bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Tolerance Assessment of Milk Fat Globule Membrane-enriched Infant Formulas in Healthy Term Chinese Infants: A Randomised Multicenter Controlled Trial
Authors: Jiang BoWen , Xia Yong , Zhou LiHong , Liang Xiaoying , Chen XuHui , Chen Meizhen , Li Xiaoxia , Lin Shan , Zhang Nai , Zheng Ling , Tao Miao , Petocz Peter , Gallier Sophie , Rowan Angela , Wang Bing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), natural to breast milk, is essential for neonatal development, but lacking from standard infant formulas Objectives: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of MFGM supplementation in formula for infants 0 to 12 months. Methods: In a prospective, multicentre, double-blind, randomized trial, healthy term infants were randomized to a standard formula (SF, n = 104) or an MFGM-enriched formula (MF, n = 108) for 6 months and a corresponding follow-on formula until 12 months. Exclusively breast-fed infants (n = 206) were recruited as the reference group (BFR). Tolerance and safety events were recorded continuously. Anthropometric measurements were assessed at enrolment, 42 days and 4, 6, 8 and 12 months. Results: Infants (n=375) completed the study with average dropout of < 20%. Stool frequency, color, and consistency between SF and MF were not significantly different throughout, except the incidence of loose stools in MF at 6 months being lower than for SF (odds ratio 0.216, P < 0.05) and the frequency of green-colored stools at 12 months being higher in MF (CI 95%, odds ratio 8.92, P < 0.05). The BFR had a higher frequency of golden stools and lower rate of green stools (4-6 months) than the two formula-fed groups (P < 0.05). SF displayed more diarrhoea (4.8%) than MF (1%) and BFR (1%) at the 8-month visit (P < 0.05). BFR (0-1%) had significantly less (P < 0.05) lower respiratory infections than MF (4.6-6.5%) and SF (2.9-5.8%) at 6- and 8-months, respectively. Formula intake, frequency of spit-up/vomiting or poor sleep were similar between SF and MF. Growth rate (g/day) was similar at 4, 6, 8 and 12 months between the 3 groups, but growth rate for BFR was significantly higher than for SF and MF at 42 days (95% CI, P = 0.001).Conclusions: MFGM-enriched formula was safe and well-tolerated in healthy term infants between 0 and 12 months, and total incidences of adverse events were similar to that for the SF group. A few differences in formula tolerance were observed, however these differences were not in any way related to poor growth.
A pilot, feasibility randomised, controlled trial comparing walking exercise against pendulum leg swinging exercise in adults with osteoarthritis of the knee.
Authors: Huang Lixia , Xia Zhidao , Esser Patrick , Dawes Helen , Wade Derick , Song Jiuhong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background.In China, swinging the leg backwards and forwards is a commonly used therapy for people with osteoarthritis of the knee. One rationale is that movement without weightbearing may increase the range of movement by allowing a greater range of pian-free movement at the knee. There have been no studies evaluating its effectiveness. Before undertaking a large trial, a pilot study is needed to establish feasibility and an estimate of the sample size needed.Methods.This will be a parallel-group, assessor-masked, randomised, controlled study comparing the effect of pendulum leg swinging against an equivalent time of walking exercise. Patients will be recruited from the outpatient and inpatient orthopaedic surgery services in a large, class III general hospital in Wuhan, China. To be selected they must have clinically diagnosed osteoarthritis of the knee. Patients will be excluded if they have additional knee disease, have had hip or knee arthroplasty or a tibial osteotomy, are taking steroids or have done so in the preceding three months, have another illness affecting mobility or participation in the study, are pregnant, or have a body mass index (BMI) over 36. They will be allocated randomly using sealed, prefilled envelopes on a 1:1 basis. Data will be collected by masked observers at baseline and 12 weeks. Measures include the Oxford Knee Score, the six-minute walking distance, pain measured on a numerical rating scale, the 30 second sit-to-stand test, quadriceps muscle strength, and accelerometer data. Feasibility data will record data-completion rates, recruitment and retention rates, adherence with treatment, and patient experience including adverse events. The two interventions will involve a gradual increase of exercise between baseline and 6 weeks with a further six weeks at the level set for each patient. Data analysis will be descriptive, with comparative analysis on outcome measures to give an estimate of sample size needed in a full trial.Discussion.Swinging the leg like a pendulum combines exercise and movement of the knee without bearing weight. Exercise is known to give some benefit but it is not known whether joint movement without weight-baring has any beneficial effect. A large trial would be needed. This trial will establish how feasible it might be to undertake a large trial.Trial registration details.Registry: Chinese Clinical Trial RegistryNumber: ChiCTR2100051275Date: 17th September 2021URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/historyversionpuben.aspx?regno=ChiCTR2100051275
Dynamic equilibrium of the sustainable ecosystem variables
Authors: Perroni Marcos G. , Veiga Claudimar Pereira da , Su Zhaohui , Ramos Fernando Maciel , Silva Wesley Vieira da 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Strategies for achieving sustainability equilibrium between human activity and nature are essential to the global and local scenario. Our work highlights the importance of restoring the stability between economic activity and nature. Developing indicators to monitor this equilibrium is necessary to reduce uncertainty in formulating strategies, decisions, or actions. The Matrix decomposition analysis (MDA) adapts the Leontief input-output equations for the disaggregated structural decomposition of key performance indicators (KPI). At the farm level, three experiments denominated “marginal exponentiation” are proposed to compare the MDA with the Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). RMarkdown was used for methodological operationalization. Data science steps are coded in specific chunks, applying a layered process with modeling and successive analyses such as descriptive statistics, correlation, cluster, and Linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Given the results, we may argue that the MDA is a Leontief partial equilibrium model that produces indicators with dual interpretation, enabling measurement of the dynamic equilibrium of the sustainable ecosystem variables. The method offers a new ranking system that detects relative changes in the use of resources correlated with efficiency analysis. MDA might provide a new robust ranking system capable of detecting relative changes in the use of resources that can be applied to input-output relationships of many organizations. We found that MDA can identify if a given ecosystem is in equilibrium and that the instability can be caused by the excessive use of resources or abnormal productivity.
The privilege of I- SCAN over white light Endoscopy in the diagnosis of Portal HypertensiveGastropathy in an Egyptian population.
Authors: Marwan Ahmed , Gaheen Mahmoud , Moniem Sawsan M. Abdel , Elshazly Tarek Amin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Endoscopic imaging of Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy (PHG) depends on white light endoscopy (WLE). Sometimes WLE may miss many lesions and may cause misinterpretation of findings, leading to delayed or inefficient therapeutic modalities. The aim was to assess the privilege of using I-SCAN over conventional WLE in the diagnosis of PHG among liver cirrhosis patients. One hundred fifty-three patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension were examined endoscopically with both conventional WLE and I-SCAN modes (1, 2 &3).Results: I-SCAN modes were able to define PHG with higher cut off value for the platelets count and lower cut off values for Portal Vein diameter and splenic size. I-SCAN 2 &3 almost share the ability to detect the red color of the blood vessels, capillaries and submucosal hemorrhage. All I-SCAN modes showed statistically significant difference against WLE in detection of mosaic pattern in fundus of the stomach (P<0.001) with both I-SCAN 1 &2 having the highest true positive rate (95.3%). I-SCAN 2 was the best mode to detect mosaic pattern compared to WLE and other I-SCAN modes with sensitivity 95.3%, specificity 51.9% and accuracy 87.7%. Regarding red spots detection, I-SCAN 2 was the only mode with statistically significant difference against WLE. Although, I-SCAN 3 had the highest true positive rate (75.6%) versus (69.3%) for I-SCAN 2. Both I-SCAN 2 &3 shared sensitivity value 100%. But; regarding the specificity I-SCAN 2 was 52.8% against 39.6% for I-SCAN 3. I-SCAN 3 detected more positive cases with red spots of PHG (72.1%) than WLE and other I-SCAN modes. Regarding the severity both I-SCAN 2 &3 detected the same number of cases with severe red spots (16.9%). Conclusions: I-SCAN 2 is considered a better visualizing modality for PHG and its criteria (mosaic pattern & red spots) in gastric mucosa. Combining magnification technique with I-SCAN functionality could enhance the diagnostic ability depending on the gastric mucosal pit patterns and comparing it to the patterns associated with other diseases.
Dynamic analysis and optimization of a novel reconfigurable parallel mechanism
Authors: Huang Guanyu , Zhang Dan , Zou Qi , Kong Ling-Yu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a new reconfigurable parallel mechanism by applying a spatial multi-loop over-constrained mechanism is proposed. The reconfigurable parallel mechanism has 4 degrees of freedom (DOF), and its different performance indices can be continuously changed. According to its inverse kinematic model, its workspace, dexterity, and stiffness are all analyzed. This paper also establishes the dynamics model, and a novel dynamic index is proposed to optimize the proposed mechanism. With these novel performance indices, both the kinematic and the dynamic performance for this mechanism are shown to be greatly improved.
Transcriptome sequencing of PBMC reveals Hsa-miR-124-5p regulates cell cycle and metabolism of lipids via targeting CSTF2/ TXNRD1 in hearing loss patients
Authors: Zhang Dongdong , Sun Yixin , Zou Cong , Hong Yongjun , Lei Min , Wang Yue , Zeng Peiji , Wang Wei , Qi Fangyu , Cai Chengfu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHearing loss (HL) is a public health event, which seriously affects the happiness of people’s life. Hsa-miR-124-5p has not been reported in HL. This study aimed to construct a miRNA-mRNA network associated with HL.MethodsSubjects were screened through clinical audiology experiments. MiRNA-seq was performed on the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs, P-Value < 0.05, ∣log FC | ≥1) were obtained by analysis. We selected the most significantly up-regulated DEMs for research. We predicted the downstream target genes of the most significantly up-regulated DEMs through miRDB, mirDIP, mirtarbase and TargetScan databases, and four database overlapping genes were considered as downstream target genes. Enrichment analysis was performed on overlapping genes. Then, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of overlapping genes was performed through STRING database, aimed to pick out hub genes. Finally, we construct the miRNA-mRNA network.ResultsThere were 6 clinical participants, 3 hearing loss patients and 3 healthy subjects.There are 29 DEMs, of which hsa-miR-124-5p is the most significantly up-regulated DEMs. 13 downstream target genes corresponding to hsa-miR-124-5p were screened, which were significantly enriched in cell cycle and metabolism of lipids. PPI analysis was performed on 13 target genes, and two hub genes (CSTF2/ TXNRD1) were finally obtained. Most importantly, miRNA-mRNA networks containing hsa-miR-124-5p/CSTF2 and hsa-miR-124-5p/TXNRD1 were successfully constructed.ConclusionsIn summary, hsa-miR-124-5p may be a novel biomarker for hearing loss patients and play a important role in hearing loss patients by targeting CSTF2 and TXNRD1. Hsa-miR-124-5p may participate in cell cycle and metabolism of lipids biological process in hearing loss patients.
Effects and Mechanism of the Conditions of Sintering on Heavy Metal Leaching Characteristic in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash
Authors: He Sheng , Zhou Yitong , Yu Peng , Xia Xin , Yang Hongtao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash treated with toxicity metals holds enormous potential for constructure use to economize on resources and protect environment. To reach the goal, this study investigated the effects of sintering conditions on leaching characteristic of heavy metals for MSWI fly ash, especially Cr, Cr6+, Ag, and Ba, with orthogonal and Box-Benhnken design experiment, which considered grain size (D50=30, 45, and 60μm), fluxing agent (CaO=0, 2.5, and 5%), setting temperature (1000, 1050, and 1100℃), and setting time (120, 180, and 240min). The mechanism of immobilization for heavy metals was also discussed through the analyses of morphological characterizations, mineral phases, chemical composition and leaching values of metals. The results indicated that changing grain size and adding fluxing agent of CaO has positive influence on reducing the leaching of heavy metals compared with direct sintering. The leaching values of As, Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Hg, Be, Se and fluoride are not detected after sintering. Ideal sintered condition with desirability of 1.00 was predicted and optimized by Box-Benhnken response method in grain size of D50=30μm, fluxing agent of CaO=5%, setting temperature=1050℃, and setting time=180min, which immobilized Cr, Cr6+, Ag, and Ba lower than the limitation of standards. Actual experiment was consistent with numerical optimization. Furthermore, the model of leaching characteristic for heavy metals in MSWI fly ash was established to better explain the mechanism during sintering.
Role of “banker plants” in integrated Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) and Earias insulana (Boisd.) management
Authors: Mesbah Hassan A. , Massoud Magdy A. , El-Kady Magda B. , Henady zainb M. , El-bassouiny Hisham 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To reduce global warming caused by the overuse of conventional chemical pesticides used for pest management, this study tested the effectiveness of okra and corn as banker plants with Trichogramma evanescens release for the sustainable management of cotton bollworms in comparison to conventional chemical pesticides and the release of T. evanescens alone (control). We found that okra and corn with T. evanescens release were more effective in decreasing the incidence of cotton bollworms than the conventional chemical pesticides or T. evanescens alone. We also found that okra and corn encouraged the spread of bollworm natural enemies in the treated cotton fields, which had a large impact on the number of cotton bollworm larvae, thus reducing the need for conventional pesticides. Thus, banker plants combined with T. evanescens release can support agrobiodiversity and help realize the integrated management of the cotton bollworm by reducing the use of conventional chemical pesticides and contributing to global warming reduction.
A Functional Reference Map of RNF8 Interactome in Cancers
Authors: Liu Chuanyang , Kuang Jingyu , Wang Yuxuan , Duan Ting , Min Lu , Lu Chenyu , Zhang Tianyi , Chen Ruifen , Wu Ying , Zhu Lingyun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundRNF8 was an E3 ligase identiﬁed as a critical DNA damage-responsive protein. Recently, massive reports showed that RNF8 could be used as an important therapeutic target for cancer chemo/radiotherapy. However, the in-depth understanding of RNF8 remains limited for the lack of its interactome reference map and comprehensive analysis in divergent cancers, which underscore the need to identify the interactome of RNF8 via high-throughput methods. ResultsA two-way identification method based on LC-MS was designed for the identification of RNF8 interactome with high-specificity. By in silico analysis and in vitro validation, we identified a new reference map of RNF8 interactome network containing substantial new targets, such as YBX1, DNMT1, and HDCA1, new biological functions and the gene-disease associations of RNF8. Our results implied a close relationship between RNF8 and neurodegenerative diseases or tumor-infiltrating immune cells using bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq datasets. As a proof of concept of our interactome map, we validated the direct binding between RNF8 and YBX1, and showed that RNF8 catalyzed the ubiquitination of YBX. These results demonstrated that RNF8 might be a crucial regulator of YBX1.ConclusionsOur work provides a unique framework for researchers and clinicians who seek to better explore or understand RNF8-regulated biological functions in cancers. This study hopefully will facilitate rational design and further development of anti-RNF8 therapy in cancers.
Retrospective evaluation of the impact of dose escalation using pre-operative simultaneous integrated boost volumetric modulated arc therapy on the outcome of locally advanced rectal cáncer patients
Authors: Elashwah Ahmed , Alsuhaibani Abdullah , Abduljabbar Alaa , Alsanea Nasser , Alhomoud Samar , Ashari Luai , Bazarbashi Shouki , Aljubran Ali , Alzahrani Ahmed , Awad Ahmed , Almanea Hadeel , Alhussini hussah , Alshabanah Mohammed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundRadiation therapy has a well-established role in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients. Several strategies have been investigated to improve the pathological complete remission (PCR) rate including radiation dose escalation utilizing simultaneous integrated boost volumetric modulated arc therapy (SIB-VMAT) technique.Methodsevaluating the outcome of preoperative SIB-VMAT concomitant with Capecitabine to patients diagnosed with LARC who were treated at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period January 2013 - December 2019.ResultsThe study enrolled 134 patients. The median age at diagnosis was 59 (25-102) years. All patients received pre-operative concurrent chemo-radiation therapy (CCRT) using SIB-VMAT with oral capecitabine. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered prior to CCRT in 32 patients (23.9%). The dose of radiation was 55 Gy in 94 patients (70.1%), while 40 patients (29.9%) received 50 Gy. All patients completed the CCRT treatment without breaks. No records of acute and late grade III and IV toxicities. Acute toxicity grades I and II occurred in 40 patients (29.9%). Curative surgery was performed in all patients with a median interval of 11 (6-52) weeks between the end of CCRT and the date of surgery. No reported 30-days postoperative mortality and no grade III and IV Clavien-Dindo complications. PCR was reported in 26 patients (19.4%), while pathologically negative nodes (pN0) were achieved in 103 patients (76.9%). Adjuvant chemotherapy was utilized in 57 patients (42.5%). The 5-year local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were 93.2%, 67.1%, and 87.3%, respectively. Only Tumor regression grade (TRG) was significantly correlated with LRFS,(p-value 0.043). On multivariate analysis, only (TRG) and achievement of pN0 were significantly correlated with DFS,(p value<0.001).ConclusionDose escalation utilizing (SIB-VMAT) in the preoperative treatment of LARC is well tolerated and provides effective local control.
Co-evolutions of temperature and monsoonal precipitation patterns from the latest Pleistocene to the mid-Holocene in Japan: Carbonate clumped isotope record of a stalagmite
Authors: Kato Hirokazu , Mori Taiki , Amekawa Shota , Wu Chung-Che , Shen Chuan-Chou , Kano Akihiro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Quantitative paleotemperature reconstruction is a challenging and important issue in paleoenvironmental studies, for which carbonate clumped isotope (Δ47) thermometry is a promising approach. Here we analyzed Δ47 values from 66 layers of OT02 stalagmite from Ohtaki Cave in central Japan, covering two separate time intervals (2.6–8.8 and 34.8–63.5 ka) to reconstruct terrestrial temperature and meteoric δ18O records. The average Δ47 temperature of the Holocene portion of this stalagmite was 16.3°C ± 5.6°C and the average of the latest Pleistocene portion was 9.7°C ± 4.6°C. Δ47 thermometry also revealed that the coldest intervals (5°C–10°C) correspond to the Heinrich stadials HSs4–6, and the warmest interval (up to 19.9°C ± 6.0°C) in middle Holocene (approximately 6–5 ka) accompanied by the Hypsithermal climate optimum. We also reconstructed past meteoric δ18O by subtracting the temperature effect from stalagmite δ18O. Average meteoric δ18O was − 8.22‰ ± 0.99‰ VSMOW in the Holocene and − 8.81‰ ± 0.84‰ in the latest Pleistocene. Over centennial timescales, meteoric δ18O was lower during colder periods, such as Heinrich stadials and the cooling event around 7 ka, and higher in warmer periods, such as Hypsithermal warming. These relations indicated synchronicities of terrestrial paleotemperature and paleoprecipitation in our study region. A temperature dependency of total 18O fractionation from sea water to precipitation is a likely reason for the negative correlation between temperature and meteoric δ18O. Additionally, East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) brought larger rainfall of high δ18O during the warm periods, whereas larger snow/rainfall of low δ18O brought from East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) in colder periods. δ18O of OT02 had thus reflected changes in terrestrial temperature and meteoric δ18O, which are both strongly related to EASM and EAWM conflicting in a centennial timescale.
Full-length ITS Amplicon Sequencing of Feline Gut Mycobiome of Malaysian Local Breeds Using Nanopore Flongle
Authors: Tay Darren Dean , Siew Shing Wei , Kamal Shamrulazhar Shamzir , Razali Mohd Najib , Ahmad Hajar Fauzan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The gut mycobiome exhibits major influence on the gastrointestinal health and disease but received less attention due to low abundance. This study characterises the fungal community and compares the microbial diversity between indoor and outdoor cats. Genomic DNA was extracted and sequenced by targeting the full-length internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using Flongle flow cell on MinION™ sequencing platform. Results show the Ascomycota and Peniophorella were numerous in indoor cats, whereas the Basidiomycota and Pichia were abundant in outdoor cats. Peniophorella formed the core mycobiome in both feline populations. Furthermore, alpha (p-value = 0.0207) and beta diversities results (p-value = 0.009) showed significant differences between the two groups. Overall, indoor cats have greater amounts of Peniophorella, whereas outdoor cats have higher Trichosporon and unclassified Sordariaceae. The study also suggests that keeping a cat indoors or left as a stray will affect their respective gut mycobiome.