bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of unifaceted and multifaceted interventions on antibiotic prescription control for respiratory diseases: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Chang Yue , Cui Zhezhe , He Xun , Zhou Xunrong , Zhou Hanni , Fan Xingying , Wang Wenju , Yang Guanghong 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The global health system is improperly using antibiotics, particularly in the treatment of respiratory diseases. We aimed to examine the effectiveness of implementing a unifaceted and multifaceted intervention for unreasonable antibiotic prescriptions.

Methods:
Relevant literature published in the databases of Pubmed, Embase, Science Direct, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang was searched. Data were independently filtered and extracted by 2 reviewers based on a pre-designed inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Cochrane collaborative bias risk tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included randomized controlled trials studies.

Results:
A total of 1390 studies were obtained of which 23 studies the outcome variables were antibiotic prescription rates with the number of prescriptions and intervention details were included in the systematic review. Twenty-two of the studies involved educational interventions for doctors, including: online training using email, web pages and webinar, antibiotic guidelines for information dissemination measures by email, postal or telephone reminder, training doctors in communication skills, short-term interactive educational seminars, and short-term field training sessions. Seventeen studies of interventions for health care workers also included: regular or irregular assessment/audit of antibiotic prescriptions, prescription recommendations from experts and peers delivered at a meeting or online, publicly reporting on doctors’ antibiotic usage to patients, hospital administrators, and health authorities, monitoring/feedback prescribing behavior to general practices by email or poster, and studies involving patients and their families (n = 8). Twenty-one randomized controlled trials were rated as having a low risk of bias while 2 randomized controlled trials were rated as having a high risk of bias. Six studies contained negative results.

Conclusion:
The combination of education, prescription audit, prescription recommendations from experts, public reporting, prescription feedback and patient or family member multifaceted interventions can effectively reduce antibiotic prescription rates in health care institutions. Moreover, adding multifaceted interventions to educational interventions can control antibiotic prescription rates and may be a more reasonable method.

Registrations:
This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO, registration number: CRD42020192560.
Safflor yellow treating angina pectoris: A pharmacoeconomic evaluation and network meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Liang , Li Yang , Jin Qiuchen , Chen Yongfa 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a cardiovascular disease caused by myocardial ischemia. In China, safflor yellow and artemisinin-based combination therapies have been extensively used to treat angina pectoris.

Methods:
Efficacies were provided by a network meta-analysis following the PRISMA 2020 checklist. Cost-effectiveness analysis was based on patient perspectives. Two-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the study results.

Results:
Conventional treatment combined with safflower is a better choice against angina pectoris. Sensitivity analysis showed that the model was sensitive to the treatment efficacy rather than the drug cost.

Conclusion:
Conventional treatment combined with safflower injection is suggested to treat angina pectoris. Low molecular weight heparin or compound Danshen-dropping pills can be used to increase the recovery rate of angina pectoris, according to conventional treatment combined with safflower injection.
Evaluations of aqueous humor protein markers in different types of glaucoma
Authors: Chen Haiyan , Zheng Gang , Chen Huijie , Li Lu , Xu Zhuojun , Xu Li 
Published: October 2022

To compare the concentrations of protein markers in aqueous humor (AH) of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG), acute primary angle closure (APAC), and cataract without glaucoma as the control group.
AH samples were collected at the beginning of surgery from 82 eyes of 82 patients who were divided into POAG (n = 23), CACG (n = 21), APAC (n = 19), and cataract groups (n = 19). The expression levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in AH were detected using a microsphere-based immunoassay.
The AH levels of TNF-α, MMP-2, MCP-1, IFN-γ, and TIMP-1 in the APAC and CACG groups were significantly higher than those in control eyes. Additionally, the AH levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and VEGF in the APAC group were significantly higher than those in the control group (CG). The interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in patients with POAG were significantly higher than those in control eyes, whereas the LT-α levels were significantly lower than those in control eyes. IL-6 levels were significantly correlated with the coefficient of variation (CV), whereas IL-6 levels were significantly negatively correlated with the frequency of hexagonal cells (HEX) and corneal endothelial cell density (CD).
The levels of TNF-α, MMP-2, MCP-1, IFN-γ, TIMP-1, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, and LT-α were different among the three types of glaucoma. These different types of glaucoma may be caused by various pathogeneses, which opens avenues for further investigation into the pathogenesis of glaucoma and discoveries new targets and pathways for the treatment of glaucoma.
Construction of a transcription factor-miRNA-mRNA interactive network elucidates underlying pathogenesis for osteosarcoma and validation by qRT-PCR
Authors: Tang Fuxing , Jiang Xiaohong , Liao Shijie , Liu Yun , He Maolin 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
Osteosarcoma is characterized by features of rapid growth and early metastasis with a poor prognosis. The aim of our research is to investigate the potential transcription factor (TF)-miRNA-mRNA regulatory mechanism in osteosarcoma utilizing bioinformatics methods and validate by qRT-PCR.

Methods:
The microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling datasets (GSE28423 and GSE65071) and mRNA expression profiling dataset GSE33382 were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the limma package. Then, the TransmiR v2.0, miRDB, and Targetscan 7.2 database were applied for the acquisition of TF-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA interaction relationships, respectively. Finally, we built a TF-miRNA-mRNA interactive network. Furthermore, survival analysis was performed to identify sub-network with prognostic value and validate through qRT-PCR.

Results:
Eight overlapping DEMs and 682 DEGs were identified. Based on bioinformatics methods, 30 TF-miRNA interaction pairs and 25 miRNA-mRNA interaction pairs were screened. Finally, we constructed a TF-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. Furthermore, laminin subunit gamma 1 (LAMC1) and thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), which involved in the network, were determined to have prognostic value and the corresponding subnetwork was identified. qRT-PCR results showed that LAMC1 mRNA expression was higher in osteosarcoma cells.

Conclusion:
Based on the survival analysis, a TF-miRNA–mRNA sub-network, that is TFs (SPI1, HEY1, and CEBPB)-hsa-miR-338-3p-target genes (LAMC1 and THBS1) was established. In conclusion, the construction of a potential TF-related regulatory network will help elucidate the underlying pathological mechanisms of osteosarcoma, and may provide novel insights for the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma.
Vision loss due to uncommon “red eye”: A case report
Authors: Xu-yuan Tang , Rui-nan Qi , Ze-yong Wu , Juan Li , Tao Xie , Yi-qun Yuan 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Phacolytic glaucoma is a rare complication induced by hypermature cataracts and may occasionally be encountered in some rural areas. It tends to be misdiagnosed and induces a risk of permanent vision impairment.

Patient concerns:
A 63-year-old Uighur woman complained of redness and decreased vision in her right eye and was treated for endophthalmitis at a primary hospital before being referred to our hospital.

Diagnosis:
On admission, the patient had weak light perception in the right eye, an intraocular pressure of 65 mmHg, and slit-lamp examination revealed swelling of the eyelids and significant injection of conjunctiva. The entire cornea was cloudy and edematous, whereas the aqueous humor was milky turbid. Cytological examination of the aqueous liquid confirmed the presence of lens protein-laden macrophages. A Morgagnian cataract was observed after anterior chamber irrigation. So the final diagnosis was phacolytic glaucoma.

Interventions:
The patient received anterior chamber irrigation and extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation successively.

Outcomes:
Final visual acuity was limited to 6/120 due to secondary optic nerve damage.

Lessons:
Phacolytic glaucoma can mimic endophthalmitis and tend to be misdiagnosed, causing permanent vision impairment. Improving awareness of phacolytic glaucoma and enhancing public health education regarding cataracts are ways to prevent phacolytic glaucoma and phacolytic glaucoma-related vision loss.
Aerobic exercises and cognitive function in post-stroke patients: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Li Xiaogang , Geng Di , Wang Siyue , Sun Guotao 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
To study the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive function of post-stroke patients, especially to identify specific interventions that the most likely to maximize cognitive benefits of stroke patients.

Methods:
According to the PRISMA principle, the databases of Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane library were searched to collect randomized controlled trial data of aerobic exercise on cognitive function intervention of post-stroke patients. The Cochrane bias risk evaluation instrument was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. Review Manager 5.4.1 software was used to analyze heterogeneity and potential publication bias.

Results:
A total of 11 criteria studies that satisfied the association between aerobic exercise and cognitive function following stroke were selected to be included in the review. Global cognition ability was significantly improved after aerobic exercise intervention (0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16–0.86; P = .004), moderate intensity had the largest effect size on improving global cognition ability (0.98; 95% CI 0.48–1.47; P = .0001), none of cognitive flexibility, working memory, selective attention and conflict resolution showed the significant difference from zero.

Conclusion:
Aerobic exercise has a good impact on enhancing the cognitive dysfunction of patients after stroke, which stroke patients were found to benefit the most from moderate-intensity exercise. However, our studies did not found that aerobic exercise had an active result on cognitive flexibility, working memory, selective attention and contention resolution.
Clinical study on the treatment of male infertility with Wuwei Fuzheng Yijing decoction based on microplastics: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ma Miaomiao , Ju Baojun , Li Xiao , Yao Junchao , Li Luyu , Zhang Yongtao , Tang Shuotong , Zhang Chenming 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Environmental pollution and male infertility have become global public health problems. The presence of microplastics (MPs) has been detected in the human body, and it has also been demonstrated that MPs can cause damage to the reproductive system. Wuwei Fuzheng Yijing Decoction (WWFZYJ) is effective in treating male infertility. Therefore, we designed a clinical randomized controlled trial to observe the effect of WWFZYJ on the content of MPs and semen quality in male infertility patients, and to evaluate its security.

Methods:
In this randomized controlled study, 66 eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a treatment group (WWFZYJ Decoction) and a control group (Coenzyme Q10 tablets combined with vitamin E soft capsules) for 8 weeks. The content of MPs in semen, sperm DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI), and semen analysis (including sperm density, sperm count, forward motile sperm, sperm motility, etc) will be used as primary indicators, and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome scores will be used as secondary indicators. Vital signs (such as respiration, heart rate, body temperature, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, etc), blood routine, urine routine, stool routine, liver function, and renal function will be used as safety indicators. The primary and secondary indicators will be performed at 0th and 8th week, and the safety indicators will be performed at 0th, 4th, and 8th week.

Discussion:
This study will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of WWFZYJ in treating male infertility and reducing the content of MPs in semen, and further explore the effects of MPs on male fertility.
Diagnostic evaluation for adrenal tumors – What does the urologist need to know about endocrine metabolic work up?
Authors: Garstka Nathalie , Remzi Mesut 
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review
Adrenal lesions are commonly discovered on abdominal imaging studies, whereas some patients with adrenal tumors present with symptoms of homonal excess. They are categorized as either hormone active or inactive and either as benign or malignant. This review is focused on the endocrine work up in patients with adrenal tumors. Knowledge of the use and limitations of hormonal assessment is essential for propper interpretation of the obtained test results. This article reviews which diagnostics are necessary to identify adrenal masses requiring treatment.

Recent findings
Delayed hormonal assessment is not uncommon and associated with delayed treatment. The endocrine work up is guided by data from prospective and retrospective observational studies. Adrenal tumors include a wide spectrum of diseases and as a principle, most patients require biochemical testing to select the appropriate treatment.

Summary
The most important factor for the outcome in the management of adrenal masses is, beside the exclusion of malignancy, a structured evaluation of the patients endocrine status.
Standardizing Tobacco Cessation Counseling Using the 5 A's Intervention
Authors: Affentranger Ashley , Mulkey David 
Published: October 2022

Background:Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death due to cardiovascular disease.Local problem:Tobacco cessation counseling (TCC) is varied among providers, leading to suboptimal willingness to make a quit attempt.Methods:We used a quality improvement framework to pilot the 5 A's for TCC from April 2021 to August 2021 in our outpatient cardiology clinic.Interventions:Providers implemented TCC using the 5 A's intervention. Patient follow-up phone calls were conducted 30 days after receiving TCC.Results:Of 629 patient encounters, the mean TCC rate increased by 27.5%, and the mean reported cessation rates improved by 3.9%. Variation among providers decreased for TCC rates when they used the 5 A's intervention.Conclusions:The 5 A's intervention standardized TCC efforts. Using the 5 A's led to an increase in patients who reported smoking cessation 30 days after TCC was received.
Differential Detection of Hepatic Metastases on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT and 177Lu-DOTATATE SPECT/CT
Authors: Zahed Hanan , Beauregard Jean-Mathieu , Abikhzer Gad , Rush Christopher , Probst Stephan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT is indicated for selecting patients for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). Although highly sensitive, the detectability of smaller lesions, particularly in the liver, is lower. We present the case of a 58-year-old man with metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor whose MRI revealed progression of hepatic metastases. 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT performed to determine eligibility for PRRT did not demonstrate DOTATATE-avid disease within the liver. 18F-FDG PET/CT was also negative at the liver and the patient proceeded to 177Lu-DOTATATE PRRT, where multi–time point posttherapy planar imaging and SPECT/CT showed intense uptake in the known liver metastases.
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Kidney Transplant Recipients—Stratified Analysis of the Humoral Immune Response
Authors: Lammert Alexander , Schnuelle Peter , Rabenau Holger F. , Ciesek Sandra , Krämer Bernhard K. , Göttmann Uwe , Drüschler Felix , Keller Christine , Rose Daniela , Blume Carsten , Thomas Michael , Kohmer Niko , Lammert Anne 
Published: October 2022

Background.
Kidney transplant recipients are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and a more severe course of COVID-19.

Methods.
We conducted a quantitative serologic testing of antibodies specific for the wild type of SARS-CoV-2 and the Omicron variant of concern before and after a third-dose vaccination, either mRNA-1273 (Moderna) or BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) in a cohort of 103 stable kidney transplant recipients (median [range] age, 58 [22–84] y, 57 men [55.3%]).

Results.
Third-dose vaccination increased the seroconversion rate from 57.3% to 71.8%. However, despite a marked rise of the antibody concentrations after the booster, 55.4% and 11.6% only formed neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 wild type and Omicron, respectively. Treatment with mycophenolic acid/mycophenolate mofetil (in strata of the dose quartiles), advanced age, and‚ above all‚ impaired renal function (eGFR <60 mL/min) adversely influenced the humoral immunity regarding seroconversion and inhibition of the wild type of SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusions.
Apart from immunosuppressive therapy, the humoral vaccination response is largely affected by nonmodifiable factors in kidney transplant recipients. With the currently leading and clinically easier Omicron variant, this puts into perspective the strategy to significantly enhance the protective efficacy of the available vaccines by reducing or temporarily stopping proliferation inhibitors, not least considering the inherent rejection risk with a possible deterioration of graft function.
Is shape in the eye of the beholder? Assessing landmarking error in geometric morphometric analyses on live fish
Authors: Moccetti Paolo , Rodger Jessica R. , Bolland Jonathan D. , Kaiser-Wilks Phoebe , Smith Rowan , Nunn Andy D. , Adams Colin E. , Bright Jen A. , Honkanen Hannele M. , Lothian Angus J. , Newton Matthew , Joyce Domino A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGeometric morphometrics is widely used to quantify morphological variation between biological specimens, but the fundamental influence of operator bias on data reproducibility is rarely considered, particularly in studies using photographs of live animals taken under field conditions. We examined this using four independent operators that applied an identical landmarking scheme to replicate photographs of 291 live Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.) from two rivers. Using repeated measures tests, we found significant inter-operator differences in mean body shape, suggesting that the operators introduced a systematic error despite following the same landmarking scheme. No significant differences were detected when the landmarking process was repeated by the same operator on a random subset of photographs. Importantly, in spite of significant operator bias, small but statistically significant morphological differences between fish from the two rivers were found consistently by all operators. Pairwise tests of angles of vectors of shape change showed that these between-river differences in body shape were analogous across operator datasets, suggesting a general reproducibility of findings obtained by geometric morphometric studies. In contrast, merging landmark data when fish from each river are digitised by different operators had a significant impact on downstream analyses, highlighting an intrinsic risk of bias. Overall, we show that, even when significant inter-operator error is introduced during digitisation, following an identical landmarking scheme can identify morphological differences between populations. This study indicates that operators digitising at least a sub-set of all data groups of interest may be an effective way of mitigating inter-operator error and potentially enabling data sharing.
Water Stress Effect on the Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and Moth Plant (Araujia sericifera)
Authors: Adebanjo Oluwatosin , Aku Setordjie Elikplim , Li Rong Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWater is the medium through which nutrients are transported from the soil into plants’ systems. Without soil water, the growth and yield of plants are negatively affected. This experiment compares the effect of water stress on the biomass production and chlorophyll content of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and a weed species - moth plant (Araujia sericifera).The seedlings of the two plant species each were given three irrigation levels: 100% (T1), 50% (T2) and 0% (T3) field capacity of the growth medium - a mixture of peat moss (SuliFlor SF1®) and perlite (Perlindustria®) at ratio (3:1). The treatments for each plant were replicated five times, and the treatment lasted six weeks. Data were collected on moisture content and salinity of growing media, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root of plants, height, number of leaves, leaf area and chlorophyll content of leaf. The result showed that the water stress conditions have no significant effect on the chlorophyll, plant height and number of leaves of the two plant species. While the moth plant was not significantly affected by the stress conditions, lettuce recorded a significant reduction in leaf area, and in the dry weight of root and aerial part of the totally stressed plants, this shows that lettuce growth is significantly affected by water stress. Hence, moth plant tolerates water stress conditions more than the lettuce plant and this result may also be indicative of the survival of the moth plant if it infests a lettuce field.
Leveraging functional genomic annotations and genome coverage to improve polygenic prediction of complex traits within and between ancestries
Authors: Zheng Zhili , Liu Shouye , Sidorenko Julia , Yengo Loic , Turley Patrick , Ani Alireza , Wang Rujia , Nolte Ilja M. , Snieder Harold ,   Lifelines Cohort Study, Yang Jian , Wray Naomi R , Goddard Michael E , Visscher Peter M , Zeng Jian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe develop a new method, SBayesRC, that integrates GWAS summary statistics with functional genomic annotations to improve polygenic prediction of complex traits. Our method is scalable to whole-genome variant analysis and refines signals from functional annotations by allowing them to affect both causal variant probability and causal effect distribution. We analyse 28 traits in the UK Biobank using ∼7 million common SNPs and 96 annotations. SBayesRC improves prediction accuracy by 14% in European ancestry and by up to 33% in trans-ancestry prediction, compared to the baseline method SBayesR which does not use annotations, and outperforms state-of-the-art methods LDpred-funct, PolyPred-S and PRS-CSx by 12-15%. Investigation of factors affecting prediction accuracy identified a significant interaction between SNP density and annotation information, encouraging future use of whole-genome sequence variants for prediction. Functional partitioning analysis highlights a major contribution of evolutionary constrained regions to prediction accuracy and the largest per-SNP contribution from non-synonymous SNPs.