bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors that hinder locomotive syndrome improvement following surgery for musculoskeletal diseases in older patients: A multicentre prospective study
Authors: Kato Satoshi , Demura Satoru , Kabata Tamon , Matsubara Hidenori , Kurokawa Yuki , Okamoto Yoshiyuki , Kuroda Kazunari , Kajino Yoshitomo , Yokogawa Noriaki , Inoue Daisuke , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate preoperative and post-operative locomotive syndrome (LS) in older adults undergoing surgical treatment for musculoskeletal diseases of the lumbar spine and lower extremities and identify risk factors that impede LS improvement after surgery.

Methods
The baseline evaluation included 471 patients 65 years or older [276 in the pre-old-age (65–74 years) group; 195 in the old-age (75 years or older) group] and examined the preoperative and post-operative LS data. The second evaluation performed to identify risk factors, including anthropometric measurements, comorbidity, and frailty, that hinder LS improvement after surgery included 378 patients with preoperative LS Stage 3.

Results
Preoperatively, 80% of the patients had LS Stage 3; this rate decreased to 40% post-operatively. Half of the patients exhibited post-operative LS improvement. The LS improvement rate was higher in the pre-old-age group than in the old-age group. According to the multiple logistic regression analysis, old age, high body mass index, weak hand grip strength, and high 5-factor modified frailty index score were significant risk factors that hinder LS improvement after surgery.

Conclusions
Ageing, obesity, weak muscle strength, and frailty can hinder LS improvement in older patients who undergo surgery.
ABC portal: a single-cell database and web server for blood cells
Authors: Gao Xin , Hong Fang , Hu Zhenyu , Zhang Zilong , Lei Yang , Li Xiaoyun , Cheng Tao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
ABC portal (http://abc.sklehabc.com) is a database and web portal containing 198 single-cell transcriptomic datasets of development, differentiation and disorder of blood/immune cells. All the datasets were re-annotated with a manually curated and unified single-cell reference, especially for the haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. ABC portal provides web-based interactive analysis modules, especially a comprehensive cell-cell communication analysis and disease-related gene signature analysis. Importantly, ABC portal allows customized sample selection based on a combination of several metadata for downstream analysis and comparison analysis across datasets. ABC portal also allows users to select multiple cell types for analysis in the modules. Together, ABC portal provides an interactive interface of single-cell data exploration and re-analysis with customized analysis modules for the researchers and clinicians, and will facilitate understanding of haematopoiesis and blood/immune disorders.
miRNA-23a modulates sodium-hydrogen exchanger 1 expression: studies in medullary thick ascending limb of salt-induced hypertensive rats
Authors: Lombari Patrizia , Mallardo Massimo , Petrazzuolo Oriana , Amruthraj Nagoth Joseph , Fiume Giuseppe , Scanni Roberto , Iervolino Anna , Damiano Sara , Coppola Annapaola , Borriello Margherita , Ingrosso Diego , Perna Alessandra F , Zacchia Miriam , Trepiccione Francesco , Capasso Giovambattista 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe kidney is the main organ in the pathophysiology of essential hypertension. Although most bicarbonate reabsorption occurs in the proximal tubule, the medullary thick ascending limb (mTAL) of the nephron also maintains acid–base balance by contributing to 25% of bicarbonate reabsorption. A crucial element in this regulation is the sodium-hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE1), a ubiquitous membrane protein controlling intracellular pH, where proton extrusion is driven by the inward sodium flux. MicroRNA (miRNA) expression of hypertensive patients significantly differs from that of normotensive subjects. The aim of this study was to determine the functional role of miRNA alterations at the mTAL level.MethodsBy miRNA microarray analysis, we identified miRNA expression profiles in isolated mTALs from high sodium intake–induced hypertensive rats (HSD) versus their normotensive counterparts (NSD). In vitro validation was carried out in rat mTAL cells.ResultsFive miRNAs involved in the onset of salt-sensitive hypertension were identified, including miR-23a, which was bioinformatically predicted to target NHE1 mRNA. Data demonstrated that miRNA-23a is downregulated in the mTAL of HSD rats while NHE1 is upregulated. Consistently, transfection of an miRNA-23a mimic in an mTAL cell line, using a viral vector, resulted in NHE1 downregulation.ConclusionNHE1, a protein involved in sodium reabsorption at the mTAL level and blood pressure regulation, is upregulated in our model. This was due to a downregulation of miRNA-23a. Expression levels of this miRNA are influenced by high sodium intake in the mTALs of rats. The downregulation of miRNA-23a in humans affected by essential hypertension corroborate our data and point to the potential role of miRNA-23a in the regulation of mTAL function following high salt intake.
Atypical Clinical Presentation of Monkeypox Complicated by Myopericarditis
Authors: Tan Darrell H S , Jaeranny Shelby , Li Maggie , Sukhdeo Sharon S , Monge Juan Carlos , Callejas Matias F , Hasso Maan , Fattouh Ramzi , Lalonde Spencer D , Lam Jeffrey , Mishra Sharmistha 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present a case of monkeypox infection in a man presenting with genital and labial ulcers, followed by submandibular lymphadenopathy, fever, and constitutional symptoms. His course was complicated by myopericarditis and an ongoing pleomorphic skin eruption. Viral deoxyribonucleic acid was detected by polymerase chain reaction in skin swabs, nasopharyngeal swab, saliva, and semen.
Adherence to Oral Treatments in Older Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer, the ADHERE Study: A Prospective Trial of the Meet-URO Network
Authors: Rescigno Pasquale , Maruzzo Marco , Rebuzzi Sara Elena , Murianni Veronica , Cinausero Marika , Lipari Helga , Fratino Lucia , Gamba Teresa , De Giorgi Ugo , Caffo Orazio , Bimbatti Davide , Dri Arianna , Mosca Alessandra , Giunta Emilio Francesco , Ermacora Paola , Vignani Francesca , Msaki Aichi , Bonifacio Barbara , Lombardo Valentina , Conteduca Vincenza , Basso Umberto , Fornarini Giuseppe , Banna Giuseppe Luigi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Novel androgen receptor signaling inhibitors for prostate cancer (PC) impose the burden of self-administration on older patients overwhelmed by the requirement of many other concomitant medications.

Patients and Methods
This study evaluated the proportion of non-adherence in a 12-month follow-up period and the first 3 months to abiraterone (ABI) or enzalutamide (ENZ). In a prospective multicenter observational cohort study, patients with metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC) aged ≥70 years receiving ABI or ENZ pre- or post-docetaxel were enrolled. Treatment monitoring included pill counting, a self-assessment questionnaire, and clinical diaries at each clinical visit. Non-adherence rates were based on proportions of missed/prescribed pills ratios by pill counting.

Results
Overall, 234 patients were recruited with median age of 78 years (range, 73–82); 86 (37%) were treated with ABI, and 148 (63%) with ENZ. The median follow-up for adherence was seven monthly cycles (IQR: 4–12). The two cohorts were well balanced for baseline characteristics. The percentage of non-adherence by pill counting was slightly higher for ABI than ENZ (5.2% vs. 4.2%, P &lt; .001). By self-reporting, patients on ENZ tended to report more frequently than those with ABI forgetfulness as the reason for missing events (42% vs. 17%, P &lt; .001). A lower Geriatric G8 score correlated with non-adherence (P = .004). Overall survival (OS) was 48.8 months. Patients on ABI had radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) of 28.4 [24.2–32.5], while for ENZ patients, we reported a median rPFS of 23.1 [18.2–28.1] months.

Conclusion
Physicians tend to treat older mCRPC patients with ENZ. Non-adherence rate is relatively low overall but can be higher with ABI than with ENZ and correlates with the Geriatric G8 score. Forgetfulness is a potential barrier for ENZ.
New-onset IgA nephropathy following COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Ma Yaohui , Xu Gaosi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused significant economic and health damage worldwide. Rapid vaccination is one of the key strategies to curb severe illness and death due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hundreds of millions of people worldwide have received various COVID-19 vaccines, including mRNA vaccines, inactivated vaccines and adenovirus-vectored vaccines, but the side effects and efficacy of most vaccines have not been extensively studied. Recently, there have been increasing reports of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) after COVID-19 vaccination, however, whether their relationship is causal or coincidental remains to be verified. Here, we summarize the latest clinical evidence of IgAN diagnosed by renal biopsy associated with the COVID-19 vaccine published by 10 July 2022 with the largest sample size, and propose a hypothesis for the pathogenesis between them. At the same time, the new opportunity presented by COVID-19 vaccine allows us to explore the mechanism of IgAN recurrence for the first time. Indeed, we recognize that large-scale COVID-19 vaccination has enormous benefits in preventing COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this review is to help guide the clinical assessment and management of IgA nephropathy post-COVID-19 vaccination and to enrich the ‘multi-hit’ theory of IgA nephropathy.
Multinomial Logit Processes and Preference Discovery: Inside and Outside the Black Box
Authors: Cerreia-Vioglio Simone , Maccheroni Fabio , Marinacci Massimo , Rustichini Aldo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We provide two characterizations, one axiomatic and the other neuro-computational, of the dependence of choice probabilities on deadlines, within the widely used softmax representation $$\begin{align*} p_{t}\left( a,A\right) =\dfrac{e^{\frac{u\left( a\right) }{\lambda\left( t\right) }+\alpha\left( a\right) }}{\sum_{b\in A}e^{\frac{u\left( b\right) }{\lambda\left( t\right) }+\alpha\left( b\right) }}, \end{align*}$$
where $p_{t}\left( a,A\right)$ is the probability that alternative $a$ is selected from the set $A$ of feasible alternatives if $t$ is the time available to decide, $\lambda$ is a time-dependent noise parameter measuring the unit cost of information, $u$ is a time-independent utility function, and $\alpha$ is an alternative-specific bias that determines the initial choice probabilities (reflecting prior information and memory anchoring).
Our axiomatic analysis provides a behavioural foundation of softmax (also known as Multinomial Logit Model when $\alpha$ is constant). Our neuro-computational derivation provides a biologically inspired algorithm that may explain the emergence of softmax in choice behaviour. Jointly, the two approaches provide a thorough understanding of softmaximization in terms of internal causes (neuro-physiological mechanisms) and external effects (testable implications).
We Are All Behavioural, More, or Less: A Taxonomy of Consumer Decision-Making
Authors: Stango Victor , Zinman Jonathan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We examine how 17 behavioural biases relate to each other, to three standard measures of risk and time preferences, to cognitive skills, personality, and demographics, and to outcomes in household finance, well-being, and health. Most consumers in our nationally representative panel data exhibit multiple biases, with substantial cross-person heterogeneity. Biases are positively correlated within person, especially after adjusting for measurement error. From that correlation structure, we reduce our 20 bias and standard preference measures to four behavioural common factors. Each BCF reflects a group of related biases regarding beliefs, decision quality, discounting, or risk/uncertainty attitudes. The first two BCFs also strongly correlate with each other (positively) and cognitive skills (negatively). The first three BCFs and cognitive skills strongly correlate with various outcomes in the expected directions. Our results support processing-based models where basic limitations in cognition and/or attention produce multiple biases, and they have several other implications for theory and practice.
The Long Non-coding RNA HOTAIR Controls the Self-renewal, Cell Senescence, and Secretion of Anti-aging Protein α-Klotho in Human Adult Renal Progenitor Cells
Authors: Picerno Angela , Giannuzzi Francesca , Curci Claudia , De Palma Giuseppe , Di Chiano Mariagiovanna , Simone Simona , Franzin Rossana , Gallone Anna , Di Lorenzo Vito Francesco , Stasi Alessandra , Pertosa Giovanni Battista , Sabbà Carlo , Gesualdo Loreto , Sallustio Fabio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) play an important role in several biological processes, including some renal diseases. Nevertheless, little is known about lncRNA that are expressed in the healthy kidneys and involved in renal cell homeostasis and development, and even less is known about lncRNA involved in the maintenance of human adult renal stem/progenitor cells (ARPCs) that have been shown to be very important for renal homeostasis and repair processes. Through a whole-genome transcriptome screening, we found that the HOTAIR lncRNA is highly expressed in renal progenitors and potentially involved in cell cycle and senescence biological processes. By CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we generated HOTAIR knockout ARPC lines and established a key role of this lncRNA in ARPC self-renewal properties by sustaining their proliferative capacity and limiting the apoptotic process. Intriguingly, the HOTAIR knockout led to the ARPC senescence and to a significant decrease in the CD133 stem cell marker expression which is an inverse marker of ARPC senescence and can regulate renal tubular repair after the damage. Furthermore, we found that ARPCs expressed high levels of the α-Klotho anti-aging protein and especially 2.6-fold higher levels compared to that secreted by renal proximal tubular cells (RPTECs). Finally, we showed that HOTAIR exerts its function through the epigenetic silencing of the cell cycle inhibitor p15 inducing the trimethylation of the histone H3K27. Altogether, these results shed new light on the mechanisms of regulation of these important renal cells and may support the future development of precision therapies for kidney diseases.
A retrospective study of clinical and epidemiological characteristics of snakebite in Napo Province, Ecuadorian Amazon
Authors: Patiño Ricardo S P , Salazar-Valenzuela David , Robles-Loaiza Alberto A , Santacruz-Ortega Paola , Almeida José R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Snakebite envenoming remains a relevant public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. In Ecuador, this is particularly true in an area of great diversity like the Amazon region. Nevertheless, there is scarce information about epidemiological and clinical characteristics of these accidents in this area.

Methods
This was a descriptive and retrospective study of snakebite cases treated at a tertiary hospital in the Napo Province, Ecuadorian Amazon, from 2015 to 2019. We collected sociodemographic and snakebite-related information, clinical aspects and the use of antivenom and antibiotics from medical records.

Results
Information from 133 snakebite accidents was reviewed in this time period. Reports of snakebite envenoming decreased over the years. In total, 67% of those bitten were from nearby indigenous communities, which were the most affected groups. When a species was identified, Bothrops atrox was responsible for the highest number of cases registered. Local clinical manifestations were more frequent than systemic signs, in keeping with the typical effects produced by bothropic venoms. Additionally, data showed that more antivenom vials were given than those suggested by the protocol of the Ecuadorian Ministry of Health, in proportion to the grade of severity. Finally, we identified a low incidence of adverse reactions with antivenom administration, as well as a frequent use of antibiotics.

Conclusions
The profile of snakebite accidents in the Napo Province is very similar to that described for other localities in the Amazon region of Ecuador and neighboring countries, with its challenges and limitations. Such aspects underlie the importance of establishing a robust and science-based public health program to respond to this frequent, but neglected, tropical disease.
MRNIP interacts with sex body chromatin to support meiotic progression, spermatogenesis, and male fertility in mice
Authors: Kazi Samina , Castañeda Julio M. , Savolainen Audrey , Xu Yiding , Liu Ning , Qiao Huanyu , Ramirez‐Solis Ramiro , Nozawa Kaori , Yu Zhifeng , Matzuk Martin M. , Prunskaite‐Hyyryläinen Renata 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMeiosis has a principal role in sexual reproduction to generate haploid gametes in both sexes. During meiosis, the cell nucleus hosts a dynamic environment where some genes are transcriptionally activated, and some are inactivated at the same time. This becomes possible through subnuclear compartmentalization. The sex body, sequestering X and Y chromosomes during male meiosis and creating an environment for the meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI) is one of the best known and studied subnuclear compartments. Herein, we show that MRNIP forms droplet‐like accumulations that fuse together to create a distinct subnuclear compartment that partially overlaps with the sex body chromatin during diplotene. We demonstrate that Mrnip−/− spermatocytes have impaired DNA double‐strand break (DSB) repair, they display reduced sex body formation and defective MSCI. We show that Mrnip−/− undergoes critical meiocyte loss at the diplotene stage. Furthermore, we determine that DNA DSBs (induced by SPO11) and synapsis initiation (facilitated by SYCP1) precede Mrnip expression in testes. Altogether, our findings indicate that in addition to an emerging role in DNA DSB repair, MRNIP has an essential function in spermatogenesis during meiosis I by forming drop‐like accumulations interacting with the sex body.
Mcm2 hypomorph leads to acute leukemia or hematopoietic stem cell failure, dependent on genetic context
Authors: Matsukawa Toshihiro , Yin Mianmian , Baslan Timour , Chung Yang Jo , Cao Dengchao , Bertoli Ryan , Zhu Yuelin J. , Walker Robert L. , Freeland Amy , Knudsen Erik , Lowe Scott W. , Meltzer Paul S. , Aplan Peter D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMinichromosome maintenance proteins (Mcm2‐7) form a hexameric complex that unwinds DNA ahead of a replicative fork. The deficiency of Mcm proteins leads to replicative stress and consequent genomic instability. Mice with a germline insertion of a Cre cassette into the 3′UTR of the Mcm2 gene (designated Mcm2Cre) have decreased Mcm2 expression and invariably develop precursor T‐cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (pre‐T LBL), due to 100–1000 kb deletions involving important tumor suppressor genes. To determine whether mice that were protected from pre‐T LBL would develop non‐T‐cell malignancies, we used two approaches. Mice engrafted with Mcm2Cre/Cre Lin−Sca‐1+Kit+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells did not develop hematologic malignancy; however, these mice died of hematopoietic stem cell failure by 6 months of age. Placing the Mcm2Cre allele onto an athymic nu/nu background completely prevented pre‐T LBL and extended survival of these mice three‐fold (median 296.5 vs. 80.5 days). Ultimately, most Mcm2Cre/Cre;nu/nu mice developed B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP‐ALL). We identified recurrent deletions of 100–1000 kb that involved genes known or suspected to be involved in BCP‐ALL, including Pax5, Nf1, Ikzf3, and Bcor. Moreover, whole‐exome sequencing identified recurrent mutations of genes known to be involved in BCP‐ALL progression, such as Jak1/Jak3, Ptpn11, and Kras. These findings demonstrate that an Mcm2Cre/Cre hypomorph can induce hematopoietic dysfunction via hematopoietic stem cell failure as well as a “deletor” phenotype affecting known or suspected tumor suppressor genes.
Artificial intelligence using deep neural network learning for automatic location of the interscalene brachial plexus in ultrasound images
Authors: Yang Xiao-Yu , Wang Le-Tian , Li Gen-Di , Yu Ze-Kuan , Li Dong-Li , Guan Qing-Lai , Zhang Qing-Rong , Guo Ting , Wang Hai-Lian , Wang Ying-Wei 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND
Identifying the interscalene brachial plexus can be challenging during ultrasound-guided interscalene block.

OBJECTIVE
We hypothesised that an algorithm based on deep learning could locate the interscalene brachial plexus in ultrasound images better than a nonexpert anaesthesiologist, thus possessing the potential to aid anaesthesiologists.

DESIGN
Observational study.

SETTING
A tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China.

PATIENTS
Patients undergoing elective surgery.

INTERVENTIONS
Ultrasound images at the interscalene level were collected from patients. Two independent image datasets were prepared to train and evaluate the deep learning model. Three senior anaesthesiologists who were experts in regional anaesthesia annotated the images. A deep convolutional neural network was developed, trained and optimised to locate the interscalene brachial plexus in the ultrasound images. Expert annotations on the datasets were regarded as an accurate baseline (ground truth). The test dataset was also annotated by five nonexpert anaesthesiologists.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary outcome of the research was the distance between the lateral midpoints of the nerve sheath contours of the model predictions and ground truth.

RESULTS
The data set was obtained from 1126 patients. The training dataset comprised 11 392 images from 1076 patients. The test dataset constituted 100 images from 50 patients. In the test dataset, the median [IQR] distance between the lateral midpoints of the nerve sheath contours of the model predictions and ground truth was 0.8 [0.4 to 2.9] mm: this was significantly shorter than that between nonexpert predictions and ground truth (3.4 mm [2.1 to 4.5] mm; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION
The proposed model was able to locate the interscalene brachial plexus in ultrasound images more accurately than nonexperts.

TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov) identifier: NCT04183972.