bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The volume‐outcomes relationship in donation after circulatory death liver transplantation
Authors: Delman Aaron M. , Turner Kevin M. , Ammann Allison M. , Schepers Emily , Vaysburg Dennis M. , Cortez Alex R. , Van Haren Robert M. , Wilson Greg C. , Shah Shimul A. , Quillin Ralph C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDonation after circulatory death (DCD) liver transplantation (LT) has become an effective mechanism for expanding the donor pool and decreasing waitlist mortality. However, it is unclear if low‐volume DCD centers can achieve comparable outcomes to high‐volume centers.MethodsFrom 2011 to 2019 utilizing the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database, liver transplant centers were categorized into tertiles based on their annual volume of DCD LTs. Donor selection, recipient selection, and survival outcomes were compared between very‐low volume (VLV, n = 1–2 DCD LTs per year), low‐volume (LV, n = 3–5), and high‐volume (HV, n > 5) centers.
ResultsOne hundred and ten centers performed 3273 DCD LTs. VLV‐centers performed 339 (10.4%), LV‐centers performed 627 (19.2%), and HV‐centers performed 2307 (70.4%) LTs. 30‐day, 90‐day, and 1‐year patient and graft survival were significantly increased at HV‐centers (all P < .05). Recipients at HV‐centers had shorter waitlist durations (P < .01) and shorter hospital lengths of stay (P < .01). On multivariable regression, undergoing DCD LT at a VLV‐center or LV‐center was associated with increased 1‐year patient mortality (VLV‐OR:1.73, 1.12–2.69) (LV‐OR: 1.42, 1.01–2.00) and 1‐year graft failure (VLV‐OR: 1.79, 1.24–2.58) (LV‐OR: 1.28, .95–1.72).
DiscussionIncreased annual DCD liver transplant volume is associated with improved patient and graft survival.
Types of diet, obesity, and incident type 2 diabetes: Findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study
Authors: Boonpor Jirapitcha , Petermann‐Rocha Fanny , Parra‐Soto Solange , Pell Jill P. , Gray Stuart R. , Celis‐Morales Carlos , Ho Frederick K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the associations between types of diet and incident type 2 diabetes and whether adiposity mediated these associations.Materials and MethodsIn total, 203 790 participants from UK Biobank (mean age 55.2 years; 55.8% women) without diabetes at baseline were included in this prospective study. Using the dietary intake data self‐reported at baseline, participants were categorized as vegetarians (n = 3237), fish eaters (n = 4405), fish and poultry eaters (n = 2217), meat eaters (n = 178 004) and varied diet (n = 15 927). The association between type of diet and incident type 2 diabetes was investigated using Cox‐proportional hazards models with a 2‐year landmark analysis. The mediation role of adiposity was tested under a counterfactual framework.ResultsAfter excluding the first 2 years of follow‐up, the median follow‐up was 5.4 (IQR: 4.8‐6.3) years, during which 5067 (2.5%) participants were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. After adjusting for lifestyle factors, fish eaters (HR 0.52 [95% CI: 0.39‐0.69]) and fish and poultry eaters (HR 0.62 [95% CI: 0.45‐0.88]) had a lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes compared with meat eaters. The association for vegetarians was not significant. Varied diet had a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Obesity partially mediated the association of fish (30.6%), fish and poultry (49.8%) and varied (55.2%) diets.ConclusionsFish eaters, as well as fish and poultry eaters, were at a lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes than meat eaters, partially attributable to lower obesity risk.
Genomics applied to livestock and aquaculture breeding
Authors: Yáñez José M. , Xu Peng , Carvalheiro Roberto , Hayes Ben 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe increasing global demand for food, due to the continuous growth of human population, requires improvements in the efficiency and sustainability of animal production systems. In addition, several challenges facing farming of aquatic and terrestrial organisms need to be overcome to ensure food security in the upcoming decades, e.g. adaptation to climate change, reduced availability of conventional animal feed ingredients, emerging infectious and parasitic diseases, among others. Genomic technologies such as massive parallel sequencing, high‐throughput genotyping, genome selection and gene editing, combined with highly efficient computational methods can accelerate the rate of genetic progress in animal breeding. Thus, such technologies can help us meet the needs for protein sources for human consumption in the upcoming years. This Special Issue aims at presenting current advancements in the field of genomic tools applied to aquatic and terrestrial farmed animal populations.
Effects of nalbuphine on the cardiotoxicity of ropivacaine in rats
Authors: Wang Chenran , Sun Shen , Jiao Jing , Yu Xinhua , Huang Shaoqiang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhen combined with nalbuphine, local anesthetics show a longer duration of nerve block without increasing complications. However, no evidence is available concerning the effect of nalbuphine on the cardiotoxicity of local anesthetics. The objective of this work is to investigate whether nalbuphine pretreatment can increase the lethal dose threshold of ropivacaine in rats. Anesthetized Sprague Dawley rats were pretreated with different doses of nalbuphine (0.4, 0.8, 1.5, 3.0, 5.0 mg/kg) or NS (normal saline, negative control) or 30% LE (lipid emulsion, positive control) 2 ml/kg/min for 5 min (n = 6). Then 0.5% ropivacaine was infused at a rate of 2.5 mg/kg/min until asystole occurs. Time of arrhythmia, 50% mean arterial pressure‐ and 50% heart rate‐reduction, and asystole were recorded, and ropivacaine doses were calculated. Nalbuphine (0.4–5.0 mg/kg) did not affect ropivacaine‐induced arrhythmia, 50% mean arterial pressure‐reduction and 50% heart rate‐reduction, and asystole in rats compared with NS pre‐treatment. The asystole dose threshold (in milligrams per kilogram) of group LE was higher than that of group NS (NS 28.25(6.32) vs. LE, 41.58(10.65); P = 0.04; 95% confidence interval 0.23 to 26.45), while thresholds of arrhythmia, 50% mean arterial pressure‐reduction, and 50% heart rate‐reduction were not affected by LE. Nalbuphine doses of 0.4–5.0 mg/kg pretreatment did not increase the threshold of ropivacaine cardiotoxicity compared with NS control; 30% LE increases the lethal dose threshold of ropivacaine in rats.
Managed Aquifer Recharge for Drinking Water Protection—Glacial Aquifer in Cape Cod, Massachusetts
Authors: Heisen Karilyn , Young David , Colby Jeff 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMassachusetts's first large‐scale use of reclaimed water to irrigate a golf course began in 2001 at the Links at Bayberry Hills Golf Course. The project utilizes up to 28 million gallons per year (0.11 million cubic meters) of highly treated effluent from the nearby septage treatment plant and has a backup site for disposal of unused water. The golf course is over a large glacial aquifer, designated as a Sole Source Aquifer by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This aquifer provides most of the drinking water for Cape Cod. In addition to protecting drinking water, the project must meet limitations on nitrogen loads due to degraded water quality in the harbors and estuaries. The multisite design provides an adaptable approach for protection of drinking water aquifers and demonstrates beneficial use of reclaimed wastewater. The project required cooperation between the town and the state to develop new regulations to permit beneficial water reuse. The project provides recreational benefits, protects drinking water, reduces nitrogen loads to the groundwater, and reduces groundwater withdrawals.
Nonpharmacological pain management interventions in medical and surgical abortion: A scoping review
Authors: Qian Jialu , Sun Shiwen , Wang Man , Yu Xiaoyan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsThe study aimed to present a broad overview of the research conducted and to synthesize evidence of the utility of nonpharmacological interventions for pain management in medical and surgical abortions.BackgroundHigh‐quality care for medical and surgical abortion requires pain to be managed effectively. However, women reported low satisfaction with pain management in abortion care.DesignA scoping review design was employed.Data sourcesNo date limit was set. PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ProQuest and Scopus were searched in April 2021.Review methodsArksey and O'Malley's framework was used. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐analysis extension‐Scoping Reviews was followed.ResultsFifteen studies were included. The results revealed that support interventions, music therapy, acupoint stimulation and hypnotic analgesia were nonpharmacological interventions used to decrease abortion pain.ConclusionsClinical nurses, nurse managers and policymakers should attach full importance to the pain management in abortion and may use the study findings to guide the pain management practice.
Idiopathic factor V inhibitor in a patient starting haemodialysis
Authors: Sutherland Luke J. , Tan Sarah , Hanna Merit 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA 74‐year‐old Pacific Island man with end‐stage renal failure planning to start haemodialysis presented with persistent bleeding after tunnelled dialysis catheter insertion. The laboratory findings revealed a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time of 118 s, prothrombin ratio of 4.2, factor V activity of <2% and a factor V inhibitor of 40 Bethesda Units. No clear underlying aetiology was identified. The bleeding settled with conservative measures and the factor V inhibitor was successfully treated with oral cyclophosphamide for 6 weeks.
Relationship between predisposing and facilitating factors: Does it influence the risk of developing peri‐operative pressure injuries?
Authors: Weng Pei‐Wei , Lin Yen‐Kuang , Seo Jang‐Dong , Chang Wen‐Pei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between the personal predisposing factors of patients and the severity of pressure injuries (PIs) developed during surgery. This retrospective cohort study collected 439 cases of peri‐operative PIs. Using binary logistic regression to identify the variables associated with PI severity, the effects of interactions between associated variables were then tested. The results of this study revealed that among the personal predisposing factors, only higher patient age (P = .001) and higher body mass index (P < .001) posed a greater risk of stage 2 PIs or higher. Among the surgery‐related facilitating factors, only patients who were placed in the prone position during surgery and patients who lost ≥1000 mL of blood during surgery were at greater risk of stage 2 PIs or higher, compared, respectively, to those placed in the supine position and those who lost ≤100 mL of blood. Furthermore, the amount of blood lost during surgery moderated the influence of age on PI severity. For elderly patients who are expected to lose a large blood volume during surgery or lose an immeasurable amount of blood due to the use of cardiopulmonary bypass, taking more precautionary measures to prevent PIs is recommended.
Cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance: What are the medical treatments to prevent cardiovascular events in such patients?
Authors: Ishii Hideki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) significantly induce advanced coronary artery disease and systemic atherosclerosis. Thus, type 2 diabetes mellitus and IGT are traditional risk factors of cardiovascular disease. In contrast, acute coronary syndrome is frequently caused by the rupture of coronary atherosclerotic plaques, which reduces patients’ quality of life and might result in death. To date, many trials have sought to identify ways to determine the coronary plaque volume and its vulnerability, and many studies have shown that some specific antihyperglycemic agents might prevent coronary or carotid plaque progression, decrease plaque volume, induce plaque stability, and improve clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and IGT. This article reviews the following: (i) the association between coronary or carotid plaques and abnormal glucose tolerance, including type 2 diabetes mellitus; and (ii) the effects of oral antihyperglycemic drugs to improve clinical outcomes and stabilize atherosclerotic plaques in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and IGT.
Direct visualization of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 secretion by fluorescent fusion proteins
Authors: Tsuzuki Atsushi , Fujioka Yoichiro , Yoshida Aiko , Kashiwagi Sayaka , Amano Maho , Hira Tohru , Nakamura Akinobu , Miyoshi Hideaki , Atsumi Tatsuya , Ohba Yusuke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLive‐cell imaging with fluorescent proteins (FPs) is a powerful tool for investigating the exocytosis processes of hormones. However, the secretion process of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) has not been visualized by FPs, which might be because tagging FPs inhibits GLP‐1 synthesis through the post‐translational processing from proglucagon. Here, we have developed FP‐tagged GLP‐1 by inserting FPs into the middle of GLP‐1 and adding the proglucagon signal peptide. Confocal imaging confirmed that GLP‐1 fused to FPs with high folding efficiency showed granular structure, in which secretory vesicle markers colocalized. The fluorescence intensity of FP in the culture supernatant from cells treated with KCl or forskolin was significantly increased compared with those from untreated cells. Furthermore, FP‐tagged GLP‐1 enables direct visualization of stimulation‐dependent exocytosis of GLP‐1 at a single granule resolution with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. FP‐tagged GLP‐1 might facilitate the screening of GLP‐1 secretagogues and the discovery of new antidiabetic drugs.
Coverage error of three resin composite systems to vital unrestored maxillary anterior teeth
Authors: Diamantopoulou Sofia , Johnston William M. , Ghinea Razvan , Papazoglou Efstratios 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveDefine the color of anterior teeth of a selected population and correlate it (by using coverage error [CE] and the frequency of best match) with the final color of all possible enamel‐dentine combinations of three different resin composite systems.Materials and methodsColor of 636 vital unrestored anterior teeth (central incisors, lateral incisors and canines; n = 212) and disk specimens (12 mm diameter, varying thickness) corresponding to enamel‐dentin combinations of all available enamel (0.5 mm and 1.0 mm thickness) and dentin shades (3.0 mm thickness) of Essentia, Enamel Plus HRi and IPS Empress Direct composite systems was measured using a clinical dental spectrophotometer (Spectroshade Micro). CE and frequency of best match for all composite systems were calculated for the measured in‐vivo teeth color space.ResultsNatural in‐vivo teeth exhibit higher lightness when compared to enamel‐dentin composite combinations, independently of the enamel thickness used. The best (lowest) CE was found for IPS Empress, while the highest values were found for Enamel Plus Hri independently of tooth type and enamel thickness (p < 0.001). The use of 0.5 mm instead of 1.0 mm enamel thickness within enamel‐dentin composite combinations resulted in a lower CE for in‐vivo tooth color (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe color space defined by all possible enamel‐dentin combinations of the studied resin composite systems does not fully match the color range of anterior teeth. All composite systems examined lack combinations with lightness values as high as the population's. IPS Empress Direct composite system represented better the in‐vivo teeth color.Clinical significanceThe use of 0.5 mm enamel shade thickness is suggested when building layered restorations, as it provided better color coverage than using 1.0 mm thickness.
Bacterial diacetyl suppresses abiotic stress‐induced senescence in Arabidopsis
Authors: Singh Sunil K. , Sun Yazhou , Yang Yu , Zuo Ziwei , Wu Xiaoxuan , Shao Chuyang , Peng Li , Paré Paul W. , Zhang Huiming 
Published: April 2022

SummaryPremature plant senescence induced by abiotic stresses is a major cause of agricultural losses worldwide. Tools for suppressing stress‐induced plant senescence are limited. Here, we report that diacetyl, a natural compound emitted by the plant‐beneficial bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, suppresses abscisic acid ‐mediated foliar senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana under various abiotic stress conditions. Our results establish diacetyl as an effective protector against stress‐induced plant senescence and reveal a molecular mechanism for bacteria‐enhanced plant stress resistance.
Skin biophysical properties including impaired skin barrier function determine ultraviolet sensitivity
Authors: Kim Min Ah , Jung Yu Chul , Suh Byung‐Fhy , Lee Han Na , Kim Eunjoo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe levels of burning susceptibility to ultraviolet (UV) radiations are affected by various factors, including Fitzpatrick skin types, skin color, sex, and ethnicity. However, studies on the relationship between skin biophysical properties and erythemal responses to UV radiations are rare.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate biophysical properties of the skin that determined individual skin sensitivity to UV radiation.MethodsAs an indicator of skin sensitivity to UV radiation, Korean women were subjected to minimal erythema dose (MED) testing. The skin biophysical properties, such as skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), were measured. MED were also evaluated in further variations in the skin, including barrier disruption.ResultsA significant negative correlation was observed between TEWL and MED. With an increase in TEWL, that represents reduced skin barrier function, skin UV sensitivity also increased. Artificial alteration of skin conditions also changed erythemal response to UV radiation. When the skin barrier was disrupted, MED significantly decreased, indicating increased skin UV sensitivity. It is hypothesized that the altered penetration of UV radiation into the stratum corneum under the respective skin conditions caused different erythema reactions.ConclusionFor the first time in a clinical study, the skin biophysical properties, including skin barrier function, were found to have significant effects on skin sensitivity to UV radiation. This finding could help predict individual susceptibility to UV damage. Therefore, skincare products that improve skin conditions associated with UV sensitivity, as well as sunscreen are important for protection against the hazards of UV radiation.
Filtration enlargement‐based time series forecast in view of insider trading
Authors: Bennett Luke M. , Hu Wei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis survey reviews filtration enlargement models in view of insider trading. Although filtration enlargement aptly models insiders' informational advantage, the theoretical results have not attracted the attention of the empiricists, owing mainly to the lack of a bridge transforming the results to testable hypotheses, and/or the absence of econometrics method linking the hypotheses and the data. This survey provides a feasible avenue to estimate insider information and to detect trading from a relatively sophisticated theoretical model, where the dynamics of publicly available data (e.g., stock price) implies insider information before the information is completely digested. We complete the survey with an empirical illustration based on simulated data.
A nomogram to assist blastocyst selection in vitrified‐warmed embryo transfer cycles
Authors: Xiong Feng , Sun Qing , Wang Sisi , Yao Zhihong , Chen Peilin , Wan Caiyun , Zhong Huixian , Zeng Yong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimThe purpose of the study was to establish a mathematical model to help rank the order of blastocysts and assist selection of which blastocysts to warm in vitrified‐thawed embryo transfer cycles.DesignA total of 2862 women who underwent first vitrified‐thawed single blastocyst transfer (SBT) between July 2015 and July 2019 were retrospectively recruited and randomized into a training set (n = 2289) and testing set (n = 573). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to screen the factors critical to live birth (LB). Subsequently, a nomogram model was established to convert the effect of each factor on LB into a measurable score. The efficacy of the model was then evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic and calibration curve. The performance of the model was also internally tested in the testing set.ResultsMaternal age, endometrial thickness, oocyte number, day‐3 embryo quality, blastocyst morphology, and blastulation day were selected as the critical predictors of LB in the vitrified‐thawed SBT cycle and fitted into a nomogram model. The area under the curve (AUC) of the model was 0.67, and the AUC in the testing set was 0.64, which indicates moderate discrimination. The calibration curve showed good concordance between prediction and observation. Importantly, the score of each variable in the nomogram helped to rank the order of the blastocysts resulting in LB.ConclusionsThe nomogram model can provide guidance for embryo selection in vitrified‐thawed blastocyst transfer cycles, which may help to optimize the LB rate.
Impact of the post‐COVID‐19 condition on health care after the first disease wave in Lombardy
Authors: Mannucci Pier M. , Nobili Alessandro , Tettamanti Mauro , D'Avanzo Barbara , Galbussera Alessia A. , Remuzzi Giuseppe , Fortino Ida , Leoni Olivia , Harari Sergio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundLombardy was affected in the early months of 2020 by the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic with very high morbidity and mortality. The post‐COVID‐19 condition and related public health burden are scarcely known.Setting and designUsing the regional population administrative database including all the 48,932 individuals who survived COVID‐19 and became polymerase‐chain‐reaction negative for SARS‐CoV‐2 by 31 May 2020, incident mortality, rehospitalizations, attendances to hospital emergency room, and outpatient medical visits were evaluated over a mid‐term period of 6 months in 20,521 individuals managed at home, 26,016 hospitalized in medical wards, and 1611 in intensive care units (ICUs). These data were also evaluated in the corresponding period of 2019, when the region was not yet affected by the pandemic. Other indicators and proxies of the health‐care burden related to the post‐COVID condition were also evaluated.Main resultsIn individuals previously admitted to the ICU and medical wards, rehospitalizations, attendances to hospital emergency rooms, and out‐patient medical visits were much more frequent in the 6‐month period after SARS‐CoV‐2 negativization than in the same prepandemic period. Performances of spirometry increased more than 50‐fold, chest CT scans 32‐fold in ICU‐admitted cases and 5.5‐fold in non‐ICU cases, and electrocardiography 5.6‐fold in ICU cases and twofold in non‐ICU cases. Use of drugs and biochemical tests increased in all cases.ConclusionsThese results provide a real‐life picture of the post‐COVID condition and of its effects on the increased consumption of health‐care resources, considered proxies of comorbidities.