bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Output Photodetector by Microlithographic Mono‐Layer MoS2 for Image Sensor
Authors: Chen Long , Zang Lingyu , Wu Jinchao , Tan Dongchen , Li Zixing , Song Jinhui , Jiang Chengming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDue to the unique structure and properties, the 2D transition metal dichalcogenides attract extensive research interest. Especially, the 2D MoS2 film with high photoelectric response makes important research progress in the field of the photodetection and image sensing. However, at present, most of the 2D material image sensors are passive pixel structures, and the interfering noise of the external readout circuit can easily lead to a decrease in the actual detection rate of the sensors. Here, a microlithographic Y‐MoS2 photodetector, which integrates three identical MoS2 photosensitive units by micro‐lithographing a mono‐layer MoS2, is reported. Compared with the MoS2 photodetector with only one photosensitive unit, the Y‐MoS2 photodetector has the stronger output and anti‐noise ability. In the image sensing test, the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) of output images are increased by ≈1.9 and 3 times, respectively. It provides a certain reference for the preparation of high‐output 2D material photodetectors by microlithography.
Direct Laser Writing of Multishaped VO2 Microactuators Based on Freestanding VO2 Film
Authors: Li Yuan , Ma He , Tang Fawei , Li Chenyu , Wang Bolun , Song Xiaoyan , Liu Kai , Zhang Xinping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMicroactuators that convert external stimuli such as heat, light, current, and magnetic field into mechanical motion are essential components in microelectro‐mechanical systems. To date, microactuators have been fabricated mainly using conventional microfabrication technologies and inorganic thin films, but although such technologies facilitate the mass production of microdevices, they are expensive and lack flexibility when either preparing only a few devices or facing special needs. Laser‐direct‐writing is an effective complement to microfabrication, but is seldom used in the construction of inorganic microactuators. In this work, a laser‐direct‐writing technique on the freestanding vanadium dioxide (VO2) film for fabricating microactuators with arbitrary shapes is developed. The precision of the laser direct writing attained 2 µm under ultralow pulse energy of 52 pJ. The pulse energy is two orders of magnitude lower than that needed for patterning VO2 film and other semiconductor materials on substrates. The overall performance of the resulting VO2 microactuators is comparable with that of those fabricated by conventional microfabrication technologies, but the fabricating efficiency and flexibility are increased. Such a fabrication strategy can also be used to fabricate other smart microdevices, such as strain sensors and photodetectors.
A Transparent to Dark Non‐Complementary Electrochromic Device Based on Al3+ Guest Ions with TMTU/TMFDS2+ Redox Couple for Robust Stability
Authors: Wang Zitao , Xie Haiyi , Sheng Kai , Khalifa Mahmoud A. , Zeng Zhiqiang , Zheng Jianming , Xu Chunye 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAl3+‐based electrochromic devices (ECDs) are expected to substitute Li+‐based ECDs as the next‐generation smart windows options. Compared to Li+, Al3+ possess large quantities in the earth and safety, while the smaller ionic radius and three‐electron redox mechanism can break the capacity bottleneck of inorganic electrochromic materials (ECM). However, limited by the strong electrostatic interaction between Al3+ with ECM and the lack of matching counter electrodes, the research on Al3+ is still focused on three‐electrode system without applications in ECDs. Different from conventional complementary structure, the ECM/redox/CCE (catalytic counter electrode) structure is introduced to enhance the kinetics (from 1.56 × 10−11 to 9.45 × 10−11 cm2 s−1) of the Al3+ intercalation/extraction process. Based on this structure, Al3+‐based ECDs achieve a series of excellent properties: a) almost total absorption of visible and near‐infrared waveband (T500–1500 nm ≈0%) under −1.0 V; b) ultra‐low driving voltage (53% transmittance modulation under −0.1 V); c) excellent memory effect with the presence of redox couple; d) wide range of color modulation capability (yellow, green, blue, and black); e) outstanding energy efficiency. Moreover, the possibility of Na+ as an alternative to Li+ is also verified and Na+‐based ECDs exhibit comparable electrochromic properties to Li+‐based ECDs.
Efficient Light‐Emitting Diodes via Hydrogen Bonding Induced Phase Modulation in Quasi‐2D Perovskites
Authors: Zhuang Lyuchao , Wei Qi , Li Chuanzhao , Ren Hui , Li Yanyong , Shi Fangyi , Zhai Lingling , Leng Kai , Li Mingjie , Lau Shu Ping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractQuasi‐2D perovskites have drawn considerable attention in light‐emitting diodes due to their tunable energy landscape, efficient luminescence, and structural diversity. However, the excessive formation of low‐n (n ≤ 2) phases leads to lower carrier injection efficiency arising from the large injection barrier. Meanwhile, inefficient energy transfer caused by undesirable phases distribution results in multipeak emission. In this study, polar anti‐solvent is used that can interact with spacer cations via strong hydrogen bonding, tailoring phases distribution to address the issue. The ethyl acetate treatment induces preferential growth of large‐n phases and enhances energy transfer due to the strong hydrogen bonding energy ≈ −17 kcal mol−1. Leveraging these insights, efficient sky‐blue and green perovskite light‐emitting diodes are developed with improved external quantum efficiency ranging from 4.21% to 8.77%. The anti‐solvent treatment can open up a new avenue to regulate the phase distribution for an efficient energy funnel effect.
Frustrated Lewis Pair‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Nitriles: FLP Versus Borenium Catalysis
Authors: Sieland Benedikt , Hoppe Axel , Stepen Arne J. , Paradies Jan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA frustrated Lewis pair‐catalyzed hydroboration of aromatic and aliphatic nitriles was developed. The catalyst provides the primary amines in high yields of 77–99% with catalyst loading as low as 2 mol%. The reaction displays high functional group tolerance towards esters, amides, nitro groups and aliphatic halides. The addition of the diborylated amines to ethyl 3‐phenylpropiolate proceeds with Z‐selectivity with d.r. of >99:1 in 77–90% yield over two steps. The reaction mechanism was investigated by control and computational experiments.magnified image
Succinylation Inhibits the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of the Extracellular Matrix Protein Fibrillin 1 and Promotes Gastric Cancer Progression
Authors: Wang Xingyun , Shi Xiao , Lu Hongcheng , Zhang Chen , Li Xiang , Zhang Tiancheng , Shen Jiajia , Wen Jianfei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is crucial in the regulation of gastric cancer (GC) progression. This work aims to reveal novel posttranslational modifications and their relevant mechanisms in GC. In 3D matrix culture and animal models, it is found that fibrillin 1 (FBN1) expression is increased in advanced GC and has succinylation modification. The succinylation modification of FBN1 blocks its degradation by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The long‐term accumulation and deposition of FBN1 enhance tumor progression by activating TGF‐β1 and intracellular PI3K/Akt pathway. The FBN1 succinylation site monoclonal antibody can effectively intervene the effect of succinylation modification and inhibit GC progression. FBN1 is specifically upregulated in the progression of GC compared with other tumors. In conclusion, FBN1 is widely present in the form of K672‐succinylated modifications in GC. Besides, the succinyl group of FBN1 blocks its binding to MMP2, inhibits its degradation by MMP2, and leads to the accumulation of FBN1, which poses a long‐term risk to the poor prognosis of GC.
Tuning the Size of Large Dense‐Core Vesicles and Quantal Neurotransmitter Release via Secretogranin II Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation
Authors: Lin Zhaohan , Li Yinglin , Hang Yuqi , Wang Changhe , Liu Bing , Li Jie , Yin Lili , Jiang Xiaohan , Du Xingyu , Qiao Zhongjun , Zhu Feipeng , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Quanfeng , Zhou Zhuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLarge dense‐core vesicles (LDCVs) are larger in volume than synaptic vesicles, and are filled with multiple neuropeptides, hormones, and neurotransmitters that participate in various physiological processes. However, little is known about the mechanism determining the size of LDCVs. Here, it is reported that secretogranin II (SgII), a vesicle matrix protein, contributes to LDCV size regulation through its liquid–liquid phase separation in neuroendocrine cells. First, SgII undergoes pH‐dependent polymerization and the polymerized SgII forms phase droplets with Ca2+ in vitro and in vivo. Further, the Ca2+‐induced SgII droplets recruit reconstituted bio‐lipids, mimicking the LDCVs biogenesis. In addition, SgII knockdown leads to significant decrease of the quantal neurotransmitter release by affecting LDCV size, which is differently rescued by SgII truncations with different degrees of phase separation. In conclusion, it is shown that SgII is a unique intravesicular matrix protein undergoing liquid–liquid phase separation, and present novel insights into how SgII determines LDCV size and the quantal neurotransmitter release.
Glutathione Pulse Therapy: Promote Spatiotemporal Delivery of Reduction‐Sensitive Nanoparticles at the “Cellular Level” and Synergize PD‐1 Blockade Therapy
Authors: Dong Songtao , Zhang Yuan , Guo Xiangnan , Zhang Chuang , Wang Zhaomeng , Yu Jiang , Liu Yubo , Li Chang , Hu Yuting , Sun Bingjun , Sun Mengchi , Zhang Haotian , Ouyang Defang , He Zhonggui , Wang Yongjun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpatiotemporal delivery of nanoparticles (NPs) at the “cellular level” is critical for nanomedicine, which is expected to deliver as much cytotoxic drug into cancer cells as possible when NPs accumulate in tumors. However, macrophages and cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that are present within tumors limit the efficiency of spatiotemporal delivery. To overcome this limitation, glutathion pulse therapy is designed to promote reduction‐sensitive Larotaxel (LTX) prodrug NPs to escape the phagocytosis of macrophages and penetrate through the stromal barrier established by CAFs in the murine triple negative breast cancer model. This therapy improves the penetration of NPs in tumor tissues as well as the accumulation of LTX in cancer cells, and remodels the immunosuppressive microenvironment to synergize PD‐1 blockade therapy. More importantly, a method is established that can directly observe the biodistribution of NPs between different cells in vivo to accurately quantify the target drugs accumulated in these cells, thereby advancing the spatiotemporal delivery research of NPs at the “cellular level.”
Smart Internal Bio‐Glues
Authors: Zhang Hengjie , Zhang Jianhua , Peng Xu , Li Zhan , Bai Wanjie , Wang Tianyou , Gu Zhipeng , Li Yiwen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlthough smart bio‐glues have been well documented, the development of internal bio‐glues for non‐invasive or minimally invasive surgery is still met with profound challenges such as safety risk and the lack of deep tissue penetration stimuli for internal usage. Herein, a series of smart internal bio‐glues are developed via the integration of o‐nitrobenzene modified biopolymers with up‐conversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). Upon irradiation by near‐infrared (NIR) light, the prepared smart bio‐glues can undergo a gelation process, which may further induce strong adhesion between tissues under both dry and wet conditions based on multi‐interactions. Moreover, those NIR light‐responsive bio‐glues with deeper tissue penetration ability demonstrate good biocompatibility, excellent hemostatic performance, and the potent ability to accelerate wound healing for both external and internal wounds. This work provides new opportunities for minimally invasive surgery, especially in internal wound healing using smart and robust bio‐glues.
Restraining the Octahedron Collapse in Lithium and Manganese Rich NCM Cathode toward Suppressing Structure Transformation
Authors: Xu Zhou , Guo Xingzhong , Wang JunZhang , Yuan Yifei , Sun Qing , Tian Rui , Yang Hui , Lu Jun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLithium and manganese rich nickel cobalt manganese oxide (LMRNCM), as an attractive high energy density cathode for advanced lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), suffers from inevitable lattice oxygen release, irreversible transition metal (TM) ion migration, and interface side reactions at high charge cut‐off voltage. Herein, a facile and efficient surface strategy is proposed to stabilize the layered structure by regulating the chemical bond interaction between the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) binder and the LMRNCM particles. Due to the high retention of discharge specific capacity and average discharge voltage, the energy density retention of the PAN‐modified LMRNCM sample is up to 80.12% after 300 cycles at 100 mA g−1 current density, and the initial Coulombic efficiency and rate capacity are also improved simultaneously. Experimental and density functional theory evidence demonstrates that the exceptional performance is caused by the coordination bond interaction between the carbon‐nitrogen‐triple‐bond of PAN and the TM ion in the unstable transition metal oxygen octahedron. The interaction suppresses the irreversible migration of TM ions by increasing the energy barrier, and ensures that the PAN adheres to the LMRNCM particles tightly, which relieves electrolyte corrosion and enhances cohesiveness. This work exploits a modification strategy to stabilize the LMRNCM‐layered structure for high‐energy density LIB applications.
Elevated exposures to respirable crystalline silica among engineered stone fabrication workers in California, January 2019–February 2020
Authors: Surasi Krishna , Ballen Brittany , Weinberg Justine L. , Materna Barbara L. , Harrison Robert , Cummings Kristin J. , Heinzerling Amy 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundWorkers fabricating engineered stone face high risk for exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) and subsequent development of silicosis. In response, the California Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) performed targeted enforcement inspections at engineered stone fabrication worksites. We investigated RCS exposures and employer adherence to Cal/OSHA's RCS and respiratory protection standards from these inspections to assess ongoing risk to stone fabrication workers.MethodsWe extracted employee personal air sampling results from Cal/OSHA inspection files and calculated RCS exposures. Standards require that employers continue monitoring employee RCS exposures and perform medical surveillance when exposures are at or above the action level (AL; 25 μg/m3); exposures above the permissible exposure limit (PEL; 50 μg/m3) are prohibited. We obtained RCS and respiratory protection standard violation citations from a federal database.ResultsWe analyzed RCS exposures for 152 employees at 47 workplaces. Thirty‐eight (25%) employees had exposures above the PEL (median = 89.7 μg/m3; range = 50.7–670.7 μg/m3); 17 (11%) had exposures between the AL and PEL. Twenty‐four (51%) workplaces had ≥1 exposure above the PEL; 7 (15%) had ≥1 exposure between the AL and PEL. Thirty‐four (72%) workplaces were cited for ≥1 RCS standard violation. Twenty‐seven (57%) workplaces were cited for ≥1 respiratory protection standard violation.ConclusionsOur investigation demonstrates widespread RCS overexposure among workers and numerous employer Cal/OSHA standard violation citations. More enforcement and educational efforts could improve employer compliance with Cal/OSHA standards and inform employers and employees of the risks for RCS exposure and strategies for reducing exposure.
Neurodevelopmental functioning in probands and non‐proband carriers of 22q11.2 microduplication
Authors: Drmic Irene E. , MacKinnon Modi Bonnie , McConnell Beth , Jilderda Sanne , Hoang Ny , Noor Abdul , Bassett Anne S. , Speevak Marsha , Stavropoulos Dimitri J. , Carter Melissa T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMicroduplication of the LCR22‐A to LCR22‐D region on chromosome 22q11.2 is a recurrent copy number variant found in clinical populations undergoing chromosomal microarray, and at lower frequency in controls. Often inherited, there is limited data on intellectual (IQ) and psychological functioning, particularly in those individuals ascertained through a family member rather than because of neurodevelopmental disorders. To investigate the range of cognitive‐behavioral phenotypes associated with 22q11.2 duplication, we studied both probands and their non‐proband carrier relatives. Twenty‐two individuals with 22q11.2 duplication (10 probands, 12 non‐proband carriers) were prospectively assessed with a battery of neuropsychological tests, physical examination, and medical record review. Assessment measures with standardized norms included IQ, academic, adaptive, psychiatric, behavioral, and social functioning. IQ and academic skills were within the average range, with a trend toward lower scores in probands versus non‐probands. Adaptive skills were within age expectations. Prevalence of attention deficits (probands only) and anxiety (both groups) was high compared with norms. The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder was relatively low (5% of total sample). Assessment of both probands and non‐probands with 22q11.2 duplication suggests that the phenotypic spectrum with respect to neurodevelopment overlaps significantly with the general population. IQ and academic abilities are in the average range for most of the individuals with 22q11.2 duplication in our study, regardless of ascertainment as a proband or non‐proband relative. Symptoms of attention deficit and anxiety were identified, which require further study. Results of this study further clarify the phenotype of individuals with 22q11.2 duplication, and provides important information for genetic counseling regarding this recurrent copy number variant.
In‐situ Synthesis of Ionic Liquids on B‐doped Mesoporous SiO2 Catalyst for Epoxide‐CO2 Cycloaddition
Authors: Ye Yifei , Chen Yanglin , Huang Junzhe , Sun Jianmin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA series of functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) immobilized on B‐doped mesoporous SiO2 catalysts were fabricated for effectively converting CO2 into cyclic carbonates under metal‐absent and cocatalyst‐free conditions. Functionalized imidazolium ILs were in‐situ synthesized by Debus‐Rdziszewski imidazole reaction. Among the prepared catalysts, 5B−SiO2−NH2−3−I catalyst owing to the synergistic effects of nucleophile, Lewis acid‐base and hydroxyl hydrogen bond donors in the catalyst, presented the better catalytic activity for propylene epoxide to the product of propylene carbonate with 99% yield and selectivity at 110 °C and 2 MPa CO2. The catalyst also displayed moderate yield for various mono‐substituent epoxides. Besides, the gradual decline in the product yield during consecutive runs could be easily refreshed by aqueous acidic solution washing.
Environmentally Benign Transamidation Protocol for Weakly Nucleophilic Aromatic Amines with N‐Acyl‐2‐piperidinones: Catalyst‐, Additive‐, Base‐ and Solvent‐Free Condition
Authors: Rajan Ida Angel Priya Samuel , Subramani Muthuraman , Pushparathinam Gopinath , Rajendran Saravanakumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTransamidation of weakly nucleophilic aromatic amines is achieved under melt conditions and in absence of catalyst, activating agent, base, and solvent. Chemoselectivity of the protocol is demonstrated with transamidation of aniline‐bearing protic carboxylic acid group and wide range of anilines. Broad applicability of the process is demonstrated with the synthesis of bioactive natural product amide, Avenanthranamide‐A. By‐product was isolated for re‐use in synthesis of starting amide, manifests atom economy, and sustainability of the protocol. Thus, our findings imply that the developed protocol is environmentally benign, operationally simple yet versatile for protection‐deprotection free synthesis of amides, peptides and amide‐based drugs.
Demographic changes in an Atlantic Forest primate community following a yellow fever outbreak
Authors: Possamai Carla B. , Rodrigues de Melo Fabiano , Mendes Sérgio Lucena , Strier Karen B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe investigated demographic changes in three primate species (Alouatta guariba,Sapajus nigritus, andCallithrix flaviceps) at the Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural–Feliciano Miguel Abdala, Caratinga, Minas Gerais, Brazil, following a yellow fever outbreak (YFO) by comparing their population sizes before (2015) and after the outbreak (2017–2018), and by monitoring the size, composition, and reproductive status of groups from 2017 to 2021. Comparisons of pre‐ and post‐YFO census data indicate theA. guaribapopulation declined by 86.6%, from an estimated minimum of 522 individuals to 70 individuals. However, by October 2021, the population had grown to at least 86 individuals, with an adult sex ratio (N = 53) that was female‐biased (0.61). Eleven of the 13 groups being monitored systematically were reproductively active with high survivorship to 12 months of age.S. nigritusdeclined by 40%, from 377 to 226 individuals. The sex ratio of 33 adultS. nigritusis also female‐biased (0.71), and at least 8 of 15 groups being monitored are reproductively active.C. flavicepsdeclined by 80%, from 85 individuals to the 15–17 individuals observed from 2017 to 2021. The female‐biased adult sex ratio and presence of infants and juveniles in theA. guaribaandS. nigritusgroups are encouraging signs, but there is still great concern, especially forC. flaviceps.Continued monitoring of the demographics of these primates is needed as their persistence appears to still be at risk.