bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and risk factors of cognitive disorders after urologic endoscopic surgery
Authors: Dahmen M. , Chrigui R. , Loghmari A. , Soussi M. , Mansour S. , Bouassida K. , Kahloul M. , Naija W. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPostoperative cognitive disorders are an emerging public health problem because of its related socio-economic impact.: Postoperative cognitive disorders are an emerging public health problem because of its related socio-economic impact.ObjectivesTo determine the incidence and risk factors of cognitive disorders after endoscopic resection in urology.MethodsThis is an observational, descriptive and analytical study carried out in the urology department of Sahloul University Hospital during a 3 month period, and enrolling patients scheduled for endoscopic resections. Collected data included socio-demographic characteristics and parameters related to the operative management. Cognitive disorders were assessed by the MOCA Test one day before the intervention, then, during the first postoperative day. Patients developing TURP syndrome were excluded.ResultsDuring the study period, 104 patients were enrolled with a mean age of 67.76 years. The sex ratio was 33.6. Main interventions were transurethral resection of bladder tumor and transurethral resection of the prostate.The incidence of cognitive disorders was 45.2% after endoscopic resection. Main Risk factors in multivariate analysis were age (p <10-3), low educational level (p <0.001), sedentary (p <0.001), smoking (p = 0.029), an age gap with spouse> 10 years (p <0.001), high blood pressure (p <0.001), myocardial infarction (p = 0.005); chronic bronchitis (p = 0.002), sleep disorders (p <0.001), preoperative concentration disturbances (p = 0.005), poor quality of patient information (p <0.05), and the type of anesthesia (p = 0.012).ConclusionsThe incidence of cognitive disorders after urologic endoscopic surgery is considerable. Patients with risk factors require preventive measures, regular screening and optimal management.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychiatric Misdiagnosis in Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Yay Pençe A. , Ekmekçi Ertek İ. , Coşar B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionFrontotemporal dementia(FTD) is the prevalent type of primary progressive dementia. Psychiatric symptoms can be seen in FTD. So it can imitate psychiatric disorders and be misdiagnosed. However, few studies have investigated the underlying cause of misdiagnosis.ObjectivesThe primary aim of this study was to identify the prior psychiatric diagnoses of patients before receiving a definitive diagnosis of FTD and the main reasons to cause diagnostic delay.MethodsWe screened through the records of patients who were admitted to our psychiatry outpatient or inpatient clinic from January 1st, 2018 to June 30th, 2021. The patients with FTD were included in our study.ResultsOur sample consisted of 13 patients with FTD(mean age= 54.77 ± 12.22, 7 females). Psychiatric misdiagnoses were depression(n=6), psychosis(n=5), bipolar affective disorder (n=5), conversion disorder(n=4), and malingering(n=1). As we looked at the first symptoms of the patients, it was revealed that 9 of 12 patients presented with depressive symptoms or at least experienced a short depressive period at the beginning of their behavioral changes. Interestingly, 8 of 12 patients had given a history of stressful life events just before their complaints emerged, which was thought the main misdirector for physicians. The average delays in diagnosis were 14.58(±16.93) months in the psychiatry clinic, 5.66(±11.02) months in the neurology clinic in our hospital.ConclusionsOur study suggests that the depressive episode preceding behavioral changes may be the prodromal stage for fully developed FTD. Moreover, the depressive episode and the history of stressful life events appear to mislead clinicians in diagnosing FTD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
When Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder reaches adulthood
Authors: Morais A.S. , Gomes R. , Descalço N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was classically considered a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental condition. Over the past 40 years, it became evident that it can persist during adulthood.ObjectivesThe purpose of the authors is to describe the characteristics of ADHD in adults and the specific comorbidities, proposing an approach to these patients.MethodsA brief non-systematized review is presented, using the literature available on PubMed and Google Scholar.ResultsOnly 40-50% of children and adolescents with ADHD will have symptoms that persist into adulthood (estimated adult prevalence of 2.8% across 20 countries; 25% in prisons). A more subtle presentation in adults and the difficulty to access past medical history, lead to diagnosis and treatment rates of lower than 20% (versus 50% in children). Well-characterized core symptoms in children evolve into a predominance of inattention symptoms. They became adults with marked disorganization, difficulties in completing tasks and managing time. Emotional dysregulation is a very prevalent symptom in this population. The comorbidities rate increase over time (reaching 75% of patients).ConclusionsAdults (or even older subjects) with cognitive and/or behavioural complaints should be submitted to systematic screening for ADHD. Non-treated ADHD symptoms in adulthood are associated with severe impairment, therefore adjustments in the health care system to support the transition from child to adult services are needed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Unique treatment principles in the service of speech treatment – The VML method
Authors: Vashdi E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionChildhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS) was declared as a motor speech disorder by ASHA (2007). The prevalence of CAS is yet to determined due to difficulties in reliable diagnosis, however 63.6% of children with ASD were found to Apraxic (Tierney et al, 2015), hence prevalence would be at least 1/100 (ASD prevalence is 1/54).ObjectivesThe consequences of inability to speak in early and advanced developmental age are many and might include frustration, anger, depression, communication deficit, language delay, poor social skills and behavioural problems. Not only treating motor speech disorder is challenging enough, the external consequences make it far more difficult.MethodsThe VML method (Verbal Motor Learning) was designed to treat the motor aspect of speech. It uses manual techniques and motor learning principles in order to directly teach the basic milestones of speech for children with CAS. In addition, the importance of the manner of the practice was established over the years, extracting 16 unique treatment principles. These principles guide the therapist regarding HOW to perform the practice, while giving an answer to the external CAS consequences.ResultsThe principles are the platform, managing energy levels, relationship, attention, goal-oriented thinking, emotional safety, treatment structure, rhythm, timing, threshold point, support, dynamic thinking, ecological treatment, proactivity, clarity and commitment.ConclusionsThe lecture will introduce the 16 principles briefly, and demonstrate the use of them via treatment videos.DisclosureI am the founder of the VML method and I teach it in various countries.
Concomitant diagnosis of bipolar disorder and tuberous sclerosis - a case report
Authors: Santos M. , Ferreira T. , Neves P. , Peres J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTuberous sclerosis is a multisystem genetic disorder. It is associated with significant psychiatric comorbidity mainly autistic disorders, hyperkinetic disorders, depression and anxiety. It is rarely associated with psychosis and bipolar disorder.ObjectivesTo describe the case of a 34-year-old male with concomitant diagnosis of bipolar disorder and tuberous sclerosis.MethodsCase report based on clinical records. Brief literature review using articles searched in the PubMed/MEDLINE database using the terms “tuberous sclerosis”, “bipolar disorder” and “neuropsychiatric”.ResultsThe patient presented at our Emergency Department 3 years ago with a mixed episode with psychotic symptoms with 1 month of duration. Prior history of two hypomanic episodes, but no depressive episodes. High baseline functionality. Sporadic use of alcohol and cannabis. No family history of psychiatric or neurological diseases. Diagnostic work-up showed no relevant results, aside from small calcifications in brain CT. He was admitted to our ward and medicated with aripiprazol (titrated up to 30 mg), leading to full remission of the clinical picture. The patient was referred to our outpatient clinic and stayed with medication for 1,5 years. One year after, he presented a sudden episode of mutism and perplexity with quick remission. The EEG wielded no relevant results. New brain CT showed signs of tuberous sclerosis. He was referred to Neurology and subsequent assessments, including brain MRI, led to the fulfilment of clinical criteria for tuberous sclerosis.ConclusionsThis case illustrates the possibility of concomitant diagnosis of bipolar disorder and tuberous sclerosis. The possible association between these disorders is discussed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
A Review of Aeruginascin and Potential Entourage Effect in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms
Authors: Chue P. , Andreiev A. , Bucuci E. , Els C. , Chue J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe 5-HT2A agonist classic psychedelic, psilocybin (O-phosphoryl-4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) is a tryptophan, indole-based alkaloid present in up to 2% of certain hallucinogenic “magic” mushroom species; typically Psilocybe azurescens, semilanceata, and cyanescens,. In addition, mushrooms may contain psilocin (4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine). Both are indolylalkylamines (tryptamines); other naturally occurring tryptamine compounds include norbaeocystin, baeocystin, norpsilocin, and aeruginascin. A putative synergistic contribution of these compounds has been referred to as the “entourage” effect. Aeruginascin (N,N,N-trimethyl-4-phosphoryloxytryptamine) is found naturally in Inocybe aeruginascens and Pholiotina cyanopus mushroom species and ingestion reportedly invokes elevation in mood without accompanying hallucinogenic effects:ObjectivesTo review the pharmacology of aeruginascin and putative entourage effect.MethodsThe extant literature on aeruginascin was reviewed and discussed.ResultsMethylation of aeruginascin results in an active metabolite, 4-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine (4-HO-TMT) which has been shown to bind at 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2B receptors with Inhibition Constants (Ki) of 4400, 670, and 120 nM respectively; compared with psilocybin’s binding of 567.4, 107.2 and 4.6 nM respectively. Further, 4-HO-TMT does not bind at the 5-HT3 receptor, and as a quaternary trimethylammonium compound it is less likely to be able to cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB).ConclusionsThere are very limited data with respect to the pharmacology of aeruginascin. Its activity at serotonin receptors is less by several orders of magnitude than psilocybin and it has potentially less brain penetrance. Given that it is found in different mushrooms species the data would suggest that its direct contribution to any entourage effect is limited. Further research in needed into other naturally occurring tryptamine compounds.DisclosurePC is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Zylorion. AA, EB, JC, CE have no disclosures to report.
How Covid-19 changed emergency department access: observational study comparison of patient stage of the day access in the psychiatric emergency department over three years
Authors: Santini R. , Barlattani T. , Jannini T. , Mariano A. , Bianchi F. , Niolu C. , Siracusano A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionA few studies have analyzed the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on psychiatric Emergency Department (ED) accesses. The pandemic may indeed have influenced the phase of day accesses for patients with psychiatric disorders.ObjectivesAim of this cross-sectional study is to analyze how COVID-19 weighed on psychiatric patients daily accesses over the course of three years.MethodsData on 219 patients were retrospectively collected from the ED in the Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome. According to the stage of the day, accesses were divided into 4 groups: between 00:00 and 6:00; between 6:00 a.m. and 12:00 a.m.; between 12:00 a.m. and 18:00 p.m.; between 18:00 p.m. and 00:00 p.m.ResultsPerforming a regression analysis, a relation was found between psychiatric symptoms, stage of the day admission and year. In 2019 the admissions seem to be homogeneously distributed, however during 2021 and 2020 the admissions rates have a delayed evening trend.ConclusionsDespite the low number of accesses considered, the Covid-19 pandemic appears to exert an effect that still lasts in terms of both accesses and worsening or new onset of psychiatric symptoms. Measures taken to prevent the spread of infections may have affected access in the ED of patients in various ways. However, the trend of increasing evening accesses could be related to a saturation of territorial psychiatric services that work mainly until the afternoon. Thus, an enhancement of territorial psychiatric services seems highly necessary to cope with what could be an increase in psychopathology in patients without previous diagnosis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
White matter changes following electroconvulsive therapy for depression: a mega-analysis
Authors: Belge J.-B. , Mulders P. , Van Diermen L. , Dols A. , Oudega M. , Tendolkar I. , Van Eijndhoven P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is proposed to exert an effect on white matter (WM) microstructure, but the limited power of previous studies made it difficult to highlight consistent patterns of change in diffusion metrics.ObjectivesWe initiated a multi-site mega-analysis and sought to address whether changes in WM microstructure occur following ECT.Methods
To this end, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data (n=58) from 4 different sites were harmonized before pooling them by using ComBat, a batch-effect correction tool that removes inter-site technical variability, preserves inter-site biological variability and maximizes statistical power. Downstream statistical analyses aimed to quantify changes in Fractional anisotropy (FA), Mean Diffusivity (MD), Radial Diffusivity (RD) and Axial Diffusivity (AD), by employing whole-brain, tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS).ResultsECT increases FA in the right splenium of the corpus callosum and the left cortico-spinal tract. Both the left superior longitudinal fasciculus and the right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus showed increases in AD. Increases in MD and RD could be observed in overlapping white matter structures of both hemispheres. Finally, responders showed significantly smaller FA values in the left forceps major and smaller AD values in the right uncinate fasciculus compared with non-responders.ConclusionsThis is the first and largest multi-site mega-analysis to demonstrate that ECT normalizes altered WM microstructure in important brain circuits that are implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Furthermore, responders appear to present a more decreased WM integrity at baseline, which if replicated could serve as a biomarker for ECT response.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The thalamus and its subregions – a gateway to obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Weeland C. , Vriend C. , Van Der Werf Y. , Huyser C. , Hillegers M. , Tiemeier H. , White T. , De Joode N. , Thompson P. , Stein D. , Van Den Heuvel O. , Kasprzak S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHigher thalamic volume has been found in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and children with clinical-level symptoms within the general population (Boedhoe et al. 2017, Weeland et al. 2021a). Functionally distinct thalamic nuclei are an integral part of OCD-relevant brain circuitry.ObjectivesWe aimed to study the thalamic nuclei volume in relation to subclinical and clinical OCD across different age ranges. Understanding the role of thalamic nuclei and their associated circuits in pediatric OCD could lead towards treatment strategies specifically targeting these circuits.MethodsWe studied the relationship between thalamic nuclei and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in a large sample of school-aged children from the Generation R Study (N = 2500) (Weeland et al. 2021b). Using the data from the ENIGMA-OCD working group we conducted mega-analyses to study thalamic subregional volume in OCD across the lifespan in 2,649 OCD patients and 2,774 healthy controls across 29 sites (Weeland et al. 2021c). Thalamic nuclei were grouped into five subregions: anterior, ventral, intralaminar/medial, lateral and pulvinar (Figure 1).ResultsBoth children with subclinical and clinical OCD compared with controls show increased volume across multiple thalamic subregions. Adult OCD patients have decreased volume across all subregions (Figure 2), which was mostly driven by medicated and adult-onset patients.Conclusions
Our results suggests that OCD-related thalamic volume differences are global and not driven by particular subregions and that the direction of effects are driven by both age and medication status.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Atypical working hours are associated with substance use, especially in women: longitudinal analyses from the CONSTANCES cohort
Authors: Hamieh N. , Airagnes G. , Descatha A. , Goldberg M. , Limosin F. , Roquelaure Y. , Lemogne C. , Zins M. , Matta J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDifficult working conditions could be associated with addictive behaviors.ObjectivesTo examine the prospective associations between atypical working hours and substance use, including sugar and fat consumption.Methods
In the CONSTANCES cohort, a total of 47,288 men and 53,324 women currently employed were included from 2012-2017 for tobacco and cannabis outcomes, and 35,647 and 39,767, respectively from 2012-2016 for alcohol and sugar and fat outcomes, and they were then followed up annually. Atypical working hours were self-reported at baseline and considered three different indicators: night shifts, weekend work and non-fixed working hours. Generalized linear models computed odds of substance use and sugar and fat consumption at follow-up according to baseline atypical working hours while adjusting for sociodemographic factors, baseline depression and baseline level of consumption.ResultsNight shifts increased significantly the odds of using tobacco in women (Odds ratios, ORs varying from 1.55 to 1.62) and cannabis in men (ORs varying from 1.80 to 1.95). Weekend work increased the odds of using tobacco (ORs varying from 1.51 to 1.67) and alcohol (OR of 1.16) in women. Non-fixed working hours increased the odds of using tobacco and alcohol in men and women (ORs varying from 1.15 to 1.19 and 1.12 to 1.14, respectively). Dose-dependent relationships were found for tobacco use in women (P for trends<0.0001). No significant associations were found for sugar and fat consumption.ConclusionsThe role of atypical working hours on substance use should be taken into account by public health policy makers and clinicians for information and prevention strategies, especially among women.DisclosureNadine Hamieh was supported by a grant from “Direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques”, DREES, Ministry of Labour, France.
The moderating role of mental health on the association between gaming time and gaming disorder symtoms
Authors: Koncz P. , Demetrovics Z. , Paksi B. , Magi A. , Eisinger A. , Király O. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionVideo games are among the most popular leisure time activities. While majority of gamers play in a healthy manner, a minority shows gaming disorder (GD) symptoms and experiences detrimenting effects in their lives. Even though gaming time is moderately associated with gaming disorder symtoms, research suggests that it is not a reliable predictor by itself.Objectives
The aim of the present study is to explore whether depression symptoms, self-esteem, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and escapism (when gaming is motivated by the avoidance of everyday problems) moderate the association between gaming time and GD symptoms and whether this is different for boys and girls.Methods
Data was collected from a representative sample of 5th grade students of public education institutions in Budapest. Sample selection was carried out by one-step sampling stratified for school type, district, and maintainer; the sampling unit was the class. Data from 2126 students were analyzed (49.3% male, mean age 10.7 years, SD=0.54).ResultsDepression symptoms moderated the association between gaming time and GD symtoms in both genders. For those with higher depression symptoms the aforementioned association was stronger. Furthermore, self-esteem had a moderator effect only among girls, while escapism motivation and ADHD only among boys. In these cases, the association between gaming time and GD symptoms was stronger among those with lower self-esteem, and higher ADHD and escapism scores.ConclusionsResults suggest that gaming time is more strongly connected to GD symptoms in certain conditions, but its predictive value is limited even in those cases.DisclosureFunding statement: This study was supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (KKP126835). Orsolya Király was supported by the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and by the ÚNKP-21-5
White matter microstructure associated with the range of attentional and impulsive performance in school-aged children
Authors: Gagnon A. , Descoteaux M. , Bocti C. , Grenier G. , Gillet V. , Posner J. , Baccarelli A. , Takser L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionInhibition capabilities have been shown to be a strong predictor of social and educational life outcomes (Mischel & Ebbesen, 1970; Shoda et al., 1990). Inhibition capabilities have an enormous impact on attention and impulsivity (Bari & Robbins, 2013). These two executive functions are associated with numerous psychiatric disorders but are not well understood in terms of white matter (WM) connectivity (Puiu et al., 2018). Novel techniques and statistical approaches in neuroimaging bring us closer to a biologically sustained model.ObjectivesThis research aims to: 1) identify WM connections associated with attention/impulsivity performance and 2) characterize the differences in WM microstructure associated with the variation of the performance.Methods
157 children (GESTE cohort, 8-12 years, 27 Dx ADHD, 2 Dx ASD) with b=1500mm2/s, 2mm isotropic dMRI acquisitions were included. Tractography was performed with TractoFlow pipeline (Theaud et al., 2020). Dimensionality reduction of diffusion metrics yielded two components : microstructural complexity (DTI Metrics, AFD & NuFo) and axonal density (AFD_fixel) (Chamberland et al., 2019). Attention/impulsivity were evaluated with the CPT3. Multivariate linear regression was performed in python.ResultsLower microstructural complexity was associated with poorer attentional performance on regions of the parietal lobe to the occipital gyrus (P-O, p=0.044, R2=0.14, Figure 1.) and the Broadman’s area 8 to area 6 (SF8-SF6, p=0.002, R2=0.12, Figure 1.). Lower axonal density was associated with a less impulsive pattern on SF8-SF6 (p=0.001, R2=0.13, Figure 1.). Results remained significant when removing children with an ADHD or ASD diagnosis.ConclusionsWe identified underlying difference in WM microstructure that may be associated with the variation in attention/impulsivity performance in school-aged children.DisclosureNo significant relationships.