bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnitude of Prevelance of Refractive Errors in School-age Children: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gilal Imtiaz Ahmed , Khanzada Mahtab Alam , Mirza Azfar Ahmed , Mahesar Mona Liza , Sahito Ghulam Hyder , Bhatti Urooj 
Published: March 2022

Aim: To determine the frequency of refractive errors in school-age children.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and duration: Two Government and two Private schools of Hyderabad Sindh, screened by the institute of ophthalmology at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro, from January 2021 to June 2021.
Methodology: Schools and students were selected by stratified random method; a total of four hundred students were screened in four schools. From class one to class ten, 10 students were selected from each class. Prior written permission was obtained from parents. External ocular examination, visual acuity, pinhole test, autorefraction, and fundus examination were done and recorded on proforma along with the information regarding age, sex, family history, and parent’s education. The data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 22.
Results: In government schools 27 students out of 200 had refractive errors, myopia was present in 15 (55.55%) students, hypermetropia in 7 (25.93%) students and astigmatism in 5 (18.52%) students, while in private schools 25 students had refractive errors. Myopia was present in 16 (64%) students, hypermetropia in 7 (28%) students and astigmatism in 2 (8%) students. Myopia and astigmatism were more prevalent in female sex being 8.1% and 2% respectively, while in males it was 6.4% and 1.4% cases. In this study, no significant refractive error difference was found between government and private sector schools.
Conclusion: In our study, the prevalence of refractive errors was 13% (52) out of 400 students. Refractive errors are the most common and easily treatable causes of decreased vision in school-aged children. It is recommended that visual acuity be checked prior to admission to school because refractive errors can be easily corrected with glasses. If it is treated in time, the child can be prevented from amblyopia and squint.
Application of an iPSC‐Derived Organoid Model for Localized Scleroderma Therapy
Authors: Ma Jie , Li Wei , Cao Ruiyuan , Gao Dunqin , Zhang Qiyu , Li Xiao , Li Biyou , Lv Luye , Li Mansheng , Jiang Junyi , Wang Yujie , Li Jun , Wu Zhihong , Zhu Yunping , Zhong Wu , Zhang Shuyang , Leng Ling 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLocalized scleroderma (LoS) is a rare chronic disease with extensive tissue fibrosis, inflammatory infiltration, microvascular alterations, and epidermal appendage lesions. However, a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of LoS is currently limited. In the present work, a proteome map of LoS skin is established, and the pathological features of LoS skin are characterized. Most importantly, a human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived epithelial and mesenchymal (EM) organoids model in a 3D culture system for LoS therapy is established. According to the findings, the application of EM organoids on scleroderma skin can significantly reduce the degree of skin fibrosis. In particular, EM organoids enhance the activity of epidermal stem cells in the LoS skin and promotes the regeneration of sweat glands and blood vessels. These results highlight the potential application of organoids for promoting the recovery of scleroderma associated phenotypes and skin‐associated functions. Furthermore, it can provide a new therapeutic alternative for patients suffering from disfigurement and skin function defects caused by LoS.
Evaluation of irrigation scheduling approaches within sand‐capped turfgrass systems
Authors: Hejl Reagan Wesley , Wherley Benjamin G. , McInnes Kevin , Straw Chase M. , Fontanier Charles 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn an effort to improve performance of turfgrass irrigated with poor‐quality water, the practice of sand capping is increasing. Given current strains on water supplies, evaluation of various methods of irrigation scheduling approaches for these systems is needed. The objectives of this 2‐yr field study were to evaluate turfgrass performance, temporal and spatial soil moisture and salinity dynamics, and comparative water use among four irrigation scheduling approaches including (a) wireless soil moisture sensor (SMS), (b) on‐site reference evapotranspiration (ETo), (c) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration forecasted reference evapotranspiration, and (d) visual‐wilt‐based treatment. The turfgrass used was ‘Latitude 36’ hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ×C. transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy] planted atop a 17.8‐cm medium‐coarse textured sand cap. Results demonstrated that all approaches produced similar levels of acceptable turfgrass quality and percentage green cover with no apparent differences in root development. Forecasted reference evapotranspiration was found to be a good predictor of on‐site ETo (R2 = .97) when comparing daily values across two growing seasons. Under wilt‐based irrigation, the volumetric water content (7.6 cm sand‐cap depth) at which wilt occurred was highest mid‐summer (4.1–4.7%) but declined during early and late summer months (1.8–2.2%), suggesting different thresholds may be needed throughout the season when using SMS‐based scheduling. Finally, seasonal water use was 23% lower for the on‐site ETo–based approach compared with SMS‐based scheduling, although this did not result in elevated electrical conductivity within the sand cap. The results provide important information to guide adoption of data‐driven approaches to irrigation scheduling.
Association of tumor size in pathological T4 colorectal cancer with desmoplastic reaction and prognosis
Authors: Shiraishi Takuya , Ogawa Hiroomi , Katayama Ayaka , Osone Katsuya , Okada Takuhisa , Enokida Yasuaki , Oyama Tetsunari , Sohda Makoto , Shirabe Ken , Saeki Hiroshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTumor size in pathological T4 (pT4) colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with oncological prognosis; however, its relation to epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐associated histology is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of tumor size with oncological prognosis and EMT.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 95 patients with primary CRC who underwent radical surgery and were consecutively diagnosed with pT4.ResultsBoth 3‐y disease‐free survival (DFS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) were significantly higher in patients with tumor size ≥50 mm than in those with tumor size <50 mm (P = .009 and P = .011, respectively). The independent factors identified in the multivariate analysis for DFS were pathological lymph node metastasis (hazard ratio [HR], 2.551; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.031–6.315; P = .043), distant metastasis (HR, 2.511; 95% CI, 1.140–5.532; P = .022), tumor size (HR, 0.462; 95% CI, 0.234–0.913; P = .026), and adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 0.357; 95% CI, 0.166–0.766; P = .008). The independent factors identified in multivariate analysis for CSS were tumor location (HR, 10.867; 95% CI, 2.539–45.518; P = .001) and tumor size (HR, 0.067; 95% CI, 0.014–0.321; P < .001). In pT4 CRC, smaller tumor size was associated with nonmature desmoplastic reaction and EMT‐related histology.ConclusionsTumor size ≥50 mm was associated with a better DFS and CSS than that of <50 mm, in patients with pT4 CRC. Smaller tumor size with advanced invasion likely reflects a more biologically aggressive phenotype in pT4 CRC.
SAFT‐γ Mie model for ionic liquids
Authors: Dong Yichun , Warsahartana Hubertus Gilbert , Hammad Faisal , Masters Andrew 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe SAFT‐γ Mie model is a recent version of statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT), which uses a group contribution approach to obtain a high‐quality equation of state. In this work, this model is, for the first time, extended to ionic liquids (ILs). The SAFT‐γ Mie calculated values agree well with the experimental data for one‐component, binary and ternary systems that contain ILs, thus indicating the versatility and accuracy of this extension.
Novel FGF9 variant contributes to multiple synostoses syndrome 3
Authors: Dobson Stephanie M. , Kiss Courtney , Borschneck Daniel , Heath Karen E. , Gross Adrian , Glucksman Marc J. , Guerin Andrea 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMultiple synostoses syndromes (SYNS) are autosomal dominant syndromes characterized by multiple joint fusions commonly involving the carpal‐tarsal, interphalangeal, humeroradial, and cervical spine joints. They display genetic heterogeneity with pathogenic variants reported in four separate genes (NOG, GDF5, FGF9, and GDF6) defining four different SYNS forms. FGF9 variants have been reported in SYNS3, a SYNS with multiple synostoses, normal cognition, normal hearing, and craniosynostosis. Here, we report a novel FGF9 c.569G > C p.(Arg190Thr) variant identified by whole‐exome sequencing in a patient with multiple bony abnormalities. The patient initially presented with elbow instability and decreased range of motion. Imaging revealed bilateral radial head deformities, carpal‐tarsal fusions, brachydactyly, and osteoarthritis of the sacroiliac joints. In silico protein modeling of the identified FGF9 variant predicts decreased stability of ligand‐receptor binding supporting the pathogenicity of this finding. This finding expands the repertoire of FGF9 variants and phenotypic information reported for SYNS3 and suggest that genotype phenotype correlations due to localization seem less likely and more so due to the consequence of the pathogenic variant on the receptor. This is useful in the counseling in families as more de novo variants emerge.
Twenty‐first century bioarchaeology: Taking stock and moving forward
Authors: Buikstra Jane E. , DeWitte Sharon N. , Agarwal Sabrina C. , Baker Brenda J. , Bartelink Eric J. , Berger Elizabeth , Blevins Kelly E. , Bolhofner Katelyn , Boutin Alexis T. , Brickley Megan B. , Buzon Michele R. , de la Cova Carlina , Goldstein Lynne , Gowland Rebecca , Grauer Anne L. , Gregoricka Lesley A. , Halcrow Siân E. , Hall Sarah A. , Hillson Simon , Kakaliouras Ann M. , Klaus Haagen D. , Knudson Kelly J. , Knüsel Christopher J. , Larsen Clark Spencer , Martin Debra L. , Milner George R. , Novak Mario , Nystrom Kenneth C. , Pacheco‐Forés Sofía I. , Prowse Tracy L. , Robbins Schug Gwen , Roberts Charlotte A. , Rothwell Jessica E. , Santos Ana Luisa , Stojanowski Christopher , Stone Anne C. , Stull Kyra E. , Temple Daniel H. , Torres Christina M. , Toyne J. Marla , Tung Tiffiny A. , Ullinger Jaime , Wiltschke‐Schrotta Karin , Zakrzewski Sonia R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article presents outcomes from a Workshop entitled “Bioarchaeology: Taking Stock and Moving Forward,” which was held at Arizona State University (ASU) on March 6–8, 2020. Funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the School of Human Evolution and Social Change (ASU), and the Center for Bioarchaeological Research (CBR, ASU), the Workshop's overall goal was to explore reasons why research proposals submitted by bioarchaeologists, both graduate students and established scholars, fared disproportionately poorly within recent NSF Anthropology Program competitions and to offer advice for increasing success. Therefore, this Workshop comprised 43 international scholars and four advanced graduate students with a history of successful grant acquisition, primarily from the United States. Ultimately, we focused on two related aims: (1) best practices for improving research designs and training and (2) evaluating topics of contemporary significance that reverberate through history and beyond as promising trajectories for bioarchaeological research. Among the former were contextual grounding, research question/hypothesis generation, statistical procedures appropriate for small samples and mixed qualitative/quantitative data, the salience of Bayesian methods, and training program content. Topical foci included ethics, social inequality, identity (including intersectionality), climate change, migration, violence, epidemic disease, adaptability/plasticity, the osteological paradox, and the developmental origins of health and disease. Given the profound changes required globally to address decolonization in the 21st century, this concern also entered many formal and informal discussions.
Circular Dichroism Based Chirality Sensing with Supramolecular Host–Guest Chemistry
Authors: Quan Mao , Pang Xin‐Yu , Jiang Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOptical methods are promising to address the ever‐increasing demands for chirality analysis in drug discovery and related fields because they are amenable to high‐throughput screening. Circular dichroism‐based chiroptical sensing using host‐guest chemistry is especially appealing due to the fast equilibrium kinetics, wide substrate scope, and potential for sustainable development. In this Minireview, we give an overview on this emerging field. General aspects of molecular recognition and chirality transfer are analyzed. Chirality sensors are discussed by dividing them into three classes according to their structural features. Applications of these chirality sensors for chirality analysis of the products of asymmetric reactions and for the real‐time monitoring of reaction kinetics are demonstrated with selected examples. Moreover, challenges and research directions in this field are also highlighted.
FAIR: Fairness‐aware information retrieval evaluation
Authors: Gao Ruoyuan , Ge Yingqiang , Shah Chirag 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the emerging needs of creating fairness‐aware solutions for search and recommendation systems, a daunting challenge exists of evaluating such solutions. While many of the traditional information retrieval (IR) metrics can capture the relevance, diversity, and novelty for the utility with respect to users, they are not suitable for inferring whether the presented results are fair from the perspective of responsible information exposure. On the other hand, existing fairness metrics do not account for user utility or do not measure it adequately. To address this problem, we propose a new metric called FAIR. By unifying standard IR metrics and fairness measures into an integrated metric, this metric offers a new perspective for evaluating fairness‐aware ranking results. Based on this metric, we developed an effective ranking algorithm that jointly optimized user utility and fairness. The experimental results showed that our FAIR metric could highlight results with good user utility and fair information exposure. We showed how FAIR related to a set of existing utility and fairness metrics and demonstrated the effectiveness of our FAIR‐based algorithm. We believe our work opens up a new direction of pursuing a metric for evaluating and implementing the FAIR systems.
Analysis of Lithium‐Ion Battery State and Degradation via Physicochemical Cell and SEI Modeling
Authors: Witt Daniel , Röder Fridolin , Krewer Ulrike 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe quality of lithium‐ion batteries is affected by the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). For a better understanding of its effect on cell performance and aging, fast and economically scalable SEI diagnostics are indispensable. Battery models promise to extract hardly accessible interfacial and bulk properties of the SEI from electrochemical impedance spectra and discharge data. The common analysis of only one measurement, often with empirical models, impedes a precise localization of degradation‐related and performance‐limiting processes. This work offers a solution by combining physicochemical SEI and cell modeling for the joint analysis of both measurement types. Our analysis highlights the minor importance of the SEI ionic conductivity for cell performance along with a significant improvement and notable effect of its interfacial properties along aging. Such a detailed understanding of the initial SEI and its evolution over time could enable, e. g., a knowledge‐based optimization of the cell formation process.
Blockchain technologies as enablers of supply chain mapping for sustainable supply chains
Authors: Khan Sharfuddin Ahmed , Mubarik Muhammad Shujaat , Kusi‐Sarpong Simonov , Gupta Himanshu , Zaman Syed Imran , Mubarik Mobashar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe advent of blockchain technologies is transmuting the way conventional supply chains are being managed. Due to the complexity of dealing with many actors involved in the supply chain networks, contemporary supply chains have limited visibility, transparency, and accountability. Likewise, supply chains are increasingly facing the challenge of integration and sustainability. In this vein, blockchain technologies can play a groundbreaking role in improving the traceability, accountability, and sustainability of complex supply chain networks. The present study examines the instrumentality of blockchain technologies in enabling supply chain mapping and supply chain integration. The study also tests the direct impact of blockchain technologies on supply chain sustainability. Data are collected from 132 Malaysian Electrical and Electronics firms using a close‐ended questionnaire. The study employs Partial Least Squares‐Structural Equation Modelling (PLS‐SEM) and Partial Least Squares‐Multi Group Analysis (PLS‐MGA) for analyzing the hypothesized relationships. The results show that blockchain technologies do not have a direct impact on supply chain sustainability. Nevertheless, this finding reveals a robust indirect effect of BT, through SC integration and SC mapping, on the SC sustainability. The study's findings imply that the notion of the sustainable supply chain can be significantly attained by mapping upstream, midstream, and downstream supply chains. The well‐mapped supply chain can further improve supply chain sustainability. The findings of the study also suggest the adoption of blockchain technologies as a broad‐based strategy to attain multi‐tier goals, for example, supply chain mapping, sustainability, and integration.
Hey, did you see that label? It's sustainable!: Understanding the role of sustainable labelling in shaping sustainable purchase behaviour for sustainable development
Authors: Siraj Ahsan , Taneja Shilpa , Zhu Yongming , Jiang Hongbing , Luthra Sunil , Kumar Anil 
Published: March 2022

AbstractConsumers, nowadays, are becoming mindful of environmental issues than ever. The rising concerns for the adverse effects of consumption on environmental sustainability are leading to transformation in consumer behaviour. Consumers need relevant sustainability information about the products to shape sustainable purchase behaviours. On this note, marketers and organizations are increasingly using labels and logos for integrating sustainability evidence in their product offerings. This research integrates the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) with environmental concern, consumer effectiveness, consumer innovativeness and sustainable label awareness to determine how these affect the sustainable purchase behaviour for food products in China. The findings of structural equation modelling using data gathered from 273 consumers indicate all the constructs as significant, with consumer innovativeness having a negative and significant association. The present research expects to contribute to advancement in the literature on TPB and sustainable labelling by presenting a comprehensive and distinct model. Given the importance of the factors highlighted in the current research, marketers can design appropriate strategies by leveraging these determinants. The outcomes imply that marketers and policymakers need to make the consumers aware of sustainable labels and their favourable effects on the environment to promote sustainable consumer behaviour.
Prognostic impact of tumor size on patients with neuroblastoma in a SEER‐based study
Authors: Wang Jin‐Xia , Cao Zi‐Yang , Wang Chun‐Xia , Zhang Hong‐Yang , Fan Fei‐Long , Zhang Jun , He Xiao‐Yan , Liu Nan‐Jing , Liu Jiang‐Bin , Zou Lin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe prognostic value of tumor size in neuroblastoma (NB) patients has not been fully evaluated. Our purpose is to elucidate the prognostic significance of tumor size in surgery performed on neuroblastoma patients.MethodsNeuroblastoma patients diagnosed from 2004 to 2015 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) for the study. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to identify risk factors and the independent prognostic influences of tumor size on NB patients. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed through univariate Cox regression analysis. To determine the optimal cutoff value of tumor size, we first divided the cohort into three groups (≤5 cm, 5–10 cm, >10 cm). Subsequently, the patients were divided into two groups repeatedly, with tumor size at 1 cm intervals. The cutoff value that maximized prognostic outcome difference was selected. Furthermore, we performed the Kaplan–Meier methods to visually present differences in prognosis between the optimal tumor size cutoff value in different subgroups.ResultsA total of 591 NB patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected from the SEER database in this study. Cox analysis showed that age >1 year (HR = 2.42, p < 0.0001), originate from adrenal site (HR = 1.7, p = 0.014), distant stage (HR = 6.4, p < 0.0001), undifferentiated grade (HR = 1.94, p = 0.002), and large tumor size (HR = 1.5, p < 0.0001) independently predicted poor prognosis. For tumor size, there were significant differences in tumor size distribution in different ages, tumor grade, disease stage, and primary site subgroup but not in sex, race, and histology subgroup. Furthermore, both univariate (HR = 4.96, 95% CI 2.31–10.63, p < 0.0001) and multivariable analysis (HR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.29–6.08, p < 0.0001) indicated the optimal cutoff value of tumor size was 4 cm for overall survival of NB patients. Using a 4 cm of tumor size cutoff in subgroups, we found that it can identify poor prognosis patients whatever their age or primary site. Interestingly, tumor size of 4 cm cutoff can only identify unfavorable NB patients with diagnosis at distant‐stage disease, or differentiated grade tumor, but not with regional and local or undifferentiated tumor.ConclusionsTumor size is first to be recognized as a key prognostic factor of neuroblastoma patients and a cutoff value >4 cm might predict poor prognosis, which should be included in the evaluation of prognostic factors for NB.