bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Closing the Loop Valorization of Industrial Waste of Composite Materials through Re-Design of Products from Detached Value Chains
Authors: Cappelletti F. , Rossi M. , Germani M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe literature lacks methodologies to make supply chains of composite materials circular. The proposed approach aims to transform scraps and off-specification products into secondary raw materials. Its novelty is to find innovative applications, instead of re-introducing scraps in the loop they come from. The case study investigates how scraps can be re-worked and re-used as raw material. First, the processes are analyzed; some components are then re-designed to be made of the discarded scraps (composites material). Results reveal that the symbiosis can ensure green, high performing products.
Proposal of a Dual Circularity Concept for Sustainable Design
Authors: Metic J. , Klose S. , McAloone T. C. , Fröhling M. , Pigosso D. C. A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCurrent CE approach, and its many definitions, does not explicitly consider the interconnectedness of the biological and technological cycle. This paper uses state-of-the-art to articulate nuances of the CE to encourage a more comprehensive understanding of the concept from a perspective of both cycles. The results address that acknowledged sustainably driven shifts of resources between cycles are neglected in most state-of-the-art. Therefore, the Dual Circularity (DC) definition is proposed and further evaluated by three examples.
Atypical Use Scenarios as Design Intervention in Healthcare Product Design Application
Authors: Nagarajan K. , Koronis G. , Subburaj K. , Silva A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUser experiences of atypical conditions leading to adverse events have the potential to discover latent user needs and improve usability in design outcomes. This study introduces atypical scenarios as a design intervention to student designers working on healthcare product design projects. These atypical scenarios are framed from real-world clinical experience related to individual projects. 40 participants from a healthcare product design course comprising of 8 teams were involved in this study. Results indicate a positive influence on design and designers in terms of usability in the design process.
The Role of Digital Infrastructure for the Industrialisation of Design for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Mallalieu A. , Hajali T. , Isaksson O. , Panarotto M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe use of Additive Manufacturing (AM) can bring opportunities for industry, but several challenges need to be addressed, specifically the digital infrastructure comprising the AM value chain. A combination of a systematic literature review and an industrial use case study concludes that there is low consideration of the digital infrastructure in Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) methods and tools which has a negative impact on the industrialisation of AM. It is therefore recommended that further studies are to be made on how to manage the digital infrastructure in DfAM processes.
Proposal for Load Adaptive Design of Microlattice Structures Suitable for PBF-LB/M Manufacturing
Authors: Seidler A. , Holtzhausen S. , Korn H. , Koch P. , Paetzold K. , Müller B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a proposal for a new method to design load-adaptive microlattice structures for PBF-LB/M manufacturing is presented. For this purpose, a method was developed to stiffen microlattice structures in particular by using self-similar sub-cells to ensure their manufacturability. The quality of the stiffness increase was investigated and verified by finite element simulations. Subsequently, the simulation results were critically discussed with respect to their potential for future design processes for architected materials.
An AI-Assisted Design Method for Topology Optimization without Pre-Optimized Training Data
Authors: Halle A. , Campanile L. F. , Hasse A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEngineers widely use topology optimization during the initial process of product development to obtain a first possible geometry design. The state-of-the-art method is iterative calculation, which requires both time and computational power. This paper proposes an AI-assisted design method for topology optimization, which does not require any optimized data. The presented AI-assisted design procedure generates geometries that are similar to those of conventional topology optimizers, but require only a fraction of the computational effort.
Design of (Semi-)Autonomous Vehicles: Perceptions of the People in Sweden
Authors: Rosenholm L. , Goswami P. , Jagtap S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe field of autonomous vehicles is gaining wide recognition in the industry, academia as well as social media. However, there is a lack of knowledge on expectations of people regarding this topic. To this end, this paper analyses extant research on perceptions of people in various countries about semi-autonomous and autonomous vehicles. Secondly, based on the findings of this analysis, we developed a questionnaire to gauge the perceptions of the people in Sweden regarding such vehicles. The findings have important implications for the design of AVs in Sweden, and possibly other countries.
Does CAD Smell Like Code? A Mapping Between Violation of Object Oriented Programming Design Principles and Computer Aided Design Modelling
Authors: Rosso P. , Gopsill J. , Burgess S. C. , Hicks B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn objected-oriented design, "smells" are symptoms of code violating design principles. When a deadline is looming, decisions can affect the long-term quality of a code or CAD. Given this and the similarities between object-oriented code and CAD models, this paper introduces a set of CAD smells. These smells are derived from a top-down review of potential CAD smells mapped against the reported code smells that violate abstraction, modularity, encapsulation, and hierarchy principles. This list was further reviewed considering CAD systems and specific examples (some illustrated in the paper).
Through-Lifecycle Whole-Design Optimisation Using Software Deployment Toolchains
Authors: Gopsill J. , Hicks B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThrough-Lifecycle Whole Design Design Optimisation is widely considered one of the future approaches to solving design problems featuring prominently in Model-Based Systems Engineering, Set-Based Design and Digital Twins. Yet, design optimisation remains siloed optimising for design subsets. In this paper, we review academic literature and a series of case studies to uncover the challenges in achieving Through-Lifecycle Whole Design Design Optimisation. This is followed by action research that has investigated the application of software deployment toolchains to overcome the challenges.
A Modelling Method for Describing and Facilitating the Reuse of SysML Models during Design Process
Authors: Mahboob A. , Husung S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMBSE and SysML are increasingly finding their applications in industry as well as in academia. The reuse of the information described in SysML models depends, among others, on the modelling methods, management of dependencies between elements and on the needed remodelling effort. In this paper, a modelling method is presented that address the reuse of SysML models and descriptions as well as reuse of model variants in SysML. A case example is presented to explain the modelling methods and the gained experience is summarised in the form of general recommendations for further use.
A Life-Cycle Framework to Manage Collaboration and Knowledge Exchange in Open Organisations
Authors: Guertler M. R. , Adams N. , Caldwell G. , Donovan J. , Hopf A. , Roberts J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSuccessful research and development requires interdisciplinary collaboration, often across organisational boundaries and for extended timeframes, such as in innovation networks or ecosystems. Open Organisation (OO) research can support collaboration and knowledge exchange in such situations. It builds on established concepts of Open Innovation through enhancing the exchange of knowledge by the exchange of humans. This paper contributes to OO research by presenting an OO lifecycle framework, which analyses evolving organisational and collaboration characteristics and resulting management needs.
Towards Integrated Safety Analysis as Part of Traceable Model-Based Systems Engineering
Authors: Valdivia Dabringer M. L. , Dybov A. , Fresemann C. , Stark R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCurrently systems grow in complexity and more aspects, such as socio-technical aspects or the obligation to produce proof become more important. Both require a safety analysis on the system level early in the design process. System overview is provided by MBSE, while safety analysis is provided for example by FMEA. Both processes are executed organizationally and timely separated from each other. This research proposes a concept and a tool integration at the concept design phase, during system definition and functional decomposition and evaluates the effect and its potential applicability.
Speculating on Nature, Technology and Finance. Geomerce as a Case Study for Research through Design
Authors: Innella G. , Gatto G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper chronicles and reflects on the processes and the meanings of a project of speculative design that creates a narrative based on the scientific notion of phytomining, the activity of extracting metals from the soil using plants. The paper reflects on the ability of the project of bringing together people from different expertise, as a successful case study of Speculative Design and Research through Practice. Besides the scientific and technical challenges posed by GeoMerce, the authors of this paper reflect on the critical framework that set the basis for such a complex project.
Exploratory Analysis of Adaptively Morphing Handle Forms for Load Transfer Use Cases
Authors: Kiessling J. M. , Hilbig K. , Dinkel J. , Schmid M. , Maier T. , Vietor T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThrough optimal design of the human machine interfaces, especially the hand-handle contact surface, high usability of hand-operated products can be achieved. The complexity of the user specific hand anthropometry has to be considered in the design of load transfer handles. Use case optimized, personalized, and adaptively morphing handles aim at fulfilling this requirement. To identify design parameters for adaptive handles an experimental design for systematic analysis of user and use case requirements is proposed and evaluated showing the potential of adaptive handles.
Experimenting in Industrial Product Design. The Case: "Art, Design and Business Project for New Young Talents - Young Culture as a Motor for a New Business Economy in Tuscany”
Authors: Pupparo P. , Tufarelli M. , Coppola M. C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe design of mass-produced products is a design process aimed at the masses, which describes approaches and phenomena in strong transformation. The production techniques, the semantic value of the products, the concept of mass production and the similarities between these factors explain new production and design balances following the latest technological and cultural transformations within contemporary society and the market. The paper discusses and investigates the theme of industrial design aimed at the masses, reporting relevant case studies and experimental tests.
Preliminary Study on Haptics of Textile Surfaces via Digital Visual Cues
Authors: Quattelbaum B. , Wolter S. , Stylidis K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHumans perceive through various sensory impressions, including the five senses. Not only the number of different stimuli in everyday life increase, but also the degree of assessment of urgent and irrelevant information. But online it is not possible for the customer to physically perceive and assess the haptics of a product. This paper focus on the questions if it is possible for humans to perceive and identify surface properties without using their sense of touch and if humans can judge and classify the haptics of a textile materials via digital channels through a purely visual perception?
The Intergenerational Co-Design of Glasgow COP26 Souvenirs
Authors: Rodgers P. A. , Egan K. , McDonald A. , Gilliland G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThere has been an increasing interest in intergenerational activities where young people and older adults work together in the exchange of knowledge, new ideas, methodologies and ways of thinking. With the leading international climate change conference in Glasgow in Nov. 2021, this paper presents an intergenerational co-design COP26 project where co-design pairs designed and made Glasgow COP26 souvenirs, exhibited and sold them in a COP26 ‘pop-up’ shop. The project delivered important learning and teaching including project launch, studio sessions, external design reviews, and prototyping.
Adaptive E-Learning for the Engineering Design Education at Ruhr-University Bochum
Authors: Kossack F. , Kattwinkel D. , Bender B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMost lectures in the field of engineering are held in a traditional teacher-centred and frontal lecture format. This means that all students receive the identical information at the same pace without taking their individual skills, knowledges and competences into account. A didactic concept, that fosters an individual learning experience and digitally provides personalised learning materials for each student is Adaptive E-Learning. Within this paper the development of an Adaptive E-Leaning Environment in the course Engineering Design at Ruhr-University Bochum is presented.
Starting and Scaling a Set-Based Design Method for a Maritime System of Systems: Designing a Modern Warship
Authors: Page J. E. , Higgins C. J. , Seering W. P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThere has been a growing body of literature and use cases for set-based design since its introduction in the 80s. Few studies or use cases involve highly complex systems, though, except for the hallmark work regarding Toyota in the late 90s. Over the last three years, the US Navy used set-based methods to design a complex system of systems: a warship. Their experience provides insight into the scalability of the method and design management considerations relevant to the start of similar projects.
Development of a Methodology for Technology Demonstration Projects Evaluation
Authors: Stelvaga A. , Fortin C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo ensure optimal resource allocation in technology demonstration projects, the evaluation of demonstrators of various maturity, scale, and nature has to be carried out. Most of the existing approaches focus on risk assessment or projected financial return; the need for a tool supporting multi-facet projects evaluation has been identified. This paper presents R2L framework based on three major criteria, defined in detail: Leap Potential, Learning, and Risk. The framework was applied to a real flight-test demonstrator project during workshops in a major aerospace company.
A Digital Twin Trust Framework for Industrial Application
Authors: Trauer J. , Schweigert-Recksiek S. , Schenk T. , Baudisch T. , Mörtl M. , Zimmermann M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA reason for the slow adoption of digital twins in industry is a lack of trust in the concept and between the stakeholders involved. This paper presents a Trust Framework for Digital Twins based on a literature review and an interview study, including seven recommendations: (1) explain your twin, (2) create a common incentive, (3) make only one step at a time, (4) ensure IP protection and IT security, (5) prove your quality, (6) ensure a uniform environment, and (7) document thoroughly. Together with 20 concrete measures it supports practitioners in improving trust in their Digital Twin.
A User-Centred Design Support Framework to Develop Aesthetically Pleasing and Sustainable Over-the-Counter Pharmaceutical Packaging
Authors: Camilleri T. , Farrugia P. , Refalo P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStakeholders consider aesthetics and sustainability as important aspects of over-the-counter pharmaceutical (OTCP) packaging, and studies show that their interests should be represented more. To address this, a framework which supports designers to develop aesthetically pleasing sustainable OTCP packaging was generated, keeping at its core the stakeholders. The requirements were identified, leading to the architecture development and implementation in a prototype tool. Results provide a degree of evidence that the framework contributes to a user-centred design approach for OTCP packaging.
Data-Based Method for the Implementation Planning of Engineering Changes in the Automotive Industry
Authors: Capistrano Burgos R. , Sippl F. , Radisic-Aberger O. , Weisser T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEach year, automotive OEMs implement a variety of Engineering Changes (ECs) in their production. In the timing of ECs, different KPIs are often in conflict with one another or even unknown to the OEMs. Therefore, OEMs struggle to identify the optimal date to implement an EC. This paper presents a method to determine the cost-optimal implementation date for each EC, considering time, cost, and quality KPIs based on a new EC classification rule-set. To evaluate the presented method, case-studies at a German automotive OEM were performed, two of which are discussed.
A Musculoskeletal Human Model-Based Approach for Evaluating Support Concepts of Exoskeletons for Selected Use Cases
Authors: Molz C. , Yao Z. , Sänger J. , Gwosch T. , Weidner R. , Matthiesen S. , Wartzack S. , Miehling J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper presents an approach for evaluating exoskeleton support concepts through biomechanical analyses on a musculoskeletal human model. By simplifying the support forces of an exoskeleton as external forces, different support concepts can be biomechanically evaluated for the respective use case without concrete design specifications of the exoskeleton. This enables an estimation of the resulting relief and strain on the human body in the early stages of exoskeleton development. To present the approach, the use case of working at and above head height with a power tool is chosen.
Issues in Capturing and Utilizing Non-Functional Requirements along the Road to Servitization
Authors: Toller C. N. K. , Johansson C. , Bertoni M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe design process aims to maximize the value in the end solution. For traditional manufacturing firms pursuing a servitization strategy, non-functional requirements become more important compared to before. Therefore, this paper investigates issues in capturing and utilizing non-functional requirements for value creation in a servitizing firm. A single case study was conducted, which resulted in six issues across the design process. It was evident from the research that the firm requires new support to enable a better inclusion of non-functional requirements in the design process.
Knowledge Documentation Based on Automatic Identification and Clustering of Change Intentions in CAD Data of Wiring Harnesses
Authors: Eder K. , Herzog W. , Altner M. M. , Tas O. , Neckenich J. , Paetzold K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHigh amount of changes and increasing complexity in CAD design of wiring harnesses result in a lack of time for documentation and transfer of acquired knowledge. To be able to transfer the gained knowledge efficiently during development automating the identification, analyzation and documentation of changes is necessary. This paper shows a methodology to address this challenge for CAD data of wiring harnesses. Thus, it is shown how interrelated change elements can be combined or separated from each other according to their change intention.
Implications of Creating Solution Concepts Based on the Use of References
Authors: Schlegel M. , Pfaff F. , Rapp S. , Albers A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe use of already validated systems as references for the development of solution concepts offers the potential to increase process efficiency. It is important to understand how the use of references impacts the development of solution concepts. Therefore, the representation of solution concepts in an engineering project of two student cohorts are analyzed and compared. The first cohort is provided with few and the second cohort with extensive references. The results of the study show that the increased use of references leads to a higher share of embodiment and specific challenges.
Patent-KG: Patent Knowledge Graph Extraction for Engineering Design
Authors: Zuo H. , Yin Y. , Childs P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper builds a patent-based knowledge graph, patent-KG, to represent the knowledge facts in patents for engineering design. The arising patent-KG approach proposes a new unsupervised mechanism to extract knowledge facts in a patent, by searching the attention graph in language models. The extracted entities are compared with other benchmarks in the criteria of recall rate. The result reaches the highest 0.8 recall rate in the standard list of mechanical engineering related technical terms, which means the highest coverage of engineering words.
Analysis Designers' Process of Insight Generation through Empathy with Users
Authors: Ito A. , Taoka Y. , Saito S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the good way to generate insight through empathy with users. The fifteen experiment participants drew thinking processes of understanding users and defining insight statements while generating insight statements based on a given interview transcript. The thinking processes were assessed by qualitative coding, and the insight statements were evaluated. The results identified the types of thinking that should be avoided when gaining insights. This paper proposes a framework to categorise designers’ process of gaining insight.
A Writing Typology for Designers
Authors: Sabatelli M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile design is often thought of as a visual field defined by renderings, models, and sketches, the use of writing can be just as pertinent and necessary. This paper presents seven writing types used by students uncovered during an ethnographic study of three interdisciplinary design studios. By reflecting on a compilation of writing practices, this study presents the modes in which we communicate design textually while reconsidering the possibility for new ones that incorporate interdisciplinary values and verbiage.
Designing Long-Lasting Interior Products: Emotional Attachment, Product Positioning and Uniqueness
Authors: Andersen M. H. , Hansen H. W. , Laursen L. N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhen prolonging the physical lifetime of products, it is important to also consider the value lifetime, the time before customers discards the products because it no longer has any perceived value. In this paper we study design and marketing strategies known to be particularly relevant to enhance the value perception of consumers, hence lifetimes of products. To do so, we first review literature to build a framework, we then use to conduct case studies at five Danish product design brands. This let us to insights on design and marketing strategies relevant to enhance product lifetimes.
Conventional Choices in Outcome Measures Influence Meta-Analytic Results
Authors: Tabatabaei Ghomi Hamed , Stegenga Jacob 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIt is a plausible speculation that conventional choices in outcome measures might influence the results of meta-analyses. We test that speculation by simulating data from trials on antidepressants. We vary real drug effectiveness while modulating conventional values for outcome measures. We had previously shown that one conventional choice used in meta-analyses of antidepressants falls in a narrow range of values that maximize estimates of effectiveness. Our present analysis investigates why this phenomenon occurs. Moreover, our results suggest the superiority of absolute outcome measures over relative measures. This research program can be extended to test numerous other aspects of clinical research.