bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Rostocker Methode zur qualitativen und quantitativen Bewertung von Intraokularlinsen
Authors: Elsner Ricardo , Sievers Jan , Kunert Martin , Reiss Stefan , Bohn Sebastian , Schünemann Melanie , Stolz Heinrich , Guthoff Rudolf , Stachs Oliver , Sperlich Karsten 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Zur quantitativen und qualitativen Bewertung der Abbildungseigenschaften von IOLs können mittels einer optischen Bank axiale Querschnittsbilder aus der 3-dimensionalen
Lichtverteilung erstellt werden, wie sie von Lichtblattaufnahmen in Fluoresceinbädern bekannt sind. In dieser Arbeit wird ein neuer Bildverarbeitungsalgorithmus zur Verbesserung der Qualität
solcher generierten axialen Querschnittsbilder vorgestellt und beide Methoden werden miteinander verglichen.
Material und Methoden Die 3-dimensionale Punktspreizfunktion einer diffraktiven trifokalen IOL (AT LISA tri 839MP, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Deutschland) wurde an einer in Rostock
entwickelten optischen Bank für unterschiedliche Pupillendurchmesser aufgenommen. Anschließend wurde ein speziell angepasster Bildverarbeitungsalgorithmus auf die Messungen angewandt, der
die Generierung von Durchfokuskurven erlaubt. Zusätzlich wurden Querschnittsbilder der untersuchten IOL unter Verwendung der Lichtblattmethode in einem Fluoresceinbad aufgenommen.
Ergebnisse Die Studie zeigt deutlich die Überlegenheit der neu entwickelten Methode in Bezug auf die Bildqualität gegenüber der Lichtblattmethode. Neben den einzelnen Fokuspunkten
können in den Querschnittsbildern der neuen Methode sowohl feine Fokusstrukturen als auch Halos sichtbar gemacht werden. In den generierten Durchfokuskurven lassen sich 3 Intensitätsspitzen
erkennen, die den Nah-, Intermediär- und Fernfokus der getesteten MIOL darstellen und mittels Lichtblattmethoden nicht darstellbar sind.
Schlussfolgerung Das Zusammenspiel der optischen Bank mit dem entwickelten Bildverarbeitungsalgorithmus ermöglicht ein detaillierteres Verständnis der Bildentstehung und
Falschlichterscheinungen von IOLs, was mit der bisherigen Lichtblattmethode aufgrund technischer Beschränkungen nur begrenzt möglich war. Darüber hinaus lassen sich weitere Größen wie z. B.
die Durchfokuskurve quantitativ ableiten.
Psychische Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen
Authors: Lenhartz Henning 
Published: December 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGKinder und Jugendliche mit chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen gehören durch Schmerzen und schambesetzte Symptome (Diarrhö, Blut im Stuhl, Meteorismus) ihrer Magen-Darm-Erkrankung zu einer besonderen Risikogruppe in Bezug auf eine Einschränkung der (gesundheitsbezogenen) Lebensqualität und eine psychische Komorbidität. Es besteht ein komplexes System an Wechselwirkungen zwischen Krankheitsaktivität (hier insbesondere Schmerz), psychischen Störungen wie Depression, Ängstlichkeit und Anpassungsstörungen, Lebensqualität und Resilienz. Dieses sollte bei Routinekontrollen allgemein, aber insbesondere auch bei Diskordanz zwischen Krankheitsaktivität und Lebensqualität erfasst und behandelt werden.
以電影為素材進行跨校跨文化交際
Authors: Huang Tiao-Guan , Liu Liang Yin , Chen Yafen , Wang Zhuoyi 
Published: December 2022

抽象的
本文旨在介紹一次以「生死觀」為主題的包含5C特徵的實驗性跨校交流活動。「死亡」是華人文化的禁忌之一，對面死亡的態度、與死亡相關的文化現象和產物…等，既有文化普遍性，也有文化獨特性，是值得中文學習者學習的文化內容。本文作者為CLTA中文電影教學興趣小組(2016年成立）成員，分別任教於美國三所大學，於2020年春季學期Covid-19疫情初起時，分別使用電影《別告訴她》（英文：The
Farewell）與《生生》（英文：Sen
Sen）於課堂上，繼而合作規劃一次跨校的文化交流活動。該交流活動基於差異化教學、近側發展區間、鷹架與可理解輸入理論而設計，利用數位工具進行非同步與同步跨校交流，交流結果既強化參與交流之學生的語言能力，亦深化其學習中文和中華文化的動機和興趣。
Multi-material inverse design of soft deformable bodies via functional optimization
Authors: Awasthi Chaitanya , Lamperski Andrew , Kowalewski Timothy M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Controlling the deformation of a soft body has potential applications in fields requiring precise control over the shape of the body. Areas such as medical robotics can use the shape control of soft robots to repair aneurysms in humans, deliver medicines within the body, among other applications. However, given known external loading, it is usually not possible to deform a soft body into arbitrary shapes if it is fabricated using only a single material. In this work, we propose a new physics-based method for the computational design of soft hyperelastic bodies to address this problem. The method takes as input an undeformed shape of a body, a specified external load, and a user desired final shape. It then solves an inverse problem in design using nonlinear optimization subject to physics constraints. The nonlinear program is solved using a gradient-based interior-point method. Analytical gradients are computed for efficiency. The method outputs fields of material properties which can be used to fabricate a soft body. A body fabricated to match this material field is expected to deform into a user-desired shape, given the same external loading input. Two regularizers are used to ascribe a priori characteristics of smoothness and contrast, respectively, to the spatial distribution of material fields. The performance of the method is tested on three example cases in silico.
Assessment of anisotropic transmembrane transport coefficient vector of cell-spheroid under inhomogeneous ion concentration distribution fields by electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Li Songshi , Kawashima Daisuke , Okeyo Kennedy Omondi , Murata Takeshi , Takei Masahiro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The assessment method of anisotropic transmembrane transport coefficient vector P of a cell-spheroid under inhomogeneous ion concentration fields has been proposed by combining electrical impedance tomography (EIT) with an ion transport model to evaluate the anisotropic transmembrane transport of ions. An element Pi
of P represents the transmembrane transport coefficient of the ith part of the cell membrane, which is assessed by the ion transport model from the average conductivity σ̃i
of the ith extracellular sector reconstructed by EIT. Anisotropic factor H obtained from Pi
is introduced, which represents the anisotropic transmembrane transport. To validate our methodology, the inhomogeneous ion concentration fields are generated by injecting two tonicity-different sucrose solutions (isotonic, hypotonic or hypertonic) from both sides of the cell-spheroid. As a result, the inhomogeneous ion concentration distribution due to the anisotropic transmembrane transport is successfully observed from the reconstructed image by EIT. The anisotropic factor H shows that H = 0.34 ± 0.24 in isotonic and hypertonic combination, H = 0.58 ± 0.15 in isotonic and hypotonic combination and H = 0.23 ± 0.06 in hypertonic and hypotonic combination, respectively. To verify the results obtained by our methodology, the fluorescence ratio F [-] of potassium ions around the cell-spheroid is observed under three combinations as same as the EIT measurement. F shows the anisotropic transmembrane transport with the same trend with the EIT results.
Multiscale modeling of extrinsic self healing GFRP materials
Authors: Tsivolas Eleftherios , Gergidis Leonidas N , Paipetis Alkiviadis S 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, a novel multiscale material model is proposed to simulate the elasto-plastic damage-healing behavior of an epoxy matrix in a composite material. This framework combines the non-linear mean field homogenization methodologies with the continuum damage-healing mechanics to achieve the healing process in a coupled manner along with the damage. The model is able to predict the time dependent healing effect combined with damage propagation. In the proposed multiscale model, the healing depends on the current damage of the matrix, the available time that the healing can evolve and the rate of healing. A parametric study with respect to the rate of healing and a time dependency analysis were performed to examine the sensitivity of the model. In addition, a microscale method to calculate the healing initiation and healing efficiency is proposed using a representative volume element of an epoxy matrix with healing microcapsules. The microscale simulation showed that with 7.5% volume fraction of microcapsules 40% of the structural integrity can be recovered.
Decomposition-based framework for tumor classification and prediction of treatment response from longitudinal MRI
Authors: Rahbek Sofie , Mahmood Faisal , Tomaszewski Michal R , Hanson Lars G , Madsen Kristoffer H 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. In the field of radiation oncology, the benefit of MRI goes beyond that of providing high soft-tissue contrast images for staging and treatment planning. With the recent clinical introduction of hybrid MRI linear accelerators it has become feasible to map physiological parameters describing diffusion, perfusion, and relaxation during the entire course of radiotherapy, for example. However, advanced data analysis tools are required for extracting qualified prognostic and predictive imaging biomarkers from longitudinal MRI data. In this study, we propose a new prediction framework tailored to exploit temporal dynamics of tissue features from repeated measurements. We demonstrate the framework using a newly developed decomposition method for tumor characterization. Approach. Two previously published MRI datasets with multiple measurements during and after radiotherapy, were used for development and testing: T
2-weighted multi-echo images obtained for two mouse models of pancreatic cancer, and diffusion-weighted images for patients with brain metastases. Initially, the data was decomposed using the novel monotonous slope non-negative matrix factorization (msNMF) tailored for MR data. The following processing consisted of a tumor heterogeneity assessment using descriptive statistical measures, robust linear modelling to capture temporal changes of these, and finally logistic regression analysis for stratification of tumors and volumetric outcome. Main Results. The framework was able to classify the two pancreatic tumor types with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.999, P < 0.001 and predict the tumor volume change with a correlation coefficient of 0.513, P = 0.034. A classification of the human brain metastases into responders and non-responders resulted in an AUC of 0.74, P = 0.065. Significance. A general data processing framework for analyses of longitudinal MRI data has been developed and applications were demonstrated by classification of tumor type and prediction of radiotherapy response. Further, as part of the assessment, the merits of msNMF for tumor tissue decomposition were demonstrated.
Accelerated cardiac diffusion tensor imaging using deep neural network
Authors: Liu Shaonan , Liu Yuanyuan , Xu Xi , Chen Rui , Liang Dong , Jin Qiyu , Liu Hui , Chen Guoqing , Zhu Yanjie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a noninvasive method for measuring the microstructure of the myocardium. However, its long scan time significantly hinders its wide application. In this study, we developed a deep learning framework to obtain high-quality DTI parameter maps from six diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) by combining deep-learning-based image generation and tensor fitting, and named the new framework FG-Net. In contrast to frameworks explored in previous deep-learning-based fast DTI studies, FG-Net generates inter-directional DWIs from six input DWIs to supplement the loss information and improve estimation accuracy for DTI parameters. FG-Net was evaluated using two datasets of ex vivo human hearts. The results showed that FG-Net can generate fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity maps, and helix angle maps from only six raw DWIs, with a quantification error of less than 5%. FG-Net outperformed conventional tensor fitting and black-box network fitting in both qualitative and quantitative metrics. We also demonstrated that the proposed FG-Net can achieve highly accurate fractional anisotropy and helix angle maps in DWIs with different b-values.
Multi-mode architectures for noise-resilient superconducting qubits
Authors: Calzona Alessio , Carrega Matteo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Great interest revolves around the development of new strategies to efficiently store and manipulate quantum information in a robust and decoherence-free fashion. Several proposals have been put forward to encode information into qubits that are simultaneously insensitive to relaxation and to dephasing processes. Among all, given their versatility and high-degree of control, superconducting qubits have been largely investigated in this direction. Here, we present a survey on the basic concepts and ideas behind the implementation of novel superconducting circuits with intrinsic protection against decoherence at a hardware level. In particular, the main focus is on multi-mode superconducting circuits, the paradigmatic example being the so-called

0
−
π

circuit. We report on their working principle and possible physical implementations based on conventional Josephson elements, presenting recent experimental realizations, discussing both fabrication methods and characterizations.
Computational study of temperature and density perturbations on atmospheric dynamics
Authors: Abawari Admasu , Elfaged Yitagesu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study examines the perturbation effect of temperature and density of moist air on atmospheric variables at 9°1’48″N, 38°44’24″E and 6.324 km above the Earth’s surface. The atmosphere is a compressible neutral moist air flowing on a rotating Earth as a model and it’s basic atmospheric parameters such as gas constant, transport coefficients, mixing ratio and specific heat capacities are considered to be temperature dependent and the Earth’s gravity changes with latitude and altitude. To describe the dynamics, we carried out a numerical computation using finite difference method on an unstaggered grid. Our results revealed that the response of all the variables have a plane wave pattern, in which specific heat capacities (SHCs), resultant wind speed (RWS) and water vapor mixing ratio (MR) increase with time at each latitude but vertical wind speed (VWS), specific enthalpy (SE) and pressure decrease with time at each latitude. The increase of MR with time is the result of water vapor flux into the air parcel and the decrease of SE and increase of RWS with time is the result of thermal energy to mechanical energy transformation. The decrease of VWS with time is the effect of the viscous force due to temperature dependence of viscosity.
Fabrication of high-surface-area, SiO2 supported polyimide carbon aerogel microspheres: electrochemical application
Authors: Liu Shi , Ji Jianqi , Wang Yixing , Yan Cenqi , Bai Huitao , Qin Jiaqiang , Cheng Pei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A series of polyimide (PI)/SiO2 aerogel microspheres were prepared by using polyamide acid salt and hydrolyzed tetraethyl orthosilicate based on the reverse-phase emulsion method. Then, PI/SiO2 aerogel microspheres were carbonized and etched to obtain carbon aerogel microspheres (CAMs). Scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and nitrogen isothermal adsorption were used to characterize the micro-morphology and pore structure of the microspheres; and electrochemical workstation was used to test the electrochemical performance of the CAMs. The results showed that CAMs with different pore structures and specific surface area were obtained by adjusting the content of SiO2. Highest specific surface area of 1166.9 m2 g−1 and a total pore volume of 1.2369 cm3 g−1 were achieved at a SiO2 content of 50%. When used as the electrode materials for supercapacitors, these CAMs demonstrated a maximum specific capacitance of 125.1 F g−1 in a three-electrode system and a maximum capacitance of 53.3% at 30 A g−1. This article provides a new strategy for the preparation of CAMs with high specific surface area by using linear PI precursor and SiO2 support skeleton.
Spatiotemporal varying coefficient model for respiratory disease mapping in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Feifei , Duan Congyuan , Li Yang , Huang Hui , Shia Ben-Chang 
Published: December 2022

Summary
Respiratory diseases have been global public health problems for a long time. In recent years, air pollutants as important risk factors have drawn lots of attention. In this study, we investigate the influence of $\pm2.5$ (particulate matters in diameter less than 2.5 ${\rm{\mu }} m$) on hospital visit rates for respiratory diseases in Taiwan. To reveal the spatiotemporal pattern of data, we propose a Bayesian disease mapping model with spatially varying coefficients and a parametric temporal trend. Model fitting is conducted using the integrated nested Laplace approximation, which is a widely applied technique for large-scale data sets due to its high computational efficiency. The finite sample performance of the proposed method is studied through a series of simulations. As demonstrated by simulations, the proposed model can improve both the parameter estimation performance and the prediction performance. We apply the proposed model on the respiratory disease data in 328 third-level administrative regions in Taiwan and find significant associations between hospital visit rates and $\pm2.5$.
Sweet taste perception in mice is blunted by PTBP1-regulated skipping of Tas1r2 exon 4
Authors: Zheng Xin , Zhu Jianhui , Liu Jiaxin , Wang Hong , Qin Yumei , Jiang Peihua , Xiao Li , Gong Tao , Li Yuqing , Peng Xian , Xu Xin , Cheng Lei , Huang Liquan , Chen Qianming , Zhou Xuedong , Margolskee Robert F 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Taste perception, initiated by activation of taste receptors in taste bud cells, is crucial for regulating nutrient intake. Genetic polymorphisms in taste receptor genes cannot fully explain the wide individual variations of taste sensitivity. Alternative splicing (AS) is a ubiquitous posttranscriptional mode of gene regulation that enriches the functional diversity of proteins. Here, we report the identification of a novel splicing variant of sweet taste receptor gene Tas1r2 (Tas1r2_∆e4) in mouse taste buds and the mechanism by which it diminishes sweet taste responses in vitro and in vivo. Skipping of Tas1r2 exon 4 in Tas1r2_∆e4 led to loss of amino acids in the extracellular Venus flytrap domain, and the truncated isoform reduced the response of sweet taste receptors (STRs) to all sweet compounds tested by generating nonfunctional T1R2/T1R3 STR heterodimers. The splicing factor PTBP1 (polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1) promoted Tas1r2_∆e4 generation through binding to a polypyrimidine-rich splicing silencer in Tas1r2 exon 4, thus decreasing STR function and sweet taste perception in mice. Taken together, these data reveal the existence of a regulated AS event in Tas1r2 expression and its effect on sweet taste perception, providing a novel mechanism for modulating taste sensitivity at the posttranscriptional level.
Transoral septotomy with septum traction is an effective treatment for recurrent Zenker diverticulum
Authors: Salvador Renato , Provenzano Luca , Bonventre Giulia , Cutrone Cesare , Moletta Lucia , Sari Marianna , Costantini Andrea , Forattini Francesca , Vittori Arianna , Valmasoni Michele , Costantini Mario , Capovilla Giovanni 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Symptoms of Zenker diverticulum can recur whatever the type of primary treatment administered. A modified transoral stapler-assisted septotomy (TS) was introduced in clinical practice a few years ago to improve the results of this mini-invasive technique. The aim of this prospective, controlled study was to assess the outcome of TS in patients with recurrent Zenker diverticulum (RZD), as compared with patients with treatment-naïve Zenker diverticulum (NZD). Patients diagnosed with NZD or RZD, and treated with TS between 2015 and 2021 were compared. Symptoms were recorded and scored using a detailed questionnaire. Barium swallow and endoscopy were performed before and after the TS procedure. In sum, 89 patients were enrolled during the study period: 68 had NZD and 21 had RZD. The patients’ demographic and clinical data were similar in the two groups. Three mucosal lesions were detected intra-operatively, and one came to light at post-operative radiological assessment in the NZD group. No mucosal lesions were detected in the RZD group. The median follow-up was 36 months (interquartile range 23–60). The treatment was successful in 97% NZD patients and 95% of RZD patients (P = 0.56). This is the first comparative study based on prospectively collected data to assess the outcome of TS in patients with RZD. Traction on the septum during the procedure proved effective in the treatment of RZD, achieving a success rate that was excellent, and comparable with the outcome in treating NZD.
A case report of recovery of sinus node abnormalities associated with right atrial involvement of ‘early-stage’ cardiac sarcoidosis
Authors: Nakahara Miyuki , Takemoto Masao , Fujishima Shin-ichiro , Tsuchihashi Takuya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by impaired contractility of the myocardium secondary to cardiac conduction system abnormalities, which result in atrio-ventricular (AV) conduction block and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Notably, sinus node (SN) abnormalities are rarely associated with CS.

Case summary
We herein present a case of CS presenting with SN abnormalities associated with atrial involvement of the CS and describe the utility of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18-FDG-PET-CT) scans, and cardiac biopsy, in making an initial early diagnosis of early-stage CS. Fortunately, an initial appropriate immunosuppression therapy with methylprednisolone for the CS thus far can help the SN and AV conduction function recover and has provided a good clinical course without the implantation of a pacemaker or implantable cardio-defibrillator.

Discussion
Although the diagnosis of CS may be elusive, the initial clinical suspicion and use of advanced imaging may be important for an early diagnosis of CS. Furthermore, because CS may sometimes rapidly progress, the early diagnosis and treatment of early-stage CS may also be important to help the SN and AV conduction function recover, and avoid implantation of a pacemaker, as in this present case.
Lifting spirits and building community: the social, emotional and practical benefits of all-female group singing
Authors: Helitzer Elizabeth , Moss Hilary , O’Donoghue Jessica 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A mixed-methods concurrent identical design was implemented to explore the following research question: what are the emotional, social, and practical impacts of group singing for women from a regeneration area? Members of an all-female community choir based in an area of disadvantage participated in a focus group and survey. The most significant quantitative finding was an increase in the overall perceived level of health, which seemed linked to qualitative themes of ‘positive emotions’, ‘redefining and reclaiming identity’, ‘choir as an extended family’ and ‘community interaction and impact’. Three themes arose from qualitative data: social impact, health and well-being aspects, and practical issues. Integrating qualitative and quantitative findings identified an overarching concept that ‘choir participation may increase emotional and social health and well-being’. Group singing was found beneficial, with a potential to serve as a resource in cultivating resilience in individuals living in areas of disadvantage.