bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Looking Over vs. Overlooking Native American Languages: Let’s Void the Void
Authors: Stubbs Brian Darrel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The time-depth of the Romance language family (ca. 2,000 years) yields an abundance of similarities among languages descended from Latin: Spanish, French, Italian, and so forth. The time-depth of Lehi is not much greater (2,600 years), yet no similar abundance of accepted linguistic evidence for Lehi’s presence in the Americas has emerged. Is this because of a lack of evidence or a lack of looking? We cannot know until we look. The relative absence of effort in Native American languages relevant to Book of Mormon research is a huge void in Latter-day Saint scholarly endeavor. This paper discusses the value of and need to void this existing void, and presents from one Native American language family an example of the possibilities.
Der Künstler als Schmerzpatient: Eine Untersuchung über Schmerzen des Bewegungsapparates bei Musikern und ihrer Erwartungen an die Schmerztherapie / THE ARTIST AS A PAIN PATIENT. AN INVESTIGATION ON PAIN IN THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM IN MUSICIANS AND THEIR EXPECTATIONS REGARDING PAIN THERAPY
Authors: Wehling Peter , MOLSBERGER A. , KLEIN J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
74 pop/rock/jazz musicians and 100 classical musicians were investigated by means of a specially designed questionnaire. Several social, musical, pain, and health-related questions were asked. Pain of the musculoskeletal system was the main complaint of musicians in both groups (75% classical; 64% rock-pop-jazz). Classical musicians suffer most from neck pain (35%) and the other group mostly from shoulder pain (30%). Specific instruments showed specific musolosceletal pain patterns. 55Λ of the musicians in the classical field were treated by an orthopedic surgeon, whereas 43% of rock/pop/jazz musicians chose no therapy, although they suffered from pain. Only 32% of the classical musicians showed good compliance; 64% believe that medical therapy is not adjusted to the needs of musicians. 98% of the classical musicians and 89% of rock/pop/jazz musicians wish to have a doctor who is specially trained to deal with the needs of musicians. U-Musiker (n = 74) und E-Musiker (n = 100) erhielten einen standartisierten Erhebungsbogen. Der Erhebungsbogen war unterteilt in folgende Fragekomplexe: Allgemeine Fragen: Alter, Geschlecht, Gesundheitszustand, bekannte Grunderkrankungen. Spezielle Fragen: Musikalische Tätigkeit. Vertragsinstrumente und hierdurch bedingte zeitliche und körperliche Belastung; Erkrankungen, die durch die berufliche Tätigkeit ausgelöst sein könnten; (Fach)ärzte, die vom Musiker wegen seiner Schmerzen Arztes durch den Musiker bei der Therapie musikerspezifischer Beschwerden; Compliance des Patienten. Zusätzlich zeigte derFragebogen eine schematische Figur, in der die Musiker ihre vorrangigen Schmerzregionen eintragen konnten. Schmerzen des Bewegungsapparates stehen bein E- (75%) und U- (64%) Musikern im Vordergrund. Besonders häufig sind die Beschwerden im HWS-Bereich (E-Musik = 35%) und Schulterbereich (U-Musik = 30%) lokalisiert. Es gibt Hinweise, daß für bestimmte Vertragsinstrumente typische Lokalisationen der Schmerzen bestehen. Bei E-Musikern wird an erster Stelle der behandelnden Ärzte der Orthopäde aufgesucht (55%), 43% der U-Musiker gehen trotz bestehender Schmerzen in keine medizinische Behandlung. Nur 32% der E-Musiker zeigen eine gute Compliance. 64% glauben, daß die Therapie schlecht auf ihre Bedürfnisse abgestimmt ist. 98% der E-Musiker und 89% der U-Musiker wünschen, wie z.B. im Sport bekannt, einen auf Musikerbelange spezialisierten Arzt.
Legal Perspectives on the Slaying of Laban
Authors: Welch John W. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article marshals ancient legal evidence to show that Nephi’s slaying of Laban should be understood as a protected manslaughter rather than a criminal homicide. The biblical law of murder demanded a higher level of premeditation and hostility than Nephi exhibited or modern law requires. It is argued that Exodus 21:13 protected more than accidental slayings or unconscious acts, particularly where God was seen as having delivered the victim into the slayer’s hand. Various rationales for Nephi’s killing of Laban are explored, including ancient views on surrendering one person for the benefit of a whole community. Other factors within the Book of Mormon as well as in Moses’ killing of the Egyptian in Exodus 2 corroborate the conclusion that Nephi did not commit the equivalent of a first-degree murder under the laws of his day.
An Hypothesis concerning the Three Days of Darkness among the Nephites
Authors: Ball Russell H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aspects of the three days of darkness following the three-hour period of intense destruction described principally in 3 Nephi are discussed, including: (1) the strange absence of rain among the destructive mechanisms described; (2) the source of the intense lightning, which seems to be unaccompanied by rain; (3) a mechanism to account for the inundation of the cities of Onihah, Mocum, and Jerusalem, which were not among the cities which "sunk in the depths of the sea"; and (4) the absence in the histories of contemporary European and Asiatic civilizations of corresponding events, which are repeatedly characterized in 3 Nephi as affecting "the face of the whole earth."
Simile Curses in the Ancient Near East, Old Testament, and Book of Mormon
Authors: Morrise Mark J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The simile curse is a type of curse that appears in ancient Near Eastern, Old Testament, and Book of Mormon texts. It consists of two parts: (1) an event (e.g., "Just as this wax is burned by fire") and (2) an application of that event to the subject of the curse (e.g., "so shall Arpad be burned"). In ancient Near Eastern texts, simile curses appear in written treaties and were often part of a ritual acted out during a treaty ceremony. In the Old Testament, simile curses appear primarily in prophetic writings as literary devices. In the Book of Mormon, simile curses appear in the context of treaties, religious covenants, and prophecies, and in several instances were acted out. These curses were probably part of the oral tradition of ancient Near Eastern, Old Testament, and Book of Mormon peoples.
A Chronological Setting for the Epistles of Mormon to Moroni
Authors: Miner Alan C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Although chapters 8 and 9 of the book of Moroni (Mormon’s epistles to Moroni) were placed with Mormon and Moroni’s abridgment by Moroni sometime between the years A.D. 401 and 421, these chapters were not written at that time. The insertion into the text of these epistles was done for doctrinal reasons; however, mixed in with the doctrinal message are certain facts and phrases which deal with their historical-chronological setting. By analyzing the specific chronological clues contained within Mormon’s epistles, and comparing them with his abridged record of the final years of the Nephite nation, we can create a set of chronological time frames which then can be compared to construct a reasonable historical setting of A.D. 375 to 376.
The True Points of My Doctrine
Authors: Reynolds Noel B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In a 1991 BYU Studies article, I identified and analyzed three core Book of Mormon passages in which the gospel or doctrine of Jesus Christ is defined. Each of these passages presents the gospel as a six-point formula or message about what men must do if they will be saved. In the present article I go on to examine all other Book of Mormon references to the six elements in this formula. Faith is choosing to trust in Jesus Christ in all that one does. Repentance is turning away from the life of sin by making a covenant to obey the Lord and remember him always. Baptism in water is the public witnessing to the Father of that covenant. The baptism of fire and of the Holy Ghost is a gift sent from the Father in fulfillment of his promise to all his children that if they will repent and be baptized, they will be filled with the Holy Ghost. It brings the remission of sins with its cleansing fires. The recipient of these great blessings must yet endure to the end in faith, hope, and charity.
Lagoon
Authors: DUERKSEN MARK 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Lagos’s urban landscapes underwent profound changes in the years around Nigeria’s 1960 independence as the city expanded and officials embarked on plans to raze established neighborhoods to construct a modern skyline. This article examines these landscapes and the people and histories they were designed to hold and privilege across decolonization. Through a reading of historical images alongside the writings of architects and urban planners from the era, it argues that the devaluation of history was central to the Tropical Modernist architectural ideologies driving these planning interventions. The forward-looking visions behind the work of Maxwell Fry, Jane Drew, and other modernists were convenient for the British Colonial Office, allowing it to contort a century of imperial neglect and marginalization of places like Lagos Island into the justification for continued and expanded rule as it promised to edify the undeveloped African sections of the city into modern urban spaces. Skylines replaced skin tone as the acceptable markers of progress as architects helped the colonial state reinvent its rationale in the face of independence demands. The article suggests that records of changing urban landscapes offer an archive for insights into the historical production and reproduction of knowledge across independence in Nigeria and elsewhere, and the role that planners, politics, and housing played in the elevation of an image of “rural” Africa.
The Roots of “Apes Obey!”
Authors: ODUNTAN OLUWATOYIN 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In general, many accounts of labor Other African workers against industrialization, scientific discoveries, and technology reduce them to immutable categories of farmers, laborers, proletariat, craftsmen, diggers, etc. The history of railway construction in Nigeria has been typically rendered without due recognition for the roles of native workers except as laborers—as tools of colonial infrastructure and as resistors of it. The lopsidedness of the archives and historical methodology silence the adaptations, innovations, and professionalism of indigenous workers. This article revisits conventional accounts of the construction of the Lagos railways and the Niger Bridge (1907–16) by pointing attention to indigenous workers who, despite their contributions and the reliance of the railways on them, were never designated as professional by the colonial public service, and whose records may not be found in the colonial archive. By demonstrating the incompleteness of contemporary engineering and the shared adaptions of innovation, it recovers a more complete scope of the history of labor in railway construction.
Generelt om vann og juss
Authors: Rogstad Anne 
Published: November 2022

The fundamental significance of water makes knowledge regarding water and regulations pertaining to water important in several areas of society. Water is important for people, companies, and administrative authorities. Understanding water and its regulation is important for dealing with current and future challenges in terms of societal development and climate change in the best possible way, and has implications for political objectives related to employment, business, nature conservation, social security, climate risk, biological diversity and more. It is also important viz a viz political challenges relating to societal development, including population growth, densification, housing construction, urbanization, urban development, towns and districts, business development, energy supply, and social security. Additionally, knowledge about water is important for future political maneuvering room, partly because the costs of securing water services and preventing water damage are high. Appropriate distribution of the financial costs associated with ensuring a secure water supply and water management should be a relevant question.
This introductory chapter discusses thematic areas related to use and management of water, protection of watercourses and knowledge sharing. In addition, the chapter discusses significant regulations regarding water and the division of respon-sibilities, tasks, and authority between different levels of administrative authorities. Finally, the chapter describes the role of the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate.
RESPONS BAWANG DAUN (Allium fistulosum L.) AKIBAT PEMBERIANPUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DAUN LAMTORO (Leucaena leucocephala) BERBAGAI DOSIS YANG DIAPLIKASIKAN PADA BERBAGAI WAKTU
Authors: Dewi Wulan Kusuma , Isnaini Soni , Khasbullah Fizzaria , Yatmin Yatmin , Syafiuddin Syafiuddin 
Published: November 2022

Daun lamtoro (Leucaenaleucocephala) mengandung unsur hara N, P, dan K untuk menambah unsur hara pada tanaman.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pemupukan organik cair (POC) daun lamtoro yang diaplikasikan pada berbagai waktu berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang daun (Allium fistulosum L.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di KebunPercobaan 2 STIPER Dharma Wacana Metro di Jalan Wana Bakti 3, KelurahanMargerejo, Kecamatan Metro Selatan,Kota Metro. Pelaksaan penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November 2021 – Januari 2022. Rancangan penelitian ini disusun secara faktor tunggal menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Teracak Lengkap (RKTL) terdiri atas POC daun lamtoro 150, 300, dan 450 mL polybag-1 yang diaplikasikan dengan interval waktu pemberian masing-masing 5 hari sekali, 7 hari sekali,dan 9 hari sekali. Masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 (tiga) kali, data yang diperoleh diuji dengan analisis ragam yang sebelumnya telah diuji homogenitasnya dengan uji Bartlet dan ketidakaditifan diuji dengan uji Tuckey dan dilanjutkan dengan perbandingan orthogonal kontras, semua pengujian dilakukan pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian POC daun lamtoro tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap semua peubah, yaitu: tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah anakan, hasil tanaman per polybag, laju pertumbuhan relatif, laju asimilasi bersih, kecuali pada nisbah luas daun melalui uji ortogonal yang diberikan pada dosis 150 mL polybag-1 dengan interval waktu 7 hari sekali lebih tinggi 25,59% daripada pengaplikasian dosis 300 dan 450 mL polybag-1.
STUDI POTENSI JAMUR Cordyceps militaris L. SEBAGAI AGENSIA HAYATI HAMA ULAT API (Setothosea asigna E.) DI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT IN VITRO
Authors: Wibowo Lestari , Hariri Agus M , Fitriana Yuyun , Dirmawati Suskandini R 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi jamur Cordyceps militaris sebagai agensia hayati hama ulat api (Setothosea asigna). Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua kegiatan yaitu survei dan percobaan di laboratorium. Kegiatan survei dilakukan di 5 perkebunan kelapa sawit di Provinsi Lampung bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi jamur C. militaris sebagai agensia hayati hama ulat api di lapang. Kegiatan percobaan di laboratorium bertujuan untuk mengetahui patogenisitas C. militaris terhadap larva ulat api di laboratorium. Dari hasil survei dapat diketahui bahwa C. militaris ditemukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit milik PT Nakau, PT Palm Lampung Persada, PTPN VII Unit Rejosari dan Unit Bekri, dan PT Bumi Madu Mandiri. Persentase pupa ulat api yang terinfeksi C. militaris di lapang berkisar antara 7,25% hingga 11%. Hasil percobaan di laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa C. militaris mampu menginfeksi 100% larva ulat api.
APLIKASI BIOCHAR DAN PUPUK P TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN DAN SERAPAN P PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays Saccharata Sturt.) DI TANAH ULTISOL
Authors: Putriani Sonya Soraya , Yusnaini Sri , Septiana Liska Mutiara , Dermiyati Dermiyati 
Published: November 2022

Jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata sturt.) merupakan komoditi yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam bidang pangan sehingga produksinya perlu ditingkatkan, namun peningkatan produksi terkendala karena sebagian besar lahan penanaman jagung manis merupakan tanah ultisol. Tanah ultisol merupakan tanah masam yang miskin unsur hara, sehingga untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanah ultisol perlu dilakukan rehabilitasi tanah dan pemupukan. Rehabilitasi tanah dengan memanfaatkan biochar diharapkan dapat memperbaiki kualitas tanah sehingga pemupukan yang dilakukan dapat lebih efisien dan efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemberian berbagai jenis biochar dan pemupukan P serta interksinya terhadap ketersediaan dan serapan P pada tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Badan Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Natar dari bulan Januari-Juni 2021 serta analisis tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah pemberian berbagai jenis biochar (B) terdiri dari (B0) Tanpa biochar, (B1) Biochar sekam padi, (B2) Biochar tongkol jagung dan (B3) Biochar batang singkong dan faktor kedua adalah pemupukan fosfat (P) yaitu (P0) Tanpa pupuk P dan (P1) Dengan pupuk P. Data dianalisis statistik menggunakan analisis ragam yang sebelumnya telah diuji homogenistas ragamnya dengan uji Bartlet dan aditivitasnya dengan uji Tukey serta Uji BNT pada taraf nyata 5% dan 1% untuk melihat perbedaan nilai tengah perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi biochar tongkol jagung mampu meningkatkan ketersediaan P dalam tanah. Pemupukan P mampu meningkatkan ketersediaan P, serapan P berangkasan dan akar, bobot kering berangkasan dan akar, pH tanah, tinggi dan produksi tanaman. Interaksi pemberian biochar tongkol jagung dan pemupukan P mampu meningkatkan serapan P pada akar tanaman jagung manis. Terdapat korelasi positif antara pH dengan P-tersedia, serapan P, bobot kering, tinggi dan produksi tanaman, juga terdapat korelasi positif antara C-Organik dengan P-Tersedia, serapan P dengan bobot kering brangkasan, serta serapan P akar dengan bobot kering akar dan produksi jagung manis.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN SETEK BATANG HIJAU Indigofera sp. TERHADAP APLIKASI ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH
Authors: Ardian Ardian , Kurnia Ima , Yuliadi Erwin , Sugiatno Sugiatno , Setiawan Kukuh , Hadi M. Syamsoel , Yelli Fitri 
Published: November 2022

Indigofera sp. merupakan salah satu tanaman leguminosa yang berpotensi sebagai bahan pakan ternak, karena memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi dan serat kasar yang relatif rendah. Perbanyakan tanaman menggunakan biji sulit dilakukan karena struktur bijinya keras dan memiliki masa dormansi. Perbanyakan Indigofera sp secara vegetatif dengan teknik setek batang hijau dengan zat pengatur tumbuh komersil yang dapat mudah diterapkan kepada masyarakat petani merupakan tujuan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial dengan faktor pertamanya adalah jumlah mata tunas: stek dengan 1, 2 dan 3 mata tunas. Faktor keduanya adalah perlakuan zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT): tanpa zat pengatur tumbuh (R-0), Rootone-F (R-F), dan Root-Up (R-U). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah mata tunas yang terbaik adalah setek 3 mata tunas karena menghasilkan persentase hidup setek 100% dengan nilai tertinggi untuk peubah jumlah daun, jumlah anak daun, panjang tunas, jumlah akar, bobot segar tunas, dan bobot kering tunas yang lebih besar dibandingkan setek 2 dan 1 mata tunas. Penambahan Root-Up menghasilkan jumlah akar terbanyak dibandingkan dengan penambahan Rootone-F dan tanpa zpt. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara jumlah mata tunas dengan perlakuan zat pengatur tumbuh terhadap pertumbuhan setek Indigofera sp.
THE AVAILABILITY ANALYSIS OF 21ST CENTURY SKILL INDICATORS ON PHYSICS WORKSHEET OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL GRADE X SEMESTER 1 IN PASAMAN DISTRICTS
Authors: Diana Putri , Isriyah Umi , Dewi Wahyuni Satria , Akmam Akmam , Sari Silvi Yulia 
Published: November 2022

Worksheets that can help students develop 21st century skills are worksheets that contain indicators of 21st century skills. Based on the results of preliminary observations made in the field, the student worksheets used by schools in Pasaman District still vary. It is not known whether these various worksheets include indicators of 21st century skills. Therefore, a study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the 21st century skill indicator in physics worksheets grade X Semester 1 in Pasaman District.This type of research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The population in this study were all Physics Worksheets grade X Semester 1 used by 12 public Senior High School in Pasaman Districts. Furthermore, for the school sampling technique using purposive sampling technique with schools selected by high category schools, medium category schools and low category schools based on the results of the 2019 National Examination of the total high school population in Pasaman Regency. Meanwhile, the sample of student worksheets in this study used a total sampling technique. The sample of worksheet in this study were 2 worksheet published by publishers which were used the most by schools in Pasaman district, and 3 worksheet made by physics subject teachers. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that the 21st century skill indicator with the highest 37% is in the LKS Intan Pariwara by Risdiyani Chasanah and friends. Meanwhile, and friends with a proportion of 12% in the category of not facilitating.
PRACTICALITY E-MODULE OF VIBRATION IN EVERYDAY LIFE ON ONLINE LEARNING TO IMPROVE SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS OF GRADE X HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Fahlevi Aditya , Asrizal - , Gusnedi - , Hidayati - 
Published: November 2022

The development of 21st century skills can be done through the discipline of physics. Physics learning in schools has a central role in providing learners with 21st century skills. One of the lessons that can develop students' skills and stimulate students to be active and creative is learning with a science process skills approach. The learning process involves more students acting more actively, as well as managing findings derived from aspects of skills. From the initial studies conducted it was found that students' science process skills in online learning to have a variety of problems. One alternative to problem solving is to develop electronic modules (e-modules) to improve students' process skills. The methodology used in this research is Research and Development (R&D). The model used is the R&D research model according to Sugiyono in 2012. The object of this research is the e-module vibration in everyday life in online learning. The data collection instrument used was a practicality questionnaire. The practicality test instrument consists of four components, it is usability, ease of use, attractiveness, and clarity. The results of the practicality assessment were analyzed based on the interpretation criteria of the scores obtained. Based on the research objectives and data analysis carried out, it was obtained the average value of e-module practicality which was developed according to the teacher, which was 94.5 in the very good category and the average value of e-module practicality according to the students got a value of 90.5 in very good category.