bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Presence of Arachnoid Granulation in Fetuses and Early Infancy
Authors: Kahraman Ozlu Eylem Burcu , Kayalar Ali Erhan , Ertan Yesim 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of our study is to investigate the importance of arachnoid granulation in cerebrospinal fluid physiology in fetuses and early infancy. Using the random sampling method, postmortem fetuses more than 26 weeks of gestation age and the children under the age of 1 year were chosen from the autopsy materials. Two male and two female intrauterine dead fetus; three male and three female, totally six children under the age of 1 year and one 3-year-old male were included in this study. In cases of intrauterine fetuses more than 26 weeks of gestation and children under the age of 1 year, complete invagination of arachnoid villi into the superior sagittal sinus was examined histologically. In the intrauterine period and in the first 6 months of life, arachnoid villi structures were not found in histologic preparations although in preparations taken after the 6 months of life samples showed similarities to arachnoid granulations. These structures were considered as arachnoid villi drafts after immunohistochemical analysis. In the control case who were 3 years old, maturation of arachnoid villi was complete and the arachnoid villi were invaginated into the superior sagittal sinus as fingerlike extensions. In our study, we think that the failure after E3V intervention in the treatment of hydrocephalus in cases under the age of 1 years may be related to the completion of arachnoid granulation development after the 18th month of life and the immature resorption capacity in this period.
Cascaded forward Brillouin lasing in a chalcogenide whispering gallery mode microresonator
Authors: Shanavas Thariq , Grayson Michael , Xu Bo , Zohrabi Mo , Park Wounjhang , Gopinath Juliet T. 
Published: November 2022

We report the first observation of cascaded forward stimulated Brillouin scattering in a microresonator platform. We have demonstrated 25 orders of intramodal Stokes beams separated by a Brillouin shift of 34.5 MHz at a sub-milliwatt threshold at 1550 nm. An As2S3 microsphere of diameter 125 µm with a quality factor of 1 × 106 was used for this demonstration. Theoretical modeling is used to support our experimental observations of Brillouin shift and threshold power. We expect our work will advance the field of forward stimulated Brillouin scattering in integrated photonics, with applications in gas sensing and photonic radio frequency sources.
Typical at glance but interesting when analyzed in detail: A story of Tris hydration
Authors: Agieienko V. , Neklyudov V. , Buchner R. 
Published: November 2022

This paper provides results of dielectric relaxation (DR) spectroscopy of aqueous solutions of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) covering frequencies of 0.05 ≤ ν/GHz ≤89. The DR spectra can be well fit by a sum of Cole–Cole relaxation, assigned to the solute, and 2 Debye modes already observed for neat water. Analysis of the amplitudes reveals that Tris is hydrated by 7 H2Os up to its solubility limit. However, the rather high effective solute dipole moment of ≈12 D suggests that H2O dipoles in contact with Tris should reorient independently from it. Accordingly, an alternative description of the DR spectra with a superposition of 4 Debyerelaxations was attempted. In this model, the slowest mode at ∼4 GHz arises from solute reorientation and that at ∼8 GHz was assigned to dynamically retarded hydration water, whereas relaxations at ∼18 and ∼500 GHz are again those of (rather unperturbed) bulk water. Analysis of the solvent-related modes shows that Tris indeed slows down 7–8 H2O molecules. However, the solute–solvent interaction strength is rather weak, excluding the rotation of an alleged Tris-(7–8) H2O cluster as an entity. The now derived effective dipole moment of (6.3 ± 0.5) D for the bare Tris molecule allows speculations on its conformation. With the help of computational methods, we suggest that Tris dissolved in water most likely possesses an intramolecular H-bond between the nitrogen and hydrogen atoms of amino and hydroxyl groups, respectively. In addition, computational results indicate that the seven hydration H2Os found by DR bind directly to the Tris OH groups.
The development and preliminary validation of a new measure of self-efficacy
Authors: Kutuk Gulsah , Putwain David W. , Kaye Linda K. , Garrett Bethan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Learners’ self-efficacy plays a crucial role in achieving success in second language (L2) acquisition. As a
determinant of success and failure, self-efficacy should be measured appropriately and effectively using empirically and
theoretically based instruments. Many of the current measures, however, are either not necessarily designed to assess
self-efficacy in L2 learning, or they are lengthy, making them impractical to use alongside other instruments. The purpose of this
study was therefore to develop and validate a new 11-item Questionnaire of Self-Efficacy in Learning a Foreign Language (QSLL). In
Study 1, the initial items were piloted with 323 English as a foreign language (EFL) learners from three universities in Turkey.
In Study 2, a revised version of the questionnaire was administered to 701 EFL learners from an additional three Turkish
universities. The analyses supported a bifactor model over the other four models tested. The bifactor model had one general L2
self-efficacy factor that underlined each of the items. Separately, there were two specific factors, namely L2 reception (i.e.,
reading and listening) self-efficacy and L2 production (i.e., speaking and writing) self-efficacy. Empirical evidence supporting
measurement invariance and predictive validity were also provided. Overall, the results show strong evidence for the reliability
and validity of the QSLL. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
“Our nights do not belong to us”
Authors: Wosińska Weronika , Zagórska Wanda 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The research aim was to gain a more thorough understanding of the experiences by former prisoners of the trauma
of the time spent in a Nazi concentration camp and reworking it by dreaming. The material comprised 117 written accounts obtained
by psychiatrist Stanisław Kłodziński in the 1970s from 38 former Polish national prisoners of KL Auschwitz-Birkenau (17 women and
21 men). A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the narratives was carried out and two types of dreams were compared in terms
of chosen characteristics: camp and post-camp dreams. Camp experiences and a negative emotional tone occurred significantly more
often in post-camp dreams. The “beauty” and “symbolicity” categories were present significantly more frequently in camp dreams. It
was found that motives related to the time spent in the camp appeared persistently in dreams. This was accompanied by a negative
affect and lack of symbolicity typical of PTSD nightmares.
A local pointwise inequality for a biharmonic equation with negative exponents
Authors: Chen Fan , Chen Jianqing , Ruan Qihua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we are inspired by Ngô, Nguyen and Phan’s (2018 Nonlinearity
31 5484–99) study of the pointwise inequality for positive C
4-solutions of biharmonic equations with negative exponent by using the growth condition of solutions. They propose an open question of whether the growth condition is necessary to obtain the pointwise inequality. We give a positive answer to this open question. We establish the following local pointwise inequality

−

Δ
u

u

+
α

|
∇
u

|

2

u

2

+
β

u

−

q
+
1

2

⩽

C

R

2

for positive C
4-solutions of the biharmonic equations with negative exponent

−

Δ

2

u
=

u

−
q

i
n

B

R

where B

R
denotes the ball centered at x
0 with radius R, n ⩾ 3, q > 1, and some constants α ⩾ 0, β ⩾ 0, C > 0.
Development of low noise pixels and readout architectures for scientific applications in a 180 nm CMOS image sensor process
Authors: Sedgwick I. , Benhammadi S. , Guerrini N. , Marsh B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Noise values of below 1e− for CMOS Image Sensors are now regularly reported for pixels with high conversion gain. This has allowed advances in many fields of imaging. However, there are also scientific applications where other properties such as radiation hardness are required alongside good noise performance. The layout changes required for this however, often lead to a reduction in conversion gain, making achieving the noise performance more challenging. In this paper, we present PRECISE, a test chip designed to apply the techniques of low noise imaging to pixels for other scientific applications, particularly those requiring radiation hardness. The design of the chip will be discussed, and first test results presented on some of the pixel types on the chip.
Extended producer responsibility for fossil fuels
*
Authors: Jenkins Stuart , Kuijper Margriet , Helferty Hugh , Girardin Cécile , Allen Myles 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Energy policy faces a triple challenge: increasing resilience and guaranteeing the security of supply of both fossil and non-fossil energy, minimising the impact on consumer energy prices, and retaining consistency with Paris Agreement climate goals. High prices and producer rents, however, also present an opportunity: to open a conversation about applying the principle of extended producer responsibility (EPR) to fossil fuels. We demonstrate that this could deconflict energy security and climate policy at an affordable cost by stopping fossil fuels from causing further global warming. Implementing EPR through a combination of geological CO2 storage and nature-based solutions can deliver net zero at comparable or lower costs than conventional scenarios driven with a global carbon price and subject to constraints on CO2 storage deployment. It would also mean that the principal beneficiary of high fossil fuel prices, the fossil fuel industry itself, plays its part in addressing the climate challenge while reducing the risk of asset stranding.
The effect of electron beam surface remelting on the wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V by EBF3
Authors: Sun Shihao , Qian Ning , Yao Zhengjun , Su Honghua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ti-6Al-4V alloy is one of the key materials in the aerospace and chemical industries. Additive manufacturing (AM), e.g., electron beam freeform fabrication (EBF3), is increasingly applied to manufacture the titanium part due to its low cost, high flexibility, high efficiency, etc. At the same time, the wear resistance and hardness of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy synthesized by AM can deteriorate during fabrication. In this paper, electron beam surface remelting (EBSR) is used to improve the wear resistance and hardness of the titanium alloy made by EBF3. The phase, microstructure, element composition, and wear track profile of layers remelted at three EBSR-beam currents were analyzed. According to the results, the synthesized alloy consists of a homogeneous α′ martensitic structure with numerous embedded nano-scale particles rather than a dual α + β lamellar structure when a rapid cooling rate is applied during EBSR. Simultaneously, the coarser prior-β grain boundary was eliminated in the process. The wear rate of the as-obtained remelted layers at the EBSR-beam currents of 0 (as-deposited), 3, 6, and 9 mA was determined as 7.7 × 10−10, 5.7 × 10−10, 7.9 × 10−10, and 8.9 × 10−10 m3/Nm, respectively. The evolution of the structure accounts for the high hardness and superior wear resistance. EBSR successfully modified the as-deposited microstructure to achieve favorable wear properties, which widens the application potential and extends service life.
Optimizing parameter for electrophoretic deposition of hydroxyapatite coating with superior corrosion resistance on pure titanium
Authors: Rahmadani Sri , Anawati Anawati , Gumelar Muhammad Dikdik , Hanafi Razie , Jujur I Nyoman 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Bioactive hydroxyapatite (HA) coating is applied on a commercially pure Ti by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Optimizing the coating structure is necessary to obtain a stable layer and the best corrosion protection. The EPD was conducted at a constant voltage of 20, 30, and 40 V for 30 min in a HA/DMF (dimethylformamide) suspension. Uniform HA layers with a Ca/P ratio of 1.82 were successfully deposited on the Ti surface. The layers, which consisted of HA grains with the size of 1–5 μm, exhibited a gradual increase in thickness of 32, 50, and 60 μm with formation voltage. For the biomedical application, the suitable coating thickness was at least 50 μm. The high compaction of HA grains deposited at 30 V led to an order magnitude higher polarization resistance and ten times lower corrosion current density relative to the other specimens. The porous HA layer formed at 20 V, and the presence of cracks in the 40 V-coating led to a lower corrosion resistance relative to the 30-V coating. The 20 V- and 30 V-coatings remained intact and triggered the deposition of HA during immersion in simulated body fluid for 28 days, while the 40 V-coating dissolved into the solution. The optimum EPD voltage for depositing a stable HA coating with reasonable coating thickness and the best corrosion resistance was 30 V.
Turbulent boundary layer control with DBD plasma actuators
Authors: LI Yueqiang , WU Bin , GAO Chao , ZHENG Haibo , WANG Yushuai , YAN Rihua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The flat-plate turbulent boundary layer at Re

τ
= 1140 is manipulated using a spanwise array of bidirectional dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuators. Based on the features of no moving mechanical parts in the DBD plasma control technology and hot-wire anemometer velocity measurements, a novel convenient method of local drag reduction (DR) measurement is proposed by measuring the single-point velocity within the linear region of the viscous sublayer. We analyze the premise of using the method, and the maximum effective measurement range of −73.1% < DR < 42.2% is obtained according to the experimental environment in this work. The local drag decreases downstream of the center of two adjacent upper electrodes and increases downstream of the upper electrodes. The magnitude of the local DR increases with increasing voltage and decreases as it moves away from the actuators. For the spanwise position in between, the streamwise distribution of the local DR is very dependent on the voltage. The variable-interval time-average detection results reveal that all bursting intensities are reduced compared to the baseline, and the amount of reduction is comparable to the absolute values of the local DR. Compared with previous results, we infer that the control mechanism is that many meandering streaks are combined together into single stabilized streaks.
Computational investigations of the excited state dynamics and quenching mechanisms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon DNA adducts in solution
Authors: Effah Solomon Yamoah , Kaushalya W K D N , Hix Mark A , Walker Alice R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Synthetically modified fluorescent nucleotides (SFNs) are highly popular in a variety of experiments to explore biochemistry in molecular imaging, but the connection between their photodynamics and quenching mechanisms to their molecular structure remain relatively unstudied computationally. We combine various levels of theory, including classical force field dynamics and excited state quantum mechanic/molecular mechanic Born–Oppenheimer dynamics to characterize a set of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon based substituents bound to cytidine (dC) and guanine (dG) nucleobases. We specifically focus on perylene (P) bound to C5 and C6 of dC, and the naturally occurring benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (B[a]PDE) on dG. We find that specific angles of the connection points between them modulate mechanisms of intramolecular charge transfer, where an electron moves from P to dC and dG to B[a]PDE once an optimal angle is reached. Functionalization location and flexibility of the substituent affect access to these angles and, therefore, the amount of rapid charge transfer quenching of the fluorescence that we observe. This work demonstrates that the choice of functionalization location for SFNs changes the accessibility of charge transfer mechanisms via steric hindrance, and suggest that this feature can be applied for future tuning of fluorescence properties.
Preprint Highlight: Zasp52 strengthens whole embryo tissue integrity through supracellular actomyosin networks
Authors: Ríos-Barrera Luis Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Tissue folding requires proper coordination between constricting cells and their neighbors that are not undergoing cell shape changes. Many studies have addressed how different cell populations contribute to tissue rearrangements but few have shown how forces are then restrained to specific compartments. Here, the authors show that Zasp52 acts as a coordinator between junctional actomyosin in different tissues during embryogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. Zasp52 reinforces actomyosin supracellular cables at tissue boundaries, balancing force distribution and allowing cell shape changes to occur. This model explains how force propagation is restrained to a given tissue through the action of actomyosin cables and Zasp52, which create boundaries that mechanically isolate tissues as they are being rearranged. Given the evolutionary conservation of Zasp52, it may also perform similar roles during development in other animals. This preprint has been assigned the following badges: New Hypothesis, Cross-Validation, Open Data. Read the preprint on bioRxiv ( Ashour et al., 2022 ): https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.11.511783 .
Radiesse Rescue: A Preliminary Study for a Simple and Effective Technique for the Removal of Calcium Hydroxyapatite–Based Fillers
Authors: Cohen Steven R , Patton Sarah , Wesson Jordan , Tiryaki K Tunc , Mora Alexandra 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Radiesse, or calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA), is a semipermanent, biodegradable injectable filler that provides immediate aesthetic improvement, while also stimulating neocollagenesis for biological effects. The physical properties of CaHA make it difficult, if not impossible, to remove. Unlike some hyaluronic acid–based fillers, CaHA cannot be easily dissolved.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to present a simple and reliable technique for debulking and removing excess CaHA in the event of nodule formation, vascular compression, or overcorrection.

Methods
An 18-gauge needle was used to make an incision near the filler excess. A 1-mm-diameter grater-type microliposuction cannula (Lipocube, Inc.; London, UK) was attached to a 5- to 10-mL syringe under negative pressure. The cannula under syringe suction was used in a back-and-forth reaming motion beginning in the base of the material and gradually moving toward the surface until the desired effect was achieved. Identification of the CaHA can be established and removal confirmed with ultrasound (Clarius, Inc.; Vancouver, BC, Canada) if available.

Results
Although nodules, excess material and vascular compression secondary to CaHA are very rare occurrences, 4 patients were treated with excess material and/or nodules. In 1 patient, the prominent cheek filler was reduced and a 1-cm nodule that was palpable in the buccal region was eliminated. In the other 3 other patients, the palpable excess material was easily removed, in 2 at the time of injection and in the third, 6 months later. No patient required repeat treatment or replacement.

Conclusions
This removal technique has been shown to adequately remove excess CaHA filler but is not applicable to inadvertent intravascular injection.
Allopatric origin, secondary contact and subsequent isolation of sympatric rockfishes (Sebastidae: Sebastes) in the north-western Pacific
Authors: Muto Nozomu , Kai Yoshiaki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Understanding how speciation occurs is central to biology. Gene flow between diverging taxa is correlated with geography and other aspects of speciation; therefore, the examination of gene flow during divergence is a potent approach to understanding the nature of speciation. Here, we inferred the speciation process of the sympatric rockfishes Sebastes steindachneri and Sebastes wakiyai in the north-western Pacific and its marginal seas based on genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism and mitochondrial DNA data. Model-based demographic inference showed that gene flow between the two species was absent in the initial and late stages of divergence and present only in the middle stage. Population expansion occurred before or during the period of gene flow. The estimated timings of the initial divergence and population expansion fell within the Pleistocene, during which the seas currently inhabited by the two species were repeatedly isolated and reconnected. Contemporary isolation was supported by the absence of hybrids and the shared mitochondrial DNA haplotypes. Our results suggest that the two species initially diverged in allopatry, followed by secondary contact and introgression and by the completion of reproductive isolation. Given that complete isolation following secondary contact has rarely been tested or documented in marine organisms, we highlight the importance of careful consideration of alternative divergence scenarios to be tested, which should take into account the geological and environmental settings.
Climate shapes patterns of sexual size and shape dimorphism across the native range of the green anole lizard,Anolis carolinensis(Squamata: Dactyloidae)
Authors: Toyama Ken S , Mahler D Luke , Goodman Rachel M 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGeographical variation in sexual size dimorphism (SSD) can result from the combined effects of environmental and sexual selection. To understand the determinants of SSD across geographical landscapes, we tested for relationships between SSD and climatic variables in the widespread lizard Anolis carolinensis. To distinguish alternative hypotheses for observed patterns of variation in SSD, we also examined sex-specific patterns of body size evolution and asked whether SSD was associated with certain patterns of sexual shape dimorphism. We found strong evidence for Rensch’s rule (an increase in male-biased SSD with average body size) in A. carolinensis and evidence for the reversed version of Bergmann’s rule (an increase in body size towards warmer environments) in males. Across populations, SSD was positively related to temperature; however, female body size was not related to any climatic variable, suggesting that the latitudinal gradient of SSD might be driven by a gradient in the intensity of sexual selection acting on males. Sexual size dimorphism was positively correlated with sexual dimorphism in head shape and negatively correlated with limb length dimorphism, suggesting that sexual selection in males might drive the evolution of SSD and that differences in size and limb shape between sexes might represent alternative strategies to avoid competition for the same resources.