bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Thermal Spray Coating Solutions for Sliding Wear Under Starved Lubrication
Authors: Peters J.A. , Straub W. , Dorfman M. , Nicoll A.R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper describes the development of novel engineered surfaces based on thermal spray coatings for sliding wear resistance under conditions of high loading and starved lubrication. As specific examples, piston ring elements for internal combustion engines and radial bearings for medium-lubricated pumps are discussed. The properties of two coatings, SUME SOL 220 and SUME SOL 320, are compared with existing materials and coatings. It was found that SUME SOL 220 exhibited excellent sliding wear resistance under boundary (oil) lubrication. As a consequence, they are considered as attractive candidates for piston ring applications in heavy duty engines. For more corrosive applications, such as encountered in sea water environments, the SUME SOL 320 coating exhibited superior combinations of sliding wear and corrosion resistance. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Adhesion Improvement of Plasma-Sprayed Ceramic Coatings on Steel Through Boronizing
Authors: Brožek V. , Dufek V. , Neufuss K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper describes a novel application of OF-boride layers on steel surfaces. The plasma-sprayed boron carbide powder on steel was diffusion annealed to form a suitable iron-hemiboride intermediate layer with a coefficient of thermal expansion between the coefficients for the steels used and ceramic coatings to create. In the next step, this system was completed with a second plasma-sprayed layer on aluminum oxide o zirconium oxide. The adhesion of these samples was checked after dynamic loading as a result of alternating thermal loads at 600, 800, 1000 or 1200 deg C. The resulting values were compared both with the adhesion values of the same ceramic coatings on steel without a boride intermediate layer and with the adhesion values of these ceramic coatings on steel that were borated according to the classic method in a boron carbide pack with activators. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Residual Stresses in Plasma Sprayed Alumina and Chromia Coatings and Their Effect on Wear
Authors: Ahmaniemi S. , Knuuttila J. , Mäntylä T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, different aluminum phosphate sealing treatment temperatures and substrate preheating temperatures are used to produce different coating properties. X -ray residual stress analyzer is used as a NDT inspection method to find out undesired coating defects. The wear properties of plasma-sprayed aluminum oxide and chromium oxide coatings are studied as a function of spray parameters and post-treatments. The residual stress states are associated with other coating properties such as dry wear resistance. Hardness and porosity as well as microstructure compared. The aim of this paper is to find connections between residual stresses and other coating properties. It was observed that there is good correlation between stress state, abrasion resistance and sealing treatment temperature when considering chromia coatings. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Nachbehandlung thermisch gespritzter Schichten auf Magnesiumwerkstoffen (Post-Treatment of Coatings Plasma-Sprayed Onto Magnesium Alloys)
Authors: Wielage B. , Fleischer K. , Zenker R. , Schammer S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper results of the alloying of magnesium materials by a combination of thermal spraying and a subsequent electron beam surface technology are presented. The objective is to improve the wear resistance of magnesium alloys. Aluminium and copper were chosen as the alloying material. These metals can form hard intermetallic compounds with magnesium, such as MgAl2 or Mg2Cu. The vacuum plasma spraying is well suited for the deposition of these additives because of the prevention of their oxidation. Besides, the EB technology take place under vacuum conditions, and the reactions between magnesium and oxygen are prevented. Paper text in German.
Fabrication of Ti-Nitrides by Reactive Plasma Spray
Authors: Suzuki M. , Sodeoka S. , Inoue T. , Ueno K. , Valente T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Reactive plasma spray is a processing method which combines synthesis and deposition of reaction products in situ. This paper evaluates the effects of the chamber gas pressure, the plasma gas composition and the spray distance on the production of titanium nitrides by means of reactive plasma spraying. It describes and discusses the results obtained from experimental tests for fabrication of titanium/titanium nitride coatings onto steel substrates, with particular reference to the effects of pressure inside the spraying chamber. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Thermal Spraying of Titanium Carbide Composite Materials
Authors: Wielage B. , Steinhäuser S. , Schnick T. , Hofmann U. , Ilyuschenko A. , Azarova T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Thermal spraying of composite materials is an effective method for surface protection against wear and corrosive attacks. There are different possibilities to produce composite-materials for thermal spray applications. The self-propagating-high- temperature-synthesis (SHS) is a very promising method to obtain fine carbide particles homogeneously distributed in a metal matrix. In the present investigation TiC-based composite materials were applied to steel substrate samples by thermal spraying. The coating characteristics were determined by the use of different investigation methods. The results of the wear test show the great potential for industrial application. Further progress is expected from the optimisation of the thermal spray processes and the compounds composition. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Long-Term Stability of Plasma Spraying: Study on the Evolution of the In-Flight Particle State, Coating Microstructure, Voltage and Acoustic Signatures
Authors: Leblanc L. , Moreau C. , Gougeon P. , Xi J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, two long-term experiments are conducted in order to investigate the evolution of the arc root fluctuations and the evolution of the in-flight particle state during plasma spraying. Voltage as well as the acoustic fluctuations measured at three different angles are characterized while particle state was monitored using an optical integrated system, the DPV2000. A detailed study of the evolution of the gun power, in-flight particle state (temperature, velocity, diameter, particle flux) and coating microstructure is was carried out. Results showed that the microstructure of the deposited coating significantly changed during the forty-hour spraying period. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
The Thin Layer Activation (TLA) Technique for the Solution of Wear Problems in Coating Industry
Authors: Lacroix O. , Bertini S. , Scrivani A. , Sauvage T. , Bardi U. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A reliable measuring tool of surface degradation can therefore result in substantial savings in time and money for the development of machine components, lubricants, wear resistant coatings, surface treatments process, and for the control/optimization of components life time during production sites maintenance. For this purpose, Thin Layer Activation (TLA) has much to offer since it makes possible to monitor in situ very small surface material losses under real operating conditions, often without the need of dismantling the working equipment. In this paper, an overview of the TLA technology is presented, which enables wear to be measured under real operating conditions by monitoring the loss of substance caused by surface degradation. It emphasizes the benefits that this technique can bring through already tested applications in the automotive, energy, and machinery industry. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von thermisch gespritzten Schichten durch Puls-Thermographie (Non-Destructive Testing of Thermal Sprayed Coatings by Pulsed Infrared Technique)
Authors: Dvorak M. , Rupp A. , Florin C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Infrared techniques are well introduced in industry for several types of inspections. For non-destructive testing of thermal sprayed layers they couldn't be applied very successfully due to the limited resolution. Although, new developed and very fast infrared sensors combined with a miniaturised cooling system (like Stirling motors) allowing today the development of a new generation of portable infrared systems for non-destructive and fast testing of sprayed layers on large surfaces. This paper reports on results got with a first prototype of such a new designed infrared camera. It will be demonstrated that it is possible to prove coatings quality on large machine components independent of the material combination. The inspection speed is several times faster than the time used for spraying. Coating thickness measurements as well as defects like cracks or areas of bad bonding can be done with a resolution down several micrometers. Even differences in coatings quality are possible to identify, as for example the level of dilution of carbides of HVOF sprayed WC-Co coatings. Paper text in German.
Scratch Testing of Ceramic Plasma-Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Erickson L.C. , Hawthorne H.M. , Troczynski T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Plasma sprayed (PS) ceramic coatings have found widespread commercial use, particularly for wear resistant surfaces. Understanding of the micromechanical basis of macroscopic weight loss through wear is very important for the development of improved coatings and better uses for existing coatings. This paper aims to elucidate the wear mechanisms that occur when a PS ceramic coating is in sliding contact with a harder asperity, using controlled scratch testing as a model abrasion test. It attempts to relate the scratch test results to the microstructural integrity, or cohesion, of the various coatings. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Schnellthermoanalyse von Spritzpulvern (Fast Thermal Analysis of Powders for Thermal Spraying)
Authors: Bach Fr.-W. , Stoll P. , Duda T. , Bruns C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A high speed thermoanalytical method has been developed to determine the thermophysical properties of the powders used in thermal spraying. This method is based on heating the powder by means of an electron- or photon-beam in vessels made of materials with excellent heat conductivity. By comparing heating and melting behavior of powders with similar composition but different particle sizes and shapes, their properties can be determined. The suggested high speed thermoanalytical method makes it possible to investigate the heating and melting behavior of spray powders under high speed heating conditions. The results of the experiments, elaborated by this method can be used for further modeling work. Paper text in German.
Qualitätssicherung in deutschen Spritzbetrieben – Erfahrungen aus Sicht eines Auditors und eines Spritzbetriebes (Quality Assurance in German Thermal Spray Shops – Experiences from the Point of View of a Certifying Agency and a Thermal Spray Shop)
Authors: Böhme D. , Huber R. , Ohliger A. , Schumacher A.L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Meanwhile thermal spray shops may apply a comprehensive works of application and qualification standards, e.g. in the case of building up a spray shop, qualifying thermal spraying personnel, defining requirements for spraying constructions or parts and testing thermally sprayed coatings. High and reproducible quality of products and services are required by the customer. Concerning national and international competition, also pressure on prices by keeping high and reproducible quality of the sprayed coatings will be in store for spray companies. In the following, actual quality management and personnel qualifying standards are described, which are now available. Experiences of a certifying institution and a spray company made by installing a QM- System and certifying audit may serve to orientation for those who will aim at QM certification. Paper text in German.
Characterisation of Plasma Sprayed Ceramic Coatings for Advanced Industrial Applications
Authors: Gutema T. , Bracali P. , Groppetti R. , Bertini S. , Scrivani A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Zirconia and Hydroxyapatite obtained by means of Plasma Spray deposition process are candidate coating materials for use in advanced industrial applications as in wear resistance and thermal barrier coatings and biomedical applications respectively. This paper deals with the test methodology for the analysis or evaluation of some physical and mechanical properties of zirconium oxide and hydroxyapatite coatings that have been applied by vacuum plasma spraying. Results of quantitative tests are presented based on the measurement of thickness, coating/substrate interface condition, porosity, coating microstructure, surface topography and microhardness. The main phases of the experiments, the choice of instruments and their application domain, the test methodology and procedure, specimen preparation and test conditions are discussed as applied to test cases. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Sicherheitsaspekte im TS-Anlagenbau (Safety Aspects in Designing TS-Equipment)
Authors: Nassenstein K. , Kill S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The EC Machine Directive entails consequences in correlation for mechanical engineering in general with regarding the safety for people and for the environment. A few components which should be taken into consideration for the safe operation of thermal-spraying installations are explained in the contribution. The technical functioning and working modes of gas warning sensors, return protective devices and a programmable controller as a possible safety device are described. The objective is to awaken a certain degree of sensitisation on the part of the practice-oriented user to indispensable safety components in modern spraying-installation technology. Paper text in German.
Spray Gun Influence on the Oxidation of TiC+Ni-Ti Based Powders During HVOF Spraying
Authors: Guilemany J.M. , Sánchez J. , de Paco J.M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
TiC-based coatings have proven to be very suitable candidates in various areas of thermal spraying when high corrosion and wear resistance is required. The most important advantages of these coatings are their high corrosion resistance compared to conventional coatings such as WC+Co and WC+Co+Cr, but also their low density. However, the main problem with HVOF spraying these materials is their high reactivity with the oxygen necessary for the flame. In this paper, Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis-TiC+Ni-Ti base powder are processed with two different spray guns (Diamond Jet Hybrid (DJH) and CDS 100). This allows to compare the properties of the resultant coatings (wear and corrosion mainly) as a consequence of the main advantages of each variable (gun and gas) particularly in relation to the oxidation processes. It is observed that DJH coatings showed the best corrosion resistance whilst CDS coatings showed a corrosion potential closer to the steel value. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Experimental Validation of a Curvilinear Nozzle Design for Improved DC Plasma Spraying
Authors: Thomson I. , Pershin V. , Mostaghimi J. , Chandra S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the experimental validation of a curvilinear novel nozzle design. Their effect on the speed and temperature of the particles in flight, on the porosity and adhesive force of the coatings is measured and compared with conventional conical nozzle devices. The nozzle testing is performed using a Miller SG100 dc plasma torch. It is observed that the curvilinear nozzle produced denser and more uniform coatings with lower porosity and higher adhesive force. This could be achieved by increasing the flight temperature of the particles and ensuring more complete melting of the particles. The velocity profile of the particles on the substrate remained unchanged. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
HVOF-gespritzte Schichten in Wasserkraftanlagen; Herstellung, Prüfung und Erfahrungen (HVOF-Sprayed Coatings for Hydroelectrics: Process, Testing And Experiences)
Authors: Brandt O.C. , Siegmann S. , Hitzek R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the present project, the widest possible variety of coats applied by means of high-speed flame spraying are investigated with regard to their applicability to components of hydroelectric power stations. The investigations concentrate on protective coats for the wear surfaces of turbine wheels and various guide vanes. The structural shapes and specific features of different turbine wheels, forms of wear phenomena and their causes as well as experience with different materials and coatings are described. The resulting planning and stipulation of suitable testing conditions for the targeted investigations with high-speed flame- sprayed coats are also described. Paper text in German.
Modeling, Simulating and Optimizing the Robotized Plasma Deposition: An Experimental Approach
Authors: Montillet D. , Dombre E. , Valentin P. , Goubot J.M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Features and computation power available in CAD systems allow modeling of manufacturing processes to a certain extent. This paper deals with the simulation and optimization of the final coating by plasma spraying. Experimental confirmation of the model is described in and simulation results are presented. Although a number of questions regarding the formation of the coating remain in some critical cases, the results show that simple models provide a sufficient approximation of the simulated plot for off-line robot programming. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Optical Diagnostics of Heterogeneous Gas-Flame and Plasma Jets
Authors: Chivel Y.A. , Kostyukevich E.A. , Min’ko L.Y. , Ivashko V.S. , Okovityj V.A. , Kletsko V.V. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Technology of gas-thermal deposition has to be based on precise knowledge of all the physical and chemical processes wherein particles of deposited material take part, beginning from their injection into the high-temperature jet and to the moment they are completely cooled down on the surface to be covered by a coating. This paper presents some results of investigations of heterogeneous jets loaded with powder materials at a gas-flame and plasma deposition of coatings using optical methods of recording various phase parameters, including pulse interferometry with field visualization. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Duplex Thermal Barrier Coatings for Cryogenic High-Performance Rocket Combustion Chambers
Authors: VIcek J. , Huber H. , Beyer S. , Neuner F. , Voggenreiter H. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a coating system for a thermal barrier, consisting of a CoNiCrAlY adhesive layer (HVOF) and a zirconium dioxide top layer (APS), is optimized with the help of particle diagnostics. The paper describes the optimization approach for a thermal barrier coating system with the aid of particle diagnostics and considering the results of the hot tests carried out within the scope of TEKAN on the DLR technology test stand P8 in Lampoldshausen. The objective is to engineer a thermal protective coating in a duplex setup for a cryogenic rocket engine and its heat flow densities of approximately 80-90 MW/meter square. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Weiterentwickelte Gebrauchseigenschaften an Wärmedämmschichten (Enhanced Properties of Thermal Barrier Coatings)
Authors: Cosack T. , Bayer E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The application of thermal barrier coatings is increasing in aeroengines. The service life of turbine components could be improved by optimized structures of the zirconia top coating. The thermal barrier coatings on turbine blades were tested in a hot gas thermal shock test. Up to 6500 thermal cycles until first spallation a plasma sprayed ceramic thermal barrier coatings can be very well compared with the service life of EB-PVD thermal barrier coatings with 8000 - 9000 thermal cycles until first spallation. Paper text in German.
Comparison of TBC Coatings Obtained by Conventional and High Velocity Plasma Spraying
Authors: Goubot N. , Dhers J. , Ducos M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the comparison of a TBC coating obtained by a conventional and a high power plasma system. It aims to analyze the benefits of the Plazjet in terms of high productivity and high quality. The first part of this paper consists of a technical review of the spraying torches: a classical 40 kW APS is compared with the 250 kW HPPS Plazjet. The second part consists of a description of the spraying tests conditions: material substrate, powders, and qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the coatings. An additional study of the economic features is conducted to analyze the industrial point of view. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Structure and Barrier Properties of Nano-Reinforced Polymer Coatings
Authors: Petrovicova E. , Knight R. , Twardowski T.E. , Schadler L.S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper evaluates the physical properties of nano-reinforced nylon 11/silicon oxide composite coatings produced using high-speed flame spraying as a function of the process technology and the composition. The coatings were created from nylon 11 powders with starting particle sizes of 30 and 60 micrometer and with 5 to 20% by volume of 9 nm reinforcing silicon oxide particles. Corrosion tests on aluminum and steel substrates showed that the metallic substrate is effectively protected and that the corrosion resistance does not change even if the coating is exposed to salt water for 100 hours. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Thermal Spraying of Metal-Polymeric Composite Coatings with an Increased Corrosion and Wear Resistance
Authors: Borisov Y. , Sviridova I. , Korzhyk V. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper describes investigation into the effect of the inorganic fillers on structural and physical-mechanical properties of polyethylene-based composite coatings produced by thermal spraying. A comparative analysis of the thermal spraying methods was carried out using spray polymers as an example. It was found that the powder particles made of aluminum and an Fe-B alloy, which were added to the polymeric materials, act as artificial crosslinking centers. This resulted in a decreasing grain size and an improvement in the physical and mechanical properties of the coatings. At low fill levels of the polymeric materials (up to 10% by volume), the degree of oxidation of the coating material decreased during spraying. Paper includes a German-language abstract.
Microstructural Comparison of Alumina Coatings Prepared by RF and DC Plasma Spraying
Authors: Chen H.C. , Pfender E. , Dzur B. , Nutsch G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
DC plasma spraying has been widely recognized as a quick and economic way to produce all kinds of coatings (metals, alloys, and ceramics) for a variety of applications. There has been a growing interest in using radio frequency (RF) plasmas. Studies have been reported on characterization of plasma-sprayed coatings by TEM, including thermal barrier coatings, alumina coatings, and Ni-Al coatings. There are, however, no detailed studies reported on microstructural comparisons of coatings prepared by RF and DC plasma spraying. In this paper, XRD, SEM, TEM, polarizing OM, four-point bending fracture, and molten particle impact behavior are used to clarify microstructural differences between the RF- and DC-coatings. The results showed that the microstructures were much different for both cases, especially in the interfacial region between the coatings and the substrates. Paper includes a German-language abstract.