bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How native and exotic Brazilian fruits affect the profile of organic acids and the yeast performance during the mead fermentation process?
Authors: da Silva Monteiro Wanderley Bruna Rafaela , da Silva Haas Isabel Cristina , Biluca Fabíola Carina , Brugnerotto Patricia , de Sena Aquino Ana Carolina Moura , Oliveira Costa Ana Carolina , de Mello Castanho Amboni Renata Dias , Fritzen‐Freire Carlise Beddin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundA preliminary investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of the addition of pulps of feijoa, uvaia, and blackberry on the aliphatic organic acids (AOA) profile and on the yeast activity during the fermentation of meads.ResultsA multivariate analysis showed a clear distinction between the samples. The addition of pulps promoted a noticeable increase in malic, lactic, and succinic acids throughout fermentation. Furthermore, these additions resulted in beverages with lower levels of acetic acid. Gluconic acid was predominant in all samples. The mead containing feijoa showed high levels of citric acid. The meads containing blackberry and uvaia reached maximum yeast activity in the first 3 days of fermentation while the control sample and the mead with feijoa showed their highest activity after 7 days.ConclusionThe use of the feijoa, uvaia, and blackberry in mead can represent a good natural source of AOA, thereby improving its fermentative process, besides being an alternative for the valuation of underexploited species of Brazilian fruits.
Pre‐processing treatments improved the physicochemical properties of Bambara groundnut flours and preference of formulated cake
Authors: Isah Shehu , Akanbi Taiwo O. , Aryee Alberta N. A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDDemand is growing among consumers for plant‐based products which offer similar formulation options and full sensory experience. The suitability of Bambara groundnut (BG) flours (soaked/wet‐milled, unsieved/dry‐milled sieved and) as an alternative to wheat flour in cake formulations were evaluated and characterized by their physicochemical, textural, microscopic, and sensory properties.RESULTSThe protein and fiber content of the flours ranged between 19.1% and 20.8% and 3.67% and 6.63%, respectively. Texture expressed as hardness decreased with pretreatment by a factor of 15% in all samples and particle size distribution was reduced by a factor of 22%. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis confirmed the reduction of particle size when BG flours were used in cake formulations. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‐AES) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray elemental analysis showed micro‐, macro‐, and trace elements, including P, S, K, Na, Mo, Mg, Cr, Fe, Br and Ni in BG flours and cake. Sensory analysis showed better texture, mouthfeel, taste, general appearance, and overall acceptability score for cake formulated with soaked BG flour.CONCLUSIONMinimal pretreatment may improve the profile and diversify the application of underutilized crops such as BG.
Improvement of sleep by resistant dextrin prebiotic in type 2 diabetic women coincides with attenuation of metabolic endotoxemia: involvement of gut–brain axis
Authors: Saleh‐Ghadimi Sevda , Dehghan Parvin , Sarmadi Bahareh , Maleki Parham 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDResistant dextrin, as a prebiotic and functional food, may possess favorable effects in type 2 diabetes. This study was conducted to assess whether supplementation with resistant dextrin can improve sleep and quality of life in obese type 2 diabetic women.RESULTSIn this randomized controlled trial, female obese type 2 diabetic patients (n = 76) were randomly assigned into intervention group (n = 38) and placebo group (n = 38), and received 10 g day−1 of resistant dextrin or maltodextrin for a period of 8 weeks, respectively. Sleep quality and quality of life (QOL) were assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and SF‐36 health survey, respectively. Fasting blood samples were driven to measure serum bacterial endotoxin, fasting blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), pro‐inflammatory/anti‐inflammatory biomarkers (IL‐18, IL‐6, IL‐10, TNF‐α), and biomarkers of hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis function [tryptophan (TRP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), kynurenine (KYN), cortisol]. Supplementation with resistant dextrin improved sleep (P < 0.001) and QOL (P < 0.001) significantly. It also caused a significant decrease in levels of endotoxin, HbA1c, IL‐18, IL‐6, TNF‐α and a significant increase in IL‐10 levels. Significant and positive correlations were found between endotoxin (r = 0.488, P = 0.003), IL‐6 (r = 0.436, P = 0.008), IL‐18 (r = 0.475, P = 0.003), cortisol (r = 0.545, P = 0.048), KYN/TRP (r = 0.527, P = 0.001), and PSQI scores.CONCLUSIONSIt is concluded that resistant dextrin improves sleep and QOL in obese women with type 2 diabetes. Its beneficial effects may be attributed in part to modulation of glycemia, metabolic endotoxemia and subsequently a decrease in biomarkers of inflammation and HPA axis activity. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Do tapered tracheostomy cuffs improve translaryngeal gas flow when compared to barrel cuffed fenestrated tubes: A laboratory study
Authors: Borg Ulf , Bull Katie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe benefits of tracheostomy are well documented and include improved comfort and a reduction in sedative requirements that may facilitate more rapid ventilation weaning. A stable airway established with tracheostomy allows pulmonary toilet that may help in addressing aspiration. It is postulated that it may also increase translargyngeal airflow and allow phonation. We hypothesized that taper‐shaped cuffed tracheostomy tubes have less bulk upon cuff deflation, and on this basis, gas flow past the deflated tapered cuff is better than non‐tapered barrel cuffs and equal to gas flow in equivalent‐sized fenestrated versions.MethodsThis comparative bench study measured exhaled gas flow of Shiley™ Flexible taper‐cuffed tracheostomy and Fenestrated Shiley™ FEN tubes of equivalent sizes. Three sizes of Shiley™ tracheostomy tubes were used in printed 3D model tracheas, Jackson sizes 4, 6, and 10 (6.5, 7.5, and 10 mm ISO sizes). A standard ventilator provided tidal volumes to mechanical lungs. Because expiratory volume was the focus, the mechanical lungs exhaled through the model trachea and only the air exiting the model trachea, representing exhalation, was measured.ResultsAcross three sizes, the Shiley™ Flexible tracheostomy tube allowed significantly more translaryngeal airflow compared to the tracheostomy tube with fenestrations.ConclusionThis bench study showed significantly improved air flow past the cuff compared to fenestrated tubes. Improved airflow may help the phonation ability of patients. Clinical studies are required to elucidate use of this cuff design to allow phonation in patients with a tracheostomy.Level of evidence: NA.
A High Fat “Western‐style” Diet Induces AMD‐Like Features in Wildtype Mice
Authors: Keeling Eloise , Lynn Savannah A. , Koh Yen Min , Scott Jenny A. , Kendall Aaron , Gatherer Maureen , Page Anton , Cagampang Felino R. , Lotery Andrew J. , Ratnayaka J. Arjuna 
Published: March 2022

ScopeThe intake of a “Western‐style” diet rich in fats is linked with developing retinopathies including age‐related macular degeneration (AMD). Wildtype mice are given a high fat diet (HFD) to determine how unhealthy foods can bring about retinal degeneration.Methods and resultsFollowing weaning, female C57BL/6 mice are maintained on standard chow (7% kcal fat, n = 29) or a HFD (45% kcal fat, n = 27) for 12 months. Animals were sacrificed following electroretinography (ERG) and their eyes analyzed by histology, confocal immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy. HFD mice become obese, but showed normal retinal function compared to chow‐fed controls. However, diminished β3tubulin labeling of retinal cross‐sections indicated fewer/damaged neuronal processes in the inner plexiform layer. AMD‐linked proteins clusterin and TIMP3 accumulated in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Bruch's membrane (BrM). Neutral lipids also deposited in the outer retinae of HFD mice. Ultrastructural analysis revealed disorganized photoreceptor outer segments, collapsed/misaligned RPE microvilli, vacuoles, convoluted basolateral RPE infolds and BrM changes. Basal laminar‐like deposits were also present alongside abnormal choroidal endothelial cells.ConclusionsWe show that prolonged exposure to an unhealthy “Western‐style” diet alone can recapitulate early‐intermediate AMD‐like features in wildtype mice, highlighting the importance of diet and nutrition in the etiology of sight‐loss.
Rethinking the neighborhood information for deep learning‐based optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Jiang Zhe , Huang Zhiyu , You Yunfei , Geng Mufeng , Meng Xiangxi , Qiu Bin , Zhu Lei , Gao Mengdi , Wang Jing , Zhou Chuanqing , Ren Qiushi , Lu Yanye 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeOptical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a premium imaging modality for noninvasive microvasculature studies. Deep learning networks have achieved promising results in the OCTA reconstruction task, benefiting from their powerful modeling capability. However, two limitations exist in the current deep learning‐based OCTA reconstruction methods: (a) the angiogram information extraction is only limited to the locally consecutive B‐scans; and (b) all reconstruction models are confined to the 2D convolutional network architectures, lacking effective temporal modeling. As a result, the valuable neighborhood information and inherent temporal characteristics of OCTA are not fully utilized. In this paper, we designed a neighborhood information‐fused Pseudo‐3D U‐Net (NI‐P3D‐U) for OCTA reconstruction.MethodsThe proposed NI‐P3D‐U was investigated on an in vivo animal dataset by a cross‐validation strategy under both fully supervised learning and weakly supervised learning pipelines. To demonstrate the OCTA reconstruction capability of the proposed NI‐P3D‐U, we compared it with several state‐of‐the‐art methods.ResultsThe results showed that the proposed network outperformed the state‐of‐the‐art deep learning‐based OCTA algorithms in terms of visual quality and quantitative metrics, and demonstrated an effective generalization for different training strategies (fully supervised and weakly supervised) and imaging protocols. Meanwhile, the idea of neighborhood information fusion was also expanded to other network architectures, resulting in significant improvements.ConclusionsThese investigations indicate that the proposed network, which combines the neighborhood information strategy with temporal modeling architecture, is well capable of performing OCTA reconstruction, and has a certain potential for clinical applications.
Poly(ester imide)s with low coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) and low water absorption (VI): an attempt to reduce the modulus while maintaining low CTEs and other desired properties
Authors: Hasegawa Masatoshi , Hori Atsushi , Hosaka Chisato , Ishii Junichi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHere, a challenging target in the development of high‐temperature dielectric substrates was established: to significantly reduce the modulus of dielectric substrates while maintaining their low coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) and other desired properties, to suppress the spring‐back force, which is generated in folded flexible printed circuit boards. An ester‐linked tetracarboxylic dianhydride with an asymmetric and longitudinally extended structure (TA‐HPBAHQ) exhibited good polymerizability with various aromatic diamines and led to the formation of poly(ester imide) (PEsI) precursors with sufficiently high molecular weights. The thermally imidized TA‐HPBAHQ‐based PEsI films obtained using rigid diamines exhibited a very high glass transition temperature (Tg), ultralow CTE, suppressed water uptake and an extremely low coefficient of humidity (hygroscopic) expansion. In particular, the combination of TA‐HPBAHQ and m‐tolidine significantly lowered the modulus and improved the film ductility while maintaining a low CTE close to that of copper foil with other desired properties. In addition, a TA‐HPBAHQ analogue, TA‐HNAHQ, containing a 2,6‐naphthalene unit, was used. TA‐HNAHQ‐based PEsIs exhibited a further decreased modulus and other excellent properties similar to those of the TA‐HPBAHQ‐based systems except for the appearance of a β‐transition in certain cases, depending on the diamines used. Certain selected PEsIs exhibited an extremely low tan δ at 10 GHz and a relatively good or the highest rank of flame retardancy. Thus, certain PEsIs examined in this study are promising candidates as new dielectric substrates required to exhibit a low CTE, suppressed modulus and other target properties for use in next‐generation flexible printed circuit boards. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Polyurethane‐based polymer electrolyte for lithium ion batteries: a review
Authors: Misenan Muhammad Syukri Mohamad , Khiar Azwani Sofia Ahmad , Eren Tarık 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor the past decade, lithium ion batteries have dominated the high‐performance and mobile markets. Despite their domination in many sectors, the development of contemporary commercial lithium ion batteries is hampered by safety concerns such as leakage, burning and even explosions caused by organic liquid electrolytes with low boiling points. Polymer electrolytes are a promising option to solve or mitigate these issues. Polymer electrolytes have the advantages of low flammability, good flexibility, excellent thermal stability and high safety. Among others, polyurethane (PU) has attracted attention as a promising polymer electrolyte candidate for the future. The soft and hard segments of the polymeric chain given by polyols and isocyanates, respectively, give PU its characteristic multiphase structure. The PU's soft segment can operate as a polymeric solvent to solvate the cations, while the hard segment can be functionalized to retain a wider range of electrochemical stability, allowing the construction of polymer electrolytes in electrochemical devices. Numerous researchers have concentrated on developing high‐performance PU‐based polymer lithium ion batteries. Nonetheless, low lithium ion conductivity characteristics remain the most significant obstacles to its commercialization. In order to tackle the issues and improve the overall performance, both physical and chemical modifications are widely investigated to form a PU‐based polymer electrolyte. In the light of this work, this review discusses PU as a polymer host and the approaches to increase its ionic conductivity, including polymer blending, copolymerization, crosslinking, filler addition, plasticization, salt dopant addition as well as the integration of PUs into polymeric ionic liquids. In this review, previous work regarding PU‐based polymer electrolytes from 1988 to 2021 is discussed and summarized. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
A poly‐diagnostic study of the shield gas‐assisted atmospheric pressure plasma jet propagation upon a dielectric surface
Authors: Narimisa Mehrnoush , Onyshchenko Yuliia , Van Rooij Olivier , Morent Rino , Sobota Ana , De Geyter Nathalie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe significance of shield gases on atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) propagation over a horizontal dielectric surface using various diagnostic methods has been investigated. The obtained results imply that adding nitrogen as a shield gas only has an impact on the N2 reactive species generation, mainly close to the plasma effluent while argon shield gas can boost the optical emission intensity of all excited species, especially at distances further away from the plasma jet, which is in agreement with the observed length of the plasma propagation all over the surface. On the basis of the obtained results, the employment of a shield gas can improve the plasma jet efficiency to achieve the desired treatment effect on a flat surface.
Embodiment, tailoring, and trust are important for co‐construction of meaning in physiotherapy after stroke: A qualitative study
Authors: Sivertsen Marianne , De Jaegher Hanne , Arntzen Ellen Christin , Alstadhaug Karl Bjørnar , Normann Britt 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposePhysiotherapy, with an emphasis on high intensity, individually tailored, and person‐centered treatment, is an effective route for recovery after a stroke. No single approach, however, has been deemed paramount, and there is limited knowledge about the patient experience of assessment, goal‐setting, and treatment in physiotherapy. In this study, we seek to report patient experiences of I‐CoreDIST—a new physiotherapy intervention that targets recovery—and those of usual care. The purpose is to investigate how individuals with stroke experience the bodily and interactive course of physiotherapy during their recovery process.MethodsA qualitative study, nested within a randomized controlled trial, consisting of in‐depth interviews with 19 stroke survivors who received either I‐CoreDIST or usual care. Data were analyzed using systematic text condensation, and this analysis was informed by enactive theory.ResultsInteraction with the physiotherapist, which was guided by perceived bodily changes, fluctuated between being, on the one hand, formal/explicit and, on the other, tacit/implicit. The experiences of participants in the intervention group and the usual care group differed predominantly with regards to the content of therapy sessions and the means of measuring progress; divergences in levels of satisfaction with the treatment were less pronounced. The perception of positive bodily changes, as well as the tailoring of difficulty and intensity, were common and essential features in generating meaning and motivation. An embodied approach seemed to facilitate sense‐making in therapy situations. In the interaction between the participants and their physiotherapists, trust and engagement were important but also multifaceted, involving both interpersonal skills and professional expertise.ConclusionThe embodied nature of physiotherapy practice is a source for sense‐making and meaning‐construction for patients after a stroke. Trust in the physiotherapist, along with emotional support, is considered essential. Experiencing progress and individualizing approaches are decisive motivators.
Spray performance evaluation of a six‐rotor unmanned aerial vehicle sprayer for pesticide application using an orchard operation mode in apple orchards
Authors: Wang Changling , Liu Yang , Zhang Zhenhua , Han Leng , Li Yangfan , Zhang Hao , Wongsuk Supakorn , Li Yuanyuan , Wu Xuemin , He Xiongkui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the last decade, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sprayers have been growing rapidly worldwide as a new method for pesticide application, especially in Asian countries. More and more manufacturers and service providers are currently aiming at UAV spraying operation for fruit trees with higher economic value. We evaluated the spray performance of an electric six‐rotor UAV sprayer using an orchard operation mode (different application volumes and flight patterns) in a hilly apple orchard with small and sparse trees (SS) and a plain orchard with tall‐spindle trees (TS).RESULTSApplication volume (APV) had a significant influence on the spray coverage parameters in both orchards, while flight pattern, intra‐row, inter‐row and verti‐row, had a relatively limited influence at 60 0 and 85 7 L/ha. The UAV's downwash airflow produced a good spray penetration in the isolated SS trees, but not for the conjoined TS trees. It is better to fly along and above rows at 63.5 L/ha or higher for SS trees. The excessively low underside coverage is the main drawback of UAV orchard pesticide application and the underside droplet size was generally less than 200 μm.CONCLUSIONSpray performance is closely related to tree shape, planting pattern, UAV payload, application volume, spray droplet size and downwash airflow field. The results provide data support for the best operational practice development and the decision model for the application volume of UAV sprayer orchard operations. The underside spray performance requires further improvement by several effective measures. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Endotherapic treatment to control Toumeyella parvicornisCockerell infestations on Pinus pineaL
Authors: Di Sora Nicolò , Rossini Luca , Contarini Mario , Chiarot Enrico , Speranza Stefano 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe pine tortoise scale, Toumeyella parvicornis (Cockerell, 1897), is a damaging insect pest native to North America. Its accidental introduction into Europe, where it was first reported in central‐southern Italy, is leading to severe infestations among stone pine trees, Pinus pinea L. causing severe infestations and generating a major risk to the health and safety of the citizens as well. This preliminary study aimed at finding an effective low‐impact control strategy against Toumeyella parvicornis. We evaluated the effect of endotherapic abamectin injected into infested stone pines in the Parco Archeologico di Ostia Antica (Rome).RESULTSResults showed that endotherapic abamectin significantly reduced the pine tortoise adult female populations and had a persistence into plants of approximately 60 days. The first trace of abamectin on the plant's crown was detected 1 month after the treatment. Moreover, the survey highlighted a higher presence of the pest on the twigs of the plants than on needles.CONCLUSIONSThese findings offer an important tool in fighting the damaging activity of this phytophagous, especially in an urban context where interventions with treatments are strictly regulated by national laws. Endotherapy, in fact, would reduce the dispersion of active ingredients by drift, an aspect that could represent a valid alternative to manage plants in public areas. Given the actual lack of scientific information about other control solutions, abamectin endotherapic treatments would be the more effective strategy currently applicable. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Rheology, In Vitro Digestion and Functional Properties of Sagittaria sagittifolia L. Resistant Starch as Affected by Different Preparation Methods
Authors: Feng Yuqin , Juliet Igbokwe Chidimma , Qin Wei , Duan Yuqing , Gao Xingxing , Liu Qiaoling , Zhang Haihui , Ma Haile 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, the effects of different preparation methods on the rheology, in vitro digestion, and functional properties of Sagittaria sagittifolia L. resistant starch (ARS) are investigated. Compared with S. sagittifolia L. native starch (ANS), the ARS that is prepared by subcritical water (SW‐ARS), ultrasonic‐assisted subcritical water (USW‐ARS), autoclaving (AM‐ARS), and ultrasonic‐assisted autoclaving (UAM‐ARS) show higher dilatancy, light transmittance, water and oil retention, but lower solubility and in vitro digestibility. In addition, the differences between the storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) of ARS are significantly lower than that of ANS. Moreover, there is a cross phenomenon between G′ and G″ of ARS after ultrasonic pretreatment. Besides, the ability of ARS to reduce the pH value of fermentation broth is much lower than that of ANS, among which SW‐ARS is the weakest, USW‐ARS has the highest acetic acid and formic acid production during in vitro digestion fermentation. These results suggest that the ARS prepared by different methods is suitable for the developing of starch‐based material with excellent properties.