bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Rodade’ Bacterial Wilt Resistant Tomato
Authors: Bosch S. E. , Louw A. J. , Aucamp Edna 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In South Africa, bacterial wilt [Pseudomonas solanacearum (Smith) Smith] poses a serious threat to tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) production in the warm areas such as the Lowveld of Transvaal and Natal (1). ‘Rodade’ is a new fresh market tomato with resistance to Race 1 of bacterial wilt. It was released by the Horticultural Research Institute near Pretoria in May of 1982.
Effect of Sudan Grass on Yield and Elemental Content of Cabbage
Authors: Knavel Dean E. , Herron J. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Killing Sudan grass (Sorghum vulgare var. sudanense) at a 30-cm height with glyphosate and leaving the residue on the soil surface reduced the number of marketable heads, head weight, and total yield of fall transplanted ‘Market Prize’ cabbage (Brassica oleracea L., Capitata Group). The total plant weight and weight of heads where the cover crop was killed at a 15-cm height were equal to those of conventional culture. Killing the grass at different heights also affected the concentration and distribution of N, K, and Ca in leaf petioles, leaf laminae, and the core of the matured plant. There were positive correlations of head weight with N in the petioles of wrapper leaves, laminae of inner leaves, and core and with Ca in the laminae of the oldest leaves, wrapper leaves, inner head leaves, and core. Sidedressing with N increased head weight, marketable yield, and N concentration in all plant parts analyzed. The response to Ca(N03)2 was similar to that of NH4NO3. Chemical names used: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine (glyphosate).
Effects of Supplementary Lighting on Rooting of Rhododendrons
Authors: French C. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Supplementary night lighting (2000 HR to 0400 HR) from low-irradiance incandescent lamps (INC) stimulated rooting in Rhododendron ‘Unique’ and increased root-ball diameter of ‘Unique’ and ‘Anna Rose Whitney’ in both spring (Feb.–June) and fall (Sept.–Jan.) propagation. Increasing irradiance during the day with supplementary high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS) during fall propagation inhibited initial root development of ‘Unique’ but stimulated subsequent root growth of both ‘Unique’ and ‘Anna Rose Whitney’. In spring, HPS stimulated root growth in ‘Unique’ but had little effect on ‘Anna Rose Whitney’. Increased irradiance from HPS does not appear necessary for rooting rhododendrons under greenhouse conditions and may be detrimental in the early stages of propagation, especially when natural radiation levels are high.
The Split Block: A Useful Design for Extension and Research in Lowbush Blueberries
Authors: Hepler P. R. , Ismail A. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A 2-factor split-block experiment was initiated to test the effect of terbacil and nitrogen on yield of 6 commercial lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) fields in Maine. Locations served as blocks in the design. Large differences in yield were obtained among locations. An increase in yield was obtained by increasing the rate of terbacil. No significant trends due to N or the terbacil by N interactions were detected. The split-block was highly effective for grower education concurrent to obtaining replicated inform ation for generalized state-w ide recom m endations. Chemical name used: 5-chloro-3-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-6-methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (terbacil).
Effect of Soil Profile Modification and Irrigation on Senescence and Bud Hardiness of Young Grapes
Authors: Andersen P. C. , Odnea M. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Some aspects of senescence and bud hardiness of young ‘Vidal blanc’ and ‘Chancellor’ French-American grapevines in the following treatments were evaluated: soil profile modification plus irrigation (MI), no soil profile modification plus irrigation (Cl), soil profile modification without irrigation (MN), and no soil profile modification without irrigation (CN). After a prolonged summer drought, abundant fall precipitation increased 25 Oct. chlorophyll and leaf N levels for nonirrigated vines. In contrast, leaf P and K were higher for irrigated treatments. Bud hardiness of ‘Chancellor’ was greater than ‘Vidal blanc’ for all except the Cl treatment. Maximum primary bud hardiness was achieved in the Cl and MN treatment for ‘Vidal blanc’ and ‘Chancellor’, respectively. Cambium damage and/or plant death occurred for only ‘Vidal blanc’ in the CN treatment.
Effectiveness of Multiple Applications of Nitrapyrin in Increasing Nitrogen Utilization in an Organic Medium
Authors: Mills Harry A. , Pokorny F. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Multiple applications of nitrapyrin (5 ppm/pot/week) increased NO3-N retention significantly over the control, and medium NO3-N was consistantly higher with multiple applications than with a single preplant application of nitrapyrin (50 ppm) when NO3-N was the fertilizer source. Multiple applications of nitrapyrin were less effective in increasing plant growth than a single application with an NH4-N fertilizer source.
Earthworm Casting in Plant Propagation
Authors: Grappelli A. , Tomati U. , Galli E. , Vergari B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Rooting experiments on layers of Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem., Dieffenbachia amoena Bull., Cordyline terminalis (L.) Kunth, Dracaena deremensis Engl., and on shoots of Ficus elastica, Begonia masoniana Irmsch, Aglaonema costatum N.E. Br., Saintpaulia ionatha H. Wendl. were performed to ascertain the possibility of employing earthworm casting in plant propagation. Rooting of layers was favored when casting alone was supplied whereas, rooting of shoots generally was enhanced when casting mixtures were used.
Response of ‘Multipik’ Squash to Mosaic Virus Infection
Authors: Adlerz W. C. , Elmstrom G. W. , Purcifull D. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In a replicated field test in 1982 where natural virus incidence was 25% watermelon mosaic virus 1 (WMV-1) and 75% WMV-2, we observed mosaic symptoms at harvest in leaves and fruit of the yellow-fruited Cucurbita pepo L. ‘Butterbar’, ‘Early Prolific Straightneck’, and ‘Multipik’. The range in percentage of diseased plants among the cultivars was small (26–33%), but total diseased fruit exceeded 40% in ‘Butterbar’ and ‘Early Prolific Straightneck’ and was less than 10% in ‘Multipik’. In a replicated field test in 1983, ‘Early Prolific Straightneck’ and ‘Multipik’ squash plants mechanically inoculated at early flowering with WMV-1, WMV-2, and zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) became 97–100% foliar diseased. Production of diseased fruit was significantly greater in virus inoculated ‘Early Prolific Straightneck’ plants (all 3 viruses) than in uninoculated plants, and significantly greater in ‘Multipik’ plants inoculated with ZYMV or WMV-1 than in those inoculated with WMV-2 or not inoculated. In both tests, there were significant delays in the development of fruit symptoms in virus infected ‘Multipik’ when virus infection was mainly WMV-2. The evidence suggests fruit symptoms were caused by viruses other than WMV-2, and that WMV-2 does not induce symptoms in fruit of ‘Multipik’.
Importance of Heat Requirement for Bud Break and Time of Flowering in Apple
Authors: Gianfagna T. J. , Mehlenbacher S. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Six genotypes of apple with a range in bloom date of 18 days were used to determine the contribution of the postdormant heat requirement to time of flowering. Spurs containing flower buds were collected after the chilling requirement had been satisfied but before detectable bud growth had begun, and forced at 10°, 15°, or 20°C. Bud development occurred on all samples at 20°, although at different rates which were correlated directly with field bloom date. At 10°, the genotypes fell into 2 groups. The first, consisting of the 3 earliest flowering selections, developed more slowly at 10° than at 20°. The 2nd, consisting of the 3 latest flowering selections, did not grow at all at 10°. The data suggest that late flowering in apple results from high heat and high minimum temperature requirements for bud growth, not from high chilling requirement.
Effect of Cytokinin, IBA, and Rooting Regime on Chinese Chestnut Cultured in Vitro
Authors: Qi-guang Yang , Read Paul E. , Fellman Cynthia D. , Hosier Mary A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Multiple shoots of Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume), produced in vitro from axillary buds of juvenile shoots, were successfully rooted and transplanted to the greenhouse. Benzyladenine (BA) at 0.44 μM promoted the proliferation of axillary shoots, but 4.44 μM and 44.4 μM of BA inhibited buds from sprouting and promoted callus growth. Zeatin at 4.56 μM, induced longer and more vigorous shoots than BA, but did not promote the multiplication of axillary shoots. Rooting was achieved by a 1 sec basal dip of excised microshoots in 9.8 mM or 14.8 mM indolebutyric acid (IBA) solution. The treated shoots were transferred to a plant growth regulator-free medium in flasks or to plastic flats containing sand under high humidity. Roots developed within 30 days in both rooting regimes.
Wide Hybridization in Vaccinium
Authors: Lyrene Paul M. , Ballington James R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Large scale commercial cultivation of blueberries and the breeding of improved cultivars both began after 1900 (33). Interspecific hybridization has been important in the development of commercial cultivars, and many combinations of species have been crossed in the course of taxonomic studies and in cultivar breeding. Nonetheless, the experimental study of blueberry interspecific hybridization is still in its infancy.
Economic Benefit of GA3 Application on Young Tart Cherry Trees
Authors: Stang E. J. , Weidman R. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Application of 50 ppm gibberellin (GA3) at full bloom + 2 weeks in 197981 on ‘Montmorency’ cherry trees planted in 1978 reduced flowering the year after application. Treated trees grew larger, presumably due to reduced early fruiting. Projected cumulative grower return during the period 5 years after planting was increased because of GA3 application the first 3 years.
Allelopathic Effects of Soil Incorporated Asparagus Roots on Lettuce, Tomato, and Asparagus Seedling Emergence
Authors: Shafer Warren E. , Garrison Stephen A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) root tissue added to soil at 2, 4, or 6g (dry weight basis) per 100 g of dry soil generally inhibited lettuce and delayed tomato and asparagus seedling emergence when incorporated in soil for 0 or 28 days before seeding. The toxicity of the 2 and 4 g rates of asparagus root tissue was diminished after 50 days, but the 6 g rate inhibited and/or delayed emergence 50 and 90 days after incorporation in soil. These results suggest that asparagus root tissues contain a hetero- and auto-toxic allelopathic compound(s) that is inactivated with increasing time in the soil.
Length, Nodes Underground, and Orientation of Transplants in Relation to Yields of Sweet Potato
Authors: Hall Melvin R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Total marketable root yield was greater with 40- to 45-cm rather than 20- to 25-cm lengths of ‘Red Jewel’ sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] transplants. U.S. #1 root yield from 20- to 25-cm ‘Red Jewel’ transplants was increased when they were oriented vertically, but there was no difference in the percentage of U.S. #1 root yield under these conditions. Orientation did not influence significantly U.S. #1 root yield from 40- to 45-cm ‘Red Jewel’ transplants, but the percentage of U.S. #1 roots increased due to horizontal orientation. When ‘Red Jewel’ transplants were oriented vertically, their length did not affect U.S. #1 root yields. With horizontal orientation, U.S. #1 root yield of 40- to 45-cm ‘Red Jewel’ transplants increased. Yield of U.S. #1 roots of ‘Georgia Jet’ was not affected by transplant length or orientation but was reduced when 5 or 6 nodes were planted underground.
A Nondestructive Method for Measuring Root System Surface Area
Authors: Wulster George J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the article “A Nondestructive Method for Measuring Root System Surface Area” by George J. Wulster (HortScience 20:1058–1060, Dec. 1985), the author requests that the following correction be noted: The 3rd line under Gel Construction on p. 1058 should be changed from “… HHR (0.65gm/l) was added slowly to 2 liters … ” to “… HHR (0.65 gm/100 ml) was added slowly to 2 liters …”.
Interaction between an Indigenous Endomycorrhizal Fungus and Mineral Nutrition of Rosa multiflora Understock
Authors: Paterson D. R. , Taber Ruth A. , Pemberton H. B. , Earhart D. R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Disbudded ‘Brooks 56’ Rosa multiflora Thunb. plants were grown in 0.01 or 0.1 Steiner solutions and inoculated with indigenous vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (VAMF) species, Glomus fasciculatum (Thax. sensu Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe. Inoculation resulted in a significant increase in both fresh and dry weight of the R. multiflora plants. Increasing the Steiner solution from 0.01 to 0.1 resulted not only in a significant decrease in the rate of VAMF infection, but also in a significant increase in the fresh and dry weight of the multiflora understock.
Downy and Powdery Mildew Resistant Muskmelon Breeding Line MR-1
Authors: Thomas Claude E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
MR-1 is a monoecious muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) breeding line that was developed the by USD A to provide breeders and seedsmen with a source of high levels of resistance to both downy mildew, incited by Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk, and Curt.) Rostow., and powdery mildew, incited by Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht. ex Fr.) Poll. It is resistant to 2 undesignated races of downy mildew and to races 1,2, and 3 of powdery mildew.
U.C. PMR 45 Fusarium Wilt-resistant Muskmelon Breeding Line
Authors: Zink F. W. , Gubler W. D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
U.C. PMR 45 fusarium wilt-resistant (Foml) is an andromonoecious, salmon-orange flesh, western shipping-type muskmelon, Cucumis melo L. It has value as a germplasm source for selection as well as for the development of commercial hybrids.
The Horticulturist's Role in International Agricultural Development Strategies: Introduction
Authors: Quebedeaux Bruno 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Horticulturists and ASHS Members from both developed and developing countries have had and will continue to have a significant influence on international agricultural development. Horticultural crop production is an extremely important aspect of the total agricultural and rural development in most countries. Horticultural crops, in spite of their importance, have been neglected in many developing countries in favor of agronomic grain crops, livestock, and industrialization. The neglect of fruit, vegetable, and ornamental development is serious in Africa and exists in many Asian and Latin American countries. Several African countries are experiencing a series of droughts that have caused mass starvation and human misery. Horticulturists are concerned with the quality of life and are involved with other scientists and colleagues in implementing freedom-from-hunger strategies in developing countries.
Quality and Yield of Cucumber Hybrids using Gynoecious and Bisexual Parents
Authors: Staub J. E. , Balgooyen B. , Tolla G. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cucumber (cucumis sativus L.) hybrids from crosses with 3 female (gynoecious) parents and 2 genetically similar male parents were evaluated at 3 locations to determine if bisexual (phenotypically andromonoecious) parents can be used in hybrid cultivars with no loss in yield or quality. Bisexual parents developed through 8 backcrosses to recurrent gynoecious lines produced hybrids that could not be distinguished from those obtained by using silver nitrate-induced, near-isogenic gynoecious pollen parents. Yield, fruit shape, defects, brining quality, and sex expression of hybrids from the 2 near-isogenic pollen parents were not significantly different. Deficiencies generally attributed to bisexual parents were corrected with adequate backcrossing to establishing bisexual lines.
Determining Thermal Time and Base Temperature Required for Fruit Development in Low-chilling Peaches
Authors: Munoz C. , Sepulveda G. , Garcia-Huidobro J. , Sherman W. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Base temperature (temperature at which growth begins) and thermal time required for fruit development (degree-days needed from full bloom to commercial harvest) were calculated for 5 low-chilling peach and nectarine [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] cultivars grown in different climatic conditions. Base temperatures ranged from 2.5° to 4.4°C, and thermal time from 1028 to 1432 degree-days when the calculated base temperatures were used. Use of the calculated base temperatures rather than 10° base temperature reduced variability in predicting thermal time for fruit development.
Semi-automated Pit Cracking Machine for Rapid Seed Removal
Authors: Martin George C. , Kuniyuki Andrew H. , Mehlschau James J. , Whisler J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Germination of stone fruit seeds is accelerated at an elevated percentage if the stony endocarp (pit) is removed prior to planting. Stone fruit breeders and those who screen seed populations usually remove pits with bench vice jaws that manually compress pits either end-to-end or edge-to-edge to affect seed release. The vice was effective but production was low and seasonal production was limited. Consequently, efforts were initiated to find means to alleviate the problem of low seed release productivity while maintaining the effectiveness of the vise.
Spurway/Acid Extraction Procedures
Authors: Markus D. K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the article “ Spurway/Acid Extraction Procedures” by D.K. Markus (HortScience 21:217-222, Apr. 1986), the last sentence in the 2nd paragraph under the caption “ Spurway/acid extractants vs. nonacid extractants in assessing macronutrient status” should read: “ The explanation for lack of correlation is that variations occuring in plant nutrient uptake in the study were related to growth-affecting factors other than levels of macronutrients in the growth medium.”
PECULIARITIES OF THE ORGANISM'S REACTION TO DOSED HYPOXIA IN ELDERLY PEOPLE WITH IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE
Authors: Havalko Anna , Asanov Ervin , Shatilo Valerii , Antonyuk-Shcheglova Ivanna , Naskalova Svitlana 
Published: September 2022

Background. The incidence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders increases with age, resulting in a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Hypoxia plays an important role in the pathogenesis of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. The aim – to establish the features of carbohydrate metabolism in hypoxia in the elderly with impaired carbohydrate tolerance.
Materials and methods. 20 elderly people with impaired glucose tolerance and 23 elderly people with preserved glucose tolerance were examined. Determined the concentration of glucose and insulin in the blood when breathing air with an oxygen content of 12%.
Results. With hypoxia in people with impaired glucose tolerance, the decrease in saturation is more significant than in people with preserved glucose tolerance. Shifts in glucose concentration in hypoxia in people with impaired glucose tolerance are greater, but the ratio of Δ glucose concentration/ΔSpO2 is higher than in people with preserved glucose tolerance. Shifts in the concentration of insulin in the blood during hypoxia did not differ in people with different glucose tolerance, but the ratio of Δinsulin concentration /ΔSpO2 in people with impaired glucose tolerance is less. In people with impaired glucose tolerance, a relationship was found between glucose levels after 120 minutes of glucose tolerance test and SpO2 shifts in hypoxia, as well as a relationship between HOMA index and SpO2 shifts in hypoxia.
Conclusions. Elderly people with impaired glucose tolerance have reduced resistance to hypoxia and increased utilization of glucose in hypoxia, due to smaller changes in insulin concentrations. At the same time at them disturbance of a carbohydrate metabolism depends on resistance to a hypoxia.
Health profile of the elderly person accompanied by the family health strategy in a countryside of Ceará - Brazil
Authors: Almeida José Rogécio de Sousa , Solano Lorrainy , Freire Marco Aurelio M , Oliveira Lucidio C 
Published: September 2022

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between functional dependence and emotional state, cognitive function, and ambulation of the elderly people accompanied by a family health team. Methods: A cross-sectional, quantitative, and prospective study was conducted in the city of Quixeré/CE between August 2020 and April 2021. Participated in 229 elderly people registered in the Family Health Strategy teams evaluated using the Lawton scale, MMSE, GDS-15, and Tinneti test. The association of variables was verified using the chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. Odds Ratio (95%CI) were calculated, followed by logistic regression using the Hosmer and Lemeshow test. Results: The sample was primarily composed of women with low education, average age of 70 years, and a high demand for primary health services. Women were more vulnerable to depression, with no difference in falls related to sex. Age was a risk factor for all aspects evaluated. There was a correlation between functional dependence and all aspects analyzed. There was a relationship between the level of functional dependence and education (OR: 2.0; 95%CI: 0.05 - 78.32), living in the rural area (OR: 2.83; 95%CI: 1.6 - 5.1), depression (OR: 5.18; 95%CI: 1.2 – 22.8) and risk of falls (OR: 1.67 CI: 0.8 – 3.5), with the last two factors remaining significant in the logistic regression. Conclusion: Functional dependence to more complex daily activities among the elderly was significant, with an essential relationship with emotional and cognitive aspects and risk of falls.
How Does Profitability, Size, and Capital Affect Credit Risk?: Evidence from Islamic Banks in Asian Countries
Authors: Zuhroh Idah 
Published: September 2022

The study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, size, and capital on the credit risk of Islamic banks in Asian countries through the mediating variable of financing by path regression analysis. Data were obtained quarterly from 2015Q1 – 2020Q3. Method of the study usedcausal research design, namely research that has the main objective of proving a a relationship affecting and being influenced by the variables studied. The findings conclude that size and profitability significantly affect credit risk through the financing mediation variable. Capital does not significantly reduce credit risk because it only functions to mediate financing. Meanwhile, increased financing will also increase the credit risk of Islamic banks in the Asian Region. The study can explain why there is an inconsistency of the effect profitability, size, capital, on credit risk because there is a financing mediation role. The implication of policy that the Islamic bankers in Asian countries must more prudent to manage financing so that credit risk is controlled.