bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Target volume coverage in clinically designed radiotherapy plan of post-mastectomy adjuvant radiotherapy of breast cancer patients in comparison with radiation therapy oncology group-based contoured plan: A dosimetric study
Authors: Azam Mohammad , Agrawal Animesh , Sahni Kamal , Rastogi Madhup , Rathi Arun Kumar , Farzana S. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Conventional field radiotherapy based on anatomical landmarks has been the traditional treatment for breast cancer. Having proven efficacy, it is still the current standard of treatment. The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) has published guidelines for contouring target volumes in postmastectomy patients. The impact of this guideline in the current clinical practice is less known; hence, we have analyzed dose-volume histograms (DVHs) for these plans and compared them with the proposed treatment plans to treat RTOG-defined targets.

Subjects and Methods:
RTOG consensus definitions were used to contour the target volumes in 20 previously treated postmastectomy patients. The prescription was 42.4 Gy in 16 fractions. DVHs were generated from clinically designed plans that had actually been delivered to each patient. For comparing dose to target volumes, new plans were generated with the goal of covering 95% of volume to 90% of prescribed dose.

Results:
In RTOG contoured Group, coverage improved for the supraclavicular (V90 = 83 vs. 94.9%, P < 0.05) and chest wall (V90 = 89.8 vs. 95.2%, P < 0.05). Axillary nodal coverage improved for Level-1(V90 = 80.35 vs. 96.40%, P < 0.05), Level-II (V90 = 85.93 vs. 97.09%, P < 0.05) and Level III (V90 = 86.67 vs. 98.6%, P < 0.05). The dose to the ipsilateral lung is increased (V20 = 23.87 vs. 28.73%, P < 0.05). Low dose to heart is increased in left-sided cases (V5 = 14.52 vs. 16.72%, P < 0.05) while same in right-sided cases.

Conclusions:
The study shows that radiotherapy using the RTOG consensus guidelines improves coverage to target volumes with a nonsignificant increase in normal organ dose compared to that based on anatomical landmarks.
Comparison of associated factors of domestic violence against women by their husbands based on demographic characteristics and life skills in Iran
Authors: Karimyan Azimeh , Pourreza Abolghasem , Sadeghi Roya , Sighaldeh Shirin Shahbazi , Yaseri Mehdi 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
In recent decades, the prevention of domestic violence against women (DVAW) has been considered a priority for women's health in many countries. Identifying factors related to DVAW by their husbands or intimate partner can promise prevention and decrease in prevalence. The objective of this study was to examine and compare associated factors of domestic violence based on demographic characteristics and some life skills.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Abadan, Iran. 640 couples completed questionnaires including demographic characteristics, communication skills, anger management, and problem-solving skill. In addition, women completed the questionnaire on domestic violence. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (t-test and one-way analysis of variance) and multiple linear regression.

RESULTS:
Approximately 57% of the women in this study have been subjected to psychological violence in their lifetime by their husbands. The result of multiple regression indicated that demographic characteristics had a very small contribution to explaining domestic violence (R
2= 0.03) and only the education level of women was identified as a key predictor of domestic violence. The result of multiple regression based on life skills among couples demonstrated that communication skills and anger management of couples were inversely and significantly associated with domestic violence and these variables explained 51% of the variance in domestic violence.

CONCLUSIONS:
Empowering couples with anger management and communication skills can play an important role in decreasing domestic violence. Therefore, developing and planning educational interventions by policymakers and health care providers seems necessary for couples.
Systematic review of health policy and behavioral economics
Authors: Zamani Zahra , Ghalichi-Zave Zahra , Ahmadi Mazhin Sadegh , Eshaghzadeh Maliheh , Hami Mahsa , Zahirian Moghadam Telma 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
Health policymakers use a variety of policy tools. These policies are either based on external factors or are based on paternal considerations; people may need to have help in the selection of items that may be regretted about them in the future. However, recent research on behavioral economics shows that major decision-making mistakes are not only limited to vulnerable groups but also are ubiquitous and systematic. The purpose of this study was on health policy making with a behavioral economics approach in health promotion.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The eligible studies were obtained from Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The search strategy uses a combination of keywords in the titles. The keywords of behavioral economics along with the keyword of health have been used to find related articles.

RESULTS:
After deleting duplicate articles, a total of 38 articles were identified. After reviewing the title and abstract, 13 studies were omitted because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Ten articles were removed from the found articles due to the unavailability of the full text and four articles were excluded because their method was quantitative. Finally, a total of 11 articles were eligible for including this review study.

CONCLUSION:
Recent research on behavioral economics shows that decision-making errors are not limited to vulnerable groups but are ubiquitous and systematic. Forgotten income or negligible income is very high and is reasonably explained by transaction costs. Educational interventions often have little effect and do not benefit from basic cost-benefit tests. In addition, the seemingly insignificant aspects of choice-frameworks and assumptions-often have a profound effect on behavior.
Improved Receiver Design Concepts for Parabolic Dish Direct Solar Cooking Systems
Authors: P Theu Austin , Z M Kimambo Cuthbert 
Published: November 2022

In developing countries, solar cooking technology is considered one of the key measures in dealing with deforestation and environmental pollution. However, their adoption and utilization have been insignificant due to social, cultural, and technical challenges, among others. For parabolic dish direct solar cookers, one of the critical and most important components of the system is a receiver since its performance greatly affects the entire system. This paper presents part of the findings of the study which investigated the prospects of improving the technical performance of parabolic dish direct solar cooking systems by focusing on the identification of prospective heat loss reduction mechanisms on the receiver. The study identified the Insulated (IR), Air-filled (AFR), and Oil-filled (OFR) receivers with Base Circular Rings (BCR) as alternatives to the Conventional Receiver (CR) System. Tests were conducted using procedures and protocols given by the American Society for Agricultural Engineers (ASAE). The test results showed that the average power developed by the systems was 185 W for the IRBCR system, 90 W for the OFRBCR system, 92 W for the AFRBCR system, and 118 W for the CR system. The standardized cooking power for a temperature difference of 50oC, PS (50), was 291 W for the IRBCR system, 11 W for the OFRBCR system, 272 W for the AFRBCR system, and 142 W for the CR system. The results further revealed that the overall efficiencies were 23% for the IRBCR system, 9% for the OFRBCR system, 12% for the AFRBCR system, and 18% for the CR system. The receiver efficiencies were found to be 27% for a system with IR, 11% for a system with OFR, 14% for a system with AFR, and 21% for a system with CR. The study concluded that the performance improved when the system with the IR was used while the magnitudes of the performance parameters of the AFR and OFR were lower than the CR system.
DISKURSUS HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM KURIKULUM MATA KULIAH HUKUM PIDANA
Authors: Nur Akifah Janur  , Atirah Atirah 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deksripsi kualitatif, yaitu mengambarkan, merangkan, menejalskan serta menjawab secara terperinci permasalahan yang akan diteliti dengan mempelajari suatu keadaan yang nyata dan hasil penulisannya berupa penjelasan atau pernyataan dengan keadaan yang sebenarnya. Penelitian ini menitikberatkan analisis sistem pembelajaran pada mata kuliah hukum pidana dengan memasukkan diskurus HAM khususnta terkait isu kekerasan seksual pada kurikulum pembelajaran hukum pidana sebagai sarana pengembangan pemahaman mahasiswa terkait dengan Hak Asasi Manusia. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa diskurus HAM merupakan sebuah sistem berpikir, ide-ide, pemikiran, dan gambaran yang kemudian membangun konsep suatu kultur atau budaya sehingga sangat diperlukan penerapannya dalam mata kuliah hukum pidana
DİJİTAL YAYINCILIK VE İZLEME PRATİKLERİ: “GAİN” ÜZERİNE BİR ANALİZ
Authors: KARADUMAN Sibel , ÜNLÜ KARATAŞ Nagihan 
Published: November 2022

Amaç: Teknolojinin gelişmesi ve evlerimize kadar girmesiyle birlikte, kullanıcılara sunulan kişiselleştirilmiş hizmetler, içerikleri tüketen bireyler için tercih edilme nedeni olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dijital platformlara yönelik ilginin artması, bireylerin boş zaman aktivitesi olarak da bu kanalları kullanması ve uygulayıcılar için içerik üretiminin seri hale gelmesi, birçok platforma gerek televizyon ekranlarından gerekse telefon ya da tablet aracılığıyla erişebilme imkanını beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 30 Aralık 2020 tarihinde yayın hayatına başlayan ve diğer platformlardan farklı uygulama biçimleri olan Gain dijital platformu izleyicilerinin izleme ve kullanım pratiklerini ortaya çıkarmaktır.
Yöntem: Çalışmada, Gain izleyicilerinin izleme ve kullanım pratiklerine yönelik nitel bir araştırma yapılmış, veriler 10 kişi ile yapılan derinlemesine görüşmeler sonucunda elde edilmiş ve betimsel analiz yapılmıştır.
Metodoloji/Yaklaşım: Medya metinlerini kendilerine sunulduğu biçimde doğrudan, olduğu gibi aldığı savına dayanan edilgin izleyici tezi, Kullanımlar ve Doyumlar yaklaşımıyla birlikte başlayan araştırmalarla metne müdahale edebilen etkin/aktif izleyiciler tezine dönüşmüştür. Bu çalışmanın kuramsal yaklaşımı, Gain izleyicilerinin izleme ve kullanım pratiklerini ortaya koyma amacı doğrultusunda Kullanımlar ve Doyumlar Yaklaşımının temel prensipleri ve kavramları çerçevesinde oluşturulmuştur.
Bulgular: İzleyicilerin Gain’i tercih etmede, gündelik yaşam pratikleri içinde içeriklerin kısalığı, akıllı cep telefonlarıyla içeriklere erişim kolaylığı, içeriklerin kalitesi ve özgünlüğü izleme ve tercih sebeplerinin başında geldiği tespit edilmiştir.
Özgünlük: Günümüz yeni iletişim teknolojilerinin gelişimi ve dijital platformların izleyiciyi/kullanıcıyı tamamen odak merkezine almasıyla izleyicinin aktif konumunu kalıcı hale getirmesine imkan sağlamıştır. Bu bağlamda Gain’in, izleyiciye kısa ve kolay tüketilebilir içerik vaadi sunan ilk platform olma özelliği dolayısıyla izleyicilerinin izleme ve kullanım pratiklerini araştırmak bu çalışmanın özgünlüğünü oluşturmaktadır.
Propiedades psicométricas de la escala motivación a la meta (EMM) en estudiantes de nivel superior
Authors: Castro Hilda Soledad Torres , Gallardo Alberto Miranda 
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo tiene el propósito de presentar las características psicométricas de la Escala Motivación a la Meta (León y Miranda, 2017), que forma parte de seis escalas que dan cuenta de la intencionalidad como constructo psicológico para explicar el comportamiento humano desde el Modelo Psicológico de la Intencionalidad (Miranda y Torres, 2015) aplicado a estudiantes de nivel superior. La legitimidad de un modelo teórico se caracteriza por su contrastación empírica, aspecto fundamental para su aceptación y validación, como consecuencia el modelo psicológico de la intencionalidad requiere trabajar sobre ello a través de la validación de cada una de sus escalas, siendo ésta una de ellas. La comunidad científica psicológica afirma que uno procedimiento utilizado para lograr la contrastación es estrechando la relación teoría y práctica a través de diversos caminos metodológicos, siendo uno de ellos el proceso de medición al propiciar la obtención de conocimientos cuantificables sobre las características de un concepto, un constructo o una variable latente. En este sentido, Nunally y Bernstein (1995) afirman que medir un fenómeno resulta indispensable para toda actividad científica. Esta investigación se apoyó en la construcción de un instrumento de medición con la finalidad de responder a las características psicométricas de la motivación a la meta, como constructo del modelo teórico. La validación se llevó a cabo en una muestra no probabilística intencional de 100 estudiantes de 17 a 25 años, nivel licenciatura de la zona Oriente de la Cd. De México. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una consistencia interna de la escala de 0.87 con 27 elementos, a su vez seis factores que explican el constructo de “motivación a la meta”.
Image Captioning Generator Text-to-Speech
Authors: Tripti Sharma , Anand Neetu , Gaurav Kumar , Kapoor Rohit 
Published: November 2022

A model is created for blind people that can guide and support them while traveling on the highways just with the help of a smartphone application. This can be accomplished by first converting the scene in front of the user into text and then converting text into voice output. Then a method for the generation of image legends based on deep neural networks. With an image as an entry, the method can display an English sentence describing the contents of the image. The user first provides a voice command, then a quick snapshot is captured by the camera or webcam. This image is then fed as input to the image caption generator template that generates a caption for the image. Next, this caption text is converted to speech, which gives rise to a voice message on the description of the image.
IoT and AI Based Smart Soil Quality Assessment for Data-Driven Irrigation and Fertilization
Authors: Nyakuri Jean Pierre , Bizimana Judith , Bigirabagabo Aaron , Kalisa Jean Bosco , Gafirita James , Munyaneza Midas Adolphe , Nzemerimana Jean Pierre 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The rapidly growing demand for food due to rapid population growth in East Africa is one of the challenging issues and the sustainable way of tackling it, is to enhance the agriculture activities to satisfy the need of increasing farm productivity. However, the climate change, limited water resources and poor soil fertility reduces crops yields. In attempt to solve these challenges, Internet of thing (IoT) in conjunction with artificial intelligence (AI) techniques is increasingly being used in agriculture sector. This study investigates an integration of IoT and a deep learning (DL) driven solution for smart irrigation and fertigation by assessing soil nutrients and soil water content dynamics in Eastern province of Rwanda for optimization of these scare resources while increasing yields productivity.
Methodology: The research data for analysis was collected from KABOKU-KAGITUMBA irrigation scheme, and data on soil moisture and soil nutrients was gathered over a six-month period from 36 sensor nodes that were installed in approximately 70 hectares with 6 pivots for irrigation. The collected data in real time by sensors was sent to an IoT platform and incorporated with the forecasted weather information there after a deep learning based model used to predict when to irrigate and when to fertigate and the notification sent to farmer with recommendations. The irrigation valves were automatically actuated based on the predictions. The study's main software tools for gathering, displaying, and analyzing real-time data streams were Things Speak, Tensor Flow Lite, and the Arduino Software (IDE). A prototype was finally implemented effectively.
Findings: The resulting model showed that can perform well with an accuracy of 91.7% and it can work well when deployed in the remote area with minimum internet connection.
Unique Contribution to Practice: since the currently technologies used in irrigation and fertilization are manual or based on threshold values for automatic irrigation, we recommend the implementation of this solution since it will guarantee data-driven farming, which will help to protect the environment and ensure the optimization use of water resources. Additionally, this will result in lower operating cost, which will raise earnings.
Women’s Right to Choose a Spouse: In the Hanafi School of Islamic Jurisprudence
Authors: Hemat Toryalai , Sekandary Muhammad Ibrahim 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: According to the sacred provisions of Islamic sharia and the Hanafi School of Islamic jurisprudence (Madhab), a woman has the right to choose herself a spouse. When a woman becomes a widow, this right is given to her even more often because they know more.
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to clarify the right of a woman to choose her spouse. It clarifies all the conditions and circumstances according to the Hanafi School, in which a woman can choose a spouse for herself.
Methodology: The doctrinal research methodology and a descriptive, explanatory, and analytical research approach are used in this work. In this study, the rules and regulations of the Hanafi School of Islamic jurisprudence will be analyzed in detail to support the research study. It is worth mentioning that this part of the research is entirely based on library sources. References are mostly primary and secondary sources. The primary sources include the Afghan civil code and the secondary sources include jurisprudential textbooks, scholarly published and unpublished journal articles, law reports, and online websites related to the research area.
Findings: According to the Hanafi School of Islamic jurisprudence, a woman is not given the right to choose her husband in the pre-puberty stage. In the remaining two stages (the puberty stage and the stage of widowhood), a woman can choose her own spouse and no one can take that right away from her. Even if a guardian (Wali) marries a girl who is too young, the marriage can be ended when the girl reaches puberty. She can do this by taking the matter to the competent court.
Unique contribution of theory and practice: Theoretically, this work is very useful in contributing to the existing body of literature of knowledge. Practically, this work identifies the circumstances in which a woman is allowed to choose her own spouse. Each and every woman will know her bona fide right to choose a husband. On the other hand, society will never force a woman to marry without her own consent.
Governance Practices and Illicit Financial Flows in Kenya’s Oil and Mining Sectors
Authors: Mithia Catherine , Kosgey Margaret 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to examine governance practices that oversee oil and mining sectors in Kenya and their efficacy in curbing illicit financial flows.
Methodology: This study adopted a mixed-method research design by targeting stakeholders in the oil and mining sectors within Nairobi County. The study involved 93 respondents consisting of key stakeholders in mid-level and senior management positions in both government and civil society organizations. The quantitative data were collected by filling in semi-structured questionnaires while qualitative data was collected by conducting interviews. The quantitative data are presented using tables, texts, and graphs while qualitative data is presented through the identification of common themes from the responses.
Findings: The findings from qualitative and quantitative data analysis showed that rule of law and transparency have a significant effect on curbing illicit financial flows in Kenya’s oil and mining sectors. However, the regression analysis findings showed that the rule of law has the highest influence on the dependent variable, followed by transparency and stakeholder accountability.
A unique contribution to theory, practice, and policy: Most studies have focused on examining extractive governance practices in countries with long histories of extraction, such as Norway and Nigeria while the dynamics in emerging industries, such as Kenya, remain largely unexplored, especially in addressing the challenge of illicit financial flows. This study will contribute to the existing literature in examining the capacity of existing regulatory and institutional frameworks in emerging economies such as Kenya, in combatting illicit financial flows in their oil and mining sectors.
Dynamics and Complexities of Forming the Executive Office: Analysis of Kenya’s Cabinet 1963 – 2018
Authors: Daniel Otieno Joshua Michael , Muna Wilson 
Published: November 2022

For any government, formation and selection of executive office is influenced by myriads of factors and considerations, defined by both national and global dynamics. Although the Constitution of Kenya (CoK, 2010) offers guiding principles on design of the Cabinet, its current formation and structure remains under contention. This study analyzed; ethnic, gender, size, and individual dynamics that have informed the structure and organization of the Kenyan cabinet. A survey of executive office of the president staff and knowledge experts in politics, public policy and administration was carried out. Semi structured questionnaires were employed and interviews conducted to collect data. This was complemented by secondary data from published books, journals, and archival government documents. The study found that (1) politics in Kenya is highly ethnicized and the most significant determining factor in the making of cabinet; (2) Majority of communities remain historically marginalized and are not represented in the cabinet; (3) Gender parity in cabinet is hampered by strong cultural attitudes on gender roles and the low political influence of women as an electorate. Attitudes of male superiority were found to be prevalent and their leadership preferred; (4) that on average, although cabinet has highly educated members, most of them have not been professionally matched to their respective ministerial portfolio. The study findings could be of interest and benefit to policy makers towards understanding and creating policies guiding organization and structure of government. Ethnicity being a significant feature of Kenyan politics we propose cultivation of diversity towards ‘real’ inclusivity by equitable national resource distribution.