bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring social capital for family caregivers of patients with chronic organ failure: study protocol for a concept mapping study
Authors: Ng Marques Shek Nam , So Winnie Kwok Wei , Choi Kai Chow , Chan Wallace Chi Ho , Chan Helen Yue Lai , Chan Carmen Wing Han 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionMany family caregivers experience significant burdens, especially those who take care of patients with chronic organ failure. Although the social welfare system offers some material assistance, a more sustainable approach to supporting caregivers is warranted. This study aims to explore the social capital (ie, the internal strengths of a community that facilitate different social roles) available for these family caregivers.Methods and analysisA participatory design based on Trochim’s concept mapping framework will be used in this study. A total of 119 participants, including patients, family caregivers, professionals and other community members, will be recruited from the community. The study will be divided into three phases. In Phase I, qualitative methods will be used to prepare and generate statements. Participants will be asked to share their views on social capital for family caregivers through interviews. In Phase II, quantitative methods will be used to arrange these statements into a concept map, and participants will be asked to complete a questionnaire to prioritise the statements. Statistical methods will be used to create a map based on the responses. In Phase III, the concept map will be used to formulate action plans. The findings will be presented to the public to produce recommendations for social policy.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by The Chinese University of Hong Kong Survey and Behavioural Research Ethics Committee (Reference No.: SBRE-20-714). Informed consent will be obtained from all participants. This study will reveal which forms of social capital can be mobilised to support family caregivers of patients with chronic organ failure. Recommendations on policies to improve the caregiving experience, strengthen social capital and enhance social care will be produced. Findings will be disseminated through academic conferences and journals, as well as local media to create a greater social impact.Trial registration numberChiCTR2100044171.
Automating scattering amplitudes with chirality flow
Authors: Lifson Andrew , Sjödahl Malin , Wettersten Zenny 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecently we introduced the chirality-flow formalism, a method which builds on the spinor-helicity formalism and is inspired by the color-flow idea in QCD. With this formalism, Feynman rules and diagrams are simplified to the extent that it is often possible to immediately, by hand, write down a helicity amplitude given a Feynman diagram. In this paper we show that the method can also speed up numerical evaluation of scattering amplitudes by considering $$e^+ e^-$$

e
+

e
-

going to n photons in a MadGraph-based tree-level implementation. We find that the computation time is reduced by roughly a factor ten for six photons, and that it scales better with the number of external particles than the default MadGraph5_aMC@NLO implementation. This performance gain is in part attributed to the more compact Lorentz structures involved, and in part due to a transparent choice of gauge reference vectors which reduces the number of Feynman diagrams considered.
A Deep Convolutional Neural Network Stacked Ensemble for Malware Threat Classification in Internet of Things
Authors: Naeem Hamad , Cheng Xiaochun , Ullah Farhan , Jabbar Sohail , Dong Shi 
Published: June 2022

Malicious attacks to software applications are on the rise as more people use Internet of things (IoT) devices and high-speed internet. When a software system crash happens caused by malicious action, a malware imaging method can examine the application. In this study, we present a novel malware classification method that captures suspected operations in a variety of discrete size image features, allowing us to identify such IoT device malware families. To decrease deep neural network training time, essential local and global image features are selected using a combined local and global feature descriptor (LBP-GLCM). The classification performance of the proposed deep learning model is improved by combining the predictions of weak learners (CNNs) and using them as knowledge input to a multi-layer perceptron meta learner. This is a neural network ensemble with stacked generalization that is used to improve network generalization ability. The public dataset used for performance evaluation contains 5472 samples from 11 different malware families. In order to compare the proposed methodology to current malware detection systems, we developed a baseline experiment. The proposed approach improved malware classification results to 98.5% accuracy and 98.4% accuracy when using [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] image sizes, respectively. Overall, the results showed that the stacked generalization ensemble with multi-step extracting features is a more effective method for classification performance and response time.
Essential Expectations of Users of Web Configurators: An Empirical Survey
Authors: Leclercq Tony , Abbasi Ebrahim Khalil , Dumas Bruno , Remiche Marie-Ange , Heymans Patrick 
Published: June 2022

Web configurators are increasingly used to support mass customisation of all sorts of products and services. As these business-critical applications become more and more widespread, users with different profiles and expectations, as well as increasingly complex products and services, have to be addressed during the configurator's design process.
While past research on product configuration has focused on knowledge representation and automated reasoning, researchers have paid less attention to the design and evaluation of user experience. This paper is the first to perform an in-depth study of the user's perspective on configurators. It identifies the users' favourite perceived values and qualities as well as the undesired defects of configurators. It also ranks these items by order of importance and investigates which characteristics of configurators influence, positively or negatively, the perceived values.
To achieve this, a questionnaire-based survey was performed. Users were asked to answer detailed questions about their perceptions of configurators and influencing characteristics. The responses shows that the validity of the customised product and its adequacy in matching user's needs and preferences are the most desired perceived values. The study also identifies usability and product visualisation as the favourite qualities. Consequently, their absence, in addition to the absence of configuration progress and state indicator, are the worst defects. These and other observations detailed in the paper are a first step towards the systematic definition of guidelines for optimizing user experience in Web configurators.
Antitumor Proliferation and Related Mechanism of Ultrasound Irradiation Combined with Safflower Yellow
Authors: Li Gen , Xu Lijun , Wang Xiaoli 
Published: June 2022

Ultrasound irradiation is now the best method for evaluating benign and malignant tumor nodules. Chemotherapy has always played an important role in the treatment of malignant tumors. With the large-scale application of chemotherapy drugs, the problem of multidrug resistance of tumors has become more and more prominent, which has become one of the difficulties in tumor chemotherapy. This study mainly explores the antitumor proliferation and related mechanisms of ultrasound irradiation combined with safflower yellow. The breast cancer cell line 4T1 derived from BALB/c mice was selected. BALB/c is an albino laboratory mouse, which, like many commonly used sublines, originated from Mus musculus. BALB/c mice have been bred for more than 200 generations in research institutions around the world and are widely used in animal experiments in immunology and physiology. When the cell proliferation reached 80%–90% of the bottom area of the culture flask, it was resuspended, passaged, frozen, and resuscitated according to experimental needs. The 4T1 breast cancer cell line was cultured by conventional methods. 4T1 breast cancer cells in the logarithmic proliferation phase were collected. After 0.25% was digested with pancreatin, it was washed twice with PBS to adjust the concentration to 1 × 107/mL. A 0.1 mL tumor cell suspension was subcutaneously inoculated on the edge of the mouse chest, thereby establishing a breast cancer model of BALB/c mice. After 6-15 days, the tumor volume grew rapidly and became larger. When the length of the tumor is 2.5 × 2.5, the modeling is successful. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction technology, as a novel drug delivery method with high efficiency and low toxicity, can form transient pores (sonoporation effect) on the cell surface, widen the intercellular space, and increase the membrane permeability, and thus effectively. The transport of drugs, genes, proteins, etc., is promoted to target organs and tissues. Tumor-forming mice were randomly divided into the following four groups: control group, safflower yellow group, ultrasound irradiation group, and ultrasound irradiation combined with safflower yellow group. From the second day of inoculation to the end of the experiment, the body weight of the mice successfully inoculated with 4T1 cells was measured every day; from the 5th day, tumors in each group were calculated body volume and tumor inhibition rate (TIR) of each group. The combined treatment group has a higher tumor inhibition rate than the ultrasound irradiation group, and the difference is statistically significant (

P

< 0.05). Ultrasound irradiation combined with safflower yellow pigment can effectively inhibit tumor proliferation, maintain, or even improve the efficacy of chemotherapy, thereby improving the patient’s tolerance to chemotherapy.
Beyond T Cells: IgA Incites Immune Recognition in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Osorio Juan C. , Zamarin Dmitriy 
Published: June 2022

While T cells are established major players in antitumor immunity, tumor-associated B cells and antibodies have recently emerged as critical components in modulating immunity in the tumor microenvironment. In the current issue of Cancer Research, Mandal and colleagues show that tumor-infiltrating B cells are associated with improved outcomes in endometrial cancers. Mechanistically, the investigators demonstrate that the immune response is mediated by class-switched IgA binding to the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor in tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell–intrinsic activation of inflammatory pathways. These findings highlight that coordinated B-cell and T-cell responses may predict improved outcomes in patients with endometrial cancer and set the groundwork to further investigate the mechanisms by which humoral immunity could be exploited for cancer immunotherapy.See related article by Mandal et al., p. 859
Do Universo Privado ao Espaço Aberto, do Espaço Aberto ao Universo Privado - Recepção e Gênese de L´Étranger de Albert Camus
Authors: Geske Samara 
Published: June 2022

Este artigo pretende traçar linhas gerais sobre a recepção e a gênese de L’Étranger , passando pelo universo privado dos primeiros leitores do manuscrito até chegar ao espaço aberto de seus primeiros críticos, para do espaço aberto da obra publicada retornar o universo privado do processo de criação do romance.
Nuer e Burundi: autoridade e poder em duas sociedades africanas
Authors: Rego Antônio Carlos Pojo do 
Published: June 2022

Desta forma, a hipótese central deste trabalho, que se pretende primeiramente como descritivo, seria uma tentativa de relacionar a rigidez do sistema político burundi em contraste com a fluidez do nuer em função das demandas exercidas pela situação de castas em que o primeiro se desenvolveu. A autonomização da instância política em Burundi, com o consequente reforço do aparato estatal e a predominância da função de dominação política sobre a de coordenação social estaria diretamente ligada à presença, na sociedade "civil", de uma maioria étnica subjugada. Desta forma, a centralização do poder teria sido o preço pago pelos pastores nilóticos para poderem fazer frente à realidade da maioria hutu que era preciso subjugar.
No antigamente, na vida. Estória d´água gorda: uma proposta de leitura
Authors: Moraes Fernanda Bastos 
Published: June 2022

Editado pela primeira vez em 1974, No antigamente, na vida é na realidade um tríptico, do qual escolhemos a "tábua" central para objeto de nossa reflexão – "Estória d'água gorda" – que se encontra entre "Lá, em Tetembuatubia" e"Memória narrativa ao sol de Kinaxixi". Antes de propormos uma entre as várias possíveis leituras do texto, achamos válido fazer algumas considerações de ordem geral, com vistas a explicitar o caminho seguido pela nossa reflexão e precisar o sentido de alguns conceitos que a nortearam.
Invasive Versus Medical Management in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Non–ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Majmundar Monil , Ibarra Gabriel , Kumar Ashish , Doshi Rajkumar , Shah Palak , Mehran Roxana , Reed Grant W. , Puri Rishi , Kapadia Samir R. , Bangalore Sripal , Kalra Ankur 
Published: June 2022

Background
The role of invasive management compared with medical management in patients with non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) is uncertain, given the increased risk of procedural complications in patients with CKD. We aimed to compare clinical outcomes of invasive management with medical management in patients with NSTEMI‐CKD.

Methods and Results

We identified NSTEMI and CKD stages 3, 4, 5, and end‐stage renal disease admissions using
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification
(
ICD‐10‐CM
) codes from the Nationwide Readmission Database 2016 to 2018. Patients were stratified into invasive and medical management. Primary outcome was mortality (in‐hospital and 6 months after discharge). Secondary outcomes were in‐hospital postprocedural complications (acute kidney injury requiring dialysis, major bleeding) and postdischarge 6‐month safety and major adverse cardiovascular events. Out of 141 052 patients with NSTEMI‐CKD, 85 875 (60.9%) were treated with invasive management, whereas 55 177 (39.1%) patients were managed medically. In propensity‐score matched cohorts, invasive strategy was associated with lower in‐hospital (CKD 3: odds ratio [OR], 0.47 [95% CI, 0.43–0.51];
P
<0.001; CKD 4: OR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.69–0.89];
P
<0.001; CKD 5: OR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.49–1.06];
P
=0.096; end‐stage renal disease: OR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.46–0.56];
P
<0.001) and 6‐month mortality. Invasive management was associated with higher in‐hospital postprocedural complications but no difference in postdischarge safety outcomes. Invasive management was associated with a lower hazard of major adverse cardiovascular events at 6 months in all CKD groups compared with medical management.

Conclusions
Invasive management was associated with lower mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events but minimal increased in‐hospital complications in patients with NSTEMI‐CKD compared with medical management, suggesting patients with NSTEMI‐CKD should be offered invasive management.
Spatiotemporal Variations in Shanghai Metro Commuting Flows during Rainfall Events
Authors: Huang Sheng , Li Weijiang , Wen Jiahong , Zhu Mengru , Lu Yao , Wu Na 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Driven by both climate change and urbanization, extreme rainfall events are becoming more frequent and having an increasing impact on urban commuting. Using hourly rainfall data and “metro” origin–destination (OD) flow data in Shanghai, China, this study uses the Prophet time series model to calculate the predicted commuting flows during rainfall events and then quantifies the spatiotemporal variations of commuting flows due to rainfall at station and OD levels. Our results show the following: 1) In general, inbound commuting flows at metro stations tend to decrease with hourly rainfall intensity, varying across station types. The departure time of commuters is usually delayed by rainfall, resulting in a significant stacking effect of inbound flows at metro stations, with a pattern of falling followed by rising. The sensitivity of inbound flows to rainfall varies at different times, high at 0700 and 1700 LT and low at 0800, 0900, 1800, and 1900 LT because of the different levels of flexibility of departure time. 2) Short commuting OD flows (≤15 min) are more affected by rainfall, with an average increase of 7.3% and a maximum increase of nearly 35%, whereas long OD flows (>15 min) decrease slightly. OD flows between residential and industrial areas are more affected by rainfall than those between residential and commercial (service) areas, exhibiting a greater fluctuation of falling followed by rising. The sensitivity of OD flows to rainfall varies across metro lines. The departure stations of rainfall-sensitive lines are mostly distributed in large residential areas that rely heavily on the metro in the morning peak hours and in large industrial parks and commercial centers in the evening peak hours. Our findings reveal the spatiotemporal patterns of commuting flows resulting from rainfall at a finer scale, which provides a sound basis for spatial and temporal response strategies. This study also suggests that attention should be paid to the surges and stacking effects of commuting flows at certain times and areas during rainfall events.
Analyzing higher education performance by entropy - TOPSIS method: A case study in Viet Nam private universities
Authors: Wang Tien-Chin , Thu Nguyen Thuy T , Phan Binh N 
Published: June 2022

The development in both quantity and quality of the system of private universities over the past time has created great opportunities for people to study and improve their qualifications and working skills. It is also challenging for educational managers to find the right university development strategy in today's competitive environment. Therefore, evaluating the effectiveness of using private universities resource to analyze training performance is considered one of the issues. In this study, the Entropy method is used to determine the weight of the criteria. Then the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used to determine the ranking order of the private universities. Next, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was applied to evaluate the correlation between rank-ordered variables over the 2 years of analysis selection. Finally, ANOVA was used to compare the criteria between groups of universities. The combination of methods contributes to creating an objective environment in assessing the performance of each university. Thereby, universities can see the important criteria to pay attention to, creating a premise for universities to establish strategies for development and competition. At the same time, educational leaders have the right perspective in choosing key universities to invest in finance and facilities.
Intensivist -Driven Ventilator Management Shortens Duration of Mechanical Ventilation in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Patients
Authors: Dollin Yonatan , Elliott Brian , Markert Ronald , Morman Angela , Koroscil Matthew 
Published: June 2022

Background Prolonged mechanical ventilation in post Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG) is associated with deleterious effects including, increased ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS), infectious complications, and mortality. Standardized ventilator weaning protocols and the utilization of critical care physicians in post CABG patient care vary substantially among institutions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if intensivist consultation in conjunction with a multidisciplinary, standardized ventilator weaning protocol improves outcomes in CABG patients. Materials and Methods We performed a single-center, retrospective, before-after cohort analysis at Miami Valley Hospital in Dayton, OH, a 970-bed community hospital. Patients were divided into two arms: the before cohort or delayed-consult group (critical care consult after six hours on ventilator) and after cohort or immediate-consult group (immediate critical care consult). All patients were weaned from ventilator using a standardized weaning protocol. Results A total of 764 patients were enrolled, 411 in the delayed-consult group and 353 in the immediate-consult group. The immediate-consult group had less time on initial mechanical ventilation than the delayed-consult group (5.86 ± 4.75 h vs. 6.00 ± 6.64 h, P = 0.038). The small advantages to immediate critical care consultation for higher percent of early extubations, fewer re-intubations, shorter ICU LOS, and lower rate of ICU readmission were not statistically significant. The two groups had similar ventilator free days, prolonged mechanical ventilation, hospital LOS, and in-hospital mortality. Conclusion Our study suggests that intensivist-driven ventilator management in conjunction with a multidisciplinary standardized weaning protocol shortens duration of mechanical ventilation in coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients.
Recurrent macrophage activation syndrome as the initial manifestation of paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Dey Sonali , Roongta Rashmi , Mondal Sumantro , Haldar Subhankar , Sircar Geetabali , Ghosh Biswadip , Ghosh Alakendu 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) is a rare but potentially fatal complication in rheumatic diseases. Here, we report the case of a 14-year-old girl with MAS as the primary manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). She had three episodes of MAS during the course of her treatment. This case is unique as recurrent MAS in pediatric SLE is rare. Methods: Demographic, clinical, laboratory features and outcomes of our patient was noted. We also reviewed the two reported cases of recurrent MAS in pediatric SLE. Literature review was performed on PubMed search forum. Search items included Macrophage activation syndrome, pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus, recurrent MAS. Conclusion: The diagnosis and management of MAS are challenging as it can simulate an infectious complication or can be the exacerbation of the underlying disease. Early detection and prompt treatment can reduce morbidity in these patients.
Preparation and characterization of electrospun nanofiber membrane from polyvinyl alcohol loaded with Glycyrrhiza glabra extract
Authors: Shahid Md Abdus , Khan Md Shablu 
Published: June 2022

This study was designed to form an electrospun nanofiber membrane generated from different ratio of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) extract. The electrospinning process was used to fabricate the nanofiber membrane using maximum amount of licorice extract solution. 90% licorice extract solution was successfully electrospun to fabricate nano membrane with 10% PVA solution. Antibacterial, cytotoxicity, scanning electron microscope (SEM) test were performed on resulted sample. The outstanding performance against Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus) by forming inhibition zone of 15 mm was observed. On the vero cell line, cell cytotoxicity was found, with only a few numbers of cells (less than 5%) surviving after exposure to the material. SEM investigation reveals fiber production with a diameter of (245.54 ± 55.19) nm on average. Moreover, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and moisture management test were performed. FT-IR spectra analysis confirmed the presence of licorice components in the membrane. Moisture analysis proved it as a better absorbing material. Since the fabricated membrane were proven to have bacteriostatic activity, it can be employed as wound healing.