bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimal-invasive periazetabuläre Osteotomie zur Therapie der Hüftdysplasie des Erwachsenen
Authors: Wassilew Georgi I. , Hofer Andre , Rakow Anastasia , Gebhardt Sebastian , Hoffmann Manuela , Janz Viktor , Zimmerer Alexander 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
Operationsziel
Durchführung einer periazetabulären Osteotomie (PAO) über einen minimal-invasiven Zugang zur dreidimensionalen Korrektur der Orientierung der Hüftgelenkpfanne.

Indikationen
Symptomatische Hüftdysplasie in der Adoleszenz nach dem Schluss der Y‑Wachstumsfuge und beim Erwachsenen.

Kontraindikationen
Fortgeschrittene Arthrose (Arthrosegrad ≥ 2 nach Tönnis), präformierte Sekundärpfanne, offene Y‑Wachstumsfuge.

Operationstechnik
Über einen minimal-invasiven Zugang wird eine periazetabuläre Osteotomie durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 39 Patienten über 3,5 (3 bis 4,5) Jahre nachbeobachtet. Der laterale Centrum-Erker-Winkel nach Wiberg konnte signifikant von 16,1° (7–24°) auf 30,5° (25–37°) (p < 0,0001), der Tragflächenwinkel von 13,2° (2–25,3°) auf 2,8° (−3–13°) (p < 0,0001) korrigiert werden. Die mittlere Operationszeit betrug 88 (57 bis 142) Minuten. Es traten keine schweren Komplikationen auf.
Loneliness and the onset of new mental health problems in the general population
Authors: Mann Farhana , Wang Jingyi , Pearce Eiluned , Ma Ruimin , Schlief Merle , Lloyd-Evans Brynmor , Ikhtabi Sarah , Johnson Sonia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Loneliness is associated with poor health including premature mortality. There are cross-sectional associations with depression, anxiety, psychosis, and other mental health outcomes. However, it is not known whether loneliness is causally linked with the new onset of mental health problems in the general population. Longitudinal studies are key to understanding this relationship. We synthesized evidence from longitudinal studies investigating the relationship between loneliness and new onset of mental health problems, in the general population.

Method
We systematically searched six electronic databases, unpublished sources, and hand-searched references, up to August 2021. We conducted a meta-analysis of eight independent cohorts and narrative synthesis of the remaining studies.

Results
We included 32 studies, of which the majority focused on depression. Our narrative synthesis found most studies show loneliness at baseline which is associated with the subsequent new onset of depression. The few studies on anxiety and self-harm also showed a positive association. Our meta-analysis found a pooled adjusted odds ratio of 2.33 (95% CI 1.62–3.34) for risk of new onset depression in adults who were often lonely compared with people who were not often lonely. This should be interpreted with caution given evidence of heterogeneity.

Conclusion
Loneliness is a public mental health issue. There is growing evidence it is associated with the onset of depression and other common mental health problems. Future studies should explore its impact across the age range and in more diverse populations, look beyond depression, and explore the mechanisms involved with a view to better informing appropriate interventions.
Labour supply, retirement, and consumption responses of older Europeans to inheritance receipt
Authors: Suari-Andreu Eduard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study quantifies individuals’ responses to inheritance receipt in terms of their retirement, labour supply, and consumption decisions. Doing so is relevant for appraising the potential effects of tax and pension reforms, as well as for the assessment of how inheritances contribute to total wealth and to wealth inequality. I start out by developing a simple version of the life cycle model that explains how individuals trade-off between the different possible responses. I test the model using individual panel data from the Survey on Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe. These data allow accounting for expectations about inheritances and retirement in the analysis. All estimated effects are not significantly different from zero and they indicate absence of large response in terms of labour supply and retirement.
Non-autonomous Differential Systems with Delays: A Global Attraction Analysis
Authors: Ruiz-Herrera Alfonso 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we derive criteria of global attractivity of a (possibly constant) positive periodic solution in non-autonomous systems of delay differential equations. Our approach can be viewed as the extension for non-autonomous systems of the folkloric connection between discrete dynamics and scalar delay differential equations. It is worth mentioning that we provide delay-dependent criteria of global attraction that cover the best delay independent conditions. We apply our results to non-autonomous variants of several classical models such that Nicholson’s blowfly equation, Goodwin’s model oscillator, the Mackey–Glass equation and systems with patch structure.
Miniaturised ultrasound evaluation at the bedside
Authors: Hollerieth Katharina , Vo-Cong Minh-Truc , Preuss Stephanie , Kemmner Stephan , Stock Konrad Friedrich 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
“Point-of-Care Ultrasound” (POCUS) is now a familiar term. Although the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (ESFUMB) published a position paper about its usage (Nielsen et al. in Ultraschall Med 40(1):30–39. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0783-2303, 2019), there has not been much scientific focus on its utility in uro-nephrological clinical practice thus far. The aim of this study was to evaluate the present usage of pocket ultrasound devices at the bedside.

Methods
27 investigators (all medical doctors with at least 6 months of experience in sonography) performed 280 bedside examinations using a pocket ultrasound device for common clinical issues.

Results
The most frequent indications included evaluation of hydronephrosis (147), volume management including assessment of dimension of the vena cava inferior (IVC) (195), detection of pleural, pericardial and abdominal effusions (113) as well as residual urine (52). In 90%, specific clinical questions were effectively answered by the pocket ultrasound device alone.

Conclusions
POCUS can be useful in the uro-nephrological field. In the hands of an experienced investigator, it saves time and, when it is realised that departmental ultrasound is not cheap, there is also an economic benefit with applicability within both inpatient and outpatient clinic settings. While acknowledging its technical limits, pocket ultrasound devices may nevertheless be helpful in targeted situations for triage or for bedside follow-up exams after earlier high-end ultrasound-based diagnosis.
Low skeletal muscle mass and post-operative complications after surgery for liver malignancies: a meta-analysis
Authors: Thormann Maximilian , Omari Jazan , Pech Maciej , Damm Robert , Croner Roland , Perrakis Aristotelis , Strobel Alexandra , Wienke Andreas , Surov Alexey 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the influence of low skeletal muscle mass (LSMM) on post-operative complications in patients with hepatic malignancies grade (Clavien Dindo ≥ 3) undergoing resection.

Methods
MEDLINE, Cochrane, and SCOPUS databases were screened for associations between sarcopenia and major post-operative complications (≥ grade 3 according to Clavien-Dindo classification) after resection of different malignant liver tumors. RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed according to the QUIPS instrument.

Results
The analysis included 17 studies comprising 3157 patients. Subgroup analyses were performed for cholangiocarcinoma (CCC), colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). LSMM as identified on CT was present in 1260 patients (39.9%). Analysis of the overall sample showed that LSMM was associated with higher post-operative complications grade Clavien Dindo ≥ 3 (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.25–1.95, p < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis, LSMM was associated with post-operative complications in CRC metastases (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.11–2.32, p = 0.01). In HCC and CCC sub-analyses, LSMM was not associated with post-operative complications in simple regression analysis.

Conclusion
LSMM is associated with major post-operative complications in patients undergoing surgery for hepatic metastases and it does not influence major post-operative complications in patients with HCC and CCC.
Completeness for the Complexity Class $$\forall \exists \mathbb {R}$$ and Area-Universality
Authors: Dobbins Michael Gene , Kleist Linda , Miltzow Tillmann , Rzążewski Paweł 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExhibiting a deep connection between purely geometric problems and real algebra, the complexity class $$\exists \mathbb {R}$$

∃
R

plays a crucial role in the study of geometric problems. Sometimes $$\exists \mathbb {R}$$

∃
R

is referred to as the ‘real analog’ of NP. While NP is a class of computational problems that deals with existentially quantified boolean variables, $$\exists \mathbb {R}$$

∃
R

deals with existentially quantified real variables. In analogy to $$\Pi _2^p$$

Π
2
p

and $$\Sigma _2^p$$

Σ
2
p

in the famous polynomial hierarchy, we study the complexity classes $$\forall \exists \mathbb {R}$$

∀
∃
R

and $$ \exists \forall \mathbb {R}$$

∃
∀
R

with real variables. Our main interest is the AreaUniversality problem, where we are given a plane graph G, and ask if for each assignment of areas to the inner faces of G, there exists a straight-line drawing of G realizing the assigned areas. We conjecture that AreaUniversality is $$\forall \exists \mathbb {R}$$

∀
∃
R

-complete and support this conjecture by proving $$\exists \mathbb {R}$$

∃
R

- and $$\forall \exists \mathbb {R}$$

∀
∃
R

-completeness of two variants of AreaUniversality. To this end, we introduce tools to prove $$\forall \exists \mathbb {R}$$

∀
∃
R

-hardness and membership. Finally, we present geometric problems as candidates for $$\forall \exists \mathbb {R}$$

∀
∃
R

-complete problems. These problems have connections to the concepts of imprecision, robustness, and extendability.
A clinical approach to tubulopathies in children and young adults
Authors: Kermond Rachael , Mallett Andrew , McCarthy Hugh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractKidney tubules are responsible for the preservation of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis via passive and active mechanisms. These physiological processes can be disrupted by inherited or acquired aetiologies. The net result is a tubulopathy. It is important to make a prompt and accurate diagnosis of tubulopathies in children and young adults. This allows timely and appropriate management, including disease-specific therapies, and avoids complications such as growth failure. Tubulopathies can present with a variety of non-specific clinical features which can be diagnostically challenging. In this review, we build from this common anatomical and physiological understanding to present a tangible appreciation of tubulopathies as they are likely to be clinically encountered among affected children and young adults.
A cross-sectional study on demoralization in prostate cancer patients: the role of masculine self-esteem, depression, and resilience
Authors: Scandurra Cristiano , Mangiapia Francesco , La Rocca Roberto , Di Bello Francesco , De Lucia Natascia , Muzii Benedetta , Cantone Micaela , Zampi Rita , Califano Gianluigi , Maldonato Nelson Mauro , Longo Nicola 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose

The current cross-sectional study had three objectives: (1) to assess the prevalence of depression and demoralization in a sample of prostate cancer (PCa) patients; (2) to examine whether masculine self-esteem and depression were associated with demoralization; and (3) to evaluate the role of resilience as a factor buffering the effects of masculine self-esteem and depression on demoralization.

Methods
197 PCa patients aged 48 to 79 years (M = 67.19; SD = 6.83) answered questions about masculine self-esteem, depression, resilience, and demoralization. An ANOVA was conducted to examine whether the association between demoralization and depressive symptoms was linear. A chi-square test was calculated to determine differences between depression and demoralization. Finally, a hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis with interaction terms was conducted to examine the associations between masculine self-esteem, depression, resilience, and demoralization.

Results
Depression scores increased linearly with demoralization severity, but demoralization scores were higher than depression scores (21.3% vs. 15.2%). Lower scores on masculine self-esteem and higher scores on depressive symptoms were associated with greater demoralization. Resilience significantly moderated the association between masculine self-esteem and demoralization, but not between depression and demoralization.

Conclusion
Assessment of depression, masculine self-esteem, resilience, and demoralization in the clinical setting is critical for improving the mental health status of PCa patients.
The inner kernel theorem for a certain Segal algebra
Authors: Feichtinger Hans G. , Jakobsen Mads S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Segal algebra$${\mathbf{S}}_{0}(G)$$S0(G)is well defined for arbitrary locally compact Abelian Hausdorff (LCA) groupsG. It is a Banach space that exhibits a kernel theorem similar to the well-known Schwartz kernel theorem. Specifically, we call this characterization of the continuous linear operators from$${\mathbf{S}}_{0}(G_1)$$S0(G1)to$${\mathbf{S}}'_{0}(G_2)$$S0′(G2)by generalized functions in$${\mathbf{S}}'_{0}(G_1 \times G_2)$$S0′(G1×G2)the “outer kernel theorem”. The main subject of this paper is to formulate what we call the “inner kernel theorem”. This is the characterization of those linear operators that have kernels in$${\mathbf{S}}_{0}(G_1 \times G_2)$$S0(G1×G2). Such operators are regularizing—in the sense that they map$${\mathbf{S}}'_{0}(G_1)$$S0′(G1)into$${\mathbf{S}}_{0}(G_2)$$S0(G2)in a$$w^{*}$$w∗to norm continuous manner. A detailed functional analytic treatment of these operators is given and applied to the case of general LCA groups. This is done without the use of Wilson bases, which have previously been employed for the case of elementary LCA groups. We apply our approach to describe natural laws of composition for operators that imitate those of linear mappings via matrix multiplications. Furthermore, we detail how these operators approximate general operators (in a weak form). As a concrete example, we derive the widespread statement of engineers and physicists that pure frequencies “integrate” to a Dirac delta distribution in a mathematically justifiable way.
Primary reconstruction of extensive orbital fractures using two-piece patient-specific implants: the Helsinki protocol
Authors: Salli Malla I. , Nikunen Matti , Snäll Johanna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We present our experience of titanium-milled two-piece patient-specific implants (PSIs) for primary reconstructions of extensive orbital floor and medial wall fractures (EOFMFs) and evaluate their postoperative functional and aesthetic outcomes in relation to commercially available implants.

Methods
We included all patients with primary reconstructions (< 22 days from injury) of EOFMFs treated in our department between January 2011 and October 2020. Extensive orbital floor and medial wall fracture was defined as involvement of orbital floor, medial wall and maxilloethmoidal junction; a fracture defect 5 mm or more; defect size more than a third of both inferior and medial walls; and Jaquiéry classification III or more. Patient characteristics, details of fracture defects and surgeries, postoperative outcomes and implant positions were retrospectively evaluated and compared between study groups.

Results
Nineteen patients were included: 5 with two-piece PSIs and 14 with commercial implants. Implant position was good in 4/5 patients with two-piece PSIs and 2/14 with commercial implants. Revision surgery, globe malposition (GMP) > 2 mm, significant diplopia and poor implant position were more frequent in patients with commercial implants than two-piece PSIs. None of the patients with a good overall implant position had any significant postoperative symptoms.

Conclusion
Extensive orbital fracture reconstructions are somewhat rare, and surgical treatment is associated with a high rate of complications and postoperative symptoms. Titanium-milled two-piece PSIs are well suited for primary reconstructions of EOFMFs, as they lead to more precise reconstructions and fewer postoperative symptoms than commercially available implants.
Neurological soft signs are increased in migraine without aura: relationship with the affective status
Authors: Tremolizzo Lucio , Selvatico Daniele , Pozzi Federico Emanuele , Cereda Diletta , DiFrancesco Jacopo Cosimo , Fumagalli Lorenzo , Ferrarese Carlo , Appollonio Ildebrando 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Neurological soft signs (NSS) are subtle non-localizing sensorimotor abnormalities initially reported as increased in primary headache patients. The aims of this study were confirming with full power NSS increased expression in migraine and, collaterally, determining if psychiatric traits or white matter lesions at brain imaging could influence this result.

Methods
Forty drug-free episodic migraine outpatients (MH) were recruited with 40 matched controls. NSS were determined by the 16-item Heidelberg scale; depression, anxiety and QoL by the HAM-D; the STAI-X1/X2; and the SF36, respectively. The Fazekas scale on brain MR studies was applied in n = 32 MH, unravelling deep white matter signal alterations (DWM). MH characteristics, including the headache disability inventory (HDI), were recorded.

Results
NSS were 46% increased in MH vs. controls (p = 0.0001). HAM-D and STAI-X1/X2 were increased in MH, while SF36 was unchanged, but they all failed to influence NSS, just as MH characteristics. NSS scores were increased in MH-DWM + (n = 11, + 85%) vs. MH-DWM − (n = 21, + 27%) vs. controls (p < 0.0001). NSS increased expression in MH was influenced by DWM, while psychiatric traits and headache characteristics failed to do so.

Discussion/conclusions
NSS are increased in MH and probably not influenced by the affective status, possibly marking a dysfunction within the cerebellar-thalamic-prefrontal circuit that may deserve further attention from the prognostic point of view.
Bifunctional catalysts for heterogeneous electro-Fenton processes: a review
Authors: Yao Yuanyuan , Pan Yuqi , Yu Yanxi , Yu Zixun , Lai Leo , Liu Fangzhou , Wei Li , Chen Yuan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFenton processes allow to degrade and mineralize toxic organic contaminants, yet classical Fenton processes require continuously adding hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ions, costly solution pH adjustment, and treatment of secondary iron sludge pollution. Heterogeneous electro-Fenton processes deliver oxidizing radicals with only oxygen and electricity consumed. Bifunctional catalysts allow the synthesis and activation of hydrogen peroxide simultaneously, eliminate additional chemical reagents, and yield no metal residues in treated water. Here, we review bifunctional catalysts for heterogeneous electro-Fenton processes. We describe the mechanisms of oxidizing radical generation from oxygen. Then, we compare different types of bifunctional catalysts based on their elemental compositions: (1) metal/carbon composite catalysts, i.e., monometallic iron/carbon composite catalysts, bimetallic/trimetallic carbon composite catalysts, and transition metal single-atom catalysts; (2) metal composite catalysts without carbon; and (3) metal-free carbon catalysts. Then, we present five other approaches beyond electrocatalysts, which have been used to improve the performance of heterogeneous electro-Fenton processes.
“Change Doesn’t Happen by Itself”: A Thematic Analysis of First-Level Leaders’ Experiences Participating in the Leadership and Organizational Change for Implementation (LOCI) Strategy
Authors: Borge Randi Hovden , Egeland Karina M. , Aarons Gregory A. , Ehrhart Mark G. , Sklar Marisa , Skar Ane-Marthe Solheim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Leadership and Organizational Change for Implementation (LOCI) strategy is a multifaceted implementation strategy that aims to support successful evidence-based practice (EBP) implementation by fostering effective general leadership, implementation leadership, and implementation climate. How implementation strategies are experienced by participants is important for their utilization and effectiveness in supporting EBP implementation. The current study is the first in-depth qualitative study exploring first-level leaders’ experiences of participating in the LOCI strategy. Data were collected as part of a trial where Norwegian child and adult mental health outpatient clinics implemented EBPs for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Eleven first-level leaders from adult and child clinics participated in semi-structured interviews after completing the LOCI strategy. Data were analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis. The analysis generated four themes related to leaders’ experiences of participating in the LOCI strategy: (1) structuring the EBP implementation, (2) taking responsibility for the EBP implementation, (3) interacting with others about the EBP implementation, and (4) becoming aware of EBP implementation and their own leadership. Most participants experienced the LOCI strategy as beneficial for implementing EBPs for PTSD in their clinic. The strategy succeeded in raising awareness of leadership for EBP implementation, and simultaneously provided participants with tools and support for leading the implementation in their clinic. Two participants experienced LOCI as less beneficial than the others. Our results support the strategy’s potential to engage and empower first-level leaders to get involved in implementation processes and point to important challenges for future research on implementation strategies.
Well-posedness and numerical schemes for one-dimensional McKean–Vlasov equations and interacting particle systems with discontinuous drift
Authors: Leobacher Gunther , Reisinger Christoph , Stockinger Wolfgang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we first establish well-posedness results for one-dimensional McKean–Vlasov stochastic differential equations (SDEs) and related particle systems with a measure-dependent drift coefficient that is discontinuous in the spatial component, and a diffusion coefficient which is a Lipschitz function of the state only. We only require a fairly mild condition on the diffusion coefficient, namely to be non-zero in a point of discontinuity of the drift, while we need to impose certain structural assumptions on the measure-dependence of the drift. Second, we study Euler–Maruyama type schemes for the particle system to approximate the solution of the one-dimensional McKean–Vlasov SDE. Here, we will prove strong convergence results in terms of the number of time-steps and number of particles. Due to the discontinuity of the drift, the convergence analysis is non-standard and the usual strong convergence order 1/2 known for the Lipschitz case cannot be recovered for all presented schemes.