bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acupuncture and moxibustion for chronic fatigue syndrome: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Fang Yang , Yue Bo-Wen , Ma Han-Bo , Yuan Yi-Peng 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Research into acupuncture and moxibustion and their application for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has been growing, but the findings have been inconsistent.

Objective:
To evaluate the existing randomized clinical trials (RCTs), compare the efficacy of acupuncture, moxibustion and other traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatments.

Data sources:
Three English-language databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library) and 4 Chinese-language biomedical databases (Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang) were searched for RCTs published from database inception through August 2021.

Study selection:
RCTs include acupuncture, moxibustion, traditional Chinese herbal medicine, western medicine and no control.

Data extraction and synthesis:
Data were screened and extracted independently using predesigned forms. The quality of RCTs was appraised with the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. We conducted a random-effects network meta-analysis within a frequentist framework. We assessed the certainty of evidence contributing to network estimates of the main outcomes with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.

Main outcomes and measures:
The primary outcomes were the overall response rate and FS-14 scale.

Results:
A total of 51 randomized controlled trials involving 3473 patients with CFS were included in this review. Forty one studies indicate low risk or unknown risk, and the GRADE scores of the combined results show low levels. Among the main indicators, traditional Chinese medicine therapies have excellent performance. However, the overall response rate is slightly different from the results obtained from the Fatigue Scale-14 total score. Moxibustion and traditional Chinese medicine (Odds ratios 48, 95% CrI 15–150) perform better in the total effective rate, while moxibustion plus acupuncture (MD 4.5, 95% CrI 3.0–5.9) is better in the FS-14 total score.

Conclusions:
The effect of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of CFS was significantly higher than that of other treatments. Traditional Chinese medicine should be used more widely in the treatment of CFS.
The correlation of BTLA rs1982809 polymorphism with cancer susceptibility: A meta-analysis of 8634 participators
Authors: Chen Jian , Wang Jun , Liu Ruihao , Xiong Haiwei , Liu Yingying , Zha Mingzhi , Li Qiang , Liu Xuan , Shang Mingjun , Li Yingliang 
Published: August 2022

Background:The connection between B and T lymphocyte attenuator rs1982809 polymorphism and cancer risk has been investigated by several studies and yielded different results. Therefore, we adopted the meta-analysis method to assess the association of rs1982809 polymorphism with the susceptibility of cancers synthetically.Methods:Eligible publications were gathered by retrieving PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Wan Fang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. We utilized odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) to assess correlation intensity and performed subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias assessments.Results:Six researches that encompassed 3678 cases and 4866 controls were incorporated into our meta-analysis. The rs1982809 polymorphism was proved to be connected with cancer risk by the meta-analysis in the additive model (G vs A: OR=1.11, 95% CI=1.04–1.19,Pheterogeneity=.096). Subgroup analyses revealed that this SNP is regarded as a susceptible factor for cancers in the dominant, heterozygous, and additive model (AG + GG vs AA: OR=1.46, 95% CI=1.19–1.80,Pheterogeneity=.592; AG vs AA: OR=1.47, 95% CI=1.19–1.82,Pheterogeneity=.536; G vs A: OR=1.32, 95% CI=1.12–1.55,Pheterogeneity=.745) in Caucasians; And this SNP may increase the susceptibility to lung cancer (GG vs AG+AA: OR=1.20, CI=1.01–1.44,Pheterogeneity=.854; G vs A: OR=1.17, CI=1.02–1.33,Pheterogeneity=.232).Conclusion:The paper concludes that B and T lymphocyte attenuator rs1982809 polymorphism may contribute to cancers, especially in Caucasians, and it may associate with lung cancer.
Male nurses’ work performance: A cross sectional study
Authors: Shen Jinhua , Guo Yafen , Chen Xiang , Tong Li , Lei Guangfeng , Zhang Xueqing 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Nursing performance is closely related to the success of hospital and patient outcome. Recently, the proportion of male nurses has gradually increased. However, we do not know how these male nurses perform in clinical work. The purpose of this study was to understand the job performance of male nurses in China and to identify their risk factors.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study. We contacted all the 30 public tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province and 26 of them cooperated. All the 647 male nurses in these hospitals were given questionnaires face-to-face between April 7 and August 8, 2020. The questionnaire included demographic information and the Schwirian’s Six Dimension Scale. We also collected the family attitude and the main reason for choosing nursing. We then performed descriptive analyses and liner regressions on the collected data.

Results:
We obtained valid questionnaires from 599 individuals. The median age of these male nurses was 26 years old and the nursing age was 4 years. They were mainly distributed in intensive care unit (ICU) (36.12%), operating room (27.42%), and emergency department (23.08%). And the means of the total scores for work performance was 176.42 (standard deviation (SD) = 20.62). The result of the regression shows that length of service, relationship status, educational level, department, main reason for choosing nursing, and family attitude are all risk factors of male nurses’ work performance.

Conclusion:
Chinese male nurses are younger and have shorter working years. They mainly work in departments with higher work intensity and greater pressure. In addition, we found that years of service, education, marital status, department and main reasons for choosing nursing as factors influencing the job performance of male nurses.
Immunotherapy as a treatment modality for mucosal melanoma of the head and neck: A systematic review
Authors: Wehbe Jad , Jaikaransingh Dominic , Walker Abigail 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Mucosal melanoma (MM) is a rare disease, accounting for approximately 1.4% of all melanomas and only 0.03% of all new cancer diagnoses. Traditionally, it has been associated with a poor prognosis, with an overall 5-year survival rate of <25%. Progress in treatment has been hindered by its rarity and lack of evidence. However, studies on the treatment of subcutaneous melanoma with immunotherapy have demonstrated significant improvement in survival rates and have become a core part of oncological strategies. This paper discusses the revision of the evidence for the use of immunotherapy in the head and neck.

Methods:
This systematic review was conducted on January 19, 2019. The Medline and Embase databases were searched. In total, 509 articles were collated and screened. Inclusion criteria for the study included treatment-naive cohorts, cohorts with recurrent disease, primary outcomes with overall survival and disease-free survival at 5 years and at the longest follow-up, and studies of adults with MM in whom immunotherapy was reported as a treatment strategy. The exclusion criteria included duplicate papers, anatomical sites other than the head and neck, case reports, and those not published in English.

Results:
Fifty-two papers out of the 509 collated papers met the inclusion criteria. The results are shown as a comparison of yearly survival rates following different treatment modalities (immunotherapy vs nonimmunotherapy) at 2, 3, and 5 years. It was found that, with immunotherapy, survival rates at all intervals were higher than those without immunotherapy.

Discussion:
Immunotherapy outcomes in small studies have shown good data for increasing survival rates at yearly intervals in MM of the head and neck. Larger clinical trials are needed to accurately distinguish the efficacy and survival outcomes of immunotherapy when compared with treatment modalities, excluding immunotherapy. However, the ability to perform larger trials is limited by the rarity of MM of the head and neck.
Novel blood derived hemostatic agents for bleeding therapy and prophylaxis
Authors: Hegde Shailaja , Zheng Yi , Cancelas Jose A. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of review
Hemorrhage is a major cause of preventable death in trauma and cancer. Trauma induced coagulopathy and cancer-associated endotheliopathy remain major therapeutic challenges. Early, aggressive administration of blood-derived products with hypothesized increased clotting potency has been proposed. A series of early- and late-phase clinical trials testing the safety and/or efficacy of lyophilized plasma and new forms of platelet products in humans have provided light on the future of alternative blood component therapies. This review intends to contextualize and provide a critical review of the information provided by these trials.

Recent findings
The beneficial effect of existing freeze-dried plasma products may not be as high as initially anticipated when tested in randomized, multicenter clinical trials. A next-generation freeze dried plasma product has shown safety in an early phase clinical trial and other freeze-dried plasma and spray-dried plasma with promising preclinical profiles are embarking in first-in-human trials. New platelet additive solutions and forms of cryopreservation or lyophilization of platelets with long-term shelf-life have demonstrated feasibility and logistical advantages.

Summary:
Recent trials have confirmed logistical advantages of modified plasma and platelet products in the treatment or prophylaxis of bleeding. However, their postulated increased potency profile remains unconfirmed.
How should low-density lipoprotein cholesterol be calculated in 2022?
Authors: Martins Janine , Rossouw H. Muller , Pillay Tahir S. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of review
The reference method for low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) quantitation is β-quantification, a technically demanding method that is not convenient for routine use. Indirect calculation methods to estimate LDL-C, including the Friedewald equation, have been used since 1972. This calculation has several recognized limitations, especially inaccurate results for triglycerides (TG) >4.5 mmol/l (>400 mg/dl). In view of this, several other equations were developed across the world in different datasets.
The purpose of this review was to analyze the best method to calculate LDL-C in clinical practice by reviewing studies that compared equations with measured LDL-C.

Recent findings
We identified 45 studies that compared these formulae. The Martin/Hopkins equation uses an adjustable factor for TG:very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratios, validated in a large dataset and demonstrated to provide more accurate LDL-C calculation, especially when LDL <1.81 mmol/l (<70 mg/dl) and with elevated TG. However, it is not in widespread international use because of the need for further validation and the use of the adjustable factor. The Sampson equation was developed for patients with TG up to 9 mmol/l (800 mg/dl) and was based on β-quantification and performs well on high TG, postprandial and low LDL-C samples similar to direct LDL-C.

Summary
The choice of equation should take into the level of triglycerides. Further validation of different equations is required in different populations.
Quality of Life, Participation, and Individualized Support in a Community-Based Yoga Class: A Case Series
Authors: Tischler Dana , O'Leary Melanie 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To assess quality of life and participation in children with disabilities following a community-based yoga class, to examine the feasibility of implementing a community-based program with individualized support, and to make recommendations for the development of future programs.

Summary of Key Points:
Four children participated in a 10-week yoga class, with doctor of physical therapy students providing individualized physical and behavioral support. Children improved in components of the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) following the program; however, changes in quality of life on the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) were inconsistent. Parents provided feedback regarding the family's experience and reported that the children improved behavior, communication, and relationships following the yoga class.

What This Case Adds to Evidence-Based Practice:
A community-based yoga class for children with disabilities using individualized support is feasible and can improve participation and enjoyment in recreational activities.
The lower limb stiffness, moments and work mode during stair descent among the older adults
Authors: Ma Gang , Cao Chuanbao , Zhang Teng , Zheng Huifen , Song Qipeng , Zhang Cui , Sun Wei , Wang Jiangna 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
Lower limb stiffness strategies and work mode changes between young and older adults during stair descent are unclear. This study investigated the effect of aging on the lower limb stiffness, moments and joint work mode during stair descent.

Design
Twenty young adults and Twenty older adults were recruited from the local community for stair descent test. Kinematics and kinetics data were collected by Vicon system and Kistler force plate. The lower limb stiffness, moments and work mode were calculated and assess between groups.

Results
No significant differences in gait parameters were detected between groups. Compared with young adults, older adults have decreased leg stiffness, knee and ankle stiffness, increased peak hip extension moment, hip stiffness and ankle work contribution.

Conclusion
The older adults actively reduce the lower limb stiffness to reduce the risk of injury during stair descent. The hip joint strategy reduces the risk of forwarding falls, and ankle joint compensation work mode to make up for the lack of knee extension strength. This provides a reference for the focus of exercise intervention and rehabilitation strategies for older adults.
Single Institution Evolution in Defining an Algorithm for Prevention and Management of Severe Complications in Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Yin Zhuming , Wang Huiqing , Liu Yue , Wang Yan , Chang Edward I. , Yin Jian 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Complications including infection and wound dehiscence are major concerns for direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction. However, the risk factors associated with severe complications and implant salvage remain unclear.

Methods:
Retrospective study of all patients undergoing unilateral DTI breast reconstruction from 2014 through 2019. The risk factors associated with complications and prosthesis explantation were identified using multivariate logistic regression modeling and interaction analyses.

Results:
Among 1027 patients enrolled, 90 experienced severe complications, 41of which underwent prosthesis explantation, while 49 were successfully salvaged. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that patients with larger implant size (p=0.003), use of bovine mesh (p<0.001), adjuvant radiotherapy (p=0.047), low plasma albumin (p=0.013), and elevated blood glucose (p=0.006) were significantly more likely to suffer complications. Adjuvant radiation (OR: 7.44; 95%CI, 1.49-37.18; p = 0.014) and obesity (OR, 4.17; 95%CI, 1.17-14.88; p = 0.028) had significantly lower rates of implant salvage as well as surgical site infection (SSI) and wound dehiscence, while mastectomy skin flap necrosis was not associated with device explanation. There were no differences in complication and explantation rates between nipple-sparing and skin-sparing mastectomies. However, the combined impact of SSI and wound dehiscence added over fourteen-fold higher risk of prosthesis explantation (95%CI, 9.97-19.53).

Conclusion:
Success in direct-to-implant breast reconstruction is multifactorial. Larger implant size, adjuvant radiation therapy, diabetes, and malnutrition demonstrate increased risk of complications in the DTI approach. Surgical site infections and wound dehiscence should be treated aggressively, but the combination of both complications portends poor salvage rates.
Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction in Patients with Disorders of Hemostasis – Perioperative Risks and Management
Authors: Speck Nicole E. , Hellstern Peter , Farhadi Jian 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Surgical and technological advances have resulted in the widespread adoption of microsurgical breast reconstruction. Many comorbidities that potentially might impair vasculature and wound healing are no longer considered contraindications for these procedures. However, some uncertainty still prevails regarding the perioperative management of patients with disorders of hemostasis.

Patients and Methods:
The authors combined a literature review with a retrospective chart review of patients with disorders of hemostasis who had undergone microsurgical breast reconstruction at the senior author’s center between 2015 to 2020. Several disorders associated with thrombotic and/or hemorrhagic complications were identified, and a standardized risk assessment and management strategy was developed in cooperation with a hematologist.

Results:
Overall, ten studies were identified comprising 29 patients who had a defined disorder of hemostasis and underwent microsurgical breast reconstruction. 17 microsurgical breast reconstructions were performed on eleven patients at the senior author’s center. High factor VIII levels, heterozygous Factor V Leiden, and heterozygous prothrombin mutation G20210A were the most common genetic or mixed genetic/acquired thrombophilic conditions. As expected, hereditary antithrombin, protein C, or protein S deficiencies were rare. Among hemorrhagic disorders, thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, and von Willebrand disease or low von Willebrand factor levels were those factors most frequently associated with increased perioperative bleeding.

Conclusion:
Patients should be screened for elevated risk of thrombosis or bleeding before undergoing microsurgical breast reconstruction, and positive screening should prompt a complete hematologic evaluation. Interdisciplinary management of these disorders with a hematologist is essential to minimize risks and to obtain optimal reconstructive results.
Transplantation for chagas’ disease: closing the knowledge gap
Authors: La Hoz Ricardo M. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of the Review
This review examines the most recent literature on the epidemiology and treatment of Chagas Disease and the risk of Chagas Disease Reactivation and donor-derived disease in solid organ transplant recipients.

Recent Findings
Chagas disease is caused by infection with the parasite Trypansoma cruzi. In nonendemic countries the disease is seen primarily in immigrants from Mexico, Central America and South America where the disease is endemic. Benznidazole or nifurtimox can be used for treatment. Posaconazole and fosravuconazole did not provide any additional benefit compared to benznidazole alone or in combination. A phase 2 randomized controlled trial suggests that shorter or reduced dosed regimes of benznidazole could be used. Based on a large randomized controlled trial, benznidazole is unlikely to have a significant preventive effect for established Chagas cardiomyopathy. Transplantation has become the treatment of choice for individuals with refractory Chagas cardiomyopathy. Cohort studies show similar posttransplant outcomes for these patients compared to other indications. Transplant candidates and donors with chronic T. cruzi infection are at risk for Chagas disease reactivation and transmitting infection. Screening them via serology is the first line of prevention. Recipients with chronic infection and those receiving organs from infected donors should undergo sequential monitoring with polymerase chain reaction for early detection of reactivation and preemptive treatment with antitrypanosomal therapy.

Summary
Patients with chronic T. cruzi infection can be safely transplanted and be noncardiac organ donors.
Intraoperative Fluorescence Angiography in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Samuel Ankhita R. , Stranix John T. , DeGeorge Brent R. , Black Jonathan S. , Campbell Chris A. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Intraoperative fluorescence angiography (FA) has been described as a useful adjunct to physical examination in predicting mastectomy skin flap viability for immediate breast reconstruction. Its use has been described as a screening tool for mastectomy skin flap viability as well as a test used only for patients at high risk for mastectomy skin flap loss. We performed a national database review of implant-based breast reconstruction surgeries to determine the practice patterns of FA in this patient cohort and to determine if this technology impacted clinical outcomes.

Methods
A national insurance claims database was reviewed to select patients having undergone direct-to-implant (DTI) and immediate tissue expander (TE) placement with and without intraoperative FA as well as patients who had FA at the time of mastectomy without reconstruction. Patient characteristics that prompted FA and postoperative outcomes with and without FA were evaluated to determine its clinical impact in the observed practice pattern.

Results
Of the 48,464 patients identified, 836 had FA. More than twice as many patients undergoing DTI had FA than patients undergoing immediate TE placement (10.4% vs 5%, P < 0.0001). Twelve percent of patients receiving FA at the time of mastectomy had reconstruction delayed. Fluorescence angiography was associated with a trend toward lower overall complication rates in DTI patients (8.0% vs 11.9% without FA) but a significantly higher overall complication rate with immediate TE placement (13.8% vs 10.5% without FA, P = 0.018) and was associated with higher reoperation (12.0% vs 8.3% without FA, P = 0.037) in the TE group. There was no difference in other individual complications, readmission, or explantation for either clinical group with and without FA. Regression analysis identified obesity (odds ratio, 1.32; P < 0.001) and younger age (odds ratio, 1.74; P < 0.001) to be associated with performing FA, whereas obesity, diabetes, and tobacco use were associated with higher complication rates.

Conclusions
Younger and otherwise healthier obese patients were more likely to have FA. A greater proportion of DTI patients had FA than TE patients with improved outcomes in the former group and worse outcomes in the latter group. Obesity, tobacco use, and diabetes were associated with worse outcomes, whereas only obesity was associated with FA use.