bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteopetrosis a Significant Bone Disease: A Case Study
Authors: Gajbhiye Sumit Vinod , Tivaskar Suhas , Luharia Anurag , Christian Ravi 
Published: February 2022

Background: Osteopetrosis is a genetic condition that affects just a few people. illness characterised by osteosclerosis, Due to inadequate osteoclast resorption, there is destruction of the medullary canal, calcified cartilage, and hard bone. Patients with osteopetrosis are more likely to develop osteoarthritis. Only a few studies have documented a patient who underwent both a complete Arthroplasty of the hip and knee (TKA). In this article, a patient with osteopetrosis describes a case of left and right hip osteoarthritis.
Clinical Findings: Walking problems, Calcium deficiency, the optic nerve in the brain is under pressure. Hearing loss, as well as distress, can lead to neurological issues.
Diagnostic Evaluation: CBC Investigation, blood test, Hb-12.9%, Total RBC count-4.84million/cumm, RDW-13.2%, HCT-36.7%, Total WBC Count-26200 cu mm, Monocytes- 01%, Granulocytes- 30%, Lymphocytes- 65%, Total platelet count-3.5 Lacs/cu mm, ALT(SGPT)-17 U/L, AST (SGOT)-44 U/L.
Peripheral Smear: RBCs-Normocytic Normochromic Platelets-Adequate on smear, No Hemiparasite seen, WBCs-Neutrophilic leucocytosis.
Therapeutic Intervention: Calcium 1200mg, D3 8000IU, vitamin D supplements calcitriol 0.25mcg/ml, hormone replacement therapy, Bone marrow transplantation (BMT), Alendronate70mg, (Fosamax), Risedronate35mg OD (Actonel), Inj Boniva 3mg OD, Inj Zoledronic acid 4mg BD (Recast), various medications, and/or surgery.
Outcome: After therapy, the child's behaviour improves. Osteoporosis is a condition in which excessive bone resorption causes decreased bone mass and skeletal fragility, with the most serious clinical consequence being increased fracture risk.
Conclusion: The patient was hospitalised to AVBRH with a known case of Osteopetrosis illness and complained of difficulties awakening, discomfort, and neurological issues. After receiving appropriate therapy and surgery, his condition improved. According to this case study, in patients with osteopetrosis, total joint arthroplasty is an effective therapy for painful hip and knee osteoarthritis.
Knowledge Awareness and Perception on Comorbidities of Obesity among Dental Students: A Survey
Authors: Sreshtaa V. Sri , Gayathri R. , Priya V. Vishnu 
Published: February 2022

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the awareness of kap on comorbidities of obesity among dental students.
Introducion: Obesity is characterized by an excess of adipose tissue. The increase of food intake (hyperphagia) triggered by a period of fasting is a simple but compelling example of food-intake regulation. The balance between energy intake (food consumption) and energy expenditure (basal metabolic rate, i.e. biochemical processes required to maintain cellular viability, physical activity and adaptive thermogenesis) is tightly regulated.
Materials and Methods: An online survey was conducted and circulated among dental students, which included a questionnaire assessing the awareness levels of the comorbidities related to obesity.
Results and Discussion: The results obtained showed that 75.8% of the people are aware that obesity can lead to sleep apnea, 80.5% of the people are aware that obesity can lead to gastrointestinal disturbances and diabetes.
Conclusion: The discussion makes an attempt to trace the basic modern day concepts of obesity and its effect on health.
Effect of Restorative Crown of Different Cuspal Inclination and Occlusal Contact on Stress Distribution in Mandibular Second Premolar with Different Ferrule Configuration and Peripheral Bone- 3D Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Mulani Shahinwaz , Dubey-Godbole Surekha , Shaikh Shoeb , Shaikh Safia , Shinde Dipak 
Published: February 2022

Background: Restoration of pulpless teeth have been difficult because of coronal loss from dental caries, diminished moisture content, endodontic therapy and fractures, resulting in prone to fracture of the tooth during function. Cast metallic band enclosing around cervical surface of a tooth is called ferrule. The role of ferrule is to assist in strengthening the endodontically treated tooth.
Purpose: In case of ferrule less tooth, the post performs as a wedge and may result in root fracture. Therefore modification in design of ferrule is required. Presence or absence of ferrule of coronal dentin influenced stress distribution pattern within tooth structure. Failure or success of a restoration may be influenced by on how the stress is dispersed to the tooth structure so it is essential to study the stress dispersal pattern within tooth and associated structure.
Materials and Methods: A three-dimensional FE method (FEM) will be carried out for study and finite element structural analysis programs will be HYPERMESH 11 and ANSYS 18.1 software. Eight 3D models will be created to simulate endodontically restored mandibular second premolar with different coronal dentin configurations. The complete crown will be modeled with a 20-degree, 33- degree, 45-degree facial cusp inclination. The oblique force of 200 N will be executed to the buccal cusp of mandibular second premolar. Analysis of results will be done by both color-coding and numerically. By using FEA software the von Mises equivalent stress (MPa) will be calculated.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Associated Factors among Caregivers of Patients with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Innab Adnan , Bahari Ghareeb 
Published: February 2022

Background: One of psychological disorders caused by catastrophic life events or severe medical problems is the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder among people. Different sociodemographic factors have been associated with the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Such research is lacking with COVID-19 especially in the Saudi context.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with PTSD during the outbreak of COVID-19.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of 92 Saudi citizens, living in Saudi Arabia, and had at least one relative who had been diagnosed with COVID-19. Data were collected using the impact of event scale (IES-R). SPSS was used to run a multiple linear regression analysis.
Results: The results revealed that participants suffered from a partial PTSD. The regression analysis showed a significant relationship between participants’ characteristics and PTSD. The model explained 13.9% of the variance of PTSD (F [5, 77] = 2.49, R2 =.139, p< .05). Two predictors of gender (p<.01) and level of education (p<.05) were statistically significant to the prediction. Male participants had higher PTSD scores than female participants (beta = -9.19, t = -2.73, p< .01). Also, those caregivers with low level of education had higher PTSD levels (beta = 3.279, t = 2.30, p <.05).
Conclusion: The current study demonstrated a strong association between participants’ demographic characteristics (namely gender and level of education) and PTSD. A lack of information and the evolution of the COVID-19 outbreak may be important factors in increasing people’s levels of PTSD. Therefore, future research aiming to find appropriate solutions to such issues is recommended.
Mucormycosis of Maxillofacial Region Secondary to COVID-19 Infection and It’s Management: A Review
Authors: Tanushri Dalvi , Kalghatgi Shrivardhan , Yadav Asawari , Narale Pranjali , Sakpal Prachi 
Published: February 2022

Mucormycosis mainly affects people who have health problems or take medicines that lower the body’s ability to fight germs and sickness. It most commonly affects the sinuses or the lungs after inhaling fungal spores from the air. It can also occur on the skin after a cut, burn, or other type of skin injury. The most common types that cause mucormycosis are Rhizopus species and Mucor species. Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection with high morbidity and mortality but nowadays it is observed in many covid -19 patients therefore it is identified as a complication after covid-19. It is most commonly seen in patients with systemic illness such as Diabetes Mellitus, Neutropenia, corticosteroid use, Organ transplantation, advanced age and also seen in patients who have stayed prolonged in ICU. This review article includes etiology, risk factors, site specificity, oral manifestations of Mucormycosis, diagnosis based on oral and maxillofacial symptoms and also management of the complications.
Molecular Identification and First DNA Barcode Sequence Record of Spodoptera pecten Guenee, 1852 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Western Himalaya, India
Authors: Kumar V. M. Sathish , Sharma Gaurav , Paunikar Sanjay D. , Sharma Shivani 
Published: February 2022

Genus Spodoptera of family Noctuidae, order Lepidoptera comes under Superfamily Noctuidea. This superfamily comprises a large clade of economically important agricultural species known as “pest clade” causing a serious infestation in crops. The species of the Spodoptera genus found in Indo-Australian tropics and New Guinea mostly feeds on grasses and sometimes on Shorea curtisii (Dipterocarpaceae) seeds. The current study presents the molecular-based identification and first DNA barcode sequence of Spodoptera pecten. The first DNA barcode sequence of Spodoptera pecten from India has shown matching similarity with the COI sequences previously deposited from Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, and Japan.
Nintedanib overcomes drug resistance from upregulation of FGFR signalling and imatinib‐induced KIT mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumours
Authors: Liu Juan , Gao Jingjing , Wang Aoli , Jiang Zongru , Qi Shuang , Qi Ziping , Liu Feiyang , Yu Kailin , Cao Jiangyan , Chen Cheng , Hu Chen , Wu Hong , Wang Li , Wang Wenchao , Liu Qingsong , Liu Jing 
Published: February 2022

Drug resistance remains a major challenge in the clinical treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs). While acquired on‐target mutations of mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (KIT) kinase is the major resistance mechanism, activation of alternative signalling pathways may also play a role. Although several second‐ and third‐generation KIT kinase inhibitors have been developed that could overcome some of the KIT mutations conferring resistance, the low clinical responses and narrow safety window have limited their broad application. The present study revealed that nintedanib not only overcame resistance induced by a panel of KIT primary and secondary mutations, but also overcame ERK‐reactivation‐mediated resistance caused by the upregulation of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) activity. In preclinical models of GISTs, nintedanib significantly inhibited the proliferation of imatinib‐resistant cells, including GIST‐5R, GIST‐T1/T670I and GIST patient‐derived primary cells. In addition, it also exhibited dose‐dependent inhibition of ERK phosphorylation upon FGF ligand stimulation. In vivo antitumour activity was also observed in several xenograft GIST models. Considering the well‐documented safety and pharmacokinetic profiles of nintedanib, this finding provides evidence for the repurposing of nintedanib as a new therapy for the treatment of GIST patients with de novo or acquired resistance to imatinib.
Assessment of a novel commercial large field of view phantom for comprehensive MR imaging quality assurance of a 0.35T MRgRT system
Authors: Lewis Benjamin C. , Shin Jaeik , Maraghechi Borna , Quinn Benjamin , Cole Mike , Barberi Enzo , Kim Jin Sung , Green Olga , Kim Taeho 
Published: February 2022

AbstractConsistent quality assurance (QA) programs are vital to MR‐guided radiotherapy (MRgRT), for ensuring treatment is delivered accurately and the onboard MRI system is providing the expected image quality. However, daily imaging QA with a dedicated phantom is not common at many MRgRT centers, especially with large phantoms that cover a field of view (FOV), similar to the human torso. This work presents the first clinical experience with a purpose‐built phantom for large FOV daily and periodic comprehensive quality assurance (QUASAR™ MRgRT Insight Phantom (beta)) from Modus Medical Devices Inc. (Modus QA) on an MRgRT system. A monthly American College of Radiology (ACR) QA phantom was also imaged for reference. Both phantoms were imaged on a 0.35T MR‐Linac, a 1.5T Philips wide bore MRI, and a 3.0T Siemens MRI, with T1‐weighted and T2‐weighted acquisitions. The Insight phantom was imaged in axial and sagittal orientations. Image quality tests including geometric accuracy, spatial resolution accuracy, slice thickness accuracy, slice position accuracy, and image intensity uniformity were performed on each phantom, following their respective instruction manuals. The geometric distortion test showed similar distortions of –1.7 mm and –1.9 mm across a 190 mm and a 283 mm lengths for the ACR and MRgRT Insight phantoms, respectively. The MRgRT Insight phantom utilized a modulation transform function (MTF) for spatial resolution evaluation, which showed decreased performance on the lower B0 strength MRIs, as expected, and could provide a good daily indicator of machine performance. Both the Insight and ACR phantoms showed a match with scan parameters for slice thickness analysis. During the imaging and analysis of this novel MRgRT Insight phantom the authors found setup to be straightforward allowing for easy acquisition each day, and useful image analysis parameters for tracking MRI performance.
Distributed H∞ fuzzy filtering for nonlinear systems interconnected over graphs
Authors: Xue Xiaojuan , Xu Li , Yu Xiaoling 
Published: February 2022

SummaryThis article investigates the distributed fuzzy filtering problem for a class of Takagi–Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy model‐based nonlinear systems interconnected over an undirected graph. The system we consider consists of numbers of heterogeneous nonlinear sub‐units interconnected over an undirected graph by sensing, computing, and communicating with each other. First, the system is represented by an undirected graph, a T‐S fuzzy model‐based state‐space equation of each subsystem and an interconnection condition. Based on this model, the concepts of the well‐posedness, stability, and contractiveness for the class of systems are introduced, and the distributed fuzzy filtering problem is established. By applying membership‐dependent multi‐Lyapunov functions, a sufficient condition on the well‐posedness, stability, and contractiveness of the open‐loop plant is then derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). And then, a distributed fuzzy filter inheriting the interconnected structure of the plant is designed such that the filtering error system is contractive, and a sufficient condition is correspondingly given to obtain the desired fuzzy filter parameters by solving a set of LMIs. Finally, a numerical simulation is exploited to show the validity of the proposed design method.
Neuropilin‐1‐Mediated SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection in Bone Marrow‐Derived Macrophages Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation
Authors: Gao Junjie , Mei Hong , Sun Jing , Li Hao , Huang Yuege , Tang Yanhong , Duan Linwei , Liu Delin , Pang Yidan , Wang Qiyang , Gao Youshui , Song Ke , Zhao Jincun , Zhang Changqing , Liu Jia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn humans, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection can cause medical complications across various tissues and organs. Despite the advances to understanding the pathogenesis of SARS‐CoV‐2, its tissue tropism and interactions with host cells have not been fully understood. Existing clinical data have revealed disordered calcium and phosphorus metabolism in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients, suggesting possible infection or damage in the human skeleton system by SARS‐CoV‐2. Herein, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in mouse models with wild‐type and beta strain (B.1.351) viruses is investigated, and it is found that bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMMs) can be efficiently infected in vivo. Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐Seq) analyses of infected BMMs identify distinct clusters of susceptible macrophages, including those related to osteoblast differentiation. Interestingly, SARS‐CoV‐2 entry on BMMs is dependent on the expression of neuropilin‐1 (NRP1) rather than the widely recognized receptor angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The loss of NRP1 expression during BMM‐to‐osteoclast differentiation or NRP1 neutralization and knockdown can significantly inhibit SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in BMMs. Importantly, it is found that authentic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection impedes BMM‐to‐osteoclast differentiation. Collectively, this study provides evidence for NRP1‐mediated SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in BMMs and establishes a potential link between disturbed osteoclast differentiation and disordered skeleton metabolism in COVID‐19 patients.
Nanoparticle‐Stabilized Emulsion Bioink for Digital Light Processing Based 3D Bioprinting of Porous Tissue Constructs
Authors: Tao Jie , Zhu Shunyao , Zhou Nazi , Wang Yu , Wan Haoyuan , Zhang Lin , Tang Yaping , Pan Yingzi , Yang Yang , Zhang Jianxiang , Liu Rui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA challenge for bioprinting tissue constructs is enabling the viability and functionality of encapsulated cells. Rationally designed bioink that can create appropriate biophysical cues shows great promise for overcoming such challenges. Here, a nanoparticle‐stabilized emulsion bioink for direct fabrication of porous tissue constructs by digital light processing based 3D bioprinting technology is introduced. The emulsion bioink is integrated by the mixture of aqueous dextran microdroplets and gelatin methacryloyl solution and is further rendered stable by β‐lactoglobulin nanoparticles. After bioprinting, the printed tissue constructs create the macroporous structure via removal of dextran, thereby providing favorable biophysical cues to promote the viability, proliferation, and spreading of the encapsulated cells. Moreover, a trachea‐shaped construct containing chondrocytes is bioprinted and implanted in vivo. The results demonstrate that the generated macroporous construct is of benefit to cartilage tissue rebuilding. This work offers an advanced bioink for the fabrication of living tissue constructs by activating the cell behaviors and functions in situ and can lead to the development of 3D bioprinting.
Engineering of Band Structure of Bismuth Selenide Ultrathin Nanosheets as Multifunctional Material for Photocatalytic Application
Authors: Wang Yuan , Shuai Xiaofeng , Zhang Juan , Zhao Ruihua , Guo Tianyu , Du Jianping , Zheng Jianfeng , Li Jinping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractN‐substituted bismuth selenide (BSN) material is synthesized by a one‐step solvothermal route and used for the photocatalytic application. As‐prepared BSN consists of ultrathin nanosheets and has a quasi hexagonal morphology. The results show the superior performance of BSN‐2 for degradation of multi‐pollutants and the ciprofloxacin and phenol removal rates reach 88.8 and 83.6%, respectively, under irradiation of simulated solar for 2 h, which is much higher than those over pristine bismuth selenide. The significant improvement of photocatalytic performance is attributed to ultrathin nanosheets structure and N introduction that contribute to the inhibition of photoelectron‐hole pair recombination and the enhancement of light absorption. The possible mechanism is proposed based on characterization and theoretical calculation of the energy band structure. The results indicate that BSN‐2 is a high‐efficient photocatalyst for the removal of multi‐organic pollutants in wastewater and this research provides a simple strategy for reasonable design and synthesis of Bi‐based materials for environmental remediation.
Polarization‐ and Angle‐Dependent Plasmonic Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy to Probe Molecular Vibrational Couplings on an Aluminum Nano‐Film
Authors: Zhao Yan , Cao Shuo‐Hui , Wang Jia‐Dai , Li Na , Lin Guo‐Chun , Li Yao‐Qun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractProbing light−matter interactions at the nanoscale is essential for elucidation of their fundamentals and construction of novel nano‐optical devices. In this work, it is proposed that polarization‐ and angle‐dependent plasmonic synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy could be powerful to resolve UV–vis plasmon mediated molecular couplings, even under vibrational sublevels. Taking studies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, one general class of graphene analogs with emission range of 350–550 nm) as demonstration, a simple but efficient device of PAHs nanolayer (with thickness in tens to hundreds of nanometers) on an Al nano‐film is fabricated. By synchronously scanning excitation and emission wavelengths in a high resolution to depict polarization‐ and angle‐dependent spectrographic profiles, the vibrational transitions coupled to the Al plasmons could be identified, while these could not be attained by conventional fluorescence measurement. As a result, the featured molecular vibrational couplings for both surface plasmon‐ and plasmonic waveguide‐mediated PAHs–Al interactions have been successfully observed at room temperature. Even toward crowded and overlapped spectral components containing multiple vibrations, the transitions could be individually distinguished. These efforts will contribute to the further exploitation and construction of efficient light‐emitting devices via luminant molecules on a metal surface.
Stationary, Continuous, and Sequential Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensing Based on the Nanoscale and Microscale Polymer‐Metal Composite Sensor Particles through Microfluidics: A Review
Authors: Visaveliya Nikunjkumar R. , Mazetyte‐Stasinskiene Raminta , Köhler Johann Michael 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a label‐free and accurate analytical technique for the detection of a broad range of various analytes such as, biomolecules, pesticides, petrochemicals, as well as, cellular and other biological systems. A key component for the SERS analysis is the substrate which is required to be equipped with plasmonic features of metal nanostructures that directly interact with light and targeted analytes. Either metal nanoparticles can be deposited on the solid support (glass or silicon) which is suitable for stationary SERS analysis or dispersed in the solution (freely moving nanoparticles). Besides these routinely utilizing SERS substrates, polymer–metal composite particles are promising for sustained SERS analysis where metal nanoparticles act as plasmon‐active (hence SERS‐active) components and polymer particles act as support to the metal nanoparticles. Composite sensor particles provide 3D interaction possibilities for analytes, suitable for stationary, continuous, and sequential analysis, and they are reusable/regenerated. Therefore, this review is focused on the experimental procedures for the development of multiscale, uniform, and reproducible composite sensor particles together with their application for SERS analysis. The microfluidic reaction technique is highly versatile in the production of uniform and size‐tunable composite particles, as well as, for conducting SERS analysis.
Amine Transaminase Mediated Synthesis of Optically Pure Piperazinones and 1,4‐Diazepanones
Authors: Pérez‐Martín Carlos , Rebolledo Francisca , Brieva Rosario 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA biocatalytic approach has been designed for the synthesis of optically active piperazinones and 1,4‐diazepanones in aqueous medium under mild conditions. The method described herein is based on a biocatalytic transamination of an easily accessible N‐(2‐oxopropyl) amino acid ester and the subsequent spontaneous cyclization of the initially formed amine. Both enantiomers of the synthesized piperazinones can be prepared by the selection of amine transaminases of opposite selectivity. The reaction conditions were optimised and eight selected processes were performed on a preparative scale. Thus, seven optically active piperazinones were synthesized in high isolated yields (70–90%) and a 1,4‐diazepanone in a moderate yield (51%), being the ee ≥99% in all the cases.magnified image