bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attrition and Turnover Among Beginning Teachers in Texas by Preparation Program
Authors: Mitani Hajime , Fuller Edward J. , Hollingworth Liz 
Published: May 2022

Background: Prior work examined the relationship between teacher preparation programs (TPPs) and teacher attrition and turnover. However, such research aggregated all types of non-traditional certification programs (non-TCPs) into a single non-TCP group. This practice masks some critical differences among non-TCPs, and could send a misleading message to stakeholders and policymakers. Purpose: Our study builds on prior studies and empirically investigates the relationship between the types of TPPs and beginning teachers’ attrition and turnover behaviors in Texas public schools using a detailed non-TCP typology. Our study provides information about variation in attrition and turnover rates among non-TCPs and highlights the types of non-TCPs that exhibited different turnover and attrition patterns. Research Design: Using longitudinal administrative data and detailed data on preparation program type obtained from the Texas Education Agency, we estimated a series of logistic regression models and discrete-time hazard models with district fixed effects, school random effects, and school-by-year random effects. Findings: Non-TCP teachers were more likely to leave the profession or the district than TCP teachers for the first few years. Yet, by the end of the fourth year, attrition and turnover rates converged between TCP and non-TCP teachers. Among non-TCP teachers, teachers from district-administered programs and programs operated by private nonprofit organizations exhibited different attrition and turnover behaviors than other non-TCP teachers. Conclusion: Given the differential turnover and attrition rates among non-TCP teachers, district and school administrators may design tailored activities and programs that could meet the varying needs of teachers from different types of preparation programs.
The Use of 3-D Models of Echocardiographic Imaging Planes for Teaching Echocardiography Techniques for Use in Dogs and Cats
Authors: da Costa Bruna N. , Sousa Marlos G. , Tanji Fernanda N. , Ulanin Mariana , Wolf Marcela , Stedile Simone T. O. 
Published: May 2022

Echocardiography is an invaluable technique for the diagnosis of heart disease. The aim of this study was to develop 3-D models of healthy and diseased hearts of dogs and cats, and to evaluate their effectiveness in assisting veterinary undergraduates to understand echocardiographic imaging planes. Resin models depicting the main echocardiographic imaging planes of normal hearts were created, as well as example hearts with features of mitral degeneration in dogs and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in cats. After a theoretical class, fourth-year students were randomly assigned to one of two groups (model group or control group). The model group had access to the 3-D models, along with self-explanatory text about echocardiographic imaging planes; the control group only had access to the self-explanatory text. Both groups were allowed 2 weeks to study their allocated resources, after which the students undertook an assessment to evaluate their learning and completed a questionnaire about their experiences and satisfaction with the respective teaching method. A total of 39 students participated in the study, 19 in the model group and 20 in the control group. Students assigned to the model group spent more time studying ( p = 0.0027). The proportion of students who achieved a satisfactory grade in the assessment was 89.5% in the model group and 60% in the control group ( p = 0.0449). The 3-D models facilitated, and significantly improved, the identification of cardiac structures and disease-associated abnormalities, and the learning process in general. Additionally, the models seemed to provide greater student motivation for studying echocardiography.
Relationship between clinical severity and hemodynamic impact of great saphenous vein incompetence using strain gauge plethysmography and duplex ultrasound
Authors: Nelzén P Oskar E , Skoog Johan , Zachrisson Helene 
Published: May 2022

Objectives To evaluate the relation of quantitative Duplex ultrasound (DUS) and strain gauge plethysmography (SGP) parameters with clinical severity and quality of life in patients with superficial venous incompetence. Methods DUS volume flow and distal SGP refilling times (T50 and T90) were evaluated in 152 patients (164 Limbs) with superficial incompetence. Clinical severity and quality of life were evaluated with C of the CEAP classification, venous clinical severity score (VCSS), Aberdeen varicose vein questionnaire (AVVQ), and EuroQol 5D-3L. Results Higher DUS volume flow was associated with higher C in CEAP scores. Volume flow was also related to T50 and T90. Shorter T50 and T90 were associated with higher C in CEAP and VCSS. T50 was also associated with EQ-5DVAS. Reflux extension to the foot wase associated with shorter T50 and T90 and higher DUS volume flow. Conclusions DUS volume flow and SGP refilling times are related with clinical severity and provide quantitative information regarding venous function in patients with superficial incompetence.
Creating a Real-World Linked Research Platform for Analyzing the Urgent and Emergency Care System
Authors: Mason Suzanne , Stone Tony , Jacques Richard , Lewis Jennifer , Simpson Rebecca , Kuczawski Maxine , Franklin Matthew 
Published: May 2022

Background This article describes the development of a system-based data platform for research developed to provide a detailed picture of the characteristics of the Urgent and Emergency Care system in 1 region of the United Kingdom. Data Set Development CUREd is an integrated research data platform that describes the urgent and emergency care system in 1 region of the United Kingdom on almost 30 million patient contacts within the system. We describe regulatory approvals required, data acquisition, cleaning, and linkage. Data Set Analyses The data platform covers 2011 to 2017 for 14 acute National Health Service (NHS) Hospital Trusts, 1 ambulance service, the national telephone advice service (NHS 111), and 19 emergency departments. We describe 3 analyses undertaken: 1) Analyzing triage patterns from the NHS 111 telephone helpline using routine data linked to other urgent care services, we found that the current triage algorithms have high rates of misclassifying calls. 2) Applying an algorithm to consistently identify avoidable attendances for pediatric patients, we identified 21% of pediatric attendances to the emergency department as avoidable. 3) Using complex systems analysis to examine patterns of frequent attendance in urgent care, we found that frequent attendance is stable over time but varies by individual patient. This implies that frequent attendance is more likely to be a function of the system overall. Discussion We describe the processes necessary to produce research-ready data that link care across the components of the urgent and emergency care system. Making the use of routine data commonplace will require partnership between the collectors, owners, and guardians of the data and researchers and technical teams. Highlights This article describes the development of a system-level data platform for research using routine patient-level data from the urgent and emergency care system in 1 region of the United Kingdom. The article describes how the data were acquired, cleaned, and linked and the challenges faced when undertaking analysis with the data. The data set has been used to understand patient use of the system, journeys once in the system, and outcomes following its use, for example, patterns of frequent use within urgent care and accuracy of referral decisions within the system.
A Virtual, Simulated Code White for Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Stephen Tracey , King Keith , Taylor Mischa , Jackson Margot , Hilario Carla 
Published: May 2022

Background Nurses and nursing students are increasingly vulnerable to workplace violence, both verbal and physical, as health care settings and clients cope with unprecedented challenges including the COVID-19 pandemic. Concurrently, clinical learning opportunities for nursing students have been curtailed by public health restrictions and limited capacity. While virtual simulations have been promoted as an alternative to clinical hours, their effectiveness as an educational intervention on workplace violence has yet to be assessed. Purpose The authors sought to evaluate a virtual, simulated code white—a set of organized responses to a client, visitor, or staff member exhibiting the potential for violence—involving 4th year undergraduate nursing students, randomly sorted into an intervention group and a control group. Methods Pre and post test measures of knowledge and attitudes about mental health, workplace violence and virtual simulation were collected, as well as qualitative data from focus groups. Findings While the sample size (n = 24) was insufficient to detect meaningful differences between the intervention and control groups, descriptive statistics and focus group data revealed significant gaps in participants’ knowledge around managing workplace violence. Participants rated the virtual simulation highly for its realism and the opportunity to experience working in a virtual environment, while they felt the preamble and debrief were too short. Conclusions The findings illustrate a virtual code white simulation has clear educational benefits, and that multiple iterations, both virtual and in person, would most likely increase the benefits of the intervention.
Longitudinal Associations Between Cybervictimization and Adolescent Sleep Problems: The Role of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Zhu Jianjun 
Published: May 2022

Adolescents who have experienced cybervictimization are at risk for sleep problems. However, there is a gap in knowledge about the mechanism that would explain this link. The study used a longitudinal design to test if cybervictimization predicted adolescents' sleep problems 6 and 12 months later, and whether these patterns could be explained in part by emotional distress in response to the victimization. Participants were 1987 Chinese adolescents (56.1% males) ages 10 to 14 ( M = 12.32, SD = 0.53) at baseline. Data were collected over the course of 1 year, in three waves 6 months apart. The adolescents completed questionnaires regarding cybervictimization, sleep problems, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms at all three time points. Autoregressive cross-lagged models showed that cybervictimization predicted later sleep problems after controlling for traditional peer victimization, and anxiety and depressive symptoms mediated this link. Multivariate latent growth models showed that the developmental trajectories of cybervictimization, sleep problems, anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms were related in complex ways over time. Measures of study variables were self-reported, and generalizability may be limited by a sample of adolescents from school in China. These results are important because of their implications for prevention and treatment of adolescents’ sleep problems evoked by cybervictimization.
A longitudinal study of dispositional compassion in Syrian origin young adults resettling in the Netherlands
Authors: Laceulle Odilia M. , Stellar Jennifer E. , Kinan Alajak , Eva Alisic , Zeina Al Sawaf , Laurien Meijer , Moopen Neha , Trudy Mooren , Ozoruç Ilayda , Haza Rahim , Taşfiliz Duygu , Zonneveld Renée , Chung Joanne M. 
Published: May 2022

Background Dispositional compassion is regarded as a facet of Agreeableness, an emotional driver of prosociality, and a primary marker of adjustment. We examined changes in dispositional compassion in Syrian young adults resettling in the Netherlands, as well as the role of migration-related and demographic variables in this change. Methods We analyzed data from a 4-wave (T1-T4), 13-month longitudinal study ( N = 168; T1 Mage = 28.1 years, 70% male) using Latent Growth Curve Modelling (LGCM) in Mplus. Results Bivariate correlations indicated moderate test-retest correlations across the four waves of dispositional compassion and several correlations with the migration-related and demographic variables. A LGCM indicated a high initial level and small linear decrease in compassion over the four waves. Except for a link between pre-migration adversity and the intercept, the migration-related and demographic variables were not related to either the intercept of the slope of dispositional compassion. Conclusion Results suggest that high levels of dispositional compassion may be common for Syrian young adults with refugee backgrounds, but on average, slowly decreases over time. The cross-sectional associations between migration-related and demographic variables and dispositional compassion in the absence of a prospective one emphasize the importance of longitudinal research for understanding trajectories of adjustment.
COVID-19 management at one of the largest hospitals in Germany: Concept, evaluation and adaptation
Authors: Zhelyazkova Ana , Fischer Philipp M , Thies Nina , Schrader-Reichling Julia S , Kohlmann Thorsten , Adorjan Kristina , Huith René , Jauch Karl-Walter , Prückner Stephan M 
Published: May 2022

Context The LMU University Hospital is among the largest healthcare facilities in Germany. The measures implemented prior to and during the first pandemic wave of COVID-19, were evaluated in preparation of a second pandemic wave. This paper presents the pandemic management concept, evaluation and adaptation of LMU University Hospital. Methods Between July and September 2020 the disaster management team of LMU University Hospital conducted a mixed-method evaluation of the hospital’s pandemic management. A workshop series based on the After Action Review working group format was organized to examine the management structure, decision-making processes, documentation, and crisis preparedness response for a second COVID-19 wave. Further, the satisfaction of employees with the hospital’s COVID-19 management was examined through an anonymous survey. Results The workshop series highlighted a need for structural and operational adaptation of the COVID-19 management at LMU University Hospital. The results of the employee survey ( N = 2182) provided positive feedback for the measures taken during the first pandemic wave. Specific actions were derived concerning the availability of personal protective equipment and emergency childcare services. A key outcome of both evaluation activities was the identified need for further improvement in communication between stakeholders. All changes were adopted prior to the second pandemic wave.
Investigation of the efficiency of air heated solar collectors with different geometries by experimental method
Authors: Yildiz Muhammed Enis , Yilmaz Adem 
Published: May 2022

In this study, an experimental comparison of the thermal performances for four type of air-heated solar collectors was performed with different interior structures at various air velocities from 1 to 4 m/s within increments of 0.5 m/s. Collector with aluminum can, aluminum can-metal chip collector, aluminum can-paraffine collector, and baseline collector were used as air-heated solar collectors. According to the results, the average temperature difference in the aluminum can-metal chip solar collector was obtained as 54°C at 1.5 m/s, which is the highest average temperature difference among the collectors. For the solar collector with an aluminum can, the thermal efficiencies were 21% at 1 m/s and 31% at 1.5 m/s. The highest thermal efficiency was achieved as 53% at 4 m/s in the aluminum can-metal chip solar collector, while the aluminum can-paraffin solar collector reached the maximum value of 51% at 4 m/s.
Manual acupuncture at ST36 attenuates rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization and enhancing Treg cell populations in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats
Authors: Yu Nannan , Yang Fuming , Zhao Xue , Guo Yongming , Xu Yuan , Pang Guangchang , Gong Yinan , Wang Shenjun , Liu Yangyang , Fang Yuxin , Yu Kun , Yao Lin , Wang Hui , Zhang Kuo , Liu Baohu , Wang Zhenguo , Guo Yi , Xu Zhifang 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:Acupuncture has been found to be effective at relieving many inflammatory pain conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory potential of manual acupuncture (MA) treatment of RA using adjuvant-induced arthritic (AIA) rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms.Methods:The anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions of MA at ST36 ( Zusanli) in AIA rats were assessed using paw withdrawal latency and swelling, histological examination and cytokine detection by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). The cell–cell communication (CCC) network was analyzed with a multiplex immunoassay of 24 immune factors expressed in the inflamed joints, and the macrophage and Treg populations and associated cytokines regulated by MA were investigated using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), ELISA and flow cytometry.Results:MA markedly decreased heat hyperalgesia and paw swelling in AIA rats. MA-treated rats also exhibited decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β) coupled with increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1) in the ankle joints at protein and mRNA levels. CCC network analysis confirmed that macrophages are of critical importance and are potential therapeutic targets in RA. Repeated treatment with MA triggered a macrophage phenotypic switch in the paws, with fewer M1 macrophages. Prominent increases in the Treg cell population and TGF-β1 in the popliteal lymph nodes demonstrated the immunomodulatory effects of MA. Furthermore, a selective TGF-β1-receptor inhibitor, SB431542, attenuated the anti-inflammatory effects of MA and MA-induced suppression of the levels of M1-released cytokines.Conclusion:These findings provide novel evidence that the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of MA on RA act through phenotypic modulation involving the inhibition of M1 macrophage polarization and an increase in the Treg cell population, highlighting the potential therapeutic advantages of acupuncture in controlling pain and ameliorating inflammatory conditions.
Health professionals’ attitudes towards acupuncture/acupressure for post-operative nausea and vomiting: a survey and implications for implementation
Authors: Zheng Zhen , Stelmach Wanda S , Ma Jason , Briedis Juris , Hau Raphael , Tacey Mark , Atme Jeannette , Bourne Debra , Crabbe Julie , Fletcher Catherine , Howat Paul , Layton Jenny , Xue Charlie C 
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Level 1 evidence supports the use of acupuncture/acupressure (A/A) to manage post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV). This study aimed to survey healthcare professionals’ attitudes towards A/A, influencing factors and barriers to implementing this effective non-drug intervention into peri-operative care. Methods: A validated, anonymous survey with 43 questions was emailed or distributed as a hard copy at meetings to anaesthetists, midwives, nurses, obstetricians, gynaecologists and surgeons at a public hospital in Australia. Descriptive data were presented. Influencing factors were explored using chi-square analysis. Multinomial logistical regression was used to identify the influences of confounding factors. Results: A total of 155 completed surveys were returned, reflecting a response rate of 32%. The majority of participants were female (69%), nurses/midwives (61%) and aged between 20 and 50 years old (76%). Eighty-three percent of respondents considered A/A ‘clearly alternative’ medicine or ‘neither mainstream nor alternative’. Eighty-one percent would encourage patients to use acupressure for PONV if it was offered at the hospital. Previous personal use of A/A was the key factor influencing attitudes and openness to clinical use. The key barriers to implementation were perceived lack of evidence and lack of qualified providers and time. Conclusion: Hospital-based healthcare professionals strongly supported the evidence-based use of A/A for PONV despite considering the therapy to be non-mainstream and having limited A/A education or history of personal use, providing a positive context for an acupressure implementation study. Significant gaps in training and a desire to learn were identified.
Advance Care Planning and Attainment of Cancer Patients’ End-of-Life Preferences: Relatives’ Perspective
Authors: Bar-Sela Gil , Tur-Sinai Aviad , Givon-Schaham Noa , Bentur Netta 
Published: May 2022

Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine which element of advance care planning (ACP) - an advance directives (AD) document or an end-of-life discussion between patient and family (DwF), if any—improves the likelihood of cancer patients’ attaining their preferences regarding treatments in the last month of life and dying in the place they prefer. Methods First-degree relatives of deceased cancer patients, interviewed by telephone, were asked if the treatments the patients received in their last month of life and their place of death corresponded to the patients’ preferences. Nominal logistic regression analyses were conducted in search of significant association between having an AD document and/or conducting a DwF and patients’ treatment and place of death in accordance with their preferences. Results 491 deceased patients were included in the study. Their average age was 68; 52% were women. According to 32% of the relatives, the patients’ treatment in the last month of life was aligned with their preferences and 55% said the patients had died in their preferred place. Only 16.5% had an AD document, 58.5% only discussed their treatment preferences with relatives, and 25% did neither. DwF and ability to speak until last week of life were significantly related to receiving treatment consistent with patients’ preferences. Dying where the patient prefers is significantly associated with having an AD and a DwF, with an AD yielding higher odds. Conclusion A multifaceted interconnection exists between the two elements of ACP in attaining cancer patients’ wishes and abetting better end of life care.