bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ionic Conductivity of Strontium Fluoroapatites Co-doped with Lanthanides
Authors: Kthiri Khouloud , Mehnaoui Mohammed , Jebahi Samira , Boughzala Khaled , Hidouri Mustapha 
Published: February 2022

Britholites derivatives of apatite’s that contain lanthanium and neodymium in the serial compounds Sr8La2−xNdx(PO4)4(SiO4)2F2 with 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 were subject of the present investigation. The solid state reaction was the route of preparing these materials. Several techniques were employed for the analysis and characterization of the synthesized powders. The chemical analysis results indicated that molar ratio Sr+La+NdP+Si was of about 1.67 value of a stoichiometric powder. The X-ray diffraction data showed single-phase apatites crystallizing in hexagonal structure with P63/m space group were successively obtained. Moreover, the substitution of lanthanium by neodymium in strontium phosphosilicated fluorapatite was total. This was confirmed by the a and c lattice parameters contraction when (x) varies coherently to the sizes of the two cations. The infrared spectroscopy and the 31P NMR (MAS) exhibited the characteristic bands of phosphosilicated fluorapatite. The pressureless sintering of the material achieved a maximum of 89% relative density. The sintered specimens indicated that the Nd content as well as the heating temperature affected the ionic conduction of the materials and the maximum was 1.73 × 10−6 S cm−1 obtained at 1052 K for x = 2.
Industrial Applications of Nanomaterials Produced from Aspergillus Species
Authors: Rai Mahendra , Gupta Indarchand , Bonde Shital , Ingle Pramod , Shende Sudhir , Gaikwad Swapnil , Razzaghi-Abyaneh Mehdi , Gade Aniket 
Published: February 2022

There is a great demand for green methods of synthesis of nanoparticles. Fungi play an important role in the synthesis of nanoparticles, of which Aspergillus spp. are known to secrete different enzymes responsible for the synthesis of nanoparticles. The process of biosynthesis of nanoparticles is simple, rapid, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and easy to synthesize at ambient temperature and pressure. Mostly, the metal nanoparticles such as silver, gold, lead and the oxides of titanium, zinc, and copper are synthesized from Aspergillus spp. These include mainly Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, A. niger, A. terreus, and A. clavatus. The fabrication of different nanoparticles is extracellular. In the present chapter, we have discussed the role of different species of Aspergillus, mechanism of biogenic synthesis particularly enzymes involved in the reduction of metal ions into nanoparticles. The biogenically synthesized nanoparticles have demonstrated several biomedicals, agricultural, and engineering applications. The biogenic nanoparticles are mostly used as antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents. Their use as fungicidal agents is important for sustainable agriculture.
Self-efficacy as a predictor of the individual's future links with the employing organization
Authors: Balsan Laércio André Gassen , Bastos Antônio Virgílio Bittencourt , Costa Vânia Medianeira Flores , Schleder Marcus Vinicius Nascimento , Balsan Fernanda Binotto Vizzotto 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: This study analyzes the influence of the perception of self-efficacy on the commitment, entrenchment, and consent bonds that the individual will establish with the employing organization.
Design/methodology/approach: This is a longitudinal panel-type survey composed of two data collections: one applied before the individual joined the organization, and the other applied nine months after joining the contracting company.
Findings: The main results show the commitment established by individuals, with the contracting organization, can be predicted by the perceived self-efficacy of the individual measured before joining the organization. This suggested that the organization gives preference, at the time of hiring, to individuals with greater self-efficacy, as they will tend to develop higher commitment bond when compared to workers with lower self-efficacy. Besides the dispositional factors, other aspects arising from the individual/organization relationship will be involved in the development of the bond, and will be up to the company’s people management team to ensure adequate conditions for the building of a strong affective bond.
Research limitations/implications: To better understand future linkage, other variables need to be tested to verify what are the main antecedents of the future linkage of the individual. A gap left here is the absence of data collection through interviews, which would enrich quantitative data, as well the addition of new variables not tested.
Originality/value: Inserted in the efforts to predict how the new individual's future relationship with the employing institution will be, this study relates self-efficacy to future commitment, entrenchment, and consent, something that does not exist in the literature.
Studies on Mutagenic Effectiveness and Efficiency of Gamma Rays and EMS in Kodo Millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum)
Authors: Jency J. Poornima , Ravikesavan R. 
Published: February 2022

Mutation breeding is the defined approach used for crop production and has played a key role in the creation of several varieties. The present research was carried out to induce mutants in kodo millet variety CO 3 using a physical mutagen (gamma rays) and a chemical mutagen (Ethyl Methane Sulphonate) for creating novelty. Seeds were treated with five doses of gamma-rays viz., 100 Gy, 200 Gy, 300 Gy, 400 Gy, and 500 Gy at BARC, Kalpakam and with three concentrations of EMS viz., 24.15 mM, 32.20 mM and 40.25 mM. In the laboratory test, root and shoot lengths of seedlings were decreased with an increase in the dose of gamma rays and EMS. In field study, the germination percentage and survival rate of seedlings were decreased with an increase in the dose of gamma irradiation and EMS. In M2 generation, five types of chlorophyll mutations viz., albino, xantha, striata, chlorina and albomaculata were observed. Xantha and chlorina were observed in all treatments, whereas, striata and albomaculata were observed only in 200 Gy. Based on the biological damages on M2 plants, mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency were estimated. Both mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency reduced with the increase in the dose of irradiation. Regarding height reduction and lethality, the dose of 100 Gy in gamma treatment and 32.20 mM concentration in EMS treatment recorded maximum efficiency. The mutagenic effectiveness was found to be higher at gamma rays irradiated with 100 Gy and in EMS, in 24.15 mM concentration. The 100 Gray dose and 24.15 mM concentration was found to be highly effective for inducing mutation in kodo millet.
Early Generation Selection Parameters for Genetic Improvement using Morpho-physiological and Seed Yield Components in Brassica species
Authors: Sharma Akhil , Kumari Vedna , Rana Amit 
Published: February 2022

Aims: To determine the best selection indices for seed yield improvement in Brassica crops
Place of Study: Experimental Farm of Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, CSK HPKV, Palampur, during rabi 2018-19.
Methodology: The experimental material for the investigation comprised of twenty five advanced breeding lines including released varieties of four different Brassica species laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications which were evaluated for correlation (genotypic and phenotypic) studies, direct and indirect effects using various growth parameters and yield contributing traits.
Results: Analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic variances for all the growth parameters and seed yield components under study except for Leaf Area Index (LAI), number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, siliquae per plant and harvest index. Correlation coefficients at phenotypic level indicated that seed yield per plant had significant positive correlations with relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area ratio (LAR), number of secondary branches per plant, siliquae per plant, seeds per siliqua, 1000-seed weight, biological yield per plant and harvest index while it had significant negative association with specific leaf weight (SLW), days to 50% flowering, days to 75% maturity and number of primary branches per plant. Path coefficient analysis revealed that biological yield per plant followed by harvest index had high positive direct as well as indirect effects on seed yield.
Conclusion: Biological yield per plant and harvest index could be considered most important characters for improvement of seed yield both directly and indirectly in different Brassica species. Therefore, these traits could be preferred as the best selection indices in future for genetic improvement of rapeseed-mustard.
Demographic and Serum Alanine Aminotransferase level of Primary Health Care Workers Positive for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Hepatitis C Virus in Cross River North, Nigeria
Authors: Sylvester Enaiho Oriasotie , Ogbonna Ezeh Charles , Oseremen Dic-Ijiewere Ebenezer , Samson Olerimi , Ehitare Ekhoye 
Published: February 2022

Background: Healthcare workers (HCW) are perceived to be a high-risk group for hepatitis B due to occupational exposure to infected bodily fluids and often poor availability of protective equipment in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was carried out to assess the serums ALT levels of Primary Health Care workers (PHCW) who are reactive to Hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C virus and evaluate their sociodemographic characteristics amongst.
Methods: The study was carried out in the health care centres of five (5) local government areas of Cross River North Senatorial district of Cross River State, Nigeria which includes Bekwarra, Obanliku, Obudu, Ogoja and Yala local government areas. These primary health care centres provide medical services for patients diagnosed with Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV. Two hundred (200) health workers’ samples were analysed in the study.
Results: The result showed that 192 (96%) of the subjects tested negative to hepatitis B Virus while 8 (4%) were positive for the virus. Data also show that 198 (99%) of the subjects tested negative to Hepatitis C Virus while 2 (1%) were positive. Alanine aminotransferase decreased in subjects that tested positive to the Hepatitis B and C Virus.
Conclusion: The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis C amongst Health Care Workers was insignificant, and this could be attributed to the knowledge and attitude of the workers towards safety practices as well as vaccination.
Case Report on Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Pothale Bhuvaneshwari B. , Gujar Samruddhi 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune condition in which there is an abnormal low level of platelets. This is also called as Thrombopenia. The word Thrombocytopenia is derived from English word “Thrombocyte” which means “Platelet” and Greek word “Penia” which means “Poverty’.
Clinical Findings: Persistent reddish lesion, generalized weakness.
Diagnostic Evaluation : Blood test – Hb-11.2 %,RBC -6.06 million /cu mm , Total WBC Count – 10400 /cu mm , Platelet -0.25 lacs /cu mm , Monocyte – 0.6, Granulocyte – 44 % Lymphocyte -48 % , RDW -15.2 % , HCT-35.8%,Prothrombin Time -1.02 (12.8), APTT (Patient Count ) 30.7 % , RBS -104 mg/dl.
Peripheral Smear: RBCs-Predominantly normocytic mildly hypochromic with few microcytic RBCs seen. Platelets –Reduced on smear. APC -37000 cells / mm cu as per cell counter no haemoparasit seen. Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) by Enzyme - linked Immunoassay Lactate Dehydrogenase. Method -0.69 LDH – 205 Ultrasonography – Grade 1 fatty liver.
Therapeutic Intervention: 5 unit platelet concentrate transfusion, Inj. Methyl Prednisolone 500 mg × (2 Days), Tab. Prednisolone 30 mg Tab. Autrin , Tab. Metformin 1 gm , Tab. Glipizide 5 mg.
Outcome: After treatment, patient show improvement. His platelet count was improved and sugar level were normal and his platelet count increased from 0.45 lacs /cu mm to 0.25 lacs / cu mm after platelet transfusion.
Conclusion: My patient was admitted in High Dependency Unit. Archya Vinobha Bhave Rural Hospital with a case of Thrombocytopenia and he had complaint of persistent reddish lesion, generalized weakness. After getting appropriate treatment, his condition was improved.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) About Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 among the General Public
Authors: Balaprabha G. Ramya , Priyanka K. , Jerusha T. Ruth , Hemanth G. , Sushmitha S. Catherine , Rao T. Rama 
Published: February 2022

Background: A Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) survey is a quantitative method (predefined questions formatted in standardized questionnaires) that provides qualitative and quantitative information. Measure the extent of a known situation; provides new tangents of a situations reality This has resulted in the public becoming more cautious, thereby minimizing the transmission of the disease to a certain level.
Introduction: COVID-19 (COVID-19 is disease caused by a new strain of Coronavirus. ’CO’ stands for corona, ’VI’ for virus, and ‘D’ for disease. the most common symptoms which appear 2-14 days after exposure [1].Headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, sore throat and muscle weakness are some of the less common symptoms experienced by some people, while some others may not develop any symptoms until later. This study is conducted to understand the extent of awareness among the general public and the importance of preventing the spread of Coronavirus infection in the community. An online questionnaire survey is conducted consisting the essential parameters about the important aspects of disease spread.
Objective: To assess Coronavirus awareness among people. To understand the attitude of people towards Coronavirus
Results: A total number of 564 participants took part In this study during the study period of 6months. Among which 325 were male and 239 were female. The male participants compromised the majority percentage (57%) of the total number of participants while the female participants comprised only (42.4%) of the participants. The result showed a significant correlation between female gender, higher age, and higher education, with knowledge, attitude, and practice.
Conclusion: To adhere to the guidelines released by the Government and the guidelines provided by the WHO have played an extremely vital role in improving the knowledge and awareness among the general population which in turn brought positive effects in people’s attitude and practices towards Coronavirus since the WHO’s declaration of Coronavirus as a pandemic. This has resulted in the public becoming more cautious, thereby minimizing the transmission of the disease to a certain level. Several public health measures which are now being implemented around the world will hopefully diminish the spread of the virus while safe and effective treatments and vaccines are being developed to terminate it.
Biochemical and Histological Evaluation of Penoxsulam Herbicide on an Animal Model
Authors: Chaurasia Vidushi , Aggarwal M. L. , Garg Manoj Chandra 
Published: February 2022

Aims: Many herbicides react to the body system and might effect the activity of hormones in the human body. The present work aims to determine the potential impact of 90 days of repeated exposure to Penoxsulam herbicide by oral gavage on the Liver, Kidney, Thyroid endocrine profile and biochemical stress in the wistar rat model.
Study Design: The primary study was performed to Wistar rats grouped into 6 groups. Four groups were picked for low dose, middle dose, high dose, and high recovery dose, respectively. They were administered the Penoxsulam at dose levels of 100, 300, 500 mg/kg body weight. Similarly, 2 recovery groups were classified as control and recovery control groups, and doses were administered to them only through the corn oil (vehicle) via the oral route with the help of a suitable cannula for 90 days.
Place and Duration of Study: Toxicology department, Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi (INDIA), July 2020 and June 2021.
Methodology: In this study, healthy 60 male and 60 female Wistar rats aged 6-8 weeks, weighing
130-190 gm, were used. Before commencing the study, permission from IAEC (Institutional animal ethics committee) was taken for this experiment (CPCSEA).
Results: This study evaluates significant changes in the body weight of rats; moreover, Penoxsulam elevated the significance level of SGOT, SGPT, BUN, Urea, and Creatinine. No alterations were seen in Hematology parameters and Ophthalmology examination. Also, physiological changes were examined after exposure to penoxsulam in rats.
Conclusion: Therefore, Penoxsulam showed harmful toxic effects on the Kidney and Liver. However, no alteration has been seen in the thyroid profile (T3 triiodothyronine, T4 thyroxine, TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone) of Wistar rats during the experimentation period.
Effect of Concentrated and Dilute Hydrochloric Acid on Tooth Morphology: A Forensic Study
Authors: Britina . , Priya V. Vishnu , Arthanari Abirami , Gayathri R. , Kavitha S. , Reshma P. K. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Teeth are the most durable structure present in our human body because of the presence of enamel which persist and resist destruction more than any other bony structure. Hard nature with high amount of resistance of tissues present in the tooth prevents any destruction which increases the lifespan of the tooth.
Aim: The main aim of this study is to observe the changes in tooth morphology when immersed in dilute and concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Materials and Methods: Non-caries teeth extracted due to periodontal reasons were used from the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The tooth added to alternate dilute and concentrated hydrochloric acid was observed till 6th day and the changes were noted along with the photographs as observations.
Results: The tooth left in concentrated HCl showed rapid dissolution and was completely dissolved within 24 hours. Tooth left in dilute HCl dissolved gradually and showed less dissolution when compared to concentrated HCl.
Conclusion: Most durable teeth also undergo erosion and dissolution when placed in dilute HCl and concentrated HCl. Teeth act as a major clue in the field of forensic odontology.
Effect of Angiotensin Receptor Blocker and Probiotics in Caffeine-Induced Anxiety Model
Authors: Verma Pooja , Anwar Siraj 
Published: February 2022

Aim: To evaluate to anti-anxiety effectof probiotics and angiotensine receptor blocker in caffeine induced anxiety rat model.
Methodology: The study was conducted in six groups (n=6). Caffeine was given intraperitoneally at a dosage of 25 mg/kg each day for 14 days. Blood samples, body temperature, and glucose measurements were taken prior to the trial. Caffeine was given intraperitoneally to G1-G5 mice at a dosage of 25 mg/kg. For groups 3 and 4, a probiotic formulation was given orally following the caffeine dosage. In group 5, a probiotic topical gel (30 mg) was given topically to the animals' foreheads. Diazepam (1 mg/kg) was given to group 2 animals.
Results: The body weight was not changed significantly throughout the study period in all the groups. Mortality and clinical signs were not observed during study. When compared to the anxiety control group, there was no statistical significance in either of the groups' glucose levels. There was no statistical significance in Hemoglobin (Hb) levels of animals on day 14 when we compare with anxiety control group. The changes in SGOT and SGPT levels were not found to be statistically significant. There was no statistical significance in rectal temperature of animals. There was no statistical significance in all the groups in hot plate readings on day 7 when compared with anxiety control group. Whereas there was significance increase in latency time (time spent) was observed in group 2 & group 6 when compared to anxiety control group on day 14. Probiotic high dosage and probiotic topic gel treated animals similarly spent significantly more time in open arms than anxiety control animals (P< 0.01). High serotonin levels were observed In the anxiety control rats .however it reduced in treatment groups.
Conclusion: The study concludes the potential benefit of probiotics and Losartan for the treatment of caffeine induced anxiety.
Spectrophotometric Assessment of Benzene 1,3,5-Triol in Pure Forms and in Bulk Sample by Diazotiization Coupling Reaction
Authors: Al-Rufaie Mohauman Mohammed Majeed , Jawad Aymen Abdul Rasool , Al-Iessa Lamia Abdultef Risan 
Published: February 2022

The method was published for determining microgram quantities of benzene 1,3,5-triol (phloroglucinol) in aqueous solution and some bulk samples using an easy, quick, and effective spectrophotometric method. The method uses a diazotization as well as coupling process in basic medium to produce a bright yellow water-soluble dye from Phloroglucinol and diazotized 4-Methoxy aniline That is stable and also has a maximum absorption wavelength of 420 nm. With a molar absorptivity of 1.5989x 104l mol-1 cm-1 as well as index of Sand ell sensitivity 0.001 g.cm- 2, Beer's law is followed across a concentration range of (2-40) g.ml-1 of phloroglucinol.The ideal conditions for all color development are detailed, and even the suggested procedures for determining phloroglucinol in aqueous medium as well as some bulk sample have been successfully employed.
Preliminary Investigation on the Prevalence and Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern of Bacteria Associated with the Spoilage of Avocado Pear (Persea americana) Sold within Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Okeh C. O. , Igwe P. C. , Uzoh C. V. , Chukwu O. S. , Owolabi O. J. , Ugwu B. , Aroh K. E. , Yusuf I. 
Published: February 2022

The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteria associated with spoilage of avocado pear(Persea americana) were studied.A total of sixteen (16) avocado pear samples were collected from various markets in Abakaliki and these samples were bacteriologically examined.The five (5) bacterial isolates were characterized and identified on the basis of morphological, Gram staining and biochemical tests. The total aerobic plate count was 3.5 x 105 CFU/g. Out of sixteen samples of avocado pear examined, thirty two bacteria were identified which included Staphylococcus aureus 4 (12.5%), Escherichia coli 10(31.2%), Salmonella species 7(21.8%), Shigella species 5(15.6%) and Klebsiella species 6(18.7%). Escherichia coli 10(31.2%) showed the highest percentage prevalence while Staphylococcus aureus 4 (12.5%) showed the least percentage prevalence. Bacteria isolated from the avocado pear samples were highly resistant to more than 55% of the antibiotics tested in this study. E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella and Klebsiella species isolated were also found to be 100% resistant to ceftazidime and oxacillin. The Salmonella and E. coli were found to be highly resistant to over 50% of the tested antibiotics. However, some of the Salmonella and E. coli isolates were also found to be susceptible to gentanicin, ciprofloxacine and ofloxacin. Shigella, Klebsiella and S. aureus were also found to be susceptible to some of the tested antibiotics including ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. However, the high rates of resistance found in this study showed that some fruits were heavily contaminated with pathogens that may cause infections in humans when ingested.