bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness of varicella-zoster virus among undergraduate students at the University of Namibia
Authors: Tomas Nestor , Kampanza Festus 
Published: July 2022

Although varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is preventable and curable, the disease remains a public health problem in Namibia. Access to vaccination in the country remains a challenge for many citizens including students. No previous study has been conducted to assess awareness on the prevention and control of VZV in Namibia. The overall purpose of the study was to investigate the awareness of hostel students on prevention and control measures for VZV in Namibia. The objective of the study was to assess and describe the awareness of hostel students on the prevention and control measures for VZV in Namibia. A quantitative descriptive study using an online questionnaire was used. Simple random sampling was used to select 165 respondents. Descriptive statistics and a non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test were performed to test the mean differences between variables and the significance of the data. A great proportion of the respondents, 70.7% (n=118), were aware that VZV is caused by a virus (0.71±0.45) while 76% (n=127) (0.76±0.42) were aware that VZV can be vaccinated against. The study found a strong association between aetiology (p=0.03), available information (p=0.00), mode of transmission (p=0.23), and knowledge on contagious diseases (p=0.03). The results were inconclusive as to whether the level of awareness is high or low, owing to the differences in scores for each variable. The study recommends that a mobile clinic be established on campus to offer health education information.
Psychological Distress and Post-COVID Sequelae in Postpartum Females after Clinically Stable COVID-19 Infections
Authors: Bahadur Anupama , Mundhra Rajlaxmi , Sharma Shloka , Ajmani Megha , Zaman Rabia , Chaturvedi Jaya 
Published: July 2022

Objective
The objective of this study was to identify the presence of any post-COVID physical and stress sequelae up to 3 months postpartum.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary center from India wherein all clinically stable COVID-positive pregnant women delivering between May 2020 to January 2021 were included. These women were evaluated at 3 months postpartum using Standard Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)-Civilian Checklist, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS).

Results
Among 42 women evaluated, most of the women felt that they had returned to their pre-COVID health (76.19%, 32 women). Three women (7.14%) had some persistent symptoms, and another seven women (16.66%) were not sure whether they felt the same as pre-COVID health status. Self-reported symptoms such as fatigue, myalgia, and nightmare were reported in 21.43%, 14.28%, and 2.38%, respectively. The frequency of stress and anxiety as seen with the DASS was seen in one (2.38%) and three (7.14%) women, respectively. Although none of the women had PTSD, 9.52% were potential candidates for PTSD. The mean score in FSS was 12.57 ± 4.14 and through Visual Analog Fatigue Scale score was 4.76 ± 1.28.

Conclusion
Postpartum women are at risk of post-COVID physical and stress sequelae.
Microsatellite instability in colon cancer
Authors: Arora Savita , Adhikari Narayan , Rathi Arun Kumar , Singh Kishore , Sakhuja Puja 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Due to the defects of mismatch repair (MMR) genes MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6, the mutations which occur in microsatellite region are not repaired during deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis, leading to microsatellite instability (MSI). MSI is one of the major molecular changes that occur in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Studies have shown that MMR deficient CRC has different clinicopathological characteristics and a better stage adjusted survival when compared to microsatellite stable tumors.

Materials and Methods:
We have retrospectively analyzed the cases of colon cancers treated in our institute for 3 years from 2017 to 2019. Most of the patients underwent surgery and received adjuvant chemotherapy. MSI testing was done in surgical specimen with immunohistochemistry. The clinical details of the patients were tabulated in Microsoft Excel, and statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).

Results:
A total of 52 patients who were treated in our institution from 2017 to 2019 were analyzed. The mean age was 46.8 ± 13.5 (19–72) years. The male-to-female ratio was 8:5. No significant association in patient demographics and clinicopathological parameters was observed between MSI stable and unstable disease. However, lymphovascular invasion showed a significantly higher trend in MSI unstable patients (P = 0.052). The median progression-free survival (PFS) of the entire cohort was 27.8 months (95% confidence interval = 22.7–32.9) and the median overall survival (OS) is not reached. The median PFS is 21.3 months in MSI stable patients whereas it is not reached in MSI unstable patients (P = 0.049). The median OS is 27.1 months in MSI stable patients, but it is not reached in MSI unstable patients and the difference shows a trend towards statistical significance (P = 0.061).

Conclusion:
MSI unstable tumors were found to have higher PFS and higher OS in our study. It needs prospective validation in larger studies in Indian scenario.
A Case-Control Study to Determine the Microbiological Spectrum and Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns in Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Authors: Muthumalai Muthumeena , Alam Md. Shahid , Shrirao Neha , Mahalakshmi B. , Mukherjee Bipasha 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
To analyze the microbiological spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity patterns in children with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO).

Methods:
One hundred thirty-four eyes of 123 children in the age group of 0–16 years with a diagnosis of CNLDO who underwent lacrimal surgical procedures were included in this prospective comparative study. Sixty-two children in the age-matched group planned for intraocular surgery with patent nasolacrimal duct were deemed controls. The conjunctival swab after performing Regurgitation on Pressure over the Lacrimal Sac in the CNLDO group and the conjunctival swab in controls were sent for microbiological analysis. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done for commonly employed antibiotics by the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method.

Results:
Of 134 samples collected in the CNLDO group, 111 (82.8%) samples were culture positive. There were 165 bacteria isolated, among which 139 (84.24% of isolates) were Gram-positive bacteria, and 26 (15.75% of isolates) were Gram-negative. Fungal isolates were obtained in 2.23% of cases. The most common Gram-positive isolate was Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) (n = 51, 30.9% of total isolates), and the most common Gram-negative isolate was Haemophilus influenza species (n = 9, 5.5% of total isolates). Gram-positive isolates were sensitive mostly to gentamicin and vancomycin (95.5% each), and Gram-negative isolates to amikacin (92.3%). Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates were susceptible to gatifloxacin (80% each). Probing outcomes were similar among Gram-positive (success, 84.6%) and Gram-negative (success, 84.0%) organisms.

Conclusions:
There was a predominance of Gram-positive isolates in children with CNLDO with S. epidermidis being the most common. The microbiological profile did not have any effect on the outcomes of probing.
Comparison of Pterygium Recurrence with and Without Using Postsurgical Topical Cyclosporin a 0.05%
Authors: Alizadeh Yousef , Akbari Mitra , Moghadam Reza Soltani , Dourandeesh Maryam , Moravej Zahra 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
To evaluate the efficacy of 3-month administration of topical cyclosporin A (CsA) 0.05% on postoperative recurrence after pterygium surgery.

Methods:
In this randomized clinical trial, 78 patients undergoing pterygium surgery (using the rotational conjunctival flap technique with mitomycin C [MMC]) were enrolled and randomly allocated into the control (n = 39) and case (CsA) (n = 39) groups in a single-blind method. The patients were examined on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7 and months 1, 3, and 6, and their best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, clinical inflammation, postoperative complications, and recurrence were compared.

Results:
The mean age of patients was 53.22 ± 9.99 years; most (57.7%) of them were men. The two groups were not different in terms of demographics, pterygium size, or pterygium grade. The clinical inflammation at the first and third postoperative months was not different between the groups (P = 0.108 and 0.780, respectively). No serious complications were detected; complication rates were not different between the groups (P = 0.99). The recurrence rate was 5.1% in the case group and 7.7%% in the control group (P = 0.99).

Conclusion:
The present study showed no priority for 3-month administration of CsA 0.05% drops on postoperative outcomes, including prevention of pterygium recurrence, complications, and inflammation after the rotational conjunctival autograft technique with MMC.
Bilateral Vision Loss in An Adult Patient with Woakes' Syndrome
Authors: Aghdam Kaveh A , Aghajani Ali , Hemmati Sara , Sanjari Mostafa Soltan 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
To report a rare case of Woakes' syndrome presented with bilateral vision loss.

Methods:
A 28-year-old male with a 1-year history of vision loss in the left eye was referred to the neuro-ophthalmology clinic after sudden vision loss in his right eye. A detailed review of clinical findings and the presumed pathophysiological basis of vision loss was performed.

Results:
Neuroimaging revealed bilateral massive nasal polyps, sphenoid sinus mucocele formation, and optic nerve dehiscence inside the sphenoid sinus. The vision in the right eye was restored after pulse corticosteroid therapy; however, the left eye remained severely visually compromised even after nasal polypectomy and mucocele drainage.

Conclusion:
Sinonasal disorders should be sought for patients with unexplained vision loss, as prompt intervention could be vision-saving in these patients.
Prevalence of Pediatric Cataract in Asia
Authors: Tariq Muhammad Ali , Uddin Qazi Shurjeel , Ahmed Bilal , Sheikh Shehryar , Ali Uzair , Mohiuddin Ashar 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis for estimating the prevalence of pediatric cataracts across Asia.

Methods:
A detailed literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases, from 1990 to July 2021, was performed to include all studies reporting the prevalence of cataracts among children. Two researchers performed the literature search and screening of articles independently, and a third researcher critically reviewed the overall search and screening process to ensure the consistency. The JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for studies reporting prevalence data was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies.

Results:
Of the 496 identified articles, 35 studies with a sample size of 1,168,814 from 12 Asian countries were included in this analysis. The estimated pooled prevalence of pediatric cataracts in Asian children is 3.78 (95% confidence interval: 2.54–5.26)/10,000 individuals with high heterogeneity (I[2] = 89.5%). The pooled prevalence by each country per 10,000 was 0.60 in Indonesia, 0.92 in Bangladesh, 1.47 in Iran, 2.01 in Bhutan, 3.45 in Laos, 3.68 in China, 4.27 in Thailand, 4.47 in India, 5.33 in Malaysia, 5.42 in Nepal, 9.34 in Vietnam, and 10.86 in Cambodia.

Conclusions:
This study utilizes existing literature to identify the prevalence of cataracts in Asian children. Moreover, it highlights the need for more epidemiological studies with large sample sizes from other countries in Asia to accurately estimate the burden of disease.
Presumed Combined Brilliant Blue G and Endolight-Induced Macular Damage Following Epiretinal Membrane Removal Surgery
Authors: Venkatesh Ramesh , Gupta Aditi , Yadav Naresh Kumar , Chhablani Jay 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
To report a rare case of macular outer retinal and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) damage following brilliant blue G (BBG)-assisted epiretinal membrane (ERM) removal surgery.

Methods:
Retrospective, observational case report.

Results:
An 85-year-old lady presented with decreased vision in the left eye and a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/400. The right eye examination was within normal limits. The left eye had a significant cataract, and the fundus examination through the cataractous haze showed an ERM with macular pucker, which was confirmed on an optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan. A combined cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation and BBG-assisted ERM removal and internal limiting membrane peeling surgery was performed. Over the subsequent visits, a well-defined area of outer retinal and RPE alteration was identified on OCT and fundus autofluorescence without significant improvement in visual acuity. At the last follow-up visit, the visual acuity minimally improved to 20/200.

Conclusions:
Macular toxicity due to repeated usage of BBG dye and high intensity focal endo-illumination may lead to poor visual outcome following ERM removal or similar macular surgeries. Adequate precautions need to be taken to prevent vision loss.
Reflexión sobre las inteligencias múltiples en la era digital
Authors: Suriano Maldonado Ana Leticia , Caal Tiul German Raul , Castellón Nufio Lindayk Gicelena , Villela Cervantes Claudia Esmeralda 
Published: July 2022

OBJETIVO: reflexionar sobre las inteligencias múltiples en la era digital. MÉTODO: es descriptivo, se hizo una revisión bibliográfica del tema. RESULTADOS: en el siglo XXI los procesos educativos requieren un abordaje holístico desde una perspectiva del aprendizaje. La era digital sobrepasó las capacidades de la institucionalidad educativa. En este contexto, el proceso educativo requiere armonizar las propuestas de las inteligencias múltiples y así aprovechar las oportunidades que ofrecen las TIC que permiten el crecimiento de las personas. CONCLUSIÓN: según las inteligencias múltiples en los procesos de aprendizaje se logra generar nuevos conocimientos y diversas inteligencias a lo largo de la vida que sirven para enfrentar los desafíos que presenta el siglo XXI.
Bimbingan Pranikah dan Dampaknya terhadap Pemahaman Kehidupan Rumah Tangga di Kecamatan Curup Tengah Kabupaten rejang lebong
Authors: Hadi Adri , Bin Ridwan Rifanto , Sutarto Sutarto 
Published: July 2022

Tesis berjudul “Bimbingan Pra Nikah dan dampaknya Terhadap Pemahaman kehidupan Rumah Tangga Di Kecamatan Curup Tengah Kabupaten Rejang Lebong” dengan dua macam rumusan masalah, pertama Bagaimana pelaksanaan bimbingan pranikah bagi calon pengantin terhadap keharmonisan rumah tangga di KUA Kecamatan Curup Tengah Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, kedua Bagaimana dampak bimbingan Pranikah terhadap Pemahaman Rumah Tangga di Kecamatan Curup Tengah. Dengan tujuan pertama untuk mengetahui peran bimbingan pranikah di KUA Kecamatan Curup Tengah Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, kedua Untuk mengetahui dampal tingkat kisruh rumah tangga di Kecamatan Curup Tengah Kabupaten Rejang Lebong meningkat sedangkan calon pengantin telah dilakukan bimbingan pranikah.
Memberikan bimbingan Perkawinan yang dilaksanakan oleh Kantor Urusan Agama dilaksanakan sebelum para peserta melaksanaan akad nikah dan dilaksanakan Sedangkan modul yang digunakan adalah buku Modul Bimbingan Perkawinan untuk Calon Pengantin dan buku Fondasi Keluarga Sakinah. Undang-undang perkawinan menjadi landasan hukum tentang bagaimana membentuk sebuah keluarga yang sah terutama dihadapan negara. Undang-undang ini menegaskan maksud dan tujuan perkawinan sebagai ikatan lahir dan batin antara seorang laki-laki dan perempuan sebagai suami istri. Ikatan ini dibangun dengan tujuan membentuk keluarga yang bahagia dan kekal berdasarkan Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa. Oleh karena itu, Undang-undang ini meletakkan syarat-syarat untuk melakukan perkawinan. Undang-undang ini juga membuat upaya pencegahan dan bahkan pembatalan terhadap perkawinan yang berpotensi tidak bahagia atau tidak sesuai dengan tujuan perkawinan
Using a CDFI-Like Program to Expand Online Lending to Minority Business Owners
Authors: Mary Zhu  
Published: July 2022

Minority business owners face challenges in accessing credit due to banking industry-wide trends moving away from small-dollar loans and because many have less formal credit information. Online lenders have emerged to meet this market demand, using various sources of data besides credit scores to assess creditworthiness. These platforms help minority business owners who have limited credit data. However, online lenders may suffer liquidity problems during a recession, when business owners may be especially in need of funding.
This Note advocates for programs that incentivize online lenders to invest in low-income and minority communities. Specifically, this Note outlines a proposal for a community development financial institution fund-like subsidy system that offers federal grants to online lenders that invest in certain low-income communities and businesses, upon the condition that these lenders will maintain enough capital reserves to ensure they can continue providing credit during a recession. Such a program can help ensure minority business owners have consistent access to credit.
Posición anormal del disco articular y cambios morfológicos óseos. Hospital de la Policía Nacional de Guayaquil nº 2. 2018
Authors: Yulán Ceavichay Gino Andrés , Cañarte Luna Guillermo Andrés 
Published: July 2022

Introducción: Entre los problemas más comunes de la articulación temporomandibular se encuentra el desplazamiento de disco. Las resonancias magnéticas proporcionan información del disco articular. Objetivo: Determinar si la posición anormal del disco articular causa cambios morfológicos óseos del cóndilo mandibular y la eminencia articular. Materiales y métodos: estudio imagenológico, descriptivo no experimental de corte retrospectivo. Muestra: 103 resonancias magnéticas de pacientes de 12 años en adelante, entre años 2012 al 2018; fueron observadas y analizadas. Resultados: Utilizando la clasificación en categorías de Nebbe, se destacó que el 65% de los pacientes se presentaron en categoría 1; el 22% de los pacientes se ubicó en categoría 2. Entre lo más relevante, basado en la clasificación de deformidades de Valladares, el cóndilo mandibular normal en el 83% del total de la muestra, cóndilo mandibular aplanado, en 13%. Para la eminencia articular, usando la clasificación de deformidades de Kurita, la mayor relevancia fue para la forma sigmoidea con 64%, y la forma de caja con el 19%. Conclusión: No existe una relación del disco y cambios óseos, sin embargo, no existe una diferencia significativa (valor p > al 5% 0.05) que afirme esta no relación entre el disco articular y los cambios óseos.
واقع استخدام طلبة الجامعات في سلطنة عُمان لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي أثناء التعلم عن بعد في ظل جائحة كورونا (كوفيد-19)
Authors: جمعة أمجد , السعودي شريف , اللواتي عصام , الراشدي إجلال 
Published: July 2022

هدفت الدراسة الحالية التعرّف إلى واقع استخدام طلبة الجامعات في سلطنة عُمان لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي أثناء التعلم عن بعد في ظل جائحة كورونا (كوفيد-19). وتكونت عينة الدراسة الفعلية من (1083) طالب وطالبة ممن يتلقون تعليمهم بالجامعات العُمانية بسلطنة عُمان والمسجلين في العام الدراسي الأكاديمي (2020-2021)، حيث تم اختيارهم بطريقة عشوائية. ولتحقيق أغراض الدراسة اعتمد الباحثون في دراستهم المنهج الوصفي الذي يهدف إلى فهم وتفسير الظواهر. ومن أدوات الدراسة التي تم تطبيقها استبانة دوافع استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي لـ جمعة (2020). وتوصلت النتائج إلى أن أكثر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي شيوعاً لدى طلبة الجامعات بسلطنة عمان أثناء فترة التعلم عن بعد الواتس اَب بنسبة (86%)، يليه الأنستجرام في المركز الثاني بنسبة (84%)، وسناب شات في المركز الثالث بنسبة 85%، بينما حل برنامج الفايبر في الترتيب الأخير بنسبة (0.1%). كما بلغ معدل استخدام الطالب الجامعي اليومي لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي لأكثر من 4 ساعات يوميا نسبة (50%) من أفراد العينة. كما كشفت النتائج أن (47.8%) من أفراد العينة يستخدمون شبكات التواصل في جميع الأوقات و(43.7%) يستخدمونها فترة المساء. و بينت النتائج أن أكثر الموضوعات التي يشارك ويتفاعل معها الطالب الجامعي عبر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي المختلفة كانت ذات طابع اجتماعي بنسبة (81.1%)، وفي المرتبة الثانية الموضوعات التعليمية بنسبة (53%) وخاصة في ضوء جائحة كورنا-19 وتحول التعليم الوجاهي إلى تعليم عن بعد.
الكلمات المفتاحية: وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي؛ التعلم عن بعد؛ جائحة كورونا؛ الدوافع الأكاديمية.
Taxonomical study of Caroxylon jordanicola (Eig) Akhani & Roalson (Amaranthaceae) in Al-Tar Caves, Karbala, Iraq
Authors: Al-Joboury Khansaa Rasheed , Aliwy Sukeyna Abaas 
Published: July 2022

The present study dealt with the morphological, anatomical,trichomespollen grains,and ecological characteristics of Caroxylon jordanicola (EigAkhani & Roalson (Amaranthaceae) in Al-Tar Caves, Karbala, Iraq which belongs to the Amaranthaceae family. The results of the present study demonstrated that There are distinctive characteristics of the studied species distinguish it from other species and facilitate its diagnosis. The sample was diagnosed using the taxonomic keys of the Iraqi flora and the flora of neighboring countriesIn addition to some available research. The results of the morphological and anatomical features investigation provide really significant taxonomical value to distinguish the species. The results that showed that this species is annual to 40 cm, semi- spherical, lower leaves 1-3 cm, caduceus, other leaves to 2.5 mm, with broad, has non-glandular trichomes and glandular trichomes. The species recorded 7 μm the average thickness of the cuticle layer. cortex thickness was also recorded and measured, which was 210 μm. the average thickness of Phloem was 40μm, It has the presence of a bundle cap fibers (Bundle sheath) which consists of sclerenchyma fibers that appear in a ring around the Phloem. The average thicknesof xylem was 190 μm and pith thickness was 240 μm.
Status of vitamin D level in newly diagnosed pemphigus vulgaris patients
Authors: Mishra Manasi , Samanta Maheswar , Mohanty Prasenjeet , Acharya Srikanta , Rattan Roma 
Published: July 2022

Background: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), one common type of pemphigus, that affects the skin and mucous membranes, produce keratinocyte acantholysis by desmoglein-3 autoantibodies. Many medical conditions, including autoimmune illnesses, have been linked to vitamin D deficiency. Aim of study: To measure vitamin D level of Pemphigus Vulgaris patients and compare that with healthy controls& severity of disease. Material and Methods: Newly diagnosed PV patients (44) were compared to 50 healthy controls in this case-control study on vitamin D levels. At S.C.B. Medical College & Hospital, Odisha, the dermatology department chose all patients over a two-year period (2017-2019). Pemphigus vulgaris lesion severity ratings were used to measure the disease severity. The 25(OH) D levels in the blood were determined using the ECLIA method (Electro chemiluminescence immunoassay) in Cobas e411 analyzer. Analyses of the data included independent t-tests and pearson correlations. Results: Gender, age, and other characteristics of both groups were virtually identical. The study comprised 44 patients (27 females and 17 males) and 50 controls (including 19 men and 31 women). Eighty-six percent of patients had moderate to severe involvement, whereas 11% had minor lesions. Patients had Vitamin D levels of 14.44±9.03, compared to 32.88±15.66 for controls (p<0.05).