bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronically phase separated nano-network in antiferromagnetic insulating LaMnO3/PrMnO3/CaMnO3 tricolor superlattice
Authors: Li Qiang , Miao Tian , Zhang Huimin , Lin Weiyan , He Wenhao , Zhong Yang , Xiang Lifen , Deng Lina , Ye Biying , Shi Qian , Zhu Yinyan , Guo Hangwen , Wang Wenbin , Zheng Changlin , Yin Lifeng , Zhou Xiaodong , Xiang Hongjun , Shen Jian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStrongly correlated materials often exhibit an electronic phase separation (EPS) phenomena whose domain pattern is random in nature. The ability to control the spatial arrangement of the electronic phases at microscopic scales is highly desirable for tailoring their macroscopic properties and/or designing novel electronic devices. Here we report the formation of EPS nanoscale network in a mono-atomically stacked LaMnO3/CaMnO3/PrMnO3 superlattice grown on SrTiO3 (STO) (001) substrate, which is known to have an antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulating ground state. The EPS nano-network is a consequence of an internal strain relaxation triggered by the structural domain formation of the underlying STO substrate at low temperatures. The same nanoscale network pattern can be reproduced upon temperature cycling allowing us to employ different local imaging techniques to directly compare the magnetic and transport state of a single EPS domain. Our results confirm the one-to-one correspondence between ferromagnetic (AFM) to metallic (insulating) state in manganite. It also represents a significant step in a paradigm shift from passively characterizing EPS in strongly correlated systems to actively engaging in its manipulation.
Endowing homodimeric carbamoyltransferase GdmN with iterative functions through structural characterization and mechanistic studies
Authors: Wei Jianhua , Zhang Xuan , Zhou Yucong , Cheng Xingnuo , Lin Zhi , Tang Mancheng , Zheng Jianting , Wang Binju , Kang Qianjin , Bai Linquan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIterative enzymes, which catalyze sequential reactions, have the potential to improve the atom economy and diversity of industrial enzymatic processes. Redesigning one-step enzymes to be iterative biocatalysts could further enhance these processes. Carbamoyltransferases (CTases) catalyze carbamoylation, an important modification for the bioactivity of many secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical applications. To generate an iterative CTase, we determine the X-ray structure of GdmN, a one-step CTase involved in ansamycin biosynthesis. GdmN forms a face-to-face homodimer through unusual C-terminal domains, a previously unknown functional form for CTases. Structural determination of GdmN complexed with multiple intermediates elucidates the carbamoylation process and identifies key binding residues within a spacious substrate-binding pocket. Further structural and computational analyses enable multi-site enzyme engineering, resulting in an iterative CTase with the capacity for successive 7-O and 3-O carbamoylations. Our findings reveal a subclade of the CTase family and exemplify the potential of protein engineering for generating iterative enzymes.
Solar-driven methanogenesis with ultrahigh selectivity by turning down H2 production at biotic-abiotic interface
Authors: Ye Jie , Wang Chao , Gao Chao , Fu Tao , Yang Chaohui , Ren Guoping , Lü Jian , Zhou Shungui , Xiong Yujie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntegration of methanogens with semiconductors is an effective approach to sustainable solar-driven methanogenesis. However, the H2 production rate by semiconductors largely exceeds that of methanogen metabolism, resulting in abundant H2 as side product. Here, we report that binary metallic active sites (namely, NiCu alloys) are incorporated into the interface between CdS semiconductors and Methanosarcina barkeri. The self-assembled Methanosarcina barkeri-NiCu@CdS exhibits nearly 100% CH4 selectivity with a quantum yield of 12.41 ± 0.16% under light illumination, which not only exceeds the reported biotic-abiotic hybrid systems but also is superior to most photocatalytic systems. Further investigation reveal that the Ni-Cu-Cu hollow sites in NiCu alloys can directly supply hydrogen atoms and electrons through photocatalysis to the Methanosarcina barkeri for methanogenesis via both extracellular and intracellular hydrogen cycles, effectively turning down the H2 production. This work provides important insights into the biotic-abiotic hybrid interface, and offers an avenue for engineering the methanogenesis process.
A sense of ginger fraud: prevalence and deconstruction of the China-European union supply chain
Authors: Han Qing , Erasmus Sara W. , Elliott Christopher T. , van Ruth Saskia M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs an important spice, ginger has been widely distributed in the Chinese and the European Union (EU) markets, the two largest trading areas, in various forms. The ginger supply chain between China and the EU is long and complex, providing opportunities for fraudsters to deceive consumers. However, limited attention has been given to food fraud in ginger, and there is a lack of research on this topic. In this review, ginger was used as an example for interpreting the fraud issues within low-priced and high-trade volume spice products. This review aims to summarize the open access information from food and food fraud databases, literature, and stakeholders about ginger fraud, and to map, deconstruct and analyse the food fraud vulnerability in the supply chain. In addition, potential testing strategies to detect ginger fraud were also discussed. The investigation of food fraud databases, a semi-structured literature review and online interviews with stakeholders revealed that adulteration is the major fraud type in ginger products. And the most vulnerable ginger products are ground ginger and finely processed ginger. The ginger supply chain from China to the EU comprises nine stages and is medium vulnerable to food fraud, both in regard to opportunities and motivational drivers. To ensure the integrity of the ginger supply chain, there is a need to apply fraud vulnerability tools in the companies of the industry. In addition, screening and confirmatory techniques based on the characteristics of ginger should be utilised for monitoring fraud issues in the supply chain.
Motor imagery training of goal-directed reaching in relation to imagery of reaching and grasping in healthy people
Authors: Mencel Joanna , Marusiak Jarosław , Jaskólska Anna , Kamiński Łukasz , Kurzyński Marek , Wołczowski Andrzej , Jaskólski Artur , Kisiel-Sajewicz Katarzyna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to determine whether four weeks of motor imagery training (MIT) of goal-directed reaching (reaching to grasp task) would affect the cortical activity during motor imagery of reaching (MIR) and grasping (MIG) in the same way. We examined cortical activity regarding event-related potentials (ERPs) in healthy young participants. Our study also evaluated the subjective vividness of the imagery. Furthermore, we aimed to determine the relationship between the subjective assessment of motor imagery (MI) ability to reach and grasp and the cortical activity during those tasks before and after training to understand the underlying neuroplasticity mechanisms. Twenty-seven volunteers participated in MIT of goal-directed reaching and two measurement sessions before and after MIT. During the sessions 128-channel electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded during MIR and MIG. Also, participants assessed the vividness of the MI tasks using a visual analog scale (VAS). The vividness of imagination improved significantly (P < .05) after MIT. A repeated measures ANOVA showed that the task (MIR/MIG) and the location of electrodes had a significant effect on the ERP's amplitude (P < .05). The interaction between the task, location, and session (before/after MIT) also had a significant effect on the ERP's amplitude (P < .05). Finally, the location of electrodes and the interaction between location and session had a significant effect on the ERP's latency (P < .05). We found that MIT influenced the EEG signal associated with reaching differently than grasping. The effect was more pronounced for MIR than for MIG. Correlation analysis showed that changes in the assessed parameters due to MIT reduced the relationship between the subjective evaluation of imagining and the EEG signal. This finding means that the subjective evaluation of imagining cannot be a simple, functional insight into the bioelectrical activity of the cerebral cortex expressed by the ERPs in mental training. The changes we noted in ERPs after MIT may benefit the use of non-invasive EEG in the brain-computer interface (BCI) context.Trial registration: NCT04048083.
Rosmarinic acid prevents post-operative abdominal adhesions in a rat model
Authors: Kakanezhadi Ali , Rezaei Mehrdad , Raisi Abbas , Dezfoulian Omid , Davoodi Farshid , Ahmadvand Hassan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effects of rosmarinic acid which involved the mechanisms to decrease the postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation in rats. Various incisions and removing a 1 × 1 cm piece of peritoneum was used to induce the peritoneal adhesions. Experimental groups were as follows: 1—Sham group. 2—Control group: Peritoneal adhesions were induced and no treatments were performed. 3—Treatment groups: Following inducing peritoneal adhesions, animals received rosmarinic acid with 50 and 70 mg/kg dosage, respectively. Macroscopic examination of adhesions indicated that adhesion bands were reduced in both treatment groups compared to the control group. Moreover, the adhesion score was decreased in both treatment groups on day 14. Inflammation and fibroblast proliferation were both reduced in the treatment groups on day 14. TGF-β1, TNF-α, and VEGF were all evaluated by western blot and immunohistochemistry on days 3 and 14. Treatment groups reduced inflammatory cytokines on days 3 and 14. The treatment group with a 70 mg/kg dosage decreased TGF-β1 and TNF-α levels more than the other treatment group. The administration of rosmarinic acid significantly reduced MDA and increased CAT levels. In conclusion, the rosmarinic acid was effective to reduce the adhesion bands, inflammatory cytokines, angiogenesis, and oxidative stress.
Relative enlargement of the medial preoptic nucleus in the Etruscan shrew, the smallest torpid mammal
Authors: Sun Senmiao , Brecht Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEndothermy is a key feature of mammalian biology and enables mammals to maintain stable body temperature and homeostatic functions in the face of a rapidly changing environment. However, when faced with harsh environmental conditions, certain mammalian species enter torpor, a state characterized by reduced metabolism, body temperature, and activity, to minimize energy loss. Etruscan shrews are the smallest mammals, with a surface-to-volume ratio that is very unfavorable for endothermic animals. As a result, Etruscan shrews have an extremely high metabolic rate and are known to enter torpor frequently, presumably as an energy-saving measure. Despite the recent identification of medial preoptic area (MPA) as a key brain region to regulate torpor in mouse, little is known about neural control of torpor in other endothermic animals, including the Etruscan shrew. Here, we confirmed that Etruscan shrews readily enter torpor even in the absence of strong physiological triggers. We then compared the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN) within the MPA of Etruscan shrew and rat, a mammal that does not enter torpor under physiological conditions. While rats have roughly 100 times the body weight and 33 times the brain weight of Etruscan shrews, we find that the male rat MPN exhibits only 6.7 times the volume of that of the male Etruscan shrew. Accordingly, the relative brain volume of the MPN was 6.5-fold larger in shrews, a highly significant difference. Moreover, MPN neuron counts were only roughly twofold lower in shrews than in rats, an astonishing observation considering the interspecies size difference and that neocortical neurons are ~ 20 × more numerous in rats than in shrews. We suggest that the extraordinary enlargement of the Etruscan shrew MPN is a specialization for orchestrating torpor in a mammal with an exceptional metabolism.
The methyltransferase domain of DNMT1 is an essential domain in acute myeloid leukemia independent of DNMT3A mutation
Authors: Bhogal Balpreet , Weir Barbara A. , Crescenzo Ramona , Marien Ann , Kwon Min Chul , Philippar Ulrike , Cowley Glenn S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAberrant DNA methylation patterns are a prominent feature of cancer. Methylation of DNA is mediated by the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) protein family, which regulates de novo (DNMT3A and DNMT3B) and maintenance (DNMT1) methylation. Mutations in DNMT3A are observed in approximately 22% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We hypothesized that DNMT1 or DNMT3B could function as a synthetic lethal therapeutic strategy for DNMT3A-mutant AML. CRISPR-Cas9 tiling screens were performed to identify functional domains within DNMT1/DNMT3B that exhibited greater dependencies in DNMT3A mutant versus wild-type cell lines. Although increased sensitivity to DNMT1 mutation was observed in some DNMT3A mutant cellular models tested, the subtlety of these results prevents us from basing any conclusions on a synthetic lethal relationship between DNMT1 and DNMT3A. Our data suggests that a therapeutic window for DNMT1 methyltransferase inhibition in DNMT3A-driven AML may exist, but validation in more biologically relevant models is required.
The ability of Phaeobacter inhibens to produce tropodithietic acid influences the community dynamics of a microalgal microbiome
Authors: Henriksen Nathalie Nina Suhr Eiris , Schostag Morten Dencker , Balder Simone Rosen , Bech Pernille Kjersgaard , Strube Mikael Lenz , Sonnenschein Eva Christina , Gram Lone 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Microbial secondary metabolites facilitate microbial interactions and are crucial for understanding the complexity of microbial community dynamics. The purpose of the present study was to determine how a secondary metabolite producing marine bacteria or its metabolite deficient mutant affected the microbiome of the marine microalgae Tetraselmis suecica during a 70 day long co-evolution experiment. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we found that neither the tropodithietic acid (TDA)-producing Phaeobacter inhibens wildtype nor the TDA-deficient mutant had major impacts on the community composition. However, a subset of strains, displayed temporally different relative abundance trajectories depending on the presence of P. inhibens. In particular, a Winogradskyella strain displayed temporal higher relative abundance when the TDA-producing wildtype was present. Numbers of the TDA-producing wildtype were reduced significantly more than those of the mutant over time indicating that TDA production was not an advantage. In communities without the P. inhibens wildtype strain, an indigenous population of Phaeobacter increased over time, indicating that indigenous Phaeobacter populations cannot co-exist with the TDA-producing wildtype. Despite that TDA was not detected chemically, we detected transcripts of the tdaC gene indicating that TDA could be produced in the microbial community associated with the algae. Our work highlights the importance of deciphering longitudinal strain dynamics when addressing the ecological effect of secondary metabolites in a relevant natural community.
The Myth of Women's Advantage in Using Child-Directed Speech: Evidence of Women Versus Men in Single-Sex–Parent Families
Authors: Grinberg Dana , Levin-Asher Bonnie , Segal Osnat 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
Differences between child-directed speech (CDS) by women and men are generally explained by either biological-evolutionary or gender-social theories. It is difficult to tease these two explanations apart for different-sex–parent families because women are usually also the main caregivers. Thus, this study aims to examine the influence of parental sex on CDS by investigating men and women who are in same-sex–parent families.

Method:
Twenty same-sex–parent families participated in the study—10 families in which the parents were two men and 10 families in which the parents were two women. The families were matched for toddler age (range: 9–24 months) and sex. CDS was recorded using the Language Environment Analysis (LENA) device for 16 hr during a day. Each parent was also audio-recorded during a 30-min play session with his or her child.

Results:
No difference was found between men and women across all the LENA measures, namely, adult word count, conversational turns count, and child vocalization count. The analysis of speech samples during parent–child play showed no difference between men and women in mean length of utterance and number of nouns, verbs, and adjectives. Pragmatic speech acts of initiations, responses to infants' actions, or vocalizations were similar in both sexes. Women used more “teaching” utterances than men, and men who were main caregivers used more “teaching” utterances than men who were secondary caregivers. Across both sexes, secondary caregivers used more “requests for actions” compared to main caregivers.

Conclusions:
The present findings support a functional–social approach and not a biological approach for explaining the use of CDS by men and women. These findings have clinical implications on the involvement of men in early intervention programs.
Online Comprehension of Verbal Number Morphology in Children With Developmental Language Disorder: An Eye-Tracking Study
Authors: Christou Spyros , Coloma Carmen Julia , Andreu Llorenç , Guerra Ernesto , Araya Claudia , Rodriguez-Ferreiro Javier , Sanz-Torrent Mónica 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
Previous studies have raised the possibility of preserved language comprehension in children with developmental language disorder (DLD) in online tasks and within simple sentence structures. Consequently, we evaluated the capacity of children with DLD to comprehend verbal number agreement in simple sentence structures (i.e., verb–object–subject and verb–subject).

Method:
Using an eye-tracking methodology, we conducted two psycholinguistic experiments with 96 Spanish- and Catalan-speaking participants. The sample was distributed into four groups: 24 children with DLD (age range: 4;6–12;6 [years;months]; average age = 7;8 [years;months]), 24 children with the same chronological age (4;6–12;2, 7;8), 24 children with the same linguistic level (4;6–9;4, 6;8), and 24 university students as language experts (18–30, 22;5).

Results:
The experimental data indicate that children with DLD can comprehend verbal number agreement at least under the present experimental conditions.

Conclusion:
The empirical outcomes suggest that number morphology comprehension by children with DLD might be more typical than what it is generally considered to be.
Predictors and Complications of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak after Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery: A Single Institution Retrospective Review
Authors: Laing Brandon , Best Benjamin , Aaronson Daniel , Harrison Gillian , Zwagerman Nathan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) is a commonly used technique for resection of sellar, suprasellar, and anterior fossa masses. One of the most troublesome complications of this technique is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. In this study, we evaluate the risk factors and consequences of CSF leak on surgical outcomes.
Methods The current study is a retrospective single-institution cohort study evaluating patients who underwent EEA for sellar and/or suprasellar masses from July 2017 to March of 2020. Risk factors for intraoperative and postoperative CSF leak were evaluated, including sellar defect size, tumor volume and pathology, age, body mass index, prior endoscopic endonasal surgery, lumbar drain placement, nasoseptal and mucosal graft use, year of surgery, and cavernous sinus invasion. Postoperative infection, perioperative antibiotic use, and length of stay were also evaluated.
Results Our study included 175 patients. Sellar defect size (p = 0.015) and intraoperative CSF leak (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with an increased risk of postoperative CSF leak. Patients with nasoseptal flaps were more likely to have a postoperative CSF leak than those with free mucosal grafts (p = 0.025). Intraoperative CSF leak, Cushing's disease, and lumbar drain placement were associated with an increased length of stay.
Conclusion Sellar defect size, intraoperative CSF leak, and nasoseptal flap use were associated with an increased risk of postoperative CSF leak. Intraoperative CSF leak, Cushing's disease, and lumbar drain placement are all associated with an increased length of stay.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression and Prognosis for Lipid Metabolism-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Fan Wen-Jie , Ding Hao , Chen Xiang-Xun , Yang Lin 
Published: November 2022

Background This study aimed to screen potential key genes associated with lipid metabolism and to evaluate their expressions and prognosis values in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods Data sets GSE6764, GSE14520, and GSE112790 were used to identify the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by STRING database. Hub genes in PPI network were identified and subjected to functional enrichment analysis to screen lipid metabolism-related genes. The expressions of selected genes and their associations with prognosis were analyzed using UALCAN, The Human Protein Atlas, and Kaplan–Meier plotter databases. The transcriptional factor (TF)-gene regulatory network was constructed using NetworkAnalyst.
Results A total of 331 common DEGs including 106 upregulated and 225 downregulated genes were identified. PPI network analysis showed that 76 genes with high degrees were identified as hub genes, among which 14 genes were lipid metabolism-related genes. PON1, CYP2C9, and SPP1 were found to be the independent prognostic markers. Key TFs with close interactions with these prognostic genes, including HINFP, SRF, YY1, and NR3C1, were identified from the TF-gene regulatory network.
Conclusion This study presented evidence for the prognostic capabilities of lipid metabolism-related genes in HCC, and newly identified HINFP and NR3C1 as potential biomarkers for HCC.
Bio-compatible piezoelectric material based wearable pressure sensor for smart textiles
Authors: J Abanah Shirley , S Esther Florence , B S Sreeja , Sankararajan Radha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With the rapid advancement of flexible wearable technology, bio-compatible textile piezoelectric pressure sensors are a promising candidates for next-generation sensing platforms to monitor human health. Smart textiles can be easily incorporated into our daily wear clothing in a breathable and conformable manner. In this study, a novel structural hierarchy consisting of a piezoelectric composite film Glycine–Chitosan (GC) sandwiched between two Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanorods patterned conductive textile electrodes was developed. A low temperature hydrothermal method was used to grow ZnO nanorods directly on the conductive fabric, and a simple solvent casting technique was employed to form a GC film. Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analyses were performed to investigate the growth of the bio-compatible piezoelectric materials. Under periodic deformation, the fabricated sensor exhibited a good piezoelectric response over a wide range of sensing pressures. The use of non-toxic, bio-compatible piezoelectric materials in the development of textile pressure sensors paves the way for the development of eco-friendly wearables.