bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact modification of hybrid polypropylene composites with poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers
Authors: Várdai R , Ferdinánd M , Lummerstorfer T , Pretschuh C , Jerabek M , Gahleitner M , Faludi G , Móczó J , Pukánszky B 
Published: December 2021

Polypropylene (PP) hybrid composites were prepared by the combination of three reinforcing (carbon, glass, and wood) and a synthetic (PVA) fiber. Tensile and impact testing, acoustic emission measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for the characterization of the composites as well as to follow deformation and failure processes. The results obtained prove that the novel concept of using synthetic fibers for impact modification can be applied successfully also with PVA fibers. The extent of improvement in impact strength depends on fiber type and content, but also on interfacial adhesion which strongly influences the local deformation processes occurring around the fibers during fracture. Both the reinforcing and the synthetic fibers take part in these processes and contribute to energy consumption. Debonding and the subsequent plastic deformation of the matrix consumes energy the most efficiently, but the fracture of the PVA fibers also requires energy; thus, PVA fibers improve impact resistance both at poor and good adhesion. This approach allows the design of materials for structural applications; the combination of a stiffness of 4–6 GPa and an impact resistance of 20–25 kJ/m2 exceeds the properties of most PP composites available on the market.
Determination of the interfacial properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymers using nanoindentation
Authors: Zhu Jing , Lang Feng C , Wang Shi Y , Li Zhuo , Xing Yong M 
Published: December 2021

The mechanical properties of the interphase play a key role in determining the overall performance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite materials. For this reason, it is important to develop a method to easily and precisely investigate the mechanical performance of the interphase of CFRP materials. In this work, the surface topography of the CFRP material was examined using scanning probe microscopy (SPM), which revealed the polished flat sample can meet the requirements of the nanoindentation testing. The local mechanical performance of the interphase of the CFRP was determined using nanoindentation based on the continuous stiffness measurement (CSM) method. The results show that the size of the interphase between the carbon fiber and the matrix is about 1.5 μm, and the corresponding modulus and hardness values were estimated to be 5–11 and 0.4–3.3 GPa, respectively, considering the fiber-bias effects. Mapping of the local mechanical properties of a selected area revealed that nanoindentation reproduced excellently the surface topography and characterized precisely the properties of the interphase between the carbon fibers and the matrix.
Light-weight carbon fiber/silver-coated hollow glass spheres/epoxy composites as highly effective electromagnetic interference shielding material
Authors: Chen Wei , Qin Yiliang , He Xingyang , Su Ying , Wang Jun 
Published: December 2021

Highly effective electromagnetic interference shielding materials with light-weight feature are urgently demanded for releasing electromagnetic pollution. In this study, the hollow glass spheres were coated with silver particles to produce electrically conductive microspheres. The Carbon fiber/silver-coated hollow glass spheres (Ag@HGMs)/epoxy composites were manufactured by composites liquid molding process. The electromagnetic interference shielding properties of the composites were investigated in the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz) range. The Ag@HGMs play a role in filling up the vacancy of the conductive network of carbon fibers in the composites, which not only form new conductive pathways but also act as bridges to connect CFs and provide additional channels for the electron transfer within the composites thus improving the electrical conductivity. The total shielding effectiveness (SET) increases with increasing Ag@HGMs loadings and the maximum SET is high as 88.1 dB. The increased SET dominated by absorption loss SEA is attributed to the high conductivity and multilayer construction of carbon fiber veil. The maximum specific SE of the carbon fiber/Ag@HGMs/epoxy composites can achieve 128.8 dB cm3/g, simultaneously the tensile strength and modulus can reach 95.6 MPa and 2.71 GPa, which provides a facile and promising strategy for designing and developing light-weight and high performance electromagnetic interference shielding materials.
Impact of injectable chitosan cryogel microspherescaffolds on differentiation and proliferation of adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells into fat cells
Authors: Çekiç Duran , Yılmaz Şakir Necat , Bölgen Nimet , Ünal Selma , Duce Meltem Nass , Bayrak Gülsen , Demir Didem , Türkegün Merve , Sarı Alper , Demir Yavuz , Ünal Şakir 
Published: December 2021

Difficulty in the clinical practice of stem cell therapy is often experienced in achieving desired target tissue cell differentiation and migration of stem cells to other tissue compartments where they are destroyed or die. This study was performed to evaluate if mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may differentiate into desired cell types when injected after combined with an injectable cryogel scaffold and to investigate if this scaffold may help in preventing cells from passing into different tissue compartments. MSCs were obtained from fat tissue of the rabbits as autografts and nuclei and cytoplasms of these cells were labeled with BrdU and PKH26. In Group 1, only-scaffold; in Group 2, only-MSCs; and in Group 3, combined stem cell/scaffold were injected to the right malar area of the rabbits. At postoperative 3 weeks, volumes of the injected areas were calculated by computer-tomography scans and histopathological evaluation was performed. The increase in the volume of the right malar areas was more in Group 3. In histopathological evaluation, chitosan cryogel microspheres were observed microscopically within the tissue and the scaffold was only partially degraded. Normal tissue form was seen in Group 2. Cells differentiated morphologically into fat cells were detected in Groups 2 and 3. Injectable chitosan cryogel microspheres were used in vivo for the first time in this study. As it was demonstrated to be useful in carrying MSCs to the reconstructed area, help cell differentiation to desired cells and prevent migration to other tissue compartments, it may be used for reconstructive purposes in the future.
Can Emerging Adults’ Dating Psychological Aggression be Explained by Family-of-Origin Psychological Aggression, Emotion Dysregulation, and Drinking?
Authors: Dhruve Deepali M. , Oliveros Arazais D. 
Published: December 2021

Intimate partner violence (IPV) impacts the lives of millions of individuals; nearly 1 in 4 women and 1 in 7 men report experiencing IPV during their lifetime. Previous studies frequently cite family-of-origin aggression as a risk factor for later experiences with IPV. Research with adults who engage in IPV finds an association with childhood exposure to family violence, but the strength of that association may vary. Psychological aggression often pre-dates more severe IPV and college students are a particular risk group for IPV. Additionally, previous literature has revealed gender differences in response to childhood experiences of family violence. As such, the current study sought to identify factors that explain and moderate risk for dating psychological aggression (DPA) in college adults, and sex differences in those associations. Participants (464 women, 142 men), who were in a current romantic relationship lasting at least 3 months, completed measures of past psychological aggression in the family-of-origin (PAF), current emotion dysregulation, risky drinking, and DPA perpetrated in current dating relationships. Emotion dysregulation mediated the relationship between PAF and current DPA; however, differences among specific types of PAF and sex were noted. Results support an intergenerational transmission of PAF and suggest that parent–child sex dyads influence this process. The findings also provide evidence that higher levels of drinking are associated with increased emotion dysregulation. These results contrast with the alcohol expectancy for stress relief and support public messaging that alcohol use does not relieve stress. Clinical and research implications for prevention of the intergenerational transmission of aggression are discussed.
Hydroxychloroquine blood levels predicts flare in childhood-onset lupus nephritis
Authors: Andrade Balbi Verena , Artur Silva Clovis , Nascimento Pedrosa Tatiana , Maria Rodrigues Pereira Rosa , Maria de Arruda Campos Lucia , Pires Leon Elaine , Duarte Nilo , Melechco Carvalho Valdemir , Gofinet Pasoto Sandra , Cordeiro do Rosário Debora , Kolachinski Brandao Leticia , I Brunner Hermine , Bonfá Eloisa , Emi Aikawa Nadia 
Published: December 2021

Objective Low hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) blood levels are predictors of flare in adult lupus. Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) has high morbidity with renal involvement in up to 80% of cases. The aim of this study is to determine the HCQ cut-off levels which predicts flare in childhood-onset lupus nephritis (LN). Methods Sixty LN patients on HCQ use for at least 6-months were prospectively evaluated at baseline (BL) and about 6-months later for cSLE flare and HCQ blood levels (ng/mL) measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results There were 19 patients (32%) with flare, during the study with median SLEDAI increase of 4 (0–8). Median (IQR) BL HCQ levels of the flare group were lower compared to stable patients [557.5 (68.6–980.3) vs. 1061.9 (534.8–1590.0 ng/mL); p=0.012]. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that HCQ levels≤1075 ng/mL were associated with a 5.08 (95%CI 1.28-20.13; p=0.021) times increased risk of flare. Six-month HCQ levels revealed that most patients 24/54 (44%) had persistently low levels (≤1075) during follow-up. Among those, 11/24 (46%) had flare. Multiple logistic regression analysis including prednisone use, baseline SLEDAI-2K, adherence based on pharmacy refill and BL HCQ blood levels as possible predictors of flare revealed that only HCQ blood level was independently associated with flare (OR 0.999, 95%CI 0.998-1.0, p=0.013). Conclusions We demonstrated that HCQ blood cut-off level under 1075 ng/mL predicts flare in childhood-onset LN patients under prescribed HCQ dose of 4.0–5.5 mg/kg/day. We further observed that most of these patients have compliance issues reinforcing the need for a close surveillance particularly in those with levels below the defined cut-off.
Cleft Size and Success of Secondary Alveolar Bone Grafting—A Systematic Review
Authors: Chetpakdeechit Woranuch , Pisek Poonsak , Pitiphat Waranuch , Rattanakanokchai Siwanon 
Published: December 2021

Objective This study aimed to review all research evidence of presurgical cleft size and related factors to success of secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG). Design and Setting The systematic review searched the OVID-Medline®, PubMed®, Embase®, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) up to August 2020. Two reviewers independently selected potential abstracts for full review. Disagreeements were resolved by consensus. The first author extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using Risk of Bias in Non-randomized studies—of Interventions tool. Patients and Interventions Patients with non-syndromic clefts who received SABG were selected. Presurgical cleft size/volume and treatment results must be available. Main Outcome Measures Level of the grafted bone, achievement of orthodontic tooth movement into the grafted area, need for re-operation. Results From 962 abstracts, 23 publications were included. Mean cleft width was 6.80 ± 1.98 mm, cleft area 20–240 mm2, and mean volume 0.89 ± 0.33 cm3. No definite conclusion was achieved on whether a narrow or wide cleft showed better treatment outcomes, but other potentially related factors were good oral hygiene and eruptive force of the maxillary canines. Lack of a standard definition of cleft size, a small sample size, varying outcome parameters, and moderate-to-high risk of bias contributed to the summary. A meta-analysis could not be performed because of the heterogeneity. Conclusion Due to insufficient evidence, cleft width/volume could not be specified leading to more successful SABG. Care of patients could be improved in both research by following rigorous methodology, and practice by clear communication.
Repair of Protruding Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate With Staged Premaxilla Setback Osteotomy, Cheiloplasty, and Palatoplasty in Trisomy 17p Patient: A Review of Syndromic Clinical Characteristic
Authors: Bangun Kristaninta , Halim Jessica , Tania Vika 
Published: December 2021

Chromosome 17 duplication is correlated with an increased risk of developmental delay, birth defects, and intellectual disability. Here, we reported a female patient with trisomy 17 on the whole short arm with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate (BCLP). This study will review the surgical strategies to reconstruct the protruding premaxillary segment, cleft lip, and palate in trisomy 17p patient. The patient had heterozygous pathogenic duplication of chromosomal region chr17:526-18777088 on almost the entire short arm of chromosome 17. Beside the commonly found features of trisomy 17p, the patient also presented with BCLP with a prominent premaxillary portion. Premaxillary setback surgery was first performed concomitantly with cheiloplasty. The ostectomy was performed posterior to the vomero-premaxillary suture (VPS). The premaxilla was firmly adhered to the lateral segment and the viability of philtral flap was not compromised. Two-flap palatoplasty with modified intravelar veloplasty (IVV) was performed 4 months after. Successful positioning of the premaxilla segment, satisfactory lip aesthetics, and vital palatal flap was obtained from premaxillary setback, primary cheiloplasty, and subsequent palatoplasty in our trisomy 17p patient presenting with BLCP. Postoperative premaxillary stability and patency of the philtral and palatal flap were achieved. Longer follow-up is needed to evaluate the long-term effects of our surgical techniques on inhibition of midfacial growth. However, the benefits that the patient received from the surgery in improving feeding capacity and facial appearance early in life outweigh the cost of possible maxillary retrusion.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Primary Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate Repair
Authors: Mullen Mary Carter , Yan Flora , Ford Marvella E. , Patel Krishna G. , Pecha Phayvanh P. 
Published: December 2021

Objective To examine the impact of race/ethnicity on timing and postoperative outcomes of primary cleft lip (CL) and cleft palate (CP) repair. Design Cross-sectional analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric (NSQIP-P) database from 2013 to 2018. Patients and main outcome measures Patients under 2 years of age who underwent primary CL or CP repair were identified in the NSQIP-P. Outcomes were the timing of surgery and 30-day readmission and reoperation rates stratified by race and ethnicity. Results In total, 6021 children underwent CL and 6938 underwent CP repair. Adjusted rates of CL repair over time were 10% lower in Hispanic children (95%CI: 0.84–0.96) and 38% lower for Asian children (95%CI: 0.55–0.70) compared with White infants. CP repair rates over time were 13% lower in Black (95%CI: 0.79–0.95), 17% lower in Hispanic (95%CI: 0.77–0.89), and 53% lower in Asian children (95%CI: 0.43–0.53) than in White infants. Asian patients had the highest rates of delayed surgical repair, with 19.3% not meeting American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA) guidelines for CL ( P < .001) and 28.2% for CP repair ( P< .001). Black and Hispanic children had 80% higher odds of readmission following primary CL repair (95%CI: 1.16–2.83 and 95%CI: 1.27–2.61, respectively). Conclusions This study of a national database identified several racial/ethnic disparities in primary CL and CP, with reduced receipt of cleft repair over time for non-White children. Asian patients were significantly more likely to have delayed cleft repair per ACPA guidelines. These findings underscore the need to better understand disparities in cleft repair timing and postoperative outcomes.
Axillary vein catheterization using ultrasound guidance: A prospective randomized cross-over controlled simulation comparing standard ultrasound and new needle-pilot device
Authors: Boulet Nicolas , Bobbia Xavier , Gavoille Antoine , Louart Benjamin , Lefrant Jean Yves , Roger Claire , Muller Laurent 
Published: December 2021

Background: Real-time ultrasound (US) guidance facilitates central venous catheterization in intensive care unit (ICU). New magnetic needle-pilot devices could improve efficiency and safety of central venous catheterization. This simulation trial was aimed at comparing venipuncture with a new needle-pilot device to conventional US technique. Methods: In a prospective, randomized, simulation trial, 51 ICU physicians and residents cannulated the right axillary vein of a human torso mannequin with standard US guidance and with a needle-pilot system, in a randomized order. The primary outcome was the time from skin puncture to successful venous cannulation. The secondary outcomes were the number of skin punctures, the number of posterior wall puncture of the axillary vein, the number of arterial punctures, the number of needle redirections, the failure rate, and the operator comfort. Results: Time to successful cannulation was shorter with needle-pilot US-guided technique (22 s (interquartile range (IQR) = 16–42) vs 25 s (IQR = 19–128); median of difference (MOD) = −9 s (95%-confidence interval (CI) −5, −22), p < 0.001). The rates of skin punctures, posterior wall puncture of axillary vein, and needle redirections were also lower ( p < 0.01). Comfort was higher in needle-pilot US-guided group on a 11-points numeric scale (8 (IQR = 8–9) vs 6 (IQR = 6–8), p < 0.001). Conclusions: In a simulation model, US-guided axillary vein catheterization with a needle-pilot device was associated with a shorter time of successful cannulation and a decrease in numbers of skin punctures and complications. The results plea for investigating clinical performance of this new device.
Cognitive dysfunction and mortality in multiple sclerosis: Long-term retrospective review
Authors: Cavaco Sara , Ferreira Inês , Moreira Inês , Santos Ernestina , Samões Raquel , Sousa Ana Paula , Pinheiro Joaquim , Teixeira-Pinto Armando , Martins da Silva Ana 
Published: December 2021

Background: Cognitive dysfunction as a predictor of clinical progression and mortality in multiple sclerosis (MS) is still a matter of debate. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the long-term outcome associated with neuropsychological performance in a cohort of patients with MS. Methods: A series of 408 MS patients had previously undergone a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and a contemporaneous neurological evaluation (T1). A retrospective review of the clinical records was conducted 102–192 months after T1. Demographic and clinical data regarding the last clinical appointment with EDSS measurement (T2) were collected and the date of the last clinical contact or death (TS) was recorded. Results: This review revealed that cognitive dysfunction (T1) was associated with higher odds of transitioning from relapsing–remitting course to a progressive disease course (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.29, p = 0.043) and higher hazard of death in the total sample (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 3.07, p = 0.006) and the progressive disease course subgroup (adjusted HR = 3.68, p = 0.007), even when adjusting for other covariates. Discussion: The study results demonstrate that cognitive dysfunction in MS is predictive of poorer prognosis and mortality.
Effects of telehealth-assisted interventions among people living with HIV/AIDS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies
Authors: Saragih Ita Daryanti , Tonapa Santo Imanuel , Osingada Charles Peter , Porta Carolyn M , Lee Bih-O 
Published: December 2021

Introduction Taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a daily necessity for people living with HIV but these individuals experience multiple barriers and challenges to medication adherence. Interventions to support medication adherence have yielded effects in the expected direction, but the extent to which telehealth or virtually delivered interventions to promote adherence are effective among people living with HIV/AIDS remains unknown. We aimed to address this knowledge gap and inform future research and practice that promotes the well-being of people living with HIV/AIDs through telehealth interventions addressing medication use. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted using the following databases: Academic Search Complete, Cochrane library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, OVID (UpToDate), and the Web of Science. Relevant full-text articles published through September 2021 were retrieved. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled effects of telehealth-assisted interventions for people living with HIV/AIDS. Stata 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 12 studies (N = 3557 participants) that used telehealth-assisted interventions for people living with HIV/AIDS were included. Telehealth interventions were found to increase the adherence to treatment (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.21; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.03 to 0.40), to reduce depressive symptoms (SMD: −2,74; 95% CI: −3.39 to −2.09), and to improve perceived quality of life (SMD: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.37 to 1.10). Discussion The meta-effects of telehealth-assisted interventions include significantly enhanced adherence to treatment, improved quality of life, and reduced depressive symptoms among people living with HIV/AIDS. These findings suggesting that delivering health management interventions remotely through telehealth-assisted modalities was both feasible and effective in yielding health benefits for people living with HIV/AIDS. Integrating telehealth-assisted interventions as a modality in HIV/AIDS care might support continuity of care and sustained well-being. Future research should evaluate telehealth intervention outcomes and examine mediating, moderating, or other tailorable variables affecting intervention effectiveness.