bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Broadband Flat Amplification Based on Fully Double-Pass
Configuration in Serial Hybrid Fiber Amplifier
Authors: Ali Ali , Al-Mashhadani Mohammed Kamil Salh , Al-Mashhadani Thamer Fahad , Awsaj Mohammed , Bouteraa Yassine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A broadband amplification that utilizes a serial hybrid fiber amplifier is experimentally demonstrated in this paper. Two fully double-pass configurations, namely, setups A and B, are implemented. The difference between these two configurations is that the position of the two amplifiers (erbium and Raman) is swapped. These two configurations are tested under the same input parameter conditions. Two laser pump power wavelengths with a total pump power of 375 mW (1495 nm with 350 mW for Raman and 1480 nm with 25 mW for the erbium amplifier) were used. Under the optimum condition and under a small signal power of -30 dBm, a wide flatness gain bandwidth of 80 nm (1530–1610 nm) with an average gain level of 28.5 and 24 dB is achieved for setups A and B, respectively. A wide bandwidth is achieved by avoiding the amplification overlap between these two amplifiers through choosing the proper pump wavelength.
Discrimination of Normal and Cancerous Human Skin Tissues Based on Laser-Induced Spectral Shift Fluorescence Microscopy
Authors: Niazi Azadeh , Parvin Parviz , Jafargholi Amir , Basam Mohammad , Khodabakhshi Zahra , Bavali Ali , Hesari Kambiz Kamyab , Sohrabizadeh Zahra , Hassanzadeh Tara , Dizaj Leyla Shirafkan , Amiri Reza , Heidari Omid , Aghaei Mohammadreza , Atyabi Fatemeh , Ehtesham Alireza , Moafi Ali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A homemade spectral shift fluorescence microscope (SSFM) is coupled with a spectrometer to record the spectral images of specimens based on the emission wavelength. Here a reliable diagnosis of neoplasia is achieved according to the spectral fluorescence properties of ex-vivo skin tissues after Rd6G staining. It is shown that certain spectral shifts occur for nonmelanoma/melanoma lesions against normal/benign nevus, leading to spectral micrographs. In fact, there is a strong correlation between the emission wavelength and the sort of skin lesions, mainly due to the Rd6G interaction with the mitochondria of cancerous cells. The normal tissues generally enjoy a significant red shift regarding laser line. Conversely, plenty of fluorophores are conjugated to unhealthy cells giving rise to a relative blue shift against normal tissues or a smaller redshift with respect to the excitation wavelength. Consequently, three data sets are available in the form of micrographs, addressing pixel by pixel signal intensity, emission wavelength, and fluorophore concentration of specimens for prompt diagnosis.
An empirical study on entrepreneurial willingness and entrepreneurial rationality: based on an entrepreneurship questionnaire survey of Chinese college students
Authors: Xiao wensheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Through researching the status of willingness and rationality of College Students' Entrepreneurship (CSE) in China, which have called on "Mass Entrepreneurship" since 2014, this study is to explore the influence of entrepreneurial willingness and entrepreneurial rationality on entrepreneurial success and the methods and measures to improve college students' entrepreneurial willingness and rationality, which contribute to improve the success rate of entrepreneurship, so as to improve the utilization efficiency of social resources and save social resources. Through 601 questionnaires on entrepreneurial understanding, combined with the basic situation of college students, such as college, major, grade, and gender, this research uses the methods of factor analysis and regression analysis to study the internal factors affecting CSE. The findings concluded that College Students' Founders (CSF) mainly focus on earnings, risks and capitals for entrepreneurship, and the main factors affecting college students' choice and success of entrepreneurship are relevant knowledge of entrepreneurship. Therefore, from the perspective of education, innovation-entrepreneurship education (IEE) should be focus on entrepreneurial willingness and entrepreneurial rationality, and should improve the pertinence and adaptability of entrepreneurship education, should strengthen entrepreneurship practice education, which start as soon as possible, according to the characteristics of the colleges and specific majors. These results extend the extant findings in the literature on entrepreneurial intention, practice. Also, this study can provide reference for the study of entrepreneurship education in world universities.
Low attainment to PK/PD-targets for β-lactams during the first 72 hours of treatment: a multicenter study of early Antibiotic Concentrations in Critically ill ICU patients in Sweden (ACCIS)
Authors: Smekal Anna-Karin , Furebring Mia , Eliasson Erik , Lipcsey Miklos 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Severe infections are life-threatening conditions commonly seen in the intensive care units (ICUs). Antibiotic treatment with adequate concentrations is of great importance during the first days when the bacterial load is the highest. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of β-lactam antibiotics has been suggested to monitor target attainment and to improve the outcome. Method: This prospective multi-centre study in seven ICUs in Sweden study investigated pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic-target (PK/PD-target) attainment for cefotaxime, piperacillin-tazobactam and meropenem, commonly used β-lactams in Sweden. A mid-dose and trough antibiotic concentration blood sample were taken from patients with severe infection daily during the first 72 hours of treatment. Antibiotic plasma concentrations were analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Antibiotic concentrations 100% time above MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration), (100% T>MIC) and four times above MIC 50% of the time (50%T>4xMIC) were used as PK/PD-targets. Results: We included 138 patients with the median age of 67 years and the median Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS3) of 59. Forty-five percent of the study-population failed to reach 100% T>MIC during the first day of treatment. The results were similar the following two days. There was a three-fold risk of not meeting the PK/PD target if the patient was treated with cefotaxime. For the cefotaxime treated patients 8 out of 55 had at least one end-dose concentrations below the level of detection during the study. Low age, low illness severity, low plasma creatinine, lower respiratory tract infection, cefotaxime treatment and renal replacement therapy were risk factors for not reaching 100%T>MIC.Conclusion: In Swedish ICU-patients treated with β-lactam antibiotics, a high proportion of patients did not reach the PK/PD target. TDM could identify patients that need individual higher dosing regimens already on the first day of treatment. Further studies on optimal empirical start dosing of β-lactams, especially for cefotaxime, in the ICU are needed.Trial registration: The protocol was retrospectively registered 100216 (ACTRN12616000167460).
Clinical Findings and Genetic Analysis of Patients with Copy Number Variants Involving 17p13.3 By Using a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Array: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Liang Bin , Yu Donghong , Zhao Wantong , Lin Na , Huang Hailong , Xu Liangpu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
17p13.3 microdeletions or microduplications (collectively known as copy number variants or CNVs) have been described in association with individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. While, studies on 17p13.3 CNVs in prenatal diagnosis are limited. This study aims to investigate the clinical significance of 17p13.3 CNVs with varied size and gene contents in prenatal and postnatal samples.
Methods
Eight cases with 17p13.3 CNVs out of 8806 samples that had been subjected to single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis were retrospectively analyzed, along with karyotype, clinical features, and follow-up.
Results
Eight cases with 17p13.3 CNVs consisted of five fetuses, one abortion embryo and two probands manifested severe congenital defects. The prenatal findings varied significantly for the five fetuses, including ultrasound abnormalities (n = 3), segmental deletions indicated with non-invasive prenatal testing (n = 1), and pregnant women with intellectual disability (n = 1). Of them, two and six harbored copy number gains and losses involving 17p13.3, respectively. The size of the detected 17p13.3 CNVs ranged from 576 kb to 5.7 Mb. Case 1 was diagnosed with 17p13.3 duplication syndrome, and cases 4, 6, and 7 with Miller–Dieker syndrome (MDS). Microdeletions of the 17p13.3 region in two cases (cases 5 and 8) involving YWHAE and CRK, sparing PAFAH1B1, were classified as pathogenic. Case 2 harbored a 576 Kb microduplication, encompassing YWHAE and CRK but not PAFAH1B1, which was of maternal origin and considered a variant of uncertain significance. Case 3 had one large duplication spanning the partial short arm, centromere, and partial long arm, and two deletions at 17p13.3p13.2 and 17q25.3, which karyotype was 46,XY,r(17)(p13q25). For five fetuses, only case 2 continued gestation and showed a good outcome; the others were subjected to termination of pregnancy.
Conclusion
The clinical findings of 17p13.3 microdeletions or microduplications varied among subjects, and 17p13.3 CNVs often differ in size and gene contents. Microdeletions or microduplications containing the typical MDS region, as well as the microdeletions involving YWHAE and CRK, could be classified as pathogenic. The clinical significance of small duplications including YWHAE and CRK but not PAFAH1B1 remains uncertain, for which parental testing and clinical heterogeneity should be considered in genetic counseling.
Smart System Modeling and Simulation design of Hemodialysis Machine by SysML with SystemC-AMS
Authors: Abdulhameed Abbas , AlKindy Bassam , Al-Mahdawi Basil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The corrections of the large and complex systems have become an issue of great importance recently due to the system development process. The device technology is quite complex and encompasses various disciplines of engineering, medicine, biology, and critical patient-machine interfaces. In this paper, we proposed a simulation approach to the verification and validation of the system of the hemodialysis machine (HD machine) specified by the SysML language. The simulation is carried out through intelligent translation based on the specifications of SysML into SystemC-AMS models. To evaluate and validate the system design, they are translated into a set of formulas and requirements verified when run on the available tools, COSE DA technologies, the WSN simulator developed by SystemC-AMS
How to create value with unobtrusive monitoring technology in home-based dementia care: A multimethod study among key stakeholders
Authors: Wrede Christian , Braakman-Jansen Annemarie , Gemert-Pijnen Lisette van 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: There is a growing interest to support extended independent living of people with dementia (PwD) via unobtrusive monitoring (UM) technologies which allow caregivers to remotely monitor lifestyle, health, and safety of PwD. However, these solutions will only be viable if developers obtain a clear picture of how to create value for all relevant stakeholders involved and achieve successful implementation. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the value proposition of UM technology in home-based dementia care and preconditions for successful implementation from a multi-stakeholder perspective.Methods: We conducted an expert-informed survey among potential stakeholders (n=25) to identify key stakeholders for UM technology in home-based dementia care. Subsequently, focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted among 5 key stakeholder groups (n=24) including informal caregivers (n=5), home care professionals (n=5), PwD (n=4), directors and managers within home care (n=4), and policy advisors within the elderly care and health insurance sector (n=6). The sessions addressed the value proposition- and business model canvas and were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Stakeholders agreed that UM technology should provide gains such as objective surveillance, timely interventions, and prevention of unnecessary control visits, whereas pains mainly included information overload, unplannable care due to real-time monitoring, and less human interaction. The overall design-oriented need referred to clear situation classifications including urgent care (fall- and wandering detection), non-urgent care (deviations in eating, drinking, sleeping), and future care (risk predictions). Most important preconditions for successful implementation of UM technology included inter-organizational collaboration, a shared vision on re-shaping existing care processes, integrated care ICT infrastructures, clear eligibility criteria for end-users, and flexible care reimbursement systems.Conclusions: Our findings can guide the value-driven development and implementation of UM technology for home-based dementia care. Stakeholder values were mostly aligned, although stakeholders all had their own perspective on what UM technology should accomplish. Besides, our study highlights the complexity of implementing novel UM technology in home-based dementia care. To achieve successful implementation, organizational and financial preconditions, as well as digital data exchange between home care organizations, will be important.
Reshaping the Path of Mild Cognitive Impairment by Refining Exercise Prescription: A Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial to Understand the “What”, “For Whom”, and “How” of Exercise to Promote Cognitive Function
Authors: Barha Cindy K. , Falck Ryan S. , Best John R. , Nagamatsu Lindsay S. , Hsiung Ging-Yuek Robin , Sheel A. William , Hsu Chun Liang , Kramer Arthur F. , Voss Michelle W. , Erickson Kirk I. , Davis Jennifer C. , Shoemaker J. Kevin , Boyd Lara , Crockett Rachel A. , Brinke Lisanne ten , Bherer Louis , Singer Joel , Galea Liisa A. M. , Jacova Claudia , Bullock Alexis , Grant Sofia , Liu-Ambrose Teresa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Targeted exercise training is a promising strategy for promoting cognitive function and preventing dementia in older age. Despite the utility of exercise as an intervention, variation still exists in exercise-induced cognitive gains and questions remain regarding the type of training (i.e., what), as well as moderators (i.e., for whom) and mechanisms (i.e., how) of benefit. Both aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT) enhance cognitive function in older adults without cognitive impairment; however, the vast majority of trials have focused exclusively on AT. Thus, more research is needed on RT, as well as on the combination of AT and RT, in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a prodromal stage for dementia. Therefore, we aim to conduct a 6-month, 2x2 factorial randomized controlled trial in older adults with MCI to assess the individual effects of AT and RT, as well as the combined effect of AT and RT on cognitive function and to determine the possible underlying biological mechanisms. Methods:Two hundred and sixteen community-dwelling adults, aged 65 to 85 years, with MCI from metropolitan Vancouver will be recruited to participate in this study. Randomization will be stratified by biological sex and participants will be randomly allocated to one of the four experimental groups: 1) 4x/week balance and tone (BAT; i.e., active control); 2) combined 2x/week AT + 2x/week RT; 3) 2x/week AT + 2x/week BAT; or 4) 2x/week RT + 2x/week BAT. The primary outcome is cognitive function as measured by the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive-Plus. Secondary outcomes include cognitive function, health related quality of life, physical function, actigraphy measures, questionnaires, and falls. Outcomes will be measured at baseline, 6 months (i.e., trial completion), and 18 months (i.e., 12-month follow-up). Discussion:Establishing the efficacy of different types and combinations of exercise training to minimize cognitive decline will advance our ability to prescribe exercise as “medicine” to treat MCI and delay the onset and progression of dementia. This trial is extremely timely as cognitive impairment and dementia pose a growing threat to global public health. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02737878. Registered on April 14, 2016. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02737878
Association of blood cadmium and metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020
Authors: Xing Weilong , Wang Lei , Gu Wen , Liang Mengyuan , Wang Zhen , Fan Deling , Zhang Bing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Previous findings have reported the role of different types of heavy metals in cardiometabolic diseases. In the present research, we aim to evaluate the association between blood cadmium levels and MetS base on the large-sample NHANES data. Public availably data from NHANES 2017–2020 cycle was obtained. Participants were divided into MetS and non-MetS groups according to waist circumference (WC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), blood pressure (BP) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels based on the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria. Student’s t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test were performed for univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic analysis was performed to explore the relationship between blood cadmium and MetS and research findings were presented in forest plot. We also investigated the association of blood cadmium and MetS in subgroups stratified by age, gender and race. Population with MetS had significantly higher levels of blood cadmium compared with those without MetS [0.30 (0.18–0.54) vs. 0.24 (0.15–0.46) ug/L, p < 0.001]. Higher blood cadmium concentrations were also observed in participants with elevated WC, TG, BP and FPG compared with those with normal metabolic parameters. Multivariate logistic regression showed that one unit increasement of blood cadmium was associated with 1.25 times higher prevalence ratios for MetS after adjusting potential confounders (95% CI: 1.06–1.48, p = 0.0083). Stratified multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the positive association between blood cadmium and MetS remained significant in subjects less than 60 years old and female subgroup. In conclusion, the cross-sectional survey suggested the positive association between blood cadmium levels and risk for MetS, prospective research need to be conducted for further evaluation of the causal relationship between blood cadmium and MetS.
Agile Maneuvers in Legged Robots: a Predictive Control Approach
Authors: Mastalli Carlos , Merkt Wolfgang , Xin Guiyang , Shim Jaehyun , Mistry Michael , Havoutis Ioannis , Vijayakumar Sethu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Planning and execution of agile locomotion maneu-vers have been a longstanding challenge in legged robotics. Itrequires to derive motion plans and local feedback policies inreal-time to handle the nonholonomy of the kinetic momenta.To achieve so, we propose a hybrid predictive controller thatconsiders the robot’s actuation limits and full-body dynamics. Itcombines the feedback policies with tactile information to locally predict future actions. It converges within a few millisecondsthanks to a feasibility-driven approach. Our predictive controllerenables ANYmal robots to generate agile maneuvers in realisticscenarios. A crucial element is to track the local feedback policiesas, in contrast to whole-body control, they achieve the desiredangular momentum. To the best of our knowledge, our predictivecontroller is the first to handle actuation limits, generate agilelocomotion maneuvers, and execute optimal feedback policies forlow level torque control without the use of a separate whole-bodycontroller.
Complex relationships inside the microbial communities of natural whey starters used for Parmigiano Reggiano cheese production revealed by culture-dependent and 16S rRNA metabarcoding portrait
Authors: Sola Laura , Quadu Emanuele , Bortolazzo Elena , Bertoldi Loris , Randazzo Cinzia L , Pizzamiglio Valentina , Solieri Lisa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Natural whey starters (NWS) are undefined microbial communities produced daily from whey of the previous cheese-making round, by application of high temperature. As a result, in any dairy plant, NWS are continuously evolving, undefined mixtures of several strains and/or species of lactic acid bacteria, whose composition and performance strongly depend on the selective pressure acting during incubation. While NWS is critical to assure consistency to cheese-making process, little is known about the composition, functional features, and plant-to-plant fluctuations. Here, we integrated culture-dependent methods and 16S rRNA metabarcoding to profile microbial communities of 10 NWS sampled in the production area of Parmigiano Reggiano cheese. 16S rRNA metabarcoding analysis revealed two main NWS community types, namely NWS type-H and NWS type-D, with Lactobacillus helveticus being more abundant in NWS type-H and Lactobacillus delbrueckii/St. thermophilus in NWS type-D, respectively. Based on prediction of metagenome functions, NWS type-H samples have enriched functional pathways related to galactose catabolism and purine metabolism, while NWS type-D were enriched in pathways related to aromatic and branched chain amino acid biosynthesis, which are flavor compound precursors. Culture-dependent approaches reveled low cultivability of individual colonies as axenic cultures and high genetic diversity in the pool of cultivable survivors. Co-culturing experiments showed that fermentative performance decreases by reducing the microbial complexity of inoculum, suggesting that complex biotic interactions and cross-feeding relationships take place in NWS communities, assuring phenotypic robustness. Even though our data cannot directly predict these ecological interactions, this study provides the basis for experiments targeted at understanding how selective regime affects NWS composition, microbial interaction, and technological features.
Creation of wear-resistant layers on steels using TIG electric arc surface remelting process with applying CaCN2-based nitriding powder
Authors: Kováč Ivan , Mikuš Rastislav , Žarnovský Jozef , Drlička Róbert , Harničárová Marta , Valíček Jan , Kadnár Milan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Tungsten inert gas (TIG) electric arc welding process was used for surface remelting of nitriding powder applied on selected steel grades. The influence of remelting on the chemical composition and microstructure changes in the remelted area of selected steels (25CrMo4, 30CrMoV9, 41CrAlMo7) with different content of nitride-forming elements (Al, V) was investigated to improve hardness and abrasion wear resistance. Nitriding powder Pulnierpulver based on calcium cyanamide (CaCN2) was used in remelting. Hardness measurements and determination of abrasive wear resistance on an abrasive cloth with Al2O3 particles were performed. The microstructures of the remelted layers, as well as the worn areas, were observed by SEM. The presence of nitrogen in the remelted layers was proved by EDX analysis. A significant increase of hardness and abrasive wear resistance was achieved up to a depth of 1–1.5 mm from the surface in the case of all steels through remelting process. These results obtained can be attributed to the significant effect of nitrogen on the hardenability increasing of remelted layers and alloying martensite with nitrogen. The most significant growths of both parameters investigated were achieved in 25CrMo4 steel, for which the most significant nitrogen enrichment was found. The presented process of TIG surface remelting with powders containing a particular element represents a cheap, affordable, and fast way of forming surface layers with improved hardness and wear resistance.