bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
They raised me to resist: Examining the sociopolitical pathways between parental racial socialization and Black youth's racial justice action
Authors: Anyiwo Nkemka , Anderson Riana E. , Marchand Aixa D. , Diemer Matthew A. , Garrett Janay M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn a sample of 500 self‐identified Black adolescents from across the United States, this study investigated the pathways between youth's experiences of parental racial socialization (RS) and their sociopolitical development. Findings from structural equation modelling reveal that RS messages and actions were positively associated with youth's awareness of racial inequality (critical reflection) and confidence and motivation in addressing racism (critical agency). Further, there were direct and indirect associations between RS and multiple forms of racial justice actions (interpersonal, political/communal, and online). Racial barriers messages were directly positively associated with political/communal and indirectly positively associated with interpersonal and online action, while cultural socialization actions were directly positively associated with all three forms of action. These findings support theoretical contentions that RS messages and actions may be powerful tools for cultivating Black youth's understanding and capacity to transform racially unjust systems. Further, parents' behaviours to racially socialize their children may be more impactful than their verbal messages in cultivating multiple forms of racial justice action. Finally, recommendations for future research and practice related to Black youth's consciousness and activism are presented. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Schinus Essential Oils: Chemical Composition by GC×GC‐TOFMS and Phytotoxic Effects on Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Pawlowski Ângela , Ricachenevsky Felipe Klein , Machado Maria Elisabete , da Silva Eliane Regina , Zini Cláudia Alcaraz , Soares Geraldo Luiz Gonçalves 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSchinus essential oils were tentatively identified by GC×GC/TOFMS, which revealed a greater number of compounds than previously reported. Eighty‐six, seventy‐two, and eighty‐eight components were identified in Schinus lentiscifolius, Schinus molle and Schinus terebinthifolius essential oils, respectively. Compound separation due to 2D selectivity was observed. Phytotoxic effects of Schinus essential oils were assessed on germination and initial growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. All essential oils in all tested quantities (5 μL, 10 μL, 15 μL, 20 μL, and 25 μL) affected germination rate, speed of accumulated germination, and root and shoot length of A. thaliana. Considering the mode of action of the essential oils, no differences were observed on expression of the genes ANP1 and CDK B1;1 in A. thaliana, which was analyzed by RT‐qPCR. Results suggest that phytotoxic effects of Schinus essential oils seem to be explained by cellular damage rather than by induction of stress‐inducible genes.
Standardized career course curriculum: Effects on negative career thoughts
Authors: Dozier V. Casey , Morgan Michael , Burbrink Ivey , Peace Carley 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCollege students today face numerous pressures, which complicate a student's career decision‐making process and make it imperative that career development practitioners utilize interventions that are empirically proven to enhance outcomes related to career development. This study examines a theoretically based career course and assesses negative career thoughts and metacognitive knowledge of students at the beginning and end of the course. Rooted in cognitive therapy theoretical concepts, cognitive information processing theory highlights how negative thoughts can have a detrimental impact on one's behavior and emotions. The best‐fitting mixed linear model with random intercepts for 78 students with complete data observed significant improvements in negative career thoughts without being differentially impacted by instructor effects. Additionally, students with lower estimations of their career‐related knowledge at the pre‐test had smaller changes in negative career thoughts at post‐test. These results are unique because despite various instructors teaching, the reduction in negative metacognitions remained stable across all sections.
Machine learning in the diagnosis of asthma phenotypes during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Gawlewicz‐Mroczka Agnieszka , Pytlewski Adam , Celejewska‐Wójcik Natalia , Ćmiel Adam , Gielicz Anna , Sanak Marek , Mastalerz Lucyna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, it has become a pressing need to be able to diagnose aspirin hypersensitivity in patients with asthma without the need to use oral aspirin challenge (OAC) testing. OAC is time consuming and is associated with the risk of severe hypersensitive reactions. In this study, we sought to investigate whether machine learning (ML) based on some clinical and laboratory procedures performed during the pandemic might be used for discriminating between patients with aspirin hypersensitivity and those with aspirin‐tolerant asthma.MethodsWe used a prospective database of 135 patients with non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID)–exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) and 81 NSAID‐tolerant (NTA) patients with asthma who underwent OAC. Clinical characteristics, inflammatory phenotypes based on sputum cells, as well as eicosanoid levels in induced sputum supernatant and urine were extracted for the purpose of applying ML techniques.ResultsThe overall best ML model, neural network (NN), trained on a set of best features, achieved a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 76% for diagnosing NERD. The 3 promising models (i.e., multiple logistic regression, support vector machine, and NN) trained on a set of easy‐to‐obtain features including only clinical characteristics and laboratory data achieved a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 67%.ConclusionsML techniques are becoming a promising tool for discriminating between patients with NERD and NTA. The models are easy to use, safe, and achieve very good results, which is particularly important during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Synthesis of a Bifunctional Cross‐Bridged Chelating Agent, Peptide Conjugation, and Comparison of 68Ga Labeling and Complex Stability Characteristics with Established Chelators
Authors: Damerow Helen , Wängler Björn , Schirrmacher Ralf , Fricker Gert , Wängler Carmen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract[68Ga]Ga3+ can be introduced into receptor‐specific peptidic carriers via different chelators to obtain radiotracers for Positron Emission Tomography imaging and the chosen chelating agent considerably influences the in vivo pharmacokinetics of the corresponding radiopeptides. A chelator that should be a valuable alternative to established chelating agents for 68Ga‐radiolabeling of peptides would be a backbone‐functionalized variant of the chelator CB‐DO2A. Here, the bifunctional cross‐bridged chelating agent CB‐DO2A‐GA was developed and compared to the established chelators DOTA, NODA‐GA and DOTA‐GA. For this purpose, CB‐DO2A‐GA(tBu)2 was introduced into the peptide Tyr3‐octreotate (TATE) and in direct comparison to the corresponding DOTA‐, NODA‐GA‐, and DOTA‐GA‐modified TATE analogs, CB‐DO2A‐GA‐TATE required harsher reaction conditions for 68Ga‐incorporation. Regarding the hydrophilicity profile of the resulting radiopeptides, a decrease in hydrophilicity from [68Ga]Ga‐DOTA‐GA‐TATE (logD(7.4) of −4.11±0.11) to [68Ga]Ga‐CB‐DO2A‐GA‐TATE (−3.02±0.08) was observed. Assessing the stability against metabolic degradation and complex challenge, [68Ga]Ga‐CB‐DO2A‐GA demonstrated a very high kinetic inertness, exceeding that of [68Ga]Ga‐DOTA‐GA. Therefore, CB‐DO2A‐GA is a valuable alternative to established chelating agents for 68Ga‐radiolabeling of peptides, especially when the formation of a very stable, positively charged 68Ga‐complex is pursued.
A three‐level isolated dc‐dc SEPIC converter with parallel‐connected output
Authors: Ewerling Marcos V. M. , Lazzarin Telles B. , Font Carlos H. Illa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive theoretical analysis and experimental results for three‐level isolated dc‐dc converter based on the single‐ended primary‐inductance converter (SEPIC) topology. The main advantage of this structure is the reduction of voltage stress on semiconductors comparing it to the conventional SEPIC converter. Voltage stress is the major challenge associated with the conventional SEPIC structure, and contributions in this area can extend the range of applications for the family of SEPIC converters. The analyzed structure contains two switches, and their commands can be either equal or phase‐shifted by 180°. This provides four different modes of operation in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), which have different operating stages, waveforms, and design equations. In this paper, the topology with parallel‐connected output and the static and dynamic theoretical analysis in DCM, for the four command signal profiles, are presented. The advantages and disadvantages, control strategy, experimental results, and a comparative analysis with the conventional SEPIC converter are discussed. The dc‐dc SEPIC converter was verified by experimental results from a proof‐of‐concept prototype with 500 W rated power, 400 V input voltage, 120 V output voltage, and 50 kHz switching frequency. The converter achieved 94.72% efficiency at rated power.
Optimization, validation and application of a high‐throughput 96‐well elution protocol for the quantification of psychoactive substances in influent wastewater
Authors: Boogaerts Tim , Quireyns Maarten , Maes Florence , Laimou‐Geraniou Maria , Van Wichelen Natan , Heath Ester , Pussig Bram , Aertgeerts Bert , Covaci Adrian , van Nuijs Alexander L. N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWastewater‐based epidemiology (WBE) is based on the analysis of human metabolic excretion products (biomarkers) of xenobiotics in wastewater, to gain information about various lifestyles and health aspects of a population in an evidence‐based manner. Due to the complex wastewater matrix and trace level occurrence of human biomarkers in the sewage network, it is crucial to have sensitive analytical procedures available. Additionally, to improve the value of WBE as a complementary epidemiological source, there is increasing pressure on the analysis of more compounds, more locations and more samples. A high‐throughput method based on 96‐well Oasis MCX solid‐phase extraction (SPE), requiring less influent wastewater (2 mL), was developed in accordance with the European Medicines Agency guidelines. Validation was successful for 28 parent drugs and metabolites of antidepressants, opioids and drugs of abuse. The selection of biomarkers and quantification limit was chosen to be relevant for WBE and was predominantly 10 ng/L or below. The final method was successfully applied to 24‐h composite samples of October 2019 (n = 27), obtained from an urban wastewater treatment plant in Leuven (Belgium).
SGLT2 inhibitor therapy for transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: early tolerance and clinical response to dapagliflozin
Authors: Dobner Stephan , Bernhard Benedikt , Asatryan Babken , Windecker Stephan , Stortecky Stefan , Pilgrim Thomas , Gräni Christoph , Hunziker Lukas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsSodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve clinical outcomes in heart failure patients with reduced and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), but have not yet been investigated in transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR‐CM). This study aimed to evaluate tolerability, clinical outcomes, and changes in NT‐proBNP levels and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in ATTR‐CM patients treated with dapagliflozin.Methods and resultsPatients with stable, tafamidis‐treated ATTR‐CM were retrospectively evaluated at the initiation of dapagliflozin and 3 months thereafter. Tafamidis‐treated ATTR‐CM patients without SGLT2i served as a reference cohort. Overall, SLGT2i therapy was initiated in 34 patients. Seventeen patients with stable disease on tafamidis, who were subsequently started on dapagliflozin, were included in the analysis. Patients selected for SGLT2i presented with signs of advanced disease, evidenced by higher Gillmore disease stage (stage ≥2: 53% vs. 27.5%; P = 0.041), baseline median NT‐proBNP [median (IQR) 2668 pg/mL (1314–3451) vs. 1424 (810–2059); P = 0.038] and loop diuretic demand (76.5% vs. 45% of patients; P = 0.044), and lower LVEF (46.6 ± 12.9 vs. 53.7 ± 8.7%; P = 0.019) and GFR (51.8 ± 16.5 vs. 68.5 ± 18.6 mL/min; P = 0.037) compared with the reference cohort. At 3‐month follow‐up, a numerical decrease in NT‐proBNP levels was observed in 13/17 (76.5%) patients in the dapagliflozin (−190 pg/mL, IQR: −1,028–71, P = 0.557) and 27/40 (67.5%) of patients in the control cohort (−115 pg/mL, IQR: −357–105, P = 0.551). Other disease parameters remained stable and no adverse events occurred.ConclusionsIn tafamidis‐treated ATTR‐CM patients, initiation of dapagliflozin was well tolerated. The efficacy of SGLT2i therapy in patients with ATTR‐CM needs to be studied in randomized controlled trials.
Effect of triangular porous layer on the transfer of heat and species in a channel‐open cavity
Authors: Al‐Hassan Ali Q. Abd , Ismael Muneer A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses the heat and species transfer in a composite cavity linked with a horizontal channel. The cavity comprises a triangular porous layer and one of its vertical sides is exposed to a high temperature and concentration. The mathematical conservation equations are solved numerically using the Galerkin finite element method. The ranges of Reynolds and Richardson numbers are taken to ascertain laminar flow, Re = 50–250 and Ri = 0.1–100. The size of the porous layer is quantified by the thickness of the porous layer Hp = 0.25–1. The problem is studied for two cases of heat and species sources; the opposing case, when the active side is on the right, and assisting case, when the active side is on the left. Results reveal that for specified conditions, the triangular porous layer increases Nusselt and Sherwood numbers by 30% and 32%, respectively, more than the horizontal porous layer. The opposing case gives maximum convective heat transfer, where for Ri = 0.01, the Nusselt number is higher by 61% and 134% for Re = 50 and 250, respectively, while for Ri = 100, the percentages increase are 67% and 43%.
Is participation in antenatal classes associated with fathers' mental health? A quasi‐experimental and prospective study
Authors: Kakaşçı Çiğdem Gün , Potur Dilek Coşkuner , Abbasoğlu Döne Ertuğrul , Karabulut Özlem , Merih Yeliz Doğan , Demirci Nurdan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground: In comparison to those conducted with women, studies about the transition of men to parenthood are limited in numbers, especially in developing countries. Moreover, in Turkey, along with gender roles and sociocultural changes, the roles of fathers are also changing. This change highlights the need to understand early parenthood for fathers.Methods: A quasi‐experimental, non‐randomized prospective study with a pre‐ and post‐training model was conducted in a hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. Men in the antenatal education group (EG = 55) and their pregnant wives participated in 6 weeks of training during pregnancy (24th–28th weeks gestation). Men in the care‐as‐usual group (CG = 55) attended routine check‐ups and follow‐ups with their wives. GHQ‐28 (General Health Questionnaire‐28) was administered three times in total at study enrolment, immediately following the 6‐week intervention period, and at the 6th postpartum week.Results: There was no significant difference between the groups’ GHQ‐28 scores before and after the training. In the 6th week of postpartum follow‐up, the GHQ‐28 scores were significantly higher for the fathers who participated in the educational intervention.Conclusions: Antenatal education classes were found to be associated with the mental health of fathers. Further research evaluating family‐centered parenting support programs is warranted to better understand how to support fathers in the transition to parenthood, particularly in countries in which fathers’ roles in pregnancy and early parenthood are changing.
Synthesis, structural, and stereogenic characterizations of new trispirocyclotriphosphazenes
Authors: Tümer Yasemin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, trispirophosphazenes containing biphenyl‐2,2′‐dioxy and ferrocenyldiamino groups were synthesized to investigate their stereogenic and structural properties. For this purpose, monospiro (1) and trans/cis‐dispiro (2and3) cyclotriphosphazenes were obtained from the reactions of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazatriene (N3P3Cl6; trimer;HCCP) withN‐ethyl‐N′‐ferrocenylmethyl‐ethylenediamine. Subsequently, bis(biphenyl‐2,2′‐dioxy)‐substituted ferrocenylphosphazene (4) was prepared from the reaction of an equimolar amount of monoferroceylphosphazene (1) with two equimolar amounts of dipotassium biphenyl‐2,2′‐dioxide. Reactions of equimolar amounts of2and3with equimolar amounts of dipotassium biphenyl‐2,2′‐dioxide yielded trans‐(5) and cis‐(6) trispirophosphazenes, respectively. Characterizations of all trispiro compounds were made using1H,13C, and31P NMR spectra. In addition, trispirophosphazenes5and6have two equivalent stereogenic P‐centers.Trans‐5andcis‐6are expected to exist in racemate and meso forms. The molecular and crystal structures of the two phosphazenes (4and5) were clarified by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. Also, since the absolute configuration of one enantiomer of5is found to be RR, the other must be SS.
Chlorella vulgaris growth, pigment and lipid accumulation: effect of progressive light and hydrogen peroxide exposure
Authors: Cunha André EP , Sátiro Josivaldo R , Escobar Bruno P , Simões Rogério MS 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDChlorella vulgaris is being explored for several applications such as biodiesel production, nutrient supplementation, animal feed and pharmaceutical products. In this study, the performance of a batch culture under progressive light intensity and the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration on lipid accumulation were investigated.RESULTSUnder progressive light intensity (60 to 300 μmol m−2 s−1), a 43% biomass increase was achieved in comparison with the control light conditions (60 μmol m−2 s−1), whereas a 300 μmol m−2 s−1 light intensity caused growth inhibition to the culture. In addition, an increase in carotenoid content from 0.102 mg g−1 biomass (control) to 0.460 mg g−1 (progressive light) and lipid accumulation from 31.0 mg g−1 (control) to 36.5 mg g−1 (progressive light) was observed. However, the moderate illumination conditions (60 μmol m−2 s−1) induced a very significant increase of chlorophyll b, regarding the progressive light mode, increasing the photosynthetic efficiency. After the growth phase, the biomass was subjected to stress conditions by adding H2O2 to the culture medium at different concentrations: 0.75 mmol L−1 increased the lipid content of the biomass from 3.6% to 10.3% in a 3‐day test, reaching lipid productivity of 70.4 mg L−1 day−1, an increase of ≈40% compared to the phosphate starvatiod for the same culture time.CONCLUSIONThe progressive light system allowed an increase in biomass and lipid accumulation. Together with the exposure to H2O2, this work provides a new approach for lipid and pigment production from microalgae. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Ultrastructure of the palatine tonsils of the donkey (Equus asinus): New insights by light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Ez Elarab Samar M. , El‐Gendy Samir A. A. , El‐Bakary Neveen E. R. , Alsafy Mohamed A. M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to explore the ultrastructure of the donkeys' palatine tonsils. Palatine tonsils of five male donkeys (5 years old) were investigated macroscopically and microscopically. The tonsils appeared as a dome shape with slight elevation and a circular opening on the surface of the oropharynx. The central tonsillar crypt appeared on the medial side of the palate‐pharyngeal folds and the floor of the oropharynx. The external surface of the palatine tonsil had different sizes of mucosal folds, some grooves directed to drainage at the tonsillar opening, and the tonsil crypt opening was a crescentic or irregular oval shape. The outer surface was covered by stratified squamous epithelium and modified to be reticular epithelium invaded by lymphocytes in the crypt called lympho‐epithelium. The tonsil crypt had aggregated lymphoid nodules, and the cryptal epithelium has surrounded by diffused lymphocytes and hassles corpuscles‐like structures. The lymphocytes infiltrated into different layers of the cryptal epithelium and transformed into reticular or lympho‐epithelium. The organized lymphoid nodules were primary and secondary, and the secondary ones had a light germinal center. The interfollicular area had many high endothelial venules and blood capillaries. The endothelial venules were lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and had lymphocytes. The blood capillaries had red blood cells and neutrophils. The tonsil was surrounded incompletely by a connective tissue capsule with mucous glands under that capsule. In conclusion, the epithelial lymphocyte infiltration, crypt epithelium, lymphoid nodules, and intra‐follicular area of the donkey's palatine tonsils indicate the humoral and cell‐mediated immunological process.
Paperfetcher: A tool to automate handsearching and citation searching for systematic reviews
Authors: Pallath Akash , Zhang Qiyang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSystematic reviews are vital instruments for researchers to understand broad trends in a field and synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of interventions in addressing specific issues. The quality of a systematic review depends critically on having comprehensively surveyed all relevant literature on the review topic. In addition to database searching, handsearching is an important supplementary technique that helps increase the likelihood of identifying all relevant studies in a literature search. Traditional handsearching requires reviewers to manually browse through a curated list of field‐specific journals and conference proceedings to find articles relevant to the review topic. This manual process is not only time‐consuming, laborious, costly, and error‐prone due to human fatigue, but it also lacks replicability due to its cumbersome manual nature. To address these issues, this paper presents a free and open‐source Python package and an accompanying web‐app, Paperfetcher, to automate the retrieval of article metadata for handsearching. With Paperfetcher's assistance, researchers can retrieve article metadata from designated journals within a specified time frame in just a few clicks. In addition to handsearching, it also incorporates a beta version of citation searching in both forward and backward directions. Paperfetcher has an easy‐to‐use interface, which allows researchers to download the metadata of retrieved studies as a list of DOIs or as an RIS file to facilitate seamless import into systematic review screening software. To the best of our knowledge, Paperfetcher is the first tool to automate handsearching with high usability and a multi‐disciplinary focus.