bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eine zu Unrecht vergessene Novelle Werner Bergengruens: „Der Strom“ als Rezeptionsmedium mittelalterlicher Literatur im zwanzigsten Jahrhundert
Authors: Classen Albrecht 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDieser Aufsatz bietet eine erste tiefergehende Interpretation einer der besten Novellen des baltisch‐deutschen Autors Werner Bergengruen (1892–1964), der noch bis in die siebziger Jahre hinein hohes Ansehen genoss, der aber anschließend geradezu systematisch aus vielerlei, vor allem aber politischen Gründen aus der Öffentlichkeit verdrängt wurde. Literaturwissenschaftliches Arbeiten muss sich aber davor hüten, subjektiv‐ideologische Kriterien zu verfolgen oder sich einem kanonischen Denken zu verschreiben. Die Tatsache selbst, dass Bergengruen sozusagen über Nacht jedenfalls im germanistischen Kontext zu einer Person non grata wurde, verdient der kritischen Analyse insbesondere im Licht seiner vielleicht aussagekräftigsten aber weitgehend unbekannten Novelle „Der Strom“. Wie die Untersuchung erhellt, griff Bergengruen hier auf eine alte, bis ins Mittelalter zurückreichende literarische Tradition zurück, gestaltete aber den Stoff für seine eigenen Zwecke neuartig um: auf der einen Seite können wir feststellen, dass Bergengruen zu den wichtigsten Vertreterm des Medievalism im zwanzigsten Jahrhundert gehörte, auf der anderen lässt sich nachweisen, dass der doch sehr begabte Autor zu Unrecht in den Schatten gerückt wurde, obwohl er doch sehr eindrucksvoll mittels mittelalterlicher Motive tiefgründig über die Bedeutung des Lebens reflektierte.
Inter‐State climate technology transfer under the UNFCCC: A benefit‐sharing approach
Authors: Sharman Nicola 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe use of the concept of fair and equitable benefit‐sharing has proliferated across a number of international environmental legal regimes in various contexts. However, its potential application to inter‐State obligations of financing, technology transfer and capacity‐building remains underexplored. This article aims to contribute to this theoretical discussion by assessing how the concept could be applied to technology transfer obligations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). While the UNFCCC's technology transfer obligations are framed within the principles of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities, this article proposes that application of an additional legal principle of fair and equitable benefit‐sharing could not only be possible but also bring added value to the regime. Following an analysis of the concept's key features and the legal framework for technology transfer under the UNFCCC, the basis for conceptualizing inter‐State climate technology transfer as benefit‐sharing is examined. The potential significance and value of incorporating benefit‐sharing principles into this legal and policy context is then evaluated. From a procedural standpoint, it could reinforce the need to understand local perspectives and engage in collaborative approaches. In terms of its substantive implications, a benefit‐sharing lens could also inform and bridge understandings of equity, promote diversification of implementation approaches and encourage more transformative forms of technological capacity‐building.
Factors associated with 6‐min walk distance in severe asthma: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pitzner‐Fabricius Anders , Clark Vanessa L. , Backer Vibeke , Gibson Peter G. , McDonald Vanessa M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveExercise capacity is associated with health‐related quality of life and symptom control in severe asthma. Thus, interventions targeting exercise capacity are likely to be beneficial. However, clinical and biological factors impacting exercise capacity in severe asthma are sparsely investigated. We aimed to describe the association of selected clinical and biological factors with 6‐min walk distance (6MWD) in adults with severe asthma and investigate the impact of sex on these outcomes.MethodsA cross‐sectional study in adults with severe asthma was conducted. Exercise capacity was measured by 6‐min walk test, and association between 6MWD and predictors were evaluated using multiple linear regression.ResultsA total of 137 patients (females, 85; median age, 59 years) were recruited. Overall, asthma control (−15.2 m, 95% CI −22.6 to −7.7; p = 0.0001) and BMI (−3.2 m, 95% CI −5.1 to −1.3; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with exercise capacity (adjusted variance, adj. R2 = 0.425). In females, 5‐item Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ‐5; p = 0.005) and BMI (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with 6MWD (adj. R2 = 0.423). In males, a 0.5‐point increase in ACQ‐5 was associated with a decrease in 6MWD by 10.2 m (95% CI −22.8 to 2.4; p = 0.11), but no clinical nor biological factors reached statistical significance (adj. R2 = 0.393).ConclusionAsthma symptoms and BMI were associated with exercise capacity in the overall population. Optimizing these factors may enhance the ability of patients to improve their exercise capacity and gain the associated positive health outcomes, but further studies are warranted.
Mortality in elderly patients starting hemodialysis program
Authors: Toapanta Néstor , Comas Jordi , León Román Juan , Ramos Natalia , Azancot María , Bestard Oriol , Tort Jaume , Soler María José 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground: The incidence of older patients over 80 years old with chronic kidney disease who start hemodialysis (HD) program has been increasing in the last decade. Methods: We aimed to identify risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients older than 80 years with end‐stage renal disease who started HD. We conducted a retrospective observational study of the Catalan Renal registry (RMRC). Results: A total of 2833 patients equal or older than 80 years (of 15,137) who started HD between 2002 and 2019 from the RMRC were included in the study. In this group, the first dialysis was performed through an arteriovenous fistula in 44%, percutaneous catheter in 28.2%, and tunneled catheter in 26.6%. Conventional dialysis was used in 65.7% and online HD in 34.3%. The most frequent cause of death was cardiac disease (21.8%), followed by social problems (20.4%) and infections (15.9%). Overall survival in older HD during the first year was 84% versus 91% in younger than 80 years (p < 0.001). Cox regression analysis identified the start of HD in the period 2002–2010, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the onset of HD through vascular graft depicted as risk factors for first‐year mortality after dialysis initiation in patients older than 80 years with end‐stage renal disease who started HD. Conclusions: In conclusion, patients older than 80 years who started HD program had higher mortality, especially those who presented exacerbation of kidney disease, those with COPD, and those who started with a vascular graft.
3D printed cannulas for use in laparoscopic surgery in feline patients: A cadaveric study and case series
Authors: Buote Nicole J. , Porter Ian , Dakin Gregory F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate custom 3D printed laparoscopic cannulas (3DPC) in a feline cadaveric abdominal surgery model and report their use in two live feline subjects.Study designExperimental cadaver study, live subject case series.AnimalsTen feline cadavers; two feline subjects.MethodsCustom 3DPCs were initially modeled in a PLA filament material and then created in an autoclavable dental resin for use in live patients. The surgery time, number of surgical collisions and cannula complications were recorded during cadaver procedures before and after use of 3DPCs. Cannula complications were recorded during live procedures and patients were followed to suture removal to record any incisional complications.ResultsThere was a significant reduction in mean surgical time (125.6 vs. 95.2 min, p = 0.03), mean number of instrument collisions (6.8 vs. 2.6, p = 0.03), and mean number of cannula complications (10 vs. 2.2, p = 0.03) with the use of only 3DPCs during the procedure. During the live procedures the use of the 3DPCs was successful and no postoperative complications occurred at the incision sites.ConclusionThe use of customized 3DPCs may improve surgical dexterity and decrease complications in advanced procedures and was not associated with any clinical complications in two cats. The use of 3DPCs in veterinary medicine may allow for wider practice of laparoscopic techniques in small animals.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Social Science Studies, Vol. 10, No. 4
Authors: Young James 
Published: July 2022

International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 4Ahmet Yıkmış, Abant Izzet Baysal Univeersity, TurkeyAntónio Calha, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, PortugalAurora Pestaño, University of San Jose Recoletos (USJR), PhilippinesBo Li, Miami University, USAEncarnación ABAD ARENAS, National University of Distance Education (UNED), SpainFahri ÖZSUNGUR, Adana Science and Technology University, TurkeyIvan Lenard, Elementary school Ladimirevci, CroatiaJehu Onyekwere Nnaji, University of Naples II, Italy and Globe Visions Network Italy, ItalyMd. Nasir Uddin, Prime Minister’s Office, BangladeshMei-Ling Lin, National Open University, TaiwanMichael Brooks, North Carolina A&T State University, USANAZIAH ABD. KADIR, Universiti Selangor, MalaysiaPatricia Wiener, Center for Human Studies and Neuropsychology, BoliviaRachita Shrivastava Roy, Department of Higher Education,Chhatisgarh-India, IndiaRima Meilita Sari, STKIP Al-Washliyah, IndonesiaRonaldo R. Larioque, NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, PhilippinesSana Ali, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, PakistanShyue Chuan CHONG, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, MalaysiaSusheelabai Srinivasa, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United StatesWahyu Nugroho, Sahid University of Jakarta, IndonesiaXian-Liang Tian, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, ChinaYusramizza Md Isa, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia James YoungEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of Social Science StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://ijsss.redfame.com
Design of a Multi-Objective Lateral Controller for Highly Automated Vehicles
Authors: Ayberk Umur Ilhan , Öncü Sinan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the design of a multi-objective lateral controller for highly automated vehicles. Higher levels of automation require vehicles to resolve complex situations and orchestrate the underlying vehicle controllers such that in the event of a conflicting situation, the car is able to make the appropriate decision on which controller/objective to prioritize. We formulate the problem as hybrid switched system where event-triggered decision-making algorithms can be considered together with the lower-level dynamics and control-related objectives. To this end, a model regulator-based yaw rate controller and a path following controller are orchestrated through hybrid model predictive control (HMPC). We demonstrate the validity and robustness of the presented method through simulations where the automated vehicle is subjected to various scenarios with conflicting objectives and operating conditions. We show that robustness against model uncertainty is achieved by the yaw dynamic regulator and we also demonstrate that the hybrid controller orchestrates the switched modes provided by the regulator to achieve path tracking under conflicting objectives.
Small bowel stomas are associated with higher risk of circulating food-specific-IgG than patients with organic gastrointestinal conditions and colostomies
Authors: Carson Walker K , Baumert Joseph L , Clarke Jennifer L , Izard Jacques 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThe effects of food sensitivity can easily be masked by other digestive symptoms in ostomates and are unknown. We investigated food-specific-IgG presence in ostomates relative to participants affected by other digestive diseases.DesignFood-specific-IgG was evaluated for 198 participants with a panel of 109 foods. Immunocompetency status was also tested. Jejunostomates, ileostomates and colostomates were compared with individuals with digestive tract diseases with inflammatory components (periodontitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, duodenitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease and appendicitis), as well as food malabsorption due to intolerance. A logistic regression model with covariates was used to estimate the effect of the experimental data and demographic characteristics on the likelihood of the immune response.ResultsJejunostomates and ileostomates had a significant risk of presenting circulating food-specific-IgG in contrast to colostomates (OR 12.70 (p=0.002), 6.19 (p=0.011) and 2.69 (p=0.22), respectively). Crohn’s disease, eosinophilic esophagitis and food malabsorption groups also showed significantly elevated risks (OR 4.67 (p=0.048), 8.16 (p=0.016) and 18.00 (p=0.003), respectively), but not the ulcerative colitis group (OR 2.05 (p=0.36)). Individuals with profoundly or significantly reduced, and mild to moderately reduced, levels of total IgG were protected from the formation of food-specific IgG (OR 0.09 (p=<0.001) and 0.33 (p=0.005), respectively). Males were at higher risk than females.ConclusionThe strength of a subject’s immunocompetence plays a role in the intensity to which the humoral system responds via food-specific-IgG. An element of biogeography emerges in which the maintenance of a colonic space might influence the risk of having circulating food-specific-IgG in ostomates.
Asserting public health interest in acting on commercial determinants of health in sub-Saharan Africa: insights from a discourse analysis
Authors: Loewenson Rene , Godt Sue , Chanda-Kapata Pascalina 
Published: July 2022

The actors influencing the commercial determinants of health (CDOH) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have different interests and lenses around the costs and benefits of market influences in health. We analysed the views and priorities on CDOH in the discourse of global and regional agencies, SSA governments, private investors and companies, civil society and academia through a desk review of online publications post-2010, validated by purposively selected key informant interviews.The most polarised views were between civil society and academia on one hand, focused more on harms, and private business/investors on the other, almost exclusively focused on benefits. Others had mixed messaging, encouraging partnerships with commercial actors for health benefits and also voicing cautions over negative health impacts. Views also differed between transnational and domestic business and investors.Three areas of discourse stood out, demonstrating also tensions between commercial and public health objectives. These were the role of human rights as fundamental for or obstacle to engaging commercial practice in health; the development paradigm and role of a neoliberal political economy generating harms or opportunities for health; and the implications of commercial activity in health services. COVID-19 has amplified debate, generating demand for public sectors to incentivise commercial activity to ‘modernise’ and digitise health services and meet funding gaps and generating new thinking and engagement on domestic production of key health inputs.Power plays a critical role in CDOH. Commercial actors in SSA increase their influence through discursive and agential forms of power and take advantage of the structural power gained from a dominant view of free markets and for-profit commerce as essential for well-being. As a counterfactual, we found and present options for using these same three forms of narrative, agential and structural power to proactively advance public health objectives and leadership on CDOH in SSA.
Reforming DoLS: liberty protection safeguards
Authors: Shortis Elizabeth Jane , Newton-Clarke Anna Jane , Verma Anish , Allen Deborah Emma , Viola Elizabeth , Metcalfe Neil H 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

From April 2022, current Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DoLS) will be replaced by Liberty Protection Safeguards (LPS). This review article outlines key information about these changes for patients, carers and healthcare professionals, for whom a deprivation of liberty may be relevant.
Deprivation of liberty occurs within healthcare settings when someone’s freedoms are limited in order to meet their care needs and lack capacity to consent to these arrangements. DoLS, enacted in 2009, ensured that patients deprived of liberties in care settings have similar rights to patients held under the Mental Health Act 1983. However, DoLS have been extensively criticised and considered unfit for purpose, therefore are being replaced by LPS.
LPS intend to provide a more robust protection to a wider group of vulnerable people. This includes changes to patient age, transferability between a wider range of care settings, a reduced number of assessments for authorisation and less frequent reauthorisations.

What is already known on this topic

What this study adds

How this study might affect research, practice or policy
Nicotine pouch marketing strategies in the USA: an analysis of Zyn, On! and Velo
Authors: Duan Zongshuan , Henriksen Lisa , Vallone Donna , Rath Jessica M , Evans W Douglas , Romm Katelyn F , Wysota Christina , Berg Carla J 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionNicotine pouches are gaining popularity, yet their marketing is understudied.MethodsUsing Numerator advertising data from January 2019 to September 2021 regarding three popular brands of nicotine pouch in the USA—Zyn (by Swedish Match, introduced in the USA in July 2016), On! (Altria, August 2016) and Velo (RJ Reynolds, July 2019)—we examined (1) general advertising characteristics (eg, media type, year); (2) ad content (ie, headlines and imagery themes); (3) prominent media channels (ie, specific websites, magazines, etc); and (4) ad expenditures.ResultsThere were 286 unique ads (Zyn: 44.4%; On!: 2.8%; Velo: 52.8%), 119 143 occurrences (Zyn: 3.5%; On!: 0.5%; Velo: 96.0%) and $24 774 650 total expenditures (Zyn: 4.7%; On!: 0.6%; Velo: 94.7%). The greatest proportion of ad occurrences and expenditures were accounted for by radio (75.9% and 28.2%, respectively) and television (16.2% and 56.5%), followed by mobile (0.5% and 7.2%) and online display (6.7% and 3.6%). Across ad occurrences and expenditures, prominent headline themes included ‘freedom’ (26.0% and 17.1%, respectively), ‘brand’ (9.6% and 18.6%) and ‘flavour’ (16.4% and 7.6%); images mainly featured the product alone (61.4% and 56.1%), text (16.2% and 24.6%) or men (8.7% and 8.6%); and prominent channel themes were entertainment (34.7% and 37.3%), news/weather (14.3% and 21.7%), business/finance (12.9% and 9.0%) and sports (9.5% and 1.0%). Zyn and On! prioritised online display and print; Velo prioritised radio and television. Zyn’s and Velo’s headlines focused on ‘freedom’, with Zyn also emphasising ‘brand’ and Velo ‘innovation’; On!’s headlines emphasised ‘flavour’.ConclusionsRegulatory efforts must be informed by surveillance of nicotine pouch marketing and impacts on consumer subgroups (eg, young people).
Race Differences in the Associations between Menstrual Cycle Characteristics and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Nash Rebecca , Johnson Courtney E. , Harris Holly R. , Peres Lauren C. , Joslin Charlotte E. , Bethea Traci N. , Bandera Elisa V. , Ochs-Balcom Heather M. , Myers Evan R. , Guertin Kristin A. , Camacho Fabian , Beeghly-Fadiel Alicia , Moorman Patricia G. , Setiawan V. Wendy , Rosenberg Lynn , Schildkraut Joellen M. , Wu Anna H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background:
Menstrual cycle characteristics—including age at menarche and cycle length— have been associated with ovarian cancer risk in White women. However, the associations between menstrual cycle characteristics and ovarian cancer risk among Black women have been sparsely studied.

Methods:
Using the Ovarian Cancer in Women of African Ancestry (OCWAA) Consortium that includes 1,024 Black and 2,910 White women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and 2,325 Black and 7,549 White matched controls, we investigated associations between menstrual cycle characteristics (age at menarche, age at menstrual regularity, cycle length, and ever missing three periods) and EOC risk by race and menopausal status. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:
Black women were more likely to be &lt;11 years at menarche than White women (controls: 9.9% vs. 6.0%). Compared with ≥15 years at menarche, &lt;11 years was associated with increased EOC risk for White (OR = 1.25; 95% CI, 0.99–1.57) but not Black women (OR = 1.10; 95% CI, 0.80–1.55). Among White women only, the association was greater for premenopausal (OR = 2.20; 95% CI, 1.31–3.68) than postmenopausal women (OR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.82–1.38). Irregular cycle length was inversely associated with risk for White (OR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.62–0.99) but not Black women (OR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.68–1.66).

Conclusions:
Earlier age at menarche and cycle irregularity are associated with increased EOC risk for White but not Black women.

Impact:
Associations between menstrual cycle characteristics and EOC risk were not uniform by race.
Phase Ib Study of the BET Inhibitor GS-5829 as Monotherapy and Combined with Enzalutamide in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Aggarwal Rahul , Starodub Alexander N. , Koh Brian D. , Xing Guan , Armstrong Andrew J. , Carducci Michael A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
A phase Ib study (1604) was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of GS-5829, an oral bromodomain and extraterminal inhibitor, alone and in combination with enzalutamide in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). A phase I study (1599) in solid tumors/lymphoma was also conducted.

Patients and Methods:
Men with confirmed mCRPC and disease progression despite abiraterone and/or enzalutamide treatment were enrolled in a 3 + 3 dose escalation paradigm starting at 2 mg daily with GS-5829 alone and in combination with 160 mg daily enzalutamide. The primary efficacy endpoint was nonprogression rate at week 24; secondary endpoints included prostate-specific antigen reduction from baseline, progression-free survival, and GS-5829 pharmacokinetics (PK). PK and safety were also evaluated in Study 1599.

Results:
Thirty-one men, with a median of five prior regimens, received at least 1 dose of study drug in Study 1604. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE) were reported in 94% of patients; 16% discontinued for TEAEs. There were no dose-dependent increases in the AUCtau or Cmax after once-daily administration of GS-5829 2 to 9 mg, and biomarkers CCR2 inhibition and HEXIM1 induction were increased only at higher doses of monotherapy. A high degree of interpatient variability existed across all doses in PK and pharmacodynamic parameters. The proportion with nonprogression at week 24, estimated by Kaplan–Meier model, was 25% (95% confidence interval, 10–42) for all treated patients.

Conclusions:
GS-5829 was generally tolerated but demonstrated limited efficacy and lack of dose proportional increases in plasma concentrations in patients with mCRPC.