bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Decade of Improvement in Door‐to‐Puncture Times for Mechanical Thrombectomy But Ongoing Stagnation in Prehospital Care
Authors: Sun Chung‐Huan , Zaidat Osama O. , Castonguay Alicia C. , Veznedaroglu Erol , Budzik Ronald F. , English Joey , Baxter Blaise , Nogueira Raul G. , Krajina Antonín , Bartolini Bruno , Liebeskind David S. , Smith Wade , Koenig Matt , Jenkins Paul , Gupta Rishi 
Published: November 2022

Background
Systems of care surrounding endovascular therapy for stroke have garnered much attention in recent years. In‐hospital metrics, such as “door‐to‐puncture” and procedure times have been areas for quality improvement. The temporal trend and clinical significance of prehospital “onset‐to‐door” time, however, remains unknown.

Methods
We performed a systematic review of time metric data from all published randomized controlled and investigational device exemption trials involving endovascular therapy for stroke between 2005 and 2019 (n=26). Second, we conducted a record‐level observational analysis on a total of 3512 patients from 3 real‐world registries (Mechanical Embolus Removal in Cerebral Ischemia [MERCI], Thrombectomy REvascularization of Large Vessel Occlusions in Acute Ischemic Stroke [TREVO], and TREVO Stent‐Retriever Acute Stroke [TRACK]), together with 4 prospective trials (MERCI trial, Multi‐MERCI, TREVO‐EU, and TREVO‐2). Only patients receiving mechanical thrombectomy within 9 hours from onset‐to‐puncture time were included. Predictors of good outcome were identified using generalized linear mixed modeling.

Results

Door‐to‐puncture times (slope=−5.83 min/y; R
2
=0.25;
P
=0.046), procedure times (slope=−3.78 min/y; R
2
=0.54;
P
<0.001), and onset‐to‐reperfusion times (slope=−11.82 min/y; R
2
=0.57;
P
<0.001) improved over the years among previously published randomized controlled trials/investigational device exemption trials from 2005 to 2019. The prehospital metric of onset‐to‐door time, however, remained statistically unchanged (slope=1.03 min/y; R
2
<0.01;
P
=0.806). Pooled analysis from record‐level data demonstrated a similar temporal trend where door‐to‐puncture, procedure, and onset‐to‐reperfusion times declined by an average of 12 minutes (R
2
=0.45;
P
<0.0001), 6 minutes (R
2
=0.27;
P
<0.0001), and 8 minutes per year (R
2
=0.18;
P
<0.0001), respectively, over a similar time period. Time from onset to door, however, did not improve (3.6 min/y; R
2
=0.34;
P
=0.005). In a backward‐selection regression model, onset‐to‐door time was found to be a significant predictor of patient outcomes, where every hour delay in hospital arrival correlated with a 14% reduction in the odds of a good outcome.

Conclusions
“Door‐to‐puncture” and procedure times have seen significant improvements over the past decade. The prehospital component of “onset‐to‐door” time, however, has remained stagnant. This presents an unrealized opportunity to enhance patient outcomes through improved systems of care in the prehospital setting.
Views on Thresholds by Transdisciplinary Partners: A Shared Journey Continues
Authors: Wolf Silvio , Rozentsvit Inna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article is a reflection on a journey of transdisciplinary partners from two different and unusually paired “sets” of disciplines: photography art (Silvio Wolf, SW) and cross-pollinated research in the fields of applied clinical neuroscience and psychoanalysis (Inna Rozentsvit, IR). This relationship originated in examining the “beholder’s share” phenomenon and moved on to further collaboration on the topics of “thresholds” and “visible/invisible,” as they relate to these two individuals’ personal and professional beings.
Pattern forming mechanisms of color vision
Authors: Burstein Zily , Reid David D. , Thomas Peter J. , Cowan Jack D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
While our understanding of the way single neurons process chromatic stimuli in the early visual pathway has advanced significantly in recent years, we do not yet know how these cells interact to form stable representations of hue. Drawing on physiological studies, we offer a dynamical model of how the primary visual cortex tunes for color, hinged on intracortical interactions and emergent network effects. After detailing the evolution of network activity through analytical and numerical approaches, we discuss the effects of the model’s cortical parameters on the selectivity of the tuning curves. In particular, we explore the role of the model’s thresholding nonlinearity in enhancing hue selectivity by expanding the region of stability, allowing for the precise encoding of chromatic stimuli in early vision. Finally, in the absence of a stimulus, the model is capable of explaining hallucinatory color perception via a Turing-like mechanism of biological pattern formation.
Compositional Evaluation on Japanese Textual Entailment and Similarity
Authors: Yanaka Hitomi , Mineshima Koji 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Natural Language Inference (NLI) and Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) are widely used benchmark tasks for compositional evaluation of pre-trained language models. Despite growing interest in linguistic universals, most NLI/STS studies have focused almost exclusively on English. In particular, there are no available multilingual NLI/STS datasets in Japanese, which is typologically different from English and can shed light on the currently controversial behavior of language models in matters such as sensitivity to word order and case particles. Against this background, we introduce JSICK, a Japanese NLI/STS dataset that was manually translated from the English dataset SICK. We also present a stress-test dataset for compositional inference, created by transforming syntactic structures of sentences in JSICK to investigate whether language models are sensitive to word order and case particles. We conduct baseline experiments on different pre-trained language models and compare the performance of multilingual models when applied to Japanese and other languages. The results of the stress-test experiments suggest that the current pre-trained language models are insensitive to word order and case marking.
Petro-States’ Shaping of International Law
Authors: Kulamadayil Lys 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article highlights the marks left on international law by Iran’s and Algeria’s early, and mid-20th century paths to re-claiming sovereignty over their petroleum reserves. It shows that Iran has significantly affected the contractual model of petroleum operations, whereas Algeria has championed the international law turn of third world internationalism. It thus hopes to shift attention from the frequently cited non-consequentialism of key moments in Third World Internationalism, such as Bandung and the NIEO to the significance of these domestic and transnational processes. While so doing, it is careful to point to the extraordinary bargaining power given to petro-states by the fossil-fuel dependent global economy, which elevated their influence in global affairs over that of other states in the Global South.
The Well-Tempered Career: Erasmus on the Emotional Health of Scholars
Authors: Haskell Yasmin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This lecture explores Erasmus’ beliefs about the life of the healthy Christian humanist, from boy student to mature scholar, through the prism of ‘history of emotions’. It appraises Erasmus’ place in the longer history of scholarly hygiene, a tradition of writing about the physical, psychological, and spiritual health of scholars. What for example does Erasmus have to say about those conditions with which early modern intellectuals were so frequently associated, viz. melancholy and ‘hypochondriac’ disease? Does he pathologize particular kinds of intellectual activity, and what preventatives or remedies does he prescribe for the occupational hazards, if not diseases, of learning? Finally, what was Erasmus’ view of the authority of contemporary learned medicine in relation to these matters?
Brigadier General Theodore C. Lister, M.D.: Father of American Aviation Medicine
Authors: Barrios Joey , O'Leary J. Patrick 
Published: November 2022

Aviation medicine came into existence as a recognized entity when certain standards were established during and shortly after World War I.1 During this time, accident rates were high.2 In fact, a larger number of pilots were dying in accidents than in combat. Figures from Great Britain's casualty list at the close of the first year of World War I indicated that for every 100 aviators killed, 60 died as a result of some individual physical defect, 30 from some form of recklessness or careless behavior, 8 as a result of some mechanical defect in the airplane, and only 2 at the hands of the enemy.3 Aviators were found to be in poor physical condition. Because there were no established regulations with regard to workloads, aviators were frequently found to have been flying to a point beyond exhaustion. Because of workload, chronic fatigue, and emotional stress, aviators were constantly called upon to perform superhuman feats when not in peak physical condition. Errors in judgement were common. The majority of pilots lost weight as a somatic sign of stress. This was recognized by Theodore Lister who had recently been appointed as the Chief Surgeon, Aviation Section of the U.S. Army. Such problems were not diagnosed by medical officers because they were not trained to recognize them. Theodore Charles Lister was the son of Captain William J. and Martha Doughty Lister. He was an Army “brat” who entered the world on July 10, 1875. His childhood was spent in various posts around the country. At the age of 7, Lister contracted yellow fever while living in Fort Brown, TX. The boy was treated by William Gorgas, a young post surgeon. Gorgas was credited with the young boy's recovery. Later, Gorgas was to marry Lister's aunt making Lister his nephew by marriage. Having survived the yellow fever infection, young Lister had a lifelong immunity to the disease.
Primary Hyperaldosteronism in the Era of Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy
Authors: Rossi Heather , Kim Anthony , Prinz Richard A. 
Published: November 2022

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy has been recommended as the standard method for removing an aldosteronoma. To assess our surgical experience with primary hyperaldosteronism in the era of laparoscopic adrenalectomy a 6-year retrospective review of 30 consecutive patients was done. The 20 men and 10 women ranged in age from 35 to 78 with a mean of 51.2 years. All patients were hypertensive and hypokalemic with a mean serum potassium of 2.9 ± 0.32 (standard deviation) mmol/L. Serum aldosterone was elevated in 28 of 30 (94%) patients and normal in the remaining two. Serum renin was suppressed in all patients. CT correctly localized the tumor in all 30 patients. Twenty-eight patients had histologically documented adenomas and two had associated cortical hyperplasia on pathology. Mean adenoma size was 2.0 ± 1.12 cm. Twenty-four patients underwent left laparoscopic adrenalectomies, whereas right laparoscopic adrenalectomies were performed in five. One was converted to an open left adrenalectomy. Mean operative time was 183 minutes. The mean hospital stay for laparoscopic adrenalectomy was 2.2 days. The patients were followed from one to 63 months (mean 26.1 months). Twenty-nine of 30 (95%) patients were rendered normokalemic. The remaining patient takes a potassium-wasting diuretic. Persistent hypertension was present in 10 of 30 (33%) patients. Blood pressure in nine of 10 patients was controlled with less medical therapy. The other patient's blood pressure remained difficult to control despite multiple medications. Duration of hypertension before surgery was a significant risk factor for persistent hypertension ( P < 0.05). Gender ( P < 0.05) and age ( P < 0.05) at the time of surgery were not statistically significant predicators for persistent hypertension. There were two reported trocar site hernias. We conclude that primary hyperaldosteronism due to aldosterone-producing tumors can be diagnosed and accurately localized with preoperative measurements of serum aldosterone, renin, and CT scanning. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is safe and effective for the treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism with minimal associated morbidity and a short hospital stay. Hypokalemia may be cured by surgical treatment, although persistent hypertension still occurs. Duration of hypertension before surgery is a risk factor for persistent hypertension whereas age and sex are not.
Puerperal Ovarian Vein Thrombosis with Extension into the Inferior Vena Cava
Authors: Clarke Christine S. , Harlin Stuart A. 
Published: November 2022

The incidence of puerperal ovarian vein thrombosis is estimated to range between 1 in 600 and 1 in 2000 deliveries. The cardinal signs of puerperal ovarian vein thrombosis include fever, leukocytosis, and right lower quadrant abdominal pain, most often in a recently delivered female patient. These patients are classically described as failing to improve with intravenous antibiotic therapy alone; resolution of symptoms and presumptive diagnosis is made on defervescence with the addition of intravenous heparin therapy. Objective diagnostic modalities include venography, ultrasound, laparoscopy, and MRI, although CT remains the gold standard for the identification of this underdiagnosed entity. We present a case report of a 20-year-old female treated at our facility for puerperal ovarian vein thrombosis. She was transferred to our vascular surgery service after developing the classic signs of puerperal ovarian vein thrombosis and undergoing CT demonstrating ovarian vein thrombosis with extension of free-floating thrombus into her inferior vena cava (IVC). This degree of thrombosis was particularly concerning when one considers the 3 to 33 per cent rate of pulmonary embolism reported in patients with puerperal ovarian vein thrombosis. Treatment modalities for such extensive degrees of thrombosis are described in the literature and range from hysterectomy and thrombectomy to ligation of the IVC. In our case, we prophylactically placed a suprarenal IVC Greenfield filter to protect against pulmonary embolism and proceeded with the standard regimen of anticoagulation and antibiotics. This treatment approach has been reported only twice previously in the literature, to our knowledge.
The Social, Material, and Temporal Effects of Monthly Extended-Release Buprenorphine Depot Treatment for Opioid Dependence: An Australian Qualitative Study
Authors: Lancaster Kari , Gendera Sandra , Treloar Carla , Rhodes Tim , Shahbazi Jeyran , Byrne Marianne , Degenhardt Louisa , Farrell Michael 
Published: November 2022

Aims: This study examined the social, material and temporal effects of extended-release buprenorphine depot treatment (BUP-XR), among a group of participants commencing BUP-XR in Australia, and considered the situated potentials of these new opioid agonist treatment technologies. Methods: Using a longitudinal qualitative design, 36 participants (25 men, 11 women; mean age 44 years) were interviewed, with 32 followed-up, to generate accounts of BUP-XR experiences. Analysis was informed by sociological approaches which attend to the multiple effects of novel health interventions as they are put to use and made to work, with a focus on tracing change over time. Analysis: The shift from daily to monthly dosing altered how opioid agonist treatment was experienced, reconfigured participants’ relationship to treatment, and affected the temporal patterns of participants’ lives. Extending temporal relations released participants from short-term cycles of living and produced different forms of subjectivity, bringing about both transformation and loss. Monthly dosing, and a sense of normalcy characterized by absenting the routines and felt effects of drugs or treatment medications, potentiated a feeling of stability for many participants. For some, disrupting daily routines precipitated disconnection from treatment and social care relations. The transition from daily to monthly dosing required adaptation and new ways of engaging with treatment and care, with medication acting as a bridge to care without necessarily being the focal point. Conclusions: As BUP-XR treatment gains traction internationally, it will be important to attend to the multiple, and sometimes unexpected, effects this intervention makes in the social and material lives of clients. How choice, social connection, and care can be maintained to help secure BUP-XR’s longer-term impact, and how clients can be supported to adjust to what is felt to be a new normal, will be considerations in future treatment delivery.
A high-protein peptide-based enteral formula improves diarrhea in tube-fed patients: A prospective multicenter study
Authors: Rattanachaiwong Sornwichate , Siritientong Tippawan , Pisprasert Veeradej , Hongsprabhas Pranithi , Deawtrakulchai Phitphiboon , Williams Somkit , Suebsoh Naluttaporn , Samuksaman Sidarut , Bunsut Phayom , Pramyothin Pornpoj , Khumkhana Nanta , Tipsung Pennapa , Vattanapongpisan Mayura , Promsin Panuwat 
Published: November 2022

Background Diarrhea is a common problem in tube-fed patients. The relevant guidelines suggest using a peptide-based enteral formula in patients with diarrhea; however, sufficient evidence to support this recommendation is currently lacking. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a high-protein peptide-based formula on gastrointestinal intolerance, mainly focusing on diarrhea symptoms in patients who were intolerant to polymeric formula feeding. Methods This prospective, single-arm, open-label, multicenter study was conducted from March 2021 to March 2022 at two tertiary-care hospitals. Patients who presented with diarrhea during tube feeding with polymeric formula were assigned to receive a high-protein peptide-based formula for ≤7 days. Stool weight and frequency were monitored at baseline, on day 3, and on day 7 (or end of the study) as the primary outcomes. Results Twenty-eight tube-fed patients with diarrhea were recruited. After switching their feeding formula from polymeric to peptide based, significant improvements in stool frequency and stool weight were observed on day 3 and day 7 compared with the baseline (median [IQR] stool frequency: 5 (2), 2.5 (3.5), and 3 (3) times/day, respectively, p <0.001; median stool weight: 500 (370), 170 (285), and 275 (385) gram/day, respectively, p = 0.015). Stool consistency was assessed using the Bristol Stool Score and showed significant improvement with time. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion A high-protein peptide-based enteral formula was effective in reducing stool weight and frequency in patients who experienced diarrhea during tube feeding with a polymeric formula. Trial registration: TCTR20210302006
Effect of physical exercise on fear of falling in patients with stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chiu Chi Yat , Ng Michael Yu-Hin , Lam Sum Chung , Hui Ka Yan , Keung Chun Ho , Ouyang Huixi , Li Xun , Pang Marco Yiu-Chung 
Published: November 2022

Objective To consolidate the evidence on the effect of physical exercise on fear of falling in individuals with stroke. Data Sources PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Database and MEDLINE Methods An extensive database search was conducted to identify the randomised controlled trials that examined the effect of physical exercise on fear of falling post-stroke. Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the quality of evidence for each meta-analysis. Results Fourteen trials totalling 1211 participants were included in this review. Thirteen of these (1180 participants) were included in the meta-analyses. In the primary analysis, very low-quality evidence suggested that exercise reduced fear of falling post-stroke (standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23 to 0.72). The effect was diminished at three- to six-month follow-up after exercise training ended (SMD −0.09; 95% CI −0.27 to 0.10; high-quality evidence). In the sensitivity analyses, the treatment effect was more pronounced in individuals with a lower baseline Berg balance score (BBS ≤45; SMD 0.53; 95%CI 0.17 to 0.88) and for those trials with exercise frequency of ≥3 sessions per week (SMD 0.70; 95%CI 0.39 to 1.01). Compared with circuit-based training consisting of a combination of walking, balance and strengthening exercises (SMD 0.27; 95% CI −0.09 to 0.63), walking programmes seemed to generate a larger effect on fear of falling (SMD 1.06; 95%CI 0.43 to 1.70). Conclusion Physical exercise was beneficial for reducing fear of falling in individuals with stroke, particularly those with poorer balance ability.
Double-Limb Graft Versus Single-Limb Graft Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for Recurrent Patellar Dislocation: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies
Authors: Pang Long , Mou Kefan , Li Yinghao , Li Tao , Li Jian , Zhu Jing , Tang Xin 
Published: November 2022

Background: The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the most important stabilizer of lateral dislocation of the patella. Single-limb (SL) and double-limb (DL) graft MPFL reconstructions have been increasingly used to treat recurrent patellar dislocations, but the clinical efficacy of SL versus DL graft MPFL reconstructions remains controversial owing to the inconsistent conclusions of previous studies. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of SL and DL graft MPFL reconstructions for patients with recurrent patellar dislocation by conducting a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies. Study Design: Meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies. The retrieval time was up to July 25, 2022. Two evaluators independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the enrolled studies. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. Results: A total of 4 randomized controlled trials and 3 cohort studies with 451 patients were included. The joint stability and functional scores in both groups improved significantly from baseline. When compared with SL graft reconstruction, DL graft reconstruction provided reduced recurrent instability ( P = .01), anterior patella–related pain ( P = .02), and patellar lateral shift rate ( P = .02). Regarding functional recovery, patients undergoing DL graft reconstruction presented better scores on the Kujala ( P < .001), Tegner ( P = .009), and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) ( P < .001) but similar Lysholm scores as compared with SL graft reconstruction. No statistically significant difference was found between the techniques in the reduction of the patellar tilt angle, complications other than anterior patella–related pain, or postoperative pain. Conclusion: When compared with SL graft MPFL reconstruction, DL graft MPFL reconstruction yielded better outcomes in terms of postoperative recurrent instability, anterior patella–related pain, patellar lateral shift rate, Kujala score, Tegner score, and IKDC score. The amount of high-quality evidence is insufficient, so this conclusion should be interpreted with caution.