bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modification of Indium Tin Oxide Surface with HCl for Source/Drain Electrodes in Organic Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Rong Xin , Han Jiangli , Tian Xinyu , Jiang Lixian , Li Zhewei , Xing Rubo , Shen Liping , Duan Lian , Dong Guifang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn recent years, exciting advances have been achieved in pursuing organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) with high mobility. Whereas, the economical infeasibility of Au source/drain (S/D) electrodes that are widely used in OTFTs hinders the further development of OTFTs in industry. In this study, the modified indium tin oxide (ITO) as S/D electrodes is adopted. The ITO is modified by HCl aqueous solutions, its surface work function is improved from 4.8 to 5.5 eV. By first‐principle calculations and experiments, the charge analysis shows that the Cl atom traps 0.475 electrons, which indicates that In–Cl dipoles are responsible for the increase of the surface work function, besides the HCl modification leads to In+‐Cl− bonds instead of In3+‐Cl− bonds on the ITO surface compared with the reported InCl3 modification. More encouragingly, In+‐Cl− surface is found to have higher Cl density, higher work function and higher conductivity. TIPS‐pentacene, with suitable HOMO level of 5.2 eV, is adopted as organic semiconductor, and the bar‐coating process is optimized to realize oriented films. OTFTs with maximum field‐effect mobility of 0.77 cm2 V−1 s−1 are achieved. The ITO electrodes modified by HCl can be promising in the industry.
Modeling and Performance Optimization of Louvered Fin Radiators in Negative Gauge Pressure Condition
Authors: Wan Rui , Liu Zhen , Wu Huawei , Cheng Qingsi , Ding Huafeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to study the effect of the structural parameters of louvered fin radiators on its thermal‐hydraulic performance, optimize its structural parameters, and improve the performance of louvered fin radiators in negative gauge pressure condition. The thermal calculation model of louvered fin radiator in negative gauge pressure is established. Then, the effects of design variables on thermal‐hydraulic characteristics are investigated. The second generation of nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA‐II) is applied to optimize the louvered fin heat exchanger in negative gauge pressure environment. Technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution is applied to choose the final optimal solution. Numerical simulation of the solution is conducted and the result is compared with literature in order to verify the optimization method. The optimal structural parameters are obtained under constraints. Compared with the original test piece, the heat transfer rate of optimal solution is increased by 7.7%, and total annual cost is reduced by 24.8%. The present paper establishes optimization method of louvered fin radiators in negative gauge pressure condition, the optimization result is superior to the original radiator. The optimization method can be used in the design of radiators operating in negative gauge pressure conditions.
Self‐Assembling Peptide‐Based Hydrogels for Wound Tissue Repair
Authors: Guan Tong , Li Jiayang , Chen Chunying , Liu Ying 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWound healing is a long‐term, multistage biological process that includes hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling and requires intelligent designs to provide comprehensive and convenient treatment. The complexity of wounds has led to a lack of adequate wound treatment materials, which must systematically regulate unique wound microenvironments. Hydrogels have significant advantages in wound treatment due to their ability to provide spatiotemporal control over the wound healing process. Self‐assembling peptide‐based hydrogels are particularly attractive due to their innate biocompatibility and biodegradability along with additional advantages including ligand‐receptor recognition, stimulus‐responsive self‐assembly, and the ability to mimic the extracellular matrix. The ability of peptide‐based materials to self‐assemble in response to the physiological environment, resulting in functionalized microscopic structures, makes them conducive to wound treatment. This review introduces several self‐assembling peptide‐based systems with various advantages and emphasizes recent advances in self‐assembling peptide‐based hydrogels that allow for precise control during different stages of wound healing. Moreover, the development of multifunctional self‐assembling peptide‐based hydrogels that can regulate and remodel the wound immune microenvironment in wound therapy with spatiotemporal control has also been summarized. Overall, this review sheds light on the future clinical and practical applications of self‐assembling peptide‐based hydrogels.
Human Gut Antibiotic Resistome and Progression of Diabetes
Authors: Shuai Menglei , Zhang Guoqing , Zeng Fang‐fang , Fu Yuanqing , Liang Xinxiu , Yuan Ling , Xu Fengzhe , Gou Wanglong , Miao Zelei , Jiang Zengliang , Wang Jia‐ting , Zhuo Lai‐bao , Chen Yu‐ming , Ju Feng , Zheng Ju‐Sheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe antibiotic resistance crisis underlies globally increasing failures in treating deadly bacterial infections, largely due to the selection of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) collection, known as the resistome, in human gut microbiota. So far, little is known about the relationship between gut antibiotic resistome and host metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, metagenomic landscape of gut antibiotic resistome is profiled in a large multiomics human cohort (n= 1210). There is a significant overall shift in gut antibiotic resistome structure among healthy, prediabetes, and T2D groups. It is found that larger ARG diversity is associated with a higher risk of T2D. The novel diabetes ARG score is positively associated with glycemic traits. Longitudinal validation analysis confirms that the ARG score is associated with T2D progression, characterized by the change of insulin resistance. Collectively, the data describe the profiles of gut antibiotic resistome and support its close relationship with T2D progression.
Highly Sodiophilic, Defect‐Rich, Lignin‐Derived Skeletal Carbon Nanofiber Host for Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Mubarak Nauman , Rehman Faisal , Ihsan‐Ul‐Haq Muhammad , Xu Mengyang , Li Yang , Zhao Yunhe , Luo Zhengtang , Huang Baoling , Kim Jang‐Kyo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThree‐dimensional host structures with superior sodiophilicity and low nucleation barriers can help combat the complex failure modes of Na metal anodes originating from accelerated dendrite formation, anodic corrosion, and electrolyte depletion. This work reports the fabrication of a unique super‐sodiophilic, defect‐rich and hierarchically porous skeletal carbon nanofiber (SCNF) host for SCNF@Na anodes using electrospinning of the low‐cost, renewable lignin biopolymer. The uniform nucleation and plating of Na effectuated by the hierarchically porous structure coupled with the defect‐induced formation of a resilient, F‐rich solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer offers excellent protection to the metallic anode. The defect‐rich porous structure plays an important role in mediating dense Na nucleation, planar growth, and electrochemical stability according to the depth profiling experiments and density functional theory calculations. The SCNF@Na composite anode maintains high Coulombic efficiencies (CEs) and electrochemical reversibility in asymmetric and symmetric cells. The full cells prepared by interfacing the SCNF@Na anode with a Na3V2(PO4)2F3 cathode delivers exceptional capacity retention of 106 mAh g–1 for 350 cycles with an average CE of 99.2% at 1C, and 103 mAh g–1 after 200 cycles at 4C. Such rationally designed carbon hosts derived from biopolymers open a new avenue for safe and low‐cost metal batteries.
Cover crops in a Wisconsin annual cropping system: Feasibility and yield effects
Authors: Malone Lindsay Chamberlain , Mourtzinis Spyridon , Gaska John M. , Lauer Joseph G. , Ruark Matthew D. , Conley Shawn P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCorn (Zea mays L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are important components of crop rotations in southern Wisconsin. Cover crops can protect soil and water in these systems. This study examines cover crop treatments in various crop sequences of these cash crops to determine effects on crop yield. Cover crops seeded following corn or soybean included cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) or oat (Avena sativa L.), which were either drilled after harvest, broadcast into the senescing crop, or drilled in alternating rows. Species planted after wheat included red clover (Trifolium pretense L.) or berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.), either frost seeded or drilled postharvest, as well as oat and rye drilled postwheat harvest in alternating rows. Broadcast seeding cereal rye preharvest into senescing soybean had the most successful establishment following corn or soybean. The system with the most consistent cover crop growth was winter‐hardy species established preharvest. However, this system decreased corn yield 5.8–8.6%. All other cover crop treatments had no effect on yield, but other postcorn or soybean treatments had limited growth. The highest yield for corn was observed following soybean, while soybean had the greatest yield when all three crops were present. Wheat yields were not affected by frost seeding or by rotation. This multiyear trial confirms the expected challenges of establishing cover crops in corn–soybean rotations in southern Wisconsin, while winter wheat provided clearer opportunities for cover cropping. Cover crop research in corn–soybean systems need to address the corn yield declines caused by cover crops.
Neuropathological lesions and their contribution to dementia and cognitive impairment in a heterogeneous clinical population
Authors: Godrich Dana , Martin Eden R. , Schellenberg Gerard , Pericak‐Vance Margaret A. , Cuccaro Michael , Scott William K. , Kukull Walter , Montine Thomas , Beecham Gary W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionAlzheimer disease (AD) and related dementias are characterized by damage caused by neuropathological lesions in the brain. These include AD lesions (plaques and tangles) and non‐AD lesions such as vascular injury or Lewy bodies. We report here an assessment of lesion association to dementia in a large clinic‐based population.MethodsWe identified 5272 individuals with neuropathological data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. Individual lesions, as well as a neuropathological composite score (NPCS) were tested for association with dementia, and both functional and neurocognitive impairment using regression models.ResultsMost individuals exhibited mixed pathologies, especially AD lesions in combination with non‐AD lesions. All lesion types were associated with one or more clinical outcomes; most even while controlling for AD pathology. The NPCS was also associated with clinical outcomes.DiscussionThese data suggest mixed‐type pathologies are extremely common in a clinic‐based population and may contribute to dementia and cognitive impairment.
Mechanisms of motoric cognitive risk—Hypotheses based on a systematic review and meta‐analysis of longitudinal cohort studies of older adults
Authors: Mullin Donncha S. , Cockburn Alastair , Welstead Miles , Luciano Michelle , Russ Tom C. , Muniz‐Terrera Graciela 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe aimed to refine the hypothesis that motoric cognitive risk (MCR), a syndrome combining measured slow gait speed and self‐reported cognitive complaints, is prognostic of incident dementia and other major causes of morbidity in older age. We propose mechanisms on the relationship between motor and cognitive function and describe a roadmap to validate these hypotheses. We systematically searched major electronic databases from inception to August 2021 for original longitudinal cohort studies of adults aged ≥60 years that compared an MCR group to a non‐MCR group with any health outcome. Fifteen cohorts were combined by meta‐analysis. Participants with MCR were at an increased risk of cognitive impairment (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.76, 95% CI 1.49–2.08; I2 = 24.9%), dementia (aHR 2.12, 1.85–2.42; 33.1%), falls (adjusted Relative Risk 1.38, 1.15–1.66; 62.1%), and mortality (aHR 1.49, 1.16–1.91; 79.2%). The prognostic value of MCR is considerable and mechanisms underlying the syndrome are proposed.
Association between CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and neuropsychiatric symptoms: Mayo Clinic Study of Aging
Authors: Krell‐Roesch Janina , Rakusa Martin , Syrjanen Jeremy A. , van Harten Argonde C. , Lowe Val J. , Jack Clifford R. , Kremers Walter K. , Knopman David S. , Stokin Gorazd B. , Petersen Ronald C. , Vassilaki Maria , Geda Yonas E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe examined the association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)‐derived biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in older non‐demented adults.MethodsWe included 784 persons (699 cognitively unimpaired, 85 with mild cognitive impairment) aged ≥ 50 years who underwent CSF amyloid beta (Aβ42), hyperphosphorylated tau 181 (p‐tau), and total tau (t‐tau) as well as NPS assessment using Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories (BDI‐II, BAI), and Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI‐Q).ResultsLower CSF Aβ42, and higher t‐tau/Aβ42 and p‐tau/Aβ42 ratios were associated with BDI‐II and BAI total scores, clinical depression (BDI‐II ≥ 13), and clinical anxiety (BAI ≥ 10), as well as NPI‐Q–assessed anxiety, apathy, and nighttime behavior.DiscussionCSF Aβ42, t‐tau/Aβ42, and p‐tau/Aβ42 ratios were associated with NPS in community‐dwelling individuals free of dementia. If confirmed by a longitudinal cohort study, the findings have clinical relevance of taking into account the NPS status of individuals with abnormal CSF biomarkers.
APOE genotype, hippocampus, and cognitive markers of Alzheimer's disease in American Indians: Data from the Strong Heart Study
Authors: Suchy‐Dicey Astrid , Howard Barbara , Longstreth Jr WT , Reiman Eric M. , Buchwald Dedra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele confers higher risk of neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but differs by race/ethnicity. We examined this association in American Indians.MethodsThe Strong Heart Study is a population‐based cohort of American Indians who were 64 to 95 years of age in 2010 to 2013. APOE ε4 status, brain imaging, and neuropsychological testing was collected in N = 811 individuals. Summary statistics, graphics, and generalized linear regressions—adjusted for sociodemographics, clinical features, and intracranial volume with bootstrap variance estimator—compared APOE ε4 carriers with non‐carriers.ResultsAPOE ε4 carriers comprised 22% of the population (0.7% homozygotes). Participants were mean 73 years, 67% female, and 54% had some college education. The majority were obese (>50%), hypertensive (>80%), and diabetic (>50%). Neither imaging findings nor multidomain cognitive testing showed any substantive differences between APOE ε4 carriers and non‐carriers.ConclusionWe found no evidence of neurodegenerative risk from APOE ε4 in American Indians. Additional studies are needed to examine potential protective features.
The P522R protective variant of PLCG2 promotes the expression of antigen presentation genes by human microglia in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model
Authors: Claes Christel , England Whitney E. , Danhash Emma P. , Kiani Shabestari Sepideh , Jairaman Amit , Chadarevian Jean Paul , Hasselmann Jonathan , Tsai Andy P. , Coburn Morgan A. , Sanchez Jessica , Lim Tau En , Hidalgo Jorge L. S. , Tu Christina , Cahalan Michael D. , Lamb Bruce T. , Landreth Gary E. , Spitale Robert C. , Blurton‐Jones Mathew , Davtyan Hayk 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe P522R variant of PLCG2, expressed by microglia, is associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet, the impact of this protective mutation on microglial responses to AD pathology remains unknown. Chimeric AD and wild‐type mice were generated by transplanting PLCG2‐P522R or isogenic wild‐type human induced pluripotent stem cell microglia. At 7 months of age, single‐cell and bulk RNA sequencing, and histological analyses were performed. The PLCG2‐P522R variant induced a significant increase in microglial human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression and the induction of antigen presentation, chemokine signaling, and T cell proliferation pathways. Examination of immune‐intact AD mice further demonstrated that the PLCG2‐P522R variant promotes the recruitment of CD8+ T cells to the brain. These data provide the first evidence that the PLCG2‐P522R variant increases the capacity of microglia to recruit T cells and present antigens, promoting a microglial transcriptional state that has recently been shown to be reduced in AD patient brains.
Neurodegeneration and astrogliosis in the entorhinal cortex in Alzheimer's disease: Stereological layer‐specific assessment and proteomic analysis
Authors: Astillero‐Lopez Veronica , Gonzalez‐Rodriguez Melania , Villar‐Conde Sandra , Flores‐Cuadrado Alicia , Martinez‐Marcos Alino , Ubeda‐Banon Isabel , Saiz‐Sanchez Daniel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe entorhinal cortex is among the earliest areas involved in Alzheimer's disease. Volume reduction and neural loss in this area have been widely reported. Human entorhinal cortex atrophy is, in part, due to neural loss, but microglial and/or astroglial involvement in the different layers remains unclear. Additionally, ‐omic approaches in the human entorhinal cortex are scarce.MethodsHerein, stereological layer‐specific and proteomic analyses were carried out in the human brain.ResultsNeurodegeneration, microglial reduction, and astrogliosis have been demonstrated, and proteomic data have revealed relationships with up‐ (S100A6, PPP1R1B, BAG3, and PRDX6) and downregulated (GSK3B, SYN1, DLG4, and RAB3A) proteins. Namely, clusters of these proteins were related to synaptic, neuroinflammatory, and oxidative stress processes.DiscussionDifferential layer involvement among neural and glial populations determined by proteinopathies and identified proteins related to neurodegeneration and astrogliosis could explain how the cortical circuitry facilitates pathological spreading within the medial temporal lobe.
Silaborative Assembly of Allenamides and Alkynes: Highly Regio‐ and Stereocontrolled Access to Bi‐ or Trimetallic Skipped Dienes
Authors: Pradhan Tapas R. , Paudel Mukti , Feoktistova Taisiia , Cheong Paul Ha‐Yeon , Park Jin Kyoon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA highly stereo‐ and regiocontrolled multicomponent approach to skipped 1,4‐dienes decorated with one boryl and two silyl functionalities is described. This Pd‐catalyzed atom‐economical union of allenamides, alkynes, and Me2PhSiBpin (or Et3SiBpin) proceeds without the use of phosphine ligands, instead relying on chelation through the internal amide group of the allenamide sulfonyl. A variety of alkynes, including those derived from complex bioactive molecules, can be efficiently coupled with allenamides and Me2PhSiBpin in good yields and with excellent selectivity. The synthetic potential was demonstrated through multiple valuable chemoselective transformations, establishing new disconnections for functionalized dienes. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the reaction first proceeded through borylation of the allenamide, followed by silylation of the alkyne and then reductive elimination, which convergently assemble the skipped 1,4‐diene.
Experimental investigation of Al5052‐H32/PETG hybrid clinched joints
Authors: Ouyang Yawen , Chen Chao , Ren Xiaoqiang , Ran Xiangkun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe mechanical clinching technique with an extensible die is selected to connect the metal‐polymer hybrid structure in this article. Al5052‐H32 is chosen as the metallic material. Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) was chosen as the polymer material. The connection between Al5052‐H32 and PETG is accomplished under diverse forming forces. To evaluate the joinability of hybrid joints, the dimension parameters of hybrid joints are measured by inspecting the transverse section of clinched joints. To evaluate the reliability of joints, the tensile shear test and the energy absorption calculation are accomplished. Moreover, the effect of various forming forces on the mechanical characteristics and failure mode of the hybrid structure is analyzed. The results showed that the Al5052‐H32 sheet and PETG sheet could be effectively connected. The optimal forming force is 38 kN in this experiment. Under this condition, the maximum tensile shear load and the maximum energy absorption value are 1520.16 N and 4.69 J, respectively.
Experimental assessment of the relationship between diet and mandibular morphology using a pig model: New insights for paleodietary reconstructions
Authors: Neaux Dimitri , Louail Margot , Ferchaud Stéphane , Surault Jérôme , Merceron Gildas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDietary habits exert significant selective pressures on anatomical structures in animals, leading to substantial morphological adaptations. Yet, the relationships between the mandible and diet are still unclear, raising issues for paleodietary reconstructions notably. To assess the impact of food hardness and size on morphological structures, we used an experimental baseline using a model based on the domestic pig, an omnivorous mammal with bunodont, thick‐enameled dentition, and chewing movements similar to hominids. We hypothesized that the consumption of different types of seeds would result in substantial differences in the morphology of the mandible despite similar overall diets. The experiment was conducted on four groups of juvenile pigs fed with mixed cereal and soy flours. The control group received only flours. We supplemented the four others with either 10 hazelnuts, 30 hazelnuts, 30% barley seeds, or 20% corn kernels per day. We investigated the shape differences between the controlled‐fed groups using three‐dimensional geometric morphometrics. Our results provide strong evidence that the supplemental consumption of a significant amount of seeds for a short period (95 days) substantially modify the mandibular morphology of pigs. Our analyses suggest that this shape differentiation is due to the size of the seeds, requiring high and repeated bite force, rather than their hardness. These results provide new perspectives for the use of mandibular morphology as a proxy in paleodietary reconstructions complementing dental microwear textures analyses.
Distributed finite‐time formation of networked nonlinear systems via dynamic gain control
Authors: Li Yue , Yang Ruohan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper considers a finite‐time formation control problem of networked nonlinear systems with uncertain dynamics. A distributed control approach is developed based on the consensus theory and the finite‐time Lyapunov theorem along with the technique of dynamic gain control. Auxiliary dynamics are constructed to facilitate the design of finite‐time Lyapunov. It is shown that followers can form the desired geometric pattern within finite time and track a featured trajectory given by the leader via the proposed controller, and the potential controller singularity problem resulted from the introduction of the auxiliary dynamics can be circumvented. One of the key features of the proposed control approach is that fractional powers of system states, which are required in most existing finite‐time control approaches, are removed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control approach is verified with a simulation example on quadrotor formation.