bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer
Authors: Thuny Franck , Naidoo Jarushka , Neilan Tomas G 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Over the last decade or so, there has been a paradigm shift in the oncologic care of patients with a range of solid tumour and haematologic malignancies, away from traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy and towards personalized cancer treatments, using both targeted therapy and immunotherapy. This shift has contributed to the remarkable and sustained increase in the number of cancer survivors and the longevity of patients with a cancer diagnosis. This review will focus on the cardiovascular effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors and will present a background on immune checkpoint inhibition for cancer, the epidemiology, potential mechanisms, the potential insights into cardiovascular biology, and a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to potential cases. Our understanding of the cardiovascular effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors needs to improve. However, the evolution necessarily needs to be rapid. Initial observations noted that immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy can lead to a fulminant myocarditis. Recent reports have expanded the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy on the cardiovascular system to include an increase in cardiac dysfunction without myocarditis, arrhythmias, venous thromboembolic disease, accelerated atherosclerosis, and atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular events. The association between immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and an increase in these cardiovascular events is not only limited to events occurring within the first few weeks after starting therapy but can also include events that occur months to years after therapy. The latter observation is especially of relevance in those treated with adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy. There needs to be a shift from recognition of an increase in cardiovascular events to currently approved immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies to understanding the mechanisms that lead to adverse cardiovascular effects, understanding who is at risk, and understanding what we can do about it.
Review on the adsorption of airborne molecular contaminants in electronic industry cleanrooms
Authors: Lu Yuming , Cao Guoqing , Feng Xin , Wu Yanpeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Chemical filters based on porous media can effectively adsorb airborne molecular contaminants (AMCs) in electronic industry cleanrooms. In this article, the adsorption principle, adsorption model and performance characterization and evaluation of porous media are summarized. In addition, future research directions related to porous media are proposed: (i) development of new porous media with specific functional groups and higher specific surface area, (ii) construction of a multi-scale adsorption model depending on both macro- and micro-scales and (iii) establishment of a new method for evaluating the adsorption performance of chemical filters in an approximate real environment with low concentration and multiple target AMCs.
A tale of two applications: lessons learned from national LMIC COVID applications
Authors: Winkie Mitchell J , Nambudiri Vinod E 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMobile health (mHealth) technologies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have received increased attention for the significant potential benefits they can bring to underserved populations. As smartphones are becoming increasingly accessible, many stakeholders in the mHealth space have begun exploring smartphone applications as a means to impact individuals living within LMICs. With the COVID-19 pandemic straining healthcare systems around the world, many governments in LMICs turned to use smartphone applications to help support and manage their pandemic responses. By analyzing national COVID-19 applications created and launched by the Indian and Vietnamese governments, we highlight effective application functions and strategies, summarizing best practices for future LMIC application development.
The Legacy of Mental Distress Following Physical Illness in Childhood: Findings From the Australian Temperament Project
Authors: Olsson Catherine M , Letcher Primrose , Greenwood Christopher J , Moore Katie , Olsson Craig A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective
Childhood physical illnesses have been associated with heightened risk for mental health problems in adolescence and young adulthood; however, little is known about the natural history of this relationship. Here, we examine the nature of mental health adjustment to illness from diagnosis in childhood into adolescence and young adult life.

Methods
Data were drawn from a large population-based cohort. Parents reported whether their child had a physical illness at 5–6 and 7–8 years and whether they believed their child was so sick it was thought they might die. Depression and anxiety symptoms were reported by parents (for children 7–10 years) and self-reports (11–28 years).

Results
A total of 1,001 (56%) parents reported their child had a physical illness. Of these parents, 143 (8%) believed their child might die. Findings indicated there was some evidence of higher levels of depressive and anxious symptoms across late childhood and into early adolescence for those reporting a physical illness in childhood. A similar pattern was observed for those who were so sick it was thought they might die, although symptoms were elevated to a greater extent.

Conclusion
Although physical illness in middle childhood is associated with higher levels of depressive and anxious symptoms, by early adolescence, these differences diminish, indicating a process of adaptation that persists into young adulthood. This suggests a potentially sensitive period of adjustment to illness for some, especially for children who it was feared might die. Additional psychosocial assessment and support may be warranted across the “acute” illness period.
Evolution of massive stellar triples and implications for compact object binary formation
Authors: Stegmann Jakob , Antonini Fabio , Moe Maxwell 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Most back hole and neutron star progenitors are found in triples or higher multiplicity systems. Here, we present a new triple stellar evolution code, ${\tt TSE}$, which simultaneously takes into account the physics of the stars and their gravitational interaction. ${\tt TSE}$ is used to simulate the evolution of massive stellar triples in the galactic field from the zero-age main sequence until they form compact objects. To this end, we implement initial conditions that incorporate the observed high correlation between the orbital parameters of early-type stars. We show that the interaction with a tertiary companion can significantly impact the evolution of the inner binary. High eccentricities can be induced by the third-body dynamical effects, leading to a Roche lobe overflow or even to a stellar merger from initial binary separations 103–$10^5\, \rm R_\odot$. In $\sim 5\, {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the systems, the tertiary companion itself fills its Roche lobe, while $\sim 10\, {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of all systems become dynamically unstable. We find that between $0.3{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ and $5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of systems form a stable triple with an inner compact object binary, where the exact fraction depends on metallicity and the natal kick prescription. Most of these triples are binary black holes with black hole companions. We find no binary neutron star in any surviving triple, unless zero natal kicks are assumed. About half of all black hole binaries formed in our models are in triples, where in the majority, the tertiary black hole can perturb their long-term evolution. Our results show that triple interactions are key to a full understanding of massive star evolution and compact object binary formation.
The prokaryotic activity of the IGR IRESs is mediated by ribosomal protein S1
Authors: Roberts Luc , Wieden Hans-Joachim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) are RNA elements capable of initiating translation on an internal portion of a messenger RNA. The intergenic region (IGR) IRES of the Dicistroviridae virus family folds into a triple pseudoknot tertiary structure, allowing it to recruit the ribosome and initiate translation in a structure dependent manner. This IRES has also been reported to drive translation in Escherichia coli and to date is the only described translation initiation signal that functions across domains of life. Here we show that unlike in the eukaryotic context the tertiary structure of the IGR IRES is not required for prokaryotic ribosome recruitment. In E. coli IGR IRES translation efficiency is dependent on ribosomal protein S1 in conjunction with an AG-rich Shine-Dalgarno-like element, supporting a model where the translational activity of the IGR IRESs is due to S1-mediated canonical prokaryotic translation.
RNA helicase-dependent gene looping impacts messenger RNA processing
Authors: Terrone Sophie , Valat Jessica , Fontrodona Nicolas , Giraud Guillaume , Claude Jean-Baptiste , Combe Emmanuel , Lapendry Audrey , Polvèche Hélène , Ameur Lamya Ben , Duvermy Arnaud , Modolo Laurent , Bernard Pascal , Mortreux Franck , Auboeuf Didier , Bourgeois Cyril F 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDDX5 and DDX17 are DEAD-box RNA helicase paralogs which regulate several aspects of gene expression, especially transcription and splicing, through incompletely understood mechanisms. A transcriptome analysis of DDX5/DDX17-depleted human cells confirmed the large impact of these RNA helicases on splicing and revealed a widespread deregulation of 3′ end processing. In silico analyses and experiments in cultured cells showed the binding and functional contribution of the genome organizing factor CTCF to chromatin sites at or near a subset of DDX5/DDX17-dependent exons that are characterized by a high GC content and a high density of RNA Polymerase II. We propose the existence of an RNA helicase-dependent relationship between CTCF and the dynamics of transcription across DNA and/or RNA structured regions, that contributes to the processing of internal and terminal exons. Moreover, local DDX5/DDX17-dependent chromatin loops spatially connect RNA helicase-regulated exons with their cognate promoter, and we provide the first direct evidence that de novo gene looping modifies alternative splicing and polyadenylation. Overall our findings uncover the impact of DDX5/DDX17-dependent chromatin folding on pre-messenger RNA processing.
Amygdala neural ensemble mediates mouse social investigation behaviors
Authors: Wei Ji-an , Han Qing , Luo Zhihua , Liu Linglin , Cui Jing , Tan Jiahui , Chow Billy K C , So Kwok-Fai , Zhang Li 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Innate social investigation behaviors are critical for animal survival and are regulated by both neural circuits and neuroendocrine factors. Our understanding of how neuropeptides regulate social interest, however, is incomplete at the current stage. In this study, we identified the expression of secretin (SCT) in a subpopulation of excitatory neurons in the basolateral amygdala. With distinct molecular and physiological features, BLASCT+ cells projected to the medial prefrontal cortex and were necessary and sufficient for promoting social investigation behaviors, whilst other basolateral amygdala neurons were anxiogenic and antagonized social behaviors. Moreover, the exogenous application of secretin effectively promoted social interest in both healthy and autism spectrum disorder model mice. These results collectively demonstrate a previously unrecognized group of amygdala neurons for mediating social behaviors and suggest promising strategies for social deficits.
Arginine metabolism regulates the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Li Jun-Yi , Guo Yan-Chao , Zhou Hai-Feng , Yue Tian-Tian , Wang Fa-Xi , Sun Fei , Wang Wen-Zhu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is related to genetic susceptibility, enteric dysbiosis, and uncontrolled, chronic inflammatory responses that lead to colonic tissue damage and impaired intestinal absorption. As a consequence, patients with IBD are prone to nutrition deficits after each episode of disease resurgence. Nutritional supplementation, especially for protein components, is often implemented during the remission phase of IBD. Notably, ingested nutrients could affect the progression of IBD and the prognostic outcome of patients; therefore, they should be cautiously evaluated prior to being used for IBD intervention. Arginine (Arg) is a semi-essential amino acid required for protein synthesis and intimately associated with gut pathophysiology. To help optimize arginine-based nutritional intervention strategies, the present work summarizes that during the process of IBD, patients manifest colonic Arg deficiency and the turbulence of Arg metabolic pathways. The roles of Arg–nitric oxide (catalyzed by inducible nitric oxide synthase) and Arg–urea (catalyzed by arginases) pathways in IBD are debatable; the Arg–polyamine and Arg–creatine pathways are mainly protective. Overall, supplementation with Arg is a promising therapeutic strategy for IBD; however, the dosage of Arg may need to be carefully tailored for different individuals at different disease stages. Additionally, the combination of Arg supplementation with inhibitors of Arg metabolic pathways as well as other treatment options is worthy of further exploration.
A single amino acid transporter controls the uptake of priming-inducing beta-amino acids and the associated tradeoff between induced resistance and plant growth
Authors: Tao Chia-Nan , Buswell Will , Zhang Peijun , Walker Heather , Johnson Irene , Field Katie , Schwarzenbacher Roland , Ton Jurriaan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSelected β-amino acids, such as β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) and R-β-homoserine (RBH), can prime plants for resistance against a broad spectrum of diseases. Here, we describe a genome-wide screen of fully annotated Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA insertion lines for impaired in RBH-induced immunity (iri) mutants against the downy mildew pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, yielding 104 lines that were partially affected and four lines that were completely impaired in RBH-induced resistance (IR). We confirmed the iri1-1 mutant phenotype with an independent T-DNA insertion line in the same gene, encoding the high-affinity amino acid transporter LYSINE HISTIDINE TRANSPORTER 1 (LHT1). Uptake experiments with yeast cells expressing LHT1 and mass spectrometry-based quantification of RBH and BABA in leaves of lht1 mutant and LHT1 overexpression lines revealed that LHT1 acts as the main transporter for cellular uptake and systemic distribution of RBH and BABA. Subsequent characterization of lht1 mutant and LHT1 overexpression lines for IR and growth responses revealed that the levels of LHT1-mediated uptake determine the tradeoff between IR and plant growth by RBH and BABA.
Predictors of in-hospital mortality in HIV-infected patients with COVID-19
Authors: Moreno-Torres V , de Mendoza C , Martínez-Urbistondo M , Mills P , Treviño A , de la Fuente S , Díaz de Santiago A , Calderón-Parra J , Pintos-Pascual I , Corpas M , Soriano V 
Published: August 2022

Summary

Background
Underlying immunodeficiency is associated with severe COVID-19, but the prognosis of persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) with COVID-19 is under debate.
Aim: assessment of the mortality rate and major determinants of death in HIV-infected patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Spain before vaccine availability.
Design: Retrospective nationwide public database analysis.

Methods
Nationwide, retrospective, observational analysis of all hospitalizations with COVID-19 during year 2020 in Spain. Stratification was made according to HIV status. The National Registry of Hospital Discharges was used with the ICD-10 coding list.

Results
A total of 117 694 adults were hospitalized with COVID-19 during 2020. Only 234 (0.2%) were HIV-positives. More than 95% were on antiretroviral therapy. Compared to HIV-negatives, PWH were younger (mean age 53.2 vs. 66.5 years old; P&lt;0.001) and more frequently male (74.8% vs. 56.6%; P&lt;0.001). Most co-morbidities predisposing to severe COVID-19 (diabetes, hypertension, dementia and cardiovascular disease) were more frequent in HIV-negatives. In contrast, the rate of baseline liver disease was over 6-fold higher in PWH (27.4% vs. 4.4%; P&lt;0.001). In-hospital mortality was lower in PWH (9.4% vs. 16%; P=0.004). In multivariate analysis, older age, dementia and especially advanced liver disease (relative risk (RR): 7.6) were the major determinants of death in PWH hospitalized with COVID-19.

Conclusion
HIV-infected patients hospitalized in Spain with COVID-19 during 2020 had better survival than HIV-negatives, most likely explained by younger age and lower rate of co-morbidities. However, advanced liver disease was a major predictor of death in PWH hospitalized with COVID-19.
Minimally invasive surgical approach for abdominoscrotal hydrocele treatment: A case report
Authors: Siracusano Salvatore , Monti Martina , Magli Igino Andrea , Romantini Federico , Di Bartolomeo Maria Paola , Bernardini Antonio , Vicentini Carlo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Abdominoscrotal hydrocele (ASH) is a rare clinical finding comprising fluid collection between the layers of the tunica vaginalis, extending from the scrotum to the abdominal cavity. At present, there is no unique or recommended management for ASH, and different surgical treatments have been proposed. Despite an open surgical approach being the most common treatment, the use of laparoscopy has also previously been described. The most common intraoperative complication is devascularization of the testis due to damage to the spermatic cord, with consequent orchiectomy. We present a case of ASH treated with minimally invasive surgery, consisting of a right inguinotomy with puncture of the ASH by positioning a mono-J stent avoiding spermatic cord dissection and the risk of testis devascularization. Sclerotization of the hydrocelic sac with iodopovidone through a mono-J stent was performed with healing from ASH and preservation of testicular vascularization. Two months later, magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of scar tissue replacing the previous ASH cavity.
How has the COVID-19 pandemic changed treatment preferences of patients with proximal ureteral stones?
Authors: Yildiz Ali Kaan , Varan Ahmet , Kurt Hakan , Doluoglu Omer Gokhan , Ozgur Berat Cem 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on patient decision making remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the pandemic on treatment preferences of patients with proximal ureteral stones.

Materials and methods
Retrospective data regarding treatment preferences of patients diagnosed with symptomatic proximal ureteral stones between July 2018 and November 2021 at a single center were analyzed. Data from 493 patients were analyzed according to 2 groups, including patients diagnosed during the COVID-19 pandemic and those diagnosed during an equivalent period of time before the pandemic.

Results
Preference for conservative treatment increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.009). In patients who had previously undergone shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), the preference for SWL decreased and the preference for conservative treatment increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.042). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between a preference for conservative treatment during the pandemic and no prior spontaneous stone passage (p = 0.003; odds ratio [OR], 2.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45–4.23), no hydronephrosis (p = 0.035; OR, 3.57; 95% CI, 1.34–9.49), and a visual analog scale score of 4 or less (p = 0.018; OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.15–3.38).

Conclusions
A significant increase in the preference for conservative treatment was observed among patients diagnosed during the pandemic, and patients with a history of SWL demonstrated a preference shift from SWL to conservative treatment.
Association between ABO blood group and unfavorable prostate cancer features after radical prostatectomy: Retrospective study of 1149 patients
Authors: Porcaro Antonio Benito , Amigoni Nelia , Rizzetto Riccardo , Migliorini Filippo , Tafuri Alessandro , Piccoli Pierluigi , Tiso Leone , De Michele Mario , Bianchi Alberto , Gallina Sebastian , Ornaghi Paola Irene , Orlando Rossella , Cianflone Francesco , Gozzo Alessandra , Zecchini Antoniolli Stefano , Lacola Vincenzo , Brunelli Matteo , Cerruto Maria Angela , Artibani Walter , Antonelli Alessandro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To test hypothesized associations between the ABO blood group (ABO-bg) system and the pathological features of prostate cancer (PCa).

Material and methods
Between January 2013 and September 2019, 1173 patients underwent radical prostatectomy. Associations between ABO-bg levels and pathological features were evaluated using statistical methods.

Results
Overall, 1149 consecutive patients were evaluated using the ABO-bg system, which was represented by O-bg (42.8%) and A-bg (41.3%), followed by B-bg (11.1%) and AB-bg (4.8%). Only positive surgical margins (PSMs) was correlated with ABO-bg (Pearson correlation coefficient, r = 0.071; p = 0.017), and the risk was increased in group-O (odds ratio [OR], 1.497; 95% confidence interval, 1.149–1.950; p = 0.003) versus non–O-bg. In clinical and pathological models, O-bg was at increased risk of PSM after the adjustment for prostate-specific antigen, percentage of biopsy-positive cores, and high surgical volume (adjusted OR, 1.546; 95% confidence interval, 1.180–2.026; p = 0.002); however, the adjusted OR did not change after the adjustment for tumor load and stage as well as high surgical volume.

Conclusions
In clinical PCa, the risk of PSM was higher in O-bg versus non–O-bg patients after the adjustment for standard predictors. Confirmatory studies are needed to confirm the association between ABO-bg and unfavorable PCa features.
Description of Audiologic, Developmental, Ophthalmologic, and Neurologic Diagnoses at a Primary Care Clinic for Children in Foster Care
Authors: Reynoso Melissa , McLeigh Jill , Malthaner Lauren Q. , Stone Kimberly E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:

Objectives:
This study aimed to describe the prevalence of medically diagnosed audiologic, developmental, ophthalmologic, and neurologic conditions in a foster care primary care clinic and to identify any associations among these diagnoses and patient characteristics, placement type, and maltreatment type.

Methods:
This study used the electronic medical records for patients (n = 4977), aged 0 to 20 years, with at least 1 visit to an academic-affiliated medical center primary care clinic exclusively serving children in foster care between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2020. This study was a retrospective chart review. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Bivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between the outcome variables and each independent variable. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed using only significant independent variables from the bivariate analysis.

Results:
Overall, 3.5% of children had an audiologic diagnosis, 42% had a developmental diagnosis, 9.0% had an ophthalmologic diagnosis, and 4.5% had a neurologic diagnosis. There were increased odds of developmental delay with child neglect and medical complexity and decreased odds with Hispanic ethnicity, Black race, female sex, obesity, and shelter placement.

Conclusion:
These findings add to the limited data regarding medically diagnosed audiologic, developmental, ophthalmologic, and neurologic conditions for children in foster care in a primary care setting. A medical home may help children in foster care, who experience many barriers to comprehensive health care, to better identify and address these health conditions. Future studies are needed that examine health outcomes of children in foster care with these health conditions followed in a medical home.