bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimming the Lights to Support the Overall Human Wellbeing In An Urban Context
Authors: Akanpinar Oktay 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In modern times we are exposing ourselves to artificial light sources more than our ancestors were and it is conflicting with learned behaviours developed during the evolutionary process over thousands of years. In this review paper, the effect of this rapid change and possible effects on human wellbeing is questioned. Publications detailing, the health consequences of circadian disruptions and the current stage of global artificial light at night publications have been reviewed to see the level of intrusive lighting at night and to understand the possible connection. The current level of light pollution is mainly questioned as it is reported that the human circadian system and melatonin suppression is more sensitive to a lower level of light than has been previously reported [1]. During the time of review “Light at Night and Circadian” terms used in at Google Chrome search engine and, 24,557 publications were found on Science Direct [2], 17,500 publications were found on Google Scholar [3], and 1,240 free publications were found on PubMed [4] sites that are directly related to the circadian rhythm and light at night topics. Among those publications, recently published research papers (2010-2020) have been selected for review to narrow down the reviewed light sources to light emitting diodes (LEDs) as it is noted that the circadian system is susceptible to the blue wavelengths and LEDs are showing a peak in their spectrum at the same sensitivity area. At the end of the review, possible direct connections between the use of artificial light and adverse physiological and psychological effects with more severe health problems have been found. In addition, the current light pollution studies showed that vast majority of the global population is living under light polluted skies and possibly experiencing the negative effects of disrupted circadian system daily and therefore experiencing deteriorating effects of circadian disruptions and personal wellbeing. As the use of artificial light rapidly increases with global population, exposure to artificial light will increase exponentially in the near future and not only human beings but also the rest of the ecosystem will suffer from its negative effects. Because of this rapid change we should start implementing more stringent guidelines written with consideration for the health implications of artificial light while controlling the excessive use of it. Also, as the LED based lighting systems increase their popularity worldwide, we should start researching a possible modification to reduce the impact of the LED lighting on circadian system and its negative effects on human wellbeing.
Spray nebulization enables polycaprolactone nanofiber production in a manner suitable for generation of scaffolds or direct deposition of nanofibers onto cells
Authors: McKenna Eamonn , Futrega Kathryn , Klein Travis J , Altalhi Tariq A , Popat Amirali , Kumeria Tushar , Doran Michael R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Spray nebulization is an elegant, but relatively unstudied, technique for scaffold production. Herein we fabricated mesh scaffolds of polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers via spray nebulization of 8% PCL in dichloromethane (DCM) using a 55.2 kPa compressed air stream and 17 ml h−1 polymer solution flow rate. Using a refined protocol, we tested the hypothesis that spray nebulization would simultaneously generate nanofibers and eliminate solvent, yielding a benign environment at the point of fiber deposition that enabled the direct deposition of nanofibers onto cell monolayers. Nanofibers were collected onto a rotating plate 20 cm from the spray nozzle, but could be collected onto any static or moving surface. Scaffolds exhibited a mean nanofiber diameter of 910 ± 190 nm, ultimate tensile strength of 2.1 ± 0.3 MPa, elastic modulus of 3.3 ± 0.4 MPa, and failure strain of 62 ± 6%. In vitro, scaffolds supported growth of human keratinocyte cell epithelial-like layers, consistent with potential utility as a dermal scaffold. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that DCM had vaporized and was undetectable in scaffolds immediately following production. Exploiting the rapid elimination of DCM during fiber production, we demonstrated that nanofibers could be directly deposited on to cell monolayers, without compromising cell viability. This is the first description of spray nebulization generating nanofibers using PCL in DCM. Using this method, it is possible to rapidly produce nanofiber scaffolds, without need for high temperatures or voltages, yielding a method that could potentially be used to deposit nanofibers onto cell cultures or wound sites.
Solvent selection in membrane preparation from polyethylene terephthalate plastic waste: computational and experimental study
Authors: Ali Badrut Tamam Ibnu , Widiastuti Nurul , Kusumawati Yuly , Ivansyah Atthar Luqman , Jaafar Juhana 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The selection of the solvent during the membrane preparation process significantly affects the characteristics of the resulting membrane. The large number of organic solvents available for dissolving polymers renders this experimental approach ineffective. A computational approach can select a solvent using the solvation energy value approach. In addition, no organic waste is generated from the computational approach, which is a distinct advantage. A computational approach using the DFT/B3LYP/def2-TZVP RIJCOSX method was used to optimize the structure of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The PET for the experiment was obtained from the utilization of plastic bottle waste. In addition, a review of the thermodynamics, geometry, HOMO-LUMO orbitals, and vibrational frequencies was conducted to validate the PET molecule against the experimental results. A conductor-like polarizable continuum model was used to determine the best solvent for dissolving the PET plastic waste. The results demonstrated that the Fourier Transform Infra-Red and Fourier Transform Raman spectra obtained from computational calculations were not significantly different from the experimental results. Based on a thermodynamic approach, computationally the Gibbs free energy (−724.723), entropy (0.0428), and enthalpy (−724,723 Kjmol−1 ) values of the PET dimer molecule are not much different from the experimental values (−601, 0.042, and −488 Kjmol−1). The computational approach was successful in selecting solvents that can dissolve PET plastic bottle waste. Phenol solvent has the lowest solvation energy value (−101.879 Kjmol−1) and the highest binding energy (2.4 Kjmol−1) than other solvents. Computational and experimental results demonstrated that the phenol solvent was able to dissolve PET plastic bottle waste better than the other solvents.
Propagation of visible light in nanostructured niobium stripes embedded in a dielectric polymer
Authors: Telesio F , Mezzadri F , Serrano-Ruiz M , Peruzzini M , Bisio F , Heun S , Fabbri F 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nanometric metallic stripes allow the transmission of optical signals via the excitation and propagation of surface-localized evanescent electromagnetic waves, with important applications in the field of nano-photonics. Whereas this kind of plasmonic phenomena typically exploits noble metals, like Ag or Au, other materials can exhibit viable light-transport efficiency. In this work, we demonstrate the transport of visible light in nanometric niobium stripes coupled with a dielectric polymeric layer, exploiting the remotely-excited/detected Raman signal of black phosphorus (bP) as the probe. The light-transport mechanism is ascribed to the generation of surface plasmon polaritons at the Nb/polymer interface. The propagation length is limited due to the lossy nature of niobium in the optical range, but this material may allow the exploitation of specific functionalities that are absent in noble-metal counterparts.
Axiomatization
Authors: Moore A. W. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter is concerned with the appeal and demands of axiomatization. The appeal of axiomatization is that of capturing the entire infinite truth about a subject in a finite stock of basic principles and rules. If we can achieve that, it will not only help us to make sense of the subject; it will also help us to make sense of how we make sense of it. An argument is given that this is particularly significant in the case of a mathematical subject. The axiomatization of geometry that Euclid gave around 300 BC is then presented as a case study to illustrate the demands of axiomatization. Despite its great power and precision, it contains gaps that invalidate some of the proofs that Euclid based on it; and some of these gaps are exposed. Euclid’s axiomatization is also used to illustrate the concepts of independence and consistency. One of Euclid’s basic principles can be shown to be independent of the others. This is done by showing that an alternative non-Euclidean axiomatization, in which this basic principle is replaced by a rival, is consistent. The chapter concludes by drawing some lessons from how this in turn is shown, which involves assuming that the original Euclidean axiomatization is consistent: this suggests that the best we can hope for in demonstrating the consistency of one axiomatization is to use another axiomatization whose consistency is less open to doubt.
Anselm’s life, work, and contexts
Authors: Williams Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Anselm’s work was shaped by a number of contexts: monastic, intellectual, public, and ecclesiastical. Anselm’s fundamental commitment was to the monastic life, formed by prayer, committed to obedience, and expressed in a communal life marked by deep friendship and mutual encouragement. Many of his works were written in response to requests by his fellow monks; his letters of friendship and spiritual counsel are noteworthy for their deep feeling and for their rigorous expectations. For Anselm, the acceptance of ecclesiastical authority affords a monk the freedom to focus wholeheartedly on God; similarly, the acceptance of theological authority sets one free to think about ‘the deep things of God’ with confidence that one’s thinking will not go astray. He therefore made freer and more creative use than his contemporaries of the tools of dialectic—techniques of linguistic analysis and argumentation—that had been revived in the eleventh century. Anselm was happiest when he could be both fully a monk and fully a dialectician, but other responsibilities intruded. He became prior and then abbot of Bec and was ultimately named archbishop of Canterbury by William II. Anselm foresaw that he would have endless conflict with the venal and hot-headed king, but as a matter of obedience to what he saw as a divine call for the welfare of the church in England, he accepted. The demands of obedience proved more difficult still when Anselm was drawn into the English phase of the investiture controversy, a struggle to free the Church from lay control.
The great restoration project
Authors: Williams Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The explanation of the fall of the angels applies equally to the sin of Adam and Eve. From the beginning, human beings freely threw away justice and chose what they thought would make them happy. They thereby missed out on God’s purpose for them. But God’s purposes do not change, so God is committed to restoring human beings to the possibility of knowing and loving him that was his aim in creating them. Anselm’s account of this great restoration project—his theory of the atonement—is his greatest legacy to systematic theology. Sin, Anselm argues, is of infinite seriousness, because it is an affront to the infinite honour of God. By sinning, our first parents put themselves and all their natural descendants in an intolerable situation: there is nothing any of them can do to repair the breach, because even if they could offer themselves wholly to God, that is no more than they owe God anyway. God cannot simply dismiss the debt; such moral frivolity would be incompatible with the perfection of the divine character. So God the Son takes the debt on himself by becoming human. He willingly offers his own life as satisfaction for sin. Because his life belongs to one who has a divine nature, it is infinitely valuable, and therefore a more than adequate satisfaction; because he is also a descendant of Adam, he can make the offering as one of the race of debtors, so that the satisfaction is offered by us to God.
Microbiomes, nutrition, and metabolic health
Authors: Douglas Angela E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter covers the effects of the microbiome on the nutrition and metabolic health of the host. The discipline of nutritional science highlights having adequate nutrients to grow and reproduce. Some microorganisms deliver essential nutrients and regulate numerous aspects of gut function and the nutritional health of animals. In certain animals, especially plant-feeding mammals and some insects, the metabolic activities of the microbiome enable the host to subsist on diets that would otherwise be nutritionally inadequate. The chapter also reviews the growing evidence that perturbation to the microbiome can contribute to human malnutrition. Dysfunction in the microbiome can aggravate stunted growth and impair development of undernourished children. Microbiome factors have also been implicated in metabolic syndrome of adults, with evidence that certain bariatric surgery procedures can restructure the gut microbiome for improved health.
Microbiomes, the brain, and behaviour
Authors: Douglas Angela E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the patterns and processes underlying microbiome impacts on brain function and the behaviour of animals, including humans. Various lines of evidence indicate that the presence and composition of the gut microbiome can influence learning, memory, and the emotional state of animals. These effects may be mediated by compounds released from microorganisms that enter the bloodstream and are transported to the brain, or by direct effects on nerve cells in the gut. Research on laboratory mice and fruit flies implicates perturbation of the microbiome in the onset and severity of several neurological disorders, notably autism and Alzheimer’s disease.
SNRMPACDC: computational model focused on Siamese network and random matrix projection for anticancer synergistic drug combination prediction
Authors: Li Tian-Hao , Wang Chun-Chun , Zhang Li , Chen Xing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Synergistic drug combinations can improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the drug dosage to avoid toxicity. In previous years, an in vitro approach was utilized to screen synergistic drug combinations. However, the in vitro method is time-consuming and expensive. With the rapid growth of high-throughput data, computational methods are becoming efficient tools to predict potential synergistic drug combinations. Considering the limitations of the previous computational methods, we developed a new model named Siamese Network and Random Matrix Projection for AntiCancer Drug Combination prediction (SNRMPACDC). Firstly, the Siamese convolutional network and random matrix projection were used to process the features of the two drugs into drug combination features. Then, the features of the cancer cell line were processed through the convolutional network. Finally, the processed features were integrated and input into the multi-layer perceptron network to get the predicted score. Compared with the traditional method of splicing drug features into drug combination features, SNRMPACDC improved the interpretability of drug combination features to a certain extent. In addition, the introduction of convolutional networks can better extract the potential information in the features. SNRMPACDC achieved the root mean-squared error of 15.01 and the Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.75 in 5-fold cross-validation of regression prediction for response data. In addition, SNRMPACDC achieved the AUC of 0.91 ± 0.03 and the AUPR of 0.62 ± 0.05 in 5-fold cross-validation of classification prediction of synergistic or not. These results are almost better than all the previous models. SNRMPACDC would be an effective approach to infer potential anticancer synergistic drug combinations.
Survival of patients with congenital ventricular septal defect
Authors: Eckerström Filip , Nyboe Camilla , Maagaard Marie , Redington Andrew , Hjortdal Vibeke Elisabeth 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
The long-term survival of patients with isolated congenital ventricular septal defect (VSD) is not well described. The aim of this study was to describe the survival of a national cohort of patients with VSD compared with the general population.

Methods and results
Using Danish nationwide medical registries, all patients diagnosed with congenital VSD (n = 9,136) in the period 1977–2018 were included. Patients with chromosomal abnormalities and concomitant congenital cardiac malformations other than atrial septal defect were excluded. Each patient was matched by birthyear and sex with ten controls from the general Danish population. Kaplan−Meier survival function and Cox proportional hazard regression were used to compute survival and mortality risk. Median follow-up was 22 years (interquartile range: 11–37). VSD patients displayed lower survival (P&lt;0.001) yielding a hazard ratio (HR) for mortality of 2.7 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4–3.0] compared with matched controls. The adjusted HR for mortality among patients with unrepaired VSD was 2.7 (95% CI: 2.4–3.0) and 2.8 (95% CI: 2.1–3.7) for patients with surgically closed VSD. Stratified by era of VSD diagnosis, the HR for mortality was 3.2 (95% CI: 2.8–3.7) for unrepaired patients diagnosed before 1990 and 2.4 (95% CI: 2.0–2.7) for patients diagnosed later. Cardiac-related death was the commonest cause of death among unrepaired (30%) and surgically closed (65%) patients.

Conclusion
Patients with VSD had lower survival compared with the general population. The HR for mortality was increased over 2.5-fold in patients with unrepaired defect (Eisenmenger syndrome excluded) and over 1.5-fold in patients with surgically closed defect (excluding surgical mortality).
Feasibility of seismic time-lapse monitoring of CO2 with rock physics parametrized full waveform inversion
Authors: Hu Qi , Grana Dario , Innanen Kristopher A 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARY
Carbon capture and storage is an important technology for greenhouse gas mitigation. Monitoring of CO2 storage should, in addition to locating the plume, provide quantitative information on CO2 saturation. We propose a full waveform inversion (FWI) algorithm for the prediction of the spatial distribution of CO2 saturation from time-lapse seismic data. The methodology is based on the application of a rock-physics parametrized FWI scheme that allows for direct updating of reservoir properties. We derive porosity and lithology parameters from baseline data and use them as input to predict CO2 saturation from monitor data. The method is tested on synthetic time-lapse data generated for the Johansen formation model. Practical issues associated with field data applications, such as acquisition limitations, construction of the initial model, noise and uncertainty in the rock physics model, are taken into account in the simulation. The results demonstrate the robustness of our approach for reconstructing baseline and monitor models. We also illustrate the potential of the approach as compared to conventional two-step inversion algorithms, in which an elastic FWI prediction of velocities and density is followed by rock physics inversion.
Revolutionary amnesia and the nature of prerogative power
Authors: Kershaw David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
What is the nature and source of prerogative power? Where does it come from and how was it created? British constitutional law makes several assumptions in these regards. It assumes that these powers are inherent in or intrinsic to the Crown and it assumes that these powers are common law powers, meaning that they are constituted or conferred by the common law. This article takes issue with these conceptions of the nature of prerogative power. It shows that the idea that prerogative powers are sourced in the common law is derived from the seventeenth century’s theory of the ancient constitution; a theory famously advocated by Sir Edward Coke and embodied in his observation that “the King hath no prerogative but that which the law of the land allows him.” However, as the article shows, this theory of the ancient constitution was not an accepted theory of law in the seventeenth century, but rather an intensely contested political theory. It occupied a battlefield of constitutional ideas along with theories of kingly power sourced in conquest and the divine. Moreover, although these theories disagreed about the source and extent of prerogative power, they all posited a protocorporate Crown wedded to dynastic succession. The article shows that, from the perspective of a corporate Crown, the Glorious Revolution of 1689 resulted in the effective dissolution or dormancy of the kingly corporation embodied in James II, requiring that the Crown and kingly power be remade anew in the United Kingdom’s last “historically first” constitutional event. Through a close reading of the Bill of Rights and the proceedings of the Convention Parliament of 1689, the article evidences the statutory remaking of the Crown and prerogative powers and shows how from 1689 to today prerogative powers should be understood as a grander form of statutorily delegated power.
Firearms and Mental Health
Authors: Pirelli Gianni , DeMarco Sarah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter provides medical and mental health professionals with an overview of the professional literature pertaining to firearms and mental health as well as emerging roles in their respective disciplines. It begins with a review of the literature on mental illness and violence generally, followed by a more nuanced review of the professional literature and commentary on mental illness and firearm-involved violence. Within the same type of format, the chapter proceeds with a review of domestic violence and intimate partner violence, and then suicide. Finally, emerging roles for medical and mental health professionals are addressed, particularly within the context of considerations associated with violence, domestic violence and intimate partner violence, suicide, and firearm law and policy.
Forensic Mental Health Assessment and Firearm-Specific Evaluations
Authors: Pirelli Gianni , DeMarco Sarah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this chapter, medical and mental health professionals are provided with an overview of forensic mental health assessment principles as well as a framework for conducting firearm-specific evaluations. The section addressing firearm-specific evaluations is divided into subsections addressing scenarios involving gun applicants; mental health expungements; and gun rights restoration matters, including forfeiture, reinstatement, “red flag,” and related scenarios. The following part of this chapter is an overview of violence and suicide risk assessment models and approaches. The last section pertains to firearm-specific assessment. Two formal, published frameworks are reviewed—Relief from Disability and Pirelli Firearm-10—followed by considerations for conducting evaluations with law enforcement, corrections, and military personnel.