bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theory-based immunisation health education intervention in improving child immunisation uptake among antenatal mothers attending federal medical centre in Nigeria: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Galadima Abubakar Nasiru , Mohd Zulkefli Nor Afiah , Said Salmiah Md , Ahmad Norliza , Garba Saleh Ngaski 
Published: December 2022

Background
Childhood immunisation coverage is very low in Nigeria (31%) with Zamfara State being amongst the states with the poorest coverage (<10%). Lack of maternal knowledge, attitude, outcome expectations, self-efficacy, cultural beliefs and assumptions of religious regulations of antenatal mothers towards childhood immunisation are the contributory factors to poor childhood immunisation uptake. This study aims is to develop, implement and evaluate the effects of an immunisation health educational intervention with application of Social Cognitive Theory on pregnant women to improve knowledge, attitude, outcome expectations, self-efficacy, cultural beliefs and assumptions on religious regulations regarding childhood immunization uptake in Federal Medical Centre Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria.

Methodology
The study will be a single-blind parallel-group randomised controlled trial, where baseline data will be collected from 392 estimated antenatal mothers, after that they will be evenly randomised using randomly generated permuted block sizes (each containing two intervention and two control assignments). The study participants will be antenatal mothers of ages 18 years and above who are in third trimesters and attending Federal Medical Centre Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria; during the study period and fulfilled all the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The intervention group will undergo five-health education sessions on immunisation, which will be strictly guided by Social Cognitive Theory-based intervention module: while the control group will receive usual care (standard care). Follow-up data will be collected using the same questionnaire at 6-weeks post-delivery, 10-weeks post-delivery and 14-weeks post-delivery. The generalized linear mixed model will be carried-out to determine the overall effect of the intervention after controlling for 14 potential confounding variables. An intention to treat analysis will also be carried-out. Childhood immunisation uptake is the primary outcome while the secondary outcomes are: improved knowledge scores, attitude scores, outcomes expectation, self-efficacy scores, cultural beliefs scores and assumptions on religious regulations scores.

Discussion
The study will be a randomised controlled trial, that focuses on the effects of an immunisation health educational intervention with application of Social Cognitive Theory on pregnant women to improve knowledge, attitude, outcome expectations, self-efficacy, cultural beliefs and assumptions on religious regulations regarding childhood immunisation uptake in Federal Medical Centre Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria.

Trial registration
Pan African Clinical Trial Registry PACTR202006722055635. Protocol registered on 09 June 2020.
Impacts of a social and behavior change communication program implemented at scale on infant and young feeding practices in Nigeria: Results of a cluster-randomized evaluation
Authors: Flax Valerie L. , Fagbemi Mariam , Schnefke Courtney H. , Kawu Auwalu A. , Edwards Susan , Unangst Jennifer , Bose Sujata 
Published: December 2022

Background
Infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices are important for child survival and healthy growth, but IYCF practices remain suboptimal in Nigeria. The objective of this study was to measure the impact of Alive & Thrive’s IYCF social and behavior change communication intervention on early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, and minimum dietary diversity in Kaduna and Lagos States.

Methods
Local government areas were randomly allocated to intervention or comparison. Cross-sectional surveys of households with children aged 0–23 months were conducted [N = 6,266 baseline (2017), N = 7,320 endline (2020)]. Logistic regression was used to calculate difference-in-differences estimates (DDEs) of impact on IYCF practices and to assess within group changes from baseline to endline. Associations between intervention exposures and IYCF practices were tested in both study groups combined.

Results
In Kaduna, a positive differential effect of the intervention was found for exclusive breastfeeding (adjusted DDE 8.9 pp, P<0.099). Increases in both study groups from baseline to endline were observed in Kaduna for early initiation of breastfeeding (intervention 12.2 pp, P = 0.010; comparison 6.4 pp, P = 0.118) and minimum dietary diversity (intervention 20.0 pp, P<0.001; comparison 19.7 pp, P<0.001), which eliminated differential effects. In Lagos, no differential intervention impacts were found on IYCF practices because changes in early initiation of breastfeeding from baseline to endline were small in both study groups and increases in both study groups from baseline to endline were observed for exclusive breastfeeding (intervention 8.9 pp, P = 0.05; comparison 6.6 pp, P<0.001) and minimum dietary diversity (intervention 18.9 pp, P<0.001; comparison 24.3 pp, P<0.001). Odds of all three IYCF practices increased with exposure to facility-based interpersonal communication in both states and with community mobilization or mass media exposure in Kaduna.

Conclusions
This evaluation found weak impacts of the Alive & Thrive intervention on IYCF practices in the difference-in-differences analysis because of suspected intervention spillover to the comparison group. Substantial within group increases in IYCF practices from baseline to endline are likely attributable to the intervention, which was the major IYCF promotion activity in both states. This is supported by the association between intervention exposures and IYCF practices.

Trial registration
The study was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02975063).
Effects of various treatments for preventing oral mucositis in cancer patients: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Tzu-Rong , Tsai Fang-Pei , Wu Ta-Wei 
Published: December 2022

Background
Oral mucositis (OM) is a common side effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in patients with cancers. The prevention or treatment of OM in cancer patients is crucial in the treatment of cancer.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for the randomized control trials (RCTs) of interventions for preventing and treating OM. Network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from both direct and indirect evidence. The prespecified primary efficacy outcome was the treatment effect of moderate to severe oral mucositis with 12 interventions. The outcome was moderate to a severe grade of OM.

Results
This study included 55 RCTs with 3,552 participants. The results showed that honey significantly lowered the risk of chemo/radiotherapy-induced moderate to severe oral mucositis than placebo (OR: 0.01, 95%CI 0.00 to 0.45), followed by lignocaine (OR: 0.07, 95%CI 0.00 to 0.95). The surface under cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values for honey were 0.95, followed by lignocaine (SUCRA, 0.81) and benzydamine (SUCRA, 0.78).

Conclusions
The honey is effective for patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis.
Whole blood RNA-seq demonstrates an increased host immune response in individuals with cystic fibrosis who develop nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease
Authors: Prieto Miguel Dario , Jang Jiah , Franciosi Alessandro N. , Av-Gay Yossef , Bach Horacio , Tebbutt Scott J. , Quon Bradley S. 
Published: December 2022

Background
Individuals with cystic fibrosis have an elevated lifetime risk of colonization, infection, and disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. A prior study involving non-cystic fibrosis individuals reported a gene expression signature associated with susceptibility to nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). In this study, we determined whether people living with cystic fibrosis who progress to NTM-PD have a gene expression pattern similar to the one seen in the non-cystic fibrosis population.

Methods
We evaluated whole blood transcriptomics using bulk RNA-seq in a cohort of cystic fibrosis patients with samples collected closest in timing to the first isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria. The study population included patients who did (n = 12) and did not (n = 30) develop NTM-PD following the first mycobacterial growth. Progression to NTM-PD was defined by a consensus of two expert clinicians based on reviewing clinical, microbiological, and radiological information. Differential gene expression was determined by DESeq2.

Results
No differences in demographics or composition of white blood cell populations between groups were identified at baseline. Out of 213 genes associated with NTM-PD in the non-CF population, only two were significantly different in our cystic fibrosis NTM-PD cohort. Gene set enrichment analysis of the differential expression results showed that CF individuals who developed NTM-PD had higher expression levels of genes involved in the interferon (α and γ), tumor necrosis factor, and IL6-STAT3-JAK pathways.

Conclusion
In contrast to the non-cystic fibrosis population, the gene expression signature of patients with cystic fibrosis who develop NTM-PD is characterized by increased innate immune responses.
What is the value and impact of the adaptation process on quality indicators for local use? A scoping review
Authors: Zhu Siyi , Wu Tao , Leese Jenny , Li Linda C. , He Chengqi , Yang Lin 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundQuality indicators (QIs) are designed for improving quality of care, but the development of QIs is resource intensive and time consuming.ObjectiveTo describe and identify the impact and potential attributes of the adaptation process for the local use of existing QIs.Data sourcesEMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL and grey literature were searched.Study selectionLiteratures operationalizing or implementing QIs that were developed in a different jurisdiction from the place where the QIs were included.ResultsOf 7704 citations identified, 10 out of 33 articles were included. Our results revealed a lack of definition and conceptualization for an adaptation process in which an existing set of QIs was applied. Four out of ten studies involved a consensus process (e.g., Delphi or RAND process) to determine the suitability of QIs for local use. QIs for chronic conditions in primary and secondary settings were mostly used for adaptation. Of the ones that underwent a consensus process, 56.3 to 85.7% of original QIs were considered valid for local use, and 2 to 21.8% of proposed QIs were newly added. Four attributes should be considered in the adaptation: 1) identifying areas/conditions; 2) a consensus process; 3) proposing adapted QIs; 4) operationalization and evaluation.ConclusionThe existing QIs, although serving as a good starting point, were not adequately adapted before for use in a different jurisdiction from their origin. Adaptation of QIs under a systematic approach is critical for informing future research planning for QIs adaptation and potentially establishing a new pathway for healthcare improvement.
Produção de hortaliças pela agricultura familiar de Alta Floresta, Amazônia Matogrossense
Authors: Nespoli Andre , Cochev Jakeline Santos , Neves Sandra Mara Alves da Silva , Seabra Júnior Santino 
Published: December 2022

A agricultura familiar é caracterizada pelo trabalho dos componentes da família, cujos meios de produção pertencem a estes, sendo um segmento coletivo em que se relacionam os fatores físicos, sociais, culturais e econômicos. Objetivou neste estudo investigar a produção de hortaliças em Alta Floresta/MT, visando Ã geração de subsídios que contribuam na discussão de políticas públicas em âmbito municipal. Realizou-se a coleta de dados através de questionário semiestruturado, em que foram aplicadas técnicas de estatística descritiva e mapas para análise. Constatou-se que no município é cultivado 14 espécies de hortaliças, sendo que a alface esta presente em 34 estabelecimentos. As tecnologias aplicadas são o sistema de cobertura e de irrigação. As propriedades estão localizadas em sua maioria (28) no espaço periurbano e rural municipal. A comercialização é realizada diretamente em feiras, mercados e restaurantes. As associações e cooperativa são importantes na integração social e econômica dos agricultores, fortalecendo a dinâmica e sensibilização ambiental nas comunidades. Concluiu-se que se faz necessário a elaboração de políticas públicas, a nível municipal, no intuito de apoiar o desenvolvimento do sistema produtivo de hortaliças.
A apropriação econômica do território pela Cooperativa Agrária Agroindustrial, em Entre Rios, no município de Guarapuava (PR)
Authors: Kaminski Marisa do Belem Pereira , Fajardo Sergio 
Published: December 2022

A pesquisa apresenta a apropriação econômica do território por parte da Cooperativa
Agrária Agroindustrial, instalada no distrito de Entre Rios, município de Guarapuava,
na mesorregião Centro-Sul do Paraná. Partiu-se do pressuposto de que essa apropriação
incorpora estratégias territoriais e processos relacionais conformando as territorialidades
da Cooperativa Agrária. Na busca por respostas, o presente trabalho foi embasado nas
concepções de Haesbaert (2004), que trata das múltiplas territorialidades em suas
formas política, econômica e cultural influenciando a produção do território, e
principalmente em Saquet (2002, 2003), que destaca entre essas dimensões o aspecto
econômico. A Agrária, fundada por suábios do Danúbio (povos de língua e cultura
alemãs), é uma das cooperativas paranaenses fundadas por imigrantes. Tais cooperativas
tiveram inspiração no associativismo europeu do século XIX, com suas peculiaridades
organizacionais envolvendo a coesão do grupo na relação com o trabalho e na questão
da identidade etnico-cultural. Contudo, ao se apropriar economicamente do território, a
Agrária articulou estratégias territoriais voltadas à produção para grandes mercados, e
em seus processos relacionais gerou conflitos internos. Esse modo de agir cotidiano da
cooperativa está no bojo das formas de organização, apropriação e dominação do
espaço, e as dimensões econômicas afetam direta e localmente o distrito de Entre Rios.
A representação política dos movimentos sociais – um estudo no colegiado territorial do Mato Grande (RN)
Authors: Moura Joana Tereza Vaz de 
Published: December 2022

Este artigo tem como principal objetivo compreender a representação política dos
movimentos sociais a partir do contexto do desenvolvimento territorial, particularmente
após a criação dos colegiados territoriais, espaços de articulação entre a sociedade civil
e o Estado. Procura-se apontar como a criação dos colegiados territoriais pode
influenciar na criação de novas maneiras de intervenção e de relacionamento com os
demais membros do movimento, além da busca de novos caminhos e meios de
legitimação política. O eixo teórico da análise fundamenta-se na abordagem relacional.
A partir de uma pesquisa no Colegiado Territorial do Mato Grande, Rio Grande do
Norte, Brasil, percebe-se que os movimentos sociais ainda estão se adequando a essa
nova problemática e ao novo espaço (Colegiado), na medida em que recriam estratégias
e reformulam interesses pautados nessas novas perspectivas de espacialidade.
Runoff and erosion in different (agro) climatological zones of Latin America and proposals for soil and water conservation scenarios
Authors: Gabriels Donald , Lobo Deyanira , Schiettecatte Wouter , Cisneros Pedro 
Published: December 2022

Steeplands, when cleared from forests, are susceptible to erosion by rainfall and are prone to
land degradation and desertification processes.
The dominant factors affecting those erosion processes and hence the resulting runoff and soil
losses are the aggressiveness of the rainfall during the successive plant growth stages, the soil
cover-management, but also the topography (slope length and slope steepness). Depending on
the type of (agro) climatological zone, the runoff water should either be limited and controlled
(excess of water) or should be enhanced and collected from the slope on the downslope
cropping area if water is short (negative soil water balance).
Examples are given of practical applications in Ecuador where alternative soil conservation
scenarios are proposed in maize cultivation in small fields on steep slopes. Adding peas and
barley in the rotation of maize and beans resulted only in a slight decrease of the soil losses.
Subdividing the fields into smaller parcels proved to give the best reduction in soil loss.
Because the average slope steepness is high, erosion control measures such as contour
ploughing and strip cropping have only small effects. Erosion and its effect on productivity of a sorghum -livestock farming system are assessed on
four different areas in Venezuela with different levels of erosion. A Productivity Index (PI)
and an Erosion Risk Index (ERI) were used to classify the lands for soil conservation
priorities and for alternative land uses. Intensive agriculture can be applied on slightly eroded
soil, whereas severely eroded soil can be used with special crops or agro-forestry. Semiintensive
agriculture is possible on moderately eroded soil.
Reforestation of drylands in Chili requires understanding of the infiltration/runoff process in
order to determine dimensions of water harvesting systems. Infiltration processes in semi-arid
regions of Chile were evaluated, using rainfall experiments and constant-head infiltration
measurements. Correlations between infiltration parameters and locally variable
characteristics as soil structure, field slope and stoniness were investigated for six different
sites, aiming at improving the design and positioning of runoff collecting systems.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA CENTRALIDADE URBANA SETE LAGOAS (MG)
Authors: Nogueira Marly 
Published: December 2022

A cidade de Sete Lagoas é uma típica cidade média de Minas Gerais e apesar de estar tão próxima
da terceira maior região metropolitana do Brasil, desenvolveu uma respeitável autonomia em
relação à metrópole belo-horizontina. Partindo de indagações tais como Ã quelas que se referem
aos objetivos, Ã gênese e à dinâmica dos processos socioespaciais que explicam a atual inserção
de Sete Lagoas na rede urbana mineira, é que se desenvolveu esse trabalho. A posição geográfica
de contato de duas grandes regiões fisionômicas e socioespaciais mineiras - as Gerais (o Sertão)
e as Minas pode, certamente, constituir e explicar, numa primeira aproximação, a posição de
relativa centralidade urbana conquistada por Sete Lagoas em sua região. Entretanto, outros
fatores tais como os agentes sociais e suas estratégias e o modo como tais agentes se aproveitaram
dessa posição geográfica para forjar aquela autonomia, são cruciais para tornar inteligível a
socioespacialidade e a inserção de Sete lagoas na rede urbana mineira, na atualidade. O estudo
desses processos constitui o escopo desse trabalho. Trata-se de uma tentativa de continuar trilhando
uma tradição da Geografia Urbana brasileira - o estudo da cidade e sua hinterlândia , tendo em
vista o relativo abandono que tal temática sofreu nos estudos urbanos brasileiros.
Policy Rules Consistent with the FOMC’s Longer-Run Goals and Monetary Policy Strategy
Authors: Papell David H. , Prodan Ruxandra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Federal Open Market Committee’s revised Statement on Longer-Run Goals and Monetary Policy Strategy implements flexible average inflation targeting and mitigates shortfalls, rather than deviations, of employment from its maximum level. We show how the Taylor, balanced approach, and balanced approach (shortfalls) rules in the Monetary Policy Report could be modified to be consistent with the revised statement. Federal funds rate prescriptions from the consistent rules are both closer to the liftoff from the effective lower bound in December 2015 and provide a better fit to the actual federal funds rate than the rules currently included in the Report. The prescriptions from the balanced approach rules are closer to the liftoff and provide a better fit than the prescriptions from the Taylor rules.
DABCO-based ionic liquid-promoted synthesis of indeno-benzofurans derivatives: Investigation of antioxidant and antidiabetic activities
Authors: Saqa Narges Alipour , Khalil-Moghaddam Shiva , Shahvelayati Ashraf Sadat 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A simple and effective method for synthesis of indeno-benzofurans derivatives using polyphenols and ninhydrins is explored using an acidic catalyst based on DABCO (1,4-diaza bicycle [2.2.2] octane)-based ionic liquid. The products of these types of reactions have very low yields without catalysts, but with DABCO-AIL, the yields are excellent, reaction times are reduced, and the media are cleaner. Using infrared (IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), and mass spectrometry, the structures of products can be confirmed. There is evidence that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of numerous diseases, including diabetes. Therapeutic antioxidants are promising candidates for the prevention and treatment of such diseases. To investigate the antioxidant properties of all synthesized derivatives, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylhydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) assay was used. Derivatives 3d and 4 with the highest antioxidant effect (with IC50 value of 0.015 µmol/mL) were selected to evaluate the anti-diabetic effect using the Bernfeld method. The best result was seen at 0.8 mg/mL of 4 derivative and results of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test revealed that 4 at this concentration lacked cellular toxicity, too.
Synthesis, characterization, and biological studies of sintered porous titanium with three different pore morphologies
Authors: Haghjoo Roghayeh , Sadrnezhaad Sayed-Khatiboleslam , Hassanzadeh-Nemati Nahid 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Integrating implants with the surrounding bone tissue is a significant challenge in medical engineering. A promising option with appropriate biological and mechanical characteristics is porous titanium, which can be employed in mineralizing bones and ingrowth applications. In the present study, titanium foams were fabricated using titanium hydride powder and the following space holders: (1) needle-shaped urea, (2) spherical urea, and (3) cubic sodium chloride. All samples were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, and mechanical compression testing. Our results revealed that powder metallurgy is suitable for producing titanium foam with various pore morphologies. The shape of sample pores replicates the type of space holders. Also, the influence of three distinct pore morphologies on the human primary osteogenic sarcoma cell line, MG-63, was evaluated. In-vitro investigation showed that samples with sharp-cornered pores increase the attached cellular filopodia to the foams after seeding. This result is helpful in porous titanium applications for restoring bone defects.