bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pneumomediastinum as patient self‐inflicted lung injury in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID‐19: a case series
Authors: Watanabe Rika , Nakayama Ryuichi , Bunya Naofumi , Yama Naoya , Iwamoto Yusuke , Katayama Yoichi , Kasai Takehiko , Sawamoto Keigo , Uemura Shuji , Narimatsu Eichi 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundIn patients with coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, pneumomediastinum has been increasingly reported in cases of noninvasive oxygen therapy, including high‐flow nasal cannula, and invasive mechanical ventilation. However, its pathogenesis is still not understood.Case PresentationWe report two cases of pneumomediastinum in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by COVID‐19. In both cases, control of spontaneous breathing with neuromuscular blocking agents resulted in resolution of pneumoperitoneum.ConclusionThe improvement of pneumomediastinum with control of spontaneous breathing suggested patient self‐inflicted lung injury as a possible mechanism in this case series. In ARDS cases with pneumomediastinum, in addition to controlling plateau pressure with conventional lung protective ventilation, spontaneous breathing should be controlled if the patient’s inspiratory effort is suspected to be strong.
Anchoring LiCl in the Nanopores of Metal–Organic Frameworks for Ultra‐High Uptake and Selective Separation of Ammonia
Authors: Shi Yunlei , Wang Zhenxiang , Li Zhiyong , Wang Huiyong , Xiong Dazhen , Qiu Jikuan , Tian Xiaoxin , Feng Guang , Wang Jianji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAmmonia (NH3) is an important chemical raw material and a unique carbon‐free fuel with high hydrogen energy density. Thus, NH3 capture, storage, and desorption are of significant importance. However, high capacity capture, low energy desorption, and selective separation of NH3 are still challengs so far. Here, we report high‐performance hybrid sorbents by anchoring LiCl in the nanopores of MIL‐53‐(OH)2 metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). It is found that the optimal composite shows a capture capacity of 33.9 mmol g−1 NH3 at 1.0 bar and 25 °C, which far exceeds the current record among the reported porous materials. Notably, the excellent capture capacity at low pressure and high temperature makes it possible to selectively capture NH3 from NH3/N2, NH3/CO2, and NH3/H2O. It is revealed that synergistic action of NH3 coordination to the highly dispersed Li+ in the MOF nanopores and hydrogen bonding of NH3 with Cl− account for such an excellent capture and selectivity performance.
Aryne 1,4‐Disubstitution and Remote Diastereoselective 1,2,4‐Trisubstitution via a Nucleophilic Annulation‐[5,5]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement Process
Authors: Chen Zhonghong , Tan Min , Shan Chunhui , Yuan Xiaoling , Chen Liyuan , Shi Jiarong , Lan Yu , Li Yang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBoth aryne 1,4‐disubstitution and 1,2,4‐trifunctionalization were accomplished from tertiary amines bearing a penta‐2,4‐dien‐1‐yl moiety. These transformations could directly incorporate a C−N and a C−C bond para to each other on an aryne intermediate via a sequential nucleophilic addition and [5,5]‐sigmatropic rearrangement. When arynes bearing 3‐tethered electrophiles were employed, a cascade regioselective nucleophilic addition, intramolecular cyclization, and remote diastereoselective [5,5]‐sigmatropic rearrangement process was observed. Our density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that hydrogen‐bonding interactions between two C−H hydrogens on the penta‐2,4‐dien‐1‐yl chain and the oxygen anion generated upon N‐nucleophilic annulation reaction in the [5,5]‐sigmatropic rearrangement step is responsible for the remote diastereoselective control in this reaction system.
3′‐O‐(2‐Nitrobenzenesulfonyl)fluorescein as a Fluorescent Probe for Hydrogen Polysulfides by Straightforward One‐Step Deprotection
Authors: Tsukamoto Koji , Ohsawa Hikaru , Nishiyama Ryosuke , Maeda Hatsuo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo develop a fluorescent probe for hydrogen polysulfides (H2Sn, n≥2) based on protection‐deprotection chemistry, we protected fluorescein with nitrobenzenesulfonyl groups bearing various substituents with different electrophilic reactivities, and evaluated their responsiveness toward H2Sn. 3′‐O‐(2‐Nitrobenzenesulfonyl)fluorescein (1 c) provided the best sensitivity toward H2Sn and selectivity over hydrogen sulfide and glutathione. Further evaluation demonstrated that 1 c was an excellent probe, comparable with PSP‐3, one of the best H2Sn probes developed to date. The attractive features of 1 c were capitalized on by synthesizing the acetylated derivative from 1 c, which was shown to be cell‐permeable and applicable to the fluorescent imaging of H2Sn in HeLa cells.
The role of internal stresses, temperature, and water on the swelling of pigmented epoxy systems during hygrothermal aging
Authors: Mallarino Stephanie , Renaud Alexis , Trinh Dao , Touzain Sebastien 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe effect of a pigment (titanium dioxide at 20 wt%), temperature and water on the dimensional changes of a model epoxy polymer resin (DGEBA‐DAMP) was the focus of this research. Dynamic mechanical analysis was used to quantify in situ dimensional changes of free films, pigmented or not, with a thickness of 120 μm, at different temperatures (30, 40, 50, and 60°C). The behavior of unpigmented and pigmented systems differed, with pigmented systems swelling less than unpigmented systems. These disparities in swelling were related to the existence of increased internal stresses in the pigmented system because of the inclusion of titanium dioxide. Thermal expansion was investigated, and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was determined. The CTE of pigmented systems were lower than those of unpigmented systems. Hygroscopic swelling was then deduced and was related to the water content. A relationship between water sorption and hygroscopic swelling was demonstrated and revealed two major points. Firstly, synergistic effects exist between water and temperature leading to a higher swelling. Second, the water/polar group interaction mechanisms govern the swelling kinetics in these systems, a result supported by high enthalpy solubility values. The chemical structure of networks plays a predominant role. Finally, the swellings of free films were compared with those of coated substrates. Due to the presence of residual stresses caused by the formation of the coating/substrate interface, the coatings displayed a greater swelling than the free films. These stresses were calculated utilizing a simplified analytical method and appeared to be comparable for both systems.
Preparation of silver nanoparticle functionalized aramid fiber by employing dopamine and silane coupling agent modification
Authors: Sun Baojie , Li Dongliang , Li Chenchen , Jiang Liang , Zhou Yanfen , Ma Jianwei , Chen Shaojuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSilver nanoparticles functionalized poly‐p‐phenylene terephthamide (PPTA) fiber was fabricated through the electroless plating method. To facilitate the efficient deposition of silver nanoparticles, the PPTA fiber surface was modified by using dopamine and γ‐methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (MPTES). Various techniques including scanning electron microscope (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the surface morphology and chemical composition of surface modified and silver‐plated PPTA fibers. The silver‐plated PPTA fiber showed a surface resistance of 0.53 Ω over a length of 1 cm with reliable coating fastness under ultrasonic washing and high temperature treatment. Furthermore, the silver‐plated PPTA fiber exhibited antibacterial resistance against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as good electrical heating performance with surface temperature of 100.4°C at a voltage of 4.5 V.
Surface modification of porous polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane by sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) coating for membrane distillation of oily wastewater
Authors: Arjmand Ehsan , Mansourizadeh Amir , Ghaedi Abdol Mohammad , Rahbari‐Sisakht Masoud 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHighly porous polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membranes were fabricated by a non‐solvent induced phase separation process. The membranes were modified by coating an ultra‐thin hydrophilic layer of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (sPEEK) onto the inner surface. An industrial oily wastewater treatment was performed through an air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) process. From field emission scanning electron microscopy, the modified membrane showed an open structure with a large finger‐like outer layer and sponge‐like inner layer. The thickness of the coated sPEEK layer on the inner surface was about 0.5 μm. The coated membrane presented mean pore size of 36 nm and overall porosity of 73%. The inner surface water contact angle decreased from about 82° to 57°. Using Langmuir adsorption experiment, minor oil adsorption on the modified membrane surface was confirmed. A stable water flux of about 12 kg m−2 h−1 and oil rejection of 99% were found during 72 h of the AGMD process for treating the oily wastewater of NGL‐900 (Gachsaran, Iran) plant. The high flux recovery ratio of about 98% was related to the improved anti‐oil‐fouling property. The modified membrane can be a potential candidate for oily wastewater treatment through the MD processes.
The neuroanatomy of the bothremydid pleurodiran turtle Galianemys, from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of Morocco
Authors: Martín‐Jiménez Marcos , Pérez‐García Adán 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGalianemys is one of the three genera of Cearachelyini (Pleurodira, Bothremydidae) so far defined, being the only one identified in Africa (in the Cenomanian of Morocco). It is represented by two species, Galianemys whitei and Galianemys emringeri, both being identified by several skulls. The other two representatives of Cearachelyini are both South‐American forms, and only the species Cearachelys placidoi (from the Albian of Brazil) preserves cranial remains, including a partial skull corresponding to its holotype. However, despite the relatively great number of skulls identified for both Galianemys spp. and Cearachelys placidoi, information about the neuroanatomy of this lineage is very limited. The three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the skulls of two specimens belonging to the genus Galianemys, each of them representing a different species, is performed here for the first time. All of the cranial bones of one of them are also virtually reconstructed to accurately characterize them. In addition, the 3D models of the main neuroanatomical structures (i.e., cranial, nasal, and labyrinthic cavities, and nervous and carotid canals) of both specimens were generated, most of them being described in detail for first time in Cearachelyini. Neuroanatomical differences are recognized when the skulls of both species of Galianemys analyzed here are compared. In addition, the comparison between the neuroanatomy of Galianemys spp. and that of other non‐Cearachelyini bothremydids allow us to identify some differences between those lineages, but also recognize other shared characters for the entire lineage of Bothremydidae, to providing a more precise characterization within Pleurodira.
Archaeological site identification from open access multispectral imagery: Cloud computing applications in Northern Kurdistan (Iraq)
Authors: Valente Riccardo , Maset Eleonora , Iamoni Marco 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the results of an archaeological survey carried out in the Navkur Plain, Iraqi Kurdistan, as part of the ‘Asingeran Archaeological Project’. The survey was prepared using remote sensing products accessed via Google Earth Engineⓒ, a large‐scale cloud computing service freely available to the scientific community that allows processing remote sensing big data. Outputs generated with a multitemporal approach are particularly successful for archaeological research, because it is possible to maximize the visibility of archaeological sites, improving their detection. Multispectral imagery from Landsat 5, Landsat 7 and Sentinel‐2 collections were used and processed, testing their utility for finding unknown ancient settlements in the densely studied area of Northern Mesopotamia. Seventeen new sites were discovered in an already surveyed area of limited size (<100 km2), showing the potentialities of this method. The advantages of cloud computing for Near Eastern Archaeology and the results of the survey are also presented and discussed.
Zur Biegebemessung kombiniert bewehrter UHFB‐Biegeträger
Authors: Leutbecher Torsten , Heck Lennart , Metje Kevin , Riedel Philipp 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDie Bestimmung der Biegetragfähigkeit von mit Betonstahl und Stahlfasern kombiniert bewehrten Querschnitten erfordert eine Erweiterung der für Stahl‐ und Spannbeton geltenden Annahmen. Zur Berücksichtigung der Fasertragwirkung im Biegeriss wird eine Spannungs‐Dehnungs‐Linie in der Regel aus gemessenen Spannungs‐Rissöffnungs‐ oder Last‐Durchbiegungs‐Kurven abgeleitet. Bei der Umrechnung dient eine sogenannte strukturelle charakteristische Länge als Bezugsgröße. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags werden bei der Ermittlung dieser Länge Einflüsse aus der Querschnittshöhe und weitere, die Rissbildung beeinflussende Parameter berücksichtigt. Als „Spannungs‐Dehnungs‐Linie“ wird ein Spannungsblock mit einer Grenzdehnung vorgeschlagen, die sich am Erreichen einer „kritischen“ Rissbreite orientiert. Die „kritische“ Rissbreite kennzeichnet bei rein stahlfaserbewehrten Querschnitten das Maximum der Fasertragwirkung im Biegeriss und bei kombiniert bewehrten Querschnitten den Beginn der Verformungslokalisierung. Die Verformungslokalisierung tritt bei kombiniert bewehrten Querschnitten als weiterer möglicher Versagensmodus zu den bekannten Versagensformen Biegezugversagen und Biegedruckversagen hinzu. Durch den vorgeschlagenen Bemessungsansatz werden die Biegetragfähigkeit, der Momenten‐Krümmungs‐Zusammenhang und der Versagensmodus ausgewählter Versuche sehr gut abgebildet. Eine Parameterstudie zeigt grundlegende Zusammenhänge auf, die auch in Experimenten beobachtet werden konnten.
Using mortality to predict incidence for rare and lethal cancers in very small areas
Authors: Etxeberria Jaione , Goicoa Tomás , Ugarte Maria D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIncidence and mortality figures are needed to get a comprehensive overview of cancer burden. In many countries, cancer mortality figures are routinely recorded by statistical offices, whereas incidence depends on regional cancer registries. However, due to the complexity of updating cancer registries, incidence numbers become available 3 or 4 years later than mortality figures. It is, therefore, necessary to develop reliable procedures to predict cancer incidence at least until the period when mortality data are available. Most of the methods proposed in the literature are designed to predict total cancer (except nonmelanoma skin cancer) or major cancer sites. However, less frequent lethal cancers, such as brain cancer, are generally excluded from predictions because the scarce number of cases makes it difficult to use univariate models. Our proposal comes to fill this gap and consists of modeling jointly incidence and mortality data using spatio‐temporal models with spatial and age shared components. This approach allows for predicting lethal cancers improving the performance of individual models when data are scarce by taking advantage of the high correlation between incidence and mortality. A fully Bayesian approach based on integrated nested Laplace approximations is considered for model fitting and inference. A validation process is also conducted to assess the performance of alternative models. We use the new proposals to predict brain cancer incidence rates by gender and age groups in the health units of Navarre and Basque Country (Spain) during the period 2005–2008.
Asymmetric preparation of 2,4,6‐trisubstituted dihydropyridazinones
Authors: Park Min Ji , Kim Seo Yun , Lee Ha Rim , Park Yong Sun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractModular three‐component synthesis of highly enantioenriched 2,4,6‐trisubstituted dihydropyridazinones was developed through the nucleophilic substitution of α‐bromoacetates with silyl enol ethers and subsequent condensation with hydrazine derivatives.
A highly sensitive method (supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with ion mobility mass spectrometry) for determination of multiple compounds in radix curcumae
Authors: Ye Li‐Hong , Dong Xin , Cao Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA highly sensitive method was developed for simultaneously separating and identifying multiple compounds in radix curcumae. The determination of these compounds was achieved by combining supercritical fluid chromatography with drift tube ion mobility quadrupole time‐of‐flight MS. Related parameters were optimized: the RX‐SIL column was used as the stationary phase, methanol was selected as the organic modifier, back pressure was 120 bar, back temperature was 60°C, the mobile phase flow rate was 1.75 mL/min, the makeup solvent was 0.2% formic acid/methanol with a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. Under optimal conditions, multipolar compounds were separated. Furthermore, these compounds were identified by the values of collision sectional areas. The established method was verified by related parameters and exhibited good linearity, sensitivity, precision and accuracy. It could be extended to analyze other curcuminoids and sesquiterpenoids in natural products.
Towards understanding of CO2 electroreduction to C2+ products on copper‐based catalysts
Authors: Liu Tianfu , Sang Jiaqi , Li Hefei , Wei Pengfei , Zang Yipeng , Wang Guoxiong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has been regarded as a promising technique for converting CO2 into high‐value fuels and chemicals. Powered by renewable electricity, the CO2RR provides a viable strategy to mitigate the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and close the anthropogenic carbon cycle. Recent studies exhibit that copper‐based catalysts are capable of reducing CO2 to C2+ products, such as ethylene and ethanol, which are of higher value compared with C1 products. The reaction process toward C2+ products involves the formation of key intermediate *CO, the C–C bonding, and the post‐C–C bonding to final products. This perspective is focusing on the mechanism leading to C2+ products, examining the evidence from in situ/operando spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The effects of Cu facet and electrolyte on catalytic performance are reviewed. An in depth discussion of mechanistic aspects of Cu catalyst is presented, shedding light on the intrinsic features of catalyst and electrode‐electrolyte interface, therefore moving towards an understanding of CO2RR at the atomic level.
The selective effect of lockdown experience on citizens' perspectives: A multilevel, multiple informant approach to personal and community resilience duringCOVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Procentese Fortuna , Gatti Flora , Rochira Alessia , Tzankova Iana , Di Napoli Immacolata , Albanesi Cinzia , Aresi Giovanni , Compare Christian , Fedi Angela , Gattino Silvia , Guarino Antonella , Marta Elena , Marzana Daniela 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the face of the first wave of COVID‐19 contagion, citizens all over the world experienced concerns for their safety and health, as well as prolonged lockdowns – which brought about limitations but also unforeseen opportunities for personal growth. Broad variability in these psychological responses to such unprecedented experiences emerged. This study addresses this variability by investigating the role of personal and community resilience. Personal resilience, collective resilience, community disaster management ability, provided information by local authorities, and citizens' focus on COVID‐19‐related personal concerns and lockdown‐related opportunities for personal growth were detected through an online questionnaire. Multilevel modelling was run with data from 3,745 Italian citizens. The potential of personal resilience as a driver for individuals to overcome adverse situations with positive outcomes was confirmed. Differently, the components of community resilience showed more complex paths, highlighting the need to pay more attention to its role in the face of far‐reaching adverse events which hardly test individuals' as well as communities' adaptability and agency skills. The complexities linked to the multi‐component and system‐specific nature of resilience, as well as potential paths towards making the most out of citizens' and communities' ones, emerge. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Synthesis of 4‐Hydroxycoumarin‐Based Triazoles/Oxadiazoles as Novel Anticancer Agents
Authors: Hashemi Seyedeh Mahdieh , Hosseini‐khah Zahra , Mahmoudi Fatemeh , Emami Saeed 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA series of novel 3‐substituted‐4‐hydroxycoumarins 7 and 8 containing (5‐aryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)thio or (4‐amino‐5‐aryl‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)thio moieties have been synthesized and evaluated as anticancer agents. The in vitro MTT assay of compounds against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), breast cancer (MCF7) cells, and a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line with epithelial morphology (HT29) indicated that the HepG2 cells had more susceptibility to the tested compounds. Indeed, all compounds (with the exception of 7b, 7c, 7g, and 8g) were more potent than the standard drug doxorubicin against HepG2 cells (IC50 values=1.65–3.83 μM). Although, the better result was obtained with the oxadiazole analog 7h against HepG2 (IC50=1.65 μM), the N‐amino‐triazole derivatives 8c, 8e, 8f and, 8h with IC50 values of 1.78–6.34 μM showed potent activity against all tested cell lines. The good drug‐like properties and in vitro potency and selectivity of 4‐hydroxycoumarins 8 make them as good leads for the development of new anticancer agents.
Gaining the Freedom of Scalable Gas Diffusion Electrodes for the CO2 Reduction Reaction
Authors: Wang Xin , Tomon Chanikarn , Bobrowski Tim , Wilde Patrick , Junqueira João R. C. , Quast Thomas , He Wenhui , Sikdar Nivedita , Weidner Jonas , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) in CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) alleviate the mass transfer limitation of gaseous reagents, which is beneficial for reducing CO2 into valuable chemicals. GDEs offer higher current densities compared to electrodes immersed in the electrolyte. Disclosing the roles of different structural parameters in tuning the performance of the GDEs is essential to exert the potential of catalysts and to meet potential large‐scale industrial applications of the CO2RR. A novel layer structure for the airbrush‐type spray fabrication of GDEs was designed and optimised, comprising a carbon‐based gas‐diffusion layer, a PEEK fabric, a Ni mesh, a carbon‐integrated catalyst layer, and a PTFE top layer. It was shown that adjusting the carbon material in the gas diffusion and the catalyst layer impacts the selectivity of the CO2RR due to the modulation of the pore network. This work disclosed a practical and scalable but also an easily transferable pathway for preparing GDEs and offered an idea of how to tune the significant parameters of GDEs for optimising their CO2RR performance.