bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced myocardial septal function assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: associated with histological myocardial fibrosis and ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Song Yanyan , Bi Xuanye , Chen Liang , Yang Kai , Chen Xiuyu , Dong Zhixiang , Wang Jiaxin , Kong Xiangyong , Zhao Kankan , Wang Hongyue , Duru Firat , Lu Minjie , Ma Likun , Qiao Shubin , Zhao Shihua 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aims
Echocardiographic studies suggest that strain is related to myocardial fibrosis (MF) and ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. Cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT) also allows strain analysis, but little is known whether it provides incremental value to late gadolinium enhancement imaging (LGE). This study aimed to explore the relationship between CMR-FT-derived strain parameters and histopathology MF and VA and its incremental value to LGE in obstructive HCM (HOCM) patients undergoing septal myectomy.

Methods and results
One hundred and twenty-three symptomatic HOCM patients underwent CMR examination, followed by septal myectomy. The abnormally increased histological MF was defined as higher than the mean + 2 standard deviation (SD) of nine control autopsy subjects who had no history of cardiovascular disease. Septal strain parameters and septal LGE were evaluated at the site of surgical myectomy. Among HOCM patients without LGE, septal circumferential (P = 0.003), longitudinal (P = 0.001), and radial (P = 0.02) strains were significantly impaired in patients with increased histological MF than those without. Histological MF was significantly associated with septal circumferential strain (r = 0.32, P &lt; 0.001), septal longitudinal strain (r = 0.42, P &lt; 0.001), and septal radial strain (r = −0.27, P = 0.003). On multivariate analysis, septal longitudinal strain was independently associated with histological MF [β, 0.19 (0.05–0.34); P = 0.01], and VA [odds ratio, 1.10 (1.01–1.19); P = 0.02]. Moreover, septal longitudinal strain was incremental to septal %LGE in detecting increased MF (P = 0.001) and VA (P = 0.048).

Conclusions
Septal longitudinal strain at CMR is independently related to histological MF and occurrence of VA in HOCM patients. Moreover, it provides incremental value over LGE in detecting increased MF and VA.
Long COVID: post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 with a cardiovascular focus
Authors: Raman Betty , Bluemke David A. , Lüscher Thomas F. , Neubauer Stefan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEmerging as a new epidemic, long COVID or post-acute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a condition characterized by the persistence of COVID-19 symptoms beyond 3 months, is anticipated to substantially alter the lives of millions of people globally. Cardiopulmonary symptoms including chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and autonomic manifestations such as postural orthostatic tachycardia are common and associated with significant disability, heightened anxiety, and public awareness. A range of cardiovascular (CV) abnormalities has been reported among patients beyond the acute phase and include myocardial inflammation, myocardial infarction, right ventricular dysfunction, and arrhythmias. Pathophysiological mechanisms for delayed complications are still poorly understood, with a dissociation seen between ongoing symptoms and objective measures of cardiopulmonary health. COVID-19 is anticipated to alter the long-term trajectory of many chronic cardiac diseases which are abundant in those at risk of severe disease. In this review, we discuss the definition of long COVID and its epidemiology, with an emphasis on cardiopulmonary symptoms. We further review the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying acute and chronic CV injury, the range of post-acute CV sequelae, and impact of COVID-19 on multiorgan health. We propose a possible model for referral of post-COVID-19 patients to cardiac services and discuss future directions including research priorities and clinical trials that are currently underway to evaluate the efficacy of treatment strategies for long COVID and associated CV sequelae.
How spaceflight challenges human cardiovascular health
Authors: Jirak Peter , Mirna Moritz , Rezar Richard , Motloch Lukas J , Lichtenauer Michael , Jordan Jens , Binneboessel Stephan , Tank Jens , Limper Ulrich , Jung Christian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe harsh environmental conditions in space, particularly weightlessness and radiation exposure, can negatively affect cardiovascular function and structure. In the future, preventive cardiology will be crucial in enabling safe space travel. Indeed, future space missions destined to the Moon and from there to Mars will create new challenges to cardiovascular health while limiting medical management. Moreover, commercial spaceflight evolves rapidly such that older persons with cardiovascular risk factors will be exposed to space conditions. This review provides an overview on studies conducted in space and terrestrial models, particularly head-down bedrest studies. These studies showed that weightlessness elicits a fluid shift towards the head, which likely predisposes to the spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome, neck vein thrombosis, and orthostatic intolerance after return to Earth. Moreover, cardiovascular unloading produces cardiopulmonary deconditioning, which may be associated with cardiac atrophy. In addition to limiting physical performance, the mechanism further worsens orthostatic tolerance after return to Earth. Finally, space conditions may directly affect vascular health; however, the clinical relevance of these findings in terms of morbidity and mortality is unknown. Targeted preventive measures, which are referred to as countermeasures in aerospace medicine, and technologies to identify vascular risks early on will be required to maintain cardiovascular performance and health during future space missions.
De Novo Reference Assembly of the Upriver Orange Mangrove (Bruguiera sexangula) Genome
Authors: Pootakham Wirulda , Naktang Chaiwat , Sonthirod Chutima , Kongkachana Wasitthee , Yoocha Thippawan , Jomchai Nukoon , Maknual Chatree , Chumriang Pranom , Pravinvongvuthi Tamanai , Tangphatsornruang Sithichoke 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUpriver orange mangrove (Bruguiera sexangula) is a member of the most mangrove-rich taxon (Rhizophoraceae family) and is commonly distributed in the intertidal zones in tropical and subtropical latitudes. In this study, we employed the 10× Genomics linked-read technology to obtain a preliminary de novo assembly of the B. sexangula genome, which was further scaffolded to a pseudomolecule level using the Bruguiera parviflora genome as a reference. The final assembly of the B. sexangula genome contained 260 Mb with an N50 scaffold length of 11,020,310 bases. The assembly comprised 18 pseudomolecules (corresponding to the haploid chromosome number in B. sexangula), covering 204,645,832 bases or 78.6% of the 260-Mb assembly. We predicted a total of 23,978 protein-coding sequences, 17,598 of which were associated with gene ontology terms. Our gene prediction recovered 96.6% of the highly conserved orthologs based on the Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) analysis. The chromosome-level assembly presented in this work provides a valuable genetic resource to help strengthen our understanding of mangroves’ physiological and morphological adaptations to the intertidal zones.
Growth of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum in medium containing N-acetylsucrosamine: enzyme that induces the growth of this bacterium via degradation of this disaccharide
Authors: Nagashima Makoto , Nakamura Hiroki , Hosaka Hiroki , Hirano Takako , Hakamata Wataru , Nishio Toshiyuki 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum grows well in the early stages of cultivation in medium containing sucrose (Suc), whereas its growth in medium containing the analogue disaccharide N-acetylsucrosamine (SucNAc) tends to exhibit a considerable delay. To elucidate the cause of this phenomenon, we investigated the proliferation pattern of B. pseudocatenulatum in medium containing D-glucose (Glc) and SucNAc and identified the enzyme that degrades this disaccharide. We found that B. pseudocatenulatum initially proliferates by assimilating Glc, with subsequent growth based on SucNAc assimilation depending on production of the β-fructofuranosidase, which can hydrolyze SucNAc, after Glc is completely consumed. Thus, B. pseudocatenulatum exhibited a diauxic growth pattern in medium containing Glc and SucNAc. In contrast, when cultured in medium containing Glc and Suc, B. pseudocatenulatum initially grew by degrading Suc via the phosphorolysis activity of Suc phosphorylase, which did not react to SucNAc. These observations indicate that B. pseudocatenulatum proliferates by assimilating Suc and SucNAc via different pathways. The β-fructofuranosidase of B. pseudocatenulatum exhibited higher hydrolytic activity against several naturally occurring Suc-based tri- or tetrasaccharides than against Suc, suggesting that this enzyme actively catabolizes oligosaccharides other than Suc.
Associations between Allostatic Load and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Scoping Review
Authors: Carbone Jason T , Dell Nathaniel A , Issa Meriam , Watkins Montisa A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Traumatic events may lead to the development of PTSD or PTSD symptomology that can negatively impact health outcomes. Allostatic load, which represents the cumulative biological wear and tear of exposure to stress, can be employed to better understand the physiological etiology of PTSD. A scoping review, informed by the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, was completed to identify published and unpublished empirical studies that explored the relationship of allostatic load and PTSD. Eight databases were searched yielding four studies, with the results summarized narratively and in tabular form. Findings were mixed as to the association between allostatic load and PTSD. Allostatic load was positively associated with PTSD diagnosis; however, studies measuring only PTSD symptomatology found no relationship. Few PTSD researchers have tested the relationship of a comprehensive measure of allostatic load to PTSD. Among those who have, studies show that allostatic load can be a beneficial tool and applicable theoretical framework for understanding the biological changes associated with PTSD. Future research should focus on standardizing measures of both allostatic load and PTSD and identifying potential confounders. A better understanding of the physiological changes associated with PTSD could lead to more effective prevention and treatment efforts.
A preliminary experimental study of a novel incorporation of chilled ceiling with phase change materials and transparent membrane cover
Authors: Riffat James , Kutlu Cagri , Tapia-Brito Emmanuel , Su Yuehong , Riffat Saffa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study presents an experimental investigation into a novel incorporation of chilled ceiling with transparent membrane cover and phase-change material (PCM) to form a new type of PCM chilled ceiling panel. The membrane cover is infrared transparent to facilitate radiant cooling, but serves as a barrier of convection to avoid moisture condensation for applications in humid climate regions. As reliable electricity supply is still not accessible to millions of people, especially in sub-Saharan and South Asian countries where these countries also face the combined problems of high cooling demand and inadequate power supply, the use of solar energy would help to overcome these problems. To address such problems, the proposed PCM chilled ceiling can be applied along with a solar photovoltaic (PV) directly driven vapour-compression cooling system. Electricity generated by the photovoltaic (PV) panels drives the variable speed direct current (DC) compressor for cooling production, while excessive cooling is stored in the PCM packs for use at night. The variable speed compressor can adjust to match fluctuation in solar radiation and hence increases the utilization of solar energy. A small-scale experimental setup was prepared using a mini DC compressor refrigeration system. Integration of salt hydrate type PCM in chilled beam and chilled ceiling, respectively, and application of transparent membrane cover in chilled ceiling were tested to verify the proposed design.
Global antimicrobial stewardship and the need for pharmaceutical system strengthening for antimicrobials within a One Health approach
Authors: Villacorta Linaza Rocio , Genovezos Chantelle , Garner Timothy , Panford-Quainoo Edwin , Roberts Adam P 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted both the vulnerabilities and the critical role of global pharmaceutical systems in enabling equitable access to medicines. In this personal view, we position the pharmaceutical system as a missed research and investment opportunity that, if integrated properly, would benefit antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes within a One Health approach.

Key findings
The pharmaceutical supply management cycle (PSMC) illustrates the continuous interdependence between four key phases: selection, procurement, distribution and use. Furthermore, a PSMC is subject to external forces of market competition, policy and regulation – across human, animal and environmental health. We present examples of overlap in PSMCs across different One Health sectors and discuss the need for integration within human, animal and environmental health contexts.

Summary
Despite pharmaceutical systems being fundamental to successful AMS programmes, they are currently neglected and undervalued. Research and investment into pharmaceutical system optimisation and integration into AMS programmes present an opportunity for both high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries to develop responsible, comparable and international AMS innovations and interventions.
Potential reduction in transmission of COVID-19 by digital contact tracing systems: a modelling study
Authors: Plank Michael J , James Alex , Lustig Audrey , Steyn Nicholas , Binny Rachelle N , Hendy Shaun C 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background. Digital tools are being developed to support contact tracing as part of the global effort to control the spread of COVID-19. These include smartphone apps, Bluetooth-based proximity detection, location tracking and automatic exposure notification features. Evidence on the effectiveness of alternative approaches to digital contact tracing is so far limited.
Methods. We use an age-structured branching process model of the transmission of COVID-19 in different settings to estimate the potential of manual contact tracing and digital tracing systems to help control the epidemic. We investigate the effect of the uptake rate and proportion of contacts recorded by the digital system on key model outputs: the effective reproduction number, the mean outbreak size after 30 days and the probability of elimination.
Results. Effective manual contact tracing can reduce the effective reproduction number from 2.4 to around 1.5. The addition of a digital tracing system with a high uptake rate over 75% could further reduce the effective reproduction number to around 1.1. Fully automated digital tracing without manual contact tracing is predicted to be much less effective.
Conclusions. For digital tracing systems to make a significant contribution to the control of COVID-19, they need be designed in close conjunction with public health agencies to support and complement manual contact tracing by trained professionals.
Distinct Homologous and Variant-Specific Memory B-Cell and Antibody Response Over Time After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Messenger RNA Vaccination
Authors: Haralambieva Iana H , Monroe Jonathon M , Ovsyannikova Inna G , Grill Diane E , Poland Gregory A , Kennedy Richard B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The durability of protective humoral immunity after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination and infection is largely dependent on the generation and persistence of antigen-specific isotype-switched memory B cells (MBCs) and long-lived plasma cells that reside in the bone marrow and secrete high-affinity neutralizing antibodies. The reactivity of vaccine-induced MBCs to emerging clinically significant SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs) is largely unknown. In a longitudinal cohort study (up to 6 months following coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccination), we measured MBCs in concert with other functional antibody measures. We found statistically significant differences between the frequencies of MBCs responding to homologous and VoC (Beta, Gamma, and Delta) receptor-binding domains after vaccination that persisted over time. In concert with a waning antibody response, the reduced MBC response to VoCs could translate to a weaker subsequent recall immune response and increased susceptibility to the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant strains after vaccination.
Urgent Care Proceedings for New-born Babies in England and Wales – Time for a Fundamental Review
Authors: Broadhurst Karen , Mason Claire , Ward Harriet 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Emergency action to safeguard babies at birth who are at risk of significant harm is sanctioned in a number of international jurisdictions, including the UK, the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe. However, there is widespread international disquiet about this practice, regarding breaches of parents’ Articles 6 and 8 rights (Human Rights Act 1998), as well as the reliability of hasty decisions for children. This article reports the findings from the first large-scale qualitative study of professional and parental experience (n = 307 participants) of compulsory State intervention at birth, with a specific focus on urgent care proceedings. Completed in eight local authority areas and corresponding health trusts in England and Wales (2019–2021), the study concludes that children’s social care, hospitals, and the family courts are not yet sufficiently aligned around the needs of a small, but highly vulnerable population of mothers, their partners, and babies to ensure equitable, just or effective practice in cases of urgent care proceedings. Evidence is provided from both professionals and parents about the highly consequential nature of interim decisions, particularly where they result in physical separation of mother and baby at birth. The article advances knowledge about the distinctive challenges of issuing family court proceedings in the immediate post-partum period and calls for a fundamental review.
Rethinking Opsins
Authors: Feuda Roberto , Menon Anant K , Göpfert Martin C 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Opsins, the protein moieties of animal visual photo-pigments, have emerged as moonlighting proteins with diverse, light-dependent and -independent physiological functions. This raises the need to revise some basic assumptions concerning opsin expression, structure, classification, and evolution.
Perception of Telehealth During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Survivors of Gynecologic Cancer
Authors: Quam Nicholas , Stenzel Ashley E , Brown Katherine , Jewett Patricia , Parsons Helen M , Hui Jane , Ghebre Rahel G , Blaes Anne , Teoh Deanna , Vogel Rachel I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Our objective was to assess gynecologic cancer survivor preferences for telehealth cancer care. Gynecologic cancer survivors participating in a prospective cohort study were invited to complete a cross-sectional survey regarding their experience with and preferences for telehealth. Of 188 participants, 48.9% had undergone a telehealth visit since March 2020, and 53.7% reported a preference for exclusively in-person visits for their cancer care and surveillance. Furthermore, 80.5% of participants were satisfied with the telehealth care they received and 54.8% would recommend telehealth services to patients with similar conditions. Most participants thought a physical examination was critical to detecting recurrence, and concern that their provider may miss something during telehealth visits was greater among those who preferred in-person visits. With many gynecologic cancer survivors preferring in-person care, building a future care model that includes telehealth elements will require adaptations, careful evaluation of patient concerns, as well as patient education on telehealth.
Probing the primordial Universe with 21 cm line from cosmic dawn/epoch of reionization
Authors: Minoda Teppei , Saga Shohei , Takahashi Tomo , Tashiro Hiroyuki , Yamauchi Daisuke , Yokoyama Shuichiro , Yoshiura Shintaro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the most distant reaches of the Universe, the 21 cm hyperfine transition in neutral hydrogen provides one of the only available tracers of large-scale structure. A number of instruments have been working or are planned to measure the 21 cm line signals, and in particular, the Experiment to Detect the Global EoR Signature (EDGES) has recently reported the first detection of an absorption signal, which corresponds to the 21 cm line global signal at the epoch of reionization (EoR). The future large radio telescope, the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will be able to deliver the high-precision measurement of the 21 cm line emission/absorption signals. In this paper, we review the current status for the 21 cm line global and fluctuation signals from EoR to the dark ages, and then summarize the recent studies of how we probe the primordial Universe particularly motivated by the recent EDGES result and future observations by SKA. We focus on two applications for constraining cosmology with the EDGES result: constraints on the primordial magnetic fields and those on the primordial power spectrum. We also discuss the potential of future SKA for probing the inflationary Universe, by discussing expected constraints on the primordial power spectrum, its adiabaticity, and primordial non-Gaussianities from future observations of 21 cm fluctuations.
Is there a low-mass triple system orbiting around the massive semi-detached binary ZZ Cassiopeiae?
Authors: Li Fu-Xing , Qian Sheng-Bang , Fernández Lajús Eduardo , Liu Liang , Zhao Er-Gang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
ZZ Cassiopeiae (ZZ Cas) is an early spectral B-type close binary with an orbital period of 1.243527 d. By analyzing the continuous light curve obtained by TESS, and the spectroscopic data with low resolution observed by the 2.16 m telescope in Xinglong station, we found that it is a semi-detached binary; the secondary component fulfills the critical Roche lobe, while the more massive one is detached from the lobes with a fraction of the third light $1.82\%$. Our O-C diagram time spanning 32.6 yr shows a cyclical oscillation with a semi-amplitude of 0.0255(±0.0010) d and a period of 19.11(±0.27) yr superimposed on an upward parabolic curve with a period increase rate of dP/dt = +2.93 × 10−8 d yr−1. The upward parabolic variation and photometric solutions reveal that ZZ Cas is undergoing a late Case A mass transfer process on the nuclear timescale of the secondary component, and it was formed from originally detached binary systems. Its evolution is different from that of V606 Cen in the massive binaries. Meanwhile, the cyclic change in the O-C curve can be interpreted by the light-travel-time effect via the presence of a tertiary body. The tertiary companion with a minimal mass of M3 = 4.23(±0.22) M⊙ orbits around the central eclipsing binary in an eccentric orbit (e = 0.62). The estimation of an extremely low luminosity ratio of the primary component and the tertiary body may reveal that the additional component is a low-mass triple system or a compact object candidate.