bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Level of CSF CXCL10 is highly elevated and decreased after steroid therapy in patients with autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy
Authors: Kikuchi Takayuki , Takao Naoki , Sato Tomoo , Isahaya Kenji , Hino Sakae , Kaburagi Mayumi , Tachikawa Keiji , Ko Riyoko , Shibata Soichiro , Kaburagi Kei , Iijima Naoki , Mizukami Heisuke , Sakurai Kenzo , Yamauchi Junji , Kimura Akio , Shimohata Takayoshi , Yamano Yoshihisa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the chemokine profile in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP‐A), central nervous system immune‐related adverse event (CNS‐irAE), neurosarcoidosis (NS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and human T‐cell leukemia virus‐1 (HTLV‐1)‐associated myelopathy (HAM).MethodsThe study included 38 patients presenting to St. Marianna University Hospital between May 2013 and November 2021 with GFAP‐A, CNS‐irAE, NMOSD, MS, NS, HAM and noninflammatory neurological diseases (NIND). We recorded the age, sex, duration of disease, brain/spinal lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), blood data, and measured chemokines (CXCL9, −10, −13, CCL3, −4, −17, −20, −22) in CSF. In patients with GFAP‐A, clinical symptoms, and CSF CXCL10 levels were compared before and after steroid treatment.ResultsPatients with GFAP‐A had higher CSF levels of CXCL10, CXCL13, and CCL22 (10736.1 [8786.7–149079.0] pg/ml (p < .05), 378.4 [239.9–412.2] pg/ml (p < .01) and 159.9 [130.5–413.9] pg/ml (p < .01), respectively). The CSF levels of CXCL10 improved from 10736.1 [8786.7–149079.0] pg/ml to 1879.0 [783.9–4360.0] pg/ml in patients with GFAP‐A by steroid therapy.ConclusionCSF CXCL10 levels were particularly high in GFAP‐A, and changes in levels after treatment correlated with clinical improvements, suggesting CXCL10 involvement in GFAP‐A pathogenesis.
“People as normal as possible”. Analysis of the construction of subjects in materials for the prevention of gender violence among teenagers in Spain
Authors: Coll‐Planas Gerard , San Martín Conchi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn educational materials about the reality of gender violence among teenagers, there are many explicit and implicit choices when constructing the subjects. This study analyses how the figures of victim and aggressor are constructed, in relation to three aspects: the construction of the aggressor‐victim binomial in relation to gender; what agency is attributed to women and men in the reproduction or transformation of gender violence; and whether the subjects are presented as falsely universal or as occupying specific positions in relation to other axes of inequality. The fieldwork is based on the study of materials for the prevention of gender violence among youths published in Spain between 2010 and 2020, which illustrate different discursive frameworks present in the context. Mainstream materials establish the male aggressor/female victim binomial but leave room to show other subjective positions of teenage boys and girls. Moreover, they create ‘the paradox of agency’ since all responsibility is attributed to the men in the maintenance of a violent relationship, but in the resolution of the violent situation, all responsibility is attributed to women. Intersectionality was named in the majority of texts but heterosexual, cisgender, and autochthonous subjects tended to be constructed as falsely universal, under the pretext of wanting to avoid stigmatising specific social groups.
Incidental pulmonary embolism in cancer and noncancer patients: Prospective cohort study
Authors: Wysokinska Ewa M. , Houghton Damon E. , Vlazny Danielle T. , Ashrani Aneel A. , Froehling David A. , Meverden Ryan , Hodge David O. , Peterson Lisa G. , McBane Robert D. , Wysokinski Waldemar E. , Casanegra Ana I. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundClinical picture and outcome of incidental pulmonary embolism (iPE) compared to symptomatic pulmonary embolism (sPE) remain unclear.MethodsDemographics, recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE), mortality, major bleeding, and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding (CRNMB) were compared between iPE and sPE patients who were followed prospectively at Mayo Thrombophilia Clinic (March 1, 2013 to August 1, 2020).ResultsOut of 3576 VTE patients, 1417 (39.6%) had PE: 562 (39.7%) iPE and 855 sPE. Patients with cancer were more likely to have iPE (400 iPE vs. 314 sPE) compared to those without cancer (162 iPE vs. 541 sPE). VTE recurrence rate (all per 100 person‐years) was similar in all iPE and sPE patients (3.34 vs. 3.68, p = .50), with cancer (4.16 vs. 4.89, p = .370), and without cancer patients (0.89 vs. 2.80, p = .25). Higher mortality observed in all patients with iPE compared to sPE (46.45 vs. 23.47, p < .001) and with cancer (56.41 vs. 45.77, p = .03) became not significant after adjustment for age, antiplatelet therapy, metastases, and cancer location. Noncancer iPE patients had higher mortality (15.95 vs. 7.18, p = .006) even after adjustment (p = .05). The major bleeding rate was also higher in all patients iPE compared to sPE (7.10 vs. 3.68, p = .03), but not after adjustment (p = .974); higher major bleeding rate in noncancer patients (6.49 vs. 1.25, p = .007) remained significant after adjustment (.02). CRNMB rate was similar to iPE and sPE patients.ConclusioniPE represents a more serious clinical condition compared to sPE as indicated by the higher mortality and major bleeding but these differences reflect underlying comorbidities rather than the seriousness of the embolic event.
Scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia: Age‐dependent performance of healthy adults
Authors: Grobe‐Einsler Marcus , Schmidt Alina , Schaprian Tamara , Vogt Ina R. , Klockgether Thomas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeThe Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) is a widely used clinical scale. The objective was to study the age dependence of SARA in healthy adults and to define age‐specific cut‐off values to differentiate healthy from ataxic individuals.MethodsData from 390 healthy individuals and 119 spinocerebellar ataxia patients were analyzed. SARA scores were mapped on functional SARA (fSARA). Age‐adjusted cut‐off values were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsThe cut‐off value was 3 for SARA and 1.5 for fSARA. Older patients had higher SARA cut‐off values (4.5 for 60–69 years and 6.5 for 70–79 years). Age‐adjusted cut‐off values for fSARA are 1 for 18–29, 30–39 and 50–59 years, 2 for 40–49 and 60–69 years and 3 for 70–79 years. Sensitivity and specificity were higher for SARA than for fSARA.ConclusionIn this study, age‐dependent cut‐off values were defined for SARA and fSARA. The results may be relevant for the design of future preventive trials in spinocerebellar ataxias that use conversion to ataxia as an outcome.
Utility and challenges of using whole‐genome resequencing to detect emerging insect and mite resistance in agroecosystems
Authors: Fritz Megan L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractArthropods that invade agricultural ecosystems systematically evolve resistance to the control measures used against them, and this remains a significant and ongoing challenge for sustainable food production systems. Early detection of resistance evolution could prompt remedial action to slow the spread of resistance alleles in the landscape. Historical approaches used to detect emerging resistance included phenotypic monitoring of agricultural pest populations, as well as monitoring of allele frequency changes at one or a few candidate pesticide resistance genes. In this article, I discuss the successes and limitations of these traditional monitoring approaches and then consider whether whole‐genome scanning could be applied to samples collected from agroecosystems over time for resistance monitoring. I examine the qualities of agroecosystems that could impact application of this approach to pesticide resistance monitoring and describe a recent retrospective analysis where genome scanning successfully detected an oligogenic response to selection by pesticides years prior to pest management failure. I conclude by considering areas of further study that will shed light on the feasibility of applying whole‐genome scanning for resistance risk monitoring in agricultural pest species.
Maternal satisfaction with joint and sole child physical placement arrangements following separation in Wisconsin and Finland
Authors: Riser Quentin H. , Haapanen Mari , Bartfeld Judith , Berger Lawrence M. , Hakovirta Mia , Meyer Daniel , Miettinen Anneli 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFamilies (and sometimes courts) make important decisions regarding child physical custody arrangements post‐separation, and shared parenting arrangements are increasingly common in most developed countries. Shared arrangements may be differentially associated with parental satisfaction, and these associations may vary across countries. Using data from surveys of separated mothers in Wisconsin and Finland, the present study explores this possibility and is guided by three aims: (a) to identify child and family characteristics associated with sole and shared child placements 6 or more years after separation; (b) to estimate associations of children's post‐separation placements with maternal satisfaction with placements and expense sharing; (c) to examine whether the relationship between post‐separation placement and maternal satisfaction varies by mothers' earnings and the quality of parents' relationships. We find that Finnish mothers with shared placement are more satisfied with their placement than are their counterparts with sole placement, while we find the inverse is true for Wisconsin mothers. Moreover, parental satisfaction with shared placement, overall and relative to sole placement, varies greatly depending on the quality of a mother's relationship with the other parent; and differences in relationship quality in Wisconsin and Finland may help explain the difference in satisfaction with shared placement in the two locations. In both Finland and Wisconsin, we find mothers with shared placement are more satisfied with the way expenses are shared between parents than are mothers with sole placement. Associations between placement and satisfaction are robust to extensive controls for child and maternal characteristics.
The protective effect of 3‐indolepropanoic acid on aflatoxin B1‐induced systemic perturbation of the liver and kidney function in rats
Authors: Owumi Solomon E. , Arunsi Uche O. , Oyelere Adegboyega K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is known to derange the hepatorenal system by redox, DNA adduct formation and apoptotic networks. Endogenous 3‐indole propionic acid (3‐IPA) is a metabolite of tryptophan metabolism by gut microbiota that can protect against redox imbalance, inflammation and cellular lipid damage. We investigated the beneficial effect of 3‐IPA against AFB1‐mediated organ toxicity in male rats post 28 days of consecutive treatment. The 3‐IPA (25 and 50 mg/kg) was orally administered alongside AFB1 (50 μg/kg) treatment. Biochemical and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays were utilised to examine biomarkers of hepatorenal function, oxidative status and inflammation. DNA damage and apoptosis were also assessed, and histological staining techniques were used to investigate hepatorenal tissues for pathological indicators. The 3‐IPA supplementation abated AFB1‐mediated increases in biomarkers of hepatic and renal dysfunction in rat serum. Co‐administration of 3‐IPA further reduced AFB1‐induced redox imbalance (by upregulating antioxidant mediators and enzymes [GSH, TSH, Trx, Trx‐R, SOD, CAT, GPx and GST]; reducing reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and DNA adduct [RONS, LPO and 8‐OH‐dG] formation; suppressing pro‐inflammatory and apoptotic mediators [XO, MPO, NO, IL‐1β and Casp −9 and −3]; and upregulating the level of interleukin 10 (IL‐10). Moreover, treatment with 3‐IPA lessened hepatorenal tissue injuries. These findings suggest that augmenting 3‐IPA endogenously from tryptophan metabolism may provide a novel strategy to forestall xenobiotics‐mediated hepatorenal toxicity, including AFB1.
Financial development and the effect of cross‐border bank flows on house prices
Authors: Romero Néstor , Cho Sungjun , Hyde Stuart 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe analyze the role of financial development as a buffer to diminish the effect of cross‐border bank flows shocks on house prices across 38 countries. In less financially developed countries, the observed response is markedly positive. As development increases, the response is tempered and becomes less important. Cross‐border bank flows shocks are important in explaining the historical dynamics of house prices in financially less developed countries, while monetary policy shocks are key in the most financially developed markets. Heterogeneity in responses within each level of financial development is associated with levels of maximum loan‐to‐value ratios and a ratio of cross‐border bank inflows over total liabilities abroad.
Investigating oral health‐related quality of life in patients with ischaemic stroke in China
Authors: Li Ying , Huang Qiyuan , Ge Song , Wu Bei , Tang Xianping 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to explore factors associated with oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with ischaemic stroke in China, guided by the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and Andersen’s oral health outcome model.BackgroundRecent studies have reported that the prevalence of stroke is increasing and that stroke patients are facing many oral health related problems. This study provided insights into the role of TPB in the OHRQoL among patients with ischaemic stroke.Materials and methodsThree hundred eight patients with ischaemic stroke from the Department of Neurology of a third‐grade class‐A hospital in Xuzhou, China, were enrolled in this cross‐sectional study between June and September 2020. They completed a questionnaire that included information on socio‐demographic characteristics and health behaviours, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, the Modified Rankin Scale and the Chinese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile‐14 scale (OHIP‐14). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to examine the association among the selected variables based on the TPB and Andersen’s oral health outcome model.ResultsAmong the participants (mean age 65.6), most (57.5%) were male. Their mean OHIP‐14 score was 13.3 ± 7.6. Based on the SEM path diagram, behavioural attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control of oral health were positively associated with intention; intention was associated with OHRQoL. The degree of disability was negatively associated with intention. Cognitive function was positively associated with OHRQoL.ConclusionThe OHRQoL of hospitalised patients with ischaemic stroke in China is fair to poor and affected by their oral health behaviours. Improved oral health behavioural attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control might help them form good intentions and improve their OHRQoL.
Employee choice of voice and non‐union worker representation
Authors: Donaghey Jimmy , Cullinane Niall , Dundon Tony , Dobbins Tony , Hickland Eugene 
Published: October 2022

AbstractExisting research emphasises employer choice in determining the form and content of non‐union employee representation (NER) structures. This article puts forward an alternative but complementary thesis: we conceptualise NERs as an ‘offer’ that employees can choose to either accept or reject, with several shades of settlement in between. This article argues that employee choice matters insofar as it determines the likely impact and sustainability of the NER offering. Contributing an original typology of employee choices and the associated prospects for the NER, we illustrate our argument via six workplace case studies assessing NER trajectory.
Grain‐orientation‐engineered PMN‐10PT ceramics for electrocaloric applications
Authors: Cheng Li‐Qian , Ma Zhenhua , Lu Jingtong , Jiang Guozheng , Chen Kai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe electrical properties of ferroelectric materials depend on their crystal orientations. The 〈001〉 and 〈111〉 textured 0.90Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.10PbTiO3 (PMN‐10PT) ceramics were synthesized using a template grain growth method and conventional solid sintering process. The Lotgering factors of the 〈001〉 and 〈111〉 textured PMN‐10PT ceramics with 5% anisotropic BaTiO3 (BT) precursors were 95% and 87%, respectively. The influence of grain orientation direction on dielectric properties was investigated, revealing that the permittivity of textured PMN‐10PT ceramics (εr〈001〉 = 12200, εr〈111〉 = 11800) was lower than that of random ceramics (εr = 18700). Electrocaloric (EC) responses of the random and textured samples were analyzed using an indirect polarization‐deduced method based on Maxwell's equations. When the applied field was 50 kV cm−1, the 〈111〉 textured ceramics exhibited an enhanced adiabatic temperature change of 1.30 K, which was 20% higher than that of the random samples. In addition, the EC performance of the 〈111〉 oriented samples was significantly improved compared to that of the 〈001〉 oriented ones. This work characterizes the grain‐orientation‐dependent EC responses in the PMN‐PT system, which would be a promising approach to EC response improvement in ferroelectric ceramics.
Global burden of atrial fibrillation/flutter due to high systolic blood pressure from 1990 to 2019: estimates from the global burden of disease study 2019
Authors: Jin Yaqiong , Wang Keke , Xiao Bing , Wang Mengxiao , Gao Xueying , Zhang Jie , Lu Jingchao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAtrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/AFL) has progressed to be a public health concern, and high systolic blood pressure (HSBP) remains the leading risk factor for AF/AFL. This study estimated the HSBP attributable AF/AFL burden based on the data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019. Numbers, age‐standardized rates (ASR) of deaths, disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), and corresponding estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) were analyzed by age, sex, sociodemographic index (SDI), and locations. Gini coefficient was calculated to evaluate health inequality. Globally, HSBP‐related AF/AFL caused 107 091 deaths and 3 337 876 DALYs in 2019, an increase of 142.5% and 105.9% from 1990, respectively. The corresponding mortality and DALYs ASR declined by 5.8% and 7.7%. High‐income Asia Pacific experienced the greatest decrease in mortality and DALYs ASR, whereas the largest increase was observed in Andean Latin America. Almost half of the HSBP‐related AF/AFL burden was carried by high and high‐middle SDI regions, and it was experiencing a shift to lower SDI regions. A negative correlation was detected between EAPC and SDI. Females and elderly people tended to have a higher AF/AFL burden, whereas young adults (30–49 years old) experienced an annual increase in AF/AFL burden. The Gini index of DALYs rate decreased from 0.224 in 1990 to 0.183 in 2019. Despite improved inequality having been observed over the past decades, the HSBP‐related AF/AFL burden varied across regions, sexes, and ages. Cost‐effective preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic tools are required to be implemented in less developed regions.
A Factor Mixture Model for Item Responses and Certainty of Response Indices to Identify Student Knowledge Profiles
Authors: Chen Chia‐Wen , Andersson Björn , Zhu Jinxin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe certainty of response index (CRI) measures respondents' confidence level when answering an item. In conjunction with the answers to the items, previous studies have used descriptive statistics and arbitrary thresholds to identify student knowledge profiles with the CRIs. Whereas this approach overlooked the measurement error of the observed item responses and indices, we address this by proposing a factor mixture model that integrates a latent class model to detect student subgroups and a measurement model to control for student ability and confidence level. Applying the model to 773 seventh graders' responses to an algebra test, where some items were related to new material that had not been taught in class, we found two subgroups: (1) students who had high confidence in answering items involving the new material; and (2) students who had low confidence in answering items involving the new material but higher general self‐confidence than the first group. We regressed the posterior probability of the group membership on gender, prior achievement, and preview behavior and found preview behavior a significant factor associated with the membership. Finally, we discussed the implications of the current study for teaching practices and future research.
Successful aging after elective surgery II: Study design and methods
Authors: Hshieh Tammy T. , Schmitt Eva M. , Fong Tamara G. , Arnold Steve , Cavallari Michele , Dickerson Bradford C. , Dillon Simon T. , Jones Richard N. , Libermann Towia A. , Marcantonio Edward R. , Pascual‐Leone Alvaro , Shafi Mouhsin M. , Touroutoglou Alexandra , Travison Thomas G. , Gou Ray Yun , Tommet Douglas , Abdeen Ayesha , Earp Brandon , Kunze Lisa , Lange Jeffrey , Vlassakov Kamen , Inouye Sharon K. ,   for the SAGES II Study Team
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Successful Aging after Elective Surgery (SAGES) II study was designed to increase knowledge of the pathophysiology and linkages between delirium and dementia. We examine novel biomarkers potentially associated with delirium, including inflammation, Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and neurodegeneration, neuroimaging markers, and neurophysiologic markers. The goal of this paper is to describe the study design and methods for the SAGES II study.MethodsThe SAGES II study is a 5‐year prospective observational study of 400–420 community dwelling persons, aged 65 years and older, assessed prior to scheduled surgery and followed daily throughout hospitalization to observe for development of delirium and other clinical outcomes.Delirium is measured with the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), long form, after cognitive testing. Cognitive function is measured with a detailed neuropsychologic test battery, summarized as a weighted composite, the General Cognitive Performance (GCP) score. Other key measures include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)/electroencephalography (EEG), and Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. We describe the eligibility criteria, enrollment flow, timing of assessments, and variables collected at baseline and during repeated assessments at 1, 2, 6, 12, and 18 months.ResultsThis study describes the hospital and surgery‐related variables, delirium, long‐term cognitive decline, clinical outcomes, and novel biomarkers. In inter‐rater reliability assessments, the CAM ratings (weighted kappa = 0.91, 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.74–1.0) in 50 paired assessments and GCP ratings (weighted kappa = 0.99, 95% CI 0.94–1.0) in 25 paired assessments. We describe procedures for data quality assurance and Covid‐19 adaptations.ConclusionsThis complex study presents an innovative effort to advance our understanding of the inter‐relationship between delirium and dementia via novel biomarkers, collected in the context of major surgery in older adults. Strengths include the integration of MRI, TMS/EEG, PET modalities, and high‐quality longitudinal data.