bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JC2-1 Joint cruise part 1 2021
Authors: Jones Elisabeth , Reigstad Marit , Espinel Velasco Nadjejda , Gjerland Audun , Goraguer Lucie , Hodal Lødemel Helene , Kline Simon , Lind Sigrid , Marsden Luke , Maurstad Marius , Müller Oliver , Nordstrand Jan Vidar , Pitusi Vanessa , Stabell Hilde , Strombom Evelyn 
Published: October 2022

The Nansen Legacy Joint Cruise 2, part 1 (JC2-1) 12-29 July 2021, continued the investigation of the interannual variability during the late summer season. At the same time will the cruise provide a late summer reference for the seasonal investigation that was separated to late summer and polar night 2019, and winter and spring 2021. The transect represents an environmental gradient going through the northern Barents Sea, and included 7 process stations (P1-P7) lasting 10-39 hrs. Additional CTD stations (NLEG) were taken between the process stations to increase the hydrographic resolution on the transect. The work started at 76°N at the open Atlantic Water dominated station P1, was sea ice covered from station P4 at 79 45.00 °N and included deep water stations at the P7 station at 82°N in the Nansen Basin.

The program included measurements and sampling from the atmosphere, sea ice, ocean and sea floor. Data collected includes several disciplines to map the physical environment, the chemical characterization and biological communities. Key parameters from the Nansen Legacy joint cruises were selected and included in this reduced sampling program, compared to the other joint cruises. An important aim was to characterize the northern Barents Sea to map the interannual variability, but also to see how the proceeding winter and spring conditions has impacted the environment and conditions this year. A third task is to carry out a shelf investigation that can complement the investigations in the deep Arctic Basin starting in late August. Tests and improvements of a modified pelagic trawl (Harstad) were carried out as preparations for the Arctic Basin cruise in late August 2021.
Luminescent characteristics and mitochondrial COI barcodes of nine cohabitated Taiwanese fireflies
Authors: Goh King-Siang , Wang Liang-Jong , Ni Jing-Han , Wang Tzi-Yuan 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundOver 50 Taiwanese firefly species have been discovered, but scientists lack information regarding most of their genetics, bioluminescent features, and cohabitating phenomena. In this study, we focus on morphological species identification and phylogeny reconstructed byCOIbarcoding, as well as luminescent characteristics of cohabited Taiwanese firefly species to determine the key factors that influenced how distinct bioluminescent species evolved to coexist and proliferate within the same habitat.MethodsIn this study, 366 specimens from nine species were collected in northern Taiwan from April to August, 2016–2019. First, the species and sex of the specimens were morphologically and genetically identified. Then, their luminescent spectra and intensities were recorded using a spectrometer and a power meter, respectively. The habitat temperature, relative humidity, and environmental light intensity were also measured. The cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequence was used as a DNA barcode to reveal the phylogenetic relationships of cohabitated species.ResultsNine species—eight adult species (Abscondita chinensis, Abscondita cerata, Aquatica ficta, Luciola curtithorax,Luciola kagiana,Luciola filiformis,Curtos sauteri, andCurtos costipennis) and one larvalPyrocoelia praetexta—were morphologically identified. The nine species could be found in April–August. Six of the eight adult species shared an overlap occurrence period in May. Luminescent spectra analysis revealed that theλmaxof studied species ranged from 552–572 nm (yellow–green to orange–yellow). The average luminescent intensity range of these species was about 1.2–14 lux (182.1–2,048 nW/cm2) for males and 0.8–5.8 lux (122.8–850 nW/cm2) for females, and the maximum luminescent intensity of males was 1.01–7.26-fold higher than that of females. Compared with previous studies, this study demonstrates that differentλmax, species-specific flash patterns, microhabitat choices, nocturnal activity time, and/or an isolated mating season are key factors that may lead to the species-specific courtship of cohabitated fireflies. Moreover, we estimated that the fireflies start flashing or flying when the environmental light intensity decreased to 6.49–28.1 lux. Thus, based on a rough theoretical calculation, the sensing distance between male and female fireflies might be 1.8–2.7 m apart in the dark. In addition, the mitochondrial COI barcode identified species with high resolution and suggested that most of the studied species have been placed correctly with congeners in previous phylogenies. Several cryptic species were revealed by the COI barcode with 3.27%–12.3% variation. This study renews the idea that fireflies’ luminescence color originated from the green color of a Lampyridae ancestor, then red-shifted to yellow-green in Luciolinae, and further changed to orange–yellow color in some derived species.
A standardised low-cost membrane blood-feeder for Aedes aegypti made using common laboratory materials
Authors: Faber Peter A. , Dorai Ashritha J.A.P.S. , Chown Steven L. 
Published: October 2022

Blood feeding is a necessary part of laboratory studies involving mosquitoes and other hematophagous arthropods of interest in medical and ecological research. However, methods involving hosts may present serious risks, require ethics approvals and can be expensive. Here we describe an insect blood feeder made using common laboratory materials, which is low cost (<US$100) and can be constructed and operated with little technical expertise. We compared the blood feeder containing an artificial blood diet, Skitosnack, to direct human arm feeding for Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), in terms of engorgement rate, fecundity and hatch rate. No significant difference in fecundity between the two approaches was found, (mean ± SD); direct human arm: 56 ± 26 eggs/female, artificial method: 47 ± 25 eggs/female, P = 0.569. Engorgement rates (direct human arm: 97.8 ± 4%, artificial: 64.1 ± 23%, P < 0.05) and hatch rates (direct human arm: 75 ± 12%, artificial: 59 ± 14%, P < 0.05) were lower in the artificially fed mosquitoes. Despite these differences, we maintained a healthy mosquito colony for 10 generations using the artificial feeding approach. Results from this comparison are within the range of other studies which compared direct host feeding with an artificial feeding method. We anticipate that the blood feeder presented here could substantially reduce costs usually required to establish a standardised and effective blood feeding method for maintaining mosquito colonies or conducting experiments, extending the capability of laboratories especially where research resources are limited, but vector-borne diseases common.
Myxomycetes associated with Australian vertebrate dung
Authors: Stephenson Steven L. , Elliott Todd F. , Elliott Kelsey , Vernes Karl 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Little is known about species of myxomycetes associated with vertebrate dung in Australia. In the present study, dung samples of 15 species of mammals (eight marsupials, three native rodents and four domestic or feral eutherians) and a large flightless bird (the southern cassowary, Casuarius casuarius) were collected and processed in 84 moist chamber cultures. Fifty-two percent of these cultures yielded evidence (fruiting bodies and/or plasmodia) of myxomycetes. Eleven species belonging to seven genera were recorded. Licea tenera was the most common species in the study (recorded from 12 moist chamber cultures) and is also a new record for the continent. Perichaena depressa, Didymium difforme and Cribraria violacea were the only other species appearing in at least three cultures. Samples of dung collected from small mammals did not yield any myxomycetes.
Exploring 1st- and 2nd-year chiropractic students' willingness and attitudes toward peer physical examination
Authors: Ardakani Emad M. , Theroux Jean , Beynon Amber M. , Losco Barrett 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to explore chiropractic students' perceptions and attitudes about the appropriateness of peer physical examination as a teaching tool and their willingness and comfort with it.MethodsA modified version of a validated questionnaire was used. First- and 2nd-year chiropractic students at Murdoch University were approached during their practical sessions. The responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics reporting frequencies and percentages. Comparison between classes, age, and sex was evaluated by cross-tabulation.ResultsA total of 184 questionnaires were completed with a response rate of 76.6%. Our results demonstrated that most students were comfortable with and willing to participate in peer physical examination as well as trusted it as an appropriate part of their training and a valuable learning experience. Nevertheless, a small percentage were uncomfortable with peer physical examination and regarded it as an unprofessional activity. In addition, it was revealed that younger females (≤20 years) reported feeling unnecessarily exposed and therefore significantly less comfortable with peer physical examination. They were also less comfortable when examined in the inguinal area by a student of the opposite sex.ConclusionAlthough peer physical examination appears to be a very popular training tool, it still has a few areas of concern that need to be investigated and addressed to improve students' attitude, perception, and comfort with this teaching technique. Further studies could investigate how other factors such as religious beliefs contribute toward students' perception and attitudes regarding peer physical examination.
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome in a Nigerian Man with Decompensated Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Onyia Chinwe Philomena , Obienu Olive , Asogwa Promise , Adiri Winifred , Nwoko Ugochukwu , Ijoma Uchenna Nkemdilim , Nwokediuko Sylvester Chuks 
Published: October 2022

Hepatopulmonary syndrome is a rare complication of liver disease and portal hypertension. It has not been previously described in medical literature in Nigeria. We report this case of a 64-year-old man who presented with a 3 months’ history of recurrent breathlessness, platypnoea and leg swelling. He had been diagnosed with liver cirrhosis and had variceal band ligation in 2018, and had been managed for 2 episodes of hepatic encephalopathy prior to referral. Physical examination showed he was in respiratory distress, centrally cyanosed, had grade 4 digital clubbing, tachypnoea, platypnoea, orthodeoxia and bibasal coarse crepitations He also had a non-tender hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and ascites with no leg edema. Investigations showed negative screening for hepatitis B and C, elevated AST and GGT, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, hypoalbuminemia, negative COVID-19 test, polycythemia, thrombocytopenia, prolonged INR and coarse enlarged liver with irregular margins on ultrasound. Gastroscopy revealed Grade 3 oesophageal varices, Forrest 3 pre-pyloric ulcer and portal hypertensive gastropathy. Spirometry demonstrated a restrictive pattern of airflow limitation. Contrast echocardiography demonstrated intrapulmonary shunt. Alpha-1- anti-trypsin was not deficient. The peripheral cyanosis resolved with oxygen therapy. He was initially commenced on pentoxyfylline but terminated therapy due to side effects.
The relevant literature was reviewed. Liver transplantation is the only effective therapy for HPS and prompt recognition and referral for transplant is key.
We therefore present the first documented and published case of hepatopulmonary syndrome in Nigeria and the West African sub-region.
Translation Strategies Used in BCA’s Company Profile
Authors: Djobul Jenifer , Rini Julia Eka 
Published: October 2022

This study is done to analyze the translation strategies used in order to translate BCA company profile from Indonesian to English. In doing the study, the writer uses Baker’s (2018) eight translation strategies as the main theory. The methodology of this study is using the descriptive qualitative approach. The result of the study shows that the translator of BCA company profile is using six out of eight Baker’s (2018) translation strategies (translation by a more general word, translation by a more neutral/less expressive word, translation by a cultural substitution, translation by paraphrase using related word, translation by paraphrase using unrelated word, and translation by omission) in order to translate BCA company profile. The loan word and illustration strategies are both not used in the company profile translation. There is also a part which is non-translation.
Increasing Maru Design’s Brand Awareness by Making a Promotional Video
Authors: Tabita Amerine 
Published: October 2022

Maru Design's main target market is start-up businesses and small to medium business owners, ranging between 20 to 30 years old. Due to COVID-19, Maru Design had a problem managing and dividing the team because the company lacked workforce. Consequently, Maru Design’s Instagram and YouTube page tended to be inactive. As a result, Maru Design was experiencing low brand awareness problem. I conducted an online questionnaire to 102 people who were representatives of Maru Design’s target market, which was Surabaya citizens between the ages of 20 and 40. The solution was creating a promotional video in partnership with Maru Design. This promotional video can be used to increase the brand awareness of Maru Design by showing the unique selling point (USP) of the company. The promotional video was made by applying theories in the steps of making a promotional video (Maguire, 2016) and language used (Samantha, 2014). This video is aimed at improving the company’s brand awareness for future clients. Keywords: Brand Awareness, Promotional Video, Branding
Assessment of Spending for Patients Initiating Dialysis Care
Authors: League Riley J. , Eliason Paul , McDevitt Ryan C. , Roberts James W. , Wong Heather 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceDespite a widespread belief that private insurers spend large amounts on health care for enrollees receiving dialysis, data limitations over the past decade have precluded a comprehensive analysis of the topic.ObjectiveTo examine the amount and types of increases in health care spending for privately insured patients associated with initiating dialysis care.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA cohort study covering calendar years 2012 to 2019 included patients with kidney failure who had employer-sponsored insurance for 12 months following dialysis initiation. Data analysis was performed from August 27, 2021, to August 18, 2022. The data cover the entirety of the US and were obtained from the Health Care Cost Institute. The data include all medical claims for enrollees in employer-sponsored health insurance plans offered by multiple major health care insurers within the US. Participants included patients younger than 65 years who were continuously enrolled in these plans in the 12 months before and after their first claim for dialysis care. Patients also had to have nonmissing documented key characteristics, such as sex, race and ethnicity, and health characteristics.ExposuresA claim for dialysis care.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOut-of-pocket, inpatient, outpatient, physician services, prescription medication, and total health care spending. The hypothesis tested was formulated before data collection.ResultsThe sample included 309 800 enrollee-months, which was a balanced panel of 25 months for 12 392 enrollees. At baseline, 7534 patients (61%) were male, 5415 (44%) were aged 55 to 64 years, and patients had been enrolled with their insurer for a mean of 30 months (95% CI, 29.9-30.1 months). In the 12 months before initiating dialysis care, total monthly health care spending was $5025 per patient per month (95% CI, $4945-$5106). Dialysis care initiation was associated with an increase in total monthly spending of $14 685 (95% CI, $14 413-$14 957). This increase occurred across all spending categories (dialysis, nondialysis outpatient, inpatient, physician services, and prescription drugs). Monthly patient out-of-pocket spending increased by $170 (95% CI, $162-$178). These spending increases occurred abruptly, beginning about 2 months before dialysis initiation, and remained increased for the subsequent 12 months.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, evidence that private insurers experience significant, sustained increases in spending when patients initiated dialysis was noted. The findings suggest that proposed policies aimed at limiting the amount dialysis facilities charge private insurers and the enrollees has the potential to reduce health care spending in this high-cost population.
Effects of a Narrative-Based Psychoeducational Intervention to Prepare Patients for Responding to Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Li Polly W. C. , Yu Doris S. F. , Yan Bryan P. , Wong C. W. , Yue Sunny C. S. , Chan Cecilia M. C. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceDespite decades of educational efforts, patients’ prolonged delays in seeking care for symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remain the greatest obstacle to successful management of the condition.ObjectiveTo compare the effects of a narrative-based psychoeducational intervention with a didactic educative approach on AMI survivors’ intention to seek care for AMI symptoms and on AMI knowledge.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA multisite randomized clinical trial recruited community-dwelling patients aged 18 years or older with a history of AMI from 4 hospitals in Hong Kong from January 1, 2018, to January 22, 2021, and followed up participants for 1 year.InterventionsAn 8-week narrative-based psychoeducational intervention aimed to create a vivid cognitive experience of complex decision-making and modeled desirable behavioral changes through nurse-led, interactive video sessions using model patients. The control group received 4 nurse-led sessions comprising education about AMI and care seeking delivered using a didactic approach.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the behavioral intention between the 2 groups, reflected by participants’ attitudes and beliefs about care seeking for AMI measured using the Acute Coronary Syndrome Response Index—Chinese version. The secondary outcome was AMI knowledge.ResultsSix hundred and eight participants (mean [SD] age, 67.2 [8.3] years; 469 [77.1%] male) were randomized to either the narrative-based psychoeducation group (n = 304) or the didactic education group (n = 304). The psychoeducational intervention group reported greater positive changes than the control group in their attitudes (β = −1.053 [95% CI, −1.714 to −0.391]; P &amp;lt; .001) and beliefs (β = −0.686 [95% CI, −1.354 to −0.180]; P = .04) toward care seeking at the 3-month follow-up, and the difference was sustained at 12 months for both attitudes (β = −0.797 [95% CI, −1.477 to −0.117]; P = .02) and beliefs (β = −0.692 [95% CI, −1.309 to −0.012]; P = .047). There were no significant differences in AMI knowledge between the 2 study groups at the 3-month and 12-month time points.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this randomized clinical trial found that a novel approach of narrative-based psychoeducation was effective in improving patients’ behavioral intention to seek care for AMI symptoms. Longer-term follow-up to evaluate actual care-seeking behavior and clinical outcomes in patients with AMI is warranted to determine the sustained effects of this intervention.Trial RegistrationChiCTR Identifier: ChiCTR-IIC-17010576
Relation of Temporal Asymmetry During Walking to Two‐Year Knee Pain Outcomes in Those With Mild‐to‐Moderate Unilateral Knee Pain: An Exploratory Analysis From the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study
Authors: Corrigan Patrick , Felson David T. , Lewis Cara L. , Neogi Tuhina , LaValley Michael P. , Gross K. Doug , Nevitt Michael C. , Lewis Cora E. , Torner James C. , Stefanik Joshua J. 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveWe aimed to explore the cross‐sectional relation of unilateral knee pain severity and temporal asymmetry during walking and to determine relations of temporal asymmetry during walking to 2‐year changes in ipsilateral and contralateral knee pain in those with mild‐to‐moderate unilateral knee pain.MethodsThe Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study is a prospective cohort study of adults with or at risk for knee osteoarthritis. The current study included participants with unilateral knee pain. Gait was assessed during self‐selected and fast walking at baseline. Knee pain was assessed at baseline and 2 years. We calculated limb symmetry indices (LSIs; nonpainful limb/painful limb × 100) for stance, single‐limb support time, and double‐limb support time, then examined their relations to unilateral knee pain severity, incident contralateral knee pain, and persistent ipsilateral knee pain.ResultsUnilateral knee pain severity was not associated with temporal asymmetry during self‐selected or fast walking. At 2 years, 17.1% of participants had incident contralateral knee pain and 51.4% had persistent ipsilateral knee pain. For self‐selected walking, greater LSIs (i.e., longer time on the nonpainful limb) for stance and single‐limb support time were associated with decreased odds of incident contralateral knee pain. Measures of temporal asymmetry were not associated with persistent ipsilateral knee pain, except for single‐limb support time during fast walking.ConclusionFor those with unilateral knee pain, temporal asymmetry during walking is not associated with pain severity. However, select measures of stance and single‐limb support time during self‐selected and fast walking relate to longitudinal knee pain outcomes.
3D‐Bioprinted Phantom with Human Skin Phototypes for Biomedical Optics
Authors: Yim Wonjun , Zhou Jiajing , Sasi Lekshmi , Zhao Jiayu , Yeung Justin , Cheng Yong , Jin Zhicheng , Johnson Wade , Xu Ming , Palma‐Chavez Jorge , Fu Lei , Qi Baiyan , Retout Maurice , Shah Nisarg J. , Bae Jinhye , Jokerst Jesse V. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract3D‐bioprinted skin‐mimicking phantoms with skin colors ranging across the Fitzpatrick scale are reported. These tools can help understand the impact of skin phototypes on biomedical optics. Synthetic melanin nanoparticles of different sizes (70–500 nm) and clusters are fabricated to mimic the optical behavior of melanosome. The absorption coefficient and reduced scattering coefficient of the phantoms are comparable to real human skin. Further the melanin content and distribution in the phantoms versus real human skins are validated via photoacoustic (PA) imaging. The PA signal of the phantom can be improved by: 1) increasing melanin size (3–450‐fold), 2) increasing clustering (2–10.5‐fold), and 3) increasing concentration (1.3–8‐fold). Then, multiple biomedical optics tools (e.g., PA, fluorescence imaging, and photothermal therapy) are used to understand the impact of skin tone on these modalities. These well‐defined 3D‐bioprinted phantoms may have value in translating biomedical optics and reducing racial bias.