bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análise das exodontias realizadas na atenção primária da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Sabadini Freitas Daniel Augusto , Abreu Scalzo Maria Tereza , Martins Renata Castro 
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as exodontias de dentes permanentes (exodontia de dente permanente e múltipla com alveoloplastia por sextante) realizadas na atenção primária da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (RMBH).
Métodos: Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado o banco de dados da produtividade da atenção primária, da RMBH, ano de 2017, disponibilizado pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A variável dependente foi o indicador nº 21 do SUS, que corresponde ao percentual de exodontias realizadas dentre os procedimentos da atenção primária, cujo parâmetro deve ser ≤ 8% (≤ 8% e > 8%). As variáveis independentes foram: dados sociodemográficos (localização, população, Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano – IDH e Índice de Gini) e de saúde (cobertura de Estratégia de Saúde da Família – ESF e Equipes de Saúde Bucal – ESB e presença de Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas – CEO). Associações foram avaliadas por meio dos testes do Qui-Quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher (p < 0,05), utilizando o programa SPSS 22.0.
Resultados: Foram analisados 49 municípios, sendo 67,3% do núcleo metropolitano. A mediana populacional foi de 25.537 habitantes, com IDH médio de 0,707 e Índice de Gini mediano de 0,464. As medianas de cobertura da ESF e ESB foram, respectivamente, 96,7% e 52,7%. Apenas 32,7% dos municípios apresentaram CEO. O indicador nº 21 do SUS apresentou uma mediana de 6,7%. Não houve associação entre o indicador nº 21 do SUS e as variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde (p > 0,05).
Conclusão: A RMBH apresentou valores satisfatórios em relação ao percentual de exodontias realizadas, provavelmente devido aos bons indicadores socioeconômicos e de saúde bucal apresentados.
Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde. Cirurgia bucal. Serviços de saúde bucal.
Stiffness and thickness of the upper trapezius muscle increase after repeated climbing bouts in male climbers
Authors: Klich Sebastian , Kawczyński Adam , Sommer Klaudia , Danek Natalia , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Michener Lori A. , Madeleine Pascal 
Published: December 2022

Background
Indoor climbing involves overloading the shoulder girdle, including the rotator cuff and upper trapezius muscles. This on the field study aimed to investigate the effects of repeated climbing bouts on morphological and mechanical measures of the upper trapezius muscle.

Materials and Methods
Fifteen experienced male climbers participated in the study. Rate of perceived exertion (RPE), blood lactate concentration ([La−]b), and stiffness and thickness over four points of the upper trapezius were assessed before and after a repeated climbing exercise. The procedure for the climbing exercise consisted of five climbs for a total time of 5-minutes per climb, followed by a 5-minute rest.

Results
The analysis showed an increase from baseline to after the 3rd climb (p ≤ 0.01) for RPE and after the 5th climb for [La−]b (p ≤ 0.001). Muscle stiffness and thickness increased at all points (1–2–3–4) after the 5th climb (p ≤ 0.01). We found spatial heterogeneity in muscle stiffness and thickness; muscle stiffness was the highest at Point 4 (p ≤ 0.01), while muscle thickness reached the highest values at points 1–2 (both p ≤ 0.01). Moreover, the analysis between the dominant and non-dominant shoulder showed greater stiffness after the 1st climb at Point 1 (p = 0.004) and after the 5th climb at Point 4 (p ≤ 0.001).

Conclusions
For muscle thickness, the analysis showed significant changes in time and location between the dominant and the non-dominant shoulder. Bilateral increases in upper trapezius muscle stiffness and thickness, with simultaneous increases in RPE and blood lactate in response to consecutive climbs eliciting fatigue.
Race and Ethnicity and Sex Variation in COVID-19 Mortality Risks Among Adults Experiencing Homelessness in Los Angeles County, California
Authors: Porter Natalie A. C. , Brosnan Hannah K. , Chang Alicia H. , Henwood Benjamin F. , Kuhn Randall 
Published: December 2022

ImportanceFew studies have used precise age-specific data to construct age-standardized estimates of the relative risks (RRs) of COVID-19 mortality for people experiencing homelessness (PEH) vs the general population, and none to date has addressed race and ethnicity and sex variations in COVID-19 mortality among PEH with COVID-19 infection.ObjectiveTo measure age-standardized mortality rate ratios for PEH vs the general population overall and by sex and race and ethnicity.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cross-sectional study, crude and age-specific COVID-19 mortality rates per 100 000 people were calculated using 5-year age groups and standardized mortality ratios for PEH and the general population aged 25 years and older, assessing differences by race and ethnicity and sex, from January 1, 2020, to November 1, 2021. Mortality and population estimates came from COVID-19 mandatory case reporting conducted by the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, the annual point-in-time homeless count, and the US Census.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was COVID-19 deaths sourced from clinician reports, death certificates, medical examiner reports, and vital records deaths. PEH status was determined using the US Department of Housing and Urban Development definitions for homelessness at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis or symptom onset.ResultsThe study population included 25 441 deaths among an estimated 6 382 402 general population individuals and 256 deaths among an estimated 52 015 PEH. The race and ethnicity of the PEH sample was as follows: 15 539 Black (29.9%), 18 057 Hispanic (34.7%), 14 871 female (28.6%), 37 007 male (71.3%), and 3380 aged 65 years or older (6.5%), compared with the estimated general population of 6 382 402, which was 591 003 Black (9.3%), 2 854 842 Hispanic (44.7%), 3 329 765 female (52.2%), 3 052 637 male (47.8%), and 1 190 979 aged 65 years or older (18.7%). Crude death rates were 0.49% for PEH and 0.40% for the general population, but PEH experienced age-specific COVID-19 mortality risk 2.35 (95% CI, 2.08-2.66) times higher than the general population. There was significant risk associated with PEH status compared with their counterparts in the general population for Black PEH (RR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.31-2.18), Hispanic PEH (RR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.96-2.79), White PEH (RR, 8.33; 95% CI, 6.37-10.88), female PEH (RR, 3.39; 95% CI, 2.56-4.48), and male PEH (RR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.52-2.00).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study of COVID-19 mortality among PEH with COVID-19 infection provides evidence suggesting excess risk of age-adjusted COVID-19 mortality among PEH compared with the general population. This study furthers understanding of the intersectional association between homelessness and race and ethnicity, as higher levels of mortality but narrower racial disparities among PEH than in the general population were observed.
Risk communication and community preparedness in the context of biotechnological hazards: A case of NBAF
Authors: Muturi Nancy , Zhang Xiaochen Angela 
Published: December 2022

AbstractApplying the Protection Motivation Theory, this study examines factors affecting community preparedness in the context of biotechnological hazards. In particular, residents living nearby the National Bio and Agro‐Defence Facility (NBAF), a biosafety level‐4 facility currently under construction, were surveyed. The survey assessed residents' perceptions of key risk communication elements, transparency, consistency, and source, as well as risk perception, knowledge, collective efficacy, involvement, civic engagement behaviours, and preparedness perceptions. Results indicate that sources such as local organisations and mass media, as opposed to social media and word‐of‐mouth, are more reliable and lead to increased knowledge. The structural model suggests that transparent and consistent risk communication leads to community preparedness through knowledge, involvement, risk perception, and collective efficacy. Theoretical implications for the Protection Motivation Theory and practical implications for risk communication regarding biotechnological hazards are discussed.
Utility of beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin in pleural effusions: Report of an autopsy case of a male patient with primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma
Authors: Iwasaki Kazuhiko , Watanabe Kazuyoshi , Kimura Hideharu , Yano Seiji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA 69‐year‐old male patient presented with bloody pleural fluid effusion and elevated beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) levels obtained by thoracentesis. The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, and he died. The autopsy revealed primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma. Early diagnosis of choriocarcinoma based on β‐hCG levels in the pleural fluid may be possible.
Ingrown nail with subungual myiasis on the same toe: A rare case presentation
Authors: Hatem Reem , Al‐Dabbagh Jacob 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe report an extremely rare case of an ingrown nail with subungual myiasis on the same toe (was documented with videos) in a female patient with no previous history of travel, trauma, contact with animals, immunosuppressive treatment, or psychiatric disorders.
Does duration of team governance decrease corporate carbon emission intensity
Authors: Xia Mengyao , Zhu Bangzhu , Cai Helen Huifen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe study explores the effects of duration of team governance (DTG) on carbon emission intensity of 608 U.S. listed corporations merged three official datasets of Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), Compuatat and BoardEx over the period 2009–2018, using unbalanced panel data analysis. It bridges three theoretical approaches: group development theory (GDT), social identity theory (SIT) and resource dependence theory (RDT) and applies econometric analysis techniques to investigate corporate carbon emission intensity. The result shows an inverted U‐shaped relationship between DTG and carbon emission intensity. It is interesting that carbon emission intensity increased when the duration is less than 6.52 years, however, the duration exceeds 6.52 years decreases carbon emission intensity. We also find other factors of team size and gender diversity moderate the U‐shaped relationship, further testing the optimal team of 8–11 members and 3–4 women members. Meanwhile, the finding shows that the low‐carbon innovation is an effective mediator for DTG to decrease carbon emission intensity. The paper is important for managerial implication and policy making.
Assessing flower‐visiting arthropod diversity in apple orchards through metabarcoding of environmental DNA from flowers and visual census
Authors: Gamonal Gomez Nerea , Sørensen Didde Hedegaard , Chua Physilia Ying Shi , Sigsgaard Lene 
Published: December 2022

AbstractArthropods are essential in maintaining healthy and productive agricultural ecosystems. Agricultural crops such as apples are typically pollinated by domesticated honey bees, but wild bees and other arthropod flower visitors also contribute to pollination. Flower visitors can also be natural enemies of crop‐pests or herbivores. Biodiversity is under pressure and knowledge of wildflower visitors is an important tool in designing orchards that can support high functional biodiversity. In our study, we assessed the diversity of arthropod flower visitors in four Danish apple orchards using both molecular and nonmolecular techniques to study arthropod communities in agricultural ecosystems. Arthropod DNA collected from apple flowers was analyzed using a DNA metabarcoding approach using the mitochondrial COI marker, while arthropod pollinators were recorded through visual assessment surveys. These complementary techniques resulted in a total of 19 arthropod taxa detected. Nonbee arthropods constituted a large proportion of arthropods detected by both methods (84%, 16 taxa). Metabarcoding detected 12 taxa and had 83% species resolution. Visual census recovered flower visiting groups to the order level (Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera) but not species level and also provided relative abundance data, which is not possible with molecular methods. We demonstrated that by utilizing both molecular and nonmolecular techniques to assess arthropod communities, we are able to obtain a broader overview of the arthropod fauna present. The methodology used and the outcome of this study can be used to inform and tailor suitable arthropod‐pest management practices in orchards to increase crop yield and maintain healthy agricultural systems.
Effect of maternal eating disorders on mother‐infant quality of interaction, bonding and child temperament: A longitudinal study
Authors: Martini Maria Giulia , Taborelli Emma , Easter Abigail , Bye Amanda , Eisler Ivan , Schmidt Ulrike , Micali Nadia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aims to investigate the effect of maternal eating disorders (ED) on mother‐infant quality of interaction at 8 weeks and bonding and child temperament at 1 and 2 years postnatally. We also aimed to explore the relationship between maternal ED psychopathology, comorbid psychiatric difficulties, and both mother‐infant quality of interaction and bonding in women with ED. Women were recruited to a prospective longitudinal study. By the time of giving birth, the sample consisted of 101 women of the initial 137 (73.7%). Overall, 62 women (ED = 36; HC = 26) participated in the 8‐week assessment, 42 (ED = 20; HC = 22) at 1 year, and 78 (ED = 34; HC = 44) at 2 years. Mann‐Whitney U Test was used to explore association between maternal ED and mother‐infant quality of interaction and between maternal ED and bonding. Spearman correlations were used to explore associations between maternal ED psychopathology, comorbid psychiatric difficulties, and both mother‐infant quality of interaction and bonding.ResultsWe found no differences between early mother‐infant interaction and bonding in mothers with ED in comparison to HC. High levels of maternal ED psychopathology were correlated with high anxiety levels, higher negative affectivity, and lower extraversion in children of ED mothers both at 1 and 2 years. Furthermore, high levels of ED psychopathology were also associated with lower effortful control at 1 year.ConclusionsFindings imply that maternal ED have an impact on child temperament. Future research should focus on resilience and on which protective factors might lead to positive outcomes. These factors can be then used as therapeutic and preventative targets.
Multiple reproduction forms in the polyps of the cannonball jellyfishStomolophussp. 2: Probable life‐cycle reversal
Authors: López‐Martínez Juana , Álvarez‐Tello Francisco Javier , Porchas‐Cornejo Marco A. , Nevárez‐López Cintya A. , Muhlia‐Almazán Adriana , Urías‐Padilla Karen Viviana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe jellyfish generaStomolophusspp. is one of the most abundant in the Pacific Ocean, yet it has not been thoroughly studied. Until recently, research has been developed and directed to its knowledge because of the economic interest in its exploitation. The genusStomolophusin the Pacific Ocean is composed of five species (S. agaricus, S. chunii,S. collaris,S. fritillaria, andS. meleagris), andStomolophussp. 2 has been recently reported in the central part of the Gulf of California. Therefore, this study aimed to describe in vivo the different developmental stages ofStomolophussp. 2 life cycle. As a result, multiple polyp reproduction forms were described, such as polyp‐stolon formation, polydisc strobilation with more than 20 ephyrae formed by each strobila, and polyp formation directly from juvenile ephyra. In the degenerating phase, the polyps turned into cysts induced by stress conditions, such as changes in temperature, oxygen, and food availability. The life cycle ofStomolophussp. 2 can be distinguished from that ofS. meleagrisby showing various asexual reproduction mechanisms and polydisc‐like strobilation. The formation of polyps directly from the ectoderm of degenerating juvenile medusae suggests the possibility of a reversion cycle. Because of the different life cycles betweenS. meleagrisandS. sp. 2, in addition to their morphological and genetic differences, this study proposes thatStomolophussp. 2 should be considered a new species and suggests the nameStomolophus yaquilli, in reference to the indigenous community that lives in the species distribution area.
Development and stability analysis of a high‐speed train bearing system under variable speed conditions
Authors: Wang Baosen , Liu Yongqiang , Zhang Bin , Yang Shaopu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDuring a high‐speed train operation, the train speed changes frequently, resulting in motion change as a function of time. A dynamic model of a double‐row tapered roller bearing system of a high‐speed train under variable speed conditions is developed. The model takes into consideration the structural characteristics of one outer ring and two inner rings of the train bearing. The angle iteration method is used to determine the rotation angle of the roller within any time period, solving the difficult problem of determining the location of the roller. The outer ring and inner ring faults are captured by the model, and the model response is obtained under variable speed conditions. Experiments are carried out under two fault conditions to validate the model results. The simulation results are found to be in good agreement with the results of the formula, and the errors between the simulation results and the experimental results when the bearing has outer and inner ring faults are found to be, respectively, 5.97% and 2.59%, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the model. The influence of outer ring and inner ring faults on system stability is analyzed quantitatively using the Lempel–Ziv complexity. The results show that for low train acceleration, the inner ring fault has a more significant effect on the system stability, while for high acceleration, the outer ring fault has a more significant effect. However, when the train acceleration changes, the outer ring has a greater influence. In practice, train acceleration is usually small and does not frequently change in one operation cycle. Therefore, the inner ring fault of the bearing deserves more attention.
Is the first‐trimester combined screening result associated with the phenotype of Down syndrome? A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Steffensen Ellen Hollands , Pedersen Lars Henning , Lou Stina , Vogel Ida ,   the Danish Fetal Medicine Study Group,   the Danish Cytogenetic Central Registry Study Group
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate if the Down syndrome phenotype differs according to the result of first‐trimester combined screening (FTS).MethodWe included all Down syndrome cases diagnosed by karyotype in pregnancy or after birth in Denmark during 2005–2018. We compared screen positive (odds ≥1:300) and screen negative (odds <1:300) cases as well as screen result subgroups with respect to anthropometrics, congenital malformations, childhood diseases, and hospitalization.ResultsAbsolute measures of fetal and birth anthropometrics were comparable between groups. A prenatal malformation diagnosis was more prevalent among screen positive than screen negative cases. Analyses suggested that this could reflect a detection bias. Cases with a screen result of 1:2–1:10 had a higher probability of being diagnosed with a malformation prenatally and with severe congenital heart disease (CHD) postnatally compared with a result of 1:11–1:300. Screen positive cases more often had non‐severe CHD but less often a non‐heart malformation compared with screen negative cases, while proportions of severe CHD were similar in these groups. Data on hospitalizations showed inconsistent results.ConclusionThe 1:300 screening threshold had limited or no value in predicting Down syndrome phenotype severity. In contrast, cases with a screen result between 1:2 and 1:10 may represent a more severe phenotype.
Zinc homeostasis in Pseudomonas
Authors: Ducret Verena , Gonzalez Diego , Perron Karl 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the genus Pseudomonas, zinc homeostasis is mediated by a complete set of import and export systems, whose expression is precisely controlled by three transcriptional regulators: Zur, CzcR and CadR. In this review, we describe in detail our current knowledge of these systems, their regulation, and the biological significance of zinc homeostasis, taking Pseudomonas aeruginosa as our paradigm. Moreover, significant parts of this overview are dedicated to highlight interactions and cross-regulations between zinc and copper import/export systems, and to shed light, through a review of the literature and comparative genomics, on differences in gene complement and function across the whole Pseudomonas genus. The impact and importance of zinc homeostasis in Pseudomonas and beyond will be discussed throughout this review.
Graphical abstract
Assessing Application Efficiency and Performance Portability in Single-Source Programming for Heterogeneous Parallel Systems
Authors: Ernstsson August , Griebler Dalvan , Kessler Christoph 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe analyze the performance portability of the skeleton-based, single-source multi-backend high-level programming framework SkePU across multiple different CPU–GPU heterogeneous systems. Thereby, we provide a systematic application efficiency characterization of SkePU-generated code in comparison to equivalent hand-written code in more low-level parallel programming models such as OpenMP and CUDA. For this purpose, we contribute ports of the STREAM benchmark suite and of a part of the NAS Parallel Benchmark suite to SkePU. We show that for STREAM and the EP benchmark, SkePU regularly scores efficiency values above 80% and in particular for CPU systems, SkePU can outperform hand-written code.
Unravelling the phylogenetic and ecological drivers of beak shape variability in cephalopods
Authors: Sánchez-Márquez Antoni , Navarro Joan , Kaliontzopoulou Antigoni , Farré Marc , Taite Morag , Escolar Oscar , Villanueva Roger , Allcock A. Louise , Fernández-Álvarez Fernando Á. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCephalopod beaks are essential for prey acquisition and fragmentation during feeding. Thus, it is expected that ecological pressures affect cephalopod beak shape. From a practical perspective, these structures are also used to identify gut contents of marine megafauna, such as toothed whales, sharks, seabirds, and large pelagic fishes. Here, we investigated the relative importance of ecological pressures and phylogenetic relatedness in the evolution of beak shape using a wide range of Mediterranean cephalopod species. Phylogenetic analyses based on complete mitogenomes and nuclear ribosomal genes provided a well-supported phylogeny among the 18 included cephalopods. Geometric morphometric and stable isotope methods were implemented to describe interspecific beak shape and trophic niche variability, respectively. Phylogenetic signal was detected in the shape of both parts of the beak (upper and lower). However, lower beak shape was more distinct among closely related species, in line with the empirical notion that lower beak morphology is more useful as an identification tool in cephalopods. Interestingly, no association between beak shape and trophic niche (stable isotope values) was found. These results suggest that the evolution of cephalopod beak shape as quantified here is mainly driven by phylogenetic relationships, while feeding habits play a minor role.
Graphical abstract