bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depolarization and repolarization dynamics after His‐bundle pacing: Comparison with right ventricular pacing and native ventricular conduction
Authors: Yanagisawa Satoshi , Inden Yasuya , Watanabe Ryo , Tsurumi Naoki , Suzuki Noriyuki , Nakagomi Toshifumi , Shimojo Masafumi , Okajima Takashi , Riku Shuro , Furui Koichi , Suga Kazumasa , Shibata Rei , Murohara Toyoaki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe current study aimed to evaluate changes in electrical depolarization and repolarization parameters after His‐bundle pacing (HBP) compared with right ventricular pacing (RVP) and its association with ventricular arrhythmia (VA).MethodsForty‐one patients (13 with HBP, 14 with RVP, and 14 controls [AAI mode]) were evaluated. After continuous pacing algorithm, QRS duration, QT interval, QTc, JT interval, T‐peak to T‐end (Tpe), and Tpe/QT ratio were measured on electrocardiography at baseline and 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively. We investigated VA occurrence and adverse events after implantation.ResultsAt 6 months, QRS duration was significantly shorter in the HBP (121.6 ± 15.6 ms) than in the RVP (150.1 ± 14.9 ms) group. The QT intervals were lower in the HBP (424.0 ± 40.9 ms) and control (405.9 ± 23.0 ms) groups than in the RVP (453.0 ± 40.2 ms) group. The Tpe and Tpe/QT ratios at 6 months differed significantly between the HBP and RVP groups (Tpe, 69.8 ± 19.7 ms vs 87.4 ± 11.9 ms and Tpe/QT, 0.16 ± 0.03 vs 0.19 ± 0.02, respectively). The Tpe and Tpe/QT ratios were similarly shortened in the HBP and control groups. VA occurred less frequently in the HBP (15%) and control (7.1%) groups than in the RVP (50%) group (p = 0.020). The non‐RVP group showed significantly lower rates of VA and major adverse events than the RVP group. Patients with VA demonstrated significantly longer QRS duration, QT interval, Tpe, and Tpe/QT at 6 months than those without VA.ConclusionHBP showed better depolarization and repolarization stability than RVP.
Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging‐guided laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer in a patient with situs inversus totalis: A case report with video
Authors: Doden Kenta , Watanabe Toru , Yoshimura Takahiro , Shibata Shiori , Yamagishi Yutaka , Kimura Karin , Iwaki Yoshitaka , Kawaguchi Masahiko , Kato Hideaki , Inaki Noriyuki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSitus inversus totalis is a rare congenital anomaly. Most surgeons have seldom performed laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy for situs inversus totalis. Inadequate knowledge regarding the anatomy of situs inversus totalis can result in increased intraoperative bleeding and prolonged operative time. A 74‐year‐old man was diagnosed with early gastric cancer with situs inversus totalis. We performed laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy with D1+ lymphadenectomy and Billroth‐I reconstruction by reversing the standard laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy setup. Mirror images of the operative video of the standardized laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy were created using video editing software. Lymphadenectomy was performed by indocyanine green fluorescence imaging of the lymphatic flow with operative time of 220 minutes and 100 mL intraoperative bleeding. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 10, without postoperative complications. Laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy with indocyanine green navigation is safe and effective in patients with situs inversus totalis and is comparable with standard laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy.
A dose‐related positive effect of inhaled simvastatin‐loaded PLGA nanoparticles on paraquat‐induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats
Authors: Shahabadi Nasrin , Moshiri Mohammad , Roohbakhsh Ali , Imenshahidi Mohsen , Hashemi Maryam , Amin Fatemeh , Yazdian‐Robati Rezvan , Salmasi Zahra , Etemad Leila 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivePulmonary fibrosis is an important complication of subacute paraquat (PQ) poisoning. Here, we reported a novel nanotherapeutic platform for PQ‐induced pulmonary fibrosis in animal inhalation models using simvastatin (SV)‐loaded into poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs).Methods and MaterialsEight inhalations of normal saline, PQ (24 mg/kg), PQ plus SV (20 mg/kg), PQ plus SV‐loaded PLGA NPs at doses of 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg or PQ plus PLGA NPs were given to rats. After the end of the treatment period, inflammatory factors and creatine phosphokinase as well as lung pathological changes and tracheal responsiveness were evaluated.ResultsInhalation of SV‐loaded PLGA NPs could significantly prevent the progression of PQ‐induced pulmonary fibrosis especially at a dose of 10 mg through decreasing the serum level of inflammatory factors as well as contractile responses (p < 0.001) compared to PQ group. Pathological findings also confirmed the results. However, inhalation of non‐formulated SV could not prevent tissue damage and fibrosis in comparision with SV‐loaded PLGA NPs.ConclusionTaken together, the present work provides us an idea about the pulmonary delivery of PLGA‐SV NPs using nebulizer for the treatment of PQ poisoning. However, the efficacy of this formulation in human beings and clinical use needs to be more investigated.
The development and validation of a decision aid to facilitate patient choice of surgery versus radiotherapy for high-risk basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Banks Jamie , Odili Joy , Zaidi Shane , Lalondrelle Susan , Singh Masha , Akhras Victoria , Jiyad Zainab 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is an increasingly common cancer. For high-risk BCCs, there are several treatment options, with similar efficacies. The current best practice in deciding upon a particular treatment is for a patient-centred approach. At present, there are few resources available for patients to assist their choice. This reduces patient autonomy and increases the burden on clinicians within clinic. Patient decision aids (PDAs) have been shown to increase patient autonomy and facilitate shared decision-making. Currently, there is no published PDA designed to facilitate the decision between surgical management or radiotherapy in high-risk BCCs. We developed a novel decision aid designed along the International Patient Decision Aid Standards to fill this clinical need, and evaluated its acceptance by both patients and clinicians. We describe the challenges faced at initial alpha and subsequent beta testing, and go on to validate our PDA with both the Decisional Conflict Scale and the nine-item Shared Decision Making Questionnaire (SDMQ9). We include an example of the PDA and encourage other units to modify the PDA for their own use.
The stepwise Indian–Eurasian collision and uplift of the Himalayan‐Tibetan plateau drove the diversification of high‐elevation Scytodes spiders
Authors: Luo Yufa , Li Shuqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Cenozoic Indian–Eurasian collision and uplift of the Himalayan‐Tibetan Plateau (HTP) are among the most important geological events in the world. They have affected the diversification of regional biota of many taxonomic groups on and around the HTP. However, the exact timing and model of the collision and uplift events and speciation on and around the HTP are still in debate. The Himalayas group of Scytodes spitting spiders (Araneae: Scytodidae) are distributed at high elevations of the HTP and northern Indochina. Here, we reconstruct a dated molecular phylogeny for pan‐Himalayan Scytodes spiders, including the Himalayas group, with full geographical sampling of the species from the HTP and Indochina. We test a hypothesis to explain that the rich montane biodiversity of the region is uplift‐driven diversification—that orogeny drives rapid in situ speciation of the resident Scytodes lineages. Our findings revealed that the separation of the Himalayas clade from the Myanmar clade took place during the middle Oligocene, reflecting the final collision of India with Eurasia. The deep divergences among three clades (the Himalayas, the Myanmar and the Indochina clades) occurred from the middle Eocene to the middle Oligocene, corresponding to two early uplift events of the HTP. The evolutionary split between the Himalayas + Myanmar and Indochina clades were simultaneous with the rapid lateral extrusion of Indochina by the initial Himalayan uplift around the Eocene. This study highlights the importance of the diversification of dispersal‐limited, high‐elevation invertebrates as independent lines of evidence to reflect key tectonic events in the Himalayan‐Indochina region, supporting the stepwise model for the Indian–Eurasian collision and uplift of HTP.
Patch testing with cobalt in children and adolescents: North American contact dermatitis group experience, 2001–2018
Authors: Silverberg Jonathan I. , Patel Nisha , Warshaw Erin M. , Maibach Howard I. , Belsito Donald V. , DeKoven Joel G. , Zug Kathryn A. , Taylor James S. , Sasseville Denis , DeLeo Vincent A. , Pratt Melanie D. , Reeder Margo J. , Atwater Amber R. , Fowler Joseph F. , Houle Marie‐Claude 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAllergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to cobalt is more common in children and adolescents than adults. However, detailed information on sites and sources of cobalt ACD is limited.ObjectivesTo assess trends in positive and clinically relevant patch test reactions to cobalt in children and associated patient characteristics, common sources and body sites affected.MethodsA retrospective analysis of children (<18 years) patch tested to cobalt by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group between 2001 and 2018.ResultsOf 1919 children patch tested, 228 (11.9%) and 127 (6.6%) had a positive/allergic or currently relevant patch test reaction to cobalt, respectively. The most common primary body sites affected were scattered generalized (30.0%), face, not otherwise specified (10.6%) and trunk (10.1%). Patients with allergic and currently relevant allergic patch test reactions were more likely to have a primary site of trunk (p = 0.0160 andp = 0.0008) and ears (p = 0.0005 andp < 0.0001). Affected body site(s) varied by cobalt source among patients with currently relevant reactions, especially for less common sources. The most commonly identified sources of cobalt included jewellery, belts and clothing.ConclusionsPositive patch test reactions to cobalt were common in children. The most common body site was scattered generalized and the sources of cobalt varied by body site.
Bronchoscopic removal of a leech from the trachea by cryotherapy
Authors: Li Dengyuan , Sun Danxiong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis report presents a 74‐year‐old man with haemoptysis, cough and pharyngeal discomfort. Bronchoscopy revealed a brown worm‐like moving foreign body attaching to the upper trachea approximately 2 cm below the glottis. This worm was identified as a leech, measured about 4 cm and was mobile. It was removed safely in one piece via cryotherapy by flexible bronchoscope. Intrabronchial cryotherapy by bronchoscope might be the best way of extraction of leeches.
Re‐surveys reveal biotic homogenization of Orthoptera assemblages as a consequence of environmental change
Authors: Ogan Sophie , Paulus Christian , Froehlich Christoph , Renker Carsten , Kolwelter Claude , Schendzielorz Marc , Danielczak Anja , Müller Katrin , Eulering Hannah , Hochkirch Axel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimBiodiversity loss is a major global challenge. While population trends of vertebrates are well documented, insect declines have not been sufficiently studied. We aim to identify changes in Orthoptera assemblages and the underlying drivers with a focus on land‐use and climate change.LocationCentral Europe.Time period2018 to 2020.MethodsWe resurveyed 199 study sites in which Orthoptera assemblages had been recorded between 1986 and 1999.ResultsOur results show a significant increase in species per site (α‐diversity), but simultaneously a homogenization of Orthoptera assemblages (decreasing Sorensen's β‐diversity). Highly mobile species significantly increased in site occupancy compared to species with low mobility. Some Orthoptera species showed significant altitudinal range shifts, including species with positive trends (i.e. expansion to higher altitudes) and negative trends (i.e. extinction at lower altitudes). Abandonment of extensively used grassland sites and the associated afforestation had negative effects on Orthoptera, underlining the importance of extensive grassland management. Protected areas had a high efficacy for conservation as trends in site occupancy were generally more positive in protected areas than in unprotected sites.Main conclusionsOur results provide insights into the patterns and drivers of orthopteran assemblage turnover, including major effects of agricultural land‐use change and climate change. These results are essential for implementing and adapting conservation action, as they show that traditional land‐use practices, protected areas and reduction of nitrogen input are important to preserve Orthoptera. The results also show that climate change is driving both range expansion and retraction of species. Therefore, insect monitoring is critical to understanding insect population trends and implementing the necessary actions.
The sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor ertugliflozin modifies the signature of cardiac substrate metabolism and reduces cardiac mTOR signalling, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis
Authors: Moellmann Julia , Mann Pascal A. , Kappel Ben A. , Kahles Florian , Klinkhammer Barbara M. , Boor Peter , Kramann Rafael , Ghesquiere Bart , Lebherz Corinna , Marx Nikolaus , Lehrke Michael 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate cardiac signalling pathways connecting substrate utilization with left ventricular remodelling in a murine pressure overload model.MethodsCardiac hypertrophy was induced by transverse aortic constriction surgery in 20‐week‐old C57BL/6J mice treated with or without the sodium‐glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor ertugliflozin (225 mg kg−1 chow diet) for 10 weeks.ResultsErtugliflozin improved left ventricular function and reduced myocardial fibrosis. This occurred simultaneously with a fasting‐like response characterized by improved glucose tolerance and increased ketone body concentrations. While cardiac insulin signalling was reduced in response to SGLT2 inhibition, AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) signalling was increased with induction of the fatty acid transporter cluster of differentiation 36 and phosphorylation of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC). Further, enzymes responsible for ketone body catabolism (β‐hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, succinyl‐CoA:3‐oxoacid‐CoA transferase and acetyl‐CoA acetyltransferase 1) were induced by SGLT2 inhibition. Ertugliflozin led to more cardiac abundance of fatty acids, tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites and ATP. Downstream mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, relevant for protein synthesis, cardiac hypertrophy and adverse cardiac remodelling, was reduced by SGLT2 inhibition, with alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) providing a potential mechanism for abundant reduced left ventricular apoptosis and fibrosis.ConclusionSGLT2 inhibition reduced left ventricular fibrosis in a murine model of cardiac hypertrophy. Mechanistically, this was associated with reduced cardiac insulin and increased AMPK signalling as a potential mechanism for less cardiac mTOR activation with alleviation of downstream ER stress, UPR and apoptosis.
Malar and maxillary fractures among pediatric patients and the risk factors for mortality
Authors: Stanbouly Dani , Stewart Sara J. , Harris Jack A. , Chuang Sung‐Kiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground/AimsNo studies have characterized the morbidity and mortality of maxillary & malar fractures on a national scale. The aim of this study was to examine the risk factors for mortality in pediatric patients who had sustained maxillary and malar fractures by using a national pediatric hospital inpatient care database.Materials and methodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID). The primary predictor variable was the cause of injury. The primary outcome variable was mortality rate. Additional predictor variables included age, gender, race, income, payer information, year and place of injury, number of facial fractures, concomitant facial fractures, other fractures of the body, and intracranial/internal organ injury. Univariate and multivariate regression models were performed to assess risk factors for mortality. Statistical significance was set to a p‐value <.05.ResultsA total of 5859 patients met the inclusion criteria. The most common age group was 13–17 years of age (n = 3816, 65.1%). Motor vehicle accidents were the most common mechanism of injury (n = 2172, 37.1%). The presence of cranial vault (OR = 2.81, p = .017), skull base (OR = 2.72, p < .001), and vertebral column fractures (OR = 2.13, p = .016), as well as sub‐arachnoid hemorrhage (OR = 4.75, p = .005), traumatic pneumothorax/hemothorax (OR = 2.16, p = .015), and heart/lung injury (OR = 3.37, p < .001) were each independently associated with increased odds of mortality.ConclusionsPatients in their late teens most commonly sustained malar and maxillary fractures, likely due to general trends in craniomaxillofacial development. The presence of other fractures located in close proximity to the mid‐face increased the risk of mortality among pediatric patients with malar and maxillary fractures. This may be explained by the anatomical approximation of the mid‐face to vital neurovascular structures of the head, which, when damaged, may prove fatal.
A novel mouse model of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma revealed the combined effect of mogamulizumab with psoralen and ultraviolet a therapy
Authors: Nakahashi Keiko , Nihira Kaito , Suzuki Miyoko , Ishii Toshihiko , Masuda Kazuhiro , Mori Kiyotoshi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMycosis fungoides (MF) is a subtype of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL). Topical or systemic treatment with psoralen, such as 8‐methoxypsoralen (8‐MOP), followed by ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation (PUVA therapy) is an effective phototherapy for early‐stage MF. However, the efficacy of PUVA therapy for advanced‐stage MF is not satisfactory, and the ideal combination partner for PUVA therapy has not yet been found. In this study, we developed a new mouse model of CTCL in which efficacy of PUVA was detected and further evaluated the efficacy of combination treatment of PUVA and mogamulizumab, an anti‐CCR4 monoclonal antibody. Cytotoxicity of PUVA therapy against HH cells, a CTCL cell line, was observed in vitro. The cytotoxicity was dependent on both 8‐MOP and UVA. Using HH cells, we developed a mouse model in which HH cells were subcutaneously inoculated in the ear. In this model, PUVA therapy suppressed tumour growth with statistical significance, while 8‐MOP or UVA alone did not. Combination therapy of PUVA and mogamulizumab showed greater antitumor activity than either monotherapy with statistical significance. In the histological analysis of the tumour tissue, PUVA accelerated tumour necrosis and then induced the infiltration inflammatory cells in the necrotic area, suggesting that these cells served as effector cells for mogamulizumab. This combination therapy is expected to be a beneficial option for CTCL therapy.
Impaired calcium signalling and neuropsychiatric disorders in Darier disease: An exploratory review
Authors: Ambur Austin , Zaidi Asma , Dunn Charles , Nathoo Rajiv 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDarier (Darier‐White) disease (DD) is an autosomal dominant skin disorder caused by pathogenic mutations in the ATP2A2 gene which encodes a calcium ATPase in the sarco‐endoplasmic reticulum (SERCA2). Defects in the SERCA2 protein lead to an impairment of cellular calcium homeostasis, which in turn, triggers cell death pathways. There is a high prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders in patients affected by this condition, namely intellectual disability, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and suicidality. Though these associations have been well‐documented over the years, little has been discussed or investigated regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms. The goal of this article is to review the literature related to the most commonly associated neuropsychiatric disorders found in patients with DD, highlight the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying each condition, and examine potential interventions that may be of interest for future development. A literature search was performed using PubMed to access and review relevant articles published in the last 40 years. Keywords searched included Darier disease neuropsychiatric, Darier disease pathophysiology, SERCA2 central nervous system, SERCA 2 skin, ATP2A2 central nervous system, ATP2A2 skin, sphingosine‐1‐phosphate signalling skin, sphingosine‐1‐phosphate signalling central nervous system, P2X7 receptor skin, and P2X7 receptor central nervous system. Our search resulted in 2692 articles, of which 61 articles were ultimately included in this review.
The N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor antagonist ketamin exerts analgesic effects via modulation of the nitric oxide pathway
Authors: Mahmoudzade Shamim , Goudarzi Sepideh , Mohammad Jafari Razieh , Shafaroodi Hamed , Dehpour Ahmad Reza , Sanatkar Mehdi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractKetamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, has been approved to have analgesic effects. It is known that nitric oxide pathway is involved in antinociception but with dual effects. In this study, we investigated the role of nitric oxide in ketamine‐induced analgesia. Ketamine was administered to mice acute and chronically with/without nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors. Experimental models of nociception pain, including hot plate, tail flick, and formalin tests, were performed. Western blot was used to measure levels of nitric oxide synthase enzymes in the brain. Ketamine doses of 0.03 and 0.3 mg/kg had significant analgesic effects (p < 0.01). High‐dose chronic ketamine could induce analgesia in later phases of the treatment in tail flick test (p < 0.01). Pretreatment with various NOS inhibitors decreased the analgesic effect. In western blot analysis, the expression of NOS proteins was decreased. Low‐dose ketamine is effective in analgesia induction. The expression of nNOS and iNOS proteins is dependent on the inhibition of the NMDA/NO pathway.
Using Alternate Pumping and Cooperative Game Theory to Reduce Sea Water Intrusion
Authors: Nagkoulis Nikolaos , Katsifarakis Konstantinos L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this article, alternate pumping is studied as a means used to reduce the salinity concentration in coastal aquifers, pumped using a system of wells. This approach has been applied to a hypothetical confined coastal aquifer. Flow has been modeled, using SEAWAT. Two strategies are proposed based on cooperative game theory, to promote alternate pumping. In both strategies an external player will compensate the users that will pump during an unpopular pumping period. In the first strategy it is supposed that this external player aims at protecting a critical well, e.g. a municipal well, reducing its maximum salinity concentration by pumping alternately. In the second strategy proposed, the target is to reduce the overall salinity of the water pumped by the wells. In applying the cooperative game theory, the Shapley value is used to distribute the benefits of cooperation between the players (well users), according to their marginal contribution. Overall, well users can reduce sea water intrusion by cooperatively changing their pumping time schedules. The game theoretical model developed is a useful tool to promote cooperation toward this direction. The methods applied in the hypothetical aquifer, can be tested in actual aquifers to reduce sea water intrusion.