bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pericardial fat, thoracic peri-aortic adipose tissue, and systemic inflammatory marker in nonalcoholic fatty liver and abdominal obesity phenotype
Authors: Yun Chun-Ho , Jhuang Jing-Rong , Tsou Meng-Ting 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResearchers have conducted many studies about the relationships between peri-cardiovascular fat, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), waist circumference, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nevertheless, the relationship between NAFLD and pericardial fat (PCF)/thoracic peri-aortic adipose tissue (TAT) phenotypes was still unknown. This study aimed to explore whether PCF/TAT was associated with NAFLD/abdominal obesity (AO) phenotypes in different high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels. We consecutively studied 1655 individuals (mean age, 49.44 ± 9.76 years) who underwent a health-screening program. We showed a significant association between PCF/TAT and NAFLD/AO phenotypes in the cross-sectional study. We observed that the highest risk occurred in both abnormalities’ groups, and the second highest risk occurred in the AO-only group. Subjects with AO had a significantly increased risk of PCF or TAT compared to those with NAFLD. Notably, the magnitude of the associations between PCF/TAT and NAFLD/AO varied by the level of systemic inflammatory marker (hs-CRP level). We suggested that people with AO and NAFLD must be more careful about changes in PCF and TAT. Regular measurement of waist circumference (or AO) can be a more accessible way to monitor peri-cardiovascular fat (PCF and TAT), which may serve as a novel and rapid way to screen CVD in the future.
Dual RNA sequencing reveals dendritic cell reprogramming in response to typhoidal Salmonella invasion
Authors: Aulicino Anna , Antanaviciute Agne , Frost Joe , Sousa Geros Ana , Mellado Esther , Attar Moustafa , Jagielowicz Marta , Hublitz Philip , Sinz Julia , Preciado-Llanes Lorena , Napolitani Giorgio , Bowden Rory , Koohy Hashem , Drakesmith Hal , Simmons Alison 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSalmonella entericarepresent a major disease burden worldwide.S. entericaserovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is responsible for potentially life-threatening Typhoid fever affecting 10.9 million people annually. While non-typhoidalSalmonella(NTS) serovars usually trigger self-limiting diarrhoea, invasive NTS bacteraemia is a growing public health challenge. Dendritic cells (DCs) are key professional antigen presenting cells of the human immune system. The ability of pathogenic bacteria to subvert DC functions and prevent T cell recognition contributes to their survival and dissemination within the host. Here, we adapted dual RNA-sequencing to define how differentSalmonellapathovariants remodel their gene expression in tandem with that of infected DCs. We find DCs harness iron handling pathways to defend against invadingSalmonellas, whichS. Typhi is able to circumvent by mounting a robust response to nitrosative stress. In parallel, we uncover the alternative strategies invasive NTS employ to impair DC functions.
The origin of enhanced $${{{{{{{{\rm{O}}}}}}}}}_{2}^{+}$$ production from photoionized CO2 clusters
Authors: Ganguly Smita , Barreiro-Lage Dario , Walsh Noelle , Oostenrijk Bart , Sorensen Stacey L. , Díaz-Tendero Sergio , Gisselbrecht Mathieu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCO2-rich planetary atmospheres are continuously exposed to ionising radiation driving major photochemical processes. In the Martian atmosphere, CO2 clusters are predicted to exist at high altitudes motivating a deeper understanding of their photochemistry. In this joint experimental-theoretical study, we investigate the photoreactions of CO2 clusters (≤2 nm) induced by soft X-ray ionisation. We observe dramatically enhanced production of $${{{{{{{{\rm{O}}}}}}}}}_{2}^{+}$$

O

2

+

from photoionized CO2 clusters compared to the case of the isolated molecule and identify two relevant reactions. Using quantum chemistry calculations and multi-coincidence mass spectrometry, we pinpoint the origin of this enhancement: A size-dependent structural transition of the clusters from a covalently bonded arrangement to a weakly bonded polyhedral geometry that activates an exothermic reaction producing $${{{{{{{{\rm{O}}}}}}}}}_{2}^{+}$$

O

2

+

. Our results unambiguously demonstrate that the photochemistry of small clusters/particles will likely have a strong influence on the ion balance in atmospheres.
Decoupling of static and dynamic criticality in a driven Mott insulator
Authors: de la Torre Alberto , Seyler Kyle L. , Buchhold Michael , Baum Yuval , Zhang Gufeng , Laurita Nicholas J. , Harter John W. , Zhao Liuyan , Phinney Isabelle , Chen Xiang , Wilson Stephen D. , Cao Gang , Averitt Richard D. , Refael Gil , Hsieh David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStrongly driven antiferromagnetic Mott insulators have the potential to exhibit exotic transient phenomena that are forbidden in thermal equilibrium. However, such far-from-equilibrium regimes, where conventional time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau descriptions fail, are experimentally challenging to prepare and to probe especially in solid state systems. Here we use a combination of time-resolved second harmonic optical polarimetry and coherent magnon spectroscopy to interrogate n-type photo-doping induced ultrafast magnetic order parameter dynamics in the antiferromagnetic Mott insulator Sr2IrO4. We find signatures of an unusual far-from-equilibrium critical regime in which the divergences of the magnetic correlation length and relaxation time are decoupled. This violation of conventional thermal critical behavior arises from the interplay of photo-doping and non-thermal magnon population induced demagnetization effects. Our findings, embodied in a non-equilibrium phase diagram, provide a blueprint for engineering the out-of-equilibrium properties of quantum matter, with potential applications to terahertz spintronics technologies.
The Hippo pathway in cancer: YAP/TAZ and TEAD as therapeutic targets in cancer
Authors: Cunningham Richard , Hansen Carsten Gram 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a highly complex process, involving many interrelated and cross-acting signalling pathways. One such pathway that has garnered much attention in the field of cancer research over the last decade is the Hippo signalling pathway. Consisting of two antagonistic modules, the pathway plays an integral role in both tumour suppressive and oncogenic processes, generally via regulation of a diverse set of genes involved in a range of biological functions. This review discusses the history of the pathway within the context of cancer and explores some of the most recent discoveries as to how this critical transducer of cellular signalling can influence cancer progression. A special focus is on the various recent efforts to therapeutically target the key effectors of the pathway in both preclinical and clinical settings.
Optimal third harmonic injection based nearest level control of large‐scale solar photovoltaic multilevel converter
Authors: Yadav Shivam Kumar , Mishra Nidhi , Singh Bhim 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a new control approach with an optimal third harmonic injection‐based nearest level modulation (OTHI‐NLM) technique for a large‐scale solar photovoltaic (SPV) system. This system uses a single‐source multilevel converter to feed solar power into the grid. The merits of the optimal third harmonic injection (OTHI) and nearest level modulation (NLM) are considered for switching the SPV converter. A unique analysis to have an adaptive optimal injection with varying solar irradiance is conducted and compared with the well‐known carrier‐based high‐frequency switching technique. The variations of harmonics for OTHI‐NLM, an optimal third harmonic pulse width modulation (OTHI‐PWM), and a constant third harmonic injection method are analysed at different irradiance levels. This optimal injection provides benefits such as enhanced DC bus utilization (DBU), better harmonics performance at different solar irradiance levels. The detailed methodology of the OTHI algorithm, nearest level modulation (NLM) technique with an optimal quotient calculation, and an instantaneous optimal third harmonic injection (THI) in closed‐loop are presented. The comparative analysis shows the effectiveness of the SPV grid‐tied structure over well‐known ones. The power quality of the renewable energy system is investigated in dynamic solar irradiations. Moreover, simulation results are presented and validated in a real‐time test bench.
Grammage of cosmic rays in the proximity of supernova remnants embedded in a partially ionized medium
Authors: Recchia S. , Galli D. , Nava L. , Padovani M. , Gabici S. , Marcowith A. , Ptuskin V. , Morlino G. 
Published: February 2022

Aims. We investigate the damping of Alfvén waves generated by the cosmic-ray resonant streaming instability in the context of cosmic-ray escape and propagation in the proximity of supernova remnants. We study in particular whether the self-confinement of cosmic rays in the vicinity of sources can appreciably affect the grammage.
Methods. We considered ion-neutral damping, turbulent damping, and nonlinear Landau damping in the warm ionized and warm neutral phases of the interstellar medium. For the ion-neutral damping, the most recent damping coefficients were used.
Results. We show that ion-neutral damping and turbulent damping effectively limit the residence time of cosmic rays in the proximity of the source, so that the grammage that is accumulated near sources is found to be negligible. In contrast to previous results, this also occurs in the most extreme scenario in which ion-neutral damping is less effective, namely in a medium consisting only of neutral helium and fully ionized hydrogen. The standard picture, in which cosmic-ray secondaries are produced during the whole time that cosmic rays spend in the Galactic disk therefore do not need to be revised substantially.
A search for ionised gas outflows in an Hα imaging atlas of nearby LINERs
Authors: Hermosa Muñoz L. , Márquez I. , Cazzoli S. , Masegosa J. , Agís-González B. 
Published: February 2022

Context. Outflows play a major role in the evolution of galaxies. However, we do not yet have a complete picture of their properties (extension, geometry, orientation, and clumpiness). For low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs), in particular low-ionisation nuclear emission line regions (LINERs), the rate of outflows and their properties are largely unknown.
Aims. The main goal of this work is to create the largest up-to-date atlas of ionised gas outflow candidates in a sample of 70 nearby LINERs. We aim to use narrowband imaging data to analyse the morphological properties of the ionised gas nuclear emission of these galaxies and to identify signatures of extended emission with distinctive outflow morphologies.
Methods. We obtained new imaging data from Alhambra Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (ALFOSC)/Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT) for a total of 32 LINERs, and complemented it with Hubble Space Telescope archival data (HST) for six objects. We extracted the Hα emission of the galaxies and used it to morphologically classify the circumnuclear emission. We combined our results with those from the literature for additional 32 targets. We additionally obtained soft X-ray data from Chandra archive to compare this emission with the ionised gas.
Results. The distribution of the ionised gas in these LINER indicates that ∼32% show Bubble emission, ∼28% show Core-halo unresolved emission, and ∼21% of the sample have a Disky distribution. Dust lanes prevent any detailed classification for ∼11% of the sample, which we call Dusty. The soft X-ray emission is in most cases (∼60%) co-spatial with the ionised gas. If we account for the kinematical information which is available for a total of 60 galaxies, we end up with a total of 48% of the LINERs with detected outflows or inflows in the emission lines (50% considering only kinematical information based on Integral Field Spectroscopic data).
Conclusions. Our results suggest that the incidence of outflows in LINERs may vary from 41% to 56%, based on both the Hα morphology and the kinematical information from the literature. The ionised gas seems to be correlated with the soft X-ray emission, so that they may have a common origin. We discuss the use of Hα imaging for the pre-selection of candidates likely hosting ionised gas outflows.
Erfahrungen nach über 1500 Kurzdraht-ERCPs – Welche Argumente gibt es noch für den Langdraht?
Authors: Kishta Jorgert , Bojarski Christian 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungKurzdrahtsysteme sind seit über 20 Jahren verfügbar. Trotz vieler Vorteile haben sie sich jedoch in Deutschland bis heute nicht flächendeckend durchsetzen können. Warum dies so ist, wollen die Autoren herausfinden und berichten über ihre Erfahrungen mit inzwischen über 1500 durchgeführten Kurzdraht-ERCPs in den letzten drei Jahren.
Design of a Prospective Study on Pharmacokinetic-Guided Dosing of Prophylactic Factor Replacement in Hemophilia A and B (OPTI-CLOT TARGET Study)
Authors: Goedhart Tine M.H.J. , Bukkems Laura H. , Coppens Michiel , Fijnvandraat Karin J. , Schols Saskia E.M. , Schutgens Roger E.G. , Eikenboom Jeroen , Heubel-Moenen Floor C.J.I. , Ypma Paula F. , Nieuwenhuizen L. , Meijer K. , Leebeek Frank W. G. , Mathôt Ron A.A. , Cnossen Marjon H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn resource-rich countries, almost all severe hemophilia patients receive prophylactic replacement therapy with factor concentrates to prevent spontaneous bleeding in joints and muscles to decrease the development of arthropathy and risk of long-term disability. Pharmacokinetic (PK)-guided dosing can be applied to individualize factor replacement therapy, as interindividual differences in PK parameters influence factor VIII (FVIII) and FIX activity levels. PK-guided dosing may therefore lead to more optimal safeguarding of FVIII/FIX levels during prophylaxis and on demand treatment. The OPTI-CLOT TARGET study is a multicenter, nonrandomized, prospective cohort study that aims to investigate the reliability and feasibility of PK-guided prophylactic dosing of factor concentrates in hemophilia-A and -B patients in daily clinical practice. At least 50 patients of all ages on prophylactic treatment using standard half-life (SHL) and extended half-life (EHL) factor concentrates will be included during 9 months and will receive PK-guided treatment. As primary endpoint, a minimum of four FVIII/FIX levels will be compared with FVIII/FIX levels as predicted by Bayesian forecasting. Secondary endpoints are the association of FVIII and FIX levels with bleeding episodes and physical activity, expectations and experiences, economic analyses, and optimization of population PK models. This study will lead to more insight in the reliability and feasibility of PK-guided dosing in hemophilia patients. Moreover, it will contribute to personalization of treatment by greater knowledge of dosing regimens needed to prevent and treat bleeding in the individual patient and provide evidence to more clearly associate factor activity levels with bleeding risk.
Bibliometric Analysis of Publication Activity in the Field of GIANT Cell Arteritis: A SCOPUS-based Study
Authors: Bareeqa Syeda Beenish , Samar Syeda Sana , Kamal Sufiyan , Khan Fizza Zaman , Shakeel Hafsa , Ali Kanza , Humayun Syed Hasham , Ahmed Syed Ijlal 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective Giant cell arthritis (GCA) is a type of vasculitis which is more common in female gender and is closely associated with Polymyalgia rheumatic. One of its important complication include visual impairment. The burden of disease is expected to be very high by 2050 and there is a need to compile the data on most influential studies on GCA to define future strategy to deal with this dangerous disease. Bibliometrics is a statistical analysis of published literature that reflects the value and impact of a particular publication within the specific field. Aim of our study is identify the most significant contributors and their quality of contribution in the field.
Method We conducted this analysis utilizing SCOPUS database using different related MeSH terms. After a detailed screening, the list of top-50 articles were presented in the results in descending order of their ranks on the basis of their total number of citation. Most of our data comprises of publications from 1971–2012.
Result The top-50 most cited articles on GCA were published between 1971 and 2012 with the median number of citations 274 ranging from 598–187. Annals of Internal Medicine was the top ranked journal with 13 publications from the list. The highly ranked author based on the number of publications was Hunder GG (20 publications) with h-index of 40, retaining affiliation with Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States. Mayo Clinic was the most frequently mentioned institute among the affiliations. The United States was found to be the most productive country rendering most of the articles (64%).
Conclusion Our bibliometric analysis on Giant cell arteritis identifies the information which may direct future research contributions, identify field experts, guide researchers to fill knowledge gaps, and assist in research fund allocation.
Effect of Different Ceramic Materials on Fatigue Resistance and Stress Distribution in Upper Canines with Palatal Veneers
Authors: Tanaka Isabela Vitelli , Tribst Joao Paulo Mendes , Silva-Concilio Lais Regiane , Bottino Marco Antonio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate, by means of a fatigue life test, different ceramic materials used in palatal veneers to restore the canine guidance.
Materials and Methods Forty-five standardized anatomical preparations were made in extracted healthy human canines with 1.2 uniform thickness. Samples were scanned, restorations were designed and milled in polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN, Vita Enamic), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS, Vita Suprinity), and high translucent yttrium oxide-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (YZHT, Vita YZHT). Dental preparations were etched, restorations were processed according to the manufacturers' recommendations, and adhesively cemented. Then, three samples of each group were tested with load-to-fracture to determine the fatigue parameters. In addition, the palatal veneers stresses were evaluated using numerical models through finite element analysis.
Results The mean of the monotonic test for PICN, ZLS, and YZHT was 674.18 N, 560.5 N, and 918.98 N, respectively. The StepWise test was performed until specimen fracture or until suspension of the test after 1.2 × 106 cycles. Regarding survival, using the Kaplan–Meier method, PICN presented results for the mean and median of 245.21 N and 225 N, respectively; ZLS had an average of 175.76 N and a median of 168 N, and YZHT with an average of 383.30 N and a median of 366 N. Regarding the Weibull method, PICN showed results of 5.43 β and 264 η for form and scale, respectively; ZLS had 36.14 β for form and 380.67 η for scale; and YZHT presented 4.95 β for form and 417.38 η for scale. The highest stress value was calculated for YZHT, ZLS, and PICN, respectively.
Conclusions It was possible to conclude that all tested materials have the possibility of being used for rehabilitation of upper canines' palatal surface.
Prognostic Factors and Management of Colorectal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Reis Nuno Rafael Pereira , Barbosa Laura Elisabete Ribeiro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction The gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. Even though it can be found in any location of the digestive tract, the colorectal GIST is rare. With this study, we aim to review the current knowledge regarding the prognosis and management of colorectal GIST.
Methods A literature search was conducted in PubMed, and 717 articles were collected. After analyzing these studies, 60 articles were selected to use in this review.
Results The mitotic index, as well as tumor size and location were identified as good discriminators of prognosis in various studies. Surgery remains the only curative therapy for potentially resectable tumors. However, even after surgical resection, some patients develop disease recurrence and metastasis, especially those with high-risk tumors. Therefore, surgical resection alone might be inadequate for the management of all colorectal GISTs. The discovery of GIST's molecular pathway led to a shift in its therapy, insofar as tyrosine kinase inhibitors became part of the treatment schemes for this tumor, revolutionizing the treatment's outcome and prognosis.
Discussion/Conclusion The controversy concerning colorectal GIST prognosis and treatment can be, in part, attributed to the limited number of studies in the literature. In this review, we gathered the most recent knowledge about the prognosis and management of GIST in this rare location and propose two algorithms for its approach. Lastly, we highlight the importance of an individualized approach in the setting of a multidisciplinary team.
Reconstruction of Lower Eyelid with Nasolabial Flap for Anterior Lamella and Turnover Flap for Posterior Lamella
Authors: Malviya Vikas , Goyal Sakshi , Bansal Vishal 
Published: February 2022

AbstractReconstruction of full-thickness eyelid defects is done to provide a mobile lid with corneal protection, having good aesthetic quality, and acceptable donor site morbidity. Various flap procedures have been described and used for the lower eyelid reconstruction; however, the nasolabial flap is rarely employed. It is a random pattern cutaneous flap with redundant blood supply from the perforating branches of the facial and angular arteries and can be used as an inferiorly or superiorly based flap. Here, we aim to present the clinical results of using the superiorly based nasolabial island flap for reconstruction of anterior lamella and turnover/hinge flap of infraorbital skin and palpebral conjunctiva with support of conchal cartilage for reconstruction of posterior lamella for lower eyelid defect. To our best knowledge, this reconstructive combination of flaps has not been described previously for total and full-thickness posttraumatic defect of lower eyelid.
Topographically organized representation of space and context in the medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Sauer Jonas-Frederic , Folschweiller Shani , Bartos Marlene 
Published: February 2022

Significance
The neocortex is composed of areas with specialized functions (e.g., sensory versus associational). Despite this functional diversity, emerging evidence suggests that the encoding of space might be a universal feature of cortical circuits. Here, we identified a gradient of spatial tuning depth along the dorsoventral axis. A complex topography of spatial tuning properties might support a division of labor among medial prefrontal cortical subnetworks to support local circuit computation relevant for the execution of context-dependent behavioral outcomes.