bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicenter Repeatability and Reproducibility of MR Fingerprinting in Phantoms and in Prostatic Tissue
Authors: Lo Wei‐Ching , Bittencourt Leonardo Kayat , Panda Ananya , Jiang Yun , Tokuda Junichi , Seethamraju Ravi , Tempany‐Afdhal Clare , Obmann Verena , Wright Katherine , Griswold Mark , Seiberlich Nicole , Gulani Vikas 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo evaluate multicenter repeatability and reproducibility of T1 and T2 maps generated using MR fingerprinting (MRF) in the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine/National Institute of Standards and Technology MRI system phantom and in prostatic tissues.MethodsMRF experiments were performed on 5 different 3 Tesla MRI scanners at 3 different institutions: University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center (Cleveland, OH), Brigham and Women's Hospital (Boston, MA) in the United States, and Diagnosticos da America (Rio de Janeiro, RJ) in Brazil. Raw MRF data were reconstructed using a Gadgetron‐based MRF online reconstruction pipeline to yield quantitative T1 and T2 maps. The repeatability of T1 and T2 values over 6 measurements in the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine/National Institute of Standards and Technology MRI system phantom was assessed to demonstrate intrascanner variation. The reproducibility between the 4 clinical scanners was assessed to demonstrate interscanner variation. The same‐day test–retest normal prostate mean T1 and T2 values from peripheral zone and transitional zone were also compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland–Altman analysis.ResultsThe intrascanner variation of values measured using MRF was less than 2% for T1 and 4.7% for T2 for relaxation values, within the range of 307.7 to 2360 ms for T1 and 19.1 to 248.5 ms for T2. Interscanner measurements showed that the T1 variation was less than 4.9%, and T2 variation was less than 8.1% between multicenter scanners. Both T1 and T2 values in in vivo prostatic tissue demonstrated high test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.92) and strong linear correlation (R2 > 0.840).ConclusionProstate MRF measurements of T1 and T2 are repeatable and reproducible between MRI scanners at different centers on different continents for the above measurement ranges.
Development of a training programme for professional nurses in South Africa – An educational response to the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Jordan Portia , Iwu‐Jaja Chinwe , Mokoka Elizabeth , Kearns Irene , Oamen Benedict , de Lange Santel , Schutte Loraine , Naidoo Vasanthrie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThis paper describes the development of the training programme for South African professional nurses on how to manage critically ill COVID‐19 patients in intensive care units and repurposed general wards.Design and methodsThe Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation educational instructional design model guided the development of the training programme. A case‐based study approach and blended learning were used to deliver the six modules.ResultsThe training programme was developed, reviewed and validated by the coordinating team of facilitators involved in the initiative. Implementation of the training programme and the result thereof will not be discussed as part of this manuscript.ConclusionThe training programme aimed to enhance the knowledge of professional nurses in the management of critically ill patients with COVID‐19. As the pandemic evolves, a need for training and ongoing support was identified, which might address the need for surge capacity and hospital readiness planning.
Correlating measured radiotherapy dose with patterns of endocrinopathy: The importance of minimizing pituitary dose
Authors: Fraser Olivia , Crowne Elizabeth , Tacey Mark , Cramer Rebecca , Cameron Alison 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPituitary insufficiency is a common toxicity of cranial radiotherapy received in childhood for central nervous system, head and neck, and hematological malignancies. There is a recognized deficiency pattern and correlation with prescribed radiotherapy dose; however, correlation with measured pituitary dose (which can be minimized with modern radiotherapy techniques) has not previously been assessed.ProcedureRetrospective analysis was carried out of measured pituitary dose and endocrine outcomes of patients receiving cranial, total body, or head and neck photon beam radiotherapy at a tertiary center from July 2008 to October 2019.ResultsComplete data for 102 patients were available. Median (IQR) age at radiotherapy was 9.0 (6.0‐12.0) and follow‐up 5.7 years (3.5‐9.1). Most patients received focal brain radiotherapy (36.3%) or total body irradiation (32.4%); most frequent diagnoses were acute lymphoblastic leukemia (25.5%) and medulloblastoma (17.6%). The majority developed pituitary insufficiency (64; 62.7%); 41% had one and 38% had two hormone deficiencies. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) (58; 56.9%) and thyroid‐stimulating hormone deficiency (TSHD) (32; 31.4%) were most common. Patients who developed pituitary insufficiency received higher maximum pituitary dose—median (IQR) Gy, 44.0 (20.4‐54.0) vs 18.2 (14.4‐52.6); P = 0.008. Doses of 40‐49 Gy or >50 Gy led to a higher cumulative incident rate than <20 Gy (HR 4.07, P < 0.001 and HR 3.04, P < 0.001, respectively). However, even at lower dose bands, levels of pituitary insufficiency were significant with a five‐year cumulative incidence of GHD for <20 Gy and TSHD for 20‐29 Gy reaching >30%.ConclusionsOur findings confirm a correlation between measured pituitary dose and risk of insufficiency even at lower doses, despite modern radiotherapy techniques. These data highlight the importance of minimizing pituitary dose and early specialist endocrine follow‐up.
An experimental study on the properties changing in recyclable fiber‐reinforced 3D printing
Authors: Wei Wei , Chen Ling , Zhang Lijing , Yang Jinxiu , Yao Yuan , Zhang Heng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractContinuous fiber‐reinforced composites 3D printing can significantly improve strength but make materialize recycling more difficult. This study explores the feasibility of recycling and remanufacturing in practical applications by simulating the change in mechanical properties during outdoor aging of continuous aramid fiber‐reinforced 3D printed parts. First, a Fermat's Spiral based globally continuous path was used to fabricate recyclable fiber‐reinforced prints. Then, the continuous aramid fiber‐reinforced PLA (CF/PLA) composites were recycled from the printed parts and re‐impregnated in the subsequent production. Finally, the CF/PLA composite specimens were exposed to UV irradiation and moisture cycling in an aging test chamber, and the aging process of the whole experiment lasted for 516 h. It was found that for the first recycled and remanufactured specimens, the tensile strength was 204 MPa, which was higher than that of the originally printed specimens (196 MPa), and the flexural strength and modulus were 159 MPa and 6.4 GPa, higher than those of original specimens, which were 141 MPa and 5.6 GPa, an increase of 12.77% and 14.29%, respectively. For the specimens aged 172, 344, and 516 h, the tensile strength increased by 4.32%, 3.60%, and 17.36%, respectively after recycling and remanufacturing. The reduction rate of the tensile strength of the remanufactured specimens was 15.3% lower than that of the raw materials in the aging process. Our experiments estimated the change in properties of remanufactured specimens from recycled fiber‐reinforced materials after natural aging, demonstrating the feasibility of the manufacturing process for recycled fiber‐reinforced materials in practical applications.
Optimizing the capture of neophobic rice field rats in lowland Asian rice ecosystems
Authors: Lorica Renee P. , Stuart Alexander M. , Singleton Grant R. , Sudarmaji  , Belmain Steven R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDTrapping is a key method for monitoring small mammals and is also one of a number of methods recommended under an ecologically‐based rodent management program to control rodent pest populations. Live‐traps are widely used globally for studying small mammal populations. In Asia where rodents are major pests of rice, single capture traps typically provide low trap success. We compared the trap success between two types of live‐traps in rice fields in Indonesia and the Philippines.RESULTSMultiple‐capture traps (MCTs) in conjunction with a linear trap barrier were significantly more effective in catching rodent pest species than single‐capture traps (SCTs) in Indonesia and the Philippines. In Indonesia, MCTs captured more individuals with a mean (±SE) percent trap success rate of (15.54 ± 4.29) compared to SCTs (3.88 ± 1.58). In the Philippines, MCTs captured more species of rodents and had a significantly higher recapture rate (1.96 ± 0.79), than SCTs (0.58 ± 0.32).CONCLUSIONMultiple‐capture traps with a linear trap‐barrier were more effective for capturing Rattus argentiventer and Rattus tanezumi in rice field ecosystems compared to single‐capture traps. MCTs captured more species of rodent pests in the Philippines and recaptured more individuals of each species. These results indicate that rodent populations can be more effectively monitored and controlled by using a multi‐capture trap with barrier system than the use of single capture traps on their own. This is the first time these two trap types have been compared for use in rice ecosystems in Asia. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Caveolin‐1 associated with severe (pediatric‐onset) presentation of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Farrell Rachel , Colglazier Elizabeth , Parker Claire , Stevens Leah , Austin Eric D. , Fineman Jeffrey R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere has been a growing interest in the role that genetic factors influence pediatric pulmonary vascular disease. In fact, data suggests that genetic factors contribute to ~42% of pediatric‐onset pulmonary hypertension. Although animal and human studies suggest that aberrations in Caveolin1 (CAV1) signaling participate in the development of pulmonary vascular disorders, limited reports of CAV1‐associated heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) exist. This is a case report of a 2‐year‐old female with late recognition of HPAH due to a CAV1 pathogenic variant: c.474del, (p.Leu159Serfs*22)(NM_001753.5). The pedigree demonstrates autosomal dominant transmission with reduced penetrance of PAH, suggestive that additional genetic or environmental factors modify PAH development. Genetic testing and the discovery of rare genetic alterations in PAH during infancy and childhood may aid in identifying disease etiologies, guide therapeutic decisions, and ultimately identify novel therapeutic targets. Moreover, CAV1 genetics implicate variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance for HPAH and underscores the utility of predictive genetic testing for unaffected family members no matter their age.
A simpler noninvasive method of predicting markedly elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Zhai Ya‐Nan , Li Ai‐Li , Tao Xin‐Cao , Xie Wan‐Mu , Gao Qian , Zhang Yu , Chen Ai‐Hong , Lei Jie‐Ping , Zhai Zhen‐Guo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeveral echocardiographic methods to estimate pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) have been proposed. So far, most studies have focused on relatively low PVR in patients with a nonspecific type of pulmonary hypertension. We aimed to clarify the clinical usefulness of a new echocardiographic index for evaluating markedly elevated PVR in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We studied 127 CTEPH patients. We estimated the systolic and mean pulmonary artery pressure using echocardiography (sPAPEcho, mPAPEcho) and measured the left ventricular internal diameter at end diastole (LVIDd). sPAPEcho/LVIDd and mPAPEcho/LVIDd were then correlated with invasive PVR. Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a cutoff value for the index was generated to identify patients with PVR > 1000 dyn·s·cm−5. We analyzed pre‐ and postoperative hemodynamics and echocardiographic data in 49 patients who underwent pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA). In this study, mPAPEcho/LVIDd moderately correlated with PVR (r = 0.51, p < 0.0001). There was a better correlation between PVR and sPAPEcho/LVIDd (r = 0.61, p < 0.0001). sPAPEcho/LVIDd ≥ 1.94 had an 77.1% sensitivity and 75.4% specificity to determine PVR > 1000 dyn·s·cm−5 (area under curve = 0.804, p < 0.0001, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66–0.90). DeLong's method showed there was a statistically significant difference between sPAPEcho/LVIDd with tricuspid regurgitation velocity2/velocity–time integral of the right ventricular outflow tract (difference between areas 0.14, 95% CI, 0.00–0.27). The sPAPEcho/LVIDd and mPAPEcho/LVIDd significantly decreased after PEA (both p < 0.0001). The sPAPEcho/LVIDd and mPAPEcho/LVIDd reduction rate (ΔsPAPEcho/LVIDd and ΔmPAPEcho/LVIDd) was significantly correlated with PVR reduction rate (ΔPVR), respectively (r = 0.58, p < 0.01; r = 0.69, p < 0.05). In conclusion, the index of sPAPEcho/LVIDd could be a simpler and reliable method in estimating CTEPH with markedly elevated PVR and also be a convenient method of estimating PVR both before and after PEA.
Wide‐Angle Tunable Critical Coupling in Nanophotonic Optical Coatings with Low‐Loss Phase Change Material
Authors: Sreekanth Kandammathe Valiyaveedu , Prabhathan Patinharekandy , Chaturvedi Apoorva , Lekina Yulia , Han Song , Zexiang Shen , Tong Teo Edwin Hang , Teng Jinghua , Singh Ranjan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRealizing perfect light absorption in stacked thin films of dielectrics and metals through critical light coupling has recently received intensive research attention. In addition, realizing ultra‐thin perfect absorber and tunable perfect absorber in the visible spectrum is essential for novel optoelectronics applications. However, the existing thin film stacks cannot show tunable perfect absorption in a wide‐angle range. Here, a tunable perfect absorption from normal incidence to a wide‐angle range (0° to 70°) by utilizing a two‐layer stack consisting of a high refractive index low‐loss dielectric on a high reflecting metal is proposed. This is experimentally demonstrated by depositing a thin layer of low‐loss phase change material such as stibnite (Sb2S3) on a thin layer of silver. This structure shows tunable perfect absorption with large spectral tunability in the visible wavelength. Furthermore, the absorption enhancement in 2D materials by transferring monolayer molybdenum disulfide on the stack, which shows 96% light absorption with enhanced photoluminescence, is demonstrated. In addition, the thin film stack can work as a scalable phase modulator offering a maximum phase tunability of ≈140° by changing the structural state of Sb2S3 from amorphous to crystalline.
A scoping review of randomized clinical trials for pain management in pediatric tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Shih Michael C. , Long Barry D. , Pecha Phayvanh P. , White David R. , Liu Yi‐Chun C. , Brennan Emily , Nguyen Mariam I. , Clemmens Clarice S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the volume, topics, and reporting trends in the published literature of randomized clinical trials for pharmacologic pain management of pediatric tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy and to identify areas requiring further research.Data SourcesPubMed (National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health), Scopus (Elsevier), CINAHL (EBSCO), and Cochrane Library (Wiley).MethodsA systematic search of four databases was conducted. Only randomized controlled or comparison trials examining pain improvement with a pharmacologic intervention in pediatric tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy were included. Data collected included demographics, pain‐related outcomes, sedation scores, nausea/vomiting, postoperative bleeding, types of drug comparisons, modes of administration, timing of administration, and identities of the investigated drugs.ResultsOne hundred and eighty‐nine studies were included for analysis. Most studies included validated pain scales, with the majority using visual‐assisted scales (49.21%). Fewer studies examined pain beyond 24 h postoperation (24.87%), and few studies included a validated sedation scale (12.17%). Studies have compared several different dimensions of pharmacologic treatment, including different drugs, timing of administration, modes of administration, and dosages. Only 23 (12.17%) studies examined medications administered postoperatively, and only 29 (15.34%) studies examined oral medications. Acetaminophen only had four self‐comparisons.ConclusionOur work provides the first scoping review of pain and pediatric tonsillectomy. With drug safety profiles considered, the literature does not have enough data to determine which treatment regimen provides superior pain control in pediatric tonsillectomy. Even common drugs like acetaminophen and ibuprofen require further research for optimizing the treatment of posttonsillectomy pain. The heterogeneity in study design and comparisons weakens the conclusions of potential systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. Future directions include more noninferiority studies of unique comparisons and more studies examining oral medications given postoperatively.
Comparison of cosmetic outcomes between remote‐access and conventional thyroidectomy: A review of the current literature
Authors: Kasouli Anna , Spartalis Eleftherios , Giannakodimos Alexios , Tsourouflis Gerasimos , Dimitroulis Dimitrios , Nikiteas Nikolaos I. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe pursuit of an esthetically pleasing scar following open thyroid surgery has led to the development of endoscopic thyroidectomy through remote incisions placed in several locations outside the neck. The objective of this study is to review the recent literature and compare the incision site appearance and patient satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome after extracervical and conventional thyroidectomy.MethodsThe English literature published since 2010 was searched through the PubMed/Medline database for studies comparing the cosmetic outcomes between remote‐access endoscopic and conventional thyroidectomy using a form of scar assessment scale.ResultsA total of 9 relevant papers fulfilled the eligibility criteria including 1486 patients. Among them, 595 patients underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy through several remote‐access approaches and 891 patients were assigned to the conventional group. Only one randomized‐controlled trial was identified, whereas among the rest, four were prospective and four were retrospective nonrandomized cohorts. Regarding the extracervical modifications performed in the endoscopic groups, the axillary approach was performed in three studies and the breast approach in four studies, while the retroauricular facelift technique and the transoral vestibular method were applied in one study, respectively.ConclusionsEvaluation of the wound appearance and patient satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome at various time points during the follow‐up highlighted the superiority of the extracervical approaches over the conventional cervicotomy. Considering these findings, remote‐access techniques could possibly be the ideal surgical method for patients with high esthetic requirements, providing an excellent appearance of the thoroughly exposed neck.
Prairie grouse and wind energy: The state of the science and implications for risk assessment
Authors: Lloyd John D. , Aldridge Cameron L. , Allison Taber D. , LeBeau Chad W. , McNew Lance B. , Winder Virginia L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHow to shape the anticipated build‐out of industrial‐scale renewable energy in a way that minimizes risk to wildlife remains contentious. The challenge of balancing wildlife conservation and decarbonization of the electricity sector is well illustrated in the grasslands and shrub‐steppe of North America. Here, several endemic species of grouse are the focus of intensive, long‐term conservation action by a host of governmental and nongovernmental entities, many of whom are now asking whether anticipated increases in the number of wind‐energy facilities will exacerbate declines or prevent recovery of these species. To address this question, we synthesized the potential consequences of wind‐energy development on prairie grouse. Published literature on behavior or demography of prairie grouse at wind‐energy facilities is sparse, with studies having been conducted at only 5 different facilities in the United States. Only 2 of these studies met the standard for robust impact analysis by collecting pre‐construction data and using control sites or gradient designs. Only one species, greater prairie chicken, had published results available for >1 facility. Most (10/12) studies also drew conclusions based on short (<4 years) periods of study, which is potentially problematic when studying highly philopatric species. Given these caveats, we found that, in the short‐term, adult survival and nest success appear largely unaffected in populations exposed to wind‐energy facilities. However, changes in habitat use by female greater sage‐grouse and female greater prairie‐chicken during some seasons and reduced lek persistence among male greater prairie‐chickens near wind turbines suggest behavioral responses that may have demographic consequences. Prairie grouse can coexist with wind‐energy facilities in some cases, at least in the short term, but important uncertainties remain, including the potential for long‐term, cumulative effects of the extensive development expected as states attempt to meet goals for generating electricity from renewable sources.
A Binuclear Cobalt Complex in the Electrochemical Water Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Nestke Sebastian , Stubbe Jessica , Koehler Robert , Ronge Emanuel , Albold Uta , Vioel Wolfgang , Jooss Christian , Sarkar Biprajit , Siewert Inke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe water splitting reaction represents an appealing approach to store solar energy. The 4e−/4H+ oxidation of water generating O2 is considered as the bottleneck in this reaction and usually requires a rather large over potential. We report on the synthesis and application of a binuclear cobalt(III) complex, 1, with two μ‐OH ligands and tripodal triazole ligands, L, in the electrochemical water oxidation reaction (WOR; L=tris((1‐phenyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methyl)amine). The cobalt(III) centres in the complex exhibit an octahedral coordination geometry and the complex is stable in water. Electrochemical studies revealed that solutions of 1NO3 catalyse the WOR in phosphate or borate buffer. However, further analysis showed, that 1NO3 is a precursor and decomposes under the applied potential. A smooth deposit is formed on the electrode surface, which is a highly active water oxidation catalysis. The deposit consists of mainly cobalt oxide/hydroxide, which accounts for the catalytic activity, and small amounts of 1NO3.