bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training old dogs to do new tricks: A general multi-pronged activation approach for natural product discovery in Actinomycetes
Authors: Tay Dillon , Tan Lee Ling , Heng Elena , Zulkarnain Nadiah , Ching Kuan Chieh , Wibowo Mario , Chin Elaine , Tan Zann , Leong Chung Yan , Ng Veronica , Yang Lay Kien , Seow Deborah , Koduru Lokanand , Kanagasundaram Yoganathan , Ng Siew Bee , Lim Yee Hwee , Wong Fong Tian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Natural products are a family of diverse compounds with multiple impactful applications, especially in therapeutics. Recent advances in genomics and bioinformatics have also hinted at vast untapped chemical potential within Nature. However, despite the many strategies available for activation and upregulation of natural product biosyntheses in native and heterologous microbial strains, there is yet to be a generalizable and efficient approach for interrogating diverse native strain collections. Here, we describe and demonstrate a flexible and robust one-step integrase-mediated genetic- and cultivation-based approach to perturb and activate antibiotics production in a set of 54 actinobacterial strains. Our multi-pronged strategy significantly increases accessible metabolite space by two-fold, resulting in the discovery of the first example of Gram-negative bioactivity in new tetramic acid analogs. We envision these results to serve as the first step toward a more streamlined, accelerated, and scalable strategy to unlock the full potential of Nature’s chemical repertoire.
Using radiomics to predict microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma based on multi-sequence gadoxetate disodium–enhanced MRI combined with clinical parameters
Authors: Wang Qinghua , Tan Yongming , Yang Hongan , Zhang Jingrun , Lei Xiong , Liu Meng , He Laichang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives:
A radiomics machine learning model based on multimodal liver imaging and clinical data was established, and the application value of this model in the preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was analyzed.
Methods:
The preoperative liver MRI data and clinical information of 130 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from March 2020 to September 2021 were retrospectively studied. According to the patients’ MVI status, they were divided into an MVI-positive group (MVI+) and an MVI-negative group (MVI-). The preoperative clinical parameters were taken as the clinical features, and the radiomics features were extracted from seven sequences of Gadoxetate disodium–enhanced MRI to construct the R-score. At the same time, the apparent imaging features of HCC were evaluated by radiologists. After LASSO screening, each group of features was used to build a single-factor or multifactor machine learning model, including four models: random forest (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Support vector machine with rbf kernel function(rbf-SVM), and logistic regression (LR). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves of the test cohort were used to evaluate the performance of various models, and finally, the best model was selected.
Results:
Alpha-fetoprotein concentration, peritumor enhancement, maximum tumor diameter, smooth tumor margins, tumor growth pattern, presence of intratumor hemorrhage, and RVI were independent predictors of MVI. Among the seven single-sequence models and one multi-sequence fusion model, the multi-sequence fusion model performed best (test cohort AUC: 0.913, 95% CI: 0.822-1.000). The performance of the four final models constructed after the R-score was combined with clinical parameters and apparent imaging features was as follows: RF (test cohort AUC: 0.935, 95% CI: 0.845-1.000, Brier score: 0.040), SVM (test cohort AUC: 0.939, 95% CI: 0.872-1.000, Brier score: 0.053), LR (test cohort AUC: 0.915, 95% CI: 0.815-1.000, Brier score: 0.062), and XGB (test cohort AUC: 0.921, 95% CI: 0.839-1.000, Brier score: 0.056).
Conclusions:
The multiparameter machine learning model has great performance in the preoperative prediction of MVI of HCC patients, which has certain auxiliary value for evaluating the prognosis of the disease and selecting a treatment plan.
Genetic risk of osteoarthritis operates during human fetal development
Authors: Rice Sarah , Brumwell Abby , Falk Julia , Kehayova Yulia , Casement John , Parker Eleanor , Hofer Ines , Shepherd Colin , Loughlin John 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a polygenic disease of older people resulting in the breakdown of cartilage within articular joints. Although a leading cause of disability, there are no disease-modifying therapies. Evidence is emerging to support the origins of OA in skeletogenesis. Whilst methylation QTLs (mQTLs) co-localizing with OA GWAS signals have been identified in aged human cartilage and used to identify effector genes and variants, such analyses have never been conducted during human development. Here, for the first time, we have investigated the developmental origins of OA genetic risk at seven well-characterized OA risk loci, comprising 39 OA-mQTL CpGs, in human fetal limb (FL) and cartilage (FC) tissues using a range of molecular genetic techniques. We compared our results to aged cartilage samples (AC) and identified significant OA-mQTLs at 14 CpGs and 29 CpGs in FL and FC tissues, respectively. Differential methylation was observed at 26 sites between fetal and aged cartilage, with the majority becoming actively hypermethylated in old age. Notably, 6/9 OA effector genes showed allelic expression imbalances during fetal development. Finally, we conducted ATAC-sequencing in cartilage from the developing and aged hip and knee to identify accessible chromatin regions, and found enrichment for transcription factor-binding motifs including SOX9 and FOS/JUN. For the first time, we have demonstrated the activity of OA-mQTLs and expression imbalance of OA effector genes during skeletogenesis. We show striking differences in the spatiotemporal function of these loci, contributing to our understanding of OA etiology, with implications for the timing and strategy of pharmacological interventions.
Nano-selenium and nano-curcumin preparation, characterization and its effect on broiler chickens to produce lean meat
Authors: S SHWETHA H , M Narayana Swamy , B SRINIVAS R , naik Jaya , P KALMATH G , V MALATHI , P Veena M , Rajendran Duraisamy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the dietary influence of nano-selenium and nano-curcumin on lipid profile, immune status and growth performance in Ven-Cobb broiler chickens. A total of 360 broiler chicks were divided into four groups and each group comprised 90 chicks. Chickens kept in group I was fed with a broiler basal diet and it served as the control group. While chickens kept in groups II, III and IV were fed with nano-Se (0.3 mg/kg diet), nano-curcumin (200 mg/kg diet) and combination (0.15 + 100 mg/kg diet) of both, respectively. Immune status of the birds was determined by measuring serum antibody titre against Newcastle Disease and Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) and lipid profile also estimated on days 21st, 28th, 35th and 42nd.Significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Ab titre against IBD and relative weights of spleen and thymus were recorded in Group II, III and IV compared to the control group. Significantly (p < 0.05) lower serum cholesterol levels were observed in Group III and IV compared to Group I. Significant (p < 0.05) improvement in body weight and feed conversion ratio were recorded in Group II and IV compared to Group I on sixth week. It is concluded that supplementation of Nano-Selenium at 0.15 mg/kg diet and nano-curcumin at 100 mg/kg diet in broiler chicken feed improves the production performance and exerts a hypo-lipidemic effect.
The evolution and international spread of extensively drug resistant Shigella sonnei
Authors: Mason Lewis , Greig David , Cowley Lauren , Partridge Sally , Martinez Elena , Blackwell Grace , Chong Charlotte , De Silva Malaka , Bengtsson Rebecca , Draper Jenny , Ginn Andrew , Sandaradura Indy , Sim Eby , Iredell Jonathan , Sintchenko Vitali , Ingle Danielle , Howden Benjamin , Lefevre Sophie , Njamkepo Elisabeth , Weill François-Xavier , Ceyssens Pieter-Jan , Jenkins Claire , Baker Kate 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Shigella sonnei causes shigellosis, a severe gastrointestinal illness that is sexually transmissible among men who have sex with men (MSM). Multidrug resistance in S. sonnei is common and can include resistance to the World Health Organisation recommended treatment options, azithromycin, and ciprofloxacin. Recently, an MSM-associated outbreak of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing, extensively drug resistant S. sonnei was reported in the United Kingdom. Here, we aimed to identify the genetic basis, natural history, and international dissemination of the outbreak strain. Our genomic epidemiological analyses of 3,304 isolates from the United Kingdom, Australia, Belgium, France, and the United States of America revealed an internationally connected outbreak with a common, low fitness-cost resistance plasmid, previously observed in travel associated sublineages of S. flexneri. Our results highlight the persistent threat of horizontally transmitted antimicrobial resistance and the value of continuing to work towards early and open international sharing of genomic surveillance data.
Hexavalent chromium tolerant fungal species identified from urban vegetable farm and effluent waste in Addis Ababa &amp; Rift valley, Ethiopia
Authors: Gizaw Birhanu , Alemu Tesfaye , Ebsa Girma 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Hexavalent chromium is resistant to degradation and sever toxic substance to environment and community health. Physico chemical treatment methods are demanding high cost, used large quantities of chemicals & energy, release large amount of secondary toxic degradants. Mycoremediation is an eco-friendly alternative treatment method. The main objective of this research is to isolate and characterize chrome (VI) tolerant yeast from farm soil & industry effluent for mycoremedation role. The screening and isolation of yeast was carried out on potato dextrose agar media. Solid agar and broth assay test for yeast tolerance on hexavalent chromium at different concentration, temperature and pH was evaluated. Yeast species was identified biochemically using Biolog Microstation depending on carbon utilization and chemical sensitivity test. The result revealed that 11 yeast species was identified from effluent waste and farm soil based on their probability >75% and similarity index >0.5 as well as their hexavalent chromium tolerance ability up to 2500ppm. These are Yarrowia lipolytica (100%,0.7) Cryptococcus luteolus(100%,0.64), Rhodotorula aurantiaca A (100%,0.62), Ustilago maydis (100%,0.58) Trichosporon beigelii B (100%,0.51),Cryptococcus terreus A (100%,0.62), Zygosaccharomyces bailii (98%,0.65), Nadsoniafulvenscens (90%,0.62), Schizoblastosporon starkeyi henricii (89%,0.56), Endomycopsis vivi (84%,0.62), Rhodotorula pustula (Sim 0.59). Two yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica and Nadsonia fulvenscens show the highest mean Optical density (OD) measure (0.953+0.43), (0.96+0.400) respectively at pH4 &25OC. Cr (VI)-tolerance ability of these yeast strains used after further HPLC analysis& molecular characterization in the development of chromium-bioremediation technologies provide an alternative method for chromium sequestration.
The downstream PPARγ target LRRC1 participates in early-stage adipocytic differentiation
Authors: Wang Xinping , Liu Jianyun , Wang Ting , Ma Baicheng , Wu Ping , Xu Xiaoyuan , Xiong Jianjun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
LRRC1 is a regulator of cellular polarity that is expressed at high levels in a range of tumor tissue types. Here, we conducted an analysis of the previously unexplored role of LRRC1 as a component of the adipogenic differentiation network. During the early-stage (days 3–7) adipocytic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), LRRC1 was found to be upregulated at both the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, the expression of LRRC1 was found to be controlled by PPARγ, which is a key transcriptional regulator of adipogenesis. Inhibiting LRRC1 expression reduced the adipogenic potential of hMSCs, with a concomitant reduction in the expression of three adipogenesis-associated proteins (SCD, LIPE, FASN). Together, these data offer new insight into the functional importance of LRRC1 both in general and in the context of adipocytic differentiation.
The right uncinate fasciculus supports verbal short-term memory in aphasia
Authors: Olivé Guillem , Peñaloza Claudia , Vaquero Lucía , Laine Matti , Martin Nadine , Rodriguez-Fornells Antoni 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Verbal short-term memory (STM) deficits are associated with language processing impairments in people with aphasia. Importantly, the integrity of STM can predict word learning ability and anomia therapy gains in aphasia. While the recruitment of perilesional and contralesional homologous brain regions has been proposed as a possible mechanism for aphasia recovery, little is known about the white-matter pathways that support verbal STM in post-stroke aphasia. Here, we investigated the relationships between the language-related white matter tracts and verbal STM ability in aphasia. Nineteen participants with post-stroke chronic aphasia completed a subset of verbal STM subtests of the TALSA battery including nonword repetition (phonological STM), pointing span (lexical-semantic STM without language output) and repetition span tasks (lexical-semantic STM with language output). Using a manual deterministic tractography approach, we investigated the micro- and macrostructural properties of the structural language network. Finally, we assessed the relationships between individually extracted tract values and verbal STM scores. We found significant correlations between volume measures of the right Uncinate Fasciculus and all three verbal STM scores. We also found significant associations between verbal STM scores and the left long segment of the Arcuate, the left Uncinate and the right Inferior Fronto-Occipital Fasciculi, although these did not survive FDR corrections. These findings suggest that the integrity of the right UF is associated with phonological and lexical-semantic verbal STM ability in aphasia and highlight the potential compensatory role of right-sided ventral white matter language tracts in supporting verbal STM after aphasia-inducing left hemisphere insult.
Evaluating the benefit of early patient and public involvement for product development and testing with small companies
Authors: Hinton Elanor C , Fenwick Cameron , Hall Martin , Bell Michael , Hamilton-Shield Julian P , Gibson Andrew 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background There is growing understanding of the benefits of patient and public involvement (PPI), and its subsequent evaluation, in research. An online version of the CUBE PPI evaluation framework has been developed. This study sought to use the CUBE to evaluate the value of early PPI with two small healthcare companies during product development. Methods Contributors were recruited online and had lived experience of either Type 1 diabetes or obesity. Two one-hour sessions were run with a company developing a smartphone application to manage diabetes (DEE-EM): one with young people (YP; n = 5) and one with parents (n = 7). Two one-hour sessions were run with a company developing a novel weight-loss product, both with adults (n = 7 in each session). Sessions were facilitated by an independent University researcher and attended by company representatives, who presented their product. One facilitator led the evaluation of the session by giving a demonstration of the CUBE (prior to sending the link out on email) and asking simple questions in the YP session. Results YP rated the session with DEE-EM highly; contributors felt listened to and made suggestions for the company to make improvements. A high proportion of contributors completed the CUBE (80.5% DEE-EM; 93% OMP). Responses were positive to all four CUBE dimensions (in italics). Contributors to all sessions felt there were diverse ways tocontributeto the sessions, and that they had a strongvoiceto add to the discussion. A good balance was achieved regarding whose concerns (public or company) led theagenda, and contributors felt that both companies would makechangesbased on the discussion. The supportive attitude by both companies resulted in most contributors feeling comfortable participating in PPI sessions with industry, whilst recognising the profit-making aspect of their work. Conclusions We have shown that PPI with small healthcare companies is both feasible and worthwhile. The CUBE framework successfully facilitated the evaluation of the interaction between experts of different knowledge spaces. We have set out recommendations for future projects, including considerations of who should be involved in the sessions and the level of implicit endorsement of the product that participation implies.
White Matter Hyperintensities and Cortical Atrophy are associated with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Neurodegenerative and Cerebrovascular Diseases
Authors: Ozzoude Miracle , Varriano Brenda , Beaton Derek , Ramirez Joel , Adamo Sabrina , Holmes Melissa F. , Scott Christopher J.M. , Gao Fuqiang , Sunderland Kelly M. , McLaughlin Paula , Goubran Maged , Kwan Donna , Roberts Angela , Bartha Robert , Symons Sean , Tan Brian , Swartz Richard H. , Abrahao Agessandro , Saposnik Gustavo , Masellis Mario , Lang Anthony E. , Marras Connie , Zinman Lorne , Shoesmith Christen , Borrie Michael , Fischer Corinne E. , Frank Andrew , Freedman Morris , Montero-Odasso Manuel , Kumar Sanjeev , Pasternak Stephen , Strother Stephen C. , Pollock Bruce G. , Rajji Tarek K. , Seitz Dallas , Tang-Wai David F. , Turnbull John , Dowlatshahi Dar , Hassan Ayman , Casaubon Leanne , Mandzia Jennifer , Sahlas Demetrios , Breen David P. , Grimes David , Jog Mandar , Steeves Thomas D.L. , Arnott Stephen R. , Black Sandra E. , Finger Elizabeth , Rabin Jennifer , Investigators ONDRI , Tartaglia Maria Carmela 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are a core feature of most neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases. White matter hyperintensities and brain atrophy have been implicated in NPS. We aimed to investigate the relative contribution of white matter hyperintensities and cortical atrophy to NPS in participants across neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases.
Methods: 513 participants with one of these conditions, i.e. Alzheimer’s Disease/Mild Cognitive Impairment, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Frontotemporal Dementia, Parkinson’s Disease, or Cerebrovascular Disease were included in the study. NPS were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory – Questionnaire and grouped into hyperactivity, psychotic, affective, and apathy subsyndromes. White matter hyperintensities were quantified using a semi-automatic segmentation technique and FreeSurfer cortical thickness was used to measure regional grey matter atrophy.
Results: Although NPS were frequent across the five disease groups, participants with Frontotemporal Dementia had the highest frequency of hyperactivity, apathy, and affective subsyndromes compared to other groups, whilst psychotic subsyndrome was high in both Frontotemporal Dementia and Parkinson’s Disease. Results from univariate and multivariate results showed that various predictors were associated with neuropsychiatric subsyndromes, especially cortical thickness in the inferior frontal, cingulate, and insula regions, sex(female), global cognition, and basal ganglia-thalamus white matter hyperintensities.
Conclusions: In participants with neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases, our results suggest that increased cortical atrophy and white matter hyperintensities burden in several cortical-subcortical structures may contribute to the development of NPS. Further studies investigating the mechanisms that determine the progression of NPS in various neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases are needed.
Chemically Induced Male Sterility in Onion (Allium cepa)
Authors: Cohan S. M. , Weigle J. L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Male sterility, of a cytoplasmic-generic nature, has been utilized in die production of commercial onion hybrids for a number of years. This procedure requires the time-consuming technique of introduction of male sterility control factors into inbreds before testing and the added cost of maintainer lines for production of male sterile inbreds. Chemical induction of male sterility would circumvent both of these requirements.
A Photomicrographic Study of Lily Pollen Germination
Authors: Dickinson David B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This report describes a rapid and convenient photomicrographic method to observe pollen germination. The method was developed in connection with studies of biochemical changes during germination. It was important to know the time of pollen tube initiation and approximate rate of pollen tube growth. The technique was used to study germination of lily pollen (Lilium longiflorum, cultivar Ace) in sucrose.
An Improved Technique for Maintaining Detached Leaves
Authors: Lagerstedt H. B. , Halliwell Robert S. , Langston Ruble 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An improved technique for maintaining excised leaves for extended periods of time has been developed. The method facilitates handling of excised leaves, requires minimal care, eliminates crowding, shading, and greatly extends the longevity of the leaf as compared to other methods of maintaining detached leaves. The technique has proved useful in senescence studies as well as pathological studies such as local lesion assays following virus inoculation.
Effects of Gibberellin Spray on Storage Quality of Kaki1,2
Authors: Kitagawa Hirotoshi , Sugiura Akira , Sugiyama Misako 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Gibberellic acid at 50, 100, and 200 ppm sprayed on leaves of bearing Kaki shoots 3 clays before harvest greatly increased the storage life of fruit. In Hiratanenashi cultivar, GA sprayed fruits had more than double the storage life of unsprayed fruits. Sprayed fruits also remained firm on the tree, so period of harvest could be extended. Sprayed trees showed delay in defoliation. No injurious effects of the spray were observed.
Effect of Growth - Regulating Substances on the Ripening and Shelf - Life of Tomatoes1,2
Authors: Abdel-Kader Adel S. , Morris Leonard L. , Maxie E. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Growth-regulating substances have been used extensively on horticultural crops to increase fruit set and prevent fruit drop. Several investigators have observed that preharvest application of growth regulators such as 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid may affect fruit maturity and ripening (Stewart, 4). This raised the question about the effects of the postharvest treatment of fruits with grbwth regulators.
Overhead Sprinkler System for Environmental Control and Pesticide Application in Pear Orchards
Authors: Lombard Porter B. , Westigard P. H. , Carpenter Dunbar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Overhead sprinkler systems are not new to orchard management but have been used almost exclusively for irrigation. However, economic considerations would encourage a modification of this one-purpose system into multi-purpose usage. Potentially, with the correct physical arrangements of pumps, pipes, risers, and nozzles it would be possible not only to irrigate, but to have frost protection and summer environmental and pest control as well. The present paper examines the latter two uses of an overhead sprinkler system and the effects of the system on the pear tree.