bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Background Gamma Radiation Level in Selected Dump Site of Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Anyalebechi C. D. , Gbarato O. L. , Ononugbo C. P. 
Published: June 2022

Our environment has been exposed to ionizing radiation from indiscriminate dumping of refuse which is seen as unending and unpreventable challenge on earth. Radiation level and exposure risks in some selected dump site in Rivers state have been calculated using radiation exposure rate meter (Radalert-100). Rate of exposure measured at Ignatius Ajuru University of Education (IAUE) and its environment ranged from 0.005±0.0001 to 0.016±0.003 mRh-1 with mean value of 0.015±0.002 mRh-1 and that measured at Igwuruta ranged from 0.009±0.001 to 0.048±0.003 mRh-1 its mean value is 0.015±0.002 mRh-1. For All, the exposure rate measured ranged from 0.009±0.0001 to 0.015±0.002 mRh-1 its mean value is 0.012±0.004 mRh-1. The exposure rates measured in the three dump site are relatively equal and slightly higher than the recommended permissible limit of 0.013 mRh-1. Estimation of the mean absorbed doses from the exposure rates for Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Igwuruta and Aluu are 127.72±31.26, 125.91±18.35 and 175.64±41.61 nGyh-1 respectively, its mean absorbed doses are 1.16, 1.18 and 1.11 mSvy-1 respectively. The annual effective dose equivalent calculated is 0.20±0.03, 0.19±0.03 and 0.19±0.03 mSvy-1. The excess lifetime cancer risk estimated ranged from 0.68±0.11, 0.68±0.10 and 0.68±0.10 respectively, they are all above the recommended values 0.29x10ˉ3 in all the sampling locations. Following the result from the radiation level of the dump site, no immediate radiation risk is expected, but there could be a long term effects on those living around the dump side.
Formulation and Quality Evaluation of Breakfast Flakes Produced from Blends of Maize (Zea mays) and Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) Flour
Authors: Abogunrin Saheed Olamide , Ujiroghene Obaroakpo Joy 
Published: June 2022

The study aimed at the production and evaluation of breakfast cereals (flakes) formulated from composite blends of corn (Zea mays) flour and quinoa seed flour (Chenopodium quinoa); a pseudo cereal that has recently gained the interest of researchers due to its unique functional properties. Breakfast flakes were developed from formulations of WCF (100% whole corn flour); CQF (90:10 corn/quinoa flour); and QCF (50:50 corn/quinoa flour). The flakes were evaluated for their organoleptic acceptability, nutritional composition and functional properties. The result of the sensory evaluation showed that WCF was most acceptable in colour (4.90 \(\pm\)0.32) and was not significantly different (p>0.05) from CQF (4.10 \(\pm\)0.88). In terms of taste, texture, and aroma no significant differences (p>0.05) were recorded among all flakes blend. Overall, WCF was rated highest in acceptability at a mean score of 4.80 \(\pm\)0.42. However, QCF and CQF competed favorably with WCF in organoleptic quality. The result of the proximate analysis showed that compared with the control (WCF) which had a protein content of 7.36 \(\pm\)0.31%, the inclusion of quinoa enhanced the protein content in QCF and CQF at 9.40 \(\pm\)0.35% and 9.64 \(\pm\)0.03% respectively. Crude fibre, an essential component of functional foods was significantly enhanced with the inclusion of quinoa. In comparism with the control (9.02 \(\pm\)0.13%), the crude fibre content of CQF and QCF were 11.99 \(\pm\)0.12% and 15.99 \(\pm\)0.56% respectively. An increased inclusion of quinoa resulted in a corresponding decrease in carbohydrate (CHO) content as expected. The lowest CHO content was observed in QCF (49.66 \(\pm\)0.57%); while the highest CHO content was observed in WCF (62.50 \(\pm\)0.45%). There was significant difference in all the functional properties observed except for the bulk density. Quinoa fortification of corn flakes resulted in increased water absorption capacity (WAC) and oil absorption capacity (OAC). Hence QCF had the highest WAC and OAC at 35.33 \(\pm\)0.29% and 14.97 \(\pm\)0.15% respectively. In addition, QCF had the lowest emulsification capacity and swelling capacity at 41.43 \(\pm\)0.38% and 338.17 \(\pm\)0.19% respectively. The inclusion of quinoa in flakes could be beneficial as a breakfast cereal useful in human health and nutrition.
Platelet Transfusion and Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Bleeding in Dengue Fever
Authors: Saddique Jamshed , Ghaffar Madeeha , Shabbir Muhammad Raffey , Khalid Azeem , Rehman Asad Ur , Osama Muhammad , Adil Abdullah 
Published: June 2022

Objective: We conducted this study to investigate the effectiveness of platelet transfusion and/or intravenous tranexamic acid in the treatment of clinical bleeding in patients with dengue fever at a tertiary care hospital during a large outbreak (August and November, 2011) of dengue fever in Lahore, Pakistan.
Methods: We reviewed data of patients with clinical bleeding and confirmed dengue fever at Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Based on the treatment, patients were classified into four groups: Baseline characteristics of patients and site and grade of bleeding were documented. A comparison of time to cessation of bleeding across four groups was made.
Results: Out of 100 selected patients with clinical bleeding, 65 were male and median age was 28 years (range 13-80). There were 47 patients in group A, 12 in group B, 9 in group C, and 32 in group D. 75 patients had bleeding from a single site while 24 patients had bleeding from 2 different sites and 1 patient had bleeding from 3 sites. Median time from the initiation of treatment till the cessation of bleeding was not significantly difference across four groups (p value = 0.724, Kruskal-Wallis test). Adverse effects included abdominal pain in group A and pruritus in group A and C.
Conclusion: Platelet transfusion and/or tranexamic acid do not provide significant benefit over standard of care treatment in patients with clinical bleeding in dengue fever and may be associated with adverse outcome.
BaSi7P10 and SrSi7P10: Two Infrared Nonlinear Optical Phosphides with T2 Supertetrahedra Exhibiting Strong Second‐Harmonic Generation Effects
Authors: Zhao Xin , Lin Chensheng , Chen Jindong , Xu Feng , Yang Shunda , Peng Guang , Tian Haotian , Han Yinglei , Li Bingxuan , Luo Min , Ye Ning 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBecause mid‐ and far‐infrared (IR) nonlinear optical (NLO) materials play an important role in military and civil fields, plenty of excellent IR NLO materials have been discovered in recent decades, such as chalcogenides with T2 supertetrahedra. Pnictides with T2 supertetrahedra instead of MQ4 (M = IIB, IIIA, IVA metals; Q = P, As) tetrahedra, may favor high second‐harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency due to their large hyperpolarizability, but they have been rarely reported. Therefore, in this study, two pnictides with T2 supertetrahedra, BaSi7P10 and SrSi7P10, are synthesized and studied. With three‐dimensional (3D) framework structures assembled from 1D zigzag chains of [Si7P16] dual‐T2 supertetrahedra, both BaSi7P10 and SrSi7P10 exhibit strong phase‐matching (PM) SHG responses (3.2‐ and 3.0‐times that of AgGaS2), large birefringences (0.077 and 0.112), and wide infrared transparency. In addition, theoretical calculation also reveals that the two‐coordinated P atom can enhance the SHG effects. This study provides a new strategy for exploring new IR NLO materials.
Electrolyte Solvation Structure Design for Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Tian Zhengnan , Zou Yeguo , Liu Gang , Wang Yizhou , Yin Jian , Ming Jun , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSodium ion batteries (SIBs) are considered the most promising battery technology in the post‐lithium era due to the abundant sodium reserves. In the past two decades, exploring new electrolytes for SIBs has generally relied on the “solid electrolyte interphase (SEI)” theory to optimize the electrolyte components. However, many observed phenomena cannot be fully explained by the SEI theory. Therefore, electrolyte solvation structure and electrode–electrolyte interface behavior have recently received tremendous research interest to explain the improved performance. Considering there is currently no review paper focusing on the solvation structure of electrolytes in SIBs, a systematic survey on SIBs is provided, in which the specific solvation structure design guidelines and their consequent impact on the electrochemical performance are elucidated. The key driving force of solvation structure formation, and the recent advances in adjusting SIB solvation structures are discussed in detail. It is believed that this review can provide new insights into the electrolyte optimization strategies of high‐performance SIBs and even other emerging battery systems.
High‐Alkaline Water‐Splitting Activity of Mesoporous 3D Heterostructures: An Amorphous‐Shell@Crystalline‐Core Nano‐Assembly of Co‐Ni‐Phosphate Ultrathin‐Nanosheets and V‐ Doped Cobalt‐Nitride Nanowires
Authors: Singh Thangjam Ibomcha , Maibam Ashakiran , Cha Dun Chan , Yoo Sunghoon , Babarao Ravichandar , Lee Sang Uck , Lee Seunghyun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroducing amorphous and ultrathin nanosheets of transition bimetal phosphate arrays that are highly active in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) as shells over an electronically modulated crystalline core with low hydrogen absorption energy for an excellent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can boost the sluggish kinetics of the OER and HER in alkaline electrolytes. Therefore, in this study, ultrathin and amorphous cobalt‐nickel‐phosphate (CoNiPOx) nanosheet arrays are deposited over vanadium (V)‐doped cobalt‐nitride (V3%‐Co4N) crystalline core nanowires to obtain amorphous‐shell@crystalline‐core mesoporous 3D‐heterostructures (CoNiPOx@V‐Co4N/NF) as bifunctional electrocatalysts. The optimized electrocatalyst shows extremely low HER and OER overpotentials of 53 and 270 mV at 10 mA cm−2, respectively. The CoNiPOx@V3%‐Co4N/NF (+/−) electrolyzer utilizing the electrocatalyst as both anode and cathode demonstrates remarkable overall water‐splitting activity, requiring a cell potential of only 1.52 V at 10 mA cm−2, 30 mV lower than that of the RuO2/NF (+)/20%‐Pt/C/NF (−) electrolyzer. Such impressive bifunctional activities can be attributed to abundant active sites, adjusted electronic structure, lower charge‐transfer resistance, enhanced electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), and surface‐ and volume‐confined electrocatalysis resulting from the synergistic effects of the crystalline V3%‐Co4N core and amorphous CoNiPOx shells boosting water splitting in alkaline media.
Tandem Reactions involving 1,4‐Palladium Migrations
Authors: Li Meng‐Yao , Wei Dong , Feng Chen‐Guo , Lin Guo‐Qiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed tandem reactions have become a mainstay in organic chemistry owing to their high atom‐ and step‐economies. Metal‐migration‐based tandem reactions allow the engagement of simple starting materials for incorporating functional groups into certain positions and constructing complex scaffolds, which provide novel means that are complementary to traditional cross‐coupling or C−H activation processes. In light of the broad utility of the 1,4‐Pd migration reaction, this paper reviews its progress in the past two decades, summarizing the tandem process and classifying it based on insertion, elimination, transmetalation, and C−H bond activation. Special emphasis is placed on the driving force of Pd migration and different migration mechanisms. Moreover, this review also attempts to summarize common strategies for improving the regio‐ and site‐selectivities of the migration process.
Selecting patients for magnetic resonance imaging cognitive versus ultrasound fusion biopsy of the prostate: A within‐patient comparison
Authors: Hayes Mitch , Bassale Solange , Chakiryan Nicholas H. , Boileau Luc , Grassauer Jacob , Wagner Matthew , Foster Bryan , Coakley Fergus , Isharwal Sudhir , Amling Christopher L. , Liu Jen‐Jane 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo compare overall agreement between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–ultrasound (US) fusion biopsy (FB) and MRI cognitive fusion biopsy (CB) of the prostate and determine which factors affect agreement for prostate cancer (PCa) who underwent both modalities in a prospective within‐patient protocol.Patients and MethodsFrom August 2017 to January 2021, patients with at least one Prostate Imaging Reporting & Data System (PI‐RADS) 3 or higher lesion on multiparametric MRI underwent transrectal FB and CB in a prospective within‐patient protocol. CB was performed for each region of interest (ROI), followed by FB, followed by standard 12 core biopsy. Patients who were not on active surveillance were analysed. The primary endpoint was agreement for any PCa detection. McNemar's test and kappa statistic were used to analyse agreement. Chi‐square test, Fisher's exact test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to analyse disagreement across clinical and MRI spatial variables. A multivariable generalized mixed‐effect model was used to compare the interaction between select variables and fusion modality. Statistics were performed using SAS and R.ResultsNinety patients and 98 lesions were included in the analysis. There was moderate agreement between FB and CB (k = 0.715). McNemar's test was insignificant (p = 0.285). Anterior location was the only variable associated with a significant variation in agreement, which was 70% for anterior lesions versus 89.7% for non‐anterior lesions (p = 0.035). Discordance did not vary significantly across other variables. In a mixed‐effect model, the interaction between anterior location and use of FB was insignificant (p = 0.411).ConclusionIn a within‐patient protocol of patients not on active surveillance, FB and CB performed similarly for PCa detection and with moderate agreement. Anterior location was associated with significantly higher disagreement, whereas other patient and lesion characteristics were not. Additional studies are needed to determine optimal biopsy technique for sampling anterior ROI.
Peptide supplementation relieves stress and enhances glycolytic flux in filamentous fungi during organic acid bioproduction
Authors: Zhang Jiahui , Wu Na , Ou Wen , Li Yingfeng , Liang Yingchao , Peng Chao , Li Yi , Xu Qing , Tong Yi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFilamentous fungi occupy a uniquely favorable position in the bioproduction of organic acids. Intracellular stress is the main stimulator in filamentous fungi to produce and accumulate organic acids with high flux. However, stress can affect the physiological activities of filamentous fungi, thereby deteriorating their fermentation performance. Herein, we report that peptide supplementation during Rhizopus oryzae fermentation significantly improved fumaric acid production. Specifically, fumaric acid productivity was elevated by approximately 100%, fermentation duration was shortened from 72 to 36 h, while maintaining the final titer. Furthermore, transcriptome profile analysis and biochemical assays indicated that the overall capabilities of the stress defense systems (enzymatic and nonenzymatic) were significantly improved in R. oryzae. Consequently, glycolytic metabolism was distinctly enhanced, which eventually resulted in improved fumaric acid production and reduced fermentation duration. We expect our findings and efforts to provide essential insights into the optimization of the fermentation performance of filamentous fungi in industrial biotechnology and fermentation engineering.
No add‐on effect of tDCS on fatigue and depression in chronic stroke patients: A randomized sham‐controlled trial combining tDCS with computerized cognitive training
Authors: Ulrichsen Kristine M. , Kolskår Knut K. , Richard Geneviève , Pedersen Mads Lund , Alnæs Dag , Dørum Erlend S. , Sanders Anne‐Marthe , Tornås Sveinung , Maglanoc Luigi A. , Engvig Andreas , Ihle‐Hansen Hege , Nordvik Jan E. , Westlye Lars T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundFatigue and emotional distress rank high among self‐reported unmet needs in life after stroke. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may have the potential to alleviate these symptoms for some patients, but the acceptability and effects for chronic stroke survivors need to be explored in randomized controlled trials.MethodsUsing a randomized sham‐controlled parallel design, we evaluated whether six sessions of 1 mA tDCS (anodal over F3, cathodal over O2) combined with computerized cognitive training reduced self‐reported symptoms of fatigue and depression. Among the 74 chronic stroke patients enrolled at baseline, 54 patients completed the intervention. Measures of fatigue and depression were collected at five time points spanning a 2 months period.ResultsWhile symptoms of fatigue and depression were reduced during the course of the intervention, Bayesian analyses provided evidence for no added beneficial effect of tDCS. Less severe baseline symptoms were associated with higher performance improvement in select cognitive tasks, and study withdrawal was higher in patients with more fatigue and younger age. Time‐resolved symptom analyses by a network approach suggested higher centrality of fatigue items (except item 1 and 2) than depression items.ConclusionThe results reveal no add‐on effect of tDCS on fatigue or depression but support the notion of fatigue as a relevant clinical symptom with possible implications for treatment adherence and response.
FDG‐PET/CT‐guided rebiopsy may find clinically unsuspicious transformation of follicular lymphoma
Authors: Rajamäki Aino , Kuitunen Hanne , Sorigue Marc , Kokkonen Salla‐Maarit , Kuittinen Outi , Sunela Kaisa 
Published: June 2022

AimThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical impact of fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG‐PET/CT) followed by a new biopsy from the site with maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in case of high maximal SUV values, in detecting clinically unsuspected histologic transformations (HT) of follicular lymphoma (FL).MethodsThis retrospective study included all the patients who had undergone FDG‐PET/CT during primary diagnosis or relapse of FL between 2010 and 2020 at Oulu University Hospital.ResultsThe diagnosis changed from an indolent disease to a transformed lymphoma in >10% (7/63) of the patients who underwent diagnostic FDG‐PET/CT. The HT risk associated with high SUVmax (>10) was 24% (7 of 29 performed biopsies). Four out of these seven patients with verified HT had no previous clinical suspicion of transformation.ConclusionOur results suggest that a rebiopsy based on a high SUVmax in diagnostic FDG‐PET/CT is valuable in detecting clinically unsuspected HT of FL.
A semantic‐driven generation of 3D Chinese opera performance scenes
Authors: Liang Hui , Dong Xiaohang , Liu Xiaoxiao , Pan Junjun , Zhang Jingyue , Wang Ruicong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe emergence of digital opera has enriched the stage performance of Chinese opera and expanded its dissemination means. However, the modern spread of traditional Chinese opera still faces hindrances. Digital opera performances require the generation of virtual scenes of the stages and characters. However, traditional virtual scene generation requires workers to build 3D models using modeling software and incorporate them into the performance scene. This article proposes a semantic‐based generation method for Chinese opera performance scenes. First, we analyze the scene description scripts to understand the elements in Chinese opera virtual scenes. The prior probability is subsequently used to learn the model placement rules in the opera scene model. A digital scene suitable for Chinese opera performance is then generated. The final results show that the method can generate natural and receptive opera digital performance scenes. This article's research ideas and achievements are conducive to the promotion of development of Chinese digital opera technology. They possess substantial significance to the inheritance and development of traditional Chinese opera art.
Masseteric hernia: A case report and literature review
Authors: Shall Firas , Javadian Rokneddin , Parent Dominique , Evrard Laurence 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMandibular swellings are common, but a hernia of the masseter muscle is a rare condition. This case report describes the case of a young patient presenting a masseter muscle hernia and discusses the management of this condition.
Synergistic Strategies in Aminocatalysis
Authors: Del Vecchio Antonio , Sinibaldi Arianna , Nori Valeria , Giorgianni Giuliana , Di Carmine Graziano , Pesciaioli Fabio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSynergistic catalysis offers the unique possibility of simultaneous activation of both the nucleophile and the electrophile in a reaction. A requirement for this strategy is the stability of the active species towards the reaction conditions and the two concerted catalytic cycles. Since the beginning of the century, aminocatalysis has been established as a platform for the stereoselective activation of carbonyl compounds through HOMO‐raising or LUMO‐lowering. The burgeoning era of aminocatalysis has been driven by a deep understanding of these activation and stereoinduction modes, thanks to the introduction of versatile and privileged chiral amines. The aim of this review is to cover recent developments in synergistic strategies involving aminocatalysis in combination with organo‐, metal‐, photo‐, and electro‐catalysis, focusing on the evolution of privileged aminocatalysts architectures.
Corporate wrongdoing and board leadership structure: An analysis of the WestJet spying scandal
Authors: Chowdhury Shamsud D. , Sheppard Jerry Paul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on corporate espionage undertaken by WestJet Airlines, Canada's second largest air carrier. Employing a case study, we examine how board leadership‐endorsed internet snooping affected WestJet's board structure and performance. We also paired the case study with an event study methodology to enhance the case narrative and illustrate market responses to continuing revelations of WestJet's espionage over time. We find that investors initially discounted WestJet's value then over time reacted more to market changes and positive scandal‐related outcomes. WestJet withstood the adverse effects of wrongdoing and regained investor confidence and profitability via substantive and symbolic changes to their board leadership structure. The study's theoretical and practical implications are also given.