bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of bio-agents, synthetic insecticides and organic amendment against the root-knot nematode, <i>Meloidogyne</i> spp. in cardamom [<i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> (L.) Maton]
Authors: T. Sathyan , M. K. Dhanya , M. Murugan , K. Ashokkumar , T. S. Aswathy , R. Narayana , K. B. Deepthy 
Published: March 2022

<p> Investigations were made to study the effects of three nemato-pathogenic fungi<em> viz.</em> <em>Purpureocillium lilacinum</em>, <em>P. lilacinum</em> + neem cake, <em>Pochonia chlamydosporia</em> and<em> Trichoderma</em> sp. as well as two synthetic insecticides (cartap hydrochloride and carbosulfan) against the Root-knot Nematodes (RKN) of cardamom at the farmers’ fields in three locations of Idukki district, Kerala, India during 2016- 2019. Results revealed that the combined application of <em>P. lilacinum</em> with neem cake gave maximum reduction of typical symptoms of infestation like the leaf narrowing (6.42%) and root knot formation (1.32 nos.) followed by <em>P. chlamydosporia</em> with 8.04% narrowed leaves and 1.83 root knots. The application of <em>P. lilacinum</em> and neem cake in combination (0.82 kg/plant and 2.99) followed by<em> P. chlamydosporia</em> (0.71 kg/plant and 2.71 recorded highest yield and Benefit Cost Ratio, respectively). Bio-control agents are therefore efficient and environmentally safer for managing the RKN in cardamom. Future studies can be directed to focus on the compatibility and efficiency enhancement of these bio-agents with organic amendments.</p>
Badania statycznej wytrzymałości strukturalnej zaczynów cementowych o obniżonej gęstości przeznaczonych do uszczelniania otworów wiertniczych
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Rzepka Marcin , Kędzierski Miłosz ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: March 2022

Prezentowany artykuł jest rozwinięciem zagadnień z zakresu technologii zaczynów uszczelniających dotyczących tzw. procesów żelowania (tj. narastania w zaczynach cementowych statycznej wytrzymałości strukturalnej w trakcie procesu wiązania). W zdecydowanej większości dotychczasowych publikacji w czasopismach naukowych i branżowych omawiano jedynie badania procesów żelowania zaczynów o tzw. normalnej gęstości, wynoszącej około 1800–1900 kg/m3. W niniejszym artykule skoncentrowano się na zagadnieniu narastania statycznej wytrzymałości strukturalnej zaczynów cementowych, których gęstość kształtuje się na poziomie 1450–1600 kg/m3. Analizując badania prowadzone na świecie należy podkreślić, że w procesie przeciwdziałania ewentualnym ekshalacjom gazowym z przestrzeni pierścieniowej tempo żelowania zaczynu cementowego odgrywa niezwykle istotną rolę. Dotyczy to zarówno zaczynów o normalnej, jak i o obniżonej gęstości. Po zabiegu wytłoczenia zaczynu poza rury okładzinowe znajduje się on początkowo w stanie płynnym i działa na złoże jako ciecz (poprzez wytworzone ciśnienie hydrostatyczne). Następnie po określonym czasie w zaczynie następuje budowa statycznej wytrzymałości strukturalnej SGS (ang. static gel strength), co powoduje stopniowy spadek ciśnienia hydrostatycznego. Proces ten trwa aż do momentu związania cementu. W Instytucie Nafty i Gazu – Państwowym Instytucie Badawczym opracowano szereg receptur innowacyjnych zaczynów cementowych o obniżonej gęstości, do których wprowadzono dodatki nanokomponentów oraz polimeru wielkocząsteczkowego. Gęstość zaczynów obniżano za pomocą dodatku różnych koncentracji mikrosfer. Receptury lekkich zaczynów, które zawierały w odpowiedniej koncentracji wielkocząsteczkowy polimer o symbolu GS, a także te zawierające nanokomponenty w postaci n-SiO2 i n-Al2O3 cechowały się bardzo korzystnym przebiegiem krzywej żelowania (tj. szybkim narastaniem statycznej wytrzymałości strukturalnej). Lekkie zaczyny cementowe o najkorzystniejszych parametrach, tj. krótkich czasach przejścia TT (ang. transition time), mogą znaleźć zastosowanie w procesie cementowania kolumn rur okładzinowych w otworach wiertniczych – zwłaszcza w warstwach słabo zwięzłych lub horyzontach o obniżonym gradiencie ciśnienia złożowego.
Zarządzanie temperaturą w bateriach samochodów elektrycznych – przegląd systemów chłodzenia
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Skibińska Agnieszka , Stępień Zbigniew ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Żółty Magdalena ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: March 2022

Polska jest jednym z największych rynków samochodów osobowych w Europie pod względem sprzedaży, zajmując szóste miejsce wśród krajów Unii Europejskiej i Europejskiego Stowarzyszenia Wolnego Handlu. Chociaż we flocie samochodów osobowych w Polsce dominują obecnie samochody z silnikami spalinowymi, kraj jest zaangażowany w zwiększanie liczby i udziału elektrycznych samochodów osobowych. Prawie 12 300 elektrycznych samochodów osobowych jeździło po polskich drogach do czerwca 2020 r. Ponad 56% z nich stanowiły pojazdy elektryczne na baterie (BEV). W niniejszym artykule zebrano informacje dotyczące stosowanych w samochodach elektrycznych systemów zarządzania temperaturą baterii. Przedstawiono sposoby chłodzenia z wykorzystaniem powietrza, czynnika chłodniczego, różnego rodzaju cieczy, materiałów o przemianie fazowej oraz systemu opartego na rurkach cieplnych, a także z zastosowaniem elementu termoelektrycznego. W czasie eksploatacji pojazdów BEV należy zwrócić szczególną uwagę na systemy zarządzania temperaturą baterii. Temperatura baterii wywiera różnorodny wpływ na działanie układu elektrochemicznego, co przekłada się na moc i efektywność energetyczną, bezpieczeństwo i niezawodność oraz koszt i okres użytkowania. W celu zapewnienia długiej żywotności i optymalnej wydajności baterii litowo-jonowych, należy zadbać o optymalny zakres temperatur oraz jednolity rozkład temperatury w pakiecie baterii i ogniwach.
Human Capital Development, Remittances, and Poverty in Central and Eastern European Countries: What Do the Data Tell Us?
Authors: Tsaurai Kunofiwa 
Published: March 2022

The study investigates the impact of human capital development on poverty in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) using dynamic generalized methods of moments (GMM), fixed effects, random effects, and pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) with panel data ranging from 2008 to 2019. Using the same panel data analysis methods and data set, the study also explored the influence of the complementarity between human capital development and personal remittances on poverty in CEECs. What triggered the investigation into this topic is that the available literature on the subject matter is mixed, divergent, and very much conflicting. The lag of poverty, remittances, the interaction between human capital development and remittances, trade openness, unemployment, and partly financial development significantly increased infant mortality rates in CEECs. On the other hand, human capital development, infrastructural development, and partly financial development were found to have reduced infant mortality rates. These results mean that human capital development, financial development, and infrastructural development reduced poverty in CEECs during the period under study. Central and Eastern European Countries are therefore urged to craft and implement financial development, infrastructural development, and human capital development enhancement policies to combat poverty. Future empirical research could also investigate at what threshold the level of human capital development, financial and infrastructural development would poverty be significantly reduced in CEECs.
The Inefficiency of the Adjustment Mechanism in the Contemporary Global Economy. The Case of the United States and China
Authors: Janicka Małgorzata 
Published: March 2022

In the current international monetary system, the adjustment mechanism does not work properly to eliminate the excessive surpluses/deficits on the current accounts of the major countries that participate in international trade. Consequently, the adjustment changes do not take place in an evolutionary way, through market changes or decisions taken by the national authorities. They are the result of crises that reflect the unfavourable macroeconomic situation in different countries. The article explains the functioning of the adjustment mechanism in the contemporary international monetary system and the circumstances in which significant imbalances emerge at the global (US–China) level. Increasing external imbalances are an immanent systemic feature of the contemporary international monetary system. The lack of an adjustment mechanism in this system leads to the potentially cyclical emergence of such imbalances and their correction by crises. Thus, the current post‑crisis period may only be a stage before the next period of growing imbalances. The remedy for this threat lies in correcting the existing principles of the system.
Overview of EU and Global Conditions for the Transformation of the TCLF Industry on the Way to a Circular and Digital Economy (Case Studies from Poland)
Authors: Dziuba Radosław , Jabłońska Małgorzata , Ławińska Katarzyna , Wysokińska Zofia 
Published: March 2022

The article aims to review the changes that have taken place in the European and global TCLF (Textiles‑Clothing‑Leather‑Footwear) sector over the last decade from the perspective of new requirements of pursuing a circular and, especially in recent years, a digital economy. The paper describes the changes in the components of this industry (formerly called the light industry) in the European Union and the world economy in the context of sustainable development requirements and the effects of climate change. Recent European and global programs mainly aim to achieve the circular economy’s strict requirements, including reducing pressure on natural resources, to achieve climate neutrality by the end of 2050. This positive change for our planet is also supported by the pursuit of the development of the digital economy.
National Business Cultures as a System‑forming Factor of the “Lublin Triangle”
Authors: Glinkowska‑Krauze Beata , Chebotarov Viacheslav , Chebotarov Iegor 
Published: March 2022

Considering the evolution of the scientific knowledge on the topic the authors define “national business cultures” as a complex interdisciplinary basic phenomenon of modern comparative studies and international entrepreneurship. Using the accepted in the world comparative studies methodology – indicative parameters of national business cultures and considering the authors’ corresponding empirical developments a systematic comparative analysis of the national business cultures of the founding countries of the new cooperation platform in Central and Eastern Europe – the “Lublin Triangle” (Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine) – is carried out. The close similarity and wide complementarity of the national business cultures of these countries are revealed. This is largely predetermined not only by their common, centuries‑old history, but also by a number of other institutional and economic factors, as well as natural conditions. The priority sectors and spheres of integration of the three countries are determined both at the interstate level and at the level of the interaction of their business structures. Implementing this approach will ensure an increase in the competitive positions of Poland, Lithuania, and Ukraine and, as a result, the Lublin Triangle as a whole, in the system of the modern international division of labor. Based on the similarity and complementarity of the national business cultures, a group of other countries of Central and Eastern Europe (Latvia, Estonia, Slovakia, Romania, and Bulgaria) was selected. Under certain conditions, they could also become members of the Lublin Triangle, which would further strengthen and develop the European Union.
CAUSATIVE FACTOR OF DELAY IN MATERNAL REFERRAL - SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Amalia Sarlita Rahmi , Lestari Pudji , Ningrum Astika Gita 
Published: March 2022

Background: Every day in the world, around 810 mothers have died from preventable causes. The causes of delay in maternal referral care were analyzed using the Three Delay Model (Thaddeus & Maine, 1994) and the determinants of maternal mortality (McCarthy & Maine, 1992). Purpose: To describe the factors that causing delays in seeking care for maternal referrals. Methods: This is a systematic review study of articles published between 2010 and 2020 based on database from ScienceDirect, Scopus, SageJournals, and Google Scholar. Nine articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included as samples for further review. The results regarding the factors causing late referral are described and explained in narrative form. Results: First delay (8 articles), Second delay (5 articles), Third delay (4 articles), mother’s education (6 articles), mother's income and occupations (2 articles), women's empowerment (6 articles), family status in society (4 articles), community status (3 articles), and cultural influences (7 articles) studies are acquired. Conclusions: The previous delay will affect the next delay and the problem of delay in seeking health care is in decision-making which mostly found in upper-middle countries, the causes of cultural factors which also causing the delay in referrals, followed by the socioeconomic influence that most widely discussed are maternal education and women's empowerment, the problem which is also most commonly found in upper-middle-income countries.
THE SUCCES OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING IS SEEN BY HISTORY OF EARLY MARRIAGE
Authors: Laraswati Aprilia , Amalia Rize Budi , Etika Risa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground: Early marriage is a marriage that is carried out before the bride turns to 19 years old. Tulungagung district is one of the contributors to the incidence of early marriage, which is 220 cases. The highest cases of early childhood marriage were in Kedungwaru sub-district with 37 cases. Early marriage can cause various problems, one of which is exclusive breastfeeding. Currently, the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding in Tulungagung district is 67.1%. This figure is still far from the national target. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between history of early marriage and exclusive breastfeeding. Method: This research method is observational analytic with cross sectional approach. A sample of 42 respondents with the sampling technique using purposive sampling. Data were collected from June to August through a questionnaire instrument guided by interviews. The independent variable is a history of early marriage. The dependent variable is exclusive breastfeeding. Data analysis using Chi square test. Results: The results showed that respondents who were in the category of early marriage were 47.6%, and the ideal age of marriage was 52.4%, respondent with exclusive breastfeeding was 52.4% and did not give exclusive breastfeeding 47.6%. The results of the Chi square test showed a history of early marriage with exclusive breastfeeding, P value 0.087. Conclusion: Data indicates that there is no correlation between a history of early marriage to exclusive breastfeeding. Even so, early marriage must still be avoided because the impact of early marriage will cause many problems and canaffect the future of early marriage couple, even the nation and state. Keywords: Early marriage, exclusive breastfeeding, formula milk
CORRELATION BETWEEN DIETARY HABBITS WITH SEVERITY OF DYSMENORRHEA AMONG ALDOLESCENT GIRL
Authors: Damayanti Arvelina Novia , Setyoboedi Bagus , Fatmaningrum Widati 
Published: March 2022

Abstract Introduction: More than 50% of women in each country on the world have dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea can disturbing daily activities ,reduces the quality of life and learning activity indeed absent from school for a few hours or days. The purpose of this study is to determine corelation between diet and the severity of dysmenorrhea in SMK Negeri 2 Lumajang. Method: This study used observational analytic study design with a cross-sectional approach. The population was all female student in SMK Negeri 2 Lumajang. Total sample are 89 students calculated with Slovin formula. Used questionnaire as a instrument. Analysis of this study using chi square test. Result: Most of the respondents had good fat intake, while intake of Ca and Fe was less, frequency of eating 2x/day, total of bad intakes was 2, frequency of eating 2x/day, and severity of dysmenorrhea is severe dysmenorrhea . results of the chi square analysis of fat towards severity of dysmenorrhoea got p = 0.001, on fe, ca and the amount of intake that did not match towards severity of dysmenorrhoea, p = 0.000 and on the frequency of dysmenorrhea towars severity of dysmenorrhea, p = 0.773. Conclusion : there is a corelation between dietary habbit according to intake of fat, Fe, Ca, total bad intake with the severity of dysmenorrhea. And there is no corelation between dietary habbit according to eating frequency with the severity of dysmenorrhea.
What do strategic responses achieve?
Authors: Oketch Calleb , Muathe Stephen 
Published: March 2022

This study purposed to investigate the effect of strategic responses on performance. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population for the study was 3834 employees drawn from four telecommunication firms in Kenya. Proportionate stratified random sampling was used to select the sample size of 385 respondents. The study findings indicated that (i) research and development, technology advancement, and strategic training all had a significant positive effect on firm performance; (ii) technology advancement was found to be a major determinant in the variation of performance of the telecommunication firms. Operational restructuring strategy, however, was found to have a negative effect on performance. The study finally concluded that technological advancement, research and development, and employee strategic training are strategic responses that telecommunication firms should invest into better performance.
Fostering digital innovations to accelerate service delivery in South African Local Government
Authors: Shava Elvin , Vyas-Doorgapersad Shikha 
Published: March 2022

Service delivery protests in the recent past demonstrate the dire state of local government in South Africa. The absence of public sector innovation can be linked to service delivery backlogs hence embracing digital innovations (Internet of Things (IoT), Big data and analytics, cloud, Biometrics, computers, mobile applications, 3D machines) in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is strategic for enhancing municipal service provision and uplifting the living standards of citizens in communities. The study utilised an explorative qualitative case study design premised on an extensive literature and document review analysis to examine the barriers facing the City of Tshwane from adopting digital innovations in the 4IR. The analysis of documents revealed digital hesitancy, leadership void, lack of innovative research culture, weak municipal preparedness, and digital divide in adopting digital innovations are barriers to digital innovation adoption to enhance service delivery. The paper observes further the lack of systematic and evaluative studies to inform public sector innovation, or growth in digital innovations often led to implementation challenges in the City of Tshwane. Conclusions drawn for the article revealed that adopting digital innovations can be the panacea to accelerating urban service delivery in the City of Tshwane; hence institutional readiness, improved revenue streams, including a stable regulatory and policy environment, are imperatives in achieving a digitalised local government in the 4IR.
Beyond the pandemic: Implications of COVID-19 on regional economic integration in Southern Africa.
Authors: Yingi Edwin 
Published: March 2022

This study examined the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on the much sought-after regional economic integration using Southern Africa as a case study. The eruption of COVID-19 stifled world economic activities and unleashed economic uncertainties. First, the disease forced countries into imposing restrictions that included total closure of businesses and borders and travel bans that resulted in reduced economic activity among countries. Second, Africa was expected to suffer economic reverse of between -2% to -5% in 2020 due to a sharp decline in output growth. This has had adverse implications on trade and financial markets across the region and scuppers the ambitions for regional economic integration. Using a desktop approach the study critiqued and analysed the literature on regional integration and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on prospects for enhanced regional economic integration. The findings revealed that COVID-19 plunged the prospects of regional economic integration into disarray. Owing to imposed restrictions business slumped, trade declined, poverty deepened and vulnerability of populations increased cumulatively negating the quest for regional integration. The study concludes that to manage the aftermath of COVID-19, regional economic coordination should be encouraged.
Determinants analysis of GDP Per capita’s growth and state regulations of 7 ASEAN countries
Authors: Arrafi Juliannisa Indri , Artino Adi 
Published: March 2022

Labour, entrepreneurship, and technology are important components in the success of GDP Per capita, the existing workforce is not only fixated by numbers but also must be focused on quality to have a significant impact, in addition to the ability and desire of a nation to grow interested in becoming entrepreneurs. This research base on Solow and Swan's Theory said that economic growth was influenced by the growth of production factors such as population, labor, and capital accumulation, as well as the level of technological progress described in the development of knowledge. There is an element of technological progress in the Solow-Swan model which is the main differentiator from the Harrod-Domar growth model. This study used 42 observers consisting of 7 ASEAN countries, namely; Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, and Cambodia, using multiple linear regression and using classical assumption test. The research method in this study uses multiple linear regression of panel data, using the classical assumption test. To get the best model, the data will be tested for Pool Effect, Fix Effect and Random Effects Models, while the determination of the best model is based on the results of the Chow and Hausman tests. The results are shown that labor does not have a significant influence on GDP Per Capita revenue, while the entrepreneurship Index (GEI) and Technology Index (GII) variables have a positive and significant impact on GDP Per Capita revenue. The workforce hasn't affected, which is broadly described in this study because the absorption of labor has not been optimal or the provision of jobs whose proportions are not balanced with the number of the workforce.