bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of coastal vegetated habitats for tropical marine fishes in the Red Sea
Authors: Dunne Aislinn , Coker Darren J , Kattan Alexander , Tietbohl Matthew D , Ellis Joanne I , Jones Burton , Berumen Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Marine vegetated habitats such as seagrass, mangroves, and macroalgae are common in tropical coastlines globally, providing habitats for a diversity of organisms. Many tropical fish use these habitats, including juvenile fish and species found on coral reefs. Understanding the use of these habitats by different fish species and life stages is fundamental to spatial planning, fisheries management, and conservation. While previous studies have focused on the habitat potential of seagrass, macroalgae, or mangroves for coral reef fish independently, it is important to consider their combined roles, as tropical seascapes are often mosaics of such habitats. In this study, we evaluated habitat associations across life stages for fish species in coral reefs, seagrasses, macroalgae, and mangroves in Saudi Arabia’s central Red Sea. Through in situ visual surveys, we documented 36% of local coral reef fish species in one or more vegetated habitats, with the fraction of coral reef species utilizing macroalgae or seagrass much greater than that of mangroves (29%, 18%, and 6%, respectively). Mangroves hosted mainly juvenile fish (83% of observed population) and macroalgae hosted the largest proportion of herbivores (39% of observed population), suggesting that each environment offers different combinations of resources (food and shelter), and a mix of these habitats could support biological connectivity across a seascape. Species targeted by local fisheries made up 37% of the species documented in vegetated habitats. The use of multiple habitat types by juvenile and commercially important fishes in the Red Sea underscores the need for a holistic approach to habitat protection.
Amelioration of white matter injury through mitigating ferroptosis following hepcidin treatment after spinal cord injury
Authors: Hu Shengli , Shi Jiantao , Xue Xingshen , Yuan Linbo , He Guangjian , Jiang Zhouyang , Wang Long , Zhang Jiali , su Hong , Xian Jishu , Fu Chuhua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) usually introduces permanent or long-lasting neurological impairments. Maintaining the integrity of limited number of white matter bundles (5–10%) preserves wholly or partially locomotor following SCI. Considering that the basic structure of white matter bundles is axon wrapped by oligodendrocytes, promoting oligodendrocytes survival might be a feasible strategy for reducing white matter injury (WMI) after SCI. Oligodendrocytes are rich in unsaturated fatty acid, and susceptible to ferroptosis-induced damage. Hence, exploring method to reduce ferroptosis is supposed to expedite oligodendrocytes survival, thereafter mitigating WMI to facilitate functional recovery post-SCI. Here, the results indicated the administration of hepcidin reduced iron accumulation to promote oligodendrocytes survival and to decrease spinal cord atrophy, thereafter facilitating functional recovery. Then, the WMI was evidently decreased due to attenuating ferroptosis. Subsequently, the results uncovered that the expression of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) was expressed in CC1+ cells. The expression level of DMT1 and TfR1 was significantly increased, while this phenomenon was obviously neutralized with the administration of hepcidin in the epicenter of spinal cord after SCI. Afterward, the application of hepcidin downregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) overload, which was evidently increased with the treatment of 20 µM FeCl3, thereafter increasing cell viability and reducing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity through downregulating the expression of DMT1 and TfR1 to inhibit ferroptosis in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). The present study provides evidence that the application of hepcidin expedites oligodendrocytes survival to alleviate WMI via minimizing the expression of DMT1 and TfR1.
Analysis of risk factors for early progression of prostate cancer after initial endocrine therapy
Authors: Hu Bowen , Shu Feng , Liu Yan , Zhu Jiaying , Wang Haojie , Xie Nengqing , Liu Xiaoling , Jiang Guanmin , Yan Minbo , Dai Yingbo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProlonged androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with prostate cancer can eventually lead to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Once CRPC occurs, the patient's prognosis will be extremely poor. This study explored the time to progression and the predictability of risk factors for CRPC progression based on clinical information and laboratory indicators. Among 159 prostate cancer patients initially treated with ADT, 90 patients were screened for inclusion. Patients progressed to CRPC after endocrine therapy enrolled in Group B, and others enrolled in Group A. Within Group B, they were divided into B1 and B2 Group Based on progression to CRPC within 18 months or not. Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that the time to PSA nadir (TTN) (P = 0.031) and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (P = 0.013) were significantly different between Group A and B. TTN (P < 0.001), LDH (P = 0.001) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (P = 0.005) were significantly different between Group B1 and B2. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank tests showed that TTN, LDH and PLR were statistically significantly different in CRPC progression-free survival. The ROC curve showed that the predictive value of TTN (AUC 0.852) (95% CI 0.768–0.942, p < 0.001) was much higher than that of PLR (AUC 0.631) or LDH (0.647) and that the AUC value of TTN combined with PLR and LDH increased to 0.958 (95% CI 0.911–0.997, p < 0.001). In addition, TTN correlated with tumour M-stage and haemoglobin (Hb). In conclusion, we derived independent and combined predictors of early progression to CRPC in prostate cancer patients.
Climate resilience of European wine regions
Authors: Tscholl Simon , Candiago Sebastian , Marsoner Thomas , Fraga Helder , Giupponi Carlo , Vigl Lukas Egarter 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Over centuries, European vintners have developed profound knowledge about grapes, environment, and techniques that yields the most distinguishable wines. In many regions, this knowledge is reflected in the system of wine geographical indications (GI), but climate change is challenging this historical union. Here, we present the first climate change vulnerability assessment of 1174 wine GIs across Europe and propose climate-resilient development pathways using an ensemble of biophysical and socioeconomic indicators. Results indicate that wine regions in Southern Europe are among the most vulnerable, with high levels also found in Eastern Europe. Vulnerability is driven by the rigidity of the GI system, which restricts the exploitation of suitable bioclimatic conditions and existing grape cultivar diversity, as well as contextual deficiencies, such as limited socioeconomic resources. Building a climate-resilient wine sector will require rethinking the GI system by allowing innovation to compensate for the negative effects of climate change.
One-Pot Facile Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Stem Extract of Amaranthus Campestris and Comparison of its Characteristics with Chemically Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Hazel D , Gobi N 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Nanomaterial is defined as a material with the size range of 1 nm to 100 nm. Nanomaterials have landed in many sectors due to its enormous characteristics features. Nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical, physical and biological method in general. The chemical synthesis process comprises limitations like high production cost, usage of toxic chemicals, toxic by-product emission etc., Green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticle (IONPs) are preferred due to higher biocompatibility, non toxicity, cost effective, high yield, less energy consumption, environment friendly by products, less usage of chemicals and eco friendly nature. Green synthesis uses plant extracts (roots, leaves, stem, flowers and fruits) and microorganism (bacteria, fungus and algae) for the iron oxide nanoparticle (IONPs) development. Synthesis of plant mediated nanoparticles has obtained more notice in recent times. In this research, synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles with desired properties has done by green synthesis method using Amaranthus Campestris plant stem extract and chemical method. This article summarizes the synthesis process and characterizations of obtained iron oxide nanoparticle (IONPs) through chemical and biological route. The comparisons between chemically and green synthesized magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle have done using various characterization methods such as FTIR, FE-SEM, XRD,VSM, UV visible Spectroscopy and antimicrobial activity.
U-shaped association between the triglyceride-glucose index and atrial fibrillation incidence in general people without known cardiovascular disease
Authors: Liu Xiao , Abudukeremu Ayiguli , Jiang Yuan , Cao Zhengyu , Wu Maoxiong , Ma Jianyong , Sun Runlu , He Wanbing , Chen Zhiteng , Chen Yangxin , Zhang Yuling , Wang Jingfeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been shown to bea new alternative measure for insulin resistance. However, no study has attempted to investigate the association of the TyG index with incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in the general population without known cardiovascular diseases.
Methods:Individuals without known cardiovascular diseases (heart failure, coronary heart disease, or stroke) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort were recruited. The baseline TyG index was calculated as the Ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. The association between the baseline TyG index and incident AF was examined using Cox regression.
Results: Of 11,851 participants, the mean age was 54.0 years; 6586 (55.6%) were female. During a median follow-up of 24.26 years, 1925 incidents of AF cases (0.78/per 100 person-years) occurred. An increased AF incidence with a graded TyG index was found by Kaplan‒Meier curves (P<0.001). In multivariable-adjusted analysis, both low (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]=1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02, 1.29) and high levels (aHR 1.18, 95% CI 1.03, 1.37) of the TyG index were associated with anincreased risk of AF compared with the middle TyG index category (8.80-9.20). The exposure-effect analysis confirmed the U-shaped association between the TyG index and AF incidence (P=0.041). Further sex-specific analysis showedthat aU-shaped association between the TyG index and incident AF still existed in females but not in males.
Conclusion: A U-shaped association between the TyG index and AF incidence was observed in Americans without known cardiovascular diseases. Sex may be a modifier in the association between the TyG index and AF incidence.
SCARS Study: Surgical Confidence when operating Among Residents in Surgery – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Awlia Alaa M. , Alotaibi Shomokh F. , Hawsa Asya A. , Sultan Abdullah O. , Trabulsi Nora H. , Akeel Nouf Y. , Malibary Nadim H. , Saleem Abdulaziz M. , Samkari Ali A. , Alburakan Ahmed A. , Kadi Mai S. , Alkhatieb Maram T. , Shabkah Alaa A. , Farsi Ali H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Self-confidence, one of the critical variables influencing surgical resident’s abilities, and lack of confidence maybe a reason for not entering medical practice immediately. Measuring the level of confidence of senior surgical residents (SSRs) is a crucial step in assessing preparedness to practice. In this study, we aim to measure their confidence level and the factors that might contribute to it.
Methods
Cross-sectional survey conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital on SSRs in Saudi Arabia (SA).
Results
Response rate was 89.4%. Among surveyed residents, 66% had completed < 750 cases as a primary surgeon. More than 90% of SSRs were confident in performing appendectomy, open inguinal hernia repair, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and trauma laparotomy, while 88% were confident in being on-call in level-I trauma center. No difference was noted in confidence level in relation to the number of performed cases. Residents from the Ministry of Health accounted for 56.3% of the study population and showed a higher confidence level compared to others. 94% of SSRs plan to pursue fellowship training program.
Conclusion
The study showed that the confidence of SSRs in performing common general surgery procedures was as expected. However, it’s important to recognize that confidence doesn’t necessarily reflect competence. Considering the majority of SSRs planned to pursue fellowship training programs, it may be time to consider changing the structure of surgical training in SA to a modular format to allow earlier and more intensive exposure.
Contraception use among individuals with substance use disorder increases 10-fold with patient-centered, mobile services: a quasi- experimental study
Authors: Hurley Emily A. , Goggin Kathy , Piña-Brugman Kimberly , Noel-MacDonnell Janelle R. , Allen Andrea , Finocchario-Kessler Sarah , Miller Melissa K. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) have disproportionately high rates of unintended pregnancy. Reducing harm associated with this risk and its biopsychosocial consequences requires evidence-based, non-coercive interventions that ensure access to contraception for individuals who choose to prevent pregnancy. We aimed to examine feasibility and impact of SexHealth Mobile, a mobile unit-based intervention aiming to increase access to patient-centered contraceptive care for individuals in SUD recovery programs.

Methods

We conducted a quasi-experimental study (enhanced usual care [EUC] followed by intervention) at three recovery centers with participants (n = 98) at risk for unintended pregnancy. EUC participants were offered printed information on community locations where they could access contraception care. SexHealth Mobile participants were offered same-day, onsite clinical consultation on a medical mobile unit and contraception if desired. The primary outcome was use of hormonal contraception/IUD at one-month post-enrollment. Secondary outcomes were use at two-weeks and three-months. Confidence in preventing unintended pregnancy, reasons for non-use of contraception at follow-up, and intervention feasibility were also assessed.

Results

Participants (median age = 31, range 19–40) enrolled in the intervention were almost 10 times more likely to be using contraception at one-month (51.5%) versus the those enrolled in the EUC period (5.4%) (unadjusted relative risk [URR] = 9.3 [95%CI: 2.3–37.1]; adjusted relative risk [ARR] = 9.8 [95%CI: 2.4–39.2]). Intervention participants were also more likely to be using contraception at 2-weeks (38.7% vs. 2.6%; URR = 14.3 [95%CI: 2.0-104.1]) and three-months (40.9% vs. 13.9%; URR = 2.9 [95% CI: 1.1–7.4]). EUC participants reported more barriers (cost, time) and less confidence in preventing unintended pregnancies. Mixed-methods feasibility data indicated high acceptability and feasible integration into recovery settings.

Conclusions

Mobile contraceptive care based on principles of reproductive justice and harm reduction reduces access barriers, is feasible to implement in SUD recovery settings, and increases contraception use. Following the overturning of Roe v. Wade, expanding interventions like SexHealth Mobile may help reduce harm from unintended pregnancies among individuals in SUD recovery.
Trial Registration: NCT04227145
Mesorectal reconstruction with pedicled greater omental transplantation to relieve low anterior resection syndrome following total intersphincteric resection in patients with ultra-low rectal cancer
Authors: Liao Jiankun , Qin Haiquan , Wang Zheng , Meng Linghou , Wang Wentao , Liu Jungang , Mo Xianwei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Total intersphincteric resection (ISR) is the ultimate anus-preserving surgery for patients with ultra-low rectal cancer (ULRC), which can result in various degrees of anorectal dysfunction. Known as low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), it seriously affects the postoperative quality of life of patients. The aim of this study was to discuss the value of mesorectal reconstruction with pedicled greater omental transplantation (PGOT) to relieve LARS following total ISR in patients with ULRC, hoping to provide new ideas and strategies for the prevention and improvement of LARS.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed hospitalization data and postoperative anorectal function of 26 ULRC patients, who were met inclusion and exclusion criteria in our center from January 2015 to February 2022. And combined with the results of anorectal manometry and rectal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) defecography of some patients, we assessed comprehensively anorectal physiological and morphological changes of the patients after surgery, and their correlation with LARS.
RESULTS
In this study, 26 patients with ULRC were enrolled and divided into observation group (n = 15) and control group (n = 11) according to whether pedicled omental transplantation was performed. There were no significant differences in surgical results such as operative time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Postoperative follow-up showed that patients in both groups showed severe LARS within 3 months after surgery, but from the 3rd month after surgery, LARS in both groups gradually began to decrease, especially in the observation group, which showed faster recovery and better recovery, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.001). Through anorectal manometry, the mean rectal resting pressure in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P = 0.010). In addition, the postoperative thickness of the posterior rectal mesenterium in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.001), and also higher than the preoperative level (P = 0.018). Moreover, rectal MRI defecography showed that the new rectum had good compliance under the matting of greater omentum, and its intestinal peristalsis was coordinated.
CONCLUSION
ULRC patients, with the help of greater omentum, coordinated their neo-rectum peristalsis after total ISR and recovery of LARS was faster and better. PGOT is expected to be an effective strategy for LARS prevention and treatment of ULRC patients after surgery and is worthy of clinical promotion.
Style Transfer Network For Complex Multi-stroke Text
Authors: Chen Fangmei , Wang Yuying , Xu Sheng , Wang Fasheng , Sun Fuming , Jia Xu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Neural style transfer has achieved success in many tasks. It is also introduced to text style transfer, which uses a style image to generate transferred images with textures and shapes consistent with the semantic content of the reference image. However, when the text structure is complex, existing methods will encounter problems such as stroke adhesion and unclear text edges. This will affffect the aesthetics of the generated image and bring a lot of extra workload to the designers. This paper proposes an improved text style transfer network for complex multistroke texts. We use Shape-matching Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) as the baseline network and perform the following modififications: (1) Morphological methods, erosion and dilation, are introduced
in image processing; (2) Residual modules and loss functions are added to the network; and (3) AdaBelief optimizer is adopted to constrain the transfer of text structure. Further, a new dataset of traditional Chinese characters is constructed to train the model. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods on both simple characters and complex multi-stroke characters. It is shown that our method increases the readability and aesthetics of the text.
Endowment of Excellent Water Redispersibility for Cellulose Nanocrystals Using the Strategy of Chemical Shielding and Dispersion with Debonding Agent
Authors: Peng Du , Xu Yongjian , Zhang Ruixia , Xu Qinghua , Gao Minlan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs), as an environmentally friendly, green and inexhaustible material, are widely used in transparent packaging, drug release, water purification etc. However, CNCs have an innate tendency to aggregate, and are difficult to be redispersed especially after drying. In this work, we propose a simple and easy-to-use route to render the CNCs with excellent redispersibility by adding a debonding agent (DA). The redispersed CNCs are named Re/mDA-CNCs. Here m represents the percentage amount of DA and Re is an abbreviation for redispersed. The results show that the Z-average size of Re/0.4DA-CNCs after redispersion is consistent with that of original CNCs, and the size distribution is uniform. The Zeta potential of Re/0.4DA-CNCs is lower than that of the original CNCs. The reason is that the electrostatic repulsion between the hydrophobic groups in DA and the -OH groups on the CNC surface leads to the neutralization of the cationic groups in DA with the -OH groups on the CNC surface, which reduces the amount of H-bonding formed through -OH groups in CNC intramolecular. Furthermore, the FT-IR and XRD results indicate that the successful introduction of DA to the CNC surface shield the formation of H-bonding by -OH groups in CNC intramolecular, leading to the decrease of CNC cornification without changing the basic chemical structure of the CNCs. The Re/0.4DA-CNCs demonstrate potential applications in the field of food packaging, biological medicine, etc.
Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic profiling reveals the key molecular signatures of brain endothelial reperfusion injury
Authors: Ji Yabin , Chen Yiman , Tan Xixi , Huang Xiaowen , Gao Qiang , Ma Yinzhong , Yu Min , Fang Cheng , Wang Yu , Shi Zhu , Chang Junlei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Reperfusion after ischemic stroke often causes brain microvascular injury and blood-brain barrier disruption; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we performed transcriptomic and proteomic analyses on human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells following oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) or OGD plus recovery (OGD/R), to identify molecules and signaling pathways dysregulated by reperfusion. Transcriptomic analysis identified 390 differentially expressed genes (301 upregulated and 89 downregulated) between the OGD/R and OGD groups. Pathway analysis indicated that the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway was the most significantly enriched. Furthermore, these genes were mostly associated with inflammation, including the TNF signaling pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway. On the other hand, 201 differentially expressed proteins (96 upregulated and 105 downregulated) were identified by proteomics between the OGD/R and OGD groups and were primarily associated with extracellular matrix destruction and remodeling, impairment of endothelial transport function, and inflammatory responses. Six genes (DUSP1, JUNB, NFKBIA, NR4A1, SERPINE1, and THBS1) were upregulated by OGD/R at both the mRNA and protein levels. The expression of genes related to inflammatory responses and extracellular matrix were further measured in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in vivo. Overall, our study provides a comprehensive molecular atlas of brain endothelial reperfusion injury and may facilitate the understanding and treatment of reperfusion injury after ischemic stroke.