bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making Meaning in Popular Song
Authors: Gracyk Theodore 
Published: May 2022

For Theodore Gracyk meaning in popular music depends as much on the context of reception and performer’s intentions as on established musical and semantic practices. Songs are structures that serve as the scaffolding for meaning production, influenced by the performance decisions of the performer and their intentions.
Arguing against prevailing theories of meaning that ignore the power of the performance, Gracyk champions the contextual relevance of the performer as well as novel messaging through creative repurposing of recordings. Extending the philosophical insight that meaning is a function of use, Gracyk explains how both the performance persona and the personal life of a song’s performer can contribute to (or undercut) ethical and political aspects of a performance or recording.
Using Carly Simon’s “You’re So Vain”, Pink Floyd, the emergence of the musical genre of post-punk and the practice of “cover” versions, Gracyk explores the multiple, sometimes contradictory, notions of authenticity applied to popular music and the conditions for meaningful communication. He places popular music within larger cultural contexts and examines how assigning a performance or recording to one music genre rather than another has implications for what it communicates.
Informed by a mix of philosophy of art and philosophy of language, Gracyk’s entertaining study of popular music constructs a theoretical basis for a philosophy of meaning for songs.
Making Laws That Work
Authors: Goddard David 
Published: May 2022

This book examines why laws fail and provides strategies for making laws that work.
Why do some laws fail? And how can we make laws that actually work? This helpful guide, written by a leading jurist, provides answers to these questions and gives practical strategies for law-making. It looks at a range of laws which have failed; the ‘damp squibs’ that achieve little or nothing in practice; laws that overshoot their policy goals; laws that produce nasty surprises; and laws that backfire, undermining the very goals they were intended to advance.
It goes on to examine some of the reasons why such failures occur, drawing on insights from psychology and economics, including the work of Kahneman and others on how humans develop narratives about the ways in which the world works and make predictions about the future.
It provides strategies to reduce the risk of failure of legislative projects, including adopting a more structured and systematic approach to analysing the likely effects of the legislation; ensuring we identify the limits of our knowledge and the uncertainties of our predictions; and framing laws in a way that enables us to adjust the way they operate as new information becomes available or circumstances change.
Key themes include the importance of the institutions that administer the legislation, of default outcomes, and of the ‘stickiness’ of those defaults.
The book concludes with helpful checklists of questions to ask and issues to consider, which will be of benefit to anyone involved in designing legislation.
History and Memory in the Abbasid Caliphate
Authors: Osti Letizia 
Published: May 2022

Abu Bakr al-Suli was a noted polymath and table companion in the courts of three Abbasid caliphs. In addition to his work as observer of the court, he is perhaps best known for his poetry - which would have a long-lasting influence on Arabic literature - historiographical insight and skill as a chess player.
Letizia Osti here provides the first full-length English-language study devoted to al-Suli. In so doing, she sheds light onto broader questions, such as: How did the Abbasid court make sense of the past? What was the importance of written culture? And book collecting? What does ‘historiography’ mean in a medieval Islamic context?
The Child in Cinema
Authors: Lury Karen 
Published: May 2022

This book brings together a host of internationally recognised scholars to provide an interdisciplinary perspective on the representation of the child in cinema. Individual chapters examine how children appear across a broad range of films, including Badlands (1973), Ratcatcher (1999), Boyhood (2014), My Neighbour Totoro (1988), and Howl’s Moving Castle (2004). They also consider the depiction of children in non-fiction and non-theatrical films, including the documentaries Être et Avoir (2002) and Capturing the Friedmans (2003), art installations and public information films. Through a close analysis of these films, contributors examine the spaces and places children inhabit and imagine; a concern for children’s rights and agency; the affective power of the child as a locus for memory and history; and the complexity and ambiguity of the child figure itself.
The essays also argue the global reach of cinema featuring children, including analyses of films from the former Yugoslavia, Brazil and India, as well as exploring the labour of the child both in front of and behind the camera as actors and filmmakers. In doing so, the book provides an in-depth look into the nature of child performance on screen, across a diverse range of cinemas and film-making practices.
Uso de simulador de conducción adaptado de bajo costo en entorno de realidad virtual en personas con lesión medular tipo paraplejia. Una serie de casos
Authors: ALDANA F LUIS , CID S VIVIANO , REYES B SERGIO 
Published: May 2022

Introducción: La capacidad de conducir un vehículo motorizado impacta en la participación comunitaria de una persona con lesión medular congénita o adquirida. Al respecto, los simuladores de conducción sirven tanto de en­ frenamiento como para determinar la idoneidad para conducir un vehículo motorizado. Objetivo: Describir la experiencia de uso de un simulador de conducción adaptado en entorno de realidad virtual en personas con lesión medular tipo paraplejia de origen congénito o adquirido. Método: Se selec­cionaron 6 usuarios/as con paraplejia congénita o adquirida, entre 18 y 24 años de edad, sin antecedentes de patología visual, con resistencia máxima y sensibilidad completa en miembros superiores. Todos recibieron 8 sesiones de 40 minutos de uso del simulador. Se aplicó evaluación basal, al primero y tercer mes post intervención sobre estado funcional, impacto psicosocial de la asistencia tecnológica (PIADS) y satisfacción usuaria. Resultados: En PIADS, el puntaje para Adaptabilidad es constante con puntuación máxima midiendo en 1 y 3 meses. En el mismo periodo, el puntaje de Competencia sube de 2,6 a 2,7, mientras que Autoestima sube de 2,1 a 2,2 puntos. En la encuesta de satis­facción destaca la valoración máxima y constante en el ítem “Recomendación del simulador”. Ninguno de estos cambios fue estadísticamente significativo. Conclusión: Los cambios observados en las puntuaciones, aun no siendo sig­nificativos, son positivos y consistentes con los antecedentes teóricos respecto a la valoración de la experiencia de uso de simulador de conducción adaptado en entorno de realidad virtual.
Air-parcel residence times in a mature forest: observational evidence from a free-air CO2 enrichment experiment
Authors: Bannister Edward J. , Jesson Mike , Harper Nicholas J. , Hart Kris M. , Curioni Giulio , Cai Xiaoming , MacKenzie A. Rob 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. In forests, air-parcel residence times – the inverse of first-order exchange rates – influence in-canopy chemistry and the exchanges of momentum, energy, and mass with the surrounding atmosphere. Accurate estimates are needed for chemical investigations of reactive trace species, such as volatile organic compounds, some of whose chemical lifetimes are in the order of average residence times. However, very few observational residence-time estimates have been reported. Little is known about even the basic statistics of real-world residence times or how they are influenced by meteorological variables such as turbulence or atmospheric stability. Here, we report opportunistic investigations of air-parcel residence times in a free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) facility in a mature, broadleaf deciduous forest with canopy height hc ≈ 25 m. Using nearly 50 million FACE observations, we find that median daytime residence times in the tree crowns range from around 70 s when the trees are in leaf to just over 34 s when they are not. Air-parcel residence times increase with increasing atmospheric stability, as does the dispersion around their central value. Residence times scale approximately with the reciprocal of the friction velocity, u*. During some calm evenings in the growing season, we observe distinctly different behaviour: pooled air being sporadically and unpredictably vented – evidenced by sustained increases in CO2 concentration – when intermittent turbulence penetrates the canopy. In these conditions, the concept of a residence time is less clearly defined. Parameterisations available in the literature underestimate turbulent exchange in the upper half of forest crowns and overestimate the frequency of long residence times. Robust parametrisations of air-parcel residence times (or, equivalently, fractions of emissions escaping the canopy) may be generated from inverse gamma distributions, with the parameters 1.4 ≤ α ≤ 1.8 and β = hc / u* estimated from widely measured flow variables. In this case, the mean value for τ becomes formally defined as 𝜏̅ = β / (α−1). For species released in the canopy during the daytime, chemical transformations are unlikely unless the reaction time scale is in the order of a few minutes or less.
A new scanning scheme and flexible retrieval for mean winds and gusts from Doppler lidar measurements
Authors: Steinheuer Julian , Detring Carola , Beyrich Frank , Löhnert Ulrich , Friederichs Petra , Fiedler Stephanie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Doppler wind lidars (DWLs) have increasingly been used over the last decade to derive the mean wind in the atmospheric boundary layer.
DWLs allow the determination of wind vector profiles with high vertical resolution and provide an alternative to classic meteorological tower observations. They also receive signals from altitudes higher than a tower and can be set up flexibly in any power-supplied location.
In this work, we address the question of whether and how wind gusts can be derived from DWL observations. The characterization of wind gusts is one central goal of the Field Experiment on Sub-Mesoscale Spatio-Temporal Variability in Lindenberg (FESSTVaL).
Obtaining wind gusts from a DWL is not trivial because a monostatic DWL provides only a radial velocity per line of sight, i.e., only one component of a three-dimensional vector, and measurements in at least three linearly independent directions are required to derive the wind vector.
Performing them sequentially limits the achievable time resolution, while wind gusts are short-lived phenomena. This study compares different DWL configurations in terms of their potential to derive wind gusts.
For this purpose, we develop a new wind retrieval method that is applicable to different scanning configurations and various time resolutions.
We test eight configurations with StreamLine DWL systems from HALO Photonics and evaluate gust peaks and mean wind over 10 min at 90 m a.g.l. against a sonic anemometer at the meteorological tower in Falkenberg, Germany. The best-performing configuration for retrieving wind gusts proves to be a fast continuous scanning mode (CSM) that completes a full observation cycle within 3.4 s. During this time interval, about 11 radial Doppler velocities are measured, which are then used to retrieve single gusts. The fast CSM configuration was successfully operated over a 3-month period in summer 2020. The CSM paired with our new retrieval technique provides gust peaks that compare well to classic sonic anemometer measurements from the meteorological tower.
Mass concentration measurements of autumn bioaerosol using low-cost sensors in a mature temperate woodland free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) experiment: investigating the role of meteorology and carbon dioxide levels
Authors: Baird Aileen B. , Bannister Edward J. , MacKenzie A. Robert , Pope Francis D. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Forest environments contain a wide variety of airborne biological particles
(bioaerosols), including pollen, fungal spores, bacteria, viruses, plant
detritus, and soil particles. Forest bioaerosol plays a number of important
roles related to plant and livestock health, human disease and
allergenicity, and forest and wider ecology and are thought to influence
biosphere–atmosphere interactions via warm and cold cloud formation. Despite
the importance of bioaerosols, there are few measurements of forest aerosol,
and there is a lack of understanding of how climate change will affect
forest bioaerosol in the future. We installed low-cost optical particle counters (OPCs) to measure particles
in the size range between 1 and 10 µm (PM10–PM1) for a
period of 2 months in autumn 2018 at the Birmingham Institute of Forest
Research (BIFoR) free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) facility. In the
paper, we propose that the PM10–PM1 (particulate matter) metric is a good proxy for
bioaerosols because of the bioaerosol representative size range, the
location of the study site (a woodland in a rural location), the field
measurement taking place during the season of peak fungal activity, and the
low hygroscopicity of the particles measured. The BIFoR FACE facility
fumigates three 700 m2 areas of the forest with an additional 150 ppm
CO2 above ambient levels with minimal impacts on other potential environmental
drivers such as temperature, humidity, and wind. This experimental set-up
enabled us to investigate the effect of environmental variables, including
elevated CO2 (eCO2), on bioaerosol proxy concentrations and to
evaluate the performance of the low-cost OPCs in a forested environment. Operating the low-cost OPCs during autumn 2018, we aimed to capture
predominantly the fungal bioaerosol season. Across the experimental
duration, the OPCs captured both temporal and spatial variation in
bioaerosol concentrations. Aerosol concentrations were affected by changing
temperatures and wind speeds but, contrary to our initial hypothesis, not
by relative humidity. We detected no effect of the eCO2 treatment on
total bioaerosol concentrations, but a potential suppression of high-concentration bioaerosol events was detected under eCO2. In-canopy
atmospheric dispersion modelling indicates that the median spore dispersion
distance is sufficiently small that there is little mixing between treatment
and control experiments. Our data demonstrate the suitability of low-cost
OPCs, interpreted with due caution, for use in forests and so opens the
possibility of forest bioaerosol monitoring in a wider range of habitats to
a wider range of researchers at a modest cost.
Dineral o ponderal de la emisión sobre la traslación del apóstol Santiago, de Fernando II de León. Propuestas de identificación e interpr-tación iconográfica
Authors: Mozo Monroy Manuel 
Published: May 2022

Muchas son las opiniones vertidas sobre una meaja labrada en Santiago de Compostela por Fernando II, rey de Leon. Desde un principio se la denominó como como de la “Traslatio Sancti Iacobi” o “Traslación del Apóstol Santiago”, conservándose dicho ejemplar único en el Museo de las Peregrinaciones de Santiago de Compostela. Ahora tenemos la oportunidad de mostrar el primer y también único dineral o ponderal conocido de la misma, cuyo grado de rareza excede incluso al de la mencionada e impresionante meaja.
A través del presente estudio intentaremos ofrecer una primera interpretación didáctica, lógica y coherente de los símbolos labrados en ambas piezas, teniendo en cuenta aspectos numismáticos, históricos, documentales y artísticos, que siempre deber ser considerados en su conjunto, a la vez que procuraremos hacer un viaje virtual al pasado, con el fin de comprender como se percibía y entendían las imágenes recibidas a través de los ojos de una persona que vivió tales acontecimientos en la Edad Media.
Strategi Merealisasikan Pendidikan Dasar Islam Yang Kompetitif di MI Perwanida Blitar
Authors: Rusydi Syadzili Muhamad Fatih , Zulfas Farichatuz 
Published: May 2022

Pendidikan sebagai bagian penting dari perkembangan dan kemajuan bangsa, maka dengan melalui pendidikan diharapkan lembaga pendidikan mampu menciptakan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) yang handal dan berkualitas. Lembaga pendidikan yang memainkan perannya dalam pendidikan diharapkan mampu menjadi salah satu indikator yang bisa menciptakan penilaian terhadap tolak ukur atas keberhasilan dari indeks pembangunan manusia. Keberadaan lembaga pendidikan memiliki peran penting dalam menjalankan strategi pendidikan yang baik, karena terdapat tantangan dalam era globalisasi ini.
Antar lembaga pendidikan akan saling melakukan kompetisi satu sama lain. Hal ini dikarenakan setiap lembaga pendidikan akan saling berusaha menjadi yang terbaik berdasarkan strategi yang dibutuhkan oleh lembaganya, namun yang perlu diperhatikan oleh lembaga pendidikan adalah semangat berkompetisi yang sehat dan baik. Karena setiap lembaga pendidikan akan berkompetisi dengan memperhatikan inovasi, kreativitas dan ide yang baru.
Pertumbuhan akan lembaga pendidikan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir ini menunjukkan bahwasanya perkembangan sektor pendidikan memiliki sisi yang dinamis. Hal yang menjadi faktor pendorong akan peningkatan kesadaran pendidikan adalah terdapatnya pertumbuhan perkembangan lembaga pendidikan. Dengan begitu, terjadinya kompetisi kualitas antar lembaga pendidikan menjadi penilaian utama dalam melakukan pengembangan lembaga pendidikan.
Fokus penelitian yang dilakukan tepatnya berada di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Perwanida Blitar, bahwasanya Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Perwanida Blitar selaku lembaga pendidikan islam terkenal sebagai lembaga yang mampu menerapkan strategi kompetitifnya tidak hanya melakukan pengajaran kepada peserta didik dari aspek pengetahuan saja, namun MI Perwanida Blitar mampu melakukan pengajaran dari aspek keagamaan sebagai fondasi pendidikan. Salah satu inovasi yang ditawarkan oleh MI Perwanida Blitar menunjukkan bahwa lembaga pendidikan lain menjadi kompetitor yang perlu diperhatikan.
PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN DAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN TERHADAP NIAT PEMBELIAN KEMBALI (STUDI PADA PELANGGAN SUPERMARKET DI KOTA MANADO)
Authors: Mamusung Robby Tanod , Pomantow Willem Gilbert , Djawa Djibrael 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh kualitas layanan dan kepuasan pelanggan terhadap niat pembelian kembali pelanggan supermarket di Kota Manado. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil sebanyak 130 orang pelanggan supermarket di Kota Manado. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah: Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen, Uji Linieritas, Analisis Regresi Berganda, dan Uji Hipotesis (Uji t/secara parsial dan Uji F/secara simultan) dengan bantuan software SPSS v.25. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen diperoleh bahwa semua instrumen/item adalah valid dan reliabel. Hasil Uji Linieritas, bahwa hubungan antara variabel kualitas layanan dan kepuasan pelanggan terhadap niat pembelian kembali pelanggan adalah linier. Hasil analisis regresi sederhana diperoleh persamaan regresi linier berganda sebagai berikut: Y = 23,095 + 0,375KL + 0,570 KP, Hasil uji hipotesis (uji t) diperoleh bahwa variabel kualitas layanan (X1) memiliki nilai signifikan 0.000. Nilai tersebutlebih kecil dari 0.05, maka dapat dikatakan variabel kualitas layanan (X1) secara parsial berpengaruh terhadap niat pembelian kembali (Y). Sehingga hipotesis pertama yang menyatakan bahwa kualitas layanan (X) berpengaruh terhadap niat pembelian kembali (Y), diterima. Kepuasan Pelanggan (X2) berpengaruh terhadap Niat Pembelian Kembali (Y), dapat diketahui variabel Kepuasan Pelanggan memiliki nilai signifikan sebesar 0.000. Nilai tersebut lebih kecil dari 0.05, maka dapat dikatakan variabel Kepuasan Pelanggan berpengaruh terhadap Niat Pembelian Kembali (Y). Sehingga hipotesis kedua yang menyatakan bahwa Kepuasan Pelanggan berpengaruh terhadap Niat Pembelian Kembali diterima. hasil uji pengaruh secara simultan menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,000 yang berarti angka ini < 0,05 atau 0,000 < 0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel Kualitas layanan (X1), dan variabel Kepuasan Pelanggan (X2) secara bersama-sama atau simultan berpengaruh terhadap variabel Niat Pembelian kembali (Y), karena nilai signifikansi dari tabel anova < 0,05. Sehingga hipotesis ketiga yang menyatakan bahwa variabel Kualitas layanan (X1), dan variabel Kepuasan Pelanggan (X2) secara bersama-sama atau simultan berpengaruh terhadap variabel Niat Pembelian kembali (Y), diterima. besarnya adjusted R square adalah 0.942 atau 94.2%. Hal ini berarti 5.8% variasi Y dapat dijelaskan dengan variasi dari variabel bebas (independen) yaitu Kualitas Layanan (X1) dan Kepuasan Pelanggan (X2). Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 94.2% (100%-29.9%), dijelaskan oleh variabel lain di luar model penelitian ini.
ANALISIS STRATEGI BISNIS MELALUI PENDEKATAN SWOT BALANCE SCORECARD PADA MY CARAMEL 1994 SAMARINDA
Authors: Lakatisa Umbar Reksha , Andriana Ana Noor 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini ditujukan guna mengetahui kondisi internal dan eksternal dari usaha My Caramel 1994 di Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian ini didesain dengan dua tahap yaitu tahap pertama dilakukan identifikasi dan pemetaan terhadap potensi serta permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh My Caramel 1994 baik secara internal maupun eksternal. Selain itu akan diketahui posisi usaha My Caramel 1994 dengan dilakukan pengujian secara kualitatif. Selanjutnya, tahap kedua akan dilakukan pengujian kuantitatif terhadap isu strategis yang diperoleh akan dikonfirmasi kembali kepada stakeholder.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah observasi terus terang, wawancara terstruktur, dokumentasi, dan kuesioner. Adapun responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 16 orang yang terdiri dari 2 orang owner, 9 orang karyawan dan 5 orang konsumen dari usaha My Caramel 1994. Teknik analisis yang digunakan ialah analisis SWOT balance scorecard. Berdasar pada hasil penelitian bahwasannya usaha My Caramel 1994 berada pada kuadran I yang artinya usaha memiliki kekuatan dan peluang yang besar untuk dimanfaatkan, sehingga strategi yang direkomendasikan ialah strategi agresif. Setelah mengetahui kondisi internal dan eksternal usaha dari analisis SWOT sebagai strategi pengembangan, maka tahap selanjutnya ialah melakukan identifikasi strategi sasaran diantaranya perspektif keuangan, perspektif pelanggan, perspektif proses bisnis internal, serta perspektif pertumbuhan dan pembelajaran.