bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Platinum Society – ein „Rundum-Win–Win-Modell“ für eine alternde Gesellschaft
Authors: Matsuda Tomoo 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Thema „Zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement und Inklusion“ dieser Sektion aufgreifend soll an dieser Stelle ein neues Konzept für eine alternde Gesellschaft – nämlich das einer „Platinum Society“ – vorgestellt werden. Die „Platinum Society“ steht für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung einer Gesellschaft, die durch Alterung nicht an „Glanz“ verliert. Sie ist für alle gesellschaftlichen Gruppen – Zivilgesellschaft, öffentliche Verwaltung, Wirtschaft und Wissenschaft – gewinnbringend. Sie beschreibt ein „Rundum-Win–Win-Modell“.
Zivilgesellschaft und Inklusion – zusammenführende Kommentierung
Authors: Waldenberger Franz 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Alterung einer Gesellschaft ist im Gegensatz zu anderen langfristigen Entwicklungstrends zwar relativ gut prognostizierbar, die zugrunde liegenden Zusammenhänge und Auswirkungen sind allerdings ausgesprochen komplex, da sie alle Bereiche des gesellschaftlichen Lebens betreffen. Entsprechend sind ganzheitliche Analysen und Strategien notwendig. Zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement und Inklusion zählen zu den zentralen Anliegen holistischer Lösungsansätze. Die Beiträge in dieser Sektion zeigen auf, wie die Inklusion älterer Menschen gelingen kann, welche Rolle lokale Gemeinschaften bei der pflegerischen Versorgung im häuslichen Umfeld spielen können und welche Vorteile entsprechende Lösungen bieten. Dabei wird deutlich, dass Inklusion auf kommunaler Ebene an erhebliche Voraussetzungen gebunden ist, insbesondere die Zusammenarbeit verschiedener Stakeholdergruppen.
Localization of Generalized Wannier Bases Implies Chern Triviality in Non-periodic Insulators
Authors: Marcelli Giovanna , Moscolari Massimo , Panati Gianluca 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe investigate the relation between the localization of generalized Wannier bases and the topological properties of two-dimensional gapped quantum systems of independent electrons in a disordered background, including magnetic fields, as in the case of Chern insulators and quantum Hall systems. We prove that the existence of a well-localized generalized Wannier basis for the Fermi projection implies the vanishing of the Chern character, which is proportional to the Hall conductivity in the linear response regime. Moreover, we state a localization dichotomy conjecture for general non-periodic gapped quantum systems.
On the minimum problem for non-quasiconvex vectorial functionals
Authors: Zagatti Sandro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe consider functionals of the form $$\begin{aligned} {\mathcal {F}}(u) = \int _{\Omega } f(x, u(x), D u(x))\,dx, \quad u\in u_0 + W_0^{1,r}(\Omega ,{\mathbb {R}}^m), \end{aligned}$$

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of f and of the relaxed functional $$\begin{aligned} \overline{{\mathcal {F}}}(u) = \int _{\Omega } {\overline{f}}(x, u(x), D u(x))\,dx, \quad u\in u_0 + W_0^{1,r}(\Omega ,{\mathbb {R}}^m), \end{aligned}$$

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imposing standard differentiability and growth properties on $${\overline{f}}$$

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. In addition we assume a suitable structural condition on $${\overline{f}}$$

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and a special regularity on the minimizers of $$\overline{{\mathcal {F}}}$$

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, showing that under such assumptions $${\mathcal {F}}$$
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attains its infimum. Futhermore, we study the minimum problem for a class of functionals with separate dependence on the gradients of competing maps by the use of integro-extremality method, proving an existence result inspired by analogous ones obtained in the scalar case ($$m=1$$

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=
1

). This last argument does not require the special regularity assumption mentioned above but the usual notion of classical differentiability (almost everywhere).
Phenotypic variation and quantitative trait loci for resistance to southern anthracnose and clover rot in red clover
Authors: Frey Lea A. , Vleugels Tim , Ruttink Tom , Schubiger Franz X. , Pégard Marie , Skøt Leif , Grieder Christoph , Studer Bruno , Roldán-Ruiz Isabel , Kölliker Roland 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Key message
High variability for and candidate loci associated with resistance to southern anthracnose and clover rot in a worldwide collection of red clover provide a first basis for genomics-assisted breeding.

Abstract
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is an important forage legume of temperate regions, particularly valued for its high yield potential and its high forage quality. Despite substantial breeding progress during the last decades, continuous improvement of cultivars is crucial to ensure yield stability in view of newly emerging diseases or changing climatic conditions. The high amount of genetic diversity present in red clover ecotypes, landraces, and cultivars provides an invaluable, but often unexploited resource for the improvement of key traits such as yield, quality, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. A collection of 397 red clover accessions was genotyped using a pooled genotyping-by-sequencing approach with 200 plants per accession. Resistance to the two most pertinent diseases in red clover production, southern anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, and clover rot caused by Sclerotinia trifoliorum, was assessed using spray inoculation. The mean survival rate for southern anthracnose was 22.9% and the mean resistance index for clover rot was 34.0%. Genome-wide association analysis revealed several loci significantly associated with resistance to southern anthracnose and clover rot. Most of these loci are in coding regions. One quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 1 explained 16.8% of the variation in resistance to southern anthracnose. For clover rot resistance we found eight QTL, explaining together 80.2% of the total phenotypic variation. The SNPs associated with these QTL provide a promising resource for marker-assisted selection in existing breeding programs, facilitating the development of novel cultivars with increased resistance against two devastating fungal diseases of red clover.
Managing multi-goal design problems using adaptive leveling-weighting-clustering algorithm
Authors: Guo Lin , Milisavljevic-Syed Jelena , Wang Ru , Huang Yu , Allen Janet K. , Mistree Farrokh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we address the issue of solving problems with multiple components, multiple objectives, and target values for each objective. There are limitations in managing these multi-component, multi-goal problems such as the need for domain expertise to combine or prioritize the goals. In this paper, we propose a domain-independent method, Adaptive Leveling-Weighting-Clustering (ALWC), to manage the exploration of design scenarios of multi-goal, engineering-design problems. Using ALWC, designers explore combinations and priorities of the goals based on their interrelationships. Through iteration, design scenarios are obtained with higher goal achievements and an improved understanding of the relationship among subsystems. This is achieved without increasing computational complexity. This knowledge is helpful for multi-component design. The ALWC method is demonstrated using a thermal-system design problem.
The social value of a ridesharing platform: a hedonic pricing approach
Authors: Paik Yongwook , Makridis Christos A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGovernments around the world have been facing the challenges of regulating the ever-increasing prevalence of ridesharing platforms, leading to a proliferation of academic and policy debates about the social value of such platforms. However, the overall social value is still unclear because when analyzing the net benefit provided by ridesharing platforms, prior studies have focused on either supply side (i.e., drivers) or demand side (i.e., passengers) users without considering nonusers. Conversely, some studies that have considered the spillover effect of a ridesharing platform on nonusers have not simultaneously considered the net benefit for users. In this study, we propose that a hedonic pricing model can be used as a reasonably straightforward approach to collectively quantify the social value of a ridesharing platform for both users and nonusers. Using this approach, we exploit plausibly exogenous variation in the staggered entry of Uber into different metropolitan areas between 2010 and 2016 and find that the entry of Uber leads to, on average, a 2.8% increase in median housing prices per square foot within a metropolitan area. We also find that there is substantial spatial heterogeneity, with benefits concentrated in areas with greater dependence on public transportation and higher levels of traffic delay. By quantitatively computing the social value of a ridesharing platform with a hedonic pricing model, our study helps government regulators generate policies that are more likely to promote public welfare and become less susceptible to political whims.
Risk Factors for Postoperative Bleeding Following Breast Cancer Surgery: A Nationwide Database Study of 477,108 Cases in Japan
Authors: Konishi Takaaki , Fujiogi Michimasa , Shigemi Daisuke , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Tanabe Masahiko , Seto Yasuyuki , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough postoperative bleeding is a common and serious complication in breast cancer surgery, the risk factors remain unclear. Therefore, we examined the risk factors using a Japanese nationwide database.MethodsPatients who underwent breast cancer surgery between July 2010 and March 2020 were identified from a Japanese nationwide database. Multivariable analyses for 47 candidate risk factors (4 patient characteristics, 32 comorbidities, 5 tumor characteristics, 3 preoperative drug uses, and 3 surgical procedures) were conducted to investigate risk factors associated with postoperative bleeding requiring reoperation. Two sensitivity analyses were conducted: an analysis for postoperative bleeding with or without reoperation and an analysis for patients who underwent total mastectomy without breast reconstruction.ResultsAmong the 477,108 patients included, 7048 (1.5%) developed postoperative bleeding and 2357 (0.5%) underwent reoperation for postoperative bleeding. Male sex, old age, body mass index ≥ 25.0 kg/m2, several comorbidities (deficiency anemia, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, liver disease, psychoses, and valvular disease), preoperative heparin use, and several procedures were identified as risk factors. Deficiency anemia showed the highest odds ratio among the risk factors (4.41 [95% confidence interval, 3.63–5.36]). High odds ratios were also observed in total mastectomy (2.32 [2.10–2.56]), flap reconstruction (1.93 [1.55–2.40]), and preoperative heparin use (1.64 [1.26–2.14]). The results corresponded with the sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsThis study identified several risk factors for postoperative bleeding in breast cancer surgery, such as high body mass index, anemia, cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases, psychoses, preoperative heparin use, and surgical procedures.
Synthesis of layered zinc-aluminium double hydroxides modified with metal ions as photocatalysts with enhanced sorption properties
Authors: Długosz Olga , Banach Marcin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the article the process of Fe, Co, Ni and Cu hydroxides modified nanoparticles of layered double hydroxides (LDH) based on Zn and Al (Zn-Al LDH) was successfully presented. The precipitation method allowed to obtain nanoparticles of high crystallinity with lateral dimensions below 100 nm and thickness below 20 nm. The photocatalytic activity of the modified LDH in the degradation process of quinoline yellow was over 99%, while for the unmodified LDH the efficiency was only 30%. The study confirmed that modification of LDH with divalent ions had a significant effect on both photocatalytic and sorption properties. Furthermore, the study also investigated the effect of the nature of the type of light on the photodegradation efficiency.
Space-time hp-finite elements for heat evolution in laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing
Authors: Kopp Philipp , Calo Victor , Rank Ernst , Kollmannsberger Stefan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe direct numerical simulation of metal additive manufacturing processes such as laser powder bed fusion is challenging due to the vast differences in spatial and temporal scales. Classical approaches based on locally refined finite elements combined with time-stepping schemes can only address the spatial multi-scale nature and provide only limited scaling potential for massively parallel computations. We address these shortcomings in a space-time Galerkin framework where the finite element interpolation also includes the temporal dimension. In this setting, we construct four-dimensional meshes that are locally refined towards the laser spot and allow for varying temporal accuracy depending on the position in space. By splitting the mesh into conforming time-slabs, we recover a stepwise solution to solve the space-time problem locally in time at this slab; additionally, we can choose time-slab sizes significantly larger than classical time-stepping schemes. As a result, we believe this setting to be well suited for large-scale parallelization. In our work, we use a continuous Galerkin–Petrov formulation of the nonlinear heat equation with an apparent heat capacity model to account for the phase change. We validate our approach by computing the AMB2018-02 benchmark, where we obtain an excellent agreement with the measured melt pool shape. Using the same setup, we demonstrate the performance potential of our approach by hatching a square area with a laser path length of about one meter.
VisGIL: machine learning-based visual guidance for interactive labeling
Authors: Grimmeisen Benedikt , Chegini Mohammad , Theissler Andreas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLabeling of datasets is an essential task for supervised and semi-supervised machine learning. Model-based active learning and user-based interactive labeling are two complementary strategies for this task. We propose VisGIL which, using visual cues, guides the user in the selection of instances to label based on utility measures deduced from an active learning model. We have implemented the approach and conducted a qualitative and quantitative user study and a think-aloud test. The studies reveal that guidance by visual cues improves the trained model’s accuracy, reduces the time needed to label the dataset, and increases users’ confidence while selecting instances. Furthermore, we gained insights regarding how guidance impacts user behavior and how the individual visual cues contribute to user guidance. A video of the approach is available:https://ml-and-vis.org/visgil/.
Reactions of cisplatin and oxaliplatin with penicillin G: implications for drug inactivation and biological activity
Authors: Wang Fang-Xin , Prokes Ivan , Song Lijiang , Shi Huayun , Sadler Peter J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDetermination of the toxicity of compounds toward cancer cells is a frequent procedure in drug discovery. For metal complexes, which are often reactive prodrugs, care has to be taken to consider reactions with components of the cell culture medium that might change the speciation of the metal complex before it is taken up by the cells. Here, we consider possible reactions between the clinical platinum drugs cisplatin and oxaliplatin with penicillin G, an antibiotic added routinely to cell culture media to prevent bacterial contamination. Platinum has a high affinity for ligands with sulfur donors. Penicillin G is an unstable thioether that degrades in a range of pathways. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopic studies show that reactions with cisplatin can occur within minutes to hours at 310 K, but more slowly with oxaliplatin. The identities of the Pt- adducts were investigated by mass spectrometry. The marked effect on cytotoxicity of co-incubation of cisplatin with penicillin G was demonstrated for the HeLa human cervical cancer cell line. These studies highlight the possibility that reactions with penicillin G might influence the cytotoxic activity of metal complexes determined in culture media.Graphical abstract
Weighting estimation under bipartite incidence graph sampling
Authors: Patone Martina , Zhang Li-Chun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBipartite incidence graph sampling provides a unified representation of many sampling situations for the purpose of estimation, including the existing unconventional sampling methods, such as indirect, network or adaptive cluster sampling, which are not originally described as graph problems. We develop a large class of design-based linear estimators, defined for the sample edges and subjected to a general condition of design unbiasedness. The class contains as special cases the classic Horvitz-Thompson estimator, as well as the other unbiased estimators in the literature of unconventional sampling, which can be traced back to Birnbaum et al. (1965). Our generalisation allows one to devise other unbiased estimators in future, thereby providing a potential of efficiency gains. Illustrations are given for adaptive cluster sampling, line-intercept sampling and simulated graphs.
Improving the statistical power of economic experiments using adaptive designs
Authors: Jobjörnsson Sebastian , Schaak Henning , Musshoff Oliver , Friede Tim 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAn important issue for many economic experiments is how the experimenter can ensure sufficient power in order to reject one or more hypotheses. The paper illustrates how methods for testing multiple hypotheses simultaneously in adaptive, two-stage designs can be used to improve the power of economic experiments. We provide a concise overview of the relevant theory and illustrate the method in three different applications. These include a simulation study of a hypothetical experimental design, as well as illustrations using two data sets from previous experiments. The simulation results highlight the potential for sample size reductions, maintaining the power to reject at least one hypothesis while ensuring strong control of the overall Type I error probability.
Shape optimization for composite materials in linear elasticity
Authors: Fallahpour Merlin , Harbrecht Helmut 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article is devoted to the optimal design of the microstructure in composite materials, which are governed by the equations of linear elasticity. To this end, we combine homogenization with shape optimization. In particular, we determine the sensitivity of the homogenized coefficients of the elasticity tensor with respect to the shape of the periodic microstructure also in case of spatially varying material coefficients. We compute the respective Hadamard shape gradient and demonstrate the applicability and feasibility of our approach by numerical experiments for different problem settings.
Methods of calculating 123I-β-methyl-P-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid washout rates in triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy
Authors: Chen Zhuoqing , Nakajima Kenichi , Hirano Ken-ichi , Kamiya Takashi , Yoshida Shohei , Saito Shintaro , Kinuya Seigo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to optimize various methods of calculating washout rates (WRs) of 123I-β-methyl-p-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic (BMIPP), as they are essential to diagnose triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy (TGCV) which is a rare disease entity identified in Japan and has been encoded in Orphanet (ORPHA code 565612).

Methods
We calculated WRs of 123I-BMIPP from early (20 min) and delayed (200 min) images. We evaluated six methods of calculating WRs to discriminate TGVC patients (age, 56.8 ± 14.6 y; male, n = 13; female, n = 4) and 21 123I-BMIPP studies were involved including 4 follow-up studies. Washout rates were calculated by two planar methods using anterior images with cardiac and background regions of interest (ROIs) and by four SPECT methods using either array and polar plots or summed short-axis images. The final diagnoses of TGCV were confirmed according to the 2020 diagnostic criteria, and the diagnostic accuracy of WRs calculated using the six methods was analyzed using the area under receiver-operating characteristics curves (ROC-AUC). Multiple scatter-plot matrix methods were evaluated with correlations for comparison.

Results
All six methods were useful for diagnosis and did not significantly differ. The four SPECT methods showed excellent diagnostic accuracy (AUC 1.0), whereas the planar methods with and without background correction could be acceptable (AUC 0.857 and 0.964, respectively). The WRs were relatively lower for patients with CAD and remarkable metabolic defects than for patients with TGCV but without defects.

Conclusions
For the diagnosis of TGCV, the WR cutoff of 10% of 123I-BMIPP functioned well in planar and SPECT discrimination based on computational methods as a classifier. However, calculation optimization should improve TGCV diagnoses.
Translanguaging as a social justice strategy: the case of teaching Chinese to ethnic minority students in Hong Kong
Authors: Wang Danping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor the past two decades, a significant number of ethnic minority students from diverse racial, cultural, linguistic, and religious backgrounds have entered Chinese language classrooms in Hong Kong for the first time. Simultaneously, Chinese language teachers have come under criticism for their lack of understanding of diversity and their failure to integrate ethnic minority students academically and socially. However, there is little research on how these teachers can transform their educational beliefs, teaching techniques, and attitudes toward diversity and inclusion to respond effectively to the drastic changes taking place in their professional work. This study examines how a group of Chinese language teachers employed translanguaging as a social justice strategy to address the challenges of teaching minority students in a monolingual and assimilative educational setting in Hong Kong. Classroom observations show that teachers enacted a translanguaging stance, using students’ familiar semiotic resources to make their teaching more inclusive and equitable for ethnic minority students from low socioeconomic and religious backgrounds. Teachers reported becoming more aware of diversity in the classroom as well as of the social inequalities and racial discrimination outside of school. The study shows that criticism has been unfairly levied on Chinese language teachers in Hong Kong, who should not be held responsible for the social problems hindering ethnic minorities’ social mobility. Research should include a decolonial perspective to legitimize translanguaging as a social justice strategy for more transformative praxis in the education sector in postcolonial Hong Kong.