bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correct treatment regimen and inhalation technique are the components of success in bronchial asthma in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Belotserkovskaya Yu. G. , Romanovskikh A. G. , Smirnov I. P. 
Published: October 2022

The goal of Asthma treatment is to achieve a controlled condition, that is, to minimize the burden of symptoms and the risk of exacerbations. Many factors hinder the achievement of this goal: non-compliance with recommendations for drug therapy, the influence of concomitant diseases, the impact of triggers, low patient adherence to prescribed treatment, violation of inhalation technique. In general, there is no significant difference in the risk of hospitalization or mortality due to COVID-19 in patients with Asthma. At the same time, studies show that non-allergic Asthma, severe Asthma, Asthma in combination with obesity, lack of adequate basic therapy can create the greatest risk of infection and severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19. Asthma can be a predictor of a prolonged intubation period in severe respiratory failure during COVID-19, especially in people younger than 65 years. GINA experts agree that during a pandemic, it is especially important that patients with Asthma continue taking basic therapy, including inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), as prescribed by the recommendations. ICS therapy in combination with long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) is the main pharmacological method of treating moderate and severe Asthma in adolescents and adults. A single inhaler regimen with the use of a combination of ICS/formoterol is associated with a lower risk of severe exacerbations compared with supportive treatment of ICS/LABA in combination with SABA on demand. Studies show that the technique of inhalation maneuver can significantly affect the success of therapy. A wide variety of DPI causes problems with the choice and use by patients.
Some features of the course of viral pneumonia in obesity
Authors: Minakov A. A. , Salukhov V. V. , Kharitonov M. A. , Zagorodnikov G. G. , Voloshin N. I. 
Published: October 2022

Intriduction. In the last decade, conflicting data has appeared that the presence of obesity in patients with several diseases not only does not worsen, but even improves their prognosis, which is called the “obesity paradox”. The role of elevated body mass index in patients with coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) remains unclear.Aim. To study the features of the course of pneumonia in young and middle-aged men depending on the body mass index.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis has investigated and it included 451 young and middle-aged men who underwent inpatient treatment for COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients were randomized according to body mass index into groups: normal nutrition (N), overnutrition (On), obesity (Ob). Clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed using statistical analysis.Results and discussion. In patients with obesity, the causative agent of pneumonia was detected in 91.9% of cases, in contrast to group N (65.75%). At the onset of pneumonia, group Ob differed significantly from group N in terms of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (17 versus 9 mm/h), C-reactive protein (18.3 versus 7.2 mg/l), D-dimer (304 versus 230 ng/ml), glycemia (6.2 versus 5.2 mmol/l), lymphocytes 9 (1.3 versus 1.5 × 109/l). In the dynamics in the group Ob, in comparison with the group N, there is a higher level of platelets (307 versus 1 × 109/l), neutrophils (6.3 versus 3.7 × 109/l), monocytes (0.8 versus 0.6 × 109/l) and a smaller number of lymphocytes (1.4 versus 2.0 × 109/l). It was revealed that the lymphocytic index and the index of the ratio of lymphocytes to monocytes in dynamics significantly increase in group N (from 0.5 to 0.7 and from 3.5 to 4.5, respectively), in group On only the lymphocyte index significantly increases (from 0.4 to 0.5), in the obesity group they do not change (from 0.4 to 0.5 and 3 from.0 to 2.7, respectively). The greatest need for respiratory support had group Ob (21.1%) in comparison with GNP (6.0%).Conclusions. The level of adipose tissue in the body has a direct impact on the course of pneumonia.
Influence of exogenous and endogenous factors on lung function in children and adolescents with cysistic fibriosis with genetic variant F508DEL in homozygous state
Authors: Shadrina V. V. , Furman E. G. , Starinova M. A. , Voronkova A. Yu. , Sherman V. D. , Zhekaite E. K. , Kondratyeva E. I. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. In cystic fibrosis (CF), a thick secret with pathogenic microflora in the respiratory tract and other factors lead to a decrease in lung function, repeated hospitalizations and a decrease in the quality of life of patients.Aim. To evaluate the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors on lung function in children and adolescents with CF with the F508del variant in the homozygous state.Materials and methods. Spirometry parameters were analyzed in 379 patients with the F508del variant in the homozygous state at the age of 6–18 years according to the National Register of CF Patients 2019.Results. In children with CF at the age of 6–10 years, FEV1 and FVC were significantly higher than in children aged 11–14 and 15–18 years. P. aeruginosa and Achromobacter spp. infection had a negative effect on lung function. A weak correlation was found between nutritional status and respiratory function (for FEV1 r = 0.229; p <0.001; for FVC r = 0.206; p <0.001). In the Southern, Urals, and North Caucasian federal districts of the Russian Federation, the parameters of respiratory function in patients were significantly lower than in the Central Federal District.Conclusions. For a group of patients, carriers of the F508del genotype in the homozygous state, factors that negatively affect respiratory function were identified: adolescence, low nutritional status, respiratory tract infections P. aeruginosa, Achromobacter spp., Burkholderia cepacia complex, liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension and features of organizational assistance to patients. Some factors are correctable in the organization of preventive measures, which can have a positive impact on reducing the rate of damage to the bronchopulmonary system. Regular monitoring and timely correction of nutritional status, monitoring of respiratory tract infections, their prevention and timely completion of eradication therapy courses are required. Adolescent patients require special attention.
Insiders, Outsiders and Performance of Vietnamese Firms
Authors: Beason Richard , Tran Tu Thi Thanh , Dao Dong Phuong , Nguyen Hong Minh 
Published: October 2022

The consensus in the finance literature is that a large proportion of inside ownership (defined as greater than 5% share ownership by non-institutional holders, managerial holdings, founding family holdings, cross-shareholdings by affiliated firms and ownership by creditors) tends to be associated with more unsatisfactory performance (as measured by ROE or ROA) when compared to firms with lower inside ownership, all else equal. However, this need not be the case if insiders act as monitors of the firm and have the same interest in returns as outsiders. Ownership structure and firm level financial performance have not been widely studied in Vietnam. Using data from 729 listed firms in Vietnam for 2018, we test the hypothesis that greater insider ownership has a negative impact on firm performance. We found that Vietnam's insiders play a monitoring role, exercising their relative power to ensure the firm's profitable functioning. These findings are inconsistent with research on Japanese groupings, as well as other findings. The Vietnamese stock market does not appear to be negatively affected by insider influence; indeed, insiders appear to act as positive monitors.
Serie Ambiental Infantil Mapachín: legado de Mario Boza Loría. Génesis, evolución e impacto
Authors: Sonia Rojas Vargas  
Published: October 2022

El artículo presenta la trayectoria de la educación ambiental infantil en la Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED) e ilustra cómo surgió a partir de la visión y liderazgo del Ing. Mario Boza, primer director del Programa de Educación Ambiental (PEA), actualmente Centro de Educación Ambiental (CEA), con el objetivo de educar a la población sobre la protección de las áreas de conservación de la vida silvestre. El señor Boza Loría es pionero nacional de la educación ambiental; entre su legado se encuentra la Serie Ambiental Mapachín. Una serie de libros dedicada al desarrollo del pensamiento crítico, los valores positivos, las actitudes y el comportamiento de los niños frente a los problemas ambientales. A medida que la Serie continúa expandiéndose, se han establecido talleres ambientales educativos y recreativos para niños y educadores de todo el país. La Serie con más de 40 años, como publicación única en su género, ha cumplido integralmente con su cometido. Además, la Serie también constituye un aporte significativo a la literatura infantil en el país y está a la vanguardia de la educación ambiental de la niñez costarricense.
Trends in Prescriptions of Cardioprotective Diabetic Agents After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Among U.S. Veterans
Authors: Deo Salil V. , McAllister David A. , Al-Kindi Sadeer , Elgudin Yakov , Chu Danny , Pell Jill , Sattar Naveed 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE
Patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are at risk for cardiovascular events. Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 receptor inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are effective cardioprotective agents; however, their prescription among CABG patients is uncertain. The aims of this study were 1) to evaluate the overall use of SGLT2i/GLP-1RA after CABG and explore longitudinal trends and 2) to examine patient-related factors associated with the use of SGLT2i or GLP-1RA.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We analyzed the nationwide Veterans Affairs (VA) database (2016–2019) to report trends and factors associated with SGLT2i or GLP-1RA prescription after CABG.

RESULTS
Among 5,109 patients operated on at 40 different VA medical centers, 525 of 5,109 (10.4%), 352 of 5,109 (6.8%), and 91 of 5,109 (1.8%) were prescribed SGLT2i, GLP-1RA, and both, respectively. A substantial increase in the quarterly SGLT2i prescription rates (1.6% [first quarter of 2016 (2016Q1)], 33% [2019Q4]) was present but was lower for GLP-1RA (0.8% [2016Q1], 11.2% [2019Q4]). SGLT2i use was less likely with preexisting vascular disease (odd ratio [OR] 0.75, 95% CI 0.75, 0.94) or kidney disease (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.58, 0.88), while GLP-1RA use was associated with obesity (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.50, 2.46).

CONCLUSIONS
The overall utilization of SGLT2i or GLP-1RA drugs in U.S. veterans with type 2 diabetes undergoing CABG is low, with SGLT2i preferred over GLP-1RA.
Plass til en til? En case-studie av etableringen av lokalavisen Mitt Kongsvinger
Authors: Halvorsen Lars Julius 
Published: October 2022

Formålet med denne artikkelen er å kaste lys over et nytt fenomen i det norske medielandskapet: etablering av nye, heldigitale lokalaviser i bykommuner som tidligere utgjorde lokale avismonpoler. Tilnærmingen er en case-studie av etableringen av Mitt Kongsvinger. Undersøkelsen tar utgangspunkt i en forståelse for markeder som organiserte arenaer med store adgangsbarrierer mot nyetableringer, men der endringer i omgivelsene kan gi bedre muligheter for å etablere seg, og der sosiale relasjoner forventes å spille en viktig rolle.
Analysen viser at etableringen av Mitt Kongsvinger ble muliggjort av flere forhold, herunder svekket økonomi hos den etablerte avisen Glåmdalen og muligheten til å etablere seg som heldigital avis. Minst like viktig var Glåmdalens redaksjonelle valg om å prioritere stoff som er av interesse for alle kommunene i dekningsområdet. Dette åpnet en nisje i det lokale avismarkedet Kongsvinger for hyperlokale nyheter om Kongsvinger. I etableringsfasen trakk gründerne veksler på et lokalt sosialt nettverk og nøkkelkompetanser i gruppen. Case-studien tyder på at det kan oppstå nisjer for hyperlokal journalistikk aviskonkurranse også i andre lignende mediemarkeder. I Kongsvinger er innbyggerne den store vinneren av aviskonkurransen.
HUBUNGAN TRANSPARANSI DAN AKUNTABILITAS DENGAN PARTISIPASI KOMUNITAS SMA NEGERI 26 BONE
Authors: Susisanti Susisanti 
Published: October 2022

This article aims to analyze and test the relationship between transparency, accountability, and community participation. This study was conducted at SMA Negeri 26 Bone using a quantitative approach through a correlational study. Respondents in this study found 87 people, consisting of 28 teachers who were taken as a whole, 53 parents of students, and 6 school committee members. The data collection technique used is to distribute research respondent questionnaires. The data obtained through the questionnaire were then analyzed using product moment correlation analysis and multiple correlations. The results of this study have proven that: 1) there is a positive and significant relationship between transparency and community participation; and 2) there is a positive and significant relationship between accountability and community participation. Thus, the application of transparency in education management will encourage public awareness to participate in helping to improve the quality of education in schools.
Birinci Dilde Üretici (Aktif) Kelime Bilgisinin Gelişimi: “Bil Bakalım Kim?” Oynayalım- Development of Productive (Active) Vocabulary in the First Language: Let's Play “Guess Who?”
Authors: YEKELER GÖKMEN Ayşe Dilek , ULUSOY Mustafa 
Published: October 2022

Çalışmanın amacı: Bu araştırmanın amacı, ilkokul 2. sınıf öğrencilerinin kelime oyunlarında üretici kelime bilgilerini nasıl kullandıklarını incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda araştırmada “öğrenciler kelime bilgilerini oyunlarda nasıl kullanıyor?” sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda dinleme ve konuşma becerilerine yönelik olarak tasarlanan bir kelime oyunu seçilmiştir.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Araştırmada ilkokul öğrencilerinin kelime oyunlarında üretici kelime bilgilerini nasıl kullandıkları incelenmeye çalışıldığından nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde öğrencilerin oyun esnasında sordukları sorular/ kullandıkları kelimeler ile elde edilen veriler iki araştırmacı tarafından analiz edilerek kodlar belirlenmiş ve bu kodlara uygun temaları oluşturarak veriler yorumlanmıştır. Temalar altında gruplandırılan kelimelere ait yüzde ve frekans hesapları yapılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları tanımlanırken gerekli yerlerde doğrudan alıntılarla desteklenmiştir. Görüşme verilerinin analizinde ise öğrencilerin verdikleri cevaplar içerik analizine tabi tutularak belli temalar altında ve doğrudan alıntılara yer verilecek şekilde paylaşılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin kelime bilgilerini, görseller aracılığıyla genellikle karakterin fiziksel özelliklerine ve ardından mesleğine yönelik sorular üreterek kullandığı ve oyunu kazanmak için kendilerini sonuca yaklaştıran ipucu kelimeler kullanarak sorular sormaya çalıştıkları sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda öğrenciler oyunla ilgili hislerinde büyük oranda heyecanlı olduklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Oyunun kazandırdıklarına yönelik olarak ise uygun soru sorma ve doğru kelimeleri kullanma becerilerini kazandıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Oyun sürecinde uygun kelime bulmakta zorlandıklarını ifade etmeleri kelime bilgilerinin derinliğini sorgulamaları açısından yararlıdır.
Önemli Vurgular: Soru sorma sürecinde öğrenciler bir konuyla ilgili mevcut anlayışlarını ifade edebilir, diğer fikirlerle bağlantı kurabilir ve bilmediği noktaların farkına varabilirler. Bu doğrultuda uygun kelimeyi bulup soru sorabilmek oyunu kazanmak ve birinci dilde üretici kelime bilgisinin kullanımı açısından önemlidir.
Antibiotic resistance, biofilm forming ability, and clonal profiling of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from southern and northeastern India
Authors: Loganathan Archana , Nachimuthu Ramesh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen endemic in India and sometimes deadly for patients in intensive care units.

Objectives
To determine the antibiotic-resistance pattern, biofilm forming ability, and clonal type of S. aureus from isolates collected in Tamil Nadu (south) and the Mizoram (northeast) regions of India.

Methods
We collected S. aureus isolates from diagnostic laboratories in Tamil Nadu and Mizoram. An antibiotic susceptibility test was performed according to Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute methods. Antibiotic-resistant determinants such as mecA, mecC, blaZ, vanA, vanB, and vanC were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All isolates were further studied for biofilm forming ability. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR was used for clonal analysis.

Results
A study of 206 clinical isolates showed 52.9% prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus in Tamil Nadu and 49.4% in Mizoram. Minimum inhibitory concentration tests showed a high prevalence of 67% oxacillin resistance in isolates from Tamil Nadu and 49% in isolates from Mizoram. PCR showed 53% mecA in Tamil Nadu and 49% mecA in Mizoram. Vancomycin-intermediate resistance S. aureus (VISA) prevalence was lower in isolates from Tamil Nadu (4%) and Mizoram (5%). All methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates formed biofilms. Clonal analysis revealed a genetic relatedness between the isolates.

Conclusions
The prevalence of MRSA is high in the regions studied, with most of the clinical isolates being multidrug resistant. Adopting appropriate community-based preventive measures and establishing antimicrobial stewardship is highly recommended to minimize the dissemination in antibiotic resistance.
Community-Minded Activity Federal Project: Project Implementation Analysis and Risk Minimization
Authors: Shpakova R. N. , Demakov I. S. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. This article compares the provisions of the Community-Minded Activity Federal Project with other policy documents in similar areas of government regulation. The comparative study shows that it is safe to assume that attaining the goals of the project and its implementation are successful, since the achieved results are substantially higher than the targets. Certain issues were, however, found to pose potential risks to the effectiveness of the project. Study materials and methods. The study materials include the Community-Minded Activity project worksheet; Russia’s 2025 Volunteering Promotion Concept, the target-oriented departmental program to promote supplementary education for children and identify and support people with outstanding abilities, and some other regulatory documents and information. The methodological basis of the study is general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, comparative law research, system analysis.Findings of the study. The study found that despite restrictions on social activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Community-Minded Activity project was successfully carried out in 2018–2021, delivering substantially better results than planned. It was, however, found that certain issues might make the project less effective.Discussion and conclusion. The grant competition approach used as the main method to select recipients of financial support for regional best practices in volunteering and provide support for young talent is not fully consistent with the project’s goals of covering the widest possible range of people.The main measures taken under the project are not fully instrumental in achieving the project’s goals because they are limited in number and insufficiently systematic. In this respect, the project is inferior to some other policy documents with the same issues and goals. Using the approaches contained in these documents to expand the tool kit of the adjusted project should help enhancethe effectiveness of the project.
Indoor to outdoor: Transformation of Coffee Shops in Jakarta
Authors: Nisa Azkiya , Widhiasti Maria Regina , Dewi Euis Puspita 
Published: October 2022

From the colonial period to the Covid-19 pandemic, coffee cafes in Jakarta have seen significant changes. Coffee shops as public places must adjust to the pandemic situation by reducing their operating activity to prevent the virus from spreading. This adaption process then prompts coffee industry participants to come up with ways to keep coffee consumption habits consistent, such as employing outdoor spaces that are similar to rural aspects in urban settings. This study will examine the transition of coffee shops in the new normal era of the Covid-19 pandemic, building on prior research on the meaning of traditional-modern coffee shops and the performance of interior design in coffee shops. In addition, this research aims at the meaning of open space and how it relates to consumption patterns. The research method used is a literature review with in-depth analysis in order to solve issues that are related to the subject. The findings reveal that the current open space trend is a negotiation between urban-rural and public-private places. This tendency, however, poses a dilemma in terms of the monetization of the artistic portrayal of rural components adopted by coffee shops in Jakarta.
Role of radiological imaging techniques in the diagnosis of scrotal cystocele; a case report
Authors: Khan Muhammad Qasim , Alia Nayab , Imran Muhammad Babar , Abid Adeela 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
The condition known as scrotal cystocele occurs when the urinary bladder slides through the inguinal canal and fills the scrotum. It is a rare condition that typically affects obese male patients between the ages of 50 and 70. Massive scrotal cystocele in men younger than 45 or in the pediatric population is uncommon. Most people with scrotal cystocele are asymptomatic or present with the typical two-phase micturition with intermittent swelling that goes down after voiding.

Presentation of the case:
We present the case of a 44-yearold obese man who visited the radiology department with unusual symptoms, such as urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, and suprapubic pain, along with scrotal enlargement. He was diagnosed as having a large scrotal cystocele based on his clinical history and radiological findings.

Discussion:
Rarely, reported cases include massive scrotal cystocele and left-sided ureter herniation. Preoperative diagnosis of IBH is important to lessen postoperative complications.

Conclusion:
Ultrasound, computed tomography intra-venous urogram (IVU), fluoroscopic cystography, antegrade IVU, and single- photon emission computerized tomography aid to diagnose the scrotal cystocele or mimicking inguinal metastasis on bone scan.
القضاء والقضاة في مدينة تكريت في العصر العباسي ( 132 هـ ــــ 656 م / 750 م ــ 1258 م)
Authors: Abdul Latif Al Janabi Abdul Wahab Rashid 
Published: October 2022

كانت عظمة القضاء باهتمام خلفاء وولاة الدولة الاسلامية بإدارة القضاء وتعيين القضاة في كافة الامصار والمدن, ومن هذه المدن مدينة تكريت وهي من مدن وسط العراق ما بين بغداد والموصل, وهي مدينة عريقة بالقدم, وقد اولى الخلفاء الراشدين ثم الخلفاء الامويين ومن بعدهم الخلفاء العباسيين منصب القضاء عناية خاصة واحتل القاضي مكانة اجتماعية بارزة .
تطور القضاء في الدولة العباسية تطوراً ملحوظاً , وذلك لتطور الحياة الاجتماعية, وكان من ابرز التطورات هو ظهور المذاهب, وأدى ظهورها إلى تأثير في أحكام القضاة , وكذلك تم استحداث منصب ( قاضي القضاة) ليعمل مع الخليفة في ادارة القضاء وتسيير شؤونها, وكان لاستحداث هذا المنصب دليل قاطع لاهتمام الخلافة العباسية بالقضاء, فضلاً عن ذلك تقديم المشورة للخليفة في شؤونه الخاصة واعماله، وحضور مجالسه ومصاحبته في اسفاره .
وكان القضاة في تكريت يعينون من قبل الخليفة مباشرة وسلطتهم مستقلة عن الوالي, وكان القاضي الذي يعين القضاء في تكريت يولى القضاء في المدن المجاورة ايضاً والتي تسمى بمدن طريق الموصل, وقد برز العديد من القضاة الذين تولوا القضاء في تكريت, او القضاة من مدينة تكريت وتولوا القضاء في مدن اخرى, وكان لهؤلاء القضاة لدور مهم في وظيفة القضاء