bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adalimumab versus Infliximab Treatment Outcome in Ulcerative Colitis: Application of EQ-5D, Visual Analogue Scale, and IBDQ-9 Measures: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Karami Hassan , Azar Farbod Ebadi Fard , Lankarani Kamran Bagheri , Rezapour Aziz , Ghahramani Sulmaz , Baghbanian Abdolvahab 
Published: August 2022

Background:Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic global disease, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing worldwide.Objective:Our objective was to compare secondary outcome of treatment with Infliximab (IFX) and Adalimumab (ADA) of the UC patients.Methods:This was a one-year prospective observational study of moderate- to -severe UC patients treated with ADA or IFX. Patients' secondary health outcomes were measured using the EQ-5D 3L, EQ-VAS, and IBDQ-9 tools. T-test, Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among UC patients. HRQoL predictor variables were identified by multivariate linear regression and multivariate logistic regression.Results:A total of 238 UC patients (patients taking IFX: 78, patients taking ADA: 160) with a mean age of 37.66 and a mean disease duration of 9.29 years were enrolled. The EQ-5D index, EQ-VAS, and IBDQ-9 scores of patients taking IFX were 0.65, 55.93 and, 37.42, respectively. Similarly, patients taking ADA were 0.68, 59.27 and, 36.61, respectively. The highest problem reports were in P/D: 86.1% and A/D: 73.5%. The main independent predictors of HRQoL were: education over 12 years (β = 0.054 [EQ-5D index], β = 13.63 [EQ-VAS], OR: 0.28 [MO], OR: 0.07 [SC]), education between 6-12 years (β = 11.23 [EQ-VAS]), and having "other chronic diseases" (β = -0.074 [EQ-5D index], β = -5.29 [IBDQ-9], OR: 2.84 [UA], OR: 3.80 [A/D]).Conclusion:There was no significant difference between the effect of ADA and IFX on secondary health outcomes in patients with moderate-to-severe UC.
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Traumatic Brain Injured Patients with
Acute Respiratory Failure
Authors: Racca Fabrizio , Geraci Cristina , Cremascoli Luca , Ruvolo Domenico , Piccolella Fabio , Romenskaya Tatsiana , Longhitano Yaroslava , Martuscelli Ermelinda , Saviano Angela , Savioli Gabriele , Zanza Christian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) need to be admitted to intensive care
(ICU) because they require invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) due to reduced consciousness
resulting in loss of protective airway reflexes, reduced ability to cough and altered breathing control.
In addition, these patients can be complicated by pneumonia and acute distress syndrome (ARDS).
IMV allows these patients to be sedated, decreasing intracranial pressure and ensuring an adequate
oxygen delivery and tight control of arterial carbon dioxide tension. However, IMV can also cause
dangerous effects on the brain due to its interaction with intrathoracic and intracranial compartments.
Moreover, when TBI is complicated by ARDS, the setting of mechanical ventilation can be very
difficult as ventilator goals are often different and in conflict with each other. Consequently, close
brain and respiratory monitoring is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated
patients with severe TBI and ARDS.
Recently, recommendations for the setting of mechanical ventilation in patients with acute brain injury
(ABI) were issued by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM). However, there is
insufficient evidence regarding ventilation strategies for patients with ARDS associated with ABI.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze in detail respiratory strategies and targets in patients with TBI
associated with ARDS.
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase P4HA1 Mediates the Interplay Between Glucose
Metabolism and Stemness in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Cao Xiaopeng , Cao Yi , Zhao Hui , Wang Pengfei , Zhu Ziman 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are profoundly implicated in tumor initiation and progression
as well as drug resistance and tumor recurrence of many cancer types, especially pancreatic ductal
adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Previously, we revealed that prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 1 (P4HA1)
enhances the Warburg effect and tumor growth in PDAC. However, the possible connection between
P4HA1 and cancer stemness in PDAC remains obscure. In this study, P4HA1-dependent cancer stemness
was studied by sphere-formation assay and detection of stemness markers.

Methods:
Glycolytic capacity in cancer stem cells and their parental tumor cells was investigated by glucose
uptake, lactate secretion, and expression of glycolytic genes. Glycolysis inhibitors were used to determine
the link between cancer stemness and glycolysis. A subcutaneous xenograft model was generated
to investigate P4HA1-induced stemness and glycolysis in vivo.

Results:
We revealed that ectopic expression of P4HA1 increased the stemness of PDAC cells as evidenced
by the increased proportion of CD133+ cells, elevated sphere-formation ability, and the upregulated
levels of cancer stemness-related proteins (SOX2, OCT4, and NANOG). Blocking tumor glycolysis
with 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) or a selective inhibitor of glucose transporter 1 (STF-31) significantly
reduced the stem properties of PDAC cells, suggesting that P4HA1-induced glycolysis was essential
for the stem-like phenotype of PDAC cells. In addition, in vivo study reaffirmed a promotive effect of
P4HA1 on tumor glycolysis and cancer stemness.

Conclusion:
Collectively, our findings suggest that P4HA1 not only affects tumor metabolic reprogramming
but also facilitates cancer stemness, which might be exploited as a vulnerable target for PDAC
treatment.
Combined Effects of Programmed Cell Death-1 Blockade and Endostar on Brain
Metastases of Lung Cancer
Authors: Yang Jiankai , Bu Hui , Qi Xuejiao , Zhao Yinlong , Yang Song , Sun YuMeng , Liu Honglei , Liu Pengyu , Feng Shiyao , Tui Hongbo , Yuan Zheng 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The blockade of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and recombinant human endostatin can be
used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its metastasis. This study aims to explore the therapeutically
potential of PD-1 blockade plus Endostar in brain metastasis of NSCLC.

Methods:
The mouse brain metastases model was established using Lewis lung carcinoma luciferase (LLC-Luc) and
PC-9-Luc cells. Tumor metastasis in the brain and tumor burden were analyzed by using bioluminescence imaging
(BLI), qRT-PCR and ELISA which were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels of biomarkers in tumor tissues.
Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the expression and location of CD31 in tumor tissues in the
brain.

Results:
Treatment with anti-PD-1 and Endostar suppressed tumor metastasis in the brain and prolonged overall survival
rate in LLC-Luc and PC-9-Luc brain metastases mouse model. In addition, treatment with anti-PD-1 and Endostar
inhibited the expressions of CD31 and VEGF in tumor tissues in the brain. Furthermore, treatment with anti-PD-
1 and Endostar significantly suppressed the levels of IL1β, IFNγ, and TGFβ in the tumor tissues.

Conclusion:
The combination of PD-1 blockade and endostar suppressed brain metastases of NSCLC.
Human ACE-2, MCP1 and micro-RNA 146 as Novel Markers for
COVID- 19 Affection and Severity
Authors: Abd-Elsalam Sherief , Mohamed Amal Ahmed , Abdelghani Ahmed , Hassan Mohamed Badr , Ghaith Doaa , Ezzat Omnia , El-damasy Dalia Ali , Madbouli Norhan Nagdi , Hamada Mohmoud , Elkady Mohamed Abdel Khalik , AL-Tabbakh AL-Shaimaa M. , Eshra Kareman Ahmed Ebrahim , Baiomy Nivin 
Published: August 2022

Background & Aims:
Coronavirus disease - 2019 (COVID-19) is a major pandemic that
causes high morbidity and mortality rates. Aim of this study: to detect the relations between many risk
factors, ACE-2, MCP-1, Micro RNA 146 gene expression, and COVID-19 infection and disease severity.

Methods:
This study was carried out on 165 cases of COVID-19 and 138 controls. ACE2 and MCP1
levels were measured in COVID-19 cases and control by ELISA and micro-RNA-146 expression by
PCR.

Results:
We found an increased blood level of ACE2 and MCP1 in COVID- 19 patients than in
healthy persons and a significant down-regulation of micro-RNA 146 gene expression in cases than in
controls. There was a significant correlation between increased blood level of ACE2, regulation of
micro-RNA 146 gene expression and severity of lung affection, a significant correlation was found
between increased blood level of MCP1 and thrombosis in COVID-19 patients. Neurological complications
were significantly correlated with more viral load, more ACE2 blood level, and down regulation
of micro RNA146 expression.

Conclusions:
High viral load, increased blood level of ACE2, and down-regulation of micro-RNA 146
expression are associated with more severe lung injury and the presence of neurologic complications
like convulsions and coma in COVID-19 Egyptian patients.
Neurorestoratology: New Advances in Clinical Therapy
Authors: Huang Hongyun , Sharma Hari Shanker , Chen Lin , Chen Di 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Neurorestorative treatments have been able to improve the quality of life for patients suffering
from neurological diseases and damages since the concept of Neurorestoratology was proposed.
The discipline of Neurorestoratology focuses on restoring impaired neurological functions and/or
structures through varying neurorestorative mechanisms including neurostimulation or neuromodulation,
neuroprotection, neuroplasticity, neuroreplacement, loop reconstruction, remyelination, immunoregulation,
angiogenesis or revascularization, neuroregeneration or neurogenesis and others. The neurorestorative
strategies of Neurorestoratology include all therapeutic methods which can restore dysfunctions
for patients with neurological diseases and improve their quality of life. Neurorestoratology
is different from regenerative medicine in the nervous system, which mainly focuses on the neuroregeneration.
It also is different from Neurorehabilitation. Neurorestoratology and Neurorehabilitation
share some functional recovering mechanisms, such as neuroplasticity, especially in the early phase of
neurological diseases; but generally Neurorehabilitation mainly focuses on recovering neurological functions
through making the best use of residual neurological functions, replacing lost neurological functions
in the largest degree, and preventing and treating varying complications. Recently, there have been more
advances in restoring damaged nerves by cell therapy, neurostimulation/neuromodulation and braincomputer
interface (BCI), neurorestorative surgery, neurorestorative pharmaceutics, and other clinic
strategies. Simultaneously related therapeutic guidelines and standards are set up in succession. Based on
those advances, clinicians should consider injured and degenerated nervous disorders or diseases in the
central nervous system as treatable or neurorestorative disorders. Extending and encouraging further neurorestorative
explorations and achieving better clinical efficacy with stronger evidence regarding neurorestoratology
will shed new light and discover superior benefits for patients with neurological disorders.
Factors Associated with Plasma Levels of Tamoxifen and its Main Metabolites in Mexican Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Romano Silvia , Morales Miriam , Aguilar Angélica , Medellín Susanna , Milán Rosa , Cruz José , Zermeño José , Segarra Alejandra 
Published: August 2022

Background:Tamoxifen (TAM) is commonly prescribed as adjuvant therapy in women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Unfortunately, not all patients respond adequately to this drug. This variation in pharmacological response has been associated with different factors, including genetic polymorphisms of enzymes responsible for the metabolism of TAM.Objective:To determine the concentrations of tamoxifen (TAM) and its main metabolites in Mexican women with breast cancer and to evaluate its relationship with genetic, demographic and anthropometric characteristics.Methods:Eighty-four patients with a mean age of 49.3 (± 8.8) years were included in the study. Plasma concentrations of TAM and its metabolites N-desmethyl-tamoxifen (NDT), 4- hydroxy-tamoxifen (4HT) and endoxifen (END) were determined in predose for each patient. CYP2D6 * 4, * 10 and CYP3A5 * 3 genetic polymorphisms were characterized. Demographic, anthropometric, biochemical and clinical data were recorded for each patient.Results:Plasma concentrations of 4HT and END were higher in the extensive metabolizer (EM) phenotype than in the intermediate metabolizer (IM) phenotype (p<0.05). The metabolic ratio (MR) [END+4HT]/[TAM+NDT] was lower in patients with the CYP2D6 IM phenotype than those with the EM phenotype (p= 0.014). Regarding anthropometric factors, a positive correlation was found for 4HT and the END concerning age (R = 0.256 and 0.232, respectively). The body mass index (BMI) presented a statistically significant correlation with the concentrations of NDT (R=-0.351) and 4HT (R=-0.298).Conclusion:CYP2D6 phenotype, age and BMI could help to explain part of the interindividual variability of TAM plasma levels and its metabolites in the Mexican population.
Carbon Nanotube – Synthesis, Purification and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Mishra Sudhanshu , Kumari Sonali , Mishra Ayush Chandra , Chaubey Ratnesh , Ojha Smriti 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a relatively new class of technical materials with a variety of
unique and beneficial features. CNT is a revolutionary carrier technology for both tiny and big medicinal
compounds. These formulations can be surface engineered and functionalized with predefined
functional groups to control their physical and biological characteristics. CNTs have proven potential
for cancer therapy along with other target-oriented therapy due to their unique features, such as ease of
cell viability, high drug stacking, thermal ablation, and exceptional intrinsic physical and chemical
characteristics. Graphite with Sp2 bonded carbon atoms is used for the synthesis of CNT. CNTs are
fabricated in a variety of ways, including arc discharge, laser ablation, chemical vapor deposition,
flame synthesis, and silane solution. The present review summarises methods of preparation, types,
and various applications of CNT.
Recent Trends on Microplastics Pollution and Its Remediation:
A Review
Authors: Hooda Sanjeevani , Mondal Prasenjit 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Omnipresence of microplastics (<5mm) in our ecosystem has presented a worldwide concern for the threat it might present in the future. This review aims to highlight the toxic effect of microplastic on marine organisms, identify the research gaps in the microplastic identification techniques (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, etc.) and remediation processes available (flocculation, membrane bioreactor, bioremediation, etc.) as well as throw light on the prospects to mitigate the microplastic pollution in the environment. The abundance of microplastics in the oceans and its subsequent ingestion causes false satiation leading to starvation, weakened immune system, reduced reproduction rate, and other toxic effects on marine organisms. Recent studies have also found the presence of microplastics in human bodies, without the true knowledge of its effects. Based on reviewed literature, combination of different analytical (identification) techniques are proven to be more useful in providing the detailed understanding of the microplastic sample in comparison to any one individual technique. Amongst all the available remediation techniques, bioremediation has shown the potency to be used as a sustainable, environment friendly, in-situ remediation process with engineered microbes/enzymes as the potent future of microplastic remediation.
Role of Oxidative Stress in Pathophysiological Progression of
Schizophrenia
Authors: Bhatt Shvetank , Upadhyay Tanuj , Patil CR , Pai K. Sreedhara R. , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Dua Kamal 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Oxidative stress (OS) is a chief contributing factor to the pathological
advancement of Schizophrenia (SCZ). In recent years, OS has emerged as an important aspect
in SCZ research and provides abundant opportunities and expectations for a better understanding
of its pathophysiology, which may lead to novel treatment strategies.

Introduction:
The increased OS and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to damage
to cellular macromolecules. The excessive OS is associated with several physiological processes,
such as dysfunction of mitochondria and neuroglia, inflammation, underactive Nmethyl-
D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, and the abnormalities of fast-spiking gammaaminobutyric
acid (GABA) interneurons.

Methods:
The methods adopted for the study are mainly based on the secondary search through
a systemic literature review. The role of various anti-oxidants, including vitamins, is discussed
in the reduction of SCZ.

Results:
Various preclinical and clinical studies suggest the involvement of OS and ROS in the
progression of the disease. Recent human trials have shown the treatment with antioxidants to
be effective in ameliorating symptoms and delaying the progression of SCZ pathology. The
studies have demonstrated that innate and dietary antioxidants exert beneficial effects by reducing
the severity of positive symptoms (PS) and/or negative symptoms (NS) of SCZ.

Conclusion:
The present review critically evaluates the effect of antioxidants and highlights
the role of OS in SCZ.
Psychological Profiles of Positive Mental Health of Women in
Situation of Confinement Due to COVID-19
Authors: Navarro-Obeid Jorge Eduardo , De la Hoz-Granadillo Efraín Javier , Vergara-Álvarez María Laura 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The world health organization has indicated that the problem of
COVID-19 and confinement generated strong psychological impacts on the world population.
Much of the research has focused on studying mental health in different population groups,
leaving aside a positive mental health perspective.

Objective:
The present research intended to establish positive mental health profiles in confined
women due to COVID-19 during 2020.

Method:
The factors of personal satisfaction, prosocial attitude, self-control, autonomy, problem-
solving, self-actualization, and interpersonal relationships were assessed through the application
of Lluch's positive mental health scale, in a sample of 202 confined women in the Department
of Sucre, Colombia, selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling. In addition,
cluster analysis models were applied to identify psychological profiles of positive mental
health and characterize sociodemographic variables, the selected model was evaluated and validated
using the statistical technique of discriminant analysis using Minitab 18 software.

Results and Discussion:
a positive mental health differentiation in women is shown from
which four psychological profiles of positive mental health could be identified, with scores of
14.10 in profile 1, 11.41 in profile 2, 9.15 in profile 3, and 7.56 in profile 4. The positive mental
health factors used showed an ability to discriminate in 92.6% of the cases in the profiles.

Conclusion:
the identified profiles are significant and important to characterize psychometric
profiles of positive mental health of confined women, which are important results for their diagnosis
and the development of public policies for their treatment.
Secure Virtual Machine Live Migration using Advanced Metric
Encryption
Authors: Narayanan Gokul Geetha , Saravanaguru Ramaiah Kannan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Cloud is based on the underlying technology of virtualization. Here, the physical servers are divided into multiple virtual servers. Through the technology of virtualization, each virtual server contains virtual machines. Live virtual machine migration is expected to be with the aim of having migration time and inactive time with minimal duration. Various machine-learning approaches have been investigated and identified research gaps to enhance the security features during the migration process. Moreover, a secure virtual machine live migration is proposed using Advanced Metric Encryption (AME). Considering the duration of live migration in data centers as well as ensuring the security aspects, the proposed model has been tested and evaluated.
Potential of Anti-inflammatory Molecules in the Chemoprevention of
Breast Cancer
Authors: Gadi Vaishnavi , Shetty Saritha Rakesh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Breast cancer is a global issue, affecting greater than 1 million women per annum.
Over the past two decades, there have been numerous clinical trials involving the use of various
pharmacological substances as chemopreventive agents for breast cancer. Various pre-clinical as
well as clinical studies have established numerous anti-inflammatory molecules, including nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and dietary phytochemicals as promising agents for
chemoprevention of several cancers, including breast cancer. The overexpression of COX-2 has
been detected in approximately 40% of human breast cancer cases and pre-invasive ductal carcinoma
in-situ lesions, associated with aggressive elements of breast cancer such as large size of the
tumour, ER/PR negative and HER-2 overexpression, among others. Anti-inflammatory molecules
inhibit COX, thereby inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and inhibiting nuclear factor-κBmediated
signals (NF-kB). Another probable explanation entails inflammation-induced degranulation,
with the production of angiogenesis-regulating factors, such as vascular endothelial growth
factor, which can be possibly regulated by anti-inflammatory molecules. Apart from NSAIDS,
many dietary phytochemicals have the ability to decrease, delay, or stop the progression and/or
incidence of breast cancer by their antioxidant action, regulating inflammatory and proliferative
cell signalling pathways as well as inducing apoptosis. The rapid progress in chemoprevention
research has also established innovative strategies that can be implemented to prevent breast cancer.
This article gives a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in using antiinflammatory
molecules in the chemoprevention of breast cancer along with their mechanism of
action, supported by latest preclinical and clinical data. The merits of anti-inflammatory chemopreventive
agents in the prevention of cardiotoxicity have been described. We have also highlighted
the ongoing research and advancements in improving the efficacy of using antiinflammatory
molecules as chemopreventive agents.