bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stabilization of Imines and Hemiaminals in Water by an Endo‐Functionalized Container Molecule
Authors: Li Ming‐Shuang , Dong Yi‐Wei , Quan Mao , Jiang Wei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStabilizing water‐sensitive reaction intermediates is challenging but desirable for guiding reactions to desired products in water. Herein, we report that labile imine and hemiaminal functional groups can be stabilized inside a synthetic container compound, a water‐soluble naphthotube. The naphthotube features a primary amine group anchored in a cavity with both hydrogen bonding sites and hydrophobic surfaces. Aldehydes in bulk aqueous solution are trapped in the cavity by the amine to form hemiaminals stabilized through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic effects. Dehydration of the hemiaminal to the imine is favored by the release of water from the hydrophobic microenvironment. Both the hemiaminals and imines can be detected at room temperature by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
Au20(tBu3P)8: A Highly Symmetric Metalloid Gold Cluster in Oxidation State 0
Authors: Fetzer Florian , Pollard Nia , Michenfelder Nadine C. , Strienz Markus , Unterreiner Andreas N. , Clayborne Andre Z. , Schnepf Andreas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetalloid gold clusters have unique properties with respect to size and structure and are key intermediates in studying transitions between molecular compounds and the bulk phase of the respective metal. In the following, the synthesis of the all‐phosphine protected metalloid cluster Au20(tBu3P)8, solely built from gold atoms in the oxidation state of 0 is reported. Single‐crystal X‐ray analysis revealed a highly symmetric hollow cube‐octahedral arrangement of the gold atoms, resembling gold bulk structure. Quantum‐chemical calculations illustrated the cluster can be described as a 20‐electron superatom. Optical properties of the compound have shown molecular‐like behavior.
Unusual Size Effect in Ion and Charge Transport in Micron‐Sized Particulate Aluminum Anodes of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jiang Chunlei , Zheng Yinyin , Wang Doufeng , Zheng Yongping , Xie Chengde , Shi Lei , Liu Zhipeng , Tang Yongbing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAluminum is a promising anode material for lithium‐ion batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity, excellent conductivity, and natural abundance. An anomalous size effect was observed for micron‐sized aluminum powder electrodes in this work. Experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that the insulating oxide surface layer is the underlying cause, which leads to poor electrical conductivity and limited capacity utilization when the particle is too small. Additionally, poor electrolyte wettability also accounts for the hindered reaction kinetics due to the weak polarity feature of the oxide layer. Surface grafting of polar amino groups was demonstrated to be an effective strategy to improve electrolyte wettability. The present work revealed the critical limitations and underlying mechanisms for the aluminum anode, which is crucial for its practical application. Our results are also valuable for other metallic anodes with similar issues.
Facing up to others' emotions: No evidence of autism‐related deficits in metacognitive awareness of emotion recognition
Authors: Brewer Neil , Lucas Carmen A. , Georgopoulos Marie Antonia , Young Robyn L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEmotion recognition difficulties are considered to contribute to social‐communicative problems for autistic individuals and awareness of such difficulties may be critical for the identification and pursuit of strategies that will mitigate their adverse effects. We examined metacognitive awareness of face emotion recognition responses in autistic (N = 63) and non‐autistic (N = 67) adults across (a) static, dynamic and social face emotion stimuli, (b) free‐ and forced‐report response formats, and (c) four different sets of the six “basic” and six “complex” emotions. Within‐individual relationships between recognition accuracy and post‐recognition confidence provided no indication that autistic individuals were poorer at discriminating correct from incorrect recognition responses than non‐autistic individuals, although both groups exhibited marked inter‐individual variability. Although the autistic group was less accurate and slower to recognize emotions, confidence‐accuracy calibration analyses provided no evidence of reduced sensitivity on their part to fluctuations in their emotion recognition performance. Across variations in stimulus type, response format and emotion, increases in accuracy were associated with progressively higher confidence, with similar calibration curves for both groups. Calibration curves for both groups were, however, characterized by overconfidence at the higher confidence levels (i.e., overall accuracy less than the average confidence level), with the non‐autistic group contributing more decisions with 90%–100% confidence. Comparisons of slow and fast responders provided no evidence of a “hard‐easy” effect—the tendency to exhibit overconfidence during hard tasks and underconfidence during easy tasks—suggesting that autistic individuals' slower recognition responding may reflect a strategic difference rather than a processing speed limitation.Lay SummaryIt is generally considered that autistic individuals may have difficulty recognizing other people's facial emotions. However, little is known about their awareness of any emotion recognition difficulties they may experience. This study indicates that, although there is considerable individual variability, autistic adults were as sensitive to variations in the accuracy of their recognition of others' emotions as their non‐autistic peers.
Development and application of a novel LC–MS/MS method for human plasma concentration monitoring of perampanel in pediatric epilepsy patients
Authors: Zhao Ting , Yu Lu‐hai , Zhang Hui‐lan , Yu Jing , Feng Jie , Li Hong‐jian , Sun Yan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study has developed and validated a novel LC–MS/MS assay method to quantify perampanel in pediatric patients with epilepsy in Xinjiang, China. Our assay reduces current specimen volume requirements and decreases the turnaround time for results. Samples were separated by gradient elution and then injected into the mass spectrometer with a total run time of 3 min per sample. The ions from the analytes were detected using multiple reactions by monitoring transitions of m/z 350.2–219.0 for perampanel and m/z 359.1–323.1 for the internal standard, as precursor ion and product ion, respectively. The peak area ratios of perampanel with internal standard within the plasma samples were linear in the concentration range of 0.1–3.2 μg/mL (y = 2.87x + 0.61; r2 ≥ 0.99). The within‐run and between‐run precision coefficient of variation (%) did not exceed 11.03%, and the accuracy (bias) ranged from −1.07 to 6.69%. The mean absolute recoveries of perampanel for four QC levels (lower limit of quantification, low quality control, middle quality control, and high quality control) determined by this method were 87.69, 94.04, 107.50, and 95.15%, respectively. The stability results for this method showed that the plasma samples of perampanel were stable under all tested conditions (86.43–104.81%), with a coefficient of variation (%) maximum of 8.74%.
The costocervical trunk: A detailed review
Authors: Bonczar Michał , Ostrowski Patryk , Dziedzic Martyna , Stachera Bartłomiej , Michalczak Mateusz , Canon Rinoa , Przybycień Wojciech , Wojciechowski Wadim , Wysiadecki Grzegorz , Walocha Jerzy , Koziej Mateusz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe number of studies on the anatomy of the costocervical trunk (CCT) is scarce, and the actual prevalence of this structure is unknown. Therefore, the authors of the present study would like to propose a set of four types of CCT, which were created based on observations of computed tomography angiographies (75 CCTs). A retrospective study was conducted to establish variations and the morphometric properties of the CCT. The results of 55 consecutive patients who underwent neck and thoracic computed tomography angiography (CTA) were analyzed in March 2022. The analysis was performed on a total of 75 CCTs. Of these, 32 were from women (42.7%) and 43 were from men (57.3%). Branching variations of each CCT were thoroughly analyzed. A classification of the branching pattern of the CCTs was made and consisted of four types. In the present study, the variety of branching and morphology of CCT was analyzed, proposing its novel classification based on the four most frequently observed types. Type 1 was the most prevalent (76.1%), having a similar origin and branching pattern as described in the major anatomical books. CCT was found to be absent in 23.94% of the cases, making it a somewhat less consistent branch of the SA. Understanding the variability of the anatomy of the CCT can be a great tool for physicians performing endovascular procedures in the cervical region.
A computer‐aided educational device and toolbox for biomedical signal processing at the undergraduate level
Authors: Tepe Cengiz , Savaştaer Ertuğrul F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEngineering education requires both a theoretical and practical basis; some aspects are better understood through practical examples. Providing practical experience in biomedical engineering is of great importance in terms of understanding concepts and assisting the retention of learning. Hands‐on experience can be particularly beneficial in supporting the theoretical explanation of the acquisition, processing, and displaying of biomedical signals. This study has developed an expansion board that can be plugged into Raspberry Pi boards to capture electroencephalography (EEG), electrooculography (EOG), electrocardiography (ECG), and electromyography (EMG) biomedical signals with a single‐channel amplifier circuit. A toolbox has been written in the Python programming language to; capture, process, filter, apply fast fourier transform, and display these signals. The device and laboratory applications were introduced in the curriculum of a final year module, “Introduction to Biomedical Engineering” in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering at Gazi University. The pedagogical value of the application was assessed by administering a questionnaire to the students. Results show the use of measurement and display of biomedical signals increased the curiosity and motivation of the students in Biomedical Engineering.
Does lead userness matter for electric vehicle adoption? An integrated perspective of social capital and domain‐specific innovativeness
Authors: Wang Nan , Huang Yalan , Fu Yaoyao , Chen Lingyun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) contributes significantly to the sustainability of world economic growth. However, despite the intensive promotion of EVs by car manufacturers and governments, majority of the drivers remains in the wait‐and‐see stage. Therefore, to understand how characteristics and adoption mechanisms of potential customers might shed light on the increasing of EV adoption. In this study, we investigate how lead userness is associated with EV adoption. Build on the diffusion of innovation theory, we examine the mechanisms through which lead userness affects EV adoption. By empirically analysing a sample collected from 307 members of China's EV online community, we show that lead userness plays a significant role in predicting EV adoption. In addition, we find that social capital and domain‐specific innovativeness jointly mediate this positive relationship while ecological attitudes positively moderate the effect of lead userness on EV adoption. Our findings contribute to research of EV adoption behaviour and provide recommendations to policymakers and manufacturers for promoting EVs.
Thermodynamic stabilization of crystalline silicon carbide polymer‐derived ceramic fibers
Authors: Leonel Gerson J. , Mujib Shakir Bin , Singh Gurpreet , Navrotsky Alexandra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThree crystalline SiC fibers were studied: Tyranno, Hi‐Nicalon, and Sylramic. Thermodynamic stability of the SiC fibers was determined by high temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry. Results shed light on the thermodynamic penalty or benefit associated with microstructural modification of the ceramic fibers, and how energetics correlate to mechanical properties. Enthalpies of formation from components (SiC, SiO2, Si3N4, and C, ∆H°f,comp) for Tyranno, Hi‐Nicalon, and Sylramic are −12.05 ± 8.71, −58.75 ± 6.93, and −71.10 ± 8.71 kJ/mol Si, respectively. The microstructure in Sylramic offers the greatest stabilizing effect, thus resulting in its much more exothermic enthalpy of formation relative to elements and crystalline components. In contrast, the microstructure in Tyranno offers the least stabilization. The thermodynamic stability of the fibers increases with increasing mixed bonding (Si bonded to both C and O). From mechanical testing, Young's moduli of Tyranno, Hi‐Nicalon, and Sylramic are 112, 205, and 215 GPa, respectively. Greater thermodynamic stability is correlated with a higher Young's modulus.
Access to Pyridinyl or Pyridinium Aza‐BODIPYs with Tunable Near‐Infrared Fluorescence through ICT from 4‐Pyridinyl Pyrroles**
Authors: Liu Chang , Jin Yue , Ji Xin , Zhao Weili , Dong Xiaochun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAza‐dipyrromethene boron difluoride (Aza‐BODIPY) dyes have attracted much interest in recent decades. In this manuscript, we provide a facile way to access pyridine‐substituted pyrroles. A series of 1/7‐pyridinyl and pyridinium near‐infrared (NIR) Aza‐BODIPYs with/without rigidity were constructed and their spectroscopic properties were extensively investigated. These pyridinyl Aza‐BOIDIPYs displayed slight bathochromic shifts and maintained bright NIR emission. Pyridinium Aza‐BODIPYs showed increased bathochromic shift, however, the molar extinction coefficients and fluorescence quantum yields were decreased owing to ICT effect. The impacts followed the order of pyridin‐4‐ium>pyridin‐2‐ium>pyridin‐3‐ium, which was in consistence with their ICT strength. MO calculation was performed to provide possible explanation to the red‐shifted absorption/emission, and apparent charge separation in pyridin‐4‐ium Aza‐BODIPYs. The pyridinium Aza‐BODIPY localized in lysosome and potentially avoided harmful ‘‘alkalinizing effects’’ of traditional lysosome‐targeting fluorescent dyes containing amine moiety. We are working on construction of pyridinyl and pyridinium Aza‐BODIPY photosensitizers against microbials or tumors.
Implementation of Cross‐Industrial Networks Targeting CO2 Reduction from a Systemic Approach
Authors: Piedra‐Garza Luis F. , Oles Markus 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWithin the Carbon2Chem® project, unavoidable CO2 emissions are used creating a new type of production network comprising a steelworks and chemical production. In the second project phase (2020–2024), the focus lies on additional expansion of already developed cross‐industrial networks as well as the implementation of additional ones (i.e., based on alternative CO2 sources) from an integral perspective that includes process simulation, process design, ecological and economic evaluation, and finally scale up. Moreover, the most promising process concepts will be further developed to a higher degree of detail aiming industrial implementation.
Experimental study of liquid vaporization in a fluidized bed
Authors: Silitonga Hansen M. , Briens Cedric , Berruti Franco , Sanchez Careaga Francisco , McMillan Jennifer 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLiquid injection into a gas–solid fluidized bed has been applied in various industries, such as coating and granulation processes in pharmaceutical and food industries, reactor cooling in polyolefin production, fluid catalytic cracking, and fluid coking in the petroleum industry. A new experimental method has been successfully developed to monitor the vaporization rate of a liquid injected into a fluidized bed. In addition, it can be used to determine the mass of liquid accumulated in the bed at a steady state. With this new method, measurements have identified three phenomena that may increase the amount of liquid accumulated at steady state in a fluidized bed. (1) Gas mixing affects vaporization when the bed temperature is lower than the liquid boiling point. In liquid‐rich regions of the bed, local vapour may build up, limiting the vaporization rate. Consequently, suitable emulsion to bubble gas transfer reduces the amount of accumulated liquid. (2) Solids mixing: hot particles from the rest of the bed must mix with the wetted particles to provide enough heat for vaporization. Good solids mixing reduces the amount of accumulated liquid. (3) Wet agglomerates formation: liquid trapped within wet agglomerates takes much longer to vaporize. The amount of accumulated liquid can be reduced by injecting the liquid in a well‐agitated bed region, operating at a higher bed temperature, or increasing the flowrate of atomization gas.
Prevalence of sensitization to molecular food allergens in Europe: A systematic review
Authors: Lisik Daniil , Ioannidou Athina , Spolidoro Giulia , Ali Mohamed , Nyassi Sungkutu , Amera Yohanes , Rovner Graciela , Khaleva Ekaterina , Venter Carina , van Ree Ronald , Worm Margitta , Vlieg‐Boerstra Berber , Sheikh Aziz , Muraro Antonella , Roberts Graham , Nwaru Bright I. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecent reports indicate that the prevalence of food allergy is increasing, but accurate estimates remain a challenge due to cross‐reactivity and limited use of precise diagnostic methods. Molecular allergy diagnostics, in which sensitization to individual molecular allergens is measured, is emerging as a promising tool for evaluation of sensitization profiles. In this systematic review, we summarized estimates of prevalence of sensitization to molecular food allergens in the general population in Europe.MethodsFollowing a protocol prospectively registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; reference CRD42021266657), we searched seven databases with no restrictions on publication date or language. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and appraised the risk of bias in the included studies. The findings were synthesized narratively.ResultsFrom 4776 de‐duplicated records, five studies, with low to moderate overall risk of bias, were included. Forty‐six molecular allergens from 18 foods were investigated. Overall, the prevalence of sensitization was low, particularly for major allergens, and non‐existent for 10 molecular allergens (0% [95% CI 0–0.8]). The highest prevalence was seen for PR‐10 proteins, such as Cor a 1.04 (13.6% [95% CI 10.9–16.9]).ConclusionsAvailable data, primarily from North‐western Europe, indicate that sensitization to molecular food allergens is overall low. The highest estimates were found for cross‐reactive PR‐10 proteins. There were not enough studies to discern regional differences or perform meta‐analysis, highlighting the need for more population‐representative studies in order to elucidate patterns of sensitization to molecular food allergens in Europe.
Association between sustained virological response and clinical outcomes in patients with hepatitis C infection and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Parikh Neehar D. , Mehta Neil , Hoteit Maarouf A. , Yang Ju Dong , John Binu V. , Moon Andrew M. , Salgia Reena J. , Pillai Anjana , Kassab Ihab , Saeed Naba , Thyssen Emil , Nathani Piyush , McKinney Jeffrey , Chan Wesley , Durkin Claire , Connor Matthew , Alsudaney Manaf , Konjeti Rajesh , Durand Brenda , Nissen Nicholas N. , Kim Hannah P. , Paknikar Raghavendra , Rich Nicole E. , Schipper Matthew J. , Singal Amit G. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundSustained viral response (SVR) improves survival for patients with hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative treatment; however, the benefit of SVR in those with active HCC with a significant competing risk of mortality is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the association between SVR and outcomes in patients with active HCC.MethodsThe authors performed a multicenter, retrospective cohort study including consecutive adults with HCV cirrhosis and treatment‐naive HCC diagnosed between 2014 and 2018. Patients were stratified into two groups: active viremia (n = 431) and SVR before HCC diagnosis (n = 135). All patients underwent nonsurgical therapy as their initial treatment and were followed until liver transplantation, last follow‐up, or death. The primary outcome was incident or worsening hepatic decompensation within 6 months and the secondary outcome was overall survival. All analyses used inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTW) to account for differences between the nonrandomized cohorts.ResultsPost‐SVR patients had significantly lower odds of hepatic decompensation compared to viremic patients (odds ratio [OR], 0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06–0.59). Results were consistent among subgroups of patients with Child Pugh A cirrhosis (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.04–0.77), Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B/C HCC (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.04–0.65), and those receiving nonablative HCC therapies (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.07–0.67). However, in IPTW multivariable Cox regression, SVR was not associated with improved survival (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.56–1.12).ConclusionsPatients with HCV‐related HCC and SVR are less likely to experience hepatic decompensation than viremic patients, suggesting patients with HCC who are undergoing nonsurgical therapies may benefit from DAA treatment.
Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Fudosteine in Healthy Chinese Volunteers Under Fasting and Fed Conditions: A 4‐Way Replicate Crossover Study
Authors: Zhu Mingxue , Tao Yi , Pu Junliang , Zhao Hongtao , Wan Lei , Zhang Peilin , Tang Chengyong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe bioequivalence of a generic fudosteine tablet vs a brand‐named fudosteine tablet under fasting and fed conditions was evaluated in this study. This randomized, open‐label, single‐dose, 4‐way replicate, crossover, bioequivalence study included 64 healthy Chinese subjects (fasting cohort, n = 32; fed cohort, n = 32) who were assigned to receive a single 200‐mg dose of generic or brand‐named fudosteine. Blood samples were collected before dosing and up to 24 hours after dosing. The plasma concentrations of fudosteine were analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Safety was monitored. There were no significant differences in maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) from time 0 to time t (AUC0‐t), or AUC from time 0 to infinity (AUC0‐∞) between the test and reference formulations. However, food showed a significant effect on Cmax, AUC0‐t, and AUC0‐∞ for both generic and brand‐named fudosteine. The 90%CIs of the test/reference ratios of Cmax, AUC0‐t, and AUC0‐∞ were within the range of 80% to 125% under both fasting and fed conditions. No serious adverse events were reported. The bioequivalence between generic and brand‐named fudosteine under fasting and fed conditions was demonstrated. Both of them had good tolerance for healthy Chinese volunteers. In addition, food delayed the absorption of fudosteine, so taking this medicine before meals might be an optimized option.