bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein engineering for feedback resistance in 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase
Authors: Jayaraman Kumaresan , Trachtmann Natalia , Sprenger Georg A. , Gohlke Holger 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The shikimate pathway delivers aromatic amino acids (AAAs) in prokaryotes, fungi, and plants and is highly utilized in the industrial synthesis of bioactive compounds. Carbon flow into this pathway is controlled by the initial enzyme 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase (DAHPS). AAAs produced further downstream, phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine (Tyr), and tryptophan (Trp), regulate DAHPS by feedback inhibition. Corynebacterium glutamicum, the industrial workhorse for amino acid production, has two isoenzymes of DAHPS, AroF (Tyr sensitive) and AroG (Phe and Tyr sensitive). Here, we introduce feedback resistance against Tyr in the class I DAHPS AroF (AroFcg). We pursued a consensus approach by drawing on structural modeling, sequence and structural comparisons, knowledge of feedback-resistant variants in E. coli homologs, and computed folding free energy changes. Two types of variants were predicted: Those where substitutions putatively either destabilize the inhibitor binding site or directly interfere with inhibitor binding. The recombinant variants were purified and assessed in enzyme activity assays in the presence or absence of Tyr. Of eight AroFcg variants, two yielded > 80% (E154N) and > 50% (P155L) residual activity at 5 mM Tyr and showed > 50% specific activity of the wt AroFcg in the absence of Tyr. Evaluation of two and four further variants at positions 154 and 155 yielded E154S, completely resistant to 5 mM Tyr, and P155I, which behaves similarly to P155L. Hence, feedback-resistant variants were found that are unlikely to evolve by point mutations from the parental gene and, thus, would be missed by classical strain engineering.

Key points
• We introduce feedback resistance against Tyr in the class I DAHPS AroF
• Variants at position 154 (155) yield > 80% (> 50%) residual activity at 5 mM Tyr
• The variants found are unlikely to evolve by point mutations from the parental gene
Efficacy and safety of a mobile app intervention in patients with inflammatory arthritis: a prospective pilot study
Authors: Fedkov Dmytro , Berghofen Andrea , Weiss Christel , Peine Christine , Lang Felix , Knitza Johannes , Kuhn Sebastian , Krämer Bernhard K. , Leipe Jan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEULAR highlighted the essential role of digital health in increasing self-management and improving clinical outcomes in patients with arthritis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the digital health application (DHA) in patients with inflammatory arthritis. We assessed demographic parameters, treatment regimen, disease activity, and other patient-reported outcomes at baseline and after 4 weeks of DHA use added to standard care treatment. Of 17 patients, who completed the study, 7 (41.2%) patients were male, ranging from 19 to 63 (40.5 ± 12.2) years. No significant change in antirheumatic treatment was observed during the study. Statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) were noted for health-related quality of life (increase in Physical Component Summary of Short Form-36 (SF-36) by 23.6%) and disease activity (decrease of Clinical Disease Activity Index and Simple Disease Activity Index by 38.4% and 39.9%, respectively). Clinically significant improvement was demonstrated for SF-36 Total Score (+ 14.4%), disease activity (Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Index− 5 to 15.9%), and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire− 9 to 13.5%). None of the efficacy parameters showed negative trends. No adverse events were reported throughout the study. The usability level was high i.e., the mean mHealth Application Usability Questionnaire Score of 5.96 (max.: 7.0) demonstrated a high level of application usability. This suggests that using a personalized disease management program based on DHA significantly improves several measures of patient-reported outcomes and disease activity in patients with inflammatory arthritis in a timely manner. These findings highlight the potential of complementary digital therapy in patients with inflammatory arthritis.
Evaluation of a Regional Ensemble Data Assimilation System for Typhoon Prediction
Authors: Lei Lili , Ge Yangjinxi , Tan Zhe-Min , Zhang Yi , Chu Kekuan , Qiu Xin , Qian Qifeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAn ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) combined with the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) is cycled and evaluated for western North Pacific (WNP) typhoons of year 2016. Conventional in situ data, radiance observations, and tropical cyclone (TC) minimum sea level pressure (SLP) are assimilated every 6 h using an 80-member ensemble. For all TC categories, the 6-h ensemble priors from the WRF/EnKF system have an appropriate amount of variance for TC tracks but have insufficient variance for TC intensity. The 6-h ensemble priors from the WRF/EnKF system tend to overestimate the intensity for weak storms but underestimate the intensity for strong storms. The 5-d deterministic forecasts launched from the ensemble mean analyses of WRF/EnKF are compared to the NCEP and ECMWF operational control forecasts. Results show that the WRF/EnKF forecasts generally have larger track errors than the NCEP and ECMWF forecasts for all TC categories because the regional simulation cannot represent the large-scale environment better than the global simulation. The WRF/EnKF forecasts produce smaller intensity errors and biases than the NCEP and ECMWF forecasts for typhoons, but the opposite is true for tropical storms and severe tropical storms. The 5-d ensemble forecasts from the WRF/EnKF system for seven typhoon cases show appropriate variance for TC track and intensity with short forecast lead times but have insufficient spread with long forecast lead times. The WRF/EnKF system provides better ensemble forecasts and higher predictability for TC intensity than the NCEP and ECMWF ensemble forecasts.
Cross-regional homeostatic and reactive glial signatures in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Trobisch Tim , Zulji Amel , Stevens Nikolas A. , Schwarz Sophia , Wischnewski Sven , Öztürk Mikail , Perales-Patón Javier , Haeussler Maximilian , Saez-Rodriguez Julio , Velmeshev Dmitry , Schirmer Lucas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifocal and progressive inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). However, the compartmentalized pathology of the disease affecting various anatomical regions including gray and white matter and lack of appropriate disease models impede understanding of the disease. Utilizing single-nucleus RNA-sequencing and multiplex spatial RNA mapping, we generated an integrated transcriptomic map comprising leukocortical, cerebellar and spinal cord areas in normal and MS tissues that captures regional subtype diversity of various cell types with an emphasis on astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. While we found strong cross-regional diversity among glial subtypes in control tissue, regional signatures become more obscure in MS. This suggests that patterns of transcriptomic changes in MS are shared across regions and converge on specific pathways, especially those regulating cellular stress and immune activation. In addition, we found evidence that a subtype of white matter oligodendrocytes appearing across all three CNS regions adopt pro-remyelinating gene signatures in MS. In summary, our data suggest that cross-regional transcriptomic glial signatures overlap in MS, with different reactive glial cell types capable of either exacerbating or ameliorating pathology.
Maximal intended velocity enhances strength training-induced neuromuscular stimulation in older adults
Authors: Tøien Tiril , Malmo Thomas , Espedal Lars , Wang Eivind 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe age-related attenuation in neuromuscular function can be mitigated with strength training. Current recommendations for untrained and elderly recommend performing the strength training with a controlled movement velocity (CON). However, applying maximal intended velocity (MIV) in the concentric phase of movement may augment neuromuscular stimulation and potentially enhance training adaptations. Thus, applying rate of electromyography (EMG) rise (RER) recordings, we examined the acute early phase neuromuscular response to these two contraction types in quadriceps femoris during leg extension, along with actual movement velocity, in 12 older (76 ± 6 years) and 12 young men (23 ± 2 years). Results revealed that older adults had a lower one repetition maximum (1RM) than young (33 ± 9 kg vs. 50 ± 9 kg; p = 0.001) and lower actual velocity across relative intensities of ~ 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% of 1RM for CON and MIV (all p < 0.05). Older adults also had consistently reduced RER compared to young during both conditions (old: 1043–1810 μV; young: 1844–3015 μV; all p < 0.05). However, RER was higher in contractions with MIV compared to CON for both age groups, and across all intensities (98–674%, all p < 0.05). In conclusion, despite decreased maximal strength and attenuated neuromuscular response with advancing age, our results document an augmented neuromuscular activation when repetitions are performed with MIV in the concentric phase of movement.
A qualitative comparison of the nutrition care experiences of carers supporting patients with head and neck cancer throughout surgery and radiation treatment and survivorship
Authors: Hiatt Joanne , Young Adrienne , Brown Teresa , Banks Merrilyn , Segon Bronwyn , Bauer Judith 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To understand and compare the nutrition care experiences of carers supporting patients throughout surgery and radiation treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC) to inform changes to service delivery in the inpatient and outpatient setting to ensure carers needs in their supportive role throughout the treatment and survivorship period are met.

Methods
As part of a larger study, narrative interviews were completed with fourteen carers of patients diagnosed with HNC at 2 weeks, 3 months and 12 months post-treatment completion. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to interpret and understand differences in carer experiences of nutrition care between surgery and radiation treatment.

Results
Two main themes across each treatment modality were identified: (1) access to information and support from healthcare professionals and (2) adjustment to the physical and psychological impact of treatment.

Conclusion
This study highlights the increasing need to ensure carers are included in the provision of nutrition information and support to patients throughout and beyond their treatment trajectory. Having structured support available to patients and carers throughout radiation treatment meant that carer needs were reduced. However, without the opportunity for structured support in the inpatient setting, many carers expressed high care needs in supporting patients in the post-surgical phase.

Implications for cancer survivors
Providing carers with access to structured support for nutrition care in the inpatient and outpatient setting can reduce their supportive care needs throughout the treatment and survivorship period.
The tangential view described by Moneim to demonstrate scapholunate dissociation: an update
Authors: Imada Allicia O. , Welch Kathryn , Mlady Gary , Moneim Moheb S. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Scapholunate dissociation is a common and significant injury to the wrist. Radiographs are important in the diagnosis of this injury and in the planning of treatment. The tangential radiograph view was described almost 40 years ago as a method for accurately measuring scapholunate gaps. The hand is positioned on a 20° foam rubber block and the thumb on the cassette, which positions the scaphoid and lunate articular surfaces parallel, without patient discomfort or effort. The goal of this study was to review this method with more recent data and in a larger group of patients.

Methods
Radiographs of 31 patients who had scapholunate interosseous ligament tears and surgical repair over a 9 year period were retrospectively evaluated. Each of the four authors independently measured scapholunate gaps for posteroanterior and tangential views.

Results
The tangential view gaps were significantly greater than the posteroanterior gaps overall. Similar results were found for borderline cases where the posteroanterior gap was less than 3 mm. Every tangential view gap measurement was greater than its respective posteroanterior gap with good inter-rater reliability.

Conclusion
The tangential view is a reliable radiographic method to identify scapholunate gaps. It should be obtained when there is clinical concern for scapholunate dissociation, especially in patients with borderline posteroanterior gaps.
Predictors of amounts of child and adolescent mental health service use
Authors: Edbrooke-Childs Julian , Rashid Anisatu , Ritchie Benjamin , Deighton Jessica 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to build evidence about how to tailor services to meet the individual needs of young people by identifying predictors of amounts of child and adolescent mental health service use. We conducted a secondary analysis of a large administrative dataset from services in England was conducted using the Mental Health Services Data Set (years 2016–17 and 2017–18). The final sample included N = 27,362 episodes of care (periods of service use consisting of at least two attended care contacts and less than 180 days between care contacts) from 39 services. There were 50–10,855 episodes per service. The descriptive statistics for episodes of care were: Mage = 13 years, SDage = 4.71, range = 0–25 years; 13,785 or 50% male. Overall, there were high levels of heterogeneity in number of care contacts within episodes of care: M = 11.12, SD = 28.28, range = 2–1529. Certain characteristics predicted differential patterns of service use. For example, young people with substance use (beta = 6.29, 95% CI = 5.06–7.53) or eating disorders (beta = 4.30, 95% CI = 3.29–5.30) were particularly more likely to have higher levels of service use. To build on this, evidence is needed about predictors of child and adolescent mental health treatment outcome and whether the same characteristics predict levels of improvement as well as levels of service use.
A holistic approach for image-to-graph: application to optical music recognition
Authors: Garrido-Munoz Carlos , Rios-Vila Antonio , Calvo-Zaragoza Jorge 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA number of applications would benefit from neural approaches that are capable of generating graphs from images in an end-to-end fashion. One of these fields is optical music recognition (OMR), which focuses on the computational reading of music notation from document images. Given that music notation can be expressed as a graph, the aforementioned approach represents a promising solution for OMR. In this work, we propose a new neural architecture that retrieves a certain representation of a graph—identified by a specific order of its vertices—in an end-to-end manner. This architecture works by means of a double output: It sequentially predicts the possible categories of the vertices, along with the edges between each of their pairs. The experiments carried out prove the effectiveness of our proposal as regards retrieving graph structures from excerpts of handwritten musical notation. Our results also show that certain design decisions, such as the choice of graph representations, play a fundamental role in the performance of this approach.
On the equivalence of two post-quantum cryptographic families
Authors: Meneghetti Alessio , Pellegrini Alex , Sala Massimiliano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe maximum likelihood decoding problem (MLD) is known to be NP-hard and its complexity is strictly related to the security of some post-quantum cryptosystems, that is, the so-called code-based primitives. Analogously, the multivariate quadratic system problem (MQ) is NP-hard and its complexity is necessary for the security of the so-called multivariate-based primitives. In this paper we present a closed formula for a polynomial-time reduction from any instance of MLD to an instance of MQ, and viceversa. We also show a polynomial-time isomorphism between MQ and MLD, thus demonstrating the direct link between the two post-quantum cryptographic families.
Bayesian GARCH modeling of functional sports data
Authors: Dolmeta Patric , Argiento Raffaele , Montagna Silvia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe use of statistical methods in sport analytics has gained a rapidly growing interest over the last decade, and nowadays is common practice. In particular, the interest in understanding and predicting an athlete’s performance throughout his/her career is motivated by the need to evaluate the efficacy of training programs, anticipate fatigue to prevent injuries and detect unexpected of disproportionate increases in performance that might be indicative of doping. Moreover, fast evolving data gathering technologies require up to date modelling techniques that adapt to the distinctive features of sports data. In this work, we propose a hierarchical Bayesian model for describing and predicting the evolution of performance over time for shot put athletes. We rely both on a smooth functional contribution and on a linear mixed effect model with heteroskedastic errors to represent the athlete-specific trajectories. The resulting model provides an accurate description of the performance trajectories and helps specifying both the intra- and inter-seasonal variability of measurements. Further, the model allows for the prediction of athletes’ performance in future sport seasons. We apply our model to an extensive real world data set on performance data of professional shot put athletes recorded at elite competitions.
Auswirkungen eines CO2-Grenzausgleichs auf nachgelagerte Industrien
Authors: Wolf André 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article analyses the cost implications of an EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) for downstream industries in Germany. The restriction to a few basic industries as envisaged in the EU Commission’s proposal is expected to lead to only a slight increase in input costs for downstream manufacturers. This also holds if the CO2 intensities occurring in the countries of origin are used to determine the level of the border adjustment. One reason for this, apart from the restriction to a few basic materials and to direct emissions, is the small share of imports from third countries. To strengthen the steering effect of a CBAM, the inclusion of emissions at upstream production levels therefore seems manageable, to the extent that they apply to intermediate inputs that are also subject to the EU-ETS. In the long term, a CBAM should not be thought of as an end in itself, but as one of several steps towards an international climate club.
Der Arbeitsmarkt erlebt derzeit eine Zeitenwende
Authors: Geis-Thöne Wido 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIncreasing labour shortages are mainly due to demographic developments — specifically the baby boom in Germany, with a strong peak in the early 1960s. Despite strong immigration in recent years, the ratio of 20–24 year-olds to 60–64 year-olds was only 75 to 100 in 2021, and if younger cohorts are taken into account, it was even less favourable. This demographic gap can only be closed by migration. However, the workers coming into the country should have qualifications that are compatible with the German labour market, which severely limits the group of potential immigrants. Therefore, previously inactive population groups must also be attracted to gainful employment and automation must be promoted.
Zu wenig qualifizierte Arbeitskräfte für praktische Tätigkeiten
Authors: Brenke Karl 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAll western countries are faced with the problem of a low birth rate and an increasingly aging population. The burden of old age requires accelerated productivity growth. Productivity growth is declining, however. In Germany, it has come to a standstill. At the same time, there is an increasing academisation of the labour force. There are several reasons for this paradox: sectoral change or bureaucratisation. A shortage of qualified blue collar workers is also a contributing factor.
On Simple Transitive 2-representations of Bimodules over the Dual Numbers
Authors: Jonsson Helena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study the problem of classification of simple transitive 2-representations for the (non-finitary) 2-category of bimodules over the dual numbers. We show that simple transitive 2-representations with finitary apex are necessarily of rank 1 or 2, and those of rank 2 are exactly the cell 2-representations. For 2-representations of rank 1, we show that they cannot be constructed using the approach of (co)algebra 1-morphisms. We also propose an alternative definition of (co-)Duflo 1-morphisms for finitary 2-categories and describe them in the case of bimodules over the dual numbers.
Fbxo22 inhibits metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer through ubiquitin modification of KDM5A and regulation of H3K4me3 demethylation
Authors: Li Siqiaozhi , He Jinsong , Liao Xin , He Yixuan , Chen Rui , Chen Junhui , Hu Sean , Sun Jia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The importance of Fbxo22 in carcinogenesis has been highly documented. Here, we discussed downstream regulatory factors of Fbxo22 in TNBC. RNA-sequencing was conducted for identifying differentially expressed genes, followed by construction of a regulatory network. Expression patterns of Fbxo22/KDM5A in TNBC were determined by their correlation with the prognosis analyzed. Then, regulation mechanisms between Fbxo22 and KDM5A as well as between KDM5A and H3K4me3 were assayed. After silencing and overexpression experiments, the significance of Fbxo22 in repressing tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo was explored. Fbxo22 was poorly expressed, while KDM5A was highly expressed in TNBC. Patients with elevated Fbxo22, decreased KDM5A, or higher p16 had long overall survival. Fbxo22 reduced the levels of KDM5A by ubiquitination. KDM5A promoted histone H3K4me3 demethylation to downregulate p16 expression. Fbxo22 reduced KDM5A expression to enhance p16, thus inducing DNA damage as well as reducing tumorigenesis and metastasis in TNBC. Our study validated FBXO22 as a tumor suppressor in TNBC through ubiquitination of KDM5A and regulation of p16.
Mapping Poverty in Gotham: Visualizing New York City’s Almshouse Ledgers from 1822 to 1835
Authors: Fennelly Katherine 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper maps and spatializes the Almshouse Ledger records for the children of unmarried parents in New York City in the 1820 and 1830s. Mapping the distribution of poverty and the provision of forms of welfare in the city, this paper illustrates specific areas of the city which were attracting the very poor as early as the second decade of the nineteenth century. This paper argues that migrants from countries with similar welfare systems to those established in New York may be overrepresented in the record due to familiarity with the system. This interdisciplinary paper combines archaeological approaches to GIS with archival research to illustrate the distribution of welfare provision.