bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome accompanied by subclinical choroiditis
Authors: Arita Takuya , Namba Kenichi , Iwata Daiju , Suzuki Kayo , Ogino Yo , Mizuuchi Kazuomi , Hiraoka Miki , Kitaichi Nobuyoshi , Ishida Susumu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome is an uveits characterized by complications of idiopathic acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, and most cases present only anterior uveitis. We report a case of TINU syndrome in which the presence of choroiditis was revealed by multimodal imaging.
Case presentation: A 12-year-old male visited our hospital with a 6-day history of ocular pain and hyperemia in the left eye (OS). Moderate anterior segment inflammation was found, without any inflammatory findings in the posterior segment OS. A few days later, ocular inflammatory findings appeared including in the right eye (OD). Conjunctival and ciliary injections, 1+ flare and 3+ cells of anterior chamber inflammation, and mutton fat keratic precipitates were observed in both eyes (OU). In addition, redness and swelling of the optic disc were observed OU. Laboratory tests showed slightly high levels of soluble IL-2R and serum β2 microglobulin and markedly high levels of urinary β2 microglobulin. The diagnosis of probable TINU syndrome was established on the basis of presenting bilateral anterior uveitis and in accordance with a clinical criteria of tubulointerstitial nephritis. Oral prednisolone (PSL) at 20 mg/day was given, and ocular findings improved. The dose of PSL was gradually reduced and withdrawn, but ocular inflammation recurred OU. Retinal exudates and snowball vitreous opacities were observed in the peripheral retina. Fluorescein angiography showed leakages from peripheral retinal vessels and staining corresponding to retinal exudates. Indocyanine green angiography showed hypofluorescent dots scattered over the ocular fundus. Optical coherence tomography revealed the presence of choroidal thickening. Laser speckle flowgraphy color map showed a relatively cooler color. Findings from multimodal imaging caused suspicion of a wide range of choroiditis; therefore, oral PSL was administered again. PSL was gradually tapered to 3 mg/day, and no anterior segment inflammation has been observed, but slight inflammatory findings in the posterior segment have persisted.
Conclusions: We describe a case of TINU syndrome complicated by subclinical choroiditis detected with multimodal imaging. Further studies are necessary to determine the frequency of subclinical choroiditis in TINU syndrome.
Metagenomic sequencing reveals altered gut microbial compositions and gene functions in patients with non-segmental vitiligo
Authors: Luan Mei , Niu Mengtian , Yang Pengju , Han Dan , Zhang Yudan , Li Weizhe , He Qiannan , Zhao Yixin , Mao Binyue , Chen Jianan , Mou Kuanhou , Li Pan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Vitiligo has been correlated with an abnormal gut microbiota. We aimed to systematically identify characteristics of the gut microbial compositions, genetic functions, and potential metabolic features in patients with non-segmental vitiligo.
Methods
Twenty-five patients with non-segmental vitiligo and 25 matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were performed to determine the gut microbiota profiles. Differences in gut microbiota diversity and composition between patients with vitiligo and HCs were analyzed. Gene functions and gut metabolic modules were predicted with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) and MetaCyc databases.
Results
Compared with HCs, alpha diversity of intestinal microbiome in vitiligo patients was significantly reduced. At the species level, the relative abundance of Staphylococcus thermophiles was decreased, and that of Bacteroides fragilis was increased in patients with vitiligo compared with those of the HCs. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed representative microbial markers of Lachnospiraceae_bacterium_BX3, Massilioclostridium_coli, TM7_phylum_sp_oral_taxon_348 and Bacteroides_fragilis for patients with vitiligo. KEGG gene function analysis showed that the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway was significantly enriched in patients with vitiligo. Gut metabolic modules (GMMs) analysis showed that cysteine degradation was significantly down-regulated, and galactose degradation was up-regulated in patients with vitiligo. A panel of 11 microbial features was constructed to distinguish patients with vitiligo from HCs.
Conclusions
The gut microbial profiles and genetic functions of patients with vitiligo were distinct from those of the HCs. The identified gut microbial markers may potentially be used for earlier diagnosis and treatment targets.
Measuring Grit, Self-Efficacy, Curiosity, and Intolerance of Uncertainty in First- Generation College and First-Generation Medical Students
Authors: Jones DeWitt , McCalla Monet , Beverly Elizabeth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
First generation students report more symptoms of burnout, depression, and psychological distress in medical school. Grit, self-efficacy, and curiosity are protective factors against the negative psychosocial effects of medical school, whereas intolerance of uncertainty is a risk factor. What is not known is the association among grit, self-efficacy, curiosity, and intolerance of uncertainty and first-generation students. Thus, we examined grit, self-efficacy, curiosity, and intolerance of uncertainty in first-generation college and first-generation medical students.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive study to assess medical students’ grit, self-efficacy, curiosity, and intolerance of uncertainty. We conducted independent samples t-tests and regression analyses using SPSS statistical software version 28.0.
Results
A total of 420 students participated in the study for a response rate of 51.5%. One-fifth of participants (21.2%, n = 89) identified as first-generation students, 38.6% (n = 162) participants reporting having a physician relative, and 16.2% (n = 68) reported having a physician parent. Grit scores did not differ by first-generation college status, physician relative(s), or physician parent(s). Similarly, self-efficacy scores did not differ by first-generation college status, physician relative(s), or physician parent(s), and curiosity scores did not differ by first-generation college status, physician relative(s), or physician parent(s). However, total intolerance of uncertainty scores differed by physician relative(s) (t= -2.830, p = .005), but not by first-generation status, or physician parent(s). Further, subscale scores for prospective anxiety differed by physician relative(s) (t= -3.379, p = .001) and physician parent(s) (t= -2.077, p = .038), but not by first-generation status. In the final regression model, both grit and self-efficacy were independently associated with intolerance of uncertainty, such that higher scores of grit (b = − .159, p = .003) and self-efficacy (b=-.316, p < .001) were associated with lower scores of intolerance of uncertainty. Having a physician in the family (b=-5.238, p = .003) was a protective factor against higher scores of intolerance of uncertainty.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that first-generation college students did not differ by grit, self-efficacy, curiosity, or intolerance of uncertainty. Similarly, first-generation medical students did not differ by grit, self-efficacy, or curiosity; however, first-generation medical students reported higher total intolerance of uncertainty and higher prospective anxiety. Additional research needs to confirm these findings in first-generation medical students.
Evaluating distributed-learning algorithms on real-world healthcare data
Authors: Almeida João , Cruz-Correia Ricardo , Rodrigues Pedro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With the application of intelligent data analysis in healthcare, the need to protect patients’ data increases as well. The centralised approach, where data from several institutions are aggregated into a single server renders good knowledge discovery opportunities but is a huge data breach liability. Distributed learning can help reduce this risk as data is exploited inside each institution and only derived models are shared among peers, but there is no clear assessment of the performance gap between approaches. In this work, we used real clinical data from nine Portuguese hospitalar obstetrics departments, to compare the predictive performance of a) local, b) distributed and c) globally centralised models, focusing on predicting delivery and patient-related outcomes. Our evidence suggests that distributed learning is a viable tool to ap- ply machine learning without a significant decrease in performance while promoting a more robust privacy-concerning methodology.
A diarized journey: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of the older person’s lived experience of a hip or knee replacement within a fast-track programme
Authors: Burger Marisa , Watson Francois Gerald , Wyk Annemarie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
For the older person living with end-stage hip or knee osteoarthritis, a hip or knee replacement can be a traumatic event, influencing the physical, physiological, psychological, social and economic facets of daily living. This interpretative phenomenological study aimed to reveal and interpret the daily lived experiences of the older adult before, during and after a primary total hip or knee replacement surgery in a fast-track programme in South Africa.
Methods
A qualitative interpretive phenomenological study, collecting data through solicited diaries and reflexive member validation interviews from seven participants aged 65–75 years, who underwent a primary elective hip or knee replacement surgery. The surgical fast-track process and data collection process happened simultaneously. Data collection from the solicited diary started before surgery, continued during the surgery process and finished six weeks after surgery and this was followed with reflexive member validation interviews. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used throughout the three phases of the fast-track programme.
Results
Three superordinate themes developed during the three phases of surgery: “The holistic impact of pain on daily quality of life”, “Finding ways to cope”, and “Transition between independence and dependence and back”. Although former research confirms the physical impact of osteoarthritis on the older adult and the success of fast-track programmes for subsequent hip and knee replacements, this research contributes to the holistic impact of the surgery on participants’ daily lives. The diarized journey of individuals through the psychological, psychosocial, physical, professional, and spiritual experience are described and interpreted in this research.
Conclusions
Across the solicited diaries, it was clear that pain as catalyst impacted the daily activities of the individual physically, psychologically, and psychosocially. Pain was subjectively present at different intensities during all the phases of the replacement surgery, impairing mobilization and triggering roller-coaster emotions. In order to cope with physical and emotional difficulties while preparing and adjusting to the environment, participants reflected on social support, physical and professional support, and spirituality. Throughout the preparation, hospitalization and the recovery process, the transition between independence, dependence, and back to independence was significant, reinforcing the individual’s determination to recover.
PCVP decrease the risk of cemented vertebra refracture compared with PKP: in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Zhou Qiang , Wan Yanlin , Ma Le , Dong Liang , Yuan Weijian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Summary Refracture of cemented vertebral body is a complication after vertebroplasty in treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures (OVCF). The cemented vertebra refracture incidence was compared between PCVP and PKP and the results showed that PCVP had lower refracture incidence, and entailed less fluoroscopy and operation time than bilateral PKP.
Introduction The purpose of this study is to compare the refracture incidence of the cemented vertebral body of percutaneous curved vertebroplasty (PCVP) and bilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in the treatment of OVCF.
Methods Ninety-four patients with single segment thoracolumbar OVCF were randomly divided into two groups (47 patients in each) and underwent PCVP or bilateral PKP surgery respectively. The refracture of cemented vertebral body, bone cement injection volume and cement pattern, cement leakage rate, the total surgical time, intraoperative fluoroscopy time, preoperative and postoperative Cobb angles and anterior vertebral height, Oswestry disability index questionnaire (ODI) and visual analog scales (VAS) were recorded.
Results The PCVP group had significantly lower refracture incidence of the cemented vertebral than the bilateral PKP group (p<0.05). There was a significant postoperative improvement in the VAS score and ODI in both group (p<0.01), and no significant difference was found between two groups. The operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy times were significantly less in the PCVP group than the bilateral PKP group (p<0.01). The mean kyphosis angle correction and vertebral height restoration in the PCVP group was significantly less than that in the bilateral PKP group (p<0.01).
Conclusion Both PCVP and PKP were safe and effective treatment for OVCF.
The PCVP had lower refracture incidence of the cemented vertebral than the bilateral PKP group, and PCVP entailed less exposure to fluoroscopy and shorter operation time than bilateral PKP.
Chlorhexidine nanoemulsion at 0,25% in the skin antisepsis of cats
Authors: Machado Angela Valentina De La Porta , Risso Natalia Horstmann , Lugoch Gabriela , Primaz Sandy Liara , Viana Danilo Augusto Mendes , Vilela Jorge Abrão Pinto , Teixeira Flávia Elizabete Guerra , Stopiglia Cheila Denise Ottonelli , Haas Sandra Elisa , Oliveira Marília Teresa , Mestieri Maria Ligia Arruda , Beckmann Diego Vilibaldo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: The use of peripheral intravenous devices can lead to infections and increase the length of hospital care worldwide in humans and animals. Antisepsis is indicated in several ambulatory and surgical procedures. Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic widely used in veterinary clinical practice. Nanoparticle solutions have been studied to improve antimicrobial effect. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the antiseptic effect of chlorhexidine nanoemulsion at 0,25% (NM-Cl) in cat skin and to compare it with the chlorhexidine commercial solution at 2.0% (CS-Cl). After a wide trichotomy of the thoracic limbs, the skin antisepsis was performed with NM-Cl or CS-Cl and a catheter was inserted at the cephalic vein. Cutaneous microbiota swab samples (CMSS) were obtained before antisepsis (Tpre), immediately after antisepsis (Tpost), and four, eight, and 24 hours after antisepsis. The samples collected were immediately inoculated in blood agar plates and incubated at 35±2ºC in aerobiosis. The manual counting of the colony-forming unit (CFU) was performed 24 hours after inoculation. Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were used between groups and inside the same group, at different sample times.
Result: The NM-Cl and CS-Cl groups showed a reduction in the CFU between the Tpre and Tpost in all animals (p<0.001). Both formulations presented an antiseptic effect 24 hours after antisepsis (p<0.05), and there was no difference between formulations at the different times (p<0.05). Nonetheless, the NM-Cl carried a lowers concentration of chlorhexidine than CS-Cl.
Conclusion: The results showed that NM-Cl presents effective antiseptic action and a prolonged residual effect in the cat venipuncture antisepsis. Studies have been carried out to investigate the NM-Cl in veterinary routine.
Microevolutionary dynamics of eccDNA in Chinese hamster ovary cells grown in fed-batch cultures under control and lactate-stressed conditions
Authors: Chitwood Dylan , Wang Qinghua , Klaubert Stephanie , Green Kiana , Wu Cathy , Harcum Sarah , Saski Christopher 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines are widely used to manufacture biopharmaceuticals. However, CHO cells are not an optimal expression host due to the intrinsic plasticity of the CHO genome. Genome plasticity can lead to chromosomal rearrangements, transgene exclusion, and phenotypic drift. A poorly understood genomic element of CHO cell line instability is extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) in gene expression and regulation. EccDNA can facilitate ultra-high gene expression and are found within many eukaryotes including humans, yeast, and plants. EccDNA confers genetic heterogeneity, providing selective advantages to individual cells in response to dynamic environments. In CHO cell cultures, maintaining genetic homogeneity is critical to ensuring consistent productivity and product quality. Understanding eccDNA structure, function, and microevolutionary dynamics under various culture conditions could reveal potential engineering targets for cell line engineering. In this study, eccDNA sequences were investigated at the beginning and end of two-week fed-batch cultures in an ambr®250 bioreactor under control and lactate-stressed conditions. This work characterized structure and function of eccDNA in a CHO-K1 clone. Gene annotation identified 1,551 unique eccDNA genes including cancer driver genes and genes involved in protein production. Furthermore, RNA-seq data is integrated to identify transcriptionally active eccDNA genes.
Bathymetry-based submarine landslide volume assessments
Authors: Sager Thore F. , Urlaub Morelia , Berndt Christian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Submarine landslides can cause devastating tsunamis. The size of such tsunamis depends on water depth, acceleration, maximum velocity, and initial volume of the landslide. In the past, submarine landslide volume as the most important of these parameters has often been estimated by seismic data. It is well-established that this can lead to a significant over-estimation of the tsunamigenic landslide volume because the seismic data do not allow to distinguish the initially moving volume from material that has been deformed in-situ or incorporated at great water depth. Here, the volume of evacuated material from the source area derived from seafloor morphology is a good measure for the total tsunamigenic landslide volume. The analysis of high-resolution 3D reflection seismic data that cover the same submarine landslide also shows that a much greater volume of the seismically imaged landslide deposit has remained largely in-situ and could thus not have contributed to an associated tsunami. This distinction could not have been made with lower resolution 3D reflection seismic data or with high-resolution 2D reflection seismic data. These findings imply that under circumstances that tend to be fulfilled for small landslides, the bathymetrically derived volume of the source area can be a much better measure for the tsunamigenic volume of submarine landslides than individual seismic profiles.
Existence and asymptotic behaviour of solutions for the wave equation with a time varying delay and logarithmic nonlinearity
Authors: Ouyang Qiancheng , Zhang Zaiyun , Xie Zihan , Wang Dandan , Xu Chengzhao , Xiao Hua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the study of a wave equation with a time varying delay and logarithmic nonlinearity
utt − Δu + μ1σ(t)g1(ut) + μ2σ(t)g2(ut(x, t − τ (t))) = uln|u|k, in Ω × (0,∞).
By using the Galerkin approximation method and potential-well method, the local and global existence of solutions under the conditions of some properties of specific functions as well as the weight of dissipation and delay are obtained. Moreover, by means of Lyapunov function technique and the properties of convex function, we investigated the asymptotic behaviour of solutions. Especially, the energy decay results we obtained are optimal and can be displayed graphically by selecting suitable functional in dissipation term. By considering the interaction of time varying delay and the logarithmic source term, these results extend the earlier ones in the literature [5] and [14].
Evaluating the prognostic effect of serum autoantibodies in relation to other blood biochemical markers in patients with different severity of COVID-19: Findings of a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Esfehani Reza Jafarzade , Khalilifar Mohammad Ali , Gouvarchinghaleh Hadi Esmaeili , Shahriari Alireza , Alishiri Golamhossein 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with abnormal immune responces. This study aimed to identify the prognostic effect of antiphospholipid antibodies on COVID-19 severity and survival.
Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on patients with a documented COVID-19 based on molecular techniques. Patients were grouped based on anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) positivity following COVID-19 diagnosis. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings were evaluated in all patients and every patients were followed for six months after the first positive test.
Results: A total of 239 patients (52.7% female and 47.3% male) with a mean age of 45.60 ± 11.50 years were evaluated. Groups significantly differed in MCV, PLT, WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte count (p<0.05). ANCA (p<0.001), B2gl IgG (p=0.022), and anti ds DNA (p<0.001) were significantly more prevalent in negative group. lupus anticoagulant (LAC), B2gl IgM, p-Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (pANCA), cANCA, Anti-cardiolipin (aCL) IgM and aCL IgG positivity was significantly higher in positive group (p<0.001 each). Hospital admission and mortality rate were 20.1% and 1.7%, respectively. Majority of the patients (66.0%) improved, while 31.4% were admitted, and 2.6% died. ANA positive patients were more likely to be admitted (p<0.001) and less likely to improve (p<0.001) compared to negative group. Study groups did not differ in terms of mortality (p=0.096). B2gl IgG was the sole predictor for admission (p=0.030, OR= 3.93).
Conclusions: COVID-19 severity was associated with ANA and antiphospholipid antibodies (B2Gl IgG, LAC, ACL IgM and IgG, p and cANCa), while mortality was only associated with ANA. B2gl IgG could only predict hospital admission.
Risk analysis of creating uneven heels and soles (ankles) after explosion operations in road construction projects in hard rock
Authors: Davarzani Mohammad Reza , Ataei Mohammad , Sereshki Farhang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A safe and risk-free environment must be created in every project, so the necessary and sufficient condition to reduce accidents and create a safe environment, identify hazards and classify them and provide solutions and apply them in the project. Risk management will lead to increasing productivity and maximum profit. This research has been done on the probability of occurrence of events after blasting and explosion in road construction projects in hard rock. In this research, an attempt was made to analyze the events with the highest probability in this type of project. The events that to have the greatest impact on the probability of events to be identified. In road construction projects where by explosion is the progress of work, fine dimensions of stone are not the criterion for work, creating uneven heels and floors is an event that is among the highest level. Investigations showed that the probability of occurrence of uneven heels and soles was 0.58818, which was the highest probability of occurrence in road construction operations in hard rock in conditions of uncertainty. In the intermediate events, design error and operational error and unpredictable natural disasters have a probability rate of 0.3958, 0.2292 and 0.1299, respectively.