bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic injury following immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Tian , Wang Yi , Shi Chunhui , Liu Xiaochun , Lv Shangbin , Wang Xin , Li Weihong 
Published: September 2022

Background: Pancreatic injury (pancreatitis, amylase/lipase elevation) is a rare adverse event of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). With the high number of clinical studies on ICIs, the incidence and characteristics of associated pancreatic injury (PI) need to be reevaluated.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the incidence of PI in cancer patients who received ICIs in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). PubMed, Embase, the ASCO, ESMO, and AACR conference proceedings before 1 April 2022, were investigated for relevant research.Results: 50 RCTs involving 35,223 patients were included. The incidence of ICIs-PI was 2.22% (95% CI = 1.94%–2.53%). The incidence of PI was 3.76% (95% CI = 1.84–7.67%) when combining two ICIs, which was higher than single ICIs [2.25% (95% CI = 1.91–2.65%)]. The ICIs were ranked from high to low based on PI incidence: PD-L1 inhibitors 3.01% (95% CI = 1.86–4.87%), CTLA-4 inhibitors 2.92% (95% CI = 0.99–8.65%) and PD-1 Inhibitor 2% (95% CI = 1.67–2.39%). The ICI with the highest rate of PI was pembrolizumab 7.23.% (95% CI = 1.69–30.89%). In addition, the incidence of severe ICIs-PI was 2.08% (95% CI = 1.76–2.46%); and the incidence of severe PI was 2.32% (95% CI = 1.76–3.06%) when combining two ICIs, which was higher than single ICI [1.95% (95% CI = 1.58–2.41%)]. The ICIs were ranked from high to low according to the incidence of severe PI: PD-L1 inhibitors 3.1% (95% CI = 1.7–5.64%), CTLA-4 inhibitors 2.69% (95% CI = 0.76–9.49%), PD-1 inhibitors 1.80% (95% CI = 1.41–2.29%).Conclusion: Treatment with multiple ICIs result in a higher incidence of PI compared to single ICIs, irrespective of the grade of pancreatic injury. The incidence of PI caused by PD-L1 inhibitors is higher than that of CTLA-4 inhibitors and PD-1 Inhibitor, and Pembrolizumab has the highest rate of ICIs-PI. Although the incidence of ICIs-PI is not high, they are usually severe (≥ grade 3 events).
Anticancer effects of OSW-1 on glioma cells via regulation of the PI3K/AKT signal pathway: A network pharmacology approach and experimental validation in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zhan Zhixin , Liu Ziqiang , Zhang Chaochao , Gao Haijun , Lai Jiacheng , Chen Yong , Huang Haiyan 
Published: September 2022

Background: Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial malignant tumors with poor prognosis, despite the remarkable advances in medical technology that have been made. OSW-1, isolated from Ornithogalum saundersiae, possesses anticancer activity against various malignant cancer cells. However, the effects of OSW-1 on gliomas and its potential mechanisms remain unclear.Methods: Network pharmacology was employed for predicting potential key targets and mechanisms of the anticancer effects of OSW-1 on glioma. Experiments, including the Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, and flow cytometry, were performed to investigate how OSW-1 affects the biological behavior of glioma cells in vitro. Western blotting was used to detect changes in related proteins, such as those involved in the cell cycle, apoptosis, and signaling pathways. The nude mouse xenograft model was used to detect the effect of OSW-1 on inhibiting the proliferation of glioma cells in vivo.Results: An “OSW-1-Targets-Glioma” intersection network consisting of 151 intersecting genes was acquired to construct a “Protein–Protein Interaction network” and predict the top 10 core targets. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was the top 3-ranked pathway, with 38 enriched intersecting genes. The glioma T98G and LN18 cell lines were used to verify the predictions. OSW-1 significantly inhibited the viability and proliferation of glioma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry showed that OSW-1 arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, and the apoptotic ratio of glioma cells increased significantly with increasing concentrations. Western blotting revealed that the expression levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT1 in glioma cells treated with OSW-1 were significantly lower than those in the controls; however, 740Y-P, a PI3K activator, significantly reversed the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway caused by OSW-1. Furthermore, the mouse xenograft model confirmed the suppressive effect of OSW-1 on tumor growth in vivo.Conclusion: OSW-1 is a promising anti-glioma chemotherapeutic drug owing to its anticancer effects via downregulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. However, OSW-1 still has a long way to go to become a real anti-glioma drug.
Functional recovery after accidental deep hypothermic cardiac arrest: Comparison of different cardiopulmonary bypass rewarming strategies
Authors: Filseth Ole Magnus , Kondratiev Timofei , Sieck Gary C. , Tveita Torkjel 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:Using a porcine model of accidental immersion hypothermia and hypothermic cardiac arrest (HCA), the aim of the present study was to compare effects of different rewarming strategies on CPB on need for vascular fluid supply, level of cardiac restitution, and cerebral metabolism and pressures.Materials and Methods:Totally sixteen healthy, anesthetized castrated male pigs were immersion cooled to 20°C to induce HCA, maintained for 75 min and then randomized into two groups: 1) animals receiving CPB rewarming to 30°C followed by immersion rewarming to 36°C (CPB30,n= 8), or 2) animals receiving CPB rewarming to 36°C (CPB36,n= 8). Measurements of cerebral metabolism were collected using a microdialysis catheter. After rewarming to 36°C, surviving animals in both groups were further warmed by immersion to 38°C and observed for 2 h.Results:Survival rate at 2 h after rewarming was 5 out of 8 animals in the CPB30group, and 8 out of 8 in the CPB36group. All surviving animals displayed significant acute cardiac dysfunction irrespective of rewarming method. Differences between groups in CPB exposure time or rewarming rate created no differences in need for vascular volume supply, in variables of cerebral metabolism, or in cerebral pressures and blood flow.Conclusion:As 3 out of 8 animals did not survive weaning from CPB at 30°C, early weaning gave no advantages over weaning at 36°C. Further, in surviving animals, the results showed no differences between groups in the need for vascular volume replacement, nor any differences in cerebral blood flow or pressures. Most prominent, after weaning from CPB, was the existence of acute cardiac failure which was responsible for the inability to create an adequate perfusion irrespective of rewarming strategy.
Acute high altitude exposure, acclimatization and re-exposure on nocturnal breathing
Authors: Furian Michael , Bitos Konstantinos , Hartmann Sara E. , Muralt Lara , Lichtblau Mona , Bader Patrick R. , Rawling Jean M. , Ulrich Silvia , Poulin Marc J. , Bloch Konrad E. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Effects of prolonged and repeated high-altitude exposure on oxygenation and control of breathing remain uncertain. We hypothesized that prolonged and repeated high-altitude exposure will improve altitude-induced deoxygenation and breathing instability.Methods: 21 healthy lowlanders, aged 18-30y, underwent two 7-day sojourns at a high-altitude station in Chile (4–8 hrs/day at 5,050 m, nights at 2,900 m), separated by a 1-week recovery period at 520 m. Respiratory sleep studies recording mean nocturnal pulse oximetry (SpO2), oxygen desaturation index (ODI, &gt;3% dips in SpO2), breathing patterns and subjective sleep quality by visual analog scale (SQ-VAS, 0–100% with increasing quality), were evaluated at 520 m and during nights 1 and 6 at 2,900 m in the 1st and 2nd altitude sojourn.Results: At 520 m, mean ± SD nocturnal SpO2 was 94 ± 1%, ODI 2.2 ± 1.2/h, SQ-VAS 59 ± 20%. Corresponding values at 2,900 m, 1st sojourn, night 1 were: SpO2 86 ± 2%, ODI 23.4 ± 22.8/h, SQ-VAS 39 ± 23%; 1st sojourn, night 6: SpO2 90 ± 1%, ODI 7.3 ± 4.4/h, SQ-VAS 55 ± 20% (p &lt; 0.05, all differences within corresponding variables). Mean differences (Δ, 95%CI) in acute effects (2,900 m, night 1, vs 520 m) between 2nd vs 1st altitude sojourn were: ΔSpO2 0% (-1 to 1), ΔODI -9.2/h (-18.0 to -0.5), ΔSQ-VAS 10% (-6 to 27); differences in acclimatization (changes night 6 vs 1), between 2nd vs 1st sojourn at 2,900 m were: ΔSpO2 -1% (-2 to 0), ΔODI 11.1/h (2.5 to 19.7), ΔSQ-VAS -15% (-31 to 1).Conclusion: Acute high-altitude exposure induced nocturnal hypoxemia, cyclic deoxygenations and impaired sleep quality. Acclimatization mitigated these effects. After recovery at 520 m, repeated exposure diminished high-altitude-induced deoxygenation and breathing instability, suggesting some retention of adaptation induced by the first altitude sojourn while subjective sleep quality remained similarly impaired.
Information needs and development of a question prompt sheet for upper extremity vascularized composite allotransplantation: A mixed methods study
Authors: Gacki-Smith Jessica , Kuramitsu Brianna R. , Downey Max , Vanterpool Karen B. , Nordstrom Michelle J. , Luken Michelle , Riggleman Tiffany , Altema Withney , Fichter Shannon , Cooney Carisa M. , Dumanian Greg A. , Jensen Sally E. , Brandacher Gerald , Tintle Scott , Levan Macey , Gordon Elisa J. 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundPeople with upper extremity (UE) amputations report receiving insufficient information about treatment options. Furthermore, patients commonly report not knowing what questions to ask providers. A question prompt sheet (QPS), or list of questions, can support patient-centered care by empowering patients to ask questions important to them, promoting patient-provider communication, and increasing patient knowledge. This study assessed information needs among people with UE amputations about UE vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) and developed a UE VCA-QPS.MethodsThis multi-site, cross-sectional, mixed-methods study involved in-depth and semi-structured interviews with people with UE amputations to assess information needs and develop a UE VCA-QPS. Qualitative data were analyzed by thematic analysis; quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The initial UE VCA-QPS included 130 items across 18 topics.ResultsEighty-nine people with UE amputations participated. Most were male (73%), had a mean age of 46 years, and had a unilateral (84%) and below-elbow amputation (56%). Participants desired information about UE VCA eligibility, evaluation process, surgery, risks, rehabilitation, and functional outcomes. After refinement, the final UE VCA-QPS included 35 items, across 9 topics. All items were written at a ≤ 6th grade reading level. Most semi-structured interview participants (86%) reported being ‘completely’ or ‘very’ likely to use a UE VCA-QPS.ConclusionPeople with UE amputations have extensive information needs about UE VCA. The UE VCA-QPS aims to address patients’ information needs and foster patient-centered care. Future research should assess whether the UE VCA-QPS facilitates patient-provider discussion and informed decision-making for UE VCA.
Analysis of the influencing factors on fine-needle aspiration biopsy results of the thyroid
Authors: Wang Chun-Yan , Zhou Yan , Ren Yu-Yuan , Luan Yu-Shuang , Jiang Zhong-Cai , Wang Zhi-Xing 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of the study is to analyze the influencing factors on the results of thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB).MethodA total of 339 patients who underwent FNAB in our hospital from December 2018 to July 2021 were retrospectively selected. The patients were chosen according to the gender ratio, age, and thyroid ultrasound characteristics and were divided into three groups: (1) a 22G needle vacuum aspiration group (Group 1, n = 85), (2) a 22G biopsy needle non-vacuum aspiration group (Group 2, n = 50), and (3) a 25G biopsy needle non-vacuum aspiration group (Group 3, n = 204). Patients in these groups were evaluated for determining the FNAB dissatisfaction rate of pathological samples. A bivariate regression analysis of independent risk factors related to the unsatisfactory pathological diagnosis of samples was performed.ResultsThe specimen dissatisfaction rates of the three groups were 22/85 (25.9%), 15/50 (30%), and 18/186 (9.7%), respectively. The overall sample dissatisfaction rate was 55/339 (16.2%), and the sample satisfaction rate of Group 3 was higher than that of Groups 1 and 2 (P &lt; 0.05). Logistic bivariate regression analysis showed that the age of the patients and the capillary sampling needles and aspiration methods were two independent risk factors for determining the dissatisfaction rate of FNAB pathological samples.ConclusionA 25G capillary sampling aspiration biopsy needle was selected to perform FNAB in thyroid nodules without vacuum aspiration, which could effectively improve the accuracy of FNAB results with a high specimen satisfaction rate.
Perioperative variation in serum FGF-23 level and its correlation with MACCE risk in unprotected left main coronary artery disease patients receiving coronary artery bypassing grafting
Authors: Wang Fanshun , Ma Runhua , Wang Chunsheng 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveFibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) mediates vascular endothelial injury, inflammatory infiltration, and atherosclerosis, which could reflect major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) risk in several cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to further investigate the perioperative change of FGF-23, as well as its association with clinical characteristics and MACCE risk in unprotected left main coronary artery disease (ULMCAD) patients receiving coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).MethodsA total of 226 ULMCAD patients who underwent CABG were enrolled. Serum samples of the patients were collected on the day before CABG, the third day (D3) after CABG, and at discharge; then, the FGF-23 level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The MACCE rate was recorded during a median follow-up of 25.5 (range: 2.0–46.0) months.ResultsThe median, interquartile range (IQR), and range of FGF-23 level in ULMCAD patients receiving CABG were 717.0, 582.5–869.8, and 407.0–1765.0 pg/ml, respectively. FGF-23 level was increased in patients with both previous heart failure (P = 0.046) and chronic renal failure (P = 0.009) compared to those without. FGF-23 level increased from before surgery [median (IQR): 712.5 (574.5–879.8) pg/ml] to D3 [median (IQR): 844.0 (666.0–1072.5) pg/ml], then declined at discharge [median (IQR): 764.5 (569.3–986.8) pg/ml] (P &lt; 0.001). Meanwhile, the preoperative FGF-23 level (P = 0.028), but not the FGF-23 level at discharge (P = 0.067) was positively correlated with the cumulative MACCE rate. Multivariable Cox's analyses found that preoperative FGF-23 level could independently predict cumulative MACCE rate [P = 0.015, hazards ratio (HR) = 2.940].ConclusionPreoperative FGF-23 level predicts higher MACCE risk in ULMCAD patients undergoing CABG surgery.
Optimal immediate sagittal alignment for kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis following corrective osteotomy
Authors: Luo Jianzhou , Yang Kai , Yang Zili , Feng Chaoshuai , Li Xian , Luo Zhenjuan , Tao Huiren , Duan Chunguang , Wu Tailin 
Published: September 2022

PurposeTo investigate the optimal immediate sagittal alignment of kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) following corrective osteotomy.MethodsSeventy-seven AS patients who underwent osteotomy were enrolled. Radiographic parameters, including global kyphosis (GK), lumbar lordosis (LL), T1 spinopelvic inclination (T1SPI), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), T1 pelvic angle (TPA), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), and PI and LL mismatch (PI–LL), were collected. The clinical outcome was evaluated using the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). At the final follow-up, SVA &gt; 5 cm was regarded as sagittal imbalance, and a total ODI ≤ 20 or total SRS-22 score ≥4 was considered to indicate a good clinical outcome.ResultsSeventy-seven patients with an average age of 37.4 ± 8.6 years were followed up for 29.4 ± 4.2 months. At the final follow-up, GK, LL, PT, SS, TPA, and T1SPI showed some degree of correction loss (P &lt; 0.05). The follow-up parameters could be predicted with the immediate postoperative parameters through their linear regression equation (P &lt; 0.05). The postoperative immediate T1SPI, TPA, SVA, and PI were also highly correlated with the clinical outcome (ODI and/or SRS-22) at the final follow-up (P &lt; 0.05). Based on the relationship, the optimal immediate sagittal alignment for obtaining good clinical outcome was determined: T1SPI ≤ 0.9°, TPA ≤ 31.5°, and SVA ≤ 9.3cm. AS patients with PI ≤ 49.2° were more likely to achieve the optimal alignment and obtained lower ODI and a lower incidence of sagittal imbalance than those with PI &gt; 49.2° at the final follow-up (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionPostoperative immediate parameters could be used to predict the final follow-up parameters and clinical outcome. The optimal postoperative immediate sagittal alignment of AS patients was T1SPI ≤ 0.9°, TPA ≤ 31.5°, and SVA ≤ 9.3 cm, providing a reference for kyphosis correction and a means for clinical outcome evaluation. Patients with a lower PI (≤49.2°) were more likely to achieve optimal alignment and obtain satisfactory clinical outcomes.
Surgeons' workload assessment during indocyanine-assisted deep endometriosis surgery using the surgery task load index: The impact of the learning curve
Authors: Spagnolo Emanuela , Cristóbal Quevedo Ignacio , Gortázar de las Casas Sara , López Carrasco Ana , Carbonell López Maria , Pascual Migueláñez Isabel , Hernández Gutiérrez Alicia 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveAssess the surgeons' workload during deep endometriosis surgery after ureteral ICGDesignProspective, consecutive, comparative, single-center studyPopulation41 patients enrolled to deep endometriosis surgery with ureteral ICG from January 2019 to July 2021 at La Paz University HospitalMethodsPatients were divided into 2 groups: patients operated during the learning curve of ureteral ICG instillation and patients operated after the technique was implemented and routinely performed. After surgery, the SURG-TLX form was completed by the surgeons. We evaluated whether a workload reduction occurred.Main outcomes measuresSurgeon's workload was measured using the SURG-TLX form, obtaining the total workload and 6 different dimensions (distractions, temporal demands, task complexity, mental demands, situational stress and physical demands)ResultsA significant positive correlation was found between surgical complexity and situational stress (p = 0.04). Mental demands (p = 0.021), physical demands (p = 0.03), and total workload (p = 0.025) were significantly lower when the technique was routinely performed. The mental demand, physical demands, and total workload perceived by the surgeons at the beginning of the implementation was higher (68 [39–72], 27 [11–46.5], 229 [163–240], respectively) than in the latter ones (40 [9–63], 11.5 [0–32.8], 152 [133.3–213.8], respectively). Distractions appeared to be higher in the latter surgeries (8.5 [0–27.8]) than in the first surgeries (0 [0–7]; p = 0.057).ConclusionsUreter ICG instillation prior to DE surgery significantly reduces the mental and physical demands and total workload of the surgeons in DE surgeries after overcoming the learning curve. Distractions appear to increase as surgical stress decreases.
TINJAUAN UNDANG - UNDANG NO.18 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG KOMISI YUDISIAL GUNA TERWUJUD PERADILAN YANG BERSIH DI PENGADILAN NEGERI SEMARANG
Authors: Ibnu Sefrin 
Published: September 2022

Penegakan keadilan sebagai unsur penting dari hak asasi manusia, sejatinya harus dibangun dan diwujudkan dalam sistem negara hukum manapun. Selain menghadirkan sistem dan personil peradilan yang berkualitas, juga perlu didukung dengan mekanisme perekrutan dan pembinaan hakim serta penegak hukum lainnya yang jujur dan berintegritas. komisi yudisial yang secara resmi diberikan mandat oleh konstitusional dan Undang-Undang No. 18 Tahun 2011 untuk mewujudkan kewibawaan peradilan sehingga akan dipercaya kembali oleh masyarakat tersebut.2
Komisi Yudisial yang lahir karena adanya reformasi memang bertujuan mewujudkan peradilan yang bersih, mandiri, independen, transparan serta menegakan keadilan untuk semua lapisan masyarakat. Terlebih lagi, konstitusi sudah jelas menyebut jika wewenang utama KY adalah menjaga dan menegakkan kehormatan, keluhuran martabat, dan perilaku hakim.
Penerapan UU No.18 Tahun 2011 tentang Komisi Yudisial dalam terwujudnya peradilan bersih di PN Semarang dilakukan dengan membentuk penghubung komisi yudisial di daerah, dengan cara inilah komisi yudisial melaksanakan tugas dan fungsinya sebagai penghubung demi terciptanya sistem pengadilan bersih di PN Semarang. Hal itu sesuai dengan Pasal 3 ayat (2) Undang- undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2011 tentang Komisi Yudisial yang berbunyi “Komisi Yudisal dapat mengangkat penghubung di daerah sesuai dengan kebutuhan”. Bahwa wewenang Komisi Yudisial dalam hal pengawasan kepada hakim hanya sebatas memberikan rekomendasi kepada Mahkamah Agung terkait pemberian sanksi. Diperlukan kesepakatan bersama lembaga peradilan bagaimana meningkatkan kapasitas wewenang komisi yudisial agar lebih berperan dalam menegakkan peradilan yang bersih dan berwibawa. Dibutuhkan juga partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam melakukan pemantauan dengan melakukan kerja sama dengan Komisi Yudisial melalui pos koordinasi pemantauan peradilaan. Skripsi ini diharapkan mampu menjadi bahan pertimbangan Komisi Yudisial agar dapat menambah jumlah petugas penghubung di daerah demi efektifitas kerja dan terwujudnya cita-cita Peradilan bersih di Pengadilan Negeri Semarang.
Kata kunci:, Komisi Yudisial, Peradilan Bersih Hakim
Kepastian Hukum Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja Bidang Kesehatan Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 91/PUU-XVIII/2020
Authors: Susetiyo Weppy , Zainul Ichwan Muhammad , Iftitah Anik , Dievar Tasya Imelda 
Published: September 2022

Pemberlakuan UU Cipta Kerja luar biasa mengubah peraturan perundang-undangan di sektor kesehatan. Namun, status UU Cipta Kerja menjadi tidak sesuai konstitusi atau inkonstitusional bersyarat pasca putusan MK 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 yang mengabulkan sebagian pengujian formil UU Cipta Kerja. Melalui penelitian hukum normatif, dihasilkan penelitian bahwa; sekalipun telah diundangkan UU 13/2022 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan yang mengakomodir penyusunan peraturan perundang-undangan dengan metode omnibus law; pelaksanaan hukum terhadap: penyederhanaan pasal-pasal dalam UU Kesehatan dan UU Rumah Sakit, jasa pelayanan kesehatan medis yang tidak dikenakan PPN, pemberian jasa pelayanan kesehatan medis yang tidak hanya pada tenaga kesehatan dan asisten tenaga kesehatan, dan pelaksanaan akreditasi rumah sakit setiap tiga tahun sekali; tetap berlaku dan selama dua (2) tahun tidak boleh ada peraturan terkait (baru) yang lain-lain, demi perwujudan kemanfaatan, kepastian, keadilan, kepentingan banyak yang lebih besar.