bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The recognition of oral manifestations of haematological disease saves lives: a case report
Authors: Aurora Fabienne , Arasaretnam Anita , Hobkirk Andrew 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute Leukaemias are haematological disorders characterised by the proliferation of immature white blood cells in the bone marrow and/or peripheral blood. Oral manifestations of leukaemia are common and may be the first sign of the disease. The clinical presentation of these Acute Leukaemias may include neutropenic sepsis, hyperviscocity and coagulopathy which confer a potential morbidity and mortality. Clinicians must be able to recognise this pattern of presentation.

Case report
We report a 34-year-old female who was referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department with acute dental pain and pericoronitis. She subsequently had a simple dental extraction but re-presented with a bleeding socket that did not respond to local treatment. Investigation of this led to a diagnosis of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL). She was admitted under the care of the haematology team for urgent, life-saving, treatment.

Conclusions
Early diagnosis and treatment of the Acute Leukaemias can be life saving. The oral manifestations of disease are common and may be the first sign. Clinicians must be able to recognise this pattern of presentation and arrange urgent investigation and specialist management.

Clinical/CPD relevance
This case report discusses leukaemia and highlights the important role General Dental Practitioners can play in early diagnosis. We frame a safe approach to managing these patients in a typical case. Whilst this disease subtype is rare, the learning points can be universally applied.
Short-term effects of post-fire salvage logging intensity and activity on breeding birds in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, USA
Authors: Fogg Alissa M. , Roberts L. Jay , Burnett Ryan D. , Campos Brent R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Salvage logging of fire-killed trees in western US conifer forests has been shown to negatively affect many wildlife species, but there are few quantitative studies from the Sierra Nevada, CA. Salvage intensity (i.e., the proportion of fire-killed trees removed during logging activities) has also rarely been measured; instead, most studies track the presence/absence of salvage activities. We explored the effects of post-fire salvage on the breeding bird community following the 2012 Chips and 2013 Rim fires using a before-after control-impact sample design, and modeled species responses to salvage including a test of whether species responded to salvage intensity or the presence of salvage activities as a whole.

Results
Salvage operations removed an average of 71% of the snag basal area in the Chips Fire and 64% in the Rim Fire within 50 m of our salvaged survey locations. Bird species responses to salvage in both fires were largely non-significant or negative (Chips: 11 negative, 4 positive, 19 non-significant; Rim: 13 negative, 4 positive, 20 non-significant). Statistical support for the salvage intensity vs. salvage activity models was split evenly among all species. Positive salvage responders in both fires included species adapted to open habitats and seed consumers, while a wide variety of species, including woodpeckers, species associated with open and dense mature forest, and some shrub nesters, responded negatively to salvage. We also evaluated five salvage prescription scenarios based on snag basal area, salvage intensity, and area treated to determine whether any combination could minimize the negative effects on the salvage-sensitive species yet retain the same salvage yield. The scenarios with the smallest area targeted with high-intensity salvage saw the smallest declines in abundance and diversity, but nearly all scenarios reduced both measures.

Conclusions
No combinations of salvage intensity and distribution from among the scenarios we explored were able to fully mitigate the negative effect on the bird community; however, the magnitude of declines in abundance and diversity was smaller than expected, and the majority of the species analyzed had a non-significant response. We recommend targeting salvage activities in the Sierra Nevada to those locations where snags pose a safety issue or where reforestation is most needed to conserve this fire-adapted bird community.
Some thoughts on analytical choices in the scaling model for test scores in international large-scale assessment studies
Authors: Robitzsch Alexander , Lüdtke Oliver 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInternational large-scale assessments (LSAs), such as the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), provide essential information about the distribution of student proficiencies across a wide range of countries. The repeated assessments of the distributions of these cognitive domains offer policymakers important information for evaluating educational reforms and received considerable attention from the media. Furthermore, the analytical strategies employed in LSAs often define methodological standards for applied researchers in the field. Hence, it is vital to critically reflect on the conceptual foundations of analytical choices in LSA studies. This article discusses the methodological challenges in selecting and specifying the scaling model used to obtain proficiency estimates from the individual student responses in LSA studies. We distinguish design-based inference from model-based inference. It is argued that for the official reporting of LSA results, design-based inference should be preferred because it allows for a clear definition of the target of inference (e.g., country mean achievement) and is less sensitive to specific modeling assumptions. More specifically, we discuss five analytical choices in the specification of the scaling model: (1) specification of the functional form of item response functions, (2) the treatment of local dependencies and multidimensionality, (3) the consideration of test-taking behavior for estimating student ability, and the role of country differential items functioning (DIF) for (4) cross-country comparisons and (5) trend estimation. This article’s primary goal is to stimulate discussion about recently implemented changes and suggested refinements of the scaling models in LSA studies.
An error in interpretation and real extraordinary electrocardiographic changes in patient with acute traumatic spondylolisthesis
Authors: Karacali Kadir , Yalcinkaya Damla , Ilhan Bilal Canberk , Yarlioglues Mikail 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute cervical spinal trauma may lead to cardiac effects by influencing cardiac sympathetic preganglionic fibers. Some of these effects, which are vital, may occur in ECG.Case presentationA 52-year-old female patient admitted to the emergency department with acute traumatic spondylolisthesis atC6-C7 level and paraplegia. Positive QRS complex, ST segment depressions and prolongation of QTc interval were observed on ECG according to sudden autonomic disruption because of sympathetic nerve compression. It was mentioned that changes in QRS complex axis was normal which was dependent to the ECG display format of Cabrera sequence used differently from the classical system. After surgical correction, evident ST depressions were recovered and QTc intervalwas narrowed but still prolonged in control ECG.ConclusionsAutonomic dysfunction can lead to extraordinary electrocardiographic presentation including widespread ST depressions with prolonged QTc interval. However, when evaluating the changes in the ECG, attention should be paid to ECG display format to avoid errors in interpretation.
Medicinal pteridophytes: ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, and clinical attributes
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Anustup , Dey Abhijit 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Almost from the very beginning of human existence, man has been interacting with plants. Throughout human history, plants have provided humans with basic needs such as sustenance, firewood, livestock feed, and wood. The world has approximately 3 million vascular plants. The treatment of primary health problems is provided primarily by traditional medicines by around 80% of the world's population. Compared to other vascular plants, pteridophytes remain underexplored in ethnobotanical aspects, despite being regarded as a valuable component of healthcare for centuries. As an alternative medicine, pteridophytes are being investigated for their pharmacological activity. Almost 2000 years ago, humans were exploring and using plant species from this lineage because of its beneficial properties since pteridophytes were the first vascular plants.

Main body of the abstract
All popular search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus were searched to retrieve the relevant literature using various search strings relevant to the topic. Pteridophytes belonging to thirty different families have been documented as medicinal plants. For instance, Selaginella sp. has been demonstrated to have numerous therapeutic properties, including antioxidative, inflammation-reducing, anti-carcinogenic, diabetes-fighting, virucidal, antibacterial, and anti-senile dementia effects. In addition, clinical trials and studies performed on pteridophytes and derived compounds are also discussed in details.

Short conclusion
This review offers a compilation of therapeutically valuable pteridophytes utilized by local ethnic groups, as well as the public.

Graphical Abstract
Circadian mechanism disruption is associated with dysregulation of inflammatory and immune responses: a systematic review
Authors: Fatima Nazmin , Sonkar Gyanendra Kumar , Singh Sangeeta 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe circadian rhythms are regulated by the circadian clock which is under the control of suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothalamus. The central and peripheral clocks on different tissue together synchronize to form circadian system. Factors disrupt the circadian rhythm, such as irregular eating patterns, sleep/wake time, night shift work and temperature. Due to the misalignment of central clock components, it has been recognized as the pathophysiology of lifestyle-related diseases mediated by the inflammation such as diabetes, obesity, neurological disorder and hormonal imbalance. Also we discuss the therapeutic effect of time-restricted feeding over diabetes and obesity caused by miscommunication between central and peripheral clock. The genetic and epigenetic changes involve due to the deregulation of circadian system. The aim of the present review is to discuss the circadian mechanisms that are involved in the complex interaction between host and external factors and its disruption is associated with deregulation of inflammatory and immune responses. Hence, we need to understand the mechanism of functioning of our biological clocks so that it helps us treat health-related problems such as jet lags, sleep disorders due to night-time shift work, obesity and mental disturbances. We hope minimal cost behavioural and lifestyle changes can improve circadian rhythms and presumably provide a better health.
Experimental design approach, screening and optimization of system variables, analytical method development of flurbiprofen in nanoparticles and stability-indicating methods for high-pressure liquid chromatography
Authors: Mandpe Shilpa R. , Parate Vishal R. , Naik Jitendra B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The development of chromatographic method and the validation of a sensitive, simple, efficient, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) approach were adopted for the drug flurbiprofen (FBP) in nanoparticles formulation by using a design of experiment (DoE). The critical method variables (CMVs) were screened using a statistical two-level fractional factorial design (FFD) followed by optimization of the selected CMVs that influence the analytical responses (ARs) of the RP-HPLC process by using two-level full factorial design.

Results
Statistical models are used to investigate the effects of system factors including column temperature, flow rate, and methanol in orthophosphoric acid (OPA) on the dependent responses, retention time, peak area, tailing factor, and theoretical plates in HPLC. The ideal column temperature (25 °C), flow rate (1 ml/min), and mobile phase (methanol 85 percent v/v in 0.05 percent OPA in water) were selected independently from the response surface at three levels (1, + 1, and 0) for further validation at constant solvent pH 2.75. Optimized method in the RP-HPLC resulted a retention time of 4.75 min, a peak area of 3975.12, a tailing factor of 0.73, and a total of 9697.7 theoretical plates followed by validation in accordance with the current ICH recommendations Q2 (R1). Linearity, precision, accuracy, assay, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), and robustness were all included in validation. The calibration curve was linear (r2 = 0.9997, slope = 70.72) for the concentration of 10 to 50 µg/ml, with a limit of detection of 0.14 µg/ml. Furthermore, stability-indicating methods demonstrate that drug degradation is highest in the presence of basic circumstances (about 96.49%), followed by oxidation (about 76.41%), and acidic conditions (about 48.12%), whereas drug is stable in some extent under neutral, photo (sunlight), and dry heat conditions.

Conclusions
Effect of independent variables on dependent responses was screened and optimized by using statistical software design. A method for drug development could be successfully implemented for the estimation of drug in nanoparticles formulation as well as for the routine analysis in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. The high recovery and low relative standard deviation support the suitability of proposed method that could be employed.

Graphical Abstract
Isolated hypopharynx lipoma: a case presentation and literature review
Authors: Ouattassi Naouar , Qassab Omaima , Hammas Nawal , Oudidi Abdellatif , El Alami Mohamed Nouredine El Amine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Lipomas are the most common benign mesenchymal tumors. They are defined as subcutaneous neoplasms of mature adipocyte cells that can occur wherever fatty tissue is. Lipomas are rare in the upper aerodigestive tract. Usually asymptomatic, they may be painful, uncomfortable, or even life-threatening especially if voluminous and located in the upper aerodigestive tract.

Case presentation
A 67-year-old female patient has presented with dyspnea on mild effort and chronic orthopnea. The physical examination was normal while the fiber optic endoscopy revealed a submucosal round-shaped mass rising from the left side of the post-cricoid region. CT scan revealed a well-circumscribed fatty mass of the left piriform sinus for which the patient underwent an endoscopic transoral approach for a complete removal with good results.

Discussion and conclusion
Pharyngeal lipomas are rare entities that might be life-threatening. Although clinical manifestations are not specific, imaging techniques, especially MRI, help set the diagnosis showing a fatty mass of the upper aerodigestive tract. However, pathology examination is crucial to rule out low-grade liposarcomas. Surgical management is not well-codified and has benefited from the development of endoscopic techniques.
Endobronchial management of bronchopleural fistula using vascular plug device—a case report
Authors: Gutte Avinash A. , Dembla Saurabh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a sinus tract between the pleural space and the main stem, lobar, or segmental bronchus. The development of a bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. An interdisciplinary approach, early diagnosis, and timely management of these lesions are critical in the management of such lesions.

Case presentation
We describe a case of bronchopleural fistula in a 42-year-old female patient, occurring after a surgery for pulmonary hydatid, which was successfully managed using a minimally invasive method of closure using Amplatzer vascular plug (AVP).
To our knowledge, the use of an AVP for the management of a BPF following hydatid cyst marsupialization has rarely been described in the past.

Conclusion
AVP is a useful device in the management of bronchopleural fistulas, especially in patients failing a trial of conservative management and are high-risk candidates for surgeries.
Association of loneliness and social network size in adulthood with childhood maltreatment: Analyses of a population-based and a clinical sample
Authors: Reinhard Matthias A. , Rek Stephanie V. , Nenov-Matt Tabea , Barton Barbara B. , Dewald-Kaufmann Julia , Merz Katharina , Musil Richard , Jobst Andrea , Brakemeier Eva-Lotta , Bertsch Katja , Padberg Frank 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPerceived loneliness and objective social network size are related but distinct factors, which negatively affect mental health and are prevalent in patients who have experienced childhood maltreatment (CM), for example, patients with persistent depressive disorder (PDD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). This cross-diagnostic study investigated whether loneliness, social network size, or both are associated with self-reported CM.MethodsLoneliness and social network size were assessed in a population-based sample at two time points (Study 1,N = 509), and a clinical group of patients with PDD or BPD (Study 2,N = 190) using the UCLA Loneliness Scale and the Social Network Index. Further measures were the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and standard depression rating scales. Linear regression analyses were applied to compare associations of loneliness or social network size with CM. Multiple mediation analyses were used to test the relative importance of loneliness and social network size in the relationship between CM and depressive symptoms.ResultsIn both studies, loneliness showed a stronger association than social network size with CM. This was particularly marked for emotional neglect and emotional abuse. Loneliness but not social network size mediated the relationship between CM and depressive symptoms.ConclusionsLoneliness is particularly associated with self-reported CM, and in this respect distinct from the social network size. Our results underline the importance of differentiating both psychosocial constructs and suggest focusing on perceived loneliness and its etiological underpinnings by mechanism-based psychosocial interventions.
Fracture Risk in Pediatric Patients With MEN2B
Authors: Li Iris , Hartley Iris R , Klubo-Gwiedzdzinska Joanna , Reynolds James C , Thomas Barbara J , Hogan Julie , Enyew Mahider M , Dombi Eva , Ling Alexander , Akshintala Srivandana , Venzon David J , Del Rivero Jaydira , Collins Michael , Glod John W 
Published: September 2022

AbstractContextThe skeletal phenotype of patients with MEN2B has been described but fracture risk in these patients has not yet been evaluated.ObjectiveThis work aims to better delineate fracture risk in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B).MethodsThis case series with chart review was conducted at the National Institutes of Health, Pediatric Oncology Branch. A total of 48 patients with MEN2B were identified, with an age range of 5 to 36 years, median of 19; 24 of 48 (50%) patients were female. Medical records, demographic information, available imaging, and laboratory results were reviewed. History up to age 19 was included in the statistical analyses.ResultsOf the 48 patients with MEN2B, 20 patients experienced at least one fracture. The majority (n = 18) experienced their first fracture at or before age 19. The observed frequency of fracture occurrence throughout childhood (0-19 years) was 38%, with very little difference between males and females. This frequency is higher than the 9.47 to 36.1 fractures per 1000 persons per year that has been reported in healthy pediatric cohorts in the United States. Less common sites of fracture including vertebral compression fracture and pelvic fractures were observed in patients with MEN2B.ConclusionIn this group of patients with MEN2B, there was an increased overall risk of fracture compared to general pediatric cohorts in the United States. Less common sites of fracture were also observed. This suggests a possible effect of an activating RET mutation on bone physiology and warrants further investigation.
Synthesis of Highly Dispersed Zn-doped SnO2 Spherical Nano Materials for Anode of Lithium-ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Linlin , Zhang Penglin , Chen Xiujuan , Fang Yingqiang , Wu Jiakui , Zhang Quanwen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, Zn-doped spherical nano SnO2 lithium-ion battery anode materials were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis using surfactants. The physical and chemical characterization of the composite material was studied by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, constant-current cycling and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. When the doped content is 10 wt %, the cyclic stability and rate performance are better than other materials, and the discharge capacity is about 250.5 mAhg−1 after 100 cycles. The electrochemical measurement results show that Zn-doped spherical nano SnO2 composites have broad application prospects.