bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New techniques for breeding maize (Zea mays) varieties with fall armyworm resistance and market‐preferred traits for sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Matova Prince M. , Kamutando Casper N. , Warburton Marilyn L. , Williams W. Paul , Magorokosho Cosmos , Shimelis Hussein , Labuschagne Maryke , Day Roger , Gowda Manje 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDeploying maize varieties with fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda [J.E. Smith]; FAW) resistance, desirable product profiles (PPs) and climate resilience is fundamental for food and economic security in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). This study reviewed and identified challenges and opportunities for effective and accelerated breeding of demand‐led maize hybrids with FAW resistance and adaptation to the diverse agro‐ecologies of SSA. Lessons were drawn on improving breeding efficiency through adequate genetic variation delivered via prebreeding programmes, speed breeding and a reduced breeding stage plan. Appropriate PPs aligned with demand‐led breeding approaches were highlighted as foundations for variety design and commercialization. Challenges to accelerated FAW resistance breeding in maize included inadequate funds and modern tools; poor adaptation of some exotic donor parental lines; lack of information on FAW resistance among local varieties; lack of integration of molecular markers associated with FAW resistance and agronomic traits into selection plans; and limited infrastructure for FAW rearing and germplasm screening. Integration of modern breeding tools and scientific innovations were recommended for accelerated development and release of FAW resistant and market‐preferred maize varieties.
Coping with Welfare Shame: Responses of Urban Indigenous and Non‐Indigenous Peoples to “Mutual Obligation” Requirements in Australia
Authors: Kurita Ritsuko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article examines how Indigenous and non‐Indigenous people in cities navigate welfare and the mutual obligation regime in Australia. Since the introduction of the mutual obligation requirements (MORs) and the accompanying “Work for the Dole” program, initially for Indigenous and later for non‐Indigenous welfare beneficiaries, welfare recipients from both groups are perceived as morally deficient people and are stigmatized by paternalistic state surveillance. Drawing on the idea of shame as a cultural boundary‐making process, this article shows that although welfare recipients from both groups have reinterpreted the concept of “mutual obligation” based on their cultural values and practices, contesting interpretations of the concept within each group have hindered them from fully deflecting shame by disrupting and replacing normative scripts of conduct. This article argues that such variations occurred first because the interpretations that both groups adopted to cope with government surveillance are already mobilized by the state to justify intervening in citizens’ lives, and second because the sociospatiality of a city such as Adelaide, where a broad range of neoliberal policy experiments have been implemented, facilitates the internalization of neoliberal values among citizens, regardless of whether they are Indigenous or not. [mutual obligation, “work for the dole” program, Indigenous, welfare recipients, shame]
Highly specific qPCR and amplicon sequencing method for detection of quarantine citrus pathogen Phyllosticta citricarpa applicable for air samples
Authors: Zajc Janja , Kogej Zwitter Zala , Fišer Sara , Gostinčar Cene , Vicent Antonio , Domenech Anaïs Galvañ , Riccioni Luca , Boonham Neil , Ravnikar Maja , Kogovšek Polona 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa is a quarantine pathogen in the EU and is of high economic importance in many parts of the world where favourable climate conditions drive the development of citrus black spot (CBS) disease. Disease symptoms include necrotic lesions on leaves and fruits. Low disease pressure can reduce crop marketability, while higher disease pressure can cause premature fruit drop, significantly increasing crop losses. The wind‐dispersed spores of P. citricarpa are especially problematic for rapid pathogen dispersal, but also provide an opportunity for early detection of the disease spreading into a new area. In this study we have developed and validated a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay based on the TEF1‐α sequence. Specificity testing demonstrated that it is currently the only qPCR assay that does not cross‐react with closely related Phyllosticta species. The assay is sensitive and can detect a single copy of the TEF1 gene in a reaction, it is highly repeatable and reproducible and can be used for testing of the sticky tapes from spore traps as well as citrus fruit samples. High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) of the DNA barcodes ITS1 and TEF1 was also explored for the detection and discrimination of P. citricarpa. The limit of detection of the HTS was 1000 spores on a daily spore trap tape. This study makes an important improvement to the diagnostics of the CBS and the methods developed can also be applied to improve the surveillance and early detection of the pathogen when linked to spore samplers in the field.
Special needs dentistry in multidisciplinary head and neck cancer management – characterizing scope and complexity of patient care
Authors: Sundaresan Pritam Daniel , Kruger Estie , Geachie John MC , Tennant Marc 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsTo describe the involvement and need for specialists in special needs dentistry (SND) in the multidisciplinary management of patients and to characterize the complexity of patients with special health care needs.MethodsReferrals for SND review from the Fiona Stanley Hospital head and neck cancer (HNC) multidisciplinary team between January 1 and December 31, 2019 were screened. Data recorded included demographic information, medical history, dental status, and dental treatment provided prior to HNC management.ResultsIn total 127 patients were referred to the SND clinic in 2019 of which 89.0% were males and 74.8% were aged 50–79. The mean waiting time for SND review was 19.6 days. On average patients had a decayed, missing, filled tooth (DMFT) score of 20.3. During the study period 407 extractions and 30 restorations were completed. Seventeen patients (13.4%) had all their teeth removed prior to HNC management. The majority of patients (79.6%) were categorized as either moderate or severe complexity. Increasing complexity was seen in older age groups.ConclusionsSignificant oral disease is seen in patients with HNC often requiring extensive dental treatment. Complexity is seen in patients requiring multidisciplinary care however characteristics that constitute complexity are varied given the spectrum encompassing ‘special needs’.
Predicting group consciousness among Asian Americans: Considering commonalities, shared interests, panethnic group identification, and linked fate
Authors: Nicholson Harvey L. , Mei Di 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIdentifying factors linked to the development of group consciousness is important toward bettering our understanding of group formation processes among marginalized ethnoracial groups. This study examines predictors of group consciousness among Asians and Asian Americans in the United States, focusing on numerous dimensions of this concept, including linked fate, panethnic group identification, and four specific sources of perceived group commonality and interests: (1) cultural, (2) economic, (3) political, and (4) racial. We use data from a national survey to examine socio‐structural, political, discrimination, and immigration correlates associated with separate dimensions of Asian group consciousness. We found that perceiving interpersonal discrimination increased the importance of being Asian; heightened the odds of feeling linked fate with other Asian people; and enhanced the odds of identification as “Asian American.” Republicans and Independents were less likely to perceive different elements of Asian group consciousness compared to Democrats. Educational attainment, income, gender, employment status, ethnicity, and English‐speaking comfortability had varying effects across certain measures of Asian group consciousness. For Asians and Asian Americans, interpersonal discrimination and certain socio‐structural, political, and immigration factors may be especially meaningful toward the development of linked fate, shared group interests and commonalities, and panethnic identification, all of which are key toward activating group consciousness.
Hygrochronometry of punctuated metasomatic events during exhumation of the Cycladic blueschist unit (Syros, Greece)
Authors: Gyomlai Thomas , Agard Philippe , Marschall Horst R. , Jolivet Laurent 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe spatiotemporal scales at which fluid flow events occur along the subduction interface remain poorly constrained. This study illustrates the benefit of using in‐situ Rb/Sr dating on metasomatic white mica to constrain the timing of metasomatic events, taking advantage of the well‐studied reaction zones of the Kampos‐Lia unit of Syros, Greece. This unit is a subducted block‐in‐matrix structure corresponding to a preserved fragment of a discontinuous, slow‐spreading oceanic domain. Results reveal that the main metasomatic event took place at ~36 Ma, coincident with the transition from blueschist to greenschist facies and syn‐ to post‐orogenic exhumation in the Cyclades marking the end of a first exhumation stage along the subduction interface. Results highlight that fluid–rock interaction along the subduction interface cannot be treated as the result of continuous fluid influx, but rather reflect punctuated, heterogeneously distributed events (both in time and space) tied to specific tectonometamorphic episodes.
Factors associated with verbal fluency in older adults living with HIV in West Africa: A longitudinal study
Authors: Bernard Charlotte , Font Hélène , Diallo Zélica , Ahonon Richard , Tine Judicaël Malick , Abouo Franklin N'Guessan , Tanon Aristophane , Messou Eugène , Seydi Moussa , Dabis François , Dartigues Jean‐François , de Rekeneire Nathalie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveVerbal fluency decline, observed both in aging and HIV infection, has been related to lower quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with categorical fluency in people living with HIV (PLHIV) aged ≥60 years living in West Africa.MethodsIn this longitudinal study, PLHIV aged ≥60 years, on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥6 months were included in three clinics (two in Côte d'Ivoire, one in Senegal) participating in the West Africa International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) collaboration. Categorical fluency was evaluated with the Isaacs Set Test at 60 s at baseline and 2 years later. Factors associated with verbal fluency baseline performance and annual rates of changes were evaluated using multivariate linear regression models.ResultsNinety‐seven PLHIV were included with 41 of them (42%) having a 2‐year follow‐up visit. The median age was 64 (62–67), 45.4% were female, and 89.7% had an undetectable viral load. The median annual change in categorical fluency scores was −0.9 (IQR: −2.7 to 1.8). Low baseline categorical fluency performance and its decline were associated with older age and being a female. Low educational level was associated with low baseline categorical fluency performance but not with its decline. Categorical fluency decline was also associated with marital status and hypertension.ConclusionsAmong older West African PLHIV, usual socio‐demographic variables and hypertension were the main factors associated with low categorical fluency performance and/or its decline. Interventions that focus on supporting cardiometabolic health are highly recommended to prevent cognitive disorders in PLHIV.
Rice Pangenome Genotyping Array: an efficient genotyping solution for pangenome‐based accelerated genetic improvement in rice
Authors: Daware Anurag , Malik Ankit , Srivastava Rishi , Das Durdam , Ellur Ranjith K. , Singh Ashok K. , Tyagi Akhilesh K. , Parida Swarup K. 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARYThe advent of the pangenome era has unraveled previously unknown genetic variation existing within diverse crop plants, including rice. This untapped genetic variation is believed to account for a major portion of phenotypic variation existing in crop plants. However, the use of conventional single reference‐guided genotyping often fails to capture a large portion of this genetic variation leading to a reference bias. This makes it difficult to identify and utilize novel population/cultivar‐specific genes for crop improvement. Thus, we developed a Rice Pangenome Genotyping Array (RPGA) harboring probes assaying 80K single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and presence–absence variants spanning the entire 3K rice pangenome. This array provides a simple, user‐friendly and cost‐effective (60–80 USD per sample) solution for rapid pangenome‐based genotyping in rice. The genome‐wide association study (GWAS) conducted using RPGA‐SNP genotyping data of a rice diversity panel detected a total of 42 loci, including previously known as well as novel genomic loci regulating grain size/weight traits in rice. Eight of these identified trait‐associated loci (dispensable loci) could not be detected with conventional single reference genome‐based GWAS. A WD repeat‐containing PROTEIN 12 gene underlying one of such dispensable locus on chromosome 7 (qLWR7) along with other non‐dispensable loci were subsequently detected using high‐resolution quantitative trait loci mapping confirming authenticity of RPGA‐led GWAS. This demonstrates the potential of RPGA‐based genotyping to overcome reference bias. The application of RPGA‐based genotyping for population structure analysis, hybridity testing, ultra‐high‐density genetic map construction and chromosome‐level genome assembly, and marker‐assisted selection was also demonstrated. A web application (http://www.rpgaweb.com) was further developed to provide an easy to use platform for the imputation of RPGA‐based genotyping data using 3K rice reference panel and subsequent GWAS.
Validation of a Novel Reaction Time Test Specific for Military Personnel
Authors: Janicijevic Danica , Miras-Moreno Sergio , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro , Vera Jesús , Redondo Beatriz , Jiménez Raimundo , Garcia-Ramos Amador 
Published: November 2022

A military-specific reaction time (RT) test was developed to explore its reliability and sensitivity to discriminate between military personnel and sport science students. Fifteen male professional Spanish soldiers and 16 male sport science students completed two RT test modalities: military-specific and nonspecific RT tests. For each RT test modality, both the Simple (i.e., one stimulus, one response) and the Go, No-Go RT (i.e., true, and false stimuli, one response) were tested. The military-specific RT test consisted of a video presented through virtual reality glasses of a forest environment in which soldiers would appear from behind different bushes (stimuli) and the response consisted of pressing the button of a gun-shaped mouse (when they saw a soldier pointing a rifle at them). Both Simple and Go, No-Go RT reached acceptable reliability in both populations (coefficient of variation ≤ 9.64%). Military personnel presented a lower RT than sport science students during the military-specific RT test (p ≤ .001), while no differences were obtained during the nonspecific RT test. RT values were not significantly correlated between the military-specific and nonspecific RT tests (r ≤ .02). These findings collectively suggest that the novel military-specific RT test is an ecologically valid alternative to evaluate the information processing abilities of military personnel.
Groundwater control for construction projects in chalk
Authors: Preene Martin , Roberts Toby 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Construction excavations and tunnels in chalk can encounter groundwater challenges, including high water flow rates, instability of excavations in weathered chalk and basal instability in overlying aquitards caused by high groundwater pressures in deeper chalk aquifers. In hydrogeological settings where the chalk has been exposed to periglacial weathering during the Quaternary Period the upper zones may be degraded to structureless chalk which can potentially be of very low hydraulic conductivity (putty chalk) or very high hydraulic conductivity (chalk bearings). In deeper, structured chalk groundwater flow tends to be concentrated along fissures associated with pre-existing geological structures such as bedding planes, flint beds or faults. A range of groundwater control strategies can be deployed, including open pumping, pre-drainage pumping, shallow and deep cut-off walls, ground treatment and, for tunnels and shafts, application of fluid counter pressures to exclude groundwater. The strategy appropriate to a given site must be selected based on a thorough understanding of the hydrogeological setting and chalk weathering profile. This requires a ground investigation of appropriate scope, using suitable techniques to characterize the chalk. Borehole geophysics can play a key role in identifying discrete zones of inflow.
Preclinical Characterization of XL092, a Novel Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor of MET, VEGFR2, AXL, and MER
Authors: Hsu Jeff , Chong Colin , Serrill Jeffrey , Goon Levina , Balayan Joan , Johnson Eric N. , Lorenzana Grachelle , Wu Sharon , Leong Kevin G. , Yun Theodore J. , Wang Yong , Jiang Faming , Bannen Lynne , Lamb Peter , Xu Wei , Yu Peiwen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The multi-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor XL092 has been developed to inhibit the activity of oncogenic targets, including MET, VEGFR2, and the TAM family of kinases TYRO3, AXL and MER. Presented here is a preclinical evaluation of XL092. XL092 causes a significant decrease in tumor MET and AXL phosphorylation (P &lt; 0.01) in murine Hs 746T xenograft models relative to vehicle, and a 96% inhibition of VEGFR2 phosphorylation in murine lungs. Dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition with XL092 was observed in various murine xenograft models, with dose-dependent tumor regression seen in the NCI-H441 model. Tumor growth inhibition was enhanced with the combination of XL092 with anti-PD-1, anti-programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), or anti-CTLA-4 compared with any of these agents alone in the MC38 murine syngeneic model and with anti-PD-1 in the CT26 colorectal cancer survival model. In vivo, XL092 promoted a decrease in the tumor microvasculature and significant increases of peripheral CD4+ T cells and B cells and decreases in myeloid cells versus vehicle. Significant increases in CD8+ T cells were also observed with XL092 plus anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 versus vehicle. In addition, XL092 promoted M2 to M1 repolarization of macrophages in vitro and inhibited primary human macrophage efferocytosis in a dose-dependent manner. In summary, XL092 was shown to have significant antitumor and immunomodulatory activity in animal models both alone and in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors, supporting its evaluation in clinical trials.
Eating disorders in the preoperative phase of bariatric surgery
Authors: Simões Shirley Kelly dos Santos , Pedrosa Renata Maria Gonçalves , Calado Cinthia Katiane Martins , Cabral Poliana Coelho , Maio Regiane , Correia Maria Flora , Burgos Maria Goretti Pessoa de Araujo 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is considered the most effective obesity treatment. Obese patients have a high prevalence of eating disorders. Objectives: Evaluate the occurrence of eating disorders and eating patterns in candidates for bariatric surgery and associate eating disorders with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using electronic charts of candidates for bariatric surgery. Data were collected on sex, age, marital status, schooling, occupation, non-communicable diseases, body mass index (BMI), eating disorders, and eating patterns. Results: Among the 281 patients evaluated, eating disorders were detected in 26.7%; 10.3% had binge eating disorder, 6.6% had bulimia nervosa, and 5.3% had the night-eating syndrome. The specific eating patterns were overeating (46.6%), binge eating during periods of stress (9.3%), eating sweets (4%), and snaking (1.3%). BMI ranged from 35.38 to 59.03 kg/m² (mean: 44.37 ± 5.89). All individuals (100%) had systemic arterial hypertension, and 23.3% had type 2 diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia. Conclusions: The frequency of eating disorders was low in the sample studied, the most common of which was binge eating disorder. Non-communicable diseases were associated with eating disorders. Among the eating patterns observed, the most frequent was overeating.
Effects of kefir supplementation on body antioxidant-systems, haemolymph heat-shock protein 70 and trypsin, in the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz (Decapoda, Astacidea)
Authors: Aksu Önder , Türkoğlu Semra , Can Erkan , Erişir Mine , Kocabaş Mehmet , Kayim Murathan , Benzer Fulya 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary kefir on trypsin, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) as well as the oxidant and antioxidant status of the freshwater crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus. The experiment was performed with the four following treatments: Control group, D1, D2 and D3 (kefir supplemented diet 2, 4, 8 g/kg of crayfish body mass, respectively). Crayfish were stocked into 12 fibreglass tanks (three replicates per treatment) and fed for 45 days. Reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) in hepatopancreas and muscle were analysed to determine the status of the oxidant/antioxidant balance. In addition, HSP70 and trypsin were measured in haemolymph. Our results indicated that the activity of GSH-Px, MDA and GSH levels decreased in hepatopancreas () and muscle tissues () with increasing kefir concentration, while CAT activity increased (). Trypsin and HSP70 insignificantly decreased in haemolymph.
The politics of the lex Aquilia
Authors: Ernst Wolfgang 
Published: November 2022

Summary
Centuries of interpretation by sophisticated Roman jurists developed a comprehensive and nuanced law of damage to personal property, based on the republican lex Aquilia. This lex originated from a plebiscite and the plebeians must have pursued a comprehensible political purpose. That purpose is to be found in the ‘access to justice’ problem inherent in the legis actio per sacramentum procedure, which hindered cash-poor plebeians from engaging in adversarial trials. This grievance became pressing in the aftermath of the last secessio plebis (ca. 287 BCE) when vast amounts of property damage and destruction awaited judicial redress. For the most heinous deeds, the killing of slaves and cattle, a manus iniectio procedure was instituted that incentivised uncontested payment of reparations based on a confessio in iure. In the context of this reform, other elements of the lex Aquilia can be reconsidered, inter alia the reliance on a price from the preceding year and the mysterious Chapter II.