bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fostering egalitarianism for team learning in professional service teams
Authors: Batt-Rawden Victoria H. , Traavik Laura E.M. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore what contributes to egalitarian teams and facilitates for team learning in professional service teams.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative case study, including 41 in-depth interviews (n = 18) of professional service team members and managers in one of Nordics largest professional service companies was conducted.

Findings
This study reveals how acknowledgement of generational differences and humour can facilitate egalitarianism and psychological safety for members of professional service teams. This in turn relates to team learning processes and behaviours. Humour creates a “safe space” between team members representing different areas of the novice–expert continuum for idea generation and knowledge sharing.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first to contribute with insight on experiences and expectations of humour as an enabling mechanism for egalitarianism and team learning in professional service teams. The findings provide professional service firms with valuable and tangible insights, which could serve as a basis for designing learning and training practices.
Trait coordination in boreal mosses reveals a bryophyte economics spectrum
Authors: Grau‐Andrés Roger , Kardol Paul , Gundale Michael J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

The study of plant trait spectra and their association with trade‐offs in resource use strategy has greatly advanced our understanding of vascular plant function, yet trait spectra remain poorly studied in bryophytes, particularly outside of the Sphagnum genus. Here, we measured 25 traits related to carbon, nutrient and water conservation in 60 moss canopies (each dominated by one of 15 moss species) across diverse boreal forest habitats and used bi‐variate correlations and multi‐variate analyses to assess trait coordination and trait spectra.

We found substantial trait coordination along a main principal components axis driven by trade‐offs in carbon, nutrient and water conservation strategies. Along this trait spectrum, traits varied from resource‐acquisitive at one end (e.g. high maximum photosynthetic capacity, high tissue nitrogen content, low water‐holding capacity) to resource‐conservative at the other end, in line with resource economics theory.

Traits related to carbon turnover (photosynthesis and respiration rates, litter decomposability) were positively related to nitrogen content and to desiccation rates, in line with global trait spectra in vascular plants. However, architectural traits of the moss shoots and of the moss canopy were generally unrelated to the main axis of trait variation and formed a secondary axis of trait variation, contrary to what is observed for vascular plants.

Resource‐conservative trait spectra dominated in moss canopies from open and wet habitats (i.e. mires), indicating that high irradiance and possibly high moisture fluctuation induce a resource‐conservative trait strategy in mosses.

Synthesis. Our work suggests that trait relationships that are well established for vascular plants can be extended for bryophytes as well. Bryophyte trait spectra can be powerful tools to improve our understanding of ecosystem processes in moss‐dominated ecosystems, such as boreal or arctic environments, where bryophyte communities exert strong control on nutrient and carbon cycling.
North–South asymmetry, unilateral environmental policy and carbon tariffs
Authors: Hong Liming , Huang Wei , Anwar Sajid , Lv Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on the potential impact of a carbon tariff on carbon emissions, North–South trade and welfare. We use a North–South trade model, where North implements a unilateral environmental policy on domestic carbon‐intensive industries followed by a carbon tariff on imports from South. Unlike the existing studies, we allow asymmetry in clean production technologies and marginal environmental damage. We show that a carbon tariff can reduce the global carbon emission via the use of a more advanced clean production technology in North, which increases the firm profit and welfare. However, improvement in welfare of North is associated with a decrease in global trade flows and welfare of South. We find that, in the presence of asymmetry in clean production technologies between North and South, a carbon tariff introduced by the North can eliminate carbon leakage, but the exports of South decrease below the pre‐unilateral environmental policy level and hence North can potentially use a carbon tariff for trade protectionism in the name of reducing carbon leakage in South.
A method for the development of cranial fracture histology slides
Authors: Isaac Carolyn V. , Cornelison Jered B. , Devota Clara J. , Bailey Kristi , Langworthy Jonathan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCranial vault fractures are of medicolegal interest as they have long‐term impacts to someone's health and may contribute to an individual's death. The ability to distinguish antemortem from perimortem fractures and to assess the age of the injury is increasingly dependent on histology. Despite the increasing role of histology in assessing the microanatomy of osseous fractures, there are no methods currently available which account for the nuances and difficulties in creating high‐quality histologic slides of cranial vault fractures that allow visualization of cellular features associated with healing bone. The authors present a modified method specific to slide development of human cranial vault fractures derived from the trial‐and‐error process of creating 730 such slides over a 3‐year period which are suitable for the evaluation of the tissues, cells, and nuclei involved in fracture healing. This method adapts and troubleshoots typical histological procedures including sample excision, fixation, decalcification, dehydrating, clearing, embedding, microtomy, and staining, and introduces new procedures including preprocessing photography and cassette placement. By implementing these modifications, the number of poor‐quality slides that required a new section to be sent to the histology laboratory was greatly reduced. Proactively implementing this new method into cranial fracture histologic slide development significantly reduces the number of slide rejections due to common issues like folding, chatter, or insufficient staining, saving both time and financial resources for forensic practitioners, researchers, and histotechnologists.
A quantitative RT‐qLAMP for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and human gene in clinical application
Authors: Yu Yejiong , Zhou Johnny X. Y. , Li Binbin , Ji Mengmeng , Wang Yun , Carnaby Emma , Andersson Monique I. , Huang Wei E. , Cui Zhanfeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractReverse transcription (RT) – loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay is a rapid and one‐step method to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 in the pandemic. Quantitative estimation of the viral load of SARS‐CoV‐2 in patient samples could help physicians make decisions on clinical treatment and patient management. Here, we propose to use a quantitative LAMP (qLAMP) method to evaluate the viral load of SARS‐CoV‐2 in samples. We used threshold time (TT) values of qLAMP, the isothermal incubation time required for the fluorescent or colorimetric signal to reach the threshold, to indicate the viral load of clinical samples. Similar to the cycle threshold (Ct) values in conventional qPCR, TT values of qLAMP show a linear relationship to the copy numbers of SARS‐CoV‐2. The higher the viral loadings, the lower qLAMP TT values are. The RT‐qLAMP assay was demonstrated to quantify the viral loads of synthesized full‐length RNA, inactivated viral particles (BBIBP‐CorV), and clinical samples within 15 min by fluorescent reading and 25 min by colorimetric reading. The RT‐qLAMP has been applied to detect Alpha, Beta, Kappa, Delta, and Omicron variants of SARS‐CoV‐2, as well as the human beta‐actin gene, and their TT values showed the linear patterns. The RT‐qLAMP assays were evaluated by 64 clinical samples (25 positives and 39 negatives) for the assessment of viral loads, and it was also used to quantify the human beta‐actin gene, which was used as a control and an indicator of sampling quality in clinical swab samples. The result of RT‐qLAMP was in good agreement with the result of RT‐qPCR. The RT‐qLAMP assay detected all clinical samples, including those with Ct = 35, within 10 min using fluorescent reading.
On opinion, freedom of speech and its responsibilities
Authors: Brüssow Harald 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPlato and Aristotle place opinion intermediate between knowledge and ignorance with all opinions under the suspicion of error. Kant summarized that opinion is a consciously insufficient judgement, subjectively and objectively. Belief is subjectively sufficient, but is recognized as being objectively insufficient. Only knowledge is subjectively and objectively sufficient. Despite this philosophically doubtful value of opinions, thinkers such as Milton, Locke, Montesquieu and Mill maintain that the freedom of opinion and speech are the basis of open societies but find limits when it represents a definite risk of damage, either to an individual or to the public. Also the UN Covenant on Civil and Political Rights proclaims the right to hold opinions without interference provided that it respects the rights or reputations of others and does not interfere with the protection of public health. Hate speech and propaganda for war are expressively prohibited. Postwar US politicians formulated the position that every man has a right to his own opinion, but no man has a right to be wrong in his facts. The impact of this discussion on opinions about control measures of the COVID‐19 pandemic is explored in this editorial.
A retrospective multi‐centre study of splenic volumes measured by CT following splenic artery angioembolisation for high‐grade blunt splenic injuries in adults
Authors: Bell Alastair , Patel Bhavik , Rapier Cheryl , Campbell Don , Grieve John 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionSplenic artery embolisation is a recognised modality in the management of high grade blunt splenic injury. The impact of embolisation on the spleen in terms of volume and function remains unclear. This results in a lack of clarity regarding post embolisation vaccination policy.MethodsThis was a two‐centre, retrospective observational study over a 24‐month period involving all patients who underwent splenic artery embolisation for high grade blunt splenic trauma (AAST grades III–V). Splenic volumes were calculated from an initial CT and a repeat CT at 6 months post embolisation. Subgroup analysis was performed analysing the location of embolisation, AAST grading, and evidence of splenic dysfunction as defined by the presence of altered red cell morphology.ResultsThirty patients achieved successful splenic salvage with angioembolisation. Mean volume loss was 44.14 cm3 (P = 0.038), with decreased volumes for distal embolisation and increased volumes for proximal embolisation. Three patients had altered red cell morphology; two demonstrated recovery at 6 months, with the third lost to follow up. There were significant associations between, initial splenic volume, AAST grade of injury, and altered red cell morphology. There was no significant association between location of embolisation, initial splenic volumes, or percentage volume change.ConclusionThis study demonstrated a statistically significant change in splenic volume post angioembolisation in trauma, which was associated with AAST grading but not location of embolisation. The low rate of altered red cell morphology appears transient.
Free‐of‐charge dispensing of antipsychotics for schizophrenia in Denmark: Impact on the nationwide prescription registry and redemption of somatic medications
Authors: Rohde Christopher , Højlund Mikkel , Gasse Christiane , Hallas Jesper , Köhler‐Forsberg Ole 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveFree‐of‐charge dispensing of antipsychotics for schizophrenia was introduced in Denmark around 2008. However, free‐of‐charge dispensing is not recorded in the Danish National Prescription Register (DNPR), potentially introducing bias and misclassification.MethodsWe identified all 30 275 individuals with a first‐episode schizophrenia diagnosis in Denmark between 1 January 1999 and 1 March 2017 including all redeemed prescriptions registered in the DNPR during the 2 years after the schizophrenia diagnosis. For each calendar year, we calculated the proportion of individuals who had filled ≥1 prescription for psychotropic and/or somatic medications within the first 2 years after the schizophrenia diagnosis.ResultsFrom 2007 to 2017, the proportion of individuals with prescription‐records for any psychotropic medication during the 2 years after the schizophrenia diagnosis decreased from 88% to 74%, particularly antipsychotics (from 83% to 61%) and antidepressants (from 49% to 35%). This was particularly observed among those aged 18–30 years at the schizophrenia diagnosis. A similar decrease was not observed for prescription‐records of somatic medications.ConclusionThe introduction of free‐of‐charge antipsychotics has affected the redemption of specific psychotropic drugs in the DNPR in first‐episode schizophrenia. This limitation needs to be considered in register‐based studies and emphasizes the need to identify solutions.
Clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological findings in localized human monkeypox: a case from northern Italy
Authors: Maronese Carlo A. , Beretta Andrea , Avallone Gianluca , Boggio Francesca L. , Marletta Dario A. , Murgia Giulia , Cusini Marco , Gori Andrea , Carrera Carlo G. , Di Benedetto Alessandra , Ramoni Stefano , Marzano Angelo V. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Adapting the protocol for narrative exposure therapy for adults with mild intellectual disabilities
Authors: Marlow Katie , Schröder Thomas , Tickle Anna , Renton Jess 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundNarrative exposure therapy (NET) is a trauma‐focused cognitive behavioural therapy, recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in 2018, to treat posttraumatic stress disorder in adults. There is a lack of research exploring the effectiveness of NET with adults with intellectual disabilities. The aim of this study is to develop an adapted version of the NET protocol (IDNET) for use with adults with mild intellectual disability.MethodsA qualitative research design was employed. Stage one involved systematically adapting the NET protocol for adults with mild intellectual disabilities in collaboration with a service user group comprising eight consultants. Stage two involved gaining professionals' views on the adapted protocol and on the use of NET in intellectual disability services. This comprised a focus group of eight clinical psychologists specialising in intellectual disabilities and an expert panel of three NET clinicians. The framework approach was conducted on the focus group data only following guidance from a previous study.FindingsAn adapted NET protocol and collection of ‘easy read’ therapy materials were developed (IDNET), which incorporated feedback from the three stakeholder groups. Key concepts of ‘Optimism and motivation to adapt NET for people with mild intellectual disabilities’ and ‘Factors related to NET in practice’ were developed to describe the views of clinical psychologists. A number of issues were raised by professionals regarding the delivery of IDNET.ConclusionsProfessionals were optimistic about IDNET; however, issues raised regarding the delivery of IDNET require exploration when IDNET is trialled in practice. Specific implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.
Cost‐effectiveness and estimated net monetary benefits of a fluoride varnish application program during well‐child visits by 9‐ to 30‐month‐old children in three areas of Thailand
Authors: Nantanee Ratichanok , Sriratanaban Jiruth 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the cost‐effectiveness and estimated net monetary benefits of a fluoride varnish application program during well‐child visits in young children in three Thai provinces. Costs and benefits from both the provider and patients are presented.MethodsCost‐effectiveness and estimated net monetary benefit analysis of one to five visits for fluoride varnish application using a retro‐prospective cohort study design. Cost and outcomes were estimated using dental personnel survey data, hospital procurement data and guardian survey. The primary outcomes were decayed (treatment needed), missing due to caries and filled teeth (dmft).ResultsFrom the provider's perspective, one to three visits for fluoride varnish application decreased dmft and saved costs compared to no visits, one visit and two visit strategies (ICER = −468.36, −424.40 and −65.72, respectively). These strategies also showed an estimated net monetary benefit of 430.89, 216.44 and 7.23 THB, respectively. From the patient's perspective, the estimated net monetary benefits were positive for up to three visits (383.24, 212.45 and 45.82 THB, respectively); however, the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios were no different with these strategies (ICER = −416.56). The one and two visit strategies had a very high chance of showing cost saving in the probabilistic sensitivity analysis (97.1% and 95.5%, respectively).ConclusionsThe one to three visits fluoride varnish application program during well‐child visits appears to be cost‐effective with estimated net benefit interventions for dental caries prevention. These findings suggest that children between 9 and 30 months old should attend at least three visits of the fluoride varnish application program during well‐child visits.
Objectives and curriculum for a graduate business analytics capstone: Reflections from practice
Authors: Anand Tej , Mitchell Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMany higher education institutions have responded to the significant shortage of professionals with strong analytical expertise by offering graduate programs in business analytics and data science. These programs are typically designed to be practitioner focused and many of them offer a Capstone course that gives students the opportunity to conduct a real‐world analytics project. In this article, we describe the innovative design of a Capstone course offered to cohorts of approximately 110 graduate students in the business school at the University of Texas, Austin. This course is designed to deliver self‐directed and experiential learning from interacting with business stakeholders and successfully completing team‐based, business analytics projects within a commercial firm using the firm's data. The course design includes student and sponsor engagement, the formation of diverse balanced project teams, matching of teams with projects, and scaffolding, which includes consistent structured mentoring, team reflections, interim deliverables and in‐class learning for practical skills not covered elsewhere in the curriculum. This course has now been offered successfully to two cohorts. In this article, we will also describe changes made for the second cohort related to team formation, project matching, mentoring and in‐class learning. These changes were based on feedback from the first cohort.
What do male and female zebrafish prefer? Directional and colour preference in maze tasks
Authors: Marcon Matheus , Benvenutti Radharani , Gallas‐Lopes Matheus , Herrmann Ana Paula , Piato Angelo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStudies regarding the animals' innate preferences help elucidate and avoid probable sources of bias and serve as a reference to improve and develop new behavioural tasks. In zebrafish research, data obtained in behavioural assessments are often not replicated between research groups or even inside the same laboratory raising huge concerns about replicability and reproducibility. Among the potential causes that are not well considered, sexual differences can be a probable source of bias. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the male and female zebrafish directional and colour preferences in the plus‐maze and T‐maze behavioural tasks. Experiment 1 evaluated directional preference, and experiment 2 evaluated colour preference in a plus‐maze task; experiment 3 evaluated preference between black or white in a T‐maze task. Individual preferences were expressed as the percentage of time spent in each zone. Our results showed that male and female zebrafish demonstrated no difference in directional preference in the plus‐maze task. Surprisingly, male and female zebrafish showed colour preference differences in the plus‐maze task; males did not show any colour preference, while female zebrafish demonstrated a red preference compared to white, blue and yellow colours. Moreover, both male and female zebrafish demonstrated a strong black colour preference compared to the white colour in the T‐maze task. Our findings characterized the spontaneous preference of male and female zebrafish for direction and colour, identifying possible biases and providing insights that contribute to the standardization of future protocols.
Evolution of choosiness dictates whether search costs of mate choice enhance speciation by sexual selection
Authors: Yukilevich Roman , Aoki Fumio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe role of sexual selection in speciation is implicated in both empirical case studies and larger comparative works. However, sexual selection faces two major problems in driving speciation. First, because females with novel preferences search for their initially rare males, search costs are expected to curtail initial sexual divergence. Second, if these populations come back into sympatry, sexual divergence may be erased due to hybridization. A major goal is to understand which conditions increase the likelihood of overcoming these problems. Here we generated a diploid population genetic model of how female search costs and evolution of female ‘choosiness’ (i.e. preference strength) interact to drive speciation in allopatry and secondary contact. We studied the model using numerical simulations in the context of two different male traits, ecologically ‘arbitrary’ versus ‘magic’ traits. First, in allopatry, without female search costs only minor and fluctuating sexual isolation evolved. In contrast, with female search costs, sexual isolation was highly curtailed with arbitrary male traits but was greatly facilitated with magic traits. However, because search costs selected for reduced choosiness, sexual isolation with magic traits was eventually eroded, the rate determined by the genetic architecture of choosiness. These factors also played a key role in secondary contact; with evolvable choosiness and female search costs, pure sexual selection models collapsed upon secondary contact. However, when we added selection against hybrids (i.e. reinforcement) to this model, we found that speciation could be maintained under a wide range of conditions with arbitrary male traits, but not with magic male traits. This surprisingly suggests that arbitrary male traits are in some cases more likely to aid speciation than magic male traits. We discuss these findings and relate them to empirical literature on female choosiness within species and in hybrids.