bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐Valent Zirconocene‐Mediated Synthesis of Porphyrin(2.1.2.1)s and Its Extension to Synthesis of a Porphyrin(2.1.2.1) Nanobarrel
Authors: Wu Yidan , Zhao Tingting , Rong Jian , Rao Yutao , Zhou Mingbo , Yin Bangshao , Ni Xinlong , Osuka Atsuhiro , Xu Ling , Song Jianxin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRosenthal's‐reagent‐mediated intramolecular cyclometallation of α,α‐dialkynyldipyrrin nickel(II) complex and subsequent acid treatment afforded a 1,3‐butadiene‐embedded porphyrin(2.1.2.1), 6, which served as a reactive diene towards dienophiles such as dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) and benzyne to give corresponding Diels–Alder adducts. Diels–Alder reaction of 6 and benzdiyne gave adducts 14, 15 a, and 15 b along with a trace amount of porphyrin(2.1.2.1) barrel 13. Stepwise routes using 14 or 15 a/15 b as a substrate allowed for the synthesis of 13 as a single stereoisomer. The nanobarrel structure for 13 was revealed by X‐ray diffraction, where its cavity held two chloroform molecules via C−H⋅⋅⋅π interaction. DFT calculations revealed that the electrostatic attraction was dominant with binding energy of 32.8 kcal mol−1.
Synthesis of Pyridine‐Containing Crowned Fused Expanded Porphyrins
Authors: Rawat Nisha , Ojha Belarani , Sinha Avisikta , Ravikanth Mangalampalli 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNew examples of nonaromatic fused expanded porphyrins containing both pyridine and crown ether moiety as a part of macrocyclic framework were synthesized by condensing pyridine based pentapyrrane with polyether‐based diol in CH2Cl2 in the presence of one equivalent of BF3 ⋅ OEt2 under inert conditions followed by oxidation with DDQ in open air. The condensation was expected to form pyridine‐containing crowned expanded porphyrins but resulted in the formation of fused crowned expanded porphyrins due to intramolecular fusion of two pyrrole nitrogens with two adjacent inverted thiophene carbons as revealed by X‐ray crystallography obtained for one of the macrocycle. HRMS and NMR studies supported the formation of fused crowned pyridine containing expanded porphyrins, and the macrocycles showed simple, well‐resolved NMR spectra where all resonances were identified easily by 2D NMR spectroscopy. The macrocycles exhibited typical nonaromatic absorption features and showed one broad band with peak maxima at 535 nm and one or two shoulder bands in the higher energy region. The protonation studies resulted in clear colour change from purple to blue and absorption bands experienced bathochromic shifts with a broad band at 662 nm which was extended up to 800 nm. The electrochemical studies revealed that the macrocycles were easier to oxidize but difficult to reduce. DFT studies indicated that the macrocycle attains a very puckered and distorted ‘U’ shaped structure owing to the flexibility of the crown ether chain and TD‐DFT studies corroborated experimental results. The preliminary studies indicated that the macrocycles could be used as colorimetric optical sensor for the detection of Cu2+ ion.
Halifax Water's Lead Service Line Replacement Program Gets the Lead Out
Authors: Krkošek Wendy , Healey Melissa , Sampson Caitlin , McKnight Adam 
Published: March 2022

Key TakeawaysHalifax, N.S., has been addressing concerns over lead in its water supply since the 1940s. Today, there are about 3,500 private‐side lead service lines (LSLs) in Halifax Water's service area.Research findings have guided Halifax Water in examining and modifying its approaches to LSL replacement, corrosion control, and sampling protocol.Motivated by recommended US Lead and Copper Rule revisions, Halifax Water updated its lead removal program and later its Get the Lead Out program to be even more comprehensive.
Bioprinting small‐diameter vascular vessel with endothelium and smooth muscle by the approach of two‐step crosslinking process
Authors: Jin Qianheng , Jin Guangzhe , Ju Jihui , Xu Lei , Tang Linfeng , Fu Yi , Hou Ruixing , Atala Anthony , Zhao Weixin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThree‐dimensional bioprinting shows great potential for autologous vascular grafts due to its simplicity, accuracy, and flexibility. The 6‐mm‐diameter vascular grafts are used in clinic. However, producing small‐diameter vascular grafts are still an enormous challenge. Normally, sacrificial hydrogels are used as temporary lumen support to mold tubular structure which will affect the stability of the fabricated structure. In this study, we have developed a new bioprinting approach to fabricating small‐diameter vessel using two‐step crosslinking process. The ¼ lumen wall of bioprinted gelatin mechacrylate (GelMA) flat structure was exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light briefly for gaining certain strength, while ¾ lumen wall showed as concave structure which remained uncrosslinked. Precrosslinked flat structure was merged towards the uncrosslinked concave structure. Two individual structures were combined tightly into an intact tubular structure after receiving more UV exposure time. Complicated tubular structures were constructed by these method. Notably, the GelMA‐based bioink loaded with smooth muscle cells are bioprinted to form the outer layer of the tubular structure and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were seeded onto the inner surface of the tubular structure. A bionic vascular vessel with dual layers was fabricated successfully, and kept good viability and functionality. This study may provide a novel idea for fabricating biomimetic vascular network or other more complicated organs.
Portable hand‐held bioprinters promote in situ tissue regeneration
Authors: Pazhouhnia Zahra , Beheshtizadeh Nima , Namini Mojdeh Salehi , Lotfibakhshaiesh Nasrin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThree‐dimensional bioprinting, as a novel technique of fabricating engineered tissues, is positively correlated with the ultimate goal of regenerative medicine, which is the restoration, reconstruction, and repair of lost and/or damaged tissue function. The progressive trend of this technology resulted in developing the portable hand‐held bioprinters, which could be used quite easily by surgeons and physicians. With the advent of portable hand‐held bioprinters, the obstacles and challenges of utilizing statistical bioprinters could be resolved. This review attempts to discuss the advantages and challenges of portable hand‐held bioprinters via in situ tissue regeneration. All the tissues that have been investigated by this approach were reviewed, including skin, cartilage, bone, dental, and skeletal muscle regeneration, while the tissues that could be regenerated via this approach are targeted in the authors' perspective. The design and applications of hand‐held bioprinters were discussed widely, and the marketed printers were introduced. It has been prospected that these facilities could ameliorate translating the regenerative medicine science from the bench to the bedside actively.
Novel homozygous nonsense mutation in the P5′N‐1 coding gene as an alternative cause for hereditary anemia with basophilic stippling
Authors: Kirschner Martin , Heinen Inga Rebecca , Koschmieder Steffen , Manco Licinio , Bento Celeste , Eggermann Thomas , Kurth Ingo , Jost Edgar , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Fuchs Roland 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHereditary pyrimidine 5‐nucleotidase (P5′N‐1) deficiency is a very rare disorder. Here, we describe a new mutation in a Turkish family. Although functional tests have not been performed, our findings confirm that the homozygous mutational state leads to clinical manifest P5′N‐1 deficiency, while heterozygosity does not lead to hemolysis or anemia.
Giant multilocular prostatic cystadenoma in a young man: A case report from Jordan
Authors: Alzawahreh Mohammad Kh. , Al‐Tammemi Ala'a B. , Al‐Shalah Mustafa I. , Abuebeid Ahmad , Manaserh Zaid , Alhroub Baha'a , Badawi Moath O. , Abu‐Zanouneh Anas M. , Malkawi Maen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGiant Multilocular Prostatic Cystadenoma (GMPC) is one of the rare benign tumors of the prostate. This report presents a case of a young man who has been recently diagnosed with GMPC. Our report highlights the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment, considering the overlapping symptoms with other common urinary conditions.
Repetitive milrinone therapy in ambulatory advanced heart failure patients
Authors: Laufer‐Perl Michal , Sadon Sapir , Zahler David , Milwidsky Assi , Sadeh Ben , Sapir Orly , Granot Yoav , Korotetski Liuba , Ketchker Liora , Rosh Maayan , Banai Shmuel , Havakuk Ofer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdvanced heart failure (HF) patients usually poorly tolerate guideline‐directed HF medical therapy (GDMT) and suffer high rates of morbidity and mortality. The use of continuous inotropes in the outpatient settings is hampered by previous data showing excess morbidity. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of repetitive, intermittent, short‐term intravenous milrinone therapy in advanced HF patients with an intention to introduce and up‐titrate GDMT and improve functional class.HypothesisRepetitive, intermittent milrinone therapy may assist with the stabilization of advanced HF patients.MethodsAdvanced HF patients treated with beta‐blockers and implanted with defibrillators were initiated with repetitive, intermittent short‐term intravenous milrinone therapy at our HF outpatient unit. Patients were prospectively followed with defibrillator interrogation, functional class assessment, B‐natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, and echocardiography parameters.ResultsThe cohort included 24 patients with a mean 330 ± 240 days of milrinone therapy exposure. Mean age was 73 ± 6 years with male predominance (96%). Following milrinone therapy, median BNP levels decreased significantly (882 [286−3768] to 631 [278−1378] pg/ml, p = .017) with a significant reduction in the number of patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III and IV (p = .012, 0.013) and an increase in number of patients on GDMT. Importantly, the number of total sustained ventricular tachycardia events and HF hospitalizations did not change.ConclusionsIn this small cohort of advanced HF, repetitive, intermittent, short‐term milrinone therapy was found to be safe and potentially efficacious.
Atypical posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome associated with Lenvatinib therapy in a patient with metastatic thyroid cancer—A case report
Authors: Abhishek Mahajan , Renuka Ashtekar , Ujjwal Agarwal , Amit Choudhari , Vijay Patil , Vanita Noronha , Nandini Menon , Kumar Prabash 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a disorder of reversible subcortical vasogenic brain oedema in patients with acute neurological symptoms. Drug‐induced PRES has been described with the usage of drugs that target receptors regulating vascular permeability or altering immune response. Lenvatinib is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that inhibits the kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors implicated in cancer progression in addition to their normal cellular functions. The oedema associated with PRES is a consequence of disruption of cerebral blood flow autoregulation. Herein, we present a case of a 77‐year‐old lady who was on treatment with Lenvatinib for metastatic thyroid cancer who subsequently developed PRES. Her clinical and radiological findings improved after discontinuing Lenvatinib and the patient was switched to a different drug and remains asymptomatic on the same. This is the first such report of atypical findings of PRES in a patient on Lenvatinib therapy. Recognition of this entity is crucial for timely withdrawal of the drug and prevent further morbidity and mortality.
Pairwise association of key lifestyle factors and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective pooled multicohort study
Authors: Roos Eira , Seppä Karri , Pietiläinen Olli , Ryynänen Heidi , Heikkinen Sanna , Eriksson Johan G. , Härkänen Tommi , Jousilahti Pekka , Knekt Paul , Koskinen Seppo , Laaksonen Maarit , Männistö Satu , Roos Teemu , Rahkonen Ossi , Malila Nea , Pitkäniemi Janne ,   The METCA Study Group
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral lifestyle factors are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Although lifestyle factors co‐occur, in most previous studies these factors have been studied focusing upon a single risk factor or assuming independent effects between risk factors.AimTo examine the pairwise effects and interactions of smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and body mass index (BMI) with risk of subsequent colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods and resultsWe used METCA cohort data (pooled data from seven population‐based Finnish health behavior survey studies during years 1972–2015) consisting of 171 063 women and men. Participants' smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and BMI measures were gathered, and participants were categorized into those exposed and those not exposed. The incidence of CRC was modeled by Poisson regression with main and interaction effects of key lifestyle factors.The cohort members were followed‐up through register linkage to the Finnish Cancer Registry for first primary CRC case until the end of 2015. Follow‐up time was 1715, 690 person years.The highest pairwise CRC risk was among male smokers who had overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) (HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.36–2.26) and women who had overweight and consumed alcohol (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.14–1.85). Overall, among men the association of lifestyle factors and CRC risk was stronger than among women. In men, both having overweight and being a smoker combined with any other adverse lifestyle factor increased CRC risk. Among women, elevated CRC risks were observed for those who were physically inactive and who consumed alcohol or had overweight. No statistically significant interactions were detected between pairs of lifestyle factors.ConclusionsThis study strengthens the evidence of overweight, smoking, and alcohol consumption as CRC risk factors. Substantial protective benefits in CRC risk can be achieved by preventing smoking, maintaining BMI to <25 kg/m2and not consuming alcohol.
Elucidating 2D Charge‐Density‐Wave Atomic Structure in an MX–Chain by the 3D‐ΔPair Distribution Function Method
Authors: Guérin Laurent , Yoshida Takefumi , Zatterin Edoardo , Simonov Arkadiy , Chernyshov Dmitry , Iguchi Hiroaki , Toudic Bertrand , Takaishi Shinya , Yamashita Masahiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Prof. Masahiro Yamashita's group at Tohoku University and designed by Dr. Laurent Guérin at University of Rennes 1. The image illustrates that the atomic structure of a 2D charge density wave can be revealed although the planes associated to this local 2D order are randomly stacked preventing the use of conventional structure determination techniques. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202100857.
Creating Hybrid Coordination Environment in Fe‐Based Single Atom Catalyst for Efficient Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Zhang Wenlin , Wang Lei , Zhang Lu‐Hua , Chen Datong , Zhang Yongkang , Yang Dexin , Yan Ning , Yu Fengshou 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTailoring the local chemistry environment to optimize the geometric and electronic properties of single atom catalysts has received much attention recently. Yet, most efforts have been devoted to establishing the preferable binding between the solid support and the single metal atom. In this work, a hybrid coordination environment was created for Fe‐based single atom catalysts, comprising inorganic anchoring site from the support and organic ligands from the precursor. Using N,S co‐doped graphene oxide as the support, Fe phthalocyanine was selectively anchored by the N/S sites, creating the unique N/S−Fe−N4active sites as evidenced by extended X‐ray absorption fine structure and Mössbauer spectrometry. Compared with other analogues with different metal centers or support, N/S−Fe−N4showed much improved activity in oxygen reduction reaction, delivering onset and half‐wave potentials of 1.02 and 0.94 V. This was superior over the state‐of‐the‐art 20 wt % Pt/C and the classic Fe−N4carbon catalysts. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the interaction between phthalocyanine ligands and heteroatom dopant from the support pushed electrons of Fe site topara‐position, facilitating O2adsorption and activation. This work shows the exciting opportunities of creating a hybrid coordination environment in single atom catalysts and paves a new avenue of improving their catalytic performance.
A PVT power immune compact 65 nm CMOS CSP design with a leakage current compensation feedback for CdZnTe/CdTe sensors dedicated to PET applications
Authors: Yannick Hertz Pancha , Kamdem Jerome Folla , Sidze Laure Vanessa Noumbissi , Tafo Evariste Wembe , Zobo Bernard Essimbi 
Published: March 2022

SummaryPower consumption and image resolution are the major concerned while designing modern readout integrated circuits (ROICs) of Cadmium‐Telluride (CdTe)/Cadmium‐Zinc‐Telluride (CdZnTe) sensors for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) applications. The key ROIC element, namely, preamplifier, must be monolithically integrated to the sensor chip and should guarantee low noise, low power, and high linearity along with assuring higher conversion gain and less chip area. A power immune, linear charge sensitive preamplifier (CSP) with a custom leakage current compensation feedback for (CdTe)/CdZnTe sensors is designed. A maximum power consumption of 120 μW, stable against process voltage and temperature (PVT) variations, is achieved. The compensation module cancels out current noise generated at the output of the circuit, lowering the power spectral density of about 84.26% than that of similar architectures, thus improving the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) at the CSP output by a factor of 6.31. In turns, it injects about 100 pA of input direct‐current (DC) current and compensates the sensor leakage current therefore. Two input dynamics of (0.25–10) and (10.01–20)fC are achieved, providing two conversion factors of 23.06 and 19.00 mV/fC with 2.4% and 0.58% nonlinearity errors, respectively, using 1 pF sensor capacitance. Noise performance of the circuit is improved with 47.5 e‐rms and 62.46e−rms of equivalent noise charge (ENC) depending upon the input dynamic. The design is validated by Monte Carlo simulations and PVT analysis implemented in 65 nm complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process, assuring a chip area of only 0.000246 mm2.
A novel approach on energy‐efficient clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Elizebeth Zachariah Ushus , Kuppusamy Lakshmanan 
Published: March 2022

SummaryWireless sensor networks are group of nodes capable enough to communicate with other nodes wherever they are deployed. The demanding need for a wireless sensor network in various fields of monitoring and tracking has gained more popularity in recent years. However, as sensor nodes have limited and dissipating battery power, energy conservation is a critical challenge in wireless sensor networks. Clustering is one of the promising methodologies to reduce the consumption of energy. This paper presents a cluster‐based routing algorithm for transferring the data to the base station. The algorithm uses thek‐means approach to select the clusters. Each cluster consists of two cluster heads, one for aggregating the data and the other for data transmission; thereby, they share the load and improve the network lifetime. The data are sent to the base station by a multi‐hop approach. For energy efficiency, a minimum cost path is chosen by considering the energy and distance. Simulations are implemented in NS2. The results obtained show that the proposed protocol is more efficient than the benchmarked algorithms in network lifetime, packet delivery ratio, throughput, total energy consumption, and end to end delay.
Simvastatin is associated with superior lipid and glycaemic control to atorvastatin and reduced levels of incident Type 2 diabetes, in men and women, in the UK Biobank
Authors: English Andrew R. , Prasad Bodhayan , McGuigan Declan H. , Horigan Geraldine , O’Kane Maurice , Bjourson Anthony J. , Shukla Priyank , Kelly Catriona , McClean Paula L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Statins reduce low‐density lipoproteins and positively affect CVD outcomes. Statin type and dose have differential effects on glycaemia and risk of incident T2DM; however, the impact of gender, and of individual drugs within the statin class, remains unclear.AimTo compare effects of simvastatin and atorvastatin on lipid and glycaemic control in men and women with and without T2DM, and their association with incident T2DM.MethodsThe effect of simvastatin and atorvastatin on lipid and glycaemic control was assessed in the T2DM DiaStrat cohort. Prescribed medications, gender, age, BMI, diabetes duration, blood lipid profile and HbA1c were extracted from Electronic Care Record, and compared in men and women prescribed simvastatin and atorvastatin. Analyses were replicated in the UKBiobank in those with and without T2DM. The association of simvastatin and atorvastatin with incident T2DM was also investigated in the UKBiobank. Cohorts where matched for age, BMI and diabetes duration in men and women, in the UKBioBank analysis, where possible.ResultsSimvastatin was associated with better LDL (1.6 ± 0.6 vs 2.1 ± 0.9 mmol/L, p < .01) and total cholesterol (3.6 ± 0.7 vs 4.2 ± 1.0 mmol/L, p < .05), and glycaemic control (62 ± 17 vs 67 ± 19 mmol/mol, p < .059) than atorvastatin specifically in women in the DiaStrat cohort. In the UKBiobank, both men and women prescribed simvastatin had better LDL (Women: 2.6 ± 0.6 vs 2.6 ± 0.7 mmol/L, p < .05; Men: 2.4 ± 0.6 vs 2.4 ± 0.6, p < .01) and glycaemic control (Women:54 ± 14 vs 56 ± 15mmol/mol, p < .05; Men, 54 ± 14 vs 55 ± 15 mmol/mol, p < .01) than those prescribed atorvastatin. Simvastatin was also associated with reduced risk of incident T2DM in both men and women (p < .0001) in the UKBiobank.ConclusionsSimvastatin is associated with superior lipid and glycaemic control to atorvastatin in those with and without T2DM, and with fewer incident T2DM cases. Given the importance of lipid and glycaemic control in preventing secondary complications of T2DM, these findings may help inform prescribing practices.
Resident memory CD4+ T lymphocytes mobilize from bone marrow to contribute to a systemic secondary immune reaction
Authors: Cendón Carla , Du Weijie , Durek Pawel , Liu Yuk‐Chien , Alexander Tobias , Serene Lindsay , Yang Xinyi , Gasparoni Gilles , Salhab Abdulrahman , Nordström Karl , Lai Tina , Schulz Axel R. , Rao Anna , Heinz Gitta A. , Stefanski Ana L. , Claußnitzer Anne , Siewert Katherina , Dörner Thomas , Chang Hyun‐Dong , Volk Hans‐Dieter , Romagnani Chiara , Qin Zhihai , Hardt Sebastian , Perka Carsten , Reinke Simon , Walter Jörn , Mashreghi Mir‐Farzin , Thurley Kevin , Radbruch Andreas , Dong Jun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResident memory T lymphocytes (TRM) of epithelial tissues and the Bm protect their host tissue. To what extent these cells are mobilized and contribute to systemic immune reactions is less clear. Here, we show that in secondary immune reactions to the measles‐mumps‐rubella (MMR) vaccine, CD4+ TRM are mobilized into the blood within 16 to 48 h after immunization in humans. This mobilization of TRM is cognate: TRM recognizing other antigens are not mobilized, unless they cross‐react with the vaccine. We also demonstrate through methylome analyses that TRM are mobilized from the Bm. These mobilized cells make significant contribution to the systemic immune reaction, as evidenced by their T‐cell receptor Vβ clonotypes represented among the newly generated circulating memory T‐cells, 14 days after vaccination. Thus, TRM of the Bm confer not only local, but also systemic immune memory.