bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Proprioception Recovery Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using an Artificial Graft Versus an Autograft
Authors: Xu Changli , Liu Tianze , Wang Miao , Liu Chang , Li Bo , Lian Qiujian , Chen Tongjiang , Chen Fengmei , Qiao Suchi , Wang Zhiwei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
To compare proprioception recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with an autograft (hamstring tendon) versus the artificial Ligament Advanced Reinforcement System (LARS).
Material and Methods
Forty patients (9 women, 31 men) with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture were enrolled in this prospective study. Patients were randomized to two groups, ACLR using a hamstring autograft or artificial LARS, with similar patient numbers per group. Proprioception was assessed with joint position sense (JPS) at 45° and 75° flexions, with the contralateral healthy knee as a control.
Results
Proprioception loss as measured by JPS deficit in both groups 3 months after ACLR (e.g., at 45° flexion, 2.81 ± 1.41 vs. 2.16 ± 0.85) was significantly higher than that at 12 months (1.87 ± 0.96 vs. 1.65 ± 0.73) (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference in proprioception loss was detected between the LARS and autograft groups at either 3 or 12 months after ACLR. Analyzing JPS deficit data showed a statistically significant difference between the groups at 3 months, but not at 12 months, after ACLR. Patients receiving the graft within 1 year of injury had a lower proprioception deficit than those receiving the graft more than 1 year after injury (e.g., at 45° flexion, 1.76 ± 0.72 vs. 3.15 ± 1.05). No complications were associated with either ACLR method.
Conclusion
ACLR with an autograft or LARS artificial graft rupture is similarly safe and effective for recovering knee proprioception, which may be primarily related to compensation by the articular capsule, muscle, and other soft tissue.
Development and evaluation of an Explainable Prediction Model for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients based on Ensemble Trees
Authors: Moreno-Sanchez Pedro A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), which implies premature mortality if diagnosed late, is currently experiencing a globally increasing incidence and high cost to health systems. Artificial Intelligence (AI) allows discovering subtle patterns in CKD indicators to contribute to an early diagnosis. In addition, eXplainable AI (XAI) meets the clinicians’ requirement of understanding AI models’ output when patients’ life is eventually affected by the AI algorithms’ decision. This work presents the development and evaluation of an explainable prediction model that would support clinicians in the early diagnosis of CKD patients. The model development is based on a data management pipeline that detects the optimal combination, in terms of classification performance, of ensemble trees algorithms with features selected. The main contribution of the paper involves an explainability-driven approach that allows selecting the best prediction model maintaining a balance between accuracy and explainability that provide quantitative information about the effect of the features selected on the probability of having CKD. Therefore, the most balanced explainable prediction model implements an extreme gradient boosting classifier using 3 features (hemoglobin, specific gravity, and hypertension) that achieves an accuracy of 99.2% and 97.5% with a 5-fold cross-validation and with new unseen data respectively. In addition, an analysis of the model´s explainability shows that hemoglobin is the most relevant feature that influences the prediction results of the model, followed by specific gravity and hypertension. This small number of features selected results in a reduced cost of the early diagnosis of CKD implying a promising solution for developing countries.
Effect of posaconazole on the concentration of intravenous and oral cyclosporine in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Zhu Li-E , Huang Hui-Ping , Cai Yi-Peng , Wang Yan , Xu Bao-Hua , Liu Mao-Bai , Wu Xue-Mei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the interactions between posaconazole (POS) and intravenously/orally administered Cyclosporine A (CsA) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients.
Methods
We included 118 allogeneic HSCT patients who received CsA and POS simultaneously between January 2017 and June 2020 this study. The ratio of CsA blood concentration (ng/mL) to dosage (mg/day) (C/D) before and after POS initiation was compared.
Results
After the initiation of POS, the level of CsA increased 1 to 2 times in 66% (78/118) of patients compared to those without POS. However, the CsA C/D ratio increased by more than threefold in 6% (7/118) of patients after POS initiation, with an increase of more than fourfold in two patients. The median C/D ratio of CsA increased from 0.89 to 1.23 (P < 0.001) and 0.78 to 1.22 (P < 0.001) after POS initiation when CsA was administered intravenously and orally, respectively. In patients who received POS at the time of transition from intravenous to oral CsA, the value increased from 1.01 to 1.38 (P = 0.001). The route of administration had no significant effect on the change in the CsA C/D ratio (P = 0.615). Additionally, we observed the time required for the C/D ratio to reach a plateau after POS initiation was similar on days 13, 8, and 15 under various scenarios.
Conclusion
POS treatment increased blood CsA levels. A large variability was found in the fold-change in the CsA C/D ratio. Therefore, CsA doses should be adjusted by closely monitoring the blood levels of CsA after POS initiation.
Can medical face masks be replaced by reusable community face masks with similar performance ? Impact of washing parameters on bacterial filtration efficiency and breathability.
Authors: Whyte Henrietta Essie , Joubert Aurélie , Leclerc Lara , Sarry Gwendoline , Verhoeven Paul , Coq Laurence Le , Pourchez Jérémie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The influence of the number of wash cycles, the wash temperature and the use of detergent was evaluated on the performance of one medical face masks (MFM) and ten community face masks (CFM). The performance of the new and washed masks was characterized from the bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) and the differential pressure (DP). The tests on the new masks showed that the MFM had always better BFE than CFMs. Although two of the CFMs showed a BFE value exceeding 95%, only one can be classified as type I MFM based on both BFE and DP requirements. The influence of the washing parameters was investigated on the MFM and these two CMFs with excellent BFE properties. The parameters had no effect on the BFE of CFMs whilst the MFM exhibited a loss in efficiency when washed with detergent as a result of the loss of electrostatic charges on the meltblown layer. The DP of masks were not impacted by the washing. The results clearly show that even though a compromise has to be made between the BFE and breathability, it seems possible to manufacture CFMs with performances similar to a type I MFM, without being able to achieve type II requirements.
Real-time single-pixel imaging using a system on a chip field-programmable gate array
Authors: Hoshi Ikuo , Shimobaba Tomoyoshi , Kakue Takashi , Ito Tomoyoshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Unlike conventional imaging, the single-pixel imaging technique uses a single-element detector, which enables high sensitivity, broad wavelength, and noise robustness imaging. However, it has several challenges, particularly requiring extensive computations for image reconstruction with high image quality.Therefore, high-performance computers are required for real-time reconstruction with higher image quality. In this study, we developed a compact dedicated computer for single-pixel imaging using a system on a chip field-programmable gate array (FPGA), which enables real-time reconstruction at 40 frames per second with an image size of 128 × 128 pixels. An FPGA circuit was implemented with the proposed reconstruction algorithm to obtain higher image quality by introducing encoding mask pattern optimization. The dedicated computer can accelerate the reconstruction 10 times faster than a recent CPU. Because it is very compact compared with typical computers, it can expand the application of single-pixel imaging to the Internet of Things and outdoor applications.
Preclinical Assessment of Synergistic Efficacy of MELK and CDKs inhibitors in Adrenocortical Cancer
Authors: LAHA DIPRANJAN , Grant Robert , Mishra Prachi , Boufraqech Myriem , Shen Min , Zhang Ya-Qin , Hall Matthew D. , Quezado Martha , De Melo Michelly Sampaio , Rivero Jaydira Del , Zeiger Martha , Nilubol Naris 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is a rare and aggressive cancer with dismal 5-year survival due to a lack of effective treatments. We aimed to identify a new effective combination of drugs and investigated their synergistic efficacy in ACC preclinical models.
Methods
A quantitative high-throughput drug screening of 4,991 compounds was performed on two ACC cell lines, SW13 and NCI-H295R, based on antiproliferative effect and caspase-3/7 activity. The top candidate drugs were pairwise combined to identify the most potent combinations. The synergistic efficacy of the selected inhibitors was tested on tumorigenic phenotypes, such as cell proliferation, migration, invasion, spheroid formation, and clonogenicity with appropriate mechanistic validation by cell cycle and apoptotic assays and protein expression of the involved molecules. We tested the efficacy of the drug combination in mice with luciferase-tagged human ACC xenografts. To study the mRNA expression of target molecules in ACC and their clinical correlations, we analyzed the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas.
Results
We chose the maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) inhibitor(OTS167) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor(RGB-286638) because of their potent synergy from the pairwise drug combination matrices derived from the top 30 single drugs. Multiple publicly available databases demonstrated overexpression of MELK, CDK1/2, and partnering cyclins mRNA in ACC, which were independently associated with mortality and other adverse clinical features. The drug combination demonstrated a synergistic antiproliferative effect on ACC cells. Compared to the single-agent treatment groups, the combination treatment increased G2/M arrest, caspase-dependent apoptosis, reduced cyclins A2, B1, B2, and E2 expression, and decreased cell migration and invasion with reduced vimentin. Moreover, the combination effectively decreased Foxhead Box M1, Axin2, glycogen synthase beta, and β-catenin. A reduction in p-stathmin from the combination treatment destabilized microtubule assembly by tubulin depolymerization. The drug combination treatment in mice with human ACC xenografts resulted in a significantly lower tumor burden than those treated with single-agents and vehicle control group.
Conclusions
Our preclinical study revealed a novel synergistic combination of OTS167 and RGB-286638 in ACC that effectively targetsmultiple molecules associated with ACC aggressiveness. A phase Ib/II clinical trial in patients with advanced ACC is therefore warranted.
Clarifying major risk factors in suicide attempts by subjects with drug overdose using machine learning: A retrospective study
Authors: Okamoto Naomichi , Ikenouchi Atsuko , Igata Ryohei , Watanabe Keita , Yoshimura Reiji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Suicidal attempts by psychotic drug overdose are a common reason for the emergency ward consultation. The epidemiology of suicide and the psychiatric perspective has been well studied; however, the investigation of the frequency and direction of the patients’ background factors and their associations was not studied adequately. The present study aims to examine the concurrent occurrence of one event with another in background factors of patients with suicide attempts because of drug overdose by the machine learning method. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study using electronic medical record information. Patients who attempted suicide from January 2015 to April 2018 were enrolled in the study. Extracted from disease names, out of 143 suicide cases, patients, who attempted suicide through other means, such as wrist cutting, hanging, and jumping, were excluded, and 101 patients who overdosed on psychotic drugs were included in the study. We assessed participants’ demographic and clinical characteristics by the SAD PERSONS scale and used association rules analysis. Results: The results showed that a depressive state, social support lacking, and no spouse were frequently associated with the other factors. Conclusions: These results suggest that core factors, including depressive state, social support lacking, and no spouse, are essential risk factors, but combined with several other influencing factors, could contribute to the suicidal attempt by drug overdose.
Guanylate binding protein 2b contributes to M1 macrophage polarization during Mycobacterium bovis infection
Authors: Yu Youli , Liu Mengting , Pan Jialiang , Tao Lei , Xue Feng , Tang Fang , Wang Hongsheng , Dai Jianjun , Shan Yuping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the macrophage phenotype switch from M0 to M1 is critical in the clearance of intracellular mycobacteria during Mycobacterium bovis infection. In this study, the entire gene expression profiles of M1 bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) induced by interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide, M2 BMDMs induced by interleukin (IL) - 4 and IL-13, M0 BMDMs, and M0 BMDMs after 6 h of infection with M. bovis were subjected to bioinformatics analysis. Forty-eight candidate genes associated with M. bovis infection and involved in M1 polarized macrophages were screened. Thirteen hub genes were subsequently identified based on connectivity degree analysis and multiple external validations. Among these hub genes, Guanylate binding protein 2b (GBP2b) was selected as a key gene for further investigation. In vivo validation results showed significant expression of GBP2b in the tissues of M. bovis -infected mice. For in vitro validation, the RAW264.7 cell line was transfected with GBP2b-specific small interfering RNA and GBP2b plasmid expression vector. Cellular experimental studies confirm that GBP2b was a novel regulatory molecule that promotes M1 macrophage polarization during M. bovis infection and was also an antimicrobial protein that promotes intracellular bacterial clearance. Furthermore, gene co-expression analysis and further experiments showed that GBP2b regulates M1 polarization through activation of Toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor-κBp65 protein. These findings expand the understanding of GBP2b for the regulation of inflammatory responses and suggest that GBP2b may be a potential target for the treatment of diseases caused by M. bovis.
Clinical characteristics and associated factors of pediatric acute disseminated encephalomyelitis patients with MOG antibodies: a retrospective study in Hangzhou, China
Authors: Shen Jue , Jiang Tiejia , Gao Feng , Jiang Kewen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the clinical characteristics and associated factors of pediatric acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) patients positive for anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies.Methods: This retrospective study included pediatric ADEM patients who underwent serum MOG antibody detection from May 2017 to August 2020. The patients were divided into two groups: those with (MOG+, n=35) and without (MOG−, n=50) anti-MOG antibodies in the serum. Our study analyzed the clinical characteristics of MOG-IgG-positive ADEM pediatric patients and conducted a comparative analysis between the two groups.Results: Thirty-five MOG-IgG-positive ADEM patients (21 males and 14 females) with encephalopathy, multifocal neurological symptoms, and typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities were enrolled. They usually had a favorable outcome, while some suffered from relapse. Compared to the ADEM patients without MOG antibodies, MOG-IgG-positive ADEM patients suffered from a longer disease duration (median: 10 vs. 6 days), more meningeal involvement (31.4% vs. 8%) and frontal lobe involvement (82.8% vs. 68%), higher relapse rates (14.3% vs. 2%), lower serum tumor necrosis factor (1-12.4 pg/ml, median 1.7 vs. 1-34 pg/ml, median 2.2) and interferon-gamma (1-9.4 pg/ml, median 1.3 vs. 1-64 pg/ml, median 3) (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that a longer disease duration, meningeal involvement, and frontal lobe involvement were associated factors for ADEM patients with MOG antibodies (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Our findings provide clinical evidence that a longer disease duration, meningeal involvement, and frontal lobe involvement are associated with pediatric MOG-IgG-positive ADEM.
Comparison of polynomial and machine learning regression models to predict LDPE, PET, and ABS concentrations in beach sediment based on spectral reflectance
Authors: Huda Faisal Raiyan , Richard Florina Stephanie , Rahman Ishraq , Hua Clarence Tay Yuen , Wanwen Christabel Anfield Sim , Müller Moritz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Microplastic (MP) contamination on land has been estimated to be 32 times higher than in the oceans, however, despite most MPs potentially found in soils there is a distinct lack of research on soil MPs compared to marine MPs. Beaches are bridges between land and ocean and present equally understudied sites of microplastic pollution. Visible-near-infrared (vis-NIR) has been applied successfully for the measurement of reflectance and prediction of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) concentrations in soil. The rapidity and precision associated with this method make vis-NIR particularly promising. The present study explores two novel data processing approaches in this field. First, using a spectroradiometer, the spectral reflectance data was measured from treated beach sediment spiked with virgin microplastic pellets (LDPE, PET, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)). The concentration of spiked microplastics in the treated sediment was increased sequentially. Using the recorded spectral data, polynomial regression and machine learning-based regression methods were applied and predictive models developed for each microplastic. Both methods generated models of good accuracy with R2 values greater than 0.7, root mean squared error (RMSE) values less than 3 and standard deviation (SD) < 0.06. Additionally, the optimum wavelengths of each microplastic for their detection in the beach sediment were found to be similar by both the methods in the used vis-NIR spectrum (325 nm – 1075 nm), indicating a higher vis-NIR spectrum range is not required for detection. This study is the first assessing predictive abilities of models created by polynomial regression and machine learning algorithms for soil microplastic contamination and another step towards standardizing the quantification of microplastics in soil samples using vis-NIR spectroscopy.
How do symptoms of each joint contribute to global pain, disease activity and functional disability in rheumatoid arthritis? -a comprehensive association study using a large cohort
Authors: Umemoto Akio , Ito Hiromu , Azukizawa Masayuki , Murata Koichi , Tanaka Masao , Fujii Takayuki , Onishi Akira , Onizawa Hideo , Ishie Shinichiro , Murakami Akinori , Nishitani Kohei , Murakami Kosaku , Yoshitomi Hiroyuki , Hashimoto Motomu , Morinobu Akio , Matsuda Shuichi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Established assessment tools for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including disease activity scores (DASs), disease activity indices (DAIs), visual analog scales (VASs), and health assessment questionnaires (HAQs), are widely used. However, comparative associations between joint involvement and disease status assessment tools have rarely been investigated.Methods: We included a dataset of 4016 patients from a large RA cohort from 2012 to 2019. The tenderness and swelling of each joint were counted as a symptom, with 70 and 68 affected joints throughout the body, respectively. The relative contribution of various joints to the disease status assessment tools, VAS scores, and functional disability indexes was analyzed using multiple regression analysis.Results: Upper extremity joints contributed more than the lower extremity joints, except the knee, toward disease assessment. Additionally, larger joints contributed more than the smaller joints overall, but the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints made significant contributions to DASs and DAIs. Further, the ankle played a minor but important role in most assessment tools, especially in HAQs.Conclusions: Larger joints and the joints in the upper extremity contribute more to disease status, VAS score, and functional disability. However, each joint makes a unique contribution to these assessment tools.
IGF2BP3 stabilizes AGAP2-AS1 through m6A and mediates the miR-9-5p/THBS2/PI3K- Akt pathway to promote macrophage M2 polarization in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Feng Jia-fu , Chen Xi , Zeng Jia-wei , Wang Yao-dong , Xie Gang , Yang Wen-yu , Zhang Bin , Li Xiao-han , Wang Jun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Increasing evidence highlights the potential role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the biological behaviors of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Here, we explored the mechanism of IGF2BP3 in the occurrence and development of clear cell RCC (ccRCC) involving AGAP2-AS1/miR-9-5p/THBS2.
Methods
The expressions of IGF2BP3, AGAP2-AS1, miR-9-5p, and THBS2 and the relationship among them were analyzed by bioinformatics. Their expressions were also verified in ccRCC clinical samples and cells. The m6A modification of AGAP2-AS1 was analyzed with RIP. The effect of IGF2BP3 on the stability of AGAP2-AS1 was detected by RNA half-life test. The binding of AGAP2-AS1 and miR-9-5p was measured by RNA-pull-down and their co-localization was assessed with FISH. The targeting relationship between AGAP2-AS1 and miR-9-5p, and, between miR-9-5p and THBS2 was evaluated by dual luciferase reporter assay. Cell viability by CCK-8, proliferation by EdU, invasion by Transwell, and migration by wound healing assay were further performed. Macrophage markers were analyzed real-time PCR, Western blot, and flow cytometry. Finally, we tested the effect of IGF2BP3 on ccRCC tumor formation in xenograft tumors.
Results
The results of RIP and half-life indicated that IGF2BP3 was modified by m6A to stabilize AGAP2-AS1. AGAP2-AS1 was highly expressed in ccRCC tissues and cells. Lentivirus mediated intervention of AGAP2-AS1 in RCC cells significantly affected cell proliferation, invasion and migration and led to M2 polarization of macrophages. In addition, THBS2 promoted M2 polarization of macrophages by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. AGAP2-AS1 could directly bind with miR-9-5p and promote the expression of THBS2 downstream of miR-9-5p. These results were further verified by in vivo experiments with xenograft tumors.
Conclusion
IGF2BP3 stabilizes the expression of AGAP2-AS1 through m6A, and competitively binds to miR-9-5p to up-regulate THBS2, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and inducing macrophage M2 polarization to promote the occurrence and development of RCC.