bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pedagogia de transformações, escola que luta pela libertação
Authors: Dietrich Tatiele 
Published: March 2022

O presente trabalho apresenta a Teoria Progressista, refletindo sobre o contexto histórico do seu surgimento, o seu objetivo e as razões do seu desenvolvimento. Também veremos seus principais representantes, sua maior ênfase e algumas críticas referente a essa pedagogia. A Teoria Progressista defende que a escola pode ser um ambiente que busca a libertação dos oprimidos e a conscientização dos alunos para que esses se tornem seres humanos ativos dentro da sociedade. Veremos, ainda, que essa teoria é dividida em três partes: a Libertadora, onde se destaca Paulo Freire, autor muito importante para a educação, a Libertária e a Crítico-social dos conteúdos. A partir da pesquisa bibliográfica procuramos relacionar os referenciais teóricos com a nossa própria experiência como estudante e como professora na Educação Básica.
desafios do ensino da Matemática na educação de campo
Authors: Spielmann Júlia Wilke , Pacheco Cláudia Regina Costa 
Published: March 2022

Considerando a necessidade de fortalecer a identidade da escola do campo, ancorada na realidade e na história do meio rural, buscamos compreender a escola em seu papel fundamental, ou seja, na possibilidade de mudanças de paradigmas sociais. As transições paradigmáticas não ocorrem pela ação exclusiva da escola, mas sem ela as transformações não acontecem de forma sustentável. O objetivo primeiro desta pesquisa foi analisar os desafios e as possibilidades do ensino de Matemática na Educação do Campo, buscando conhecer os problemas historicamente enfrentados pelos professores de Matemática em escolas do meio rural. Além disso, também se constituíram como metas para essa investigação compreender as dificuldades de ensinar Matemática na modalidade de Educação do Campo, observar e buscar alternativas para melhorar essa modalidade de educação. A escolha desse assunto deve-se à necessidade de um maior entendimento da realidade das escolas brasileiras no campo, que se apresentam das mais distintas formas. Encontramos desde escolas altamente equipadas com aparatos desenvolvidos pela mais moderna tecnologia, quadros eletrônicos e conectados à internet, até escolas de apenas um professor, atendendo crianças e adolescentes agrupados em uma mesma turma, sem equipamento e até mesmo sem energia elétrica. A pesquisa baseou-se num estudo de cunho bibliográfico; utilizamos, além de livros, questionários, entrevistas, imagens e visitas às escolas do campo, podendo assim ter mais contato com a realidade que essas escolas vivem. Existem muitas discussões sobre os vários métodos que o professor pode usar como suporte para motivar os alunos a aprender Matemática, principalmente quando é uma cultura totalmente diferente da sua, como na escola do campo. Podemos citar como uma das constatações da nossa pesquisa que a escola do meio rural precisa ser pensada como um todo, educadores, educandos, sociedade e políticas públicas unidas para conquistar esse grande passo a ser dado na Educação do Campo. Todos só têm a ganhar com toda essa luta. Poder fazer uma educação de qualidade no campo não é um favor, é uma obrigação.
High-temperature Oxidation Properties of TiC-reinforced Mo Matrix Composites with Cr Element Added
Authors: LI Hongtao , HAN Renheng , PENG Fangchao , YIN Hongliang , TANG Ming , ZHANG Hexin , ZHAO Chengzhi 
Published: March 2022

This work studied Mo-TiC-xCr (x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 wt.%) matrix composites with different component gradients prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). The high-temperature oxidation test was conducted at 1200 ℃ in the atmosphere to study the influence of Cr on the high-temperature oxidation behavior of TiC-reinforced Mo matrix composites. The phase composition and morphology of the oxide film were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and the goal was to determine the effect of the Cr content on the high-temperature oxidation properties of the Mo-TiC-xCr (x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 wt.%) matrix composites. The results showed that with increasing oxidation time, the oxide film on the surface of Mo alloy will crack and fall off easily, and the porosity gradually increases. Oxygen underwent vigorous oxidation through the pores and the inside of the matrix, and a protective MoO2 internal oxide film disappeared. With increasing Cr content, the high-temperature oxidation performance of the Mo alloy improved, the thickness of the oxide film decreased, warping of the surface oxide film was inhibited, the porosity decreased, and volatilization of MoO3 was inhibited. After oxidation, the surface oxide film was mainly composed of TiO2, MoO3, Cr2O3 and Cr2(MoO4)3 phases. The TiC particles dispersed in the matrix were oxidized to TiO2 to inhibit the oxidation of the alloy. The Cr formed a protective oxidation film of Cr2O3, which effectively reduced the porosity and delayed the volatilization of the MoO3, thus improving its oxidation performance.
Evolutionary Sequence of Spacetime and Intrinsic Spacetime and Associated Sequence of Geometries in Metric Force Fields III
Authors: Joseph O. Akindele Adekugbe 
Published: March 2022

A curved `two-dimensional' absolute intrinsic metric spacetime (\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{\rho}\),\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{c}_s\)\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{t}\)) on the vertical intrinsic spacetime hyperplane; its invariantly projected flat ‘two-dimensional' absolute proper intrinsic metric spacetime (\(\varnothing\)\({\rho}^\prime\)ab,\(\varnothing\)\({c}\)sab\(\varnothing\)\({t}^\prime\)ab) and a flat `two-dimensional' absolute proper metric spacetime (\({\rho}^\prime\)ab,\({c}\)sab\({t}^\prime\)ab) as the outward manifestation of the latter, evolve from a flat `four-dimensional' absolute metric spacetime (\(\hat{\mathbb{E}}^3\),\(\hat{c}_s\)\(\hat{t}\)) and its underlying flat `two-dimensional' absolute intrinsic metric spacetime (\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{\rho}\),\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{c}_s\)\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{t}\)), in all finite neighborhood of the source of a long-range metric force field. The flat four-dimensional relative proper metric spacetime (\(\varnothing{\mathbb{E}}^\prime\)3, \({c}_s\)\(t^\prime)\) and its underlying flat two-dimensional relative proper intrinsic metric spacetime (\(\varnothing\)\({\rho}^\prime\),\(\varnothing\)c\(_s\)\(\varnothing\)\({t}^\prime\)), remain unchanged within the field. The geometry is valid with respect to 3-observers located in the relative proper Euclidean 3-space \({\mathbb{E}}^\prime\)3.
A pair of absolute intrinsic metric tensor equations derived on the curved (\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{\rho}\),\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{c}_s\)\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{t}\)) are solved algebraically to obtain the absolute intrinsic metric tensor and absolute intrinsic Ricci tensor on the curved (\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{\rho}\),\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{c}_s\)\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{t}\)) in terms of an isolated absolute intrinsic geometrical parameter, referred to as absolute intrinsic `static flow' speed, which the source of a long-range absolute intrinsic metric force field causes to be established on the extended curved (\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{\rho}\),\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{c}_s\)\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{t}\)) from its location. This third part of this paper is the conclusion of the development of absolute intrinsic Riemann geometry on the curved `two-dimensional' (\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{\rho}\),\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{c}_s\)\(\varnothing\)\(\hat{t}\)) at the first stage of evolutions of spacetime and intrinsic spacetime in long-range metric force fields, started in the first and second parts. The first stage shows up as a numerical evolution. Extension to the second stage shall be done in the fourth and final part of this paper. Particularization to the gravitational field shall then follow in another article.
Automating Materials Exploration with a Semantic Knowledge Graph for Li‐Ion Battery Cathodes
Authors: Nie Zhiwei , Zheng Shisheng , Liu Yuanji , Chen Zhefeng , Li Shunning , Lei Kai , Pan Feng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe recent marriage of materials science and artificial intelligence has created the need to extract and collate materials information from the tremendous backlog of academic publications. However, this is notoriously hard to achieve in sophisticated application domains, such as Li‐ion battery (LIB) cathodes, which require multiple variables for materials selection, making it challenging to automatically identify the critical terms in the text. Herein, a semantics representation framework, featuring a dual‐attention module that refines word embeddings through multi‐source information fusion, is proposed for literature mining of LIB cathodes. The word embeddings thus produced are biased toward domain‐specific knowledge and can enable the detection of deep‐seated associations among materials for targeted applications. Based on this framework, we establish a semantic knowledge graph dedicated to LIB cathodes, which allows us to unravel the latent materials relationships from scientific literature and even to discover candidate materials not yet exploited as cathodes before. This work provides a long‐sought path to the realization of text‐mining‐based knowledge management for complicated materials systems with little dependence on domain expertise.
Effect of Moisture Exchange Caused by Low‐Temperature Annealing on Device Characteristics and Instability in InSnZnO Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Chen Zhiying , Zhang Meng , Deng Sunbin , Jiang Zhendong , Yan Yan , Han Suting , Zhou Ye , Wong Man , Kwok Hoi‐Sing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThin‐film transistors (TFTs) in practical operations are inevitably impacted by moisture and temperature. An investigation on the joint effect of environmental moisture and working temperature on device characteristics and instability is becoming necessary. However, few related studies have been performed. In this work, a low‐temperature (LT) annealing in air is proposed to simulate the working conditions of TFTs in display applications. The effect of moisture exchange caused by LT annealing on device characteristics and instability of InSnZnO (ITZO) TFTs is systematically investigated. Combined with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, TCAD design simulation, and the measurement of relative humidity (RH) change on the device surface, a model considering water diffusion and water ionization is proposed. The negative shift of the transfer curve is attributed to the extra electrons released from the water ionization and the positive‐bias‐stress‐induced instability is mainly attributed to the generation of interstitial/substitutional hydrogens and aggregation of hydrogen ions at the backchannel. The temperature and the RH on the device surface jointly determine the moisture diffusion direction. Furthermore, the model is verified by an LT vacuum annealing. The results and the model will be beneficial for the further reliable design of ITZO TFTs in commercial applications.
A Highly Sensitive CRISPR‐Empowered Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Diagnosis of Inherited Diseases with Femtomolar‐Level Real‐Time Quantification
Authors: Zheng Fei , Chen Zhi , Li Jingfeng , Wu Rui , Zhang Bin , Nie Guohui , Xie Zhongjian , Zhang Han 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) molecular system has emerged as a promising technology for the detection of nucleic acids. Herein, the development of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor that is functionalized with a layer of locally grown graphdiyne film, achieving excellent sensing performance when coupled with catalytically deactivated CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (dCas9), is reported. dCas9 protein is immobilized on the sensor surface and complexed with a specific single‐guide RNA, enabling the amplification‐free detection of target sequences within genomic DNA. The sensor, termed CRISPR‐SPR‐Chip, is used to successfully analyze recombinant plasmids with only three‐base mutations with a limit of detection as low as 1.3 fM. Real‐time monitoring CRISPR‐SPR‐Chip is used to analyze clinical samples of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy with two exon deletions, which are detected without any pre‐amplification step, yielding significantly positive results within 5 min. The ability of this novel CRISPR‐empowered SPR (CRISPR‐eSPR) sensing platform to rapidly, precisely, sensitively, and specifically detect a target gene sequence provides a new on‐chip optic approach for clinical gene analysis.
Plaque‐Targeted Rapamycin Spherical Nucleic Acids for Synergistic Atherosclerosis Treatment
Authors: Guo Yuanyuan , Qin Jingcan , Zhao Qianqian , Yang Jiapei , Wei Xiaoer , Huang Yu , Xie Miao , Zhang Chuan , Li Yuehua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAtherosclerosis with unstable plaques is the dominant pathological basis of lethal cardio‐cerebrovascular diseases, which can cause acute death due to the rupture of plaques. Plaque‐targeted drug delivery to achieve promoted treatment remains the main challenge because of the systemic occurrence of atheroma. Herein, a rapamycin (RAP) spherical nucleic acid (SNA) structure, capable of specifically accumulating in plaques for synergistic atherosclerosis treatment is constructed. By designing consecutive phosphorothioate (PS) at 3’ terminus of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strand, multiple hydrophobic RAPs are covalently grafted onto the PS segment to form an amphiphilic drug‐grafted DNA (RAP‐DNA), which successively self‐assembles into micellar SNA (RAP‐SNA). Moreover, the phosphodiester‐DNA segment constitutes the outer shell of RAP‐SNA, enabling further hybridization with functional siRNA (targeting lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1, LOX‐1) to obtain the drug codelivered SNA (LOX‐1/RAP‐SNA). With two active ingredients inside, LOX‐1/RAP‐SNA can not only induce robust autophagy and decrease the evil apoptosis of the pathological macrophages, but also simultaneously prohibit the LOX‐1‐mediated formation of damageable foam cells, realizing the effect of synergistic therapy. As a result, the LOX‐1/RAP‐SNA significantly reduces the progression of atheroma and stabilizes the plaques, providing a new strategy for synergistically targeted atherosclerosis treatment.
Cytotoxicity of Metal‐Based Nanoparticles: From Mechanisms and Methods of Evaluation to Pathological Manifestations
Authors: Xiong Peizheng , Huang Xiangming , Ye Naijing , Lu Qunwen , Zhang Gang , Peng Shunlin , Wang Hongbo , Liu Yiyao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMetal‐based nanoparticles (NPs) are particularly important tools in tissue engineering‐, drug carrier‐, interventional therapy‐, and biobased technologies. However, their complex and varied migration and transformation pathways, as well as their continuous accumulation in closed biological systems, cause various unpredictable toxic effects that threaten human and ecosystem health. Considerable experimental and theoretical efforts have been made toward understanding these cytotoxic effects, though more research on metal‐based NPs integrated with clinical medicine is required. This review summarizes the mechanisms and evaluation methods of cytotoxicity and provides an in‐depth analysis of the typical effects generated in the nervous, immune, reproductive, and genetic systems. In addition, the challenges and opportunities are discussed to enhance future investigations on safer metal‐based NPs for practical commercial adoption.
What should we teach? A human‐centered data science graduate curriculum model design for iField schools
Authors: Wu Dan , Xu Hao , Sun Yaqi , Lv Siyu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe information schools, also referred to as iField schools, are leaders in data science education. This study aims to develop a data science graduate curriculum model from an information science perspective to support iField schools in developing data science graduate education. In June 2020, information about 96 data science graduate programs from iField schools worldwide was collected and analyzed using a mixed research method based on inductive content analysis. A wide range of data science competencies and skills development and 12 knowledge topics covered by the curriculum were obtained. The humanistic model is further taken as the theoretical and methodological basis for course model construction, and 12 course knowledge topics are reconstructed into 4 course modules, including (a) data‐driven methods and techniques; (b) domain knowledge; (c) legal, moral, and ethical aspects of data; and (d) shaping and developing personal traits, and human‐centered data science graduate curriculum model is formed. At the end of the study, the wide application prospect of this model is discussed.
Information organization and representation in digital cultural heritage in Brazil: Systematic mapping of information infrastructure in digital collections for data science applications
Authors: Martins Dalton Lopes , Lemos Daniela Lucas da Silva , de Oliveira Luis Felipe Rosa , Siqueira Joyce , do Carmo Danielle , Medeiros Vinicius Nunes 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on data science in digital cultural heritage in Brazil, where there is a lack of systematized information and curated databases for the integrated organization of documentary knowledge. Thus, the aim was to systematically map the different forms of information organization and representation applied to objects from collections belonging to institutions affiliated with the federal government's Special Department of Culture. This diagnosis is then used to discuss the requirements of devising strategies that favor a better data science information infrastructure to reuse information on Brazil's cultural heritage. Content analysis was used to identify analytical categories and obtain a broader understanding of the documentary sources of these institutions in order to extract, analyze, and interpret the data involved. A total of 215 hyperlinks that can be considered cultural collections of the institutions studied were identified, representing 2,537,921 cultural heritage items. The results show that the online publication of Brazil's digital cultural heritage is limited in terms of technology, copyright licensing, and established information organization practices. This paper provides a conceptual and analytical view to discuss the requirements for formulating strategies aimed at building a data science information infrastructure of Brazilian digital cultural collections that serves as future projects.
Recent Progress in Small‐Molecule Fluorescence and Photoacoustic Dual‐Modal Probes for the In‐Vivo Detection of Bioactive Molecules
Authors: Zhou Yongqing , Zhang Wen , Wang Xin , Li Ping , Tang Bo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntracellular bioactive molecules are essential for the maintenance of homeostasis in living organisms. Abnormal levels of them are closely related to the occurrence and development of some diseases. Hence, the direct and accurate visualization of these bioactive molecules is of vital importance for exploring their pathological roles. However, the low‐content, short‐lived, and widely distributed properties of bioactive molecules impede the comprehensive analysis of them dramatically. Fluorescence and photoacoustic dual‐mode imaging technology provides a new solution to the above issue. Specifically, the combination of fluorescence and photoacoustic, which possesses the advantages of high resolution and in‐depth tissue analysis, enables a more in‐depth and systematic exploration of the pathogenic mechanisms of bioactive molecules. Moreover, due to the structural tailorability of small molecule probes, numerous small molecule dual‐mode probes have been developed to meet the demand for real‐time tracking and visualization of bioactive molecules in living cells or in vivo. Hence, in this review, we briefly summarize the key advances in small molecule fluorescence and photoacoustic dual‐modal probes within recent years (2015–2021). A particular focus is placed on the design strategies and biological applications of probes for the detection of various bioactive molecules in vivo. Furthermore, the challenges and further prospects in this hot field are highlighted.
Young convalescent COVID‐19 pneumonia with extensive pneumomediastinum emphysema: Case report
Authors: Jagosz Marta , Guzik Wiktoria , Moczała Łukasz , Rydel Mateusz , Misiołek Hanna , Białka Szymon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe development of the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic caused a common appearance of severe pulmonary complications, rarely seen as a result of the other infections. These are pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, emphysematous bullae, cavitary lung lesions, or subcutaneous emphysema. Their formation is influenced by both—the natural course of the disease and the treatment strategy adopted.
Crystal Structures of Iron‐Based Oxides and Their Catalytic Efficiencies for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction: A Trend in Alkaline Media
Authors: Sugawara Yuuki , Ueno Satomi , Kamata Keigo , Yamaguchi Takeo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture are the groups of Prof. Takeo Yamaguchi and Prof. Keigo Kamata at Tokyo Institute of Technology. The cover picture illustrates the data‐driven investigation of the trend in the crystal structures of iron‐based oxides and their electrocatalysis on the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The investigation using 24 kinds of iron‐based oxides concluded that the OER efficiency on iron‐based oxides was uniquely determined by the Fe–O bond length in the bulk crystals of the materials. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202101679.
Computer assisted diagnosis of bipolar disorder using invariant features
Authors: Ganasigamony Wiselin Jiji , Antony Arul Selvaraj Muthuraj 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the study, a supervised learning framework is focused to identify the bipolar disorder (BD) using structural magnetic resonance imaging is focused. The work is based on the newly developed 3D SIFT and 3D SURF feature vectors with pattern recognition technique. The overall hypothesis is to deduct BD results from dysfunctional cellular metabolism within specific brain systems (i.e., anterior limbic brain network) as reflected in abnormalities in brain activation patterns and in specific neurochemical measures. The proposed method is used to integrate neuroimaging in exploring the biomarkers of BD to reveal the mechanism. In the method, two newly developed feature vectors and kernel PCA are combined or connected to project the feature vectors. Diagnosis process is done by random forest. The results reveal that the method has high potential to identify the BD than earlier works, and an average accuracy of 77.77% is reached. This research reveals that neuroimaging studies will help to differentiate BD from healthy controls.
Fundamentals of Cr and Fe Atomic Defects Formation in Nonstoichiometric ZnS Crystals for Infrared Lasers
Authors: Potapova Ksenia A. , Zykova Marina P. , Avetisov Roman I. , Avetissov Igor Сh. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUsing the method of graphical thermodynamics and information about T‐X projections of binary and quasi‐binary systems, 76 isothermal cross‐sections are constructed in the temperature range 300–2500 K for the Zn‐S‐Fe system and 75 isothermal cross‐sections in the temperature range 300–2700 K for the Zn‐S‐Cr system from complete melting of the system to the state when the liquid phase in the entire concentration triangle has ceased to exist. The monovariant equilibria of the Zn‐S‐Fe/Cr ternary systems are studied by high‐temperature annealing in silica ampoules followed by quenching. The synthesized samples are investigated using X‐ray diffraction analysis, which confirms the presence of phases participating in these equilibria and the correctness of the constructed cross‐sections. In the ternary systems under study, it is assumed that there are 18 nonvariant and 39 monovariant equilibria for the Zn‐S‐Fe system, 35 nonvariant and 45 monovariant equilibria for the Zn‐S‐Cr system. The information obtained can be used to improve the technology of IR lasers based on active elements ZnS:Cr and ZnS:Fe.