bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community service nurses in primary healthcare clinics: Experiences of supervision and support from professional nurses
Authors: Zambodla Ayanda , Williams Margaret , Ricks Esmeralda 
Published: October 2022

Background: Newly qualified nurses in South Africa are required to undertake a compulsory 1-year community service (CS) in a public healthcare facility. They are not yet competent to work alone and require supervision and support from senior professional nurses.Aim: This study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of community service nurses (CSNs) regarding supervision and support from professional nurses at primary healthcare clinics (PHC).Setting: The study was conducted with CSNs who were working in PHC clinics in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB).Methods: A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 10 CSNs. Purposive sampling was used. Data were analysed using Tesch’s coding method of content analysis.Results: Two themes and six sub-themes emerged, the key themes being participants’ diverse needs related to CS placement at PHC clinics and participants’ social interaction with the professional nurses during CS.Conclusion: Supervision and support for the CSNs during their CS rotation was inadequate at most clinics in this study. Recommendations, based on findings, were made for an improved CS experience and further research.Contribution: The CSNs require supervision and support in the CS year, particularly in PHC clinics, clearly presented in this study. The findings of the study can be used to improve the experience of CS for CSNs in the PHC setting in NMB.
Feeding practices and micronutrient status of children aged 0–36 months in Thulamela Municipality, Limpopo province
Authors: Mugware Anzani , Motadi Selekane A. , Mushaphi Lindelani F. 
Published: October 2022

Background: Micronutrient deficiency continues to be a major public health problem affecting infants and young children under 5 years of age worldwide.Aim: The study aims to investigate feeding practices and micronutrient status of children aged 0–36 months.Setting: The study was conducted at government clinics located in Thulamela Municipality, which is one of the local municipalities in Vhembe District, Limpopo province.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. A total of 250 mothers with children aged 0–36 months were enrolled. A structured questionnaire was used to interview the mothers. Biochemical measurements of children were assessed using standard procedures.Results: Only 7.6% of children were exclusively breastfed for 6 months. Majority (87.5%) of the children were introduced to complementary foods before 6 months and 98.8% of the children had a low dietary diversity score of less than four, while 9.2% had a dietary diversity score of more than four. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency, anaemia and iron deficiency was 21.7%, 53.6% and 13.1%, respectively. For mothers who initiated breastfeeding immediately after delivery, the odds of children having low ferritin were 0.11 times, as compared to children who were initiated breastfeeding a day after delivery (odds ratio = 0.11; 95% confidence interval = 0.015–0.812).Conclusion: Most of the children were introduced to complementary foods earlier than 6 months of age. Infant feeding practices were associated with micronutrients status.Contribution: The study contributes to the body of literature on feeding practices and the micronutrient status of children.
Vitamin D3 is well Correlated with Anti-Helicobacter pylori Immunoglobulins and could be a well Biomarker for Immunity Competence against the Disease
Authors: Absalan Abdorrahim , Meghdadian Mojdeh , Keyhan Nadia , Azadi Davood , Parto Fereshteh , Absalan Zahra 
Published: October 2022

Background:

Helicobacter pylori (HPY) provokes gastrointestinal disorders and gastric cancer. We supposed that HPY disrupts the 25-OH-Vitamin-D3 (Vit.D3) absorption. We evaluated the association between Vit.D3 and anti-HPY immunoglobulins (Igs) and the Vit.D3 potency as a predictive biomarker for HPY infection.

Materials and Methods:
603 patients’ raw data were gathered from a private clinical laboratory. Anti-HPY Igs including serum IgG, IgA, and IgM, in addition to HPY-stool antigen, were assessed by the immunoassay methods. Vit.D3 was determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Correlations, ordinal comparisons, cutoff points (COP), and odds ratio (OR) were estimated.

Results:
The age mean ± standard deviation was 39.83 ± 18.426 for female and 38.82 ± 16.937 for male participants (P = 0.521). Significant correlations existed after age and gender adjustment between Vit.D3 serum levels and the HPY IgG (R = 0.298) and IgA (R = 0.271) but not for IgM (R = −0.103). Approximately, 48% of males and 36% of females had insufficient/deficient Vit.D3 serum levels (male/female OR: 1.65; 1.16–2.33; P = 0.0051). After age and gender adjustment, the best COP of Vit.D3 to predict an HPY IgG-positive patient was Vit.D3 >32.80 ng/mL with 66.23% diagnostic accuracy (DAAC), 30.43% specificity (SPC), and 90.41% sensitivity (SEN). For the HPY IgA, the values were Vit.D3 >37.83 ng/mL, DAAC = 60.45%, SPC = 58.82%, SEN = 64.20%. For HPY IgM, the values were Vit.D3 >37.32 ng/mL, DAAC = 58.97%, SPC = 57.33%, and SEN = 100%.

Conclusions:
Vit.D3 had a good association with anti-HPY Igs and may be a good biomarker for immunity competence against HPY infection if the patient's age and gender are considered when interpreting the laboratory results.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Cancer Patients and the Causes of Tendency to Use Such Treatments in Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Hajigholami Ali , Moazam Elham , Salehi Milad , Ansari Hourieh 
Published: October 2022

Background and Aim:
The current study aimed to, first, investigate the frequency of cancer patients who receive complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), separated by the type of the disease, and second, to study their incentives and causes of use.

Materials and Methods:
Following a cross-sectional design, cancer cases referred to referral centers of cancer in Isfahan province were studied. Data were collected using a researcher-developed checklist that included type of the disease, complementary medicine, and causes of a tendency to use CAM.

Results:
A total of 256 patients were studied. One hundred and sixty-three patients (63.7%) had a history of receiving CAM. Sixty-five percent of the patients were satisfied with their CAM treatment. Patients with breast cancer had the highest prevalence of CAM use (72.2%), which was more than other types of cancers (P = 0.046). There was no significant association between the frequency of CAM use and the patient characteristics such as age, level of education, marital status, and gender (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
It is evident that the majority of patients with cancer are using CAM modulates and are satisfied with it. They want to try every possible way to cure. Physicians should consider the likelihood that their patient is taking CAM and adopt appropriate strategies to address the issue.
Antibacterial Effect of Some Eukaryotic Sterol Biosynthesis Inhibitors
Authors: Arjmand Ghasem , Haeri Mohammad Reza 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Isoprenoids and their derivatives are building blocks for the synthesis of biomolecules with important biological functions such as cholesterol in eukaryotes and lipid carrier undecaprenol, which is involved in cell wall biosynthesis in bacteria. With the global threat of multidrug-resistant bacteria, there is a need for finding new metabolic targets for killing bacteria. In the present study, we examined the impact of eukaryotic sterol biosynthesis inhibitors on the growth of four pathogenic bacteria.

Materials and Methods:
Antibacterial effect of HMG CoA reductase inhibitor (simvastatin), farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase inhibitor (alendronate), squalene epoxidase inhibitor (terbinafine), and lanosterol demethylase inhibitor (ketoconazole) were studied against four pathogenic bacteria: two gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis and two gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Broth microdilution method was used for assessing the antibacterial susceptibility of the components using 96 well plats. MIC and MBC were determined visibly.

Results:
MIC of Ketoconazole for Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were 0.166 and 1 mg/mL, respectively. Terbinafine had a weak inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 8 mg/mL). Ketoconazole and terbinafine had no inhibitory effect on gram-negative bacteria. MBC of Simvastatin for both Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis was 0.5 mg/mL and of Alendronate for Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 6.6 mg/mL.

Conclusion:
Our results show that farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase and class II HMG-CoA reductases inhibitors (ketoconazole and simvastatin) have reasonable antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria. These two enzymes provide suitable targets for designing new antibiotics based on modifying the chemical structure of currently used drugs to obtain maximum activity.
Supporting student writing and other modes of learning and assessment: a staff guide
Authors: Abegglen Sandra , Burns Tom , Sinfield Sandra 
Published: October 2022

Academic writing in Higher Education (HE) is contested practice freighted with meaning, never more so than for widening participation students, still placed as ‘outsiders’ and often left feeling unwelcome and ‘un-voiced’. Ironically, as Molinari (2022) argues, universities were originally more diverse in form and content, not heavily ‘literate’ but oral, discursive and creative. As HE has become ostensibly more ‘open’ the system has become more normative, more formally rule-bound, more ‘written’ – and hence more exclusive. A recent example in the UK is the Office for Students’ attack on inclusive assessment, pushing instead for more emphasis on spelling, punctuation and grammar.

Alongside this tension, many in the Learning Development (LD) community feel that discipline academics do not see the ‘teaching’ of academic writing as part of their pedagogic and assessment repertoire, preferring to send students to LD ‘to be fixed’. However, academics and LDs engaged in discussion and free writing (Elbow 1998, 1999) on this topic at a LondonMet L&T Conference presented views that were more nuanced and sympathetic. There was a deep appreciation of the ‘real’ work that academic writing does with and for students; but also a sense that they did not know how to build writing into their practice(s). And so was born this staff Guide: a playful, creative and yet intensely practical guide for academic staff who want to empower their students to write – often, playfully, experimentally – on their way to ‘becoming’, and becoming academic. Presenting the Guide in the resource showcase allowed us to highlight the continuing centrality of writing. Lecturers and university staff can use it to engage students in ‘writing to learn’ rather than ‘learning to write’.
Working outside the box: breaking down barriers with a Learning Development Peer Mentor scheme
Authors: Thomas Sam , Mansfield Sheryl 
Published: October 2022

Peer learning is simply described as involving students from similar social groupings helping each other to learn (Topping, 2007). A recent document by the European Centre for Supplemental Instruction-Peer Assisted Study Sessions (SI PASS) (2019) highlighted that 32 universities in the UK provide a system of peer support, and these vary both in how they operate and their nomenclature: schemes could be framed as peer assisted learning, peer assisted study sessions or peer mentoring. Our aim was to create a supplementary, peer-led service which provides students with engaging, timely guidance and develops effective learning relationships based on parity and equality (Collier, 2015). We decided to use a similar approach to the Student Learning Assistant model of Price et al. (2019), where the Learning Development (LD) Mentors offer support to students from any disciplinary subject.
Eight students were recruited and funded to offer peer support to all students within the institution. All are current second and third year students who work four hours per week supplementing the LD provision via a daily drop-in as well as leading ongoing projects and tasks, including resource development and evaluation. A key driver is reaching students who do not currently use the LD provision by developing resources in physical spaces and digital platforms previously unused in our work (e.g. in student halls and using platforms like Discord and TikTok). We will offer a perspective on the benefits and issues encountered when working with LD mentors, evaluate how the role was co-created with the students and assess the impact it has had on wider student engagement.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PKN DENGAN MENGUNAKAN METODE DISKUSI DI SMPN 3 MUARA BUNGO
Authors: Abdulah Abdulah 
Published: October 2022

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah penerapan metode diskusi dapat meningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII SMPN 3 Muara Bungo pada mata pelajaran PKn pokok bahasan keadaulatan rakyat. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII SMPN 3 Muara Bungo dengan menerapkan metode diskusi pada mata pelajaran PKn. Untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar PKn siswa kelas VIII maka yang harus diakukan adalah observasi awal, untuk mengetahui kemampuan awal yang dimiliki siswa sebelum digunakan metode diskusi dalam proses pembelajaran. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang menghasilkan data-data deskriptif berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan prilaku yang diamati. Sesuai dengan tujuan dalam penelitian ini maka metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Untuk lebih mengakuratkan hasil yang diperoleh, maka setelah akhir setiap tindakan, peneliti melakukan evaluasi terhadap hal-hal yang telah dilaksanakan. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa data yang diperoleh data hasil observasi kegiatan guru dan kegiatan siswa. Hasil tingkat kemampuan siswa bekerjasama dalam kelompok pada saat belajar Kewarganegaraan dengan menggunakan metode diskusi pada kelas VIII1 adalah terkatagori “Sangat Baik” dengan persentase sebesar 93,43%, dan Hasil tingkat kemampuan siswa bekerjasama dalam kelompok pada saat belajar Kewarganegaraan dengan menggunakan metode diskusi pada kelas VIII2 adalah terkatagori “Sangat Baik” dengan persentase sebesar 93,43%,. Dengan demikian dapat diketahui bahwa penerapan metode diskusi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar PKn siswa kelas VIII SMPN 3 Muara Bungo.
IMPROVING THE ACHIEVEMENT OF LEARNING ENGLISH THROUGH COOPERATIVE LEARNING OF NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER MODEL IN CLASS IXC STUDENTS OF SMPN 3 MUARA BUNGO
Authors: Harneli Harneli 
Published: October 2022

This research is motivated by the following problems: (a) Does the cooperative learning of the Numbered Head Together model affect English learning outcomes (b) How high is the level of mastery of English subject matter with the application of the Numbered Head Together cooperative learning method. The objectives of this study were: (a) To reveal the effect of cooperative learning of the Numbered Head Together model on English learning outcomes. (b) Want to know how much understanding and mastery of English subjects after the implementation of cooperative learning model Numbered Head Together.This research uses action research as many as three rounds. Each round consists of four stages, namely: design, activities and observations, reflection, and revision. The targets of this study were students of Class IXC at SMPN 3 Muara Bungo. The data obtained are in the form of formative test results, observation sheets of teaching and learning activities. The results showed that student learning achievement had increased from cycle I to cycle III, namely, cycle I (60.71%), cycle II (75.00%), cycle III (89.29%). The conclusion of this research is that the cooperative method of the Numbered Head Together model can have a positive effect on the learning motivation of the Class IXC students of SMPN 3 Muara Bungo and this learning model can be used as an alternative to English.
Исследование памятников эпохи Улуса Джучи на территории Актюбинской области в 2022 г.
Authors: Бисембаев Арман Ауганович , Хаванский Алексей , Жанузак Рамазан , Ахатов Газиз , Майтеков Даниял 
Published: October 2022

Статья посвящена последним исследованиям памятников эпохи Улуса Джучи на территории Актюбинской области. Изучение памятников развитого и позднего средневековья проводилось по трем основным направлениям – обработка и анализ имеющихся материалов, полученных в результате исследований по территории области со 2-й пол. XIX в. по нынешнее время; проведение разведочных мероприятий по выявлению наиболее перспективных районов расположения золотоордынских памятников и рекогносцировочные раскопки. Обследование по Уило-Кобдинскому локальному микрорайону было связано с исследованием крупного некрополя и поселения Коптам, окрестностей культового мавзолея Абат Байтак. Расположенный на берегу Каргалинского вдхр. мавзолей Кызылтам так же в позднем средневековье был маркером центра крупной кочевой группы. На памятниках Улуса Джучи отчетливо прослеживаются этапы постепенной исламизации населения, когда погребальный обряд проходит «стандартизацию», а в комплектах инвентаря наблюдается распространение общей моды, т. н. «имперского» стиля. По погребальным памятникам прослеживается принудительная переселенческая политика монгольских ханов, присутствуют объекты, связанные с южносибирским населением.
Об одном погребально-поминальном обряде у ранних саков
Authors: Самашев Зайнолла 
Published: October 2022

В статье анализируется группа погребальных памятников раннего железного века в Восточном Казахстане и в ряде прилегающих к нему территорий (Курук-II, Кондратьевка-XXI, Солонечные белки/Топкайын, Майемер, Гилево-10, Машенка-1, Чекановский лог-10 и др.), в которые входили курганы, содержавшие сопроводительные захоронения лошади, барана (МРС), а в одном случае дополнительно и собаки. Некоторая вариация в практике реализации данного обряда перехода – животные в одной камере с человеком, иногда в отдельной яме, наличие подбойной камеры или каменного ящика – показатель локального этнографического разнообразия. Выделены два ареала этого явления: курукский (курукско-кондратьевско-гилевский) и верхнебухтарминский. Интересно, что элементы погребальной обрядности населения региона раннесакского времени в некоторой степени перекликаются с отдельными ведическими традициями, связанными с жертвоприношениями в честь высших божеств религиозного пантеона различных животных в иерархической последовательности – лошадь – баран (козел) – собака. В контексте анализа материала автор обращает внимание на жертвенную позу лошадей в сопроводительных захоронениях, контур которых повторяет изгиб могильной ямы, вызывая ассоциации со свернувшимся в кольцо кошачьим хищником. В целом, элементы погребального обряда интерпретируются автором как узколокальное культурно-хронологическое явление.
Pengaruh olahraga tim dalam memotivasi belajar senam kebugaran jasmani: kasus model pembelajaran team battle
Authors: Swardiyasa I Made Siman 
Published: October 2022

Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan merupakan pendidikan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kebugaran dan kesehatan peserta didik baik jasmani maupun rohaninya. Akan tetapi, tidak semua materi keterampilan olahraga dapat dipraktekkan di sekolah. Hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya fasilitas yang memadai serta waktu untuk melakukan olahraga tersebut hanya 1 minggu sekali tiap kelasnya. Apalagi jika harus mengajar 2 rombel dengan jumlah peserta didik di atas 25 orang. Karena terbatasnya waktu yang ada oleh jadwal Ujian Sekolah, libur hari raya, dan pertemuan hanya satu kali dalam satu minggu. Hal ini sangat tidak memungkinkan untuk memotivasi belajar peserta didik terutama untuk melatih gerakan Senam Kebugaran Jasmani dalam waktu singkat. Senam Kebugaran Jasmani merupakan gerakan yang kuat, cepat dan serasi serta dinamis dengan mengikuti irama lagu atau musik serta terdiri dari 3 tahap yaitu pemanasan, inti dan pendinginan serta gerakannya dapat diikuti oleh semua orang. Tujuan diberikannya Senam Kebugaran Jasmani yaitu untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani peserta didik sehingga peserta didik tetap dalam keadaan sehat dan bugar serta mampu melakukan aktivitas setiap hari dengan baik. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian deskriptif dilakukan dengan cara mencari informasi berkaitan dengan gejala yang ada, dijelaskan dengan jelas tujuan yang akan diraih, merencanakan bagaimana melakukan pendekatannya, dan mengumpulkan berbagai macam data sebagai bahan untuk membuat laporan. Sedangkan model pembelajaran yang digunakan yaitu dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Team Battle. Model pembelajaran ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar senam kebugaran jasmani peserta didik dalam bentuk kelompok. Team Battle terdiri dari dua suku kata yaitu, Team dan Battle. Team berarti tim atau kelompok atau regu, sedangkan Battle berarti pertempuran atau perlombaan. Jadi Team Battle memiliki arti Pertempuran Tim yang artinya hampir sama dengan pertandingan atau perlombaan antar tim. Diibaratkan sebagai satu pasukan, jika ingin menang mereka harus melakukan pertempuran terlebih dahulu. Untuk penilaian lomba Team Battle, dari akumulasi nilai 3 orang juri sehingga ada dua tim mendapat nilai total tertinggi yaitu tim Rebung dan tim Sixstar dengan poin 2500. Sedangkan untuk hasil motivasi peserta didik secara keseluruhan, yang didapat dari hasil instrumen motivasi belajar peserta didik sebanyak 60 orang yaitu 87,97%.
Automatic cell type annotation using supervised classification: A systematic literature review
Authors: Hia Nazifa Tasnim , Sumon Ahmed  
Published: October 2022

Single-cell sequencing gives us the opportunity to analyze cells on an individual level rather than at a population level. There are different types of sequencing based on the stage and portion of the cell from where the data are collected. Among those Single Cell RNA seq is most widely used and most application of cell type annotation has been on Single-cell RNA seq data. Tools have been developed for automatic cell type annotation as manual annotation of cell type is time-consuming and partially subjective. There are mainly three strategies to associate cell type with gene expression profiles of single cell by using marker genes databases, correlating expression data, transferring levels by supervised classification. In this SLR, we present a comprehensive evaluation of the available tools and the underlying approaches to perform automated cell type annotations on scRNA-seq data.