bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison Of Intratracheal Administration Of Surfactant With Or Without Budesonide To Prevent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia – A Parallel Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Vemireddy Kiran , Panigrahy Nalinikanta , Jamalpuri Vijayanand , Venkatlakshmi Alla , Chirla Dinesh Kumar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose : Despite improvements in preterm neonatal care, the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has not decreased. Systemic glucocorticoids minimize BPD, but they may interfere with brain development. The impact of intratracheal budesonide along with surfactant on the incidence of BPD in extremely preterm infants is unknown. Methods: This two arm parallel pilot trial over a period of 18 months recruited extreme preterm (<28 weeks) and extreme low birth weight (ELBW) neonates who were diagnosed with severe RDS (respiratory distress syndrome). Neonates were randomly allocated to one of two groups (54 intervention and 55 control). Intratracheal surfactant and budesonide were administered to the intervention group, while surfactant alone was administered to the control group. Results: The study population had a mean gestational age of 26.1 ± 0.2 weeks and birth weight of 770.5 ± 31.5 grams. Death ( RR 0.65 [0.30-1.38]; p = 0.267) and combined BPD or death (RR 0.88 [0.73-1.06]; p = 0.211) exhibited a non-significant decreasing trend; however, a significant reduction in the combined outcome of severe BPD or death (RR 0.57(0.33-0.97);p=0.040) was observed in the intervention group. Conclusion: Intratracheal budesonide with surfactant administration is feasible . This may minimize severe BPD or death in extremely preterm infants with severe RDS without any harm.
Improving copper stress tolerance in Mentha suaveolens L. by foliar application of salicylic acid
Authors: ES-SBIHI Fatima , Zakaria HAZZOUMI , Khalid AMRANI JOUTEI 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Higher absorption and translocation of copper (Cu) in plant tissues can cause serious physiological and biochemical alterations. Salicylic acid (SA) is a signaling molecule responsible for inducing stress tolerance in plants. Therefore, SA spray could provide protection against several types of stress such as Cu toxicity. In this sense, a pot study was conducted to find out whether SA spraying (0.5 and 1 mM) could remedy the Cu (40 mM) toxicity in Mentha suaveolens plants Results: Cooper stress caused a strong accumulation of Cu in the roots with a translocation of this metal to the leaves. Excessive accumulation of this metal decreased Ca, K and p contents. Copper stress also increased H2O2 accumulation and lipid peroxidation. However, SA spraying on these stressed plants decreased Cu concentrations in various parts of the plant. This decrease in Cu contents is accompanied by an increase in K, P and Ca concentrations. SA exerted also a remedial effect on the essential oils performance mainly at 0.5 mM. The histological study of the leaves of the Mentha suaveolens showed the presence of peltate and capitate glands which differ in size, stem and head. Copper decreased glands density but SA spraying increased glands number. Cu caused a variation in essential oils composition. Conclusion: SA at 0.5 mM gives the best quality essential oils of all treatments. This concentration showed the greatest contents of the majority compounds (1,8-cineole, thujanone, camphor and Pulegone).
When Did the Chicken Cross the Road: Archaeological and molecular evidence for ancient chickens in Central Asia
Authors: Spengler Robert , Peters Carli , Richter Kristine , Mir-Makhamad Basira , Stark Sören , Fernandes Ricardo , Maksudov Farhad , Sirojidin Mirzaakhmedov , Husniddin Rahmonov , Wilkin Shevan , Schirmer Stefanie , Ashastina Kseniia , Begmatov Alisher , Frachetti Michael , Hermes Taylor , Kidd Fiona , Omelchenko Andrey , Huber Barbara , Boivin Nicole , Wang Shujing , Lurje Pavel , von Baeyer Madelynn , Martello Rita Dal 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The origins and dispersal of the chicken across the ancient world remains one of the most enigmatic questions regarding Eurasian domesticated animals1,2. The lack of agreement regarding the timing and center of origin is due, in large part, to issues with morphological identifications, a lack of direct dating, and poor preservation of thin bird bones. Historical sources attest to the prominence of chickens in southern Europe and southwest Asia by the last centuries BC3. Likewise, art historical depictions of chickens and anthropomorphic rooster-human chimeras are reoccurring motifs in Central Asian prehistoric and historic traditions4-6. However, when this ritually and economically significant bird spread along the trans-Eurasian exchange routes has remained a mystery. Here we show that chickens were widely raised by people at villages across southern Central Asia from the third century BC through medieval periods for their eggs and likely also meat. In this study, we present archaeological and molecular evidence for the cultivation of chickens for egg production from 12 different Central Asian archaeological sites spanning a millennium and a half. These eggshells were recovered in high abundance at all of these sites, suggesting that chickens were widely raised by people at villages across southern Central Asia from the third century BC through medieval periods and that they were an important part of the overall diet. Contrary to views that ancient peoples of Central Asia were primarily herding sheep, goat, and cattle, these data show that chicken was also important in the subsistence economy and that it was widely spread along the ancient Silk Road.
The transcriptomic data of about 5,000 breast tumors reveals novel biomarkers
Authors: Rahmati Yazdan , Davarinejad Omran , Mohammadi Payam , Shirmohamadi Maryam , Ghavi Davood , Golmohammadi Farzaneh , Foruzandeh Zahra , Alivand MohammadReza 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The high mortality rate in Breast Cancer (BC) is largely due to the difficulty of early detection and inadequate accuracy of the current diagnostic approaches. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs characterized by their short length of 22 nucleotides-length, which have been found with regulatory functions in gene expression and their dysregulation are associated with a wide variety of human diseases such as various types of cancer including BC. In this study, we investigated serum and tumor miRNA profiles from more than 1500 breast cancer miRNA expression profiles from GEO and also more than 2500 patients by TCGA database. After data analysis by some packages like Limma, MetaDE, and WGCNA, we selected 6 hub miRNAs. Then by collecting serum samples of 100 breast cancer patients, real-time PCR was performed and the diagnosis performance of hub miRNAs was evaluated by ROC curve. Due to more validation, Kaplan-Meier Plot of hub miRNAs evaluated by 1262 BC samples using METABRIC database. Therefore by considering internationally and locally data, we succeeded to identify the more prevalent and effective breast cancer biomarkers including Hsa-miR-151a-5p, Hsa-miR-34a-5p, Hsa-miR-1307-3p, Hsa-miR-450b-5p, Hsa-miR-501-3p, and Hsa-miR-532-5p.
The Role Of Apelin And Protamine Sulphate In Bile Duct Ligation Induced Liver Fibrosis In Rats
Authors: Moursi Suzan M. M. , Bahaie Eman El , Abdelhamid Amira M. , El-sayed Sherein F. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of protamine sulphate as an apelin receptor blocker on cholestatic liver fibrosis persuaded by common bile duct ligation (BDL) in experimental rats and examine some related mechanisms. Methods: Three groups of adult male Wistar rats were included: control (sham-operated), BDL and BDL+ protamine sulphate groups. All groups were examined after 4 weeks for serum apelin, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), hepatic interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, (GPx) malondialdehyde (MDA), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and hydroxyproline content and for extracted livers histopathological studies. Results: BDL significantly increased serum apelin, total bilirubin, AST, ALT, ALP, hepatic IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, TGF-β and hydroxyproline content, but it significantly reduced serum albumin level and hepatic GPx and SOD activities. Serum level of apelin significantly revealed positive correlations with TNF-α, MDA, TGF-β and hydroxyproline content. On the other hand, protamine sulphate significantly attenuated these changes, with no effect on either serum apelin or bilirubin levels, in treated group. It also improved the hepatic histopathological changes. Conclusion: Protamine sulphate, may be through its apelin receptor blockade, ameliorated cholestatic liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis induced by BDL.
Placental abruption: assessing trends in risk factors over time
Authors: schur Erga , BAUMFELD YAEL , ROTEM REUT , WEINTRAUB ADI Y. , PARIENTE GALI 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate changes in the independent contribution of different risk factors for placental abruption over time. Methods In this retrospective nested case control study, trends of change in ORs for known risk factors for placental abruption occurring in three consecutive eight-year intervals were compared. A univariate assessment of factors associated with placental abruption and two multivariable logistic regression models were constructed in order to identify independent risk factors for placental abruption. Trends of change in the incidence and specific contribution of various risk factors were compared along the study time period. Results During the study period 295,946 pregnancies met the inclusion criteria, of these, 2170 (0.73%) were complicated with placental abruption. Using logistic regression models, previous cesarean delivery, in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy, hypertensive disorders, polyhydramnios and inadequate prenatal care were recognized as independent risk factors for placental abruption. While the relative contribution of IVF pregnancy and polyhydramnios to the overall risk for abruption decreased over the course of the study, previous cesarean delivery became a stronger contributor for placental abruption. Conclusion In our study, a change over time in the specific contribution of different risk factors for placental abruption has been demonstrated.
Association Between Hemoglobin A1c and Cerebral Microbleeds in Community-based Stroke-free Individuals: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yu Miaoxin , Jia Yanan , Yang Dandan , Zhang Runhua , Jiang Yong , Zhang Guitao , Qiao Huiyu , Han Hualu , Shen Rui , Ning Zihan , Zhao Xihai , Liu Gaifen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The association between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between HbA1c and CMBs in community-based individuals without stroke or transient ischemic attack and whether it differs between individuals with and without diabetes mellitus.Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited individuals from a community in Beijing, China from January 2015 to September 2019. All individuals completed the questionnaires and underwent blood tests and brain magnetic resonance imaging. A susceptibility-weighted imaging sequence was used to detect CMBs, defined as small, round, and low-signal lesions with a diameter <10 mm. The association between HbA1c and CMBs was analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for demographics, medical history, and blood sample test results. Subgroup analyses stratified by history of diabetes mellitus were performed.Results: CMBs were detected in 119 (21.88%) individuals. HbA1c was independently associated with CMBs after adjustment (adjusted odds ratio [OR],1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–2.22). In 87 patients with diabetes mellitus, the multivariable logistic analysis showed that HbA1c was significantly associated with CMBs (adjusted OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.04–2.69), whereas in individuals without diabetes mellitus, no significant association was observed between HbA1c and CMBs (adjusted OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.50–2.30).Conclusions: HbA1c is associated with CMBs in participants without stroke or transient ischemic attack, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus. This finding suggests that the status of glycemic control warrants attention for the prevention of CMBs. It would be beneficial to manage HbA1c strictly to control the risk of CMBs, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Prodromal characteristics of Dementia with Lewy Bodies: baseline results of the Memento nationwide cohort
Authors: Blanc Frederic , Bouteloup Vincent , Paquet Claire , Chupin Marie , Pasquier Florence , Gabelle Audrey , Ceccaldi Mathieu , Sousa Paulo Loureiro , Krolak-Salmon Pierre , David Renaud , Fischer Clara , Dartigues Jean-François , Wallon David , Moreaud Olivier , Sauvée Mathilde , Belin Catherine , Harston Sandrine , Botzung Anne , Albasser Timothée , Demuynck Catherine , Namer Izzie , Habert Marie-Odile , Kremer Stéphane , Bousiges Olivier , Verny Marc , Muller Candice , Philippi Nathalie , Chene Geneviève , Cretin Benjamin , Mangin Jean-François , Dufouil Carole 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Isolated subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and mild neurocognitive impairment (MCI) are prodromal phase of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Memento is a nationwide study of patients with SCI and MCI with clinic, neuropsychology, biology and brain imaging data. We aimed to compare SCI and MCI patients with symptoms of prodromal DLB to others in this study at baseline. Methods: Participants of the French Memento cohort study recruited for either SCI or MCI. Among them, 892 were included in the Lewy sub-study, designed to search specifically for symptoms of DLB. Probable prodromal DLB group (pro-DLB) was done using a two-criteria cut-off score among the four core clinical features of DLB. This Pro-DLB group was compared to two other groups at baseline: one without any core symptoms (NS group), and the one with one core symptom (1S group). A comprehensive cognitive battery, questionnaires on behavior, neurovegetative and neurosensory symptoms, brain 3D volumetric MRI, CSF, FDG PET and amyloid PET were done.Results: The Pro-DLB group comprised 148 patients (16.6%). This group showed more multidomain (59.8%) MCI with slower processing speed and a higher proportion of patients with depression, anxiety, apathy, constipation, rhinorrhea, sicca syndrome, and photophobia. The Pro-DLB group had isolated lower P-Tau and on brain MRI widening of sulci including fronto-insular, occipital, and olfactory sulci (FDR corrected). Conclusions: Patients with symptoms of prodromal DLB are cognitively slower, with more behavioral disorders, autonomic symptoms, and photophobia. Biomarkers confirmed the non-Alzheimer profile. The occipital, fronto-insular, and olfactory bulb involvement on brain MRI was consistent with symptoms and known neuropathology. The next step will be to study the clinical, biological, and imaging evolution of these patients.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01926249 .
Exploring consumers’ perceptions of corporate social responsibility and negative responses to e-commerce service failures: A stress and coping perspective
Authors: Zeng Fan , Yu Wentao , Wu Yihan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The current study investigates whether consumers’ perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reduces their negative responses to e-commerce service failures through applying the transactional theory of stress and coping. The data are collected from 297 student consumers through a self-administered questionnaire. Results showed that consumers’ perceptions of CSR negatively influenced their attributions of responsibility for experiencing e-commerce service failures. The attributions of responsibility negatively influenced the feelings of guilt but positively influenced the feelings of regret. Guilt is negatively related to behaviors of engaging in negative word-of-mouth and reducing dependence on platforms, while regret is positively related to these consumers’ behaviors. The current study contributes to the existing literature by expanding our understanding of relationships among perceptions of CSR, attributions of responsibility, negative emotions and responses. Yet our study provides theoretical support for improving CSR strategies and policies in the field of e-commerce.
Evidence to support the mechanical advantage hypothesis of grasping at low force levels
Authors: Rajakumar Banuvathy , SKM Varadhan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Grasping an object is one of the several tasks performed by human hands. Object stabilization while grasping is a fundamental aspect to consider for the safety of grasped objects. Fingertip forces re-distribute to establish equilibrium when systematic variations are introduced to objects held in hand. During torque variations to the grasped handle, the central nervous system prefers to support the mechanical advantage hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, during torque production tasks, fingers with longer moment arm for normal force produce greater normal force than the fingers with shorter moment arm. The current study was performed to examine and confirm the factor that causes the central nervous system to employ this strategy. In addition to minimising the thumb’s contribution to hold the handle, thumb normal force was restricted to a minimal level. Such a restriction made the task even more challenging. Therefore, it was confirmed that the challenging task induces the central nervous system to employ the mechanical advantage principle.
Cas9-sgRNA target residence alters DNA double strand break repair pathway choices in CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing
Authors: Xie An-Yong , Liu Si-Cheng , Feng Yi-Li , Sun Xiu-Na , Chen Ruo-Dan , Liu Qian , Xiao Jing-Jing , Xiang Ji-Feng , Chen Guo-Qiao , Yang Yi , Lou Chao , Li Hao-Dan , Xu Shi-Ming , Lin Hui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Given its different target-binding affinity and varying residence time after DNA cleavage, the Cas9-sgRNA complex that remains bound to cleaved DNA may influence DNA double strand break (DSB) repair pathway choices, contributing to highly heterogeneous mutations in genome editing. Here, we found that DSB repair pathway choices vary significantly at different sites for Cas9-induced DSBs. Reduced target-binding affinity of Cas9-sgRNA promotes a bias toward classical NHEJ (c-NHEJ), but inactivation of c-NHEJ aggravates off-target activities. By dislodging Cas9-sgRNA from the cleaved target, local DNA replication suppresses c-NHEJ in favor of other DSB repair pathways by altering DSB configuration and repair timing. It also results in sister chromatid fusion, which may promote chromosomal breakage-fusion-bridge cycles. This suggests that varying Cas9-sgRNA target-binding affinity or residence duration modulate DSB repair pathway choices for Cas9-induced DSBs and widen the mutational spectra in CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.
High-flow Nasal Cannula and Prone Positioning Improve Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Miyata Nobuyuki , Yoshimura Yukihiro , Sasaki Hiroaki , Horiuchi Hiroshi , Miyazaki Kazuhito , Tsuboi Sayaka , Yamaguchi Yoshikazu , Sugawara Yoh , Hayami Hajime , Tachikawa Natsuo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:
Non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV or IMV) is used to treat critically ill patients with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the mortality rate for these remains high. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is an alternative device and prone position (PP) is a therapeutic option. However, there is also no evidence to support the efficacy of these methods for patients with COVID-19. Thus, our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the therapeutic combination of early high-flow nasal cannula and the prone position.
Methods:
We conducted an observational, retrospective, single-center study. We enrolled COVID-19 patients with HFNC support admitted to our hospital between February 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021. We considered the threshold level for HFNC use as Oxygen saturation (SpO2) < 90% and respiratory rate > 20 breaths/min with a non-rebreather mask at 7 L/min or more. SpO2 as measured by pulse oximetry to the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) (S/F) ratio was calculated to estimate the partial pressure of arterial oxygen to FiO2 ratio. The primary outcome was the all-cause 28-day mortality. The secondary outcome was intubation rates, time until liberation from HFNC and the length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) and the hospital. Continuous variables with normal distribution are shown as mean ± standard deviation, others as median and interquartile range, and categorical variables as counts and percentages.
Results:
A total of 451 COVID-19 patients were enrolled. Of these, 54 (12%) patients required HFNC. The median S/F ratio before HFNC initiation was 103.9, and the worst median S/F ratio with HFNC was 181. Six patients (11%) died. If we exclude patients who are not eligible for IMV due to their PS, the presence of comorbidities, or the wishes of the patient or their family, only two patients (4%) died. IMV or NIV was required in five patients (9%), of whom three patients died. The median duration of HFNC use, ICU stay, and hospitalization were seven, seven, and 23 days, respectively.
Conclusion:
The combination therapy of early HFNC and PP has the potential to improve the mortality rate and reduce intubation.