bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Incident Hypertension in Multi-Racial/Ethnic Women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation
Authors: Ding Ning , Karvonen-Gutierrez Carrie A. , Mukherjee Bhramar , Calafat Antonia M. , Harlow Siobán D. , Park Sung Kyun 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous synthetic chemicals that may disrupt blood pressure controls; however, human evidence to support this hypothesis is scant. We examined the association between serum concentrations of PFAS and risks of developing hypertension.

Methods:
This study included 1058 midlife women initially free of hypertension from the multiracial and multiethnic SWAN (Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation) with annual follow-up visits between 1999 and 2017. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg systolic or ≥90 mm Hg diastolic or receiving antihypertensive treatment. Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to calculate hazard ratios and 95% CIs. Quantile g-computation was implemented to evaluate the joint effect of PFAS mixtures.

Results:

During 11 722 person-years of follow-up, 470 participants developed incident hypertension (40.1 cases per 1000 person-years). Compared with the lowest tertile, women in the highest tertile of baseline serum concentrations had adjusted hazard ratios of 1.42 (95% CI, 1.19–1.68) for perfluorooctane sulfonate (
P
trend=0.01), 1.47 (95% CI, 1.24–1.75) for linear perfluorooctanoate (
P
trend=0.01), and 1.42 (95% CI, 1.19–1.70) for 2-(N-ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) acetate (
P
trend=0.01). No significant associations were observed for perfluorononanoate and perfluorohexane sulfonate. In the mixture analysis, women in the highest tertile of overall PFAS concentrations had a hazard ratio of 1.71 (95% CI, 1.15–2.54;
P
trend=0.008), compared with those in the lowest tertile.

Conclusions:
Several PFAS showed positive associations with incident hypertension. These findings suggest that PFAS might be an underappreciated contributing factor to women’s cardiovascular disease risk.
Age and Blood Pressure Contribute to Aortic Cell and Tissue Stiffness Through Distinct Mechanisms
Authors: Ma Ben , Melton Elaina , Wiener Robert , Zhou Ning , Wu Wenqian , Lai Lo , Wang Charles , Costa Kevin D. , Qiu Hongyu 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Aortic stiffening is strongly associated with both aging and hypertension, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that aging-induced aortic stiffness is mediated by a mechanism differing from hypertension.

Methods:
We conducted comprehensive in vivo and in vitro experiments using multiple rat models to dissect the different mechanisms of aortic stiffening mediated by aging and hypertension.

Results:
A time-course study in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) normotensive rats showed more pronounced aging-associated aortic stiffening in SHR versus WKY. Angiotensin II–induced hypertension was associated with more significant aortic stiffening in older versus young WKY rats. Hypertension aggravated aging effects on aortic wall thickness and extracellular matrix content, indicating combinational effects of aging and hypertension on aortic stiffening. Intrinsic stiffness of isolated aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) increased with age in WKY rats, although no significant difference between older SHR and older WKY VSMCs was observed in 2-dimensional culture, reconstituted 3-dimensional tissues were stiffer for older SHR versus older WKY. A selective inhibitor that reduced hypertension-mediated aortic stiffening did not decrease age-related stiffening in aortic VSMCs and aortic wall. Integrin β1 and SM22 (smooth muscle–specific SM22 protein) expression were negligibly changed in WKY VSMCs during aging but were markedly increased by hypertension in older versus young WKY VSMCs. A notable shift of filamin isoforms from B to A was detected in older WKY VSMCs.

Conclusions:
Our results indicate distinct mechanisms mediating aging-associated aortic VSMC and vessel stiffness, providing new insights into aortic stiffening and the pathogenesis of hypertension in the elderly.
Lipidomic Signatures of Dairy Consumption and Associated Changes in Blood Pressure and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Chinese Adults
Authors: Yun Huan , Sun Liang , Wu Qingqing , Luo Yaogan , Qi Qibin , Li Huaixing , Gu Weiqiong , Wang Jiqiu , Ning Guang , Zeng Rong , Zong Geng , Lin Xu 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Omics data may provide a unique opportunity to discover dairy-related biomarkers and their linked cardiovascular health.

Methods:
Dairy-related lipidomic signatures were discovered in baseline data from a Chinese cohort study (n=2140) and replicated in another Chinese study (n=212). Dairy intake was estimated by a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Lipidomics was profiled by high-coverage liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Associations of dairy-related lipids with 6-year changes in cardiovascular risk factors were examined in the discovery cohort, and their causalities were analyzed by 2-sample Mendelian randomization using available genome-wide summary data.

Results:

Of 350 lipid metabolites, 4 sphingomyelins, namely sphingomyelin (OH) C32:2, sphingomyelin C32:1, sphingomyelin (2OH) C30:2, and sphingomyelin (OH) C38:2, were identified and replicated to be positively associated with total dairy consumption (β=0.130 to 0.148;
P
<1.43×10
−4
), but not or weakly with nondairy food items. The score of 4 sphingomyelins showed inverse associations with 6-year changes in systolic (−2.68 [95% CI, −4.92 to −0.43];
P
=0.019), diastolic blood pressures (−1.86 [95% CI, −3.12 to −0.61];
P
=0.004), and fasting glucose (−0.25 [95% CI, −0.41 to −0.08];
P
=0.003). Mendelian randomization analyses further revealed that genetically inferred sphingomyelin (OH) C32:2 was inversely associated with systolic (−0.57 [95% CI, −0.85 to −0.28];
P
=9.16×10
−5
) and diastolic blood pressures (−0.39 [95% CI, −0.59 to −0.20];
P
=7.09×10
−5
).

Conclusions:
The beneficial effects of dairy products on cardiovascular health might be mediated through specific sphingomyelins among Chinese with overall low dairy consumption.
Markers of Focal and Diffuse Nonischemic Myocardial Fibrosis Are Associated With Adverse Cardiac Remodeling and Prognosis in Patients With Hypertension: The REMODEL Study
Authors: Iyer Nithin R. , Le Thu-Thao , Kui Michelle S.L. , Tang Hak-Chiaw , Chin Chee-Tang , Phua Soon-Kieng , Bryant Jennifer A. , Pua Chee-Jian , Ang Briana , Toh Desiree-Faye , Aw Tar-Choon , Lee Chi-Hang , Cook Stuart A. , Ugander Martin , Chin Calvin W.L. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The prognostic significance of focal and diffuse myocardial fibrosis in patients with cardiovascular risk factors is unclear.

Methods:
REMODEL (Response of the Myocardium to Hypertrophic Conditions in the Adult Population) is an observational cohort of asymptomatic patients with essential hypertension. All participants underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance to assess for myocardial fibrosis: nonischemic late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), native myocardial T1, postcontrast myocardial T1, extracellular volume fraction including/excluding LGE regions, interstitial volume (extracellular volume×myocardial volume), and interstitial/myocyte ratio. Primary outcome was a composite of first occurrence acute coronary syndrome, heart failure hospitalization, strokes, and cardiovascular mortality. Patients were recruited from February 2016 and followed until June 2021.

Results:

Of the 786 patients with hypertension (58±11 years; 39% women; systolic blood pressure, 130±14 mm Hg), 145 (18%) had nonischemic LGE. Patients with nonischemic LGE were more likely to be men, have diabetes, be current smokers, and have higher blood pressure (
P
<0.05 for all). Compared with those without LGE, patients with nonischemic LGE had greater left ventricular mass (66±22 versus 49±9 g/m
2
;
P
<0.001), worse multidirectional strain (
P
<0.001 for all measures), and elevated circulating markers of myocardial wall stress and myocardial injury, adjusted for potential confounders. Twenty-four patients had primary outcome over 39 (30–50) months of follow-up. Of all the cardiovascular magnetic resonance markers of myocardial fibrosis assessed, only nonischemic LGE (hazard ratio, 6.69 [95% CI, 2.54–17.60];
P
<0.001) and indexed interstitial volume (hazard ratio, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.04–1.19];
P
=0.002) demonstrated independent association with primary outcome.

Conclusions:
In patients with hypertension, myocardial fibrosis on cardiovascular magnetic resonance is associated with adverse cardiac remodeling and outcomes.
Effects of Ramipril on Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation in Hypertensive Children on Maintenance Hemodialysis: the SEARCH Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Ateya Areej Mohamed , El Hakim Ihab , Shahin Sara Mahmoud , El Borolossy Radwa , Kreutz Reinhold , Sabri Nagwa Ali 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in end-stage kidney disease. We evaluated the effects of ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibition on biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in hypertensive children with end-stage kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis.

Methods:
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 135 (72 males/63 females) children and adolescents (age 7–15 years) were randomly assigned to treatment with either 2.5 mg once daily ramipril (n=68) or placebo (n=67) for 16 weeks. Primary outcome were the serum concentrations of asymmetrical dimethylarginine, a marker of endothelial dysfunction and hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), a marker of inflammation. Changes in IL-6 (interleukin-6), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha), systolic (S), and diastolic (D) blood pressure were secondary outcomes. Change in potassium levels and incidence of hyperkalemia were among the safety parameters.

Results:

Ramipril, but not placebo, significantly reduced serum levels of asymmetrical dimethylarginine (−79.6%;
P
<0.001), hs-CRP (−46.5%;
P
<0.001), IL-6 (−27.1%;
P
<0.001), and TNF-α (−51.7%;
P
<0.001). Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lowered in both groups with a greater reduction in children receiving ramipril (median between-group differences −12.0 [95% CI −18.0 to −9.5] and −9.0 [95% CI −12.0 to −4.5];
P
<0.001, respectively). Changes in asymmetrical dimethylarginine, hs-CRP, IL-6, or TNF-α in the ramipril group did not significantly correlate with blood pressure reductions. No severe cases of hyperkalemia or other serious treatment-associated adverse events were observed.

Conclusions:
Ramipril improves biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in hypertensive children on maintenance hemodialysis in addition to its efficacious and safe potential to lower blood pressure.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04582097.
Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect: Past, Present, and Futures
Authors: Peak Thomas , Laderman Charlie , Jacob Cecilia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This short article introduces the Special Issue on Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect. The purpose of this special issue is to prompt a conversation across historical and contemporary approaches, with a global perspective, to the question of intervention. It considers how the past informs the present and reflects on multiple ‘futures’ of intervention in the context of R2P.
Crossmodal Correspondence between Music and Ambient Color Is Mediated by Emotion
Authors: Hauck Pia , von Castell Christoph , Hecht Heiko 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The quality of a concert hall primarily depends on its acoustics. But does visual input also have an impact on musical enjoyment? Does the color of ambient lighting modulate the perceived music quality? And are certain colors perceived to fit better than others with a given music piece? To address these questions, we performed three within-subjects experiments. We carried out two pretests to select four music pieces differing in tonality and genre, and 14 lighting conditions of varying hue, brightness, and saturation. In the main experiment, we applied a fully crossed repeated-measures design. Under each of the four lighting conditions, participants rated the musical variables ‘Harmonic’, ‘Powerful’, ‘Gloomy’, ‘Lively’ and overall liking of the music pieces, as well as the perceived fit of music and lighting. Subsequently, participants evaluated music and lighting separately by rating the same variables as before, as well as their emotional impact (valence, arousal, dominance). We found that music and lighting being similarly rated in terms of valence and arousal in the unimodal conditions were judged to match better when presented together. Accordingly, tonal (atonal) music was rated to fit better with weakly saturated (highly saturated) colors. Moreover, some characteristics of the lighting were carried over to music. That is, just as red lighting was rated as more powerful than green and blue lighting, music was evaluated to be more powerful under red compared to green and blue lighting. We conclude that listening to music is a multisensory process enriched by impressions from the visual domain.
Choosing a Catholic Primary School: Tracing Lived Catholicism Among Young Parents
Authors: Elshof Toke 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In Catholic education, three partners collaborate in the education of the next generation: parents, school and church. Since Vatican ii, this cooperation is focused on an integral education that comprises the whole human being, that takes shape in an evangelically inspired school climate which partakes in the mission of the church. Post-conciliar documents of the Congregation of Catholic Education recognise the fading of parental participation, relating this decline to secularisation within multiple worldwide societal developments. In the congregational texts however, the parental voice is barely heard. This article provides insight into that space. Based on qualitive research among parents with children attending Catholic primary schools in the strongly secularised Netherlands, it clarifies the challenges that young parents meet, how these affect the perspectives of Catholic and non-Catholic parents on Catholic education and how the parental religious and secularised backgrounds influence their vision on Catholic-educational partnership.
Who is right? A Lived Catholicism Study of the Mass-Going of Catholic Teenagers
Authors: Baigent Avril 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Lived Catholicism proposes a new way to study being Catholic. Through a focus on individual experiences and practices, it seeks to unpack ‘what sorts of people those who are baptised Catholic are becoming through their ordinary practices’.1 Although many studies of Catholicism tell us what Catholics practice and believe, far fewer tell us why. This study of the Lived Catholicism of teenagers in the UK will explore what motivates them to go to Mass, how the Mass going relates to their wider Catholicity, and the surprising gaps that emerge. Connecting these experiences to those of previous generations shows how the methods of Lived Catholicism can begin to answer questions not previously asked.
Blending Catholicism with Chi, Chakras and Crystals
Authors: Kieran Patricia M. , Mullally Aiveen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article presents the findings of a two-year research project investigating four hundred third-level Initial Teacher Education (ite) students’ perceptions of the religiously unaffiliated in Ireland. The research was undertaken in two Third Level Catholic colleges of education in the Republic of Ireland (roi). A brief overview of some contemporary cultural, educational and ecclesial factors impacting on participants’ lived experiences and perceptions of Catholicism is provided. Irish society is changing rapidly and the religiously unaffiliated are the fastest growing belief group in the 2016 Census (cso 2016). A major part of the research focuses on the religious or belief affiliation of the sample group. It explores how participants’ personal religious and convictional perspectives impact on their own lives as well as their understandings of their future professional roles as educators in Ireland’s primary school system. Drawing on the research survey and interview data the article explores participants’ belief fluidity which blends belief in Roman Catholicism with belief in crystals, chakras, reincarnation, gods, and magic among others. The researchers analyses what these findings might reveal about lived Catholicism in the contemporary Irish context.
Martin Luther King, Jr.’s Usage of the Concepts of Children of God and imago Dei as a Theological Foundation of Equality, Human Dignity and Human Rights
Authors: Haspel Michael 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Martin Luther King, Jr. employs different theological concepts to substantiate equality and dignity of all human beings. Among these, the metaphors “children of God” and “image of God” feature prominently. While the children of God-concept is used widely in the African American religious and theological tradition, the occurrences of imago Dei are rather scarce in the generation of King and his teachers. This article reconstructs the usage of the concept of children of God – which is used in the New Testament context and thus often in orthodox Protestantism exclusively – as an inclusive universal anthropological concept in the Black religious tradition and its reception as well as adaptation in King’s own work. With regard to the theologoumenon of image of God, we will see that King starts to apply it differently beginning in the early 1960s, now explicitly using it as a foundation of human dignity and worth, and respectively, human rights. In many interpretations of King’s writings, it is overlooked that the usage of the imago Dei-concept was not at all common at this time. Sometimes the metaphor is retrojected in parts of King’s work, where it is not employed as a foundation of dignity. It is also not totally clear why King alters his theological argument at this time, but it is very likely that it is related to his exchange with George Kelsey and Abraham Heschel, who both employ the term as the basis for equality and dignity during this period. This development in King’s theology is an important step forward since in mainstream Protestant theology this development does not take place until one or two decades later.
Reducing Big Data to Principal Components for Position-Specific Futsal Training
Authors: Rico-González Markel , Illa Jordi , Nakamura Fabio Yuzo , Pino-Ortega José 
Published: July 2022

Since training/competition loads must be quickly assessed and interpreted to inform exercise prescription, big data should be simplified through multivariate data analysis. Our aim in the present research was to highlight which variables from big data analyses provided the most relevant information for describing the behavior of top-level futsal players in their different playing positions (i.e., goalkeeper, defenders, wingers, and forwards). We collected data from four top-level Spanish teams that participated in the final rounds of a national tournament. Through principal component analysis (PCA) we grouped 6–9 variables in 3–4 PCs that explained 62–81% of total variance, depending on playing positions. The most relevant variables explaining goalkeepers’ performance were accelerations per minute, maximum acceleration (m/s2), 5–8 impacts per minute, and < 3 takeoffs per minute. Defenders’ behavior was best explained by absolute distance covered from 6-12 km/h (m/min) and from 18-21 km/h (m/min), from 5-8 landings per minute, and > 8 landings per minute. Wingers’ and pivots’ performances were mainly explained by accelerations and decelerations, together with a high level of aerobic endurance (especially for wingers). These findings allow for individualized training and game analysis.
“We Don’t Live In Jungles”: Mediating Africa as a Transnational Socio-Spatial Field
Authors: Schmidt Sandra J. 
Published: July 2022

Background/Context: Amid rising immigration from the African continent to the United States, researchers have begun to explore the transnational identities and networks of African immigrants. There is a small body of literature about whether educational supports for immigrant youth are differentiated to address the particularities of African immigrant youth. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study: Transnational theories presume that subjects use social networks to connect home and diaspora. They are encountering both perceived and lived social spaces to navigate belonging in and across space. This study asks, “How do youth from the African continent mediate transnational belonging in NYC?” Studying the experiences of youth has implications for the curricular and extracurricular spaces of schools wherein newcomer youth navigate how to belong in the diaspora. Population/Participants/Subjects: Research participants are 19 newcomer African youth from Centrafrique, Cote d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Guinea, Mauritania, Niger, and Senegal. Most of the youth are multilingual and speak French and English as third or fourth languages. Research Design: This qualitative study draws from participatory action research and visual methods. The study was conducted with Sankofa Club, a weekly afterschool student-led club. In the club, students responded to stereotypes by producing websites about the continent and carrying out research within the club to compare their homes and share their migration stories. Findings/Results: The article presents “Africa” as a Mediated Transnational Space, produced by hegemonic structures, that youth mediate as they connect homes. The study finds that youth wrestled with their identification as African. It reexamines transnationalism and positions Africa as a social field through which youth are produced (come to be) as African subjects, redress their belonging to that field by contributing their own symbols and experiences, and use it as they navigate an Africa-in-NYC that does not adhere to continental boundaries. Conclusions/Recommendations: Educators can support the belonging to home, Africa, and the United States by representing Africa as a generative space in curriculum and social practices.
Prevalence of and factors associated with sarcopenia among elderly individuals with hypertension
Authors: Xing Enwang , Wan Chunxiao 
Published: July 2022

Purpose Sarcopenia is a major health problem in community-dwelling elderly individuals. Hypertension is postulated to aggravate sarcopenia. The present study was performed to estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with sarcopenia among elderly individuals with hypertension. Methods This study involved 165 Chinese individuals with hypertension aged ≥60 years who were evaluated for sarcopenia using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. Data on their sociodemographic information, physical illnesses, and clinical and functional status were collected. Results The overall prevalence of sarcopenia among elderly individuals with hypertension was 20.2%. The factors significantly associated with sarcopenia were an age of ≥70 years (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 3.01; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17–5.39), diabetes (OR, 4.45; 95% CI, 1.32–11.16), osteoporosis (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.13–5.37), drinking (OR, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.26–7.85), and a body mass index of 24.0 to 27.9 kg/m2 (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59–0.91). Conclusions This study revealed a very high prevalence of sarcopenia among elderly individuals with hypertension (20.2%). Sarcopenia may be associated with advanced age, drinking, diabetes, the body mass index, and osteoporosis. The longitudinal relationship between clinic visits and sarcopenia should be further evaluated.