bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a Neonatal Pulmonary Hypertension Core Outcome Set (NeoPH COS)—A Study Protocol
Authors: Morgan Cara Ellen , Woolfall Kerry , Aikman Natasharazia , Gale Crhistopher , Subhedar Nimish ,   the RePHyNe Consortium
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPulmonary hypertension (PH) in newborn babies is a relatively rare, heterogeneous condition that has high associated mortality in the neonatal period and beyond. There are limited evidence‐based strategies to treat or prevent this condition. Over the last two decades, there has been an increase in the number of studies assessing new therapies and treatment strategies in babies with PH. However, comparison of different treatments between studies is limited by inconsistency in outcome reporting. To address this issue, we aim to develop a core outcome set (COS) for neonates and infants less than 3 months of age, corrected for prematurity, diagnosed with PH, through international consensus with key stakeholders including parents and/or guardians, healthcare professionals and researchers. The development of the COS will be divided into two stages: (1) identification of potential outcomes through a mixed methods systematic literature review and qualitative interviews with parents and/or guardians of babies with pulmonary hypertension; (2) determining core outcomes through an online Delphi survey and consensus meeting. An advisory group with global membership including parents and/or guardians, healthcare professionals, and researchers recruited internationally was formed to guide the COS. The methodology utilized to develop a neonatal PH COS aims to ensure applicability and adoption in international settings and relevance across disciplines. The COS will help to improve trial design and homogeneity of outcomes reported in neonatal trials of PH. This will translate into higher‐quality evidence for therapeutic strategies for PH in neonates.
Pulmonary Enteric Adenocarcinoma in a Super‐Elderly Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Shimamoto Akira , Kojo Natsumi , Saiki Haruko , Hayashi Akinobu , Takao Motoshi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPulmonary enteric adenocarcinoma (PEAC) is an extremely rare subtype of non‐small cell lung cancer, characterised by histopathological features that resemble colorectal adenocarcinoma. Here, we report a case of PEAC in an 85‐year‐old male who presented with a pulmonary nodule initially identified at the age of 76. Initial PET‐CT (maximum standardised uptake value [SUVmax] = 2.8) was inconclusive, leading to strict follow‐up. Over 9 years, the nodule enlarged significantly (3.2 cm, SUVmax = 8.4). A transbronchial biopsy confirmed adenocarcinoma, and the patient underwent successfully video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery with lymph node dissection. The histopathological analysis revealed CK7 and CK20 positivity, focal CDX2 positivity, and TTF‐1 negativity, confirming PEAC. Despite advanced age, the patient tolerated surgery well without adjuvant therapy. At the one‐year postoperative follow‐up, he remained disease‐free. This case emphasises the diagnostic utility of immunohistochemistry and the feasibility of surgical management, even in super‐elderly patients with PEAC.
DigiLex—A Checklist for the Evaluation of Digital Tools for Second and Foreign Language Lexical Learning
Authors: Lehmkuhl Paulina , Wagner Benedikt , Frisch Stefanie , Rumlich Dominik , Visser Judith 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe use of digital tools for second and foreign language lexical learning is increasingly popular and research in this area is constantly expanding. However, little has been written about specific criteria that could be used to identify tools with high‐quality lexical input, as available checklists and frameworks for digital media tend to neglect detailed analyses of the vocabulary domain. This article addresses this issue by presenting the Checklist for Evaluating Digital Resources for Lexical Learning (DigiLex), which combines important digital language learning criteria with an extensive evaluation of lexical content. The checklist is both theory‐based and user‐friendly, aiming to fill a gap between theory and practice in the field of digital lexical learning. The article discusses the theoretical basis of the checklist and integrates the results of a small pilot study with pre‐service and in‐service teachers, emphasizing feasibility in everyday learning and teaching. By providing an easy‐to‐use tool for identifying suitable digital resources, the DigiLex checklist aims to support language learners and teachers in self‐regulated lexical learning.
Complicated Conversation as Curriculum in Language Teacher Education Amid Rapid Change
Authors: Salerno April S. , Kibler Amanda K. , Andrei Elena 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAs language teacher educators, we consider how times of flux bring opportunities for re‐envisioning curriculum as conversation. We have found ourselves and our students to be situated at the nexus of tensions between sometimes fast‐moving societal shifts and sometimes slow‐moving changes in educational systems and institutions. One approach we have found for bridging the fast and the slow worlds is to rethink how we define curriculum. We draw from Pinar (1995) in re‐envisioning curriculum as “complicated conversation” between teachers and students. Pinar and colleagues view curriculum as verb (currere, or “to run” in Latin) in which students' lived experiences – combined with planned materials – become the curriculum. In this teaching issues article, we explore how we as teacher educators have engaged our students (who are current, in‐service teachers) in complicated conversation around recent moments of flux. We consider examples of how, in our English as a Second Language teacher‐education courses, we have talked with teachers about two such moments: advocating for students amid recent global conflicts and navigating the advent of artificial intelligence. We underscore the idea that curriculum as currere requires a balance between being responsive and proactive.
Are Electric Vehicles Always Green? An Argumentation for the Need of Narrative Change
Authors: Matusiewicz Maria 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis investigation examines the impact of electric vehicle (EV) adoption on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across European Union countries between 2012 and 2021. Employing multi‐method analysis, it assesses the correlation between EV usage and GHG emission trends. Despite EU policies promoting EVs to reduce emissions, our findings indicate a complex and nonlinear relationship, with no clear evidence of significant emission reductions directly attributed to increased EV usage. This study underscores the intricate interplay between EVs, GHG emissions, and external factors like electricity generation sources and the environmental footprint of EV production and disposal. Our results advocate for a comprehensive approach to emission reduction, emphasizing the need for renewable energy integration and region‐specific strategies. This research adds to the sustainable transportation dialogue, highlighting the necessity of nuanced, informed policymaking that considers the diverse environmental impacts of Evs.
Genomic and phenomic prediction for soybean seed yield, protein, and oil
Authors: Van der Laan Liza , Parmley Kyle , Saadati Mojdeh , Pacin Hernan Torres , Panthulugiri Srikanth , Sarkar Soumik , Ganapathysubramanian Baskar , Lorenz Aaron , Singh Asheesh K. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDevelopments in genomics and phenomics have provided valuable tools for use in cultivar development. Genomic prediction (GP) has been used in commercial soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] breeding programs to predict grain yield and seed composition traits. Phenomic prediction (PP) is a rapidly developing field that holds the potential to be used for the selection of genotypes early in the growing season. The objectives of this study were to compare the performance of GP and PP for predicting soybean seed yield, protein, and oil. We additionally conducted genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) to identify significant single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the traits of interest. The GWAS panel of 292 diverse accessions was grown in six environments in replicated trials. Spectral data were collected at two time points during the growing season. A genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) model was trained on 269 accessions, while three separate machine learning (ML) models were trained on vegetation indices (VIs) and canopy traits. We observed that PP had a higher correlation coefficient than GP for seed yield, while GP had higher correlation coefficients for seed protein and oil contents. VIs with high feature importance were used as covariates in a new GBLUP model, and a new random forest model was trained with the inclusion of selected SNPs. These models did not outperform the original GP and PP models. These results show the capability of using ML for in‐season predictions for specific traits in soybean breeding and provide insights on PP and GP inclusions in breeding programs.
Duodenal Laser Ablation for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: Results of First in Human Study
Authors: Kovarova Viktorie , Lankova Ivana , Machytka Evzen , Knotkova Katerina , Kratochvílová Helena , Beneš Marek , Spicak Julius , Vasura Adam , Goldin Eran , Munter Gavriel , Zima Tomas , Mraz Milos , Dagan Hila , Levy Brian , Haluzik Martin , Kral Jan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) significantly impacts global health and economies. Despite various therapies, managing DM remains challenging. Bariatric surgery has shown efficacy in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but its utilization remains low. Innovative, less invasive endoscopic approaches such as duodenal mucosal resurfacing show potential in treating T2DM. This article presents the results of a First in Human (FIH) study using a duodenal submucosal laser ablation investigational device for T2DM treatment.MethodsA prospective, single‐arm, open‐label study evaluated the safety and efficacy of the Digma System Endoscopic procedure for duodenal submucosal laser ablation in consecutive enrolled T2DM patients.ResultsThe study was conducted from July 2017 to December 2020 and enrolled 31 patients for the Digma System Endoscopic procedure. The Dose Escalation Cohort (DEC) used sub‐therapeutic laser doses for training and safety. The Treatment Cohort (TC) of 25 patients received therapeutic doses, resulting in HbA1c reductions of −0.6% at 6 months (p = 0.014) and −0.4% at 12 months (p = 0.062). Fasting glucose dropped 17.3 mg/dL (p = 0.173) at 6 months and 28 mg/dL (p = 0.022) at 12 months. Post‐prandial glucose improvements were also observed. HOMA‐IR improved at 3 and 6 months. PAGI‐SYM and PAGI‐QOL showed stable to slightly improved GI symptoms and quality of life. Two severe adverse events were unrelated to the procedure.ConclusionThe study demonstrates the safety, feasibility, and potential efficacy of the Digma System Endoscopic procedure. Evidence suggests improvements in HbA1c, fasting and post‐prandial glucose, and HOMA‐IR levels could be attributed to the Digma System Endoscopic procedure.
Towards an automated evaluation of design processes—an algorithm to predict critical situations during concept synthesis
Authors: Zimmerer Christoph , Wittig Christoph , Matthiesen Sven 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In design research, there is a need for research methods that allow for larger numbers of participants in empirical studies, as small sample sizes lead to less statistically reliable results. The number of participants is limited by current research methods, such as protocol analysis, interviews, or analysis of eye tracking videos, because they require a lot of manual work during the evaluation. This is particularly noticeable in studies that analyze the cognitive processes of designers, e.g., during concept synthesis. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to develop an algorithm that automates the analysis of eye tracking data to predict designer perceived difficulties—critical situations in which methodical support could be beneficial—during design processes. By linking eye tracking data with retrospective think aloud data, a dataset was created for training different machine learning algorithms. The dataset was further processed, and three algorithms were evaluated regarding their suitability for automated detection of difficulties. The best algorithm, a cascading one-against-all classifier, achieved an accuracy of 62% and a false-negative rate of 26.6%. Depending on the type of difficulty, different eye tracking features were relevant for the decisions of the algorithms, highlighting the importance of tailored feature selection for each type of difficulty. The findings suggest that the automated analysis of eye tracking data using machine learning potentially facilitates larger studies and statistically more reliable findings, representing a significant step toward more efficient and insightful analysis of design cognition.
Non-melanoma skin cancer of the external auditory canal: long-term outcomes of a tertiary head and neck unit
Authors: Apthorp Eleanor , Lam Rebecca , Obholzer Rupert , Jeannon Jean-Pierre , Oakley Richard , Rovira Aleix 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
External auditory canal (EAC) skin cancer is often diagnosed at advanced stages, leading to poor survival outcomes. Our study aims to describe disease characteristics, treatments and outcomes of patients with EAC cancer, increasing understanding of the management of this rare disease.

Methods
Retrospective, observational study including patients with non-melanoma EAC skin cancer treated at Guy’s and St Thomas’ Head and Neck Unit from 2012 to 2021, with follow-up until October 2023. Patient with EAC or auricular primaries extending into the EAC were included. Demographic, histopathological, and surgical data were obtained from electronic records.

Results
Thirty-eight patients were included, 86.8% treated with curative intent. The median follow-up was 49.9 months. One, three, and five-year overall survival for patients treated curatively were 100%, 96.9% and 75.3%, respectively, versus 40.0%, 0.0% and 0.0% for palliative. 68.4% had advanced disease (Pittsburgh staging, III: 18.4%, IV: 50.0%). 39.5% were treated after recurrent or persistent disease. Histological subtypes included squamous cell carcinoma (60.5%), basal cell carcinoma (26.3%) and others (13.2%). Among those treated surgically (n = 31), 74.2% underwent lateral temporal bone resection and 29.0% wide local excision. 83.9% had parotidectomy, neck dissection or both. 51.6% received post-operative radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy. Advanced stage was significantly associated with reduced overall survival (p = 0.05) but not disease-free survival (p = 0.25). No primary site features, regional metastasis (p = 0.63), direct parotid invasion (p = 0.71) or age (p = 0.15) significantly impacted survival.

Conclusion
According to the good outcomes reported, this study suggests lowering the threshold for radical treatment may improve outcomes for patients with potentially poor prognostic features.
Clinical effectiveness of dupilumab in CRSwNP: unaffected by baseline nasal polyp size in real-world settings
Authors: Habenbacher Michael , Moser Ulrich , Abaira Ahmed , Kiss Peter , Holzmeister Clemens , Pock Jakob , Walla Katharina , Lang Angelika , Andrianakis Alexandros 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the impact of baseline nasal polyp score (NPS) on the effectiveness of dupilumab treatment in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).

Methods
In this retrospective observational study, 80 CRSwNP patients treated with dupilumab 300 mg biweekly at a tertiary referral center were stratified according to the baseline NPS into two groups: low-NPS (< 5) and high-NPS (≥ 5). Treatment outcomes were evaluated at the 6-month follow-up visit and compared.

Results
Both groups showed significant clinical improvements. The NPS decreased significantly in both low- and high-NPS groups, from a mean score of 3.2 to 0.8 and from 6.1 to 1.4, respectively (p < 0.001 for both). SNOT-22 scores improved significantly in both groups (p < 0.001 for both), though the reduction was greater in the high-NPS group (35.5 vs. 23.9, p = 0.018). There were no significant differences between low- and high NPS groups in proportions of NPS reduction of ≥ 1 (89% vs. 95%, p = 0.396) and clinically significant SNOT-22 improvement (= reduction > 12 or follow-up SNOT < 40; 80% vs. 86%, p = 0.544).

Conclusions
Our results suggests that dupilumab is effective in CRSwNP treatment, regardless of baseline nasal polyp size. Both small and large polyp groups showed significant improvements in NPS and patient-reported outcome measures. Future, prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings.
Efficacy and safety of patiromer for hyperkalemia: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 study
Authors: Kashihara Naoki , Okada Hirokazu , Suzuki Yusuke , Iwamoto Tamio , Yasutomi Masashi , Matsui Masaru , Takezawa Ryo , Ishii Takayuki , Tomioka Yusuke 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
This is the phase 3 study in Japan designed to verify the superiority of patiromer over placebo using the change in serum potassium level (sK-level).

Methods
This study was a multicenter, randomized withdrawal study targeting Japanese hyperkalemic patients. It consisted of the run-in period and the double-blind period. The run-in period was an active single-arm, open-label period (4 or 5 weeks). The double-blind period was a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, double-blind period (4 weeks). Patients whose sK-level was within the normal range at week 4 or 5 of the run-in period entered the double-blind period. Patients who entered the double-blind period were randomly assigned to the patiromer group or the placebo group.

Results
As a result of the primary analysis, the change of the sK-level (95% CI) from baseline to week 4 in the double-blind-period, was – 0.02 (– 0.19, 0.15) mmol/L in the patiromer group, and 0.78 (0.60, 0.96) mmol/L in the placebo group, with a statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups (p < 0.001). Similarly, statistically significant differences were also observed between the two groups at weeks 1, 2, and 3. Furthermore, the proportion of patients whose sK-level was maintained within the normal range were statistically significantly higher in the patiromer group than in the placebo group at all time points. No adverse events requiring particular attention were observed.

Conclusion
Patiromer can improve hyperkalemia by lowering sK-level and can suppress the recurrence of hyperkalemia with continued administration, and is safe and easy-to-use for a wide range of patients.
Prevention of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw with basic fibroblast growth factor: an experimental study in rats
Authors: Kurokawa Satoshi , Yagyuu Takahiro , Funayama Naoki , Imada Mitsuhiko , Kirita Tadaaki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), characterized by persistent jaw bone exposure, is believed to result from the inhibition of bone remodeling and wound healing, often associated with potent intravenous bisphosphonates such as zoledronic acid (ZA). These bisphosphonates are known to significantly impact the healing of soft and bone tissues due to their anti-angiogenic properties. Our study aimed to explore whether applying the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), known for its ability to promote angiogenesis and bone remodeling, over extraction sockets could prevent the onset of BRONJ in rats administered with ZA. The experimental protocol involved administering each rat with two intravenous injections of 60 μg/kg of ZA, followed by tooth extraction. Rats were then divided into two groups: the test group (n = 12), which had a mixture of 3% hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and 0.3% bFGF applied over their extraction sockets, and the control group (n = 12), which received only a 3% HPC application. Wound healing was monitored for 8 weeks post-extraction and assessed using micro-computed tomography, histological evaluations, and immunohistochemical analysis of CD31- and CD105-positive vessels. Results showed a BRONJ incidence rate of 100% (12/12) in the control group, whereas the rate was significantly lower in the test group at 8.3% (1/12). Furthermore, the test group demonstrated marked increases in both angiogenesis and new bone formation. Our findings suggest that the local application of bFGF might serve as an effective therapeutic approach to prevent the onset of BRONJ following tooth extraction in patients receiving bisphosphonate therapy.
Hunting Iberian ibex: from a threat factor to a conservation tool
Authors: Pérez Jesús M. , Mesa-Pérez Fabiola , Fernández-Muñoz María J. , Granados José E. , Fandos Paulino , Soriguer Ramón C. , Acevedo Pelayo , Refoyo Pablo , Barreñada Enrique , Peral Juan Carlos , Fernández-Arias Alberto , Martínez José A. , Vargas María J. , Rubio Montserrat , López-Martín Josep M. , Olivé-Boix Xavier , Serrano Juan J. , Carro Francisco , Modesto María J. , Lara José , Gil-Carrera Alberto , López-Montoya Antonio J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study we have compiled the information from official databases about Iberian ibex, Capra pyrenaica, hunting yields, hunting trophies and hunting licenses in the Spanish regions where the species is present and hunted. Such quotas showed an increasing trend between 2005–2021 and, on average, during this period, ≈ 6400 animals were yearly harvested. Despite this number decreased in 2019 and 2020 (in this last year, mainly due to the lock down caused by the COVID pandemia), the annual quota raised, reaching over 12,000 ibexes in 2021. The number of trophies increased since the 1970s and peaked in the period 2001–2005, and then declined during the period 2006–2020. At national level, the number of hunting licenses decreased from 2006 to 2021 by a 36.5%. The regional average hunting yield was significantly correlated with a regional-based ibex abundance estimation. The current situation of continued population increase together with the trophy reduction might suggest that the overall population is exceeding the carrying capacity. In this context, if hunting activity was one of the main factors involved in local extinction of the species, currently it should be considered a tool for sustainable managing of ibex populations in an scenario of increasing demographic trends and generalized absence of predators.
Chitin and its effects when included in aquafeed
Authors: G. Pascon , R. Opere Akinyi , G. Cardinaletti , E. Daniso , M. Messina , F. Tulli 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chitin, the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature after cellulose, has been the subject of increasing interest in recent years, particularly in the aquaculture sector. This review focuses on the effects of chitin in aquafeed on growth, nutrient utilization, gut microbiome modulation, and the immune system of aquatic organisms. Data from the literature showed significant variability in response to chitin by species, with some species benefiting from dietary chitin supplementation in terms of growth and immune health. However, excessive chitin inclusion led to negative effects on the protein and lipid digestibility. These results suggest that optimizing the amount of chitin-containing ingredients in aquafeed requires a deep understanding of each species’ nutritional needs and other studies needed for different aquaculture species. Furthermore, studies have highlighted the potential of chitin as an immunostimulant and promoter of gut health. In conclusion, chitin appears to be a promising additive for sustainable aquaculture, but further research is needed to define best practices for its use.