bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appraisal of hydro-ecology, geomorphology, and sediment behavior during low and high floods in the Lower Indus River Estuary
Authors: Boota Muhammad Waseem , Yan Chaode , Soomro Shan-e-hyder , Li Ziwei , Zohaib Muhammad , Ijaz Muhammad Wajid , Yousaf Ayesha , Zafar Muhammad Awais 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe riverine ecosystem is reliant on freshwater; however, morphological changes and sediment load destabilize the natural river system which deteriorates the ecology and geomorphology of the river ecosystem. The Lower Indus River Estuary (LIRE) geomorphological response was synthesized using satellite imagery (1986–2020) and evaluated against the field measurements. The estuary sinuosity index has an increasing trend from 1.84 (1986) to 1.92 (2020) and the estuary water area is increased from 101.41 km2 (1986) to 110.24 km2 (2020). The sediment load investigation at Kotri barrage indicated that the median size of bed material samples during the low-flow period falls between 0.100 and 0.203 mm and the bed material after the high flow has clay and silt (&lt;0.0623 mm) ranging from 17–95% of the total weight of samples. The vegetated land loss on the banks is positively correlated with the peak runoff at Kotri barrage (r2=0.92). The bank erosion was computed with high precision (r2=0.84) based on an improved connection of the coefficient of erodibility and excess shear stress technique. This study will be helpful for policymakers to estimate the ecological health of LIRE, and sediment fluxes play an essential role in the mega-delta system and coastal management.
Antibacterial effect of TiO2 modified with poly-amidoamine dendrimer – G3 on S. aureus and E. coli in aqueous solutions
Authors: Matboo Soudabeh Alizadeh , Nazari Shahram , Niapour Ali , Niri Mehdi Vosoughi , Asgari Esrafil , Mokhtari Seyyed Ahmad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study investigated bacterial removal using TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) modified with poly-amidoamine dendrimer macromolecule (PAMAM, G3). The PAMAM G3/TiO2 (nanohybrid) was used to specify antibacterial properties via broth microdilution (MBC-Minimum Bactericidal Concentration and MIC-Minimum Inhibitory Concentration-determination), paper disc diffusion, and surface plate count methods. The nanohybrid was characterized via the different techniques. The effects of different factors including initial bacteria count, run time, solution pH, and the nanohybrid concentration were studied. The nanohybrid cytotoxicity was studied on AGS and MKN45 cells line by MTT assay. It was revealed that the nanohybrid was effective in intercepting both bacterial strains growth. The MIC value for S. aureus and E. coli were determined to be 4 and 2 μg/mL, respectively. The MBC value for both strains were calculated to be 32 μg/mL. The results showed removal efficiency of 100% for S. aureus and E. coli bacteria in optimum situation. The decrease in cell viability in the dosage of 32 μg/mL after 72 h treatment for AGS and MKN45 cells line were shown to be 6.2 and 4.6%, respectively. The nanohybrid was able to decrease the S. aureus and E. coli count in solution, which meets the drinking water criterions aligned with WHO guidelines.
Reakcje fizjologiczne i behawioralno-poznawcze dzieci w młodszym wieku szkolnym w sytuacjach stresowych
Authors: Cywińska Małgorzata 
Published: January 2022

Stres i związane z nim negatywne emocje wywołują określone reakcje fizjologiczne i behawioralno-poznawcze u jednostek, rzutujące na ich funkcjonowanie w różnych obszarach życia. W artykule - na podstawie badań własnych analiza tychże reakcji została odniesiona do dzieci w młodszym wieku szkolnym: uczniów trzecich klas szkoły podstawowej, ich matek oraz nauczycieli i wkomponowana w kontekst środowiska rodzinnego, szkolnego i rówieśniczego wspomnianych dzieci.
Ciało ludzkie a organizm zwierzęcia: ujęcie Hansa-Eduarda Hengstenberga
Authors: Kożuchowski Józef 
Published: January 2022

W artykule zaprezentowano jeden z istotnych aspektów wizji cielesności zarysowanej oryginalnie w wielu odsłonach przez Hansa-Eduarda Hengstenberga, a mianowicie jej relacji do organizmu zwierzęcego. Wbrew aktualnie dominującej naturalistycznej tendencji niemiecki myśliciel ukazuje ciało człowieka jako jakościowo odmienne w stosunku do organizmu zwierzęcego, a nie tylko różniące się od niego pod względem ilościowym. Scharakteryzowano najpierw zasadę rzeczowości, która współdeterminuje ludzkie ciało i jego organy, sprawiając, że jest ono ze swej istoty zasadniczo inne niż zwierzęce. Człowiek ma ciało, a zwierzę jest tylko organizmem. Ciało to za sprawą uzdolnienia człowieka do aktów o charakterze rzeczowym (wyspecjalizowania w nich), zapodmiotowanych w duchu ludzkim, spełnia dwojakie funkcje: typowo biologiczne (właściwe dla świata zwierzęcego), a także o charakterze nieorganicznym. Cielesność ludzką należy więc rozpatrywać w sensie fizycznym oraz jako wyraz ducha. Swoje analizy na ten temat Hengstenberg rozwijał z pozycji fenomenologiczno-metafizycznych.
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Zgłoszono: 14/07/2021. Zrecenzowano: 22/09/2021. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 12/11/2021.
In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches for Screening the Potential of Anticancer
Agents: A Review
Authors: Mishra Rakhi , Mishra Prem Shankar , Varshney Shruti , Mazumder Rupa , Mazumder Avijit 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Anticancer drug development is a tedious process, requiring several in
vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. In order to avoid chemical toxicity in animals during an experiment,
it is necessary to envisage toxic doses of screened drugs in vivo at different concentrations.
Several in vitro and in vivo studies have been reported to discover the management of cancer.

Materials and Methods:
This study focused on bringing together a wide range of in vivo and in
vitro assay methods developed to evaluate each hallmark feature of cancer.

Result:
This review provides detailed information on target-based and cell-based screening of new
anticancer drugs in the molecular targeting period. This would help in inciting an alteration from
the preclinical screening of pragmatic compound-orientated to target-orientated drug selection.

Conclusion:
Selection methodologies for finding anticancer activity have importance for tumor-
specific agents. In this study, advanced rationalization of the cell-based assay is explored
along with broad applications of the cell-based methodologies considering other opportunities.
Repurposing FDA-approved Drugs Targeting SARS-CoV2 3CLpro: A
Study by Applying Virtual Screening, Molecular Dynamics, MM-PBSA
Calculations and Covalent Docking
Authors: Santos Nascimento Igor José dos , Aquino Thiago Mendonça de , Silva-Júnior Edeildo Ferreira da 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Since the end of 2019, the etiologic agent SAR-CoV-2 responsible for one of the
most significant epidemics in history has caused severe global economic, social, and health damages. The
drug repurposing approach and application of Structure-based Drug Discovery (SBDD) using in silico
techniques are increasingly frequent, leading to the identification of several molecules that may represent
promising potential.

Method:
In this context, here we use in silico methods of virtual screening (VS), pharmacophore modeling
(PM), and fragment-based drug design (FBDD), in addition to molecular dynamics (MD), molecular
mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM -PBSA) calculations, and covalent docking (CD) for the
identification of potential treatments against SARS-CoV-2. We initially validated the docking protocol
followed by VS in 1,613 FDA-approved drugs obtained from the ZINC database. Thus, we identified 15
top hits, of which three of them were selected for further simulations. In parallel, for the compounds with
a fit score value ≤ of 30, we performed the FBDD protocol, where we designed 12 compounds.

Result:
By applying a PM protocol in the ZINC database, we identified three promising drug candidates.
Then, the 9 top hits were evaluated in simulations of MD, MM-PBSA, and CD. Subsequently, MD
showed that all identified hits showed stability at the active site without significant changes in the protein's
structural integrity, as evidenced by the RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA graphics. They also showed interactions
with the catalytic dyad (His41 and Cys145) and other essential residues for activity (Glu166 and
Gln189) and high affinity for MM-PBSA, with possible covalent inhibition mechanism.

Conclution:
Finally, our protocol helped identify potential compounds wherein ZINC896717 (Zafirlukast),
ZINC1546066 (Erlotinib), and ZINC1554274 (Rilpivirine) were more promising and could be
explored in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials to prove their potential as antiviral agents.
Current Treatment Options for the Failing Fontan Circulation
Authors: Grotenhuis Heynric B. , Driesen Bart W. , Voskuil Michiel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
The Fontan operation was introduced in 1968. For congenital malformations, where
biventricular repair is unsuitable, the Fontan procedure has provided a long-term palliation strategy
with improved outcomes compared to the initially developed procedures. Despite these improvements,
several complications merely due to a failing Fontan circulation, including myocardial dysfunction,
arrhythmias, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, protein-losing enteropathy, hepatic
dysfunction, plastic bronchitis, and thrombo-embolism, may occur, thereby limiting the life-expectancy
in this patient cohort. This review provides an overview of the most common complications
of Fontan circulation and the currently available treatment options.
Pyrazole Containing Anti-HIV Agents: An Update
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Gupta Shiv , Rani Varsha , Sharma Priyanka 
Published: January 2022

Background:Pyrazole scaffolds have gained importance in drug discovery and development for various pharmacological activities like antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, antidepressant, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, etc. Additionally, the pyrazole moiety has shown potent anti-HIV activity as a core heterocycle or substituted heterocycles derivatives (mono, di, tri, tetra, and fused pyrazole derivatives). To assist the development of further potential anti-HIV agents containing pyrazole nucleus, here we have summarized pyrazole containing anti-HIV compounds that have been reported by researchers all over the world for the last two decades.Objective:Objective: The present review concentrates on an assortment of pyrazole containing compounds, particularly for potential therapeutic activity against HIV.Methods:Google Scholar, Pubmed, and SciFinder were searched databases with ‘‘pyrazol’’ keywords. Further, the year of publication and keywords ‘‘Anti-HIV’’ filter was applied to obtain relevant reported literature for anti-HIV agents containing pyrazole as a core or substituted derivatives.Results:This review article has shown the comprehensive compilation of 220 compounds containing pyrazole nucleus and possessing anti-HIV activity by sorting approximately 40 research articles from 2001 to date. 1-(4-Benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(4-fluoro-7-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin- 3-yl)ethane-1,2-dione (13), 3-(3-(2-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoacetyl)-4-fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridin-7-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (31), 3-(3-(2-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoacetyl)-4- fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (88), 3-cyanophenoxypyrazole derivative (130), and 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-methyl-5-((4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-3- phenyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]isoxazole (178) were the most potent mono-, di-, tri-, tetrasubstituted, and fused pyrazole derivatives, respectively, which have shown potent anti-HIV activity among all the described derivatives as compared with standard anti-HIV drugs.Conclusion:This review article provides an overview of the potential therapeutic activity of pyrazole derivatives against HIV that will be helpful for designing pyrazole containing compounds for anti-HIV activity.
Insomnia, Fatigue, and Depression: Theoretical and Clinical Implications of a Self-reinforcing Feedback Loop in Cancer
Authors: Palagini Laura , Miniati Mario , Riemann Dieter , Zerbinati Luigi 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Insomnia is emerging as a modifiable major risk factor for mental and physical problems, including cancer, and it may contribute to cancer-related fatigue and depression. Since both fatigue and depression may favor insomnia as well, we may hypothesize a self-reinforcing feedback loop among these factors in cancer.

Methods:
With the aim of discussing this hypothesis, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase electronic databases were searched for literature published according to the PRISMA method with several combinations of terms such as “insomnia” and “cancer” and “fatigue” and “depression”. On this basis, we conducted a narrative review about theoretical aspects of insomnia in the context of cancer and about its role in cancer-related fatigue and depression.

Results:
Twenty-one papers were selected according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. Insomnia is frequent in cancer, and it is associated with cancer-related comorbid conditions such as emotional distress, depressive symptoms, and cancer-related fatigue. The hyperactivation of stress and inflammatory systems, which sustain insomnia, may contribute to cancer-related depression and fatigue. A deleterious feedback loop may be created, and it may perpetuate not only insomnia but also these cancer-related comorbid conditions.

Conclusion:
Although the understanding of the causal relationship between insomnia/ depression/fatigue in individuals with cancer is limited, we may hypothesize that these symptoms can exacerbate and maintain each other. When insomnia is established in cancer, it may lead to a vicious cycle with fatigue and depression and may contribute to adverse cancer outcomes. Interventions targeting insomnia could provide a promising approach not only for insomnia but also for cancer-related symptoms among cancer patients.
Association between Type-D Personality and Affective (Anxiety, Depression, Post-traumatic Stress) Symptoms and Maladaptive Coping in Breast Cancer Patients: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Grassi Luigi , Caruso Rosangela , Murri Martino Belvederi , Fielding Richard , Lam Wendy , Sabato Silvana , De Padova Silvia , Nanni Maria Giulia , Bertelli Tatiana , Palagini Laura , Zerbinati Luigi 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Type-D (distressed) personality has not been prospectively explored for its association with psychosocial distress symptoms in breast cancer patients.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that Type-D personality can be associated with psychosocial distress variables in cancer over a 2-point period (6 month-follow-up).

Aims:
The aim of the study was to analyze the role of Type-D personality in relation to anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms, general distress, and maladaptive coping among cancer patients.

Methods:
145 breast cancer patients were assessed within 6 months from diagnosis (T0) and again 6 months later (T1). The Type-D personality Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Depression subscale (HAD-D), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) Anxiety subscale, the Distress Thermometer (DT), the Post-traumatic Symptoms (PTS) Impact of Event Scale (IES), and the Mini Mental Adjustment to Cancer (Mini-MAC) Anxious Preoccupation and Hopelessness scales were individually administered at T0 and T1.

Results:
One-quarter of cancer patients met the criteria for Type-D personality, which was stable over the follow-up time. The two main constructs of Type-D personality, namely social inhibition (SI) and negative affectivity (NA), were related to anxiety, depression, PTS, BSI-general distress and maladaptive coping (Mini-MAC anxious preoccupation and hopelessness). In regression analysis, Type-D SI was the most significant factor associated with the above-mentioned psychosocial variables, both at T0 and T1.

Conclusion:
Likewise other medical disorders (especially cardiology), Type-D personality has been confirmed to be a construct significantly related to psychosocial distress conditions and maladaptive coping that are usually part of assessment and intervention in cancer care. More attention to personality issues is important in oncology.
Quality of Life of People with Cancer in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rohilla Kusum K. , Kalyani C Vasantha , Gupta Sweety , Gupta Amit , Gupta Manoj 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The recent pandemic of COVID-19 caused havoc on the health system globally and raised a lot of questions and issues. Treatment for cancer is an emergency that cannot be taken back, particularly in an era of global pandemics. Cancer treatment mainly includes chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and palliative care, and because of the pandemic, all of these treatments are affected. The COVID-19 pandemic also had a potential effect on the quality of life and mental health of patients as well as health workers.

Objective:
This systematic review was intended to discuss the quality of life of people with cancer in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic in India in the light of the best available facts.

Methods:
An extensive literature search was done on PubMed, Medline, Embase, Clinical Key and Google Scholar databases till 3rd Feb 2021. Out of 1455 research articles, 06 research articles were included in this systematic review.

Results:
The results showed that cancer treatment delivery was as per standard safety protocol and the best treatment decisions were made by scheduling and setting priority. Till data, no direct research was conducted on the Indian continent to assess the quality of life of cancer patients in the COVID-19 era. The effect on the quality of life of cancer patients is very large and needs to be explored more by further research. Issues to be discussed with health care administrators and policy makers further. The tele-oncology method of cancer care delivery to patients is another rational option which is applicable as well.

Conclusion:
This systematic review demonstrated up-to-date evidence regarding the quality of life of cancer patients in the COVID-19 era in India. No research has been done to assess the quality of life of cancer patients. Still, the area is unrevealed, but evidence from other global studies indicates an altered quality of life for cancer patients. To maintain quality of life, cancer physicians should make evidence-based decisions and incorporate multidisciplinary management into decision making.
Improving Classification Accuracy of Pulmonary Nodules using Simplified Deep Neural Network
Authors: Bhatt Shital D. , Soni Himanshu B. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Lung cancer is among the major causes of death in the world. Early detection of lung cancer is a major challenge. These encouraged the development of Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) system.

Objectives:
We designed a CAD system for performance improvement in detecting and classifying pulmonary nodules. Though the system will not replace radiologists, it will be helpful to them in order to accurately diagnose lung cancer.

Methods:
The architecture comprises of two steps, among which in the first step CT scans are pre-processed and the candidates are extracted using the positive and negative annotations provided along with the LUNA16 dataset, and the second step consists of three different neural networks for classifying the pulmonary nodules obtained from the first step. The models in the second step consist of 2D-Convolutional Neural Network (2D-CNN), Visual Geometry Group-16 (VGG-16) and simplified VGG-16, which independently classify pulmonary nodules.

Results:
The classification accuracies achieved for 2D-CNN, VGG-16 and simplified VGG-16 were 99.12%, 98.17% and 99.60%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The integration of deep learning techniques along with machine learning and image processing can serve as a good means of extracting pulmonary nodules and classifying them with improved accuracy. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the transfer learning concept will improve system performance. In addition, performance improves proper designing of the CAD system by considering the amount of dataset and the availability of computing power.
Time Series Prediction of Viable Embryo and Automatic Grading in IVF using Deep Learning
Authors: Vaidya Gargee , Chandrasekhar Shreya , Gajjar Ruchi , Gajjar Nagendra , Patel Deven , Banker Manish 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The process of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) involves collecting multiple samples of mature eggs that are fertilized with sperms in the IVF laboratory. They are eventually graded, and the most viable embryo out of all the samples is selected for transfer in the mother’s womb for a healthy pregnancy. Currently, the process of grading and selecting the healthiest embryo is performed by visual morphology, and manual records are maintained by embryologists.

Objectives:
Maintaining manual records makes the process very tedious, time-consuming, and error-prone. The absence of a universal grading leads to high subjectivity and low success rate of pregnancy. To improve the chances of pregnancy, multiple embryos are transferred in the womb elevating the risk of multiple pregnancies. In this paper, we propose a deep learning-based method to perform the automatic grading of the embryos using time series prediction with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN).

Methods:
CNN extracts the features of the images of embryos, and a sequence of such features is fed to LSTM for time series prediction, which gives the final grade.

Results:
Our model gave an ideal accuracy of 100% on training and validation. A comparison of obtained results is made with those obtained from a GRU model as well as other pre-trained models.

Conclusion:
The automated process is robust and eliminates subjectivity. The days-long hard work can now be replaced with our model, which gives the grading within 8 seconds with a GPU.
Behavior of Fibrous Reinforced Concrete Splices
Authors: Rasheed Mereen H.F. , Agha Ayad Z.S. , Taha Bahman O. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The tangent of the relationship between bond stress and displacement (slip) is called the modulus of displacement and gives the basis for the theory. This theory is used to determine the stress distribution along the spliced reinforcement bars.

Objective:
This research presents a modification on the theory of the modulus of displacement to determine the stress distribution along the spliced reinforcement bond for fibrous reinforced concrete.

Methods:
1- General differential equations are derived for concrete stress, stress in reinforcement bars and bond stress between reinforcement bars and surrounding concrete.
2-The general solutions of these D.E. are determined and Excel data sheets are prepared to apply these solutions and determine the concrete, steel and bond stresses.

Results:
Excel data sheets are prepared to determine the concrete, steel and bond stresses. The stresses are determined along the bar splice length considering the effect of steel fiber content.

Conclusion:
The maximum concrete stress is obtained at center x=0 and minimum at . Maximum bond stress obtained at and minimum at the center. The maximum steel stress at and minimum at . The value of (σcmax) increased linearly with increasing of (ρ). The concrete stress increased nonlinearly with (ρ%) and linearly with ( fy) and (fc’). Also increasing of (k) and bar diameter have small effects. The value of bond stress decreased linearly with (Qf) and (ρ%).