bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into male androgenetic alopecia using comparative transcriptome profiling: hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways
Authors: Liu Qingmei , Tang Yulong , Huang Yan , Wang Ji’an , Yang Kai , Zhang Yuting , Pu Weilin , Liu Jing , Shi Xiangguang , Ma Yanyun , Ni Chunya , Zhang Yue , Zhu Yifei , Li Haiyang , Wang Jiucun , Lin Jinran , Wu Wenyu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
The key pathophysiological changes in androgenetic alopecia (AGA) are limited to hair follicles (HFs) in frontal and vertex regions, sparing the occipital region.

Objectives
To identify biological differences among HF subpopulations.

Methods
Paired vertex and occipital HFs from 10 male donors with AGA were collected for RNA sequencing assay. Furthermore, HF and cell experiments were conducted on the identified key genes to reveal their roles in AGA.

Results
Transcriptome profiles revealed that 506 mRNAs, 55 microRNAs and 127 long noncoding RNAs were differentially expressed in the AGA vertex HFs. Pathway analysis of mRNAs and microRNAs revealed involvement of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1, Wnt/β-catenin, and focal adhesion pathways. Differential expression of HIF-1 prolyl hydroxylase enzymes (EGLN1, EGLN3) and Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors (SERPINF1, SFRP2) was experimentally validated. In vitro studies revealed that reduction of EGLN1, EGLN3, SERPINF1 and SFRP2 stimulated proliferation of dermal papilla cells. Ex vivo HF studies showed that downregulation of EGLN1, EGLN3 and SERPINF1 promoted HF growth, postponed HF catagen transition, and prolonged the anagen stage, suggesting that these genes may be potentially utilized as therapeutic targets for AGA.

Conclusions
We characterized key transcriptome changes in male AGA HFs, and found that HIF-1 pathway-related genes (EGLN1, EGLN3) and Wnt pathway inhibitors (SERPINF1, SFRP2) may play important roles in AGA.
What is already known about this topic? Multiple differentially expressed genes and signalling pathways have been found between hair follicles (HFs) in the balding area (frontal and vertex regions) and nonbalding area (occipital region) of individuals with androgenetic alopecia (AGA).A whole-transcriptome atlas of the vertex and occipital region is lacking.
What does this study add? We identified a number of differentially expressed genes and pathways between balding vertex and nonbalding occipital AGA HFs by using whole-transcriptome analyses.We identified pathways not previously reported in AGA, such as the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 signalling pathway.We verified that HIF-1 pathway-related genes (EGLN1, EGLN3) and Wnt pathway inhibitors (PEDF, SFRP2) played important roles in dermal papilla cell activity, hair growth and the hair cycle.
What is the translational message? The EGLN1, EGLN3, SERPINF1 and SFRP2 genes may be potentially utilized as therapeutic targets for AGA.
The influence of multidisciplinary team meetings on treatment decisions in advanced bladder cancer
Authors: Walraven Janneke E.W. , Ripping Theodora M. , Oddens Jorg R. , van Rhijn Bas W.G. , Goossens‐Laan Catharina A. , Hulshof Maarten C.C.M. ,   BlaZIB Study Group, Kiemeney Lambertus A. , Witjes J.A. , Lemmens Valery E.P.P. , van der Hoeven Jacobus J.M. , Desar Ingrid M.E. , Aben Katja K.H. , Verhoeven Rob H.A. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the role of specialised genitourinary multidisciplinary team meetings (MDTMs) in decision‐making and identify factors that influence the probability of receiving a treatment plan with curative intent for patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).Patients and methodsData relating to patients with cT2‐4aN0/X‐1 M0 urothelial cell carcinoma, diagnosed between November 2017 and October 2019, were selected from the nationwide, population‐based Netherlands Cancer Registry (‘BlaZIB study’). Curative treatment options were defined as radical cystectomy (RC) with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, chemoradiation or brachytherapy. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between MDTM factors and curative treatment advice and how this advice was followed.ResultsOf the 2321 patients, 2048 (88.2%) were discussed in a genitourinary MDTM. Advanced age (>80 years) and poorer World Health Organization performance status (score 1–2 vs 0) were associated with no discussion (P < 0.001). Being discussed was associated with undergoing treatment with curative intent (odds ratio [OR] 3.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9–4.9), as was the involvement of a RC hospital (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.09–2.65). Involvement of an academic centre was associated with higher rates of bladder‐sparing treatment (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.31–3.21). Patient preference was the main reason for non‐adherence to treatment advice.ConclusionsFor patients with MIBC, the probability of being discussed in a MDTM was associated with age, performance status and receiving treatment with curative intent, especially if a representative of a RC hospital was present. Future studies should focus on the impact of MDTM advice on survival data.
Expanding the phenotype of DNAJC30‐associated Leigh syndrome
Authors: Zawadzka Marta , Krygier Magdalena , Pawłowicz Małgorzata , Wilke Matheus Vernet Machado Bressan , Rutkowska Karolina , Gueguen Naig , Desquiret‐Dumas Valerie , Klee Eric W. , Schimmenti Lisa A. , Sławek Jarosław , Procaccio Vincent , Płoski Rafał , Mazurkiewicz‐Bełdzińska Maria 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLeigh syndrome (LS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by extensive clinical, biochemical, and genetic heterogeneity. Recently, biallelic variants in DNAJC30 gene, encoding a protein crucial for the repair of mitochondrial complex I subunits, have been associated with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and LS. It was suggested that clinical heterogeneity of DNAJC30‐associated mitochondrial disease may be attributed to digenic inheritance. We describe three Polish patients, a 9‐year‐old boy, and female and male siblings, aged 17 and 11 years, with clinical and biochemical manifestations of LS. Exome sequencing (ES) identified a homozygous pathogenic variant in DNAJC30 c.152A>G, p.(Tyr51Cys) in the 9‐year‐old boy. In the siblings, ES identified two DNAJC30 variants: c.152A>G, p.(Tyr51Cys) and c.130_131del, p.(Ser44ValfsTer8) in a compound heterozygous state. In addition, both siblings carried a novel heterozygous c.484G>T, p.(Val162Leu) variant in NDUFS8 gene. This report provides further evidence for the association of DNAJC30 variants with LS. DNAJC30‐associated LS is characterized by variable age at onset, movement disorder phenotype and normal or moderately elevated blood lactate level. Identification of a candidate heterozygous variant in NDUFS8 supports the hypothesis of digenic inheritance. Importantly, DNAJC30 pathogenic variants should be suspected in patients with LS irrespective of optic nerve involvement.
Impact of radiographic field‐of‐view volume on alignment accuracy during virtual implant planning: A noninterventional retrospective pilot study
Authors: Pieralli Stefano , Beyer Christoph , Wesemann Christian , Vach Kirstin , Russe Maximilian F. , Kernen Florian , Nelson Katja , Spies Benedikt C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of reducing the radiographic field of view (FOV) on the trueness and precision of the alignment between cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scanning data for implant planning.Materials and MethodsFifteen participants presenting with one of three clinical scenarios: single tooth loss (ST,n = 5), multiple missing teeth (MT,n = 5) and presence of radiographic artifacts (AR,n = 5) were included. CBCT volumes covering the full arch (FA) were reduced to the quadrant (Q) or the adjacent tooth/teeth (A). Two operators, an expert (exp) in virtual implant planning and an inexperienced clinician, performed multiple superimpositions, with FA‐exp serving as a reference. The deviations were calculated at the implant apex and shoulder levels. Thereafter, linear mixed models were adapted to investigate the influence of FOV on discrepancies.ResultsEvaluation of trueness compared to FA‐exp resulted in the largest mean (AR‐A: 0.10 ± 0.33 mm) and single maximum discrepancy (AR‐Q: 1.44 mm) in the presence of artifacts. Furthermore, for the ST group, the largest mean error (−0.06 ± 0.2 mm, shoulder) was calculated with the FA‐FOV, while for MT, with the intermediate volume (−0.07 ± 0.24 mm, Q). In terms of precision, the mean SD intervals were ≤0.25 mm (A‐exp). Precision was influenced by FOV volume (FA < Q < A) but not by operator expertise.ConclusionsFor single posterior missing teeth, an extended FOV does not improve registration accuracy. However, in the presence of artifacts or multiple missing posterior teeth, caution is recommended when reducing FOV.
Effects of 3 months of treatment with empagliflozin on left ventricle global longitudinal strain and myocardial mechano‐energetic effiency
Authors: Dural İbrahim Etem , Sarı Alper , Ersoy İbrahim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeSodium glucose transporter‐2 (SGLT‐2) inhibitors are employed in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure and coronary artery disease. In the present study, we aimed to investigate how Empagliflozin in SGLT 2 inhibitors affects cardiac contraction and pump efficiency in patients who have Diabetes Mellitus (DM) without cardiovascular disease.MethodsThe conventional echocardiographic records and biochemical values ​​of 62 patients who had DM without a history of cardiovascular disease were evaluated before using Empagliflozin. The myocardial mechano‐energetic (MME) activity and index, and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were also calculated. After 3 months of Empagliflozin use, the tests were repeated and compared with previous data. A p < .05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsLeft ventricular GLS and MME efficiency were found to be significantly higher after treatment (‐17.71 ± 2.12, ‐19.15 ± .71; p < .001 and 62.14 ± 18.21, 72.24 ± 26.57; p: .019).ConclusionAn increase was detected in left ventricular longitudinal strain and MME efficiency after using Empagliflozin for 3 months in patients with DM. This result suggests that Empagliflozin improves left ventricular pump efficiency and contraction.
Rethinking Schooling in Capitalist America from a Marxian Perspective
Authors: Zhang Jianguo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSamuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis's Schooling in Capitalist America, a classic book in the field of education, has become more influential in the last twenty years than it was during the first several years following its publication. Interestingly, however, there are some widespread misconceptions about the book. In this paper, Jianguo Zhang investigates four of the primary critiques of Schooling in Capitalist America and then offers a critical defense of the book. He argues further that for Chinese scholars in education, this book is not only a classic, but it is also an outstanding model for how to apply Marxism to the field of education. It is particularly significant in the context of recent calls in China for a return to class analysis in the social sciences. On a worldwide scale, Schooling depicts the strong link between Karl Marx and education, which may benefit critical analysis of Marx's legacy to the field of education. Finally, the book may also serve to draw our imagination of education back to theoretical resources of socialism.
Post‐anaesthetic spinal cord myelomalacia in horses: A review and a presumptive clinical case presentation
Authors: Viilmann Inga , Smith Matthew R. W. , Vettorato Enzo 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThis article reviews the previous reports of post‐anaesthetic spinal cord myelomalacia (PSCM) in horses and summarises the speculated pathogenesis, potential risk factors, clinical signs, differential diagnosis, histopathology findings, treatment and prognosis of this post‐anaesthetic complication. Furthermore, a clinical case of suspected PSCM is presented.
Prevalence of and risk factors associated withSalmonellashedding among equids presented to a veterinary teaching hospital for colic (2013–2018)
Authors: Kilcoyne Isabelle , Magdesian K. Gary , Guerra Margherita , Dechant Julie E. , Spier Sharon J. , Kass Philip H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundGastrointestinal disease has been associated with shedding ofSalmonellawith previous studies demonstrating that horses with colic have a higher risk of acquiring and sheddingSalmonellaorganisms.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of and risk factors associated withSalmonellashedding in a colic population at a referral clinic.Study designRetrospective case–control study.MethodsFor each colic case that was positive forSalmonella(n = 56), two colic cases (n = 112) that tested negative forSalmonella, were enrolled as controls. Associations between variables andSalmonellashedding were identified using logistic regression. Univariate and multivariable models were developed pertaining to (1) presenting clinicopathological data and (2) clinical variables that developed during hospitalisation.ResultsOf the equids presenting with colic, 1585/1917 had a sample submitted forSalmonellatesting. Of these, 56 were positive forSalmonellayielding a prevalence of 3.5%. Equids sheddingSalmonellawere more likely to present in July (odds ratio [OR] = 7.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.63–32.13;p = 0.009) and present with a history of fever (OR = 53.5; 95% CI = 2.57–1113.03;p = 0.01), increased lactate (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.14–2.29;p = 0.007) and/or neutropenia (OR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.65–0.97;p = 0.02). Hospitalised equids sheddingSalmonellawere more likely to be febrile (OR = 4.8; 95% CI = 1.47–15.8;p = 0.01) and 10 times more likely to develop reflux (OR = 10.1; 95% CI = 1.67–61.43;p = 0.01) compared to colic controls.Main limitationsRetrospective nature of the study and bias inherent to the retrieval of data from medical records cannot be discounted. ClassifyingSalmonellastatus based on a single sample may have resulted in misclassification bias.ConclusionsThe prevalence ofSalmonellashedding in this colic population was low compared to earlier reports. Certain predictors such as the development of a fever or reflux in hospitalised colic cases were associated withSalmonellashedding and may help the clinician to promptly identify horses likely to shed; thus, helping institute effective use of barrier nursing precautions.
Experimental borosilicate bioactive glasses: Pulp cells cytocompatibility and mechanical characterization
Authors: Lizzi Federico , Attik Nina , Goutaudier Christelle , Jackson Phil , Campbell Ian , Rizzo Sébastien , Grosgogeat Brigitte , Villat Cyril 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimTo assess in vitro the effect of two novel phase separated borosilicate glasses (PSBS) in the system SiO2‐B2O3‐K2O‐CaO‐Al2O3 on dental pulp cells; and to compare their bioactivity and mechanical properties to a conventional fluoroaluminosilicate glass ionomer cement namely FUJI IX.MethodologyThe cytocompatibility assessment of the two novel borosilicate glasses, one without alumina (PSBS8) and one containing alumina (PSBS16), was performed on cultured primary human pulp cells. Alamar blue assay was used to assess cell metabolic activity and cell morphology was evaluated by confocal imaging. The bioactivity in Stimulated Body Fluid was also evaluated after 1 and 3 weeks of immersion using SEM‐EDX analysis. Vickers microhardness and flexural strength were assessed after incorporating the glass particles into a commercial glass ionomer cement (GIC) liquid containing both polyacrylic and polybasic carboxylic acid.ResultsThe data revealed that the two borosilicate glasses enhanced cell viability ratios at all‐time points in both direct and indirect contact assays. After 3 days of contact, PSBS8 without alumina showed higher viability rate (152%) compared to the PSBS16 containing alumina (145%) and the conventional glass ionomer particles (117%). EDX analysis confirmed an initial Ca/P ratio of 2.1 for 45S5K and 2.08 for PSBS8 without alumina after 3 weeks of immersion. The cement prepared using PSBS8 showed significantly higher Vickers hardness values (p = .001) than that prepared using PSBS16 (46.6 vs. 36.7 MPa). After 24 h of maturation, PSBS8 (without alumina) exhibited a flexural strength of 12.9 MPa compared to a value of 16.4 MPa for the commercial control. PSBS8 without alumina had a higher strength than PSBS16 with alumina, after 1 and 7 days of maturation (p = .001).ConclusionsThe present in vitro results demonstrated that the borosilicate bioactive glass without alumina enhanced pulp cell viability, spreading and acellular bioactivity better than the conventional GIC and the experimental borosilicate glass containing alumina.
Real‐world treatment patterns and oncological outcomes in early relapse and refractory disease after bacillus Calmette‐Guérin failure in non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Murakami Yasukiyo , Matsumoto Kazumasa , Miyake Makito , Amano Noriyuki , Shimura Soichiro , Nishimura Nobutaka , Iida Kota , Matsushita Yuto , Abe Takashige , Yamada Takeshi , Uemura Motohide , Matsui Yoshiyuki , Taoka Rikiya , Kojima Takahiro , Kobayashi Takashi , Nishiyama Naotaka , Kitamura Hiroshi , Nishiyama Hiroyuki , Fujimoto Kiyohide , Iwamura Masatsugu 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo assess real‐world oncological outcomes between the radical cystectomy (RC) group and non‐RC group for early relapse and refractory disease.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 953 patients with recurrent non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who received bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) at 31 affiliated hospitals from 2000 to 2019. Patients with missing data on the timing of failure were excluded and 871 patients remained eligible, of whom 447, 357, and 67 were classified as early relapse/refractory disease, intermediate/late relapse disease, and intolerant disease, respectively. For early relapse/refractory disease, patients were divided into two salvage treatment groups: RC and non‐RC. The clinicopathological variables of each group were examined using Kaplan–Meier plots and proportional Cox hazard ratios with matched score analyses to compare oncological outcomes between the two groups.ResultsSignificantly worse progression‐free survival and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) were confirmed in the early relapse/refractory disease group compared to the intermediate/late relapse group. Of the 88 salvage patients in the RC group with early relapse/refractory disease, ≤pT1 was observed in 47, pT2 in 11, and ≥pT3 in 28 (two patients with unknown pT category). In early relapse/refractory disease, the RC group showed significantly high‐risk tumor compared to the non‐RC group. However, no significant difference was observed in CSS after matched score analyses (p = 0.45) between the RC and non‐RC groups.ConclusionsThis study found that the RC group showed no significant superiority compared to the non‐RC group in CSS for early relapse/refractory disease in terms of first salvage therapy.
Risk factors for postoperative complications in children with proximal hypospadias with severe chordee who underwent urethral plate transection
Authors: Zhou Guanglun , Wang Ruifeng , Zhu Wenbin , Yin Jianchun , Yang Zhilin , Li Shoulin 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo identify the risk factors associated with developing complications after transection of the urethral plate for proximal hypospadias with severe chordee.MethodsWe used a prospective database to identify patients with proximal hypospadias and severe chordee who underwent transection of the urethral plate and primary hypospadias repair in 2011 and 2021. All patients underwent urethroplasty with a follow‐up period of >12 months. The association between variables (age, surgical technique, length of urethral defect, and surgeon volume) and postoperative complications (fistulas, urethral strictures, diverticula and glans dehiscence) was analyzed.ResultsAltogether, 493 patients were included, of whom 133 (26.9%) had postoperative complications. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the preoperative proximal meatal position, one‐stage repair, longer urethral defect length, and low surgeon volume were significant risk factors for postoperative complications with proximal hypospadias with severe chordee who underwent transection of the urethral plate. A urethral defect length of ≥4.55 cm was considered the best cutoff value for predicting postoperative complications.ConclusionsPreoperative proximal meatal location, one‐stage repair, longer urethral defect length, and low surgeon volume were associated with postoperative complications in patients with proximal hypospadias with severe chordee who underwent transection of the urethral plate. A urethral defect length of ≥4.55 cm was significantly associated with the development of complications.
Caspofungin at sub-inhibitory concentration promotes the formation of Candida albicans persister cells
Authors: Ye Meng-Si , Chen Hua-Le , Liu Cai-Xia , Ren Ai-Juan , Yang Hai-Wei , Wang Shi-Shi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
Low caspofungin exposure is frequently encountered in patients with invasive candidiasis caused by Candida albicans. This study aimed to investigate the effects of caspofungin on C. albicans at sub-inhibitory concentrations.

Methods and Results
First, a comparative transcriptomics analysis was performed on C. albicans receiving caspofungin at sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). The results showed that caspofungin significantly changed the mRNA expression profile in DAY185, with DE-mRNAs enriched in the functions of cell wall biosynthesis, metabolism, etc. Subsequently, cellular fitness, cell aggregation, energy metabolism activity and the proportion of persister cells of C. albicans were quantitatively and/or qualitatively assessed after sub-MIC caspofungin exposure. No significant changes in cell fitness and aggregation formation were observed during treatment of C. albicans with sub-MIC caspofungin. In C. albicans aggregation treated with sub-MIC caspofungin, we observed a decrease in respiratory metabolism and an increase in persister cells; this effect was more pronounced in als1ΔΔ than in DAY185.

Conclusions
Pre-exposure to sub-MIC caspofungin suppresses C. albicans respiratory metabolism and promotes persister cell development.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Caspofungin should be used with caution in patients with C. albicans infections, as anti-infection therapy may fail due to persister cells.