bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Writing Yourself Well: Dispositional Self-Reflection Moderates the Effect of a Smartphone App-Based Journaling Intervention on Psychological Wellbeing across Time
Authors: MacIsaac Angela , Mushquash Aislin R. , Wekerle Christine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSelf-reflection is often viewed positively; paradoxically, however, it is also associated with distress, potentially because of its relationship with rumination. Focusing self-reflection on positive themes may be one way to promote adaptive self-reflection. This study examined whether the disposition to engage in self-reflection motivates use of a journal containing positively focused writing prompts and moderates the benefit gained from it, specifically when rumination is controlled for. For 28 days, participants (N= 152) accessed an app-based mental health intervention containing various features, including the aforementioned journal. Outcomes of self-regulation and psychological wellbeing were assessed, controlling for time spent using other app features. As expected, journaling was associated with improvements in psychological wellbeing but only when baseline self-reflection was average or higher. Journaling was also initially associated with improvements in self-regulation, but this was diminished after controlling for time spent using other app features. Findings suggest self-reflection could be a strength for fostering wellbeing when it is directed in a positive way.
Physics-informed learning of aerosol microphysics
Authors: Harder Paula , Watson-Parris Duncan , Stier Philip , Strassel Dominik , Gauger Nicolas R. , Keuper Janis 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aerosol particles play an important role in the climate system by absorbing and scattering radiation and influencing cloud properties. They are also one of the biggest sources of uncertainty for climate modeling. Many climate models do not include aerosols in sufficient detail due to computational constraints. To represent key processes, aerosol microphysical properties and processes have to be accounted for. This is done in the ECHAM-HAM (European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast-Hamburg-Hamburg) global climate aerosol model using the M7 microphysics, but high computational costs make it very expensive to run with finer resolution or for a longer time. We aim to use machine learning to emulate the microphysics model at sufficient accuracy and reduce the computational cost by being fast at inference time. The original M7 model is used to generate data of input–output pairs to train a neural network (NN) on it. We are able to learn the variables’ tendencies achieving an average

$ {R}^2 $

score of 77.1%. We further explore methods to inform and constrain the NN with physical knowledge to reduce mass violation and enforce mass positivity. On a Graphics processing unit (GPU), we achieve a speed-up of up to over 64 times faster when compared to the original model.
A dynamical approach to the asymptotic behavior of the sequence
Authors: LOYD KAITLYN 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe study the asymptotic behavior of the sequence
$ \{\Omega (n) \}_{ n \in \mathbb {N} } $
from a dynamical point of view, where
$ \Omega (n) $
denotes the number of prime factors of
$ n $
counted with multiplicity. First, we show that for any non-atomic ergodic system
$(X, \mathcal {B}, \mu , T)$
, the operators
$T^{\Omega (n)}: \mathcal {B} \to L^1(\mu )$
have the strong sweeping-out property. In particular, this implies that the pointwise ergodic theorem does not hold along
$\Omega (n)$
. Second, we show that the behaviors of
$\Omega (n)$
captured by the prime number theorem and Erdős–Kac theorem are disjoint, in the sense that their dynamical correlations tend to zero.
Changes in soil hydraulic properties due to organic amendment
Authors: Bayabil Haimanote K. , Teshome Fitsum T. , Hailegnaw Niguss Solomon , Zhang Jian , Li Yuncong C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The effect of milorganite, a commercially available organic soil amendment, on soil nutrients, plant growth, and yield has been investigated. However, its effect on soil hydraulic properties remains less understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of milorganite amendment on soil evaporation, moisture retention, hydraulic conductivity, and electrical conductivity of a Krome soil. A column experiment was conducted with two milorganite application rates (15 and 30% v/v) and a non-amended control soil. The results revealed that milorganite reduced evaporation rates and the length of Stage I of the evaporation process compared with the control. Moreover, milorganite increased moisture retention at saturation and permanent wilting point while decreasing soil hydraulic conductivity. In addition, milorganite increased soil electrical conductivity. Overall, milorganite resulted in increased soil moisture retention; however, moisture in the soil may not be readily available for plants due to increased soil salinity.
‘In Nature's Good Old College’: Sexual Politics and the Long Shadow of Hegel
Authors: Daub Adrian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough his positions on gender were neither particularly radical nor particularly representative of his age, Hegel proved counterintuitively central to early German philosophers elaborating openly feminist positions. The Young Hegelians' critique of religion offered a readymade way to critique traditional modes of grounding and vindicating gender roles. But it also, especially among more materialist thinkers like Ludwig Feuerbach, tended to rely on supposedly “natural” bases for gender inequality. This article traces a line of women thinkers beginning in Hegel's age, stretching through the immediate aftermath of Hegel's death, all the way to the fin-de-siècle, who sought to destabilize the very idea of nature that lay behind both Hegelian and Young Hegelian accounts. Thinkers like Bettina Brentano-von Arnim (1785–1859), Louise Dittmar (1807–1884), and Helene von Druskowitz (1856–1918) charted a path between Hegel himself, Hegel's critics, renewers, and overcomers, to arrive at strikingly modern position. In particular von Druskowitz, critic of Feuerbach and Comte, interlocutor to Nietzsche and Hartmann, ended up with a philosophical position on nature that was nearly identical to the most radical feminist proposals of the 1960s: the end of human nature, even if it meant the end of the species.
Hydrodynamic cavitation reduction in semidilute turbulent polymer solution flows
Authors: Azadi Reza , Nobes David S. 
Published: November 2022

The hydrodynamic cavitation in semidilute solution flows of a flexible polymer additive in water was experimentally explored in a mesoscale converging–diverging nozzle to elucidate the cavitation reduction effects of polymer additives. Rheological measurements demonstrated that polymer solutions were shear-thinning, with infinite viscosities larger than pure water. The polymer additives significantly mitigated the intensity of cloud cavitation and the growth of violent cavity structures in the tested solution concentrations. Under conditions of supercavitation, the tested polymer solutions could not suppress the growth of large structures but showed a reduction in the population of cavitation bubbles. The temporal evolution and spatial variation of cavitation structures in different concentrations were captured using high-speed imaging. Statistical analysis of the images showed that polymers reduce cavitation via three main mechanisms. (1) The longitudinal expansion of cavities downstream is attenuated relative to the pure water. The streamwise distribution of vapour-ratio fluctuations was flattened, and its peak was shifted upstream in the solutions. (2) Mean collapse and growth rate of cavitating bubble pockets and their fluctuations were noticeably relaxed by polymer additives. For a 400 p.p.m. solution (parts per million (p.p.m.)), a reduction of 65 % was measured relative to pure water flow at the highest tested flow rate. (3) Spectral analysis of the downstream pressure indicated that the shedding frequency at the cavitation inception was reduced as the solution's concentration increased. This reduction was as high as 70 % for a 400 p.p.m. solution. These results highlight the strong interplay between polymer additives and the generation of cavitation-related structures.
Inertial migration of red blood cells under a Newtonian fluid in a circular channel
Authors: Takeishi Naoki , Yamashita Hiroshi , Omori Toshihiro , Yokoyama Naoto , Wada Shigeo , Sugihara-Seki Masako 
Published: November 2022

We present a numerical analysis of the lateral movement and equilibrium radial positions of red blood cells (RBCs) with major diameter 8

$\mathrm {\mu }$

m under a Newtonian fluid in a circular channel with 50

$\mathrm {\mu }$

m diameter. Each RBC, modelled as a biconcave capsule whose membrane satisfies strain-hardening characteristics, is simulated for different Reynolds numbers

$Re$

and capillary numbers

$Ca$

, the latter of which indicates the ratio of the fluid viscous force to the membrane elastic force. The effects of initial orientation angles and positions on the equilibrium radial position of an RBC centroid are also investigated. The numerical results show that depending on their initial orientations, RBCs have bistable flow modes, so-called rolling and tumbling motions. Most RBCs have a rolling motion. These stable modes are accompanied by different equilibrium radial positions, where tumbling RBCs are further away from the channel axis than rolling ones. The inertial migration of RBCs is achieved by alternating orientation angles, which are affected primarily by the initial orientation angles. Then the RBCs assume the aforementioned bistable modes during the migration, followed by further migration to the equilibrium radial position at much longer time periods. The power (or energy dissipation) associated with membrane deformations is introduced to quantify the state of membrane loads. The energy expenditures rely on stable flow modes, the equilibrium radial positions of RBC centroids, and the viscosity ratio between the internal and external fluids.
Determining the protocol requirements of in-home dog food digestibility testing
Authors: Bos Evelien , Hendriks Wouter , Beerda Bonne , Bosch Guido 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn-home pet food testing has the benefit of yielding data which is directly applicable to the pet population. Validated and standardised in-home test protocols need to be available, and here we investigated key protocol requirements for an in-home canine food digestibility protocol. Participants were recruited via an online survey. After meeting specific inclusion criteria, sixty dogs of various breeds and ages received, during 14 consecutive days, a relatively low and high digestible complete dry extruded food containing titanium (Ti) dioxide. Both foods were given for 7 d in a cross-over design. Owners collected faeces daily allowing daily faecal Ti concentrations and digestibility of nitrogen (N), dry matter (DM), crude ash, organic matter (OM), crude fat (Cfat), starch and gross energy (GE) to be determined. Faecal Ti and digestibility values for all nutrients were not different (P > 0·05) from the second day onwards after first consumption for both foods. One day of faecal collection yielded reliable digestibility values with additional collection days not reducing the confidence interval around the mean. Depending on the accepted margin of error, the food and the nutrient of interest, the minimal required sample size was between 9 and 43 dogs. Variation in digestibility values could in part be explained by a dog’s neuter status (N, crude ash) and age (crude ash, Cfat) but not sex and body size. Future studies should focus on further identifying and controlling sources of variation to improve the in-home digestibility protocol and reduce the number of dogs required.
Improvement of soil aggregate-associated carbon sequestration capacity after 14 years of conservation tillage
Authors: Chen Siyu , Cao Yaqian , Zhang Tingting , Cui Jichao , Guo Liangliang , Shen Ying , Zhou Pengchong , Han Huifang , Ning Tangyuan 
Published: November 2022

Summary
The North China Plain is an important summer maize/winter wheat rotation area. However, over the years, continued intensive tillage has destroyed the soil aggregate accelerating the mineralization and decomposition of soil organic carbon (SOC), which plays an important role in soil quality, as increased organic carbon storage improves soil fertility and crop yields. Thus, the objective of this study was to explore the comprehensive impact of tillage methods on soil aggregates, aggregate-associated SOC, and carbon sequestration capacity under a regime of straw return. In 2002, we started a 14-year long-term tillage experiment; then in 2016–2017, we tested the following tillage methods, zero tillage (ZT), rotary tillage (RT), subsoiling (SS), and conventional tillage (CT). The results showed that in the 0–10 cm soil layer, tillage methods significantly reduced the proportion of aggregates in the order of 2–0.25 > 5–2 > 0.25–0.053 mm. Additionally, conservation tillage (i.e., SS and ZT) significantly increased the percentage of macroaggregates (0–40 cm) and their SOC content, compared to CT. Additionally, the contribution rate of macroaggregates to SOC was 17.2% and 30.6% higher under SS and ZT than under CT, respectively. Conservation tillage methods improved the carbon sequestration capacity of soil aggregates. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the development of more suitable tillage methods. Furthermore, long-term conservation tillage seemingly protected large aggregates and, SOC, whereby carbon sequestration was enhanced and soil carbon emissions were effectively reduced.
‘It all comes from me’: Bahu Begam and the making of the Awadhnawabi, circa1765–1815
Authors: Abbott Nicholas J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article examines the durable, yet largely overlooked, claims of Bahu Begam (1727–1815) to dynastic wealth and authority in the Awadhnawabi(1722–1856), a North Indian Mughal ‘successor state’ and an important client of the East India Company. Chief consort (khass mahal) to Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula (r. 1754–75) and mother to his successor Nawab Asaf-ud-Daula (r. 1775–97), Bahu Begam played a well-documented role in the regime’s tumultuous politics, particularly during Warren Hastings’s tenure as the Company’s governor-general (1773–85) and his later parliamentary impeachment. But despite her prominent political influence, little attention has been paid to the substance of her persistent claims to proprietorship over revenue rights and the immense fortune in her custody, as well as her broader assertions of authority over Awadh’s male rulers. Taking those claims seriously, this article contends that the begam rooted her arguments in notions of natural deference to maternal authority and generational seniority, evolving dynastic traditions of co-sharing sovereignty and fiscal resources, and her particular history as a principal financier of the Awadh regime. In so doing, the article argues that the begam’s claims reflect the shifting conceptual language of late-Mughal Persianate political discourse and the ambivalent position of elite women as dynastic financiers and state-builders in early colonial South Asia.
IR's Roads to Freedom: Rereading Jean-Paul Sartre's trilogy as an International Relations text
Authors: Ashworth Lucian M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractJean-Paul Sartre's trilogy Roads to Freedom is written against the backdrop of the crises between 1938 and 1940 that led to war and the Fall of France. In this article I argue that Roads to Freedom can be read as an IR text, and I concentrate on four areas. First, a refocusing on the international relations of the everyday. Second, the anatomy of a crisis from an existentialist viewpoint that can enrich our understanding of crises. Third how the interactions of the main characters reveal the ‘mediation of estrangement’ at the heart of diplomacy, first explored by Der Derian in his 1987 On Diplomacy. Fourth, it calls into question our emphasis in IR on the centrality of causes to understand a crisis. Rather, Roads to Freedom refocuses our gaze on the diverse effects in everyday IR. The argument of the article is interwoven with my own experiences reading the trilogy for the first time, and how it influenced my decision to study IR.
Are major lower extremity amputations well recorded in primary care electronic health records?: Insights from primary care electronic health records in England
Authors: Meffen Anna , Sayers Robert D. , Gillies Clare L. , Khunti Kamlesh , Gray Laura J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims:
Major lower extremity amputations (MLEAs) are understood to be well recorded in secondary care in England in the Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) database. It is unclear how well MLEAs are recorded in primary care databases.

Background:
This study compared MLEA event case ascertainment in Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) to that in HES.

Methods:
MLEA events were ascertained in CPRD and in HES linkage between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019. The number of MLEA events and the number of patients with at least one MLEA in each database were recorded and compared. Individual events were matched between the databases using varying date-matching windows. Reasons for differences in case ascertainment were explored.

Findings:
In total 23 262 patients had at least one MLEA record, 8716 (37.5%) had an MLEA record in HES only, 5393 (23.2%) in CPRD only and 9153 (39.4%) in both. Out of a total of 75 221 events, 13 071 (62.4%) were recorded in HES only and 44 151 (81.3%) in CPRD only. 7874 (37.6%) of HES events were recorded in CPRD and 10 125 (18.6%) of CPRD events were recorded in HES when using the maximum date matching window of 28 days plus the time between admission and procedure. The main reasons for differences in case ascertainment included, re-recordings and miscoding in CPRD.
Compared to HES, MLEAs are poorly recorded in CPRD predominantly due to re-recordings of events and miscoding procedures. CPRD data cannot solely be relied upon to ascertain cases of MLEA; however, HES linkage to CPRD may be useful to obtain medical history of diagnoses, medication and diagnostic tests.
Raising the Bar: How Chambers Librarianship has Risen to Twenty Years of Challenges
Authors: Million Alison 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTwenty years ago the author, Alison Million, submitted an article to Legal Information Management (LIM) entitled ‘Of Barristers and Books’ which recounted her experiences of working as a librarian to barristers’ chambers in the era of print and CDs. The article brought her into contact with the Librarian of Inner Temple Library and together they founded the Bar Librarians’ Group to meet the interests of both Inn and Chambers Librarians. This article in 2022 recounts how the ensuing 20 years have brought very different challenges to Chambers Librarians in the online era and how the Bar Librarians’ Group works hard to resolve difficulties on behalf of LIS professionals serving the Bar.
Regional‐Scale Landscape Response to an Extreme Precipitation Event From Repeat Lidar and Object‐Based Image Analysis
Authors: DeLong S. B. , Hammer M. N. , Engle Z. T. , Richard E. M. , Breckenridge A. J. , Gran K. B. , Jennings C. E. , Jalobeanu A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExtreme precipitation events may cause flooding, slope failure, erosion, deposition, and damage to infrastructure over a regional scale, but the impacts of these events are often difficult to fully characterize. Regional‐scale landscape change occurred during an extreme rain event in June 2012 in northeastern Minnesota. Landscape change was documented by 8,000 km2 of airborne lidar data collected before and after the event. Following improved alignment of the lidar point data and reducing error using insight from analysis of extensive stable areas, elevation differences were classified into map objects representing geomorphic change in relation to process and landscape position using object‐based image analysis. This remote mapping compares favorably to field and imagery‐based mapping and provides the basis for volumetric sediment budgeting. Elevation differences in these objects indicate that 4.5 × 106 ± 1.0 × 106 m3 of sediment was eroded in the study area. Of this, 2.5 × 106 ± 3.3 × 105 m3 was deposited in deposits on hillslopes and valley floors, and 2.0 × 106 ± 4.6 × 105 m3 were removed from watersheds and exported to the Saint Louis River Estuary and Lake Superior. Multivariate logistic regression analysis emphasized that topographic slope and presence of glaciolacustrine clay lithology are the primary control on landslide occurrence, and landslides occur most frequently on slopes within tens of meters of stream channels. These results provide the basis to anticipate the impacts of similar future storm events. Because precipitation events are forecast to continue to increase in frequency and intensity owing to climate change, characterizing and anticipating their effects may support hazard planning.
The Numerical Formulation of Simple Hysteretic Models to Simulate the Large‐Scale Hydrological Impacts of Prairie Depressions
Authors: Clark Martyn P. , Shook Kevin R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTopographic depressions have large impacts on the hydrology, ecology, and biogeochemistry in prairie environments. Topographic depressions control the hydrological flow regime through their role in storing water from precipitation and snow melt, and the storage dynamics of topographic depressions affect the retention, transformations, and transport of sediment, carbon, and nutrients. The water stored in topographic depressions supports a diversity of animal and plant species. More generally, depressional wetlands are an integral component of global water, energy, and biogeochemical cycles. In this technical note, we present simple models to simulate hysteretic relationships between storage and contributing area. We consider both spatially distributed and spatially integrated models. The spatially distributed models (the ensemble‐depression model) explicitly simulate storage dynamics for a distribution of discrete depressions. In these spatially distributed models, the large‐scale storage‐contributing fraction relationships are an emergent property of the modeled system. The spatially integrated models (the meta‐depression model) parameterize the large‐scale storage‐discharge relationships. The spatially integrated models are formulated in a way to represent hysteretic behavior. We present a suite of numerical experiments and demonstrate that the ensemble‐depression and meta‐depression models have similar large‐scale behavior. The simple hysteretic models defined here are formulated in a way so that they can easily be incorporated in conventional hydrological models.