bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Pathogens in Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections Among Infants at a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Tamas Vanessa , Shah Seema , Hollenbach Kathryn A. , Kanegaye John T. 
Published: February 2022

Background
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing pathogens are common among adults and are associated with extended and multiple hospitalizations. They cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) among children with known risk factors such as urinary tract abnormalities and antimicrobial prophylaxis. The emergence of UTIs caused by ESBL-producing organisms among infants has not been well characterized.

Objective
We sought to describe the incidence and current clinical management of infants who were diagnosed with UTIs caused by ESBL-producing organisms at a pediatric emergency department (ED). In addition, we sought to describe risk factors associated with inpatient hospitalization for UTIs caused by ESBL-producing organisms.

Methods
We retrospectively identified infants who were treated in the ED from 2013 to 2017 and who had positive urinalyses and urine cultures positive for greater than 50,000 colony-forming unit per milliliter of a single ESBL-producing urinary pathogen. We abstracted details of clinical management and known previous risk factors, including prior neonatal intensive care unit hospitalization stay, prior UTI caused by an ESBL-producing organism, and known urologic abnormalities.

Results
Forty-five UTIs caused by ESBL-producing organisms occurred in 43 patients (mean age of 5.9 months and 59% female)—ESBL Escherichia coli represented the majority (42/45). The incidence of UTIs caused by ESBL-producing organisms ranged from 0.9% to 4.5% during the 5-year study period. The 13 patients (26%) admitted from the ED were significantly younger than discharged patients (1.9 vs 6.7 months, P = 0.016) and more likely to have had prior neonatal intensive care unit hospitalizations (50% vs 15.6%, P = 0.0456). Of the 33 visits (77%) resulting in initial outpatient management, 5 were followed by readmission for parenteral antibiotic treatment. Of those who were readmitted, 40% (n = 2) were afebrile at the time of admission. The remainder (28/33) completed outpatient oral antibiotic courses guided by susceptibilities. Two patients (4%) had negative repeat urine cultures despite in vitro resistance to initial antibiotic coverage.

Conclusions
Extended spectrum β-lactamase–producing organisms are an increasing cause of UTIs in infants presenting at a pediatric ED, and outpatient management may be reasonable for infants older than 2 months.
Malrotation With Midgut Volvulus in an Adolescent Male
Authors: Greenbaum Rebecca , Koyama Atsuko 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Malrotation and midgut volvulus are conditions commonly described in infants, typically diagnosed within the first month of life. We present an unusual occurrence of high-grade obstruction because of malrotation and volvulus in an adolescent male. His symptoms at presentation, abdominal pain and vomiting, were similar to previous episodes in which he had been diagnosed with constipation or viral gastroenteritis and discharged home. His main criteria for admission for this occurrence were related to his degree of dehydration.
The Use of Point-of-Care Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Müllerian Abnormality in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Acuña Josie , Cabrera-Ramirez Jacob 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We present a case of an 18-year-old female patient with a history of primary amenorrhea presenting to a pediatric emergency department with complaint of new-onset vaginal bleeding. Upon the patient's presentation, she received a point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), which promptly identified the lack of a uterus and led to the diagnosis of a müllerian duct anomaly. This is the first published report of müllerian agenesis identified in the pediatric emergency department using a transabdominal approach to pelvic POCUS. We recommend POCUS as a quick, noninvasive diagnostic approach for pediatric patients presenting with undifferentiated vaginal bleeding to guide further management.
Visualization of Concurrent Epicardial and Microvascular Coronary Artery Disease in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: McGill Liam , Gill Callum , Schoepf U. Joseph , Bayer Richard R. , Suranyi Pal , Varga-Szemes Akos 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We present a patient with history of systemic lupus erythematosus who presented with acute chest pain. Electrocardiography, invasive coronary angiography, and cardiac MRI were performed during the course of her evaluation. Invasive coronary angiography demonstrated obstructive disease in the diagonal system and cardiovascular MRI confirmed an anterior infarct consistent with the electrocardiographic findings. However, MRI also revealed focal inferoseptal hypoperfusion inconsistent with electrocardiographic and angiographic findings. Rather, these findings indicate the presence of concurrent microvascular coronary artery disease, which has a high prevalence among women with autoimmune disease.
Lateral Tarsoplasty for Managing Ectropion and Laxity of the Lower Eyelid
Authors: Hsieh Meng-Chien Willie , Lai Ya-Wei , Wang Yu-Chi , Ramachandran Savitha , Lin Tzu-Yu , Lai Chung-Sheng 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe most challenging complication associated with lower blepharoplasty is ectropion, and the traditional lateral canthopexy or canthoplasty procedure may carry the risk of eyelid malposition or subsequent chemosis. We propose lateral tarsoplasty with a detailed description of the techniques to treat and even prevent ectropion by not involving the medial or lateral canthal ligament so as to avoid complications.Materials and MethodsLower eyelid laxity was analyzed with the snap-back test and distraction test before surgery. Approximately 5 mm medial to the lateral canthus, lateral tarsoplasty is performed through a full-thickness pentagonal tarsal-conjunctival resection according to the “overlapping test” for an accurate measurement of the amount of the tarsus to be resected. Seventy-two eyelids that received either ectropion correction or prevention with lateral tarsoplasty over an 8-year period at a single institution were collected and analyzed for this retrospective review.ResultsLateral tarsoplasty was performed in 39 patients with a mean age of 63.8 years. Thirteen patients with 20 eyelids presented for ectropion correction, in whom 5 to 10 mm of tarsus was resected, 6.0 mm in average. The other 26 patients with 52 eyelids presented for ectropion prevention, in whom 3 to 7 mm of tarsus was resected, 4.1 mm in average. Apart from temporary mild chemosis, all patients experienced highly satisfactory results without any ectropion or malposition of the involved lower eyelids after a follow-up of 8.1 months in average.ConclusionsFor patients with moderate and severe laxity of lower eyelids, lateral tarsoplasty without involvement of the lateral canthal ligament proves to be an effective way to treat and prevent lower eyelid ectropion.
Accuracy of the Application of 3-Dimensional Printing Models in Orbital Blowout Fractures—A Preliminary Study
Authors: Ma Chun-Yu , Wang Tien-Hsiang , Yu Wen-Chan , Shih Yu-Chung , Lin Chih-Hsun , Perng Cherng-Kang , Ma Hsu , Wang Shyh-Jen , Chen Wei-Ming , Chen Ching-En 
Published: February 2022

Background
Application of 3-dimensional (3D) printing technology has grown in the medical field over the past 2 decades. In managing orbital blowout fractures, 3D printed models can be used as intraoperative navigators and could shorten the operational time by facilitating prebending or shaping of the mesh preoperatively. However, a comparison of the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) images and printed 3D models is lacking.

Material and Methods
This is a single-center retrospective study. Patients with unilateral orbital blowout fracture and signed up for customized 3D printing model were included. Reference points for the 2D distance were defined (intersupraorbital notch distance, transverse horizontal, sagittal vertical, and anteroposterior axes for orbital cavity) and measured directly on 3D printing models and on corresponding CT images. The difference and correlation analysis were conducted.

Results
In total, 9 patients were reviewed from June 2017 to December 2020. The mean difference in the intersupraorbital notch measurement between the 2 modules was −0.14 mm (P = 0.67). The mean difference in the distance measured from the modules in the horizontal, vertical, and anteroposterior axes of the traumatic orbits was 0.06 mm (P = 0.85), −0.23 mm (P = 0.47), and 0.51 mm (P = 0.32), whereas that of the unaffected orbits was 0.16 mm (P = 0.44), 0.34 mm (P = 0.24), and 0.1 mm (P = 0.88), respectively. Although 2D parameter differences (<1 mm) between 3D printing models and CT images were discovered, they were not statistically significant.

Conclusions
Three-dimensional printing models showed high identity and correlation to CT image. Therefore, personalized models might be a reliable tool of virtual surgery or as a guide in realistic surgical scenarios for orbital blowout fractures.
Drivers of adaptive evolution during chronic SARS-CoV-2 infections
Authors: Harari Sheri , Tahor Maayan , Rutsinsky Natalie , Meijer Suzy , Miller Danielle , Henig Oryan , Halutz Ora , Levytskyi Katia , Ben-Ami Ronen , Adler Amos , Paran Yael , Stern Adi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn some immunocompromised patients with chronic SARS-CoV-2 infection, dramatic adaptive evolution occurs, with substitutions reminiscent of those in variants of concern (VOCs). Here, we searched for drivers of VOC-like emergence by consolidating sequencing results from a set of twenty-seven chronic infections. Most substitutions in this set reflected lineage-defining VOC mutations, yet a subset of mutations associated with successful global transmission was absent from chronic infections. The emergence of these mutations might dictate when variants from chronic infections can dramatically spread onwards. Next, we tested the ability to predict antibody-evasion mutations from patient- and viral-specific features, and found that viral rebound is strongly associated with the emergence of antibody-evasion. We found evidence for dynamic polymorphic viral populations in most patients, suggesting that a compromised immune system selects for antibody-evasion in particular niches in a patient’s body. We suggest that a trade-off exists between antibody-evasion and transmissibility that potentially constrains VOC emergence, and that monitoring chronic infections may be a means to predict future VOCs.
Detection of nervous necrosis virus RGNNV genotype in pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × E. fuscoguttatus ♀) fry imported to Thailand
Authors: Jungi Sumit Vinod , Sangsuriya Pakkakul , Taengphu Suwimon , Phiwsaiya Kornsunee , Sonthi Molruedee , Nuangsaeng Bunlung , Salin Krishna R , Senapin Saengchan , Dong Ha Thanh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a deadly virus that affects more than 120 fish species worldwide, but there is little information about it in Thailand. In August 2019, a population of pearl gentian grouper fry imported to Thailand experienced mass mortality. The diseased fish exhibited darkening, floating on the water surface, ‘sleepy behaviour’, and erratic swimming. We received a set of samples for disease diagnosis. PCR analysis revealed that these samples were positive for NNV but negative for Megalocytivirus ISKNV and Ranavirus. Sequencing the virus’s genome and phylogenetic analysis revealed that it is a member of the red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) genotype. In situ hybridization using an NNV-specific probe revealed localization of the virus in the vacuolation lesions of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the retina of infected fish. The virus was successfully isolated from tissue homogenate from diseased fish using the E-11 cell line. This study identified NNV (RGNNV genotype) as a virus associated with massive die-offs in imported pearl grouper fry in Thailand. Considering the infectious nature of the virus and its broad host range, appropriate biosecurity measures are needed to prevent any loss to the marine aquaculture industry.HighlightsThis study reports detection of NNV in grouper larvae imported to ThailandThe virus was assigned to the RGNNV genotype, which is the most extensively distributed genotypeHistopathology revealed a pathognomonic lesion of NNVISH using an NNV-specific probe revealed localization of NNV in the CNS and retinaThe virus was successfully propagated from diseased fish using the E-11 cell line
Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine among children 5-11 and 12-17 years in New York after the Emergence of the Omicron Variant
Authors: Dorabawila Vajeera , Hoefer Dina , Bauer Ursula E. , Bassett Mary T. , Lutterloh Emily , Rosenberg Eli S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImportanceThere is limited evidence on the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine for children, particularly those 5-11 years and after the Omicron variant’s emergence.ObjectiveTo estimate BNT162b2 vaccine effectiveness against COVID cases and hospitalizations among children 5-11 years and 12-17 years during December, 2021 and January, 2022.DesignAnalyses of cohorts constructed from linked statewide immunization, laboratory testing, and hospitalization databases.Setting/ParticipantsNew York State children 5-17 years.Main outcomes/measuresNew laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations. Comparisons were made using the incidence rate ratio (IRR), comparing outcomes by vaccination status, and estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE: 1-[1/IRR]).ResultsFrom December 13, 2021 to January 30, 2022, among 852,384 fully-vaccinated children 12-17 years and 365,502 children 5-11 years, VE against cases declined from 66% (95% CI: 64%, 67%) to 51% (95% CI: 48%, 54%) for those 12-17 years and from 68% (95% CI: 63%, 72%) to 12% (95% CI: 6%, 16%) for those 5-11 years. During the January 24-30 week, VE for children 11 years was 11% (95%CI -3%, 23%) and for those age 12 was 67% (95% CI: 62%, 71%). VE against hospitalization declined changed from 85% (95% CI: 63%, 95%) to 73% (95% CI: 53%, 87%) for children 12-17 years, and from 100% (95% CI: -189%, 100%) to 48% (95% CI: -12%, 75%) for those 5-11 years. Among children newly fully-vaccinated December 13, 2021 to January 2, 2022, VE against cases within two weeks of full vaccination for children 12-17 years was 76% (95% CI: 71%, 81%) and by 28-34 days it was 56% (95% CI: 43%, 63%). For children 5-11, VE against cases declined from 65% (95% CI: 62%, 68%) to 12% (95% CI: 8%, 16%) by 28-34 days.Conclusions and RelevanceIn the Omicron era, the effectiveness against cases of BNT162b2 declined rapidly for children, particularly those 5-11 years. However, vaccination of children 5-11 years was protective against severe disease and is recommended. These results highlight the potential need to study alternative vaccine dosing for children and the continued importance layered protections, including mask wearing, to prevent infection and transmission.
SARS-CoV-2 Exposures of Healthcare Workers from Primary Care, Long-Term Care Facilities and Hospitals: A Nationwide Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Belan Martin , Charmet Tiffany , Schaeffer Laura , Tubiana Sarah , Duval Xavier , Lucet Jean-Christophe , Fontanet Arnaud , Birgand Gabriel , Kernéis Solen 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesHealthcare workers (HCWs) are at higher risk of contracting coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) than the general population. This study assessed the roles of various exposures and personal protective equipment (PPE) use on that risk for HCWs working in primary care, long-term-care facilities (LTCFs) or hospitals.MethodsWe conducted a matched case-control (1:1) study (10 April–9 July 2021). Cases (HCWs with confirmed COVID-19) and controls (HCWs without any COVID-19-positive test or symptoms) recruited by email were invited to complete an online questionnaire on their exposures and PPE use. Questions covered the 10 days preceding symptom onset for cases (or testing if asymptomatic) or inclusion for controls.ResultsA total of 4152 matched cases and controls were included. The multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis retained exposure to an infected person outside work (adjusted odds ratio, 19.9 [95% confidence intervaI, 12.4–31.9]), an infected colleague (2.26 [1.53–3.33]) or COVID-19 patients (2.37 [1.66–3.40]), as independent predictors of COVID-19 in HCWs, while partial or complete immunization was protective. Eye protection (0.57 [0.37–0.87]) and wearing a gown (0.58 [0.34–0.97]) during COVID-19 patient care were protective, while wearing an apron slightly increased the risk of infection (1.47 [1.00–2.18]). N95-respirator protection was comparable to that of surgical masks. Results were consistent across healthcare-facility categories.ConclusionsHCWs were more likely to get COVID-19 in their personal sphere than during occupational activities. Our results suggest that eye protection for HCWs during patient care should be actively promoted.
Impact of migration on household consumption expenditures in Bangladesh using the coarsened exact matching (CEM) approach
Authors: Hossain Aktar , Gani Mohammad Osman 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe study aims to examine the impact of migration on household consumption expenditures in Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses coarsened exact matching methods to examine the causal impact between migration and household welfare using the dataset on Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2010 on 12,213 households.FindingsThe study reveals that migration has a positive impact on household welfare improvement through increases in their consumption expenditures. Households with migration status are found to spend more on food, non-food (housing, durable goods, fuel, cosmetics, cleaning, transport, clothing, taxes, insurance, recreation) items and medical. However, the authors do not find any evidence of impacts on education expenditures.Research limitations/implicationsThe availability of panel data and the use of other variables (e.g. household investment expenditures, household budget allocation for agricultural input expenses, etc.) would have been able to provide vivid results.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the Bangladeshi migration literature by offering a novel empirical assessment of the Bangladeshi migrants and its impact on household welfare by drawing upon a recently published, nationally representative sample of Bangladeshi households.
Ethical challenges in an evolving digital communication era: coping resources and ethics trainings in corporate communications
Authors: Meng Juan , Kim Solyee , Reber Bryan 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis study is motivated to investigate the ethical challenges facing public relations professionals in today's digital communication environment. Specifically, the authors focused the research on the new ethical challenges in digital practice, the resources relied on when encountering ethical challenges and public relations professionals' efforts in seeking trainings on communication ethics.Design/methodology/approachAn international online survey was designed and conducted in Canada and the USA. The final sample includes 1,046 respondents working full time in the profession of public relations and communication. In addition, the authors prespecified several demographic quotas in sampling design in order to recruit a more representative sample.FindingsThe research found nearly 60% of surveyed professionals reported that they faced ethical challenges in their day-to-day work, and there is a wide range of ethical challenges in digital practices. Results also revealed that professionals use various resources to deal with ethical issues. Those resources include ethical codes of practice of professional associations, ethical guidelines of their organizations and their personal values and beliefs. As common as experiencing ethical challenges, over 85% of surveyed professionals reported that they have participated in communication ethics training. However, only 30% of participants indicated that their ethics training took place in the past year.Originality/valueThe research provides solid evidence that the digital communication environment generates more ethical challenges, while it creates new ways of delivering content in corporate communications. Professional associations and organizations shall dedicate efforts in providing timely ethics training to PR professionals at all levels of leadership within and beyond corporate communications.
A PCA-based variable ranking and selection approach for electric energy load forecasting
Authors: Bezerra Francisco Elânio , Grassi Flavio , Dias Cleber Gustavo , Pereira Fabio Henrique 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to propose an approach based upon the principal component analysis (PCA) to define a contribution rate for each variable and then select the main variables as inputs to a neural network for energy load forecasting in the region southeastern Brazil.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed approach defines a contribution rate of each variable as a weighted sum of the inner product between the variable and each principal component. So, the contribution rate is used for selecting the most important features of 27 variables and 6,815 electricity data for a multilayer perceptron network backpropagation prediction model. Several tests, starting from the most significant variable as input, and adding the next most significant variable and so on, are accomplished to predict energy load (GWh). The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin and Bartlett sphericity tests were used to verify the overall consistency of the data for factor analysis.FindingsAlthough energy load forecasting is an area for which databases with tens or hundreds of variables are available, the approach could select only six variables that contribute more than 85% for the model. While the contribution rates of the variables of the plants, plus energy exchange added, have only 14.14% of contribution, the variable the stored energy has a contribution rate of 26.31% being fundamental for the prediction accuracy.Originality/valueBesides improving the forecasting accuracy and providing a faster predictor, the proposed PCA-based approach for calculating the contribution rate of input variables providing a better understanding of the underlying process that generated the data, which is fundamental to the Brazilian reality due to the accentuated climatic and economic variations.