bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal comfort conditions in traditional and sustainable, low - energy buildings
Authors: Krawczyk N , Kapjor A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, each of us spends more and more time indoors. The article focuses on research on thermal comfort in a traditional and sustainable building. A sustainable building is equipped with heat pumps, a wind turbine, solar collectors and photovoltaic cells. It also has mechanical ventilation, which helps to minimize energy consumption and lower carbon dioxide emissions. The research was carried out using two methods, anonymous questionnaires and the Testo 400 microclimate meter. Based on the conducted research, the thermal sensations of the subjects and their preferences as to the prevailing conditions in the examined buildings were determined. The study also made it possible to compare the PMV index calculated using the Fanger model with TSV (obtained on the basis of anonymous questionnaires).
A case study of thermal and humidity sensations in the smart building
Authors: Dziedzic J , Cedro M , Wojciechowska P 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Modern smart buildings are equipped with renewable energy systems and control units to optimise and minimise energy consumption. Thus, they enable to reduce CO2 emissions and help protect the environment. In the article thermal and humidity sensations of students in the smart, modern building have been presented and discussed. The analyses were done in three lecture rooms, where students filled in questionnaires about how they felt. Simultaneously, indoor air parameters were measured (temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide level and etc.). The study enables to assess the thermal and humidity in the smart, modern building, where people tend to spend large amounts of time. Thus, the valuable data can be obtained regarding indoor environment and human responses there.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Environmental, Social, and Governance Index in India
Authors: Babu Manivannan , Antony Lourdesraj A. , Hariharan C. , Gayathri J. , Karishma Butani CS , Kathiravan Chinnadurai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The current research investigates the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Indian Sustainable Investment. For this purpose, the study selected three sustainable indices, namely, BSE Greenex, BSE Carbonex, and BSE 100 ESG index of Bombay Stock Exchange of India. The Descriptive Statistics, ADF Test and GARCH (1,1) Model were used to found that all the sample sustainable indices were gained positive return with the high volatility throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic and the results confirmed that COVID-19 influenced the Indian sustainable investments.
Transcriptomic Analysis of Cirrhosis-Like Hepatocellular Carcinoma Reveals Distinct Molecular Characteristics and Pathologic Staging Implications
Authors: Van Treeck Benjamin J , Moreira Roger K , Mounajjed Taofic , Ferrell Linda , Xue Yue , Jessen Erik , Davila Jaime , Graham Rondell P 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Cirrhosis-like hepatocellular carcinoma (CL-HCC) is a rare hepatocellular malignancy characterized by multiple tumor nodules that clinically, radiologically, macroscopically, and microscopically mimic cirrhosis. We aimed to elucidate the molecular biology of CL-HCC and determine tumor nodule clonality.

Methods
We performed RNA sequencing on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from confirmed CL-HCC cases (n = 6), along with corresponding nonneoplastic hepatic tissue (n = 4) when available. Transcriptomes from our previous work on steatohepatitic hepatocellular carcinoma and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used for comparison purposes.

Results
Histologically, CL-HCC displayed innumerable nodules and extensive vascular invasion. Intratumoral nodule comparison indicated that the multiple nodules were all clonally related, not independent primaries. The unique histomorphologic appearance corresponded with a distinct transcriptome compared with other HCCs, including fibrolamellar HCC (n = 6), steatohepatitic HCC (n = 8), and conventional HCC in TCGA (n = 424). Tumor-normal gene expression analysis revealed consistent overexpression of several genes involved in degradation of tissue matrix. No recurrent translocations or point mutations were identified. CL-HCC showed a gene expression profile indicative of zone 2 hepatocytes.

Conclusions
CL-HCC’s distinctive clinicopathologic features correspond to a unique gene expression profile, increased expression of invasive markers, features of zone 2 hepatocytes, and features suggestive of intratumoral nodule monoclonality.
The frontal sharp transient in newborns: An endogenous neurobiomarker concomitant to the physiological and critical transitional period around delivery?
Authors: Routier Laura , Mahmoudzadeh Mahdi , Panzani Marine , Saadatmehr Bahar , Gondry Jean , Bourel-Ponchel Emilie , Moghimi Sahar , Wallois Fabrice 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe frontal sharp transient (FST) consists of transient electrical activity recorded around the transitional period from the in to ex utero environment. Although its positive predictive value is assumed, nothing is known about its functionality or origin. The objectives were (i) to define its characteristics and (ii) to develop functional hypothesis. The 128-channels high-resolution electroencephalograms of 20 healthy newborns (37.1–41.6 weeks) were studied. The morphological and time-frequency characteristics of 418 FSTs were analyzed. The source localization of the FSTs was obtained using a finite element head model (5 layers and fontanels) and various source localization methods (distributed and dipolar). The characteristics (duration, slopes, and amplitude) and the localization of FSTs were not modulated by the huge developmental neuronal processes that occur during the very last period of gestation. The sources were located beneath the ventral median part of the frontal lobe around the interhemispheric fissure, suggesting that the olfactory bulbs and orbitofrontal cortex, essential in olfaction and the mother-infant attachment relationship, are likely candidates for the generation of FSTs. FSTs may contribute to the implementation of the functionalities of brain structures involved in the higher-order processing necessary for survival ahead of delivery, with a genetic fingerprint.
Brain activity changes associated with pain perception variability
Authors: Crawford L , Mills E , Meylakh N , Macey P M , Macefield V G , Henderson L A 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPain perception can be modulated by several factors. Phenomena like temporal summation leads to increased perceived pain, whereas behavioral conditioning can result in analgesic responses. Furthermore, during repeated, identical noxious stimuli, pain intensity can vary greatly in some individuals. Understanding these variations is important, given the increase in investigations that assume stable baseline pain for accurate response profiles, such as studies of analgesic mechanisms. We utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the differences in neural circuitry between individuals displaying consistent pain ratings and those who experienced variable pain during a series of identical noxious stimuli. We investigated 63 healthy participants: 31 were assigned to a “consistent” group, and 32 were assigned to a “variable” group dependent on pain rating variability. Variable pain ratings were associated with reduced signal intensity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Furthermore, the dlPFC connectivity with the primary somatosensory cortex and temperoparietal junction was significantly reduced in variable participants. Our results suggest that investigators should consider variability of baseline pain when investigating pain modulatory paradigms. Additionally, individuals with consistent and variable pain ratings differ in their dlPFC activity and connectivity with pain-sensitive regions during noxious stimulation, possibly reflecting the differences in attentional processing and catastrophizing during pain.
Three-dimensionalS-wave velocity structure of oceanic core complexes at 13°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Authors: Peirce C , Funnell M J , Reston T J , MacLeod C J 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARY13°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is regarded as a type site for oceanic core complexes (OCCs). Within ∼70 km along the spreading centre, it hosts four OCCs in different stages of their life cycle making this an ideal location to determine how OCCs are formed, and what drives the hydrothermal circulation that sustains the vent fields associated with them. Here we describe the results of S-wave seismic tomographic modelling within a 60 × 60 km footprint containing several OCCs, the spreading centre and both flanks. A grid of 17 wide-angle seismic refraction profiles was shot within this footprint and recorded by a network of 46 ocean-bottom seismographs (OBS). Approximately 6200 S-wave arrival travel times have been modelled, constraining primarily the velocity–depth structure of the upper-to-mid crust. Depth slices through the resulting 3-D S-wave velocity (Vs) model reveal the OCCs located at 13°20′N and 13°30′N to each have a region of relatively low Vs (&lt;3 km s–1) beneath its detachment, and a higher Vs (&gt;3 km s–1) in the inter-OCC basin and regions surrounding the detachments. Using the equivalent 3-D P-wave velocity (Vp) model of Simão et al. (2020), the corresponding Vp/Vs model is calculated to investigate lithology, permeability and the existence of any off-axis magmatic intrusions that may drive fluid flow. The Vp/Vs model clearly shows that the crust beneath the deep lava-floored inter-OCC basin is characteristically oceanic (Vp/Vs ratio of &lt;1.85) in velocity–depth structure, in contrast to the OCCs themselves which have a Vp/Vs ratio of &gt;1.85, suggesting that they formed under magma poor (tectonic) conditions. The Vp/Vs model also shows that the OCCs are not connected, at least to mid-crustal level. Alternatively, if the OCCs lie on the same detachment surface, that surface would have to undulate &gt;3km in amplitude over a distance of &lt;20 km for these OCCs to appear to be unconnected. Our 3-D S-wave and Vp/Vs models thus support MacLeod et al.’s (2009) model of localized OCC evolution. Our S-wave velocity model also suggests that the Irinovskoe (13°20′N) and Semyenov (13°30′N) vent fields have different hydrothermal circulation drivers, with the Semyenov field being driven by magma intrusion(s) and the Irinovskoe field being driven by the spreading centre thermal gradient and pervasive flow along open permeability within the detachment footwall, perhaps further opened by roll-over to lower dip angle as it exhumes at the seabed.
QuakeFlow: a scalable machine-learning-based earthquake monitoring workflow with cloud computing
Authors: Zhu Weiqiang , Hou Alvin Brian , Yang Robert , Datta Avoy , Mousavi S Mostafa , Ellsworth William L , Beroza Gregory C 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARY
Earthquake monitoring workflows are designed to detect earthquake signals and to determine source characteristics from continuous waveform data. Recent developments in deep learning seismology have been used to improve tasks within earthquake monitoring workflows that allow the fast and accurate detection of up to orders of magnitude more small events than are present in conventional catalogues. To facilitate the application of machine-learning algorithms to large-volume seismic records at scale, we developed a cloud-based earthquake monitoring workflow, QuakeFlow, which applies multiple processing steps to generate earthquake catalogues from raw seismic data. QuakeFlow uses a deep learning model, PhaseNet, for picking P/S phases and a machine learning model, GaMMA, for phase association with approximate earthquake location and magnitude. Each component in QuakeFlow is containerized, allowing straightforward updates to the pipeline with new deep learning/machine learning models, as well as the ability to add new components, such as earthquake relocation algorithms. We built QuakeFlow in Kubernetes to make it auto-scale for large data sets and to make it easy to deploy on cloud platforms, which enables large-scale parallel processing. We used QuakeFlow to process three years of continuous archived data from Puerto Rico within a few hours, and found more than a factor of ten more events that occurred on much the same structures as previously known seismicity. We applied Quakeflow to monitoring earthquakes in Hawaii and found over an order of magnitude more events than are in the standard catalogue, including many events that illuminate the deep structure of the magmatic system. We also added Kafka and Spark streaming to deliver real-time earthquake monitoring results. QuakeFlow is an effective and efficient approach both for improving real-time earthquake monitoring and for mining archived seismic data sets.
Rethinking Who ‘Keeps’ Heritage: 3D Technology, Repatriation and Copyright
Authors: Oruç Pinar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Using 3D scanning and printing technology for cultural heritage creates a new group of opportunities for preservation and access, while also causing a shift in how we view the ownership of this heritage. This article will examine this issue from four angles: how 3D technology plays a role for heritage in danger; how it allows having multiple copies at once in such a way that affects repatriation dynamics; how it creates further copyright questions; and finally how it causes a new layer of ownership over the scans. This article will argue that 3D technology does not solve repatriation issues but might create new ownership in the 3D scans through copyright law.
That’s so immoral! Investigating the effects of moral violations reported in the form of (in)complete moral dyads in news articles on emotions and memory
Authors: Bruns Sophie , Knop-Huelss Katharina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs journalists are expected to report on events where expectations and rules are transgressed, they often report on moral violations (such as murder, tax evasion, or unjust political decisions). Exposed to journalistic reports on violations of their moral principles, individuals instantly feel that these actions are wrong. According to theories of morality, immorality perceptions are associated with specific cognitive and affective reactions. In two studies, we used the concept of a moral dyad to (a) define moral news content and (b) analyze emotional reactions and memory effects of intuitive perceptions of immorality. In both studies, immorality led to higher levels of anger and compassion, but impaired memory with effects hinging on perception of immorality. These perceptions further did not differ across different presentations of dyads. Our findings show the usefulness to employ a lens of morality to look at the entire news production and reception process.
Regulating a ‘state of exception’ in Times of War: The Legal Regime Applicable to Derogation in Situations of Armed Conflict
Authors: Teferra Zelalem Mogessie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An armed conflict is one of the severest forms of ‘public emergency’, the very condition to activate the derogation regime of international human rights law. There is indeed no greater threat to the very survival of a nation to warrant the suspension of human rights than an armed conflict. However, while adopting the relevant international humanitarian law (IHL) treaties, states have bound themselves ‘to respect and ensure the respect for’ the norms enshrined therein, regardless of the urgency and exceptional challenges that they may face as a result of an armed conflict. As such, derogation from the baseline rules in those treaties is, in principle, not permissible by making reference to the existence of military necessity or the general state of armed conflict. Notwithstanding this, some provisions in the various IHL treaties exceptionally envisage the possibility of derogation from the rights and privileges of a particular group of victims of armed conflict for security reasons. One of such provisions is Article 5 of the Fourth Geneva Conventions (GC IV), which explicitly allows derogation both within a state’s own and occupied territories. Similar other provisions, albeit some without express mentioning of derogation, can also be found in the Four Geneva Conventions (1949) and their Additional Protocols of 1977. Nonetheless, there is a common thread that runs through these provisions, that is, a state’s power of derogation is limited by strict legal constraints. This essay aims at illustrating these normative restrictions by fleshing out the limits placed upon states’ ability to suspend the rights and freedoms of some individual victims of armed conflict, using Article 5 of GC IV as a reference point. It is argued that while derogation from some norms of IHL is exceptionally possible and lawful, any derogation measure should comply with some procedural and substantive requirements and remain justified throughout its duration. No exceptional circumstance, whether the exigencies of military necessity or the protection of national security, can be invoked to dispense with such requirements.
Do preferences for urban amenities differ by skill?
Authors: Arntz Melanie , Brüll Eduard , Lipowski Cäcilia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
By investing in urban amenities, city-level policies often aim to attract highly skilled workers. However, studies relying on revealed preferences struggle to provide causal evidence that skilled workers value urban amenities more than less skilled workers. Therefore, we use a stated-preference experiment with hypothetical job choices between two cities that differ in wages, urban amenities and economic dynamism. We find that respondents are willing to forgo a significant fraction of their wages for better urban amenities. Most strikingly, preferences do not differ systematically by skill level. Hence, the higher fraction of highly skilled workers in amenity-rich places stems from the inability of low-skilled workers to move to and afford living in their preferred locations.
Development of independent dose verification plugin using Eclipse scripting API for brachytherapy
Authors: Zhou Dejun , Nakamura Mitsuhiro , Sawada Yohei , Ono Tomohiro , Hirashima Hideaki , Iramina Hiraku , Adachi Takanori , Fujimoto Takahiro , Mizowaki Takashi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, an independent dose verification plugin (DVP) using the Eclipse Scripting Application Programming Interface (ESAPI) for brachytherapy was developed. The DVP was based on the general 2D formalism reported in AAPM-TG43U1. The coordinate and orientation of each source position were extracted from the translation matrix acquired from the treatment planning system (TPS), and the distance between the source and verification point (r) was calculated. Moreover, the angles subtended by the center-tip and tip-tip of the hypothetical line source with respect to the verification point (θ and β) were calculated. With r, θ, β and the active length of the source acquired from the TPS, the geometry function was calculated. As the TPS calculated the radial dose function, g(r), and 2D anisotropy function, F(r,θ), by interpolating and extrapolating the corresponding table stored in the TPS, the DVP calculated g(r) and F(r,θ) independently from equations fitted with the Monte Carlo data. The relative deviation of the fitted g(r) and F(r,θ) for the GammaMed Plus HDR 192Ir source was 0.5% and 0.9%, respectively. The acceptance range of the relative dose difference was set to ±1.03% based on the relative deviation between the fitted functions and Monte Carlo data, and the linear error propagation law. For 64 verification points from sixteen plans, the mean of absolute values of the relative dose difference was 0.19%. The standard deviation (SD) of the relative dose difference was 0.17%. The DVP maximizes efficiency and minimizes human error for the brachytherapy plan check.
Performance of High Throughput SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Testing Compared to Nucleic Acid Testing
Authors: Peck Palmer Octavia , Hasskamp Joanne H , La Hae-Sun , Pramod Patwardhan Pranav , Ghumman Shmyle , Baloda Vandana , Jung Yujung , Wheeler Sarah E 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveIndependent assessment of SARS-CoV-2 antigen (COV2Ag) tests remains important as varying performance between assays is common. We assessed the performance of a new high-throughput COV2Ag test compared to SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT).MethodsA total of 347 nasopharyngeal samples collected from January to October 2021 were assessed by NAAT as part of standard-of-care testing (CDC LDT or GeneXpert System, Cepheid) and COV2Ag using the ADVIA Centaur CoV2Ag assay (Siemens Healthineers).ResultsAmong NAAT positive specimens we found 82.4% agreement and in NAAT negative specimens we found 97.3% agreement (overall agreement 85.6%). In symptomatic persons, COV2Ag agreed with NAAT 90.0% (n = 291), and in asymptomatic persons, 62.5% (n = 56). Agreement between positive NAAT and COV2Ag increased at lower cycle threshold (Ct) values.ConclusionThe COV2Ag assay exceeded the World Health Organization minimum performance requirements of ≥ 80% sensitivity and ≥ 97% specificity. The COV2Ag assay is helpful for large scale screening efforts due to high-throughput and reduced wait times.
Improving awareness, diagnosis and management of invasive fungal infections in Ghana: establishment of the Ghana Medical Mycology Society
Authors: Ocansey Bright K , Dadzie Edmund A , Eduful Stephen K , Agyei Martin , Osei Mary-Magdalene , Puplampu Peter , Asamoah Isabella , Oladele Rita O , Osaigbovo Iriagbonse I , Afriyie-Mensah Jane S , Opintan Japheth A , Essien-Baidoo Samuel , Chakrabarti Arunaloke , Hoenigl Martin , Denning David W , Richardson Malcolm D 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) and medical mycology receive little attention in Ghana. However, the present evolution of biomarker assays for IFIs, offers an opportunity for an increased access to fungal laboratory testing in resource-limited settings, and probably make a case for availability of essential antifungal agents. Using surveys and personal communications, the state of medical mycology and IFI in Ghana were highlighted. Inadequate awareness and insufficient access to fungal diagnostics and therapeutics were identified as the key challenges, the establishment of the Ghana Medical Mycology Society was discussed, and recommendations were made to improve the status quo.
Albedo variegation on Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
Authors: Davidsson Björn J R , Buratti Bonnie J , Hicks Michael D 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
We here study the level of albedo variegation on the nucleus of Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. This is done by fitting the parameters of a standard photometric phase function model to disc–average radiance factor data in images acquired by the Rosetta/OSIRIS Narrow Angle Camera in the orange filter. Local discrepancies between the observed radiance factor and the disc–average solution are interpreted as a proxy $\mathcal {W}$ of the local single–scattering albedo. We find a wide range $0.02 \lesssim \mathcal {W}\lesssim 0.09$ around an average of $\mathcal {W}=0.055$. The observed albedo variegation is strongly correlated with nucleus morphology – smooth terrain is brighter, and consolidated terrain is darker, than average. Furthermore, we find that smooth terrain darken prior to morphological changes, and that stratigraphically low terrain (with respect to the centre of each nucleus lobe) is brighter than stratigraphically high terrain. We propose that the observed albedo variegation is due to differences in porosity and the coherent effect: compaction causes small brighter particles to act collectively as larger optically effective particles that are darker. Accordingly, we consider the dark consolidated terrain materials more compacted than smooth terrain materials, and darkening of the latter is due to subsidence.