bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appraising the Origins of British Language and the Challenges of Business Communication
Authors: Dansou Bertin Y. 
Published: May 2022

The English language has shown the same history and development as Anglo-Saxon and British peoples. English ancestors were great warriors and business people. They showed great achievements in Germanic, Scandinavian, Greek, Roman ,French ,English and American wars ,and other activities. This makes English a relevant and suitable language for Wars, social and economic activities; hence the sociolinguistic origins and dimensions of English and business. Nevertheless, this well-known and important language is challenged by business demands that shape and reshape English for communication in the direction of modernity and globalization. The purpose of this analysis is to use structuralism criticism to revisit the diachronic and synchronic aspects of the language to demonstrate connections and interconnections between the origins of the language ,its development and the use of business communication for the promotion of social, political and economic activities. Languages promotion and business development or success are then interdependent for sustainable development
Investigation of the impact of electromagnetic fields emitted close to the head by smart glasses
Authors: Jungk Philipp , Wienke Matthias , Schiefer Christoph , Hartmann Ulrich , Harth Volker , Terschüren Claudia , Alteköster Carsten , Friemert Daniel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe functionality of smart glasses includes the possibility of wireless communication. For this purpose, WiFi or Bluetooth modules are integrated into the glasses. They emit electromagnetic radiation in the vicinity of the user’s head. This simulation study investigates the impact of varying positions, frequencies, and antenna types of the embedded WiFi or Bluetooth modules on different tissue types in the human head. The absorption of electromagnetic energy causes the main impact on the tissue in the head. This physical process is best described by the specific absorption rate SAR. To investigate the effects of position, frequency, and antenna type on the simulated SAR values multiple simulations have been carried out considering real-world applications of smart glasses. The results show that the type of antenna has little effect on the SAR values of the different tissues. The maximum regulated output powers explain the frequencies’ impact on the exposure. According to our findings, the greatest influence on the SAR values can be attributed to the placement of the antenna. Finally, our study reveals that positioning the antenna at the front side of the head is optimal for most tissues because of its maximal distance to the head tissues.
Skeletonema species (Bacillariophyta) from the northwestern Sea of Japan: morphology, ecology, seasonal and long-term dynamics
Authors: Shevchenko Olga G. , Ponomareva Anna A. , Shulgina Maria A. , Tevs Kirill O. , Orlova Tatiana Yu. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Skeletonema species are among the most important components of phytoplankton communities in the temperate and tropical Pacific Ocean. Data on Skeletonema species diversity and abundance in the northeastern Pacific are fragmentary. The long-term observations (1996–2019) of the phytoplankton from the coastal waters of the northwestern Sea of Japan resulted in five Skeletonema species being recorded: Skeletonema costatum, S. dohrnii, S. japonicum, S. marinoi and S. menzelii. For each of the species, a morphological description is provided based on electron microscopy. Ecological factors influencing the distribution of the species and their occurrence under certain environmental parameters are discussed. One of the species, S. menzelii, is a new record for Russia. Skeletonema costatum was confirmed to occur in the study area. Seasonal and interannual changes in the abundance of Skeletonema species were studied. The concentrations of the species varied from 20 cells l−1 to 12,700,000 cells l−1. From 1996 to 2018 there was a downward trend in the numbers of Skeletonema. Skeletonema japonicum was noted for the first time to bloom. Skeletonema dohrnii formed summer blooms; S. japonicum bloomed in the autumn. No Skeletonema blooms were detected in the winter months.
The Influence of Chinese Proficiency and Cultural Background on CFL Learners’ Comprehension of Chinese Logogriphs
Authors: Wang Yizhen , Wang Xiaolu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study investigates how Chinese logogriphs are comprehended by learners of Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) with different Chinese proficiencies and cultural backgrounds. Eighty-eight CFL learners from four cultures (South Koreans, Southeast Asians, Western Caucasians and Arabs) were divided into two Chinese proficiency groups according to their HSK scores, and 15 L1 Chinese speakers also took part in the experiment as a control group. The participants were asked to write down how they interpreted Chinese logogriphs in questionnaires. An ANOVA analysis was conducted to examine the effects of Chinese proficiency and cultural background on logogriph comprehension. The results indicate that the accuracy of logogriph comprehension and the frequency of adopting logogriph-solving strategies positively correlated with the learners’ Chinese proficiency, and that those with higher proficiency used more linguistic and cultural knowledge of the target language. As for cultural influence, Western Caucasians tended to think more visually than the other three cultural groups, and South Koreans and Southeast Asians were better at activating Chinese semantic knowledge. The closer the CFL learners’ culture is to Chinese culture, the more similar strategies they adopted to those of L1 Chinese participants. Moreover, the participants’ Chinese proficiency and cultural background show an interactive effect on their logogriph comprehension, with the former factor having a greater influence than the latter in this process.
Motor Compatibility Effect on the Comprehension of Complex Manual Action Sentences in L2: An ERP Study
Authors: Zang Anqi , Wang Huili , Guo Hanning , Wang Yan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Embodiment theories proposed that the comprehension of language involves sensory-motor simulation in the brain. The present study examined the brain response to motor compatibility effect in comprehending action-related linguistic materials for participants learning Chinese as a second language (L2). In this study, participants are required to read action-related sentences describing an agent performing two manual actions simultaneously or sequentially by manipulating temporal conjunctions. The sentences with simultaneous actions are marked by Chinese parallel structure 一边……一边…… (“while”) showing non-congruent motor condition while the sequential action sentences are marked by 先……然后…… (“after”) showing congruent motor condition. Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) were recorded with the second verb phrase. A larger fronto-central late positivity was observed for the sentences with simultaneous actions rather than the sentences with sequential actions due to body constraints, revealing that late L2 Chinese learners integrate embodied knowledge while processing action-related complex sentence despite demanding more cognitive resources, and longer processing time.
The Influence of Combining Computer-Assisted Language Learning With Instruction on Chinese College Students’ L2 Pragmatic Ability
Authors: Zhang Ying 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the area of computer-assisted language learning (CALL), although a number of studies have adopted various CALL-based devices (e. g., blogs, gaming, and synthetic environments) to foster second language (L2) acquisition, the vital component of instruction has received little attention. The present study explored the usefulness of CALL-based communication in conjunction with instruction on EFL learners’ L2 pragmatic development. Sixty-two EFL students from a university in China were recruited for the current research. The experimental group communicated with a native English speaker through synchronous messaging via Skype and had two instructional sessions pertinent to compliment responses, while the control group interacted with a native English speaker via Skype without having the teaching intervention. Findings from an independent samplest-test demonstrated that the experimental group produced significantly more proper compliment responses in the immediate posttest than the control group (p< . 001). Moreover, a significant difference (p< . 001) was found for the experimental group between the pre-intervention and delayed post-intervention mean scores, suggesting that CALL coupled with teaching intervention had a long-term impact on learners’ L2 pragmatic development. These findings enrich our understanding of the beneficial and lasting influence of combining CALL with instruction on EFL students’ pragmatic development. In addition, pedagogical implications for deploying CALL paired with L2 pragmatics instruction are provided.
Chinese University Students’ Attitudes Toward Chinese-English Classroom Code-Switching
Authors: Liu Hong , Wei Rining (Tony) 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigates students’ attitudes towards classroom code-switching (CS) between Chinese and English, and how such attitudes are influenced by learning motivation and language anxiety, the two focal variables of the present study. A total of 550 students from a university in northwest China took part in an online survey. The results of quantitative analyses suggest a division of attitudes towards CS, acknowledging its usefulness but dismissing its symbolic value. Such attitudes can be predicted based on the focal learner characteristics. The implications of the findings are discussed vis-à-vis the social psychology of CS and an optimal use of CS to assist language learning and teaching.
Reduced basis method for the nonlinear Poisson–Boltzmann equation regularized by the range-separated canonical tensor format
Authors: Kweyu Cleophas , Feng Lihong , Stein Matthias , Benner Peter 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Poisson–Boltzmann equation (PBE) is a fundamental implicit solvent continuum model for calculating the electrostatic potential of large ionic solvated biomolecules. However, its numerical solution encounters severe challenges arising from its strong singularity and nonlinearity. In (P. Benner, V. Khoromskaia, B. Khoromskij, C. Kweyu, and M. Stein, “Regularization of Poisson-Boltzmann type equations with singular source terms using the range-separated tensor format,” SIAM J. Sci. Comput., vol. 43, no. 1, pp. A415–A445, 2021; C. Kweyu, V. Khoromskaia, B. Khoromskij, M. Stein, and P. Benner, “Solution decomposition for the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation using the range-separated tensor format,” arXiv:2109.14073, 2021), the effect of strong singularities was eliminated by applying the range-separated (RS) canonical tensor format (P. Benner, V. Khoromskaia, and B. N. Khoromskij, “Range-separated tensor format for many-particle modeling,” SIAM J. Sci. Comput., vol. 40, no. 2, pp. A1034–A1062, 2018; B. N. Khoromskij, “Range-separated tensor representation of the discretized multidimensional Dirac delta and elliptic operator inverse,” J. Comput. Phys., vol. 401, p. 108998, 2020) to construct a solution decomposition scheme for the PBE. The RS tensor format allows deriving a smooth approximation to the Dirac delta distribution in order to obtain a regularized PBE (RPBE) model. However, solving the RPBE is still computationally demanding due to its high dimension

N

$\mathcal{N}$

, where

N

$\mathcal{N}$

is always in the millions. In this study, we propose to apply the reduced basis method (RBM) and the (discrete) empirical interpolation method ((D)EIM) to the RPBE in order to construct a reduced order model (ROM) of low dimension

N
≪
N

$N\ll \mathcal{N}$

, whose solution accurately approximates the nonlinear RPBE. The long-range potential can be obtained by lifting the ROM solution back to the

N

$\mathcal{N}$

-space while the short-range potential is directly precomputed analytically, thanks to the RS tensor format. The sum of both provides the total electrostatic potential. The main computational benefit is the avoidance of computing the numerical approximation of the singular electrostatic potential. We demonstrate in the numerical experiments, the accuracy and efficacy of the reduced basis (RB) approximation to the nonlinear RPBE (NRPBE) solution and the corresponding computational savings over the classical nonlinear PBE (NPBE) as well as over the RBM being applied to the classical NPBE.
Nonlinear response of Q-boosting metasurfaces beyond the time-bandwidth limit
Authors: Shafirin Pavel A. , Zubyuk Varvara V. , Fedyanin Andrey A. , Shcherbakov Maxim R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Resonant nanostructures, such as photonic metasurfaces, have created an unprecedented case for enhanced light–matter interactions through local field engineering. However, the presence of resonances fundamentally limits the bandwidth of such interactions. Here, we report on amending the nonlinear optical response of a semiconducting metasurface through Q-boosting, where the Q-factor of a metasurface rapidly increases with time. The coupled-mode theory reveals overcoming the bandwidth limit by coupling a broadband signal to a bandwidth-matched resonance and Q-boosting at a timescale faster than a resonator lifetime. A control–excitation experiment simulation using a tailored Q-boosting silicon-germanium metasurface predicts the third-harmonic enhancement by factors of 8 (peak) and 4.5 (integrated) against the best-case static metasurface. An analysis of free-carrier losses based on experimental data shows robustness to nonradiative losses and offers a viable pathway to increasing the light–matter interactions beyond the bandwidth limit, with implications in nonlinear and quantum optics, sensing, and telecommunication technologies.
Dynamics of broadband photoinduced species and enabled photodetection in MXenes
Authors: Zhang Feng , Cao Rui , Li Zhongjun , Gao Siyan , Chen Hualong , Guo Jia , Zhang Yule , Al-Amoudi Bashaer Omar , Wageh Swelm , Al-Ghamdi Ahmed A. , Zhang Xi , Zhang Han 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Dynamics of photoinduced species, as a key parameter for nanomaterials plays a significantly role in the performance of optoelectronic devices. In this work, the origin of broadband optical response for the emerging Ti3C2T
x
MXene is revealed by transient spectroscopic analysis. From ultraviolet to infrared, the steady-state and transient optical responses present wavelength-related features. The carrier lifetime is found to change from femtosecond to nanosecond time scale dominated by various photoinduced species, i.e., carrier and surface plasmon. The unique optoelectronic character enables photodetection. This fundamental study on carrier, plasmon dynamics, and application in photodetection is helpful for exploring MXene-based optoelectronic devices.
Subacute thyroiditis associated with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis after COVID-19 vaccination: a case report
Authors: Murashita Mone , Wada Norio , Baba Shuhei , Sugawara Hajime , Miyoshi Arina , Obara Shinji 
Published: May 2022

Summary
We report a 26-year-old Japanese man who visited our outpatient clinic presenting fever immediately after i.m. injection of the second dose of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine (Moderna®). At the first visit, the patient had a fever of 37.7°C and a swollen thyroid gland with mild tenderness. He was diagnosed with subacute thyroiditis (SAT) based on the presence of thyrotoxicosis (free tri-iodothyronine, 32.3 pg/mL; free thyroxine, >7.77 ng/dL; and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) < 0.01 μIU/mL), high C-reactive protein level (7.40 mg/dL), negative TSH receptor antibody, and characteristic ultrasound findings. His HLA types were A*02:01/24:02, B*15:11/35:01, Cw*03:03, DRB1*09:01/12:01, DQB1*03:03, and DPB1*05: 01/41:01. He was initially administered prednisolone 15 mg/day, following which the fever subsided. After 10 days, he developed limb weakness and could not walk. The serum potassium level decreased to 1.8 mEq/L, which confirmed the diagnosis of thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP). Potassium supplementation was initiated. The muscle weakness gradually decreased. Prednisolone therapy was terminated 6 weeks after the first visit. His thyroid function returned to normal 5 months after the first visit, through a hypothyroid state. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of TPP-associated SAT following COVID-19 vaccination. Persistent fever following vaccination should be suspected of SAT. Additionally, TPP may be associated with SAT in Asian male patients.

Learning points

Following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, subacute thyroiditis may develop regardless of the vaccine type.

If persistent fever, anterior neck pain, swelling and tenderness of thyroid gland, and symptoms of thyrotoxicosis are observed immediately after the COVID-19 vaccination, examination in consideration of the onset of subacute thyroiditis is recommended.

HLA-B35 may be associated with the onset of subacute thyroiditis after the COVID-19 vaccination.

Although rare, subacute thyroiditis can be associated with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis, especially in Asian men.

Glucocorticoid therapy for subacute thyroiditis may induce thyrotoxic periodic paralysis through hypokalemia.
Classical or Old Norse myth? German and Danish approaches to the use of myth in the modern literature at the turn of the 19th century
Authors: Králová Magda 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the study, I provide a comparative overview of the aesthetical debate that took place at the turn of the 18th and 19th century in Germany and Denmark concerning the use of the Old Norse versus the classical mythology in literature. I discuss Johann Gottfried Herder’s ideas on this topic, expressed in his work Vom neuern Gebrauch der Mythologie (1767) and especially in his dialogue Iduna oder der Apfel der Verjüngung (1796), with focus on the following question: Does the rejuvenating potential of the Norse myth as suggested by Herder in Iduna, allow any room for the classical inspirations in modern literature? Herder’s view will provide a starting point of the comparison for the cultural situation in Denmark where the University of Copenhagen announced in 1800 a prize question on aesthetics “Would it benefit Northern polite literature if ancient Northern mythology were introduced and generally accepted by our poets in place of its Greek counterpart?”. The entries in this contest represented the view of the younger generation, namely Adam Oehlenschläger, Jens Møller and Ludvig Stoud Platou. I summarize their views and examine Herder’s influence on the debate.
Analysis of the natural composite material layers influence on the cantilever’s structural performance
Authors: Al wazir Ali hammoudi Abdul-Kareem 
Published: May 2022

In this study, with their high strength-to-weight ratio, adaptability, and lack of corrosion, composite materials are widely used in aircraft construction and can be considered an acceptable metal substitute by all parties involved. Static load tests have been performed under identical conditions and stresses, but the layer sequence was changed. The Ansys workbench ACP-pre is utilized to analyze the data. Various deformations were found as a result of this. There are values of 14.265 and 0.1335 for the smallest z-direction deformation and for the overall strain in the composite 3 examples. Boundary conditions have been confirmed with 1,500 N as a resultant force with the static condition. The simulation results have been analyzed as a static condition. Four materials have been employed in different order to be investigated and these materials are Sisal, Pineapple, Jute, and Kenaf. The numerical results have been undertaken using the static structure of Ansys 16.1 Version tool. Geometry has been modeled and meshed using Ansys workbench. The model has been verified using convergence test. As the output, total deformation and von Mises stresses were investigated and explained accordingly. Numerical results stated that the maximum deformation due applied load was at the Z-axis. The maximum total deformation value is 1.254 mm and the minimum is 2.5 mm. Furthermore, von Mises stresses of the entire body have been calculated. The numerical results have shown the maximum result due to 1,500 N is 1.1 mPa. Eventually, the main aim has been achieved by employing total deformation and von Mises stresses accordingly
Increasıng the bıologıcal value of bread through the applıcatıon of pumpkın puree
Authors: Bayramov Eldaniz , Aliyev Shakir , Gasimova Afat , Gurbanova Sevda , Kazimova Ilhama 
Published: May 2022

Some vegetables are indispensable for the production of a wide range of bread products, because of their chemical composition. One of the factors hindering their widespread use in the bakery is the insufficient study of their functional properties in the mentioned technological areas. The main goal of the study was a complex analysis of the food value, mineral and vitamin compositions of raw materials and bread with additives, on the example of pumpkin variety «Perekhvatka 69». This is necessary to further substantiate the development of technology for the production of new types of bakery products, expanding the range of products and satisfying various consumer preferences. The nature of changes in nutrients, mineral and vitamin compositions in the technological process has been studied, which makes it possible to determine the proportion of reduction in their content. Based on this, it is possible to adjust the content of nutrients, mineral and vitamin compositions before and after the technological process of processing raw materials and making bread with additives. It has been found that the introduction of pumpkin puree has practically no effect on the amount of washed gluten. However, at a dosage of pumpkin puree from 5 to 25 %, the compression strain of raw gluten increases from 68.5 to 94.7 units instrument. This makes it possible to regulate the desired final properties of bread and the deformation of gluten in the dough