bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dysbiosis: Gut feeling
Authors: Jalandra Rekha , Dhar Ruby , Pethusamy Karthikeyan , Sharma Minakshi , Karmakar Subhradip 
Published: August 2022

A healthy host-microbiome relationship, crucial for intestinal homeostasis, is established early in postnatal life. Imbalance in the neonatal microbiome may lead to the development of chronic pathological conditions later in life. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is increasingly being linked to the etiology of both intestinal and systemic illnesses such as irritable bowel disease (IBD), cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, as well as kidney and neurological disorders. Gut dysbiosis also leads to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite substantial research, little is known about the interactions between microorganisms, their hosts, and their environments, or whether dysbiosis is a cause or consequence of disease. According to a recent hypothesis, bacterial species living in the mucus layer of the colon may determine whether cellular homeostasis is retained or inflammatory processes are elicited, either through direct interaction with intestinal epithelium or indirectly via bacterial metabolites. Recently, high throughput deep-sequencing technology has enabled the characterization of the microbiota in patients suffering from intestinal or extra-intestinal disorders, and a strong association between dysbiosis and disease development was found. However, specific disease drivers still need to be identified in most cases. Small compounds and metabolites produced by gut bacterial flora act as signaling molecules, such as neurotransmitters and neuropeptides that can profoundly influence host physiology. These metabolites play a crucial role in modulating gut-brain crosstalk. There is growing evidence that neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson’s and others, may originate or be exaggerated in response to microbial dysbiosis either directly or indirectly interfering with the drugs through metabolites. The present evidence on the role of the gut microbiota in disease development and drug metabolism is summarized in this review. Based on available studies, we can explore the potential of gut flora to alleviate disease progression.
Sustainability of the regional financial system: a case study of the Northwestern Federal District
Authors: Evgenievich Barykin Sergey , Aleksandrovich Mikheev Alexey , Grigorievna Kiseleva Elena , Evgenievich Putikhin Yuriy , De La Poza Plaza Elena , Sergeevna Alekseeva Natalia 
Published: August 2022

Background: This article provides an assessment of the sustainability of Russian regions’ financial systems. The study is based on the methods of generalization and synthesis, correlation-regression analysis, and multivariate classification. Since the structure of the regional financial system is complex, several works are devoted to studying its sustainability issues. The relevance of the study topic is confirmed by the lack of a systematic approach to assessing the integral index of sustainability and the possibility of using various tools in determining the complex indicator. Methods: This methodology with application of mathematical statistics methods makes it possible to assess the financial system sustainability in four sectors, to include the leading indicators in the assessment, and to identify regions with extreme values of debt burden indicators. The method was tested for the regions of the Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) for the period 2010 - 2019 to classify the regions according to three levels of debt sustainability. Data collection from the 1st January to 30th April 2022 included statistical data from government open internet sources, sectors studied relate to government, and municipal budgets in the NWFD. Authors analyzed regional debt sustainability indicators and identified themes in the field of sustainability studies for the NWFD. Results: An increased level of financial system sustainability was observed among the NWFD regions in the corporative and personal finance sectors, indicating a significant contribution of businesses and households to maintaining the balance and sustainability of the financial system in Russia as a whole. The results of the study also identified that the NWFD regions belong to three clusters: cluster 1 - high debt sustainability; cluster 2 - medium debt sustainability; and cluster 3 - low debt sustainability. Conclusions: The study results allowed the identification of regions with a constantly high level of debt, financial, and corporative sustainability.
Statistical models for the deterioration of kidney function in a primary care population: A retrospective database analysis
Authors: Oke Jason L , Feakins Benjamin G , Schlackow Iryna , Mihaylova Borislava , Simons Claire , O'Callaghan Chris A , Lasserson Daniel S , Hobbs F D Richard , Stevens Richard J , Perera Rafael 
Published: August 2022

Background: Evidence for kidney function monitoring intervals in primary care is weak, and based mainly on expert opinion. In the absence of trials of monitoring strategies, an approach combining a model for the natural history of kidney function over time combined with a cost-effectiveness analysis offers the most feasible approach for comparing the effects of monitoring under a variety of policies. This study aimed to create a model for kidney disease progression using routinely collected measures of kidney function. Methods: This is an open cohort study of patients aged ≥18 years, registered at 643 UK general practices contributing to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink between 1 April 2005 and 31 March 2014. At study entry, no patients were kidney transplant donors or recipients, pregnant or on dialysis. Hidden Markov models for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) stage progression were fitted to four patient cohorts defined by baseline albuminuria stage; adjusted for sex, history of heart failure, cancer, hypertension and diabetes, annually updated for age. Results: Of 1,973,068 patients, 1,921,949 had no recorded urine albumin at baseline, 37,947 had normoalbuminuria (<3mg/mmol), 10,248 had microalbuminuria (3–30mg/mmol), and 2,924 had macroalbuminuria (>30mg/mmol). Estimated annual transition probabilities were 0.75–1.3%, 1.5–2.5%, 3.4–5.4% and 3.1–11.9% for each cohort, respectively. Misclassification of eGFR stage was estimated to occur in 12.1% (95%CI: 11.9–12.2%) to 14.7% (95%CI: 14.1–15.3%) of tests. Male gender, cancer, heart failure and age were independently associated with declining renal function, whereas the impact of raised blood pressure and glucose on renal function was entirely predicted by albuminuria. Conclusions: True kidney function deteriorates slowly over time, declining more sharply with elevated urine albumin, increasing age, heart failure, cancer and male gender. Consecutive eGFR measurements should be interpreted with caution as observed improvement or deterioration may be due to misclassification.
A systematic review of the case findings, testing and management of COVID-19
Authors: Susanna Dewi , Pratiwi Dian , Purnama Sang Gede 
Published: August 2022

Background: Mass testing and adequate management are essential to terminate the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This testing is due to the possibility of unidentified cases, especially ones without COVID-19 related symptoms. This review aimed to examine the outcome of the existing studies on the ways of identifying COVID-19 cases, and determine the populations at risk, symptom and diagnostic test management of COVID-19. Methods: The articles reviewed were scientific publications on the PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Scopus databases. The keywords used to obtain the data were COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and case detection, case management or diagnostic test. We applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Population, Intervention, Control and Outcomes (PICO) approaches. Results: A total of 21 articles from 13 countries met the inclusion criteria and were further analyzed qualitatively. However, 62% of the articles used a rapid antibody test for screening rather than a rapid antigen test. According to the rapid antigen test, 51.3% were positive, with men aged above 50 years recording the highest number of cases. Furthermore, 57.1% of patients were symptomatic, while diagnostic tests' sensitivity and specificity increased to 100% in 14 days after the onset. Conclusions: Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is recommended by the World Health Organization for detection of COVID-19. Suppose it is unavailable, the rapid antigen test is used as an alternative rather than the rapid antibody test. Diagnosis is expected to be confirmed using the PCR and serological assay to achieve an early diagnosis of COVID-19, according to disease progression, gradual rapid tests can be used, such as rapid antigen in an earlier week and antibody tests confirmed by RT–PCR and serological assay in the second week of COVID-19.
Student teachers' perceptions of the collaborative relationships between universities and inclusive elementary schools in Indonesia
Authors: Rasmitadila Rasmitadila , Humaira Megan Asri , Rachmadtullah Reza 
Published: August 2022

Background: The collaborative relationship between universities and inclusive elementary schools has not been maximally practiced. The form of collaboration that universities with inclusive elementary schools have carried out is still limited to the need to complete lecture materials during the semester. There is a gap between the theory and practice obtained by student teachers at universities when they have to teach in inclusive elementary schools. As a result, they have not contributed to solving problems that occur in inclusive elementary schools. The collaborative relationship between inclusive elementary schools and universities directly implies that the success of inclusive education is determined by the competence of student teachers whose lecturers have successfully educated them in order to teach in inclusive elementary schools. Compared to the background that the inclusive education system is developing in Indonesia, the researchers investigated student teachers' perceptions at universities regarding inclusive university-inclusive elementary school collaborative relationships. Methods: During data collection, an online survey and in-depth interviews of student teachers about individual experiences and their ideas about the form of inclusive elementary schools-university partnerships was conducted. The data analysis used was a thematic analysis technique. Result: The result summarizes student teachers' statements, revealed three main themes: provision of inclusive education needs, research, and field practice. The student teachers revealed that the collaborative relationship between universities and inclusive elementary schools is essential in order to develop holistic, inclusive practices in a collaborative partnership based on input-needs, which has a two-way impact or benefit for both parties. Conclusions: Furthermore, collaborative relationships must be in the form of long-term programs, such as continuous assistance, and adaptation to the development of inclusive education through lecture materials. To achieve successful inclusive education in Indonesia, we also recommended that the government make policies on multi-sectoral collaboration in order to support inclusive education.
The effects of robotic assistance on upper limb spatial muscle synergies in healthy people during planar upper-limb training
Authors: Cancrini Adriana , Baitelli Paolo , Lavit Nicora Matteo , Malosio Matteo , Pedrocchi Alessandra , Scano Alessandro 
Published: August 2022

Background
Robotic rehabilitation is a commonly adopted technique used to restore motor functionality of neurological patients. However, despite promising results were achieved, the effects of human-robot interaction on human motor control and the recovery mechanisms induced with robot assistance can be further investigated even on healthy subjects before translating to clinical practice. In this study, we adopt a standard paradigm for upper-limb rehabilitation (a planar device with assistive control) with linear and challenging curvilinear trajectories to investigate the effect of the assistance in human-robot interaction in healthy people.

Methods
Ten healthy subjects were instructed to perform a large set of radial and curvilinear movements in two interaction modes: 1) free movement (subjects hold the robot handle with no assistance) and 2) assisted movement (with a force tunnel assistance paradigm). Kinematics and EMGs from representative upper-limb muscles were recorded to extract phasic muscle synergies. The free and assisted interaction modes were compared assessing the level of assistance, error, and muscle synergy comparison between the two interaction modes.

Results
It was found that in free movement error magnitude is higher than with assistance, proving that task complexity required assistance also on healthy controls. Moreover, curvilinear tasks require more assistance than standard radial paths and error is higher. Interestingly, while assistance improved task performance, we found only a slight modification of phasic synergies when comparing assisted and free movement.

Conclusions
We found that on healthy people, the effect of assistance was significant on task performance, but limited on muscle synergies. The findings of this study can find applications for assessing human-robot interaction and to design training to maximize motor recovery.
Effect of enzymes by substitution of corn with wheat on growth performance and digestibility of broilers
Authors: Javed Khuram , Salman Muhammad , Sharif Muhammad , Muneer Hussain , Najam Talha , Iqbal Umair 
Published: August 2022

Substitution of corn with wheat associated with its variable energy content and detrimental effect on broiler performance. In a case of high-cost yellow corn, several feed producers are choosing to replace yellow corn with other ingredients like wheat, barley or sorghum. The predominant Non Starch Polysaccharides (NSP) in wheat are the pentosans (arabinixylans). Nonstarch polysaccharides create a viscous environment in the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens thereby interfering with the digestion and absorption of nutrients. Broilers lack endogenous enzymes to degrade arbino-xylans of wheat. Supplementation of exogenous feed grade enzymes to the cereal based diets improve the performance of broilers. Enzyme supplementation of chicken cereals based diets has resulted in improved starch and nitrogen digestibility as well as improved absorption of starch, amino acids and lipids. Supplemental enzymes such as β-glucanase, xylanase, protease and amylase break the polymeric chains of NSP into smaller pieces, thereby improving their nutritional value. The study concluded that the supplementation of NSP-degrading enzymes in wheat-based diet improve growth performance, ileal viscosity and gastric passage rate in broiler chickens.
Secretaria de Esportes e Lazer do Município de Valinhos - SP: Marco Legal para Promoção de Políticas Públicas
Authors: Giolo-Melo Caroline , Pacheco Reinaldo Tadeu Boscolo 
Published: August 2022

A prática de atividade física proporciona benefícios à saúde física e mental. As políticas públicas de esporte e lazer configuram-se como primordiais para garantir o acesso da população em geral aos programas de exercícios físicos orientados e a locais que possibilitem a prática autônoma. Nessa perspectiva, o presente estudo refere-se a uma pesquisa documental, de abordagem qualitativa, realizada no final do segundo semestre de 2016 e início do primeiro semestre de 2017, em registros internos da Secretaria de Esportes e Lazer do município de Valinhos - SP, site oficial da Prefeitura e da Câmara Municipal, Leis Municipais, Imprensa Oficial (Boletim Municipal), atas do Conselho Municipal de Esportes e informações prestadas pelos Diretores de Esportes. Trata-se da parte documental da pesquisa que originou a dissertação de mestrado intitulada “Políticas públicas e qualidade de vida: um estudo sobre os grupos de ginástica da Prefeitura Municipal de Valinhos – SP”, apresentada à Universidade de São Paulo – USP. Dessa forma, nesse artigo serão expostas as Leis relativas ao funcionamento das atividades da Secretaria de Esportes e Lazer, as quais garantem a oferta de políticas públicas de Esportes e Lazer no município. Serão apresentados: Plano Plurianual, relativo ao período de 2014 a 2017, (Lei Municipal nº 4.957 de 13 de dezembro de 2013), Lei de Diretrizes Orçamentárias (Lei Municipal nº 5.314 de 18 de julho de 2016), Lei Orçamentária Anual, relativa ao exercício de 2017 (Lei Municipal nº 5.373 de 14 de dezembro de 2016), o Conselho Municipal de Esportes e o Fundo Municipal de Esportes de Valinhos (Lei Municipal nº 4.759 de 23 de maio de 2012). Também a relação entre o trabalho realizado na Secretaria com as diretrizes do Plano Diretor do Município (Lei Municipal 3.841 de 21 de dezembro de 2004) e Lei Orgânica Municipal (promulgada em 05 de abril de 1990). Este artigo também visa servir de base para futuras pesquisas na área, bem como para elaboração de novas políticas, ressaltando-se que estas devem ser inclusivas, democráticas e descentralizadas, bem como avaliadas periodicamente.

Palavras-chave: Política Pública. Esporte. Plano Plurianual. Lei de Diretrizes Orçamentárias. Lei Orçamentária Anual.
VALUING THE URBAN SPACE ACCORDING TO THE REHABILITATION OF GREEN SPACES
Authors: Tahri Djeloul 
Published: August 2022

The nations of the ancient world paid special attention to the vegetation cover, and made it units of different dimensions and different arrangements, and various types of life sciences, engineering, and art were used for these units. Nature, fresh air and spacious spaces.
Algerian cities in general, and their residential neighbourhoods in particular, know many aspects of deterioration, especially those associated with the preparation of external areas, foremost of which is the apparent lack of creation of green spaces within urban areas.
Al-Bayadh, like other Algerian cities, complains of most of its residential neighborhoods of a complete absence of prepared green spaces, while the remaining neighborhoods contain green spaces in a deteriorating condition.
Metodologi David Hume (Empirisme) dalam Pemikiran Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Sari Nurazila , Sangkot Sirait  
Published: August 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana metodologi David Hume (empirisme) dalam pemikiran pendidikan Islam. Teknik pengumpulan data ini dengan cara analisis deskriptif, content analisys atau analisis isi, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun yang dihasilkan dari penarikan kesimpulan melalui metode yang bersifat literatur dengan jenis penelitian pustaka (library research) yaitu teori David Hume dalam pemikiran pendidikan Islam, ada pembenaran teori dengan kejadian yang telah terjadi berkaitan dengan mukjizat. Tetapi, juga ada pembantahan dari semua teori David Hume tersebut dengan melandaskannya pada Al-Qur’an. Tidak ada yang salah dari teori pemikiran David Hume, tetapi tidak semua bisa kita jadikan sebagai landasan. Salah satunya kritik Hume yang difokuskan pada agama, ini lebih banyak pemikiran Hume yang bertolak belakang dengan pendidikan Islam. Karena sesungguhnya dalam pendidikan Islam itu berlandaskan Al-Qur’an dan Hadist.
Konsep Dasar Kurikulum Pendidikan Islam: Kajian Teoritis Filosofis
Authors: Faiq Ilham Rosyadi  , Usman  
Published: August 2022

Kemampuan memahami konsep dasar kurikulum pendidikan Islam adalah prasyarat bagi guru sebelum ia memulai kegiatan pendidikan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menelaah konsep dasar kurikulum pendidikan Islam melalui kajian teoritis filosofis. Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian pustaka yang dilakukan melalui pengumpulan data literatur yang sesuai dengan fokus kajian. Data yang diperleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model analisis interaktif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kurikulum pendidikan Islam merupakan sebuah rancangan belajar yang disusun secara sistematis, integratif, komprehensif dan berpondasi pada nilai dan ajaran agama Islam. Karakteristik yang tercerminkan dari kurikulum tersebut mengutamakan tujuan Islam, berorientasi tauhidik, memenuhi kebutuhan peserta didik dalam berbagai aspek, menyediakan materi pengetahuan yang realistis, dan menghindarkan dari pemikiran peserta didik yang dikotomis. Dalam proses penyusunannya harus berprinsip pada tujuh prinsip pokok diantaranya: integral, universal, keseimbangan keterkaitan, fleksibilitas, individualisasi dan sinkronisasi. Selanjutnya, dalam perjalanannya kurikulum pendidikan Islam harus berorientasi pada pelestarian nilai, peserta didik, sosial demand, penciptaan tenaga kerja dan penciptaan lapangan pekerjaan.
Relevansi Kepemimpinan Muhammad Al-Fatih Dengan Kompetensi Kepemimpinan Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Dwi Afriyanto  
Published: August 2022

Abstract: The low leadership competence of PAI teachers resulted in not optimal learning activities and school community organization. PAI teachers only play a role in the classroom without wider participation, causing the loss of leadership models in schools. This study aims to determine the relevance of Muhammad Al-Fatih's leadership with the leadership competence of PAI teachers. This research is a descriptive-qualitative type of literature. Researchers tried to collect data in the form of texts about Muhammad Al-Fatih using historical methods. The results showed that PAI teachers should have the ability to plan effective and meaningful learning, be able to be role models and have noble moral behavior, have organizational management skills, have the ability as innovators, motivators, facilitators, and mentors of students, and be able to maintain, control, and directing the habituation of practicing Islamic teachings and being able to apply religious values ​​for students.
Abstrak: Rendahnya kompetensi kepemimpinan guru PAI mengakibatkan tidak maksimalnya kegiatan pembelajaran dan pengorganisasian komunitas sekolah. Guru PAI hanya berperan dalam kelas tanpa partisipasi lebih luas sehingga menyebabkan hilangnya teladan kepemimpinan di sekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui relevansi kepemimpinan Muhammad Al-Fatih dengan kompetensi kepemimpinan guru PAI. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kajian pustaka dengan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa guru PAI hendaknya memiliki kemampuan dalam perencanaan pembelajaran yang efektif, mampu menjadi teladan dan memiliki perilaku akhlak mulia, memiliki kemampuan manajemen organisasi, memiliki kemampuan sebagai inovator, motivator, fasilitator, dan pembimbing peserta didik, serta dapat menjaga, mengendalikan, dan mengarahkan pembiasaan pengamalan ajaran agama Islam dan mampu menerapkan nilai-nilai beragama bagi peserta didik.
Vom Solo zum erfolgreichen Trio: Die Bibliothek im Haus der Musik Innsbruck
Authors: Benedikt Lorenz , Ramminger Eva 
Published: August 2022

Zusammenfassung
Die Bibliothek im Haus der Musik Innsbruck ist eine Serviceeinrichtung innerhalb eines neuen Ausbildungs- und Veranstaltungszentrums für Musik und Theater in der Altstadt von Innsbruck. In einer Kooperation von Universität Innsbruck, der Universität Mozarteum Salzburg und dem Tiroler Landeskonservatorium entstand hier ein neues Kompetenzzentrum für musikwissenschaftliche und für musikpädagogische Literatur. Organisatorisch ist sie als Spezialbibliothek an der Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Tirol in Innsbruck angesiedelt. Nach vier Jahren Betrieb ist eine Bewertung dieser österreichweit einzigartigen Kooperation möglich.