bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and in Vivo Evaluation of Triphenylphosphonium Conjugated Trimetazidine with Enhanced Cardioprotection and Ability to Restore Mitochondrial Function
Authors: Ou E , Xu Chao , Jia Qi , Xu Xiaojia , Chen Zhenyu , Liu Jiansong , Zhang Hanyuan , Xu Geng , Zhao Yu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTrimetazidine exhibits great therapeutic potential in cardiovascular diseases and mitochondria‐mediated cardioprotection by trimetazidine has been widely reported. In this study, to enhance its cardioprotection, the triphenylphosphonium‐based modification of trimetazidine was conducted to deliver it specifically to mitochondria. Fifteen triphenylphosphonium (TPP) conjugated trimetazidine analogs were designed and synthesized. Their protective effects were evaluated in vivo using a tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (t‐BHP) induced zebrafish injury model. Structure‐activity relationship correlations revealed the best way to couple the TPP moiety to trimetazidine, and led to a new conjugate (18a) with enhanced therapeutic properties. Compared to trimetazidine, 18a effectively protects against heart injury in the zebrafish model at a much lower concentration. Further study in t‐BHP treated zebrafish and H9c2 cells demonstrated that 18a protects against cardiomyocyte death and damage by inhibiting excessive production of ROS, maintaining mitochondrial morphology, and preventing mitochondrial dysfunction. Consequently, 18a can be regarded as a potential therapeutic agent for cardioprotection.
Tying Up a Loose End: On the Role of the C‐Terminal CCHHRAG Fragment of the Metalloregulator CueR
Authors: Balogh Ria K. , Gyurcsik Béla , Jensen Mikael , Thulstrup Peter W. , Köster Ulli , Christensen Niels Johan , Jensen Marianne L. , Hunyadi‐Gulyás Éva , Hemmingsen Lars , Jancsó Attila 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe transcriptional regulator CueR is activated by the binding of CuI, AgI, or AuI to two cysteinates in a near‐linear fashion. The C‐terminal CCHHRAG sequence in Escherichia coli CueR present potential additional metal binding ligands and here we explore the effect of deleting this fragment on the binding of AgI to CueR. CD spectroscopic and ESI‐MS data indicate that the high AgI‐binding affinity of WT‐CueR is significantly reduced in Δ7C‐CueR.[111 Ag PAC spectroscopy demonstrates that the WT‐CueR metal site structure (AgS2) is conserved, but less populated in the truncated variant. Thus, the function of the C‐terminal fragment may be to stabilize the two‐coordinate metal site for cognate monovalent metal ions. In a broader perspective this is an example of residues beyond the second coordination sphere affecting metal site physicochemical properties while leaving the structure unperturbed.
Purification of Residual Ni and Co Hydroxides from Fe‐Free Alkaline Electrolyte for Electrocatalysis Studies
Authors: Liu Lu , Twight Liam P. , Fehrs Jessica L. , Ou Yingqing , Sun Deen , Boettcher Shannon W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIt is critical to control Fe impurity concentrations in oxygen‐evolution‐reaction electrocatalysis experiments so that unambiguous assignments of activity and mechanistic details can be made. An established method to prepare Fe‐free KOH electrolyte is by using particulate Ni(OH)2 or Co(OH)2 as absorbents to remove the Fe from KOH or other neutral‐to‐alkaline electrolytes. However, this method yields residual Ni or Co species in the electrolyte which can be redeposited on the working electrode. Thus, current methods of Fe removal could convolute studies of OER. In this work, we compared two different methods, continuous electrolysis and nano‐filtration, to remove the Ni and/or Co species from Fe‐free alkaline electrolyte. We found the best approach is to pass the Fe‐free electrolyte through a hydrophilic 0.1 μm polyethersulfone filter which decreases the Ni species concentration in 1 M KOH to single ppb levels. This result suggests the remaining Ni or Co species are primarily particulate in nature, consistent with their small solubility as ions. In comparison, extended pre‐electrolysis of the electrolyte removed only a portion of the Ni/Co.
Surface Engineering of Conjugated Polybenzothiadiazoles and Integration with Cobalt Oxides for Photocatalytic Water Oxidation
Authors: Xiao Xinghuo , Wang Wenyan , Wang Jiali , Yang Can , Zhang Guigang , Lang Xianjun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractConjugated polymers feature promising structure and properties for photocatalytic water splitting. Herein, a hydrolysis strategy was demonstrated to rationally modulate the surface hydrophilicity and band structures of conjugated poly‐benzothiadiazoles. High hydrophilicity not only enhances the dispersions of polymeric solids in an aqueous solution but also reduces the absorption energy of water molecules. Besides, both theoretical and experimental results reveal that a more positive valence band potential is generated, which contributes to enhancing the photocatalytic water oxidation performance. Accordingly, the surface‐modified conjugated polymers show largely promoted photocatalytic water oxidation activities by deposition of cobalt oxides as cocatalysts.
Real‐life data on treatment and outcomes in advanced ovarian cancer: An observational, multinational cohort study (RESPONSE trial)
Authors: Marth Christian , Abreu Miguel Henriques , Andersen Klaus Kaae , Aro Karoliina M. , de Lurdes Batarda Maria , Boll Dorry , Ekmann‐Gade Anne Weng , Haltia Ulla‐Maija , Hansen Jesper , Haug Ala Jabri , Høgdall Claus , Korach Jacob , Lassus Heini , Lindemann Kristina , Van Nieuwenhuysen Els , Ottevanger Petronella B. , Polterauer Stephan , Schnack Tine Henrichsen 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThis study aimed to describe the treatment strategies and outcomes for women with newly diagnosed advanced high‐grade serous or endometrioid ovarian cancer (OC).MethodsThis observational study collected real‐world medical record data from eight Western countries on the diagnostic workup, clinical outcomes, and treatment of adult women with newly diagnosed advanced (Stage III–IV) high‐grade serous or endometrioid OC. Patients were selected backward in time from April 1, 2018 (the index date), with a target of 120 patients set per country, followed for ≥20 months.ResultsOf the 1119 women included, 66.9% had Stage III disease, 11.7% had a deleterious BRCA mutation, and 26.6% received bevacizumab; 40.8% and 39.3% underwent primary debulking surgery (PDS) and interval debulking surgery (IDS), respectively. Of the patients who underwent PDS, 55.5% had no visible residual disease (VRD); 63.9% of the IDS patients had no VRD. According to physician‐assessed responses (at the first assessment after diagnosis and treatment), 53.2% of the total population had a complete response and 25.7% had a partial response to first‐line chemotherapy after surgery. After ≥20 months of follow‐up, 32.9% of the patients were disease‐free, 46.4% had progressive disease, and 20.6% had died. Bevacizumab use had a significant positive effect on overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.42–0.91; p = .01). A deleterious BRCA status had a significant positive effect on progression‐free survival (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.41–0.84; p < .01).ConclusionsWomen with advanced high‐grade serous or endometrioid OC have a poor prognosis. Bevacizumab use and a deleterious BRCA status were found to improve survival in this real‐world population.Lay summary

Patients with advanced (Stage III or IV) ovarian cancer (OC) have a poor prognosis.

The standard treatment options of surgery and chemotherapy extend life beyond diagnosis for 5 years or more in only approximately 45% of patients.

This study was aimed at describing the standard of care in eight Western countries and estimating how many patients who are diagnosed with high‐grade serous or endometrioid OC could potentially be eligible for first‐line poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) maintenance therapy.

The results highlight the poor prognosis for these patients and suggest that a significant proportion (79%) would potentially be eligible for first‐line PARPi maintenance treatment.
A multi‐institutional prediction model to estimate the risk of recurrence and mortality after mastectomy for T1‐2N1 breast cancer
Authors: Sittenfeld Sarah M. C. , Zabor Emily C. , Hamilton Sarah N. , Kuerer Henry M. , El‐Tamer Mahmoud , Naoum George E. , Truong Pauline T. , Nichol Alan , Smith Benjamin D. , Woodward Wendy A. , Moo Tracy‐Ann , Powell Simon N. , Shah Chirag S. , Taghian Alphonse G. , Abu‐Gheida Ibrahim , Tendulkar Rahul D. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPost‐mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) in women with pathologic stage T1‐2N1M0 breast cancer is controversial.MethodsData from five North American institutions including women undergoing mastectomy without neoadjuvant therapy with pT1‐2N1M0 breast cancer treated from 2006 to 2015 were pooled for analysis. Competing‐risks regression was performed to identify factors associated with locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant metastasis (DM), overall recurrence (OR), and breast cancer mortality (BCM).ResultsA total of 3532 patients were included for analysis with a median follow‐up time among survivors of 6.8 years (interquartile range [IQR], 4.5–9.5 years). The 2154 (61%) patients who received PMRT had significantly more adverse risk factors than those patients not receiving PMRT: younger age, larger tumors, more positive lymph nodes, lymphovascular invasion, extracapsular extension, and positive margins (p < .05 for all). On competing risk regression analysis, receipt of PMRT was significantly associated with a decreased risk of LRR (hazard ratio [HR], 0.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.14–0.31; p < .001) and OR (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.62–0.94; p = .011). Model performance metrics for each end point showed good discrimination and calibration. An online prediction model to estimate predicted risks for each outcome based on individual patient and tumor characteristics was created from the model.ConclusionsIn a large multi‐institutional cohort of patients, PMRT for T1‐2N1 breast cancer was associated with a significant reduction in locoregional and overall recurrence after accounting for known prognostic factors. An online calculator was developed to aid in personalized decision‐making regarding PMRT in this population.
TiO2 Hollow Nanofiber/Polyaniline Nanocomposites for Ammonia Detection at Room Temperature
Authors: Conti Patrick P. , dos Santos Danilo M. , Goldthorpe Irene A. , Correa Daniel S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAmmonia (NH3) detection has gained considerable attention in agricultural and environmental monitoring, chemical and pharmaceutical processing, and disease diagnosis, which requires the development of sensors with high sensitivity. Herein, we propose a novel gas sensor based on nanocomposites of TiO2 hollow nanofibers and polyaniline (PANI) for the sensitive detection of ammonia at room temperature. TiO2 nanostructures in anatase phase were prepared by the combination of coaxial electrospinning and calcination treatment. The resulting material was mixed with PANI and deposited onto gold interdigitated electrodes (IDEs). The hybrid platforms exhibited superior sensing performance compared to the platform based on their individual phases, which is ascribed to a synergistic effect from p‐n heterojunction formation. Specifically, the platforms based on TiO2/PANI nanocomposite showed a fast response towards NH3 (e. g., 55 s at 10 ppm) at room temperature (25 °C). Additionally, the platform demonstrated the ability to detect NH3 at low concentrations (10–30 ppm) and a detection mechanism was proposed to explain the results. Overall, these results show the promise of electrospun TiO2 hollow nanofibers/PANI composites for the development of high‐performance room temperature ammonia sensors.
Solid‐State Characterization of Acetylpyridine Copper Complexes for the Activation of H2O2 in Advanced Oxidation Processes
Authors: Crespi Ayelén F. , Zomero Paula N. , Sánchez Verónica M. , Pérez Ana L. , Brondino Carlos D. , Vega Daniel , Rodríguez‐Castellón Enrique , Lázaro‐Martínez Juan M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis work describes the synthesis of 4‐(4‐AcPy) and 3‐acetylpyridine (3‐AcPy) copper soluble complexes for the activation of hydrogen peroxide and the concomitant generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Given the paramagnetic effects of copper ions in the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) lines, we aimed at demonstrating that the combination of high‐resolution 2D solid‐state NMR experiments, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations allows a detailed study of the chemical structure of the ligands and the surrounding metal ions. The copper complexes synthesized with CuCl2 were useful for the activation of H2O2 during which the only ROS was the hydroxyl one, as demonstrated by EPR experiments. A removal of methyl orange (MO) azo‐dye higher than 85 % was achieved in 200 minutes, combining 1.7 mM of copper complexes with 60 mM of H2O2 and 40 μM of MO.
Enhanced Basicity of MnOx‐Supported Ru for the Selective Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Pal Priyanka , Saravanamurugan Shunmugavel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe present study focused on developing a stable basic MnOx support for Ru (RuMn) for the efficient oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) in water in the absence of an external base. A series of MnOx supports, synthesized via hydrothermal approach using urea as precipitant, was prepared by thermal treatment at various temperatures (300–800 °C) before doping with Ru. The RuMn‐2 (1 wt % Ru, MnOx calcined at 400 °C) possessed a large number of basic sites (1.72 mmol g−1) based on CO2temperature‐programmed desorption analysis, affording an FDCA yield of 87 % with a turnover frequency of 22 h−1. Transmission electron microscopy energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy elemental mapping of RuMn‐2 showed a high dispersion of Ru over the surface of MnOx, contributing to the efficient HMF oxidation. Moreover, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and H2temperature‐programmed reduction indicated that the predominant MnO2phase (ϵ‐MnO2) played a vital role in HMF oxidation. RuMn‐2 was recyclable for up to four runs without significant loss in the activity and retained its structural integrity.
Metal‐Catalyzed, Photo‐Assisted Selective Transformation of Tertiary Alkylbenzenes and Polystyrenes into Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Urgoitia Garazi , Herrero María Teresa , SanMartin Raul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEvery year, thousands of tons of polystyrene are produced and discarded, filling landfills and polluting the marine environment. Although several degradation alternatives have been proposed, the need for an effective procedure for the chemical recycling of polystyrene still remains. Here, a vanadium‐catalyzed reaction, assisted by visible light, promoted the direct, selective conversion of tertiary alkylbenzenes into acetophenone and other ketone derivatives. Likewise, standard polystyrene samples as well as polystyrenes from insulation and packaging waste could be chemically recycled into acetophenone in a scalable way regardless of their molecular weight, polydispersity, or form. Preliminary mechanistic investigations revealed the participation of singlet oxygen, superoxide, and hydroxyl radical species in this homogenously catalyzed process. Acetophenone could be used as an additive to accelerate the reaction and to increase the yields in some cases.
Chemical analysis of selected harmful and potentially harmful constituents and in vitro toxicological evaluation of leading flavoured e‐cigarette aerosols in the Chinese market
Authors: Xu Te , Niu Zhen‐Yu , Xu Jing , Li Xin‐Duo , Luo Quan , Luo An , Huang Yi‐Lan , Jiang Xing‐Tao , Wu Ze‐Hong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUse of electronic cigarettes (e‐cigarettes) has increased significantly over the past decade due to consumer perception that these products represent a less risky alternative to combustible cigarettes. E‐liquids generally contain a simple mix of vegetable glycerin, propylene glycerol, nicotine, organic acids, and flavourings. Regulators require that harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) that might cause harm to the consumer must be monitored in the aerosol generated by e‐cigarettes and in cigarette smoke (CS). To quantify HPHCs in aerosols from commercial flavoured e‐cigarettes in Chinese market, this study has systematically compared levels of HPHCs, including eight carbonyls, five volatile organic compounds, four tobacco‐specific nitrosamines, 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and seven heavy metals, in the aerosols of four market‐leading flavoured e‐cigarettes and mainstream CS, alongside in vitro cytotoxicity and mutagenicity assays. The vast majority of HPHCs were either undetected or significantly lower in the e‐cigarette aerosols than in commercial CS or reference CS (3R4F). Where HPHCs were detected, there were small variations among the different flavoured e‐cigarettes. In the neutral red uptake and Ames assays, aqueous extracts of the e‐cigarette aerosols did not induce obvious cytotoxicity or mutagenicity, whereas CS aqueous extract showed dose‐related cytotoxicity and mutagenicity. Collectively, these results indicate that use of e‐cigarettes might potentially lead to a significant reduction in exposure to harmful substances, with fewer cytotoxic and mutagenic effects, as compared with conventional smoking. Further studies based on human puffing conditions and longer evaluation periods will be needed to substantiate this potential.
Post‐association barrier to host switching maintained despite strong selection in a novel mutualism
Authors: Dinges Zoe M. , Phillips Raelyn K. , Lively Curtis M. , Bashey Farrah 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFollowing a host shift, repeated co‐passaging of a mutualistic pair is expected to increase fitness over time in one or both species. Without adaptation, a novel association may be evolutionarily short‐lived as it is likely to be outcompeted by native pairings. Here, we test whether experimental evolution can rescue a low‐fitness novel pairing between two sympatric species ofSteinernemanematodes and their symbioticXenorhabdusbacteria. Despite low mean fitness in the novel association, considerable variation in nematode reproduction was observed across replicate populations. We selected the most productive infections, co‐passaging this novel mutualism nine times to determine whether selection could improve the fitness of either or both partners. We found that neither partner showed increased fitness over time. Our results suggest that the variation in association success was not heritable and that mutational input was insufficient to allow evolution to facilitate this host shift. Thus, post‐association costs of host switching may represent a formidable barrier to novel partnerships among sympatric mutualists.
Partitioning of beta‐diversity reveals distinct assembly mechanisms of plant and soil microbial communities in response to nitrogen enrichment
Authors: Liu Weixing , Yang Xian , Jiang Lin , Guo Lulu , Chen Yaru , Yang Sen , Liu Lingli 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNitrogen (N) deposition poses a serious threat to terrestrial biodiversity and alters plant and soil microbial community composition. Species turnover and nestedness reflect the underlying mechanisms of variations in community composition. However, it remains unclear how species turnover and nestedness contribute to different responses of taxonomic groups (plants and soil microbes) to N enrichment. Here, based on a 13‐year consecutive multi‐level N addition experiment in a semiarid steppe, we partitioned community β‐diversity into species turnover and nestedness components and explored how and why plant and microbial communities reorganize via these two processes following N enrichment. We found that plant, soil bacterial, and fungal β‐diversity increased, but their two components showed different patterns with increasing N input. Plant β‐diversity was mainly driven by species turnover under lower N input but by nestedness under higher N input, which may be due to a reduction in forb species, with low tolerance to soil Mn2+, with increasing N input. However, turnover was the main contributor to differences in soil bacterial and fungal communities with increasing N input, indicating the phenomenon of microbial taxa replacement. The turnover of bacteria increased greatly whereas that of fungi remained within a narrow range with increasing N input. We further found that the increased soil Mn2+ concentration was the best predictor for increasing nestedness of plant communities under higher N input, whereas increasing N availability and acidification together contributed to the turnover of bacterial communities. However, environmental factors could explain neither fungal turnover nor nestedness. Our findings reflect two different pathways of community changes in plants, soil bacteria, and fungi, as well as their distinct community assembly in response to N enrichment. Disentangling the turnover and nestedness of plant and microbial β‐diversity would have important implications for understanding plant–soil microbe interactions and seeking conservation strategies for maintaining regional diversity.
Impaired renal function and mortalities in acute heart failure with different phenotypes
Authors: Huang Wei‐Ming , Chang Hao‐Chih , Lee Ching‐Wei , Huang Chi‐Jung , Yu Wen‐Chung , Cheng Hao‐Min , Guo Chao‐Yu , Chiang Chern‐En , Chen Chen‐Huan , Sung Shih‐Hsien 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsImpaired renal function (IRF) prevails in patients with acute heart failure. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of on‐admission IRF and its association with short‐term and long‐term mortalities in patients hospitalized for HF with reduced (HFrEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), and preserved (HFpEF) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).MethodsPatients hospitalized for acute heart failure were enrolled and stratified by LVEF into three phenotypes as HFpEF (≥50%), HFmrEF (40–49%), and HFrEF (<40%). IRF was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of ≤60 mL/min/1.73m2 on admission. National Death Registry was linked for the identification of mortality.ResultsOf 2613 patients enrolled, 673 (25.7%) had HFrEF, 367 (14.0%) had HFmrEF, and 1573 (60.1%) had HFpEF, whereas IRF was prevalent among 63.7, 68.6, and 67.5% of them, respectively. IRF significantly correlated with higher long‐term mortality in each phenotype of HF. However, IRF was associated with 90‐day and 1‐year mortality in subjects with HFrEF and HFmrEF, but not HFpEF. After accounting for age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, stroke, serum sodium, de novo heart failure, date of enrolment, and systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg or use of inotropic agents, IRF remained related to 5‐year mortality in patients with HFrEF (hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval: 1.346, 1.034–1.751), HFmrEF (2.210, 1.435–3.404), and HFpEF (1.493, 1.237–1.801).ConclusionsOn‐admission IRF was independently predictive of long‐term mortality in patients hospitalized for HF, irrespective of HF phenotypes. Furthermore, IRF was also associated with short‐term mortality in HFrEF and HFmrEF, but not in HFpEF.