bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biodiversity and virulence characterization of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from soils in different regions of Nigeria
Authors: Yakubu Mohammed Nuru , Ladan Mohammed Auwal , Deba Fatima Ali , Isma’il Safiya , Haruna Usman Sa’id , Aliyu Habiba Usman , Abdulhameed Ahmad , Tahir Fatima 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Studying the diversity of the indigenous entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) is a prerequisite to effective insect pest control. The distribution and occurrence of EPF from the soil across Nigeria were evaluated. Three subsoil samples from three locations in each of the 11 states were used to isolate the fungi by the insect bait method. Three fungal rates, 1.0 × 102, 5.0 × 101 and 7.5 × 101 spores/ml, were applied to the Galleria larvae.

Results
EPF occurred in 41.1% of the soil sampled. These fungi belong to five and an unidentified genus. High species diversity was observed in Abuja with 6 species, and a uniform diversity of 5 species in Gombe, Ibadan, Jos, Kano, Lagos, Nasarawa and Port Harcourt. The Shannon–Wiener index ranges from 2.48 to 1.84. Similarly, species evenness showed a distinct similarity across the 11 sampling states and ranges from 0.99 to 0.92. Simpson Diversity Index was found to be highest in Bauchi with 0.31 and lowest in Abuja with 0.19. The mortality of the Galleria mellonella (L.) larvae differed significantly (P < 0.01) with EPF species and time of exposure. There was also a strong (P < 0.001) relationship between larval mortality and conidial concentration within and among the species. The virulence of the isolated fungi on Galleria mellonella larvae based on LC50 differs with states (sampling site) even within the same species.

Conclusions
The present study uncovered the diversity and occurrence of EPF in soil across Nigeria. In addition, the results can be useful in selecting the suitable soils and best adapted EPF in a particular soil across the study area, or it could be the beginning of a molecular study.
Association of factor V Leiden R506Q, FXIIIVal34Leu, and MTHFR C677T polymorphisms with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Golestani Amin , Rahimi Atefeh , Moridi Nastaran , Anani-Sarab Gholamreza , Salmani Fatemeh , Dastjerdi Kazem , Azdaki Nahid , Sajjadi Seyed Mehdi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of death and morbidity around the world. Although the association between thrombophilia and AMI is well-established, controversial data are present on the association between thrombophilic polymorphisms and AMI. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of three thrombophilic polymorphisms including factor V Leiden (FVL), MTHFRC677T (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase), and Coagulation factor XIIIVal34Leu with AMI in East of Iran.

Result
There were no statistically significant differences between the patients and control groups in terms of the distributions of allelic and genotypic frequencies of FVL and FXIIIVal34Leu polymorphisms (P-value > 0.05). Subjects who carried CT genotype of MTHFR C677T polymorphism were at a 2.03-fold higher risk for AMI (P-value: 0.02, OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.07–2.75). Furthermore, patients with MTHFR 677CT (P-value < 0.001, β = - 0.90, 95% CI − 1.33, − 047) or 677CC (P-value < 0.001, β = - 1.04, 95% CI − 1.47, − 0.61) genotypes showed significantly Lower creatinine levels compared with patients having the MTHFR 677TT. No association was observed between the other remaining polymorphisms and AMI (P-value > 0.05).

Conclusion
Our findings showed that MTHFRC677T polymorphism could contribute to AMI susceptibility and increase creatinine levels in east Iran population. This was the first study to examine the association of these three polymorphisms with AMI in east Iran.
Distinct presentations and management of hernia of the umbilical cord: 15 years’ experience in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Jamal Yasir S. , Kurdi Mazen O. , Aljahdali Ettedal A. , AlBasri Samera F. , Jamal Abdullah Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Hernia of the umbilical cord (HUC) is an uncommon type of abdominal wall defect characterized by a hernia of the midgut into the proximal section of the umbilical cord. This is occasionally coupled with other congenital abnormalities. This is frequently misdiagnosed and referred to as “omphalocele minor.” In certain cases, unintentional cord clamping causes iatrogenic intestinal harm. The purpose of this retrospective study is to highlight various aspects of the HUC therapy in 30 patients with typical and unusual presentations in a tertiary care facility as well as intraoperative findings and associated abnormalities.

Methods
Thirty neonates (21 males and 9 females) with usual and unusual presentations of HUC diagnosed and treated at the King Abdelaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, over 15 years period from 2005 to 2020.

Results
Out of 30 cases included, 17 patients were reducible with simple classical HUC repair. While 13 patients had different presentations, six cases presented with irreducible content due to variable reasons, four cases presented with patent vitellointestinal duct (PVID), 2 cases presented with intestinal obstruction, and one case presented late with epithelialized HUC sac.

Conclusions
Attention to HUC should be paid by obstetric professionals in order not to miss it on antenatal ultrasound and careful umbilical cord examination at delivery to avoid clamping of visceral content if present in HUC.
Androgen-mediated Perturbation of the Hepatic Circadian System Through Epigenetic Modulation Promotes NAFLD in PCOS Mice
Authors: Roy Sambit , Abudu Aierken , Salinas Irving , Sinha Niharika , Cline-Fedewa Holly , Yaw Alexandra M , Qi Wenjie , Lydic Todd A , Takahashi Diana L , Hennebold Jon D , Hoffmann Hanne M , Wang Jianrong , Sen Aritro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In women, excess androgen causes polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common fertility disorder with comorbid metabolic dysfunctions including diabetes, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Using a PCOS mouse model, this study shows that chronic high androgen levels cause hepatic steatosis while hepatocyte-specific androgen receptor (AR)-knockout rescues this phenotype. Moreover, through RNA-sequencing and metabolomic studies, we have identified key metabolic genes and pathways affected by hyperandrogenism. Our studies reveal that a large number of metabolic genes are directly regulated by androgens through AR binding to androgen response element sequences on the promoter region of these genes. Interestingly, a number of circadian genes are also differentially regulated by androgens. In vivo and in vitro studies using a circadian reporter [Period2::Luciferase (Per2::LUC)] mouse model demonstrate that androgens can directly disrupt the hepatic timing system, which is a key regulator of liver metabolism. Consequently, studies show that androgens decrease H3K27me3, a gene silencing mark on the promoter of core clock genes, by inhibiting the expression of histone methyltransferase, Ezh2, while inducing the expression of the histone demethylase, JMJD3, which is responsible for adding and removing the H3K27me3 mark, respectively. Finally, we report that under hyperandrogenic conditions, some of the same circadian/metabolic genes that are upregulated in the mouse liver are also elevated in nonhuman primate livers. In summary, these studies not only provide an overall understanding of how hyperandrogenism associated with PCOS affects liver gene expression and metabolism but also offer insight into the underlying mechanisms leading to hepatic steatosis in PCOS.
The blame game- experiences of female residents in obstetrics & gynecology regarding lapses in patient safety
Authors: Tufail Shazia , Mustafa Nilofar , Kamran Rizwana , Khan Junaid Sarfraz 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: Primary objective was to explore experiences of female residents of Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN) regarding lapses in patient safety (PS) while secondary objective was to explore factors hampering or favouring improvement of PS in OB/GYN.
Methods: In this qualitative narrative study carried out in OB/GYN department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Lahore for six months from 1st April to 30th September 2021, six fourth-year residents were asked to write narratives of their personal experiences of medical error (witnessed or committed) in detail and reflect on those experiences, which were then transcribed. Code labels and themes were assigned manually. Interpretation of these themes was done after thematic content analysis.
Results: Six, fourth-year female residents with a mean age of 28.6±1.8 participated in the study. Two main themes with sub-themes were identified: 1) Challenges in patient safety (Personal challenges, Workplace challenges, Barriers to PS), 2) Lessons learnt from experiences (Self-improvement and; Promotion of patient safety culture). Heavy workload with long working hours, lack of communication and teamwork, lack of experience and inadequate supervision were major factors involved in PS lapses experienced by residents.
Conclusion: Incidents of Patient Safety (PS) lapses had a strong impact on the emotional and professional life of residents. Formal PS training with improvement of working conditions may help promote PS culture.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5741
How to cite this:Tufail S, Mustafa N, Kamran R, Khan JS. The blame game- experiences of female residents in obstetrics & gynecology regarding lapses in patient safety. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5741
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Hematological manifestations in patients newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Batool Dr Yasmeen batool , Na Dr Gulzaib Pervaiz , Na Dr Amna Arooj , Na Dr Sabeen Fatima 
Published: August 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of various hematological manifestations among newly diagnosed cases of pulmonary tuberculosis on complete blood counts.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 newly diagnosed patients of pulmonary tuberculosis in hematology department of Nishtar Medical University from 1st November 2020 to 30th April 2021 using consecutive sampling. Detailed history and complete general physical examination findings, complete blood picture including erythrocyte sedimentation rate were retrieved from hospital electronic medical records system. Data was collected on a specially designed Proforma, entered into SPSS version 23.0 and analyzed. Data is presented as mean±SD and frequency and percentages for numerical and categorical variables respectively using tables and figures.
Results: In this study the mean age of patients was 34.36 ± 6.41 years with male to female ratio 2.52: 1. Frequency of anemia was 82.6% (n=413), leukocytosis was 46.2% (n=231) and leucopenia in 102 patients (20.4%). Thrombocytosis was detected in 131(26.2%) patients. Raised ESR was observed in 495(99%) of the patients. No association of age and gender was observed with hematological manifestations. However, thrombocytosis was significantly more common in male patients (p-value = 0. 008).
Conclusion: Hematological parameters like high Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and anemia were commonly detected in newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Thrombocytosis was seen more commonly in male patients of pulmonary tuberculosis.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5911
How to cite this:Batool Y, Pervaiz G, Arooj A, Fatima S. Hematological manifestations in patients newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5911
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
influence of the diet on somatic differences and the developed power of athletes training strength sports
Authors: Mizera Krzysztof Maciej 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: For strength training to be effective, proper nutrition is necessary, based on providing the right amount of energy, as well as optimally balanced macronutrients. Nutrition among bodybuilders, weightlifters and powerlifters differs because the training aims, training methodology and competition itself are different.
Objective: Strength sports athletes differ from each other in body structure, training methodology and form of competition. The aim of the study was to try to answer the question whether their diets affect somatic variables and leg power.
Materials and Methods: 60 people remained, which were divided into 4 groups, including 15 weightlifting competitors, 15 powerlifters, 15 bodybuilders and 15 men not training competitive sport
Results: The quality of the diet used had an impact on the body composition in the control group. In the group of powerlifters, there was a significantly positive correlation between the daily intake of carbohydrates and the percentage of body fat (p <0.05). In the group of bodybuilders, the energy value of food consumed during a week and a day as well as the mass of daily carbohydrates and their energy value significantly correlated with the BMI index. Moreover, the energy value of consumed food expressed in kcal positively correlated with the fat content in the body expressed in kg, as well as with the chest circumference during inhalation and with the circumference of the arm. The daily amount of carbohydrates and the daily energy value of this substrate positively correlated with the circumference of the arm and the thigh. In the athletes, numerous correlations between the diet used and the developed power were demonstrated.
Conclusion: The diet used by the respondents did not clearly affect the power developed by the respondents. Significant correlations between the quality of the diet used and somatic variables as well as the developed power were noticed only in the group of weightlifters and bodybuilders.
Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in pediatric dentistry
Authors: Theys Stéphanie , Olszewski Raphael 
Published: August 2022

Objective: The aims of this systematic review of the literature were to investigate the uses of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in pediatric dentistry and, if possible, identify the indications.
Material and methods: A literature search was conducted using the PubMed and Scopus electronic databases and the keywords "CBCT and pediatric dentistry". This search provided us with 1518 references. The selected publications were all clinical articles written in French or English and referring to a pediatric population. After screening, 461 eligible full text articles remained.
Results: In total, there were 169 references that met the inclusion criteria. Different topics, mainly relating to orthodontics, anatomy, and cleft lips and palate, were discussed. There was large variability in the information concerning the
technical parameters. The radiographic protocols that we analyzed showed a large heterogeneity.
Conclusions: The level of evidence provided by our work is limited because only two randomized double-blind controlled studies are included. Two indications can be distinguished: for orthodontics and for the rehabilitation of cleft lips and palate. There are a multitude of radiographic protocols. More research is needed to identify other potential clinical indications as well as to determine a standard CBCT protocol for children and adolescents.
Open Dialogues and Localized Approaches: Reflections on International Public History Perspectives and Practices
Authors: Sayer Faye 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This brief review of non-English public history textbooks provides an overview of key themes, emerging trends and contextual differences in the theories and practice of public history in Brazil, China, Japan, and Germany. These books reflect both the international growth in public history and the global recognition of its transformative impact on societies. The books highlight how public history is situated within national epistemological and cultural frameworks. Critically it is these frameworks and the application of localized and socially engaged approaches that enables public history to impact diverse communities.
Dystopian Images of Law and Visual Performances of Identity in Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games
Authors: Fiorato Sidia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Susanne Collins’ trilogy The Hunger Games presents a dystopian world grounded upon the power of images. The controlling government uses visual eloquence to determine and project an accepted conception of the real and of its subjects’ identity which forcibly engenders normative commitment. Its main instrument in this sense is represented by “The Hunger Games”, an annual event in which two tributes are selected in each of the 12 districts of Panem to compete in a brutal fight to death until one victor remains. This acts as a punishment and a memento for the huge uprising of the past which led to the retaliating destruction and elimination of District 13. Within this context, tributes Katniss Everdeen and Peeta Mellark engage in a visual and narrative counterposition against the government to reclaim the articulation of their identities and disrupting the created hyperreal dystopia of power.
Falling Man and the Aesthetics of Terrorism
Authors: Battisti Chiara 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper analyses Don DeLillo’s novel Falling Man as an influential example of post-9/11 literature. This novel, in describing the shattering impact of the destruction of the symbolic reference points that determine our experience of reality, has undoubtedly contributed to defining a “before and after 9/11” cultural scenario, where the new era is abruptly marked by the presence of new meanings, new attitudes, new spaces and new categories. This complex reframing of reality has engendered a new approach to the role of art, and especially of literature, in the Western world. This paper demonstrates that Falling Man can be read a site of political (re)configuration, in which the return to the link between the creative process and the issue of terrorism – a theme that runs through much of DeLillo’s writing – leads to a move beyond established categories and concepts. Such a move responds to a public need for a reconceptualisation of paradigms of terror/horror. I argue that the novel’s narrativisation of terrorism has introduced important suggestions into the contemporary cultural panorama, which now allow us to identify both a new form of terrorism that is closely connected with the emergent metamodern sensibility, and new aesth-ethical concepts that are better suited to describing contemporary violence.
On the derivations of cyclic Leibniz algebras
Authors: Semko M.M. , Skaskiv L.V. , Yarovaya O.A. 
Published: August 2022

Let $L$ be an algebra over a field $F$. Then $L$ is called a left Leibniz algebra, if its multiplication operation $[-,-]$ additionally satisfies the so-called left Leibniz identity: $[[a,b],c]=[a,[b,c]]-[b,[a,c]]$ for all elements $a,b,c\in L$. A linear transformation $f$ of a Leibniz algebra $L$ is called a derivation of an algebra $L$, if $f([a,b])=[f(a),b]+[a,f(b)]$ for all elements $a,b\in L$. It is well known that the set of all derivations $\mathrm{Der}(L)$ of a Leibniz algebra $L$ is a subalgebra of the Lie algebra $\mathrm{End}_{F}(L)$ of all linear transformations of an algebra $L$. The algebras of derivations of Leibniz algebras play an important role in the study of structure of Leibniz algebras. Their role is similar to that played by groups of automorphisms in the study of group structure.
In this paper, a complete description of the algebra of derivations of nilpotent cyclic Leibniz algebra is obtained. In particular, it was proved that this algebra is metabelian and supersoluble Lie algebra, and its dimension is equal to the dimension of an algebra $L$.
(λ,μ)-Multi Anti Fuzzy subgroup of a group
Authors: Balasubramanian Kr. , Revathy R. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of the study: To develop (λ, μ) - anti fuzzy subgroup of a group.
Methodology: The fundamental idea of (λ, μ) - anti fuzzy subgroup to create a (λ, μ)- multi anti fuzzy subgroup.
Main Findings: (λ, μ) – multi anti fuzzy cosets of a group.
Applications of this study: The advancement of the theory of a group's multiple fuzzy subgroups.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The concept of (λ, μ) - multi anti fuzzy cosets of a group has been defined, and various associated theorems have been demonstrated using examples.
Mechatronic control system for high-temperature synthesis of materials based on intelligent measuring modules
Authors: Dolmatov Alexey V. 
Published: August 2022

The subject of researcs: The article is devoted to the measuring complex for the experimental study of the SHS phenomenon.
The purpose of the development was to simultaneously observe microheterogeneous processes and macrokinetics of high-temperature synthesis.
Methods and objects of research: Embedded computing platforms with support for artificial intelligence tools are used to organize high-speed multi-zone registration of thermal imaging and spectral data.
Results of research: Within the framework of the complex, a group of intelligent modules with autonomous data analysis in real time has been developed. The pyrometric module of the complex reveals structural phase transitions in the process of high-temperature synthesis of materials and measures characteristic temperatures. The thermal imaging module determines the position of the SHS wave front and plots the material and temperature phase distributions on the sample surface. The mechatronic module predicts the location of a new observation area, based on the measured parameters of the SHS process, and moves the optical control means there when the combustion wave leaves the current registration area. The interaction of intelligent modules of the mechatronic system is implemented through messages in a wireless network, and their synchronization via the NTP protocol has an error of about 40 s.
The concept of creating cross-industry benchmarking platforms
Authors: Pluchevskaya Emilia V. , Shereshovets Elena V. , Aladko Olesya I. 
Published: August 2022

The subject of research: The article is devoted to the actual problem of benchmarking in the housing and communal services sector.
The purpose of the article is to present the results of the implementation of the concept of an intersectoral benchmarking site with a single coordinating center based on the resource-providing enterprise ME "Vodokanal" of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk.
The methodological basis for the development of the concept is the analysis of the principles of scientific management proposed by U.F. Taylor, the principles of socialist exchange of experience, the research of Bernardo de Souza, the practices of the Toyota company, the best practices of Russian enterprises in the housing and communal services sector, presented at the sites of the Federal Competence Center.
Results of research: The authors have developed a format for a benchmarking site, substantiate the results of such a site, the economic effects of the exchange of experience in the proposed format. As a result of the activities of such sites, it is possible to achieve a synergistic effect that significantly accelerates the pace of development of the housing and communal services industry.