bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive biomarker profiles and chemometric filtering of urinary metabolomics for effective discrimination of prostate carcinoma from benign hyperplasia
Authors: Amante Eleonora , Cerrato Andrea , Alladio Eugenio , Capriotti Anna Laura , Cavaliere Chiara , Marini Federico , Montone Carmela Maria , Piovesana Susy , Laganà Aldo , Vincenti Marco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in male individuals, principally affecting men over 50 years old, and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Actually, the measurement of prostate-specific antigen level in blood is affected by limited sensitivity and specificity and cannot discriminate PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia patients (BPH). In the present paper, 20 urine samples from BPH patients and 20 from PCa patients were investigated to develop a metabolomics strategy useful to distinguish malignancy from benign hyperplasia. A UHPLC-HRMS untargeted approach was carried out to generate two large sets of candidate biomarkers. After mass spectrometric analysis, an innovative chemometric data treatment was employed involving PLS-DA classification with repeated double cross-validation and permutation test to provide a rigorously validated PLS-DA model. Simultaneously, this chemometric approach filtered out the most effective biomarkers and optimized their relative weights to yield the highest classification efficiency. An unprecedented portfolio of prostate carcinoma biomarkers was tentatively identified including 22 and 47 alleged candidates from positive and negative ion electrospray (ESI+ and ESI−) datasets. The PLS-DA model based on the 22 ESI+ biomarkers provided a sensitivity of 95 ± 1% and a specificity of 83 ± 3%, while that from the 47 ESI− biomarkers yielded an 88 ± 3% sensitivity and a 91 ± 2% specificity. Many alleged biomarkers were annotated, belonging to the classes of carnitine and glutamine metabolites, C21 steroids, amino acids, acetylcholine, carboxyethyl-hydroxychroman, and dihydro(iso)ferulic acid.
Hospitalization rates from radiotherapy complications in the United States
Authors: Tonse Raees , Ramamoorthy Venkataraghavan , Rubens Muni , Saxena Anshul , McGranaghan Peter , Veledar Emir , Hall Matthew D. , Chuong Michael D. , Ahluwalia Manmeet S. , Mehta Minesh P. , Kotecha Rupesh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHospitalizations due to radiotherapy (RT) complications result in significant healthcare expenditures and adversely affect the quality of life of cancer patients. Using a nationally representative dataset, the objective of this study is to identify trends in the incidence of these hospitalizations, their causes, and the resulting financial burden. Data from the National Inpatient Sample was retrospectively analyzed from 2005 to 2016. RT complications were identified using ICD-9 and ICD-10 external cause-of-injury codes. The hospitalization rate was the primary endpoint, with cost and in-hospital death as secondary outcomes. 443,222,223 weighted hospitalizations occurred during the study period, of which 482,525 (0.11%) were attributed to RT. The 3 most common reasons for RT-related hospitalization were cystitis (4.8%, standard error [SE] = 0.09), gastroenteritis/colitis (3.7%, SE = 0.07), and esophagitis (3.5%, SE = 0.07). Aspiration pneumonitis (1.4-fold) and mucositis (1.3-fold) had the highest relative increases among these hospitalizations from 2005 to 2016, while esophagitis (0.58-fold) and disorders of the rectum and anus were the lowest (0.67-fold). The median length of stay of patient for hospitalization for RT complications was 4.1 (IQR, 2.2–7.5) days and the median charge per patient was $10,097 (IQR, 5755–18,891) and the total cost during the study period was $4.9 billion. Hospitalization for RT-related complications is relatively rare, but those that are admitted incur a substantial cost. Use of advanced RT techniques should be employed whenever possible to mitigate the risk of severe toxicity and therefore reduce the need to admit patients.
Online Reviews of Hearing Aid Acquisition and Use: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis
Authors: Heselton Tayla , Bennett Rebecca J. , Manchaiah Vinaya , Swanepoel De Wet 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:
Online reviews have become increasingly common for consumers to share their experiences about products and to assist potential consumers with decision making. The current study was aimed to understand the hearing aid user experience from online consumer reviews using qualitative analysis.

Method:

The study used a qualitative thematic analysis to analyze open text responses from consumers leaving hearing aid reviews on the
http://www.HearingTracker.com
website. One thousand three hundred seventy-eight online consumer hearing aid reviews (open-text responses) were extracted and analyzed.

Results:
Three domains emerged within the data set, containing 11 themes and 136 subthemes. Domain one (Clinical Processes) contained two themes: Hearing Assessment and Hearing Aid Acquisition. Domain two (The Device) contained five themes: Function, Performance, Physical, Device Management, and Maintenance. Domain three (The Person) contained four themes: Satisfaction, Quality of Life, Personal Adjustment, and Knowledge. The themes gave an understanding that there were a contribution of factors that formed part of a consumers hearing aid user experience.

Conclusions:
Hearing aid users described a range of positive, negative, and neutral descriptions online about their hearing aid user experience and gave advice to fellow hearing aid users helping clinicians improve their hearing aid fitting skills in practice. These findings have implications to future product development as well as service delivery model in terms of developing strategies for fostering patient-centered audiological practice.
Iterative Development of Caregiver-Implemented Behavioral Intervention via Telehealth: A Focus on Feasibility
Authors: Neely Leslie C. , Carnett Amarie , Hansen Sarah , Courtney Meghan , Cantrell Katherine 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:Applied behavior analysis (ABA) interventions are considered an evidence-based practice for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. With the recent COVID-19 pandemic, behavior analytic professionals quickly pivoted ABA therapy to the telehealth modality to ensure continuity of services. In particular, this modality has been reported to be particularly effective for caregiver training. As the world transitions from the pandemic, sustainability of the telehealth modality is now in question, with consumer perceptions regarding the feasibility of telehealth identified as crucial to long-term adoption.Method:The article presents two studies conducted over 2 years within a larger host study. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to develop an acceptable and feasible telehealth model by focusing on three aspects of behavioral intervention via telehealth: (a) usability and feasibility of the program as rated by caregivers and coaches, (b) effect of the program on caregiver stress, and (c) choice of telehealth dosage.Results:Results from Study 1 indicate the telehealth modality was usable and feasible for the caregivers and trainers but that they had difficulty scheduling sessions into their daily schedule. Results from Study 1 also suggest that caregiver-led intervention via telehealth led to increased caregiver sense of competency including increased sense of efficacy and satisfaction. Results from Study 2 indicate that caregivers prefer limited or focused services via telehealth as compared to more comprehensive services.Conclusion:Overall, these findings confirm previous research identifying the telehealth modality as feasible but highlight the need to account for impact of the dosage on caregivers.
Optimal downlink and uplink design in a wireless powered two‐user indoor communication system
Authors: M.S. Syam , Che Yue Ling , Luo Sheng , Wu Kaishun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper applies the wireless powered communication network (WPCN) to an indoor communication system with two energy harvesting (EH) enabled users. Unlike the existing WPCN works designed for outdoor communications, where each user harvests energy only from the signals transmitted by a dedicatedly deployed hybrid access point (H‐AP), due to the short device‐to‐device distance in the indoor scenario, each user additionally harvests a sufficient amount of energy from the information signals transmitted by the H‐AP and the other user. First, the joint downlink and uplink throughput are maximized for the wireless powered indoor communication system. This problem is non‐convex. Thus, the authors manage to transform this problem into a convex one and solve it using convex optimization techniques. The solutions reveal that the total throughput increases largely over a reduced device‐to‐device distance due to the resultant harvested energy from both energy and information signals at each user. However, an unfair downlink versus uplink rate allocation phenomenon is observed. Thus, considering the importance of uplink communication quality for various indoor applications, a new problem is further proposed to maximize the uplink sum‐throughput over both users with an additional constraint to ensure a sufficient downlink rate. This problem is also shown to be non‐convex and is solved optimally by using a method similar to that in the first problem. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for improving the downlink versus uplink rate allocation fairness in the indoor wireless‐powered communication system.
Parameter setting method of coordinated control between synchronous condenser and DC system based on dynamic reactive power optimization
Authors: Mo Jingshan , Yan Wei , Chen Xiaolin , Zhang Ziwei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIt is of great significance for improving the safety and stability of the system to realize the coordinated and optimal control between synchronous condenser and DC system in UHVDC converter station. However, the existing dynamic reactive power optimization methods emphasize that the two systems can be scheduled uniformly, which are independent in actual engineering. Therefore, an area‐diagram strategy for synchronous condenser and a dividing‐stage strategy of reactive power exchange for AC/DC system are proposed here. Then, the setting methods of control parameters for the two systems based on dynamic reactive power optimization are proposed. The work of this paper fully considers the abilities and requirements of the two systems. Taking an UHVDC converter station in Northeast China as an example, the effectiveness of the proposed method is analysed. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the operation times of reactive power compensation devices and improve the operation level of system voltage.
Analysis of voltage vectors and realization method of torque ripple reduction for BLDCM
Authors: Yang Jianfei , Zhang Yongmin , Cao Wei , Qiu Xin , Wang Riming , Zhu Bing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBLDCMs are widely used in automotive, industrial and intelligent equipment fields due to their high power density, simple control, and good dynamic performance. However, its non‐sinusoidal characteristics have brought problems such as turn‐off phase freewheeling to the research and application of BLDCM DTC. This paper proposes the definition, particular characteristic analysis, selection scheme and realization method of the voltage vector, especially the novel zero‐voltage vector. Based on the novel zero‐voltage and twelve‐sector vector selection switch table, an improved PWM modulation strategy in a single cycle is proposed to cooperate with them to achieve the reduction of torque ripple. Finally, the correctness and feasibility of the proposed voltage vector and control strategy theory are verified by a series of experiments.
Die retrograde venöse Drainage beim Gefäßersatzshunt 2
Authors: Krönung Gerhard 
Published: March 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGUnterschiedliche Druck-/Flussmuster der Drainagevene beim Gefäßersatzshunt führen regelmäßig zu typischen Formen des Remodeling. Deren Kenntnis ist nicht nur für Indikation und Revision der betroffenen Gefäßersatzshunts wichtig, sondern auch für das grundsätzliche Verständnis der für die Shuntfunktionsdauer entscheidenden Remodeling-Dynamik.
Anwendung moderner Kontrastmittel in der MRT-Diagnostik
Authors: van der Giet Markus 
Published: March 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGGadolinium haltige Kontrastmittel (GdKM) werden als Kontrastverstärker bei der Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) eingesetzt. Allerdings gab es im Jahr 2006 Hinweise darauf, dass sich vor allem bei Patienten mit eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion (CKD IV und CKD V) nach der Applikation von GdKM als Komplikation eine nephrogene systemische Fibrose (NSF) entwickeln kann. Dies hat zu einer zunächst berechtigten massiven Zurückhaltung in der Nutzung der GdKM geführt. Zusätzlich folgten Warnungen seitens der Zulassungsbehörden. Mittlerweile konnte man aber die Ursachen identifizieren und dieses Problem vor allem den linearen GdKM zuordnen, während das Risiko einer NSF unter makrozyklischen GdKM extrem niedrig bis nicht vorhanden ist. Leider ist in der MRT-Diagnostik heute noch immer eine unnötige Zurückhaltung bei der Nutzung von GdKM zu beobachten, auch wenn seitens der Europäischen Gesellschaft für Radiologie noch nicht einmal eine verpflichtende Nierenfunktionsmessung bei Verwendung der makrozyklischen GdKM empfohlen wird. Deshalb muss man immer noch davon ausgehen, dass eine für den Patienten suboptimale Diagnostik durchgeführt wird, obwohl dies gerade bei Patienten mit CKD IV und CKD V nicht begründet ist.
Automatic detection of tumor vessels in indeterminate biliary strictures in digital single-operator cholangioscopy
Authors: Pereira Pedro , Mascarenhas Miguel , Ribeiro Tiago , Afonso João , Ferreira João P. S. , Vilas-Boas Filipe , Parente Marco P.L. , Jorge Renato N. , Macedo Guilherme 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Indeterminate biliary strictures pose a significative clinical challenge. Dilated, irregular, and tortuous vessels, often described as tumor vessels, are frequently reported in biliary strictures with high malignancy potential during digital single-operator cholangioscopy (D-SOC). In recent years, the development of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for application to endoscopic practice has been intensely studied. We aimed to develop an AI algorithm for automatic detection of tumor vessels (TVs) in D-SOC images.
Patients and methods A convolutional neural network (CNN) was developed. A total of 6475 images from 85 patients who underwent D-SOC (Spyglass, Boston Scientific, Marlborough, Massachusetts, United States) were included. Each frame was evaluated for the presence of TVs. The performance of the CNN was measured by calculating the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values.
Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 99.3 %, 99.4 %, 99.6% and 98.7 %, respectively. The AUC was 1.00.
Conclusions Our CNN was able to detect TVs with high accuracy. Development of AI algorithms may enhance the detection of macroscopic characteristics associated with high probability of biliary malignancy, thus optimizing the diagnostic workup of patients with indeterminate biliary strictures.
Solution-processed thin film transistors incorporating YSZ gate dielectrics processed at 400 °C
Authors: Antoniou Giorgos , Halcovitch Nathan R. , Mucientes Marta , Milne William I. , Nathan Arokia , MacManus-Driscoll Judith L. , Kolosov Oleg V. , Adamopoulos George 
Published: March 2022

This work investigates a solution process for yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin film deposition involving the addition of yttria nanoparticles, at 400 °C, in air. Different yttrium doping levels in the YSZ were studied and a wide range of optical, structural, surface, dielectric, and electronic transport properties were also investigated. An optimum yttrium doping level of 5% mol. resulted in the smoothest films (RRMS ∼ 0.5 nm), a wide bandgap (∼5.96 eV), a dielectric constant in excess of 26, and a leakage current of ∼0.3 nA cm−2 at 2 MV/cm. The solution-processed YSZ films were incorporated as gate dielectrics in thin films transistors with solution-processed In2O3 semiconducting channels. Excellent operational characteristics, such as negligible hysteresis, low operational voltages (5 V), electron mobility in excess of 36 cm2 V−1 s−1, high on/off current modulation ratio on the order of 107, and low interfacial trap density states (&lt;1012 cm−2), were demonstrated. In addition, excellent film homogeneity was achieved over a large area (16 × 16 cm2), with both film thickness and capacitance deviation of &lt;1.2%.
Impact of non-ferroelectric phases on switching dynamics in epitaxial ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 films
Authors: Song Tingfeng , Sánchez Florencio , Fina Ignasi 
Published: March 2022

Determining the switching speed and mechanisms in ferroelectric HfO2 is essential for applications. Switching dynamics in orthorhombic epitaxial ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 films with either significant or negligible presence of monoclinic paraelectric phase is characterized. Switching spectroscopy reveals that the polarization dynamics in pure orthorhombic ferroelectric phase films can be modeled by the Kolmogorov–Avrami–Ishibashi mechanism with large characteristic time (≈1 µs), which is shortened in fatigued junctions. The long switching time indicates that non-archetypical switching mechanisms occur and that ionic motion or other extrinsic contributions might be at play. Films containing a higher amount of paraelectric monoclinic phase show a shorter switching time of 69 ns, even in pristine state, for applied electric field parallel to the imprint field, enabling synaptic-like activity using fast electric stimuli. Thus, the presence of defects or paraelectric phase is found to improve the switching speed, contrary to what one can expect a priori.
Imaging-based screening of wheat seed characteristics towards distinguishing drought-responsive Iranian landraces and cultivars
Authors: Rabieyan Ehsan , Bihamta Mohammad Reza , Esmaeilzadeh Moghaddam Mohsen , Mohammadi Valiollah , Alipour Hadi 
Published: March 2022

Improving drought endurance in wheat needs high-throughput screening of yield components including seed volume, area, and weight, all of which are very effortful, time-consuming, and visually mostly infeasible. Imaging-based screening presents an opportunity for more exact/rapid analysis of seed morphometric traits. Therefore, this study was aimed at evaluating the phenotypic diversity of wheat seeds under rain-fed and well-watered conditions by using image analysis. From our observations, the criteria Feret (largest axis length) and MaxR (radius of the enclosing circle centered at the middle of mass) exhibited that grain length is less affected by drought. In the rain-fed environment, seed weight had the highest correlation with seed volume (r = 0.76**) and area (r = 0.76**). The correlation of 1000-grain weight with aspect ratio (r = –0.22**) and Rroundness (r = –0.21**) was negative and also non-significant (P > 0.05). The PCA and cluster analysis highlights the MinR (radius of the inscribed circle centered at the middle of mass), Area, Circ (Circularity), ArEquivD (area equivalent diameter), thickness, and seed volume characteristics can be used as useful parameters to identify genotypes suitable for planting in a rain-fed environment. The relative importance of traits for 1000-grain weight in the neural network displayed that the greatest impact in the rain-fed environment was related to seed volume, area, and MBCRadius (radius of the minimal bounding circle). Overall, our findings permitted the formation of a morphometric seed database for the conservation and characterisation of wheat germplasm.
Light exposure during sleep impairs cardiometabolic function
Authors: Mason Ivy C. , Grimaldi Daniela , Reid Kathryn J. , Warlick Chloe D. , Malkani Roneil G. , Abbott Sabra M. , Zee Phyllis C. 
Published: March 2022

SignificanceAmbient nighttime light exposure is implicated as a risk factor for adverse health outcomes, including cardiometabolic disease. However, the effects of nighttime light exposure during sleep on cardiometabolic outcomes and the related mechanisms are unclear. This laboratory study shows that, in healthy adults, one night of moderate (100 lx) light exposure during sleep increases nighttime heart rate, decreases heart rate variability (higher sympathovagal balance), and increases next-morning insulin resistance when compared to sleep in a dimly lit (<3 lx) environment. Moreover, a positive relationship between higher sympathovagal balance and insulin levels suggests that sympathetic activation may play a role in the observed light-induced changes in insulin sensitivity.
Minority salience and the overestimation of individuals from minority groups in perception and memory
Authors: Kardosh Rasha , Sklar Asael Y. , Goldstein Alon , Pertzov Yoni , Hassin Ran R. 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Our minds are tuned to the uncommon or unexpected in our environment. In most environments, members of minority groups are just that—uncommon. Therefore, the cognitive system is tuned to spotting their presence. Our results indicate that individuals from minority groups are salient in perception, memory, and visual awareness. As a result, we consistently overestimate their presence—leading to an illusion of diversity: the environment seems to be more diverse than it actually is, decreasing our support for diversity-promoting measures. As we try to make equitable decisions, it is important that private individuals and decision-makers alike become aware of this biased perception. While these sorts of biases can be counteracted, one must first be aware of the bias.
Eyetracking the impact of subtitle length and line number on viewers’ allocation of visual attention
Authors: Zahedi Saber , Khoshsaligheh Masood 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Compared to one-line subtitles, two-line subtitles are believed to receive more attention from viewers based on previous research. Yet, in the majority of these studies, two-liners are considerably longer than the one-line subtitles. The authors argue that the findings of the previous studies could have been affected by the difference in subtitle length, and there is a need to operationally distinguish between the impact of subtitle length and line number on viewers’ attention allocation. Therefore, an SMI eye tracker was used in this study to record the eye movements of 32 Iranian viewers while reading the Persian subtitles of a short segment of a feature film, A Prophet (Jacques Audiard 2009). The results showed that the viewers’ attention to one-line subtitles was significantly greater than the attention they allotted to two-line subtitles although they were of the same length. The attention allocated to the long subtitles was also significantly greater compared to the attention paid to the short subtitles. Retrospective interviews also showed that the participants favored short and two-line subtitles.