bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-cost Treatment Method for Organic Matter and Nutrients in Landfill Leachate-Batch Sorption Experiments
Authors: Perera G.R.Y.  , Dayanthi W.K.C.N.  
Published: June 2022

In this study, the ability of a low-cost composite adsorbent prepared using Washed Sea Sand (WSS), Dewatered Alum Sludge (DAS), Zero Valent Iron (ZVI), and Granular Activated Carbon (GAC), to treat Organic Compounds in terms of COD, Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP) was investigated. The percentages of the materials used for the composite are DAS 40%, WSS 40%, ZVI 10%, and GAC 10%. The results of the study indicated that the removal efficiency of COD in landfillleachate by the composite adsorbent was 79.93±1.95%, which was followed by DAS (10.1%), WSS (51.3%), ZVI (42.0%), and GAC (100.0%). The corresponding adsorption capacity was 8.5 mg/g by the composite adsorbent and adsorption capacities of GAC, ZVI, WSS, and DAS were 24.39 mg/g, 2.27 mg/g, 7.01 mg/g, and 1.70 mg/g, respectively. Further, the maximum removal efficiencies of the composite adsorbent for TN and TP were 84.9% and 97.4%, respectively, and the respective adsorption capacities were 1.85 mg/g and 0.55 mg/g. A study on the behaviour of the equilibrium data of COD and nutrient adsorption revealed that Elovich and Langmuir isotherm models provided the best fits. Further, batch studies on the composite adsorbent media indicated that the optimum COD removal took place at a temperature of 35° C, an initial concentration of 398 mg/L, and pH of 5.55. The importance of the composite lies in the fact that it can treat more than one contaminant simultaneously. In addition, the application of used materials is sustainable as proper disposal sites are highly limited. According to the results of the study, 200 times diluted leachate having a COD value of 380 mg/L can be treated up to a percentage efficiency of 80%, by the composite adsorbent. The data were statistically analyzed. The result showed the ability of the composite adsorbent to be used as packing media in any landfill-leachate treatment system or any treatment system targeting COD of any given wastewater of the same characteristics as landfill-leachate. Packing media can be either filtration media in pump-and-treat treatment systems or reactive media in permeable reactive barriers. This research was based on a mass range of 3-18 g within 180 minutes. However, further research on a widened mass range within a longer time period is needed.
Keywords: Adsorption, Batch sorption experiments, Composite adsorbent, Landfill-leachate, Organic matter
The Effect and Sustainable Management of Simply Overdraft in Two Different Groundwater Observation Wells
Authors: Şekerci K.  , Tuna M.C.  , Doğan M.Ş.  
Published: June 2022

The term overdraft has been defined as a situation in which groundwater extraction by pumping exceeds the aquifer charge over an extended period of time. Groundwater is the main source of drinking and utility water in rural areas, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. The aquifer is recharged by precipitation, rivers, and lakes. Causes such as the increase in temperatures due to climate change, decrease in precipitation, pollution of aquifers with wastes negatively affect the recharge of groundwater. When unlicensed wells and unconscious use of water in agriculture are added to all these reasons, which increase overdraft, the future of groundwater is endangered. For this reason, the sustainable management of groundwater is of great importance. In this study, changes in water levels were investigated by using the data of some observation wells within the borders of Uluova micro-basin in Elazig Province, one of the sub-basins of the Fırat basin, one of the important basins of Turkey. The study was carried out by comparing the seasonal water level measurements of two different observation wells drilled at the same ground level in Yurtbaşı and Yazıkonak towns within the borders of the Uluova basin in 2011-2018. Seasonal water level measurements for each year in the relevant observation wells were made in September when the water level is the lowest and in April when the water level is the highest. In both observation wells, it was observed thatgroundwater levels dropped significantly in September, the end of the dry period. Except for 2018, it was observed that the water levels in the Yurtbaşı observation well in September and April decreased much more than the water levels in the Yazıkonak observation well. In the September 2018 measurement, the measurement could not be made because the water in the Yazıkonak observation well was completely exhausted. When the seasonal water changes in the wells are examined, it can be said that the seasonal water level change in the Yurtbaşı observation well is more pronounced, except for 2018. As a result, it was observed that the water level in both wells decreased with each passing year compared to the previous year. This shows that overdraft results should be investigated in more detail by examining different observation wells in the region. In addition, it has been understood that it is very important to create a management model for the sustainability of groundwater resources by using the data of other observation wells in the basin.
Keywords: Groundwater, Overdraft, Well, Sustainable management*This study has been produced from the PhD research titled “Uluova Mikro Havzası Yeraltı Sularının Sürdürülebilir Yönetimi (Sustainable Management of the Uluova Micro Basin)” which is being prepared in the Graduate School of Sciences Fırat University, Department of Civil Engineering, Hydraulic Doctorate Program
Assessment of Chemical Retention of Riparian Area (Thaulla) in a Small Tank: A Study in Kankanam Tank, Weeraketiya, Sri Lanka
Authors: Sewwandi L.A.U.  , Amarasinghe S.R.  , Samarawickrama U.I.  
Published: June 2022

The agriculture sector in Sri Lanka utilizes a considerable amount of land cover (27,400 km2), allowing a significant contribution to the national economy. Most of these agricultural fields are cultivated via irrigation schemes, especially in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka, which receives limited rainfall throughout the year. In ancient days, communities in these areas used their techniques to develop tanks as a strategy to store and conserve the rainwater. The riparian area or “Thaulla” located in the upper peripheral region of the tank, is one of the basic and vital components that help filter nutrient pollutants and sediments in the water inflow of the tank. This study aimed to assess the chemical retention of Thaulla in a small tank viz. Kankanam tank, located in Hambantota District in Sri Lanka. The extent in the Thaulla area of the selected tank is about 2,185.3 m2. Surface soil (0-30 cm) samples from eleven locations within the Thaulla area and water samples from three tank locations were collected randomly. As the control, typical soil samples near the sampling site were collected. These samples were tested using standard methods for nine parameters: pH, EC, NO3--N, NH4+-N, Total N, P, Na, K, and Ca. ArcMap Software prepared a spatial distribution map for each parameter to identify their spatial variations in the studied area. Results revealed that concentrations of nutrients in Thaulla area were high compared to the typical soil and water in the tank indicating that it was highly contributed to retaining chemicals such as P (29.88 ppm), Ca (447.55 ppm), Na (5.14 ppm), and K (4.17 ppm). According to the spatial variation, it was noted that various external sources around the tank influenced the nutrient retention in the Thaulla area. The nutrient retention was high in the areas, closer to the landfills, paddy fields, and leachate canals. Further, the functionality of the Thaulla area as a constructed wetland could be identified. The tank water quality was satisfied with the tested parameters and in accordance with the irrigation water quality guidelines. Therefore, the Thaulla/riparian area is an important component of a tank allowing substantial chemical retention to control the pollution of water in the tank. Further studies need to be conducted to understand the seasonal variation of the chemical retention in Thaulla area.
Keywords: Constructed wetland, Riparian area, Small tank, Soil parameters, Water quality parameters
Policy Development for Initiating Green Universities in Sri Lanka: A Case Study Based on the NSBM Green University
Authors: De Silva L.D.I.  
Published: June 2022

The higher educational institutes expand their scope of operational capacities while enhancing the accountability and sustainability in the terms of environment. Similar to the government conventional universities, recently oriented private institutes consecutive to develop the strategies and projects related to green technology. The green campus concept allows operating main functions of the institute, students and staff to utilize energy and resource in sustainable manner. In this paper addresses policies that have initiated to use the resource and energy efficient, the problems occurred during the development of green campus, analyzes based on the impact of the green area to reduce carbon foot print and possible approaches that can be used from other international Green Universities. The study selects NSBM Green University as the location. NSBM Green University is one of the green universities in South Asia and sets an example for the whole South Asia by paving the way for environmental sustainability. The main objective of the study is to identify the potentials of NSBM green university under the framework of green technology. On other hand, the investigation focuses attention on three main scopes namely; reduction of the carbon foot print by expanding the green area, by introducing eco-friendly power generation units and consisted of waste disposal. Meanwhile, the study tries to address the policy framework of the NSBM Green University to promote environmental friendly life style among the university staff and students. The strategies depict application of efficient technologies, and university resource management policy initiatives. The research adopts a case study approach to initially and in depth analysis related to the contextual insights of policy development in the NSBM Green University. The study emerges efficient action cores of energy and resource utilization; it further saves land, energy, water, material and environment protection. The study identifies the attributes like demonstrating green buildings, demonstrating energy efficiency retrofits, demonstrating renewable energy applications, demonstrating energy saving management and finally introducing energy saving management systems. Besides, study reveals NSBM University can strive for a positive reputation through the implementation of the green technology. High level of initiative ideas, sensitive of students for the green campaign and enforcement of the government to motivate for altering green concepts are synthesized in the study as the main results. As the conclusion green master plan is cooperated with green education, culture and activity in the institute.
Keywords: Green university, Policy, Energy
Diversity and Distribution of Marine Macro Algae at Dickwella, Bathigama Algal Bed in Southern Sri Lanka
Authors: Ganepola G.A.P.R.  , Bandara K.R.V.  , Manage P.M.  
Published: June 2022

Seaweeds or marine macro algae are important factors in marine biodiversity of Sri Lanka. They are classified into three divisions as Chlorophyta (green algae), Phaeophyta (brown algae) and Rhodophyta (red algae). Irrespective of the great ecological importance and the higher potential for the economic uses, studies on marine macro algae in Sri Lanka is scanty. The current research was aimed at studying the diversity and distribution of marine macro algae at Dickwella, Bathigama algal bed in Southern coast Sri Lanka. The algal bed of 75 m×5 m were studied using 12 quadrates (0.5 m×0.5 m) distributed systematically with 15 m gap along the four line transects which were located parallel to the coast and with 5 m gap between them. The identification of macro algal species was done according to the standard guidelines and abundance was assessed following the Braun-Blanuet cover abundance scale. According to the results, twenty five species were found including nine Rhodophytes, twelve Chlorophyta, and four Pheaophyta. There was greater species richness in intertidal zone and high species diversity was found in upper intertidal zone of beach rock. Ulva fasciata and Caulerpa recemosa were the highest abundance species. Sargassum sp. was very high on intertidal zone covering a large area of the algal bed. Lower intertidal zone of algal platform had a lower species diversity as well as the lower species abundance. C. recemosa and crustose coralinealgae were the dominant in the study area. Halimeda sp. were recorded in the sand portion of the intertidal pools. The results suggests that the continuous survey with monthly intervals to study the seasonal variations of the algal flora and introduce rules and regulations are important to conserve algal diversity in Sri Lankan coastal belt.
Keywords: Bathigama algal bed, Sri Lanka, Diversity, Marine macro algae
Performance of Thermally Activated Laterite Soil as Adsorbent for the Removal of Chromium and Copper
Authors: Dissanayake N.U.S.  , Jayawardana D.T.  , Buddhima A.V.P.S.  , Mapatuna M.H.L.  , Hisho R.  
Published: June 2022

The presence of heavy metals in the environment is a major cause of concern due to its negative impact on environment and human health. Adsorption has been proven to be one of the best options for pollution reduction in water, thus the use of thermally activated laterite soil for removal of Chromium (VI) and Copper ions from aqueous solutions was examined in this study. Two different laterite grain sizes of thermally activated laterite soil were used in the sorption experiment to remove the above mentioned ions from synthetic wastewater under laboratory conditions. The soil was gathered using the auger drilling method in Sri Lanka’s Western Province. The excess moisture content in the soil samples was removed by air drying it for 48 hours before crushing them to get powdered material (2 mm and 0.5 mm). Thermally activated soil samples were prepared by heating laterite in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at 100 C, 200 C, 300 C, and 400 C. In order to determine the optimal adsorption conditions of chromium and copper ions into laterite soil, batch experiments were conducted at room temperature and natural pH. Based on the results of studies, thermally activated soil under 200 C temperatures for both 2 mm and 0.5 mm grain sizes gave maximum removal efficiencies for Chromium and Copper ions. The optimal contact time for 2 mm and 0.5 mm grain sizes for Chromium and Copper ions removal were around 20 minutes. Maximum removal efficiencies of Chromium and Copper were identified at 0.1 g of optimal soil dosage for 2 mm and 0.5 mm grain sizes. The results revealed that, thermal activation of laterite could give the considerable removal efficiencies for Chromium and Copper ions removal from water.
Keywords: Adsorption, Activated laterite, Chromium, Copper, Optimum time
INFLUENCE MECHANISMS OF INNOVATION-BASED ACTIVITY OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE FORMATION OF A COMPETITIVE ECONOMY
Authors: ZEYNALOV ANAR.A. 
Published: June 2022

Topicality. The topicality is that innovative actions are critical for demonstrating resilience in an increasingly competitive global economy. As a result, market participants must constantly adapt and upgrade their products, services, and manufacturing methods to take advantage of the most recent scientific and technological advances. It is critical to investigate, develop, and implement innovative ideas, methods, and products that will improve the economy and society.
Aim and tasks. The analysis and study of mechanisms for increasing competitiveness and increasing the share of the international market in economic competition and development, identifying the economic contribution of innovative entrepreneurship, is the development of small and medium enterprises in a rapidly globalizing world.Research results. The prospects for the development of small and medium businesses in industrialized countries were examined, and recommendations for the actions were made. The establishment of a socioeconomic system that will assure long-term economic progress is critical for modern society's well-being. Development and competitive advantages are determined by science, innovation, and technology. All three of these criteria are necessary for long-term economic growth and sustainable productivity increase. In highly developed industrial societies, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which play an important role in technological growth, form the foundation of the economic structure. As a result, it's critical to foster a technical innovation culture in SMEs, encourage creative thinking in the development of new products, processes, and services, improve knowledge management skills, and encourage risk-taking.
Conclusion. Materials and findings in the study can be utilized to establish complicated and systematic measures, as well as conceptual approaches to problem solving, in order to create a competitive economy of innovative small and medium businesses in modern times.
PECULIARITIES OF THE USE OF INNOVATIVE GROWTH REGULATORS IN POTATO AND SOYBEAN CULTIVATION IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE PRIOB’E AREA
Authors: Albert M. A. , Petrov A. F. , Shulga M. S. , Galeev R. R. , Kovalev E. A. 
Published: June 2022

The authors cited the results of comprehensive experiments on the application of innovative environmentally acceptable growth regulators on industrial crops: potatoes and soybeans. The experiments were conducted in 2019-2021 in the soil and climatic zone of the drained forest-steppe in the conditions of chernozem on potato varieties, Lyubava (early) and Tuleevsky (medium maturing), and soybean on grain Zolotistaya (early maturing). These experimental fields belong to the Educational and Experimental Farm “Praktik” of Novosibirsk Region and the Closed Joint-Stock Company Livestock Breeding Farming “Irmen” of Novosibirsk Region. The maximum photosynthetic performance of Novosil and Ecofus applied to potatoes and soybeans is up to 19 % compared to control. The authors of the study treated crops before sowing as well as on the shoots before the beginning of the phase of budding. The yield against the growth regulators used increased significantly by 21-24 % when Novosil and Ecofus were applied during seed treatment and when spraying vegetative plants before the phase of budding. It was statistically established that the potato yield depended on variety by 30 %, on growth regulators by 33, and on conditions of the year by 23 %.
Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Menggunakan Model Blended Learning Berbasis Pada Google Classroom
Authors: Kurniasari Wening , Murtono Murtono , Setiawan Deka 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan Pembelajaran Blended Learning untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa. Blended Learning merupakan aplikasi tercipta untuk mengatasi keterbatasan antara pendidik dan anak didik, terutama dalam hal ruang dan waktu. Minat belajar adalah aspek psikologi seseorang yang menampakkan diri dalam beberapa gejala, seperti; gairah, keinginan, perasaan suka untuk melakukan proses perubahan tingkah laku melalui berbagai kegiatan yang meliputi mencari pengetahuan dan pengalaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, yaitu menggambarkan atau melukiskan objek penelitian berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang tampak atau sebagaimana adanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran bisadilakukan secara online menggunakan blended learning sehingga perlu untuk memberikan perhatian penuh didalam belajar dan adanya perhatian tersebut karena siswa merasa senang dan tertantang mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran baik di kelas maupun didalam classroom. Faktor minat belajar siswa dipengaruhi oleh faktor intern dan faktor ekstern. Siswa yang memiliki kemampuan diri secara fisik maupun mental yang baik dan kondisi lingkungan yang mendukung, maka dapat menumbuhkan minat belajar siswa yang baik. Pembelajaran blended learning sangat membantu dalam pembelajaran pada masa pandemic seperti saat ini sehingga dapat menumbuhkan minat belajar anak dan anak semakin termotivasi untuk belajar.
Homogenization of a class of singular elliptic problems in two-component domains
Authors: Raimondi Federica 
Published: June 2022

This paper deals with the homogenization of a quasilinear elliptic problem having a singular lower order term and posed in a two-component domain with an ε-periodic imperfect interface. We prescribe a Dirichlet condition on the exterior boundary, while we assume that the continuous heat flux is proportional to the jump of the solution on the interface via a function of order [Formula: see text]. We prove an homogenization result for [Formula: see text] by means of the periodic unfolding method (see SIAM J. Math. Anal. 40 ( 2008 ) 1585–1620 and The Periodic Unfolding Method ( 2018 ) Springer), adapted to two-component domains in ( J. Math. Sci. 176 ( 2011 ) 891–927). One of the main tools in the homogenization process is a convergence result for a suitable auxiliary linear problem, associated with the weak limit of the sequence [Formula: see text] of the solutions, as [Formula: see text]. More precisely, our result shows that the gradient of [Formula: see text] behaves like that of the solution of the auxiliary problem, which allows us to pass to the limit in the quasilinear term, and to study the singular term near its singularity, via an accurate a priori estimate.
FORMATION SPECIFICITY AND QUALITY ASSESSMENT CRITERIA OF FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIONS IN FLEXIBLE LEARNING SPACES OF EXTRACURRICULAR EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Vasylchenko Daria 
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the study of educational spaces organization in extracurricular education institutions. A list of criteria for assessing the quality of functional connections between classroom zones has been determined. The work is based on the typological distribution of the study areas of into zones of individual (personalized) work, group (team) work, mass work (collective work, social meetings, intergroup work), on the conditional functional zones’ division according to the work scenario into independent studying zones and teacher-accompanied learning areas. The purpose of this work is to identify criteria for functional connections quality assessing and to determine the areas usage efficiency coefficient when using various scenarios of educational work in the learning spaces.
Functional connections formation specificity in flexible learning spaces lies in the need for a variable combination of work and training zones according to different scenarios, as well as specific requirements - the formation of zones with a high level of sound insulation, compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements for educational environments - which are determined by the design task. The assessment of functional connections quality is determined on the basis of qualitative and quantitative indicators. Qualitative indicators include the presence of landmarks in the environment, color solution, selection of materials, ergonomic criterion, sanitary and hygienic criterion, the degree of learning environment accessibility. The quantitative indicators include the ratio of useful area indicators to the total area. The closer this indicator is to 1, the more efficiently the area of the institution is used.
The work defines the approximate percentage ratios between transit, purely educational and general areas of educational areas, which are used in modern design solutions and can serve as a reference ratio of educational spaces for new design solutions. In the work, based on the analysis of design solutions, a coefficient was determined, which will allow to determine more accurately the total and useful area of the extracurricular education institution, designed for certain types of work.