bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fog and dew impacts the hydrological balance in a montane chaparral community
Authors: Gillespie Breahna , Oechel Walter C , Lai Chun-Ta 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The dry climate of southern California chaparral can cause substantive water stress on ecosystems that limits productivity throughout the year. From the mid-20th century, fog-days have happened less frequently and with decreasing levels of thickness in southern California (Witiw & LaDochy 2008), yet summer fog and higher winter precipitation have been found as key factors that explain the compositional diversity of the maritime chaparral community (Vasey et al. 2014). While the meteorological impact of fog lessens surface radiation in chaparral, the seasonal influence of year-round fog events on chaparral species remained uncertain. In particular, the effect of fog and dew on chaparral water supply and water stress has not been well understood. This includes for chamise (Adenostoma fasciculatum) and redshank (A. sparsifolium), two common, co-occurring species in semi-arid montane chaparral communities of southern California. Evaluating evapotranspiration, precipitation, and fog and dew from an eddy covariance tower system we estimated seasonal daily contributions of fog and dew water in a watershed at Sky Oaks Biological Field Station Reserve, California, USA, from May 2019 to April 2020. A leaf wetness sensor (LWS) measured the amount of water deposited during fog conditions or dew events, showing the highest deposition and longest duration in spring, and the lightest and shortest fog and dew presence during summer. The fog and dew water deposition typically peaked between 00:00 and 06:00 and totaled 97.3 mm y− 1 during the study period. Despite the low fog and dew deposition rates in the summer (20.5 mm) it was the only season when the amount of fog and dew water was greater than precipitation (10.3 mm). Based on stable isotope measurements, chamise absorbed more water from atmospheric sources (rain and fog + dew) than redshank across seasons, yet redshank had a higher foliar uptake capacity for liquid water than chamise in laboratory tests. This study suggests that the importance of fog and dew as a water source is species dependent, and that fog and dew water input may influence community structure and overall water balance in semi-arid shrublands. The intensity and frequency of fog and dew occurrence under future climate conditions may therefore be important to the future structure and functioning of this chaparral ecosystems.
Investigating the physicochemical properties of permeate-based orange beverage powder prepared by foam mat drying method
Authors: Nemati Azita , Motamedzadegan Ali , Milani Jafar M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Permeate is the by-product of the ultrafiltration in a kind of cheese making process, and as a waste disposal of dairy companies, was applied in production of orange beverage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of using the foam mat drying method to prepare permeate-based orange beverage powder while maintaining its physicochemical properties. In 3 order to prepare the beverage foam, the desired amounts of egg white 4% and basil gum solution 0.2% were added to the orange beverage and were mixed for 6 minutes. Drying was performed under different temperatures (45, 65, and 80°C) and microwave power (360, 600 and 900 W) and freeze-dryer with (3 mm) thickness. Some properties of the beverage powder including moisture content, water activity, solubility, water binding capacity, rehydrating the powder, hygroscopy, flowability, porosity, pH, color, DSC, and FTIR characteristics were investigated. It was observed that freeze dried beverage powder had the maximum solubility and highest flowability.
Determinants of Husbands’ Involvement in Promoting Skilled-Delivery Attendants in Deder Town, Oromiya, Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Abdusamed , Kifle Gizaw , Mume Abas , Abdullahi Yassin , Abdulwehab Remziya , Beshir Furo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Husbands’ involvement strategies are employed as a means to support their wives to access care, address the influence of gender inequality on maternal and newborn health and promote husbands positive involvement as fathers. Yet, evidence on the husbands’ involvement in promoting skilled-delivery attendants in Ethiopia is scarce which limits the facility to improve institutional delivery services. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the determinants of husbands’ involvement in promoting skilled-delivery attendants among fathers of children of less than one year in Deder town, Oromiya, Ethiopia.
Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire among 399 fathers selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through face to face interview from March 24 to April 20, 2021. Data entry was done by Epi-data version-4.2 and analyzed with SPSS version-21. Descriptive analyses used frequency, mean and median and presented by tables and figures. Level of significance was set at p-value ≤ 0.05 for multivariable logistic regression and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the degree of statistical significance of dependent and independent variables.
Result
The prevalence of husbands’ involvement in promoting skilled-delivery attendants was 84.2%. Age group of 25 to 29 years (AOR = 2.63, CI: 1.124–6.142), prior knowledge of skilled-delivery attendants (AOR = 2.75, CI: 1.456–5.205) and good attitude on skilled-delivery attendants (AOR = 2.46, CI: 1.227–4.948) were statistically significant determinants of husbands’ involvement in promoting skilled-delivery attendants.
Conclusion and recommendation:
This study revealed that the husbands’ involvement in skilled-delivery attendants was high. Age, level of knowledge and attitude were the significant determinants of husbands’ involvement in promoting skilled-delivery attendants. Therefore, improving husbands’ level of knowledge and attitude towards skilled-delivery attendants are needed.
Optical coherence tomography angiography follow-up for long-term outcomes of conbercept treatment for myopic choroidal neovascularisation and idiopathic choroidal neovascularisation
Authors: Huang Chunmei , Hao Yanlei , Zhu Wei , Yuan Zhongfang , Liu Jiehui , Ma Yan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was performed as a follow-up to report 2-year outcomes of the use of two initial doses of intravitreal conbercept in subjects with myopic choroidal neovascularisation (mCNV) and idiopathic choroidal neovascularisation (iCNV).Methods: 20 consecutive subjects with mCNV (group A) and 18 with iCNV (group B) were enrolled in this retrospective study. Subjects received 1.0 mg intravitreal conbercept at diagnosis and again 35 days later. Further injections of conbercept were needed when best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) decreased; upon aggravation of metamorphosis, macular oedema, or haemorrhage; increased retinal thickness as documented by OCT; or leakage documented by OCTA.Results: Group A comprised 8 men and 12 women (mean age, 31.72years). The mean follow-up duration was 24.95±1.03months (range: 23.5-27.2 months). Group B patients comprised 8 men and 10 women (mean age, 30.22 years). The mean follow-up duration was 25.67±1.35months (range: 24.5-­29.5 months). Following intravitreal conbercept injection, vision improved in 17 group A subjects and 15 group B subjects. Vision remained stable in 3 group A and 3 group B subjects. The mean BCVA of group A improved from baseline logMAR 0.31±0.16 to logMAR 0.12±0.03 at the final follow-up(P=0.000); the mean BCVA of group B improved from baseline at logMAR0.33±0.16 to logMAR0.12±0.03 at the final follow-up(P=0.000). Metamorphopsia was reduced. The mean central retinal thickness at the last postoperative visits were reduced from pre-treatment levels of 311.83±30.95 in group A and 351.17±37.09 in group B to 229.56±5.75 and 227.67±4.98μm, respectively (P = 0.000 in group A and P = 0.000 in group B). The injections were well tolerated by all subjects, with no ocular or systemic complications.Conclusion: OCTA used for mCNV and iCNV follow-up showed that intravitreal injection of 1 mg conbercept was effective in improving and stabilising vision as well as dramatically alleviating metamorphopsia.
Perspectives and quality of life in skin of color patients with mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Abraham Jaclyn , Wei Grace , Desai Seemal R. , Chen Pei-Ling , Seminario-Vidal Lucia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Prior quantitative studies have described diminished health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) faced by the mycosis fungoides (MF)/Sézary syndrome (SS) population, yet little is known about how they specifically affect HRQoL in patients with skin of color (SOC). The objective of this qualitative study was to gain insights into the lived experiences of SOC patients with MF/SS and the disease’s impact on various facets of HRQoL. Methods: Interviews with SOC patients with MF/SS ≥18 recruited from a cutaneous lymphoma clinic. A thematic analysis was performed to identify overarching themes.Results: Ten patients were invited to participate during July to September 2021. One SS and seven MF patients [4 early stage, 4 advanced stage] with a median age of 60.5 years agreed to participate. Emerging themes included diagnostic and therapeutic delays frequently due to initial misdiagnoses with other skin conditions. Physical and functional burdens significantly hindered participants’ abilities to carry out daily responsibilities and maintain employment. Impacts on physical appearance (e.g., darkened skin) led to increased self-consciousness and lack of social acceptance. Participants regarded family and faith as main sources of support, in addition to developing healthy coping strategies and personal growth, which included self-acceptance and adaptability. All participants reported feeling satisfied with their access to healthcare information and quality of care received. Conclusion: Our findings provide greater insight into how HRQoL is impacted across SOC patients with MF/SS, which can help raise awareness among healthcare providers and assist with creating interdisciplinary approaches of care to better support the needs of this population.
Fiscal policy and economic growth nexus: an empirical investigation from Somalia
Authors: Ali Abdullahi Osman , Mohamed Jama Mohamed , Mohamed Mohamed Osman 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Somalia’s high dollarization limited the role of monetary policy, thus making fiscal policy the main economic management tool for the government. Therefore, we adopted this finding to examine asymmetric impact of fiscal policy on economic growth in Somalia. The study adopted annual time series data covering from 1970-2019 and NARDL as estimation method. The result revealed the presence of cointegration among the variables. In the long-run the result shows that both increase and decrease of government expenditure has significant positive effect on economic growth but decrease in public expenditure has stronger effect on economic growth compared to government expenditure increase. The result also shows that decrease and increase of government expenditure has significant positive effect on economic growth in the short-run, although increase in government expenditure has stronger effect economic growth compared to decrease in government expenditure. the result outperformed various diagnostic test. Based on the result, the study recommends to policy makers to consider fiscal policy specifically public spending as an important channel of boosting economic growth. in addition, the study recommends, policy makers to channel public spending to the productive sectors of the economy and promote fiscal transparency as a means of realizing fiscal policy objectives.
Meta-QTL analysis explores the key genes, especially hormone related genes, involved in the regulation of grain water content and grain dehydration rate in maize.
Authors: Wang Wei , Ren Zhaobin , Li Lu , Du Yiping , Zhou Yuyi , Zhang Mingcai , Li Zhaohu , Yi Fei , Duan Liusheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Low grain water content (GWC) at harvest of maize (Zea mays L.) is essential for mechanical harvesting, transportation and storage. Grain drying rate (GDR) is a key determinant of GWC. Many quantitative trait locus (QTLs) related to GDR and GWC have been reported, however, the confidence interval (CI) of these QTLs are too large and few QTLs has been fine-mapped or even been cloned. Meta-QTL (MQTL) analysis is an effective method to integrate QTLs information in independent populations, which helps to understand the genetic structure of quantitative traits.
Results
In this study, MQTL analysis was performed using 282 QTLs from 25 experiments related GDR and GWC. Totally, 11 and 34 MQTLs were found to be associated with GDR and GWC, respectively. The average CI of GDR and GWC MQTLs was 24.44 and 22.13 cM which reduced the 57% and 65% compared to the average QTL interval for initial GDR and GWC QTL, respectively. Finally, 1494 and 5011 candidate genes related to GDR and GWC were identified in MQTL intervals, respectively. Among these genes, there are 48 genes related to hormone metabolism.
Conclusions
Our studies combined traditional QTL analyses, genome-wide association study and RNA-seq to analysis major locus for regulating GWC in maize.
Inconclusive evidence that breathing shapes pupil dynamics in humans: a systematic review
Authors: Schaefer Martin , Edwards Sylvia , Nordén Frans , Lundström Johan N. , Arshamian Artin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
More than fifty years ago it was proposed that breathing shapes pupil dynamics [7, 16]. This widespread idea is also the general understanding currently. However, there has been no attempt at synthesizing the progress on this topic since. We therefore conducted a systematic review (preregistered on Prospero; ID CRD42022285044) of the literature on how breathing affects pupil dynamics in humans. We assessed the effect of breathing phase, depth, rate, and route. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines [50], and conducted a systematic search of the scientific literature databases Medline, Web of Science, and PsycInfo in November 2021. Thirty-one studies were included in the final analyses, and their quality was assessed with QualSyst [32]. The study findings were summarized in a descriptive manner, and the strength of the evidence for each parameter was estimated following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach [18]. The effect of breathing phase on pupil dynamics was rated as “Low” (6 studies). The effect of breathing depth and breathing rate (6 and 20 studies respectively) were rated as “Very Low”. Breathing route was not investigated by any of the included studies. Overall, we show that there is, at best, inconclusive evidence for an effect of breathing on pupil dynamics in humans. Finally, we suggest some possible confounders to be considered, and outstanding questions that need to be addressed, to answer this fundamental question.
Future projection of the African easterly waves in a high-resolution atmospheric general circulation model
Authors: Raj Jerry , Bangalath Hamza Kunhu , Stenchikov Georgiy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Simulating the features of the African Easterly Waves (AEWs), such as their westward propagation off the coast, is challenging for coarseresolution climate models. In this study, we use High-Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM) to simulate AEWs and analyze their future projections by the end of the 21 st century. The simulations are performed globally at a horizontal resolution of ∼ 25km. The model uses shallow convective parameterization for moist convection and stratiform cloudiness. Future projections are conducted using representative concentration pathway 8.5. The AEWs are separated with respect to their periods as 3–5- and 6–9-day AEWs, and bandpass filtering is used to filter the waves from the mean flow. HiRAM simulates structure and propagation of the waves well; however, it tends to overestimate the associated precipitation. In the future, the AEW activity and intensity of the circulation will considerably increase. The northward extent of the AEW track also shows a significant increase in the future. The increased wave activity can be translated as more Atlantic hurricanes in the future because AEWs are the seed disturbances for cyclogenesis in this region.
Knowledge Graph Embeddings for ICU readmission prediction
Authors: Carvalho Ricardo Miguel Serafim , Oliveira Daniela , Pesquita Catia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Intensive Care Unit readmissions represent both a health riskfor patients and a financial burden for healthcare facilities. As healthcare became more data-driven with the introduction of Electronic Health Records, machine learning methods have been applied to predict Intensive Care Unit (ICU) readmission risk. However, these methods disregard the meaningand relationships of data objects and work blindly over clinical data without taking into account scientific knowledge and context. Ontologies and Knowledge Graphs can help bridge this gap between data and scientific context, as they are computational artefacts that represent the entities of adomain and their relationships to each other in a formalized way. Methods and Results: We have developed an approach that enriches Electronic Health Records data with semantic annotations to ontologies, and then generates Knowledge Graph embeddings to represent a patient’s stay in the ICU in a contextualized manner. These are used by machine learning models to predict the 30-day ICU readmission risk. This approach is based on several contributions: (1) an enrichment of the MIMIC-III dataset with patient-oriented annotations to various biomedical ontologies; (2) a predictive model of ICU readmission risk that uses Knowledge Graph embeddings to represent patient data using semantic annotations; (3) a variant of the predictive model that targets different time points during an ICU stay. Our predictive approaches outperformed both a baseline and state-of-the-art works achieving a mean Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) of 0.827 and an Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUPRC) of 0.691. The application of this novel approach to help clinicians decide whether a patient can be discharged has the potential to prevent the readmission of 40% of Intensive Care Unit patients, without unnecessarily prolonging the stay of those who would not require it.Conclusion: The coupling of semantic annotation and Knowledge Graph embeddings affords two clear advantages: they consider scientific context and they are able to build representations of Electronic Health Records (EHR) information of different types in a common format. This work demonstrates the potential for impact that integrating ontologies and Knowledge Graphs into clinical machine learning applications can have.
The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM9 ubiquitin-modified Beclin1 regulates autophagy to relieve myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury
Authors: Wang Limeiting , Wang Nan , Rao Peng , Li Changyan , Liu Xiang , Lv Rumin , Song Wenting , Sun Lin , Lu Di 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
TRI partite motif (TRIM) family proteins are RING finger domain-containing proteins that are related to the maintenance of cellular functions. TRIM9, a pivotal E3 ubiquitin ligase, and a member of TRIM family, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. However, the role of TRIM9 in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI) remains unknown. In this study, we found that TRIM9 expression is upregulated in MIRI in vivo and in vitro. The inhibition of TRIM9 expression further increased the protein levels of LC3II and p62, and they were elevated in the process of MIRI, suggesting the disruption of autophagic flow. Furthermore, we examined the cell viability, the result showed that when the ischemia reperfusion and TRIM9 knocked down both happened, which harmful to H9c2. Mechanistically, TRIM9 downregulated the expression of Beclin1, a crucial protein in autophagy, and promoted the ubiquitination of Beclin1, followed by a decreased expression of LC3II and p62. Collectively, our data revealed that TRIM9 could protect against MIRI and might be a novel influence factor for cardiovascular disease.
Blocking Cx43 alleviates neuropathic pain mediated by P2X4 receptor in CCI rats
Authors: Xing Juping , Wang Hongji , Chen Lisha , Wang Hanxi , Huang Huan , Huang Jiabao , Xu Changshui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The current treatment strategy for pain is still the application of traditional analgesic drugs to relieve pain but with many side effects. Therefore, neuropathic pain is a growing concern in the medical community, and the search for new analgesic targets for neuropathic pain has become a new hot spot. In this study, we examined whether Cx43 have the key role in response to peripheral nerve injury in P2X4 receptor-mediated neuropathic pain rats, thereby activating large numbers of satellite glial cells and neurons. Methods: A rat model of chronic compression injury of the sciatic nerve was established, and the dorsal root ganglion and serum were examined at the relevant molecular levels using western blot, quantitative fluorescent PCR, multiplex immunofluorescence and ELISA. Results: Our results confirm an important role for Cx43 in P2X4 receptor-mediated neuropathic pain. The release of ATP from Cx43 into the extracellular space activates itself and neighboring satellite glial cells and triggers a cascade amplification effect of inflammation, creating an inflammatory microenvironment that ultimately leads to neuronal sensitization of neuropathic pain in CCI rats. Conclusions: In brief, blockade of CX43 could attenuate P2X4 receptor-mediated neuropathic pain in rats suffering from CCI, and Cx43may be promising therapeutic targets for the development of novel pharmacological agents in the management of neuropathic pain.
Dissipative-based Sampled-data Control for T-S Fuzzy Wind Turbine System Via Fragmented-delayed State Looped Functional Approach
Authors: Anbalagan Pratap , Joo Young Hoon 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study analyzes the problem of dissipative-based fuzzy sampled-data control mechanism for variable-speed wind turbine system (WTS) by fragmented-delayed state looped functional (FDSLF) framework. First, the proposed nonlinear variable-speed WTS is transformed into linear subsystems based on the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy approach. Then, the concept of coupling leakage time-varying delay is proposed to construct a more generalized T-S fuzzy model. After that, two novel integral inequalities are introduced to tackle the derivative of the time-dependent looped Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF). Besides, an improved FDSLF approach is presented such that the considered LKF can contain more information on fragmented-delayed states and sampling intervals from tk to tk+1. Based on this FDSLF approach, some sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the addressed system is asymptotically stable under an optimizing performance index. And then, the desirable control gains are obtained by solving the linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) with bounds of sampling intervals. Finally, the derived conditions are validated with the considered model and verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.