bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of patterns of language use and socio-economic status on a constructed response Situational Judgment Test (SJT)
Authors: Pan Xuan , Huang Vivian , Laumbach Sonia , Copeland H. Liesel , Akinola Modupeola , Rosenbaum Daryl , MacIntosh Alexander 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The study explored the impacts of patterns of language use (PLU) and socio-economic status (SES) on Casper, a constructed-response situational judgment test (SJT). 10,266 applicants from two U.S. medical schools were grouped into self-reported balanced bilinguals, unbalanced bilinguals, English monolinguals, and English as a Second Language (ESL) students. A multicomponent SES composite was used to assess the degree of socioeconomic disadvantage. Results from a hierarchical regression analysis showed that after accounting for demographic variables, both PLU and SES were significant factors on applicants’ Casper performance. Bilingualism was associated with better Casper performance compared to English monolinguals and ESL students. No significant effect of speaking English as a native language was found on applicants’ Casper performance. English monolinguals and ESL students performed equivalently on Casper. Finally, high SES was associated with better Casper performance than low SES, and the impact of SES on Casper held the same across all four language groups. These findings provide evidence that socio-cultural factors, such as PLU and SES have important impacts on SJT performance. Further research is needed to understand the role of differences in language construction across socio-cultural factors on constructed-response SJT performance.
White matter tracts alterations underpinning reward and conflict processing
Authors: Mallahzadeh Arashk , Tahvilian Mahdi , Shafie Mahan , Sadeghi Mohammad , Moslemian Golsa , Barzin Pouria , Bemanalizadeh Maryam , Aarabi Mohammad Hadi , Mayeli Mahsa 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundReinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) is proposed as a neurobiological system that eventually led to emotion and motivation-based constructs of personality. Traditionally segmented into the behavioral activation system (BAS) and the behavioral inhibition system (BIS), RST is commonly used to describe personality and behavior. Although there have been studies linking gray matter alterations with BIS/BAS subscales, the role of white matter (WM) integrity is yet controversial. We aimed to investigate the specific WM tracts associated with BIS/BAS scores.Methods224 healthy participants (mean age=39.14 ± 20.23, 80 (35.7%) females) were evaluated using the BIS/BAS questionnaire from the LEMON database. Diffusion MRI connectometry (dMRI) was used to investigate the WM correlates of BIS/BAS subscales. Multiple regression models with the covariates of age and gender were fitted to address the correlation of local connectomes with BIS/BAS components.ResultsdMRI connectometry revealed that the QA value of the splenium of the corpus callosum, right cerebellum, middle cerebellar peduncle, and superior cerebellar peduncle, had a significant negative correlation with ‌each BIS/BAS subscale. In contrast, the QA value in the body of the corpus callosum, left cingulum, and right cingulum showed a positive correlation with BIS/BAS subscales.ConclusionThe integrity of WM in certain tracts may contribute to behavioral activation and inhibition. This finding expands the findings on the neural networks associated with risk-taking and reward-seeking behaviors.
Presentation of the Simple and Accurate Models for Estimating the Individual Hydrogen Bonds Energies of Watson-Crick Base Pairs
Authors: Barkhoda Asyeh , Nowroozi Alireza , Housaindokht Mohammad Reza 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the present study, a couple of simple models were presented to estimate the energy of individual hydrogen bonds in traditional base pairs. In this regard, formamide and formamidine dimers and a set of their derivatives with different functional groups such as F, Cl, Br, CH3, CN, ethynyl, nitroso, and vinyl were considered. All of these structures are optimized by M06-2X and MP2 methods in conjunctions with 6-311 + + G(d,p) basis set. The computational results showed that the hydrogen bond energy in the first method is higher than the MP2 and also the NHN interactions are stronger than the corresponding NHO ones. Moreover, the relationships between the energy hydrogen bonds and all of the geometrical, topological, and molecular orbitals descriptors were also explored. The absolute values of the correlation coefficient (R2) indicated the best linear relationships between the electron density at the hydrogen bond critical point (ρ(r)) and the energy of NHN (R2 = 0.98) and NHO (R2 = 0.82) hydrogen bonds. Based on these equations, it was found that the orders of calculated individual HB energies of the Watson-Crick base pairs are completely similar to the compliance constant model of Gruenberg. Finally, the energy of individual bonds in a set of usual base pairs was evaluated and compared with their complexation energies. The slight difference between ƩEHB and ΔEComp reflects the high accuracy of the proposed models and equations.
Synthesis and evaluation anticancer activity of new 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3- c]pyrazoles derivatives by novel Bismuth-metal organic framework as efficient and reusable nanocatalyst
Authors: Jasim Saade Abdalkareem , Al-Awsi Ghaidaa Raheem Lateef , Qasim Maytham T. , Tukhtaev Jamshid , Al-Gazally Moaed E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Novel Bismuth-metal organic framework (Bi-MOF) with high thermal stability, narrow size distribution and high crystallinity were synthesized by efficient ultrasound assisted inverse micelle. TEM with EDS elemental mapping confirmed the homogenous distribution of related element in final structures. According to the FTIR and different configurations of linker the suggested structures was proposed for Bi-MOF nanostructures. New 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles derivatives were synthesized using novel Bi-MOF and their anticancer properties were evaluated based on MTT method. The results of catalytic activity of Bi-MOF proved that it synthesizes 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles derivatives with higher efficiency in a shorter time than previous reported methods. In the study of anticancer properties, a clear relationship between structure and derivatives and their anticancer properties were observed.
Epidemiology and disease burden among hospital-acquired pneumonia/ventilator-associated pneumonia patients in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chen Guan-Jhou , Chen Shih-Han , Tien Kuei-Lien , Pan Sung-Ching , Chen Yee-Chun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) are one of the major healthcare-associated infection but its burden and financial impact are lesser studied comparing to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The study aims to investigate the disease burden, etiology and the outcome among HAP/VAP patients in Taiwan.
Methods
This is a retrospective study conducted in a teaching hospital in Taiwan. We enrolled patients with HAP/VAP during 1st Jan. 2018 to 31st Dec. 2018. The definition of HAP/VAP was based on definition proposed by the Taiwan Centers of Disease Control and the hospital-wide data was audited prospectively by Center for Infection Control of the hospital. Patients with HAP were further categorized as non-ventilated HAP (nvHAP) and ventilated HAP (vHAP). The burden of HAP/VAP was estimated and the clinical outcomes were compared between nvHAP and vHAP.
Results
In total, 152 episodes of HAP and 8 episodes of VAP were identified. The incidence of HAP was 0.22 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.19–0.26) per 1,000 patients-days while that of VAP was 0.27 (95% CI, 0.12–0.53) per 1,000 ventilator-days. The mortality was similar between vHAP and nvHAP in our cohort (55.6% vs. 62.6%, respectively, p = 0.58). However, vHAP was associated with higher length of hospital stay (56 vs. 37 days, p < 0.001) and medical expenses (787,621 vs. 455,347 New Taiwan Dollar, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The study provides the infection incidence density of HAP and VAP in a tertiary care hospital. Due to the disease burden and the medical cost, prevention and treatment of HAP and VAP are an important element of infection control.
Extracellular volume fraction derived from routine chest dual-energy CT for the characterization of breast tumor: Comparison with apparent diffusion coefficient and validation against histopathological findings
Authors: Wang Xiaoxia , Du Lihong , Cao Ying , Chen Huifang , Shi Jinfang , Zeng Xiangfei , Lan Xiaosong , Huang Haiping , Lin Meng , Zhang Xiaoyue , Zhang Jiuquan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Tumor aggressiveness and therapeutic response are influenced not only by cancer cells but also by the extracellular matrix in tumor microenvironment, which can be quantified by extracellular volume (ECV) fraction derived from dual-energy CT (DECT). We aimed to investigate the feasibility of using routine chest DECT-derived ECV fraction for the characterization of breast tumor, compared to apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and validated against histopathological findings.Methods: The ECV fraction and ADC value were retrospectively assessed in patients with breast tumor using routine chest DECT and breast MRI, respectively. The diagnostic performance in predicting the histopathological characteristics [benign vs. malignant, invasive carcinoma vs. ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)], immunohistochemical biomarker status and pathological complete response (pCR) status. Histopathological sections (H&E staining) were analyzed to assess histopathological ECV by digital image analysis. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to correlate between DECT-derived ECV and histopathological ECV fractions.Results: This study included 271 patients, with 314 breast lesions (61 benign and 253 malignant). The ECV fraction and ADC value showed comparable area under the curve (AUC) for distinguishing benign from malignant lesions (0.777 and 0.822, p = 0.123) and invasive carcinoma from DCIS (0.640 and 0.727, p = 0.115). There were significant differences in ECV fraction between different hormone receptor and Ki67 states (p = 0.001 ~ 0.014), while ADC values only differed among various Ki67 states (p < 0.001). The ECV fraction was lower (p = 0.007), while the ADC value was higher (p = 0.013) in the pCR than in the non-pCR group, with an AUC value of 0.748 and 0.730 (p = 0.887), respectively. There was a positive correlation between DECT-derived ECV and histopathological ECV fractions (r = 0.615, p < 0.01).Conclusions: Routine chest DECT-derived ECV fraction is a viable quantitative imaging biomarker for the characterization of breast tumor.
Prevalence and Risk factors for Sarcopenia in Thai Patients with Rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kieattisaksopon Suppavich , Narongroeknawin Pongthorn , Muangpaisan Weerasak , Varothai Narittaya , Katchamart Wanruchada 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Sarcopenia is characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength, and/or decreased physical performance leading to increased all-cause mortality. We studied the prevalence and risk factors for sarcopenia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Method A prospective cross-sectional study of 182 adult patients with RA. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment. The body impedance analyzer was used to estimate body composition. Hand grip dynamometer and six-meter walk test were performed to evaluate muscle strength and physical performance, respectively. Results Number (26.4%) patients had sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was common in females, older age, lower body mass index (BMI), and poorer nutritional status. Advanced age [hazard ratio (HR) 1.07 (95% CI 1.02–1.11), p = 0.002], low BMI [HR (95% CI) 0.81 (0.72–0.90), p < 0.001], high disease activity [HR (95% CI) 1.64 (1.22–2.12), p = 0.045], and depression [HR (95% CI) 1.18 (1.01–1.37), p = 0.04] were independently associated with sarcopenia.Conclusion Sarcopenia was found to be common in Thai RA, and its independent risk factors are age, disease activity, BMI, and depression. Well-controlled disease activity may be beneficial for preventing or minimizing sarcopenia and improving patient outcomes.
Backbone amides are key determinants of Cl− selectivity in CLC ion channels
Authors: Leisle Lilia , Lam Kin , Dehghani-Ghahnaviyeh Sepehr , Fortea Eva , Galpin Jason , Ahern Christopher , Tajkhorshid Emad , Accardi Alessio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Chloride homeostasis is tightly regulated in cellular compartments by dedicated channels and transporters. Whereas CLC-type channels select for Cl− over other anions, all other ‘chloride’ channels are indiscriminate in their anionic permeability. Pore-lining side chains are thought to determine Cl− selectivity in CLC channels. However, orientation and functional roles of these side chains is not conserved among CLCs. All CLC pores are lined by backbone amides in a conserved structural arrangement, suggesting a role of mainchain groups in selectivity. We replaced pore-lining residues in the CLC-0 and bCLC-k channels with their respective α-hydroxy acid counterparts using nonsense suppression method. This exchanges peptide-bond amides with ester-bond oxygens, incapable of hydrogen-bonding with permeating anions. Backbone substitutions functionally degrade inter-anion discrimination in a site-specific manner. These effects depend on the presence of a glutamate side chain that competes with ions permeating through the pore. Molecular dynamics simulations show that ion energetics within the bCLC-k pore are primarily determined by interactions with backbone amides. Insertion of an α-hydroxy acid significantly alters ion selectivity and global pore hydration. We propose that backbone amides are conserved determinants of Cl− specificity in CLC channels in a mechanism reminiscent of that described for K+ channels.
Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 clinical isolates
Authors: Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Uraki Ryuta , Halfmann Peter , Iida Shun , Yamayoshi Seiya , Furusawa Yuri , Kiso Maki , Ito Mutsumi , Iwatsuki-Horimoto Kiyoko , Mine Sohtaro , Kuroda Makoto , Maemura Tadashi , Sakai Yuko , Ueki Hiroshi , Li Rong , Liu Yanan , Larson Deanna , Fukushi Shuetsu , Watanabe Shinji , Maeda Ken , Pekosz Andrew , Kandeil Ahmed , Webby Richard , Wang Zhongde , Imai Masaki , Suzuki Tadaki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The BA.2 sublineage of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has become dominant in most countries around the world; however, the prevalence of BA.4 and BA.5 is increasing rapidly in several regions. BA.2 is less pathogenic in animal models than previously circulating variants of concern (VOC). Compared with BA.2, however, BA.4 and BA.5 possess additional substitutions in the spike protein, which play a key role in viral infectivity, raising concerns that the infectivity and pathogenicity of BA.4 and BA.5 are higher than those of BA.2. Here, we evaluated the replicative ability and pathogenicity of authentic BA.4 and BA.5 isolates in wild-type Syrian hamsters and human ACE2 (hACE2) transgenic hamsters. In contrast to recent data with a recombinant chimeric virus possessing the spike protein of BA.4/BA.5 in the background of a BA.2 strain, we observed no obvious differences among BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 isolates in growth ability or pathogenicity in hamsters, and less pathogenicity compared to a previously circulating Delta (B.1.617.2 lineage) isolate. In addition, in vivo competition experiments revealed that BA.5 outcompeted BA.2 in hamsters, whereas BA.4 and BA.2 exhibited similar fitness. These findings suggest that BA.4 and BA.5 have similar pathogenicity to BA.2 in rodents and that BA.5 possesses viral fitness superior to that of BA.2. Our study highlights the importance of using authentic isolates when evaluating virological features.
Choriocarcinoma syndrome of primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma after lung lobe resection: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Chen Chen , Li Yi , Liu Zhenjun , Ji Juan , Zhao Pei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma (PPC) is extremely rare, especially in males. It is characterized by a poor response to therapy and shortened survival times. Here, we report a PPC case that was complicated by choriocarcinoma syndrome (CS) and present a review of the literature.
Case presentation:
A 59-year-old man with a 30-pack-year smoking history was referred to our hospital because of haemoptysis and chest pain. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) showed multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules and multiple metastases throughout the body. The patient underwent single-port thoracoscopic wedge resection of the right lung upper lobe. Histological examinations verified the diagnosis of choriocarcinoma. Three days after the operation, the patient developed massive haemoptysis. A bronchoscopic examination showed bleeding from the bilateral main bronchus. Despite management in the intensive care unit (ICU), the patient died two weeks after surgery.
Conclusions
For advanced choriocarcinoma cases, minimally invasive or even non-invasive procedures are more suitable to avoid inducing CS. When patients with a high tumour mass and elevated tumour markers, we need to be alert to the occurrence of CS. Surgery and modified chemotherapy, based on the physical condition of the patient, may currently be the best therapy for PPC.
Beamspace maximum likelihood algorithm based on sum and difference beams for elevation estimation
Authors: chen Sheng , Zhao Yongbo , Hu Yili , Pang Xiaojiao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Beamspace super-resolution methods for elevation estimation in multipath environment has attracted significant attention, especially beamspace maximum likelihood (BML) algorithm. However, the difference beam is rarely used in super-resolution methods, especially in low elevation estimation. The target airspace information in the difference beam is different from the target airspace information in the sum beam. And the use of difference beams will not significantly increase the complexity of the system and algorithms. Thus, this paper applies the difference beam to the beamformer to improve the elevation estimation performance of BML algorithm. And the direction and number of beams can be adjusted according to the actual needs. The theoretical target elevation angle root mean square error (RMSE) and the computational complexity of proposed algorithms are analyzed. Finally, our computer simulations and real data processing results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
A Compact Half Dumbbell shaped MIMO antenna for LTE, WLAN and WiMAX Applications
Authors: G Haridoss , J JENCY RUBIA , Kavitha S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Mobile communication acts an inevitable part in modern communication technology. LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the most recent mobile connectivity standard, offering high data rates, increased channel bandwidth, and reduced multipath fading. The purpose of this manuscript is to design a compact half dumbbell shaped antenna which supports Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output for LTE, WiMAX and WLAN application. The designed half dumbbell antenna involves of two “Half Dumbbell” shaped patch with slot and revised pound plane is elevated with dual stub in the pounded plane. Dual stubs embedded in the pound plane minimize mutual coupling between radiating components, while a slot on the radiating element increases bandwidth for triple band characteristics. High isolation is achieved using two thin stubs in the pound plane. It has simple structure and compact size of 52 X 22 mm 2 . From the analysis report the Return loss reflects good compatible between replicated and determined outcomes. This design gives an efficiency of more than 85% over the operating bands of MIMO antenna.
Barrierepotenziale von Schulhöfen durch Analysebeispiele identifizieren lernen
Authors: Bükers Frederik , Heemsoth Tim 
Published: July 2022

Im Zentrum des Beitrags steht mit „Ab in die Pause!“ eine Lernumgebung der inklusionsorientierten Lehrer*innenausbildung, die den Lernort Schulhof in den Fokus der Barrierefreiheit stellt. Der Prämisse folgend, dass der Schulhof als prädestinierter Ort informellen Lernens für eine heterogene Schüler*innenschaft zugänglich und nutzbar respektive barrierefrei sein sollte, wird die Fähigkeit zur Identifikation von potenziellen Barrieren materiell-räumlicher Art als Komponente professioneller Kompetenz seitens der Lehrkraft begründet. Es wird dargelegt wie eben diese Fähigkeit mittels eines Vorgehens im Sinne des beispielbasierten Lernens gelingen kann und es werden ausgewählte Evaluationsergebnisse einer ersten Erprobung präsentiert. Abschließend werden Chancen und Grenzen des Vorgehens aufgezeigt, ehe auch Vorschläge für künftige Forschung skizziert werden.

Abstract
The article presents with "Off to the playground!" a learning environment that focuses on the accessibility of school playgrounds. Following the premise that the school playground is a predestined place of informal learning, it should be barrier-free and accessible for heterogeneous users, and teachers should take care of this. Accordingly, the article justifies the identification of potential barriers as a component of professional teacher competence. It explains how such an ability can be promoted within a learning environment in the sense of example-based learning. The article ends with a presentation of selected evaluation results of a first testing and highlights the potentials and limitations of the approach before it proposes suggestions for future research.
Development and Quality Evaluation of Quick-Frozen Fruit-and-Berry Desserts
Authors: Guseynova Batuch , Asabutaev Islam , Daudova Tatyana 
Published: July 2022

New functional foods based on local vegetal raw materials can accelerate the implementation of the Strategy for Improving Food Quality in the Russian Federation through 2030. The present research aimed at developing formulations and technology for new functional quick-frozen fruit-and-berry desserts.
The study featured four dessert mixes: apricot-persimmon-buckthorn, apricot-feijoa-sloeberry, apricot-persimmon-cornel, and apricot-feijoa-currant. The quality of the finished products was evaluated using conventional methods according to the mass concentration of sugars, solids, pectin, titrated acids, vitamin C, β-carotene, and minerals. The desserts were tested for toxic elements based on the atomic absorption method. The microbiological safety parameters were determined after six months of refrigeration storage (t = –18°C) using standard methods.
The physicochemical data made it possible to design formulations where all components complemented each other’s beneficial properties. To stabilize the quality and obtain the optimal structural and mechanical properties, the formulations were completed with a sugar-pectin solution (380 g per 1 kg) with 30% sugar and 1.3% pectin. The mass concentration of some biologically active substances made the desserts functional: 250 g of each product satisfied the daily intake of pectin substances by 51.9–61.3%, vitamin C – by 42.9–123.4%, β-carotene – by 22.5–47.5%, iron – by 8.9–20.5%, and iodine – by 13.3–30.0%.
The new quick-frozen functional fruit-and-berry desserts proved to have advanced organoleptic indices and met the safety requirements provided by Technical Regulations of Customs Union TR TC 021/2011.