bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A record of seed germination, distribution pattern and effect of premonsoon season variability on quantitative leaf anatomy of Mollugo nudicaulis Lam. a C2 species from tropical Desert Climate
Authors: Meena Barupal , Choudhary Sumitra K , Kataria Vinod 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

In rapid climate change how C3-C4 plants will respond this is the question of study. Here, we present Mollugo nudicaulis Lam., a C3-C4 intermediate species known for C2 type photosynthesis as a model plant in the tropics. Therefore, to know the functionality and habit of M. nudicaulis in ambient climate, we analyzed the leaf anatomy quantitatively, recorded the local dispersion variance pattern of species, seed production potential (seed output per plant) and seed germination pattern. Natural and man-altered sites were explored to see the distribution of the plant. Seed output per plant was calculated. Cross-sections of mature leaves were observed. We compared ex vivo and in vitro seed germination profile by applying of primary dormancy breaking methods including –imbibition, scarification, and cold stratification to different time regime. M. nudicaulis follows the clump distribution in natural area due to hydrochory dispersion of seeds. In nature plant thrives in high organic rich sites. In ex situ germination, the acid scarification (physical change) and the cold stratification (physiological change) showed significant enhancement in germination after breaking of dormancy. The leaf anatomy showed variations in the number and the area of leaf mesophyll cells and the thickness of leaf as per fluctuation in average temperature, pressure, and humidity in a year. More palisade cells found in the leaves cross-section when the year recorded for average high temperature and more frequent rainfall. We found a correlation between the mesophyll cells in leaves and pre-monsoonal season variability for C3-C4 intermediate plant. The study adds supportive results in climate change impact on plant physiology and adaptation.
A extracellular secretion of miR-1825 wrapped by exosomes increases CLEC5A expression: a potential oncogenic mechanism in ovarian cancer
Authors: Wu Qiaoling , Cui Zhaolei , Xia Hongmei , Jiang Shan , Bai Jing , Shao Zhuo , Sun Yang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground: Ovarian cancer (OC) is an important cause of gynecologic cancer-related mortality worldwide. ExosomalmiR-1825and its target geneCLEC5Ahave been shown to have a significant association with tumorigenesis in other cancers. Methods: ExosomalmiR-1825expression and its ability in overall survival(OS) prediction were determined using GEO and TCGA data. Target genes ofmiR-1825were searched in five prediction databases, and differentially expressed prognostic genes were identified. We performed GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. The ability ofCLEC5Ain OS prediction was assessed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier curves. Immunohistochemistry was applied to validate theCLEC5Aexpression pattern in OC. The immune cell landscape was compared using the CIBERSORT algorithm, and the results were validated in a GEO cohort. Finally, the predicted IC50 of five common chemotherapy agents was compared. Results:MiR-1825was elevated in exosomes derived from OC cells and served as a tumor suppressor. TheCLEC5Agene was confirmed as a target ofmiR-1825, whose upregulation was correlated with a poor prognosis. M2 macrophage infiltration was significantly enhanced inCLEC5Ahigh expression group, and T follicular helper cell infiltration was reduced in it. The predicted IC50 for cisplatin and doxorubicin was higher inCLEC5Ahigh expression group, and that for docetaxel, gemcitabine, and paclitaxel was lower. Conclusion:MiR-1825may promote OC progression by increasingCLEC5Aexpression through exosome-mediated efflux from tumor cells and could be a promising biomarker for OC.
Translation Strategies for English-Language Movies Under the Application of Mobile Cloud Computing Combined with Deep Learning
Authors: Liu Yang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Translation strategies make the individual feel convenient in visualising movies in different languages. The challenge in this translation is in mapping the language words in relation to the language presented in the movie. It is also necessary to consider the mode utilised for viewing the movie. In this research, individuals are considered to make use of mobile devices to visualise the movie with the choice of language translation. In this perspective, Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) cloud computing technology is utilised for storing the data in the cloud environment and making it available as on-demand data. To make an effective translation of the English movie, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), which is a basic deep learning model, is considered for training the translator system for the video data available in the cloud. The proposed model of SaaS with MLP is compared with the regular Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model for accuracy in translation of the language. The comparative analysis shows that the proposed model has obtained an accuracy of 83%, which is higher than the RNN model.
Magnetic Reconnection as the Driver of the Solar Wind
Authors: Raouafi Nour , Stenborg Guillero , Seaton Daniel , Wang Haimin , Wang Jiasheng , DeForest Craig , Bale Stuart , Drake James , Uritsky Vadim , Karpen Judy , DeVore C. Richard , Chitta Lakshmi Pradeep , Horbury Timothy , Harra Louise , Bourouaine Sofiane , Kasper Justin , Kumar Pankaj , Phan Tai , Sterling Alphonse , Velli Marco 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Solar and stellar winds are ubiquitous flows of charged particles (i.e., electrons, protons, and heavier ions) permeating the astral spheres1. Through these winds, stars lose angular momentum, slow down their rotation as they age, shape planetary systems, and affect the composition and the physical and chemical evolution of planetary atmospheres and, consequently, the habitability of these planets2,3. How the solar wind is generated at the source, heated, and accelerated, and what determines its variability, are long-standing fundamental questions. Here we argue that the physical mechanism that heats and drives the solar wind at its source is ubiquitous magnetic reconnection in the form of small-scale jetting activity4. Jetlets, like the solar wind and the heating of the coronal plasma, are ubiquitous regardless of the solar cycle phase. Each event arises out of small-scale reconnection of opposite polarity magnetic fields producing a short-lived jet of hot plasma and Alfvén waves into the corona. The discrete nature of these jetlet events leads to intermittent outflows from the corona, which homogenize as they propagate away from the Sun and form the solar wind. This discovery establishes the importance of small-scale magnetic reconnection in solar and stellar atmospheres in understanding ubiquitous phenomena such as coronal heating and solar wind acceleration.
Improved adsorption and catalysis performance of biomorphic porous TiO2 with wood template size scaling
Authors: Xia Guangda , Yang Tianyu , Liu Yu , Zhu Xiaodong , Zhou Hui , Wu Ruiying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Biomorphic TiO2 photocatalysts with hierarchical porous structures by templating with different size scales of wood processing residues (lignocellulose, wood flour, and solid wood as biological templates) through a simple sol-gel method is proposed for photocatalytic degradation applications. Compared with template-free TiO2, the biomorphic TiO2 had a good adsorption capacity and photocatalytic performance with methylene blue (MB) and phenol. The lignocellulose-templated TiO2 reached adsorption equilibrium within 60 min because of the hierarchical structure of the complex interlaced wood. It exhibited 98.9% and 84.3% degradation of MB and phenol within 60 min under visible light conditions. The multiscale structure of the wood templates enhanced light absorption and mass transfer efficiency due to the presence of additional surface hydroxyl groups and a reduced bandgap. This research proposes a convenient synthesis method to obtain biomorphic TiO2 using wood residues, and construct the physical- chemical interaction between wood and TiO2 to enhance visible light response and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers.
Myeloid CCN3 protects against aortic valve calcification
Authors: Tu Peinan , Xu Qian , Zhou Xianming , Villa-Roel Nicolas , Kumar Sandeep , Dong Nianguo , Jo Hanjoong , Ou Caiwen , Lin Zhiyong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Cellular communication network factor 3 (CCN3) has been implicated in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation. However, it is not known if CCN3 can regulate valvular calcification. While macrophages have been shown to regulate valvular calcification, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of this process remain poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of macrophage-derived CCN3 in the progression of calcific aortic valve disease.
Methods
Myeloid-specific knockout of CCN3 (Mye-CCN3-KO) and control mice were subjected to a single tail intravenous injection of AAV encoding mutant mPCSK9 (rAAV8/D377Y-mPCSK9) to induce hyperlipidemia. AAV-injected mice were then fed a high fat diet for 40 weeks. At the conclusion of high fat diet feeding, tissues were harvested and subjected to histologic and pathologic analyses. Echocardiography was performed prior to the termination of experiments to assess cardiac and valvular function. In vitro, bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDMs) from both control and Mye-CCN3-KO were utilized to explore how myeloid CCN3 affects the calcification process. To assess the impact of macrophage CCN3 deficiency on valvular intersititial cells (VIC) calcification, human VICs were cultured with conditioned media from CCN3-deficient BMDMs, followed by Alazarin red staining and gene expression analysis.
Results
Echocardiography revealed that both male and female Mye-CCN3-KO mice displayed compromised aortic valvular function accompanied by exacerbated valve thickness and cardiac dysfunction. Histologically, Alizarin-Red staining revealed a marked increase in aortic valve calcification in Mye-CCN3-KO mice when compared to the controls. In vitro, CCN3 deficiency augmented BMP2 production and secretion from bone marrow-derived macrophages. In addition, human valvular interstitial cells cultured with conditioned media from CCN3-deficient BMDMs resulted in exaggerated pro-calcifying gene expression and the consequent calcification.
Conclusion
Our data uncovered a novel role of myeloid CCN3 in the regulation of aortic valve calcification. Modulation of BMP2 production and secretion in macrophages might serve as a key mechanism for macrophage-derived CCN3’s anti-calcification function in the development of CAVD.
Transcription Start Site Mapping and Small RNA Profiling of Leptospira biflexa serovar Patoc
Authors: Cheah Hong Leong , Ahmed Siti Aminah , Tang Thean Hock 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by bacterial species of the genus Leptospira. However, the regulatory mechanisms and pathways underlying the adaptation of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Leptospira spp. in different environmental conditions remain elusive. Leptospira biflexa is a non-pathogenic species of Leptospira that lives exclusively in a natural environment. It is an ideal model not only for exploring molecular mechanisms underlying the environmental survival of Leptospira species but also for identifying virulence factors unique to Leptospira’s pathogenic species. In this study, we aim to establish the transcription start site (TSS) landscape and the small RNA (sRNA) profile of L. biflexa serovar Patoc grown to exponential and stationary phases via differential RNA-seq (dRNA-seq) and small RNA-seq (sRNA-seq) analyses, respectively. Our dRNA-seq analysis uncovered a total of 2,726 TSSs, which are also used to identify other elements, e.g., promoter and untranslated regions (UTRs). Besides, our sRNA-seq analysis revealed a total of 603 sRNA candidates, comprising 16 promoter-associated sRNAs, 184 5’UTR-derived sRNAs, 230 true intergenic sRNAs, 136 5’UTR-antisense sRNAs, and 130 open reading frame (ORF)-antisense sRNAs. In summary, these findings reflect the transcriptional complexity of L. biflexa serovar Patoc under different growth conditions and help to facilitate our understanding of regulatory networks in L. biflexa. Besides, the TSS and sRNA landscapes of L. biflexa can also be compared with its pathogenic counterparts, e.g., L. borgpetersenii and L. interrogans, to identify features contributing to their environmental survival and virulence.
YOLOOD: An Arbitrary-Oriented Flexible Flat Cable Detection Method in Robotic Assembly
Authors: Bai Yuxuan , Wei Shimin , Dong Mingshuai , Li Jian , Yu Xiuli 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Flexible Flat Cable (FFC) detection is the premise of robot 3C assembly and is challenging because FFCs are often non-axis aligned with arbitrary orientations having cluttered surroundings. However, to date, the traditional robotic object detection methods mainly regress the object horizontal bounding box (HBB), in which the size and aspect ratios do not reflect the actual shape of the target object and hardly separate the FFCs in dense. In this paper, rotated object detection was introduced into FFC detection, and a YOLO-based arbitrary-oriented FFC detection method named YOLOOD was proposed. Firstly, oriented bounding boxes (OBB) are used to reflect the object's physical size and angle information and better separate the FFCs from the dense background. Secondly, the circular smooth label (CSL) angular classification algorithm is adopted to obtain the angle information of FFCs. Finally, the head point regression branch is introduced to distinguish between the head and the tail of the FFC and expand the range of FFC detection angle to [0°,360°] The proposed YOLOOD can reach the detection performance with an average precision of 90.82% and a detection speed of 112 FPS on an FFC dataset. Meanwhile, an actual FFC grasping experiment demonstrated the proposed YOLOOD's effectiveness and feasibility in practical assembly scenarios. In conclusion, this paper innovatively introduces rotating object detection into robot object detection, and the proposed YOLOOD solves the problem of detecting and locating non-axis aligned FFCs and has particular significance for robot 3C assembly.
Effect of risk factor score on early recurrence after pancreatectomy for invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Matsumoto Michinori , Shirai Yoshihiro , Abe Kyohei , Futagawa Yasuro , Haruki Koichiro , Furukawa Kenei , Onda Shinji , Marukuchi Rui , Okamoto Tomoyoshi , Ikegami Toru 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to identify the risk factors after pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) resection to create a novel scoring system for early recurrence (ER) and analyze their effect on the recurrent pattern.
Methods
This retrospective study included 60 patients with PDAC who underwent pancreatectomy. The predicted risk factors for ER which recurred within 12 months, were analyzed. The scoring system included significantly predictive factors. The cutoff values were determined using the receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve. A score was added by one point for each anomaly. Overall survival (OS) was compared according to the score. The relationship between the score and the recurrent pattern was investigated.
Results
ER was determined in 26. Independent predictors included preoperative maximum carbohydrate antigen 19 − 9 (CA19-9) of ≥ 147 U/mL, lymph node ratio (LNR) of ≥ 0.1277, and no adjuvant chemotherapy (AC). The 5-year OS rates with a score of 0, 1, and 2 were 55.8%, 11.0%, and 0%, respectively. The classified subgroups using the two factors, except for AC, initiated AC at ≤ 58 postoperative days, which was determined as a cutoff value using a ROC curve, and the number of recurrent regions significantly reduced in the higher-risk groups and the prognosis significantly improved in the moderate risk group.
Conclusions
Preoperative maximum CA19-9 of ≥ 147 U/mL, LNR of ≥ 0.1277 and no AC could be ER predictors. OS was significantly stratified using the scoring system with the three factors. Early AC initiation in the moderate-risk group of ER might suppress multiregional metastasis recurrence and improve the prognosis.
Impact of Alien Genes on Disease Resistance, Drought Tolerance, and Agronomic Traits in Winter Wheat Commercial Varieties
Authors: Motsnyi Ivan I. , Моlоdchenkоvа Оlga О. , Nargan Tetiana P. , Nakonechnyy Mykola Yu. , Mishchenko Ivan A. , Lyfenko Saveliy Ph. , Smertenko Аndrii P. , Міshchеnkо Lidiya Т. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Global climate change facilitates the spread of diseases of the winter bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and increases the yield losses caused by a combination of these diseases and drought. Prevention of the yield losses depends on the identification of the resistance genes and the introduction of these genes into commercial cultivars.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to evaluate resistance to widespread diseases, drought and other agricultural traits amongst the members of diversity panel consisting of introgression wheat lines derived from complex interspecies crosses.

Materials and Methods:
The field trials were conducted during 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 seasons. The winter wheat diversity panel consists of seventy-eight introgression lines and two check cultivars developed for the arid climate zone of southern Ukraine. The data on nine agronomic (quantitative scores) and five-pathogen response (point scores) traits were collected and subjected to both variance and correlation analysis to determine the contribution of the individual genetic backgrounds towards plant resiliency.

Results:
Most lines were found resistant to rust species. The distribution of responses in the analyzed lines was bimodal in response to rusts and unimodal in response to powdery mildew or septoria. The resistance traits showed no correlation with heading date, plant height, and protein content. The yield traits did not correlate with the resistance to diseases except for stem rust (Rsp = 0.34**) and Septoria blight (Rsp = −0.23*). A negative correlation was observed between quality traits and grain yield, but quality traits correlated positively with each other.

Conclusion:
High diseases resistance trait correlates with low yield, reduced protein content or small grain. The frequency of lines combining pathogen resistance as measured by total yield with grain quality is low. The introgression lines provide a source of genes for improving disease and drought resistance of winter wheat.
Combining near-complete characterization with quantitation for lipid analysis in matrix using electron activated dissociation
Authors:   SCIEX, Pearson Mackenzie , Norris Paul , Anderson Ryan 
Published: November 2022

EAD has become a valuable tool for comprehensively characterizing glycerophospholipids and neutral lipidsâ€”from lipid class to double bond configurationâ€”on the ZenoTOF 7600 system. However, lipid mediators remain to be fully characterized using EAD analysis. This dissociation tool utilizes electron capture and excitation to provide richer molecular structure information compared to conventional CID. Limited information is often provided by CID, conversely the EAD cell produces diagnostic fragmentation that can be used to quantify, identify, and characterize lipid mediators. Lipid mediators are diverse in terms of the number of possible double bond and functional group positions and geometries; however, the number of distinct parent masses and fragment ion masses is relatively small due to these compounds being derived from a limited set of fatty acid precursors and having many shared structural features (e.g., conjugated dienes, trienes, and tetrataenes; usually 1-3 hydroxyl groups). As a result, liquid chromatography methods for lipid mediator profiling generally demands a longer run time on the order of 15 â€“ 20 minutes (or longer) to achieve sufficient separation of the hundreds of distinct mediators and their numerous epimers and other isobaric species.Â IDA was initially used with an inclusion list to trigger and collect spectra for a library of lipid mediator standards. Then, using scheduled MRMhr analysis, diagnostic fragments were monitored for PGE2 and PGD2 to quantify these two isoelemental compounds at the same chromatographic retention time. This newly described methodology for the characterization and quantitation of lipid mediators uses EAD on a ZenoTOF 7600 System. The rich MS/MS data produced by EAD contains unique fragment ions with patterns and intensities that can be used for complete lipid structural Â confirmation. Additionally, the scheduled MRMhr EAD experiment is sensitive, reproducible, and fast, enabling quantitation from diagnostic fragments from complex mixtures during rapid LC separation.
Correlating viscosity of 2-ethylhexyl oleic estolide esters to their molecular
weight
Authors:   USDA/ARS, Bantchev Grigor , Cermak Steven ,   USDA
Published: November 2022

Estolides are a relatively new class of biobased materials, and their viscosity
properties are not thoroughly investigated.Â The viscosity of thirteen 2-ethylhexyl
oleic estolide esters was measured at six temperatures between 20 and 100 Â°C.Â The
data was fitted with a dozen literature viscosity models. Most of the models were
three-parameters models, some were two-parameters, and one was four-parameter.Â Five of
the three-parameter models are theory-based, the rest are empirical.Â The jackknife
procedure was used to estimate the uncertainty of the fitted parameters. The
Mauro-Yue-Ellison-Gupta-Allan (MYEGA) model fitted best the experimental data.Â For the
theory-based models, correlations were derived between the fitted coefficients and the
molecular weight of the sample. The results allowed for simple prediction of the
viscosity of estolide esters as a function of the temperature, based only on
number-average molecular weight (or on the estolide number). The best model required
additional knowledge of the weight-average molecular weight.
Lipid oxidation in emulsions and bulk oils: A review of the importance of
micelles
Authors:   CIRAD, Villeneuve Pierre , Bourlieu-Lacanal Claire ,   INRAE/Univ
            Montpellier/Institut Agro, McClements David ,   Shell Global Solutions
            International B.V, Decker Eric ,   University of Massachusetts
            Amherst, Durand Erwann ,   CIRAD / UMR
            QUALISUD
Published: November 2022

Lipid oxidation is a major cause of quality deterioration in food or cosmetic
products.Â In these matrices, lipids are often present in a bulk or in emulsified
forms. In both systems, the rate, extent and pathway of oxidation are highly dependent
on the presence of colloidal structures and interfaces because these are the locations
where oxidation normally occurs. In bulk oils, reverse micelles (association colloids)
are present and are believed to play a crucial role on lipid oxidation.Â Conversely, in
emulsions, surfactant micelles are present that also play a major role in lipid
oxidation pathways. This review discusses the current understanding of the influence of
micellar structures on lipid oxidation. In particular, is discussed the major impact of
the presence of micelles in emulsions, or reverse micelles (association colloids) in
bulk oil on the oxidative stability of both systems. Indeed, both micelles in emulsions
and associate colloids in bulk oil are discussed as nanoscale structures that can serve
as reservoirs of antioxidants and pro-oxidants and are involved in their transport
within the concerned system. Their role as nanoreactors where lipid oxidation reactions
occur is also commented. Significance of your research to the AOCS membership? The
results underline the importance of a better understanding of the role of micelles in
the control of lipid oxidation in food or cosmetic products.