bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating traffic safety data with area deprivation index: A method to better understand the causes of pediatric pedestrian versus automobile collisions
Authors: de Cos Víctor , Rooney Alexandra S. , Sykes Alicia G. , Ghetti Claudio B. , Henry Owen S. , Krzyzaniak Andrea , Thangarajah Hari , Bickler Stephen W. , Bansal Vishal , Martin Matthew , Lazar David , Ignacio Romeo C. 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to identify clinical and traffic factors that influence pediatric pedestrian versus automobile collisions (P-ACs) with an emphasis on health care disparities.

METHODS
A retrospective review was performed of pediatric (18 years or younger) P-ACs treated at a Level I pediatric trauma center from 2008 to 2018. Demographic, clinical, and traffic scene data were analyzed. Area deprivation index (ADI) was used to measure neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage (NSD) based on home addresses. Traffic scene data from the California Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System were matched to clinical records. Traffic safety was assessed by the streetlight coverage, the proximity of the collision to home addresses, and sidewalk coverage. Descriptive statistics and univariate analysis for key variables and outcomes were calculated using Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon, χ2, or Fisher's exact tests. Statistical significance was attributed to p values of <0.05.

RESULTS
Among 770 patients, the majority were male (65%) and Hispanic (54%), with a median age of 8 years (interquartile range, 4–12 years). Hispanic patients were more likely to live in more disadvantaged neighborhoods than non-Hispanic patients (67% vs. 45%, p < 0.01). There were no differences in clinical characteristics or outcomes across ADI quintiles. Using the Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System (n = 272), patients with more NSD were more likely injured during dark streetlight conditions (15% vs. 4% least disadvantaged; p = 0.04) and within 0.5 miles from home (p < 0.01). Pedestrian violations were common (65%). During after-school hours, 25% were pedestrian violations, compared with 12% driver violations (p = 0.02).

CONCLUSION
A larger proportion of Hispanic children injured in P-ACs lived in neighborhoods with more socioeconomic disadvantage. Hispanic ethnicity and NSD are each independently associated with P-ACs. Poor streetlight conditions and close proximity to home were associated with the most socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods. This research may support targeted prevention programs to improve pedestrian safety in children.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic/Epidemiological; Level IV.
Relationships Between Socioeconomic Deprivation and Pediatric Firearm-Related Injury at the Neighborhood Level
Authors: Trinidad Stephen , Vancil Andrew , Brokamp Cole , Moody Suzanne , Gardner Dawne , Parsons Allison A. , Riley Carley , Sahay Rashmi , Sofer Nicole , Beck Andrew F. , Falcone Richard A. , Kotagal Meera 
Published: May 2022

Background
Disparities in pediatric injury are widely documented and partly driven by differential exposures to social determinants of health (SDH). Here, we examine associations between neighborhood-level SDH and pediatric firearm-related injury admissions as a step to defining specific targets for interventions to prevent injury.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of patients ≤16 years old admitted to our level 1 pediatric trauma center (2010-2019) after a firearm-related injury. We extracted patients’ demographic characteristics and intent of injury. We geocoded home addresses to enable quantification of injury-related admissions at the neighborhood (census tract) level. Our population-level exposure variable was a socioeconomic deprivation index for each census tract.

Results
Out of 15,686 injury-related admissions, 140 were for firearm-related injuries (median age 14 years [IQR 11,15]). Patients with firearm-related injuries were 75% male and 64% Black; 66% had public insurance. Nearly half (47%) of firearm-related injuries were a result of assault, 32% were unintentional, and 6% were self-inflicted; 9% died. At the neighborhood level, the distribution of firearm-related injuries significantly differed by deprivation quintile (p < .05). Children from the highest deprivation quintile experienced 25% of injuries of all types, 57% of firearm-related injuries, and 70% of all firearm-related injuries from assault. They had an overall risk of firearm-related injury 30-times that of children from the lowest deprivation quintile.

Conclusions
Increased neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation is associated with more firearm-related injuries requiring hospitalization, at rates far higher than injury-related admissions overall. Addressing neighborhood-level social determinants of health may help prevent pediatric firearm-related injury.

Level of Evidence
Prognostic and Epidemiological – Level III
International expansion or stagnation: market development for mature products
Authors: Rundh Bo 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore international market development for mature products and practices used in a novel business context.Design/methodology/approachTaking a qualitative approach, the case study method was chosen to investigate how firms develop markets in relation to a new international business context. Critical international decisions are analysed using a managerial perspective.FindingsThe success of international ventures depends on managerial learning and effectiveness. In this paper, the authors argue that decisions about international market development can add significantly to the understanding of how business firms enter and develop markets in novel business contexts. Two case studies show different approaches for meeting challenges in distant markets. Four propositions are developed.Originality/valueA theoretical contribution of this study is the importance of factors that explain international market development decisions in novel business contexts. The balance between incomplete knowledge and making resource commitments is of central concern to international managers. Some of this is tacit knowledge that a firm achieves and learns during the process of market development and other knowledge can only become available after an actual market entry. A second theoretical contribution of this study is the significance of contextual market knowledge in a novel business context.
Encouraging product reuse and upcycling via creativity priming, imagination and inspiration
Authors: Tarabashkina Liudmila , Devine Alua , Quester Pascale G. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Consumers seldom consider end-use consumption (reuse or upcycling) when products reach the end of their lifecycle. This study shows that end-use consumption can be encouraged if individuals are primed to think creatively, engage in end-use ideation (imagine end-use) and become inspired by more original ideas.

Design/methodology/approach
Three studies were carried out. Study 1 tested if creativity priming resulted in more effective end-use ideation (greater number of ideas and more original ideas) compared to environmental appeals and no intervention. Study 2 tested the effectiveness of creativity priming in a longitudinal setting. Study 3 demonstrated how creativity priming and end-use ideation could be practically executed using product packaging.

Findings
Creativity priming represents an effective intervention to stimulate end-use consumption with particularly positive results amongst less creative consumers. However, it was not the number of generated ideas, but their originality during end-use ideation that triggered inspiration.

Research limitations/implications
This study demonstrates which interventions are more effective in changing consumer behaviour in favour of more sustainable practices.

Practical implications
Increasing environmental degradation requires consumers to change their behaviour by re-consuming products. This study shows that consumers can adopt end-use if they are primed to think creatively, imagine end-use consumption and generate more original ideas.

Originality/value
Creative thinking has been leveraged at product development stages, but not at the end of products’ lifecycle. This study integrated creativity priming, consumer imagination and inspiration theories to explain the underlying mechanism behind end-use consumption to scale up its adoption by consumers.
The effect of corruption on the level of real and accrual earnings management in cases of target firms
Authors: Christopoulos Apostolos , Dokas Ioannis , Leontidis Christos , Spyromitros Eleftherios 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis paper attempts to investigate the effect of corruption on the real and accrual earnings management of target firms in the process of mergers and acquisitions.Design/methodology/approachThe sample includes target firms from the European area that participate in mergers or acquisitions announced during 2010–2020. The preliminary empirical part estimates the level of earnings management during the period two years before the deal's announcement to identify whether the sample follows the manipulation behavior that the literature suggests for target firms. The primary empirical analysis focuses on the impact of corruption on real and accrual-based earnings management proxies, employing regression models and two alternative proxies for corruption. The existing literature points out that the combination of low levels of corruption and an integrated legal system reduces earnings manipulation.FindingsThe findings provide strong evidence for systematic downwards accounting manipulation practices, whereas the findings for real earnings management are not significant. The findings of the main empirical part show that corruption is positively associated with accrual-based manipulation and negatively related to real earnings management. In essence, in economies with a high level of transparency, managers adopt the manipulation of operating activities as a less detectable practice of earnings management instead of engaging in accounting procedures.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature highlighting the diversification of these firms' manipulation strategies according to the national level's corruption status.
Preferences and insights of learning process in pandemic era: a case study of South Africa
Authors: Joaquim Isaque Manteiga , Morolong Mamoqenelo Priscilla , Tundumula Elzira Tiago , Cheng Wen 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe Covid-19 pandemic closed most educational institutions covering all world and academic calendars are threatened. In this situation keeping academic activities live, most institutions adopted learning via online platforms. However, the question about online learning effectiveness especially in developing countries like South Africa is still not clearly or evidently recognized, as in developing countries due to technical constraints of availability of bandwidth and device suitability is a serious challenge. The authors focus is to obtain the perception and insights of business and commerce students towards online learning education in order to improve an effective online learning environment.Design/methodology/approachThe research study is based on an online survey of 415 students. The research study also explored a mixed-method and numerous explanatory attributes which helped the authors to discuss the results.FindingsResults find out that 73 percent of students were ready to manage online learning and the majority of them prefer curriculum learning through smartphones during this pandemic. Some of the students have an attractive opinion due to the convenience and flexibility of online learning while some students in rural areas face many challenges in online learning due to the connectivity of broadband.Research limitations/implicationsResearch has been uniquely limited to students of tertiary level and vocational training in the field of commerce across some educational institutions from South Africa. Some students were not cooperative in providing answers on time as per the questionnaire.Practical implicationsThe insights of this research study will be very helpful in curriculum designing for the next academic session.Social implicationsIts findings will help to improve the online learning method so that it can be socially inclusive to all the students no matter their condition on data bundle accessibility background and location.Originality/valueOne of the few case studies done during this pandemic era and its findings will help understand how students perceive online learning in order to improve the learning environment.
Dividend policy, its asymmetric behavior and stock liquidity
Authors: Ali Taher Fatima N. , Al-Shboul Mohammad 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis paper examines the impact of dividend policy on stock market liquidity, and whether the dividend payouts has an asymmetric effect on stock liquidity.Design/methodology/approachA multivariate panel-data regression analysis is conducted for a sample of the largest 411 nonfinancial US firms. Three main hypothesis are tested: (1) whether dividend payouts impact affect stock liquidity, (2) whether low and high dividend payments can asymmetrically effect on stock liquidity and (3) whether the presence of the GFC has an impact the relationship between dividend payments and stock liquidity.FindingsThe study finds that dividend policy is adversely associated with stock liquidity. This supports the prediction of the liquidity-dividend hypothesis. The authors also report that stock liquidity asymmetrically responds to changes in dividend payouts, confirming the prediction of the dividend-signaling approach. More specifically, higher dividend payments decrease stock liquidity by a lower magnitude than the increase in stock liquidity resulting from lower dividend payments. Finally, the presence of the GFC weakened the relationship between dividend payments and stock liquidity.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper can help in performing future research by using different dataset covering the COVID-19 crisis.Practical implicationsThe paper allows market participants to better understand the impact of dividend policy and its asymmetric effects on stock liquidity. The authors’ analyses can direct investors and regulators to adopt new supervisory devices to create an appropriate level of dividend payouts that helps to effectively support the level of stock liquidity.Social implicationsThe paper intends to support the business community and to make strong contributions to the economic development and the welfare of the community.Originality/valueThe originality comes from its new evidence as it can help in assessing the importance of dividend policy and its asymmetric impact on stock liquidity in the full sample and during the GFC. The paper is helpful in performing future analyses using a new sample period for another set of data as well as accounting for COVID-19 pandemic crisis.
Does being culturally intelligent make you a transformational and adaptable leader?
Authors: Al Dhaheri Ali 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between cultural intelligence (CQ) and both leadership style (MLQ) and leadership adaptability (LA), seeking to understand whether leaders with higher CQ will more frequently practise an adaptive and transformational leadership.Design/methodology/approachRespondents are 167 leaders of public and private schools in the UAE; they completed a questionnaire that incorporated the 20-item version of the CQ scale, the 36-item MLQ5x scale and the 13-item LA scale. Correlation and regression analyses assess the relationships between the concepts.FindingsCQ has a significant relationship with the transformational component of MLQ; the strategy, motivation and behaviour components of CQ are significantly related to transformational leadership. CQ is not related to transactional or laissez-faire leadership style. CQ has a significant relationship with LA; the strategy, motivation and behaviour components of CQ are significant predictors of LA.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to bring together these three concepts, and to understand the relationships between them.
The future of apitourism in Iran based on critical uncertainty approach and DEMATEL/COPRAS techniques
Authors: Fathi Mohammad Reza , Torabi Mohsen , Razi Moheb Saraj Somayeh 
Published: May 2022

PurposeApitourism is a form of tourism that deals with the culture and traditions of rural communities and can be considered one of the most sustainable methods of development and tourism. Accordingly, this study aims to identify the key factors and plausible scenarios of Iranian apitourism in the future.Design/methodology/approachThis study is applied research. For this purpose, first, by examining the theoretical foundations and interviewing experts, the key factors affecting the future of Iranian apitourism were identified. Then, using a binomial test, these factors were screened. Both critical uncertainty and DEMATEL techniques were used to select the final drivers.FindingsTwo drivers of “apitourism information system and promotional activities” and “organizing ecological infrastructure” were selected for scenario planning using critical uncertainty and DEMATEL techniques. According to these two drivers, four golden beehive, expectancy, anonymous bee and black beehive scenarios were developed. Each scenario represents a situation for apitourism in the future. According to the criteria of trend compliance, fact-based plausibility and compliance with current data, the “Black Beehive” scenario was selected as the most likely scenario. The “Golden Beehive” scenario shows the best case in terms of apitourism information system and implementation of promotional activities and organizing and providing ecological infrastructure. The “Black Beehive” scenario, on the other hand, describes an isolated and vulnerable system.Originality/valueDeveloping plausible Iranian apitourism scenarios helps key stakeholders and actors develop flexible plans for various situations.
A new and direct approach toward modeling gradual strength degradation of metal beams under cyclic bending up to fatigue failure
Authors: Xiao Heng , Li Zi-Tao , Zhan Lin , Wang Si-Yu 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to show how gradual strength degradation of metal beams under cyclic bending up to fatigue failure is simulated based on a new elastoplasticity model free of any yield criterion.Design/methodology/approachA new approach is proposed toward accurately and explicitly prescribing evolution of non-uniform stress distribution on beam cross-section under cyclic bending and, as such, gradual degradation of the bending strength can be directly determined.FindingsExplicit results for the bending response in a whole cyclic process up to fatigue failure are obtained and the fatigue characteristic curve is for the first time simulated directly between the curvature amplitude and the cycle number to failure.Originality/valueFirst, explicit and accurate determination of the non-uniform stress distribution on beam cross-section is achieved with asymptotic softening effects. Second, degradation of the bending strength can be directly deduced cycle by cycle. Finally, the relationship between the bending moment and the curvature is calculated using new and efficient numerical algorithms, thus bypassing usual time-consuming calculations with finite element procedures. Numerical results are presented and in good agreement with experimental data.
Higher education and the principles of access, quality and accountability: Brazil × Canada panorama
Authors: Costa Danilo de Melo 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Canada is a country that has a democratized higher education system, based on solid principles of access, quality and accountability. Brazil, on the other hand, is a country that seeks to advance its higher education system. For this reason, this paper aims to understand with the main stakeholders of the systems, the perceptions in relation to higher education in terms of access, quality and accountability, confronting two educational systems, the Brazilian and the Canadian.

Design/methodology/approach
The author applied an exploratory and qualitative method through categorical content analysis in a multicase study. Data were collected through 10 interviews with government managers, 18 unstructured (open) questionnaires, where 13 were applied to professors and experts in higher education and four to student leaders.

Findings
The results demonstrate that, for Canadian participants, these principles should guide any nation, as it is something demanded by society itself: democratic access to the system, that the available system has quality and that the resources allocated to the system are being well applied. In addition, Brazilian participants understand that it is necessary to deepen this debate, including a new principle: permanence, as it is a country of traditional social inequality.

Originality/value
This study presented the perceptions of an educational system based on the principles of access, quality and accountability, the Canadian system and the perspectives for a system that intends to develop in this context in Brazil.
Addressing in/equalities: a re-imagined curriculum for low-attaining youth
Authors: Atkins Liz 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to report on a project re-imagining of a Level 1 English-model broad vocational curriculum for low-attaining youth. The project, funded by Rothschild, has sought to develop a knowledge rich and engaging curriculum, which is more consistent with notions of social justice than contemporary low-level vocational curricula.Design/methodology/approachThe project utilised a participatory, action-research model of curriculum development informed by a theoretical framework drawing on concepts of social justice.FindingsThe findings suggest that a broad, project-based curriculum, supported with a wide range of extra-curricular activities (enrichment) is effective in supporting secure and sustainable transitions into further education and/or meaningful employment for low attaining young people.Originality/valueThis paper extends understandings about curricula approaches in low-level vocational education. There is a paucity of research into the curriculum at the lowest mainstream levels. Students engaging with education at that level are similarly under-researched. This paper seeks to fill that gap.