bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of nursing home‐acquired pneumonia on the domains of the novel construct of intrinsic capacity: The INCUR study
Authors: Sánchez‐Sánchez Juan Luis , Rolland Yves , Cesari Matteo , de Souto Barreto Philipe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundNursing home‐acquired pneumonia (NHAP) and related hospitalizations might lead to abrupt functional declines, especially among nursing home residents. Intrinsic capacity is a novel construct proposed by the World Health Organization specifically designed to capture the physical and cognitive capacities of the aging individual to design personalized interventions. This study aimed to investigate the associations of NHAP and related hospitalizations with several intrinsic capacity domains among nursing home residents.MethodsWe used data from the INCUR study (n = 754; mean age = 86.1 ± 7.4; 75.2% female). Four intrinsic capacity domains were assessed through the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB, locomotion), Abbreviated Mental Test (cognition), 10‐items Geriatric Depression scale (GDS‐10, mood), the Mini‐Nutritional Assessment Short‐Form (vitality) at three time‐points along 1‐year. Linear mixed models were used to analyze longitudinal evolution in the intrinsic capacity domains according to NHAP diagnosis and hospitalization.ResultsA total of 161 (21.4%) were diagnosed with NHAP, and 46 of them (28.6%) required hospitalization. NHAP was significantly associated with declines in the intrinsic capacity vitality domain (β = −0.51; 95% CI −0.84; −0.18). The association was also found for NHAP‐related hospitalization (β = −0.97; 95% CI −1.46; −0.48). NHAP‐related hospitalization was also associated with worsening in the psychological domain (β = 0.56; 95% CI 0.08; 1.04). No other significant associations were found.ConclusionsNHAP and related hospitalization are associated with the deterioration of intrinsic capacity vitality and psychology domains. Prevention of pneumonia may result in better functional evolution in very old and vulnerable nursing home residents.
Gettingrealabout consumer poverty: Deep processes for transformative action
Authors: Hutton Martina , Corus Canan , Dorsey Joshua , Minton Elizabeth , Roux Caroline , Blocker Christopher P. , Zhang Jonathan Z. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo uncover pathways for understanding and alleviating poverty, this paper offers an alternative approach for examining the real and unseen processes ofdestitutionandin‐work povertywhich shape the lives of consumers. We apply a critical realist paradigm structured around three core tenets—stratified realities,complex causationsandgenerative structures—to surface the nuanced complexities of these issues. A critical realist lens encourages impact by focusing on the deep causes of enduring social problems and provides transformative consumer research scholars with an integrative way to work toward transformative policy action.
The Anatomy of the Transmission of Macroprudential Policies
Authors: ACHARYA VIRAL V. , BERGANT KATHARINA , CROSIGNANI MATTEO , EISERT TIM , MCCANN FERGAL 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTWe analyze how regulatory constraints on household leverage—in the form of loan‐to‐income and loan‐to‐value limits—affect residential mortgage credit and house prices as well as other asset classes not directly targeted by the limits. Loan‐level data suggest that mortgage credit is reallocated from low‐ to high‐income borrowers and from urban to rural counties. This reallocation weakens the feedback between credit and house prices and slows house price growth in “hot” housing markets. Banks whose lending to households is more affected by the regulatory constraint drive this reallocation, but also substitute their risk‐taking into holdings of securities and corporate credit.
The impact of expectancy on the efficacy of acupuncture treatment for postprandial distress syndrome: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Qi Ling‐Yu , Yan Shi‐Yan , Yang Jing‐Wen , Liu Cun‐Zhi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundExpectancy is an important source of the placebo effect. However, it is unclear whether this has an effect on the efficacy of acupuncture and sham acupuncture in the treatment of postprandial distress syndrome (PDS).AimTo evaluate the effects of high expectancy (HE) and low expectancy (LE) on the efficacy of acupuncture and sham acupuncture in the treatment of PDS.MethodsThis post hoc secondary analysis used data from our previous randomized controlled trial. Patients were, respectively, enrolled in the HE group and LE group according to expectancy assessments. The composite primary outcomes were the response rate and the elimination rate after 4 weeks of treatment. Expectancy was considered a factor affecting the efficacy of acupuncture treatment only if both primary outcomes achieved significance.ResultsFor the acupuncture group, the response rate was 84.5% in the HE group and 78.8% in the LE group (p = 0.458), and the elimination rate was 32.1% in the HE group and 21.2% in the LE group (p = 0.241). For the sham acupuncture group, the response rate at week 4 was 52.3% in the HE group and 53.1% in the LE group (p = 0.936), and the elimination rate at week 4 was 23.1% in the HE group and 10.6% in the LE group (p = 0.090).ConclusionIn this study, the response rate and elimination rate were higher in the high‐expectancy group, but no conclusive evidence was found for an association between expectancy and the efficacy of acupuncture and sham acupuncture.
The association among eHealth literacy, depressive symptoms and health‐related quality of life among older people: A cross‐section study
Authors: Zhu Xinhong , Yang Fen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundeHealth literacy can facilitate the uptake of benefits of health for older persons. The aim of this study was to examine the association of eHealth literacy with depression, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) among older persons.MethodsA survey of 6183 participants (aged 60 years and above) from 17 communities was conducted in June 2019. Participants answered questions related to basic information, eHealth literacy scale (eHEALS), geriatric depression scale and the short‐form health survey (SF‐36). Mediation model and a linear regression analysis were performed to explore the association between the eHEALS scores and related factors.ResultsThe mean score of eHEALS was 21.17 (SD = 8.25). eHEALS was significant higher in men, those with living in the city, those with high educated and stable income and those with living with children, as compared to their counterparts, respectively. Moreover, chronic diseases and depressive symptoms negatively associated with eHEALS, while actively obtaining health information and physical activity positively influenced eHEALS. Furthermore, depressive symptoms had direct and indirect effects on HRQoL, as mediated by eHealth literacy.ConclusionsThe eHEALS acts as a mediator between depressive symptoms and HRQoL. As eHealth literacy is a protector for older people, efforts to improve the older persons' eHealth literacy could help to maintain health status. Therefore, healthcare providers formulate effective programs to improve eHealth literacy for older persons, which can bring benefits for health ageing.
Ultrasonographic diagnosis of adhesions, quantification of uterine wall and managerial perspectives of uterine torsion in buffaloes
Authors: Sutaria Tarunkumar Virabhai , Chaudhari Ravjibhai Karshanbhai , Sutaria Prajwalita Tarunkumar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed to diagnose uterine adhesion using ultrasonography to decide the treatment approach for better survival of buffaloes suffering from uterine torsion. The peculiar visceral slide against the other abdominal organs induced by breathing was considered an absence of uterine adhesion, while the total absence of visceral slide was considered the presence of uterine adhesions on ultrasonographic examination. The 59 Mehsana buffaloes suffering from uterine torsion were divided into two groups based on the presence (Group I; n = 27) or absence (group II; n = 32) of adhesions. The mean pixel values (MPV) and thickness of uterine wall were also quantified in both the groups. In group I, severe type adhesions (n = 16/27) were directly subjected to caesarean section (CS), while fibrinous adhesions (n = 11/27) were subject to rolling by Sharma's modified Schaffer's method, and if rolling failed were further, subjected to CS and adhesions were confirm during CS. In Group II, 28 buffaloes were subjected to rolling by Sharma's modified Schaffer's method and 4 buffaloes were directly subjected to CS because of longer duration of illness (≥3 days), higher degree (≥180°) and previous field handling. The incidence of adhesions was 45.76 per cent (27/59) in buffaloes with uterine torsion. The degenerative changes such as oedematous (hyperoedema—hypoechoic with anechoic trabeculae) or thin (homogenous hypoechoic), sloughing of serosa and wall separation were observed in the uterine wall. The significantly thinner uterine wall (p = .017) and higher MPV (p = .001) were evident in group I than in group II. The weak negative non‐significant correlation between uterine wall thickness and MPV was observed in group I (r = −.250, p = .147) and group II (r = −.235, p = .089). The dam survival rate was 48.15 per cent (13/27) in group I and 81.25% (26/32) in group II. There was a significant (p = .04) association between the treatment approach and dam survival. Ultrasonography has synergistic diagnostic value for uterine adhesions by evaluating uterine surfaces beyond the reach of obstetricians during a manual clinical examination. Thereby, avoiding futile efforts to relieve uterine torsion by rolling might help to improve dam survival by planning a better obstetrical manoeuvre to salvage buffaloes suffering from uterine torsion.
Distance distributions and inverse problems for metric measure spaces
Authors: Mémoli Facundo , Needham Tom 
Published: August 2022

AbstractApplications in data science, shape analysis, and object classification frequently require comparison of probability distributions defined on different ambient spaces. To accomplish this, one requires a notion of distance on a given class of metric measure spaces—that is, compact metric spaces endowed with probability measures. Such distances are typically defined as comparisons between metric measure space invariants, such as distance distributions (also referred to as shape distributions, distance histograms, or shape contexts in the literature). Generally, distances defined in terms of distance distributions are actually pseudometrics, in that they may vanish when comparing nonisomorphic spaces. The goal of this paper is to set up a formal framework for assessing the discrimininative power of distance distributions, that is, the extent to which these pseudometrics fail to define proper metrics. We formulate several precise inverse problems in terms of these invariants and answer them in several categories of metric measure spaces, including the category of plane curves, where we give a counterexample to the curve histogram conjecture of Brinkman and Olver, the categories of embedded and Riemannian manifolds, where we obtain sphere rigidity results, and the category of metric graphs, where we obtain a local injectivity result along the lines of classical work of Boutin and Kemper on point cloud configurations. The inverse problems are further contextualized by the introduction of a variant of the Gromov–Wasserstein distance on the space of metric measure spaces, which is inspired by the original Monge formulation of optimal transport.
Gender and craft drinks
Authors: Thurnell‐Read Thomas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile it is well established that alcohol consumption is a gendered practice, the supposedly more progressive ethos of the emerging craft drinks sector suggests the possibility for great gender equality. However, as a growing body of research shows, craft drinks cultures, and that of craft beer in particular, remain heavily gendered with a number of features working to establish and maintain both the consumption and production of craft drinks as a masculine domain. In relation to consumption, research shows that assumptions about tastes and style preferences are informed by gender stereotypes, whilst branding and marketing of craft drinks products have drawn heavily on sexist imagery. The physical spaces of craft drinks consumption, such as beer festivals, brewpubs and taprooms, are heavily masculinised spaces. Similarly, the production of craft drinks is framed with reference to masculinity and imagery and language used reinforces a gendered hierarchy where female workers in the sector receive less recognition and validation. However, recent changes are noted, with a range of both online and offline initiatives seeking to empower female workers in the craft drink sector whilst challenging entrenched sexist prejudices.
A deep learning‐based SAR image change detection using spatial intuitionistic fuzzy C‐means clustering
Authors: Ghosh Chanchal , Majumdar Dipankar , Mondal Bikromadittya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith the rapid progress of technologies in the arena of remote sensing and satellite imagery, Synthetic Aperture Rader (SAR) images have become an important source of data for research concerning changed detection. Out of the numerous techniques and approaches available for change detection in a particular location, most of them are initially targeted toward producing the difference image. In this article, a change detection approach is suggested that produces the result without finding a difference image. We are motivated toward the design of such an approach to reduce the effect of the difference image. In this method, we generate the training and testing sample for CNN classification directly from the original SAR image without any pre‐processing operations. This reduces the effect of the difference image on the final classification result. Since traditional fuzzy c means (FCM) are highly susceptible to noise and do not give desired results, we use spatial fuzzy c means (sFCM) with an intuitionistic approach. The intuitionistic approach refers to the degree of hesitation resulting from a lack of information. The approach is less hampered by noise and yields better outcomes. The basic idea of this method is to find false levels using spatial intuitionistic fuzzy c means clustering. Thereafter, the CNN is trained using the samples that are selected from the original samples using false labels. Finally, the classification results are generated through the trained CNN. Investigational results using the proposed approach show promising results when applied over two SAR image datasets compared to several existing methodologies.
Individual and environmental determinants of serum ferritin levels: A structural equation model
Authors: Vinkenoog Marieke , de Groot Rosa , Lakerveld Jeroen , Janssen Mart , van den Hurk Katja 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSerum ferritin levels are increasingly being used to assess iron stores. Considerable variation in ferritin levels within and between individuals has been observed, but our current understanding of factors that explain this variation is far from complete. We aim to combine multiple potential determinants in an integrative model, and investigate their relative importance and potential interactions.MethodsWe use ferritin measurements collected by Sanquin Blood Bank on both prospective (N = 59 596) and active blood donors (N = 78 318) to fit a structural equation model with three latent constructs (individual characteristics, donation history, and environmental factors). Parameters were estimated separately by sex and donor status.ResultsThe model explained 25% of ferritin variance in prospective donors, and 40% in active donors. Individual characteristics and donation history were the most important determinants of ferritin levels in active donors. The association between environmental factors and ferritin was smaller but still substantial; higher exposure to air pollution was associated with higher ferritin levels, and this association was considerably stronger for active blood donors than for prospective donors.DiscussionIn active donors, individual characteristics explain 20% (17%) of ferritin variation, donation history explains 14% (25%) and environmental factors explain 5% (4%) for women (men). Our model presents known ferritin determinants in a broader perspective, allowing for comparison with other determinants as well as between new and active donors, or between men and women.
Apoyo socioemocional para alumnado inmigrante como factor de éxito escolar
Authors: Valero-Errazu Diana , Elboj-Saso Carmen , Munté-Pascual Ariadna 
Published: August 2022

Todo el alumnado se enfrenta a estresores que pueden influir negativamente en su rendimiento académico; sin embargo, los estudiantes inmigrantes se enfrentan a algunos propios, derivados de su estatus, que influyen negativamente en su rendimiento académico y en su salud mental. A pesar de ello, las escuelas cuentan con pocos medios para ayudarles a superar estas situaciones. Presentamos un estudio descriptivo de la “Social Support Pilot Initiative”, un proyecto piloto de intervención psicosocial, con alumnos migrantes, que muestra que, proveer a esta población de apoyo socioemocional en sus centros educativos, mejora los resultados académicos.
Cost-effectiveness and sustainability of improved hospital oxygen systems in Nigeria
Authors: Graham Hamish R , Bakare Ayobami A , Ayede Adejumoke Idowu , Eleyinmi Joseph , Olatunde Oyaniyi , Bakare Oluwabunmi R , Edunwale Blessing , Neal Eleanor F G , Qazi Shamim , McPake Barbara , Peel David , Gray Amy Z , Duke Trevor , Falade Adegoke G 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionImproving hospital oxygen systems can improve quality of care and reduce mortality for children, but we lack data on cost-effectiveness or sustainability. This study evaluated medium-term sustainability and cost-effectiveness of the Nigeria Oxygen Implementation programme.MethodsProspective follow-up of a stepped-wedge trial involving 12 secondary-level hospitals. Cross-sectional facility assessment, clinical audit (January–March 2021), summary admission data (January 2018–December 2020), programme cost data. Intervention: pulse oximetry introduction followed by solar-powered oxygen system installation with clinical and technical training and support. Primary outcomes: (i) proportion of children screened with pulse oximetry; (ii) proportion of hypoxaemic (SpO2<90%) children who received oxygen. Comparison across three time periods: preintervention (2014–2015), intervention (2016–2017) and follow-up (2018–2020) using mixed-effects logistic regression. Calculated cost-effectiveness of the intervention on child pneumonia mortality using programme costs, recorded deaths and estimated counterfactual deaths using effectiveness estimates from our effectiveness study. Reported cost-effectiveness over the original 2-year intervention period (2016–2017) and extrapolated over 5 years (2016–2020).ResultsPulse oximetry coverage for neonates and children remained high during follow-up (83% and 81%) compared with full oxygen system period (94% and 92%) and preintervention (3.9% and 2.9%). Oxygen coverage for hypoxaemic neonates/children was similarly high (94%/88%) compared with full oxygen system period (90%/82%). Functional oxygen sources were present in 11/12 (92%) paediatric areas and all (8/8) neonatal areas; three-quarters (15/20) of wards had a functional oximeter. Of 32 concentrators deployed, 23/32 (72%) passed technical testing and usage was high (median 10 797 hours). Estimated 5-year cost-effectiveness US$86 per patient treated, $2694–4382 per life saved and $82–125 per disability-adjusted life year-averted. We identified practical issues for hospitals and Ministries of Health wishing to adapt and scale up pulse oximetry and oxygen.ConclusionHospital-level improvements to oxygen and pulse oximetry systems in Nigerian hospitals have been sustained over the medium-term and are a highly cost-effective child pneumonia intervention.
Outcome disparities in patients with atrial fibrillation based on insurance plan and educational attainment: a nationwide, multicenter and prospective cohort trial
Authors: Apiyasawat Sirin , Thongsri Tomon , Jongpiputvanich Kulyot , Krittayaphong Rungroj 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a complex disease. The management of AF requires continuous patient engagement and integrative healthcare.ObjectivesTo explore the association between adverse AF-related clinical outcomes and the following two sociodemographic factors: educational attainment and insurance plan.DesignA nationwide, prospective, multicenter, cohort trial.SettingNational registry of 3402 patients with non-valvular AF in Thailand.ParticipantsAll patients enrolled in the registry, except those with missing information on educational attainment or insurance plan. Finally, data from 3026 patients (mean age 67 years, SD 11.3; 59% male sex) were analysed.Primary outcomesIncidences of all-cause mortality, ischaemic stroke and major bleeding during the 36-month follow-up period. Survival analysis was performed using restricted mean survival time (RMST) and adjusted for multiple covariates. The levels of the educational attainment were as follows: no formal education, elementary (grade 1–6), secondary (grade 7–12) and higher education (tertiary education).ResultsThe educational attainment of the majority of patients was elementary (N=1739, 57.4%). The predominant health insurance plans were the Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme (N=1397, 46.2%) and the Universal Coverage Scheme (N=1333, 44.1%). After 36 months of follow-up, 248 patients died (8.2%), 95 had ischaemic stroke (3.1%) and 136 had major bleeding (4.5%). Patients without formal education died 1.78 months earlier (adjusted RMST difference −1.78; 95% CI, −3.25 to −0.30; p=0.02) and developed ischaemic stroke 1.04 months sooner (adjusted RMST difference −1.04; 95% CI, −2.03 to −0.04; p=0.04) than those attained a level of higher education. There were no significant differences in RMSTs for all three clinical outcomes when considering the type of health insurance plan.ConclusionEducational attainment was independently associated with all-cause mortality and ischaemic stroke in patients with AF, but adverse clinical outcomes were not related to the types of health insurance in Thailand.Trial registration numberThai Clinical Trial Registration; Study ID: TCTR20160113002.