bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A mixed‐method evaluation of cadaver surgery training for gynecologic oncology
Authors: Tamate Masato , Matsuura Motoki , Kanao Hiroyuki , Saito Tsuyoshi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTraditional surgical training techniques with using patients, and new advances with live animals, artificial models, and simulation methods have several shortcomings. There are a few reports on the usefulness of cadaver surgery training (CST) in gynecology. Herein, we used a mixed‐method evaluation to qualitatively and quantitatively explore the educational efficacy of CST by conducting CST programs at the Sapporo Medical University, Japan.MethodsIn 2020, we conducted two CST programs with 45 participants—13 residents, 8 specialists recognized by Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 23 certified endoscopists recognized by Japan Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics Endoscopy and Minimally Invasive Therapy, 15 specialists recognized by Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology, and 14 certified endoscopists cum oncology. Three participants observed the procedure virtually and 42 were physically present. Laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and pelvic exenteration were performed on five Thiel‐embalmed cadavers. Participants were asked to complete pre‐ and post‐training surveys that included qualitative questions, concerning the purpose and cost of CST, and quantitative questions, testing anatomical knowledge.ResultsWe observed that the rate of score improvement to the quantitative questions increased from 58.6% pre‐CST to 75.6% post‐CST. Furthermore, oncology specialists and those who performed more surgeries and faced more complications during surgeries recorded high percentage of correct answers. Multiple regression analysis statistically confirmed these results.ConclusionsThis study confirmed the educational efficacy of CST.
Good health care for a good life? The case of down syndrome
Authors: van den Driessen Mareeuw Francine A. , Coppus Antonia M. W. , Delnoij Diana M. J. , de Vries Esther 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPeople with Down syndrome have complex health care needs which are not always fully met. Health care improvements are required to better meet these needs. Quality indicators are an important tool for improving health care. However, quality indicators for health care for people with Down syndrome are scarce. Existing quality indicators focus on medical (physical) needs or the clinical setting, even though it is acknowledged that quality measures should reflect the total of quality aspects relevant to the population at stake, which may encompass aspects beyond the medical domain. These aspects beyond the medical domain are the focus of the current paper, which aims to provide insight into the way people with Down syndrome live their lives, how health care may fit in, and how this may impact the development of quality indicators. The paper is based on data originating from interviews with people with Down syndrome and their parents as well as focus groups with support staff members working in assisted living facilities for people with intellectual disability. The data revealed a lot of variation in how people with Down syndrome live their lives. Nevertheless, we were able to identify 11 topics, which we grouped into three overarching themes: (1) Being different yet living a normal life; (2) Down syndrome‐(un)friendly society and services; and (3) family perspective. The variation in our data stresses the importance of health care that takes a person's life into account beyond the medical domain, as exemplified by the identified topics. Our findings also show that a good life is not merely depending on good health care supported by well‐defined quality indicators, but on (support in) all life domains.
Internal promotion and the Bosman ruling: Evidence from the English Premier League
Authors: Radoman Mihailo , Voia Marcel C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe analysis of English Premier League clubs' reliance on internal versus external sources for competitive game‐time opportunities to unproven players is motivated by relevant labour economics literature. Two uniquely created data sets are utilized to establish robust results supporting the notion that certain clubs' youth programmes provide greater first‐team playing time opportunities through internal sources. This information is further used to create a unique index for youth development reputation of the clubs. In addition to this index and the original data set, this paper creates a link between existing internal versus external hiring labour literature and a club's decision to give game‐time opportunities to new players externally or resort to their internal hiring. Foreign sourced players become more prevalent in the league after the Bosman ruling, and their probability of game‐time selection is positively correlated with club stature. Survival analysis results also establishes a presence of heterogeneity at the youth club level that signals differences in player career prospects generated by their youth training, which is supplementary to the number of opportunities given to youth players by these clubs. This model also shows that the Bosman ruling positively impacts the career duration of youth players as opposed to its negative effect on game‐time selection, which signals that even though competitive game‐time opportunities are more limited, the quality of internally sourced players is higher as a result of increased competitive pressures brought upon by the Bosman ruling.
Tobacco leaf tissue rapidly detoxifies direct salt loads without activation of calcium and SOS signaling
Authors: Graus Dorothea , Li Kunkun , Rathje Jan M. , Ding Meiqi , Krischke Markus , Müller Martin J. , Cuin Tracey Ann , Al‐Rasheid Khaled A. S. , Scherzer Sönke , Marten Irene , Konrad Kai R. , Hedrich Rainer 
Published: September 2022

Summary

Salt stress is a major abiotic stress, responsible for declining agricultural productivity. Roots are regarded as hubs for salt detoxification, however, leaf salt concentrations may exceed those of roots. How mature leaves manage acute sodium chloride (NaCl) stress is mostly unknown.

To analyze the mechanisms for NaCl redistribution in leaves, salt was infiltrated into intact tobacco leaves. It initiated pronounced osmotically‐driven leaf movements. Leaf downward movement caused by hydro‐passive turgor loss reached a maximum within 2 h.

Salt‐driven cellular water release was accompanied by a transient change in membrane depolarization but not an increase in cytosolic calcium ion (Ca2+) level. Nonetheless, only half an hour later, the leaves had completely regained turgor. This recovery phase was characterized by an increase in mesophyll cell plasma membrane hydrogen ion (H+) pumping, a salt uptake‐dependent cytosolic alkalization, and a return of the apoplast osmolality to pre‐stress levels. Although, transcript numbers of abscisic acid‐ and Salt Overly Sensitive pathway elements remained unchanged, salt adaptation depended on the vacuolar H+/Na+‐exchanger NHX1.

Altogether, tobacco leaves can detoxify sodium ions (Na+) rapidly even under massive salt loads, based on pre‐established posttranslational settings and NHX1 cation/H+ antiport activity. Unlike roots, signaling and processing of salt stress in tobacco leaves does not depend on Ca2+ signaling.
Paraneoplastic pemphigus associated with Castleman disease: A multicenter case series
Authors: Barry Kelly K. , Plumptre Isabella , Bazewicz Christopher G. , Green Brian P. , Treat James R. , Hughes Meagan , Morel Kimberly D. , Wiss Karen , Liang Marilyn G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionParaneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is a rare, often fatal, autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes. In children, PNP is frequently associated with Castleman disease (CD). This series describes five cases of PNP associated with CD.MethodsData were collected retrospectively from the medical records of patients with a diagnosis of PNP and CD from January 2013 to June 2022. Patients ≤22 years old with clinical and immunopathologic evidence of PNP were included; CD was diagnosed histopathologically.ResultsTwo children, two adolescents, and one young adult (two males, three females) were included. The average age at disease presentation was 11.8 years (range: 7–22 years). Oral (n = 5) and anogenital (n = 3) mucositis were common. Four patients had “unicentric” CD (UCD); one patient had “multicentric” CD (MCD). Castleman tumors were in the retroperitoneum (n = 4) or axilla (n = 1). One patient had myasthenia gravis without thymoma. Three patients had bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). Three patients had complete resection of their CD; two had partial resection. Three patients remain alive with a median follow‐up of 13 months (range: 12 months to 13 years); two are clinically stable with resolution of mucocutaneous lesions; one has persistent BO requiring ongoing ventilatory support. Patients who remain alive had UCD with complete resection; all deceased patients had partial resection and BO.ConclusionMost patients had UCD, and the retroperitoneum was the most common location. Patients with MCD, incomplete resection, and BO died; patients with UCD and complete resection remain alive, even in the setting of BO. Consideration of PNP is critical when pediatric patients present with mucositis as PNP may be clinically indistinguishable from more common causes of mucositis.
A framework to guide research and practice response to emerging infectious diseases: Genomic‐to‐global considerations
Authors: Prescott Stephanie , Schminkey Donna , Abukhalaf Danielle , DeGuzman Pamela , Dreisbach Caitlin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNewly emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), like the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) virus, are becoming increasingly common. Due to geographic, political, social, behavioral, and genomic differences, some populations are more vulnerable to infectious disease spread than others. The purpose of this article is to present a framework for research and practice response to emergent infectious diseases that addresses multiple transdisciplinary actions to limit exposure or mitigate adverse outcomes for individuals and communities. Recent experience with new strains of emergent infectious diseases reinforces the importance of intervening at multiple levels, from genomics to political messaging to create multipronged, transdisciplinary interventions to contain the threat. In particular, incorporation of genomics into public health nursing practice of infectious diseases management can enhance existing regional‐, community‐, and individual‐level health promotion and protection efforts, thus impacting long‐term health outcomes.
State regulation of Nigeria's maritime ports: Exploring the impact of port concession on both the regulator and the operators
Authors: Iwuoha Victor Chidubem , Okafor Nneka Ifeoma , Ifeadike Emmanuel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtant literature neglects the impact of state regulation in a dual structure of port governance by both the government and private terminal operators (via the public‐private partnership). Using the Nigerian experience, this article interrogates the impact of the implementation of Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA) regulatory frameworks on the management of 2006 port concession in the maritime industry. Based on qualitative and content analysis of data, the article argues that poor articulation and implementation of the NPA regulatory frameworks are implicated in the level of port asset management, operational efficiency, quality of port service, compliance capacity of terminal operators, and patronage system in the maritime industry. The terminal operators capitalize on the complications and gaps in the NPA regulatory frameworks to substantially subvert the government's port control and undermine effective port‐asset management in the maritime industry.Related ArticlesAsongu, Simplice A., and Jacinta C. Nwachukwu. 2016. “Law, Politics, and the Quality of Government in Africa.” Politics & Policy 44(5): 916–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12171.Ikeanyibe, Okechukwu Marcellus. 2018. “Bureaucratic Politics and the Implementation of Liberalization Reforms in Nigeria: A Study of the Unbundling and Reorganization of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation.” Politics & Policy 46(2): 263–94. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12249.McNamara, Madeleine W., John C. Morris, and Martin Mayer. 2014. “Expanding the Universe of Multi‐Organizational Arrangements: Contingent Coordination and the Deepwater Horizon Transportation Challenges.” Politics & Policy 42(3): 346–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12073.
The 30th anniversary of hurricane Andrew: Evolution of the Florida homeowners insurance market
Authors: Carrillo Gabriel , Telljohann Dana , Nyce Charles 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHurricane Andrew made landfall in Homestead, Florida as a category 5 hurricane on August 24, 1992. This 30‐year anniversary review examines the changes within the Florida and coastal United States homeowners insurance markets. We review market changes specifically related to market concentration, risk pricing, and volatility. We find that most states have become less concentrated since the early 1990s. We also find that risk pricing has changed since Hurricane Andrew with the creation of a new catastrophe market where insurers rely on catastrophe models to help price catastrophe‐prone risks. Finally, we see that most states did not experience much volatility over the 30 years following Hurricane Andrew, with Florida being an exception. This is most likely due to the large population growth, increase in fraudulent claims, and high litigation costs. Overall, Hurricane Andrew changed how the insurance industry viewed catastrophic events and thus changed how they manage, model, and price catastrophe‐prone areas.
Impact of cultural tightness on vaccination rate
Authors: Jones James , Trombley Timothy E. , Trombley Michael P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe find that cultural tightness, that is, the level of social punishment for violating norms, is associated with lower vaccination rates against COVID‐19 across both states and counties in the United States. This is consistent with individuals in tighter cultures being more likely to base risk management decisions on social norms rather than on advice from experts and leaders. It is also consistent with our documentation of a social norm against COVID‐19 vaccination. This implies that when a society depends on individual action to help manage society‐wide risks, social norms can influence the degree to which individuals in tighter societies will engage in actions that minimize the overall risk to the society.
Effect of Behcet's disease‐associated oral ulcers on oral health related quality of life
Authors: Ali Shereen , Nagieb Clair Sobhy , Fayed Hala Lotfy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThe current study assessed the clinical characteristics of patients suffering from Behcet's disease (BD)‐associated oral ulcers and investigated the effect of these oral ulcers on the oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL).MethodsThis study included BD patients suffering from active oral ulcers, defined by the revised International Criteria for BD (ICBD) criteria. We collected BD and oral ulcers characteristics. The oral ulcer activity index and OHRQoL were measured by composite index (CI) and Oral Health Impact Profile‐14 (OHIP‐14), respectively.ResultsGenital and ocular manifestations were the most frequent. Ocular manifestations were the main diagnostic manifestation. The mean age of BD diagnosis and first oral ulcer appearance were 32.15 ± 8.96 and 29.62 ± 9.04, respectively. Minor oral ulcers were more frequent; solitary or multiple. CI revealed that pain was more severe than functional disability. OHIP‐14 showed that patients suffered more often from pain and difficulties in eating. Patients reported feeling tense, being irritable, doing usual job with difficulty, and having less satisfying life.ConclusionBD‐associated oral ulcers lead to poor quality of life. Female gender, multiple ulcers, and buccal mucosa were associated with more severe pain and functional disability as well as poorer quality of life.
Multi‐omics provides new insights into the domestication and improvement of dark jute (Corchorus olitorius)
Authors: Yang Zemao , Tian Shilin , Li Xiangkong , Dai Zhigang , Yan An , Chen Zhong , Chen Jiquan , Tang Qing , Cheng Chaohua , Xu Ying , Deng Canhui , Liu Chan , Kang Ling , Xie Dongwei , Zhao Jian , Chen Xiaojun , Zhang Xiaoyu , Wu Yupeng , Li Alei , Su Jianguang 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYJute (Corchorus sp.) is the most important bast fiber crop worldwide; however, the mechanisms underlying domestication and improvement remain largely unknown. We performed multi‐omics analysis by integrating de novo sequencing, resequencing, and transcriptomic and epigenetic sequencing to clarify the domestication and improvement of dark jute Corchorus olitorius. We demonstrated that dark jute underwent early domestication and a relatively moderate genetic bottleneck during improvement breeding. A genome‐wide association study of 11 important agronomic traits identified abundant candidate loci. We characterized the selective sweeps in the two breeding stages of jute, prominently, soil salinity differences played an important role in environmental adaptation during domestication, and the strongly selected genes for improvement had an increased frequency of favorable haplotypes. Furthermore, we speculated that an encoding auxin/indole‐3‐acetic acid protein COS07g_00652 could enhance the flexibility and strength of the stem to improve fiber yield. Our study not only provides valuable genetic resources for future fiber breeding in jute, but also is of great significance for reviewing the genetic basis of early crop breeding.
Investigation of a High-Pressure Turbine Stage in a High-Speed Rotating Transient Test Facility for Rotor Tip Study and a Parametric Study for Improved Heat Transfer Calculation
Authors: Singh Deepanshu , Beard Paul F. , Cardwell David , Chana Kam S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The first part of the paper presents commissioning of a single-stage high-pressure (HP) turbine employed in a series of extensive experiments to study the aerodynamics and heat transfer on the rotor surface and casing liner. The Oxford Turbine Research Facility (OTRF), a high-speed rotating transient test facility has the capability to take unsteady aerodynamic and heat transfer measurements at engine representative conditions with a variety of inlet temperature profiles including radial distortion and swirl. A temperature profile survey was conducted at the inlet of the HP nozzle guide vane (NGV). Static and total pressure and temperature measurements have been taken at various locations on the rig including NGV surface, inlet and exit, and rotor exit to establish rig operating conditions. Detailed description of mass flow rate measurements along with calculation of heat loss factor in the rig is presented. The second part of the paper presents a parametric study performed to improve heat transfer measurement calculations from high-frequency response thin-film gauges. The effect of parameters like material properties and thickness of substrate on heat flux has been studied. A detailed uncertainty analysis for heat flux is also presented. A thermal model calibrated with analytical solutions has been developed to optimize thin-film gauge configurations and to study side-conduction effects.
Modal Identification of Bladed Disks by Time–Frequency Analysis of the Nonsynchronous Response
Authors: Carassale Luigi , Guida Roberto , Marrè-Brunenghi Michela 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In some circumstances, it is impossible to exploit resonance crossings to identify the modal properties of rotor disks. In these cases, the identification process must rely on nonsynchronous vibrations and becomes challenging for two reasons. First, the signals are weak (compared to the levels measured during resonance crossings) and random, thus an averaging procedure is necessary. Second, the dynamical system is time-variant due to the variation of the rotor speed. This paper presents a modal identification procedure formulated in the framework of the time–frequency analysis. A region of the time–frequency plane is stretched to map the system into a fictitious linear time-invariant (LTI) system. Then, the power spectral density function (PSD) of the response is computed by an averaging procedure. Finally, the modal properties are estimated through an output-only modal identification algorithm. The procedure is applied to simulated and experimental data regarding a bladed disk of a steam turbine.
Large Eddy Simulation Investigation of Low Rossby Number Buoyant Flow in Rotating Cavities
Authors: Sun Zixiang , Gao Feng , Chew John W. , Amirante Dario 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Flow and heat transfer in axial compressor disk cavities involve strong interaction of axial throughflow at the disk bores with centrifugal buoyant flow in the cavities. This paper presents large eddy simulation (LES) of flow and heat transfer in rotating cavities with a heated shroud and a relatively weak axial cooling throughflow. The conditions considered for a single cavity configuration correspond to Rossby numbers Ro=0.2 and 0.3, rotational Reynolds numbers ReΩ=3.2× 105 and 7.7×105, and buoyancy parameters βΔT=0.24 and 0.26. Reasonable agreement of the results with shroud heat transfer measurements was confirmed for the Ro=0.2 condition for which test data were available. A dual cavity configuration for Ro=0.3 and ReΩ=3.2× 105 is also modeled. The simulations show that, at low Ro conditions, flow reversals occur along the length of the bore flow path, upstream and downstream of the rotating cavities. With the dual cavity strong, unsteady interactions between the flows in the two cavities occur. These flow interactions result in less stable flow structures, higher air temperatures within the cavities and lower shroud and disk heat transfer compared to the single cavity case. FFT analysis reveals a complex phase-locking mechanism between flows in the two cavities.
Preparation and Characterization of Red Mud Modified Chitosan-PVA Composite Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Authors: Murmu Rabiranjan , Roy Debashis , Patra Sarat Chandra , Sutar Harekrushna , Choudhary Bishnu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A novel cost-effective chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-red mud (RM) hybrid membranes are developed and their morphological and physiochemical properties are studied. The addition of RM enhanced IEC and bound water content in composite membranes. The hydroxyl groups are consumed due to the interaction with silica oxides and depleted the crystalline phase of the composites. The tensile strength and modulus of the composite membranes were reduced. The addition of RM improves the thermal stability of the composite membrane and shifts the degradation process to a higher temperature. The RM nanoparticles depleted the hooping sites for methanol transport in the composite membrane and the permeability value reported in the modified membrane was one order lower than the Nafion (N117) membrane. The proton conductivity of the composite membranes is obtained by fitting the EIS data in an equivalent circuit model. The composite membrane provides higher proton conductivity at reduced relative humidity conditions and the proton transport was governed by Grotthus mechanism. The modified membrane provides the maximum power density of 44 mW/cm2 at a current density of 140 mA/cm2. The durability test was conducted at a current density of 0.15 A/cm2 and 70 °C for 144 h to evaluate fuel cell performance and voltage decay. The durability study confirms that the modified membrane provides higher cell stability with marginal drop in cell voltage (1.76%). The reduction of methanol cross-over and the enhancement of membrane selectivity increases power density of the direct methanol fuel cell.