bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic UCN2 Treatment Desensitizes CRHR2 and Improves Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Wu Zhidan , Flaherty Stephen , Bezy Olivier , Zheng Wei , Yan Dong , Li Xiangping , Jagarlapudi Srinath , Albuquerque Bina , Esq Ryan , Peloquin Matt , Semache Meriem , Mancini Arturo , Kang Liya , Drujan Doreen , Breitkopf Susanne , Pashos Evanthia , Quazi Shakey , Pehmoller Christian , Monetti Mara , Fortin J.P. , Birnbaum Morris 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The neuropeptide Urocortin 2 (UCN2) acts as a ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 (CRHR2) expressed in the brain and peripheral metabolic tissues. UCN2 has been reported to improve or worsen insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and have opposing effects on glucose tolerance in vivo. In this report, we examined the acute and chronic effect of UCN2 on glucose metabolism and signaling pathways downstream of CRHR2. Consistent with previous reports, we found that acute dosing of UCN2 induced systemic insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in mice and skeletal muscle. Inversely, chronic elevation of UCN2 by injection with adenovirus encoding UCN2 (UCN2.AAV) resolved metabolic complications, improving glucose tolerance. Phosphoproteomic analysis of acutely treated skeletal muscle revealed dephosphorylation of IRS1 and AKT1S1, which was entirely reversed in UCN2.AAV skeletal muscle. Interestingly, pharmacological studies showed that all human isoforms of CRHR2 recruit Gs, as well as Gi and β-Arrestin, in response to stimulation with UCN2. However, Gi and β-Arrestin recruitment occurs at UCN2 concentrations 10-fold higher than Gs recruitment. Furthermore, pre-treating cells with UCN2 led to internalization of CRHR2 and dampened ligand-dependent increases in cAMP. Consistent with the in vivo results, treatment of mouse soleus muscle with UCN2 ex vivo showed AKT1S1 and IRS1 dephosphorylation and decreased glucose uptake in response to insulin; these responses were blunted when the muscle was pre-incubated with UCN2. These studies demonstrate that exposure to high, chronic concentrations of UCN2 desensitizes CRHR2, thus blocking the effects of acute UCN2, and improving insulin sensitivity, in skeletal muscle and systemically. On the other hand, acute treatment with UCN2 activates CRHR2 through recruitment of Gs which leads to blunted insulin signaling and glucose uptake. These results provide mechanistic insights into how UCN2 regulates insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle and in vivo. Importantly, a working model was derived from these results that unifies the contradictory metabolic effects of UCN2.
IL-19 induces MUC5AC overproduction in hepatolithiasis via stat3 pathway
Authors: WU XIAODONG , WEI YUANZHENG , WU SHUODONG 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Intrahepatic biliary lithiasis is a benign biliary disease with complex pathological changes, high recurrence rate and difficult to cure. The pathological mechanism underlying hepatolithiasis development is closely related to chronic inflammation of intrahepatic bile duct and aberrant expression of mucin5ac (MUC5AC). The present study aimed to verify the up-regulation effect of IL-19 to MUC5AC in hepatolithiasis.
Results
He staining, PAS staining, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of MUC5AC and IL-19 in bile duct tissue. The expressions of MUC5AC and STAT3 in bile duct tissue, epithelial cells and cell supernatant were detected by Western blot, PCR and ELISA. Chip experiment verified the binding of STAT3 to MUC5AC promoter sequence. The regulation effect of the stat3 signaling pathway was examined by stat3 siRNA transfection and using cryptotanshinone (CRY, a stat3 inhibitor ). MUC5AC secretion level were significantly increased in mucosa of hepatolithiasis tissue compared to controls. After pretreatment with rhIL-19, the expression level of MUC5AC in HEiECs was significantly up-regulated. Knockdown of IL-20R or pretreatment with CRY attenuated the up-regulation effect of IL-19 to MUC5AC.
Conclusions
The present study suggest that the IL-19 can induce MUC5AC overproduction in hepatolithiasis via stat3 pathway. Intervention of IL-19 and its downstream molecules may provide support for the treatment and prevention of hepatolithiasis.
Caregiver Burden is Associated with Treatment Dropout in Family-Based Treatment of Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Matthews Abigail , Bruening Amanda B. , Aarnio-Peterson Claire M. , Kramer Rachel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Caregivers play a pivotal role in the success of family-based treatment (FBT) for anorexia nervosa (AN). Caregiver burden is frequently demonstrated in eating disorders (EDs) and may impact FBT outcomes. This study examined factors associated with caregiver burden at the start of FBT and whether caregiver burden was associated with treatment dropout and weight gain over the course of FBT.
Methods
Participants included 126 adolescents with AN (mean age = 15.59 years, SD = 1.41) and a primary caregiver (89.9% mothers) who received FBT at a pediatric medical center in the United States. Hierarchical regressions examined whether caregiver anxiety and depression, ED severity, adolescent history of mental health treatment, and family history of EDs predicted caregiver burden at the start of treatment. ANOVAs assessed whether caregiver burden was greater among caregivers of adolescents who dropped out of FBT within 3-months. Finally, associations between caregiver burden and adolescent weight gain at 3- and 6-months after starting FBT were also examined with hierarchical regressions.
Results
Caregiver anxiety (p < .001), adolescent history of mental health treatment (p = .024), and family history of EDs (p = .028) predicted significantly greater caregiver burden at the start of FBT. Caregivers of patients who dropped out of FBT reported greater burden than caregivers of patients who did not dropout (p = .030). Caregiver burden at the start of FBT did not significantly predict weight gain at 3- and 6- months.
Conclusion
Findings suggest the importance of assessing caregiver burden at the start of FBT and provide preliminary support for targeting caregiver well-being to reduce FBT dropout rates.
Level of Evidence:
Level III, case-control analytic study.
Fine-grained multi-focus image fusion based on edge features
Authors: Tian Bin , Yang Lichun , Dang Jianwu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Multi-focus image fusion is the process of fusing multiple images of different focus areas into a total focus image, which has important application value. In view of the shortcomings of the current fusion method in the global information retention effect of the original image, a fusion architecture based on two stages is designed.In the training phase, the polarization self-attention module is combined with the DenseNet network to design an encoder-decoder structure for image reconstruction tasks to enhance the global information attention ability of the model. In the fusion stage, combined with the edge feature information of the encoded feature map, a fusion strategy based on edge feature map is designed for image fusion task to enhance the detail attention ability of the fusion algorithm. Compared with 7 classical fusion algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieves advanced fusion performance in both subjective and objective evaluation, and the fused image has better information retention effect on the original image.
Horizontal transmission of Beauveria bassiana spores using infected males and inoculation device: impact on survival and fecundity of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Galvez Cesar , Flores Salvador , Campos Sergio , Ramirez Francisco Ramirez y , Rosas-Quijano Raymundo , Montoya Pablo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The mode of transmission of fungus spores (horizontal transmission or assisted auto-dissemination) directly influences the effectiveness of a fungal pathogen when used as a control agent. Fungal infections cause physiological alterations leading to the host's death. During this process, the fungus uses the energy reserves in the hemolymph of insects, affecting the development and performance of individuals and, therefore, the demographic features of their populations. In this work, we evaluated topical inoculation and an auto-disseminator device in the transmission of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin conidia to Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae). Survival and fecundity were negatively affected by the action of the fungus, and mortality was influenced by the inoculation method. Inoculated sterile males were as competitive as untreated males and reduced the fecundity and survival of females. We conclude that the pathogenic action of B. bassiana reduces the survival and fecundity parameters of C. capitata infected by horizontal transmission, while the behavioral response of treated sterile males is similar to that of sterile-fertile untreated males. We discuss the potential use of this strategy as part of the pest management of C. capitata.
Examination of oral care using MA-T gel for high-risk patients – A pilot study
Authors: Minagi Hitomi Ono , Gojo Nao , Tsutomu Nohno , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Ohuchi Hideyo , Sakai Takayoshi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To prevent aspiration, oral care with gel is a common method for high-risk patients. An oral care gel is used to clean and moisturize the oral cavity. However, the effects of gel care on oral bacteria remain unclear. In this pilot study, we describe a matching transformation system (MA-T) for elderly high-risk patients. MA-T is an on-demand aqueous chlorine dioxide solution that provides excellent safety with various antimicrobial activities even in the presence of abundant organic compounds. This study investigated the effects of MA-T gel on patients requiring nursing care. Membranous substances were present in the oral cavities of all patients. Oral bacteria and intraoral humidity were examined by daily care using an MA-T gel. Moreover, oral membranous substances were analyzed and bacteria were cultured in selective mediums for opportunistic infection. Consequently, the number of bacteria decreased and oral moisture was improved by treatment with MA-T gel. It is important to care for MA-T gels not only for the single use of professional care but also for daily care. Furthermore, culture experiments showed that MA-T controlled the propagation of opportunistic bacterial infections. The MA-T gel proved to be effective for the oral care of elderly people. Membranous substances may be observed in the oral cavity of persons requiring nursing care for tubal feeding. The results of this pilot study suggest that MA-T, a new disinfectant, can be applied in oral care to reduce aspiration.
The QuEChERS method coupled to HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS for the determination of 25 banned pesticide residues in ethnic medicines
Authors: Zhu Lv , Wu Mengyao , Zhao Yunyan , Tao Chengtian , Lu Yang , Zhang Jiaxiong , Wan Li 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Because of the excellent efficacy of ethnic medicines, their market demand is increasing rapidly. There are few methods to detect and screen banned pesticides in ethnic medicines. Therefore, it is highly urgent to establish a detection method for banned pesticides in ethnic medicines, which has important practical significance for the quality and safety supervision of ethnic medicines. This study aimed to establish a method for the simultaneous and rapid determination of 25 banned pesticides in ethnic medicine by QuEChERS combined with HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS. The limits of quantification were less than 8 ng/ml. The recoveries of most pesticides were between 70 and 110%, and their RSDs were less than 20%. To evaluate the applicability of this method, pesticide residues in 46 batches of ethnic medicines were analyzed, and the matrix effect behavior of pesticides in ethnic medicines was analyzed, providing a reference for the analysis of pesticide residues in ethnic medicine matrices of a similar type. Using matrix-matched calibration, it was found that one positive sample contained fonofos and four positive samples contained phorate pesticides. The contents of these pesticides exceeded the limits set by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
Creating and detecting specious randomness
Authors: Almlöf Jonas , Llosera Gemma Vall , Arvidsson Elisabet , Björk Gunnar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present a new test of non-randomness that tests both the lower and the upper critical limit of a χ 2 -statistic. While checking the upper critical value has been employed by other tests, we argue that also the lower critical value should be examined for non-randomness. To this end, we prepare a binary sequence where all possible bit strings of a certain length occurs the same number of times and demonstrate that such sequences pass a well-known suite of tests for non-randomness. We show that such sequences can be compressed, and therefore are somewhat predictable and thus not fully random. The presented test can detect such non-randomness, and its novelty rests on analysing fixed-length bit string frequencies that lie closer to the a priori probabilities than could be expected by chance alone.
Standards for Evaluating the Quality of Undergraduate Nursing Elearning Programme in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Modified Delphi Study
Authors: Mutua Moses , Nyoni Champion 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The lack of standards hampers the evaluation of e-learning programmes in low- and middle-income countries. Fragmented approaches to evaluation coupled with a lack of uniform criteria have been a major deterrent to the growth of e-learning. Adopting standards from high-income countries has contextual challenges in low- and middle-income countries. Holistic approaches coupled with uniform standards provide holistic information to stakeholders hence the quality of the programmes is measurable. The e-learning situation in low-and middle-income countries provided an impetus to develop and validate these standards.
Design
A modified Delphi technique.
Review methods
Fourteen experts with experience and expertise in e-learning and regulation of undergraduate nursing from fourteen countries in low-and middle-income countries participated in three rounds of the modified Delphi process. A pre-described set of standards was shared electronically for independent and blinded ratings. An 80% agreement influenced consensus decisions. The standards were modified based on experts’ comments, and two subsequent rounds were used to refine the standards and criteria.
Results
At the end of round one, the expert consensus was to keep 67, modify 29 and remove three criteria. At the end of the second round, the consensus was to modify 28 and remove four criteria. In the third round, experts agreed that the standards were feasible, usable, and practical in LMICs. A total of six broad standards with 105 criteria were developed.
Conclusion
The Technological bloom permeating all spheres of society, including education is an essential component in the development of e-learning programmes. The standards are quintessential to evaluating the quality of undergraduate nursing programmes. E-learning in nursing education requires critical evaluation to ensure quality in undergraduate nursing programmes. The intricacies of the Low and middle-income context were taken into consideration in developing the standards to offer sustainable evaluation of the quality of e-learning in LMICs, and local solutions to local problems.
Diagnostic value of NGS in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for pulmonary fungal infection
Authors: Kuang Ziyu , Liu Jing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) has been approved to diagnose lung fungal diseases. However, the test performance of clinical mNGS has not been widely recognized. This study aims to evaluate the value of mNGS in the system of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid through the systematic evaluation of gathered analysis and related research. A total of 1113 patients (265 with proven or probable invasive fungal diseases), included in 6 studies, were analyzed. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.89(95%CI, 0.75–0.96), 0.86 (95%CI, 0.78–0.91), 6.2 (95%CI, 4.0-9.6), 0.12 (95%CI, 0.05–0.32), and 50(95%CI, 15–163), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve, with 95% confidence intervals, was 0.93(95%CI,0.90–0.95).The accuracy of the metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) is good, has certain clinical characteristics, can explain the results separately, and has the clinical value of early diagnosis of lung fungal infection. Purpose:This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aims to investigate the diagnostic utility and benefits of mNGS in comparison to conventional detection techniques for lung fungal infection in clinical patients. Patients and methods:A preliminary diagnosis of lung infection based on a patient's medical history, clinical symptoms, and imaging tests is a requirement for inclusion.Using the method of meta-analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (OR), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) of BAL-mNGS for identifying lung fungal illness were pooled. Results:6 studies involving a total of 1113 patients, 265 of whom had invasive fungal diseases that were proven or likely to have occurred, were examined. The diagnostic odds ratio, PLR, NLR, and diagnostic sensitivity were all pooled, and their respective values were 0.89 (95% CI, 0.75–0.96), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.78–0.91), 6.2 (95% CI, 4.0-9.6), 0.12 (95% CI, 0.05–0.32), and 50 (95% CI, 15–163). With 95% confidence intervals, the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.93 (95%CI, 0.90–0.95). Conclusion:The clinical value of metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) for the early diagnosis of lung fungal infection is that it is accurate, has specific clinical characteristics, can explain the results separately, and has clinical utility.
Characterization based on genotype–biochemical phenotype association in fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency
Authors: Tanaka Tomoaki , Sakuma Ikki , Nagano Hidekazu , Hashimoto Naoko , Fujimoto Masanori , Nakayama Akitoshi , Taki Yuki , Matsuda Tatsuya , Akamine Hiroyuki , Kono Satomi , Kono Takashi , Nishimura Motoi , Lee Eunyoung , Miki Takashi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) deficiency, caused by an FBP1 mutation, is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypoglycemic lactic acidosis. The mechanism by which the mutations cause enzyme activity loss is uncertain.
Methods
We performed whole-exome sequencing in an adult patient with severe hypoglycemic lactic acidosis and identified that the patient carried compound heterozygous missense mutations of FBP1 with c.491G > A (p.G164D) and c.581T > C (p.F194S).
Results
Biochemical analysis revealed that FBP1 mutant (G164D or F194S) decreased protein expression and enzyme activity loss. The interactome analysis for binding partners demonstrated that G164D and F194S mutants interact with the proteins involved in unfolded protein response. Additionally, G164D and F194S mutants aggregated in the endoplasmic reticulum, suggesting the involvement of protein misfolding in its pathogenesis. All FBP1 missense mutations previously reported were classified into three functional categories: Type 1 mutations, located at pivotal residues in enzyme activity motifs with no effects on protein expression; Type 2 mutations, which mediate changes in amino acid hydrophobicity and structurally cluster around the substrate-binding pocket, are associated with aggregation in the endoplasmic reticulum, and decreased protein expression; and Type 3 mutations, which are likely non-pathogenic mutations.
Conclusion
Protein misfolding contributes to FBPase deficiency pathogenesis, particularly in Type 2 mutations.
Inferring material properties from CFRP processes via Sim-to-Real learning
Authors: Stieber Simon , Schröter Niklas , Fauster Ewald , Bender Marcel , Schiendorfer Alexander , Reif Wolfgang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Carbon fiber reinforced polymers provide favorable properties such as weight-specific strength and stiffness that are central for certain industries, such as aerospace or automotive manufacturing. Liquid composite molding (LCM) is a family of often employed, inexpensive, out-of-autoclave manufacturing techniques. Among them, resin transfer molding (RTM), offers a high degree of automation. Herein, textile preforms are saturated by a fluid polymer matrix in a closed mold. Both impregnation quality and level of fiber volume content are of crucial importance for the final part quality. We propose to simultaneously learn three major textile properties presented as a three-dimensional map based on a sequence of camera images acquired in flow experiments. The three properties are fiber volume content and permeability in X and Y direction. Finally, we show how simulation-to-real transfer learning can improve a digital twin in CFRP manufacturing, compared to simulation-only models and models based on sparse real data. The best model, trained on the most realistic simulation data outperforms the same model trained on less sophisticated simulation data by 4 percent points and 0.34 points in intersection over union, more than tripling this metric.
Dynamic Goal Tracking for Differential Drive Robot using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Shahid Mahrukh , Khan Semab Neimat , Khawaja Fahad Iqbal , Ali Sara , Ayaz Yasar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To ensure the steady navigation for robot stable controls are one of the basic requirements. Control values selection is highly environment dependent. To ensure reusability of control parameter system needs to generalize over the environment. Adding adaptability in robots to perform effectively in the environments with no prior knowledge reinforcement leaning is a promising approach. However, tuning hyper parameters and attaining correlation between state space and reward function to train a stable reinforcement learning agent is a challenge. In this paper we designed a continuous reward function to minimizing the sparsity and stabilizes the policy convergence, to attain control generalization for differential drive robot. We Implemented Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient on Open-AI Gym Race Car. System was trained to achieve smart primitive control policy, moving forward in the direction of goal by maintaining an appropriate distance from walls to avoid collisions. Resulting policy was tested on unseen environments including dynamic goal environment, boundary free environment and continuous path environment on which it outperformed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient.