bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic counselors' response types to prenatal patient deferring or attributing religious/spiritual statements: An exploratory study of US genetic counselors
Authors: Sitaula Alina , Veach Patricia McCarthy , MacFarlane Ian M. , Lee Whiwon , Redlinger‐Grosse Krista 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResearch shows religiosity and spirituality (R/S) influence genetic counseling patients' and families' risk perception, decision‐making, and coping. No published studies have examined how genetic counselors respond to patient‐initiated R/S statements. This exploratory study examined genetic counselors' response types and reasons for their responses to two prenatal patient's R/S statements. Genetic counselors (n = 225) recruited through a National Society of Genetic Counselors eblast completed a survey containing two hypothetical scenarios regarding a prenatal patient's receipt of a trisomy 18 diagnosis. Scenarios were identical except for the last patient statement: “God makes everything possible…we leave things in his hands” (a deferring statement) or “I feel like God is punishing me for something I did” (an attributing statement). Imagining they were the counselor, participants wrote a response to each scenario and provided reasons for their response. Responses were analyzed using the Helping Skills Verbal Response System. MANOVA and chi‐square tests, examining differences in response type based on patient statement (deferring or attributing), participant comfort with R/S, and years of experience, yielded a significant multivariate effect for scenario (p < 0.001). Responses to the deferring statement scenario contained a greater proportion of content statements (p < 0.001), closed questions (p < 0.001), and information‐giving (p < 0.001). Responses to the attributing statement scenario contained a greater proportion of open questions (p = 0.05), influencing statements (p < 0.001), and affective statements (p = 0.006). Neither comfort with R/S nor genetic counseling experience significantly affected response type. Thematic analysis of reasons for responses yielded nine themes. Most prevalent were exploration (of the patient's statement), validation, correction (of patient's beliefs), and reassurance. The findings reflect stylistic differences in how and why genetic counselors respond to patients.
Maple syrup urine disease due to a paracentric inversion of chr 19 that disrupts BCKDHA: A case report
Authors: Yokoi Katsuyuki , Nakajima Yoko , Sudo Yuta , Mariya Tasuku , Kawamura Rie , Tsutsumi Makiko , Inagaki Hidehito , Yoshikawa Tetsushi , Ito Tetsuya , Kurahashi Hiroki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMaple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder of branched‐chain amino acid metabolism caused by mutations in BCKDHA, BCKDHB, and DBT that encode the E1α, E1β, and E2 subunits of the branched‐chain α‐ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKD) complex. Various MSUD‐causing variants have been described; however, no structural rearrangements in BCKDHA have been reported to cause the classic MSUD phenotype. Here, we describe the classic patient with MSUD with compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in BCKDHA: a missense variant (NM_000709.3:c.757G > A, NP_000700.1:p.Ala253Thr) and a paracentric inversion disrupting Intron 1 of BCKDHA, which was identified by whole‐genome sequencing and validated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Using the sequence information of the breakpoint junction, we gained mechanistic insight into the development of this structural rearrangement. Furthermore, the establishment of junction‐specific polymerase chain reaction could facilitate identification of the variant in case carrier or future prenatal/preimplantation tests are necessary.
Ad5‐nCoV booster and Omicron variant breakthrough infection following two doses of inactivated vaccine elicit comparable antibody levels against Omicron variants
Authors: Kong Weiya , Zhong Qingyang , Chen Mingxiao , Yu Pei , Xu Ruhong , Zhang Lei , Lai Changchun , Deng Min , Zhou Qiang , Xiong Shilong , Liang Yuemei , Wan Li , Lin Meifang , Wang Minhong , Mai Weikang , Chen Lu , Lei Yu , Qin Nan , Zhu Jianqiang , Ruan Jianfeng , Huang Qiulan , Kang An , Wang Jun , Li Wenrui , Ji Tianxing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLittle information is available for antibody levels against SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern induced by Omicron breakthrough infection and a third booster with an inactivated vaccine (InV) or Ad5‐nCoV in people with completion of two InV doses. Plasma was collected from InV pre‐vaccinated Omicron‐infected patients (OIPs), unvaccinated OIPs between 0 and 22 days, and healthy donors (HDs) 14 days or 6 months after the second doses of an InV and 14 days after a homogenous booster or heterologous booster of Ad5‐nCoV. Anti‐Wuhan‐, Anti‐Delta‐, and Anti‐Omicron‐receptor binding domain (RBD)‐IgG titers were detected using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. InV pre‐vaccinated OIPs had higher anti‐Wuhan‐, anti‐Delta‐, and anti‐Omicron‐RBD‐IgG titers compared to unvaccinated OIPs. Anti‐Wuhan‐RBD‐IgG titers sharply increased in InV pre‐vaccinated OIPs 0–5 days postinfection (DPI), while the geometric mean titers (GMTs) of anti‐Delta‐ and anti‐Omicron‐RBD‐IgG were 3.3‐fold and 12.0‐fold lower. Then, the GMT of anti‐Delta‐ and anti‐Omicron‐RBD‐IgG increased to 35 112 and 28 186 during 11–22 DPI, about 2.6‐fold and 3.2‐fold lower, respectively, than the anti‐Wuhan‐RBD‐IgG titer. The anti‐Wuhan‐, anti‐Delta‐, and anti‐Omicron‐RBD‐IgG titers declined over time in HDs after two doses of an InV, with 25.2‐fold, 5.6‐fold, and 4.5‐fold declination, respectively, at 6 months relative to the titers at 14 days after the second vaccination. Anti‐Wuhan‐, anti‐Delta‐, and anti‐Omicron‐RBD‐IgG titers elicited by a heterologous Ad5‐nCoV booster were significantly higher than those elicited by an InV booster, comparable to those in InV pre‐vaccinated OIPs. InV and Ad5‐nCoV boosters could improve humoral immunity against Omicron variants. Of these, the Ad5‐nCoV booster is a better alternative.
Surgical oncology during the post‐COVID‐19 era: What is next?
Authors: Lianos Georgios D. , Frountzas Maximos , Schizas Dimitrios , Baltagiannis Evangelos G. , Alexiou George A. , Bali Christina , Glantzounis Georgios K. , Mitsis Michail , Vlachos Konstantinos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDuring first outburst of COVID‐19, several strategies had been applied for surgical oncology patients to minimize COVID‐19 transmission. COVID‐19 infection seemed to compromise survival and major complication rates of surgical oncology patients. However, survival, tumor progression and recurrence rates of surgical oncology patients were associated to the consequences of COVID‐19 pandemic on their management. In addition, the severity of COVID‐19 infections has been downgraded. Therefore, management of surgical oncology patients should be reconsidered.
Control of Pre‐phonatory Glottal Shape by Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles
Authors: Pillutla Pranati , Reddy Neha K. , Schlegel Patrick , Zhang Zhaoyan , Chhetri Dinesh K. 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesSurgical manipulations to treat glottic insufficiency aim to restore the physiologic pre‐phonatory glottal shape. However, the physiologic pre‐phonatory glottal shape as a function of interactions between all intrinsic laryngeal muscles (ILMs) has not been described. Vocal fold posture and medial surface shape were investigated across concurrent activation and interactions of thyroarytenoid (TA), cricothyroid (CT), and lateral cricoarytenoid/interarytenoid (LCA/IA) muscles.Study DesignIn vivo canine hemilarynx model.MethodsThe ILMs were stimulated across combinations of four graded levels each from low‐to‐high activation. A total of 64 distinct medial surface postures (4 TA × 4 CT × 4 LCA/IA levels) were captured using high‐speed video. Using a custom 3D interpolation algorithm, the medial surface shape was reconstructed.ResultsCombined activation of ILMs yielded a range of unique pre‐phonatory postures. Both LCA/IA and TA activation adducted the vocal fold but with greater contribution from TA. The transition from a convergent to a rectangular glottal shape was primarily mediated by TA muscle activation but LCA/IA and TA together resulted in a smooth rectangular glottis compared to TA alone, which caused rectangular glottis with inferomedial bulging. CT activation resulted in a lengthened but slightly abducted glottis.ConclusionsTA was primarily responsible for the rectangular shape of the adducted glottis with synergistic contribution from the LCA/IA. CT contributed minimally to vocal fold medial shape but elongated the glottis. These findings further refine laryngeal posture goals in surgical correction of glottic insufficiency.Level of EvidenceNA, Basic science Laryngoscope, 133:1690–1697, 2023
Analysing the issues surrounding information and communication technology penetration and growth
Authors: Ahmed Aminu Adamu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to analyse the issues surrounding information and communication technology (ICT) penetration and growth based on the 13 measurable factors of the technology, organisation and environment framework. Furthermore, to investigate the most common technology and sector where ICT is most prevalent, 38 articles were selected for this study sample size. Systematic literature review and descriptive statistics were employed as methods of data analysis and presentation using tables and charts. According to the study's findings, top management support, competitive pressure, security and privacy and relative advantage backing were all cited as key challenges, respectively. Furthermore, the most popular ICT industry used by small and medium‐sized enterprises is cloud computing. The government should encourage huge investment in ICT.
Do you still trust me? An experimental study on the effect of uncertainty, complexity and anchors in a trust game
Authors: Eskinazi Naveh , Malul Miki , Rosenboim Mosi , Shavit Tal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe current study tests experimentally whether people's propensity to trust is biased by uncertainty, complexity, and the presence of numerical anchors in their personal monetary funds. Two hundred and fifty‐eight undergraduate Israeli students were randomly assigned to five groups that differed by the type of endowment they received. Participants were asked to indicate how much money they wanted to send to their counterpart, allocated from an endowment with an amount of money that was certain or derived from a more complex lottery whose outcomes were varying, and hence, uncertain. The results indicate that trust is strongly affected by the presence of low numerical anchors but not by the uncertainty and complexity of the endowment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that examines the effect of uncertainty, complexity, and the presence of numerical anchors together on the trustor's behavior in the Trust Game.
Oocyte‐secreted factor TGFB2 enables mouse cumulus cell expansion in vitro
Authors: Hao Xiaoqiong , Yuan Feifei , Cui Yanying , Zhang Meijia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCumulus expansion is necessary for the release of a fertilizable oocyte from the ovary, which is critical for the normal fertilization of mammals. Cumulus expansion requires cooperation between epidermal growth factor (EGF)‐like growth factors and oocyte paracrine factors. Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) are well‐known paracrine factors secreted by oocytes. In addition, transforming growth factor‐β2 (TGFB2) was primarily expressed in oocytes and its membrane receptors type 1 receptor (TGFBR1) and type 2 receptor (TGFBR2) were located in cumulus cells. In our present study, TGFB2 induced expansion of oocytectomized (OOX) complexes and increased the expression of expansion‐related genes in the presence of EGF, suggesting that TGFB2 enables cumulus expansion. Inhibition of TGF‐β signaling with SD208 blocked TGFB2‐promoted cumulus expansion. Furthermore, in the culture of OOX complexes from mice of Tgfbr2‐specific depletion in granulosa cells, TGFB2‐promoted cumulus expansion and the expression of expansion‐related genes were impaired. These results suggest that TGFB2 could induce cumulus expansion through TGFBR‐SMAD2/3 signaling. Tgfb2‐specific depletion in oocytes using Zp3‐Cre mice had no effect on cumulus expansion in vivo, possibly due to the compensatory effect of other cumulus expansion‐enabling factors. Taken together, TGFB2 is involved in expansion‐related gene expression and consequent cumulus expansion.
Data‐driven optimization of sampling patterns for MR brain T1ρ mapping
Authors: Menon Rajiv G. , Zibetti Marcelo V. W. , Regatte Ravinder R. 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe goal of this study was to apply a fast data‐driven optimization algorithm, called bias‐accelerated subset selection, for MR brain T1ρ mapping to generate optimized sampling patterns (SPs) for compressed sensing reconstruction of brain 3D‐T1ρ MRI.MethodsFive healthy volunteers were recruited, and fully sampled Cartesian 3D‐T1ρ MRIs were obtained. Variable density (VD) and Poisson disc (PD) undersampling was used as the input to SP optimization process. The reconstruction used 3 compressed sensing methods: spatiotemporal finite differences, low‐rank plus sparse with spatial finite differences, and low rank. The performance of images and T1ρ maps using PD‐SP and VD‐SP and their optimized sampling patterns (PD‐OSP and VD‐OSP) were compared to the fully sampled reference using normalized root mean square error (NRMSE).ResultsThe VD‐OSP with spatiotemporal finite differences reconstruction (NRMSE = 0.078) and the PD‐OSP with spatiotemporal finite differences reconstruction (NRMSE = 0.079) at the highest acceleration factors (AF = 30) showed the largest improvement compared to the respective nonoptimized SPs (VD NRMSE = 0.087 and PD NRMSE = 0.149). Prospective undersampling was tested at AF = 4, with VD‐OSP NRMSE = 0.057 versus PD‐OSP NRMSE = 0.060, with optimized sampling performing better that input PD or VD sampling. For brain T1ρ mapping, the VD‐OSP with low rank reconstruction for AFs <10 and VD‐OSP with spatiotemporal finite differences for AFs >10 perform better.ConclusionsThe study demonstrated that the appropriate use of data‐driven optimized sampling and suitable compressed sensing reconstruction technique can be employed to potentially accelerate 3D T1ρ mapping for brain imaging applications.
The analytic connectivity in uniform hypergraphs: Properties and computation
Authors: Cui Chunfeng , Luo Ziyan , Qi Liqun , Yan Hong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe analytic connectivity (AC), defined via solving a series of constrained polynomial optimization problems, serves as a measure of connectivity in hypergraphs. How to compute such a quantity efficiently is important in practice and of theoretical challenge as well due to the non‐convex and combinatorial features in its definition. In this article, we first perform a careful analysis of several widely used structured hypergraphs in terms of their properties and heuristic upper bounds of ACs. We then present an affine‐scaling method to compute some upper bounds of ACs for uniform hypergraphs. To testify the tightness of the obtained upper bounds, two possible approaches via the Pólya theorem and semidefinite programming respectively are also proposed to verify the lower bounds generated by the obtained upper bounds minus a small gap. Numerical experiments on synthetic datasets are reported to demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed method. Further, we apply our method in hypergraphs constructed from social networks and text analysis to detect the network connectivity and rank the keywords, respectively.
Cure4Kids: Two decades of knowledge transfer
Authors: Moreira Daniel C. , Jones Hannah M. , Schaeffer Elizabeth , Wellman Andrew , Shuler Ana , Ribeiro Raul , Chantada Guillermo , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCure4Kids is a free web‐based knowledge platform for professionals providing care for children with cancer and hematologic diseases, offering its users a comprehensive suite of learning opportunities. It has been a resource for the pediatric oncology community across the world for the past two decades, with 60,107 users having logged in 1,412,514 times with 22,045,553 content hits. A transformation of Cure4Kids is being planned and will include an improved user interface, increased interactivity, and more content.
Examining the potential direct cardiovascular benefit of tumor‐necrosis factor inhibitor in rheumatoid arthritis: Natural and controlled direct effect analyses
Authors: Yoshida Kazuki , Harrold Leslie R. , Middaugh Nicole , Guan Hongshu , Stryker Scott , Karis Elaine , Solomon Daniel H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground/PurposeTumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) may have a direct benefit on cardiovascular (CV) disease beyond reducing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity measured by the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI).MethodsWe compared TNFi initiators and methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy initiators from the CorEvitas RA registry. Two approaches to the “direct effect” of TNFi beyond CDAI were used. In the natural direct effect (NDE) analysis, the potential CV benefit of TNFi was partitioned into NDE and the natural indirect effect (NIE) mediated by CDAI during the first 6 months. We also estimated the controlled direct effects (CDE), corresponding to the direct benefit of TNFi when CDAI trajectories were hypothetically equalized between the initiators of TNFi and MTX monotherapy at a constant value. Estimates were given on the hazard ratio scale.ResultsWe identified 5764 initiators of TNFi and 3588 initiators of MTX monotherapy. TNFi initiators were younger (58 vs. 64 years) with a shorter disease duration. Our total effect estimates (TNFi vs. MTX [reference]) were protective in direction (0.76–0.91). The NDE estimate was 0.76 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59, 0.98], whereas the NIE estimate was 1.00 [95%CI 1.00, 1.00]. In the CDE analyses accounting for longitudinal CDAI, the CDE estimates was 1.27 [95%CI 0.60, 2.69].ConclusionsWe could not convincingly demonstrate a direct benefit of TNFi outside its impact on CDAI. At present, the emphasis should be on the stringent control of RA disease activity, a known important CV risk factor, regardless of medication choice.
Simultaneous splenectomy improving the outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis and portal hypertension treated with hepatectomy
Authors: Liu Fuchen , Guo Xinggang , Zhang Wenli , Zou Minghao , Huang Jian , Dong Wei , Zhang Jinmin , Zhu Xiuli , Pan Zeya , Lau Wan Yee , Zhou Weiping , Liu Hui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsPatients with cirrhosis and clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) usually have concomitant secondary hypersplenism, and splenectomy (Spx) is an option for treating these patients in the Asia‐Pacific region. CSPH is the most important risk factor for postoperative liver dysfunction (PLD) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis undergoing liver resection. However, the impact of simultaneous Spx and hepatectomy in patients with HCC and CSPH remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine the impact of simultaneous Spx on the posthepatectomy outcomes in these patients.MethodsThis study included 691 consecutive patients with hepatitis B virus‐related HCC, cirrhosis, and CSPH. These included 565 patients who underwent hepatectomy only (non‐Spx group) and 126 who underwent simultaneous hepatectomy and splenectomy (Spx group). We analyzed the effect of 25 preoperative and 5 intraoperative factors on postoperative outcomes using logistic regression. To overcome any possible selection bias, confounders were balanced by propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analyses, and subgroup analyses were performed within the PSM‐matched groups.ResultsLogistic regression analyses revealed that Spx was an independent protective factor for severe postoperative liver dysfunction (SPLD; odds ratio [OR] = 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11–0.43, p < 0.001) and 90‐day SPLD‐related mortality (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.06–0.55, p = 0.004), respectively. Spx was also independently associated with a higher overall survival rate (hazard ratio = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.47–0.85, p = 0.002) based on Cox regression analysis. PSM and IPTW models showed that the benefit of Spx was also consistent across the major and minor hepatectomy subgroups examined.ConclusionSimultaneous Spx improved the outcomes of patients with HCC, cirrhosis, and CSPH treated with hepatectomy, including patients who underwent major and minor hepatectomies.
Understanding of Polydopamine Encapsulation of Hydrophobic Curcumin for Pleiotropic Drug Nanoformulation
Authors: Liu Jie , Li Li , Xu Zhi Ping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPleiotropic drug nanoformulation promises the enhanced efficacy of nanomedicines on the market. In this study, it is demonstrated that polydopamine (PDA)‐based drug encapsulation is a potential strategy for such nanoformulation, yet its mechanism remains poorly investigated. This study elucidates the mechanism of PDA‐encapsulated Curnanoformulations (CP NPs) using hydrophobic curcumin (Cur) as a model drug via local dopamine (DA) polymerization on self‐assembled Cur NPs. The formation of PDA‐based drug nanoformulations with the core–shell structure is comprehensively investigated by controlling the key synthetic parameters, deepening the understanding of DA polymerization in the context of drugs. An intriguing morphology evolution is proposed to be the key event in the formation of CP NPs, attributing to the Cur diffusion from the core to the shell of CP NPs. Moreover, the morphological data can be used to guide the optimization of the PDA‐based nanoformulation. In addition, the verification of soluble DA polymers in CP NPs hints at the heterogeneous nature of the excipient (i.e., PDA) of CP NPs, providing a cautionary view on the long‐term safety of PDA‐formulated drugs. In sum, this study would enable the pharmaceutical development of PDA‐encapsulated Cur nanomedicines and generalize the PDA‐based nanoformulation approach for a wider range of hydrophobic drugs.
Thermal Behavior and Kinetics of Double Base Propellant Catalyzed with Green Graphene Iron Oxide Nanocomposite
Authors: Louafi Elamine , Karim Boulkadid Moulai , Belgacemi Raouf , Touidjine Sabri , Akbi Hamdane , Belkhiri Samir , Mezroua Abderrahmane , Azeri Basem , Nedjma Sakher Safa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, a green approach for the synthesis of graphene‐iron oxide nanocomposite (GINC) was followed. FTIR, Raman, XRD and SEM analysis tools were all used to characterize the synthesized nanocomposite. Furthermore, the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) method was used to investigate the GINC′s catalytic activity for the decomposition of a double base propellant (DBP). Kinetic characteristics for the thermal decomposition of DBP such as activation energy and frequency factor, were determined using iso‐conversional approaches, including Vyazovkin's nonlinear integral with compensatory effect (VYA/CE), iterative Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose (It‐KAS), and iterative Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa (It‐FWO). Based on the results obtained from the kinetic analysis, the introduction of GINC has reduced the activation energy of the pristine DBP (approximately 230 kJ/mol) by 40 kJ/mol, showing that this addition has good catalytic activity on the thermal degradation of DBP. Additionally, the results showed that the critical ignition temperature is augmented from 187.1 to 199.6 °C, when DBP is doped with 3 % GINC highlighting the fact that GINC enhanced the thermal safety of DBP.