bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on lignin pyrolysis: pyrolytic behavior, mechanism, and relevant upgrading for improving process efficiency
Authors: Lu Xinyu , Gu Xiaoli 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLignin is a promising alternative to traditional fossil resources for producing biofuels due to its aromaticity and renewability. Pyrolysis is an efficient technology to convert lignin to valuable chemicals, which is beneficial for improving lignin valorization. In this review, pyrolytic behaviors of various lignin were included, as well as the pyrolytic mechanism consisting of initial, primary, and charring stages were also introduced. Several parallel reactions, such as demethoxylation, demethylation, decarboxylation, and decarbonylation of lignin side chains to form light gases, major lignin structure decomposition to generate phenolic compounds, and polymerization of active lignin intermediates to yield char, can be observed through the whole pyrolysis process. Several parameters, such as pyrolytic temperature, time, lignin type, and functional groups (hydroxyl, methoxy), were also investigated to figure out their effects on lignin pyrolysis. On the other hand, zeolite-driven lignin catalytic pyrolysis and lignin co-pyrolysis with other hydrogen-rich co-feedings were also introduced for improving process efficiency to produce more aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs). During the pyrolysis process, phenolic compounds and/or AHs can be produced, showing promising applications in biochemical intermediates and biofuel additives. Finally, some challenges and future perspectives for lignin pyrolysis have been discussed.
5-Hydroxymethylation alterations in cell-free DNA reflect molecular distinctions of diffuse large B cell lymphoma at different primary sites
Authors: Shen Ye , Ou Jinping , He Bo , Yang Jinmin , Liu Huihui , Wang Lihong , Wang Bingjie , Gao Liang , Yi Chengqi , Peng Jinying , Cen Xinan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), an important DNA epigenetic modification, plays a vital role in tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis in many cancers. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can involve almost any organ, but the prognosis of patients with DLBCL at different primary sites varies greatly. Previous studies have shown that 5hmC displays a tissue-specific atlas, but its role in DLBCLs at different primary sites remains unknown.

Results
We found that primary gastric DLBCL (PG-DLBCL) and lymph node-involved DLBCL (LN-DLBCL) patients had a favorable prognosis, while primary central nervous system DLBCL (PCNS-DLBCL) patients faced the worst prognosis, followed by primary testicular DLBCL (PT-DLBCL) and primary intestinal DLBCL (PI-DLBCL) patients. Thus, we used hmC-CATCH, a bisulfite-free and cost-effective 5hmC detection technology, to first generate the 5hmC profiles from plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of DLBCL patients at these five different primary sites. Specifically, we found robust cancer-associated features that could be used to distinguish healthy individuals from DLBCL patients and distinguish among different primary sites. Through functional enrichment analysis of the differentially 5hmC-enriched genes, almost all DLBCL patients were enriched in tumor-related pathways, and DLBCL patients at different primary sites had unique characteristics. Moreover, 5hmC-based biomarkers can also highly reflect clinical features.

Conclusions
Collectively, we revealed the primary site differential 5hmC regions of DLBCL at different primary sites. This new strategy may help develop minimally invasive and effective methods to diagnose and determine the primary sites of DLBCL.
Hemodynamic functional connectivity optimization of frequency EEG microstates enables attention LSTM framework to classify distinct temporal cortical communications of different cognitive tasks
Authors: Agrawal Swati , Chinnadurai Vijayakumar , Sharma Rinku 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTemporal analysis of global cortical communication of cognitive tasks in coarse EEG information is still challenging due to the underlying complex neural mechanisms. This study proposes an attention-based time-series deep learning framework that processes fMRI functional connectivity optimized quasi-stable frequency microstates for classifying distinct temporal cortical communications of the cognitive task. Seventy volunteers were subjected to visual target detection tasks, and their electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional MRI (fMRI) were acquired simultaneously. At first, the acquired EEG information was preprocessed and bandpass to delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands and then subjected to quasi-stable frequency-microstate estimation. Subsequently, time-series elicitation of each frequency microstates is optimized with graph theory measures of simultaneously eliciting fMRI functional connectivity between frontal, parietal, and temporal cortices. The distinct neural mechanisms associated with each optimized frequency-microstate were analyzed using microstate-informed fMRI. Finally, these optimized, quasi-stable frequency microstates were employed to train and validate the attention-based Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) time-series architecture for classifying distinct temporal cortical communications of the target from other cognitive tasks. The temporal, sliding input sampling windows were chosen between 180 to 750 ms/segment based on the stability of transition probabilities of the optimized microstates. The results revealed 12 distinct frequency microstates capable of deciphering target detections' temporal cortical communications from other task engagements. Particularly, fMRI functional connectivity measures of target engagement were observed significantly correlated with the right-diagonal delta (r = 0.31), anterior–posterior theta (r = 0.35), left–right theta (r = − 0.32), alpha (r = − 0.31) microstates. Further, neuro-vascular information of microstate-informed fMRI analysis revealed the association of delta/theta and alpha/beta microstates with cortical communications and local neural processing, respectively. The classification accuracies of the attention-based LSTM were higher than the traditional LSTM architectures, particularly the frameworks that sampled the EEG data with a temporal width of 300 ms/segment. In conclusion, the study demonstrates reliable temporal classifications of global cortical communication of distinct tasks using an attention-based LSTM utilizing fMRI functional connectivity optimized quasi-stable frequency microstates.
Parental anxiety and form of parenting during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Khomaeny Elfan Fanhas Fatwa , Kusumaputeri Erika Setyanti 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe massive development of information technology based on big data, internet, and artificial intelligence has brought fundamental changes to human patterns and lifestyles, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic that hit globally, has added to a large and complex problems in parenting, as well as demanding people to take care of their children. Parents must be able to adapt and reposition themselves with new and effective forms of parenting, this can increase parental anxiety. To determine the level of parental anxiety, this research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method through the distribution of questionnaires based on the GAD-7 instrument. This study focuses on efforts to capture the level of parental anxiety and the need for a new form of parenting. The results can be the basis for further research to find and develop new forms of parenting. The results of research on 669 parents living in West Java, Indonesia, showed that the level of parental anxiety was 63.08% at the level of moderate and severe anxiety. The level of parental satisfaction regarding the form of parenting used is at a low level of 67.12%, while the level of parental interest in the new form of parenting is at a very high level of 98.51%. The need for the latest form of parenting that can respond to the challenges and demands of the times is very necessary to minimize parental anxiety.
Self-induced transparency in a perfectly absorbing chiral second-harmonic generator
Authors: Hou Jiankun , Lin Jintian , Zhu Jiefu , Zhao Guolin , Chen Yao , Zhang Fangxing , Zheng Yuanlin , Chen Xianfeng , Cheng Ya , Ge Li , Wan Wenjie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTransparency and perfect absorption are two contradictory terms; a perfect absorber never permits waves to transmit through. However, this statement only remains true in the linear regime, where the nonlinearity has been omitted and the physical system like the perfect absorber is not affected by the incoming waves. Here we experimentally demonstrate an intriguing self-induced transparency effect in a perfectly absorbing optical microcavity, which perfectly absorbs any incoming waves at the low power level, but allows a portion of waves to be transmitted at the higher power due to the nonlinear coupling between the fundamental and its second harmonic modes. Moreover, the asymmetric scattering nature of the microcavity enables a chiral and unidirectional reflection in one of the input ports, this leads to asymmetric and chiral coherent control of the perfect absorption states through phase varying. More importantly, such chiral behaviors also empower the chiral emission of second-harmonic generation with a high distinct ratio in the transparency state. These results pave the way for controllable transparency in a wide range of fields in optics, microwaves, acoustics, mechanics, and matter waves.
Roles of ANP32 proteins in cell biology and viral replication
Authors: Yu Mengmeng , Qu Yuxing , Zhang Haili , Wang Xiaojun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 kDa (ANP32) family consists of evolutionarily conserved proteins of 220–291 amino acids characterized by an N-terminal leucine-rich repeat domain (LRR) and a C-terminal low-complexity acidic region (LCAR). ANP32 family proteins regulate a variety of physiological functions, including chromatin remodeling, apoptosis and nervous system development. Abnormal ANP32 expression is closely related to tumorigenesis. In recent years, the role of ANP32 family proteins in viral infections has received considerable attention due to their activity supporting influenza virus replication and restriction of virus cross-species transmission. Moreover, ANP32 proteins are closely related to the replication of HIV and nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses (NNSVs). In this review, the general physiological functions of ANP32 family proteins, as well as their roles in virus replication, are summarized in detail.
A conditional null allele of Dync1h1 enables targeted analyses of dynein roles in neuronal length sensing
Authors: Di Pizio Agostina , Marvaldi Letizia , Birling Marie-Christine , Okladnikov Nataliya , Dupuis Luc , Fainzilber Mike , Rishal Ida 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Size homeostasis is a fundamental process in biology and is particularly important for large cells such as neurons. We previously proposed a motor-dependent length-sensing mechanism wherein reductions in microtubule motor levels would be expected to accelerate neuronal growth, and validated this prediction in dynein heavy chain 1 Loa mutant (Dync1h1Loa) sensory neurons. Here, we describe a new mouse model with a conditional deletion allele of exons 24 and 25 in Dync1h1. Homozygous Islet1-Cre-mediated deletion of Dync1h1 (Isl1-Dync1h1−/−), which deletes protein from the motor and sensory neurons, is embryonic lethal, but heterozygous animals (Isl1-Dync1h1+/−) survive to adulthood with ∼50% dynein expression in targeted cells. Isl1-Dync1h1+/− sensory neurons reveal accelerated growth, as previously reported in Dync1h1Loa neurons. Moreover, Isl1-Dync1h1+/− mice show mild impairments in gait, proprioception and tactile sensation, similar to what is seen in Dync1h1Loa mice, confirming that specific aspects of the Loa phenotype are due to reduced dynein levels. Isl1-Dync1h1+/− mice also show delayed recovery from peripheral nerve injury, likely due to reduced injury signal delivery from axonal lesion sites. Thus, conditional deletion of Dync1h1 exons 24 and 25 enables targeted studies of the role of dynein in neuronal growth.
A política de ódio contra a cidadania LGBTQIA+:
Authors: Ameno Ribeiro Ludmila 
Published: October 2022

Este artigo objetiva mostrar a importância de se tratar da temática diversidade de gênero no meio educacional, no momento que o Brasil é regido por um contexto político repleto de antagonismos que visam reverter as conquistas e desmerecer a luta LGBTQIA+. Para isso, adotamos a revisão bibliográfica e documental acerca das contribuições da Teoria Queer, dos documentos que relatam a violência contra as pessoas LGBTQIA+, e dos propostos pelas Diretrizes Nacionais para a Educação em Direitos Humanos - DNEDH (BRASIL, 2012).

Palavras-chave: LGBTQIA+. Teoria Queer. Política anti-gênero.
patrimônio imaterial nas ações vencedoras do Prêmio Rodrigo (2000 - 2020)
Authors: Amaral Marília , Almeida Márcia 
Published: October 2022

Este artigo pretende explorar de que maneiras as iniciativas premiadas entre os anos 2000 e 2020 no Prêmio Rodrigo Melo Franco de Andrade, concurso promovido pelo IPHAN desde 1987, demonstram os impactos da política federal de patrimônio imaterial sobre a premiação, além de iluminarem elementos referentes a como o Prêmio contribui para fomentar processos de salvaguarda de diferentes práticas e manifestações culturais, sendo uma das ferramentas de aproximação entre detentores e a instituição.
Conceptualising learning healthcare systems and organisations in the context of rehabilitation: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Christophers Lauren , Torok Zsofia , Cornall Catherine , Henn Aoife , Hudson Clare , Whyte Teresa , Stokes Diarmuid , Carroll Aine 
Published: October 2022

Background: Transformative system wide action is needed for healthcare systems to meet the needs of an increasing aging population and changing health needs. One idea is that health systems can become “learning organisations” (LO) or “learning healthcare systems” (LHS) that continuously generate and apply evidence, innovation, quality, and value to provide better care. This is of value to non-acute healthcare settings such as rehabilitation, which are complex, multi-dimensional and multi-disciplinary in nature. Little is known about how these frameworks have been applied to rehabilitation settings. Objective and inclusion criteria: The aim of this scoping review is to systematically map and summarise the literature conceptualising and operationalising LHS and LO in rehabilitation settings. Studies will be included which define a LO or LHS; or describe an operating LHS/LO; or include the translation of research evidence generated from LHS/LO data into healthcare improvement within a rehabilitation context will be included. Study designs such as quantitative, qualitative, mixed method studies, and case studies will be included. Methods: The guidelines from the Joanna Briggs institute methodology for scoping reviews will be used for this review. The literature search will be performed using a three-step search strategy: an initial limited search of two databases has been performed to identify relevant key words and index terms. The developed search string will be adapted and applied across the following databases: OVID MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, APA PsycINFO and COCHRANE Database of Systematic Reviews. This will be followed by search of the reference lists of selected sources and relevant data-hubs. A draft data extraction framework will be used and updated iteratively to extract data. Frequency counts and qualitative content analysis will be employed to address the research question of how LHS and LO have been conceptualised and operationalised in the context of rehabilitation.
A Unifying Framework for Submodular Mean Field Games
Authors: Dianetti Jodi , Ferrari Giorgio , Fischer Markus , Nendel Max 
Published: October 2022

We provide an abstract framework for submodular mean field games and identify verifiable sufficient conditions that allow us to prove the existence and approximation of strong mean field equilibria in models where data may not be continuous with respect to the measure parameter and common noise is allowed. The setting is general enough to encompass qualitatively different problems, such as mean field games for discrete time finite space Markov chains, singularly controlled and reflected diffusions, and mean field games of optimal timing. Our analysis hinges on Tarski’s fixed point theorem, along with technical results on lattices of flows of probability and subprobability measures.Funding: Financial support by the German Research Foundation [Collaborative Research Centre Grant 1283/2 2021–317210226] is acknowledged.
Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the perceived insufficient milk questionnaire
Authors: Wu Qian , Wacharasin Chintana 
Published: October 2022

Background/Aims This study aimed to translate the perceived insufficient milk questionnaire into the Chinese language, Mandarin, perform cultural adaptation, and evaluate its validity and reliability. Methods The perceived insufficient milk questionnaire was translated using a forward-backward process. An expert panel evaluated content validity with both item and scale content validity indices. Construct validity was assessed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency reliability was evaluated by the Cronbach alpha coefficient. With a 1-week interval, the test-retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient. Results A total of 328 participants were recruited. The item-level content validity index was as high (0.83–1.0), and the scale-level content validity index was 0.92, indicating excellent validity. A single-factor model was verified as acceptable with good fit indices. The internal consistency (Cronbach alpha coefficient=0.943) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient range: 0.870–0.974) were good. Conclusions The Chinese version of the perceived insufficient milk questionnaire had acceptable validity and reliability. It is helpful for healthcare providers to evaluate mother's beliefs about breastmilk quantity and nutritional quality, preventing early cessation of breastfeeding through timely interventions.
Management of the palatally displaced maxillary canine. Part 2: exposure and orthodontic alignment
Authors: Frawley Tom , Parkin Nicola 
Published: October 2022

In Part 2 of this article, we highlight the differences between the open and closed exposure techniques in the management of palatally displaced canines (PDCs), the mechanical principles of alignment and the management of ankylosis. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The wide positional variation in the presentation of PDCs requires a degree of clinical flexibility with different exposure techniques and treatment mechanics.
Orthodontic patient perception during the COVID era and teleorthodontics. A review of the literature
Authors: Sharara Shima , Khoshkhounejad Golfam 
Published: October 2022

The use of teleorthodontics during the COVID-19 pandemic has greatly supported the provision of orthodontic care when dental services were disrupted. This disruption could adversely impact on the psychological wellbeing of orthodontic patients. To assure high-quality care, it is essential to assess the patient's perception. This article is a review of the current literature on what comprises teledentistry with a focus on patient perception of such digital technology, their orthodontic experience during the COVID-19 pandemic and our recommendations thereafter.CPD/Clinical Relevance: An assessment of orthodontic patients' experience of using teleorthodontics during the COVID pandemic with recommendations for effective use of the technology for the provision of high-quality care.
Low Risk of Lymphoma in Pediatric Patients Treated for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Egberg Matthew D. , Zhang Xian , Smitherman Andrew B. , Kappelman Michael D. 
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Despite the effectiveness of immune-suppressing therapies in treating pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), concerns of lymphoma may limit their use. We used a large administrative claims database to evaluate the risk of lymphoma in pediatric IBD and conducted a case series analysis of medication exposure in children diagnosed with lymphoma.

METHODS:
We analyzed administrative claims from the 2007 to 2018 IQVIA database and identified pediatric (≤18 years) patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis using International Classification of Diseases, 9th or 10th Revision codes and pharmacy claims. Lymphoma cases were identified by diagnosis codes and confirmed by independent claim-by-claim review by a pediatric oncologist and gastroenterologist. We calculated incidence rates for lymphoma among patients with and without pharmacy claims for treatment followed by treatment description among those who developed lymphoma during follow-up.

RESULTS:
A total of 10,777 pediatric patients with IBD received ≥1 IBD therapy (median age 15 years [12–17], 45% female and 61% diagnosed with Crohn's disease) during 28,292 patient-years of follow-up. Among treated patients, 5 lymphoma cases were identified (incidence rate 17.7/100,000 patient-years; 95% confidence interval 6.5–39.2). Of these, 4 were treated with a thiopurine before lymphoma diagnosis, and none received anti–tumor necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF) monotherapy.

DISCUSSION:
The overall lymphoma incidence was low among our cohort of treated pediatric patients with IBD. We observed no cases of lymphoma among patients prescribed anti-TNF monotherapy. These findings reinforce the relative safety of anti-TNF monotherapy for the treatment of pediatric IBD.
Patient Knowledge, Risk Perception, and Barriers to Barrett's Esophagus Screening
Authors: Kolb Jennifer M. , Chen Mindy , Tavakkoli Anna , Gallegos Jazmyne , O'Hara Jack , Tarter Wyatt , Hochheimer Camille J. , Golubski Bryan , Kopplin Noa , Hennessey Lilly , Kalluri Anita , Devireddy Shalika , Scott Frank I. , Falk Gary W. , Singal Amit G. , Vajravelu Ravy K. , Wani Sachin 
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Most patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) do not have a previous diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus (BE), demonstrating a failure of current screening practices. An understanding of patient attitudes and barriers is essential to develop and implement interventions to improve BE screening adherence.

METHODS:
We conducted a Web-based survey of patients aged >50 years with chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease at 3 academic medical centers and 1 affiliated safety net health systems. Survey domains included patient characteristics, endoscopy history, familiarity with screening practices, perceived BE/EAC risk, and barriers to screening.

RESULTS:
We obtained a response rate of 22.6% (472/2,084) (74% men, mean age 67.9 years). Self-identified race and ethnicity of participants was 66.5% non-Hispanic White, 20.0% non-Hispanic Black, 13.4% other race, and 7.1% Hispanic. Screening for BE was recommended in only 13.2%, and only 5.3% reported previous screening. Respondents had notable gaps in knowledge about screening indications; only two-thirds correctly identified BE risk factors and only 19.5% believed BE screening was needed for gastroesophageal reflux disease. More than 1 in 5 respondents believed they would get BE (31.9%) or EAC (20.2%) but reported barriers to screening. Compared with White respondents, more Black respondents were concerned about getting BE/EAC and interested in screening but report higher barriers to screening.

DISCUSSION:
Patients at risk for BE, particularly racial and ethnic minorities, are worried about developing EAC but rarely undergo screening and have poor understanding of screening recommendations.