bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
German guideline diverticular disease/diverticulitis
Authors: Kruis Wolfgang , Germer Christoph‐Thomas , Böhm Stephan , Dumoulin Franz L. , Frieling Thomas , Hampe Jochen , Keller Jutta , Kreis Martin E. , Meining Alexander , Labenz Joachim , Lock Johann F. , Ritz Jörg P. , Schreyer Andreas , Leifeld Ludger ,   for the German Society of Gastroenterology, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS) and the German Society of General and Visceral Surgery (DGAV) (AWMF‐Register 021‐20)
Published: November 2022

AbstractDiverticulosis and diverticular disease are ranked among the most common gastroenterological diseases and conditions. While for many years diverticulitis was found to be mainly an event occurring in the elder population, more recent work in epidemiology demonstrates increasing frequency in younger subjects. In addition, there is a noticeable trend towards more complicated disease. This may explain the significant increase in hospitalisations observed in recent years. It is not a surprise that the number of scientific studies addressing the clinical and socioeconomic consequences in the field is increasing. As a result, diagnosis and conservative as well as surgical management have changed in recent years. Diverticulosis, diverticular disease and diverticulitis are a complex entity and apparently an interdisciplinary challenge. To meet theses considerations the German Societies for Gastroenterology and Visceral Surgery decided to create joint guidelines addressing all aspects in a truely interdisciplinary fashion. The aim of the guideline is to summarise and to evaluate the current state of knowledge on diverticulosis and diverticular disease and to develop statements as well as recommendations to all physicians involved in the management of patients with diverticular disease.
Professional quality of life among Spanish veterinarians
Authors: Macía Patricia , Goñi‐Balentziaga Olatz , Vegas Oscar , Azkona Garikoitz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn Spain, the perceived professional quality of life among veterinarians has not been explored.MethodsVeterinarians were invited to complete an online questionnaire in which they answered the Professional Quality of Life scale, the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey and the Warwick‐Edinburgh Mental Well‐Being Scale. Participants were asked whether they were receiving psychological therapy or were taking anxiolytics, hypnotics or antidepressant medication. Alcohol consumption was measured using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and nicotine dependence was assessed using the Fagerström test; participants were asked whether they took illegal drugs.ResultsThe study sample comprised a total of 602 veterinarians, most of whom reported average levels of compassion satisfaction, secondary stress trauma and burnout. Emotional support and mental wellbeing influenced participants’ professional quality of life. The percentage of veterinarians in psychological therapy and/or taking anxiolytics was higher than in the general population.ConclusionsA considerable number of clinical veterinarians in Spain may be suffering from work‐related stress. Our study identifies salary, emotional support and mental wellbeing as important factors that affect the professional quality of life. Interventions to improve veterinary clinicians’ professional quality of life should therefore focus on these factors.
Monocytosis at the time of diagnosis has a negative prognostic impact in myelodysplastic syndromes with less than 5% bone marrow blasts
Authors: Kasprzak A. , Assadi C. , Nachtkamp K. , Rudelius M. , Haas R. , Giagounidis A. , Götze K. , Gattermann N. , Germing U. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe prognostic impact of monocytosis has not yet been determined in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We examined absolute monocyte counts in the peripheral blood at the time of diagnosis in 1949 patients with a bone marrow blast count < 5%, a condition we call MDS < EB1 (MDS with a blast percentage lower than that of MDS with excess blasts 1, according to the WHO classification). Monocytosis (> 600/µl) was associated with higher median hemoglobin, WBC, and ANC, and more favorable karyotype (p = .001). Nevertheless, monocytosis was associated with shorter overall survival (OS) (108 vs. 126 months, p = .002) and earlier transformation into AML (p < .001). In patients with sideroblastic phenotype, the percentage of ring sideroblasts significantly correlated with the monocyte count (p = .005), and OS was significantly shorter when monocytosis was documented (88 vs. 132 months, p = .004). The survival disadvantage of patients with MDS < EB1 and peripheral blood monocytosis suggests that these patients suffer from a CMML-like disease. Even though they are generally classified as MDS with persistent monocytosis, such patients should be considered candidates for therapeutic options employed in CMML.
A systematic description of continent ileostomy revision techniques
Authors: Ecker Nils Karl Josef , Tönsmann Mathias , Ecker Karl-Wilhelm 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Comprehensive description of surgical techniques for revision of complications of continent ileostomy (CI).

Methods
By analyzing 133 revision procedures performed over 30 years, a systematically classified approach to the appropriate techniques for CI revision surgery has been derived. Based on the anatomic site and severity of the respective complication, four classes of revision surgeries have been defined: class 1 refers to the nipple valve, class 2 to the pouch, class 3 to the stoma, and class 4 to the afferent loop. The severity of the complication or the complexity of the revision procedure is indicated by a subdivision from a to d.

Results
The surgical variants (class 1a–d, class 2a–c, class 3a–b, and class 4a–b) are shown in schematic illustrations with accompanying descriptions of technical details, the respective fields of application, and the special indications.

Conclusion
Based on these classes of revision surgeries, the specialized surgeon may find differentiated techniques at their disposal to save the CI and avoid unnecessary sacrifice of the artificial continence organ.
On the Tractability of Covering a Graph with 2-Clubs
Authors: Dondi Riccardo , Lafond Manuel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCovering a graph with cohesive subgraphs is a classical problem in theoretical computer science, for example when the cohesive subgraph model considered is a clique. In this paper, we consider as a model of cohesive subgraph the 2-clubs, which are induced subgraphs of diameter at most 2. We prove new complexity results on the$$\mathsf {Min~2\text {-}Club~Cover}$$Min2-ClubCoverproblem, a variant recently introduced in the literature which asks to cover the vertices of a graph with a minimum number of 2-clubs. First, we answer an open question on the decision version of$$\mathsf {Min~2\text {-}Club~Cover}$$Min2-ClubCoverthat asks if it is possible to cover a graph with at most two 2-clubs, and we prove that it is W[1]-hard when parameterized by the distance to a 2-club. Then, we consider the complexity of$$\mathsf {Min~2\text {-}Club~Cover}$$Min2-ClubCoveron some graph classes. We prove that$$\mathsf {Min~2\text {-}Club~Cover}$$Min2-ClubCoverremains NP-hard on subcubic planar graphs, W[2]-hard on bipartite graphs when parameterized by the number of 2-clubs in a solution, and fixed-parameter tractable on graphs having bounded treewidth.
A phase 1 open-label study to assess the relative bioavailability of TAK-931 tablets in reference to powder-in-capsule in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Steeghs Neeltje , Pruis Melinda , van Herpen Carla , Lu Vickie , Redman John , Zhou Xiaofei 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn this phase 1 open-label study, we assessed the relative bioavailability of a prototype tablet formulation of TAK-931, a cell division cycle 7 kinase inhibitor, in reference to the current powder-in-capsule (PIC) formulation in patients with advanced solid tumors for whom no effective standard treatment was available. Adult patients were randomized 1:1 in a crossover fashion to receive one dose of TAK-931 80 mg PIC on Day 1 and one dose of TAK-931 80 mg tablet on Day 3 (or the reverse sequence), followed by TAK-931 50 mg PIC once daily (QD) for 12 days starting from Day 5, before a 7-day rest period (Cycle 0). From Cycle 1, all patients received 50 mg PIC QD on Days 1–14 followed by a 7-day rest period. Twenty patients were enrolled. Median Tmax was achieved approximately 2 h post-dose of TAK-931 80 mg for both tablet and PIC. Geometric mean Cmax, AUC exposures, and T1/2z of TAK-931 were similar for both formulations. Geometric mean Cmax, AUClast, and AUCinf ratios were 0.936 (90% confidence interval [CI]: 0.808–1.084), 1.004 (90% CI: 0.899–1.120), and 1.007 (90% CI: 0.903–1.123), respectively, for TAK-931 tablet in reference to PIC. Discontinuation of TAK-931 due to treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in 1 patient. Four (20%) patients experienced a serious TEAE; none were considered related to TAK-931. Pharmacokinetics and systemic exposure profiles were similar following administration of both formulations, supporting the transition from PIC to tablet in the clinical development of TAK-931. (Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov NCT03708211. Registration date October 12, 2018).
Health behaviors, obesity, and marital status among cancer survivors: a MEPS study
Authors: Song Lixin , Guan Ting , Guo Peiran , Tan Xianming , Bryant Ashley Leak , Wood William A. , Sung Anthony D. , Kent Erin Elizabeth , Keyserling Thomas C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Promoting positive health behaviors helps improve cancer survivors’ health outcomes during survivorship; however, little is known about whether health behaviors differ by marital status. The purpose is to examine whether health behaviors and obesity among cancer survivors vary by marital status and whether the type of cancer and sociodemographic factors influence the relationship.

Methods
We examined smoking, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) among 1880 individuals diagnosed with prostate, breast, or colon cancer who were identified from the 2011–2017 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). We used Rao-Scott design-adjusted chi-square tests and weighted multivariable logistic regressions to achieve the research aims.

Results
Current smoking behavior and BMI were significantly related to marital status. Survivors who had never married were the most likely to be current smokers across all cancer types. Married survivors were the most likely to be overweight or obese, while widowed survivors were the most likely to have a normal weight. The relationship between BMI and marital status varied by cancer type. Widowed colon cancer survivors were least likely to be overweight or obese; divorced/separated colon cancer survivors were most likely to be obese or overweight. Health behavior disparities were found among cancer survivors of different age, sex, race, and levels of education and income.

Conclusions
There were relationships between marital status, health behaviors, and obesity among cancer survivors.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Our results suggested that relationship status and sociodemographic factors need to be considered in tailoring interventions to promote health behaviors among cancer survivors.
Prediction of lake water-level fluctuations using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system hybridized with metaheuristic optimization algorithms
Authors: Pham Quoc Bao , Mohammadi Babak , Moazenzadeh Roozbeh , Heddam Salim , Zolá Ramiro Pillco , Sankaran Adarsh , Gupta Vivek , Elkhrachy Ismail , Khedher Khaled Mohamed , Anh Duong Tran 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLakes help increase the sustainability of the natural environment and decrease food chain risk, agriculture, ecosystem services, and leisure recreational activities locally and globally. Reliable simulation of monthly lake water levels is still an ongoing demand for multiple environmental and hydro-informatics engineering applications. The current research aims to utilize newly developed hybrid data-intelligence models based on the ensemble adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) coupled with metaheuristics algorithms for lake water-level simulation by considering the effect of seasonality on Titicaca Lake water-level fluctuations. The classical ANFIS model was trained using three metaheuristics nature-inspired optimization algorithms, including the genetic algorithm (ANFIS-GA), particle swarm optimizer (ANFIS-PSO), and whale optimization algorithm (ANFIS-WOA). For determining the best set of the input variables, an evolutionary approach based on several lag months has been utilized prior to the lake water-level simulation process using the hybrid models. The proposed hybrid models were investigated for accurately simulating the monthly water levels at Titicaca Lake. The ANFIS-WOA model exhibited the best prediction performance for lake water-level pattern measurement in this study. For the best scenario (the inputs were $${X}_{t-1},\; {X}_{t-2}, \;{X}_{t-3}, \;{X}_{t-4}, \; {X}_{t-12}$$

X

t
-
1

,

X

t
-
2

,

X

t
-
3

,

X

t
-
4

,

X

t
-
12

) the ANFIS-WOA model attained root mean square error (RMSE $$\approx$$
≈
0.08 m), mean absolute error (MAE $$\approx$$
≈
0.06 m), and coefficient of determination (R2$$\approx$$
≈
0.96). Also, the results showed that long-term seasonal memory for this lake is suitable input for lake water-level models so that the long-term dynamic memory of 1-year time series for lake water-level data is the best input for estimating the water level of Titicaca Lake.
Hybrid model of support vector regression and innovative gunner optimization algorithm for estimating ski-jump spillway scour depth
Authors: Wang Lirong , Zhang Guodao , Yin Xuesong , Zhang Hongkai , Kashani Mahsa H. , Roshni Thendiyath , Meshram Sarita Gajbhiye 
Published: November 2022

AbstractScour hole that occurs downstream of the hydraulic structures threatens the safety and stability of the hydraulic structures. The scour around the structures is a complex and important hydraulic phenomenon; hence, it requires a data extensive research for the accurate estimation of scour depth. Although many analytical models are available for scour depth estimation, they suffer from huge limitations. In this research, the support vector regression (SVR) model and SVR ensemble with the metaheuristic algorithm of innovative gunner (SVR-AIG) models have been developed for accurate prediction of scour depth downstream of the ski-jump spillways. Field measurements including head and discharge intensity are used for developing the models. The performances of the models are compared using root mean square error (RMSE), mean average error (MAE), and correlation coefficient (CC) criteria and some statistical plots. The results showed that the hybrid SVR-AIG-based estimations (with CC = 0.987, 0.991, RMSE = 2.839, 1.987, and MAE = 2.247, 1.201) are more accurate than the SVR standalone model estimations (with CC = 0.942, 0.975, RMSE = 5.686, 4.040, and MAE = 4.114, 3.201) at the training and testing phases. This study is an important reference for analyzing the high capability of the AIG as an optimization tool in improving scour estimations of a standalone model. Also, this algorithm eliminates the trial-and-error procedure to optimize the internal parameters during the model development.
Graphical abstract
Frequency analysis of extreme daily rainfall over an arid zone of Iran using Fourier series method
Authors: jou Parviz Haghighat , Mirhashemi Seyed Hassan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper frequency analysis of annual extreme daily rainfall of 14 gauging stations located in an arid zone of Iran were performed using parametric and nonparametric approaches. The parametric methods include normal, two- and three-parameter log-normal, two-parameter gamma, Pearson and log-Pearson type III, extreme value type I (Gumbel), generalized extreme value and generalized logistic distributions. The nonparametric approach is Fourier series method. The data were fitted to all of above mentioned models and the results showed that the goodness of fit of the data to Fourier series is much better than other parametric methods. Thus the Fourier series can be used as an alternative approach for frequency analysis of extreme daily rainfall in an arid zone. In addition, the quantiles can be calculated by the Fourier series.
Aquifer-wide estimation of longitudinal dispersivity by the combination of empirical equations, inverse solution, and aquifer zoning methods
Authors: Ansarifar Mohammad-Mahdi , Salarijazi Meysam , Ghorbani Khalil , Kaboli Abdol-Reza 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLongitudinal dispersivity is a crucial parameter for the numerical simulation of groundwater quality, which is highly variable. The use of empirical equations and the inverse solution are two main methods of estimating longitudinal dispersivity. This study investigates the estimation of value and aquifer-wide spatial distribution of longitudinal dispersivity parameters using a combination of the empirical equation, the inverse solution method, and the aquifer zoning technique. The combined approach is applied to Bandar-e-Gaz aquifer in northern Iran, and Willmott’s index of agreement was used to assess the simulation precision of total dissolved solids in this aquifer. The values of this criterion were 0.9985–0.9999 and 0.9756–0.9992 in calibration and validation periods showing the developed combined approach obtained high precision for both calibration and validation periods, and the simulation shows remarkable consistency. Also, the one-way sensitivity analysis indicates that the longitudinal dispersivity is more sensitive than the effective porosity in this simulation. The investigation of the spatial distribution of the estimated longitudinal dispersivity by the combined approach indicates that the value of the parameter has a decreasing trend from the south to the north (50–8 m) in the aquifer environment, which is consistent with the changes in the characteristics of porous media in this study area. Therefore, it concludes that the combined approach provides a reliable and appropriate estimation of the spatial distribution of longitudinal dispersivity.
Computational approach for form-finding optimal design
Authors: Dasari Saaranya Kumar , Fantuzzi Nicholas , Trovalusci Patrizia , Panei Roberto 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an optimization strategy for a canopy, based on computational modelling approaches is presented. The design approach is applied to a realistic roof structure of an ecological island (waste collection centre) and has been completely redesigned with the aid of a Genetic Algorithm and a Dynamic Relaxation Algorithm. The preliminary design of the roof structure can be formulated as a shape optimization problem, involving functional needs and constraints at different scales of the structure. The proposed hypothesis solution was studied by using an optimization procedure through algorithms in the software Rhinoceros3D®/Grasshopper®. The main aim of this work is to explore different modelling approaches for form-finding that can be built from the use of numerical simulations based on algorithms. To this aim, the need to meet various requirements (structural, functional, formal) involving a team of architects and engineers can be interpreted as a matter of structural optimization.
Aircraft sequencing under the uncertainty of the runway occupancy times of arrivals during the backtrack procedure
Authors: Dönmez K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn some small airports, a parallel taxiway is not built due to space restrictions or financial issues; hence, the runway itself is often used as a taxiway in this type of airport. After touch down, aircraft move to the U-turn area at the end of the runway and turn 180 degrees, then move back to the desired point, such as a gate or the apron, using the runway. The runway is blocked to other arrivals and departures during this process. This process, called backtrack or back-taxi, can result in high delays for both arrivals and departures. Runway occupancy times (ROTs) vary depending on numerous conditions, including pilot performance, weather conditions, aircraft type, etc. Although there are speed restrictions and procedures announced in advance, the actual performance can be uncertain. In addition, most aircraft can make a U-turn as soon as they sufficiently reduce their speed before they reach the U-turn area especially if they are already delayed. These situations bring enormous uncertainties for traffic management at such an airport. Controllers may need help to sequence aircraft, particularly in busy traffic. In this study, a stochastic mathematical model is developed to sequence arrival/departure operations at such an airport considering the ROT uncertainties of arrivals. The objective function of the developed model is determined as the minimisation of the total delay. ROT data was obtained by observing radar tracks of 120 arriving flights. Reasonable ROT scenarios with various probabilities to represent ROT uncertainties were integrated into the mathematical modeling. In addition, two different sequencing approaches are presented as well as the first come first serve (FCFS) approach. As a result, the proposed stochastic approach provides robust sequences applicable for all ROT scenarios with significant delay savings up to an average of 18.4% and 39.5% compared to deterministic and FCFS approaches, respectively.
Phonological features emerge substance-freely from the phonetics and the morphology
Authors: Boersma Paul , Chládková Kateřina , Benders Titia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTheories of phonology claim variously that phonological elements are either innate or emergent, and either substance-full or substance-free. A hitherto underdeveloped source of evidence for choosing between the four possible combinations of these claims lies in showing precisely how a child can acquire phonological elements. This article presents computer simulations that showcase a learning algorithm with which the learner creates phonological elements from a large number of sound–meaning pairs. In the course of language acquisition, phonological features gradually emerge both bottom-up and top-down, that is, both from the phonetic input (i.e., sound) and from the semantic or morphological input (i.e., structured meaning). In our computer simulations, the child's phonological features end up with emergedlinksto sounds (phonetic substance) as well as with emergedlinksto meanings (semantic substance), withoutcontainingeither phonetic or semantic substance. These simulations therefore show that emergent substance-free phonological features are learnable. In the absence of learning algorithms for linking innate features to the language-specific variable phonetic reality, as well as the absence of learning algorithms for substance-full emergence, these results provide a new type of support for theories of phonology in which features are emergent and substance-free.