bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formative Evaluation and Adaptation of a Navajo Cancer Survivor Physical Activity Intervention to Serve a Broader Native American Cancer Survivor Community
Authors: Bea Jennifer W. , Charley Brenda , Lane Taylor , Kinslow Brian , de Heer Hendrik ‘Dirk’ , Yazzie Etta , Yellowhair Janet , Hudson Jennifer , Wertheim Betsy C. , Schwartz Anna L. 
Published: November 2022

Background Although exercise has been shown to improve cancer survivorship in other communities, cancer exercise studies among Native American communities are rare. We sought to adapt a Navajo-tailored cancer exercise pilot program to serve a broader Native American cancer community. Methods Tribal experts representing 10 different Tribal Nations were engaged in small focus groups (n = 2–4) to assess program materials for cultural appropriateness and adaptation to expand tribal inclusiveness. Facilitated by a trained Native American interviewer, focus groups were provided a primer survey and then reviewed intervention materials (protocols, incentives, logo, flyers, etc.). Consensus was reached by the research team on all program adaptations. Results The program name, Restoring Balance, layout, graphics, and symbols were considered culturally appropriate overall. Program exercises and biomarker measurements were viewed as valuable to health improvements in the community. Important color, linguistic, and logistic program modifications were recommended to improve cultural alignment. The order of incentive items was revised to highlight restoration and the logo rotated to align with the four corners of the earth, an important cultural element. Linguistic modifications primarily related to prior traumatic research experiences in Native American communities where data had been taken without adequate community benefit or permission. Program emphasis should be on nurturing, added value and giving. Conclusion and Relevance The methodology used for cultural expert review was successful in eliciting adaptations to expand the tribal inclusiveness of Restoring Balance. Culture, as well as historically traumatic research experiences, among Native American populations must be considered when adapting health promotion programming.
Stroke in Latin America: Systematic review of incidence, prevalence, and case-fatality in 1997–2021
Authors: Delfino Carlos , Nuñez Marilaura , Asenjo-Lobos Claudia , Gonzalez Francisca , Riviotta Amy , Urrutia Francisca , Lavados Pablo , S. Anderson Craig , Muñoz Venturelli Paula 
Published: November 2022

Background: Stroke is a major global cause of death and disability. Most strokes occur in populations of low-middle-income country (LMIC); therefore, the subsequent disease burden is greater than in populations of high-income countries. Few epidemiological data exist for stroke in Latin America, composed primarily of LMIC. Aims: To determine epidemiological measures of incidence, prevalence, and 1-month case-fatality for stroke in Latin America/Caribbean (LAC) during 1997–2021. Summary of review: A structured search was conducted to identify relevant references from MEDLINE, WOS, and LILACS databases for prospective observational and cross-sectional studies in LAC populations from January 1997 to December 2021. A total of 9242 records were screened and 12 selected for analysis, seven incidence studies and five prevalence studies. Case-fatality was reported in six articles. Sub-group analysis by age, sex, and income countries was performed. A narrative synthesis of the findings was performed. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effect model to obtain pooled estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Studies quality was assessed according to the risk of bias criteria described in the Joanna Briggs Institute’s guide. The overall crude annual incidence rate of first-ever stroke in LAC was 119.0 (95% CI = 95.9–142.1)/100,000 people (with high heterogeneity between studies ( I2 = 98.1%)). The overall crude prevalence was 3060 (95% CI: 95.9–142.1)/100,000 people (with high heterogeneity between studies ( I2 = 98.8%)). The overall case-fatality at 1 month after the first stroke was 21.1% (95% CI = 18.6–23.7) ( I2 = 49.40%). Conclusion: This review contributes to our understanding regarding the burden caused by stroke in LAC. More studies with comparable designs are needed to generate reliable data and should include both standardized criteria, such as the World Health Organization clinical criteria and updated standard methods of case assurance, data collection, and reporting.
Comparative study on the effectiveness of bone grafting for arthrodesis of the thumb carpometacarpal arthritis
Authors: Matsuo Tomoki , Suzuki Taku , Hayakawa Katsuhiko , Kimura Hiroo , Matsumura Noboru , Iwamoto Takuji 
Published: November 2022

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the effectiveness of autogenous bone grafting for arthrodesis of the thumb carpometacarpal joint by comparing the bone union rates with and without bone grafting. We included 36 patients who underwent arthrodesis of the thumb carpometacarpal joint for arthritis (20 patients with bone grafts and 16 without bone grafts). Implants used for internal fixation were K-wire, tension band wiring, headless compression screw and locking plate. The presence of bone union and the time from surgery to bone union were evaluated. The bone union rate was 20/20 (100%) in the bone grafting group and 12/16 (75%) in the non-bone grafting group ( p = 0.03). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the time from surgery to bone union and patient characteristics. In conclusion, autogenous bone grafting may contribute to the bone union in the arthrodesis of thumb carpometacarpal arthritis. Level of evidence: III
First-pass effect in patients with acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion undergoing thrombectomy: insights from the PERSIST registry
Authors: Huang Xianjun , Chen Chu , Li Min , Duan Zuowei , Ji Yachen , Wu Kangfei , Xu Junfeng , Xiao Lulu , Xu Pengfei , Sun Wen 
Published: November 2022

Background: Achieving rapid and complete vascular recanalization in patients with acute large vessel occlusion can significantly improve patients’ prognosis. Objective: We aimed to investigate the potential contribution of the first-pass effect (FPE) to the clinical outcome of patients with acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion (VBAO). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) caused by VBAO in a multicentered retrospective registry dataset. FPE was defined as successful recanalization [modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) 2b/3 as modified FPE (mFPE); mTICI 3 as true FPE (tFPE)] after one pass of the device without rescue therapy. The baseline characteristics and procedural and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Multivariate analysis was used to explore the predictors of FPE and the relationship between FPE and 90-day prognosis. Results: A total of 508 patients (age, 63.7 ± 13.1 years, male, 71.6%) were finally included, 29.9% (152/508) of whom achieved mFPE, and 21.1% (107/508) of whom achieved tFPE. FPE was significantly associated with improved clinical outcomes, regardless of mFPE [odds ratio (OR): 0.601, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.370–0.977, p = 0.040] and tFPE (OR: 0.547, 95% CI: 0.318–0.940, p = 0.029). The use of contact aspiration, favorable collateral status, cardioembolic etiology, and basilar artery occlusion were statistically significant predictors of mFPE and tFPE, whereas hypertension was a negative predictor. Intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) prior to EVT was a positive predictor of mFPE but not of tFPE. Conclusion: FPE was associated with significantly favorable outcomes in EVT patients with VBAO. The predictors of FPE include infarct etiology, the site of occlusion, collateral status, EVT strategies, and IV rt-PA bridging strategies. Trial registration number: URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/ ; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2000033211.
User Performance Evaluation and System Accuracy Assessment of Four Blood Glucose Monitoring Systems With Color Coding of Measurement Results
Authors: Pleus Stefan , Baumstark Annette , Schauer Sebastian , Kölle Julia , Jendrike Nina , Mende Jochen , Haug Cornelia , Freckmann Guido 
Published: November 2022

Background: Blood glucose monitoring systems (BGMSs) are a cornerstone in diabetes management. They have to provide sufficiently accurate results in the hands of lay users, particularly in insulin-treated patients. The aim of this study was user performance evaluation and system accuracy assessment of four BGMSs with color coding of results. Methods: Study procedures were based on ISO 15197:2013. User performance evaluation included data from 100 participants, each of whom used every system with one reagent lot. Study personnel observed user techniques. For the system accuracy assessment, 100 capillary samples were obtained for measurement in duplicate with each of three reagent system lots per system, resulting in 600 results per system. Results: All assessed BGMSs exhibited a sufficient level of accuracy, with small differences between them. In the user performance evaluation, study personnel observed the smallest total number of user errors with Contour Next (Ascensia), followed by Accu-Chek Instant (Roche), Medisafe Fit Smile (Terumo), and OneTouch Ultra Plus Reflect (LifeScan). Approximately 90% of participants stated that a consistent color scheme, eg, for low blood glucose (BG) values, should be used across all BGMSs. There was no clear preference among the four tested BGMSs regarding the specific way of displaying color coding. Conclusions: The four BGMSs assessed in this study showed only small differences in an overall sufficient level of accuracy. User handling errors, as observed by study personnel, differed between the systems.
Neurological Complications in COVID-19 Patients: Can Analysis of Specific Antibodies and Viral RNA in Paired Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum be Used for Accurate Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Neuroinflammatory Disease? A Case Series
Authors: Lauridsen Karin Holst , Olsen Kristine Boisen , Lund Eva Løbner , Jensen Tomas O , Pedersen Thomas Ingemann , Harboe Zitta Barrella , Antsupova Valeria , Rasmussen Lasse Dam , Röser Dennis , Banner Jytte , Franck Kristina Træholt , Vorobieva Solholm Jensen Veronika 
Published: November 2022

Background: Neurological complications during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection have been frequently described. The detection of either SARS-CoV-2 RNA or specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in cerebrospinal fluid in the context of concomitant neurological manifestations indicates neuroinfection. Methods and Results: This is a retrospective descriptive analysis of cerebrospinal fluids and serum samples from 2 hospitalized patients and autopsy findings from 2 patients who died at home. Samples were analysed by 3 independent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detected in cerebrospinal fluids and paired serum in all 4 cases. Levels of antibodies in cerebrospinal fluids were highest in samples from a deceased man with critical progression of COVID-19 and detectable SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in cerebrospinal fluid, serum, 4 brain biopsies and 15 additional tissue samples, though immunohistochemical staining for SARS-CoV-2 in brain tissue did not detect the virus. Conclusion: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid may support the presence of SARS-CoV-2 neuroinflammatory disease in patients with COVID-19 and neurological manifestations.
Researching two Compassionate Cities: study protocol for a mixed-methods process and outcome evaluation
Authors: Quintiens Bert , Smets Tinne , Chambaere Kenneth , Van Den Block Lieve , Deliens Luc , Cohen Joachim 
Published: November 2022

Background/Objectives: Compassionate Cities are social ecology approaches that apply a set of actions, targeting a broad range of stakeholders, with the intention of renormalising caring, dying, loss and grieving in everyday life. While several initiatives have been described in the literature, a rigorous evaluation of their processes and outcomes is lacking. This article describes the protocol for a mixed-methods study to evaluate the development process and the outcomes of two Compassionate Cities in Flanders, Belgium. Methods and Analysis: We will use a convergent multiphase mixed-methods design, in which a combination of qualitative and quantitative data collection methods will be triangulated in the data analysis stage to capture both development processes and outcomes. Our design includes a quasi-experimental component of a quantitative outcome evaluation in both Compassionate Cities and two comparable control cities with no formal Compassionate City programme. Both Compassionate Cities will be co-created in collaboration with local stakeholders. A critical realism lens will be applied to understand how and why certain processes manifest themselves. Discussion: The creation of Compassionate Cities implies high levels of complexity, adaptivity, unpredictability and uncertainty. This requires various data collection methods that can be applied flexibly. A researcher taking on the role of active participant in the project’s development has several advantages, such as access to scholarly information. Reflexivity in this role is paramount to questioning where the ownership of the project lies. By applying a critical realism lens, we remain cautious about our interpretations, and we test the homogeneity of our findings through other forms of data collection. Conclusion: This is the first published study protocol to describe both a process and outcome evaluation of a Compassionate City project. By transparently describing our aims and data collection methods, we try to maximise information exchange among researchers and to inform others who desire to implement and evaluate their own initiatives.
Long-term Outcomes (5 Years or More) After Myotomy
Authors: Capovilla Giovanni , Costantini Andrea , Provenzano Luca , Costantini Mario , Salvador Renato 
Published: November 2022

Background: Surgical or endoscopic myotomy are good options for treating achalasia, as >80% of patients continue to report no symptoms at medium-term follow-up. Little is known about the long-term natural history of patients who have undergone myotomy, however, in terms of symptom control, need for retreatment, and complications. In this review we examined the long-term results at least 5 years after surgical or endoscopic myotomy. Methods: A narrative review of all studies reporting the results of surgical or endoscopic myotomy with a follow-up of 5 years or more was conducted. The main focus was on symptom relief, the incidence of GERD, and the need for retreatment. Results: Transthoracic or laparotomic approaches to Heller myotomy were mainly used in the last century, with long-term studies reporting symptom relief in the range of 73% to 95%, and a 4.4% to 45.5% incidence of GERD. The laparoscopic approach has been the gold standard for the last 20 years, eliminating dysphagia symptoms in 65% to 95% of patients. Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a valid method that achieves long-term symptom relief in up to 92% of patients. GERD remains an issue as it’s incidence after POEM exceeds that reported after laparoscopic myotomy. Conclusion: Surgical and endoscopic myotomy both achieve symptom control that persists for more than 5 years and can be accepted as an effective primary treatment for achalasia. However, the real role of the higher incidence of postoperative reflux carried by POEM should not be underestimated.
The effect of time of measurement on the discriminant ability for mortality in trauma of a pre-hospital shock index multiplied by age and divided by the Glasgow Coma Score: a registry study
Authors: Laaksonen Mikael , Björkman Johannes , Iirola Timo , Raatiniemi Lasse , Nurmi Jouni 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The shock index (SI) and its derivatives have been shown to predict mortality in severely injured patients, both in pre-hospital and in-hospital settings. However, the impact of the time of measurement on the discriminative ability of the pre-hospital SI is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the time of measurement influences the discriminative ability of the SI multiplied by age (SIA) and divided by the Glasgow Coma Score (SIA/G).

Methods
Registry data were obtained from the national helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) on trauma patients aged ≥ 18 years. The SI values were calculated based on the first measured vitals of the trauma patients by the HEMS unit. The discriminative ability of the SIA/G, with 30-day mortality as the endpoint, was evaluated according to different delay times (0 − 19, 20 − 39 and ≥ 40 min) from the initial incident. Sub-group analyses were performed for trauma patients without a traumatic brain injury (TBI), patients with an isolated TBI and patients with polytrauma, including a TBI.

Results
In total, 3,497 patients were included in the study. The SIA/G was higher in non-survivors (median 7.8 [interquartile range 4.7–12.3] vs. 2.4 [1.7–3.6], P < 0.001). The overall area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) for the SIA/G was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.85–0.89). The AUROC for the SIA/G was similar in the short (0.88, 95% CI: 0.85–0.91), intermediate (0.86, 95% CI: 0.84–0.89) and long (0.86, 95% CI: 0.82–0.89) measurement delay groups. The findings were similar in the three trauma sub-groups.

Conclusions
The discriminative ability of the SIA/G in predicting 30-day mortality was not significantly affected by the measurement time of the index in the pre-hospital setting. The SIA/G is a simple and reliable tool for assessing the risk of mortality among severely injured patients in the pre-hospital setting.
Individual and organisational factors in the psychosocial work environment are associated with home care staffs’ job strain: a Swedish cross-sectional study
Authors: Assander Susanne , Bergström Aileen , Olt Helen , Guidetti Susanne , Boström Anne-Marie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Home care staff (HCS) provide essential service to enable older adults to age in place. However, unreasonable demands in the work environment to deliver a safe, effective service with high quality has a negative impact on the individual employee’s well-being and the care provided to the older adults. The psychosocial work environment is associated with employees´ well-being, although, knowledge regarding which individual and organisational factors that contribute to job strain for HCS is limited. These factors need to be identified to develop targeted interventions and create sustainable work situations for HCS. This study aimed to explore how HCS´s perceived job strain is associated with, and to what extent can be explained by, individual and organisational factors of the psychosocial work environment and psychosomatic health.

Method
An explorative cross-sectional questionnaire survey design was used in a large Swedish county. Five home care agencies with a total of 481 HCS were asked to respond to a questionnaire regarding their perceived level of job strain (Strain in Dementia Care Scale), psychosocial work environment (QPSNordic34+), and psychosomatic health (Satisfaction with Work Questionnaire). Multiple linear regression (MLR) analyses were conducted to explore the association between job strain and individual and organisational factors.

Results
In total, 226 (46%) HCS responded to the questionnaire. Both individual and organisational factors were significant predictors of job strain and explained a variance ranging between 39 to 51% (p = 0.001). The organisational factor job demand and the individual factor feeling worried and restless was most frequently represented in these MRL models. A higher job strain was also associated with adverse outcomes regarding leadership, organisational culture and climate, and control at work.

Conclusion
This study indicates that there is an intertwined complexity of individual and organisational factors that are associated with the HCS´s perception of job strain. Implementation of new multidimensional work strategies, such as a reablement approach, could support the development of efficient strategies for HCS and reduce the level of job strain. Policy changes for the provision of home care are also needed to support the development of a sustainable and healthy psychosocial work environment.
Identifying pre-conception and pre-natal periods in which ambient air pollution exposure affects fetal growth in the predominately Hispanic MADRES cohort
Authors: Peterson Alicia K. , Habre Rima , Niu Zhongzheng , Amin Monica , Yang Tingyu , Eckel Sandrah P. , Farzan Shohreh F. , Lurmann Fred , Pavlovic Nathan , Grubbs Brendan H. , Walker Daphne , Al-Marayati Laila A. , Grant Edward , Lerner Deborah , Bastain Theresa M. , Breton Carrie V. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
It is well documented that persons of color experience disproportionate exposure to environmental contaminants, including air pollution, and have poorer pregnancy outcomes. This study assessed the critical windows of exposure to ambient air pollution on in utero fetal growth among structurally marginalized populations in urban Los Angeles.

Methods
Participants (N = 281) from the larger ongoing MADRES pregnancy cohort study were included in this analysis. Fetal growth outcomes were measured on average at 32 $$\pm$$
±
2 weeks of gestation by a certified sonographer and included estimated fetal weight, abdominal circumference, head circumference, biparietal diameter and femur length. Daily ambient air pollutant concentrations were estimated for four pollutants (particulate matter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) and less than 10 µm (PM10) in aerodynamic diameter, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and 8-h maximum ozone (O3)) at participant residences using inverse-distance squared spatial interpolation from ambient monitoring data. Weekly gestational averages were calculated from 12 weeks prior to conception to 32 weeks of gestation (44 total weeks), and their associations with growth outcomes were modeled using adjusted distributed lag models (DLMs).

Results
Participants were on average 29 years $$\pm$$
±
6 old and predominately Hispanic (82%). We identified a significant sensitive window of PM2.5 exposure (per IQR increase of 6 $$\mathrm{\mu g}/\mathrm{m}$$

μ
g

/
m

3) between gestational weeks 4–16 for lower estimated fetal weight $$\beta$$
β
averaged4-16 = -8.7 g; 95% CI -16.7, -0.8). Exposure to PM2.5 during gestational weeks 1–23 was also significantly associated with smaller fetal abdominal circumference ($$\beta$$
β
averaged1-23 = -0.6 mm; 95% CI -1.1, -0.2). Additionally, prenatal exposure to PM10 (per IQR increase of 13 $$\mathrm{\mu g}/\mathrm{m}$$

μ
g

/
m

3) between weeks 6–15 of pregnancy was significantly associated with smaller fetal abdominal circumference ($$\beta$$
β
averaged6-15 = -0.4 mm; 95% CI -0.8, -0.1).

Discussion
These results suggest that exposure to particulate matter in early to mid-pregnancy, but not preconception or late pregnancy, may have critical implications on fetal growth.