bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell‐Mediated Biointerfacial Phenolic Assembly for Probiotic Nano Encapsulation
Authors: Centurion Franco , Merhebi Salma , Baharfar Mahroo , Abbasi Roozbeh , Zhang Chengchen , Mousavi Maedehsadat , Xie Wanjie , Yang Jiong , Cao Zhenbang , Allioux Francois‐Marie , Harm Gregory F. S. , Biazik Joanna , Kalantar‐Zadeh Kourosh , Rahim Md. Arifur 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe use of cell‐mediated chemistry is an emerging strategy that exploits the metabolic processes of living cells to develop biomimetic materials with advanced functionalities and enhanced biocompatibility. Here, a concept of a cell‐mediated catalytic process for forming protective nano‐shells on individual probiotic cells is demonstrated. This process is leveraged by the cell environment to induce oxidative polymerization of phenolic compounds, and simultaneously these phenolic polymers assemble to form nano‐coatings around individual cell surfaces. The detailed analysis reveals that the oxidation process is triggered by an essential nutrient (manganese) of the probiotic cells, which significantly increases the oxidation rate of phenolic compounds. The phenolic coatings, encapsulating each cell in nanometre scale, demonstrate excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Additionally, the in situ encapsulated probiotic cells display an improved gastric tolerance of up to ≈1.4 times higher than the native cells and enhanced adhesion as high as ≈1.6 times onto a model of intestinal epithelial cells. Finally, the coated probiotic cells exhibit a high antioxidant activity as an advanced feature. Overall, this method provides a unique approach to improve the probiotic delivery using the cell machinery to engineer encapsulating nanocoatings with protective benefits and new functionalities.
Engineering Hibiscus‐Like Riboflavin/ZIF‐8 Microsphere Composites to Enhance Transepithelial Corneal Cross‐Linking
Authors: Yang Mei , Xu Wenjin , Chen Zhongxing , Chen Ming , Zhang Xiaoyu , He Huanhuan , Wu Yushan , Chen Xueyang , Zhang Tianjiao , Yan Mengdi , Bai Jieyi , McAlinden Colm , Meek Keith M. , Yu Jinjin , Ding Shengnan , Gao Rongrong , Huang Jinhai , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRiboflavin‐5‐phosphate (RF) is the most commonly used photosensitizer in corneal cross‐linking (CXL), but its hydrophilicity and negative charge limit its penetration through the corneal epithelium into the stroma. To enhance the corneal permeability of RF and promote its efficacy in the treatment of keratoconus, novel hibiscus‐like RF@ZIF‐8 microsphere composites [6RF@ZIF‐8 NF (nanoflake)] are prepared using ZIF‐8 nanomaterials as carriers, which are characterized by their hydrophobicity, positive potential, biocompatibility, high loading capacities, and large surface areas. Both hematoxylin and eosin endothelial staining and TUNEL assays demonstrate excellent biocompatibility of 6RF@ZIF‐8 NF. In in vivo studies, the 6RF@ZIF‐8 NF displayed excellent corneal permeation, and outstanding transepithelial CXL (TE‐CXL) efficacy, slightly better than the conventional CXL protocol. Furthermore, the special hibiscus‐like structures of 6RF@ZIF‐8 NF meant that it has better TE‐CXL efficacy than that of 6RF@ZIF‐8 NP (nanoparticles) due to the larger contact area with the epithelium and the shorter RF release passage. These results suggest that the 6RF@ZIF‐8 NF are promising for transepithelial corneal cross‐linking, avoiding the need for epithelial debridement.
A Direct Writing Approach for Organic Semiconductor Single‐Crystal Patterns with Unique Orientation
Authors: Chen Shengnan , Ma Xiaoying , Cai Zheren , Long Haoran , Wang Xiaoyu , Li Zheng , Qu Zhiyuan , Zhang Fengjiao , Qiao Yali , Song Yanlin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrganic semiconductor single‐crystal (OSSC) patterns with precisely controlled orientation are of great significance to the integrated fabrication of devices with high and uniform performance. However, it is still challenging to achieve purely oriented OSSC patterns due to the complex nucleation and growth process of OSSCs. Here, a general direct writing approach is presented to readily obtain high‐quality OSSC patterns with unique orientation. In specific, a direct writing method is demonstrated wherein the microscale meniscus is manipulated, which makes it possible to precisely control the nucleation and growth process of the OSSC because of its comparable size to the crystal nuclei. The resulting OSSC patterns are highly crystalline and purely oriented, in which each ribbon crystal shows a deviation angle of 33° to the printing direction. The mechanism of orientation purification is revealed experimentally and theoretically, and the results show that the TCL deformation caused by the difference in wettability and adhesive force, as well as the asymmetry of fluid concentration distribution, are the key factors leading to the selective deposition and unique orientation. Moreover, organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) and polarization‐sensitive photodetectors are prepared based on the OSSC patterns with unique orientation, which exhibit higher device performance compared to the non‐purely oriented crystal‐based OFETs.
Adult Mouse Kidney Stem Cells Orchestrate the De Novo Assembly of a Nephron via Sirt2‐Modulated Canonical Wnt/β‐Catenin Signaling
Authors: Han Xiaobin , Sun Zhongjie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGeneration of kidney organoids using autologous kidney stem cells represents an attractive strategy for treating and potentially replacing the failing kidneys. However, whether adult mammalian kidney stem cells have regenerative capacity remains unknown. Here, previously unidentified adult kidney Sca1+ Oct4+ stem/progenitor cells are isolated. Interestingly, culturing these cells leads to generation of kidney‐like structures. First, the assembly of self‐organizing 3D kidney‐like structures is observed. These kidney organoids contain podocytes, proximal tubules, and endothelial cells that form networks of capillary loop‐like structures. Second, the differentiation of kidney stem cells into functionally mature tubules and self‐organizing kidney‐shaped structures in monolayer culture that selectively endocytoses dextran, is shown. Finally, the de novo generation of an entire self‐organizing nephron from monolayer cultures is observed. Mechanistically, it is demonstrated that Sirt2‐mediated canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signaling is critical for the development of kidney organoids. Thus, the first evidence is provided that the adult mouse kidney stem cells are capable of de novo generating kidney organoids.
Analysis of agricultural trade promotion and facilitation in the 2018 Farm Bill
Authors: Ribera Luis A. , Fischer Bart 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Market Access Program (MAP) and the Foreign Market Development (FMD) by far are the largest trade programs averaging $175 and $26 million, respectively, with very little variation year over year. This lopsided allocation between MAP and FMD seemingly is largely reflective of the natural growth of the programs over time (and of the legislative environment when they were created), there is otherwise very little explanation for the 6.7:1 imbalance. Moreover, there is very little analysis that examines the relative strengths/weaknesses of each program. However, Europe spends more promoting wine than the United States spends promoting all US agricultural products combined.
Modern Development in Copper‐ and Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions: Formation of Carbon‐Carbon and Carbon‐Heteroatom bonds under Microwave Irradiation Conditions
Authors: Salih Kifah S. M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe use of transition metals in cross‐coupling reactions has been verified as a powerful tool in synthetic organic chemistry to access valuable pharmaceutical intermediates and functional organic molecules. Copper compounds were described for building a variety of Carbon‐Carbon and Carbon‐Heteroatom bonds more than a century ago. Whereas nickel‐catalyzed cross‐coupling was emerged in the 1972. The general reactivity of the reaction conversion was enhanced during the last two decades, particularly under microwave irradiation conditions. The focus of this review article accentuates the recent development and sustainable achievement of copper‐ and nickel‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of different electrophiles and nucleophiles or two sort of nucleophiles under microwave irradiation conditions. The published cross‐coupling protocols during the last ten years were critically reviewed, this includes the type and amount of metal catalyst used, solventless and ligandless conditions and the application in the synthesis of complex heterocycles. Furthermore, various proposed reaction mechanisms covering radical path or through the involvement of metal complexes in different oxidation states were highlighted and discussed.
Metal‐Free Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of Silyl Triflates and Halides into Hydrosilanes**
Authors: Durin Gabriel , Fontaine Albane , Berthet Jean‐Claude , Nicolas Emmanuel , Thuéry Pierre , Cantat Thibault 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe metal‐free catalytic hydrogenolysis of silyl triflates and halides (I, Br) to hydrosilanes is unlocked by using arylborane Lewis acids as catalysts. In the presence of a nitrogen base, the catalyst acts as a Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP) able to split H2 and generate a boron hydride intermediate capable of reducing (pseudo)halosilanes. This metal‐free organocatalytic system is competitive with metal‐based catalysts and enables the formation of a variety of hydrosilanes at room temperature in high yields (>85 %) under a low pressure of H2 (≤10 bar).
Efficient and Color‐Tunable Dual‐Mode Afterglow from Large‐Area and Flexible Polymer‐Based Transparent Films for Anti‐Counterfeiting and Information Encryption
Authors: Yang Yifan , Liang Yaohui , Zheng Yitao , Li Jian‐An , Wu Shiying , Zhang Huaqing , Huang Tepeng , Luo Suilian , Liu Cong , Shi Guang , Sun Fengqiang , Chi Zhenguo , Xu Bingjia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIt remains a great challenge to develop polymer‐based materials with efficient and color‐tunable organic afterglow. Two indolocarbazole derivatives IaCzA and IbCzA have been synthesized and doped into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrices. It is found that the resulting films can produce unique dual‐mode afterglow, which is composed of persistent thermally activated delayed fluorescence and ultralong organic phosphorescence. Besides, the IbCzA‐doped PVA film exhibits intense blue afterglow withΦafterglowandτafterglowup to 19.8 % and 1.81 s, respectively, representing state‐of‐the‐art dual‐mode organic afterglow performance. Moreover, our reported film has high flexibility, excellent transparency, and large‐area producibility; and the afterglow color of the film can be linearly tuned by temperature. Inspired by these distinctive properties, the PVA doped with IbCzA was employed as temperature‐sensitive security ink for anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective γ‐Arylation of β,γ‐Unsaturated Butenolides
Authors: Li Sanliang , Chen Qiaoyu , Yang Junfeng , Zhang Junliang 
Published: March 2022

Abstractγ‐Butenolide and γ‐butyrolactone scaffolds are two types of important core structures in numerous natural products and bioactive targets. However, methods to construct the chiral quaternary arylated γ‐butenolide are rarely explored. We herein report an efficient Pd‐catalyzed enantioselective γ‐arylation of β,γ‐unsaturated butenolides with aryl bromides, which shows high γ‐selectivity, good functional group tolerance and excellent enantioselectivity. Notably, this protocol also allows for facile construction of tricyclic tetrahydroindolines and tetrahydroisoquinolinones in one step. DFT calculations are consistent with the experimental results, suggesting that the γ‐arylation is favoured over the α‐arylation. Finally, this method is applied to the rapid synthesis of natural product (R)‐(+)‐boivinianin A.
Electronic Regulation of Nickel Single Atoms by Confined Nickel Nanoparticles for Energy‐Efficient CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Ren Wenhao , Tan Xin , Jia Chen , Krammer Anna , Sun Qian , Qu Jiangtao , Smith Sean C. , Schueler Andreas , Hu Xile , Zhao Chuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractModulating the electronic structure of atomically dispersed active sites is promising to boost catalytic activity but is challenging to achieve. Here we show a cooperative Ni single‐atom‐on‐nanoparticle catalyst (NiSA/NP) prepared via direct solid‐state pyrolysis, where Ni nanoparticles donate electrons to Ni(i)−N−C sites via a network of carbon nanotubes, achieving a high CO current density of 346 mA cm−2 at −0.5 V vs RHE in an alkaline flow cell. When coupled with a NiFe‐based anode in a zero‐gap membrane electrolyzer, the catalyst delivers an industrially relevant CO current density of 310 mA cm−2 at a low cell voltage of −2.3 V, corresponding to an overall energy efficiency of 57 %. The superior CO2 electroreduction performance is attributed to the enhanced adsorption of key intermediate COOH* on the electron‐rich Ni single atoms, as well as a high density of active sites.
Visible‐Light‐Promoted Stereoselective C(sp3)−H Glycosylation for the Synthesis of C‐Glycoamino Acids and C‐Glycopeptides
Authors: Qi Rupeng , Wang Chao , Ma Zijian , Wang Hongying , Chen Qiao , Liu Liangyu , Pan Da , Ren Xiaoyu , Wang Rui , Xu Zhaoqing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe glycosylative modification of peptides could improve the pharmacological properties of peptide drugs and deliver them efficiently to the target sites. Compared with O‐/N‐glycosides, C‐glycosides exhibit more metabolic stability. We here disclose the first example of visible‐light‐promoted and Cu‐catalyzed stereoselective C‐glycosylation. The mild reaction conditions are compatible with various carbohydrate substrates, as demonstrated with a series of monosaccharides and a disaccharide, and are amenable to the synthesis of a wide variety of C‐glycoamino acids and C‐glycopeptidomimetics with good yields and excellent stereoselectivities. The dual‐functional photocatalyst formed in situ via coordination of the glycine derivative and the chiral phosphine Cu complex could not only catalyze the photoredox process but also control the stereoselectivity of the glycosylation reaction.
Synergistic effects of a half‐cage and cage structure phosphorus and nitrogen‐containing POSS with tetrabutyl titanate on flame retardancy of vinyl epoxy resins
Authors: Han Xu , Guo Ying , Cai Huanhuan , Li Xiang , Ding Jiangnan , Zhao Xiaojuan , Zhou Heng , Guo Wantao , Huang Wei , Zhao Tong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo improve the flame retardancy of vinyl epoxy (VE) resins more effectively, a half‐cage and cage structure polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (P/N‐POSS) containing phosphorus and nitrogen was synthesized by a one‐step Kabachnik‐Fields reaction from paraformaldehyde, 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) and 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane. It was then blended with tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) in VE resins to construct a phosphorus‐nitrogen‐silicon‐titanium synergy flame retardant system. P/N‐POSS was well dispersed in the VE matrix at low loadings (≤4 wt%). With the addition of only 4 wt% P/N‐POSS and 0.2 wt% TBT, the LOI value reached 29.2 and the UL‐94 grade passed V‐1 rating. Moreover, compared with VE‐0, the peak heat release rate, total heat release, smoke production rate and total smoke production decreased significantly. The investigations on pyrolysis volatiles and char residue of cured VE composites revealed that the excellent flame retardancy of the VE composites were due to the superior free radical capturing ability, the dilution effect of P/N‐POSS in the gas phase, and the promoting the carbonation effect of P/N‐POSS, the catalyzing char formation ability of TBT in the condensed phase. Meanwhile, VE composites exhibited improved mechanical properties, thermal stabilities and retained the low viscosity and good processability of VE resins.
Synergistic effect of cuttlebone particles and non‐rubber components on reinforcing ability of natural rubber and synthetic isoprene rubber composites
Authors: Chongcharoenchaikul Thitipat , Miyaji Kosuke , Junkong Preeyanuch , Poompradub Sirilux , Ikeda Yuko 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe comparison of the reinforcing ability of cuttlebone (CTBO) particles in natural and synthetic isoprene rubber (NR and IR, respectively) composites were investigated. The CTBO particles could reinforce in both NR and IR composites. However, the improvement of tensile properties in CTBO‐filled NR composites was higher than that of IR composites due to the presence of non‐rubber components in NR. The non‐rubber components promoted the strong interfacial adhesions with filler and rubbery matrix to increase the bound rubber content. These results affected the increase of the stress softening degree, hysteresis loss, residual strain during cyclic deformation and the volume fraction of constrained rubber region (immobilized area of rubber) in CTBO‐filled NR composites. The atomic force microscopy evidently revealed good compatibility between the CTBO particles and the NR matrix due to the presence of organic components from CTBO particles and from non‐rubber components in NR. Accordingly, the CTBO particles and non‐rubber components play important roles in improving the properties of green rubber composite materials.
Mechanism of the foaming agent‐assisted microwave drying process on the construction of natural raw rubber network and cross‐linking network
Authors: Xiao Yao , Yan Lizhi , Hao Yingjie , Qu Shengqi , Xue Junxiu , Zhu Donglin , Wang Chuansheng , Bian Huiguang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe drying process of natural rubber latex significantly affects the structure of the raw rubber network and vulcanizate crosslinking network, resulting in various anti‐aging performances. In the present study, a microwave generator was used as an efficient source of clean energy; potassium oleate was introduced as a foaming agent to increase the porosity and water loss channel of the latex system. Aiming at dehydrating and drying natural rubber latex efficiently, an aging resistant rubber composite was prepared. Meanwhile, the mechanism of the foaming agent‐assisted microwave drying process on the raw rubber network and the cross‐linking network was studied. The experimental results show that the prepared rubber using by this process has higher plastic retention and fluidity. Moreover, it contains more non‐rubber components (e.g. protein and acetone extract) and better network structure of raw rubber and vulcanized rubber. It is found that applying this process increases the tensile product by 13.5% and the retention rate of the tensile product after aging by 15.3 times. This process is important for the development of the rubber industry in the direction of green environmental protection, energy conservation, and high efficiency.
Dependency of polyacrylonitrile membrane structures on Hansen solubility parameters during non‐solvent induced phase separation
Authors: Li Jin , Yu Yuxiu , Zhou Pucha , Li Haojie , Liu Yaodong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, non‐solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) is used to prepare polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based membranes. A thorough analysis on the correlations between coagulation conditions and membrane structures was carried out according to Hansen solubility parameters of coagulants and solvents. When coagulant is various, a larger Hansen solubility distance (Ra) between PAN and coagulant leads to a quicker phase separation and faster growth of finger‐like pores. By comparison, when PAN solvent is tuned by adding small amount of water, the Ra plays totally different roles for the formation of dense layer and the growth of finger‐like pores. The structural variations of PAN membranes have been mapped in Hansen space according to the Ra. Additionally, the low temperature induced sol–gel transition of PAN solution also affects the pore structures of the resultant membranes. These results would be helpful for better understanding the NIPS and fabricating PAN and other types of polymer membranes with desired structures and performances.
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of isatin‐indole‐3‐carboxaldehyde hybrids as a new class of xanthine oxidase inhibitors
Authors: Singh Atamjit , Heer Shilpa , Kaur Komalpreet , Gulati Harmandeep K. , Kumar Nitish , Sharma Anchal , Singh Jatinder V. , Bhagat Kavita , Kaur Gurinder , Kaur Kirandeep , Singh Harbinder , Chadha Renu , Bedi Preet M. S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA novel series of triazole‐linked isatin‐indole‐3‐carboxaldehyde hybrids based on the febuxostat skeleton and its binding site interactions were rationally designed and synthesized as potential xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Among the synthesized hybrids, A19 showed the most potent xanthine oxidase inhibition (IC50 = 0.37 µM) with the mixed‐type inhibitory scenario. Structure–activity relationship studies revealed that methoxy (OCH3) substitution on position 5 of the isatin nucleus and a two‐carbon distance between isatin and the triazole moiety is most tolerable for the inhibitory potential. Various binding interactions of A19 with the binding site of xanthine oxidase are also streamlined by molecular docking studies, which showcase the favorable binding pattern for xanthine oxidase inhibition by the hybrid. Furthermore, molecular dynamic studies were performed that suggest the stability of the enzyme–hybrid complex. Overall, the study suggests that hybrid A19 can act as an effective hit lead for further development of potent xanthine oxidase inhibitors.
Salivary biomarkers in breast cancer diagnosis: A systematic review and diagnostic meta‐analysis
Authors: Koopaie Maryam , Kolahdooz Sajad , Fatahzadeh Mahnaz , Manifar Soheila 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSalivary diagnostics and their utility as a nonaggressive approach for breast cancer diagnosis have been extensively studied in recent years. This meta‐analysis assesses the diagnostic value of salivary biomarkers in differentiating between patients with breast cancer and controls.MethodsWe conducted a meta‐analysis and systematic review of studies related to salivary diagnostics published in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Ovid, Science Direct, Web of Science (WOS), and Google Scholar. The articles were chosen utilizing inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as assessing their quality. Specificity and sensitivity, along with negative and positive likelihood ratios (NLR and PLR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), were calculated based on random‐ or fixed‐effects model. Area under the curve (AUC) and summary receiver‐operating characteristic (SROC) were plotted and evaluated, and Fagan's Nomogram was evaluated for clinical utility.ResultsOur systematic review and meta‐analysis included 14 papers containing 121 study units with 8639 adult subjects (4149 breast cancer patients and 4490 controls without cancer). The pooled specificity and sensitivity were 0.727 (95% CI: 0.713–0.740) and 0.717 (95% CI: 0.703–0.730), respectively. The pooled NLR and PLR were 0.396 (95% CI: 0.364–0.432) and 2.597 (95% CI: 2.389–2.824), respectively. The pooled DOR was 7.837 (95% CI: 6.624–9.277), with the AUC equal to 0.801. The Fagan's nomogram showed post‐test probabilities of 28% and 72% for negative and positive outcomes, respectively. We also conducted subgroup analyses to determine specificity, sensitivity, DOR, PLR, and NLR based on the mean age of patients (≤52 or >52 years old), saliva type (stimulated and unstimulated saliva), biomarker measurement method (mass spectrometry [MS] and non‐MS measurement methods), sample size (≤55 or >55), biomarker type (proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics and proteomics, and reagent‐free biophotonic), and nations.ConclusionSaliva, as a noninvasive biomarker, has the potential to accurately differentiate breast cancer patients from healthy controls.