bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Functional Effect of Alternative Surgical Techniques Used in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Xavier Rui , Azeredo-Lopes Sofia , Menger Dirk Jan , Carvalho Henrique Cyrne de , Spratley Jorge 
Published: July 2022

Rhinoplasty makes use of a combination of surgical techniques selected to address the specific requirements of each individual nose. Several different surgical techniques may be used for addressing each section of the nose, with possible different functional effects. Objective: The purpose of this investigation is to compare the functional effect of the different surgical techniques used for addressing each section of the nose. Methods: Prospective study of 57 consecutive rhinoplasty patients. Patients were evaluated with peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF), Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for nasal obstruction before and 1 year after rhinoplasty. Additionally, esthetic evaluation of the nose was obtained with Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation (ROE). According to the surgical technique used to address each portion of the nose, groups of patients were created and the functional improvement of these groups was compared. Results: Using the TukeyHSD multiple pairwise-comparison test, the estimated difference of the increase of PNIF between using spreader grafts and using spreader flaps was 94.9 (95% CI 24.3, 165.5, P = .004) between spreader grafts and neither grafts or flaps was 79.2 (95% CI 5.8, 152.6, P = .03), between spreader grafts and bilateral spreader flaps plus a unilateral spreader graft was 90.2 (95% CI 22.1, 158.2, P = .005). In all other portions of the nose, no significant difference was found in the functional improvement between different surgical techniques. Conclusions: Spreader grafts increase PNIF more significantly than other surgical techniques used for dorsal mid-vault reconstruction. Spreader grafts should be preferred over other techniques whenever an improvement of nasal airflow is required. No significant differences were found between the functional effect of alternative techniques used in other sections of the nose. Additional cohort studies will be necessary to further confirm data from this investigation.
Clinical Features and Headache Diagnoses in Patients With Chief Complaint of Craniofacial Pain
Authors: Plawecki Andrea M. , Saleem Abdulmalik , Zvirbulis Dace , Peterson Edward L. , Yoo Frederick , Ali Ashhar , Craig John R. 
Published: July 2022

Objectives:Investigate the use of nasal endoscopy, sinus imaging, and neurologic evaluation in patients presenting to a rhinologist primarily for craniofacial pain.Methods:This was a retrospective analysis of consecutive outpatients presenting to a rhinologist between 2016 and 2019 with chief complaints of craniofacial pain with or without other sinonasal symptoms, who were then referred to and evaluated by headache specialists. Data analyzed included sinusitis symptoms, Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) scores (and facial pain subscores), pain location, nasal endoscopy, computed tomography (CT) findings, and headache diagnoses made by headache specialists.Results:Of the 134 patients with prominent craniofacial pain, the majority of patients were diagnosed with migraine (50%) or tension-type (22%) headache, followed by multiple other non-sinogenic headache disorders. Approximately 5% of patients had headaches attributed to sinusitis. Amongst all patients, 90% had negative nasal endoscopies. Patients with negative endoscopies were significantly less likely to report smell loss ( P = .003) compared to those with positive endoscopies. Poor agreement was demonstrated between self-reported pain locations and sinus findings on CT (kappa values < 0.20). Negative nasal endoscopy showed high concurrence with negative CT findings (80%-97%).Conclusions:Patients presenting with chief complaints of craniofacial pain generally met criteria for various non-sinogenic headache disorders. Nasal endoscopy was negative in 90% of patients, and CT demonstrated poor agreement with pain locations. Nasal endoscopy and CT shared high concurrence rates for negative sinus findings. The value of nasal endoscopy over sinus imaging in craniofacial pain evaluation should be explored in future studies.
Factors Associated with Growth in India’s International Reserves: VECM Analysis
Authors: Sreeram Latha , Sayed Samie Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

This study empirically examines the determinants of India’s international reserves in the long run and in the short run with seven other macroeconomic variables using the vector error correction model. The Johansen co-integration results indicate a positive long-run relationship between international reserves holdings and broad money M3 and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and negative relationship with external debt. The Granger causality test outcome also verifies the results, demonstrating that increase in broad money supply and FDI inflows are the reason for the accumulation in international reserves in India in the long run. M3 demonstrated a higher influence on international reserves suggesting that monetary policy is used widely in regulating the international reserves in India. This study also estimated the short-run dynamics and the tendency of the variables to reinstate to its long-run equilibrium. The error correction term coefficient entails a moderately low level of adjustment of international reserves holding, indicating that it is the other reason that the level of international reserves holding in India is high in the short run. JEL Codes: E51, F31, F41
British Gastroenterologists' Care Profile for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Need for a Patients' Charter
Authors: Probert C S J , Jayanthi V , Mayberry J F 
Published: July 2022

The follow-up of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was investigated using a postal questionnaire sent to 359 members of the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG), of whom 235 replied. Of patients with IBD, 96% were weighed on each outpatient clinic review and over 60% had their full blood count checked. Although few centres (20%) have computerized recall of their patients for cancer surveillance, 96% did perform such surveillance on patients with ulcerative colitis. The mean duration of disease before surveillance was initiated was 9.6 years. Most clinicians (80%) only surveyed patients with disease extending beyond the transverse colon. Despite recent work on cancer risk age is relatively unimportant to 76% of clinicians in their decision to screen or not. Only 24% of clinicians undertake cancer surveillance in patients with Crohn's disease but these use similar criteria in their selection of patients. Few other tests were performed regularly. Clinic services vary considerably from centre to centre, 62% offer open access to patients with IBD, 8% have a stoma nurse in clinic and 17% a dietitian. Eighty-four per cent of respondents provide educational books and 22% videos. Forty-four per cent of clinicians refer patients for advice to fellow sufferers. We believe there should be a uniform minimum standard of care and services available in clinics throughout the United Kingdom and propose a patients' charter to ensure that this occurs. Such care profiles provide guidelines to those who need to develop standards for resource management.
Selecting Anaesthetists: The Use of Psychological Tests and Structured Interviews
Authors: Reeve P E , Vickers M D , Horton J N 
Published: July 2022

To test the predictive validity of a selection system for Senior House Officers (SHOs) and registrars in anaesthetics, 140 doctors short-listed from 635 applications between 1980 and 1987 were assessed by a semi-structured interview assessed and a personality questionnaire (Cattell 16PFQ-form C). The 62 doctors selected were followed up for between 3 and 8 years. Future performance was predicted from the psychological tests and by the interviewers. Academic, clinical, behavioural, and overall performance were used as criteria of outcome. Correlation coefficients between prediction and outcome measures were statistically highly significant ( P<0.01). Using multiple regression, equations could be derived from five of the Cattell personality factors to predict overall performance. Personality measures discriminated significantly between the best and poorest performers. Interview predictions were also statistically significant ( P<0.01). The method provides a blueprint for the effective selection of junior anaesthetists. Wastage in terms of those leaving the specialty was 16%.
Data Collection and Complication Rates in Clinical Audit
Authors: Eardley Ian , Doyle Patrick T , Bullock K Nigel 
Published: July 2022

Audit data were collected continuously between February 1988 and July 1991. For the initial period (February 1988–June 1990) data were collected by monitoring of ward admission and discharge records and by collecting data from operating theatre records whilst complications were noted in a ‘complications book’ which was kept on the notes trolley. In July 1991, when a computerized system for storing and processing audit data was introduced into the department, the methods of data collection changed. For each patient a proforma was attached to the clinical notes which was filled in at each stage of the hospital stay. On this proforma was a list of possible complications which were ticked, as appropriate, at the time of discharge from hospital. We have reviewed the results of clinical audit during these two periods. The number of operations performed per month fell slightly in the latter period ( p=0.005). However, there was a significant increase in both the number of complications ( p<0.0001) and in the complication rate ( p<0.0001). Further analysis showed that there was a similar increase in the number of recorded major and minor complications, and that this increase was also seen even when changes in medical personnel were accounted for. We suggest that the increased complication rate recorded in the latter period reflects the change in the method of data collection. This has important implications when comparing outcome measures for clinical departments.
Sodium oxybate for the maintenance of abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients: An international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Guiraud Julien , Addolorato Giovanni , Antonelli Mariangela , Aubin Henri-Jean , de Bejczy Andrea , Benyamina Amine , Cacciaglia Roberto , Caputo Fabio , Dematteis Maurice , Ferrulli Anna , Goudriaan Anna E , Gual Antoni , Lesch Otto-Michael , Maremmani Icro , Mirijello Antonio , Nutt David J , Paille François , Perney Pascal , Poulnais Roch , Raffaillac Quentin , Rehm Jürgen , Rolland Benjamin , Rotondo Claudia , Scherrer Bruno , Simon Nicolas , Skala Katrin , Söderpalm Bo , Somaini Lorenzo , Sommer Wolfgang H , Spanagel Rainer , Vassallo Gabriele A , Walter Henriette , van den Brink Wim 
Published: July 2022

Background: Sodium oxybate (SMO) has been shown to be effective in the maintenance of abstinence (MoA) in alcohol-dependent patients in a series of small randomized controlled trials (RCTs). These results needed to be confirmed by a large trial investigating the treatment effect and its sustainability after medication discontinuation. Aims: To confirm the SMO effect on (sustained) MoA in detoxified alcohol-dependent patients. Methods: Large double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in detoxified adult alcohol-dependent outpatients (80% men) from 11 sites in four European countries. Patients were randomized to 6 months SMO (3.3–3.9 g/day) or placebo followed by a 6-month medication-free period. Primary outcome was the cumulative abstinence duration (CAD) during the 6-month treatment period defined as the number of days with no alcohol use. Secondary outcomes included CAD during the 12-month study period. Results: Of the 314 alcohol-dependent patients randomized, 154 received SMO and 160 received placebo. Based on the pre-specified fixed-effect two-way analysis of variance including the treatment-by-site interaction, SMO showed efficacy in CAD during the 6-month treatment period: mean difference +43.1 days, 95% confidence interval (17.6–68.5; p = 0.001). Since significant heterogeneity of effect across sites and unequal sample sizes among sites ( n = 3–66) were identified, a site-level random meta-analysis was performed with results supporting the pre-specified analysis: mean difference +32.4 days, p = 0.014. The SMO effect was sustained during the medication-free follow-up period. SMO was well-tolerated. Conclusions: Results of this large RCT in alcohol-dependent patients demonstrated a significant and clinically relevant sustained effect of SMO on CAD. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04648423
Significance of circRNAs as biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Luyuan , Lu Mengting , Li Wenyu , Fan Runge , Wen Sijian , Xiao Wen , Lin Youkun 
Published: July 2022

Objective To comprehensively evaluate the significance of circular RNAs (circRNAs) as potential diagnostic biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) via pooled analyses of data from published studies that focussed on the association between circRNAs and SLE. Methods The systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration No. CRD42021229383). Relevant studies published before 3 April 2022 were selected to verify the relationship between circRNA expression levels and SLE. Extracted data were analysed using a random-effects model with Meta-DiSc 1.4 and Stata 16 software. Transcription factors related to hsa_circ_0000479 and its parental gene were extracted from the TRCirc and hTFtarget databases, respectively. Results A total of 10 studies, involving 438 patients with SLE and 434 controls, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio of circRNAs in detecting SLE were 0.66 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63, 0.70), 0.79 (95% CI 0.76, 0.82), and 10.80 (95% CI 6.58, 17.73), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.8366. Conclusions Meta-analysis of pooled data indicated a moderate accuracy of circRNAs in diagnosing SLE. The exact diagnostic value of circRNAs and the mechanisms of interaction between circRNAs and their parental genes should be confirmed in further studies.
Galcanezumab modulates Capsaicin-induced C-fiber reactivity
Authors: Basedau Hauke , Oppermann Thalea , Gundelwein Silva Elisa , Peng Kuan-Po , May Arne 
Published: July 2022

Background The vasodilatory calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP) is understood as pivotal mediator in migraine pathophysiology. Blocking CGRP with small molecules or monoclonal antibodies (CGRP-mAb) reduces migraine frequency. However, prescription of CGRP-mAbs is still regulated and possible predictive measures of therapeutic success would be useful. Methods Using standardized capsaicin-induced dermal blood flow model, 29 migraine patients underwent a laser speckle imaging measurement before and after administration of galcanezumab. At both sessions dermal blood flow before and after capsaicin stimulation as well as flare size were analyzed over all three trigeminal branches and the volar forearm for extracranial control. Long-term measures were repeated in 14 patients after continuous treatment ranging from 6 to 12 months. Results Resting dermal blood flow remained unchanged after administration of galcanezumab. Capsaicin-induced dermal blood flow decreased significantly after CGRP-mAb in all tested areas compared to baseline and this was consistent even after 12 months of treatment. However, following galcanezumab administration, the flare size decreased only in the three trigeminal dermatomes, not the arm and was therefore specific for the trigemino-vascular system. None of these two markers distinguished between responders and non-responders. Conclusion CGRP-mAb changed blood flow response to capsaicin stimulation profoundly and this effect did not change over a 12-month application. Neither capsaicin-induced flare nor dermal blood flow can be used as a predictor for treatment efficacy. These data suggest that the mechanism of headache development in migraine is not entirely CGRP-mediated.
Variations in maximum urethral closure pressure in stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Taboada-Lozano David Fernando , Guerrero-Reyes Guadalupe , Gutiérrez-González Adrian , Hernández-Velázquez Ricardo , Alcaraz-Contreras Berenice , Pallares-Méndez Rigoberto 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Urethral Pressure Profilometry (UPP) assesses the urethral closing function. The literature is scarce regarding the change in the Maximum Urethral Closure Pressure (MUCP) values during Pelvic Floor Muscle Contraction (PFMC). The objective was to evaluate the change in the urethral closure pressure (UCP) at rest and during a PFMC in patients with Stress Urinary Incontinence. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive, comparative, and observational study. The study comprised female patients with either Pure Stress Urinary Incontinence (PSUI) or Complicated Stress Urinary Incontinence (CSUI). The urethral closure pressure was measured at rest and during PFMC using urethral profilometry. The effect of the pelvic musculature contraction was evaluated by comparing the changes in the indicated values. Results: Patients with pure stress urinary incontinence had a mean age of 57.18 ± 10.74 years ( p = 0.12), while those with complicated stress urinary incontinence had a mean age of 58.26 ± 14.39 years ( p = 0.12). UCP in PSUI was 58.58 ± 26.96 cmH2O at rest compared to 61.26 ± 34.17 cmH2O in CSUI ( p = 0.59), with MUCP increasing to 73.93 ± 31.51 and 79.71 ± 36.26 cmH2O during PFMC ( p = 0.001). Between the two measurements, there was an average rise of 26.2% (range 26.2%−32.59%) ( p = 0.001). MUCP during PFM contractions was found to be inversely associated to age ( r = −0.28, p = 0.007). Conclusion: The urethral pressure profile is the same for all types of urinary stress incontinence, whether simple or complicated. When comparing UCP at rest to MUCP during PFMC, there is at least a functional 25% increase.
Study on a variable wall thickness profile of electric scroll compressor used for automobile air conditioner
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Wu Jianhua , Wang Che , Zhong Hua , Zhao Zibo 
Published: July 2022

Profile design plays an important role in improving the performance and reliability of scroll compressors. To expand design ideas of variable wall thickness profile (VWTP) of electric scroll compressor used for automobile air conditioner, a method to generate and modify VWTP is developed in this paper. The VWTP is generated according to the generalized profile theory and modified with symmetrical arc modification (SAM) and symmetrical arc plus line modification (SAPLM) at the central part. To make sure that the generated VWTP can form scroll profile, the generation conditions for coefficients of swing radius are discussed in detail. For the VWTP modified with SAM and SAPLM at the central part, a new way to classify scroll chambers and analyze the evolution of scroll chambers is proposed. Geometry analyses such as conjugate points on involute curves and arc segments, volume and its derivative with respect to orbiting angle are conducted as well. The generation and geometry analysis method of VWTP is validated through a design example of VWTP for electric scroll compressor with a displacement of 34 mL. The performance of the electric scroll compressor was tested through experiment and the results show that the cooling capacity can reach 7.5 kW and the COP can reach 3.0.
Antiemetic Efficacy of Prophylactic Ondansetron Versus Ondansetron with Dexamethasone Combination Therapies in Women Undergoing Breast Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shivanna Apoorva Devarahosahally , Kadni Reena R. , Tausif Syed Farzan , Zachariah Varghese K. 
Published: July 2022

Objective: To compare the prophylactic antiemetic efficacy of ondansetron monotherapy with that of the combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone in the prevention on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in breast surgeries by observing the incidence of PONV, assess the percentage of participants requiring rescue antiemetics, know the side effects of drugs, and analyze the effect of the surgical duration of breast surgeries. Methods: The group ondansetron (O) received 0.1 mg/kg IV ondansetron and the other group (ondansetron and dexamethasone combination, OD) received 0.1 mg/kg IV ondansetron and 0.1 mg/kg of dexamethasone. The incidence of PONV in the first 24 h, percentage of population receiving rescue antiemetics, surgical duration, and hemodynamic parameters were noted. Results: In the 0 h to 6 h postoperative period, 38.9% of participants of group O had PONV, whereas only 13.9% in group OD had PONV, which was statistically significant ( P < .016). About 30.6% of study population in group O and 8.3% in group OD required rescue antiemetics which was statistically significant ( P = .017). Surgical duration of more than 120 min had a statistically significant higher incidence of PONV in the O group with a P-value of .048. Conclusion: The combination of prophylactic ondansetron with dexamethasone is more efficacious than ondansetron alone for the prevention of PONV in women undergoing breast surgeries.
The Association Between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Serum Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide (CAMP) Levels Among Tuberculosis Patients in Comparison with Control Subjects
Authors: Belur Kiran , Arunachalam Prema , Raveendran Jamuna Rani 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: To compare the serum vitamin D and serum cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) levels among tuberculosis patients and healthy subjects and to determine the association between serum vitamin D and cathelicidin in tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study carried out at the pulmonary medicine and pediatrics departments of a tertiary care hospital in Chengalpattu. The study included 180 tuberculosis cases and 90 control subjects of both sexes between the age group of 1 to 80 years. Serum was used to estimate vitamin D and CAMP. The study was analyzed using SPSS version 21 (IBM Corp. Armonk, New York). The results were evaluated using the chi-square test at a 95% confidence interval, and P value <.05 was considered highly significant. Results: This study observed vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D insufficiency, and optimum vitamin D among 55%, 41%, and 3.89% tuberculosis cases, respectively. Similarly, vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D insufficiency, and optimum vitamin D were seen in 40%, 50%, and 10% healthy controls, respectively. Conclusion: This study found no association between serum vitamin D and serum CAMP levels in tuberculosis patients and healthy controls.