bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The current status of nanotechnological approaches to therapy and drug delivery in otolaryngology: A contemporary review
Authors: Burruss Clayton Prakash , Kacker Ashutosh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectives/HypothesisTo summarize the current standing of nanomedicine‐based technology, particularly nanoparticles (NPs), for drug delivery and diagnostic mechanisms in otolaryngology and the otolaryngology subspecialties.MethodsLiterature searches were performed using PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE from 2010 to 2022. The search focused on original articles describing developments and applications of nanotechnology and drug delivery in otology, neurotology, cranial base surgery, head and neck oncology, laryngology, bronchoesophagology, and rhinology. Keyword searches and cross‐referencing were also performed. No statistical analysis was performed.ResultsThe PubMed search yielded 29 articles, and two Ovid MEDLINE searches both yielded 7 and 26 articles, respectively. Cross‐referencing and keyword searches in PubMed and Google Scholar yielded numerous articles. The results indicate that currently, NPs are the most thoroughly studied nanotechnology for drug delivery and therapy in otolaryngology. Organic NPs have been utilized for drug delivery in otology and head and neck oncology due to their high biocompatibility. Inorganic NPs have similarly been utilized for drug delivery. However, inorganic NPs seem to be studied less extensively in these fields, likely due to an increased risk for heavy metal toxicity. Due to their magnetic properties, inorganic NPs have been utilized for magnetic‐guided delivery in otology and thermoradiation and magnetic resonance imaging in head and neck oncology. Applications of nanotechnology to the fields of laryngology, bronchoesophagology, and rhinology have been studied less compared with otology and head and neck oncology. However, researchers have primarily employed NPs and other nanotechnologies such as nanofibers and nanoclusters for drug elution at mucosal surfaces to reduce airway and nasal inflammation.ConclusionsNanomedicine offers potential benefits in the treatment of patients in the field of otolaryngology due to enhanced control over drug release, cell‐specific targeting, and the potential to reduce drug toxicity. Future work is needed to ensure the safety of these therapies to integrate this field of research into human therapies.
Assessing the Usability of an Instagram Filter in Monitoring Essential Tremor: A Proof‐of‐Concept Study
Authors: Ismail Ismail Ibrahim , Kamel Walaa A. , Al‐Hashel Jasem Youssef 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundSpiral drawing is an important test in monitoring essential tremor (ET). With the rise of telemedicine amid the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, a contactless tool for monitoring tremors was required. We aimed to assess the validity of a novel smartphone technology using a video‐based social media platform for rapid and objective monitoring of ET.MethodsA prospective pilot study evaluated patients with ET in 2 clinic visits. Videos of tremors were recorded using a publicly available Instagram filter and were visually compared with spirals drawn by the patients. The level of agreement among the raters was evaluated.ResultsA total of 12 patients with ET were recruited. A consensus between both raters was achieved for 11 patients (91.6%) for both spirals and videos with good interrater agreement (κ value, 0.755 ± 0.332).ConclusionThis novel method was found to be valid and easy to use in measuring ET in real‐world settings. Further research in a larger cohort is needed to suggest its use as a home‐based or clinic‐based monitoring tool.
A single heterozygous nonsense mutation in the TTC21B gene causes adult‐onset nephronophthisis 12: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Wang Dan , Chen Xionghui , Wen Qiong , Li Zhijian , Chen Wei , Chen Wenfang , Wang Xin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundNephronophthisis type 12 (NPHP 12) is a rare cilia‐related cystic kidney disease, caused by TTC21B mutation, mainly involving the kidneys, which generally occurs in children. Our study aimed to illustrate its clinical, pathological and genetic characteristics by reporting an adult‐onset case of NPHP 12 caused by a single heterozygous nonsense mutation of TTC21B confirmed by renal histology and whole exome sequencing and reviewing related literature with a comparative analysis of the clinical features of each case. It will further increase the recognition of this rare kidney genetic disease, which sometimes can manifest as an adult disease.ResultsA 33‐years‐old man showed a chronic disease course, and he exhibited slight renal dysfunction (CKD stage 3, eGFR = 49 ml/[min* 1.73 m2]) with renal tubular proteinuria, without any extrarenal manifestations, congenital malformation history of kidney disease, or family hereditary disease. Renal histological findings showed substantial interstitial fibrosis with some irregular and tortuous tubules with complex branches and segmental thickening and splitting of the tubular basement membrane. The patient was diagnosed with chronic interstitial nephritis for an unknown reason clinically. Further genetic analysis revealed a single heterozygous nonsense mutation in the TTC21B gene and NPHP 12 was diagnosed finally.ConclusionA single heterozygous mutation in the TTC21B gene may cause atypical NPHP12, which had a relatively later onset and milder clinical symptoms without developmental abnormalities. Therefore, for unexplained adult‐onset chronic interstitial nephritis with unusual changes of renal tubules and interstitial fibrosis, even without a clear history of hereditary kidney disease, genetic testing is still recommended. The correct diagnosis of this rare adult‐onset hereditary nephropathy can avoid unnecessary treatment.
Pumpkin Polysaccharide Extracted by Subcritical Water: Physicochemical Characterization and Anti‐Diabetic Effects in T2DM Rats
Authors: Ti Yongrui , Wang Weizhen , Wang Xiaoxiao , Ban Yuqian , Wang Peng , Zhang Yanli , Song Zihan 
Published: October 2022

ScopeThis study aims to optimize the extraction of pumpkin polysaccharide by subcritical water, investigates the physicochemical properties and biological activities of pumpkin polysaccharide.Methods and ResultsSubcritical water is used to extract pumpkin polysaccharide. The structure and composition of pumpkin polysaccharide are analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, gel filtration chromatography, and high‐performance liquid chromatography. The hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potential of pumpkin polysaccharide aere determined by the physicochemical indexes, pathological, and immunohistochemical analysis in T2DM rats induced by STZ + high‐fat diet. The optimal conditions for subcritical water are 1:15, 150°C, and 10 min. Pumpkin polysaccharide has α‐configurations and are mainly composed of seven different monosaccharides, and it exhibits good free‐radical scavenging ability and inhibition of α‐amylase, α‐glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase activities. Pumpkin polysaccharide treatment in T2DM rats significantly decreases the concentrations of blood glucose, insulin, TC, TG, LDL‐C, and MDA; increases the levels of HDL‐C; and enhances the antioxidant enzymes activities (SOD and CAT). Histopathology and immunohistochemical analyses reveal that pumpkin polysaccharide has protective effects on kidney and pancreatic organs in T2DM rats.ConclusionPumpkin polysaccharide extracted by SWE shows great potential as functional food ingredients and candidates for T2DM treatment.
Trade‐off between preamplifier noise figure and decoupling in MRI detectors
Authors: Wang Wenjun , Zhurbenko Vitaliy , Sánchez‐Heredia Juan Diego , Ardenkjær‐Larsen Jan Henrik 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThere is a limit to the maximum achievable preamplifier decoupling. In many cases, this level is not enough. To overcome this limit, the preamplifier noise figure can be compromised for further decoupling increase. This is useful in flexible MRI arrays where ensuring coil insensitivity to changes in other array elements is a challenge.MethodsThis work establishes the relation between the preamplifier noise figure and preamplifier decoupling using closed‐form equations. These equations allow the evaluation of preamplifier decoupling properties and benchmark different preamplifiers against each other. The method to design the corresponding decoupling networks is described. The derived generalized design equations, which are not limited to 50 Ω pre‐matched preamplifiers, greatly improve design flexibility and enable use of new amplifiers in MRI detectors.ResultsUsing the method, the decoupling properties of three preamplifiers are studied. For demonstration, the coil decoupling is further increased by 10.8 dB using one of the preamplifiers. The noise figure is sacrificed by 0.5 dB, which is predicted by equations and verified experimentally. Although examples are shown for 3 T systems at 32.13 MHz and 127.7 MHz, the approach and equations apply to any field strength and nucleus.ConclusionPreamplifier decoupling can be improved beyond what is possible by traditional approaches. The derived design equations cover a wide range of cases, including inductive coils and self‐resonant low‐impedance and high‐impedance coils.
Aptamer‐Based Cancer Cell Analysis and Treatment
Authors: Wu Limei , Zhang Yutong , Wang Zhimin , Zhang Yue , Zou Jianmei , Qiu Liping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAptamers are a class of single‐stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides that can exclusively bind to various targets with high affinity and selectivity. Regarded as “chemical antibodies”, aptamers possess several intrinsic advantages, including easy synthesis, convenient modification, high programmability, and good biocompatibility. In recent decades, many studies have demonstrated the superiority of aptamers as molecular tools for various biological applications, particularly in the area of cancer theranostics. In this review, we focus on recent progress in developing aptamer‐based strategies for the precise analysis and treatment of cancer cells.
Spray binder for automated preforming: Spray process and preform properties
Authors: Möllers Hendrik , Schmidt Carsten , Meiners Dieter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA closer look was taken at a spray binder and the properties of the preforms made with said binder and non‐crimp carbon fiber textiles. First the spray process was analyzed, then T‐peel and three point flexural tests were carried out to compare the spray binder to other binder systems. While the spray binder showed higher peel strength than most binders found in literature, the measured flexural strength was lower than the values found for powder.
A new approach to dynamic forecasting of cavity pressure and temperature throughout the injection molding process
Authors: Pabst Rodolfo Gabriel , de Souza Adriano Fagali , Brito Alexandro Garro , Ahrens Carlos Henrique 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe injection molding process is very sensitive to ordinary environmental alterations, as the numerical simulation is limited to within one injection cycle, and it cannot predict transient regimes. The present study presents a new approach based on SARIMAX models developed to predict the temperature and pressure inside the mold cavity. The proposed approach was developed in Python language, and it can identify the behavior of the process, allowing preventive actions. Experimental data of temperature and pressure obtained in real‐time inside an injection mold were accessed to use and to validate the proposed model. The results showed its efficiency and its high accuracy for predicting variations in temperature and pressure inside the mold, even when using a small number of samples to be trained. The proposed model can be very useful for monitoring the production of mechanical parts, under an Industry 4.0 environment. For future works, the model enables a contribution toward digital twins of a molded part, considering all the alteration on the parts' properties due to the disturbance on the injection molding process. Furthermore, it lays the groundwork for a new injection machine control system architecture.
Potential of variegated lady beetle Hippodamia variegata in management of invasive tomato potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli
Authors: Sarkar Shovon Chandra , Milroy Stephen Paul , Xu Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe tomato potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) is a new invasive pest in Western Australia, which may disperse across the whole of Australia within a few years and cause significant economic losses. Chemical control is the most widely used approach to manage B. cockerelli, but insect resistance, chemical residue and effects on non‐target species have become an increasing concerned. Therefore, in this study, the biocontrol potential of variegated lady beetle, Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) was investigated. The impact of utilizing B. cockerelli as a food source on the predator's development and reproduction was assessed by formulating age‐stage, two sex life tables. The predatory potential of H. variegata on B. cockerelli nymphs was assessed in a closed arena and the effects of releasing H. variegata for the control of B. cockerelli were then evaluated.RESULTSH. variegata could successfully develop and oviposit when feeding on B. cockerelli. However, both survival and the rate of development were higher for H. variegata feeding on Myzus persicae (Sulzer) than B. cockerelli or a mixed population of B. cockerelli and M. persicae. A type II functional response was observed for H. variegata. In the greenhouse, the releases of H. variegata larvae reduced the number of B. cockerelli nymphs by up to 66% and adults by up to 59%, which positively influenced the plant chlorophyll content and biomass.CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrated the potential of the resident generalist predator, H. variegata as a biocontrol agent for the invasive pest, B. cockerelli, which may help improving current management strategies. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Fitness cost of spinosad resistance related to vitellogenin in Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)
Authors: Hua Dengke , Li Xiaoyu , Yuan Jiangjiang , Tao Min , Zhang Kun , Zheng Xiaobin , Wan Yanran , Gui Lianyou , Zhang Youjun , Wu Qingjun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis, a worldwide agricultural pest, has developed resistance to an array of insecticides. Spinosad resistance confers an apparent fitness cost in F. occidentalis. In the present study, we compared the reproductive capacities, ovary development, and the expression of the vitellogenin (Vg) gene in spinosad‐susceptible (Ivf03) and ‐resistant (NIL‐R) near isogenetic lines of F. occidentalis in order to clarify the reason for the fitness cost in spinosad resistance.ResultsThe NIL‐R strain exhibited a 17.9% decrease in fecundity (eggs laid per female) as compared to the Ivf03 strain, and the ovariole was significantly shortened by 2.8% in the NIL‐R strain relative to the Ivf03 strain. Compared to the Ivf03 strain, the expression levels of Vg mRNA and protein were downregulated by 33.7% and 32.9% in the NIL‐R strain, respectively. Moreover, interference with the Vg gene significantly reduced the expression levels of Vg mRNA and protein, and decreased ovariole length, survival rates and the fecundity of both strains.ConclusionThe results indicate that the downregulated expression of Vg may contribute to the reduction of ovariole length and consequently to a fitness cost in spinosad‐resistant F. occidentalis. The results not only increase our understanding of the evolution of insecticide resistance, but also could contribute to the formulation of control strategy of F. occidentalis. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Boroxine benzaldehyde complex for pharmaceutical applications probed by electron interactions
Authors: Pereira‐da‐Silva Joao , Nunes Ana , Mendes Monica , Rodrigues Rodrigo , Cornetta Lucas , Ferreira da Silva Filipe 
Published: October 2022

Rationale2,4,6‐Tris(4‐formylphenyl)boroxine (TFPB) is a substituted boroxine containing a benzaldehyde molecule bonded to each boron atom. Boroxine cages are an emerging class of functional nanostructures used in host–guest chemistry, and benzaldehyde is a potential radiosensitizer. Reactions initiated by low‐energy electrons with such complexes may dictate and bring new fundamental knowledge for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.MethodsThe electron ionization properties of TFPB are investigated using a gas‐phase electron–molecule crossed beam apparatus coupled with a reflectron time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer in an orthogonal geometry. Ionization and threshold energies are experimentally determined by mass spectra acquisition as a function of the electron energy.ResultsThe abundance of the molecular precursor cation in the mass spectrum at 70 eV is significantly lower than that of the most abundant fragment C7H5O+. Twenty‐nine cationic fragments with relative intensities >2% are detected and identified. The appearance energies of six fragment cations are reported, and the experimental first ionization potential is found at
eV. Moreover, eight double cations are identified. The present results are supported by quantum chemical calculations based on bound state techniques, electron ionization models and thermodynamic thresholds.ConclusionsAccording to these results, the TPFB properties may combine the potential radiosensitizer effect of benzaldehyde with the stability of the boroxine ring.
Make online content accessible
Authors: Talarico Donna 
Published: October 2022

When you’re creating social media graphics, downloadable lead magnets, new academic program pages for your website, and email newsletters, are you keeping accessibility in mind? I certainly hope so. It’s not only required by federal law for many colleges and universities, but it’s simply the right thing to do — and will most likely lead to a better experience for all, not just for students with disabilities.
When stronger patent law reduces patenting: Empirical evidence
Authors: Hou Yun , Png I.P.L. , Xiong Xi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryTheoretically, stronger legal protection affects strategic portfolios in two ways. As each patent becomes more effective, the gain from multiple patents would be less, reducing the demand for patents (negative inframarginal effect). With the effective price of patent protection being lower, the demand for protection and patents would increase (positive marginal effect). The net effect is more likely to be negative in complex technology industries, and magnified by patent ownership fragmentation, manufacturing assets, technological competition, and size. Exploiting variation in the shift in patent law due to the Federal Circuit Appeals Court (CAFC), we find that the average increase in patent protection due to the CAFC led businesses to reduce strategic patenting by 23.3%, and the contingent effects accorded with the hypotheses.Managerial SummaryHow should businesses adjust patent portfolios to changes in the legal protection of patents? As each patent becomes more effective, the gain from multiple patents would be less, reducing the demand for patents. With the effective price of patent protection being lower, the demand for protection and patents would increase. The net effect is more likely to be negative where the stakes (costs of holdup or gain from exclusivity) are larger. Empirical evidence from strategic patenting by U.S. manufacturing businesses between 1986 and 1992 before and after changes in patent law due to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit supports our propositions.
Invisible multilingual Black and Brown girls: Raciolinguistic narratives of identity in science education
Authors: Harper Akira , Kayumova Shakhnoza 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBlack and Brown girls are underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. Although studies have examined the reasons for this by exploring Black and Brown girls' experiences based on culture, gender, and race, there is a need for specifically understanding how language contributes to racialized experiences in science education. This study fills this critical gap by presenting narratives of three academically talented multilingual girls from Black and Brown communities. Utilizing semi‐structured interviews, self‐identifying questionnaires, and identity‐as‐narrative analysis, this study demonstrates how the racialized experiences of these multilingual Black and Brown girls influenced their relations to science, ideas about the attributes of a science person, and developing science identities. The findings suggest that although the girls had a strong affiliation with science and academic achievement in science, the girls' experiences were racialized through raciolinguistic ideologies and dominant cultural practices of science, which left them invisibilized and unsure about pursuing a future career in STEM. The implications of this study underline the importance of looking at the problem of underrepresentation as an issue of identification, belonging, and representation rather than an of academic skill or interest.
Migration of Bisphenol‐A into packaged food simulants: Development of a novel MAE‐LDS‐ME strategy for the investigation of storage time and temperature
Authors: Zamani Bahman , Ghanati Kiandokht , Kamankesh Marzieh , Farhoodi Mehdi , Mohammadi Abdorreza 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this research, migration of bisphenol A from epoxy resin into 64 food simulants including tuna fish cans, eggplant cans and cherries cans have been measured. The effective of storage time in the range 0–180 days and storage temperature at 25 and 45°C were investigated. Microwave‐assisted extraction and low‐density solvent based on microextraction followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography has been applied to analyze migrated‐BPA. The limit of detection 2.7 ng ml−1 and limit of quantification 9.33 ng ml−1 were obtained for the proposed method. The results confirmed that the migration of BPA has been increased with raising the storage time and temperature. Also, the migration of BPA in oily simulant was higher than acidic simulant. The migrated‐BPA concentration range has been measured in the range 3.42–4165 ng ml−1. The highest amount of migrated‐BPA has been found for simulant of tuna fish cans at 45°C and the lowest amount of migrated‐BPA has been detected for simulant of cherries cans at 25°C.