bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-frequency resonance in strong heterogeneity
Authors: Liu Yinbin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Multiple scattering of wave in strong heterogeneity can cause resonance-like wave anomaly where the signal exhibits low-frequency, high intensity, and slowly propagating wave packet velocity. For example, long period event in volcanic seismology and plasma oscillations in wave-particle interactions. Collective behaviour in a many-body system is thought to be the source for generating the anomaly, however the detailed mechanism is not fully understood. Here I show that the physical mechanism is associated with low- frequency resonance (LFR) in strong small-scale heterogeneity through seismic wave field modeling for bubble cloud heterogeneity and 1D heterogeneity. LFR is a kind of wave coherent scattering enhancement or emergence phenomenon. Its resonance frequency decreases with increasing heterogeneous scale, impedance contrast, or random heterogeneous scale and velocity fluctuations; its intensity diminishes with decreasing impedance contrast or increasing random heterogeneous scale and velocity fluctuations. LRF exhibits the characteristics of localized wave in space and the shape of ocean wave in time and is a ubiquitous wave phenomenon in wave physics. The concept of LFR can open up new opportunities in many aspects of science and engineering.
Online Time-series Anomaly Detection: A Survey of Modern Model-based Approaches
Authors: Correia Lucas , Goos Jan-Christoph , Kononova Anna V. , Bäck Thomas , Klein Philipp 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

This survey provides an extensive overview of the state-of-the-art model-based online semi-supervised and unsupervised anomaly detection algorithms used on multivariate time series. It also outlines the most popular benchmark datasets used in literature, as well as a novel taxonomy where a distinction between online and offline, and training and inference is made. To achieve this, almost 50 peer-reviewed publications are surveyed and categorised into different model families to paint a clear picture of the anomaly detection landscape for the reader. Then, where possible, a comparison of the anomaly detection performance of the surveyed approaches is provided and the key research gaps are highlighted. It is concluded that few approaches propose any enhancements that involve the user feedback. In addition to that, transformer-based models seem to have found little application in anomaly detection so far, though this is most likely due to the novelty of the model type, not necessarily due to the lack of potential. Moreover, there is no standard benchmark procedure to assess anomaly detection performance. A variety of different datasets and evaluation metrics used for evaluation are used hence it is difficult to draw conclusions from comparisons between papers. Lastly, the rarity of approaches trained and inferred in an online manner is also pointed out, possibly explained by the lower performance compared to offline trained approaches.
Weighted Maxima and Sums of Non-stationary Random Length Sequences in Heavy-tailed Models
Authors: Markovich Natalia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The sums and maxima of weighted non-stationary random length sequences of regularly varying random variables may have the same tail and extremal indices, Markovich and Rodionov (2020). The main constraints are that there exists a unique series in a scheme of series with the minimum tail index, the tail of the term number is lighter than the tail of the terms and the weights are positive constants. These assumptions are changed here: a bounded random number of series is allowed to have the minimum tail index, the tail of the term number may be heavier than the tail of the terms and the weights may be real-valued. Then we derive the tail and extremal indices of the weighted non-stationary random length sequences under the new assumptions.
PACS 60G70 62G32
Respiratory inhibition with hypoxemia in healthy infants
Authors: Minowa Hideki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
The goal of this study was to verify the details of respiratory inhibition in healthy infants.
Study design:
The author screened for respiratory inhibition in 1,097 infants who weighed at least 2,000 g and who were born at a gestational age of at least 36 weeks. Respiratory inhibition was defined as severe hypoxemia, accompanied by clinical manifestations of central cyanosis and a decrease in SpO2 < 70%. Respiratory inhibition consists of feeding hypoxemia, respiratory inhibition after crying (RIAC), and respiratory inhibition after regurgitation (RIAR).
Results
Respiratory inhibition was observed in 503 infants, including feeding hypoxemia in 446, RIAC in 208 and RIAR in 32. Almost all infants with RIAC and RIAR recovered until discharge. However, 160 infants with feeding hypoxemia needed additional feeding control after Day 4.
Conclusions
Respiratory inhibition was often observed in healthy infants. Mothers of infants with feeding hypoxemia should receive careful nursing guidance.
TriMaster: randomised double-blind crossover trial of a DPP4-inhibitor, SGLT2-inhibitor and thiazolidinedione to evaluate differential glycaemic response to therapy based on obesity and renal function
Authors: Hattersley Andrew , Shields Beverley , Dennis John , Angwin Catherine , Warren Fiona , Henley William , Farmer Andrew , Sattar Naveed , Holman Rury , Jones Angus , Pearson Ewan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Precision medicine aims to target treatment to an individual based on their clinical features. A differential drug response, critical to using these features for therapy selection, has never been examined directly in type 2 diabetes. We tested two specific hypotheses: 1) individuals with BMI > 30kg/m2, compared with BMI ≤ 30kg/m2, have greater glucose lowering with thiazolidinediones than DPP4-inhibitors, and 2) individuals with eGFR 60-90mls/min/1.73m2 compared with eGFR > 90mls/min/1.73m2 have greater glucose lowering with DPP4-inhibitors than SGLT2-inhibitors. The primary endpoint for both hypotheses was the achieved HbA1c difference between strata for the two drugs. We conducted a UK based randomised, double-blind, three-way crossover trial of 16 weeks treatment with each of sitagliptin 100mg/day, canagliflozin 100mg/day and pioglitazone 30mg/day added to metformin alone or metformin plus sulfonylurea. Overall, the achieved HbA1c was similar for the three drugs. Participants with BMI > 30kg/m2, compared with BMI ≤ 30kg/m2, had a 2.88 mmol/mol (95% CI 0.98,4.79) lower HbA1c on pioglitazone than on sitagliptin (n = 356, P = 0.003). Participants with eGFR 60-90mls/min/1.73m2, compared with eGFR > 90mls/min/1.73m2, had a 2.90 mmol/mol (95% CI 1.19,4.61) lower HbA1c on sitagliptin than on canagliflozin (n = 342, P = 0.001). In this first precision medicine trial in type 2 diabetes, our findings support the use of simple routinely available measures to identify the drug likely to deliver the greatest glycaemic reduction.
Comparative evaluation of domestic processing and storage losses of micronutrients, and the health benefits of five underutilized Green leafy vegetables
Authors: Ojimelukwe Philippa C 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Talinum triangulare, Amaranthus hybridus, Gnetum africanum, Pterocarpus mildbraedii and Telferia occidentalis are underutilized green leafy vegetables (GLVs). Storage and cooking loses undermine their nutritional and health benefits. T. triangulare has strong anti-oxidant properties; A. hybridus is good for managing blood pressure; T.occidentalis possess hypolipidaemic and anti-hyperglycaemic effects; G. africanum possess anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties; P. mildbraedii is an anti-microbial agent useful for the management of respiratory disorders. This review presents a comparative evaluation of the effects of moist heat treatment (boiling for 5 min at 98oC) and storage (at 29 ± 2oC), on the nutrients found in these vegetables which have health benefits for humans. Moist heat treatment reduces the vitamin content of the GLVs while the mineral content is more stable to cooking and storage conditions (Okpalanma et al., 2013; 2016; Okpalanma and Ojimelukwe, 2017; 2018a; 2018b). Cooking reduces minerals in T. occidentalis (for zinc, iron, magnesium and calcium) and iron for T. triangulare. Cooking losses were high for niacin in P. mildbraedii; loss of riboflavin was high in A. hybridus while the loss of vitamin C was high in T. triangulare. Nutrient loses through other improved processing methods such as sautéing, microwave heating, freezing, irradiation should be established. Processing methods that will reduce the loss of water soluble vitamins and iron should be investigated. Additional health benefits of each vegetable should be established.
Site Suitability for MSME Industries using GIS and MCDM Technique; A Case of Jaipur City, India
Authors: Kaur Harshita , Choudhary Sanjay , Shrivastava Bhavna , Chandra Tarush 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Planning for land resources is an essential decision-making process as it has multiplier effects on the economy of developing countries. Suitable strategies for planning and development of industrial areas, hold the potential to promote economic and environmental efficiency in India. Manufacturing industries as Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a major share of the total count of industries and also contribute approximately a third of country’s GDP. The siting of these enterprises becomes vital as they significantly affect the employment and economic issues and also their concentration impacts the ecology of a specific area. The historians and planners have put their findings on siting the manufacturing sector in the form of locational theories as discussed in this research study with case specific relevance to Jaipur city in Rajasthan. Considering such select locational theories and literature review along with the government policy framework, certain factors are identified having an analogous impact in deciding the location of MSME industries. These factors after surveys and expert opinion have been analyzed using GIS as a platform to propose a site suitability map in line with the character of MSME industries of Jaipur.
Periodically, Quasi-periodically, and Randomly Driven Conformal Field Theories (II): Furstenberg's Theorem and Exceptions to Heating Phases
Authors: Wen Xueda , Gu Yingfei , Vishwanath Ashvin , Fan Ruihua 
Published: October 2022

In this sequel (to [Phys. Rev. Res. 3, 023044(2021)],
arXiv:2006.10072), we study randomly driven
(1+1)(1+1)
dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs), a family of quantum
many-body systems with soluble non-equilibrium quantum dynamics. The
sequence of driving Hamiltonians is drawn from an independent and
identically distributed random ensemble. At each driving step, the
deformed Hamiltonian only involves the energy-momentum density spatially
modulated at a single wavelength and therefore induces a Möbius
transformation on the complex coordinates. The non-equilibrium dynamics
is then determined by the corresponding sequence of Möbius
transformations, from which the Lyapunov exponent
\lambda_LλL
is defined. We use Furstenberg’s theorem to classify the dynamical
phases and show that except for a few exceptional points that do not satisfy Furstenberg’s
criteria, the random drivings always lead to a heating phase with the
total energy growing exponentially in the number of driving steps
nn
and the subsystem entanglement entropy growing linearly in
nn
with a slope proportional to central charge
cc
and the Lyapunov exponent \lambda_LλL.
On the contrary, the subsystem entanglement entropy at an exceptional
point could grow as \sqrt{n}n
while the total energy remains to grow exponentially. In addition, we
show that the distributions of the operator evolution and the energy
density peaks are also useful characterizations to distinguish the
heating phase from the exceptional points: the heating phase has both
distributions to be continuous, while the exceptional points could
support finite convex combinations of Dirac measures depending on their
specific type. In the end, we compare the field theory results with the
lattice model calculations for both the entanglement and energy
evolution and find remarkably good agreement.
COVID-19-associated phlebopathy as a current problem of modern phlebology
Authors: Bogachev V. Yu. , Boldin B. V. , Turkin P. Yu. , Dzhenina O. V. 
Published: October 2022

Введение. SARS-CoV-2 сопровождается развитием дисфункции венозного эндотелия, которая может привести к развитию персистирующей флебопатии нижних конечностей, снижаю щей качество жизни пациентов.Цель. Оценить эффективность фармакологической терапии пациентов с постковидной флебопатией.Introduction. SARS-CoV-2 is accompanied by the development of venous endothelial dysfunction, which can lead to the development of persistent phlebopathy of the lower limbs, reducing the quality of life of patients.Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of pharmacological therapy in patients with postcocclusive phlebopathy.Materials and methods. 178 patients (125 women), mean age 34.8 ± 3.2 years, who underwent SARS-CoV-2, for their first veno-specific complaints received micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF) 1,000 mg per day for 90 days. Complaints were monitored using a 10-cm visual analog scale and the CIVIQ-20 questionnaire. All patients underwent ultrasound examination of the venous system of both lower extremities and photoplethysmography. Laboratory biochemical examination with determination of endothelial dysfunction marker levels was performed in 30 patients before and after treatment.Results. After 90 days of phlebotropic therapy, there was a significant reduction in the severity of all venous-specific complaints, except for intradermal vein dilation. The global quality of life index increased from 64.4 ± 11.2 to 86.6 ± 9.1% (p < 0.001). There was an improvement in photoplethysmography (PPG) scores. Return blood-flow time and tibial venous muscle pump strength increased significantly (p < 0.05) by 4.3 s and 3.5%, respectively. The 30 patients who underwent biochemical examination in the first blood samples obtained from the great saphenous vein showed a significant increase in IL-1 concentration (7.8 ± 0, 7 pg/ml), IL-6 (18.7 ± 1.8 pg/ml), VEGF (187.8 ± 11.6 pg/ml), TNF (7.8 ± 0.9 pg/ml), histamine (22.4 ± 11.4 nmol/L) and hsCRB (5.4 ± 0.3 mg/L), indicating that a proinflammatory phenotype of venous endothelium was formed. After 90 days of MOFF administration, these indices significantly decreased. The levels of IL-1 and IL-6 decreased by 3.2 and 10.4 pg/ml, respectively, the values of VEGF and TNF decreased by 114.6 pg/ml and 2.9 pg/ml. There was a gradual normalization of histamine and hsCRB to 6.1 ± 4.1 nmol/L and 1.1 ± 0.9 mg/L.Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that the appearance of veno-specific symptoms and syndromes in patients who have undergone SARS-CoV-2 may be due to the development of phlebopathy, the correction of which requires the use of pharmacological drugs with relevant mechanisms of action.
Identifying Tartrate Salt Crystals in Wine Sediment
Authors: Gnilomedova Nona , Anikina Nadezhda , Vesyutova Antonina , Oleinikova Veronika , Gavrish Vladimir , Chayka Tatyana 
Published: October 2022

Crystalline sediment of potassium hydrotartrate and calcium tartrate in wines is a major problem of wine industry. Reliable identification of crystals can establish the cause of their formation and facilitate appropriate technological solutions. The research objective was to study the morphological features of potassium and calcium salts of tartaric acid via microscopy.
The study featured natural crystal sediments that developed in 105 samples of white and red wines over six months after the end of fermentation, as well as when crystallization was provoked by freezing. The microscopic examination involved a Micmed-5 optical microscope and a PHENOMproX scanning electron microscope. Identification of cations in the composition of crystals followed the method of energy-dispersive spectroscopy, as well as the method of quality reaction with sulfate-anion in acidic medium.
Co-precipitation of colloidal substances was typical of potassium hydrotartrate. It violated the crystal lattice construction and determined the wine color, polymorphism (truncated ellipsoid → lanceolar → rhomboid → geometrically irregular shapes), surface roughness, and optical opacity. The expressiveness increased with the crystal growth (3–350 μm). Calcium tartrate demonstrated no evolutionary changes; it was morphologically uniform, colorless, and transparent. Its crystals had smooth faces and clear edges, regardless of their size (1–150 μm) and the chemical composition of wine.
The research systemized the morphological features of tartrate crystals formed in wines. The obtained results are important for the technochemical control in the process of destabilization diagnosis. The data can be recommended for further studies in applied research laboratories and institutes.
Micellar Casein Production and Application in Dairy Protein Industry
Authors: Melnikova Elena , Stanislavskaya Ekaterina , Bogdanova Ekaterina , Shabalova Ekaterina 
Published: October 2022

The modern food industry sees raw milk as a source of functional ingredients. Technologies of protein ingredients have a great scientific and practical importance because membrane fractionation methods preserve the native structure and properties of protein components. The resulting proteins have good fat profile, moisture retention, and emulsification characteristics, as well as perform some useful technological functions in food systems. They have no status of food additives and can be applied in various branches of food production. Unfortunately, the Russian food industry has no such technologies of its own. This article introduces some technological recommendations for the p roduction of domestic micellar casein concentrate.
The research involved skim milk, commercial micellar casein concentrates from various manufacturers, curd samples with 9.0% of fat in dry matter, and Rossiysky cheese produced according to traditional formulation and technology. The experiment relied on standard research methods of physical and chemical analysis to establish the chemical composition of the samples, e.g., fractional composition of skim milk proteins, grain-size distribution, amino acid profile, etc.
The study involved a comparative analysis of the chemical composition, as well as functional and technological properties of commercial micellar casein concentrates from various manufacturers. A set of experiments made it possible to define the thermal effect on raw material and to predict the prospects for usage of the new technology. Samples with a high ratio of casein:whey proteins and a moderately high heat treatment increased the curd and cheese yield by 10–12% in comparison with the traditional formulation. Samples with the maximal concentration of undenatured milk-serum protein nitrogen increased the yield of protein dairy products by 2–3% in comparison with other samples of micellar casein concentrates. The ratio of casein:whey proteins was 80:20 in skim milk obtained at PJSC Dairy “Voronezhsky”. The optimal pore diameter was ≥ 15 nm. As for the microbiological properties, QMA&OAMO was 6×104 CFU/dm3, and no pathogenic microorganisms were detected.
Therefore, low-temperature pasteurization proved feasible at ≤ 76 ± 2°C and 10–15 s of hold time. The micellar casein concentrate added certain functional and technological properties to the finished product, depending on the specific application scope.
The new technology will enable the domestic food industry to ov ercome the existing import dependence.
Optimization of installation and energy costs in water distribution systems with unknown flow directions
Authors: Cassiolato Gustavo H. B. , Carvalho Esdras P. , Ravagnani Mauro Antonio da Silva Sá 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Water distribution networks (WDNs) are an important part of water distribution systems and are responsible for water transportation from the reservoirs to the demand nodes at adequate pressure and velocity. In the present paper, the synthesis of WDN is treated as an optimization problem with a mixed integer nonlinear programming formulation. The objective function to be minimized is the total network cost, considering installation and energy costs, with unknown flow directions, which is the novelty in the paper. Disjunctive programming and linearization techniques are used in the model formulation to avoid nonlinear and nonconvex problems. Two case studies are used to test the model's applicability. Results show that operational costs can represent a significant part of the total cost in sustainable networks. In the first case study, the total cost was better than the literature results (US$ 2,272,538.85 vs. US$ 2,272,387.49) and the operational costs represent ¼ of the total WDN costs. In the second case study, the operation cost corresponds to almost 2/3 of the total WDN cost. These results show the importance of considering operational costs in the WDN design. Also, the consideration of unknown flow directions can lead to better results for the network topology.
Identification of suitable sites for traditional pokhari water harvesting in mountain rural communities of the Himalaya
Authors: Forzini Eleonora , Piemontese Luigi , Bresci Elena , Barthod Blandine , Bielser Florian , Sylvestre Marc , Adhikari Nirmal , Pun Sony , Castelli Giulio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Storing runoff during the monsoon season in Himalayan hills is crucial to have enough water to cope with the dry season, especially considering that climate change is changing rainfall intensity and patterns. Traditional Nepalese water ponds, called pokharis, are used to store runoff mainly for cattle rearing and rice fields' supplementary irrigation. Local communities are interested in restoring existing pokharis and building new ones to improve their economical and living conditions. Selecting the most suitable locations for pokharis is of crucial importance; however, scarce information is available for large-scale site selection. A comprehensive analysis of multiple relevant parameters for traditional ponds siting can lead to more efficient rainwater collection and provide a useful water resource management tool. In this work, we propose a methodology for pokharis’ best-siting analysis, based on geographic information system (GIS), multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), and participatory research. To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale best-siting analysis for traditional ponds in Nepal. An area of 0.423 km2 (3.47% of the study area) is classified as highly suitable, with 100% agreement with existing pokharis. Despite the low data resolution, which requires a further field inspection for the final site selection, our results provide reliable guidance for pokharis’ large-scale suitability, supporting water-resilience projects in the area.