bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All-optical control of excitons in semiconductor quantum wells
Authors: Kovalev V M , Boev M V , Kibis O V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Applying the Floquet theory, we developed the method to control excitonic properties of semiconductor quantum wells (QWs) by a high-frequency electromagnetic field. It is demonstrated, particularly, that the field induces the blue shift of exciton emission from the QWs and narrows width of the corresponding spectral line. As a consequence, the field strongly modifies optical properties of the QWs and, therefore, can be used to tune characteristics of the optoelectronic devices based on them.
Effect of spin orbit coupling on antiperovskites: Sr3BO (B = Pb, Sn)
Authors: Kaur Tavneet , Sinha M M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We present a comprehensive investigation examining the influence of spin–orbit coupling on structural, electronic, vibrational elastic, mechanical, and thermoelectric properties of cubic antiperovskites: Sr3PbO and Sr3SnO using first principles calculation. The incorporation of spin–orbit coupling has led to significant effect on physical properties by emergence of topological phase in both studied antiperovskites. The spin–orbit coupling has remarkable effect on the electronic properties by giving rise to separation of Valence band and Conduction band at Γ point and also by the origin of anti-crossing band feature with band gap of 27 meV and 16 meV at for Sr3PbO and Sr3SnO respectively along line adjoining Γ-X high symmetry points of Brillioun Zone. The inclusion of spin–orbit coupling brings about appreciable softening in the values of elastic, mechanical parameters and vibrational frequencies of phonon spectra. The incorporation of spin–orbit coupling has improved the thermoelectric performance by enhancing Seebeck coefficient and reducing thermal conductivity. The present simulation tends to simulate experimental research for constructive electronic, spintronics and thermoelectric applications.
Doubly charged Higgs production at future ep colliders *
Authors: Yang Xing-Hua , Yang Zhong-Juan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Higgs sector of the standard model can be extended by introducing an

Higgs triplet Δ to generate tiny neutrino masses in the framework of the type-II seesaw mechanism. In this paper, we study the pair production of the introduced Higgs triplet at future

colliders. The corresponding production cross sections via the vector boson fusion process at the FCC-ep and ILC

FCC are predicted, where the production of a pair of doubly charged Higgs is found to be dominant and then used to investigate the collider phenomenology of the Higgs triplet. Depending on the size of the Higgs triplet vacuum expectation value, the doubly charged Higgs may decay into a pair of same-sign charged leptons or a pair of same-sign W bosons. To explore the discovery potential of the doubly charged Higgs at future

colliders, we discuss these two decay scenarios in detail and show their detection sensitivity based on the mass of the doubly charged Higgs.
Influence of the reaction between water and ZnO on the properties of Au Schottky contacts and the photocatalytic activity of ZnO(0001) single crystals
Authors: Abe Koji 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Wet chemical treatment is a conventional surface cleaning method, and metal oxide photocatalysts are commonly used to decompose organic compounds in water. In this study, we have investigated the influence of the reaction between water and ZnO on the properties of Au Schottky contacts and the photocatalytic activity of Zn-face ZnO(0001) single crystals. The ZnO substrate was put in deionized water at temperatures between 40 °C and 90 °C (water treatment). The ZnO substrate was etched with deionized water, and the surface roughness increased with increasing water temperature. Although the water treatment had no significant influence on the surface composition of the ZnO substrate, it changed the properties of the Au contacts. Schottky contacts were formed on the as-received ZnO substrate and the ZnO substrate after the water treatment at 40 °C, whereas ohmic contacts were formed on the ZnO substrate after the water treatment at 90 °C. Photoelectron emission spectra showed that the surface Fermi level in the ZnO substrate after the water treatment at 90 °C was located just below the conduction band. However, the water treatment had no significant influence on the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO substrate. Even when the water treatment was performed at 90 °C, the surface Fermi level of the ZnO substrate in an electrolyte solution, which was estimated from photoelectrochemical measurements, was located about 0.4 eV below the conduction band.
Preparing Aquatic Research for an Extreme Future: Call for Improved Definitions and Responsive, Multidisciplinary Approaches
Authors: Aoki Lillian R , Brisbin Margaret Mars , Hounshell Alexandria G , Kincaid Dustin W , Larson Erin I , Sansom Brandon J , Shogren Arial J , Smith Rachel S , Sullivan-Stack Jenna 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Extreme events have increased in frequency globally, with a simultaneous surge in scientific interest about their ecological responses, particularly in sensitive freshwater, coastal, and marine ecosystems. We synthesized observational studies of extreme events in these aquatic ecosystems, finding that many studies do not use consistent definitions of extreme events. Furthermore, many studies do not capture ecological responses across the full spatial scale of the events. In contrast, sampling often extends across longer temporal scales than the event itself, highlighting the usefulness of long-term monitoring. Many ecological studies of extreme events measure biological responses but exclude chemical and physical responses, underscoring the need for integrative and multidisciplinary approaches. To advance extreme event research, we suggest prioritizing pre- and postevent data collection, including leveraging long-term monitoring; making intersite and cross-scale comparisons; adopting novel empirical and statistical approaches; and developing funding streams to support flexible and responsive data collection.
Bacteriophage Sf6 host range mutant that infects Shigella flexneri serotype 2a2 strains
Authors: Teh Min Yan , Tran Elizabeth Ngoc Hoa , Morona Renato 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Shigella flexneri serotype 2a2 (II:9;10) is the most prevalent strain in causing bacillary dysentery in developing countries. Chemical modifications such as glucosylation, O-acetylation, and phosphoethanolamine modifications of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O antigen (Oag) contribute to the emergence of various serotypes. Sf6 is a Shigella-specific bacteriophage that infects only a limited range of S. flexneri serotypes [X, Y]. LPS Oag is the primary receptor for bacteriophage Sf6 where it uses its tailspike protein (TSP) in binding and hydrolysing LPS Oags. Sf6TSP has recently been shown to be capable of hydrolysing the LPS Oag of Type II strains, albeit modestly. Phage therapy has regained attention in recent years as an alternative therapeutic approach. Therefore, this study aimed to expand the host range of Sf6 to the prevalent S. flexneri serotype 2a2 strain. We discovered a new lytic Sf6 host range mutant that is capable of infecting S. flexneri serotype 2a2 and identified residues in Sf6TSP that may potentially be involved in binding and hydrolysing serotype 2a2 LPS Oag. This work increased the limited Shigella-specific bacteriophage collection and may be useful in the future for phage therapy and/or biocontrolling of S. flexneri in contaminated food and water.
Assessing the natural capital value of Posidonia oceanica meadows in the Italian seas by integrating Habitat Suitability and Environmental Accounting Models
Authors: Catucci Elena , Buonocore Elvira , Franzese Pier Paolo , Scardi Michele 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ecological systems can be regarded as natural capital that yields ecosystem services vital for human well-being. The provision of these services strictly depends on the protection of natural capital stocks generating them, highlighting the need for conservation and monitoring actions led by proper assessment methodologies. Among the available methods, the Environmental Accounting Model based on the emergy approach is rapidly gaining popularity in ecological applications. We used such method to assess the natural capital value of Posidonia oceanica meadows, widely recognized the most important ecosystems in the Mediterranean basin, at Italian national spatial scale. The natural capital value of P. oceanica was further weighed by the estimates provided by a Habitat Suitability Model. We observed that the estimated level of habitat suitability played an important role as modifier of the average biophysical value of P. oceanica. Our approach allowed to identify the meadows having the highest stability and over space and time, which we defined as the most valuable in biophysical terms, thus with highest natural capital value. The spatially explicit estimates we provided could support managers and policy-makers to ensure the long-term provision of ecosystem services generated by P. oceanica, enhancing ecosystem management and maritime spatial planning.
Mahalanobis distance with an adapted within-author covariance matrix: An authorship verification experiment
Authors: Ishihara Shunichi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The rotated delta, which is argued to be a theoretically better-grounded distance measure, has failed to receive any empirical support for its superiority. This study revisits the rotated delta—which is more commonly known as the Mahalanobis distance in other areas—with two different covariance matrices that are estimated from training data. The first covariance matrix represents the between-author variability, and the second the within-author variability. A series of likelihood ratio-based authorship verification experiments was carried out with some different distance measures. The experiments made use of the documents arranged from a large database of text messages that allowed for a total of 2,160 same-author and 4,663,440 different-author comparisons. The Mahalanobis distance with the between-author covariance matrix performed far worse compared to the other distance measures, whereas the Mahalanobis distance with the within-author covariance matrix performed better than the other measures. However, superior performance relative to the cosine distance is subject to word lengths and/or the order of the feature vector. The result of follow-up experiments further illustrated that the covariance matrix representing the within-author variability needs to be trained using a good amount of data to perform better than the cosine distance: the higher the order of the vector, the more data are required for training. The quantitative results also infer that the two sources of variabilities—notably within- and between-author variabilities—are independent of each other to the extent that the latter cannot accurately approximate the former.
Combination of BMI1 and MAPK/ERK inhibitors is effective in medulloblastoma
Authors: Badodi Sara , Pomella Nicola , Lim Yau Mun , Brandner Sebastian , Morrison Gillian , Pollard Steven M , Zhang Xinyu , Zabet Nicolae Radu , Marino Silvia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Epigenetic changes play a key role in the pathogenesis of medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor.

Methods
We explore the therapeutic potential of BMI1 and MAPK/ERK inhibition in BMI1High;CHD7Low MB cells and in a preclinical xenograft model.

Results
We identify a synergistic vulnerability of BMI1High;CHD7Low MB cells to a combination treatment with BMI1 and MAPK/ERK inhibitors. Mechanistically, CHD7-dependent binding of BMI1 to MAPK-regulated genes underpins the CHD7-BMI1-MAPK regulatory axis responsible of the antitumour effect of the inhibitors in vitro and in a preclinical mouse model. Increased ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation activity is found in BMI1High;CHD7Low G4 MB patients, raising the possibility that they could be amenable to a similar therapy.

Conclusions
The molecular dissection of the CHD7-BMI1-MAPK regulatory axis in BMI1High;CHD7Low MB identifies this signature as a proxy to predict MAPK functional activation, which can be effectively drugged in preclinical models, and paves the way for further exploration of combined BMI1 and MAPK targeting in G4 MB patients.
Serologic and Cytokine Signatures in Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome and Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Lapp Stacey A , Abrams Joseph , Lu Austin T , Hussaini Laila , Kao Carol M , Hunstad David A , Rosenberg Robert B , Zafferani Marc J , Ede Kaleo C , Ballan Wassim , Laham Federico R , Beltran Yajira , Hsiao Hui-Mien , Sherry Whitney , Jenkins Elan , Jones Kaitlin , Horner Anna , Brooks Alyssa , Bryant Bobbi , Meng Lu , Hammett Teresa A , Oster Matthew E , Bamrah-Morris Sapna , Godfred-Cato Shana , Belay Ermias , Chahroudi Ann , Anderson Evan J , Jaggi Preeti , Rostad Christina A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
The serologic and cytokine responses of children hospitalized with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) vs coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are poorly understood.

Methods
We performed a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study of hospitalized children who met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention case definition for MIS-C (n = 118), acute COVID-19 (n = 88), or contemporaneous healthy controls (n = 24). We measured severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers and cytokine concentrations in patients and performed multivariable analysis to determine cytokine signatures associated with MIS-C. We also measured nucleocapsid IgG and convalescent RBD IgG in subsets of patients.

Results
Children with MIS-C had significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG than children with acute COVID-19 (median, 2783 vs 146; P &lt; .001), and titers correlated with nucleocapsid IgG. For patients with MIS-C, RBD IgG titers declined in convalescence (median, 2783 vs 1135; P = .010) in contrast to patients with COVID-19 (median, 146 vs 4795; P &lt; .001). MIS-C was characterized by transient acute proinflammatory hypercytokinemia, including elevated levels of interleukin (IL) 6, IL-10, IL-17A, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). Elevation of at least 3 of these cytokines was associated with significantly increased prevalence of prolonged hospitalization ≥8 days (prevalence ratio, 3.29 [95% CI, 1.17–9.23]).

Conclusions
MIS-C was associated with high titers of SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG antibodies and acute hypercytokinemia with IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and IFN-γ.
The NAC factor LpNAL delays leaf senescence by repressing two chlorophyll catabolic genes in perennial ryegrass
Authors: Yu Guohui , Xie Zheni , Lei Shanshan , Li Hui , Xu Bin , Huang Bingru 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExpression of chlorophyll (Chl) catabolic genes during leaf senescence is tightly controlled at the transcriptional level. Here, we identified a NAC family transcription factor, LpNAL, involved in regulating Chl catabolic genes via the yeast one-hybrid system based on truncated promoter analysis of STAYGREEN (LpSGR) in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). LpNAL was found to be a transcriptional repressor, directly repressing LpSGR as well as the Chl b reductase gene, NONYELLOWING COLORING1. Perennial ryegrass plants over-expressing LpNAL exhibited delayed leaf senescence or stay-green phenotypes, whereas knocking down LpNAL using RNA interference accelerated leaf senescence. Comparative transcriptome analysis of leaves at 30 d after emergence in wild-type, LpNAL-overexpression, and knock-down transgenic plants revealed that LpNAL-regulated stay-green phenotypes possess altered light reactions of photosynthesis, antioxidant metabolism, ABA and ethylene synthesis and signaling, and Chl catabolism. Collectively, the transcriptional repressor LpNAL targets both Chl a and Chl b catabolic genes and acts as a brake to fine-tune the rate of Chl degradation during leaf senescence in perennial ryegrass.
3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying the secretome of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells ameliorated neurological dysfunction after spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Chen Chong , Xu Hai-Huan , Liu Xiao-Yin , Zhang Yu-Sheng , Zhong Lin , Wang You-Wei , Xu Lin , Wei Pan , Chen Ya-Xing , Liu Peng , Hao Chen-Ru , Jia Xiao-Li , Hu Nan , Wu Xiao-Yang , Gu Xiao-Song , Chen Li-Qun , Li Xiao-Hong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Although implantation of biomaterials carrying mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is considered as a promising strategy for ameliorating neural function after spinal cord injury (SCI), there are still some challenges including poor cell survival rate, tumorigenicity and ethics concerns. The performance of the secretome derived from MSCs was more stable, and its clinical transformation was more operable. Cytokine antibody array demonstrated that the secretome of MSCs contained 79 proteins among the 174 proteins analyzed. Three-dimensional (3D) printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying MSCs secretome improved hindlimb locomotor function according to the Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan scores, the inclined-grid climbing test and electrophysiological analysis. Parallel with locomotor function recovery, 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying MSCs secretome could further facilitate nerve fiber regeneration, enhance remyelination and accelerate the establishment of synaptic connections at the injury site compared to 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds alone group according to magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Bielschowsky’s silver staining, immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy. These results indicated the implantation of 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying MSCs secretome might be a potential treatment for SCI.
Controversies in rheumatology: imaging of enthesitis in spondyloarthritis—does it mean anything for treatment decisions?
Authors: Balint Peter V , Poddubnyy Denis 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEnthesitis is considered a hallmark manifestation of spondyloarthritis including axial spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Detection of enthesitis might be challenging in both diagnostic and classification processes. In this debate, we discuss the controversy on the role of imaging in the detection of enthesitis including the relevance for treatment decisions in spondyloarthritis.
Examining mathematical creativity of prospective mathematics teachers through problem posing
Authors: Emre-Akdoğan Elçin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Students’ use of problem posing is an assessment tool for evaluating mathematical creativity, and it plays a substantial role in creative tasks. Integrating problem-posing tasks into a curriculum is beneficial for teaching and learning mathematics. The Photo-Math Project is an example of problem posing in terms of generating new problems. This study aimed to explore mathematical creativity in the problem posing of prospective mathematics teachers in the context of Photo-Math Projects. Data were collected from focus group interviews and Photo-Math Projects conducted in a calculus course for 22 first-year students studying at a mathematics education department in Turkey. The content of the calculus course included the function, limit and derivative concepts. Participants completed their Photo-Math Projects in 8 weeks. The challenges encountered while generating problems resulted in prospective mathematics teachers posing problems creatively. Sixteen prospective mathematics teachers were identified at the first and second levels of creativity, representing the domain-specific algorithm and the domain-specific algorithm and applications of definitions, respectively. Only four prospective mathematics teachers posed problems at the third level of creativity, representing the theoretical aspects of mathematical constructs such as theorems and definitions. In conclusion, the mathematical creativity that we assessed through students’ use of problem posing depends on students’ previous experiences.
Gestational Cd Exposure in the CD-1 Mouse Sex-Specifically Disrupts Essential Metal Ion Homeostasis
Authors: Jackson Thomas W , Baars Oliver , Belcher Scott M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In CD-1 mice, gestational-only exposure to cadmium (Cd) causes female-specific hepatic insulin resistance, metabolic disruption, and obesity. To evaluate whether sex differences in uptake and changes in essential metal concentrations contribute to metabolic outcomes, placental and liver Cd and essential metal concentrations were quantified in male and female offspring perinatally exposed to 500 ppb CdCl2. Exposure resulted in increased maternal liver Cd+2 concentrations (364 µg/kg) similar to concentrations found in non-occupationally exposed human liver. At gestational day (GD) 18, placental Cd and manganese concentrations were significantly increased in exposed males and females, and zinc was significantly decreased in females. Placental efficiency was significantly decreased in GD18-exposed males. Increases in hepatic Cd concentrations and a transient prenatal increase in zinc were observed in exposed female liver. Fetal and adult liver iron concentrations were decreased in both sexes, and decreases in hepatic zinc, iron, and manganese were observed in exposed females. Analysis of GD18 placental and liver metallothionein mRNA expression revealed significant Cd-induced upregulation of placental metallothionein in both sexes, and a significant decrease in fetal hepatic metallothionein in exposed females. In placenta, expression of metal ion transporters responsible for metal ion uptake was increased in exposed females. In liver of exposed adult female offspring, expression of the divalent cation importer (Slc39a14/Zip14) decreased, whereas expression of the primary exporter (Slc30a10/ZnT10) increased. These findings demonstrate that Cd can preferentially cross the female placenta, accumulate in the liver, and cause lifelong dysregulation of metal ion concentrations associated with metabolic disruption.
Optimizing Older Adults' Medication Use
Authors: Zonsius Mary C. , Myftari Klodiana , Newman Michelle , Emery-Tiburcio Erin E. 
Published: February 2022

This article is the third in a series, Supporting Family Caregivers in the 4Ms of an Age-Friendly Health System, published in collaboration with the AARP Public Policy Institute as part of the ongoing Supporting Family Caregivers: No Longer Home Alone series. The 4Ms of an Age-Friendly Health System (What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility) is an evidence-based framework for assessing and acting on critical issues in the care of older adults across settings and transitions of care. Engaging the health care team, including older adults and their family caregivers, with the 4Ms framework can help to ensure that every older adult gets the best care possible, is not harmed by health care, and is satisfied with the care they receive.
The articles in this series present considerations for implementing the 4Ms framework in the inpatient hospital setting and incorporating family caregivers in doing so. Resources for both nurses and family caregivers, including a series of accompanying videos developed by AARP and the Rush Center for Excellence in Aging and funded by The John A. Hartford Foundation, are also provided. Nurses should read the articles first, so they understand how best to help family caregivers. Then they can refer caregivers to the informational tear sheet—Information for Family Caregivers—and instructional videos, encouraging them to ask questions. For additional information, see Resources for Nurses.