bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of syphilis among people living with HIV and its implication for enhanced coinfection monitoring and management in China: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Yuelin , Zhu Wenqian , Sun Chengqing , Yue Xiaoli , Zheng Min , Fu Gengfeng , Gong Xiangdong 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundPeople living with HIV (PLWH) are at an increased risk of syphilis infection. The objectives of this study were to assess the overall prevalence of syphilis among PLWH in China and identify factors associated with syphilis infection among PLWH.MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), Wan-fang Data, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) to identify studies that reported the prevalence of syphilis among PLWH in China and were published in English or Chinese from January 1, 1990, to May 31, 2022. The reference lists of retrieved articles and relevant reviews were also checked to identify additional studies. A random-effect model was fitted to calculate the pooled syphilis prevalence among PLWH. Subgroup analyses, meta-regression analyses and sensitivity analyses were conducted to determine the potential source of heterogeneity.ResultsOf the 1,599 articles screened, 29 studies involving 34,740 participants were eligible for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of syphilis among PLWH in China was 19.9% [95% confidence interval (CI): 15.4–24.8%,I2= 98.9%]. Subgroup analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of syphilis among men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV (21.9%, 95% CI: 17.2–26.9%) was much higher than that among heterosexuals (10.3%, 95% CI: 5.2–16.8%); there was regional diversity in the prevalence of syphilis, the highest in northern China (31.7%, 95% CI: 17.9–47.4%), followed by central-southern China (26.7%, 95% CI: 11.4–45.7%), and the lowest in northwestern China (15.0%, 95% CI: 6.9–25.4%); the syphilis prevalence among PLWH decreased as CD4 + T cell count increased (19.6% in CD4 + T cell &lt; 200 vs. 8.7% in ≥ 500) and was higher among non-antiretroviral therapy (non-ART) HIV-infected patients (21.0%, 95% CI: 9.9–35.0%) than that among ART ones (16.1%, 95% CI: 3.9–34.3%).ConclusionsOur study showed a significantly high prevalence of syphilis among PLWH in China, particularly among MSM with HIV. Developing national guidelines for the integrated screening, monitoring, and management of HIV and syphilis as well as syphilis diagnosis and treatment training programs for physicians at designated HIV treatment hospitals is urgent and crucial to combat HIV and syphilis coinfection in China.
Mental health among healthcare workers during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey in Jilin Province in China
Authors: Ning Liangwen , Jia Huanhuan , Yu Jianxing , Gao Shang , Shang Panpan , Cao Peng , Yu Xihe 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe prolonged COVID-19 pandemic has seriously impacted the mental health of healthcare workers. This study aimed to explore the mental health status of healthcare workers, compare the differences in mental health between physicians and nurses, and verify the impact of risk perception on mental health in the long-term COVID-19 pandemic in Jilin Province, China.MethodsA stratified random sample was used to conduct an on-site questionnaire survey in December 2020 to measure the mental health status, risk perceptions, and demographic characteristics of healthcare workers in Jilin Province, China. A total of 3,383 participants completed the questionnaire survey, of which 3,373 were valid questionnaires.ResultsA total of 23.6% (n = 795) of participants had symptoms of depression, 27.4% (n = 923) had symptoms of anxiety, and 16.3% (n = 551) had symptoms of stress. Physicians reported significantly higher rates of depression and anxiety than nurses (p = 0.023, p = 0.013, respectively). There was no significant difference in the proportion of participants with stress between physicians and nurses (p = 0.474). Multivariate logistic regression results showed that healthcare workers who had a high level of risk perception were more likely to have symptoms of depression (AOR = 4.12, p &lt; 0.001), anxiety (AOR = 3.68, p &lt; 0.001), and stress (AOR = 4.45, p &lt; 0.001) after controlling for other variables.ConclusionAt least one in six healthcare workers experienced mental health problems, and physicians were more likely than nurses to suffer from depression during the prolonged COVID-19 epidemic. Risk perception was highly predictive of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in medical staff. Public health interventions are needed to mitigate the long-term psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Status and influencing factors of medication literacy among Chinese caregivers of discharged children with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Zhang Yingzi , Wang Xiuqiong , Cai Jianghui , Yang Yanfeng , Liu Yiling , Liao Yeling , Zhou Yanhong , He Baoqin , Wen Wen , Zhuang Qian , Lin Yonghong 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe information on medication literacy among Chinese caregivers of discharged children with Kawasaki disease (KD) is unknown. We aimed to investigate the status of medication literacy among caregivers of discharged children with KD and evaluate the influencing factors of medication literacy.MethodsFrom March 2020 to February 2021, 106 caregivers with a KD child were recruited for the present study. We collected the sociodemographic characteristics of the KD caregivers using structured interviews. The medication literacy of the KD caregivers was assessed by the Chinese version of Medication Literacy Assessment. KD patients' demographic and clinical data were obtained from the medical records. The multiple logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with medication literacy.Results(1) The average medication literacy score was 4.91 ± 1.51. (2) Most of the Chinese KD caregivers had insufficient medication literacy (≤ 5 scores), and only 39.2% of the caregivers had adequate medication literacy (&gt;5 scores). (3) The multiple logistic regression shows that education level, monthly income, and duration of hospitalization are the independent influencing factors on the medication literacy of KD caregivers.ConclusionThere is preliminary evidence that medication literacy among KD caregivers is low and needs improvement. A higher level of education, higher income, and longer duration of hospitalization were influencing factors of adequate medication literacy.
The effect of shift work on burnout and occupational fatigue among clinical faculty members during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gilavand Abdolreza 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionShift work of clinical faculty members in the COVID-19 pandemic may cause burnout and occupational fatigue and as a result, may reduce the quality of student education and disrupt the treatment of patients, so this study was conducted to evaluate this case.Materials and methodsThe statistical population of this cross-sectional research included all clinical faculty members of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in southwestern Iran, who experienced a shift work system (night shift from 8 p.m. to 8 a.m.) during the COVID-19 pandemic, and finally, 71 of them participated in it. The sampling method was also available. Two inventories were used to collect data, namely the Maslach Burnout Inventory [MBI-HSS (MP)] and the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory (SOFI-20).ResultsThe self-reported burnout of faculty members was high (mean ± SD = 98.18 ± 17.18), which was graded into the range of emotional exhaustion (38.01 ± 10.2), range of personal accomplishment, (33.75 ± 6.75), and the range of depersonalization (26.42 ± 3.5), respectively. Perceived occupational fatigue of faculty members was also high (M ± SD = 82.25 ± 34.79), which included the dimensions of lack of motivation (18.69 ± 8.65), drowsiness (17.43 ± 8.7), lack of energy (16.33 ± 7.67), physical discomfort (15.65 ± 8.62), and physical stress (13.51 ± 6.9), respectively. In terms of demographic characteristics, occupational fatigue was significantly more common among women.Discussion and conclusionThe self-reported burnout and occupational fatigue of clinical faculty members due to shift work were reported to be high in this study. Although our knowledge of burnout has advanced in recent years, many gaps in our knowledge still remain. In order for clinical faculty members to properly fulfill their mission to treat patients, educate students, and promote public health, it is necessary to provide all the necessary conditions for their effective activity. Some interventions, such as improving organizational strategies and providing technical solutions, incentives, and occupational facilities, can help reduce or eliminate these problems.
Measurable outcomes of consumer engagement in health research: A scoping review
Authors: DeBortoli Emily , Soyer H. Peter , Milne David , Dissanayaka Nadeeka , Gartner Coral , Holt Jeanette , Rae Kym , Robison Laura , Wallingford Courtney K. , McInerney-Leo Aideen M. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundConsumer engagement is increasingly recognized as an instrumental component of health research, with many institutions and international bodies mandating it as part of the research and funding process. Given an increasing utilization of consumer engagement in health research, it is critical to identify the literature which support its value and tools that capture successful outcomes. To develop an overview of the literature, we conducted an umbrella scoping review exploring important outcomes of consumer engagement in health research combined with a scoping review of relevant frameworks. Specifically, we aimed to capture outcomes which reflect authentic and meaningful consumer engagement.MethodsFour databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane Library) were searched using key search terms. Records were included if they were review articles or frameworks that addressed outcomes of consumer engagement in health research. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and an inductive qualitative content analysis. Identified outcomes were sorted based on the three most relevant stakeholder groups (consumer, researcher, institution).ResultsA total of twenty articles that explored a variety of health disciplines were included. We identified fifteen measurable outcomes of consumer engagement in health research. Eight core outcomes were relevant to all stakeholder groups, and were considered fundamental to authentic consumer engagement including (1) trust, (2) empowerment, (3) respect, (4) confidence in the outcomes of the research, (5) transparency of the research process, (6) satisfaction with the consumer engagement program, (7) knowledge and experiences of consumers, and (8) degree of consumer engagement. Outcomes pertaining to specific stakeholder groups included representativeness and diversity of the consumer groups, research relevance to consumers, funding opportunities, quality/validity of the research, recruitment/retention rates, translation and dissemination of research, and interpretation of results.ConclusionThis review identified key measurable outcomes that could be captured when evaluating the impacts of consumer engagement on health research and the success of consumer engagement programs. All outcomes identified were relatively underexplored within the literature, and inadequately and/or inconsistently evaluated amongst studies. Future research should consult all stakeholder groups to identify outcomes perceived to be reflective of optimal consumer engagement.
Sensor-based intervention to enhance movement control of the spine in low back pain: Protocol for a quasi-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mourits Bianca M. P. , Vos Lammert A. , Bruijn Sjoerd M. , Dieën Jaap H. van , Prins Maarten R. 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionChronic low back pain is a common condition that imposes an enormous burden on individuals and society. Physical exercise with education is the most effective treatment, but generally results in small, albeit significant improvements. However, which type of exercise is most effective remains unknown. Core stability training is often used to improve muscle strength and spinal stability in these patients. The majority of the core stability exercises mentioned in intervention studies involve no spinal movements (static motor control exercises). It is questionable if these exercises would improve controlled movements of the spine. Sensor-based exergames controlled with spinal movements could help improve movement control of the spine. The primary aim of this study is to compare the effects of such sensor-based exergames to static motor control exercises on spinal movement control.Methods and analysisIn this quasi-randomized controlled trial, 60 patients with chronic low back pain who are already enrolled in a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme will be recruited. Patients will be randomly allocated into one of two groups: the Sensor-Based Movement Control group (n = 30) or the Static Motor Control group (n = 30). Both groups will receive 8 weeks of two supervised therapy sessions and four home exercises per week in addition to the rehabilitation programme. At baseline (week 1) and after the intervention (week 10), movement control of the spine will be assessed using a tracking task and clinical movement control test battery. Questionnaires on pain, disability, fear avoidance and quality of life will be taken at baseline, after intervention and at 6- and 12 months follow-up. Repeated measures ANOVAs will be used to evaluate if a significant Group x Time interaction effect exists for the movement control evaluations.DiscussionSensor-based spinal controlled exergames are a novel way to train spinal movement control using meaningful and engaging feedback. The results of this study will inform clinicians and researchers on the efficacy of movement control training for patients with low back pain.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for this study protocol was obtained from the METC Brabant (protocol number NL76811.028.21).Trial registrationOpen Science Framework Registries (https://osf.io/v3mw9/), registration number: 10.17605/OSF.IO/V3MW9, registered on 1 September 2021.
New Ceramides and Cerebrosides from the Deep-Sea Far Eastern Starfish Ceramaster patagonicus
Authors: Malyarenko Timofey V. , Zakharenko Viktor M. , Kicha Alla A. , Kuzmich Alexandra S. , Malyarenko Olesya S. , Kalinovsky Anatoly I. , Popov Roman S. , Svetashev Vasily I. , Ivanchina Natalia V. 
Published: October 2022

Three new ceramides (1–3) and three new cerebrosides (4, 8, and 9), along with three previously known cerebrosides (ophidiocerebrosides C (5), D (6), and CE-3-2 (7)), were isolated from a deep-sea starfish species, the orange cookie starfish Ceramaster patagonicus. The structures of 1−4, 8, and 9 were determined by the NMR and ESIMS techniques and also through chemical transformations. Ceramides 1–3 contain iso-C21 or C23 Δ9-phytosphingosine as a long-chain base and have C16 or C17 (2R)-2-hydroxy-fatty acids of the normal type. Cerebroside 4 contains C22 Δ9-sphingosine anteiso-type as a long-chain base and (2R)-2-hydroxyheptadecanoic acid of the normal type, while compounds 8 and 9 contain saturated C-17 phytosphingosine anteiso-type as a long-chain base and differ from each other in the length of the polymethylene chain of (2R)-2-hydroxy-fatty acids of the normal type: C23 in 8 and C24 in 9. All the new cerebrosides (4, 8, and 9) have β-D-glucopyranose as a monosaccharide residue. The composition of neutral sphingolipids from C. patagonicus was described for the first time. The investigated compounds 1–3, 5–7, and 9 exhibit slight to moderate cytotoxic activity against human cancer cells (HT-29, SK-MEL-28, and MDA-MB-231) and normal embryonic kidney cells HEK293. Compounds 2, 5, and 6 at a concentration of 20 µM inhibit colony formation of MDA-MB-231 cells by 68%, 54%, and 68%, respectively. The colony-inhibiting activity of compounds 2, 5, and 6 is comparable to the effect of doxorubicin, which reduces the number of colonies by 70% at the same concentration.
Pathogenic Bacilli as an Emerging Biothreat?
Authors: Mondange Lou , Tessier Émilie , Tournier Jean-Nicolas 
Published: October 2022

Bacillus anthracis, present as a very durable endospore in soil, causes zoonotic illness which is mainly associated with herbivores and domestic animals. Human cases are scarce and often involve populations close to infected livestock. If anthrax is no longer of public health concern in developed countries, B. anthracis is one of the top-tier biological weapon agents. It is classified by the CDC as a category A agent. Since 1994, emerging strains of Bacillus cereus have been associated with anthrax-like disease in mammals. Some clinical strains of B. cereus harbor anthrax-like plasmid genes (pXO1 and pXO2) associated with non-human primate and human infections, with the same clinical presentation of inhalation anthrax and mortality rates. Although currently restricted to certain limited areas of circulation, the emergence of these new strains of B. cereus extends the list of potential agents possibly usable for bioterrorism or as a biological weapon. It is therefore important to improve our knowledge of the phylogeny within the B. cereus sensu lato group to better understand the origin of these strains. We can then more efficiently monitor the emergence of new strains to better control the risk of infection and limit potentially malicious uses.
Novel Design of Superhydrophobic and Anticorrosive PTFE and PAA + β − CD Composite Coating Deposited by Electrospinning, Spin Coating and Electrospraying Techniques
Authors: Vicente Adrián , Rivero Pedro J. , Urdiroz Unai , García Paloma , Mora Julio , Palacio José F. , Palomares F. Javier , Rodríguez Rafael 
Published: October 2022

A superhydrophobic composite coating consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and poly(acrylic acid)+ β-cyclodextrin (PAA + β-CD) was prepared on an aluminum alloy AA 6061T6 substrate by a three-step process of electrospinnig, spin coating, and electrospraying. The electrospinning technique is used for the fabrication of a polymeric binder layer synthesized from PAA + β-CD. The superhydrophilic characteristic of the electrospun PAA + β-CD layer makes it suitable for the absorption of an aqueous suspension with PTFE particles in a spin-coating process, obtaining a hydrophobic behavior. Then, the electrospraying of a modified PTFE dispersion forms a layer of distributed PTFE particles, in which a strong bonding of the particles with each other and with the PTFE particles fixed in the PAA + β-CD fiber matrix results in a remarkable improvement of the particles adhesion to the substrate by different heat treatments. The experimental results corroborate the important role of obtaining hierarchical micro/nano multilevel structures for the optimization of superhydrophobic surfaces, leading to water contact angles above 170°, very low contact angle of hysteresis (CAH = 2°) and roll-off angle (αroll−off < 5°). In addition, a superior corrosion resistance is obtained, generating a barrier to retain the electrolyte infiltration. This study may provide useful insights for a wide range of applications.
Efficacy of Low-Protein Rice for Dietary Protein Restriction in CKD Patients: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Study
Authors: Hosojima Michihiro , Kabasawa Hideyuki , Kaseda Ryohei , Ishikawa-Tanaka Tomomi , Obi Yoshitsugu , Murayama Toshiko , Kuwahara Shoji , Suzuki Yoshiki , Narita Ichiei , Saito Akihiko 
Published: October 2022

Key Points

Low-protein rice (LPR) is a feasible tool for efficiently reducing dietary protein intake in patients with CKD.Long-term studies are needed to investigate the ability of an LPR-based diet to suppress CKD progression.

Background
The benefits of dietary protein restriction in CKD remain unclear, largely due to inadequate adherence in most clinical trials. We examined whether low-protein rice (LPR) previously developed to reduce the protein content of rice, a major staple food, would help improve adherence to dietary protein restriction.

Methods
This open-label, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of LPR use for reducing dietary protein intake (DPI) in patients with CKD stages G3aA2–G4. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to an LPR or control group and were followed up for 24 weeks. Both groups received regular counseling by dietitians to help achieve a target DPI of 0.7 g/kg ideal body weight (IBW) per day. The amount of protein in LPR is about 4% of that in ordinary rice, and the participants in the LPR group were instructed to consume LPR with at least two meals per day. The primary outcome was estimated dietary protein intake (eDPI) determined using the Maroni formula. The secondary outcomes included creatinine clearance (CCr) and urinary protein on the basis of 24-hour urine collection.

Results
In total, 51 patients were randomized to either the LPR group or the control group. At baseline, mean age was 62.5 years, 70% were men, mean CCr was 52.0 ml/min, and mean eDPI was 0.99 g/kg IBW per day. At 24 weeks, mean eDPI decreased to 0.80 g/kg IBW per day in the LPR group and to 0.91 g/kg IBW per day in the control group, giving a between-group difference of 0.11 g/kg IBW per day (95% confidence interval, 0.03 to 0.19 g/kg IBW per day; P=0.006). There was no significant between-group difference in CCr, but urinary protein was lower at 24 weeks in the LPR group than in the control group.

Conclusions
LPR is a feasible tool for efficiently reducing DPI in patients with CKD.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
Randomized, Multicenter, Controlled Study for the Efficacy of Low-Protein Rice Diet in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, UMIN000015630
ПУБЛІЧНІ МЕХАНІЗМИ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙ У ФОРМУВАННІ КАДРОВОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ГАЛУЗІ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я
Authors: Havrychenko Dmytro 
Published: October 2022

У статті обґрунтовано, що ефективне формування кадрового потенціалу та управління ним має вирішальне значення для досягнення кращих результатів і доступу до медичної допомоги в усьому світі. Метою статті є визначення стратегічних пріоритетів формування кадрового потенціалу системи охорони здоров’я для підвищення ефективності вітчизняної медичної галузі та досягнення сталого розвитку країни. Методичною базою для дослідження є прикладні дослідження ВООЗ, ОЕСР, Міжнародного економічного форуму, Міністерства охорони здоров’я. Визначено головні індикатори розвитку охорони здоров’я (громадське здоров’я, доступ до лікарських засобів, надання послуг в охороні здоров’я та фінансування, кадрові ресурси системи охорони здоров’я) та ключові проблеми громадського здоров’я. На основі оцінки показників розподілу дефіциту медичних кадрів за регіонами (лікарів, медсестер), співвідношення медичного персоналу, щільності лікарів в міських та сільських районах, міграційних процесів доведено, що формування та розвиток кадрового потенціалу галузі проводиться відповідно до особливостей та показників наукового, соціального, економічного і культурного розвитку кожного суспільства і на підставі нагальних потреб. Узагальнено публічні важелі, які використовуються для впливу на вибір місця практики лікарів. Досліджено проведені трансформації публічних механізмів країн світу в сфері забезпечення кадровими ресурсами системи охорони здоров’я. На основі аналізу світового та вітчизняного кадрового забезпечення медичної галузі визначено стратегічні напрямки вирішення глобальної нестачі медичних працівників: запровадження «Глобальний кодекс практики ВООЗ щодо міжнародного набору медичного персоналу», зміцнення міжнародне співробітництва; збільшення можливості підготовки кадрів у країнах, щоб зменшити внутрішній дефіцит та неправильний розподіл за географічними районами чи спеціальностями, щоб уникнути залежності від міжнародного найму; забезпечення медичним працівникам-мігрантам рівних умов праці; упорядкування процедури визнання іноземних кваліфікацій; посилення міжнародного співробітництва.