bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidental magnetic resonance imaging findings leading to an unusual diagnosis: Adult onset Krabbe disease
Authors: Paiva Anderson Rodrigues Brandão , Fonseca Neto Ronald Edington , Afonso Clara Lima , Freua Fernando , Nóbrega Paulo Ribeiro , Kok Fernando 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeKrabbe disease (KD), or globoid cell leukodystrophy (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man #245200), is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in GALC leading to galactocerebrosidase deficiency. Age at onset can vary from early infancy (3–6 months of age) to adulthood, which has rarely been reported. Little is known about the natural history and early manifestations of adult onset KD (AOKD).MethodsHere, we report a patient with an incidental diagnosis of AOKD and discuss management options in this scenario.ResultsA 32‐year‐old woman came to medical attention because of headache and had brain magnetic resonance imaging findings compatible with AOKD, two pathogenic variants in GALC, and reduced activity of galactocerebrosidase. The jury is still out about the best management of such cases, and clinicians should be aware of this diagnosis, as AOKD is a potentially treatable condition.ConclusionsAOKD is a rare and potentially treatable condition. More studies on natural history of AOKD are urgently needed to guide the best management of this disease.
Antiseizure medication use and medical resource utilization after resective epilepsy surgery in children in the United States: A contemporary nationwide cross‐sectional cohort analysis
Authors: Parker Jonathon J. , Zhang Yi , Fatemi Parastou , Halpern Casey H. , Porter Brenda E. , Grant Gerald A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveAntiseizure drug (ASD) therapy can significantly impact quality of life for pediatric patients whose epilepsy remains refractory to medications and who experience neuropsychological side effects manifested by impaired cognitive and social development. Contemporary patterns of ASD reduction after pediatric epilepsy surgery across practice settings in the United States are sparsely reported outside of small series. We assessed timing and durability of ASD reduction after pediatric epilepsy surgery and associated effects on health care utilization.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 376 pediatric patients who underwent resective epilepsy surgery between 2007 and 2016 in the United States using the Truven MarketScan database. Filled ASD prescriptions during the pre‐ and postoperative periods were compared. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified factors associated with achieving a stable discontinuation of or reduction in number of ASDs. Health care utilization and costs were systematically compared.ResultsOne hundred seventy‐one patients (45.5%) achieved a >90‐day ASD‐free period after surgery, and 84 (22.3%) additional patients achieved a stable reduction in number of ASDs. Achieving ASD freedom was more common in patients undergoing total hemispherectomy (n = 21, p = .002), and less common in patients with tuberous sclerosis (p = .003). A higher number of preoperative ASDs was associated with a greater likelihood of achieving ASD reduction postoperatively (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50–2.28), but was not associated with a significant difference in the likelihood of achieving ASD freedom (0.83, 95% CI: 0.49–1.39). Achieving an ASD‐free period was associated with fewer hospital readmissions within the first year after surgery.SignificancePatterns of ASD use and discontinuation after pediatric epilepsy surgery provide an unbiased surgical outcome endpoint extractable from administrative databases, where changes in seizure frequency are not captured. This quantitative measure can augment traditional surgical outcome scales, incorporating a significant clinical parameter associated with improved quality of life.
Integrating services to improve quality of care for women living with HIV: A global systematic review
Authors: Hully Alice , Mallah Rana , Villa Giovanni , Gilleece Yvonne 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim was to review and analyse evidence on the impact of service integration on quality of care for women living with HIV.MethodsEvidence search in September 2020 using the PICO format yielded 60 potential papers. Inclusion required evidence of measurement of an outcome associated with service delivery within a system showing clear integration of services exclusively for women living with HIV. In all, 60 papers were screened, 27 were excluded at the abstract stage, and 17 were excluded after full text review, leaving 20 final papers included in this review.ResultsThree papers measured the impact of integrating sexual health services and all showed some measure of improved quality of care. Outcome measures considered in this paper were impact on uptake, prevention, user satisfaction, user knowledge and cost‐effectiveness. Ten papers studied the impact of integrating family planning, with eight papers suggesting positive outcomes. Eleven papers studied integrated cervical cytology services with 10 able to demonstrate positive impact. Two papers assessed integrating menopause services and two looked at integration of psychological and social services. The most described positive impact was improved user knowledge and satisfaction. There were two main methods of integration demonstrated, described as ‘upskilling’ of staff and ‘guest services’.ConclusionsIntegrating services can create opportunities to improve the quality of patient‐centred care whilst promoting the sexual, reproductive and human rights of women living with HIV, with an emphasis on designing services to suit local contexts.
Does monitoring of saproxylic beetles benefit from inclusion of larvae?
Authors: Köhler Jonas , Rulik Björn , Eberle Jonas , Thormann Jana , Köhler Frank , Ahrens Dirk 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Saproxylic beetles (Coleoptera) are important for biomonitoring to evaluate the state of ecological conservation of forest ecosystems. However, beetle larvae are rarely considered due to their difficult identification.
Here, we evaluate the use of beetle larvae, alongside adult specimens, for monitoring. Forty sifting samples from deadwood structures were analysed from eight different forest sites near Münster (Germany). Larvae were identified by matching with DNA sequences (COI) of identified adults (from GBOL database/BOLD) using various standard DNA‐based species delimitation methods.
Our main objective was to figure out whether larvae can be sampled, barcoded, and identified successfully on a larger scale, and whether the inclusion of larval data improved the ecological and taxonomic results of the survey.
Altogether we found 129 species as larvae and 313 as imagos. Four larva species could not be identified to species level because of a lack of a match with adult reference sequences. Among all sifting samples, 41% of the species recorded as larva were not found as imago.
The inclusion of larvae increased the expected species richness and generated a more precise differentiation between the sites in respect of saproxylic species richness and assemblage composition. Moreover, almost 30% of identified larvae are not morphologically described, so they cannot be identified morphologically.
This study showed that the use of larvae could considerably improve the accuracy of ecological surveys, particularly at meso‐ and microhabitat level, while for higher level, geographical scales sequencing and sampling efforts would be at the moment excessive.
Research on antioxidant performance of diglucosyl gallic acid and its application in emulsion cosmetics
Authors: Zhang Kai‐qiang , Lin Liang‐liang , Xu Hu‐jun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveDiglucosyl gallic acid is a whitening active with powerful whitening function. When it acts on human skin, microorganisms on the skin surface and part of the stratum corneum produce α‐glucosidase to sever the glucose bond of diglucosyl gallic acid, thereby converting part of diglucosyl gallic acid into gallic acid, acting on the skin and exerting the excellent effects of diglucosyl gallic acid and gallic acid at the same time. Diglucosyl gallic acid has high stability and water solubility, it can reduce free radical generation, inhibit tyrosinase generation, prevent melanin transfer, and control skin inflammation. The present study investigates the in vitro tyrosinase inhibition activity, antioxidant capacity of diglucosyl gallic acid as well as its clinical efficacy as a cosmetic ingredient.MethodsTaking VC and gallic acid as controls, the pH = 6.8, 0.05 mmol/L Na2HPO4‐NaH2PO4 buffer solution was prepared to test the tyrosinase inhibitory activity and antioxidant capacity of diglucosyl gallic acid respectively. Using arbutin and nicotinamide, two common cosmetic raw materials as controls, 20 volunteers (aged 20–35 years old) were selected for the test. (2 ± 0.1) mg/cm2 take the lotion to be tested and apply it to the test part evenly, twice a day, volunteers are not allowed to use sunscreen or other sunscreen products during the study period.ResultsThe results show that diglucosyl gallic acid has a stronger ability to inhibit the activity of tyrosinase compared with VC, and its IC50 value is 2.68 mg/ mL. Their potential antioxidant activities are further evaluated by the DPPH (α, α‐diphenyl‐β‐picrylhydrazyl) method and the ABTS [2,2´‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenz othiazoline‐6‐sulphonate)] radical cation (ABTS+) method, in which the gallic acid demonstrates a better performance than the traditional antioxidant vitamin C (VC), while the diglucosyl gallic acid shows poorer performance. As to the reducing ability, VC has the best performance, much better than gallic acid and diglucosyl gallic acid. Furthermore, through clinical experiments, it is shown the application of the diglucosyl gallic acid as a cosmetic ingredient can considerably improve the brightness of the skin and meanwhile reduce the area of ultraviolet spots, melanin and erythema over time.ConclusionThe above in vitro and in vivo studies on diglucosyl gallic provide the basis for its future application development in cosmetics.
Distribution and invasion risk assessment of Oryctes rhinoceros (L.) in China under changing climate
Authors: Xu Danping , Zhuo Zhihang , Li Xinyang , Wang Rulin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOryctes rhinoceros (L.) is one of the most important pests of palm plants. It has expanded rapidly and posed a serious threat to related plants in recent years. To study the impact of climatic conditions on it and its distribution under current and future climatic conditions, the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model and ArcGIS software were used for the first time to predict the potential distribution of O. rhinoceros in China under climate change in this work. The results showed that the distribution range of O. rhinoceros was 92.42–120.81°E, 17.07–37.10°N under current climatic conditions. The highly suitable area was 58,298.61 km2, which is equal to 0.61% of China's land area. The area of highly suitable areas increased by 5.48%–39.43% under different scenarios (RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5) in the future (2050s, 2090s) compared with the current distribution, which implied that the distribution of the pest will further expand. The precipitation in the wettest month (bio13), the minimum temperatures in November (tmin11), the minimum temperatures in July (tmin7) and the precipitation in September (prec9) were determined to be the key environmental variables affecting the distribution of O. rhinoceros. This work has important guiding significance for developing effective O. rhinoceros monitoring, prevention and control methods. We suggest that relevant departments take measures as soon as possible to control the spread of this pest.
When intelligence hurts and ignorance is bliss: Global pandemic as an evolutionarily novel threat to happiness
Authors: Kanazawa Satoshi , Li Norman P. , Yong Jose C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe savanna theory of happiness posits that it is not only the current consequences of a given situation that affect happiness but also its ancestral consequences, and that the effect of ancestral consequences on happiness is stronger among less intelligent individuals. But what about situations that did not exist in the ancestral environment and thus have no ancestral consequences? Global pandemic is one such situation that has no ancestral analog, and the theory predicts such evolutionarily novel threats to have a negative effect disproportionately on the life satisfaction of more intelligent individuals.MethodsWe analyzed prospectively longitudinal data from population samples from the National Child Development Study (Study 1) and the British Cohort Study (Study 2).ResultsConsistent with the theoretical prediction, while more intelligent individuals were generally more satisfied with their lives than less intelligent individuals were throughout adulthood (albeit not because they were more intelligent but because they earned more money, were more likely to be married, and healthier), more intelligent individuals were less satisfied with their lives during the COVID‐19 global pandemic because they were more intelligent.ConclusionHigher intelligence may have a downside in the modern world, by allowing life satisfaction to be more vulnerable from being better able to comprehend the severity of problems that did not exist in the ancestral world.
Negative internal working models as mechanisms that link mothers’ and fathers’ personality with their parenting: A short‐term longitudinal study
Authors: An Danming , Bendel‐Stenzel Lilly C. , Kochanska Grazyna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveResearch on associations between parents’ personality and parenting has a long history, but mechanisms that explain them remain unsettled. We examined parents’ explicit and implicit negative internal working models (IWMs) of the child, assessed at toddler age, as linking parental personality and parenting.MethodMothers and fathers from 200 community families provided personality self‐reports (Neuroticism, Agreeableness, Empathy, and Anger/Hostility) when their children were infants. When children were toddlers, the explicit negative IWMs included self‐reported low‐mentalizing reflective functioning and resentment regarding the child. The implicit negative IWMs were coded as negative relational schemas from parental interviews. Parental positive affect, responsiveness, and power‐assertive control were observed in lengthy interactions. Measures were parallel for mother‐ and father‐child dyads.ResultsMothers’ implicit IWMs linked the association between low Empathy and more power‐assertive control. Fathers’ explicit IWMs linked the associations between high Neuroticism and low Agreeableness and lower responsiveness. Additionally, fathers’ Agreeableness and Empathy directly predicted their parenting. Two paths (Agreeableness → implicit IWMs, and explicit IWMs → responsiveness) significantly differed between mothers and fathers.ConclusionsIWMs may link parental personality with parenting. The findings integrate and inform several bodies of literature in personality, social cognition, and developmental psychology.
Genomics and ecological modelling clarify species integrity in a confusing group of butterflies
Authors: Campbell Erin O. , MacDonald Zachary G. , Gage Edward V. , Gage Randy V. , Sperling Felix A. H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecent advances in both genomics and ecological modelling present new, multidisciplinary opportunities for resolving species boundaries and understanding the mechanisms that maintain their integrity in regions of contact. Here, we use a combination of high‐throughput DNA sequencing and ecological niche modelling to resolve species boundaries and niche divergence within the Speyeria atlantis‐hesperis (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) complex, a confusing group of North American butterflies. This complex is notorious for its muddled species delimitations, morphological ambiguity, and extensive mitonuclear discordance. Our admixture and multispecies coalescent‐based analyses of single nucleotide polymorphisms identified substantial divergences between S. atlantis and S. hesperis in areas of contact, as well as between distinct northern and southern lineages within S. hesperis. Our results also provide evidence of past introgression relating to another species, S. zerene, which previous work has shown to be more distantly related to the S. atlantis‐hesperis complex. We then used ecological models to predict habitat suitability for each of the three recovered genomic lineages in the S. atlantis‐hesperis complex and assessed their pairwise niche divergence. These analyses resolved that these three lineages are significantly diverged in their respective niches and are not separated by discontinuities in suitable habitat that might present barriers to gene flow. We therefore infer that ecologically‐mediated selection resulting in disparate habitat associations is a principal mechanism reinforcing their genomic integrity. Overall, our results unambiguously support significant evolutionary and ecological divergence between the northern and southern lineages of S. hesperis, sufficient to recognize the southern evolutionary lineage as a distinct species, called S. nausicaa based on taxonomic priority.
What is the impact of skincare bundles on the development of skin tears in older adults? A systematic review
Authors: Al Khaleefa Noor , Moore Zena , Avsar Pinar , Connor Tom O` , Budri Aglecia , Nugent Linda , Patton Declan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimThis review explores the impact of skincare bundles on the development of skin tears in older adults (≥65 years).MethodA systematic search of publications using MEDLINE, CINAHL and Cochrane databases was conducted in July 2020. The evidence‐based librarianship (EBL) checklist assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. Data were extracted using a pre‐designed extraction tool, and a narrative analysis was undertaken.ResultsFollowing the search, 71 records were returned, with seven satisfying the inclusion criteria. The studies were conducted between 2003 and 2015, and 57% (n = 4) of these employed a pre‐post study design. The mean sample size was 155 participants (SD = ±117.6). All the included studies (100%, n = 8) identified that there was a direct relationship between the use of skincare bundles and the reduction in the incidence of skin tears in the elderly. The EBL scores varied between 65% and 91%. In total, 85.7% (n = 6) of the studies scored ≥75%, reflecting validity.ConclusionThis systematic review highlights the connection between skincare bundles and the reduction of the number of skin tears in the older population (≥65 years). Further research with larger sample sizes and longer study duration to validate these findings, which will provide a comprehensive insight into the prevention of the incidence of skin tears. Further studies are justified given that skin tear bundles can reduce the rate of injuries that are easily acquired by the elderly due to the nature of their frail skin, they also can help prevent skin tears from turning into chronic wounds and can decrease hospital admissions associated with hospital‐acquired infections.
Psychophysiological coherence training to moderate air traffic controllers’ fatigue on rotating roster
Authors: Li Wen‐Chin , Zhang Jingyi , Kearney Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe nature of the current rotating roster, providing 24‐h air traffic services over five irregular shifts, leads to accumulated fatigue which impairs air traffic controllers’ cognitive function and task performance. It is imperative to develop an effective fatigue risk management system to improve aviation safety based upon scientific approaches.Two empirical studies were conducted to address this issue. Study 1 investigated the mixed effect of circadian rhythm disorders and resource depletion on controllers’ accumulated fatigue. Then, study 2 proposed a potential biofeedback solution of quick coherence technique which can mitigate air traffic controllers’ (ATCOs’) fatigue while on controller working position and improve ATCOs’ mental/physical health.The current two‐studies demonstrated a scientific approach to fatigue analysis and fatigue risk mitigation in the air traffic services domain. This research offers insights into the fluctuation of ATCO fatigue levels and the influence of a numbers of factors related to circadian rhythm and resource depletion impact on fatigue levels on study 1; and provides psychophysiological coherence training to increase ATCOs’ fatigue resilience to mitigate negative impacts of fatigue on study 2.Based on these two studies, the authors recommended that an extra short break for air traffic controllers to permit practicing the quick coherence breathing technique for 5 min at the sixth working hour could substantially recharge cognitive resources and increase fatigue resilience. Application: Present studies highlight an effective fatigue intervention based on objective biofeedback to moderate controllers’ accumulated fatigue as a result of rotating shift work. Accordingly, air navigation services providers and regulators can develop fatigue risk management systems based on scientific approaches to improve aviation safety and air traffic controller's wellbeing.
Soil bacterial community responses to cadmium and lead stabilization during ecological restoration of an abandoned mine
Authors: Zhao Shuwen , Qin Luyao , Wang Lifu , Sun Xiaoyi , Yu Lei , Wang Meng , Chen Shibao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEcological restoration refers to the gradual recovery of damaged ecosystems by utilizing their self‐recovery capacity and artificial measures. It is considered as an effective technique to alleviate heavy metal pollution in open‐pit mining soils. However, little is known about the stability of heavy metals and soil bacterial responses in artificially restored soil‐plant systems. In this study, different vegetation restoration strategies were established in the Dabaoshan mining area, China, and the accumulation and transfer of Cd/Pb in the soil‐plant system and the responses of the soil bacterial community were investigated. Results showed that ecological restoration with a combination of trees, shrubs and grasses/herbs could increase soil cation‐exchange capacity and organic matter content, but not soil pH. The mixture of trees, shrubs and grasses/herbs was most effective for reducing the available Pb content to 33.7% of the content in the control, and the mixture of trees and grasses/herbs was beneficial in reducing Cd to 60.4% of the content in the control. Data showed that ecological restoration could change the quantity, composition and community structure of soil microorganisms. The soils in which a mixture of trees, shrubs and grasses/herbs were grown had the greatest abundance and diversity of bacteria; the abundances of Proteobacteria increased by 12% and Actinobacteria by 5% from those of the control. Plant coverage, soil available Cd content, and organic matter emerged as major determinants of bacterial community composition. This study demonstrates a promising remediation strategy for limiting Cd/Pb mobility in mining areas.