bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous responses in Google Trends measures of well-being to the COVID-19 dynamic quarantines in Chile
Authors: Díaz Fernando , Henríquez Pablo A. , Winkelried Diego 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe study how the Chilean population’s well-being responded to the strategy implemented by their health authorities, known as Dynamic Quarantine, to contain the spread of coronavirus in which municipalities periodically entered and exited lockdowns. This unique scheme, together with the population’s socioeconomic heterogeneity, facilitates the estimation of changes in this well-being as differentiated by socioeconomic status. Using Google Trends to compute measures of well-being, we find strong evidence that socioeconomic status induces heterogeneity in these changes; thus, neglecting this heterogeneity may lead to misleading prescriptions for the public policy that addresses the psychological effects of lockdowns.
Experimental methods modestly impact interpretation of the effect of environmental exposures on the larval zebrafish gut microbiome
Authors: Stagaman Keaton , Kasschau Kristin D. , Tanguay Robyn L. , Sharpton Thomas J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRapidly growing fields, such as microbiome science, often lack standardization of procedures across research groups. This is especially the case for microbiome investigations in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) model system, which is quickly becoming a workhorse system for understanding the exposure-microbiome-physiology axis. To guide future investigations using this model system, we defined how various experimental decisions affect the outcomes of studies on the effects of exogenous exposure on the zebrafish gut microbiome. Using a model toxicant, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), we assessed how each of two dissection methods (gut dissection vs. whole fish), three DNA extraction kits (Qiagen Blood & Tissue, Macherey–Nagel NucleoSpin, and Qiagen PowerSoil), and inclusion of PCR replicates (single vs. pooled triplicate reactions) affected our interpretation of how exposure influences the diversity and composition of the gut microbiome, as well as our ability to identify microbiome biomarkers of exposure. We found that inclusion of PCR replicates had the smallest effect on our final interpretations, and the effects of dissection method and DNA extraction kit had significant effects in specific contexts, primarily in the cases of identifying microbial biomarkers.
Hydrogen peroxide initiates oxidative stress and proteomic alterations in meningothelial cells
Authors: Xin Xiaorong , Gong Tianxiang , Hong Ying 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMeningothelial cells (MECs) are fundamental cells of the sheaths covering the brain and optic nerve, where they build a brain/optic nerve-cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) barrier that prevents the free flow of CSF from the subarachnoid space, but their exact roles and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Our attempt here was to investigate the influence elicited by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on functional changes of MECs. Our study showed that cell viability of MECs was inhibited after cells were exposed to oxidative agents. Cells subjected to H2O2 at the concentration of 150 µM for 24 h and 48 h exhibited an elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity, decrease of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) compared with control cells. 95 protein spots with more than twofold difference were detected in two dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) gels through proteomics assay following H2O2 exposure for 48 h, 10 proteins were identified through TOF/MS analysis. Among the proteomic changes explored, 8 proteins related to energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, structural regulation, and cell cycle control were downregulated. Our study provides key insights that enhance our understanding of the role of MECs in the pathology of brain and optic nerve disorders.
A blockchain based lightweight peer-to-peer energy trading framework for secured high throughput micro-transactions
Authors: Pradhan Nihar Ranjan , Singh Akhilendra Pratap , Verma Sahil , Kavita  , Wozniak Marcin , Shafi Jana , Ijaz Muhammad Fazal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith the electric power grid experiencing a rapid shift to the smart grid paradigm over a deregulated energy market, Internet of Things (IoT) based solutions are gaining prominence and innovative Peer To Peer (P2P) energy trading at micro-level are being deployed. Such advancement, however leave traditional security models vulnerable and pave the path for Blockchain, an Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) with its decentralized, open and transparency characteristics as a viable alternative. However, due to deregulation in energy trading markets, massive volumes of micro transactions are required to be supported, which become a performance bottleneck with existing Blockchain solution such as Hyperledger, Ethereum and so on. In this paper, a lightweight ’Tangle’ based framework, namely IOTA (Third generation DLT) is employed for designing an energy trading market that uses Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) based solution that not only alleviates the reward overhead for micro-transactions but also provides scalability, quantum-proof, and high throughput of such transactions at low confirmation latency. Furthermore the Masked Authentication Messaging (MAM) protocol is used over the IOTA P2P energy trading framework that allows energy producer and consumer to share the data while maintaining the confidentiality, and facilitates the data accessibility. The Raspberry Pi 3 board along with voltage sensor (INA219) used for the setting up light node and publishing and fetching data from the Tangle. The results of the obtained benchmarking indicate low confirmation latency, high throughput, system with Hyperledger Fabric and Ethereum. Moreover, the effect of transaction rate decreases when the IOTA bundle size increases more than 10. For bundle size 5 and 10 it behaves absolutely better than any other platform. The speedy confirmation time of transactions in IOTA, is most suitable for peer to peer energy trading scenarios. This study serves as a guideline for deploying, end-to-end transaction with IOTA Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) and improving the performance of Blockchain in the energy sector under various operating conditions.
A systematic exploration reveals the potential of spermidine for hypopigmentation treatment through the stabilization of melanogenesis-associated proteins
Authors: Brito Sofia , Heo Hyojin , Cha Byungsun , Lee Su-Hyun , Chae Sehyun , Lee Mi-Gi , Kwak Byeong-Mun , Bin Bum-Ho 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSpermidine (SPD), a polyamine naturally present in living organisms, is known to prolong the lifespan of animals. In this study, the role of SPD in melanogenesis was investigated, showing potential as a pigmenting agent. SPD treatment increased melanin production in melanocytes in a dose dependent manner. Computational analysis with RNA-sequencing data revealed the alteration of protein degradation by SPD treatment without changes in the expressions of melanogenesis-related genes. Indeed, SPD treatment significantly increased the stabilities of tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and -2 while inhibiting ubiquitination, which was confirmed by treatment of proteasome inhibitor MG132. Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide (CHX) showed that SPD treatment increased the resistance of TRP-1 and TRP-2 to protein degradation. To identify the proteins involved in SPD transportation in melanocytes, the expression of several solute carrier (SLC) membrane transporters was assessed and, among 27 transporter genes, SLC3A2, SLC7A1, SLC18B1, and SLC22A18 were highly expressed, implying they are putative SPD transporters in melanocytes. Furthermore, SLC7A1 and SLC22A18 were downregulated by SPD treatment, indicating their active involvement in polyamine homeostasis. Finally, we applied SPD to a human skin equivalent and observed elevated melanin production. Our results identify SPD as a potential natural product to alleviate hypopigmentation.
The antimicrobial effects of PLGA microspheres containing the antimicrobial peptide OP-145 on clinically isolated pathogens in bone infections
Authors: Cheng Ye , Qin Jianhua , Huang Yuliang , Wang Tianyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInfection after fracture is a significant problem for the healing of fractures. Antimicrobial peptides combined with PLGA (poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres can open new horizons for treating bone infections. Twenty rats in the control group were treated with physiologic saline solution after surgery, and 20 rats in the treatment group were treated with OP-145 PLGA microspheres and vancomycin after surgery. The biofilms from treatment and control groups were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. Blood samples were collected at 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h. OP-145 PLGA microspheres showed significant inhibitory effects on clinically isolated strains (P < 0.05) and there were significant differences in serum CRP (P < 0.05) levels compared with control group. In conclusion, OP-145 PLGA microspheres could slowly release antimicrobial peptides and significantly reduce biofilm formation and levels of inflammatory factors.
Association of dysmorphic intratumoral vessel with high lung shunt fraction in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Choi Tae Won , Joo Ijin , Kim Hyo-Cheol 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo evaluate the role of dysmorphic intratumoral vessels as imaging marker for the prediction of high lung shunt fraction (LSF) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This retrospective study included 403 patients with HCC who underwent a planning arteriography for transarterial radioembolization with administration of 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin to calculate LSF. The LSF was measured by using planar body scans. Two radiologists evaluated the pre-treatment contrast-enhanced CT findings, including tumor number, size, margin, distribution, tumor burden, portal and hepatic vein invasion, early hepatic vein enhancement, and dysmorphic intratumoral vessels. The logistic regression analysis was performed to determine significant predictors for high LSF > 20%. Using the identified predictors, diagnostic criteria for high LSF were proposed. Among 403 patients, 52 (13%) patients had high LSF > 20%, and dysmorphic tumor vessels were present in 115 (28.5%) patients. Predictors for LSF > 20% were tumor size > 11 cm, hepatic vein invasion, early hepatic vein enhancement, and dysmorphic intratumoral vessel. If the patient had three or more of the four predictors for LSF > 20% on imaging, the accuracy and specificity for diagnosing LSF > 20% were 88.8% and 96.3% respectively. Dysmorphic intratumoral vessel in HCC is an imaging marker suggesting a high LSF, which may be applicable to treatment modification or patient exclusion for radioembolization with combined interpretation of tumor size and hepatic vein abnormality.
New disordered anyon phase of doped graphene zigzag nanoribbon
Authors: Kim Young Heon , Lee Hye Jeong , Lee Hyun-Yong , Yang S.-R. Eric 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe investigate interacting disordered zigzag nanoribbons at low doping, using the Hubbard model to treat electron interactions within the density matrix renormalization group and Hartree-Fock method. Extra electrons that are inserted into an interacting disordered zigzag nanoribbon divide into anyons. Furthermore, the fractional charges form a new disordered anyon phase with a highly distorted edge spin density wave, containing numerous localized magnetic moments residing on the zigzag edges, thereby displaying spin-charge separation and a strong non-local correlation between the opposite zigzag edges. We make the following new predictions, which can be experimentally tested: (1) In the low doping case and weak disorder regime, the soft gap in the tunneling density of states is replaced by a sharp peak at the midgap energy with two accompanying peaks. The $$e^-/2$$

e
-

/
2

fractional charges that reside on the boundary of the zigzag edges are responsible for these peaks. (2) We find that the midgap peak disappears as the doping concentration increases. The presence of $$e^-/2$$

e
-

/
2

fractional charges will be strongly supported by the detection of these peaks. Doped zigzag ribbons may also exhibit unusual transport, magnetic, and inter-edge tunneling properties.
Bimodal distribution pattern associated with the PCR cycle threshold (Ct) and implications in COVID-19 infections
Authors: Yang Doris , Hansel Donna E. , Curlin Marcel E. , Townes John M. , Messer William B. , Fan Guang , Qin Xuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 is notable for its extremely high level of viral replication in respiratory epithelial cells, relative to other cell types. This may partially explain the high transmissibility and rapid global dissemination observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycle threshold (Ct) number has been widely used as a proxy for viral load based on the inverse relationship between Ct number and amplifiable genome copies present in a sample. We examined two PCR platforms (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2019-nCoV Real-time RT-PCR, Integrated DNA Technologies; and TaqPath COVID-19 multi-plex combination kit, ThermoFisher Scientific) for their performance characteristics and Ct distribution patterns based on results generated from 208,947 clinical samples obtained between October 2020 and September 2021. From 14,231 positive tests, Ct values ranged from 8 to 39 and displayed a pronounced bimodal distribution. The bimodal distribution persisted when stratified by gender, age, and time period of sample collection during which different viral variants circulated. This finding may be a result of heterogeneity in disease progression or host response to infection irrespective of age, gender, or viral variants. Quantification of respiratory mucosal viral load may provide additional insight into transmission and clinical indicators helpful for infection control.
Reversed double-beam photoacoustic spectroscopic analysis of photoinduced change in absorption of cellulose fibres
Authors: Csóka Levente , Hosakun Worakan , Kolonics Ottó , Ohtani Bunsho 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPhotoabsorption properties of cellulose fibres under continuous and modulated irradiation were investigated in situ by the use of reversed double-beam photoacoustic spectroscopy (RDB-PAS). This photoacoustic (PA) measurement enabled observation of ultraviolet- and visible light-induced, electron trap filling, and reductive change on the surface of the fibres. Energy-resolved measurements and analysis of the kinetics of photoinduced de-excitation suggested that electrons that accumulated in the different cellulose crystalline phases had moderate reactivity toward molecular oxygen. Saturation limits of the intensities of the PA and RDB-PAS signals under de-aerated conditions in the presence of surface-adsorbed methanol were estimated for softwood and hardwood cellulose samples. The results suggest that the RDB-PAS technique is a feasible method for the estimation of the electron trap distribution, which is a potential measure of the density of crystalline cellulose defects.
Toxicity mechanisms of aflatoxin M1 assisted with molecular docking and the toxicity-limiting role of trans-resveratrol
Authors: Güç İlknur , Yalçin Emine , Çavuşoğlu Kültiğin , Acar Ali 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, AFM1toxicity and the protective role of trans-resveratrol (t-rsv) against this toxicity were investigated with the help of multiple parameters in albino mice. As a result, AFM1(16 mg/kg b.w) administration caused a decrease in body, kidney and liver weights. This reduction was associated with a decrease in feed consumption. AFM1induced an increase in AST and ALT enzyme parameters and BUN, creatinine and MDA levels and a decrease in GSH levels. These increases have been associated with liver and kidney cell damage. AFM1decreased MI and encouraged increases in MN and CAs numbers. The decrease in MI was correlated with AFM1-tubulin and the increase in CAs was associated with the AFM1-DNA interaction, which was demonstrated by molecular docking and spectral shifting. Besides, the decrease in DNA damage and amount was demonstrated by the comet assay technique. Administration of t-rsv (10 and 20 mg/kg b.w) reduced the toxic effects of AFM1and caused a dose-dependent improvement in all physiological, biochemical and cytogenetic parameter values studied. For this reason, foods containing t-rsv or food supplements should be consumed in the daily diet to reduce the effect of toxic agents.
Implementation of a self-sampling HPV test for non-responders to cervical cancer screening in Japan: secondary analysis of the ACCESS trial
Authors: Fujita Misuzu , Nagashima Kengo , Shimazu Minobu , Suzuki Misae , Tauchi Ichiro , Sakuma Miwa , Yamamoto Setsuko , Hanaoka Hideki , Shozu Makio , Tsuruoka Nobuhide , Kasai Tokuzo , Hata Akira 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA self-sampling human papillomavirus (HPV) test could improve the morbidity and mortality of cervical cancer in Japan. However, its effectiveness and feasibility have not been demonstrated sufficiently. Hence, we launched a randomized controlled trial, which is ongoing, and report the results of a secondary analysis. To ensure autonomous participation with a minimum selection bias, opt-out consent was obtained from women who met the inclusion criteria, and written consent was obtained from those who underwent a self-sampling test. The number of women who met the inclusion criteria was 20,555; 4283 and 1138 opted out before and after the assignment, respectively. Of the 7340 women in the self-sampling arm, 1372 (18.7%) ordered and 1196 (16.3%) underwent the test. Younger women in their 30 s and 40 s tended to undertake the test more frequently than older women in their 50 s (P for trend < 0.001). Invalid HPV test results were rare (1.3%), and neither adverse events nor serious complaints were reported. Despite adopting the opt-out procedure, more women than expected declined to participate, suggesting the need for a waiver of consent or assignment before consent to reduce selection bias. A self-sampling HPV test can be implemented in Japan and would be more accessible to young women, the predominant group affected by cervical cancer.
SPICES: Disclosure Practices to Help Caregivers Digest a Diagnosis of Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Tighe Jeanne M. , Namazi Mahchid 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

Recent studies of the experiences of caregivers of children with language disorders have suggested that speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are not clearly and effectively providing caregivers with a comprehensible diagnostic term for their child's difficulties. Since the work of the CATALISE consortium, there has been a mounting consensus around the use of the term
developmental language disorder
(DLD) to identify primary, persistent language problems beginning in childhood. Thanks to the increasing unification of SLPs around the term
DLD
, the time is ripe to directly address clinical practices in delivering a diagnosis to caregivers in ways they can understand, retain, and use to build connection and drive advocacy efforts.

Conclusions:
In this tutorial, the authors review the SPIKES model, used by physicians to structure diagnostic disclosure conversations. Drawing upon research examining caregiver experiences of receiving a range of developmental diagnoses, we have adapted the SPIKES model to meet the needs of SLPs and their clients. The authors present the SPICES model for planning and executing sensitive and effective disclosure of a DLD diagnosis.
Performance analysis of cooperative cognitive radio networks based on hybrid NOMA/OMA and best relay selection
Authors: Li Suoping , Liang Wenwu , Xu Qianyu , Yang Nana , Jia Kejun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems, it may not be advisable to send the superimposed signal of all users to individual users with retransmission requirements during the retransmission phase. This paper investigates a novel cognitive radio network based on hybrid NOMA/orthogonal multiple access (CR‐H‐NOMA/OMA) in underlay spectrum sharing, whereby a hybrid NOMA/OMA cooperative mechanism is proposed for the secondary network by considering that the access modes of secondary users (SUs) and relays can be switched between NOMA and OMA. In order to compensate the loss of throughput caused by successive interference cancellation (SIC) during the cooperative phase, one or two relays with the best channel quality between themselves and the destination users are selected according to the states of the initial signal decoded by SUs, using truncated automatic repeat request (T‐ARQ) to retransmit only the desired signal of SU instead of the entire superimposed signal. Exact closed‐form expressions for outage probabilities of SUs and system throughput of the secondary network are derived under the interference constraint of the primary network to evaluate the performance of the proposed cooperative scheme. Numerical and simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed hybrid NOMA/OMA cooperative scheme when compared with conventional pure NOMA and pure OMA based on time division multiple access (TDMA) in terms of secondary throughput. Also, the outage and throughput performance depend critically on the choices of key paraments such as power allocation factor and target rate.
Model‐free distributed optimal control for continuous‐time linear systems
Authors: Feng Xinjun , Zhao Zhiyun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the distributed optimal consensus problem for a group of continuous‐time linear systems in the scenario that the dynamics of linear systems are completely unknown. Both an optimal state feedback control law and an optimal output feedback control law are constructed by solving the Algebraic Riccati Equation (ARE) that contains no global information, which guarantees the consensus of linear systems and the global optimality. Adaptive Dynamic Programming (ADP) method is presented to solve the ARE, thus the control algorithms are not relying on the dynamics of linear systems any more. Finally, numerical simulation results are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of proposed approach.
Cyberattacks on connected automated vehicles: A traffic impact analysis
Authors: Sun Zhanbo , Liu Runzhe , Hu Haitao , Liu Dengyue , Yan Zhiqi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCybersecurity has become one of the major challenges for Connected Automated Vehicles. Previous work in this field mostly focused on the detection of and defence against Connected Automated Vehicle‐related cyberattacks. Using performance measures collected from traffic micro‐simulations, the study analysed the traffic impacts of cyberattacks on Connected Automated Vehicles. Two types of adversary models, namely, time‐delay attacks and disturbance attacks, were applied to the simulated traffic on freeway segments and un‐signalised intersections, respectively. The effects of various cyberattacks were evaluated based on safety indicators, including Time‐To‐Collision, Deceleration Rate to Avoid Collision, and efficiency indicators, including speed and flow‐density diagrams. The results revealed that both attacks increase the risk and severity of collisions on freeway segments and un‐signalised intersections. Location‐based time‐delay attacks will result in significant deceleration, congestion and reduction in road throughput. Disturbance attacks not only cause congestion but also result in frequent acceleration/deceleration and uneven distribution of traffic density. The impacts of attacks are more severe on heavy traffic. At un‐signalised intersections, location‐based disturbance attacks lead to a significantly increased risk of right‐angled collisions. The results could help better understand the effects of Connected Automated Vehicle‐related cyberattacks and shed light on proactive defence against such attacks.