bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between variant rs9939609 in the FTO gene with free leptin index and the risk of obesity in the Indonesian children population
Authors: Lubis Siska Mayasari , Fattah Miswar , Batubara Jose R. L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have reported that fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), especially thers9939609polymorphism, are associated with obesity and high leptin levels. The free leptin index (FLI) is known to be accurate in determining the function of leptin. The aim of this study was to determine the association between thers9939609variant in the FTO gene and FLI and the risk of obesity among children living in Medan, Indonesia.MethodsThis case–control study included 212 children aged 6–12 years who were genotyped for variants of thers9939609FTO gene. The case group consisted of children with obesity who were < 6 years old, and the control group had a normal body mass index and came from the Bataknese or Chinese ethnicities. Anthropometric measurements were performed. Serum leptin and soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) levels were measured. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine the risk of having obesity associated with the risk allele.ResultsIn this study, there was no significant association between leptin, soluble leptin receptor, or free leptin index and thers9939609FTO gene; however, the risk allele (A) of FTO rs9939609 had a significant association with obesity in Chinese ethnicity subjects (p < 0.05). TheAA/ATgenotype had an increased risk of FLI 5.889 times compared to theTTgenotype. Multivariate analysis showed that thers9939609polymorphism in the FTO gene played a role in obesity through the FLI.ConclusionIt was concluded that thers9939609polymorphism played a significant role in obesity through FLI. Further studies are still needed.
Impact of the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic on Radiotherapy Practice at Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Tibdewal Anil , Pathak Rima , Kumar Anuj , Anand Sachith , Ghosh Laskar Sarbani , Sarin Rajiv , Chopra Supriya , Engineer Reena , Laskar Siddharth , Murthy Vedang , Gupta Tejpal , Agarwal Jai Prakash 
Published: July 2022

PURPOSEDelivery of cancer care during the pandemic required adopting various changes in the standard management. We analyzed the impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on radiation oncology treatment practices at Tata Memorial Hospital in India.MATERIALS AND METHODSFrom March 1 to October 31, 2020, all consecutive patients who attended the radiation oncology department for radiotherapy treatment were included in this study. Electronic medical records, patient files, and telephonic consult were used to collect patient's data including changes in the standard treatment practice, COVID-19 testing and its results, and subsequent impact on radiotherapy treatment. Comparison was done with the same period data of 2019 for the number of the caseload, radiotherapy regimen, referral rates, and noncompliance rates.RESULTSOur study included 4,256 patients with a median age of 52 years (interquartile range 41-61 years). There was a significant drop in the new-patient registrations (approximately 63%), radiotherapy consultations (44.9%), and referrals to other centers (27.8%). The reduction in the caseload was highest for genitourinary cases (–58.5%) and the lowest for breast cases (–11.5%) when compared with the 2019 cohort. Among those treated with radical intent, the noncompliance rate was 15%. Hypofractionation was the commonly adopted regimen across all sites. Compared with 2019, the maximum reduction in the average fractions per patient was seen in the breast cancer cases (–8.2 fraction), followed by genitourinary cases (–4.9 fraction). Of the 27.8% of patients tested for COVID-19, 13.4% turned positive and 3.4% died due to the disease.CONCLUSIONThe COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected the number of radiotherapy consultations and treatments at our institute. However, our department offered uninterrupted services despite grave challenges. Hypofractionated regimen was used across disease sites to minimize patient visits and allow planned treatment completion. Radiotherapy was delivered safely, and patients experienced low rates of COVID positivity during radiotherapy and even lower mortality.
Inward Turns, Then and Now
Authors: Des Forges Alexander 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The term involution has been used to characterize economic development and state formation in eighteenth- through twentieth-century China; more recently, it has seen unprecedented popularity in Chinese-language social media as a representation of the lived experience of individuals in the contemporary era. In each of these cases, the trope of involution implies a judgment on the productivity of labor and resources invested and is often tied to discourses of “Chinese uniqueness.” In Sinological circles as in social media, however, the dynamics that involution claims to represent are better explained through Malthusian approaches to the problem of population increase and Marxist understandings of the relationship between capital and labor: the dynamics in question are not unique to China but typical of broader movements in the world system. I argue nonetheless that the rhetoric of involution deserves closer investigation, and focus particular attention on involution's origins in the field of aesthetics and the rise of involutionary parallelism in the Ming-Qing examination essay. It is here that the dynamics of cultural capital that dominate in the Ming and Qing anticipate the effects of surveillance capital in the twenty-first century. When a so-called eight-legged essay folds back into its own prose both literally and figuratively, can we simply dismiss the complex interiority that results? Or does it speak as well to our contemporary anxieties about individual identity in the age of algorithms?
Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying plasma membrane functionality and integrity
Authors: Vasconcelos-Cardoso Maria , Batista-Almeida Daniela , Rios-Barros Laura Valeria , Castro-Gomes Thiago , Girao Henrique 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThe plasma membrane not only protects the cell from the extracellular environment, acting as a selective barrier, but also regulates cellular events that originate at the cell surface, playing a key role in various biological processes that are essential for the preservation of cell homeostasis. Therefore, elucidation of the mechanisms involved in the maintenance of plasma membrane integrity and functionality is of utmost importance. Cells have developed mechanisms to ensure the quality of proteins that inhabit the cell surface, as well as strategies to cope with injuries inflicted to the plasma membrane. Defects in these mechanisms can lead to the development or onset of several diseases. Despite the importance of these processes, a comprehensive and holistic perspective of plasma membrane quality control is still lacking. To tackle this gap, in this Review, we provide a thorough overview of the mechanisms underlying the identification and targeting of membrane proteins that are to be removed from the cell surface, as well as the membrane repair mechanisms triggered in both physiological and pathological conditions. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying protein quality control at the plasma membrane can reveal promising and unanticipated targets for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches.
Effect of Catalyst Support in B12-Based Heterogeneous Catalysts for Catalytic Alkane Oxidations
Authors: Cheng Jiamin , Matsumoto Hikaru , Shichijo Keita , Miura Yoshiko , Shimakoshi Hisashi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysts composed of a vitamin B12 derivative with a polymer or mesoporous silica were synthesized and characterized. These two types of catalysts were used in alkane oxidation reactions with mCPBA oxidant, and improved catalytic efficiency was obtained using the polymer supported B12 catalyst with a monolith structure compared to that of the monomeric B12 catalyst. The catalytic effects were also evaluated in several alkane substrates and the polymer supported B12 catalyst showed a better performance in all reactions compared to the silica-supported B12 catalyst.
The disconnect between researcher ambitions and reality in achieving impact in the Earth & Environmental Sciences – author survey
Authors: Kelly Andrew , Gardner Victoria , Gilbert Anna 
Published: July 2022

Background: There is an increasing desire for research to provide solutions to the grand challenges facing our global society, such as those expressed in the UN SDGs (“real-world impact”). Herein, we undertook an author survey to understand how this desire influenced the choice of research topic, choice of journal, and preferred type of impact. Methods: We conducted a survey of authors who had published in >100 of our Earth & Environmental Science journals. The survey was sent to just under 60,000 authors and we received 2,695 responses (4% response rate). Results: Respondents indicated that the majority of their research (74%) is currently concerned with addressing urgent global needs, whilst 90% of respondents indicated that their work either currently contributed to meeting real-world problems or that it would be a priority for them in the future; however, the impetus for this research focus seems to be altruistic researcher desire, rather than incentives or support from publishers, funders, or their institutions. Indeed, when contextualised within existing reward and incentive structures, respondents indicated that citations or downloads were more important to them than contributing to tackling real-world problems. Conclusions: At present, it seems that the laudable and necessary ambition of researchers in the Earth & Environmental Sciences to contribute to the tackling of real-world problems, such as those included in the UN SDGs, is seemingly being lost amidst the realities of being a researcher, owing to the prioritisation of other forms of impact, such as citations and downloads.
Clinical case of acute intestinal objection caused by a foreign body
Authors: Benedyct V. , Prodan A. , Bahrii V. 
Published: July 2022

Acute intestinal obstruction of various genesis remains one of the complex and urgent problems of emergency surgery. The reasons for unsatisfactory treatment results are late medical treatment and old age of such patients. The aim of the study was to shed light on a clinical case of acute intestinal obstruction on the background of diverticulosis of the distal colon.
The patient K. was treated in 75 years with the analysis of X-ray examination X-ray, ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity, computed tomography of the abdominal cavity. The diagnosis was: acute obstructive intestinal obstruction in the stage of decompensation on the background of concomitant pathology: Diverticulosis of the sigmoid and descending intestine. Diverticulitis. The patient underwent surgery: upper-middle laparotomy, total nasogastrointestinal intubation, retrograde intubation of the colon, suspended sigmostoma, drainage of the abdominal cavity. In the postoperative period for 3 days in the fecal mass found a foreign body – a polyethylene film measuring 35x50 cm.
Thus, conducting a dynamic X-ray and sonographic examination in patients with acute obstruction of the digestive tract allows to confirm the presence of this pathology, but does not always help to establish the cause of this disease.
Early echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function may be prognostically informative in unresuscitated patients with sepsis: A prospective observational study
Authors: Ehrman Robert R. , Favot Mark J. , Harrison Nicholas E. , Khait Lyudmila , Ottenhoff Jakob E. , Welch Robert D. , Levy Phillip D. , Sherwin Robert L. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
The goal of this study was to explore the association cardiac function at Emergency Department (ED) presentation prior to the initiation of resuscitation, and its change at 3-hours, with adverse outcomes in patients with sepsis.

Methods
This was a prospective observational study of patients presenting to an urban ED with suspected sepsis. Patients had a point-of-care echocardiogram performed prior to initiation of resuscitation and again 3 hours later. Left-ventricular (LV) parameters recorded included e’, and E/e’, and ejection fraction (EF); right-ventricular (RV) function was evaluated using tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). Logistic and generalized linear regression were used to assess the association of echocardiographic parameters and ≥ 2-point increase in SOFA score at 24 hours (primary outcome) and 24-hours SOFA score and in-hospital mortality (secondary outcomes).

Results
For ΔSOFA ≥ 2 and 24-hour SOFA score, declining LVEF was associated with better outcomes in patients with greater baseline SOFA scores, but worse outcomes in patients with lower baseline scores. A similar relationship was found for ΔTAPSE at 3 hours. Reduced LVEF at presentation was associated with increased mortality after adjusting for ED SOFA score (odds-ratio (OR) 0.76 (CI 0.60–0.96). No relationship between diastolic parameters and outcomes was found. IVF administration was similar across ΔLVEF/TAPSE sub-groups.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that early change in LV and RV systolic function are independently prognostic of sepsis illness severity at 24-hours. Further study is needed to determine if this information can be used to guide treatment and improve outcomes.
Impact of rigid gas-permeable contact lens on keratometric indices and corneal thickness of keratoconus eyes examined with anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Akiyama Kaho , Ono Takashi , Ishii Hitoha , Chen Lily Wei , Kitamoto Kohdai , Toyono Tetsuya , Yoshida Junko , Aihara Makoto , Miyai Takashi 
Published: July 2022

Purpose/Aim
Detecting keratoconus (KC) progression helps determine the surgical indication for corneal cross-linking (CXL). This retrospective observational study aimed to examine changes in keratometric indices and corneal thickness in patients with KC who used rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses.

Materials and methods
This study involved 31 eyes (31 patients) diagnosed with KC. No patient had used RGP or any other type of contact lenses for at least 1 month. Corneal topographic data were obtained using three-dimensional anterior segment optical coherence tomography before and after >1 month of RGP lens use.

Results
The average and maximum keratometry values changed after using an RGP lens (-1.05 ± 1.92 D, p < 0.01 and -1.65 ± 4.20 D, p = 0.04, respectively); the spherical component of the anterior corneal surface became significantly smaller (p = 0.02). No change was observed in the central or thinnest corneal thickness values. Keratometric changes were greater in eyes with severe KC than in those with moderate KC (p = 0.014).

Conclusions
Keratometry and spherical components of the anterior corneal surface values decreased after RGP lens use; keratometric changes were greater in eyes with severe KC than in those with moderate KC. Corneal progression indices, including corneal thickness, posterior keratometry, and irregular astigmatism values, mostly remained unchanged. It is important to consider these findings when evaluating corneal topography of KC and preparing CXL.
Exploring alternative cytokines as potential biomarkers for latent tuberculosis infection in pregnant women
Authors: Indrati Agnes Rengga , Sumarpo Anton , Atmadja Petty , Wisesa Rositha Ratna , Ghozali Mohammad , Judistiani Raden Tina Dewi , Setiabudiawan Budi 
Published: July 2022

Background
Interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) are widely used to determine latent tuberculosis infection status. However, its pregnancy-affected performance and cost-expensive nature warrants for different alternatives for pregnant women. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of several alternative cytokines, including interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) to identify latent tuberculosis status in pregnant women.

Materials and methods
123 pregnant womens were recruited for this study. The IGRA status was determined by using QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube. Meanwhile, we measured the level IL-2, IL-10, and IP-10 by using sandwich-microELISA method. We performed normality and comparison test by SPSS. In addition, receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) analyses and the optimal cutoff scores were identified using the EasyROC webtool.

Results
We showed that IL-2, IL-10, and IP-10 were able to discriminate between IGRA-negative and IGRA-positive pregnant women. Moreover, IP-10 showed the highest discriminatory and diagnostic performance when compared to IL-2 and IL-10 with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.96 and cutoff point of 649.65 pg/mL.

Conclusions
Our study showed that IP-10 can be considered as a promising alternative biomarker for IGRAs to diagnose LTBI in pregnant women.
Study protocol of guided mobile-based perinatal mindfulness intervention (GMBPMI) - a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ng Siu-man , Leng Ling Li , Chan Ka Po , Lo Hay-ming Herman , Yeung Albert , Lu Shuang , Wang Amenda , Li Hui Yun 
Published: July 2022

Background
Psychological distress is a common occurrence among women during the perinatal period. Maternal psychological distress (MPS) can also have a negative influence on neonatal outcomes such as infant health, child development or mother-child interaction. Hence, interventions to improve mental wellbeing during this period are vital. Mindfulness based intervention (MBI) has been found to be effective in reducing psychological distress. Delivery of MBI via the internet, making it accessible and inexpensive, is showing a promising positive effect in reducing psychological distress. A randomized control trial with sufficient power is required to confirm its positive effect among pregnant women. The positive effects of MBI have been found to be associated with heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback; however, the efficacy of MBI on HRV has been rarely studied among pregnant women. Also, the potential association of HRV with MBI and psychological wellbeing needs further examination. This research aims to test the effectiveness of guided mobile-based perinatal mindfulness intervention (GMBPMI) among pregnant women experiencing psychological distress during the pre- and post-natal period, as well as examining the efficacy of GMBPMI on HRV.

Method
This study is a randomized controlled trial that follows a parallel design. Consenting pregnant women in their second trimester (between 12th and 20th week gestation) will be randomly assigned to an intervention group (GMBPMI) or a control group (psychoeducation). The intended sample size is 198, with 99 participants in each group. Three levels of outcomes will be measured at baseline, post intervention in both the intervention and control groups, and at 36-week gestation and five-week postpartum. The primary outcomes include maternal psychological stress, mindfulness and positive appraisal HRV. Secondary outcomes are psychological and physical wellbeing. Tertiary outcomes include obstetric and neonatal outcomes, and social support. Analyses will follow an intention-to-treat method and repeated measures MANOVA will be conducted to compare changes in primary and secondary outcomes. A series of mixed-effects models will be fitted to assess the mediation effects.

Discussion
This trial expects to increase understanding of GMBPMI on HRV and psychological wellbeing for pregnant women, with extended support in both pre-and post-natal periods. The study could also potentially provide evidence for delivery of cost-effective and accessible services to pregnant women.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04876014, registered on 30 March 2021. Protocol Version 1.0., 10 May 2021.
Epidemiology of biopsy-proven Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis in children: A nationwide survey in Japan
Authors: Terano Chikako , Hamada Riku , Tatsuno Ichiro , Hamasaki Yuko , Araki Yoshinori , Gotoh Yoshimitsu , Nakanishi Koichi , Nakazato Hitoshi , Matsuyama Takeshi , Iijima Kazumoto , Yoshikawa Norishige , Kaneko Tetsuji , Ito Shuichi , Honda Masataka , Ishikura Kenji ,   on behalf of the Japanese Study Group of Renal Disease in Children
Published: July 2022

Background
Little is known about the epidemiology of Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN).

Methods
We conducted a nationwide epidemiological survey of Japanese children aged 1 to 15 years with HSPN. Children who were newly diagnosed with HSPN by biopsy between January 2013 and December 2015 were eligible for the survey to clarify the incidence of HSPN. We also conducted an institutional survey on kidney biopsy criteria and treatment protocols.

Results
A total of 353 of 412 institutions (85.7%) responded to the questionnaire. Of the 353 institutions, 174 reported to perform kidney biopsies at their institutions, and 563 children were diagnosed with HSPN. Considering the collection rate, the estimated incidence of biopsy-proven HSPN was 1.32 cases/100,000 children per year. The median age at biopsy was 7.0 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 1.2:1. The kidney biopsy criteria and treatment protocols for HSPN were as follows. Patients with acute kidney injury underwent biopsy at least one month after onset. For patients without kidney dysfunction, the timing for biopsy was determined by the amount of proteinuria. Regarding the treatment of HSPN, there were certain commonalities among the treatment protocols, they eventually differed depending on the institutions involved.

Conclusions
The incidence of biopsy-proven HSPN was 1.32 cases/100,000 children per year in Japan. The male-to-female ratio and date of diagnosis of HSPN were similar to those in previous studies. The kidney biopsy criteria and treatment protocols for HSPN varied among institutions. Further studies are warranted to establish an optimal treatment policy based on the prognosis.
Simultaneous presence of Mycoplasma salivarium and Tannerella forsythia in the implant sulcus after lateral augmentation with autogenous root grafts is associated with increased sulcus probing depth
Authors: Groß Karoline , Sahin Didem , Kohns Vasconcelos Malte , Pfeffer Klaus , Schwarz Frank , Henrich Birgit 
Published: July 2022

Objective
To characterize a potential pathogenic role of Mycoplasma salivarium and bacterial co-detection patterns on different implant augmentation types.

Material and methods
36 patients were non-randomly assigned to autogenous lateral alveolar ridge augmentation with either cortical autogenous bone blocks, or healthy autogenous tooth roots or non-preservable teeth. Mucosal inflammation was assessed by probing pocket depth (PD) at all sampling sites and by bleeding on probing (BOP) in a subset of sampling sites, and standardized biofilm samples were obtained from the submucosal peri-implant sulcus and sulcus of a contralateral tooth at two times (t1 after implant placement; t2 after six months). Seven bacterial species were quantified using Taqman PCR.

Results
Mucosal inflammation did not differ between augmentation groups, but peri-implant sulci showed increased abundance of M. salivarium after augmentation with autogenous tooth roots lasting for at least six months (t1 p = 0.05, t2 p = 0.011). In M. salivarium-positive samples, Tannerella forsythia was correlated with PD (R = 0.25, p = 0.035) This correlation was not observed in M. salivarium-negative samples. Compared to all other samples, PD was deeper in co-detection (i.e., simultaneous M. salivarium and T. forsythia) positive samples (p = 0.022). No association of single or co-detection of bacteria with BOP was observed.

Conclusion
Presence of M. salivarium in peri-implant sulci varies with augmentation method and is associated with increased PD but not BOP. A potential causal role of M. salivarium in inflammation through a mechanism involving co-presence of T. forsythia requires further study.