bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microenvironmental engineering improves the self-organization of patterned microvascular networks
Authors: Cabral Katelyn A. , Srivastava Vasudha , Coyle Maxwell C. , Stashko Connor , Weaver Valerie , Gartner Zev J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe construction of three-dimensional (3D) microvascular networks with defined structures remains challenging. Emerging bioprinting strategies provide a means of patterning endothelial cells (ECs) into the geometry of 3D microvascular networks, but the microenvironmental cues necessary to promote their self-organization into cohesive and perfusable microvessels are unknown. To this end, we reconstituted microvessel formation in vitro by patterning thin lines of closely packed ECs fully embedded within a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) and observed how different microenvironmental parameters influenced EC behaviors and their self-organization into microvessels. We found that the inclusion of fibrillar matrices, such as collagen I, into the ECM positively influenced cell condensation into extended geometries such as cords. We also identified the presence of a high molecular weight protein(s) in fetal bovine serum (FBS) that negatively influenced EC condensation. This component destabilized cord structure by promoting cell protrusions and destabilizing cell-cell adhesions. Endothelial cords cultured in the presence of fibrillar collagen and the absence of this protein activity were able to polarize, lumenize, incorporate mural cells, and support fluid flow. These optimized conditions allowed for the construction of branched and perfusable microvascular networks directly from patterned cells in as little as three days. These findings reveal important design principles for future microvascular engineering efforts based on bioprinting techniques.
An Ultralong Bovine CDRH3 that Targets a Conserved, Cryptic Epitope on SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Burke Matthew J. , Scott James N.F. , Minshull Thomas , Stockley Peter G. , Calabrese Antonio N. , Boyes Joan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe ability of broadly neutralising antibodies to target conserved epitopes gives them huge potential as antibody-based therapeutics, particularly in the face of constant viral antigen evolution. Certain bovine antibodies are highly adept at binding conserved, glycosylated epitopes, courtesy of their ultralong complementarity determining region (CDR)H3. Here, we used a SARS-naïve, bovine ultralong CDRH3 library and mammalian cell display, to isolate a bovine paratope that engages the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD). This neutralises viruses pseudo-typed with SARS-CoV Spike protein but not by competition with RBD binding to ACE2. Instead, using differential hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry and site-directed mutagenesis, we demonstrate that this ultralong CDRH3 recognises a rarely identified, conserved, cryptic epitope that overlaps the target of pan-sarbecovirus antibodies (7D6/6D6). The epitope is glycan-shielded and becomes accessible only transiently via inter-domain movements. This represents the first bovine anti-sarbecovirus paratope and highlights the power of this approach in identifying novel tools to combat emerging pathogens.
The campaign strategies of the pro-Beijing and pro-democracy parties under the proportional representation system in Hong Kong before 2019
Authors: Chan Fung 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the strategies employed by the pro-Beijing and pro-democracy camps in the proportional representation system which was used to universally elect a half of the seats in the Legislative Council (LegCo) of Hong Kong before 2019. It provides the consequences of proportional representation over the political sphere development after the handover.Design/methodology/approachThis research is based on the past election results and the interviews conducted with 18 LegCo members in 2018.FindingsThis paper examines how the political parties split their lists in order to win more seats with the past electoral outcomes. Coupled with firsthand materials from interviews with the legislators, the most significant part of this article analyzes why the pro-Beijing camp performed better than the pro-democracy camp. It supplements the gap of current literature from the perspective of campaign strategies. This article also points out the Chinese authorities' miscalculation in the 1990s which resulted in the unintentional creation of fragmented politics and filibusters before 2019.Originality/valueThis examines the development of campaign strategies of the pro-Beijing and pro-democracy camps, and it explains how the proportional representation caused the fragmented politics in Hong Kong.
The value of data from construction project site meeting minutes in predicting project duration
Authors: van Niekerk Jaques , Wium Jan , de Koker Nico 
Published: April 2022

PurposeConstruction projects generate large volumes of data which can be used for better management of projects. In this paper, key project data is manually extracted from project site meeting minutes. Knowledge discovery technologies are then used to predict the final project duration of active projects.Design/methodology/approachProject planning and effective leadership/governance were identified from literature as the most significant factors that impact the duration of projects. These factors were hence considered as the main features for a data mining process. Items supporting these factors were extracted from site meeting minutes to create a database of 27 civil engineering projects executed over the last ten years. Data mining algorithms were used to predict from this data whether or not an active project will be completed on time.FindingsThe research showed that information from project site meetings can be used to predict final project duration of active projects with accuracy of above 80% when using random forest algorithms from Orange and RapidMiner data mining applications. The value of data to predict project duration from project site meeting minutes is demonstrated but it only becomes practically useable if the format of minutes is suitably standardised.Practical implicationsSome of the data mining algorithms provided accuracies of above 80% in predicting final project duration and proved the value of project data from site meeting minutes. The random forest algorithms are particularly suited to this type of data. The factors with the highest impact on the prediction of the project duration are those related to the progress of the project.Originality/valueThis study for the first time shows that data from site meeting minutes of past and current projects can be used to make accurate predictions of final project duration of active projects and serve as a project management tool to activate remedial measures.
A comparative analysis of corporate social responsibility development in the USA and China
Authors: Bu Maoliang , Rotchadl Steven , Bu Mengmeng 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to conduct a comparative study between the historical development of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in both the USA and China. It is motivated by the phenomenon that CSR is developing in two different directions (global vs local).

Design/methodology/approach
A comparative study on sustainability-linked compensation illustrates how CSR in the USA is driven by firm-level economic decisions, in which the manifestations of CSR are usually those which prove to be the most profitable financially. Moreover, a case analysis on the green bond market in China contrarily illustrates how CSR in China is usually based more on alignment with top-down, state-led initiatives in which the state directs the ways in which CSR is manifested.

Findings
This paper reveals that despite globalizing trends are attempting to unify definitions of CSR, they inevitably become localized to fit the societal needs in which they are located.

Originality/value
By understanding how CSR development in these two countries has changed over time, this paper shows that future developments in CSR will likely be influenced more by local practices than by converging global forces.
National customer orientation: a framework, propositions and agenda for future research
Authors: Mintz Ofer , Currim Imran S. , Deshpandé Rohit 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a new country-level construct, national customer orientation, to provide a benchmark for global headquartered managers’ decisions and scholars investigating cross-national research.

Design/methodology/approach
A conceptual framework and unique propositions are developed that focus on how one macro-economic driver, e.g. the wealth of a country, and one macro-marketing driver, e.g. customer price sensitivity, affect national customer orientation during and after global economic downturns such as recessions and a pandemic.

Findings
An agenda setting section proposes distinct theoretical, empirical and managerial themes for future research aimed at testing the propositions at the country and organization levels over time.

Research limitations/implications
Although the new construct offers substantial benefits for scholars and managers, current measures of national customer orientation are limited to data provided by the World Economic Forum or expensive primary survey-based research that restrict the number of countries, respondents and time periods.

Practical implications
The new national-level customer orientation construct and propositions about its drivers over time promise to provide global managers a country-level customer-based benchmark so that they can better understand, set expectations and manage customer orientation across different countries over time.

Originality/value
Research on market and customer orientation is consistently designated a priority by academics and practitioners. However, most previous studies exclusively focus at the micro organizational-level, with less known on how customer orientation varies at the macro country-level and over time.
Comparative analysis of the lattice Boltzmann method and the finite difference technique of thermal convection in closed domains with heaters
Authors: Gibanov Nikita Sergeevich , Rashidi Mohammad Mehdi , Sheremet Mikhail 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate numerically thermal convection heat transfer in closed square and cubical cavities with local energy sources of various geometric shapes.

Design/methodology/approach
The analyzed regions are square and cubical cavities with two isothermally cold opposite vertical walls, whereas other walls are adiabatic. A local energy element of rectangular, trapezoidal or triangular shape is placed on the lower surface of the cabinet. The lattice Boltzmann technique has been used as the main method for the problem solution in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) formulations, whereas the finite difference technique with non-primitive parameters such as stream function and vorticity has been also used.

Findings
The velocity and temperature fields for a huge range of Rayleigh number 104–106, as well as for various geometry shapes of the heater have been studied. A comparative analysis of the results obtained on the basis of two numerical techniques for 2D and 3D formulations has been performed. The dependences of the energy transfer strength in the region on the shape of energy source and Rayleigh number have been established. It has been revealed that the triangular shape of the energy source corresponds to the maximum values of the velocity vector and temperature within the cavity, and the rectangular shape corresponds to the minimum values of these mentioned variables. With the growth of the Rayleigh number, the difference in the values of these mentioned variables for rectangular and triangular shapes of heaters also increases.

Originality/value
The originality of this work is to scrutinize the lattice Boltzmann method and finite difference method for the problem of natural convection in 2D and 3D closed chambers with a local heated element.
Influence of customer perceived ethicality on customer loyalty in the banking industry of Pakistan
Authors: Batool Shahina , Panezai Babrak Ali , Baloch Ghulam Jan , Sohail Shamaila 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine empirically the effect of customer perceived ethicality (CPE) on customer loyalty (CL) and further the authors ascertained if customer trust (CT), customer affective commitment (CAC) and customer perceived quality (CPQ) acted as mediating mechanisms linking CPE and CL. This study also tested the influence of CL on customer word of mouth (CWOM).

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, data were collected from 390 customers of banks in Pakistan through a self-administered questionnaire and tested through partial least squares (PLS) with smart PLS 3.2.7 version.

Findings
Research findings provided evidence for the positive relationship between CPE and CL and mediating effects of CT, CAC and CPQ for the CPE–CL linkage. Furthermore, a positive and significant relationship between CL and CWOM was experienced.

Practical implications
This study can help banks to determine the importance of CT, CAC and CPQ, as they can facilitate translating CPE into CL. Furthermore, managers need to effectively communicate about their ethical activities and encourage their customers to share their experiences.

Originality/value
First, this paper has considered the effect of CPE on customer loyalty under research area of corporate service brands. Second, it examines the mediating role of three factors (CT, CAC and CPQ) between CPE and customer loyalty in the banking industry.
Exploring the nature and culture of science as an academic discipline: implications for the integration of education for sustainable development
Authors: Hogan Deirdre , O'Flaherty Joanne 
Published: April 2022

PurposeGoal 4.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) explicitly frames education as an enabler of change and a means to achieve all SDGs. This study aims to explore the nature and culture of science as an academic discipline and its capacity for the integration of education for sustainable development (ESD).Design/methodology/approachDrawing upon interviews with academics working in a Life Sciences Department (n= 11), focus groups with students (n= 21) and observations from lectures, laboratory sessions and field trips, the study advances a number of recommendations for the integration of ESD in Science Education programs.FindingsFindings point to the nature and structure of scientific knowledge and the culture of science as articulated by study participants. The study provides a number of recommendations for the integration of ESD in Science Education programs including a greater emphasis on inquiry-based learning, enhancing ESD themes in science-related modules to teach for sustainability and adopting a department wide strategy that promotes ESD.Originality/valueThis study argues that ESD practitioners need to be cognizant of the nature and culture of the discipline area – as a particular discipline propagates a specific culture – encapsulating ways of being, thinking, acting and communicating, which can have implications for the integration of ESD.
Is brand globalness compatible with brand country-of-origin? An investigation of hybrid brand positioning strategies for emerging market brands
Authors: Hong Ruiyang , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Chun , Hu Zuohao 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate hybrid brand positioning strategies for emerging market brands based on two positioning elements: brand country-of-origin (COO) and brand globalness.Design/methodology/approachResearchers conducted two studies. In Study 1, a survey of 128 brand managers of emerging market brands were used to examine whether asymmetric positioning strategies improve brand preference more than symmetric strategies, and if so, which type of asymmetric strategies improves brand preference more. In Study 2, a consumer experiment in the USA was conducted to identify the positioning strategy for emerging market brands that improve brand preference the most.FindingsFor emerging market brands, at any given value of COO or global elements, asymmetric strategies outperform symmetric strategies in terms of brand preference. On average, the best hybrid positioning strategy is the one that highlights brand COO and de-emphasizes brand globalness.Originality/valueA large body of branding literature examines COO and globalness separately without considering their co-presence in the same brand positioning strategy. Few studies that examine the joint influence of brand COO and globalness focus on established brands from developed markets and do not examine whether highlighting both brand COO and global elements equally is an effective positioning strategy for emerging market brands. This study introduces a framework to systematically examine the various combinations of COO and global elements in a brand’s positioning strategies for emerging market brands. By conducting two studies, the authors empirically test the influence of various combinations of COO and global elements on brand preference for emerging market brands from both firm and consumer perspectives.
The impact of LinkedIn posts on employer brand perception and the mediating effects of employer attractiveness and corporate reputation
Authors: Joglekar Jayesh , Tan Caroline S.L. 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe aim of this study is to identify the relationship between employee-generated content (EGC) and firm-generated content (FGC) in the form of LinkedIn posts, employer brand perception, and the effect of employer's attractiveness and corporate reputation on this relationship.Design/methodology/approachThis study comprises two phases. In phase 1, the focus was on stimuli selection through an online questionnaire on favourability. In phase 2, for the main study, data were gathered through an online survey from 214 information technology (IT) employees via a survey. Multiple linear regression and mediation analyses were conducted.FindingsThe results show that EGC and FGC have a positive influence on employer brand perception, and the relationship is positively mediated by employer attractiveness and corporate reputation. These findings suggest that organizations can strategically use their own as well as employees' LinkedIn accounts, and encourage employee advocacy initiatives to attract new talent, enhance attractiveness and corporate reputation.Originality/valueThe study covers two different categories of content – employer and employee-generated – and examines both content types' influence on employer brand perception. It adds to the body of literature regarding employee branding and paves the way for further research in employee advocacy.
A qualitative exploration of the role of employment in desistance and subsequent identity change – ex-prisoners’ lived experiences
Authors: Rhoden Natasha , Senker Sarah , Glorney Emily 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
In the context of desistance, employment has been described as a contributing factor in the formation of a non-offending identity. This study aims to examine the lived experiences of adult male ex-offenders who had served a custodial sentence in the UK, to explore the potential influence of employment as a desistance-promoting factor in the construction of a new, non-offending identity.

Design/methodology/approach
Interpretative phenomenological analysis was applied to eight semi-structured interview transcripts, up to 12 months after release from prison, from which five themes emerged.

Findings
Findings showed that lawful income through employment is associated with a shift in the values and goals of former prisoners, but only after transformation from an offending identity into a pro-desistance identity had taken place. The early days of prison, soon after induction, were reported as critical to catalyzing identity reconstruction. Once committed to a non-offending identity, desistance was then consolidated by employment and external support.

Practical implications
External support soon after arrival at prison may be useful in helping offenders to develop a non-offending identity. Professionals within the prison service could initiate identity reconstruction strategies in the days immediately following arrival at prison. This was shown to be a potential key phase of reflection for offenders, which could result in life-changing identity reconstruction.

Originality/value
The findings challenge previous research, which suggests that identity change occurs on release from prison or after sourcing regular employment. The application of identity reconstruction strategies, immediately following arrival at prison, might provide a useful approach when supporting the development of a non-offending identity among adult men serving a custodial sentence.
Beliefs about job-seeking strategies: dimensionality, measurement and outcomes
Authors: Horvath Michael , Celin Nicole A. , Murcko Ryan , Bate Brittany P. , Davis Christopher A. 
Published: April 2022

PurposeJob-seeking success relates to engagement with specific job-seeking strategies, so it is important to understand the beliefs that job-seekers have of them. Using multiple methods, this study aims to establish a typology of the beliefs job-seekers have about strategies, create and validate a measure of these beliefs and relate them to job-seeking behavior.Design/methodology/approachIn the first sample, the authors interviewed 77 job-seekers about their job-seeking strategy beliefs. The authors then created a measure and verified its psychometric properties using 396 job-seekers. Finally, using a sample of 628 job-seekers, the authors continued their evaluation of the measure and related strategy beliefs to job-seeker motivation and behavior.FindingsThe authors initially identified 21 beliefs about job-seeking strategies. The authors ultimately found support for 15 dimensions, replicating the factor structure across samples. Strategies are perceived to differ on most beliefs, and eight beliefs had unique relationships with job-seeker effort and/or motivation.Practical implicationsThe study results can help organizations and job-seekers increase job-seeking motivation by targeting specific beliefs found to have the strongest relationships with strategy use.Originality/valueThis is the first measure of job-seeking strategy beliefs that generalizes across strategies. Furthermore, the authors establish several beliefs that have the strongest relationships with job-seeking motivation.