bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The added value of MDCT enterography using oral lactulose solution in detection, characterization, and guiding management of small bowel disorders
Authors: Ali Mohamed Shokrey , Sadek Ahmed Galal , Omran Eman Fouad , Maher Maha Mohamed , Helmy Eman Mohamed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Small bowel variable symptoms present a diagnostic challenge for both gastroenterologists and radiologists due to SI length, overlapping serpentine course and continuous motility. CT enterography was introduced in the last two decades as the cornerstone imaging modality in diagnosing small bowel disorders using a mixture of an oral solution containing water and a gastrointestinal diluting agent. This study aims to demonstrate the added value of MDCTE in evaluating and guiding the management of small bowel disorders in order to reduce SI-related morbidity and mortality.

Results
Data analysis of 80 patient records involved in this study demonstrated the high accuracy of MDCTE in detecting different small bowel disorders and their related pathologies, confirmed by laboratory and histopathological analyses.

Conclusions
MDCT enterography with oral lactulose solution is now the mainstay of imaging in the detection, characterization, and guiding management of small bowel disorders with great value of low-dose techniques in CD patient’s follow-up in order to reduce ionizing radiation exposure.
Toward a “Prodigious Revival of French Economics”? Allais, Debreu, and the Dead Loss Controversy (1943–51)
Authors: Fèvre Raphaël , Mueller Thomas Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article aims to trace the hitherto little-known controversy involving Maurice Allais, François Divisia, Harold Hotelling, and Gérard Debreu in the immediate postwar years. The controversy turned on “dead loss,” a measure of the maximum value of available surplus serving as a gauge of economic efficiency and social welfare. The protagonists argued about how it should be expressed mathematically, the hypothesis underpinning it, and its general significance. The paper draws heavily on unpublished materials (letters and notes) to unfold the different stages of the dead loss controversy and shows that it was driven by an intricate interlacing of technical advances in welfare economics with Allais's personal ambition to spearhead the revival of French economics. Eventually, this controversy (and the tense exchange between Allais and Debreu that came with it) proved a remarkable—although tacit—driving force behind Debreu's contributions of the early 1950s.
Reducing Sedentary Time and Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity in Metabolic Syndrome: A 6-Month Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: SJÖROS TANJA , LAINE SAARA , GARTHWAITE TARU , VÄHÄ-YPYÄ HENRI , LÖYTTYNIEMI ELIISA , KOIVUMÄKI MIKKO , HOUTTU NOORA , LAITINEN Kirsi , KALLIOKOSKI Kari K. , SIEVÄNEN HARRI , VASANKARI TOMMI , KNUUTI JUHANI , HEINONEN ILKKA H.A. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate whether a reduction in daily sedentary behavior (SB) improves insulin sensitivity in adults with metabolic syndrome in 6 months, without adding intentional exercise training.

Methods
Sixty-four sedentary inactive middle-age adults with overweight and metabolic syndrome (mean (SD) age, 58 (7) yr; mean (SD) body mass index, 31.6 (4.3) kg·m−2; 27 men) were randomized into intervention and control groups. The 6-month individualized behavioral intervention supported by an interactive accelerometer and a mobile application aimed at reducing daily SB by 1 h compared with baseline. Insulin sensitivity by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, body composition by air displacement plethysmography, and fasting blood samples were analyzed before and after the intervention. SB and physical activity were measured with hip-worn accelerometers throughout the intervention.

Results
SB decreased by 40 (95% confidence interval, 17–65) min·d−1, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity increased by 20 (95% confidence interval, 11–28) min·d−1 on average in the intervention group with no significant changes in these outcomes in the control group. After 6 months, fasting plasma insulin decreased (~1 mU·L−1) in the intervention group compared with the control group (time–group, P = 0.0081), but insulin sensitivity did not change in either group. The changes in body mass or adiposity did not differ between groups. Among all participants, the changes in SB and body mass correlated inversely with the change in insulin sensitivity (r = −0.31, −0.44; P = 0.025, 0.0005, respectively).

Conclusions
An intervention aimed at reducing daily SB resulted in slightly decreased fasting insulin, but had no effects on insulin sensitivity or body adiposity. However, as the change in insulin sensitivity associated with the changes in SB and body mass, multifaceted interventions targeting to weight loss are likely to be beneficial in improving whole-body insulin sensitivity.
Anticuerpos postvacunales frente a SARS-CoV-2 en una cohorte de trabajadores de un hospital general
Authors: Sabater Vidal Susana , Tirado-Balaguer María Dolores , Soria-Martín Raquel , Arnedo-Pena Alberto , Gil-Galdón Abel , Bellido-Cambrón Mª Carmen , Moreno-Muñoz Mª Rosario 
Published: October 2022

Introducción: Estimar la evolución de los niveles de anticuerpos anti-SARS-CoV-2 y los factores asociados, así como la incidencia de nuevas infecciones.
Método: Estudio de cohorte prospectivo de una muestra representativa de trabajadores del Hospital General Universitario de Castellón a los 8 meses de recibir la 2ª dosis de la vacuna Pfizer-BioNTech contra el SARS-CoV-2, mediante la determinación de anticuerpos IgG-S y IgG-NP, y la cumplimentación de un cuestionario. Se compararon los resultados con los del inicio de la cohorte en febrero de 2021. Se usó regresión lineal múltiple y regresión de Poisson.
Resultados: Participaron 253 trabajadores de los 275 reclutados al inicio de la cohorte (92%). Todos mantenían niveles detectables de IgG-S, mediana de 691,5 UA/ml, disminuyendo un 93,3% con respecto al inicio. Los descensos de IgG-S fueron mayores con la edad y la obesidad, y menores en aquellos con historia de COVID-19, IgG-S elevada inicial, practicar ejercicio habitual y ser fumador. Tener IgG-NP se asoció positivamente con historia de COVID-19, tomar vitamina D, y disminuyeron del 4,4% al 1,2%. Se produjeron 4 casos de COVID-19 en la cohorte, con una tasa de incidencia del 1,7%, con un fallecimiento en un participante con tratamiento inmunosupresor, solo un caso fue asintomático y no hubo reinfecciones.
Conclusiones: Se produce un descenso general de los anticuerpos IgG-S e IgG-NP después de la segunda dosis de vacuna Pfizer-BioNTech, así como nuevas infecciones por SARS-CoV-2. Se recomienda dosis de recuerdo, mantener medidas protectoras y determinar el umbral de anticuerpos protectores de la vacunación.
Head and neck mycetoma: Clinical findings, investigations, and predictors for recurrence of the disease in Sudan: A retrospective study
Authors: Omer Alaa T. , Hasabo Elfatih A. , Bashir Sara N. , EL hag Noha E. , Ahmed Yousra S. , Abdelgadir Istabraq I. , Osman Asma A. 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionMycetoma is a unique neglected tropical disease which is found endemic in areas known as the “mycetoma belt”. Head and neck mycetoma is a rarity and it has many devastating impacts on patients and communities. In this study, we assessed clinical findings, investigations, and predictors for recurrence of head and neck mycetoma in Sudan.MethodologyA retrospective study was conducted at Mycetoma Research Center in Khartoum between January 1999 and December 2020 for all patients with head and neck mycetoma. Data were analyzed using R software version 4.0.2.ResultsWe included 107 patients with head and neck mycetoma. 65.4% were young adult males from mycetoma endemic areas in Sudan, and most of them were students (33.6%). Most of patients (64.4%) had actinomycetoma. Before presenting with head and neck mycetoma, majority (75.7%) had a long duration with mycetoma, and 30.8% had a history of trauma. The commonest invaded site was the parietal region (30.8%). The lesion started gradually in most of the patients (96.3%). 53.3% of the patients had large size lesions with no sweating, regional lymph nodes involvement, or distal vein involvement. CT scan was the most accurate diagnostic tool while 8.4% of patients were diagnosed by clinical examinations only. Laboratory investigations confirmed that 24/45 (44.4%) of actinomycetoma was caused by Streptomyces somaliensis while 13/28 (46.4%) of eumycetoma was caused by Madurella mycetomatis. All patients with recurrence of head and neck mycetoma underwent surgical excision of the lesion (n = 41/41 {100%}, p < 0.001).ConclusionIn head and neck mycetoma, the most common type was actinomycetes in Sudan. Majority had a long course of mycetoma and the commonest causative organism was Streptomyces somaliensis. The treatment outcome was poor and characterized by a low cure rate.
Language Socialization of Written Academic Discourse
Authors: Wulandari Dwi 
Published: October 2022

This paper will look at the studies conducted to see how written academic discourse is socialized. Written academic discourse socialization is a dynamic process, mostly socially situated and comtemporarily involves multimodal, multilingual, and intertextual context. This paper will see what influences the process of language socialization within this context, focusing on how the novice learners learn to participate themselves into the academic written discourse. In different setting of culture, there are various values that learners bring into educational context. The same thing also happens in the socialization of written discourse. Learners bring their previous experiences, shaped identity, and other values that might be different, or even in contrast with what is being socialized. In this way, it is interesting to see how learners cope with such things and take the step to participate in the academic world. Equally important, it is necessary to examine the impact of language socialization forms, either in the form of feed back, remodelling, or criticism on the learners resistance or conformity
The Paradox of Native Americans in Black Elk Speaks
Authors: Laksono Arido 
Published: October 2022

Black Elk Speaks is a book describing the spirituality and social life of Native Americans. It contains values of living in balance with nature and the respect towards the Great Spirit. Black Elk himself is a prominent figure believed by Native Americans or the Indian as having vision of the future. The book is the words of Black Elk as told through John G. Neihardt (Flamming Rainbow). By reading the book, we learn how Native Americans survive in the land that does not belong to their tribes. The pain and sorrow of watching relatives and family vanished in the war. Yet, the identity of Native Americans remains among the uproar of social changes in the history of America. The purification of mind and soul in viewing modern life is in line with the American individualism. Furthermore, the study of Native American literature will enrich the spiritual journey of individuals in interpreting life in a multicultural society. Here, I would like to explore the paradox of living in the Indian reservation and the facts faced by Native Americans as told in Black Elk Speaks. Keywords: Black Elk, vision, spirituality, paradox, Native Americans
Introducing New Traditional Cuisine for Maintaining Culture and Promoting Tourism in Tegal Regency
Authors: Savitri Ayu Ida 
Published: October 2022

Culture is the custom, the art, the specific institution, and the achievement of a particular nation, people, or social group. Since a culture reflects the life of its owner, when the owner of a culture no longer keeps the culture, it becomes a history. One of ways of maintaining culture is through developing new ones, such as developng new tradition. One of the examples of it is developing new tradition of cooking traditional cuisine especially made by local people using local ingredient with new way of consuming it. This research shows how the local people of Tegal Regency develops new traditional cuisine from the old one, supported by the local govenment to be part of their culinary tourism promotion. The first one is sate blengong, a side dish developed from the old/original chicken/lamb satay but was made of blengong meat, a cross breed of bebek (duck) and mentok (Muscovy duck), sticked on bamboo skewer, grilled and served with peanut sauce. The second one is Rujak Teplak, a side dish developed from the old/original rujak (boiled vegetables served with peanuts sauce) whose name is created from the way the seller put nine kinds of vegetable on banana leaf as its wrapping (teplak means putting something with a force resulting a kind of slapping sound). The result shows that the new traditional cuisines are famous for its uniqueness and good taste so that it attracts tourists to come and taste it after seeing them being promoted through various social medias. It can be concluded that those new cuisines keeps Tegal Regency’s culinary tradition as part of their culture that is beneficial to promote Tegal Regency culinary tourism.Keywords: culture, tradition, cuisine, culinary, tourism, promotion
Shelley’s “Ode to the west wind” as the Reflection and Expression of the Romantic Era
Authors: Respatio Christine Resnitriwati 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Literary works usually as a mirror of the society is life. A literary work can represent historical, social and political background of an era. A poem as one of literary works can do the samething. In this paper, the writer took the Ode to the west wind by Shelley, that is as the Reflection of the Romantic Age. The writer used the History approach to understand the historical background of the Romantic Period, and the aspect of the Romanticism era to explore the contain of the poem. The result shows that Ode to The West Wind is really reveals the condition of that era. Key words: romanticism, imagination, individual, the post, nature.
Sound Change as Media for Showing Deference
Authors: Candra Oktiva Herry 
Published: October 2022

AbstractJavanese language shows a dynamic change when used in daily communication. The change represented by vowels and consonants as a speaker alternates from Ngoko to Krama is not only a phenomenon of phonetics but also a phenomenon of intention. A speaker changes his linguistic code to meet social functions of language. One of them is that the change of phoneme represents the way of Javanese people when they give respect or honor to others. Phonetically, the change of phoneme will result in different mouth shapes as these phonemes are produced. According to Javanese, the shape of mouth is in line with politeness. The participatory observation method was applied to get the data. The result shows that indeed there are various changes in vowel and consonants when a speaker alternates from Ngoko to Krama. This alternation is in line with the change in which language sound tends to change from open to close. It seems Javanese will use frontier vowels and consonant as they want to obey politeness principle. Key words: vowel and consonant change, shape of mouth and politeness
FEUDALISM IN THE ABUSE OF POWER IN URSULA K. LE GUIN’S SEMLEY’S NECKLACE
Authors: Farhati Amalia , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto 
Published: October 2022

Abstract This research paper discusses feudalism in the short story written by Ursula K. Le Guin, entitled Semley’s Necklace. The writers use sociological approach to analyze the textual and contextual elements in the story. The writers apply library research method in compiling data and information needed related to the research. In analyzing the phenomena in Ursula K. Le Guin’s Semley’s Necklace, the writers use the theory of Feudalism of François-Louis Ganshof and Marc Bloch. The result of the research indicates that there is a partnership inequality between the Lord-Vassal feudal system and the abuses of power committed by the Starlords as the ruling party that fails to prosper the inhabitants of Western Lands and exploits their property. The exploitation causes a rampant growth of poverty in Western Lands. The poverty causes discontent and jealousy on Semley as the protagonist in the story. The poverty, discontent, and jealousy bring Semley influence to decide to leave the manor to search for her lost dowry called “The Eye of the Sea”. As a result, Semley loses her beloved husband, the only reason she goes away to bring back her sapphire-stoned necklace in a “one-night long” journey. Keywords: feudalism, abuse of power, lord, vassal
MAINTAINING JAVANESE LANGUAGE THROUGH JAVANESE TRADITIONAL FOOD NAMES IN DHOPLANG CULTURAL TOURISM SITE
Authors: Sundari Wiwiek 
Published: October 2022

Language, both spoken and written, whether it is alive or dead, will becontinuously preservedby linguist and historian as an evidence of human being civilization as it is used as medium of knowing the culture of its users. Through language in prescription onoral story, a culture is shared. Thus, when a language extinct after its speakers weregone so that they cannot passing it intotheir future users or after their descendantsshifttheir language into another more beneficial languages than theirs so that the previous one isno longer used,a culture is also dead as it only written and not used. To preserve the language, language maintenance is needed. One of the ways to do it is by using it in tourism site to let people aware of their own language and culture as well as to introduce it into public. This research showshow Javaneselanguage is integrated in Dhoplang Javanese Traditional Market in Wonogiri, Central Java as it sells Javanese traditional foodusing Javanese traditional wrapping made of banana leaves. The management is also ordering buyers and requesting sellers to use Javanese language and wear Javanese traditional clothes. The result shows that thetourism site remindssellers and buyers of their language and introduce the language it into people who are not Javanese since they know what the meaning and philosophy of the food names andwrappingthatserves as the language preservation.Keywords:Javanese language and culture maintenance, Dhoplang, food and food wrapping names
HUMOR IN BRITISH TELEVISION SERIES MIND YOUR LANGUAGE SEASON 1
Authors: Ihsan Muhammad , Kepirianto Catur 
Published: October 2022

Ambiguity in language is often considered as a problem. Ambiguity can be found in every aspect of language whether it is written or spoken text. Research in terms of ambiguity was normally found in written language, but this study conducted in spoken text. In this research, the ambiguity is spoken by non-native English in a humoristic expression. Lexical ambiguity is usually caused by homonymy and polysemy. This research aims to describe the ambiguity in the British television series Mind Your Language Season 1 and focus on the lexical ambiguity especially in polysemy and contextual meaning. The technique of collecting the data is note-taking technique. The writer describes all possible meanings from the ambiguous joke by analyzing the contextual meaning. This study is conducted to describe all possible meanings from the ambiguous jokes within the context. There are four contextual meanings in polysemy but the author focused on two contextual meaning that are mostly found in this study. By analyzing the contextual meaning, the writer reveals the correct interpretation and intention of the ambiguous words and mostly found type of contextual meaning in polysemy used by non-native English.Keywords: ambiguity, contextual meaning, lexical ambiguity, polysemy
The Depiction of White Savior Narrative in John Ferrely’s Green Book (2018) Movie
Authors: Prabasiwi Dania Rachma , Pratama Rifka 
Published: October 2022

In the other manifestations, racism may refer to a very implicit condition and it called as a white savior narrative by an expert. In Green Book movie directed by Peter Farrelly’s depicts this phenomenon. The writer try tries to examine white savior phenomenon depicted inside the movie where there is the dominance of Tony lip as a white people who becomes a savior for black people, Don Shirley. Library research method is used as the research method of this study; meanwhile exponential approach is applied to focus its discussion by examining several of the intrinsic elements namely setting, character, and conflict. Meanwhile extrinsic approach, especially sociological approach, which discusses the white savior phenomenon inside the movie, is used in this study. The result of this discussion shows that there exist some white savior narrative phenomena reflected by Tony Lip, one of the main characters inside the movie. Keywords: white savior; racial discrimination; racism In the other manifestations, racism may refer to a very implicit condition and it called as a white savior narrative by an expert. In Green Book movie directed by Peter Farrelly’s depicts this phenomenon. The writer try tries to examine white savior phenomenon depicted inside the movie where there is the dominance of Tony lip as a white people who becomes a savior for black people, Don Shirley. Library research method is used as the research method of this study; meanwhile exponential approach is applied to focus its discussion by examining several of the intrinsic elements namely setting, character, and conflict. Meanwhile extrinsic approach, especially sociological approach, which discusses the white savior phenomenon inside the movie, is used in this study. The result of this discussion shows that there exist some white savior narrative phenomena reflected by Tony Lip, one of the main characters inside the movie
“The age of Camille Is Gone!”: Youth Culture in Qiong Yao Films of the 1970s
Authors: Zhou Xuelin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper examines the Qiong Yao films directed by Lee Hsing in the 1970s from the perspective of youth culture. Quintessentially youthful romance by genre, the majority of Qiong Yao films feature young men and young women in their early 20s as protagonists. The films focus on representing the attitudes, conducts and lifestyles of young men and young women. The paper argues that the Qiong Yao films directed by Lee Hsing in the 1970s demonstrate more signs of youth autonomy when comparing to those of the previous decade. Why the 1970s? What were the factors that contributed to the shift of perspective? What is the significance of representing an autonomous youth culture to Qiong Yao films? The paper seeks answers to these questions by closely referring to The Young Ones (Caiyun fei, 1973).
Quantifying the impact of imbalanced groups in FIFA Women’s World Cup tournaments 1991–2019
Authors: Lapré Michael A. , Palazzolo Elizabeth M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The FIFA Women’s World Cup tournament consists of a group stage and a knockout stage. We identify several issues that create competitive imbalance in the group stage. We use match data from all Women’s World Cup tournaments from 1991 through 2019 to empirically assess competitive imbalance across groups in each World Cup. Using least squares, we determine ratings for all teams. For each team, we average the ratings of the opponents in the group to calculate group opponents rating. We find that the range in group opponents rating varies between 2.5 and 4.5 goals indicating substantial competitive imbalance. We use logistic regression to quantify the impact of imbalance on the probability of success in the Women’s World Cup. Specifically, our estimates show that one goal less in group opponents rating can increase the probability of reaching the quarterfinal by 33%. We discuss several policy recommendations to reduce competitive imbalance at the Women’s World Cup.