bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Solubility on Reservoir Properties at the Gas/Brine Interface of Geologic Carbon Sequestration Projects Using Flue Gas Injections
Authors: Badghaish M. , Schwartz B. A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Multi-component flue gas injection is proposed as an alternative to bulk CO2 injection for permanent CO2 sequestration. In traditional geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) or enhanced oil recovery (EOR) projects, amine towers are used to separate CO2 from other flue gas components. Bulk CO2 injection has the benefit of limited (and known) interactions with saline aquifers, and conserves pore volume. However, the cost of amine separation has proven prohibitive and led to a stagnation in GCS project development. Unfortunately, amine scrubbers are costly which has caused the technology to be underdeveloped. Our work suggests that careful implementation of flue gas injection can help accelerate carbon sequestration deployment. This study focuses on the disparity in solubility among flue gas components. As CO2 dissolves into reservoir brines at higher rates than N2 or O2, concentration gradients develop radially.

Introduction
Living in the 21st century is one of the best eras that humans have experienced while they roamed the Earth. Thanks to a huge series of technological advisements that made our live much easier that ever. We live in an era where carbon is involved in most if not all of the industries that feed our thrust for convivence. Unfortunately, the ease of such life comes at a cost. For decades human activity have been releasing record amounts of carbon dioxide. The release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere have been proven time and time again to be one of the contributing factors to the looming climate crisis. Moreover, reducing our carbon dioxide emissions is one of the key goals and challenges of the new century. Geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) is not a new technology rather is has been implemented on pilot projects many times has demonstrated the capabilities of reducing the amount of carbon in the air, but most importantly, in the atmosphere to combated climate change and global warming. To put it simply, GCS basically using the subsurface as a carbon sink where we can store it for a long time. There are many ways in which this technology manifests itself. The first means to use the subsurface as a trap for our carbon is using Stratigraphic or structural trapping. Where we can use the natural traps the are in the subsurface to trap free phase carbon dioxide as it would be buoyant. Residual CO2 trapping, Mineral trapping, and Dissolution trapping are all means in which the subsurface can help us to trap carbon for a extended periods of time.
Drilling Data-Based Approach for Pressure Gradient Estimation Using Random Forest
Authors: Abdelaal Ahmed , Elkatatny Salaheldin , Abdulraheem Abdulazeez 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Real-time estimation of the formation pressure can enhance the drilling operations in terms of non-productive time, costs, and safety. In the literature, the known methods for formation gradient prediction are derived from logging or a combination of selected drilling data and logging. The objective of this paper is to use random forest (RF) to develop a predictive model for real-time pore pressure gradient using surface drilling parameters. The used inputs were pump rate (PR), standpipe pressure (SPP), rate of penetration (ROP) and rotary speed (RS). A field data set was used to develop the prediction model. Another data set was used for validating the developed model. The proposed model estimated the pressure gradient with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.99 and 0.98 for training and testing. The root mean squared error (RMSE) was around 0.01 and 0.014 psi/ft for training and testing. In addition, the average absolute percentage error (AAPE) was 0.96% and 1.66% for training and testing.

Introduction
Formation pressure is the one exerted by the fluids contained inside the pores of formations. The normal pressure gradient ranges between 0.433 psi/ft and around 0.465 psi/ft (Bourgoyne et al., 1986). Abnormal pressure is used for any deviation from the normal pressure trend that can be either supernormal or subnormal (Mouchet, J.P., and Mitchell, 1989).
Experimental Investigation of Hydraulic Fracture Closure in a Porous Sandstone
Authors: Talebkeikhah M. , Momeni S. , Lu G. , Lecampion B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Depending on the type of fracture propagation regime when the injection stops, the closure of the fracture may occur exactly after the injection ceases, in the case where the fracturing process is dominated by fracture energy, or the fracture propagate for a while due to the elastic energy stored in the rock, when fluid viscous dissipation dominates. In any cases, fluid losses in the surrounding porous media ultimately stops fracture growth and the fracture closes (on the proppant pack in practice). Some recent theoretical solutions have been reported for the recession and closure of a hydraulic fracture in the absence of proppant. These solutions are relevant in the context of micro hydraulic fracturing tests for in-situ stress determination. In this work, we report a laboratory hydraulic fracture experiments performed in sandstones with the aim to study experimentally fracture closure. In our experimental set-up, an extensive passive acoustic monitoring is performed and provide un-precedented spatio-temporal evolution of fracture development and closure.

Introduction and Motivation
Hydraulic fracturing is one of the methods for stimulating oil and gas wells. In this method, high-pressure fluid injection causes tensile fractures, which leads to an increase in rock permeability and conductivity, and as a result, increases oil and gas production (Madyarova and Detournay, 2003).
Investigating the behavior of fracture propagation in hydraulic fracturing operations is one of the topics that researchers are working on. Fracture propagation in rocks follows different regimes. When the energy is dissipated to overcome the toughness of the rock to form new fracture surfaces, the regime is toughness dominated and when the energy is dissipated in the flow of viscous fluid in the fracture, it is viscosity dominated (Lecampion et al, 2017). In addition, when this fracture is created in permeable and porous rocks, in which there is fluid loss into the rock, these regimes are converted to toughness-leak off dominated and viscosity-leak off dominated regimes respectively (Detournay, 2016).
Digital Simulation of Blockage-Removing Mechanism Upon Microfracturing of Unconsolidated Sandstone Formation
Authors: Zhu Haitao , Lin Botao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Fine migration is considered to be the primary factor leading to the production decline of the unconsolidated sandstone formations. Micro-fracturing technology is regarded as a practical approach to solving these problems for improving the permeability near the wellbore. However, no detailed and comprehensive research has investigated the blockage-removing mechanism upon microfracturing. Therefore, a comprehensive simulation method is proposed in this study, capable of simulating the permeability evolution and the mechanical responses of the unconsolidated sandstone during the micro-fracturing. Afterward, the blockage-removing mechanism of micro-fracturing and the associated mechanical deformation are analyzed in a field case. Furthermore, the simulation results were classified using digital method and made into a predictive chart. The results show that the permeability damage caused by a blockage in an unconsolidated sandstone can be treated by micro-fracturing. The underlying mechanisms can be summarized in three aspects. First, the hydraulic effect can mitigate the permeability damage caused by particle deposition. Secondly, the increase in pore throat radius due to pore dilation can disrupt the structure of the particle bridging. Third, the blockage caused by size exclusion is diminished due to an increase in the effective pore radius. These results elucidated the mechanism of blockage removal by microfracturing and provided valuable guidance for field engineers to improve the subsequent stimulation work.

Introduction
In recent years, more and more oil and gas resources are found in unconsolidated sands or weakly consolidated sandstones, such as the Gulf of Mexico, Athabasca (Canada), Orinoco (Venezuela), and Bohai Bay Basin of China (Xiong et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2021). These resources include conventional oil and gas reservoirs and unconventional reservoirs such as oil sands. The loss of permeability caused by fines migration in the reservoir is always considered a significant factor responsible for productivity decline. Due to unconsolidated cementation, fines migration almost occurs during the whole process of oil and gas reservoir development, such as drilling, fracturing, water injection, or liquid production. Due to the high fluid velocity near-wellbore, it is essential to note that fines migration and blocking always occur near the wellbore. Various approaches have been proposed to alleviate the adverse effects of fines migration on reservoir permeability, including nanofluid clay stabilizers, and polymers. (Huang et al., 2008; Yuan et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2015). However, these methods are not only costly and effective for a short period, but are mainly preventive in focus.
3D Modelling Approach To Investigate Zechstein Stress Transition Zone – Case Study from Fore-Sudetic Monocline (Poland)
Authors: Kårstad Eirik , Basu Pramit , Kepinski Michal , Chrzanowski Wojciech 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Geomechanics is the study of how subsurface rocks deform or fail in response to changes in stress, pressure and temperature. Therefore, geomechanics is an important input for optimal exploration and development of hydrocarbon reservoirs. The Zechstein formations exhibit different rock deformation behaviours due to varying sequences of evaporites that cause significant drilling challenges, increasing drilling time and associated costs. Commonly used 1D analytical geomechanical models have been inadequate for explaining the drilling experiences in the Zechstein formation. We therefore examine a dynamic 3D geomechanical model to explain the behaviour of these formations.
The Zechstein sedimentation sequence is typical for an evaporite basin (from top): clay, salt, sulphatic rocks, carbonatic rocks and salty clay. The salt is known for its rapid hole closure behaviour, and stresses are often modelled as lithostatic. Although sulphate rocks like anhydrite creep more slowly, they are often considered viscoelastic over long time horizons, and laboratory measurements show creep behaviour. However, the behaviour of anhydrite is strongly dependent on water saturation, and the dynamic 3D geomechanical model results suggested that there is a stress transition zone through the anhydrites between the Zechstein salt (halite) and Rotliegend sandstones. The inclusion of a stress transition zone explained the drilling complications encountered in earlier wells, which could not be adequately explained using 1D geomechanical modelling.

Introduction
Geomechanics is the study of how subsurface rocks deform or fail in response to changes of stress, pressure and temperature, and therefore geomechanics is a key aspect of the exploration works. The sequences of different evaporate rocks through the Zechstein formations group result in formations being able to exhibit a number of behavioural mechanisms. Without careful geomechanics analysis and risk assessment, one should expect, numerous drilling complications, as well as health and safety risks, excessive time to complete operations and increased well cost.
Triaxial Cyclic Loading Fracture of Rock-Encased-Backfill Structure by Xray and Acoustic Emission
Authors: Yu Xin , Song Weidong , Tan Yuye , Kemeny John , Qi Shengwen , Zheng Bowen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The strain softening behavior of the rock-encased-backfill (RB) structure decides the stability of the underground backfilling stope during cyclic excavation and blasting. To investigate the cyclic failure behavior of the RB specimen, a series of triaxial cyclic loading experiments were conducted in different volume fractions of rock, confining pressures, and cyclic loading rates. Results show the strain hysteresis curve increases from sparse to dense with the increase of the confining pressure, showing a significant strain-softening characteristic. The elastic strain energy increases linearly and the dissipation energy increases exponentially with the number of cycles. The percentage of shear microcracks during each circle increased quadratically, which was very similar to the trend of dissipation energy. When VF=0.73 and the loading and unloading rate was 400 N/s, the percentage of shear microcracks in RB specimens was higher than that in other cases, especially higher under 9 MPa. This finding indicates that RB specimens are more prone to meso damage and elastic-plastic transformation under a specific condition, and the importance to conduct more studies on the coupling mechanism of the bi-geological-materials structure.

Introduction
Backfill is one kind of artificial and green material reserved in the underground, which is made with waste tailings after mining excavation. Its mechanical properties are similar to soil and cement, which is far away from that rock mass nearby. After the backfill is consolidated, the field stress will be redistributed in the rock-encased-backfill structure (RB).
What makes an Internet troll? On the relationships between temperament (BIS/BAS), Dark Triad, and Internet trolling
Authors: Molenda Zuzanna Aleksandra , Marchlewska Marta , Rogoza Marta , Michalski Piotr , Górska Paulina , Szczepańska Dagmara , Cislak Aleksandra 
Published: November 2022

Internet trolling is a provocative or offensive online behavior linked to engaging in anonymous activities that evoke negative feelings in other people. We analyzed the relationships between Internet trolling, Dark Triad traits (i.e., psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism), and the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS)/Behavioral Approach System (BAS) in two studies. Study 1 involved a national quota sample representative of Polish young adults (N = 1,048, aged 18–25), and Study 2 involved a national quota sample of adult Poles (N = 432, aged 18–84). In both studies, we hypothesized and found that Internet trolling is predicted by low BIS and high BAS and that these relationships are mediated by high levels of psychopathy. These findings suggest that the basic temperamental dispositions may predispose individuals to irritate others on the Internet for one’s own enjoyment due to high (vs. low) levels of psychopathy. We discuss the role of temperamental and personality traits in shaping offensive online behavior.
A method for patient‐specific DVH verification using a high‐sampling‐rate log file in an Elekta linac
Authors: Nishiyama Shiro , Takemura Akihiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe have proposed a method for patient‐specific dose–volume histogram (DVH) verification using a 40‐ms high‐sampling‐rate log file (HLF) available in an Elekta linac. Ten prostate volumetric‐modulated arc therapy plans were randomly selected, and systematic leaf position errors of ±0.2, ±0.4, or ±0.8 mm were added to the 10 plans, thereby producing a total of 70 plans. An RTP file was created by interpolating each leaf position in the HLF to obtain values at each control point, which is subsequently exported to a treatment planning system. The isocenter dose calculated by the HLF‐based plan to a phantom (Delta4 Phantom+) was compared to that measured by the diode in the phantom in order to evaluate the accuracy of the HLF‐based dose calculation. The D95 of the planning target volume (PTV) was also compared between the HLF‐based plans and the original plans with the systematic leaf position errors, the latter being referred to as theory‐based plans. Sensitivities of the DVH parameters in the target, the rectum, and the bladder were also calculated with the varied systematic leaf position errors. The relative differences in the isocenter doses between the HLF‐based calculations and the measurements among the 70 plans were 0.21% ± 0.67% (SD). The maximum relative differences in PTV D95 between the HLF‐based and the theory‐based plans among the 70 cases were 0.11%. The patient‐specific DVH verification method detected a change in the target DVH parameters of less than 1% when the systematic leaf position error was ±0.2 mm. It is therefore suggested that the proposed DVH verification method may simplify patient‐specific dose quality assurance procedures without compromising accuracy and sensitivity.
Nanostructured‐Based Optical Readouts Interfaced with Machine Learning for Identification of Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: del Real Mata Carolina , Jeanne Olivia , Jalali Mahsa , Lu Yao , Mahshid Sara 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are shed from cancer cells into body fluids, enclosing molecular information about the underlying disease with the potential for being the target cancer biomarker in emerging diagnosis approaches such as liquid biopsy. Still, the study of EVs presents major challenges due to their heterogeneity, complexity, and scarcity. Recently, liquid biopsy platforms have allowed the study of tumor‐derived materials, holding great promise for early‐stage diagnosis and monitoring of cancer when interfaced with novel adaptations of optical readouts and advanced machine learning analysis. Here, recent advances in labeled and label‐free optical techniques such as fluorescence, plasmonic, and chromogenic‐based systems interfaced with nanostructured sensors like nanoparticles, nanoholes, and nanowires, and diverse machine learning analyses are reviewed. The adaptability of the different optical methods discussed is compared and insights are provided into prospective avenues for the translation of the technological approaches for cancer diagnosis. It is discussed that the inherent augmented properties of nanostructures enhance the sensitivity of the detection of EVs. It is concluded by reviewing recent integrations of nanostructured‐based optical readouts with diverse machine learning models as novel analysis ventures that can potentially increase the capability of the methods to the point of translation into diagnostic applications.
Template Directed Synthesis of Boron Carbon Nitride Nanotubes (BCN‐NTs) and Their Evaluation for Energy Storage Properties
Authors: Karbhal Indrapal , Chaturvedi Vikash , Yadav Poonam , Patrike Apurva , Shelke Manjusha V. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA unique approach has been applied for the synthesis of 1D boron carbon nitride nanotubes (BCN‐NTs) using MnO2 nanowires as templates. BCN‐NTs have been evaluated in Na‐ion batteries, Li‐ion batteries, and supercapacitors as electrode material and exhibited excellent and stable electrochemical performance. BCN‐NTs as an anode for Na‐ion battery has been shown to be highly stable up to 3000 cycles with capacity retention of 95 mAh g−1, at a high current density of 1 A g−1. In the case of the Li‐ion battery, these BCN‐NTs show a specific capacity of 563 mAh g−1 at a current density of 50 mA g−1. Finally, when used as an electrode for a supercapacitor, BCN‐NTs display a specific capacity of 221 F g−1 at a current density of 3 A g−1 and 168 F g−1 even at a very high current density of 30 A g−1 exemplifying the excellent rate performance. The multifunctionality and stable performance of BCN‐NTs among various electrochemical energy storage systems highlight the robustness of the material and make it an excellent candidate for scalable production and commercialization.
Ultrathin Solid Polymer Electrolyte Design for High‐Performance Li Metal Batteries: A Perspective of Synthetic Chemistry
Authors: Wang Qian , Wang Shi , Lu Tiantian , Guan Lixiang , Hou Lifeng , Du Huayun , Wei Huan , Liu Xiaoda , Wei Yinghui , Zhou Henghui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLi metal batteries (LMBs) have attracted widespread attention in recent years because of their high energy densities. But traditional LMBs using liquid electrolyte have potential safety hazards, such as: leakage and flammability. Replacing liquid electrolyte with solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) can not only significantly improve the safety, but also improve the energy density of LMBs. However, till now, there is only limited success in improving the various physical and chemical properties of SPE, especially in thickness, posing great obstacles to further promoting its fundamental and applied studies. In this review, the authors mainly focus on evaluating the merits of ultrathin SPE and summarizing its existing challenges as well as fundamental requirements for designing and manufacturing advanced ultrathin SPE in the future. Meanwhile, the authors outline existing cases related to this field as much as possible and summarize them from the perspective of synthetic chemistry, hoping to provide a comprehensive understanding and serve as a strategic guidance for designing and fabricating high‐performance ultrathin SPE. Challenges and opportunities regarding this burgeoning field are also critically evaluated at the end of this review.
Reaction‐controlled microgel‐lipase co‐stabilized compartmentalized emulsion for recyclable biodiesel production
Authors: Guan Xin , Wan Zhili , Ngai To 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPickering emulsions have been widely used for biphasic catalysis in the past decade. However, it remains a great challenge to achieve simple product collection and enzyme recovery. Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)‐based microgels can endow Pickering emulsions with stimuli‐responsiveness, while most microgel‐stabilized emulsions are oil‐in‐water (O/W) type and not ideal for interfacial catalysis. Besides, altering temperature or pH value for demulsification is time‐ and energy‐consuming and may cause irreversible deactivation of enzymes. In this work, inverse water‐in‐oil (W/O) Pickering emulsions were formed using hexanoic acid‐swollen microgels as the sole emulsifiers. When lipase was added in the water phase, stable oil‐in‐water‐in‐oil (O/W/O) Pickering double emulsions could be formed through one‐step emulsification, owing to the synergistic effect of the hydrophobic microgels and hydrophilic lipase at the interface. Compared with other biphasic systems, such double emulsion systems represent a desirable platform for highly efficient biodiesel production because of the ultra‐high interfacial areas and fast mass transport between two phases. More importantly, the switchable transition between hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of microgels is controlled by the catalytic reaction. Therefore, double emulsions demulsify spontaneously when substrates are used up without the need for energy input or loss of enzymatic activity, enabling the facile collection of products and demonstrating the excellent recyclability of the biphasic catalysis system.