bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vertical profiles of cloud condensation nuclei number concentration and its empirical estimate from aerosol optical properties over the North China Plain
Authors: Zhang Rui , Wang Yuying , Li Zhanqing , Wang Zhibin , Dickerson Russell R. , Ren Xinrong , He Hao , Wang Fei , Gao Ying , Chen Xi , Xu Jialu , Cheng Yafang , Su Hang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. To better understand the characteristics of aerosol activation ability and optical properties, a comprehensive airborne campaign was conducted over the North China Plain (NCP) from 8 May to 11 June 2016. Vertical profiles of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number concentration (NCCN) and aerosol optical properties were measured simultaneously. Seventy-two-hour air mass back trajectories show that during the campaign, the measurement region was mainly influenced by air masses from the northwest and southeast. Air mass sources, temperature structure, anthropogenic emissions, and terrain distribution are factors influencing NCCN profiles. Cloud condensation nuclei spectra suggest that the ability of aerosol to activate into CCN is stronger in southeasterly air masses than in northwesterly air masses and stronger in the free atmosphere than near the surface. Vertical distributions of the aerosol scattering Ångström exponent (SAE) indicate that aerosols near the surface mainly originate from primary emissions consisting of more fine particles. The long-distance transport decreases SAE and makes it vary more in the free troposphere than near the surface. To parameterize NCCN, the equation NCCN=10β⋅σγ is used to fit the relationship between NCCN and the aerosol scattering coefficient (σ) at 450 nm. The fitting parameters β and γ have linear relationships with the SAE. Empirical estimates of NCCN at 0.7 % water vapor supersaturation (SS) from aerosol optical properties are thus retrieved for the two air masses: NCCN=10-0.22⋅SAE+2.39⋅σ0.30⋅SAE+0.29 for northwesterly air masses and NCCN=10-0.07⋅SAE+2.29⋅σ0.14⋅SAE+0.28 for southeasterly air masses. The estimated NCCN at 0.7 % SS agrees with that measured, although the performance differs between low and high concentrations in the two air masses. The results highlight the important impact of aerosol sources on the empirical estimate of NCCN from aerosol optical properties.
The influence of sedimentary heterogeneity on the diffusion of radionuclides in the sandy facies of Opalinus Clay at the field scale
Authors: Chen Chaofan , Yuan Tao , Lu Renchao , Fischer Cornelius , Kolditz Olaf , Shao Haibing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Radionuclide migration in clay-rich formations is typically dominated by diffusion considering the low permeability of these formations. An accurate estimation of radionuclide migration in host rocks using numerical tools plays a key role in the safety assessment of disposal concepts for nuclear waste. In the sandy facies of the Opalinus Clay (SF-OPA), the spatial variability of the pore space network and compositional heterogeneity at the pore scale (nm to µm) cause heterogeneous diffusion at the core scale (cm to dm). Such heterogeneous diffusion patterns affect the migration of radionuclides in various sedimentary layers even above the core scale (m).
In this work, we study the heterogeneous diffusion of cations based on a two-dimensional (2D) structural model at the m-scale. As key parameters for the diffusive transport calculation, the effective diffusion coefficients in different sedimentary layers are quantified based on our previous developed up-scaling workflow from pore- to core-scale simulation combined with the multi-scale digital rock models. The heterogeneous effective diffusivities are then implemented into the large-scale structural model for diffusive transport simulation using the FEM-based OpenGeoSys-6 simulator. The sensitivity analysis focuses on the effects of the SF-OPA bedding angle and the effect of different layer-succession layout with different canister emplacement on the spatio-temporal evolution of radionuclide diffusion front line.
Results show that the moving distance of the diffusion front is farther away from the canister center, along the direction with the neighboring layer having lower diffusion coefficient within the total simulation time of 2000 years. When the bedding angle increases, the diffusion front moves farther in in vertical upward direction direction, which has less retardation effect for the radionuclide from the ground surface point. For different layer-succession layout with different canister emplacement, the smallest migration distance of the diffusion front line is 1.65 m. Within 2000 years, for the conceptual model 2B that the canister is emplaced in the layer with the highest diffusivity coefficient, the diffusion front can migrate 0.19 m farther along vertical downward direction due to the influence of the neighboring layer.
The numerical results provide insight into the effects of rocks heterogeneity on diffusion of radionuclides, contributing to enhanced long-term predictability of radionuclide migration in SF-OPA as potential host rock for a deep geological repository.
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS DENGAN KAIDAH QAWAIDUL I’LAL KELAS 2 ULA PUTRI DI MADRASAH DINIYAH PONDOK PESANTREN MATHOLI’UL ANWAR SIMO
Authors: Umroh Ida Latifatul , Jannah Anis Mirwahatul 
Published: November 2022

Keterampilan menulis adalah keterampilan yang kurang difahami oleh peserta didik di pondok pesantren Matholi’ul Anwar. Oleh karena itu, peneliti memberikan pembelajaran menulis bahasa Arab dengan menerapkan kaidah Qawa’idul I’lal untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas penerapan pembelajaran keterampilan menulis bahasa Arab dengan kaidah Qawa’idul I’lal kelas 2 ULA putri di madrasah diniyah pondok pesantren matholi’ul anwar . Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian populasi karena subjeknya tidak terlalu banyak. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan tiga teknik yakni dokumentasi, wawancara dan tes. Sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan penyajian informasi dengan rumus statistik deskriptif dan uji prasyarat analisis meliputi uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uji hipotesis. Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat diketahui bahwa hasil analisis Uji Normalitas menunjukkan nilai signifikasi post-test yaitu 0,107. Hasil analisis Uji Homogenitas menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikasi post-test yaitu 0,794. Dan pada uji hipotesis diketahui nilai sig (2-tailed) atau adalah . Ini berarti bahwa nilai kurang dari taraf signifikan 5%. Dengan ini diketahui bahwa metode Qawa’idul I’lal dapat meningkatkan penguasaan kemampuan menulis siswa kelas 2 Ula putri Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Matholi’ul Anwar Simo
تحليل الأخطاء الإملائية لدى طلاب الفصل السابع في مادة اللغة العربية بالمدرسة الثانوية معارف كليغو فونوروكو العام الدراسي 2021 – 2022
Authors: Mulyanto Dedi , Fidin Rufhan Fidin 
Published: November 2022

: إنّ الحروف تقوم دورا فعالا ومهما في الربط بين المعنى وتوضيحها في اللغة العربية، في هذا البحث بحث الباحث عن تحليل الأخطاء في الكتابة الإملائية. الإملاء هو علم يبحث عن كيفية طريقة الكتابة الصحيحة بناء علي القواعد التي قد اتفق عليها من قبل اللغويين. يقوم ذالك هذا البحث بمسائل الطلاب التي وجده الباحث في المدرسة الثانوية معارف كليغو فونوروكو العام الدراسي 2021-2022. المسائل التي وجده الباحث منها استعمال القواعد اللغوية، وبالخصوص في كتابة اللغة العربية الصحيحة. وهذا دليل علي أنهم يواجهون صعوبة في استخدام وتطبيق القواعد الإملائية الذي اتفق اللغويون. هدف هذا البحث: 1) معرفة أسباب وأشكال الأخطاء الموجودة في كتابة اللغة العربية طلاب الفصل السابع بمدرسة الثانوية معارف كليغو فونوروكو. 2) معرفة حلول الأخطاء الإملائية في مادة اللغة العربية طلاب الفصل السابع بالمدرسة الثانوية معارف كليغو فونوروكو. إنّ هذا البحث العلمي هو البحث من نوع البحث الكيفي، وللحصول على البيانات اللازمة استخدم الباحث أسلوب الملاحظة والمقابلات والتوثيق. واستخدم الباحث تحليل البيانات من Miles & Hubermen لتحليل البيانات الذي يتضمن 3 خطوات في البحث، وهي: تحليل البيانات، وعرض البيانات، والإستنباط. فالنتيحة من هذا البحث هي:أ) الأخطاء الإملائية لدى طلاب الفصل السابع في مادة اللغة العربية بالمدرسة الثانوية معارف كليغو فونوروكو سبعة أنواع، وهي: 1) استعمال الألف واللام2) حذف الألف، 3) زيادة الألف، 4) حذف الياء، 5) زيادة الياء، 6) بعض الأحرف، 7) التاء المفتوحة والتاء المربوطة،. وأسباب الأخطاء الإملائية هي الجهل بالقاعدة وقيودها. ب) حلول الأخطاء لدى طلاب الفصل السابع في مادة اللغة العربية بالمدرسة الثانوية معارف كليغو فونوروكو هي تحسين المستوى المدرسين في تعليم الدروس اللغوية عموما والإملاء خصوصا
SUB-GENRES MILITARY LITERATURE IN CHINESE LITERATURE
Authors: Goan Gunawan Hin , HS AINANI TAJRIYANI 
Published: November 2022

Chinese literature has various genres, one of which is Military Literature. The short story entitled Sabuk Tentara Rusia by Ma Xiaoli is a text that tells about the relationship between the Russian Army and the Chinese Army and shows the cultural differences between the two countries. The analysis with the modern semiotic approach used in this study succeeded in mapping the elements of the Military Literature sub-genre in Ma Xiaoli's Sabuk Tentara Rusia in detail and comprehensively, and was able to confirm that the text is part of the Military Literature sub-genre in Chinese literature.
Emotional Expression of the Interjection 哎呀 Aiya
Authors: Aulia Rafidah , Sutami Hermina 
Published: November 2022

Interjection has no concrete meaning like noun, verb, nor adjective. It appears in spoken language to express one’s emotion in a certain condition or situation. The interjection 哎呀 aiya is one of the most frequently used interjection in modern Chinese. Concerning哎呀, Oxford Concise Chinese Dictionary (2010:1) only mentions that 哎呀is used to express surprise or discontent. We presume that there are more emotions available to be expressed. Based on the lack of types of emotions in the Chinese dictionary, the aim of this research is to examine kinds of emotions by analyzing the spoken language from a Chinese drama. The data is taken from dialogues containing 哎呀. This allows the researchers to observe the types of positive and negative emotions of 哎呀 in detail. This research uses Paolo Santangelo’s theory of emotion. He classifies emotions into 5 categories: (1) positive expectation and interaction, (2) satisfactory affects, (3) negative projection, (4) aggressive-opposing emotions, and (5) unsatisfactory affects. The method used to ascertain the type of emotions is done by considering the context where 哎呀appeared. From the context, it will determine the type of emotions. The result shows that the interjection 哎呀can express 5 types of emotions, such as hope, empathy, surprise, happiness, satisfy, worry, fear, angry, etc. The novelty of this research is to give types of emotions in detail.
DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION APPLIED TO A CRIMINOLOGICAL MODEL FOR REDUCING THE SPREAD OF SOCIETAL CORRUPTION
Authors: Islam Kazi Nusrat , Parvin Tahera , Biswas Md. Haider Ali 
Published: November 2022

Corruption is rapidly affecting any country’s economic, democratic, financial, social, and political stability. It has been a consistent social phenomenon that happens in all civilizations. Only in the last 20 years has this phenomenon been given serious attention. It has different forms and different impacts on the economy as well as society as a whole. Economic growth is slowed by corruption, which also has a detrimental effect on business operations, employment, and investment. Additionally, it has a detrimental effect on tax revenues as well as the effectiveness of various financial aid programs. So, it is necessary to reduce this global problem. For this reason, we propose a nonlinear deterministic model for the transmission dynamics of societal corruption in terms of optimal control problem, using two time-dependent controls namely the efforts aimed at preventing corruption through the use of social networks, media, and social organizations; including a strong and effective anti-corruption policy, and also the attempt to encourage the punishment of corrupt people to analyze the model. The goal of this study is to reduce the problem of corruption. The results show that our proposed model can help to alleviate this social issue. Our findings also reveal that by using both control strategies instead of just one we get a more effective result. Overall, this research suggests that the impact of corruption can be reduced by implementing anti-corruption media and advertising campaigns, as well as exposing corrupted people to jail and punishing them.
David marine, el patólogo que lideró la erradicación mundial del bocio endémico
Authors: Jácome Roca Alfredo 
Published: November 2022

Propósito: La presente revisión narrativa tiene como propósito destacar los trabajos de David Marine sobre la importancia de la administración crónica de yodo en dosis adecuadas (usando la sal de cocina como vehículo), en la prevención del bocio endémico.
Contenidos: El contenido describe la vida y logros del patólogo americano David Marine (1880 –1976), recordado por un exitoso estudio clínico bien diseñado, que con su asistente O.P.Kimball, mostró el efecto del yodo suministrado a un numeroso grupo de estudiantes del sexo femenino en la ciudad de Akron, Ohio, desde 1917 hasta 1922. Se redujo en gran manera el desarrollo de bocio en la población estudiada.
Contribuciones: Sus estudios estimularon el desarrollo del programa actual de consumo universal de sal yodada para erradicar la endemia bociosa, Este programa fue proyectado en 1960 por la Organización Mundial de la Salud.
Evaluating Databases With Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Program Information
Authors: Bernstein Sophie L. , Wei Chapman , Gu Alex , Fufa Duretti , Levine William N. 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
Orthopaedic surgery residency applicants submit more applications than ever before. While this issue is multifactorial, increased information and transparency regarding residency programs are important. This study aimed to evaluate the completeness and variability of the information that is currently available regarding orthopaedic residency programs on two publicly available databases, the Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA) and the newly created Orthopaedic Residency Information Network (ORIN).

Methods:
Orthopaedic surgery residency programs were identified and evaluated using FREIDA and ORIN on September 11, 2021. Information on the FRIEDA and ORIN databases were evaluated in the following categories: program overview, the residency application, and education information. Univariate statistical analysis was performed on the data.

Results:
Of the 194 programs that participated in the FREIDA database, over 48% failed to include basic program information including resident demographics and key application information including USMLE Step requirements. Of the 141 programs that participated in the ORIN database, most the programs did not report USMLE Step median and cutoff scores and clerkship grades. Depending on the database and type of information, factors including the program's National Institutes of Health funding, reputation, size, and type were associated with the availability of information.

Conclusion:
This study showed that while most orthopaedic surgery residency programs participate in FREIDA and ORIN, the information included was highly variable and incomplete for nearly all programs. Improving the completeness of information in these databases has the potential to allow students to make more informed application decisions.
Halal Label Perception Towards Purchase Decision of Imported Processed Food Products for Muslim Gen Z
Authors: Nursyamsiah Tita , Syahida Rohmah Naila , Hasanah Qoriatul 
Published: November 2022

Nowadays, imported processed food products are increasingly distributed in Indonesia, however not all of them have been halal labelled. Due to this condition, Muslim consumers need to increase selectivity in buying imported processed food products which guaranteed the halal status and suitable for consumption. This study aims to analyze the effect of religiosity, reference group, income, lifestyle, and perceptions of halal labels on purchasing decision of imported processed food products in 100 respondents of Generation Z Muslim who lived at Bogor Regency. This study used descriptive analysis method and data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results of this study indicate that the reference group, income, lifestyle, and perception of the halal label had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decision of imported processed foods.
Prevalence of intestinal parasites, Salmonella and Shigella species among food handlers working in a tertiary care hospital of South India
Authors: Jothi Lalithambigai , Manjuladevi Moonishaa , Asaithambi Anupriya , Rajagopal Saraswathi , Nagarajan Prabhusaran 
Published: November 2022

Background: Infected food handlers act as potential sources of food borne illnesses. Consequences of such outbreaks in healthcare settings are more severe affecting their vulnerable sick patients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites, Salmonella and Shigella species, and associated risk factors in our hospital food handlers in this cross-sectional study.
Materials and Methods: Data on sociodemographic details, past medical illness, hygiene awareness practices, occupational prophylaxis undertaken were collected from 110 food handlers in hospital kitchen area. Their stool samples were collected for microbiological analyses of common intestinal parasites using saline and Lugol’s iodine wet mount preparations. Stool samples were inoculated onto Selenite F broth and subcultured onto Nutrient agar, MacConkey’s agar, Salmonella Shigella agar for isolation of Salmonella, Shigella species. Chi-square test and Odds ratio were used to determine risk factors in infected food handlers.
Results: Only 4 (3.6%) food handlers were positive for intestinal parasites of Entamoeba histolytica (1.8%), Ascaris lumbricoides (0.9%) and Giardia lamblia (0.9%). None had Salmonella or Shigella species isolated from stool culture. All infected food handlers were aged over 50 years. Noncompliance to hand hygiene standards and illiteracy rates raised above 50 years.
Conclusion: The negligible prevalence of intestinal parasites, Salmonella and Shigella species in food handlers testify our efficient hospital infection control program. Age over 50 years, uneducated and incompetent in hand hygiene practices were predominant risk factors for IPI. Scrupulous occupational health screening and trainings targeting high risk food handlers above 50 years of age, could prevent enteric pathogen spread in healthcare settings.
Online Gaming Addiction Factors Among TAR UC Students in KL
Authors: Lim Sandy 
Published: November 2022

Online gaming as popular digital entertainment is well-received by people worldwide, including university students. Consequently, addiction to online gaming is worrying, and this issue has received significant attention. We collected and analysed primary data to reveal the factors relating to online gaming addiction. We performed a bivariate correlation test to examine the relationship between online games addictions with the characteristics of depression, loneliness, motivation for escapism and motivation for achievement on the 118 responses that we collected from online questionnaires. We also calculated Cohen's effect size, f2, for each path. The results show that those identified factors positively correlate with online game addiction with a large effect size.
Sociale media en het medisch tuchtrecht: van casuïstische lessen naar praktische vuistregels
Authors: Pronk S.A. , ten Hoopen M.M. , Gorter S.L. , Duijst W.L.J.M. , van Mook W.N.K.A. 
Published: November 2022

Sociale media en het medisch tuchtrecht: van casuïstische lessen naar praktische vuistregels
Van medische beroepsbeoefenaars wordt verwacht dat zij zich professioneel gedragen, zowel in de fysieke als in de onlinewereld. Deze bijdrage gaat in op de jurisprudentie van de tuchtcolleges voor de gezondheidszorg waarin het gedrag van beroepsbeoefenaars op sociale media een rol speelde. Uit deze uitspraken worden lessen voor de medische praktijk getrokken.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENGHAMBAT PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN PADA SISWA KELAS I SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 104204 SAMBIREJO TIMUR TAHUN AJARAN 2022/2023
Authors: Dewi Nurhasanah Nasution  , Nora Nasution  , Jimmi Morgan Sihombing  
Published: November 2022

Membaca permulaan merupakan tahapan proses belajar membaca bagi siswa sekolah dasar kelas awal. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penghambat pembelajaran membaca permulaan siswa kelas 1 Sekolah Dasar Negeri 104204 Sambirejo Timur Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023, dan untuk mengetahui apa saja upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi hambatan pembelajaran membaca permulaan pada siswa kelas 1 Sekolah Dasar Negeri 104204 Sambirejo Timur Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas 1 Sekolah Dasar Negeri 104204 Sambirejo Timur Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan data yang didapat peneliti, maka hasil penelitian adalah masik terdapat siswa yang mengalami kesulitan membaca dan terdapat faktor-faktor penghambat pembelajaran membaca permulaan yaitu diantaranya faktor dari diri siswa itu sendiri yaitu siswa masik mengeja dan belum mampu membaca dengan lancar dan tuntas. Dan faktor penghambat lainnya yaitu faktor lingkungan termasuk orang tua.
MAIN DIRECTIONS FOR THE APPLICATION OF THERAPEUTIC HYBERNATION IN CLINICAL AND MILITARY MEDICINE (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Ким Алексей Евгеньевич , Ганапольский Вячеслав Павлович , Головко Константин Петрович , Шустов Евгений Борисович 
Published: November 2022

В статье представлен анализ направлений повышения жизнеспособности тканей в условиях критической гипоксии, связанных со снижением потребности клеток в кислороде. Реализация этих направлений гипобиоза сопряжена либо со снижением температуры органов и тканей, либо с индукцией механизмов торможения метаболизма и энергетического обмена, усиливающих эффекты управляемой гипотермии. Представлены основные биологические и патофизиологические закономерности, характеризующие состояния тканевой гипотермии различной степени выраженности. Приведены основные научные и технические решения, направленные на формирование у людей состояния управляемой гипотермии (искусственной гибернации) при критических состояниях, включая способы и устройства охлаждения организма, составы и перспективные направления развития фармакологической группы перфузирующих гипотермических растворов, средств индукции гибернации, устройств и способов криоконсервации органов и тканей для трансплантологии.
The article presents an analysis of ways to increase the viability of tissues under conditions of critical hypoxia, associated with a decrease in the oxygen demand of cells. The implementation of these directions of hypobiosis is associated either with a decrease in the temperature of organs and tissues, or with the induction of mechanisms of inhibition of metabolism and energy metabolism, which enhance the effects of controlled hypothermia. The main biological and pathophysiological patterns that characterize the state of tissue hypothermia of varying severity are presented. The main scientific and technical solutions aimed at creating a state of controlled hypothermia (artificial hibernation) in people under critical conditions are given, including methods and devices for cooling the body, compositions and promising directions for the development of a pharmacological group of perfusing hypothermic solutions, means of hibernation induction, devices and methods for cryopreservation of organs. and tissues for transplantation.