bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infusion of Human Albumin on Acute Pancreatitis Therapy: New Tricks for Old Dog?
Authors: Ma Yifei , Yan Tianao , Xu Fengshuo , Ding Jiachun , Yang Bao , Ma Qingyong , Wu Zheng , Lyu Jun , Wang Zheng 
Published: June 2022

Objective: Human serum albumin (HSA) infusion is a common administration on acute pancreatitis therapy in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), but its actual association with patients’ outcomes has not been confirmed. The study is aimed to determine whether the in-hospital prognosis of ICU patients with acute pancreatitis could benefit from HSA.Methods: 950 acute pancreatitis patients diagnosed in 2008–2019 were extracted from the MIMIC-IV database as our primary study cohort. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. We also performed an external validation with a cohort of 104 acute pancreatitis patients after PSM matching from the eICU database.Results: In MIMIC-IV, 228 acute pancreatitis patients received HSA infusion (Alb group) during their hospitalization, while 722 patients did not (non-Alb group). Patients in the Alb group presented a poorer survival curve than the non-Alb group, while this difference disappeared after PSM or IPTW matching (log-rank test: PSM: p = 0.660, IPTW: p = 0.760). After including covariates, no association was found between HSA infusion and patients’ in-hospital mortality before and after matching (original cohort: HR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.66–1.52, p = 0.998). HSA infusion also did not benefit patients’ 28-days or ICU mortality, while it was significantly associated with a longer duration of hospital and ICU. In addition, the initial serum albumin levels, infections, the total amount, or the initial timing of infusion did not affect the conclusion. Similarly, in the eICU cohort, HSA infusion was still not a beneficial prognostic factor for patients’ in-hospital prognosis (p = 0.087).Conclusion: Intravenous human serum albumin infusion could not benefit acute pancreatitis patients’ in-hospital prognosis and was associated with prolonged hospital and ICU duration.
Myrtenol Reduces Orofacial Nociception and Inflammation in Mice Through p38-MAPK and Cytokine Inhibition
Authors: Oliveira Janaíne P. , Abreu Fabíula F. , Bispo José Marcos M. , Cerqueira Anderson R. A. , Santos José Ronaldo dos , Correa Cristiane B. , Costa Soraia K. P. , Camargo Enilton A. 
Published: June 2022

Orofacial pain is one of the commonest and most complex complaints in dentistry, greatly impairing life quality. Preclinical studies using monoterpenes have shown pharmacological potential to treat painful conditions, but the reports of the effects of myrtenol on orofacial pain and inflammation are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of myrtenol in experimental models of orofacial pain and inflammation. Orofacial nociceptive behavior and the immunoreactivity of the phosphorylated p38 (P-p38)-MAPK in trigeminal ganglia (TG) and spinal trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (STSC) were determined after the injection of formalin in the upper lip of male Swiss mice pretreated with myrtenol (12.5 and 25 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle. Orofacial inflammation was induced by the injection of carrageenan (CGN) in the masseter muscle of mice pretreated with myrtenol (25 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) or its vehicle (0.02% Tween 80 in saline). Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and histopathological changes in the masseter muscle and interleukin (IL)-1β levels in the TG and STSC were measured. The increase in face-rubbing behavior time induced by formalin and P-p38-MAPK immunostaining in trigeminal ganglia were significantly reduced by myrtenol treatment (12.5 and 25 mg/kg). Likewise, increased MPO activity and inflammatory histological scores in masseter muscle, as well as augmented levels of IL-1β in the TG AND STSC, observed after CGN injection, were significantly decreased by myrtenol (25 and 50 mg/kg). Myrtenol has potential to treat orofacial inflammation and pain, which is partially related to IL-1β levels in the trigeminal pathway and p38-MAPK modulation in trigeminal ganglia.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Parameters Correlated to the Growth of Macular Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Arrigo Alessandro , Amato Alessia , Mularoni Cecilia , Saladino Andrea , Aragona Emanuela , Pina Adelaide , Calcagno Francesca , Bandello Francesco , Battaglia Parodi Maurizio 
Published: June 2022

Background: To investigate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) quantitative parameters associated with macular neovascularization (MNV) size modifications in age-related macular degeneration.Methods: Study design was prospective, with 1-year of follow-up. All the included MNV eyes were treated by anti-VEGF intravitreal injections. Quantitative OCTA parameters, including MNV vessel tortuosity (VT) and MNV reflectivity, were calculated. Post-hoc analyses assessed the correlation between quantitative OCTA metrics and MNV size modifications.Results: A total of 28 MNV eyes of 28 patients were included. Baseline LogMAR BCVA was 0.36 ± 0.21 LogMAR, improved to 0.28 ± 0.22 Log-MAR after 1-year (p &lt; 0.01), with a mean number of 8 ± 3 anti-VEGF injections. Eyes characterized by high MNV VT values group showed worse outcome and higher increases of MNV size. A mean MNV reflectivity value of 101 was associated with a high probability of changes in MNV size. MNV growth was also influenced by the type of MNV, with type 2 and mixed type lesions showing increases in MNV size, unlike type 1 MNV. These factors showed a cumulative effect in determining MNV size modifications. In most of the cases, we observed MNV size increases. Conversely, MNV lesions characterized by low MNV VT values may experience size reductions over the follow-up (34% of cases). The number of intravitreal injections had no significant influence on MNV size changes.Conclusions: Quantitative OCTA allowed to discriminate highly perfused MNV lesions, providing a basis to predict MNV size modifications and the direction of MNV expansion.
Evaluation of Macular and Peripapillary Blood Flow in Response to Intraocular Pressure Reduction in Patients With Posner–Schlossman Syndrome
Authors: Liu Dan , Fan Cong , Zhang Endong , Yang Jie , Zhang Yue , Jiang Jian 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction on macular and peripapillary microcirculation in patients with Posner–Schlossman syndrome (PSS) by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted. Patients diagnosed with PSS at the Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, from February 2020 to November 2021 were consecutively included. OCTA was used for the macular and peripapillary microcirculation measurements, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) was employed for the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and lamina cribrosa depth (LCD) measurements. The patients received OCT and OCTA examinations at baseline and 1 week post-treatment when the IOP was under control. Changes in macular and peripapillary microcirculation, RNFL, and LCD were calculated for all the analyzed areas.Results: Twenty-one eyes from 21 patients were included in the study. Pre-treatment and post-treatment IOP were 43.17 ± 10.36 mm Hg (range, 30–60 mm Hg) and 17.17 ± 2.85 mm Hg (range, 13–23 mm Hg), respectively. No statistically significant changes were detected in RNFL, LCD, or macular and peripapillary microcirculation after significant IOP reduction.Conclusion: The results suggested that a large IOP reduction may not result in a significant increase in peripapillary and macular capillary perfusion in patients with PSS.
Caterpillar-Induced Rice Volatile (E)-β-Farnesene Impairs the Development and Survival of Chilo suppressalis Larvae by Disrupting Insect Hormone Balance
Authors: Yang Lei , Yao Xiaomin , Liu Baosheng , Han Yangchun , Ji Rui , Ju Jiafei , Zhang Xiaona , Wu Shuwen , Fang Jichao , Sun Yang 
Published: June 2022

Significant research progress has recently been made on establishing the roles of tps46 in rice defense. (E)-β-farnesene (Eβf) is a major product of tps46 activity but its physiological functions and potential mechanisms against Chilo suppressalis have not yet been clarified. In the present study, C. suppressalis larvae were artificially fed a diet containing 0.8 g/kg Eβf and the physiological performance of the larvae was evaluated. In response to Eβf treatment, the average 2nd instar duration significantly increased from 4.78 d to 6.31 d while that of the 3rd instar significantly increased from 5.70 d to 8.00 d compared with the control. There were no significant differences between the control and Eβf-fed 4th and 5th instars in terms of their durations. The mortalities of the 2nd and 3rd Eβf-fed instars were 21.00-fold and 6.39-fold higher, respectively, than that of the control. A comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that multiple differentially expressed genes are involved in insect hormone biosynthesis. An insect hormone assay on the 3rd instars disclosed that Eβf disrupted the balance between the juvenile hormone and ecdysteroid levels. Eβf treatment increased the juvenile hormones titers but not those of the ecdysteroids. The qPCR results were consistent with those of the RNA-Seq. The foregoing findings suggested that Eβf impairs development and survival in C. suppressalis larvae by disrupting their hormone balance. Moreover, Eβf altered the pathways associated with carbohydrate and xenobiotic metabolism as well as those related to cofactors and vitamins in C. suppressalis larvae. The discoveries of this study may contribute to the development and implementation of an integrated control system for C. suppressalis infestations in rice.
Burnout Profiles Among Young Researchers: A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Boone Anke , Vander Elst Tinne , Vandenbroeck Sofie , Godderis Lode 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionBurnout is a growing problem among young researchers, affecting individuals, organizations and society. Our study aims to identify burnout profiles and highlight the corresponding job demands and resources, resulting in recommendations to reduce burnout risk in the academic context.MethodsThis cross-sectional study collected data from young researchers (n = 1,123) at five Flemish universities through an online survey measuring burnout risk, work engagement, sleeping behavior, and the most prominent job demands (e.g., publication pressure) and resources (e.g., social support). We conducted Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to identify burnout profiles in young researchers and subsequently compared these groups on job demands and resources patterns.ResultsFive burnout profiles were identified: (1) High Burnout Risk (9.3%), (2) Cynical (30.1%), (3) Overextended (2.3%), (4) Low Burnout Risk (34.8%), and (5) No Burnout Risk (23.6%). Each burnout profile was associated with a different pattern of job demands and resources. For instance, high levels of meaningfulness (OR = −1.96) decreased the odds to being classified in the Cynical profile.ConclusionOur findings show that the Cynical profile corresponds to a relatively high number of young researchers, which may imply that they are particularly vulnerable to the cynicism dimension of burnout. Additionally, work-life interference and perceived publication pressure seemed the most significant predictors of burnout risk, while meaningfulness, social support from supervisor and learning opportunities played an important protective role.
Relationship Between Family Socioeconomic Status and Learning Burnout of College Students: The Mediating Role of Subjective Well-Being and the Moderating Role of Resilience
Authors: Wu Wenzhi , Liu Yilin , Yu Lei , Guo Zhichao , Li Shujun , Guo Zeyi , Cao Xiang , Tu Fangjun , Wu Xiaoqin , Ma Xiao , Long Qing , Zhao Xinling , Li Xiujuan , Chen Yatang , Zeng Yong 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveLearning burnout affects the positive development of college students. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between family socioeconomic status (FSES) and learning burnout, as well as the mediation effect of subjective well-being and the moderation effect of resilience in this relation.MethodsA total of 550 Chinese college students from Yunnan completed a questionnaire measuring the research variables in this study.Results(1) After controlling for participants’ gender and age, FSES negatively, and significantly predicted learning burnout; (2) subjective well-being partially mediated the relationship between FSES and learning burnout; and (3) the direct effect of FSES on learning burnout and the mediation effect of subjective well-being was moderated by resilience. The level of learning burnout of individuals with low resilience increased significantly with the decrease of FSES, and the level of learning burnout of individuals with high resilience decreased significantly with the increase in subjective well-being.ConclusionThe present findings support the moderated mediation model underlying the relationship between FSES and learning burnout. This also has significant implications for formulating prevention and intervention measures on learning burnout among college students.LimitationsFirst of all, this study used the cross-sectional study design, which cannot make a causal inference. In addition, the sample in this study is university students from Kunming, which may affect the popularity of the results.
How Ice Rink Locations Affect Performance Time in Short-Track Speed Skating
Authors: Sun Lixin , Guo Tianxiao , Liu Fei , Tao Kuan 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo accurately provide evaluations on how match performance for elite skaters in short track speed skating developed, and whether geographical factors of ice rink locations should be considered apart from technical abilities. We created a dataset containing competition records from the 2013–14 to 2020–21 seasons (500 m event) on the official website.MethodsOne-way ANOVA was applied to statistically analyze whether the best performance times exhibited significant differences in varied hosting cities. Performance–time matrix and multivariate regression model were further established to quantitatively explain how geographical factors (longitude, latitude, altitude, and barometric pressure) affected performance.ResultsOur findings firstly confirmed that the fastest 500 m finishing times varied due to the hosting cities (P = 0.008) and showed that venue locations could boost or impair performance time with the maximum range of 3.6 s. Meanwhile, latitude (slightly over 46° when performance is maximized) was the most influential factor to account for the performance–time difference in different ice rink locations according to the multivariate regression model, though altitude (1,225 meters when performance is maximized) was also important.ConclusionsIn this perspective, elite skaters should check the geographical factors of the venues before they participated in the upcoming competitions, assess the real strength of their rivals, and adopt flexible tactics during training sessions.
Research of the Changes in the Psychological Status of Chinese University Students and the Influencing Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Liu Chen , Tang Jiayi , Shen Chao , Zhan Xingya , Bu Enhao , Shen Baozhen , Huang Wenhao 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPsychological dynamics of college students have changed during the COVID-19 outbreak but little research has been done in this area. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic changes in the mental health status of college students since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic 1 year and the influencing factors.MethodsThe research period was from February 2020 to August 2021. 384 college students were analyzed three times during this period on the recognition and psychological state of the pandemic.ResultsDuring the period from February 2020 to August 2021, in general, the positive scores rose from 20.79 to 23.46, while the negative scores dropped from 17.41 to 14.00. The regression analysis results on the influencing factors showed the degree of recognition of the pandemic is all significant in the three phases (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionWith the effective control of the pandemic, the mental state of the students showed a slight improvement in the environment of sporadic cases. Behavior has a partial mediating effect between the source of fear and psychological changes. Correct behavior guidance can effectively reduce the psychological changes caused by college students’ fear.
The Evolution of Psychological and Behavioral Consequences of Self-Isolation During Lockdown: A Longitudinal Study Across United Kingdom and Italy
Authors: Zaninotto Francesca , Bossi Francesco , Terry Philip , Riccaboni Massimo , Galli Giulia 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionSeveral countries imposed nationwide or partial lockdowns to limit the spread of COVID-19 and avoid overwhelming hospitals and intensive care units. Lockdown may involve restriction of movement, stay-at-home orders and self-isolation, which may have dramatic consequences on mental health. Recent studies demonstrated that the negative impact of lockdown restrictions depends on a wide range of psychological and socio-demographic factors.AimsThis longitudinal study aimed to understand how internal factors such as personality and mindfulness traits, and external factors, such as daily habits and house features, affect anxiety, depression and general wellbeing indicators, as well as cognitive functions, during the course of a lockdown.MethodsTo address these questions, 96 participants in Italy and the United Kingdom filled out a survey, once a week for 4 weeks, during the first-wave lockdowns. The survey included questions related to their habits and features of the house, as well as validated questionnaires to measure personality traits, mindful attitude and post-traumatic symptoms. Indicators of wellbeing were the affective state, anxiety, stress and psychopathological indices. We also measured the emotional impact of the pandemic on cognitive ability by using two online behavioral tasks [emotional Stroop task (EST) and visual search].ResultsWe found that internal factors influenced participants’ wellbeing during the first week of the study, while external factors affected participants in the last weeks. In the first week, internal variables such as openness, conscientiousness and being non-judgmental toward one’s own thoughts and emotions were positively associated with wellbeing; instead, neuroticism and the tendency to observe and describe one’s own thoughts and emotions had detrimental effects on wellbeing. Toward the end of the study, external variables such as watching television and movies, browsing the internet, walking the dog, and having a balcony showed a protective value, while social networking and engaging in video calls predicted lower values of wellbeing. We did not find any effects of wellbeing on cognitive functioning.ConclusionRecognizing specific traits and habits affecting individuals’ wellbeing (in both short and long terms) during social isolation is crucial to identify people at risk of developing psychological distress and help refine current guidelines to alleviate the psychological consequences of prolonged lockdowns.
Relationship of Resilience Factors With Biopsychosocial Markers Using a Comprehensive Home Evaluation Kit for Depression and Suicide Risk: A Real-World Data Analysis
Authors: Jang Sooah , Choi Sun-Woo , Ahn Ryunsup , Lee Ju-Yeal , Kim Joohan , Seok Jeong-Ho 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are fundamental factors in developing depression with increased suicide risk. Resilience is considered an important protective factor that can prevent trauma survivors from developing depression. We developed a home evaluation kit for a comprehensive assessment of bio-psycho-social factors related to depression and suicide. This kit contained a psycho-social evaluation battery, named the Protective and Vulnerable factors battery questionnaire (PROVE) comprising depressive symptoms and suicide risk, as well as various depression-related psychosocial factors, such as ACE, resilience, mentalization capacity, and attachment, via online survey tools. Furthermore, salivary cortisol levels were used as biological indicators to assess the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function.MethodsReal-world data analysis was made out of data collected from participants who visited CHEEU Counseling center or Gangnam Severance hospital for mental health check-ups. The participants were put into three mental state groups (green-normal, yellow-borderline, and red-risk) depending on the result of PROVE battery. The difference between psychosocial factors and salivary cortisol indicators by the group was identified by analysis of covariance with sex and age as covariates. Linear regression analysis was conducted to find a significant association of resilience score with other bio-psycho-social variables, such as ACE, attachment, mentalization, or post-awakening cortisol concentrations (area under the curve with respect to ground, AUCg). A partial correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship of AUCg with psychosocial factors.ResultsDepression-related psycho-social indicators were significantly different among groups. Insecure attachment and the mentalization problem are negatively influencing factors to resilience. Furthermore, the severity of depression in participants with ACE was also influenced by mentalization problems. AUCg was different according to the PROVE group, presence of ACE, or resilience level. In addition, AUCg showed a positive correlation with resilience score but negative correlations with depressive symptoms, ACE, mentalization problems, and anxiety or avoidance attachment.ConclusionThis study suggests that there are some key factors negatively affecting resilience: insecure attachment and mentalization problems. In groups with ACE, a mentalization problem was suggested as a factor that can increase depressive symptoms. AUCg was associated with resilience as well as several other vulnerable factors of depression, showing its potential as a promising biomarker.
Novel Synthetic Opioids (NSO) Use in Opioid Dependents Entering Detoxification Treatment
Authors: Specka Michael , Kuhlmann Thomas , Bonnet Udo , Sawazki Jürgen , Schaaf Luzia , Kühnhold Stefan , Steinert Renate , Grigoleit Torsten , Eich Helmut , Zeiske Benita , Niedersteberg Antje , Steiner Katharina , Schifano Fabrizio , Scherbaum Norbert 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionOver the last decade, the use of New/Novel Synthetic Opioids (NSO) has emerged as an increasing problem, and especially so in the USA. However, only little is known about the prevalence and history of NSO use in European heroin dependents.MethodA cross-sectional multicenter study, carried out with the means of both standardized interviews and urine toxicology enhanced screening, in a sample of opioid addicted patients referred for an in-patient detoxification treatment.ResultsSample size included here n = 256 patients; prior to admission, 63.7% were prescribed with an opioid maintenance treatment. Lifetime use of heroin and opioid analgesics was reported by 99.2 and 30.4%, respectively. Lifetime NSO/fentanyl use was reported by 8.7% (n = 22); a regular use was reported by 1.6% (n = 4), and ingestion over the 30 days prior to admission by 0.8% (n = 2). Most typically, patients had started with a regular consumption of heroin, followed by maintenance opioids; opioid analgesics; and by NSO. Self-reported data were corroborated by the toxicology screenings carried out; no evidence was here identified for the presence of heroin being contaminated by fentanyl/derivatives.DiscussionNSO and also opioid analgesics did not play a relevant role in the development and the course of opioid/opioid use disorders in German patients referred for an inpatient detoxification treatment.