bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy partitioning in N2 microwave discharges: integrated Fokker–Planck approach to vibrational kinetics and comparison with experiments
Authors: Altin M , Viegas P , Vialetto L , van de Steeg A W , Longo S , van Rooij G J , Diomede P 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This work investigates energy transfers between electrons, vibrational and translational degrees of freedom and their effect on dissociation mechanisms in a N2 microwave plasma in the pressure range between 50 and 400 mbar. A novel self-consistent 0D plasma chemistry model describing vibrational kinetics via the vibrational energy equation and the Fokker–Planck approach is developed. It is used to simulate conditions achieved experimentally, providing good agreement with measured values of vibrational and gas temperature and electron density. Above 100 mbar, energy efficiency of dissociation increases with power density, due to the significant contribution of collisions between vibrationally excited N2 and electronically excited molecules. Energy transfer to vibrations is maximum at low power density and low pressure due to reduced gas heating.
Bending of optical solitonic beams modeled by coupled KMN equation
Authors: Mukherjee Abhik 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The dynamics of (2 + 1) dimensional optical solitonic beams modeled by coupled Kundu Mukherjee Naskar (KMN) equation are discussed by deriving one bright and one dark soliton solution. The arbitrary bending of solitonic beams of this coupled system has been described by exact curved soliton solutions having an arbitrary function. Such exact analytical results on the bending of solitonic pulse in a bimodal optical fiber system may pave new research directions in this field.
Deep inelastic scattering with proton target in the presence of gluon condensation using holography*
Authors: Tahery Sara , Wang Xiaopeng , Chen Xurong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) of a proton-targeted lepton in the presence of gluon condensation using gauge/gravity duality. We use a modified

background where the modification parameter c corresponds to the gluon condensation in the boundary theory. First, by examining the electromagnetic field, we establish that a non-zero c can increase field magnitude. Our aim is to obtain the acceptable value of c for this scattering. Our method is based on setting the mass of the proton as an eigenvalue of the baryonic state equations of the DIS to find the acceptable value of the parameter c on the other side of the equations. Therefore, in the second step, we calculate wave function equations for the baryonic states where the mass of the proton target requires a value contribution of c as

. Proceeding with the electromagnetic field and baryonic states, we derive the holographic interaction action related to the amplitude of the scattering. Finally, we compute the corresponding structure functions numerically as functions of x and q, which are Björken variables and the lepton momentum transfers, respectively. Comparing the Jlab Hall C data with our theoretical calculations, our results are acceptable.
HT Lyn and IR Lyn: Two Semi-detached-type Near-contact Binaries with Stable Orbital Period
Authors: Meng Zi-Bin , Wang Hong-Wei , Yu Yun-Xia , Hu Ke , Xiang Fu-Yuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We presented the first photometric and orbital period investigations for two near-contact binaries: HT Lyn and IR Lyn. The light-curves solutions derived from both our ground-based and various surveys’ observations suggested that HT Lyn and IR Lyn are two semi-detached-type near-contact binaries with the secondary and primary components filling the Roche lobe. Combining the eclipse timings derived from several surveys’ data and our observations with those reported in the literature, we modified the orbital periods and revealed that their orbital periods were stable for the last two decades. The absolute physical parameters were well determined by using the empirical relations and the Gaia-distance-based method. Similar to other near-contact binaries, the primary components of HT Lyn and IR Lyn are evolving at the main-sequence stage, while their less-massive secondary components show the over-sized and over-luminosity features and should be more evolved than their primary ones. Combining the stable orbital period with the semi-detached configurations, we infer that the two near-contact binaries may be just located in the critical phase and evolving from the current semi-detached phase to the detached or contact one.
Energy loss of α-particle in the non-equilibrium plasma of deuterium mixed with lithium
Authors: Fu Zhen-Guo , Gao Jing-Li , Mo Chongjie , Liu Hao , Wang Zhigang , Wang Cong , Kang Wei , Zhang Ping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The stopping power of compressed and highly ionized deuterium (D) plasma mixed with lithium (Li), in which the electron and ion temperatures are non-equilibrium (i.e.,

T

e

≠

T

i

), to the injected α-particles is studied. Wide ranges of temperature (0.5–10 keV) and density (1–500 g cm−3) of D–Li mixing plasmas are considered. The numerical results show that, in the temperature equilibrium state, the change ratio of stopping power (denoted by η) increases positively with the increase of the fraction of Li (denoted by x
Li). However, in some non-equilibrium dense plasma states, η may increase negatively with the increase of x
Li. The corresponding nonlinear response of η to x
Li may become more (less) remarkable if

T

i

>

T

e

(

T

i

<

T

e

)

, which suggests that the collective excitation in the stopping power of D–Li mixing plasmas in which

T

i

>

T

e

(

T

i

<

T

e

) will be enhanced (suppressed) due to the non-equilibrium temperature effect. As a result, the change ratio of deposition depth of α-particles (denoted by χ) for the non-equilibrium case of

T

e

>

T

i

rather than

T

i

>

T

e

seems to be closer to that of equilibrium cases. Furthermore, our results show that more than 60% of energy of injected α-particles is deposited into the electron species, and the energy deposited into the electron component (E
e/E
0) is a monotonic decay function of x
Li. In addition, relative to the equilibrium results, we find that E
e/E
0 will slightly increase (decrease) when

T

i

>

T

e

(

T

e

>

T

i

). The findings and analysis in this work indicate that the non-equilibrium implosion with

T

e

>

T

i

may be more controllable than that with

T

i

>

T

e

, which may be useful for the advanced development of fusion propulsion systems, in which DLi is a potential fuel option.
Exploring the advantages of using artificial agents to investigate animacy perception in cats and dogs
Authors: Abdai Judit , Uccheddu Stefania , Gácsi Márta , Miklósi Ádám 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Self-propelled motion cues elicit the perception of inanimate objects as animate. Studies usually rely on the looking behaviour of subjects towards stimuli displayed on a screen, but utilizing artificial unidentified moving objects (UMOs) provides a more natural, interactive context. Here, we investigated whether cats and dogs discriminate between UMOs showing animate vs inanimate motion, and how they react to the UMOs’ interactive behaviour. Subjects first observed, in turn, the motion of an animate and an inanimate UMO, and then they could move freely for 2 min while both UMOs were present (two-way choice phase). In the following specific motion phase, the animate UMO showed one of three interactive behaviours: pushing a ball, a luring motion, or moving towards the subject (between-subject design). Then, subjects could move freely for 2 min again while the UMO was motionless. At the end, subjects were free to move in the room while the UMO was moving semi-randomly in the room. We found that dogs approached and touched the UMO(s) sooner and more frequently than cats, regardless of the context. In the two-way choice phase, dogs looked at the animate UMO more often, and both species touched the animate UMO more frequently. However, whether the UMO showed playing, luring or assertive behaviour did not influence subjects’ behaviour. In summary, both species displayed distinctive behaviour towards the animate UMO, but in dogs, in addition to the physical contact this was also reflected by the looking behaviour. Overall, dogs were more keen to explore and interact with the UMO than cats, which might be due to the general increased stress of cats in novel environments. The findings indicate the importance of measuring multiple behaviours when assessing responses to animacy. The live demonstration using artificial agents provides a unique opportunity to study social perception in nonhuman species.
Sachdev–Ye–Kitaev model with an extra diagonal perturbation: phase transition in the eigenvalue spectrum
Authors: Wu Shuang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the SYK model with an extra constant source, i̇.e. a constant matrix or equivalently a diagonal matrix with only one non-zero entry λ
1. By using methods from analytic combinatorics (Flajolet and Sedgewick 2009 Analytic Combinatorics (Cambridge University Press)), we find exact expressions for the moments of this model. We further prove that the spectrum of this model can have a gap when

λ

1

>

λ

1

c

, thus exhibiting a phase transition in λ
1. In this case, a single isolated eigenvalue splits off from SYK’s eigenvalues distribution. We located this single eigenvalue by analyzing the singular behavior of a supercritical functional composition scheme. In certain limit our results recover the ones of random matrices with non-zero mean entries.
The Use of Rice Husk as Soilless Medium to Grow Capsicum Chinense: Effect of Biochar and Irrigation
Authors: Raphael O. D. , Aniobi M. M. , Aremu C. O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study experimentally investigates the potential of using amended substrate as a planting medium component to improve rice husk and saw dust used in producingCapsicum chinensecrop. The biochar is produced from a locally fabricate plyrosis kiln, this is then incorporated into rice husk and substrate at 30% and 50% (vol.) respectively to grow (Capsicum chinense), in black buckets. The responses of plant growth to the percentage of biochar in substrate mixtures are different across the line of treatment. TheCapsicum chinense, were grown in amended substrate (A-30% biochar, b-rice husk (Ab) and B-50% biochar, b-rice husk (Bb)) with different treatment level of I60, I80, I100and I120. The I100Bb and I120Ab treatment recorded the highest value of plant height, which is 21.9 cm for the both of them. The amended substrate Bb produced a widest momentous stem diameter in all the treatment levels than in substrate Ab with a value of 1 cm. In addition, broader leaf area index was observed in the amended substrate Ab than in Bb. Biochar application also enhanced plant height, stem diameter, plant fresh, weights and yield components of pepper plant. Moreover, biochar application improved the efficiency of irrigation water usage. Therefore, biochar amendment could be an effective option to improve substrate media, which affects plants.
Structural Evaluation for Groundwater Within the Crystalline Basement of Ilorin, Nigeria, Using Multisensory Data Techniques
Authors: Fatoye Oluwaseun Victoria , Olasehinde David Ayodeji , Olatunji John Adebisi , Olasehinde Olufemi Dapo , Abioye Oluwaseyi M. , Olasehinde Peter Ibikunle 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Within the hard rock terrains, stream channels are suspected to be controlled by fractures and joints. In the same light, the topographic lineaments and the lineaments observed from the aeromagnetic anomalies are expected to reflect the structural trends within the complex. This study has therefore adopted multi-data sets results first on a regional scale to depict the structural fabric of Ilorin Sheet 223 and then at the chosen location of the University of Ilorin Main Campus, which is made up of the Basement Complex rocks. From the remote sensing map of Ilorin Sheet 223 structural trends have been divided into two: the NE-SW and the NW-SE structural trends. The aeromagnetic anomalies divide the rocks types into metamorphic (low-to-medium magnetic intensity) and igneous (high magnetic intensity) rocks. The resistivity data interpretation reveals the weathered basement at the University of Ilorin ranges from 5m to 20m. The radial sounding results reveal the structural trend to be NW-SE and NE-SW with the interconnection of joints. The radial sounding shows the rock type in the University of Ilorin Campus to be quartzitic, clayey and igneous as judged from the near hexagonal and elongated shapes of the polygons. The results reveal a good agreement between the trends of fractures derived from the radial vertical electrical sounding and that from the lineament maps. Areas with low bedrock resistivity, thick overburden, presence of two or more interconnected fractures, and high co-efficient of anisotropy indicate intense fracturing and thus, indicate areas of high groundwater potentiality and good water quality.
Use of Nicotiana Tabacum, Jatropha Curcas, and Ficus Exasperata for Treatment of Pus-Producing Bacteria
Authors: Nwinyi Obinna C. , Olawumi Damilola E. , Oziegbe Olubukola 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The knowledge of orthodox medicine on the medicinal effects of plant extracts has continued to be a major booster to our modern healthcare delivery for over 80% of the world’s population, especially in the developing world. In this study, we examined the leaf extracts activities of Nicotiana tabacum, Jatropha curcas, and Ficus exasperate on common pus – producing bacteria that occur during secondary infection of open wounds. The initial plant extracts were extracted using methanol via the cold extraction method. The obtained extracts were fractionated via solvent –solvent extraction in the following solvents ethyl acetate, hexane, and distilled water. Preliminary studies carried out revealed that only Nicotiana tabacum was effective at inducing inhibitions on the selected clinical isolates, namely: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi. The antimicrobial assay of the chosen plant was done by agar well diffusion method using 20.0 mg/ml and 40.0 mg/ml concentrations of the selected plant extract. The selected concentrations (40.0 mg/ml and 20.0 mg/ml) exhibited different degrees of zones of inhibition. The mean zones of inhibition ranged between ca. 6.0 −14.5 mm. From the obtained result, Streptococcus species were the most inhibited. In addition, the Nicotiana tabacum ethyl acetate fraction exhibited a significant inhibitory effect when compared to other fractions such as hexane and aqueous fractions. Thus it is evident that ethyl acetate might be the best choice for extracting the bioactive components from tobacco.
Core-shell Architecture Strategy of Improving the Electrochemical Performance of the Li-rich Layered Oxides: A Review
Authors: Ajayi Samuel O. , Ajanaku Kolawole O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLithium-ion battery (LIB) serves as power supply for suitable electronics and stationary electrical systems (storage) as a result of their outstanding combination of extraordinary densities (power and energy). The cathode constitutes an integral part of LIBs and its property determines the performance of the battery. The layered lithium-rich oxide (LLO) is unique and favourable cathode materials for LIBs as a result of its high capacity compared to conventional cathode materials such as LiNiO2etc. However, they demonstrate several performance limitations such as low first cycle efficiency and poor cycling stability thus, limiting their practical applications. Therefore, this review discussed a core-shell architecture strategy of enhancing the electrochemical performance of the LLOs materials for LIBs.
A Brief Review on Emerging Indoor Chemical Pollutants
Authors: Anake Winifred U. , Nnamani Esther A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Recently, there has been increased concern about emerging pollutants (EPs). Many EPs can be found in consumer products and are regarded as primary indoor contaminants. This review paper focuses on the overview of some emerging indoor chemical pollutants, their negative health effects, appropriate sampling methods, drawbacks associated with them, and the analytical techniques used. Some of the challenges identified during this review included the ease of access to affordable sampling equipment and analytical instruments. More sensitive and cost-effective sampling and analytical equipment should be made available to allow for continuous monitoring of these emerging pollutants, especially in low and middle-income countries.
Urban Upgrading in the Historic City Core of Abeokuta, Nigeria: A Case for Inclusive Policies Towards Heritage Preservation
Authors: Adenaike Folahan Anthony , Opoko Akunnaya Pearl , Fadamiro Joseph Akinlabi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The rapid urbanization, taking place in Southwest Nigeria in the last 40years has necessitated the need for regenerating the historic city cores of the region. The state governments and big private stakeholders determine the key narratives for the urban upgrades. Loss of patrimonial stock of indigenous buildings and communal cohesion in these enclaves after upgrading often lead to a complete loss of the socio-cultural heritage. The promotion of urban tourism, which is ideal for cities with heritage values, is thus made more challenging for these cities. This study examines the sensitive nature of upgrade programmes as it affects historic city centres. A review of instances in the area is concluded with a case study of the Abeokuta city core. The study was carried out using literature about upgrades in Southwest Nigeria and field studies that involved interviews and questionnaires in Abeokuta city core. The research discovered that while residents are aware of the programmes, they had no input in the planning and implementation, whereas, they appreciate heritage preservation and prefer to be carried along in the planning. The research concluded that more inclusive policy planning and project participation would have entrenched heritage preservation, stemmed the rate of gentrification, and produce more acceptable outcomes.
A Review of Sustainable Design Strategies for Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) in Public Buildings
Authors: Udomiaye Emmanuel , Ukpong Edidiong , Kalu Kalu Cheche , Odum Chris , Ibok U. Okon 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sustainable design strategies focus on architectural design considerations which assures the welfare, in addition to cohabitation of inanimate elements, and existing creatures that constitute the ecosystem. Sustainable architecture for public spaces, in addition to energy efficiency and zero greenhouse gas emission, needs to adopt approaches that lessen the effect of communicable diseases. Often, the primarily focus of architects is the aesthetics of buildings, there is no cognizant method for sustainable infection prevention and control mostly in the planning/production phase of public buildings. The paper aims to assess and identify how the public space can be safer in a pandemic from the vantage point of built environment professionals with the view of evolving strategies for policymakers with emphasis on the duties of the architect in mitigating the spread of viruses. The steps taken were to assess the relationship amongst environmental space and infectious diseases and propose practical steps to limit infection prevention and control (IPC) in public buildings. The paper is based on works of literature and consultations. The paper concluded that design approaches perform a substantial part in prevention and control of infections in public spaces, as well as healthcare facilities. Hence, sustainable design strategies may well be a remedy for mitigating the spread of coronavirus in public buildings.
Factors Militating against the Contributions of Co-operative Societies to Sustainable Housing Provision in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Baiyewu Olabisi B. , Olotuah Abiodun O. , Ibem Eziyi O. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The past housing policies in Nigeria recognised housing co-operatives as a viable way of increasing the production of housing units. This recognition necessitates the identification of ways through which improvement in the housing delivery of co-operative societies could be achieved. The study aims to identify the factors militating against the contributions of co-operative societies in the delivery of housing and the influence of these factors on housing provision in the study area to optimise their housing delivery output. A review of relevant literature revealed a number of factors that were tested with the use of copies of the questionnaire administered on the respondents whose total number from each of the 52 co-operatives that responded to the study, as determined by proportionate sampling, summed up to 418. The data collected were analysed with the use of IBM SPSS (version 20) software. Severity index and mean weighted scores were used to rank the factors identified. The study showed that ten out of the eleven factors identified in the literature have a significant effect on housing provision and were ranked as follows: opportunism, corruption and greed; high cost of building materials; difficulty in getting finance; difficulty in accessing affordable land; lack of provision for technical support; and limited access to technical services. Others are unavailability of training institutions, lack of provision for logical and administrative support, unskilled leadership and lack of adequate provision for beneficial legislative and policy framework. Categorical regression analysis was carried out to determine the influence of these factors on housing provision components. The result showed that the unavailability of training institutions has the greatest influence on housing provision. In view of these findings, the study recommended the evolvement of policy statements that promote the mitigation of the ten factors; and that training institutions for members be made readily available to increase the housing production capacity of co-operative societies.
Impact of Energy Efficient Design Strategies on Users Comfort in Selected Mixed-Use Buildings in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Sholanke A. B. , Alugah K. D. T. , Ademo J. A. , Adisa O. S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Human comfort is a major criterion for mixed-use buildings to be habitable, leading to the usage of technologies such as HVAC and artificial lighting. These devices demand high electricity, causing a 25% rise in building greenhouse gas emissions. It is important for architects to develop energy efficient design strategies in order to maintain and improve user comfort in mixed-use buildings. This study investigated the impact of energy efficiency design strategies on users’ comfort in selected mixed-used building in Lagos State, Nigeria, with a view to identify areas for further improvements. The research adopted a quantitative approach. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data. The Statistical Product & Service Solutions software was used to analyse the data. The result was presented with the aid of texts, tables and graphs. The findings indicated that building orientation was one of the most important techniques, affecting each dimension of human comfort. This revelation suggests that when adopting energy efficiency measures, a building’s early design stage should focus on enhancing human comfort. The study recommended that professionals conduct critical analysis on buildings in the design stage to guarantee energy-efficient approaches used throughout the planning, design, and construction stages of mixed-use buildings. In order to create sustainable future designs, it is therefore necessary to recognise the significance of energy efficient design techniques on users’ comfort.