bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between decision-making autonomy and training on facility-level management performance of primary health care facilities in Odisha, India
Authors: Desai Eesha , Bell Griffith , Woodbury Sam , Kim June-Ho , Ratcliffe Hannah , Schwarz Dan 
Published: August 2022

Background: Primary health care quality remains poor in many countries, despite its importance for universal health coverage. Evidence shows that better management of primary health care facilities improves service quality, and that facility managers’ autonomy and training levels can augment their management performance. In India, there is scant research in this area. Research questions include: 1) What is the effect of facility-level autonomy on management performance and is the effect modified by management training? 2) Which aspects of facility management are most sensitive to facility-level autonomy and is the effect augmented by management training? Methods: Using a multi-stage, regionally representative survey of health facilities in Odisha (n=396), a validated tool was used to measure management performance. An “autonomy score” was created to understand which facility management decisions are within a manager’s capacity. Multivariable linear regressions were used to assess the association of decision-making autonomy and management training with performance scores. Results: The mean performance score across all facilities was 0.657 (SD = 0.148) on a 0-1 scale; the mean autonomy score was 0.619 (SD = 0.305). Autonomy scores were not associated with a significant difference in performance scores; however, management training had an independent positive association with the human resources and monitoring domains of facility management. Conclusion: In Odisha, India management training may improve management performance, and targeted training initiatives may strengthen a primary care facility’s ability to retain staff and monitor performance. Our data did not demonstrate a significant association between decision-making autonomy and management performance, highlighting a need for further study on how decision-making autonomy may augment a manager’s ability to leverage their skills to improve facility outcomes. In summary, neither management training nor decision-making autonomy alone will sufficiently improve primary care management but targeting the improvement of management training may improve a subset of performance outcomes.
The use of dietary supplements in preconception phase of women in Lublin province in the era before the COVID pandemic
Authors: Szwed Monika , Iwaniszyn-Zapołoch Klara , Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar  , Wierzchowska-Opoka Magdalena , Leszczyńska-Gorzelak Bożena 
Published: August 2022

Introduction and purpose
Nutrition in the preconception phase as well as during pregnancy represents one of the most important factors that affect the development and well-being of the fetus and newborn. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary supplements during preconception among Polish women from the Lublin Province.

Material and methods
The survey was conducted in a population of 260 women, who were randomly included in the study. The women were asked to anonymously complete a questionnaire regarding the possible intake of supplementation. The questions included in the questionnaire concerned the frequency and type of dietary supplements taken.

Results
A slight majority of women (53%) did not take dietary supplements during the contraceptive period. The most commonly used was folic acid (45%), the least frequently - vitamin A (2%). The frequency of using dietary supplements by women in the pre-conception period does not correlate with the level of their place of residence, financial situation or age, however, it is related to the level of education - people with higher education used supplementation more often before pregnancy. Women's awareness of supplementation during pregnancy increases significantly. Women take many more supplements during pregnancy than they took before pregnancy. The average supplementation before pregnancy was 0.48, and during pregnancy it increases significantly and amounts to 0.83.

Conclusions
Women's awareness of supplementation during pregnancy increases significantly. Women take many more supplements during pregnancy than they took before pregnancy.The awareness of women should be increased and supplementation of recommended nutrients should be improved in order to prevent the effects of supplements deficiency.
Molded high curvature core-aligned micro-lenses for single-mode fibers
Authors: Guessoum Assia , Hajj Tony , Bouaziz Djamila , Chabrol Gregoire , Pfeiffer Pierre , Demagh Nacer-E. , Lecler Sylvain 
Published: August 2022

A polymer-based fiber micro-lens molding fabrication technique with, to our knowledge, unprecedented performances is presented along with its advantages and applications. This technique is a fast and affordable tool to achieve a wide variety of possible spherical and aspherical micro-lens sizes and curvatures. The alignment of the micro-lens mold with the fiber core receiving the lens is done optically, which allows high precision. Using the proposed technique, different micro-lenses are fabricated. Then the output beams of two different micro-lenses on single-mode fibers are characterized. Fiber micro-lenses with curvature as small as 5 µm are achieved. This shows how low curvature micro-lenses can achieve collimation and how high curvature ones on single-mode fibers lead to high focusing (

F
W
H
M

=
λ

) that is much smaller than what most conventional commercial techniques can reach. Given that this technique imposes no stress and causes no damage to the fiber receiving the micro-lens, it presents a significant potential for compatibility with non-silica-based and micro-structured fibers such as photonic crystal and quasi-crystal fibers.
CMOS-compatible, broadband, and polarization-independent edge coupler for efficient chip coupling with standard single-mode fiber
Authors: Wang Linghua , Han Fengyang , Chen Huaixi , Huang Jiwei , Zhang Yazhen , Zhang Xinbin , Feng Xinkai , Wei Rongshan , Wang Shaohao , Zhu Minmin 
Published: August 2022

A CMOS-compatible, broadband, and polarization-independent edge coupler for efficient chip coupling with standard single-mode fiber is proposed. Three layers of a silicon nitride waveguide array with the same structures are used in the top oxide cladding of the chip to achieve high coupling efficiency and to simplify the mode transformation structure. Optimal total coupling loss at the wavelength of 1550 nm,

−

0.49

d
B

for TE mode polarization and

−

0.92

d
B

for TM mode polarization is obtained. The

−

1

d
B

bandwidth is beyond 160 nm for TE mode polarization and

∼

130

n
m

for TM mode polarization, respectively. A significant reduction in the packaging cost of silicon photonic chips is anticipated. Meanwhile, the structure holds vast potential for on-chip three-dimensional photonic integrations or fiber-to-chip, chip-to-chip optical interconnections.
Structural and functional biomarkers of the effect of navigational repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with drug-resistant depression
Authors: Poydasheva A. G. , Sinitsyn D. O. , Bakulin I. S. , Suponeva N. A. , Piradov M. A. 
Published: August 2022

The use of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with a drug-resistant depressive episode is associated with a high variability of its effect, which determines the relevance of the search for predictive biomarkers of the effect.Objective: to search for neuroimaging biomarkers of the clinical effectiveness of navigational rTMS in patients with a drug-resistant depressive episode.Patients and methods. The study included 30 patients with a drug resistant depressive episode who underwent 20 sessions of navigational highfrequency rTMS of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of the left hemisphere. We performed an analysis of correlations between functional connectivity and gray matter volume (GMV) in given areas (before rTMS) with the degree of reduction in the Beck score for assessment of depression and the presence of a clinically significant response to therapy.Results and discussion. A relationship was shown between the clinical effect and low values of functional connectivity between the subgenual cingulated cortex and DLPFC of the right hemisphere. A relationship was found between a decrease in the severity of symptoms of depression and the volume of GMV in the insula, inferior frontal gyrus, temporal pole, superior temporal gyrus, and median cingulate cortex of the left hemisphere, as well as a relationship between the presence of a significant response to therapy and the volume of GMV in the insula, inferior frontal gyrus, temporal pole and superior temporal gyrus on the left.Conclusion. The obtained results may become a prerequisite for the development of individual predictive biomarkers of the effectiveness of rTMS in patients with a resistant depressive episode.
Theoretical investigations on the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer in the solvated 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde carbohydrazone
Authors: Huang Jing , Yang Lei , Fu Minglian , Chen Zhangxu , Huang Xiaojin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The vast applications of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde-derived systems in the sensors originate from their unusual excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) fluorescence in the molecules. The mechanism of ESIPT fluorescence in the solvated 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde carbohydrazone (HNLSC) system was investigated by ab initio time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculation. The solvation stabilized both ground state and excited state in the enol form, and the medium intramolecular interaction ensured the bond break, bond-forming and proton transfer in the conversion from excited enol form to keto form. ESIPT reaction from the enol form to the keto form had a low barrier of 2.54 kcal mol−1 in the cyclohexane solvation, and all the calculated emission was consistent with the experimental findings. Moreover, the disaggregation of excited enol form was favoured instead of the IPT conversion to keto form, vanishing the specific ESIPT pathway in the protic surroundings. Our research can give a meaningful insight into the two kinds of fluorescence spectroscopy in the HNISC system found by experimental measurement and be potential guidance to the application of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde-derived systems in the development of new-type sensors, nonlinear optical materials and biochemical probes.
Implication of grain-boundary structure and chemistry on plasticity and failure
Authors: Dehm Gerhard , Cairney Julie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFailure processes are often linked to interfaces, their atomistic structure and chemistry. Therefore, a detailed understanding of failure processes requires knowledge of structural and chemical interface states as a prerequisite. Recent advances in transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography allow this information to be gathered with the highest spatial and chemical resolution. Insights on how strength, ductility, and toughness can be manipulated by grain-boundary complexions (i.e., grain-boundary state transitions) due to their impact on grain-boundary cohesion as well as dislocation–grain-boundary interaction processes have been recently gained. Making use of the multidimensional space spanned by grain boundaries concerning their atomic structure, chemical composition, grain-boundary inclinations and defects will enable new concepts for grain-boundary engineering of mechanical properties.
Graphical abstract
Functional profiling of Achillea fragrantissima (a perennial edible herb) against human cancer cells and potential nutraceutical impact in neutralizing cell proliferation by interfering with VEGF and NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Ullah Mohammad Fahad , Ahmad Aamir , Bhat Showket H. , Abuduhier Faisel M. , Mustafa Syed Khalid , Al-Qirim Tariq 
Published: August 2022

Chemoprevention with alternative approaches is emerging as a significant component of therapeutic regimen for the management of various diseases in human population including cancer. The concept of personalized nutrition is attracting considerable interest as an effective and affordable strategy in the prevention of chronic diseases. It is acknowledged that diet-derived agents or non-dietary natural products are not only the source of traditional medicines but also the lead compounds for currently used pharmaceuticals with excellent efficacy against a number of human diseases. Achillea species (Asteraceae) are considered as functional foods, which are important constituents of traditional medicine and commonly consumed as herbal tea or food additives worldwide. The studies presented herein demonstrate the effects of the hydro-methanolic extract of A. fragrantissima against a panel of cancer cells that include breast cancer (MDA-MB-231,MCF-7,SKBR3), pancreatic cancer (BxPC-3, MiaPaCa-2), prostate cancer (LNCaP,C4-2B,PC-3), and lung cancer (A549). The experimental results presented in the study show that the extract, which is rich in structurally diverse phytochemicals, effectively inhibits the cell growth and induces apoptotic cell death in human cancer cells. The treatment of the cancer cells with the extract resulted in a progressive decrease in cell migration and invasiveness, demonstrating an effective anti-metastatic activity. The mechanism by which the extract exerts its effects against cancer cells potentially engages NF-κB signaling and downregulation of its target cytokines such as VEGF. The study provides evidence that partially support the importance of functional foods and highlights their significance in disease prevention.
Radio and the consolidation of Portuguese identity: a critical assessment of compliance monitoring by the ERC
Authors: Lameiras Mariana , Sousa Helena 
Published: August 2022

The promotion of Portuguese language and culture through radio broadcasters is one of the statutory requirements established by law. Considering that the state media regulatory body (Entidade Reguladora para a Comunicação Social - ERC) is responsible for regulating and monitoring media activity in Portugal, it shall verify compliance with these rules which are postulated by a system of quotas for the Portuguese music broadcasting. We consider this system an essential starting point in order to assess the quest for the Portuguese identity and consolidation through radio. This assessment is based on a certain understanding of language: a legalistic approach derived from the wording of the law that foresees language as a crucial element for the definition of a so-called Portuguese identity and as a constitutive premise of a cultural pattern.
Bearing in mind the legal framework for the radio and for the regulatory body, we scrutinize broadcasters’ performance according to the established system of quotas through the analysis of the regulatory body’s findings stated in the ERC’s 2009 Report of Regulation.
This article deconstructs the significance of the system of quotas for the Portuguese music broadcasting considering a regulatory approach on behalf of legal imperatives in terms of identity, language and culture promotion, trying to answer some questions: What are radio broadcasters expected to do? What legal imperatives do they have to follow? Do they actually comply with them? What kind of intervention does the Portuguese regulatory body develop in this matter?
A montra jornalística na estação pandémica: análise das capas do Correio da Manhã, Jornal de Notícias e Público
Authors: Neto Livino , Cardoso Gustavo , Telo Décio 
Published: August 2022

Neste artigo, que é uma síntese de um estudo realizado no MediaLab CIES-Iscte , parte-se da ideia de pandemia enquanto evento mediático e da mediatização como aspeto estruturante da narrativa jornalística, para propor três modelos de montras jornalísticas – de saldos, de produto e de diversidade em que se considera as características e critérios de noticiabilidade adotados por cada um dos veículos analisados. A análise englobou três dimensões: a distribuição do conteúdo no espaço físico e hierárquico do jornal (manchete, centro e periferia); as marcas, que podem ser palavras destacadas nos títulos e chamadas; e os recursos imagéticos utilizados.
A pesquisa teve em conta 90 capas dos jornais Correio da Manhã, Jornal de Notícias e Público publicadas durante os primeiros 30 dias de cobertura da pandemia em Portugal, divididos em três ciclos: o primeiro, entre a divulgação dos primeiros casos identificados de COVID-19 em Portugal (3 de março de 2020) e a declaração do estado de alerta em Portugal (12 de março); o segundo, desde o encerramento das escolas (13 de março) à véspera da notícia do decreto presidencial que autoriza ao governo decretar estado de emergência (18 de março); o terceiro, da repercussão do decreto presidencial (19 de março) até à véspera da aprovação do decreto de emergência na Assembleia da República (1 de abril).
O estudo conclui que as narrativas nas capas dos jornais são diferentes entre si e afetadas pelos modelos de montras, os quais refletem a dicotomia entre os interesses jornalísticos e os interesses comerciais, questionando se o público-modelo que norteia a construção das diferentes montras é apenas um, entre vários possíveis, “retrato-robô”, para fazer «vender» jornais, ou um claro identificador sociocultural dos públicos da imprensa escrita portuguesa?
Podcasting e pandemia. Da portabilidade e mobilidade ao confinamento e universos pessoais interconectados
Authors: Paisana Miguel , Martins Ruben 
Published: August 2022

A pandemia da Covid-19 trouxe consigo um conjunto de impactos e consequências, alguns dos quais de tipologia e dimensão ainda desconhecidas. O conjunto de práticas comunicacionais e de consumo de media não é excepção, tendo-se observado durante o confinamento de Março / Abril de 2020 uma alteração significativa dos padrões habitualmente atribuídos à sociedade portuguesa.
O podcasting, enquanto formato intrinsecamente relacionado com aspectos como a portabilidade e a facilidade de acesso e consumo, enfrenta neste contexto um processo de reenquadramento comunicacional muito significativo, na medida em que as dimensões relevantes do seu consumo estão fortemente associadas aos paradigmas da mobilidade. Essa é, no entanto, apenas uma dimensão relativa da mudança que o formato atravessa, sendo simultânea ao crescente interesse dos modelos plataformizados e fechados de distribuição de conteúdos e à crescente relevância da dimensão social do áudio e, em particular, da voz enquanto ferramenta de aproximação ao outro.
Neste artigo é explorada a materialização da mudança observada no formato em virtude da pandemia. Partindo da observação das dinâmicas de consumo em Portugal, procura-se reflectir sobre a forma como o formato é pensado, desenvolvido e operacionalizado pela esfera da produção. Para tal são observadas as dinâmicas de consumo de podcasts em Portugal, recorrendo a uma amostra representativa da população, e os padrões de consumo por género e por fonte em período pré (Dezembro de 2018) e pós-pandemia (Dezembro de 2020).
A análise realizada permite constatar que o podcasting terá adquirido, do ponto de vista do consumo, uma configuração orgânica coincidente com uma a comunicabilidade confinada. Do ponto de vista da produção, a pandemia não trava um crescimento exponencial da oferta, em termos de diversidade e quantidade, que redunda numa maior competitividade dos formatos existentes.
Rebuilding investigative journalism. Collaborative journalism: sharing information, sharing risk
Authors: Coelho Pedro , Rodrigues Inês Alves 
Published: August 2022

This article details the role of collaborative journalism during the process of rebuilding investigative journalism at its core thus assuring enduring investment in its quality.
We will start by characterizing the concepts of investigative journalism and collaborative journalism, using leading scholars in both of these complementary areas; we will, then, identify the pressures that constrains investigative journalism, and analyse how journalistic collaboration has a potential for resistance that can protect both investigative journalism and the journalists who practice it.
Our article path will be complemented with the case study of the “Daphne Project”, the first project of the consortium “Forbidden Stories”, the international platform created by Laurent Richard. This project will be characterized through a documentary analysis and with interviews we conducted with both its founder, Laurent Richard, and Mathew Caruana Galizia, the son of Daphne Caruana Galizia, the Maltese journalist murdered on October 16th 2017, during her investigations.
The Daphne Project was created for the purpose of keeping alive stories of journalists who have been killed, imprisoned or, for some reason, were unable to pursue their investigations.
Not only does collaborative journalism protect investigative journalism and investigative journalists, but cross-borders collaboration also allows “sharing the risk across a wide range of international players” (Sambrook, 2017).
If the absolute exposure of the lonely investigative journalist turns him/her into a target in territories where freedom of speech is threatened, the murder of this Maltese journalist, followed by the murder of Slovakian Ján Kuciak, in 2018, placed Europe as an unlikely set on the risk map.
While acknowledging the problems caused by international consortium of journalists, this research highlights, above all, how these partnerships, anchored in "radical sharing" (Guevara, 2016), are contributing to enhance investigative journalism.
O niilismo de Cláudia Tomaz como prenúncio de um cinema português centrado no miserabilismo humano
Authors: Pereira Ana Catarina 
Published: August 2022

Cláudia Tomaz é uma das representantes de uma nova geração de realizadores portugueses que começa a filmar nos últimos anos do século XX. Após ter terminado a licenciatura em Ciências da Comunicação, pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, teve oportunidade de trabalhar com algumas das maiores referências cinematográficas nacionais, como Paulo Rocha, Pedro Costa e José Álvaro Morais. Realizou várias curtas-metragens financiadas pela Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, documentários experimentais de produção independente e duas longas-metragens - Noites (prémio de melhor filme na semana da crítica no Festival de Veneza, em 2000) e Nós (prémio Bocallino no Locarno Film Festival, em 2003, na Suíça). Reside actualmente em Londres e não considera, de todo, a hipótese de voltar a Portugal.
O presente artigo é uma proposta de análise fílmica centrada na primeira longa-metragem de Cláudia Tomaz. A metodologia utilizada não será, no entanto, a mais tradicional, no sentido da identificação da Escola a que a realizadora pertence, no estudo detalhado dos planos e técnicas utilizados ou numa análise cuidada da imagem e do som. Em vez disso, propomos uma reflexão teórica sobre os principais objectivos, valores e ideias que o filme reúne em si, sem deixar de elaborar um juízo crítico relativamente ao filme e à evolução que o percurso cinematográfico da realizadora conheceu nos últimos anos. Destacando aqueles que consideramos serem os principais traços de um estilo e identidade da realizadora, reflectimos ainda sobre a presença das mesmas características numa cinematografia nacional dominante.