bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soybean relay‐cropped with winter camelina reduces biological nitrogen fixation
Authors: Mohammed Yesuf Assen , Matthees Heather L. , Gesch Russ W. , Weyers Sharon , Adem Seid M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe contribution of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] to plant nutrition and its N credit for the next crop is significant. The amount of N fixed via BNF in monocropped soybean is well documented, but it is unknown when soybean is relayed into winter camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz]. Therefore, BNF in soybean relayed into fertilized (WCFerti) and unfertilized (WCUnfert) winter camelina grown for seed, and soybean seeded after winter camelina terminated as a cover crop (WCCC) were compared with a monocrop (control) soybean. The results showed that N‐fixing bacteria successfully infected soybean roots and were potentially active in N fixation for all treatments. Ureide‐N abundance was in the order of control > WCFerti = WCUnfert > WCCC. The control had 38 and 44% more ureide‐N (indicating greater BNF) than WCFerti and WCUnfert, respectively. Relayed soybean had the same grain protein and oil concentrations as the control. However, the control had greater soybean grain, protein, and oil yields than relayed treatments due to grain yield differences. Fertilized winter camelina resulted in greater total (soybean + camelina) oil yield (859 kg ha–1) than the control (587 kg ha–1). The lower ureide‐N abundance and grain yields for relayed soybean than the control was due to differences in belowground and aboveground biomass. Further research is needed to develop earlier‐maturing winter camelina genotypes, better row spacing, and more shade‐tolerant soybean cultivars to minimize competition between the two species, enhance BNF, and increase relayed‐soybean yield.
Self‐templated covalent functionalization of graphitic surfaces with a quasi‐periodic pattern
Authors: Xia Yuanzhi , Seibel Johannes , De Feyter Steven 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPatterned covalent functionalization of graphitic surfaces (GSs) is of interest in the development of devices and nanocomposite materials. In contrast to the strategies using external templates or control for realizing patterned covalent functionalization of GSs, here, we present a self‐templated strategy by exploiting the synergistic effects of chemical and physical functionalization of GSs. Therefore, a diazonium salt is reduced by potassium iodide (KI) in dimethyl sulfoxide while the solution is in contact with a GS, resulting in its spatially heterogeneous, that is, chemical and physical, functionalization. This heterogeneous functionalization leads to a quasi‐periodic pattern of striped corrals with three equivalent orientations in the covalent layer. The formation of the striped corrals is ascribed to physisorbed domains formed by self‐assembled N2, which is produced in situ during the reduction of the diazonium salt, preventing the covalent functionalization.
Conformational isomerization: A novel mechanism to realize the AIE‐TADF behaviors
Authors: Wu Hao , Fan Xiao‐Chun , Wang Hui , Huang Feng , Xiong Xin , Shi Yi‐Zhong , Wang Kai , Yu Jia , Zhang Xiao‐Hong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) features can overcome aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) and emit intensely in aggregate states and thus have attracted enormous attention in the fields of high‐efficiency organic light‐emitting diodes, bioimaging, photodynamic therapy, photocatalysis, etc. However, their corresponding exact working mechanisms at the microscopic level are still far from clear. Herein, by carefully investigating the physical properties of our newly designed TADF material 6‐(10H‐spiro[acridine‐9,9′‐fluoren]‐10‐yl)nicotinonitrile in various states, we concluded that conformational isomerization plays an important role in realizing high photoluminescence quantum yields in its amorphous neat film state, in which the high‐lying quasi‐axial conformations with non‐TADF features and low‐lying quasi‐equal conformations with TADF characteristics serve as the host matrix and dopant, respectively, thus suppressing ACQ in disordered aggregate states. Our work not only offers a new possible microscopic mechanism by using conformational isomerization for the AIE‐TADF phenomenon but also provides a novel method for designing high‐efficiency AIE‐TADF emitters.
Approaches to managing work‐related fatigue to meet the needs of American workers and employers
Authors: Wong Imelda , Swanson Naomi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOn September 13–14, 2019, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) hosted a national forum entitled “Working hours, sleep and fatigue: Meeting the needs of American workers and employers.” The purpose of this inaugural meeting was to discuss current evidence about the broad‐based risks and effective countermeasures related to working hours, sleep, and fatigue, with further considerations to tailor solutions for specific industries and worker populations. We aimed to identify the knowledge gaps and needs in this area and future directions for research. We also sought to identify similarities across industries with the goal of sharing lessons learned and successful mitigation strategies across sectors. Participants included an international representation of academics, scientists, government representatives, policymakers, industry leaders, occupational health and safety professionals, and labor representatives. A total of eight manuscripts were developed following stakeholder comments and forum discussions. Six focused on sector‐specific approaches (i.e., Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing; Healthcare & Social Assistance; Mining; Oil and Gas Extraction; Public Safety; Transportation, Warehousing & Utilities) to identify unique factors for fatigue‐risk and effective countermeasures. Two additional manuscripts addressed topic areas that cut across all industries (disproportionate risks, and economic evaluation). Findings from the Forum highlight that the identification of common risk factors across sectors allows for transfer of information, such as evidence for effective mitigation strategies, from sectors where fatigue risk has been more widely studied to those sectors where it has been less so. Further considerations should be made to improve knowledge translation activities by incorporating different languages and modes of dissemination such that information is accessible for all workers. Additionally, while economic evaluation can be an important decision‐making tool for organizational‐ and policy‐level activities, multi‐disciplinary approaches combining epidemiology and economics are needed to provide a more balanced approach to economic evaluation with considerations for societal impacts. Although fatigue risk management must be tailored to fit industries, organizations, and individuals, knowledge gained in this forum can be leveraged, modified, and adapted to address these variabilities. Our hope is to continue sharing lessons learned to encourage future innovative, multi‐disciplinary, cross‐industry collaborations that will meet the needs of workers and employers to mitigate the risks and losses related to workplace fatigue.
Differential underestimation of work‐related reinjury risk for older workers: Challenges to producing accurate rate estimates
Authors: Sears Jeanne M. , Fulton‐Kehoe Deborah , Hogg‐Johnson Sheilah 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundOlder workers are increasingly represented in the U.S. workforce, but frequently work part‐timeor intermittently, hindering accurate injury rate estimates. To reduce the impact of reporting barriers on rate comparisons, we focused on reinjury (both injury recurrence and new injury) among workers with a workers’ compensation claim, assessing: (1) reinjury risk for workers age 65+ versus <65; (2) importance of work‐time at‐risk measurement for rate estimates and comparisons; and (3) age distribution of potential risk factors.MethodsWashington State workers’ compensation claims for a retrospective cohort of workers with work‐related permanent impairments were linked to state wage files. Reinjury rates were calculated for the cohort (N = 11,184) and a survey sample (N = 582), using both calendar time and full‐time equivalent (FTE)‐adjusted time. Risk differentials were assessed using rate ratios and adjusted survival models.ResultsThe rate ratio for workers age 65+ (vs. <65) was 0.45 (p < 0.001) using calendar time, but 0.70 (p = 0.07) using FTE‐adjusted time. Survey‐based rates were 35.7 per 100 worker‐years for workers age 65+, versus 14.8 for <65. Workers age 65+ (vs. <65) were more likely to work <100% FTE, but were similar regarding job strain, their ability to handle physical job demands, and their comfort reporting unsafe conditions or injuries.ConclusionsAccounting for work‐time at risk substantially improves age‐based reinjury comparisons. Although the marked elevation in self‐reported reinjury risk for older workers might be a small‐sample artifact (n = 34), workers age 65+ are likely at higher risk than previously appreciated. Ongoing workforce trends demand increased attention to injury surveillance and prevention for older workers.
Photocatalytic Carboxylation with CO2: A Review of Recent Studies
Authors: Huang Wei , Lin Junyue , Deng Fei , Zhong Hong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) is the main byproduct from the combustion of fossil fuels, the excessive emission into the atmosphere is regarded as primary causes for global warming and climate change. On the other hand, CO2 is also a readily available, non‐toxic, low‐cost C1 source, and widely used in synthetic chemistry to afford value carboxylic acids and derivatives by photocatalysis CO2 transformation under light irradiation. Herein, we present a summarization for the recent advances and achievements in the area of photocatalytic carboxylation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, organo(pseudo)halides, carbonyl compounds, tetraalkyl ammonium salt, and C(sp3) C−O bonds with CO2. We also discuss the mechanisms of such reactions, which will help us to comprehend the specific process of carboxylation. We hope the summary of these methods will further stimulate future research in this sought‐after area.
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, dementia, and memory performance among Caribbean Hispanic versus US populations
Authors: Llibre‐Guerra Jorge J. , Li Jing , Qian Yuting , Llibre‐Rodriguez Juan de Jesús , Jiménez‐Velázquez Ivonne Z. , Acosta Daisy , Salas Aquiles , Llibre‐Guerra Juan Carlos , Valvuerdi Adolfo , Harrati Amal , Weiss Jordan , Liu Mao‐Mei , Dow William H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionApolipoprotein E (APOE) is considered the major susceptibility gene for developing Alzheimer's disease. However, the strength of this risk factor is not well established across diverse Hispanic populations.MethodsWe investigated the associations among APOE genotype, dementia prevalence, and memory performance (immediate and delayed recall scores) in Caribbean Hispanics (CH), African Americans (AA), Hispanic Americans (HA) and non‐Hispanic White Americans (NHW). Multivariable logistic regressions and negative binomial regressions were used to examine these associations by subsample.ResultsOur final dataset included 13,516 participants (5198 men, 8318 women) across all subsamples, with a mean age of 74.8 years. Prevalence of APOE ε4 allele was similar in CHs, HAs, and NHWs (21.8%–25.4%), but was substantially higher in AAs (33.6%; P < 0.001). APOE ε4 carriers had higher dementia prevalence across all groups.DiscussionAPOE ε4 was similarly associated with increased relative risk of dementia and lower memory performance in all subsamples.
ZnFe2O4@SiO2‐ascorbic acid: Green, magnetic, and versatile catalyst for the synthesis of chromeno[2,3‐d] pyrimidine‐8‐amine and quinazoline derivatives
Authors: Khanmohammadi‐Sarabi Farhad , Ghorbani‐Choghamarani Arash , Aghavandi Hamid , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this research project, silica‐modified ZnFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles were prepared in a simple, short, and straightforward way. Subsequently, an efficient catalyst through immobilization of ascorbic acid on the surface of silica‐coated ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles has been produced. The physical and chemical properties of ZnFe2O4@SiO2‐ascorbic acid were considered by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analyses. The catalytic activity of described magnetic nanocatalyst was checked out for the synthesis of chromeno[2,3‐d] pyrimidine‐8‐amine and quinazolinone derivatives. The described catalyst was recovered and reused for five continuous cycles without considerable change in its catalytic activity.
The evo‐devo origins of the nasopharynx
Authors: Jankowski Roger 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe process by which upper respiratory tract structures have changed over deep evolutionary time is, in part, reflected in the process of embryologic development. The nasopharynx in particular is a centrally located space bounded by components of the respiratory portion of the nasal cavity, cranial base, soft palate, and Eustachian tube. The development of these components can be understood both in terms of embryologic structures such as the branchial arches and paraxial mesoderm and through fossil evidence dating as far back as the earliest agnathan fish of the Cambrian Period. Understanding both the evolution and development of these structures has been an immeasurable benefit to the otolaryngologist seeking to model disease etiology of both common and rare conditions. This discussion is a primer for those who may be unfamiliar with the central importance of the nasopharynx both in terms of our evolutionary history and early embryological development of vital cranial and upper respiratory tract structures.
Testing a theory‐driven factor structure of the autism‐spectrum quotient
Authors: Zhu Yiqin , Mu Wenting , Chirica Marianne G. , Berenbaum Howard 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Autism‐Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is a popular instrument used to assess the degree to which individuals exhibit features of autism spectrum conditions (ASC). The current study aimed to develop a theory‐driven factor structure of the AQ that would fit as well across samples as the 12 previously proposed factor structures, all of which, except for the original Baron‐Cohen model, had been developed on the basis of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) or principal component analysis. We first proposed a six‐factor solution: (1) social anhedonia; (2) interest in details/patterns; (3) imagination ability; (4) desire for predictability/routine; (5) social cognition; and (6) social discourse convention. We tested the six‐factor structure and made final item selections (27 items) with EFA using data from college students (n = 503). Then, we empirically tested alternative factor structure models in three other independent samples (ns = 503; 1263; 1641) using confirmatory factor analysis. Results indicated that our model fit as well, if not better, than all of the other models across samples, regardless of parameter estimation methods and software packages. Overall, the theory‐driven replicable six‐factor structure that we report holds the potential to be used to measure the six domains of features that we identified in the AQ.Lay SummaryQuestionnaire measures of autism spectrum conditions have typically been used to measure approximately four broad dimensions. Our study suggests that the Autism‐Spectrum Quotient can be used to measure six more narrowly defined dimensions: social anhedonia, interest in details/patterns, imagination ability, desire for predictability/routine, social cognition, and social discourse convention. Additional work is needed to develop measures of a much wider variety of autism spectrum features.
Immuno‐probed multiwalled carbon nanotube surface for abdominal aortic aneurysm biomarker analysis
Authors: Zhao Xuekai , Gopinath Subash C.B. , Zhao Weichao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a medical complication, occurs when the aortic area becomes swollen and very large. It is mandatory to identify AAA to avoid the breakdown of aneurysms. C‐reactive protein (CRP) has been recognized as one of the biomarkers for identifying AAA due to the possibility of CRP produced in vascular tissue, which contributes to the formation of an aneurysm, and it is elevated in patients with a ruptured AAA. This research work was designed to develop an immunosensor on a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)‐modified surface to quantify the CRP level. Anti‐CRP specificity was constructed on the MWCNT surface through a silane linker to interact with CRP. The detection limit of CRP was calculated as 100 pM with anR2(determination coefficient) value of 0.9855 (y= 2.3446x– 1.9922) on a linear regression graph. The dose‐dependent linear pattern was registered from 200 to 3000 pM and attained the saturation level during binding at 3000 pM. Furthermore, serum‐spiked CRP showed a clear increase in the current response, proving the specific recognition of CRP in biological samples. This designed biosensor identifies CRP at a lower level and can help diagnose AAA.
Health‐related quality of life after 50 years in individuals with thalidomide embryopathy: Evidence from a German cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Niecke Alexander , Peters Klaus M. , Alayli Adrienne , Lüngen Markus , Pfaff Holger , Albus Christian , Samel Christina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs individuals with thalidomide embryopathy now reaching their 60's they undergo long‐term sequelae of their prenatal damage and experience a wide range of secondary health problems, in particular chronic musculoskeletal pain, movement restrictions, and mental disorders. These health problems are having a negative impact on their life circumstances and their health‐related quality of life (HRQOL).ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the HRQOL in individuals with thalidomide embryopathy in comparison to individuals of the age‐adjusted general population in Germany with and without chronic disease conditions (primary outcome). And, further explore the influence of impairment patterns, pain stage, and mental disorders on physical and mental dimensions of HRQOL (secondary outcome).MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of 202 individuals with thalidomide embryopathy from North Rhine‐Westphalia/Germany was conducted, which gathered information about physical examinations including a standardized determination of the pain stage, a structured psychological interview, and the HRQOL. The final dataset was 186 cases for primary outcome.ResultsIndividuals with thalidomide embryopathy (50.6 years, 55.9% females) show a significantly reduced physical HRQOL comparison to the age‐adjusted German population with chronic diseases (physical component score; pcs: 33.4 vs. 45.3, p < .001). In addition, male individuals with thalidomide embryopathy show a significantly reduced mental HRQOL to their male counterparts in this comparison (mental component score; mcs: 45.0 vs. 50.0, p = .005). The subgroup analyses show that individuals with thalidomide embryopathy with quadruple impairment have a significantly lower physical HRQOL than those with hearing loss (pcs: 25.0 vs. 38.5; ci's not overlapping). Second, individuals with thalidomide embryopathy with severe compared to mild stages of pain have significantly poorer levels of physical and mental HRQOL (pcs: 25.8 vs. 37.7, ci not overlapping; mcs: 40.4 vs. 51.8, ci's not overlapping). And, individuals with thalidomide embryopathy without a mental disorder show a high mental HRQOL (mcs: 53.2), while in comparison to the total sample those with somatoform and personality disorders have a significantly reduced physical HRQOL (pcs: 27.5 and 24.8; both ci's not overlapping), and those with depressive disorders have a significant reduced mental HRQOL (mcs: 38.0 vs. 45.8, ci's not overlapping).ConclusionsA longitudinal decreasing HRQOL in individuals with thalidomide embryopathy is known, as well as high prevalence of mental disorders and chronic pain syndromes. This study shows a strong association between these two influencing factors and a poor HRQOL.
Chromatin behavior in living cells: Lessons from single‐nucleosome imaging and tracking
Authors: Ide Satoru , Tamura Sachiko , Maeshima Kazuhiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEukaryotic genome DNA is wrapped around core histones and forms a nucleosome structure. Together with associated proteins and RNAs, these nucleosomes are organized three‐dimensionally in the cell as chromatin. Emerging evidence demonstrates that chromatin consists of rather irregular and variable nucleosome arrangements without the regular fiber structure and that its dynamic behavior plays a critical role in regulating various genome functions. Single‐nucleosome imaging is a promising method to investigate chromatin behavior in living cells. It reveals local chromatin motion, which reflects chromatin organization not observed in chemically fixed cells. The motion data is like a gold mine. Data analyses from many aspects bring us more and more information that contributes to better understanding of genome functions. In this review article, we describe imaging of single‐nucleosomes and their tracked behavior through oblique illumination microscopy. We also discuss applications of this technique, especially in elucidating nucleolar organization in living cells.
Characterization and application of a thermophilic Argonaute from archaeon Thermococcus thioreducens
Authors: Fang Mengjun , Xu Zhipeng , Huang Di , Naeem Muhammad , Zhu Xiangcheng , Xu Zhinan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractProkaryotic Argonaute proteins (pAgos) play an important role in host defense against invading genetic elements. The functional diversities make pAgos very promising in development of novel nucleic acid manipulation tools and attract increasing attentions. Here, we reported the in vitro characterization of an Argonaute protein from archaeon Thermococcus thioreducens (TtrAgo) and its example of application in hepatitis B virus DNA detection. The results showed that TtrAgo functions as a programmable DNA endonuclease by utilizing both short 5′‐phosphorylated and 5′‐hydroxylated single‐stranded DNA guides, and presents high efficiency and accuracy at optimal temperatures ranging from 75°C to 95°C. In addition, TtrAgo also possesses stepwise cleavage activity like PfAgo (Pyrococcus furiosus) and chopping activity toward double‐stranded DNA similar to MjAgo (Methanocaldococcus jannaschii). This study increases our understanding of pAgos and expands the Ago‐based DNA detection toolbox.