bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Pedestrian Facilities Performance
Authors: Hidayat N , Haryanto I , Isheka R P 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Most of sidewalks, especially in developing countries, are roled as public area with many social activities besides as the main function for serving pedestrian movement. Therefore, sidewalks may need some facilities to support user activities, namely benches, planting, including stalls for street vendors. The aims of this research is to evaluate pedestrian facilities in two different characteristic zone y.i. residential and business area in Yogyakarta city using Pedestrian Index (P-Index) method. The data are collected in KHA Dahlan-H Agus Salim-Kauman coridors, and Sudirman-Suroto coridors, that both coridors are considered residential and business area in downtown of Yogyakarta. Some variables are taken in to account, namely mobility, safety, facility, and accessibility. The results reveal that the pedestrian facilities are supportive towards pedestrians. The sidewalk in Sudirman-Suroto corridors are better in safety aspect, but must be improved.
Is smart water meter temporal resolution a limiting factor to residential water end-use classification? A quantitative experimental analysis
Authors: Heydari Zahra , Cominola Andrea , Stillwell Ashlynn S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Water monitoring in households provides occupants and utilities with key information to support water conservation and efficiency in the residential sector. High costs, intrusiveness, and practical complexity limit appliance-level monitoring via sub-meters on every water-consuming end use in households. Non-intrusive machine learning methods have emerged as promising techniques to analyze observed data collected by a single meter at the inlet of the house and estimate the disaggregated contribution of each water end use. While fine temporal resolution data allow for more accurate end-use disaggregation, there is an inevitable increase in the amount of data that needs to be stored and analyzed. To explore this tradeoff and advance previous studies based on synthetic data, we first collected 1 s resolution indoor water use data from a residential single-point smart water metering system installed at a four-person household, as well as ground-truth end-use labels based on a water diary recorded over a 4-week study period. Second, we trained a supervised machine learning model (random forest classifier) to classify six water end-use categories across different temporal resolutions and two different model calibration scenarios. Finally, we evaluated the results based on three different performance metrics (micro, weighted, and macro F1 scores). Our findings show that data collected at 1- to 5-s intervals allow for better end-use classification (weighted F-score higher than 0.85), particularly for toilet events; however, certain water end uses (e.g., shower and washing machine events) can still be predicted with acceptable accuracy even at coarser resolutions, up to 1 min, provided that these end-use categories are well represented in the training dataset. Overall, our study provides insights for further water sustainability research and widespread deployment of smart water meters.
The Use of Time Flow Analysis to Describe Changes in Physical Ergonomic Work Behaviours Following a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Participatory Ergonomic Intervention
Authors: Lund Rasmussen Charlotte , Holtermann Andreas , Hron Karel , Dumuid Dorothea , Nørregaard Rasmussen Charlotte Diana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimEvaluations of participatory ergonomic interventions are often challenging as these types of interventions are tailored to the context and need of the workplace in which they are implemented. We aimed to describe how time flow analysis can be used to describe changes in work behaviours following a participatory ergonomic intervention.MethodThis study was based on data from a two-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial with 29 childcare institutions and 116 workers (intervention: n = 60, control: n = 56). Physical behaviours at work were technically measured at baseline and 4-month follow-up. Physical behaviours were expressed in terms of relative work time spent forward bending of the back ≥30°, kneeling, active (i.e. walking, stair climbing and running) and sedentary. Average time flow from baseline to follow-up were calculated for both groups to investigate if work time was allocated differently at follow-up.ResultsA total of 116 workers (60 in the intervention and 56 in the control group) had valid accelerometer at baseline and follow-up. The largest group difference in time flowing from baseline to follow-up was observed for forward bending of the back and time spent kneeling. Compared to the control, the intervention group had less time flowing from forward bending of the back to kneeling (intervention: +11 min day, control: +16 min day) and more time flowing from kneeling to sedentary behaviours (intervention: +15 min day, control: +10 min day).ConclusionThe results of this study showed that time flow analysis can be used to reveal changes in work time-use following a participatory ergonomic intervention. For example, the analysis revealed that the intervention group had replaced more work time spent kneeling with sedentary behaviours compared to the control group. This type of information on group differences in time reallocations would not have been possible to obtain by comparing group differences in work time-use following the intervention, supporting the usefulness of time flow analysis as a tool to evaluate complex, context-specific interventions.
A-7 Extending the Quantified Process Approach - Application of Nonlinear Models Toward the Understanding of Neurocognitive Decline Across the Lifespan
Authors: Poreh Amir 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: In this presentation, I will extend the Reliability Theory of Cognitive Decline and examine the emergence of infrequent errors on neurocognitive tests following cognitive decline or brain insult.
Data Selection: Unpublished, meta norms (Figure 1), data published by Poreh (2020) (Figure 2), and cognitive/genetic data collected by the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) will be used to illustrate the validity and utility of the model.
Data Synthesis: Nonlinear models will be presented to show how performance on various neuropsychological tests declines across the life span and how the threshold and rate of decline are impacted by education and genetics (Figures 3a and 3b). Next, a new theoretical model will be used to explain how task-specific neurocognitive systems (neural networks) fail. The “time to failure” curve-fitting hazard model (Figure 4) will be used to illustrate how this process occurs and how this method can be applied to the development of age-based norms for such errors on neuropsychological tests.
Conclusions: This cohesive empirical model extends on the Quantified Process Approach using cross-sectional and longitudinal neuropsychological data. This model allows clinicians to understand the effect of education on cognition decline (also known as “brain reserve capacity”), genetic predisposition, and heuristic biases regarding cognitive aging.
A-9 Cognitive Associations to Accelerated Brain Aging in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Román Cristina , O'Shea Dede , Vargas Gray , DeLuca John , Arnett Peter A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Accelerated brain aging (ABA) has been identified in neurological/psychological populations and associated with poorer outcomes. Though studies in multiple sclerosis (MS) are limited, ABA in MS has been linked to disease progression and disability. What remains unknown is how ABA is related to cognitive functioning in MS. We hypothesized that greater levels of ABA would be associated with poorer performance on cognitive tests and higher levels of disability in persons with MS (pwMS).
Method: Each participant’s (N&#3f40; ages 35+) “brain age” was calculated using structural MRI and ENIGMA’s brain age model. ABA was estimated by subtracting chronological age from brain age, with higher positive values representing greater ABA. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score measured level of disability. Raw scores for BICAMS tests [Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II), and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test (BVMT-R)] were used.
Results: Given a priori hypotheses, one-tailed partial correlations, correcting for intracranial volume and sex, were conducted. Results showed a significant inverse correlation between ABA and SDMT performance (r = −0.39, p = 0.005), such that ABA was related to poorer performance on the SDMT. In addition, ABA was significantly related to EDSS score (r = 0.32, p = 0.02). No significant associations were found between ABA and CVLT-II or BVMT-R scores.
Conclusion: This is among the first studies to examine ABA and cognition in MS. Previous findings demonstrating a relationship between ABA and disability were also replicated. These results hold promise for interventions that mitigate the effects of ABA in this patient group.
A-12 Physical Activity Attenuates the Effect of Pain on Depression Symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Bradson Megan L , Riegler Kaitlin E , Thomas Garrett A , Arnett Peter A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study examined physical activity as a potential moderator of the relationship between pain and depression symptoms in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). We hypothesized that pain would predict depression symptoms only in PwMS with low physical activity.
Method: Fifty-four PwMS (38 female) completed a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and questionnaires. Pain was operationalized as a composite of measures from the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). The metabolic equivalents (METs) of energy expended during vigorous activity (VA), moderate activity (MA), and walking, as well as global activity which combined the three, were derived from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) based on parameters previously used by Dlugonski et al. (2011). Lower METs suggest less physical activity. The Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen (BDI-FS) was used to measure depression symptoms. Linear regressions on depression examining pain, each physical activity index, and their interactions were explored.
Results: Regression analyses showed that the interaction between pain and global MET significantly predicted depression (p = 0.01). Simple effects tests revealed that pain predicted depression symptoms only in PwMS with low MET scores (p &lt; 0.001). The separate interactions between pain and VA, MA, and walking predicting depression symptoms were not significant.
Conclusion: We found that global physical activity moderated the relationship between pain and depression in MS. Specifically, pain predicted depression symptoms in PwMS who engaged in less physical activity. These results highlight the importance of screening PwMS for pain and suggest that interventions aimed at increasing overall physical activity may be useful in improving depression outcomes in PwMS with pain.
A-105 The Utility of Subjective Reports in Predicting Objective Prospective Memory Outcomes in Amnestic and Non-Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Aldaco Juan Pablo Hernandez , Olmos Winter , Baez Abril , O'Brien Tanner , Kozuki Jordan , Alving Loren , Lent David , Woo Ellen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Prospective memory (PM) involves remembering to carry out an intended action in the future and is impacted in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (ad). Subjective ratings have been used in reporting patient PM outcomes. This study examined the utility of subjective reports in predicting objective PM in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI) and healthy older adults.
Methods: Participants included 58 healthy controls (HC), 37 persons with aMCI, and 28 individuals with naMCI. Subjective reports were assessed using caregiver and participant ratings on the Prospective-Retrospective Memory Questionnaire. An objective PM measure was used during the neuropsychological assessment. Simple PM involves remembering to request any pill after a task. Complex PM involves remembering to request the correct number of pills after each task.
Results: Linear regression analyses revealed that subjective caregiver and participant ratings predicted simple PM performance for only the HC group, where caregiver reports were unique predictors. Subjective caregiver and participant ratings were not predictive of complex PM performance in any of the groups.
Conclusion: Results indicate that subjective caregiver reports were only predictive of healthy participants’ objective simple PM outcomes. This indicates that generally overall subjective ratings are not a substitute for actual PM outcomes in ad and MCI groups. In conclusion, researchers and clinicians should not rely solely on subjective reports in predicting objective outcomes.
A-106 Diagnostic Predictive Utility of Perceived Subjective Cognitive Complaints Measured by Ascertain Dementia 8 (AD8)
Authors: Brundage Katie , Holtzer Roee 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Literature regarding the association between the presence and persistence of subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) and cognitive impairments is inconsistent. Therefore, we examined whether SCCs status (no/non-persistent/persistent SCCs), predicted the risk of developing incident Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).
Methods: Participants were dementia-free community-residing older adults. We assessed SCCs at the baseline visit and via bi-monthly structured phone interviews during the first study year using the Ascertain Dementia 8 (AD8). Non-persistent status required one SCCs endorsement and Persistent status required two or more SCCs endorsements. Cognitive status was determined by established case conference diagnostic procedures. Participants were followed annually up to 5 years. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), logistic model type, were used to determine the odds of developing MCI during follow-up. The presence and persistence of SCCs served as the three-level predictor. Analyses adjusted for age, sex, education, ethnicity, and health status.
Results: The sample (n = 454; mean age = 75.67 ± 6.43; %female = 55.3) included 245 participants who reported no SCCs, 105 who reported 1 SCCs and 104 who reported 2 or more SCCs. 59 participants developed MCI during follow-up. GEE results showed that compared to no SCCs, persistent SCCs (OR = 3.004, 95% CI = 1.503–6.003, p = 0.002), and non-persistent endorsements of SCCs (OR = 3.760, 95%CI = 1.946–7.265, p &lt; 0.001) were significantly associated with increased odds of developing MCI during follow-up.
Conclusions: The presence of SCCs regardless of its persistence was associated with increased odds of developing MCI among older adults.
A-109 Perceived Stress and Executive Function in Aging in The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing
Authors: Steele Bailey A , Richardson Emily D , Thayer Rachel E , Whisman Mark A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: The study was conducted to examine (a) the cross-sectional association between perceived stress (PS) and executive function (EF), accounting for demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms; and (b) age as a moderator of the association between PS and EF, accounting for demographics and depressive symptoms.
Method: Analyses were conducted on participants who completed Wave 1 of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), a probability sample of individuals age &gt; 50 years. PS was measured by self-report and EF was measured by Color Trails 2 completion time and Color Trails 2 – Color Trails 1 difference in completion time. Participants with MMSE scores&lt;18 were excluded; the final sample included 5130 adults (54.3% women) with a mean age of 62.6 years.
Results: Linear regression analyses indicated PS was significantly and positively associated with (a) Color Trails 2 completion time (b = 8.31, p &lt; 0.001); and (b) Color Trails difference in completion time (b = 5.03, p &lt; 0.001). These associations remained significant when adjusting for demographic covariates and depressive symptoms. Age moderated the association between PS and EF (ps &lt; 0.001), such that the strength of the association between PS and EF was stronger for older adults; the interaction remained significant when adjusting for demographics and depressive symptoms.
Conclusions: Results suggest that (a) PS may negatively impact EF; (b) the association is independent of demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms; and (c) the negative impact of PS on EF may be more pronounced for older adults. Clinicians may consider assessing severity of PS when administering EF measures to account for psychological factors contributing to cognitive functioning.
A-111 Validation of a Rapid Screening Measure for The Early Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults
Authors: Scott Bonnie M , Fernandez Dariella A , Largent Avery , Foil Heather , Schmitz Suzanne , Brouillette Robert , Keller Jeff , Hilsabeck Robin C 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Examine the psychometric properties and classification accuracy of a digit symbol substitution task (DSST) to screen for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults.
Methods: Twenty-seven older adults with MCI and 50 demographically-matched healthy controls (HC) over age 60 completed the MMSE, Quick MCI (Qmci), and DSST, the latter of which was administered twice to examine the added utility of practice effects.
Results: Patients with MCI performed significantly worse than their HC counterparts on the MMSE (η2 = 0.191), Qmci (η2 = 0.153), and the first (η2 = 0.337) and second (η2 = 0.393) administration of the DSST. HC participants also demonstrated significantly greater practice effects than those with MCI who did not appear to benefit from task repetition (mean score increases of 7.4 and 0.5, respectively). The DSST exhibited excellent within-session test–retest reliability (R2 = 0.774) and was more strongly correlated with Qmci (R2 = 0.311) than MMSE (R2 = 0.112) scores. ROC analyses indicated that a cutoff score of 23.5 for the first administration (AUC = 0.860) and 27.5 for the second administration (AUC = 0.900) of the DSST were associated with superior classification accuracy to that of the MMSE (AUC = 0.759) and Qmci (AUC = 0.777). DSST difference scores (AUC = 0.764) reflecting within-session practice effects were slightly superior to the MMSE but not the Qmci. In logistic regression analyses, scores from the first administration of the DSST significantly predicted group membership and the addition of practice effects significantly improved model fit (p &lt; 0.001) resulting in an overall classification accuracy of 85.1%.
Conclusions: Findings suggest that the DSST is a valid and reliable rapid screening measure which may prove useful for clinicians and researchers alike.
A-113 Comparison of Two Depression Screeners in a Memory Clinic Population
Authors: Szemko Julianne N , Roccaforte Analise , Yousif Mairy , Gorres Kaci , Sohoni Ruta , LoGalbo Anthony 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: The present study examines the degree of agreement between the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) in detecting depression in older adults (ages 65+) in a memory disorder clinic sample.
Method: Data from 100 memory disorder clinic patients, ages 65–93 (M = 79.67, SD = 6.66; 57% female) was utilized. Participants were included if they completed all items of both depression questionnaires regardless of diagnosis (e.g., dementia, mild cognitive impairment, within normal limits). Patients’ scores on the PHQ-9 and GDS were obtained as part of a brief neuropsychological battery and included as variables in this study.
Results: Using established cutoffs for mild depression on each questionnaire, a Chi-square test of independence determined that there was significant agreement between the two, χ2(1) = 38.87, p &lt; 0.001. Specifically, 81% of participants were classified by both questionnaires as either depressed or not depressed. Additionally, a Pearson’s correlation revealed that PHQ-9 scores were significantly correlated with GDS scores, r = 0.62, p &lt; 0.001.
Conclusion: Results suggest a moderate correlation and degree of agreement between the PHQ-9 and GDS for detecting depression in a memory disorder clinic population. However, 13% of participants were identified as depressed only on the PHQ-9, while 6% were identified as depressed only on the GDS, suggesting that these two questionnaires are assessing depression in slightly different ways. Future research should attempt to replicate these findings and determine which instrument is more accurate in diagnosing depression in this population.
A-114 Feasibility of Telehealth Compensatory Cognitive Training for Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Difficulties
Authors: Stypulkowski Katie , Anquillare Elizabeth , Thayer Rachel E 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: Older adults (OA) experiencing mild cognitive difficulties (MCD) may benefit from compensatory cognitive training (CCT) to address cognitive changes. CCT is typically delivered in person, which was not possible during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study sought to investigate the feasibility of a telehealth CCT program among OA with MCD.
Method: Adults age 55+ with documented MCD (n = 28) and an optional care partner (CP; n = 18) were recruited for video-chat delivery of a 6-week, motivationally-enhanced CCT program. Participants and CPs rated technological interference following sessions on a 0 to 100 scale (higher scores = less interference), as did clinicians. Participants and CPs also provided feedback on the benefits and drawbacks of telehealth. Feasibility was assessed by tracking enrollment and completion rates, session ratings, and qualitative feedback.
Results: Of 78 potential participants, only 6% declined participation due to telehealth delivery. Eighty-six percent of participants (N = 24/28) completed the program, and no dropouts were due to telehealth. Participants (M = 81.32, SD = 25.61) and clinicians (M = 76.24, SD = 33.37) rated technological interference as occurring infrequently, though 4% of sessions were rescheduled due to technological problems. Qualitative feedback highlighted the convenience of telehealth and the drawback of mild frustration while navigating technical interference.
Conclusion: Telehealth CCT was found to be feasible among OA with MCD and their CPs. Telehealth delivery was not a barrier to recruitment, enrollment, or completion of the program, and technological problems were mostly minor. The feasibility of telehealth CCT could increase access to underserved OA and, in turn, support early detection and intervention among an at-risk population.