bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiopulmonary, functional, cognitive and mental health outcomes post COVID, across the range of severity of acute illness, in a physically active working age population
Authors: O'Sullivan Oliver , Holdsworth David A , Ladlow Peter , Barker-Davies Robert M , Chamley Rebecca , Houston Andrew , May Samantha , Dewson Dominic , Mills Daniel , Pierce Kayleigh , Mitchell James , Xie Cheng , Sellon Edward , Naylor Jon , Mulae Joseph , Cranley Mark , Talbot Nick P , Rider Oliver J , Nicol Edward D , Bennett Alexander N 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To investigate cardiopulmonary, functional, cognitive, and mental health post-COVID-19 outcomes in a young, physically active working-age population, across the spectrum of acute COVID-19 severity. Methods: Observational cohort study of 4 groups; hospitalised, community illness with on-going symptoms (community-symptomatic), community illness now recovered (community-recovered) and controls. Participants underwent extensive clinical assessment involving cardiopulmonary imaging, submaximal and maximal exercise testing, pulmonary function, cognitive assessment, blood tests, electrocardiogram and questionnaires on mental health and physical function. Results: 113 participants (aged 39±9 and 86% male) were recruited into four groups, Hospitalised (n=35), community-symptomatic (n=34), community-recovered (n=18) and control (n=26), at 159±72days following acute illness. Hospitalized and community-symptomatic groups were older, with a higher body mass index, and worse mental health, fatigue, and quality of life scores. Hospitalised and community-symptomatic participants also performed less well on sub-maximal and maximal exercise testing. Hospitalised individuals had impaired ventilatory efficiency (higher VE/V̇CO2 slope), achieved less work at the anaerobic threshold and at peak than other groups and had a significantly reduced forced vital capacity. Clinically significant abnormal cardiopulmonary imaging findings were present in 6% of hospitalised participants. Those who recovered from COVID-19 had no significant differences when compared with controls.Conclusion: Recovered individuals who suffered mild-moderate COVID-19 do not differ from an age, sex and job-role matched control population. Individuals who were hospitalised or continue to suffer symptoms require a specific, comprehensive assessment prior to a return to full physical activity.
AC amplification gain in organic electrochemical transistors for impedance-based single cell sensors
Authors: Bonafè Filippo , Decataldo Francesco , Zironi Isabella , Cramer Tobias , Fraboni Beatrice 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Research on water-gated and organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) architectures is motivated by the prospect of a highly biocompatible interface capable of amplifying bioelectronic signals at the site of detection. Despite many demonstrations in these directions, a quantitative model for OECTs as impedance biosensors is still lacking. We overcome this issue by introducing a model experiment where we simulate the detection of a single cell by the impedance sensing of a dielectric microparticle. The highly reproducible experiment allows us to study the impact of transistor geometry and operation conditions on device sentivity. With the data we rationalize a mathematical model that provides clear guidelines for the optimization of OECTs as single cell sensors, and we verify the quantitative predictions in an in-vitro experiment. In the optimized geometry, the OECT-based impedance sensor allows to record single cell adhesion and detachment transients, showing a maximum gain of (20.2±0.9) dB with respect to a single electrode based impedance sensor.
Association Between Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio and Postoperative Fatigue in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture
Authors: Jing Baosheng , Wang Jinjing , Chen Dangui , Dai Huming , Liu Jinrui , Chen Cheng , Dai Mingjun , Hu Jing , Wang Jianjun , Lu Zhengfeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background and purpose: Postoperative fatigue (POF) is a common and distressing post-operative symptom. This study aimed to explore the relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and POF in elderly patients with hip fracture.Method: Elderly patients (age ≥ 65 years) with acute hip fracture admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Anqing Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University from June 2018 to June 2020 were included. Fatigue was assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale at the 3-month follow-up postoperatively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to explore the associations between NLR and POF. The diagnostic performance of NLR was analysed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the Delong test.Result: A total of 321 elderly patients with hip fractures were included; 120 (37.4%) of them were diagnosed with POF. Univariate analysis indicated significant differences in NLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), education, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated neutrophil count (odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27–1.67), lymphocyte count (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.19–0.53), NLR (OR1.81, 95% CI 1.50–2.17) and PLR (OR 1.005, 95% CI 1.001–1.009) were significantly associated with POF. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) of neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, NLR and PLR were 0.712, 0.667, 0.775 and 0.605, respectively. The Delong test indicated that NLR had the best diagnostic performance (p < 0.05).Conclusion: NLR independently predicts POF in elderly patients with acute hip fracture.
Remote monitoring of single-lead electrocardiography enables detection of heart failure status
Authors: Hasumi Eriko , Fujiu Katsuhito , Chen Ying , Oida Mitsunori , Shimizu Yu , Kani Kunihiro , Goto Kohsaku , Uchida Ryoko , Liu Yuxiang , Oshima Tsukasa , Matsuda Jun , Matsubara Takumi , Sugita Junichi , Nakayama Yukiteru , Matsunaga Hiroshi , Saga Akiko , Oguri Gaku , Kojima Toshiya , Maru Yujin , Kodera Satoshi , Akazawa Hiroshi , Shoda Morio , Komuro Issei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Repeated hospitalization for heart failure (HF) is a strong predictor of mortality among HF patients. While recent cardiac electrical implantable devices (CIEDs) can detect worsening HF through remote monitoring1,2, there is no early detection system for HF progression in patients at home without a CIED. We therefore developed an artificial intelligence-based HF detection system that uses single-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) recorded at home. Our convolutional neural network (CNN) model calculated a novel HF-index from the estimated NYHA grades as a quantitative indicator of HF severity. Retrospective data revealed a strong correlation between HF-indexes and plasma BNP levels (R=0.91).A prospective clinical study confirmed the accuracy of the HF severity judged from the estimated HF-index using a portable single-lead ECG monitor at home.We have thus successfully constructed a novel, at-home HF monitoring system for a portable single-lead ECG device, which enables early detection and early medical intervention in HF.
A novel role for the cholinergic basal forebrain nucleus of Meynert in chronic pain via modulation of the prelimbic cortex
Authors: Kuner Rohini , Oswald Manfred , Han Yechao , Li Han , Marashli Samuel , Oglou Deniz Nouri , Naser Paul , Ojha Bhavya , Gan Zheng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The basal nucleus of Meynert (NBM) subserves critically important functions in attention, arousal and cognition via its profound modulation of neocortical activity and is emerging as a key target in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s dementias. Despite the crucial role of neocortical domains in pain perception, however, the NBM has not been studied in chronic pain. Here, using in vivo tetrode recordings in behaving mice, we report that beta and gamma oscillatory activity is evoked in the NBM by noxious stimuli and is facilitated at peak inflammatory pain. Optogenetic and chemogenetic cell-specific, reversible manipulations of NBM cholinergic-GABAergic neurons reveal their role in endogenous control of nociceptive hypersensitivity, which are manifest via projections to the prelimbic cortex, resulting in layer 5-mediated antinociception. Our data unravel the importance of the NBM in top-down control of neocortical processing of pain and suggest a potential for its therapeutic modulation via neurostimulation strategies in chronic pain disorders.
Risk Factors and Outcomes for Refeeding Syndrome in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Chen Shumin , Cai Dongchun , Lai Yuzheng , Chen Rong , He Jiangfeng , Zhou Liang , Hao Sun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is more likely to develop refeeding syndrome (RFS) due to increased need for nutritional support when suffering dysfunction of consciousness and deglutition after stroke. This study aims to evaluate the occurrence, risk factors and outcomes of RFS in AIS patients.Methods This retrospective observational study, using the prospective stroke database from our hospital, included all consecutive AIS patients who received parenteral or enteral nutrition for more than 72 hours from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. RFS was defined as occurrence of new onset hypophosphatemia within 72 hours after refeeding. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate risk factors for RFS and relationship between RFS and 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score and 6-month mortility.Results Of 1038 patients were included in the study, 154 patients (14.8 %) developed RFS. We found that baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), nutritional risk screening (NRS) 2002, albumin < 30g/L and body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m2 were risk factors for RFS in AIS patients. Moreover, Patients in RFS group had lowerer promotion of 7-day NIHSS and RFS was independently associated with a 3-month mRS score of > 2 and 6-month mortility.Conclusion RFS is common in AIS patients and higher baseline NIHSS, higher NRS 2002 score, albumin < 30g/L and BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 significantly increased the risk of RFS. Occurrence of RFS was significantly associated with higher 3-month mRS score and 6-month mortility.
The Activity of the Durum Wheat (Triticum Durum L.) Catalase 1 (TdCAT1) Is Modulated by Calmodulin
Authors: Ghorbel Mouna , Feki Kaouthar , Tounsi Sana , Haddaji Najla , Hanin Moez , Brini Faical 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: In plant cells, Catalases (CAT) are involved in the scavenging of the reactive oxygen species during development processes and in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, little is known about the regulation of the CAT activity by cations and calmodulins (CaMs). Methods and Results: Using bio-informatic analysis and in vitro catalase assays, we showed that durum wheat catalase 1 (TdCAT1) harbors highly conserved cation-binding domains which are localized at different positions of the protein. Moreover, the protein exhibits a CAT activity in vitro that is specifically enhanced by Mn2+ and Fe2+ and to a lesser extent by Cu2+, Zn2+ and Mg2+ but not with Cd2+ cations. Moreover, we showed that TdCAT1 harbors a conserved calmodulin binding domain (CaMBD) and binds to CaMs in a Ca2+-independent manner via a GST-pull down assay. Moreover, TdCaM1.3/Ca2+ complex stimulated the catalytic activity of TdCAT1 in a CaM-dose dependent manner. Most interestingly, addition of Mn2+ cations enhance TdCAT1 activity in presence of CaM/Ca2+ complex. Conclusion: The catalase activity of TdCAT1 is enhanced in presence of various divalent cations. Besides, TdCaM1.3 proteins stimulates the catalase activity of TdCAT1 in Calcium dependent manner. Such effects were not reported so far and raise a possible role of CaM and cations in the regulation of plant CATs during cellular response to external signals.
The preoperative myocardial perfusion and internal mammary artery graft blood flow relationship in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Gutor Sergey S. , Andreev Sergey L. , Shipulin Vladimir V. , Mochula Andrey V. , Zatolokin Vasiliy V. , Pryahin Andrey S. , Shipulin Vladimir M. , Kozlov Boris N. , Zavadovsky Konstantin V. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether myocardial perfusion in stress/rest conditions estimated by SPECT can be used to predict transit time blood flow characteristics and early graft failure in left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to left anterior descending artery (LAD) grafts in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.Methods. The study group consisted of 47 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Intraoperative transit-time flow measurement (TTFM) of LIMA to LAD grafts were performed in all patients. All patients were also examined with preoperative stress and rest myocardial perfusion SPECT with 99mTc-MIBI. Anastomotic patency was considered satisfactory with a normal waveform of blood flow, diastolic-dominant blood filling, and a mean flow value greater than 11.5 ml/min.Results. All 47 patients with LIMA to LAD grafts were divided into two groups; those with graft satisfactory patency (n=40) and those with unsatisfactory patency (n=7) as determined by TTFM. We found differences among these groups in global summed rest score (t=3.7, p=0.003), total perfusion deficit (t=3.0, p=0.014), and LAD territory TPD (t=2.4, p=0.04) characteristics in preoperative rest myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging. Additionally, the flow characteristics were different in patients with and without surgical left ventricle reconstruction (U=153.5, p=0.012).Conclusions. Preoperative myocardial perfusion characteristics have associations with blood flow in LIMA to LAD graft in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and LAD territory rest TPD have the potential to be a predictor of early graft failure.
SGLT2-inhibitors modulate the Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy and reduce the vaso-vagal syncope recurrence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the SCAN study
Authors: Sardu Celestino , Massetti Massimo , Rambaldi Pietro , Gatta Gianluca , Cappabianca Salvatore , Sasso Ferdinando Carlo , Santamaria Matteo , Volpicelli Mario , Ducceschi Valentino , Signoriello Giuseppe , Paolisso Giuseppe , Marfella Raffaele 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) the vaso-vagal syncope (VVS) recurrence could be due to the alteration of autonomic system function, evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV), and by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-mIBG) myocardial scintigraphy indexes: Heart to Mediastinum ratio (H/Mlate), and Washout rate (WR). The SGLT2-I could modulate/reduce autonomic dysfunction in T2DM patients with VVS. This effect could reduce the VVS recurrence in T2DM patients. Methods: In a prospective multicenter study, we studied a population of 607 T2DM patients affected by VVS, as SGLT2-I-users (n 161) vs. Non-SGLT2-I users (n 446). Thus, in SGLT2-I-users vs. Non-SGLT2-I users, we investigated the HRV and 123I-MIBG modifications and VVS recurrence at 12 months of follow-up. Results: At baseline, and follow-up end Non-SGLT2-I users vs. SGLT2-I-users over-expressed the inflammatory markers and norepinephrine, with worse glucose homeostasis and significant difference of HRV parameters, H/Mlate, and the WR (p<0.05). Non-SGLT2-I users vs. SGLT2-I-users had higher recurrence of all causes VVS, and of vasodepressor, and mixed VVS (p<0.05). The Cox regression analysis showed that the H/Mlate (0.710, CI 95% [0.481-0.985]; p 0.024), and SGLT2-I (0.550, CI 95% [0.324-0.934]; p 0.027) predicted all VVS recurrence. Conclusions: Non-SGLT2-I users vs. SGLT2-I-users had alterations of the autonomic nervous system, with a higher rate of VVS recurrence at 1 year of follow-up. The indexes of cardiac denervation predicted the VVS recurrence, while the SGLT2-I reduced the risk of VVS recurrence. ﻿Clinical trial registration number: NCT03717207.
Mitigation of cadmium toxicity in Thai rice cultivar (PSL2) using biofertilizer containing indigenous cadmium-resistant microbial consortia
Authors: Koedrith Preeyaporn , Seang-On Ladda , Meeinkuirt Weeradej , Saminpanya Seriwat 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Biofertilizer as amendment has growing awareness, little attention has been paid to the bioremediation potential of indigenous heavy metal-resistant microbes, especially when isolated from long term polluted soil, as a bioinoculant in biofertilizer. They are type of versatile nutrient provider and soil conditioner that is cost competitive, highly efficient with nondisruptive detoxifying capability. Herein, we investigated the effect of biofertilizers containing indigenous cadmium (Cd)-resistant microbial consortia on rice growth and physiological response. The Thai rice cultivar PSL2 ( Oryza sativa L.) was grown in Cd-enriched soils amended with 3% biofertilizer. The composition of the biofertilizers’ bacterial community at different taxonomic levels was explored using 16S rRNA gene Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Upon Cd stress, the test biofertilizer had maximum mitigating effects as shown by suppressed photosynthetic pigment loss, modulated proline content and enzymatic antioxidants, thereby allowing increased plant dry biomass (up to 115% and 112% in shoots and roots, respectively) and reduced tissue Cd content (up to 68% and 65% in shoots and roots, respectively), as compared to the non-amended control. These phenomena might be attributed to increased soil pH, EC, CEC and organic matter, as well as enriched beneficial detoxifiers, i.e., Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria in the biofertilizers. The test biofertilizer was effective in ameliorating Cd phytotoxicity by improving soil biophysicochemical traits to limit Cd bioavailability, along with adjusting physiological traits such as antioxidative defense. This study first demonstrated that incorporating indigenous Cd-resistant microbe derived-biofertilizer could restrict Cd contents and consequently enhance plant growth and tolerance in polluted soil.
A Neural Network Accelerator to Avoid Inference Inaccuracy
Authors: Sebastian Amritanand , Das Saptarshi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have demonstrated their superiority over traditional computing architectures in tasks such as pattern classification and learning. While ANNs demonstrate high prediction accuracy, they do not measure uncertainty in predictions, and hence they can make wrong predictions with high confidence, which can be detrimental for many mission-critical applications. In contrast, Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) naturally include such uncertainty in their model. Unlike ANNs, where the synaptic weights are point estimates (single-valued), in BNNs, the weights are represented by probability distributions (e.g. Gaussian distribution). This makes the hardware implementation of BNNs challenging since on-chip Gaussian random number generators (GRNGs) based on silicon complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology are area and energy inefficient. Stochastic switching in memristors can be used to build probabilistic synapses but with very limited tunability. Additionally, memristor technology rely heavily on CMOS-based peripherals to emulate neurons. Here we introduce three-terminal memtransistors based on two-dimensional (2D) materials, which can emulate both probabilistic synapses as well as reconfigurable neurons. The cycle-to-cycle variation in the programming of the 2D memtransistor is exploited to achieve GRNG-based synapses, whereas 2D memtransistor based integrated circuits are used to obtain neurons with hyperbolic tangent and sigmoid activation functions. Finally, memtransistor-based synapses and neurons are combined in a crossbar array architecture to realize a BNN accelerator and the performance is evaluated using the IRIS data classification task.
Prevention of 90-day Detox Readmission for Opioid use Disorder by A Community-Based Life-Changing Individualized Medically Assisted Evidence-based Treatment (C.L.I.M.B.) Program: A Quasi-Experimental Design
Authors: Luo Zhehui , Roychoudhury Canopy , Pompos William S. , DiMaria James , Robinette Cynthia , Gore Purva , Roychoudhury Rohon , Beecroft William 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Evidence for community-based detox readmission prevention strategies for opioid use disorder (OUD) is scant. We evaluated a pilot program designed to provide individualized and structured treatment plan, including addressing prolonged withdrawal symptoms, family/systems assessment, contingency management, and medically assisted treatment. Methods: A non-randomized quasi-experimental design was used to compare the pilot sites (treatment) and comparison sites before and after the program started, i.e., a simple difference-in-differences (DID) strategy. Adults 18 years and older who meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders version 5 criteria for OUD and had a detox admission at any OUD treatment facility in two study periods between 5/2018 and 12/2019 are included. Readmission for detox in 90-days after the initial detox was the primary outcome. Multiple statistical estimation methods were used to adjust for potential confounding factors between treatment and comparison groups. Results: A total of 2,320 unique patients with 2,443 initial detox admissions in the pre- and post-periods were compared. Compared with the comparison patients, the C.L.I.M.B. patients had higher readmission in the pre-period (unadjusted readmission rates16.4% vs. 10.0%), but similar rates in the post-period (11.8% vs. 10.1%) after the implementation of the pilot program. For the primary outcome 90-day readmission, all DID estimates were not statistically significant (adjusted estimates ranged from 6.0 to 17.3 percentage points difference favoring the C.L.I.M.B. program). For the secondary outcomes of service utilization, the C.L.I.M.B. program had reduced the proportion of patients using the intensive outpatient treatment compared to the comparison group and the statistically significant DID estimates ranged from 13 to 18 percentage point differences for the intensive outpatient treatment.Conclusions: Treating OUD as a chronic condition instead of an acute episodic condition for patients in the community is feasible and has a potential to reduce intensive outpatient services. Although the small sample size of the pilot program precluded us to draw a definitive conclusion, we believe more OUD treatment facilities should work with health plans to standardize care for patients with OUD and promote lowering readmission for inpatient withdrawal management.