bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ergonomic comfort workspace analysis of master manipulator for robotic laparoscopic surgery with motion scaled teleoperation system
Authors: Kang DongHoon , Kwon Dong‐Soo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn robotic surgery, a surgeon controls a surgical robot through a master manipulator in motion scaled teleoperation environment. However, there are no clear criteria for the master's workspace.MethodsFrom the user experiment, we proposed an Ergonomic Comfort Workspace considering ergonomics and performed a verification experiment using the actual surgeons' dataset.ResultsFrom the user experiment, with comfortable posture, there was no significant difference (p‐value < 0.05) between the master workspace when the task space is increased, and the workspace is defined as an ergonomic comfort workspace. Using the JIGSAWS dataset, elementary surgical tasks using surgical robots, verify the effectiveness of the ergonomic comfort workspace (ECW). It was confirmed that more than 95% of surgical task data were almost included in the ECW.ConclusionsThe proposed ECW of the master for robotic laparoscopic surgery enables surgeons to perform surgery with high comfort and precision.
Enclosing ellipsoid‐based reachable set estimation for discrete‐time singular systems
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Feng Zhiguang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article studies reachable set estimation for discrete‐time singular systems. By means of system decomposition and reconstruction, singular systems can be transformed into dynamic systems together with algebraic equations. Under this representation, two novel reachable set estimation methods based on ellipsoidal sets are proposed under nonzero initial conditions. A series of enclosing ellipsoidal sets can be obtained in two derived methods for bounding real‐time states of the considered systems. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methods is illustrated with a numerical example.
Psychological distress and health behaviours among Cambodian Americans at risk for developing diabetes
Authors: Wagner Julie , Bermúdez‐Millán Angela , Berthold S. Megan , Buckley Thomas , Buxton Orfeu M. , Feinn Richard , Kong Sengly , Kuoch Theanvy , Master Lindsay , Scully Mary , Seng Kagnica 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper reports secondary data analysis of associations between psychological distress and health behaviours among Cambodian Americans. Data are from baseline assessments from a diabetes prevention trial. All participants met stucriteria for depression and were free of diabetes. Participants (n = 191) completed surveys, a food frequency assessment, and wore sleep and physical activity actigraphy devices for 7 days. A factor analysis of symptoms of post‐traumatic stress, baksbat (a Cambodian culture‐bound syndrome), depression, and anxiety yielded a single factor named ‘psychological distress’. Multivariate models controlling for psychotropic medications were run for the following outcomes: sleep actigraphy, self‐reported sleep, physical activity actigraphy, self‐reported physical activity, nutrition, and substance use. For actigraphy, higher distress was associated with lower moderate/vigorous physical activity and higher mean variability of 24 h total sleep time. Higher distress was also associated with worse self‐reported sleep quality as indicated by standard, and culturally‐specific, sleep indicators. Higher distress was also associated with lower use of food labels, lower carbohydrate consumption, and higher alcohol consumption as a coping mechanism. Interventions to mitigate diabetes risk in high‐distress populations may benefit from strategies to decrease psychological distress. The sequelae of complex trauma may transcend discrete psychiatric diagnoses.
Probing the Effect of Rigidity on the Cellular Uptake of Core‐Shell Nanoparticles: Stiffness Effects are Size Dependent
Authors: Gurnani Pratik , Sanchez‐Cano Carlos , Xandri‐Monje Helena , Zhang Junliang , Ellacott Sean H. , Mansfield Edward D. H. , Hartlieb Matthias , Dallmann Robert , Perrier Sébastien 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNanoparticles are well established vectors for the delivery of a wide range of biomedically relevant cargoes. Numerous studies have investigated the impact of size, shape, charge, and surface functionality of nanoparticles on mammalian cellular uptake. Rigidity has been studied to a far lesser extent, and its effects are still unclear. Here, the importance of this property, and its interplay with particle size, is systematically explored using a library of core‐shell spherical PEGylated nanoparticles synthesized by RAFT emulsion polymerization. Rigidity of these particles is controlled by altering the intrinsic glass transition temperature of their constituting polymers. Three polymeric core rigidities are tested: hard, medium, and soft using two particle sizes, 50 and 100 nm diameters. Cellular uptake studies indicate that softer particles are taken up faster and threefold more than harder nanoparticles with the larger 100 nm particles. In addition, the study indicates major differences in the cellular uptake pathway, with harder particles being internalized through clathrin‐ and caveolae‐mediated endocytosis as well as macropinocytosis, while softer particles are taken up bycaveolae‐ and non‐receptormediated endocytosis. However, 50 nm derivatives do not show any appreciable differences in uptake efficiency, suggesting that rigidity as a parameter in the biological regime may be size dependent.
A Supramolecular Self‐Assembling Nanoagent by Inducing Intracellular Aggregation of PSMA for Prostate Cancer Molecularly Targeted Theranostics
Authors: Zhang Weijie , Wang He , Wang Tianjiao , Ding Dan , Hou Jianquan , Shi Yang , Huang Yuhua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) with prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA)‐specific high expression is well suited for molecularly targeted theranostics. PSMA expression correlates with the malignancy of PCa, and its dimeric form can promote tumor progression by exerting enzymatic activity to activate downstream signal transduction. However, almost no studies have shown that arresting the procancer signaling of the PSMA receptors themselves can cause tumor cell death. Meanwhile, supramolecular self‐assembling peptides are widely used to design anticancer agents due to their unique and excellent properties. Here, a PSMA‐targeting supramolecular self‐assembling nanotheranostic agent, DBT‐2FFGACUPA, which actively targets PSMA receptors on PCa cell membranes and induces them to enter the cell and form large aggregates, is developed. This process not only selectively images PSMA‐positive tumor cells but also suppresses the downstream procancer signals of PSMA, causing tumor cell death. This work provides an alternative approach and an advanced agent for molecularly targeted theranostics options in PCa that can induce tumor cell death without relying on any reported anticancer drugs.
A Dual‐Function Sensor for Highly Sensitive Detection of Flame and Humidity
Authors: Zhang Zuocai , Lu Tianyun , Yang Dan , Lu Shaorong , Cai Ren , Tan Weihong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEarly warning sensors rapidly monitor critical temperatures, humidity, and fires, which are crucial to reduce or avoid natural disasters in complex environments, such as fire or water disasters. Here, a highly sensitive, readable, and dual‐functional sensor is designed for a fast‐response fire alarm and rapid humidity detection based on sustainable biological films (named MSCG films). The MSCG films are composed of grafted sisal nanofibers (MgC), silk nanofibers, graphene, and citric acid (CA). After crosslinking with CA, MSCG films exhibit good wet strength (i.e., 128.8 MPa) after soaking in 100 °C water, thus confirming that the films would be applicable to a broad temperature range in humid environments. After flame ignition, the MSCG films are rapidly carbonized to activate an alarm sound and a light in the circuit with a fire response time as short as 1 s. It exhibits ultrafast temperature response/recovery time (i.e., 0.1 s/0.3 s) and rapid humidity response time (i.e., 0.9 s). The dual‐functional sensor is further assembled into a versatile sensor system for real‐time monitoring of fire accidents and environmental humidity, which can be integrated into consumer electronics, such as portable laptops and mobile phones.
Worldwide prevalence and burden of gastroparesis‐like symptoms as defined by the United European Gastroenterology (UEG) and European Society for Neurogastroenterology and Motility (ESNM) consensus on gastroparesis
Authors: Huang I‐Hsuan , Schol Jolien , Khatun Rutaba , Carbone Florencia , Van den Houte Karen , Colomier Esther , Balsiger Lukas Michaja , Törnblom Hans , Vanuytsel Tim , Sundelin Elias , Simrén Magnus , Palsson Olafur S. , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Sperber Ami D. , Tack Jan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesThe global epidemiology of gastroparesis is unknown. The European UEG and European Society for Neurogastroenterology and motility consensus defines Gastroparesis as a condition characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction, with a symptom pattern of nausea and/or vomiting and overlapping postprandial distress syndrome (PDS). Real‐world evidence of this gastroparesis‐like symptom pattern is a crucial step in understanding the epidemiology of gastroparesis.MethodsIn the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study, 54,127 respondents from 26 countries completed the Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire and variables associated with disorders of gut‐brain interaction via Internet. We selected subjects with gastroparesis‐like symptoms (GPLS) (nausea and/or vomiting ≥1 day/week and simultaneous PDS). Patients reporting organic gastrointestinal disease, or fulfilling criteria for self‐induced vomiting, cyclic vomiting or cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome were excluded. We determined prevalence, associated comorbidities, quality of life (QoL) (PROMIS Global‐10), symptoms of anxiety and depression (PHQ‐4), somatic symptoms (PHQ‐12), and healthcare utilization.ResultsThe global prevalence of GPLS was 0.9% overall and 1.3% among diabetic individuals. Subjects with GPLS showed frequent overlapping of epigastric pain syndrome and irritable bowel syndrome. Subjects with GPLS had significantly lower body mass index, QoL, more non‐gastrointestinal somatic complaints, symptoms of anxiety and depression, higher medication usage and doctor visits in the overall and diabetic population, compared to subjects without these symptoms.ConclusionsGPLS are common worldwide and more common in diabetic patients. The symptom complex is associated with multiple aspects of illness and an increased healthcare consumption.
High groundwater levels: Processes, consequences, and management
Authors: Becker Bernhard , Reichel Frank , Bachmann Daniel , Schinke Reinhard 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the issue of high groundwater levels has caught attention. Unfavorable consequences of high groundwater levels are especially damage to buildings, infrastructure, and the environment. Processes that lead to high groundwater levels are hydrological (heavy or extended rainfall and flood events), or anthropogenic (reduced groundwater extractions, interaction with sewer networks, hydraulic engineering measures, structural interventions in the water balance, and mining activities). Several different map products have been prepared for the information of inhabitants and for planning purposes, and also methods for damage and risk analysis related to high groundwater levels have been developed. Groundwater management measures and structural measures are available to reduce the risk related to high groundwater levels. An operational management system could be combined from existing components, but operational forecasting systems for high groundwater levels are—different to flood forecasting systems—not yet common practice. A better understanding of the processes and the development of integrated approaches for modeling, design, planning, forecasting, and warning, as well as improvement of interdisciplinary collaboration between different organizations, are recommendations for the future.This article is categorized under:
Engineering Water > Engineering Water
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Science of Water > Water Extremes
Forgotten Ureteral Stent Syndrome
Authors: de la Encarnación Castellano Cristina , Canós Nebot Àngela , Caballero Romeu Juan Pablo , Soria Federico , Galán Llopis Juan Antonio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUreteral stents are one of the most widely employed tools in urology and have been in use for more than four decades. Their indications have widened over the years, making the management of their complications an essential role in the urologist’s practice. In this regard, the “retained or forgotten ureteral stent” syndrome remains a challenge. This syndrome is defined as the group of signs and symptoms produced by a JJ stent that has not been removed 2 or more weeks after the end of its maximum life.Data on the frequency of forgotten ureteral stents vary widely between series, ranging from 3% to 51% of stents that are placed. The properties of urine and the presence of bacteria can promote catheter encrustation. This can result in a highly variable range of signs and symptoms. Patients may have no clinical presentation or may have severe urinary tract infections and/or renal failure.New biomaterials for stent manufacture and coatings should reduce the main complications associated with this syndrome are currently under development. New technologies aimed at planning and remembering stent removal or replacement could dramatically reduce the incidence of this syndrome.
A Dynamically Degradable Surface: Can We ‘Fool’ Bacteria to Delay Biofouling in Urinary Stents?
Authors: Tofail Syed A. M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman body has evolved multiple strategies such as the development of a complex immune system and procurement of commensal microorganisms to deal with detrimental invasion by microbes. Despite this, biofilms pose an extremely difficult mechanism for humans to cope with infections caused by both pathogenic and opportunistically pathogenic microorganisms. Biofilms on urinary stents can lead to patient-discomfort, urinary tract infection and bacteriuria, antimicrobial resistance, stent fouling (encrustation) and obstruction. Currently, biofilm prevention and treatment in ureteral stents are carried out using a ‘static’ coating of the stent with heparin or a pH control-buffer. They increase patency but still becomes colonised by bacteria leading to biofilms. In this chapter we outline a patent-pending first-principle design strategy for a stent-coating stents that has the potential of increasing the patency by manifold and, at will. This strategy involves delaying biofouling with a ‘dynamically degradable surface’ and will be described in this chapter.
Bacterial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation: Hydrodynamics Effects
Authors: Gomes Luciana C. , Teixeira-Santos Rita , Romeu Maria J. , Mergulhão Filipe J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe effectiveness of biomedical surfaces may be highly affected by the hydrodynamic condition. Surfaces releasing antimicrobial substances when exposed to flow may exhibit shorter lifetimes than at static conditions. Likewise, depending on the fluid flow surrounding the surface, contact-killing surfaces that are adhesive for bacterial cells may be covered by bacterial debris, which decreases their antimicrobial activity. To evaluate the anti-adhesive and antimicrobial performance of novel biomedical materials, a number of flow devices have been designed to recreate in vivo flow conditions. Shear stress and flow rate can be accurately controlled and varied in these in vitro flow systems, which requires prior knowledge of the flow dynamics inside the platform. After limiting their operational range, modified Robbins devices, flow chambers and microfluidic devices are suggested as experimental setups to mimic the flow behavior in urinary catheters and stents.
Light-Activated Polymer Nanocomposites Doped with a New Type of Carbon Quantum Dots for Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Kováčová Mária , Špitalská Eva , Špitálský Zdenko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCarbon quantum dots (CQDs) are relatively new carbon allotrope. It triggered an investigation of new CQD research of synthesis, properties CQDs, and applications. CQDs are quasispherical carbon particles with a size less than 10 nm with crystalline sp2 cores of graphite and quantum effects. A subclass of CQDs are graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and they have a structure of one or several graphene layers with diameter < 10 nm with higher crystallinity than CQDs. CQDs also play an important role in medicine. CQDs are used in intracellular ion detection, toxin detection, pathogen, vitamin, enzyme, protein, nucleic acid, and biological pH value determination. Despite the broad range of biomedical applications, we would like to focus on antibacterial properties of pure CQDs and their polymer composites. The antibacterial effect of CQDs is based on noninvasive photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT can cause a specific biological response on the cellular or subcellular level, such as apoptosis, programmed death, or necrosis, a nonprogrammed pathway. CQDs are a very promising new antibacterial nanoparticles.
Preventing Biofilm Formation and Encrustation on Urinary Implants: (Bio)coatings and Tissue Engineering
Authors: Buchholz Noor , de Graaf Petra , de la Cruz Julia E. , Kram Wolfgang , Skovorodkin Ilya , Soria Federico , Vainio Seppo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEven though urinary stents and catheters have been commonly applied in medicine for several decades and still are constantly being modified and optimized, their structure and performance still requires further improvement. A major drawback of urinary implants is the deposition of organic and non-organic substances on their surface leading to biofilm formation resulting in encrustations, blockages, and infections. Promising research lines are stent coatings with antibodies, enzymes and various bioactive compounds. We will also discuss the possibility of making urinary implants more “tissue friendly” by designing biomimetic surfaces. Finally, in accordance with the paradigm “repair or regrow” we will touch on tissue engineering approaches to replace artificial urinary implants by those generated in vitro or in vivo from homologous tissue. We summarised modern biological approaches to improve the structure, function and performance of urinary stents. Some have been already applied in urinary stent production whilst others have been tested in the field of vascular stents, such as antibody or biomimetic coating. Bioengineering approaches aiming at the generation of complete analogs of damaged urinary tissue from autologous patient-derived cells represent a more futuristic outlook. Nevertheless, we hope that the rapid development of advanced multidisciplinary research platforms in modern biomedicine will make these approaches feasible in the near future.
Ureteral Stents. Impact on Patient’s Quality of Life
Authors: Bargues-Balanzá M. , Ordaz-Jurado G. , Budía-Alba A. , Boronat-Tormo F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUreteral stents have a major role in urology and are used mainly to achieve correct renal drainage. Ureteral stents are very effective and their use in recent decades has clearly increased. However, more than 80% of patients with an ureteral stent present associated symptoms, such as pain, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), sexual dysfunction… leading to an important drop in the quality of life (QoL). Our objective is to describe ureteral stent related symptoms and their impact on the quality of life of patients.
Introduction and Historical Overview
Authors: Hart Matthew J , Hill Daniel J 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter defines the philosophical terms to be used and explains the book’s reliance on the Christian Scriptures. It then sets out the book’s thesis, that God intends that sin occur. The chapter marshals at some length examples of thinkers arguing against the book’s thesis, and examples in favour of it. It is suggested that the predominant view in the past has been against the book’s thesis, not only in Roman-Catholic thought but also in Protestant thought, even in the Reformed tradition. The chapter admits that the book argues against the majority opinion, but the minority in favour of the view is not insignificant.
The Substratum Strategy
Authors: Hart Matthew J , Hill Daniel J 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter discusses a second rival strategy to ours for interpreting the Scriptures. It is based on the distinction between the substratum of a sinful action and the formal, sinful aspect of such an action. The distinction is somewhat similar to the legal distinction between actus reus (e.g. the physical act of killing) and mens rea (e.g. the intention to kill), but is broader, since the substratum includes all the non-moral properties of the action, including mental properties. The strategy is intended by our opponents to work as follows: where we think that the Scriptures teach that God intends that sin occur, the rival strategy holds that God intends that the substratum, but not that the formal, sinful aspect, of the action occur.
Passages from the New Testament
Authors: Hart Matthew J , Hill Daniel J 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter analyses in depth a number of passages from the New Testament: Acts 2:23 and Acts 4:27–28, Romans 9:21–24, Romans 11:25–32, Galatians 3:19–22, 2 Thessalonians 2:11–12, 2 Peter 2:12, Revelation 17:16–17, and Revelation 22:10–11. For each passage, the chapter considers the amount of evidence (strong, moderate, or weak) that it provides for the book’s thesis, that God intends that sin occur. Also, for each passage the chapter considers alternative interpretations, interpretations on which God does not intend that sin occur. These interpretations are the substratum interpretation, the Kammian interpretation, and the combined substratum–Kammian interpretation.
Objections and Concerns
Authors: Hart Matthew J , Hill Daniel J 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter responds to some objections and concerns. First, it discusses some Scriptural passages that might be adduced against the book’s thesis that God intends that sin occur: Habakkuk 1:13, Romans 3:7–8, Matthew 18:4–7; Luke 17:1–2; Mark 9:42, James 1:13–14. Then, it responds to some philosophical objections that have been adduced against the book’s thesis. It concludes with a discussion of whether the book’s thesis imperils the place occupied by the Doctrine of Double Effect in Christian teaching, concluding that it may still hold good on the human-to-human ethical plane.
Kink-antikink collision in the supersymmetric 𝜙4 model
Authors: Campos João G.F. , Mohammadi Azadeh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates a model containing 𝜙4 kinks interacting with fermions. The fermion back-reaction is included in the equations of motion, which affects the kink-antikink collisions. We show that the fermion field generates a force that can be either attractive or repulsive. Moreover, we investigate three different scenarios, which exhibit a wide variety of behaviors, including the usual scenarios observed in the 𝜙4 model as well as the formation of two oscillons, reflection without contact, one-bounce resonance windows, and the creation of kink-antikink pairs. We also find evidence that the fermion field can store part of the energy responsible for the energy exchange mechanism.