bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-light inhibition of two submerged macrophytes in a shallow water experiment
Authors: Yuan Jin-Rui , Bai Zhong-Xi , Ye Shi-Yun , Liu Hui , Wang Yan-Hong , Li Feng , Xie Yong-Hong , Gao An-Guo , Wu Ai-Ping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe negative effects, caused by high light, on algae, terrestrial and marine aquatic plants are well documented; those negative effects on freshwater submerged plants are, however, not well known. We determined the negative effects of two common submerged species, Myriophyllum spicatum and Vallisneria natans, on their growth and reproduction in a shallow water experiment along an irradiance gradient. Our results highlighted that the plant mass, relative growth rate and shoot height of V. natans and M. spicatum, and root mass and root length:root mass of M. spicatum and leaf mass and shoot height:shoot mass of V. natans were significantly negatively affected in shallow water with high-light regime (&gt;50 % of full light). While the ramet number of the two species was stimulated by from 20.0 to 36.4 %, and root length, root:shoot, chlorophyll (a:b), chlorophyll (a + b), leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents of the two studied macrophytes were not significantly impacted by light. Our results indicated that the high-light inhibition of plant growth was greater on the shoots than on the roots of the plants, although these effects were significantly different between the two studied submerged species and among the measured traits. Accordingly, we should avoid negative effects caused by high light to improve the performance of submerged species when we conduct submerged aquatic vegetation restoration programmes in eutrophic lakes.
Isolation of phenolic acids and tannin acids from Mangifera indica L. kernels as inhibitors of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells
Authors: Fujimaki Takahiro , Sato Chikako , Yamamoto Rei , Watanabe Sayo , Fujita Hikaru , Kikuno Hidehiko , Sue Masayuki , Matsushima Yoshitaka 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) kernels are usually discarded as waste, but they contain many pharmacological properties and bioactivities. In this study, we isolated antiobesity agents from mango kernels that inhibit intracellular lipid formation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Two phenolic acids, ethyl gallate and ethyl digallate, and 2 tannin acids, 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (PGG) and 3-O-digalloyl-1,2,4,6-tetra-O-β-d-glucose (HGG), were identified from mango kernels and were found to be suppressed lipid accumulation as evidenced by Oil Red O staining. Furthermore, ethyl digallate, PGG, and HGG significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of adipogenic transcription factors such as C/EBPα and PPARγ. However, ethyl gallate did not affect the expression of these transcription factors. Our findings reveal the presence of antiobesity compounds in mango kernels, implying its therapeutic role against obesity.
Striatal synaptic bioenergetic and autophagic decline in premotor experimental parkinsonism
Authors: Merino-Galán Leyre , Jimenez-Urbieta Haritz , Zamarbide Marta , Rodríguez-Chinchilla Tatiana , Belloso-Iguerategui Arantzazu , Santamaria Enrique , Fernández-Irigoyen Joaquín , Aiastui Ana , Doudnikoff Evelyne , Bézard Erwan , Ouro Alberto , Knafo Shira , Gago Belén , Quiroga-Varela Ana , Rodríguez-Oroz María Cruz 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Synaptic impairment might precede neuronal degeneration in Parkinson’s disease. However, the intimate mechanisms altering synaptic function by the accumulation of presynaptic α-synuclein in striatal dopaminergic terminals before dopaminergic death occurs, have not been elucidated. Our aim is to unravel the sequence of synaptic functional and structural changes preceding symptomatic dopaminergic cell death. As such, we evaluated the temporal sequence of functional and structural changes at striatal synapses before parkinsonian motor features appear in a rat model of progressive dopaminergic death induced by overexpression of the human mutated A53T α-synuclein in the substantia nigra pars compacta, a protein transported to these synapses. Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra proteomics identified deregulated proteins involved first in energy metabolism and later, in vesicle cycling and autophagy. After protein deregulation and when α-synuclein accumulated at striatal synapses, alterations to mitochondrial bioenergetics were observed using a Seahorse XF96 analyser. Sustained dysfunctional mitochondrial bioenergetics was followed by a decrease in the number of dopaminergic terminals, morphological and ultrastructural alterations, and an abnormal accumulation of autophagic/endocytic vesicles inside the remaining dopaminergic fibres was evident by electron microscopy. The total mitochondrial population remained unchanged whereas the number of ultrastructurally damaged mitochondria increases as the pathological process evolved. We also observed ultrastructural signs of plasticity within glutamatergic synapses before the expression of motor abnormalities, such as a reduction in axospinous synapses and an increase in perforated postsynaptic densities. Overall, we found that a synaptic energetic failure and accumulation of dysfunctional organelles occur sequentially at the dopaminergic terminals as the earliest events preceding structural changes and cell death. We also identify key proteins involved in these earliest functional abnormalities that may be modulated and serve as therapeutic targets to counterbalance the degeneration of dopaminergic cells to delay or prevent the development of Parkinson’s disease.
Digital (in-)Visibilities: Spatializing and Visualizing Politics of Voice
Authors: Georgiou Myria 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the conditions of migrant (in-)visibilities in digital mediascapes. Addressing the ambivalent and complex communicative architecture of voice in the context of digitization and migration, it tackles three fundamental questions:
Does digital visibility contest political silencing of the migrant subject? Is the migrant who speaks also heard? And what kind of recognition do digital visibilities allow for and what kind of misrecognition might they hide? Thinking through Arendt’s subjective-in-between (1998), this article reflects on the value of voice beyond its conception as an individual right and as a mediated occasion of appearance.
Association of metabolic acidosis with fractures, falls, protein-calorie malnutrition and failure to thrive in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Mathur Vandana , Reaven Nancy L , Funk Susan E , Whitlock Reid , Ferguson Thomas W , Collister David , Tangri Navdeep 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
The risk of adverse geriatric outcomes such as falls and fractures is high among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Metabolic acidosis is associated with protein catabolism and bone loss in experimental animal and human studies. We sought to quantify the independent association of metabolic acidosis with adverse muscle, bone and functional outcomes in a large US community-based cohort.

Methods
The Optum's de-identified Integrated Claims-Clinical dataset of US patients (2007–2017) was used to generate a cohort of patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD who had estimated glomerular filtration rate &gt;10 to &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and two serum bicarbonate values 12 to &lt;22 mmol/L or 22–29 mmol/L. The primary outcomes were failure to thrive, protein-calorie malnutrition, and fall or fracture. Cox proportional hazards models were used for the primary outcomes for up to 10 years, while logistic regression models were used at 2 years.

Results
A total of 51 558 patients qualified for the study, with a median [Interquartile Range (IQR)] follow-up time of 4.2 (2.5–5.8) years. Over a ≤10-year period, for each 1 mmol/L increase in serum bicarbonate, the hazard ratios (adjusted for age, sex, race, estimated glomerular filtration rate, serum albumin, hemoglobin, diabetes and cardiovascular comorbidities) for failure to thrive, protein-calorie malnutrition and fall or fracture were 0.91 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90–0.92], 0.91 (95% CI: 0.90–0.92) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.95–0.96), all P &lt; 0.001, respectively.

Conclusions
The presence and severity of metabolic acidosis was a significant, independent risk factor for failure to thrive, protein-calorie malnutrition and fall or fracture in this large community cohort of patients with stage 3–5 CKD.
Historical connectivity and environmental filtering jointly determine the freshwater fish assemblages on Taiwan and Hainan Islands of China
Authors: Lin Haoxian , Dai Chao , Yu Hongyin , Tu Jiahao , Yu Jiehua , He Jiekun , Jiang Haisheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe biotas of Taiwan and Hainan Islands are of continental origin, but the manner with which historical and ecological factors shaped these insular species is still unclear. Here, we used freshwater fish as a model to fill this gap by quantifying the phylogenetic structure of the insular faunas and disentangling the relative contribution of potential drivers. Firstly, we used clustering and ordination analyses to identify regional species pools. To test whether the insular freshwater fish faunas were phylogenetically clustered or overdispersed, we calculated the net relatedness index (NRI) and the nearest taxon index (NTI). Finally, we implemented logistic regressions to disentangle the relative importance of species attributes (i.e., maximum body length, climatic niche dissimilarity [ND], and diversification) and historical connectivity (HC) in explaining the insular faunas. Our results showed that the most possible species pools of Taiwan are Zhejiang and Fujian provinces, and those of Hainan are Guangdong and Guangxi provinces. These insular faunas showed random phylogenetic structures in terms of NRI values. According to the NTI values, however, the Taiwanese fauna displayed more phylogenetic clustering, while the Hainanese one was more overdispersed. Both the standard and phylogenetic logistic regressions identified HC and climatic ND as the 2 top explanatory variables for species assemblages on these islands. Our reconstruction of the paleo-connected drainage basins provides insight into how historical processes and ecological factors interact to shape the freshwater fish fauna of the East Asian islands.
Radiation safety for cardiovascular computed tomography imaging in paediatric cardiology: a joint expert consensus document of the EACVI, ESCR, AEPC, and ESPR
Authors: Francone Marco , Gimelli Alessia , Budde Ricardo P J , Caro-Dominguez Pablo , Einstein Andrew J , Gutberlet Matthias , Maurovich-Horvat Pal , Miller Owen , Nagy Eszter , Natale Luigi , Peebles Charles , Petersen Steffen E , Semple Thomas , Valverde Israel , Voges Inga , Secinaro Aurelio , Di Salvo Giovanni 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Children with congenital and acquired heart disease may be exposed to relatively high lifetime cumulative doses of ionizing radiation from necessary medical invasive and non-invasive imaging procedures. Although these imaging procedures are all essential to the care of these complex paediatric population and have contributed to meaningfully improved outcomes in these patients, exposure to ionizing radiation is associated with potential risks, including an increased lifetime attributable risk of cancer. The goal of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive review of radiation dose management and cardiac computed tomography performance in the paediatric population with congenital and acquired heart disease, to encourage informed imaging to achieve indication-appropriate study quality at the lowest achievable dose.
Body weight and physical fitness in women with ischaemic heart disease: does physical fitness contribute to our understanding of the obesity paradox in women?
Authors: Quesada Odayme , Lauzon Marie , Buttle Rae , Wei Janet , Suppogu Nissi , Kelsey Sheryl F , Reis Steven E , Shaw Leslee J , Sopko George , Handberg Eileen , Pepine Carl J , Bairey Merz C Noel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsBody mass index (BMI) defined obesity is paradoxically associated with lower all-cause mortality in patients with known cardiovascular disease. This study aims to determine the role of physical fitness in the obesity paradox in women with ischaemic heart disease (IHD).Methods and ResultsWomen undergoing invasive coronary angiography with signs/symptoms of IHD in the Women’s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) prospective cohort (enrolled 1997–2001) were analysed. This study investigated the longer-term risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality associated with BMI and physical fitness measured by Duke Activity Status Index (DASI). Overweight was defined as BMl ≥25 to 30 kg/m2, obese as BMI ≥30 kg/m2, unfit as DASI scores &lt;25, equivalent to ≤7 metabolic equivalents. Among 899 women, 18.6% were normal BMI-fit, 11.4% overweight-fit, 10.4% obese-fit, 15.3% normal BMI-unfit, 23.8% overweight-unfit, and 30.4% obese-unfit. In adjusted models compared to normal BMI-fit, normal BMI-unfit women had higher MACE risk [hazard ratio (HR) 1.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17–2.32; P = 0.004]; whereas obese-fit and overweight-fit women had lower risk of mortality (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.40–0.89; P = 0.012 and HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.41–0.92; P = 0.018, respectively).ConclusionTo address the paradox of body weight and outcomes in women, we report for the first time that among women with signs/symptoms of IHD overweight-fit and obese-fit were at lower risk of long-term all-cause mortality; whereas normal BMI-unfit were at higher risk of MACE. Physical fitness may contribute to the obesity paradox in women, warranting future studies to better understand associations between body weight, body composition, and physical fitness to improve cardiovascular outcomes in women.
Genome size evolution in the beetle genus Diabrotica
Authors: Lata Dimpal , Coates Brad S , Walden Kimberly K O , Robertson Hugh M , Miller Nicholas J 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Diabrocite corn rootworms are one of the most economically significant pests of maize in the United States and Europe and an emerging model for insect–plant interactions. Genome sizes of several species in the genus Diabrotica were estimated using flow cytometry along with that of Acalymma vittatum as an outgroup. Genome sizes ranged between 1.56 and 1.64 gigabase pairs and between 2.26 and 2.59 Gb, respectively, for the Diabrotica subgroups fucata and virgifera; the Acalymma vittatum genome size was around 1.65 Gb. This result indicated that a substantial increase in genome size occurred in the ancestor of the virgifera group. Further analysis of the fucata group and the virgifera group genome sequencing reads indicated that the genome size difference between the Diabrotica subgroups could be attributed to a higher content of transposable elements, mostly miniature inverted-transposable elements and gypsy-like long terminal repeat retroelements.
Association of Global Cognitive Function With Psychological Distress and Adherence to Public Health Recommendations During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: The Women’s Health Initiative
Authors: Shadyab Aladdin H , Larson Joseph C , Rapp Stephen R , Shumaker Sally A , Kroenke Candyce H , Meliker Jaymie , Saquib Nazmus , Ikramuddin Farha , Michael Yvonne L , Goveas Joseph S , Garcia Lorena , Wactawski-Wende Jean , Luo Juhua , Hayden Kathleen M , Chen Jiu-Chiuan , Weitlauf Julie , Baker Laura D 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
The association of cognitive function with symptoms of psychological distress during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic or adherence to COVID-19 protective health behaviors is not well-understood.

Methods
We examined 2 890 older women from the Women’s Health Initiative cohort. Prepandemic (ie, within 12 months prior to pandemic onset) and peripandemic global cognitive function scores were assessed with the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-m). Anxiety, stress, and depressive symptom severity during the pandemic were assessed using validated questionnaires. We examined adherence to protective behaviors that included safe hygiene, social distancing, mask wearing, and staying home. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, race, ethnicity, education, region of residence, alcohol intake, and comorbidities.

Results
Every 5-point lower prepandemic TICS-m score was associated with 0.33-point mean higher (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20, 0.45) perceived stress and 0.20-point mean higher (95% CI, 0.07, 0.32) depressive symptom severity during the pandemic. Higher depressive symptom severity, but not anxiety or perceived stress, was associated with a 0.69-point (95% CI, −1.13, −0.25) mean decline in TICS-m from the prepandemic to peripandemic period. Every 5-point lower peripandemic TICS-m score was associated with 12% lower odds ratio (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80, 0.97) of practicing safe hygiene.

Conclusions
Among older women, we observed that: (a) lower prepandemic global cognitive function was associated with higher stress and depressive symptom severity during the pandemic; (b) higher depressive symptom severity during the pandemic was associated with cognitive decline; and (c) lower global cognitive function during the pandemic was associated with lower odds of practicing safe hygiene.
Assessing the long-term effects of Basic Medical Insurance on catastrophic health spending in China
Authors: Liu Kai , Liu Wenting , Frank Richard , Lu Chunling 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMany developing countries have implemented social health insurance programmes to protect their citizens against the financial risks of seeking healthcare. While many studies have explored how individual insurance enrolments affect catastrophic health spending (CHS) in the short term, there is a lack of evidence on the long-term macro-level effects of social health insurance on CHS in low- and middle-income countries. This study examines the long-term effects of Basic Medical Insurance (BMI) on individual CHS in China, a middle-income country that has witnessed one of the highest worldwide increases in CHS rates despite its remarkable achievement of universal health insurance coverage. Specifically, we used existing longitudinal data from 1989 to 2015, therein assessing BMI policy effects by constructing two macro-level indicators, including the year of BMI presence at the prefectural level and number of years relative to BMI introduction. We employed a three-level difference-in-differences approach for the estimation. There were two main findings. First, BMI policy did not significantly reduce the probability of incurring CHS for BMI enrollees over time. Years after BMI was introduced, the policy even predicted a significant increase in the probability of incurring CHS for individuals who shifted their enrolments from traditional insurance to BMI. Second, BMI policy had spillover effects on the increase in the probability of incurring CHS for non-BMI individuals a few years after its inception. We believe there are three possible explanations for these findings: (1) shrinking BMI service coverage compared to pre-existing government-funded insurance schemes, (2) a profit-driven hospital reform that induces the overuse of expensive medicines and diagnostic tests and (3) the absence of strategic purchasing among local BMI agencies. We also discuss how relevant policy interventions may alleviate insurance-driven financial risks.
Reduced telomere length in amniocytes: an early biomarker of abnormal fetal development?
Authors: Goumy Carole , Veronese Lauren , Stamm Rodrigue , Domas Quentin , Hadjab Kamil , Gallot Denis , Laurichesse Hélène , Delabaere Amélie , Gouas Laetitia , Salaun Gaelle , Perbel-Richard Céline , Vago Philippe , Tchirkov Andrei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Telomeres protect chromosome ends and control cell division and senescence. During organogenesis, telomeres need to be long enough to ensure the cell proliferation necessary at this stage of development. Previous studies have shown that telomere shortening is associated with growth retardation and congenital malformations. However, these studies were performed in newborns or postnatally, and data on telomere length (TL) during the prenatal period are still very limited. We measured TL using quantitative PCR in amniotic fluid (AF) and chorionic villi (CV) samples from 69 control fetuses with normal ultrasound (52 AF and 17 CV) and 213 fetuses (165 AF and 48 CV) with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) or congenital malformations diagnosed by ultrasound. The samples were collected by amniocentesis at the gestational age (GA) of 25.0 ± 5.4 weeks and by CV biopsy at 18.1 ± 6.3 weeks. In neither sample type was TL influenced by GA or fetal sex. In AF, a comparison of abnormal versus normal fetuses showed a significant telomere shortening in cases of IUGR (reduction of 34%, P &lt; 10−6), single (29%, P &lt; 10−6) and multiple (44%, P &lt; 10−6) malformations. Similar TL shortening was also observed in CV from abnormal fetuses but to a lesser extent (25%, P = 0.0002; 18%, P = 0.016; 20%, P = 0.004, respectively). Telomere shortening was more pronounced in cases of multiple congenital anomalies than in fetuses with a single malformation, suggesting a correlation between TL and the severity of fetal phenotype. Thus, TL measurement in fetal samples during pregnancy could provide a novel predictive marker of pathological development.
Understanding perspectives and barriers that affect fishers’ responses to bycatch reduction technologies
Authors: Suuronen Petri 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Reducing the capture of non-target species and juvenile fishes through a variety of gear modifications and bycatch reduction devices are presumed to provide long-term biological and socioeconomic benefits and improve the reputation of fisheries. The adoption of these technologies by fisheries, however, has been low compared to research and development efforts. Research has focused on technical design and catch rate responses to these technological interventions with a limited focus on assessing fishers’ attitudes towards these technologies. This essay gives a personal reflection, based on an extensive collaboration with fishers, of the perspectives and barriers that may affect their responses. I also provide suggestions on how to genuinely engage fishers in the process that could lead to agreeable solutions. Above all, change should be approached from the perspective of those whose behavior one is seeking to influence, acknowledging the heterogeneity among fisheries and fishers. The essential element for the success is fishers’ motivation and readiness to the change. Fishers need a clear vision of what the changes mean for their livelihood and evidence that the technology to minimize bycatch performs sufficiently well in various conditions.