bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in the subjective evaluation of factors determining human health in Russians
Authors: Shilko R. , Shaigerova L. , Almazova O. , Dolgikh A. , Rabeson M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionResearch into sociocultural mediation of human health engages the role of gender differences in the subjective evaluation of factors that determine health status.ObjectivesThe focus of the research was the respondents’ opinion about the importance of various factors for human health and subjective well-being.Methods210 men and 403 women aged 14 to 76 years (M = 26.9; SD = 13.7) from six regions of the Russian Federation participated in the study. Participants were asked to rank six factors: genetics, healthy lifestyle, good ecology, regular medical examination, absence of stress (ability to cope with them), financial well-being in terms of their impact on human health (1 is the most important, 6 is the least important).ResultsBoth men and women consider “healthy lifestyle” to be the most important factor for human health, while financial well-being - most unimportant. Using the t-test for two independent samples, it was found that: women consider “absence of stress (the ability to cope with it)” significantly more important for health than men (t = -2.569; p = 0.010), while men consider “financial well-being” to be significantly more important than women (t = 2.807; p = 0.005).ConclusionsIt was revealed that men and women equally indicate the most and least important factors determining health. At the same time, subjective assessments of the importance of such factors as absence of stress and financial well-being for health have significant differences. The reported study was funded by the RFBR, project number 17-29-02506.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Rationality and suicide, cultural context and mental illness – tenuous limits: about a clinical case
Authors: Freitas C. , Felizardo M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSuicide results from a complex interaction between biological, genetic, psychological, sociological, cultural and environmental factors. The frequency of suicide among psychiatric pathologies is quite variable, with depression accounting for 45% to 70% of suicides. The association of suicide with the existence of mental illness is not consensual, with reports of rational suicides in 2% to 9% of suicide cases. It is unquestionable that the awareness of the lived experience limits the person’s condition to what it is.ObjectivesTo describe a clinical case on the subject and discuss the influence of cultural context in suicide.MethodsThe authors describe a case of a patient hospitalized in Psychiatry, after a suicide attempt and a consummated suicide by his wife.ResultsThe patient and his wife lived their entire lives as hermits. Although no acute psychopathology was found in the patient to justify the act, such as psychotic or depressive symptoms, dysfunctional personality traits were found, which translated into an attitude of superiority, requirement of subservience, hostility when contradicted and breaches of basic rules.ConclusionsTaking into account what has been described, the authors discuss the influence of personality on the patient’s life choices and on the decision that led to the suicide attempt, as well as the suicide of his wife. A reflection is made on whether suicide can be completely independent of mental illness or whether, even in cases where rationality seems to be the causal factor, personality dysfunctionality and a profound influence of the cultural context, are present or not.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The effects of Cumulative Trauma and Cognitive Rigidity on the Severity of Depressive Disorder: Preliminary Results
Authors: Salla M. , Aguilera M. , Paz C. , Moya-Higueras J. , Feixas G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe long-lasting effects of trauma on mental health and the cumulative effect during the lifetime is one of the great interest in research and applied psychology. However, the effect of cumulative trauma in combination with cognitive biases, such as cognitive rigidity (“all-or-nothing” thinking pattern), on the severity of depression has not been tested yet.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to analyse these variables, while considering for differential gender effects on a sample of patients with the diagnosis of depressive disorder.MethodsA total sample of 177 patients (137 women) were assessed using the Cumulative Trauma Scale. Cognitive rigidity was measured with the Repertory Grid Technique and severity of depressive symptoms with the Beck Depression Inventory.Resultsindicated that high levels of cognitive rigidity and high frequency of perceived negative cumulative trauma predicted depressive symptoms; while high frequency of perceived positive trauma did not predict depressive symptoms. Moreover, gender did not explain variability of depression, and its interaction with frequency of perceived trauma was not significant.ConclusionsOverall, traumatic cumulative trauma frequency and its negative appraisal are key to the understanding the severity of depression but also cognitive rigidity seemed to be a relevant factor to consider. Thus, these results highlight the need to focus on traumatic and cognitive aspects to increase the efficacy of psychological interventions in depression.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Early real-life evaluation of the efficacy of esketamine in resistant depressive disorder
Authors: Faisant S. , Crublet P. , Bellay R. , Langrée B. , Marie N. , Rojo-Bouton M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe efficacy and of current antidepressants is insufficient. Esketamine, a new antidepressant administered by nasal route, is available since 2019 in the management of resistant characterized depressive episodes.ObjectivesTo evaluate the response profile of patients to Esketamine in our institution specialized in mental health.MethodsWe included all patients treated with Esketamine in our institution from November 2019 to September 2021.We collected efficacy and tolerability data using the computerized and paper patient record, prescribing support software, and nursing staff.ResultsSince 2019, we treated 11 patients with Esketamine in combination with an antidepressant as indicated in the MA. Two patients from the 11 were found resistant, three discontinued due to adverse events, four relapsed after an initial clinical response, and two were still ongoing at the end of the study.ConclusionsDespite an initial and rapid response, our study does not highlight any long-term efficacy of Esketamine in resistant depressive disorder. This highlight the fact that its use in the acute phase of depression or earlier in the management strategy could be a good alternative because of its rapid onset of action. Esketamine was initiated as a last line therapy, which may represent a bias in the evaluation of the molecule, as the later the depression is treated, the lower the response rate. The place of Esketamine in the therapeutic strategy is not yet well determined due to a lack of hindsight, and the question of pharmacological tolerance and dependence on the molecule arises.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Bright Light Therapy for MDD in Children and Adolescents: a narrative review of literature
Authors: Vadukapuram R. , Trivedi C. , Mansuri Z. , Shah K. , Reddy A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMajor Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common mood disorder diagnosed in children and adolescents. Bright light therapy has been effective for seasonal affective disorders, however its role in the treatment of MDD is under studied.ObjectivesOur objective is to evaluate if bright light therapy (BLT) is a practical approach in treating Child and Adolescents having MDD.MethodsWe performed an extensive literature search using a wide range of MeSH terms in PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar. We reviewed the literature for studies (published between 1983-2021) assessing the efficacy of BLT in the treatment of MDD in children and adolescents.Results
The final search results yielded 8 randomized clinical trials and 1 case report from 1983 to 2021. BLT showed a superior effect in children and adolescents with MDD compared to the control group in the majority of the randomized trials and a case report. In six studies BLT showed good effect, however in a study by Magnusson et al. and Sonis et al., found a milder degree of improvement in depression symptoms when compared to the control group. In the majority of the studies, patients’ age range was 7 years 18 and in most of the studies, patients were not on antidepressants.Conclusions
The use of BLT in children and adolescents suffering from MDD can be a promising alternative method of biological treatment, which is effective as well as well tolerated. Future long-term studies on large sample size are necessary in this field.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Treatment-Resistant Depression – What is the Effective Maintenance Treatment
Authors: Kolar D. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTreatment-resistant depression (TRD) presents a significant challenge in clinical practice. Besides antidepressant medications, neurostimulation methods (ECT, rTMS) and ketamine are viable treatment options.ObjectivesTo objectively evaluate the real effectiveness of treatments within interventional psychiatry in the maintenance treatment.MethodsThe extensive literature review of the efficacy of ECT, rTMS, and ketamine treatment in the maintenance treatment of TRD and the author’s clinical and research experience will be included in this presentation.ResultsNeurostimulation, particularly ECT and ketamine treatment are usually effective treatments for patients with TRD. However, both of these treatment modalities do not have sustained benefits and after discontinuing treatment the majority of patients relapse. Ketamine has rapid therapeutic effects in depression, but these effects are short-lived. Continuation treatment with ketamine in the form of intranasal ketamine is an option, but concerns over cognitive impairment, interstitial cystitis and significant addictive potential related to longer use of ketamine are significant limiting factors. rTMS is a first-line treatment option for patients with TRD according to the Canadian CANMAT guidelines. However, the majority of patients may relapse following the course of rTMS. The maintenance rTMS over an extended period of time is usually not feasible as it may significantly affect the waiting time for newly referred patients. Portable TMS machine for home use would be an alternative option for a limited number of patients.ConclusionsMaintenance treatment has been always a big clinical challenge in mood disorder psychiatry. Only well-established multimodal treatment is a realistic option for getting long-term benefits in treating patients with TRD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Different phenotypic assessment of depression prevalence in Russian population: DSM-criteria vs HADS
Authors: Rukavishnikov G. , Rakitko A. , Kasyanov E. , Ilinsky V. , Neznanov N. , Kibitov A. , Mazo G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBecause of different phenotypic approaches, data on depression prevalence is variable and controversial.ObjectivesThe aim was to evaluate the prevalence of different depressive phenotypes in the Russian population (DSM criteria based self-report vs HADS questionnaire).MethodsThe data was from the on-line survey of 5116 clients of Genotek Ltd. (males - 50,63%; age - Me=35 (Q1-30;Q3-42)). The survey included questions on sex, age; sel-report adapted major depression DSM-V criteria questionnaire and depression subscale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.ResultsDSM Major depression phenotype was detected with moderately-high prevalence - 17,67% (N=904). The DSM depression phenotype was more prevalent in women (22,72%) compared to men (12,74%, p<0,001) and in younger individuals (10,18%, p<0,001) compared to older ones (6,16%). HADS-D clinical depression phenotype (score>11) was less prevalent (3,4%) with no significant differences for sex and age. However, the prevalence increased with HADS-D subclinical scores (>8) - 14,97%. HADS-D scores were higher in DSM-depression phenotype individuals compared to ones without DSM phenotype (5,822(3,221) vs. 3,893(2,437), p< 0,001).ConclusionsOur results showed variable prevalence of depression with different phenotypic approaches. The differences could be associated with the clinical severity of the symptoms and the life-time evaluation in DSM compared to only current symptoms for HADS. Further research is needed to understand the factors affecting the phenotyping approaches and providing the most effective and valid instrument for depression prevalence evaluation. Research is supported by an RSF grant №20-15-00132.DisclosureResearch is supported by an RSF grant №20-15-00132.
Intranasal Esketamine + CBT: a 6 months follow-up of a resistant depression complicated case
Authors: Martiadis V. , Raffone F. , Cerlino R. , Mistico F. , Russo M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTRD is a highly disabling condition, often responsible for chronic clinical course, high number of relapses and elevated suicide risk. Intranasal esketamine is currently the only available pharmacological therapy specifically indicated for TRD, as add-on therapy to antidepressant treatment with SSRI or SNRI.ObjectivesThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intranasal esketamine associated with CBT in a complex clinical case of TRD, over a six-month follow-up.Methods

A 67-year-old patient with TRD was selected for treatment with intranasal esketamine+CBT as add-on to antidepressant therapy. Before each treatment session the HAM-D rating scale was administered. The patient underwent weekly CBT sessions throughout the 6 months follow-up. The effect on physical well-being and social functioning was evaluated by means of Short-Form-Health-Survey-36.Results
After the first two administrations of intranasal esketamine the total score on HAM-D decreased by 10 units (from 26 to 16). After 6 weeks of treatment decreased from 26 to 12 with the disappearance of suicidal ideation present at T0. After 6 months the total HAM-D score decreased from 26 to 8. Treatment was well tolerated, with mild adverse effects, confined to the first two hours post-administration. In particular, mild sedation, dizziness, slight transient blood pressure rise were reported, never required medical intervention and resolved spontaneously during the observation period.ConclusionsIntranasal esketamine add-on therapy + CBT was an effective and safe treatment allowing to achieve and maintain symptomatic remission in a complex case of TRD, improving quality of life, social functioning, and reducing suicidal ideation over a six-month follow-up.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Utilization of Psychiatric Team Driven Ketamine Infusions
Authors: Ithman M. , Sobule B. , Campbell A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIn 2018 Missouri University Psychiatric Center, an inpatient psychiatric hospital established a ketamine infusion team to treat severely depressed and acutely suicidal clients. Over 80 infusions were delivered over three years, with positive outcomes and minimal side effects.ObjectivesTo evaluate outcomes of an inpatient psychiatric intravenous ketamine team to deliver treatment without anesthisia colloabration, which could open the horizon for future intravenous medications in a psychiatric inpatient setting.MethodsA team consisting of a psychiatrist supported by a psychiatric PA, psychiatric pharmacist, and a mental health nurse devloped a protocol including physical and mental health screening, inclusion/exclusion criteria, dosing, and client monitoring. For data collection, the team monitored vital signs and mental status changes for tolerability and depression screening tools for efficacy.ResultsTable 1:Ketamine Infusion DataTotal Clients32Male15Female17Dosing0.5mg/kg adjusted bodyweight infused over 40 minutesAverage Baseline Depression Screening (PHQ or QIDS)*20.8Average Baseline Follow up Screening (PHQ or QIDS)*7.5Average Change in Screening Score (PHQ or QIDS)*-14.1% Change From Baseline in Screening Score (PHQ or QIDS)*65.5%Adverse Events DocumentedDissociation 5 (15.6%); Nausea/Vomiting 3 (.09%), Extreme Euphoria 2 (.06%); sedation 1 (.03%); BP Increase 1 (.03%)ConclusionsOverall, ketamine infusions were tolerated well with limited adverse drugs reactions reported or observed and were easily addressed by the team without any serious adverse events. Given the rapid improvement of symptoms and overall tolerability, intravenous ketamine infusions conducted solely by a psychiatric-based team advances our field for further treament modalities.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Study of the efficacy and safety of various pharmacotherapy regimens for atypical depression in the framework of bipolar affective disorder, recurrent depressive disorder, psychogenic depression
Authors: Verbitskaya M. , Tyuvina N. , Tyulpin Y. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTo improve the effectiveness of treatment for atypical depression, it is necessary to revise the accumulated experience, taking into account new knowledge and drugs.ObjectivesComparative study of the efficacy and safety of therapy for atypical depression (AtD) in the structure of bipolar affective disorder (BAD), recurrent depressive disorder (RDR) and psychogenic depression (PD).MethodsClinical and clinical follow-up methods examined 77 patients with AtD, of which 35 - with bipolar disorder, 18 - with RDR and 24 - with PD. Patients in all three groups received monotherapy with an antidepressant or a mood stabilizer, or a combination of antidepressant and antipsychotic, antidepressant and mood stabilizer, mood stabilizer and antipsychotic, as well as a combination of antidepressant, antipsychotic and mood stabilizer.ResultsAgomelatine was the most frequently used (27.3%) and effective in reducing MADRS in all groups both in monotherapy and in combination with other drugs. Also in the PD group, escitalopram and vortioxetine were highly effective. Of the antipsychotics, when combined with antidepressants, sulpiride was found to be the most effective. When comparing the tolerance of antidepressants in all groups showed the best results (by the CGI scale), agomelatine and venlafaxine, in the BAR group is also vortioxetine.ConclusionsThe best strategy for effective and safe treatment of atypical depression is the use of modern antidepressant, which does not increase the symptoms of the atypical spectrum and, if necessary, can be supplemented with some antipsychotics.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Experience of Using a Smartphone Mood Relapse Warning Application among Patients with Bipolar Disorders: A Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Lin E.C.-L. , Chiou M.-S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlthough several studies preliminary supported the effects of using smartphone mental health application (app) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), patients’ subjective experience deserves more attention.Objectives

The present study aimed to explore how the BD patient experienced while using the APP in detecting their mood relapse warning signs (MRW app) which has been developed by our team (Su et al., 2021).MethodsThe MRW app collects 2 passive (location and GPS removal distance) and 6 self-reported data (daily mood, wake and sleep time, the brief record of mood and life, voice pitch, speech tone and rhythm, facial expression, and weekly emotional scale). By using qualitative research design, 15 patients recruited from the psychiatric outpatient department in a medical center were in-depth interviewed.ResultsFour themes were identified as their subjective experience to use the app as: including positive and negative experience, facilitators, price, and barriers. Interconnected relationship was found in each theme; and counterbalancing associations between positive vs. negative experience, facilitators vs. price and barriers were also demonstrated.ConclusionsSuch first-person experience of using the app in illness detection could unveil technological myths and present its impacts upon patients’ lives in the real world. Implication for practice and future studies were be discussed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Can the integration of Motivational Interviewing skills in a virtual self-conversation be effective in promoting lifestyle changes among healthy adults and patients with obesity? A usability study
Authors: Anastasiadou D. , Vázquez-De Sebastián J. , Spanlang B. , Slater M. , Quiroga J.A. , Parramón Puig G. , Ciudin A. , Comas M. , Lusilla-Palacios P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe integration of Motivational Interviewing (MI) with behavioural and psychological interventions for the treatment of obesity has the potential to improve health-related outcomes of patients in the long-term.ObjectivesOur objective is to examine the usability of a VR embodiment tool for treating obesity.MethodsFourteen participants (6 healthy and 8 with morbid obesity) with a desire to make lifestyle changes were randomly assigned to the experimental group (EG) and the control group (CG). Participants from the EG engaged in a virtual self-conversation aiming at understanding their own motivation to make lifestyle changes. Using the body swapping technique, participants were embodied alternately in their own virtual representation and in their counsellor’s body. To better guide this virtual self-conversation, participants were previously trained on MI skills. Participants from the CG were embodied in their own virtual bodies and participated in a “scripted dialogue” with a virtual counsellor who gave them practical recommendations about how to achieve lifestyle changes. A mixed-methods design was used, involving a semi-structured interview examining users´ satisfaction with the virtual experience, as well as self-report questionnaires, including readiness to change habits, body ownership, and system usability.ResultsParticipants showed high usability of the platform with higher scores among participants from the EG compared to the CG. Levels of body ownership were satisfactory, with no differences between groups.ConclusionsThrough the integration of MI in the VR context with the patient being properly trained to carry out his/her own motivational self-conversation, we will provide an important advance in the psychological treatments of obesity.DisclosureThis project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 951930