bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy and feasibility of simple navigation technology with an ordinary laser pen and surgical instrument box in open-wedge high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Xu Zhe , Tian Guang , Zhang Ruguo , Wu Zhanyu , Liu Chen , Ye Chuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The clinical outcomes of open-wedge high-tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) for medial knee osteoarthritis depend mainly on the precision of correction. The present study aimed to determine the efficacy and feasibility of simple navigation technology with an ordinary laser pen and surgical instrument box.Methods: Seventy-one patients were randomly divided into the navigation (n=36) and traditional groups (n=35). In the navigation group, the hip, knee (Fujisawa point), and ankle centers were located preoperatively using the lid of the surgical instrument box. The leg was aligned with an ordinary laser pen. Radiation exposure, operative time and cost, required labor and postoperative complications were evaluated. The visual analog scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores were recorded. After 24 months, the femoral tibial angle (FTA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), posterior slope angle (PSA), and rate of excellent correction were recorded. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the survival time of affected knees.Results: Radiation exposure, operative time and cost, required labor, rate of excellent correction, and postoperative complications were better in the navigation group than in the traditional group (P < 0.05). Six months postoperatively, the VAS and WOMAC scores were significantly improved in both groups (P < 0.001). At 24 months, the FTA, MPTA and PSA were corrected in both groups (P < 0.001), and no between-group differences were found (P > 0.05). There was no difference in the postoperative knee survival time between the traditional and laser navigation groups (P = 0.533).Conclusions: Simple laser navigation technology can effectively increase the rate of excellent leg alignment correction and reduce radiation exposure, operative time and cost, required labor, and postoperative complications.
Triglyceride Glucose-Waist Circumference to Height Ratio Exceeds Commonly Used Anthropometric Markers in Predicting 10-Year Diabetes Risk: the REACTION Research
Authors: Lin Jie , Li Hang , Qin Yahui , Xiang Xin , Wan Qin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Although Triglyceride glucose-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR) is an indicator for insulin resistance, the relationship between TyG-WHtR and newly diagnosed diabetes is unclear. The intention of this research is to examine the causative association between TyG-WHtR and new-onset diabetes.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective 10-year cohort study of 10150 Chinese adults. After screening out the unqualified people, the TyG-WHtR level of 8279 participants was calculated in this study, and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate the possibility that it has a connection with diabetes.
Results
Within 10 years, 271 men (3.27%) and 532 women (6.43%) were newly diagnosed with diabetes. Multivariate Cox regression analysis reveals a linear relationship between TyG-WHtR index and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (HR=8.889, 95% CI: 4.703 to 16.801, P < 0.001), and TyG-WHtR shows great AUC (0.750, 95% CI: 0.733-0.767). Addionally, TyG-WHtR associated diabetes was shown to be substantially more prevalent in people aged 71 to 80, with a BMI below 24 kg/m2 and no hypertensive condition (P < 0.05), according to subgroup analysis.
Conclusion
According to the study, TyG-WHtR might be an accuracy indicator of future diabetes risk and outperform other commonly used anthropometric indices.
Comparing behavioral performance and physiological responses of Sebastes schlegelii with different aggressive strengths
Authors: Li Haixia , Wang Jie , Zhang Xu , Hu Yu , Liu Ying , Ma Zhen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Fish aggression has significant individual differences, and different personalities exhibit distinct behavioral performances and physiological stress responses. Under intensive culture conditions, Sebastes schlegelii juveniles display severe aggression and cannibalism, causing fish welfare and economic loss. Herein, we investigated the alterations in behavioral performance and physiological stress indicators of Sebastes schlegelii juveniles with different aggressive strengths. The results revealed that latency to the first movement, distance to center-point, mobile frequency, and immobile frequency were significantly lower in high-aggressive individuals than low-aggressive individuals. In contrast, the immobile time was significantly higher in high-aggressive individuals compared to low-aggressive individuals. PCA was performed to identify the key parameters of fish behavior. From the results of PCA, position, motion state, and physical status could be used as behavioral screening indicators for individuals with different aggressions. The 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio was significantly lower in high-aggressive individuals than in low-aggressive individuals. Moreover, cortisol levels were positively correlated with immobile time, and the ratio of 5-HIAA/5-HT was significantly and positively correlated with the distance to the central point. These results suggest that different aggressive individuals can be identified according to position, motion state, and physical status in a short period of time, while the distance to center-point associated with brain monoaminergic activity may be a more accurate indicator. The results not only provide a non-invasive method for reducing fish aggression but also help to enhance precise management in aquaculture.
Geoarchaeological and palaeoenvironmental interpretation of residual hills and relict slopes in the Central Ebro Basin, Spain
Authors: Peña-Monné José Luis , Sampietro-Vattuone Maria Marta , Picazo-Millán Jesús 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The cyclical evolution of the testimonial buttes in the central area of the Ebro depression (Los Monegros) is analysed. It is a semiarid environment that favours high erosive rates. The aim of this paper is to obtain an evolutionary model of the Jubierre hills that shows the environmental cycles represented by aggradational and degradative processes on the slopes that produced the present arrangement of talus flatiron rings. In the four studied cases, the talus relicts are composed of detritic material from a disappeared caprock pediment. Four slope stages (S4 to S1) formed under more stable climate conditions are identified. Older stages ages (S4 and S3) are estimated by comparison with other talus flatiron systems from the region. The S2 stage contains Bronze Age archaeological remains and the radiocarbon age obtained was 1608 − 1446 years cal BC (2σ), while S1 is younger. A climate genesis is established for these aggradational stages (S4 to S1). The active erosion of these hills led to a relief inversion and talus flatirons remain as the only features revealing the presence of the old hills and past human occupations.
Evaluating Body Weight In Predicting Initial Gn Dosage During IVF For Women With PCOS: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zeng Rujun , Chen Hanxiao , Zeng Xun , Qin Lang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the major cause of anovulatory infertility. Since women with PCOS are often accompanied by increased body weight and infertility, Individualized gonadotropin (Gn) dose is required to achieve therapeutic effect while minimizing the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation simultaneously. We aimed to investigate the essential role of body weight in optimizing initial Gn dosage for PCOS patients during in vitro fertilization (IVF).Methods: We retrospectively included 227 infertile PCOS patients who used gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-antagonist fixed protocol underwent their first cycle of IVF in West China Second University Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020. Baseline characteristics controlled ovarian stimulation parameters, and reproductive outcomes were compared between patients with different body weights and different ovarian responses. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were adopted to investigate the relationship between body weight and initial Gn dosage. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to find the optimal cut-off value of body weight in predicting the starting Gn dosage so as to prevent high ovarian response (HOR).Results: Circulating testosterone (T) level was increased and Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level was decreased in higher weight groups compared to lower weight groups. Increased body weight was significantly correlated to the rise of initial Gn dosage (OR = 1.113, 95% CI = 1.021-1.227, p = 0.016). Normal ovarian response (NOR) patients had significantly less fresh cycle cancel rate and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) rate which outweighed the slightly fewer embryos compared with HOR patients. Using ROC curves, 55.5 kg and 70.5 kg were identified as the optimal cut-off values to predict the initial Gn dosage no more than 150 IU (sensitivity, 72.5%; specificity, 63.4%) and 225 IU (sensitivity, 75.0%; specificity, 95.2%), respectively.Conclusion: Body weight was an independent factor for initial Gn dosage. Adjusting initial Gn dosage based on body weight is crucial to achieving better reproductive outcomes for PCOS patients during IVF.
Phase II Trial of Metronomic Capecitabine and Cyclophosphamide with Lapatinib and Trastuzumab in Patients with HER2 Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Who Have Progressed on a Previous Trastuzumab-Based Regimen
Authors: Kang Irene , Zang Peter D. , Spicer Darcy V. , Lu Janice M. , Groshen Susan , Tsao-Wei Denice , Garcia Augustin A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:Breast cancer is the most common cancer and second most common cause of cancer mortality in women. Around 25% of all breast cancers have overexpression of Human Epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), which is associated with earlier recurrence and shorter overall survival. ‘Metronomic chemotherapy’ is an emerging paradigm in cancer therapy, in which frequent low doses of chemotherapeutic agents are administered at frequent intervals. We proposed a regimen with metronomic chemotherapy with dual HER2 inhibition in HER2 positive patients with MBC. We hypothesize that this regimen will be highly active in MBC and have a favorable toxicity profile.Methods:This was a single-center, phase II, single arm, open-label study. Female patients 18 years of age and older who had histologically confirmed HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer with prior trastuzumab use in the adjuvant or metastatic setting were eligible. Patients were treated on a 21-day cycle with capecitabine 1500mg PO daily, cyclophosphamide 50mg PO daily, lapatinib 1000mg PO daily and trastuzumab 6mg/kg IV once per 21-day cycle. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the progression free survival (PFS). Secondary objectives were to evaluate the overall response rate (ORR), to evaluate the clinical benefit rate (CBR; complete response, partial response, and stable disease for ≥24 weeks), to estimate the overall survival (OS) and to assess the safety and tolerability of this regimen in the study population. Results:Ten patients were accrued for the study. PFS was 13.7 (95% CI: 2.6, 16.6) months. ORR was 40% (95% CI: 15%, 70%), and CBR was 70%. Median OS was 29.6 (95% CI: 11.8, 81.9+) months. Several grade 3 toxicities were identified in 5 patients (50%): diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue, infusion related reaction, abdominal pain, oral mucositis, paronychia, AST and ALT increase, neutropenia, leukopenia and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia.Conclusions:The proposed regimen of metronomic capecitabine and cyclophosphamide with lapatinib and trastuzumab appears to be active in patients with HER2 positive MBC but with toxicity in line with other standard therapies. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov # NCT01873833 Date: June 10, 2013
Carcinoma-associated fibroblast-derived lysyl oxidase-rich extracellular vesicles mediate collagen crosslinking and promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Liu Xue , Li Jiao , Yang Xuesong , Li Xiaojie , Kong Jing , Qi Dongyuan , Zhang Fuyin , Sun Bo , Liu Yuehua , Liu Tingjiao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and promote cancer progression by modifying the extracellular matrix (ECM). The tumor-associated ECM is characterized by collagen crosslinking catalyzed by lysyl oxidase (LOX). Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) mediate cell-cell communication. However, the interactions between sEVs and the ECM remain unclear. Methods: sEVs separation was performed by differential ultracentrifugation. Normal fibroblasts (NFs) were treated with sEVs and the content of collagen crosslinking were performed by ELISA. Active LOX (αLOX) was enriched in sEVs were performed by western blot and ELISA. TCI-15 was used to inhibited sEVs bind to collagen I and triggered collagen crosslinking. CAF sEV-induced collagen crosslinking promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of OSCC cells was confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. Results: Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, that sEVs released from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)-derived CAFs induce collagen crosslinking, thereby promoting EMT. CAF sEVs preferably bound to the ECM rather than being taken up by fibroblasts and induced collagen crosslinking, and a LOX inhibitor or blocking antibody suppressed this effect. αLOX, but not the LOX precursor, was enriched in CAF sEVs and interacted with periostin, fibronectin, and bone morphogenetic protein-1 on the surface of sEVs. CAF sEV-associated integrin α2β1 mediated the binding of CAF sEVs to collagen I, and blocking integrin α2β1 inhibited collagen crosslinking by interfering with CAF sEV binding to collagen I. CAF sEV-induced collagen crosslinking promoted the EMT of OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: This work reveals that CAF sEV-αLOX interacted with FN, POSTN, and BMP-1 on the surface of sEVs. Integrin α2β1 mediated the binding of CAF sEVs to collagen I, and αLOX triggered collagen crosslinking directly. Collagen crosslinking induced by CAF sEVs promoted the EMT of OSCC cells.
Quantitative Analysis of Heat Release during Coal Oxygen-Lean Combustion in a O2/CO2/N2 atmosphere by TG-DTG-DSC
Authors: Shi Jingdong , Su Hetao , Li Yunzhuo , Huang Zijun , Wang Yiru , Gao Lintao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Coal combustion in an oxygen-lean and multi-gas environment is a common exothermic phenomenon for coalfield fires, leading to serious environmental destruction and loss of coal resources. Simultaneous thermal analysis experiments for Bulianta (BLT, high-volatile bituminous coal) and Yuwu coal (YW, anthracite) in 21vol.%O2/79vol.%N2 and 15vol.%O2/5vol.%CO2/80vol.%N2 were carried out to study the law of heat release. Based on the TG-DTG-DSC curves, the combustion characteristic parameters were analyzed. A delay of ignition and heat release existed during the coal oxygen-lean combustion in O2/CO2/N2. Decreasing O2 concentration caused a significant reduction of local reactivity and further the decreasing maximum heat release rate for low-rank coal, while increasing CO2 concentration caused a significant thermal lag effect and further the increasing maximum heat release rate for high-rank coal. The relationship between the heat release rate and the reaction rate constant was quantitatively analyzed. At the increasing stage of the heat release rate, the heat release rate of the two coals increased conforming to ExpGro1 exponential model. At the decreasing stage of the heat release rate, the heat release rate of YW coal decreased exponentially with the reaction rate constant, while the heat release rate of BLT coal decreased linearly. Regardless of the atmospheres, the conversion rates corresponding to maximum heat release rate of BLT and YW coal were about 0.80 and 0.50, respectively, indicating that the coal rank played a dominant role. The results are helpful to understand the heat release process of coal oxygen-lean combustion in O2/CO2/N2.
Tryptophan C-mannosylation is critical for Plasmodium falciparum transmission
Authors: Lopaticki Sash , McConville Robyn , John Alan , Geoghegan Niall , Mohamed Shihab Deen , Verzier Lisa , Steel Ryan , Evelyn Cindy , O'Neill Matthew , Caiazzo Sabrina , Soler Niccolay Madiedo , Scott Nichollas , Rogers Kelly , Goddard-Borger Ethan , Boddey Justin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
C-mannosylation stabilizes proteins bearing a thrombospondin repeat (TSR) domain in metazoans. Here we show that Plasmodium falciparum expresses a DPY19 C-mannosyltransferase in the endoplasmic reticulum and that DPY19-deficiency abolishes C-glycosylation, destabilizes members of the TRAP adhesin family and inhibits transmission to mosquitoes. P. falciparum gametogenesis was imaged in its entirety in four dimensions using lattice light-sheet microscopy. This revealed defects in egress and exflagellation for DDPY19 microgametes. While exflagellation was diminished, DDPY19 microgametes still fertilized macrogametes, forming ookinetes but these were abrogated for mosquito infection. The gametogenesis defects corresponded with destabilization of MTRAP, which we show is C-mannosylated in P. falciparum, and the ookinete defect was concordant with defective CTRP secretion on the DDPY19 background. Genetic complementation of DPY19 restored ookinete infectivity, sporozoite production and C-mannosylation activity. Therefore, tryptophan C-mannosylation by DPY19 in the early secretory pathway ensures TSR protein quality control at two lifecycle stages for successful transmission of the human malaria parasite.
Fluorofenidone attenuates pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis via inhibiting the IL-11/MEK/ERK signaling pathway
Authors: Song Cheng , Liu Xiaofan , Tan Weijun , Guo Xiaoqun , Mao Yahui , Zhou Qi , Geng Shuang , Hu Yi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary ﬁbrosis (IPF) is a special type of interstitial lung diseases with unknown cause. Interleukin (IL)-11 is a new therapeutically target for fibrosis diseases. In this experiment, we further explored the pharmacology mechanism and molecular target of ﬂuorofenidone (FD) in vivo and in vitro.
Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were intratracheally injected with Bleomycin (BLM) or saline. FD was administered throughout the course of the experiment. Lung tissue sections were stained with haemotoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome and Immunohistochemistry. Cytokines were measured by ELISA, and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-MEK), IL-11RA and gp130 were measured by Western blot. The RAW264.7 cells and the normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLFs) were treated with IL-11 and/or FD, IL-11RA-siRNA, MEK Inhibitor. The expressions of p-ERK, p-MEK, IL-11RA, gp130, α-SMA, ﬁbronectin and collagenⅠwere measured by Western blot and/or RT-PCR, the cytokines were measured by ELISA.
Results: FD attenuated pulmonary inﬂammation and ﬁbrosis, and decreased the expressions of IL-8, IL-18, IL-11, MCP-1, p-ERK and p-MEK in the bleomycin mouse model. Moreover, the protein expressions of IL-11RA and gp130 were inhibited by FD in IL-11-induced RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, FD attenuated IL-11-induced expressions of p-ERK and p-MEK in IL-11-induced RAW264.7 cells and IL-11-induced normal human lung fibroblasts. Meanwhile, FD reduced IL-11-induced the levels of IL-8, IL-18 and MCP-1, blocked IL-11-induced the activation of fibroblasts.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that FD attenuates BLM-induced pulmonary inﬂammation and ﬁbrosis in mice via inhibiting the IL-11/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
Reducing uncertainty in local climate projections
Authors: Qasmi Saïd , Ribes Aurélien 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Planning for adaptation to climate change requires accurate climate projections. Recent studies have shown that the uncertainty in global mean surface temperature projections can be considerably reduced by using historical observations. However, the transposition of these new results to the local scale is not yet available. We adapt an innovative statistical method that combines the latest generation of climate model simulations, global observations, and local observations to reduce uncertainty in local temperature projections. By taking advantage of the tight links between local and global temperature, we can derive the local implications of global constraints. The model uncertainty is reduced by 30% up to 50% at any location worldwide, allowing to substantially improve the quantification of risks associated with future climate change. A rigorous evaluation of these results within a perfect model framework indicates a robust skill, leading to a high confidence in our constrained climate projections.
Isolation of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Binding Sequences using Evolved Phage Display Libraries
Authors: McConnell Stephen J. , Thon Vicki J. , Spinella Dominic G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
A fusion protein construct consisting of the short form of human fibroblast growth factor (FGFR) fused to the heavy c;hain of mouse lgG1 was used to screen four phage display libraries displaying 8, 13, 38 and 43 amino acids at the amino terminus of the bacteriophage M13 gene Ill minor coat protein. Phage with specific FGFR binding activity were isolated from the 13,
38 and 43mer libraries. One of the highest affinity phage clones from the 13mer library was chosen to be further evolved by oligonucleotide saturation mutagenesis. We have isolated evolved sequences that have approximately 8 times the relative binding affinity of the parent sequence. The phage clones have a m1n1mum consensus sequence of CR/SXLLXGAPFXXXXC, where X represents positions tolerant of several amino acids. A synthetic peptide based on this sequence specifically inhibits FGF from binding to its receptor in an in vitro ELISA
Efficient Computational Algorithms for Docking and for Generating and Matching a Library of Functional Epitopes II. Computer Vision-Based Techniques for the Generation and Utilization of Functional Epitopes
Authors: Nussinov Ruth , Wolfson Haim J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
This is the second review in a two-part series. In the first review (1) we described the computational complexity involved in the docking of a ligand onto a receptor surface. In particular, we focused on efficient algorithms designed to handle this computational task. Such a procedure results in a large number of potential, geometrically feasible solutions. The difficulty is to pinpoint which of these is the more likely candidate. While there exists a number of approaches to rank these solutions according to different criteria, such as the size of the interface or some approximation of their binding energetics, none of the existing methods has
been shown to be consistently successful in this endeavor. If the binding site is unknown a
priori, the magnitude of the task is awesome. Here we propose one way of addressing this problem, i.e., via derivation and utilization of binding epitopes. If a library of such epitopes is available, particularly for a large number of protein families, it may be used to predict more likely binding sites for a given ligand. We describe an efficient, computer-vision based method to construct binding epitopes focusing on two ways through which such a library can be generated, (1) molecular surface-based, or (iJ) residue-based. Alternatively, the two can be combined. We further describe how such a library may be used efficiently in the matching/docking procedure.