bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping the functional anatomy and topography of the cardiac autonomic innervation for selective cardiac neuromodulation using MicroCT
Authors: Kronsteiner Bettina , Zopf Lydia M. , Heimel Patrick , Oberoi Gunpreet , Kramer Anne M. , Slezak Paul , Weninger Wolfgang J. , Podesser Bruno K. , Kiss Attila , Moscato Francesco 
Published: September 2022

Background: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has gained great importance as a promising therapy for a myriad of diseases. Of particular interest is the therapy of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure or atrial fibrillation using selective cardiac VNS. However, there is still a lack of organ-specific anatomical knowledge about the fascicular anatomy and topography of the cardiac branch (CB), which diminishes the therapeutic possibilities for selective cardiac neuromodulation. Here, we established a topographical and anatomical map of the superior cardiac VN in two animal species to dissect cervical and cardiac VN morphology.Methods: Autonomic nerves including superior CBs were harvested from domestic pigs and New Zeeland rabbits followed by imaging with microcomputed tomography (µCT) and 3D rendering. The data were analyzed in terms of relevant topographical and anatomical parameters.Results: Our data showed that cardiac vagal fascicles remained separated from other VN fascicles up to 22.19 mm (IQR 14.02–41.30 mm) in pigs and 7.68 mm (IQR 4.06–12.77 mm) in rabbits from the CB point and then started merging with other fascicles. Exchanges of nerve fascicles between sympathetic trunk (ST) and VN were observed in 3 out of 11 nerves, which might cause additional unwanted effects in unselective VNS. Our 3D rendered digital model of the cardiac fascicles was generated showing that CB first remained on the medial side where it branched off the VN, as also shown in the µCT data of 11 pig nerves, and then migrated towards the ventromedial site the further it was traced cranially.Conclusion: Our data provided an anatomical map of the cardiac vagal branches including cervical VN and ST for future approaches of selective cardiac neurostimulation, indicating the best position of selective cardiac VNS just above the CB point.
Direct preparation of solid carbon dots by pyrolysis of collagen waste and their applications in fluorescent sensing and imaging
Authors: Qin Xiaoyun , Fu Cuicui , Zhang Jin , Shao Wenlong , Qin Xiaomei , Gui Yanghai , Wang Lan , Guo Huishi , Chen Fenghua , Jiang Liying , Wu Gang , Bikker Floris J. , Luo Dan 
Published: September 2022

The fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) have found their extensive applications in sensing, bioimaging, and photoelectronic devices. In general terms, the synthesis of CDs is straight-forward, though their subsequent purification can be laborious. Therefore, there is a need for easier ways to generate solid CDs with a high conversion yield. Herein, we used collagen waste as a carbon source in producing solid CDs through a calcination procedure without additional chemical decomposition treatment of the raw material. Considering a mass of acid has destroyed the original protein macromolecules into the assembled structure with amino acids and peptide chains in the commercial extraction procedure of collagen product. The residual tissues were assembled with weak intermolecular interactions, which would easily undergo dehydration, polymerization, and carbonization during the heat treatment to produce solid CDs directly. The calcination parameters were surveyed to give the highest conversion yield at 78%, which occurred at 300°C for 2 h. N and S atomic doping CDs (N-CDs and S-CDs) were synthesized at a similar process except for immersion of the collagen waste in sulfuric acid or nitric acid in advance. Further experiments suggested the prepared CDs can serve as an excellent sensor platform for Fe3+ in an acid medium with high anti-interference. The cytotoxicity assays confirmed the biosafety and biocompatibility of the CDs, suggesting potential applications in bioimaging. This work provides a new avenue for preparing solid CDs with high conversion yield.
Homogeneously niobium-doped MoS2 for rapid and high-sensitive detection of typical chemical warfare agents
Authors: Jiang Huaning , Wang Huaizhang , Shangguan Yanlei , Chen Jingfei , Liang Ting 
Published: September 2022

Rapid detection of Chemical Warfare Agents (CWAs) is of great significance in protecting civilians in public places and military personnel on the battlefield. Two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets (NSs) can be integrated as a gas sensor at room temperature (25°C) due to their large specific surface area and excellent semiconductor properties. However, low sensitivity and long response-recovery time hinder the pure MoS2 application in CWAs gas sensors. In this work, we developed a CWAs sensor based on in-situ niobium-doped MoS2 NSs (Nb-MoS2 NSs) via direct chemical-vapor-deposition (CVD) growth. Characterization results show that the high content of Nb elements (7.8 at%) are homogeneously dispersed on the large-area 2D structure of MoS2. The Nb-MoS2 NSs-based CWAs sensor exhibits higher sensitivity (−2.09% and −3.95% to 0.05 mg/m3 sarin and sulfur mustard, respectively) and faster response speed (78 s and 30 s to 0.05 mg/m3 sarin and sulfur mustard, respectively) than MoS2 and other 2D materials at room temperature. And the sensor has certain specificity for sarin and sulfur mustard and is especially sensitive to sulfur mustard. This can be attributed to the improvement of adsorption properties via electronic regulation of Nb doping. This is the first report about CWAs detection based on two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) sensing materials, which demonstrates that the high sensitivity, rapid response, and low limit of detection of 2D TMDs-based CWAs sensor can meet the monitoring needs of many scenarios, thus showing a strong application potential.
The interactions between traditional Chinese medicine and gut microbiota: Global research status and trends
Authors: Yang Shanshan , Hao Shaodong , Wang Qin , Lou Yanni , Jia Liqun , Chen Dongmei 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThere is a crosstalk between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and gut microbiota (GM), many articles have studied and discussed the relationship between the two. The purpose of this study is to use bibliometric analysis to explore the research status and development trends of the TCM/GM research, identify and analyze the highly cited papers relating to the TCM/GM.MethodsA literature search regarding TCM/GM publications from 2004 to 2021 was undertaken on August 13, 2022. The main information (full record and cited references) of publications was extracted from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) of Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The Bibliometrix of R package, CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used for bibliometric analysis.ResultsA total of 830 papers were included. The publication years of papers were from 2004 to 2021. The number of papers had increased rapidly since 2018. China had the most publications and made most contributions to this field. Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were in the leading productive position in TCM/GM research, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences had the highest total citations (TC). Duan Jin-ao from Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine had the largest number of publications, and Tong Xiao-lin from China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences had the most TC. The Journal of Ethnopharmacology had the most published papers and the most TC. The main themes in TCM/GM included the role of GM in TCM treatment of glucolipid metabolism diseases and lower gastrointestinal diseases; the mechanism of interactions between GM and TCM to treat diseases; the links between TCM/GM and metabolism; and the relationship between GM and oral bioavailability of TCM.ConclusionThis study gained insight into the research status, hotspots and trends of global TCM/GM research, identified the most cited articles in TCM/GM and analyzed their characteristics, which may inform clinical researchers and practitioners’ future directions.
Comparison of long-term cardiovascular and renal outcomes between percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting in multi-vessel disease with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Kwon Woochan , Choi Ki Hong , Jeong Dong Seop , Lee Sang Yoon , Lee Joo Myung , Park Taek Kyu , Yang Jeong Hoon , Hahn Joo-Yong , Choi Seung-Hyuk , Chung Su Ryeun , Cho Yang Hyun , Sung Kiick , Kim Wook Sung , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Lee Young Tak , Song Young Bin 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to analyze cardiac and renal outcomes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with multi-vessel disease who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Materials and methodsChronic kidney disease patients with multi-vessel disease who underwent CABG or PCI were retrospectively selected from our database and divided into the PCI group [further stratified into PCI with complete revascularization (PCI-CR) and PCI with incomplete revascularization (PCI-IR) groups] and the CABG group. The primary endpoint was the composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke at 5 years. The key secondary endpoint was the 5-year rate of the renal composite outcome, defined as &gt;40% glomerular filtration rate decrease, initiation of dialysis, and/or kidney transplant. Outcomes were compared using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, and the results were further adjusted by multivariable analyses and inverse probability weighting.ResultsAmong the study population (n = 798), 443 (55.5%) patients received CABG and 355 (44.5%) patients received PCI. Compared with the CABG group, the PCI group had similar risk of the primary endpoint (CABG vs. PCI, 19.3% vs. 24.0%, HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 0.95–1.73, p = 0.11) and a lower risk of the renal composite outcome (36.6% vs. 31.2%, HR: 0.74, 95% CI 0.58–0.94, p = 0.03). In addition, PCI-IR was associated with a significantly higher risk of the primary endpoint than CABG (HR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.11–2.13, p = 0.009) or PCI-CR (HR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.09–2.89, p = 0.02). However, PCI-CR had a comparable 5-year death, MI, or stroke rate to CABG (HR: 0.86, 95% CI 0.54–1.38, p = 0.54).ConclusionCoronary artery bypass grafting showed an incidence of death, MI, or stroke similar to PCI but was associated with a higher risk of renal injury. PCI-CR had a prognosis comparable with that of CABG, while PCI-IR had worse prognosis. If PCI is chosen for revascularization in patients with CKD, achieving CR should be attempted to ensure favorable outcomes.Clinical trial registration[clinicaltrials.gov], identifier [NCT 03870815].
High-normal liver enzyme levels in early pregnancy predispose the risk of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Yi , Sheng Chen , Wang Dingmei , Chen Xiaotian , Jiang Yuan , Dou Yalan , Wang Yin , Li Mengru , Chen Hongyan , He Wennan , Yan Weili , Huang Guoying 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundGestational hypertension (GH) and preeclampsia (PE) are severe adverse gestational complications. Previous studies supported potential link between elevated liver enzyme levels and GH and PE. However, given the transient physiological reduction of liver enzyme levels in pregnancy, little is known whether the associations of the high-normal liver enzyme levels in early pregnancy with GH and PE exist in pregnant women.MethodsPregnant women in this study came from a sub-cohort of Shanghai Preconception Cohort, who were with four liver enzyme levels examined at 9–13 gestational weeks and without established liver diseases, hypertension and preeclampsia. After exclusion of pregnant women with clinically-abnormal liver enzyme levels in the current pregnancy, associations of liver enzyme levels, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), with GH and PE status were assessed by multivariable log-binomial regression. Population attributable fraction was measured to estimate the fractions of GH and PE that were attributable to the high-normal liver enzyme levels.ResultsAmong 5,685 pregnant women 160 (2.8%) and 244 (4.3%) developed GH and PE, respectively. After adjustment for potential covariates, higher ALP, ALT and GGT levels were significantly associated with the risk of GH (adjusted risk ratio (aRR):1.21 [95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.38]; 1.21 [1.05–1.38]; and 1.23 [1.09–1.39]), as well as the risk of PE(1.21 [1.13–1.29]; 1.15 [1.03–1.28]; 1.28 [1.16–1.41]), respectively. The cumulative population attributable fraction of carrying one or more high-normal liver enzyme levels (at 80th percentile or over) was 31.4% for GH and 23.2% for PE, respectively.ConclusionHigher ALT, ALP and GGT levels within the normal range in early pregnancy are associated with increased risk of GH and PE. The documented associations provide new insight to the role of hepatobiliary function in GH and PE pathogenesis.
Characterization of the sex-specific pattern of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in aortic stenosis
Authors: Matilla Lara , Martín-Núñez Ernesto , Garaikoetxea Mattie , Navarro Adela , Vico Julieta Anabela , Arrieta Vanessa , García-Peña Amaia , Fernández-Celis Amaya , Gainza Alicia , Álvarez Virginia , Sádaba Rafael , López-Andrés Natalia , Jover Eva 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveWe aim to analyze sex-related differences in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in aortic valves (AVs) and valve interstitial cells (VICs) from aortic stenosis (AS) patients.Approach and ResultsTotally 230 patients (59% men) with severe AS undergoing surgical valve replacement were recruited. The density of total neovessels was higher in AVs from men as compared to women. Both small and medium neovessels were more abundant in men's AVs. Accordingly, male AVs exhibited higher CD31 and VE-cadherin expressions. The levels of the pro-angiogenic markers, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF receptor (VEGFR)1, VEGFR2, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2), interleukin (IL)-8, chemerin, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-7, were increased in AVs from men. Transforming growth factor-β expression was higher in male AVs. The expression of antiangiogenic molecules thrombospondin (Tsp)-1, endostatin, and CD36 was upregulated in male AVs, although the levels of Tsp-2, IL-4, IL-12p70, and chondromodulin-1 were similar between both sexes. The number of lymphatic vessels and the expression of the lymphangiogenic markers Lyve-1 and D2-40 was higher in men's AV as well as VEGF-C, VEGF-D, and VEGFR3. Multivariate analyses adjusted for confounders further validated the sex-dependent expression of these targets. VICs isolated from men's AVs secreted higher amounts of the pro-angiogenic factors, VEGF-A, VEGFR1, IGFBP-2, and FGF-7, as well as the pro-lymphangiogenic factors, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, and VEGFR3, than women without changes in antiangiogenic markers.ConclusionOur data show that aberrant angiogenic and lymphangiogenic cues are over-represented in male AVs. Importantly, the VIC is a relevant source of multiple morphogens involved in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis likely endowing the AV of men with the predominant calcific AS phenotypes.
Testing the use of continental standardized growth curves (SGCs) for De estimation on coarse quartz grains from Lake Woods, Northern Australia
Authors: Rui Xue , Li Bo , Cohen Tim J. 
Published: September 2022

Using continental SGCs built by Fu et al. (2020) can save significant machine time for constructing SGCs when compared to traditional SGC methods, which need significantly more time for building sample-specific or regional SGCs. In this study, the reliability of continental SGCs is tested using coarse quartz grains (180–212 µm) from Lake Woods in Northern Australia. De values obtained by continental SGCs are consistent with De values obtained by regional SGCs and by the SAR procedures.
Pumped storage hydropower in an abandoned open-pit coal mine: Slope stability analysis under different water levels
Authors: Liu Feiyue , Yang Ke , Yang Tianhong , Gao Yuan , Li Jinduo , Liu Qinjie , Fu Qiang 
Published: September 2022

Many coal mines are being abandoned for economic and environmental reasons in China. The repurposing of abandoned open-pit coal mines into pumped storage hydropower (PSH) can help with the storage of renewable energy, improve mine environments, and provide added economic value. Construction of PSH plant will change the water level of the abandoned pit, which is envisaged as the lower reservoir, thus influencing the slope stability. In this study, the Fushun West Open-Pit coal mine was taken as an example. Borehole investigation and tilt photogrammetry were used to obtain the rock mass quality and volume of the abandoned pit. A natural lake, dumps, and another open-pit mine are envisaged as the upper reservoir, which could bring 40, 3,200, and 2,000 MW electricity installed capacity, and −295 m, −200 m, and −150 m water levels in the lower reservoir. The numerical analysis software GeoStudio was used for slope stability analysis considering the hydraulic effect under different water levels. A potential landslide risk may happen in several zones under specific water levels. Further imperviousness and reinforcement work is needed to guarantee slope stability for PSH plant construction in the Fushun West Open-Pit coal mine.
Early glucose metabolism in children at risk for type 1 diabetes based on islet autoantibodies compared to low-risk control groups
Authors: Helminen Olli , Pokka Tytti , Aspholm Susanna , Ilonen Jorma , Simell Olli , Knip Mikael , Veijola Riitta 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAnatomic variation or early differences in glucose metabolism have been linked to the development of type 1 diabetes. We aimed to describe early glucose metabolism based on HbA1c, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and random plasma glucose years before the presentation of type 1 diabetes in five risk groups based on autoantibody combinations. For the first time, we were able to include for comparison children with very low risk of progression to type 1 diabetes.MethodsThe Finnish Diabetes Prediction and Prevention birth cohort study screened newborn infants for HLA susceptibility to type 1 diabetes since 1994. Those carrying a risk genotype were prospectively followed up with islet autoantibody testing. Glucose parameters were obtained starting from the time of seroconversion. By 31 August 2014, 1162 children had developed at least one islet autoantibody and were included in the current study. Type 1 diabetes was diagnosed in 335 children (progressors). In the non-progressor groups, 207 developed multiple (≥2) biochemical islet autoantibodies, 229 a single biochemical autoantibody, 370 ICA only, and 64 transient autoantibodies. Children were divided into five risk groups. Glucose metabolism was evaluated.ResultsWe observed lower HbA1c values in early follow-up 4.5 to 6.0 years before diagnosis in the progressors when compared to the same time in children with a single biochemical autoantibody or low-risk (ICA only and transient) participants, who did not progress to clinical type 1 diabetes. However, no such differences were observed in OGTTs or random plasma glucose. The variation was minimal in glucose values in the low-risk groups.ConclusionWe report the possibility of early alteration in glucose metabolism in future progressors. This could suggest early defects in multiple glucose-regulating hormones.
Multiple tachykinins and their receptors characterized in the gastropod mollusk Pacific abalone: Expression, signaling cascades, and potential role in regulating lipid metabolism
Authors: Lee Seungheon , Kim Mi Ae , Park Jong-Moon , Park Keunwan , Sohn Young Chang 
Published: September 2022

Tachykinin (TK) families, including the first neuropeptide substance P, have been intensively explored in bilaterians. Knowledge of signaling of TK receptors (TKRs) has enabled the comprehension of diverse physiological processes. However, TK signaling systems are largely unknown in Lophotrochozoa. This study identified two TK precursors and two TKR isoforms in the Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai (Hdh), and characterized Hdh-TK signaling. Hdh-TK peptides harbored protostomian TK-specific FXGXRamide or unique YXGXRamide motifs at the C-termini. A phylogenetic analysis showed that lophotrochozoan TKRs, including Hdh-TKRs, form a monophyletic group distinct from arthropod TKRs and natalisin receptor groups. Although reporter assays demonstrated that all examined Hdh-TK peptides activate intracellular cAMP accumulation and Ca2+ mobilization in Hdh-TKR-expressing mammalian cells, Hdh-TK peptides with N-terminal aromatic residues and C-terminal FXGXRamide motifs were more active than shorter or less aromatic Hdh-TK peptides with a C-terminal YXGXRamide. In addition, we showed that ligand-stimulated Hdh-TKRs mediate ERK1/2 phosphorylation in HEK293 cells and that ERK1/2 phosphorylation is inhibited by PKA and PKC inhibitors. In three-dimensional in silico Hdh-TKR binding modeling, higher docking scores of Hdh-TK peptides were consistent with the lower EC50 values in the reporter assays. The transcripts for Hdh-TK precursors and Hdh-TKR were highly expressed in the neural ganglia, with lower expression levels in peripheral tissues. When abalone were starved for 3 weeks, Hdh-TK1 transcript levels, but not Hdh-TK2, were increased in the cerebral ganglia (CG), intestine, and hepatopancreas, contrasting with the decreased lipid content and transcript levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP). At 24 h post-injection in vivo, the lower dose of Hdh-TK1 mixture increased SREBP transcript levels in the CG and hepatopancreas and accumulative food consumption of abalone. Higher doses of Hdh-TK1 and Hdh-TK2 mixtures decreased the SREBP levels in the CG. When Hdh-TK2-specific siRNA was injected into abalone, intestinal SREBP levels were significantly increased, whereas administration of both Hdh-TK1 and Hdh-TK2 siRNA led to decreased SREBP expression in the CG. Collectively, our results demonstrate the first TK signaling system in gastropod mollusks and suggest a possible role for TK peptides in regulating lipid metabolism in the neural and peripheral tissues of abalone.
A feasibility study on Balarbhita for advancing rural electrification with a solar—Micro-hydro hybrid system
Authors: Kanna R. Rajesh , Singh R. Raja 
Published: September 2022

The study analyzed the techno-economic feasibility of a village in the Indian state of Assam and designs a framework for a rural hybrid energy system. Through an extensive resource evaluation, techno-economic feasibility analysis and system size optimization are carried out using HOMER Pro software. Batteries are being used as a form of energy storage in the community power system, which is based on solar PV and micro-hydro as its principal energy sources. Macro-economic variables and resource variations have been considered in sensitivity analysis to ensure the robustness and commercial viability of the proposed hybrid energy systems. A reliable and economical design can provide 279861 kWh of electricity for the village at a modest cost of energy (COE) of $0.0953/kWh using 118 kW of solar power, 11 kW of hydropower, and 261 kWh of battery storage. Furthermore, solar energy systems account for about 62.5 percent, while micro-hydro turbines account for 37.5 percent. In addition, the suggested system does not pollute the local environment caused by carbon emissions. Most importantly, this hybrid energy system is capable of providing 24/7 continuous electricity to the site under consideration.