bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serious arrhythmia in initiators of citalopram, escitalopram, and other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: A population‐based cohort study in older adults
Authors: Aakjær Mia , Werther Sarah Kimmer , De Bruin Marie Louise , Andersen Morten 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) citalopram and escitalopram are associated with QT prolongation, which increases the risk of serious arrhythmia. Consequently, regulatory agencies issued safety warnings in 2011. This study aimed to investigate the risk of serious arrhythmia following initiation of citalopram or escitalopram compared to other SSRIs and the risk in the periods before and after the warnings were issued. We conducted a series of nationwide cohort studies emulating a target trial using Danish healthcare register data from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2016. We included patients (aged ≥65 years) who filled an SSRI prescription with a 1‐year washout period before the index date. The outcome was an event of serious arrhythmia. Individuals were followed for a maximum of 6 months using an intention‐to‐treat approach. Log‐binomial regression analyses were performed, estimating risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for age and sex, comorbidities, and comedications with propensity scores. Dose–response effects were not investigated because dosage instructions were not available. We included 167,366 (146,014 individuals), 40,113 (37,069 individuals), and 50,281 (44,754 individuals) person‐trials of citalopram, escitalopram, and other SSRIs, respectively. In total, there were 228 events of serious arrhythmia. No difference in risk was observed in the entire study period for either citalopram (0.87 [0.62–1.22]) or escitalopram (0.85 [0.53–1.40]). We identified lower point estimates after the safety warning, RR 0.54 (95% CI 0.31–0.93) for citalopram and 0.58 (0.20–1.63) for escitalopram. Initiation of citalopram and escitalopram was not associated with an increased risk of serious arrhythmia. However, lower point estimates were observed after the safety warning.
Examination of the most cited studies on transcatheter aortic valve replacement with bibliometric analysis
Authors: Güzel Tuncay , Arslan Bayram 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to analyze the studies on TAVI with the bibliometric method and to perform a scientiometric analysis of the top 100 most cited articles for researchers.MethodsThe Thomson Reuters Web of Science database was searched for all relevant articles using the terms “TAVR” and “TAVI”. The results were ordered according to the number of citations. We also analyzed the 100 most cited articles (T100) by annual average citation count (ACpY), years, research methods, author, institution, journal, funding agencies, and keywords. Analyses were also performed between the total number of citations, ACpY, impact factors, and publication time.ResultsThe article titled “Transcatheter Aortic‐Valve Implantation for Aortic Stenosis in Patients Who Cannot Undergo Surgery” was the most cited article (n = 4616). The article titled “Transcatheter Aortic‐Valve Replacement with a Balloon‐Expandable Valve in Low‐Risk Patients” had the highest ACpY count (n = 497). The United States was the country that contributed the most to the T100 list. While the journal that contributed the most with 32 articles was “Journal of the American College Of Cardiology”, the journal in which the top 10 most cited articles were published most frequently was the “New England Journal of Medicine”. In addition, the most publications were made in 2012.ConclusionAlthough this bibliometric analysis study has some limitations, it allows the most cited publications on TAVI to be analyzed systematically and provides scientific contributions.
The accelerated aging skin in rhino‐like SHJHhr mice
Authors: Gao Jinfeng , Li Yongchao , Guan Yalun , Wei Xiaoyue , Chen Shijian , Li Xuejiao , Li Yunfeng , Huang Zhongqiang , Liu Shuhua , Li Ge , Xu Ping , Zhang Yu , Zhao Yuhong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSHJHhr mice line is rhino‐like mice with a nonsense Hairless (Hr) mutant, which shows the characteristic of shedding hair and wrinkled skin with increasing age. Through histological analysis and aging indexes detection, SHJHhr mice show an increased thickness skin with degraded hair follicle and dermal cysts and disorganized collagen fibres, as well as decreased level of Hyp. Meanwhile, the aging markers p16 and p21 are significantly higher in SHJHhr mouse skin than ICR mouse skin at same age. Moreover, the data of MDA and SOD show a higher oxidative stress in SHJHhr mouse skin, and the levels of Nrf2 and its targets are significantly downregulated, which suggests SHJHhr mice have a faster aging skin and its reason maybe poor antioxidative protection. Overall, this study shows SHJHhr mice with an accelerated aging skin, which suggests the role of Hr gene in skin aging.
Dynamic graph embedding‐based anomaly detection on internet of things time series
Authors: Li Gen , Jung Jason J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAnomaly detection is critical in the internet of things (IoT) environment. To this issue, this study provides a novel approach for detecting anomalies in multivariate IoT time series. The proposed approach identified relationships between IoT time series to establish a dynamic graph and estimated the graph entropy to detect anomalies. The presented approach was applied to industrial IoT datasets. The results have shown that the presented method outperformed other models by 0.21 with respect to F1‐score. In addition, we used three distinct algorithms to detect the anomalies from the multivariate IoT time series. According to the results, the local outlier factor approach outperformed the others by 0.18 with respect to F1‐score.
Determining population structure and connectivity through otolith chemistry of stout whiting, Sillago robusta
Authors: Sarakinis Koster G. , Taylor Matthew D. , Johnson Daniel D. , Gillanders Bronwyn M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFish otoliths encode information on surrounding environmental conditions. This study used otolith chemistry to investigate population structure and potential connectivity in stout whiting (Sillago robusta) along the east coast of Australia. Otoliths were analysed for both minor and trace elements, targeting the otolith core (location of birth) and otolith edge (location of capture), along with Ba:Ca transects to investigate life histories. Significant differences were found between core and edge signatures as well as among sample zones for select trace and minor elements. Otolith edge signatures showed evidence of some heterogeneity among zones, likely influenced by both environmental and physiological factors. This combination of factors is reflected in poor separation of sample zones from the multielement analysis, suggesting that future research may benefit from incorporating additional natural markers. Transects reflected some degree of individuality in Ba:Ca profiles, with evidence for potential exposure to upwelling events, or movement from shallow, inshore habitats into deeper waters. The variation in Ba:Ca profiles among fish suggests that populations are comprised of both resident and migratory individuals. While analysis of otolith chemistry could not reliably separate capture locations, patterns in the data suggest that inshore juvenile habitats are likely to be important in supporting exploited populations.
Negotiating politics and power: Perspectives on environmental justice from Jamaica's specialty coffee industry
Authors: Birthwright Anne‐Teresa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Jamaican specialty coffee industry operates in an ecologically sensitive landscape that is institutionally, politically and socio‐economically complex. Birthed under colonial rule, the industry has undergone a confluence of events that have shaped its contemporary organisation and exacerbated deeply rooted institutional and structural conditions. Through the lens of environmental justice, the paper sheds light on the plural claims to justice under changing climatic conditions and reveals the politics of adaptation within the context of market capitalism. Using stakeholder interviews, the paper captures the articulations and manifestations of injustice by exploring the local perceptions of procedural justice and justice as recognition. Through an examination of power and politics, the paper begins by contextualising the pre‐existing conditions that shape the disabling environment in which smallholders operate. This includes the neoliberal restructuring of the industry, smallholders' access to low farm gate prices, expensive farm inputs, low‐value chain participation, and limited support services. As these conditions are exacerbated by climate change impacts, the paper then discusses the disparity in justice claims between farmers and industry stakeholders surrounding the deployment of suitable climate change adaptation response. This is an area of contestation, as even though smallholders face multiple stressors, industry leaders have continued to operate the island's major coffee‐producing spaces as areas where profits can be mined and privileges reinforced. Effectively, the smallholder livelihoods embedded within Jamaica's coffee‐producing landscapes have been subjected to asymmetrical structures of power which legitimise whose voices are heard and which adaptation pathway takes precedence, thus generating injustices, nurturing vulnerabilities and stifling agency.
THE IMPACT OF LOCAL FISCAL AND MIGRATION POLICIES ON HUMAN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION AND INEQUALITY IN CHINA
Authors: Sieg Holger , Yoon Chamna , Zhang Jipeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe develop and estimate a spatial overlapping generations model with heterogeneous households to study the feasibility of a recently proposed reform of internal migration policies that offers the potential of decreasing inequality within China. We find that this policy change significantly increases the college attainment of migrant children born in rural areas and, therefore, promises to increase the number of high‐skill workers. However, it requires significant tax increases to offset the reduction of the positive fiscal externalities provided by migrants.
Caries‐preventive effectiveness of two different fluoride varnishes: A randomised clinical trial in patients with multi‐bracketed fixed orthodontic appliances
Authors: Sardana Divesh , Ekambaram Manikandan , Yang Yanqi , McGrath Colman P. , Yiu Cynthia K. Y. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with multi‐bracketed fixed orthodontic appliances are at a higher risk of developing enamel demineralisation.AimTo compare the efficacy of the quarterly application of two varnishes in preventing white spot lesions (WSLs) during multi‐bracketed fixed orthodontic treatment.DesignNinety‐nine patients were randomly allocated into three intervention groups: Group A—standard oral hygiene instructions (OHI); Group B—5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish with standard OHI; and Group C—NaF plus tricalcium phosphate varnish with standard OHI. The outcome was assessed at 6‐monthly intervals using a quantitative laser fluorescence device, clinical evaluation and photographic evaluation on six maxillary anterior teeth. A logistic regression model using generalised estimating equations with the intervention group, time and their interaction was used to compare the occurrence of WSLs, whereas the independent‐samples Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the means of fluorescent values among different groups at p = .05.ResultsGeneralised estimating equations (with intervention and time as predictors) showed that only the effect of time was found to be significant (p < .001), whereas there was no significant difference among the three intervention groups (p = .305) using clinical assessment or photographic assessment (p = .599). At the 18‐month follow‐up, sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish with standard OHI was shown to reduce the odds of WSLs by 55% (p = .200), and NaF plus tricalcium phosphate varnish with standard OHI by 42% (p = .327).ConclusionThe study failed to demonstrate that the quarterly application of both the study varnishes with OHI provided additional benefits compared with standard OHI alone in preventing WSLs, taking the effect of time of follow‐up into consideration. There were higher odds of developing WSLs with an increased duration of orthodontic treatment.
Novel pulsed infrared radiation: Effect on microbial, chemical and sensory properties of saffron (Crocus sativus L.)
Authors: Javanmard Dakheli Majid , Shavandi Mahdi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aim
In this study, the effect of pulsed infrared (PIR) irradiation on saffron microbial, chemical and sensory properties were evaluated.

Methods and results
The PIR power (250, 350 and 450 W), the distance of sample with irradiation source (10, 20 and 30 cm), irradiation time (0–20 min) and PIR pulse (1, 2 and 3 pulse/s) were investigated. Decontamination of total bacteria and total mould and yeast flora and microbial inactivation kinetics were determined. Saffron quality by FTIR and HPLC and sensory attributes were also measured. The highest reduction of the total bacterial count (2.203 log10 CFU per g) and total mould and yeast counts (2.194 log10 CFU per g) were obtained in Sargol Negin saffron at 350 W PIR power, 10 cm distance, 1.5 min treatment time and 3 pulse/s. The Double Weibull model is the best-fit model for the prediction of the microbial population.

Conclusion
Until now, there have been no reports of application for PIR in food processing and decontamination. According to the results, it can be concluded that PIR can be used as a safe method of saffron processing.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Utilization of a proper decontamination method for spices especially saffron as the most expensive agricultural product is challengeable. It is recommended to use the PIR method for food processing because due to the reduction of microbial population, it can maintain foodstuff quality at an acceptable level.
Alternative pathway for dopamine production by acetogenic gut bacteria that O-Demethylate 3-Methoxytyramine, a metabolite of catechol O-Methyltransferase
Authors: Rich Barry E. , Jackson Jayme C. , de Ora Lizett Ortiz , Long Zane G. , Uyeda Kylie S. , Bess Elizabeth N. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aims
The gut microbiota modulates dopamine levels in vivo, but the bacteria and biochemical processes responsible remain incompletely characterized. A potential precursor of bacterial dopamine production is 3-methoxytyramine (3MT); 3MT is produced when dopamine is O-methylated by host catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT), thereby attenuating dopamine levels. This study aimed to identify whether gut bacteria are capable of reverting 3MT to dopamine.

Methods and Results
Human faecal bacterial communities O-demethylated 3MT and yielded dopamine. Gut bacteria that mediate this transformation were identified as acetogens Eubacterium limosum and Blautia producta. Upon exposing these acetogens to propyl iodide, a known inhibitor of cobalamin-dependent O-demethylases, 3MT O-demethylation was inhibited. Culturing E. limosum and B. producta with 3MT afforded increased acetate levels as compared with vehicle controls.

Conclusions
Gut bacterial acetogens E. limosum and B. producta synthesized dopamine from 3MT. This O-demethylation of 3MT was likely performed by cobalamin-dependent O-demethylases implicated in reductive acetogenesis.

Significance and Impact of the Study
This is the first report that gut bacteria can synthesize dopamine by O-demethylation of 3MT. Owing to 3MT being the product of host COMT attenuating dopamine levels, gut bacteria that reverse this transformation—converting 3MT to dopamine—may act as a counterbalance for dopamine regulation by COMT.
Behaviour change techniques used in lifestyle support of adults with mild intellectual disabilities
Authors: Willems Mariël , de Jong Johan , Overwijk Annelies , Hilgenkamp Thessa I. M. , van der Schans Cees P. , Waninge Aly 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundProfessional caregivers are important in the daily support of lifestyle change for adults with mild intellectual disabilities; however, little is known about which behaviour change techniques (BCTs) are actually used. This study aims to gain insight in their use for lifestyle behaviour change using video observations.MethodsProfessional caregivers (N = 14) were observed in daily work supporting adults with mild intellectual disabilities. Videos were analysed using the Coventry Aberdeen London Refined (CALO‐RE‐NL) taxonomy and BCTs utilised were coded.ResultsTwenty one out of 40 BCTs were used by professional caregivers. The BCTs ‘Information about others' approval’, ‘Identification as role model’, ‘Rewards on successful behaviour’, ‘Review behavioural goals’ and ‘Instructions on how to perform the behaviour’ were most employed.ConclusionProfessional caregivers used BCTs to support healthier lifestyle behaviour of adults with mild intellectual disabilities. However, most promising of them as defined previous by professionals were rarely used by professional caregivers.
Explaining Non‐compliance in the EU Differentiated Integration: The Case of Transport and Infrastructure Obligations under the EU‐Ukraine Association Agreement
Authors: Rabinovych Maryna , Egert Oleksandra 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExternal differentiated integration constellations, such as the EU Association Agreements (AAs) with Eastern Neighbours, require third states to conduct extensive regulatory approximation with EU rules. Nevertheless, compliance in EU external differentiation remains under‐researched. In this vein, the article explains (non)‐compliance in EU external differentiated integration through the prism of an integrated approach to compliance that brings together the enforcement and management perspectives. The research is based on the case study of Ukraine's fulfillment of its transport‐ and infrastructure‐related obligations under the EU‐Ukraine AA. It is found that Ukraine's low compliance rates stem from an array of factors attributable to both of the applied perspectives. The study testifies to the complementarity of the enforcement and management approaches in the research of compliance in EU external differentiated integration and points out the need for the Commission to combine ‘carrots‐and‐sticks’ approach with consultations and capacity‐building to strengthen Eastern Neighbours' compliance with AAs norms.
Predicting the risk of dental implant loss using deep learning
Authors: Huang Nannan , Liu Peng , Yan Youlong , Xu Ling , Huang Yuanding , Fu Gang , Lan Yiqing , Yang Sheng , Song Jinlin , Li Yuzhou 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the feasibility of predicting dental implant loss risk with deep learning (DL) based on preoperative cone‐beam computed tomography.Materials and MethodsSix hundred and three patients who underwent implant surgery (279 high‐risk patients who did and 324 low‐risk patients who did not experience implant loss within 5 years) between January 2012 and January 2020 were enrolled. Three models, a logistic regression clinical model (CM) based on clinical features, a DL model based on radiography features, and an integrated model (IM) developed by combining CM with DL, were developed to predict the 5‐year implant loss risk. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the model performance. Time to implant loss was considered for both groups, and Kaplan–Meier curves were created and compared by the log‐rank test.ResultsThe IM exhibited the best performance in predicting implant loss risk (AUC = 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84–0.95), followed by the DL model (AUC = 0.87, 95% CI 0.80–0.92) and the CM (AUC = 0.72, 95% CI 0.63–0.79).ConclusionsOur study offers preliminary evidence that both the DL model and the IM performed well in predicting implant fate within 5 years and thus may greatly facilitate implant practitioners in assessing preoperative risks.
Encouraging sun protection early in life: from a successful prevention programme in children to the identification of psychological barriers in adolescents
Authors: Stockfleth E. , Revol O. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractChildren and adolescents have high rates of sunburn and high levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure and are therefore at risk of developing skin cancer in later life. Minimizing UVR exposure in childhood and adolescence may be the most important component of skin cancer prevention efforts. Thus, age‐adapted prevention campaigns, targeting children, adolescents and caregivers, are needed to change sun protection behaviour among individuals in these age groups. In the first part of this review, we describe the ‘SunPass’ programme, which was initiated in Germany in 2010 as the first nationwide educational intervention for sun safety designed to teach kindergarten children and their caregivers how to protect themselves from overexposure to the sun. Implemented in 55 kindergartens, this programme has been shown to be effective at improving sun protection behaviour (P < 0.001) and hat use (P = 0.029) among kindergarten children, as well as at improving shade practices and increasing demand for protective clothing (P < 0.001). Up to 40 000 children, 50 000 parents/grandparents and 2500 kindergarten caregivers took part in the SunPass programme in Germany from 2019 to June 2021. The programme has also been adapted and implemented in several other European countries and could be readily adapted for use elsewhere. In the second part of this review, we discuss the specific challenges faced by adolescents and consider how these issues may impact their sun protection behaviour. Adolescents have difficulties suppressing responses to reward‐related cues and projecting themselves into the future. They also place a lot of importance on social acceptance and cosmetic appearance, and their higher risk of depression, addiction and impulsivity make them vulnerable to tanning addiction. These specificities need to be acknowledged by dermatologists, so they can adapt their therapeutic relationship and develop effective sun protection interventions for this generation.