bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Soil pH on Azotobacter Population With Using Microbiological Characteristics as Bio-Measurement in Arable Lands of Tripoli. N. W. Libya
Authors: Ben Mahmud Merfat T. , Ferjani Eman A. 
Published: May 2022

In the present study, 15 samples of soil were collected to isolate Azotobacter from the rhizosphere in different regions of Tripoli. LG specified medium was used for the isolation of bacteria and were purified on the same medium for identification and characterisation.The colonies were identified through microscopical and biochemical tests and the results obtained were classified as Azotobacter sp. Subsequently, the microbial population was calculated by colony count method. The soil pH, total nitrogen content (N), total phosphorus content (P) and organic carbon (OC) in soil were determined. The results of this study indicated to effects positive and negative of soil pH levels on Azotobacter population. In the estimation of above chemical properties of all soil samples it was showed that bacterial population differs significantly among the different soil samples.
Risk factors of Atopic dermatitis in 1- to 4-Years Old Children in Al-Bayda city, Libya
Authors: Ali Marfoua. S. , Efkeren Samia M , Qowaider Salema R.M , Bianco Salma. A. 
Published: May 2022

may be an important factor in children with atopic eczema under 4 years. Our objective was to assess the extent and characteristics of confirmed and unconfirmed diagnoses of AD in 112 children who were diagnosed by Pediatric Allergy Clinic at El-Beyda’s hospital with a high possibility of having AD at some point in their lifetimes. Sera from the patients were analyzed for specific IgE antibodies to 20 allergens. About 95% of children with AD have IgE-mediated clinical reactivity. The prevalence of positive cases with food allergens ranged from 19-20%, and environmental factors ranged from 11-14% for boys and girls respectively. Positive cases of environmental factors in this population were recorded against some species of plants. As a result, a combined sensitization to food and environmental allergens not only has an additive increase in serum IgE antibody production, but also increases the risk of developing allergic diseases such as asthma during childhood. An evaluation for AD should be considered to these children.
تحسين استنبات بذور أشجار الخروب .Ceratonia siliqua L باستخدام طرق معالجة مختلفة
Authors: صالح سامي محمد , عبدالرازق أحمد امراجع 
Published: May 2022

أجريت هذه الدراسة في كلية العلوم / جامعة عمر المختار، لتحسين إنبات بذور أشجار الخروب Ceratonia siliqua L. البرية والمستزرعة باستخدام عدة معاملات مختلفة شملت معاملة النقع في الماء الساخن لفترات زمنية (20، 40، 60) دقيقة، والخدش الميكانيكي، وخدش ميكانيكي مع النقع في الماء المقطر، والخدش الميكانيكي مع النقع في الجبريلين 500ppm، والنقع في الجبريلين تركيز 750، 1000، 1250ppm، وأخيرا النقع في حمض الكبريتيك تركيز50، 70، 90%، أشارت النتائج إلى تفوق معاملة الخدش مع النقع في الجبريلين 500ppm على جميع المعاملات بنسبة إنبات 98%، وبمتوسط زمن إنبات 2.88 يوماً، كما سجلت زيادة في طول الجذير، والوزنين الطازج والجاف للبادرة، بينما كانت معاملة النقع في الجبرلين أقل المعاملات كفاءة في تحسين إنبات البذور ومؤشراته، وأشارت النتائج إلى عدم وجود فروق معنوية بين بذور الخروب البرية والمستزرعة للصفات المدروسة، وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن معاملة بذور الخروب بالخدش مع النقع في الجبريلين500ppm هي الأكثر كفاءة في تحسين الإنبات.
Admission Patterns and Outcome in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at Tobruk Hospital
Authors: Gresh Hawa , Othman Rehab 
Published: May 2022

This study aims to describe the admission pattern and outcome of patients in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at Tobruk medical center. We have retrospectively reviewed medical files of PICU over the period from January to December of 2016 for children aged from 1month-15 years. A total of 1026 children were admitted to PICU at Tobruk medical center. Of the total, 55% were males and 44.9% were females with male to female ratio of 1.2: 1. Age distribution showed that 64% were infants (1month -1 year). Majority of admission during cold months (December, January, and February) had the highest admission rate. Central nervous system and respiratory system diseases (23%, 12%) respectively were the most diseases requiring PICU admission. Congenital heart diseases 10/26 (38.4%) was the most common cause of total death. 668(65%) patients improved and were discharged from ICU, and 201 (19.5%) were transferred to pediatric ward for further management and discharged in satisfactory condition. 99 (9.6%) patients left against medical advice, and 32 (3%) patients transferred to more specified hospital and 26 patient died (2.5%). The observed difference in the mortality was with the respect to age, length of stay, and the involved systems. Neurological system remains a major cause for admission in ICU mainly for febrile convulsion and was associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Respiratory system was the second cause mainly for pneumonia, and CHD was the major cause of death. The results concluded that epidemiologic analysis of the pattern of patients admitted to our PICU showed different etiologies for admission
Evaluation of Methods of Gastroesophegeal Reflux Disease Diagnosis in Thawra Teaching Hospital Elbaida –Libya
Authors: Mohamed Faraj Alhomry , Awami Salem M. , Kharchevnyk Mykhaylo 
Published: May 2022

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) results from the reflux of gastric contents, causing symptoms and injury to esophageal tissue. In this study, we evaluate methods of diagnosis of GERD and pattern of clinical, endoscopic, and histological findings in consecutive individuals. Patients were referred to endoscopy unit of Thawra Teaching Hospital, Elbaida-Libya for various reasons, they have Questionnaire-based assessment scales and were examined for the presence of reflux esophagitis, via endoscopy, and microscopic via histopathology. We had 48 patients with mean age of 45.5, 30 female, 18 male. Total patients with microscopic esophagitis were 29 (60.4%), and without microscopic esophagitis 19 (39.6%). The RDQ with a score of ≥ 8 as the diagnostic criteria of GERD, is not a conclusive diagnosis of GERD in isolation, but is of value in determining the need for further investigation. A normal endoscopy does not exclude GERD when endoscopy is inconclusive, adjunctive evidence from biopsy findings can add confidence for a GERD diagnosis. The finding of glandular mucosa without intestinal metaplasia in the distal 2 cm of the tubular esophagus is regarded as normal but indicates a much chronic acid exposure of the lower esophagus.
Structuration de l’espace autour des lieux sacrés de la ville d’Abomey au Sud-Bénin
Authors: MENSAH Gildas K. S. , AROUNA Ousséni , DJAOUGA Mama , SOGBOSSI Erick , TOKO IMOROU Ismaïla 
Published: May 2022

Les patrimoines naturels, historiques et culturels constituent des éléments importants de la ville d’Abomey. L’objectif de la présente recherche est d’analyser la proximité des lieux sacrés par rapport aux infrastructures sociocommunautaires de la ville d’Abomey. La cartographie constitue l’approche méthodologique utilisée. L’indice de Moran a été utilisé pour évaluer la dépendance entre les lieux sacrés. On note une indépendance spatiale entre les lieux sacrés au seuil de 5 %. De 100 à 300 m autour des palais, les espaces non bâtis ont augmenté de 39,79 % alors que l’espace occupé par les agglomérations s’est réduit de 34,48 %. Par ailleurs, on note entre 300 et 500 m une diminution de 52,46 % de l’occupation spatiale des espaces non bâtis et une expansion spatiale des agglomérations de 49,17 %. Autour des temples entre 100 à 500 m, le taux d’occupation spatiale des agglomérations a diminué de 15,42 % et celui des espaces non bâtis a augmenté de 13,48 %. Par contre, l’occupation spatiale des espaces non bâtis autour des places sacrées dans un rayon de 100 à 300 m a augmenté de 3,23 % et la superficie des agglomérations s’est réduite de 3,94 %. Dans le rayon de 300 et 500 m, on enregistre une diminution de 2,45 % de la superficie des espaces non bâtis et une expansion des agglomérations de 1,74 %. La structure de l’espace montre que les agglomérations et les espaces non bâtis ont les forts taux d’occupation spatiale autour des lieux sacrés.
The natural, historical and cultural heritages are important elements of the city of Abomey. The aim of this research is to analyze the proximity of sacred places to the socio-community infrastructures of the city of Abomey. The mapping is the methodological approach used. The Moran index was used to evaluate the dependence between sacred places. There is spatial independence between sacred places at the 5 % threshold. The structure of the space shows that settlements and unbuilt areas have high rates of space cover. From 100 to 300 m around the palaces, the unbuilt space increases by 39.79 % while the space occupied by settlements decreases by 34.48 %. Moreover, between 300 and 500 m, there is a decrease of 52.46 % in the spatial cover of unbuilt space and a spatial expansion of urban areas by 49.17 %. Around the temples between 100 and 500 m, the spatial cover of urban areas decreased by 15.42 % and that of unbuilt spaces increased by 13.48 %. In contrast, the spatial cover of undeveloped areas around sacred places within 100-300 m increased by 3.23% and the area of urban areas decreased by 3.94 %. Within the 300 and 500 m radius, there was a 2.45 % decrease in the area of unbuilt space and a 1.74% expansion of settlements. The structure of the space shows that settlements and open spaces have the highest rates of spatial occupation around sacred places.
Unexpected thunderstorms over East Uttar Pradesh On the night of 11-18 February 1960
Authors: ASNANI G. C. 
Published: May 2022

At 00 GMT of 18 February 1960, 3 out of 5 stations in east Uttar Pradesh reported Thunderstorms either as “present” or as “past” weather. The synoptic situation at 12 GMT of 17 February 1960 gave little prior indication of such thunderstorm activity. A few interesting features of the synoptic situation and of the relevant tephigrams are discussed.
On super-refraction after the passage of a thunderstorm
Authors: MATHUR L. S. , KULSHRESTHA S. M. 
Published: May 2022

A situation is described when the 3.2 cm high power radar at Safdarjung showed unusual ground coverage due to super-refraction near the earth’s surface. It occurred after the passage of a frontal thunderstorm. Super-refraction is generally associated with stability in the atmosphere. A case is discussed in which super-refraction occurred in an atmosphere which sustained thunderstorm activity.
A radar study of the development and movement of thunderstorms in the vicinity of Madras In the monsoon season
Authors: RAO D. VENKATESWARA , RAGHAVAN S. , SOUNDARARAJAN K. 
Published: May 2022

A study has been made of the favoured sectors and ranges at which thunderstorms developed around Madras during monsoon months (June-September) in 1959, with the help of a storm detecting radar, Decca Type 41. The favoured times of their formation as well as the speed and direction of movement have been examined. The relevant features observed are discussed in the paper.
Vertical growth and decay of convective cloud cells and associated precipitation rates at different levels
Authors: MURTY Bh. V. RAMANA , BISWAS K. R. 
Published: May 2022

Study, using radar, has been made of history of growth and decay, in the vertical of convective rain cells around Delhi, and of associated variations in liquid water concentration of rate of precipitation release at different heights as judged from echo intensity measurements. Data relating to three such situations, typifying respectively rain from (a) warm, (b) moderately cold and (c) very tall and highly supercooled (as in a severe thunderstorm) convective cloud are presented in the paper. One common feature noticed, namely, that the rise of fall in precipitation rate at each level, follows closely a similar trend in variation of height of radar cloud top, needs to be given detailed consideration on the basis of suitable model of distribution of vertical currents within such a cell. Some tentative considerations have been given to this aspect of the problem.
Thunderstorm rain vs steady precipitation from layer type clouds, as judged by study of raindrop sizes
Authors: SRIVASTAVA R. C. , KAPOOR R. K. 
Published: May 2022

Quantitatively reliable estimate by radar of precipitation intensity at a distance requires a critical prior study being made of drop size distribution in rain of various kinds and at different phases of rain fall. Observation in this regard have been made in two distinct types of radar synoptic situations-one associated predominantly with widespread continuous and relatively steady precipitation from cold stratiform clouds, and the other in which rain of a showery and more temporary and localised character occurs chiefly from very tall and highly superooled clouds as in a thunderstorm. Some of the distinguishing features of drop size distribution and associated parameters, such as median volume diameter, total space concentration of drops, and radar reflectivity in the two situations are presented and discussed in the paper.
A statistical study of thunderstorm activity over Agartala airfield
Authors: GUPTA H. N. , CHORGHADE S. L. 
Published: May 2022

The results of a study of thunderstorm activity over Agartala airfield based on data for the years 1957 to 1959 have been presented in this paper, There are, on the average, 105 days of thundery conditions per year when about 126 thunderstorms occur, These thunderstorms are often associated with severe squalls and, on a few occasions, with hail. The thundery activity over Agartala airfield begins perceptibly in February, gradually attains a maximum in May and June, subsides only slightly during the monsoon months and suddenly shoots up to a much higher maximum in September to dwindle gradually by the end of October, Occurrence and persistence over long duration of thunderstorms on a large number of days during monsoon months constitute an interesting feature of the weather at Agartala. Monthly frequencies of thunderstorms, their duration, their prevalence during various hours of the day, and percentage of rainfall associated with thunderstorms are also discussed.
Studies of raindrop size characteristics in different types of tropical rain using a simple raindrop recorder
Authors: SIVARAMAKRISHNAN M. V. 
Published: May 2022

The paper describes an easily constructed raindrop recorder for obtaining a continuous record of the time of occurrence, duration and range of raindrop sizes of all types of rain (thunderstorm, showers, and continuous type of rain). The important meteorological parameters such as liquid water content W, intensity of rainfall R’, size distribution of raindrops for all types of rain ND, radar reflectivity Z can all be obtained from the recorder. Regression equations connecting the intensity of rainfall with the various rainfall parameter have been developed and compared with the findings of other investigators all over the world. A brief description of a suitable rain receiver, tilting bucket raingauge is also given for determining the intensity of rainfall at minute intervals for various types of rain from a continuous photographic record. It is shown, in agreement with results obtained by Blanchard (1953) and Atlas and Chmela (1957) that the rain intensity corresponding to most size spectra can be represented by a uniform collection of drops with size equal to the median volume diameter Do. The study clearly shows that any two of the four raindrop size parameters R', Z, W, Do fix the other two. The physical basis for the Z-R' correlation for different types of rainfall are explained using Bartnoff and Atlas's equation (1951). The presence or absence or appreciable electric charge in rain helps to find out whether the rain is from freezing or non-freezing clouds.
Solar insolation curves
Authors: RAO K. R. , SESHADRI T. N. 
Published: May 2022

Curves for the variations in the intensity of direct solar radiation, incident at sea level on a surface normal to the sun’s rays, with solar altitudes for different water vapour and dust contents of the atmosphere are given in this paper. These curves facilitate easy computations of the solar insolation for any conditions of atmosphere and situation, on clear days.

Calculations carried out using these curves compare well with the observed values generally.
Variability of Upper Winds over India
Authors: KRISHNAN A. , PANT P. S. , ANANTHAKRISHNAN R. 
Published: May 2022

Information about the normal upper winds as well as their variability with respect to direction and speed are useful factors for aviators. Based on normal upper winds at the pibal stations in India and neighbourhood, the steadiness factor and the standard vector deviation have been computed at selected levels for four typical months, January, April, July and October. Charts depicting these parameters have been prepared and the results discussed.
Role of Pressure Tendencies in Forecasting Rainfall
Authors: BANERJI S. , KUNDU T. K. 
Published: May 2022

Change of pressure at a place is a direct result of convergence with associated vertical transport fair and advection of air at that place. Pressure changes due to advection alone would be large and could not account for the pressure tendencies ordinalily noticed. If the pressure changes of order ordinarily noticed are due to convergence, then a direct confirmation of the same may be obtained by a study of pressure tendencies in the field of monsoon depression, the rainfall in which issupposed to be due mostly to convergence. This aspect has been studies vis-à-vis short duration pressure tendencies.
A study of pre-monsoon thunderstorms in Central parts of India
Authors: BANERJEE A. K. 
Published: May 2022

The distribution of average rainfall in a thunderstorm field over central parts of India during the pre-monsoon period (March to May) has been analysed from two different angles. The average distribution of thunderstorms, hailstorms and associated rainfall inside the moist sector in a potential thunderstorm field have also been presented in the paper. The data of all the observatories, including the hydromet observatories, situated in Madhya Pradesh and Vidarbha for the period 1951-57 have been utilised for this study.
The seismic Lg waves and their propagation along the granitic layer of the crust of Indian Sub-Continent
Authors: SAHA B. P. 
Published: May 2022

Guided or channel waves of the Lg type were observed in Colaba seismcgrams due to an earthquake and its, aftershock originating in Nepal, Similar observations are also available from another earth-quake having its origin in Assam-Bhutan border. No such waves were, however, recorded by similar seismographs at Shillong and Madras. They are also absent in the records of Quetta (Pakistan) seismographs having different characteristics. Lg waves are also absent in the records of the shocks criginating in the zones to the north of the Himalayas, The geological significance of the existence and non-existence of Lg waves in earthquake records is discussed. Similarity between ordinary microseisms of 4 to 10 seconds periods is also considered and an explanation has also been suggested why microseisms could propagate through the ocean bottom while the Lg waves are completely deleted during its passage through the oceanic path. The well defined Lg and Rg phase in records of the Assam-Bhutan border shock probably goes to show the importance of the focus in the granitic layer for the generation of this type of guided waves.
Very fast moving radar echoes as observed CPS-9 Radar
Authors: KULSHRESTHA S. M. , SHARMA B. L. 
Published: May 2022

In this study, a few instances of very rapidly moving radar echoes, as observed on the CPS-9 Radar at Safdarjung (New Delhi), are presented and discussed in the light of available observations and existing theories. It has been shown that these echoes-apparently moving at speeds of more than 200 mph-cannot be due to radar returns from aircrafts or from birds. It has been concluded that these were in fact cases of radarscope misinterpretation; the radar beam at each successive rotation encountering a different blob in almost the same azimuth and range, and thus giving the impression that the successive echoes were due to the same radar object flying across the scope at a terrific speed of hundreds of miles per hour.
Diurnal variation of Atmospheric Electric Potential Gradient at Colaba (Bombay) examined for the Universal Component and relationship with meteorological elements
Authors: YACOB A. 
Published: May 2022

The atmospheric electric potential gradient (P.G.) data of Colaba (Bombay) are averaged over the period 1936 to 1955 to obtain the mean diurnal variation for the different months of the year. The diurnal variations are regular and for large amplitude only for the winter months of November to February. The diurnal variations for these months are harmonically analysed to see if the universal component of the diurnal variation found for the ocean areas as well as some land stations by Mauchly (1923), is manifested in the variations at Colaba. The phase of the 24-hourwave is found to differ from that found by Mauchly by 5 to 10 hours. It is concluded that
the universal component of the diurnal variation in P .G .does not readily manifest itself at Colaba.

The relationships between diurnal variation of P .G. and those of the meteorological elements, barometric pressure, air temperature and relative humidity are next examined. The statistical correlation coefficient between P.G. and barometric pressure variations is +0.71, that between P.G. and air temperature variations -0.67 and the value between P.G. and relative humidity is +0.57.

A confirmation of the relationships is sought for in the phase relationships of the significant harmonic components of the diurnal variations of P .G. and the meteorological elements for the winter months. For the P .G. diurnal variation both the 24:hour wave and the 12-hour wave are almost equally significant. For barometric {16a) pressure it is the 12-hour component which is significant, while the 24-hour components predominate in the diurnal variations of air temperature and relative humidity. It is found that the 12-hour waves of P.G. and barometric pressure variations are very nearly in phase. The 24-hour waves of P.G. and air temperature are in antiphase while
those of P.G. and relative humidity are nearly in phase.

Assuming the electrical state of the atmosphere to be in quasi-static eqnilibrium an attempt is made to examine possible ways by which meteorological elements can influence P.G.
On a destructive hailstorm in Gormi area of Bhind district on 30 October 1961
Authors: SWAMINATHAN D. R. 
Published: May 2022

According to press reports, a hailstorm of severe intensity followed by heavy downpour of rain, hit badly about 45 villages in the area between Phopha and Gormi on the banks of the river Kllrai in Bhind district of Gwalior Division in Madhya Pradesh, at 1630 IST on 30 October 1961. In that destructive hailstorm which lashed for about one hour, hailstones of the size of small pebbles were reported to have killed 12 persons and injured 97 seriously, while 700 to 1000 heads of cattle were also reported to have perished. Further the storm was reported to have caused extensive damage to standing Kharif crops over an area of about 4000 acres and the loss was estimated to be about rupees 20 lakhs.