bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of B-Cell Lymphoma 2 and BCL2-Associated X Polymorphisms on the Survival of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients: Application of Frailty Survival Models
Authors: Nikmohammadi Navideh , Sarbakhsh Parvin , Moazami Goudarzi Mozghan , Talebi Mehdi , Farshdousti-Hagh Majid , Malakouti Jamileh , Gilani Neda 
Published: April 2022

Background: B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) and BCL-2 associated X (BAX) polymorphisms are important in the apoptosis process, response to treatment and survival in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) patients. We aimed to investigate the effect of these genes with other predictors corresponding to the survival of ALL patients with an appropriate frailty survival model.
Methods: Our study was performed in 2020 on sixty-two cases of childhood aged 3-16 (year) with ALL disease who were selected by convenience sampling from the two hospitals of Tabriz, Iran. RFLPPCR method was used for genotyping the promoter region of the BAX and BCL-2 genes. We used different frailty survival models, to control heterogeneity between individuals due to unmeasured factors affecting their survival. All analyses were implemented using Stata 16.
Results: Based on the result of log-logistic model along with frailty gamma, the proportional odds (standard error) of survival for a CC allele of BCL-2 patient compared to a AA allele patient were 6.0 (1.47); P<0.001 and for a AC of BCL-2 allele patient were 0.57 (1.23); P=0.009. Patients with AG allele of BAX had 2.05 (1.26) times greater odds of surviving than a AA allele patient (P=0.003). The odds of survival of patients with abnormal white blood cell (WBC) were 92% less than normal WBC (P<0.001).
Conclusion: With controlling unmeasured factors affecting, the BCL-2 and BAX genes promoter polymorphism are effective in the survival rates for ALL.
Indonesian English Teachers’ Voices on the Revitalization Program at Vocational Schools
Authors: Kailani Ahmad , Rafidiyah Dina 
Published: April 2022

This research reports on the results of an interview study of nine English teachers at vocational schools (VS) in Indonesia. The study aimed to explore English teachers’ voices of the revitalization program at VS’s in Indonesia. The study shed the light on two major issues of English teaching and learning at VS’s concerning revitalization program implementation. The two main themes were the use of specific technology in the language classroom and video mediated language learning in vocational English classroom.The results indicated that most of teachers more preferably used social media for teaching than utilizing a learning management system (LMS). Teachers have used video mediated teaching method for their English classes either self-production videos or a ready-made video from the internet. English for business was also introduced to students to equip them with basic knowledge for a job selection The results have implications for the implementation of revitalization programs in particular the revitalization of vocational English teaching and learning at SMK.
MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT Salmonella sp. ISOLATED FROM SEVERAL CHICKEN FARMS IN WEST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Hardiati Aprilia , Safika Safika , Pasaribu Fachriyan Hasmi , Wibawan I Wayan Teguh 
Published: April 2022

This study was aimed at isolating and identifying Salmonella sp. and then conducting an antibiotics susceptibility test in order to detect resistant genes. One hundred and five chicken cloaca swab samples were used in this study. 30 samples were taken from a layer farm in Bogor, 45 from a broiler farm in Sukabumi and 30 from a broiler farm in Cianjur. In order to isolate and identify the bacteria, a tetrathionate broth was used, which was then cultured in a Salmonella-Shigella agar, and finally a Gram stain and biochemical test was conducted. To confirm the presence of Salmonella sp., a pair of primers were used for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to determine the presence of the invA gene.. An antibiotics susceptibility test was used with the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Nine antibiotics were used in this study. Each primer pair was used for the detection of tetA, blaTEM, aac(3)-IV, gyrA and ermB genes, and for genes encoding antibiotic resistance a PCR test was used. Eight (7.6%) Salmonella sp. were isolated in this study. All isolates showed positive results with PCR confirmation. The results of the antibiotics susceptibility test showed that Salmonella sp. isolates were resistant to tetracycline (75%), oxytetracycline (75%), amphicillin (75%), gentamycin (12.5%), nalidixic acid (100%), ciprofloxacin (12.5%), enrofloxacin (0%), erythromycin (100%), and chloramphenicol (0%). The distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in Salmonella sp. were tetA (33.3%), blaTEM (100%), aac(3)-IV (0%), gyrA (100%) and ermB (0%) positive. In conclusion, Salmonella sp. was isolated. All isolates showed positive results in the PCR confirmation. Salmonella sp. isolates were resistant to tetracycline, oxytetracycline, amphicillin, gentamycin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin. Only the tetA, blaTEM, and gyrA genes were detected in Salmonella sp. isolates.
QT interval instability and variability in dogs with naturally-occurring hypercortisolism
Authors: Vila Beatriz de Carvalho Pato , Vanhoni Marcela Sigolo , Sousa Marlos Gonçalves 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hypercortisolism is one of the most common endocrine diseases in dogs. In humans, it is clearly associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events, but studies in dogs are scarce. To investigate the arrhythmogenic risk of dogs with naturally-occurring hypercortisolism (NOHC), indices of variability and instability of the QT interval were retrospectively studied in 38 dogs with NOHC and prospectively studied in 12 healthy dogs: variance (QTv), total instability (TI), short-term (STI) and long-term (LTI), and mean (QTm). Except for QTm, all parameters studied were higher in the NOHC group than in the control group. In addition, STI and QTv showed moderate positive correlation with left ventricle wall thickness. The NOHC group was subdivided according to cortisol suppression pattern in the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test. All electrocardiographic indices of partial and absent suppression patterns were numerically higher than healthy dogs. QTv and TI were lower in the control group than in both NOHC subgroups. LTI and STI were lower in the CG than in the group with the partial suppression pattern. There was no statistical difference between sex groups in any of the electrocardiographic parameters studied. This result might indicate that the etiology of NOHC, and its consequent influence on hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis could interfere on the heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization parameters in different ways, especially in the short-term and the long-term stability; however further studies are necessary to understand the role of cortisol on electrical instability in dogs.
Modeling flip-flops based on molecular diode structures
Authors: SAFAPOUR SALEH , Sabbaghi Reza , RAZAGHIAN FARHAD , SHOKRI ALIASGHAR 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Conventional semiconductor components can be used for modeling and simulating molecular structures, so the progress in molecular electronics can be accelerated by creating a link between molecular electronics and semiconductor technology. Little work has been done so far on molecular electronic modeling. The present work attempts to focus on molecular electronic modeling by proposing a typical model and discussing its theory. Moreover, the circuit components used for modeling the molecules are introduced. An asymmetric oligo phenylene ethynylene (OPE) molecular diode and a four-benzene molecular diode are designed using the presented typical model. Furthermore, using LTspice software, the currents are obtained from the model and molecules for both OPE molecular diode and four-benzene molecular diode to confirm their appropriate performance. Then transmission spectrum, potential drop profile, and rectification ratio are obtained and analyzed for the four-benzene molecular diode using Atomistix ToolKit (ATK) software. Finally, various molecular gates and molecular memory logic circuits including NOT, NAND, NOR, SR Flip Flop, and D flip-flop are designed using the four-benzene molecular diode model.
Analog Neuromorphic Circuit for Spontaneous Ca2+ Oscillations
Authors: Câmara Beatriz Oliveira , Guimarães Janaina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work proposes for the first time an analog neuromorphic circuit architecture of the spontaneous Ca 2+ oscillations in astrocytes. Spontaneous oscillatory behavior is not dependent on synaptic stimulation, thus suggesting that astrocytes can act as a primary source in generating neuronal activity. Transistor differential pairs are used to implement an approximation to the nonlinear sigmoidal biological functions. The circuit architecture is validated through simulation and its dynamical bevahior is compared against the mathematical model using a phase diagram analysis. Results show a satisfactory fit. Finally, the spontaneous oscillations generated by the proposed circuit are used to successfully simulate the release of glutamate and ATP. Keywords: Astrocyte, Neuromorphic, Spontaneous Oscillations, Analog, Circuit
What shapes the gut microbiome of lizards from different habitats?
Authors: Vasconcelos Diana , Harris D. J. , Damas-Moreira Isabel , Pereira Ana , xavier raquel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Host-gut microbiota interactions are complex and can have a profound impact on the ecology and evolution of both counterparts. Several host traits such as taxonomy, diet and social behavior, and external factors such as prey availability and local environment are known to influence the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. In this study, we investigated the influence of taxonomy, sex, host size, locality/habitat on gut microbiota diversity in five lizard species from two different sites in Portugal. We also analyzed the potential levels of microbial transmission between species that live in sympatry and syntopy. We studied Podarcis bocagei and Podarcis lusitanicus from northern Portugal (Moledo); and two invasive species, Podarcis siculus and Teira dugesii, and the native Podarcis virescens from Lisbon. We used a metabarcoding approach to characterize the bacterial communities from the cloaca of lizards, sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA. Habitat/locality was found to be the main driver of the differences in composition and structure of gut bacterial communities of the studied lizards, with host effects more evident at finer taxonomic scales. Additionally, lizards from urbanized environments had higher microbiome diversity than lizards from rural areas. We detected a significant positive correlation between size and gut bacterial alpha-diversity in the invasive species P. siculus, which could be due to higher exploratory behaviours. Moreover, estimates of bacterial transmission indicate that P. siculus may have acquired a high proportion of local microbiota. These findings indicate that a diverse array of host and environmental factors can influence lizards gut microbiota.
Neurocognitive functioning and quality of life in patients receiving radiotherapy for intracranial meningiomas. Systematic review
Authors: González Noelia Sánchez , Gonçalves Jesús María , Perea María Victoria , García Ricardo , de Oca Juan Carlos Roa Montes , Ladera Valentina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work is aimed at analyzing the neurocognitive functioning (NF) and the quality of life (QoL) of adult subjects with meningioma treated with primary and / or adjuvant radiotherapy.The following databases were searched: Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Medline, Psychology Database, PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, from January 2020 to June 2021. 11 out of the 1992 articles initially identified met the inclusion criteria. An own registry protocol was applied to encode works features and quality of studies and journals where articles were published was evaluated via a self-made scale based on previously validated instruments. The results indicate that most of the studies that assessed NF did not show changes in various cognitive domains after the end of primary and / or adjuvant radiotherapy, nor in the follow-up period: 3, 6, and 12 months after the end of treatment. However, those that assessed QoL did observed a deterioration after the end of therapy, but an improvement during the follow-up: 3, 6, and 12 months after the end of treatment. In general, adult patients suffering from meningioma perform well in the long term (up to 12 months) after primary and / or adjuvant therapy, both in NF and QoL. Future research is necessary to study more deeply this scope of work since the results to date are heterogeneous.
Effects of a Moodle-based E-learning Management System on E-collaborative Learning, Perceived Satisfaction, and Study Achievement among Nursing Students: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chen Yi-Chang , Chen Chen- Jung , Lee Mei-Yin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aims
To determine whether the use of a Moodle-based learning management system (LMS) for educational purposes can significantly improve e-collaborative learning, perceived satisfaction, and study achievement among nursing students in a pediatric nursing course.
Background
Studies suggest that in nursing education, electronic Moodle-based LMSs may be more effective than traditional face-to-face teaching, as they lead to learning outcomes that equal or exceed those of face-to-face teaching. Therefore, nursing education methods and pedagogy should be modified accordingly.
Design:
Nonrandomized pretest–posttest quasiexperimental design.
Methods
Third-year nursing students in a medical college in northern Taiwan were recruited and nonrandomly assigned to non-Moodle and Moodle groups. Students in the former received traditional classroom teaching without the use of Moodle, while those in the latter completed the course through both Moodle and classroom lectures.
Results
Eighty-four students (52 in the non-Moodle group and 32 in the Moodle group) completed both the pretest and posttest. For perceived satisfaction, e-collaborative learning, and study achievement, the overall test results indicated a significant difference in the posttest between the two groups (F (1,82) = 10.62, P = 0.002), (F (1,82) = 9.48, P = 0.003), (F (1,82) = 59.30, P < 0.001, respectively). The explanatory power η2 reached 11.5%, 10.4%, and 42.0%, respectively.
Conclusion
The students who used Moodle showed significantly higher levels of perceived satisfaction, e-collaborative learning, and study achievement in the pediatric nursing course. Moodle-based LMSs for educational purposes can serve as effective complementary learning tools for pediatric nursing courses.
Associated Maternal and Fetal Factors of Fetal Congenital Heart Diseases Diagnosed by Fetal Echocardiography
Authors: Ruan Yanping , Xie Zan , Liu Xiaowei , He Yihua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
Current studies have suggested that fetal congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are caused by various factors. However, few data is available with respect to the aspect in China. This study aimed to detect associated maternal and fetal factors of fetal CHD in a large sample in China.
Study Design:
Pregnant women who underwent fetal echocardiography (N = 5024) were recruited in our hospital between May 2018 and September 2019. Of these, 875 pregnant women had fetuses with CHD. The maternal sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics and some fetal factors were obtained. We used forward stepwise logistic regression analysis to assess the associations of fetal CHD with various factors.
Results
Among the fetal CHD group (N = 875), critical CHDs account for 27%, of which Tetralogy of Fallot is the most (7.1%), followed by coarctation of aorta (4.0%), Double-outlet right ventricle (2.9%). The forward stepwise logistic regression models revealed that gravidity (OR = 1.32, 95%CI 1.21–1.43, P = 0.000), upper respiratory tract infection during early pregnancy (OR = 1.30, 95%CI 1.04–1.63, P = 0.021), mental stress during early pregnancy (OR = 2.87, 95%CI 1.35–5.92, P = 0.006), single umbilical artery (OR = 2.46, 95%CI 1.24–4.85, P = 0.010), and parental smoking (OR = 1.20, 95%CI 1.00-1.45, P = 0.048) are positively associated with an increased risk of fetal CHD.
Conclusion
We identified two maternal factors and two fetal factors positively associated with fetal CHD.. These findings suggest that it is important to strengthen healthcare and prenatal counseling for women with these factors.
A hybrid technology platform integrating 2D materials
and ferroelectric gate stacks: from steep
slope logic switches to neuromorphic applications
Authors: Kamaei Sadegh , Liu Xia , Saeidi Ali , Wei Yingfen , Gastaldi Carlotta , Brugger Juergen , Ionescu Adrian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The demand for low power, large-scale integration, and novel functionality has been increasing since the emergence of
the internet of things (IoT) and Edge Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications requiring real-time energy-efficient information processing. In this work, the integration of doped high-k ferroelectric and linear high-k dielectric gate stacks with 2D material systems is developed as a versatile technological solution for building robust energy-efficient electronic functions. In this context, we report the co-integration of three major types of devices, offering the first 2D hybrid platform supporting the co-design of energy-efficient Von-Neumann and neuromorphic circuits. The negative capacitance (NC) of the ferroelectric layer is used in our platform as a technology booster to achieve significantly improved subthermionic electronic switches. The performance of four types of logic switches on this platform: 2D MOSFET, 2D/2D TFET, NC 2D MOSFET, and NC 2D/2D TFET, are reported, showing superior performance of NC devices compared to their conventional baseline 2D MOSFET and 2D/2D TFET. Importantly, this work shows the first NC 2D/2D TFET integrated with NC 2D MOSFET that achieves an average swing of 50 mV/dec over 2.5 decades of current for TFET and 45 mV/dec over 3 decades of ID for MOSFET. Furthermore, we exploit the same ferroelectric gate stacks on 2D devices to build artificial synapses and our platform demonstrates a good capability to mimic various synapse behaviors including long-term potentiation, long-term depression, and spike-amplitude-dependent plasticity. This prototypical demonstration paves the way toward practical implementations of 2D platforms in emerging Edge AI technologies, enabling energy-efficient operation, high integration density, and excellent scalability while co-integrating for the first time logic switches and neuromorphic devices.
Prospective cohort study of the treatment of non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva with a fractional Carbon Dioxide laser
Authors: Wei Dongmei , Chen Yueyue , Yang Jie , Hu Yue , Niu Xiaoyu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of fractional Carbon Dioxide laser treatment on non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva was investigated and compared with that of electrostimulation of smooth muscle; This study prospectively included 80 patients with non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva, including 40 cases of lichen simplex chronicus and 40 cases of lichen sclerosus, Each group contained 20 cases of chronic lichen simplex chronicus and 20 cases of lichen sclerosus. One group was treated via fractional Carbon Dioxide laser (the laser treatment group) while the other group was treated via electrostimulation of smooth muscle (the electrostimulation group). The treatments were completed according to the routine clinical treatment cycle, and outpatient follow-up visits were performed 3, 6, and 12 months after the completion of treatment. The efficacies were scored according to the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGI-C) scale and the clinical efficacy rating scale.The PGI-C scores of the laser treatment group at 3, 6, and 12 months after the completion of the treatment were significantly superior to those of the electrostimulation group (P< 0.05 for all time points). The scores based on the clinical efficacy rating scale showed that the 2 groups had no statistically significant difference in overall efficacy, but the total effective rate in the laser treatment group was higher than that in the electrostimulation group 3 months (90.00% vs 77.50%), 6 months (87.50% vs 72.50%), and 12 months (87.50% vs 67.50%) after the completion of treatment. Comparison of pathological subtypes between these 2 groups found that in the laser treatment group, patients with lichen simplex chronicus had higher PGI-C scores and clinical efficacy scores than did patients with lichen sclerosus. Fractional Carbon Dioxide laser treatment can achieve a better therapeutic effect than can electrostimulation of smooth muscle for the treatment of non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva. In addition, fractional Carbon Dioxide laser treatment achieved superior subjective improvement and clinical efficacy for the treatment of lichen simplex chronicus.
The clinicopathological characteristics, MRI features, and radiation dose of radio-induced brain necrosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients
Authors: Dong Jun , Zhong Minggu , Peng Yinglin , Mao Siyue , Chen YuKun , Duan Hao , Wu Suwen , Wu Yi , Gu Jiyong , Li Zhibin , Cui Enming , Wen Jun , Liu Shulan , Liu YuJie , Wei Ronglue , Liu Junying , Luan Zhongqin , Feng Zize , Peng Yilong , Zhang Wenguang , Dong Jiajun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Radio-induced brain necrosis is a late-onset radiotherapy complication, especially in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. We presented the clinicopathological characteristics, dynamic changes of MRI features, and radiation dose in the areas of radio-induced brain necrosis, which will shed light on preventing this severe radiotherapy complication. Methods: We retrospectively collecting and reanalyzing clinical, imaging, radiation plans and pathological data from 48 NPC patients diagnosed with radio-induced brain necrosis and underwent craniotomy. To calculate the radiation dose in the areas of radio-induced brain necrosis, we reviewed the radiation plan of each patient and delineated the volume of the radio-induced brain necrosis. We also mapped the dynamic changes of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and performed CD3, CD31, CD68, CD11b, Ki67, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and HE staining on radio-induced brain necrosis specimens to observe pathological changes. Results: The mean latency period for radio-induced brain necrosis was 9.23 years. According to the radiotherapy plans, the mean radiation dose for NPC was 7041±553 cGy. The mean dose to the radio-induced brain necrosis area was 5684.57±409.99 cGy. The necrotic areas exhibited high-intensity signals on T2-weighted images (WIs) and low-intensity signals on T1WIs over time. HE staining showed that the necrotic areas contained irregular fibers and inflammatory cells. The immunohistochemical results showed CD3(+), CD31(+), CD68(+), CD11b(+), Ki67(+), and TUNEL(+) cells in radio-induced brain necrosis specimens. Conclusions: NPC patients who underwent radiotherapy and survived more than 5 years with hyperintense signals in temporal lobes in the T2WI should be paid close attention to radio-induced brain necrosis. A radiation dose no more than 5684.57±409.99 cGy in temporal lobes of NPC patients is recommended.