bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoarchitectonics of Fullerene‐Based Enzyme Mimics for Osteogenic Induction of Stem Cells
Authors: Yeniterzi Dilara , Demirsoy Zeynep , Saylam Aytül , Özçubukçu Salih , Gülseren Gülcihan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEnzyme mimicry is a topic of considerable interest in the development of multifunctional biomimetic materials. Mimicking enzyme activity is a major challenge in biomaterials research, and artificial analogs that simultaneously recapitulate the catalytic and metabolic activity of native enzymes are considered to be the ultimate goal of this field. This consensus may be challenged by self‐assembling multifunctional nanostructures to develop close‐to‐fidelity enzyme mimics. Here, the ability of fullerene nanostructures decorated with active units to form enzyme‐like materials that can mimic phosphatases in a metal‐free manner is presented. These nanostructures self‐assemble into nanoclusters forming multiple random active sites that can cleave both phosphomonoesters and phosphodiesters while being more specific for the phosphomonoesters. Moreover, they are reusable and show an increase in catalytic activity over multiple cycles similar to their natural counterparts. In addition to having enzyme‐like catalytic properties, these nanocatalysts imitate the biological functions of their natural analogs by inducing biomineralization and osteoinduction in preosteoblast and mesenchymal stem cells in vitro studies.
Fabrication of Heterostructured BNNS‐g‐P4VP‐AuNPs Hybrid Fillers with Uniform and Dense Au Nanoparticles for Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of the Nanofibrillated Cellulose
Authors: Yin Tingting , Zhang Wenjie , He Yanjie , Shi Ge , Qiao Xiaoguang , Cui Zhe , Pang Xinchang , Liu Minying , Fu Peng , Zhang Xiaomeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFabrication of the metal nanoparticles decorated boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) is an effective method to reduce the interfacial thermal resistance between fillers and is beneficial to form thermally conductive pathways in the composite. However, due to the chemical inertness of BNNS, a large amount of metal nanoparticles is really difficult to be immobilized onto the surfaces of BNNS. To solve this problem, in this work, poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (P4VP), possessing lots of coordination sites with Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), is applied to modify the BNNS by the self‐initiated photografting and photopolymerization (SIPGP). Then, the heterostructured BNNS‐g‐P4VP‐AuNPs hybrid fillers are prepared through P4VP‐assisted metallization approach. Results demonstrate that a large amount of AuNPs with an average size of 3–5 nm is immobilized onto the surfaces of BNNS‐g‐P4VP successfully. Furthermore, the in‐plane thermal conductivity of the nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC)‐based composite film with 30 wt% BNNS‐g‐P4VP‐AuNPs can reach as high as 14.04 W m−1 K−1, due to the enhanced interfacial thermal conduction. Therefore, the proposed modification method promises opportunities for the fabrication of high‐efficiency thermally conductive fillers and composites.
Development of IoT‐based health monitoring antennafor mid‐band 5G
Authors: Balasubramaniam Murugeshwari , Singaravelu Raghavan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe study discusses the role of the Hexagonal Complementary Split Ring Resonator (HCSRR) in the construction of an Internet of Things (IoT) antenna for fifth‐generation (5 G) applications. The development of antenna is made up of a circular‐shaped monopole antenna and a partial ground plane; the HCSRR is present to improve resonance at 2.45 GHz. The physical and electrical properties of the antenna are thoroughly investigated. The suggested antenna comprises semi‐flexible RTduroid 5880 substrates (thickness = 0.787 mm) with a permittivity of 2.2. As a result, the loss of features is reduced. The impedance bandwidth (|S11 | −10 dB) with on body state covers the range of 1.0416–6.1660 GHz, resulting in a 209% compactness level. The operating frequency of the antenna is 2.45 GHz, however, the antenna covers Bluetooth (2.4–2.485 GHz), Wireless Fidelity‐Wi‐Fi (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz), and 5 G Mid‐bands (1–2.6 GHz and 3.5 GHz ‐6 GHz), which can be applicable for IoT‐based health monitoring.
Context is key: Maternal immune responses to pig allogeneic embryos
Authors: Martinez Cristina A. , Rodriguez‐Martinez Heriberto 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSuccessful establishment of pregnancy includes the achievement of a state of immune tolerance toward the embryos (and placenta), where the well‐coordinated maternal immune system is capable of recognizing conceptus antigens while maintaining maternal defense against pathogens. In physiological pregnancies, following natural mating or artificial insemination (AI), the maternal immune system is exposed to the presence of hemi‐allogeneic embryos, that is, embryos containing maternal self‐antigens and foreign antigens from the paternal side. In this scenario, the hemi‐allogeneic embryo is recognized by the mother, but the immune system is locally modified to facilitate embryo implantation and pregnancy progression. Pig allogeneic pregnancies (with embryos containing both paternal and maternal material foreign to the recipient female), occur during embryo transfer (ET), with conspicuously high rates of embryonic death. Mortality mainly occurs during the peri‐attachment phase, suggesting that immune responses to allogeneic embryos are more complex and less efficient, hindering the conceptuses to survive to term. Reaching a similar maternal tolerance as in conventional breeding would render ET successful. The present review critically summarizes mechanisms of maternal immune recognition of pregnancy and factors associated with impaired maternal immune response to the presence of allogeneic embryos in the porcine species.
Phase‐based masking for quantitative susceptibility mapping of the human brain at 9.4T
Authors: Hagberg Gisela E. , Eckstein Korbinian , Tuzzi Elisa , Zhou Jiazheng , Robinson Simon , Scheffler Klaus 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo develop improved tissue masks for QSM.MethodsMasks including voxels at the brain surface were automatically generated from the magnitude alone (MM) or combined with test functions from the first (PG) or second (PB) derivative of the sign of the wrapped phase.Phase images at 3T and 9.4T were simulated at different TEs and used to generate a mask, PItoh, with between‐voxel phase differences less than π. MM, PG, and PB were compared with PItoh. QSM were generated from 3D multi‐echo gradient‐echo data acquired at 9.4T (21 subjects aged: 20‐56y), and from the QSM2016 challenge 3T data using different masks, unwrapping, background removal, and dipole inversion algorithms. QSM contrast was quantified using age‐based iron concentrations.ResultsClose to air cavities, phase wraps became denser with increasing field and echo time, yielding increased values of the test functions. Compared with PItoh, PB had the highest Dice coefficient, while PG had the lowest and MM the highest percentage of voxels outside PItoh.Artifacts observed in QSM at 9.4T with MM were mitigated by stronger background filters but yielded a reduced QSM contrast. With PB, QSM contrast was greater and artifacts diminished. Similar results were obtained with challenge data, evidencing larger effects of mask close to air cavities.ConclusionAutomatic, phase‐based masking founded on the second derivative of the sign of the wrapped phase, including cortical voxels at the brain surface, was able to mitigate artifacts and restore QSM contrast across cortical and subcortical brain regions.
Influence of coupling effect in the chemo‐hydro‐mechanical consolidation of saturated soil layer
Authors: Zheng Xinjiang , Li Xiaoyue , Xu Yongfu , Wang Lei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn geological sites containing chemical pollutants, the clay buffer layer (CBL) is frequently utilized to isolate the pollutants from the external environment. Moreover, hydraulics, mechanics, and chemistry jointly pose impacts on the consolidation of CBL and the diffusion of chemical substances. In order to consider the coupled effect (termed chemo‐hydro‐mechanical‐CHM), a one‐dimensional consolidation model that fully considers CHM coupling (such as convection, ultrafiltration, and osmotic efficiency) is established. In the developed model, the excess pore pressure, chemical concentration, and soil settlement during the consolidation process are calculated via finite Fourier transform and inverse transform. Finally, the CHM coupling effect on consolidation under different conditions is analyzed and discussed. The results indicated that the coupling effect slowed down the entry of chemical substances into the soil layer so that the excess pore pressure dissipated faster, and the negative pore pressure was larger. Furthermore, the coupling effect increased the maximum settlement during consolidation but did not change the final settlement. The coupling effect prolonged the time of consolidation. In addition, the higher the osmotic efficiency, the greater the coupling effect, but the osmotic efficiency did not affect the time of consolidation.
Effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention to reduce social isolation and loneliness in community‐dwelling elders: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hernández‐Ascanio José , Perula‐de Torres Luis Ángel , Rich‐Ruiz Manuel , González‐Santos Josefa , Mielgo‐Ayuso Juan , González‐Bernal Jerónimo ,   ASyS Study Collaborative Group
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsTo assess the effect of a multicomponent intervention on reducing social isolation and loneliness and improving the quality of life in community‐dwelling older adults.DesignA cluster‐randomized controlled clinical trial.MethodsA total of 56 older adults participated in the control group and 63 older adults in the experimental group. The intervention consisted of 6 home‐based face‐to‐face sessions, intercalated with 5 telephone calls and was conducted by nursing students and volunteer staff with experience in the subject. The study was conducted between April 2018 and December 2019. In terms of statistical analysis, several procedures were carried out: a statistical analysis per protocol and intention to treat, considering isolation, loneliness and quality of life as endpoints; a comparison of paired means, to analyse the behaviour of the outcome variables at baseline and the end of the study; and finally, a binary logistic regression analysis, considering social support as a dependent variable.ResultsThe study results do not show the effectiveness of the modified CARELINK programme, analysed as a whole, on the decrease in social isolation or loneliness or the improvement in HRQL. However, a detailed analysis of the behaviour of some of the variables during the study indicates some results that deserve to be commented on. Comparing the mean confidential support scores between the experimental and control group at the initial and final stages shows significant differences in the analysis by protocol, and close to statistical significance in the analysis by intention to treat. Comparing the paired means obtained in the experimental group, an improvement in emotional loneliness scores was found. Finally, the variables associated with the social support of the subjects at the end of the follow‐up period were as follows: having people who help them and mobility.ConclusionAlthough the results obtained do not allow us to affirm that the intervention programme is effective, these same results point to improved confidential support and emotional loneliness in older adults participating in the intervention. Having people to help them and a greater degree of mobility are factors favouring the decrease in social isolation.ImpactThis study suggested that modified CARELINK, a multicomponent intervention performed by trained volunteers, could improve confidential support in community‐dwelling older adults. It also reports the importance of considering the level of mobility and support networks as determinants of the improvement caused by the intervention.
‘BARI Masur‐8’: A high‐yielding and biofortified lentil cultivar in Bangladesh
Authors: Shahin Uz Zaman Md , Altaf Hossain Md , Alam Md Jahangir , Mahbubul Alam AKM , Ali Md Omar , Sarker Debasish , Sarker Ashutosh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is a nutritious food for millions of people globally. It plays an important role in Bangladesh as a good source of protein and micronutrients for low‐income populations with less access to animal protein. To enhance nutritional security, a nutrient‐dense lentil line, LR‐9‐25, was identified from a Stemphylium blight (SB) screening population developed at The International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Areas through a cross between ILLX955‐135 and FLIP92‐52L. The line LR‐9‐25 was rigorously evaluated in diverse agro‐ecological conditions of Bangladesh and released for commercial cultivation by the Pulses Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute as ‘BARI Masur‐8’ (Reg. no. CV‐35, PI 700306) in 2015. BARI Masur‐8 matures in 115–120 d and fits well into existing rice‐based cropping patterns. It is a medium‐height (35 cm) and medium‐seeded (1.94 g 100−1 seed) cultivar having a high level of tolerance to SB and root rot diseases. BARI Masur‐8 showed high yield potential (1,973 kg ha−1) and high concentrations of Fe (74 mg kg−1), Zn (61 mg kg−1), and Se (325 μg kg−1) in seed. Another desirable trait is the late planting potential, with sowing up to the first week of December after the harvest of long‐duration rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, which is a major area for lentil production in Bangladesh. The cultivation of this improved cultivar will play an important role for enhancing nutritional security by increasing lentil production in Bangladesh, Nepal, and eastern Indian states in South Asia.
Comparison of pneumonia features in children caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 and other viral respiratory pathogens
Authors: del Valle Rut , Ballesteros Álvaro , Calvo Cristina , Sainz Talía , Mendez Ana , Grasa Carlos , Molino Paula R. , Mellado María J. , Sanz‐Santaeufemia Francisco J. , Herrero Blanca , Calleja Lourdes , Soriano‐Arandes Antoni , Melendo Susana , Rincón‐López Elena , Hernánz Alicia , Epalza Cristina , García‐Baeza Carmen , Rupérez‐García E. , Berzosa Arantxa , Ocaña Angustias , Villarroya‐Villalba Alvaro , Barrios Ana , Otheo Enrique , Galán Juan C. , Rodríguez Mario José , Mesa Juan M. , Domínguez‐Rodríguez Sara , Moraleda Cinta , Tagarro Alfredo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPneumonia is a frequent manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in hospitalized children.MethodsThe study involved 80 hospitals in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Spanish Pediatric National Cohort. Participants were children <18 years, hospitalized with SARS‐CoV‐2 community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP). We compared the clinical and radiological characteristics of SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated CAP with CAP due to other viral etiologies from ValsDance (retrospective) cohort.ResultsIn total, 151 children with SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated CAP and 138 with other viral CAP were included. Main clinical features of SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated CAP were cough, fever, or dyspnea. Lymphopenia was found in 43% patients and 15% required admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Chest X‐ray revealed condensation (42%) and other infiltrates (58%). Compared with CAP from other viral pathogens, COVID‐19 patients were older, with lower C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels, less wheezing, and greater need of mechanical ventilation (MV). There were no differences in the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or HVF, or PICU admission between groups.ConclusionSARS‐CoV‐2‐associated CAP in children presents differently to other virus‐associated CAP: children are older and rarely have wheezing or high CRP levels; they need less oxygen but more CPAP or MV. However, several features overlap and differentiating the etiology may be difficult. The overall prognosis is good.
Longitudinal and time‐to‐event modeling for prognostic implications of radical surgery in retroperitoneal sarcoma
Authors: Yao Ye , Wang Zhen , Yong Ling , Yao Qingyu , Tian Xiuyun , Wang Tianyu , Yang Qirui , Hao Chunyi , Zhou Tianyan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRetroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) is a rare malignancy which can be difficult to manage due to the variety of clinical behaviors. In this study, we aimed to develop a parametric modeling framework to quantify the relationship between postoperative dynamics of several biomarkers and overall/progression‐free survival of RPS. One hundred seventy‐four patients with RPS who received surgical resection with curative intent at the Peking University Cancer Hospital Sarcoma Center were retrospectively included. Potential prognostic factors were preliminarily identified. Longitudinal analyses of body mass index (BMI), serum total protein (TP), and white blood cells (WBCs) were performed using nonlinear mixed effects models. The impacts of time‐varying and time‐invariant predictors on survival were investigated by parametric time‐to‐event (TTE) models. The majority of patients experienced decline in BMI, recovery of TP, as well as transient elevation in WBC counts after surgery, which significantly correlated with survival. An indirect‐response model incorporating surgery effect described the fluctuation in percentage BMI. The recovery of TP was captured by a modified Gompertz model, and a semimechanistic model was selected for WBCs. TTE models estimated that the daily cumulative average of predicted BMI and WBC, the seventh‐day TP, as well as certain baseline variables, were significant predictors of survival. Model‐based simulations were performed to examine the clinical significance of prognostic factors. The current work quantified the individual trajectories of prognostic biomarkers in response to surgery and predicted clinical outcomes, which would constitute an additional strategy for disease monitoring and intervention in postoperative RPS.
An endobronchial hamartoma observed using narrow band imaging under saline injection: A case report
Authors: Kobayashi Misato , Kurimoto Noriaki , Mitarai Yuki , Okuno Takae , Nakao Mika , Hotta Takamasa , Hamaguchi Megumi , Tsubata Yukari , Isobe Takeshi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA light blue line (LBL) was observed along the edge of a lesion using narrow band imaging under saline injection during bronchoscopy in an 82‐year‐old patient with a lobulated mass on the left B4. The histopathological diagnosis was hamartoma with ciliated bronchial epithelium, and we speculated that LBL appeared around the ciliated bronchial epithelium.
Rare‐Earth Single‐Atom Catalysts: A New Frontier in Photo/Electrocatalysis
Authors: Wang Xuan , Zhu Yu , Li Hao , Lee Jong‐Min , Tang Yawen , Fu Gengtao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) provide well‐defined active sites with 100% atom utilization, and can be prepared using a wide range of support materials. Therefore, they are attracting global attention, especially in the fields of energy conversion and storage. To date, research has focused on transition‐metal and precious‐metal‐based SACs. More recently, rare‐earth (RE)‐based SACs have emerged as a new frontier in photo/electrocatalysis owing to their unique electronic structure arising from the spin‐orbit coupling of the 4f and valence orbitals, unsaturated coordination environment, and unique behavior as charge‐transport bridges. However, a systematic review on the role of the RE active sites, catalytic mechanisms, and synthetic methods for RE SACs is lacking. Therefore, in this review, the latest developments in RE SACs having applications in photo/electrocatalysis are summarized and discussed. First, the theoretical advantages of RE SACs for photo/electrocatalysis are briefly introduced, focusing on the roles of the 4f orbitals and coupled energy levels. In addition, the most recent research progress on RE SACs is summarized for several important photo/electrocatalytic reactions and the corresponding catalytic mechanisms are discussed. Further, the synthetic strategies for the production of RE SACs are reported. Finally, challenges for the development of RE SACs are highlighted, along with future research directions and perspectives.
Quantum kinetic theory for spin transport of quarks with background chromo-electromagnetic fields
Authors: Yang Di-Lun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We derive the quantum kinetic equations for massive and massless quarks coupled with the background chromo-electromagnetic fields from the Wigner-function approach with the n expansion and effective power-counting scheme. For each case, one obtains coupled color-singlet and color-octet kinetic equations, which also involve the scalar and axial-vector components for the charge and spin transport. These kinetic equations delineate entangled evolution of the corresponding distribution functions decomposed in color space. At weak coupling, we derive the close form of the color-singlet kinetic equations for spin transport, which incorporates the diffusion term and the source term that triggers dynamical spin polarization led by correlation functions of color fields. Also, the non-dynamical source term is found in the axial Wigner function. The induced spin polarization and axial charge currents by these source terms are discussed under physical assumptions for color-field correlators in near-equilibrium quark gluon plasmas. In the constant-field limit, we further obtain non-vanishing axial Ward identities, from which we extract the pseudo-scalar condensate for massive quarks at finite temperature.
Gaudin models and multipoint conformal blocks III: comb channel coordinates and OPE factorisation
Authors: Burić Ilija , Lacroix Sylvain , Mann Jeremy , Quintavalle Lorenzo , Schomerus Volker 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We continue the exploration of multipoint scalar comb channel blocks for conformal field theories in 3D and 4D. The central goal here is to construct novel comb channel cross ratios that are well adapted to perform projections onto all intermediate primary fields. More concretely, our new set of cross ratios includes three for each intermediate mixed symmetry tensor exchange. These variables are designed such that the associated power series expansion coincides with the sum over descendants. The leading term of this expansion is argued to factorise into a product of lower point blocks. We establish this remarkable factorisation property by studying the limiting behaviour of the Gaudin Hamiltonians that are used to characterise multipoint conformal blocks. For six points we can map the eigenvalue equations for the limiting Gaudin differential operators to Casimir equations of spinning four-point blocks.