bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomics Revealed That Mitochondrial Function Contributed to the Protective Effect of Herba Siegesbeckiae Against Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Wei Xiaohong , Wu Yuzhuo , Pan Haie , Zhang Qian , He Ke , Xia Guiyang , Xia Huan , Lin Sheng , Shang Hong-Cai 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMyocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is the main obstacle to percutaneous coronary intervention, lacking effective therapeutic measures in a clinical setting. Herba Siegesbeckiae (HS) is a traditional herb with multiple pharmacological activities and evidence of cardiovascular protection. However, few data are available regarding the role of HS in cardiac I/R. This study aimed to explore the effect and underlying mechanism of HS aqueous extract on cardiac I/R injury.Materials and MethodsHerba Siegesbeckiae aqueous extract was prepared and analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS. After intragastric administration of HS once daily for 7 days, male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 30 min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by 120 min reperfusion to elicit I/R. Various parameters like myocardial infarction and apoptosis, 12-lead ECG and hemodynamics, cardiac morphology and myocardial enzymes, quantitative proteomics, mitochondrial ultrastructure and electron transport chain (ETC) function, oxidative stress and antioxidation, and NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammation were evaluated.ResultsThe chemical constituents of HS aqueous extract were mainly divided into flavonoids, diterpenoids, and organic acids. In vivo, HS aqueous extract notably alleviated myocardial I/R injury, as evidenced by a reduction in infarct size, apoptotic cells, and cardiac lesion enzymes; decline of ST-segment elevation; improvement of cardiac function; and preservation of morphology. Quantitative proteomics demonstrated that HS reversed the alteration in the expression of Adgb, Cbr1, Decr1, Eif5, Uchl5, Lmo7, Bdh1, Ckmt2, COX7A, and RT1-CE1 after I/R. In addition, HS preserved myocardial ultrastructure and restored the function of mitochondrial ETC complexes following exposure to I/R; HS significantly suppressed I/R-elicited increase of ROS, RNS, MDA, and 8-OHdG, restrained the acetylation of MnSOD, and recovered the activity of MnSOD; and HS reversed I/R-induced elevation of NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibited the release of inflammatory factors and pyroptosis.ConclusionHerba Siegesbeckiae aqueous extract ameliorated cardiac I/R injury, which is associated with mitigating oxidative stress, suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome, and restoring mitochondrial function by regulating the expression of Adgb, Cbr1, Decr1, Eif5, Uchl5, Lmo7, Bdh1, Ckmt2, COX7A, and RT1-CE1.
Corrected Serum Ionized Calcium as a Risk Factor Related to Adult Dyslipidemia
Authors: Yun Ke , Zhang Shuang , Yang Xiaotao , Man Dongliang , Yao Jialiang , Wang Wei , Han Xiaoxu 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundDyslipidemia is a significant threat to global public health due to its pivotal role as a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Calcium is a critical nutritional element required for electrical signal transduction and muscle and heart function, and calcium supplementation is widespread in the general population. However, associations between serum calcium and serum lipid profiles remain conflicting. Considering ionized calcium [Ca(2+)] is the best measure of active serum calcium and the lack of Ca(2+) analyzers, we aimed to examine the independent and joint associations between serum ionized calcium corrected by albumin ([Ca2+]corr) and the known modifiable risk factors and dyslipidemia.MethodsWe collected physical examination records, including demographic, anthropometric, laboratory tests, and clinical characteristics from individuals who had health checkups in 2019 at the health examination center of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University. Subjects were categorized into Q1–Q4 groups using [Ca2+]corr quartiles, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dyslipidemia and associated components were calculated using logistic regression. We also performed non-linear and threshold effect analyses of [Ca2+]corr and triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) levels.FindingsOf 5,416 individuals aged 18–92 years, multivariable-adjusted models showed that ORs for dyslipidemia increased gradually with elevated [Ca2+]corr levels. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that [Ca2+]corr levels were associated with the increased odds of dyslipidemia (per 1 mmol/L increase: OR = 3.53, 95% CI: 1.56–8.00, P &lt; 0.001). When compared with individuals in the Q1 group, those in groups Q3 and Q4 had significantly higher dyslipidemia odds (ORQ3 vs. Q1 = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.01–1.42; ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.10–1.56, all P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, a linear, positive relationship between [Ca2+]corr levels and dyslipidemia odds was observed (P for non-linear trend = 0.506), and the optimal cut-off point of [Ca2+]corr for dyslipidemia management was 2.26 mmol/L. A modifiable effect of albumin on the relationship between [Ca2+]corr and dyslipidemia odds was also found (P for interaction = 0.014). High [Ca2+]corr levels were positively associated with elevated TC, LDL-C, and Non-HDL-C but inversely associated with decreased HDL-C odds. Moreover, Locally weighted regression (Loess) analyses showed a non-linear, positive relationship between [Ca2+]corr and TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and Non-HDL-C levels.InterpretationCorrected serum ionized calcium was positively associated with increased odds of dyslipidemia and elevated TC, LDL-C, and Non-HDL-C, but inversely associated with the odds of decreased HDL-C.
Recent Decadal Weakening of the Summertime Rainfall Interannual Variability Over Yellow-Huaihe River Valley Attributable to the Western Pacific Cooling
Authors: Lu Wei , Zhu Yimin , Ha Yao , Zhong Zhong , Hu Yijia 
Published: July 2022

This study focuses on the interdecadal transition of summer rainfall interannual variability over the Yellow-Huaihe River valley (YHRV). It is found that the interannual variability of summer rainfall over the YHRV becomes significantly weakened after the late 2000s. In the decade before the late 2000s (hereafter P1), the variance is 1.28 mm d−1 and the mean value of interannual variability is 1.49 mm d−1. In the decade after the late 2000s (P2), the variance is 0.35 mm d−1 and the mean value of interannual variability is 0.62 mm d−1. The variance and mean value of summer rainfall interannual variability have considerably decreased by 72.7% and 58.4% since the late 2000s, respectively. The reasons for the aforementioned interdecadal transition are explored. The results show that the interdecadal shift of the East Asian jet stream axis and the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) are two major factors leading to the interdecadal transition of summer rainfall interannual variability over the YHRV. The northward shift of the jet stream axis, which resembles the Pacific-Japan (PJ) pattern, suppresses the development of summer rainfall over the YHRV. The interannual oscillation of WPSH in P1 is more significant than that in P2, which is consistent with the weakened interannual variability of summer rainfall in P2. Further analysis reveals that the modulation factors responsible for the above changes are El Niño in its decaying phase in the equatorial central eastern Pacific and the warming in the Maritime continent and the western Pacific (WP) in P1. While in P2, the primary modulation factor is La Niña in its developing phase in the equatorial central eastern Pacific. As for the mechanism of the growth of summer rainfall in P1 positive years, the WP warm pool and El Niño in its decaying phase strengthen the Walker circulation in the tropical Pacific and induce Hadley circulation, whose ascending branch over the YHRV provides a favorable condition for the development of rainfall. At the same time, the northward propagation of Rossby waves in response to the above SSTA pattern suppresses convective activities over the Northwestern Pacific (NWP), which indirectly intensifies the WPSH. As a result, the PJ pattern is triggered and provides a favorable large-scale circulation condition for the growth of rainfall.
Insights Into the Template Effect on Nanostructured CuO Catalysts for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to CO
Authors: Ye Xiaodong , Jiang Yangyang , Chen Xi , Guo Benshuai , Mao Songbai , Guo Yafei , Zhao Chuanwen 
Published: July 2022

Electrochemical CO2reduction to CO using copper-based catalysts has been recognized a promising approach to realizing anthropologic carbon cycle. However, copper-based catalysts face the challenges of low reduction activity and poor selectivity in CO2reduction reaction. Tuning particle size and oxygen vacancy represents an efficient strategy for boosting their activity and selectivity. Herein, we reported the preparation of nanostructured CuO catalysts for selective electrochemical CO2reduction to CO. Several templates were employed in the template-assisted hydrothermal process to regulate the particle size and oxygen vacancy. Structure-property-activity relationships of the CuO nanostructures depend on the template effect. CuO-PVP and CuO-SDS synthesized using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as templates exhibited smaller particles sizes and higher concentrations of oxygen vacancy defects. Under the applied potential of −0.93 V vs. RHE, the desired CuO-PVP and CuO-SDS catalysts exhibited good CO2reduction activity with high electrochemical surface area normalized partial current density of 2.21 and 1.37 mA/cm2for CO production and outstanding CO selectivity with high faradaic efficiencies of 48.2 and 50.5%. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that oxygen vacancies in the CuO nanostructures not only promoted CO2adsorption and activation but facilitated CO desorption from the catalyst surface, and therefore boosted the activity and CO selectivity in CO2reduction. The results have deepened the understanding of the structure-property-activity relationships of CuO catalysts, and these will provide guidance for designing highly efficient and robust catalysts for electrochemical CO2reduction to CO.
Polyphosphate Accumulation Tracks Incremental P-Enrichment in a Temperate Watershed (Pennsylvania, United States) as an Indicator of Stream Ecosystem Legacy P
Authors: Taylor Shayna , Saia Sheila M. , Buda Anthony R. , Regan John M. , Walter M. Todd , Carrick Hunter J. 
Published: July 2022

Legacy phosphorus concentrations resulting from historic additions of phosphorus (P) to the landscape may impede rapid remediation of P pollution and achievement of water quality management goals. Herein, we hypothesized that the capacity of stream biofilms to assimilate new polyphosphate (polyP) will vary as a function of stream legacy phosphorus. To test this hypothesis, we deployed a series of in situ enrichment experiments at five sites of varying land cover in central Pennsylvania, United States. Incremental P-loading was delivered using vials fitted with porous lids, that contained agar enriched with six levels of P (as Dissolved inorganic phosphorus, dissolved inorganic P) loading with rates ranging from 0 to 1,540 µg PO4−3/day; these loading rates mimicked natural stream P loadings. Substrata were incubated at stream sites for a relatively short incubation period (12 days), to measure uptake rates; after which, biofilms growing on the lids were removed and their tissue content was analyzed for biomass (as chlorophyll) and various forms of particulate phosphorus. Polyphosphate (polyP) accumulated by stream biofilms at all sites closely tracked the release of dissolved inorganic P from experimental enrichment assays. Comparatively, biofilms accumulated relatively small amounts of Particulate inorganic phosphorus and other forms of organic P that we assume constitute a third group of P-rich biochemicals (e.g., DNA, RNA, lipids, proteins). Viewed at the watershed scale, land use appeared to affect P accumulation, where sites dominated by forest cover had a higher capacity for P storage, while sites dominated by agriculture did not; this underscores the importance of polyP storage as an indicator of legacy P pollution.
Influence of Microplastics on Microbial Structure, Function, and Mechanical Properties of Stream Periphyton
Authors: Merbt Stephanie N. , Kroll Alexandra , Tamminen Manu , Rühs Patrick A. , Wagner Bettina , Sgier Linn , Sembalova Olga , Abel Bernd , Tlili Ahmed , Schirmer Kristin , Behra Renata 
Published: July 2022

Periphyton is a freshwater biofilm composed of prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities that occupy rocks and sediments, forming the base of the food web and playing a key role in nutrient cycling. Given the large surface that periphyton comprises, it may also act as a sink for a diverse range of man-made pollutants, including microplastics (MP). Here we investigated the effect of 1–4 μm and 63–75 µm sized, spherical polyethylene MP with native and ultraviolet (UV)-weathered surface on developing natural stream periphyton communities over 28 days. In order to ensure proper particle exposure, we first tested MP suspension in water or in water containing either Tween 80, extracellular polymeric substances – EPS, fulvic acids, or protein. We found the extract of EPS from natural periphyton to be most suitable to create MP suspensions in preparation of exposure. Upon exposure, all tested types of MP were found to be associated with the periphyton, independent of their size and other properties. While biomass accrual and phenotypic community structure of the photoautotrophs remained unchanged, the prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities experienced a significant change in composition and relative abundances. Moreover, alpha diversity was affected in eukaryotes, but not in prokaryotes. The observed changes were more prominent in periphyton exposed to UV-treated as compared with native surface MP. Mechanical properties, as assessed by compression rheology, showed that MP-exposed periphyton had longer filamentous streamers, higher stiffness, lower force recovery and a higher viscoelasticity than control periphyton. Despite the observed structural and mechanical changes of periphyton, functional parameters (i.e., photosynthetic yield, respiration and nutrient uptake efficiencies) were not altered by MP, indicating the absence of MP toxicity, and suggesting functional redundancy in the communities. Together, our results provide further proof that periphyton is a sink for MP and demonstrate that MP can impact local microbial community composition and mechanical properties of the biofilms. Consequences of these findings might be a change in dislodgement behavior of periphyton, a propagation through the food chains and impacts on nutrient cycling and energy transfer. Hence, taking the omnipresence, high persistence and material and size diversity of MP in the aquatic environment into account, their ecological consequences need further investigation.
Analysis of the Genomic Sequence of ABO Allele Using Next-Generation Sequencing Method
Authors: He Yanmin , Hong Xiaozhen , Zhang Jingjing , He Ji , Zhu Faming , Huang He 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAlthough many molecular diagnostic methods have been used forABOgenotyping, there are few reports on the full-length genomic sequence analysis of theABOgene. Recently, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been shown to provide fast and high-throughput results and is widely used in the clinical laboratory. Here, we established an NGS method for analyzing the sequence of the start codon to the stop codon in theABOgene.Study Design and MethodsTwo pairs of primers covering the partial 5’-untranslated region (UTR) to 3’-UTR of theABOgene were designed. The sequences covering from the start codon to the stop codon of theABOgene were amplified using these primers, and an NGS method based on the overlap amplicon was developed. A total of 110 individuals, including 88 blood donors with normal phenotypes and 22 ABO subtypes, were recruited and analyzed. All these specimens were first detected by serological tests and then determined by polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) and NGS. The sequences, including all the intron regions for the specimens, were analyzed by bioinformatics software.ResultsAmong the 88 blood donors with a normal phenotype, 48 homozygous individuals, 39 heterozygous individuals, and one individual with a novelOallele were found according to the results of the PCR-SBT method. Some single-nucleotide variants (SNV) in intronic regions were found to be specific for differentABOalleles from 48 homozygous individuals using the NGS method. Sequences in the coding region of all specimens using the NGS method were the same as those of the PCR-SBT method. Three intronic SNVs were found to be associated with the ABO subtypes, including one novel intronic SNV (c.28+5956T&gt;A). Moreover, six specimens were found to exhibit DNA recombination.ConclusionAn NGS method was established to analyze the sequence from the start codon to the stop codon of theABOgene. Two novelABOalleles were identified, and DNA recombination was found to exist in theABOalleles.
Data-Driven Prediction of Quartz Dissolution Rates at Near-Neutral and Alkaline Environments
Authors: Gong Kai , Aytas Tunahan , Zhang Shu Yang , Olivetti Elsa A. 
Published: July 2022

Dissolution of silicate-based materials is important to many natural processes and engineering applications, including cement and concrete production. Here, we present a data-driven study to predict the dissolution rates of crystalline silica (i.e., quartz) in near-neutral and alkaline environments. We present a quartz dissolution database containing both dissolution rates and five major dissolution conditions (i.e., temperature, pressure, pH at the experimental temperature T (pHT), and the sodium and alumina content in the solution) via data mining from the literature. We supplement the database with experimental data of quartz dissolution rate in sodium hydroxide solutions (0–5 M) at different target temperatures (25–90°C), which are significantly less covered by the existing literature. We build two data-driven models (i.e., random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN)) to predict the dissolution rate of quartz (i.e., output target) as a function of dissolution conditions (i.e., input features). The results show that both RF and ANN models exhibit high predictive capability, with R2 values of 0.97–0.98, MAPEs of 2.95–4.24% and RMSEs of ∼0.31–0.44 log (mole/m2/s) for the test set. These prediction errors are much smaller than linear regression models (RMSE of ∼1.25 log) also presented here and comparable with those achieved in previous studies using reaction models based on a smaller and less complex dataset (RMSE of ∼0.35–0.44 log). We further evaluate the interpretability and performance of the data-driven models, and the results show that the model predictions are generally consistent with literature observations, including the different impacts of input features on dissolution rate. In particular, the ANN model appears to exhibit a certain level of ability to extrapolate, i.e., making predictions in feature space not covered in the database.
Impact of Air Pollution on the Ocular Surface and Tear Cytokine Levels: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hao Ran , Zhang Mingzhou , Zhao Liming , Liu Yang , Sun Min , Dong Jing , Xu Yanhui , Wu Feng , Wei Jinwen , Xin Xiangyang , Luo Zhongping , Lv Shuxuan , Li Xuemin 
Published: July 2022

PurposeTo assess air pollution-induced changes on ocular surface and tear cytokine levels.MethodsAs a prospective multicenter cohort study, 387 dry eye disease (DED) participants were recruited from five provinces in China and underwent measurements of ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Schirmer’s I test (ST), tear meniscus height (TMH), tear film break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), meibomian gland (MG) function, and tear cytokines. The associations between ocular surface parameters and exposure to particulate matter (PM), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) for 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month before the examination were analyzed in single- and multi-pollutant models adjusted for confounding factors.ResultsIn the multi-pollutant model, the OSDI score was positively correlated with PM with diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), O3, and SO2 exposure [PM2.5: β (1 week/month) = 0.229 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.035–0.424)/0.211 (95% CI: 0.160–0.583); O3: β (1 day/week/month) = 0.403 (95% CI: 0.229–0.523)/0.471 (95% CI: 0.252–0.693)/0.468 (95% CI: 0.215–0.732); SO2: β (1 day/week) = 0.437 (95% CI: 0.193–0.680)/0.470 (95% CI: 0.040–0.901)]. Tear secretion was negatively correlated with O3 and NO2 exposures but positively correlated with PM2.5 levels. Air pollutants were negatively correlated with TBUT and positively related with CFS score. Besides SO2, all other pollutants were associated with aggravated MG dysfunction (MG expression, secretion, and loss) and tear cytokines increasement, such as PM2.5 and interleukin-8 (IL-8) [β (1 day) = 0.016 (95% CI: 0.003–0.029)], PM with diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) and IL-6 [β (1 day) = 0.019 (95% CI: 0.006–0.033)], NO2 and IL-6 [β (1 month) = 0.045 (95% CI: 0.018–0.072)], among others. The effects of air pollutants on DED symptoms/signs, MG functions and tear cytokines peaked within 1 week, 1 month, and 1 day, respectively.ConclusionIncreased PM2.5, O3, and SO2 exposures caused ocular discomfort and damage with tear film instability. PM10 exposure led to tear film instability and ocular injury. PM, O3, and NO2 exposures aggravated MG dysfunction and upregulated tear cytokine levels. Therefore, each air pollutant may influence DED via different mechanisms within different time windows.