bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3‐Octanoylthio‐1‐propyltriethoxysilane functionalized silica/rubber composites for application in tire: Structure, performance and synergism
Authors: Das Saikat , Pal Kaushik , Chattopadhyay Santanu , Bhowmick Anil K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIncreasing the polymer‐filler interaction is a challenge to develop high performance rubber composites. In this study, a new blocked mercaptosilane (3‐Octanoylthio‐1‐propyltriethoxysilane) was used to increase the rubber‐silica interaction by modifying highly dispersible silica and fumed silica surface with this silane. A two‐step process was used for the modification. Successful hydrolysis and condensation reaction was proved by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. Grafting density and grafting percentage were determined using thermogravimetric analysis. The modified silica/rubber composites were compared with the compositions where silane was separately added during mixing. Dynamic modulus versus strain signatures demonstrated strong polymer‐filler interaction after functionalization of the silica surface. The composites containing modified silica demonstrated improved mechanical properties and abrasion resistance over the unmodified one, which were correlated with the dispersion index. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed 28% improvement of rolling resistance and 67% improvement of ice traction after modification. Amount of silane modified silica also varied in total filler loading for precipitated silica/rubber composites. Silica‐rubber composites, where hybrid silica structure (75/25 modified and pristine silica ratio) was used, displayed interesting property to fulfill the requirement of green tire composites. Such a finding can be extended to developing tires for energy efficient vehicles.
Fabrication and characterization of novel polyurethane Encapsulant with excellent underwater acoustic transparency and hydrophobicity
Authors: Li Zhihua , Zhang Yidan , Yan Shuxuan , Zhang Yibo , Liu Mengmei , Gong Liangjun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe preparation of underwater acoustically transparent polyurethane with excellent acoustic transparency, hydrophobicity, and electrical insulation is the current bottleneck prior in the underwater acoustic system. In this work, we synthesized a series of acoustically transparent polybutadiene‐based polyurethane (FPU) modified with a,ω‐dihydroxypoly[(3,3,3‐trifluoropropyl)methylsiloxane] (PTFPMS) by prepolymerization method. The influence of the PTFPMS content on the hydrophobicity, acoustic transparency, electrical insulation, and mechanical properties of FPU were investigated. When the amount of PTFPMS was 10 wt%, the water absorption of FPU reached the minimum of 0.261%, which was 42.9% lower than that of neat polyurethane. Moreover, the acoustic impedance of FPU decreased to 1.584 × 105 g/cm2∙s, which was very close to that of seawater and indicated a favorable acoustic transparency. In addition, the volume resistivity and surface resistivity of FPU were 5.20 × 1014 Ω cm and 2.42 × 1014 Ω cm, respectively, suggesting an excellent electrical insulation. These results revealed that the as‐prepared FPU has promising applications in the fields of underwater acoustically transparent encapsulant.
Factors promoting breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screenings participation: A systematic review
Authors: Vallone Federica , Lemmo Daniela , Martino Maria Luisa , Donizzetti Anna Rosa , Freda Maria Francesca , Palumbo Francesco , Lorenzo Elvira , D’Argenzio Angelo , Caso Daniela 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aims at systematically reviewing research conducted on factors promoting breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screenings participation.MethodsA literature search in MEDLINE/PubMed and PsycInfo from January 2017 to October 2021 was performed. Data extraction, researchers' full agreement and the inclusion criteria produced 102 eligible studies. Data were narratively synthesized and critically interpreted.ResultsMultiple factors favoring or hindering breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screenings were identified and summarized as factors operating at the individual level (background information, individual characteristics, emotions related to screening procedure and to cancer, knowledge and awareness), at the relational level (relationships with healthcare staff, significant others, community members), and at the healthcare system level (systems barriers/policy, lack of staff). A critical appraisal of studies revealed a fragmentation in the literature, with a compartmentalization of studies by type of cancer screening, country and specific populations of destination.ConclusionsOverall findings indicated that greater integration of research results obtained independently for each cancer diagnosis and within the different countries/populations could foster a more comprehensive understanding of factors potentially enhancing the participation in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screenings worldwide. This review, which is grounded in the current context of globalization and superdiversification in population, can help to enhance a better integration between research and practices, by supporting the development of more effective and inclusive evidence‐based interventions and health‐promotion campaigns worldwide. Research and practical implications are highlighted and discussed.
An uncommon cause of spontaneous pneumothorax in a febrile infant: Atypical Kawasaki disease
Authors: Egala Abhinavya , Hariharan Raja , Sarangarajan Sanjana , Puntambekar Anagha , Lama Madhurima V. , Ramamoorthy Jaikumar G. , Anantharaj Avinash , Selvan Tamil 
Published: July 2022

AbstractKawasaki disease after respiratory viral infections is often observed but following Human Metapneumovirus infection (HMPV) is uncommon. Pulmonary presentation of Kawasaki disease without its classical features, though uncommon, can present as bronchopneumonia refractory to routine supportive care and antibiotics treatment. Lung collapse and pneumothorax as a pulmonary presentation of atypical Kawasaki disease are described very infrequently. We report an infant with atypical Kawasaki disease secondary to Human Metapneumovirus infection where the above pulmonary complications were observed.
Efficacy of polyherbal formulations for prevention of COVID‐19 infection in high‐risk subjects: A randomized open‐label controlled clinical trial
Authors: Chandra Kailash , Das Ayan Kumar , Banday Sumeera , Rana Naushad Ali , Arora Mohini , Jain Sonal , Islam Farzana , Agarwal Shashank , Kashyap Varun , Joshi Santosh , Mueed Asad , Dudeja Mridu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCOVID‐19 is arguably the biggest health crisis the world has faced in the 21st century. Therefore, two of the polyherbal formulations, Infuza and Kulzam were assessed for the prevention of COVID‐19 infection as a repurposed medication. Four hundred seven high‐risk subjects were recruited in the present open‐label randomized controlled clinical trial for eligibility. After assessment for eligibility, remaining 251 subjects were randomized to the test and control groups. Further, 52 high‐risk subjects in Infuza, 51 in Kulzam, 51 in Infuza & Kulzam and 53 in control group completed the 14 days of intervention/assessment. The phenotyping of lymphocytes at baseline (0 day) and after 14 days of treatment was carried out by flow cytometry assays. A total of 15.09% high‐risk subjects in control group turned positive as compared to only 7.69% in Infuza, 3.92% in Kulzam and 1.96% in Infuza & Kulzam groups. The rate of conversion to COVID‐19 infection in Infuza & Kulzam group was minimal and statistically significant as compared to control group (p0.017). No significant changes in phenotype of lymphocytes (T, B, NK cells), absolute lymphocyte count and cytokine levels were found in study groups. However, there was a decreasing trend of hs‐CRP level in high‐risk subjects after intervention of polyherbal formulations for 14 days. The combination of Infuza and Kulzam may synergistically prevent COVID‐19 infection in high‐risk subjects of COVID‐19.
Response of surface soil nutrients and organic carbon fractions to tillage erosion vs. water erosion in an agricultural landscape
Authors: Zhao Pengzhi , Li Lu , Lin Lin , Zhai Guoqing , Cruse Richard M. , Wang Enheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA mechanistic understanding of nutrient movement associated with the erosion process is required to formulate precision soil conservation measures. We explored the response of surface soil nutrients and soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions to tillage erosion and water erosion. Tillage and water erosion rates were estimated by the directional tillage erosion model and revised universal soil loss equation, respectively. One hundred and twelve surface soil samples (0–20 cm) were collected from a sloping farmland (3.6 ha) in the Mollisols region of China. Soils were analyzed for total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total SOC, particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC). Results showed that no significant relation between TN and tillage or water erosion rates exists at any slope position. The TP distribution is more affected by water erosion than tillage erosion. Water erosion also played a greater role in controlling distribution of DOC than tillage erosion, whereas POC distribution was more sensitive to tillage erosion. In addition, we observed a contrasting relationship between MBC and water erosion for the mild erosion (r = −.43, P < .05) vs. intense erosion scenario (r = .38, P < .05). This shift indicates a possible dual role of microbes in SOC cycling associated with water erosion: mild erosion (averaged 17.4 t ha−1 yr−1) depletes microbial biomass and contributes to SOC mineralization, whereas intense erosion (averaged 54.6 t ha−1 yr−1) may lead to a shift in microbial structure thus promoting the dynamic replacement of SOC at eroding sites.
Soil total carbon and nitrogen as indicators of rice response to supplemental fertilizer nitrogen
Authors: Fulford Anthony M. , Roberts Trenton Lee 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSupplemental fertilizer N recommendations for flood‐irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) have been developed with tests that quantify plant‐available N within the effective rooting depth. Alkaline hydrolyzable‐nitrogen (AH‐N) soil test methods were recently used to successfully guide supplemental fertilizer‐N management decisions of drill‐seeded, delayed‐flood rice, stimulating interest in evaluating additional indicators of N availability such as soil total carbon (STC) and soil total nitrogen (STN). Our first objective was to evaluate the relationship among STC, STN, and AH‐N to a depth of 60 cm. Our second objective was to correlate STC and STN to rice N uptake and grain yield and develop calibration regression models that identified the yield maximizing N rate (FN 95%RGY). The STC and STN were significantly and positively related to AH‐N when clayey soils were sampled to >15‐cm depth and the coefficient of determination (r2) exhibited a range of .22–.70 for STN and .26–.75 for STC. Overall, STC and STN were significantly related to rice N uptake, unfertilized grain yield (Yield0N), or relative grain yield (RGY) and r2 values tended to be greatest at a 30‐cm depth or only nominally improve when sampling depth exceeded 30 cm. Calibration of STC and STN to predict FN 95%RGY was successfully completed, but all linear regressions had r2 < .40. The influence of sampling depth on the ability of STC and STN to serve as indicators of rice response to supplemental N fertilization demonstrates the utility of sampling within the rice plant's effective rooting depth.
3D Stereophotogrammetry in Children and Adolescents with Scleroderma En Coup De Sabre/Parry-Romberg Syndrome: Description of a Novel Method for Monitoring Disease Progression
Authors: Ter Horst Rutger , Maal Thomas J. J. , de Koning Martien J. J. , Mertens Jorre S. , Schatorjé Ellen J. H. , Hoppenreijs Esther P. , Seyger Marieke M. B. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
The diagnosis of Scleroderma En Coup de Sabre (ECDS)/Parry Romberg Syndrome (PRS) is mainly based on characteristic clinical findings. Methods to objectively monitor the course of the disease in a standardized way are lacking.

Objectives
This descriptive, retrospective, single centre cohort study aims to describe the contribution of 3D photographs in the assessment of the degree of facial asymmetry changes over time in growing children and adolescents with ECDS and PRS.

Methods
Six patients diagnosed with ECDS/PRS, with a follow-up period of at least 24 months and at least three 3D photographs were included. Mirroring these 3D photographs was automatically performed using surface-based matching to generate a colour-coded distance map, illustrating the inter-surface distance and thereby asymmetry between the original and mirrored 3D photographs. The percentage of absolute distances between the original and mirrored 3D photograph were calculated.

Results
In two patients, impressive decreases in the percentages of absolute distance levels over time were found, whereas the other patients did not show progression of asymmetry over time.

Conclusion
This study shows the potential of 3D stereophotogrammetry as an objective tool to measure disease activity over time in patients with ECDS/PRS.
The interplay between home and host institutions on CBA ownership decision
Authors: Krug Juliano , Falaster Christian Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCross‐border acquisitions (CBAs) are one of the key strategies for internationalization. However, most of what is known about CBA strategies relies on the effects of the host country's environment or the home country's conditions. In this article, we analyze the interplay between these two important factors. We show that companies from less institutionally developed countries are more influenced by poor institutional conditions found in host countries. We analyzed a dataset of 1,390 cross‐border acquisitions performed by Latin American firms. The literature on the subject points out that less developed host environments lead to fewer shares of ownership acquired in CBAs. However, we confirmed that the quality of the home country's institutional environment positively moderates the effects of the host environment over ownership choice in the acquisition. This effect is due to companies from less developed environments being able to use their embedded capabilities to better navigate faulty institutional environments abroad.
Spatial Metrics to Validate Land Use Cover Maps
Authors: García-Álvarez David , Paegelow Martin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhen validating Land Use Cover (LUC) products, pattern analysis can be used to assess the agreement between the patterns of two maps. It therefore complements other methods and techniques that focus exclusively on the quantity (proportions) and allocation agreement between the categories. Spatial metrics are the first step for any analysis of the patterns of categorical maps. With the wide range of spatial metrics available, it is possible to fully characterize the pattern of any map. It can also be characterized in greater detail using other more complex techniques, as explained in the next chapter of this book (Chap. “Advanced Pattern Analysis to Validate Land Use Cover Maps”). This chapter provides an introduction to the essentials of pattern analysis by explaining the theory behind the calculations of spatial metrics. To this end, we offer examples of how to use spatial metrics to validate LUC maps (either single maps or series) and Land Use Cover Change (LUCC) simulations from modelling exercises. We also include two example exercises illustrating how spatial metrics can be used for general purposes of pattern characterization without validation. Despite all the spatial metrics currently available, in this chapter we will be focusing exclusively on the most common and most suitable metrics for carrying out the type of analyses being performed here. Most of the spatial metrics proposed in the literature are closely related. This means that users must select the metrics that provide most information for their specific cases, so as to avoid reiteration and make sure that clear conclusions are reached. The example exercises were drawn up with maps (CORINE, SIOSE) and modelling exercises from the Asturias Central Area and Ariège Valley databases.
Global General Land Use Cover Datasets with a Time Series of Maps
Authors: García-Álvarez David , Lara Hinojosa Javier , Jurado Pérez Francisco José , Quintero Villaraso Jaime 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGeneral Land Use Cover (LUC) datasets provide a holistic picture of all the land uses and covers on Earth, without focusing specifically on any individual land use category. As opposed to the LUC maps which are only available for one date or year, reviewed in Chap. “Global General Land Use Cover Datasets with a Single Date”, the maps with time series allow users to study LUC change over time. Time series of general LUC datasets at a global scale is useful for understanding global patterns of LUC change and their relation with global processes such as climate change or the loss of biodiversity. MCD12Q1, also known as MODIS Land Cover, was the first time series of LUC maps to be produced on a global scale. When it was first launched in 2002, there were already many organizations and researchers working on accurate, detailed global LUC maps, although these were all one-off editions for single years. The MCD12Q1 dataset continues to be updated today, providing a series of maps for the period 2001–2018. Since the launch of MCD12Q1, many other historical series of LUC maps have been produced, especially in the last decade. This has resulted in the LUC map series covering a longer time period at higher spatial resolution. Recent efforts have focused on producing consistent time series of maps that can track LUC changes over time with low levels of uncertainty. GLCNMO (500 m), GlobCover (300 m) and GLC250 (250 m) provide time series of LUC maps at similar spatial resolutions to MCD12Q1 (500 m), although for fewer reference years. GLCNMO provides information for the years 2003, 2008 and 2013, GlobCover for 2005 and 2009 and GLC250 for 2001 and 2010. GLASS-GLC is the dataset with the coarsest spatial resolution of all those reviewed in this chapter (5 km), even though it was released very recently, in 2020. Map producers have focused on this dataset’s long timespan (1982–2015) rather than on its spatial detail. LC-CCI and CGLS-LC100 are the recently launched datasets providing a consistent series of LUC maps, which show LUC changes over time with lower levels of uncertainty. LC-CCI provides LUC information for one of the longest timespans reviewed here (1992–2018) at a spatial resolution of 300 m. CGLS-LC100 provides LUC information for a shorter period (2015–2019) but at a higher spatial resolution (100 m). In both cases, updates are scheduled. The datasets with the highest levels of spatial detail are FROM-GLC and GLC30. These were produced using highly detailed Landsat imagery, delivering time series of maps at 30 m. The FROM-GLC project even has a test LUC map at a spatial resolution of 10 m from Sentinel-2 imagery for the year 2017, making it the global dataset with the greatest spatial detail of all those reviewed in this book. Both FROM-GLC and GLC30 provide data for three different dates: the former for 2010, 2015 and 2017 and the latter for 2000, 2010 and 2020.
Global Thematic Land Use Cover Datasets Characterizing Artificial Covers
Authors: García-Álvarez David , Lara Hinojosa Javier , Jurado Pérez Francisco José 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe mapping of artificial covers at a global scale has received increasing attention in recent years. Numerous thematic global Land Use Cover (LUC) datasets focusing on artificial surfaces have been produced at increasingly high spatial resolutions and using methods that ensure improved levels of accuracy. In fact, there are several long time series of maps showing the evolution of artificial surfaces from the 1980s to the present. Most of them allow for change detection over time, which is possible, thanks to the high level of accuracy at which artificial surfaces can be mapped and because transitions from artificial to non-artificial covers are very rare. Global thematic LUC datasets characterizing artificial covers usually map the extent or percentage of artificial or urban areas across the world. They do not provide thematic detail on the different uses or covers that make up artificial or urban surfaces. Unlike other general or thematic LUC datasets, those focusing on artificial covers make extensive use of radar data. In several cases, optical and radar imagery have been used together, as each source provides complementary information. Global Urban Expansion 1992–2016 and ISA, which were produced at a spatial resolution of 1 km, are the coarsest of the nine datasets reviewed in this chapter. ISA provides information on the percentage of impervious surface area per pixel. The GHSL edition of 2014 and the GMIS at 30 m also provide sub-pixel information, whereas all the other datasets reviewed here only map the extent of artificial/impervious/urban areas. Most of the datasets reviewed in this chapter were produced at a spatial resolution of 30 m. This is due to the extensive use of Landsat imagery in the production of these datasets. Landsat provides a long, high-resolution series of satellite imagery that enables effective mapping of the evolution of impervious surfaces at detailed scales. Of the datasets produced at 30 m, Global Urban Land maps artificial covers for seven different dates between 1980 and 2015, while GHSL does the same for five different dates between 1987 and 2016, although the map for the last date was produced at 20 m. GUB maps the extent of urban land for seven dates between 1990 and 2018 and was produced together with GAIA, which provides an annual series of maps for the period 1985–2018. HBASE, GMIS and GISM, also at 30 m, are only available for one reference year. The same is true of GUF and WSF, which were produced as part of the same effort to map global artificial surfaces as accurately as possible. They provide the most detailed datasets up to date, with spatial resolutions of 12 m (GUF) and 10 m (WSF). Future updates of WSF will produce a consistent time series of global LC maps of artificial areas from the 1980s to the present. It aims to be the longest, most detailed, most accurate dataset ever produced on this subject.