bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Application of Brain-Computer Interface in Upper Limb Dysfunction After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Peng Yang , Wang Jing , Liu Zicai , Zhong Lida , Wen Xin , Wang Pu , Gong Xiaoqian , Liu Huiyu 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the effectiveness and safety of the Brain-computer interface (BCI) in treatment of upper limb dysfunction after stroke.MethodsEnglish and Chinese electronic databases were searched up to July 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible. The methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane’s risk-of-bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.ResultsA total of 488 patients from 16 RCTs were included. The results showed that (1) the meta-analysis of BCI-combined treatment on the improvement of the upper limb function showed statistical significance [standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.53, 95% CI: 0.26–0.80, P &lt; 0.05]; (2) BCI treatment can improve the abilities of daily living of patients after stroke, and the analysis results are statistically significant (SMD: 1.67, 95% CI: 0.61–2.74, P &lt; 0.05); and (3) the BCI-combined therapy was not statistically significant for the analysis of the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) (SMD: −0.10, 95% CI: −0.50 to 0.30, P = 0.61).ConclusionThe meta-analysis indicates that the BCI therapy or BCI combined with other therapies such as conventional rehabilitation training and motor imagery training can improve upper limb dysfunction after stroke and enhance the quality of daily life.
Effects of Different Degrees of Extraluminal Compression on Hemodynamics in a Prominent Transverse-Sigmoid Sinus Junction
Authors: Qiu Xiaoyu , Zhao Pengfei , Mu Zhenxia , Dai Chihang , Li Xiaoshuai , Xu Ning , Ding Heyu , Gong Shusheng , Yang Zhenghan , Gao Bin , Wang Zhenchang 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo simulate hemodynamic changes after extraluminal compression in pulsatile tinnitus (PT) patients with a prominent transverse-sigmoid sinus junction (PTSJ).MethodsOne patient-specific case was reconstructed based on computed tomography venography (CTV) images of a PT patient. The compression degree served as a new index in this study. Cases with 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% of the compression degree of the control subject were constructed. Steady-state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were assessed. The wall pressure distribution, wall maximum pressure (Pmax) and flow pattern (velocity streamlines and velocity vector) of the PTSJ were calculated to evaluate hemodynamic differences among all cases.ResultsWith increasing compression, the wall pressure at the compression point and downstream of the PTSJ decreased but increased upstream. When the compression degree exceeded 70%, the upstream pressure increased significantly. Above 50% compression, the blood flow pattern downstream of the sigmoid sinus tended to spiral, especially after 80% compression. Beyond 60% compression, the blood flow pattern under the compression axis became more medial.ConclusionMechanical compression of PTSJ changes wall pressure and blood flow patterns. The degree of compression should be carefully observed to avoid possible complications or reoccurrence.
Validation of the Chinese Empowerment of Parents in the Intensive Care (EMPATHIC-30) Questionnaire Among Parents in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhuang Yan , Zhang Rong , Gao Xi-rong , Zhu Li-hui , Latour Jos M. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThere are no specific validated questionnaires assessing satisfaction of family-centered care experienced by parents of infants hospitalized in Chinese Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU).AimTo adapt and test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the EMPATHIC-30 questionnaire in NICU settings.MethodsA prospective, cross-sectional design was adopted. The EMPATHIC-30 questionnaires were completed by parents of infants admitted to one of the four NICUs at Hunan Children's Hospital, China, between November 2018 and 2019. Inclusion criteria were parents whose infants were admitted to the NICU for at least 5 days. Exclusion criteria were parents whose children were discharged within 5 days after admission or whose infants died in the NICU. Reliability was tested with Cronbach's alpha. The congruent validity was tested using Spearman's Rank correlation analysis, and the non-differential validity was tested using Cohen's d.ResultsParents of 619 infants discharged from the NICUs completed and returned the questionnaire. Most infants were male (n = 337, 54.4%) and infants' length of stay was a median of 21 days (IQR = 14–37). Mostly, mothers completed the questionnaire (n = 523, 84.5%). The Cronbach's alpha values of the five individual domains were between 0.67 and 0.95, and the alpha of the total questionnaire was.90, providing an adequate internal consistency. Congruent validity was measured by correlating the five domains with four standard satisfaction scales, documenting a weak correlation (rs −0.025–0.327). Non-differential validity showed some significant effect size between four binary variables (mechanical ventilation, unplanned admission, admission after surgery, length of stay) four of the five domains.ConclusionThe Chinese version of EMPATHIC-30 questionnaire showed acceptable psychometric properties. This instrument might be considered a suitable instrument to measure parent satisfaction among Chinese parents whose infants are admitted to an NICU. Measuring parent satisfaction with this instrument might contribute to improving family-centered care initiatives in NICUs with Chinese parents.
Clinical Characteristics of Gastric Duplication in Children
Authors: Liu Fei , Xu Xiaogang , Lan Menglong , Tao Boyuan , Liang Zijian , Zeng Jixiao 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTo investigate the clinical characteristics of gastric duplication (GD) in children.MethodsThe clinical data of 17 children with GD who were treated in our hospital from July 2015 to June 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 8 males and 9 females, aged from 2 months to 11 years. All children underwent laparoscopic GD resections and postoperative pathological diagnosis was GD. In addition, we searched and analyzed the literature on GD in children from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2021 from the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases.ResultsGastric duplication was more common in females, with the most common cystic type occurring in the greater curvature of the stomach. Vomiting is the most common clinical manifestation. Ultrasound is an effective method for the early screening of GD. In this study, one patient who had multiple GDs underwent laparoscopic cystectomy and mucosectomy, one patient was converted to open surgery, and all other children underwent laparoscopic cystectomies. The time to oral intake was 2.3 ± 1.0 days (range: 1–4 days), and the postoperative hospital stay was 5.7 ± 1.7 days (range: 2–9 days). All children were followed up for 6–77 months and had an uneventful recovery with the resolution of the preoperative symptoms.ConclusionGastric duplication in children lacks specific clinical manifestations, and the preoperative diagnosis rate is not high, so surgical exploration combined with pathological examination is often needed to make a clear diagnosis. Laparoscopic cystectomy can achieve good therapeutic results.
The Identification of Novel CYP2D6 Variants in US Hmong: Results From Genome Sequencing and Clinical Genotyping
Authors: Wen Ya Feng , Gaedigk Andrea , Boone Erin C. , Wang Wendy Y. , Straka Robert J. 
Published: March 2022

Objective: Hmong individuals represent a unique East Asian subpopulation in whom limited information concerning pharmacogenetic variation exists. The objectives of this study were to comprehensively characterize the highly polymorphic CYP2D6 gene in Hmong, estimate allele and phenotype frequencies and to compare results between two testing platforms.Methods: DNA from 48 self-identified Hmong participants were sequenced using a targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel. Star allele calls were made using Astrolabe, manual inspection of NGS variant calls and confirmatory Sanger sequencing. Structural variation was determined by long-range (XL)-PCR and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). The consensus diplotypes were subsequently translated into phenotype utilizing the activity score system. Clinical grade pharmacogenetic testing was obtained for 12 of the 48 samples enabling an assessment of concordance between the consensus calls and those determined by clinical testing platforms.Results: A total of 13 CYP2D6 alleles were identified. The most common alleles were CYP2D6*10 and its structural arrangements (37.5%, 36/96) and the *5 gene deletion (13.5%, 13/96). Three novel suballeles (*10.007, *36.004, and *75.002) were also identified. Phenotype frequencies were as follows: ultrarapid metabolizers (4.2%, 2/48), normal metabolizers (41.7%, 20/48) and intermediate metabolizers (52.1%, 25/48); none of the 48 participants were predicted to be poor metabolizers. Concordance of diplotype and phenotype calls between the consensus and clinical testing were 66.7 and 50%, respectively.Conclusion: Our study to explore CYP2D6 genotypes in the Hmong population suggests that this subpopulation is unique regarding CYP2D6 allelic variants; also, a higher portion of Hmong participants (50%) are predicted to have an intermediate metabolizer phenotype for CYP2D6 compared to other East Asians which range between 27 and 44%. Results from different testing methods varied considerably. These preliminary findings underscore the importance of thoroughly interrogating unique subpopulations to accurately predict a patient’s CYP2D6 metabolizer status.
Musculoskeletal Disorders and Quality of Life in Chilean Teachers: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Vega-Fernández Gustavo , Olave Enrique , Lizana Pablo A. 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionTeaching professionals have reported multiple conditions associated with low quality of life (QoL) perception. Various studies have also reported high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). In this context, there are few studies regarding the association between low QoL perception and MSD suffering in teachers.ObjectiveTherefore, in this study the aim was evaluate MSD prevalence and its association with teachers' QoL perception.Participants and MethodsA total sample of 544 Chilean teachers were included in a cross-sectional study. MSD prevalence was evaluated via the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire and QoL perception via the Short-Form 36 Health Survey Instrument. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between MSD and QoL perception adjusted for gender and age.ResultsA total of 91% of teachers have had some MSD in the last 12 months, and 28.86% have had 6 or more painful regions. Females showed greater MSD prevalence than males. Teachers who reported no MSD had higher QoL scores compared to teachers with MSD. The group of teachers with the most MSD (≥p75) saw significant increases in the risk of having low scores in the physical (OR: 2.82) and mental components (OR: 2.65) of QoL. By contrast, teachers without MSD have a buffer effect for their QoL (physical OR: 0.2; mental OR: 0.44).ConclusionsHigh MSD prevalence suggest that preventive and informative actions must be taken regarding these disorders to protect teachers' mental and physical health, considering the multiple risk factors to which teachers are exposed given their work conditions in Chile and worldwide.
Guidelines for Robot-to-Human Handshake From the Movement Nuances in Human-to-Human Handshake
Authors: Cabibihan John-John , El-Noamany Ahmed , Ahmed Abdelrahman Mohamed Ragab M. , Ang Marcelo H. 
Published: March 2022

The handshake is the most acceptable gesture of greeting in many cultures throughout many centuries. To date, robotic arms are not capable of fully replicating this typical human gesture. Using multiple sensors that detect contact forces and displacements, we characterized the movements that occured during handshakes. A typical human-to-human handshake took around 3.63 s (SD = 0.45 s) to perform. It can be divided into three phases: reaching (M = 0.92 s, SD = 0.45 s), contact (M = 1.96 s, SD = 0.46 s), and return (M = 0.75 s, SD = 0.12 s). The handshake was further investigated to understand its subtle movements. Using a multiphase jerk minimization model, a smooth human-to-human handshake can be modelled with fifth or fourth degree polynomials at the reaching and return phases, and a sinusoidal function with exponential decay at the contact phase. We show that the contact phase (1.96 s) can be further divided according to the following subphases: preshake (0.06 s), main shake (1.31 s), postshake (0.06 s), and a period of no movement (0.52 s) just before both hands are retracted. We compared these to the existing handshake models that were proposed for physical human-robot interaction (pHRI). From our findings in human-to-human handshakes, we proposed guidelines for a more natural handshake movement between humanoid robots and their human partners.
Life Course Tobacco Smoking and Risk of HPV-Negative Squamous Cell Carcinomas of Oral Cavity in Two Countries
Authors: Madathil Sreenath , Rousseau Marie-Claude , Durán Doris , Alli Babatunde Y. , Joseph Lawrence , Nicolau Belinda 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTobacco smoking remains one of the major risk factors for oral cavity cancers (OCC), a subgroup of head and neck cancer (HNC) less attributed to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Although a strong dose-dependent association between tobacco smoking and OCC exists, several important questions on the age-dependent effects of this habit remain unanswered. We investigated which life course hypothesis best describes the association between tobacco smoking and HPV-negative (HPV−ve) OCC in Canada and India.MethodsWe used data from the HeNCe Life study, a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Canada and India, using similar protocols. Cases were newly diagnosed subjects with primary squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region. Control subjects were patients with non-cancer selected from various outpatient clinics in a hospital located in the same catchment area as the cases and frequency-matched to cases according to age and sex. We collected information on an array of life course exposures using a structured questionnaire with the help of a life grid. Tobacco exposure (pack-years) during three life periods (≤ 30, 31−50, and &gt;50 years of age) was calculated from the entire life course history of smoking. We used CDx brushes to collect oral exfoliated cells. Alpha HPV DNA detection and genotyping were performed for 36 HPV genotypes using the linear array. Participants who tested positive for HPV were excluded from the analysis. We used the Bayesian relevant life course exposure model (BRLM) to identify the life course hypothesis that best described the relationship between tobacco smoking and HPV−ve OCC.ResultsWe show evidence for a late-life sensitive period (&gt;50 years of age) for tobacco smoking in relation to the risk of HPV−ve OCC in both Canada and India. An increase of 1 pack-year of tobacco smoking increased the risk of OCC by ~3% in both countries.ConclusionOur findings from the Canadian and Indian data suggest that smoking tobacco after 50 years of age may carry a higher risk of developing oral cancer than earlier in life. Further studies are warranted to confirm the results.
Pattern-Based Augmented Reality Authoring Using Different Degrees of Immersion: A Learning Nugget Approach
Authors: Rau Linda , Döring Dagny C. , Horst Robin , Dörner Ralf 
Published: March 2022

Creating Augmented Reality (AR) applications can be an arduous process. With most current authoring tools, authors must complete multiple authoring steps in a time-consuming process before they can try their AR application and get a first impression of it. Especially for laypersons, complex workflows set a high barrier to getting started with creating AR applications. This work presents a novel authoring approach for creating mobile AR applications. Our idea is to provide authors with small, ready-to-use AR applications that can be executed and tested directly as a starting point. Authors can then focus on customizing these AR applications to their needs without programming knowledge. We propose to use patterns from application domains to further facilitate the authoring process. Our idea is based on the learning nugget approach from the educational sciences, where a nugget is a small and self-contained learning unit. We transfer this approach to the field of AR authoring and introduce an AR nugget authoring tool. The authoring tool provides pattern-based self-contained AR applications, called AR nuggets. AR nuggets use simple geometric objects to give authors an impression of the AR application. By replacing these objects and further adaptions, authors can realize their AR applications. Our authoring tool draws from non-immersive desktop computers and AR devices. It synchronizes all changes to an AR nugget both to an AR device and a non-immersive device. This enables authors to use both devices, e.g., a desktop computer to type text and an AR device to place virtual objects in the 3D environment. We evaluate our proposed authoring approach and tool in a user study with 48 participants. Our users installed the AR nugget authoring tool on their own devices, worked with it for 3 weeks, and filled out a questionnaire. They were able to create AR applications and found the AR nugget approach supportive. The users mainly used the desktop computer for the authoring tasks but found the synchronization to the AR device helpful to experience the AR nuggets at any time. However, the users had difficulties with some interactions and rated the AR nugget authoring tool in a neutral field.
ON ONE OF THE APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF THE FUTURE BACHELOR OF NATURAL SCIENCES AS A COMPETITIVE SPECIALIST
Authors: GRAMATIK N. 
Published: March 2022

Issues of professional training and the formation of a competent teacher of the New Ukrainian School are relevant in the context of educational European integration and require the introduction of scientific innovations that will increase the responsibility of each student for professional choice.
It is well known that competitiveness is a characteristic of the individual, expressed in the ability to survive and win the competition. And a competitive teacher is a person who, thanks to personal and professional qualities, can survive and win in competitive relations in the market of educational services.
Competition as a major form of organization of social and interpersonal interaction, primarily aimed at ensuring the quality of education, bringing educational systems closer to the parameters of European standards. That is why the formation of the competitiveness of the future bachelor of natural sciences is a priority of higher pedagogical education in Ukraine.
Given the above, the competitiveness of the future bachelor of natural science should be considered at two levels: personal (mobility, adaptability, communication, independence, adaptability, purposefulness, values and attitudes, critical thinking, ability to self-knowledge, self-development, and self-education) and professional (reflexivity, creativity, goal setting, forecasting, and design).
In addition, an important determinant of the competitiveness of the modern teacher of natural sciences is the ability to solve non-standard professional tasks, which is a necessary condition for self-realization in the profession, the discovery of potential and natural abilities.
Thus, the development of a competitive personality of a future teacher of natural sciences is the development of a reflective personality with positive psychoenergetic potential, able to organize, plan their activities and behaviour in dynamic situations, a person with a new style of thinking, unconventional approaches to problem-solving, adequate response in non-standard situations.
COMPLEX DIAGNOSIS OF THE LEVEL OF YOUNG TEENAGERS’ SPEECH COMPETENCE FORMATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF INCLUSIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: GRYNOVA M. , HUBAR O. 
Published: March 2022

The article considers the method of studying the state of young teenagers’ speech competence formation in an inclusive learning environment of primary school.
The content of the key diagnostic blocks meets the criteria and indicators of five key components of teenagers’ speech competence. A set of tasks that correspond to the structure of a given component of speech competence is identified for each of the indicators based on the analysis of secondary school programs in the subject ‘The Ukrainian language and literature’. The system of task assessment and evaluation of the speech competence level is revealed. The types, methods and tools included in the diagnostic process are offered. Participation in the process of diagnosing young teenagers with speech disorders of the team of specialists (support team), namely, a Ukrainian language teacher, a speech therapist, and a psychologist is substantiated.
The method of comprehensive diagnosis of the level of formation of speech competence of young adolescents was tested during a pedagogical experiment during the 2018-2020 school years and proved its effectiveness. This proves the need for its further implementation in the system of inclusive education in order to prevent complications in educational activities and the development of the personality of young adolescents with speech disorders.