bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duration of fungicide activity against wheat powdery mildew
Authors: Koleva Magdalena , Stanoeva Yordanka , Ivanova Albena , Chamurliyski Plamen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The most commonly used method to control wheat powdery mildew is by fungicides. The aim of the present study is to determine the duration of the fungicide activity of three fungicides: azoxystrobin; triadimenol; tebuconazole+spiroxamine+triadimenol. They were applied in three concentrations in phenophase 3-4 leaf of susceptible wheat variety. After treatment, each day one pot of the tested fungicide concentrations was inoculated with Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici. When using azoxystrobin at concentrations of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%, symptoms of powdery mildew appeared on plants inoculated with Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici in the next day after treatment. When using triadimenol, first symptoms appeared in plants inoculated with the pathogen on the next day after applying a concentration 0.12%, on the second day after applying a concentration 0.25% and on the third day after treatment with a concentration 0.5%. With tebuconazole+spiroxamine+triadimenol, first postules appeared on plants inoculated with Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici on the third day after treatment with a concentration 0.15%, on the 13th day after treatment with a concentration 0.3% and on the 14th day after treatment with a concentration 0.6%. This fungicide at a concentration of 0.6% (13 days) and 0.3% (12 days) has the longest duration of fungicide activity.
Hubungan pemberian ASI eksklusif terhadap perkembangan kognitif bayi usia 3-24 bulan di Puskesmas Grogol Petamburan Jakarta Barat tahun 2019
Authors: Kalew Priska Amanda , Pambudi Wiyarni 
Published: December 2022

Perkembangan kognitif anak salah satunya dapat ditunjang dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif. ASI mengandung asam lemak Arachidonic acid (AA) dan Docosehaxaenoic acid (DHA) yang dibutuhkan untuk perkembangan otak. Tujuan studi ini untuk mengetahui gambaran perkembangan kognitif pada bayi usia 3-24 bulan di Puskesmas Grogol Petamburan Jakarta Barat yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif dan yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif serta mengetahui hubungan anatara pemberian ASI eksklusif terhadap perkembangan kognitif pada bayi usia 3-24 bulan. Studi analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional ini dilakukan pada 109 nayi usia 3-24 bulan yang dipilih dengan teknik non probability sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara berdasarkan kuesioner dan formulir Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) yang berisi pertanyaan mengenai identitas pasien, riwayat pemberian ASI eksklusif, interaksi ibu dan anak serta pertanyaan seputar perkembangan anak dalam aspek bahasa, sosial kemandirian, motorik halus dan motorik kasar. Dari 109 responden terdapat 70 anak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif dan 39 anak tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif. Hasil studi mendapatkan 12,8% anak yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif memiliki perkembanghan kognitif abnormal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan bermakna antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan perkembangan kognitif anak dengan nilai p= 0,110 pada uji Fisher’s Exact Test dan rasio prevalens 3,824 yang berarti responden yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif memiliki prevalensi 3,824 kali lebih tinggi untuk mengalami perkembangan kognitif yang abnormal dibandingkan yang mendapat ASI eksklusif. Kesimpulan dari studi ini adalah pemberian ASI eksklusif tidak bermakna secara statistik tetapi bermakna secara epidemiologi dalam mempengaruhi perkembangan kognitif anak usia 3-24 bulan di Puskesmas Grogol Petamburan Kota Jakarta Barat.
Synthesis of new thioester derivative of aspirin and study its effect on some biochemical parameters in blood serum of rabbits
Authors: Zaid Abdalkader Dawood  , Firas Shawqi Algburi  , Nazar Ahmad Naji1  
Published: December 2022

This presented work was included synthesis of new thioester derivatives by reaction of Aspirin (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) (NSAIDs) and Captopril as a carrier which is used as an antihypertensive drug and an inhibitor for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Aspirin was converted into acid chloride of aspirin then reacted with SH group of captopril to afforded of 1-(3-((2-acetoxybenzoyl)thio)-2-methylpropanoyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid and characterized by FT-IR and 1HNMR spectroscopy. The effect of synthesized compound was studied on some biochemical parameters in the blood serum of rabbits. Results of this study indicated: significant increase in the level of total fucose, total protein and globulin. Non- significant increase in the level of albumin, creatinine, glutathione and uric acid, significant decrease in level of Triglycerides and non-significant decrease in the level of Cholesterol, and malondialdehyde.
Three Term Conjugate Gradient Technique and its Global Convergence based on the Zhang, Zhou and Li methods
Authors: Marwan S. Jameel  
Published: December 2022

The optimal conjugation coefficient distinguishes conjugate gradient methods such as two-term, three-term, and conditional from other descent methods. A novel conjugation parameter formula is constructed from Zhang, Zhou, and Li's well-known formula to formulate a three-term conjugation gradient method in the unconstrained optimization domain. The conjugation parameter and the third term parameter were constructed by incorporating the Perry conjugation condition into Shanno's memory-free strategy of a conjugate gradient. The approach demonstrated a steeply sloped search direction for each iteration by demonstrating stability, global convergence, and sufficient descent analysis in the presence of a strong Wolf case. The empirical results established that the proposed method is more efficient than Zhang et al.'s techniques. Through the use of a collection of nonlinear mathematical functions.
Migrasi Database Mysql Ke Postgresql Pada Aplikasi Sistem Evaluasi Dosen Oleh Mahasiswa (EDOM) Jurusan Ekonomi Dan Bisnis
Authors: Irfan Lutfi Muhammad , Asrowardi Imam , Supriyatna Agiska Ria 
Published: December 2022

Pelaksanaan Pengisian Evaluasi Dosen Oleh Mahasiswa (EDOM) yang dilakukan setiap akhir semester ketika kegiatan Ujian Akhir Semester (UAS), telah dikembangkan menjadi sistem informasi terkomputerisasi secara online menggunakan database MySQL. Seiring bertambahnya jumlah data pada Sistem informasi EDOM, dibutuhkan penyimpanan data yang memiliki kompleksitas yang tinggi, sehingga dari sisi database harus memiliki kinerja yang tinggi pula dan bisa menangani jumlah data yang besar. Untuk kebutuhan pada sistem informasi EDOM, MySQL sudah tidak mampu memberikan performa terbaiknya dalam menangani jumlah data yang besar, sehingga diperlukan database yang memiliki kinerja lebih baik lagi. Tujuan dari tugas akhir ini adalah Memigrasikan Database MySQL ke PostgreSQL pada Sistem Aplikasi (Evaluasi Dosen Oleh Mahasiswa) EDOM Jurusan Ekonomi dan Bisnis, agar mengatasi masalah pada database MySQL yang sudah tidak mampu memberikan performa terbaiknya dalam menangani jumlah data yang besar. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah metode SDLC. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang dilakukan dengan cara menguji kinerja query pada kedua dbms, PostgreSQL mempunyai performa yang stabil dibandingkan dengan MySQL, pada jumlah data yang sama MySQL unggul pada update dan select biasa tanpa klausa tambahan. Sementara itu PostgreSQL lebih unggul pada create, delete data dan klausa join yang kompleks. Pengujian selanjutnya dilakukan pada Aplikasi menggukan function php yaitu microtime dengan menulis script pada awal body dan sebelum tutup body halaman html pada aplikasi yang meggunakan dbms MySQL dan PostgreSQL, dilakukan guna menguji kecepatan dalam memuat data dalam aplikasi sistem EDOM, hasilnya penggunaan dbms PostgreSQL lebih cepat dalam memuat data, karena data disajikan menggunakan klausa join yang kompleks, hal ini dikarenakan PostgreSQL mendukung locking di level yang lebih rendah, yaitu row sehingga menjadi menjadi salah satu keuntungan dalam dilakukannya migrasi database karena proses bisnis pada Aplikasi Sistem EDOM yang dilakukan menjadi lebih efektif.
The Role of Technological Transformation in Supporting Research in Higher Education at the University of Syekh-Yusuf Tangerang
Authors: Andi Yustira Lestari Wahab  , Andri Kurniawan  , Yeni Daniarti  , Diah Retno Anggraini  , Marrieta Moddies Swara  
Published: December 2022

Teaching in higher education is generally carried out by involving a series of methods and technologies for learning and research activities. Many studies have been conducted to examine and evaluate the role of technology and the achievement of learning outcomes in higher education. The article analyzed how the role of technological transformation with all its applications has supported research-based learning activities at Sheikh Yusuf University Tangerang. The method used descriptive qualitative design, and the literature review supports us. Through semi-structured interviews, the researchers obtained many data, then analyzed with a phenomenological approach. The researchers examined the data from interviews. Based on the analysis academic interview data, it can be concluded that the results, including understanding the role of technological transformation with several applications that support research-based learning activities at the higher education level, have been carried out well at Sheikh Yusuf University, Tangerang. Thus, it is hoped that these brief findings can be used as supporting data for similar research in the future.
Keywords: Role Technological Transformation, Supporting Research, Technological Transformation
Diff-Quik: A reliable stain for rapid onsite evaluation and differentiation of round cells in semen
Authors: Muniraj Femela 
Published: December 2022

Objectives:
Identification of immature germ cells and leukocytes and their differentiation pose difficulty in interpretation. In this study, Diff-Quik (DQ) and Papanicolaou (Pap) are used to differentiate between these two, as they are recommended by the WHO, cost-effective and are easy to use.

Materials and Methods:
This study attempts to differentiate between immature germ cells and leukocytes in semen; compare the usefulness of two stains –Pap and DQ; evaluate the possible associations between the total sperm count and the round cell count; the total sperm count and the presence of round cells and inflammatory cells; the occupation and the sperm concentration; and the occupation and the round cell count.

Results:
A total of 60 semen samples were included in the study. Two smears were made for each patient; DQ stain was used to stain the air-dried smears and Pap stain for alcohol-fixed smears. The whole procedure of DQ staining takes only 30 s. The smears were compared. There was good concordance between DQ and Pap stains in the detection of inflammatory cells and immature germ cells (P = 0.000). There was no association between total sperm count and round cell count (r = −0.086 and P = 0.520); and between the occupation and the sperm concentration or the round cell count.

Conclusion:
There was an inverse relationship between total sperm count and presence of immature germ cells (r = −0.291). There was no association between round cell count and presence of immature germ cells (r = 0.148 and P = 0.269), total sperm count and presence of inflammatory cells, round cell count, and presence of inflammatory cells. DQ stain is easy to use, convenient, and rapid. There is good concordance between DQ and Pap stains in the detection of inflammatory cells and immature germ cells. Total sperm count is independent of the round cell count or the presence of inflammatory cells/immature germ cells. In most of the cases, the round cells were the inflammatory cells. Morphological interpretation can be done even in non-liquefied samples.
Karakteristik Kayu Jelutung (<i>Dyera costulata</i>) dari Hutan Tanaman Rakyat di Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Istikowati Wiwin Tyas , Sutiya Budi , Sunardi Sunardi , Itta Daniel , Pasaribu Dahlia Nuraini , Kristy Lisa Andriana 
Published: December 2022

Kayu jelutung (<i>Dyera costulata</i>) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman endemik di Kalimantan yang mulai langka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis karakteristik pertumbuhan kayu jelutung yang dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat di Kalimantan Tengah di lahan gambut. Pengolahan lahan dengan tanpa bakar menjadikan hutan tanaman rakyat (HTR) ini ramah lingkungan. Sebanyak 38 pohon jelutung dari 1 blok HTR diukur diameter dan tinggi pohonnya, selanjutnya dikelompokkan dalam kategori pertumbuhan cepat, sedang, dan lambat. Dari masing-masing kelompok diambil 1 pohon yang memenuhi persyaratan. Sampel setebal 2 cm diambil dari ketinggian 1,3 m dari permukaan tanah dan setiap 2 meter ke arah ujung pohon untuk pengukuran kadar air (KA), berat jenis (BJ), anatomi kayu, nilai turunan serat, dan kandungan kimia kayu. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kayu jelutung memiliki BJ rendah dan serat pendek sehingga termasuk kelas 2 untuk pembuatan pulp dan kertas. Kandungan kimia kayu jelutung menunjukkan kandungan ektraktif larut alkohol benzena yang cukup rendah dan bisa digunakan sebagai bahan baku pulp dan kertas. Selain itu, kayu jelutung juga sesuai untuk digunakan sebagai bahan kayu lapis. Characteristics of Jelutong Wood ((<i>Dyera costulata</i>) from Community Forest in Central KalimantanAbstractJelutong wood (<i>Dyera costulata</i>) is one of the endemic tree species in Kalimantan which is starting to become scarce. This research aims to analyze the growth characteristics of jelutong wood planted by the community in peatland in Central Kalimantan. Land processing without burning makes this community plantation forest environmentally friendly. Thirty-eight trees of jelutong from one block were measured diameter and three height, end then categorized to fast, medium, and slow-growing. One tree from each category was harvested. Two centimeters of the disk were collected from each harvested trees from a 1.3 meter height and continued every 2 meters to the peak of trees to measure water content, specific gravity, anatomical properties, derived wood, and chemical content of jelutong wood. From the analyses, jelutong has low specific gravity and short fibers, categorized into class two for pulp and paper raw materials. Extractive content in alcohol benzene from jelutong wood was low that preferable for pulp and paper. On the other hand, jelutong wood is suitable for plywood raw materials.
Agreement Between Isokinetic Dynamometer and Hand-held Isometric Dynamometer as Measures to Detect Lower Limb Asymmetry in Muscle Torque After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ivarsson Angelica , Cronström Anna 
Published: December 2022

Background Two commonly used instruments to assess muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are the isokinetic dynamometer, which measures isokinetic torque and the hand-held dynamometer, which measures isometric torque. Isokinetic dynamometers are considered superior to other instruments but may not be commonly used in clinical settings. Hand-held dynamometers are small, portable, and more clinically applicable devices. Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess agreement between a hand-held dynamometer and an isokinetic dynamometer, used to assess lower limb symmetry in knee muscle torque one year after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Study design Cross-sectional measurement study Methods Seventy-two participants who had undergone ACL reconstruction (35 men, 37 women; age= 25.8 ± 5.4 years) were included. Isokinetic muscle torque in knee flexion and extension was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. Isometric flexion and extension knee muscle torque was measured with a hand-held dynamometer. Bland & Altman plots and Cohen’s Kappa coefficient were used to assess agreement between measurements obtained from the instruments. Result Bland & Altman plots showed wide limits of agreement between the instruments for both flexion and extension limb symmetry index. Cohen´s Kappa coefficient revealed a poor to slight agreement between the extension limb symmetry index values (0.136) and a fair agreement for flexion limb symmetry index values (0.236). Cross-tabulations showed that the hand-held dynamometer detected a significantly larger number of participants with abnormal flexion torque limb symmetry index compared to the isokinetic dynamometer. Conclusion The wide limits of agreements and Cohen’s Kappa coefficients values revealed insufficient agreement between the measurements taken with the two instruments, indicating that the instruments should not be used interchangeably. The hand-held dynamometer was more sensitive in detecting abnormal limb symmetry index in flexion torque, which promotes the option of use of hand-held dynamometers to detect differences between the injured and uninjured leg after ACL reconstruction. Level of evidence 3b
Glenohumeral Instability and Arm Pain in Overhead Throwing Athletes: A Correlational Study
Authors: Wardell Max , Creighton Doug , Kovalcik Carter 
Published: December 2022

Background The overhead activity of throwing a baseball is arguably the most demanding athletic endeavor placed on the glenohumeral (GH) joint. Previous studies illustrate that 75-80% of baseball players will experience some degree of upper extremity (UE) pain. GH instability is thought to play a role. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between GH joint hypermobility and instability with measures of arm pain and performance in overhead throwing athletes. Methods Actively competing baseball pitchers were recruited and evaluated once with the anterior-posterior Load and Shift examination procedure, the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow Questionnaire (KJOC), and the Functional Arm Scale for Throwers (FAST). Multivariate analysis was performed to identify correlation between severe GH capsular laxity (GH instability), mild capsular laxity (GH hypermobility), no capsular laxity (GH normal), and presence of shoulder pain when pitching. Study Design Cross-sectional Study. Results Forty-five pitchers were evaluated, 62.2% of throwing shoulders were classified normal stability, 26.7% were classified hypermobile, and 11.1% were classified unstable. Average KJOC scores for pitchers with the three mobility categories were 66.1 (normal), 59.7 (hypermobile), and 45.0 (unstable). Average FAST scores among the pitchers were 19.9 (normal), 34.2 (hypermobile), and 32.2 (unstable). Pitchers with GH instability and GH hypermobility demonstrated increased arm pain compared to athletes with normal GH joints; KJOC scores of 3.2, 5.5, and 7.4 (p = 0.0007), respectively. Conclusion Pitchers with GH instability and hypermobility demonstrated significantly increased ratings of arm pain compared to pitchers with no capsular laxity. Level of Evidence 3b
Application of Shear-Wave Elastography in the Evaluation of Hamstring Stiffness in Young Basketball Athletes
Authors: Cummings Paige , Schilaty Nathan D. , Nagai Takashi , Rigamonti Luca , Ueno Ryo , Bates Nathaniel A. 
Published: December 2022

Background Previous literature has postulated a relationship between greater hamstring stiffness and a higher risk of sustaining injury. Shear wave elastography (SWE) presents a relatively new means for non-invasive evaluation of soft tissue elasticity pre- and post- injury or intervention. Purpose 1. (1) To establish baseline hamstring stiffness measures for young competitive athletes and (2) determine effect of targeted neuromuscular training (TNMT) on shear wave stiffness of the hamstring. Study Design Un-blinded, prospective, non-randomized, cohort study. Methods Six-hundred forty-two lower extremities from 321 high school and collegiate basketball athletes (177 F: 139 M) were examined for hamstring stiffness prior to the start of their competitive basketball season. Teams were cluster assigned to either the control or intervention (TNMT) group. Subjects in the control group underwent regular season activities as directed, with no influence from the research team. For the TNMT group, the research team introduced a hamstring targeted dynamic warm-up program as an intervention focused on activating the hamstring musculature. Results Collegiate status was significant to hamstring stiffness for both sexes (p ≤ 0.02), but hamstring stiffness did not correlate to age or sex (r2 ≤ 0.08). Intervention was a significant factor to hamstring stiffness when the hip was positioned in extension (p ≤ 0.01), but not in deeper flexion (p = 0.12). This effect was sex-specific as TNMT influenced hamstring stiffness in females (p = 0.03), but not in males (p ≥ 0.13). Control athletes suffered three HAM injuries; TNMT athletes suffered 0 hamstring injuries. Conclusion Higher SWE measurements correlated with increased risk of injury, male sex, and collegiate athletics. TNMT intervention can lessen muscle stiffness which may reduce relate to injury incidence. Intervention effectiveness may be sex specific. Level of Evidence II
Implementasi Disiplin Positif Oleh Orangtua Dalam Proses Pengasuhan Terhadap Anak
Authors: Sukamti Lilik , Widiastuti Ajeng Ayu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to determine how positive discipline is implemented in the parenting process for children and how parental attempts to discipline the parenting process. mainly because a lot of parents use violence as a form of punishment. This study's methodology employs a qualitative method with a phenomenological perspective. where the research approach is based on phenomena or occurrences that are currently taking place. In this study, observation, interviews, and documentation were used as data collection methods. Data gathering, data reduction, and conclusions are the methods of data analysis employed. According to the study's findings, some parents still punish their kids by physically or verbally abusing them. This is done to deter youngsters because, in the eyes of parents, discipline is about abiding by parental rules. According to the study's findings, there are a number of factors that affect how well parents discipline their children, including the type of parenting they use, how much time they spend with them, how well they communicate with them, and how well they understand discipline themselves. Therefore, it's crucial for parents to comprehend discipline.Keywords:communication, early childhood, parenting, positive disipline AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi disiplin positif dalam poses pengasuhan terhadap anak serta bagaimana upaya orangtua dalam mendisiplinkan pada proses pengasuhan. Karena banyaknya orangtua yangenggunakan kekerasan sebagai alasan pendisilpinan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Dimana penelitian yang diambil sesuai dengan fenomena atau peristiwa yang terjadi saat ini. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknikanalisia data yang digunakan yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data dan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masih ada orangtua yang menerapkan disiplin kepada anak meggunakan kekerasan baik itu fisik maupun verbal. Hal tersebut dilakukan untuk memberi efek jera kepada anak karena menurut orangtua disiplin itu adalah mengikuti aturan yang orangtua berikan. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan kesimpulan ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pendisiplinan terhadap anak diantaranya pola asuh yang diterapkan oleh orangtua, intensitas waktu orangtua bersama anak, komunikasi antara orangtua dan anak dan pemahaman orangtua terhadap disiplin. Maka dari itu pemahaman disiplin bagi orangtua sangatlah penting.Kata kunci : anak usia dini, pola asuh positif, komunikasi