bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parenting a child with a kidney transplant—A study of everyday life experiences
Authors: Agerskov Hanne , Thiesson Helle C. , Pedersen Birthe D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundKidney transplantation in children shows excellent long‐term outcomes. However, parents feel responsible for ensuring that their child adheres to complex medical interventions. The dual role – as both parent and medical caregiver – gives rise to fatigue, stress, and emotional pain. Parental and family functioning are critically important to a child's disease course, development and well‐being.ObjectiveTo explore the experiences and perspectives of mothers and fathers of children with a kidney transplant.DesignAn explorative study using a qualitative method.ParticipantsTwelve parents (seven mothers and five fathers) of seven children with a kidney transplant.ApproachA qualitative exploratory study taking a phenomenological‐hermeneutic approach.MethodSemi‐structured individual interviews were conducted. The data were analysed using Ricoeur's theory of narrative and interpretation on three levels: naïve reading, structural analysis, and critical interpretation and discussion.FindingsFour themes were generated: Kidney transplantation as a turning point, the importance of a close collaboration with health care professionals, being the child's voice, and managing the dual role as a parent, and medical caregiver in everyday life.ConclusionChild kidney transplantation led to a transformation in the child, on the physical, mental, and social levels; however, the child was still in need of special attention and support. Problems with the kidney graft functioning resulted in frustration and disappointment in parents. Teamwork between a child's parents became evident, in coping with the dual role as a parent and medical caregiver. Parents aimed to maintain a clear structure related to medication and disease‐related treatment. A close and trustful relationship and collaboration with health care professionals were significant and included listening to the voice of the child.
DAVID NOVAK, NATURAL LAW, AND MEDIEVAL JEWISH PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Green Alexander 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTAmong contemporary philosophers and theologians of Judaism, David Novak is renowned for his groundbreaking work on Jewish ethics, conceptualizing a natural law ethic derived from the sources of the Jewish tradition. One area that has been underexplored in Novak’s writings is his interpretation of medieval Jewish philosophy. This article demonstrates that Novak’s understanding of medieval Jewish philosophy is based on the conviction that medieval thought was incorrect on theoretical reason (physics and metaphysics), but correct on practical reason (ethics and law). He argues that one can discern two different and competing models of natural law ethics in the medieval period: Nachmanides’ minimalist model and Maimonides’ metaphysical model. He suggests that there are dangers to imposing Maimonides’ model through war on people who do not share the same metaphysical views. This is partly because ethics imposed with too much military force can easily be corrupted, even if the motivation is initially pure. Thus, while Novak thinks that Maimonides’ metaphysical natural law ethic is often deeper, as necessary for a state and especially with regard to sexual ethics, Nachmanides’ more limited model is often more prudent regarding the limits of applying it universally.
ARE MORAL VALUES OVERRIDING? HOW BEAUTY CHALLENGES ROBERT ADAMS’S THEORY OF VALUE
Authors: Jakobsen Martin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article addresses the following meta‐ethical question: do moral values have a special position among other values? According to Robert Adams, moral values do have a special position and are of overriding importance. I argue that the "overridingness" thesis is inconsistent with Adams’s value theory that only God has value in himself and all other things are valuable to the extent that they resemble God. I consider some possible ways of integrating the overridingness thesis that are latent in Adams’s work and argue that none succeeds. My main contribution is to propose a solution to the inconsistency in Adams’s theory. I argue that a theological account of beauty gives us reason to reject the overridingness thesis. Morality overrides some other concerns, but not all other concerns.
TOWARD AN ECOCENTRIC CHRISTIAN ECOLOGY
Authors: Waters James W. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTAnthropocentrism is an old and persisting problem for Christian ecology. This article argues that one way Christian ecological ethics can begin moving beyond anthropocentrism is by looking outside itself to other traditions that practice and observe a more ecocentric ethic. Specifically, it suggests an engagement with indigenous traditions of North America. Holding up the ecocentric tactics and discursive strategies employed by the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe (SRST) during the 2016 Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL) protests the article shows how American Indian ecologies can help move Christians toward a more ecocentric worldview. It then examines the ways certain Christian groups approached their allyship with the SRST during the DAPL protests and asks which of these groups approached this case of interreligious, ecological resistance most effectively as allies. That is, it asks which Christian groups partnered with the SRST in ways that actually aided the protests and, additionally, fostered the possibility of learning from the SRST’s ecocentric, indigenous religious ecology. The aim is to provide an example of how collaborative, respectful, anticolonial dialogue and allyship can happen between Christian and indigenous eco‐activists in a way that is mutually beneficial.
Emergence and evolutions: Introducing sign language sociolinguistics
Authors: Kusters Annelies , Lucas Ceil 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe sociolinguistics of sign languages parallels as well as complements the sociolinguistics of spoken languages. All of the key areas of sociolinguistics, such as multilingualism, language contact, variation, and language attitudes—are of immediate relevance to sign languages. At the same time, sign language researchers using a range of data sources and methods (e.g., sign language corpora, linguistic elicitation, and linguistic ethnography) have showed that the unique natures and features of sign languages allow us to look at all these areas from a different vantage point. First, deficit perspectives on deafness serve to sharply distinguish the reality of sign languages from that of spoken languages. The linguistic status of sign languages has been long contested, and certain forms of signing are still labeled “nonlanguage.” The delineation and differentiation of sign languages, and of sign languages from other signing practices (e.g., gesturing, home sign) has therefore been a key issue. Second, sign languages are used by both deaf and hearing people, in contexts where spoken/written languages, and increasingly also other sign languages are in use, leading to complex multimodal forms of sign–spoken, sign–written, and sign–sign language contact, and to hierarchical constellations of language attitudes and ideologies in relation to signed and spoken languages and variants.
Nurses' knowledge of heart failure self‐care education: A systematic review
Authors: Chi Suh Yenn , Soh Kim Lam , Raman Rosna Abdul , Ong Swee Leong , Soh Kim Geok 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of heart failure is increasing, associated with high mortality and rehospitalization rate. The complexity and progressive clinical syndromes of heart failure have massively affected patients' quality of life. Heart failure self‐care education provided by nurses seems to improve patients' knowledge and the clinical outcomes despite being in critical care or community settings. Nurses often gained heart failure self‐care knowledge from formal and informal educational resources. However, the extent of knowledge acquired by nurses needs to be investigated before patient education could be successfully carried out.AimsThis systematic review identified the nurses' knowledge of heart failure self‐care education according to the topics and factors that would be substantial to increase their knowledge.MethodsLiterature resources from Medline, CINAHL, Ovid, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar from 2002 to 2020 were studied and reviewed. This systematic review included nurses that take care of heart failure patients and studies that measured their knowledge score. The quality of all studies was determined using the JBI SUMARI Critical Appraisal tool, and a narrative approach was used to analyse the results.Results15 studies were selected, involving 1644 nurses that had experience in taking care of heart failure patients. The overall mean ± SD score of nurses' knowledges was unsatisfactory with 12.1 ± 2.7 to 17.3 ± 1.4, respectively, and it showed a significant increase in the level of knowledge after attending a heart failure speciality course or educational intervention. The majority of the nurses were uncertain about the deteriorating symptoms and fluid management for heart failure patients.ConclusionsThe nurses' level of knowledge was unsatisfactory, and therefore they need more in‐depth learning and understanding of the heart failure topic through educational interventional.Relevance to Clinical PracticeCritical care nurses needed to have in‐depth knowledge to recognize symptoms of deterioration in heart failure patients, especially during the decompensated stage.
Intraoperative condylar positioning techniques on mandible in orthognathic surgery
Authors: Chow WingYan , He Ze , Liu Yao , Song Jian , Xu ChunWei , Luo En 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeThe surgical condylar displacement often resulted in relapse and serious symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) after orthognathic surgery. To minimize the displacement, numerous techniques have been proposed. To verify their accuracy in positioning and effectiveness in preventing post‐operative TMD and relapse, we reviewed the literature related to intraoperative condylar positioning techniques on the mandible in this study.MethodsThe literature on condylar positioning techniques was reviewed with two charts, including the non‐computer‐assisted and the computer‐assisted positioning methods. The pre‐ and post‐operative alterations of condyles, the post‐operative temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function and surgical relapse were analysed regarding the techniques. The clinical usage and characteristics were reviewed as well.ResultsA total of 22 articles, including 907 patients, have been reported since 2001. Nearly all methods reach a considerable positioning accuracy within the range of 1‐2 mm and 1‐2° from the pre‐operative position. We ranked the accuracy of the methods from high to low: CAD/CAM CPDs > CAD/CAM titanium plate positioning > manual positioning > computer‐assisted navigation systems > imaging positioning systems. Most skeletal class II and class III patients achieved great occlusion and had no TMJ dysfunction or relapse after condylar positioning.ConclusionsBoth the non‐computer‐assisted and computer‐assisted condylar positioning techniques reach considerable accuracy in locating the pre‐operative condyle position and preventing TMJ dysfunction and surgical relapse. Different levels of surgeons and cases can benefit from multiple suggested positioning methods. Further research with large samples and long‐term follow‐up is worth looking forward to upgrading the current methods, improving the clinical utility and developing new positioning techniques.
The new European resuscitation council guidelines on newborn resuscitation and support of the transition of infants at birth: An educational article
Authors: Buis Maria L. , Hogeveen Marije , Turner Nigel M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this educational article, we summarize the changes in the new European Resuscitation Council guidelines on Newborn Resuscitation and Support of the Transition of Infants at Birth, emphasizing important aspects for the pediatric anesthesiologist including umbilical cord management, airway management, inflation pressure, and oxygen in relation with gestational age and situation. Using a fictitious case to illustrate the main points, we give a summary of the changes and the evidence behind them.
Out‐of‐hospital births and infant mortality in the United States: Effect measure modification by rural maternal residence
Authors: Way Elora A. , Carwile Jenny L. , Ziller Erika C. , Ahrens Katherine A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundOut‐of‐hospital births have been increasing in the United States, and home births are almost twice as common in rural vs. urban counties. Planned home births and births in rural areas have each been associated with an increased risk of infant mortality.ObjectivesTo estimate the effect of birth setting on infant mortality in the United States and how this is modified by rural‐urban county of maternal residence.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based cohort study of infants born in the United States during 2010–2017 using the National Center for Health Statistics’ period‐linked birth‐infant death files. Unadjusted and adjusted Poisson regression models were used to calculate infant mortality rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals for out‐of‐hospital births vs. hospital births stratified by maternal residence. Relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was calculated to assess effect measure modification on the additive scale.ResultsThe study included 25,210,263 live births. Of rural births, 97.8% was in hospitals, 0.5% was in birth centres, and 1.5% was planned home births; of urban births, 98.6% was in hospitals, 0.5% was in birth centres, and 0.7% was planned home births. After adjusting for maternal demographics and markers of high‐risk pregnancy and stratifying by maternal residence, infant mortality rates were generally higher for out‐of‐hospital as compared to hospital births (e.g. rural planned home births aRR 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.42, 1.85, and rural birth centre aRR 1.33, 95% CI 1.05, 1.68). There were positive additive effects of rural residence on infant mortality for planned home births and birth centre births.ConclusionsWithin both rural and urban areas, out‐of‐hospital births generally had higher rates of infant mortality than hospital births after accounting for maternal demographics and markers of high‐risk pregnancy. The risks associated with planned home births and birth centre births were more pronounced for women in rural counties.
Distributed sensemaking in network risk analysis
Authors: Taarup‐Esbensen Jacob 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article responds to the call advancing risk science as an independent research field, by introducing a conceptual model for risk analysis based on distributed sensemaking. Significant advances in recent decades have expanded the use of risk analysis to almost every organization globally. Continued improvements have been made to our understanding of risk, placing a wide range of contexts under organizational control. This article argues that four dimensions are central in how organizations make sense of uncertainty in their context and hence do risk analysis: the activities the organization engages in, their sensory systems, the role and competence of individuals, and the ability to coordinate information through organizational structures. The structure enables insight into the decision‐making process and the dimensions contributing to how organizations perceive risks and uncertainty in a given context. Three examples from the Arctic context illustrate the network risk analysis model's practical application and how it will expose weaknesses in these organizations’ risk analysis and decision‐making processes. Finally, the article discusses sensemaking in network risk analysis and how such an approach supports organizations’ ability to perceive, collect, process, and decide on changes in context.
Polarized Paths: ‘Selling’ Cycling in City and Suburb
Authors: McDougall Emma , Doucet Brian 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTWhile cycling infrastructure is increasingly integrated into North American cities, bike lanes are still met with considerable resistance. Contradictory housing concerns that bike lanes will either lower property values or spur gentrification are central to this ‘bikelash.’ Our research explores the ways in which cycling infrastructure is part of the development and consumption of housing and real estate in a growing mid‐sized region. Instead of analysing real estate data, we engage with real estate agents and developers to provide new insights into how cycling is ‘sold’ and marketed in both the home‐building and home‐buying processes. Central to this discussion is the stark difference between core urban areas, where the built environment is more conducive to cycling, and automobile‐oriented suburbs. Through this dichotomy, we examine differences based on demographics, as well as the active role that realtors and developers play in selling cycling as transportation, lifestyle, and recreation.
Silencing of Dicer‐like protein 2a restores the resistance phenotype in the rice mutant, sxi4 (suppressor of Xa21‐mediated immunity 4)
Authors: Liu Furong , Chern Mawsheng , Jain Rashmi , Martin Joel A. , Schakwitz Wendy S. , Ronald Pamela C. 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARYThe rice immune receptor XA21 confers resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), and upon recognition of the RaxX21‐sY peptide produced by Xoo, XA21 activates the plant immune response. Here we screened 21 000 mutant plants expressing XA21 to identify components involved in this response, and reported here the identification of a rice mutant, sxi4, which is susceptible to Xoo. The sxi4 mutant carries a 32‐kb translocation from chromosome 3 onto chromosome 7 and displays an elevated level of DCL2a transcript, encoding a Dicer‐like protein. Silencing of DCL2a in the sxi4 genetic background restores resistance to Xoo. RaxX21‐sY peptide‐treated leaves of sxi4 retain the hallmarks of XA21‐mediated immune response. However, WRKY45‐1, a known negative regulator of rice resistance to Xoo, is induced in the sxi4 mutant in response to RaxX21‐sY peptide treatment. A CRISPR knockout of a short interfering RNA (TE‐siRNA815) in the intron of WRKY45‐1 restores the resistance phenotype in sxi4. These results suggest a model where DCL2a accumulation negatively regulates XA21‐mediated immunity by altering the processing of TE‐siRNA815.
The heterogeneous effects of trade agreements with labour provisions
Authors: Timini Jacopo , Cortinovis Nicola , López Vicente Fernando 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDo trade agreements with labour provisions affect trade differently from those without such provisions? Are their effects heterogeneous with respect to the level of development of the countries involved and the labour intensity of goods traded? In this paper, we implement a state‐of‐the‐art structural gravity model with intranational (i.e. domestic) trade and allow for heterogeneous effects depending on the level of enforceability of labour provisions (weak vs. strong provisions), sector (labour vs. non‐labour‐intensive goods), members’ development level (North vs. South) and combinations of the three dimensions. We show that, overall, the trade effects of trade agreements with labour provisions are larger than those without. However, we also find that while exports from the South to the North display a significant increase after a signature of a trade agreements with no or weak labour provisions, this is not the case if strong labour provisions are included in the agreement, and that such differences tend to be larger for labour‐intensive goods.
Comparison of immediate and short‐term outcomes of cricoarytenoid and thyroarytenoid lateralization in dogs with idiopathic laryngeal paralysis
Authors: Drudi Dario , Lisi Marta L. P. , Sommaruga Paolo , Chiti Lavinia E. , Massari Federico 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the immediate and short‐term outcomes of thyroarytenoid lateralization (TAL) and cricoarytenoid lateralization (CAL) for the treatment of canine laryngeal paralysis in dogs.Study designA prospective, clinical trial.AnimalsFourteen client‐owned dogs referred to our hospital because of bilateral laryngeal paralysis.MethodsDogs with confirmed laryngeal paralysis were randomly assigned to the CAL or TAL group. Video images of the rima glottidis obtained preoperatively, immediately postoperatively (t0), and 15 days postoperatively (t1) were digitized. The rima glottidis area was measured using image‐analysis software. An increase in the rima glottidis area was expressed as a percentage of the preoperative area.ResultsThe rima glottidis area increased by a mean of 152% at t0 and 127% at t1 for the TAL group and 205% at t0 and 199% at t1 for the CAL group compared with preoperative values. The increase in the rima glottidis area differed (P < .05) between the 2 groups at all postoperative time points. A reduction of the area occurred at t1 in both groups. There was no difference between t0 and t1 (P > .05) in the CAL group but there was a large difference (P < .05) in the TAL group.ConclusionCricoarytenoid lateralization and TAL were both effective for surgical abduction of the arytenoid cartilage. Although a reduction (P < .05) in the rima glottidis area occurred in the TAL group at t1, we observed no associated clinical signs.Clinical significanceCricoarytenoid lateralization and TAL result in good short‐term outcomes in dogs with laryngeal paralysis.
Free Response of a Rotational Nonlinear Energy Sink Coupled to a Linear Oscillator: Fractality, Riddling, and Initial-Condition Sensitivity at Large Initial Displacements
Authors: Ding Ke , Pearlstein Arne J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFor large initial rectilinear displacements, we investigate free response of a linear oscillator inertially coupled to a rotational nonlinear energy sink (NES). Absent direct rectilinear damping, two ranges of orbitally stable solutions are accessible, in contrast to one range at lower, intermediate energies (2021, J. Appl. Mech. 88, 121009). As at lower initial energies, fractal and riddled basins of attraction are identified for both previously considered numerical combinations of the two dimensionless parameters (characterizing rotational damping, and coupling of rotational to rectilinear motion). In this case, however, the final amplitude, in addition to the final angular orientation, displays initial-condition sensitivity. For one parameter combination, most motionless initial conditions (MICs, with the masses of the linear oscillator and NES both initially at rest) lead to a discrete set of “special” orbitally stable solutions with one of two amplitudes, and no MICs lead to complete dissipation of initial energy. For the other combination, the results are similar to those at intermediate initial energies, with no MICs leading to special solutions, and many leading to complete dissipation. Results for both parameter combinations strongly suggest that no qualitatively new behavior occurs for initial energies beyond those considered here, with nonrotating asymptotic special-amplitude solutions having larger rectilinear amplitude either not existing or existing in only very small parts of the MIC space. With direct damping of rectilinear motion, transient chaos leads to initial-condition sensitivity of settling time, with the case of no direct rectilinear damping providing good guidance to damped-case behavior.