bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Організаційне оформлення діяльності православних церковних братств Подільської губернії у другій половині ХІХ – початку ХХ ст.
Authors: Альошина Оксана 
Published: January 2022

Мета статті полягає у розкритті організаційних засад функціонування православних братств Подільської губернії упродовж другої половини ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. Наукова новизна – вперше на основі маловідомих архівних документів проаналізовано та розкрито специфіку організаційного оформлення та функціонування православних братств Подільської губернії. На прикладі окремих братств показано специфіку й особливості організації православних братств Подільської губернії.
Встановлено, що упродовж другої половини ХІХ ст. обставини заснування та подальшу діяльність православних братств на території Подільської губернії регулювали «Основні правила для заснування православних церковних братств». Цей нормативний документ визначав і контролював завдання, склад, напрями діяльності братств. На початку ХХ ст. у суспільно-політичному житті Російської імперії відбулися певні зміни, що, у свою чергу, вплинули на становище православних братств Правобережної України. Це внесло певні корективи у діяльність православних братств, оскільки церковне управління Подільської єпархії уклало та затвердило нові правила, що регулювали подальшу роботу цих братств.
Архівні документи про роль П.В. Скаржинського у врегулюванні соціально-економічної ситуації на Волині наприкінці 1915 – на початку 1917 рр.
Authors: Цецик Ярослав 
Published: January 2022

У статті проаналізовано комплекси архівних документів, де висвітлено роль останнього волинського губернатора П. Скаржинського у вирішенні соціально-економічних проблем регіону у 1915 – на початку 1917 рр. Встановлено, що органи влади, й особисто губернатор, докладали значних зусиль, щоб вирішити нагальні проблеми забезпечення продуктами та паливом повітові міста регіону. Окрема увага приділена аналізу документів щодо співпраці у цьому напрямі між губернатором та органами місцевого самоврядування.
З’ясовано, що після звільнення у 1916 р. Західної Волині від австро-угорських і німецьких військ соціально-економічна й епідеміологічна ситуація у регіоні була вкрай напруженою. Це було зумовлено не лише руйнуваннями внаслідок воєнних дій, а й скупченням величезної кількості військ, неможливістю підвезти необхідні товари до звільнених населених пунктів через завантаженість залізниці військовими перевезеннями.
На основі неупередженого дослідження документів доведено, що незважаючи на зусилля губернатора, на соціально-економічне становище регіону великий вплив мала діяльність військових інтендантів, які, насамперед, турбувалися про забезпечення армії, а проведення реквізицій не завжди давало бажаний результат.
Мемуари В. Галана в якості джерела з історії Галицької армії
Authors: Пархоменко Владислав 
Published: January 2022

Стаття присвячена аналізу спогадів Володимира Галана (1893-1978) в якості джерела з історії Галицької армії 1918-1920 рр., її участі у визвольній боротьбі та причинах невдач. Увага звертається на особистісний контекст формування мемуарних свідчень, з’ясовується ступінь їх об’єктивності, важливість наведеного фактичного матеріалу, корисність цієї інформації для відображення державотворчих процесів доби Української революції.
Наголошено, що активне залучення спогадів сприятиме формуванню доволі об’єктивної картини перебігу історичних подій, активізуватиме вивчення державотворчих процесів початку ХХ ст. вітчизняною історіографією.
Проблема служби жінок у збройних силах у британському публічному дискурсі 1939-1945 рр. (на матеріалах періодичних видань)
Authors: Залєток Наталія 
Published: January 2022

Метою статті є аналіз особливостей сприйняття британським суспільством у 1939-1945 рр. служби жінок у збройних силах як явища. Авторка доходить висновку, що у британській періодиці зазначеного періоду була оприлюднена низка матеріалів, в яких містилася оцінка широкого спектру заходів, пов’язаних із залученням британок до служби у війську, порушувалися питання про засади, на яких могли служити жінки тощо. Мусимо констатувати, що у представлених публікаціях містилася низка критичних висловлювань щодо жіночої служби, особливо це стосувалося можливості виконання ними бойових ролей. Вельми значна увага у контексті обговорення служби британок приділялася не питанням, пов’язаним з їхньою фаховістю, а зовнішньому вигляду, особливостям форми, яка, на думку деяких, не була «жіночною», проблемам, які потенційно можуть виникнути через те, що успіхи британок на службі у збройних силах стануть перешкодою майбутньому заміжжю, адже самодостатні жінки навряд чи будуть покірними тощо.
Case Report: Coil Occlusion of Two Congenital Coronary Cameral Fistulas Connecting Right and Left Circumflex Arteries to the Right Ventricle: An Innovative Stent-Assisted Technique
Authors: Buzaev Igor V. , Plechev Vladimir V. , Khalikova Gulchachak , Khabirova Kristina , Nikolaeva Irina Evgenievna , Onorato Eustaquio Maria 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundCoronary cameral fistulas (CCFs) are rare congenital malformations consisting of abnormal vascular connections between coronary arteries and cardiac chambers, often incidentally found during cardiac catheterizations.Case summaryA 66-year-old female asymptomatic patient, without cardiovascular risk factors and a history of varicose veins lower extremities and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in December 2020, was diagnosed by coronary angiography with two large coronary cameral fistulas connecting the distal right coronary artery (RCA) and the distal left circumflex artery (LCx) to the right ventricle (RV). Additional imaging modalities such as two-dimensional transthoracic/transesophageal echocardiography and three-dimensional multidetector CT angiography were required to confirm the fistula's pathway (location, number, and size), which was difficult to delineate using selective coronary angiography alone. After heart team discussion, with the aim to reduce the risk of embolization, an innovative stent-assisted coil occlusion antegrade technique was used with optimal immediate results.DiscussionEven though our otherwise asymptomatic patient was not the best suitable candidate for an interventional procedure (large vessels, multiple fistulas without distal narrowing, distal portion of the fistula not accessible with the closure device), the innovative stent-assisted fistula coil occlusion technique to stabilize the first coil and deploy safely the additional ones resulted to be key for successful and complete obliteration of the abnormal congenital vascular connections.
A Non-Linear Association of Triglyceride Glycemic Index With Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension
Authors: Zhou Dan , Liu Xiao-cong , Kenneth Lo , Huang Yu-qing , Feng Ying-qing 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundTo investigate the association between insulin resistance (IR), quantified by triglyceride glycemic index (TyG index), cardiovascular mortality (CVM), and all-cause mortality (ACM) in hypertension patients.MethodsWe included 8,554 patients with hypertension aged ≥18 years old from the 1999–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). The status of CVM and ACM of participants were followed through December 31, 2015. Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to evaluate the relationship between TyG index, CVM, and ACM.ResultsDuring a median of 82 months follow-up, 1,882 mortality cases had occurred, 434 of which were due to cardiovascular disease. The patients with hypertension with TyG ≥ 10 were older, had a higher chance of being smokers, were obese, had higher blood pressure, and had risk or had cardiovascular disease. In Cox proportional hazards models, compared with the patients with TyG &lt;8, those with TyG ≥ 10 had 56% increased risk for ACM. On the other hand, no significant difference for CVM between the four groups were observed. In the restricted cubic spline regression models, the relationship between TyG index and ACM was non-linear. Subgroup analysis showed non-linear relationship between TyG index and ACM in elderly patients aged ≥60 years. The cut-off value of TyG for ACM was 9.45, and those with higher or lower than 9.45 had more risk of ACM. When TyG index was more than 9.52, the risk for CVM would increase among the whole group. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed patients with TyG ≥ 10 had higher risk of ACM and CVM (Log rank P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsWe demonstrated that the association between ACM and TyG index in elderly patients with hypertension aged ≥60 years was non-linear. However, TyG index was only more than 9.52, hence, the risk for CVM would increase among the whole hypertension group.
Identification of a Novel Nomogram to Predict Progression Based on the Circadian Clock and Insights Into the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Feng Dechao , Xiong Qiao , Zhang Facai , Shi Xu , Xu Hang , Wei Wuran , Ai Jianzhong , Yang Lu 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundCurrently, the impact of the circadian rhythm on the tumorigenesis and progression of prostate cancer (PCA) has yet to be understood. In this study, we first established a novel nomogram to predict PCA progression based on circadian clock (CIC)-related genes and provided insights into the tumor immune microenvironment.MethodsThe TCGA and Genecards databases were used to identify potential candidate genes. Lasso and Cox regression analyses were applied to develop a CIC-related gene signature. The tumor immune microenvironment was evaluated through appropriate statistical methods and the GSCALite database.ResultsTen genes were identified to construct a gene signature to predict progression probability for patients with PCA. Patients with high-risk scores were more prone to progress than those with low-risk scores (hazard ratio (HR): 4.11, 95% CI: 2.66-6.37; risk score cut-off: 1.194). CLOCK, PER (1, 2, 3), CRY2, NPAS2, RORA, and ARNTL showed a higher correlation with anti-oncogenes, while CSNK1D and CSNK1E presented a greater relationship with oncogenes. Overall, patients with higher risk scores showed lower mRNA expression of PER1, PER2, and CRY2 and higher expression of CSNK1E. In general, tumor samples presented higher infiltration levels of macrophages, T cells and myeloid dendritic cells than normal samples. In addition, tumor samples had higher immune scores, lower stroma scores and lower microenvironment scores than normal samples. Notably, patients with higher risk scores were associated with significantly lower levels of neutrophils, NK cells, T helper type 1, and mast cells. There was a positive correlation between the risk score and the tumor mutation burden (TMB) score, and patients with higher TMB scores were more prone to progress than those with lower TMB scores. Likewise, we observed similar results regarding the correlation between the microsatellite instability (MSI) score and the risk score and the impact of the MSI score on the progression-free interval. We observed that anti-oncogenes presented a significantly positive correlation with PD-L1, PD-L2, TIGIT and SIGLEC15, especially PD-L2.ConclusionWe identified ten prognosis-related genes as a promising tool for risk stratification in PCA patients from the fresh perspective of CIC.
Identifying a Novel Defined Pyroptosis-Associated Long Noncoding RNA Signature Contributes to Predicting Prognosis and Tumor Microenvironment of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Lu Hongcheng , Wu Jiajin , Liang Linghui , Wang Xinwei , Cai Hongzhou 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundBladder cancer (BLCA) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary tract, which is the sixth most common cancer among men. Numerous studies suggested that pyroptosis and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) played an essential role in the development of cancers. However, the role of pyroptosis-related lncRNAs in BLCA and their prognostic value are still unclear.MethodsIn this study, we constructed a signature model through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis and Cox univariate analysis based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The expression of 12 pyroptosis-related lncRNAs was also confirmed by qRT-PCR in BLCA cell lines. TIMER, XCELL, QUANTISEQ, MCPCOUNTER, EPIC, and CIBERSORT R script were applied to quantify the relative proportions of infiltrating immune cells. Correlation coefficients were computed by Spearman analyses. The Kaplan–Meier method, Cox regression model, and log-rank tests were used to evaluate the prognostic value. The R package of pRRophetic was used to predict IC50 of common chemotherapeutic agents.ResultsA total of 12 pyroptosis-related lncRNAs with great prognosis value were identified. The expression was investigated by qRT-PCR in four BLCA cell lines. Then, 126 cases were identified as high-risk group, and 277 cases were identified as low-risk group based on the cutoff point. Patients in the low-risk group showed a significant survival advantage. Furthermore, we found that clinical features were significantly related to the risk score. As well, based on the C-index values, a nomogram was constructed. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) results showed that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling, and WNT signaling were with important significance in the high-risk group. Moreover, we found that riskscore was positively correlated with M0 macrophages and M2 macrophages.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our study indicated that pyroptosis is closely connected to BLCA. The riskscore generated from the expression of 12 pyroptosis-related lncRNAs was evaluated by various clinical features including survival status, tumor microenvironment, clinicopathological characteristic, and chemotherapy. It may offer a significant basis for future studies.
PTPN2, A Key Predictor of Prognosis for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Significantly Regulates Cell Cycles, Apoptosis, and Metastasis
Authors: Kuang Wenbin , Wang Xiao , Ding Jiayu , Li Jiaxing , Ji Minghui , Chen Weijiao , Wang Liping , Yang Peng 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveThis study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the members of the PTPN family and emphasized the key role of PTPN2 as a potential therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker in improving the survival rate of PAAD.MethodOncomine was used to analyze the pan-cancer expression of the PTPN gene family. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data as well as Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) data were downloaded to analyze the expression and prognosis of PTPNs. The diagnosis of PTPNs was evaluated by the experimental ROC curve. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by combining STRING and Cytoscape. The genes of 50 proteins most closely related to PTPN2 were screened and analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment. The differentially expressed genes of PTPN2 were found by RNA sequencing, and GSEA enrichment analysis was carried out to find the downstream pathways and targets, which were verified by online tools and experiments. Finally, the relationship between PTPN2 and immune cell infiltration in PAAD, and the relationship with immune score and immune checkpoint were studied.ResultThe expression patterns and the prognostic value of multiple PTPNs in PAAD have been reported through bioinformatic analyzes. Among these members, PTPN2 is the most important prognostic signature that regulates the progression of PAAD by activating JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Comparison of two PAAD cell lines with normal pancreatic epithelial cell lines revealed that PTPN2 expression was up-regulated as a key regulator of PAAD, which was associated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of PTPN2 caused a profound decrease in PAAD cell growth, migration, invasion, and induced PAAD cell cycle and apoptosis. In addition, we conducted a series of enrichment analyses to investigate the PTPN2-binding proteins and the PTPN2 expression-correlated genes. We suggest that STAT1 and EGFR are the key factors to regulate PTPN2, which are involved in the progression of PAAD. Meanwhile, the silencing of PTPN2 induced the repression of STAT1 and EGFR expression.ConclusionThese findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the PTPN family members, and for PAAD, they also demonstrate that PTPN2 is a diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target.
Stemness Refines the Classification of Colorectal Cancer With Stratified Prognosis, Multi-Omics Landscape, Potential Mechanisms, and Treatment Options
Authors: Liu Zaoqu , Xu Hui , Weng Siyuan , Ren Yuqing , Han Xinwei 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundStemness refers to the capacities of self-renewal and repopulation, which contributes to the progression, relapse, and drug resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC). Mounting evidence has established the links between cancer stemness and intratumoral heterogeneity across cancer. Currently, the intertumoral heterogeneity of cancer stemness remains elusive in CRC.MethodsThis study enrolled four CRC datasets, two immunotherapy datasets, and a clinical in-house cohort. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) was performed to decipher the heterogeneity of cancer stemness. Multiple machine learning algorithms were applied to develop a nine-gene stemness cluster predictor. The clinical outcomes, multi-omics landscape, potential mechanisms, and immune features of the stemness clusters were further explored.ResultsBased on 26 published stemness signatures derived by alternative approaches, we decipher two heterogeneous clusters, low stemness cluster 1 (C1) and high stemness cluster 2 (C2). C2 possessed a higher proportion of advanced tumors and displayed worse overall survival and relapse-free survival compared with C1. The MSI-H and CMS1 tumors tended to enrich in C1, and the mesenchymal subtype CMS4 was the prevalent subtype of C2. Subsequently, we developed a nine-gene stemness cluster predictor, which robustly validated and reproduced our stemness clusters in three independent datasets and an in-house cohort. C1 also displayed a generally superior mutational burden, and C2 possessed a higher burden of copy number deletion. Further investigations suggested that C1 enriched numerous proliferation-related biological processes and abundant immune infiltration, while C2 was significantly associated with mesenchyme development and differentiation. Given results derived from three algorithms and two immunotherapeutic cohorts, we observed C1 could benefit more from immunotherapy. For patients with C2, we constructed a ridge regression model and further identified nine latent therapeutic agents, which might improve their clinical outcomes.ConclusionsThis study proposed two stemness clusters with stratified prognosis, multi-omics landscape, potential mechanisms, and treatment options. Current work not only provided new insights into the heterogeneity of cancer stemness, but also shed light on optimizing decision-making in immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
Long-Term Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies and Impact of Inactivated Vaccine on SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Based on a COVID-19 Patients Cohort
Authors: Zhang Shihan , Xu Ke , Li Chuchu , Zhou Lu , Kong Xiaoxiao , Peng Jiefu , Zhu Fengcai , Bao Changjun , Jin Hui , Gao Qiang , Zhao Xing , Zhu Liguo 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundUnderstanding the long-term kinetic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the impact of inactivated vaccines on SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent patients can provide information for developing and improving vaccination strategies in such populations.MethodsIn this cohort, 402 convalescent patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR from 1 January to 22 June 2020 in Jiangsu, China, were enrolled. The epidemiological data included demographics, symptom onset, and vaccination history. Blood samples were collected and tested for antibody levels of specific IgG, IgM, RBD-IgG, S-IgG, and neutralizing antibodies using a the commercial magnetic chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay.ResultsThe median follow-up time after symptom onset was 15.6 months (IQR, 14.6 to 15.8). Of the 402 convalescent patients, 44 (13.84%) received an inactivated vaccine against COVID-19. A total of 255 (80.19%) patients were IgG-positive and 65 (20.44%) were IgM-positive. The neutralizing antibody was 83.02%. Compared with non-vaccinated individuals, the IgG antibody levels in vaccinated people were higher (P=0.007). Similarly, antibody levels for RBD-IgG, S-IgG, and neutralizing antibodies were all highly increased in vaccinated individuals (P&lt;0.05). IgG levels were significantly higher after vaccination than before vaccination in the same population. IgG levels in those who received ‘single dose and ≥14d’ were similar to those with two doses (P&gt;0.05). Similar conclusions were drawn for RBD-IgG and the neutralizing antibody.Conclusion15.6 months after symptom onset, the majority of participants remained positive for serum-specific IgG, RBD-IgG, S-IgG, and neutralizing antibodies. For convalescent patients, a single dose of inactivated vaccine against COVID-19 can further boost antibody titres.
Validity and Reliability of Pre-matriculation and Institutional Assessments in Predicting USMLE STEP 1 Success: Lessons From a Traditional 2 x 2 Curricular Model
Authors: Puri Nitin , McCarthy Michael , Miller Bobby 
Published: January 2022

PurposeWe have observed that students' performance in our pre-clerkship curriculum does not align well with their United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) STEP1 scores. Students at-risk of failing or underperforming on STEP1 have often excelled on our institutional assessments. We sought to test the validity and reliability of our course assessments in predicting STEP1 scores, and in the process, generate and validate a more accurate prediction model for STEP1 performance.MethodsStudent pre-matriculation and course assessment data of the Class of 2020 (n = 76) is used to generate a stepwise STEP1 prediction model, which is tested with the students of the Class of 2021 (n = 71). Predictions are developed at the time of matriculation and subsequently at the end of each course in the programing language R. For the Class of 2021, the predicted STEP1 score is correlated with their actual STEP1 scores, and data agreement is tested with means-difference plots. A similar model is generated and tested for the Class of 2022.ResultsSTEP1 predictions based on pre-matriculation data are unreliable and fail to identify at-risk students (R2 = 0.02). STEP1 predictions for most year one courses (anatomy, biochemistry, physiology) correlate poorly with students' actual STEP1 scores (R2 = 0.30). STEP1 predictions improve for year two courses (microbiology, pathology, and pharmacology). But integrated courses with customized NBMEs provide more reliable predictions (R2 = 0.66). Predictions based on these integrated courses are reproducible for the Class of 2022.ConclusionMCAT and undergraduate GPA are poor predictors of student's STEP1 scores. Partially integrated courses with biweekly assessments do not promote problem-solving skills and leave students' at-risk of failing STEP1. Only courses with integrated and comprehensive assessments are reliable indicators of students' STEP1 preparation.