bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen Sulfide Promotes Thyroid Hormone Synthesis and Secretion by Upregulating Sirtuin-1
Authors: Zhao Xue , Cao Yedi , Jin Hongfang , Wang Xiuli , Zhang Lanbo , Zhang Yang , Yu Yang , Huang Youyuan , Gao Ying , Zhang Junqing 
Published: February 2022

Objective: One mechanism of hypothyroidism involves the disruption of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion by thyrocytes. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a gas signaling molecule, participates in many physiopathologic processes by upregulating sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). The aim of the current study was to explore whether H2S promotes the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones by upregulating SIRT1.Methods: Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of H2S-generating enzymes in normal human thyroid tissues. Serum H2S concentrations from hypothyroid patients (n = 32) and euthyroid participants (n = 41) were detected by H2S-selective sensors. Thirty-one Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into control group (n = 10), hypothyroid group (induced by MMI, n = 10) and hypothyroid + NaHS group (n = 11), and the FT4, TT4 and TSH levels were assayed. Human primary thyrocytes were incubated with H2S donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) or NaHS plus SIRT1 inhibitor (EX527) in vitro. Thyroid hormone synthesis- and secretion-related proteins [thyroid peroxidase (TPO), sodium iodide transporter (NIS), Pendrin, monocarboxylic acid transporter 8 (MCT8)] were analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blot.Results: H2S levels in serum from hypothyroid patients were decreased compared to those from euthyroid participants (p &lt; .05), and serum H2S levels were positively correlated with FT3, FT4, TT3, and TT4 levels in all subjects (all p &lt; .0001). In vivo, NaHS promoted thyroid function in hypothyroid rats (p &lt; .05). In vitro, H2S was detected in supernatant, and CBS mRNA was higher than CSE and 3-MPST in human primary thyrocytes (p &lt; .05). The protein levels of TPO, NIS, Pendrin and MCT8 were upregulated in a concentration-dependent manner for NaHS in thyrocytes. After blocking SIRT1 with EX527, we found that the increasing levels of TPO, NIS, Pendrin, and MCT8 and TPO activity were downregulated in thyrocytes incubated with NaHS, and FT4 levels in the cell supernatant were also decreased significantly (all p &lt; .05).Conclusion: H2S is mainly generated in thyrocytes by CBS. Serum H2S levels are decreased with hypothyroidism. H2S promotes the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones and the expression of related molecules by upregulating SIRT1.
Associations of Neurocognition and Social Cognition With Brain Structure and Function in Early-Onset Schizophrenia
Authors: Guo Pengfei , Hu Shuwen , Jiang Xiaolu , Zheng Hongyu , Mo Daming , Cao Xiaomei , Zhu Jiajia , Zhong Hui 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundCognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia that is more serious in patients with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS). However, the neuroimaging basis of cognitive functions, including neurocognition and social cognition, remains unclear in patients with EOS.MethodsForty-three patients with EOS underwent structural and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. Brain structure and function were evaluated through the analysis of brain gray matter volume (GMV) and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF). They underwent comprehensive assessments for neurocognition (verbal memory, verbal expression, attention, and executive function) and social cognition (theory of mind and attributional bias). Correlation analyses were conducted to detect the potential link between cognitive function indices and brain imaging parameters.ResultsFirst, neurocognition was linked to brain structure characterized by higher immediate recall scores associated with increased GMV in the left temporal pole, higher verbal fluency scores associated with increased GMV in the left temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus, and higher Stroop-word scores associated with increased GMV in the right middle frontal gyrus. Second, social cognition was related to brain function characterized by lower sense of reality scores associated with increased ALFF in the left precentral gyrus, higher scores of accidental hostility bias associated with increased ALFF in the right middle temporal gyrus, and higher scores of accidental aggression bias associated with increased ALFF in the left precentral gyrus.ConclusionThese findings may add to the existing knowledge about the cognitive function-brain relationship. They may have clinical significance for studying the mechanism of neurocognitive and social cognitive impairment in patients with EOS and providing potential neural targets for their treatment and intervention.
The Association Between Cadmium Exposure and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lin Yu , Li Ting , Xiao Jiangbo , Xie Kaipeng , Shi Zhonghua 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveSeveral studies have evaluated the association of cadmium exposure with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the findings among these studies have been inconsistent. To further investigate the relationship, we carried out a meta-analysis to clarify the relationship between cadmium exposure and GDM risk.MethodsFive databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and CNKI) were searched for eligible studies until September 09, 2021. The quality of eligible studies was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS). The summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by random-effects models due to high heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the robustness of the results. Publication bias was evaluated by Egger's test and Begg's test. We also conducted meta-regression analysis and subgroup analysis to assess the potential sources of heterogeneity.ResultsA total of 10 studies with 32,000 participants related to our issue were included. Comparing the highest vs. lowest categories of cadmium exposure, no significant association was observed between cadmium exposure and the risk of GDM (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.92–1.46, and P = 0.206). No publication bias was found in Begg's and Egger's tests (all P &gt; 0.05). Meta-regression suggested that publication year was the potentially heterogeneous source (P = 0.034). Subgroup analysis of publication year showed that the OR of studies before the year of 2016 was 4.05 (95% CI = 1.87–8.76, P &lt; 0.001), and prospective cohort studies showed a borderline increased GDM risk (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.99–1.33, and P = 0.061).ConclusionOur results indicated no significant association between cadmium exposure and GDM risk. Further high-quality prospective studies, especially those using standard analytic methods for cadmium exposure, are warranted to confirm the results.
Integrating Cognitive Dysfunction Accommodation Strategies Into Behavioral Interventions for Persons on Medication for Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Mistler Colleen B. , Idiong Christie I. , Copenhaver Michael M. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundCognitive dysfunction is disproportionately prevalent among persons with opioid use disorder (OUD). Specific domains of cognitive dysfunction (attention, executive functioning, memory, and information processing) may significantly impede treatment outcomes among patients on medication for OUD (MOUD). This limits patient's ability to learn, retain, and apply information conveyed in behavioral intervention sessions. Evidence-based accommodation strategies have been integrated into behavioral interventions for other patient populations with similar cognitive profiles as persons with OUD; however, the feasibility and efficacy of these strategies have not yet been tested among patients on MOUD in a drug treatment setting.MethodsWe conducted a series of focus groups with 25 key informants (10 drug treatment providers and 15 patients on MOUD) in a drug treatment program in New Haven, CT. Using an inductive approach, we examined how cognitive dysfunction impedes participant's ability to retain, recall, and utilize HIV prevention information in the context of drug treatment.ResultsTwo main themes capture the overall responses of the key informants: (1) cognitive dysfunction issues and (2) accommodation strategy suggestions. Subthemes of accommodation strategies involved suggestions about particular evidence-based strategies that should be integrated into behavioral interventions for persons on MOUD. Specific accommodation strategies included: use of a written agenda, mindfulness meditation, multi-modal presentation of information, hands-on demonstrations, and a formal closure/summary of sessions.ConclusionsAccommodation strategies to compensate for cognitive dysfunction were endorsed by both treatment providers and patients on MOUD. These accommodation strategies have the potential to enhance the efficacy of behavioral interventions to reduce HIV transmission among persons on MOUD as well as addiction severity, and overdose.
Forensic Identification of Fentanyl and its Analogs by Electrochemical-Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (EC-SERS) for the Screening of Seized Drugs of Abuse
Authors: Ott Colby E. , Perez-Estebanez Martin , Hernandez Sheila , Kelly Kendra , Dalzell Kourtney A. , Arcos-Martinez M. Julia , Heras Aranzazu , Colina Alvaro , Arroyo Luis E. 
Published: February 2022

Reliable identification of fentanyl and fentanyl analogs present in seized drug samples is imperative to the safety of first responders and laboratory personnel and informs the future analysis process and handling procedures. The electrochemical-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) method developed in this work allows the in-situ preparation of the SERS substrate providing a rapid, efficient, and accurate approach to detect fentanyl, even at low percent by weight concentrations common in seized drugs. Optimization of the electrochemical potentials suitable for the SERS substrate preparation and adsorption of the analyte was achieved using multi-pulse amperometric detection. This method demonstrated large enhancement of the SERS response. This method was applied to six fentanyl analogs with substitutions to the amide group, representing small changes in the fentanyl core structure. Identification of these analogs through differences in the EC-SERS spectra was evident. Interference studies incorporating analytes frequently encountered with fentanyl including heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, naltrexone, and naloxone were assessed and found to offer limited to no interference. The limits of detection of the fentanyl compounds were in the low to mid nanograms per milliliter range, with the most sensitive compound detected at 10 ng/ml. Application of the method to simulated drug mixtures was performed to determine fit-for-purpose. In all mixtures with fentanyl as the minor contributor, fentanyl was correctly identified, including mixture samples comprised of 5 and 1% fentanyl. This approach represents the first in-situ EC-SERS analysis of fentanyl and its analogs and provides accurate and efficient screening for fentanyl in seized drug samples.
Criterion Validity and Test-Retest Reliability of a Modified Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form (IPAQ-SF) in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Kohlbrenner Dario , von Moos Seraina , Schmid-Mohler Gabriela 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAccelerometry, the clinically valued standard of physical activity monitoring, has limited acceptance in transplantation rehabilitation; therefore, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) self-report instrument is widely used. However, while the IPAQ's repeatability is good, its criterion validity is unsatisfactory. We hypothesized that adding a concise oral introduction would help overcome this shortfall.Materials and MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of a RCT in a sample of kidney transplant recipients that underwent observational follow-up. We assessed criterion validity of our modified version of the four-item IPAQ–Short Form (mIPAQ–SF) via Pearson, and test-retest reliability via intraclass correlation coefficients. The main difference in the new version is an oral pre-measurement introduction to the questionnaire's concepts. We compared our results with those of published studies.ResultsPost-kidney-transplantation data of 92 patients were analyzed. Across the four IPAQ-SF/mIPAQ–SF items, values of correlations between mIPAQ-SF responses and accelerometry records ranged from 0.07 (min in vigorous activity) to 0.35 (min in moderate activity) for criterion validity, and from 0.19 (days with moderate activity) to 0.58 (min in moderate activity) for test-retest reliability.DiscussionRegarding moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, mIPAQ-SF self-reports' correlations to accelerometry records improved considerably on those of the IPAQ-SF (r = 0.18 vs. r = 0.33), i.e., improved criterion validity. We therefore conclude that a pre-measurement oral explanation of key IPAQ-SF/mIPAQ concepts enhances criterion validity regarding self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.
Transformada wavelet y máquinas de soporte vectorial para la identificación de arritmias
Authors: Tovar-Salazar Diego Alejandro , Orozco-Naranjo Alejandro José , Muñoz-Gutiérrez Pablo Andrés , Murillo-Wills Héctor , Granada Javier Alejandro 
Published: February 2022

Se presentan varios conjuntos de extracción de características de latidos normales y latidos de cuatro tipos de arritmias cardíacas, usando la transformada wavelet. Un grupo de conjuntos elegidos aleatoriamente, fueron utilizados para determinar los parámetros óptimos de la función núcleo polinomial (C y d) y de la función núcleo de base radial (C y gamma), que arrojaran los mejores resultados de clasificación para las máquinas de soporte vectorial. A partir de estos parámetros óptimos se realizaron pruebas de clasificación con todos los conjuntos de entrenamiento y se obtuvo un porcentaje de error de validación del 2.93% para una máquina de soporte vectorial con función núcleo de base radial, 11.72% con un clasificador Bayesiano y 3.63% con un perceptrón multicapa. Con el fin de reducir el porcentaje de error de validación, se aplicó la técnica de análisis por componentes principales para la selección efectiva de características y para reducir la dimensionalidad de los vectores de características de cada conjunto de entrenamiento. Las máquinas de soporte vectorial evaluadas con estos nuevos conjuntos de entrenamiento, fueron más consistentes y presentaron siempre un porcentaje de error de validación menor, logrando un porcentaje de error de validación del 1.93%, el clasificador Bayesiano mejoró sustancialmente su capacidad de clasificación en la mayoría de casos, mientras que el perceptrón multicapa no fue muy susceptible a la selección efectiva de características y en algunos casos mejoró y en otros no.
Hirayama Disease: Review of Literature and Our Own Clinical Observations
Authors: Лихачев С.А. , Мальгина Е.В. , Брант Е.В. , Корбут Т.В. , Василевич Э.Н. , Науменко Д.В. , Рушкевич Ю.Н. 
Published: February 2022

Приведенные в статье клинические наблюдения представляют собой различные варианты болезни Хираяма, протекающей с двусторонним или односторонним поражением верхних конечностей. Болезнь Хираяма (БХ) является редким непрогрессирующим неврологическим заболеванием, ассоциированным с поражением мотонейронов передних рогов спинного мозга при сгибании шейного отдела позвоночника. В настоящее время отмечается рост интереса и увеличение числа клинических описаний редкой формы мономелической амиотрофии (болезни Хираяма) в медицинских журналах, что может быть связано с распространенностью нейровизуализационных исследований и более широкого выполнения МРТ пациентам с дистальной амиотрофией. Диагностика БХ основывается на особенностях клинической картины, течения заболевания и дополняется специфичными для данной патологии МРТ-данными. «Золотым стандартом» диагностики БХ является МРТ шейного отдела позвоночника в положении сгибания. На данный момент этиотропного и патогенетического консервативного лечения не разработано. Возможны хирургическая коррекция или симптоматическая консервативная терапия. Приведенные в статье клинические наблюдения представляют собой различные варианты болезни Хираяма, протекающей с двусторонним или односторонним поражением верхних конечностей.
The clinical observations presented in the article represent various variants of Hirayama disease, which occurs with a bilateral or unilateral lesion of the upper extremities. Hirayama disease (HD) is a rare non-progressive neurological disease associated with damage to the motor neurons of the anterior horns of the spinal cord during flexion of the cervical spine. Currently, there is the increase of interest and the number of clinical descriptions of a rare form of monomyelic amyotrophy (Hirayama disease) in medical journals, which may be due to the prevalence of neuroimaging studies and more widespread MRI in patients with distal amyotrophy. The diagnosis of HD is based on the features of the clinical picture, the course of the disease, and it is supplemented by MRI data specific to this pathology. The “gold standard” for diagnostics of this pathology is MRI of the cervical spine in the flexion position. Currently, no etiotropic and pathogenetic conservative treatment has been developed. Surgical correction or symptomatic conservative therapy is possible.
Features of Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease of the Lower Extremities in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Мохорт Т.В. 
Published: February 2022

Сахарный диабет - признанный фактор риска мультисосудистого поражения, развития полинейропатии, когнитивного снижения. Заболевания периферических артерий нижних конечностей (ЗПАНК) являются частым проявлением при сахарном диабете, определяя негативный прогноз. В обзоре рассмотрены современные подходы к ведению пациентов с ЗПАНК, включая особенности использования глюкозоснижающей терапии, гипотензивных и гиполипидемических препаратов с превентивной целью. Четко обоснована необходимость использования физических нагрузок, описаны возможности терапевтического лечения. Среди терапевтических опций сделан акцент на потенциальные преимущества использования актовегина, оказывающего мультимодальное действие.
Diabetes mellitus is a recognized risk factor of multi-vascular lesions, development of polyneuropathy, and cognitive decline. Diseases of the peripheral arteries of the lower extremities are a frequent manifestation in diabetes, determining a negative prognosis. In the review, there are considered modern approaches to the management of patients with diseases of the peripheral arteries of the lower extremities, including the features of the use of glucose-lowering therapy, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs for preventive purposes. The necessity of using physical activity is clearly justified, and the possibilities of therapeutic treatment are described. Among the therapeutic options, the emphasis is placed on the potential benefits of using actovegin, which has a multimodal effect.
Mental Disorders in Patients with Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Протько Н.Н. , Патеюк И.В. , Милюк Н.С. 
Published: February 2022

В статье описаны особенности психических расстройств у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией.
The article describes the characteristics of mental disorders in patients with arterial hypertension.
Sensorineural Hearing Loss during the COVID-19 Pandemic: What do We Know Today?
Authors: Саливончик Е.И. 
Published: February 2022

Нейросенсорную тугоухость (НСТ) необходимо выделить как одно из клинических проявлений COVID-19. Прямой нейротропный эффект SARS-CoV-2, воспалительная реакция, цитокиновый шторм, цереброваскулярные нарушения, прием ототоксических препаратов, широко используемых в качестве лечения во время пандемии, могут способствовать возникновению внезапной НСТ при COVID-19. Выявление SARS-CoV-2 как этиологического фактора внезапной НСТ является основанием для выбора правильной стратегии лечения с целью максимального клинического выздоровления и сведения к минимуму побочных эффектов и осложнений. Традиционное использование глюкокортикостероидов в лечении НСТ при COVID-19 может представлять риск увеличения тяжести инфекции и вызывать задержку выведения вируса. Использование альтернативных методов лечения у пациентов с внезапной НСТ в случаях с COVID-19 может предотвратить такие нежелательные последствия. Применение кавинтона патогенетически обосновано при внезапной НСТ, обусловленной SARS-CoV-2, ввиду основных его эффектов. Кавинтон является нейропротектором, антиоксидантом, улучшает реологические свойства крови и микроциркуляцию, обладает антитромботическим действием, подавляет индукцию провоспалительных цитокинов (фактор некроза опухоли α, интерлейкин-1β и макрофагальный белок воспаления), тормозит индукцию воспалительных медиаторов в гладкомышечных клетках сосудов, эндотелии, макрофагах и эпителии, уменьшает гиперплазию неоинтимы и пролиферацию гладкой мускулатуры сосудов.
Sensorineural hearing loss (NSHL) should be identified as one of the clinical manifestations of COVID-19. The direct neurotropic effect of SARS-CoV-2, inflammatory response, cytokine storm, cerebrovascular disorders, use of ototoxic drugs, widely used as a treatment during the pandemic, can contribute to the occurrence of sudden NSHL in COVID-19. The identification of SARS-CoV-2 as an etiological factor of sudden NSHL is the base for choosing the right treatment strategy to maximize clinical recovery and minimize side effects and complications. The traditional use of corticosteroids in the treatment of NSHL in COVID-19 may pose a risk of increasing the severity of the infection and cause a delay in elimination of the virus. The use of alternative therapies in patients with sudden NSHL in cases with COVID-19 can prevent such undesirable consequences. The use of Cavinton is pathogenetically justified in sudden NSHL caused by SARS-CoV-2 due to its main effects. Cavinton is a neuroprotector, an antioxidant, which improves the rheological properties of blood and microcirculation, has antithrombotic effect, suppresses the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and macrophage protein of inflammation), inhibits the induction of inflammatory mediators in vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelium, macrophages and epithelium, and reduces neointima hyperplasia and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle.
Some Ideas how to Overcome the Post-Virus Syndrome of COVID-19
Authors: Цапаев В.Г. , Цапаева Н.Л. 
Published: February 2022

Представлены данные о клинических проявлениях постковидного синдрома и его патофизиологических механизмах в аспекте энергетического метаболизма. Дано обоснование использования экзогенного креатинфосфата для коррекции нарушений клеточного энергетического метаболизма при постковидном синдроме. Приводятся результаты клинических исследований, подтверждающие целесообразность предлагаемого терапевтического подхода к коррекции последствий перенесенного COVID-19.
Clinical manifestations of the post-COVID syndrome and the accompanied metabolic disorders are presented in the article. The rationale of treatment with an exogenic phosphocreatine is given. The overview of clinical studies is presented to substantiate the feasibility of the proposed treatment approach.