bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Side N2O Pathways in a Denitrification‐Nitrification Biofilm That Receives a Low COD/N Ratio
Authors: González-Barceló Oscar , Calva-Olvera Juan Antonio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiological nitrogen removal (BNR) as dinitrogen (N2) by simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SNdN) could be accompanied by side pathways that emit N2O. A biofilm was developed that could be used for BNR in a stream with a high ammonium content, e.g., the liquid fraction from digestate. The BNR reactions through the depth of the biofilm were integrated into a scheme. The objective was to achieve the oxygen‐limited autotrophic nitrification‐denitrification process in a biofilm with minimum emissions of N2O with respect to those of N2 by SNdN. This was shown in a laboratory rotating biological contactor, in which ca. 53 % of the influent ammonium ions was removed by anaerobic ammonium oxidation. Furthermore, less than 3 % ammonia loss was attributed to side autotrophic denitrification as N2O.
Metal Complexes of Singly, Doubly and Triply Linked Porphyrins and Corroles: An Insight into the Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Hazari Arijit Singha , Chandra Shubhadeep , Kar Sanjib , Sarkar Biprajit 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMetal complexes of multi‐porphyrins and multi‐corroles are unique systems that display a host of extremely interesting properties. Availability of free meso and β positions allow formation of different types of directly linked bis‐porphyrins giving rise to intriguing optical and electronic properties. While the fields of metalloporphyrin and corroles monomer have seen exponential growth in the last decades, the chemistry of metal complexes of bis‐porphyrins and bis‐corroles remain rather underexplored. Therefore, the impact of covalent linkages on the optical, electronic, (spectro)electrochemical, magnetic and electrocatalytic activities of metal complexes of bis‐porphyrins and ‐corroles has been summarized in this review article. This article shows that despite the (still) somewhat difficult synthetic access to these molecules, their extremely exciting properties do make a strong case for pursuing research on these classes of compounds.
Tuning the Photoluminescence Properties of β‐NaYF4:Yb,Er by Bi3+ Doping Strategy
Authors: Ding Yanli , Li Zhaohan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe low luminous efficiency of upconversion materials limits their practical applications in various fields. The present study focuses on the efficient upconversion enhancement of β‐NaYF4:Yb,Er induced by Bi3+ doping. The XRD and SEM results show that introducing Bi3+ into the matrix lattice changes the microstructure and particle size of the crystal. The photoluminescence spectra show that at 6% Bi3+ doping, the red and green emission intensities are enhanced by 12 and 8 times, respectively. The reason could be the lattice distortion caused by Bi3+ doping, breaking the partial forbidden transition of rare‐earth ions. The fluorescence lifetime measurement reveals that the Bi3+ doping changes the environment around erbium ions, affecting the energy level lifetime of erbium ions, explaining the luminescence dynamics law. The present study provides a facile route to achieve nano/microstructures with intense upconversion luminescence with potential applications in optoelectronic devices.
Lifestyle modifications and complementary treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: De Devea R. , Rick Jonathan W. , Shih Terri , Alavi Afsaneh , Hsiao Jennifer L. , Shi Vivian Y. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis with recurrent painful nodules and abscesses affecting the intertriginous areas. Patients often experience a significant negative impact on quality of life from associated pain, discharge, odor, scarring, and social stigma. Even with complex medical regimens, patients may report inadequate disease control. Lifestyle changes and complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) are used by a majority of HS patients. Conventional medicines and lifestyle and CAM modalities strategically incorporated together can increase treatment satisfaction and success.ObjectiveWe aim to highlight lifestyle and CAM treatment modalities to use alongside conventional treatment plans for HS patients.FindingsLifestyle modifications for HS patients include weight loss, reducing skin friction, smoking cessation, and stress reduction. Dietary modifications for HS patients include limiting foods containing dairy, Brewer's yeast, and simple carbohydrates, appropriate caloric reduction, and consuming foods in the Mediterranean diet. The CAM modalities studied in HS are vitamin D, niacinamide, vitamin B12, zinc, and magnesium. Potential CAM modalities for HS include probiotics, cannabinoids, turmeric, bathing regimens, and acupuncture.ConclusionThis review is a guide for clinicians to provide evidence‐based care for HS patients seeking non‐pharmacologic treatment modalities such as weight loss, clothing choices, dietary changes, and use of supplements and complementary medicine. Lifestyle and CAM modalities may be used in parallel with conventional medicines to synergistically improve patient disease outcomes.
Momentary associations between fear of weight gain and dietary restriction among individuals with binge‐spectrum eating disorders
Authors: Manasse Stephanie M. , Lampe Elizabeth W. , Srivastava Paakhi , Payne‐Reichert Adam , Mason Tyler B. , Juarascio Adrienne S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveFear of weight gain (FOWG) is increasingly implicated in the maintenance of binge‐spectrum eating disorders (EDs; e.g., bulimia nervosa [BN], binge‐eating disorder [BED]) through the pathway of increased dietary restriction. However, particularly in binge‐spectrum EDs, research is nascent and based on retrospective self‐report. To improve treatment outcomes, it is critical to better understand the momentary relations between FOWG and dietary restriction.MethodSixty‐seven adults with binge spectrum EDs completed a 7‐14‐day ecological momentary assessment protocol that included items regarding FOWG, ED behaviors, and types of dietary restriction (e.g., attempted restraint vs. actual restriction) several times per day. Multilevel models were used to evaluate reciprocal associations between FOWG and dietary restriction, and to evaluate the indirect of effects of dietary restriction on the relation between FOWG and binge eating.ResultsWhile main effects were not statistically significant, ED presentation significantly moderated the association between increases in FOWG at time1 and both attempted and actual avoidance of enjoyable foods at time2 such that those with BN‐spectrum EDs were more likely to avoid enjoyable foods following increased FOWG compared to those with BED‐spectrum EDs. Engagement in restriction at time1 was not associated with decreased FOWG at time2.DiscussionProspective associations between FOWG and restriction suggest that individuals with BN may be more likely to restrict their eating following increased FOWG. These findings suggest FOWG may be an important target for future treatments.
Pincer‐Type Mesoionic Carbene Nickel(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Properties, Reactions, and Catalytic Application to the Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reaction of Aryl Bromides
Authors: Matsubara Kouki , Tomomatsu Kanta , Tajiri Ayame , Watanabe Arisa , Koga Yuji , Ishikawa Ryuta , Yamada Yuji 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTridentate pincer‐type triazolylidene nickel(II) complexes have been prepared and characterized. Despite increasing interest in the new series of mesoionic carbene (MIC) ligands in the field of homogeneous catalysis, pincer‐type MIC metal complexes have rarely been used as catalysts, and there are few studies on MIC nickel complexes. Herein, MIC nickel(II) halide complexes were synthesized from their silver analogues and fully characterized. An anion exchange reaction with silver tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile gave a dicationic acetonitrile complex in good yield. A comparison of the structures and frontier orbitals between the MIC‐ and NHC‐nickel(II) chloride complexes has revealed that these complexes are comparable in nature. However, their use in the Suzuki–Miyaura (SM) cross‐coupling reaction of aryl bromides with phenylboronic acid requires different conditions to provide sufficient results.
Analysis of nationwide hemophilia care: A cohort study using two Japanese healthcare claims databases
Authors: Kinai Ei , Ono Midori , Oh Akinori , Ota Mihoko , Myaguchi Yasuo , Ueda Hitoshi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsIn many developed countries, hemophilia care is provided by specialized centers which can offer standardized high‐quality care for patients and collect data for patient registries. However, in countries with less centralized provision of hemophilia care, registry data lacks accuracy and medical care is inconsistent among providers. Claims databases can be an alternative for obtaining nationwide data on hemophilia care, and we applied this approach to evaluate inequalities in hemophilia care in Japan.MethodsMedical records of hemophilia A patients were collected by a combination of ICD‐10 code (D66) and prescribed coagulation factors from two major Japanese claims databases (JMDC and Medical Data Vision [MDV]). Patient records with an anti‐inhibitor coagulant complex were excluded.Based on the annual number of hemophilia A patients, medical facilities were categorized into specialized facilities (SP, ≥5 patients) and nonspecialized facilities (N‐SP, <5 patients). Patient age, comorbidities, diagnostic testing, prescribed drugs and their dosages were compared between facility types.ResultsThe JMDC and MDV databases included 274 and 1266 hemophilia A patients, respectively. In the MDV database, SP facilities prescribed extended half‐life factor VIII (FVIII) products for more patients (31.8% vs 24.3%) than N‐SP. The mean annual FVIII consumption per patient was higher in SP facilities (240 333 IU [international units] vs 210 334 IU), and the mean FVIII dosage was higher in SP facilities for all types of FVIII products. The proportion of patients who received diagnostic blood tests was higher in SP (75.7% vs 56.2%).ConclusionThe MDV database revealed disparities in hemophilia A care between SP and N‐SP facilities in types of FVIII products prescribed, FVIII consumption, and frequency of the relevant management such as blood tests. Claims databases can be an alternative for the assessment of nationwide hemophilia care patterns in countries without a well‐established registry.
Impacts of a mature forestry plantation on blanket peatland runoff regime and water quality
Authors: Flynn Raymond , Mackin Francis , McVeigh Claire , Renou‐Wilson Florence 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA lack of information concerning the hydrology and hydrogeology of intact blanket bogs limits current understanding of how their alteration to mature forestry plantations impacts stream flow and associated water quality. An integrated hydrological/hydrogeological monitoring programme compared processes operating in a relatively intact blanket peat‐covered catchment with conditions encountered in an adjacent area under closed canopy plantation forestry. Groundwater monitoring revealed contrasting water level regimes and deeper summer water tables in the afforested area, with forest groundwater also having more elevated specific electrical conductance (SEC) and containing higher concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Near‐simultaneous pairwise runoff sampling at the relatively intact catchment and afforested catchment outlets demonstrated no significant difference in DOC concentration. Conversely, water samples from the afforested catchment outlet displayed significantly greater SEC; this arose in part because of higher concentrations of dissolved calcium and magnesium, discharging via artificial drainage. Comparison of base flow runoff SEC with peat groundwater samples reflected in significant contrasts in ionic signature and greater levels of mineralisation in surface water, pointing to contributions of deeper water, derived from inorganic substrate materials. Study findings indicate that disturbance to the ground in that part of the catchment under plantation forestry has led to greater variations in stream flow and water quality for aquatic ecosystems. Comparable conditions have been observed instreams flowing through plantation forestry in similar physical settings elsewhere. Study findings suggest that plantations on deep peat can adversely affect stream ecosystems and this may impact on a water body's legal status.
Local climate impacts from ongoing restoration of a peatland
Authors: Worrall Fred , Howden Nicholas J. K. , Burt Tim P. , Rico‐Ramirez Miguel A. , Kohler Tim 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe hypothesize that peatlands represent a cool humid island in their landscape context and that this cool humid island effect could be brought about by successful peatland restoration. This study used 20 years of Earth observation data for land surface temperature (day‐ and night‐ time LST), albedo (near infra‐red white sky albedo) and vegetation indices measured for 42 one km2 grid squares across two peatlands and their surrounding arable fields. The peatlands have undergone restoration (re‐vegetation and raising of water tables) since 2004. The results show that over the restored peatlands:
Day time temperatures over the peatlands cooled relative to the surrounding arable‐land by up to 1.1 K (°C), but there was no significant change in night time temperatures.
Over the peatlands the average amplitude of the diurnal temperature cycle decreased by up to 2.4 K (°C) over the period of the restoration.
Comparison to vegetation indices and albedo shows the cooling effect of increasing albedo was smaller than warming effect of changes aerodynamic resistance brought about by development of shrubby vegetation.
The presence of an overall cooling effect, despite a warming effect due to vegetation development, means that a rising water table led to a lowering of the Bowen ratio. Peatlands revegetated to, or dominated by, moss carpets rather than shrubby vegetation will maximise the potential cooling effect, whereas shrub development across peatlands without a rise in water table would lead to warming.
Integrating microirrigation with rainwater harvesting to improve yield, water productivity and profit in a citrus orchard*
Authors: Panigrahi Pravukalyan , Srivastava Anoop K. , Huchche Ambadas D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntegrated water resource management is key to sustainable citriculture. Keeping this in mind, a study was conducted to evaluate the techno‐economic feasibility of rainwater harvesting and use of harvested water by microirrigation in a citrus orchard. The prediction of runoff from rainfall data which may help in the planning and design of water conservation measures in citrus orchards has also been explored in the study. Three water conservation treatments, viz. continuous trench (CT), CT + rainwater harvesting tank (RWHT) + basin irrigation (BI) and CT + RWHT + drip irrigation (DRI) with rainfed treatment (RT), were compared in relation to productivity, water productivity and profit in a citrus orchard. The CT + RWHT + DRI produced 219% higher fruit yield with 298% higher net income (NI) and 130% higher net economic water productivity (NEWP) compared with RT (yield, 7.14 t ha−1; NI, 59 704 INR ha−1; NEWP, 15.75 INR m−3). The sustainable yield index (SYI) and energy use efficiency (EUE) were 49 and 87% higher, respectively, in CT + RWHT +DRI than RT. The regression model developed reasonably predicted (R2 = 0.84–0.94) the runoff from rainfall in a citrus orchard.
Three‐dimensional spheroid cell culture of human MSC‐derived neuron‐like cells: New in vitro model to assess magnetite nanoparticle‐induced neurotoxicity effects
Authors: De Simone Uliana , Croce Anna Cleta , Pignatti Patrizia , Buscaglia Eleonora , Caloni Francesca , Coccini Teresa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs nanoparticles (NPs) can access the brain and impact on CNS function, novel in vitro models for the evaluation of NPs‐induced neurotoxicity are advocated. Three‐dimensional spheroids of primary neuron‐like cells (hNLCs) of human origin have been generated, from differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The study evaluated Fe3O4NP impact on the differentiation process by applying the challenge at complete 3D hNLC spheroid formation (after 4 days, T4) or at beginning of neurogenic induction/simultaneously 3D forming (T0). Different endpoints were monitored over time (up to 10 days): spheroid growth, size, morphology, ATP, cell death, neuronal markers (β‐Tub III, MAP‐2, and NSE), NP uptake. At T0 application, a marked concentration‐ and time‐dependent cell mortality occurred: effect started early (day 2) and low concentration (1 μg/ml) and exacerbated (80% mortality) after prolonged time (day 6) and increased concentrations (50 μg/ml). ATP was strikingly affected. All neuronal markers were downregulated, and spheroid morphology altered in a concentration‐dependent manner (from ≥5 μg/ml) after day 2. Fe3O4NPs applied at complete 3D formation (T4) still induced adverse effects although less severe: cell mortality (20–60%) and ATP content decrease (10–40%) were observed in a concentration‐dependent manner (from ≥ 5 μg/ml). A neuronal‐specific marker effect and spheroid size reduction from 25 μg/ml without morphology alteration were evidenced. This finding provides additional information on neurotoxic effects of Fe3O4NPs in a new 3D hNLC spheroid model derived from MSCs that could find a consistent application as in a testing strategy serving in first step hazard identification for correct risk assessment.
Evaluation of novel biomaterials for cartilage regeneration based on gelatin methacryloyl interpenetrated with extractive chondroitin sulfate or unsulfated biotechnological chondroitin
Authors: Vassallo Valentina , Tsianaka Anastasia , Alessio Nicola , Grübel Jana , Cammarota Marcella , Tovar Günter E. M. , Southan Alexander , Schiraldi Chiara 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGelatin is widely proposed as scaffold for cartilage tissue regeneration due to its high similarities to the extracellular matrix. However, poor mechanical properties and high sensitivity to enzymatic degradation encouraged the scientific community to develop strategies to obtain better performing hydrogels. Gelatin networks, specifically gelatin‐methacryloyl (GM), have been coupled to hyaluronan or chondroitin sulfate (CS). In this study, we evaluated the biophysical properties of an innovative photocross‐linked hydrogel based on GM with the addition of CS or a new unsulfated biotechnological chondroitin (BC). Biophysical, mechanical, and biochemical characterization have been assessed to compare GM hydrogels to the chondroitin containing networks. Moreover, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were seeded on these biomaterials in order to evaluate the differentiation toward the chondrocyte phenotype in 21 days. Rheological characterization showed that both CS and BC increased the stiffness (G' was about 2‐fold), providing a stronger rigid matrix, with respect to GM alone. The biological tests confirmed the onset of MSCs differentiation process starting from 14 days of in vitro culture. In particular, the combination GM + BC resulted to be more effective than GM + CS in the up‐regulation of key genes such as collagen type 2A1 (COLII), SOX‐9, and aggrecan). In addition, the scanning microscope analyses revealed the cellular adhesion on materials and production of extracellular vesicles. Immunofluorescence staining confirmed an increase of COLII in presence of both chondroitins. Finally, the outcomes suggest that BC entangled within cross‐linked GM matrix may represent a promising new biomaterial with potential applications in cartilage regeneration.
Optimization and design for the curing process of solid azide propellant: Influence of typical components on the curing reactions of PBT binders with TDI
Authors: Zhao Xiao , Zhu Weihua 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe effects of several typical ingredients on the thermal curing reactions of poly (3,3′‐bis‐azidomethyl oxetane)‐tetrahydrofuran (PBT) adhesive with curing agent toluene diisocyanate (TDI) were carried out using density functional theory. The results show that the most energetic favorable curing route is the reaction with the cured product with two urethane segments and its rate‐determining step is the nucleophilic addition reaction of TDI with triethanolamine (TEA). Compared to the reaction of TDI with PBT, the reaction with trimethylolpropane (TMP) shows relatively lower activation free energy mainly due to the weakening of N‐H bond in corresponding TS structures. After the pre‐modification of TDI by diethylene glycol (DEG), the reactivity of the remaining isocyanate group is significantly decreased, which is supported by the smallest absolute value of torsion angle when the electron density in NH and CO bond areas maintains locally concentrated. In contrast, the final curing reactions with PBT are remarkably facilitated as the participation of the intermediate structures formed through TEA. The stronger hindrance to the last step curing reaction of biuret molecule obtained through the continuous reaction stemming from H2O basically attributes to the reduction in the electrophilicity of relevant ‐NCO groups.
Pulmonary embolism following the third thoracic tuberculosis surgery: A case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Liyi , Liu Chong , Liang Tuo , Ye Zhen , Huang Shengsheng , Sun Xuhua , Yi Ming , Chen Tianyou , Li Hao , Chen Wuhua , Jiang Jie , Chen Jiarui , Guo Hao , Yao Yuanlin , Liao Shian , Yu Chaojie , Fan Binguang , Wu Shaofeng , Zhan Xinli 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe study aimed to analyze the clinical effects of pulmonary embolism succeeding a third surgery conducted for multiple recurrences in thoracic tuberculosis (TB).Case reportA 74‐year‐old female patient developed thoracic tuberculosis and was subsequently treated in our hospital in March 2019, October 2020, and February 2021. The third surgical intervention included anterolateral thoracic lesion resection, internal fixation, posterior spinal tuberculous sinus resection, and debridement with suture. The operative time was 172 min resulting in a substantial intraoperative blood loss (2321 ml). Postoperative re‐examination of chest CTPA indicated a strip filling defect and pulmonary embolism in the external branch of the right middle lobe of the lung. After completing the active treatment, the D‐dimer quantification, WBC, CRP, and ESR values were 1261 ng/ml, 7.71 × 109/L, 74.66 mg/L, and 63 mm, respectively. Chest CTPA re‐examination after the treatment showed no signs of pulmonary embolism.ConclusionPatients with a long‐term history of multiple operations, high BMI, cerebral infarction, diabetes, and older age group were more likely to develop pulmonary embolism after spinal tuberculosis surgery. Thus, the possibility of postoperative pulmonary embolism should be thoroughly analyzed before any subsequent surgical treatment in patients with recurrent spinal tuberculosis.