bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Interventions on Psychological Resilience among Individuals with Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Üzar-Özçetin Y.S. , Öcalan S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCancer is a disease that can cause traumatic experiences and disrupt the balance of life in individuals. The development of resilience in individuals is important in adapting to the cancer process and the difficulties that the process may bring.ObjectivesTo investigate the effectiveness of interventions for the psychological resilience of individuals with cancer.MethodsThe findings of randomized controlled trials related to interventions to effect resilience of individuals with cancer were included. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was used to analyze the data. Hedges’ g and 95% confidence intervals were computed to estimate the effect. Additionally, funnel plots were created to assess publication bias. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis was used.ResultsThe eight studies that demonstrated the effect of the interventions on resilience of individuals with cancer were heterogeneous. The effect size was 2.649 (95% CI = 1.325 - 3.973), was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Results of the subgroup analysis showed that the effects of sample size, cancer type, lenght of treatment, duration of intervention and gender were significant. According to the lenght of treatment studies lasting >90 min and >10 weeks were less significant impact on resilience. Studies in which the sample consisted of more than 100 participants, conducted participants with mixed type of cancer and the sample consisted of participants from both genders demonstrated statistically significant effects on resilience.ConclusionsThis study showed that supportive interventions are crucial in developping psychological resilience among individuals with cancer. However, the findings also underscore the need for further research.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The Puzzles Test and the Red Shapes Test as new diagnostic tools for neglect syndrome
Authors: Propustina V. , Stepanov G. , Yurina D. , Varako N. , Kovyazina M. , Vasilyeva S. , Daminov V. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Neuropsychological methods for diagnosing neglect syndrome (NS) are focused on identifying the inability of patients to respond to stimuli localized in contralesional space. There are a large number of methods capable of diagnosing spatial neglect, but at the same time having various limitations and restrictions in their use.ObjectivesTo devise and to test universal diagnostic techniques for visuospatial neglect detection.Methods1) A.R. Luria test battery; Trail Making Test (Part A); the Bells Test; 2) Authors’ methods: the Puzzles Test, the Red Shapes Test. A total of 47 patients after stroke with right hemisphere damage participated in the study and were divided into a target (18 patients with NS) and a control (29 patients without NS) groups. The Puzzles Test consists of three tasks: turning over cards, completing a sentence using cards with letters, completing a picture. The Red Shapes Test consisted in the search for a variable number of geometric shapes. Objective indicators of the study: total task completion time, the number of left omissions.ResultsThe sensitivity of the tests to NS was examined using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Differences in the number of omissions and task completion time between patients with and without spatial neglect were statistically significant regarding all tasks: turning over cards (p=0.01), completing a sentence (p<0.001), completing a picture (p<0.001), finding geometric shapes (p<0.01).ConclusionsThe Puzzles Test and Red Shapes Test along with the foreign tests (the Bells Test, Trail Making Test) are sufficiently effective methods for spatial neglect detection.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
From medication to meditation as treatment for chronic stress and utility of hair cortisol measurement: randomized clinical trial
Authors: De Juan Viladegut O. , Bioque M. , Bueno Sanya L. , Andreu Gracia H. , Olivier Mayorga L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionStress is part of the daily life of many people, especially in Western countries. Recent studies have shown that cortisol has been listed as the primary hormone linked to stress. Currently, to measure cortisol values there are only tests that quantify it at a determined time point, without taking into account its variability and its changing pattern over time, depends on the circadian rhythm and other stress-related factors.ObjectivesThis randomized clinical trial of the Hospital Clínic de Barcelona proposes to study the utility of accumulated hair cortisol concentration (HCC) as a measure to correlate the levels of this hormone over time with the stress suffered by the patient.MethodsPatients are classified into two groups: a control group and an intervention group. In the second group, the participants will follow a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) with the aim of reducing stress and, consequently, cortisol levels.ResultsThe purpose of this study is to validate the utility of HCC in order to, retrospectively, obtain cortisol secretion curves as a measure of the level of stress of each individual and personalize the treatments. Simultaneously, we intend to present new perspectives for treatment in psychiatric disorders where stress predominates, such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) or major depression (MD), which are becoming increasingly important in our society.ConclusionsHCC contributes to the practice of personalized medicine as it allows us to detect cortisol exposure in the months prior to obtaining the capillary sample, and thus to draw the trend of this hormone over time.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Trainees between theoreticalknowledge and the initiative takingat the hospital
Authors: Betbout I. , Amemou B. , Ben Haouala A. , Bouraoui W. , Chida S. , Zaafrane F. , Mhalla A. , Gaha L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe internshipis a period in which the studentimplements what they have learned from their training to obtain or certification and to promote their professionalintegration, the difficulty of taking initiative and the lack of self-esteemrepresenting an obstacle to their trainingObjectivesThis is a quantitative descriptive study conducted at the different placement departments among all 2nd-year students in all sections. Our data collection was done using two questionnaires administered, one for the supervisors and the other for the students.MethodsTheoretical Framework: Theorist Patricia BennerResultsAccording to the results found, in oursample, thereis a predominance of females 89.17%, with a sex ratio of 0.121. 88.34% are aged between 20 - 21 years and an averageage of 22.4 years. According to the interpretation of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale scores, 17.5% of the trainees have a “Very Low Self-Esteem”, 47.5% have a “Low Self-Esteem”, 25.83% have an “Average Self-Esteem”, and only 9.17% have a “High Self-Esteem”. In addition, more than half of the respondents, 53.33%, state thatthey “often” have difficultytaking the initiative in the traineeshipenvironment, while 30.83% do not have such difficulty but “rarely”. Indeed, 53.33% of confirmedsupervisorssaythatthey “often” have difficultytaking the initiative in the placement environmentConclusionsIt isnecessary to take into account these obstacles to the trainee’s training through better psychological supervision, which could be the first steptowardssolving the problemDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychiatric adverse events reported after COVID-19 vaccination in the European Union (EU), the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK)
Authors: Macias Saint-Gerons D. , Correa Ghisays P. , Tabarés-Seisdedos R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSeveral psychiatric adverse events can occur after vaccination. Passive surveillance reporting systems can support the identification of rare adverse events and contribute to hypothesis generation for potential causal associations.ObjectivesTo describe the psychiatric adverse reactions associated with various COVID-19 vaccines reported in the WHO database (VigiBase®)MethodsWe for individual case reports (ICSRs) for “Psychiatric disorders” linked to COVID-19 vaccines authorized in the EU, the US and the UK. Reporting rates were calculated using the number of administered doses as a denominator. Disproportional reporting was investigated through frequentist and Bayesian approaches by the calculation the information component (IC) for adverse psychiatric adverse not included in the vaccine label.Results63322 ICSRs including 76,163 psychiatric adverse events were identified, 21878 (34.6 %) were serious events. Mean age in the reports was 48.8 years old (SD: 17.8) and involved 44441 (70.2%) female and 17975 (28.4%) women; sex was not specified in 906 (1.4%) reports. Rate of reported psychiatric adverse events per million administered doses were 52.0, 110.3, 164.8 and 170.8 for Tozinameran/Cominarty (Pfizer-BioNTech), Elasomeran (Moderna), Vaxzevria (AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2-S (Janssen) vaccines respectively. UK recorded the highest rates. The most frequently reported events were insomnia (21.6%), confusional state (13.6%) and anxiety (13.5%). Disproportionality was found for: habit cough (IC:3.6), clinomania (IC: 2.2), exploding head syndrome (IC: 2.2) and autoscopy (IC: 2.1).ConclusionsRates of reported psychiatric adverse events are very low. Doctors and patients should be aware of these potential adverse reactions. Continuing monitoring of emerging potential safety signals is advised.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
ADHD and Intellectual Disability: using ADHD medication
Authors: Courtenay K. , Perera B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMental disorders and ADHD in people with ID are higher than in the general population.Clinicians may be reluctant to diagnose ADHD in people with ID. They could be denied effective treatment.ObjectivesThe purpose of the study was to ascertain antipsychotic use in people with ID before and after the a diagnosis of ADHD.MethodsA casenote review in an ID service for aduls with ADHD. Data collected on psychotropic use before and after the diagnosis.ResultsForty-eight aduls with ADHD-ID were identified. 38(79%) were male and 10(21%) were female. 19 to 58 years of age. Four (8%) had mild ID; 44 (92%) had moderate to severe ID. 27(56%) had anxiety, mood disorders or psychosis. 21(44%) had ADHD only. Challenging behaviour was reported in 24 (50%) of cases. Thirty-three (68%) used psychotropic medication prior to the diagnosis of ADHD and after the diagnosis. Post-diagnosis, 20(60%) continued to use antipsychotic medication indicating the elimiation of antipsychotic use in 13(40%) of people. The level of medication use remained the same in spite of the reduction of antipsychotic medication. The diagnoses of challenging behaviour was not affected by the reduction in antipsychotic medication and the increase in ADHD medication use.ConclusionsThe use of antipsychotic medication in people with intellectual disaibilities and ADHD is high. ADHD should be considered when people present wtih challenging behaviour. ADHD medication can be effective in treating ADHD-ID and can lead to a significant reduction in the use of antipsychotic medication.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Efficacy and safety of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) in treatment resistant depression
Authors: Kavakbasi E. , Tonkul M. , Baune B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulatory treatment option, which is used in a variety of neurological and psychiatric diseases. It is approved for depression treatment and recommended in international guidelines. A significant reduction in treatment duration was achieved by using theta burst stimulation (TBS) protocols, which are practicable and non-inferior to conventional TMS.ObjectivesTo analyse the efficacy and safety of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) of left DLPFC in inpatients with treatment-resistant depression.MethodsWe evaluated n=44 inpatients with treatment resistant major depressive disorder (n=37) and bipolar depression (n=7), who were treated with the 5 Hz intermittent TBS once daily for 3-6 weeks according to clinical decision. A total of 600 pulses and 200 bursts were applied in each treatment session. Clinical and response data were obtained by chart review.ResultsMean age at time of first stimulation was 54 years. 61,3 % of patients were female. On average, the current episode started 21 months before the first stimulation. In total, 924 treatment sessions were performed. On average, patients received 21 sessions. The mean MADRS Score pre-treatment was 27.2. Post-treatment, there was a clear reduction in depression severity (MADRS 18.3). No severe adverse events and no seizures occurred in this clinical observational analysis.ConclusionsIntermittent TBS is efficacious and safe in patients with chronic and refractory depression.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Food Attentional Bias and Eating Disordered symptomology: The moderating role of cognitive reappraisal
Authors: Lev-Ari L. , Kreiner H. , Avni O. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCognitive reappraisal (CR) is a cognitive regulation strategy aimed at changing how people think about certain stimuli in order to change their emotional impact. CR strategies have been used in research to try to change eating behaviors and other food-related responses. This study is the first to use a behavioral measurement to examine the effect of CR on food attentional bias (FAB) in people with elevated FAB.ObjectivesIt was hypothesized that CR would reduce FAB. Ninety-five participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: CR, upregulation (UP) or controls (CN).MethodsAll participants performed a computerized Visual Dot Probe (VDP) task using food stimuli to measure their FAB before and after the manipulation. The CR group recited five sentences aimed at curtailing the reward of high caloric food. Participants in the UP group recited five sentences aimed at strengthening the reward of high caloric food. The CN group recited five mundane sentences about their day. Participants also self-reported on eating disordered symptomology and BMI.ResultsPeople with elevated FAB had more disordered eating than people low on FAB. A significant interaction was observed between group and time (pre/post-test), with the lowest FAB levels in the CR group following the manipulation.ConclusionsCR, a self-administered strategy can be effective in reducing FAB. CR may be an effective strategy for developing resistance to tempting food stimuli and curbing high caloric food intake. Being highly attentive to food cues may contribute to obesity. The attentional bias paradigm can be used to detect early signs of FAB.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Anorexia nervosa admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from a Department of Psychiatry in northern Portugal
Authors: Vieira A. , Nunes P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionEmerging evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on mental health. In particular, patients with Anorexia nervosa (AN) may have faced increased symptom severity.ObjectivesTo compare the clinical characteristics of inpatients with AN admitted amidst the COVID-19 pandemic versus the two previous years.MethodsRetrospective observational study of inpatients admitted between January 2018 and December 2020 in a psychiatry inpatient unit of a tertiary hospital.ResultsThere were 11 admissions of patients with AN in 2020 (8 from March onwards), a 22% increase relative to 2019, which in turn saw a 28% increase in admissions relative to 2018. Most patients had an AN diagnosis previous to the pandemic. The majority were undergoing outpatient treatment for over a year. Two patients were admitted within a month of outpatient treatment. There was an increase in admissions through the emergency service in 2020. The most frequent diagnostic was AN binge-eating/purging type in 2020 and 2019, whereas in 2018 the AN restrictive type was dominant. Mean BMI at admission and average length of stay were similar across the three years. Readmission in a 12-month period was 54,5% in 2020 (22,2% in 2019 and 42,9% in 2018).ConclusionsDespite the widespread impression of a negative impact of the pandemic on AN patients, in our study the clinical characteristics of AN patients admitted in 2020 were mostly similar to the two previous years. Readmissions were higher in 2020, therefore future analysis of data from 2021 might be more enlightening.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Attitudes and knowledge of the tunisian medical staff towards LGBT patients
Authors: Sediri S. , Chahed M. , Bouguerra I. , Maamri A. , Zalila H. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSexual minorities have been coming out more than ever before. However, Tunisian laws and society are still not supportive of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) rights. To this day, Tunisian doctors are requisitioned to carry out anal tests as part of expert testimonies in cases of conviction for homosexuality.ObjectivesAssess Tunisian physicians’ attitudes and knowledge towards LGBT patients.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in October 2021, among 445 Tunisian physicians and medical students. Data were collected via an anonymous self-administered online questionnaire including sociodemographic data and the LGBT Development of Clinical Skills Scale (LGBT-DOCSS).ResultsThe overall LGBT-DOCSS score was quite good (4.47 ±0.85). The attitudes of Tunisian doctors were better than their knowledge (p=0.01; t=2.6), which was better than their clinical preparedness (p<10-3; t=25) in treating LGBT patients. Doctors who self-identify as sexual minorities and those who interacted with LGBT people in their daily lives, were less stigmatising, more able to treat them and had better knowledge of their needs. Those who had had sexology training (5%) had better LGBT-DOCSS score (p=0.013), better knowledge (p=0.045) and preparedness (p<10-3) in treating LGBT patients but did not appear to be less stigmatising than the rest of the group (p=0.9). Religiosity was associated with a more stigmatising attitude (p<10-3), but had no impact on knowledge or preparedness.ConclusionsThis study points to gaps, identified by doctors themselves when faced with an LGBT patient. A more inclusive health system requires better matching of health services to the needs of the whole population without discrimination.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
A cross-sectional study of factors associated with life satisfaction in Thai elderly
Authors: Joowong S. , Junsirimongkol B. , Khaektao P. , Doungyota T. , Paomee K. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAging raises wide-ranging issues within social, economic, welfare, and health care systems. Life satisfaction is regarded as an indicator of the quality of life which, in turn, is associated with mortality and morbidity in older adults.ObjectivesLife Satisfaction is a dimension of happiness and well-being which represents the quality of life in both literacy and every aspect of a person. The purpose of the article is to assess the level of life satisfaction and the factors associated with life satisfaction in old age.MethodsThis research was conducted in a cross-sectional study using 36 items from Satisfaction and Well-being of Elderly (Thai semi-structured in-depth interviews) tools to collect data. The population used in this study was Thai people over 60 and used multistage probability sampling, were held with 2000 elderly individuals from 13 health regions of Thailand.Results
Of the 2000 samples, the overall life satisfaction was moderate (54.1%). Upon data analysis, ten categories were extracted. However, there are 7 factors that significantly influence the level of life satisfaction of the Thai elderly at p < 0.05: Age, Occupation, Recreational activities, Revenue, Education level, Religious activities, and Social Support. Moreover, when tested with Pearson Correlation found that the relationship between and Thai brief screening for depression (2Q) was low correlated (r -0.121, P=0.000).ConclusionsAging should be foreseen and forethought to increase life satisfaction. The following can be effective in increasing life satisfaction in the elderly: Placing greater emphasis on spiritualism in life, employment of the elderly, and promoting positive leisure in the elderly.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Depressive symptoms in the peripartum: incidence and associated characteristics
Authors: Pompili S. , Mauro A. , Orsolini L. , Salvi V. , Volpe U. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe peripartum is a period at high risk for the onset of depressive symptoms. The prevalence of peripartum depression (PD) ranges from 6 to 20% and is burdened with high adverse birth outcomes, poor mother-infant bonding, and a high risk for suicidal ideation and attempts. However, PD is underrecognized and consequently undertreated.ObjectivesWe aimed at screening depressive symptoms in women during pregnancy and postpartum, and evaluating the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics associated with depressive symptoms.Methods199 women, 55 during pregnancy and 144 in the postpartum period, consecutively admitted to the Perinatal Mental Health Service of Ancona (Italy) were administered a socio-demographic and clinical questionnaire together with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Women scoring ≥ 12 at the EPDS were considered screening positive.ResultsTwenty women (10%) were screening-positive. These women were more often foreigners (R2=0,032; β=0,178; p=0,012), single (R2=0,026; β=0,163; p=0,022), with a positive psychiatric family history (R2=0,114; β=-0,337; p=0,001) and more frequently affected by physical comorbidities unrelated to pregnancy (R2=0,03; β=0-0,174; p=0,014). These women also had more gestational comorbidities such as gestational hypertension (R2=0,02; β=-0,154; p=0,030), shortening of uterus neck (R2=0,05; β=-0,234; p=0,001), and miscarriage threats/placental abruption (R2=0,004; β=-0,067; p=0,001).ConclusionsOur study highlighted the association between depressive symptoms and potentially dangerous gestational comorbidities. Our results further stress the need to screen all women in the peripartum for the presence of depression, in order to identify those at-risk and eventually put in place strategies to prevent further complications to mothers and children.DisclosureNo significant relationships.