bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transoral Laser Microsurgery With Neck Dissection Versus Radiotherapy for T2N0 Supraglottic Cancer
Authors: Panuganti Bharat Akhanda , Voora Rohith , Coffey Charles , Orosco Ryan , Weissbrod Philip A. , Califano Joseph 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesTo compare overall survival outcomes associated with transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) with neck dissection versus definitive radiotherapy in the management of T2N0 supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsData were extracted from the National Cancer Database concerning patients with cT2N0M0 supraglottic cancer treated with either TLM and neck dissection with minimum lymph node yield of 10 or definitive radiotherapy. Predictors of overall survival were assessed via Cox proportional hazards regression.ResultsSeventy‐six cT2N0 supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma patients who underwent TLM with neck dissection (+/− adjuvant therapy) versus 991 patients who underwent radiotherapy. TLM was associated with an overall survival benefit (OR = 0.574; 95% CI 0.383–0.860) compared with radiotherapy. There was no difference in survival between TLM patients receiving adjuvant treatment and those receiving definitive radiotherapy.ConclusionsAn up‐front, TLM‐based surgical approach to cT2N0 supraglottic cancer may offer an overall survival benefit compared with definitive radiotherapy, and should receive more frequent consideration as a primary approach to this disease process.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:601–606, 2023
Study of two green phosphonium‐based ionic liquids lubricants for steel/steel contact
Authors: Zhu Lili , Dong Jun , Zeng Qunfeng , Chao Mianran , Li Weimin , Gong Kuiliang , Wang Xiaobo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aims at the characterisation of physicochemical properties and tribological behaviour of quaternary phosphonium based ionic liquids (QPILs) P44414Sac and P44414Ace at ambient temperature and elevated temperature. The kinematic viscosity, viscosity index (VI), thermal stability, corrosivity and tribological properties of the ionic liquids (ILs) were systematically investigated. The copper strip corrosion test results revealed that the two green ILs are non‐corrosive because of their halogen‐free characteristic. Tribological data demonstrated that the present ILs exhibited extremely superior friction‐reducing and anti‐wear properties to conventional IL lubricant 1‐Butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (L‐P104), 1‐n‐Octyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate (L‐P108) and commercially available synthetic oil PAO10. Electrical contact resistance (ECR) and surface analysis of the worn‐out steel disc surfaces revealed that the synergistic effect of a polarity induced physical adsorption layer and a tribo‐chemical reaction film formed a boundary film to protect steel‐steel contact between rubbing surfaces.
Free flap transfer with supermicrosurgical technique for soft tissue reconstruction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Escandón Joseph M. , Ciudad Pedro , Mayer Horacio F. , Pencek Megan , Mantilla‐Rivas Esperanza , Mohammad Arbab , Langstein Howard N. , Manrique Oscar J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSupermicrosurgery is a technique that allows microsurgeons to accomplish dissections and anastomoses of vessels and nerve fascicles with diameters of ≤0.8 mm. Considering the potential benefits of this technique and limited literature synthesizing the outcomes of supermicrosurgery, the aim of this study was to summarize the available evidence of reconstructive supermicrosurgery and to estimate the success rate.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. We included patient‐based studies reporting on procedures for soft‐tissue reconstruction with free flaps specifying the use of supermicrosurgery. We excluded studies reporting on lymphatic surgery, solely peripheral nerve surgery, and tissue replantation. Our primary endpoint was to calculate the flap success rate. Pooled estimates were calculated using a random‐effects meta‐analytic model.ResultsForty‐seven studies reporting outcomes of 698 flaps were included for qualitative synthesis. Overall, 15.75% of flaps were used for head and neck, 4.4% for breast and trunk, 9.3% for upper limb, and 69.2% for lower limb reconstruction. The most used flap was the superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap (41.5%). The overall flap success rate was 96.6% (95%CI 95.2%–98.1%). The cumulative rate of partial flap loss was 3.84% (95%CI 1.8%–5.9%). The overall vascular complication rate resulting in complete or partial flap loss was 5.93% (95%CI 3.5%–8.3%).ConclusionsSupermicrosurgery displays a high success rate. Further studies are necessary to explore the true potential of supermicrosurgery. This technique reformulates the boundaries of reconstructive surgery due to its extensive application.
The clinical effectiveness and safety of intravenous unfractionated heparin following digital replantation and revascularization: A narrative systematic review
Authors: Deblois Simon , Zhu Linda , Mastropasqua Bruno , Thibaudeau Stephanie , Ziegler Daniela , Pomp Alfons 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundDigital replants and revascularization (DRV) have been performed since the 1960s but there are no recognized standard peri‐operative anticoagulation practices. A narrative systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and safety of therapeutic peri‐operative unfractionated heparin following DRV was undertaken.MethodsA review of the literature from 1985 to March 2022 was conducted using Medline, Embase, CINAHL and EBM reviews. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) use following DRV was compared to low‐molecular weight heparin, other anticoagulants or no anticoagulation. Randomized trials, observational studies as well as guidelines were selected and independently screened. The Revised Cochrane risk‐of‐bias (RoB 2) tool and ROBINS‐I were used to appraise risk of bias.ResultsWhile the search strategy identified 1490 references, only six studies met the inclusion criteria. Significant heterogeneity and the low methodological quality of the evidence precluded a meta‐analysis. Among the four studies that documented the surgical success rate associated with the use of a therapeutic dose of UFH post DRV, only two reported improved clinical outcomes. Evidence of a higher complication rate related to UFH use was found in four studies. Low quality evidence suggests that a therapeutic dose of unfractionated heparin leads to a higher risk of complications when compared with heparin given as an intermittent bolus of unfractionated heparin or subcutaneous heparin, or prostaglandin E1 or no heparin.ConclusionsCurrent evidence suggests that IV UFH use following DRV has no significant impact on the success of the intervention. Heparin use may not be innocuous as some studies showed increased bleeding complications.
Bandwidth improvement of patch antenna and array with out‐of‐band rejection based on SISL platform for 5G applications
Authors: Aminu Sha'awanatu , Yan Ningning , Luo Yu , Ma Kaixue 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA low‐profile patch antenna is designed for bandwidth enhancement based on a substrate‐integrated suspended line (SISL) platform using low‐cost FR‐4 substrates. Two identical slots are cut at the patch edges for antenna miniaturization and controlling the first resonance. To achieve the bandwidth enhancement and ensure the uniformity of radiation patterns of the proposed design, two pairs of symmetrical slots are etched out on a rectangular patch. Thus, the second resonance is introduced, leading to significant bandwidth enhancement from 5% to 10%. Besides, two radiation nulls are generated. Based on the proposed design above, the antenna array comprising two identical radiating elements for gain enhancement and out‐of‐band rejection improvement is proposed, which provides another method for further improving the filtering response. The antenna element operates from 4.69 to 5.17 GHz with a measured gain of 8.9 dBi at the broadside direction, while the array achieves a high gain of 11.3 dBi.
Water turbidity detection based on laser scattering‐Raman ratio method
Authors: Che Xiaohua , Huang Fang , Bi Zongjie , Liu Qingcao , Wang Ling , Cui Zihao , Tian Zhaoshuo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a newly developed water turbidity detection system and present a novel turbidity retrieval method based on the laser scattering‐Raman ratio (LSRR). The detection system is based on laser spectroscopy technology, which delivers the laser light into the water sample and collects the scattering light, the Raman light, and the corresponding fluorescence through a Y‐type optical fiber. Experimental measurements on standard formazin solutions were carried out. The linear correlation coefficient between LSRR and the real turbidity values was up to 0.971. We propose two empirical formulas that can be employed to detect water turbidity with a wide range of practical applications. Our water turbidity detection system can be easily integrated into other detection systems due to its compact size, good environmental adaptability, and simple workflow; it shows a great potential for application prospects in the near further.
Simultaneous high‐resolution T2‐weighted imaging and quantitative T2 mapping at low magnetic field strengths using a multiple TE and multi‐orientation acquisition approach
Authors: Deoni Sean C. L. , O'Muircheartaigh Jonathan , Ljungberg Emil , Huentelman Mathew , Williams Steven C. R. 
Published: May 2022

PurposeLow magnetic field systems provide an important opportunity to expand MRI to new and diverse clinical and research study populations. However, a fundamental limitation of low field strength systems is the reduced SNR compared to 1.5 or 3T, necessitating compromises in spatial resolution and imaging time. Most often, images are acquired with anisotropic voxels with low through‐plane resolution, which provide acceptable image quality with reasonable scan times, but can impair visualization of subtle pathology.MethodsHere, we describe a super‐resolution approach to reconstruct high‐resolution isotropic T2‐weighted images from a series of low‐resolution anisotropic images acquired in orthogonal orientations. Furthermore, acquiring each image with an incremented TE allows calculations of quantitative T2 images without time penalty.ResultsOur approach is demonstrated via phantom and in vivo human brain imaging, with simultaneous 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 mm3 T2‐weighted and quantitative T2 maps acquired using a clinically feasible approach that combines three acquisition that require approximately 4‐min each to collect. Calculated T2 values agree with reference multiple TE measures with intraclass correlation values of 0.96 and 0.85 in phantom and in vivo measures, respectively, in line with previously reported brain T2 values at 150 mT, 1.5T, and 3T.ConclusionOur multi‐orientation and multi‐TE approach is a time‐efficient method for high‐resolution T2‐weighted images for anatomical visualization with simultaneous quantitative T2 imaging for increased sensitivity to tissue microstructure and chemical composition.
Continuous administration of mirabegron has advantages in inhibition of central sensitization compared with short‐term treatment cessation in a mouse model of overactive bladder
Authors: Kwon Joonbeom , Lee Eun‐Ju , Park Hye‐Ri , Cho Hyun‐Jung , Jang Ji‐Ae , Yang Hyoungoh , An Jihyun , Park Donghwi , Kim Yeon‐Joo , Hur Kyung‐Jae , Kim Jae‐Soo , Yoshimura Naoki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsThere is no clear pathophysiologic evidence determining how long overactive bladder (OAB) medication should be continued. We, therefore, investigated the effect of mirabegron using cessation (CES) or continuation (CON) treatment in an OAB animal model.MethodsFemale C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups (N = 8 each): Sham, OAB, CES, and CON groups. The OAB‐like condition was induced by three times weekly intravesical instillations of KCl mixture with hyaluronidase. After the last intravesical instillation for inducing OAB, mirabegron (2 mg/kg/day) was administered in CES and CON groups for 10 and 20 days, respectively. Final experiments were carried out on 20 days from the last intravesical instillation in all groups. After cystometry, mRNA levels of bladder muscarinic, β‐adrenergic, and P2X purinergic receptors were measured to investigate bladder efferent and afferent activity. In addition, mRNA levels of CCL2 and CCR2 in L6‐S1 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were measured to assess afferent sensitization. Immunofluorescent staining of CX3CR1, GFAP, and CCR2 in the L6 spinal cord was also conducted to investigate glial activation and central sensitization.ResultsOAB mice showed bladder overactivity evidenced by decreased intercontraction interval (3.56 ± 0.51 vs. 5.76 ± 0.95 min in sham mice), increased non‐voiding contractions (0.39 ± 0.11 vs. 0.13 ± 0.07/min in sham mice), and inefficient voiding (72.1 ± 8.6% vs. 87.1 ± 9.5% in sham mice). Increased M2, M3, β2, β3, P2X2, P2X3, P2X4, and P2X7 levels in the bladder and increased CCL2 and CCR2 in DRG indicate bladder efferent and afferent hyperexcitability. In addition, CX3CR1, GFAP, and CCR2 in the L6 spinal cord were upregulated in OAB mice. However, the CON group exhibited reduced β2, β3, P2X2, P2X3, P2X4, and P2X7 levels in the bladder, reduced CCL2 and CCR2 in DRG, which are markers of afferent hyperexcitability, and reduced immunoreactivities of CX3CR1, GFAP, and CCR2 in the L6 spinal cord, which are markers of the central sensitization. Moreover, the CON group showed better improvements in nonvoiding contractions (0.16 ± 0.09 vs. 0.44 ± 0.17/min) and voiding efficiency (93.9 ± 7.4% vs. 76.5 ± 13.1%) and reductions in bladder β3 receptors and CCL2 of L6‐S1 DRG, and immunoreactivities of CX3CR1 and GFAP in the L6 spinal cord compared to the CES group.ConclusionsContinuous mirabegron treatment seems to prevent central sensitization and, thus, might be desirable for long‐term disease control of OAB.
Feasibility of online behavioral clinical trials: The future of weight management randomized clinical trials?
Authors: Leahey Tricia M. , Pham Julie , Denmat Zeely , Jenkins Kyrstyn , Harris‐Starling Cheyenne , Gilder Carnisha , Gorin Amy A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveBehavioral weight management trials are traditionally conducted in‐person. The COVID‐19 shutdown halted in‐person operations, forcing investigators to develop new methods for remote treatment and assessment delivery without additional funding for website development or remote equipment. This study examined the feasibility and acceptability of remote procedures from an ongoing weight management trial impacted by COVID‐19.MethodsUsing a quasi‐experimental longitudinal design, in‐person (pre‐COVID) and remote (COVID) treatment and assessment procedures were used. Attendance at in‐person versus remote (videoconference) treatment sessions was compared. Acceptability of treatment modalities (in‐person vs. remote) was examined via self‐report. Validity and reliability were assessed on bathroom scales. Attendance at remote (videoconference + mailed, scales) versus in‐person assessment sessions was compared. Finally, exploratory analyses were conducted to determine whether participant characteristics moderated the effects.ResultsRemote treatment attendance was significantly better than in‐person. Overall, there was no significant difference in modality preference. However, Hispanic (vs. non‐Hispanic) individuals had greater preference for remote options and attended more remote treatment sessions. Bathroom scales demonstrated excellent validity and reliability. Adherence to remote and in‐person assessment sessions was similar.ConclusionsCOVID‐19 has provided an opportunity to rethink how we conduct research. Results herein establish an evidence‐base to support a paradigm shift to remote clinical trial procedures. Such a shift may enhance diversity in clinical trials.
Characterization of prickly pear short fiber and red onion peel biocarbon nanosheets toughened epoxy composites
Authors: Ramaswamy R. , Gurupranes S. V. , Kaliappan S. , Natrayan L. , Patil Pravin P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this research, the role of prickly pear short fiber and red onion peel wrinkled biocarbon nanosheets toughened epoxy resin composite was investigated. The main aim of this research was to find the effectiveness of adding biocarbon along with prickly pear fiber in the load‐bearing, thermal and electrical conductivity behavior of the epoxy resin composite. The biocarbon nanosheets were prepared for this present investigation from red onion peel waste using the pyrolysis process. The composites were characterized by American society of testing and materials (ASTM) standards and compared with previous results. The highest tensile strength and flexural strength were observed for 3 vol.% of biocarbon nanosheets up to 60% and 40% respectively than pure epoxy. Izod impact toughness and hardness values also increased with the inclusion of reinforcements by 5 vol.% around 93% and 90% correspondingly. Similarly, relative permittivity and dielectric loss enhanced about to 6.4 and 0.74 for 5 vol.% of biocarbon nanosheets. The thermal conductivity also improved with the addition of biocarbon nanosheets and maximum values up to 0.42 W/mK. This enhanced dielectric, mechanical, and thermally active composites might be employed as a microwave shielding material in electronic devices, automotive, and industrial applications for communications equipment that require shielding material with good mechanical properties.
Loneliness and sleep disturbance among first‐year college students: The sequential mediating effect of attachment anxiety and mobile social media dependence
Authors: Luo Xiao , Hu Chunnan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSleep issues impair students' health and success. This study constructed a sequential mediating model to examine whether attachment anxiety and mobile social media dependence mediated the relationship between loneliness and sleep disturbance. A total of 487 university freshmen (42.09% females, 57.91% males; mean age = 18.19 years) were enrolled in this study and completed self‐report measures of loneliness, sleep disturbance, attachment anxiety, and mobile social media dependence. (1) There were significant positive correlations between loneliness and sleep disturbance. (2) College students' sleep disturbance was affected by loneliness partly through three different pathways: the mediating effect of attachment anxiety, the mediating effect of mobile social media dependence, and the sequential mediating effect of attachment anxiety and mobile social media dependence. Loneliness could positively predict sleep disturbance and attachment anxiety and mobile social media dependence played important mediating roles in this relationship. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the factors for sleep disturbance.
A mixed‐method study examining solutions to common barriers to teachers' adoption of evidence‐based classroom practices
Authors: Merle James L. , Larson Madeline F. , Cook Clayton R. , Brewer Stephanie K. , Hamlin Corinne , Duong Mylien , McGinnis Jenna L. , Thayer Andrew J. , Gaias Larissa M. , Lyon Aaron R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe conducted a mixed‐method focus group study to (a) assess the appropriateness and likely effectiveness of strategies that target individual behavior change mechanisms associated with perceived barriers of lack of time and unsupportive leadership and (b) identify recommendations regarding strategies for overcoming the barriers. Sample included 39 school‐based staff (80% female, 77% White) across two districts in the Midwest. Mixed methods included a simultaneous approach. Lack of time and unsupportive leadership continue to pervade school‐based implementation efforts. Recommendations centered around the need for school leaders to give teachers the power to re‐prioritize how they spend their time as well as providing protected, facilitated time for teachers to collaborate and learn practical skills targeting self‐advocacy. Our findings provide compelling evidence for the use of implementation methodology to strategically target mechanisms of individual behavior change during the process of incorporating new and innovative practices in schools.
Nonthermal plasma‐generated ozone inhibits human coronavirus 229E infectivity on glass surface
Authors: Bhartiya Pradeep , Lim Jun S. , Kaushik Neha , Shaik Abdul M. , Shin Young O. , Kaushik Nagendra K. , Choi Eun H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOzone has been used for surface disinfection to contain bacterial, fungal, mold, and certain viral infections; however, the use of ozone generated from nonthermal plasma devices have not been thoroughly investigated for surface disinfection. Here, we aimed to determine the impact of nonthermal plasma‐generated ozone (PGO) on the coronavirus. Human coronavirus 229E was exposed to PGO and its infectivity was evaluated. PGO exposure of approximately 7 ppm reduced the viral titer after 4 h. Our results indicate that PGO exposure not only reduces the expression of the viral nucleocapsid gene and spike glycoprotein levels but may also stimulate the expression of the antiviral response gene in host cells. These findings can thus be useful to support existing surface disinfection methods.
Assessment of planning target volume margins in 1.5 T magnetic resonance‐guided stereotactic body radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer
Authors: Yang Bin , Yuan Jing , Poon Darren M.C. , Geng Hui , Lam Wai Wang , Cheung Kin Yin , Yu Siu Ki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to determine the planning target volume margins applicable to magnetic resonance‐guided stereotactic body radiation therapy (MRgSBRT) of localized prostate cancer on a 1.5 T MR‐Linac.MethodsA total of 10 patients with low‐ to intermediate‐risk prostate cancer were retrospectively enrolled. All patients received five‐fraction MRgSBRT treatments, and underwent daily endorectal ballooning and bladder control. Five patients were implanted with the hydrogel rectal spacer. Three MR scans at each fraction were acquired to evaluate the intrafractional prostate motion. The required planning target volume margin was determined using the van Herk margin recipe based on direct MR‐MR prostate registration. The set‐up margin for localization using bony anatomy was also estimated.ResultsThe mean and standard deviation of translational displacement in left‐right (LR), superior‐inferior (SI), and anterior‐posterior (AP) directions were –0.3 ± 0.7, 2.0 ± 1.5, and 1.4 ± 1.1 mm, respectively. Planning target volume margins over the MRgSBRT fraction duration were 2.8 (LR), 5.3 (SI), and 3.9 mm (AP). Set‐up margins were estimated to 2.6 (LR), 3.3 (SI), and 3.3 mm (AP). Prostate motion increased considerably with treatment duration. Adapt‐to‐position had smaller intrafractional motions than adapt‐to‐shape. The rectal spacer insignificantly (p > 0.1) reduced the prostate motion in SI and AP.ConclusionOnline workflow efficiency enhancement and intrafractional motion monitoring are vital for planning target volume margin reduction and precision enhancement in MRgSBRT.