bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pose consensus control of multi‐agent rigid body systems with homogenous and heterogeneous communication delays
Authors: Maadani Mohammad , Butcher Eric A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA new strategy for full pose and velocity consensus control of multi‐agent rigid body systems in the presence of communication delays is presented. Specifically, consensus protocols are proposed for a system of N heterogeneous rigid bodies on the Banach manifold associated with the tangent bundle , under a fixed and undirected communication topology, where the attitudes of the rigid bodies are described in terms of rotation matrices. The stability argument is strengthened from that used in prior studies by using an extension of Morse–Lyapunov–Krasovskii approach, and sufficient conditions are derived to achieve almost global asymptotic stability of the consensus subspace. Finally, illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the proposed method where both homogenous and heterogeneous communication delays are considered.
Affective and coping responses to quarantine hotel stays
Authors: Pratt Stephen , Tolkach Denis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDuring the outbreak of COVID‐19, many travellers had to quarantine upon arrival to their destination, often at designated hotels and usually for two weeks. Quarantine, as any type of isolation, is often emotionally challenging. This study applies the transactional theory of stress to explore guests' experiences during the hotel quarantine, the cognitive appraisals of their experiences and affective responses, and the coping strategies they deploy to address adverse mental effects of the quarantine. Data from in‐depth interviews with quarantine hotel guests demonstrates that guests experience a rollercoaster of moods and emotions during their stay, moving from uncertainty and anxiety to isolation and boredom to despair and depression, and finally to relief and optimism. These hotel guests used a range of coping styles to alter the perceived space and time in quarantine, address social isolation as well as negative emotions and moods. These findings have important implications for tourism, hospitality, and health professionals in managing travel, accommodation, and quarantine arrangements during a crisis.
Thermoelectric Coolers: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Chen Wen‐Yi , Shi Xiao‐Lei , Zou Jin , Chen Zhi‐Gang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOwing to the free of noise, mechanical component, working fluid, and chemical reaction, thermoelectric cooling is regarded as a suitable solution to address the greenhouse emission for the broad cooling scenarios. Here, the significant progress of state‐of‐the‐art thermoelectric coolers is comprehensively summarized and the related aspects of materials, fundamental design, heat sinks, and structures, are overviewed. Particularly, the usage of thermoelectric coolers in smart city, greenhouse, and personal and chip thermal management is highlighted. In the end, current challenges and future opportunities for further improvement of designs, performance, and applications of thermoelectric coolers are pointed out.
Functionalizing Lipid Sponge Droplets with DNA**
Authors: Cho Christy J. , Niederholtmeyer Henrike , Seo Hyeonglim , Bhattacharya Ahanjit , Devaraj Neal K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNucleic acids are among the most versatile molecules for the construction of biomimetic systems because they can serve as information carriers and programmable construction materials. How nucleic acids interact with coacervate compartments that consist of a lipid sponge phase is not known. Here we systematically characterize the potential of DNA to functionalize lipid sponge droplets and demonstrate a strong size dependence for sequestration into the sponge phase. Double stranded DNA molecules of more than 300 bp are excluded and form a corona on the surface of droplets they are targeted to. Shorter DNA molecules partition efficiently into the lipid sponge phase and can direct DNA‐templated reactions to droplets. We demonstrate repeated capture and release of labeled DNA strands by dynamic hybridization and strand displacement reactions that occur inside droplets. Our system opens new opportunities for DNA‐encoded functions in lipid sponge droplets such as cargo control and signaling.
Apoptosis, rather than neurogenesis, induces significant hippocampal‐dependent learning and memory impairment in chronic low Cd2+ exposure
Authors: Li Tianpeng , Dong Shuyan , He Chengjian , Yang Jing , Li Weiyun , Li Shanshan , Li Jing , Du Xiaoxue , Hou Zhaoxia , Li Luping , Li Songtao , Huang Zhihui , Sun Tingting 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCadmium (Cd), a ubiquitous toxic heavy metal, with the intractable trait of low degradation, can induce multiple organ damage. Whereas, far less is known about its neurotoxicity and the specific mechanism in the chronic low Cd exposure. To investigate the chronic neurotoxicity of Cd2+, we traced its effects for up to 30 months in mice which were exposed to Cd2+ by drinking the mimicking Cd‐polluted water. We found the toxicity of chronic Cd exposure was a process associated with the transition from autophagy to apoptosis, and the switch of autophagy‐apoptosis was Cd dose‐dependent with the threshold of [Cd2+] 0.04 mg/L. Furthermore, JNK was found to be a hub molecule orchestrated the switch of autophagy‐apoptosis by interacting with Sirt1 and p53. At last, the hippocampus‐dependent learning and memory was damaged by continuous neuron apoptosis rather than deficit of neurogenesis. Therefore, elucidation of the effect, process, and potential molecular mechanism of the chronic low Cd2+ exposure is important for controlling of the environmental‐pollutant Cd.
C1q/tumor necrosis factor‐related protein 9 protects cultured chondrocytes from IL‐1β‐induced inflammatory injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the AdipoR1/AMPK axis
Authors: Wang Bo , Li Yanqi , Hu Shouye , Peng Kan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractC1q/tumor necrosis factor‐related protein 9 (CTRP9) has been identified as a novel anti‐inflammatory factor that participates in numerous pathological conditions. However, whether CTRP9 participates in the regulation of osteoarthritis has not been studied. This work sought to determine the possible role of CTRP9 in osteoarthritis using an in vitro model, namely interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β)‐stimulated chondrocytes. There was a decreased level of CTRP9 in chondrocytes after IL‐1β stimulation. CTRP9 upregulation dramatically repressed IL‐1β‐evoked apoptosis and inflammatory response in cultured chondrocytes. The mechanistic investigation revealed that CTRP9 overexpression restrained the activation of the nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in IL‐1β‐stimulated chondrocytes via the adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1)/adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) axis. Notably, inhibition of AdipoR1 or AMPK abolished the regulatory effects of CTRP9 overexpression on IL‐1β‐evoked apoptosis and inflammasome activation. Overall, the results of this work delineate that CTRP9 protects cultured chondrocytes from IL‐1β‐induced inflammatory injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the AdipoR1/AMPK axis. This work underscores a potential role of CTRP9 in the progression of osteoarthritis.
Pneumoperitoneum as an uncommon complication after an axillary laceration in a horse
Authors: Schoen Linda Marie , Al Naem Mohammed , Röcken Michael , Geburek Florian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLacerations of the axillary region occur frequently in horses. Typical complications caused by entrapment of air in the wound during locomotion are subcutaneous emphysema, with consecutive pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax. In this case report, the clinical, radiographic and laboratory diagnosis and management of these complications after an axillary laceration that finally resulted in pneumoperitoneum are described. A 1‐year‐old Hannoveranian was presented with a pre‐existing axillary laceration of unknown duration and subcutaneous emphysema in the surrounding tissue. Due to extensive tissue loss, attempts to adequately close the wound surgically and by packing with sterile dressing material were unsuccessful. Despite stall confinement and tying of the horse, subcutaneous emphysema was progressive and pneumomediastinum as well as pneumothorax was developed. These complications were monitored radiographically. On day 5 after admission, signs of air accumulation were detected on radiographs craniodorsally in the peritoneum and a pneumoperitoneum was diagnosed. Repeated thoracentesis with a teat cannula to gradually evacuate the thoracic cavity was used in combination with nasal oxygen insufflation to treat global respiratory insufficiency. Subcutaneous emphysema and all other complications resolved progressively and the horse was discharged from the hospital 21 days after admission when the axillary wound was adequately filled with granulation tissue. The wound healed fully 1 month later and the horse did not develop long‐term complications within the following year. To the authors´ knowledge, the development of pneumoperitoneum including its radiographic monitoring following an axillary laceration has not been described in horses previously.
Parasite inversion for determining the coefficients and time‐validity of Philip's two‐term infiltration equation
Authors: Jaiswal Parakh , Gao Yifu , Rahmati Mehdi , Vanderborght Jan , Šimůnek Jirka , Vereecken Harry , Vrugt Jasper A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMany different equations have been proposed to describe quantitatively one‐dimensional soil water infiltration. The unknown coefficients of these equations characterize soil hydraulic properties and may be estimated from a n record, , of cumulative infiltration measurements using curve fitting techniques. The two‐term infiltration equation, , of Philip has been widely used to describe measured infiltration data. This function enjoys a solid mathematical–physical underpinning and admits a closed‐form solution for the soil sorptivity, S [L T−1/2], and multiple, c [−], of the saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks [L T−1]. However, Philip's two‐term equation has a limited time validity, tvalid [T], and thus cumulative infiltration data, , beyond will corrupt the estimates of S and Ks. This paper introduces a novel method for estimating S, c, Ks, and tvalid of Philip's two‐term infiltration equation. This method, coined parasite inversion, use as vehicle Parlange's three‐parameter infiltration equation. As prerequisite to our method, we present as secondary contribution an exact, robust and efficient numerical solution of Parlange's infiltration equation. This solution admits Bayesian parameter estimation with the DiffeRential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) algorithm and yields as byproduct the marginal distribution of Parlange's β parameter. We evaluate our method for 12 USDA soil types using synthetic infiltration data simulated with HYDRUS‐1D. An excellent match is observed between the inferred values of S and Ks and their “true” values known beforehand. Furthermore, our estimates of c and tvalid correlate well with soil texture, corroborate linearity of the relationship for , and fall within reported ranges. A cumulative vertical infiltration of about 2.5 cm may serve as guideline for the time‐validity of Philip's two‐term infiltration equation.
Jet timing
Authors: Chiu Wen Han , Liu Zhen , Low Matthew , Wang Lian-Tao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The measurement of the arrival time of a particle, such as a lepton, a photon, or a pion, reaching the detector provides valuable information. A similar measurement for a hadronic final state, however, is much more challenging as one has to extract the relevant information from a collection of particles. In this paper, we explore various possibilities in defining the time of a jet through the measurable arrival times of the jet constituents. We find that a definition of jet time based on a transverse momentum weighted sum of the times of the constituents has the best performance. For prompt jets, the performance depends on the jet trajectory. For delayed jets, the performance depends on the trajectory of the jet, the trajectory of the mother particle, and the location of the displaced vertex. Compared to the next-best-performing jet time definition, the transverse momentum weighted sum has roughly a factor of ten times better jet time resolution. We give a detailed discussion of the relevant effects and characterize the full geometrical dependence of the performance. These results highlight the critical importance of using a proper definition of jet time with its corresponding detector-dependent calibration and the exciting possibility of deepening our understanding of jets in the time domain.
Baryogenesis from ultra-slow-roll inflation
Authors: Wu Yi-Peng , Pinetti Elena , Petraki Kalliopi , Silk Joseph 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The ultra-slow-roll (USR) inflation represents a class of single-field models with sharp deceleration of the rolling dynamics on small scales, leading to a significantly enhanced power spectrum of the curvature perturbations and primordial black hole (PBH) formation. Such a sharp transition of the inflationary background can trigger the coherent motion of scalar condensates with effective potentials governed by the rolling rate of the inflaton field. We show that a scalar condensate carrying (a combination of) baryon or lepton number can achieve successful baryogenesis through the Affleck-Dine mechanism from unconventional initial conditions excited by the USR transition. Viable parameter space for creating the correct baryon asymmetry of the Universe naturally incorporates the specific limit for PBHs to contribute significantly to dark matter, shedding light on the cosmic coincidence problem between the baryon and dark matter densities today.
Random matrix theory for complexity growth and black hole interiors
Authors: Kar Arjun , Lamprou Lampros , Rozali Moshe , Sully James 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe study a precise and computationally tractable notion of operator complexity in holographic quantum theories, including the ensemble dual of Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity and two-dimensional holographic conformal field theories. This is a refined, “microcanonical” version of K-complexity that applies to theories with infinite or continuous spectra (including quantum field theories), and in the holographic theories we study exhibits exponential growth for a scrambling time, followed by linear growth until saturation at a time exponential in the entropy — a behavior that is characteristic of chaos. We show that the linear growth regime implies a universal random matrix description of the operator dynamics after scrambling. Our main tool for establishing this connection is a “complexity renormalization group” framework we develop that allows us to study the effective operator dynamics for different timescales by “integrating out” large K-complexities. In the dual gravity setting, we comment on the empirical match between our version of K-complexity and the maximal volume proposal, and speculate on a connection between the universal random matrix theory dynamics of operator growth after scrambling and the spatial translation symmetry of smooth black hole interiors.
International Pesticide Operator Safety Meeting 2021: hand-held application scenarios in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Röver Markus , Shaw Anugrah , Kuster Christian J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn international web meeting on the topic of operator safety for pesticide operators was held on 20–21 September 2021. The meeting provided an opportunity for experts from regulatory agencies, pesticide industry, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and other organizations to discuss operator safety in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The meeting focused on risk assessment and risk mitigation, the first steps to address operator safety. The key message at the meeting was the need for an operator exposure model that includes common hand-held scenarios used in LMIC and consistent personal protective equipment communication. The experts supported a transparent collaborative process that will enable us to build on the past efforts.
Orai1α, but not Orai1β, co-localizes with TRPC1 and is required for its plasma membrane location and activation in HeLa cells
Authors: Sanchez-Collado Jose , Lopez Jose J. , Jardin Isaac , Berna-Erro Alejandro , Camello Pedro J. , Cantonero Carlos , Smani Tarik , Salido Gines M. , Rosado Juan A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe identification of two variants of the canonical pore-forming subunit of the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel Orai1, Orai1α and Orai1β, in mammalian cells arises the question whether they exhibit different functional characteristics. Orai1α and Orai1β differ in the N-terminal 63 amino acids, exclusive of Orai1α, and show different sensitivities to Ca2+-dependent inactivation, as well as distinct ability to form arachidonate-regulated channels. We have evaluated the role of both Orai1 variants in the activation of TRPC1 in HeLa cells. We found that Orai1α and Orai1β are required for the maintenance of regenerative Ca2+ oscillations, while TRPC1 plays a role in agonist-induced Ca2+ influx but is not essential for Ca2+ oscillations. Using APEX2 proximity labeling, co-immunoprecipitation and the fluorescence of G-GECO1.2 fused to Orai1α our results indicate that agonist stimulation and Ca2+ store depletion enhance Orai1α–TRPC1 interaction. Orai1α is essential for TRPC1 plasma membrane location and activation. Thus, TRPC1 function in HeLa cells depends on Ca2+ influx through Orai1α exclusively.
Evaluation of novel cathepsin-X inhibitors in vitro and in vivo and their ability to improve cathepsin-B-directed antitumor therapy
Authors: Mitrović Ana , Završnik Janja , Mikhaylov Georgy , Knez Damijan , Pečar Fonović Urša , Matjan Štefin Petra , Butinar Miha , Gobec Stanislav , Turk Boris , Kos Janko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNew therapeutic targets that could improve current antitumor therapy and overcome cancer resistance are urgently needed. Promising candidates are lysosomal cysteine cathepsins, proteolytical enzymes involved in various critical steps during cancer progression. Among them, cathepsin X, which acts solely as a carboxypeptidase, has received much attention. Our results indicate that the triazole-based selective reversible inhibitor of cathepsin X named Z9 (1-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-2-((4-isopropyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)ethan-1-one) significantly reduces tumor progression, both in vitro in cell-based functional assays and in vivo in two independent tumor mouse models: the FVB/PyMT transgenic and MMTV-PyMT orthotopic breast cancer mouse models. One of the mechanisms by which cathepsin X contributes to cancer progression is the compensation of cathepsin-B activity loss. Our results confirm that cathepsin-B inhibition is compensated by an increase in cathepsin X activity and protein levels. Furthermore, the simultaneous inhibition of both cathepsins B and X with potent, selective, reversible inhibitors exerted a synergistic effect in impairing processes of tumor progression in in vitro cell-based assays of tumor cell migration and spheroid growth. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Z9 impairs tumor progression both in vitro and in vivo and can be used in combination with other peptidase inhibitors as an innovative approach to overcome resistance to antipeptidase therapy.
Warm sheet metal forming of energy-absorbing elements made 7075 aluminum alloy in the hardened state T6
Authors: Jaśkiewicz Karol , Skwarski Mateusz , Kaczyński Paweł , Gronostajski Zbigniew , Polak Sławomir , Trzpis Przemysław 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe article covers experimental research on the forming of products made of 7075 aluminum alloy. This aluminum alloy grade is characterized by high strength, but due to its low formability in T6 temper, its use in the stamping processes of complex structural elements is limited. The authors have manufactured a U-shaped element at an elevated temperature and determined the optimal parameters of the process. Conventional heating of the sheet and shaping it at the temperature of 100 and 150 °C allowed to obtain a product of high strength similar to the T6 state, above 540 MPa. Due to the excessive springback of the sheet during forming, these products were characterized by a large deviation of the shape geometry, exceeding the allowable values of + / − 1 mm. Only the use of an alternative method of heating the sheet to temperatures of 200 and 240 °C (between plates at 350 °C, heating time 2 min, heating rate 1.8 °C/s) allowed to obtain a product that meets both the strength and geometric requirements. The determined optimal process’ parameters were later transferred to the stamping process of elements of a more complex shape (lower part of the B-pillar). The sheet was heated up and formed in the previously pre-heated tools. In the subsequent series of tests, the heating method and the blank’s temperature were being analyzed. In the case of the foot of the B-pillar, it was necessary to lower the initial blank temperature to 200 °C (heating in a furnace with a temperature of 340 °C, heating speed 0.5 °C/s). The appropriate combination of the process parameters resulted in the satisfactory shape deviation and reaching the product’s strength comparable to the strength of the material in as-delivered T6 temper. Using electron microscopy, it was verified that the structure of the finished product contained particles MgZn2 that strongly strengthen the alloy. The obtained results complement the data on the possibility of using 7075 aluminum alloy to produce energy-absorbing elements of motor vehicles.
Li–Yau inequalities for general non-local diffusion equations via reduction to the heat kernel
Authors: Weber Frederic , Zacher Rico 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe establish a reduction principle to derive Li–Yau inequalities for non-local diffusion problems in a very general framework, which covers both the discrete and continuous setting. Our approach is not based on curvature-dimension inequalities but on heat kernel representations of the solutions and consists in reducing the problem to the heat kernel. As an important application we solve a long-standing open problem by obtaining a Li–Yau inequality for positive solutions u to the fractional (in space) heat equation of the form $$(-\Delta )^{\beta /2}(\log u)\le C/t$$

(
-
Δ
)

β
/
2

(
log
u
)

≤
C
/
t

, where $$\beta \in (0,2)$$

β
∈
(
0
,
2
)

. We also show that this Li–Yau inequality allows to derive a Harnack inequality. We further illustrate our general result with an example in the discrete setting by proving a sharp Li–Yau inequality for diffusion on a complete graph.