bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nomogram for predicting pathological discordance between colposcopy and cold knife conization findings in patients with colposcopically confirmed high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions
Authors: Shu-Ling WANG , Li Jiarong , Bai Ying , Wang XiuTing , Wei Yimiao , Wen SongQuan , Li Qi , Zhao Weihong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Inaccurate colposcopic diagnosis results in inappropriate management of cervical lesions. This study aimed to develop a nomogram for predicting the probability of discordance between colposcopic and cold knife conization (CKC) pathological findings.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients colposcopically diagnosed with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) who underwent CKC at the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from September 2018 to September 2021. To evaluate the accuracy of colposcopy for identifying HSIL, the pathological results of colposcopy and CKC were compared, with CKC results considered as the comparative gold standard. To determine the factors influencing colposcopic accuracy, the correlations between pathological discordance and clinical parameters were assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Based on the multivariate analysis results, a nomogram was developed and validated internally.
Results: Data from 607 patient records were analyzed. The colposcopic accuracy rate for identifying HSIL was 72.8%. Multivariate analysis showed that cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 3 (OR=9.455, P<0.001), positive endocervical curettage (ECC) (OR=5.407, P<0.001), findings of HSIL/atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude HSIL (ASC-H)/atypical glandular cells (AGC) (OR=1.791, P=0.044), and peripheral blood lymphocyte count (OR=0.523, P=0.018) were associated with colposcopic underestimation, while CIN 3 (OR=0.422, P<0.001), positive ECC (OR=0.306, P<0.001), findings of HSIL/ASC-H/AGC (OR=0.423, P=0.004), and peripheral blood monocyte count (OR=7.989, P=0.016) were associated with colposcopic overestimation. The above factors were used to construct nomograms for predicting colposcopic under- and overestimation, which had area under the curve values of 0.815 (95% CI: 0.767-0.863) and 0.742 (95% CI: 0.690-0.793) for under- and overestimation, respectively.
Conclusions: Our results suggested a significant discordance between colposcopic and conization pathological results, which can lead to unnecessary biopsies or delayed treatment. Our nomogram models may help estimate the probability of colposcopic under- and overestimation, thus aiding clinicians to create individualized treatment plans.
Polarization-sensitive intensity diffraction tomography
Authors: Joo Chulmin , Song Seungri , Kim Jeongsoo , Moon Taegyun , Seong Baekcheon , Kim Woovin , Yoo Chang-Hyuk , Choi Jun-Kyu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Optical anisotropy, which is an intrinsic property of many materials, originates from the structural arrangement of molecular structures, and to date, various polarization-sensitive imaging (PSI) methods have been developed to investigate the nature of anisotropic materials. In particular, the recently developed tomographic PSI technologies enable the investigation of anisotropic materials through volumetric mappings of the anisotropy distribution of these materials. However, these reported methods mostly operate on a single scattering model, and are thus not suitable for three-dimensional (3D) PSI imaging of multiple scattering samples. Here, we present a novel reference-free 3D polarization-sensitive computational imaging technique—polarization-sensitive intensity diffraction tomography (PS-IDT)—that enables the reconstruction of 3D anisotropy distribution of both weakly and multiple scattering specimens from multiple intensity-only measurements. A 3D anisotropic object is illuminated by circularly polarized plane waves at various illumination angles to encode the isotropic and anisotropic structural information into 2D intensity information. These information are then recorded separately through two orthogonal analyzer states, and a 3D Jones matrix is iteratively reconstructed based on the vectorial multi-slice beam propagation model and gradient descent method. We demonstrate the 3D anisotropy imaging capabilities of PS-IDT by presenting 3D anisotropy maps of various samples, including potato starch granules and tardigrade.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of Saposhnikovia divaricata to reveal drought and rehydration adaption strategies
Authors: Su Youla , Jiao Miaomiao , Guan Huan , Zhao Yuhuan , Deji Cuomu , Chen Guilin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Water scarcity has become one of the most prevalent environmental factors adversely affecting plant growth and development. Different species have developed multiple ways of drought resistance. Saposhnikovia divaricata is a commonly used traditional herb in East Asia. However, limited information is available on the drought response of this herb and further clarification of underlying molecular mechanism remains a challenge.
Methods and Results
In this study, a comparative transcriptome analysis was firstly conducted to identify the major pathways and candidate genes involved in the drought adaptive response of S. divaricata. The seedlings of S. divaricata were subjected to progressive drought by withholding water for 16 days followed by 8 days of rehydration. Transcriptome analysis identified a total of 89,784 annotated unigenes. The number of DEGs gradually increased with the deepening of drought and decreased after rehydration. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis suggested genes related to oxidoreductase activity, carbohydrate metabolism, plant hormone signaling pathway and secondary metabolism were important in drought response of S. divaricata. Specific genes involved in ROS removal system (POD, Cu/Zn-SOD, APX), abscisic acid and jasmonic acid signaling pathway (PYL4, PP2Cs, JAR1, JAZ) and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (4CL, CCR, CAD) underwent dynamic alterations under drought and rehydration. Finally, the expression pattern of 12 selected DEGs from the transcriptomic profiling were validated by RT-qPCR.
Conclusions
Our study laid a foundation for understanding the stress response of S. divaricata and other Apiaceae family plant at molecular level.
Nurses’ Knowledge, Practice, And Associated Factors Towards Postoperative Pediatric Pain Management in Selected Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022. Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tadesse Nuru , Wordofa Berhanu , Workineh Sosina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Pain is a leading cause for an individual to visit health care. Among pain, post-operative pediatric pain is a highly reported pain with poor outcomes among pediatric populations. For these poor outcomes, the contribution of nurses is significant as they are frontline in its management. So, this study aimed to determine nurses’ knowledge and practice toward postoperative pediatric pain management.
Methods: An Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on february15-March 15 and a purposive sampling technique was applied. A total of 245 nurses were involved from selected public hospitals. Data was collected by using self –administered structured questionnaire and after data collection, it was coded and then entered into the Epi Data Version 4.6 software and exported to the statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) Version 25 software for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done to identify factors that are associated with knowledge, and practice of postoperative pediatric pain management of nurses.
Results: The study showed that 42.5% of all the nurses had an overall good knowledge of postoperative pediatrics pain management while 38.1% had good practice of postoperative pediatrics pain management.It was found that, educational level; Diploma (AOR=0.04 [95% CI, 0.008-0.22]), BSc (AOR=0.107 [95% CI, 0.03-0.38]), year of nursing services; less than five years (AOR=0.009 [95% CI, 0.001-0.11]), pediatric pain management contents included in nursing curriculum (AOR= 5.96 [95% CI, 2.45-14.51]) and training (AOR=7.16 [95% CI, 2.33-22.04]) had significantly associated with nurses’ knowledge and practice towards postoperative pain management at < 0.05 p-value.
Conclusions: This study emphasized the importance of improved educational levels and on-site/ off-site training for nurses as it ensures improved pain management.
The Nice Robber Barons: Elites’ Support in Redistribution as a Seduction Strategy
Authors: Schwarz Mordechai E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article explores why certain classes achieved social rights peacefully while others had to fight and the counterintuitive elites’ support for redistribution. Using the overlapping-generations model platform, I describe the economy as a political confederation of sub-economies defined by different economic horizons and the political process as a recursivebiform contest. I show that the elites’ support for redistribution is aseduction strategyto calm political tension through temporary transfers to lower classes while maintaining the elites’ steady-state social superiority. I provide necessary conditions for political equilibrium and present an application that provides a theoretical basis for Director’s law.JEL classification: C7, D3, D6, H2, I3.
Maternal risk factors for low birthweight and macrosomia: A cross-sectional study in Northern Region, Ghana
Authors: Adjei-Gyamfi Silas , Musah Bashiru , Asirifi Abigail , Hammond John , Aryee Paul Armah , Miho Sato , Aiga Hirotsugu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background Abnormal birthweights are critical public health challenges accountable for most non-communicable diseases and perinatal mortalities. Regardless of the myriad of mixed evidence on maternal factors responsible for abnormal birthweight globally, most of these findings are attained from urban and rural settings. This study serves as one of key pieces of evidence in view of the increasing prevalence of abnormal birthweight particularly in some parts of semi-rural Ghana. The study therefore aims to estimate prevalence of abnormal birthweight and identify some possible maternal risk factors for abnormal birthweight in Northern Ghana. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Savelugu municipality from February-March 2022. A total of 356 mothers aged 16−46 years and having a child born during the last four weeks, were recruited as study participants. Data were collected from maternal and child health record books and through structured interviews. Bivariate (Chi-square and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests) and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses were employed to identify maternal factors for abnormal birthweight at 95% significance level. Results Prevalence rates of low birthweight and macrosomia were 22.2% and 8.7% respectively. Maternal anaemia in first trimester (aOR:4.041; 95%CI: 1.741−9.381) and third trimester (aOR:25.71; 95%CI: 8.245−80.18) of gestation were strong predictors for low birthweight. Mothers belonging to minority ethnic groups (aOR:0.089; 95%CI: 0.009−0.859); mothers who had ≥ 8 antenatal care visits (aOR:0.264; 95%CI: 0.112−0.622); and mothers having neonates whose birth length > 47.5cm (aOR:0.280; 95%CI: 0.117−0.670) had reduced odds for low birthweight. Alternatively, mothers with gestational weeks ≥ 42 had 9.713 times higher risk of giving birth to macrosomic neonates (95%CI: 2.127−44.34). Mothers were more likely to deliver macrosomic neonates through caesarian section (aOR:4.981; 95%CI: 1.498−16.57). Conclusion The prevalence rates of low birthweight and macrosomia were relatively high. Anaemia in the first and third trimesters, and advanced gestational and caesarian section delivery age were strong determinants of low birthweight and macrosomia respectively. Being minority ethnic group, frequency of antenatal care visits, and childbirth length reduced the risk of low-weight births. Hence, nutrition counseling, community health education, and promotion of lifestyle improvement coupled with strengthening of health service delivery are recommended interventions.
β-glucan alleviates goal-directed behavior in mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii strain
Authors: Cui Zeyu , Gong Yuying , Luo Xiaotong , Zheng Niuyi , Tan Shimin , Liu Shuxi , Li Youwei , Wang Qingling , Sun Fenfen , Hu Minmin , Pan Wei , Yang Xiaoying 
Published: September 2022

AbstractToxoplasma gondii(T. gondii) is a neuroinvasive parasite closely associated with a higher risk for several psycho-behavioral disorders. β-glucan is an immunomodulating ingredient extracted from mushrooms. In this study, we evaluated the effect of β-glucan on cognitive decline induced byT. gondiiinfection in mice chronically infected withT. gondiiWh6 strain. We demonstrated that intraperitoneal administration of β-glucan significantly preventedT. gondiiWh6-induced goal-directed behavioral impairment assessed behaviorally by Y-maze test and TOM test. In the prefrontal cortex, β-glucan counteredT. gondiiWh6-induced degeneration of neurites, impairment of synaptic ultrastructure and decrease of pre- and postsynaptic protein levels. Meanwhile, β-glucan significantly prevented microglial and astrocytes hyperactivation and proinflammatory cytokines upregulation caused by chronicT. gondiiWh6 infection. This study revealed that β-glucan prevents goal-directed behavioral impairment induced by chronicT. gondiiinfection in mice, provides an effective drug candidate for the prevention ofT. gondii-related psycho-behavioral disorders.
Analysis of Volatile Compounds by GCMS reveals the Geographical Origin of Cultivated Rice
Authors: Hu Shengying , Ren Hongbo , Song Yong , Liu Feng , Meng Li 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Due to the similarity in the grain and difference in the market value among many rice varieties, deliberate mislabeling and adulteration has become a serious problem. To check the authenticity, we aimed to discriminate rice varieties based on their volatile organic compounds (VOCs) composition by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The VOC profiles of nine varieties from Wuchang were compared to 11 rice varieties from other regions. Multivariate analysis and unsupervised clustering showed an unambiguous distinction between Wuchang rice and non-Wuchang rice. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) demonstrated a goodness of fit of 0.90 and a goodness of prediction of 0.85. The discriminating ability of volatile compounds is also supported by Random forest analysis. Our data revealed eight biomarkers including 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) that can be used for variation identification. Taken together, the current method can readily distinguish Wuchang rice from other varieties which it holds great potential in checking the authenticity of rice.
Strong HONO Emissions from Fertilized Soil in the North China Plain Driven by Nitrification and Water Evaporation
Authors: Xue Chaoyang , Ye Can , Liu Pengfei , Zhang Chenglong , Su Hang , Bao Fengxia , Cheng Yafang , Catoire Valéry , Ma Zhuobiao , Xiaoxi Zhao , Lu Keding , Liu Yuhan , McGillen Max , Mellouki Abdelwahid , Mu Yujing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Soil was proposed as an important nitrous acid (HONO) source but has not so far been demonstrated by field flux measurements. Here we conducted field flux measurements and found large HONO emission fluxes (FHONO) after the fertilization of agricultural fields in the North China Plain. FHONO showed distinct diurnal variations with noontime peaks up to hundreds of ng-N m-2 s-1. With soil samples where field measurements took place, our laboratory experiments subsequently found that the release of soil nitrification-originated nitrite as HONO was largely enhanced by soil surface water evaporation. This process was parameterized by a modified Arrhenius equation that reproduced field flux observations well. We estimated yearly 0.25 Tg-N/year HONO for global agricultural fertilizer-derived emissions, representing a considerable reactive nitrogen source and significantly affecting atmospheric oxidizing capacity and air quality. Furthermore, nitrification inhibitors could reduce HONO emissions by 90%, indicating their great potential to mitigate regional air pollution.
What are Factors Influencing on Life Space Mobility in Cancer Survivors after Hematopoietic Stem CellTransplantation? -Physical and Psychological Function, Physical Symptoms, Environment, or Employment Status?
Authors: Inoue Junichiro , Saito Takashi , Makiura Daisuke , Ono Rei , Doi Hisayo , Yakushijin Kimikazu , Sakai Yoshitada 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The amount of physical activity in daily life is important to maintain the physical and mental health of cancer survivors after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). As the physical activity is considered to be limited by the life space mobility (LSM), it is more important to maintain and expand the LSM in post-HSCT survivors. The purpose of this study was to clarify the factors that affect the LSM in post-HSCT survivors.
Methods: Thirty cancer survivors after HSCT (14 women, mean age 52.0±12.3 years, 196-3,017 days post-HSCT) were included in this cross-sectional study. Patient characteristics, employment status, life space (Life Space Assessment; LSA), physical function (grip strength, isometric knee extension strength, 5 chair stand test, walking speed), depression (Self-rating Depression Scale; SDS), fatigue (Cancer Fatigue Scale), and neighborhood environment (Walk ScoreⓇ). The association between LSA and each factor was compared by correlation analysis. Then, multiple regression analysis was conducted, with LSA as the dependent variable and age, gender, and outcome measures that showed significant correlation with LSA in the correlation analysis as the independent variables.
Results: The variables that showed significant correlation with LSA were SDS (r=－0.65, p<.01), employment status (r=－0.60, p<.01), grip strength (r=0.43, p=0.02), and isometric knee extension strength (r=0.40, p=0.03). Results of multiple regression analysis shows that SDS (β=－0.52, p<.01), employment status (β=0.49, p<.01), and isometric knee extension strength (β=0.29, p=0.02) were significantly associated with LSA (R2=0.75)
Conclusion: Depression, employment status, and isometric knee extension strength were found to be related to the LSM in post-HSCT survivors.
Clinical and Biochemical diagnostic measures of sarcopenia in trauma and emergency laparotomy elderly patients. (PILOT STUDY)
Authors: MBChB Summer Hassan – , Pitesa Renato , MacCormick Andrew 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background:
Sarcopenia is the progressive decline in muscle quality and function attributed to aging. It is a prevalent global problem associated with worse morbidity and mortality outcomes. This risk is even higher in patients who have suffered a major trauma or those requiring an emergency laparotomy as a result of an intra-abdominal injury or to address an acute illness. Therefore, prompt diagnosis of sarcopenia is key to identifying high-risk patients for appropriate management planning and risk mitigation. Computed tomography (CT) remains the current gold standard diagnostic modality. This study aims to interrogate the utility of clinical and biochemical tests in identifying sarcopenia in elderly patients admitted to the hospital for trauma or emergency laparotomy. These measures may provide feasible, cost-efficient, and portable diagnostic tools, complementing or substituting the radiological measures established for diagnosing this condition.
Methods:
Forty eligible participants aged 65 years or older, admitted to Middlemore hospital for trauma or emergency laparotomy were included in the study. Clinical assessments performed included: midarm muscle circumference (MAMC), Appendicular skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength (HGS), as well as 2 questionnaires. Thirteen biochemical markers were collected. For all patients who had a CT abdomen in the first week of their admission, the Total Psoas Major Cross-sectional area (TPMCSA) was assessed. The CT scans were conducted pre-operatively where possible as dictated by the patient's hemodynamic stability. Correlations between these measures and morbidity and mortality risks were assessed, in addition to correlations between the clinical and radiological measures.
Results:
Duke Activity Status Index questionnaire, free triiodothyronine, and Albumin levels correlated with the length of inpatient stay. Some clinical measures including HGS, and MAMC showed a positive correlation with TPMCSA. Similarly, biochemical measures including free triiodothyronine and Brain natriuretic peptide demonstrated correlations with TPMCSA.
Conclusion:
Some clinical and biochemical measures may prove to be useful surrogates to radiological scans in diagnosing sarcopenia to predict patients’ outcomes in trauma and emergency laparotomy settings.
Distribution of the health workers in the tuberculosis sector, Mongolia: Assessment results using the Gini index
Authors: Erdenee Oyunchimeg , Paramita Sekar Ayu , Tsolmon Bilegtsaikhan , Tumenbayar Oyuntuya , Demchig Ariunbolor , Jantsansengee Baigalmaa , Jadambaa Bayarsaikhan , Purevdagva Anuzaya , Tumenjargal Amartuvshin , Hamazaki Kei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization has declared Mongolia as one of the 30 countries with the highest tuberculosis burden in 2021 and tuberculosis is the first leading cause of mortality among deaths from all communicable diseases in the country. The number and distribution of health workers to provide tuberculosis healthcare services will play an important role in the fight against tuberculosis. However, there has been no quantitative evaluation of the distribution of tuberculosis health workers in Mongolia. Therefore, the study aimed to examine the distribution of health workers in the tuberculosis sector using the Gini index for the first time.
Methods
Data from the National Center for Communicable Diseases and the National Statistical Information Service of Mongolia was obtained and analyzed. The Gini coefficients were calculated to reflect the inequality of distributions.
Results
Total number of health workers in the tuberculosis sector was only 1.2 per 10,000 population. The Gini index values for the distribution of tuberculosis doctors, assistant workers, nurses, and laboratory technicians were at 0.61, 0.67, 0.43, and 0.33 respectively, all showing a range from severe to relative inequality.
Conclusions
Findings showed the number and distribution of tuberculosis health workers were both inadequate and unequal and ring the need for proper health system planning. To plan tuberculosis control and resolve the high burden of the disease in the country, the human resources situation should be updated and handled regularly.