bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Lactoferrin Administration on Serum Iron Status of Children on Regular Hemodialysis
Authors: Turky Marwa Abd El-Salam Ibrahim , Saad Amal Said El-Bendary , Badraia Ibrahim Mohammed , El-Hafez Maher Ahmed Abd 
Published: July 2022

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of lactoferrin administration on serum iron status of children on regular hemodialysis.
Methods: This case-controlled study was carried on 60 children with end stage renal disease on regular hemodialysis and 30 healthy children served as a control group. Patients were classified into 2 groups, group A: 30 patients received oral lactoferrin supplementation 100 mg for 3 months and group B: 30 patients received oral lactoferrin supplementation plus oral iron 5mg/kg/day for 3 months. Serum ferritin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), serum hepcidin and IL6 were measured before and after supplementation
Results: Serum ferritin was significantly higher in patient groups compared to controls before the supplementation (P <0.001) but significantly decreased after supplementation (P= <0.001). No significance difference between patient groups in serum ferritin levels before or after the supplementation (P=0.778, P=0.763) respectively. TSAT was significantly lower in patients groups compared to controls before the supplementation (p<0.001) but showed significant decrease after supplementation in group A (P=0.036) and significant increase in group B after the supplementation (P<0.001). TSAT was significantly increased in group B compared to group A (P<0.001). Serum hepcidin and serum interleukin 6 levels were higher in patients than controls before supplementation but significantly decreased at the end of the study in patient groups. . There were positive correlations between serum hepcidin and interleukin 6, CRP, and ferritin levels but a negative correlation with hemoglobin and TSAT. There was a positive correlation between serum IL-6 and both CRP and ferritin but a negative correlation between IL-6 and both Hb and TSAT.
Conclusions: Oral lactoferrin was not able to maintain iron status in HD children while Lactoferrin plus oral iron was effective in treating iron deficiency in HD patients.
Reversible Heavy Premature Ventricular Contraction Burden without Electrophysiology Intervention: Two Case Reports
Authors: AlSultan Nada , AlSulaiman Sarah , AlNaim Malak , AlTaweel Muneera , AlMukhaylid Sarah 
Published: July 2022

PVCs, or premature ventricular complexes, are prevalent diagnoses in the general population and frequently show up incidentally in people. The sense of "skipped beats" might be brought on by PVCs emanating from ectopic ventricular nuclei. People with underlying cardiovascular illness, and electrolyte abnormalities such as hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, and Vitamin D deficiency, as well as elderly adults, were shown to have a greater prevalence of PVC. We represent two instances of PVCs, one in a 33-year-old male and one in a 50-year-old woman, both of whom attended with sensations of palpitations, risk factors were determined, medically appropriately controlled, and the PVCs burden was diminished without intervention. Mitigating the use of antiarrhythmic medications and averting unnecessary electrophysiology procedures can be accomplished.
Complete Deoxygenation from a Hemoglobin Solution by an Electrochemical Method and Heat Treatment for Virus Inactivation
Authors: Huang Yubin , Takeoka Shinji , Sakai Hiromi , Abe Hideki , Hirayama Junichi , Ikebuchi Kenji , Ikeda Hisami , Tsuchida Eishun 
Published: July 2002

AbstractHemoglobin (Hb) has been widely studied as a raw material for various types of oxygen carriers. In the purification of Hb from red blood cells including virus inactivation and denaturation of other proteins and the long‐term storage of Hb vesicles (HbV), a deoxygenation process is one of the important processes because of the high stability of deoxygenated Hb to heating and metHb formation. Though an oxygenated Hb solution can be deoxygenated with an artificial lung, it is difficult to reduce the oxygen partial pressure of the Hb solution to less than 10 Torr. We developed an electrochemical system for complete deoxygenation of the Hb solution at the cathode compartment using hydrogen containing nitrogen gas at the anode compartment. Oxygen in the Hb solution was reduced to OH− at the cathode compartment within several minutes at a potential value of −1.67 V and was finally converted to water by neutralization with H+ from the anode in the whole system. The resulting completely deoxygenated Hb could tolerate heat treatment at 62 °C for 10 h with no denaturation of deoxygenated Hb. The metHb formation rate of reoxygenated Hb at 37 °C was not changed after heat treatment. Furthermore, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) could be inactivated at an inactivation degree of more than 5.96 log by heat treatment.
Transformation of Thiodiglycol by Resting Cells of Alcaligenesxylosoxydans PGH10
Authors: García‐Ruiz Vicente , E. Martín‐Otero Luis , Puyet A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA new strain of Alcaligenes xylos oxyd ans able to aerobically cometabolize thiodiglycol, the primary hydrolysis product of sulfur mustard, was isolated and tested in a laboratory scale stirred tank reactor. The strain, named PGH10, cannot use TDG as sole carbon and energy source for growth, but resting cells previously grown on either rich broth or defined mineral media efficiently metabolize this compound through [(2‐hydroxyethyl)thio]acetic acid and thiodiacetic acid as intermediates. Degradation of TDG by PGH10 is shown to take place at late exponential and stationary phase but is not triggered by carbon exhaustion. Cultures pregrown to saturation for 48 h in the absence of TDG can be stored and used for degradation of TDG, reducing significantly the time required to achieve the reduction of the compound concentration to undetectable levels. Degradation can take place in buffered media with no carbon source added, although best results were obtained in mineral media supplemented with citrate or fructose. Oxidation to [(2‐hydroxyethyl)thio]acetic acid and thiodiacetic acid was proposed to be catalyzed by a butanol‐dehydrogenase activity. Inhibition of TDG transformation in the presence of several alcohols is also shown.
Correlations between metabolic indices and visual parameters in diabetic patients
Authors: Woolley M. L. , Gilchrist J. , Pope R. , Dhanasha U. , Young S. , Elliott D. B. 
Published: July 2002

Aim: To explore associations between metabolic, haematological, renal and visual parameters in diabetics.Methods: 131 patients were recruited from the diabetic clinics at Airedale General Hospital. Those with proliferative DR or cataract were excluded from the study. Blood pressure was measured at rest and the measurements of plasma glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin and microalbuminuria were taken. Fundus photography was used to classify the extent of DR and ophthalmoscopic examination of the macula was performed. Visual function assessments included the measurement of refractive error, logMAR visual acuity, contrast sensitivity using gratings at three spatial frequencies and the Pelli‐Robson letter chart and hue discrimination using the Arden Colour Contrast Sensitivity apparatus. An assessment of the relationship between the metabolic indices and visual function was performed using the Kendall Tau Correlation Test.Results and conclusions: The only meaningful correlation between a clinical optometric test and a metabolic parameter was between refractive error and glycosylated haemoglobin levels (P < 0.05). As HBA1C levels increased refractive error tended towards myopia. The normal hypermetropic shift with age was observed. Rx changes may be indicative of poor long‐term metabolic control. There were little/no associations between any other renal, metabolic, haematological or visual parameters contrary to other studies. This may be due to the strict exclusion criteria.
A new contrast sensitivity test for young children‐‐The Cardiff Contrast Test
Authors: Barbareza Rahim , Woodhouse Margaret , Oduwaiye Kola 
Published: July 2002

We have developed a new contrast sensitivity (CS) test (similar in design to the Cardiff Acuity test) for use with children aged from 1‐3 years. It consists of a set of 42 multi‐orientational pictures all of one target size (car, boat, fish, house, train and duck) at 14 contrast levels (3 cards at each level).Results from tests performed on 23 adults (aged from 15–44 years) gave contrast sensitivity measurements in agreement with measurements made using the Pelli‐Robson Letter Chart. We tested 138 visually normal children (between 12–66 months) monocularly and binocularly to establish norms. The results from the children indicate that CS increases up to approximately 2 years of age after which it attains adult values.These results suggest that the Cardiff Contrast Test provides an effective measurement technique for the determination of contrast sensitivity in infants.
ELECTROMYOGRAPHY CONTRIBUTION IN POST‐TRAUMATIC SPINAL CORD DISEASE
Authors: Mariani E. , Attolini R. , Bava A. , Borghi C.M. 
Published: July 2002

Aim of the Study: Amplify neurological balance in patients with recent vertebral spinal cord disease to establish the extension and gravity of damage on anterior horn cells, motor and sensory roots and the presence of entrapment neuropathies.Materials and Methods: Fourteen consecutive patients (13 males and 1 female), mean age: 42.9 years (range 24–65), an interval of time from lesion>1 and < 3 months with cervical lesions in nine cases and lumbosacral lesions in five cases. Central and peripheral nervous system and/or systemic diseases preceding trauma were excluded. Besides neurological evaluations and vertebral NMR/CT, standard EMG were performed: motor (M) and sensory (S) nerve conductions (NC), F‐wave study, and extensive muscular needle study differentiated in relation to cervical or lumbosacral side of lesion.Results: In cervical traumas 5 subjects showed complete medullar transversal lesion (C8‐T1 in 4 cases, C7 in 1 case) and 4 subjects incomplete lesion. EMG data: show amplitude CMAP in 5 subjects, MNC reduction in 4 patients, F‐Wave absence in 1 case. Normal SNC in 7 cases. No observed relation between gravity of clinical palsy and EMG alterations. At needle examination frequently presence of alterations often also over and under clinical level spinal cord lesion. In lumbar trauma we verified 3 cases with complete medullar palsy and 2 cases cauda equina syndrome as clinical aspects. EMG data: extreme MNC alterations in 2 of 3 cases with medullar palsy (normal in 1 case). In 2 cases with cauda equina syndrome we observed strict concordance between clinical and EMG aspects.Conclusions: EMG can usefully propose as systematically associated investigation in patients with post‐traumatic spinal cord diseases in order to define the localization and the gravity of neurological lesion and the contribution of lower motor neuron lesion to clinical palsy.
Intramolecular energy transfer rates in photoexcited cluster ions: The photodissociation dynamics of CO−3⋅H2O and CO−3⋅CO2
Authors: Snodgrass Joseph T. , Kim Hyun-Sook , Bowers Michael T. 
Published: July 2002

The photodissociation dynamics of CO−3⋅H2O and CO−3⋅CO2 have been investigated at photon energies of 2.13, 2.41, 2.54, and 2.71 eV. Experiments were conducted by crossing a mass-selected, 8 kV ion beam with a linearly polarized laser beam, and measuring the kinetic energy distributions of the charged photodissociation products. By varying the angle between the ion beam and the laser polarization vector, product angular distributions were obtained. The only ionic product observed from both systems was CO−3. The average energy partitioned into relative translation of the photofragments was determined to be ∼0.1 eV for CO−3⋅H2O and ∼0.07 eV for CO−3⋅CO2. In both cases, these kinetic energy release values were found to be nearly independent of photon energy. The small fraction of the available energy partitioned into kinetic energy of the photofragments indicates that the upper states of the transitions leading to photodissociation are bound, and that a substantial fraction of the available energy must be channeled into internal energy of the dissociating fragments. The angular distributions of CO−3 photoproducts from both CO−3⋅H2O and CO−3⋅CO2 were found to be extremely isotropic. Modeling the experimental data using statistical phase space theory shows that dissociation occurs prior to complete
energy randomization, and provides a measure of the extent of energy randomization prior to dissociation. Comparison of theory and experiment indicates the photodissociation processes proceed by the following mechanism: (1) Photon absorption occurs via a transition localized on CO−3 moiety: CO−3 (2B1)⋅X+hν→CO−3 (2A1)⋅X, where X=CO2 or H2O. (2) CO−3(2A1)⋅X internally converts to CO−3(2B1)⋅X, with a high degree of vibrational excitation being localized on the CO−3 moiety. (3) The vibrational excitation localized on the CO−3 moiety begins to slowly randomize throughout the cluster ion. (4) Before complete energy randomization has occurred, CO−3(2B1)⋅X dissociates to CO−3 and X, with the nascent CO−3 product containing a significant amount of internal energy (∼1.4 eV). The time required for approximately 1.0 eV of vibrational energy localized in CO−3(2B1) to randomize throughout the CO−3⋅X cluster is at least 10−9±1 s.
Structure of a polar fluid near a wall. Exact asymptotic behavior of the profile, relation with the electrostriction phenomena and the Kerr effect
Authors: Badiali J. P. 
Published: July 2002

We study the asymptotic behavior of the position-orientation profile ρ(1) for a dipolar hard sphere fluid in contact with a neutral hard wall. First, by a virial expansion we show that ρ(1) is not totally determined by the classical image potential, i.e., by a dielectric continuum model. The exact expression of ρ(1) far from the wall is derived by using a renormalized cluster expansion. As predicted by the dielectric continuum model, ρ(1) exhibits an orientational structure and a long tail which decreases as the inverse cubic power of the distance to the wall. We first examine the density profile ρ0(1) which corresponds to the isotropic part of ρ(1). We show that ρ0(1) contains a part reminiscent of the image potential but also some contributions which depends on the pair correlation function and the triplet direct correlation function in bulk phase. When this last function is neglected, ρ0(1) can be considered as the result of a force balance in the interface. In the general result, the triplet direct correlation allows us to obtain a very compact expression for ρ0(1). It is shown that the asymptotic behavior of ρ0(1) reveals the same microscopic properties as the classical electrostriction phenomena which is observed in bulk phase and in presence of an external electric field. Thus, ρ0(1) can be considered as the result of a natural electrostriction induced in the interfacial region by the image potential. The term of lowest symmetry in the orientational structure describes the alignment of a molecule relative to the normal to the wall. Far from the wall, the orientational profile is proportional to the dipolar contribution of the Kerr constant. Thus, the asymptotic behavior of the profile and the Kerr effect are determined by the same function characterizing the alignment of dipoles. This alignment is observed via an external field in the case of the usual Kerr effect and it is naturally induced by the image potential in the interfacial region. The triplet direct correlation function gives rise also to some additional orientational structures which are ignored in the dielectric continuum model. The exact results derived in this paper include some bridge diagrams and consequently they are beyond the wall–particle hypernetted chain
approximation.
Excess electron surface states on helium clusters
Authors: Rosenblit M. , Jortner Joshua 
Published: July 2002

In this paper we report on quantum mechanical calculations for the ground and the excited electronic surface states of an excess electron on (He)N clusters (N=3.5×105–6×1023), exploring the cluster size dependence of the excess electron localization and the bridging between the properties of the electron on cluster microsurfaces and on flat macrosurfaces. Representing the e-(He)N potential by a short-range repulsive model potential or by a pseudopotential, together with a long-range attractive dielectric image potential, we have shown that the electronic energies are relatively insensitive (i.e., within 20% for N=106 and within 6% for N≥107) to the details of the short-range repulsive interactions. The model potential results in a ‘‘critical’’ radius R(1,0)c=148 Å with a number of constituents N(1,0)c=3.0×105 for electron localization in the ground n=1, l=0 electronic state, while with a further increase of the cluster radius R above R(1,0)c, higher n,l states become localized at cluster radii R(n,l)c, with Rc(n,l′) ≳ Rc(n,l) for l′≳l and Rc(n′,l′) ≳ Rc(n,l) for n′≳n and for all values of l and l′.
The energies En,l of the n,l electronic states above the localization threshold are characterized by the scaling relations En,l(R)∝(R−R(n,l)c)η(l) with η(l)=2 for l=0 and η(l)=1 for l≠0. The charge distribution in this size domain for l=0 is characterized by the moments 〈rJ〉∝(R−R(n,0)c)−J, while for l=1, 〈r〉∝(R−R(n,1)c)−1/2. The ‘‘critical’’ cluster radii for localization obey algebraic relations, which result in the cluster size dependence of the number of bound electronic states. Cluster surface size equations were obtained for R→∞ providing a quantitative description of the convergence of the electronic energies to those for a flat surface. Information on electronic spectroscopy was inferred from the cluster size dependence of the transition energies and oscillator strengths for the 1,0(1s)→n,1(np) electronic excitations. The 1s→1p electronic transition is characterized by a transition energy and an oscillator strength which both decrease as R−2, manifesting the onset of l degeneracy for macrosurfaces. Finally, electric field effects provide information on field-induced ionization and huge polarizabilities αc≂ (109–1011)αH (where αH is the polarizability of the hydrogen atom) of these giant excess electron states.
A laser-induced fluorescence study of OH desorption from Pt(111) during oxidation of hydrogen in O2 and decomposition of water
Authors: Fridell Erik , Elg Alf-Peter , Rosén Arne , Kasemo Bengt 
Published: July 2002

The desorption of OH radicals from Pt(111) at high temperature, ≳1000 K, during the water formation (H2+1/2 O2→H2O) and water decomposition reactions, respectively, was investigated using the laser-induced fluorescence technique. The results are compared with corresponding data from our laboratory for polycrystalline Pt. The OH desorption rate in H2+O2 at 1–100 mTorr total pressure has its maximum at 8%–9% relative H2 concentration for surface temperatures between 1100 and 1400 K. With H2 replaced by D2, the OD desorption rate maximizes at somewhat higher relative hydrogen content. The apparent activation energy for OH desorption increases from about 1.4 eV at low relative hydrogen concentration to about 2.0 eV at hydrogen contents of 25% or more. For the water decomposition reaction, the apparent activation energy for OH desorption was found to be 1.7±0.2 eV at 0.5 Torr and 1.9±0.2 eV at 1 Torr. These differences in apparent activation energies are primarily due to kinetic effects. The results are analyzed within a kinetic model previously developed by Hellsing et al. [J. Catal. 132, 210 (1991)], and are also compared with previous data for polycrystalline Pt. The kinetic model calculations give good overall agreement with the measured OH desorption rates as functions of temperature, H2/O2 mixture and H2O pressure, respectively. A nonuniqueness problem, with respect to the choice of kinetic parameters, is encountered in the simulation of the measured data; quite different sets of two of the kinetic constants, namely the activation energy for water formation (via OH+H→H2O) and the activation energy for OH desorption can reproduce the data as long as their difference is constant.
This nonuniqueness problem, which is a consequence of the steady-state nature of the measurements, is analyzed and discussed in some detail, as are some apparent contradictions in the absolute values of reported kinetic constants in the literature. From this analysis two important conclusions are drawn. (i) The apparent contradictions in the literature about absolute values of activation energies for the water formation reaction and for OH-desorption may be less severe than believed or nonexistent. (ii) Coverage dependent activation energies must be considered and experimental exploration of such coverage dependencies are needed to create a firmer base for the kinetic modeling of the H2/O2 reaction on Pt.
The Φ4 equations of motion. II. The zero-, one-, and two-dimensional solutions
Authors: Manolessou Marietta 
Published: July 2002

This is the second paper of the series concerning the solution of the system of Φ4 equations of motion for the Schwinger functions by a fixed-point method. These works constitute a part of a general program towards the construction of a Φ44 Wightman quantum field theory (QFT). In the previous paper [J. Math. Phys. 29, 2092 (1988)] (Paper I), a general outline of the program has been presented. Moreover, the ‘‘nice’’ properties of signs, splitting, and norms revealed ‘‘experimentally’’ by the Φ iteration have been analyzed. We have shown how this iterative procedure converges to the solution (if the coupling constant is fixed positive and smaller than a finite value) thanks to the conservation of these properties, which constitute in fact a complete system of self-consistent conditions. Taking into account this information, in the present paper, the answer to the zero-, one-, and two-dimensional problems is given. To be precise, the fixed-point method is constructed by formulating the properties of signs and splitting of the Φ iteration in terms of particular subsets Φ0Λ ⊆ℬ0 (zero dimensions) and ΦΛ⊆ℬ (one and two dimensions) of the appropriated Banach spaces ℬ0 and ℬ, defined exactly with the norms provided by the Φ iteration. The basic ingredients, both introduced already in I, are, on the one hand, the bounded positive sequences of the splitting constants and, on the other hand, the sweeping factors, which carry all the combinatorial information for the global terms. Their absolute and relative bounds yield the stability of the corresponding subsets and the conservation of the norms.
F o r the zero-dimensional problem a simpler equivalent system (nonlinear map) of equations in the space of the splitting sequences is solved by ensuring the existence of the solution (resp. contractivity) inside the corresponding subset when the coupling constant Λ satisfies 0&lt;Λ≲0.1 (resp. 0&lt;Λ≲0.01). For the two- (or one-) dimensional problem it is shown that when 0&lt;Λ≲0.006, the subset ΦΛ is stable under the nonlinear mapping (represented by the equations of motion), which in turn is contractive inside ΦΛ under weaker conditions on Λ. By this last result the convergence of the Φ iteration to the unique fixed point (presented in I) is reobtained in a direct way.