bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocatalytic One-Carbon Transfer – A Review
Authors: Müller Michael , Germer Philipp , Andexer Jennifer N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis review provides an overview of different C1 building blocks as substrates of enzymes, or part of their cofactors, and the resulting­ functionalized products. There is an emphasis on the broad range of possibilities of biocatalytic one-carbon extensions with C1 sources of different oxidation states. The identification of uncommon biosynthetic strategies, many of which might serve as templates for synthetic or biotechnological applications, towards one-carbon extensions is supported by recent genomic and metabolomic progress and hence we refer principally to literature spanning from 2014 to 2020.1	Introduction2	Methane, Methanol, and Methylamine3	Glycine4	Nitromethane5	SAM and SAM Ylide6	Other C1 Building Blocks7	Formaldehyde and Glyoxylate as Formaldehyde Equivalents8	Cyanide9	Formic Acid10	Formyl-CoA and Oxalyl-CoA11	Carbon Monoxide12	Carbon Dioxide13	Conclusions
A new uniform framework of source attribution in forensic science
Authors: Li Zhihui , Liu Yao , Hu Xiyuan , Wang Guiqiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractScientific principles of forensic source identification have attracted widespread interest in recent years. Among those presented principles and theorems, the Bayes inference was regarded as one of the most scientific principles. In this paper, we argue that the Bayes theorem is in challenge when used as principal basis for forensic source identification. Furthermore, two novel concepts: feature-matching value and feature-matching identification value are proposed inspired by the basic ideas of information theory. Based on these two concepts, a new framework is established to describe the source identification principles of forensic science. The proposed source identification principle uses deduction logic structure, and unifies the three existing source identification paradigms. The newly proposed framework is expected to provide a solid scientific basis for the source attribution methods in forensic science.
A semi-extensive management system reduces plasma testosterone concentrations, sexual behaviour and sperm production in male goats from subtropical latitudes
Authors: García-Cruz O. U. , Tejada L. M. , Flores M. J. , Nava-Rivera L. E. , López-Magaña N. , Hernández H. , Keller M. , Chemineau P. , Santiago-Moreno J. , Delgadillo J. A. 
Published: August 2022

Context In subtropical latitudes, most goats are managed in semi-extensive management systems, eating only available vegetation. Underfeeding is common during the dry season and may reduce the endocrine and sexual activities of male goats. Aims The aim of the study was to determine plasma testosterone concentrations, sexual behaviour and sperm production of male goats kept in a semi-extensive management system for 12 months, from March to February. Methods Control males were placed indoors and were well nourished (n = 5). Experimental males were placed in a flock and grazed daily with females for 7 h, eating only natural vegetation (n = 5). Experimental males were fitted with an apron to prevent mating during the study. Plasma testosterone concentrations were determined every 2 weeks. Sexual behaviour and sperm production were determined in May and June (beginning of breeding season), August and October (middle of season), and November and December (end of season). Key results Plasma testosterone concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) in control than experimental males in June and from August to December. The percentage of males refusing to ejaculate was lower (P < 0.05) in control than experimental males throughout the study. Total number of spermatozoa per ejaculate was higher (P < 0.05) in control than experimental males in May, June, November and December. Sperm progressive motility was higher (P < 0.05) in control than experimental males in May and June and from October to December. Conclusions The results indicate that male goats in a semi-extensive management system have lower plasma testosterone concentrations, sexual behaviour, and sperm quantitative and qualitative production than those in a confined management system. Implications Nutritional supplementation may improve the endocrine and sexual activity of male goats in semi-extensive management systems.
Oropouche orthobunyavirus infection is mediated by the cellular host factor Lrp1
Authors: Schwarz Madeline M. , Price David A. , Ganaie Safder S. , Feng Annie , Mishra Nawneet , Hoehl Ryan M. , Fatma Farheen , Stubbs Sarah H. , Whelan Sean P. J. , Cui Xiaoxia , Egawa Takeshi , Leung Daisy W. , Amarasinghe Gaya K. , Hartman Amy L. 
Published: August 2022

Oropouche orthobunyavirus (OROV;
Peribunyaviridae
) is a mosquito-transmitted virus that causes widespread human febrile illness in South America, with occasional progression to neurologic effects. Host factors mediating the cellular entry of OROV are undefined. Here, we show that OROV uses the host protein low-density lipoprotein–related protein 1 (Lrp1) for efficient cellular infection. Cells from evolutionarily distinct species lacking Lrp1 were less permissive to OROV infection than cells with Lrp1. Treatment of cells with either the high-affinity Lrp1 ligand receptor-associated protein (RAP) or recombinant ectodomain truncations of Lrp1 significantly reduced OROV infection. In addition, chimeric vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) expressing OROV glycoproteins (VSV-OROV) bound to the Lrp1 ectodomain in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrate the biological relevance of the OROV-Lrp1 interaction in a proof-of-concept mouse study in which treatment of mice with RAP at the time of infection reduced tissue viral load and promoted survival from an otherwise lethal infection. These results with OROV, along with the recent finding of Lrp1 as an entry factor for Rift Valley fever virus, highlight the broader significance of Lrp1 in cellular infection by diverse bunyaviruses. Shared strategies for entry, such as the critical function of Lrp1 defined here, provide a foundation for the development of pan-bunyaviral therapeutics.
Muscle degeneration in chronic massive rotator cuff tears of the shoulder: Addressing the real problem using a graphene matrix
Authors: Saveh Shemshaki Nikoo , Kan Ho-Man , Barajaa Mohammed , Otsuka Takayoshi , Lebaschi Amir , Mishra Neha , Nair Lakshmi S. , Laurencin Cato T. 
Published: August 2022

Massive rotator cuff tears (MRCTs) of the shoulder cause disability and pain among the adult population. In chronic injuries, the tendon retraction and subsequently the loss of mechanical load lead to muscle atrophy, fat accumulation, and fibrosis formation over time. The intrinsic repair mechanism of muscle and the successful repair of the torn tendon cannot reverse the muscle degeneration following MRCTs. To address these limitations, we developed an electroconductive matrix by incorporating graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) into aligned poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofibers. This study aimed to understand 1) the effects of GnP matrices on muscle regeneration and inhibition of fat formation in vitro and 2) the ability of GnP matrices to reverse muscle degenerative changes in vivo following an MRCT. The GnP matrix significantly increased myotube formation, which can be attributed to enhanced intracellular calcium ions in myoblasts. Moreover, the GnP matrix suppressed adipogenesis in adipose-derived stem cells. These results supported the clinical effects of the GnP matrix on reducing fat accumulation and muscle atrophy. The histological evaluation showed the potential of the GnP matrix to reverse muscle atrophy, fat accumulation, and fibrosis in both supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles at 24 and 32 wk after the chronic MRCTs of the rat shoulder. The pathological evaluation of internal organs confirmed the long-term biocompatibility of the GnP matrix. We found that reversing muscle degenerative changes improved the morphology and tensile properties of the tendon compared with current surgical techniques. The long-term biocompatibility and the ability of the GnP matrix to treat muscle degeneration are promising for the realization of MRCT healing and regeneration.
Dialogic hypertextuality
Authors: Arnett Ronald C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis essay demarcates between and among schools of dialogue, differentiating relational points of meaning origins. Contrasting dialogic roots constitute distinctions in social meaning and signification. Schools of dialogue embrace the relational interplay of address and response, with exchanges consisting of multiple simultaneous conversations. Their co-presence announces dialogic hypertextuality, which acknowledges and affirms multiple simultaneous conversations and meanings within a given encounter. No single interpreter or meaning captures dialogic existence; meanings push the boundaries of any exchange, before, during, and after. Dialogic exchanges embody multiple discourses that call forth distinctive dimensions of meaning. As one speaks, multiple conversations, inclusive of previous and anticipatory dialogues, shape us. Conversation between and among persons dwells within an existential reality of dialogic hypertextuality.
Numerical study on imaging of magnetic nanoparticles with ultrasound based on saturation magnetization
Authors: Yan Xiaoheng , Li Jun , Xu Hong , Yang Yanju , Lv Jingxiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Imaging of magnetic nanoparticles with ultrasound utilizes ultrasound excitation and electromagnetic receiving. At present, the size of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for the imaging method is required to be no less than 100 nm, which limits its application in human bodies. To overcome the limitation of particle size, imaging of MNPs with ultrasound based on saturation magnetization is proposed. The relationship between the concentration of superparamagnetic pear-shaped MNPs and the induced voltage under saturation magnetization is derived based on the classical Langevin theory of paramagnetism. A 3D simulation model is constructed and numerical research is carried out under the saturated magnetic field provided by the Helmholtz coil. The concentration image is reconstructed by point-by-point scanning. Numerical studies show that the induced voltage is rich in the concentration information of superparamagnetic pear-shaped MNPs, proving the feasibility of the method. The maximum induced voltage, which enhances the imaging effect, occurs under the minimum radius of the detection coil containing the region of interest. MNPs under 20 nm still meet the imaging requirements in the proposed method. This research pushes the imaging of MNPs with ultrasound based on saturation magnetization a further step forward to practical applications in the biomedical field.
Electrical transport properties of nanocrystalline and bulk nickel ferrite using complex impedance spectroscopy: a comparative study
Authors: Paswan Sanjeet Kumar , Pradhan Lagen Kumar , Kumar Pawan , Kumari Suman , Kar Manoranjan , Kumar Lawrence 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this work, the comparative study on the electrical transport properties of nanocrystalline nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) and its bulk counterpart has been carried out in detail by using complex impedance spectroscopy in a wide range of frequencies (100 Hz–1 MHz) and temperatures (40 °C–320 °C). The dispersive nature of the dielectric constant and loss factor is explained by the Maxwell-Wagner model and Koop’s phenomenological theory. The value of the dielectric constant for nanocrystalline nickel ferrite is found to be more as compared to its bulk counterpart. The frequency variation dielectric permittivity is well fitted with the modified Debye formula, which suggests the presence of multiple relaxation processes. The temperature dependent ac conductivity follows Jonscher’s universal power law and reveals the presence of multiple transport mechanisms from small polaron hopping (SPH) to correlated barrier hopping (CBH) mechanism near 200 °C. The estimated values of Mott parameters are found to be satisfactory. Thermally activated relaxation phenomena have been confirmed by scaling curves of imaginary impedance (

Z
″

) and modulus (

M
″

). The comparison between the

Z
″

and

M
″

spectra indicates that both long-range and short-range movement of charge carriers contribute to dielectric relaxation with short-range charge carriers predominating at low temperatures while long-range charge carriers are dominating at high temperatures. Analysis of the semicircular arcs of Nyquist plot indicates the presence of grain boundary contribution to the electrical conduction process for the nanocrystalline sample at high temperatures. The non-Debye type of relaxation has been examined by stretching exponential factor (β) which has been estimated by fitting the modified KWW (Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts) equation to the imaginary electric modulus curve. The value of β is found to be strongly temperature dependent and its value for the nanocrystalline sample is less than that of the bulk system which is explained on the basis of dipole-dipole interaction.
Flavor-alignment in an S
3-symmetric Higgs sector and its RG-behavior*
Authors: Chakrabarty Nabarun , Chakraborty Indrani 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A three Higgs-doublet model exhibiting

-symmetry can predict the observed pattern of quark masses and their mixings. However, the same symmetry also introduces potential flavor-changing neutral currents (FCNCs) at the tree level. In this study, we assume that the scalar potential contains appropriate soft

-breaking terms to maintain flexible choices of scalar masses. We identify the parameters in the Yukawa Lagrangian of the quark sector responsible for such FCNCs and constrain them using data from flavor physics observables, such as meson-decays and meson-mixings. We also validate the corresponding model parameter space via renormalization group evaluation.
Multi-feature computational framework for combined signatures of dementia in underrepresented settings
Authors: Moguilner Sebastian , Birba Agustina , Fittipaldi Sol , Gonzalez-Campo Cecilia , Tagliazucchi Enzo , Reyes Pablo , Matallana Diana , Parra Mario A , Slachevsky Andrea , Farías Gonzalo , Cruzat Josefina , García Adolfo , Eyre Harris A , La Joie Renaud , Rabinovici Gil , Whelan Robert , Ibáñez Agustín 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective. The differential diagnosis of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains challenging in underrepresented, underdiagnosed groups, including Latinos, as advanced biomarkers are rarely available. Recent guidelines for the study of dementia highlight the critical role of biomarkers. Thus, novel cost-effective complementary approaches are required in clinical settings. Approach. We developed a novel framework based on a gradient boosting machine learning classifier, tuned by Bayesian optimization, on a multi-feature multimodal approach (combining demographic, neuropsychological, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and electroencephalography/functional MRI connectivity data) to characterize neurodegeneration using site harmonization and sequential feature selection. We assessed 54 bvFTD and 76 AD patients and 152 healthy controls (HCs) from a Latin American consortium (ReDLat). Main results. The multimodal model yielded high area under the curve classification values (bvFTD patients vs HCs: 0.93 (±0.01); AD patients vs HCs: 0.95 (±0.01); bvFTD vs AD patients: 0.92 (±0.01)). The feature selection approach successfully filtered non-informative multimodal markers (from thousands to dozens). Results. Proved robust against multimodal heterogeneity, sociodemographic variability, and missing data. Significance. The model accurately identified dementia subtypes using measures readily available in underrepresented settings, with a similar performance than advanced biomarkers. This approach, if confirmed and replicated, may potentially complement clinical assessments in developing countries.
CoCoA: conditional correlation models with association size
Authors: Tu Danni , Mahony Bridget , Moore Tyler M , Bertolero Maxwell A , Alexander-Bloch Aaron F , Gur Ruben , Bassett Dani S , Satterthwaite Theodore D , Raznahan Armin , Shinohara Russell T 
Published: August 2022

Summary
Many scientific questions can be formulated as hypotheses about conditional correlations. For instance, in tests of cognitive and physical performance, the trade-off between speed and accuracy motivates study of the two variables together. A natural question is whether speed–accuracy coupling depends on other variables, such as sustained attention. Classical regression techniques, which posit models in terms of covariates and outcomes, are insufficient to investigate the effect of a third variable on the symmetric relationship between speed and accuracy. In response, we propose a conditional correlation model with association size, a likelihood-based statistical framework to estimate the conditional correlation between speed and accuracy as a function of additional variables. We propose novel measures of the association size, which are analogous to effect sizes on the correlation scale while adjusting for confound variables. In simulation studies, we compare likelihood-based estimators of conditional correlation to semiparametric estimators adapted from genomic studies and find that the former achieves lower bias and variance under both ideal settings and model assumption misspecification. Using neurocognitive data from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort, we demonstrate that greater sustained attention is associated with stronger speed–accuracy coupling in a complex reasoning task while controlling for age. By highlighting conditional correlations as the outcome of interest, our model provides complementary insights to traditional regression modeling and partitioned correlation analyses.
An algorithm for updating betweenness centrality scores of all vertices in a graph upon deletion of a single edge
Authors: Satotani Yoshiki , Migita Tsuyoshi , Takahashi Norikazu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBetweenness centrality (BC) is a measure of the importance of a vertex in a graph, which is defined using the number of the shortest paths passing through the vertex. Brandes proposed an efficient algorithm for computing the BC scores of all vertices in a graph, which accumulates pair dependencies while traversing single-source shortest paths. Although this algorithm works well on static graphs, its direct application to dynamic graphs takes a huge amount of computation time because the BC scores must be computed from scratch every time the structure of graph changes. Therefore, various algorithms for updating the BC scores of all vertices have been developed so far. In this article, we propose a novel algorithm for updating the BC scores of all vertices in a graph upon deletion of a single edge. We also show the validity and efficiency of the proposed algorithm through theoretical analysis and experiments using various graphs obtained from synthetic and real networks.
COVID-19 and the Impact on School-Based Mental Health Professionals
Authors: Knipp Hannah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In March of 2020, many school systems transitioned to fully virtual platforms in an attempt to stop the spread of COVID-19. In the following months, schools remained online, transitioned to hybrid (partially online, partially in-person) models, or reopened completely. School-based mental health professionals (SBMHPs) remained responsible for meeting the mental health needs of students in the school system, regardless of the setting. This study sought to find out how COVID-19 and the subsequent changes in school setting have impacted SBMHPs. Through ethnographic observations of a nonprofit providing school-based mental health services as well as qualitative interviews with SBMHPs, this study uncovered a range of impacts. SBMHPs experienced an increase in demand for support with meeting basic needs and improving attendance and academics. Further, SBMHPs continued to provide counseling and crisis response services; however, these services had to be significantly adapted for each unique school setting (virtual, hybrid, and in-person). Despite these significant role changes, SBMHPs were adaptive and continued to meet the needs of students.
Evolution of personality and locomotory performance traits during a late Pleistocene island colonization in a tree frog
Authors: Bisconti Roberta , Carere Claudio , Costantini David , Liparoto Anita , Chiocchio Andrea , Canestrelli Daniele 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent empirical and theoretical studies suggest that personality and locomotory performance traits linked to dispersal abilities are crucial components of the dispersal syndromes, and that they can evolve during range expansions and colonization processes. Island colonization is one of the best characterized processes in dispersal biogeography, and its implication in the evolution of phenotypic traits has been investigated over a wide range of temporal scales. However, the effect of island colonization on personality and performance traits of natural populations, and how these traits could drive island colonization, has been little explored. Noteworthy, no studies have addressed these processes in the context of late Pleistocene range expansions. Here, we investigated the contribution of island colonization triggered by postglacial range expansions to intraspecific variation in personality and locomotory performance traits. We compared boldness, exploration, jumping performance, and stickiness abilities in populations from 3 equidistant areas of the Tyrrhenian tree frog Hyla sarda, 2 from the main island (Corsica Island), and 1 from the recently colonized island of Elba. Individuals from Elba were significantly bolder than individuals from Corsica, as they emerged sooner from a shelter (P = 0.028), while individuals from Corsica showed markedly higher jumping and stickiness performance (both P &lt; 0.001), resulting as more performing than those of Elba. We discuss these results in the context of the major microevolutionary processes at play during range expansion, including selection, spatial sorting, founder effects, and their possible interaction with local adaptation processes.
Diverticular disease in a pediatric patient with Crohn’s disease mimicking a perforated post-appendectomy appendiceal stump
Authors: de Nanassy Joseph , Mack David , Bettolli Marcos , Sergi Consolato M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present the finding of a diverticulum in the colonic wall of the cecum, arising in the context of ileocecal stricture in a child with Crohn disease mimicking a post-appendectomy perforated appendiceal stump. To our knowledge, a non-Meckel diverticulum in a pediatric patient with Crohn disease has not yet been reported and we examine the mechanics behind it. According to the Laplace Law, the pressure inside a container with curved walls is inversely proportional to its radius. A diverticulum forms at the point of maximum stricture and at the locus of least resistance (weakness) in the bowel wall due to the inflammatory bowel disease. The long-time interval between diagnosis of ileocecal stricture and surgery (9 months) is important to allow the formation of this diverticulum. Continued follow-up in adulthood is warranted due to an increased risk of intestinal diverticular disease and neoplasms in patients with Crohn disease.