bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of a multidisciplinary transition clinic for youth with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Wongyai Wariya , Boonchaya‐anant Patchaya , Laichuthai Nitchakarn , Aroonparkmongkol Suphab , Veerapong Varaporn , Leepulsup Suwaputr , Teeratongdee Chantaporn , Anunapibut Nuntawan , Sahakitrungruang Taninee 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundEmerging adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have several challenges regarding diabetes management and care transition from pediatric to adult services. In this study we aimed to assess the effectiveness of the newly established transition clinic for emerging adults with T1D.MethodsWe conducted an observational study of emerging adults with T1D treated in a transition clinic jointly operated by a pediatric and adult multidisciplinary care team during 2019–2021. A retrospective chart review of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), frequency of clinic attendance, acute diabetes‐related complications, assessment of gaps in knowledge and behavior, and psychosocial outcomes was analyzed.ResultsA total of 21 patients with T1D were included. Median age at the transfer to the transition clinic was 24 years (range 21–34). Fifteen patients (71%) were successfully transferred to adult services; mean duration of follow‐up at the transition clinic was 9.2 months (SD 3.9). None of the patients was lost to follow‐up or experienced serious diabetes related complications. Mean (95% confidence interval) HbA1c levels decreased from 8.97% (7.87–10.07) at baseline to 8.25% (7.45–9.05) at the most recent visit (p = 0.01). A proportion of patients achieving the glycemic target (HbA1c < 7.5%) was increased from 24% at the first visit to 38% at the most recent visits. Patients' HbA1c levels at the adult clinic continued a favorable trend. Seven patients (33%) were identified as having symptoms of depression. Knowledge and behavioral gaps were identified and counselled by clinical care team.ConclusionThe multidisciplinary transition clinic has shown to be beneficial in terms of improving glycemic control, maintaining continuity of care and clinic attendance.
Avoiding One‐Electron Oxidation of Biomolecules by 3,4‐Dihydroxy‐L‐Phenylalanine (DOPA)†
Authors: Neyra Recky Jael R. , Dántola M. Laura , Lorente Carolina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt has been proposed that 3,4‐dihydroxy‐L‐phenylalanine (DOPA) has antioxidant properties, and thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of adding DOPA during the photosensitized oxidation of tyrosine (Tyr), tryptophan (Trp), histidine (His), 2′‐deoxyguanosine 5′‐monophosphate (dGMP) and 2′‐deoxyadenosine 5′‐monophosphate (dAMP). It was observed that, upon pterin‐photosensitized degradation of a given biomolecule in acidic aqueous solutions, the rate of the biomolecule consumption decreases due to the presence of DOPA. Although DOPA deactivates the excited states of pterin (Ptr), biomolecules do as well, being the bimolecular quenching constants in the diffusional control limit, indicating that DOPA antioxidant mechanism is not a simple deactivation of Ptr excited states. Laser flash photolysis experiments provide evidence of the formation of DOPA radical (DOPA(–H)•, λMAX 310 nm), which is formed in a timescale longer than Ptr triplet excited state (3Ptr*) lifetime, ruling out its formation in a reaction between DOPA and 3Ptr*. The experimental results presented in this work indicate that the observed decrease on the rate of each biomolecule consumption due to the presence of DOPA is through a second one‐electron transfer reaction from DOPA to the biomolecule radicals.
C‐type lectin receptors in antifungal immunity: Current knowledge and future developments
Authors: Hatinguais Remi , Willment Janet A. , Brown Gordon D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractC‐type lectin receptors (CLRs) constitute a category of innate immune receptors that play an essential role in the antifungal immune response. For over two decades, scientists have uncovered what are the fungal ligands recognized by CLRs and how these receptors initiate the immune response. Such studies have allowed the identification of genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding for CLRs or for proteins involved in the signalisation cascade they trigger. Nevertheless, our understanding of how these receptors functions and the full extent of their function during the antifungal immune response is still at its infancy. In this review, we summarize some of the main findings about CLRs in antifungal immunity and discuss what the future might hold for the field.
Is regulatory innovation fit for purpose? A case study of adaptive regulation for advanced biotherapeutics
Authors: De Grandis Giovanni , Brass Irina , Farid Suzanne S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe need to better balance the promotion of scientific and technological innovation with risk management for consumer protection has inspired several recent reforms attempting to make regulations more flexible and adaptive. The pharmaceutical sector has a long, established regulatory tradition, as well as a long history of controversies around how to balance incentives for needed therapeutic innovations and protecting patient safety. The emergence of disruptive biotechnologies has provided the occasion for regulatory innovation in this sector. This article investigates the regulation of advanced biotherapeutics in the European Union and shows that it presents several defining features of an adaptive regulation regime, notably institutionalized processes of planned adaptation that allow regulators to gather, generate, and mobilize new scientific and risk evidence about innovative products. However, our in‐depth case analysis highlights that more attention needs to be paid to the consequences of the introduction of adaptive regulations, especially for critical stakeholders involved in this new regulatory ecosystem, the capacity and resource requirements placed on them to adapt, and the new tradeoffs they face. In addition, our analysis highlights a deficit in how we currently evaluate the performance and public value proposition of adaptive regulations vis‐à‐vis their stated goals and objectives.
Enterprise risk management for automation in correctional facilities with pandemic and other stressors
Authors: Andrews Daniel J. , Eddy Timothy L. , Hollenback Kelsey S. , Sreekumar Shravan , Loose Davis C. , Pennetti Cody A. , Polmateer Thomas L. , Haug James C. , Oliver‐Clark Lessie I. , Williams Joi Y. , Manasco Mark C. , Smith Steven , Lambert James H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractReal‐time tracking of tool and equipment inventories is a critical function of many organizations and sectors. For prisons and correctional facilities, tracking and monitoring of assets such as cookware, hardware, keys, janitorial equipment, vocational/technical specialty tools, etc., is essential for safety, security, trust, efficiency, education, etc. The performance of automated systems for this purpose can be diminished by a variety of emergent and future sociotechnical factors alone and in combination. This article introduces a methodology for contractor evaluation and selection in acquisition of innovative asset management systems, with an emphasis on evolving system requirements under uncertainty. The methodology features a scenario‐based preferences analysis of emergent and future conditions that are disruptive to the performance of the asset‐control system. The conditions are across technologies, operating environments, regulations, workforce behaviors, offender behaviors, prices and markets, organizations, cyber threats, etc. The methodology addresses the influence and interaction of the conditions to disrupt system priorities. Examples include: (i) infectious disease disrupting priorities among requirements and (ii) radio‐frequency identification (RFID) and wireless‐technology innovations disrupting priorities among stakeholders. The combinations of conditions that most and least matter for the system acquisition are characterized. The methodology constitutes a risk register for monitoring sources of risk to project performance, schedule, and cost throughout the system lifecycle. The results will be of interest to both practitioners and scholars engaged in systems acquisition as the pandemic interacts with other factors to affect risk, uncertainty, and resilience of organizational missions and operations.
Behavioral pathways to private well risk mitigation: A structural equation modeling approach
Authors: Mooney Simon , Boudou Martin , O'Dwyer Jean , Hynds Paul D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractComplex, multihazard risks such as private groundwater contamination necessitate multiannual risk reduction actions including seasonal, weather‐based hazard evaluations. In the Republic of Ireland (ROI), high rural reliance on unregulated private wells renders behavior promotion a vital instrument toward safeguarding household health from waterborne infection. However, to date, pathways between behavioral predictors remain unknown while latent constructs such as extreme weather event (EWE) risk perception and self‐efficacy (perceived behavioral competency) have yet to be sufficiently explored. Accordingly, a nationwide survey of 560 Irish private well owners was conducted, with structural equation modeling (SEM) employed to identify underlying relationships determining key supply management behaviors. The pathway analysis (SEM) approach was used to model three binary outcomes: information seeking, post‐EWE action, and well testing behavior. Upon development of optimal models, perceived self‐efficacy emerged as a significant direct and/or indirect driver of all three behavior types—demonstrating the greatest indirect effect (β = −0.057) on adoption of post‐EWE actions and greatest direct (β = 0.222) and total effect (β = 0.245) on supply testing. Perceived self‐efficacy inversely influenced EWE risk perception in all three models but positively influenced supply awareness (where present). Notably, the presence of a vulnerable (infant and/or elderly) household member negatively influenced adoption of post‐EWE actions (β = −0.131, p = 0.016). Results suggest that residential and age‐related factors constitute key demographic variables influencing risk mitigation and are strongly mediated by cognitive variables—particularly self‐efficacy. Study findings may help contextualize predictors of private water supply management, providing a basis for future risk‐based water interventions.
More support, knowledge and awareness are needed to prepare emergency department nurses to approach potential intimate partner violence victims
Authors: Aregger Lundh Annika , Tannlund Carolina , Ekwall Anna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntimate partner violence is a global health issue. In the emergency department, patients seek help for health problems that may be related to exposure to physical, psychological or sexual violence, or controlling behaviour from a current or former partner. Of the many victims that seek care in an emergency department, few are identified, especially among those whose chief complaint is not clearly related to recent physical abuse. Not having all the facts about a patient can jeopardise patient safety and delay treatment. The aim of this study was to describe experiences of caring for adults, subjected to intimate partner violence, from an emergency nurse perspective.MethodsA qualitative semi‐structured interview study of nine emergency care specialist nurses was conducted using content analysis.FindingsTwo categories emerged: ‘Subtle signs’ and ‘Not being enough’. The short encounters in emergency care do not allow for deep conversations. The informants highlighted the need for more knowledge about what and how to ask in that specific context. Some mentioned situations where the question had been avoided due to lack of time to handle the answer. The interviews revealed the importance of regular discussions to increase awareness of intimate partner violence and its prevalence among patients.ConclusionsThe organisation plays an important role in putting the question about intimate partner violence on the daily agenda and giving time to emergency nurses and other professions for training and reflection.
Astronomical calibration of a ten‐million‐year Triassic lacustrine record in the Ordos Basin, North China
Authors: Li Yang , Yang Renchao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe division of geological time is of general interest as this allows a better understanding of the geological processes and Earth's evolutionary history. Astrochronology provides a way to evaluate high‐resolution timescales of Earth's climate changes. Astronomical tuning of orbitally forcedstratigraphic recordsto construct astronomical‐calibrated timescales has led to a progressive refinement of the geological timescale over the last decades. However, the Triassic remains a relatively weak link. A large lake with an area of 370 000 square kilometres formed in the Ordos Basin in North China during the Triassic Period. It has been demonstrated that the sedimentary deposits of the seventh Oil Member (Chang 7 Member) of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the southern Ordos Basin responded to astronomically forced climate changes. However, the constructed astronomical‐calibrated timescales failed to reach an agreement. This study presents natural gamma ray logs and geochemical climate record of Fe and Al concentrations from the southern Ordos Basin margin that are dated precisely from 239 to 229 Ma by combined U–Pb dating and astrochronology. Therefore, the Chang 7 Member was deposited during the Ladinian and Carnian (late Middle through to earliest Late Triassic), this knowledge will refine the Triassic astronomical scale. The distribution of detrital zircon dates shows that the Chang 7 Member in the southern Ordos Basin has multiple provenance characteristics. The southern Ordos Basin is far from this provenance area, which is reflected in the low sediment accumulation rate (0.5 to 2.0 cm/kyr). In contrast to the lower part of Yanchang Formation underlying the Chang 7 Member, the large tuffs and seismites from the bottom of Chang 7 Member indicate the initiation of tectonic collision between North Qinling orogenic belt and the southern margin of the Ordos Basin.
Daily patterns of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and prevalent and incident depression—The Maastricht Study
Authors: Gianfredi Vincenza , Schaper Nicolaas C. , Odone Anna , Signorelli Carlo , Amerio Andrea , Eussen Simone J. P. M. , Köhler Sebastian , Savelberg Hans H. C. M. , Stehouwer Coen D. A. , Dagnelie Pieter C. , Henry Ronald M. A. , van der Kallen Carla J. H. , van Greevenbroek Marleen M. J. , Schram Miranda T. , Koster Annemarie 
Published: September 2022

This study aims to compare the accelerometer‐measured daily patterns of PA and sedentary behavior among participants with and without prevalent/incident depressive symptoms. We used data from 5582 individuals in The Maastricht Study (59.9 ± 8.6 years, 50.3% women). Daily patterns of sedentary time, light‐intensity physical activity (LiPA), moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sit‐to‐stand transitions were objectively measured at baseline with the activPAL3 activity monitor. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 9‐item Patient Health Questionnaire, both at baseline and annually (median follow‐up: 5.1 years). General linear models were used to compare patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior between those with and without prevalent/incident depressive symptoms. Participants with prevalent depressive symptoms had significantly more sedentary time (18.6 min/day) and lower LiPA (26.8 min/day) and MVPA (4.8 min/day) than participants without depressive symptoms. Considering the daily patterns, participants with prevalent depressive symptoms had significantly more sedentary time early in the afternoon (12:00–18:00), early evening (18:00–21:00), and during the night (00:00–03:00), less time in LiPA in all periods between 09:00–21.00 and less MVPA in the morning (09:00:12:00), early afternoon (12:00–15:00), and evening (18:00–21:00), than those without. Similar differences in activity and sedentary behavior patterns between those and without incident depressive symptoms were observed albeit the differences were smaller. Overall, we did not find specific time slots particularly associated with both prevalent and incident depressive symptoms. These findings may indicate that less sedentary time and more intense PA can be important targets for the prevention of depression irrespective of the timing of the day.
Resistance training volume does not influence lean mass preservation during energy restriction in trained males
Authors: Roth Christian , Schwiete Carsten , Happ Kevin , Rettenmaier Lukas , Schoenfeld Brad J. , Behringer Michael 
Published: September 2022

This study investigated the effects of a relatively high‐ versus moderate‐volume resistance training program on changes in lean mass during caloric restriction. Thirty‐eight resistance‐trained males were randomized to perform either a high‐volume (HVG; 5 sets/exercise) or a moderate‐volume (MVG; 3 sets/exercise) resistance training program. Both groups were supervised during lower body training. Participants consumed 30 kcal/kg for 6 weeks after 1 week of weight maintenance (45 kcal/kg), with protein intake fixed at 2.8 g/kg fat‐free mass. Muscle thickness of the m. rectus femoris, body composition, contractile properties, stiffness, mood, and sleep status were assessed at pre‐, mid‐, and post‐study. No significant group × time interaction was observed for muscle thickness of the m. rectus femoris at 50% (∆ [post‐pre] 0.36 ± 0.93 mm vs. ∆ −0.01 ± 1.59 mm; p = 0.226) and 75% length (∆ −0.32 ± 1.12 mm vs. ∆ 0.08 ± 1.14 mm; p = 0.151), contractility, sleep, and mood in the HVG and MVG, respectively. Body mass (HVG: ∆ −1.69 ± 1.12 kg vs. MVG: ∆ −1.76 ± 1.76 kg) and lean mass (∆ −0.51 ± 2.30 kg vs. ∆ −0.92 ± 1.59 kg) decreased significantly in both groups (p = 0.022), with no between‐group difference detected (p = 0.966). High‐volume resistance training appears to have neither an advantage nor disadvantage over moderate‐volume resistance training in terms of maintaining lean mass or muscle thickness. Given that both groups increased volume load and maintained muscle contractility, sleep quality, and mood, either moderate or higher training volumes conceivably can be employed by resistance‐trained individuals to preserve muscle during periods of moderate caloric restriction.
Oral ketone monoester supplementation does not accelerate recovery of muscle force or modulate circulating cytokine concentrations after muscle‐damaging eccentric exercise in healthy males and females
Authors: Jameson Tom S. O. , Islam Hashim , Wall Benjamin T. , Little Jonathan P. , Stephens Francis B. 
Published: September 2022

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Does acute ketone monoester supplementation enhance the recovery of muscle force and modulate circulating cytokine concentrations after muscle‐damaging eccentric exercise?
What is the main finding and its importance?
Ketone monoester supplementation increased plasma β‐hydroxybutyrate concentrations but did not attenuate the reduction in muscle force or the increase in plasma inflammatory cytokine concentrations that occurred after eccentric exercise. Notably we report novel data demonstrating a reduction in plasma TRAIL concentrations after eccentric exercise, highlighting TRAIL signalling as a possibly novel regulator of muscle recovery.
AbstractMuscle‐damaging eccentric exercise is associated with inflammation and impaired muscle force. β‐Hydroxybutyrate (β‐OHB) reduces muscle protein breakdown during inflammation but whether oral ketone monoester supplementation accelerates recovery of muscle force after eccentric exercise is unknown. Sixteen healthy males and females consumed thrice daily ketone monoester (27 g per dose; n = 8; six females; KES) or isocaloric maltodextrin placebo (n = 8; four females; PLA) drinks (randomized, double‐blind, parallel group design) for 3 days beginning immediately after 300 unilateral eccentric quadriceps contractions during complete eucaloric dietary control (1.2 ± 0.1 g/kg BM/day standardized protein). Bilateral muscle force measurements and venous blood sampling were performed before and 3, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after eccentric exercise. Plasma β‐OHB concentrations were greater in KES compared with PLA at 3 h (0.56 ± 0.13 vs. 0.22 ± 0.04 mM, respectively; P = 0.080) and 6 h (0.65 ± 0.41 vs. 0.23 ± 0.02 mM, respectively; P = 0.031) post‐eccentric exercise. Relative to the control leg, isokinetic work (by 20 ± 21% in PLA and 21 ± 19% in KES; P = 0.008) and isometric torque (by 23 ± 13% in PLA and 20 ± 18% in KES; P < 0.001) decreased from baseline at 3 h in the eccentrically exercised leg, and remained below baseline at 48 and 72 h, with no significant group differences. Of eight measured plasma cytokines, interleukin‐6 (P = 0.008) and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (P = 0.024) concentrations increased after 6 h, whereas tumour necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand concentrations decreased after 3 h (P = 0.022) and 6 h (P = 0.011) post‐exercise with no significant group differences. Oral ketone monoester supplementation elevates plasma β‐OHB concentrations but does not prevent the decline in muscle force or alter plasma inflammatory cytokine profiles induced by eccentric exercise.
A single breath of nitric oxide does not alter pulmonary perfusion pressure
Authors: Brotto Andrew R. , Beaudry Rhys , Rowland Samira , van Diepen Sean , Stickland Michael K. 
Published: September 2022

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Is the amount of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) used during a diffusing capacity for inhaled NO manoeuvre sufficient to reduce pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP)?

What is the main finding and its importance?
These findings suggest that a single breath of inhaled NO does not change PASP, and combined with previous correlational work, further validates the use of the diffusing capacity for NO manoeuvre as a technique to determine pulmonary capillary blood volume and membrane diffusing capacity.

AbstractThe measurement of diffusing capacity is an important pulmonary function test to evaluate gas exchange. Using both carbon monoxide and nitric oxide (NO), the diffusing capacity for nitric oxide (DL,NO) technique allows for the partitioning of capillary blood volume and membrane diffusing capacity. However, inhaled NO is known to dilate pulmonary arterioles in both health and disease and therefore could alter the outcomes that the DL,NO technique aims to quantify. The purpose of the study was to determine if a DL,NO manoeuvre alters pulmonary perfusion pressure. Nine participants completed 12 simulated 10‐s breath‐hold DL,NO manoeuvres (n = 6 placebo inhalations and n = 6 with 40 ppm NO; order randomized) during which tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity was recorded continuously using Doppler ultrasound to estimate pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) as a surrogate for pulmonary perfusion pressure. The PASP was not different between the placebo and NO conditions (P = 0.742). These data indicate that a single DL,NO manoeuvre does not alter PASP and therefore would not be expected to acutely alter pulmonary capillary blood volume or membrane diffusing capacity.