bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatoma‐derived growth factor is associated with pulmonary vascular remodeling and PAH disease severity and survival
Authors: Yang Jun , Ambade Anjira S. , Nies Melanie , Griffiths Megan , Damico Rachel , Vaidya Dhananjay , Brandal Stephanie , Pauciulo Michael W. , Lutz Katie A. , Coleman Anna W. , Nichols William C. , Austin Eric D. , Ivy Dunbar , Hassoun Paul M. , Everett Allen D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHepatoma‐derived growth factor (HDGF) was previously shown to be associated with increased mortality in a small study of idiopathic and connective tissue disease‐associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In this study, we measured serum HDGF levels in a large multicenter cohort (total 2017 adult PAH‐Biobank enrollees), we analyzed the associations between HDGF levels and various clinical measures using linear or logistic regression models. Higher HDGF levels were found to be significantly associated with worse pulmonary hemodynamics, prostacyclin treatment; among PAH subtypes, higher HDGF levels were most associated with portopulmonary hypertension (beta = 0.469, p < 0.0001). Both Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox proportional hazard regression demonstrated that higher HDGF levels are associated with a higher risk of mortality (COX hazard ratio 1.31, p < 0.0001). Further, in the Sugen hypoxia (SuHx) rat model, the highest HDGF levels were post‐pulmonary circulation, and HDGF levels significantly increased with the development of PAH. In pulmonary arteries, immunohistochemistry staining showed that HDGF was highly expressed in pulmonary smooth muscle cells in both PAH patients and SuHx rats. In conclusion, we found that higher serum HDGF was linked with increased mortality, and associated with disease severity in a large multi‐center adult PAH cohort (n = 2017). In the SuHX PAH models, circulating HDGF levels are pulmonary in origin and increase with PAH progression. HDGF may be actively involved in vascular remodeling in PAH.
Full coverage path planning algorithm for MRgFUS therapy
Authors: Antoniou Anastasia , Georgiou Andreas , Evripidou Nikolas , Damianou Christakis 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐quality methods for Magnetic Resonance guided Focussed Ultrasound (MRgFUS) therapy planning are needed for safe and efficient clinical practices. Herein, an algorithm for full coverage path planning based on preoperative MR images is presented.MethodsThe software functionalities of an MRgFUS robotic system were enhanced by implementing the developed algorithm. The algorithm's performance in accurate path planning following a Zig‐Zag pathway was assessed on MR images. The planned sonication paths were performed on acrylic films using the robotic system carrying a 2.75 MHz single element transducer.ResultsAblation patterns were successfully planned on MR images and produced on acrylic films by overlapping lesions with excellent match between the planned and experimental lesion shapes.ConclusionsThe advanced software was proven efficient in planning and executing full ablation of any segmented target. The reliability of the algorithm could be enhanced through the development of a fully automated segmentation procedure.
A zonotopic characterization of cyber‐physical system vulnerabilities
Authors: Li Jitao , Wang Zhenhua , Shen Yi , Xie Lihua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article is concerned with the security of a cyber‐physical system (CPS) against stealthy attacks. Stealthy attacks are malicious injections into sensor measurements without triggering detectors. We quantify the potential impact of stealthy attacks on system states using zonotopic reachable set. Then, a zonotopic framework is established to characterize the CPS vulnerabilities. Conditions for the existence of vulnerabilities are provided. Moreover, the level of such vulnerabilities is measured via one‐sided Hausdorff distance. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Novel Fe3O4‐Modified Biochar Derived from Citrus Bergamia Peel: A Green Synthesis Approach for Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue
Authors: Tripathy Swagatika , Sahu Sumanta , Patel Raj Kishore , Panda Rahas Bihari , Kar Pravin Kumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present study reveals the enhanced bio‐sorption of methylene blue (MB) from an aqueous solution using iron oxide immobilized citrus bergamia biochar (Fe3O4CBC). The adsorption efficiency was increased dramatically from 64 % to 98 % after the magnetic iron oxide modification to citrus bergamia biochar (CBC) due to electrostatic interaction. Physico‐chemical alterations of CBC surface prior and post‐modification and after dye adsorption were evaluated using the following surface techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, BET, Raman, TGA‐DTA, Zeta potential analysis. The retention of C−OH, C=O, C−O, C−H, and Fe3O4 groups were confirmed from FTIR spectra. BET analysis revealed that Fe3O4CBC showed an elevated surface area of 136.72 m2 g−1 with a reduced pore diameter of 3.73 nm than CBC. The Pseudo second order and Langmuir isotherm model was best fitted with R2=0.99 and adsorption capacity of 31 mg/g. The thermodynamic data (ΔS=0.1455 kJ mol−1 K−1, ΔH=33.87 kJ mol−1) revealed the spontaneity, endothermic nature, and feasibility of adsorption process. Regeneration studies revealed that the material has excellent sorption‐based performance over five consecutive cycles. The current work demonstrates that Fe3O4CBC can serve as a highly efficient, cost‐effective, bio adsorbent for the removal of MB with easy magnetic separation from aqueous medium.
Gold and Cobalt Nanoparticles Dispersed on N‐Doped Carbon Matrix as a Catalyst for 4‐Nitrophenol Reduction
Authors: Li Caifeng , Su Yan , Cheng Mengmeng , Liu Jinglei , Hou Shifeng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this work, gold, cobalt nanoparticles dispersed on a porous N doped Carbon matrix (Au/Co@N−C), which were prepared by replacement reaction to anchor Au nanoparticles (NPs) on the surface of the carbonized ZIF‐67 (Co@N−C). The Au/Co@N−C composites display excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) due to the highly ordered carbon frameworks, which offered porous structure and space to improve the capability of electronic transmission. Moreover, the method of replacement reaction avoided the aggregation of gold nanoparticles effectively, which enhanced the catalytic activity of the Au/Co@N−C composites. The catalytic properties of nanocomposites were assessed through the reduction reaction of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) translate 4‐NP into 4‐aminophenol (4‐AP) with excessive NaBH4, the K app was up to 37.46×10−3 s−1 and the conversion rate of 4‐NP remained at 89 % after five consecutive cycles. Thus, this work has excellent promising preparation of noble metal catalysts and application in the catalysis of phenols.
Silk‐Derived N‐Doped Fe@NPC as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC)
Authors: Yisilamu Zuerguli , Maimaitiyiming Xieraili , Liu Anjie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe development of economic and efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts, which can boost both the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) is quite necessary for the evolution of direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Herein, a novelty of precious metal‐free, iron, nitrogen and phosphorus‐doped porous carbon (Fe@NPC) was prepared by using cheap and renewable biomass silk as basic nitrogen sources, as an efficient ORR and MOR electrocatalyst with its high nitrogen content (8.16 wt%). The Fe@NPC catalyst exhibits extremely high onset potential (1.125 V vs RHE), current density (−6.089 mA cm−2) and methanol tolerance for ORR, even exceeds the corresponding values of Pt/C (1.007 V vs RHE, 5.068 mA cm−2). Furthermore, it also served as a good carrier for Pt nanoparticles (NPs). Pt/Fe@NPC shows high catalytic activity and stability for MOR in acidic condition.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities Evaluation of Metal Complexes With Benzaldehyde‐4‐methylthiosemicarbazone Derivatives
Authors: Jaafar Amani , Mansour Najwa , Fix‐Tailler Adeline , Allain Magali , Faour Wissam H. , Shebaby Wassim N. , Tokajian Sima , El‐Ghayoury Abdelkrim , Naoufal Daoud , Larcher Gérald , Ibrahim Ghassan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHerein, to develop the comprehension of the microbiological activity of metal complexes based on benzaldehyde‐N4‐thiosemicarbazone derivatives, we described the synthesis, characterization of copper(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) complexes with vanillin‐4‐methylthiosemicarbazone (MTSVN) and 3,4‐dihydroxybenzaldehyde‐4‐methylthiosemicarbazone (MTSDHB). The crystal structures of the [ZnCl2(MTSVN)2] (L1 C1) and [CdBr2(MTSDHB)2.H2O]2 (L2C5) complexes were determined by the single X‐Ray diffraction method, the central ion is coordinated through the sulphur. For the other complexes, the ion is coordinated through the sulfur as well as azomethine nitrogen atom of the thiosemicarbazone. All these compounds, the two ligands and the new nine complexes were screened in vitro for their antifungal activity against human pathogenic fungi: Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus, and for their antibacterial activity against Gram (+) bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis as well as against Gram (−) bacteria such as Paracoccus yeei and Acinetobacter baumanii. By investigating the structure‐activity relationships, we found that the two ligands MTSVN (L1) exhibited significant effect against E. faecalis and A. baumanii and the MTSDHB (L2) acted only against E. faecalis. Furthermore, all the complexes (L1C1–L1C4 and L2C1–L2C5) showed significant antifungal and antibacterial activities against gram‐positive, gram‐negative bacteria, and two fungal human pathogens.
Ag3PO4 Nanoparticles Decorated Carbon Nitride Nanotube to Boost Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Activity for the Degradation of Azo Dyes
Authors: Wang Liyan , He Tingting , Li Xinyi , Cong Hongjin , Wang Shiyu , Zhao Yang , Wang Huan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn efficient and stable photocatalyst consisting of Ag3PO4 nanoparticles coupled with carbon nitride nanotubes (G‐C3N4) for the degradation of azo dyes was firstly prepared by in‐situ deposition method. The Ag3PO4 decoration significantly improved the photocatalytic activity of G‐C3N4, in which Ag3PO4/G‐C3N4 with mass ratio of 15 % could achieve the degradation efficiency of 95 % within 20 min. And the kinetic constant of degradation reaction was up to 0.14 min−1, which has around 22.5 times enhancement compared with that of G‐C3N4. The heterojunction between Ag3PO4 and G‐C3N4 accelerates the efficient separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers, and the Ag nanoparticles verified to be generated by the photoreduction of Ag3PO4 can also act as an internal channel to promote the charge transport. In addition, the effect of the concentration of both catalyst and dye on the photocatalytic activity was further investigated. The proposed Z‐scheme catalytic mechanism of the composite photocatalyst was also proved.
Observation of Remote Electroconvection and Inert‐Cation Concentration Valley within Supporting Electrolytes in a Microfluidic‐Based Electrochemical Device
Authors: Huo Peng , Xu Bingrui , Gu Zhibo , Su Mingzhuo , Rubinstein Shmuel. M. , Deng Daosheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical system is playing an increasingly important role in the advanced technology development for drinkable water and energy storage. While the binary electrolyte has been widely studied, such as the associated intriguing interfacial instabilities, multi‐component electrolyte is by far less known. Here, based on the classic Cu|CuSO4|Cu electrochemical system, the effect of supporting electrolyte is systematically investigated by highlighting the inert cations. In an annulus microfluidic device, the suppression of a previously known electro‐osmotic instability and the emergence of an array of the remote electroconvection along the azimuthal direction is found. A distinctive inert‐cation concentration valley propagates radially outward at a speed limited by the electromigration velocity. Remarkably, the simultaneous visualization of spatiotemporal evolution demonstrates the correlation of the concentration valley and electroconvection at a microscopic level. The underlying physical mechanism of their correlation is discussed, and the scaling analysis agrees with experiments. This work might inspire more future work on the multi‐component electrolyte, such as for the suppression of interfacial hydrodynamic instability and mitigation of dendrite growth, with the technological implications for water treatment and energy storage in batteries.
Vertical Orientation Probability Matters for Enhancing Nanoparticle‐Macrophage Interaction and Efficient Phagocytosis
Authors: Hu Wenli , Gu Zhengying , Zhao Liang , Zhang Ye , Yu Chengzhong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe geometry of nanoparticles has a profound effect on their interactions with macrophages. For an elongated geometry, the well‐known curvature‐dependent phagocytosis mechanism is still under debate, presumably because another important parameter, the probability of orientation, is overlooked. To verify this hypothesis, it is demonstrated that increasing the probability of the preferred vertical orientation is an efficient strategy to significantly enhance macrophage phagocytosis and uptake. This is achieved via a well‐designed hexapod nanoparticle in comparison with a monopod counterpart. The hexapod nanoparticle can achieve ≈100% close‐to‐vertical orientation, thereby favoring phagocytosis. This discovery provides a new insight into the design of nanomaterials for macrophage‐oriented bioapplications.
Enhancing the Elliptic Curve Integrated Encryption Scheme in 5G mobile network for home network identity privacy
Authors: Choudhury Hiten 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn mobile network, ensuring privacy to the subscriber is an obligation of the mobile operator. It is the responsibility of the operator to ensure that the private information about the subscriber like his/her identity does not get compromised. While adopting technologies with regards to issues like this, operators mostly follow specifications standardized by the third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). In a recent technical specification published by 3GPP for 5G mobile network, an Elliptic Curve Integrated Encryption Scheme (ECIES) is adopted for identity privacy. However, this scheme does not emphasize on protecting the identity of the home network with which the subscriber is registered. This may make the subscriber vulnerable to tracking by an adversary in a visited network through his/her home network identity. In this paper, we propose an enhanced scheme called scheme for home network identity privacy. Through a formal and an informal security analysis, the proposed scheme is found to be secured. Through a performance analysis, it is found that the scheme achieves its objective of securing the home network identity of the subscriber at the expense of 47% additional computation at the UE in comparison with the execution time that is incurred by ECIES.
Recent Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities of Membrane Distillation for Heavy Metals Removal
Authors: Aijaz M. O. , Karim M. R. , Omar N. M. A. , Othman M. H. D. , Wahab M. A. , Akhtar Uzzaman M. , Alharbi H. M. , Wazeer I. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWater is essential for the presence of life on this earth. However, water contamination due to the presence of heavy/toxic metals is one of the serious environmental issues for living beings. Several methods have been devoted to separating or removing those heavy metals from wastewater. Among them, membrane distillation (MD) has become one of the most attractive approaches due to its higher rejection rate than processes driven by pressure, lower energy consumption than traditional distillation processes. MD has gained significant attention for removing heavy metals than other techniques like ion exchange and adsorption in the last two decades. This review provides insight knowledge to the reader and focuses on how heavy metals impact humans and the environment, sources of heavy metals, current and especially removal methods using the MD method. Moreover, recent studies, challenges, and opportunities on MD membrane modules and heavy metal removal systems are discussed. More importantly, in this review, we have identified the gaps and opportunities that are required for enhancing the MD approach and its practical suitability for heavy metal removals. MD module and system showed high performance, proving their possible applications to remove heavy metal ions in water/wastewater treatment.
Prediction of fetal death in monochorionic twin pregnancies complicated by Type‐III selective fetal growth restriction
Authors: Van Mieghem T. , Lewi L. , Slaghekke F. , Lopriore E. , Yinon Y. , Raio L. , Baud D. , Dekoninck P. , Melamed N. , Huszti E. , Sun L. , Shinar S. ,   Collaborators
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveMonochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated by Type‐III selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) are at high risk of fetal death. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of fetal death in these pregnancies.MethodsThis was an international multicenter retrospective cohort study. Type‐III sFGR was defined as fetal estimated fetal weight (EFW) of one twin below the 10th percentile and intertwin EFW discordance of ≥ 25% in combination with intermittent absent or reversed end‐diastolic flow in the umbilical artery of the smaller fetus. Predictors of fetal death were recorded longitudinally throughout gestation and assessed in univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. The classification and regression trees (CART) method was used to construct a prediction model of fetal death using significant predictors derived from the univariable analysis.ResultsA total of 308 twin pregnancies (616 fetuses) were included in the analysis. In 273 (88.6%) pregnancies, both twins were liveborn, whereas 35 pregnancies had single (n = 19 (6.2%)) or double (n = 16 (5.2%)) fetal death. On univariable analysis, earlier gestational age at diagnosis of Type‐III sFGR, oligohydramnios in the smaller twin and deterioration in umbilical artery Doppler flow were associated with an increased risk of fetal death, as was larger fetal EFW discordance, particularly between 24 and 32 weeks' gestation. None of the parameters identified on univariable analysis maintained statistical significance on multivariable analysis. The CART model allowed us to identify three risk groups: a low‐risk group (6.8% risk of fetal death), in which umbilical artery Doppler did not deteriorate; an intermediate‐risk group (16.3% risk of fetal death), in which umbilical artery Doppler deteriorated but the diagnosis of sFGR was made at or after 16 + 5 weeks' gestation; and a high‐risk group (58.3% risk of fetal death), in which umbilical artery Doppler deteriorated and gestational age at diagnosis was < 16 + 5 weeks' gestation.ConclusionsType‐III sFGR is associated with a high risk of fetal death. A prediction algorithm can help to identify the highest‐risk group, which is characterized by Doppler deterioration and early referral. Further studies should investigate the potential benefit of fetal surveillance and intervention in this cohort. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Aging, male dominance, and decline of agricultural workers in the Central‐West Brazilian labor market
Authors: Telles Tiago Santos , Marques Felipe César , DelGrossi Mauro Eduardo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the dynamics of the economically active population (EAP) employed in agricultural activities in the Central‐West region in Brazil, between 2004 and 2015. Based on microdata from the National Household Sample Survey, we analyzed the agricultural EAP according to occupation, gender, age, schooling, agricultural activities, and income. The results show a decline in the agricultural workers, accompanied by greater schooling and formalization of labor relations, by male dominance and also by the aging of agricultural workers in Central‐West Brazil. The agricultural EAP was concentrated in the 40–59 age group, with noticeable reduction in child labor and in the share of young adults. Although the female EAP in agriculture had more formal education than male workers, it showed a greater trend of decline over the period, while employers and formally registered employees had notably more years of schooling than those in other job categories. These results indicate important aspects about of those working in agriculture, which can be useful for rural development and food security policy purposes.
Impacts of food wastage on economic growth
Authors: CM Jayadevan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper attempts to identify the impact of food wastage on economic growth using the data for 165 countries over the 2014–2018 period. With the help of ordinary least squares (OLS) and generalized linear model (GLM), the study shows that food wastage and poverty impact GDP growth negatively. Poverty and food wastage are positively related. Reducing food wastage can lead to poverty reduction, stimulating GDP growth. Measures are required to reduce food wastage, especially in middle‐income countries with a high undernourishment rate. Food wastage reflects poor regulatory capacity, and strengthening the institutional quality can also reduce the wastage of food.
Subgraph mining in a large graph: A review
Authors: Nguyen Lam B. Q. , Zelinka Ivan , Snasel Vaclav , Nguyen Loan T. T. , Vo Bay 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLarge graphs are often used to simulate and model complex systems in various research and application fields. Because of its importance, frequent subgraph mining (FSM) in single large graphs is a vital issue, and recently, it has attracted numerous researchers, and played an important role in various tasks for both research and application purposes. FSM is aimed at finding all subgraphs whose number of appearances in a large graph is greater than or equal to a given frequency threshold. In most recent applications, the underlying graphs are very large, such as social networks, and therefore algorithms for FSM from a single large graph have been rapidly developed, but all of them have NP‐hard (nondeterministic polynomial time) complexity with huge search spaces, and therefore still need a lot of time and memory to restore and process. In this article, we present an overview of problems of FSM, important phases in FSM, main groups of FSM, as well as surveying many modern applied algorithms. This includes many practical applications and is a fundamental premise for many studies in the future.This article is categorized under:
Algorithmic Development > Association Rules
Algorithmic Development > Structure Discovery
Zusammenfassung
Authors: Wilke René 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen unseres Alltags sind wir es gewohnt, Gegenstände unserer Welt als gegebene Entitäten zu betrachten, die scheinbar eine von ihrer kommunikativen Realisierung unabhängige Existenz aufweisen. Anliegen dieser Forschungsarbeit ist es daher auch, im Rahmen eines kommunikativ konstruktivistischen Theorierahmens und vor dem Hintergrund der wissenssoziologisch-gattungsanalytischen Betrachtungsweise einer spezifischen Kommunikationsform, aufzuzeigen, dass dem nicht so ist. Vielmehr gilt selbst für die Wissenschaft, worauf ich eingangs dieser Arbeit mit einer allgemeingültigen Erkenntnis des KoKo hingewiesen hatte.