bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nickel Acetate-Assisted Graphitization of Porous Activated Carbon at Low Temperature for Supercapacitors With High Performances
Authors: Zhang Xiaohui , Qiu Zhian , Li Qingyu , Liang Libo , Yang Xiaofei , Lu Shaorong , Xiang Dinghan , Lai Feiyan 
Published: March 2022

Catalytic graphitization opens a route to prepare graphitic carbon under fairly mild conditions. Biomass has been identified as a potentially attractive precursor for graphitic carbon materials. In this work, corn starch was used as carbon source to prepare hollow graphitic carbon microspheres by pyrolysis after mixing impregnation with nitrate salts, and the surface of these carbon microspheres is covered with controllable pores structure. Under optimal synthesis conditions, the prepared carbon microspheres show a uniform pore size distribution and high degree of graphitization. When tested as electrode materials for supercapacitor with organic electrolyte, the electrode exhibited a superior specific capacitance of 144.8 F g−1 at a current density of 0.1 A g−1, as well as large power density and a capacitance retention rate of 93.5% after 1,000 cycles in galvanostatic charge/discharge test at 1.0 A g−1. The synthesis extends use of the renewable nature resources and sheds light on developing new routes to design graphitic carbon microspheres.
Vertical Slip Rates of Normal Faults Constrained by Both Fault Walls: A Case Study of the Hetao Fault System in Northern China
Authors: Xu Dongsheng , He Zhongtai , Ma Baoqi , Long Jianyu , Zhang Hao , Liang Kuan 
Published: March 2022

The slip rate is a fundamental kinematic parameter of active faults. Traditional methods using fault scarps or trenches may produce inaccurate estimates of a fault’s vertical slip rate. A normal fault’s vertical slip rate requires constraints from the hanging wall and footwall. Here, the vertical slip rate at each measuring point along the fault was calculated by the joint constraints of terraces in the footwall and boreholes in the hanging wall. Nine measuring points were selected along the Sertengshan piedmont fault. The vertical slip rates of this fault since 65 and 12 ka were 0.74–1.81 and 0.86–2.28 mm/a, respectively. Four measuring points were selected along the Wulashan piedmont fault. The vertical slip rates of this fault since 60 and 12 ka were 2.14–3.11 and 1.84–2.91 mm/a, respectively. Seven measuring points were selected along the Daqingshan piedmont fault; the vertical slip rates were 2.5–3.88 and 1.78–2.83 mm/a since 58 and 11 ka, respectively. Analysis of the slip rates, theelapsed timesince the last palaeoearthquake and the mean recurrence interval of palaeoearthquakes on each fault segment on the northern margin of the Hetao Basin suggests that the Langshankou and Hongqicun segments of the Sertengshan piedmont fault are at higher risk of earthquakes than the other segments. Among the fault segments of the Wulashan piedmont fault, the Baotou segment is at the highest seismic risk. The seismic risk of the Tuyouxi segment of the Daqingshan piedmont fault should not be ignored, and the Tuzuoxi, Bikeqi and Hohhot segments have high seismic risk. Based on the findings and a dynamic model of the formation and evolution of the Ordos block, it is concluded that the depositional centre of the Hetao Basin has tended to migrate from west to east. The vertical force generated by deep material movement is the dominant factor leading to a greater vertical slip rate in the eastern portion of the northern margin of the Hetao Basin. The modern stress field in the Hetao Basin results in an increase in the vertical slip rate of active faults from west to east along the northern margin of the basin.
Roles of Gastric Emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit Following Ileal Interposition in Alleviating Diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki Rats
Authors: Wang Yanmin , Guo Xiaomei , Sun Dong , Kassab Ghassan S. 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the change of gastrointestinal (GI) emptying time after ileal interposition (IT) and elucidate the role of altered GI peristalsis in diabetic control.Materials and MethodsTwelve male Goto-Kakizaki rats were randomly divided into IT and sham groups. Body weight and food intake were recorded. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and gastric emptying were measured at baseline and 4 and 8 weeks after operation. At 9 weeks postoperatively, the rats in the IT group were given atropine which can suppress the emptying of stomach and upper intestine, while sham rats were given metoclopramide (to expedite gastric emptying) for 1 week. At week 10 postoperatively, OGTT and GLP-1 were detected. The intestinal transit was tested at postoperative 12 weeks.ResultsNo differences were found between groups at baseline. After operation, the IT rats had lower body weight than sham rats. At 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, the IT group showed better OGTT and ITT, with significantly elevated GLP-1 relative to sham. After administration of the GI motility drugs, however, the effect of diabetic control for the two groups became similar. The GI transit after IT was significantly slower than sham at all tested time points.ConclusionsAlthough IT inhibits the GI transit time, the earlier interaction between undigested nutrients and interpositioned ileum promotes gut hormone secretion and thus reduces body weight and alleviates hyperglycemia. A decrease of GI transit of IT rats exacerbates the antidiabetic effects.
Performance of CO2 Foam Huff and Puff in Tight Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Shabib-Asl Abdolmohsen , Chen Shengnan (Nancy) , Zheng Sixu 
Published: March 2022

The challenges associated with unconventional reservoirs are related to their intrinsic nature: extremely low porosity and permeability. Combinations of horizontal wells and multistage hydraulic fracturing techniques have been developed to overcome the production obstacles and unlock the vast amount of oil in place in such formations. However, oil production still exhibits a sharp decline within the first 2 years after the stimulation, leading to an oil recovery of less than 15%. Thus, enhanced oil recovery methods need to be investigated to further increase the production rates and the recovery. In this study, laboratory experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to evaluate the performance of the CO2 foam huff and puff process and its impacts on oil recovery in tight oil formations. More specifically, the foam half-life was measured as a function of surfactant concentration and followed by the foam drainage ratio and its rheological properties in the subsequent tests. Reservoir simulations were conducted using the lab data and the field data collected from Cardium formation. Sensitivity analyses were finally carried out to investigate the effects of controlling variables on the CO2 foam performance. Experimental results revealed that the optimal surfactant concentration was found to be 0.2%, which is the critical micelle concentration point. Simulation results show that CO2 foam huff and puff can increase the oil recovery by more than 11% compared to that of the primary production. Moreover, sensitivity analyses show that the production time, injection time, and soaking time are the main effecting parameters, while the injection rate and the incremental injection rate are less important.
Impact of TOF on Brain PET With Short-Lived 11C-Labeled Tracers Among Suspected Patients With AD/PD: Using Hybrid PET/MRI
Authors: Wimalarathne D.D.N , Ruan Weiwei , Sun Xun , Liu Fang , Gai Yongkang , Liu Qingyao , Hu Fan , Lan Xiaoli 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of the time-of-flight (TOF) reconstruction on brain PET with short-lived 11C-labeled tracers in PET magnetic resonance (PET/MR) brain images among suspected patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease (AD/PD).MethodsPatients who underwent 11C-2-ß-carbomethoxy-3-b-(4-fluorophenyl) tropane (11C-CFT) and 2-(4-N-[11C] methylaminophenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole (11C-PiB) PET/MRI were retrospectively included in the study. Each PET LIST mode data were reconstructed with and without the TOF reconstruction algorithm. Standard uptake values (SUVs) of Caudate Nucleus (CN), Putamen (PU), and Whole-brain (WB) were measured. TOF and non-TOF SUVs were assessed by using paired t-test. Standard formulas were applied to measure contrast, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and percentage relative average difference of SUVs (%RAD-SUVs).ResultsTotal 75 patients were included with the median age (years) and body mass index (BMI-kg/m2) of 60.2 ± 10.9 years and 23.9 ± 3.7 kg/m2 in 11C-CFT (n = 41) and 62.2 ± 6.8 years and 24.7 ± 2.9 kg/m2 in 11C-PiB (n = 34), respectively. Higher average SUVs and positive %RAD-SUVs were observed in CN and PU in TOF compared with non-TOF reconstructions for the two 11C-labeled radiotracers. Differences of SUVmean were significant (p &lt; 0.05) in CN and PU for both 11C-labeled radiotracers. SUVmax was enhanced significantly in CN and PU for 11C-CFT and CN for 11C-PiB, but not in PU. Significant contrast enhancement was observed in PU for both 11C-labeled radiotracers, whereas SNR gain was significant in PU, only for 11C-PiB in TOF reconstruction.ConclusionTime-of-flight leads to a better signal vs. noise trade-off than non-TOF in 11C-labeled tracers between CN and PU, improving the SUVs, contrast, and SNR, which were valuable for reducing injected radiation dose. Improved timing resolution aided the rapid decay rate of short-lived 11C-labeled tracers, and it shortened the scan time, increasing the patient comfort, and reducing the motion artifact among patients with AD/PD. However, one should adopt the combined TOF algorithm with caution for the quantitative analysis because it has different effects on the SUVmax, contrast, and SNR of different brain regions.
Delirium and Anxiety Outcomes Related to Visiting Policy Changes in the Intensive Care Unit During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kim Bomi , Cho Jaehwa , Park Jin Young , Kim Hesun Erin , Oh Jooyoung 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of intensive care unit (ICU) visit on the incidence of delirium, delirium subtype, and anxiety level in ICU patients.MethodsTrained psychiatrists and nurses evaluated ICU patients for delirium, delirium subtypes, and anxiety. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to retrospectively analyze the data. Then, we compared the differences in the incidence of delirium, delirium subtypes, and anxiety level before and after the ICU visit ban. Logistic regression was conducted to identify the risk factors for delirium subtypes and high anxiety levels.ResultsAfter PSM, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of delirium between the non-visiting and restrictive visiting groups (non-visiting 27.4% versus restrictive visiting 30.9%, p = 0.162). The proportion of hyperactive and mixed subtypes was higher in the non-visiting than in the restrictive visiting group (non-visiting 35.3 and 30.1% versus restrictive visiting 27.7 and 20.1%, p = 0.002). The anxiety level was higher in the non-visiting than in the restrictive visiting group (state-trait anxiety inventory score: non-visiting 53.46 ± 4.58 versus restrictive visiting 52.22 ± 6.50, p = 0.009). Patients who stayed in the ICU during the visit ban were more likely to have hyperactive (p = 0.005) and mixed subtype (p = 0.001) than those who did not. Moreover, patients who stayed in the ICU during the visit ban were more likely to experience high anxiety levels than those who did not (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionProhibition of ICU visits during COVID-19 pandemic did not affect the incidence of delirium during COVID-19 but could change the delirium subtype and raise anxiety level. Moreover, visiting prohibition was a risk factor for non-hypoactive delirium subtype and high anxiety levels. Therefore, ICU visits are important in dealing with delirium subtypes and anxiety in ICU patients.
Does the Brush-Sign Reflect Collateral Status and DWI-ASPECTS in Large Vessel Occlusion?
Authors: Rascle Lucie , Bani Sadr Alexandre , Amaz Camille , Mewton Nathan , Buisson Marielle , Hermier Marc , Ong Elodie , Fontaine Julia , Derex Laurent , Berthezène Yves , Eker Omer Faruk , Cho Tae-Hee , Nighoghossian Norbert , Mechtouff Laura 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionThe relevance of the brush-sign remained poorly documented in large vessel occlusion (LVO). We aimed to assess the relationship between the brush-sign and collateral status and its potential impact on baseline diffusion-weighted imaging–Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (DWI-ASPECTS) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients eligible to mechanical thrombectomy (MT).MethodsConsecutive patients admitted in the Lyon Stroke Center with anterior circulation AIS due to intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) and/or M1 or M2 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion eligible for MT were included. The brush-sign was assessed on T2-gradient-echo MRI. Collateral status was assessed on digital subtraction angiography according to the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional Radiology (ASITN/SIR) score.ResultsIn this study, 504 patients were included, among which 171 (33.9%) patients had a brush-sign. Patients with a brush-sign more frequently had a poor collateral status [72 (42.1%) vs. 103 (30.9%); p = 0.017]. In univariable analysis, a DWI-ASPECTS &lt; 7 was associated with a brush sign. Following multivariable analysis, the brush-sign no longer affected DWI-ASPECTS &lt; 7 while the latter remained associated with younger age [odds ratio (OR) 0.97, 95% CI.96–0.99], male sex (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.08–2.99), a higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.1–1.21), a poor collateral status (OR 9.35, 95% CI 5.59-16.02), MCA segment (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.25–5.38), and intracranial ICA (OR 3.01, 95% CI 1.16–8) occlusion.Conclusions and RelevanceThe brush-sign may be a marker of poor collateral status but did not independently predict a lower DWI-ASPECTS.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04620642.
Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Used in Preoperative Screening of High-Risk Patients With Moyamoya Disease Who May Develop Postoperative Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome
Authors: Gao Feng , Zhao Wei , Zheng Yu , Duan Yu , Ji Ming , Lin Guangwu , Zhu Zhenfang 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the feasibility of preoperative intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MRI for the screening of high-risk patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) who may develop postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS).MethodsThis study composed of two parts. In the first part 24 MMD patients and 24 control volunteers were enrolled. IVIM-MRI was performed. The relative pseudo-diffusion coefficient, perfusion fraction, apparent diffusion coefficient, and diffusion coefficient (rD*, rf, rADC, and rD) values of the IVIM sequence were compared according to hemispheres between MMD patient and healthy control groups. In the second part, 98 adult patients (124 operated hemispheres) with MMD who underwent surgery were included. Preoperative IVIM-MRI was performed. The rD*, rf, rADC, rD, and rfD* values of the IVIM sequence were calculated and analyzed. Operated hemispheres were divided into CHS and non-CHS groups. Patients’ age, sex, Matsushima type, Suzuki stage, and IVIM-MRI examination results were compared between CHS and non-CHS groups.ResultsOnly the rf value was significantly higher in the healthy control group than in the MMD group (P &lt; 0.05). Out of 124 operated hemispheres, 27 were assigned to the CHS group. Patients with clinical presentation of Matsushima types I–V were more likely to develop CHS after surgery (P &lt; 0.05). The rf values of the ipsilateral hemisphere were significantly higher in the CHS group than in the non-CHS group (P &lt; 0.05). The rfD* values of the ACA and MCA supply areas of the ipsilateral hemisphere were significantly higher in the CHS group than in the non-CHS group (P &lt; 0.05). Only the rf value of the anterior cerebral artery supply area in the contralateral hemisphere was higher in the CHS group than in the non-CHS group (P &lt; 0.05). The rf values of the middle and posterior cerebral artery supply areas and the rD, rD*, and rADC values of the both hemispheres were not significantly different between the CHS and non-CHS groups (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionPreoperative non-invasive IVIM-MRI analysis, particularly the f-value of the ipsilateral hemisphere, may be helpful in predicting CHS in adult patients with MMD after surgery. MMD patients with ischemic onset symptoms are more likely to develop CHS after surgery.
A Predictive Nomogram for Lymph Node Metastasis in Supraglottic Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Song Lulu , Heng Yu , Hsueh Chi-Yao , Huang Huiying , Tao Lei , Zhou Liang , Zhang Ming 
Published: March 2022

PurposeLymph node metastasis (LNM) has a negative impact on the survival of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Supraglottic LSCC is the most common cause of cervical lymph node metastases due to the extensive submucosal lymphatic plexus. The accurate evaluation of LNM before surgery can inform improved decisions in the clinic. In this study, we aimed to construct a nomogram to predict LNM in primary supraglottic LSCC patients.MethodsThe data from 314 patients with clinico-pathological confirmed supraglottic LSCC who underwent partial or total laryngectomy in our department from 2016 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed (243 cases in the training set and 71 cases in the validation set). A multivariate logistic regression model was used to screen out independent risk factors and a nomogram was established. The accuracy and discrimination ability of the nomogram was evaluated using a consistency index and calibration curves.ResultsTumor size, tumor differentiation degree and LMR (lymphocyte-monocyte ratio) were selected to construct the nomogram. The C-index was 0.731 in the training set and 0.707 in the validation set. The calibration curves of the training and validation group both exhibited close agreement between the predicted and the actual presence of LNM.ConclusionsA nomogram was established based on routinely measured pretreatment variables and the predicted results improved the management of patients with LNM.
Comparison Between Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach (TOETVA) and Conventional Open Thyroidectomy for Patients Undergoing Total Thyroidectomy and Central Neck Dissection: A Propensity Score-Matching Analysis
Authors: Sun Haiqing , Wang Xiaojie , Zheng Guibin , Wu Guochang , Zeng Qingdong , Zheng Haitao 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundUse of the novel transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) is increasing worldwide. Although several studies have compared safety and efficacy of TOETVA and other approaches, most focused on comparisons in the context of unilateral thyroidectomy. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the safety and surgical completeness of TOETVA with conventional open thyroidectomy (COT) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) undergoing total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection.MethodsThe medical records of patients who underwent TOETVA or COT by a single surgeon between June 2017 and October 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were diagnosed with PTC and underwent total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection. Propensity score-matching (PSM) was used to reduce potential selection bias and to adjust for differences in baseline clinicopathological characteristics.ResultsAfter PSM, 84 (TOETVA: 28; COT: 56) patients remained in the study population. There were no significant differences in sex, mean age, combined thyroiditis, tumor size, capsule invasion, tumor multifocality in the same lobe, or tumor location between the groups. Operative time was longer (190.54 ± 28.26 vs. 123.93 ± 29.78 min, P&lt;0.001), while postoperative drainage volume (161.07 ± 225.30 vs. 71.16 ± 28.56 ml, P=0.045) was greater, in the TOETVA group than in the COT group. The groups exhibited no significant differences in the mean number of central lymph nodes retrieved (9.39 ± 4.01 vs. 10.71 ± 5.17, P=0.202), mean number of metastatic central lymph nodes (1.36 ± 1.93 vs. 1.77 ± 2.31, P=0.421), postoperative mean thyroglobulin levels (0.08 ± 0.24 vs. 0.10 ± 0.27, P=0.686), rate of transient hypoparathyroidism (TOETVA: 67.9% vs. COT: 66.1%, P=0.870), rate of transient vocal cord palsy (TOETVA: 0% vs. COT: 1.8%, P=1.000), or other complications (TOETVA: 3.6% vs. COT: 0%, P=0.333).ConclusionsTOETVA is a safe approach in select patients with PTC and exhibits similar efficacy to COT in terms of surgical completeness.
Heart Involvement in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome, Associated With COVID-19 in Children: The Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Data
Authors: Kostik Mikhail M. , Bregel Liudmila V. , Avrusin Ilia S. , Efremova Olesya S. , Belozerov Konstantin E. , Dondurei Elena A. , Kornishina Tatiana L. , Isupova Eugenia A. , Abramova Natalia N. , Felker Eugeniy Yu , Masalova Vera V. , Santimov Andrey V. , Kozlov Yuri A. , Barakin Alexander O. , Snegireva Ludmila S. , Konstantinova Julia , Vilnits Alla A. , Bekhtereva Maria K. , Argunova Vera M. , Matyunova Alla E. , Sleptsova Polina A. , Burtseva Tatyana E. , Shprakh Vladimir V. , Boyko Tatyana V. , Kalashnikova Olga V. , Chasnyk Vyacheslav G. 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesHeart involvement in multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 in children (MIS-C) is a new challenging problem, requiring fast and reliable diagnostics and appropriate treatment. The aim of this study is to describe heart involvement in patients with MIS-C.Study DesignIn this retrospective, multicenter cohort study, data of 122 patients were included. All patients met WHO and CDC criteria of MIS-C.ResultsVarious types of heart involvement in MIS-C patients were observed. Patients with solely coronary artery lesions (CAL, n = 10, 8.2%) had typical features of Kawasaki disease: younger age, thrombocytosis and normal ferritin level, without giant CA aneurysms, thrombosis, myocardial infarction, shock, and ICU admission. Patients with solely myocardial involvement (MI, n = 30, 24.6%) had an older onset age, elevated ferritin, LDH, the highest D-dimer, H score, and thrombocytopenia level. The following clinical signs were associated with MI: gastrointestinal and central nervous system disorder, sore throat, swelling face, splenomegaly, shock, and treatment in the intensive care unit required. Patients with a combination of CAL and MI (n = 10, 8.2%) had symptoms similar to patients with solely MI, except for impressive thrombocytopenia. Shock and ICU admission were found in 34.7% of patients without heart involvement (n = 72, 59%). One major criterion [troponin &gt; 32 pg/ml (52 points)] or at least two minor criteria [face swelling (32 points) and D-Dimer &gt; 1,300 ng/ml (29 points)] were associated with MI (&gt;32 points) with a sensitivity of 67.5% and a specificity of 88.9%.ConclusionThe above-suggested criteria can be added to routine diagnostic procedures to confirm MI in MIS-C patients.