bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective interaction and its effect on collective motion
Authors: Zheng Zhicheng , Lei Xiaokang , Peng Xingguang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPlenty of empirical evidence on biological swarms reveal that interaction between individuals is selective. Each individual’s neighbor is selected based on one or more featured factors. Based on the self-propelled model, we develop a general probability neighbor selection framework to study the effect of four typical featured factors (i.e., distance, bearing, orientation change and bearing change). In this work, two common cases are involved to comprehensively analyze the impact of the four featured factors on the collective motion. One is the flocking, the other is the responsivity to stimulus. The impact of different selection strengths of the featured factors on both cases are investigated. The effect of noise on flocking and different stimulus intensities on responsivity to stimulus are analyzed. This study allows us to get the insight of selective interaction and suggests the potential solution to overcome the trade-off between flocking and responsivity quality.
An orally active plant Rubisco-derived peptide increases neuronal leptin responsiveness
Authors: Kaneko Kentaro , Takekuma Yukihiro , Goto Tsuyoshi , Ohinata Kousaku 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNutrient excess, such as the intake of a high-fat diet, reduces hypothalamic responses to exogenously administered leptin and induces dietary obesity; however, orally active components that attenuate neural leptin dysregulation have yet to be identified. We herein demonstrated that YHIEPV, derived from the pepsin-pancreatin digestion of the green leaf protein Rubisco, increased the leptin-induced phosphorylation of STAT3 in ex vivo hypothalamic slice cultures. We also showed that YHIEPV mitigated palmitic acid-induced decreases in leptin responsiveness. Furthermore, orally administered YHIEPV promoted leptin-induced reductions in body weight and food intake in obese mice. In addition, dietary-induced body weight gain was significantly less in mice orally or centrally administered YHIEPV daily than in saline-control mice. Cellular leptin sensitivity and the levels of proinflammatory-related factors, such as IL1β and Socs-3, in the hypothalamus of obese mice were also restored by YHIEPV. YHIEPV blocked cellular leptin resistance induced by forskolin, which activates Epac-Rap1 signaling, and reduced the level of the GTP-bound active form of Rap1 in the brains of obese mice. Collectively, the present results demonstrated that the orally active peptide YHIEPV derived from a major green leaf protein increased neural leptin responsiveness and reduced body weight gain in mice with dietary obesity.
Effect of bending on radial distribution density, MFA and MOE of bent bamboo
Authors: Wang Xuehua , Ma Jingwen , Xu Wei , Fei Benhua , Lian Caiping , Sun Fengbo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOne of the excellent characteristics of bamboo is the deformation stability. However, the reasons for the good bending stability of bamboo have not been well studied. In this study, we examined the pathways that controls bending deformation in bamboo. A hand-bent phyllostachys iridescens member was chosen to examine continuous density distribution, microfibril angle (MFA) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) along radial direction using SilviScan analysis. Our results show that in bent bamboo, MFA is lower in tension sample and higher in compression sample than neutral sample. There is a strong linear positive correlation between density and MOE, while negative linear correlation between MOE and MFA and no obvious linear correlation between MFA and density. Increased bending was influential in primarily changing the MOE, while also altering the density distribution and MFA. Our results demonstrate variation in density, MOE and MFA distribution along radial direction of tension, neutral and compression samples, which play an important role in maintaining the bending characteristics of bamboo.
Capacity enhancement for cooperative NOMA systems by successive user relaying
Authors: Song Jianjian , Chen Jian , Yang Mengqi , He Bingtao , Zhou Yuchen , Yang Long 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel multi‐phase coordinated direct and user‐assisted transmission (MP‐CDUAT) strategy for a non‐orthogonal multiple access system consisting of a base station (BS), K near users (NUs) and a far user (FU). In the first phase, the BS directly serves an opportunistically scheduled NU. For the rest phases, an NU scheduling scheme is developed to jointly select two NUs in each phase, where one receives desired message from the BS and the other one serves as a relay to help FU's receiving. To evaluate the performance of the proposed MP‐CDUAT strategy, the analytical expression of the ergodic capacity (EC) for both NU and FU is derived. With the derived results, the EC scaling of NU and FU are, respectively, derived in the high ρ regime, where the EC scaling of FU increases with the transmission phase, while the EC scaling of NU remains the same. Finally, the numerical and simulation results show that (a) our proposed strategy can improve the performance of FU without affecting the capacity scaling of served NUs; (b) the performance gain achieved by the proposed strategy is more prominent with the increasing number of the transmission phases.
An optimal zero‐sequence voltage injection‐based common‐mode voltage reduction pulse‐width modulation for the reduction of common‐mode voltages in both amplitude and third‐order component
Authors: Wu Xiang , Li Chao , Zhu Jifeng , Lv Zehao , Zhang Xu , Zhang Xiao , Tan Guojun , Xu Shizhou 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn optimal zero‐sequence voltage injection‐based common‐mode voltage reduction pulse‐width modulation (CMVRPWM) for the reduction of common‐mode voltages (CMVs) in both amplitude and third‐order component is proposed in this paper. On the basis of general symmetrical switching patterns of CMVRPWM, a constrained mathematical programming model is established with the objective of optimizing the volt‐second value of CMV in each switching period. By solving the mathematical model, the limitation of the CMV amplitude and the reduction of third‐order harmonic in CMV can be achieved simultaneously, contributing to better CMV suppression and common‐mode filter design in the applications of two‐level voltage source inverters (2L‐VSIs). The optimal zero‐sequence voltage under the given target is obtained, and the calculation method of the switching pattern and modulation wave is studied. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can restrict the CMV amplitude within one‐sixth of the DC bus voltage, and the third‐order component in CMV is effectively reduced compared with the conventional methods.
Temperature and differential emission measure evolution of a limb flare on 13 January 2015
Authors: Bröse M. , Warmuth A. , Sakao T. , Su Y. 
Published: May 2022

Context. Spatially unresolved observations show that the cooling phase in solar flares can be much longer than theoretical models predict. It has not yet been determined whether this is also the case for different subregions within the flare structure.
Aims. We aim to investigate whether or not the cooling times, which are observed separately in coronal loops and the supra-arcade fan (SAF), are in accordance with the existing cooling models, and whether the temperature and emission measure of supra-arcade downflows (SADs) are different from their surroundings.
Methods. We analysed the M5.6 limb flare on 13 January 2015 using SDO/AIA observations. We applied a differential emission measure (DEM) reconstruction code to derive spatially resolved temperature and emission measure maps, and used the output to investigate the thermal evolution of coronal loops, the SAF, and the SADs.
Results. In the event of 13 January 2015, the observed cooling times of the loop arcade and the SAF are significantly longer than predicted by the Cargill model, even with suppressed plasma heat conduction. The observed SADs show different temperature characteristics, and in all cases a lower density than their surroundings.
Conclusions. In the limb flare event studied here, continuous heating likely occurs in both loops and SAF during the gradual flare phase and leads to an extended cooling phase.
Comparative cost-effectiveness of three post-radiofrequency ablation surveillance intervals for Barrett’s esophagus
Authors: Menon Shyam , Norman Richard , Mannath Jayan , Iyer Prasad G. , Ragunath Krish 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus (BE) has resulted in a paradigm shift in the management of BE. Despite widespread adoption of RFA, the optimal surveillance interval of the ablated zone is unclear.
Methods A patient-level discrete time cycle Markov model was developed to model clinical surveillance strategies post-RFA for BE. Three surveillance strategies were examined: the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) strategy based on ACG guidelines for post-RFA surveillance, the Cotton strategy based on data from the USA and UK RFA registries, and the UK strategy in line with surveillance strategies in UK centers. Monte-Carlo deterministic and probabilistic analyses were performed over 10,000 iterations (i. e., representing 10,000 patient journeys) and sensitivity analyses were carried out on the variables used in the model.
Results On base-case analysis, the ACG strategy was the most cost-effective strategy, at a mean cost of £ 11,733 ($ 16,396) (standard deviation (SD) 1520.15) and a mean effectiveness of 12.86 (SD 0.07) QALYs. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the ACG model was the most cost-effective strategy with a net monetary benefit (NMB) of £ 5,136 ($ 7177) (SD 241) compared to the UK strategy and a NMB of £ 7017 ($ 9,806) (SD 379) compared to the Cotton strategy. At a willingness to pay (WTP) threshold of £ 20,000 ($ 27,949), the ACG model was superior to the other strategies as the most cost-effective strategy.
Conclusions A post-RFA surveillance strategy based on the ACG guidelines seems to be the most cost-effective surveillance option.
Fecal Microbiota Monitoring in Elite Soccer Players Along the
2019–2020 Competitive Season
Authors: Viciani Elisa , Barone Monica , Bongiovanni Tindaro , Quercia Sara , Di Gesu Roberta , Pasta Giulio , Manetti Paolo , Iaia F.Marcello , Trecroci Athos , Rampelli Simone , Candela Marco , Biagi Elena , Castagnetti Andrea 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPhysical exercise affects the human gut microbiota, which in turn influences
athletes’ performance. The current understanding of how the microbiota
of professional athletes changes along with different phases of training is
sparse. We aim to characterize the fecal microbiota in elite soccer players
along with different phases of a competitive season using 16 S rRNA gene
sequencing. Fecal samples were collected after the summer off-season period, the
pre-season retreat, the first half of the competitive season, and the 8 weeks of
COVID-19 lockdown that interrupted the season 2019–2020. According to
our results, the gut microbiota of professional athletes changes along with the
phases of the season, characterized by different training, diet, nutritional
surveillance, and environment sharing. Pre-season retreat, during which
nutritional surveillance and exercise intensity were at their peak, caused a
decrease in bacterial groups related to unhealthy lifestyle and an increase in
health-promoting symbionts. The competitive season and forced interruption
affected other features of the athletes’ microbiota, i.e., bacterial
groups that respond to dietary fiber load and stress levels. Our longitudinal
study, focusing on one of the most followed sports worldwide, provides baseline
data for future comparisons and microbiome-targeting interventions aimed at
developing personalized training and nutrition plans for performance
maximization.
Incidence of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions in the Early Stages of COVID-19: An Objective Evaluation
Authors: Manhas Monica , Koul Disha , Kalsotra Gopika , Manhas Amit , Kalsotra Parmod , Kumar Parmil , Bhat Abid , Gupta Anchal , Saraf Aditya 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a dangerous infectious disease caused by a newly discovered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that has various clinical presentations. Numerable cases with non-specific olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in COVID-19 have been reported from all over the globe. This is important as awareness will let people to self-isolate and help in limiting disease spread.
Objective To objectively evaluate the frequency of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction, which may occur independently or with other symptoms, in laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients at an early stage of the disease.
Methods Objective evaluation of olfactory and gustatory function of 322 COVID-19 patients treated at our hospital, (SMGS, Government Medical College, Jammu), from August 2020 until November 2020.
Results Our study population included 127 (39.4%) males and 195 (60.6%) females. Two hundred and twenty-six (70.2%) COVID-19 patients experienced olfactory and gustatory disorders. One hundred and sixty-five (51.2%) cases experienced both olfactory and gustatory disorders. Isolated olfactory dysfunction was reported in 34 (10.6%) patients, while 27 (8.4%) patients experienced only gustatory dysfunction.
Conclusion The olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions, without any nasal obstruction or rhinorrhea, are significant symptoms in the clinical presentation of early COVID-19 patients. This presentation can be recognized at the earliest one, and it can reduce the high communicability of the COVID-19 disease.
Sacroileítis infecciosa secundaria a un absceso del iliopsoas – Reporte de un caso
Authors: Vásquez-Cárdenas Isaac , Rojas Enrique Fernández , Barrientos Nicia Moldenhauer , Duque Waldo González , Estay Jaime Valencia , Parra Cristian Vásquez 
Published: May 2022

ResumenLa sacroileítis infecciosa (SII), también descrita en la literatura como sacroileítis séptica o piógena, es una patología infrecuente, y su diagnóstico constituye un reto debido a su rareza relativa y la diversa presentación clínica, que frecuentemente imita otros trastornos más prevalentes originados en estructuras vecinas.Se requiere un alto índice de sospecha y un examen físico acucioso para un diagnóstico oportuno, mientras que los estudios de laboratorio y de imagen ayudan a confirmar el diagnóstico y dirigir la estrategia de tratamiento apropiada para evitar complicaciones y secuelas a corto y mediano plazos.Presentamos un caso de paciente de género femenino de 36 años, con cuadro clínico de SII izquierda, secundaria a un absceso del músculo iliopsoas, condición que generalmente se presenta como una complicación de la infección. Se realizaron los diagnósticos clínico, imagenológico y microbiológico, se inició el tratamiento antibiótico oportuno, y se logró una excelente evolución clínica, sin secuelas.
Nivel de evidencia IV.
Bitcoin: like a satellite or always hardcore? A core–satellite identification in the cryptocurrency market
Authors: Börner Christoph J. , Hoffmann Ingo , Krettek Jonas , Schmitz Tim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCryptocurrencies (CCs) have become increasingly interesting for institutional investors’ strategic asset allocation and will therefore be a fixed component of professional portfolios in the future. However, this asset class differs from established assets primarily in that it has a higher standard deviation and tail risk. The question then arises whether CCs with similar statistical key figures exist. On this basis, a core market incorporating CCs with comparable properties enables the implementation of a tracking error approach. A prerequisite for this is the segmentation of the CC market into a core and a satellite, with the latter comprising the accumulation of the residual CCs remaining in the complement. Using a concrete example, we segment the CC market into these components based on modern methods from image/pattern recognition.
Long-term business implications of Russia’s war in Ukraine
Authors: Markus Stanislav 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFollowing its invasion of Ukraine, Russia’s macroeconomic stability will worsen; foreign trade and Russia-bound investment will dry up; and human capital will become scarce. Russia will not fully compensate these losses with increased economic engagement with China, with particular deficiencies likely in high-tech areas for Russia. Import substitution is also unlikely to allow Russia to innovate its way out of economic isolation or escape the resource curse. As Kremlin-connected elites further dominate the impoverished economy, crony state capitalism and kleptocracy will rise. The global repercussions of Russia’s war will include commodity shocks and the attendant supply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures. In terms of FDI, the global industries in energy, auto, and consumer goods will be particularly affected. The loss of the Russian market will be less critical to sales revenues. Structurally, Russia’s forced decoupling from the global economy may lead to the fragmentation of global financial infrastructure and the formation of economically contained blocks.
Antihypertensive Drugs and Cancer Risk
Authors: Kidoguchi Satoshi , Sugano Naoki , Yokoo Takashi , Kaneko Hidehiro , Akazawa Hiroshi , Mukai Mikio , Node Koichi , Yano Yuichiro , Nishiyama Akira 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Hypertension is the most prevalent comorbidity in cancer patients. Consequently, many cancer patients are prescribed antihypertensive drugs before cancer diagnosis or during cancer treatment. However, whether antihypertensive drugs affect the incidence, treatment efficacy, or prognosis of cancer remains unanswered. For instance, renin–angiotensin and β-adrenergic signaling may be involved not only in blood pressure elevation but also in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and tissue invasion. Therefore, the inhibition of these pathways may have beneficial effects on cancer prevention or treatment. In this article, we reviewed several studies regarding antihypertensive drugs and cancer. In particular, we focused on the results of clinical trials to evaluate whether the use of antihypertensive drugs affects future cancer risk and prognosis. Unfortunately, the results are somewhat inconsistent, and evidence demonstrating the effect of antihypertensive drugs remains limited. We indicate that the heterogeneity in the study designs makes it difficult to clarify the causal relationship between antihypertensive drugs and cancer. We also propose that additional experimental studies, including research with induced pluripotent cells derived from cancer patients, single-cell analyses of cancer cell clusters, and clinical studies using artificial intelligence electronic health record systems, might be helpful to reveal the precise association between antihypertensive drugs and cancer risk.
Immune globulin therapy and kidney disease: Overview and screening, monitoring, and management recommendations
Authors: Kobayashi Roger H , Rigas Michael T 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose
This report calls attention to the potential risks of diminished kidney function when administering immune globulin (IG). The goal is to increase awareness of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney function impairment in patients receiving IG and provide recommendations for screening, monitoring, and management to promote risk prevention and mitigation.

Summary
Human IG preparations for intravenous (IVIG) or subcutaneous (SCIG) administration are the mainstay of treatment in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases. Increasingly, IVIG at high doses (1,000 to 2,400 mg/kg) is also used as a treatment for a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. Although some autoinflammatory disorders respond to a single course of IVIG therapy, the majority of patients require long-term, regular infusions, thereby increasing the overall risks. Often, both patients and physicians treating adults with IG are unaware of underlying CKD or kidney function impairment. This lack of awareness constitutes a major risk factor for potential worsening, particularly when using high doses of IVIG. Therefore, screening of all patients for CKD and kidney function impairment before the use of IG is essential. Identification of the cause of kidney impairment is strongly encouraged, as IG therapy may need to be modified.

Conclusion
As detailed here, there are potential risks to patients with impaired kidney function with administration of IG, particularly at high doses. Product selection, volume, route of administration, and rate of infusion may impact those with compromised kidney function. Therefore, screening of all patients for CKD and kidney function impairment before the use of IVIG and SCIG, as well as ongoing monitoring and management, is critical. As with all potential adverse drug reactions, the best approach is to prevent them.
Assessment of Testamentary Capacity in Older Adults: Description and Initial Validation of a Standardized Interview Instrument
Authors: Martin Roy C , Gerstenecker Adam , Hebert Katina , Triebel Kristen , Marson Daniel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTestamentary capacity (TC) is a legal construct, which concerns a person’s mental capacity to make or amend a will. Although expert clinicians are frequently asked to assess TC in forensic settings, there are few instruments and little empirical research to inform and guide their assessments. The present study describes the development and psychometric properties of a standardized assessment measure of TC (Testamentary Capacity Instrument-TCI), and investigates its reliability and validity.MethodsThe TCI is an interview-based, psychometric measure, which assesses a testator’s knowledge of four conceptual elements, which together comprise the legal basis for TC in the Anglo-American legal system: (1) what a will is, (2) nature and extent of assets/property, (3) possible heirs/claimants to property, and (4) plan to distribute assets to heirs after death. Cronbach’s alpha and percentage exact agreement were used to examine TCI element reliabilities. Using independent samples t-tests, MANOVA and MANCOVA, we investigated validity by comparing TCI element performance of cognitively intact older adults (n = 22) and older adults with ad dementia (n = 20).ResultsThe TCI elements showed good internal consistency and good inter-rater reliability. The ad group performed significantly below the control group on all four TCI elements, with effect sizes exceeding 1.2, suggesting that the TCI has content and construct validity.ConclusionsRelative to cognitively intact older adults, older adults with ad dementia showed significant impairment on all four TCI conceptual elements. The TCI has promise as a standardized quantitative measure of TC to support clinical assessment of TC in forensic settings.