bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher NT-proBNP Levels are Related to Poor Functional Outcome and
Pneumonia in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients
Authors: You Shoujiang , Hu Weidong , Pan Xinjia , Wu Huan , Zhou Yi , Song Liyan , Zhai Wanqing , Cao Yongjun 
Published: October 2022

Background:
We investigated the association between N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) levels upon hospital admission and early hematoma growth (HG), in-hospital pneumonia and major disability in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods:
A total of 353 ICH patients from January 2014 to February 2019 were included in the present study. Patients was divided into three groups based on the admission NT-proBNP levels (T1: <61; T2: 61-199; T3: ≥199 pg/mL). Logistic regression models were used to estimate the effect of NT-proBNP on early HG, in-hospital pneumonia, and major disability upon hospital discharge (modified Rankin Scale score ≥5) in ICH patients.

Results:
There are no significant association between baseline NT-proBNP levels and early HG (P-trend =0.249). The risk of in-hospital pneumonia was significantly higher in patients with highest NT-proBNP level (T3) (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-4.08) and higher NT-proBNP level (T2) (adjusted OR 2.18; 95% CI, 1.19-4.00) compared to those with lowest NT-proBNP level (T1). The highest NT-proBNP level (T3) was associated with a 3.55-fold increase in the risk of major disability at hospital discharge (adjusted OR 3.55; 95% CI, 1.23-10.26; P-trend =0.013) in comparison to T1 after adjustment for potential covariates including pneumonia.

Conclusions:
Increased NT-proBNP at admission was independently associated with in-hospital pneumonia and major disability upon discharge, but not early hematoma growth in acute ICH patients.
Combined Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapies for Cancer Treatment:
Recent Advances and Future Perspectives
Authors: Muluh Tobias Achu , Lu Xiaohong , Zhang Yan , Li Yafei , Fu Qiuxia , Han Zhiqiang , Wang Daijie , Umar Shinge Shafiu A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
The previous year's worldview for cancer treatment has advanced from general to more precise therapeutics approaches. Chemotherapies were first distinguished as the most reliable and brief therapy with promising outcomes in cancer patients. However, patients could also suffer from severe toxicities resulting from chemotherapeutic drug usage. An improved comprehension of cancer pathogenesis has led to new treatment choices, including tumor-targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Subsequently, cancer immunotherapy and targeted therapy give more hope to patients since their combination has tremendous therapeutic efficacy. The immune system responses are also initiated and modulated by targeted therapies and cytotoxic agents, which create the principal basis that when targeted therapies are combined with immunotherapy, the clinical outcomes are of excellent efficacy, as presented in this review. This review focuses on how immunotherapy and targeted therapy are applicable in cancer management and treatment. Also, it depicts promising therapeutic results with more extensive immunotherapy applications with targeted therapy. Further elaborate that immune system responses are also initiated and modulated by targeted therapies and cytotoxic agents, which create the principal basis that this combination therapy with immunotherapy can be of great outcome clinically.
Burnout Related to Diabetes Mellitus: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Kontoangelos Konstantinos , Raptis Athanasios , Lambadiari Vaia , Economou Marina , Tsiori Sofia , Katsi Vasiliki , Papageorgiou Christos , Martinaki Sofia , Dimitriadis George , Papageorgiou Charalabos 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Diabetes burnout is a condition when a patient with diabetes feels tired from his/her disease and neglects it for a certain period or continuously.

Objective:
Diabetes burnout is frequent, and there is extended literature about psychosocial stress and its negative effects on health.

Methods:
A search for relevant studies was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar and ResearchGate. A systematic review was conducted on the relevant articles after critical appraisal. Only publications in English were selected. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between burnout syndrome and diabetes mellitus.

Results:
This article mainly focused on studies that evaluated the presence of burnout and diabetes mellitus effects. Diabetes can influence psychological health equally with somatic strength. Relatives can also express depression, guilt, fright, worry, rage, and burnout. Psychosocial job stress and extended working hours are linked with a higher possibility of myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension.

Conclusion:
Diabetes burnout is a combination of emotions and practices, ranging from tiredness to indifference, linked with a distressing sense of hopelessness. Revealing this health condition is necessary so that preventive measures can be taken.
Phytochemical and Pharmacological Aspects of Hygrophila Spinosa: An
Overview
Authors: Kothapalli Lata , Gaikwad Smruti , Thomas Asha 
Published: October 2022

Background:
A plant from the Acanthaceae family, Hygrophila spinosa T. Ander is geographically distributed throughout Asia and is noted for its diuretic and aphrodisiac properties in Ayurvedic literature. In the last four decades, various research teams have conducted experiments with the plant Hygrophila spinosa for screening of the plant as hepatoprotective, anti-urolithiasis, diuretic, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, chemoprotective, and anticancer activities along withanalgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. Flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and triterpenoids are among the phytochemicals separated from different plant components, along with vitamins and minerals.

Objective:
Considering thetherapeutic value of the plant, focus on using current technology to quantify and confirm the pharmacological effects with in vitro and in vivo assays was felt and to shed light on in silico investigations.

Results:
Relevant analytical tools for characterizing and quantifying phytoconstituents in the plant along with emphasis on well-established pharmacological screening experiments on parts and/or whole plant extracts, commercially available formulations of H.spinosahave been elaborated.It has been discussed how to further validate the pharmacological effects using insilicomethods and predictions from ADME/T analyses. H. spinosa-based Phyto fabricated nanoparticle systems with gold and silver have broadened the use of plant extract as a metal carrier which minimizes metal toxicity to further boost its synergistic effects in response to the growing need for targeted medicine delivery systems.

Conclusión:
In light of the necessity to investigate a thorough mechanism of action for each of the specific phytoconstituents contained in the plant, the present review summarizes the phytochemical and pharmacological importance of the plant in chronic illness.
Research on Information Fusion Preview Control for Freight Train Speed
Tracking
Authors: Jiang Peng , Li Wang , Jin Xinmiao , Yi Lingzhi 
Published: October 2022

Background:
With the increase in the speed and capacity of freight trains, the safety, energy efficiency and intelligent operation of train operation have become increasingly important. Automatic freight trains operation can replace manual operation with automated control systems, which can guarantee the safety of train operation, and improve operational efficiency and reduce operational energy consumption.

Objective:
Solve the problem of tracking accuracy and stability deterioration caused by multi-information of freight train.

Methods:
Global navigation satellite system, inertial navigation system and speed measuring motor are selected to construct a speed fusion measurement model by using loosely coupled integrated navigation and improved entropy weight method. Calculate the information quantity of performance index and control quantity in preview control, get the controlled quantity of information fusion optimal preview control.

Results:
The average tracking error of the multi-source information fusion preview controller is 0.038m/s, which is 49% lower than that of the control experiment.

Conclusion:
Multi-source information fusion preview controller can effectively reduce the tracking error of freight train speed tracking system and improve the accuracy of automatic freight trains operation.
How Supporting the Everyday Information Practices of Students with Autism Can Enhance Their Sensory and Social Well-Being
Authors: Mallary Kevin 
Published: October 2022

Higher education students are expected to master everyday life, which involves receiving and processing copious information, completing assignments, communicating with their professors and peers, planning for their careers, and building life skills (e.g., budgeting finances, managing schedules, securing housing). To accomplish those tasks, students seek, use, and share information in normative ways, behaviors called everyday information practices. For students with autism, however, engaging in everyday information practices can be difficult due to affective, cognitive, and social barriers. Institutions unaware of or unwilling to accommodate autistic students’ information needs may not provide the structural agency these students need to receive the same quality education as their neurotypical peers. This study defined structural agency as the people, information, norms, and tools (e.g., accommodations, technologies) within a higher education institution that aid students’ everyday information practices.
Studies of autistic students’ everyday information practices emphasize information professionals’ perspectives (e.g., academic librarians, disability support coordinators, professors) and seldom elicit students’ information needs. Hence, I employed Grounded Theory Method to understand – from autistic students’ experiences – how institutions enable them to master everyday life. I conducted initial and follow-up interviews with 16 autistic students from two flagship universities in the United States. Participants also created everyday life maps, illustrations of their information practices for mastering everyday life. Multiple rounds of data collection and analysis revealed participants’ information practices and their recommendations for enhancing sensory and social well-being. Implications for academic librarians include developing sensory well-being spaces and providing information literacy skills instruction for building self-advocacy.
Lessons Learned From the SoBeezy Program for Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experimentation and Evaluation
Authors: Pech Marion , Gbessemehlan Antoine , Dupuy Lucile , Sauzéon Hélène , Lafitte Stéphane , Bachelet Philippe , Amieva Hélène , Pérès Karine 
Published: October 2022

Background
The SoBeezy program is an innovative intervention aimed at promoting and fostering healthy aging and aging in place by proposing to older adults concrete solutions to face daily life, tackle loneliness, promote social participation, and reduce the digital divide, thanks to a specific, easy-to-use voice assistant (the BeeVA smart display).

Objective
This study aims to assess the acceptability of the SoBeezy program and its voice assistant and to identify potential areas of improvement.

Methods
A 12-month experimentation of the program was deployed in real-life conditions among older adults living in the community in 4 pilot cities of France. Launched during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 crisis, this multisite study aimed to assess acceptability using questionnaires and interviews conducted at baseline and at the end of the experimentation. In addition, a series of meetings were conducted with SoBeezy staff members to obtain direct feedback from the ground.

Results
In total, 109 older individuals were equipped with BeeVA to use the SoBeezy program; of these, 32 (29.4%) left the experimentation before its end and 69 (63.3%) completed the final questionnaires. In total, 335 interventions were conducted and 27 (39%) of the participants requested services, mainly for supportive calls and visits and assistance with shopping, transportation, and crafting-gardening. Of the whole sample, 52 (75%) considered BeeVA as a reassuring presence, and few persons (15/69, 22%) reported a negative opinion about the program. Among the participants, the voice assistant appeared easy to use (n=57, 82%) and useful (n=53, 77%). They also were positive about the BeeVA smart display and the SoBeezy intervention.

Conclusions
This multisite study conducted in real-life conditions among more than 100 older adults living in the community provides enlightening results of the reality from the ground of digital tools designed for the aging population. The COVID-19 context appeared both as an opportunity, given the massive needs of the older adults during this crisis, and as limiting due to sanitary constraints. Nevertheless, the experimentation showed overall good acceptability of the voice assistant and a high level of satisfaction of the participants among those who really used the system and could be a way of improving the autonomy and well-being of older adults and their families. However, the findings also highlighted resistance to change and difficulties for the users to ask for help. The experimentation also emphasized levers for next deployments and future research. The next step will be the experimentation of the activity-sharing component that could not be tested due to the COVID-19 context.
Understanding the Social Mechanism of Cancer Misinformation Spread on YouTube and Lessons Learned: Infodemiological Study
Authors: Yoon Ho Young , You Kyung Han , Kwon Jung Hye , Kim Jung Sun , Rha Sun Young , Chang Yoon Jung , Lee Sang-Cheol 
Published: October 2022

Background
A knowledge gap exists between the list of required actions and the action plan for countering cancer misinformation on social media. Little attention has been paid to a social media strategy for disseminating factual information while also disrupting misinformation on social media networks.

Objective
The aim of this study was to, first, identify the spread structure of cancer misinformation on YouTube. We asked the question, “How do YouTube videos play an important role in spreading information about the self-administration of anthelmintics for dogs as a cancer medicine for humans?” Second, the study aimed to suggest an action strategy for disrupting misinformation diffusion on YouTube by exploiting the network logic of YouTube information flow and the recommendation system. We asked the question, “What would be a feasible and effective strategy to block cancer misinformation diffusion on YouTube?”

Methods
The study used the YouTube case of the self-administration of anthelmintics for dogs as an alternative cancer medicine in South Korea. We gathered Korean YouTube videos about the self-administration of fenbendazole. Using the YouTube application programming interface for the query “fenbendazole,” 702 videos from 227 channels were compiled. Then, videos with at least 50,000 views, uploaded between September 2019 and September 2020, were selected from the collection, resulting in 90 videos. Finally, 10 recommended videos for each of the 90 videos were compiled, totaling 573 videos. Social network visualization for the recommended videos was used to identify three intervention strategies for disrupting the YouTube misinformation network.

Results
The study found evidence of complex contagion by human and machine recommendation systems. By exposing stakeholders to multiple information sources on fenbendazole self-administration and by linking them through a recommendation algorithm, YouTube has become the perfect infrastructure for reinforcing the belief that fenbendazole can cure cancer, despite government warnings about the risks and dangers of self-administration.

Conclusions
Health authorities should upload pertinent information through multiple channels and should exploit the existing YouTube recommendation algorithm to disrupt the misinformation network. Considering the viewing habits of patients and caregivers, the direct use of YouTube hospital channels is more effective than the indirect use of YouTube news media channels or government channels that report public announcements and statements. Reinforcing through multiple channels is the key.
Wearable Activity Tracker Use and Physical Activity Among Informal Caregivers in the United States: Quantitative Study
Authors: Mahmood Asos , Kim Hyunmin , Kedia Satish , Dillon Patrick 
Published: October 2022

Background
With an increase in aging population and chronic medical conditions in the United States, the role of informal caregivers has become paramount as they engage in the care of their loved ones. Mounting evidence suggests that such responsibilities place substantial burden on informal caregivers and can negatively impact their health. New wearable health and activity trackers (wearables) are increasingly being used to facilitate and monitor healthy behaviors and to improve health outcomes. Although prior studies have examined the efficacy of wearables in improving health and well-being in the general population, little is known about their benefits among informal caregivers.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the association between use of wearables and levels of physical activity (PA) among informal caregivers in the United States.

Methods
We used data from the National Cancer Institute’s Health Information National Trends Survey 5 (cycle 3, 2019 and cycle 4, 2020) for a nationally representative sample of 1273 community-dwelling informal caregivers—aged ≥18 years, 60% (757/1273) female, 75.7% (990/1273) had some college or more in education, and 67.3% (885/1273) had ≥1 chronic medical condition—in the United States. Using jackknife replicate weights, a multivariable logistic regression was fit to assess an independent association between the use of wearables and a binary outcome: meeting or not meeting the current World Health Organization’s recommendation of PA for adults (≥150 minutes of at least moderate-intensity PA per week).

Results
More than one-third (466/1273, 37.8%) of the informal caregivers met the recommendations for adult PA. However, those who reported using wearables (390/1273, 31.7%) had slightly higher odds of meeting PA recommendations (adjusted odds ratios 1.1, 95% CI 1.04-1.77; P=.04) compared with those who did not use wearables.

Conclusions
The results demonstrated a positive association between the use of wearables and levels of PA among informal caregivers in the United States. Therefore, efforts to incorporate wearable technology into the development of health-promoting programs or interventions for informal caregivers could potentially improve their health and well-being. However, any such effort should address the disparities in access to innovative digital technologies, including wearables, to promote health equity. Future longitudinal studies are required to further support the current findings of this study.
Difficulties in diagnosing involvement of the lungs and other internal organs using CT in a patient with Kaposi’s sarcoma and generalized tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case report
Authors: Maltseva M. A. , Belikova M. Ya. , Trofimova T. N. 
Published: October 2022

Kaposi’s sarcoma in association with generalized tuberculosis is a rare combination of two opportunistic HIV-associated diseases, and the difficulties of their detection are especially relevant in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. To demonstrate a clinical case of multisystem involvement by Kaposi’s sarcoma and pulmonary tuberculosis in a patient admitted to an infectious diseases hospital with suspected viral pneumonia caused by a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. The patient complained of general weakness, shortness of breath with minimal physical exertion, heavy sweating, cough with yellow-green sputum, fever up to 37–39°С, lack of appetite and weight loss of 13 kg over the past six months. The analysis of clinical data, laboratory, instrumental and pathoanatomical studies performed in a St. Petersburg’s infectious diseases hospitals was carried out. CT findings of generalized lymphadenopathy combined with lung infiltrates in a patient with a positive PCR test for a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) led to the overdiagnosis of a lymphoproliferative disease and did not allow for Kaposi’s sarcoma to be detected in vivo due to the absence of typical CT findings of disseminated tuberculosis in the presence of bilateral pneumonia. Radiologists should be aware of the clinical picture and signs of Kaposi’s sarcoma, it must be included in the differential diagnosis if a patient has an atypical clinical presentation and course of the disease, in the presence of skin rashes, even with a positive PCR for COVID-19.
Invasive mucormycosis of nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, bones of the skull in post COVID-19 patients: prospective study
Authors: Malyarevskaya M. V. , Lukina O. V. , Zubareva A. A. , Bubnova E. V. , Baranova I. B. , Yaremenko А. I. , Popova M. O. 
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: Since 2020, the number of patients with complications after a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has increased, including mycoses. Mucormycosis ranks third in the frequency of detection among invasive mycoses in patients with reduced immunity. Acute and chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is the most severe and dangerous variant of the disease.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the features of the osteodestructive process of invasive mucormycosis, its relationship with blood supply, the dynamics of the process under the influence of treatment.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study evaluated changes in the bone structures of the skull, soft tissues of the facial region, brain, and thorax in a group of 10 patients (62.3±11.4 y.o.) examined in the clinic of maxillofacial surgery and the clinic otorhinolaryngology in the post- covid period. The results of cone-beam computed tomography (Sirona) of the maxillofacial region, Xray computed tomography Optima 540 CT (General Electric) of the maxillofacial region and thoracic cavity organs, magnetic resonance imaging (GE Signa HDxt) of the brain and maxillofacial region with intravenous administration of a paramagnetic contrast agent were analyzed.RESULTS: In all cases, osteolytic lesions as a classical manifestations of invasive mucormycosis, were revealed in: alveolar processes of the upper jaws and walls of the maxillary sinuses in 100% of cases; palatine processes — 90%; nasal septum, walls of the ethmoid sinuses and walls the orbits — 70%; walls of the sphenoid sinus — 50%; pterygoid processes and zygomatic bone — 40%; the body of the sphenoid bone, nasal bones, frontal bones — 30%; the alveolar part of the mandible and temporal bone — 10%. All patients underwent surgery with resection of the affected bones — 100%, while 7 out of 10 patients received antimycotic therapy. When assessing the revealed changes in dynamics in all patients in the long-term postoperative period, sclerosis of small foci of destruction, a decrease in the extent of bone defects, a decrease in the size of sequesters, hyperostosis of the walls of the paranasal sinuses, cells ethmoid sinuses of the after sequestrectomy were noted. There were no fatal cases among the 10 patients we observed at the time of publication.CONCLUSION: The combination of anatomical features and the state of blood supply contributes to the development of invasive mucormycosis of the bones of the facial skull and the RCT data help with determining treatment tactics, the volume of surgery, and assessing dynamics in the early and long-term postoperative period.