bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To study the role of magnesium and Gamma- glutamyl transferases in alcoholic liver disease
Authors: Gaikwad Kapila , Selkar Sohan , Agrawal Sanjay 
Published: June 2022

Aim:
To study the role of magnesium and gamma- glutamyl transferases in alcoholic liver disease.

Objectives:
(1) To estimate serum magnesium and serum glutamyl-transferases (GGT) in alcoholic liver disease. (2) To estimate liver enzymes Alanine Transaminases (ALT), Aspartate Transaminases (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), and Total protein and Albumin in alcoholic liver disease. (3) To correlate serum magnesium with all liver enzymes. (4) To correlate serum GGT with all liver enzymes.

Materials and Methods:
All liver enzymes, serum magnesium, serum GGT, total protein and albumin were estimated in 50 alcoholic liver disease patients and 50 normal subjects on Trivitron Dirui autoanalyzer.

Results:
Significant difference was found between mean values of cases and controls in Mg, GGT, AST, ALT, Alkaline phosphatase, and Albumin (P<0.05). Positive correlation was found between Mg with GGT, ALT, Total proteins and Albumin. This indicates that the higher(lower) values of Mg are associated with higher(lower) values of GGT, ALT, Total proteins, and Albumin. But the result were not statistically significant.(P >0.05).

Conclusion:
Chronic alcoholic liver disease significantly elevates Gamma-glutamyl transferase. Hypomagnesemia is also seen in alcoholic liver disease. Gamma-glutamyltransferase has a significant relation with magnesium levels in alcoholic liver disease.
Gender of the baby and its impact on the health-related quality of life of postpartum women
Authors: Singh Pallika , Rasania S. K. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a multidimensional concept and is relatively neglected in both research and practice. Gender equality is a crucial measure of human rights for millions of women and girls around the world. Most postpartum researches have focused on physical complications. This study was conducted to analyze the impact of gender of the baby on the HRQoL of postpartum women at 6 weeks.

Material and Methods:
The study was conducted in a resettlement colony, Kalyanpuri, located in Delhi, India, with a sample size of 330 postpartum women. The data were collected in the 6th week of postpartum period using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 Health Survey for HRQoL.

Results:
The findings showed that the birth of a male baby led to a significantly (P < 0.05) better mean HRQoL score than the birth of a female baby. The mean scores of general health, vitality, social functioning, and mental health domains were significantly less in the case of a female newborn child.

Conclusion:
The male dominance in the Indian society which leads to financial supremacy and coercion for continuation of family lineage was an important predictor of lower HRQoL of the women in the postpartum period. This demonstrates the need for risk factor for gender equity to and achieve universal health coverage.
A Single-Center Prospective Observational Study Evaluating Telemedicine for Kidney Transplant Patients in the Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mazumder Mastakim Ahmed , Gulati Sanjeev , Shehwar Durre , Sengar Amrita 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
The coronavirus pandemic has restricted access to health-care services for kidney transplant patients because of concerns of COVID-19 infection. This single-center prospective study was done to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of telemedicine services for regular follow-up of kidney transplant patients as well as for triaging patients for admission.

Methods:
The study was undertaken during the lockdown period in India from March 23, 2020 to June 30, 2020. A formatted message seeking all relevant information was sent before teleconsultation. WhatsApp/email using smartphones and Electronic Medical Records system were used to provide telemedicine services. At the end of the e-consult, the patient was asked to rate his experience on a scale of 0–10.

Results:
A total of 296 consults for 122 patients were given. Of these, 239 (80.7%) consults (96 patients) were for domestic patients and 57 (19.3%) consults (26 patients) were for international patients. The mean age of the patients was 43 ± 15 years. The mean patient satisfaction score for e-consults was 9.5 ± 0.7. Four (3.3%) patients were seen for the first time after transplant via teleconsultation. Nine (7.4%) patients were advised admission and the rest were advised follow-up teleconsultation. Among those admitted, 6 (4.9%) were COVID positive and 1 (0.8%) patient died of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Conclusions:
Telemedicine offers a viable modality for health-care delivery when access to health care is restricted for transplant patients. Our model of telemedicine can be replicated easily without the burden of high cost for infrastructure.
Pattern and Distribution of Pediatric Dermatoses and their Association with Parental Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Podder Indrashis , Agarwall Komal , Anurag Anubhav 
Published: June 2022

Background:
In developing countries, pediatric dermatoses cause significant morbidity and are a major public health problem. Parental socioeconomic status (SES) is an important underlying factor.

Aim:
The aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence and disease characteristics of pediatric dermatoses at a tertiary care center in Eastern India.

Materials and Methods:
Patients aged 19 years and below, presenting with at least one skin disorder were included in this cross-sectional study. All patients were subjected to detailed history including parental SES and clinical examination.

Results:
We evaluated 525 subjects (mean age 9.9 ± 6.2 years; M:F 1:1.1), majority being adolescents (>12–19 years) (40.6%) and belonging to upper-lower socioeconomic class (69.3%). Infections and infestations were most frequent (56.6%), followed by skin appendageal disorders (22.7%), eczema and dermatitis (8.8%), miscellaneous disorders (6.9%), pigmentary and nevoid disorders (3.4%), and papulo-squamous disorders (1.7%). Among infections, dermatophytosis was most common, followed by scabies and impetigo; while acne vulgaris was the most frequent noninfectious disorder followed by seborrhoeic dermatitis. Skin disorders were significantly associated with parental SES (P = 0.04). Infections showed a significant inverse association with parental SES (P = 0.003) while eczematous disorders demonstrated a positive dose-response association (P = 0.005). Higher parental SES increased the risk of acne vulgaris but reduced the risk of impetigo.

Conclusion:
Infectious diseases occurred most frequently, followed by pilosebaceous disorders. Parental SES is a significant determinant of pediatric dermatoses. Increased awareness is needed to prevent and treat these disorders.
Postmessenger Ribonucleic Acid COVID-19 Vaccine Delayed Inflammatory Reaction to Dermal Fillers
Authors: Alharithy Ruaa , Alsaedi Asim , Alsaedi Marwan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We report two cases of inflammatory reaction to postvaccination to Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine from Saudi Arabia: A case of delayed inflammatory reactions (DIRs) to hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal filler in the upper lip following the first dose of messenger ribonucleic acid Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine; the second case of DIR to HA filler underneath of eye following the second dose of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine. The mechanism of this late reaction to HA fillers may be dependent on numerous factors and is not well understood.
Pattern of pediatric emergency visits during lockdown -Impact of COVID-19 pandemic in Jodhpur City, India
Authors: Choudhary Bharat , Sharma Devansh , Gupta Manoj Kumar , Singh Kuldeep , Choudhary Yachana 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To study the impact of lockdown during novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic on Pediatric Emergency visits.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, we compared the data regarding demographic details, triage category, underlying primary organ system involvement and outcomes among pediatric emergency visits of April-May 2019 and 2020. Results are expressed in means and proportions. Chi-square test was applied to compare the proportion in two groups.

Results:
We observed decrease in number of patients during lockdown period as compared to previous year (792 vs 506, decrease by 36%). There was significant increase in respiratory (P = 0.001, CI 2.66-11.6), and hematological emergencies (P < 0.001, CI 2.96-9.23) Road traffic accident (RTA) were decreased significantly (P = 0.005, CI 0.6-3.06). Unintentional injuries were comparable to previous year (P = 0.14, CI -0.86-6.19), though children being at home.

Conclusion:
During lockdown, number of pediatric emergency visits was reduced and also lead to delayed presentation. Parents should be informed about utilizing telemedicine services available during this period and avoid delaying in going to hospitals in emergency conditions.
Attitude and perception of COVID-19 vaccines in healthcare workers
Authors: Ubale Milind R. , Bagle Tushar R. , Gaikwad Sunita , Baviskar Pooja A. , Nanoty Vaibhavi A. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Till date, there is no particular medicine that has shown minimum impact on COVID-19 cases and mortality and prevention by vaccination remains the only option.

Objective:
This study aims to explore knowledge, attitude, and practices of healthcare workers (HCWs) toward COVID-19 vaccine.

Material and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study done on HCWs. Both online (Google forms) and offline, the study questionnaire was distributed. The questionnaire was validated and consisted of knowledge, attitude, and perception about COVID-19 questions.

Results:
A total of 300 HCWs were included in the study. A total of 144 (48%) of the HCWs were aged between 18 and 30 years. In addition, 191 (63.34%) participants were willing to take any COVID-19 vaccine while 20 (6.67%) are not sure of taking vaccine. A total of 208 (69.34%) felt that COVID-19 vaccine will limit the spread of infection to family members. Furthermore, 225 (75%) felt that family physicians’ decision is important to take a decision on vaccination, whereas 199 (66.33%) avail COVID-19 information from government sources. Moreover, 264 (88%) felt that success will depend on general peoples’ acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. Furthermore, 77 (25.67%) said that they will not be taking COVID-19 vaccine because of side effects, 229 (76.33%) felt that vaccine safety is important, and 144 (48%) are not sure if vaccination will end the COVID 19 pandemic.

Discussion:
Challenges to motivate HCWs, family physician, and general population needs to be undertaken by focusing on factors like information and education, vaccine side effects, and availability of the vaccine. These all should be highlighted so that maximum population gets immunized.
To study the association between various levels of cord serum albumin (CSA) and significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia requiring interventions like phototherapy or exchange transfusion
Authors: Pathak Apeksha , Siddalingesha R , Prasad Kamal N. , Kamal Nibha , Sinha Archana , Ghosh Ananya , Singh Bhuwan K. , Kumar Pankaj , Surekha R 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Hyperbilirubinemia is most common normal physiological phenomenon in neonates affecting almost one third of newborn.it may lead to neuro disability leading to deafness and cerebral palsy which can be prevented if detected and treated as soon as possible. Albumin is produced in seventh week of intrauterine life and it can be measured by cord blood and in this study we can establish serum albumin with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and can be treated by phototherapy or exchange transfusion.

Material and Method:
The study consists of 55 randomly selected eligible term neonates delivered at Rajendra Institute of Medical sciences from March 2019 to August 2020.

Conclusion:
In this study, in term neonates, level of serum albumin in umbilical cord less than 2.8 g/dl has no correlation with occurrence significant hyperbilirubinemia, so a level <2.8 gm/dl of serum albumin in umbilical cord blood can be used as critical value indicator in triaging predict the risk of occurring of significant hyperbilirubinemia in term neonates.level >3.4 gm/dl is considered safe in neonates who are the candidates for early discharge in the absence of other risk factors.
Association between maternal undernutrition among Sudanese women and newborn birth weight
Authors: Ahmed Abdel B. A. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Maternal undernutrition is a major health problem in developing countries. It is associated with maternal and perinatal morbidity, such as low birth weight (LBW), as well as mortality. This study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal undernutrition among pregnant women in Sudan on newborn birth weight.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study carried in the labor ward of Medani Maternity Hospital in central Sudan between June and December 2019. Data on the mothers’ sociodemographic and obstetrics characteristics were collected through a questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were obtained following standard procedures for both mothers and newborns. Linear logistic regressions were used to assess factors associated with birth weight.

Results:
Three hundred thirty-nine pairs of pregnant women and their newborns were enrolled in the study. Half of the women were primiparas (n = 170, 50.1%). The birth weight range was 1,330–4,640 g, and the mean (standard deviation (SD)) was 3,029.4 (613.0) g. The 10th and 90th centiles were 2,450 and 3,790 g, respectively. There was no significant difference in the birth weights of male (n = 160, 3,086.2 614.0 g) and female (n = 179, 2978.6 611.0 g; P = 0.107) newborns. In the linear regression, parity (43.1, P = 0.045), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) (39.3 cm, P = 0.001), gestational age (75.6 weeks, P = 0.017), and body mass index (BMI) (0.4 kg/m2, P = 0.006) were significantly associated with birth weight. There was no significant association between age, employment, a history of miscarriages, antenatal care, sex of the newborn, interpregnancy interval (IPI), and birth weight.

Conclusion:
The main finding was a significant association between parity, gestational age, MUAC, BMI, and birth weight.
Prevalence of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in patients presenting with acute viral hepatitis: A 3-year retrospective study at a tertiary care Hospital in Western India
Authors: Palewar Meghna S. , Joshi Suvarna , Choudhary Geetanjali , Das Rashmita , Sadafale Ashish , Karyakarte Rajesh 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Context:
Viral hepatitis caused 1.34 million deaths in 2015, a number comparable to the deaths caused by tuberculosis and higher than that caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are important causes of acute viral hepatitis (AVH) and acute liver failure (ALF). Due to the paucity of data, the exact burden of the disease in western India is not established.

Objective:
Considering this background, the present study aims to determine the prevalence, epidemiology, and biochemical correlation in AVH due to HAV and HEV.

Setting and Design:
It was a retrospective observational study conducted over 3 years from January 2018 to December 2020 in a tertiary care hospital of Western India.

Material and Methods:
The study population included 1,807 patients (outdoor and hospitalized) having clinical features of AVH. All serum samples from these patients were tested in duplicate for immunoglobulin M (IgM) anti-HAV and IgM anti-HEV antibodies using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The liver function tests (LFTs) were also monitored.

Results:
Of the 1,807 specimens processed from the patients with AVH, 120 (6.70%) were positive for IgM anti-HAV antibodies and 154 (8.5%) were positive for IgM HEV antibodies. A total of 11 patients (0.60%) were positive for both anti-HAV IgM and anti-HEV IgM antibodies indicating HAV-HEV coinfection. Our study shows that the HAV infection was more prevalent in the pediatric age group. The HEV infection was seen in all age groups and more prevalent in the age group of 20–30 years. The infection was more prevalent from June to October, that is, during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Total serum bilirubin, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were elevated at 85.84, 86.79, 91.5, and 83.96%, respectively, in HAV-infected and elevated at 78.12, 93.75, 67.18, and 57.03%, respectively, in HEV-infected patients. The patients with HAV-HEV coinfection had all deranged LFTs indicating more severe disease.

Conclusion:
The present study emphasizes the importance of screening all hepatitis viral markers (A, B, C, E) for early diagnosis and curtailment of outbreaks and epidemics by the public health sector reducing morbidity and mortality.
Social participation among Iranian community-dwelling older adults: A grounded theory study
Authors: Amini Raziyeh , Shahboulaghi Farahnaz Mohammadi , Tabrizi Kian Norouzi , Forouzan Ameneh Setareh 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Iran is among the countries whose older adult population is increasing rapidly. The social dimension of health in older adults affects their other existential dimensions. Social participation is a key determinant of health for older adults. This study aimed to explore the process of social participation among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods:
This is a qualitative study with the grounded theory approach. The study population consisted of eligible community-dwelling older adults. The participants were initially selected by purposeful sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The time and place of the interviews were arranged in discussion with the participants in advance. Lincoln and Guba’s criteria were used to assess the scientific accuracy and validity of the study. The university ethics committee issued the ethics code for the study. Data were analyzed using Corbin and Strauss approach.

Result:
The results of interviews with 15 participants, in this study, led to the emergence of 12 main categories and 32 subcategories with the core concept of “older adults’ desire to stay active”. Social participation of older adults was a concept clarified with the efforts of older adults to stay active in the community. Categories are fully described in the manuscript.

Conclusion:
Staying active is one of the main concerns regarding the concept of older adults’ social participation. The existence of conducive underlying factors, such as a participation-seeking older adult, family, and society, assists in the development of social participation at various levels and multiple forms among older adults.
Village health, sanitation, and nutrition committee: Do the village level functionaries aware of their roles?
Authors: Varshney Akash , Bahurupi Yogesh , Jain Bhavna , Goel Aadit , Singh Mahendra , Aggarwal Pradeep 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
National Health Mission intended to achieve decentralization and community participation through creating and supporting Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committees (VHSNCs). The services offered through VHSNC include maternal and child health, family planning, sanitation, communicable diseases and health promotion, and nutrition. The study was carried out to assess awareness on the implementation of the functioning of VHSNC implementation among village-level functionaries in the Dehradun district.

Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Doiwala and Raipur blocks of Dehradun district from June 2019 to July 2019. Members of VHSNC with at least 3 months of membership were included in the study. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic variables and questions about their awareness and responsibilities in implementing VHSNC. Data were collected by personal interviews using Epi-Collect and analyzed by SPSS 23.

Result:
Out of 69 members, 64 (92.4%) had formal education until high school. Only around 50% of members knew about the essential documents related to the VHSNC. Sixty-five members (98.48%) believed that the committee had the primary role in health-related services in the village, 54 (81.82%) members also marked providing safe drinking water as a function, 48 (72.73%) were in favor of access to clean public toilet and sanitation facilities while some others added role in Public Distribution System.

Conclusion:
Around half of the members were partially or completely aware of the functioning of VHSNCs. Providing them with further awareness is required.
Compliance to iron and folic acid tablets among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Agartala Government Medical College
Authors: Choudhuri Paramita , Debbarma Asis , Debbarma Siddhartha , Reang Taranga 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Anemia is a public health problem worldwide, and in pregnancy, the main cause of anemia is nutritional. Non-compliance to iron and folic acid supplement plays a role in the high prevalence of anemia in pregnant women.

Objectives:
The objectives were to find out the proportion of compliance to iron and folic acid tablets (IFA) among pregnant women and to determine factors associated with it.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 240 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Agartala Govt. Medical College, from 15th June to 14th September 2019. Subjects were recruited through consecutive sampling. A pretested, predesigned, semi-structured interview schedule was used to collect information. Data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to find out the association of compliance with independent variables. P value of < 0.05 was considered as significant.

Results:
Majority (56.3%) of the participants were in the age group of 20–29 years and were housewives (92.1%), Hindu (93.8%), and completed secondary education (34.6%). The proportion of compliance to IFA among pregnant women was 52.5% (n = 126), and the reason for non-compliance (n = 114) in the majority was side effects of IFA (35.09%), followed by forgetfulness (28.07%). Factors like age, religion, education, socio-economic status, birth order, number of antenatal visits, or number of IFA consumed daily have not shown any significant association with this compliance.

Conclusion:
This study highlighted that only around half of the pregnant women are compliant with IFA, and this situation demands for information education and communication activities to generate awareness.
Evaluation of personality disorders in patients with Gender Identity Disorder (GID): An update
Authors: Meybodi Azadeh M. , Jolfaei Atefeh G. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Gender dysphoria (GD) could cause various mental illnesses, but its main cause is unclear. GD patients also suffer from different personality disorders that increase the risk of side effects among them. The present review study is aimed to investigate the most recent studies on comorbid personality disorders in patients with GD.

Materials and Methods:
Online databases were searched using related keywords for collecting any related articles. After precise reviewing the abstract of all collected articles, those with more appropriate content were included in our study.

Findings:
The prevalence rate of personality disorders in GD patients has been reported to be from 15% to 80% by different studies. In line with the data from previous studies, it was revealed that borderline personality disorder is one of the most prevalent disorders among GD patients. Available comorbid personality disorders cause a wide range of side effects on the normal function of patients.

Conclusion:
The majority of studies carried out on the comorbidity of personality disorders have revealed that the possibility of personality disorders in GD patients is high. Anyway, further studies are required to understand the exact effect of psychological care on personality disorders in these patients.