bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late Adolescence Behavior About Preconception Care During The Pandemic
Authors: Aurelia Yurenda , Kostania Gita , Antono Sumy Dwi , Mansur Herawati 
Published: January 2022

Background: The number of early marriages in Malang City increases every year, but health problems such as obesity, CED, smoking and drinking alcohol behavior, premarital sex, are still common. Thus, at this phase it is important to start planning and preparing for the future, one of which is through preconception care. The purpose of this study is to describe the late adolescents behaviour regarding preconception care in Sumbersari, Malang.
Methods: The design of this research is descriptive quantitative with a survey approach. The sample in this study were late adolescent aged 18-22 years old in Sumbersari, Malang and obtained 70 samples by using purposive sampling. Data of this study was collected online by using google forms. The tool of collecting data was researcher-made questionnaire which consist of 4 indicators (life style, nutritional preparation, health reproduction, and substances exposure). From the validity and reliability test of the questionnaire obtained 26 questions for boys and 25 questions for girls. Analysis data procedure was using descriptive analysis techniques.
Results: From 70 late adolescent obtained that their preconception care behavior was mostly in the enough category with 53.3% in men and 60% in women.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it is known that the preconception care behaviour in adolescents during the pandemic is sufficient. It means that preconception care behaviour in adolescents still requires improvement.
The Epic «Ural-Batyr» in the cultural heritage of Bashkirs
Authors: Аминев З.Г. 
Published: January 2022

Башкирский народ обладает огромным фольклорным наследием, которое служит бесценным источником по изучению его мифологических и космогонических воззрений. Автор исследует эпос «Урал батыр», записанный в 1910 г. башкирским фольклористом Мухаметшой Бурангуловым у двух выдающихся знатоков башкирской старины Габита Аргынбаева и Хамита Альмухаметова, и его влияние на картину мира башкирского этноса в широком этнокультурном контексте.
The Bashkir people have a huge folklore heritage, which serves as an invaluable source for the study of their mythological and cosmogonic views. The author explores the Epic «Ural-Batyr», recorded in 1910 by the Bashkir folklorist Mukhametsha Burangulov from two outstanding connoisseurs of Bashkir antiquity – Gabit Argynbayev and Hamit Almukhametov, and its influence on the worldview of the Bashkir ethnos in a broad ethno-cultural context.
Automation of the formation of educational and methodical documentation as a means of optimizing the supporting processes in the University
Authors: Аракелян М.А. , Гончар М.В. 
Published: January 2022

Авторы рассматривают использование ИКТ в деле автоматизации обеспечивающих процессов в вузах. Особое внимание уделено одному из наиболее трудоемких направлений реализации обеспечивающих процессов, а именно формированию учебно-методической документации. Изучены системы электронного документооборота десяти вузов, в статье более подробно описаны системы четырех вузов. Применение метода бенчмаркинга позволило выявить ключевые элементы автоматизации при составлении документации по образовательной программе, в частности, по рабочим программ дисциплин.
The article focuses on the current problem of using information and communication tools to automate supporting processes in universities. Particular attention is paid to one of the most time-consuming areas of the implementation of supporting processes, namely the formation of educational and methodological documentation. The electronic document management systems of ten universities have been studied, the systems of four universities are described in more detail in the article. The application of benchmarking method allowed identifying the key elements of automation in the preparation of documentation on the educational program, in particular on the work programs of disciplines.
Shock Acceleration with Oblique and Turbulent Magnetic Fields
Authors: Xu Siyao , Lazarian Alex 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We investigate shock acceleration in a realistic astrophysical environment with density inhomogeneities. The turbulence induced by the interaction of the shock precursor with upstream density fluctuations amplifies both upstream and downstream magnetic fields via the turbulent dynamo. The dynamo-amplified turbulent magnetic fields (a) introduce variations of shock obliquities along the shock face, (b) enable energy gain through a combination of shock drift and diffusive processes, (c) give rise to various spectral indices of accelerated particles, (d) regulate the diffusion of particles both parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field, and (e) increase the shock acceleration efficiency. Our results demonstrate that upstream density inhomogeneities and dynamo amplification of magnetic fields play an important role in shock acceleration, and thus shock acceleration depends on the condition of the ambient interstellar environment. The implications on understanding radio spectra of supernova remnants are also discussed.
Gas Dynamics in the Star-forming Region G18.148–0.283: Is It a Manifestation of Two Colliding Molecular Clouds?
Authors: Dey Jyotirmoy , Pandian Jagadheep D. , Lal Dharam Vir 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We report the results obtained from a multiwavelength study of the H ii region G18.148−0.283 using the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope at 1350 MHz, along with other archival data. In addition to the radio continuum emission, we have detected the H169α and H170α radio recombination lines toward G18.148−0.283 using a correlator bandwidth of 100 MHz. The moment-1 map of the ionized gas reveals a velocity gradient of approximately 10 km s−1 across the radio continuum peaks. The 12CO (J = 3−2) molecular line data from the CO High-Resolution Survey (COHRS) also show the presence of two velocity components that are very close to the velocities detected in the ionized gas. The spectrum and position–velocity diagram from CO emission reveal molecular gas at an intermediate-velocity range bridging the velocity components. We see mid-infrared absorption and far-infrared emission establishing the presence of a filamentary infrared dark cloud, the extent of which includes the targeted H ii region. The magnetic field inferred from dust polarization is perpendicular to the filament within the H ii region. We have also identified two O9 stars and 30 young stellar objects toward the target using data from the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS), and Galactic Legacy Infrared Midplane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE). Cumulatively, this suggests that the region is the site of a cloud–cloud collision that has triggered massive star formation and subsequent formation of an H ii region.
Inferring Kilonova Population Properties with a Hierarchical Bayesian Framework. I. Nondetection Methodology and Single-event Analyses
Authors: Mohite Siddharth R. , Rajkumar Priyadarshini , Anand Shreya , Kaplan David L. , Coughlin Michael W. , Sagués-Carracedo Ana , Saleem Muhammed , Creighton Jolien , Brady Patrick R. , Ahumada Tomás , Almualla Mouza , Andreoni Igor , Bulla Mattia , Graham Matthew J. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Kaye Stephen , Laher Russ R. , Shin Kyung Min , Shupe David L. , Singer Leo P. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We present nimbus: a hierarchical Bayesian framework to infer the intrinsic luminosity parameters of kilonovae (KNe) associated with gravitational-wave (GW) events, based purely on nondetections. This framework makes use of GW 3D distance information and electromagnetic upper limits from multiple surveys for multiple events and self-consistently accounts for the finite sky coverage and probability of astrophysical origin. The framework is agnostic to the brightness evolution assumed and can account for multiple electromagnetic passbands simultaneously. Our analyses highlight the importance of accounting for model selection effects, especially in the context of nondetections. We show our methodology using a simple, two-parameter linear brightness model, taking the follow-up of GW190425 with the Zwicky Transient Facility as a single-event test case for two different prior choices of model parameters: (i) uniform/uninformative priors and (ii) astrophysical priors based on surrogate models of Monte Carlo radiative-transfer simulations of KNe. We present results under the assumption that the KN is within the searched region to demonstrate functionality and the importance of prior choice. Our results show consistency with simsurvey—an astronomical survey simulation tool used previously in the literature to constrain the population of KNe. While our results based on uniform priors strongly constrain the parameter space, those based on astrophysical priors are largely uninformative, highlighting the need for deeper constraints. Future studies with multiple events having electromagnetic follow-up from multiple surveys should make it possible to constrain the KN population further.
A Study of an Equatorial Coronal Hole Observed at the First Parker Solar Probe Perihelion
Authors: Karna Nishu , Berger Mitchell A. , Asgari-Targhi Mahboubeh , Paulson Kristoff , Fujiki Ken’ichi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this study, we present an observational analysis of a coronal hole (CH) observed on 2018 November 1 and solar wind (SW) that originated from it, using the Solar Dynamics Observatory, the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations at 68 solar radii, ACE and WIND data at 1 au, and interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observations from 0.2 to 1 au. The CH-originated SW stream was observed by L1 on 2018 November 4 and by PSP on 2018 November 15. We examined the CH for nine Carrington Rotations (CR) and find that the SW stream to reach L1 varied from one CR to other. We find that the pressure, temperature, and magnetic fields increase as the speed of the SW increases and the density decreases with distance. We noticed suprathermal particle enhancement at and after the stream interaction region in both PSP and L1 observations, but the enhancement lasted longer in PSP compared to measurements made at L1. The multiple-rotation observations of the CH imply that any differences in observations between PSP and spacecraft at L1 are due to the radial evolution of the solar wind stream rather than of the CH or the source plasma itself. In addition, IPS measured the radio signal irregularities driven by the SW. Furthermore, we employed a standard analytical model to extrapolate the magnetic field at larger heights. We find that the extrapolated magnetic field at 68 R
⊙ and 1 au matches well with the magnetic field measured by PSP and OMNI.
Warm Absorbers in the Radiation-driven Fountain Model of Low-mass Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Ogawa Shoji , Ueda Yoshihiro , Wada Keiichi , Mizumoto Misaki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To investigate the origins of the warm absorbers in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we study the ionization-state structure of the radiation-driven fountain model in a low-mass AGN and calculate the predicted X-ray spectra utilizing the spectral synthesis code Cloudy. The spectra show many absorption and emission line features originating in the outflowing ionized gas. The O viii 0.654 keV lines are produced mainly in the polar region much closer to the supermassive black hole than the optical narrow-line regions. The absorption measure distribution of the ionization parameter (ξ) at a low inclination spreads over 4 orders of magnitude in ξ, indicating the multiphase ionization structure of the outflow, as actually observed in many type 1 AGNs. We compare our simulated spectra with the high energy resolution spectrum of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4051. The model reproduces slowly outflowing (a few hundred kilometers per second) warm absorbers. However, the faster components with a few thousand kilometers per second observed in NGC 4051 are not reproduced. The simulation also underproduces the intensity and width of the O viii 0.654 keV line. These results suggest that the ionized gas launched from subparsec or smaller regions inside the torus, which is not included in the current fountain model, must be an important ingredient of the warm absorbers with a few thousand kilometers per second. The model also consistently explains the Chandra/HETG spectrum of the Seyfert 2 galaxy Circinus.
Constraining the Circumburst Medium of Gamma-Ray Bursts with X-Ray Afterglows
Authors: Tian Xiao , Qin Ying , Du Mei , Yi Shuang-Xi , Tang Yan-Ke 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are considered to originate from core collapse of massive stars. It is believed that the afterglow property is determined by the density of the material in the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM). Therefore, the circumburst density can be used to distinguish between an interstellar wind, n(R) ∝ R
−k
, and a constant-density medium (ISM),

n
(
R
)
=
const

. Previous studies with different afterglow samples show that the circumburst medium of GRBs is neither simply supported by an interstellar wind nor completely favored by an ISM. In this work, our new sample consists of 39 GRBs with smoothly onset bump-like features in early X-ray afterglows, in which 20 GRBs have the redshift measurements. By using a smooth broken power-law function to fit the bumps of X-ray light curves, we derive the FWHM as the feature width (ω), as well as the rise and decay timescales of the bumps (T

r
and T

d
). The correlations between the timescales of X-ray bumps are similar to those found previously in the optical afterglows. Based on the fireball forward shock model of the thin shell case, we obtain the distribution of the electron spectral index p and further constrain the medium density distribution index k. The new inferred k is found to be concentrated at 1.0, with a range from 0.2 to 1.8. This finding is consistent with previous studies. The conclusion of our detailed investigation for X-ray afterglows suggests that the ambient medium of the selected GRBs is not homogeneous, i.e., neither ISM nor the typical interstellar wind.
Very Large Array Radio Study of a Sample of Nearby X-Ray and Optically Bright Early-type Galaxies
Authors: Grossová Romana , Werner Norbert , Massaro Francesco , Lakhchaura Kiran , Plšek Tomáš , Gabányi Krisztina , Rajpurohit Kamlesh , Canning Rebecca E. A. , Nulsen Paul , O’Sullivan Ewan , Allen Steven W. , Fabian Andrew 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Many massive early-type galaxies host central radio sources and hot X-ray atmospheres indicating the presence of radio-mechanical active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback. The duty cycle and detailed physics of the radio-mode AGN feedback is still a matter of debate. To address these questions, we present 1–2 GHz Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array radio observations of a sample of the 42 nearest optically and X-ray brightest early-type galaxies. We detect radio emission in 41/42 galaxies. However, the galaxy without a radio source, NGC 499, has recently been detected at lower frequencies by the Low-Frequency Array. Furthermore, 27/42 galaxies in our sample host extended radio structures and 34/42 sources show environmental interactions in the form of X-ray cavities. We find a significant correlation between the radio flux density and the largest linear size of the radio emission and between the radio power and the luminosity of the central X-ray point source. The central radio spectral indices of the galaxies span a wide range of values, with the majority of the systems having steep spectra and the rest flat spectra. These results are consistent with AGN activity, where the central radio sources are mostly switched on, thus the duty cycle is very high. Seven out of 14 galaxies with pointlike radio emission (Fanaroff–Riley Class 0; FR 0) also show X-ray cavities indicating that, despite the lack of extended radio structures at 1–2 GHz, these AGNs do launch jets capable of inflating lobes and cavities.
Quoi qu’il en coûte. Des mesures incomparables pour faire face aux conséquences économiques de la pandémie ?
Authors: Math Antoine 
Published: January 2022

Face aux conséquences sur l’économie de la pandémie de Covid-19, les États ont dû mettre en place des mesures budgétaires pour protéger les entreprises, les emplois et les ménages. Malgré la faiblesse des données, l’article, qui porte principalement sur l’Allemagne, l’Espagne, les États-Unis, la France, l’Italie et le Royaume-Uni, propose un panorama comparatif de ces mesures. Les dépenses publiques ont été inédites par leur variété et leur ampleur dans tous les pays, ce qui a globalement permis de compenser les pertes d’activité pour les entreprises et les ménages. Si les efforts budgétaires ont été bien plus importants aux États-Unis, des différences notables apparaissent également entre les grands pays européens. La France se distingue pour s’être privée, comparativement aux autres pays, de mesures significatives complémentaires en direction des ménages, ce qui a probablement abouti à laisser de côté certaines catégories de la population fragilisées par la crise.
Des politiques fédérales inédites pour sauvegarder l’emploi et limiter la pauvreté
Authors: Trenta Arnaud , Mellado Virginia 
Published: January 2022

Dans un contexte économique et social déjà préoccupant, le gouvernement fédéral argentin a mis en œuvre diverses politiques de soutien aux ménages et aux employeurs, dont certaines sont inédites dans leur ampleur et leur conception. D’une part, une aide monétaire aux populations vulnérables est versée pour la première fois sans conditionnalité et couvre près de 60 % des ménages. D’autre part, l’État fédéral prend en charge une partie des salaires du secteur privé, allant jusqu’à subventionner 37 % des emplois déclarés. Malgré ces mesures historiques, les processus de précarisation et de paupérisation continuent de se développer et certains secteurs comme l’hôtellerie-restauration se trouvent dans une situation critique.
Le retour en force de l’État
Authors: Freyssinet Jacques 
Published: January 2022

Face aux vagues de la pandémie, les mesures prises par les pouvoirs publics sont fréquemment recalibrées. Si la politique mise en œuvre est de grande ampleur, elle se caractérise aussi par son caractère unilatéral. Les organisations patronales et syndicales sont cantonnées dans l’expression de demandes, avec ou sans concertation informelle, puis dans la manifestation d’approbations ou de critiques face aux choix gouvernementaux. Ces dynamiques sont illustrées par l’exemple de deux secteurs fortement touchés : le service national de santé et les commerces de détail.
Une cité au milieu de la plaine ? L’exceptionnalisme américain à l’épreuve de Trump
Authors: Heurtebize Frédéric 
Published: January 2022

La politique étrangère du président Trump a été disruptive sur le plan rhétorique ainsi qu’en raison de son caractère imprévisible. S’il importe de ne pas minimiser le style présidentiel, les éléments de continuité ne doivent pas être sous-estimés, qu’il s’agisse de la politique de retrait du Moyen-Orient et de l’engagement dans une compétition de puissance dans l’Indo-Pacifique entamés sous Obama, ou de l’unilatéralisme déjà patent sous Bush fils. C’est donc probablement avec l’abandon de l’exceptionnalisme que la transgression de Donald Trump s’est avéré la plus spectaculaire. Pour la première fois depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale, Washington a refusé d’endosser le rôle de chef de file des démocraties et a renoncé ouvertement à défendre la démocratie et les droits de l’homme, ne serait-ce que sur le plan discursif. L’Amérique se voulait exceptionnelle par sa générosité. Sous Trump, l’America First a revendiqué la fin de cette ère, tenté l’hégémonie illibérale et porté un coup dur à l’exceptionnalisme américain.
La realpolitik européenne au service de la destinée américaine ? Les clairs-obscurs de la pensée d’Henry Kissinger
Authors: Samaan Jean-Loup 
Published: January 2022

Henry Kissinger est souvent présenté comme le promoteur d’une realpolitik importée de l’Europe du xix e siècle et qu’il aurait contribuée à populariser aux États-Unis. Cette vision de Kissinger comme une sorte de transfuge du « réalisme continental » est néanmoins trompeuse. Non seulement le réalisme de Kissinger est fluctuant mais son inspiration « continentale » reste partielle. Si le « milieu » européen a sans aucun doute façonné la pensée de Kissinger, il importe de souligner la tension originelle et trop souvent occultée par les biographes, au cœur de la vie de Kissinger : la cohabitation de cet héritage européen avec la tradition politique américaine. En effet, si Kissinger a indéniablement été influencé par ses expériences et ses lectures européennes, il a tout autant été marqué par l’idée d’un exceptionnalisme américain qui conditionna sa pratique du pouvoir et l’amena à soutenir certaines positions, notamment sur la guerre du Vietnam, en contradiction avec les grands théoriciens du réalisme de l’époque. Cet article propose donc un éclairage sur la trajectoire d’Henry Kissinger, tant à travers son parcours biographique que son évolution intellectuelle, et ce afin de mieux mettre en lumière sa relation à l’Europe.
Approaching logarithmic singularities in quasilinear chemotaxis-consumption systems with signal-dependent sensitivities
Authors: Winkler Michael 
Published: January 2022

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>The chemotaxis system</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE1"> \begin{document}$ \begin{array}{l}\left\{ \begin{array}{l}	u_t = \nabla \cdot \big( D(u) \nabla u \big) - \nabla \cdot \big( uS(x, u, v)\cdot \nabla v\big), \\	v_t = \Delta v -uv, \end{array} \right. \end{array} $\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>is considered in a bounded domain <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ \Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^n $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ n\ge 2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, with smooth boundary.</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>It is shown that if <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ D: [0, \infty) \to [0, \infty) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ S: \overline{\Omega}\times [0, \infty)\times (0, \infty)\to \mathbb{R}^{n\times n} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> are suitably smooth functions satisfying</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE2"> \begin{document}$ \begin{array}{l}D(u) \ge k_D u^{m-1}	\qquad {\rm{for\; all}}\; u\ge 0 \end{array} $\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>and</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE3"> \begin{document}$ \begin{array}{l}|S(x, u, v)| \le \frac{S_0(v)}{v^\alpha} \qquad {\rm{for\; all}}\; (x, u, v)\; \in \Omega\times (0, \infty)^2 \end{array} $\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>with some</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE4"> \begin{document}$ \begin{array}{l}m&gt;\frac{3n-2}{2n}	\qquad {\rm{and}}\;\alpha\in [0, 1), \end{array} $\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>and with some <inline-formula><tex-math id="M5">\begin{document}$ k_D&gt;0 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> and nondecreasing <inline-formula><tex-math id="M6">\begin{document}$ S_0: (0, \infty)\to (0, \infty) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, then for all suitably regular initial data a corresponding no-flux type initial-boundary value problem admits a global bounded weak solution which actually is smooth and classical if <inline-formula><tex-math id="M7">\begin{document}$ D(0)&gt;0 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>.</p>