bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin conjugated gold nanoparticles on breast cancer model
Authors: Faid Amna H. , Shouman Samia A. , Badr Yehia A. , Sharaky Marwa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The difficulty of achieving targeted drug delivery following administration of presently marketed anticancer therapeutics is still a concern. Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) appear to be promising in this regard. The present study focused on the use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a drug carrier for anticancer Doxorubicin (DOX) forming DOX–AuNPs nanocomposite. The anticancer effect of the prepared nanocomposite was evaluated using SRP essay on breast cancer cell line (MCF7) for different incubation times (24 h,48, and72hr). The prepared DOX–AuNPs nanocomposite was investigated by UV–visible spectroscopy, TEM, fluorescence spectroscopy, and FTIR spectroscopy.

Results
Our results showed that the prepared AuNPs and DOX–AuNPs nanocomposite have spherical and small size10 ± 2 nm and 12 ± 2 nm respectively. The potential cytotoxicity of the DOX-AuNPs nanocomposite on the MCF7 cell line was significantly increased compared to free DOX. The 20 µM DOX- AuNPs nanocomposite produced a similar decrease in cell survival as 80 µM free DOX.

Conclusion
Future work is in progress to investigate the positive effects of the prepared nanocomposite for chemo-photothermal combination treatment.
Time trends in the use of field-substitution in the Belgian health interview survey
Authors: Demarest Stefaan , Molenberghs Geert , Berete Finaba , Charafeddine Rana , Van Oyen Herman , Van Hal Guido 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Matched field-substitution has been applied in the Belgian Health Interview Survey (BHIS) since the first round. During data-collection, non-participating households are replaced by substitute households, if needed up to seven times. In this manuscript, the use of field-substitution in the six rounds of BHIS (1997–2018) is assessed. We investigated to what extent field-substitution contributes to obtaining the requested net-sample size and whether this has evolved throughout the successive BHIS’s.

Methods
Harmonized para-data gathered throughout de data-collection phases are used to define the final participation status of all households that could be contacted for participation to the survey. The share of the substituted households was calculated and possible trends in the use of field-substitution throughout the successive surveys was assessed using logistic regression. Finally, it was examined whether the application of field-substitution changed in terms of the position of the participating household in the clusters, using the ESTIMATE statement in the SAS procedure NLMIXED.

Results
Overall, four in ten participating households are substitute households. This proportion remains rather similar over the surveys. The probability of participating according to the position of the household within the cluster is evidently much higher in households at the first position of initial selected clusters. Over the survey-years, the share of participating household derived from substitute clusters in the total number of participating households has slightly increased.

Conclusion
Field-substitution in BHIS plays a very substantial role in obtaining the requested net sample both in size and composition. Field-substitution, as applied in BHIS might inspire scientists to consider it when developing their surveys.
Anaemia and its determinants among reproductive age women (15–49 years) in the Gambia: a multi-level analysis of 2019–20 Gambian Demographic and Health Survey Data
Authors: Shitu Kegnie , Terefe Bewuketu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAnaemia is among the top list of the contemporarily public health burden in both developed and developing countries, by affecting mainly women's and children's health.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the burden of anaemia and its individual and community level factors among women in The Gambia.MethodThis study was based on an extensive national survey, Gambian Demographic and Health Survey. A total weighted sample of 5,858 reproductive-age women was included. Because of the hierarchical nature of the DHS data, a multi-level logistic regression model was applied to study individual and community-level factors that may influence anaemia. A 95% confidence interval and ap-value of less than 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.ResultThe overall prevalence of anemia was found 44.28% (95% CI 0.43, 0.46). Current users of contraceptives were (AOR = 0.66, 95% CI: (0.55- 0.79)) and currently pregnant (AOR = 1.44. 95% CI: (1.16, 1.81)) less likely and more likely to develop anaemia compared to their counterparts respectively. In addition to this, living in the region of Brikama (AOR = 0.69, 95% CI: (0.50–0.97)) less likely to be exposed to anemia. From community level factor, high distance to the health facilities (AOR = 1.23,95% CI 1.02–1.48) were associated with anemia.ConclusionThe study revealed that the burden of anaemia among reproductive age Gambian women was very high. Anaemia was affected by both individual and community levels of factors. Thus, the burden of anaemia could be significantly reduced if pregnant and contraceptive users' women were monitored and encouraged. Increasing the accessibility of health facilities, community mobilization, and awareness enhancement are also advisable.
Economic impacts of biodiesel policy in Indonesia: a computable general equilibrium approach
Authors: Sahara  , Dermawan Ahmad , Amaliah Syarifah , Irawan Tony , Dilla Salsa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Government of Indonesia has been promoting the advancement of the biodiesel sector to fulfill its commitment to support clean energy, energy security, and rural development. This paper examines the economic impact of the biodiesel sector using a computable general equilibrium model. Besides analyzing the impacts on the national macroeconomic conditions, other sectors, and household incomes, our model has also included a regional block to capture the impact of the biodiesel mandate on regional growth. Two simulations were performed: (1) fulfillment of the 30% biodiesel blending target (B30 mandate), and (2) Simulation 1 combined with the European Union's biodiesel trade ban resulting in an export reduction of 5.18%. The results show that the two simulations provide positive impacts on macroeconomic variables, including real gross domestic product and real wages. However, the B30 mandate and the combined effect of the EU trade ban still yield an inflationary effect in the short term. They also potentially reduce the production of several agricultural products—such as sugarcane, fruits, vegetables, and soybeans—leading to an increase in food prices. The policy implications highlight that the current B30 mandate and EU ban cannot automatically improve the fuel trade balance.
Paleoproteomic profiling for identification of animal skin species in ancient Egyptian archaeological leather using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
Authors: Elnaggar Abdelrazek , Osama Aya , Anwar Ali Mostafa , Ezzeldin Shahd , Abou Elhassan Salma , Ebeid Hassan , Leona Marco , Magdeldin Sameh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ancient protein analysis provides clues to human life and diseases from ancient times. Paleoproteomics has the potential to give a better understanding of the modes of fabrication of ancient materials, their composition, and pathways of degradation, as well as the development of animal fibers through domestication and breeding. Thus, this study aimed at providing guidance for choosing proteomics workflows to analyze leather samples and their capacity to distinguish between unknown archeological species. Here, we performed shotgun proteomics of archeological animal skin for the first time. The raw output data were analyzed using three different software (Proteome Discoverer, Protein Pilot, and Peptide Shaker) with their impeded algorithms. The study found that the best species identification percentage was obtained using protein piolet with protein database. Particularly prevalent and relatively high collagen expression suggests its resistance to degradation, despite the samples’ exposure to environmental and chemical alterations. The success of this case study indicates that further analyses could assist in reworking historical baseline data for putative identification of unknown archeological samples.
Prevalence and factors associated with stunting and thinness among school age children in rural primary schools, East Dembia District, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Sisay Mihretu , Atenafu Azeb , Hunegnaw Melkamu Tamir , Lorato Merkineh Markos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the prevalence and factors associated with stunting and thinness among school-age children in rural primary schools in the East Dembia District, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a systematic random sampling procedure to select 840 school-aged children. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Height and weight measurements were taken, and a combined wet mount and concentration technique was used. Epi Data 3.1 was used to enter data, which was then exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.05 were considered significantly associated with stunting and thinness.

Results
The prevalence of stunting and thinness was 25.5 and 13.0%, respectively. Being infected with an intestinal parasite (AOR =4.34; 95% CI: 2.52, 12.27), being in the age group 11–14 years (AOR =3.73; 95% CI: 2.19, 6.34), having the lowest dietary diversity practice (AOR =4.61; 95% CI: 1.73, 12.27), unimproved water sources (AOR =1.76; 95% CI: 1.07, 2.91), not practicing good hygiene practice (AOR =1.71; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.804) and having an unimproved latrine type (AOR =1.72; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.89) were significantly associated with stunting. On the other hand, unsecured food (AOR =1.74; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.81), eating less than 3 meals per day (AOR = 2.67; 95% CI: 1.11, 6.46), and untreated water (AOR =1.72; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.75) were factors associated significantly with thinness.

Conclusion
Stunting and thinness are predominant public health problems in the study area, provided that the prevalence of stunting is slightly higher than that of a national survey on health and nutrition in schoolchildren, whereas the prevalence of thinness is lower when compared to the same national survey. In this study, the primary factor that was significantly associated with stunting was dietary diversity; the primary factor that was associated with thinness was eating fewer than 3 meals per day. So, an integrated strategy is important to alleviate undernutrition among school-aged children in the current study area.
Shifting online during COVID-19: A systematic review of teaching and learning strategies and their outcomes
Authors: Koh Joyce Hwee Ling , Daniel Ben Kei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis systematic literature review of 36 peer-reviewed empirical articles outlines eight strategies used by higher education lecturers and students to maintain educational continuity during the COVID-19 pandemic since January 2020. The findings show that students’ online access and positive coping strategies could not eradicate their infrastructure and home environment challenges. Lecturers’ learning access equity strategies made learning resources available asynchronously, but having access did not imply that students could effectively self-direct learning. Lecturers designed classroom replication, online practical skills training, online assessment integrity, and student engagement strategies to boost online learning quality, but students who used ineffective online participation strategies had poor engagement. These findings indicate that lecturers and students need to develop more dexterity for adapting and manoeuvring their online strategies across different online teaching and learning modalities. How these online competencies could be developed in higher education are discussed.
Predictive value of serum irisin for chronic heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Berezin Alexander A. , Fushtey Ivan M. , Pavlov Sergii V. , Berezin Alexander E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe hypothesize that serum irisin can have additional discriminative potency for heart failure (HF) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study group comprised 226 consecutive T2DM patients (153 patients with any HF phenotypes and 30 patients without HF) aged 41 to 65 years. The plasma levels N-terminal brain natriuretic pro-peptide (NT-proBNP) and irisin were detected by ELISA at the baseline of the study. We found that the most appropriate cut-off value of irisin (HF versus non-HF) were 10.4 ng/mL (area under curve [AUC] = 0.96, sensitivity = 81.0%, specificity = 88.0%; P = 0.0001). Cutoff point of NT-proBNP that distinguished patients with HF and without it was 750 pmol/L (AUC = 0.78; sensitivity = 72.7%, specificity 76.5%, p = 0.0001). Using multivariate comparative analysis we established that concentrations of irisin < 10.4 ng/mL (odds ration [OR] = 1.30; P = 0.001) and NT-proBNP > 750 pmol/mL (OR = 1.17; P = 0.042), left atrial volume index (LAVI) > 34 mL/m2 (OR = 1.06; P = 0.042) independently predicted HF. Irisin being added to NT-proBNP improved predictive modality for HF, whereas combination of NT-proBNP and LAVI > 34 mL/m2 did not. In conclusion, we established that irisin had independent predicted potency for HF in patients with established T2DM.
Nonlinear diffusion of fermions and bosons
Authors: Wolschin Georg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A nonlinear diffusion equation is proposed to account for thermalization in fermionic and bosonic systems through analytical solutions. For constant transport coefficients, exact time-dependent solutions are derived through nonlinear transformations, and the corresponding local equilibration times are deduced. Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein distributions emerge as stationary solutions of the nonlinear equation. As examples, local thermalization of quarks and gluons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, and of ultracold atoms including time-dependent Bose-Einstein condensate formation are discussed.
Postnatal depletion of maternal cells biases T lymphocytes and natural killer cells’ profiles toward early activation in the spleen
Authors: Castellan Flore S. , Irie Naoki 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The maternal cells transferred into the fetus during gestation persist long after birth in the progeny. These maternal cells have been hypothesized to promote the maturation of the fetal immune system in utero but there are still significant gaps in our knowledge of their potential roles after birth. To provide insights into these maternal cells’ postnatal functional roles, we set up a transgenic mouse model to specifically eliminate maternal cells in the neonates by diphtheria toxin injection and confirmed significant depletion in the spleens. We then performed immunophenotyping of the spleens of two-week-old pups by mass cytometry to pinpoint the immune profile differences driven by the depletion of maternal cells in early postnatal life. We observed a heightened expression of markers related to activation and maturation in some natural killer and T cell populations. We hypothesize these results to indicate a potential postnatal regulation of lymphocytic responses by maternal cells. Together, our findings highlight an immunological influence of maternal microchimeric cells postnatally, possibly protecting against adverse hypersensitivity reactions of the neonate at a crucial time of new encounters with self and environmental antigens.
Development and thermophysical analysis of binary eutectics phase change materials for solar drying application
Authors: Pandey Saurabh , Anand Abhishek , Buddhi Dharam , Sharma Atul 
Published: November 2022

Background: In the past 30–40 years, conflicts over limited conventional energy sources and the negative climate change caused by them have attracted researchers and analysts to new, clean, and green energy technologies. Thereby reducing the consumption of conventional fuel and the negative impact on the climate. The production of alternative energy in the form of thermal energy storage using phase change materials (PCMs) is one of the techniques that not only reduces the gap between the supply and demand of energy but also increases the stability of the energy supply. The tendency of PCMs to melt and solidify over a wide temperature range makes them more attractive for use in many applications. The effective and efficient storage of solar energy by PCM has the potential to significantly advance the use of renewable energy. Methods: Organic non-paraffin compound beeswax (BW) mixed with other non-paraffin compounds stearic acid (SA), Palmitic acid (PA), Myristic acid (MA), and Lauric acid (LA) in different compositions with the help of magnetic stirrer at 50–60°C for 3–4 hours to prepare BWSA, BWPA, BWMA, and BWLA eutectic PCM. Results: Prepared eutectics melt and solidify in the temperature range 36–56°C and with latent heat in the range of 155–211 kJ/Kg. Conclusions: Due to suitable temperature and good latent heat storage range, it is a good choice as thermal energy storage, for solar drying applications.
The Axis Of Resistance And Imperialism In West Asia
Authors: Aoudé Ibrahim G. 
Published: November 2022

The main thesis in this article is that the Axis of Resistance, at the center of which is the Palestinian struggle for liberation against the settler-colonial entity (Zionist entity) in Palestine, leads the fight against imperialism in West Asia. This struggle must be situated in its regional and global context. West Asia (and North Africa) is a region in which rivalry and animosity among regional and global state and non-state actors have accelerated since the beginning of the twenty-first century. The US, in collaboration with NATO, has sought to dominate the region, beginning with the demise of the USSR in 1990, but increasingly so since 2000. A critical point in the discussion is the organic relationship between the US and the Zionist entity in Palestine, which was created to keep the Arab East and West Asia, in general, within the Western imperialist fold.
Multiple wars, uprisings and instability have transpired that can best be explained in the context of global capitalism dominated by the US as a singular player leading a pliable Europe and more often than not succeeding in arranging the political map of the world in its own image.
Challenges to a unilateral globalizing world soon followed complicating the international scene militarily, politically, and economically. A consequence of this development has been an increasingly unstable international situation. This confluence of events compelled state and non-state actors in West Asia that belong to the Axis of Resistance to tread gingerly and weigh their moves so as not to come, at least prematurely, into direct conflict with US hegemony.
In this milieu, the Zionist entity in Palestine stepped up the oppression of the Palestinian people and ramped up their ethnic cleansing and confiscation of Palestinian lands. While the Palestinian liberation movement had benefited from the relationship between it and the regional front against US global hegemony, considerations and calculations of this front often compelled it to readjust its tactical (and sometimes strategic) considerations to maintain the global alliance opposing US hegemony. Taking advantage of this reality the Zionist entity continues to increase the pressure on the Palestinians while attempting to degrade the capabilities of the Resistance front in clear support of US regional strategy.
In May 2021 the Palestinian Resistance forced the settler-colonial entity to temporarily retreat from effecting its settler-colonial machinations in Palestine. In May 2022 the Palestinians, building on the successes of their confrontation with the existential enemy have thwarted imperialist, Zionist, and reactionary Arab calculations to defeat them. A plethora of recent examples demonstrated this point. Currently, facts on the ground show that the Palestinian Resistance has opposed regional compromise and capitulation to Western imperialism by some state actors. This opposition to US imperial strategy is the
sine qua non for a dynamic confrontation by the Axis of Resistance in West Asia to defeat the US hegemon.
Detection and analysis of microplastics in offshore sediment by microscopic differential Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Dong Yang , Xue Qingsheng , Lu Fengqin , Wang Fupeng , Li Qian 
Published: November 2022

In view of the problems of
low pre-screening efficiency,
a weak Raman signal, and strong fluorescence interference in the
detection of microplastics by traditional Raman spectroscopy, a set of
rapid detection system and research methods for microplastics,
including fluorescence imaging technology, differential Raman
spectroscopy technology, and confocal microscopic Raman technology,
are constructed in this paper. A 784/785 nm dual-wavelength
laser was used as the excitation light source in the rapid detection
system for microplastics. The sediment in the coastal waters of
Qingdao Shilaoren was taken as the research object. Polycarbonate and
high-density polyethylene with a particle size of 40 µm
in the samples were accurately detected and analyzed. The research
method for microplastics proposed in this study breaks through
relevant key technologies, which we believe will help promote the
development of microplastic monitoring technology in the global marine
environment and provide strong technical support for the healthy
development of the global marine ecological environment.
Structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics of potential inhibitors targeting sodium-bile acid co-transporter of carcinogenic liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis
Authors: Yoo Won Gi , Dai Fuhong , Pak Jhang Ho , Hong Sung-Jong , Song Jin-Ho 
Published: November 2022

Background
Clonorchis sinensis requires bile acid transporters as this fluke inhabits bile juice-filled biliary ducts, which provide an extreme environment. Clonorchis sinensis sodium-bile acid co-transporter (CsSBAT) is indispensable for the fluke’s survival in the final host, as it circulates taurocholate and prevents bile toxicity in the fluke; hence, it is recognized as a useful drug target.

Methodology and principal findings
In the present study, using structure-based virtual screening approach, we presented inhibitor candidates targeting a bile acid-binding pocket of CsSBAT. CsSBAT models were built using tertiary structure modeling based on a bile acid transporter template (PDB ID: 3zuy and 4n7x) and were applied into AutoDock Vina for competitive docking simulation. First, potential compounds were identified from PubChem (holding more than 100,000 compounds) by applying three criteria: i) interacting more favorably with CsSBAT than with a human homolog, ii) intimate interaction to the inward- and outward-facing conformational states, iii) binding with CsSBAT preferably to natural bile acids. Second, two compounds were identified following the Lipinski’s rule of five. Third, other two compounds of molecular weight higher than 500 Da (Mr > 500 Da) were presumed to efficiently block the transporter via a feasible rational screening strategy. Of these candidates, compound 9806452 exhibited the least hepatotoxicity that may enhance drug-likeness properties.

Conclusions
It is proposed that compound 9806452 act as a potential inhibitor toward CsSBAT and further studies are warranted for drug development process against clonorchiasis.