bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi Objective Simulation-Optimization Operation of Dam Reservoir in Low water Regions Based on Hedging Principles
Authors: Mansouri Sedighe , Fathian Hossein , Shahbazi Alireza Nikbakht , Lour Mehdi Asadi , Asareh Ali 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The high level of reliability of water resources is always an advantage for consumers, but in arid and semi-arid regions where the inflow to the reservoir is faced with severe fluctuations, it makes sense to decrease the percentage of reliability of the system and allocate less water to consumuption zones to prevent critical conditions such as emptying of the reservoir. In this research, the employed operaton modelis based on the simulation-optimization combination, which by considering the objectives of minimizing the violation of the allowed capacity of the new reservoir and maximizing the percentage of supplying the demands, the optimal hedging variables are specified through the reservoir simulator link to the MOPSO multi-objective optimization algorithm. According to the available data, the duration of the simulation and optimization period in the model is 360 months. After 1000 iterations, the optimal reservoir volume values ​​are obtained at the hedging level and hedging coefficient in different months. Finally, the model results are compared with the results obtained from the standard operation policy (SOP). The results show that the proposed model is able to manage the allocation to needs in the dry months and prevent the tank from emptying. Also, by storing a part of the flow in the reservoir in watery months and consuming it in low water months, it increases the supply of needs by 20 to 35% and reduce the failure rate in dry months.
A novel DOA estimation method of antenna array under strong interference
Authors: Zuo Ming , Xie Shuguo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the weak signal direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for an antenna array under strong interference signals, and a novel DOA estimation method is proposed for strong interference source suppression and weighted l1-norm sparse representation. The parallel adaptive beamforming algorithm based on power inversion is used to suppress strong interference and form a new array data, and the weighted matrix is determined according to the optimized subspace algorithm of the subspace projection. Then, the DOA estimation, which is calculated by weighted l1-norm sparse representation, is formed by the weighted matrix and new array data. In this paper, the superiority of proposed algorithm is illustrated by an example of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) video signal DOA estimation under strong interference signals. The simulated results of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal indicate that the proposed algorithm shows merits of less snapshots, sharper main lobe, lower average noise spectrum value, higher DOA estimation accuracy and success rate. For validation, an outdoor experiment was conducted, demonstrating that the proposed algorithm is superior to other algorithms and can be used for DOA estimation of UAV video signal under strong WiFi interferences. Both the simulations and experiments have verified the proposed algorithm can effectively suppress the strong interference and achieve better DOA estimation performance of weak signal.
Relationship between visuoperceptual functions and parietal structural abnormalities in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Fonseca Elena , Sarria-Estrada Silvana , Pareto Deborah , Turon Marc , Quintana Manuel , Santamarina Estevo , Abraira Laura , Tortajada Carlos , Rovira Àlex , Toledo Manuel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Progressive gray matter volume reductions beyond the epileptogenic area has been described in temporal lobe epilepsy. There is less evidence regarding correlations between gray and white matter volume changes and multi-domain cognitive performance in this setting. We aimed to investigate correlations between volume changes in parietal structures and visuospatial performance in temporal lobe epilepsy patients.Methods: we performed a cross-sectional study comparing global and regional brain volume data from 34 temporal lobe epilepsy patients and 30 healthy controls. 3D T1-weighted sequences were obtained on a 3.0 T magnet, and data were analyzed using age and sex-adjusted linear regression models. Global and regional brain volumes and cortical thickness in patients were correlated with standardized visual memory, visuoperceptual, visuospatial, and visuoconstructive parameters obtained in a per-protocol neuropsychological assessment.Results: temporal lobe epilepsy patients had smaller volume fractions of the deep gray matter structures, putamen and nucleus accumbens, and larger cerebrospinal fluid volume fraction than controls. Patients had worse scores in visual memory, attention, processing speed, and executive functions. Correlations were found between: 1) visual memory and precuneus and inferior parietal cortical thickness; 2) visuoperceptual performance and precuneus and supramarginal white matter volumes; 3) visuospatial skills and precuneus, postcentral, and inferior and superior parietal white matter volumes; 4) visuoconstructive performance and inferior parietal white matter volume. Conclusion: Brain volume loss is widespread in temporal lobe epilepsy. Volumetric reductions in parietal lobe structures were associated with visuoperceptual cognitive performance.
Popular Machine Learning Methods Tend to Over-Select Features
Authors: Liu Lu , Gao Junheng , Jung Sin-Ho , Beasley Georgia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Machine learning methods have been a standard approach to select features that are associated with an outcome and build a prediction model when the number of candidate features is large. Lasso has been one of the most popular approaches to this end. LASSO approach selects features with large regression estimates, rather than based on statistical significance, associating the outcome, while imposing L1-norm penalty to overcome the high dimensionality of the candidate features. As a result, LASSO may select insignificant features while possibly missing significant ones. Furthermore, from our experience, LASSO has been found to select too many features. By selecting features that are not associated with the outcome, we may have to spend more cost to collect and manage them in the future use of a fitted prediction model. Using the combination of L1- and L2-norm penalties, elastic net tends to select more features than LASSO. Results: The overly selected features that are not associated with the outcome play the role of white noise, so that the fitted prediction model loses the prediction accuracy. In this paper, we propose to use the standard regression methods (without any penalizing approach) with stepwise variable selection procedure to overcome these issues. Unlike the machine learning methods, this method selects features based on statistical significance. Through extensive simulations, we show that this maximum likelihood estimation based method selects very small number of features while maintaining a high prediction power, while the machine learning methods make a large number of false selections to result in loss of prediction accuracy. Conclusions: Contrary to the machine learning methods, the regression methods combined with a stepwise variable selection method is a standard statistical method, so that any biostatistician can use it to analyze high dimensional data even without advanced bioinformatics knowledge.
Identification of an additional N-glycosylation site and Thermostable mutations within the Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase gene of the Newcastle disease virus belonging to the VII.1.1 subgenotype.
Authors: Allymehr Manoochehr , Babaeimarzangou Seyed Sajjad , Allymehr Manochehr , Molouki Aidin , Talebi Alireza , Mehrabadi Mohammad Hossein Fallah 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is considered one of the most devastating avian viral pathogenic agents, causing a tremendous economic burden to the poultry industry worldwide. The current study was conducted to gain deep insights into the molecular and phylogenetic analyses of the complete hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) coding region among NDV isolates. The collected samples, obtained from different parts of Iran from July 2017 to February 2020, were used for phylogenic analysis during this study. The results confirmed the VII.1.1, which was previously known as subgenotype VIIL, as the predominant subgenotype circulating in commercial broiler farms of Iran. Identification of (a) an additional N-glycosylation site at position 144 (NIS); (b) mutations S315P and I369V related to increasing the viral thermostability; (C) cysteine residues at positions 123; (d) amino acid substitutions in the HN antigenic sites, especially the mutations I514V and E347Q, as well as the other mutant within HN binding sites of the VII.1.1 subgenotype, seems to suggest the idea that this new subgenotype of NDV may possess a high level of pathogenicity and virulence among other NDV subgenotypes. Furthermore, the annual rate of change based on the HN gene of Iranian NDV was calculated at about 1.8088E-3 from 2011 to 2020. In conclusion, the results demonstrate an additional N-glycosylation site at position 144 (NIS), which may alter the virulence of the isolates. Besides, finding the thermostable mutations (S315P and I369V) and the other amino acid substitutions among the VII.1.1 subgenotype isolates may lead to vaccination failure against this new NDV subgenotype.
Lectin histochemistry of posterior lingual glands of developing rats
Authors: Harada Kazuma , Miki Koji , Tanaka Susumu , Kogo Mikihiko , Wakisaka Satoshi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The development of the posterior lingual glands, namely Weber’s and von Ebner’s glands, of rats was examined with respect to lectin histochemistry. Weber’s glands were fully developed by postnatal (PN) day 21. Mucous cells of the Weber’s glands were shown to bind dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) in adult rats, and soybean agglutinin (SBA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and peanut agglutinin (PNA) in the early developmental stage. The lectin-binding pattern in Weber’s glands of developing rats became identical to that of adult rats on PN day 21. von Ebner’s glands were fully developed around PN day 21. Matured taste buds were found on the circumvallate papillae on PN day 1. Serous cells of von Ebner’s glands were shown to bind SBA, WGA, and PNA in adult rats, and DBA in the developmental stage. The lectin-binding pattern in von Ebner’s glands of developing rats became almost identical to that of adult rats on PN day 21. The present findings indicate that the maturation of posterior lingual glands is closely associated with changes in food habit, and that the Weber’s gland functions as a serous gland in the early postnatal stage, while the von Ebner’s gland is not yet mature.
Impact of Sinorhizobium meliloti strains and plant population on regrowth and nodule regeneration of alfalfa after a freezing event
Authors: D’Amours Emmanuelle , Bertrand Annick , Cloutier Jean , Claessens Annie , Rocher Solen , Seguin Philippe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose
The increase in frequency of freeze-thaw episodes with the diminution of snow cover protection due to climate change compromises the winter survival of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Symbiosis with cold-tolerant rhizobial strains can improve the ability of alfalfa to survive and grow under stressful conditions.
Methods
Six strains of Sinorhizobium (Ensifer) meliloti were tested in combination with two alfalfa populations bred to differ in their levels of freezing tolerance. Plants of each different combination were grown for eight weeks in a growth chamber before being exposed to temperatures promoting their acclimation to cold. Plants were then exposed to a freezing stress (-11ºC) and regrown for three weeks. Shoot, root and nodule biomass were measured before cold acclimation and three weeks after the freezing stress.
Results
After freezing stress, the alfalfa population A-TF7 had shoot and root biomasses that were respectively 19% and 15% larger than cultivar A-TF0. Alfalfa plants inoculated with strain NRG34 showed both a larger shoot biomass and a higher nodule dry weight than plants inoculated with any other strains. Assessment of freezing damages on nodules showed that plants inoculated with NRG34 had the largest proportion of undamaged nodules or of nodules with a regeneration zone.
Conclusion
This study shows for the first time a relationship between nodule and shoot regrowth after a freezing stress, the latter being linked with the proportion of nodules showing less freezing damage. Our results demonstrated that both the choice of alfalfa populations and S. meliloti strains adapted to stress are complementary to increasing alfalfa persistence.
Gender determination using data mining methods through measurements of ascender and descender parts of letters
Authors: ÖNER Dilara , KOCA Yasin , KUZUBAŞ Tuğba ÜLKER , KURTAŞ Ömer , DEMİR İbrahim , ÇETİN Gürsel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Er:YAG laser removal of zirconia crowns on titanium abutment of dental implants -- an in vitro study
Authors: Cai Pingping , Zhuo Yingying , Zheng Zhiqiang , Lin Jie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
This research aimed to explore feasibility and the time required when erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser as a non-invasive treatment modality to retrieve different thicknesses of zirconia material bonded by two dental cements from titanium implant abutments.
Methods
prepared 40 titanium blocks (length: 20 mm, width: 10 mm, height: 10 mm) and square zirconia sheets (length: 10 mm) with different thicknesses (1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm) were 20 pieces each. Resin modified glass ionomer cement (RXL2; RelyX Luting 2, 3M ESPE, USA), and resin cement (CSAL; Clearfil SA luting, Kuraray, Japan) were used to bond zirconia sheet and titanium block. Specimens were kept in 100% humidity for 48 hours. Er:YAG laser was used to retrieve the zirconia sheet and recorded the time. Universal testing machine was used to measure the residual adhesion of the samples that did not retrieve after 5 minutes of laser irradiation. Shear bond strength (MPa) and the time data (s) were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis Test. The bonding surface of the zirconia sheet was examined in a scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results
Within 5 minutes of laser irradiation, RXL2 group: 1 mm group all fell off, 2 mm group 3 specimens did not fall off, there was no statistical difference in the average time between the two groups; CSAL group: half of the 1 mm group fell off. Shear bond strength test results: there was no statistical difference between 1mm and 2mm in RXL2 group and 1mm in CSAL group, there was no statistical difference between 3mm in RXL2 group and 2mm in CSAL group, and there were significant differences statistically in comparison between any two groups in the rest. SEM inspection showed that the 1mm and 2mm adhesive surfaces had obvious fracture points caused by laser.
Conclusion
From this in vitro study, the following could be concluded:it is faster to remove zirconia crowns from titanium abutment when luted with RelyX Luting 2 compared to Clearfil SA luting, and as the thickness of the restoration increases, the time required for gradually increases gradually.
The novel protein ADAMTS16 promotes gastric carcinogenesis by targeting IFI27 through the NF-κb signaling pathway
Authors: Li Tuoyang , Zhou Junyi , Jiang Yingming , Zhao Yandong , Huang Jintuan , Li Weiyao , Huang Zhenze , Chen Zijian , Tang Xiaocheng , Chen Hao , Yang Zuli 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 16 (ADAMTS16) has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of solid cancers. However, its role in gastric cancer (GC) is unclear. In this study, the role of ADAMTS16 in gastric cancer was investigated.Methods The effects of ADAMTS16 on cell migration, invasion and proliferation were investigated by functional experiments in vivo and vitro. Targets of ADAMTS16 were identified using bioinformatics analysis co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis assays. The expression of ADAMTS16 in GC was analyzed in public datasets. The expression of ADAMTS16 and its correlations with the clinical characteristics of GC were investigated by immunohistochemistry.Results Ectopic ADAMTS16 expression significantly promoted tumor cell migration, invasion, and growth. Bioinformatics analysis and western blotting showed that ADAMTS16 upregulated the IFI27 protein through the NF-κb pathway, which was confirmed by immunofluorescence and western blot. Dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis identified a binding site between P65 and IFI27 that may be directly involved in the transcriptional regulation of IFI27. IFI27 knockdown reversed the promoting effect of ADAMTS16 on cell invasion,migration and proliferation indicating that ADAMTS16 acts on GC cells by targeting the NF-κb/IFI27 axis. ADAMTS16 was associated with poor prognosis in clinical characteristics.Conclusions ADAMTS16 promotes cell migration, invasion and proliferation by targeting IFI27 through the NF-κB pathway and is a potential progressive and survival biomarker of GC.
Serum SOD1 level predicts the severity and prognosis of community-acquired pneumonia patients
Authors: Xie Guo-Fang , Cheng Jia-Yi , Liu Ying , Sun Jing , Hua Dong-Xu , He Qi-Yuan , Yang Jing , Zhao Hui , Lu You-Jin , Fu Lin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background: Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is one of the most important participants of antioxidant enzyme system in biological system. Previous studies have found that SOD1 is associated with many inflammatory diseases. The goal of this study was to assess the associations of serum SOD1 with the severity and prognosis in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients by a prospective cohort study. Methods: CAP patients were enrolled from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. Peripheral blood samples were gathered. The level of serum SOD1 was detected through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical characteristics and demographic information were analyzed. Results: The level of serum SOD1 was gradually upregulated with elevated CAP severity scores. Spearman correlation coefficient or Pearson rank correlation analyses indicated that serum was strongly connected with many clinical parameters among CAP patients. Further logistic regression found that serum was positively associated with APACHE Ⅱ and CURB-65 scores among CAP patients. Moreover, serum higher SOD1 substantially increased the risks of ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, vasoactive agent usage, death, and longer hospital stays during hospitalization. Conclusion: The level of serum SOD1 is positively associated with the severity and poor prognosis in CAP patients, suggesting that SOD1 is implicated in the initiation and progression of CAP. Serum SOD1 may be severed as a biomarker to appraise the severity and prognosis for CAP patients.
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Emergency Communities. A survey on the Kyaka II Refugee Settlement, South Western Uganda
Authors: Magezi Alex , Mairah Faith 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Even thought, a lot of funding has been injected in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR), sadly, the area is still poorly addressed and unfulfilled. For the case of Kyaka II Refugee, little or no research is available on SRHR.
Purpose
This survey sought to find out the prevailing status of SRHR services, in the Kyaka II refugee settlement.
Methods
Using stratified sampling, primary data was collected from 117, females aged 12 to 60 years. 13 respondents were randomly picked from each of the 9 zones of the settlement.
Findings
The study found out low (20%) prevalence of; Sexual Health, Sexual Rights, Reproductive Health and Reproductive Rights, in the refugee settlement.
Value/ Recommendation
This study is valuable to funders, policymakers and organizations responding to Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in refugee communities. Therefore, more funding allocation, in the areas of SRHR in the settlement, is recommended by the study.
Recovery process of vertical perception and activities of daily living in stroke: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sawa Kota , Amimoto Kazu , Ishigami Keisuke , Miyamoto Takuya , Ishii Chika , Suzuki Rikuya , Tamura Miko , Komatsu Chikashi , Morizane Akira , Miyagami Mitsusuke 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
It is important to clarify the recovery process of the subjective postural vertical (SPV) and activities of daily living (ADL) in stroke to help clinicians determine treatment plans. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the longitudinal recovery process of SPV and ADL after stroke. In total, 109 patients with stroke were enrolled in the study. Clinical assessments included the SPV and total functional independence measure (FIM), both initially and after 1 month. The SPV mean and standard deviation values indicated the directional and variability errors, respectively. The participants were categorized as follows: group A had directional and variability errors within the standard values, group B had directional errors within the standard value range and variability errors greater than the standard values, and group C had directional and variability errors greater than the standard values. A two-way analysis of variance was performed for SPV and FIM scores (p < 0.05). Groups B and C had larger SPV variability errors than group A. Furthermore, group B showed a significant improvement in variability errors after 1 month. We found that the recovery of SPV variability might be an important predictor of ADL recovery.
Optimizing Pedestrian Simulation Based on Expert Trajectory Guidance and Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Mu Senlin , Huang Xiao , Wang Moyang , Zhang Di , Xu Dong , Li Xiang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Most traditional pedestrian simulation methods suffer from short-sightedness, as they often choose the best action at the moment without considering the potential congesting situations in the future. To address this issue, we propose a hierarchical model that combines Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) and Optimal Reciprocal Velocity Obstacle (ORCA) algorithms to optimize the decision process of pedestrian simulation. For certain complex scenarios prone to local optimality, we include expert trajectory imitation degree in the reward function, aiming to improve pedestrian exploration efficiency by designing simple expert trajectory guidance lines without constructing databases of expert examples and collecting priori datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed method presents great stability and generalizability, evidenced by its capability to adjust the behavioral strategy earlier for the upcoming congestion situations. The overall simulation time for each scenario is reduced by approximately 8%-44% compared to traditional methods. After including the expert trajectory guidance, the convergence speed of the model is greatly improved, evidenced by the reduced 56%-64% simulation time from the first exploration to the global maximum cumulative reward value. The expert trajectory establishes the macro rules while preserving the space for free exploration, avoiding local dilemmas, and achieving optimized training efficiency.