bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Air ambulance outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest seen in the pandemic
Authors: Hodkinson Mark 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 was declared a global health pandemic in March 2020, and national lockdowns were imposed in an attempt to limit the spread of the virus. Several studies have reported significant increases in the number of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) attendances coupled with a reduction in return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). This is the first study to report the characteristics and outcomes from OHCA in a UK air ambulance setting. Methods: A retrospective database review of adult OHCA with a medical cause attended by Thames Valley Air Ambulance was undertaken covering two time periods: 1 February 2019 to 31 January 2020; and 1 February 2020 to 31 January 2021. Cases during the pandemic period were screened for COVID-19 symptoms. Descriptive statistics were used to establish the characteristics of COVID-19. The primary outcome of the study was ROSC on arrival at hospital. Results: An overall rise of 6.6% in OHCA was noted between the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods, with a prevalence of COVID-19 of 6.0%. There was a significant increase in termination of resuscitation at scene (42.6% to 54.8%; P<0.001). Overall, ROSC at hospital decreased (37.7% versus 31.1%). Conclusion: This study highlights the impact and implications of a global pandemic on OHCA and an air ambulance system. Poorer overall outcomes were observed during the pandemic period. Further exploration of the effects of COVID-19 on OHCA and air ambulance systems is required.
The Forgotten Joint Score patient-acceptable symptom state following primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Singh Vivek , Bieganowski Thomas , Huang Shengnan , Karia Raj , Davidovitch Roy I. , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: April 2022

Aims The Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12) is a validated patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) tool designed to assess artificial prosthesis awareness during daily activities following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS) is the minimum cut-off value that corresponds to a patient’s satisfactory state-of-health. Despite the validity and reliability of the FJS-12 having been previously demonstrated, the PASS has yet to be clearly defined. This study aims to define the PASS of the FJS-12 following primary THA. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent primary elective THA from 2019 to 2020, and answered both the FJS-12 and the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Joint Replacement (HOOS, JR) questionnaires one-year postoperatively. HOOS, JR score was used as the anchor to estimate the PASS of FJS-12. Two statistical methods were employed: the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve point, which maximized the Youden index; and 75th percentile of the cumulative percentage curve of patients who had the HOOS, JR score difference larger than the cut-off value. Results This study included 780 patients. The mean one-year FJS-12 score was 65.42 (SD 28.59). The mean one-year HOOS, JR score was 82.70 (SD 16.57). A high positive correlation between FJS-12 and HOOS, JR was found (r = 0.74; p<0.001), making the HOOS, JR a valid external anchor. The threshold score of the FJS-12 that maximized the sensitivity and specificity for detecting a PASS was 66.68 (area under the curve = 0.8). The cut-off score value computed with the 75th percentile approach was 92.20. Conclusion The PASS threshold for the FJS-12 at one year following primary THA was 66.68 and 92.20 using the ROC curve and 75th percentile approaches, respectively. These values can be used to achieve consensus about meaningful postoperative improvement to maximize the utility of the FJS-12 to evaluate and counsel patients undergoing THA. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(4):307–313.
Neuroeducación y sus alcances socio-afectivos al quehacer docente
Authors: Valdés Villalobos Belén 
Published: April 2022

Durante años se ha vinculado lo cognitivo a la razón y el cerebro, imponiendo lo racional como superior a lo emocional. En este sentido, la neuroeducación y su investigación, ha podido evidenciar que las emociones son la esencia de la educación, generando una nueva mentalización y alfabetización acerca del conocimiento del cerebro y los procesos que confluyen durante la enseñanza y el aprendizaje.
En este sentido, cuando hablamos de neuroeducación no podemos dejar de hablar de emociones, debido que para influir en los demás es importante comprender las mentes de las personas a las que se quiere influir, más que los contenidos mediante los que se pretende influir, siendo el eje central la energía del cerebro emotivo.
Vinculando desde la neuroeducación las emociones con la interacción social, mediante el impacto que genera el desarrollo de un ambiente significativo y emocional como afianzador del aprendizaje. A través, de los procesos que caracterizan las relaciones actitudinales e interpersonales de los seres humanos, presentando desde la ciencia las neuronas espejos, y su función de adaptación social, además de fomentar la competencia de entender y percibir sentimientos y emociones.
En honor a lo expuesto el presente artículo, fue realizado desde un análisis bibliográfico que busca señalar los aportes que la neuroeducación entrega a la práctica docente develando la importancia de conocer cómo educar social y afectivamente.
Trabajo de Fin de Grado y el desarrollo de la competencia investigadora de los futuros maestros de Educación Infantil y Primaria
Authors: Palou-Julian Berta , Gros-Salvat Begoña , Mercader-Tresserras Jennifer 
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN. El presente trabajo es fruto de un proyecto de investigación orientado a desarrollar la competencia investigadora en los estudiantes del Grado de Maestro de Educación Infantil y Primaria de la Universidad de Barcelona. La contribución se centra en el análisis de la percepción del alumnado respecto al nivel de adquisición de la competencia de investigación durante los estudios y después de la realización del trabajo final de grado (TFG).

MÉTODO. Se realiza un estudio descriptivo por encuesta a partir de un cuestionario sobre un conjunto de ocho dimensiones específicas relacionadas con la competencia de investigación antes (n = 146) y después (n = 121) de realizar el TFG.

RESULTADOS. Los resultados muestran que el estudiantado percibe tener escasas competencias de investigación a pesar de que los planes de estudio incorporan este tipo de competencias. Los resultados mejoran en algunos aspectos después de realizar el TFG entre los que destacan la capacidad de formular los objetivos de una investigación y elaborar la fundamentación teórica.

DISCUSIÓN. Los resultados aconsejan repensar las metodologías de formación de los futuros maestros de educación infantil y primaria. Parece necesario replantear la extensión del TFG, así como la formación previa necesaria para mejorar la capacidad investigadora.
Microgeopolítica de las fronteras: el discurso político e infrapolítico de los marcadores físicos de la raya/raia hispano-portuguesa
Authors: Cairo Heriberto , Simões Dulce , González Sergio 
Published: April 2022

La demarcación de la frontera es una parte fundamental de la puesta en pie de la misma, pero ha sido muy escasamente estudiada. Apenas hay trabajos sobre la cuestión, y en la mayor parte de los trabajos sobre fronteras se resuelve con una breve alusión a los marcos o los mojones de los que constan. La demarcación suele interpretarse que constituye verdaderamente el punto final de la fijación de la frontera, y tiene un efecto directo sobre el “paisaje fronterizo” (borderscape). Pero la demarcación es un proceso en el que los Estados a menudo encuentran resistencias de las poblaciones locales, que muestran el grado de su acuerdo o rechazo al trazado de la frontera. Abordaremos este estudio en el caso de la frontera hispano-portuguesa, la raya/raia, desde el amojonamiento hasta el mantenimiento, a escala local y estatal.
Opioid prescribing in out-of-hours primary care in Flanders and the Netherlands: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Hek Karin , Boogaerts Tim , Verheij Robert A. , De Loof Hans , van Dijk Liset , van Nuijs Alexander L. N. , Meijer Willemijn M. , Philips Hilde 
Published: April 2022

Background
Increased opioid prescribing has raised concern, as the benefits of pain relief not always outweigh the risks. Acute and chronic pain is often treated in a primary care out-of-hours (OOH) setting. This setting may be a driver of opioid use but the extent to which opioids are prescribed OOH is unknown. We aimed to investigate weak and strong opioid prescribing at OOH primary care services (PCS) in Flanders (Northern, Dutch-speaking part of Belgium) and the Netherlands between 2015 and 2019.

Methods
We performed a retrospective cross sectional study using data from routine electronic health records of OOH-PCSs in Flanders and the Netherlands (2015–2019). Our primary outcome was the opioid prescribing rate per 1000 OOH-contacts per year, in total and for strong (morphine, hydromorphone, oxycodone, oxycodone and naloxone, fentanyl, tapentadol, and buprenorphine and weak opioids (codeine combinations and tramadol and combinations) and type of opioids separately.

Results
Opioids were prescriped in approximately 2.5% of OOH-contacts in both Flanders and the Netherlands. In Flanders, OOH opioid prescribing went from 2.4% in 2015 to 2.1% in 2017 and then increased to 2.3% in 2019. In the Netherlands, opioid prescribing increased from 1.9% of OOH-contacts in 2015 to 2.4% in 2017 and slightly decreased thereafter to 2.1% of OOH-contacts. In 2019, in Flanders, strong opioids were prescribed in 8% of the OOH-contacts with an opioid prescription. In the Netherlands a strong opioid was prescribed in 57% of these OOH-contacts. Two thirds of strong opioids prescriptions in Flanders OOH were issued for patients over 75, in the Netherlands one third was prescribed to this age group.

Conclusion
We observed large differences in strong opioid prescribing at OOH-PCSs between Flanders and the Netherlands that are likely to be caused by differences in accessibility of secondary care, and possibly existing opioid prescribing habits. Measures to ensure judicious and evidence-based opioid prescribing need to be tailored to the organisation of the healthcare system.
Prevalence and factors associated with acute respiratory infection among under-five children in selected tertiary hospitals of Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Ghimire Pratima , Gachhadar Rashmi , Piya Nebina , Shrestha Kunja , Shrestha Kalpana 
Published: April 2022

Background
Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is responsible for about 30–50 percent of visits to health facilities and for about 20–30 percent of admissions to hospitals in Nepal for children under 5 years old. Incidence of ARI in children among under-five years of age is 344 per 1000 in Nepal. Hence, the study aims to find out the prevalence and factors associated with acute respiratory infection among under-five children.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital and International Friendship Children’s Hospital (IFCH) in Kathmandu among children of age 2–59 months attending Pediatric OPD. A total of 286 children were selected using the non-probability (convenient) sampling technique. Data were collected using pre-tested semi-structured tool through interview schedule, and descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were used.

Results
Out of 286 children, more than half of children (60.8%) had Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). Nearly one-fifth of the children had severe or very severe pneumonia. Acute respiratory infection was significantly associated with religion followed by the family (p = 0.009, OR = 4.59 CI = 1.47–14.36), presence of the child in the kitchen while cooking (p = 0.001, OR = 2.03 CI = 1.17–3.51), and presence of respiratory tract infection in family (p = <0.001 OR = 2.83 CI = 1.59–5.05).

Conclusion
The study concluded that male children are more susceptible to acute respiratory infection than female children. Parents and family members should be aware of the prevention of acute respiratory infection by addressing and minimizing the factors contributing to ARI.
Cues to improve antibiotic-allergy registration: A mixed-method study
Authors: Sijbom Martijn , Braun Karolina K. , Büchner Frederike L. , van Bodegom-Vos Leti , Hendriks Bart J. C. , de Boer Mark G. J. , Numans Mattijs E. , Lambregts Merel M. C. 
Published: April 2022

Background
Approximately 2% of patients in primary care practice and up to 25% of hospital patients are registered as being allergic to an antibiotic. However, up to 90% of these registrations are incorrect, leading to unnecessary prescription of 2nd choice antibiotics with the attendant loss of efficacy, increased toxicity and antibiotic resistance. To improve registration, a better understanding is needed of how incorrect labels are attributed.

Objective
To investigate the quality of antibiotic allergy registration in primary care and identify determinants to improve registration of antibiotic allergies.

Design
Registration of antibiotic allergies in primary care practices were analysed for 1) completeness and 2) correctness. To identify determinants for improvement, semi-structured interviews with healthcare providers from four healthcare domains were conducted.

Participants
A total of 300 antibiotic allergy registrations were analysed for completeness and correctness. Thirty-four healthcare providers were interviewed.

Main measures
A registration was defined as complete when it included a description of all symptoms, time to onset of symptoms and the duration of symptoms. It was defined as correct when the conclusion was concordant with the Salden criteria. Determinants of correct antibiotic allergy registrations were divided into facilitators or obstructers.

Key results
Rates of completeness and correctness of registrations were 0% and 29.3%, respectively. The main perceived barriers for correct antibiotic allergy registration were insufficient knowledge, lack of priority, limitations of registration features in electronic medical records (EMR), fear of medical liability and patients interpreting side-effects as allergies.

Conclusions
The quality of antibiotic allergy registrations can be improved. Potential interventions include raising awareness of the consequences of incomplete and the importance of correct registrations, by continued education, and above all simplifying registration in an EMR by adequate ICT support.
Caregivers’ experience of seeking care for adolescents with sickle cell disease in a tertiary care hospital in Bahrain
Authors: Al Saif Khadija , Abdulla Fatema Mohamed , Alrahim Anwaar , Abduljawad Sara , Matrook Zainab , Abdulla Jenan Jaafar , Bughamar Fatima , Alasfoor Fatema , Taqi Rana , Almarzooq Amna , Ahmed Jamil 
Published: April 2022

Objective
This study aimed to determine caregivers’ perspectives on difficulties encountered while seeking care for adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD). It explored the social, emotional, and financial impact of caring for an adolescent with SCD on their caregivers.

Study design
A mixed-method study in a major tertiary care hospital in Bahrain was conducted between June and August 2019. Cross-sectional questionnaires and thematic analyzed interviews were performed with 101 and 18 Bahraini caregivers of adolescents with SCD (aged 10–18 years), respectively.

Results
Lack of parking lots (52.5%) and traffic jams (27%) were identified as the most common challenges in seeking hospital care for adolescents with SCD. These difficulties, including prolonged waiting in the emergency room, discouraged more than half of the caregivers who preferred to seek care from smaller healthcare centers. Most caregivers reported receiving a high degree of support from their families, who emotionally encouraged them to facilitate patient care (73.3%). Therefore, their relationships with their friends, colleagues, and relatives were not significantly affected. Catastrophic health expenditure occurred in 14.8% of caregivers. Qualitative themes that emerged were A) the intricacy of caring for adolescents with SCD, B) dissatisfaction with hospital facilities, and C) insufficient healthcare services, wherein caregivers reported adolescents’ experiences with services during hospital visits. Subthemes for the intricacy of caring for adolescents with SCD were 1) the psychological tragedy, summarizing the initial caregivers’ feelings after the confirmed diagnosis, 2) caregiving hardships that described the caregivers’ emotional and health burden while accepting and adjusting to the disease, and 3) the cost of care on families, which highlights the financial burden of the disease on families.

Conclusion
The caregivers of adolescents with SCD experienced several overwhelming challenges, including problems in accessing healthcare and receiving medical services, in addition to influences on the emotional, financial, and social aspects of their lives.
Clinicopathological findings of FeLV- positive cats at a secondary referral center in Florida, USA (2008–2019)
Authors: Pare Amelie , Ellis Alexandre , Juette Tristan 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe the seroprevalence, presenting complaint, clinicopathological changes, co-morbidities and outcomes of feline leukemia virus positive cats presented to a specialty referral center in Florida, USA.MethodsIn this retrospective study, medical records of 8050 cats presented to a private referral center from August 2008 to September 2019 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria required was a positive result for feline leukemia virus by point-of-care antigen testing or immunofluorescence assay.ResultsForty-one cases met the inclusion criteria. Of 2002 cats that were tested, 41 cats (2%) met the inclusion criteria. One cat had a negative point of care antigen test result and positive bone marrow IFA result. The mean age at diagnosis was 9 years. The main reasons for presentation were abnormal complete blood cell count results (35%), followed by pleural effusion (18%), and anorexia (15%). The most common laboratory abnormalities included anaemia (71%), of which 74% had a nonregenerative anemia, thrombocytopenia (52%), elevated aspartate aminotransferase (50%), hyperbilirubinemia (35%), and hypokalemia (35%). Seven percent of cats (3/41) were also positive for feline immunodeficiency virus. The most common diagnoses were neoplasia (76%) and bone marrow disorders (12%). Cats with neoplasia were significantly younger. Survival to discharge was 88%.Conclusion and relevanceResults of this study show that feline leukemia virus is uncommon in secondary referral center, even if this represents a population of unhealthy cats. The most common associated diagnosis was neoplasia, which was more likely to be seen in younger cats (< 4 years of age). The mean age of cats positive for feline leukemia virus was also older than previously published data. These findings support the current guidelines which indicate that cats presented with clinical illness should be tested for FeLV at the time of presentation.
Predictors of health facility childbirth among unmarried and married youth in Uganda
Authors: Agaba Peninah , Magadi Monica , Orton Bev 
Published: April 2022

Background
Uganda has a high maternal mortality rate combined with poor use of health facilities at childbirth among youth. Improved use of maternal health services by the youth would help reduce maternal deaths in the country. Predictors of use of health facilities at childbirth among unmarried compared to married youth aged 15–24 years in Uganda between 2006 and 2016 are examined.

Methodology
Binary logistic regression was conducted on the pooled data of the 2006, 2011 and 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Surveys among youth who had given birth within five years before each survey. This analysis was among a sample of 764 unmarried, compared to 5,176 married youth aged 15–24 years.

Results
Overall, unmarried youth were more likely to have a childbirth within the health facilities (79.3%) compared to married youth (67.6%). Higher odds of use of health facilities at childbirth were observed among youth with at least secondary education (OR = 2.915, 95%CI = 1.747–4.865 for unmarried vs OR = 1.633, 95%CI = 1.348–1.979 for married) and frequent antenatal care of at least four visits (OR = 1.758, 95%CI = 1.153–2.681 for unmarried vs OR = 1.792, 95%CI = 1.573–2.042 for married). Results further showed that youth with parity two or more, those that resided in rural areas and those who were engaged in agriculture had reduced odds of the use of health facilities at childbirth. In addition, among married youth, the odds of using health facilities at childbirth were higher among those with at least middle wealth index, and those with frequent access to the newspapers (OR = 1.699, 95%CI = 1.162–2.486), radio (OR = 1.290, 95%CI = 1.091–1.525) and television (OR = 1.568, 95%CI = 1.149–2.138) compared to those with no access to each of the media, yet these were not significant among unmarried youth.

Conclusion and recommendations
Frequent use of antenatal care and higher education attainment were associated with increased chances of use of health facilities while higher parity, rural residence and being employed in the agriculture sector were negatively associated with use of health facilities at childbirth among both unmarried and married youth. To enhance use of health facilities among youth, there is a need to encourage frequent antenatal care use, especially for higher parity births and for rural residents, and design policies that will improve access to mass media, youth’s education level and their economic status.
Rethinking the *-s suffix in Old Chinese: with new evidence from Situ Rgyalrong
Authors: Zhang Shuya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper re-examines previous hypotheses claiming the primacy of a perfect(ive) value in certain qusheng (*-s) derivations (in particular nominalization) in Old Chinese. First, it revisits examples previously cited as having been derived from the perfect(ive), and proposes to re-classify them as resulting from three different derivational processes, nominalization, verb argument demotion, and adverbialization. Second, it focuses on Sino-Tibetan comparative data, in particular from Situ Rgyalrong, a language with severe isomorphism across four -s suffixes. Then, on the basis of morphological (especially stem changes) and syntactic criteria, it sorts out the relationship between the different -s suffixes in Situ, while suggesting multiple sources to account for the diverse functions of qusheng (*-s) in Old Chinese.