bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case Report on Nursing Care of Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Zade Pornima Dnyaneshwarro , Sakharwade Prerana , Gujar Samruddhi , Sawarkar Achita , Khandar Jaya , Dhengare Archana , Gomase Kavita , Kasturkar Pooja 
Published: January 2022

We present a case of a rare craniopharyngioma in the left temporal lobe that developed after no prior brain trauma or surgery. Craniopharyngiomas are slow-growing benign tumours that affect the sellar and parasellar portions of the central nervous system. The incidence of this tumour is roughly 2/100,000. The majority of individuals experience neurological (headaches, visual abnormalities) and endocrine (growth retardation, rapid puberty) disorders over time 13.
Case presentation: After undergoing biopsy, M.R.I., and C.T., a 45 year old man was admitted to Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital on 13/02 2021 with the main complaint of blurring of vision in right eye, headache, polyurea since 5 month, polydipsia, and altered behavior since 2 month. After a C.T. Scan, the patient was diagnosed with a craniopharyngioma.
Conclusion: The patient was admitted to Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital with blurred vision in the right eye, headache, polyurea, polydipsia, and altered conduct as his known causes. Going to follow all of the tests, the patient was diagnosed with a craniopharyngioma still the patient requires medical attention and appropriate nursing care.
Provider Specialty and the Use of Disease‐Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis Among Older Adults in the 2005‐2016 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey
Authors: Lee Jiha , Chang Chiang‐Hua , Yung Raymond , Bynum Julie P. W. 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveWe compared disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) use for older adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)‐related ambulatory visits from rheumatologists and primary care providers (PCPs).MethodsIn this study of national sample office visits, we characterized ambulatory visits by older adults 65 years of age or older seen by rheumatologists or PCPs for diagnosis of RA using the 2005‐2016 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. We analyzed patterns and trends of DMARD use using descriptive statistics and multivariable analyses by provider specialty.ResultsWe identified 518 observations representing 7,873,246 ambulatory RA visits by older adults over 12 years; 74% were with rheumatologists. Any DMARD use was recorded at 56% of rheumatologist and 30% of PCP visits. Among visits with any DMARD use, 20% of rheumatologist visits had two or more DMARDs compared with 6% of PCP visits. Over the 12‐year study period, there was no statistical difference in trend of any or conventional synthetic DMARD use at visits by provider specialty, adjusted for patient characteristics, non‐DMARD polypharmacy and multimorbidity. However, biologic DMARD use was more likely to incrementally increase with rheumatologist compared with PCP visits (P = 0.003).ConclusionDMARD use for older adults with RA remains low from both rheumatologists and PCPs, including biologic DMARDs, even though American College of Rheumatology guidelines recommend earlier and more aggressive treatment of RA. With predicted shortages in the rheumatology workforce and maldistribution of rheumatology providers, PCPs may play an increasingly important role in caring for older adults with RA. Further research is needed to understand to optimize appropriate use of DMARDs in older patients with RA.
The Systematic Study on the Stability and Superconductivity of Y‐Mg‐H Compounds under High Pressure
Authors: Song Peng , Hou Zhufeng , de Castro Pedro Baptista , Nakano Kousuke , Takano Yoshihiko , Maezono Ryo , Hongo Kenta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStructural stabilities of high‐pressure YMgHxphases (, and 16) and their superconductivities are investigated by employing evolutionary‐algorithm‐based crystal search combined with first‐principles calculations. For predicted candidate structures of YMgHx, the convex hull and phonon analyses reveal seven stable and two metastable phases. For all the predicted phases, superconducting transition temperatures (Tc) are also predicted by using the McMillan formula. ‐YMgH6is found having K at 300 GPa comparable to the boiling temperature of liquid nitrogen, and high‐Tc(≥77 K) being predicted for the H‐richer phases, ‐YMgH8(124 K at 300 GPa), ‐YMgH12(152 K at 250 GPa), and ‐YMgH12(190 K at 200 GPa), which possess clathrate structures composed of H14, H18, H24, and H24cages, respectively. To elucidate why the H‐rich phases attain high‐Tc, electronic and phonon band structures as well as electron–phonon coupling strength are analyzed based on Eliashberg spectral functions. The clathrate structures exhibit both a larger H‐driven electronic density of states at the Fermi level and a denser H‐driven phonon density of states, correlating with larger EPC constants. These structural and chemical bonding analyses reveal that the highest‐Tcphase ‐YMgH12has H4units formed in the sodalite cage.
Abnormal ear development in corn: A review
Authors: Ortez Osler A. , McMechan Anthony J. , Hoegemeyer Thomas , Ciampitti Ignacio A. , Nielsen Robert , Thomison Peter R. , Elmore Roger W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntensive study for more than 100 yr has resulted in a good understanding of corn's (Zea mays L.) growth and development. However, abnormal development of ears in corn was reported in several U.S. states, including Texas, Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, and Illinois, during 2016, stretching our understanding. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to identify abnormal ears’ symptoms, causes, and timing of development. This study aimed to (a) describe and summarize previously reported ear symptoms, (b) document recent widespread symptoms of major concern, and (c) describe our current understanding of the potential cause(s) and expected development timing for abnormal ears. In total, 10 previously reported symptoms of corn ears were found, including tassel, fasciated, arrested, pinched, blunt, silk‐balled, incomplete kernel set, banana‐shaped, zipper, and tipped‐back. Three additional recent widespread symptoms of major concern associated with significant yield reduction across a wide area in 2016 were described: multi‐ears, barbell‐ears, and short‐husk ears. The information available on several of the symptoms was limited, and the specific causes were unknown, highlighting the need for more research in this area. Despite this and based on existing knowledge, possible causal factors and postulated development timing (i.e., when the stress may have occurred) are presented for all symptoms. Abnormal ear development can be seen as the response to complex interactions among genetics, environment, and management practices. Ear abnormalities are detrimental to grain yield and quality, and their mitigation is imperative to efficient corn systems, crop resiliency, and sustainability.
Prices, specialty varieties, and postharvest practices: Insights from cacao value chains in Ecuador
Authors: Villacis Alexis H. , Alwang Jeffrey R. , Barrera Victor , Dominguez Juan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEfforts to improve cacao value chains often assume that production of fine and flavor varieties will raise smallholder incomes. Undertaking postharvest practices of fermentation and drying is another exercise assumed to increase value‐added capture by smallholder producers. This study employs household data from 340 cacao farms in 15 villages in coastal Ecuador during 2018 to empirically assess these assumptions. Contrary to the common belief of the international development community, we find that the production of fine and flavor cacao varieties has no association with the price received by small‐scale producers. This is mainly due to (i) low productivity and (ii) nonexistent price premiums. Findings also suggest that the use of postharvest practices of fermentation and drying may lead to substantial price responses irrespective of the type of variety grown. The results presented here have implications for program interventions aimed at increasing farmer revenue. Programs promoting the use of fine and flavor varieties alone might be misguided and can be improved by training in modern processing techniques, regardless of the variety produced. [EconLit Citations: O12, Q01, Q12, Q13].
Consolidated theory of fluid thermodiffusion
Authors: Van‐Brunt Alexander , Farrell Patrick E. , Monroe Charles W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe present the Onsager–Stefan–Maxwell thermodiffusion equations, which account for the Soret and Dufour effects in multicomponent fluids. Unlike transport laws derived from kinetic theory, this framework preserves the structure of the isothermal Stefan–Maxwell equations, separating the thermodynamic forces that drive diffusion from the force that drives heat flow. The Onsager–Stefan–Maxwell transport‐coefficient matrix is symmetric, and the second law of thermodynamics imbues it with simple spectral characteristics. This new approach allows for heat to be considered as a pseudo‐species and proves equivalent to both the intuitive extension of Fick's law and the generalized Stefan–Maxwell equations popularized by Bird, Stewart, and Lightfoot. A general inversion process facilitates the unique formulation of flux‐explicit transport equations relative to any choice of convective reference velocity. Stefan–Maxwell diffusivities and thermal diffusion factors are tabulated for gaseous mixtures containing helium, argon, neon, krypton, and xenon. The framework is deployed to perform numerical simulations of steady three‐dimensional thermodiffusion in a ternary gas.
A Class of Rigid–Flexible Coupling Crystalline Crosslinked Polymers as Vapomechanical Actuators
Authors: Lin En , Wang Zhifang , Zhao Xiuyu , Liu Zhaoyi , Yan Dong , Jin Fazheng , Chen Yao , Cheng Peng , Zhang Zhenjie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFabricating mechanically responsive actuators that can efficiently convert external stimuli into mechanical work is of great significance for real‐world applications. Herein, we rationally design a class of rigid–flexible coupling crystalline crosslinked polymers (CCPs) to fabricate vapomechanically responsive actuators. Interfacial condensation reactions of flexible macromers with rigid monomers afford a series of freestanding CCP membranes. Notably, it is the first example where crosslinked polymers show high crystallinity and porosity. Moreover, the CCP membranes exhibit good mechanical properties and interesting vapor‐triggered actuation performance, which is reversible and repeatable. We find that the unusual polymer structures, high vapor sorption, and anisotropic membranes contribute to the directional deformation performance of the CCP actuators. The synthesis approach in this work provides new insights into the design and fabrication of smart materials for advanced applications.
A comprehensive update on the structure and synthesis of potential drug targets for combating the coronavirus pandemic caused by SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Malik Prerna , Jain Sonika , Jain Pankaj , Kumawat Jyoti , Dwivedi Jaya , Kishore Dharma 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic COVID‐19 created by its severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) variant, known for producing a very severe acute respiratory syndrome, has created an unprecedented situation by its continual assault around the world. The crisis caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 variant has been a global challenge, calling to mitigate this unprecedented pandemic that has engulfed the whole world. Since the outbreak and spread of COVID‐19, many researchers globally have been grappling to find new clinically trialed active drugs with anti‐COVID‐19 activity, from antimalarial drugs to JAK inhibitors, antiviral drugs, immune suppressants, and so forth. This article presents a brief discussion on the activity and synthesis of some active molecules such as favipiravir, hydroxychloroquine, pirfenidone, remdesivir, lopinavir, camostat, chloroquine, baricitinib, molnupiravir, and so forth, which are under trial.
Subthalamic deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease with SNCA mutations: Based on the follow‐up to 10 years
Authors: Youn Jinyoung , Oyama Genko , Hattori Nobutaka , Shimo Yasushi , Kuusimäki Tomi , Kaasinen Valtteri , Antonini Angelo , Kim Dongyeop , Lee Jung‐Il , Cho Kyung Rae , Cho Jin Whan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundsAlthough the short‐term efficacy of bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been reported in a limited number of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with SNCA mutations, there are no data for long‐term outcome.MethodsThis multicenter retrospective study investigated previously reported PD patients with SNCA mutations, implanted with bilateral subthalamic DBS. We compared demographic and clinical data at baseline and last follow‐up. Clinical data of motor and nonmotor symptoms and motor fluctuation were collected up to 10 years from DBS surgery.ResultsAmong four subjects, three had SNCA duplication and one had c.158C.A (p.A53E) mutation. The mean post‐implantation follow‐up duration was 5.4 ± 3.7 years. All patients with SNCA duplication showed favorable outcome, although one died from breast cancer 1.5 years after DBS. The patient with the missense mutation became wheelchair‐bound due to progressed axial, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms after 3.5 years from DBS despite the benefit on motor fluctuation.ConclusionBased on findings in our small cohort, subthalamic DBS could be beneficial for motor fluctuation in PD patients with SNCA mutations, especially those with SNCA duplication, and cognitive and psychiatric symptoms are important for the long‐term outcome of subthalamic DBS.
Assessing the environmental impact of logistics sites through CO2eq footprint computation
Authors: Perotti Sara , Prataviera Lorenzo Bruno , Melacini Marco 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe environmental sustainability of logistics facilities is widely acknowledged as an important issue, but a comprehensive standardised methodology for assessing their environmental impact is lacking. This study proposes a structured model for quantifying both consumptions and generated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, adopting a three‐phase methodology that combines multiple methods. A literature‐based conceptual framework was leveraged to design an analytical model, and in‐depth interviews with 11 senior logistics managers were conducted. The study offers a replicable methodology that considers heterogeneous sources of consumption and related end‐use types, further splitting consumptions and emissions by warehouses' functional areas. It offers a set of Environmental Performance Indicators (EPIs) that could bolster a clearer understanding of the warehouse environmental performance. A robust tool is offered to managers to support their decision‐making processes, allowing for both internal assessments and benchmarking with competitors or other players along the supply chain, thus contributing to shape company's, or even supply chain, sustainability strategies.
Steaming retains more phenolics, dietary fiber, and antioxidant activities than cooking for rice with different milling processes
Authors: Ma Zhan‐Qian , Yi Cui‐Ping , Wu Na‐Na , Tan Bin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe traditional heat processing methods, steaming and cooking treatment, can affect the nutrients in rice, such as phenolics, flavonoids, and dietary fiber. However, there is no systematic assessment that by which heat treatment method and conditions more nutrients in rice can be retained, especially in brown rice, two‐times milling rice, four‐times milling rice, polished rice, and color selection rice (from different milling processes with practical processing at rice milling factory). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of steaming and cooking treatment on the changes in nutrients in rice with different milling processes, including dietary fiber and phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, individual phenolic compounds, antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS, and T‐AOC) in the free, and bound extracts.FindingsCompared with unsteamed and uncooked rice, the total phenolic content (TPC), the total flavonoid content (TFC), and individual phenolic compounds in the free and bound fractions, total anthocyanin content (TAC), and antioxidant activity in the free fractions in brown rice, two‐times milling rice, four‐times milling rice, polished rice, and color selection rice were significantly reduced by steaming and cooking treatment (p < .05). The TAC and antioxidant activity in the bound fractions, soluble dietary fiber (SDF), insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), and total dietary fiber (TDF) in the five rice samples were increased after steaming and cooking. However, it was very interesting that steaming treatment resulted in a less reduction in phenolics and antioxidant activities than cooking.ConclusionsFrom the view of retaining more nutrients, steaming treatment is more suitable for the white rice of the milling process with high milling degree, while cooking treatment is more suitable for the brown rice or rice of milling process with low milling degree. Generally, steaming treatment retains more phenolics, dietary fiber, and antioxidant activities than cooking rice with different milling processes.Significance and noveltyThis study may provide useful reference and offer a simple and practical method to retain more nutrients for preparation and consumption of rice. These results suggest that steaming treatment is an efficient method of daily processing to reduce the loss of nutrients in rice.
Could Guillain–Barré syndrome be triggered by COVID‐19 vaccination?
Authors: Aldeeb Maya , Okar Lina , Mahmud Safa S. , Adeli Gholam A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDue to SARS‐COV‐2 (COVID‐19) pandemic and its catastrophic impact on society, the FDA granted emergency use authorization for some vaccines. Possible rare side effects could not have been observed in this relatively short period. We are reporting an elderly lady with multiple comorbidities who presented with progressive lower limb weakness that started seven days after receiving the first dose of the COVID‐19 vaccine. The electrodiagnostic study showed demyelinating polyneuropathy with secondary axonal degeneration consistent with Guillain–Barré syndrome. We ruled out other possible causes for GBS, suggesting a postvaccine nature for her presentation. The patient received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for five days and gradually improved, which supports our initial diagnosis.
Conservative management of spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection: A case report
Authors: Miyata Takashi , Sannomiya Yuta , Nagayama Taigo , Kin Ryosuke , Nishiki Hisashi , Hashimoto Akifumi , Fujii Yoritaka , Miura Seiko , Kaida Daisuke , Tomita Yasuto , Nakamura Naohiko , Miyashita Tomoharu , Fujita Hideto , Ueda Nobuhiko , Takamura Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSpontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (SISMAD) is a rare and potentially fatal cause diagnosis presenting with acute abdominal; however, because of its rarity, the pathogenic factors of SISMAD remain unknown and no clear cause has been found. Moreover, there is a lack of evidence‐based treatment guidelines.
Tuning the Electronic Structure of Tungsten Oxide for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Electrolyte
Authors: Xu Wei , Ni Xingming‐M. , Zhang Lunjia‐J. , Yang Fan , Peng Zheng , Huang Yifan‐F. , Liu Zhi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEngineering the electronic structure of HER catalysts has been suggested to improve the performance of noble metal‐free catalysts in alkaline electrolytes. Herein, we demonstrated that a suitable cation doping in the tungsten oxide catalyst modified the interfacial structure, surface chemical state and band gap value, which enhanced the HER performance. For the experiments, the cation (Ni, Co and Fe) doped tungsten oxide catalysts were synthesized on nickel foam, on which Ni‐based alloy was decorated. The Co doped catalyst (Co−WO) exhibited an extraordinary HER activity, with a low overpotential of 30 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, Tafel slope of 32 mV dec−1. In this system, the Ni‐based alloy–tungsten oxide interface facilitated water dissociation. Moreover, the decreased band gap and improved conductivity induced by Co doping, further enhanced the charge transfer ability in the HER process. The regulated metal‐oxide heterostructure coupled with cation doping endowed the catalyst with efficient interface active sites, superior electrical conductivity, and enhanced electron transfer kinetics, facilitating the HER performance.
Single DNA Origami Detection by Nanoimpact Electrochemistry
Authors: Pensa Evangelina , Bogawat Yash , Simmel Friedrich C. , Santiago Ibon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDNA has emerged as the material of choice for producing supramolecular building blocks of arbitrary geometry from the ‘bottom up′. Characterisation of these structures via electron or atomic force microscopy usually requires their surface immobilisation. In this work, we developed a nanoimpact electrochemistry platform to detect DNA self‐assembled origami structures in solution, using the intercalator methylene blue as a redox probe. Here, we report the electrochemical detection of single DNA origami collisions at Pt microelectrodes. Our work paves the way towards the characterisation of DNA nanostructures in solution via nanoimpact electrochemistry.
Copper‐Mediated and Catalyzed C—H Bond Amination via Chelation Assistance: Scope, Mechanism and Synthetic Applications
Authors: Ma Jiao‐Li , Zhou Xu‐Ming , Guo Peng‐Hu , Cheng Hui‐Cheng , Ji Hong‐bing 
Published: January 2022

Comprehensive SummaryNitrogen‐containing compounds are ubiquitously found in the fields of organic chemistry, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, medicinal chemistry and functional materials. The C—H bond amination reaction is one of the most straightforward protocols in the C—N bond formation, showing "step" and "atomic" economy. As a catalyst for C—H amination reaction, copper exhibits its unique catalytic properties due to easily accessible oxidation states. The research progress of copper‐catalyzed C—H amination in recent years is summarized. At the same time, reaction mechanisms are also briefly described in representative aminations to provide insights for the development prospects of highly practical and more environmentally benign processes.
PROTOCOL: Social and behaviour change communication interventions for strengthening HIV prevention and research among adolescent girls and young women in low‐ and middle‐income countries: An evidence and gap map
Authors: Bose Devi Leena , Hundal Anhad , Seth Kuhika , Hadi Saif ul , Singh Sabina , Singh Shweta , Saran Ashrita , Goyal Kriti , Joseph Jessy , Salve Solomon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDespite progress in several dimensions of the global HIV response, there seems to be a significant gender and age disparity. Numerous organizations consider it a top priority to accelerate HIV prevention programming among Adolescent Girls and Young Women (AGYW) as unequal gender norms, limited agency and voice, and reduced access to resources put them at higher HIV risk. Gender and age have also been identified as critical gaps within prevention research to ensure the development of biomedical interventions that are responsive to the biological and social needs of AGYW. Towards this, the objectives of the proposed evidence and gap map are to; identify and map existing evidence and gaps on the use of diverse Social and Behaviour Change Communication (SBCC) strategies to strengthen adoption of HIV prevention measures and participation in research among AGYW in LMICs; and, identify areas where more interventions and evidence are needed to inform the design of future SBCC strategies and programs for AGYW engagement in HIV prevention and research.