bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The harms of medicalisation: intersex, loneliness and abandonment
Authors: Jones Charlotte 
Published: February 2022

This article develops loneliness as a political and social justice issue by illustrating the harmful personal and social consequences of the medical jurisdiction over and constitution of variations in sex characteristics. Whilst connections between loneliness, health and illness have been well established, this work customarily identifies the ways illness can lead to, or be caused by, loneliness. Instead, I provide an account of the central role of medicalisation and medical management in producing loneliness. By doing so, I underline the imperative for medical practice to consider its influence upon social and personal, as well as physical, wellbeing. Drawing on stories shared through solicited diaries followed by in-depth interviews with seven people with sex variations and two parents in the UK, I show how accounts of loneliness help to illuminate the violence of abandonment, silencing and marginalisation that often goes unheard, together with hidden or normalised systems of harm. Building on concepts of ethical loneliness and ontological loneliness, I show how structural violations operate to injure trust and self-worth, leading to social unease. I argue for the importance of people with sex variations finding sites of comfort and acceptance, but note the ways that some forms of medicalisation can inhibit alliances and community formation, despite diagnoses also carrying the potential to facilitate informal support structures and collective identities. By bringing together intersex studies with discourses of loneliness, I develop a better understanding of loneliness as a product of social and systemic violence, and the ways in which medical discourses tie in with larger structures of oppression, coercion and control. This article concludes by underlining the need for structural change in our approach to and understanding of sex variations, and with a call for us to become more attentive to these stories of medical harm, to ensure that they are heard and to seek necessary justice.
Impact of prediabetes and duration of diabetes on radial artery atherosclerosis in acute coronary syndrome patients: An optical coherence tomography study
Authors: Li Zixuan , Tang Zhe , Wang Yujie , Liu Zijing , Wang Senhu , Wang Yuntao , Wang Guozhong , Wang Yuping , Guo Jincheng 
Published: February 2022

Background Prediabetes (PDM) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are common among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. The present study evaluated the association between diabetes status and radial artery (RA) atherosclerosis using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in ACS patients. Methods A total of 335 ACS patients who underwent RA OCT were categorized into the DM group, the PDM group, and the normal glucose metabolism (NGM) group. OCT characteristics and clinical variables were compared. Results RA atherosclerotic plaques were more frequent in the PDM and DM groups than in the NGM group (38.7% vs. 33.3% vs. 16.1%, p = 0.001). Lipid and calcified plaque occurrence were significantly more common in the DM group, followed by the PDM and NGM groups (19.3% vs. 14.6% vs. 6.5%, p = 0.027; 11.8% vs. 6.5% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.009). The prevalence of microvessels in the PDM group was significantly higher (42.7% vs 23.7%, p = 0.017) than in the NGM group but was comparable to the DM group. Multivariate analysis revealed that HbA1c level and age were independent predictors of RA plaque formation and eccentric intimal hyperplasia (all p<0.05). Conclusions RA atherosclerosis characteristics differ according to diabetes status. HbA1c level could be a useful marker for RA atherosclerosis progression in ACS patients.
Management of saccular superior cerebellar artery aneurysms: The Buffalo experience case series and systematic review
Authors: Lim Jaims , Nyabuto Elizabeth , Aguirre Alexander O , Waqas Muhammed , Vakharia Kunal , Cappuzzo Justin M , Siddiqui Adnan H 
Published: February 2022

Background Results of the management of superior cerebellar artery (SCA) aneurysms are typically reported in combination with those for all posterior circulation aneurysms. We report our experience with the management of SCA aneurysms and a systematic review of the endovascular management of these rare aneurysms. Methods Patients with saccular SCA aneurysms that were not associated with arteriovenous malformations and who presented to our institute between 2000 and 2017 were identified. Patient demographics, aneurysm characteristics, interventions, and follow-up data were collected, compared, and analyzed. For the review, data including number of aneurysm treated, outcomes, follow-up, and occlusion rates were collected. Results Mean age of the 31 identified patients was 57.4 ± 12.3 years; 19.4% were men. Mean aneurysm size was 5.1 ± 2.9 mm. Seven of 21 patients with unruptured aneurysms were managed conservatively. Ten patients (32.3%) presented with ruptured aneurysms (mean aneurysm size, 6.2 ± 3.2 mm). Treatment was successfully completed in 22 patients: 13-primary coiling, 7-stent-assisted coiling, and 2-microsurgical clipping. Complete angiographic aneurysm occlusion after primary treatments was achieved in 19 (86.4%) patients. The total complication rate among treated patients was 4.2% (1 of 24 treated aneurysms). No minor complications occurred. However, in 2 patients, coil embolization was attempted but aborted due to coil protrusion into the parent artery. Clinical and angiographic follow-up data were available for 26 observed or treated patients. Mean follow-up duration was 5.3 ± 4.5 years. Six articles met our review inclusion criteria and demonstrated similar mean treated aneurysm sizes ranging from 4.6–7.7 mm, and follow-up from these articles ranged from 15.3–50 months. Conclusions Endovascularly treated patients with ruptured and unruptured SCA aneurysms, of which most were <7 mm, had good clinical outcomes with minimal complications.
Comparison of examination techniques of anterior and posterior compartments of the leg for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis: A new examination technique
Authors: Hocagil Abdullah C , Hocagil Hilal , Coskun Sungur Elif , Yardimci Yar Neriman , Akkaya Hocagil Tugba 
Published: February 2022

Objectives Several examination techniques have been described for the diagnosis of leg deep vein thrombosis. These previously described examination techniques aim to detect muscle pain that occurs secondary to increased pressure in the posterior compartment of the leg. However, to the best of our knowledge no studies investigated the frequency of muscle pain on the anterior compartment in patients with leg deep vein thrombosis the objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of muscle pain in the anterior compartment. Methods The patients who were diagnosed with acute deep vein thrombosis were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. Each patient was examined using the techniques that determine the pain on the posterior compartment as well as using the technique we described to detect muscle pain on the anterior compartment. Results Two hunderd forty three patients were enrolled in the study. Among those, both distal and proximal deep vein thrombosis was present in 128 (52.7%) patients. 75% of them had muscle pain in the anterior compartment. Conclusion The results suggested that examination of muscle pain in anterior compartment of leg in patients with both proximal and distal deep vein thrombosis can be used as an additional physical examination techniques for early diagnosis.
Imipenem–cilastatin-induced thrombocytosis: A probable rare case report
Authors: Chen Huadong , Xu Xing’e , Li Piaopiao , Xu Zhenglin 
Published: February 2022

Drug-induced thrombocytosis is difficult to identify and is rarely reported. Here, we report a probable rare case of imipenem–cilastatin-induced thrombocytosis in a 51-year-old female. The patient received imipenem–cilastatin treatment because of an intra-abdominal infection, following which the platelet count increased to a peak value of 1058×109 cells/L in 14 days. When imipenem–cilastatin was replaced by levofloxacin and amikacin, the platelet count decreased progressively and remained within the normal range until the 6-month follow-up. Moreover, platelet counts were independent of the infection. Thrombocytosis was probably attributable to imipenem–cilastatin with a Naranjo score of seven. This is a probable rare case in which the thrombocytosis was likely an adverse reaction induced by imipenem–cilastatin. We suggest that clinicians need to be vigilant concerning the impact of imipenem–cilastatin on platelet count in patients with thrombocytosis.
Alien Limb Phenomenon After Diffuse Corpus Callosum Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Sarkar Peyalee , Ray Biman Kanti , Mukherjee Debaleena , Pandit Alak , Ghosh Ritwik , Benito-León Julián , Dubey Souvik 
Published: February 2022

The alien limb is a phenomenon characterized by a cluster of clinical features wherein the limb behaves autonomously and as separated from a person’s identity. We herein report a 36-year-old Indian female with multiple comorbidities who presented with recurrent episodes of limb-shaking transient ischemic attacks for 1 year, followed by left-sided hemiplegia. During recovering, the patient noticed a feeling that as if her left hand did not belong to herself and acted autonomously (alien limb phenomenon) along with visuospatial deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed ischemic stroke diffusely involving corpus callosum. Magnetic resonance angiography was suggestive of compromised right-sided anterior circulation. This was corroborated by digital subtraction angiography that revealed reduced flow in right internal carotid artery. Diffuse infarction of the corpus callosum requires involvement of both the anterior and the posterior circulation. Due to the lack of clinical features suggestive of chronic internal carotid artery dissection, occlusive atherosclerotic disease of the anterior cerebral circulation associated with possible steal phenomenon from the posterior circulation was the most probable underlying mechanism for the callosal stroke. Steal phenomenon has been proposed as a compensatory mechanism in hemodynamically compromised ischemic parenchyma and it can explain the co-existence of anterior and posterior circulation strokes. This case also highlights how both anterior and posterior types of the alien limb phenomenon can co-exist in a background of vascular insult, resulting from intra-cranial atherosclerotic disease.
The Impact of Climatic, Socioeconomic, and Geographic Factors on the Prevalence of Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis: A Worldwide Ecological Study
Authors: AlQahtani Abdulaziz , Alim Bader , Almudhaibery Faisal , Mulafikh Dhaifallah , Almutairi Sara , Almohanna Saad , Alfawwaz Fahad 
Published: February 2022

Background The prevalence of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) and its associated risk factors have been an issue of debate. Some epidemiological factors have been correlated to the disease prevalence. Objectives To observe the prevalence pattern of AFRS worldwide and to investigate the effect of specific epidemiological factors on the disease prevalence. Methods A systematic review was derived from 1983 to December 2018. Data on the prevalence of AFRS were collected from the selected studies. Relevant factors assessing each city's climate, socioeconomics and geography were used to study the association with AFRS prevalence. Results 35 cities across 5 continents were investigated. The worldwide average rate of AFRS in CRS cases is 7.8% (0.2%–26.7%) in which more than half of the investigated cities (57%) had low AFRS prevalence, while the remaining cities had intermediate (11%) and high (32%) prevalence. Cities with higher temperatures were associated with a higher prevalence of AFRS ( p-value 0.002), whereas cities with humid continental climate were significantly associated with a low prevalence of AFRS ( p-value 0.032). Humidity and wind speed were lower in the cities with higher AFRS prevalence ( p-value 0.018 and 0.008, respectively). There were no significant correlations between AFRS prevalence and economic levels, presence of water bodies, rainfall amounts, altitude, and presence of forests. Conclusion AFRS has a worldwide distribution pattern with varying prevalence. In this ecological study, we observed a correlation between AFRS prevalence and climatic factors (climate classification, humidity, temperature, and wind speed). Socioeconomic factors should be analyzed on an individual basis for better assessment of the relationship with disease prevalence.
Short- and long-term effects of whole-body photobiomodulation on pain, functionality, tissue quality, central sensitisation and psychological factors in a population suffering from fibromyalgia: protocol for a triple-blinded randomised clinical trial
Authors: Navarro-Ledesma Santiago , Gonzalez-Muñoz Ana , Carroll James , Burton Patricia 
Published: February 2022

Background: The development of an integral and global treatment to improve the quality of life in those with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is challenging. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of whole-body photobiomodulation (PBM) on pain perception, functionality, quality of soft tissue, central sensitisation and psychological factors in patients suffering with FMS. Methods: This study is a randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 44 participants will be recruited in a private care practice and randomised to receive either a whole-body PBM therapy programme or placebo in the same care centre. The parameters of the PBM programme are as follows: wavelengths of red and near-infrared LEDs 50:50 ratio with 660–850 nanometers; fluence of 25.2 J/cm2; treatment time of 1200 s and a total power emitted of 967 W. Treatment sessions will be 3 times weekly for a period of 4 weeks, totalling 12 treatment sessions. Primary outcome will be pain (Numeric Pain Rating Scale; Widespread Pain Index; Symptom Severity Score). Secondary outcomes will be functionality (Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire; the Leisure Time Physical Activity Instrument), quality of soft tissue (elastography), central sensitisation (pain pressure threshold and the Autonomic Symptom Profile) and psychological factors (Pain Catastrophising scale, Tampa Scale, Self-Efficacy questionnaire). Assessments will be at baseline (T1), after session 6 (T2), after treatment (T3) and 2 weeks (T4), 3 (T5) and 6 (T6) month follow-up. Discussion: PBM therapy has been shown to reduce pain and inflammation and to increase the rate of tissue repair for a wide range of conditions, but its potential use as a whole-body treatment in FM is yet to be explored. This trial will investigate whether whole-body PBM therapy is effective at reducing pain intensity, improving functionality, quality of soft tissue, central sensitisation symptoms and psychological measurements. Furthermore, 3- and 6-month follow-up will investigate long-term efficacy of this treatment. Trial registration: NCT04248972. Registered on January 29, 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04248972?term=navarro-ledesma+santiago&draw=2&rank=2 .
Impact resistance of porosity-free fiber-reinforced concrete (PFFRC) beams under low-velocity impact loading
Authors: Kishi Norimitsu , Komuro Masato , Kono Katsuya , Kawarai Tomoki 
Published: February 2022

Ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) is an advanced cement-based composite material. Its ultrahigh compressive strength and high ductility can enable the downsizing of structural members, with special application to high-rise buildings. These excellent mechanical properties also allow its application in protective structures to resist high-speed penetration, low-velocity impact, and blast loading. UHPFRC with a compressive strength of approximately 150–200 MPa has traditionally been used to investigate the impact resistance of structural members under low-velocity impact loading. Recently, however, porosity-free concrete of the 400 MPa class of compressive strength has been developed. In this paper, to investigate the effects of the concrete strength and the steel fiber volume fraction on the impact resistance of porosity-free fiber-reinforced concrete (PFFRC) members, static and drop-weight impact loading tests were conducted on PFFRC beams by varying the volume fraction of steel fiber from 1 to 3.5%. As reference beams, 90 MPa high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete (HSFRC) beams with a 2% fiber volume fraction and normal-strength concrete (NSC) beams without stirrups and steel fibers were also tested. The results obtained from this study were as follows: (1) the static load-carrying capacity of a PFFRC beam can be enhanced by more than two and three times that of an NSC beam by adding 1 and 3.5% volume fractions of steel fiber, respectively; (2) a PFFRC beam with 3.5% fiber had the greatest impact resistance of all the beams considered in this study, and the beam with 2% fiber volume had the second-greatest performance, but the difference was small; (3) even though an HSFRC beam with 2% fiber had a smaller static load-carrying capacity than a PFFRC beam with 1% fiber, the former exhibited a slightly greater impact resistance than the latter because the bridging effect of the steel fibers has a greater influence under impact loading than under static loading.
Incidence of thromboembolism and thromboprophylaxis in medical patients admitted to specialized hospital in Ethiopia using Padua prediction score
Authors: Asmamaw Mulugeta , Hungnaw Wubet , Motbainor Achenef , Kedir Hanan Muzeyin , Tadesse Tamrat Assefa 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism is a major cause of mortality and morbidity among hospitalized patients and thromboprophylaxis is one of the key strategies to reduce such events. We aimed to assess venous thromboembolism risk using Padua prediction score, thromboprophylaxis practice, and outcomes in hospitalized medical patients at Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 219 patients admitted to Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital from 1 December 2018 to 31 May 2019. Data were collected from patients’ medical records using a pre-tested data abstraction format to collect patients’ clinical information and venous thromboembolism risk using the Padua prediction score. We used Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26 for data analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the findings, and binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess association between the variables of interest. Results: Reduced mobility, recent trauma and/or surgery, heart and/or respiratory failure, and active cancer were the frequently identified venous thromboembolism risk factors. Based on Padua prediction score, 48.4% of patients were at high risk of developing venous thromboembolism. The venous thromboembolism prophylaxis was given only for 55 (25.1%) patients and 15 of them were at low risk of developing venous thromboembolism (<4 Padua score) and were ineligible for thromboprophylaxis. Fifteen (6.84%) patients developed venous thromboembolism events during their stay at the hospital and 80% of them were from high risk group. The odds of females to develop venous thromboembolism were more than 14 times higher (adjusted odds ratio = 14.51; 95% confidence interval: 2.52–83.39, p = 0.003) than males. Reduced mobility (adjusted odds ratio = 10.00; 95% confidence interval: 1.70–58.70), <1 month trauma and/or surgery (adjusted odds ratio = 18.93; 95% confidence interval: 2.30–155.56), active cancer (adjusted odds ratio = 6.00; 95% confidence interval: 1.05–34.27), chronic kidney diseases (adjusted odds ratio = 61.790; 95% confidence interval: 2.627–1453.602), and hypertension (adjusted odds ratio = 7.270; 95% confidence interval: 1.105–47.835) were significantly associated with the risk of developing venous thromboembolism. Conclusion: Nearly half of the patients were at risk of developing venous thromboembolism. Underutilization of thromboprophylaxis and inappropriate use of prophylaxis were commonly seen in Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital.
Microdissection oncoTESE (micro-oncoTESE) in azoospermic men with suspected testicular cancer: Analysis of outcomes from a specialist centre
Authors: Kaul Asheesh , Katelaris Athos , Haider Aiman , Freeman Alex , Ahmed Kamran , Alnajjar Hussain M , Muneer Asif 
Published: February 2022

Objective: The main aim of this study was to report the outcomes of azoospermic men with suspicious testicular lesions, undergoing microsurgical sperm retrieval (micro-oncoTESE) at the time of radical/partial orchidectomy. Patients and methods: Testicular lesions suspicious for cancer were confirmed on ultrasound scanning. In patients undergoing radical inguinal orchidectomy, ex vivo microdissection of the unaffected testicular parenchyma was performed. Microdissection was performed in vivo for partial orchidectomy. The primary outcome measure was surgical sperm retrieval (SSR) rate. Results: A total of 33 patients (median age 33 years, interquartile range (IQR) 22) with suspected testicular cancer (TCa) underwent micro-oncoTESE. Histological analysis confirmed TCa in 26 patients and benign pathology in 7 patients. The overall SSR rate was 39%. Sub-analysis of patients with TCa and benign histology found that the SSR was 46% and 14%, respectively. There was no significant difference in maximum tumour length between successful and unsuccessful SSR groups 33.9 mm ± 23 (SD) versus 29.8 mm ± 17.5 (SD) ( p = 0.62). Conclusion: Based on our cohort, micro-oncoTESE provides an option for sperm retrieval in azoospermic men with testicular lesions.
Exportin Crm1 is important for Swi6 nuclear shuttling and MBF transcription activation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Belanger Kenneth D. , Yewdell William T. , Barber Matthew F. , Russo Amy N. , Pettit Mark A. , Damuth Emily K. , Hussain Naveen , Geier Susan J. , Belanger Karyn G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Swi6 acts as a transcription factor in budding yeast, functioning in two different heterodimeric complexes, SBF and MBF, that activate the expression of distinct but overlapping sets of genes. Swi6 undergoes regulated changes in nucleocytoplasmic localization throughout the cell cycle that correlate with changes in gene expression. This study investigates how nucleocytoplasmic transport by multiple transport factors may influence specific Swi6 activities.

Results
Here we show that the exportin Crm1 is important for Swi6 nuclear export and activity. Loss of a putative Crm1 NES or inhibition of Crm1 activity results in changes in nucleocytoplasmic Swi6 localization. Alteration of the Crm1 NES in Swi6 results in decreased MBF-mediated gene expression, but does not affect SBF reporter expression, suggesting that export of Swi6 by Crm1 regulates a subset of Swi6 transcription activation activity. Finally, alteration of the putative Crm1 NES in Swi6 results in cells that are larger than wild type, and this increase in cell size is exacerbated by deletion of Msn5.

Conclusions
These data provide evidence that Swi6 has at least two different exportins, Crm1 and Msn5, each of which interacts with a distinct nuclear export signal. We identify a putative nuclear export signal for Crm1 within Swi6, and observe that export by Crm1 or Msn5 independently influences Swi6-regulated expression of a different subset of Swi6-controlled genes. These findings provide new insights into the complex regulation of Swi6 transcription activation activity and the role of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in regulated gene expression.