bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Olfactory swab sampling optimization for α-synuclein aggregates detection in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Bongianni Matilde , Catalan Mauro , Perra Daniela , Fontana Elena , Janes Francesco , Bertolotti Claudio , Sacchetto Luca , Capaldi Stefano , Tagliapietra Matteo , Polverino Paola , Tommasini Valentina , Bellavita Giulia , Kachoie Elham Ataie , Baruca Roberto , Bernardini Andrea , Valente Mariarosaria , Fiorini Michele , Bronzato Erika , Tamburin Stefano , Bertolasi Laura , Brozzetti Lorenzo , Cecchini Maria Paola , Gigli Gianluigi , Monaco Salvatore , Manganotti Paolo , Zanusso Gianluigi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
In patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) detection of pathological α–synuclein (α-syn) in olfactory mucosa (OM) was not as accurate as in other α-synucleinopathies. It is unknown whether these variable results might be related to a different distribution of pathological α-syn in olfactory mucosa (OM). Thus, we investigated whether nasal swab (NS) performed in areas with a different coverage by olfactory neuroepithelium, such as agger nasi (AN) and middle turbinate (MT), might affect pathological α-syn detection.
Methods
NS was performed in 66 patients with PD and 29 non-PD between September 2018 and April 2021. In 43 patients CSF was also obtained and all samples were analyzed by RT-QuIC for α-syn.
Results
In a first round, 72 OM samples were collected by NS, from AN (NSAN) or from MT (NSMT), and 35 resulted RT-QuIC positive. Of these, 27/32 (84%) resulted from AN, 5/11 (45%) from MT and 3/29 (10%) belonged to non-PD patients. Furthermore, 23 additional PD patients underwent NS at both AN and MT. NSAN were positive in 18/23 (78%) while NSMTin 10/23 (44%). Immunocytochemistry on NS preparations showed a higher representation of olfactory neural cells in NSAN compared to NSMT. We also observed α-syn and phospho-α-syn deposits in NS from PD patients but not in controls. Finally, RT-QuIC was positive in 22/24 CSF samples from PD patients (92%) and in 1/19 non-PD.
Conclusion
In PD patients, RT-QuIC sensitivity is significantly increased (from 45–84%) when NS is performed at AN indicating that α-syn aggregates are preferentially detected in olfactory areas with higher concentration of olfactory neurons. Although RT-QuIC analysis of CSF showed a higher diagnostic accuracy compared to NS, due to the non-invasiveness NS might be considered an ancillary procedure for PD diagnosis.
Underweight is associated with a higher risk of acute pancreatitis in type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Choi Young Hoon , Han Kyung Do , Cho In Rae , Lee In Seok , Ryu Ji Kon , Kim Yong-Tae , Chung Kwang Hyun , Lee Sang Hyub 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes is known as a risk factor for acute pancreatitis, but the risk of acute pancreatitis according to glycemic status and body mass index (BMI) has remained unknown. Therefore, we aim to investigate the risk of acute pancreatitis according to BMI and glycemic status in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods: We included 3,912,496 subjects from the Korean National Health Insurance System cohort who underwent the National Health Screening program in 2009. Each subject’s clinical course was examined through follow-ups until December 2018. BMI and glycemic status were each categorized into five groups. Hazard ratios (HRs) of acute pancreatitis according to BMI and glycemic status were calculated using the Cox proportional-hazards model with the adjustment of clinical factors.Results: The adjusted HRs of acute pancreatitis were the highest in the underweight group (BMI < 18.5) in all five glycemic status categories. The HR of acute pancreatitis in the underweight group increased as the glycemic status worsened, excluding the category of diabetes for more than five years (HR 1.381 for normal fasting glucose; 1.805 for impaired fasting glucose; 2.332 for new-onset diabetes; 4.51 for diabetes duration < 5 years; 4.135 for diabetes duration ≥ 5 years). Sustained underweight group also showed the highest HR in those with and without type 2 diabetes (HR 1.674 for non-diabetes and 1.311 for diabetes).Conclusions: We found that the risk of acute pancreatitis was further increased in the underweight group, depending on the status and duration of type 2 diabetes.
The Replacement of Medical Equipment through Economic Evaluation of Processes: A Strategic Planning Methodology
Authors: NP Navor-Galeana , Pineda Carlos , Sandoval Hugo , Gutierrez-Martinez Josefina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background. - Decision-making about replacement of high-tech medical equipment (MEs) is a traditional hospital problem. Thus, it is crucial to consider timely planning for MEs replacement to overcome this issue and objectively determine when to retire MEs from any existing healthcare practice or procedure. The Health Technology Assessment (HTA) of MEs allows prioritizing its replacement in a hospital. In this sense, the investment cost of the equipment and other critical factors to evaluate the process; maintenance costs and productivity must be considered either. This paper proposes one strategic planning, HTA-based MEs replacement methodology, considering cost-effectiveness analysis, intermediate effectiveness, and Business Process Modeling (BPM). The validation of this methodology and its possible implications was carried out by evaluating the relevance and convenience of replacing the sterilizers/washers that are in the last stage of their lifecycle, operating in our Central Sterilization Units. Results. - The BPM allowed us to analyze the workflow where MEs are involved during the sterilization process. As a result, it is possible to identify not only the workflow but also the client (e.g., surgical nurse who demands the material), the activities, and makers, that is to say, the nurse (who carries out the sterilization procedure), and the supplier (who transports material). The economic evaluation is carried out based on the workflow and process management indexes, defined for a period of cost analysis. The best MEs alternative (new vs old) is identified through a decision-tree and the processes where the ME is used through time indexes, productivity and performance indicators. Conclusions. - The results show that the methodology presented in this paper has high potential to detect delays, measure efficiency, productivity and costs of processes and even supports the improvement of the processes where the MEs operate. The role of the clinical engineer is crucial for data collection and analysis. In addition, HTA-based MEs replacement methodology provides reliable, pertinent, relevant and useful information to support decision-making at the management level, and also, for the formulation of health policies.
Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of Integrated Palliative Outcome Scale-renal (IPOS-r) to Czech
Authors: Křemenová Zuzana , Vlčková Karolína 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Patients with advanced kidney disease suffer from burdensome symptoms, which should be assessed by reliable and valid patient-reported outcome measures. This study aimed to provide translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Czech version of IPOS-r.Methods: The IPOS-r was translated and culturally adapted to Czech using cognitive interviews. Patients and staff in dialysis centers and outpatient renal clinics completed the IPOS-r. The reliability of Czech IPOS-r was tested with Cronbach alpha (for internal consistency), the intraclass correlation coefficient for total IPOS-r score, and weighted Kappa (for test-retest and inter-rater reliability of individual items). Convergent validity was tested with Spearman correlation analysis to Kidney Disease Quality of Life Survey-Short Form 1.2 (KDQOL-SF 1.2). We tested responsiveness to change using a distribution-based approach.Results: The sample included 88 patients (mean age 66 ±SD 13.8; 58% men), who were treated with hemodialysis (70.5%), home hemodialysis ( 5.5%), peritoneal dialysis (3%), and conservative management (21%).). The Cronbach alpha was 0.72; intraclass correlation was 0,84 for test-retest reliability and 0.73 for inter-rater reliability. Good convergent validity of IPOS-r correlated to KDQOL-SF 1.2 was proved with Spearman correlations between 0.4-0.8 for most of the IPOS-r items. Using IPOS-r is feasible and meantime to complete the questionnaire was 9 minutes. Patients who reported a change in health status after one month demonstrated a total IPOS-r score change of 8 points in both positive, and negative directions.Conclusions: The process of translation and cultural adaptation of IPOS-r was efficient and the Czech IPOS-r questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool. Our results recommend the use of Czech IPOS-r for the documentation of symptoms in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease.Trial registration GAUK[82121]
Insight into carbapenem-resistance and virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii from a children's medical center in the east China
Authors: Zhu Yunfen , Zhang Xin , Wang Yunzhong , Tao Yunzhen , Shao Xuejun , Li Yang , Li Wei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) appeared more and more frequently in children and caused a great threat to global public health. It is urgent to investigate the carbapenems-resistance and virulence of CRAB for clinicians to choose appropriate antibiotics. A retrospective study for 77 nonduplicated CRAB isolates was conducted. The carbapenems-resistance and virulence genes were characterized by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis. In present study, A. baumannii mainly came from intensive care unit, mostly isolated from sputum samples. The carbapenems-resistant rate of A. baumannii in 2018–2020 increased significantly compared with that in 2016–2017. All isolates had the carbapenems-resistant genes. They were highly resistant to a variety of antibiotics, but were relatively sensitive to fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines. The blaVIM and blaOXA-23 were detected in all isolates, whereas blaOXA-51, blaIMP and blaNDM were present in 98.70%, 67.53% and 31.17% of isolates. Notably, 1 isolate A. baumannii was identified as multidrug-resistant A. baumannii (MDR-AB), and 76 other extensivelydrug-resistance (XDR) isolates were also detected. Virulence genes were present in 100% of all isolates, including genes in iron acquisition system (basJ), secretion systems (ompA, plcD), quorum sensing system (abaI) and biofifilm formation (csuA). adeH, pgaA, ptk were present in 98.70%, 98.70% and 94.80% of isolates. CRAB prevalent in east China carried a large number of drug resistance and virulence genes. Fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines may be effective antibiotics for the treatment of CRAB infection in children. An in-depth understanding of the resistance and virulence of CRAB is conducive to timely guiding empirical drug use and controlling infection.
Supplementation of SDF1 during in vitro maturation reduces oxidative stress in pig oocytes and improves subsequent embryo development
Authors: Zhao Huaxing , Dong Yazheng , Zhang Yuxing , Wu Xiao , Zhang Xianjun , Liang Yalin , Li Yanan , Zeng Fang , Shi Junsong , Zhou Rong , Hong Linjun , Cai Gengyuan , Wu Zhenfang , Li Zicong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The quality of in vitro matured oocytes (IVTMOs) is inferior to that of in vivo matured oocytes (IVVMOs), which translates to low developmental capacity of the IVTMOs-derived embryos. The developmental potential of IVTMOs is usually impaired due to oxidative stress. Stromal cell-derived factor-l (SDF1) can reduce oxidative stress and inhibit apoptosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of SDF1 supplementation during pig oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) on subsequent embryo development. ﻿Results: We found that SDF1 improved the maturation rate of pig oocytes, as well as the development of embryos generated by somatic cell nuclear transfer, in vitro fertilization and parthenogenesis. Supplementation of SDF1 during IVM decreased the ROS level, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and altered the expression of apoptosis-related genes in the pig oocytes. The transcriptomic data of the SDF1-treated IVTMOs showed that SDF1 enhanced oocyte quality by modulating the purine metabolism and TNF signaling pathways, and by upregulating YY1 and TET1, two critical factors for oocyte development. Conclusions: In conclusion, SDF1 supplementation enhances the ability of pig IVTMOs to support subsequent embryo development by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality and developmental potential of pig IVTMOs.
Flight Behavioural Quantification of Mosquitoes using Mask RCNN
Authors: Javed Nouman , Paradkar Prasad N. , Bhatti Asim 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases cause a huge burden on public health worldwide. The viruses that cause these diseases impact the behavioural traits of mosquitoes, including locomotion and feeding. Understanding these traits can help in improving existing epidemiological models and developing effective mosquito traps. However, it is difficult to understand the flight behaviour of mosquitoes due to their small sizes, complicated poses, and seemingly random moving patterns. Currently, no open-source tool is available that can detect and track resting or flying mosquitoes. Our work presented in this paper provides a detection and trajectory estimation method using the Mask RCNN algorithm and spline interpolation, which can efficiently detect mosquitoes and track their trajectories with higher accuracy. Considering the mosquito size, the proposed method's detection performance is validated using a tracker error and a custom metric that considers the mean distance between positions (estimated and ground truth), pooled standard deviation, and average accuracy. The results showed that the proposed method could successfully detect and track the flying (≈ 96% accuracy) as well as resting (100% accuracy) mosquitoes. Hence, this research serves as an efficient open-source tool to facilitate further examination of mosquito behavioural traits.
Theory of mind in adolescents with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Razjouyan Katayoon , Hosseinzadeh Mariam , Zahed Ghazal , Khademi Mojgan , Davari Rozita , Arabgol Fariba 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder which may be associated with impaired Theory of Mind (ToM) and social cognition. ToM is a domain in social cognition which refers to one's ability to attribute beliefs, intents, perspectives, and understandings to oneself or others and to understand other's mental state. Methods: We enrolled 52 ADHD adolescents and 41 healthy age-matched controls in this study. We applied The Reading the Mind in The Eyes Task, and Theory of Mind Assessment Scale (Th.o.m.a.s) for all participants. The results of these tasks were compared between the two study groups. Results: There were no significant differences between these two study groups in terms of ToM abilities using mean scores in Th.o.m.a.s inventory and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test. Also, we did not find any association between the mean score in ToM (in both study groups) and our study parameters of gender, mean age, birth rank, family structure, and income.Conclusions: This study did not support the hypothesis that adolescents with ADHD perform worse on ToM tasks.
Branching patterns of the superficial fibular nerve: An anatomical study with meta-analysis
Authors: Correia Alisson Guilherme da Silva , Vieira João Gustavo Santos , Rodrigues Beatriz Cristina Machado , Fortes Luís Henrique Santos , Garção Diogo Costa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate variations in the branching patterns of the superficial fibular nerve (SFN) in regard to the deep fascia of the leg and to the ankle joint level.Methods: A broad literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, and Web of Science databases on October 14th, 2021. PRISMA guidelines have been followed throughout this review. Articles with data on SFN variations prevalence were included. The data were extracted and pooled into a meta-analysis. The authors also dissected a total of 64 formalin-fixed Brazilian fetuses (n = 124 lower limbs).Results: Twenty-five studies (n = 1272 lower limbs) comprised this review. Concerning the SFN branching at the deep fascia, type 1 variation (the SFN pierces the fascia as a single nerve trunk) had a pooled prevalence of 86.4% (95% CI 84.5-88.2), while type 2 had a pooled prevalence of 13.6% (95% CI 11.8-15.5). At the ankle joint level, type 2 variation (the SFN splits in its terminal branches after cross the joint) was the most common pattern, with a pooled prevalence of 78.7% (95% CI 74.5-82.7).Conclusion: In the most prevalent anatomical pattern, the SFN branching between its exit site from the deep fascia and the level of the ankle joint. These variants have great clinical significance.
Nanocurcumin Restores Arsenic Induced Disturbances in Neuropharmacological Activity in Wistar Rats
Authors: Nithyashree N. , Prakash N , Waghe Prashantkumar , R Santhosh C. , H Pavithra B. , Rajashekaraiah Rashmi , L Sathyanarayana M. , Sunilchandra U. , R Anjan Kumar K. , S Manjunatha S. , Muralidhar Y , R Shivaprasad G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The present study was carried out to examine the ameliorative potential of nanocurcumin against arsenic induced (sub-chronic) alterations in central nervous system in male Wistar rats. Nanocurcumin was synthesised and the hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential and particle size were ~ 76.60 nm, (-) 30 mV and 95nm, respectively. Experimental rats sub-chronically exposed to sodium (meta) arsenite (As; 10 mg.kg− 1; 70 days; p.o) induced significant (p < 0.05) reduction in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione and favoured free radical generation and induced lipid peroxidation in brain tissue. Further, sub-chronic arsenic exposure resulted in significant (p < 0.05) decrease in voluntary- and involuntary motor activities and enhanced anxiety levels. However, experimental rats receiving nanocurcumin (15 mg.kg− 1; p.o) showed significant (p < 0.05) recovery in enzymatic - and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence system and restoration of redox balance and overcome arsenic induced depression in motor activities and elevated anxiety levels. Further, Arsenic induced elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2 activity and prostaglandin-E2in brain and angiotensin-II levels (plasma) was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in experimental rats receiving nanocurcumin. Additionally, quantitative real -time polymerase chain reaction revealed a fivefold decrease in Nox2 expression in brain following nanocurcumin administration. Thus, the study concludes that nanocurcumin can serve as a potential therapeutic candidate to counter arsenic induced redox imbalance and neuropharmacological disturbances and there exists a vast scope to exploit its utility after appropriate clinical modelling.
Predicting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors monotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a machine learning method based on multidimensional data
Authors: Liu Na , Liang Bilin , Lu Lu , Zhang Bingqian , Sun Jingjing , Yang Jiantao , Xu Jie , Song Zhengbo , Shi Lei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Immunotherapy has improved the prognosis of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but only a small subset of patients achieved clinical benefit. The purpose of our study was to integrate multidimensional data using a machine learning method to predict the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) monotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC.Methods We retrospectively enrolled 112 patients with stage IIIB-IV NSCLC receiving ICIs monotherapy. The random forest (RF) algorithm was used to establish efficacy prediction models based on five different input datasets, including precontrast computed tomography (CT) radiomic data, postcontrast CT radiomic data, combination of the two CT radiomic data, clinical data, and combination of radiomic and clinical data. The 5-fold cross validation was used to train and test the random forest classifier. The performance of the models was assessed according to the area under the curve (AUC) in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Survival analysis was performed to determine the difference in progression-free survival (PFS) between two groups with the prediction label generated by the combined model.Results The radiomic model based on the combination of precontrast and postcontrast CT radiomic features and the clinical model produced an AUC of 0.92 ± 0.04 and 0.89 ± 0.03, respectively. By integrating radiomic and clinical features together, the combined model had the best performance with an AUC of 0.94 ± 0.02. The survival analysis showed that the two groups had significantly different PFS time (P < 0.0001).Conclusion The baseline multidimensional data including CT radiomic and multiple clinical features were valuable in predicting the efficacy of ICIs monotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC.
Evolution of breast cancer incidence in young women from 1990 to 2018: towards a change in screening strategy?
Authors: Yanis M. HASSAINE , Jacquet Emmanuelle , Seigneurin Arnaud 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The worldwide incidence of invasive breast cancer in women is increasing according to several studies. This increase in incidence seems to be higher in young women (< 40 years). However, the reasons for this trend are poorly understood. This article aims to provide the most recent estimates of this trend and assess whether there is indeed an increase in the incidence of breast cancer among young women to strengthen prevention campaigns.
Methods
We collected data from the Isère cancer registry of all invasive breast cancers from January 1990 to December 2018. The standardized incidence rate was calculated for four age groups (< 40 years, 40–49 years, 50–74 years, > 75 years) for this period. The 10 years relative survival was evaluated for each age group age for two periods (1990–1999 and 2000–2008). From 2011 to 2013, we analyzed the incidence and 5-year relative survival by tumor subtype (triple negative, luminal, HER2 amplified) for each age group.
Results
23703 cases were selected, including 1343 young women. The incidence of invasive breast cancer increased annually by 0,8% (95%CI: 0,7; 1) in all age groups combined from 1990 to 2018. The highest incidence increase is found among young women, by 2,1% annually (95%CI: 1,3; 2,8). Regarding tumor subtypes from 2011 to 2018, the incidence of triple negatives increases higher in young women (+ 1,4% by year, 95%CI: -8,2; 11) and those over 75 years (+ 4% by year, 95%CI: -5,1; 13,2) but the results are not statistically significant. 10-years relative survival in young women increased from 74,6% ((95% CI: 69,6 ; 78,9) to 78,3%(95% CI: 73,7 ; 82,1) between 1990–1999 and 2000–2008 respectively. 5-years relative survival is better in young women among triple-negative and HER2 amplified.
Conclusion
Our study confirms the current trend of increasing the incidence of breast cancer in young women, associated with improved survival. A better individualized risk-based screening strategy is needed for these patients. Additional studies will be needed to more accurately assess the risk of developing breast cancer and improve diagnostic performance.