bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A qualitative study on resource barriers facing scaled container-based sanitation service chains
Authors: Ferguson Charlie , Mallory Adrian , Anciano Fiona , Russell Kory , Valladares Hellen del Rocio Lopez , Riungu Joy , Parker Alison 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Container-based sanitation (CBS) is an increasingly recognised form of off-grid sanitation provision appropriate for impoverished urban environments. To ensure a safely managed and sustainable service, a managing organisation must implement a service chain that performs robustly and cost-effectively, even with an expanding customer base. These ‘CBS operators’ adopt varying approaches to achieve this objective. Following research including interviews with representatives from six current CBS operators, this paper presents a generalised diagrammatic model of a CBS service chain and discusses the three broad thematic challenges currently faced by these organisations. Supplying cover material is a universal problem with hidden challenges when taking advantage of freely available resources. There is no universally applicable approach for the efficient collection of faecal waste despite the high labour costs of waste collection. The best strategy depends on the CBS operator's overall expansion strategy and the location of fixed features within the served community. Although CBS is technically well-suited to being turned into new products within the circular economy, in practice, this requires a diverse range of skills from CBS operators and is hampered by slow growth in other organic waste recovery services and unhelpful regulation.
Effect of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Candida albicans, Candida
dubliniensis and Candida guilliermondii
Authors: Madani Mahboobeh , Shakib Pegah , Masoumizadeh Mahnaz , Fatahian Soheil 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Candida species are the most important fungal pathogens and are sometimes
considered the fourth most common cause of infection in hospitals. Today, research needs to be conducted
on the antifungal effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) due to toxicity, side effects, and drug
interactions of antifungal chemical drugs.

Objective:
Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the antifungal activity of AgNPs on Candida
albicans, Candida dubliniensis, and Candida guilliermondii.

Methodology:
Antifungal activity of AgNPs on Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, and Candida
guilliermondii was assessed by agar and macrodilution diffusion methods in an in-vitro investigation.
Structural changes were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Then, the obtained data
were evaluated by SPSS statistical software.

Results:
Based on the results, the mean diameter of growth inhibition halos by AgNPs was equal to
20, 20.2, and 40.7mm for Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, and Candida guilliermondii, respectively.
The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) equal 62.50, 31.25, and 15.62 mg/ml for Candida
albicans, Candida dubliniensis, and Candida guilliermondii, respectively. The minimum fungicidal
concentrations (MFC) were equal to 125, 62.50, and 31.25 mg/ml for Candida albicans, Candida
dubliniensis, and Candida guilliermondii, respectively.

Conclusion:
Our results revealed that AgNPs inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, Candida
dubliniensis, and Candida guilliermondii. SEM observations also showed that NPs disrupted cell
membrane/wall. Changes in yeast levels from smooth to uneven were also observed.
HSC and miRNA Regulation with Implication for Foetal Haemoglobin
Induction in Beta Haemoglobinopathies
Authors: Okeke Chinwe , Silas Ufele , Nnodu Obiageli , Clementina Odoh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common haemoglobinopathies worldwide, with up
to 70 % of global SCD annual births occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. Reports have shown that 50 to 80
% of affected children in these countries die annually. Efforts geared towards understanding and controlling
HbF production in SCD patients could lead to strategies for effective control of globin gene expression
and therapeutic approaches that could be beneficial to individuals with haemoglobinopathies. Hemopoietic
stem cells (HSCs) are characterized by a specific miRNA signature in every state of differentiation.
The role of miRNAs has become evident both in the maintenance of the “stemness” and in the early
induction of differentiation by modulation of the expression of the master pluripotency genes and during
early organogenesis. miRNAs are extra regulatory mechanisms in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) via
influencing transcription profiles together with transcript stability. miRNAs have been reported to be used
to reprogram primary somatic cells toward pluripotency. Their involvement in cell editing holds the potential
for therapy for many genetic diseases. This review provides a snapshot of miRNA involvement in
cell fate decisions, haemoglobin induction pathway, and their journey as some emerge prime targets for
therapy in beta haemoglobinopathies.
Angiogenic and Migratory Gene Expression Analysis of Stem Cells From
Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth for Wound Repair Application
Authors: Aziz Nur Syazwani , Azlina Ahmad , Yusop Norhayati 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The migration and differentiation of stem cells take place during the reparative
phase of the healing cascade. Chemokine ligands and receptors are the key players in the homing process
during the early stage of capillary morphogenesis. Stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth are known
to possess a huge potential benefit for tissue regeneration. However, the gene expression of SHED engaging
in angiogenesis and migratory activity during tissue healing is not fully understood. This study aims
to assess the gene expression of SHED following in-vitro angiogenesis and migratory induction protocol.

Methods:
Scratch test assay was conducted following an angiogenic induction of SHED by supplementation
of EGM-2 and VEGF. For the detection of migratory cell markers, angiogenic markers, and stem cell
markers, RNA samples were extracted on days 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 after the angiogenic induction in a
transwell chamber, followed by RT-PCR analysis.

Results:
The findings suggested that SHED formed endothelial cells at higher capacity under an immature
state with higher seeding density. SHED undergoing angiogenesis and migratory activity showed elevated
IL-8, CCR1, CXCR4, and CCL28 expression. CCR1 expression significantly increased in the A+M+
group (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
The gene expression of these chemokines, particularly CCR1, which closely represent cellular
migration, suggests the potential use of SHED for cell-based therapy to enhance tissue repair.
Kesulitan siswa SMA dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika pada materi peluang
Authors: Fitri Annisa , Abadi Agus Maman 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis kesulitan siswa SMA dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika pada materi peluang di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 284 siswa SMA kelas XI Program IPA di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Indonesia, yang berasal dari sepuluh sekolah dengan kategori tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Sampel penelitian ditentukan menggunakan teknik stratified propotional random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes yang telah divalidasi oleh ahli (expert judgement). Kesalahan siswa dijustifikasi berdasarkan Newman’s errors categories. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika pada materi peluang yaitu kesulitan memahami masalah (comprehension errors) sebanyak 64,1%; kesulitan melakukan transformasi (transformations errors) sebanyak 71,1%; kesulitan keterampilan proses (processing skill errors) sebanyak 89,4%; dan kesulitan menarik kesimpulan (encoding errors) sebanyak 94%. AbstractThis study aimed to describe the types of difficulties high school students in solving mathematics problems on probability material in Indragiri Hilir Regency. This study includes a survey with quantitative and qualitative approaches. The research sample was 284 eleventh-grade high school students in the science program on Indragiri Hilir Regency, Indonesia, from ten schools with high, medium, and low categories. The research sample was determined using a stratified proportional random sampling technique. The instrument used was a test that has been validated by an expert. Students’ errors were justified based on Newman’s errors categories. The results showed that the types of students’ difficulties in solving mathematics problems on the probability material, namely: difficulty in understanding the problem (comprehension errors) as many as 64.1%; difficulty in making transformations (transformation errors) as many as 71.1%; difficulty in process skill (processing skill errors) as many as 89.4%; and difficulty in concluding (encoding errors) as many as 94%.
Tahap berpikir geometri siswa SMP berdasarkan teori Van Hiele ditinjau dari keterampilan geometri
Authors: Susanto Sdyoko , Mahmudi Ali 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tahap berpikir geometri siswa SMP menurut teori Van Hiele ditinjau dari keterampilan geometri. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Sampel penelitian adalah sembilan siswa kelas VIII dari tiga SMP Negeri Kota Sampit yang dipilih menggunakan teknik stratified proportional random sampling dan dilanjutkan dengan purposive sampling. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap subyek setelah diberikan tes keterampilan geometri. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif secara interaktif maju berkelanjutan di antara pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, triangulasi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa: (1) keterampilan geometri siswa beragam pada tiap tahap berpikir geometri; (2) keterampilan verbal dan keterampilan menggambar merupakan keterampilan yang banyak dikuasai subjek; (3) keterampilan verbal merupakan keterampilan yang paling sulit bagi siswa; (4) tahap berpikir geometri siswa SMP kelas VIII SMP Negeri Sampit adalah 43,6% siswa berada di tahap 0 (visualisasi), 35,1% siswa di tahap 1 (analisis), dan 21,3% siswa di tahap 2 (deduksi informal).AbstractThis study aimed to describe the geometric thinking stages of junior high school students according to van Hiele's theory in terms of geometry skills. This type of research is descriptive using a qualitative approach. The research sample was nine 8th grade students from three public junior high schools in Sampit City, Indonesia, who were selected using a stratified proportional random sampling technique and followed by purposive sampling. Research data were collected through in-depth interviews with subjects after being given a geo­metry skills test. The data analysis technique was an interactively qualitative, continuous process between data collection, data reduction, data presentation, data triangulation, and concluding. The results of the study revealed that: (1) students' geometry skills varied at each stage of geometric thinking; (2) verbal and drawing were the skills that mastered mainly by subjects; (3) verbal skill was the most difficult for students; (4) the geometric thinking stage of students was 43.6% of students in stage 0 (visualization), 35.1% of students in stage 1 (analysis), and 21.3% of students in stage 2 (informal deduction).
Pengembangan model pembelajaran creative problem solving terintegrasi TPACK untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah
Authors: Waluyo Edy , Nuraini Nuraini 
Published: February 2022

Guru perlu menerapkan model pembelajaran yang mampu mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving (CPS) terintegrasi TPACK untuk mengembangkan dan meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembangan Borg Gall. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII Sekolah Menengah Petama di Lombok Timur yang berjumlah 30 siswa, yang terdiri dari 12 siswa laki laki dan 18 siswa perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data meliputi pedoman validasi desain pembelajaran CPS terintegrasi TPACK, angket kepraktisan dan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada materi geometri. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan analisis validasi, produk yang dikembangkan termasuk kategori valid yang ditunjukkan oleh skor rata-rata validasi produk oleh 3 ahli yaitu ahli bahasa, ahli materi dan ahli teknologi pembelajaran berturut turut 79,4; 79,9; dan 80,8. Begitu pula dari segi kepraktisan, produk yang dikembangkan juga tergolong praktis dengan rata-rata skor kepraktisan 82,67. Produk juga tergolong efektif dengan persentase keefektifan sebesar 86,67% . Produk yang dikembangkan mempunyai efek potensial dalam kategori tinggi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah matematika dengan N-Gain sebesar 0,81.AbstractTeachers need to apply teaching models that enable students to develop high order thinking skills and student problem-solving skills. This research aims to develop TPACK's integrated creative problem solving (CPS) teaching model to improve students' ability to solve problems. This research was developmental research applying Borg Gall development model. The sample was 30 grade VII students of a State Junior High School, in Lombok Timur, Indonesia, consisting of 12 male and 18 female students. The instruments used to collect the data include TPACK integrated CPS learning design validation guidelines, practicality questionnaires, and troubleshooting tests on geometric materials. The data analysis used descriptive analysis. Based on the validation analysis, the developed model was in a valid category as indicated by the average score of product validation by three experts: a linguist, materials expert, and learning technology expert, with scores of 79.4, 79.9, and 80.8 consecutively. Similarly, in terms of practicality, the developed model is also relatively practical with an average practicality score of 82.67. The model is also classified as effective, with an effectiveness percentage of 86.67%. It has a potential effect in the high category to improve students' ability to solve mathematic problems with an n-gain of 0.81.
International Technologies on Prevention and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases: Bibliometric Analysis of Patents
Authors: Zheng Fuhao , Wang Ling , Zeng Zhaonan , Wu Siying 
Published: February 2022

Background
Neurological and psychiatric disorders are serious and expensive global public health problems. Therefore, exploring effective intervention technologies plays an important role in improving patients’ clinical symptoms and social functions, as well as reducing medical burden.

Objective
The aim of this study is to analyze and summarize the key new technologies and innovative development trends witnessed globally for neurological illness and psychiatric disorders by mining the relevant patent data.

Methods
A bibliometric analysis was conducted on patent applications, priority countries, main patentees, hot technologies, and other patent information on neurological and psychiatric disorders, revealing the current situation along with the trend of technology development in this field.

Results
In recent years, inventions and innovations related to neurological and psychiatric diseases have become very active, with China being the largest patent priority country. Of the top patent holders, Visicu (headquartered in the United States) is the leader. The distribution of patent holders in China remains relatively scattered, with no monopoly organization at present. Global technologies on neurological illness and psychiatric disorders are mainly concentrated around A61B (diagnosis, surgery, and identification).

Conclusions
This paper analyzed and summarized the key new technologies and global innovative development trends of neurological and psychiatric diseases by mining the relevant patent data, and provides practical references and research perspectives for the prevention and treatment of the aforesaid diseases.
Understanding the Potential of Mental Health Apps to Address Mental Health Needs of the Deaf and Hard of Hearing Community: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Borghouts Judith , Neary Martha , Palomares Kristina , De Leon Cinthia , Schueller Stephen M , Schneider Margaret , Stadnick Nicole , Mukamel Dana B , Sorkin Dara H , Brown Dakota , McCleerey-Hooper Shannon , Moriarty Gloria , Eikey Elizabeth V 
Published: February 2022

Background
Mental health concerns are a significant issue among the deaf and hard of hearing (D/HH) community, but community members can face several unique challenges to accessing appropriate resources.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the mental health needs of the D/HH community and how mental health apps may be able to support these needs.

Methods
A total of 10 members of the D/HH community participated in a focus group and survey to provide their perspectives and experiences. Participants were members of the Center on Deafness Inland Empire team, which comprises people with lived experience as members of and advocates for the D/HH community.

Results
Findings identified a spectrum of needs for mental health apps, including offering American Sign Language and English support, increased education of mental health to reduce stigma around mental health, direct communication with a Deaf worker, and apps that are accessible to a range of community members in terms of culture, resources required, and location.

Conclusions
These findings can inform the development of digital mental health resources and outreach strategies that are appropriate for the D/HH community.
Patterns of emergency department visits preceding colorectal cancer diagnosis: a population-based study
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Omar , Tang Patricia A , Ghosh Sunita , Scarfe Andrew 
Published: February 2022

Aim:
To assess the patterns of emergency department (ED) visits in the 3 months preceding a diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) in a real-world, population-based context.
Materials & methods:
Linked provincial registries in Alberta, Canada, were accessed and patients with CRC diagnosed between 2004 and 2018 were identified. The National Ambulatory Care reporting system was used to identify patients who visited an ED within 3 months of a diagnosis of CRC. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with any ED visits as well as frequent (≥3) ED visits.
Results:
A total of 25,310 patients with CRC were included in the current study. These include 10,126 patients (40%) who had at least one visit to the ED in the 3 months before a diagnosis of CRC diagnosis and 613 patients (2.4%) who visited the ED multiple (≥3) times. The following factors were associated with any visit to an ED: older age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.010; 95% CI: 1.008–1.012), female gender (OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.16–1.30), higher comorbidity index (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.35–1.41), metastatic disease (OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 2.23–2.53), proximal tumors (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.50–1.68) and North zone (OR vs south zone: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.55–1.98).
Conclusion:
It is not uncommon for CRC patients to visit the ED at least once in the 3 months prior to having such a diagnosis. Factors associated with frequent pre diagnosis emergency visits included female gender, higher burden of comorbid disease, advanced stage, proximal tumors and living in the North zone of Alberta (where there is limited access to specialist care).
Application of The AWBA Method in Oyster Mushroom Farmers to Reduce Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Fathimahhayati Lina Dianati , Pawitra Theresia Amelia , Tambunan Willy , Hartono Markus , Sari Fisca Riana 
Published: February 2022

WMSD frequently occurs in agriculture works, because the working conditions that require awkward posture in standing or sitting position as well as lifting and carrying heavy loads. Preliminary study showed that oyster mushroom farmers experienced pain in several of body parts especially their waist. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the working posture of oyster mushroom farmers using AWBA (Agriculture Whole Body Assessment) and provide recommendation to reduce risk of musculoskeletal disorder. AWBA evaluates working posture and duration of upper (AULA) and lower extremities (ALLA). The result showed that activity of oyster mushroom production was risky, since 46,7% of all activities were categorized as “very high” and “high” level. Skor of AWBA posture correlated significantly with ALLA (0.812) and and AULA (0,56). Regression analysis showed that AWBA positively correlated with AULA and ALLA. Duration analysis showed that 86,7% working duration were classified as “very high”. The riskiest activity was harvested mushroom from top shelf. Furthermore, distribution and mixing raw materials, taking out baglog from sterilizer, harvesting mushroom from middle shelf, and packaging mushroom into plastic bag also risky activities, since the duration and posture measurement were classified as very high and high, respectively. Recommendation for reducing WMSD were redesigning working area and facilities of oyster mushroom production, such as design ergonomics baglogs’ shelves so that farmers position when reached the baglog was neutral, utilizing table and chair with suitable height in filling media into baglog, inoculation, releasing baglogs’ ring, and packaging activities.
Usulan Penerapan Metode Lean Project Management Pada Pembangunan Pelebaran Gedung Gitet Cilegon Baru PT. PLN (Persero)
Authors: Sahrupi Sahrupi , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Harisni Muhammad Uzan 
Published: February 2022

The project construction of 2nd floors of GITET Cilegon Building at PT. PLN Persero run is not optimal. Delay is one of the waste occurs in the construction. This research aims to optimize the project construction with a lean thinking approach. Lean Project Management is a method used to obtain an optimal project schedule. Delay factors among others delay in material arrival, bad weather, and broken equipment. The highest risk potential was Acts of God and Natural Hazard such as rain, flood, or natural disasters. The recommendations for improvements to this problem are the switch of work that is material constrained, switch of work if any bad weather occurs. The results of the study obtained a time efficiency value of 33 days so that the work execution time could be accelerated to 156 days from the previous 189 days. The time efficiency contributes to project costs with an efficiency value of IDR 374.400.000.