bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel thinking: DDR axis refines the classification of ccRCC with distinctive prognosis, multi omics landscape and management strategy
Authors: Jiang Aimin , Song Jiaao , Fang Xiao , Fang Yu , Wang Zheng , Liu Bing , Wu Zhenjie , Qu Le , Luo Peng , Wang Linhui 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDNA damage response and repair (DDR) related signatures play an important role in maintaining genome stability and other biological processes. It also affects the occurrence, development, and treatment of cancer. However, in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), especially clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC), the potential association between DDR-related signatures and tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear.MethodsUtilizing unsupervised clustering algorithm, we divided RCC into two subgroups, DCS1 and DCS2, according to the differences in DDR gene expression, and compared the characteristics of the two subgroups through multiple dimensions.ResultsCompared with DCS1, DCS2 patients have higher clinical stage/grade and worse prognosis, which may be related to active metabolic status and immunosuppression status. At the same time, the high mutation rate in DCS2 may also be an important reason for the prognosis. We also analyzed the sensitivity of the two subgroups to different therapeutic agents and established a subtypes' biomarkers-based prognostic system with good validation results to provide ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Finally, we identified a pivotal role for DDX1 in the DDR gene set, which may serve as a future therapeutic target.ConclusionThis study showed that DDR has an important impact on the development and treatment of RCC. DCS2 subtypes have a poor prognosis, and more personalized treatment and follow-up programs may be needed. The assessment of DDR gene mutations in patients may be helpful for clinical decision-making. DDX1 may be one of the effective targets for RCC treatment in the future.
Industrial exoskeletons from bench to field: Human-machine interface and user experience in occupational settings and tasks
Authors: Baldassarre Antonio , Lulli Lucrezia Ginevra , Cavallo Filippo , Fiorini Laura , Mariniello Antonella , Mucci Nicola , Arcangeli Giulio 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveWork-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are considered nowadays the most serious issue in the Occupational Health and Safety field and industrial exoskeletons appear to be a new approach to addressing this medical burden. A systematic review has been carried out to analyze the real-life data of the application of exoskeletons in work settings considering the subjective responses of workers.MethodsThe review was registered on PROSPERO. The literature search and its report have been performed following the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus.ResultsTwenty-four original studies were included in the literature review; 42% of the papers retrieved included automobilist industry workers, 17% of the studies evaluated the use of exoskeletons in logistic facilities, and 17% of articles involved healthcare. The remaining six papers recruited farmers, plasterers, wasting collectors, construction workers, and other workmen. All the papers selected tested the use of passive exoskeletons, supporting upper arms or back. Usability, perceived comfort, perceived exertion and fatigue, acceptability and intention to use, occupational safety and health, and job performance and productivity were the main topic analyzed.ConclusionExoskeletons are not a fix-all technology, neither for workers nor for job tasks; they tend to show more of their potential in static activities, while in dynamic tasks, they can obstacle regular job performance. Comfort and easiness of use are the key factors influencing the user's experience. More research is needed to determine the most effective and safe ways to implement exoskeleton use in occupational settings.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=275728, identifier CRD42021275728.
The relationship between health expenditure indicators and economic growth in OECD countries: A Driscoll-Kraay approach
Authors: Beylik Umut , Cirakli Umit , Cetin Murat , Ecevit Eyyup , Senol Osman 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe main purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between health expenditure indicators and economic growth in OECD countries.MethodsIn this context, health expenditures and economic indicators data of 21 OECD countries were analyzed by the Driscoll-Kraay standard error approach within the scope of panel data analysis. While Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and income per capita were used as dependent variables, the amount of out-of-pocket health spending, per capita health expenditure, the amount of public health expenditure, the ratio of drug expenditures to gross domestic product, the share of current health expenditures in GDP were used as independent variables.ResultsAccording to the results, in the model (Model 1) where real GDP level was used as the dependent variable, all health expenditure indicators were positively related to the economic growth. When the estimation results of Model 1 are examined, it is predicted that there will be an increase of 0.09% in GDP in case of a 1% increase in the share allocated to health services from GDP. In case of a 1% increase in the amount of out-of-pocket spending on healthcare, it is foreseen that there may be an increase of 0.04% in the real GDP. In the model (Model 2) where the per capita income variable is the dependent variable, it is seen that the increase in out- of-pocket health spending has a decreasing effect on the per capita income level, while the increase in public expenditures has an increasing effect on the per capita income level. From the findings of Model 2, it was found that if a 1% increase in the share of current health expenditures in GDP, there may be an increase of 0.06% in the amount of per capita income.DiscussionConcludingly, it is possible to say that that public resources allocated to health services play an important role in the economic growth.
Risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among takeaway riders: Up-to-date evidence in Shanghai, China
Authors: Li Ziyun , Bo Xiaochen , Qian Chen , Chen Mingyue , Shao Yuqing , Peng Yuxun , Cai Ruian , Huang Xiaojing , Wei Lijun , Zhao Jinzhong , Shi Jianwei 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common occupational diseases. However, the influencing mechanisms were not clear in the new emerging takeaway rider occupation in the catering industry in China.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using a takeaway rider sample from one of the largest e-platforms, the Mei Tuan Company in Shanghai. The chi-square test was used to compare the sex differences in MSDs according to various factors. Binary logistic regressions were then performed to explore the potential risk factors for the occurrence and severity of MSDs adjusted by age, sex and vehicle type. Crude odds ratios (CORs) and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for predictors were reported.ResultsThe prevalence of MSDs was found to be 54.9% (n = 361). Shoulders (joint pain: 24.5%, n = 154/629 cases; muscle pain: 29.0%, n = 183/632 cases; muscle numbness: 31.7%, n = 120/379 cases) and neck (joint pain: 17.0%, n = 107/629 cases; muscle pain: 14.1%, n = 89/632 cases; muscle numbness: 15.3%, n = 58/379 cases) were the most affected regions. Irregular meals (often having regular meals: p = 0.03, AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.05–3.39; sometimes: p &lt; 0.01, AOR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.49–4.34 and seldomly: p &lt; 0.01, AOR = 4.24, 95% CI: 2.28–7.91) were positively associated with the occurrence of MSDs. Work-related factors, including working over 5 years (p = 0.02, AOR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.10–3.17) and over 51 km of food delivery distance per day (51–75 km: p = 0.02, AOR = 2.13, 95CI%:1.13–4.01; ≥76 km: p &lt; 0.01, AOR = 3.12, 95CI%: 1.44–6.77), were strongly associated with severity.ConclusionMSDs were common among takeaway riders. Personal lifestyles (meal irregularity) were found to predict the occurrence, while work-related factors (longer years of employment and prolonged food delivery distance) were positively associated with severity. Public health efforts should be made to prevent MSDs in this population.
Impact of a CBPR-informed physical activity intervention before and during COVID-19 among women from a disadvantaged neighborhood in Sweden
Authors: Ramji Rathi , Carlson Elisabeth , Kottorp Anders , Rämgård Margareta 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPublic health practitioners have been striving to reduce the social gradient and promote physical activity among citizens living in disadvantaged neighborhoods. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has affected these citizens extensively, has posed a significant challenge to efforts to maintain a physically active lifestyle. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the impact of a CBPR-informed physical activity intervention before and during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of women from a socially disadvantaged neighborhood.MethodsA total of 34 women participated in a CBPR-informed physical activity intervention previously developed in collaboration with lay health promoters and other citizens from the same neighborhood. Focus group discussions were conducted at four time points, namely, at baseline prior to the intervention, post-intervention, 6 months after the intervention ended, and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis following an inductive approach.ResultsIn total, four themes emerged from the discussions: “Wavering between frustration and action,” “Shifting from prioritizing family needs to taking control of self,” “Between isolation and social support,” and “Restricted access to health-related knowledge vs. utilizing internalized knowledge”.ConclusionThe results of this study reveal that building on CBPR-informed health promotion initiatives has the potential to foster individual empowerment and assist during acute situations like the COVID-19 pandemic through mobilizing communities and their resources, which leads to increased community resilience and health. This study is regarded as unique in that it involves evaluation of a CBPR intervention that was initiated ahead of the pandemic and followed even during the pandemic.
Using MEPED observations to infer plasma density and chorus intensity in the radiation belts
Authors: Longley William J. , Chan Anthony A. , Jaynes Allison N. , Elkington Scot R. , Pettit Joshua M. , Ross Johnathan P. J. , Glauert Sarah A. , Horne Richard B. 
Published: November 2022

Efforts to model and predict energetic electron fluxes in the radiation belts are highly sensitive to local wave-particle interactions. In this study, we use multi-point measurements of precipitating and trapped electron fluxes to investigate the dynamic variation of chorus wave-particle interactions during the 17 March 2013 storm. Quasilinear theory characterizes the chorus wave-particle interaction as a diffusive process, with the diffusion coefficients depending on the particle energy and pitch angle, as well as the background plasma parameters such as the wave intensity and plasma density. These plasma parameters in the radiation belts are spatially localized and time-varying, so we construct event-specific diffusion coefficients using MEPED (onboard POES/MetOp) measurements of electron fluxes at low Earth orbit. This new method provides realistic diffusion coefficients for chorus waves that account for changes in the wave intensity, the plasma density, and the magnetic field strength in the outer radiation belt. We show that the inferred chorus intensity is significantly lower than previous estimates that use MEPED observations since the same amount of increased precipitation by 30–300 keV electrons can be explained by a change in the plasma density. This technique therefore allows for us to create time varying, global maps of the plasma-gyrofrequency ratio (fpe/fce), and therefore plasma density, in the outer radiation belts using the MEPED measurements. The global density estimates compare reasonably well to in situ density measurements from RBSP-B.
On the Stability of Particle–Particle Interaction during Gravitational Settling
Authors: Hafez Mazen , Ghazvini Mahyar , Kim Myeongsub 
Published: November 2022

The elevated energy demand and high dependency on fossil fuels have directed researchers’ attention to promoting and advancing hydraulic fracturing (HF) operations for a sustainable energy future. Even though previous studies have demonstrated that the proppant suspension and positioning in slickwater play a vital role during the shut-in stage of the HF operations, minimal experimental work has been conducted on the fundamental proppant–proppant interaction mechanisms, especially a complete mapping of the interactions. This study utilizes high-speed imaging to provide a 2D space- and time-resolved investigation of two-particle (proppant models: 2 mm Ø, 2.6 g·cm−3) interactions during gravitational settling in different initial spatial configurations and rheological properties. The mapping facilitates the identification of various interaction regimes and newly observed particle trajectories. Pure water results at a settling particle Reynolds number (Rep) ~ 470 show an unstable particle–particle interaction regime characterized by randomness while altering pure water to a 25% (v/v) water–glycerin mixture (Rep ~ 200) transitions an unstable interaction to a stable prominent repulsion regime where particles’ final separation distance can extend up to four times the initial distance. This indicates the existence of Rep at which the stability of the interactions is achieved. The quantified trajectories indicate that when particles are within minimal proximity, a direct relation between repulsion and Rep exists with varying repulsion characteristics. This was determined by observing unique bottle-shaped trajectories in the prominent repulsion regimes and further highlighted by investigating the rate of lateral separation distance and velocity characteristics. Additionally, a threshold distance in which the particles do not interact (or negligibly interact) and settle independently seems to exist at the normalized 2D lateral separation distance.
Type 2 Nondeep Physiological Dormancy in Seeds of Fraxinus chinensis subsp. rhynchophylla (Hance) A.E.Murray
Authors: An Kangming , Yang Minghan , Baskin Carol Caudle , Li Mingyue , Zhu Meiru , Jiao Chunjing , Wu Haibo , Zhang Peng 
Published: November 2022

Fraxinus chinensis subsp. rhynchophylla (Oleaceae), hereafter F. rhynchophylla, is an important timber species in northeast China; however, little is known about its seed dormancy and germination, which hinders regeneration of the species from seeds for reforestation and conservation. Our aim was to determine the class of seed dormancy and how to break it. Studies were conducted to determine the permeability of the seed coat to water, changes in embryo development during cold stratification and effects of cold stratification on germination over a range of temperatures. The seeds were water-permeable, and the embryo was fully developed and filled the embryonic cavity. Cold stratification at 5 °C for 8 weeks was effective in breaking dormancy; thus, we conclude that the seeds have nondeep physiological dormancy (PD). As cold stratification time was increased, the ability of seeds to germinate at low temperatures (e.g., 10 °C and 15 °C) increased, indicating the presence of Type 2 nondeep PD, in which the minimum temperature for germination decreases during dormancy-break. Nondormant seeds germinated to high percentages and rates at constant temperatures of 25 °C (germination percentage was 63%) and at alternating temperature regimes of 35 °C/25 °C, 30 °C/15 °C, 25 °C/20 °C and 20 °C/10 °C (germination percentage was 66%, 67%, 65% and 66%, respectively). To produce seedlings, we recommend 8 weeks of cold stratification at 5 °C before sowing the seeds at temperatures ranging from 15 °C to 30 °C.
Synergetic Effect of Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Lachancea thermotolerans in Acidification and Aroma Compounds in Airén Wines
Authors: Escott Carlos , Vaquero Cristian , Loira Iris , López Carmen , González Carmen , Morata Antonio 
Published: November 2022

On the one hand, the species Lachancea thermotolerans is known for its high genetic diversity, allowing for the existence of strains that produce high concentrations of lactic acid. In contrast, the species Metschnikowia pulcherrima is renowned for its high enzymatic activity capable of producing aromatic esters during fermentation. By enhancing acidity and boosting the concentration of aromatic compounds, both species are currently used to enhance the organoleptic profile of wines. In this regard, ternary fermentations with M. pulcherrima and L. thermotolerans were carried out and the wines produced were further analysed with GC-FID, FTIR, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The outcomes showed that the species M. pulcherrima favored an increase in ethyl lactate (between 37 and 41 mg/L) along with an increased concentration of 2-phenylethyl alcohol (between 30 and 35 mg/L), whereas the species L. thermotolerans was able to produce 1 g/L of lactic acid in ternary fermentations. Additionally, pH levels were slightly lower in these fermentations and the color of the white wines produced showed less chemical oxidation as hue values were lower than the control. Finally, the ternary fermentations of L. thermotolerans and M. pulcherrima had higher overall rating in the tasting. In conclusion, ternary fermentations involving these two non-Saccharomyces species are suggested as a substitute for spontaneous fermentations in the production of wines from neutral varieties to express freshness more vividly. This biotechnology may be further favored by the possibility of applying emerging technologies for the removal of microorganisms in grapes and musts.
Stress Responses Elicited by Glucose Withdrawal in Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Emri Tamás , Antal Károly , Gila Barnabás , Jónás Andrea P. , Pócsi István 
Published: November 2022

Glucose is a widely used carbon source in laboratory practice to culture Aspergillus fumigatus, however, glucose availability is often low in its “natural habitats”, including the human body. We used a physiological–transcriptomical approach to reveal differences between A. fumigatus Af293 cultures incubated on glucose, glucose and peptone, peptone (carbon limitation), or without any carbon source (carbon starvation). Autolytic cell wall degradation was upregulated by both carbon starvation and limitation. The importance of autolytic cell wall degradation in the adaptation to carbon stress was also highlighted by approximately 12.4% of the A. fumigatus genomes harboring duplication of genes involved in N-acetyl glucosamine utilization. Glucose withdrawal increased redox imbalance, altered both the transcription of antioxidative enzyme genes and oxidative stress tolerance, and downregulated iron acquisition, but upregulated heme protein genes. Transcriptional activity of the Gliotoxin cluster was low in all experiments, while the Fumagillin cluster showed substantial activity both on glucose and under carbon starvation, and the Hexadehydro-astechrome cluster only on glucose. We concluded that glucose withdrawal substantially modified the physiology of A. fumigatus, including processes that contribute to virulence. This may explain the challenge of predicting the in vivo behavior of A. fumigatus based on data from glucose rich cultures.
Revisiting the Modal Verb huì with an Interactional Linguistic Approach
Authors: Zhou Yan 
Published: November 2022

This study takes an interactional linguistics and conversation analysis-based approach to analyze the modal verb huì ‘will’ in the recurrent formular of commissive actions, [wǒ huì X (de)] ‘I will X.’ Data analyses show that this format has two variations differentiated by the prosodic stress on huì. The format with the unstressed huì is often observed in turn-initiating position where the speaker offers to perform a future action or informs the recipient of their arrangement of an established activity. The format with the stressed huì appears in both initiating and responding positions although it is less frequently observed. Stressed huì is often used to reassure the recipient of an existing commitment to performing a future action. This study highlights the significance of prosody in the study of modal verbs and the benefits of studying individual words in a linguistic formula situated in specific interactional contexts.
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of MeJA Responsive Enzymes Involved in Phillyrin Biosynthesis of Forsythia suspensa
Authors: Liu Xiaoran , Zhang Jiaqi , Liu Hao , Shang Huixiang , Zhao Xingli , Xu Huawei , Zhang Hongxiao , Hou Dianyun 
Published: November 2022

Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) has been widely used in traditional medicines in Asia. According to the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, phillyrin is the main active ingredient in F. suspensa, which is effective in clearing heat, reducing swelling, and dispersing nodules. F. suspensa leaf is a non-toxic substance and it can be used to make a health tea. Here, we combine elicitors and transcriptomics to investigate the inducible biosynthesis of the phillyrin from the F. suspensa. After the fruits and leaves of F. suspensa were treated with different concentrations of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), the content of phillyrin in the fruits reached a peak at 200 µM MeJA for 12 h, but which was decreased in leaves. To analyze the differences in key enzyme genes involved in the phillyrin biosynthesis, we sequenced the transcriptome of F. suspensa leaves and fruits treated with 200 µM MeJA for 12 h. We hypothesized that nine genes related to coniferin synthesis including: F. suspensa UDP-glycosyltransferase (FsUGT); F. suspensa 4-coumarate coenzyme CoA ligase (Fs4CL); and F. suspensa Caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase (FsCCoAOMT) etc. The qRT-PCR analysis of genes related to phillyrin biosynthesis was consistent with RNA-seq analysis. We also investigated the dynamic changes of genes in F. suspensa leaves and fruits at different time points after 200 µM MeJA treatment, which laid the foundation for further study of the molecular mechanisms regulating the biosynthesis of phillyrin.
Four-Port Dual-Band Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Dielectric Resonator Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G Communication Applications
Authors: Patel Upesh , Upadhyaya Trushit 
Published: November 2022

A four-port dielectric resonator (DR)-based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is presented for sub-6 GHz MIMO communication. The dielectric resonator was fed through aperture feeding to achieve dual-band resonance. The DRA has the operating modes of TE01δ and TE10δ at 3.3 GHz and 3.9 GHz, respectively. The engineered antenna has port isolation of higher than 20 dB at the target frequencies without the employment of an extra isolation mechanism. Full-wave high-frequency simulation software was employed for the simulation computation. The antenna has a peak gain of 5.8 dBi and 6.2 dBi, and an efficiency of 88.6% and 90.2% at 3.3 GHz and 3.9 GHz, respectively. The proposed resonator has good MIMO diversity parameters. The optimal envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is 0.01, channel capacity loss (CCL) is 0.1 bits/sec/Hz, and the total active reflection coefficient (TARC) is −22.46. The DRA elements are aligned orthogonally with adequate displacement for achieving polarization diversity and spatial diversity. The antenna delivers its applications in Sub-6 GHz 5G and WiMAX communications.