bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of physico-chemical properties of NiCo2O4 and corresponding individual metal oxides
Authors: Goel A , Garg A , Prasher S , Kumar R , Kumar M 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nano/micro-sized spinel mixed metal oxides with stoichiometry MxN3-xO4 have received great attention in the past decade because of their broad application prospects in energy storage devices. Among the various spinel mixed metal oxides, nickel cobaltite (NiCo2O4) is significantly researched due to its outstanding advantages including large specific surface area, high permeability, short electron and ion diffusion pathways, ease of synthesis and many more. Keeping these characteristics in mind, NiCo2O4 has been synthesized via a facile, quick and low-cost combustion method. Structural and morphological properties of as-synthesized NiCo2O4 were compared with the corresponding individual metal oxides viz. NiO and Co3O4 synthesized through the same method. Nano/micro-sized NiCo2O4, NiO and Co3O4 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. XRD confirmed face-centered cubic phase for the NiCo2O4 in which Ni occupies octahedral sites while Co is distributed in both octahedral and tetrahedral sites. FESEM revealed the cubic nanostructures of the oxides. The compositional ratio of 1:2 for Ni and Co was calculated from the EDS analysis for the NiCo2O4. A high degree of purity was also ascertained for NiCo2O4, NiO and Co3O4 by EDS analysis. Finger-print region (500-600 cm-1) FTIR peaks for all the synthesized materials confirmed the formation of the metal-oxygen (M-O) bonds.
Properties, applications, and synthesis of first transition series substituted cobalt ferrite: a mini review
Authors: Kalia S , Kumar A , Sharma S , Prasad N 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Spinel, orthoferrite, garnet, and hexagonal are the various forms of ferrites. They exhibit different properties due to their different molecular structures. Cobalt ferrite (CF) is a spinel ferrite. They show magnetic, dielectric, optical, catalytical, and antibacterial properties. The CF nanoparticles (NPs) are extensively used in various field e.g., electronics and telecommunication, environmental sciences, biomedical applications, and catalysis, to name but a few. These materials can be doped to modify their properties so that they can be used for desired applications. Several methods have been developed for the doping of these materials e.g., sol-gel, co-precipitation, hydrothermal heating, microwave hydrothermal heating, auto-combustion, ball milling, and microemulsion. Sol-gel method is widely used for this purpose as this does not require complex laboratory infrastructure and hence cost effective. Particles of narrow size distribution can also be synthesised under ambient or at lower temperatures. Here, the doping of CF-NPs with first transition series has been reviewed. The comparable ionic sizes of cobalt and iron, and ions of first transition series, help the process of doping. Doping of CF-NPs with first transition series changes their properties in several ways e.g., the size of crystals and Curie temperature can be altered by doping with scandium, titanium, and chromium. Values of coercivity and saturation magnetization can also be modified by doping this material with zinc, nickel, and copper. Anisotropy also changes when CF-NPs are doped with the above said elements. CF-NPs with altered properties have significant applications e.g., zinc-doped can be used for stress sensor applications.
An efficient numerical approach to simulate NPZ and SIR biological models with diffusion
Authors: Goel Rohit , Mittal R.C. , Ahlawat N. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The two mathematical models of Nitrogen, Phytoplankton and Zooplankton (NPZ) and whooping cough SIR model that concerns with the susceptible, infected and recovered cases of the population are considered in this paper. To incorporate with the unidimensional movements of the three species in each of the NPZ and SIR models, the models are considered with diffusion terms. A numerical scheme based on the collocation of cubic B-splines is proposed to estimate the solutions of the considered NPZ and SIR models. The numerical results obtained are compared and found in good agreement with those already available in the literature. Due to unavailability of the analytic solutions of these models, such a numerical scheme can be of prime interest for biologists to interpret the results theoretically.
Effect of CT number to relative electron density curves acquired at different tube voltage and current on radiotherapy dose calculation
Authors: Chand Bhagat , Priyamvda  , Kumar Muninder , Prasher Sangeeta , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) images contain information of relative electron density (RED) of tissues in terms of CT numbers and hence are utilized for tissue inhomogeneity corrections in radiotherapy dose calculations. The present study has determined the effect of tube voltage and current on CT number to RED calibration (CT sensitometry) curves. Catphan phantom containing materials of REDs from 0.001 to 1.868 has been scanned at tube voltage from 80 kV to 140 kV and tube current from 100 to 475 mA. CT numbers of all the materials except Teflon has been found to increase with tube voltage. Variations up to 80 HU has been observed with voltage. Variations with tube current were random. CT numbers changed by higher values at low voltage than at higher voltages. The radiation dose varied by less than 1 % for different curves used for dose calculation in 3DCRT, VMAT and SRT treatment plans of different anatomical sites. Dose differences decreased with increasing plan complexity. Changes in dose distributions near air cavities and bones have been observed. Variations of CT sensitometry has been found to be statistically significant, however, its dosimetric impact was statistically and clinically insignificant.
Aprotic and protic solvent for extraction of chlorophyll from various plants: Chemical characteristic and analysis
Authors: Chand Bhagat , Kumar Muninder , Prasher Sangeeta , Sharma Ajit , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The extraction efficiencies of acetone (80%), ethanol, DMSO, and DMF for chlorophyll extraction from mango, pine, spinach, and hibiscus have been compared. Acetone (80%) has yielded highest amount of chlorophyll-a (chl-a) from pine and ethanol has yielded highest amount of chlorophyll-b (chl-b) from mango leaves. The chl-a/b ratio ranges between 2.481 - 3.794, showing insignificant effect of solvent polarity. The UV - Vis absorption spectra has shown changes with solvent polarity with the polar protic solvent having a broad peak around 664 nm. There has been an insignificant effect of the solvent polarity on extraction of chlorophylls from the selected plants. The ANOVA results have shown a statistically significant difference in chlorophyll extraction efficiencies of different solvents. The absorbance values in the spectral region between 500 - 550 nm has been found to be less than 10 % of the absorbance at 664 nm, indicating tracer amounts of pheophytins and chlorophyll by-products in the solution.
Synthesis and characterization of copper complexes of phenylpiperazine ring-based ligands and evaluation of their antimicrobial, BSA binding, computational, and molecular docking studies
Authors: Kant Rishi , Saini Ritika , Kaur Manpreet , Karnwal Arun , Rather Hilal Ahmad , Maji Suman 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper describes the synthesise of copper complexes of phenylpiperazine ring-based ligands and characterization via physical and spectroscopic methods. Structure of complexes has been proposed on the basis of UV-vis, IR and Mass fragmentation pattern and additionally supported by electrochemical and thermogravimetric analysis. Low molar conductance value of metal complexes in water and DMSO suggest non-ionic nature of complexes which is in agreement of proposed structure. TGA curve, where loss of coordinated solvent molecules starts early followed by loss of ligand itself also support the proposed structures. Percentage ash content analysis also indicate that only one copper metal is binding to the ligands reported here. Antibacterial activity of metal complexes has been performed by agar well diffusion method and indicated these metal complexes possess higher activity than the corresponding ligands. Binding interaction of these complexes were studied with BSA protein by UV-vis spectroscopic methods and binding constant was calculated which indicated that the complexes are having moderate affinity. Some complexes were also geometrically optimized to lowest energy ground state by using DFT calculations. Docking study of these optimized structures with BSA protein revealed these metal complexes exhibit hydrophobic interaction owing to the aromatic bulk in the ligand.
Electronic and Band Structure calculation of Wurtzite CdS Using GGA and GGA+U functionals
Authors: Biswas Ankan , Meher S.R. , Kaushik Deepak K. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The wurtzite (wz) structure of CdS is analysed using density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and Hubbard correction (GGA+U). The total energy convergence evaluation is carried out concerning energy cut-off (ecutwfc) and k-point sampling. The geometry optimization of wz-CdS is calculated using the total energy and force minimization process, which is based on the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) optimization algorithm. Bulk modulus and lattice parameters are estimated to ensure accuracy of the calculations. The electronic band structure, density of states (DOS), and projected density of states (PDOS) of wz-CdS are analysed. The band structure calculation shows CdS as direct band gap semiconductor. The electronic correlation in CdS is altered by varying U-parameters of valence orbitals of Cd and S. The alteration of electronic correlation results in convergence of the band gap to the experimental value 2.4 eV. The alteration of U-parameter affects substantially the density of states near the band edges.
Impact of Bowel Urgency on Quality of Life and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Dubinsky Marla C , Panaccione Remo , Lewis James D , Sands Bruce E , Hibi Toshifumi , Lee Scott D , Naegeli April N , Shan Mingyang , Green Linden A , Morris Nathan , Arora Vipin , Bleakman Alison Potts , Belin Ruth , Travis Simon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Bowel urgency is commonly experienced by patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and is associated with reduced health-related quality of life (QoL). Mirikizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the p19 subunit of IL-23, significantly reduced bowel urgency in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 2 clinical trial in patients with moderate-to-severe UC (NCT02589665).

Methods
All patients (N = 249) reported symptoms including absence or presence of bowel urgency. Absence of urgency was defined as no urgency for the 3 consecutive days prior to each scheduled visit. Missing urgency data were imputed as present. After 12 weeks of induction treatment, patients who achieved clinical response continued maintenance mirikizumab treatment through Week 52. We assessed the relationship of urgency with QoL, clinical outcomes, and inflammatory biomarkers at Weeks 12 and 52.

Results
Patients with absence of urgency demonstrated significantly greater improvement in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) scores even after adjusting for rectal bleeding (RB) and stool frequency (SF), significantly higher rates of all clinical outcomes at Weeks 12 and 52, and a greater decrease in inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein and fecal calprotectin compared to those with presence of urgency. Absence of urgency at Week 12 was associated with improved IBDQ scores at Week 52, while Week 12 RB or SF status was not.

Conclusions
Absence of urgency is strongly associated with improvement in QoL as well as clinical measures of UC disease activity. These findings suggest urgency may be a useful surrogate marker of disease activity and an important treatment target for UC.
Ischaemic electrocardiogram patterns and its association with survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients without ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a COACT trials’ post-hoc subgroup analysis
Authors: Spoormans Eva M , Lemkes Jorrit S , Janssens Gladys N , Soultana Ouissal , van der Hoeven Nina W , Jewbali Lucia S D , Dubois Eric A , Meuwissen Martijn , Rijpstra Tom A , Bosker Hans A , Blans Michiel J , Bleeker Gabe B , Baak Remon , Vlachojannis Georgios J , Eikemans Bob J W , van der Harst Pim , van der Horst Iwan C C , Voskuil Michiel , van der Heijden Joris J , Beishuizen Albertus , Stoel Martin , Camaro Cyril , van der Hoeven Hans , Henriques José P , Vlaar Alexander P J , Vink Maarten A , van den Bogaard Bas , Heestermans Ton A C M , de Ruijter Wouter , Delnoij Thijs S R , Crijns Harry J G M , Oemrawsingh Pranobe V , Gosselink Marcel T M , Plomp Koos , Magro Michael , Elbers Paul W G , van de Ven Peter M , van Royen Niels 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aims
ST-depression and T-wave inversion are frequently present on the post-resuscitation electrocardiogram (ECG). However, the prognostic value of ischaemic ECG patterns is unknown.

Methods and results
In this post-hoc subgroup analysis of the Coronary Angiography after Cardiac arrest (COACT) trial, the first in-hospital post-resuscitation ECG in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with a shockable rhythm was analysed for ischaemic ECG patterns. Ischaemia was defined as ST-depression of ≥0.1 mV, T-wave inversion in ≥2 contiguous leads, or both. The primary endpoint was 90-day survival. Secondary endpoints were rate of acute unstable lesions, levels of serum troponin-T, and left ventricular function. Of the 510 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients, 340 (66.7%) patients had ischaemic ECG patterns. Patients with ischaemic ECG patterns had a worse 90-day survival compared with those without [hazard ratio 1.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–2.12; P = 0.02]. A higher sum of ST-depression was associated with lower survival (log-rank = 0.01). The rate of acute unstable lesions (14.5 vs. 15.8%; odds ratio 0.90; 95% CI 0.51–1.59) did not differ between the groups. In patients with ischaemic ECG patterns, maximum levels of serum troponin-T (μg/L) were higher [0.595 (interquartile range 0.243–1.430) vs. 0.359 (0.159–0.845); ratio of geometric means 1.58; 1.13–2.20] and left ventricular function (%) was worse (44.7 ± 12.5 vs. 49.9 ± 13.3; mean difference −5.13; 95% CI −8.84 to −1.42). Adjusted for age and time to return of spontaneous circulation, ischaemic ECG patterns were no longer associated with survival.

Conclusion
Post-arrest ischaemic ECG patterns were associated with worse 90-day survival. A higher sum of ST-depression was associated with lower survival. Adjusted for age and time to return of spontaneous circulation, ischaemic ECG patterns were no longer associated with survival.
Antithrombotic drug removal from whole blood using Haemoadsorption with a porous polymer bead sorbent
Authors: Tripathi Ritu , Morales Jesus , Lee Victoria , Gibson C Michael , Mack Michael J , Schneider David J , Douketis James , Sellke Frank W , Ohman Magnus E , Thourani Vinod H , Storey Robert F , Deliargyris Efthymios N 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aim
To evaluate the ability of the DrugSorb™-AntiThrombotic Removal (ATR) haemoadsorption device utilizing porous polymer bead sorbent technology to remove three commonly used antithrombotic drugs from whole blood.

Methods and results
We evaluated the removal of apixaban, rivaroxaban, and ticagrelor by the DrugSorb-ATR haemoadsorption device in a benchtop clinical scale model using bovine whole blood. Blood spiked at clinically relevant concentrations of an antithrombotic agent was continuously circulated through a 300-mL DrugSorb-ATR haemoadsorption device at a flow rate of 300 mL/min. Drug concentration was monitored over 6 h to evaluate drug removal. Results were compared with a control circuit without the haemoadsorption device. Removal rates at 30, 60, 120, and 360 minutes were: apixaban: 81.5%, 96.3%, 99.3% &gt;99.8%; rivaroxaban: 80.7%, 95.1%, 98.9%, &gt;99.5%; ticagrelor: 62.5%; 75%, 86.6%, &gt;95% (all P &lt;0.0001 vs. control). Blood pH and haematological parameters were not significantly affected by the DrugSorb-ATR haemoadsorption device when compared with the control circuit.

Conclusion
DrugSorb-ATR efficiently removes apixaban, rivaroxaban, and ticagrelor in a clinical-scale benchtop recirculation circuit with the bulk of removal occurring in the first 60 minutes. The clinical implications of these findings are currently investigated in patients undergoing on-pump cardiothoracic surgery in two US pivotal trials (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT04976530 and NCT05093504).
Clinically Interpretable Machine Learning Models for Early Prediction of Mortality in Older Patients with Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome: An International Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , DuMontier Clark , Hu Pan , Liu Chao , Yeung Wesley , Mao Zhi , Ho Vanda , Thoral Patrick J , Kuo Po-Chih , Hu Jie , Li Deyu , Cao Desen , Mark Roger G , Zhou FeiHu , Zhang Zhengbo , Celi Leo Anthony 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is associated with a high risk of mortality among older patients. Current severity scores are limited in their ability to assist clinicians with triage and management decisions. We aim to develop mortality prediction models for older patients with MODS admitted to the ICU.MethodsThe study analyzed older patients from 197 hospitals in the United States and 1 hospital in the Netherlands. The cohort was divided into the young-old (65–80 years) and old-old (≥80 years), which were separately used to develop and evaluate models including internal, external, and temporal validation. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, vital signs, laboratory measurements, and treatments were used as predictors. We used the XGBoost algorithm to train models, and the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method to interpret predictions.ResultsThirty-four thousand four hundred and ninety-seven young-old (11.3% mortality) and 21 330 old-old (15.7% mortality) patients were analyzed. Discrimination AUROC of internal validation models in 9 046 U.S. patients was as follows: 0.87 and 0.82, respectively; discrimination of external validation models in 1 905 EUR patients was as follows: 0.86 and 0.85, respectively; and discrimination of temporal validation models in 8 690 U.S. patients: 0.85 and 0.78, respectively. These models outperformed standard clinical scores like Sequential Organ Failure Assessment and Acute Physiology Score III. The Glasgow Coma Scale, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Code Status emerged as top predictors of mortality.ConclusionsOur models integrate data spanning physiologic and geriatric-relevant variables that outperform existing scores used in older adults with MODS, which represents a proof of concept of how machine learning can streamline data analysis for busy ICU clinicians to potentially optimize prognostication and decision making.
Locomotor Challenges of Waterfall-Climbing Gobies during Transitions between Media
Authors: Maie Takashi 
Published: June 2022

Synopsis
An amphidromous goby, Sicyopterus japonicus, migrates from the ocean to upstream regions of many streams and rivers in the Pacific coasts of Japan and Taiwan. Using its mouth and fused pelvic fins (pelvic sucker), this gobiid species exhibits a rock-climbing behavior and surmounts sizable waterfalls, which block the upstream movement of many of its competitors and predators. When gobies emerge from the water to commence their climbing behavior, the change in effective density (i.e., lack of buoyancy) that occurs in this transition substantially increases the force required for adhesion. Consequently, these fish must exert adhesive suction strong enough to support their body weight against gravity during climbing on the rock surface. Suction performance for adhesion and modulatory capacity of S. japonicus were evaluated with two different sets of experimental conditions: climbing on the vertical surface with no water flow versus climbing on a 60°-inclined surface with 2 L/min flow. Individuals of S. japonicus showed 50.7% greater mean safety factor (suction force for adhesion/gravitational force) and 56.6% shorter time to reach maximum pressure differential during climbing on the 60°-inclined surface with water rushing over their bodies than during climbing on the vertical surface with no water flow. These results indicate that when climbing with drag force from flowing water, greater functional demands are imposed and therefore, S. japonicus is required to increase neuromuscular stimulation of the pelvic muscles to elevate suction performance. In addition, S. japonicus individuals at different ontogenetic stages modulate their climbing behaviors and strategies to accommodate changing functional demands as they make transitions between different inclines, as well as media, while ascending waterfalls.
Model definition for genetic evaluation of purebred and crossbred lambs including heterosis
Authors: Vargas Jurado Napoleón , Notter David R , Taylor Joshua B , Brown Daniel J , Mousel Michelle R , Lewis Ronald M 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCrossbreeding is a common practice among commercial sheep producers to improve animal performance. However, genetic evaluation of U.S. sheep is performed within breed type (terminal sire, semi-prolific, and western range). While incorporating crossbred records may improve assessment of purebreds, it requires accounting for heterotic and breed effects in the evaluation. The objectives of this study were to: 1) describe the development of a paternal composite (PC) line, 2) determine the effect of direct and maternal heterosis on growth traits of crossbred lambs, 3) estimate (co)variance components for direct and maternal additive, and uncorrelated maternal environmental, effects, and 4) provide an interpretation of the estimates of random effects of genetic groups, and to use those solutions to compare the genetic merit of founding breed subpopulations. Data included purebred and crossbred records on birth weight (BN; n = 14,536), pre-weaning weight measured at 39 or 84 d (WN; n = 9,362) depending on year, weaning weight measured at 123 d (WW; n = 9,297), and post-weaning weight measured at 252 d (PW; n = 1,614). Mean (SD) body weights were 5.3 (1.1), 16.8 (3.9) and 28.0 (7.6), 39.1 (7.2), and 54.2 (8.7) kg for BN, WN (at the two ages), WW, and PW, respectively. In designed experiments, the Siremax, Suffolk, Texel, Polypay, Columbia, Rambouillet, and Targhee breeds were compared within the same environment. Estimates of heterotic effects and covariance components were obtained using a multiple trait animal model. Genetic effects based on founders’ breeds were significant and included in the model. Percent estimates of direct heterosis were 2.89 ± 0.61, 2.60 ± 0.65, 4.24 ± 0.56, and 6.09 ± 0.86, and estimates of maternal heterosis were 1.92 ± 0.87, 4.64 ± 0.80, 3.95 ± 0.66, and 4.04 ± 0.91, for BN, WN, WW, and PW, respectively. Correspondingly, direct heritability estimates were 0.17 ± 0.02, 0.13 ± 0.02, 0.17 ± 0.02, and 0.46 ± 0.04 for BN, WN, WW, and PW. Additive maternal effects accounted for trivial variation in PW. For BN, WN, and WW, respectively, maternal heritability estimates were 0.16 ± 0.02, 0.10 ± 0.02, and 0.07 ± 0.01. Uncorrelated maternal environmental effects accounted for little variation in any trait. Direct and maternal heterosis had considerable impact on growth traits, emphasizing the value of crossbreeding and the need to account for heterosis, in addition to breed effects, if crossbred lamb information is included in genetic evaluation.