bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodontitis aggravates diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders through intestinal translocation of P. gingivalis and inactivation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling
Authors: Niu Chenguang , Lv Wanqi , Zhu Xiaohan , Dong Zhengjie , Yuan Keyong , Jin Qiaoqiao , Zhang Pengfei , Li Peilun , Mao Mengying , Dong Ting , Chen Zhanyi , Luo Junyuan , Hou Lili , Zhang Chenyang , Hao Keyi , Chen Si , Huang Zhengwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Metabolic disorders are prevalent health concerns worldwide, and periodontitis, an oral inflammatory disease, has been emphasized as a risk factor. Increasing evidence has indicated the role of gut microbiota and its derived metabolites during the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. Given that the oral and gut mucosae are physically connected, it is possible that the periodontopathic bacterium may invade and alter the gut microbiota to aggravate metabolic disorders. In this study, a periodontitis mouse model was established to evaluate metabolic disorders induced by high fat diet (HFD). Metabolic labeling and in vivo imaging were introduced to determine the intestinal translocation of periodontopathic bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Moreover, metagenome sequencing and nontargeted metabolomics analysis were applied to investigate the mechanism underlying periodontitis and metabolic disorders. Results: Our study demonstrated that periodontitis aggravated metabolic disorders induced by HFD in C57BL6/N mice. P. gingivalis, a main periodontopathic bacterium, was enriched in the feces of mice with periodontitis. Moreover, the orally administered P. gingivalis could translocate to the gastrointestinal tract alive, and elicit metabolic disorders, while administration of the pasteurized P. gingivalis had no effect. Metagenome sequencing indicated that administration altered the composition, abundance, and function of gut microbiota, in which “tryptophan metabolism pathway” demonstrated a significant difference. Nontargeted metabolomics analysis revealed indole and its derivatives were decreased with P. gingivalis administration, leading to inactivation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling. Moreover, supplementation with Ficz, an AhR agonist, alleviated periodontitis-associated metabolic disorders, in which the restoration of gut barrier function might play an important role. Conclusions: Our study illustrated that periodontitis aggravated diet-induced metabolic disorders through intestinal translocation of pathogenic bacterium P. gingivalis, which elicited gut microbiota dysfunction and decreased indole and its derivatives, leading to inactivation of AhR signaling. Supplementation of AhR agonist improved metabolic disorders by restoring AhR activity and the gut barrier function, providing a novel mechanism and treatment strategy linking periodontal disease and metabolic disorders.
Significant T Lymphocyte Response in Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: a Case Report
Authors: Ren Jingru , Yu Meng , Zheng Yiming , Guo Jing , Yao Yan , Hao Hongjun , Gao Feng , Liu Ran 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an acute onset, rapid progress immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. In 50-80% of the patients, cerebrospinal fluid analysis was abnormal. Some studies suggest that molecular simulation mechanism or direct infection of the central nervous system can cause autoimmune tolerance damage, resulting in perivascular inflammatory response and paraventricular demyelination in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Both the two cause the activation of T lymphocytes, leading to the imaging lesions and clinical manifestations.Case presentation: Herein we report an old man who presented acute disseminated encephalomyelitis without prodromal infection or vaccination injection history. We focused on the changes of lymphocyte subsets in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood during the course of the disease to explore the potential immunological mechanisms of the disease. Conclusion: We found that cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in patients during the acute phase of the disease, with a predominance of T lymphocytes. While methylprednisolone therapy plays a powerful role in suppressing T cell activation and autoimmune diseases, but the detailed molecular mechanisms still need further investigation.
Depletion of Toxoplasma adenine nucleotide translocator leads to defects in mitochondrial morphology
Authors: Liu Qun , Wu Yihan , Ying Zhu , Liu Jing , Sun Zhepeng , Li Shuang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) is a protein that catalyzes the exchange of ADP/ATP across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Beyond this, ANT is closely associated with cell death pathways and mitochondrial dysfunction. It is a potential therapeutic target for many diseases. The function of the ANT in T. gondii is poorly understood.MethodsThe CRISPR/CAS9 system was used to identify and study the function of the ANT protein in T. gondii. The location of TgANT was determined by proteinase K (PK) protection and mitochondrial permeabilization assays. Mitochondrial morphology was observed by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). ResultsOur results showed that T. gondii encoded an ANT protein, which was designated TgANT. TgANT localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). The proliferation of the Δant strain was significantly reduced. More important, depletion of TgANT resulted in significant morphological and ultrastructure changes in the mitochondria and abnormal cytoskeletal daughter budding. Furthermore, the pathogenicity of Δant strain to mice was significantly reduced.ConclusionsAltogether, we identified and characterized the ANT protein of T. gondii. Depletion of TgANT inhibited parasites growth and resulted in mitochondrial morphological defects and abnormal cytoskeletal daughter budding, suggesting TgANT is important for parasite growth.
Feasibility Study of Constructing a Screening Tool for Adolescent Diabetes Detection Applying Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Hu Hansel , Lai Tin , Farid Farnaz 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Prediabetes and diabetes are becoming alarmingly prevalent among adolescents over the past decade. However, an effective screening tool that can assess diabetes risks smoothly is still in its infancy. In order to contribute to such significant gaps, this research proposes a machine learning-based predictive model to detect adolescent diabetes. The model applies supervised machine learning along with a novel feature selection method on the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey datasets after an exhaustive search selecting reliable and accurate data. The best model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) score of 71%. This research proves that a screening tool based on supervised machine learning models can assist the automated detection of youth diabetes. It also identifies some critical predictors to such detection with a combination of Lasso Regression, Random Forest Importance and Gradient Boosted Tree Importance feature selection methods. The most contributing features to Youth diabetes detection are physical characteristics (waist, leg length, gender etc.), dietary information (water, protein, sodium etc.) and demographics (race). These predictors can be further utilised in other areas of medical research, such as electronic medical history.
Predicting Ground Subsidence Due to Long Term Oil/Gas Production in A Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria: Implications for CO2 EOR and Geosequestration
Authors: Abija Fidelis Ankwo , Abam Tamunoene. K. S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Reservoir pressure depletion with production leading to porosity loss, compaction and surface subsidence are the effect of effective stress changes and the imposition of the overburden stress which was partly supported by the fluids on the rock grain skeleton. Ground subsidence is associated with environmental hazards, failure of operational facilities and damages to infrastructures amounting to huge economic losses. In this studies, subsidence has been assessed using the Geertsma nucleus of strain based on predicted reservoir pressure. Depletion was estimated as percentage pore pressure dissipation and dynamically derived geomechanical and petrophysical rock properties determined. Reservoir porosity vary from 15% – 32%, shale volume from 11.2% - 88%, bulk compressibility range from 2.52 – 2.53 x 10−6 /mPa, and uniaxial compaction coefficient 1.15 – 1.8 x 10−6/mPa. The vertical compaction in a typical reservoir interval with a thickness of 31.0m varies from 0.002mm to 0.05mm at 10% formation pressure depletion, - 0.005mm to 0.27mm at 50% formation pressure drawdown and 0.007 to 0.53mm at 99% production and reservoir pressure dissipation. surface subsidence would range from 0.045mm to 0.35mm at 10% pressure depletion, 0.058mm to 1.8mm at 50% pressure depletion and 0.045mm to -3.47mm at full reservoir pressure drawdown. At a distance of 92.45km from the Niger Delta coastline, subsidence in the oilfield can still spread to the coastline, the deformation causing damages to the environment, operational facilities and infrastructures that amount to huge economic losses to the operators and government. We recommend the use of CO2 in EOR to maximize production, mitigate subsidence through ground rebound and keep carbon securely sequestered.
Female Sexual Function in Different Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Comparative Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yarjanli Mahsa , Sadatmahalleh Shahideh Jahanian , Mirzaei Negin , Azarbajani Khadijeh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) coexisting mood disorders along with a combination of aesthetic manifestations may have a detrimental effect on women's sexual function. Hence, different phenotypes of PCOS have different clinical and biochemical signs and symptoms. The aim of this study was to compare women's sexual function (SF) in different phenotypes of PCOS.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 364 women who met the Rotterdam diagnostic criteria to compare different PCOS phenotypes (A=95, B=78, C=95, and D=95). All patients were invited to fill out the female sexual function index (FSFI).Results: Significant differences were observed between the different phenotypes in terms of the total score, sexual desire, arousal, lubrication, and satisfaction (P<0.001); however, no significant differences were found between them in the terms of pain (P>0.05) and orgasm (P>0.05). In addition, phenotype B had the lowest mean score of total FSFI (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results indicated that women's SF is significantly different in different PCOS phenotypes. It is concluded that in order to solve the SF problems of women with PCOS, different treatment and care measures should be considered according to the relevant phenotype.
Antibiotic exposure prevents acquisition of beneficial metabolic functions in the preterm infant gut microbiome
Authors: Xu Yanping , Milburn Olivia , Beiersdorfer Traci , Du Lizhong , Akinbi Henry , Haslam David 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Aberrations in the preterm microbiome following antibiotic therapy have been reported in previous studies. The objective of this study was to probe potential underlying mechanisms between this observation and susceptibility to adverse prematurity-related outcomes. Results: Metagenomic shotgun sequencing was performed on 133 stool and 253 skin samples collected at 1 and 3 weeks of age from 68 infants born at <36 weeks postmenstrual age and birth weight <2000 g. After accounting for gestational age and maternal antibiotics, the distribution of organisms in all samples and the corresponding metabolic pathway abundance were compared between infants exposed to postnatal antibiotics and antibiotics-naïve infants. In antibiotic-naïve infants, gestational and postnatal age imparted similar trajectories on maturation of the microbial community and associated metabolic functional capacity, with postnatal age exerting greater contribution. Antibiotic exposure was associated with reversal in maturation trajectory from the first week to the third week of age (p< 0.001). Butyrate producing genera, including Clostridium and Blautia were significantly more abundant in antibiotic-naïve neonates at 3 weeks postnatal age. Correspondingly, metabolic pathways required for short chain fatty acid synthesis were significantly increased in antibiotic-naïve infants, but not in antibiotic-exposed neonates, at three weeks after birth. Conclusions: Early brief antibiotic exposure markedly disrupts developmental trajectory of the neonatal microbiome and its corresponding functional capacity. Our findings may provide a mechanistic explanation for the known associations between antibiotic use and adverse outcomes in preterm infants.
Profile and Triage Appropriateness of Trauma Patients Triaged Green: A Prospective Cohort Study from a Secondary Care Hospital in India
Authors: Anthony Aroke Anna , Dutta Rohini , Sarang Bhakti , David Siddarth , O'Reilly Gerard , Raykar Nakul , Khajanchi Monty , Attergrim Jonatan , Soni Kapil Dev , Sharma Naveen , Mohan Monali , Gadgil Anita , Roy Nobhojit , Wärnberg Martin Gerdin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Triage is an important component of in-hospital trauma care for adequate patient management and to avoid overcrowding in emergency departments (ED). Prioritising the evaluation of non-urgent patients may result in the diversion of workforce from patients requiring immediate care. However, not evaluating these patients may result in missed injuries and poor outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the profile of these non-urgent patients triaged ‘green’, as part of a triage-trial in a secondary-care hospital in India and validate this against the Cape Triage Score (CTS).Methods: We analysed data of patients triaged green in a prospective single-centre cohort study between July 2016 to November 2019. Clinicians at this triage-naive ED were introduced to a triage trial who then assigned a triage category to trauma patients, aged 18 years and above, on initial evaluation. Telephonic follow-up was performed for all patients included in the study. Triage appropriateness was retrospectively analysed using the CTS. Results: We included 4135 trauma patients triaged green. The mean age of patients was 32.8 (±13.1) years, 77% males. The median (IQR) length of stay of admitted patients was 3 (13) days. Half the patients had a mild Injury Severity Score (3-8), with the majority of injuries being blunt (98%). Of the patients triaged green, 97% came in as direct arrivals and 94.4% were discharged from the ED after initial evaluation. As per CTS, nearly three-quarters (74%) of patients were undertriaged ‘green’ by the clinicians in a triage-naive ED. Conclusion: ​​ Three-fourths (74%) of the patients triaged green by clinicians in a secondary care hospital in Mumbai were mistriaged when retrospectively analysed using CTS. This highlights the need for implementation and evaluation of trauma triage training for the in-hospital first responders (clinicians, nurses and other paramedical staff) in the EDs.
Effect of ozone–tea polyphenols as a drinking water disinfection process on antibiotic resistance genes
Authors: Feng Cui-min , Yu Hong-ying , Wang Ting , Li Jing , Sun Li-hua , Tao Xing-cheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the wide spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has brought tremendous risk to the biological safety of drinking water. With the increasing demand for drinking water quality, ARGs have been regarded as a new pollutant that may cause serious public health problems. A large number of studies have shown that the disinfection process of drinking water treatment plants can remove ARGs. However, the effects of traditional disinfection methods on ARGs have their own disadvantages. Tea polyphenols have attracted more and more researchers’ attention as a green, efficient and non-disinfection by-products disinfectant. The effect of the ozone–tea polyphenols disinfection process on ARGs in filtered effluent of waterworks was analyzed by using metagenomic sequencing. The result shows that the ozone–tea polyphenols disinfection process is suitable for specific raw water containing more tetracycline, sulfonamide, β-lactam, and aminoglycoside resistance genes, and the removal rate of total resistance genes in water is higher than the traditional disinfection process. The effect of the ozone–tea polyphenols disinfection process on ARGs is to reduce the transfer of ARGs by destroying ARGs molecules and inhibiting the proliferation of ARGs host cells. As an assistant disinfectant, tea polyphenols have significance for the ability to remove ARGs during traditional disinfection.
Performance analysis of a half-batch multi-cell three-dimensional electrode reactor for drilling wastewater: COD removal, energy consumption and hydrodynamic characteristic
Authors: Wang Li , Liang Hong , Huang Hong , Wang Qingchun , Yang Youli , Zheng Qiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Although a three-dimensional electrode system (3DES) has made remarkable achievements in improving the property of electrodes and investigating pollutant degradation mechanism, the design of an electrochemical reactor for application in drilling wastewater has not been reported yet. In this study, a novel half-batch multi-cell 3DES reactor was constructed by us to degrade organic compounds from drilling wastewater. The separate effect of electrolysis time, current density, the configuration of granular activated carbon (GAC) electrodes, aeration rate and volumetric recirculation flow on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and energy consumption of the half-batch reactor were analyzed, and further optimization via response surface methodology (RSM). Results showed that the optimal operation conditions for the reactor included electrolysis time of 100 min, a current density of 9.2 mA/cm2, GAC electrode vertical configuration, an aeration rate of 2.67 L/min and a volumetric recirculation flow of 100 mL/min. Under these conditions, the maximum percentage COD removal was found to be 97.39% with an energy consumption of 77.89 kWh(kg COD)−1. The residence time distribution (RTD) method was carried out in continuous flow pattern to investigate the hydrodynamic characteristics of the reactor. Results showed that flow rate was the most dominant factor for the flow pattern of the reactor, followed by the aeration rate and current density. The low dispersion number and the percentage of dead volume are 0.214 and 3.87% when the flow rate of 100 mL/min, respectively, which indicates that there is an intermediate flow pattern existing in between plug-flow ideal and complete mixing flow, furthermore, it is close to the plug-flow ideal.
Impact of the second phase of the eastern route of South-to-North water diversion project on distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus in Hongze Lake
Authors: Jiang Zhi , Liu Chang , Wang Shiyan , Li Cunwu , Zou Jiaxiang , Li Budong , Wu Weixiong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations are the fundamental factors affecting the nutrient status and productivity of lakes, and extrinsic inputs of N and P primarily cause eutrophication of lakes. In this essay, taking Hongze Lake as the study area, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality mathematical model of Hongze Lake was constructed, and based on calibration and verification of parameters, numerical simulation was performed on the changes in N and P concentrations in this lake after water transfer. The study results exhibited that before and after project construction, the absolute values of rates of changes in the annual average concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and permanganate index (CODMn) in Hongze Lake were all lower than 20%, which demonstrates marginal changes in the annual average concentrations. By analyzing the seasonal and spatial distribution characteristics of the concentrations of N, P and other pollutants in the lake area before and after the project operation, it is found that the main reasons that affect the water quality change in the lake area after the project operation are the newly added water transfer volume, water transfer location, and water transfer quality.
Good and Justice in the Context of Environmental Ethics
Authors: Mihailov Nikolai , Sakelarieva Lidia 
Published: March 2022

The article is an attempt to review some basic ethical concepts in their historical and substantive development, within the context of the environment and environmental knowledge. It also tries to answer the question whether there is a difference between traditional and environmental ethics. The comparative-historical method is used, which considers some classical ethical concepts and their interpretations related to the environment. The concepts of classical and modern scientists are also analyzed. The authors consider whether these concepts should be supplemented with new content in this area or should be reformulated in terms of moral relevance not only for the human community, but also for all non-human inhabitants of the environment. The article explores issues about the origin of morality, as well as some ideas about the moral status of attitudes among primates. More important conclusions are that ethics and environmental knowledge must be developed in cooperation in order to explain and form moral consciousness, a new type of ethos that does not allow indifference to the environment in human interaction with it, and that moral considerations should contain not only prescriptions for due human behavior in human society, but also obligations to non-human inhabitants of nature or to the environment.
A Review On Huntington Protein: Insight Into Protein Aggregation and Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Srinivasan Ekambaram , Ram Vavish , Rajasekaran Ramalingam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:Huntington's disease (HD) is a distressing, innate neurodegenerative disease that descends from CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene causing behavioral changes, motor dysfunction, and dementia in children and adults. Mutation in huntingtin (HTT) protein has been suggested to cause neuron loss in the cortex and striatum through various mechanisms, including abnormal regulation of transcription, proteasomal dysfunction, posttranslational modification, and other events regulating toxicity. Pathogenesis of HD involves cleavage of the huntingtin protein followed by the neuronal accumulation of its aggregated form. Several research groups made possible efforts to reduce huntingtin gene expression, protein accumulation, and protein aggregation using inhibitors and molecular chaperones as developing drugs against HD. Herein, we review the mechanism proposed towards the formation of HTT protein aggregation and the impact of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of HD.