bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“All of the things to everyone everywhere”: A mixed methods analysis of community perspectives on equitable access to monoclonal antibody treatment for COVID-19
Authors: Kwan Bethany M. , Sobczak Chelsea , Gorman Carol , Roberts Samantha , Owen Vanessa , Wynia Matthew K. , Ginde Adit A. , Pena-Jackson Griselda , Ziegler Owen , Ross DeCamp Lisa 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundNeutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment for COVID-19 prevents hospitalization and death but is underused, especially in racial/ethnic minority and rural populations. Reasons for underuse and inequity may include community member lack of awareness or healthcare access barriers, among others. This study assessed mAbs community awareness and opportunities for improving equitable mAb access.MethodsA concurrent mixed methods study including surveys and focus groups with adults with high-risk conditions or their proxy decision-makers. Surveys and focus group guides addressed diffusion of innovation theory factors. Descriptive statistics and Fisher’s exact method was used to report and compare survey findings by race and ethnicity. Rapid qualitative methods were used for focus group analysis.ResultsSurveys from 515 individuals (460 English, 54 Spanish, 1 Amharic), and 8 focus groups (6 English, 2 Spanish) with 69 participants, completed June 2021 to January 2022. Most survey respondents (75%) had heard little or nothing about mAbs, but 95% would consider getting mAb treatment. Hispanic/Latino and Non-Hispanic People of Color (POC) reported less awareness, greater concern about intravenous infusions, and less trust in mAb safety and effectiveness than White, Non-Hispanic respondents. Focus group themes included little awareness but high interest in mAb treatment and concerns about cost and access barriers such as lacking established sources of care and travel from rural communities. Focus groups revealed preferences for broad-reaching but tailored messaging strategies using multiple media and trusted community leaders.ConclusionsDespite unfamiliarity with mAb treatment, most respondents were open to receiving mAbs or recommending mAbs to others. While mAb messaging should have broad reach “to everyone everywhere,” racial and geographic disparities in awareness and trust about mAbs underscore need for tailored messaging to promote equitable access. Care processes should address patient-level barriers like transportation, insurance, or primary care access. COVID-19 treatment dissemination strategies should promote health equity.
Experimental factors that impact CaV1.2 channel pharmacology—Effects of recording temperature, charge carrier, and quantification of drug effects on the step and ramp currents elicited by the “step-step-ramp” voltage protocol
Authors: Ren Ming , Randolph Aaron L. , Alvarez-Baron Claudia , Guo Donglin , Tran Phu N. , Thiebaud Nicolas , Sheng Jiansong , Zhao Jun , Wu Wendy W. 
Published: November 2022

Background and purpose
CaV1.2 channels contribute to action potential upstroke in pacemaker cells, plateau potential in working myocytes, and initiate excitation-contraction coupling. Understanding drug action on CaV1.2 channels may inform potential impact on cardiac function. However, literature shows large degrees of variability between CaV1.2 pharmacology generated by different laboratories, casting doubt regarding the utility of these data to predict or interpret clinical outcomes. This study examined experimental factors that may impact CaV1.2 pharmacology.

Experimental approach
Whole cell recordings were made on CaV1.2 overexpression cells. Current was evoked using a “step-step-ramp” waveform that elicited a step and a ramp current. Experimental factors examined were: 1) near physiological vs. room temperature for recording, 2) drug inhibition of the step vs. the ramp current, and 3) Ca2+ vs. Ba2+ as the charge carrier. Eight drugs were studied.

Key results
CaV1.2 current exhibited prominent rundown, exquisite temperature sensitivity, and required a high degree of series resistance compensation to optimize voltage control. Temperature-dependent effects were examined for verapamil and methadone. Verapamil’s block potency shifted by up to 4X between room to near physiological temperature. Methadone exhibited facilitatory and inhibitory effects at near physiological temperature, and only inhibitory effect at room temperature. Most drugs inhibited the ramp current more potently than the step current—a preference enhanced when Ba2+ was the charge carrier. The slopes of the concentration-inhibition relationships for many drugs were shallow, temperature-dependent, and differed between the step and the ramp current.

Conclusions and implications
All experimental factors examined affected CaV1.2 pharmacology. In addition, whole cell CaV1.2 current characteristics—rundown, temperature sensitivity, and impact of series resistance—are also factors that can impact pharmacology. Drug effects on CaV1.2 channels appear more complex than simple pore block mechanism. Normalizing laboratory-specific approaches is key to improve inter-laboratory data reproducibility. Releasing original electrophysiology records is essential to promote transparency and enable the independent evaluation of data quality.
Delivering a Pro Bono Clinic during the Pandemic
Authors: Ng Patricia 
Published: November 2022

This article provides a snapshot of the modified pro bono clinic that the Mary Ward Legal Centre has been delivering since the start of the pandemic and contextualizes the work that the pro bono clinic delivers within a discussion on access to justice, everyday problems and the current legal landscape.
Keywords: pandemic; access to justice; vulnerable litigants-in-person; pro bono clinics; digitization of courts.
In the Shadow of the Law
Authors: Hubail Fatema 
Published: November 2022

With the emergence of the Covid-19 global pandemic, the questions of gender and sect have been reintroduced in Bahraini media as examples, spectacles and objects of critique. The pandemic does not only carry a health risk, but it has also become a means of social-conditioning, surveillance and the reification of difference for Bahrainis. In the cases of Ania and Fatima, the pandemic was a time that defined key moments in their lives: their ability to name and shame their abusers online. However, as these women bravely shared their stories, they were confronted by social and cultural forces that attempted to silence them. Although these two testimonies are not representative of all women’s experiences in Bahrain, they shed light on the various legal, familial and social structures that affect women’s lived experiences. This research will further explore the legal and social silencing of women’s lived experiences through the lens of the Covid-19 pandemic. This research aspires to carve an academic space that brings some justice to these women, by sharing their experiences in light of the emerging sociopolitical, sociolegal and cultural contexts of their society. In this research, I answer the following questions: (1) to what extent does Law No 19 of 2017 on the Family Law (also known as the Unified Family Law of 2017) perpetuate silencing on the grounds of gender and sect throughout the pandemic in Bahrain? And (2) to what extent has the Covid-19 pandemic amplified the expectations ascribed to women on the grounds of gender and sect in Bahrain? The focus on the Unified Bahraini Family Law of 2017 is vital to understanding the social expectations that frame women’s lived experiences in Bahrain. It complicates the lives of women, as the state imagines unification, but the reality suggests that women are found at the intersection of gender, sect, structures of kin, trauma and, lastly, the sociopolitical implications of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Keywords: digital space; marginalization; Covid-19 pandemic; Bahraini family law; sect.
DIAGNÓSTICO DAS ÁREAS DE OCUPAÇÃO INADEQUADA A PARTIR DA DELIMITAÇÃO DAS ÁREAS DE PROTEÇÃO PERMANENTE NO MUNICÍPIO DE VIÇOSA - MG
Authors: Alves Patrícia Layne , Calijuri Maria Lúcia 
Published: November 2022

Este artigo objetivou apresentar as relações contraditórias entre as questões sócio-ambientais e legislações urbanísticas através da elaboração de um diagnóstico das áreas inadequadas para ocupação urbana no município de Viçosa, MG, a partir da delimitação das ï¿½?reas de Proteção Permanente (APPs), com base na legislação ambiental federal e no Plano Diretor de Desenvolvimento Urbano do município. Utilizando-se o Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) delimitaram-se as APPs situadas nas áreas de encostas com declividades maiores que 45° (453,8 ha.), topos de morro (372 ha.), 15m ao longo da malha ferroviária (26,2 ha.) e 30m das margens dos cursos d'água (175,7 ha.), totalizando 1027,7 ha. de áreas inadequadas Ã ocupação urbana. Sobrepondo as APPs aos limites dos bairros da área urbana e a imagem de satélite do município (2008) obteve-se 79% de áreas de APPs pertencentes aos limites urbanos (bairros) onde se estima a existência de um contingente populacional de 13.079 habitantes.
FÓSSEIS E IDADE DE UM SETOR DA BARREIRA PLEISTOCÊNICA PARANAENSE1
Authors: Branco José Carlos , Angulo Rodolfo José , Souza Maria Cristina de , Disaró Sibelle Trevisan , Pupo Daniel Vicente , Scheel-Ybert Rita , Gonçalves Thaís , Pessenda Luis Carlos 
Published: November 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar o conteúdo fossilífero dos depósitos que constituem a planície com cordões litorâneos pleistocênica para auxiliar na interpretação dos ambientes de deposicionais, na determinação de paleoníveis marinhos. Foram identificadas as seguintes fácies: areia com estratificação cruzada swaley (Ssw), planar (Sp), acanalada (St), sigmóide (Ssg), de baixo ângulo (Sli); areia com ondulações e laminação cruzada (Sr), maciça (Sm), com acamamento flaser (Sf); lama maciça (Fm) e lama com linsen (Fl). Associados a esta fácies foram observados tubos, moldes de conchas e fragmentos e detritos vegetais. As associações de fácies correspondem a um sistema clástico dominado por ondas com influência de maré num contexto de delta de enchente. Foram identificados dois ichnofósseis: Ophiomorpha atribuída a Callichirus sp e moldes de bivalves. Nos areais ocorrem troncos, raízes e outros fragmentos de madeira associados a lama (fácies Fm e Fl), que foram identificadas como Ilex sp (Aquifoliaceae), Inga sp (Leguminosae Mimosoideae), Calyptranthes sp (Myrtaceae) e Laguncularia racemosa (Combretaceae). Nos testemunhos de sondagens o foraminífero Blysmasphaera brasiliensis, espécies características de mangue e estuários. A amostra de madeira proveniente da fácies de lama maciça (Fm), forneceu idade > 40.000 anos A.P. Tubos de Ophiomorpha atribuídos a Callichirus sp, permitem estimar que o paleonível marinho Ã época de formação da barreira era de oito 8 m superior ao atual. A espécie Blysmasphaera brasiliensis indica fácies depositadas em ambiente estuarino ou marinho raso.
CERRADOS: PELOS CAMPOS HÁ FOME
Authors: Lima João Donizete 
Published: November 2022

The project of national integration seeking the economical development, they brought
for the area of the Brazilian savannah, besides the degradation of your ecosystem, socioeconomic contrasts. For the geo-environmental characteristics of the savannahs and for presenting disparities in the space occupation. A great need exists of motivating researches, looking for a better understanding of that ecosystem, to maintain the balance of the natural resources in way to contribute for a more rational human occupation.
ANÁLISE DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS DE MATERIAIS SUPERFICIAIS EM FUNÇÃO DA APLICAÇÃO DE LODO ESTABILIZADO EM ÁREA DE CULTIVO DE CITRUS, EM ARAGUARI (MG)
Authors: Rodrigues Sílvio Carlos , Silva Josenilson Bernardo da , Vieira Wellington Carlos 
Published: November 2022

This paper presents the results of an evaluation of the main characteristics of
landforms located at Araguari County where stabilized slime have been scattered
over the soil surface. These characteristics have special importance to determine
the soil capacity of assimilation nutrients and other minerals that exist in this kind
of slime provided by frigorific.

Keywords: relief and toposequence analysis, infiltration capacity, soil materials
O DESENVOLVIMENTO AGRÍCOLA DA REGIÃO CENTRO-OESTE E AS TRANSFORMAÇÕES NO ESPAÇO AGRÁRIO DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS
Authors: Bezerra Luiza Maria Capanema , Cleps Junior João 
Published: November 2022

No presente artigo, será apresentado o processo de
desenvolvimento agrícola da região Centro-Oeste. A análise compreende período que abrange desde a década de 1930, momento em que o país inicia o processo de transição para o capital industrial, até meados da década de 1990, período caracterizado por grandes mudanças na política agrícola, que, por sua vez, se refletiram no desenvolvimento agrícola dessa região. No decorrer do texto, serão ressaltadas a participação de Goiás no processo de desenvolvimento agrícola do Centro-Oeste e as implicações do papel do Estado, como grande indutor desse desenvolvimento.
DIAGNÓSTICO AMBIENTAL DA MICROBACIA DO CÓRREGO DO MELO EM UBERABA (MG)
Authors: Gobbi Giovanni Arthur Ferreira , Torres Jose Luiz Rodrigues , Fabian Adelar Jose 
Published: November 2022

Este estudo visa realizar o diagnóstico ambiental da microbacia do córrego Melo, caracterizando morfometricamente a área e avaliando a qualidade da água. A deterioração social (FS) foi de 44 %, valor médio-baixo. As casas são de alvenaria, água de poço freático, fossa séptica e o lixo são queimados ou enterrados. A deterioração econômica (FE) foi de 82 %, valor elevado. A produtividade é baixa e voltada para subsistência, estando baseada na pecuária leiteira. A deterioração tecnológica (FT) foi de 78 %, valor elevado, estando associados ao tipo de exploração agrícola rudimentar. A deterioração sócio-econômica (SE) foi de 68 % (FS + FE + FT/3), índice elevado, que limita as condições de vida da população local. A deterioração ambiental foi de 63 %, valor elevado, diretamente ligado deterioração ambiental observada. As maiorias das erosões são causadas pela água de escoamento direcionada pela linha de trem que corta a microbacia. Com relação à morfometria, a área de drenagem encontrada foi de 12,5 km², e o perímetro de 19,20 km. A microbacia tem formato alongado, que são justificados por um Kc de 1,52, Kf de 0,30 e Ic de 0,43. A Dd obtida foi de 1,34 km/ km², que indica baixo risco de ocorrência de enchentes na área. A água foi analisada segundo parâmetros de qualidade biológica, na nascente e foz. Foi constatado à presença de coliformes acima do permitido pelos parâmetros de potabilidade para consumo humano.
Changes in Argumentation Performance: Effects of Teacher-Student Collaborative Assessment
Authors: Xu Xiaoyan , Zhong Yuexin , Shao Zimeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper compares the effectiveness of one-semester-long instruction of teacher-student collaborative assessment (TSCA) and trained peer review assessment (TPRA). Dependent variables include occurrence of structural elements of the simplified Toulmin model, and improvement of argumentation substance which refers to the quality of reasoning reflected in Toulmin structural elements. Eighty-one sophomore English majors from TSCA group (n=41) and TPRA group (n= 40) were asked to construct two argumentative essays at both the beginning and the end of the semester. The results reveal that the TSCA group produced significantly more counterargument claims and rebuttal data. Additionally, the TSCA group significantly outperformed TPRA group in constructing stronger counterargument claim, rebuttal claim and rebuttal data.
Geotechnical correlations of soil properties in Hilla City – Iraq
Authors: Salih Mustafa Musa , Jawad Faris Waleed , Al-Ameri Abbas Fadhil Ibrahim , Abdulhameed Ali A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this research, the geotechnical properties of the soil profile in Hilla city within Babylon Governorate in the middle parts of Iraq are described. The geotechnical data at the specific sites were collected from some geotechnical investigation reports performed at some selected locations. This article is devoted to studying the distribution of soil properties (the physical and mechanical) in the horizontal and vertical directions. Moreover, a correlation between different physical and mechanical properties is performed. The correlation is executed using statistical analysis by Microsoft Excel Software (2016). From the regression results, it was found that the nature of the soil is cohesive up to 15 m under the natural ground level, and the soil will change to noncohesive. The new line in the plasticity chart has been drawn parallel to A-line especially for the investigated region, the shear strength parameters depend on the consistency of the soil and the depth, and finally, there is a direct correlation between mechanical and physical parameters. Using these correlations with some available information help to predict the value of shear strength and consolidation parameters.
General Independent Competing Risks for Maintenance Analysis
Authors: Krit Makram 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Repairable systems are submitted to corrective maintenance and condition-based preventive maintenance actions. Condition-based preventive maintenance occurs at times which are determined according to the results of inspections and degradation or operation controls. The generalization of the models suggested makes it possible to integrate the dependence between corrective and preventive maintenances. In order to take into account this dependency and the possibility of imperfect maintenances, generalized competing risks models have been presented in Doyen and Gaudoin (2006). In this study, we revise the general case in which the potential times to next corrective and preventive maintenance are independent conditionally to the past of the maintenance process. We address the identifiability issue and we find a result similar to that of Zhou, Lu, Shi and Cheng (2018) for usual competing risks. We propose realistic models with exponential risks and derive their likelihood functions.
The impact of different glossing conditions on the learning of EFL single words and collocations in reading
Authors: Jung Jookyoung , Wang Honglan , Li Weiyi , Zhang Wenrui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Thus far, glossing studies have remained at the level of individual words rather than including their lexical environment. To fill this gap, the present study explored if different glossing conditions would have a distinct impact on L2 reading comprehension and incidental lexical and collocational learning. Sixty-three first language (L1) Cantonese speakers read two English stories that contained 12 adjective-pseudonoun collocations. The participants were placed in one of the three conditions, i.e., unglossed, single-word glossed, and collocation glossed. Participants’ reading comprehension was measured with twelve true-or-false statements for each story, and their lexical and collocational learning was assessed using unannounced recognition and recall tests. The results revealed that collocational glossing promoted reading comprehension significantly compared to the other two reading conditions. In addition, while both glossing conditions promoted lexical and collocational knowledge in the immediate posttest, collocational glossing demonstrated a more durable facilitative impact in the delayed posttest.
The transitivity of primary conjugacy in regular ω-semigroups
Authors: Liu Xin , Wang Shoufeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The conjugacy relation plays an important role in group theory and the conjugacy relation of groups has been generalized to semigroups in various methods by several authors. If

a

a

and

b

b

are elements of a semigroup

S

S

, then

a

a

is called primarily conjugate to

b

b

if

a
=
u
v

a=uv

and

b
=
v
u

b=vu

for some

u
,
v
∈

S

1

u,v\in {S}^{1}

. In general, primary conjugacy is reflexive and symmetric, but not transitive. Finding the classes of semigroups in which the primary conjugacy is transitive is an open problem raised by Araújo et al. in the literature. In this article, among other things we prove that the primary conjugacy is transitive in regular

ω

\omega

-semigroups.
Purification and characterisation of phytochemicals extracted from Rhizophora mucronata: Their efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in Catla catla
Authors: Beulah Gurram , Deepthimahanthi Divya , Simhachalam Gullipalli , Chintagunta Anjani Devi , Sravya Machiraju Venkata Naga , Kumar Nune Satya Sampath 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The aim of this work is to purify and characterise bioactive molecules from various solvent extracts prepared with the leaves of Rhizophora mucronata, a mangrove plant. In vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of n-hexane, diethyl ether, ethanol, and aqueous extracts (AEs) against Bacillus subtilis (0.4 ± 0.1, 1.1 ± 0.3, 0.9 ± 0.1, and 1.2 ± 0.7 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (1.2 ± 0.1, 2.3 ± 0.5, 3.2 ± 1.2, and 4.4 ± 1.7 mm), Klebsiella pneumoniae (0.5 ± 0.3, 1.7 ± 0.4, 3.9 ± 1.4, and 3.9 ± 0.9 mm), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (0.2 ± 0.1, 2.5 ± 0.6, 3.7 ± 0.5, and 4.2 ± 1.3 mm) has proven to act as potent similar to that of commercial antibiotic. Corresponding to antibacterial activity result, antioxidant activity was also higher for AE (75.97% ± 0.5%) compared to remaining extracts (73.77% ± 2.5%, 69.99% ± 0.4%, and 65.24% ± 1.8%) at a concentration of 500 μg·mL−1. Considering both the activities, AE was selected for separation of bioactive molecule by deploying two purification techniques – column chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography consecutively. After purification, the sample was injected into mass spectrometer and the presence of N-p-coumaroyltyramine and luteolin with excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties (13.1 ± 2.2 mm and 80.9% ± 2.3%, respectively) were recognised. Further, in vivo investigations on Catla catla fingerlings infected with P. aeruginosa indicated that partially purified extracts cured the infection and resulted in a 100% survival rate.
Drafts of kiṣirtus in the Middle Assyrian Administrative Archives
Authors: Wang Jinyan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present article recognizes a new category of documents in the Middle Assyrian administrative archives — drafts of kiṣirtus. It uses two archives as case studies: the flock-master’s archive from Tell Ali and the archive of Mutta, the animal-fattener from Assur. The identification of kiṣirtu drafts contributes to the reconstruction of the Middle Assyrian administrative record-keeping practice.
Responsabilidad internacional del Estado colombiano por reclutamiento ilícito de los actores armados ilegales
Authors: Bejarano García Irma 
Published: November 2022

Colombia tiene el conflicto armado interno más antiguo del continente americano. De 1998 a 2016 ha habido varios procesos de negociación de paz entre el Gobierno colombiano y la guerrilla de las farc-ep. La paz es considerada un derecho humano. En uno de los procesos de negociación se acordó la desmilitarización de un territorio de 42.000 kilómetros cuadrados, en donde se desplegaron los escenarios más infames de vulneración de Derechos Humanos e infracciones al Derecho Internacional Humanitario, al igual que lo continuaron haciendo desde otros escenarios en que, rodeados de anillos de seguridad, se ufanaban de ser de su propia jurisdicción.
Los niños, niñas y adolescentes, además del reclutamiento, también fueron víctimas de actos de violencia sexual por parte de las farc-ep. Colombia tiene obligaciones internacionales e internas de protección jurídica, formal, material y prevalente, de los niños, niñas y adolescentes. El Estado colombiano es responsable internacionalmente cuando no los protege o no los repara.