bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psalm 67 and the Cosmopolite Musical Worship of Yhwh
Authors: Amzallag Nissim 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The perfect concentric structure of Ps 67 and the many problems inherent to its linear reading together suggest that this song was designed to be performed in a cross-responsa fashion. In this mode of complex antiphony, the text is sung in an ascending ranking of verses by a first voice (sense voice), while a second voice responds, from verse to verse, by singing the same text in a descending ranking of verses (antisense voice). It is shown here that this sort of setting yields a coherent composite text with a meaning totally ignored in the linear reading: the revelation of Yhwh through musical performance and its wide diffusion among the nations. The reality of these composite claims is confirmed by their echo in the text of other psalms. It is concluded that Ps 67 is a song devoted to the congregation of singers for the remote diffusion of the Yhwh cult. It expresses a cosmopolite musical theology distinct from the official theology that focused exclusively on the cult of Yhwh at Jerusalem.
Like a Fish and Shrimp Out of Water: Identifying the Dāg and Remeś Animals of Habakkuk 1:14
Authors: Whitekettle Richard 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In Hab 1:14, Habakkuk compares the people who are being attacked by an oppressor to fish and other aquatic animals. One thing this comparison conveyed was exile, seen in the attacker’s removal of the fish and other aquatic animals from water, an action that will kill them. The comparison also conveyed the equal treatment of the righteous and the wicked, seen in the attacker’s consumption of the fish and other aquatic animals. According to Lev 11:9–12 and Deut 14:9–10, the only other place in the Israelite textual record where fish and other aquatic animals are mentioned together, fish are clean while other aquatic animals are unclean. Thus, the consumption of the fish and other aquatic animals by the oppressor represented the indiscriminate deportation of both the righteous (the clean fish) and the wicked (the unclean other aquatic animals).
A Theocratic Reading of Zechariah 9:9
Authors: Goswell Gregory 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The prospect of the coming of Yhwh to Jerusalem is a pervasive theme in Zechariah and supports the interpretation of Zech 9:9 as a description of the entrance of Yhwh into the city. This view is not excluded by the necessity of reading “your (Zion’s) king” as a third-person self-reference by Yhwh himself. None of the terms used to describe the royal personage in this verse rule out the supposition that it depicts Yhwh. The figure seated on an ass is shown to be a metaphorical description of the coronation and enthronement of Yhwh in the eschaton. The allusion to Ps 72:8 in Zech 9:10b is a reapplication of the picture of the Davidic world rule to the universal dominion of the Divine King. Finally, consistent with this interpretation, it is argued that the Gospels of Matthew and John use Zech 9:9 in the scene of Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem to proclaim the highest Christology of all, depicting Jesus as God in the flesh.
From “Hosanna!” to “Crucify!” The Fickle Crowds in the Four Gospels
Authors: Eklund Rebekah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
It is often taken for granted that the same crowds who hail Jesus at his triumphal entry later turn against him and cry for his crucifixion. A careful examination of the four Gospel narratives overturns this assumption by demonstrating that the two crowds are not the same narrative character. Despite this, the vehemence of the crowds who cry for Jesus’ crucifixion demands explanation. This essay concludes by exploring several different reasons for the cries to release Barabbas and crucify Jesus and by suggesting that no single explanation is sufficient.
The Abused Aspect: Neglecting the Influence of a Verb’s Lexical Meaning on Tense-Form Choice
Authors: Merkle Benjamin L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The recent prominence of verbal aspect theory has played an important role in helping NT exegetes more accurately interpret the use and meaning of verbs. In seeking to correct the abuses of the past, however, modern interpreters who embrace verbal aspect theory are also often guilty of placing too much interpretive weight on the tense-form of verbs, often describing them as being “marked.” Focusing on imperatives, this essay demonstrates that verbs that are often highlighted as being emphasized by some scholars are simply the normal, expected form of that verb. In other words, sometimes an author does not make a subjective choice to portray an action in a certain way but submits to convention and uses the normal or expected form which is often influenced by a particular verb’s inherent lexical meaning.
The Implied Yhwh Christology of Mark’s Gospel: Mark’s Challenge to the Reader to “Connect the Dots"
Authors: GEDDERT TIMOTHY J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mark’s Gospel conveys an explicit Christology (Jesus is Messiah, Divine Son, Son of Man, and so on), which is inscribed clearly on the surface of the text. But it also contains a “secret” implied Christology that remains below the text’s surface and is perceivable only by those who follow Mark’s hints and discover how to connect the dots. To elucidate this implied Christology requires making two distinctions: first, between the story level (what characters say to each other in the narrative) and the discourse level (what the implied author communicates to the reader); and, second, between messages on the discourse level that are communicated explicitly (for example, direct statements by the narrator) and those that are only implied through hints and pointers, polyvalent expressions, allusions to texts not quoted, and so on. Careful attention to Mark’s discourse-level hints provides access to his secret Yhwh Christology: Jesus is the embodied God, the presence of Yhwh on earth.
A Bracketed Bethany Anointing
Authors: CHUNG MICHAEL 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
All four Gospels contain an anointing scene of Jesus. Most scholars acknowledge that Luke’s anointing scene describes an event different from the event recorded in Matthew, Mark, and John. Matthew’s anointing scene appears to be an abridgment of Mark’s. Challenges arise in comparisons of Mark’s version against John’s. In this article, I will argue that John is influenced by the Markan account’s use of the literary device intercalation. When this is applied to John’s anointing pericope, noncorresponding details are more coherent.
"Forget Your People and Your Father’s House": The Core Theological Message of Psalm 45 and Its Canonical Position in the Hebrew Psalter
Authors: CHEUNG SIMON CHI-CHUNG 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In Ps 45, the bridegroom king and the bride are portrayed notably alike. Illustrating their similarities, this article also tries to explain these similarities in light of the speech that the bride hears in vv. 11–13. The bride, whom this article will argue is from Tyre, is advised to forget her people and her home and submit totally to her husband-to-be. This counsel to “forget,” as I will show, is an allusion to God’s promise to Abraham in Gen 12:1–3 and also explains why a foreign bride may share the glory and splendor that an Israelite king enjoys. I will then examine the canonical position of Ps 45 in the Hebrew Psalter. While all four psalms in Pss 45–48 promulgate the universal reign of the divine, both Pss 45 and 47 allude to the same Abrahamic promise.
Is the Sky Falling in the World of Historical Jesus Research?
Authors: LICONA MICHAEL 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
For years, historians of Jesus have employed the criteria for authenticity in their work and a few scholars have occasionally called the value of the criteria into question. Fairly recently, however, a team of scholars, many of whom are highly esteemed, contributed critiques in a volume in which they expressed doubts pertaining to the value of the criteria. Several of the contributors even called for their abandonment. But the extent of their pessimism is ill-founded and based on a postmodernist approach to history that, while gaining momentum within biblical scholarship, has already been debated for decades among historians practicing outside the world of religious studies and has largely been found wanting.
Prophetic Script and Dramatic Enactment in Mark’s Prologue
Authors: BOTNER MAX 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The opening of Mark’s Gospel has received substantial scholarly attention over the past century. While initial debates largely centered on nailing down its precise ending, narrative criticism and increased attention to intertextuality have attuned scholars to the ways in which the prologue establishes a set of narrative and theological agendas for the rest of the Gospel. This study builds on many of these previous contributions by drawing attention to the function of Mark’s opening citation (Mark 1:2–3). Specifically, I argue that the composite citation functions as a prophetic script and that the remainder of the prologue functions as its dramatic enactment. Reading the prologue in this way suggests that God is, in fact, the central actor of the prologue, the one who summons and commissions the dramatis personae to enact his will. The script thus discloses that at the heart of the good news about Jesus Christ stands the revelation that Christ is the “you" who both takes up Israel’s vocation as the covenant people (cf. Exod 23:20) and enacts the glorious manifestation of Israel’s Kyrios (cf. Mal 3:1; Isa 40:3).
The Influence of Cognitive Biases on Biblical Interpretation
Authors: CHALMERS AARON 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article discusses the causes and nature of certain systematic and predictable errors in human judgment and decision making, which cognitive psychologists refer to as “cognitive biases,” and considers their influence on biblical interpretation. Five key cognitive biases (confirmation bias, false consensus effect, in-group bias, functional fixedness, and the illusory truth effect) are discussed, along with proposals for how each of these may skew an individual’s interpretation of the biblical text. The article concludes with an identification of a number of methods, strategies and considerations that may help to reduce the influence of these biases.
“When It Was Clear That We Could Not Persuade Him, We Gave Up and Said, ‘The Lord’s Will Be Done’” (Acts 21:14): Good Reasons to Stop Making Unproven Claims for Rhetorical Criticism
Authors: Porter Stanley E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article responds to Ben Witherington’s recently published paper (JETS 58 [2015] 63–88) arguing for the importance of ancient rhetoric as a means of interpreting the New Testament, especially the letters of Paul. I instead argue that rhetoric was not in the air, that Paul was not an ancient rhetorician but a writer of letters, and that his letters must be interpreted in this light.
Co-regency in Ancient Israel’s Divine Council as the Conceptual Backdrop to Ancient Jewish Binitarian Monotheism
Authors: HEISER MICHAEL S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Scholars have long wondered what theological and hermeneutical trajectories allowed committed monotheistic Jews to embrace Christianity’s high Christology. How exactly could devoted followers of Yhwh convert to Christianity and still consider themselves innocent of the charge of worshiping another deity? Alan Segal’s seminal work on the “two powers in heaven” doctrine of ancient Judaism demonstrated that Judaism allowed a second deity figure identified with, but distinct from, Yhwh prior to the rise of Christianity. But Segal never succeeded in articulating the roots of this theology in the Hebrew Bible. This essay seeks to bridge this gap by proposing a Godhead framework put forth by the biblical writers in adaptation of the earlier Canaanite (Ugaritic) divine council involving a co-regency of El and Baʿal. The essay suggests that Judaism’s two powers theology had its roots in an ancient Israelite co-regency notion whereby Yhwh and a second, visible Yhwh figure occupied both roles of the co-regency in the biblical writers’ conception of the divine council.
ARE THOUGHTS EVER EXPERIENCES?
Authors: Forrest Peter V. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The recent debate in philosophy of mind over whether thought has its own distinctive phenomenology, so-called cognitive phenomenology (CP), has led to a sharp division between proponents and skeptics of CP. This paper critically examines an ambitious argument against the existence of CP, which is based on a particular view of the temporal structure of thought. The argument, roughly, is that experiences, those mental entities that have phenomenology, persist as processes, while thoughts, on the other hand, are non-processive states or events. So no thoughts are experiences. The present paper attacks the claim that thoughts never temporally unfold as processes.
MEREOLOGICAL NIHILISM AND THE PROBLEM OF EMERGENCE
Authors: Cornell David 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mereological nihilism is the view that there are no composite objects; everything in existence is mereologically simple. The view is subject to a number of difficulties, one of which concerns what I call the problem of emergence. Very briefly, the problem is that nihilism seems to be incompatible with emergent properties; it seems to rule out their very possibility. This is a problem because there are good independent reasons to believe that emergent properties are possible. This paper provides a solution to the problem. I will show that nihilism and emergence are perfectly compatible, providing one accepts a novel understanding of how objects can instantiate properties: what I call irreducibly collective instantiation.
RECENT WORK ON INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL REASONS
Authors: Brunero John 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper examines some recent arguments for intemalism that (i) appeal to an analogy between practical and theoretical reasons, (ii) look toward our practices of reasoning with others, or (iii) tie reasons to good deliberation. The conclusion of this paper is a skeptical one: none of these new arguments gives us sufficient reason to think that internalism is true.
I’D DO ANYTHING TO CHANGE THE PAST (BUT I CANT DO "THAT")
Authors: Smith Nicholas J. J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper addresses a worry about backwards time travel. The worry is that there is something mysteriously inexplicable about the combination of commonplace events that will inevitably conspire to prevent the time traveler from doing something impossible such as killing her younger self. The worry is first distinguished from other problems for backwards time travel concerning its alleged impossibility or improbability. It is then shown that the worry is misplaced: there is in fact no real problem here. Yet the worry has been widely expressed—so a suggestion is also made as to why it is so easy to get into the position of thinking that there is a genuine problem here, when in fact there is not. Finally, in light of the resolution of the inexplicability worry, a new way of dealing with the other two problems for backwards time travel—concerning its alleged impossibility and improbability—is proposed.
LOVE AND ATTACHMENT
Authors: Wonderly Monique 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
It is not uncommon for philosophers to name disinterestedness, or some like feature, as an essential characteristic of love. Such theorists claim that in genuine love, one’s concern for her beloved must be noninstrumental, non-egocentric, or even selfless. These views prompt the question, "what, if any, positive role might self-interestedness play in genuine love?" In this paper, I argue that attachment, an attitude marked primarily by self-focused emotions and emotional predispositions, helps constitute the meaning and import of at least some kinds of adult reciprocal love. In this way, attachment represents a type of self-interestedness that not only contributes positively to such relationships but is also essential to them.
POWER WORLDS AND THE PROBLEM OF INDIVIDUATION
Authors: Tugby Matthew 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Is it metaphysically possible for a world to contain power properties but no nonpower properties? Recently, much progress has been made by powers theorists to defend the coherence of such a possibility. But unfortunately, it remains unclear how the powers in a power world are individuated. The problem is that the most obvious principle of individuation for properties in a power world is one that is circular. In this paper, it is argued that this circularity is generated by a modal assumption, which is that different families of powers exist in different possible worlds. By rejecting this assumption, a noncircular principle of individuation for power properties can be formulated. Moreover, this solution is not ad hoc because there are independent reasons for rejecting the aforementioned modal assumption.
SWEEPING ENDURANTISM IS A MISCHARACTERIZATION OF ENDURANTISM
Authors: Daniels Paul R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Endurantism is commonly characterized as a sweeping thesis, according to which enduring objects persist by sweeping or moving through time. I argue that the endurantist should resist this characterization as it makes her view incompatible with eternalism, the moving spotlight theory, and the growing block theory. Moreover, even the presentist endurantist should resist this characterization as it undermines the modal analogy. As a result, those who argue against endurantism should avoid characterizing endurantism in this way. Through this discussion we can better understand the endurantist picture and appreciate why caution is needed when characterizing the nature of enduring objects.
IN DEFENSE OF NON-CAUSAL LIBERTARIANISM
Authors: Widerker David 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Non-Causal Libertananism (NCL) is a libertarian position that aims to provide a non-causal account of action and freedom to do otherwise. Non-Causal Libertarianism has been recently criticized from a number of quarters, notably from proponents of free will skepticism and agent-causation. The main complaint that has been voiced against NCL is that it does not provide a plausible account of an agent’s control over her action, and, therefore, the account of free action it offers is inadequate. Some critics (mainly agent-causationists) have even gone so far as to claim that NCL does not offer a plausible account of action. This paper is intended to defend NCL against these charges. It addresses specifically, The Disappearing Agent Objection, Peter van Inwagen’s Mind Argument, and some objections by Randolph Clarke.
THE THREAT FROM MANIPULATION ARGUMENTS
Authors: Matheson Benjamin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Most seem to presume that what is threatening about manipulation arguments is the "no difference" premise—that is, the claim that there are no responsibility-relevant differences between a manipulated agent and her merely causally determined counterpart. This presumption underlies three recent replies to manipulation arguments. These replies, however, fail to appreciate the true threat from manipulation arguments—namely, the manipulation cases that are allegedly counterexamples to the leading compatibilist conditions on moral responsibility. This paper argues that if there is a counterexample to all the leading compatibilist conditions on moral responsibility, then this is sufficient to undermine compatibilism.
IN DEFENSE OF THE ARGUMENT FOR EMOTIONAL ASSENT
Authors: Smith Martin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper defends the argument that the irrationality of recalcitrant emotions can only be explained by understanding emotions as yielding a distinctly nonjudgmental assent. The four premises of the argument are identified, and the three controversial premises are defended against recent rejoinders. Particular attention is given to defending the argument from theorists who advocate that (nonassentist) perceptualist models either adequately explain the irrationality of recalcitrant emotions or show that recalcitrant emotions are not, in fact, irrational.
ODORS, OBJECTS, AND OLFACTION
Authors: Cavedon-Taylor Dan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Olfaction represents odors, if it represents anything at all. Does olfaction also represent ordinary objects like cheese, fish, and coffee beans? Many think so. It is argued here that such a view is in error. Instead, we should affirm an austere account of the intentional objects of olfaction: olfactory experience is about odors, not objects. Visuocentric thinking about olfaction has tempted some philosophers to say otherwise.
FAITH, BELIEF, AND CONTROL
Authors: Rettler Lindsay 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, I solve a puzzle generated by three conflicting claims about the relationship between faith, belief, and control: according to (1) the Identity Thesis, faith is a type of belief, and according to (2) Fideistic Voluntarism, we sometimes have control over whether or not we have faith, but according to (3) Doxastic Involuntarism, we never have control over what we believe. To solve the puzzle, I argue that the Identity Thesis is true, but that either (2) or (3) is false, depending on how we understand "control." I distinguish two notions of control: direct intention-based control and indirect reflective control. I argue that though we have direct intention-based control over neither belief nor faith, we have indirect reflective control over each of them. Moreover, indirect reflective control helps explain how we can be held accountable for each.
INSTANTIATION IN TROPE THEORY
Authors: Fisher A. R. J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The concept of instantiation is realized differently across a variety of metaphysical theories. A certain realization of the concept in a given theory depends on what roles are specified and associated with the concept and its corresponding term as well as what entities are suited to fill those roles. In this paper, the classic realization of the concept of instantiation in a one-category ontology of abstract particulars or tropes is articulated in a novel way and defended against unaddressed objections.
FAILURE OR BOREDOM: THE PENDULUM OF COMPOSITION AS IDENTITY
Authors: Calosi Claudio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper provides new arguments for the following claim: either (i) strong composition as identity cannot retain the full strength of both the logical principles of one-one identity (namely, Equivalence and Leibniz’s law) and its semantical principles (namely, Coreferentiality) or (ii) it only delivers cases of boring composition in that it entails mereological nihilism.
IS EPISTEMIC PERMISSIVISM INTUITIVE?
Authors: Ballantyne Nathan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In recent debates over permissivism and uniqueness—two theses concerning the relationship between evidence and epistemic rationality—some philosophers have claimed that permissivism has an intuitive advantage over uniqueness. I examine the cases alleged to intuitively motivate permissivism and suggest they do not provide prima facie support for permissivism. I conclude by explaining how my discussion bears on whether permissivism can defeat skeptical arguments based on recognized peer disagreement and the historical contingency of our beliefs.
A MINIMALIST EXPLANATION OF TRUTH’S ASYMMETRY
Authors: Dodd Julian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Suppose that Eleanor is drowsy. Truth’s asymmetry is illustrated by the following fact: while we accept that &lt;Eleanor is drowsy&gt; is true because Eleanor is drowsy, we do not accept that Eleanor is drowsy because &lt;Eleanor is drowsy&gt;is true. This asymmetry requires an explanation, but it has been alleged, notably by David Liggins, that the minimalist about truth cannot provide one. This paper counteracts this pessimism by arguing that the minimalist can successfully explain the asymmetry conceptually, rather than metaphysically. It then goes on to defend this account against objections, in the end concluding that explaining truth’s asymmetry is no problem for the minimalist.