bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fractional Brownian motion with deterministic drift: how critical is drift regularity in hitting probabilities
Authors: ERRAOUI MOHAMED , HAKIKI YOUSSEF 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Let

$B^{H}$

be a d-dimensional fractional Brownian motion with Hurst index

$H\in(0,1)$

,

$f\,:\,[0,1]\longrightarrow\mathbb{R}^{d}$

a Borel function, and

$E\subset[0,1]$

,

$F\subset\mathbb{R}^{d}$

are given Borel sets. The focus of this paper is on hitting probabilities of the non-centered Gaussian process

$B^{H}+f$

. It aims to highlight how each component f, E and F is involved in determining the upper and lower bounds of

$\mathbb{P}\{(B^H+f)(E)\cap F\neq \emptyset \}$

. When F is a singleton and f is a general measurable drift, some new estimates are obtained for the last probability by means of suitable Hausdorff measure and capacity of the graph

$Gr_E(f)$

. As application we deal with the issue of polarity of points for

$(B^H+f)\vert_E$

(the restriction of

$B^H+f$

to the subset

$E\subset (0,\infty)$

).
Using EEG and eye-tracking as indicators to investigate situation awareness variation during flight monitoring in air traffic control system
Authors: Li Qinbiao , Ng Kam K.H. , Yu Simon C.M. , Yiu Cho Yin , Li Fan , Chan Felix T.S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Identifying the absence of situation awareness (SA) in air traffic controllers is critical since it directly affects their hazard perception. This study aims to introduce and validate a multimodal methodology employing electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye-tracking to investigate SA variation within specific air traffic control contexts. Data from 28 participants executing the experiment involving three different SA-probe tests illustrated the conceptual relationship between EEG and eye-tracking indicators and SA variations, using behavioural data as a proxy. The results indicated that both EEG and eye-tracking metrics correlated positively with the SA levels required, that is, the frequency spectrum in the β (13–30 Hz) and γ (30–50 Hz) bands, alongside the fixation/saccade-based indicators and pupil dilation increased in response to higher SA levels. This research has substantial implications for investigating SA using a human-centric approach via psychophysiological indicators, revealing the intrinsic interactions between the human capability envelope and SA, contributing to the development of a real-time monitoring system of SA variations for air transportation safety research.
THÉORIE DES NOMBRES DES PREUVES DATANT DU XIIIe SIÈCLE
Authors: Toumi Seif Eddin , Nafti Foued 
Published: February 2025

RésuméNous entendons dans cet article éditer, traduire et analyser un texte datant du xiiie siècle dans lequel figurent des preuves arithmétiques de la proposition selon laquelle la somme des carrés de deux nombres impairs ne peut pas être un carré. Cette proposition avait déjà été démontrée par al-Ḫāzin au xe siècle par le biais des propositions 3 et 5 du livre II et de la proposition 22 du livre IX des Éléments d’Euclide.
MAD MAN, SLEEPER, AND FIRE AVICENNA ON THE PERCEPTION OF THE EXTERNAL
Authors: Cai Zhenyu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAvicenna is well-known for rejecting Aristotle’s dichotomy between perception and the intellect by introducing the so-called estimative power, which connects perception and the intellect. The estimative power is similar to sensory cognition because what is estimated is always mixed with the sensibles. Additionally, the proper object of estimation is the individualised macnā, which seems similar to the object of the intellect as the intelligible macnā. Given the special role of estimation, scholars have recently begun debating whether Avicenna has a conceptualist theory of perception. This article contributes to that debate by focusing on Avicenna’s discussions about the perception of externals in Al-taclīqāt. I argue for a reading that steers between Mohammad Azadpur’s conceptualist reading and Luis Farjeat’s anti-conceptualist reading. For Avicenna, the presence of the sensible form in a sensory power is non-conceptual, but the perceptual judgement exhibits a weak epistemic conceptualism.
THE EXTENSION OF REALITY
Authors: Ibrahim Bilal 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAvicenna’s distinction between external existence and mental existence is seminal to logic and philosophy in the Islamic tradition. This article examines philosophers who depart from Avicenna’s external-mental existence framework. They view the former as failing to support a general analysis of reality and truth, as mental existence is neither necessary nor sufficient for analyzing propositional truths, i.e., true propositions are true irrespective of “the very existence of minds” and “the perceptual acts of perceivers.” They propose that Avicenna’s semantics for categorical propositions needs revision, as there are true metathetic and hypothetical propositions, i.e., subject terms need not exist – in external reality or in a mind – for such propositions to be true. This counter-Avicennan current of thought articulates a third distinction in the analysis of reality, which focuses on the mind-independent nature of propositional content – particularly propositions with empty, hypothetical, or impossible subject terms – as a way to think generally about reality, in contrast to the Avicennan emphasis on the existential status of terms and essences. Notably, the analysis of mind-independent reality is supported by a novel semantics of “real” (ḥaqīqī) categorical propositions, which avoids external and mental existence conditions.
Comparative microRNA signatures based on liquid biopsy to identify lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer patients undergoing upfront surgery or endoscopic resection
Authors: Okamoto Kazuaki , Nozawa Hiroaki , Ozawa Tsuyoshi , Yamamoto Yoko , Yokoyama Yuichiro , Emoto Shigenobu , Murono Koji , Sasaki Kazuhito , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro , Ishihara Soichiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
After endoscopic resection of T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) with a high risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM), additional surgery is required. However, the actual frequency of LNM based on conventional risk factors is less than 16%. There is a need for biomarkers to identify T1 CRC carrying a high risk of metastasis to avoid unnecessary radical surgery. Based on the comparison of serum miRNA between stage I/II and stage III from a large-scale in silico dataset, we conducted a validation analysis of the selected miRNAs using plasma samples from LNM-positive and LNM-negative T1 CRC patients who underwent endoscopic treatment followed by radical surgery at our hospital. In the validation cohort, the three-miRNA classifiers (miR-195-5p, miR-221-3p, and miR-193b-3p) effectively identified LNM-positive T1 CRC patients who received upfront surgery with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.74. Moreover, in T1 CRC patients after endoscopic resection, miR-195-5p and miR-221-3p were able to predict LNM with an AUC of 0.74. Plasma miRNA signatures may serve as effective predictors for LNM in T1 CRC both before upfront surgery and after endoscopic resection.
Five-year follow-up with the PreserFlo MicroShunt for open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Scheres Lotte M. J. , Kujovic-Aleksov Stefani , Winkens Bjorn , de Crom Ronald M. P. C. , Webers Carroll A. B. , Beckers Henny J. M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To report on five-year results with the PreserFlo MicroShunt (MicroShunt) for the surgical treatment of open-angle glaucoma.

Patients and methods
Retrospective case series of consecutive patients who underwent a stand-alone MicroShunt implantation at the University Eye Clinic of Maastricht. If a patient underwent the procedure in both eyes, only the first eye was included in the analysis. MicroShunt implantation was augmented with 0.2 mg/ml mitomycin-C. The primary outcome was intraocular pressure (IOP) during follow-up. Furthermore, information on IOP-lowering medication use, success rates, reoperation rates, and postoperative complications was collected.

Results
Sixty-six eyes were included for analyses. Diagnoses included primary open-angle glaucoma (88%) and pigmentary glaucoma (12%). The majority of patients had moderate or advanced glaucoma, based on the mean deviation of the visual field examination. Mean (95% - confidence interval) IOP dropped from 21.8 (20.8–22.8) at baseline to 13.2 (11.8–14.6) mmHg after 5 years (p < 0.001). Mean number of IOP-lowering medications was reduced from 2.5 (2.2–2.9) at baseline to 0.9 (0.5–1.2), 1.0 (0.7–1.4), and 1.1 (0.7–1.5) after three, four, and five years (all p < 0.001). Needling or surgical revision was performed in twelve eyes (18%). Nineteen eyes (29%) required further IOP-lowering surgery. Postoperative complications were usually mild and self-limiting and included early hypotony, shallow anterior chamber, and hyphaema.

Conclusions
After five years, the MicroShunt was found to be a safe procedure, leading to a sustained reduction in mean IOP and number of IOP-lowering medications. However, almost one third of the eyes required further IOP-lowering interventions.
Heat flows solubilize apatite to boost phosphate availability for prebiotic chemistry
Authors: Matreux Thomas , Schmid Almuth , Rappold Mechthild , Weller Daniel , Çalışkanoğlu Ayşe Zeynep , Moore Kelsey R. , Bosak Tanja , Dingwell Donald B. , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Guyot François , Scheu Bettina , Braun Dieter , Mast Christof B. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Phosphorus is an essential building block of life, likely since its beginning. Despite this importance for prebiotic chemistry, phosphorus was scarce in Earth’s rock record and mainly bound in poorly soluble minerals, with the calcium-phosphate mineral apatite as key example. While specific chemical boundary conditions have been considered to address this so-called phosphate problem, a fundamental process that solubilizes and enriches phosphate from geological sources remains elusive. Here, we show that ubiquitous heat flows through rock cracks can liberate phosphate from apatite by the selective removal of calcium. Phosphate’s strong thermophoresis not only achieves its 100-fold up-concentration in aqueous solution, but boosts its solubility by two orders of magnitude. We show that the heat-flow-solubilized phosphate can feed the synthesis of trimetaphosphate, increasing the conversion 260-fold compared to thermal equilibrium. Heat flows thus enhance solubility to unlock apatites as phosphate source for prebiotic chemistry, providing a key to early life’s phosphate problem.
Predictable recovery rates in near-surface materials after earthquake damage
Authors: Illien Luc , Turowski Jens M. , Sens-Schönfelder Christoph , Berenfeld Clément , Hovius Niels 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Earthquakes introduce transient mechanical damage in the subsurface, which causes postseismic hazards and can take years to recover. This observation has been linked to relaxation, a phenomenon observed in a wide range of materials after straining perturbations, but systematic controls on the recovery duration in the shallow subsurface after earthquake ground shaking have not been determined. Here, we analyse the effects of two successive large earthquakes and their aftershocks on ground properties using estimates of seismic velocity from ambient noise interferometry. We show that the relaxation time scale is a constant that is an intrinsic property of the substrate, independent of the intensity of ground shaking. Our study highlights the predictability of earthquake damage dynamics in the shallow subsurface and also in other materials. This finding may be reconciled with existing state variable frameworks by considering the superposition of different populations of damaged contacts.
The German adaptation of the Amputee Body Image Scale and the importance of psychosocial adjustment to prosthesis use
Authors: Bekrater-Bodmann Robin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Negative cognitions related to one’s own body, here referred to as body image disturbances (BID), are common after lower limb amputation and correlate with weak psychological functioning. The Amputee Body Image Scale (ABIS) is internationally used to assess BID in persons with lower limb amputation. However, there is no psychometrically evaluated German adaptation available. Including a sample of 191 individuals with lower limb amputation, the present study developed and psychometrically evaluated the German ABIS. Results suggest high reliability in terms of internal consistency and stability of the measure over two years. Meaningful and significant relationships to sex, amputation level, post-amputation pain, mobility, and psychopathology indicate validity of the instrument. Multivariate analyses emphasize a specific and inverse relationship between BID and psychosocial adaptation to the prosthesis including its embodiment. Focussing on ABIS items that are independent of the type of amputation or rehabilitation experiences resulted in an ABIS short form with psychometric properties comparable to the long form. This instrument could be prospectively used in diverse limb loss populations, such as individuals with upper limb amputation or persons not using a prosthesis. The present results thus crucially contribute to the repertoire of patient-reported outcome measures in the context of post-amputation rehabilitation.
Changing ecosystems promote generalism and enhanced heterogeneity in diet composition in the endangered St. Lawrence Estuary beluga
Authors: Cabrol Jory , Lesage Véronique , Rioux Ève 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Changes in trophodynamics may affect trophic niche both at the individual and population levels. Using stable isotope ratios, we showed how contrasting oceanographic and trophic conditions in 1997–2003 and 2015–2020 have altered the diet and degree of individual specialization of St. Lawrence Estuary beluga (Delphinapterus leucas). The trophic niche of all sex and age classes changed over time, with beluga consuming more small pelagic prey during the first than the second period. Adult male diets differed from that of adult females and juveniles during the first period due to the other prey that were consumed. In 2015–2020, diet contributions by small pelagic prey decreased in all segments of the population and led to marginally significant differences in diet between adult males and females. These dietary changes were concomitant to a diversification of diet at the individual level and to an increase in diet heterogeneity among conspecifics and years within the 2015–2020 period. Whether these patterns emerged from an environment-driven reduction in prey biomass or from an increase in intra- and/or interspecific competition is unknown. Our findings illustrate the importance of considering individuals and not just the population when studying the foraging ecology of endangered species.
A digital heat early warning system for older adults
Authors: Oberai Mehak , Xu Zhiwei , Bach Aaron , Forbes Connor , Jackman Ella , O’Connor Fergus , Ennever Isabella , Binnewies Sebastian , Baker Steven , Rutherford Shannon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Extreme heat events lead to considerable health burden and are becoming more severe and frequent, calling for the development of effective population-based and individualised heat early warning systems. We developed an individualised heat early warning system and tested it in 78 older adults’ ( ≥ 65 years) homes in Southeast Queensland, Australia. Quantitative and qualitative data from this proof-of-concept testing study showed that the Ethos system performed well on a standard usability scale (mean score of 78 on the System Usability Scale). Following a summer-time use of this early warning system, there were increases in heat preparedness (P < 0.001, marginal homogeneity tests) but no significant increases in heat health risk perception or the uptake of low-cost cooling measures (e.g., hand/forearm bath, fans). This proof-of-concept research demonstrated the usability of this tailored, actionable, real-time digital heat early warning system, although the effectiveness of the system remains to be evaluated in a robust trial design.
Developmental phylotranscriptomics in grapevine suggests an ancestral role of somatic embryogenesis
Authors: Koska Sara , Leljak-Levanić Dunja , Malenica Nenad , Bigović Villi Kian , Futo Momir , Čorak Nina , Jagić Mateja , Ivanić Ariana , Tušar Anja , Kasalo Niko , Domazet-Lošo Mirjana , Vlahoviček Kristian , Domazet-Lošo Tomislav 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The zygotic embryogenesis of Arabidopsis, which is initiated by gamete fusion, shows hourglass-shaped ontogeny-phylogeny correlations at the transcriptome level. However, many plants are capable of yielding a fully viable next generation by somatic embryogenesis—a comparable developmental process that usually starts with the embryogenic induction of a diploid somatic cell. To explore the correspondence between ontogeny and phylogeny in this alternative developmental route in plants, here we develop a highly efficient model of somatic embryogenesis in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) and sequence its developmental transcriptomes. By combining the evolutionary properties of grapevine genes with their expression values, recovered from early induction to the formation of juvenile plants, we find a strongly supported hourglass-shaped developmental trajectory. However, in contrast to zygotic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis, where the torpedo stage is the most evolutionarily inert, in the somatic embryogenesis of grapevine, the heart stage expresses the most evolutionarily conserved transcriptome. This represents a surprising finding because it suggests a better evolutionary system-level analogy between animal development and plant somatic embryogenesis than zygotic embryogenesis. We conclude that macroevolutionary logic is deeply hardwired in plant ontogeny and that somatic embryogenesis is likely a primordial embryogenic program in plants.
mGluR5-mediated astrocytes hyperactivity in the anterior cingulate cortex contributes to neuropathic pain in male mice
Authors: Shen Weida , Chen Fujian , Tang Yejiao , Zhao Yulu , Zhu Linjing , Xiang Liyang , Ning Li , Zhou Wen , Chen Yiran , Wang Liangxue , Li Jing , Huang Hui , Zeng Ling-Hui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Astrocytes regulate synaptic transmission in healthy and pathological conditions, but their involvement in modulating synaptic transmission in chronic pain is unknown. Our study demonstrates that astrocytes in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) exhibit abnormal calcium signals and induce the release of glutamate in male mice. This leads to an elevation in extracellular glutamate concentration, activation of presynaptic kainate receptors, and an increase in synaptic transmission following neuropathic pain. We discovered that the abnormal calcium signals are caused by the reappearance of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5) in astrocytes in male mice. Importantly, when we specifically inhibit the Gq pathway using iβARK and reduce the expression of mGluR5 in astrocytes through shRNA, we observe a restoration of astrocytic calcium activity, normalization of synaptic transmission and extracellular concentration of glutamate, and improvement in mechanical allodynia in male mice. Furthermore, the activation of astrocytes through chemogenetics results in an overabundance of excitatory synaptic transmission, exacerbating mechanical allodynia in mice with neuropathic pain, but not in sham-operated male mice. In summary, our findings suggest that the abnormal calcium signaling in astrocytes, mediated by mGluR5, plays a crucial role in enhancing synaptic transmission in ACC and contributing to mechanical allodynia in male mice.
DSTYK phosphorylates STING at late endosomes to promote STING signaling
Authors: Dong Hao , Zhang Heng , Song Pu , Hu Yuan , Chen Danying 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is essential for innate immune pathway activation in response to pathogenic DNA. Proper activation of STING signaling requires STING translocation and phosphorylation. Here, we show that dual serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinase (DSTYK) directly phosphorylates STING Ser366 at late endosomes to promote the activation of STING signaling. We find that TBK1 promotes STING post-Golgi trafficking via its kinase activity, thereby enabling the interaction between DSTYK and STING. We also demonstrate that DSTYK and TBK1 can both promote STING phosphorylation at late endosomes. Using an in vivo Dstyk-knockout model, we showed that mice deficient in DSTYK demonstrate reduced STING signaling activation and are more susceptible to infection with a DNA virus. Together, we reveal the previously unknown cellular function of DSTYK in phosphorylating STING and our findings provide insights into the mechanism of STING signaling activation at late endosomes.
Muskelin is a substrate adaptor of the highly regulated Drosophila embryonic CTLH E3 ligase
Authors: Briney Chloe A , Henriksen Jesslyn C , Lin Chenwei , Jones Lisa A , Benner Leif , Rains Addison B , Gutierrez Roxana , Gafken Philip R , Rissland Olivia S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) is a conserved developmental process where the maternally-derived protein and mRNA cache is replaced with newly made zygotic gene products. We have previously shown that in Drosophila the deposited RNA-binding proteins ME31B, Cup, and Trailer Hitch are ubiquitylated by the CTLH E3 ligase and cleared. However, the organization and regulation of the CTLH complex remain poorly understood in flies because Drosophila lacks an identifiable substrate adaptor, and the mechanisms restricting the degradation of ME31B and its cofactors to the MZT are unknown. Here, we show that the developmental regulation of the CTLH complex is multi-pronged, including transcriptional control by OVO and autoinhibition of the E3 ligase. One major regulatory target is the subunit Muskelin, which we demonstrate is a substrate adaptor for the Drosophila CTLH complex. Finally, we find that Muskelin has few targets beyond the three known RNA-binding proteins, showing exquisite target specificity. Thus, multiple levels of integrated regulation restrict the activity of the embryonic CTLH complex to early embryogenesis, during which time it regulates three important RNA-binding proteins.
20.5.13.2 Arenecarboxylic Acid Esters (Update 2024)
Authors: Ying J. , Wu X.-F. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractArenecarboxylic acid esters are prevalent motifs in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, polymers, and natural products. They are also versatile building blocks in organic synthesis. Traditionally, esters are prepared via activation of acids or acid anhydrides, followed by nucleophilic substitution. However, these methods usually require harsh reaction conditions and two steps. Over the past couple of decades, alternative synthetic approaches have been developed, including Chan—Lam-type reactions, oxidative esterification, carbonylation, and addition of carboxylic acids to unsaturated carbon—carbon bonds. This review highlights recent developments of these transformations with some selected works reported between 2002 and 2022, and serves as an update to the previous (2007) Science of Synthesis chapter on the preparation of arenecarboxylic acid esters (Section 20.5.13).