bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical expression and evaluation of cyclin D1 and minichromosome maintenance 2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma
Authors: Menaka T. R. , Ravikumar S. Shamala , Dhivya K. , Thilagavathi N. , Dinakaran J. , Kalaichelvan Vinoth 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The study of cell proliferation is important for assessing the tumor behavior, prognosis and patient survival of oral carcinomas. As literature search did not reveal sufficient studies of immunohistochemical expression of cyclin D1 and minichromosome maintenance 2 (MCM2) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and verrucous carcinoma (VC), the present study was undertaken.

Materials and Methods:
The study group included 20 cases of histopathologically diagnosed OSCC, 10 cases of VC and 10 cases of normal mucosa (NM). All samples were evaluated for the expression of cyclin D1 and MCM2 using standard Immunohistochemistry (IHC) procedure.
The present study involved both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Qualitative analysis was done by evaluation of intensity and area of staining. Quantitative analysis was done by calculating the percentage of positively stained cells and assessing the labeling index (LI). Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS statistical package (version 23.0).

Results:
On evaluating and comparing the intensity of staining and area of staining of cyclin D1 and MCM2 between the study groups, statistically significant values (P < 0.05) were obtained using Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA. Comparison of LI of cyclin D1 and MCM2 in NM, OSCC and VC statistically significant results (P < 0.05) was obtained using Mann–Whitney U-test. Mean LI of MCM2 was found to be significantly higher than mean LI of cyclin D1 in all the study groups.

Conclusion:
From the present study, we conclude that MCM2 has the potential to serve as a novel cell proliferation biomarker in OSCC and VC when compared to cyclin D1.
Evaluation and comparison of the efficacy of coconut oil as a clearing agent with xylene
Authors: Bordoloi Bharadwaj , Jaiswal Rohit , Tandon Aanchal , Jayaswal Amrita , Srivastava Abhinav , Gogoi Nandita 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Xylene is a routinely used clearing agent in histopathology. It is potentially toxic and flammable in nature. Histotechnicians are routinely exposed to this hazardous chemical. Because xylene is used so pervasively in histopathology, it has always been a concern for pathologists and laboratory workers, as its regular and prolonged exposure have serious health effects. Considering its toxicity, different biocompatible xylene substitutes have been evaluated.

Aim and Objective(s):
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of coconut oil as a clearing agent and compare with xylene.

Materials and Methods:
Two equal halves of 45 soft-tissue specimens were processed simultaneously in xylene and coconut oil as clearing agents. The xylene-treated specimens and coconut oil-treated specimens were checked for gross and histological features, and a comparison was done between the two groups.

Results:
Significant shrinkage was noted in xylene-treated specimens compared to that in coconut oil-treated specimens. No difference was found in either of the sections when checked for staining quality, overall morphological features and cellular details.

Conclusion:
It may be substituted for xylene without loss of information.
The Effect of Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation on Brain 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Metabolic Imaging Era
Authors: Goksel Sibel , Rakici Sema Yilmaz 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) increases survival in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Although the underlying pathophysiology is not fully understood, it has been associated with posttreatment neurocognitive impairment. Our study aims to show the brain's glucose metabolism change after PCI with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 17 patients who underwent PET/CT before and after PCI were evaluated retrospectively. 18F-FDG PET images of the brain before and after PCI were compared visually and semi-quantitatively using MI-Neurology Software. The brain was automatically segmented into eleven regions by this software. The mean standard uptake values (SUVmean) of all brain regions were measured within the automatically drawn region of interest area, and standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) values were found for each region by taking the brainstem SUVmean value as a reference. SUVR values were calculated from PET/CT scannings taken before and after PCI for each patient. The P < 0.05 value was considered statistically significant in comparisons.

Results:
We found a significant decrease in 18F-FDG uptake and glucose metabolism of the brain after PCI when compared with PET/CT before PCI in all brain regions identified according to the Combined-AAL atlas (all P < 0.001). Similarly, a significant decrease was found in brain 18F-FDG uptake on PET/CT taken after PCI in the brainstem used to calculate SUVR (P = 0.039).

Conclusion:
18F-FDG PET/CT neuroimaging may be a new metabolic imaging technique for diagnosing radiation-induced cognitive impairment in the metabolic imaging era.
Basal Cell Carcinoma and Its Burden on Sudanese Patients
Authors: Ali Safi Eldin E. , El Khatim Hamadnalla Sir , Elnur Shiraz , Asiri Saad M. , Billal Sami Fetehi Abdalla 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent malignant tumor in dermatology. The burden of advanced BCC is not fully understood and was not well studied in Sudan.

Objective:
The objectives of this work were to study the BCC disease characteristics, burden, and morbidity on a group of Sudanese patients.

Patients and Methods:
This is a retrospective, hospital-based study of patients' records presented to the Military Dermatology Hospital and diagnosed with BCC. The study period was 2012–2017.

Results:
Our team identified a total number of 27 patients to have BCC. 15 (55.6%) were males and 12 (44.4%) were females. The mean age was 54 years (with a range of 26–75 years). The site of the location of the lesions was mostly the face in 22 (81.5%), face and extremities in 4 (14.8%) patients, and in only one (3.7%) patient, it was on the abdomen. The face distribution includes the forehead (14.5%), periocular (18.5%), nose (18.5%), nose, mouth, and cheek (7.4%). The clinical presentation of the lesions includes pigmentation (70.4%), ulcers (63%), plaques (55.6%), nodules (40.7%), scars (11.1%), and deformity associated with advanced BCC in (48.2%) of the patients. The associated comorbidities were (11.1%), albinism (11.1%), and basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS) (3.7%). Concerning the outcome and prognosis, 11 (40.7%) had a good prognosis and 16 (59.3%) had a bad prognosis.

Conclusions:
BCC has similar epidemiological and clinical presentation as many international studies with younger age incidence. Delay presentation results in local disease advancement and increases severity and burden. This bad burden could be attributed to inadequate health facilities.
Grammatische Textanalyse. Textglieder, Satzglieder, Wortgruppenglieder
Authors: Bračič Stojan 
Published: March 2022

Die zu besprechende Grammatik von Vilmos Ágel ist ein sehr umfangreiches Werk (941 Seiten). Es handelt sich um eine theoretisch konzipierte wissenschaftliche Grammatik, die nur bedingt etwa auch zu didaktischen Zwecken benutzt werden könnte. Der Vorteil dieser Grammatik ist auf der anderen Seite darin zu sehen, dass sie mit ihren detaillierten Darstellungen grammatischer Fragen der deutschen Sprache zum kritischen Nachdenken über traditionell interiorisiertes grammatisches Wissen anregt. Es ist eine Textgrammatik, welche die grammatischen Relationen nicht von unten nach oben (vom Wort über das Satzglied bis hin zum Text, also traditionell bottom-up), sondern von oben nach unten, also beginnend beim Text in der top-down-Perspektive, angeht.
Feasibility, acceptability and needs in telemedicine for palliative care
Authors: Ebneter Andreas S.  , Sauter Thomas C.  , Christen Andri , Eychmueller Steffen 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Telemedicine in palliative care was initially developed in countries where geography or resources limit access to care services. Recently, largely owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, this technology is being increasingly used in highly urbanised countries such as Switzerland. However, there is still scepticism regarding whether these tools can be used effectively in palliative care, a relationship-based speciality that is generally highly dependent on compassion, communication and direct human interaction. The objective of this review was to analyse the needs, elements of feasibility, and reasons for acceptance or possible barriers before the implementation of a telemedicine intervention in Switzerland.
METHODS: The method used was a scoping review, following the PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines. We searched the PubMed, Ovid SP, Medline, Cochrane and Scopus databases for relevant reports. Charting and analyses of the data were done by a single researcher. A total of 520 records were screened and assessed for eligibility. Finally, 27 studies and 4 registry entries were included. Main reasons for exclusion were wrong population and intervention.
RESULTS: The prevailing study type was the single-arm intervention study. Most studies originated from countries with geographic barriers to access. Feasibility was good in 69% of all studies. Good acceptability (84.1–100%) was confirmed in the majority of the studies. The needs of the patients or the healthcare professionals were directly addressed in only five (16%) studies. Three needs were consistently reported: communication, coordination and technical reliability
CONCLUSION: Despite a broad range of studies on telemedicine in palliative care, patients’ needs are rarely addressed. Therefore, especially in countries such as Switzerland, a needs assessment is recommended before the implementation of a new telemedicine intervention, to guarantee high feasibility and acceptability.
Developing Model and Psychological Competencies Scale of 100 Meter Runner Student Athletes
Authors: Widohardhono Rachman , Nurhasan Nurhasan , Mintarto Edy , Jannah Miftakhul 
Published: March 2022

The main aim of research is to develop model and instrument psychological competencies scale (PCS) of 100 Meter Student Athletes. This research use a mixed methods approach. 1st Study, used a qualitative approach, identifying the constructs and dimensions of elite 100 meter runner student athletes. Using literature review and interview of 2 elite athletes and 2 coaches. The results of the first study is psychological competencies model consists of goal setting, goal setting, motivation, concentration, emotion regulation, focus, self talk, self confidence, and persistence. Another result is 10 items of multidimentional measure of PCS. Each items in the scale were responded on five point level. Leveling describes psychological abilities based on behavior. 2nd Study, using a quantitative approach, instrument validation and reliability testing. We recruited 50, age 18-22 years from 100 meters runner student athletes voluntarily participated in this study. We assessed construct validity by examining how well the measures discriminated groups expected to differ based on their competencies, using Corrected Item-Total Correlation with a minimum limit of 0.300 to be declared a valid item. We assessed internal consistency of PCS using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient. The result of Corrected Item-Total Correlation obtained results All items are valid because they have a Corrected Item-Total Correlation value greater than the minimum limit of 0.300. The internal consistency of the (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient) was 0.841. It can be concluded that PCS is valid and reliable for measuring for 100 meter runner student athlete.
Professional Commitment in Terms of Gender and Tenure of Vocational High School Teachers
Authors: Umi Anugerah Izzati  , Nurchayati Nurchayati , Yuri Lolita  , Olievia Prabandini Mulyana  
Published: March 2022

To perform effectively, teachers must have a strong professional commitment. This quantitative and comparative study examines how gender and tenure can contribute to differences in professional commitment. Subjects who participated in this study amounted to 89 people consisting of 33 female teachers and 56 male teachers at Vocational High School in Surabaya and number of teachers who have tenure more than 10 years is 22 people, while 44 people with 1-2 tenure, 23 people with 3-10 tenure. Using SPSS 25.0 for Windows, two-way ANOVA revealed no statistically significant difference in professional commitment between male and female teachers (significance level 0.097 with p > 0.05). We also found that tenure had a statistically significant effect on professional commitment (significance level 0.013 with p < 0.05). This study shows that teachers with longer tenures exhibit greater levels of professional commitment.
Bilateral Gouty Arthritis Developing After Covid-19 Infection: A Case Report
Authors: AKYÖN Şeyma Handan , TURAN GÖKÇE Dilara 
Published: March 2022

Introduction and Purpose: SARS-CoV-2 virus started in Wuhan, China in 2019 and caused the COVID-19 pandemic by affecting the whole world in a short time. Arthralgia is one of the symptoms that can be seen after Covid-19 infection and can be seen in 14.9% of the cases. However, data on rheumatic and inflammatory symptoms such as arthritis are scarce. Viral infections are known causes of acute arthralgia and arthritis. In the literature, there are many examples of reactive arthritis cases developing after Covid-19 infection. Gouty arthritis is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis. Acute gouty arthritis most often affects the first metatarsophalangeal joint in the foot.
Case Presentation: A 76-year-old male patient with chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and a history of coronary artery bypass using both leg saphenous 12 years ago was admitted to the emergency service with chest pain and increasing fatigue. Since the Covid-19 PCR result was positive, he was hospitalized for further examination and treatment. On the 14th day of hospitalization, the patient complained about pain around both big toes that started suddenly at night and worsened in the morning. In the patient's history, he stated that he had completely similar complaints several times with an interval of one year in the last 3 years and he recovered spontaneously in 10-15 days.
Discussion and Conclusion: Although developing gouty arthritis etiology is not clear for our patient in this case, it is thought to be a secondary condition due to the development of the disease after Covid-19 infection. It was considered that our patient has bilateral gouty arthritis triggered primarily by COVID-19. Due to the limited number of studies, more case reports should be added to the literature on this subject.
Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase inhibition of Pyrrosia longifolia extracts
Authors: Khodijah Rohimatul , Teruna Hilwan Yuda , Hendra Rudi 
Published: March 2022

Background: Pyrrosia longifolia is a fern species belonging to the Polypodiaceae family. Three Pyrrosia species, P. lingua, P. sheareri, and P. petiolosa, are included in the Chinese Pharmacopeia as sources of traditional medicine for ailments such as for patients with diabetes mellitus. Objectives: This study examined the inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase in different P. longifolia extracts, as well as their antioxidant activity and toxicity levels. Methods: This species was extracted via maceration in methanol and partitioning according to polarity levels (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and water). Antioxidant activity was measured by scavenging free radicals against the DPPH radical, antidiabetic activity was determined using an in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory test, and toxicity was determined using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Results: Antioxidant activity using radical DPPH showed ethyl acetate extract had the highest inhibitory activity with IC50 28.22 ppm and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity showed that all the extracts showed very weak activity at concentrations of 500 ppm. Additional toxicity analysis revealed that none of the extracts was harmful to Artemia salina. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that this species has strong antioxidant activity, and that additional analysis is required. It also identifies the chemicals that are responsible for the antioxidant activity.
The effect of astaxanthin gel and zeaxanthin combination on wound healing in diabetic rats
Authors: Nurdianti Lusi , Rosyidi Renaldi Eka Mufti , Idacahyati Keni , Setiawan Fajar 
Published: March 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by uncontrolled increases in glucose levels in the blood due to a decrease in insulin function. Diabetic ulcers are complications that can arise from diabetes mellitus because of peripheral artery disease or complications in neuropathy. Astaxanthin and zeaxanthin are natural carotenoids and contain tremendously powerful antioxidants, they were combined with the goal of generating greater synergistic effects as natural antioxidants. Objectives: To determine the effect of the combination of astaxanthin and zeaxanthin (2%:5% b/v) on the gel characteristics and to identify the effectiveness of gel preparations in healing diabetic ulcers in rats. Methods: The effectiveness of the gel preparation combination was determined by using male rats administered with variations in concentrations of astaxanthin and zeaxanthin. Results: The test results of the effectiveness of gels in healing diabetic ulcers presented that all formulas were significantly effective with average scores of 62.67% for formula 1, 50% for formula 2 and 57.25% for formula 3. The formula that possesses the best average value is formula 1, with a wound healing length of nine days, followed by formula 2 and 3 with wound healing lengths of 11 days. Conclusion: The gel formulation of the astaxanthin and zeaxanthin combination was successfully developed and resulted in an effective preparation evaluation and the potential for diabetic ulcer healing in a test model of male Wistar rats.
Drug therapy for COVID-19 inpatients in West Nusa Tenggara hospital
Authors: Andanalusia Mahacita , Akbar Shah Iqbal Ikraman , Pradiningsih Anna 
Published: March 2022

Background: COVID-19 represents an unprecedented challenge to the world. Various attempts have been made to overcome COVID-19, including employing multiple drug therapies.
Objective: This study was conducted to describe the drug therapy of COVID-19 inpatients at the West Nusa Tenggara Hospital in 2020.
Methods: Observation of 102 patients was conducted retrospectively. Data collection was performed by analysing medical records.
Results: A total of 62 out of the 102 patients (60.8%) were hospitalised more than four weeks. 57 patients (55.9%) received antivirus therapy with Oseltamivir and 47 patients (46.1%) recieved azithromycin as adjuvant antibiotic therapy. Most of the patients (63.7%) received vitamin C as an immunomodulator. A small number of patients received other supportive therapies recommended to decrease the symptoms of COVID-19. The most frequent administered therapies for COVID-19 patients hospitalised at the West Nusa Tenggara Hospital are antivirals, antibiotics, and immunomodulatory.
Conclusion: The findings provide an overview of therapy use for COVID-19 inpatients in West Nusa Tenggara Hospital. There is a need to assess the effectiveness of the therapy to promote safe and effective use of drugs for COVID-19 patients in the future.
An exploratory study of pharmacists' views on the development of a professional recognition system in Indonesia
Authors: Meilianti Sherly , Smith Felicity , Himawan Roy , Kristianto Franciscus , Naya Rasta , Bates Ian 
Published: March 2022

Background: A professional recognition system is defined as a quality assured process that recognises an individual's achievement of the completion of knowledge and skills in a particular area or stage of practice. There is an increased interest in professional recognition system development worldwide.
Objective: This study aims to explore perceptions from practising pharmacists regarding their interests, perceived benefits and methods of the professional recognition system.
Methods: Forty-three pharmacists participated in interviews or group discussions. The topic guide includes questions on (1) pharmacists interest, (2) the perceived benefits, and (3) the method of implementing the professional recognition system. The transcriptions were analysed thematically.
Results: Participants showed an interest in developing a professional recognition system in Indonesia. A system where pharmacists could be recognised socially and financially would motivate pharmacists to advance in their practice. This system would increase the recognition of pharmacists to other health professionals and to society. A combination of several methods was recommended in order to support a credible and transparent system, for example, through a combination of peer review and portfolio.
Conclusion: In general, the professional recognition system was perceived to be beneficial for pharmacists, other stakeholders, society and the profession. A national transparent, credible and flexible method that is adaptable to the workplace is recommended.
Regulatory compliance of skincare product advertisements on Instagram
Authors: Rachmawati Sinta , Amalia Afriza , Rachmawati Ema 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Significant progress has been shown in the selling of cosmetic products. The number of companies working in this industry increased from 153 in 2017 to 760 in 2018. The National Agency of Drug and Food Control (NA-DFC) of Indonesia (BPOM) is authorised to supervise circulating cosmetic products, including cosmetic advertisements. BPOM issues regulations on Technical Guidelines for Supervision of Cosmetic Ads which are updated regularly. Skincare products are the type of cosmetics that are advertised on social media. Instagram is one of the most widely used social media platforms for the advertisement of skincare products in Indonesia
Objectives: To determine the regulatory compliance of skincare product advertisements on Instagram.
Method: The study was conducted by collecting data online via Instagram from 30 November to 6 December 2020. All advertisements of skincare products that were found in the most popular search menus and that were uploaded in 2020 were used. A checklist of regulatory compliance based on recent regulation was made as an instrument of study.
Result: There were 135 samples of skincare product advertisements. They consisted of cleansing (58 products), moisturiser (66 products), sun protector (five products), and peeling (five products). The average regulatory compliance was 91.44%.
Conclusion: The regulatory compliance of skincare product advertisements is close to 100%. However, some points of assessment need improvement.