bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Essential Role of RIG-I in Hematopoietic Precursor Emergence in Primitive Hematopoiesis during Zebrafish Development
Authors: Wang Yue-yi , Nie Li , Xu Xiao-xiao , Shao Tong , Fan Dong-dong , Lin Ai-fu , Xiang Li-xin , Shao Jian-zhong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Retinoic acid–inducible gene I (RIG-I) is an important cytosolic pattern recognition receptor crucial for sensing RNA virus infection and initiating innate immune responses. However, the participation of RIG-I in cellular development under physiological conditions remains limited. In this study, the regulatory role of RIG-I in embryonic hematopoiesis was explored in a zebrafish model. Results showed that rig-I was ubiquitously expressed during embryogenesis at 24 h postfertilization (hpf). A defect in RIG-I remarkably disrupted the emergence of primitive hematopoietic precursors and subsequent myeloid and erythroid lineages. In contrast, RIG-I deficiency did not have an influence on the generation of endothelial precursors and angiogenesis and the development of mesoderm and adjacent tissues. The alteration in these phenotypes was confirmed by whole-mount in situ hybridization with lineage-specific markers. In addition, immunostaining and TUNEL assays excluded the abnormal proliferation and apoptosis of hematopoietic precursors in RIG-I–deficient embryos. Mechanistically, RIG-I regulates primitive hematopoiesis through downstream IFN signaling pathways, as shown by the decline in ifnφ2 and ifnφ3 expression, along with rig-I knockdown, and rescue of the defects of hematopoietic precursors in RIG-I–defective embryos after administration with ifnφ2 and ifnφ3 mRNAs. Additionally, the defects of hematopoietic precursors in RIG-I morphants could be efficiently rescued by the wild-type RIG-I but could not be restored by the RNA-binding–defective RIG-I with site mutations at the RNA-binding pocket, which are essential for association with RNAs. This finding suggested that endogenous RNAs may serve as agonists to activate RIG-I–modulated primitive hematopoiesis. This study revealed the functional diversity of RIG-I under physiological conditions far beyond that previously known.
The BUAS BUAS LEAF UTILIZATION OF BUAS BUAS LEAF (Premna pubescens Blume) ETHANOL EXTRACT AS LIQUID SOAP WITH ANTI-BACTERIA ACTIVITY
Authors: Rafita Rafita Yuniarti , Munandar Nasution Haris , Rani Zulmai , Fahmi Fahmi 
Published: May 2022

The buas buas (Premna pubescens Blume) plant is from the Lamiaceae family. The use of ethanol extract of buas buas leaf (Premna pubescens Blume) as soap is because soap is one of the health products needed by many people to maintain a healthy body. It is used as an antibacterial because buas buas leaves contain secondary metabolites that can be used as antibacterial.The Buas buas leaf Simplicia (Premna pubescens Blume) was extracted using 96% ethanol by maceration and concentrated with a rotary evaporator to evaporate the solvent. The concentrated extract obtained was tested by phytochemical screening, formulated into liquid soap with concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15% and tested for pH, foam height, viscosity, specific gravity and irritation test, and antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results of the phytochemical screening test of the ethanol extract of buas buas leaf (Premna pubescens Blume) contained secondary metabolites in the form of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and steroids/triterpenoids. Liquid soap made with concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% has a pH of 10-10.3; foam height 50-90 mm; viscosity 1210-1290 cP; specific gravity 1-1.08 and did not cause irritation to volunteers; and have inhibitory power of 14.2 mm, 15.0 mm, 16.0 mm, and 20.0 mm against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, respectively.
An updated review on microspheres: a suitable drug carrier in sustained release drug delivery
Authors: Srivastav Sachin , Kumar Kapil , Joshi Aparna , Teotia Deepak , Ikram Ikram 
Published: May 2022

With advances in biotechnology, genomics, and combinatorial chemistry, a wide variety of new, more potent and specific therapeutics are being created. Because of common problems such as low solubility, high potency, and/or poor stability of many of these new drugs, the means of drug delivery can impact efficacy and potential for commercialization as much as the nature of the drug itself. Thus, there is a corresponding need for safer and more effective methods and devices for drug delivery. Microspheres having particle size in range between 0.1-200 µm, can be delivered by several routes like oral, parentral, nasal, ophthalmic, transdermal, colonal etc. In future by combining various new strategies, microspheres will find a central place in novel drug delivery, particularly in diseased cell sorting, genetic materials, safe, targeting and effective drug delivery.
Does Split-Body Resistance Training Routine Performed Two Versus Three Days Per Week Induce Distinct Strength and Morphological Adaptations in Resistance-Trained Men? A Randomized Longitudinal Study
Authors: Felipe Alves Brigatto  , Júlio Benvenutti Bueno de Camargo  , Yuri Benhur Machado  , Moisés Diego Germano  , Marcelo Saldanha Aoki  , Tiago Volpi Braz  , Charles Ricardo Lopes  
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the chronic effects of training muscle groups, through a split-body routine on 2 versus 3 days per week, on neuromuscular performance and morphological adaptations in resistance-trained men with the number of sets per muscle group equated between conditions. Twenty healthy men (28.8 ± 6.1 years [range 19 to 37 years]; 172.8 ± 5.1 cm; total body mass = 70.2 ± 7.4 kg; RT experience = 3.5 ± 0.8 years [range 2 to 5 years]; RT frequency = 4.4 ± 0.5 session·wk-1) volunteered to participate in this study. Subjects were randomly assigned into 2 experimental groups: (1) 2 sessions·wk-1 per muscle (G2x, n = 10), in which every muscle was trained twice a week with 9 sets or (2) 3 sessions·wk-1 per muscle (G3x, n = 10), in which every muscle was trained thrice a week with 6 sets. All other variables were held constant over the 8-week study period. No significant difference between conditions for maximal strength in the back squat and bench press, muscle thickness of the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, vastus lateralis and anterior quadriceps (rectus femoris and vastus intermedius) was detected. In conclusion, both G2x and G3x significantly enhance muscular adaptations, with a similar improvement noted between experimental conditions.
PKM Pembinaan meningkatkan karakter siswa SMP Negeri 9 Sibolga menimbulkan jiwa kewirausahaan
Authors: Hutagalung Heriyawan , Simamora Fauziah Nur 
Published: May 2022

: Judul pengabdian adalah Pembinaan Meningkatkan Karakter Siswa SMP Negeri 9 Sibolga Menimbulkan Jiwa Kewirausahaan. Mitra pengabdian ini adalah siswa sekolah menegah pertama negeri 9 sibolga. Tujuan pelaksanaan program kemitraan masyarakat ini adalah (1) Pemahaman program kemitraan masyarakat ditengah siswa SMP 9 Sibolga, (2) pemahaman dalam pengetahuan kewirausahaan, (3) pemahaman pengelolaan manajemen dalam kewirausahaan, (4) meningkatkan karakter siswa dalam mengembangkan jiwa kewirausahaan sejak siswa menengah pertama. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode pembelajaran eksperimental dan konsep studi kepustakaan tentang jiwa kewirausahaan. Penyampaian berupa ceramah, diskusi sehingga orang dapat berpartisipasi aktif dalam kegiatan ini. Dalam pelatihan disajikan materi: Konsep jiwa kewirausahaan dan karakter. Setelah melakukan kegiatan ini, peserta cukup responsif dan antusias dalam mengikuti materi pelatihan, sebagaimana dibuktikan oleh banyaknya pertanyaan yang diajukan oleh para peserta dan ada rencana bisnis yang dibuat untuk membuatnya setelah mendapatkan pelatihan. Program ini dilakukan salah satu upaya untuk menambah wawasan ilmu pengetahuan dalam berwirausaha. Kegiatan ini juga berguna sebagai meningkatkan karakter siswa dalam jiwa kewirausahaan.
THE BARRIERS TO ORGANIZATIONAL REFORM IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT: CASE STUDY IN THE SPECIAL REGION OF YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Muallidin Isnaini , Gani Abdul Juli Andi , Muluk Mujibur Rahman Khairul , Wijaya Andy Fefta 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to describe and analyze the obstacles in organizational reform in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The method in this research uses qualitative methods and data analysis uses spiral analysis techniques. The results show that there are several obstacles related to organizational factors, namely: the problem of limited communication between superiors and subordinates, especially the Governor of DIY and the head of the OPD. For the divisional inhibiting factor in the DIY Regional Government in carrying out organizational reforms, the OPD head in responding to ideas from the DIY Governor in some ways is still slow. The functional factor that becomes an obstacle is the implementation of cross-agency government culture that has not run optimally.
Keywords: Barriers, Organizational Reform, Culture, DIY.
The Figure of the Earth: Geography, Astronomy and Geometry
Authors: Пападопулос А. 
Published: May 2022

Рассматривается, каким образом вопрос об установлении формы Земли привел к исследованиям в области дифференциальной геометрии сфероидов. Наша цель – показать, как вопросы географии приводили к появлению глубоких математических теорий.
We explain how the question of the figure of the Earth led to the study of the differential geometry of the spheroid. More generally, our aim is to illustrate the fact that deep mathematical theories were motivated by geographical questions.
Assimilation of passive microwave vegetation optical depth in LDAS-Monde: a case study over the continental USA
Authors: Mucia Anthony , Bonan Bertrand , Albergel Clément , Zheng Yongjun , Calvet Jean-Christophe 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The land data assimilation system, LDAS-Monde, developed by the research department of the French meteorological service (Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques – CNRM) is capable of well representing land surface variables (LSVs) from regional to global scales. It jointly assimilates satellite-derived observations of leaf area index (LAI) and surface soil moisture (SSM) into the interactions between soil–biosphere–atmosphere (ISBA) land surface model (LSM), increasing the accuracy of the model simulations of the LSVs. The assimilation of vegetation variables directly impacts root zone soil moisture (RZSM) through seven control variables consisting in soil moisture of seven soil layers from the soil surface to 1 m depth. This positive impact is particularly useful in dry conditions, where SSM and RZSM are decoupled to a large extent. However, this positive impact does not reach its full potential due to the low temporal availability of optical-based LAI observations, which is, at best, every 10 d, and can suffer from months of missing data over regions and seasons with heavy cloud cover such as winter or in monsoon conditions. In that context, this study investigates the assimilation of low-frequency passive microwave vegetation optical depth (VOD), available in almost all weather conditions, as a proxy for LAI. The Vegetation Optical Depth Climate Archive (VODCA) dataset provides near-daily observations of vegetation conditions, which is far more frequent than optical-based products such as LAI. This study's goal is to convert the more frequent X-band VOD observations into proxy-LAI observations through linear seasonal re-scaling and to assimilate them in place of direct LAI observations. Seven assimilation experiments are run from 2003 to 2018 over the contiguous United States (CONUS), with (1) no assimilation and the assimilation of (2) SSM, (3) LAI, (4) re-scaled X-band VOD (VODX), (5) re-scaled VODX only when LAI observations are available, (6) LAI + SSM, and (7) re-scaled VODX + SSM. This study analyzes these assimilation experiments by comparing them to satellite-derived observations and in situ measurements and is focused on the variables of LAI, SSM, gross primary production (GPP), and evapotranspiration (ET). Each experiment is driven by atmospheric forcing reanalysis from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5. Results show improved representation of GPP and ET by assimilating re-scaled VOD in place of LAI. Additionally, the joint assimilation of vegetation-related variables (i.e., LAI or re-scaled VOD) and SSM demonstrates a small improvement in the representation of soil moisture over the assimilation of any dataset by itself.
Pengaruh Pemberian Berbagai Jenis Pupuk Organik Cair Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Mentimun
Authors: Halun Indrayani , Yatim Hertasning 
Published: May 2022

Untuk meningkatkan hasil tanaman Mentimun perlu adanya usaha peningkatkan produksi dengan teknologi pemupukan yang baik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian berbagai jenis pupuk organik cair yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun ( Cucumis Sativus L ). Untuk mengetahui pupuk organik cair manakah yang mmberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Desa Kombutokan, Kecamatan Totikum, Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan. Pada bulan Juli sampai dengan September 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 7 perlakuan, Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali, sehingga semuanya ada 28 satuan percobaan, setiap polybag terdapat 2 tanaman, sehingga total keselurahan terdapat 56 populasi tanaman mentimun. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik cair rebung bambu, pupuk ganik cair bonggol pisang, pupuk organik cair sabuk kelapa tidak berpengaruh nyata.
From Awareness to Attention and Consciousness
Authors: Skottun Gro 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
This article discusses how awareness is used as a collective term in English, in the same way that it has been used in Norwegian. In many situations, it would be more appropriate to use other and more nuanced words to describe awareness, such as attention and consciousness. The use of a more comprehensive vocabulary to describe awareness leads to an elaboration of the awareness-attention-consciousness process and is linked to an article by Bloom (2019) on the awareness-consciousness continuum.
A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF THE OPHTHALMIC INDUSTRY BY SWOT-ANALYSIS
Authors: ДАРИБАЕВ Н. 
Published: May 2022

В этой статье рассматриваются возможности, преимущества и недостатки офтальмологической отрасли Казахстана. Сделан краткий анализ состояния развития офтальмологии. Цель. Изучить современное состояние офтальмологической отрасли Казахстана. Выявить факторы, которые влияют на развитие офтальмологии в целом. Методы. Эффективность медицинских услуг можно повысить, используя методы, позволяющие оценить как внутренние процессы, так и определить возможное влияние внешней среды на отрасль. SWOT-анализ - универсальный метод как для медицинских учреждений, так и для коммерческих медицинских организаций. Результаты и выводы. Внедрить разработанную программу по усовершенствованию офтальмологической отрасли в офтальмологию. Программа даст возможность осуществлять мониторинг и оценку деятельности учреждений, оказывающих офтальмологические услуги по качеству и объему оказания медицинской помощи, а также по показателям общего здравоохранения. Разработанная программа поможет усовершенствовать офтальмологическую отрасль и улучшить здоровье населения.
This article examines the opportunities, advantages and disadvantages of the ophthalmology industry in Kazakhstan. A brief analysis of the state of development of ophthalmology is made. Goal. To study the current state of the ophthalmological industry in Kazakhstan. Identify the factors that affect the development of ophthalmology in general. Methods. The effectiveness of medical services can be improved by using methods that allow us to assess both internal processes and determine the possible impact of the external environment on the industry. SWOT analysis is a universal method for both medical institutions and commercial medical organizations. Results and conclusions. Implement the developed program to improve the ophthalmology industry in ophthalmology. The program will provide an opportunity to monitor and evaluate the activities of institutions providing ophthalmic services in terms of the quality and volume of medical care, as well as in terms of general health indicators. The developed program will help to improve the ophthalmology industry and improve the health of the population.
INVESTIGATION OF THE STATE OF GENERAL TOXICITY OF ARTEMISIA SCHRENKIANA LEDEB PLANT EXTRACT
Authors: Еркенова Н. Б. , Сатбаева Э.М. , Ыдырыс Ә. , Батагоева З. Ж. , Абдуллаева Б. А. , Абдолла Н. , Сырайыл С. 
Published: May 2022

Данная статья посвящена изучению острой токсичности растений рода полыни Artemisia Schrenkiana Ledeb, которое является перспективном для получения получении новых фитопрепаратов. Artemisia Schrenkiana Ledeb. является эндемическим представителем рода полыни в Казахстане и вызывает определенный интерес в виду доступности сырья и наличия множества эффектов, которые могут применены в практической медицине в перспективе. Экспериментальные работы по изучению острой токсичности проводились на белых мышах. Экстракт растения вводили животным перорально через зонд в соответствующих дозах. Было проведено патоморфологические исследования основных органов элиминации лекарств (почки и печень) во всех опытных и контрольной группах (в конце эксперимента). Результаты исследований позволяют отнести экстракт полыни Шренка к классу нетоксичных веществ.
This article is devoted to the study of acute toxicity of plants of the wormwood genus Artemisia Schrenkiana Ledeb, which is promising for obtaining new phytopreparations. Artemisia Schrenkiana Ledeb. it is an endemic representative of the genus of wormwood in Kazakhstan and arouses some interest in view of the availability of raw materials and the presence of many effects that can be applied in practical medicine in the future. Experimental work on the study of acute toxicity was carried out on white mice. The plant extract was administered orally to animals through a probe in appropriate doses. Pathomorphological studies of the main organs of drug elimination (kidneys and liver) were carried out in all experimental and control groups (at the end of the experiment). The results of the research allow us to attribute the extract of Artemisia Schrenkiana Ledeb to the class of nontoxic substances.
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF LEGAL AND REGULATORY ACTS GOVERNING THE ORGANISATION AND QUALITY CONTROL OF MEDICAL CARE IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Төлеуғали Ш.Е. , Абикулова А.К. , Кумар А.Б. 
Published: May 2022

В данной статье проведен контент-анализ нормативных документов, применяемых в сфере экспертизы качества медицинских услуг в Республике Казахстан с обобщением результатов исследования. Проанализированы изменения в сфере контроля качества оказываемых услуг медицинской помощи в сфере здравоохранения Республики Казахстан путем сопоставления нормативных правовых актов, принятых в 2015 году министром здравоохранения и социального развития Республики Казахстан и в 2020 году министром здравоохранения Республики Казахстан.
This article provides a content analysis of regulatory documents used in the sphere of quality assurance of medical services, summarizing the results of the study. The changes in the sphere of quality control of rendered medical care services in the sphere of health care of the Republic of Kazakhstan were analyzed by comparing normative legal acts adopted in 2015 by the Minister of Health and Social Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan and in 2020 by the Minister of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Reflexões sobre como as tecnologias digitais impactam o conhecimento de adolescentes sobre o câncer
Authors: Bezerra Rayssa Nayara Venâncio , Ifadireó Miguel Melo , Ferreira Francisco Renato Silva , Bitu Vanessa de Carvalho Nilo , Teixeira Marlene Menezes de Souza , Braga Kassandra Lins 
Published: May 2022

A relação entre Educação e Saúde é fundamentada pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) como orientação para o ensino de Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias e defende o uso das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) na criação de diálogos em diferentes contextos. O objetivo buscará compreender de que forma as políticas públicas de promoção da saúde escolar deve ser utilizada para encarar as vulnerabilidades que dificultam o desenvolvimento de crianças e jovens. Já a relevancia está em compreender o comportamento da doença com as populações em destaque, visando assim, contribuir de forma positiva com a criação de projetos mais eficientes de controle do câncer, podendo facilitar a disseminação de informações voltadas às estratégias de tratamento a doenças neoplásicas, além de favorecer a criação de medidas profiláticas efetivas. A metodologia utilizada para a produção deste trabalho foi realizada através de revisão de literatura, de natureza eminentemente qualitativa. Essa escolha deu-se porque a pesquisa qualitativa segundo Minayo et al. (2001), proporciona um contato direto com os fatos estudados propiciando a geração de novos conhecimentos. Os achados da pesquisa permitem apontar que o Ministério da Saúde (MS) enxerga o câncer como um conjunto de mais de 100 tipos de doenças, que têm em comum a proliferação exacerbada de células anormais, podendo atingir tecidos e órgãos vizinhos. Por fim, as considerações finais, destacam que é inegável o quanto as tecnologias digitais impactam o conhecimento de adolecentes sobre qualquer temática em saúde na atualidade, tendo em vista que essas tecnologias são ofertadas na forma de aplicativos interativos e atraentes de modo a despertar o interesse do usuário dessa faixa etária.
An Astonishing Visibility: The Invisible Hand and the Visible Fist; Or, Enlightenment, Aesthetics, and Police
Authors: Zorach Rebecca 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This essay takes as a starting point the modern influence of Scottish philosopher Adam Smith's notion of the “invisible hand” in economics, and its relationship to police and policing, to trace the power relationships and aesthetic theories embedded in both in their 18th-century origins. Smith repeatedly frames the concept of the invisible hand in aesthetic terms, as does (in a different way) his devotee, neoliberal evangelist Milton Friedman. He also connects it at the outset with the then-current definition of the word “police” as both political order and refinement (etymologically connected to “polish”). An archaeology of both concepts leads to a final question: To what extent does our current understanding of “art” require a kind of order that can only come from “police”?
Isolation and identification of seed borne fungi on dry bean and determination of their location on seed coats
Authors: Lashger Ibtisam, M. , El gali Zahra,I. , Khalifa Hanan A 
Published: May 2022

This study was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Omar AL-Mukhtar, during the growing seasons 2014-2015, aiming to justify many objectives including isolation and identification of seed-borne fungal pathogen on dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The study also aimed to determine the location of pathogens on seed parts. The Seed samples were collected from the local market and underwent an isolation process after the surface sterilization of seeds to know the most important plant pathogens carried on beans seeds and determine their location and estimate their severity. Our results indicated that ten pathogenic fungi were isolated and identified as (Alternaria sp, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium sp ,Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporium ,Chaetumium sp,Rhizoctonia sp,Cladosporium sp, Botrytis cinearea). Results also emphasized the presence of fungi Rhizoctonia sp, Chaetumium sp in the seed coat, and Aspergillus sp ,Penicillium sp in embryio, While fungus Fusarium solani, ,Cladosporium sp, F. oxysporium , Alternaria sp ,Penicillium sp were noted in Cotyledons .