bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin predicted to contrast‐associated acute kidney injury after planned percutaneous coronary intervention in elderly patients
Authors: Nguyen Duy Toan , Dao Bui Quy Quyen , Ho Viet Le Diem , Le Ha Khoa , Nguyen Huu Dung , Nguyen Trung Kien , Tran Van Duy , Nguyen Oanh Oanh , Luong Cong Thuc , Tran Duc Hung , Le Viet Thang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo determine the proportion of contrast‐associated acute kidney injury (CA‐AKI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and the predictive value of urine neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (uNGAL) for CA‐AKI in elderly patients with chronic coronary artery disease.MethodsA total of 509 patients who had planned percutaneous coronary intervention (mean age was 63.58 ± 11.63 years and 63.3% of males) were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 153; elderly patients) with ≥70 years old and group 2 (n = 356) with <70 years old. Urine NGAL was measured by the ELISA method. Clinical and laboratory data were collected on the day before intervention. CA‐AKI was defined based on Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria.ResultsThe ratio of CA‐AKI in group 1 was 23.5% which was higher than that of group 2 (8.7%) with a p‐value < 0.001. Urine NGAL level in group 1 was significantly higher than that of group 2 [31.3 (19.16–55.13) ng/ml vs. 19.86 (13.21–29.04) ng/ml, p < 0.001]. At a cut‐off value of 44.43 ng/ml, uNGAL had a predictive value for CA‐AKI in all patients (AUC = 0.977, p < 0.001). Especially at a cut‐off value of 44.14 ng/ml, uNGAL had a predictive value for CA‐AKI in elderly patients (AUC = 0.979, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe rate of CA‐AKI after PCI in elderly patients was 23.5%. Urine NGAL before PCI had a good predictive value for CA‐AKI in elderly patients with chronic coronary artery disease.
Clinical geneticists' views on and experiences with unsolicited findings in next‐generation sequencing: “A great technology creating new dilemmas”
Authors: van der Schoot Vyne , Damsté Carlijn , Yntema Helger G. , Brunner Han G. , Oerlemans Anke J. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnsolicited findings (UFs) from diagnostic genetic testing are a subject of debate. The emerging consensus is that some UFs from genetic testing should be disclosed, but recommendations on UF disclosure generally leave room for variation in practice. This study aimed to explore clinical geneticists' views on and experiences with UFs during pretest counseling and UF disclosure. We interviewed 20 certified clinical genetics medical specialists and clinical genetics residents, working in 7 Dutch genetic centers. Participants indicated that discussing the probability of detecting UFs is an integral part of pretest counseling and informed consent. However, they expressed doubts about the degree to which this discussion should occur and about what information they should share with patients. They argued that the contents of their counseling should depend on the individual patient's capacity to understand information. These results endorse the importance of tailored pretest counseling alongside informed consent for optimal genetic consultations. While “medical actionability” is broadly accepted as an important criterion for the disclosure of UFs, participants experienced substantial uncertainty regarding this concept. This study underscores the need for further demarcation of what exactly constitutes medical actionability. Installation of an expert panel to help healthcare professionals decide what variants to disclose will support them when facing the dilemmas presented by UFs.
Extended postoperative thromboprophylaxis after pancreatic resection for pancreatic cancer is associated with decreased risk of venous thromboembolism in the minimally invasive approach
Authors: Sood Divya , Kuchta Kristine , Paterakos Pierce , Schwarz Jason L. , Rojas Aram , Choi Sung H. , Vining Charles C. , Talamonti Mark S. , Hogg Melissa E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with increased venous thromboembolism (VTE). We sought to compare rates of bleeding complications and VTE in patients receiving extended postoperative thromboprophylaxis (EPT) to those who did not, and identify risk factors for VTE after pancreatectomy for PDAC.MethodsThis is a retrospective review of pancreatectomies for PDAC. EPT was defined as 28 days of low molecular weight heparin. Multivariable analysis (MVA) was performed to identify independent risk factors of VTE.ResultsOf 269 patients included, 142 (52.8%) received EPT. Of those who received EPT, 7 (4.9%) suffered bleeding complications, compared to 6 (4.7%) of those who did not (p = 0.938). There was no significant difference in VTE rate at 90 days (2.8% vs. 2.4%, p = 0.728) or at 1 year (6.3% vs. 7.9%, p = 0.624). On MVA, risk factors for VTE included worse performance status, lower preoperative hematocrit, R1/R2 resection, and minimally invasive (MIS) approach. Among those who received EPT, there was no difference in VTE rate between MIS and open approach.ConclusionsEPT was not associated with a difference in VTE risk or bleeding complications. MIS approach was associated with a higher risk of VTE; however, this was significantly lower among those who received EPT.
A Deliberate Practice‐Based Ultrasound Training Program for Fetal Palate Screening Using a Sequential Sector Scan Through the Oral Fissure
Authors: Wan Ying , Zhou Yi , Li Liang , Gao Chuanfen , Fan Min , Qin Jing , She Jingwen , Zhang Chaoxue 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo introduce an ultrasound training program for fetal palate screening by using a sequential sector scan through the oral fissure to train less experienced doctors and to investigate its effectiveness.MethodsTwenty doctors and several women at approximately 20–28 weeks of gestation with singleton pregnancies who provided informed consent were enrolled. The training program consisted of theory and practice training, several tests, and two surveys. Trainees were tested before training and immediately after training; for the latter, each item with a score that was less than 60% of the full score was again used for training with a reconstructed plan. Finally, a post‐training test was completed.ResultsThe median theory scores, median practice scores, median language competence scores, and median self‐assessment scores all increased significantly from the pre‐training to post‐training tests (P < .01). The median completion time for fetal palate scans decreased significantly from the pre‐training to post‐training tests (P < .01). The median questionnaire scores were 5.00 for pragmatism, 4.00 for content, 4.00 for scientific nature, and 5.00 for effectiveness.ConclusionsThe training program for fetal palate screening can effectively standardize and improve doctors' scans for fetal palates. In addition, the program feasibly allows for the incorporation of the scan sequence into fetal palate screening.
The regulation and functions of ACSL3 and ACSL4 in the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liu Jorlin , Waugh Mark G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous disease that often features dysregulated tumour lipid metabolism. ACSL3 and ACSL4 are two homologous long chain acyl‐coenzyme A synthetases (ACSL) that preferentially catalyse the activation of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively. Both enzymes are frequently overexpressed in HCC, and multiple reports have implicated ACSL4 in tumour progression. Increased expression of these isozymes in tumour cells can upregulate lipid metabolism through de novo lipogenesis, fatty acid β‐oxidation and acyl chain remodelling of membrane phospholipids. We describe the subcellular functions of ACSL3 and ACSL4 in hepatocytes, and the transcriptional, epigenetic and post‐translational mechanisms underpinning their regulation. We discuss the evidence that these enzymes can modulate hepatocarcinogenic signalling by oncoproteins, cell death by apoptosis or ferroptosis, and protein degradation through the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway. In addition, we survey how knowledge in this area may inform new approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of HCC and deepen our understanding of how lipid metabolic reprogramming can promote hepatic tumour growth.
Effect of wild boar disturbances on the soil seed bank in alpine plant communities
Authors: Yusefi Hamid , Erfanzadeh Reza , Esmailzadeh Omid 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSoil seed bank (SSB) determines essential ecological processes by maintaining species diversity and recovering damaged plant communities, and supports conservation of lost plant species. Nevertheless, the variation of SSBs, their densities, and composition changes when accompanied by wild boar disturbances are scarcely studied in sensitive habitats such as alpine grasslands. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of wild boar rooting on SSB characteristics. Five plant communities were selected and four disturbed patches in each community were recognized in alpine grassland, Albors Mountain Chain, Iran. SSB density, richness, diversity, evenness and similarity with aboveground vegetation were compared between disturbed and adjacent undisturbed patches. In total 80 soil cores in each community, 40 disturbed and 40 undisturbed were collected and transported to the greenhouse. The seedling emergence method was used to identify and quantify seeds from the germinable seed bank. The results showed that, totally, the SSB within disturbed patches was smaller than in undisturbed patches. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) rooting decreased SSB density, richness and diversity in all plant communities. We found that rooting homogenized SSBs in disturbed patches as indicated by the Pielou evenness index. The results suggested a deep alteration of the structure of seed banks by wild boar rooting, which in turn, vegetation recovery did not rely on SSBs after disturbances. In order to reduce wild boar rooting damage, a large reduction in wild boar abundance is suggested.
Species‐specific soil legacy effects on ecosystem multifunctionality via regulating plant overyielding
Authors: Yan Xiaohong , Niu Jianming , Li Yuanheng , Sun Shixian , Li Xiliang , Jin Ke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSoil legacy effects and biodiversity play important roles in driving plant community dynamics and functioning. However, experimental evidence of the effects of soil legacy on ecosystem multifunctionality (maintaining multiple functions simultaneously) is lacking. We first conducted a mesocosm experiment in which three common species (grass, legume, and forb) were planted in monocultures and mixed cultures to produce soil legacies. Subsequently, soils were sampled to test the soil legacy effects on ecosystem multifunctionality in a greenhouse experiment. Our findings showed that plant‐mediated soil legacy effects were species‐specific and strongly influenced the productivity of subsequent plants or combinations. Specifically, plant‐specific soil legacies had considerable impacts on the magnitude and direction of diversity‐dependent overyielding effects. Such effects can compensate for non‐legume soil legacy effects and maintain overall productivity. Functional diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality were largely affected by soil legacy effects and were significantly positively correlated with functional group richness. Based on our results, plant‐specific soil legacy is an important factor limiting the development of plant community and ecosystem multifunctionality in the early stage of community construction. The rational use of the synergistic effects of plant‐specific soil legacy and functional group richness may be a key to ensure the successful establishment of vegetation and grassland management.
Study of Nonisothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Unstretched and Uniaxially Stretched Electroactive PVDF Composite Films
Authors: Mishra Suvrajyoti , Mohanty Smita , Nayak Sanjay Kumar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIncorporation of graphene‐based fillers such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) followed by uniaxial stretching can significantly improve their electroactive phase content as well as the dielectric properties. In this study, the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of unstretched and uniaxially stretched PVDF‐GO and PVDF‐rGO composite films are investigated through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at different cooling rates. Avrami‐modified Jeziorney's model is used to understand their crystallization behavior which leads to the nucleation of electroactive crystalline phases in PVDF. Avrami's exponent “n” values in the range of 2–4 are obtained for nonisothermal crystallization of PVDF in different samples which reveal both two‐ and three‐dimensional growth of spherulites in the crystalline region. Kissinger's method is used to calculate the activation energy of crystallization and the results reveal accelerated crystallization of PVDF after addition of GO and rGO fillers followed by uniaxial stretching.
Anosov diffeomorphisms on infra‐nilmanifolds associated to graphs
Authors: Deré Jonas , Mainkar Meera 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnosov diffeomorphisms on closed Riemannian manifolds are a type of dynamical systems exhibiting uniform hyperbolic behavior. Therefore, their properties are intensively studied, including which spaces allow such a diffeomorphism. It is conjectured that any closed manifold admitting an Anosov diffeomorphism is homeomorphic to an infra‐nilmanifold, that is, a compact quotient of a 1‐connected nilpotent Lie group by a discrete group of isometries. This conjecture motivates the problem of describing which infra‐nilmanifolds admit an Anosov diffeomorphism. So far, most research was focused on the restricted class of nilmanifolds, which are quotients of 1‐connected nilpotent Lie groups by uniform lattices. For example, Dani and Mainkar studied this question for the nilmanifolds associated to graphs, which form the natural generalization of nilmanifolds modeled on free nilpotent Lie groups. This paper further generalizes their work to the full class of infra‐nilmanifolds associated to graphs, leading to a necessary and sufficient condition depending only on the induced action of the holonomy group on the defining graph. As an application, we construct families of infra‐nilmanifolds with cyclic holonomy groups admitting an Anosov diffeomorphism, starting from faithful actions of the holonomy group on simple graphs.
Radiofrequency coil design for improving human liver fat quantification in a portable single‐side magnetic resonance system
Authors: Yang Shiwei , Chen Xiao , Chen Suen , Chen Hao , Zhao Yue , Wu Ziyue , Luo Hai , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEarlier diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is important to prevent progression of the disease. Recently, a low‐cost portable magnetic resonance (MR) system was developed as a point‐of‐care screening tool for in vivo liver fat quantification. However, subcutaneous fat may confound the liver fat quantification, particularly in the NAFLD population. In this work, we propose a novel radiofrequency (RF) coil design composed of a set of “saturation” coils sandwiching a main coil to improve human liver fat quantification. By comparison with conventional MR imaging, we demonstrate the capability and effectiveness of the novel RF coil design in phantom experiments as well as in vivo liver scans. In the phantom experiment, the saturation coil reduced the error in the measured proton density fat fraction (PDFF) results from 28.9% to 4.0%, and in the in vivo experiment, it reduced the discrepancy in the PDFF results from 13.2% to 4.0%. The novel coil design, together with the adapted Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill‐based sequence, improves the practicability and robustness of the portable single‐side MR system.
Metal–organic framework‐derived high‐performance polypyrrole/Ni‐CAT/PI fiber paper‐based electromagnetic shielding composites for high‐frequency electromagnetic wave absorption
Authors: Zhang Ruqiang , Lv Wenzhi , Zhu Ruifeng , Zhang Dan , Wang Shihua , Long Zhu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLight‐weight, portability and miniaturization are important characteristics for the next generation of high‐performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding equipment. To meet the current demand for high‐performance EMI shielding materials, this paper proposes a simple and reliable method for preparing multilayer paper‐based composites. Paper‐based composites exhibit light weight, flexibility, easy processing and high temperature resistance. A conductive metal–organic skeleton (Ni‐CAT) layer and polypyrrole (PPy) layer were deposited on a polyimide (PI) fiber surface with an in situ synthesis and gas aggregation method to prepare paper‐based electromagnetic shielding composites with good properties. The results showed that the electromagnetic shielding effect (SE) of the paper‐based composites reached 41.0 dB. After the paper‐based composites underwent multiple ultrasonic washing and bending tests, their electrical conductivity retention rate was as high as 90%. Furthermore, the introduction of PPy/Ni‐CAT enhanced the bonding strength of the PI fibers, which caused the tensile strength of the paper‐based composites to reach 22.3 MPa. Due to the good thermal stability of the composites, they can withstand an open flame and protect the equipment during a fire. Thus, these paper‐based EMI shielding composites hold great promise for flexible electromagnetic shielding materials, protection of smart wearable devices and other fields.
Selective synthesis of helical polymers
Authors: Wang Qian , Liu Yu‐Qi , Gao Run‐Tan , Wu Zong‐Quan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMany researches have been done on synthetic helical polymers because of their wide applications such as chiral recognition, enantiomeric separation, asymmetric catalysis, circularly polarized luminescence, liquid crystallization and so on. Synthetic helical polymers can be generally divided into static helical polymers and dynamic helical polymers on the basis of whether the helix inversion barriers are high or low. And this mini review mainly describes the three common selectively synthetic methods of static helical polymers such as polymerization with chiral monomers, helix‐sense‐selective polymerization and enantiomer‐selective polymerization. We hope that this mini review can provide more ideas on synthesis of chiral materials and encourage further development on novel synthetic methods of helical polymers.
Pulmonary hypertension complicating unilateral absence of pulmonary artery and coronary‐pulmonary artery fistula: Report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: Lin Chen‐Chieh , Wu Cho‐Kai , Kuo Ping‐Hung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis is a case report of a 53‐year‐old woman who presented to our hospital in 2011 with an intermittent cough and dyspnea for 5 years. The chest X‐ray showed a prominent left hilum and a smaller right lung. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest confirmed the absence of the right pulmonary artery (PA) and the right cardiac catheterization showed a mean PA pressure of 34 mmHg. Concomitant asthma and unilateral absence of pulmonary artery (UAPA) were diagnosed. In the following years, her functional class remained stable under medications including low‐dose sildenafil and spironolactone. In 2020, she developed mild intermittent chest tightness and the coronary angiography showed a fistula between the proximal left circumflex coronary artery and right pulmonary circulation. She declined further intervention for her coronary‐pulmonary artery fistula (CPAF) and her symptoms improved spontaneously. To our knowledge, only 16 similar cases with combined UAPA and CPAF in adults have been reported in the literature, of which, pulmonary hypertension was documented in nine patients (56.3%).
Optimal reduced‐order interval observer design for uncertain continuous‐time linear systems
Authors: Liu Longwen , Xie Wei , Zhang Langwen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the reduced‐order interval observer (R‐IO) design technique for continuous‐time linear systems with unknown external disturbances and measurement noises. First, we propose a coupled R‐IO structure with more design degrees of freedom, and it can be directly applied not only to solve the difficulty of the error system cooperativity construction but to relax the constraint on the sensor measurement noises. Second, the R‐IO existence condition is derived as a set of matrix equations (MEs), and a complete solution, explicitly showing the available design parameters, to such an R‐IO is further obtained by solving the MEs. Third, using the solution, an integrated optimization indicator of the R‐IO performance is built as the valid selection mechanism of these parameters. Finally, the efficiency of the obtained results is illustrated through a numerical example and a practical example.
High‐Yield Separation of Extracellular Vesicles Using Programmable Zwitterionic Coacervates
Authors: Paganini Carolina , Capasso Palmiero Umberto , Picciotto Sabrina , Molinelli Alessandro , Porello Ilaria , Adamo Giorgia , Manno Mauro , Bongiovanni Antonella , Arosio Paolo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProgrammable coacervates based on zwitterionic polymers are designed as dynamic materials for ion exchange bioseparation. These coacervates are proposed as promising materials for the purification of soft nanoparticles such as liposomes and extracellular vesicles (EVs). It is shown that the stimulus‐responsiveness of the coacervates and the recruitment of desired molecules can be independently programmed by polymer design. Moreover, the polymeric coacervates can recruit and release intact liposomes, human EVs, and nanoalgosomes in high yields and separate vesicles from different types of impurities, including proteins and nucleic acids. This approach combines the speed and simplicity of precipitation methods and the programmability of chromatography with the gentleness of aqueous two‐phase separation, thereby guaranteeing product stability. This material represents a promising alternative for providing a low‐shear, gentle, and selective purification method for EVs.
Metal Halides for High‐Capacity Energy Storage
Authors: Ma Hui , Wang Xusheng , Wang Cong , Zhang Huanrong , Ma Xinlei , Deng Wenjun , Chen Ruoqi , Cao Tianqi , Chai Yuqiao , He Yonglin , Ji Wei , Li Rui , Chen Jitao , Ji Junhui , Rao Wei , Xue Mianqi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHigh‐capacity electrochemical energy storage systems are more urgently needed than ever before with the rapid development of electric vehicles and the smart grid. The most efficient way to increase capacity is to develop electrode materials with low molecular weights. The low‐cost metal halides are theoretically ideal cathode materials due to their advantages of high capacity and redox potential. However, their cubic structure and large energy barrier for deionization impede their rechargeability. Here, the reversibility of potassium halides, lithium halides, sodium halides, and zinc halides is achieved through decreasing their dimensionality by the strong π–cation interactions between metal cations and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Especially, the energy densities of KI‐, KBr‐, and KCl‐based materials are 722.2, 635.0, and 739.4 Wh kg−1, respectively, which are higher than those of other cathode materials for potassium‐ion batteries. In addition, the full‐cell with 2D KI/rGO as cathode and graphite as anode demonstrates a lifespan of over 150 cycles with a considerable capacity retention of 57.5%. The metal halides‐based electrode materials possess promising application prospects and are worthy of more in‐depth researches.