bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model refinement increases confidence levels and clinical agreement when commissioning a three‐dimensional secondary dose calculation system
Authors: Bismack Brian , Dolan Jennifer , Laugeman Eric , Gopal Anant , Wen Ning , Chetty Indrin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeEvaluate custom beam models for a second check dose calculation system using statistically verifiable passing criteria for film analysis, DVH, and 3D gamma metrics.MethodsCustom beam models for nine linear accelerators for the Sun Nuclear Dose Calculator algorithm (SDC, Sun Nuclear) were evaluated using the AAPM‐TG119 test suite (5 Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and 5 Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) plans) and a set of clinical plans. Where deemed necessary, adjustments to Multileaf Collimator (MLC) parameters were made to improve results. Comparisons to the Analytic Anisotropic Algorithm (AAA), and gafchromic film measurements were performed. Confidence intervals were set to 95% per TG‐119. Film gamma criteria were 3%/3 mm (conventional beams) or 3%/1 mm (Stereotactic Radiosurgery [SRS] beams). Dose distributions in solid water phantom were evaluated based on DVH metrics (e.g., D95, V20) and 3D gamma criteria (3%/3 mm or 3%/1 mm). Film passing rates, 3D gamma passing rates, and DVH metrics were reported for HD MLC machines and Millennium MLC Machines.ResultsFor HD MLC machines, SDC gamma film agreement was 98.76% ± 2.30% (5.74% CL) for 6FFF/6srs (3%/1 mm), and 99.80% ± 0.32% (0.83% CL) for 6x (3%/3 mm). For Millennium MLC machines, film passing rates were 98.20% ± 3.14% (7.96% CL), 99.52% ± 1.14% (2.71% CL), and 99.69% ± 0.82% (1.91% CL) for 6FFF, 6x, and 10x, respectively. For SDC to AAA comparisons: HD MLC Linear Accelerators (LINACs); DVH point agreement was 0.97% ± 1.64% (4.18% CL) and 1.05% ± 2.12% (5.20% CL); 3D gamma agreement was 99.97% ± 0.14% (0.30% CL) and 100.00% ± 0.02% (0.05% CL), for 6FFF/6srs and 6x, respectively; Millennium MLC LINACs: DVH point agreement was 0.77% ± 2.40% (5.47% CL), 0.80% ± 3.40% (7.47% CL), and 0.07% ± 2.15% (4.30% CL); 3D gamma agreement was 99.97% ± 0.13% (0.29% CL), 99.97% ± 0.17% (0.36% CL), and 99.99% ± 0.06% (0.12% CL) for 6FFF, 6x, and 10x, respectively.ConclusionSDC shows agreement well within TG119 CLs for film and redundant dose calculation comparisons with AAA. In some models (SRS), this was achieved using stricter criteria. TG119 plans can be used to help guide model adjustments and to establish clinical baselines for DVH and 3D gamma criteria.
ACT for Lupus: Pilot Feasibility and Acceptability Study of a Novel Web‐Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Program for Patients With Lupus
Authors: McCormick Emily M. , Englund Tessa R. , Cleveland Rebecca J. , Dickson Teresa A. , Schiller Crystal E. , Sheikh Saira Z. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveAcceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has demonstrated effectiveness in addressing symptoms of anxiety and depression, frequently experienced by patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The goal of this pilot study was to develop and assess the feasibility and acceptability of a novel web‐based ACT skills training program tailored for patients with lupus: ACT for Lupus. The program served as a complementary approach to support the management of symptoms and stressors during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThis study employed a single‐group pretest‐posttest design. Participants with a diagnosis of SLE were primarily recruited through an institutional healthcare system between November 25, 2020 and December 17, 2020 and through an online national lupus organization listserv. Participants were invited to attend two 1‐hour webinars delivered over a 2‐week period. Educational ACT‐based content was tailored for patients with lupus and delivered by an experienced clinical psychologist specializing in ACT. Surveys assessed patient‐reported outcomes of anxiety, depression, and quality of life and evaluated program feedback, usability, and satisfaction.ResultsA total of 83 participants submitted the baseline survey, with 21 participants designated as study completers. The program was well received by participants, who reported feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, as reflected by high usability ratings. Participants reported favorable experiences with the program. Feedback included suggestions to include additional lupus‐tailored content, increase the range and scope of sessions and activities, and improve program flexibility and availability to avoid scheduling conflicts.ConclusionThis study provides preliminary evidence for an adapted, ACT‐based virtual skills training program as a feasible and acceptable intervention to support the well‐being of patients with lupus.
Self‐Powered Visible‐Infrared Polarization Photodetection Driven by Ferroelectric Photovoltaic Effect in a Dion–Jacobson Hybrid Perovskite
Authors: Ye Huang , Peng Yu , Shang Xiaoying , Li Lina , Yao Yunpeng , Zhang Xinyuan , Zhu Tingting , Liu Xitao , Chen Xueyuan , Luo Junhua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFerroelectric materials, particularly the emerging layered hybrid ferroelectrics, have shown great potential for high‐sensitive polarization photodetection owing to their striking bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE). Despite recent great achievements, the linear photoresponse range based on single‐mode BPVE is still limited in the shortwave region due to the large intrinsic bandgaps. Herein, first, the realization of self‐powered visible–infrared polarization photodetection by exploiting dual‐modal BPVE in a newly developed layered Dion–Jacobson (D‐J) hybrid ferroelectric (BDA)(EA)2Pb3Br10 (1, BDA is 1,4‐butadiammonium, EA is ethylammonium) is reported. Crystallographic investigations indicate that 1 adopts a typical trilayered D‐J perovskite structure with a fascinating ferroelectric feature and a giant two‐photon absorption coefficient as giant as 4.73 cm MW–1. Meanwhile, the bulk single crystal device of 1 exhibits excellent self‐powered direct detection performance under both visible light (405 nm) and near‐infrared light (800 nm), with a current on/off ratio as high as 103. More intriguingly, the device displays high sensitivity to the polarization of illuminated light, showing a considerable anisotropy up to 4.2 (405 nm) and 4.8 (800 nm), which are much larger than the detectors achieved by geometry anisotropy. The realization of self‐powered visible‐infrared dual‐modal polarization photodetection in 1 indicates the tremendous potential of hybrid ferroelectrics in various optoelectronic applications.
Platelet Pharmacytes for the Hierarchical Amplification of Antitumor Immunity in Response to Self‐Generated Immune Signals
Authors: Yan Jing , Liu Xun , Wu Fan , Ge Chenglong , Ye Huan , Chen Xingye , Wei Yuansong , Zhou Renxiang , Duan Shanzhou , Zhu Rongying , Zheng Yiran , Yin Lichen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSystemic immunosuppression mediated by tumor‐derived exosomes is an important cause for the resistance of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Herein, self‐adaptive platelet (PLT) pharmacytes are engineered to mediate cascaded delivery of exosome‐inhibiting siRNA and anti‐PD‐L1 (aPDL1) toward synergized antitumor immunity. In the pharmacytes, polycationic nanocomplexes (NCs) assembled from Rab27 siRNA (siRab) and a membrane‐penetrating polypeptide are encapsulated inside the open canalicular system of PLTs, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)‐responsive aPDL1 nanogels (NGs) are covalently backpacked on the PLT surface. Upon systemic administration, the pharmacytes enable prolonged blood circulation and active accumulation to tumors, wherein PLTs are activated to liberate siRab NCs, which efficiently transfect tumor cells, silence Rab27a, and inhibit exosome secretion. The immunosuppression is thus relieved, leading to the activation, proliferation, and tumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T cells, which trigger latent aPDL1 release. As such, the competitive aPDL1 exhaustion by PD‐L1‐expressing exosomes is minimized to sensitize ICB. Synergistically, siRab and aPDL1 induce strong antitumor immunological response and memory against syngeneic murine melanoma. This study reports a bioinspired mechanism to resolve the blood circulation/cell internalization contradiction of polycationic siRNA delivery systems, and renders an enlightened approach for the spatiotemporal enhancement of antitumor immunity.
Molecular Layer Deposition of Thermally Stable Polybenzimidazole‐Like Thin Films and Nanostructures
Authors: Ghafourisaleh Saba , Hatanpää Timo , Vihervaara Anton , Mizohata Kenichiro , Vehkamäki Marko , Leskelä Markku , Putkonen Matti , Ritala Mikko 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe deposition of polybenzimidazole (PBI)‐like thin films by molecular layer deposition is reported here for the first time using isophthalic acid (IPA) and 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine (DAB) as monomers and trimethylaluminum (TMA) as a linker precursor. Two precursor pulsing sequences are tested, the ABCB (TMA + IPA + DAB + IPA) and ABC (TMA + IPA + DAB) type MLD processes result in different types of PBI‐like films. With the ABCB sequence thin film growth per cycle (GPC) of 6.0 Å is obtained at 225–280 °C, whereas GPC of 7.0 Å is obtained with the ABC sequence. Films are characterized in detail by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, time‐of‐flight elastic recoil detection analysis, and atomic force microscopy. The films have good thermal stability and withstand annealing at 400 °C in both air and nitrogen. PBI nanostructures are prepared by depositing PBI‐like film on electroblown polyvinylpyrrolidone fibers and removing the template fibers by annealing or dissolution into ethanol.
Polymer Components for Paper‐Based Analytical Devices
Authors: González del Campo Maríadel Mar , Vaquer Andreu , de la Rica Roberto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn recent years, paper has become an essential substrate material for developing different types of sensors, from wearable devices to single‐use test strips and biosensors. In parallel, a polymer‐based toolbox has emerged in order to add additional functions to these paper‐based analytical devices. In this article, examples are compiled from the recent literature showing microfluidic systems based on printing impermeable polymer barriers with different methods as well as the implementation of electrochemical, fluorescent, and colorimetric polymer‐based transducers in paper‐based analytical platforms. Externally actuated or dissolvable polymer valves and reservoirs, analyte concentrators, and separation devices, as well as polymer‐based recognition elements (molecularly imprinted polymers) printed on paper substrates are also reviewed. The search has revealed a plethora of possibilities for developing complex lab‐on‐chip devices implementing different polymer‐based components in them. The ability of patterning these polymers with common printing methods that do not require specialized facilities paves the way for mass producing this kind of advanced paper‐based analytical device.
Diffusion Limited Current Density: A Watershed in Electrodeposition of Lithium Metal Anode
Authors: Xu Xieyu , Jiao Xingxing , Kapitanova Olesya O. , Wang Jialin , Volkov Valentyn S. , Liu Yangyang , Xiong Shizhao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLithium metal is considered to be a promising anode material for high‐energy‐density rechargeable batteries because of its high theoretical capacity and low reduction potential. Nevertheless, the practical application of Li anodes is challenged by poor cyclic performance and potential safety hazards, which are attributed to non‐uniform electrodeposition of Li metal during charging. Herein, diffusion limited current density (DLCD), one of the critical fundamental parameters that govern the electrochemical reaction process, is investigated as the threshold of current density for electrodeposition of Li. The visualization of the concentration field and distribution of Faradic current density reveal how uniform electrodeposition of Li metal anodes can be obtained when the applied current density is below the DLCD of the related electrochemical system. Moreover, the electrodeposition of Li metal within broken solid electrolyte interphases preferentially occurs at the crack spots that are caused by the non‐uniform electrodeposition of Li metal. This post‐electrodeposition leads to more consumption of active Li when the applied current density is greater than the DLCD. Therefore, lowering the applied current density or increasing the DLCD are proposed as directions for developing advanced strategies to realize uniform electrodeposition of Li metal and stable interfaces, aiming to accelerate the practical application of state‐of‐the‐art Li metal batteries.
Direct Construction of Quinoxaline Derivatives from Vicinal Diols and o‐Nitroanilines via NaOH‐Mediated Intermolecular Cascade Redox and Annulation Reactions
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhu Boran , Zhang Xiaolan , Shi Guojun , Liu Jianping , Xu Qing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn alkali base, such as NaOH, alone can effectively mediate the intermolecular cascade redox and annulation reactions of o‐nitroanilines with vicinal diols, providing an efficient transition metal‐free method for direct construction of the useful quinoxaline derivatives. This method tolerates a wide range of substrates, can be readily performed in open air and scaled up for gram synthesis of several pharmaceutically and biologically active quinoxaline derivatives. Studies revealed that the nitro group works as the internal oxidant and the diols the reductant. Possible reaction paths were also proposed based on control reactions. For simple operation of the reactions, requiring no external reducing and oxidizing reagents, no inert atmosphere protection and no transition metal catalysts/ligands but only a water‐soluble alkali base, and having no transition metal residue contaminant in the products, this method may be a relatively greener and practical way for construction of the quinoxaline skeleton, especially for the pharmacy‐ or biology‐oriented quinoxaline derivatives.
Unsupported Nanoporous Palladium Catalyst for N‐Formylation of Amines Using CO2 as a Sustainable C1 Source
Authors: Wang Jixiao , Li Shihong , Wang Yunpeng , Feng Xiujuan , Yamamoto Yoshinori , Bao Ming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn efficient heterogeneous catalytic system for the N‐formylation of amines using CO2 as a sustainable C1 source was developed using unsupported nanoporous palladium (PdNPore). The PdNPore‐catalyzed N‐formylation of amines and CO2 with hydrosilane proceeded smoothly under mild reaction conditions to yield formamides in satisfactory to excellent yields. Various synthetically useful functional groups, such as halogen, hydroxyl, allyl, and cyano groups, remained intact during the N‐formylation of amines. No palladium leached from PdNPore during the hydrogenation reaction. Moreover, the catalyst was easily recovered and reused without any loss of catalytic activity. This study is the first to demonstrate that PdNPore catalyzed CO2 conversion to form C−N bond, which enriches the reaction types of CO2 conversion catalyzed by PdNPore catalyst.
Inequities in Therapy for Infantile Spasms: A Call to Action
Authors: Baumer Fiona M. , Mytinger John R. , Neville Kerri , Briscoe Abath Christina , Gutierrez Camilo A. , Numis Adam L. , Harini Chellamani , He Zihuai , Hussain Shaun A. , Berg Anne T. , Chu Catherine J. , Gaillard William D. , Loddenkemper Tobias , Pasupuleti Archana , Samanta Debopam , Singh Rani K. , Singhal Nilika S. , Wusthoff Courtney J. , Wirrell Elaine C. , Yozawitz Elissa , Knupp Kelly G. , Shellhaas Renée A. , Grinspan Zachary M. ,   Pediatric Epilepsy Research Consortium,   National Infantile Spasms Consortium
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether selection of treatment for children with infantile spasms (IS) varies by race/ethnicity.MethodsThe prospective US National Infantile Spasms Consortium database includes children with IS treated from 2012 to 2018. We examined the relationship between race/ethnicity and receipt of standard IS therapy (prednisolone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, vigabatrin), adjusting for demographic and clinical variables using logistic regression. Our primary outcome was treatment course, which considered therapy prescribed for the first and, when needed, the second IS treatment together.ResultsOf 555 children, 324 (58%) were non‐Hispanic white, 55 (10%) non‐Hispanic Black, 24 (4%) non‐Hispanic Asian, 80 (14%) Hispanic, and 72 (13%) other/unknown. Most (398, 72%) received a standard treatment course. Insurance type, geographic location, history of prematurity, prior seizures, developmental delay or regression, abnormal head circumference, hypsarrhythmia, and IS etiologies were associated with standard therapy. In adjusted models, non‐Hispanic Black children had lower odds of receiving a standard treatment course compared with non‐Hispanic white children (odds ratio [OR], 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20–0.89; p = 0.02). Adjusted models also showed that children with public (vs. private) insurance had lower odds of receiving standard therapy for treatment 1 (OR, 0.42; CI, 0.21–0.84; p = 0.01).InterpretationNon‐Hispanic Black children were more often treated with non‐standard IS therapies than non‐Hispanic white children. Likewise, children with public (vs. private) insurance were less likely to receive standard therapies. Investigating drivers of inequities, and understanding the impact of racism on treatment decisions, are critical next steps to improve care for patients with IS. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:32–44
Intrinsic Nonflammable Ether Electrolytes for Ultrahigh‐Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Chlorine Functionality
Authors: Tan Lijiang , Chen Shunqiang , Chen Yawei , Fan Jiajia , Ruan Digen , Nian Qingshun , Chen Li , Jiao Shuhong , Ren Xiaodi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe issues of inherent low anodic stability and high flammability hinder the deployment of the ether‐based electrolytes in practical high‐voltage lithium metal batteries. Here, we report a rationally designed ether‐based electrolyte with chlorine functionality on ether molecular structure to address these critical challenges. The chloroether‐based electrolyte demonstrates a high Li Coulombic efficiency of 99.2 % and a high capacity retention >88 % over 200 cycles for Ni‐rich cathodes at an ultrahigh cut‐off voltage of 4.6 V (stable even up to 4.7 V). The chloroether‐based electrolyte not only greatly improves electrochemical stabilities of Ni‐rich cathodes under ultrahigh voltages with interphases riched in LiF and LiCl, but possesses the intrinsic nonflammable safety feature owing to the flame‐retarding ability of chlorine functional groups. This study offers a new approach to enable ether‐based electrolytes for high energy density, long‐life and safe Li metal batteries.
Fluorescent Organic π‐Radicals Stabilized with Boron: Featuring a SOMO–LUMO Electronic Transition
Authors: Ito Masato , Shirai Shusuke , Xie Yongfa , Kushida Tomokatsu , Ando Naoki , Soutome Hiroki , Fujimoto Kazuhiro J. , Yanai Takeshi , Tabata Kenichi , Miyata Yasuo , Kita Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Shigehiro 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report on the fluorescence properties of a new class of emissive and stable π‐radicals that contain a boron atom at a position distant from the radical center. A fully planarized derivative exhibited an intense red fluorescence with high fluorescence quantum yields (ΦF >0.67) even in polar solvents. To elucidate the origin of this phenomenon, we synthesized another boron‐stabilized radical that contains a bulky aryl group on the boron atom. A comparison of these derivatives, as well as with conventional donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A)‐type emissive π‐radicals, unveiled several characteristic features in their photophysical properties. A theoretical analysis revealed that the SOMO–LUMO electronic transition generates an emissive D1 state. Unlike conventional D–π–A‐type π‐radicals, this state does not undergo significant structural relaxation. The boron‐stabilized π‐radicals demonstrated promising potential for organic light‐emitting diodes as an emitting material.
Efficacy of RNA interference using nanocarrier‐based transdermal dsRNA delivery system in the woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum
Authors: Guo Yi , Fan Yinjun , Teng Ziwen , Wang Lingyun , Tan Xiumei , Wan Fanghao , Zhou Hongxu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) is an essential approach for studying gene function and has been considered as a promising strategy for pest control. However, RNAi method has not been conducted in Woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann), one of the most damaging apple pests in the world. In the study, we investigated the efficacy of RNAi of V‐ATPase subunit D (ATPD), an efficacious target for RNAi in other insects, in E. lanigerum by a transdermal double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) delivery system with nanocarriers. Our results showed although topical application of dsATPD in E. lanigerum for 24 h produced 40.5% gene silencing, the additional help of nanocarriers extremely improved the interference efficiency with 98.5% gene silencing. Moreover, a 55.75% mortality was observed 5 days after topical application of nanocarriers and dsATPD, relative to the control (topical application of nanocarriers and double‐stranded green fluorescent protein [dsGFP]). The nanocarrier‐based transdermal dsRNA delivery system will promote the development of functional analysis of vital genes and also provide a potential target for RNAi‐based management of E. lanigerum.
SiCN Ceramics as Electrode Materials for Sodium/Sodium Ion Cells – Insights from 23Na In‐Situ Solid‐State NMR
Authors: Šić Edina , Melzi d'Eril Marco , Schutjajew Konstantin , Graczyk‐Zajac Magdalena J. , Breitzke Hergen , Riedel Ralf , Oschatz Martin , Gutmann Torsten , Buntkowsky Gerd 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPolymer‐derived silicon carbonitride ceramic (SiCN) is used as an electrode material to prepare cylindrical sodium/sodium ion cells for solid‐state NMR investigations. During galvanostatic cycling structural changes of the environment of sodium/sodium ions are investigated by applying 23Na in‐situ solid‐state NMR. Changes of the signals assigned to sodium metal, intercalated sodium cation and sodium cation originating from the electrolyte are monitored as well as the occurrence of an additional signal in the region of metallic sodium. The intensity of this additional signal changes periodically with the cycling process indicating the reversibility of structures formed and deformed during the galvanostatic cycling. To identify interactions of sodium/sodium ions with the SiCN electrode materials, the cycled SiCN material is studied by 23Na ex‐situ MAS NMR at high spinning rates of 20 and 50 kHz to obtain appropriate spectral resolution.
Case of possible encephalopathy following receiving the first dose of Iranian COVID‐19Vaccine; COVIran Barakat
Authors: Fallahi Mohammad Javad , Esmaeilzadeh Shahri Navid , Khodamoradi Zohre , Meymandi Nia Moazameh , Sehatpour Faezeh , Mahmoudi Laleh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report a case of possible encephalopathy after receiving the first dose of Iran's COVIran Barekat vaccine. The patient had no history of neurological or mental illness. Clinical examinations and radiology reports were performed and differential diagnoses were analyzed by the treatment team. Finally, the possible association between vaccination and encephalopathy was concluded.
On the edge—A diagnostic odyssey
Authors: McLean Hailey , Palmquist Rachel , Nadauld Lincoln D. , Malone Jenkins Sabrina , Bonkowsky Joshua , Filloux Francis 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe diagnostic odyssey of a child with epileptic encephalopathy was resolved by rapid whole genome sequencing. This identified a rare form of pyridoxine responsive epilepsy due to a pathogenic variant in PLPBP. Access to such potentially life‐changing diagnostic technology needs to expand in a thoughtful and equitable manner.