bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Photoresponse and Donor Concentration of Plasma Sprayed TiO2 and TiO2-ZnO Electrodes
Authors: Ye F.-X. , Ohmori A. , Li C.-J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The photoelectrochemical characteristics of plasma sprayed porous TiO2, TiO2-5%ZnO and TiO2-10%ZnO electrodes in 0.1N NaOH solution were studied through a three-electrode cell system. The microstructure, morphology and composition of the electrodes were analyzed using electron probe surface roughness analyzer (ERA-8800FE), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the sprayed electrodes had a porous microstructure, which was affected by the plasma spraying parameters and composition of the powders. TiO2-ZnO electrodes consisted of anatase TiO2, rutile TiO2 and Zn2Ti3O8 phase. The photoresponse characteristics of the plasma sprayed electrodes were comparable to that of single crystal TiO2, but the breakdown voltage was approximate to 0.5V (vs. SCE). The short-circuit photocurrent density increased with a decrease of donor concentration, which was calculated according to Garner-Bulter model. For the lowest donor concentration of a TiO2-5%ZnO electrode prepared under the arc current of 600A, the short-circuit photocurrent density was approximately 0.4mA/cm2 higher than that of the TiO2 electrodes under 30mW/cm2 xenon light irradiation. The photocurrent density increased linearly with light intensity.
Photocatalytic Properties of Coatings Sprayed from TiOx and Tin-2Cr2O2n-1 Powders by APS and VPS
Authors: Toma F.-L. , Bertrand G. , Klein D. , Berger L.-M. , Thiele S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has emerged as an excellent photocatalyst material for environmental purification about two decades ago but only recently few works have focused on the photocatalytic properties of sprayed titanium oxide coatings. So far, the role of oxygen deficiency which can appear as a result of the spray process or by use of titanium suboxide powders on the photocatalytic activity has not been investigated. Also the possible influence of the shear plane structure of titanium suboxides (Magnéli phases) on the photocatalytic activity was not taken into consideration. In the present work, the photocatalytic properties of three powders and coatings sprayed from these powders by APS and VPS are investigated: (1) a commercial fused and crushed titanium oxide powder, (2) an agglomerated and sintered titanium suboxide powder consisting predominantly of Magnéli phases Ti6O11 and Ti5O9, (3) an agglomerated and sintered powder consisting of Ti2Cr2O7 and Ti6Cr2O15 (Magnéli phases in the TiO2- Cr2O3 phase diagram). The phase compositions of the powders and the coatings were investigated by X-ray diffraction. Neither for the spray powders nor for the coatings any ability to reduce the NOx concentration by the photocatalysis was found. From this it is concluded that both oxygen deficiency as well as Magnéli phase structure are not responsible for photocatalytic properties of materials in the Ti-O phase diagram.
The Influence of Plasma Characteristics on Particle Properties During Plasma-Spraying of Yttria Stabilized Zirconia Using a Triplex Torch
Authors: Döring J.-E. , Marqués J.-L. , Vaßen R. , Stöver D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The heat and momentum transfer of the plasma to the injected particles is an important issue in coating formation during plasma spraying. In this study, the plasma temperature and velocity of a Triplex-I torch was measured by means of an enthalpy probe system. Additionally, the properties of injected yttria-stabilized-zirconia powder of a fine sized fraction were recorded spatially resolved by using a DPV2000 system. The plasma temperature and velocity are decreasing by increasing the distance from 45 to 60 mm with respect to the torch exit by approximately 50% from initially 6200°C and 400 m/s, respectively. In contrast, the particles gain temperature up to the melting point at 70 mm stand-off distance as well as the velocity rises up to its highest value of 115 m/s at the maximum flow rate of the particles. Both, plasma and particle characteristics were used to obtain a deeper insight on heat- and momentum transfer of the plasma jet to the single particles.
Investigation of Arc Voltage Fluctuations in a Plasma Torch SG-100 Operated with Ar/H2
Authors: Vysohlid M. , Heberlein J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Voltage fluctuations are investigated for a wide range of operating conditions using the Praxair SG-100 plasma torch operated with Ar/H2 as plasma gas. The voltage signals are characterized using statistically averaged values and power spectra. The process of anode erosion and its effect on the characteristics of the signal are described. It has been found that erosion has only little effect on the average voltage, but two characteristics of the voltage fluctuations obtained from image analysis of the voltage trace are found to be excellent indicators of anode erosion. An estimate of arc root speeds based on the voltage traces yields values of 50-100 m/s. It is estimated that the range of arc root movement and arc root speed is significantly reduced to less than one half of the original value due to anode erosion. Investigation of the effect of operating conditions and anode erosion on power spectra has been investigated and it has been observed that high frequency peaks are predominantly a characteristic of the geometry of the anode.
The Microstructure and High Temperature Sliding Wear Behavior of Fe-Al Coating Produced by High Velocity Arc Spraying
Authors: Bin-shi Xu , Zi-xin Zhu , Wei Zhang , Shi-ning Ma 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The microstructure and sliding wear behavior from room temperature up to 650°C of Fe-Al intermetallic coating produced by cored wire and high velocity arc spraying (HVAS) have been investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersion spectroscope (EDS), optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the microstructure and sliding friction and wear mechanism of the coatings. Chemical analysis of the coating indicated the composition to be Fe-20.0Al-14.1O (at.%). The microstructure was found to consist of Fe3Al, FeAl and α-Fe regions mainly, together with fine oxide (Al2O3) layers and a little Al. The results of sliding wear indicated that the Fe-Al coating exhibited low friction coefficient and low wear rate at elevated temperatures. The reason of the friction coefficient decreasing at elevated temperatures is that protective oxide film formed on the worn surface during sliding wear process. And delamination is the predominant wear mechanism of the coatings. The Fe3Al and FeAl intermetallics which have higher strength and hardness at elevated temperatures can effectively resist crack initiation, propagation and splat fracture, thus resulting in excellent high temperature wear resistance of the Fe-Al coating.
From 'Gigahurts' to Gigahertz - The Process of Silicon Debug
Authors: Josephson Doug 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article provides a detailed overview of silicon characterization and debug process, describing the intent of each step, the challenges involved, and the FA tools and techniques used. It also discusses the difference between electrical and functional failures, the implementation and use of on-chip debugging resources, the important role of schmoo plots.
Characterization and Debug of Reverse-Body Bias Low-Power Modes
Authors: Clark Lawrence T. , McCarroll David W. , Bawolek Edward J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
ICs designed for portable devices often make use of reverse-body bias (RBB) modes to limit leakage currents. The added complexity of RBB support circuitry presents a challenge during IC characterization and debug. This article discusses the nature of the problem and explains how to identify irregularities in circuits operating in the body-biased condition using standard debug tools with simple modifications. It describes some of the bugs discovered in an actual examination and explains how they were diagnosed by analyzing I-V curve traces and infrared emission microscopy (IREM) images.
Подільське село у 1944 р.: соціально-економічне становище
Authors: Кравченко Павло 
Published: July 2022

The aim of the article is to analyze and characterize the social and economic processes in Vinnytsia region agriculture, which accompanied the Soviet regime restoration after the region was liberated from the German-Romanian occupation in 1944. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific principles of analysis, synthesis, generalization and special-historical principles of historical-criticism, historical-systematic and specific-problematic research, quantitative methods with the principles of historicism, systematics, and scientific verification. The scientific novelty of the work lies primarily in the fact that the author researched and analyzed new sources, critically examined Soviet party documents of the stated time and revealed the characteristics of the social and economic situation in the Podilia village after the restoration of Stalin's regime and collective farming. Conclusions. The restoration of the colonial communist Soviet regime in the Vinnytsia region did not improve the social and economic situation for the collective farm peasantry. On top of the material and human losses inflicted by the German-Romanian occupation and military operations of the warring parties, there was added a strict exploitative policy of state procurement, and forced relocation of the population to Crimea and Donbass, which further weakened Podilia village. Some aspects of the problem need further study and research of archival documents of the time.
Краніологія жінок скіфської культури з території України
Authors: Долженко Юрій , Пальчик Оксана 
Published: July 2022

У статті охарактеризовано рівень неоднорідності представниць жіноцтва скіфської культури з території лісостепу та степу України, з’ясовано їх місце серед синхронних жіночих скіфських, сарматських груп та серій епохи пізнього енеоліту, бронзи, зрубної культури Євразії. Мета статті – ввести в науковий обіг нові краніологічні дані. Методологія. В основі дослідження лежать принципи історизму та об’єктивності, використано загальнонаукові (аналіз і синтез), історичні (порівняльно-історичний), антропологічні та статистичні методи. Також застосовувалися три стандартні методики: краніометрія (за Р. Мартіним), етнічна краніоскопія (яку запропонував О. Г. Козінцев) та краніофенетика (за методикою А. Беррі, Р. Дж. Беррі, яку апробувала А. А. Мовсесян). При інтерпретації даних використано комп’ютерні програми Б. О. та О. Г. Козінцевих. Наукова новизна. Вперше досліджено череп жінки із поховання 12 у с. Медвин Богуславського району Київської обл., датований VII–VI ст. до н. е. Висновки. Загалом після залучення всього масиву жіночих поховань як степової, так і лісостепової Скіфії (71 череп) з території сучасної України, на черепах із котрих збереглося 12 краніометричних ознак та один індекс за Р. Мартіним (1, 8, 20, 9, 45, 48, 55, 54, 51, 52, 77, zm, SS:SC), виявлено неоднорідність жінок скіфської культури з лісостепу України. Досліджуваний череп жінки 30–40 р. із поховання 12 у с. Медвин Богуславського району Київської обл., датований VII–VI ст. до н. е., за своєю морфологією потрапляє до третього, мезокранного, широколицього краніологічного варіанта з дуже низьким склепінням, який після канонічного та кластерного аналізів виявляє подібність до жіночої мезокранної серії катакомбної культури з території України, а також мезокранної, широколицьої вибірки скіфської культури зі Східного Криму – Фронтове-І, які археологи датують V–IV ст. до н. е. Східний напрям зв’язку незначний і проявляється подібністю четвертого, мезокранного (або суббрахікранного) краніологічного варіанта з високим склепінням до сарматських поховань, що датуються III–І ст. до н. е. Методом аналізу головних компонент і канонічним багатовимірним аналізом не виявлено морфологічних розбіжностей між степовими та лісостеповими жіночими черепами.
Соціальний капітал вінничан у формуванні приватного житлового фонду Вінниці доби непу
Authors: Кароєва Тетяна 
Published: July 2022

Мета роботи. На основі загальної характеристики приватного житлового фонду Вінниці доби непу дати відповідь на питання: «Що відбувалося із соціальним капіталом вінницької громади в нових радянських суспільно-політичних умовах?». Методологія. Теоретичною основою статті є погляди Дж. Коулмена на соціальний капітал як результат вільної та раціональної діяльності індивідів для досягнення власної вигоди. Наукова новизна. Охарактеризовано приватний житловий фонд Вінниці доби непу, що складався з денаціоналізованої та новозбудованої частин. Розглянуто ступінь оприявнення соціального капіталу вінницької громади на прикладі формування приватного житлового фонду міста. Висновки. За доби непу вінницькі практики вирішення житлової кризи підтвердили активність соціального капіталу міської громади, попри зміни суспільно-політичного ладу. Необхідність вирішувати життєво важливу проблему всіх пересічних вінничан привела до консенсусу між владою та громадою. У місті досить швидко та раціонально пройшла денаціоналізація житлового фонду, влада виділила значну кількість земельних ділянок для приватного будівництва, а забудовники емпірично визначили критично можливу межу розмірів індивідуальної забудови, щоб уникнути 10 % натурального житлового податку. Приблизно 80 % міських житлових приміщень доби непу можна прив’язати до приватних ініціатив (разом із приблизно десятком кооперативних будинків). На відміну від лівобережних та південних промислових міст України, де розвивалося активне державне та відомче будівництво, вінничани могли розраховувати лише на себе. Вони продовжували підтримувати міцні горизонтальні соціальні зв’язки, що підтверджується числом успішних рішень про денаціоналізацію житла, практиками виживання «колишніх» і «позбавленців», які ніби розчинялися в приватному секторі від пильності влади, а також будівництвом за допомогою толоки.
LARANGAN PERKAWINAN SESUKU DALAM BUDAYA MINANGKABAU DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KONSELING BUDAYA
Authors: Yustim Yustim , Nelisma Yuliana , Silvianetri Silvianetri , Mazida Yukafi 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAK Dalam budaya Minangkabau, perkawinan satu suku merupakan perkawinan yang dilarang. Bagi pelakunya akan diberikan sanksi adat yang cukup berat yaitu dikucilkan dari keluarga besar, masyarakat serta dibuang sepanjang adat. Garis keturunan baik suami, isteri maupun anak tidak boleh menggunakan nama suku. Demikian juga dengan hak-hak adat yang lainnya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskritif analitis. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik kepustakaan. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah buku, jurnal ilmiah, dokumen, majalah, peraturan perundang-undangan dan hasil-hasil penelitian relevan yang diakses melalui perpustakaan maupun melalui open journal search sistem via internet. Kata-kata Kunci: Perkawinan Sesuku, Budaya Minangkabau, Konseling Budaya PROHIBITION OF ETHIC MARRIAGE IN MINANGKABAU CULTURE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON CULTURAL COUNSELING ABSTRACT In Minangkabau culture, marriage of one tribe is a prohibited marriage. The perpetrators will be given a fairly heavy customary sanction, namely being ostracized from their extended family, community and expelled as long as they are customary. The lineage of both husband, wife and children may not use tribal names. Likewise with other customary rights. This type of research is descriptive analytical. Data collection techniques in this study using library techniques. Sources of data in this study are books, scientific journals, documents, magazines, laws and regulations and relevant research results which are accessed through libraries and through open journal search systems via the internet. Keywords: Ethnic Marriage, Minangkabau Culture, Cultural Counseling
PERAN STAF ADMINISTRASI DALAM PENDATAAN HASIL PRODUKSI di PT RYU EI KOGYO KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Sugiyarto Sugiyarto , Nola Tania Katrian 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAK Setiap akhir tahun perusahaan melakukan stock opname terhadap barang jadi yang ada digudang dan area produksi. Semua data hasil stock opname ini akan digunakan sebagai laporan persediaan barang jadi akhir tahun. Untuk meminimalisasi kesalahan dalam pedataan hasil produksi, di butuhkan seorang staf admintrasi yang teliti dan bertanggung jawab terhadap pekerjaannya.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran staf administrasi dalam melakukan pendataan hasil produksi dan kendala yang di hadapi dalam menjalankan pekerjaan. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa staf admintrasri telah melakukan pendataan hasil produksi berdasarkan perencanaan produksi yang dibuat oleh Production Planning Inventory Control (PPIC). Selain data perencanaan staf adminitrasi membandingkan dan mengacu pada hasil produksi sebagai data yang akan diinput kedalam system inventory. Jika terjadi selisih maka manager produk melalui PPIC akan membuat kekurangan dan dilaporkan dalam secara berkala.Adapun hambatan yang dihadapi staff administrasi selama ini bahwa hasil produksi tidak sesuai dengan perencanaan. , sehingga banyak pesanan yang tidak bisa di kirim tepat waktu. Kata Kunci; Administrasi, Produksi THE ROLE OF ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF IN COLLECTING PRODUCTION RESULTS at PT RYU EI KOGYO, TANGERANG CITY ABSTRACK At the end of each year, the company conducts stock taking of finished goods in the warehouse and production area. All data from stock taking results will be used as a year-end finished goods inventory report. To minimize errors in data collection of production results, an administrative staff is needed who is thorough and responsible for his work. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of administrative staff in collecting data on production results and the obstacles they faced in carrying out their work From the results of the research, it is known that the administrative staff has collected data on production results based on the production planning made by the Production Planning Inventory Control (PPIC). In addition to planning data, administrative staff compare and refer to production results as data that will be inputted into the inventory system. If there is a difference, the product manager through PPIC will make a shortage and report it on a regular basis The obstacles faced by the administrative staff so far are that the production results are not in accordance with the plan. , so many orders can’t be sent on time. Keywords; Administration, Production
PENGARUH DARI DEGREE OPERATING LEVERAGE TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN PEMBAGIAN DIVIDEN PT. ASTRA INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Surahman Arif , Rusnaeni Nani , Mas'adi Mahnun 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAKAliran modal besar yang terjadi kepada suatu saham merupakan akibat dari investor-investor bermodal besar yang membeli sebuah saham dalam jumlah yang banyak. Investor-investor pemodal besar biasanya mengincar dividen perusahaan yang dibagikan oleh emiten yang menerbitkan saham dipasar modal. Oleh karena itu, informasi yang berkaitan dengan bagaimana pertimbangan sebuah perusahaan memutuskan untuk membagikan devidennya dapat merupakan sebuah informasi berharga bagi investor ritel. Karena hal ini memungkinkan mereka untuk mengambil keuntungan dari selisih harga yang bisa terjadi disaat investor yang bermodal besar menanamkan dana nya di tanggal-tanggal yang mendekati tanggal kum dividen emiten saham. Penelitian pada artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh Degree Operating Leverage terhadap banyaknya Deviden yang dibagikan oleh perusahaan Astra Internasional. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan regresi linier sederhana. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa DOL berpengaruh secara signifikan pada tingkat kepercayaan atau nilai alfa 5%. Oleh karena itu, dengan informasi ini para investor ritel dapat memperhatikan potensi kenaikan operasional perusahaan untuk mengantisipasi lonjakan kenaikan harga sebagai akibat dari aliran dana besar dari para pemodal besar di pasar modal. Kata Kunci: Dividen, Investor, Harga, DOL, Lonjakan THE EFFECT OF DEGREE OPERATING LEVERAGE ON DIVIDEND DISTRIBUTION POLICY PT. ASTRA INTERNATIONAL ABSTRACT Big capital inflow which happens to a certain stocks is caused by investors that have lot's of money that is buying a stock in a big amount. Large capital investors usually aiming for devidends that is distributed by companies which is listed in the capital market. Because of that, information related to how much does the company decide to distribute their devidends are a very valuable insights to the retail investors. Because this kind of information will enable them to take profits out of the spread of stock price that can happend in time when big capital investor is putting their resource in which date nearing the cum devidend dates. The research on this article is enquiring how much does Degree Operating Leverage can influenced the amount of devidends distributed by the Astra International company. The method that is being used are simple linear regression. The results from this research show that Degree Operating Leverage has a significant influence within the 5% confidence interval. Because of that, with this information retail investors can pay attention to the potential increase in operational activities that can cause a price surge that came from big capital inflow from investors that have a large amout of money invested in the stock market. Keyword : Devidend, Investor, Price, DOL, Surge.
PEMBAGIAN HARTA WARISAN UNTUK ANAK PEREMPUAN TUNGGAL DALAM ADAT BATAK TOBA
Authors: Tua Siahaan Edwin Marganda , Nadeak Abdi Pertiwi 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAK
Di dalam Suku Batak Toba, martabat pria lebih tinggi daripada perempuan, karena adat Batak Toba Menganut sistem patrilineal (garis keturunan pihak ayah). Dari garis keturunan ayah tadi dikenal gerombolan hubungan yang dianggap marga. Marga adalah suatu bentuk gerombolan yang turun-temurun mulai menurut 1 (satu) kakek yang terikat menggunakan pertalian darah. Di warga Batak Toba misalnya halnya pada tanah Batak dalam biasanya anak wanita bukanlah pakar waris, namun mereka selama hidupnya (belum kawin) berhak menggunakan dan menikmati harta orangtuanya pada batas kebutuhan penghidupannya. Bahkan, janda bukan adalah pakar waris menurut suami namun adalah penghubung atau jembatan pewarisan menurut ayah pada anak-anaknya yang lelaki. Dan untuk anak perempuan tunggal di dalam suatu keluarga, ia akan mendapatkan sepenuhnya harta kedua orang tuanya.
Kata Kunci : Patrilineal, Warisan, Tunggal, Hukum, Dalihan Na Tolu

ABSTRACT
In the Toba Batak, the position of men is higher than women, because the Toba Batak tradition adheres to a patrilineal system (father's lineage). From the father's lineage, there are known groups of relationships that are considered clans. Marga is a form of gang that is passed down from generation to generation according to 1 (one) grandfather who is bound by blood ties. In the Toba Batak people, for example, in the inner Batak lands, usually girls are not heirs, but during their lifetime (unmarried) they have the right to use and enjoy their parents' property within the limits of their livelihood needs. In fact, the widow is not an heir according to her husband but is a liaison or bridge of inheritance according to the father to his male children. And for an only daughter in a family, she will get the full property of her parents.Keywords : Patrilineal, Inheritance, Single, Law, Daliham Ni Tolu