bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Criminal justice cooperation to combat transnational wildlife crime: An examination of cooperation between China and Africa
Authors: Liu Bingyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEffective criminal justice cooperation is critical to combat transnational wildlife crimes and disrupt illegal supply chains. However, few studies have examined criminal justice cooperation between China and African countries, which represent the primary global wildlife importers and exporters, respectively, in combating wildlife crimes. Prompted by the rampant wildlife trafficking between China and Africa, this article aims to fill the literature gap on the topic by examining how the existing forms of criminal justice cooperation (formal and informal cooperation) are currently being used and exploring the strengths, limitations and interactions of the two forms of cooperation through in‐depth interviews and comparative analysis. The findings indicate that both formal and informal criminal justice cooperation between China and Africa are crucial to combat transnational wildlife crime. Where formal cooperation is absent, the informal approach can promote cooperation to address wildlife trafficking to some extent. Although there has been gradual progress in criminal justice cooperation between China and Africa in recent years, this article shows that the immature development of formal criminal justice cooperation and the rare use of the anti‐money laundering mechanism for informal cooperation have resulted in sub‐optimally effective criminal justice cooperation. The article offers suggestions to enhance formal and informal criminal justice cooperation under the multi‐actor collaboration arrangement for future criminal justice cooperation between China and Africa to address transnational illegal wildlife trade.
Analysis of brain signal change response in amygdala evoked by skin pressure stimulus
Authors: Yuan Jie , Wang Qicai , Shang Shanshan , Lei Yutian , Lou Lin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt was well known that the human body would produce an uncomfortable sensation when the fabric exerted a certain amount of pressure irritation on the skin. The amygdala had long been thought to be the source of negative emotion perception. However, up to now, the brain signal changes in the amygdala evoked by skin exposure pressure had not been known.Materials and methodsIn this work, a series of gradually increasing contact pressure stimulus from boneless corsets was repeatedly applied to the body's waist and abdomen, and the technology of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was adopted to detect the brain response synchronously.ResultsThe results shown that both subjective comfort score and percent signal changes (PSCs) of amygdala decreased with the increase of skin contact pressure. When the skin pressure applied to the waist and abdomen of the human body exceeded about 1 kPa, blood oxygen level dependent signal in the amygdala was negatively activated. Besides, the degree of response of PSCs was intense than subjective evaluation, and the standard deviations of PSCs between individuals were much smaller than subjective evaluations.ConclusionIt was suggested that skin contact pressure stimulus caused the attention of the amygdala brain area. The greater the stimulus, the higher the attention, but such attention was caused by negative activation of the amygdala induced by skin discomfort. In addition, skin comfort representation based on brain perception was superior to subjective representation due to its higher response sensitivity and antipsychological interference ability.
Strain partitioning in the Moine Nappe, northernmost Scotland
Authors: Southern Sarah Collier , Mosher Sharon , Orlandini Omero Felipe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Extreme strain in the form of flattening or constriction during noncoaxial shear in ductile shear zones provides a record of ductile thrust system dynamics and the overall tectonic evolution. Within the Moine Nappe in northern Scotland, between the Ben Hope and Moine thrusts, the Strathan Conglomerate displays apparent strain partitioning with extreme flattening (e.g., laterally extensive sheets of deformed pebbles with aspect ratios of 134:113:1 and 88–92% estimated thinning) adjacent to the overlying Ben Hope Thrust and extreme constriction (e.g., rods with aspect ratios of 21:4:1 and estimated extension of 1000%) lower in the nappe package. We demonstrate that partitioning of strain is between its intensity and how deformation is manifested. Field, microstructural, and crystallographic orientation data from this study indicate that both areas were deformed by WNW-directed noncoaxial shear and coaxial flattening under amphibolite-facies conditions. Adjacent to the Ben Hope thrust, flattening was pervasive during nonco-axial shear, whereas beneath and within the Moine Nappe package, polyphase folding dominated. There, early, large-scale folds (F2) rotated into the transport direction. Subsequent transport-parallel (F3) folds and tubular sheath folds formed on the F2 limbs and were dismembered to form rods. No evidence of constriction is observed; instead, pervasive noncoaxial shear was accompanied by minor flattening under decreasing temperature conditions. Thus, these S-tectonites in the Moine Nappe are the result of concentrated flattening of pebbles into sheets during WNW-directed shear, whereas the L-tectonites result from heterogeneously distributed shear and folding, coupled with minor flattening, which produced rods without constriction.
Illuminating geology in areas of limited exposure using texture shading of lidar digital terrain models
Authors: Allmendinger Richard W. , Karabinos Paul 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Regions of sparse exposure challenge geologic mappers because of limited information available on the underlying structure and continuity of the map units. We introduce here a little-known technique for post-processing bare earth digital terrain models (DTMs) that can dramatically improve knowledge of the underlying structure in covered areas. Texture shading enhances changes in slope and does not suffer from limitations introduced by artificial illumination required in hillshade or shaded relief images. When this technique is applied to lidar DTMs, layers of rock units with variable resistance to erosion can be clearly imaged, even in areas with limited outcrop. This technique enables one to collect comprehensive orientation data in areas of deformed sedimentary strata, assess the continuity of metamorphic and igneous rock units, and depict basement fracture sets. We demonstrate the use of texture shading in the Valley and Ridge of northern Pennsylvania, metamorphic rocks in the Berkshire Hills of western Massachusetts and Green Mountains of Vermont, and glacial deposits in the Finger Lakes region of upstate New York (northeastern United States).
Detection and phylogenetic assessment of PRV-1 via sampling of biological materials released from salmon farms in British Columbia
Authors: Mordecai Gideon , Beardslee Kurt , Glambeck Bonny , Frazer Neil , Routledge Richard , Morton Alexandra 
Published: November 2022

The growth of the net pen salmon farming industry and the concurrent decline of many wild salmon populations have generated an ongoing call for research into the potential role of infectious agents associated with salmon farming. Here, we describe a method to screen for the presence of viral nucleic acids by sampling biological waste in the vicinity of farms. We collected biological samples adjacent to 56 marine net pens from five different companies, and two farm salmon processing plants ( n = 230), 70% of samples were positive for Piscine orthoreovirus-1 (PRV-1). Viral genome segments S1 ( n = 68) and M2 ( n = 39) were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Sequences were all monophyletic to the clade of PRV-1 routinely found in the region. Consistent with previous studies, samples collected near Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) farms were related to a lineage of PRV-1a commonly detected in both farmed and wild salmon in British Columbia, while a related lineage of PRV-1a was detected near Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) farms. Similarity in sequence within companies suggests that Atlantic salmon freshwater hatcheries are a probable source of this virus to the marine environment, concordant with recent detections of PRV-1 within those hatcheries.
Origin and destination attachment: study of cultural integration on Twitter
Authors: Kim Jisu , Sîrbu Alina , Giannotti Fosca , Rossetti Giulio , Rapoport Hillel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe cultural integration of immigrants conditions their overall socio-economic integration as well as natives’ attitudes towards globalisation in general and immigration in particular. At the same time, excessive integration—or assimilation—can be detrimental in that it implies forfeiting one’s ties to the origin country and eventually translates into a loss of diversity (from the viewpoint of host countries) and of global connections (from the viewpoint of both host and home countries). Cultural integration can be described using two dimensions: the preservation of links to the origin country and culture, which we call origin attachment, and the creation of new links together with the adoption of cultural traits from the new residence country, which we call destination attachment. In this paper we introduce a means to quantify these two aspects based on Twitter data. We build origin and destination attachment indices and analyse their possible determinants (e.g., language proximity, distance between countries), also in relation to Hofstede’s cultural dimension scores. The results stress the importance of language: a common language between origin and destination countries favours origin attachment, as does low proficiency in the host language. Common geographical borders seem to favour both origin and destination attachment. Regarding cultural dimensions, larger differences among origin and destination countries in terms of Individualism, Masculinity and Uncertainty appear to favour destination attachment and lower origin attachment.
The Ordovician of Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan)
Authors: Pour Mansoureh Ghobadi , Popov Leonid E. , Kim Aleksey I. , Abduazimova Zoja M. , Mikolaichuk Alexander V. , Kim Irina A. , Ospanova Narima , Erina Maya V. , Salimova Firuza A. , Klishevich Inna , Saidov Mirzo S. , Davlatov Nodirzhon H. , Abdiyev Nuriddin H. , Koldybekov Oybek Ya , Gordeev Dmitriy , Rustamov Shohmuhammad T. , Yangiboev Shokhrukh B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The region of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan includes five first-order tectonic units with an Early Paleozsoic sedimentary record, comprising North Tien Shan, Karatau Naryn, Turkestan–Alai, Zeravshan–Hissar and the Central Pamirs. Available palaeobiogeographical and palaeomagnetic data suggest that these were widely dispersed in the Ordovician. North Tien Shan, Karatau Naryn, Turkestan–Alai were separate microcontinents located in the low southern latitudes throughout the Ordovician in relative proximity to the western Gondwana margin. Zeravshan–Hissar and the Central Pamirs were also parts of the Gondwana supercontinent but were located in temperate latitudes. The geological literature on the Ordovician of the region is assessed to provide an updated palaeontological record, outline of lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphic correlation based on the International Chronostratigraphic Chart. The Ordovician biostratigraphy of Central Asia is mainly graptolite-based; however, that record is discontinuous, and the absence of detailed faunal logs and lack of monographic studies causes difficulty in precisely locating system and stage boundaries. Although an extensive faunal record has been documented, often it is based on preliminary taxonomical identifications which are not reliable for high-resolution biostratigraphy and tracing biodiversity patterns.
Investigation of electrical properties of developed indigenous natural ester liquid used as alternate to transformer insulation
Authors: Mukundappa Srinivasa Doddasiddavanahalli , Surendra Usha 
Published: November 2022

<p>The <span>performance of every electrical system depends on the different electrical devices especially transformers. Petroleum-based mineral oil is widely used for insulation and cooling purpose. The disadvantage of mineral oil is its low biodegradability and is a major threat to the ecosystem due to its poor oxidative stability. To remedy the drawbacks, focus on alternative fluids that can replace traditional mineral oil. Alternative liquids such as natural esters are used which do not panic the ecosystem. With the support of additives in natural esters liquids, the productivity of the oil can be increased, paving the path for the green conversion of liquids in high voltage applications. The purpose of this article is to analyze the electrical properties of the newly developed indigenous oil. The inhibited oil was insulating oil to which antioxidants were added such as 2,6-ditertiary-butylparacresol, butylated hydroxyl anisole and tertiary butyl hydro qunine to slow down the oxidation rate and to check the electrical properties. This article discusses the electrical properties of mineral oil, developed indigenous oil with and without antioxidants as per IEC62770 standards. A 1.1 kVA transformer was then designed in a laboratory for load tests and Indigenous oil performance under load was evaluated.</span></p>
Influência da relação sangue/anticoagulante e da temperatura de armazenamento em parâmetros plaquetários utilizando o analisador Cell Dyn Ruby®
Authors: Wolski Maria Júlia , Moss Mariane Faria , Kalva-Borato Danielle Cristyane 
Published: November 2022

Introdução: O resultado laboratorial é diretamente influenciado por etapas da fase pré-analítica, como método de coleta, transporte e armazenamento das amostras biológicas. Desta forma, a estabilidade da amostra biológica é um aspecto crucial e determinante para a qualidade dos resultados de um laboratório clínico. Estudos demonstram que alguns parâmetros plaquetários podem sofrer modificações na presença da relação sangue/anticoagulante alterada, com aumento do tempo de estocagem e/ou alterações na temperatura de armazenamento, podendo levar a resultados não representativos. Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a confiabilidade dos parâmetros plaquetários com relação ao efeito da relação anticoagulante/sangue e da temperatura de armazenamento, em amostras estocadas por até 24 horas após a coleta, utilizando o equipamento Cell Dyn Ruby®. Métodos: Foram avaliados 351 hemogramas, em diferentes tempos de análise: 2, 5, 12 e 24 horas e formas de estocagem: à temperatura ambiente (25⁰C) e à 4⁰C, além da relação anticoagulante/sangue. Foram selecionados os seguintes parâmetros plaquetários: PLT (contagem total de plaquetas), VPM (volume plaquetário médio), PDW (amplitude de variação do tamanho das plaquetas) e PCT (plaquetócrito). A confiabilidade dos resultados foi avaliada pelo CVa (%), dentro da variação analítica máxima permitida, assim como pela diferença de média dos resultados em relação à amostra de base (2 horas). Resultados: A contagem total de plaquetas foi o único parâmetro avaliado que apresentou reprodutibilidade de resultados em todas as condições analisadas. Em relação aos demais parâmetros plaquetários, foi observado imprecisão dos resultados emitidos pelo Cell Dyn Ruby®, a partir de 5 horas de estocagem, tanto em temperatura ambiente quanto refrigerada. Conclusão: Este estudo demonstra que fatores pré-analíticos, como a temperatura de armazenamento e o tempo de estocagem, podem afetar a variabilidade dos parâmetros plaquetários, podendo produzir resultados equivocados. Deste modo, deve-se respeitar a correta relação sangue/anticoagulante e evitar o processamento tardio da amostra.
Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Activation in Motor and Language Areas Suggest a Compensatory Role of the Motor Cortex in Second Language Processing
Authors: Tian Lili , Chen Hongjun , Heikkinen Pyry Petteri , Liu Wenya , Parviainen Tiina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The involvement of the motor cortex in language understanding has been intensively discussed in the framework of embodied cognition. Although some studies have provided evidence for the involvement of the motor cortex in different receptive language tasks, the role that it plays in language perception and understanding is still unclear. In the present study, we explored the degree of involvement of language and motor areas in a visually presented sentence comprehension task, modulated by language proficiency (L1: native language, L2: second language) and linguistic abstractness (literal, metaphorical, and abstract). Magnetoencephalography data were recorded from 26 late Chinese learners of English. A cluster-based permutation F test was performed on the amplitude of the source waveform for each motor and language region of interest (ROI). Results showed a significant effect of language proficiency in both language and motor ROIs, manifested as overall greater involvement of language ROIs (short insular gyri and planum polare of the superior temporal gyrus) in the L1 than the L2 during 300–500 ms, and overall greater involvement of motor ROI (central sulcus) in the L2 than the L1 during 600–800 ms. We interpreted the over-recruitment of the motor area in the L2 as a higher demand for cognitive resources to compensate for the inadequate engagement of the language network. In general, our results indicate a compensatory role of the motor cortex in L2 understanding.
Making Sense of ‘Homemaking’ in the Diaspora
Authors: Sengupta Roshni 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Diaspora groups across the world have been known for adopting and inventing processes and forms of ‘homemaking’ in their host lands. This article brings into focus the methods of homemaking assumed by the Indo-Surinamese Hindustani diaspora in the Netherlands, which owes its origin to colonial dispersal. Considering their status as a ‘twice-migrant’ diaspora, the process may appear to be distinctly difficult for the Hindustanis, a position this article seeks to examine. The article interrogates the notion of homemaking in the case of the Hindustanis through ethnographic conversational interviews of Indo-Surinamese interlocutors—a unique perspective based on personal histories and everyday experiences.
Understanding Turkey’s Long Debate on Extending Voting Rights to External Residents through Parliamentary Minutes
Authors: Anaz Necati , Kose Mehmet 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Extending voting rights to citizens living abroad has been one of the longest debated subjects in the Turkish Parliament, even more persistent than is generally assumed in academic and political circles. In this study, we aim to understand how Turkish political decision-makers conceived Turkey’s external residents’ right to vote from abroad and the rationalisations and conjectures put forward by parliamentarians during different political times. For this purpose, we traced parliamentary minutes back from the beginning of Turkey’s two party-system to the present. We found that two channels of demand for change existed: pressure from citizens living overseas and individual parliamentarians who had connections with residents abroad. We also noticed that opposition parties’ agenda towards the Turkish diaspora’s right to vote differed when they took control of the government. Additionally, we found that coups d’état and the established bureaucracy in Turkey resisted the diaspora’s right to participate in national elections.
The Super Foul Apostles: Sexual Impropriety, Disgust, and Stinky Affective Histories in 2 Cor. 11:2–4
Authors: Gunderson Jaimie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article explores the affective textures of Paul’s construction of his apostolic “opponents” in the paternal and erotic metaphor of 2 Corinthians 11:2–4. Building on insights from affect theory and studies in the cultural history of emotions, I examine the ways that Paul’s polemic thrives on a representation of reality predicated on affective and sensory stimuli, namely the odor of disgust. I suggest that Paul maligns the bodies of the other apostles as grotesque and morally repugnant, indexing them in a disgust-centered physiology overflowing with olfactory associations prevalent across the ancient world. Moving beyond a language-bound analysis of Paul’s polemic, this study demonstrates that Paul’s letters are potent with affect and visceral immediacy.
Response: The Blur of Letters, the Residue of Reception
Authors: Kotrosits Maia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This short piece offers a reflection, in light of the papers preceding it, on how we might engage some of the epistemological provocations associated with affect to reconceptualize letters and “reception” (the receiving of letters, the ongoing life of other kinds of texts). Drawing especially from Michal Beth Dinkler’s notion of “epistolary embodiment,” and putting it in conversation with Fred Moten’s description of “blur” in Black sociality and Erin Manning’s (related) understanding of infrathin moments of perception, this piece proposes that semantic meaning is only one part of the way we make sense of letters, and texts at large.
Identification and functional characterization of WNT5 in the ovarian maturation of Exopalaemon carinicauda (Holthuis, 1950) (Caridea, Palaemonidae)
Authors: Lai Xiao F. , Shi Ting T. , Chen Hao , Shen Shan R. , Gao Huan , Wu Ge T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Wnt family, the ligand of the Wnt signal pathway, is highly conserved and plays an important role in various cellular processes including reproduction and development. In this study, wnt5 was cloned from the ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda (Ec-wnt5) and its function in ovarian maturation was investigated. The results showed that the Ec-wnt5 cDNA was 2422 bp, including an ORF with 1116 bp encoding a polypeptide with 371 amino acids. Ec-WNT5 had the highest homology with WNT5 from Penaeus vannamei (93.1%). Ec-wnt5 was expressed in 9 tissues with the most expression in ovary and increased significantly () along with ovarian maturation, while decreased significantly () with vitellogenin and cathepsin L in E. carinicauda ovary post Ec-wnt5 RNA interference. All gonadosmatic indices of the RNAi group were significantly lower than those of the control (). The results suggest that Ec-WNT5 might be the key member of the Wnt family involved in ovarian maturation.
On Bread and National Ruin
Authors: Schlachet Joshua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article explores a reactionary, and ultimately failed, medical dietary movement that sought to counter the influence of Western nutritional sciences at the turn of the twentieth century. Its supporters looked to the early modern past to create a vision of traditional Japanese foodways based on whole grains, unpolished rice, and locally grown vegetables, a nutritional regimen they called cerealism. In articulating a Japanese national diet, cerealism offered a new promise to not only recapture Japan’s food culture but its national subjectivity by envisioning native eating habits that could build both superior physique and quality of character. The intrusion of the Western staples of bread and meat, supporters feared, could cause the downfall of the Japanese nation on bodily, spiritual, and economic grounds. Cerealism thus sought to upend the universal claims of Western medical science by posing a simple question: Was there such a thing as Japanese nutrition?