bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement in bladder volume reproducibility using A‐mode portable ultrasound bladder scanner in moderate‐hypofractionated volumetric modulated arc therapy for prostate cancer patients
Authors: Ohira Shingo , Komiyama Riho , Kanayama Naoyuki , Sakai Kayo , Hirata Takero , Yoshikata Kento , Ueda Yoshihiro , Miyazaki Masayoshi , Nakayama Masashi , Koizumi Masahiko , Konishi Koji 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study introduced an A‐mode portable ultrasound bladder scanner, the Lilium® α‐200 (here after Lilium; Lilium Otsuka, Kanagawa, Japan), for the treatment of prostate cancer patients with hypofractionated volumetric modulated arc therapy to improve the reproducibility of bladder volume (BV).Materials and methodsThirty patients were advised to maintain full BV prior to computed tomography (CT) simulation and daily treatment. Among these, the BV of 15 patients was measured using Lilium until a BV of 80% in the simulation was achieved (with the Lilium group). Daily cone‐beam CT (CBCT) was performed for treatment. The correlation between BV measured by CBCT and Lilium was assessed. The differences in the BV and dosimetric parameters of the bladder in the CBCT versus planning CT were compared between the groups with and without Lilium.ResultsThere was a significantly strong relationship (r = 0.796, p < 0.05) between the BVs measured using CBCT and Lilium. The relative BV ratios to simulation CT < 0.5 and > 2 were observed in 10.3% and 12.7%, respectively, of treatment sessions without Lilium group, while these ratios were 1% and 2.8%, respectively, in the Lilium group. The mean absolute difference in the range of V30Gy to V40Gy without Lilium sessions was significantly larger (p < 0.05) than that in the Lilium group.ConclusionThe use of the A‐mode portable ultrasound bladder scanner significantly improved the reproducibility of the BV, resulting in few variations in the dosimetric parameters for the bladder.
Machine‐Assisted Discovery of Chondroitinase ABC Complexes toward Sustained Neural Regeneration
Authors: Kosuri Shashank , Borca Carlos H. , Mugnier Heloise , Tamasi Matthew , Patel Roshan A. , Perez Isabel , Kumar Suneel , Finkel Zachary , Schloss Rene , Cai Li , Yarmush Martin L. , Webb Michael A. , Gormley Adam J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAmong the many molecules that contribute to glial scarring, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are known to be potent inhibitors of neuronal regeneration. Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC), a bacterial lyase, degrades the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chains of CSPGs and promotes tissue regeneration. However, ChABC is thermally unstable and loses all activity within a few hours at 37 °C under dilute conditions. To overcome this limitation, the discovery of a diverse set of tailor‐made random copolymers that complex and stabilize ChABC at physiological temperature is reported. The copolymer designs, which are based on chain length and composition of the copolymers, are identified using an active machine learning paradigm, which involves iterative copolymer synthesis, testing for ChABC thermostability upon copolymer complexation, Gaussian process regression modeling, and Bayesian optimization. Copolymers are synthesized by automated PET‐RAFT and thermostability of ChABC is assessed by retained enzyme activity (REA) after 24 h at 37 °C. Significant improvements in REA in three iterations of active learning are demonstrated while identifying exceptionally high‐performing copolymers. Most remarkably, one designed copolymer promotes residual ChABC activity near 30%, even after one week and notably outperforms other common stabilization methods for ChABC. Together, these results highlight a promising pathway toward sustained tissue regeneration.
Plasmonic Active “Hot Spots”‐Confined Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction with High Selectivity for CH4 Production
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyi , Huang Jindou , Bi Zhenhua , Ni Wenjun , Gurzadyan Gagik , Zhu Yongan , Zhang Zhenyi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPlasmonic nanostructures have tremendous potential to be applied in photocatalytic CO2 reduction, since their localized surface plasmon resonance can collect low‐energy‐photons to derive energetic “hot electrons” for reducing the CO2 activation‐barrier. However, the hot electron‐driven CO2 reduction is usually limited by poor efficiency and low selectivity for producing kinetically unfavorable hydrocarbons. Here, a new idea of plasmonic active “hot spot”‐confined photocatalysis is proposed to overcome this drawback. W18O49 nanowires on the outer surface of Au nanoparticles‐embedded TiO2 electrospun nanofibers are assembled to obtain lots of Au/TiO2/W18O49 sandwich‐like substructures in the formed plasmonic heterostructure. The short distance (< 10 nm) between Au and adjacent W18O49 can induce an intense plasmon‐coupling to form the active “hot spots” in the substructures. These active “hot spots” are capable of not only gathering the incident light to enhance “hot electrons” generation and migration, but also capturing protons and CO through the dual‐hetero‐active‐sites (Au‐O‐Ti and W‐O‐Ti) at the Au/TiO2/W18O49 interface, as evidenced by systematic experiments and simulation analyses. Thus, during photocatalytic CO2 reduction at 43± 2 °C, these active “hot spots” enriched in the well‐designed Au/TiO2/W18O49 plasmonic heterostructure can synergistically confine the hot‐electron, proton, and CO intermediates for resulting in the CH4 and CO production‐rates at ≈35.55 and ≈2.57 µmol g−1 h−1, respectively, and the CH4‐product selectivity at ≈93.3%.
Vertically Aligned Graphene‐Analogous Low‐Dimensional Materials: A Review on Emerging Trends, Recent Developments, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Shinde Pratik V. , Samal Rutuparna , Rout Chandra Sekhar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract2D materials exhibit strong physical orientation‐dependent properties due to their intrinsic anisotropic crystallinity. Herein, the authors review the recent developments on the properties, preparation, and applications of emerging vertically aligned 2D materials. This report initially discusses the various properties of vertically aligned materials such as electronic, optical, magnetic, thermal, mechanical, and super wetting. The tuning of these properties is also highlighted based on strategies such as scale, doping, defect, vacancy, intercalation, and phase engineering. Then, this review provides a succinct and critical survey of the recent progress in designing, preparation techniques, and the manufacturing conditions of vertically aligned materials. After investigating the properties, tunability of properties, and preparation methods for vertically aligned 2D materials, their performances in numerous applications are comprehensively summarized. The presence of predominantly exposed edge sites significantly alters their properties and chemical reactivity owing to their enriched dangling bonds and offers several advantages for a wide range of applications including chemical and gas sensors, field emission, energy storage, catalysis, and optoelectronic devices. Finally, some developmental challenges, a few outlooks, future possibilities, and directions are summarized to inspire readers toward exploring vertically aligned 2D materials with new advances and functionalities.
Designing Multicolor Graphics of Plasmonic Metasurfaces through Gradual Protrusion of Particles at Free Interface
Authors: Kim Minjung , Kim Jong Bin , Lee Seung Yeol , Nam Seong Kyeong , Kim Shin‐Hyun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMetal nanostructures show plasmonic colors in the absence of pigments, which are promising for various optical applications. Colloidal lithography is one of the cost‐effective methods for a wide‐area production of plasmonic metasurfaces. However, it remains an important challenge to regioselectively control plasmonic property in a facile and reliable manner. Here, a novel strategy is reported to produce multicolor plasmonic graphics using the gradual protrusion of colloids at a water‐resin interface. Particles anchored at free interfaces slowly migrate toward the equilibrium position. Therefore, the degree of protrusion into the opposite phase is determined by the duration of aging. With this phenomenon, dimple arrays with controlled depths is produced by capturing the particles at the water‐resin interface through photopolymerization and removing the particles. Directional deposition of aluminum on the dimple arrays renders plasmonically colored surfaces, where the resonant wavelengths, or colors, vary with dimple depth. As the resin is regioselectively photocurable by ultraviolet irradiation through photomasks, plasmonic graphics can be produced. In addition, multi‐steps of regioselective photocuring with controlled durations of incubation produce multicolor graphics. The graphics show consistent plasmonic colors for specular reflection while displaying iridescent diffraction colors from hexagonal arrays of dimples for off‐specular conditions, enhancing the visibility of graphics.
Attaining policy integration through the integration of new policy instruments: The case of the Farm to Fork Strategy
Authors: Bazzan Giulia , Daugbjerg Carsten , Tosun Jale 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article departs from the assumption that the challenge of putting the Farm to Fork Strategy (F2F) into action stems from the broader challenge of attaining cross‐sectoral policy integration. Policy integration has been part of the EU's policy approach for a long time and has predominantly been achieved in the form of environmental policy integration (EPI). However, the scope of the F2F extends beyond EPI, as it includes the integration of climate‐related concerns into sectoral policies, for instance. Consequently, we contend that attaining policy integration in the case of the F2F is particularly challenging and calls for an innovative approach to policymaking.
Postzygotic mosaicism of a novel PTPN11 mutation in monozygotic twins discordant for metachondromatosis
Authors: Rydzanicz Małgorzata , Glinkowski Wojciech , Walczak Anna , Koppolu Agnieszka , Kostrzewa Grażyna , Gasperowicz Piotr , Pollak Agnieszka , Stawiński Piotr , Płoski Rafał 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGenetic mosaicism caused by postzygotic mutations is of a great interest due to its role in human disease. Monozygotic twins arising from a single zygote are considered as genetically identical, and any differences likely to be caused by postzygotic events. Thus, phenotypically discordant monozygotic twins offer a unique opportunity to study genotype–phenotype correlation. Here, we present a three‐generation family starting from a pair of monozygotic twins discordant for metachondromatosis due to postzygotic p.(Gln175His) variant in the PTPN11 gene. Both phenotypically discordant monozygotic twins harbor p.(Gln175His), however significant differences in mosaic ratio is observed not only between twins, but also within different tissue types within one individual. Phenotypic manifestation of p.(Gln175His) in examined family clearly depends on allele variant fraction (VAF). Individuals harboring constitutional mutation (VAF 50%) present typical metachondromatosis. Milder phenotype is observed in twin harboring high‐level mosaicism in the tissue of ectodermal origin (VAF 45%), but not in a blood (VAF 5%). Finally, her twin sister harboring low‐level mosaicism in blood (VAF 2%) and nonblood (VAF 12%) tissues is phenotypically normal. Our results provide insights into biological role of mosaicism in disease and further support the usefulness of nonblood tissues as an optimal source of DNA for the identification of postzygotic mutations in phenotypically discordant monozygotic twins.
Anti‐kooperative Selbstorganisation mit aufrechterhaltener Emission reguliert durch konformationelle und sterische Effekte
Authors: Helmers Ingo , Hossain Muhammad Saddam , Bäumer Nils , Wesarg Paul , Soberats Bartolome , Shimizu Linda S. , Fernández Gustavo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn diesem Artikel wird eine Strategie vorgestellt, um das Emissionsverhalten im aggregierten Zustand beizubehalten, indem eine antikooperative Selbstorganisation mit schwachen intermolekularen Farbstoffwechselwirkungen erzwungen wird. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, haben wir eine konformationsflexible Monomereinheit 1 mit einem 1,3‐substituierten (Diphenyl)harnstoff‐Wasserstoffbindungssynthon aufgebaut, das an zwei BODIPY‐Farbstoffe mit sterisch anspruchsvollen Trialkoxybenzolsubstituenten in der meso‐Position gebunden ist. Die Konkurrenz zwischen anziehenden Kräften (H‐Bindung und aromatische Wechselwirkungen) und destabilisierenden Effekten (sterische und konkurrierende Konformationseffekte) begrenzt die Assemblierung und stoppt das supramolekulare Wachstum auf der Stufe kleiner Oligomere. Angesichts der schwachen Farbstoff‐Farbstoff‐Wechselwirkungen werden die Emissionseigenschaften des molekular gelösten 1 durch die Aggregation nur unwesentlich beeinträchtigt. Unsere Ergebnisse tragen dazu bei, den Bereich der emissiven supramolekularen Assemblierungen und der kontrollierten supramolekularen Polymerisation zu erweitern.
Highly flame‐retardant and low toxic polybutylene succinate composites with functionalized BN@APP exfoliated by ball milling
Authors: Xu Xiaotong , Jiang Zhenlin , Zhu Keyu , Zhang Yun , Zhu Min , Wang Chaosheng , Wang Huaping , Ren Alex 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article describes the preparation of nitrogen‐phosphorus‐doped boron nitride (BN@APP) as a multifunctional nanofiller for flame‐retardant and thermal conductivity in polybutylene succinate (PBS). The BN@APP was obtained by a one‐step ball milling method. The improvement of thermal conductivity effectively reduces the generation of toxic smoke during PBS combustion. After incorporating 1.0 wt% BN@APP into the PBS, the thermal conductivity of the PBS composite is increased by 62.8%. The heat and toxic smoke are reduced significantly, the heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke rate of PBS composites were dramatically reduced by 28.2%, 23.5%, and 44.8%, respectively, compared to pure PBS. This research offers a prospective route to prepare highly flame‐retardant composites that have low‐toxicity and smoke.
Dispersion of flame‐retardant powdered phosphorylated kraft pulp fibers in polyester resin and their effect on the flammability of glass‐reinforced composites
Authors: Mouandhoime Zahahe Oulame , Lebrun Gilbert , Brouillette François 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMaterials used in many sectors like building or transportation must respect flame resistance standards. In this work, a dispersion of flame retardant phosphorylated kraft fibers (PKF), used in replacement of aluminum trihydroxide (ATH) in a polyester resin of a glass‐reinforced composite laminate, and their impact on the flame retardancy of the material was investigated. SEM and EDS images showed a regular and homogeneous distribution of PKF in the resin matrix. The addition of PKF in the resin has a significant impact on the flammability parameters of the composite. For the tested experimental conditions, powdered PKF can be dispersed into the resin at a maximum powder/resin ratio of 20 wt% to maintain a low enough viscosity of resin for molding and procure a significant weight reduction of the laminate. However, there seems to be several unprotected areas in the material, by either PKF or ATH, that could promote flame propagation and smoke emission. Complete coverage of laminate with PKF will need to be achieved for a complete substitution of ATH.
Mitochondrial genomes of 10 Mantidae species and their phylogenetic implications
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Wang Hui , Huang Huimin , Zhao Yizheng , Zhou Zhijun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article aims to present a phylogenetic evaluation of Mantidae based on a mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) data set. The mitogenome of 10 Mantidae species were sequenced using next‐generation sequencing. The length of nine the complete mitogenomes ranged from 15,371 bp in Tenodera aridifolia to 16,063 bp in Hierodula longa. Mantidae mitogenomes have 37 genes and control region with two exceptions: five trnR copies in Statilia maculata, and H. zhangi was incomplete missing trnI, trnQ, trnM and a portion of the control region. There was a large noncoding region (LNC) between trnM and nad2 in H. chinensis, H. longa, H. maculata and Titanodula sp. Most of protein‐coding genes (PCGs) used the typical start ATN codon and TAA/TAG stop codons. All tRNAs fold into the typical clover‐leaf secondary structure except trnS1 which lacks a dihydrouracil (DHU) arm. Nucleotide diversity and Ka/Ks analysis of 13 PCGs showed that atp8 had the highest variability and fastest evolutionary rate. Phylogenetic relationships among 42 Mantidae species were reconstructed using the 13 PCGs and two rRNA genes using Bayesian Inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods. Of the seven mantid subfamilies included in this analysis, only four had multiple exemplars, and of those only Mantinae and Vatinae formed monophyletic groups in BI and ML trees. Consistent with previous studies, the monophyly of the Hierudulinae and Tenoderinae were not been supported. The present results imply that it is necessary to combine nuclear molecular markers and external characteristic to understand the phylogenetic relationships within Mantidae.
Fostering uncertainty tolerance in anatomy education: Lessons learned from how humanities, arts and social science (HASS) educators develop learners' uncertainty tolerance
Authors: Lazarus Michelle D. , Gouda‐Vossos Amany , Ziebell Angela , Brand Gabrielle 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUncertainty tolerance, individuals' perceptions/responses to uncertain stimuli, is increasingly recognized as critical to effective healthcare practice. While the Covid‐19 pandemic generated collective uncertainty, healthcare‐related uncertainty is omnipresent. Correspondingly, there is increasing focus on uncertainty tolerance as a health professional graduate “competency,” and a concomitant interest in identifying pedagogy fostering learners' uncertainty tolerance. Despite these calls, practical guidelines for educators are lacking. There is some initial evidence that anatomy education can foster medical students' uncertainty tolerance (e.g., anatomical variation and dissection novelty), however, there remains a knowledge gap regarding robust curriculum‐wide uncertainty tolerance teaching strategies. Drawing upon humanities, arts and social sciences (HASS) educators' established uncertainty tolerance pedagogies, this study sought to learn from HASS academics' experiences with, and teaching practices related to, uncertainty pedagogy using a qualitative, exploratory study design. Framework analysis was undertaken using an abductive approach, wherein researchers oscillate between inductive and deductive coding (comparing to the uncertainty tolerance conceptual model). During this analysis, the authors analyzed ~386 min of data from purposively sampled HASS academics' (n = 14) discussions to address the following research questions: (1) What teaching practices do HASS academics' perceive as impacting learners' uncertainty tolerance, and (2) How do HASS academics execute these teaching practices? The results extend current understanding of the moderating effects of education on uncertainty tolerance and supports prior findings that the anatomy learning environment is ripe for supporting learner uncertainty tolerance development. This study adds to growing literature on the powerful moderating effect education has on uncertainty tolerance and proposes translation of HASS uncertainty tolerance teaching practices to enhance anatomy education.
Influence of pipeline transit and environment on groundwater recharge for potable reuse
Authors: Pham Christine , Medina Ricardo , Plumlee Megan H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA soil column study was conducted at an advanced water purification and groundwater recharge facility to evaluate potential causes of observed percolation rate decline during recharge for potable reuse. To measure the influence of pipeline transit and the environment on water quality and clogging potential of the purified water, columns were fed with (1) finished product water, (2) the same water after pipeline conveyance collected from the end of the pipe just before groundwater recharge, and (3) water from the basin (surface water pond) after environmental exposure to factors such as sunlight, algae, wildlife, wind‐blown dust, and sidewall erosion. Column performance results showed that percolation decline occurred at different rates across the three source waters, indicating that clogging potential increases significantly from the water's transit through the pipeline and further increases after exposure to the basin environment. The results offer insights for optimizing managed aquifer recharge operations utilizing advanced treated recycled water.
Unlocking the Electrochemistry and the Activation Mechanism in the Iron‐Rich Na0.6Fe1.2PO4 Phase for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Liu Xuelian , Wang Jiande , Du Mengyuan , Zhu Qi , Robeyns Koen , Zhang Xiaozhe , Kumar Varun , Gohy Jean‐François , Garcia Yann , Vlad Alexandru 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries are considered as the immediate sustainable alternative to lithium‐ion systems. To reduce the competitiveness gap, improved performances and better understanding of sodium storage, especially of new phases based on sustainable materials, are further required. In this work, we provide advanced investigation of the structure and the electrochemistry of a peculiar off‐stoichiometric iron‐rich phase (Na0.6Fe1.2PO4) for sodium storage. An interesting electrochemical activation phenomenon is described and contrary to conventional ageing processes it is found to significantly enhance the energy and power rate performances.
CUBE im bauaufsichtlichen Kontext
Authors: Gettel Marco 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag stellt dar, auf welche Weise die Anforderungen des materiellen Bauordnungsrechtes beim Bauvorhaben CUBE erfüllt wurden. Er gibt damit zugleich einen Überblick über aktuell bei der Anwendung nichtmetallischer Bewehrung relevante bauaufsichtliche Instrumente und schließt mit einem Ausblick auf die mittelfristig zu erwartende Regelungslage.