bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of illegal and legal tiger parts entering the United States over a decade (2003–2012)
Authors: Khanwilkar Sarika , Sosnowski Monique , Guynup Sharon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPoaching and illegal trade are primary threats to tigers (Panthera tigris). Trade in tiger parts has been well documented in Asia. However, little is known about tiger parts entering the United States (US). We analyzed seizures of tiger parts trafficked through US ports of entry from 2003 to 2012 along with shipments that had been issued legal Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species import permits. We found 292 seizure incidents and 283 permitted imports over that 10‐year period. The amount of tiger parts trafficked into the US illegally was larger than what has been previously reported. Most tiger parts entered the US legally and illegally for personal purposes; 81.8% of seized items were medicinal products. San Francisco, Dallas, and Atlanta were entry hotspots for illegal tiger imports which mainly entered the United States from China and Vietnam. Of the 65.8% of seized parts with a known origin, 99.5% originated from wild tigers. Since country of origin and source of many legally and illegally traded tiger parts was unknown, we recommend the use of forensic DNA analysis to address these knowledge gaps to focus conservation and enforcement efforts. Research should continue in the United States to adequately capture the global supply, demand, and trade of tiger parts.
Low‐dose total skin electron beam therapy plus oral bexarotene maintenance therapy for cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Elsayad Khaled , Rolf Daniel , Sunderkötter Cord , Weishaupt Carsten , Müller Elisa Christina , Nawar Tarek , Stranzenbach Rene , Livingstone Elisabeth , Stadler Rudolf , Steinbrink Kerstin , Moritz Rose K. C. , Eich Hans Theodor 
Published: January 2022

SummaryBackgroundTotal skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) combined with systemic therapy or maintenance treatment is a reasonable approach to enhance the remission rate and duration in mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS). This study assesses the efficacy of oral bexarotene therapy after low‐dose TSEBT for patients with MF and SS.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, we recruited MF/SS patients for treatment with low‐dose total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) with or without bexarotene therapy to describe outcomes and toxicities.ResultsForty‐six subjects with MF or SS underwent TSEBT between 2016 and 2021 at our institute. Following TSEBT, 27 patients (59 %) received oral bexarotene treatment. The median follow‐up was 13 months. The overall response rate (ORR) for the cohort was 85 %. The response rate was significantly higher with combined modality (CM) than TSEBT alone (96 % vs. 68 %, p = 0.03). Median progression‐free survival (PFS) for the CM was 17 months versus five months following TSEBT alone (p = 0.001). One patient (4 %) in the retinoid group discontinued the bexarotene therapy because of adverse events. The administration of bexarotene therapy did not increase radiation‐related toxicities.ConclusionsResponse rate and progression‐free survival might be improved with TSEBT in combination with oral bexarotene compared to TSEBT alone.
Quételet (body mass) index and effects of dapagliflozin in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Chertow Glenn M. , Vart Priya , Jongs Niels , Langkilde Anna Maria , McMurray John J. V. , Correa‐Rotter Ricardo , Rossing Peter , Sjöström C. David , Stefansson Bergur V. , Toto Robert D. , Wheeler David C. , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the effects of dapagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and albuminuria, with and without type 2 diabetes, stratified by the Quételet (body mass) index (BMI).MethodsWe randomized 4304 adult patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 25‐75 ml/min/1.73m2 and urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio of 200‐5000 mg/g to dapagliflozin 10 mg/day or placebo. The primary outcome was a composite of sustained decline in eGFR of 50% or more, kidney failure, or death from kidney or cardiovascular causes. Secondary outcomes included kidney composite endpoint (primary composite endpoint without cardiovascular death), cardiovascular composite endpoint (hospitalized heart failure/ cardiovascular death), and all‐cause mortality. We categorized participants according to World Health Organization BMI criteria: lean/ideal (<25 kg/m2), overweight (25‐< 30 kg/m2), grade 1 obesity (30‐<35 kg/m2), and grade 2/3 obesity (≥35 kg/m2).ResultsOf 4296 (99.8%) randomized participants, 888 (20.7%), 1491 (34.7%), 1136 (26.4%), and 781 (18.2%) were categorized as lean/ideal, overweight, grade 1 obesity, and grade 2/3 obesity, respectively. Median follow‐up was 2.4 years. Benefits of dapagliflozin were observed independent of baseline BMI for primary and secondary endpoints. Hazard ratios (95% CI) for dapagliflozin versus placebo for the primary composite endpoint were 0.60 (0.43, 0.85), 0.55 (0.40, 0.75), 0.71 (0.49, 1.04), and 0.57 (0.37, 0.87) among participants in the lean/ideal, overweight, grade 1 obesity, and grade 2/3 obesity groups (interaction P = .72).ConclusionAmong participants with CKD and albuminuria, with or without type 2 diabetes, kidney and cardiovascular benefits of dapagliflozin were evident and consistent across the BMI spectrum.
Reduction of clinically important low glucose excursions with a long‐term implantable continuous glucose monitoring system in adults with type 1 diabetes prone to hypoglycaemia: the France Adoption Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Renard Eric , Riveline Jean‐Pierre , Hanaire Hélène , Guerci Bruno ,   on behalf of the investigators of France Adoption Clinical Trial
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the glucose control outcomes of the implantable Eversense real‐time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system compared to self‐monitoring of blood glucose or intermittently scanned CGM in patients with type 1 (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D).Patients and MethodsThis was a randomized (2:1), prospective, national, multicentre study. All participants, aged >18 years and on multiple daily insulin injections or insulin pump treatment, had a sensor inserted, which was activated only in the “enabled” group. Included patients had T1D or T2D with a glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level > 8% (64 mmol/mol) (Cohort 1) or T1D with a time spent with glucose values below 70 mg/dL (3.8 mmol/l) (TBR<70) for >1.5 h/d during the previous 28 days (Cohort 2). The primary outcomes were HbA1c change at D180 (Cohort 1) or change in time spent with glucose values below 54 mg/dL (TBR<54) during the period of Day (D)90 to D120 (Cohort 2). A covariance model (analyses of covariance) was used for endpoint analyses.ResultsOverall, 149 patients were included in Cohort 1 and 90 in Cohort 2. In Cohort 1, the adjusted mean difference (enabled − control) in HbA1c at D180 was −0.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.4; 0.1; P = 0.341). No significant difference in time with values in the range 70 to 180 mg/dL or time with values above range (>180 mg/dL) was observed. In Cohort 2, the mean adjusted difference in TBR<54 was −1.6% (95% CI −3.1; −0.1; P = 0.039) during D90 to D120 and remained at −2.6% (95% CI −4.5; −0.6; P = 0.011) during D150 to D180 (prespecified secondary outcome). The CGM system was found to be safe.ConclusionThis study shows that the Eversense CGM system can significantly decrease TBR<54 in patients with T1D prone to hypoglycaemia.
Systematic review of frequency of felt and enacted stigma in epilepsy and determining factors and attitudes toward persons living with epilepsy—Report from the International League Against Epilepsy Task Force on Stigma in Epilepsy
Authors: Kwon Churl‐Su , Jacoby Ann , Ali Amza , Austin Joan , Birbeck Gretchen L. , Braga Patricia , Cross J. Helen , de Boer Hanneke , Dua Tarun , Fernandes Paula T. , Fiest Kirsten M. , Goldstein Jonathan , Haut Sheryl , Lorenzetti Diane , Mifsud Janet , Moshe Solomon , Parko Karen L. , Tripathi Manjari , Wiebe Samuel , Jette Nathalie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo review the evidence of felt and enacted stigma and attitudes toward persons living with epilepsy, and their determining factors.MethodsThirteen databases were searched (1985–2019). Abstracts were reviewed in duplicate and data were independently extracted using a standardized form. Studies were characterized using descriptive analysis by whether they addressed “felt” or “enacted” stigma and “attitudes” toward persons living with epilepsy.ResultsOf 4234 abstracts, 132 met eligibility criteria and addressed either felt or enacted stigma and 210 attitudes toward epilepsy. Stigma frequency ranged broadly between regions. Factors associated with enacted stigma included low level of knowledge about epilepsy, lower educational level, lower socioeconomic status, rural areas living, and religious grouping. Negative stereotypes were often internalized by persons with epilepsy, who saw themselves as having an “undesirable difference” and so anticipated being treated differently. Felt stigma was associated with increased risk of psychological difficulties and impaired quality of life. Felt stigma was linked to higher seizure frequency, recency of seizures, younger age at epilepsy onset or longer duration, lower educational level, poorer knowledge about epilepsy, and younger age. An important finding was the potential contribution of epilepsy terminology to the production of stigma. Negative attitudes toward those with epilepsy were described in 100% of included studies, and originated in any population group (students, teachers, healthcare professionals, general public, and those living with epilepsy). Better attitudes were generally noted in those of younger age or higher educational status.SignificanceWhatever the specific beliefs about epilepsy, implications for felt and enacted stigma show considerable commonality worldwide. Although some studies show improvement in attitudes toward those living with epilepsy over time, much work remains to be done to improve attitudes and understand the true occurrence of discrimination against persons with epilepsy.
Optimization of fuzzy similarity by genetic algorithm in user‐based collaborative filtering recommender systems
Authors: Houshmand‐Nanehkaran Farimah , Lajevardi Seyed Mohammadreza , Mahlouji‐Bidgholi Mahmoud 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe most important subjects in the memory‐based collaborative filtering recommender system (RS) are to accurately calculate the similarities between users and finally finding interesting recommendations for active users. The main purpose of this research is to provide a list of the best items for recommending in less time. The fuzzy‐genetic collaborative filtering (FGCF) approach recommends items by optimizing fuzzy similarities in the continuous genetic algorithm (CGA). In this method, first, the crisp values of user ratings are converted to fuzzy ratings, and then the fuzzy similarities are calculated. Similarity values are placed into the genes of the genetic algorithm, optimized, and finally, they are used in fuzzy prediction. Therefore, the fuzzy system is used twice in this process. Experimental results on RecSys, Movielens 100 K, and Movielens 1 M datasets show that FGCF improves the collaborative filtering RS performance in terms of quality and accuracy of recommendations, time and space complexities. The FGCF method is robust against the sparsity of data due to the correct choice of neighbours and avoids the users' different rating scales problem but it not able to solve the cold‐start challenge.
Unravelling the effect of environment on the genome of Sarda breed ewes using Runs of Homozygosity
Authors: Cesarani Alberto , Gaspa Giustino , Correddu Fabio , Dimauro Corrado , Macciotta Nicolò P. P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNatural adaptation and artificial selection have shaped the genome of modern livestock breeds. Among SNP‐based metrics that are used to detect signatures of selection at genome‐wide level, runs of homozygosity (ROH) are getting increasing popularity. In this paper, ROH distribution and features of a sample of 823 Sarda breed ewes farmed at different levels of altitude are analysed to investigate the effect of the environment on the patterns of homozygosity. A total of 46,829 (33,087 unique) ROH were detected. OAR2 exhibited the largest average number of ROH per animal. The most frequent ROH (OAR27, 38.9–44.2 Mb) was shared by 327. ROH length was statistically affected (p < 0.001) by both the altitude and temperature of the place where the flock was located. The highest probability of a SNP falling in a ROH was observed for hill ewes, whereas the smallest one for mountain. A total of 457 SNP exceeded the 99th percentile of the ROH count per SNP distribution and were considered significant. These markers mapped in eight chromosomes and they clustered into 17 ROH islands, where 80 candidate genes were mapped. Results of this study highlighted differences in the ROH distribution and features among sheep farmed in flocks located at different levels of altitude, confirming the role of environmental adaptability in shaping the genome of this breed.
Rapid visual detection of Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus using recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow dipsticks
Authors: Feng Zizhao , Chu Xin , Han Minzhen , Yu Chenwei , Jiang Yousheng , Wang Hao , Lu Liqun , Xu Dan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLargemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is an important freshwater‐cultured species in China. Recently, a lethal and epidemic disease caused by Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) results in huge economic losses to the largemouth bass industry. Current diagnostics for detecting MSRV are limited in sensitivity and speed and are inconvenient to be used for non‐laboratory detection. In this study, three rapid and convenient detection assays of MSRV by recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and lateral flow dipsticks (LFD), targeting the conserved sequences of the MSRV‐SS N gene, are described. With these RPA methods, the detection could achieve within 50 min at 38°C. Both methods of RPA‐AGE and RPA‐LFD could detect the viral DNA as low as 170 copies/μl of the MSRV standard plasmid and were 100‐fold more sensitive than that in the method of routine PCR. Meanwhile, these RPA methods were highly specific for the detection of MSRV and can be feasibly applied to the diagnostic of MSRV infection. In brief, RPA‐AGE, RPA‐LFD and RT‐RPA‐LFD provide convenient, rapid, sensitive and reliable methods that could improve field diagnosis of MSRV with limited machine resources, and would enhance the production of largemouth bass.
Mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascades in plant signaling
Authors: Zhang Mengmeng , Zhang Shuqun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are key signaling modules downstream of receptors/sensors that perceive either endogenously produced stimuli such as peptide ligands and damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or exogenously originated stimuli such as pathogen/microbe‐associated molecular patterns (P/MAMPs), pathogen‐derived effectors, and environmental factors. In this review, we provide a historic view of plant MAPK research and summarize recent advances in the establishment of MAPK cascades as essential components in plant immunity, response to environmental stresses, and normal growth and development. Each tier of the MAPK cascades is encoded by a small gene family, and multiple members can function redundantly in an MAPK cascade. Yet, they carry out a diverse array of biological functions in plants. How the signaling specificity is achieved has become an interesting topic of MAPK research. Future investigations into the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the regulation of MAPK activation including the activation kinetics and magnitude in response to a stimulus, the spatiotemporal expression patterns of all the components in the signaling pathway, and functional characterization of novel MAPK substrates are central to our understanding of MAPK functions and signaling specificity in plants.
Latent profiles of autism symptoms in children and adolescents with Down syndrome
Authors: Fidler D. J. , Prince M. A. , Van Deusen K. , Esbensen A. J. , Thurman A. J. , Abbeduto L. , Patel L. , Mervis C. , Schworer E. K. , Lee N. R. , Edgin J. O. , Hepburn S. , Davis S. , Daunhauer L. A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground: Down syndrome (DS) is associated with elevated rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism symptomatology. To better characterise heterogeneity in ASD symptomatology in DS, profiles of caregiver‐reported ASD symptoms were modelled for children and adolescents with DS. Methods: Participants (n = 125) were recruited through several multi‐site research studies on cognition and language in DS. Using the Social Responsiveness Scale‐2 (SRS‐2; Constantino and Gruber 2012), two latent profile analyses (LPA) were performed, one on the broad composite scores of social communication and interaction and restricted interests and repetitive behaviour, and a second on the four social dimensions of social communication, social motivation, social awareness, and social cognition. Results: A three‐profile model was the best fit for both analyses, with each analysis yielding a low ASD symptom profile, an elevated or mixed ASD symptom profile and a high ASD symptom profile. Associations were observed between profile probability scores and IQ, the number of co‐occurring biomedical conditions reported, sex, and SRS‐2 form. Conclusions: Characterising heterogeneity in ASD symptom profiles can inform more personalised supports in this population, and implications for potential therapeutic approaches for individuals with DS are discussed.
Examining effects of the flipped classroom approach on motivation, learning strategies, urinary system knowledge, and urinary catheterization skills of first‐year nursing students
Authors: Aksoy Berna , Pasli Gurdogan Eylem 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimIn nursing education, innovative approaches are crucial to enhancing students’ competence and preparing them to respond to the complex healthcare needs of society. The aim of the current study was to compare the efficacy of the flipped classroom and traditional educational approaches on the acquisition of urinary system knowledge and skill level, and on the motivation and learning strategies of first‐year nursing students.MethodsThis study was implemented with a single blind and randomized controlled design in the nursing department of a university’s faculty of health sciences between December 2018 and December 2019, with 94 first‐year undergraduate nursing students (47 in the experimental group adopting a flipped classroom approach, 47 students in the traditional approach control group). The study was conducted over pre‐test and posttest phases for both groups.ResultsThe experimental group had higher mean scores than the controls in intrinsic goal orientation, task value, self‐efficacy, rehearsal, elaboration, and organization and effort regulation, but lower scores in test anxiety (p < 0.001). The theoretical and skill exam scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe flipped classroom approach was effective for improving urinary system knowledge and skill level, and for the motivation and learning strategies of nursing students. This innovative education approach can be recommended as a student‐centered method in nursing education for teaching theoretical knowledge and evidence‐based practices.
Detection and quantification of Aβ−3–40 (APP669‐711) in cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Klafki Hans‐Wolfgang , Wirths Oliver , Mollenhauer Brit , Liepold Thomas , Rieper Petra , Esselmann Hermann , Vogelgsang Jonathan , Wiltfang Jens , Jahn Olaf 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNeurochemical biomarkers can support the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and may facilitate clinical trials. In blood plasma, the ratio of the amyloid‐β (Aβ) peptides Aβ−3–40/Aβ1–42 can predict cerebral amyloid‐β pathology with high accuracy (Nakamura et al., 2018). Whether or not Aβ−3–40 (aka. amyloid precursor protein (APP) 669–711) is also present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is not clear. Here, we investigated whether Aβ−3–40 can be detected in CSF and to what extent the CSF Aβ−3–40/Aβ42 ratio is able to differentiate between individuals with or without amyloid‐β positron emission tomography (PET) evidence of brain amyloid. The occurrence of Aβ−3–40 in human CSF was assessed by immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry. For quantifying the CSF concentrations of Aβ−3–40 in 23 amyloid PET‐negative and 17 amyloid PET‐positive subjects, we applied a sandwich‐type immunoassay. Our findings provide clear evidence of the presence of Aβ−3–40 and Aβ−3–38 in human CSF. While there was no statistically significant difference in the CSF concentration of Aβ−3–40 between the two diagnostic groups, the CSF Aβ−3–40/Aβ42 ratio was increased in the amyloid PET‐positive individuals. We conclude that Aβ−3–40 appears to be a regular constituent of CSF and may potentially serve to accentuate the selective decrease in CSF Aβ42 in Alzheimer's disease.
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Psychological interventions for sexual function and satisfaction of women with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Xu Jing , Xue Bing , Li Lu , Qiao Jia , Redding Sharon R. , Ouyang Yan‐Qiong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo systematically evaluate the effectiveness of psychological interventions for women with breast cancer on sexual function, sexual satisfaction, sexual relationships, sexual distress and sexual quality of life.BackgroundSexual dysfunction is common in women with breast cancer and seriously affects their quality of life and marital harmony. Several studies have explored the effects of psychological interventions related to sexual function of women with breast cancer, but results were inconclusive.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.MethodA search of PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, ClinicalTrials.gov. and Open Grey was conducted from inception to 9 May 2021. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data and conducted a quality appraisal of included studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists.ResultsFifteen studies involving 1307 participants were included. The current study showed that psychological interventions made statistically significant improvements in sexual function (SMD = 0.82; 95% CI = [0.43, 1.20]; p < .001), sexual satisfaction (SMD = 0.95; 95% CI = [0.19, 1.72]; p = .01), sexual relationships (SMD = 0.37; 95% CI = [0.15, 0.60]; p = .001) and sexual distress (MD = −5.05; 95% CI = [−7.88, −2.22]; p = .0005) of women with breast cancer. A subgroup analysis regarding the types of psychological interventions indicated that cognitive behavioural therapy and psychoeducational therapy were beneficial to sexual function and satisfaction, and psychosexual counselling could also improve sexual function.ConclusionPsychological interventions, especially psychoeducational therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy, are effective for improving the sexual health of women with breast cancer.Relevance to clinical practiceThis current study provides evidence for the application of psychosexual interventions in women with breast cancer.RegistrationThe study has been registered on the PROSPERO on 6 June 2021, with the registration number CRD42021253493.