 200 participants analysed the photographic images of the samples. Participants' perceptions did not show differences among informed conditions, conversely to the scenario. N samples show higher scores in both tests in the face‐to‐face scenario, but this was not the case for the samples evaluated in the online scenario, where WBM samples were better accepted and did not present differences compared with N breast samples regarding purchase intention. This work shed light on the importance of the scenario for consumer perception and the necessity of reformulated objectives and experimental designs in the current pandemic context.
Application and characterisation of industrial brewing by‐products in biodegradable starch‐based expanded composites
Authors: Lopes Aline Carvalho , Klosowski Ana Beatriz , Carvalho Benjamim Melo , Olivato Juliana Bonametti 
Published: June 2022

SummaryConcern headed under waste management promotes the development and application of biodegradable materials. Naturally occurring lignocellulosic fibres, such as malt bagasse (MB), are often low‐cost industrial by‐products with attractive properties. This work focused on extruding starch‐based expanded composites, containing two different brewing residues, Pilsen malt bagasse (PMB) and Weiss malt bagasse (WMB). Their mechanical, thermal and structural properties were evaluated. The expansion index was higher in the WMB10 extruded composite (25.73 ± 4.75), also evident in the SEM‐FEG images which show more quantity and uniformity of pores. WMB5 and WMB10 resulted in a 50% decrease in composite water solubility relative to the Control. The hardness (N) of the samples was reduced by using MB fibres of both types, producing a less stiff and brittle material, which contributes to a potential application as alternative biodegradable packaging for non‐biodegradable materials based on expanded polystyrene.