bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyamine metabolism patterns characterized tumor microenvironment, prognosis, and response to immunotherapy in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Enkui , Ding Chengsheng , Li Shuchun , Aikemu Batuer , Zhou Xueliang , Fan Xiaodong , Sun Jing , Yang Xiao , Zheng Minhua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Changes of Polyamine metabolism (PAM) have been shown to establish a suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and substantially influence the progression of cancer in the recent studies. However, newly emerging data were still unable to fully illuminate the specific effects of PAM in human cancers. Here, we analyzed the expression profiles and clinical relevance of PAM genes in CRC.
Methods
Based on unsupervised consistent clustering and PCA algorithm, we designed a scoring model to evaluate the prognosis of CRC patients and characterize the TME immune profiles, with related independent immunohistochemical validation cohort. Through comparative profiling of cell communities defined by single cell sequencing data, we characteristic of polyamine metabolism in the TME of CRC.
Results
Three PAM patterns with distinct prognosis and TME features were recognized from 1224 CRC samples. Moreover, CRC patients could be divided into high- and low-PAMscore subgroups by PCA-based scoring system. High PAMscore subgroup were associated to more advanced stage, higher infiltration level of immunosuppressive cells, and unfavorable prognosis. These results were also validated in CRC samples from other public CRC datasets and our own cohort, which suggested PAM genes were ideal biomarkers for predicting CRC prognosis. Notably, PAMscore also corelated with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) status, higher tumor mutational burden (TMB), and higher levels of immune checkpoint gene expression, implying a potential role of PAM genes in regulating response to immunotherapy. To further verify above results, we demonstrated a high-resolution landscape of TME and cell-cell communication network in different PAM patterns with single cell sequencing data and found that polyamine metabolism affected the communication between cancer cells and several immune cells such as T cells, B cells and myeloid cells.
Conclusion
In total, our findings highlighted the significance of polyamine metabolism in shaping the formation of TME and predicting the prognosis of CRC patients, providing novel strategies for immunotherapy and the targeting therapy of polyamine metabolites.
Modelling the impact of atmospheric heat accumulation on glacier mass balance
Authors: Matthews Tom , Perry Lester , Guy Heather , Wilby Robert , Edwards Tamsin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Air temperature (Ta) is ubiquitous in empirical modelling of future glacier extent. However, we argue that this long-held convention should be overturned in favour of the equivalent temperature Te, because the latter is proportional to the total (sensible plus latent) atmospheric heat exchange with a moist surface. From polar to tropical regions we show that variations in the glacier surface energy balance are better captured using Te, with the largest improvement in the critical tropical water tower regions. Similarly, we find that Te can discriminate more skilfully between rain and snow at 90 % of 5509 locations assessed. We also find that on-glacier Te is easier to infer from spatially coarse climate data. For these reasons we conclude that there are very strong, theoretical, empirical, and practical motivations for a paradigm shift in replacing Ta with Te to simulate the impacts of rising atmospheric heat content on glacier mass balance.
Respiration organizes gamma synchrony in the prefronto-thalamic network
Authors: Basha Diellor , Chauvette Sylvain , Sheroziya Maxim , Timofeev Igor 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Multiple cognitive operations are associated with the emergence of gamma oscillations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) although little is known about the mechanisms that control this rhythm. Using local field potential (LFP) recordings from cats, we show that periodic bursts of gamma recur with 1 Hz regularity in the wake mPFC and are locked to the exhalation phase of the respiratory cycle. Respiration organizes long-range coherence in the gamma band between the mPFC and the nucleus reuniens the thalamus (Reu), linking the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. In vivo intracellular recordings of the mouse thalamus reveal that respiration timing is propagated by synaptic activity in Reu and likely underlies the emergence of gamma bursts in the prefrontal cortex. Our findings highlight breathing as an important substrate for long-range neuronal synchronization across the prefrontal circuit, a key network for cognitive operations.
Time-resolved small RNA transcriptomics of the ichthyosporean Sphaeroforma arctica
Authors: Ondracka Andrej , Dudin Omaya , Bråte Jon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives:
Ichthyosporea, a clade of holozoans, represent a clade closely related to animals, and thus hold a key phylogenetic position for understanding the origin of animals. We have previously discovered that an ichthyosporean, Sphaeroforma arctica,contains microRNAs (miRNAs) as well as the miRNA processing machinery. This was the first discovery of miRNAs among the closest single-celled relatives of animals and raised intriguing questions about the roles of regulatory small RNAs in cell development and differentiation in unicellular eukaryotes. Like many ichthyosporeans, S. arctica also undergoes a transient multicellular developmental life cycle. As miRNAs are, among other roles, key regulators of gene expression during development in animals, we wanted to investigate the dynamics of miRNAs during the developmental cycle in S. arctica.
Data description:
We have collected a comprehensive time-resolved small RNA transcriptome linked to specific life stages with a substantially higher sequencing depth than before, which can enable further discovery of functionally relevant small RNAs. The data consists of Illumina-sequenced small RNA libraries from two independent biological replicates of the entire life cycle of S. arctica with high temporal resolution. The dataset is directly linked and comes from the same samples as a previously published mRNA-seq dataset, thus enabling direct cross-functional analyses.
Giant solitary fibrous tumor of the pelvis invading the rectum and bladder: a rare case report in an adolescent
Authors: Cao Qingle , Song Defeng , Song Bin , Jin Yinzhi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

Pelvic solitary fibrous tumor is a rare spindle-cell tumor arising from mesenchymal tissue, usually benign. However, its malignant form is an extremely rarer, and more aggressive disease. Our review of previous literature found that it has not been reported in adolescents younger than 18 years. Herein, we describe a case of pelvic giant solitary fibrous tumor with rectum and bladder invasion in a 16-year-old girl and summarize the diagnosis and treatment experience to further improve the existing management of solitary fibrous tumor.

Case Description

Retrospectively analyzed a 16-year-old girl admitted to our department with irregular menstruation and increased menstrual bleeding for 2 months. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen demonstrated an 11.2×7.5×8.9 cm isodense space-occupying lesion in the pelvis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed heterogeneous enhancement, which was considered a tumor of mesenchymal origin. Pelvic mass resection, bladder repair, and right ureteral stent placement were performed. It was confirmed that the mass invaded the upper rectal and the right bladder wall during the operation. After complete resection of the tumor, malignant solitary fibrous tumor was diagnosed in combination with histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The patient survived well with no tumor metastasis or recurrence in 4 months of postoperative follow-up.

Conclusion

This case report suggests that pelvic solitary fibrous tumor is rarely seen clinically. Because of its non-specific clinical manifestation and imaging, definite diagnosis is mainly based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Complete resection of the tumor is the first-line treatment, and most patients have a good prognosis.
Supraclavicular artery island flap for postoperative esophageal defect reconstruction in a tubular esophageal duplication adult: A case report
Authors: Yang Xin , Jiang Zheng , Liu Jun , Chen Fei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

Adult esophageal duplication is a congenital anomaly which is rarely seen in clinical settings. Adult tubular esophageal duplication has only been reported in very few cases.

Case presentation

A patient presented with odynophagia and dysphagia, gastroscopy and X-ray contrast imaging showed formation of a fistula in the upper esophagus connecting to a sinus tract traveling along the esophagus. An open surgery was conducted after the initial infection management, the esophageal tubular duplication was resected and the defect was reconstructed by supraclavicular artery island flap. Post-operative recovery was uneventful and patient’s odynophagia and dysphagia were relieved.

Conclusions

Esophageal duplication can be effectively detected by lipiodolography and gastroscopy. The current treatment of choice is surgical excision, and the supraclavicular artery island flap (SAI) flap is a technique of great potential in post-operative esophageal defect reconstruction.
Perceptions and practices surrounding the perioperative management of frail emergency surgery patients: a WSES endorsed cross-sectional qualitative survey
Authors: Viswanath Mallaika , Clinch Darja , Ceresoli Marco , Dhesi Jugdeep , D'oria Mario , De Simone Belinda , Podda Mauro , Saverio Salomone Di , Coccolini Federico , Sartelli Massimo , Catena Fausto , Moore Ernest , Rangar Deepa , Biffl Walter L. , Damaskos Dimitrios 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Frailty is associated with poor post-operative outcomes in emergency surgical patients. Shared multidisciplinary models have been developed to provide a holistic, reactive model of care to improve outcomes for older people living with frailty. We aimed to describe current perioperative practices, and surgeons’ awareness and perception of perioperative frailty management, and barriers to its implementation.
Methods
A qualitative cross-sectional survey was sent via the World Society of Emergency Surgery e-letter to their members. Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and reported by themes: risk scoring systems, frailty awareness and assessment and barriers to implementation.
Results
Of 168/1000 respondents, 38% were aware of the terms “Perioperative medicine for older people undergoing surgery” (POPS) and Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA). 66.6% of respondents assessed perioperative risk, with 45.2% using the American Society of Anaesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System (ASA-PS). 77.8% of respondents mostly agreed or agreed with the statement that they routinely conducted medical comorbidity management, and pain and falls risk assessment during emergency surgical admissions. Although 98.2% of respondents agreed that frailty was important, only 2.4% performed CGA and 1.2% used a specific frailty screening tool. Clinical frailty score (CFS) was the most commonly used tool by those who did. Screening was usually conducted by surgical trainees. Key barriers included lack of knowledge around frailty assessment, a lack of clarity on who should be responsible for frailty screening, and lack of trained staff.
Conclusions
Our study highlights the ubiquitous lack of awareness regarding frailty assessment and the POPS model of care. More training and clear guidelines on frailty scoring, alongside support by multidisciplinary teams may reduce the burden on surgical trainees, potentially improving rates of appropriate frailty assessment and management of the frailty syndrome in emergency surgical patients.
A comprehensive audit of record keeping practice in surgical inpatients records.
Authors: Gasoma Elmuhtadi , Abdalla Islam , Afif Mohammed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Good quality record keeping is essential to safe and effective patient care. To ensure that high standards of record keeping are maintained, regular clinical audit should be undertaken. A retrospective, descriptive study was carried out to audit and re-audit the documentation of surgical inpatient records in order to determine if the current documentation technique complies with the hospital's stated policy .
AIMS / OBJECTIVES
The main aim of the audit project was to examine current documentation process at the hospital & look at ways in which existing practice could be improved.
METHOD
By using standard hospital criteria as a basis , an electronic forma was developed to audit the standards. 120 case files retrospectively served as the primary source for the data collected. The records were assessed for completeness of documentation and presence of documentation in the correct section. The data was collected, analyzed, and presented at clinical governance. We then implemented in our documentation protocol for all surgical personnel to be given instructions on the appropriate documentation and how to complete it. This data was again, prospectively collected to complete the audit cycle.
RESULTS
Of the 37 audit standards that are comparable, 35 increased in compliance. No compliance in any of the standards of the criteria decreased in the re-audit cycle . Overall, there is an average increase in compliance across all the audit criteria of 32% since the first audit cycle , indicating that some of the work done after the first cycle has had a positive impact.
DISCUSSION / CONCLUSIONS
The keeping of records must be viewed as an essential component of medical practice; The ongoing documentation keeping work shows that when done well, audit can have a real impact on the quality of clinical records . Simply undertaking the audit can raise awareness of the need to improve practice. Dissemination of results, education and training and local action planning are all crucial to improving practice .
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions of Jordanians Toward Adopting and Using Telemedicine: National Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Murshidi Rand , Hammouri Muhammad , Taha Hana , Kitaneh Razi , Alshneikat Mahmoud , Al-Qawasmeh Abdallah , Al-Oleimat Ahmad , Al-Huneidy Leen , Al-Huneidy Yazan , Al-Ani Abdallah 
Published: October 2022

Background
Due to the upsurge of COVID-19, nations are increasingly adopting telemedicine programs in anticipation of similar crises. Similar to all nations worldwide, Jordan is implementing efforts to adopt such technologies, yet it is far from complete.

Objective
This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of Jordanians toward telemedicine, to identify key factors predisposing individuals to its use or acting as barriers to its implementation.

Methods
We implemented a cross-sectional design using an online, self-administered questionnaire executed in Google Forms and distributed through social media. Differences in knowledge and attitude scores were examined using independent sample t tests and ANOVA. A multivariate linear regression model was computed to assess predictors of awareness toward telemedicine.

Results
A total of 1201 participants fully completed the questionnaire. Participants were characterized by a mean age of 36.3 (SD 14.4) years and a male-to-female ratio of nearly 1:1. About 50% (619/1201, 51.5%) of our studied population were aware of telemedicine, while nearly 25% (299/1201, 24.9%) declared they had observed it in action. Approximatively 68% (814/1201, 67.8%) of respondents were willing to use telemedicine. The majority of the sample portrayed favorable and positive views toward telemedicine. Higher educational degrees, living in urban districts, and having a higher perception of electronic usage ability were associated with higher knowledge and better attitudes toward telemedicine (all P<.05). The multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that perceived ability to use electronics was associated with positive attitudes (β=0.394; 95% CI 0.224 to 0.563), while living in Southern Jordan predicted poor attitudes toward telemedicine (β=–2.896; 95% CI –4.873 to –0.919).

Conclusions
Jordanians portray favorable perceptions of telemedicine. Nonetheless, concerns with regards to privacy, medical errors, and capacity for accurate diagnoses are prevalent. Furthermore, Jordanians believe that integrating telemedicine within the health care system is not applicable due to limited resources.
Az iskolavédőnők egészségfelfogásának és az egészségfejlesztés – iskolai egészségfejlesztés értelmezésének fókuszcsoportos vizsgálata
Authors: Karácsony, Ilona , Ferenczy, Mónika , Pachner, Orsolya 
Published: October 2022

Bevezetés: A védőnők szerepe és felelőssége meghatározó az egészségfejlesztésben. Vizsgálatunk az iskolavédőnők egészséggel, egészségfejlesztéssel, iskolai egészségfejlesztéssel kapcsolatos szemléletmódjának, attitűdjének, lehetőségeinek, megismerésére irányult.
Módszertan: Kvalitatív, keresztmetszeti felmérésünk fókuszcsoportos interjú módszerével valósult meg Vas és Zala megyében 14 főállású iskolavédőnő bevonásával, két csoportban. A minta jellemzőinek bemutatásához leíró statisztikai módszereket alkalmaztunk, majd a fókuszcsoportos beszélgetés szöveges részének feldolgozását tartalomelemzéssel végeztük el.
Eredmények: A megkérdezett védőnők olyan egészségfogalmat vázoltak fel, amely az egészség testi-lelki-szellemi-társas nézőpontjainak harmóniáját állította a középpontba. Fejlesztése a szakemberek belső-külső integritásán, hitelességén alapuló értékközvetítő tevékenysége révén valósítható meg. Az iskolai egészségfejlesztés, mint az egészségfejlesztés speciális területe védőnői oldalról megközelítve szervezési, koordinációs feladaton, pozitív hozzáálláson alapuló sokrétű csapatmunka, amelynek kivitelezéséhez hiteles szakemberek, tudatosság, módszertani ismeretek szükségesek. Az iskolavédőnők iskolai egészségfejlesztő tevékenységének elemzése során erősségek, gyengeségek, lehetőségek és veszélyeztető tényezők egyaránt felmerültek.
Következtetés: A védőnők többsége az egészséget összetett fogalomnak tekintette. Az egészségfejlesztés az Ottawa Chartában megfogalmazott egészségfejlesztési stratégia alapelemeit foglalta magába. Az iskolai egészségfejlesztés megvalósításának feltétele a személyes és a kapcsolati erőforrások mellett jelentős szervezési készség is. A jövő kihívásaira irányuló eredményes és sikeres iskolai egészségfejlesztés a szakemberek együttes cselekvése, valamint a szakmai hálózatok megerősítése által érhető el.
Optimized D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate/phospholipid self-assembled mixed micelles: A promising lipid-based nanoplatform for augmenting the antifungal activity of fluconazole
Authors: Badr-Eldin Shaimaa M. , Aldawsari Hibah M. , Fahmy Usama A. , Ahmed Osama A. A. , Alhakamy Nabil A. , Elfaky Mahmoud A. , Sirwi Alaa , Hawsawi Salman A. , Alzahrani Ali H. , Yaseen Abdulrahman Y. , Qassim Mohannad , Kotta Sabna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fluconazole (FLZ) is the most widely used antifungal agent for treating cutaneous candidiasis. Although oral FLZ has been proved to be effective, the incidence of side effects necessitates the development of an effective formulation that could surpass the pitfalls associated with systemic availability. Accordingly, this research aimed at developing a self-assembled mixed micelles topical delivery system to enhance the topical delivery of the drug. Self-assembled mixed micelles were developed using D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate and phospholipids and optimized using Box-Behnken design. The optimized formulation with minimized size was then tested in vivo for the antifungal activity against C. albicans in immunocompromised mice. Treatment with the optimized formulation led to decreased peripheral erythema as well as lesions due to fungal infection in comparison to raw FLZ loaded gel. Therefore, the developed formulation was found to be a promising vehicle for the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis.
Effect of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Ginkgo biloba leaves decoction and commercial capsules
Authors: Zhou Yubo , Yang Yingxin , Ma Minyan , Xie Lingyun , Yan Aijuan , Cao Wen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study Ginkgo biloba leaves (GBL) decoction and commercial capsules were digested using an in vitro model. Thirty-six active compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC-ESI-MS analysis based on the MS/MS patterns (precursor ions and product ions) and retention times, in comparison with reference standards. Most compounds in GBL showed a significant decrease during intestinal digestion, with an exception of vanillic acid and biflavonoids. Bioaccessibility values of chemical compositions varied between decoction and capsules samples. Also, significant reductions of total flavonoids and total phenolic content was observed after in vitro digestion. Both, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazo-line-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging capacity decreased after gastric digestion, but increased during intestinal digestion. Nevertheless, different behaviour was observed in reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Compared to the pH of digestion, the influence of digestive enzymes on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of GBL was relatively minor. Overall, these results may help provide a valid foundation for further investigations on bioactive compounds and the pharmacodynamics of GBL.
In vitro effects of ascorbic acid on viability and metabolism of patients’ osteosarcoma stem cells
Authors: Jovičić Marijana Šimić , Pušić Maja , Antunović Maja , Ledinski Maja , Librenjak Lucija , Kolundžić Robert , Ribičić Tomislav , Trkulja Vladimir , Urlić Inga 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Stagnation in novelties of osteosarcoma (OS) treatment indicates the need for new therapeutic methods. OS cancer stem cells (OS-CSC) are taught to have the ability to self-renew and develop mechanisms of anticancer drug resistance, and this is why it is difficult to eradicate them. Their metabolism has been recognized as a potential target of therapeutic action. Ascorbic acid (AA) is considered to act pro-oxidative against OS-CSC in vitro by oxidative effect and by inhibition of glycolysis. This study examined an in vitro impact of AA on OS-CSC metabolism isolated from patients’ biopsies, with the aim of better understanding of OS-CSC metabolism and the action of AA on OS-CSC. OS-CSC were isolated using a sphere culture system and identified as stem cells using Hoechst 33342 exclusion assay. Determination of the dominant type of metabolism of OS-CSC, parental OS cells, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) and U2OS OS lineage before and after AA treatment was done by Seahorse XF (Agilent). Cytotoxicity of high-dose AA was confirmed by the MTT test and was proven for all the examined cell types as well as HEK293. Seahorse technology showed that OS-CSC can potentially use both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and can turn to glycolysis and slow metabolic potential in unfavorable conditions such as incubation in AA.