bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Linear Discriminant Analysis Model Based on the Changes of 7 Proteins in Plasma Predicts Response to Anlotinib Therapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Xu Fei , Xu Haiyan , Wan Zhiyi , Yang Guangjian , Yang Lu , Wu Xueying , Song Jin , Wang Yan 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundAnlotinib is a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor mainly targeting angiogenesis signaling. The predictive marker of anlotinib’s efficacy remains elusive. This study was designed to explore the predictive marker of anlotinib in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 52 advanced NSCLC patients who underwent at least one line of targeted therapy or chemotherapy between August 2018 and March 2020. Patients were divided into durable responders (DR) and non-durable responders (NDR) based on the median progression-free survival (PFS, 176 days). The Olink Immuno-Oncology panel (92 proteins) was used to explore the predictive protein biomarkers in plasma samples before treatment (baseline) and on the first treatment evaluation (paired).ResultsAt baseline, the response to anlotinib was not significantly associated with age, gender, smoke history, histology, oligo-metastases, EGFR mutations, and other clinical characteristics. The results of PFS-related protein biomarkers at baseline were all not satisfying. Then we assessed the changes of 92 proteins levels in plasma on the first treatment evaluation. We obtained a Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model based on 7 proteins, with an accuracy of 100% in the original data and an accuracy of 89.2% in cross validation. The 7 proteins were CD70, MIC-A/B, LAG3, CAIX, PDCD1, MMP12, and PD-L2. Multivariate Cox analysis further showed that the changes of CD70 (HR 25.48; 95% CI, 4.90–132.41, P=0.000) and MIC-A/B (HR 15.04; 95% CI, 3.81–59.36, P=0.000) in plasma were the most significant prognostic factors for PFS.ConclusionWe reported herein a LDA model based on the changes of 7 proteins levels in plasma before and after treatment, which could predict anlotinib responders among advanced NSCLC patients with an accuracy of 100%. Further studies are warranted to verify the prediction performance of the LDA model.
Impact of Postoperative Infectious Complications on Long-Term Outcomes for Patients Undergoing Simultaneous Resection for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Chen Qichen , Deng Yiqiao , Chen Jinghua , Zhao Jianjun , Bi Xinyu , Zhou Jianguo , Li Zhiyu , Huang Zhen , Zhang Yefan , Chen Xiao , Zhao Hong , Cai Jianqiang 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of postoperative infectious complications (POI) on the long-term outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) after simultaneous resection of colorectal cancer and liver metastases.MethodsFour hundred seventy-nine CRLM patients receiving simultaneous resection between February 2010 and February 2018 at our hospital were enrolled. A 1:3 propensity score matching analysis (PSM) analysis was performed to balance covariates and avoid selection bias. After PSM, 90 patients were distributed to the POI group, and 233 patients were distributed to the no POI group. A log-rank test was performed to compare the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) data. A multivariate Cox regression model was employed to identify prognostic factors influencing OS and PFS. A value of two-sided P&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsCompared to patients in the no POI group, patients in the POI group were more likely to have hepatic portal occlusion (78.9% vs. 66.3%, P=0.021), operation time ≥325 min (61.1% vs. 48.1%, P=0.026), and intraoperative blood loss ≥200 ml (81.1% vs. 67.6%, P=0.012). In multivariate analysis, intraoperative blood loss ≥200 ml (OR = 2.057, 95% CI: 1.165-3.634, P=0.013) was identified as the only independent risk factor for POI. Patients with POI had a worse PFS (P&lt;0.001, median PFS: 7.5 vs. 12.7 months) and a worse OS (P=0.010, median OS: 38.8 vs. 59.0 months) than those without POI. After 1:3 PSM analysis, no differences in clinicopathologic parameters were detected between the POI group and the no POI group. Patients with POI had a worse PFS (P=0.013, median PFS: 7.5 vs. 11.1 months) and a worse OS (P=0.020, median OS: 38.8 vs. 59.0 months) than those without POI. Multivariate analysis showed that POI was an independent predictor for worse PFS (HR=1.410, 95% CI: 1.065-1.869, P=0.017) and worse OS (HR=1.682, 95% CI: 1.113-2.544, P=0.014).ConclusionsPOI can significantly worsen the long-term outcomes of CRLM patients receiving simultaneous resection of colorectal cancer and liver metastases and should be considered to improve postoperative management and make better treatment decisions for these patients.
Determinants of Kidney Function and Accuracy of Kidney Microcysts Detection in Patients Treated With Lithium Salts for Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Tabibzadeh Nahid , Faucon Anne-Laure , Vidal-Petiot Emmanuelle , Serrano Fidéline , Males Lisa , Fernandez Pedro , Khalil Antoine , Rouzet François , Tardivon Coralie , Mazer Nicolas , Dubertret Caroline , Delavest Marine , Marlinge Emeline , Etain Bruno , Bellivier Frank , Vrtovsnik François , Flamant Martin 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Early kidney damage during lithium treatment in bipolar disorder is still hypothetical. We aimed at identifying the determinants of a decreased measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) and the accuracy of kidney MRI imaging in its detection.Methods: In this cross-sectional cohort study, 217 consecutive lithium-treated patients underwent mGFR and kidney MRI with half-Fourier turbo spin-echo and Single-shot with long echo time sequences.Results: Median age was 51 [27–62] years, and median lithium treatment duration was 5 [2–14] years. 52% of patients had a stage 2 CKD. In multivariable analysis, the determinants of a lower mGFR were a longer lithium treatment duration (β −0.8 [−1; −0.6] ml/min/1.73 m2 GFR decrease for each year of treatment), a higher age (β −0.4 [−0.6; −0.3] ml/min/1.73 m2 for each year of age, p &lt; 0.001), albuminuria (β −3.97 [−6.6; −1.3], p = 0.003), hypertension (β −6.85 [−12.6; −1.1], p = 0.02) and hypothyroidism (β −7.1 [−11.7; −2.5], p = 0.003). Serum lithium concentration was not associated with mGFR. Renal MRI displayed renal microcyst(s) in 51% of patients, detected as early as 1 year after lithium treatment initiation. mGFR and lithium treatment duration were strongly correlated in patients with microcyst(s) (r = −0.64, p &lt; 0.001), but not in patients with no microcysts (r = −0.24, p = 0.09). The presence of microcysts was associated with the detection of an mGFR &lt;45 ml/min/1.73 m2 (AUC 0.893, p &lt; 0.001, sensitivity 80%, specificity 81% for a cut-off value of five microcysts).Conclusion: Lithium treatment duration and hypothyroidism strongly impacted mGFR independently of age, especially in patients with microcysts. MRI might help detect early lithium-induced kidney damage and inform preventive strategies.
Computer-Based Assessment: Dual-Task Outperforms Large-Screen Cancellation Task in Detecting Contralesional Omissions
Authors: Villarreal Sanna , Linnavuo Matti , Sepponen Raimo , Vuori Outi , Bonato Mario , Jokinen Hanna , Hietanen Marja 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Traditionally, asymmetric spatial processing (i.e., hemispatial neglect) has been assessed with paper-and-pencil tasks, but growing evidence indicates that computer-based methods are a more sensitive assessment modality. It is not known, however, whether simply converting well-established paper-and-pencil methods into a digital format is the best option. The aim of the present study was to compare sensitivity in detecting contralesional omissions of two different computer-based methods: a “digitally converted” cancellation task was compared with a computer-based Visual and Auditory dual-tasking approach, which has already proved to be very sensitive.Methods: Participants included 40 patients with chronic unilateral stroke in either the right hemisphere (RH patients, N = 20) or the left hemisphere (LH patients, N = 20) and 20 age-matched healthy controls. The cancellation task was implemented on a very large format (173 cm × 277 cm) or in a smaller (A4) paper-and-pencil version. The computer-based dual-tasks were implemented on a 15′′ monitor and required the detection of unilateral and bilateral briefly presented lateralized targets.Results: Neither version of the cancellation task was able to show spatial bias in RH patients. In contrast, in the Visual dual-task RH patients missed significantly more left-sided targets than controls in both unilateral and bilateral trials. They also missed significantly more left-sided than right-sided targets only in the bilateral trials of the Auditory dual-task.Conclusion: The dual-task setting outperforms the cancellation task approach even when the latter is implemented on a (large) screen. Attentionally demanding methods are useful for revealing mild forms of contralesional visuospatial deficits.
Flexible and Integrative Psychiatric Care Based on a Global Treatment Budget: Comparing the Implementation in Germany and Poland
Authors: Schwarz Julian , Cechnicki Andrzej , Godyń Jan , Galbusera Laura , Biechowska Daria , Galińska-Skok Beata , Ciunczyk Izabela , Ignatyev Yuriy , Muehlensiepen Felix , Soltmann Bettina , Timm Jürgen , Peter Sebastian von , Balicki Marek , Wciórka Jacek , Heinze Martin 
Published: January 2022

Background: The past decade has witnessed the establishment of flexible and integrative treatment (FIT) models in 55 German and Polish psychiatric catchment areas. FIT is based on a global treatment budget (GTB), which integrates funding of all acute psychiatric hospital services for a regional population. Prior research has identified 11 specific program components of FIT in Germany. In this paper we aim at assessing the applicability of these components to the Polish context and at comparatively analysing FIT implementation in Poland and Germany.Methods: Qualitative interviews about the applicability of the 11 FIT-specific components were conducted with the program managers of the Polish FIT models (n = 19). Semi-quantitative data on the FIT-specific components were then collected in 19 Polish and 10 German FIT models. We assessed the grading of each component, their overall degree of implementation and compared them between the two countries. In all study hospitals, structural and statistical parameters of service delivery were collected and compared.Results: The qualitative results showed that the German FIT-specific components are in principle applicable to the polish context. This allowed the comparative assessment of components grading and degree of implementation, which showed only subtle discrepancies between German and Polish FIT models. The little discrepancies point to specific aspects of care such as home treatment, peer support, and cooperation with non-clinical and social welfare institutions that should be further integrated in the components' definition.Conclusions: The specific program components of FIT as first defined from the German experience, serves as a powerful tool to measure, and evaluate implementation of integrated psychiatric care both within and between health systems.
Do the Child Welfare and Protection Services Involve Children in Cases With Parental Mental Health Problems? A Norwegian Case-File Study
Authors: Vis Svein Arild , Lauritzen Camilla , Christiansen Øivin , Reedtz Charlotte 
Published: January 2022

Background: Parental mental health problems is a common source of concern reported to child welfare and protection services (CWPS). In this study we explored to what extent the child was invited to participate in the investigation process. We aimed to study: (a) what was the current practice in the child protection service in Norway when the CWPS received a report of concern about children whose parents were affected by mental health problems or substance abuse, (b) to what extent were children involved and consulted, (c) which factors predicted the decision to involve the children, and (d) in cases in which conversations with children were conducted: what was the main content of the conversations.Method: The study was a cross-sectional case file study (N = 1,123). Data were collected retrospectively from case records in 16 different child protection agencies. The cases were randomly drawn from all referrals registered in the participating agencies. Differences in how investigations were conducted in cases with and without concerns about parental mental health were analyzed using t-tests and chi-square testes. Predictors of child involvement in cases with parental mental health problems (N = 324) were estimated by logistic regression analyses.Results: When the referral to the CWPS contained concerns about parental mental health, there were more consultations with parents, more frequent home visits and the investigation took longer to conclude. The children, however, were less likely to be involved. Children in such cases were consulted in 47.5% of cases. Predictors for involving the children in those cases were child age, concern about the child's emotional problems and if the child was known from previous referrals.Conclusion: In Norwegian child protection investigations, in which there were concerns about the parent's mental health, conversations with children were conducted to a significantly lower degree compared to cases where the child's problem was the main concern. In such cases, the CWPS workers have to overcome a threshold before they consult with the child. The threshold decreases with child age and when case worker already knows the child.
A Feasibility Study of the WHO Digital Mental Health Intervention Step-by-Step to Address Depression Among Chinese Young Adults
Authors: Sit Hao Fong , Hong Ieng Wai , Burchert Sebastian , Sou Elvo Kuai Long , Wong Mek , Chen Wen , Lam Agnes Iok Fong , Hall Brian J. 
Published: January 2022

Background:Chinese young adults experience barriers to mental health treatment, including the lack of treatment providers and stigma around treatment seeking. Evidence-based digital mental health interventions are promising and scalable alternatives to face-to-face treatment for this population, but lack rigorous evidence to support scale-up in China.Aim:The study was a feasibility study for a large-scale RCT of Step-by-Step, a behavioral activation-based, mental health intervention to address depression and anxiety symptoms in Chinese young adults. It sought to assess feasibility of recruitment and of delivery of Step-by-Step in a University setting, to assess acceptability of the intervention, and to examine potential effectiveness.Method:An uncontrolled, feasibility trial was conducted to assess the feasibility and acceptability of Chinese Step-by-Step for Chinese University students with elevated depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 scores at or above 10) in Macao, China. Data was collected at two different time points (i.e., baseline and 8-weeks after baseline), administered via questionnaires embedded in an interventional mobile application. Participation rate and dropout rate were measured. Depressive and anxiety symptom severity, well-being, and self-defined stress were assessed. Satisfaction with the program was assessed using qualitative interviews.Results:A total of 173 students were screened, 22.0% (n= 38) were eligible, and 63.2% of them (n= 24) started the intervention. The dropout rate by post-test was 45.8%. Results from completers showed that Step-by-Step was potentially effective in reducing depressive and anxiety symptom severity, and self-defined stress. Students were generally satisfied with the program, but also offered suggestions for continued improvement. Qualitative feedback was reported within the RE-AIM framework, covering recruitment, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance. Amendments to the program were made according to the feedback (e.g., adding notification for new session, modify the time zone).Conclusion:A minimally guided Step-by-Step protocol and the study procedure were successfully pilot tested for use for Chinese University students. The intervention was acceptable and no adverse events were reported. The results support the potential effectiveness and feasibility of a large-scale evaluation of the program.
Negative Symptom Domains Are Associated With Verbal Learning in Adolescents With Early Onset Psychosis
Authors: Mørch-Johnsen Lynn , Smelror Runar Elle , Andreou Dimitrios , Barth Claudia , Johannessen Cecilie , Wedervang-Resell Kirsten , Wortinger Laura A. , Díaz Ricardo , Victoria Gamaliel , Ueland Torill , Andreassen Ole A. , Myhre Anne M. , Rund Bjørn Rishovd , Ulloa Rosa Elena , Agartz Ingrid 
Published: January 2022

Background: Early-onset psychosis (EOP) is among the leading causes of disease burden in adolescents. Negative symptoms and cognitive deficits predicts poorer functional outcome. A better understanding of the association between negative symptoms and cognitive impairment may inform theories on underlying mechanisms and elucidate targets for development of new treatments. Two domains of negative symptoms have been described in adult patients with schizophrenia: apathy and diminished expression, however, the factorial structure of negative symptoms has not been investigated in EOP. We aimed to explore the factorial structure of negative symptoms and investigate associations between cognitive performance and negative symptom domains in adolescents with EOP. We hypothesized that (1) two negative symptom factors would be identifiable, and that (2) diminished expression would be more strongly associated with cognitive performance, similar to adult psychosis patients.Methods: Adolescent patients with non-affective EOP (n = 169) were included from three cohorts: Youth-TOP, Norway (n = 45), Early-Onset Study, Norway (n = 27) and Adolescent Schizophrenia Study, Mexico (n = 97). An exploratory factor analysis was performed to investigate the underlying structure of negative symptoms (measured with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)). Factor-models were further assessed using confirmatory factor analyses. Associations between negative symptom domains and six cognitive domains were assessed using multiple linear regression models controlling for age, sex and cohort. The neurocognitive domains from the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery included: speed of processing, attention, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, and reasoning and problem solving.Results: The exploratory factor analysis of PANSS negative symptoms suggested retaining only a single factor, but a forced two factor solution corroborated previously described factors of apathy and diminished expression in adult-onset schizophrenia. Results from confirmatory factor analysis indicated a better fit for the two-factor model than for the one-factor model. For both negative symptom domains, negative symptom scores were inversely associated with verbal learning scores.Conclusion: The results support the presence of two domains of negative symptoms in EOP; apathy and diminished expression. Future studies on negative symptoms in EOP should examine putative differential effects of these symptom domains. For both domains, negative symptom scores were significantly inversely associated with verbal learning.
Causes of Hospital Violence, Characteristics of Perpetrators, and Prevention and Control Measures: A Case Analysis of 341 Serious Hospital Violence Incidents in China
Authors: Ma Yuanshuo , Wang Licheng , Wang Yongchen , Li Zhe , Zhang Yafeng , Fan Lihua , Ni Xin 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Hospital violence remains a global public health problem. This study aims to analyze serious hospital violence causes in China and the characteristics of perpetrators. It likewise seeks to understand frontline personnel's needs and put forward targeted suggestions.Methods: Serious hospital violence cases from 2011 to 2020 in the China Judgment Online System (CJOS) were selected for descriptive statistical analysis. A total of 72 doctors, nurses, hospital managers, and security personnel from 20 secondary and tertiary hospitals in China were selected for semi-structured interviews.Results: Of the incidents, 62.17% were caused by patients' deaths and dissatisfaction with their treatment results. Moreover, it was found that out-of-hospital disputes (11.14%) were also one of the main reasons for serious hospital violence. The perpetrators were mainly males (80.3%), and had attained junior high school education or lower (86.5%). Furthermore, most of them were family members of the patients (76.1%). Healthcare workers urgently hope that relevant parties will take new measures in terms of legislation, security, and dispute handling capacity.Conclusion: In the past 10 years, serious hospital violence's frequency in China has remained high. Furthermore, their harmful consequences are more serious. The causes of hospital violence are diverse, and the characteristics of perpetrators are obvious. Frontline healthcare workers urgently need relevant parties to take effective measures in terms of legislation, security, and dispute handling capacity, to prevent the occurrence of violence and protect medical personnel's safety.
Public Knowledge About Emergency Care—Results of a Population Survey From Germany
Authors: von dem Knesebeck Olaf , Koens Sarah , Schäfer Ingmar , Strauß Annette , Klein Jens 
Published: January 2022

Background: Knowledge and beliefs about health and health care are part of the general concept of health literacy. Studies demonstrated that large parts of the population report inadequate health literacy. There are only few studies specifically addressing public knowledge and beliefs about emergency care. We examine magnitude and social variations of public knowledge about emergency care in Germany.Methods: Analyses make use of a telephone survey conducted in Hamburg, Germany. Random sample consisted of 1,207 adult respondents. We asked whether the respondents know various emergency care services. Moreover, capabilities of dealing with an emergency case were assessed. Sex, age, education, and migration background were introduced as predictors into regression models.Results: 98% of the respondents stated to know the rescue service, while 74% knew the medical on call service and 49% were aware of an emergency practice nearby. About 71% of the interviewees said it was easy for them to find out whom to turn to in a case of a medical emergency. Fewer respondents found it easy to evaluate when to use emergency medical services and to evaluate whether a health problem is a medical emergency. Knowledge and capabilities were positively associated with education and negatively related to migration background.Conclusions: This study indicates a lack of public knowledge about emergency care and social inequalities in public knowledge according to education and migration status. Findings suggest that interventions are needed to improve public knowledge and that considering social inequalities should be a basic principle for such interventions.