bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multi-component Intervention (NEXpro) Reduces Neck Pain-Related Work Productivity Loss: A Randomized Controlled Trial Among Swiss Office Workers
Authors: Aegerter Andrea Martina , Deforth Manja , Volken Thomas , Johnston Venerina , Luomajoki Hannu , Dressel Holger , Dratva Julia , Ernst Markus Josef , Distler Oliver , Brunner Beatrice , Sjøgaard Gisela , Melloh Markus , Elfering Achim ,   the NEXpro Collaboration Group, Aegerter Andrea Martina , Deforth Manja , Volken Thomas , Johnston Venerina , Luomajoki Hannu , Dressel Holger , Dratva Julia , Ernst Markus Josef , Distler Oliver , Brunner Beatrice , Sjøgaard Gisela , Melloh Markus , Elfering Achim 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurpose Neck pain is common among office workers and leads to work productivity loss. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a multi-component intervention on neck pain-related work productivity loss among Swiss office workers. Methods Office workers, aged 18–65 years, and without serious neck-related health problems were recruited from two organisations for our stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial. The 12-week multi-component intervention included neck exercises, health-promotion information, and workplace ergonomics. The primary outcome of neck pain-related work productivity loss was measured using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire and expressed as percentages of working time. In addition, we reported the weekly monetary value of neck pain-related work productivity loss. Data was analysed on an intention-to-treat basis using a generalized linear mixed-effects model. Results Data from 120 participants were analysed with 517 observations. At baseline, the mean age was 43.7 years (SD 9.8 years), 71.7% of participants were female (N = 86), about 80% (N = 95) reported mild to moderate neck pain, and neck pain-related work productivity loss was 12% of working time (absenteeism: 1.2%, presenteeism: 10.8%). We found an effect of our multi-component intervention on neck pain-related work productivity loss, with a marginal predicted mean reduction of 2.8 percentage points (b = −0.27; 95% CI: −0.54 to −0.001, p = 0.049). Weekly saved costs were Swiss Francs 27.40 per participant. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence for the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention to reduce neck pain-related work productivity loss with implications for employers, employees, and policy makers.Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04169646. Registered 15 November 2019—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04169646.
Hold-up induced by demand for fairness: theory and experimental evidence
Authors: KC Raghabendra Pratap , Lauga Dominique Olié , Mak Vincent 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResearch in recent years suggests that fairness concerns could mitigate hold-up problems. In this study, we report theoretical analysis and experimental evidence on an opposite possibility: that fairness concerns could also induce hold-up problems. In our setup, hold-up problems will not occur with purely self-interested agents, but theoretically could be induced by demand for distributional fairness among agents without sufficiently strong counteracting factors such as intention-based reciprocity. We observe a widespread occurrence of hold-up in our experiment. Relationship-specific investments occurred less than half of the time, resulting in significant inefficiencies. Moreover, whenever a relationship-specific investment was made: (a) it was typically not reciprocated by the partner; (b) nor did the investor’s offers at the bargaining stage exhibit expectations for reciprocity. Consequently, the partner extracted all the additional expected payoff from relationship-specific investments. Further experimentation suggested that our results were driven by a fundamental lack of intention-based reciprocity in fairness concerns, rather than self-serving bias.
The Impact of the Presence of Aromatic Rings in the Substituent on the Performance of C60/C70 Fullerene-Based Acceptor Materials in Photovoltaic Cells
Authors: Mech Wojciech , Piotrowski Piotr , Zarębska Kamila , Korona Krzysztof P. , Kaminska Maria , Skompska Magdalena , Kaim Andrzej 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, a series of C60/C70 fullerene derivatives bearing non-aromatic and mono-, bi-, tri- and tetracyclic aryl-substituents was synthesized according to the modified Bingel method and characterized using spectral methods: ESI-MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV–Vis, FT-IR and cyclic voltammetry (CV). HOMO and LUMO energy levels and the band gaps for optimized structures of reported fullerene derivatives were determined according to the DFT functionals, B3LYP 6-31G(d) and PBE/6-311G(d,p). Results obtained from CV and UV–Vis measurements, which showed very good agreement, were compared to calculated theoretical values also revealing satisfactory level of compliance of the obtained results. We have studied the impact of presence and number of aromatic rings in malonate substituent of C60/C70 fullerene derivatives employed as acceptor materials on performance of BHJ solar cells prepared using PTB7-Th as donor material. We successfully prepared solar cells based on all the synthesized compounds, and the highest performance of the obtained photovoltaic devices was observed for fullerene derivatives bearing monocyclic and bicyclic aromatic moieties. The obtained voltage was about 0.8 V and current density was above 10 mA/cm2. Optical studies showed absorption edges at 1.9 eV and 1.8 eV for C60 and C70 derivatives, respectively, with absorption coefficients comparable to C60/C70 PCBM samples. Photocurrent spectroscopy showed 20–40% quantum efficiency. Long-term ageing measurements showed T80 time between 105 days and 115 days for derivatives with phenyl and naphthalene substituents. Taking into account that synthesis of reported fullerene derivatives is very convenient, the reported compounds are very promising materials for construction of BHJ solar cells.
Assessment of the potential effects of plants with their secreted biochemicals on the biodeterioration of archaeological stones
Authors: Elgohary Yomna M. , Mansour Maisa M. A. , Salem Mohamed Z. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Archaeological sites and structures suffer from several factors of deterioration. The present survey focuses on the biodeterioration by plants, which is not less important than the rest of the deterioration factors; moreover, in many cases, it leads to their occurrence. Despite the importance of plants in our lives and their aesthetic appearance around stone monuments, they pose a threat to their survival. Therefore, it is necessary to have such a review to detail this topic and understand its severity by identifying the most common and harmful plant species, the co-factors for their existence, and the mechanism of damage. Physical damage through causing cracks, detachment, and loss of structural integrity and chemical damage from root secretions-biological damage by encouraging microorganisms and insects supported by examples of sites that have been damaged by plants. The results will help to apply appropriate methods of prevention and control by mentioning the advantages and disadvantages of each method.
Influence of pellet length, content of fines, and moisture content on emission behavior of wood pellets in a residential pellet stove and pellet boiler
Authors: Mack Robert , Schön Claudia , Kuptz Daniel , Hartmann Hans , Brunner Thomas , Obernberger Ingwald , Behr Hans Martin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn Germany, wood pellets must fulfill high quality standards to be utilized in small-scale furnaces. According to current legislation, i.e., the 1st BImSchV, only ENplus A1–certified pellets may be used. Despite these strict requirements, physical fuel parameters can vary within the permissible range and variation usually increases due to fuel transport and storage. Fluctuations in physical fuel parameters may have a strong influence on combustion, especially in pellet stoves with a low degree of automation regarding fuel control and air supply. During this study, pellet length, moisture content, and the content of fines of spruce wood pellets were varied artificially at three levels for each parameter. All pellets were analyzed according to international standards for solid biofuels. Fuels were combusted in a 6 kW pellet stove and selected assortments in a 15 kW pellet boiler. For the pellet stove, pellet length had a significant influence on gaseous but not on total particulate matter (TPM) emissions. Both, rather short (10.3 mm) and long (17 mm) pellets caused an increase in emissions. In contrast, for the boiler, no significant effect of pellet length on gaseous and TPM emissions was observed. A low moisture content (3 w-%) led to increased CO, organic gaseous carbon (OGC), and TPM emissions in the pellet stove. This could be especially relevant for furnaces with very simple or no heat output control as it is common in most pellet stoves. High content of fines (3 to 10 w-%) led to a significant increase in gaseous emissions (CO up to fivefold, OGC up to tenfold) and TPM emissions (up to 1.4-fold) in the pellet stove most likely due to elevated particle entrainment. Overall, the state-of-the-art pellet stove showed larger sensitivity towards variable pellet qualities compared to the automatically stoked pellet boiler; thus, improvements in fuel design and stove technology are recommended. Overall, this study has provided important insights into the influence of pellet length, fines content, and moisture content on emissions from pellet stoves and pellet boilers, which can help drive future technical development in the areas of fuel flexibility and emission reduction.
Proactive learner empowerment: towards a transformative academic integrity approach for English language learners
Authors: Khoo Elaine , Kang Sohee 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSocializing students to Academic Integrity (AI) in the face of great cultural, linguistic and socioeconomic diversity in the student population in higher education calls for innovative strategies that are aligned with equity, diversity and inclusion principles. Through a mixed method of quantitative analysis of learner engagement data from the Learning Management System (LMS) and analysis of anonymous evaluation survey, along with thematic analysis of students’ open-ended responses in the evaluation survey, the authors explored how students responded to AI Socialization during a 4-week non-credit, online co-curricular program called ‘Reading and Writing Excellence’ (RWE). Nine groups of undergraduate students (N=182) from 34 disciplines in different global locations during the COVID-19 pandemic were introduced to a curated set of AI online resources. Through a learner-driven, instructor-facilitated approach the AI Socialization also engaged students in language development and empowered them to communicate about their disciplinary course topics through written journal entries, receiving instructor feedback that increased their cultural and linguistic capital for further academic writing. This approach led to a high volume of written output (on average 6064 words per student written over a 4-week period). Nonparametric ANOVA was used to establish that low-proficiency students were able to produce as much written output as their more proficient peers. Survey results for various aspects important to academic integrity show students’ self-perception of readiness for academic writing: paraphrasing and summarizing (92%); organization of ideas (92%); critical thinking (93%); logic/argument (92%). Insights gained about educative engagement, language development and learner empowerment that can help students from diverse backgrounds to avoid Academic Integrity Violations (AIVs) and gain transformative access and success in higher education are incorporated into a set of recommendations that are applicable to a wide range of teaching contexts.
Le raisonnement par analogie considéré comme un schéma d'inférence
Authors: Walliser Bernard , Zwirn Denis , Zwirn Hervé 
Published: September 2022

RésuméMalgré son importance dans divers domaines, le raisonnement par analogie n'a pas encore reçu de représentation formelle unifiée. Notre contribution suggère un schéma d'inférence général compatible avec différentes logiques. Premièrement, une assertion analogique définit la similarité entre deux objets en fonction de leurs propriétés, de façon seulement relative. Deuxièmement, une inférence analogique transfère une propriété nouvelle d'un objet à un objet similaire, grâce à une méta-hypothèse d'arrière-plan qui relie deux ensembles de propriétés. Le degré de croyance dans la conclusion est directement relié au degré de croyance dans cette méta-hypothèse.
A History of Andesite Production via Magma Mixing and Mingling Revealed Microscopically at Ngauruhoe Volcano
Authors: Cocker Kate , Shane Phil , Cronin Shane , Stirling Claudine , Reid Malcolm 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMany andesites erupted at arc volcanoes are the products of magma mixing, and this process could be important in triggering their eruption. Throughout the life of Ngauruhoe volcano (∼2.5 ka), erupted andesites lack macroscopic enclaves or lithological features of mingled magma. However, intricate microscopic features of magma mixing and mingling occur. Plagioclase phenocrysts have a wide range of textures. Their diverse 87Sr/86Sr values (0.7039–0.7060) are mostly discordant with the groundmass (∼80%), and many phenocrysts (>40%) are isotopically zoned. Resorbed calcic cores overgrown by sodic rims are common, and record a gradient of increasing 87Sr/86Sr, the result of progressive mixing with a radiogenic melt. Clinopyroxenes and orthopyroxenes have relict cores that nucleated in silicic melts (∼Mg# 30–40), and their rims record cycles of growth in mafic melts (∼Mg# 50–60). Olivine‐bearing, mafic glassy blebs (mostly <500 μm) that occur in the groundmass are the relicts of the intruding magma that disintegrated during the mixing/mingling process, and liberated crystals. Thus, some andesites that lack banding or enclaves are in fact the product of thorough mixing of contrasting magmas. This may require a regime of frequent intrusion leading to hybridization with the stagnant resident magma. Thus, frequent eruptions during Ngauruhoe's historic episode ending in 1975 CE are likely to have been a manifestation of frequent replenishment. A mixing origin for intermediate rocks at volcanic arcs is likely to be more prevalent than previously documented: further evidence for the rarity of andesite liquids in such settings.
Tropospheric Expansion Under Global Warming Reduces Tropical Lower Stratospheric Ozone
Authors: Match Aaron , Gerber Edwin P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn response to global warming, ozone is predicted to increase aloft due to stratospheric cooling but decrease in the tropical lower stratosphere. The ozone reductions have been primarily attributed to a strengthening Brewer‐Dobson circulation, which upwells ozone‐poor air. Yet, this paper finds that strengthening upwelling only explains part of the reduction. The reduction is also driven by tropospheric expansion under global warming, which erodes the ozone layer from below, the low ozone anomalies from which are advected upwards. Strengthening upwelling and tropospheric expansion are correlated under global warming, making it challenging to disentangle their relative contributions. Therefore, chemistry‐climate model output is used to validate an idealized model of ozone photochemistry and transport with a tropopause lower boundary condition. In our idealized decomposition, strengthening upwelling and tropospheric expansion both contribute at leading order to reducing tropical ozone. Tropospheric expansion drives bottom‐heavy reductions in ozone, which decay in magnitude into the mid‐stratosphere.
Restricting movements of lower face leaves recognition of emotional vocalizations intact but introduces a valence positivity bias
Authors: Wołoszyn Kinga , Hohol Mateusz , Kuniecki Michał , Winkielman Piotr 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBlocking facial mimicry can disrupt recognition of emotion stimuli. Many previous studies have focused on facial expressions, and it remains unclear whether this generalises to other types of emotional expressions. Furthermore, by emphasizing categorical recognition judgments, previous studies neglected the role of mimicry in other processing stages, including dimensional (valence and arousal) evaluations. In the study presented herein, we addressed both issues by asking participants to listen to brief non-verbal vocalizations of four emotion categories (anger, disgust, fear, happiness) and neutral sounds under two conditions. One of the conditions included blocking facial mimicry by creating constant tension on the lower face muscles, in the other condition facial muscles remained relaxed. After each stimulus presentation, participants evaluated sounds’ category, valence, and arousal. Although the blocking manipulation did not influence emotion recognition, it led to higher valence ratings in a non-category-specific manner, including neutral sounds. Our findings suggest that somatosensory and motor feedback play a role in the evaluation of affect vocalizations, perhaps introducing a directional bias. This distinction between stimulus recognition, stimulus categorization, and stimulus evaluation is important for understanding what cognitive and emotional processing stages involve somatosensory and motor processes.
A computational comparison of radiofrequency and pulsed field ablation in terms of lesion morphology in the cardiac chamber
Authors: Gómez-Barea Mario , García-Sánchez Tomás , Ivorra Antoni 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPulsed Field Ablation (PFA) has been developed over the last years as a novel electrical ablation technique for treating cardiac arrhythmias. It is based on irreversible electroporation which is a non-thermal phenomenon innocuous to the extracellular matrix and, because of that, PFA is considered to be safer than the reference technique, Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA). However, possible differences in lesion morphology between both techniques have been poorly studied. Simulations including electric, thermal and fluid physics were performed in a simplified model of the cardiac chamber which, in essence, consisted of a slab of myocardium with blood in motion on the top. Monopolar and bipolar catheter configurations were studied. Different blood velocities and catheter orientations were assayed. RFA was simulated assuming a conventional temperature-controlled approach. The PFA treatment was assumed to consist in a sequence of 20 biphasic bursts (100 µs duration). Simulations indicate that, for equivalent lesion depths, PFA lesions are wider, larger and more symmetrical than RFA lesions for both catheter configurations. RFA lesions display a great dependence on blood velocity while PFA lesions dependence is negligible on it. For the monopolar configuration, catheter angle with respect to the cardiac surface impacted both ablation techniques but in opposite sense. The orientation of the catheter with respect to blood flow direction only affected RFA lesions. In this study, substantial morphological differences between RFA and PFA lesions were predicted numerically. Negligible dependence of PFA on blood flow velocity and direction is a potential important advantage of this technique over RFA.
Social contacts and loneliness affect the own age bias for emotional faces
Authors: Pizzio Adriana Patrizia Gonzalez , Yankouskaya Alla , Alessandri Guido , Loreto Sancho , Pecchinenda Anna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIndividuals are better at recognizing faces of their own age group (Own Age Bias) but it is unclear whether this bias occurs also for emotional faces and to what extent is affected by loneliness. Young individuals (N = 235) completed an age categorization task on faces of young and old individuals showing neutral, happy, and angry expressions. After a filler task, they categorized as seen or novel the original set of faces intermixed with a new set. Findings showed an Own Age Bias for novel young faces but no evidence that emotion eliminates it. Recognition accuracy was better for emotional faces, but the two factors did not interact. Importantly, low loneliness was linked to an Own Age Bias for novel happy faces. These findings are discussed in the context of current theoretical accounts of the Own Age Bias and of the effects of loneliness on attention and memory.
Microwave induced thermally assisted solvent-based bonding of biodegradable thermoplastics: an eco-friendly rapid approach for fabrication of microfluidic devices and analyte detection
Authors: Hasan Md Sadique , Borhani Shayan , Ramamurthy Sai Sathish , Andar Abhay , Ge Xudong , Choa Fow-Sen , Kostov Yordan , Rao Govind 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere is an increasing interest in low-cost, facile and versatile thermoplastic bonding for microfluidic applications that can be easily transitioned from laboratory prototyping to industrial manufacturing. In addition, owing to the surge in the usage of thermoplastic microfluidics and its adverse effect on the environment, it is prudent to source alternative materials that are biodegradable, providing a sustainable, green approach. To address the problems, here we introduce an environment friendly, low-cost and safe welding technology used in the fabrication of microcassettes from biodegradable cellulose acetate (CA) thermoplastics. The thermally assisted solvent based bonding of the thermoplastics was accomplished in a domestic microwave oven with the aid of a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) vise. To characterize the quality of the bonding, our in-house technique was compared with a conventional thermally assisted solvent bonding configuration using a heat press machine and tested under different conditions. Our microwave induced bonding of CA presents three times reduced bonding time with higher bonding strength, good reliability and does not necessitate the use of cumbersome instrumentation. Finally, we demonstrate an electrophoresis application and vitamin C detection accomplished using this biodegradable microcassette presenting comparable results with traditional techniques, illustrating the potential of this fabrication technique in different microfluidic applications.