bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE PREDICTION OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK (ANN) AND GENETIC ALGORITHM (GA)
Authors: Ibrahim Douglas , Ahmadu Asabe Sandra , Malgwi Yusuf Musa , Ahmad Bamanga Mahmud 
Published: January 2022

The hepatitis B virus causes a liver infection called hepatitis B (HBV). It might be severe and go away on its own. Some kinds, however, can be persistent, leading to cirrhosis and liver cancer. HBV can be transmitted to others without the individual being aware of it; some persons have no symptoms, while others only have the first infection, which later resolves. Others develop a chronic illness as a result of their condition. In chronic cases, the virus attacks the liver for an extended period of time without being detected, causing irreparable liver damage. The manual approach has a high number of errors due to human decision-making, and visual screening is time-consuming, tiresome, and costly in terms of manpower. To predict the occurrence of Hepatitis virus (HBV), this research project thesis suggested an algorithm; Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and genetic algorithm (GA). To develop, evaluate and validate the performance of the model developed using ANN. Medical records of nine hundred patients were collected in the Northern Senatorial District (Mubi South), Central Senatorial District (Hong), and Southern Senatorial District (Ganye) regions of Adamawa state, Nigeria. Three hundred (300) patient records were collected from each general hospital, for a total of 900 patient records. The success of the proposed technique is demonstrated when ANN is paired with GA, Accuracy (66.30%), Specificity (66.33%), and Sensitivity (77.53%) were discovered. In this study, hepatitis B virus (HBV) was predicted using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) classifier and Genetic algorithm optimization tool were used to select the features that are responsible for hepatitis B virus (Sex, Loss of Appetite, Nausea and vomiting, Yellowish skin and eye, Stomach pain, Pain in muscles and joint). The prediction was found to have acceptable performance measures which will reduce future incidence of the outbreak and aid timely response of medical experts.
Keywords: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Prediction, Features, Classification.
Data assimilation of CrIS NH3 satellite observations for improving spatiotemporal NH3 distributions in LOTOS-EUROS
Authors: van der Graaf Shelley , Dammers Enrico , Segers Arjo , Kranenburg Richard , Schaap Martijn , Shephard Mark W. , Erisman Jan Willem 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric levels of ammonia (NH3) have substantially increased during the last century, posing a hazard to both human health and environmental quality. The atmospheric budget of NH3, however, is still highly uncertain due to an overall lack of observations. Satellite
observations of atmospheric NH3 may help us in the current observational and knowledge gaps. Recent observations of the Cross-track
Infrared Sounder (CrIS) provide us with daily, global distributions of NH3. In this study, the CrIS NH3 product is assimilated
into the LOTOS-EUROS chemistry transport model using two different methods aimed at improving the modeled spatiotemporal NH3 distributions. In the first method NH3 surface concentrations from CrIS are used to fit spatially varying NH3 emission time
factors to redistribute model input NH3 emissions over the year. The second method uses the CrIS NH3 profile to adjust the
NH3 emissions using a local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF) in a top-down approach. The two methods are tested separately and
combined, focusing on a region in western Europe (Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands). In this region, the mean CrIS NH3 total columns
were up to a factor 2 higher than the simulated NH3 columns between 2014 and 2018, which, after assimilating the CrIS NH3
columns using the LETKF algorithm, led to an increase in the total NH3 emissions of up to approximately 30 %. Our results illustrate that CrIS NH3 observations can be used successfully to estimate spatially variable NH3 time factors and improve NH3 emission distributions temporally, especially in spring (March to May). Moreover, the use of the CrIS-based NH3 time factors resulted in an improved comparison with the onset and duration of the NH3 spring peak observed at observation sites at hourly resolution in the Netherlands. Assimilation of the CrIS NH3 columns with the LETKF algorithm is mainly advantageous for improving the spatial concentration distribution of the modeled NH3 fields. Compared to in situ observations, a combination of both methods led to the most significant improvements in modeled monthly NH3 surface concentration and NH4+ wet deposition fields, illustrating the usefulness of the CrIS NH3 products to improve the temporal representativity of the model and better constrain the budget in agricultural areas.
Investigating controls of shell growth features in a foundation bivalve species: seasonal trends and decadal changes in the California mussel
Authors: Vriesman Veronica Padilla , Carlson Sandra J. , Hill Tessa M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Marine bivalve mollusk shells can offer valuable insights into past oceanographic variability and seasonality. Given its ecological and
archeological significance, Mytilus californianus (California mussel) presents the opportunity to examine seasonal and decadal changes
recorded in its shell over centuries to millennia. While dark–light growth bands in M. californianus shells could be advantageous for
reconstructing past environments, uncertainties remain regarding shell structure, environmental controls of dark–light-band formation, and the
amount of time represented by a dark–light pair. By analyzing a suite of M. californianus shells collected in 2002, 2003, 2019, and 2020
from Bodega Bay, California, we describe the mineralogical composition; establish relationships among the growth band pattern, micro-environment, and
collection season; and compare shell structure and growth band expression between the archival (2002–2003) and modern (2019–2020) shells. We
identified three mineralogical layers in M. californianus: an outer prismatic calcite layer, a middle aragonite layer, and a secondary
inner prismatic calcite layer, which makes M. californianus the only Mytilus species to precipitate a secondary calcite
layer. Within the inner calcite layer, light bands are strongly correlated with winter collection months and could be used to reconstruct periods
with moderate, stable temperatures and minimal upwelling. Additionally, modern shells have significantly thinner inner calcite layers and more
poorly expressed growth bands than the archival shells, although we also show that growth band contrast is strongly influenced by the
micro-environment. Mytilus californianus from northern California is calcifying differently, and apparently more slowly, than it was
20 years ago.
Program Pascasarjana STIEM PENGARUH KOMITMEN ORGANISASI, BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING TERHADAP KINERJA PADA KANTOR DINAS KOPERASI DAN UKM KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Muhammadin Akhmad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract : The type of research used is descriptive esplanatory survey (explanation) analysis using a quantitative approach and processing the data so that it is tangible in number data, the population in this study namely all employees of the Makassar City Cooperatives and SMEs Service amounted 48 respondents. The sampling technique is by using saturated sampling (total sample). Analysis of the data used in testing the hypothesis, namely Partial Least Square (PLS). The partial test results on path coefficients show that organizational commitment and job satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on performance, while organizational culture and compensation have no significant effect on performance. Organizational commitment has a positive and insignificant effect on satisfaction, organizational culture and compensation have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction.

Keyword : Organizational culture, organizational commitment, compensation, satisfaction and performance.
A inclusão na voz das professoras: emoções, sentidos e práticas no chão de escola sob a perspectiva histórico-cultural
Authors: Venâncio Ana Carolina Lopes , Faria Paula Maria Ferreira de , Camargo Denise de 
Published: January 2022

Este artigo apresenta os achados de duas pesquisas qualitativas realizadas junto a professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, cujas temáticas abordam a inclusão escolar. O primeiro estudo objetivou investigar o potencial de um grupo de apoio entre professores no atendimento à diversidade e à inclusão, utilizando a metodologia proposta por Nicolini (2013). O segundo estudo investigou as emoções docentes em relação à inclusão escolar, utilizando entrevistas estruturadas, semiestruturadas e a produção de fotografias pelas professoras. Ambas as pesquisas seguem os referenciais da Teoria Histórico-Cultural e enfatizam a emoção como promotora das práticas de ensino e de aprendizagem. As professoras participantes relataram emoções como alegria, satisfação, frustração, solidão e desamparo frente ao processo inclusivo, indicando a necessidade da criação de redes que apoiem professores e gestores e informem as famílias e a comunidade escolar sobre o real contexto legal, prático e simbólico da inclusão. As participantes sugerem ainda o fortalecimento interno das equipes para maior alcance do ato de incluir, apontando a formação docente como chave para o sucesso desse movimento. Os resultados indicam que, apesar das vivências emocionais contraditórias acerca da inclusão, as professoras têm se dedicado a superar barreiras práticas e emocionais para aprimorar sua ação e atender a diversidade presente nas salas de aula. Reforçam também a necessidade da formação de grupos de apoio que valorizem os aspectos cognitivos e emocionais de professores e alunos, buscando garantir a qualidade de trabalho e vida docente e a aprendizagem significativa de todos os estudantes.
Facial injury patterns associated with stand-up electric scooters in unhelmeted riders
Authors: Kim Hyeon Seok , Kim Woo Seob , Kim Han Koo , Kang Shin Hyuk , Bae Tae Hui 
Published: January 2022

Background In recent years, the number of people riding stand-up electric scooters in South Korea has increased rapidly. This study analyzed the facial injury patterns associated with stand-up electric scooter-related trauma in patients who visited our emergency center.
Methods In this retrospective review, we collected data from patients who had visited our emergency center for stand-up electric scooter-related trauma between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020.
Results The average age of the patients was 26.7 years. Of the 73 patients, 47 were male and 26 were female, highlighting a male predominance. Seven patients were injured after alcohol consumption. None of the patients had worn helmets. Additionally, upon comparing the frequency of facial injuries according to the quarter of the year, the facial injury rate was higher in the second and third quarters than in the first and fourth quarters. Facial soft tissue injuries were classified into facial cosmetic subunits and analyzed according to their location. The highest number of injuries was on the chin (n=18, 20.9%). Of the 73 patients with stand-up electric scooter-related facial injuries, 16 had acute facial osseous fractures. The commonest acute facial osseous fractures were those of the orbit (n=7, 26.9%).
Conclusions The patterns of facial trauma reported here can be helpful for quickly evaluating and treating patients with facial trauma related to stand-up electric scooters. Additionally, people riding stand-up electric scooters should be aware of the risks associated with facial trauma and the importance of wearing protective devices, such as helmets and masks.
Multiscale Anisotropic Tissue Biofabrication via Bulk Acoustic Patterning of Cells and Functional Additives in Hybrid Bioinks
Authors: Chansoria Parth , Asif Suleman , Gupta Nithin , Piedrahita Jorge , Shirwaiker Rohan A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecapitulation of the microstructural organization of cellular and extracellular components found in natural tissues is an important but challenging feat for tissue engineering, which demands innovation across both process and material fronts. In this work, a highly versatile ultrasound‐assisted biofabrication (UAB) approach is demonstrated that utilizes radiation forces generated by superimposing ultrasonic bulk acoustic waves to rapidly organize arrays of cells and other biomaterial additives within single and multilayered hydrogel constructs. UAB is used in conjunction with a novel hybrid bioink system, comprising of cartilage‐forming cells (human adipose‐derived stem cells or chondrocytes) and additives to promote cell adhesion (collagen microaggregates or polycaprolactone microfibers) encapsulated within gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels, to fabricate cartilaginous tissue constructs featuring bulk anisotropy. The hybrid matrices fabricated under the appropriate synergistic thermo‐reversible and photocrosslinking conditions demonstrate enhanced mechanical stiffness, stretchability, strength, construct shape fidelity and aligned encapsulated cell morphology and collagen II secretion in long‐term culture. Hybridization of UAB is also shown with extrusion and stereolithography printing to fabricate constructs featuring 3D perfusable channels for vasculature combined with a crisscross or circumferential organization of cells and adhesive bioadditives, which is relevant for further translation of UAB toward complex physiological‐scale biomimetic tissue fabrication.
MXenes for Energy Harvesting
Authors: Wang Yizhou , Guo Tianchao , Tian Zhengnan , Bibi Khadija , Zhang Yi‐Zhou , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEnergy harvesting modules play an increasingly important role in the development of autonomous self‐powered microelectronic devices. MXenes (i.e., 2D transition metal carbide/nitride) have recently emerged as promising candidates for energy applications due to their excellent electronic conductivity, large specific surface area, and tunable properties. Herein, a perspective on using MXenes to harvest energy from various sources in the environment is presented. First, the characteristics of MXenes that facilitate energy capturing are systematically introduced and the preparation strategies of MXenes and their derived nanostructures tailored toward such applications are summarized. Subsequently, the harvesting mechanism of different energy sources (e.g., solar energy, thermoelectric energy, triboelectric energy, piezoelectric energy, salinity‐gradient energy, electrokinetic energy, ultrasound energy, and humidity energy) are discussed. Then, the recent progress of MXene‐based nanostructures in energy harvesting, as well as their applications, is introduced. Finally, opinions on the existing challenges and future directions of MXene‐based nanostructure for energy harvesting are presented.
Modulating the aggregation of amyloid proteins by macrocycles
Authors: Li Gao , Li Yan‐Mei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe aggregation of amyloid proteins has been suggested to be the main cause of multiple human disorders; for example, amyloid β aggregates in Alzheimer's disease and α‐synuclein aggregates in Parkinson's disease. In the search for therapeutic medicines, many molecules have been discovered and developed to modulate the aggregation of amyloid proteins. This century has witnessed the flourishing growth of supramolecular chemistry, and some biocompatible macrocycles have been proven to inhibit the aggregation of some amyloid proteins via host‐guest interactions and could thus be used for the prevention or treatment of related diseases. Here, we review the application of macrocycles in modulating the aggregation of amyloid proteins.
Design space description through adaptive sampling and symbolic computation
Authors: Zhao Fei , Grossmann Ignacio E. , García‐Muñoz Salvador , Stamatis Stephen D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDesign space definition is one of the key parts in pharmaceutical research and development. In this article, we propose a novel solution strategy to explicitly describe the design space without recourse decisions. First, to smooth the boundary, the Kreisselmeier–Steinhauser (KS) function is applied to aggregate all inequality constraints. Next, for creating a surrogate polynomial model of the KS function, we focus on finding sampling points on the boundary of KS space. After performing Latin hypercube sampling (LHS), two methods are presented to efficiently expand the boundary points, that is, line projection to the boundary through any two feasible LHS points and perturbation around the adaptive sampling points. Finally, a symbolic computation method, cylindrical algebraic decomposition, is applied to transform the surrogate model into a series of explicit and triangular subsystems, which can be converted to describe the KS space. Two case studies show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and vascular liver disease: Eculizumab therapy decreases mortality and thrombotic complications
Authors: Plessier Aurélie , Esposito‐Farèse Marina , Baiges Anna , Shukla Akash , Garcia Pagan Juan Carlos , De Raucourt Emmanuelle , Ollivier‐Hourmand Isabelle , Cervoni Jean‐Paul , De Ledinghen Victor , Tazi Zoubida , Nousbaum Jean‐Baptiste , Bun René , Bureau Christophe , Silvain Christine , Tournilhac Olivier , Gerfaud‐Valentin Mathieu , Durand François , Goria Odile , Tellez Luis , Albillos Agustin , Gioia Stefania , Riggio Oliviero , De Gottardi Andrea , Payance Audrey , Rautou Pierre‐Emmanuel , Terriou Louis , Charbonnier Aude , Elkrief Laure , de la Tour Regis Peffault , Valla Dominique‐Charles , Gault Nathalie , de Fontbrune Flore Sicre 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA total of 2%–10% of patients with vascular liver disease (VLD) have paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Eculizumab reduces complement‐mediated haemolytic activity in PNH. This study was aimed at assessing the impact of eculizumab on VLD outcome. Retrospective cohort of PNH patients, in Valdig registry, who had VLD diagnosed between 1997 and 2019 is considered. Eculizumab was the exposure of interest. Studied outcomes were death, venous thrombosis, bleeding, arterial ischemic event, infection, and liver‐related complications. We compared survival and new thrombotic events from PNH/VLD cohort to Envie2 non‐PNH cohort. Sixty‐two patients (33 women), median age 35 years (28–48) and median follow‐up VLD diagnosis 4.7 years (1.2–9.5), were included. Clone size was 80% (70–90), median hemoglobin concentration was 10.0 g/dl (8–11), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was 736 IU (482–1744). Forty‐two patients (68%) had eculizumab; median exposure time was 40.1 [9.3–72.6] months. Mortality was significantly lower in exposed versus nonexposed period: 2.6 versus 8.7 per 100 (PY), incidence rate ratio (IRR) was 0.29, 95% CI (0.1–0.9), p = .035. Thrombosis recurrence occurred less frequently during the exposure to eculizumab: 0.5 versus 2.8 per 100 PY, IRR 0.22 (0.07–0.64). Other secondary end points (i.e., bleeding, arterial ischemic lesions, infection, and liver complications) were less common during the exposure to eculizumab, although not reaching statistical significance. Six‐year thrombosis‐free survival was 70%, 95% CI [0.60–0.83] for PNH cohort and 83%, 95% CI [0.70–1.00] for non‐PNH Envie 2 patients, (p < .001). In conclusion, patients with PNH and VLD are at higher risk of recurrent thrombosis than non‐PNH patients. Eculizumab is significantly associated with a lower mortality and less thrombotic recurrence in patients with PNH and VLD.
Severe asthma and death in a worker using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate MDI asthma death
Authors: Wisnewski Adam V. , Cooney Ryan , Hodgson Michael , Giese Kristinza , Liu Jian , Redlich Carrie A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDiisocyanates are well‐recognized to cause occupational asthma, yet diisocyanate asthma can be challenging to diagnose and differentiate from asthma induced by other allergens. The present study assesses the potential contribution of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) to a workplace fatality. Examination of medical records, tissue, and blood from the deceased worker were undertaken. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded lung tissue sections were assessed through histologic and immunochemical stains. Serum MDI‐specific IgE and IgG, and total IgE, were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays and/or Western blot. Information about potential chemical exposures and industrial processes in the workplace were provided by the employer and through interviews with co‐workers. Review of the worker's medical records, occupational history, and autopsy findings were consistent with severe asthma as the cause of death, and ruled out cardiac disease, pulmonary embolism, or stroke. Lung pathology revealed hallmarks of asthma including smooth muscle hypertrophy, eosinophilia, basement membrane thickening, and mucus plugging of bronchioles. Immunochemical staining for MDI was positive in the thickened basement membrane of inflamed airways. MDI‐specific serum IgE and IgG were significantly elevated and demonstrated specificity for MDI versus other diisocyanates, however, total serum IgE was normal (24 IU/ml). The workplace had recently introduced MDI into the foundry as part of a new process, but MDI air levels had not been measured. Respirators were not required. In summary, post‐mortem findings support the diagnosis of diisocyanate asthma and a severe asthma attack at work as the cause of death in a foundry worker.
Asymmetric Cyclopropanation and Epoxidation via a Catalytically Formed Chiral Auxiliary
Authors: Puriņš Mikus , Waser Jerome 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFor the enantioselective diversification of a single starting material, a different chiral catalyst is usually required for each transformation. Herein, we extend the concept of catalytically formed chiral auxiliary from hydrogenation to the asymmetric cyclopropanation and epoxidation of tetra‐substituted olefins, alleviating the need for different chiral catalysts in the alkene functionalization step. The chiral auxiliary is catalytically constructed from propargylic amines in a Pd‐catalyzed enantioselective carboetherification step using a commercially available trifluoroacetaldehyde hemiacetal tether. The installed auxiliary is then controlling the stereochemistry of the cyclopropanation and the epoxidation using standard highly reactive reagents to give enantioenriched spirocyclic aminomethylcyclopropanols and α‐amino‐α‐hydroxy ketones.
Electrochemical Fluorination of Vinyl Boronates through Donor‐Stabilized Vinyl Carbocation Intermediates**
Authors: Wigman Benjamin , Lee Woojin , Wei Wenjing , Houk Kendall N. , Nelson Hosea M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical generation of vinyl carbocations from alkenyl boronic esters and boronates is reported. Using easy‐to‐handle nucleophilic fluoride reagents, these intermediates are trapped to form fully substituted vinyl fluorides. Mechanistic studies support the formation of dicoordinated carbocations through sequential single‐electron oxidation events. Notably, this electrochemical fluorination features fast reaction times and Lewis acid‐free conditions. This transformation provides a complementary method to access vinyl fluorides with simple fluoride salts such as TBAF.