bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population-Level Interventions Targeting Risk Factors for Hypertension and Diabetes in Rwanda: A Situational Analysis
Authors: Nganabashaka Jean Pierre , Ntawuyirushintege Seleman , Niyibizi Jean Berchmans , Umwali Ghislaine , Bavuma Charlotte M. , Byiringiro Jean Claude , Rulisa Stephen , Burns Jacob , Rehfuess Eva , Young Taryn , Tumusiime David K. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundEighty percent (80%) of global Non-Communicable Diseases attributed deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) with hypertension and diabetes being key contributors. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 15.3% the national prevalence of diabetes in rural and urban was 7.5 and 9.7%, respectively among 15–64 years. Hypertension represents a leading cause of death (43%) among hospitalized patients at the University teaching hospital of Kigali. This study aimed to identify ongoing population-level interventions targeting risk factors for diabetes and hypertension and to explore perceived barriers and facilitators for their implementation in Rwanda.MethodsThis situational analysis comprised a desk review, key informant interviews, and stakeholders' consultation. Ongoing population-level interventions were identified through searches of government websites, complemented by one-on-one consultations with 60 individuals nominated by their respective organizations involved with prevention efforts. Semi-structured interviews with purposively selected key informants sought to identify perceived barriers and facilitators for the implementation of population-level interventions. A consultative workshop with stakeholders was organized to validate and consolidate the findings.ResultsWe identified a range of policies in the areas of food and nutrition, physical activity promotion, and tobacco control. Supporting program and environment interventions were mainly awareness campaigns to improve knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward healthy eating, physical activity, and alcohol and tobacco use reduction, healthy food production, physical activity infrastructure, smoke-free areas, limits on tobacco production and bans on non-standardized alcohol production. Perceived barriers included limited stakeholder involvement, misbeliefs about ongoing interventions, insufficient funding, inconsistency in intervention implementation, weak policy enforcement, and conflicts between commercial and public health interests. Perceived facilitators were strengthened multi-sectoral collaboration and involvement in ongoing interventions, enhanced community awareness of ongoing interventions, special attention paid to the elderly, and increased funds for population-level interventions and policy enforcement.ConclusionThere are many ongoing population-level interventions in Rwanda targeting risk factors for diabetes and hypertension. Identified gaps, perceived barriers, and facilitators provide a useful starting point for strengthening efforts to address the significant burden of disease attributable to diabetes and hypertension.
The Effect of Slack Resources on Innovation Performance and the Environmental Adaptability of Public Hospitals: The Empirical Evidence From Beijing of China
Authors: Lu Wei , Song Xinrui , Hou Changmin , Zhu Junli 
Published: July 2022

Background:The development level of public hospitals has a direct impact on people's health. The reform of the medical industry in China has been gradually underway in recent years, while hospitals face a complex and uncertain environment. This study aims to explore the mechanism of resources slack in buffering environmental uncertainty and promoting innovation in public hospitals.MethodsBased on previous literature related to environmental adaptability, resources slack, and innovation performance, this study has conducted a literature review and has established a study framework. A questionnaire survey has been conducted among clinicians in representative tertiary public hospitals in Beijing. A total of 318 valid data have been eventually obtained, while regression models have been used to analyze the data.ResultsInnovation performance has played a mediating role in the impact of both resources slack and its three dimensions on environmental adaptability of public hospitals. Among them, there has been a complete mediating effect for time slack, while there has been a partial mediating effect for staff and space dimensions.ConclusionThis study found that resources slack in public hospitals can improve environmental adaptability by affecting innovation performance. It is necessary for public hospitals to reserve resources slack to ensure that there is sufficient condition for innovation in the face of uncertain changes.
Trends of Blood Lead Levels in US Pregnant Women: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001–2018)
Authors: Wang Jing , Yang Yujie , Zhang Juan , Liu Na , Xi Huifang , Liang Hong 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThis study investigates the trends of blood lead levels in US pregnant women based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2001 to 2018.MethodsA total of 1,230 pregnant women were included in this study. The weighted logistic regression was applied to analyze the association between sociodemographic characteristics with high blood levels. We computed the blood lead levels for each survey period from 2001–2002 to 2017–2018. Moreover, we used the adjusted linear regression model to investigate the time-related change in blood lead level. The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated accordingly.ResultsThe mean blood lead was 0.73 ± 0.03 ug/dL, and high blood lead was observed in 2.53% of individuals. The Mexican Americans were more associated with high blood lead than the non-Hispanic white (OR, 1.072; 95% CI, 1.032-1.112). The mean blood lead level has decreased from 0.97 ug/dL in 2001–2002 to 0.46 ug/dL in 2013–2014. Afterward, a slight increase was observed with the mean blood lead of 0.55 ug/dL in 2015–2016 and 0.53 ug/dL in 2017-2018. In the adjusted linear regression model, each year's increase would lead to a 0.029 ug/dL decrease in blood lead (P &lt; 0.001). However, no significant change was observed in the 2017–2018 cycle compared with 2009–2010 (P = 0.218).ConclusionThis study summarized the trend of blood lead levels in US pregnant women over 2001–2018. Continued effort is still required to control lead sources better and protect this population from lead exposure.
Behavioral Theories That Have Influenced the Way Health State Preferences Are Elicited and Interpreted: A Bibliometric Mapping Analysis of the Time Trade-Off Method With VOSviewer Visualization
Authors: Henstock Luke , Wong Ruth , Tsuchiya Aki , Spencer Anne 
Published: July 2022

AimThe aim of this paper is to develop an understanding of how behavioral theories have influenced the way preferences for health-related quality of life are elicited and interpreted. We focus on the Time Trade-off (TTO) method given it represents the quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) concept—that survival in less-than-full health can be deemed equivalent to a shorter survival in full health. To our knowledge this is the first review using a combination of systematic scoping review, bibliometrics and VOSviewer visualization to map the development of ideas in health economics.MethodsA priori, we selected three behavioral theories to explore within our review, referred to here as Expected Utility Theory, Non-Expected Utility Theory and Probabilistic Choice Theory. A fourth topic, Order Effects, is defined broadly to encompass behavioral theories around timing/sequence of events. For the main search, Scopus was used to identify literature that had (a) elicited TTO values and/or (b) contributed to the way TTO values were elicited and interpreted, from inception to July 2021. Papers that focused on the latter category were given the label “behavioral” and underwent additional analyses. A two stage-screening was applied to assess eligibility. Co-citation, co-authorship and co-occurrence of keywords was used to chart the development of TTO over time.ResultsA total of 1,727 records were retrieved from Scopus and were supplemented by an additional 188 papers. There were 856 applied and 280 behavioral papers included in the final corpus, with the behavioral set split equally into four sets of 70 papers to chart the development of keywords over time: (1) 1972–1999; (2) 2000–2010, (3) 2010–2015 and (4) 2015–2021.DiscussionThe keyword analysis suggested that whilst some ideas transition quickly from economic theory to the TTO literature, such as the impact of Order Effects, others take longer to be assimilated, for example Non-Expected Utility models or failure of constant discounting. It is therefore important that researchers within health economics work more closely with those in mainstream economics and keep abreast of the wider economics and behavioral sciences to expedite the uptake of new and relevant ideas.
Observation of Anesthetic Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Intraspinal Anesthesia in Hip Arthroplasty and its Effect on Postoperative Delirium and Stress Response
Authors: Shen Yading , Wang Chenyu , Zhong Xiaoping , Wu Yandan , He Xiaoxia 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo observe the anesthetic effect of dexmedetomidine combined with spinal anesthesia in hip arthroplasty, and to analyze the effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative stress response, incidence of delirium, immune function and inflammatory indicators.MethodsA total of 42 patients who underwent hip replacement in our hospital from March 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, 21 cases in each group. The control group was given intraspinal anesthesia, and the observation group was given dexmedetomidine on this basis. The onset time and maintenance time of sensory and motor nerve block were recorded. Stress response indexes [cortisol (Cor), blood glucose (Glu), adrenaline (E), noadrenaline (NE)], T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+), inflammatory indexes [tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] were detected before and after operation, and the incidence of postoperative delirium in both groups was recorded.ResultsThe onset time of sensory nerve block and motor block in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the retention time of sensory nerve block and motor nerve block were higher than those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). After surgery, the levels of Cor, Glu, E and NE in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). After surgery, the incidence of postoperative delirium in the observation group (4.79%) was lower than that in the control group (28.57%) (P &lt; 0.05). After surgery, the levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). After surgery, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe combined use of dexmedetomidine and intraspinal anesthesia has good anesthesia effect in hip joint replacement, which can greatly reduce the stress response of patients, reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium, and effectively restore the immune function of patients, reduce the level of inflammatory response, and has high clinical application value.
Non-Intubated Thoracic Surgery: Standpoints and Perspectives
Authors: Anile Marco , Vannucci Jacopo , Ferrante Francesco , Bruno Katia , De Paolo Dalila , Bassi Massimiliano , Pugliese Francesco , Venuta Federico ,   the NIVATS Interest Group
Published: July 2022

Non-intubated video-assisted thoracic surgery (NI-VATS) combines the advantages of a non-intubated surgery with the benefits of a minimally invasive approach. First, NI-VATS is performed in the case of fragile patients when general anesthesia and/or orotracheal intubation can be foreseen as inconvenient. However, NI-VATS indications have been increasingly extended to different patient conditions, considering the increasingly assessed safety and feasibility of the procedure. Currently, the NI-VATS approach is used worldwide for different thoracic surgery procedures, including the management of malignant pleural effusion, surgical treatment of empyema, anatomical and non-anatomical lung resection, and other indications. In fact, this approach has shown to be less impactful than VATS under general anesthesia, allowing for shortened hospitalization and faster recovery after surgery. Besides, NI-VATS is associated with fewer pulmonary complications, less respiratory distress, and a mild systemic inflammatory reaction. For these reasons, this approach should be considered not only in patients with poor cardiac or respiratory function (general functional reserve), but also in other eligible conditions.We explored the anesthetic and surgical aspects of such an approach, including the management of analgesia, cough reflex, depth of sedation, and intraoperative technical issues to put this approach in perspective.
Pengaruh Asupan Lemak Terhadap Gizi Lebih pada Remaja di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Herlina Sara , Sartika Wiwi , Qomariah Siti , Juwita Sellia 
Published: July 2022

The Effect of Fat Intake towards Adolescent with Nutritional Excess in Pandemics ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan salah.satu negara berkembang yang menunjukkan kecenderungan peningkatan gizi lebih pada remaja. Prevalensi remaja dengan kategori gemuk pada tahun 2013 sebesar 5,7% dan mengalami peningkatan pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 10,8%. Salah satu yang mempengaruhi gizi lebih adalah asupan lemak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh asupan lemak terhadap gizi lebih pada remaja di masa pandemi covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pekanbaru pada tahun 2020 dengan jumlah sampel 335 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan metode simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi klinis dan wawancara. Instrumen yang digunakan kuesioner. Gizi lebih diukur dengan menggunakan pengukuran antropometri. Data asupan lemak di peroleh melalui food recall 2 × 24 jam. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi- square. Hasil penelitian mayoritas responden mengkonsumsi lemak lebih 147 responden (43,9%), memiliki genetik gizi lebih sebanyak 214 responden (63,9%), mayoritas aktifitas fisik ringan sebanyak 208 responden ( 62,1%) . Hasil uji chi- square diperoleh nilai p = 0,003 (p<0,05). Ada pengaruh antara asupan lemak terhadap gizi lebih pada remaja di masa pandemi covid-19. Kata Kunci: asupan lemak; gizi lebih; remaja ABSTRACTIndonesia is one of the developing countries that shows a tendency to increase over nutrition in adolescents. The prevalence of adolescents in the obese category in 2013 was 5.7% and increased in 2018 by 10.8%. One that affects over nutrition is fat intake. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fat intake on overnutrition in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of research was quantitative with a cross sectional research design. This research was conducted in Pekanbaru in 2020 with a sample of 335 people. The sampling technique used simple random sampling method. Data collection was done by clinical observation and interviews. The instrument used is a questionnaire. More nutrition is measured by using anthropometric measurements. Data on fat intake was obtained through food recall 2 × 24 hours. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and bivariately using the chi-square test. The results of the study the majority of respondents consumed more fat 147 respondents (43.9%), had genetic excess nutrition as many as 214 respondents (63.9%), the majority of light physical activity were 208 respondents (62.1%). The results of the chi-square test obtained p value = 0.003 (p <0.05). There is an influence between fat intake on overnutrition in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Keywords: fat intake, nutritional excess; adolescents
Pemberdayaan Kader Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK) dalam Upaya Tertib Protokol Kesehatan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Muin Dona , Sofiyetti  , Yusmi Elita Elen 
Published: July 2022

Penyebaran kasus Covid 19 secara global sudah mengalami penurunan yang sangat signifikan. Akan tetapi dampak post pandemic tetap menuntut masyarakat menjaga kebersihan dalam bentuk patuh protokol kesehatan. Rasa kekhawatiran penularan covid-19 masih saja menghantui sebagian masyarakat. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan peran serta kader Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK) dalam pengendalian dan pencegahan penularan penyakit Covid 19 di Kelurahan Tanjung Johor RT 05 Kecamatan Pelayanan Kota Jambi Tahun 2022. Kegiatan yang melibatkan tokoh masyarakat dan kader kesehatan ini dilaksanakan dengan tiga tahap yaitu tahap awal yaitu observasi lapangan, tahap dua perijinan, dan tahap ke tiga sosialisasi materi protokol kesehatan. Kegiatan sosialisasi dilaksanakan dengan cara memberikan edukasi kepada kader PKK tentang perlunya melaksanakan protokol kesehatan, seperti memakai masker, giat mencuci tangan, menjaga jarak, menghindari kerumunan, membatasi mobilitas, masyarakat juga diberikan penjelasan mengenai vaksinasi Covid 19 dan cara mencuci tangan yang benar, setelah dilakukan sosialisasi kader PKK diberikan masker, hand sanitizer. Pengabdian masyarakat ini juga dilengkapi dengan menempelkan brosur kesehatan, dan pengadaan beberapa wastafel cuci tangan di beberapa tempat ramai yaitu pasar dan aula rapat RT agar lebih memotivasi Kader PKK untuk melanjutkan edukasi kepada masyarakat untuk tertib melaksanakan protokol kesehatan. Kegiatan ini memperoleh dukungan dari tokoh massyarakat dan warga setempat
A gênese da escrita jornalística: entrevista com Jorge Pedro Sousa
Authors: Trentin Lidia Paula , Marcellino Marcio Morrison Kaviski , Ferri Giovana 
Published: July 2022

O jornalismo, em sua essência, se desenvolve pela arte de contar histórias e de informar a sociedade sobre eventos cotidianos. É através da perspectiva da gênese jornalística que o teórico e pesquisador Jorge Pedro Sousa desenvolve suas investigações científicas. Para o professor, desde a antiguidade se contam histórias ao público e essas histórias transmitem informações e notícias que merecem ser contadas. Ainda segundo perspectivas elaboradas pelo autor, há um padrão nas mudanças e transformações das práticas e processos do jornalismo no ocidental: “no Ocidente se nota, sustentamos aqui, um certo paralelismo na evolução do jornalismo” (SOUSA; LIMA, 2020, p.188).
Nesse contexto em que há uma evolução nas práticas e processos de construção de notícias e de fazer jornalismo, mudam-se não apenas os modos de fazer, mas também, os modos de consumo desses produtos comunicacionais. Em pesquisa recente publicada em parceria com universidades e pesquisadores do Brasil, Portugal e Espanha, foi possível observar, por exemplo, que os alunos das universidades pesquisadas não têm o hábito de consumir todo o conteúdo de uma notícia. Na verdade, a maioria deles se concentra na leitura do lead e das informações primárias (CATALINA; SOUSA; CRISTINA, 2019).
Jorge Pedro Sousa é pesquisador e professor de Jornalismo na Universidade Fernando Pessoa e no Instituto de Ciências da Comunicação da Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ICNova). Autor de mais de 84 trabalhos científicos, dentre eles Uma história crítica do fotojornalismo ocidental (2000); A Génese do Jornalismo Lusófono e as Relações de Manuel Severim de Faria (1626-1628) (2007) e Jornalismo em Portugal no alvorecer da modernidade (2014). Nesta entrevista concedida no primeiro semestre de 2022, o pesquisador discorre sobre a gênese da escrita jornalística, os desafios para os profissionais de Comunicação com o avanço das informações e as redes sociais e o futuro das práticas jornalísticas.
THE RELEVANCE OF THE LIBERAL IDEA IN UKRAINE: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE FIRST POLITICAL PARTIES
Authors: Panchuk Maryna 
Published: July 2022

This study aims to highlight and analyze the liberal principles in the context of Ukrainian political parties’ activities in the early XXth century, clarifying the conditions under which the liberal idea found its expression in the Ukrainian reality of the time. The research methodology comprises general scientific methods (program document analysis, generalizations, systematic approach) as well as special-historical methods, in particular historical-genetic, anthropological, and comparative analyses. The scientific novelty is found in the role and significance of the liberal idea in the formation of Ukrainian political thought, which led to the emergence and development of political concepts that served as the foundation for various parties’ activities on the main stages of statehood. Conclusions. The liberal idea in Ukraine has undergone several stages of development, finding expression in the programs of newly formed Ukrainian parties and serving as a response to the challenges of political life and the requirements of progressive intellectuals in the early XXth century. The implementation of liberalism in the Ukrainian political sphere was also unique in that it was combined with socialist demands and the struggle for Ukrainian national rights. During the Ukrainian National Revolution and the establishment of Ukrainian statehood in 1917–1921, liberal ideas, manifested in a number of democratic demands, were renewed. Even though the liberal doctrine does not receive widespread support in Ukraine, we believe that combining elements that stimulate private initiative and the formation of civil society with moderate and well-defined state regulation can help Ukraine progress.
Further research is required in order to study the psychological, cultural and mental aspects of the rejection of liberalism in its "pure" form, as well as the current political field of Ukraine and the presentation of liberal elements in the activities of Ukrainian governments, especially after 2004.
Seberapa Pentingkah Nilai Religiusitas dalam Mengurangi Budaya Penyebab Fraud pada Perusahaan?
Authors: Ginting Rafles , Tungga Dewi V. Ananta Wikrama 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
It is undeniable that the practice of fraud has become endemic and has spread to all lines of the company. In this study, it has a novelty in the form of a focus on the study from the point of view of religiosity. The method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach to explore and reveal the deep meaning behind the phenomena that occur. Based on the results of research conducted, it proves that the value of religiosity that is applied and implemented in the company through the religiosity activities that are presented is said to be important in reducing and reducing the number of fraud. In addition, based on the results of interviews with several informants, all of the informants agreed on the role of religious values in reducing the number of frauds and eliminating the culture that causes fraud in companies.
ABSTRAK
Praktik fraud tidak bisa dipungkiri lagi sudah mewabah dan menjalar kedalam segala lini perusahaan. Dalam penelitian ini memiliki keterbaruan berupa fokusnya pada pengkajian dari sudut pandang religiusitas. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi untuk menggali dan mengungkapkan makna secara mendalam dibalik fenomena yang terjadi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan membuktikan bahwa nilai religiusitas yang diterapkan dan dimplementasikan dalam perusahaan melalui kegiatan religiusitas yang dihadirkan dikatakan penting dalam menurunkan dan mengurangi angka fraud. Selain itu berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan beberapa informan, bahwa semua informan menyetujui terkait peran nilai religiusitas dalam menurunkan jumlah fraud dan menghilangkan budaya penyebab fraud pada perusahaan.