bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reevaluation of the status of the Central American brocket deerMazama temama(Artiodactyla: Cervidae) subspecies based on morphological and environmental evidence
Authors: Escobedo-Morales Luis A , León-Paniagua Livia , Martínez-Meyer Enrique , Mandujano Salvador 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Central American brocket deer (Mazama temama) is widespread across the Mesoamerican forests, yet it remains largely unknown. Three subspecies are recognized currently within M. temama using pelage coloration as the primary diagnostic character. However, it remains unclear if there is any pattern of morphological variation throughout its distribution. We compared two models of morphological subdivision, namely the traditional subspecies and another based on biogeographic provinces via 2D geometric morphometrics and ecological niche modeling. The second model presented a better fit to the observed variation in cranial shape and size. We found divergence in skull size between individuals from Mexico and Guatemala (northern group) relative to specimens from Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama (southern group), the latter being 8% larger than the northern group. Centroid size showed a significant correlation with geographic distance suggesting an isolation-by-distance pattern. Low geographical overlap between the two clusters suggests niche conservatism. Late Pleistocene dispersal from South to Central America and differences in available resources with subsequent isolation due to climatic barriers therefore may have promoted differentiation in size albeit without extensive changes in shape. In this context, the Motagua-Polochic-Jolotán fault system probably plays a key role in promoting morphological differentiation by climatic isolation. Finally, we suggest that M. t. temama (Kerr, 1792) and M. t. reperticiaGoldman, 1913 should remain as valid names for the two morphological and ecologically differentiated groups detected here.
Evaluation of the Diagnostic Accuracy and Clinical Utility of Fungal Profile Plus Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay in Pulmonary Infections
Authors: Smith Clarissa B , Shi Xiaosong , Liesman Rachael M , Thomas Laura A , Bahr Nathan C , Brownback Kyle R 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Pulmonary infections due to Aspergillus, Mucorales, and Nocardia have high morbidity and mortality, in part due to diagnostic challenges. Commercially available molecular assays on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) may have increased sensitivity over currently available diagnostic options. Our aim was to characterize the diagnostic performance of assays for each of these pathogens in our patient population.

Methods
The medical records of patients whose BALF was tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Aspergillus, Mucorales, and Nocardia between 2019 and 2021 were reviewed in a cross-sectional manner. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) definitions of “proven,” “probable,” and “possible” infection were used, including histopathology, serology, and culture. We used (1) “proven” or “probable” infection by EORTC criteria, (2) improvement or stabilization on targeted antimicrobial therapy, and (3) absence of a more likely diagnosis as the reference standard.

Results
The Aspergillus PCR assay demonstrated the highest agreement with the diagnostic reference standard, with 31.25% (10/32) sensitivity and 97.17% (206/212) specificity. Positive and negative predictive values were 62.50% (10/16) and 90.35% (206/228), respectively. No Mucorales or Nocardia infections were identified by the diagnostic reference standard, so the sensitivity could not be calculated. The specificity of Mucorales and Nocardia targets was 98.35% and 96.69%, respectively.

Conclusions
Our data demonstrated relatively poor clinical sensitivity for all 3 constituent PCR assays in our patient population, suggesting a limited role for this test in the diagnosis of Aspergillus, Mucorales, or Nocardia.
SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21-dependent SUMOylation of AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID 17 regulates auxin signaling
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Yang Yi , Yu Zhibo , Wang Jun , Huang Ruihua , Zhan Qiuna , Li Shangze , Lai Jianbin , Zhang Shengchun , Yang Chengwei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChanges in plant auxin levels can be perceived and converted into cellular responses by auxin signal transduction. AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) proteins are auxin transcriptional inhibitors that play important roles in regulating auxin signal transduction. The stability of Aux/IAA proteins is important for transcription initiation and downstream auxin-related gene expression. Here, we report that the Aux/IAA protein IAA17 interacts with the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) E3 ligase METHYL METHANESULFONATE-SENSITIVE 21 (AtMMS21) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). AtMMS21 regulated the SUMOylation of IAA17 at the K41 site. Notably, root length was suppressed in plants overexpressing IAA17, whereas the roots of K41-mutated IAA17 transgenic plants were not significantly different from wild-type roots. Biochemical data indicated that K41-mutated IAA17 or IAA17 in the AtMMS21 knockout mutant was more likely to be degraded compared with nonmutated IAA17 in wild-type plants. In conclusion, our data revealed a role for SUMOylation in the maintenance of IAA17 protein stability, which contributes to improving our understanding of the mechanisms of auxin signaling.
Is public health just science? Values, politics and varied but collective practices to secure better health with justice
Authors: Coggon J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper asks: Is public health just science? That question invites analysis from the field of public health ethics of how we might distinguish public health as being built simply on scientific evidence bases and its being founded on science and ideas of justice. In conducting the analysis, the paper explores the essentially political nature of public health as well as reasons why members of the public health community might aim not to ‘be political’ in their practice: in particular, considering professional competence/expertise, democratic legitimacy and the possibly damaging consequences of being seen as engaged in politics. Such considerations, while valid, do not stop public health from being political in nature and directed to the realization of ethical aims. The paper, therefore, then explores how members of the public health community might seek to realize the moral mandates of public health. Although that requires political outcomes, it does not mean there is an ethical requirement to be as directly politically engaged as possible. On the contrary, we find good reason to look to public health as a collective enterprise, with individual roles and activities within it being more or less directly activist.
Locally controlled release of immunosuppressive promotes survival of transplanted adult spinal cord tissue
Authors: Wang Ziqiang , Li Ya , Sun Chenxuan , Cui Pukong , Han Yuanyuan , Wu Tong , Xu Bai , Zhang Can , Shi Liyang , Dai Jianwu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Transplantation of adult spinal cord tissue (aSCT) is a promising treatment for spinal cord injury (SCI) basing on various types of neural cells and matrix components inside aSCT. However, long-term systemic administration of immunosuppressors (e.g. tacrolimus, TAC) is required for the survival of allogeneic tissue, which often associated with severe side effects such as infection, liver damageand renal failure. In this study, a triglycerol monostearate (TGM)-based TAC delivery system (e.g. TAC@TGM) with high drug loading concentration was developed, which possessed injectable properties as well as sustainable and immune-responsive drug release behaviors. In complete transected SCI model, locally injected TAC@TGM could reduce the infiltration of inflammation cells, enhance the survival of transplanted aSCT (e.g. Tuj-1+ and NF+ neurons) and promote the recovery of locomotor function. Moreover, controlled release of TAC by TAC@TGM attenuated side effects of TAC on liver and kidneys compared with traditional systemic administration. More importantly, the developed TAC@TGM system provided a facile single dose of long-term immunosuppressive effect not just for aSCT transplantation, but also for other tissue/organ and cell transplantations.
Fully Automated Placental Volume Quantification From 3D Ultrasound for Prediction of Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants
Authors: Schwartz Nadav , Oguz Ipek , Wang Jiancong , Pouch Alison , Yushkevich Natalie , Parameshwaran Shobhana , Gee James , Yushkevich Paul , Oguz Baris 
Published: December 2022

(Abstracted from J Ultrasound Med 2022;41:1509–1524)
Preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and other adverse pregnancy outcomes are significant contributors to perinatal morbidity and mortality. Growing evidence links abnormalities in gross placental development to these outcomes.
Fetal Heart Rate Patterns in Labor and the Risk of Neonatal Encephalopathy: A Case Control Study
Authors: Reynolds Adam J. , Murray Michelle L. , Geary Michael P. , Ater Stewart B. , Hayes Breda C. 
Published: December 2022

(Abstracted from Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022;273:69–74)
The main method of fetal monitoring in labor today is cardiotocography (CTG). When it was introduced in the 1960s, it was thought that CTG could detect fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns that indicated hypoxia and ultimately prevent hypoxic brain injury.
Analysis of Physicians’ Probability Estimates of a Medical Outcome Based on a Sequence of Events
Authors: Arkes Hal R. , Aberegg Scott K. , Arpin Kevin A. 
Published: December 2022

(Abstracted from JAMA Network Open 2022;5:e2218804)
A basic law of probability is that the probability of a conjunction of 2 independent events is the product of both components and cannot exceed the likelihood of either component. When this basic law is violated, it is known as the conjunction fallacy.
The Impact of Diabetic Education on Diabetes Management
Authors: Copeland Miriam , Whitted Kelli , Renales Felicia , Lennen Noreen 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT:
Helping patients control diabetes mellitus (DM) and minimize complications is the top priority for care of patients with diabetes. A retrospective review of 86 charts was conducted to investigate the impact of an 8-hour diabetic education program on glycemic control and weight in adults with type 2 DM. Hemoglobin A1C levels and weights were documented pre- and postintervention. Patients participating in the program demonstrated decreased levels of mean A1C and mean weight postintervention. Spiritual care for people living with diabetes and the use of continuous glucose monitors to improve disease management are discussed.
Disaster Preparedness Among Nurses in China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: WANG Ying , LIU Yu , YU Mingfeng , WANG Hui , PENG Chaohua , ZHANG Ping , NIAN Xinying , JIA Qu , LI Changyan 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Increasingly frequent global disasters such as coronavirus disease 2019 pose a threat to human health and life. The World Health Organization has called on countries to formulate detailed plans to prepare for disasters. It is critical to investigate and evaluate the disaster preparedness of nurses.

Purpose
This study was designed to investigate the disaster preparedness and psychological condition of nurses in China and analyze the significant factors influencing their disaster preparedness.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2020, and 1,313 nurses were enrolled using convenience sampling. The study questionnaires were distributed and collected via a networking platform equivalent to Amazon Mechanical Turk. The disaster preparedness of the respondents was measured using the Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to evaluate anxiety and depression status, and a self-designed questionnaire developed based on a review of the literature was used to explore the potential factors of influence on disaster preparedness.

Results
The average score for disaster preparedness among the participants was 186.34 (SD = 40.80), which corresponded with a moderate level, especially in skill (mean score = 42.01, SD = 12.39). Items with higher scores included support for the government, personal protection, and health education, whereas items with lower scores included nursing leadership in the community, capacity to cope with chemical or biological attacks, and assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder. Disaster preparedness was negatively related with mental health, including depression and anxiety. The main factors affecting disaster preparedness included educational background, nursing specialty, prior disaster training, prior disaster rescue experience, and depression level.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
The disaster preparedness of Chinese nurses must be improved. More attention should be paid to disaster preparedness in nurses, and future tailored interventions are urgently needed to promote nursing leadership in the community, the ability to cope with chemical or biological attacks, and posttraumatic stress disorder assessments. Moreover, relieving negative emotions to promote the mental health of nurses should receive greater attention.
Engaging in meaningful discussion: What nurse practitioners need to know about retirement and end-of-life planning
Authors: Hicks Rodney W. , Berg Judy A. , Roberts Mary Ellen 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Nurse practitioners (NPs) should be knowledgeable about entering into meaningful conversations with clients about their retirement and end-of-life planning. Through knowledge of advanced care planning, NPs should be prepared to serve as a resource as clients develop life plans. Nurse practitioners should assess their practice for documenting client wishes that align with the 1990 Patient Self-Determination Act and advocate for changes in electronic record-keeping systems.
Accuracy of narrow-band imaging in predicting the histology of anal intraepithelial lesions
Authors: Pecere Silvia , Hassan Cesare , La Milia Daniele , Villani Valeria , Fuccio Lorenzo , Costamagna Guido , Petruzziello Lucio , Gizzi Giuseppe 
Published: December 2022

Background and aim
Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) is the precursor of anal squamous carcinoma, frequently underappreciated by most gastroenterologists. Purpose of the study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of narrow-band imaging (NBI) in predicting the histology of anal lesions, considering a new NBI classification.

Methods
This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with suspected anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) and superficially invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SISCCA) who underwent anorectal-sigmoidoscopy. Three expert endoscopists reviewed all the images collected during colonoscopies in white light and NBI in order to generate a practical classification of three main different NBI patterns.

Results
After the modified Delphi process, the final NBI classification, mainly based on intrapapillary capillary loops (IPCL) changes included three different NBI pattern. NBI pattern I: elongation of IPCL toward epithelial surface; NBI pattern 2: thickened and tortuous IPCL; NBI pattern 3: mosaic-like disposition of IPCL. We found that NBI pattern positively correlated to the histologic type of the lesions and tumor grade (Spearman’s rho = 0.9671, P = 0.0000). Among 58 anal lesions included, 41/41 (100%) LSILs have been classified as NBI pattern I, 10/11 (90.91%) HSILs as NBI pattern II, 1/11 HSIL as NBI pattern I, 4/4 SISCCA as NBI pattern III and 2/2 invasive cancer as NBI pattern III. Diagnostic accuracy of NBI pattern II or III in predicting histology differentiating HSIL or SISCCA/IC versus LSIL showed a sensitivity of 100%, (95% CI: 92.3–100%) and a specificity of 94.1% (95% CI: 83.8–98.3%).

Conclusion
The accuracy of this new NBI score system in predicting the histology of anal lesions showed encouraging data in term of sensitivity and specificity in differentiating HSIL or SISCCA/IC versus LSIL, but the clinical usefulness and application of these findings should be evaluated in a prospective larger study.
Incidence and predisposing factors for de novo post-COVID-19 irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Siyal Mehreen , Abbas Zaigham , Ashraf Javeria , Ali Qadeer Muhammad , Altaf Abeer 
Published: December 2022

Objective
Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a known entity. We evaluated the incidence of post-COVID-19 IBS in patients discharged from the hospital and analyzed its correlation with the clinical and laboratory parameters, and treatment during the hospital stay.

Methods
Three hundred three COVID-19 hospitalized patients without prior history of IBS were prospectively followed after their discharge and were evaluated as per Rome-IV criteria for IBS.

Results
One hundred seventy-eight patients were males (58.7%). The age range was 17–95 years (mean ± SD, 55.9 ± 15.8). A total of 194 (64%) had mild COVID-19, 74 (24.4%) had moderate COVID-19, whereas 35 (11.6%) had severe COVID-19 infection. Sixteen (5.3%) patients had concomitant GI symptoms during COVID-19 infection. IBS symptoms were found to be present in 32 (10.6%) patients, out of which 17 (53.13%) had diarrhea-predominant, 10 (31.25%) had constipation-predominant, and five (15.62%) had mixed-type IBS. Post-COVID-19 IBS was more common in the female sex (P < 0.001), concomitant GI symptoms with COVID-19 (P < 0.001), oxygen requirement (P = 0.015), deranged liver function tests at the time of admission (P = 0.002), high procalcitonin (P = 0.013), high C-reactive protein levels (P = 0.035); whereas negative correlation was found with remdesivir treatment (P = 0.047). After performing regression analysis, female sex (P < 0.001), oxygen requirement during hospital stay (P = 0.016), GI symptoms during COVID-19 infection (P < 0.001), and high procalcitonin levels (P = 0.017) were independently associated with post-COVID-19 IBS.

Conclusion
GI symptoms during active COVID-19 infection increase the chances of developing post-COVID-19 IBS. The risk of developing post-COVID-19 IBS increases in female patients, those requiring oxygen and having high procalcitonin levels during COVID-19 infection.
64Cu-DOTATATE Uptake in a Pulmonary Hamartoma
Authors: Song Hong , Guja Kip E. , Yang Eric J. , Guo Haiwei Henry 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
DOTATATE PET/CT is frequently used to evaluate indeterminant pulmonary nodules suspected to be pulmonary carcinoid. We report an unexpected case of pulmonary hamartoma demonstrating 64Cu-DOTATATE uptake in a 43-year-old woman with a slowly enlarging pulmonary nodule. Histopathological staining showed somatostatin receptor 2 expression on vascular endothelial cells and a proportion of cartilage and smooth muscle cells within the hamartoma.
Incidental Detection of a Type B3 Thymoma on 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Kepenek Ferat , Gündoğan Cihan , Kaplan İhsan , Söğütçü Nilgün , Can Canan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

18F-FDG PET/CT performed for staging of colon cancer in a 60-year-old woman revealed a thymic neoplasm with increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the anterior mediastinum. 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT showed low FAPI uptake in the anterior mediastinal mass. The patient was diagnosed with type B3 thymoma by histopathologic evaluation. In this case, thymoma demonstrated lower uptake with FAPI than FDG. Larger studies are required for the differentiation of malignant and benign mediastinal masses with FAPI.
68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT in the Detection of Non–FDG-Avid Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas
Authors: Liu Wei , Gong Weidong , Zhang Jiayu , Ma Jiao , Zhang Chunyin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas is a rare tumor. A 46-year-old woman presented with chest pain for 6 months. Chest CT revealed a large mass of the right mediastinum. Then, she underwent 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT scans for staging. However, we accidentally found that a non-FDG focus nodule in the body of the pancreas with elevated FAPI activity. Finally, biopsy of the nodule in the body of the pancreas confirmed the diagnosis of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm.
Higher Complications During the Waiting Period for Interval Cholecystectomy in Patients With Mild Biliary Pancreatitis
Authors: Tozlu Mukaddes , Karaca Busra , Acar Sencan , Toka Bilal , Karacaer Cengiz , Eminler Ahmet Tarik , Köksal Aydin S. 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Although current guidelines recommend cholecystectomy during the same admission in patients with mild acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP), it involves a waiting list most of the time. We aimed to assess the risk of complications and determine predictors during the waiting period for cholecystectomy after the first episode of ABP.

Methods:
A prospective observational study was conducted in patients with mild ABP. Follow-ups were done by phone calls or using electronic health records for a maximum of 6 months after discharge or until cholecystectomy.

Results:
A total of 194 patients were included in the study. Although all patients were referred to surgeons, only 81 (41.8%) underwent cholecystectomy within 6 months after discharge. During the observation period, gallstone-related biliary events (GRBEs) developed in 68 (35.1%) patients, which included biliary colic, recurrent ABP, acute cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, gallbladder perforation, cholangitis, and liver abscess. The overall readmission rate was 25.2%, with 44.8% occurred within 4 weeks after discharge. The odds ratio of any complication was 1.58 (95% CI, 1.42 to 1.76, P=0.028) and 1.59 (95% CI, 1.42 to 1.78, P=0.009) in the patients who did not have surgery within 2 to 7 days and 8 to 15 days, respectively. A 4-fold increased risk of readmission was detected (95% CI, 1.16 to 13.70, P=0.019) if cholecystectomy was not performed within 31 to 90 days. The patients who developed complications had significantly higher C-reactive protein at admission, longer waiting time, and had 3 or more gallstones on imaging.

Conclusions:
Interval cholecystectomy was associated with a high risk of complications during the waiting period in patients with mild ABP.
Quantum annealing and computation: challenges and perspectives
Authors: Chakrabarti Bikas K. , Leschke Hajo , Ray Purusattam , Shirai Tatsuhiko , Tanaka Shu 
Published: December 2022

In the introductory article of this theme issue, we provide an overview of quantum annealing and computation with a very brief summary of the individual contributions to this issue made by experts as well as a few young researchers. We hope the readers will get the touch of the excitement as well as the perspectives in this unusually active field and important developments there.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Quantum annealing and computation: challenges and perspectives’.