bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extensive hybridization in Ranunculus section Batrachium (Ranunculaceae) in rivers of two postglacial landscapes of East Europe
Authors: Bobrov Alexander A. , Butkuvienė Jurgita , Chemeris Elena V. , Patamsytė Jolanta , Lambertini Carla , Aučina Algis , Sinkevičienė Zofija , Naugžemys Donatas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe demonstrate a wide distribution and abundance of hybrids between the river speciesRanunculus aquatilis,R.fluitansandR.kauffmanniiwith the still water speciesR.circinatus(Batrachium, Ranunculaceae) in rivers of two postglacial landscapes of East Europe, i.e., Lithuania and Central European Russia. TheBatrachiumspecies and hybrid diversity is higher in the rivers of Lithuania (4 species and 3 hybrids vs. 2 and 1) and represented mainly by westernR.aquatilis,R.fluitansand their hybrids whereas in Central European Russia, the East European speciesR.kauffmanniiand its hybrid are the only dominant forms. Hybrids make up about 3/4 of the studied individuals found in 3/4 of the studied river localities in Lithuania and 1/3 of the individuals found in 1/3 of the localities in Central European Russia. Such extensive hybridization in riverBatrachiummay have arisen due to the specificity of rivers as open-type ecosystems. It may have been intensified by the transformation of river ecosystems by human activities and the postglacial character of the studied landscapes combined with ongoing climate change. Almost all hybrids ofR.aquatilis,R.fluitansandR.kauffmanniioriginated from unidirectional crossings in whichR.circinatusacted as a pollen donor. Such crossings could be driven by higher frequency and abundance ofR.circinatuspopulations as well as by some biological mechanisms. Two hybrids,R.circinatus × R.fluitansandR.circinatus × R.kauffmannii, were formally described asR. × redundansandR. × absconditus. We found a hybrid which most likely originated from additional crossing betweenR.aquatilisandR.circinatus × R.fluitans.
Quantitative evaluation of intraorbital optic nerve in optic atrophy using diffusion tensor imaging
Authors: Hong Eun Hee , Yang Jin-Ju , Yeon Yeji , Cho Hyun Soo , Lee Ji Young , Lee Won June , Kim Yu Jeong , Moon Yeji , Lim Han Woong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to quantitatively investigate the microstructural properties of the optic nerve (ON) in vivo using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in patients with unilateral optic atrophy (OA) and to determine their association with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness of the optic nerve head (ONH). Six patients with unilateral OA and 11 control subjects underwent DTI. ONs from ONH to the orbital apex were tracked. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were computed in both ONs and their correlation with RNFL thickness measured using optical coherence tomography was also analyzed. FA of atrophic ON was lower than that of non-affected and control ONs (atrophic [A], 0.136 ± 0.059; non-affected [N], 0.384 ± 0.048; control [C], 0.389 ± 0.053). MD and RD of atrophic ONs were higher than those of non-affected and control ONs (MD, A, 0.988 ± 0.247; N, 0.658 ± 0.058; C, 0.687 ± 0.079; RD, A, 0.920 ± 0.247; N, 0.510 ± 0.054; C, 0.532 ± 0.078). All DTI measures of atrophic ON except for AD showed a significant correlation with RNFL thickness of ONH; FA showed the strongest correlation, followed by RD and MD (FA, R2 = 0.936, P < 0.001; RD, R2 = 0.795, P < 0.001; MD, R2 = 0.655, P = 0.001). This study reports quantitative analysis of the ON using DTI and differences in DTI measures between atrophic and normal ONs. The significant correlation between DTI measures and RNFL thickness suggests the applicability of DTI as a clinical tool to evaluate the ON.
Development of artificial neural networks for early prediction of intestinal perforation in preterm infants
Authors: Son Joonhyuk , Kim Daehyun , Na Jae Yoon , Jung Donggoo , Ahn Ja-Hye , Kim Tae Hyun , Park Hyun-Kyung 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntestinal perforation (IP) in preterm infants is a life-threatening condition that may result in serious complications and increased mortality. Early Prediction of IP in infants is important, but challenging due to its multifactorial and complex nature of the disease. Thus, there are no reliable tools to predict IP in infants. In this study, we developed new machine learning (ML) models for predicting IP in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants and compared their performance to that of classic ML methods. We developed artificial neural networks (ANNs) using VLBW infant data from a nationwide cohort and prospective web-based registry. The new ANN models, which outperformed all other classic ML methods, showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.8832 for predicting IP associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC-IP) and 0.8797 for spontaneous IP (SIP). We tested these algorithms using patient data from our institution, which were not included in the training dataset, and obtained an AUROC of 1.0000 for NEC-IP and 0.9364 for SIP. NEC-IP and SIP in VLBW infants can be predicted at an excellent performance level with these newly developed ML models. https://github.com/kdhRick2222/Early-Prediction-of-Intestinal-Perforation-in-Preterm-Infants.
The non-volatile electrostatic doping effect in MoTe2 field-effect transistors controlled by hexagonal boron nitride and a metal gate
Authors: Khan Muhammad Asghar , Khan Muhammad Farooq , Rehman Shania , Patil Harshada , Dastgeer Ghulam , Ko Byung Min , Eom Jonghwa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe electrical and optical properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) can be effectively modulated by tuning their Fermi levels. To develop a carrier-selectable optoelectronic device, we investigated intrinsically p-type MoTe2, which can be changed to n-type by charging a hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) substrate through the application of a writing voltage using a metal gate under deep ultraviolet light. The n-type part of MoTe2 can be obtained locally using the metal gate pattern, whereas the other parts remain p-type. Furthermore, we can control the transition rate to n-type by applying a different writing voltage (i.e., − 2 to − 10 V), where the n-type characteristics become saturated beyond a certain writing voltage. Thus, MoTe2 was electrostatically doped by a charged h-BN substrate, and it was found that a thicker h-BN substrate was more efficiently photocharged than a thinner one. We also fabricated a p–n diode using a 0.8 nm-thick MoTe2 flake on a 167 nm-thick h-BN substrate, which showed a high rectification ratio of ~ 10−4. Our observations pave the way for expanding the application of TMD-based FETs to diode rectification devices, along with optoelectronic applications.
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase prevents hyperglycemic damage to the zebrafish pronephros in an experimental model for diabetes
Authors: Al-Dahmani Zayana M. , Li Xiaogang , Wiggenhauser Lucas M. , Ott Hannes , Kruithof Paul D. , Lunev Sergey , A. Batista Fernando , Luo Yang , Dolga Amalia M. , Morton Nicholas M. , Groves Matthew R. , Kroll Jens , van Goor Harry 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThiosulfate sulfurtransferase (TST, EC 2.8.1.1), also known as Rhodanese, was initially discovered as a cyanide detoxification enzyme. However, it was recently also found to be a genetic predictor of resistance to obesity-related type 2 diabetes. Diabetes type 2 is characterized by progressive loss of adequate β-cell insulin secretion and onset of insulin resistance with increased insulin demand, which contributes to the development of hyperglycemia. Diabetic complications have been replicated in adult hyperglycemic zebrafish, including retinopathy, nephropathy, impaired wound healing, metabolic memory, and sensory axonal degeneration. Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1) is a key component in pancreas development and mature beta cell function and survival. Pdx1 knockdown or knockout in zebrafish induces hyperglycemia and is accompanied by organ alterations similar to clinical diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy. Here we show that pdx1-knockdown zebrafish embryos and larvae survived after incubation with thiosulfate and no obvious morphological alterations were observed. Importantly, incubation with hTST and thiosulfate rescued the hyperglycemic phenotype in pdx1-knockdown zebrafish pronephros. Activation of the mitochondrial TST pathway might be a promising option for therapeutic intervention in diabetes and its organ complications.
A plasmid network from the gut microbiome of semi-isolated human groups reveals unique and shared metabolic and virulence traits
Authors: Conteville Liliane Costa , Vicente Ana Carolina Paulo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe plasmids in gut microbiomes have the potential to contribute to the microbiome community, as well as human health and physiology. Nevertheless, this niche remains poorly explored. In general, most microbiome studies focus on urban-industrialized groups, but here, we studied semi-isolated groups from South America and Africa, which would represent a link between ancestral and modern human groups. Based on open metagenomic data, we characterized the set of plasmids, including their genes and functions, from the gut microbiome of the Hadza, Matses, Tunapuco, and Yanomami, semi-isolated groups with a hunter, gather or subsistence lifestyle. Unique plasmid clusters and gene functions for each human group were identified. Moreover, a dozen plasmid clusters circulating in other niches worldwide are shared by these distinct groups. In addition, novel and unique plasmids harboring resistance (encompassing six antibiotic classes and multiple metals) and virulence (as type VI secretion systems) genes were identified. Functional analysis revealed pathways commonly associated with urban-industrialized groups, such as lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis that was characterized in the Hadza gut plasmids. These results demonstrate the richness of plasmids in semi-isolated human groups’ gut microbiome, which represents an important source of information with biotechnological/pharmaceutical potential, but also on the spread of resistance/virulence genes to semi-isolated groups.
Experimental and theoretical investigation of acetamiprid adsorption on nano carbons and novel PVC membrane electrode for acetamiprid measurement
Authors: Razavi Razieh , Basij Moslem , Beitollahi Hadi , Panahandeh Saleh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAcetamiprid removal was investigated by synthesized Graphene oxide, multiwall nanotube and graphite from an aqueous solution. For this propose, FT-IR, XRD, UV–Vis, SEM and EDS were used to characterize the synthesized nano adsorbents and to determine the removal process. A novel PVC membrane electrode as selective electrode made for determining the concentration of acetamiprid. Batch adsorption studies were conducted to investigate the effect of temperature, initial acetamiprid concentration, adsorbent type and contact time as important adsorption parameters. The maximum equilibrium time was found to be 15 min for graphene oxide. The kinetics studies showed that the adsorption of acetamiprid followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics mechnism. All the adsorption equilibrium data were well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model and maximum monolayer adsorption capacity 99 percent. Docking data of adsorption have resulted in the same as experimental data in good manner and confirmed the adsorption process.
Cellular mechanisms underlying state-dependent neural inhibition with magnetic stimulation
Authors: Ye Hui , Chen Vincent , Hendee Jenna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNovel stimulation protocols for neuromodulation with magnetic fields are explored in clinical and laboratory settings. Recent evidence suggests that the activation state of the nervous system plays a significant role in the outcome of magnetic stimulation, but the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of state-dependency have not been completely investigated. We recently reported that high frequency magnetic stimulation could inhibit neural activity when the neuron was in a low active state. In this paper, we investigate state-dependent neural modulation by applying a magnetic field to single neurons, using the novel micro-coil technology. High frequency magnetic stimulation suppressed single neuron activity in a state-dependent manner. It inhibited neurons in slow-firing states, but spared neurons from fast-firing states, when the same magnetic stimuli were applied. Using a multi-compartment NEURON model, we found that dynamics of voltage-dependent sodium and potassium channels were significantly altered by the magnetic stimulation in the slow-firing neurons, but not in the fast-firing neurons. Variability in neural activity should be monitored and explored to optimize the outcome of magnetic stimulation in basic laboratory research and clinical practice. If selective stimulation can be programmed to match the appropriate neural state, prosthetic implants and brain-machine interfaces can be designed based on these concepts to achieve optimal results.
A nomogram for predicting three or more axillary lymph node involvement before breast cancer surgery
Authors: Kang Young-Joon , Park Jung Hyun , Ju Young Wook , Kim Kyoung-Eun , Kim Yumi , Lee Eunshin , Lee Han-Byoel , Noh Dong-Young , Han Wonshik 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBased on the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACOSOG)-Z0011, a useful nomogram has been constructed to identify patients who do not require intraoperative frozen sections to evaluate sentinel lymph nodes in the previous study. This study investigated the developed nomogram by ultrasonography (US) and positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) as a modality. In the training set, 89/1030 (8.6%) patients had three or more positive nodes. Larger tumor size, higher grade ultrasonographic ALN classification, and findings suspicious of positive ALN on PET/CT were associated in multivariate analysis. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the nomogram were 0.856 [95% CI 0.815–0.897] in the training set. The AUC in the validation set was 0.866 [95% CI 0.799–0.934]. Application of the nomogram to 1067 patients who met the inclusion criteria of ACOSOG-Z0011 showed that 90 (8.4%) patients had scores above the cut-off and a false-negative result was 37 (3.8%) patients. And the specificity was 93.8%, and the negative predictive value was 96.4%. The upgraded nomogram improved the predictive accuracy, using only US and PET/CT. This nomogram is useful for identifying patients who do not require intraoperative analysis of sentinel lymph nodes and considering candidates for identifying neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The patients consisted of clinical T1-2 and node-negative invasive breast cancer. The training and validation set consisted of 1030 and 781 patients, respectively. A nomogram was constructed by analyzing factors related to three or more axillary lymph node metastases. The patients who matched the ACOSOG-Z0011 criteria were selected and applied to the new nomogram.
Smart factory floor safety monitoring using UWB sensor
Authors: Islam Fabliha Bushra , Lee Jae‐Min , Kim Dong‐Seong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChemical asphyxiation at petrochemical factories can provoke the unconsciousness or death of factory workers through suffocation. Some chemicals vaporize and mix with air without showing any warning properties that raise the risk of oxygen deficiency. In light of this, Industry 5.0 focuses more on human‐centricity than technology‐driven implementations to ensure secured and work‐friendly environments in industries. Recently, research on factory safety management dependent on the Internet of things (IoT) sensors have been executed unwaveringly. In this work, the ultra‐wideband (UWB) sensor is adopted to recognize the motion and breathing pattern of workers in smart factory scenarios. After capturing the data from the UWB sensor in real‐time, the proposed dataset is further inspected by the deep learning (DL) and traditional machine learning (ML) approaches. Twofold detection schemes are considered where the movement and vital patterns are distinguished first by the stacked ensemble (SE) and the long short‐term memory (LSTM) frameworks. The Bayesian optimized ensemble learning (EL) and bidirectional (Bi‐LSTM) models are further occupied to analyze abnormalities in the breathing rate of a worker in the smart shop floors. The investigated outcome shows that the DL frameworks (LSTM and Bi‐LSTM) outperformed the others by acquiring 99.90% and 99.94% accuracy in 147 s and 293 s, respectively. The devised perception indicates prominent attainment to the smart factory shop floor, Internet of medical things (IoMT), the smart city paradigm, and e‐health appliances.
Sub-surface alteration and related change in reflectance spectra of space-weathered materials
Authors: Chrbolková Kateřina , Halodová Patricie , Kohout Tomáš , Ďurech Josef , Mizohata Kenichiro , Malý Petr , Dědič Václav , Penttilä Antti , Trojánek František , Jarugula Rajesh 
Published: July 2022

Context. Airless planetary bodies are studied mainly by remote sensing methods. Reflectance spectroscopy is often used to derive their compositions. One of the main complications for the interpretation of reflectance spectra is surface alteration by space weathering caused by irradiation by solar wind and micrometeoroid particles.
Aims. We aim to evaluate the damage to the samples from H+ and laser irradiation and relate it to the observed alteration in the spectra.
Methods. We used olivine (OL) and pyroxene (OPX) pellets irradiated by 5 keV H+ ions and individual femtosecond laser pulses and measured their visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) spectra. We observed the pellets with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. We studied structural, mineralogical, and chemical modifications in the samples. Finally, we connected the material observations to changes in the reflectance spectra.
Results. In both minerals, H+ irradiation induces partially amorphous sub-surface layers containing small vesicles. In OL pellets, these vesicles are more tightly packed than in OPX ones. Any related spectral change is mainly in the VIS spectral slope. Changes due to laser irradiation are mostly dependent on the material’s melting temperature. Of all the samples, only the laser-irradiated OL contains nanophase Fe particles, which induce detectable spectral slope change throughout the measured spectral range. Our results suggest that spectral changes at VIS-NIR wavelengths are mainly dependent on the thickness of (partially) amorphous sub-surface layers. Furthermore, amorphisation smooths micro-roughness, increasing the contribution of volume scattering and absorption over surface scattering.
Conclusions. Soon after exposure to the space environment, the appearance of partially amorphous sub-surface layers results in rapid changes in the VIS spectral slope. In later stages (onset of micrometeoroid bombardment), we expect an emergence of nanoparticles to also mildly affect the NIR spectral slope. An increase in the dimensions of amorphous layers and vesicles in the more space-weathered material will only cause band-depth variation and darkening.
Positive Predictive Value for the Malignancy of Mammographic
Abnormalities Based on the Presence of an Ultrasound Correlate
Authors: Alshafeiy Taghreed , Patrie James , al-Shatouri Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose To compare the outcomes of different mammographic lesions based on
the presence of an ultrasound (US) correlate and to estimate how often targeted
US can identify such lesions.
Materials and Methods This retrospective study included all consecutive
cases from 2010 to 2016, with Breast Imaging Reporting and Database System
(BI-RADS) categories 4 & 5 who underwent US as part of their diagnostic
workup. We compared the incidence of malignancy between lesions comprising a US
correlate that underwent US-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) and those without a
correlate that underwent stereotactic CNB.
Results 833 lesions met the study criteria and included masses
(64.3%), architectural distortion (19%), asymmetries
(4.6%), and calcifications (12.1%). The CNB-based positive
predictive value (PPV) was higher for lesions with a US correlate than for those
without (40.2% [36.1, 44.4%] vs. 18.9% [14.5,
23.9%], respectively) (p<0.001). Malignancy odds for masses,
asymmetries, architectural distortion, and calcifications were greater by 2.70,
4.17, 4.98, and 2.77 times, respectively, for the US-guided CNB
(p<0.001, p=0.091, p<0.001, and p=0.034,
respectively). Targeted US identified a correlate to 66.3% of the
mammographic findings. The odds of finding a correlate were greater for masses
(77.8%) than architectural distortions (53.8%) (p<0.001)
or calcifications (24.8%) (p<0.001).
Conclusion The success of targeted US in identifying a correlate varies
significantly according to the type of mammographic lesion. The PPV of lesions
with a US correlate was significantly higher than that of those with no
correlate. However, the PPV of lesions with no US correlate is high enough
(18.9%) to warrant a biopsy.
Convexity Dura-Based Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Mimicking Meningioma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Abujarir Raed Hassan , Ayyad Ali , Sotouhy Ahmad , Bozom Essam , Shaaban Ahmed , Kubaissi Aisha Al 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCavernous angioma, cavernoma, cavernous hemangioma, also called cerebral cavernous malformation (when present in the brain), are benign vascular malformations, usually intraparenchymal; however, a few reported cases are in the extra-axial location—as middle cranial fossa, near the cavernous sinuses, and in the cerebellopontine angle—and are rarely reported as dura-based convexity lesion resembling meningioma. We report a giant dura-based, convexity, a cerebral cavernous malformation. We wish to notify the case as occurring at a rare location and a large-sized cerebral cavernous malformation. A case of young female presented with a long-standing history of headache. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs) suggested right occipital dura-based large mass lesion of approximately 5 cm in diameter. The lesion was excised and pathology studies confirmed the diagnosis of a cerebral cavernous malformation. A follow-up MRI confirmed total resection of the lesion and the patient had a smooth postoperative recovery.