bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of patient-reported outcome assessment order
Authors: Novotny Paul J , Dueck Amylou C , Satele Daniel , Frost Marlene H , Beebe Timothy J , Yost Kathleen J , Lee Minji K , Eton David T , Yount Susan , Cella David , Mendoza Tito R , Cleeland Charles S , Blinder Victoria , Basch Ethan , Sloan Jeff A 
Published: January 2022

Background In clinical trials and clinical practice, patient-reported outcomes are almost always assessed using multiple patient-reported outcome measures at the same time. This raises concerns about whether patient responses are affected by the order in which the patient-reported outcome measures are administered. Methods This questionnaire-based study of order effects included adult cancer patients from five cancer centers. Patients were randomly assigned to complete questionnaires via paper booklets, interactive voice response system, or tablet web survey. Linear Analogue Self-Assessment, Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System assessment tools were each used to measure general health, physical function, social function, emotional distress/anxiety, emotional distress/depression, fatigue, sleep, and pain. The order in which the three tools, and domains within tools, were presented to patients was randomized. Rates of missing data, scale scores, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were compared by the order in which they were assessed. Analyses included Cochran–Armitage trend tests and mixed models adjusted for performance score, age, sex, cancer type, and curative intent. Results A total of 1830 patients provided baseline patient-reported outcome assessments. There were no significant trends in rates of missing values by whether a scale was assessed earlier or later. The largest order effect for scale scores was due to a large mean score at one assessment time point. The largest difference in Cronbach’s alpha between the versions for the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scales was 0.106. Conclusion The well-being of a cancer patient has many different aspects such as pain, fatigue, depression, and anxiety. These are assessed using a variety of surveys often collected at the same time. This study shows that the order in which the different aspects are collected from the patient is not important.
Comparison of bridge graft and end-to-side transfer for treatment of closed rupture of the flexor tendons in the little finger
Authors: Kuroda Takuma , Moriya Koji , Tsubokawa Naoto , Maki Yutaka , Inagaki Katsunori , Yoshizu Takae 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of bridge tendon grafts and end-to-side tendon transfers for treating closed ruptures of the flexor tendons in Zones 3 to 5 of the little finger. We selected the surgical procedure based on the passive distraction amplitude of the proximal part of the ruptured flexor tendon. Eleven patients comprised the bridge tendon graft group and ten patients comprised the end-to-side tendon transfer group. We found no significant between-group differences in the total active motion, percentage of total active motion, functional assessment by the Strickland and Glogovac criteria and grip strength compared with the unaffected hand. We believe that choosing the surgical procedure after determining the passive distraction amplitude of the ruptured tendon can be useful in clinical practice. Level of evidence: III
Are Firms Biasing Stakeholder Expectations by Attributing Prior Poor Performance to COVID-19?
Authors: Desai Hrishikesh 
Published: January 2022

Item 503(c) of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC’s) Regulation S-K requires firms to disclose the ‘most significant’ factors that affect them in their Item 1A risk factor disclosures made in their 10-K (annual) or 10-Q (quarterly) SEC filings. Prior to COVID-19, firms discussed risk factors such as liquidity, competition, etc. as part of their Item 1A disclosures. The current pandemic has resulted in the COVID-19 risk factor being widely discussed as part of firms’ Item 1A risk factor disclosures. A ‘firm-specific’ discussion on this transient risk factor is unique in the sense that it can affect the salience of other, already disclosed, less transient but significant risk factors to investors and other stakeholders. Using a sample of 68 firms hard hit by COVID-19 with prior poor performance, I find that market reactions to their Item 1A risk factor disclosures were significantly more positive for firms that disclosed the COVID-19 risk factor in a certain firm-specific manner compared to those that didn’t. These results suggest that stakeholder perceptions of firms’ risk profiles are being biased to some extent as the less transient but other significant risk factors that were already affecting these firms seem to be underweighted by them in evaluating the firms’ risk profiles. I explain this bias further using the meta-theoretical framework of the elaboration likelihood model. I also propose a solution to this problem that involves making these disclosures in the form of risk matrices. JEL Classifications: G38, M10, M40, M41, M48
Targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts in the bone marrow prevents resistance to CART-cell therapy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Sakemura Reona , Hefazi Mehrdad , Siegler Elizabeth L. , Cox Michelle J. , Larson Daniel P. , Hansen Michael J. , Manriquez Roman Claudia , Schick Kendall J. , Can Ismail , Tapper Erin E. , Horvei Paulina , Adada Mohamad M. , Bezerra Evandro D. , Kankeu Fonkoua Lionel Aurelien , Ruff Michael W. , Nevala Wendy K. , Walters Denise K. , Parikh Sameer A. , Lin Yi , Jelinek Diane F. , Kay Neil E. , Bergsagel P. Leif , Kenderian Saad S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Pivotal clinical trials of B-cell maturation antigen-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CART)-cell therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM) resulted in remarkable initial responses, which led to a recent US Food and Drug Administration approval. Despite the success of this therapy, durable remissions continue to be low, and the predominant mechanism of resistance is loss of CART cells and inhibition by the tumor microenvironment (TME). MM is characterized by an immunosuppressive TME with an abundance of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Using MM models, we studied the impact of CAFs on CART-cell efficacy and developed strategies to overcome CART-cell inhibition. We showed that CAFs inhibit CART-cell antitumor activity and promote MM progression. CAFs express molecules such as fibroblast activation protein and signaling lymphocyte activation molecule family-7, which are attractive immunotherapy targets. To overcome CAF-induced CART-cell inhibition, CART cells were generated targeting both MM cells and CAFs. This dual-targeting CART-cell strategy significantly improved the effector functions of CART cells. We show for the first time that dual targeting of both malignant plasma cells and the CAFs within the TME is a novel strategy to overcome resistance to CART-cell therapy in MM.
Direct Visualisation of Skyrmion Lattice Defect Alignment at Grain Boundaries
Authors: Schönenberger Thomas , Huang Ping , Brun Lawrence D. , Guanghao Li , Magrez Arnaud , Carbone Fabrizio , Rønnow Henrik M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe present a method to directly visualise a statistical analysis of skyrmion defect alignment at grain boundaries in the skyrmion host $$\hbox {Cu}_2$$

Cu
2

OSeO3. Using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, we collected large data sets with several hundreds of frames containing skyrmion lattices with grain boundaries in them. To address the behaviour of strings of dislocations in these grain boundaries, we developed an algorithm to automatically extract and classify strings of dislocations separating the grains. This way we circumvent the problem of having to create configurations with well-defined relative grain orientations by performing a statistical analysis on a dynamically rearranging image sequence. With this statistical method, we are able to experimentally extract the relationship between grain boundary alignment and defect spacing and find an agreement with geometric expectations. The algorithms used can be extended to other types of lattices such as Abrikosov lattices or colloidal systems in optical microscopy.
Wernicke’s encephalopathy and cranial nerve VII palsy in a 24-year-old patient with COVID-19
Authors: Alexandri Maya , Reynolds Bradford Z. , Smith Hunter , Golden Bradley Michael , Gross Hartmut , Switzer Jeffrey A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Many documented secondary neurologic manifestations are associated with COVID-19, including mild peripheral and central nervous system disorders (such as hypo/anosmia, hypo/ageusia, and cranial nerve VII palsy) and severe problems (such as ischemic stroke, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and encephalitis). The list is growing. A new addition is non-alcohol Wernicke’s encephalopathy.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 24-year-old male with no past medical history who developed stroke-like symptoms two days after testing positive for COVID-19. MRI of his brain showed T2 FLAIR hyperintensity in the splenium of the corpus collosum, mamillary bodies, periaqueductal gray matter, tectum, and ventral and dorsal medulla, an MRI signal concerning for non-alcohol Wernicke’s encephalopathy. Our patient had no risk factors for Wernicke’s encephalopathy. He was admitted and started on thiamine for Wernicke’s encephalopathy and steroids for his cranial VII nerve palsy. Both his symptoms and imaging improved. He was discharged on oral thiamine. Follow-up in the Neurology Clinic has confirmed his continued stable state.

Conclusions
This case is one of three documented cases of Wernicke’s encephalopathy believed to be caused by COVID-19 in patients without risk factors or chronic alcohol use. Ours is also the first case in which Wernicke’s encephalopathy presents with a concomitant cranial nerve VII palsy. While Emergency Medicine doctors must maintain a high index of suspicion for stroke in younger patients with COVID-19, our patient’s case augments the correlation between COVID-19 and Wernicke’s encephalopathy in patients without other risk factors for developing the syndrome.
Long-term individualized monitoring of sympatric bat species reveals distinct species- and demographic differences in hibernation phenology
Authors: Meier Frauke , Grosche Leo , Reusch Christine , Runkel Volker , van Schaik Jaap , Kerth Gerald 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Hibernation allows species to conserve energy and thereby bridge unfavorable environmental conditions. At the same time, hibernation imposes substantial ecological and physiological costs. Understanding how hibernation timing differs within and between species can provide insights into the underlying drivers of this trade-off. However, this requires individualized long-term data that are often unavailable. Here, we used automatic monitoring techniques and a reproducible analysis pipeline to assess the individualized hibernation phenology of two sympatric bat species. Our study is based on data of more than 1100 RFID-tagged Daubenton’s bats (Myotis daubentonii) and Natterer’s bats (Myotis nattereri) collected over seven years at a hibernaculum in Germany. We used linear mixed models to analyze species-, sex- and age-specific differences in entrance, emergence and duration of the longest continuous period spent in the hibernaculum.

Results
Overall, Daubenton’s bats entered the hibernaculum earlier and emerged later than Natterer’s bats, resulting in a nearly twice as long hibernation duration. In both species, adult females entered earlier and emerged from hibernation later than adult males. Hibernation duration was shorter for juveniles than adults with the exception of adult male Natterer’s bats whose hibernation duration was shortest of all classes. Finally, hibernation timing differed among years, but yearly variations in entrance and emergence timing were not equally shifted in both species.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that even in sympatric species, and across sex and age classes, hibernation timing may be differentially affected by environmental conditions. This highlights the necessity of using individualized information when studying the impact of changing environments on hibernation phenology.
Genome-Wide association study of quantitative biomarkers identifies a novel locus for alzheimer’s disease at 12p12.1
Authors: Lee Brian , Yao Xiaohui , Shen Li ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Genetic study of quantitative biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a promising method to identify novel genetic factors and relevant endophenotypes, which provides valuable information to deconvolute mechanistic complexity and better understand disease subtypes.

Results
Using the data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) between 565,373 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 16 key AD biomarkers from 1,576 subjects at four visits. We identified a novel locus rs5011804 at 12p12.1 significantly associated with several AD biomarkers, including three cognitive traits (CDRSB, FAQ, ADAS13) and one imaging trait (fusiform volume). Additional mediation and interaction analyses investigated the relationships among this SNP, relevant biomarkers, and clinical diagnosis, confirming and further elaborating the genetic effects seen in the GWAS.

Conclusion
Our GWAS not only affirms key AD genes but also suggests the promising role of the SNP rs5011804 due to its associations with several AD cognitive and imaging outcomes. The SNP rs5011804 has a reported association with adult asthma and slightly affects intracranial volume but has not been associated with AD before. Our novel findings contribute to a more comprehensive view of the molecular mechanism behind AD.
Choice of home blood pressure monitoring device: the role of device characteristics among Alaska Native and American Indian peoples
Authors: Railey Ashley F. , Dillard Denise A. , Fyfe-Johnson Amber , Todd Michael , Schaefer Krista , Rosenman Robert 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is an effective tool in treatment and long-term management of hypertension. HBPM incorporates more data points to help patients and providers with diagnosis and management. The characteristics of HBPM devices matter to patients, but the relative importance of the characteristics in choosing a device remains unclear.

Methods
We used data from a randomized cross-over pilot study with 100 Alaska Native and American Indian (ANAI) people with hypertension to assess the choice of a wrist or arm HBPM device. We use a random utility framework to evaluate the relationship between stated likely use, perceived accuracy, ease of use, comfort, and participant characteristics with choice of device. Additional analyses examined willingness to change to a more accurate device.

Results
Participants ranked the wrist device higher compared to the arm on a 5-point Likert scale for likely use, ease of use, and comfort (0.3, 0.5, 0.8 percentage points, respectively). Most participants (66%) choose the wrist device. Likely use (wrist and arm devices) was related to the probability of choosing the wrist (0.7 and − 1.4 percentage points, respectively). Independent of characteristics, 75% of participants would be willing to use the more accurate device. Ease of use (wrist device) and comfort (arm device) were associated with the probability of changing to a more accurate device (− 1.1 and 0.5 percentage points, respectively).

Conclusion
Usability, including comfort, ease, and likely use, appeared to discount the relative importance of perceived accuracy in the device choice. Our results contribute evidence that ANAI populations value accurate HBPM, but that the devices should also be easy to use and comfortable to facilitate long-term management.
A systematic review of the patient burden of Crohn’s disease-related rectovaginal and anovaginal fistulas
Authors: Iglay Kristy , Bennett Dimitri , Kappelman Michael D. , Thai Sydney , Aldridge Molly , Karki Chitra , Cook Suzanne F. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Crohn’s disease (CD)-related rectovaginal fistulas (RVFs) and anovaginal fistulas (AVFs) are rare, debilitating conditions that present a substantial disease and treatment burden for women. This systematic literature review (SLR) assessed the burden of Crohn’s-related RVF and AVF, summarizing evidence from observational studies and highlighting knowledge gaps.

Methods
This SLR identified articles in PubMed and Embase that provide data and insight into the patient experience and disease burden of Crohn’s-related RVF and AVF. Two trained reviewers used pre-specified eligibility criteria to identify studies for inclusion and evaluate risk of bias using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for observational studies.

Results
Of the 582 records identified, 316 full-text articles were assessed, and 16 studies met a priori eligibility criteria and were included. Few epidemiology studies were identified, with one study estimating the prevalence of RVF to be 2.3% in females with Crohn’s disease. Seven of 12 treatment pattern studies reported that patients had or required additional procedures before and/or after the intervention of interest, demonstrating a substantial treatment burden. Seven of 11 studies assessing clinical outcomes reported fistula healing rates between 50 and 75%, with varying estimates based on population and intervention.

Conclusions
This SLR reports the high disease and treatment burden of Crohn’s-related RVF and AVF and identifies multiple evidence gaps in this field. The literature lacks robust, generalizable data, and demonstrates a compelling need for substantial, novel research into these rare and debilitating sequelae of CD.
Registration The PROSPERO registration number for the protocol for this systematic literature review is CRD42020177732.
Talaromyces marneffei and Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection in a patient with high titer anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies: a case report
Authors: Qiu Ye , Pan Mianluan , Yang Zhenming , Zeng Wen , Zhang Hui , Li Zhengtu , Zhang Jianquan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
High-titer anti-interferon (IFN)-γ autoantibodies are strongly associated with intracellular pathogens such as nontuberculous mycobacteria and Talaromyces marneffei, but they are not as commonly associated with Talaromyces marneffei co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Case presentation
Herein, we report a case of an HIV-negative Chinese man with a severe, disseminated co-infection of Talaromyces marneffei and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, who had a high-titer of anti IFN-γ autoantibodies and a CFI heterozygous nonsense gene mutation. The patient rapidly developed sepsis and died. Through by flow cytometry for CD4+ T cells’ intracellular phosphorylated STAT-1 and Th1 cells (CD4+ IFN-γ+ cells), we found that the patient’s serum can inhibited IFN γ-induced CD4+ T cells’ STAT-1 phosphorylation and Th1 cell differentiation in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but this phenomenon was not observed in normal control’s serum. In addition, the higher serum concentration in the culture medium, the more obvious inhibition of Th1 cell differentiation.

Conclusions
For HIV-negative individuals with relapsing, refractory, fatal double or multiple intracellular pathogen infections, especially Talaromyces marneffei, clinicians should be aware that if they might be dealing with adult-onset immunodeficiency syndrome due to high-titer anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies. Systematic genetic and immunological investigations should also be performed.
CANT1 serves as a potential prognostic factor for lung adenocarcinoma and promotes cell proliferation and invasion in vitro
Authors: Yao Qiwei , Yu Yilin , Wang Zhiping , Zhang Mengyan , Ma Jiayu , Wu Yahua , Zheng Qunhao , Li Jiancheng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Calcium-activated nucleotidase 1 (CANT1), functions as a calcium-dependent nucleotidase with a preference for UDP. However, the potential clinical value of CANT1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LA) has not been fully clarified. Thus, we sought to identify its potential biological function and mechanism through bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments in LA.

Methods
In the present study, we comprehensively investigated the prognostic role of CANT1 in LA patients through bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were utilized to analyze the expression of CANT1 in LA patients and their clinical-prognostic value. The immunohistochemistry staining was obtained from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA). A Cox regression model was used to evaluate prognostic factors. Gene ontology (GO) and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore the potential regulatory mechanism of CANT1 in the development of LA. Moreover, we also examined the relationship between CANT1 expression and DNA methylation. Finally, we did in vitro experiments to evaluate the biological behavior and role of CANT1 in LA cells (LACs).

Results
Our study showed that the CANT1 expression was significantly elevated in the LA tissues compared with the normal lung tissues. Increased CANT1 expression was significantly associated with the TN stage. A univariate Cox analysis indicated that high CANT1 expression levels were correlated with poor overall survival (OS) in LA. Besides, CANT1 expression was independently associated with OS in multivariate analysis. GO and GSEA analysis showed the enrichment of mitotic nuclear division, DNA methylation, and DNA damage. Then we found that the high expression of CANT1 is positively correlated with hypomethylation. The methylation level was associated with prognosis in LA patients. Finally, in vitro experiments indicated that knockdown of CANT1 resulted in decreased cell proliferation, invasion, and G1 phase cell-cycle arrest in LACs.

Conclusion
The present study suggested that CANT1 may serve as a potential prognosis biomarker in patients with LA. High CANT1 expression and promoter demethylation was associated with worse outcome. Finally, in vitro experiments verified the biological functions and behaviors of CANT1 in LA.