bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in People With Spinal Cord Injury: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Sato-Klemm Maya , Williams Alison M. M. , Mortenson W. Ben , Lam Tania 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThere is emerging evidence that pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) may be useful for treating some urogenital conditions in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Future clinical investigations would benefit from understanding the extent to which people with SCI are aware of and practicing PFMT, and their attitude toward this therapy.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to PFMT among people with SCI.MethodsWe distributed an internet survey internationallyviaSCI related organizations for 2 months. We used descriptive statistics to summarize each survey item, and Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests to explore the differences in results between sexes and level of motor-function.ResultsComplete data from 153 respondents were analyzed. Sixty-two percent of respondents were female and 71% reported having complete paralysis. More than half of respondents reported being aware of PFMT (63%); more females than males reported knowledge of PFMT (p= 0.010). Females (p= 0.052) and people with partial paralysis (p= 0.008) reported a stronger belief that they would benefit from PFMT. Few people with SCI had practiced PFMT (20%), and of those who practiced, most of them had SCI resulting in partial paralysis (p= 0.023).ConclusionsWhile people with SCI may be aware of and have favorable attitudes toward PFMT, few had practiced PFMT and there were notable differences in attitudes toward PFMT depending on the sex and level of motor function of the respondents.
Long-Term Outcomes (2 Years) After Hyaluronic Acid Therapy for Peyronie’s Disease
Authors: Cocci Andrea , Di Mauro Marina , Kluth Luis , Capogrosso Paolo , Falcone Marco , Mondaini Nicola , Russo Giorgio Ivan 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHyaluronic acid (HA) has demonstrated clinical benefits for the treatment of Peyronie’s disease (PD); however, there are no reports that documented long-term outcomes. The aim of the current study is to illustrate the clinical outcomes after 2 years of follow-up in patients who received HA for PD.MethodsFrom January 2015 to December 2018, we enrolled 244 patients affected by PD in this multicenter non-randomized clinical study, as previously reported. Patients received intralesional HA (Group A) or verapamil (Group B). Follow-up was undertaken after 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years. International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), PC, and visual analogue scale (VAS) were collected.ResultsAmong the whole cohort, 125 patients were included in Group A and 119 in Group B. As PC, the median curvature was 25.0° at 3 months [interquartile range (IQR), 15.0–30.0] (p=0.45) and was maintained at 1 (p=0.87) and 2 years of follow-up (p=0.90) (Group A), while it was 30.0° (IQR, 20.0–35.0) (p=0.67) at 3 months and was stable at 1 (p=0.77) and 2 years of follow-up (p=0.80) (Group B). For VAS score, the median change in Group A was −4.0 (IQR, −4.0, −5.0, p&lt;0.01) after 3 months, −4.0 (IQR, −4.0, −5.0, p&lt;0.01) at 1 year, and −4.0 (IQR, −4.0, −5.0, p&lt;0.01) at 2 years of follow-up, while in Group B, it was −1.0 (IQR, −2.0, −0.5, p=0.25) after 3 months, −3.5 (IQR, −3.5, −2.0, p&lt;0.01) at 1 year, and −4.0 (IQR, −4.0, −5.0, p&lt;0.01) at 2 years of follow-up. Adjusted p-value for between-group comparisons was &lt;0.01 at 3 months and not significant at 1 (p=0.53) and 2 years (p=0.80).ConclusionsWe reported clinical efficacy of intralesional HA in patients with PD after 2 years of follow-up by slightly improving penile curvature (PC) and bother of the disease. These results should be considered during the counseling of the patients especially regarding the lack of worsening over time.
Greater Breast Support Is Associated With Reduced Oxygen Consumption and Greater Running Economy During a Treadmill Running Task
Authors: Fong Hailey B. , Powell Douglas W. 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionBreast pain is a major barrier to running for women. While breast support through the use of sports bras reduces breast-related discomfort, the effect of breast support on running performance is less understood. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of greater breast support on oxygen consumption and running economy during a treadmill running task.MethodsFifteen female recreational runners performed a 10-min treadmill running task at their preferred running speed in each of two sports bra conditions: low support and high support. Participants ran on an instrumented treadmill (1,200 Hz, Bertec) while indirect calorimetry was performed using a metabolic measurement system (100 Hz, TrueOne, ParvoMedics). Average VO2(absolute and relative) from the third to 10th minutes was used to evaluate oxygen consumption. Running economy was calculated as the distance traveled per liter of oxygen consumed. Paired samplest-tests were used to compare mean oxygen consumption and running economy values between breast support conditions. Correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between breast size and change in running performance.ResultsGreater breast support was associated with reductions in absolute (p&lt; 0.001) and relative oxygen consumption (p&lt; 0.001; LOW: 30.9 ± 7.1 ml/kg/min; HIGH: 28.7 ± 6.7 ml/kg/min). Greater breast support was associated with increases in running economy (p&lt; 0.001; LOW: 88.6 ± 29.1 m/L O2; HIGH: 95.2 ± 31.1 m/L O2). No changes in temporospatial characteristics of running were observed including cadence (p= 0.149), step length (p= 0.300) or ground contact time (p= 0.151). Strong positive linear correlations were observed between the change in running performance metrics and breast size (Oxygen Consumption:p&lt; 0.001,r= 0.770; Relative Oxygen Consumption:p&lt; 0.001,r= 0769; Running Economy:p&lt; 0.001,r= 0.807).ConclusionsGreater breast support was associated with reduced oxygen consumption and increased running economy. These findings demonstrate that greater breast support is not only associated with improved comfort but also improved running performance.
The Prognostic Significance of the Fibrinogen-to-Albumin Ratio in Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Qinheng , Liang Dong , Yu Yang , Lv Feng 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the potential prognostic value of fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).MethodsThis study used a retrospective design and enrolled 224 patients with TNBC treated between January 2009 and December 2014 at the Henan Provincial People’s Hospital. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to determine the optimal cut-off value for FAR. The associations between TNBC and clinicopathologic categorical variables by FAR were analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. The survival time and survival curve were determined by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and compared using the Log-rank method. The potential prognostic factors were determined using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models. Prognostic nomogram was established on the basis of the multivariate analyses. The calibration curves were used to assess the predictive performance.ResultsThe optimal cut-off value for FAR based on the overall survival (OS) was 0.066, as evaluated by the ROC. The 224 included patients were divided into low FAR group (&lt;0.066) and high FAR group (≥0.066). Univariate and multivariate models shown that FAR was an potential prognostic factor for disease-free survival (DFS) and OS in patients with TNBC. The median DFS and OS of the low FAR group were longer than those of the high FAR group (χ2 = 15.080, P = 0.0001; χ2 = 13.140, P = 0.0003), including for pre-menopausal patients, and those with pathological stages I + II, and lymph vessel invasion. A nomogram based on the potential prognostic factors was efficient in predicting 3-, and 5-year DFS and OS survival probabilities.ConclusionsThe FAR, which is tested routinely and is characterized by its simplicity, objectivity, and inexpensiveness, is a potential prognostic factor of TNBC, and is potentially applicable in clinical practice.
Nomogram for Predicting Occult Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Before Surgery
Authors: Huang Zhixin , Hong Zhinuan , Chen Ling , Kang Mingqiang 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionThe limitations of preoperative examination result in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) often going undetected preoperatively. This study aimed to develop a clinical tool for identifying patients at high risk for occult locally advanced ESCC; the tool can be supplemented with preoperative examination to improve the reliability of preoperative staging.Materials and MethodsData of 598 patients who underwent radical resection of ESCC from 2010 to 2017 were analyzed. Logistic multivariate analysis was used to develop a nomogram. The training cohort included patients who underwent surgery during an earlier period (n = 426), and the validation cohort included those who underwent surgery thereafter (n = 172), to confirm the model’s performance. Nomogram discrimination and calibration were evaluated using Harrell's concordance index (C-index) and calibration plots, respectively.ResultsLogistic multivariate analysis suggested that higher preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen levels (&gt;2.43, odds ratio [OR]: 2.093; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.233–2.554; P = 0.006), presence of preoperative symptoms (OR: 2.737; 95% CI, 1.194–6.277; P = 0.017), presence of lymph node enlargement (OR: 2.100; 95% CI, 1.243–3.550; P = 0.006), and advanced gross aspect (OR: 13.103; 95% CI, 7.689–23.330; P &lt; 0.001) were independent predictors of occult locally advanced ESCC. Based on these predictive factors, a nomogram was developed. The C-indices of the training and validation cohorts were 0.827 and 0.897, respectively, indicating that the model had a good predictive performance. To evaluate the accuracy of the model, we divided patients into high-risk and low-risk groups according to their nomogram scores, and a comparison was made with histopathological data.ConclusionThe nomogram achieved a good preoperative prediction of occult locally advanced ESCC; it can be used to make rational therapeutic choices.
Bambusicolous Fungi in Pleosporales: Introducing Four Novel Taxa and a New Habitat Record for Anastomitrabeculia didymospora
Authors: Phookamsak Rungtiwa , Jiang Hongbo , Suwannarach Nakarin , Lumyong Saisamorn , Xu Jianchu , Xu Sheng , Liao Chun-Fang , Chomnunti Putarak 
Published: June 2022

While conducting a survey of bambusicolous fungi in northern Thailand and southwestern China, several saprobic fungi were collected from dead branches, culms and twigs of bamboos, which were preliminarily identified as species belonging to Pleosporales (Dothideomycetes) based on a morphological approach. Multigene phylogenetic analyses based on ITS, LSU, SSU, rpb2, tef1-α and tub2 demonstrated four novel taxa belonging to the families Parabambusicolaceae, Pyrenochaetopsidaceae and Tetraploasphaeriaceae. Hence, Paramultiseptospora bambusae sp. et gen. nov., Pyrenochaetopsis yunnanensis sp. nov. and Tetraploa bambusae sp. nov. are introduced. In addition, Anastomitrabeculia didymospora found on bamboo twigs in terrestrial habitats is reported for the first time. Detailed morphological descriptions and updated phylogenetic trees of each family are provided herein.
Keadaan Umum Alat Tangkap Ikan di Kelurahan Makawidey Kecamatan Aertembaga Kota Bitung
Authors: Roat Juando Prasetya , Manu Lusia 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTFishery is an economic activity that utilizes resources in fisheries by using science and technology for human welfare by optimizing and maintaining the productivity of fishery resources and fisheries sustainability (Yuniardi, 2011). This field work practice aims to (1) Know the general condition of capture fisheries in Makawidey Village (2) Present written information about the general condition of capture fisheries in Makawidey Village (3) Improve student work abilities in collecting capture fisheries information (4) Train students to preparation of field work practice reports. The data collection method is carried out through a survey which is based on the descriptive method. Data collection can be obtained directly from fishermen with direct interviews and written information from the local government. Makawidey Village is located in the city of Bitung with a population of 1393 people, where most of the population works as fishermen, amounting to 192 (73.84). The area of Makawide Village is 110 Ha consisting of residential areas, plantations, protected forests and state land. The fishing gear used by purse seines, soma dampar, noru fishing rods with the dominant catch is selar "tude" (Selaroides leptolepis), fly fish "malalugis" (Decapterus), anchovy "white fish" (engraulidae).ABSTRAKPerikanan adalah suatu kegiataan perekonomian yang memanfaatkan sumber daya dalam perikanan dengan menggunakan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi untuk kesejahteraan manusia dengan mengoptimalisasikan dan memelihara produktivitas sumber daya perikanan dan kelestarian perikanan (Yuniardi, 2011). Praktek kerja lapangan ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengetahui keadaan umum perikanan tangkap di Kelurahan Makawidey (2) Menyajikan informasi tertulis mengenai keadaan umum perikanan tangkap di Kelurahan Makawidey (3) Meningkatkan kemampuan kerja mahasiswa di dalam mengumpulkan informasi perikanan tangkap (4) Melatih mahasiswa untuk pembuatan laporan praktek kerjaa lapangan. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei yang di dasarkan pada metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data di dapat langsung dari nelayan dengan wawancara langsung dan informasi tertulis dari pemerintahan setempat. Kelurahan Makawidey yang terletak di kota Bitung dengan jumlah penduduk 1393 jiwa dimana sebagian besar penduduk bermata pencarian sebagai nelayan yang berjumlah 192 (73,84). Luas wilayah Kelurahan Makawide 110 Ha terdiri atas pemukiman penduduk, perkebunan, hutan lindung dan tanah negara. Alat tangkap yang digunakan pukat cincin, soma dampar, pancing noru dengan hasil tangkapan dominan adalah ikan selar “tude” (Selaroides leptolepis), ikan layang “malalugis” (Decapterus), ikan teri ‘ikan putih” (engraulidae).
Pola sebaran bagan dan adaptasi nelayan dalam operasi penangkapan di Perairan Desa Tateli Weru Kabupaten Minahasa
Authors: Sitompul Lia Anggreni , Budiman Johnny , Labaro Ivor Lembondorong , Sitanggang Effendi Pengihutan , Silooy Fanny 
Published: June 2022

Salah satu kegiatan perikanan yang menonjol di perairan Desa Tateli Weru adalah perikanan bagan. Pengoperasian alat tangkap bagan, umumnya dimulai pada saat matahari mulai tenggelam. Penangkapan umumnya dilaksanakan di perairan dekat pantai, yaitu daerah teluk atau tempat yang aman terhadap arus, angin dan gelombang. Dampak dari penempatan bagan oleh nelayan tangkap di perairan Tateli Weru adalah perubahan volume hasil tangkapan setiap bulan dan perubahan jumlah waktu melaut yang sangat mempengaruhi kesejahteraan masyarakat nelayan. Untuk itu nelayan melakukan pola adaptasi dan strategi ekonomi untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pola sebaran bagan apung dan kondisi perubahan cuaca terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan di Desa Tateli Weru. Penelitian ini mengikuti metode deskriptif yang didasarkan pada studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan plotting survei posisi masing-masing bagan, menggunakan GPS dan perahu tipe pamo. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil nilai T adalah 1.23 yang berarti pola sebaran alat tangkap di desa Tateli Weru termasuk pola acak atau tidak merata (Random Pattern). Jarak terdekat antar bagan adalah 279.93 meter. Karena jarak antar bagan saling berdekatan, maka ikan yang sudah terkumpul di suatu bagan lain yang cahaya lampunya lebih terang. Hal ini berdampak pada jumlah hasil tangkapan yang tidak optimal. Pada akhirnya diperlukan aturan pola penyebaran bagan yang berjarak antar bagan serta strategi ekonomi untuk mata pencaharian nelayan yang lebih baik dalam rangka adaptasi menghadapi dampak perubahan cuaca.
Selective area growth of β-Ga2O3 by HCl-based halide vapor phase epitaxy
Authors: Oshima Takayoshi , Oshima Yuichi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We demonstrated selective area growth of β-Ga2O3 by HCl-based halide vapor phase epitaxy on SiO2-masked (001) and (010) β-Ga2O3 substrates. Perfect growth selectivity was achieved under the presence of HCl etching gas in addition to the growth precursors. In both substrate cases, (100) facet dominated the grown shapes owing to their smallest surface energy density. High-aspect-ratio structures having (100) sidewall facets were observed for the stripe windows along [010] and [001] directions on the (001) and (010) substrates, respectively. These structures may be applicable to trenches and fins used for β-Ga2O3-based power devices.
The Global Phenomenon of Islam Through the Lens of Late Antiquity
Authors: Rabbat Nasser 
Published: June 2022

The global reach of Islam is a poorly theorised historical phenomenon. This essay focuses on the evolving conceptualisation of Late Antiquity as a framework for the inclusion of Islam in a West-oriented, though universally applied, periodisation. My argument, indebted to Garth Fowden, is that Islam came out of late antiquity but brought in “Eastern” epistemologies to the mix in order to construct its own direction at its own pace.
Cover image caption: A segment of the remaining frieze on the facade of the Mshatta Palace near Amman, Jordan, dated to the 740s and ascribed to the Caliph Walid II (743-44). Photo Nasser Rabbat.
The perceived duration of expected events depends on how the expectation is formed
Authors: Saurels Blake W. , Arnold Derek H. , Anderson Natasha L. , Lipp Ottmar V. , Yarrow Kielan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRepeated events can seem shortened. It has been suggested that this results from an inverse relationship between predictability and perceived duration, with more predictable events seeming shorter. Some evidence disputes this generalisation, as there are cases where this relationship has been nullified, or even reversed. This study sought to combine different factors that encourage expectation into a single paradigm, to directly compare their effects. We find that when people are asked to declare a prediction (i.e., to predict which colour sequence will ensue), guess-confirming events can seem relatively protracted. This augmented a positive time-order error, with the first of two sequential presentations already seeming protracted. We did not observe a contraction of perceived duration for more probable or for repeated events. Overall, our results are inconsistent with a simple mapping between predictability and perceived duration. Whether the perceived duration of an expected event will seem relatively contracted or expanded seems to be contingent on the causal origin of expectation.
Reducing the tendency for chronometric counting in duration discrimination tasks
Authors: Riemer Martin , Vieweg Paula , van Rijn Hedderik , Wolbers Thomas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractChronometric counting is a prevalent issue in the study of human time perception as it reduces the construct validity of tasks and can conceal existing timing deficits. Several methods have been proposed to prevent counting strategies, but the factors promoting those strategies in specific tasks are largely uninvestigated. Here, we modified a classical two-interval duration discrimination task in two aspects that could affect the tendency to apply counting strategies. We removed the pause between the two intervals and changed the task instructions: Participants decided whether a short event occurred in the first or in the second half of a reference duration. In Experiment 1, both classical and modified task versions were performed under timing conditions, in which participants were asked not to count, and counting conditions, in which counting was explicitly instructed. The task modifications led to (i) a general decrease in judgment precision, (ii) a shift of the point of subjective equality, and (iii) a counting-related increase in reaction times, suggesting enhanced cognitive effort of counting during the modified task version. Precision in the two task versions was not differently affected by instructed counting. Experiment 2 demonstrates that—in the absence of any counting-related instructions—participants are less likely to engage in spontaneous counting in the modified task version. These results enhance our understanding of the two-interval duration discrimination task and demonstrate that the modifications tested here—although they do not significantly reduce the effectiveness of instructed counting—can diminish the spontaneous tendency to adopt counting strategies.
Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART): Structural and Dynamic Interactions between Asteroidal Elements of Binary Asteroid (65803) Didymos
Authors: Hirabayashi Masatoshi , Ferrari Fabio , Jutzi Martin , Nakano Ryota , Raducan Sabina D. , Sánchez Paul , Soldini Stefania , Zhang Yun , Barnouin Olivier S. , Richardson Derek C. , Michel Patrick , Dotto Elisabetta , Rossi Alessandro , Rivkin Andrew R. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission is the first full-scale planetary defense mission. The target is the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos, in which the smaller component Dimorphos (∼164 m equivalent diameter) orbits the larger component Didymos (∼780 m equivalent diameter). The DART spacecraft will impact Dimorphos, changing the system’s mutual orbit by an amount that correlates with DART's kinetic deflection capability. The spacecraft collision with Dimorphos creates an impact crater, which reshapes the body. Also, some particles ejected from the DART impact site on Dimorphos eventually reach Didymos. Because Didymos’s rapid spin period (2.26 hr) may be close to its stability limit for structural failure, the ejecta reaching Didymos may induce surface disturbance on Didymos. While large uncertainties exist, nonnegligible reshaping scenarios on Didymos and Dimorphos are possible if certain conditions are met. Our analysis shows that given a surface slope uncertainty on Dimorphos of 45°, with no other information about its local topography, and if the DART-like impactor is treated as spherical, the ejecta cone crosses Didymos with speeds ≳14 m s−1 in 13% of simulations. Additional work is necessary to determine the amount of mass delivered to Didymos from the DART impact and whether the amount of kinetic energy delivered is sufficient to overcome cohesive forces in those cases. If nonnegligible (but small) reshaping occurs for either of these asteroids, the resulting orbit perturbation and reshaping are measurable by Earth-based observations.