bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐Invasive Thermal Therapy for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Li Longfei , Zhang Xiaodi , Zhou Jun , Zhang Liqun , Xue Jiajia , Tao Wei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOwing to the development of nanotechnology and noninvasive treatment, thermal therapy in combination with external stimuli has been applied for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM), which has attracted more and more attention in recent years. In this review, the recent progress of applying a variety of non‐invasive thermal therapeutic modalities for TERM, including photothermal therapy, magnetic thermotherapy, and ultrasound thermotherapy, as well as other thermal therapeutics are discussed. The parameters and conditions that need to be considered and regulated to realize a well‐controlled thermal therapy for tissue regeneration are also discussed. Afterwards, the current concerns and challenges of putting thermal therapy into clinical applications are pointed out. At last, perspectives are provided for the future development directions, aiming to providing opportunities and a novel pathway for TERM.
An organ‐specific transcriptomic atlas of the medicinal plant Bletilla striata: Protein‐coding genes, microRNAs, and regulatory networks
Authors: Ma Xiaoxia , Tang Kehua , Tang Zhonghai , Dong Aiwen , Xiao Hang , Meng Yijun , Wang Pu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAs one of the important species belonging to the Bletilla genus of Orchidaceae, Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb. f., possesses both ornamental and medicinal values. Its dried tubers are used as a traditional Chinese medicine, and several secondary metabolites have been indicated to be the active ingredients. However, the molecular mechanisms related to the regulation of secondary metabolism have not been characterized in B. striata. In this study, integrated analysis of RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq), small RNA sequencing (sRNA‐seq), and degradome sequencing (degradome‐seq) data from three organs (leaf, root, and tuber) of B. striata provided us with a comprehensive view of the microRNA (miRNA)‐mediated regulatory network. Firstly, based on the RNA‐seq data, the organ‐specific expression patterns of the protein‐coding genes, especially for those related to secondary metabolism, were investigated. Secondly, 342 conserved miRNA candidates were identified from B. striata. These miRNAs were assigned to 88 families, some of which were selected for expression pattern analysis. Additionally, 31 hairpin‐structured precursors encoding 23 novel miRNAs were uncovered from the transcriptome assembly. Thirdly, based on the degradome signatures, 1,142 validated miRNA–target pairs (involving 167 conserved miRNAs and six novel miRNAs and 51 target genes) were included in the regulatory network. Organ‐specific expression level comparison between the miRNAs and their targets revealed some interesting miRNA–target pairs. Fourthly, some valuable subnetworks were extracted for further functional studies. Additionally, some regulatory pathways were indicated to be monocot specific. Summarily, our results lay a solid basis for in‐depth studies on the regulatory mechanisms underlying the production of the medicinal ingredients in B. striata.
Use of a videofluoroscopic feeding evaluation to guide management of dogs with congenital idiopathic megaoesophagus
Authors: Lyngby Janne G. , Haines Jillian M. , Guess Sarah C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence‐based guidelines for determining dietary management in dogs with megaoesophagus are lacking.ObjectivesThis study looked to compare oesophageal clearance times (ECT) of liquid and two food consistencies using a contrast videofluoroscopy feeding evaluation, and to assess if recommendations made based on findings could improve regurgitation and quality of life in dogs with congenital megaoesophagus.MethodsTwenty‐one dogs with congenital megaoesophagus and nine healthy dogs received liquid, slurry, and meatball diets containing barium while in an upright position. Follow‐up was performed to determine response to recommendations.ResultsHealthy dogs had significantly shorter median ECT for all consistencies (p < 0.001). In the megaoesophagus group, ECT varied by consistency and individual. The number of dogs in the megaoesophagus group with complete clearance was four (median ECT 10 min) for liquid, five (median ECT 5 min) for slurry, and two (median ECT 5 and 30 min, respectively) for meatballs. Partial clearance was seen in 11 dogs (median clearance 25%) with liquid, seven with slurry (median clearance 50%), and five with meatballs (median clearance 60%). Recommendations included altering current medications (13/21 dogs), diet consistency (6/21), time upright (12/21), water delivery (21/21), and adding activity (7/21). Regurgitation episodes/week decreased significantly from 5.5 to 2.5 (p < 0.001) at follow‐up 3–5 weeks post‐evaluation, with 95% of owners reporting improvement in quality of life. Seventy percent were alive 46–777 days after last recheck. Three dogs died from megaoesophagus associated complications (median survival 461 days after diagnosis).ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest that a videofluoroscopic feeding evaluation may help guide management of dogs with congenital megaoesophagus.
Hyperandrogenism and Polycystic ovary syndrome: Effects in pregnancy and offspring development
Authors: Abruzzese Giselle A. , Silva Aimé F. , Velazquez Mariela E. , Ferrer Maria‐José , Motta Alicia B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the major endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age. Its etiology remains unclear. It is suggested that environmental factors, and particularly the intrauterine environment, play key roles in PCOS development. Besides the role of androgens in PCOS pathogenesis, exposure to endocrine disruptors, as is Bisphenol A, could also contribute to its development. Although PCOS is considered one of the leading causes of ovarian infertility, many PCOS patients can get pregnant. Some of them by natural conception and others by assisted reproductive technique treatments. As hyperandrogenism (one of PCOS main features) affects ovarian and uterine functions, PCOS women, despite reaching pregnancy, could present high‐risk pregnancies, including implantation failure, an increased risk of gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. Moreover, hyperandrogenism may also be maintained in these women during pregnancy. Therefore, as an altered uterine milieu, including hormonal imbalance, could affect the developing organisms, monitoring these patients throughout pregnancy and their offspring development is highly relevant. The present review focuses on the impact of androgenism and PCOS on fertility issues and pregnancy‐related outcomes and offspring development. The evidence suggests that the increased risk of pregnancy complications and adverse offspring outcomes of PCOS women would be due to the factors involved in the syndrome pathogenesis and the related co‐morbidities. A better understanding of the involved mechanisms is still needed and could contribute to a better management of these women and their offspring.This article is categorized under:
Reproductive System Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology
Reproductive System Diseases > Environmental Factors
Russian and Turkish Migration Regimes in a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Urinboyev Rustamjon , Eraliev Sherzod 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGlobal political developments, economic growth and trade liberalization since the 1980s have changed the political and economic landscapes of most regions in the world. First, the collapse of the Soviet Union (and the communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe) lead to the movement of large segments of populations. For example, the dissolution of the Soviet Union alone left tens of millions of people divided into several countries.
Schützende Bewältigung: Eine Grounded Theory
Authors: Logeswaran Araththy 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel möchte ich die Ergebnisse meiner Analyse zusammenführen und das Theoriemodell der Schützenden Bewältigung vorstellen. Es handelt sich hierbei um eine Handlungstheorie. Diese Art von Theorie erklärt die Interaktionsprozesse zwischen Individuen und/oder Gruppen. Schützende Bewältigung ist ein Phänomen, das bei Menschen mit Diskriminierungserfahrung eine zentrale Rolle bei der Handlungsauswahl spielt. Die Befragten verwendeten in ihren erzählerischen Rekonstruktionen wiederkehrend den Begriff schützen, worauf ich aufmerksam wurde, bevor ich das Phänomen als solches identifizierte.
On the L∞ formulation of Chern-Simons theories
Authors: Salgado S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
L∞ algebras have been largely studied as algebraic frameworks in the formulation of gauge theories in which the gauge symmetries and the dynamics of the interacting theories are contained in a set of products acting on a graded vector space. On the other hand, FDAs are differential algebras that generalize Lie algebras by including higher-degree differential forms in their differential equations. In this article, we review the dual relation between FDAs and L∞ algebras. We study the formulation of standard Chern-Simons theories in terms of L∞ algebras and extend the results to FDA-based gauge theories. We focus on two cases, namely a flat (or zero-curvature) theory and a generalized Chern-Simons theory, both including high-degree differential forms as fundamental fields.
AdS3×S2 in IIB with small $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = (4, 0) supersymmetry
Authors: Macpherson Niall T. , Ramirez Anayeli 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We consider warped AdS3×S2×M5 backgrounds in type II supergravity preserving small $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (4, 0) supersymmetry. We show that imposing $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (4, 0) supersymmetry imposes between 0 and 3 a priori isometries in the internal M5. In this work we focus on classes of solution where M5 exhibits no a priori isometry which imposes additional constraints. Solving these in IIA forces M5 to support an SU(2)-structure, a class already studied in [10], while in IIB one arrives at two broad new classes with identity-structure that we reduce to local expressions for the physical fields and PDEs.
Numerical and experimental validation of gas metal arc welding on AISI 441 ferritic stainless steel through mechanical and microstructural analysis
Authors: Caruso Serafino , Umbrello Domenico 
Published: April 2022

AbstractResidual stresses and strains, distortions, heat-affected zone (HAZ), grain size changes and hardness variation during gas metal arc welding (GMAW), are fundamental aspects to study and control during welding processes. For this reason, numerical simulations of the welding processes represent the more frequently used tool to better analyse the several aspects characterizing this joining process with the aim to reduce lead time and production costs. In the present study, an uncoupled 3D thermo-mechanical analysis was carried out by two commercial finite element method (FEM) software to model an experimental single bead GMAW of AISI 441 at different processes set-up. The experimental HAZ and measured temperatures were used to calibrate the heat source of both the used numerical codes, then a validation phase was done to test the robustness of the two developed analytical procedures. One software was used to predict the residual stresses and strains and the distortions of the welded components, while in the second software, a user routine was implemented, including a physical based model and the Hall-Petch (H-P) equation, to predict grain size change and hardness evolution, respectively. The results demonstrate that the predicted mechanical and microstructural aspects agree with those experimentally found showing the reliability of the two codes in predicting the thermal phenomena characterizing the HAZ during the analysed welding process.
Automated measurement of total kidney volume from 3D ultrasound images of patients affected by polycystic kidney disease and comparison to MR measurements
Authors: Jagtap Jaidip M. , Gregory Adriana V. , Homes Heather L. , Wright Darryl E. , Edwards Marie E. , Akkus Zeynettin , Erickson Bradley J. , Kline Timothy L. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Total kidney volume (TKV) is the most important imaging biomarker for quantifying the severity of autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). 3D ultrasound (US) can accurately measure kidney volume compared to 2D US; however, manual segmentation is tedious and requires expert annotators. We investigated a deep learning-based approach for automated segmentation of TKV from 3D US in ADPKD patients.

Method
We used axially acquired 3D US-kidney images in 22 ADPKD patients where each patient and each kidney were scanned three times, resulting in 132 scans that were manually segmented. We trained a convolutional neural network to segment the whole kidney and measure TKV. All patients were subsequently imaged with MRI for measurement comparison.

Results
Our method automatically segmented polycystic kidneys in 3D US images obtaining an average Dice coefficient of 0.80 on the test dataset. The kidney volume measurement compared with linear regression coefficient and bias from human tracing were R2 = 0.81, and − 4.42%, and between AI and reference standard were R2 = 0.93, and − 4.12%, respectively. MRI and US measured kidney volumes had R2 = 0.84 and a bias of 7.47%.

Conclusion
This is the first study applying deep learning to 3D US in ADPKD. Our method shows promising performance for auto-segmentation of kidneys using 3D US to measure TKV, close to human tracing and MRI measurement. This imaging and analysis method may be useful in a number of settings, including pediatric imaging, clinical studies, and longitudinal tracking of patient disease progression.

Graphical abstract
The role of the angular gyrus in semantic cognition: a synthesis of five functional neuroimaging studies
Authors: Kuhnke Philipp , Chapman Curtiss A. , Cheung Vincent K. M. , Turker Sabrina , Graessner Astrid , Martin Sandra , Williams Kathleen A. , Hartwigsen Gesa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSemantic knowledge is central to human cognition. The angular gyrus (AG) is widely considered a key brain region for semantic cognition. However, the role of the AG in semantic processing is controversial. Key controversies concern response polarity (activation vs. deactivation) and its relation to task difficulty, lateralization (left vs. right AG), and functional–anatomical subdivision (PGa vs. PGp subregions). Here, we combined the fMRI data of five studies on semantic processing (n = 172) and analyzed the response profiles from the same anatomical regions-of-interest for left and right PGa and PGp. We found that the AG was consistently deactivated during non-semantic conditions, whereas response polarity during semantic conditions was inconsistent. However, the AG consistently showed relative response differences between semantic and non-semantic conditions, and between different semantic conditions. A combined analysis across all studies revealed that AG responses could be best explained by separable effects of task difficulty and semantic processing demand. Task difficulty effects were stronger in PGa than PGp, regardless of hemisphere. Semantic effects were stronger in left than right AG, regardless of subregion. These results suggest that the AG is engaged in both domain-general task-difficulty-related processes and domain-specific semantic processes. In semantic processing, we propose that left AG acts as a “multimodal convergence zone” that binds different semantic features associated with the same concept, enabling efficient access to task-relevant features.
Hairy cell leukemia: a specific 17-gene expression signature points to new targets for therapy
Authors: Maitre Elsa , Cornet Edouard , Debliquis Agathe , Drenou Bernard , Gravey François , Chollet Didier , Cheze Stephane , Docquier Mylène , Troussard Xavier , Matthes Thomas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundHairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare chronic B cell malignancy, characterized by infiltration of bone marrow, blood and spleen by typical “hairy cells” that bear the BRAFV600E mutation. However, in addition to the intrinsic activation of the MAP kinase pathway as a consequence of the BRAFV600E mutation, the potential participation of other signaling pathways to the pathophysiology of the disease remains unclear as the precise origin of the malignant hairy B cells.Materials and methodsUsing mRNA gene expression profiling based on the Nanostring technology and the analysis of 290 genes with crucial roles in B cell lymphomas, we defined a 17 gene expression signature specific for HCL.ResultsSeparate analysis of samples from classical and variant forms of hairy cell leukemia showed almost similar mRNA expression profiles apart from overexpression in vHCL of the immune checkpointsCD274andPDCD1LG2and underexpression ofFAS. Our results point to a post-germinal memory B cell origin and in some samples to the activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway.ConclusionsThis study provides a better understanding of the pathogenesis of HCL and describes new and potential targets for treatment approaches and guidance for studies in the molecular mechanisms of HCL.
A qualitative study to understand the experience of somatostatin analog treatments from the perspective of patients with neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Seo Caroline , Horodniceanu Erica , Shah Rachel , Goldstein Grace , Ray David , Bennett Bonita , Phan Alexandria , McCarrier Kelly 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) negatively impact patients’ quality of life. Octreotide long-acting release (LAR) and lanreotide depot are somatostatin analogs (SSAs) approved to treat NETs. The study objective was to explore SSA treatment experiences and preferences of patients with NETs.

Methods
Qualitative interviews were conducted in US adults (≥ 21 years) with NETs who had ≥ 6 months’ treatment with each SSA and transitioned from octreotide LAR to lanreotide depot within the previous year. Participants were asked open-ended questions about their experiences with octreotide LAR and lanreotide depot, treatment preferences, and SSA treatment attributes.

Results
Twenty participants (mean age: 58 years; 90% female; 85% white) completed interviews. The most common reasons for treatment transition were doctor recommendation (70%), treatment not working as expected (55%), and injection type preference (45%). Participants reported 34 unique favorable attributes of SSA treatment and 82 unique unfavorable attributes. Symptom control was the most frequently reported favorable attribute (associated with octreotide LAR by 60% of participants and lanreotide depot by 65%). Painful injection (65%) was most frequently cited unfavorable attribute for octreotide LAR and injection experience dependent on administrator (35%) for lanreotide depot. The three SSA treatment attributes rated as most important were side effects, symptom control, and ability to stabilize tumor.

Conclusion
Our qualitative data provide valuable insight into the treatment attributes that patients with NETs consider important when making SSA treatment decisions. Factors related to injection administration, side effects, and symptom control are important to patients and should be included in patient-provider communications in clinical contexts.
Developing a mealybug pheromone monitoring tool to enhance IPM practices in New Zealand vineyards
Authors: Sullivan Nicola J. , Bell Vaughn A. , Butler Ruth C. , Wallis Roger , Ramesh Remya , Reddy D. Srinivasa , Twidle Andrew M. , Bunn Barry , Unelius C. Rikard , Manning Lee-Anne M. , Suckling David M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMealybugs are phloem-feeding insects found on many crops worldwide. In New Zealand vineyards, they transmit the economically important Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3). For some mealybug species, synthetic sex pheromones have been commercialised, and are used as monitoring tools. The mealybugs Pseudococcus longispinus and Pseudococcus calceolariae are major pests in many New Zealand vineyards. We present work on the development of a combined P. longispinus and P. calceolariae pheromone lure. The optimal dose for monitoring P. longispinus was found to be 10 µg of the (S)-(+)-enantiomer, either alone or in the racemic mixture. Addition of the corresponding alcohol did not improve trap catch of P. longispinus. Both the P. longispinus and the P. calceolariae pheromone lures remained active in the field for 90 days. Combining the 2 species’ pheromones had no negative effects on male mealybug trap catch for either species. We conclude that the pheromone ester alone is the best lure for the male P. longispinus. Combining the two mealybug species’ pheromones into a single lure provides the New Zealand viticultural industry with an efficient monitoring tool. Late-vintage deployment of baited lures will provide information on mealybug abundance and local distribution that will inform the scope of future insecticide programmes, to target areas based on need rather than an area-wide application by default.
Experimental long-term sub-normothermic machine perfusion for non-allocable human liver grafts: first data towards feasibility
Authors: Leber Bettina , Schlechter Stephanie , Weber Jennifer , Rohrhofer Lisa , Niedrist Tobias , Aigelsreiter Ariane , Stiegler Philipp , Schemmer Peter 
Published: April 2022

Summary
Background
Patients with end-stage liver disease can only be cured by liver transplantation. Due to the gap between demand and supply, surgeons are forced to use expanded criteria donor (ECD) organs, which are more susceptible to ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI). Therefore, enhanced storing techniques are required. Machine perfusion (MP) has moved into the spotlight of research because of its feasibility for investigating liver function prior to implantation. However, as the perfect MP protocol has not yet been found, we aimed to investigate the potential of sub-normothermic (SN)MP in this field.

Methods
Non-allocable human livers were subjected to 24 h of SNMP at 21 °C after delivery to the study team. Perfusion was performed with Custodiol® (Dr. Franz Köhler Chemie, Bensheim, Germany) or Belzer MPS® (Bridge to Life Europe, London, UK) and perfusate liver parameters were determined. For determination of biliary conditions, pH, glucose, and HCO3- levels were measured.

Results
Liver parameters were slightly increased irrespective of perfusate or reason for liver rejection during 24 h of perfusion. Six livers failed to produce bile completely, whereas the remaining 10 livers produced between 2.4 ml and 179 ml of bile. Biliary carbonate was increased in all but one liver. The bile-glucose-to-perfusate-glucose ratio was near 1 for most of the organs and bile pH was above 7 in all but one case.

Conclusion
This study provides promising data on the feasibility of long-term SNMP as a tool to gain time during MP to optimize ECD organs to decrease the gap between organ demand and supply.
Long-term (24 h) sub-normothermic liver machine perfusion seems to be possible, although some adjustments to the protocol might be necessary to improve the general outcome. This has so far been shown for normothermic machine perfusion, bearing some drawbacks compared to the sub-normothermic variant.