bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical minerals for electric vehicles: a telecoupling review
Authors: Agusdinata Datu Buyung , Eakin Hallie , Liu Wenjuan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe rapid growth of electric vehicles adoption, which plays a crucial role to reduce transportation carbon emissions, is leading to a surge in demand for critical minerals such as cobalt, nickel, lithium, and rare earths. Efforts to systematically address the emerging sustainability issues associated with critical minerals have been challenged by complex mineral supply chains, and the distal and geographically dispersed nature of social-ecological impacts from mineral extraction and processing and eventual use. In this review, we apply a bibliometric analysis of the literature in the 2010–2020 period to analyze the state of research on the issues of critical mineral extraction impacts and the global governance responses. We use the concept of telecoupling to structure our literature search and analysis across four themes: (a) critical minerals global trade and supply chain, (b) sustainability and resource policy and governance, (c) mining corporate social responsibility, and (d) information feedback and public discourse. We find a growing attention to the social-ecological implications of critical mineral extraction, but also fragmentation among thematic domains that could impede progress towards more coordinated system governance. Based on the analyses, the paper concludes with a definition of some research and engagement opportunities around the telecoupling themes.
Probing vortex beams based on Talbot effect with two overlapping gratings
Authors: Buathong Sitti , Srisuphaphon Sorakrai , Deachapunya Sarayut 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In a prior report the optical vortex was characterized using the near-field Talbot effect (Panthong et al 2016 J. Opt.
18 035602; Panthong
et al 2018 Appl. Opt.
57 1657). This near-field technique can resolve both order and charge of the orbital angular momentum state of the vortex beam. We have proposed before that a small open fraction of the grating in the Talbot configuration can improve the image contrast (Srisuphaphon et al 2020 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 37 2021). In this study, we combine these previously reported techniques, i.e. the Talbot effect for probing an optical vortex and overlapping gratings to manipulate the open fraction. Both theoretical simulation and experimental demonstration are presented here. We believe that our technique can be an alternative method for optical vortex imaging, and could be useful in optical applications.
Doping dependent electronic and magnetic ordering in mixed-valent La1−x
Sr
x
MnO3 thin films
Authors: Payne J A , Bryant C T , Marquez Tavera R , Brown D T , Pekarek T M , Warusawithana M P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We have investigated the collective electronic and magnetic orderings of a series of La1−x
Sr
x
MnO3 thin films grown epitaxially strained to (001) oriented strontium titanate substrates as a function of doping, x, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4. We find that the ground states of these crystalline thin films are, in general, consistent with that observed in bulk crystals and thin film samples synthesized under a multitude of techniques. Our systematic study, however, reveal subtle features in the temperature dependent electronic transport and magnetization measurements, which presumably arise due to Jahn-Teller type distortions in the lattice for particular doping levels. For the parent compound LaMnO3 (x = 0), we report evidence of a strain-induced ferromagnetic ordering in contrast to the antiferromagnetic ground state found in bulk crystals.
Three-Dimensional Arterial Distribution Over the Midline of the Nasal Bone
Authors: Cong Li-Yao , Liao Zhi-Feng , Zhang Yun-Song , Li Dong-Ni , Luo Sheng-Kang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
A comprehensive understanding of arterial variations around the midline of the nose is of great importance for the safety of filler injection.

Objectives
The aim of the study was to clearly define the 3-dimensional location of the arteries along the midline of the nasal bone.

Methods
The arterial structures overlapping the nasal bone along the midline were observed in 79 cadavers.

Results
The present study found that 0 to 3 named arteries per nose segment could be identified. All the arterial structures were located in or above the superficial musculoaponeurotic system layer overlapping the nasal bone. The probability of encountering named arteries at 5 defined points, P1 to P5, was 5/79 (6.3%), 4/79 (5.1%), 1/79 (1.3%), 6/79 (7.6%), and 9/79 (11.4%), respectively. The depth of the main arterial trunk was 1.2 ± 0.4 mm, 1.6 ± 0.6 mm, 1.8 ± 0 mm, 1.0 ± 0.4 mm, and 0.9 ± 0.5 mm below the skin at P1 to P5, respectively.

Conclusions
The authors confirmed that sub-superficial musculoaponeurotic system injection along the midline through a needle is anatomically reliable and that a technique with 1 entry point through the rhinion via a cannula can easily keep the needle sufficiently deep for safe nasal filler injection.
Robust disease module mining via enumeration of diverse prize-collecting Steiner trees
Authors: Bernett Judith , Krupke Dominik , Sadegh Sepideh , Baumbach Jan , Fekete Sándor P , Kacprowski Tim , List Markus , Blumenthal David B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Disease module mining methods (DMMMs) extract subgraphs that constitute candidate disease mechanisms from molecular interaction networks such as protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks. Irrespective of the employed models, DMMMs typically include non-robust steps in their workflows, i.e. the computed subnetworks vary when running the DMMMs multiple times on equivalent input. This lack of robustness has a negative effect on the trustworthiness of the obtained subnetworks and is hence detrimental for the widespread adoption of DMMMs in the biomedical sciences.

Results
To overcome this problem, we present a new DMMM called ROBUST (robust disease module mining via enumeration of diverse prize-collecting Steiner trees). In a large-scale empirical evaluation, we show that ROBUST outperforms competing methods in terms of robustness, scalability and, in most settings, functional relevance of the produced modules, measured via KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) gene set enrichment scores and overlap with DisGeNET disease genes.

Availability and implementation
A Python 3 implementation and scripts to reproduce the results reported in this article are available on GitHub: https://github.com/bionetslab/robust, https://github.com/bionetslab/robust-eval.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
MedTator: a serverless annotation tool for corpus development
Authors: He Huan , Fu Sunyang , Wang Liwei , Liu Sijia , Wen Andrew , Liu Hongfang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSummaryBuilding a high-quality annotation corpus requires expenditure of considerable time and expertise, particularly for biomedical and clinical research applications. Most existing annotation tools provide many advanced features to cover a variety of needs where the installation, integration and difficulty of use present a significant burden for actual annotation tasks. Here, we present MedTator, a serverless annotation tool, aiming to provide an intuitive and interactive user interface that focuses on the core steps related to corpus annotation, such as document annotation, corpus summarization, annotation export and annotation adjudication.Availability and implementationMedTator and its tutorial are freely available from https://ohnlp.github.io/MedTator. MedTator source code is available under the Apache 2.0 license: https://github.com/OHNLP/MedTator.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
How to promote the child welfare approach? A qualitative content analysis study in Iran
Authors: Takaffoli Marzieh , Arshi Maliheh , Vameghi Meroe , Mousavi Mir Taher , Shati Mohsen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Protecting children and developing their well-being have become a great concern in Iran. But policies and services for in-need or at-risk children often follow unintegrated and even incongruous approaches. To address this gap, this study aimed to develop a promoted approach to child welfare to integrate the practices and policies. The conventional qualitative content analysis was applied to in-depth interviews conducted with child welfare experts in Iran. Purposeful and theoretical sampling was used until data saturation was gained by fifty-six qualitative interviews. The interviews were analysed simultaneously using MAXQDA 2018 software. Findings of the study present an approach to reform and promote child welfare in Iran, including four main categories: (i) custodianship of government to child welfare issues; (ii) the holistic, universal and systemic approach to the child welfare system, (iii) child-centred approach; and (iv) family-centred approach. According to the experts’ opinion, in the first place, it is necessary to accept the government’s custodial and responsible role for children that allow authorities to intervene in families regarding children’s best interests. Also, the child-centred approach should be addressed more profoundly and both family-centred and child-centred approaches should be developed concurrently and intently.
A genuine interindividual variability in number and anatomical localization of face-selective regions in the human brain
Authors: Gao Xiaoqing , Wen Minjie , Sun Mengdan , Rossion Bruno 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have reported regions with more neural activation to face than nonface stimuli in the human occipitotemporal cortex for three decades. Here we used a highly sensitive and reliable frequency-tagging functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm measuring high-level face-selective neural activity to assess interindividual variability in the localization and number of face-selective clusters. Although the majority of these clusters are located in the same cortical gyri and sulci across 25 adult brains, a volume-based analysis of unsmoothed data reveals a large amount of interindividual variability in their spatial distribution and number, particularly in the ventral occipitotemporal cortex. In contrast to the widely held assumption, these face-selective clusters cannot be objectively related on a one-to-one basis across individual brains, do not correspond to a single cytoarchitectonic region, and are not clearly demarcated by estimated posteroanterior cytoarchitectonic borders. Interindividual variability in localization and number of cortical face-selective clusters does not appear to be due to the measurement noise but seems to be genuine, casting doubt on definite labeling and interindividual correspondence of face-selective “areas” and questioning their a priori definition based on cytoarchitectony or probabilistic atlases of independent datasets. These observations challenge conventional models of human face recognition based on a fixed number of discrete neurofunctional information processing stages.
Compassionate Use of REGEN-COV® in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Immunodeficiency-Associated Antibody Disorders
Authors: Stein David , Oviedo-Orta Ernesto , Kampman Wendy A , McGinniss Jennifer , Betts George , McDermott Margaret , Holly Beth , Lancaster Johnathan M , Braunstein Ned , Yancopoulos George D , Weinreich David M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Patients with immunodeficiency-associated antibody disorders are at a higher risk of prolonged/persistent COVID-19 infection, having no viable treatment options.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of patients with primary and/or secondary immunodeficiency-associated antibody disorders who received casirivimab and imdevimab (REGEN-COV®) under emergency compassionate use. Objective were to describe safety and response to REGEN-COV, focusing on the subset of patients who had COVID-19 duration ≥21 days before treatment.

Results
Quantitative (change in oxygenation status and/or viral load) and/or qualitative (physician-reported clinical status) outcomes data are reported from 64 patients. Improvement in ≥1 outcome was observed in 90.6% of the overall patient group. Thirty-seven of these had COVID-19 duration ≥21 days before treatment; median time from diagnosis to REGEN-COV treatment was 60.5 days. Of the 29 patients with COVID-19 duration ≥21 days before treatment and available outcome data, 96.6% showed improvement in ≥1 outcome. In the 14 patients with post-treatment reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results available, 11 (78.6%) reported a negative RT-PCR following treatment, with 5 (45.5%) and 8 (72.7%) patients reporting a negative RT-PCR within 5 days and 21 days of treatment, respectively. Ten of 85 patients (11.8%) experienced serious adverse events; only one was an infusion-related reaction, possibly related to REGEN-COV. Two deaths were reported; neither were attributed to REGEN-COV.

Conclusions
In this retrospective analysis of immunodeficient patients granted REGEN-COV under emergency compassionate use, REGEN-COV treatment was associated with rapid viral clearance and clinical improvement in patients with longstanding COVID-19. Adverse events were consistent with COVID-19 and its associated complications, and due to patients’ concurrent medical conditions.
Herpes Simplex Virus 2 Meningitis in Adults: A Prospective, Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Jakobsen Anna , Skov Marie Thaarup , Larsen Lykke , Trier Petersen Pelle , Brandt Christian , Wiese Lothar , Hansen Birgitte Rønde , Lüttichau Hans Rudolf , Tetens Malte Mose , Helweg-Larsen Jannik , Storgaard Merete , Nielsen Henrik , Bodilsen Jacob 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Data on the clinical presentation are scarce and prognostic factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) meningitis remain unknown.

Methods
Prospective, nationwide, population-based database identifying all adults treated for HSV-2 meningitis at departments of infectious diseases in Denmark from 2015 to 2020. Unfavorable outcome was defined as Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores of 1–4 and Extended GOS scores of 1–6. Modified Poisson regression was used to compute relative risks with 95% confidence intervals for unfavorable outcome.

Results
HSV-2 meningitis was diagnosed in 205 patients (76% female; median age [interquartile range (IQR)], 35 [27–49] years) yielding an incidence of 0.7/100 000 population/y. Common symptoms were headache (195 of 204 patients [95%]), photophobia or phonophobia (143 of 188 [76%]), and neck stiffness (106 of 196 [54%]). The median (IQR) time to lumbar puncture was 2.0 (1–4.8) hours, and the median cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leukocyte count was 360 (166–670) × 10 × 6/L, with a mononuclear predominance of 97% (91%–99%). Lumbar puncture was preceded by brain imaging in 61 of 205 patients (30%). Acyclovir or valacyclovir was administered in 197 of 205 patients (96%) for a median (IQR) of 10 (7–14) days. Unfavorable outcome was observed in 64 of 205 patients (31%) at discharge and 19 of 181 (11%) after 6 months and was not associated with female sex (relative risk [95% confidence interval], 1.08 [.65–1.79]), age ≥35 years (1.28 [.83–1.97]), immunocompromise (1.07 [.57–2.03]), or CSF leukocyte count &gt;1000 × 10 × 6/L (0.78 [.33–1.84]).

Conclusions
HSV-2 meningitis often presented as meningeal symptoms in younger women. Unfavorable outcome at discharge was common and was not associated with sex, age, immunocompromise, or CSF leukocyte count. Sequelae persisted beyond 6 months in one-tenth of patients.
Parent–offspring and inter-offspring responses to conspecific versus heterospecific distress calls in 2 sympatric birds
Authors: Jiang Yuxin , Han Jingru , Zhang Ziqi , Chen Xiangyang , Yang Canchao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Distress calls, as a type of alarm call, play important roles in expressing bodily condition and conveying information concerning predation threats. In this study, we examined the communication via distress calls in parent–offspring and inter-offspring interactions. First, we used playback of chick distress calls of 2 sympatric breeders, the vinous-throated parrotbill Sinosuthora webbiana and the oriental reed warbler Acrocephalus orientalis, to the adults/chicks of these 2 species, respectively, and measured the responses of conspecifics or heterospecifics. The playback-to-chicks experiment showed that both species of chicks reduced the number of begging calls and begging duration time as a response to conspecific/heterospecific distress calls compared with natural begging and background noise controls. However, reed warbler chicks also reduced beak opening frequency in the response to conspecific distress calls compared with other playback stimuli. Second, the results of the playback-to-adults experiment showed that reed warbler adults could eavesdrop on distress calls of conspecific neighbors and sympatric heterospecifics. Furthermore, the nest-leaving behavior of reed warblers did not differ significantly when they heard the distress calls of conspecifics or parrotbills. Finally, reed warbler adults responded to heterospecific distress calls more quickly than to conspecific distress calls, and parrotbill adults presented the same response. Our results supported the warn-kin hypothesis and show that chick distress calls play an important role in conveying risk and the condition of chicks to enhance individual fitness. In addition, we also found that eavesdropping on distress calls is a congenital behavior that begins in the chick stage.
Resources for cardiovascular healthcare associated with 30-day mortality in acute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock
Authors: Ishii Masanobu , Tsujita Kenichi , Okamoto Hiroshi , Koto Satoshi , Nishi Takeshi , Nakai Michikazu , Sumita Yoko , Iwanaga Yoshitaka , Azuma Nobuyoshi , Matoba Satoaki , Hirata Ken-Ichi , Hikichi Yutaka , Yokoi Hiroyoshi , Ikari Yuji , Uemura Shiro 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimsAlthough primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and mechanical circulatory support (MCS), such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP), have been widely used for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with cardiogenic shock (AMICS), their in-hospital mortality remains high. This study aimed to investigate the association of cardiovascular healthcare resources with 30-day mortality in AMICS.Methods and resultsThis was an observational study using a Japanese nationwide administrative data (JROAD-DPC) of 260 543 AMI patients between April 2012 and March 2018. Of these, 45 836 AMICS patients were divided into three categories based on MCS use: with MCS (ECMO with/without IABP), IABP only, or without MCS. Certified hospital density and number of board-certified cardiologists were used as a metric of cardiovascular healthcare resources. We estimated the association of MCS use, cardiovascular healthcare resources, and 30-day mortality. The 30-day mortality was 71.2% for the MCS, 23.9% for IABP only, and 37.8% for the group without MCS. The propensity score-matched and inverse probability-weighted Cox frailty models showed that primary PCI was associated with a low risk for mortality. Higher hospital density and larger number of cardiologists in the responsible hospitals were associated with a lower risk for mortality.ConclusionAlthough the 30-day mortality remained extremely high in AMICS, indication of primary PCI and improvement in providing cardiovascular healthcare resources associated with the short-term prognosis of AMICS.
Patience, Risk-Taking, and Human Capital Investment Across Countries
Authors: Hanushek Eric A , Kinne Lavinia , Lergetporer Philipp , Woessmann Ludger 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Patience and risk-taking—two preference components that steer intertemporal decision-making—are fundamental to human capital investment decisions. To understand how they contribute to international skill differences, we combine Programme for International Student Assessment tests with the Global Preference Survey. We find that opposing effects of patience (positive) and risk-taking (negative) together account for two-thirds of the cross-country variation in student skills. In an identification strategy addressing unobserved residence country features, we find similar results when assigning migrant students their country-of-origin preferences in models with residence country fixed effects. Associations of national preferences with family and school inputs suggest that both may act as channels.
Overlapping effects of miR-21 inhibition and drugs for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the post-myocardial infarction setting
Authors: Aimo A , Iborra Egea O , Passino C , Emdin M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Intracoronary infusion of a specific miR-21 inhibitor after reperfused MI has been reported to reduce cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy and improve cardiac function in pigs. Possible drawbacks of anti-miR-21 therapy are the high costs of this therapy, and the need for intracoronary administration, preferably some days after reperfusion. Oral drugs with anti-fibrotic actions could have similar effects than anti-miR-21, while overcoming the limitations of anti-miR-21. We tested this hypothesis by examining the two oral drugs approved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (nintedanib and pirfenidone).

Methods
We identified the regulatory profile of miR-21, which included 588 target genes. Only 99 of these interactions were supported by information from reporter gene assays. The biological significance of these 99 targets was evaluated through over-representation analysis, and 13 genes were identified as potentially related to cardiovascular diseases. We retrieved all known targets and main downstream interactions of nintedanib and pirfenidone from Drugbank. Finally, we cross-validated these datasets by using neural network analyses to search for protein-protein interactions, focusing on those shared by miR-21 inhibition, nintedanib and pirfenidone.

Results
Nintedanib and anti-miR21 had many targets in common, which could indicate an overlap in their corresponding mechanisms of action. The proto-oncogene SRC, which participates in gene transcription, immune response, apoptosis and migration, emerged as the leading signaling effector. By blocking SRC expression and many downstream effectors of SRC, as well as platelet-derived growth factor, nintedanib could decreased miR-21 expression. The molecular effects of nintedanib include inhibition of inflammation, fibrosis and angiogenesis, and then ultimately a relief from I/R injury, in a similar fashion than anti-miR-21. Contrary to nintedanib, no overlap between the effects of pirfenidone and anti-miR-21 was found.

Conclusion
Because of the remarkably strong overlapping with the targets of miR-21, there is a stronger rationale to assess nintedanib than pirfenidone as a cardioprotective therapy. If confirmed by experimental evidence, nintedanib could enter the stage of clinical trials to assess its efficacy in human patients with STEMI.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.