bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the arterial needle bevel position on puncture pain and postremoval bleeding time in hemodialysis patients: A self‐controlled, single‐blind study
Authors: Ozen Nurten , Tosun Betul , Sayilan Aylin Aydin , Eyileten Tayfun , Ozen Volkan , Ecder Tevfik , Tosun Nuran 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the effect of the bevel orientation (facing upwards or downwards towards the skin) of the needle inserted into the arterial limb of the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) on puncture pain and postremoval bleeding time.MethodsThis study, using a single‐blind crossover design, was conducted on 35 maintenance hemodialysis patients who had been dialyzed for at least 6 months and in whom blood access was via an AVF. AVF cannulation was performed with the needle bevel pointing upward in the first six sessions and the needle bevel pointing downwards (towards the skin) in the subsequent six sessions. Needles were always inserted in the direction of blood flow. At each dialysis session, cannulation pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS), and the bleeding time at the end of dialysis after needle removal was recorded.FindingsThe VAS score and postremoval bleeding time were lower when the needle bevel pointed downwards towards the skin during insertion (P < 0.05).DiscussionInsertion of the needle with the bevel pointed downward decreased puncture pain during cannulation and bleeding time postdialysis on needle removal.
Simulation and measurement of ultrathin glass residual stress
Authors: Tong Lianjie , Liu Shimin , Sun Yaming , Gu Jianmin , Xu Shiqing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccurate simulation and measurement of the residual stress are pressing needs in ultrathin glass (UTG) industrial stable production. Herein, the heat transfer in an annealing lehr and the residual stresses at different positions along the width of the UTG ribbon were simulated by the finite element method and measured via the Vickers indentation. The residual stresses at 400 and 600 mm to the edge were large, which caused serious production loss. Besides, we conducted molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to reveal the mechanism for residual stress formation. During UTG cooling, the cooling rate of the core is slower than that of the surface. Due to the influence of the relaxation process, the latter would hinder the former's R–O (where R is Na, Mg, Ca, Al, or Si) length contraction, implying that the surface would generate residual compressive stress. The temperature difference between them increases as the cooling rate grows, leading to the residual stress increase. Finally, based on revealing the formation principle of residual stress by MD, the edge electric heatings were set in zone B, and the residual stresses at 400 and 600 mm to the edge are reduced.
Temporary reduction of immunosuppression enhances production of anti‐S antibody against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 after vaccination in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Miura Masayoshi , Fukumoto Maiko , Komatsu Natsumi , Shuto Reimi , Harada Hiroshi , Sasaki Hajime 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe study identified factors affecting anti‐S immunoglobulin G production after vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in kidney transplant recipients.MethodsSerum samples were prospectively collected from kidney transplant recipients, live kidney donors, and healthy volunteers 1 month after receiving the second dose of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine, and anti‐S immunoglobulin G titers were measured. The mycophenolate mofetil dose was reduced before vaccination in some immunologically low‐risk recipients.ResultsA total of 151 kidney transplant recipients, 74 live kidney donors, and 50 healthy volunteers were included. Kidney transplant recipients had significantly lower titers of anti‐S immunoglobulin G than donors and healthy volunteers (1377 ± 246, 8310 ± 932, and 9908 ± 1040 AU/ml, respectively). Only 67.3% of kidney transplant recipients, compared to 100% of donors and healthy volunteers, were positive for anti‐S immunoglobulin G. Among the kidney transplant recipients, the anti‐S titer was higher in younger recipients, those with higher peripheral blood lymphocyte counts and glomerular filtration rates, those without a history of antithymocyte globulin use, and those who had discontinued or received a reduced dose of mycophenolate mofetil. Younger age, higher lymphocyte count, glomerular filtration rate, and mycophenolate reduction were significantly associated with anti‐S immunoglobulin G > 1000 AU/ml in nominal logistic regression analysis. There were no rejection episodes after mycophenolate modification in kidney transplant recipients.ConclusionsAnti‐S immunoglobulin G production after vaccination was attenuated in kidney transplant recipients. Mycophenolate mofetil cessation or reduction is a modifiable means to enhance anti‐S immunoglobulin G production in immunosuppressed kidney transplant recipients.
The pains and gains of reception centres: How length of stay in reception centres is associated with Syrian refugees' mental health during early resettlement
Authors: van der Linden Meta , Weeda Luuk , Dagevos Jaco 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn European countries, refugees await the approval of their asylum claim in reception centres. Scholars have repeatedly expressed concern about the consequences of a long reception period for refugees' mental health but the mechanisms that drive this negative relationship remain not fully understood. Using survey data from 481 Syrian refugees in the Netherlands, we show that the length of stay in reception centres was associated with an increasing number of forced relocations between reception centres, which weakened refugees' mental health during their resettlement up to 2 years later. In an attempt to improve refugees' mental health, reception centres now offer day‐time activities. However, while we find that length of stay in reception centres was associated with more frequent participation in day‐time activities, it did not substantially improve refugees' mental health. We call for policy makers to reduce the detrimental effects of a frequent forced relocations between reception centres.
High‐performance antiferroelectric ceramics via multistage phase transition
Authors: Quan Kaifeng , Zhao Ye , Meng Xiangjun , Zhang Qiwei , Hu Yanhua , Lou Xiaojie , Li Yong , Hao Xihong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLead‐based antiferroelectric (AFE) ceramics have attracted increasing interest in pulse power systems owing to their high‐energy storage and power densities. However, the single AFE–ferroelectric (FE) phase transition in conventional AFE materials usually leads to premature polarization saturation and low breakdown strength, which are disadvantageous to energy storage performance. In this study, high energy storage performance was achieved in Pb0.94−xLa0.04Cax[Nb0.02(Zr0.99Ti0.01)0.975]O3 (PLCNZT) AFE ceramics by constructing electric‐field‐induced multiple phase transitions. A maximum recoverable energy storage density of 12.15 J/cm3 and a high energy efficiency of 85.4% were obtained for the PLCNZT ceramic with x = 0.03 at 420 kV/cm. These excellent properties are attributed to the AFE–FE Ⅰ‐FE Ⅱ multiple phase transitions induced by Ca2+ doping, which effectively enhances the breakdown strength. This result indicates that field‐induced multiple phase transitions significantly improve the energy storage of AFE materials.
Sacubitril/valsartan: An antiarrhythmic drug?
Authors: Huang Elaine , Bernard Michael L. , Elise Hiltbold A. , Khatib Sammy , Polin Glenn M. , Rogers Paul A. , Dominic Paari , Morin Daniel P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionHeart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, with nearly half of all HF‐related deaths resulting from sudden cardiac death (SCD), most often from an arrhythmic event. The pathophysiologic changes that occur in response to the hemodynamic stress of HF may lead to increased arrhythmogenesis. Theoretically, medications that block these arrhythmogenic substrates would decrease the risk of SCD. The combined angiotensin receptor and neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi; tradename Entresto) is the newest commercially available medication for the treatment of heart failure.Methods and ResultsWe reviewed and synthesized the available literature regarding sacubitril/valsartan and its effects on cardiac rhythm. ARNi has been shown to decrease cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Emerging evidence suggests that ARNi also may play a role in reducing arrhythmogenesis and thereby SCD.ConclusionThis review summarizes the current data regarding this ARNi and its potential antiarrhythmic effects.
Knowledge diffusion and morality: Why do we freely share valuable information with Strangers?
Authors: Ayoubi Charles , Thurm Boris 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article offers a model integrating heterogeneously moral preferences to overcome the seemingly irrational tendency of individuals to freely share data and knowledge. We build on recent literature showing that moral preferences are favored by evolution theoretically, and have a strong explanatory power empirically, to model individual sharing behavior. Our analysis highlights the limit of financial incentives and the importance of promoting a sharing culture by enhancing awareness. Shedding light on how people respond not only to financial but also moral motives, we contribute to the ongoing policy debate on the design of effective open science policies.
Fielding the quality of communication questionnaire to persons with cognitive impairment and their family in primary care: A pilot study
Authors: Reiff Jenni S. , Cagle John , Zhang Talan , Roth David L. , Wolff Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe quality of communication (QOC) questionnaire has been widely used to assess foundational aspects of patient‐clinician communication about end‐of‐life (EOL) care. However, this instrument has never before been fielded with primary care patients who have cognitive impairment and their caregivers, a population with unique communication needs.DesignWe report on baseline data from a completed pilot study and ongoing efficacy trial of advance care planning involving dyads of primary care patients ages 80 and older with cognitive impairment and their family care partners. Two QOC subscales assessed ratings of general communication and EOL care communication from 0 (“worst”) to 10 (“best”). Due to challenges piloting the EOL subscale, we integrated skip logic to improve cognitive accessibility and measurement precision. Participants were first asked whether EOL communication occurred (yes/no); those responding affirmatively were subsequently asked to rate communication. We report experiences with EOL subscale adaptations from our ongoing trial (NCT04593472).ResultsUsing the original instrument in our pilot (13 dyads), mean patient and family general communication ratings were similar (9.65 and 9.60, respectively), but EOL ratings diverged (4.23 and 5.88, respectively), and “Don't Know” comprised 5% of patient and 32% of family responses. Interviewers reported patient and family participants expressed confusion when asked to rate EOL communication behaviors that had not occurred. Using the adapted instrument in our efficacy trial (43 dyads), EOL communication behaviors were most often reported as not having occurred (76% of patient and 73% of family responses across all items). Mean patient and family EOL subscale ratings were similar (2.23 and 2.26) and responses of “Don't Know” were minimal (<1%).ConclusionThe original QOC EOL subscale involves rating conversations that rarely occur in primary care but are important for older adults with cognitive impairment. Subscale adaptations may reduce confusion and response uncertainty and improve measurement accuracy.
Innovations and stepwise evolution of CBFs/DREB1s and their regulatory networks in angiosperms
Authors: Nie Yuqi , Guo Liangyu , Cui Fuqiang , Shen Yirong , Ye Xiaoxue , Deng Deyin , Wang Shuo , Zhu Jianhua , Wu Wenwu 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThe C‐repeat binding factors/dehydration‐responsive element binding protein 1s (CBFs/DREB1s) have been identified as major regulators of cold acclimation in many angiosperm plants. However, their origin and evolutionary process associated to cold responsiveness are still lacking. By integrating multi‐omics data of genomes, transcriptomes, and CBFs/DREB1s genome‐wide binding profiles, we unveil the origin and evolution of CBFs/DREB1s and their regulatory network. Gene collinearity and phylogeny analyses show that CBF/DREB1 is an innovation evolved from tandem duplication‐derived DREB III gene. A subsequent event of ε‐whole genome duplication led to two CBF/DREB1 archetypes (Clades I and II) in ancient angiosperms. In contrast to cold‐insensitivity of Clade I and their parent DREB III genes, Clade II evolved a further innovation in cold‐sensitive response and was stepwise expanded in eudicots and monocots by independent duplications. In geological time, the duplication events were mainly enriched around the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary and/or in the Late Cenozoic Ice Age, when the global average temperature significantly decreased. Consequently, the duplicated CBF/DREB1 genes contributed to the rewiring of CBFs/DREB1s‐regulatory network for cold tolerance. Altogether, our results highlight an origin and convergent evolution of CBFs/DREB1s and their regulatory network probably for angiosperms adaptation to global cooling.
Barriers to accessing sterile injecting equipment for people who inject drugs: An integrative review
Authors: Lawson Elaine , Walthall Helen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe global prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection is estimated to be 71 million, with an estimated 6.1 million of those having recently injected drugs. The recognised measures to prevent hepatitis C transmission in people who inject drugs are needle and syringe programmes. As people who inject drugs are at considerable risk of hepatitis C transmission, understanding the barriers they encounter when accessing needle and syringe programmes is important to support the hepatitis C elimination goal.ObjectiveThis integrative review aimed to synthesise research exploring the barriers to accessing sterile injecting equipment faced by people who inject drugs.MethodsAn integrative review was conducted guided by the PRISMA 2020 checklist, based on a systematic literature search using the following databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, psychology & behavioural sciences collection, and Emcare, as well as Google Scholar.ResultsThe search returned seven studies which met the criteria, and four key themes were identified: stigma; experienced and internalised, purchase experience, practical issues, and fear of negative consequences. Participants reported barriers such as the location of the services, and concerns around confidentiality when accessing services. In addition to this, the fear of arrest and the involvement of social services proved to discourage access to these services.ConclusionsPeople who inject drugs face many challenges when accessing sterile injecting equipment, such as stigma, purchase experience, practical issues and fears and concerns. To support the World Health Organisation Hepatitis C virus elimination plan, these barriers must be tackled to maximise the provision and reduce hepatitis C transmission and reinfection rates. Since the level of research on this topic is limited, further studies are strongly needed.No patient or public contributionPatient and public involvement were not used for this review.
Specialist care of children with complex needs: Insights from comparison of child development and child mental health clinics
Authors: Butler Louise , Harris Alison , Rapaic Tijana , Heussler Helen , Bor William 
Published: September 2022

AimPaediatricians and child psychiatrists review children with complex comorbidity, noting similarities between tertiary Child Development Service (CDS) and Child and Youth Mental Health Service (CYMHS) cohorts. Mental health comorbidity is common in developmental services. Developmental comorbidity in mental health cohorts is uncharacterised. The study aimed to describe CDS and CYMHS cohorts using measures of child development, mental health, physical health and psychosocial risk.MethodsA questionnaire was completed by parents of CDS and CYMHS new clients aged 4–11. It included measures of mental health symptoms, child development, physical health, stressful life events, family functioning, parent mental health and socio‐economic variables. Sample rates were compared to population norms. CDS and CYMHS cohorts were compared.ResultsThe study population had elevated rates of psychosocial risk, family dysfunction, physical illness, developmental risk and mental health symptoms. CDS had higher levels of developmental risk and family dysfunction. Most CDS clients (81%) had mental health difficulties. CYMHS clients were older, and had more mental health symptoms, stressful life events and child safety contact; 81% of CYMHS clients demonstrated developmental risk. CDS and CYMHS had similar socio‐demographic profiles and parent mental health difficulties, and similarly high rates of physical health problems.ConclusionsConsideration should be given to mental health screening and support in CDS, and to developmental screening in CYMHS. Both services support at‐risk children with complex developmental, mental health and physical co‐morbidity necessitating shared approaches to clinical and population health, including care integration, and collaborative cross‐disciplinary models of service provision and training, and advocacy.
Association of women's empowerment with anaemia and haemoglobin concentration in children in sub‐Saharan Africa: A multilevel analysis
Authors: Wilunda Calistus , Wanjohi Milkah , Takahashi Risa , Kimani‐Murage Elizabeth , Mutoro Antonina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe assessed the associations between women's empowerment and anaemia and haemoglobin concentration among children (6–59 months) in 31 sub‐Saharan African (SSA) countries. We included 72,032 mother–child pairs from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2006 and 2019. A three‐dimensional women's empowerment index (attitude towards violence, decision making and social independence) was constructed using principal components analysis, and associations between the index and any anaemia and Hb concentration were assessed using multilevel regression. The mean (standard deviation) haemoglobin concentration was 102.3 (16.0 g/L) and 65.8% of the children were anaemic. The odds of anaemia reduced with increasing empowerment in the dimensions of attitude towards violence [quintile (Q5) versus Q1, OR 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–0.89, ptrend = 0.006], decision making (Q5 vs. Q1, OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.61–0.84, ptrend < 0.001) and social independence (Q5 vs. Q1, OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.76–0.97, ptrend = 0.015). The mean Hb concentration increased with increasing women's empowerment in the dimensions of attitude towards violence (Q5 vs. Q1, mean difference [MD] 1.40 g/L; 95% CI 0.63–2.17, ptrend < 0.001) and social independence (Q5 vs. Q1, MD 1.32 g/L; 95% CI 0.36–2.28, ptrend = 0.001). There was no evidence for a linear trend in the association between decision making and haemoglobin concentration (ptrend = 0.051). Women's empowerment was associated with reduced odds of any anaemia and higher haemoglobin concentration in children. The promotion of women's empowerment may play a role in reducing the burden of childhood anaemia in SSA.
Analysis and visualization methods for detecting functional activation using laser speckle contrast imaging
Authors: Hu Peng , Niu Bochao , Yang Hang , Xia Yang , Chen Donna , Meng Chun , Chen Ke , Biswal Bharat 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have used regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) hemodynamic response to measure brain activities. In this work, we use a laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) apparatus to sample the CBF activation in somatosensory cortex (S1BF) with repetitive whisker stimulation. Traditionally, the CBF activations were processed by depicting the change percentage above baseline; however, it is not clear how different methods influence the detection of activations.AimsThus, in this work we investigate the influence of different methods to detect activations in LSCI.Materials & MethodsFirst, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to denoise the CBF signal. As the signal of the first principal component (PC1) showed the highest correlation with the S1BF CBF response curve, PC1 was used in the subsequent analyses. Then, we used fast Fourier transform (FFT) to evaluate the frequency properties of the LSCI images and the activation map was generated based on the amplitude of the central frequency. Furthermore, Pearson's correlation coefficient (C–C) analysis and a general linear model (GLM) were performed to estimate the S1BF activation based on the time series of PC1.ResultsWe found that GLM performed better in identifying activation than C–C. Additionally, the activation maps generated by FFT were similar to those obtained by GLM. Particularly, the superficial vein and arterial vessels separated the activation region as segmented activated areas, and the regions with unresolved vessels showed a common activation for whisker stimulation.Discussion and ConclusionOur research analyzed the extent to which PCA can extract meaningful information from the signal and we compared the performance for detecting brain functional activation between different methods that rely on LSCI. This can be used as a reference for LSCI researchers on choosing the best method to estimate brain activation.
An enhancing effect attributed to a nonsynonymous mutation in SOYBEAN SEED SIZE 1, a SPINDLY‐like gene, is exploited in soybean domestication and improvement
Authors: Zhu Weiwei , Yang Ce , Yong Bin , Wang Yan , Li Bingbing , Gu Yongzhe , Wei Siming , An Zhenghong , Sun Wenkai , Qiu Lijuan , He Chaoying 
Published: September 2022

Summary

Soybean (Glycine max) was domesticated from its wild relative Glycine soja. One‐hundred‐seed weight is one of the most important domesticated traits determining soybean yield; however, its underlying genetic basis remains elusive.

We characterized a soybean seed size 1 (sss1) mutant featuring large seeds compared to its wild‐type background. Positional cloning revealed that the candidate gene GmSSS1 encoded a SPINDLY homolog and was co‐located in a well‐identified quantitative trait locus (QTL)‐rich region on chromosome 19. Knocking out GmSSS1 resulted in small seeds, while overexpressing GmSSS1/Gmsss1 induced large seeds. Modulating GmSSS1/Gmsss1 in transgenic plants can positively influence cell expansion and cell division. Relative to GmSSS1, one mutation leading to an E to Q substitution at the 182nd residue in Gmsss1 conferred an enhancing effect on seed weight.

GmSSS1 underwent diversification in wild‐type and cultivated soybean, and the alleles encoding the Gmsss1‐type substitution of 182nd‐Q, which originated along the central and downstream parts of the Yellow River, were selected and expanded during soybean domestication and improvement.

We cloned the causative gene for the sss1 mutant, which is linked with a seed weight QTL, identified an elite allele of this gene for increasing seed weight, and provided new insights into soybean domestication and breeding.