bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Birth weight and head circumference for 22–29 weeks gestation neonates from an international cohort
Authors: Fenton Tanis R , Alshaikh Belal , Kusuda Satoshi , Helenius Kjell , Modi Neena , Norman Mikael , Lui Kei , Lehtonen Liisa , Battin Malcolm , Klinger Gil , Vento Maximo , Lastrucci Vieri , Gagliardi Luigi , Adams Mark , Marba Sérgio T M , Isayama Tetsuya , Hakansson Stellan , Bassler Dirk , Shah Prakesh S 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveSize at birth is a key indicator of in utero growth. Our objective was to generate sex-specific percentiles for birth weight and head circumference in neonates born between 22 and 29 weeks gestation from pregnancies without hypertension or diabetes and assess differences between vaginal and caesarean births and between singletons and twins.MethodsWe used data from 12 countries participating in the International Network for Evaluating Outcomes in Neonates database from 2007 to 2021. We excluded data that were influenced by truncation with 1500g birth weight cut-offs in databases and neonates with major congenital anomalies or born to mothers with hypertension or diabetes.ResultsAfter exclusions, 132 727 neonates contributed to birth weight and 65 406 contributed to head circumference. The percentiles of birth weight were similar between countries at the 50th and 90th percentiles, though variability was noted in the lower percentiles from countries with smaller sample sizes. Head circumference percentiles were comparable between countries. Caesarean births had birth weights similar to vaginal births until 26 weeks after which the weight at 10th percentile diverged by approximately 239 g at 29 weeks. Vaginal births had birth weights very similar to Hadlock’s intrauterine estimated fetal weights. There were no differences in head circumference between vaginal and caesarean births and between singletons and twins.ConclusionsWe present updated information on weight and head circumference at birth for preterm neonates of 22–29 weeks gestation born to mothers without hypertension or diabetes derived from a large multicountry cohort. Research is needed to explore the predictive value of these birth size data for health and developmental outcomes.
Helicobacter pylori infection and peptic ulcer disease in patients with advanced chronic liver disease
Authors: Carvalho Tania , Vieira Costa Francisca , Santos Sílvia Raquel , Costa Dalila , Fernandes Dália , Caetano Ana Célia 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionPeptic ulcer disease (PUD) is more prevalent in patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) than in the general population.Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection is the main aetiological factor in PUD. This study aims to assess the incidence, testing rate and eradication of Hp infection and PUD in patients with ACLD, along with the clinical impact of complicated PUD.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients with ACLD followed at the outpatient clinic ofUnidade Local de Saúde de Bragabetween 2018 and 2022. The incidence, testing and eradication rates of Hp infection were assessed, as well as the presence of uncomplicated and complicated PUD.ResultsOf the 740 patients with ACLD, 295 (40%) were tested for Hp through oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with gastric biopsies, of whom 125 (42%) tested positive for Hp. Of these, 53 patients (42%) underwent eradication. The EGD revealed PUD in 56 of the 295 patients (19%). In the multivariate analysis, Hp positivity (OR 2.328; p=0.007), alcohol consumption (OR 1.911; p=0.038) and no statin intake (OR 3.649; p=0.013) were independent predictors of uncomplicated PUD. Of the total 740 patients, 30 (4.1%) had complicated PUD (bleeding/perforation). 6 months after a complicated PUD episode, 12 patients (33%) had de novo/further hepatic decompensation, and 8 patients (27%) died due to decompensated ACLD.ConclusionsThe rate of Hp testing in patients with ACLD is low, while the incidence of Hp and PUD was high. Complicated PUD has significant morbidity in patients with ACLD. The testing and eradication of Hp in patients with complicated PUD are insufficient.
Identifying fatal poisonings using child fatality review, poison centre and death certificate data in the USA
Authors: Gaw Christopher E , Curry Allison E , Osterhoudt Kevin C , Helwig Sara , Wood Joanne N , Dykstra Heather , Corwin Daniel J 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThree sources used for poisoning surveillance—child fatality reviews (CFRs), poison centre (PC) calls and death certificates—employ disparate data methodologies. Our study objectives were to (1) characterise the number of fatalities captured by CFRs and PC data compared with death certificates by age and (2) compare demographic and substance characteristics of fatalities captured by the three sources.MethodsWe acquired CFR data from the National Fatality Review-Case Reporting System (NFR-CRS), PC calls from the National Poison Data System (NPDS) and death certificate data from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) on poisoning fatalities among children 0–17 years old between 2005 and 2020.ResultsA total of 6376 poisoning fatalities among children 0–17 years were reported to WONDER, 3460 to NFR-CRS and 1622 to NPDS. Using WONDER as the reference standard, NFR-CRS captured 71.1% of fatalities among infants, and 68.0% among children 1–4 years. NPDS captured 30.9% of fatalities among infants and 59.3% among children 1–4 years. Children≤4 years represented a greater proportion of fatalities in NFR-CRS (25.5%) and NPDS (37.0%) than WONDER (19.9%). NFR-CRS had a slightly higher proportion of fatalities involving Black or African American race (16.8%) compared with WONDER (14.4%). Opioids were the most common fatal substances associated with NFR-CRS and WONDER.ConclusionsFatality counts, as well as demographic and substance characteristics of those fatalities, differ between poisoning databases used by investigators and health agencies. Reliable death classification can improve data quality. Optimising poisoning fatality capture is critical for informing effective prevention strategies.
Development of Probiotics for Male Reproductive Tract Health: In Vitro Experiments and Clinical Trial on Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Mändar Reet , Smidt Imbi , Rööp Tiiu , Hoidmets Dagmar , Kilk Kalle , Zilmer Mihkel , Ausmees Kristo , Salumets Andres 
Published: January 2025

Background: Health of the male urogenital tract is closely related to the microbial communities in this anatomical area. Disturbed microbial communities can be balanced with the help of carefully selected strains in which the presence of both general and specific probiotic effects has been described.Objectives: We aimed to develop novel probiotic that could be used to support male reproductive health.Materials and Methods: Suitable lactobacilli strains were screened from culture collection in order to find the most suitable strains for male genital tract. Clinical trial included 10 volunteer men who considered themselves healthy. They consumed enteric‐coated oral capsules containing four lactobacilli strains. Blood markers and questionnaire data were recorded during the consumption period.Results: The selected lactobacilli strains (two L. crispatus, one L. gasseri, one L. ruminis) expressed good tolerance to high pH and antagonistic activity against prostatitis‐associated opportunistic bacteria. Metabolic profiling of the selected strains revealed beneficial properties for both reproductive and general health. The probiotic capsules appeared to be generally well tolerated during 1‐week period. No serious adverse events and no significant changes in haemogram were observed.Conclusions: The study confirmed that certain probiotic properties in lactobacilli are highly strain‐specific, and we succeeded to select a set of strains that can be suitable for supporting male reproductive health. Our study suggested that daily oral administration of the selected strains at the dose level of billion CFU/dose during 1 week is well tolerated by healthy middle‐aged men. Therefore, these strains seem to be promising candidates for the development of novel evidence‐based well‐focused probiotics to target male urogenital tract disorders. Their effectiveness must be confirmed in clinical trials on diseased patients.
Trends in Obesity Prevalence Among Adults With Hypertension in the United States, 2001 to 2023
Authors: Tu Jiabin , Chen Hongkui , Zeng Qingfeng , Chen Liling , Guo Yansong , Chen Kaihong 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:
Obesity is a factor contributing to the occurrence of hypertension and a risk factor for adverse outcomes in populations with hypertension. The changes in the prevalence of obesity in populations with hypertension remain unclear. Investigating the changes in the prevalence of obesity in populations with hypertension can provide information for the treatment and management of hypertension.

METHODS:

The clinical data from adults aged ≥20 years with hypertension were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001 to 2023. The primary outcome was the prevalence of obesity (body mass index≥30 kg/m
2
). The trend in the prevalence of obesity among American adults with hypertension was evaluated via a trend test.

RESULTS:

The age-standardized prevalence of obesity among populations with hypertension in America increased from 39.6% in 2001 to 55.4% in 2023 (
P
for trend<0.001). This trend was observed in men (35.4%–53.6%;
P
for trend<0.001) and women (45.6%–57.7%;
P
for trend<0.001) populations with hypertension. While the prevalence of grade II (35 kg/m
2
≤body mass index<40 kg/m
2
) and grade III obesity (body mass index≥40 kg/m
2
) increased significantly in both sexes, the prevalence of grade I obesity (30 kg/m
2
≤body mass index<35 kg/m
2
) increased significantly only in men (23.2%–30.0%;
P
for trend=0.003) and did not significantly change in women (22.2%–21.7%;
P
for trend=0.135).

CONCLUSIONS:
The prevalence of obesity among American adults with hypertension increased from 2001 to 2023. In men, the prevalence of grades I, II, and III obesity increased. Among women, the prevalence of only grades II and III obesity increased.
Reasons for and consequences of ethnic differences in parental support during the transition to apprenticeship training in Germany
Authors: Weißmann Markus 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we examined reasons for ethnic differences in parental support at the transition to apprenticeship training in Germany and their consequences for the likelihood of finding a training position and the likelihood of premature training termination. We extended previous research by focusing on three different types of parental support: help with writing applications, information about open training positions, and efforts towards getting their children a position. Using longitudinal data from Starting Cohort 4 (SC4) of the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), we show that part of ethnic differences in these types of support can be explained by measures of ethnicity-related background characteristics. Moreover, the relations of receiving-country-specific resources to parental support propensities seem to be domain specific. Furthermore, we find that only minority trainees benefit from writing support in terms of finding training and training success. In contrast, if parents made efforts to get their children a position, both minority and majority school-leavers are less likely to start training and, in the case of majority trainees, to finish training successfully. These are important findings as they give new insights into the reasons for ethnic disadvantages in parental support during the transition to apprenticeships and into the relation of different types of parental support to the training search success and premature termination risks.
Siblings’ class destinations: A study of the Norwegian upper class
Authors: Uvaag Stian A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Do individuals in the upper class have siblings with similar class positions to themselves? Using data based on the entire registered population in Norway, this article describes brothers' and sisters' class destinations with particular attention to the upper class and top wealth positions. The study first describes upper-class recruitment across families of different classes, finding similarities in siblings' social mobility. Concerning upper-class reproduction, first- and secondborn siblings from families with top wealth are particularly likely to both reach upper-class positions. Second, the paper describes how upper-class members tend to have siblings with similar class positions to themselves in terms of both vertical class and horizontal positions according to individuals' composition of cultural and economic capital. By adopting a class-theoretical framework for sibling outcomes, the work sheds light on the social connectedness between social class positions that emerge through intergenerational mobility. The wealthiest 0.2% are shown to have siblings who are disproportionally often not only situated in higher class positions, but also in the economic fraction of the upper and middle classes.
Refusal as a critique of the order of things: Bifurcations and utopian longings in contemporary rural France
Authors: Tournadre Jérôme 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This text questions the ‘theoretical hegemony’ that seems to characterize the concept of resistance when it comes to assessing a challenge to the social organization or its guardians. Refusal, which is presented here as a form of constructive defiance, in fact proves to be just as relevant for this purpose, particularly when it comes to understanding collective actions that are non-confrontational but express a critique of the order of things. This is what the ethnography of utopian collectives established in the French countryside tends to show. The women and men who compose them, individually driven by the desire to ‘no longer play the game’, slip collectively, on certain occasions, into the interstices of the social order, acting together in order to refuse certain of its social, political and economic norms. Their ways of doing things and the social relationships they then form can prefigure certain features of a ‘different future’.
How reception centers affect the integration of asylum seekers and recognized refugees
Authors: Khalil Samir , Tjaden Jasper 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
After arrival, asylum seekers are often housed in reception centers. The type, quality and duration of stay in such centers varies considerably across or within countries. In the context of the so-called “EU refugee crisis” in 2014-2016, reports emerged that some asylum seekers and refugees remained in reception centers for several years due to limited capacity of municipalities, lengthy asylum procedures and tight housing markets. It is often argued that reception centers have a detrimental effect on integration processes of asylum seekers and refugees, yet empirical, inferential evidence is still lacking. This paper estimates the medium-run effect of duration of residence in reception centers on language skills, contacts to the host population, and employment status. We use high-quality panel data on asylum seekers and refugees living in Germany and apply inverse-probability-weighting (IPW). The results suggest that a comparatively quick transition from reception centers into private housing modestly increases interactions with the host population and their language proficiency. We find no effects on labor market participation. Furthermore, we find that moving into private housing is often associated with a shift to more precarious neighborhoods, potentially hindering a stronger realization of the benefits linked to independent living in general.
School Segregation and Native Flight: Evidence from School Catchment Area Borders
Authors: Rogne Adrian Farner , Borgen Solveig Topstad , Nordrum Erlend 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although extensively theorized, determining the mechanisms that produce ethnic or racial segregation in schools and neighborhoods has proven difficult. We investigate one potential mechanism behind ethnic segregation; native flight from schools. In contexts where school enrollment is determined primarily by geographic proximity to schools, Native or White parents with a preference for schools with low minority concentrations may choose to move away from schools with higher minority concentrations among students, contributing to both residential and school segregation. Using detailed, population-wide, geo-coded register data on families and school catchment areas for elementary schools in Oslo, Norway, we investigate whether native parents move away from schools with higher shares of students with non-Western immigrant backgrounds. We first show that native origin families systematically move away from schools with high shares of students with non-Western immigrant backgrounds. Employing a Geographic Regression Discontinuity design, exploiting the fact that catchment area borders sort neighboring children into different schools, our results indicate that such moves may be causally linked to local school characteristics, not just their neighborhoods. This may contribute to segregation in schools and neighborhoods. However, the results are ambiguous and sensitive to model specifications, and more research is needed to draw firm conclusions.
Winning is the only thing. Election outcomes, satisfaction with democracy and political trust among populist voters in Europe
Authors: Quaranta Mario , Martini Sergio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent comparative and single-case studies have investigated the link between the electoral performance of populist parties and the political attitudes and behaviors of populist voters. However, they have not addressed what happens to populist voters' satisfaction with democracy and political trust when populist parties gain representation in parliament or join cabinets across countries and over time in Europe. This study argues that there are two possible expectations. According to a ‘winner-loser’ mechanism, populist voters' political trust and satisfaction might increase, thus bridging the gap with mainstream voters. Conversely, according to a ‘spiral of distrust’ mechanism, populist parties fuel discontent and populist voters' political trust and satisfaction might decrease. Analyses of nine rounds of the European Social Survey from 22 countries and LISS panel data from the Netherlands find that voters of populist parties have less satisfaction with democracy, trust in parliament, and politicians than voters of mainstream parties. However, these differences narrow over time when populist parties gain seats in parliament and enter the cabinet. This article shows that voters for populist parties might be ‘losers in disguise’ and that the performance of the parties they support serves as a corrective mechanism for their political dissatisfaction and distrust.
Clinical Value of Abnormal Prothrombin and Carbohydrate Antigen 125 in the Diagnosis of Patients With Gallbladder Cancer
Authors: Liu Yanguo , Wu Yanfang , He Shujie 
Published: January 2025

Objective This study was aimed at ascertaining the application value of abnormal prothrombin (PIVKA-II) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) in gallbladder cancer (GBC) diagnosis. Methods A total of 70 GBC patients, 70 patients with benign gallbladder diseases (gallbladder stones and gallbladder polyps), and 70 normal health examination people were selected as the malignant, benign, and normal groups, respectively. The differences in serum levels and positive rates of PIVKA-II and CA125 were compared. The correlation between serum PIVKA-II and CA125 levels and different clinicopathological characteristics (TNM stage and differentiation degree) of GBC patients was analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum PIVKA-II and CA125 for GBC, and sensitivity, specificity, and Youden’s index were calculated. Results Serum PIVKA-II and CA125 levels and positive rates of patients in the malignant group were higher vs those in the benign and normal groups. Gallbladder cancer patients at stages III-IV had higher serum PIVKA-II and CA125 levels than those at stages I-II, and poorly differentiated GBC patients had higher serum PIVKA-II and CA125 levels than moderately differentiated and well-differentiated GBC patients. The AUC of serum PIVKA-II and CA125 alone and in combination were 0.771, 0.789, and 0.866, respectively, and the AUC of the two combined was higher vs that of the two alone. Conclusion Serum PIVKA-II and CA125 levels in GBC patients are increased and have significant clinical application value in the diagnosis of GBC.
Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children With Down Syndrome in an Australian Population
Authors: Kim Rebecca , Teng Arthur , Soma Marlene 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known to be higher in children with Down syndrome (DS) than the general pediatric population, with lower rates of surgical cure. This study aims to determine the prevalence and predictors of OSA and evaluate the outcomes of surgical intervention for OSA in a cohort of Australian children with DS. Methodology: A retrospective chart review was conducted on 156 patients with DS from 0 to 18 years who had undergone overnight, attended polysomnography (PSG) at Sydney Children’s Hospital from January 2010 to July 2023. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between OSA and age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and tonsillar size. The outcomes of surgery were determined by comparing the pre-operative and post-operative PSG results. Results: The prevalence of OSA at first PSG was 65.8%, defined by an obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI) ≥1 event/hour. Elevated BMI in children above 2 years was associated with the presence of OSA (odds ratio [OR] = 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02-1.71). Male gender was a predictor for an OAHI >5 events/hour (OR = 4.01, 95% CI = 1.09-14.78). Among 35 patients who underwent adenotonsillectomy and had a valid pre-operative and post-operative PSG, median OAHI was reduced from 12.6 to 3.8 events/hour ( P = .002). In 13 patients who had secondary upper airway surgery, median OAHI was reduced from 8.5 to 2.6 events/hour ( P = .075). Conclusion: Children with DS and OSA who undergo surgical intervention may experience improvements to their PSG parameters.