bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The m6A methylation regulates gonadal sex differentiation in chicken embryo
Authors: Li Jianbo , Zhang Xiuan , Wang Xiqiong , Sun Congjiao , Zheng Jiangxia , Li Junying , Yi Guoqiang , Yang Ning 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
As a ubiquitous reversible epigenetic RNA modification, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays crucial regulatory roles in multiple biological pathways. However, its functional mechanisms in sex determination and differentiation during gonadal development of chicken embryos are not clear. Therefore, we established a transcriptome-wide m6A map in the female and male chicken left gonads of embryonic day 7 (E7) by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) to offer insight into the landscape of m6A methylation and investigate the post-transcriptional modification underlying gonadal differentiation.

Results
The chicken embryonic gonadal transcriptome was extensively methylated. We found 15,191 and 16,111 m6A peaks in the female and male left gonads, respectively, which were mainly enriched in the coding sequence (CDS) and stop codon. Among these m6A peaks, we identified that 1013 and 751 were hypermethylated in females and males, respectively. These differential peaks covered 281 and 327 genes, such as BMP2, SMAD2, SOX9 and CYP19A1, which were primarily associated with development, morphogenesis and sex differentiation by functional enrichment. Further analysis revealed that the m6A methylation level was positively correlated with gene expression abundance. Furthermore, we found that YTHDC2 could regulate the expression of sex-related genes, especially HEMGN and SOX9, in male mesonephros/gonad mingle cells, which was verified by in vitro experiments, suggesting a regulatory role of m6A methylation in chicken gonad differentiation.

Conclusions
This work provided a comprehensive m6A methylation profile of chicken embryonic gonads and revealed YTHDC2 as a key regulator responsible for sex differentiation. Our results contribute to a better understanding of epigenetic factors involved in chicken sex determination and differentiation and to promoting the future development of sex manipulation in poultry industry.
The effectiveness of a feminist-informed, individualised counselling intervention for the treatment of eating disorders: a case series study
Authors: Tone Jessica , Chelius Belinda , Miller Yvette D. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Currently, there is limited empirical validation of feminist-informed or individualised interventions for the treatment of eating disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a feminist-informed, individually delivered counselling intervention for the treatment of eating disorders at a community-based eating disorder treatment service.

Methods
Eighty individuals aged between 17 and 64 years presenting to an outpatient eating disorder service were examined in a case series design at baseline, session 10, session 20 and end of treatment (session 30). Changes in eating disorder symptomology, depression, anxiety, stress, and mental health recovery over the course of treatment were examined in linear mixed model analyses.

Results
The treatment intervention was effective in reducing eating disorder symptomology and stress and improving mental health recovery after 10 sessions in a sample of 80 eating disorder participants engaged with the treatment service. Reductions in eating disorder symptomology and stress and improvements to mental health recovery were maintained at session 20 and session 30.

Conclusions
The findings of this study provide preliminary support for feminist-informed and individualised interventions for the treatment of eating disorders in community-based settings.
The who and what of validation: an experimental examination of validation and invalidation of specific emotions and the moderating effect of emotion dysregulation
Authors: Kuo Janice R. , Fitzpatrick Skye , Ip Jennifer , Uliaszek Amanda 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundTheory and research indicate that validation is associated with reductions in negative emotions, whereas invalidation is associated with escalation of negative emotions. However, it remains unclear whether these effects are consistent across emotions, and/or moderated by an individual’s levels of emotion dysregulation. The present study experimentally examines the effects of validation and invalidation across emotions and as moderated by emotion dysregulation.MethodsOne hundred twenty-six participants completed a measure of emotion dysregulation, and then listened to a rejection-themed imagery script after which they reported the intensity of several emotions. Participants were then presented with either validating or invalidating feedback about their most intense self-reported emotion, depending on their counterbalancing order. They then repeated the procedure for the other condition. Self-reported negative emotions via continuous rating dial, heart rate (HR), and skin conductance level (SCL) were monitored throughout.ResultsHigher emotion dysregulation was associated with greater increases in self-reported positive emotion when shame or sadness was validated and lesser increases when fear was validated. There were no significant moderating effects of emotion dysregulation in response to invalidation for any emotion on any index.ConclusionsThe effects of validation appear emotion specific and dependent on levels of emotion dysregulation. These findings may help inform more strategic use of validation in psychotherapeutic interventions.
Influence of chemical and mineralogical soil properties on the adsorption of sulfamethoxazole and diclofenac in Mediterranean soils
Authors: De Mastro Francesco , Cacace Claudio , Traversa Andreina , Pallara Mauro , Cocozza Claudio , Mottola Francesca , Brunetti Gennaro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The irrigation with treated wastewaters can be a way for the introduction of organic contaminants in soils. However, their adsorption onto soils can allow a control of their bioavailability and leaching. The adsorption is influenced by properties of contaminants (water solubility, chemical structure) and soils (organic matter content, pH, mineralogy). This study aimed to investigate the effect of mineralogical composition, organic matter content and others parameters of soils on the adsorption of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and diclofenac (DCF), two contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs), in real cases (Altamura, Sibari and Noci soils).

Results
The isotherms data showed that the adsorption of the two CECs closely matched the Freundlich model, even if the DCF could also fit the linear one. The only exception was the adsorption of SMX on the soil of Sibari, for which Langmuir's model fitted better. In all cases, the Kd values were the highest for Altamura soil according mainly to its content of organic carbon. Positive correlations were found between Kd value of DCF and the soil organic carbon and Al oxyhydroxides content, suggesting their roles in its adsorption, while SMX showed only a slight positive correlation with the soil organic carbon content. Finally, between the two CECs studied, DCF was more adsorbed than SMX also because of the lower water solubility of the former.

Conclusions
The good interaction between DCF and soil organic carbon suggests the organic amendment of soils before the application of treated watewaters. The low adsorption of SMX onto soils suggests greater leaching of this compound which is, therefore, potentially more dangerous than DCF. For this reason, the application of a filtration system with appropriate adsorbent materials before the application of wastewater to soils should be expected.

Graphical Abstract
A facile and robust T7-promoter-based high-expression of heterologous proteins in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Ye Jing , Li Yunjie , Bai Yuqing , Zhang Ting , Jiang Wei , Shi Ting , Wu Zijian , Zhang Yi-Heng P. Job 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo mimic the Escherichia coli T7 protein expression system, we developed a facile T7 promoter-based protein expression system in an industrial microorganism Bacillus subtilis. This system has two parts: a new B. subtilis strain SCK22 and a plasmid pHT7. To construct strain SCK22, the T7 RNA polymerase gene was inserted into the chromosome, and several genes, such as two major protease genes, a spore generation-related gene, and a fermentation foam generation-related gene, were knocked out to facilitate good expression in high-density cell fermentation. The gene of a target protein can be subcloned into plasmid pHT7, where the gene of the target protein was under tight control of the T7 promoter with a ribosome binding site (RBS) sequence of B. subtilis (i.e., AAGGAGG). A few recombinant proteins (i.e., green fluorescent protein, α-glucan phosphorylase, inositol monophosphatase, phosphoglucomutase, and 4-α-glucanotransferase) were expressed with approximately 25–40% expression levels relative to the cellular total proteins estimated by SDS-PAGE by using B. subtilis SCK22/pHT7-derived plasmid. A fed-batch high-cell density fermentation was conducted in a 5-L fermenter, producing up to 4.78 g/L inositol monophosphatase. This expression system has a few advantageous features, such as, wide applicability for recombinant proteins, high protein expression level, easy genetic operation, high transformation efficiency, good genetic stability, and suitability for high-cell density fermentation.
Graphical Abstract
From formic acid to single-cell protein: genome-scale revealing the metabolic network of Paracoccus communis MA5
Authors: Tong Sheng , Zhao Lizhi , Zhu Daling , Chen Wuxi , Chen Limei , Li Demao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWith the increase in population growth and environmental pollution, the daily protein supply is facing great challenges. Single-cell protein (SCP) produced by microorganism fermentation is a good alternative for substituting plant- and animal-derived proteins. In this study, Paracoccus communis MA5 isolated from soil previously demonstrated an excellent ability to synthesize SCP directly from sodium formate. To investigate the central metabolic network of formic acid assimilation and protein synthesis, genome-scale analyses were performed. Genomic analysis showed that complete tetrahydrofolate cycle-, serine cycle-, glycolytic pathway-, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle- and nitrogen metabolism-relevant genes were annotated in the genome. These pathways play key roles in the conversion of formic acid into proteins. Transcriptional analysis showed that sodium formate stress could stimulate the metabolic pathway in response to environmental stress, but weaken the sulfur metabolic pathway to inhibit amino acid synthesis, resulting in a decrease in protein content (30% vs 44%). However, under culture conditions with ammonium sulfate, metabolic pathways associated with protein synthesis were accelerated, causing an increase in protein content (53% vs 44%); while the tetrahydrofolate cycle associated with formic acid assimilation was inhibited, causing a 62.5% decrease in growth rate (OD600: 0.21 vs 0.56). These results provide evidence of protein synthesis from sodium formate in strain MA5 at the gene level and lay a theoretical foundation for the optimization of fermentation systems using formic acid as a carbon source.
Graphical Abstract
A possible mechanism for spontaneous cyclic back-arc spreading
Authors: Ishii Kazuhiko , Wallis Simon R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBack-arc spreading is a non-steady-state process exemplified by the repeated cycles of spreading of the South Fiji and the Lau Basins behind the Tonga arc, and the Parece Vela Basin and the Mariana Trough behind the Mariana arc. Spreading in these regions starts with rifting within the volcanic arc before shifting to the back-arc region where it develops into a phase of well-defined spreading. 2D thermo-mechanical subduction modeling incorporating phase transitions at depths of 410 km and 660 km suggests the presence of a low-viscosity and low-density mantle wedge is an important condition for arc rifting to occur. Back-arc spreading starts when a nearly vertical slab impinges upon the 660 km discontinuity causing downdip compressive stress that is transmitted up the slab resulting in extensional within-arc stress. Trench retreat during a phase of back-arc spreading causes a decrease in slab dip angle and buckling of the slab. Back-arc spreading ceases during this buckling phase. Rifting starts once more when the nearly vertically dipping ‘heel’ of the buckled slab again impinges upon the 660-km boundary. The second phase of rifting initially focuses within the arc but subsequently shifts to the back-arc region leading to renewed back-arc spreading. Our modeling predicts that subduction of thick (old age) and weak (small yield stress) slabs, which have intermediate resistance to slab bending, leads to cyclic back-arc spreading. In contrast, continuous back-arc spreading is predicted for thick and strong slabs with a large resistance to bending, and no back-arc spreading is predicted for slabs with a small resistance to bending (thin slabs). Geological processes such as toroidal mantle flow around the lateral edges of a slab, collisions with buoyant lithosphere and interactions with third plates may have important roles in the development of cyclic back-arc spreading in specific cases. However, the presence of a common timescale of ~ 20 Myr suggests there a general underlying control on back-arc basin formation that is common to many if not all subduction zones. The new model presented here can account for the main features of cyclic back-arc spreading seen in the Tonga-Kermadec and the Calabrian arcs.
“Nourish to Flourish”: complementary feeding for a healthy infant gut microbiome—a non-randomised pilot feasibility study
Authors: Lovell Amy L. , Eriksen Hannah , McKeen Starin , Mullaney Jane , Young Wayne , Fraser Karl , Altermann Eric , Gasser Olivier , Kussmann Martin , Roy Nicole C. , McNabb Warren C. , Wall Clare R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The introduction of complementary foods and changes in milk feeding result in modifications to gastrointestinal function. The interplay between indigestible carbohydrates, host physiology, and microbiome, and immune system development are areas of intense research relevant to early and later-life health.

Methods
This 6-month prospective non-randomised feasibility study was conducted in Auckland, New Zealand (NZ), in January 2018. Forty parents/caregivers and their infants were enrolled, with 30 infants allocated to receive a prebiotic NZ kūmara (flesh and skin; a type of sweet potato) prepared as a freeze-dried powder, and ten infants allocated to receive a commercially available probiotic control known to show relevant immune benefits (109 CFU Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12®). The primary outcome was the study feasibility measures which are reported here.

Results
Recruitment, participant retention, and data collection met feasibility targets. Some limitations to biological sample collection were encountered, with difficulties in obtaining sufficient plasma sample volumes for the proposed immune parameter analyses. Acceptability of the kūmara powder was met with no reported adverse events.

Conclusion
This study indicates that recruiting infants before introducing complementary foods is feasible, with acceptable adherence to the food-based intervention. These results will inform the protocol of a full-scale randomised controlled trial (RCT) with adjustments to the collection of biological samples to examine the effect of a prebiotic food on the prevalence of respiratory tract infections during infancy.
Trial registration
Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618000157279. Prospectively registered on 02/01/2018.
Raynaud’s phenomenon and positive antinuclear antibodies as first manifestation of POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes): a case report
Authors: Torres-Saavedra Fabio , León-Sierra Lina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
POEMS syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome caused by plasma cell disorder almost always lambda restricted. Secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon is an overlooked skin manifestation of the disease even though it is present in twenty percent of patients. On POEMS syndrome have not been described positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and this could lead to a misdiagnosis of autoimmune disease, mainly systemic sclerosis.

Case presentation
A 47-year-old man presented with color changes on fingertips consistent with biphasic Raynaud’s phenomenon; an antinuclear antibody test was positive (at 1:320 titers in a speckled pattern) with normal nailfold capillaroscopy. Clinical features of systemic sclerosis were absent. Twenty-four months later, the patient presented symmetric sensorimotor demyelinating polyneuropathy, and he was diagnosed with Guillain–Barre syndrome; treatment with intravenous gammaglobulin had an incomplete response. Raynaud’s phenomenon persisted associated with acrocyanosis, white nails, and positive ANA (1:1280 in a nucleolar pattern). POEMS syndrome was suspected, and serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) was done. The SPEP revealed polyclonal gammopathy, and serum immunofixation showed monoclonal (M)-protein (IgG lambda). Serum vascular endothelial growth factor concentration showed increased levels. The patient was diagnosed with POEMS syndrome, and treatment with lenalidomide and dexamethasone improved the Raynaud’s phenomenon, acrocyanosis, and white nails, but the neurological response was partial.

Conclusions
POEMS syndrome may mimic clinical manifestations of systemic sclerosis v.g. Raynaud’s phenomenon, skin thickening, telangiectasia, and positive ANA. Raynaud’s phenomenon may precede other clinical manifestations of POEMS syndrome by several months. It is necessary to have a high index of suspicion for the diagnosis, especially in patients with peripheral polyneuropathy and monoclonal paraprotein. The significance of positive ANA in this condition is unknown and deserves further investigation.
How and why adults use cannabis during physical activity
Authors: Ogle Whitney L. , Gold Gregg J. , Coppen Lukas E. , Copriviza Claire 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
With increased legalization of cannabis, users are combining cannabis with exercise. The purpose of this study is to understand how and why people use cannabis when participating in physical activity.

Methods
A convenience sample of cannabis users participated in an anonymous online survey created by the authors regarding exercise habits while under the influence of cannabis, perceived benefits, unanticipated experiences related to cannabis and exercise, and demographics.

Results
One hundred thirty-one respondents (18–55 years) were eligible and began the survey. Nearly 60 physical activities under the influence of cannabis were reported. The most frequently reported modes of exercise included hiking (60%), yoga (58%), and aerobic machines (50%). The primary reasons for using cannabis before exercise were “helping to focus/concentrate” (66%), “helping enjoy the exercise experience” (65%), and “enhancing mind-body-spirit connection” (65%). Thirty-three participants reported “yes” or “maybe” regarding having an experience they “didn’t anticipate or desire while exercising under the influence of cannabis.”

Discussion
Participants’ reasons for exercising with cannabis span the physiological, psychological, neuromotor, and even spiritual domains. However, some reported an undesired experience when pairing cannabis with exercise. While this was an online survey with a small sample size, our results agree with and contribute to the growing research investigating cannabis use and physical activity participation.

Conclusion
We found considerable heterogeneity in types of physical activity participation under the influence of cannabis, as well as perceived benefits of use. This study provides directions to further explore the risks and benefits of combining cannabis with physical activity.
Traditional fermented foods and beverages in Iraq and their potential for large-scale commercialization
Authors: Muhialdin Belal J. , Filimonau Viachaslau , Qasem Jamal M. , Ibrahim Salam A. , Algboory Hussein L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe tradition of making fermented foods and beverages in Iraq dates back to 7500 BC. These fermented foods and beverages are represented by meat-, milk-, vegetable-, and fruit-based products reflecting diversity of agricultural production in ancient Iraq (Mesopotamia). Although the recipes for some fermented foods and beverages were lost throughout history, those remaining foods and beverages occupy a noticeable position in modern Iraqi cuisine. In this review, knowledge and techniques for preparation of 5 traditional fermented foods, i.e. Basturma, Smoked Liban,Aushari cheese, Turshi, and Sour Khobz, and 3 fermented beverages, i.e. Shanina, Sharbet Zbeeb, and Erk Sous in Iraq, are documented. Traditional fermented foods and beverages have multiple health benefits because of high content of probiotics and bioactive compounds. Traditional fermented foods and beverages are made using the back-slopping technique which ensures safety of production and maintains organoleptic properties. The review highlights the potential of fermented foods and beverages for their large-scale commercialization.
Preparation and characterization of polymyxin B- and histidine-coupled magnetic nanoparticles for purification of biologics from acquired endotoxin contamination
Authors: Salah Al-Shaimaa M. , Hassan Lamiaa A. , Fathallaa Faten , Al-Ghobashy Medhat A. , Nebsen Marianne 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Endotoxin is a major process-related impurity that can act as a strong immunostimulant leading to fever and hypotensive shock. Thus, the US FDA and international quality standards strictly direct the biologics manufacturers to control the endotoxin contamination during the purification process. In this work, a developed method for biologics purification from acquired endotoxin contamination is introduced. This is accomplished by the preparation of dextran-coated magnetic nanoparticles using a facile rapid co-precipitation method.

Results
The resulting magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are characterized by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The dextran-coated magnetic nanoparticles are further coupled to either polymyxin B or histidine to provide a positively charged ligand which enhances the affinity to the negatively charged endotoxin. Both ligands-coupled MNPs are tested for purification efficiency using the chromogenic kinetic assay. The method conditions are optimized using a two-level factorial design to achieve best purification conditions of the contaminated biologics and indicated endotoxin removal percentage 85.12% and maximum adsorption capacity of 38.5 mg/g, for histidine-coupled MNPs.

Conclusions
This developed method is introduced to serve biologics manufacturers to improve their manufacturing processes through providing a simple purifying tool for biologics from acquired endotoxin contamination.

Graphical Abstract