bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The diagnostic value of an automated analysis of structural brain volumes in MRIn-MTLE patients
Authors: Kukun Hanjiaerbieke , Jia Wenxiao , Yang Fan , Ding Shuang , Zhang Haotian , Wang Yunling 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To explore the alterations of brain region volumes in magnetic resonance-negative temporal lobe epilepsy patients, we constructed a classification model based on volume parameters and analyzed its classification efficacy.
Methods
T1-weighted images of magnetic resonance-negative temporal lobe epilepsy (MRIn-MTLE) patients and healthy controls were retrospectively analyzed, and the volumes of brain regions were segmented and calculated using FreeSurfer software to compare ipsilateral volumes among patients of different gender. Feature Explorer software based on Pyradiomics was used to construct a classification model based on volume parameters and analyze the classification efficacy.
Results
There were differences in the volumes of several brain regions on the left and right sides in both the heathy control (HC) group and MRIn-MTLE patients; these differences were significant (P < 0.05). In males, the estimated total intracranial volume(eTIV) and volumes of pars opercularis, rostral middle frontal gyrus, caudal middle frontal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus of left hemisphere in HC group were larger than in MRIn-MTLE group; in females, the eTIV and volumes of caudal middle frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, post central gyrus of left hemisphere and caudal middle frontal gyrus, isthmus of cingulate gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus, precentral gyrus, temporal pole, inferior temporal gyrus, cuneus, entorhinal cortex of right hemisphere were smaller in MRIn-MTLE patients compared with the HC group (P < 0.05). The model’s classification efficacy reached 0.780 AUC, and accuracy of 0.721.
Conclusions
MRIn-MTLE patients have volume reductions in multiple brain regions, and these differences differ in male and female, which indicates MRIn-MTLE might has different impact based on gender, our further studies should take gender differences in the volume of brain structures into account, while further investigating the physiological or anatomical basis of the differences. Volume parameters can be used as classification features to construct patient classification models.
Antithrombotic and Prohemorrhagic Actions of Different Concentrations of Apixaban in Patients Exposed to Single and Dual Antiplatelet Regimens
Authors: Martinez-Sanchez Julia , Castrillo Leticia , Jerez Didac , Torramade-Moix Sergi , Palomo Marta , Mendieta Guiomar , Moreno-Castaño Ana Belén , Zafar M. Urooj , Badimon Juan Jose , Diaz-Ricart Maribel , Escolar Gines , Roqué Mercè 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Treatment with triple antithrombotic therapies increases bleeding risks.
AIM: We evaluated the antithrombotic and prohemorrhagic actions of different concentrations of apixaban (APIX) in healthy donors and patients exposed to currently used antiplatelet regimens.
METHODS: 25 healthy subjects and 53 patients treated with aspirin (ASA, n=21), ASA and clopidogrel (ASA+CLOPI, n=11), or ASA and ticagrelor (ASA+TICA, n=21) participated in the study. Blood samples from participants were spiked ex vivo with apixaban 0 (APIX0), 40 (APIX40), and 160 ng/mL (APIX160). We assessed the effects of APIX on 1) clot formation, by ROTEM thromboelastometry; 2) thrombin generation primed by platelets; and 3) platelet and fibrin interactions with a thrombogenic surface, in a microfluidic model with circulating blood.
RESULTS: APIX caused dose-related prolongations of clotting time with minimal impact on other ROTEM parameters. Thrombin generation was significantly inhibited by APIX160 and moderately affected by the antiplatelets, with ASA+TICA actions being the strongest among them (p<0.01 vs APIX0). Confocal analysis of microfluidic studies showed the additional inhibitory effect of the APIX160 to the antiplatelet therapies. APIX160 was the more potent at suppressing platelet and fibrin interactions (p<0.001 vs. APIX0). APIX40 showed a consistent antithrombotic action but with a favorable protective effect on the structural quality of fibrin.
CONCLUSIONS: APIX potentiated the antithrombotic effects of current antiplatelet regimens. APIX at 40 ng/mL, enhanced the antithrombotic action of single or dual antiplatelet regimens but appears more conservative for hemostasis than the concentrations of 160 ng/mL that corresponds to the Cmax reached after the standard dose for thromboprophylaxis.
LncRNA HULC promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells through microRNA-128- and tenascin-R-mediated regulation of PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Wang Yiran , Hu Yuchen , Li Qian , Ye Shan , Yin Tiantian , Wu Jing , He Jie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an extremely aggressive and malignant tumor of the central nervous system in adults. Therefore, understanding its pathogenesis is urgently needed. This study aimed to investigate the role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) in GBM. The levels of lncRNA HULC and proteins in PI3K/AKT pathway in GBM tissues were measured. Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze the survival. An in-vivo tumor xenograft model in mice was constructed and monitored. In GBM SGH44 and U87 cells, the proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle and apoptosis, cellular expression of proteins in PI3K/AKT pathway, and that of lncRNA HULC and microRNA (miR)-128 were determined. The interactions between lncRNA HULC, miR-128, and tenascin-R (TNR) were verified. The result showed lncRNA HULC was an oncogene that can promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in human GBM tissue, orthotopic transplantation in mice, and GBM cell lines. LncRNA HULC was further confirmed to affect TNR expression via sponging miR-128 and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway to promote cell proliferation in GBM. LncRNA HULC can affect the expression of TNR protein, activate the PI3K/AKT pathway, promote GBM cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and inhibit apoptosis mediated by miR-128.
The Q-Day Dilemma and the Quantum Supremacy/Advantage Conjecture
Authors: Raheman Fazal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
When Shakespeare averred, “a rose by any other name would smell as sweet”, we precisely knew the attributes associated with this thing called “ROSE.” But do we really know what Quantum supremacy1 or Quantum advantage2 exactly entails in Quantum Computing (QC) space, except that latter appears more politically correct than the former? How do we achieve the supremacy or advantage unless we precisely know what threshold needs to be reached to qualify? Can that threshold be totally oblivious to ethics and humane interests? What good a nuclear chain reaction is, if it cannot be controlled to serve humanity? In the same breadth definition of quantum advantage cannot be just limited to achieving algorithmic superiority over legacy computing systems, particularly when a section of the experts attribute catastrophic threat3 that unrestrained QC may cause by collapsing the current cryptographic infrastructure4 resulting in amplified existential risk to humanity.5 These predictions are relevant only if QCs become commercially viable and deployable in the service of humanity. No technology can be a one-way ticket to catastrophe, and neither can the definition of superiority of that technology be. If at all there are catastrophic risks, QC can never enter public domain as a minimum viable product (MVP) unless there are safeguards in place. So obviously those safeguards should become an integral part of the definition of its superiority over the conventional computers and a standard to be met to pass the MVP threshold. NIST (National Institute of Standards & Technology) is pursuing the standardization of Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) as that safeguard,6 but with 80th of the 82 candidate PQCs recently failing7 and companies already offering QC as a service, there is an urgent need for an alternate strategy. Our research proposes a novel encryption agnostic approach8 to safeguard QC,9 and articulates a comprehensive definition of an MVP that can potentially set a gold standard for defining commercially viable quantum advantage over the traditional computing.
Discovery of novel serum biomarkers of gliomas by proximity extension assay
Authors: Ghorbani Atefeh , Avery Lisa M. , Sohaei Dorsa , Richer Maxime , Horbinski Craig , McCortney Katy , Xu Wei , Diamandis Eleftherios P. , Prassas Ioannis , Soosaipillai Andrea 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

BackgroundGliomas are among the most malignant tumors, with a very poor prognosis. Early diagnosis is highly desirable since it can help implement more effective treatments for smaller tumors, which have not yet extensively metastasized. Improving early diagnosis may facilitate access of patients to clinical trials and prepare them for the future availability of new disease-modifying treatments.Methods:We analyzed retrospective samples collected at diagnosis (before therapy initiation), with PEA (Olink Proteomics), quantifying about 3,000 proteins. We utilized 30 plasmas from gliomas (20 glioblastomas, 5 anaplastic astrocytomas, 5 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas) and 20 meningiomas (as controls). We then analyzed the data to identify proteins which either alone, or in combination, could discriminate gliomas from meningiomas, or correlate with clinical and molecular alterations.Results:We identified 8 plasma proteins which were increased in gliomas vs. meningiomas (GFAP, NEFL, EDDM3B, PROK1, MMP3, CTRL, GP2, SPINT3) and 4 proteins which were decreased in gliomas vs. meningiomas (FABP4, ALDH3A1, IL-12B and OXT). Partition algorithms and logistic regression algorithms with two biomarkers (GFAP and FABP4) achieved sensitivity of 83% and 93% at 100% and 90% specificity, respectively. The strongest single marker was GFAP with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.86. The AUC for the GFAP-FABP4 combination was 0.98.Conclusion:PEA is a powerful new proteomic technology for biomarker discovery. GFAP and a handful of other plasma biomarkers may be useful for early glioma detection and probably, prognosis.
Detailed Immune Profiling in Pediatric Chrohn’s Disease Using Methylation Cytometry
Authors: Reynolds Samuel R. , Salas Lucas A. , Chen Ji-Qing , Christensen Brock C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
DNA methylation has been extensively utilized to study epigenetic patterns across many diseases as well as to deconvolve blood cell type proportions. This study builds upon previous studies examining methylation patterns in pediatric patients with varying stages of Crohn’s disease to extend the immune profiling of these patients using a novel deconvolution approach. Compared with control subjects, we observed significantly decreased levels of CD4 memory and naive, CD8 naive, and natural killer cells and elevated neutrophil levels in Crohn’s disease. In addition, Chrohn’s patients had a significantly elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Using an epigenome-wide association approach and adjusting for potential confounders, including cell type, we observed 397 differentially methylated CpG (DMC) sites associated with Crohn’s disease. The top genetic pathway associated with the DMCs was the regulation of arginine metabolic processes which are involved in the regulation of T cells.
Competition and cooperation in sociophysical settings: Simulation of a strategic model
Authors: Dutta Kishore , Talukdar Dhritiman 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dynamical processes as diverse as expansion, coalescence, interaction, diffusion, and disintegration, act not only upon physical systems under different circumstances but also upon social systems across their vast spatio-temporal scales. How the process of invasion in unison with the defensive skills shape the imperial growth and collapse as a consequence of vicious warfare and assimilation, could be understood as an interplay between competition and cooperation. Here we raise the question: how can the consequences of deceptive invasion be understood and quantified in terms of the interplay between such competition and cooperation? By embedding sets of radical sensory inputs and historic invasion rules in an artificial empire, here we reveal through in-silico experiments how the great empires were able to withstand the deceptive invasion and how the defeat and victory are related to the strategy of deception as well as the defensive manoeuvres. Within the competing dynamics of the optimal defensive structure we find that the deceptive invasion favours slower invaders, as observed in the evolution of other cooperatively growing populations Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 208104 (2015)]. Our assay might motivate to design systems for defeating deception in widely diverse arena of the biosphere and would help building a more viable social network model for evolutionary analysis.
Changes of platelet morphology, ultrastructure and function in patients with acute ischemic stroke based on super- resolution microscopy
Authors: Yang Bingxin , Wang Xifeng , Hu Xiaoyu , Xiao Yao , Xu Xueyu , Yu Xiaomei , Wang Min , Luo Honglian , Li Jun , Ma Yan , Shen Wei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
There still require more detail information of platelet ultrastructure and antiplatelet drug choices in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. These are restricted by microscopic limitations and sensitivity of platelet. The new super-resolution microscope (SIM) can accurately, quickly analyze platelet. We applied SIM to observe the morphology and ultrastructure of platelets with AIS patients in four different states. Analyzing SIM images to quantification the change of dense granules and α granules in platelets. Testing platelet factor 4 (PF4) to reflect platelet granule function. We speculated that the diameter of platelets, average size of granules, area% of granules per field and mean area of granules per platelet in AIS patient were lower than healthy people in rest stage. Under activated state, α granule of AIS patients showed a pattern of parenchymatousfluorescent masses. Platelet granule function was suppressed at rest stage and showed hyper-responsiveness after stimulation in AIS patients. 2MeSamp has a stronger inhibition effect to α granules of platelets than aspirin. According to the results, there are heterogeneity in the structure and function of platelets in AIS patients. Additionally, analyzing platelets based on SIM could be used as a new method to indicates the onset of AIS and assess antiplatelet drugs.
Water quality index and sanitary inspection as tools to assess water quality in supply systems
Authors: Ribeiro André V. C. , Oliveira Guilherme V , Machado Maicon C , Barrocas Paulo R. G. , Oliveira Jaime 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

One of the challenges in ensuring safe drinking water is to improve its quality from that of raw water to the consumption points. This study assessed the security of a water supply system used by a military base (MB) located on the Rio de Janeiro coast, Brazil. This security was evaluated using two tools: water quality indices (Brazilian and Canadian indices) and structured sanitary inspection. The quality of the water source was classified as “good” according to both indices. However, the water consumed was categorized as “bad” as per the Canadian Index. Sanitary inspection showed weaknesses in the supply system. The MB's drinking water supply system was not safe, presenting a high-level risk and requiring urgent mitigation measures. Therefore, the tools used in this study were found to be suitable for assessing water-supply systems.
Therapeutic effects of a standardized-flavonoid Diospyros kaki L.f. leaf extract on transient focal cerebral ischemia-induced brain injury in mice
Authors: Nguyen Loan Thanh Thi , Le Xoan Thi , Pham Hang Nguyet Thi , Nguyen Tai Van , Nguyen Phuong Thi , Pham Anh Van Thi , Nguyen Thu Bich Thi , Matsumoto Kinzo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective and therapeutic effects of Diospyros kaki L.f. leaves (DK) on transient focal cerebral ischemic injury and underlying mechanisms using a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of mice. The animals received the MCAO operation on day 0. The daily administrations of DK (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o) and edaravone (6 mg/kg, i.v), a reference drug with radical scavenging activity, were started 7 days before (pre-treatment) or immediately after the MCAO operation (post-treatment) and continued during the experimental period. Histochemical, biochemical, and neurological changes were analysed from days 1 to 4, while cognitive performance was evaluated on day 12 after MCAO. MCAO caused cerebral infarction and neuronal cell loss in the cortex, striatum, and hippocampus in a manner accompanied by spatial cognitive deficits. These neurological and cognitive impairments caused by MCAO were significantly attenuated by pre- and post-ischemic treatments with DK and edaravone, suggesting that DK, like edaravone, has therapeutic potential for cerebral ischemia-induced brain damage. DK and edaravone suppressed MCAO-induced changes in biomarkers for apoptosis (TUNEL positive cell number and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression) and oxidative stress (glutathione and malondialdehyde contents) in the brain. Interestingly, DK, but not edaravone, mitigated an increase in blood-brain permeability and down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated signalling caused by MCAO. These results indicate that DK exerts neuroprotective and therapeutic activity against transient focal cerebral ischemia-induced injury probably by suppressing oxidative stress, apoptotic process, and mechanisms impairing blood-brain barrier integrity in the brain.
Application of Taylor Wavelets in Computation of Solution of Delay Differential Equations
Authors: Yadav Kailash , Piriadarshani D , Kavitha G. , Shekhar Himanshu Shekhar Himanshu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, Taylor Wavelets Technique (TWT) is applied to solve delay differential equation (DDE). Convergence and error estimation are defined using TWT and examples were given to support our results in computation of DDE for several different parameters. It is indicated that the suggested method is the suitable one for obtaining solution of a different classes of DDE which have been considered in a strong manner in current areas in several field of science and engineering.
The role of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and gender in the frequency of orthorexia nervosa in medical students: A web-based, cross-sectional study
Authors: Tanrıverdi Esra Çınar , Nas Mehmet Akif 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to determine medical students' tendency to ON and investigate the role of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and gender on these attitudes.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 822 medical students. The data were collected via an online survey. The sociodemographic information form, ORTO-11 scale and Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Symptom (MOCS) Inventory were used as data collection forms.
Results: The average age of the students was 20.57±2,071 (18-32), and 50.7% (n=417) were female. Orthorexia tendency was detected 19%. A significant relationship was found between the ORTO-11 and MOCS scores of the students in the opposite direction (P=0.000). There was no significant difference between ORTO-11 and MOCS scores according to gender and years of training. Participants who did not eat at night, did not consume packaged food, looked at the expiration date and content of the food, and had regular meals had significantly lower ORTO-11 scores. There was no significant relationship between the mean body mass index of the students and their ORTO-11 and MOCS scores (P>0.05 for all).
Conclusion: The study results show that the tendency to ON is high in medical students. ON is more common in students with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and interventions to correct obsessive-compulsive symptoms should also be planned in the fight against ON.
Level of evidence: Level V, cross-sectional, descriptive study
Federated Ensembles: a literature review
Authors: Daalen Florian , Ippel Lianne , Dekker Andre , Bermejo Inigo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Federated learning (FL) allows machine learning algorithms to be applied to decentralized data when data sharing is not an option due to privacy concerns. Ensemble-based learning works by training multiple (weak) classifiers whose output is aggregated. Federated ensembles are ensembles applied to a federated setting, where each classifier in the ensemble is trained on one data location. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the published literature on federated ensembles, their applications, the methods used, the challenges faced, the proposed solutions and their comparative performance. We searched for publications on federated ensembles on five databases (ACM Digital Library, IEEE, arXiv, Google scholar and Scopus) published after 2016. We found 26 articles describing studies either proposing federated ensemble applications or comparing federated ensembles to other federated learning approaches. Federated ensembles were used for a wide varied applications beyond classification. Advocates of federated ensemble mentioned their ability to handle local biases in data. In comparison to federated learning approaches, federated ensembles underperformed in small sample sizes and highly class imbalanced settings. Only 10 articles discussed privacy guarantees or additional privacy preserving techniques. Federated ensembles represent an interesting alternative to federated averaging algorithms that is inherently privacy preserving. They have proved their versatility but remain underutilized.
Health system encounters after loss to cardiology follow-up among patients with congenital heart disease
Authors: Wright Brandon , Fassler Carly , Tumin Dmitry , Sarno Lauren A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Many patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) are lost to cardiology follow-up, but may continue to receive care from other clinics or facilities in the same health system. We analyzed receipt of care at other locations within a single rural academic health system after loss to follow-up in a pediatric cardiology clinic.
Material and methods
Patients with CHD seen in the clinic during 2018 and subsequently lost to cardiology follow-up were included in the study. Subsequent visits to other locations, including other subspecialty clinics, primary care clinics, the emergency department (ED), and the hospital, were tracked through 2020.
Results
Of 235 patients (median age 7 years, 136/99 female/male), 96 (41%) were seen elsewhere in the health system after loss to cardiology follow-up, most commonly by other subspecialty clinics or in the ED. Patients with medical comorbidities, Medicaid insurance, and those living closer to the clinic were most likely to continue receiving care within the same health system.
Conclusions
Patients with CHD are frequently lost to cardiology follow-up. Our study supports collaboration across specialties and between cardiology clinics and affiliated EDs to identify patients with CHD who have been lost to cardiology follow-up but remain in contact with the health system. A combination of in-person and remote outreach to these patients may help them re-establish cardiology care.