bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late‐onset calcinosis in burn scars: A review of the literature and two case reports
Authors: Róbert Lili , Kuroli Eniko˝ , Bottlik Gyula , Hidvégi Bernadett 
Published: February 2022

SummaryCalcinosis cutis is a heterotopic accumulation of calcium salts in the skin. It has been described as a late‐onset complication of burn scars in a few cases, in contrast to heterotopic ossification, which may be an early‐onset complication of burn injuries. Diagnosis of calcinosis can be confirmed by radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or histology. Almost all cases of late‐onset calcinosis in burn scars present as non‐healing ulcers on the lower extremities near contracture bands. It has been hypothesized that this localization is due to the more frequent microtrauma of the lower extremities, and that ulceration is due to the presence of calcium deposits as foreign bodies. In our study, the mean age at the time of burn injury was 12.5 ± 8.27 years, and calcinosis developed after a mean time of 37.5 ± 14.95 years (mean age at onset was 50.5 ± 14.53 years). There was no significant difference between burn scars managed with skin grafting and those where skin grafting was not carried out. The ulcers healed after resection or extraction of the deposits without any recurrence at the same site. In contrast to previously reported cases, we observed two cases of non‐ulcerating late‐onset calcinosis in burn scars of the upper extremities.
Attitudes of older adults and their carers towards de‐prescribing: A systematic review
Authors: Seewoodharry Mansha , Khunti Kamlesh , Davies Melanie J , Gillies Clare , Seidu Samuel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this systematic review is to explore the attitudes of older adults (≥65 years old) and their carers towards de‐prescribing.MethodsWe identified relevant studies from three databases; MEDLINE, CINAHL and Web of Science. Two reviewers (MS, SS) independently extracted data from each selected study using a standardised self‐developed data extraction form. Main findings of the studies were summarised descriptively.ResultsA total of 35 studies were included in the review. Of them, 19 were questionnaire studies, 11 semi‐structured interviews, 4 focus groups and 1 study used the nominal group technique approach. Most older adults and their carers were willing to have medication de‐prescribed if told to do so by a healthcare professional (HCP). Other factors that increased willingness to de‐prescribing included; trust in the HCP, side effects and inconvenience from medications as well as the prospect of follow‐up and monitoring during de‐prescribing. In contrast, perceived effectiveness, unawareness of lack of benefit, negative expectations of ageing and fear were factors preventing de‐prescribing.ConclusionDe‐prescribing is an important concept in older people given the harm associated with polypharmacy in this age group. Overall, older adults and their carers are willing to have medication de‐prescribed if facilitated by their HCP. However, there remain a few barriers to de‐prescribing which may need to be addressed in certain patients, through discussions between older adults/their carers and a HCP, to allow de‐prescribing to be more effective.
Coronary sinus collapsibility index and inferior vena cava collapsibility index can predict right atrial pressure in patients undergoing right heart catheterization
Authors: Saydam Gündüzalp , Kılınç Ali Yaşar , Tosun Veysel , Korucuk Necmettin , Güntekin Ünal , Yaman Mehmet 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between the diameters and collapsibility indices of coronary sinus (CS) and inferior vena cava (IVC) and invasively measured right atrial pressure (RAP), and to determine whether these parameters have predictive value on RAP.MethodsA total of 136 patients undergoing right heart catheterization due to pulmonary arterial hypertension were included in the study prospectively. CS diameters, IVC diameters, CS collapsibility index (CSCI), and IVC collapsibility index (IVCCI) were measured by echocardiography before catheterization. Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare the parameters. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the predictive value of the CS and IVC collapsibility indices in predicting RAP.ResultsPatients were divided into two groups as invasively measured RAP≥10 mm Hg (n:57) and RAP < 10 mm Hg (n:79). In the group with RAP≥10 mm Hg, IVC and CS diameters were higher than in the group with RAP < 10 mm Hg, while the IVCCI and CSCI were lower (p < 0.001). A negative correlation was observed between CSCI and IVCCI and RAP. Also, a positive correlation was observed between CSCI and IVCCI. Optimal cut‐off value for IVCCI was 46.1 with a sensitivity of 75%, and specificity of 79.7%. Optimal cut‐off value for CSCI was 39.2 with a sensitivity of 75.4%, and specificity of 88.6%.ConclusionCS and IVC diameters and collapsibility indices measured by echocardiography were found to be associated with invasively measured RAP, and may be used together for estimating RAP.
The employment destination of PhD‐holders in Italy: Non‐academic funded projects as drivers of successful segmentation
Authors: Marini Giulio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn high‐income countries in recent years, the non‐academic labour market destination of PhD‐holders, i.e., the segmentation by industry sector of destination, has emerged as an issue. Universities and other research‐intensive institutions can no longer absorb the major share of PhD‐holders. Their employment has become a matter of segmentation both horizontally in terms of the economy and vertically in terms of income. The article reports on outcomes from analysis that tested what factors segment labour market outcomes in two dimensions: (1) the economic sector and (2) income. Findings suggest that scientific mobility and type of funding during PhD studies do not play a notable role. Instead, some types of experiences such as a postdoctoral research position, predict exit from academic employment and also a higher income overall. The most significant experiences that contribute to segmentation are in fact projects funded by private companies or international organisations in postdoctoral periods. Implications for policy making are relevant for both PhD‐holders, universities and external organisations. For instance, maximising collaborations between non‐academic employers and universities is likely to produce beneficial outcomes for PhD‐holders.
Selective behavioural impairments in mice heterozygous for the cross disorder psychiatric risk gene DLG2
Authors: Pass Rachel , Haan Niels , Humby Trevor , Wilkinson Lawrence S. , Hall Jeremy , Thomas Kerrie L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMutations affecting DLG2 are emerging as a genetic risk factor associated with neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, and bipolar disorder. Discs large homolog 2 (DLG2) is a member of the membrane‐associated guanylate kinase protein superfamily of scaffold proteins, a component of the post‐synaptic density in excitatory neurons and regulator of synaptic function and plasticity. It remains an important question whether and how haploinsuffiency of DLG2 contributes to impairments in basic behavioural and cognitive functions that may underlie symptomatic domains in patients that cross diagnostic boundaries. Using a heterozygous Dlg2 mouse model we examined the impact of reduced Dlg2 expression on functions commonly impaired in neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders including motor co‐ordination and learning, pre‐pulse inhibition and habituation to novel stimuli. The heterozygous Dlg2 mice exhibited behavioural impairments in long‐term motor learning and long‐term habituation to a novel context, but not motor co‐ordination, initial responses to a novel context, PPI of acoustic startle or anxiety. We additionally showed evidence for the reduced regulation of the synaptic plasticity‐associated protein cFos in the motor cortex during motor learning. The sensitivity of selective behavioural and cognitive functions, particularly those dependent on synaptic plasticity, to reduced expression of DLG2 give further credence for DLG2 playing a critical role in specific brain functions but also a mechanistic understanding of symptom expression shared across psychiatric disorders.
Multi‐institutional review of non‐hypospadiac penile urethral stricture management and outcomes
Authors: Abramowitz David , Sam Andre‐Philippe , Pachorek Mark , Ruel Nora , Martins Francisco , Angulo Javier , Simhan Jay , Li Eric , Nikolavsky Dmitriy , Policastro Connor , Ramirez‐Perez Erick , Burks Frank , Shetty Zubin , Venkatesan Krishnan , Hunter Craig , Gallegos Maxx , Foreman Jordan , Pariser Joseph , Kasabwala Khushabu , Lopez Damian , Macdonald Susan , Warner Jonathan 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesPenile urethral stricture disease not associated with hypospadias is rare, and there is a wide range of commonly used surgical repair techniques for this disease. We sought to compile a multi‐institutional database of patients who had surgical correction of strictures in the penile urethra not limited to the meatus, and who had no history of hypospadias, for analysis using the Trauma and Urologic Reconstructive Network of Surgeons length, urethral segment and etiology classification system.MethodsA retrospective database from 13 institutions was compiled of patients who had undergone surgical correction of Trauma and Urologic Reconstructive Network of Surgeons length, urethral segment and etiology urethral stricture segments S2b/S2c and excluding E5, with a minimum follow‐up time of 4 months. Failure was defined as cystoscopically confirmed recurrence of a stricture measuring less than 16‐Fr.ResultsWe analyzed 222 patients with a median age of 57 years and a follow‐up of 49 months. The overall surgical success rate was 80.2%. On multivariate analysis, the two variables identified that were predictive of surgical success were stricture length ≤2 cm as well as use of a buccal mucosa graft as compared to use of a fasciocutaneous flap, which had success rates of 83% and 52%, respectively (P = 0.0004). No statistically significant differences were found based on incisional approach or surgical technique, nor were outcomes different based on etiology or preoperative patient demographics.ConclusionsSurgical repair of penile urethral strictures of non‐hypospadiac origin have a favorable overall success rate, at 80.2%. Regardless of incisional approach or surgical technique, all operations appear to have similar outcomes other than repairs using fasciocutaneous flap, which were statistically less successful than those using buccal mucosa graft.
Older residents' perceptions of loneliness in long‐term care facilities: A qualitative study
Authors: Huang Pi‐Hua , Wang Shou‐Yu , Hu Sophia H. , Chuang Yeu‐Hui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLoneliness is a negative emotional feeling often experienced by older residents in long‐term care facilities (LTCFs). Previous studies have shown that loneliness is related to depression, inferior quality of life, cardiovascular disease, and suicidal thoughts. Thus, it is important to understand older residents’ viewpoints about loneliness to provide better care in the long‐term care context. This study aimed to explore residents’ perceptions of loneliness in LTCFs. For this qualitative research, data were collected from two LTCFs in northern Taiwan, and purposive sampling was used. In‐depth interviews with 16 older residents were conducted using a semi‐structured interview guide. Content analysis was performed to analyse the data. Four themes with nine subthemes were generated. The themes were: being cut off from continually meaningful relationships, experiencing tears of pain, feeling alone, and lacking a sense of belonging. The findings of this study can provide information for health care professionals to better understand older residents’ views on loneliness and remind them to re‐examine care protocols for psychological health care. Thus, this study found that in order to prevent or alleviate older residents’ feelings of loneliness, the LTCFs should maintain continually meaningful relationships, accompany them, and give them a sense of belonging. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) guidelines were used to report this study.
Simvastatin inhibits stem cell proliferation in human leiomyoma via TGF‐β3 and Wnt/β‐Catenin pathways
Authors: Afrin Sadia , Ali Mohamed , El Sabeh Malak , Yang Qiwei , Al‐Hendy Ayman , Borahay Mostafa A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUterine leiomyoma (UL) is the most common gynaecologic tumour, affecting an estimated 70 to 80% of women. Leiomyomas develop from the transformation of myometrial stem cells into leiomyoma stem (or tumour‐initiating) cells. These cells undergo self‐renewal and differentiation to mature cells, both are necessary for the maintenance of tumour stem cell niche and tumour growth, respectively. Wnt/β‐catenin and TGF‐β/SMAD pathways, both overactive in UL, promote stem cell self‐renewal, crosstalk between stem and mature cells, cellular proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and drive overall UL growth. Recent evidence suggests that simvastatin, an antihyperlipidemic drug, may have anti‐leiomyoma properties. Herein, we investigated the effects of simvastatin on UL stem cells. We isolated leiomyoma stem cells by flow cytometry using DyeCycle Violet staining and Stro‐1/CD44 surface markers. We found that simvastatin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in UL stem cells. In addition, it also suppressed the expression of the stemness markers Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2. Simvastatin significantly decreased the production of the key ECM proteins, collagen 1 and fibronectin. Finally, it inhibited genes and/or proteins expression of TGF‐β1, 2 and 3, SMAD2, SMAD4, Wnt4, β‐Catenin, LRP6, AXIN2 and Cyclin D1 in UL stem cells, all are key drivers of the TGF‐β3/SMAD2 and Wnt4/β‐Catenin pathways. Thus, we have identified a novel stem cell‐targeting anti‐leiomyoma simvastatin effect. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings in vivo.
Evaluation of color stability and microhardness of contemporary bulk‐fill composite resins with different polymerization properties
Authors: Bilgili Can Dilber , Özarslan Merve 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the color stability and microhardness of three bulk‐fill composites with different polymerization characteristics, after immersion in four different solutions.Materials and MethodsColor measurements of three bulk fill (Viscalor (VIS), Tetric PowerFill (TPF), Fill Up! (FUP)) and a microhyrid composite resin (G‐aenial posterior [GCP]) were performed after polymerization. The specimens were immersed in coffee, cola, red wine and distilled water. Discolorations were recorded after 24 h (T1), 10 days (T2) and 30 days (T3) of immersion. ΔE (CIEDE2000) values were calculated. Vickers microhardness (VHN) was measured from top and bottom surfaces at T0 and T3. Data was analyzed with Two‐way ANOVA, One‐way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests.ResultsThe highest discoloration was seen in wine and the lowest in distilled water and cola. At T3, there was no difference in distilled water groups, while the statistically highest ΔE00 were obtained in TPF and GCP in coffee, cola and wine. VIS groups had the highest VHN values at T0 and T3 in all solutions.ConclusionsSamples immersed in coffee and wine showed discoloration beyond clinically acceptable limits. After 30 days, discoloration occurred in all materials immersed in all solutions. At T3, VIS microhardness generally decreased, while TPF did not.Clinical SignificanceAfter 30 days, all bulk‐fill composites immersed in distilled water, coffee and wine showed clinically unacceptable ΔE00.
Industry tournament incentives and corporate innovation strategies
Authors: Kong Lingfei , Lonare Gunratan , Nart Ahmet 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this article we examine how the tournament‐like progression in the CEO labor market influences corporate innovation strategies. By exploiting a text‐based proxy for product innovation based on product descriptions from 10‐Ks, we find a positive and significant relation between industry tournament incentives (ITIs) and product innovation. We then explore the trade‐off effects of ITIs on product innovation created through long‐term patenting technologies and short‐term product development. We discover that ITIs strengthen short‐term innovation but decrease patent‐based innovation. Further analyses show that the effect of ITIs on product innovation is stronger when the product market is more competitive and when CEO characteristics indicate a higher probability of winning the tournament prize.
Efficacy of auricular acupuncture in improving dry mouth among an institutionalised older population: A randomised controlled study
Authors: Yu Shiou‐Shiun , Liu Te‐Tsai , Chen I‐Hui , Chiu Hsiao‐Yean , Huang Hui‐Chuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimsTo investigate the efficacy of applying auricular acupuncture (AA) treatment in improving dry mouth in institution‐dwelling older adults.BackgroundDry mouth (xerostomia) is a common distressing problem in older populations, especially for institution‐dwelling older adults that can affect oral health and quality of life.DesignA randomised controlled trial was conducted from December 2020 to March 2021 and performed according to STRICTA guidelines extended from the CONSORT statement.MethodsOlder adults aged more than 65 years were randomly allocated to an AA group (n = 37) with an 8‐week actual auricular points treatment or a control group (n = 38) receiving sham auricular point acupuncture. Measurements comprised a subjective assessment of the level of dry mouth as assessed by a visual analogue scale in a xerostomia questionnaire, and an objective assessment of the physiological wetness of the lingual mucosa measured with a moisture‐checking device. A generalised estimating equation model was used for data analyses.ResultsAfter completing an 8‐week AA intervention stimulating the Shenmen, Point Zero and Salivary Gland 2‐prime points, the AA group exhibited significantly improved subjective symptoms of dry mouth comprised of difficulty speaking (B = −6.47, p < .001), difficulty swallowing (B = −6.73, p < .001), the amount of oral saliva (B = −5.38, p < .001), a dry throat (B = −7.53, p < .001) and thirst (B = −8.06, p < .001) compared with the control group. Moreover, the AA group had higher objective oral saliva flow than the control group (B = 4.73, p < .001).ConclusionAA is an effective non‐pharmacological method for improving subjective symptoms of dry mouth and objective saliva secretion in older populations living in nursing homes.Relevant to clinical practicePerforming regular AA on the Shenmen, Point Zero and Salivary Gland 2‐prime auricular points can be considered an alternative treatment approach to improve dry mouth in institution‐dwelling older adults.
The effect of action modules on resilience and psychological health of stroke patients: A pilot non‐randomised control trial
Authors: Tsai Su‐Ju , Li Chia‐Chi , Tsai Shu‐Mei , Kao Shu‐Chuan , Pai Hsiang‐Chu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo determine whether interventions that use the Specific Thematic Nursing Care Action Modules (STNC‐AM) platform improve patients’ psychological health over a two‐month period.BackgroundStroke survivors often are left with a disability after a stroke, which can have an impact on their physical and mental health. Therefore, it is necessary for stroke patients to have tailored programmes in the face of post‐stroke mental health concerns and the need for care information.DesignA non‐randomised controlled pilot study was conducted.MethodsParticipants included 44 post‐stroke patients at a medical university hospital, between 1 August 2019–28 February 2021, of whom 24 were assigned to the control group and 20 were assigned to the intervention (STNC‐AM). Data were analysed on an intention‐to‐treat basis. We used the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Checklist (case–control studies) for this study.ResultsThere were no statistical differences between the two groups at baseline. At the end of two months, however, the scores for resilience, depression and positive factors illness representation were statistically different between the two groups (p < .05). The results of the generalised estimating equation model analysis indicated that resilience and anxiety remained more significant in decreasing depression in the intervention group than in the control group.ConclusionThis preliminary trial suggests that, although action modules may be associated with a decrease in depression post‐stroke, part of this effect was likely associated with an increase in resilience and a decrease in anxiety of the patients.Relevance to clinical practiceThe STNC‐AM platform provides a coaching platform that helps patients and caregivers to be effective and accessible.
Do Market Prices Improve the Accuracy of Court Valuations in Chapter 11?
Authors: DEMIROGLU CEM , FRANKS JULIAN , LEWIS RYAN 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTThe average difference between the court value and postemergence market value of newly issued stocks in Chapter 11 reorganizations exceeds 50%. We show that public dissemination of transactions in defaulted bonds reduces this difference by 23% and largely eliminates interclaimant wealth transfers. The effects of dissemination are only significant when the bonds are sufficiently traded around the court valuation date and when they receive significant amounts of postemergence equity, indicating that the bond's value is sensitive to the size and allocation of the pie. These findings imply that security prices have real effects: they improve the valuations of bankruptcy participants.
3D Surface Deviation Wear Analysis of Veneered PEEK Crowns and Its Correlation with Optical Digital Profilometry
Authors: Beleidy Marwa , Ziada Ahmed 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeTo verify whether 3D surface deviation analysis software can detect the surface changes of composite veneered polyetheretherketone posterior crowns following wear simulation compared to optical digital profilometry.Materials and methodsTwenty dental crowns, fabricated from CAD‐CAM polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and veneered with high impact polymer composite (HIPC), were subjected to wear test (50N, 5/55°C; 120,000 chewing cycles). Optical digital profilometry and 3D surface deviation using Geomagic design X software was used before and after the wear test to measure volumetric wear loss (mm3). The data were statistically analyzed with Wilcoxon signed‐rank test to compare the two methodologies. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference between the two assessment methods (p‐value = 0.075, Effect size = 0.854). Regarding the optical digital profilometry analysis, HIPC veneered PEEK crowns showed 0.01686 (0.018‐0.02155) mm3 as a median volumetric wear loss value. While the crowns analyzed by 3D surface deviation showed –0.0398 (–0.0913 to –0.0042) mm3 as a median volumetric loss value (p‐value = 0.075, Effect size = 0.854). In addition, there was no statistically significant correlation between wear measurements by optical digital profilometry and 3D surface deviation analyses (ρ = –0.177, p‐value = 0.685).ConclusionsThere was no significant difference or correlation between optical digital profilometry and 3D surface deviation analyses for volumetric wear loss of veneered PEEK crowns.