bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DAILY EXPERIENCES OF AGING: A COUNTRY-INFORMED PERSPECTIVE FROM THE SUBJECTIVE AGES PROJECT
Authors: Neupert Shevaun , Kornadt Anna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The proposed symposium provides a global perspective regarding antecedents, correlates, and consequences of views on aging based on the Subjective AGES (Aging within Global everyday Ecological Studies) consortium. This culture-informed approach highlights the contextual and dynamic influences on views on aging across different temporal perspectives. We enrich the existing body of knowledge by including a broad variety of cultures and investigating how views on aging connect to daily indicators of health and well-being. First, Wu and Fung investigate the moderating role of future self views on the relationship between self continuity and preparation for old age in six cultures. Taking into account the historic context of inflation in Turkiye, Can and Neupert find that daily subjective economic status and daily subjective age are each uniquely related to daily happiness. Wirth and Rothermund show that the daily experience of expectations regarding aging in Germany influences affective experience. Finnigan and Tse show that daily flow experiences in a sample from the UK were related to younger subjective age, which in turn increased positive affect. Finally, Shrira and colleagues compare the daily coupling of ageist attitudes and negative affect in five different countries using an integrated data analysis approach. Our findings shed light on country-specific and global relationships between views on aging and development. We showcase how experiences of aging are shaped by contextual and dynamic influences.
PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH IN GERONTOLOGY: CONCEPTUALIZATION, CONDUCT, AND DISSEMINATION
Authors: Flatt Jason , Glover Crystal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Health disparities continue to critically diminish and deleteriously impact health in aging among large diverse populations across the world. One way to create health equity for all older adults remains through the strengths-based sharing of expertise across diverse communities and researchers from various scientific disciplines. As such, the field of Gerontology requires innovative approaches to engage two critical stakeholder groups – community members and researchers – to meaningfully engage and collaborate with each other to conceptualize, conduct, and disseminate related findings stemming from participatory action research (PAR). Resultant research must generate knowledge and actionable solutions that are mutually beneficial, scientifically sound, and culturally compatible across stakeholder groups. In this workshop, we will first teach both researchers and community members about the purpose, process, and intended outcomes of PAR. Second, we will outline the conduct of PAR using a pedagogical framework that includes key topics such as the researcher’s onus of trust, establishing and sustaining relationships, co-learning and co-design, methodological design and data collection, collaborative data analysis and interpretation, dissemination of findings, and planning and implementing evidence- and strengths-based strategic transformations within diverse aging populations. Lastly, we will discuss opportunities and tools for attendees to expand PAR to address health disparities and facilitate health equity in aging among diverse populations. Throughout, we will leverage our extensive PAR experiences to share examples, lived experiences, and best practices with attendees. We hope to host an enriching, relevant, and forward-looking session with attendees.
CO-CREATING EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS WITH OLDER ADULTS AND INFLUENCING HEALTH CARE DECISION-MAKERS
Authors: Hulko Wendy , Mirza Noeman 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rural and small city older adults’ views on primary and community care restructuring indicated a strong desire to provide input directly to healthcare decision-makers through oral over written means and collective rather than individual dialogues (Hulko et al., 2020). Thus, through integrated knowledge translation (iKT), we worked with older adults to (a) interpret our research findings on primary and community care restructuring; (b) create KT tools (grassroots infographic, key messages, documentary); and, (c) host a knowledge summit where we released our KT tools and facilitated discussions between service users and administrators (decision-makers, knowledge users, seniors advocates) about ways to move our findings into practice and affect service delivery. 30 people attended the knowledge summit and were invited to provide feedback on the iKT process and KT tools; 23 (8 service users, 15 administrators) filled out the feedback questionnaires. Service users provided positive feedback about the opportunity to partner with service providers, particularly senior administrators. Administrators recognized the need to shift from being “system focused” to “patient focused,” which can be facilitated through engagement of rural older adults in service delivery decisions. They recognized that service users had “good ideas on how to deliver services locally” and appreciated the opportunity to hear service users’ perspectives and needs, communicate face-to-face, and “discuss possible solutions” together. Our work highlights how emancipatory pedagogy - actioning research findings in collaboration with older adults - can enable mutually beneficial exchanges of ideas and solutions between service users and administrators and lead to improved health service delivery.
PAIN, PLACE OF DEATH, AND USE OF PAIN TREATMENT AT THE END OF LIFE: URBAN–RURAL DIFFERENCE AMONG CHINESE OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Pei Yaolin , Lou Yifan , Qi Xiang , Zhu Zheng , Wang Jing , Wu Bei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pain is a common symptom that older adults encounter at the end of life and has a negative impact on quality of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of pain and the association between pain, place of death, and pain treatment in the context of an urban-rural division. The sample derived from the end -of-life module data from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey conducted in 2020. The working sample included 958 decedents aged 60 and above. Logistic regression models were used in this study. 26.4% of the decedents did not receive prompt and effective pain treatment. 66.50% of decedents’ families were not able to control the pain for the decedent. 41.96% of the decedents had severe pain symptoms. Older adults who were rural residents, had no severe pain symptoms, and died at home were more likely not to receive timely and effective pain treatment than their counterparts. The urban -rural differences in these associations were identified: Rural older adults who had severe pain symptoms and die at home were more likely not receive timely and effective pain treatment than urban older adults. Severe pain symptoms and death place were significantly associated with whether receive timely and effective pain treatment among urban older adults, but not significant among rural older adults. It is important to strengthen pain management and bridge the gaps in this regard for older adults at the end of life in China.
CHINESE OLDER ADULTS’ PREFERENCES FOR INVOLVEMENT IN END-OF-LIFE CARE DECISIONS: CAUSES AND OUTCOMES
Authors: Lou Yifan , Liu Jinyu , Carr Deborah , Pei Yaolin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Understanding the end-of-life decision making styles of Chinese older adults is an important goal, especially against a backdrop of global population aging. Guided by the Shared Decision-making framework, we use data from 571 adults ages 50+ in Shanghai, China to develop statistically and conceptually distinct profiles of shared, delegated, and autonomous end-of-life decision making; and identify the psychosocial and health correlates of these profiles, and the impact of profile type on advance care planning. We use latent class analysis (LCA) to develop decision-making profiles capturing preferences for involvement in information exchange, deliberation, and decisional control in end-of-life decision-making. Four profiles emerged. Delegated decision makers (16%) almost all prefer to have family or doctors make their treatment and care placement plans. Lead decision makers (49%) want to take the lead in information exchange and final decisions, although they value collaborative discussions. Acquiescent decision makers (15%) prefer to follow their family’s wishes, if discrepant preferences exist. Autonomous decision makers (19%) prefer not to engage others in any process. Older age is associated with delegated decision making, whereas higher income and education are associated with autonomous decision-making. Acquiescent decision makers are less likely to have thought about or discussed their end-of-life wishes, despite their preferences for sharing decisions. Our results reveal great diversity in older adults’ approaches to autonomous versus shared end-of-life decision making, and thus health care providers must devise tailored approaches for working with older patients and their families.
RACIAL EQUITY IN NEW DEAL EMPLOYMENT AND LONG-TERM MORTALITY IN US COUNTIES
Authors: Rehkopf David , Guevara Ivan Mejia , Modrek Sepideh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Public Emergency Work was a critical policy action during the New Deal used to address the unemployment of the Great Depression (1929-1941). Due to local control of hiring, there were substantial geographic differences in Public Emergency employment by race, relative to need for work. We examined the associations of Black-White differences in the relative equity of county level Public Emergency Work relief in 1940 with county level age 65 to 84 mortality from 2000 to 2019. We find that counties that strongly favored Black workers in Public Emergency Work programs in 1940 had lower mortality rates for both Black and White individuals from 2000 to 2019, as compared to counties that strongly favored hiring White workers. These findings suggest that there are meaningful connections between the structures that influenced the local level implementation of social policies at least as far back as 1940, with recent county mortality differences.
IPUMS MULTIGENERATIONAL LONGITUDINAL PANEL
Authors: Fitch Catherine , Ruggles Steven 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Over the past five years, the IPUMS Multigenerational Longitudinal Panel (MLP) has constructed a massive longitudinal population panel by linking together American censuses, surveys, administrative sources, and vital records spanning the period from 1850 to the present. MLP is designed as a general-purpose resource for studying longitudinal processes and long-run social and economic change. By linking individuals across generations from birth through death using data from multiple sources, MLP enables reproducible research on shifting patterns of life course patterns and intergenerational processes. The large scale of the MLP database allows researchers both to study particular communities and small dispersed populations and to conduct big studies spanning many places and periods. Mounting evidence shows that early life social, economic, policy, and environmental exposures are important drivers of later life cognitive, health, and economic outcomes. MLP creates unprecedented opportunities for prospective analyses of the impact of early-life exposures on a wide range of later-life outcomes.
A HISTORY OF ENVIRONMENTAL INJUSTICE: SEGREGATION AND AIR POLLUTION IN 1940 AND 2010 IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Shearston Jenni , Shan Xiaorong , Henneman Lucas , Mobley Taylor , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose , Morello-Frosch Rachel , Casey Joan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Air pollution is inequitably distributed across the United States, whereby minoritized racial/ethnic groups have greater exposure and consequent health effects. To understand present-day disparities, it is important to understand changes over time. We compared relationships between county-level air pollution and segregation in 1940 and present-day (2010). We calculated segregation as the Dissimilarity Index (Black vs non-Hispanic white population) using Census data. We evaluated three air pollution emission sources: oil/gas well locations (Enverus), fossil fuel powerplant locations (Energy Information Administration, Environmental Protection Agency), and gasoline consumption (proxy for traffic-related air pollution; Federal Highway Administration). We estimated rurality-stratified associations between each segregation/pollution pair by year with non-linear generalized additive models, adjusted for population density and within-state clustering. Mean county-level segregation decreased from 1940 to 2010 for rural (-33%) and urban (-42%) counties. In 1940, we found more oil/gas wells and lower gasoline consumption in rural counties with higher segregation (&gt;median). For example, if segregation increased from the median to the 75th percentile, we observed a 0.15 kg/year decrease (95% confidence interval: -0.23, -0.07) in gasoline consumption. We saw no association between segregation and powerplants in rural 1940 counties, but observed fewer powerplants and lower gasoline consumption in counties with less segregation (&lt; median) in 2010. In 1940, we found fewer oil/gas wells in urban counties with higher segregation. We found suggestive evidence of a relationship between segregation and air pollution in 1940 and 2010, with substantial differences by rurality. Policy to reduce air pollution should consider historical exposure inequities in emission sources.
QUALITY OF LIFE OF OLDER INFORMAL CAREGIVERS IN SWEDEN: CAREGIVER PROFILES AND RELATED FACTORS
Authors: Kirvalidze Mariam , Mateo-Abad Maider , Ayala Alba , Bernal-Alonso Amaya , Forjaz Maria João , Rodríguez-Blázquez Carmen , Calderón-Larrañaga Amaia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Older adults are increasingly stepping into informal caregiving roles, primarily due to the inadequacy of formal care services to meet their growing demands. We aimed at identifying profiles of older caregivers according to their quality of life (QoL), and describing the factors characterizing them. A cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study was conducted, including informal caregivers from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen. The study included a total of 1382 observations, corresponding to 994 caregivers aged 60 and above, from waves 1 (2001) to 5 (2013). Multiple Correspondence Analysis combined with cluster analysis were used to obtain the caregiver profiles according to the items of SF-12 QoL instrument. Multinomial regression was performed to determine which demographic, clinical and psychosocial factors were related to belonging to each profile. Three caregiver profiles were identified according to the physical and mental health domains of their QoL. People with good QoL (58%) had better mental and physical health status, and reported a lower caregiver burden. People with intermediate QoL (35%) were older than those in the other profiles and, along with the group with poor QoL (7%), had worse health status and often received care themselves. The poor QoL group was also characterized by higher prevalence of depression and perception of burden, and lower levels of social support. Different modifiable factors are associated with the QoL of older informal caregivers, especially in the mental health domain, and could thus be the target of future preventive interventions.
KINSHIP STRUCTURES FOR LEFT BEHIND OLDER ADULTS IN HIGH OUTMIGRATION CONTEXTS
Authors: Matos-Moreno Amilcar , Alburez-Gutierrez Diego , Williams Ivan , Verdery Ashton , Fernandez Mariana , Santos-Lozada Alexis 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Migration accelerates population aging in high-outmigration contexts; however, the familial structure of older adults left behind has yet to be studied. Evidence suggests that left behind older adults are at higher risk of reduced support networks and increased caregiving burden. This study aims to estimate the kinship structures of older adults, kinlessness, and the presence of migrant kin in Puerto Rico. Data come from the United Nations World Population Prospects from 1950 to 2021. We created a two-sex time-variant model to estimate the kinship structure of older adults in Puerto Rico for 2021. Further, we created a multistate model to estimate the prevalence of transnational family members and their relationship with older adults. Our models suggest that a person born in 1950 will have, in 2021, on average, 5.22 close family members: 1.3 daughters, 1.2 sons, 1.8 sisters, and 1.5 brothers. As they continue to age, the prevalence of female kin supersedes the male presence in the family. Migration is predominant in descendent kins (daughters and nieces). Adults between 20 to 40 are expected to have 0.30 migrant daughters. Older adults between the ages of 60 and 65 have lost 44% of their daughters to migration a lower estimate when compared to adults of the age of 50 or younger (55%). Models suggest that future generations of Puerto Rican older adults will have an increased presence of transnational family members. Thus, public health strategies must adapt to address the need for “new families” in upcoming generations of older adults.
INCREMENTAL HEALTH CARE COSTS OF A SIMPLE MEASURE OF PHENOTYPIC FRAILTY IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Ensrud Kristine , Schousboe John , Fink Howard , Kats Allyson , Sheets Kerry , Taylor Brent , Boyd Cynthia , Langsetmo Lisa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Frailty defined by the CHS phenotype is associated with higher subsequent total healthcare expenditures in community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries after accounting for claims-based cost indicators. However, frailty assessment using the 5 component CHS phenotype is often not feasible in clinical practice. Our objective was to determine whether frailty assessed using the simple SOF phenotype (3 components: weight loss, inability to rise from chair 5 times without using arms, poor energy) is associated with subsequent incremental costs after accounting for claims-based measures of multimorbidity and frailty. We utilized a multi-cohort dataset with frailty phenotype measurements linked with Medicare claims composed of 8157 community-dwelling fee-for-service beneficiaries. Healthcare costs were ascertained for 36 months after frailty assessment. Average annualized total healthcare costs (2023 US dollars) were $14945 in women and $15693 in men. After accounting for claims-based indicators of multimorbidity and frailty, average incremental costs of SOF phenotypic frailty (2 or 3 components) vs robust (none) were $7088 in women and $5909 in men, only slightly lower than incremental costs of CHS phenotypic frailty ($9372 in women and $6518 in men). SOF phenotypic frailty in both sexes was associated with higher subsequent expenditures in inpatient, skilled nursing facility and home healthcare sectors. In conclusion, frailty assessed by the parsimonious SOF phenotype is associated with higher subsequent total and sector-specific expenditures after accounting for claims-based indicators. SOF phenotypic frailty can be readily assessed in space-constrained clinic exam rooms and time-limited clinical practice settings to improve identification of older adults at high risk of costly care.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A MORTALITY PREDICTION MODEL AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER FRAIL ADULTS: UK BIOBANK
Authors: Wu Chenkai , Xu Jianhong , Wang Yanxin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Research has identified numerous risk factors for frailty and developed prediction models for the onset of frailty. However, little is known about how multimodal risk factors collectively influence the prognosis of frailty. We developed and validated prediction models for mortality risk among the frail during a 10-year period. Data were from 15,404 frail individuals aged 37-73 years from the UK Biobank. The entire sample was divided into development set (n=14,272 from England and Wales) and validation set (n=1,132 from Scotland). We assessed the associations of 383 survey, 144 physical, and 59 biomarker predictors with all-cause mortality. Variable selection was conducted using LASSO and stepwise regression. We built a series of nested models: survey only (Model 1), survey+physical measurement (Model 2), and survey+physical measurement+biomarker (Model 3). Model performance was measured by discrimination, calibration, and reclassification. A total of 5,654 males and 9,750 females (63.3%) were included. Model 1 retained 122 survey predictors, Model 2 added 42 physical measurements, and Model 3 added 60 biomarkers. The C-statistic was 0.77, 0.80, and 0.79 in three models, respectively. Models 2 and 3 had improvement in reclassification in mortality risk over Model 1 (net reclassification index=0.111 and 0.029). The light gradient-boosting machine found age, cystatin C, FEV1, smoking, and employment status to be most important predictors. We have developed and validated a series of prediction models using multi-modal data to quantify mortality risk among the frail. The findings provide valuable insights into the design of patient-targeted intervention and management strategies.
LONGITUDINAL MEASURES OF FRAILTY AND MORTALITY
Authors: Seligman Benjamin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Assessment of frailty has become common in clinical settings to risk-stratify older adults. Understanding how to use repeated measurements answers important questions both for the clinical use of serial assessments and understanding frailty trajectories. Using the Health and Retirement Study, we calculated the most recent value, maximum, minimum, mean, standard deviation (SD), and slope of a deficit accumulation frailty index (FI) and the Fried frailty phenotype (FFP). We assessed the association of scaled values with mortality by Cox proportional hazards regression with adjustment for age, gender, and smoking status. We then used machine learning by LASSO regression to parsimoniously select variables associated with mortality. We found that the strongest association for the FI was its maximum value, with hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) 1.67 (1.60-1.74). For FFP this was the mean value, HR 1.56 (1.44-1.70). For both FI and FFP, HRs of the most recent, maximum, and mean values were similar in magnitude, with estimates ranging from 1.62-1.67 and 1.50-1.56 respectively. In LASSO regression, the FI measures (HRs) retained were the maximum (1.38), most recent (1.18), and SD (1.01). For FFP, these were the mean (1.37), maximum (1.07), most recent (1.05). These findings show that maximum and most recent values of frailty tend to be most strongly associated with mortality. For clinicians, this means that the most recent assessment may be sufficient for many purposes. The associations of maximum frailty suggest that recovery may not lead to improved outcomes.