bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful rechallenge with clozapine after discontinuation due to drug‐induced pneumonia: A case report
Authors: Kikuchi Yuki , Komatsu Hiroshi , Sakuma Atsushi , Tanifuji Hiroaki , Tomita Hiroaki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere have been a limited number of case reports of clozapine‐induced pneumonia. Few have reported rechallenging of clozapine after discontinuation due to the side‐effect.Case PresentationA 43‐year‐old man was diagnosed with schizophrenia after developing auditory hallucinations and delusions of persecution and reference. After diagnosing him with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia, clozapine was started. From a starting dose of 12.5 mg/day, we increased it by 25 mg every 2–3 days to reach 150 mg/day by Day 15. On Day 17, his body temperature suddenly rose to 39.6°C (103.3°F) without any other apparent physical symptoms. Blood biochemistry testing showed elevated C‐reactive protein (CRP) and high counts of leukocytes and neutrophils, but not eosinophils. Chest computed tomography revealed ground‐glass opacities in the lower lobes of both lungs. Suspecting bacterial pneumonia, we started him on levofloxacin 500 mg/day. However, pneumonia exacerbated, and eosinophilia became apparent 5 days after the onset of fever. We suspected acute eosinophilic pneumonia induced by clozapine and discontinued its administration the same day. The patient clinically recovered the next day after stopping clozapine. After stopping clozapine, his psychiatric symptoms, such as persecutory/referential delusions, irritability, and polydipsia, became worse. We decided to rechallenge with clozapine in incremental doses slower than the standard protocol, along with careful monitoring of CRP and eosinophil counts. Pneumonia has not recurred, and his psychiatric symptoms have been well managed.ConclusionOur experience suggests that some patients with inflammatory reactions to clozapine can still take the drug if it is reintroduced with caution.
Mutual information analysis of mutation, nonlinearity, and triple interactions in proteins
Authors: Erman Burak 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMutations are the cause of several diseases as well as the underlying force of evolution. A thorough understanding of their biophysical consequences is essential. We present a computational framework for evaluating different levels of mutual information (MI) and its dependence on mutation. We used molecular dynamics trajectories of the third PDZ domain and its different mutations. Nonlinear MI between all residue pairs are calculated by tensor Hermite polynomials up to the fifth order and compared with results from multivariate Gaussian distribution of joint probabilities. We show that MI is written as the sum of a Gaussian and a nonlinear component. Results for the PDZ domain show that the Gaussian term gives a sufficiently accurate representation of MI when compared with nonlinear terms up to the fifth order. Changes in MI between residue pairs show the characteristic patterns resulting from specific mutations. Emergence of new peaks in the MI versus residue index plots of mutated PDZ shows how mutation may change allosteric pathways. Triple correlations are characterized by evaluating MI between triplets of residues. We observed that certain triplets are strongly affected by mutation. Susceptibility of residues to perturbation is obtained by MI and discussed in terms of linear response theory.
Antiviral modes of action of the novel compound GLY‐15 containing pyrimidine heterocycle and moroxydine skeleton against tobacco mosaic virus
Authors: Yu Miao , Liu He , Guo Longyu , Zhou Tao , Shan Yuhang , Xia Zihao , Li Xinghai , An Mengnan , Wu Yuanhua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPlant virus diseases are difficult to prevent and control, causing serious economic losses to the agricultural production world. To develop new pesticides with antiviral activity, a serial of compounds containing the structure of pyrimidine and moroxydine were synthesized, among which GLY‐15 exhibited good antiviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), while the mechanism of antiviral activity remains to be clarified.RESULTSGLY‐15 treatment significantly inhibited the formation of necrotic spots caused by TMV in Nicotiana glutinosa, and effectively suppressed the systemic transportation of TMV expressing a reporter gene (p35S‐30B:GFP) in N. benthamiana and markedly reduced the accumulation of a movement deficient TMV in plants as well as viral RNA accumulation in tobacco protoplasts. The results of RNA sequencing showed that GLY‐15 induced significant differential expression of genes or pathways involved in the stress response, defense response and signal transduction, phytohormone response and metabolism. Among them, real‐time quantitative PCR validated that the expression of 12 critical genes such as heat shock protein, receptor kinase, cell‐wall‐related protein, disease‐related protein and glucan endo‐1,3‐β‐glucosidase were significantly up‐regulated. In addition, GLY‐15 triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and induced the activity of several crucial defense related enzymes in plants. The results of molecular docking showed potential binding ability of GLY‐15 with TMV helicase and the coat protein.CONCLUSIONThis study provide valuable insights into antiviral mechanism of action for GLY‐15, which is expected to be applied as a pesticide for the management of plant viruses. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
The development of a convolutional neural network for the automatic detection of Northern Bobwhite Colinus virginianus covey calls
Authors: Nolan Victoria , Scott Chris , Yeiser John M. , Wilhite Nathan , Howell Paige E. , Ingram Dallas , Martin James A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPassive acoustic monitoring using Autonomous Recording Units (ARUs) is becoming a significant research tool for collecting large amounts of ecological data. Northern bobwhite Colinus virginianus is an economically important game bird whose declining populations are of conservation concern, so efforts to monitor bobwhite abundance using ARUs are being intensified. Yet, manual processing of ARU data is time consuming and often expensive, so developing automatic call detection methods is a key step in acoustic monitoring. We present here the first single species convolutional neural network (CNN) developed purely for automatic bobwhite covey call identification and classification. We demonstrate the value of meaningful data augmentation by including non‐target calls and background noise into our training dataset, as well as evaluating alternative CNN score thresholds and model extrapolation performance. We trained our CNN on 6,682 manually labeled covey calls across three groups of sites within the southeastern USA. Precision and AUC from both CNN classification and individual call detection was high (0.80–0.99), and our model showed strong extrapolation ability across site groups. However, extrapolation performance significantly decreased for sites that were more dissimilar to the training data set if our meaningful data augmentation process was omitted. Our CNN detected significantly more covey calls than manual labeling using Raven Pro software, and processing time was greatly reduced: a single one hour wav file can be now analyzed by the CNN in roughly eight seconds. We also demonstrate using a simple case study that extremely high variability in estimates of bobwhite site occupancy and detection are obtained depending on the method of acoustic data processing (manual versus CNN). Our results suggest that our CNN provides robust and time‐saving analysis of bobwhite covey call acoustic data and can be applied to future research and monitoring projects with high confidence in the performance of the model.
A Naphthol and Nitroaniline‐Based Dual‐target Chemosensorfor Fluorometric Sensing of Al3+ and Colorimetric Sensing of Fe3+
Authors: Moon Sungjin , Lee Minji , Kim Cheal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA naphthol and nitro‐aniline‐based fluorometric and colorimetric chemosensor BHMN, 1,1‐bis(2‐(((E)‐(2‐hydroxy naphthalene‐1‐yl)methylene)amino)ethyl)‐3‐(4‐nitrophenyl)thiourea, was synthesized. Sensor BHMN detected Al3+ with fluorescence turn‐on and Fe3+ via color variation of colorless to purple. Binding ratios of BHMN to Al3+ and Fe3+ turned out to be 1 : 1. Detection limits for Al3+ and Fe3+ by BHMN were analyzed to be 8.22 μM and 3.10 μM. Additionally, the naked‐eye test strip was applied for sensing Fe3+ and showed that BHMN could effectively discriminate Fe3+ from Fe2+ and other cations. The binding mechanisms of BHMN to Al3+ and Fe3+ were identified by ESI‐mass, Job plot, NMR titration, and DFT calculations.
Synthesis and Cytotoxic Effects of 3,6‐Bis‐indolyl 2,5‐Dihydroxybenzoquinone Acetates
Authors: Tsanakopoulou Maria , Dalezis Panagiotis , Karakousi Christina‐Vasiliki , Schina Dionysia , Trafalis Dimitris , Malamidou‐Xenikaki Elizabeth , Sarli Vasiliki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of a novel series of indolyl‐2,5‐dihydroxybenzoquinone derivatives, analogues of asterriquinones, is reported together with their antiproliferative activity against various carcinoma cell lines, such as A549, MCF7, Hcc827 and PC3. For the synthesis, acid catalyzed reactions of 2,5‐diacetoxybenzoquinone with 2‐methyl and 1,2‐dimethyl indole have been employed. Ten compounds have been tested and exhibited differential activity across the various cell lines. Derivative 7 b was the most cytotoxic with an IC50 value of 25±2.0 μΜ against A549 cancer cells and was more active than cisplatin in PC3 cells (IC50 value of 38±1.5 μΜ). The activity and selectivity of the tested compounds depends both on the number of indole units, the presence of protected hydroxyl groups on 1,4‐benzoquinone and N−Me groups on indole.
Methylene Spacer Mediated Detection Switch Between Copper and Zinc Ions by Two Coumarin‐Pyrene Based Chemosensors
Authors: Singh Devender , Ibrahim Annan , Kumar Pramod , Gupta Rajeev 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPyrene linked‐coumarin based fluorescent chemosensors L1 and L2 are utilized for the selective detection of Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions, respectively. Both chemosensors differed by a methylene spacer that connects the coumarin and pyrene rings through an imine group. The inclusion of methylene spacer dramatically changed the detection profiles of two chemosensors. While L1 showed fluorescence “turn‐off” response towards the Cu2+ ion; L2 showed “turn‐on” emission enhancement with the Zn2+ ion. Both chemosensors illustrated nano‐molar detection limits and were selective even in the presence of other competing metal ions. The 1 : 1 stoichiometry between a chemosensor and Cu2+/Zn2+ ion was supported by the binding studies, Job's plot, NMR spectral titrations, mass spectra and density functional theory (DFT) studies. The detection ability of both chemosensors was utilized by fabricating the filter paper test‐strips as well as polystyrene films for quick and visual monitoring of these ions in different water samples. Chemosensor L2 was further utilized for the “turn‐on” detection of Zn2+ ion in HepG2 cells whereas solution generated L2‐Zn species functioned as a secondary chemosensor for the detection of cystine, an important amino acid.
Vectorized and performance‐portable quicksort
Authors: Wassenberg Jan , Blacher Mark , Giesen Joachim , Sanders Peter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent works showed that implementations of quicksort using vector CPU instructions can outperform the non‐vectorized algorithms in widespread use. However, these implementations are typically single‐threaded, implemented for a particular instruction set, and restricted to a small set of key types. We lift these three restrictions: our proposedvqsortalgorithm integrates into the state‐of‐the‐art parallel sorter , with a geometric mean speedup of 1.59. The same implementation works on seven instruction sets (including SVE and RISC‐V V) across four platforms. It also supports floating‐point and 16–128 bit integer keys. To the best of our knowledge, this is the fastest sort for large arrays of non‐tuple keys on CPUs, up to 20 times as fast as the sorting algorithms implemented in standard libraries. This article focuses on the practical engineering aspects enabling the speed and portability, which we have not yet seen demonstrated for a quicksort implementation. Furthermore, we introduce compact and transpose‐free sorting networks for in‐register sorting of small arrays, and a vector‐friendly pivot sampling strategy that is robust against adversarial input.
Investigation of sectional capacities of cold‐formed perforated steel channel sections
Authors: Hieu Pham Ngoc 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWeb holes are commonly seen in cold‐formed steel channel sections to accommodate the technical services. The presence of the web holes has resulted in the reduction of the sectional capacities of the cold‐formed steel sections and has been considered in the design according to the American Specification AISI S100‐16 using a new approach in the design called the Direct Strength Method (DSM). This article, therefore, will use this design method to investigate the sectional capacities of perforated channel sections under compression or bending with the variation of hole sizes in relation to those of gross channel sections. Elastic buckling analysis – a compulsory requirement for application of the DSM – can be conducted using a module CUFSM software program recently developed by the American Iron and Steel Institute. The investigated channel sections are taken from the availably commercial sections. The obtained sectional capacities are seen as the opposite trends for local and distortional buckling modes, although a downtrend of the sectional capacities is found in general with the increase of hole dimensions. It was found that perforated channel sections with smaller hole height and longer hole lengths were recommended to obtain the optimum section capacities in terms of the same web hole area, but the opposite trend was seen for these sections under bending with long hole lengths.
River-of-origin assignment of migratory Striped Bass, with implications for mixed-stock analysis
Authors: Wojtusik Kristopher J. , Berlinsky David L. , Kenter Linas W. , Kovach Adrienne I. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective
The Striped Bass Morone saxatilis is an anadromous teleost with a native range extending north from the Gulf of Mexico into Canadian waters. Far-ranging coastal migrations support one of the most popular recreational fisheries in the United States. Identifying the underlying population genetic structure of the spawning populations and the genetic markers capable of differentiating among them advances our understanding of these economically and ecologically important fish and enables more targeted management to occur.

Methods
We used a restriction site-associated DNA sequencing approach to identify neutral and adaptive single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and we determined the population genetic structure of 438 adult Striped Bass sampled from nine spawning locations along the Atlantic coast from the Roanoke River, United States, to the Miramichi River, Canada.

Result
The two Canadian populations (Shubenacadie and Miramichi rivers) were genetically distinct from U.S. populations and from each other. Neutral loci differentiated Striped Bass from U.S. waters into four genetically distinct populations: Roanoke River, Hudson–Kennebec River, Upper Chesapeake Bay–Potomac River–Delaware River, and Choptank River (eastern Chesapeake Bay). Outlier loci further differentiated the Delaware River from the Chesapeake Bay tributaries, suggesting that there may be local adaptation in the face of gene flow. We identified 1300 highly informative SNPs (the top 10% [with respect to the genetic differentiation index FST] of the full suite of 13,361 SNPs in our study) capable of assigning fish with at least 90% accuracy to their river of origin; through simulations, we established their applicability for conducting robust mixed-stock analyses of the coastal migratory Striped Bass fishery.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that neutral and adaptive loci together provide evidence for fine-scale population structure of migratory Striped Bass, and these loci provide the most informative genetic panel for mixed-stock analysis of Striped Bass to date, capable of assigning fish to their spawning river of origin.
Phylogenomics and generic limits of Dypsidinae (Arecaceae), the largest palm radiation in Madagascar
Authors: Eiserhardt Wolf L. , Bellot Sidonie , Cowan Robyn S. , Dransfield John , Hansen Lars Emil S.F. , Heyduk Karolina , Rabarijaona Romer N. , Rakotoarinivo Mijoro , Baker William J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith 178 species, palm subtribe Dypsidinae is one of the largest plant radiations on Madagascar. A well‐resolved species‐level phylogeny is required not only to unpick the drivers of this spectacular radiation, but also to define natural and useful generic limits in this taxonomically difficult group. The only recent taxonomic revision of Dypsidinae recognised just four genera, including the large genus Dypsis (currently with 172 species), which was considered impossible to divide further based on morphology alone. Here we describe the first comprehensively sampled species‐level phylogeny of Dypsidinae, including 157 described species (88% of the subtribe) as well as 10 samples of uncertain taxonomic identity (potentially new to science). Our tree is based on target sequence capture data for 161 nuclear DNA loci. The phylogenetic relationships recovered render Dypsis s.l. paraphyletic, requiring the resurrection of two previously synonymised genera. In total, we recognise six genera in Dypsidinae (Dypsis, Chrysalidocarpus, Marojejya, Vonitra, Lemurophoenix, Masoala), all of which are monophyletic and consistent with morphology.
Recent developments in biosensing methods for extracellular vesicle protein characterization
Authors: Suthar Jugal , Taub Marissa , Carney Randy P. , Williams Gareth R. , Guldin Stefan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch into extracellular vesicles (EVs) has grown significantly over the last few decades with EVs being widely regarded as a source of biomarkers for human health and disease with massive clinical potential. Secreted by every cell type in the body, EVs report on the internal cellular conditions across all tissue types. Their presence in readily accessible biofluids makes the potential of EV biosensing highly attractive as a noninvasive diagnostic platform via liquid biopsies. However, their small size (50–250 nm), inherent heterogeneity, and the complexity of the native biofluids introduce challenges for effective characterization, thus, limiting their clinical utility. This has led to a surge in the development of various novel EV biosensing techniques, with capabilities beyond those of conventional methods that have been directly transferred from cell biology. In this review, key detection principles used for EV biosensing are summarized, with a focus on some of the most recent and fundamental developments in the field over the last 5 years.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle‐Based Sensing
Oxygen out, sulfur in: The alkali metal sulfidotungstates K2[WS4] and novel Na2[WS4] ⋅ 4 H2O
Authors: Knies Benjamin , Hartenbach Ingo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn attempt to synthesize a holmium sulfidotungstate using potassium polysulfides as reactive flux resulted in orange single crystals of K2[WS4], isotypic to K2[MoS4] (orthorhombic; Pnma; a=935.10(3), b=694.22(2), c=1221.85(4) pm; Z=4). A similar attempt to obtain a neodymium sulfidotungstate with sodium polysulfide yielded a violet substance, which underwent hydrolysis yielding orange‐yellow single crystals of Na2[WS4] ⋅ 4 H2O (monoclinic, C2/c, a=1098.08(4), b=904.46(3), c=1144.27(4) pm, β=101.577(3)°, Z=4). Further attempts to synthesize these products deliberately as single phase materials only proved to be successful for K2[WS4] but not for Na2[WS4] ⋅ 4 H2O. Both compounds contain non‐condensed [WS4]2− tetrahedra, which surround the alkali metal cations with coordination numbers of nine and eight in K2[WS4]. In Na2[WS4] ⋅ 4 H2O, the sodium cations are coordinated by two sulfide anions plus four water molecules, resulting in a coordination number of six. Besides crystal structure determination, infrared and single crystal Raman spectra were collected and the optical band gap of K2[WS4] was determined.
A thermodynamic framework for heat‐conducting flows of mixtures of two interacting fluids
Authors: Málek Josef , Souček Ondřej 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWithin the theory of interacting continua, we develop a model for a heat conducting mixture of two interacting fluids described in terms of the densities and the velocities for each fluid and the temperature field for the mixture as a whole. We use a general thermodynamic framework that determines the response of the material from the knowledge of two pieces of information, namely how the material stores the energy and how the entropy is produced. This information is expressed in the form of the constitutive equations for two scalars: the Helmholtz free energy and the entropy production. Additionally, we follow the goal to determine the response of a mixture from a small (minimal) set of material parameters, including shear viscosity, bulk viscosity and heat conductivity associated with the mixture as a whole and the drag coefficient connected with the interaction force between the constituents. The same thermodynamic approach is used to obtain the model when the mixture as a whole responses as an incompressible material. For both the compressible and incompressible mixtures, we investigate three variants stemming from different definitions of the (averaged) velocity associated with the mixture as a whole. We also address the issue of identification of boundary conditions for the individual constituents from the standard boundary conditions formulated in terms of the quantities associated with the mixture as a whole.
The Development of the “Vision Zero” Approach in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Cockfield Samantha , Healy David , Harris Anne , McIntyre Allison , Cavallo Antonietta 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFor many decades, road safety measures in Australia focused almost exclusively on behavioral approaches. When Claes Tingvall was appointed Director of MUARC, he introduced the concept of “Vision Zero” to Australia and, with it, the “Safe System” approach. While political leaders initially regarded a vision for zero deaths as unachievable, they supported the inherent logic of the Safe System.Initially the Safe System was applied as four independent pillars. While this lack of integration had limitations, it did enable road safety measures to move beyond road user behavior to focus more on safer road infrastructure and vehicle safety.The initial Safe System approach became “Towards Zero” an approach that accepts humans are fragile, and the road system designed to protect from death or serious injury was adopted across all Australia jurisdictions between 2004 and 2018.Public education has been used to introduce and explain Towards Zero and bring greater attention to the importance of purchasing a safe vehicle. Infrastructure investment has moved from a “blackspot” approach to the Safe System approach. However, shifting community and decision-makers’ understanding of the importance of speed limits being set to match the safety standard and design of a road remains a challenge. Future opportunities involve better integration of the components of the Safe System, focusing on serious injuries and improving strategy delivery, performance reporting, management, and accountability.