bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Interactive BRAINTEASER Tools for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Management
Authors: Gonzalez-Martinez Sergio , Cabrera-Umpiérrez María Fernanda , Ottaviano Manuel , Urošević Vladimir , Vojičić Nikola , Spasojević Stefan , Milićević Ognjen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe presented demonstrated working tools in the initial version constitute the foundation of the novel ALS and MS management and monitoring, leveraging extended IoT sensing and emerging instruments infrastructure, and a basis for integration of more advanced and effective AI models (in development) for disease progression prediction, patient stratification and ambiental exposure assessment.
Annotation Systems in the Medical Domain: A Literature Review
Authors: Mannai Zayneb , Kalboussi Anis , Kacem Ahmed Hadj 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the literature, a wide number of annotation systems in the e-health sector have been implemented. These systems are distinguished by a number of aspects. In fact, each of these systems is based on a different paradigm, resulting in a jumbled and confused vision. The purpose of this study is to categorize medical annotation systems in order to provide a standardized overview. To accomplish this, we combed through twenty years’ worth of scientific literature on annotation systems. Then, we utilized five filters to determine which systems would proceed to the classification phase. The following filters have been chosen: accessible, free, web-based or stand-alone, easily installable, functional, availability of documentation. The classification step is performed on systems that evaluate “true” for all of these filters. This classification is based on three modules: the publication module, the general information module and the functional module. This research gave us the chance to draw attention to the issues that healthcare professionals may face when using these systems in their regular work.
SAATHI: An Urdu Virtual Assistant for Elderly Aging in Place
Authors: Kumar Anand , Haider Ghani , Khan Maheen , Khan Rida Zahid , Raza Syeda Saleha 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the rise of the digital age, life has become a lot easier for the vast majority of the population. However, the ever-increasing elderly population has suffered, especially in countries like Pakistan, where limited accessibility to technology, often due to language barriers, hinders elderly from reaping technological benefits. In this paper, an Urdu virtual assistant application is proposed which provides an intuitive and empathetic platform for the elderly in Pakistan that helps them perform essential tasks such as reminding them of their medications, organising their work, getting daily news highlights, and connecting them with their loved ones. It also provides entertainment in the form of user-specified video playlists or by positively engaging them in conversations on various topics.
Toward a Trip Planner Adapted to Older Adults Context: Mobilaînés Project
Authors: Abdulrazak Bessam , Tahir Sahar , Maraoui Souhail , Provencher Véronique , Baillargeon Dany 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMobility is essential for older adults to keep a good level of socialization, health and well-being. Still, aging is often accompanied by multiple mobility-related challenges. Hence, these mobility limitations make travel and use of public transport a big challenge. Numerous mobility trip planner tools can be found now days. However, they are not adapted to older adults’ needs and preferences. We discuss in this paper our attempt to develop a one-stop platform to help older adults in their mobility where, when, and how they want. We introduce our co-creation approach, our software architecture, as well as our first prototype.
Beyond the Wall oder: Was hat die Wissenschaft mit Game of Thrones zu tun?
Authors: Müller Thomas 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie wissenschaftliche Beschäftigung mit dem pop-kulturellen Phänomen Game of Thrones ist keine Ausnahmeerscheinung. Unterschiedliche Wissenschaftsdisziplinen haben Buch und Serie schon lange für sich entdeckt. Das liegt nicht zuletzt daran, dass Game of Thrones wegen der vielen Anleihen an unsere Realität für Forschung und Lehre interessant ist. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht drei Ausprägungen des Verhältnisses zwischen dem Medienphänomen Game of Thrones und der Wissenschaft nach (Wissenschaft über, anhand und in Game of Thrones).
I-jettiness with jet axis at O(αs) in deep inelastic scattering
Authors: Chu Zexuan , Wang Yunlu , Ee June-Haak , Chen Jinhui , Kang Daekyoung 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present O(αs) analytic predictions for event shape 1-jettiness τ1 distribution aiming measurements in deep inelastic scattering process at future Electron Ion Colliders. The result depends on conventional variables x and Q as well as on τ1 and is relatively compact and easy to implement for numerical calculation. Three different choices of axis, with respect to which τ1 is measured are considered in the Breit frame. The first is the one optimally adjusted to minimize τ1 and the second and third are taken from anti-kT and Centauro jet algorithms defined with a jet radius parameter R, respectively. We find that the first and second give the same result at this order and are independent of R, while the third depends on the radius. This fixed-order result provides a nonsingular contribution to be combined with a singular log-resummed contribution to give the full spectrum in τ1 space and also shows how fixed-order and resummation regions change as a function of x and Q.
Nonresonant searches for axion-like particles in vector boson scattering processes at the LHC
Authors: Bonilla J. , Brivio I. , Machado-Rodríguez J. , de Trocóniz J. F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We propose a new search for Axion-Like Particles (ALPs), targeting Vector Boson Scattering (VBS) processes at the LHC. We consider nonresonant ALP-mediated VBS, where the ALP participates as an off-shell mediator. This process occurs whenever the ALP is too light to be produced resonantly, and it takes advantage of the derivative nature of ALP interactions with the electroweak Standard Model bosons. We study the production of ZZ, Zγ, W±γ, W±Z and W±W± pairs with large diboson invariant masses in association with two jets. Working in a gauge-invariant framework, upper limits on ALP couplings to electroweak bosons are obtained from a reinterpretation of Run 2 public CMS VBS analyses. The constraints inferred on ALP couplings to ZZ, Zγ and W±W± pairs are very competitive for ALP masses up to 100 GeV. They have the advantage of being independent of the ALP coupling to gluons and of the ALP decay width. Simple projections for LHC Run 3 and HL-LHC are also calculated, demonstrating the power of future dedicated analyses at ATLAS and CMS.
Bone defect treatment: does the type and properties of the spacer affect the induction of Masquelet membrane? Evidence today
Authors: Liodakis Emmanouil , Giannoudis Vassilis P. , Sehmisch Stephan , Jha Animesh , Giannoudis Peter V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
High clinical success rates have been reported with the Masquelet technique in the treatment of traumatic bone loss. An increasing number of studies suggest that various factors can influence the properties of induced membranes. Goal of this systematic review is to answer the following questions: (1) which are the ideal spacer properties (material, surface topography, antibiotic supplementation) to booster the quality and osteogenic potential of induced membranes? (2) what is the ideal time to perform the second-stage operation?

Methods
A systematic search using the keywords “((Masquelet) OR (Induced Periosteum)) AND ((Spacer) OR (Time))” was performed in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies published up to the 23rd of February 2022 were included and assessed independently by two reviewers.

Results
Thirteen animal and 1 clinical studies were identified to address the above questions. Spacer materials used were PMMA, silicone, titanium, polypropylene, PVA, PCL and calcium sulfate. With the exception of PVA sponges, all solid materials could induce membranes. Low union rates have been reported with titanium and rough surfaced spacers. Scraping of the inner surface of the IM also increased bony union rates. In terms of the ideal timing to perform the second-stage evidence suggests that membranes older than 8 weeks continue to have regenerative capacities similar to younger ones.

Conclusion
Membranes induced by smooth PMMA spacers loaded with low concentrations of antibiotics showed powerful osteogenic properties. Other materials such as Polypropylene or Calcium sulfate can also be used with good results. Despite current recommendation to perform the second stage operation in 4–8 weeks, membranes older than 8 weeks seem to have similar regenerative capacities to younger ones.
Precision prognostics for the development of complications in diabetes
Authors: Schiborn Catarina , Schulze Matthias B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIndividuals with diabetes face higher risks for macro- and microvascular complications than their non-diabetic counterparts. The concept of precision medicine in diabetes aims to optimise treatment decisions for individual patients to reduce the risk of major diabetic complications, including cardiovascular outcomes, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and overall mortality. In this context, prognostic models can be used to estimate an individual’s risk for relevant complications based on individual risk profiles. This review aims to place the concept of prediction modelling into the context of precision prognostics. As opposed to identification of diabetes subsets, the development of prediction models, including the selection of predictors based on their longitudinal association with the outcome of interest and their discriminatory ability, allows estimation of an individual’s absolute risk of complications. As a consequence, such models provide information about potential patient subgroups and their treatment needs. This review provides insight into the methodological issues specifically related to the development and validation of prediction models for diabetes complications. We summarise existing prediction models for macro- and microvascular complications, commonly included predictors, and examples of available validation studies. The review also discusses the potential of non-classical risk markers and omics-based predictors. Finally, it gives insight into the requirements and challenges related to the clinical applications and implementation of developed predictions models to optimise medical decision making.
Graphical abstract
A new standard for accident simulations for self-driving vehicles: Can we use Waymo’s results from accident simulations?
Authors: Lundgren Björn 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecent simulations by Scanlon et al. showed seemingly spectacular results for the Waymo self-driving vehicle in simulations of real accident situations. In this paper, it is argued that the selection criteria for accident situations must be modified in accordance with the relevant policy alternatives. While Scanlon et al. compare Waymo with old human-driven vehicles, it is argued here that the relevant policy question is whether we ought to use self-driven vehicles or human-driven vehicles in the future, which means that we need to consider whether other technological solutions, which are available but not broadly used in human-driven vehicles, could result in human-driven vehicles managing to avoid the same accidents. In this article, a proposal for a new standard of selection criteria is made.
Safety of sequential immune checkpoint inhibitors after prior immune therapy
Authors: Awidi Muhammad , Connell Brendan , Johnson Delaney , Craven Isabel , Ranjit Rojer , Gil Brigitte , Dal’Bo Natalie , Maher Lewena , Daves Seanna Reilly , McDonald Stephanie , Gunturu Krishna S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has transformed cancer treatment. Subsequent ICI use has become increasingly common following disease progression. We aim to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the sequential ICI treatment modality.

Methods
Retrospective review of confirmed carcinoma from January 2014 to December 2018. Patients were categorized into “initial ICI arm” and “sequential ICI arm” defined as patients receiving single, dual or chemo-immunotherapy ICI following an initial ICI regimen. Primary outcome was the development of a new or recurrent immune related adverse event (irAE) during sequential therapy. Secondary outcomes were the number of cycles prior to the development of irAE and grade of irAE.

Results
A total of 483 patients received ICI during the timeframe. Of those, 22 patients received sequential ICI. The diagnoses included ten lung cancer, seven melanoma, four renal cell carcinoma and one bladder cancer. 16 patients received single agent ICI following the initial ICI, three patients received dual ICI following the initial ICI, one patient received chemotherapy-immunotherapy following initial ICI, and two patients received chemo-immunotherapy after dual ICI. Four patients developed new irAE and one patient developed the same irAE on sequential treatment. A higher proportion of patients experienced grade 3 irAE in the sequential arm compared to the initial ICI arm (p = 0.03). No statistical difference was found between the development of irAE and the number of cycles prior to development of irAE in either treatment groups (p = 0.5).

Conclusion
Our data shows overall safety of sequencing ICI when close monitoring was employed.
Mixed-Mode Fracture Modelling of the Near-Wellbore Interaction Between Hydraulic Fracture and Natural Fracture
Authors: Xi Xun , Shipton Zoe K. , Kendrick Jackie E. , Fraser‑Harris Andrew , Mouli-Castillo Julien , Edlmann Katriona , McDermott Christopher I. , Yang Shangtong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe interaction between hydraulic fractures (HF) and natural fractures (NF) is one of the most fundamental phenomena in hydraulic fracturing. The near-wellbore interaction between HF and NF significantly affects fracking-related operations including the injected fluid flow, proppant transport and well productivity. However, the nature of fracturing modes, combined with hydro-mechanical coupling, poses great difficulties and challenges in addressing this problem. Literature review suggests that little research has been undertaken on near-wellbore interaction, especially considering the fully coupled hydro-mechanical mixed-mode fracturing process. This paper develops a new fracture model incorporating the Mohr–Coulomb criterion with the cohesive crack model. The model is implemented into ABAQUS solver by in-house FORTRAN subroutines. The rock matrix and cohesive crack interfaces are both coupled with fluid flow. The developed model is then validated by comparing the results with analytical solutions and experimental results. Moreover, the effects of approach angle, NF location, in situ stress, cohesion strength and friction angle of NF, and flow rate on the near-wellbore interaction are investigated. Three interaction modes, i.e., cross, deflect and offset, are reproduced through the numerical method. The crack deflection into NF is a shear-dominated mixed-mode fracture. A high injection pressure in the wellbore tends to drive the HF to cross a NF located close to the wellbore. The smaller the cohesion strength and friction angle of NF is, the larger the offsetting ratio is. A low injection flow rate can help activate natural fractures near the wellbore when intersected by HF.
A Qualitative Study to Explore the Employment Experiences and Perspectives of Women Living with Multiple Sclerosis in the UK
Authors: Railton Cathie , Jefferson Laura , Taylor Jo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEmployment is a key determinant of health, yet up to 80% of individuals with multiple sclerosis stop work within 15 years of diagnosis. The unpredictable nature of MS, both on a daily basis, and longer term means that maintaining employment can be difficult. Multiple sclerosis affects women disproportionately (> 60% of cases) and they often experience greater workplace challenges, yet few studies explore this. This study aimed to deepen understanding of the employment experiences and perspectives of women with multiple sclerosis to help inform future policy developments and care. A descriptive phenomenological approach was used involving thematic analysis from fourteen in-depth semi-structured interviews (data collected 2020). The inclusion criteria were adult women diagnosed with multiple sclerosis living in the UK who have current or previous experiences of employment. Seven themes were identified: Multiple sclerosis symptoms, workplace support, adjustments in the workplace, prioritisation of employment, making compromises, time and informal networks. These themes offer a descriptive account of the participant’s experiences of work, how they experience their multiple sclerosis in relation to employment and some of the constraints and enablers to work. The findings highlight the importance of both individual and broader socio-environmental factors to successful employment outcomes. Tailored community support for these women, such as that provided by nurses, was considered central. There is a need for better collaboration at a policy level between government departments and for more research into women with chronic conditions, to further explore the relationship between different variables.
Phosphodiesterase (PDE) III inhibitor, Cilostazol, improved memory impairment in aluminum chloride-treated rats: modulation of cAMP/CREB pathway
Authors: Khalifa Mona , Abdelsalam Rania M. , Safar Marwa M. , Zaki Hala F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe most prevalent type of dementia is Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is currently incurable. Existing treatments for Alzheimer's disease, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, are only effective for symptom relief. Disease-modifying medications for Alzheimer's disease are desperately required, given the enormous burdens that the disease places on individuals and communities. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors are gaining a lot of attention in the research community because of their potential in treating age-related cognitive decline. Cilostazol is a selective PDE III inhibitor used as antiplatelet agent through cAMP response element-binding (CREB) protein phosphorylation pathway (cAMP/CREB). The neuroprotective effect of cilostazol in AD-like cognitive decline in rats was investigated in this study. After 2 months of intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg aluminum chloride, Morris water maze and Y-maze (behavioral tests) were performed. After that, histological and biochemical examinations of the hippocampal region were carried out. Aluminum chloride-treated rats showed histological, biochemical, and behavioral changes similar to Alzheimer's disease. Cilostazol improved rats' behavioral and histological conditions, raised neprilysin level while reduced levels of amyloid-beta protein and phosphorylated tau protein. It also decreased the hippocampal levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor-kappa B, FAS ligand, acetylcholinesterase content, and malondialdehyde. These outcomes demonstrate the protective activity of cilostazol versus aluminum-induced memory impairment.
Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis in Unselected, Consecutively Enrolled Patients Hospitalised for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Dettori Silvia , Russo Chiara , Mora Sara , Giacomini Mauro , Taramasso Lucia , Dentone Chiara , Vena Antonio , Bassetti Matteo , Di Biagio Antonio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDiagnosing people living with chronic viral hepatitis is challenging due to the absence of symptoms as long as liver decompensated cirrhosis come out. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of HBV and/or HCV infections in a non-selected population, hospitalised for SARS-CoV-2 infection in a tertiary care hospital in Northern Italy. During the study period 1,429 patients were admitted to hospital for SARS-CoV-2 infection, serologic tests for HBV and/or HCV were available for 382 (27%) patients and 3 were excluded due to their previous known serologic status. Among 379 patients, 235 (62%) were male, median age was 70 years (range 21–103), 360 (95%) were Caucasian. Among them, 372/379 (98%) were screened for HBsAg, 320/379 (84%) for HBcAb. HBsAg was positive in 2/372 (0.5%, 95% CI 0.0006–0.02) patients (only in one HBV-DNA was performed that was negative), while HBcAb was found positive in 55/320 (17%, 95% CI 0.13–0.22). Among 370/379 (98%) patients screened for HCV, 11/370 (3%, 95% CI 0.02–0.05) had positive HCV-Ab. Five out of 11 (45%) were tested for HCV-RNA that resulted positive in two patients (0.5%, 95% CI 0.0006–0.02). Considering this data, even though the screening was performed in only 27% of study population, a tailored screening in people with known risk factors for hepatitis might be preferable to universal screening in low prevalence areas. Also a prompt diagnostic workout should begin in case of clinical or laboratory suspicion of hepatitis and in those starting immunosuppressive treatments.
Is there a dose-response relationship? Investigating the functional form between COVID-19 incidence rates and life satisfaction in a multilevel framework
Authors: Bittmann Felix 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhile there is plenty of research linking the effects of the global COVID-19 pandemic to a drastic reduction of life satisfaction in the population, there is little information on the functional form of this relationship. Until now, one could suspect that this association is linear and a higher number of COVID-19 infections in a region leads to a continuous decline of satisfaction. However, there are reasons to assume that this interrelation is indeed more complex and deserves further attention. To resolve this question, high-quality panel data of the first wave of COVID-19 from Germany are analysed in a fixed-effect multilevel framework. With information from more than 6,000 respondents (after imputation) nested in 339 federal districts, we estimate linear models with higher-order terms up to the fifth degree of median COVID-19 incidence rates and random intercepts for districts to describe the functional form. The results indicate that even regions with very low incidences are affected and a linear decline of satisfaction is only apparent for rather low incidence levels, quickly reaching a plateau, which is then quite constant, even for higher incidence levels. These findings indicate that at least in rich and industrialized countries like Germany, assuming a strictly linear relation between incidences and change of satisfaction is not appropriate.