bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sugammadex shortens operation room stay after desflurane anesthesia
Authors: Hano Kazuhiro , Tsukamoto Masanori , Goto Maho , Eto Michi , Nishimura Rei , Hitosugi Takashi , Yokoyama Takeshi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Neuromuscular monitoring may not be monitored in oral surgery, because muscle relaxant effect is not required except for intubation maneuvers. In clinical anesthesia, we have extubated after recovery of enough spontaneous breathing, swallowing, and airway protection reflexes. The use of sugammadex depends on the preference of the anesthesiologist. Inhalational anesthetics enhances the effects of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs and prolongs its duration of action and recovery. Then, we should pay attention to the prolonged muscle relaxant actin after prolonged anesthesia time. Then, we retrospectively investigated the effectiveness of sugammadex following general anesthesia (>2 hours).
Methods
We examined the anesthesia records of adult patients who underwent oral surgery under general anesthesia (>2 hours) using rocuronium for tracheal intubation and desflurane for maintenance. The following parameters were recorded: patient background, extubation time (i.e., time between desflurane cessation and extubation), and discharge time (i.e., time between desflurane cessation and operation room departure).
Results
Two hundreds twenty-five patients were divided into two groups (sugammadex group, n = 133, control group, n = 92). Patients in the sugammadex group received sugammadex (2–4 mg/kg) once desflurane was stopped. There were no significant differences in patient backgrounds between the groups. Although it did not reach the level of significance (p = 0.32), the extubation time in the sugammadex group (10 minutes) was shorter than that of the control group (10 minutes). The discharge time in the sugammadex group (18 minutes) was significantly shorter than that of the control group (20 minutes; p = 0.0087).
Conclusion
The use of sugammadex could shorten operation room stay after desflurane anesthesia (>2 hours) in adult patients undergoing oral maxillofacial surgery. We found that it was possible to make quick muscle recovery with the use of sugammadex, then the patients could return to the hospital ward.
Copper doped Strontium Indium‑borate glasses: FTIR, Raman, EPR, Optical and Structural Studies
Authors: Narsimha Bodige , Chandrasekhar K. , Shareefuddin Md. , Ramadevudu G. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Indium oxide added strontium borate glasses(30-x)SrO–69B2O3–1CuO: xIn2O3with five different values of x (from 0.5 to 2.5 mol%) were synthesized using the conventional melt quenching process. The amorphous nature of these glass samples was confirmed from X-Ray diffraction spectra. Physical properties like density, molar volume, dielectric constant etc. have been reported for various concentrations of In2O3. Spectroscopic studies, namely, optical absorption, EPR were undertaken to comprehend the impact of In2O3and CuO dopants on strontium-borate structure. Urbach energy and optical band gap (Eopt) values were estimated at room temperature. The spin-Hamiltonian parameters of Cu2+ ions have revealed gǁǁ> g┴>ge and Aǁǁ> A┴ indicating the Cu2+spin probe ground state as dx2-y2(2B1g state) and the site symmetry around Cu2+ is tetragonally distorted octahedral. Fourier transform infrared spectra recorded in the region from 400-1600 cm-1 confirmed the occurrence of conventional BO3, BO4units along with In3+O6 groups. The Raman spectra of the glass samples were registered between 200 cm-1 and 600 cm-1 exhibited various spectral bands.
Using stable isotopes to determine water absorption of summer maize under different fertilizer treatments in North China Plain
Authors: LÜ Lihua , Hu Jiahong , Liu Qian , Zhang Jingting , Dong Zhiqiang , Li Qian , Hu Yukun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Fertilization affects water uptake by crops, the study of water transport and water use in maize after the application of organic fertilizer can provide a theoretical basis for sustainable grain production in this area. In this study, dual stable isotopes (δD and δ18O) were used to determine seasonal variation in water uptake patterns of summer maize under different fertilization treatments in Shijiazhuang, China, during 2017. The contributions of soil water at different depths to water uptake were quantified using the MixSIAR Bayesian mixing model. The average contribution of soil water from the 0–20, 20–40, 40–70, and 70–120 cm layers was 39.6%, 23.2%, 29.8%, and 7.4%, respectively, and most water was taken up from the upper soil layers (0–70 cm) during the drought season before sowing. Water uptake was mainly sourced from the 0–20 cm depth at the mid filling stage (81.2%), the 0–40 cm depth at the seedling stage (85.0%), and the 0–70 cm depth at the jointing stage (86.2%), 12-leaf stage (91.2%), heading stage (88.8%), tasseling stage (86.7%), early filling stage (95.0%), and mature stage (94.0%). Two fertilization applications led to clear differences in the proportional contribution of soil water from 0–20 cm (average 35.3% and 43.8% for chemical and organic fertilizer, respectively), 20–40 cm (25.4% and 20.9%), and 70–120 cm (9.7% and 5.2%). The contribution from the 0–20cm layer was higher after organic fertilizer treatment than after the use of chemical fertilizer. This was because the manure fertilizer changed the physical properties of the soil, improving water-holding capacity and reducing soil evaporation. Our results have scientific implications for fertilization and irrigation management.
A Sixth and seventh-order derivative-free parameter-based iterative method for solving non-linear equations
Authors: Devi Kasmita , Maroju Prashanth 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this research, for solving non-linear equations we suggest a two-second derivative-free parameter-based continuation method. As per the Kung-Traub conjecture, both of the proposed schemes are optimal. Additionally, two main theorems that demonstrates the order of convergence and asymptotic error constant, as well as the theoretical and computational characteristics of the suggested schemes, are thoroughly studied. The order of convergence of proposed method is seven for α = 0 and six for α = 1. The performance and effectiveness of the suggested optimal approaches are compared with their closest competitors on a concrete variety of nonlinear equations with the help of Mathematica-11.3, by using its high precision compatibility. Finally, based on the results obtained, our suggested approaches are shown to be more effective than comparable robust procedures of the same order.
Metabolic profiling of patients with different idiopathic inflammatory myopathy subtypes reveals potential biomarkers in plasma
Authors: Zhao Qianqian , Hu Qiu , Meng Shuhui , Zhang Qinguo , Wang Tingting , Liu Cuilian , Liu Dongzhou , Jiang Zhenyou , Hong Xiaoping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) are heterogeneous autoimmune diseases that primarily affect the proximal muscles. IIM subtypes include dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), and anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS). Metabolic disturbances may cause irreversible structural damage to muscle fibers in patients with IIM. However, the metabolite profile of patients with different IIM subtypes remains elusive.
Objectives and Methods
To investigate metabolic alterations and identify patients with different IIM subtypes, we comprehensively profiled plasma metabolomics of 46 DM, 13 PM, 12 ASS patients, and 30 healthy controls (HCs) using UHPLC-Q Exactive HF mass spectrometer. Multiple statistical analyses and random forest were used to discover differential metabolites and potential biomarkers.
Results
We found that tryptophan metabolism, phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, beta-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids, alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism, steroidogenesis, bile acid biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and caffeine metabolism are all enriched in the DM, PM, and ASS groups. We also found that different subtypes of IIM have their unique metabolic pathways. We constructed three models (five metabolites) to identify DM, PM, ASS from HC in the discovery and validation sets. Five to seven metabolites can distinguish DM from PM, DM from ASS, and PM from ASS. A panel of seven metabolites can identify anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 positive (MDA5+) DM with high accuracy in the discovery and validation sets.
Conclusion
Our results provide potential biomarkers for diagnosing different subtypes of IIM and a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IIM.
Effects of early intermittent maternal separation on cognitive development of the prefrontal cortex in piglets
Authors: Cheng Zheng , Zhou Sitong , Zhang Xiaohong , Fu Qin , Yang Yue , Ji Wenbo , Liu Honggui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In actual production, because increase of sows litter size, the management of piglets in split-suckling leads to intermittent neonatal maternal separation (NMS). Early lactation is a critical period of cognitive development in the piglets' brain. The experiment hypothesizes that intermittent NMS may affect piglets' neurological development and cognitive ability. To determine the extent of effects of NMS on the piglets' prefrontal cortex cognitive development, the control group (Con group, n=53) was set up with no NMS, the experimental group (MS group, n=53) was set up with MS for 4 h/day, and the piglets were milk supplemented during the separation period and weaned until 35d. Twelve piglets at postnatal day (PND) 35 were selected from each group for cognitive assessment. Three PND35 piglets from each group were slaughtered, and collected prefrontal cortex samples for reference transcriptome sequencing. Following bioinformatics analysis, GO enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis as well as candidate gene screening were performed for differentially expressed genes. Finally, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the sequencing data were accurate. The results showed that, in the spatial holeboard discrimination task, the working memory and reference memory of piglets in the MS group were significantly lower than those in the Con group (P < 0.01). In the new object recognition task, the MS group was significantly lower than the Con group in the number of exposure to new objects and discrimination index (P < 0.01). In the prefrontal cortex of the MS group, 349 up-regulated, 151 down-regulated differential genes, and 584 significant GO entries were discovered. Screening for 9 genes associated with cognition at large differential multiples. qPCR validation results showed that MC4R, GRP, CYFIP2, NMB, CPEB1, ADCYAP1 were significantly downregulated and MAG, PLP1, CPEB4 were significantly upregulated. Light microscopy results showed changes in the morphological structure of neuronal cells and microglia.
In summary, intermittent NMS may impair partial cognitive function in piglets by damaging the structure of the prefrontal cortex.
EEG resting-state networks in Alzheimer’s disease associated with clinical symptoms
Authors: Aoki Yasunori , Takahashi Rei , Suzuki Yuki , Pascual-Marqui Roberto D. , Kito Yumiko , Hikida Sakura , Maruyama Kana , Hata Masahiro , Ishii Ryouhei , Iwase Masao , Mori Etsuro , Ikeda Manabu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neuropsychiatric disease affecting many elderly people and is characterized by progressive cognitive impairment of memory, visuospatial, and executive functions. As the elderly population is growing, the number of AD patients is increasing considerably. There is currently growing interest in determining AD’s cognitive dysfunction markers. We used exact low-resolution-brain-electromagnetic-tomography independent-component-analysis (eLORETA-ICA) to assess activities of five electroencephalography resting-state-networks (EEG-RSNs) in 90 drug-free AD patients and 11 drug-free patients with mild-cognitive-impairment due to AD (ADMCI).
Compared to 147 healthy subjects, the AD/ADMCI patients showed significantly decreased activities in the memory network and occipital visual network, where the age difference between the AD/ADMCI and healthy groups was corrected by linear regression analysis. Furthermore, the age-corrected EEG-RSN activities showed correlations with cognitive function test scores in AD/ADMCI. In particular, decreased memory network activity showed correlations with worse total cognitive scores for both Mini-Mental-State-Examination (MMSE) and Alzheimer’s Disease-Assessment-Scale-cognitive-component-Japanese version (ADAS-J cog) including worse sub-scores for orientation, registration, repetition, word recognition and ideational praxis. Our results indicate that AD affects specific EEG-RSNs and deteriorated network activity causes symptoms. Overall, eLORETA-ICA is a useful, non-invasive tool for assessing EEG-functional-network activities and provides better understanding of the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the disease.
Remote assessments of human pressure on biodiversity may miss important human threats
Authors: Mammides Christos , Martini Francesco , Kounnamas Constantinos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Monitoring human pressure on biodiversity within protected areas (PAs) remains a challenging task due to the vast number of PAs worldwide (> 250,000) and the fact that we lack basic information for most of them. Consequently, researchers are increasingly relying on remote sensing techniques to overcome this challenge. However, remote assessments of human pressure on biodiversity may miss crucial threats, such as hunting and invasive species, which are often best documented through in-situ field surveys. Here, we use a unique European Union dataset documenting human threats within 8,210 PAs through field surveys to assess the relationship between those threats and three commonly used indices of human pressure that are largely derived using remote-sensing methods—the Human Footprint and Human Modification indices and the LandScan Global Population Database. We find that the indices are not always related to the threats recorded within PAs through field surveys. The indices seem to best capture threats associated with urbanization, agriculture, and pollution but not necessarily others. Although remote assessments of human pressure on biodiversity are crucial for conservation, researchers and practitioners must be aware of their limitations and must complement such assessments with information collected in the field whenever possible.
Development of an Image Processing Technique Using Satellite Data to Study the Nature and Behaviour of Solar Coronal Mass Ejections
Authors: Upananda W D K A , Jayaratne K P S C 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Coronal mass ejection (CME) is one mysterious property of the sun. Practically studying CMEs directed to earth, known as Halo CMEs is very important since these CMEs can affect space weather around the earth and cause major problems to human activities. This research aims to develop an image processing technique to analyze halo CME (HCME) events that can influence the earth by classifying associated solar flares based on coronagraph images. LASCO coronagraph telescope and EIT telescope of the “Solar and Heliospheric Observatory” (SOHO) spacecraft are the main instruments used for research. Coronagraph images and other additional data of 723 HCME events were collected from the database of the SOHO spacecraft of NASA & the database of the NOAA space environment services centre. A MATLAB script was developed to extract the detail of coronagraph images as pixel values using image processing methods such as image transformation, segmentation, Enhancement & morphological Processing. Finally, a classification algorithm was developed by using four K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifiers to classify solar flares of each HCME event. The final accuracy of the classification algorithm was 86%. The developed method can be used as an alternative method to study HCMEs since the results of this study were agreeable with previous studies on CMEs. It is possible to improve this image processing method to calculate the effect of HCME events on earth, such as magnetic and space weather effects.
Strong Phonon-Plasmon Coupling in Grounded Graphene-Hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) Heterostructures
Authors: Heydari Mohammad Bagher , Karimipour Majid , Shirkolaei Morteza Mohammadi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an analytical model is proposed for a new graphene-based hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) heterostructure supporting tunable surface phonon-plasmon polaritons (SP3). The model is started with Maxwell’s equations and then applies boundary conditions. An exact dispersion relation is derived for the proposed structure in which the comparison between simulation and analytical results confirms its validity. A high value of FOM = 190 is reported for the chemical potential of 0.85 eV at the frequency of 48.3 THz. To further show the tunability of the structure, the influence of chemical potential and other geometrical parameters on the quality of propagating SP3 are investigated in detail. The authors believe that the presented study can be useful for the design of novel graphene-based devices in the THz region.
Engaged Learning During Distraction: A Case Study of Successful Working Moms in Distance Education
Authors: Fensie Anne , Pierre Teri St. , Jain Jennifer , Sezen-Barrie Asli 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Adult learners are a significant proportion of distance learners and many of these students are working mothers. Several instructional design models center the learner, and this requires understanding the learner needs, strengths, and context. There is a gap in the literature describing the experience of working mother students in distance education. To understand this experience, the researchers interviewed and observed six academically high-achieving working mother students as they participated in their distance education courses during the pandemic. A discourse analysis approach was utilized to analyze the data. This extreme sample revealed several strategies that these students use to be successful despite their challenges. The findings suggest that understanding the experiences of distance learners as they study in the home are important for effective course design. More specifically, working mothers face significant distractions in their study environments, but the cognitive load can be reduced by making use of their prior knowledge, scaffolding instruction, and encouraging social presence. Additional strategies from the literature that address these constructs are provided for instructors and instructional designers.
İŞYERİ HEKİMLİĞİNİN SİGORTALILIK AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KOSTAK Mustafa 
Published: November 2022

6331 sayılı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu ile işverenin bir kişi çalıştırsa dahi işyeri hekimi ve iş güvenliği uzmanı hizmeti alınması zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Yine aynı Kanun ve ilgili yönetmelikle işyeri hekimlerinin çalışma süreleri, görev, sorumluluk ve yükümlülükleri ile işyeri hekimliği hizmetinin temin edilmesi yolları ortaya konulmuştur.
Söz konusu kanundan önce 4857 sayılı İş Kanunu ile işyeri hekimliği hizmeti alma zorunluluğu düzenlenmiş ve bu dönemde işyeri hekimleri hukuki statüleri bağlamında işçi sayılmışlardır. Ancak nihai düzenleme olan 6331 sayılı Kanun’un ortaya koyduğu temin yolları ve 1219 sayılı Tababet Ve Şuabatı San'atlarının Tarzı İcrasına Dair Kanun ile kamu görevlisi hekimlerine de işyeri hekimliği yapma olanağı getirilmesi, işyeri hekimliğinin sigortalılık açısından değerlendirilmesi ihtiyacını doğurmuştur.
Çalışma, 5510 sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanunu ve ikincil mevzuat bağlamında işyeri hekimlerinin sigortalılıklarını değerlendirmektedir. Buna göre 5510 sayılı Kanunun 4. maddesi 1. fıkrası a/b/c bentleri kapsamında sigortalı sayılan hekimlerin farklı durumlara göre işyeri hekimliği hizmeti verdiği sürelerin sigortalılık açısından nasıl değerlendirileceği ortaya koyulmuştur.
Geospatial assessment of early summer heatwaves, droughts, and their relationship with vegetation and soil moisture in the arid region of Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Arshad Sana , Kazmi Jamil Hasan , Shaikh Saima , Fatima Munazza , Faheem Zulqadar , Asif Muhammad , Arshad Waqar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study focuses on the spatiotemporal analysis of early summer heatwaves, droughts, and their relationship with vegetation and soil moisture from 2013 to 2022 in South Punjab, Pakistan. The study uses a unique approach of utilizing a combination of meteorological-based maximum air temperature Tmax derived from Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications V.2 (MERRA-2) and remotely sensed land surface temperature (LST) to calculate heatwave metrics. Station-based precipitation (P) and remote sensing-based temperature condition index (TCI) are utilized to calculate droughts. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the normalized difference water index (NDWI) are used to analyze the relationship between extreme events with vegetation and soil moisture. The results reveal a significant rise in the region's heatwave frequency, duration, and intensity. Spatiotemporal analysis of the SPI and TCI shows the occurrence of droughts in more heatwave years. Negative Pearson correlation R = 0.5–0.9 and coefficient of determination R2 of 0.76–0.86 of the NDVI and NDWI with drought and heatwave metrics represents a significant (&lt;0.01) relationship and direct response of vegetation and soil moisture towards extreme events. The study affirms the hydrological vulnerability of arid regions due to extreme events and marks the attention to appropriate mitigation and adaptation strategies in the future.
Preliminary screening of a hexapeptide combinatorial library for glucosyltransferase (GTF-I) inhibition
Authors: Mooser Gregory , Devulapalle Kumari S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Glucosyltransferases from oral bacteria are significant virulence factors in dental caries initiation. An L-aminoacid synthetic peptide combinatorial library was synthesized and screened for its ability to inhibit the glucosyltransferase activity. One inhibitory hexapeptide was identified to determine the dissociation constant.
Preliminary crystallographic study of two crystal forms of rubredoxin from sulfate­ reducing bacterium
Authors: Higuchil Yoshiki , Misaki Shintaro , Sugiyama Shigeru , Morimoto Yukio , Ogata Mari , Yagi Tatsuhiko , Yasuoka Noritake 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Two crystal forms, Form I and Form II, of rubredoxin from Desulfovibrio vulgaris Miyazaki F have been obtained by microdialysis and vapor-diffusion methods. The Form I crystals are in space group of P3221 with a=b=43.7, c=50.7A, whereas the Form II in space group ofP2, with a=27.3, b=44.9, c=Sl.2A, and /3=90.6°. Crystals in both crystal forms diffract at least 2.0A resolution.