bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investor attention and cryptocurrency price crash risk: a quantile regression approach
Authors: Smales Lee A. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
Motivated by the lure of cryptocurrencies for retail investors, whose concentrated holdings are particularly exposed to price crash risk, this paper aims to study the relationship between investor attention and crash risk for a range of cryptocurrencies.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts a quantile regression approach to determine the effect of investor attention on crash risk. Crash risk is measured using the negative coefficient of skewness and down up volatility.

Findings
This study finds that the connection is concentrated in the tails of the crash risk distribution. Investor attention has a positive relationship with crash risk when crash risk is low (below-median quantiles) and negative when crash risk is high (above-median). The findings are consistent for different measures of crash risk, for alternate internet searches and for a panel of large cryptocurrencies in addition to Bitcoin. This study also notes seasonality in crash risk, with higher crash risk during the June–August period and lower crash risk in the Halloween period that runs from November to April.

Originality/value
The results provide insights that are not apparent in previous analyses of cryptocurrency price crash risk. The results are particularly important for retail investors, who constitute a large portion of the cryptocurrency market, as they tend to hold concentrated investments and so a price crash of a single asset may have a large bearing on their wealth.
Reformist agency: young women, gender, and change in India
Authors: Dyson Jane , Jeffrey Craig 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article uses long‐term research in rural Uttarakhand, north India, to intervene in anthropological debates on agency. In the period between the early 2000s and late 2010s, many young women in the village of Bemni successfully sought opportunities to pursue their own goals. We highlight the manner in which young women's agency is ‘reformist’. This term is useful, in part, because it directs attention to the subtle and persistent nature of young women's action. Reformist agency also spotlights how operating within a set of norms can, in the long term, change those norms. At a broader and more diffuse level, we find that the idea of reformist agency is helpful in simultaneously connoting conformism and a measure of creativity. We also advance existing studies by highlighting one quite novel way in which reformist agency can work, via young women moving iteratively between acquiescing to patriarchal norms and pushing the boundaries of acceptable practice.
Populism and intra‐party democracy
Authors: BÖHMELT TOBIAS , EZROW LAWRENCE , LEHRER RONI 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article examines how populism is linked to party organization and, specifically, intra‐party democracy. Populism can be defined as an ideology (ideational perspective), which is characterized by anti‐elitism, people‐centrism and a discourse emphasizing a moral struggle between ‘good people’ and ‘the elite’. On the other hand, there are leadership‐focused definitions which see populism as a form of organization with personalistic control (a leadership perspective). With respect to party organization, focusing on the ideational perspective leads to the expectation that populist parties will be internally democratic, and the leadership approach will lead to the opposite expectation. Using the recently published Populism and Political Parties Expert Survey (POPPA) that develops party‐specific populism scores, we examine more than 200 parties in 26 countries. The results highlight that populist parties gravitate toward personalized leaders and thus develop less democratic intra‐party structures. This finding contributes to our understanding of populist parties and their organizations.
Contesting Covid: The ideological bases of partisan responses to the Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: ROVNY JAN , BAKKER RYAN , HOOGHE LIESBET , JOLLY SETH , MARKS GARY , POLK JONATHAN , STEENBERGEN MARCO , VACHUDOVA MILADA ANNA 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHow do political parties respond to external shocks? Using an original survey of political parties across Europe conducted in June 2020 and Chapel Hill Expert Survey (CHES) data on partisan ideological positioning, we argue that the pre‐existing ideological stances of Europe's political parties shaped their response to emerging Covid‐19 policy issues, including the tension between economic normalization and containment, legal versus voluntary enforcement and the role of science in policymaking. We find that party ideology powerfully predicts how parties, both in government and in opposition, responded to the pandemic.
The essential differences in microbial and chemical components of musk of different qualities secreted by captive male forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii)
Authors: Wang Yan , Sun Mao , Chang Fan , Wang Jun , Wang Yan , Tang Jie , Zhang Kun , Gao Lei , Xue Xiaochang , Wan Yi 
Published: January 2022

SummaryMusk is a precious raw material and ingredient in Chinese traditional medicine. The production of unqualified musk has become a puzzling problem in forest musk deer (FMD) breeding. However, what the essential differences between so‐called unqualified musk and mature qualified musk have not yet been elucidated. In this study, 12 musk samples were collected and separated into two groups according to their external properties. One group is white or black cream‐like secretion with sour or unpleasant odour (MM); the other group is brown or blackish brown solid secretion with pleasant fragrance (DM). Next‐generation sequencing and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry were used to explore the essential differences between the DM and MM groups in microbial and chemical compositions. The results indicate that the DM group has more heterogenous microbial structure but simpler relationships among microbial communities. LEfSe analysis showed that 14 taxa at the genus level could be used to distinguish the DM and MM groups and Bacillus, Paracoccus, tenoteophomonas, Mycobacterium and Leuconostoc were more abundant in the DM group (P < 0.05). In addition, six compounds were identified to specifically distinguish the DM and MM groups under the OPLS‐DA model. PICRUSt analysis revealed that metabolic pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, energy metabolism, transport and catabolism were enriched in the DM group. All these findings of differences in microbiota and chemical compositions would provide potential clues for MM quality improvement and new evidence for the scientific establishment of a quality evaluation standard for musk.
Detection of selection signatures in South African Mutton Merino sheep using whole‐genome sequencing data
Authors: Liu Zhengxi , Bai Chunyan , Shi Lulu , He Yu , Hu Mingyue , Sun Hao , Peng Hongyang , Lai Weining , Jiao Shuyu , Zhao Zhongli , Ma Huihai , Yan Shouqing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe South African Mutton Merino (SAMM), a dual‐purpose (meat and wool) sheep breed, is characterized by its excellent performance on growth, carcass traits and meat quality compared to other fine‐wool Merino breeds. Nowadays, the SAMM breed has been widely used to cross with commercial and indigenous fine‐wool or coarse‐wool breeds to improve the growth and meat performance in many countries. To date, however, little is known about the genetic basis for its prominent characteristics. In this study, whole‐genome sequences of 10 SAMM were sequenced and the selection signatures were analyzed together with those of 39 Australian Merino and Chinese Merino (wool‐type Merino) by FST, iHS, and XP‐EHH methods. In total, 313 genes in 277 regions were identified by at least 2 methods with the signal of selection and 21 of them were identified by all three methods. We highlighted a list of interesting genes, including GHR, LCORL, SMO, NCAPG, DCC, IBSP, PPARGC1A, PACRGL, PRDM5, XYLB, AHCYL2, TEFM, AFG1L, and FAM184B, which have been shown to be involved in growth, carcass traits, and meat quality by previous studies. Herein, GHR, encoding a transmembrane receptor for growth hormone, is the most notable one. We report the first study on selection signatures analysis of SAMM at whole‐genome sequence level. These results provide new insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying the growth and carcass traits in SAMM.
Role of stereotactic body radiotherapy for early‐stage non‐small‐cell lung cancer in patients borderline for surgery due to impaired pulmonary function
Authors: Tomita Natsuo , Okuda Katsuhiro , Kita Nozomi , Niwa Masanari , Hashimoto Shingo , Murai Taro , Ishikura Satoshi , Nakanishi Ryoichi , Shibamoto Yuta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimStereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is recommended only for inoperable patients with early‐stage (e‐stage) non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We compared outcomes between surgery and SBRT in patients borderline for surgery due to impaired pulmonary function (PF).MethodsWe reviewed single‐institution retrospective data of 578 patients with clinically T1‐2N0M0 NSCLC treated by surgery or SBRT between 2004 and 2014, and extracted a cohort with borderline impaired PF for surgery, which was defined as predicted postoperative (PPO) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) of <50% and ≥30%. Overall survival (OS), cancer‐specific survival (CSS), and disease‐free survival (DFS) were compared between surgery and SBRT using propensity score‐matching (PSM) to avoid bias.ResultsAmong a total of 116 eligible patients with a median PPO FEV1 of 45%, PSM identified 25 patients from each group with similar characteristics. The median age, pretreatment FEV1, and follow‐up durations for the surgery and SBRT groups were 75 and 74 years, 58% and 56%, and 56 and 60 months, respectively. The 5‐year OS, CSS, and DFS rates of the surgery versus SBRT groups were 60% versus 63%, 76% versus 81%, and 52% versus 48%, respectively (p = 0.97, 0.81, and 0.99). The surgical mortality was 4.0%, but no treatment‐related death was observed after SBRT. The incidence of ≥ grade 2 adverse events after surgery was double that after SBRT (40% versus 20%, p = .22).ConclusionOur study suggests that SBRT is a reasonable option for patients with e‐stage NSCLC and impaired PF who are considered borderline candidates for surgery.
Land Tenure and the Biblical Idea of Social Justice
Authors: Giesen David 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Bible should be read, first and foremost, as the history of the people of Israel as they developed a distinctive understanding of social justice. One way of making sense of the Hebrew concept of social justice is in terms of montheism, not as an abstract theological proposition, but rather as an experiential notion that was tied to the organization of Hebrew life. Monotheism was a social innovation that made all people equal. Egalitarian land tenure was the economic corollary. Since land was understood as a gift from God, its use was to serve as the basis of a rough degree of social equality. Monotheism remains an ideal that has not been achieved precisely because land tenure arrangements create a social hierarchy that legitimizes control by elites and undermines a universal system of values. The modern world has yet to resolve the problem of social inequality, but a better understanding of the Bible may help us find a way.
The Bible Helps Us Address Environmental Destruction and Social Injustice, Part 1: The Stories of Genesis
Authors: Johnston Carol Frances 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlthough the Bible is generally dismissed as irrelevant by modern secularists, it remains at least as relevant as other ancient literature. In Part 1 of a two‐part article, I examine the mythological or nonhistorical stories of Genesis to determine how they provide insights into the contemporary problems faced by humanity: crises relating to the global environment and global injustice. Until recent centuries, those stories from Genesis reminded Jews and Christians of the dangers of human arrogance in terms of the mistreatment of nature and people. In the 21st century, we need to become reacquainted with those stories that might remind us that nature is a gift to be treated with respect and shared with others. The Bible can help shift our focus by providing us with an image of shalom: a sustainable, just, and healthy world of thriving life.
The Bible Helps Us Address Environmental Destruction and Social Injustice, Part 2: From Abraham to Jesus
Authors: Johnston Carol Frances 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRenewing an appreciation of the Bible as a guide to human self‐understanding is particularly important in an era when humans are on the verge of destroying the planet and each other. Part 1 of this article examined the first 11 chapters of the book of Genesis to glean insights from stories of Hebrew prehistory that offer insights about the human compulsion to seek security by dominating others and nature. Part 2 proceeds with the stories about historical and quasi‐historical figures in the Bible, again seeking insight to help us manage our contemporary self‐inflicted problems and gain clarity about a way forward that can lead to healing, restoration, and the regeneration of life.
Convulsions in children with COVID‐19 during the Omicron wave
Authors: Ludvigsson Jonas F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimMost children with COVID‐19 have mild symptoms, but data on the Omicron variant are rare. This paper describes unexpected cases with convulsions during 1 week in January 2022.MethodsFour children with COVID‐19 were admitted with convulsions to the paediatric department in Örebro, Sweden, when Omicron accounted for more than 98% of the country's COVID‐19 cases. Three children tested positive for the virus, and one had clinical COVID‐19. I was able to contact the parents of three boys, who gave consent for these case studies.ResultsTwo boys aged 3 and 21 months tested positive for the virus and a 14‐year‐old boy tested negative, but had a cold and family members who had tested positive. The teenager had a history of urinary tract infections, but the younger boys had no earlier comorbidities. None had a history of epilepsy or febrile convulsions. The younger children had a fever and the teenager had upper respiratory symptoms. The 3‐month‐old child had repeated convulsions for several hours, the 21‐month‐old had continuous convulsions for 15–20 min, and the teenager had a convulsion for 30–60 s, followed by uncharacteristic aggression.ConclusionConvulsions may be a sign of the Omicron variant in children with COVID‐19.
Determinants of political participation in Thailand: An analysis of survey data (2002–2014)
Authors: Pankaew Attasit , Thananithichot Stithorn , Satidporn Wichuda 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article aims to explain changes in the patterns of political participation in Thailand between 2002 and 2014. Relying on four waves of survey data taken from the Asian Barometer (2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014), it proposes an analytical framework composed of several factors that include not only socioeconomic status (SES) but also various psychological, attitudinal, and mobilization factors to test and seek for factors that affect a likelihood of being a passive or active political participant. This article shows that apart from some SES, there are various factors, such as political interest and self‐efficacy, party attachment, and group membership that affected the participatory actions of Thai citizens during this period. Moreover, because group membership is only one factor having a significant impact on political participation for all the four waves of survey data, this article found that political participation of Thai citizens is largely a result of their learning and experiences obtained from the interaction within their respective groups.
About the link between biodiversity and spectral variation
Authors: Fassnacht Fabian Ewald , Müllerová Jana , Conti Luisa , Malavasi Marco , Schmidtlein Sebastian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimThe spectral variability hypothesis (SVH) suggests a link between spectral variation and plant biodiversity. The underlying assumptions are that higher spectral variation in canopy reflectance (depending on scale) is caused by either (1) variation in habitats or linked vegetation types or plant communities with their specific optical community traits or (2) variation in the species themselves and their specific optical traits.MethodsThe SVH was examined in several empirical remote‐sensing case studies, which often report some correlation between spectral variation and biodiversity‐related variables (mostly plant species counts); however, the strength of the observed correlations varies between studies. In contrast, studies focussing on understanding the causal relationship between (plant) species counts and spectral variation remain scarce. Here, we discuss these causal relationships and support our perspectives through simulations and experimental data.ResultsWe reveal that in many situations the spectral variation caused by species or functional traits is subtle in comparison to other factors such as seasonality and physiological status. Moreover, the degree of contrast in reflectance has little to do with the number but rather with the identity of the species or communities involved. Hence, spectral variability should not be expressed based on contrast but rather based on metrics expressing manifoldness. While we describe cases where a certain link between spectral variation and plant species diversity can be expected, we believe that as a scientific hypothesis (which suggests a general validity of this assumed relationship) the SVH is flawed and requires refinement.ConclusionsTo this end we call for more research examining the drivers of spectral variation in vegetation canopies and their link to plant species diversity and biodiversity in general. Such research will allow critically assessing under which conditions spectral variation is a useful indicator for biodiversity monitoring and how it could be integrated into monitoring networks.
How to study parasites and host migration: a roadmap for empiricists
Authors: Binning Sandra A. , Craft Meggan E. , Zuk Marlene , Shaw Allison K. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTAnimal migration (round‐trip, predictable movements) takes individuals across space and time, bringing them into contact with new communities of organisms. In particular, migratory movements shape (and are shaped by) the costs and risk of parasite transmission. Unfortunately, our understanding of how migration and parasite infection interact has not proceeded evenly. Although numerous conceptual frameworks (e.g. mathematical models) have been developed, most empirical evidence of migration–parasite interactions are drawn from pre‐existing empirical studies that were conducted using other conceptual frameworks, which limits our understanding. Here, we synthesise and analyse existing work, and then provide a roadmap for future (especially empirical) studies. First, we synthesise the conceptual frameworks that have been developed to understand interactions between migration and parasites (e.g. migratory exposure, escape, allopatry, recovery, culling, separation, stalling and relapse). Second, we highlight current challenges to studying migration and parasites empirically, and to integrating empirical and theoretical perspectives, particularly emphasizing the challenge of feedback loops. Finally, we provide a guide to overcoming these challenges in empirical studies, using comparative, observational and experimental approaches. Beyond guiding future empirical work, this review aims to inspire stronger collaboration between empiricists and theorists studying the intersection of migration and parasite infection. Such collaboration will help overcome current limits to our understanding of how migration and parasites interact, and allow us to predict how these critical ecological processes will change in the future.
Different types of focus: Caregiver–child interaction and changes in preschool children’s attention in two cultures
Authors: Senzaki Sawa , Shimizu Yuki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSocial contexts shape the development of attention; however, little is known about joint attention beyond infancy. This study employed behavioral and eye‐tracking measurements to investigate cultural variations in how caregivers direct 3‐ to 4‐year‐old children's attention and subsequent changes in children's attention to objects and contextual backgrounds in the United States (predominantly non‐Hispanic Whites) and Japan (N = 60 mother‐child dyads, 29 girls, 31 boys). The findings revealed that caregivers directed children's attention to culturally sensitive information, and significant cross‐cultural differences in attention emerged after caregiver–child interaction, with Japanese children shifting their attention to the backgrounds. Results provide new insights into the role of social interaction and cultural diversity in the development of attention.
Parent–adolescent interaction quality and adolescent affect—An experience sampling study on effect heterogeneity
Authors: Bülow Anne , van Roekel Eeske , Boele Savannah , Denissen Jaap J. A. , Keijsers Loes 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPerson–environment interactions might ultimately drive longer term development. This experience sampling study (Data collection: 2019/20 the Netherlands) assessed short‐term linkages between parent–adolescent interaction quality and affect during 2281 interactions of 124 adolescents (Mage = 15.80,SDage = 1.69, 59% girls, 92% Dutch, Education: 25% low, 31% middle, 35% high, 9% other). Adolescents reported on parent–adolescent interaction quality (i.e., warmth and conflict) and momentary positive and negative affect five to six times a day, for 14 days. Preregistered dynamic structural equation models (DSEM) revealed within‐family associations between parent–adolescent interaction quality and adolescent affect (concurrently:r = −.22 to .39; lagged effects:ß = −.17 to .15). These effects varied significantly between families. These findings stress the need for more person‐specific research on parenting processes.
Combined data analysis of fossil and living mammals: a Paleogene sister taxon of Placentalia and the antiquity of Marsupialia
Authors: Velazco Paúl M. , Buczek Alexandra J. , Hoffman Eva , Hoffman Devin K. , O’Leary Maureen A. , Novacek Michael J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Cretaceous–Paleogene (KPg) boundary, one of Earth’s five major extinction events, occurred just before the appearance of Placentalia in the fossil record. The Gobi Desert, Mongolia and the Western Interior of North America have important fossil mammals occurring just before and after the KPg boundary (e.g. Prodiacodon, Deltatheridium) that have yet to be phylogenetically tested in a character‐rich context with molecular data. We present here phylogenetic analyses of >6000 newly scored anatomical observations drawn from six untested fossils and added to the largest existing morphological matrix for mammals. These data are combined with sequence data from 27 nuclear genes. Results show the existence of a new eutherian sister clade to Placentalia, which we name and characterize. The extinct clade Leptictidae is part of this placental sister clade, indicating that the sister clade survived the KPg event to co‐exist in ancient ecosystems during the Paleogene radiation of placentals. Analysing the Cretaceous metatherian Deltatheridium in this character‐rich context reveals it is a member of Marsupialia, a finding that extends the minimum age of Marsupialia before the KPg boundary. Numerous shared‐derived features from multiple anatomical systems support the assignment of Deltatheridium to Marsupialia. Computed tomography scans of exquisite new specimens better document the marsupial‐like dental replacement pattern of Deltatheridium. The new placental sister clade has both Asian and North American species, and is ancestrally characterized by shared derived features such as a hind limb modified for saltatorial locomotion.