bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Peletakan Biopond Larva Black Soldier Fly Terhadap Penurunan Berat Sampah Organik
Authors: Remalia Tondo Yolan , Mustafa Mustafa , Subagyo Indro 
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Masalah sampah semakin komplek, dengan komposisi terbesar adalah sampah organik sebesar 60%. Salah satu alternatif pengolahan sampah organik adalah dengan memanfaatkan larva Black Soldier Fly sebagai organisme yang dapat mendegradasi sampah organik menjadi pupuk kompos dan pakan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh peletakan biopond larva Black Soldier Fly di indoor dan outdoor terhadap penurunan berat sampah organik. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Pre-eksperiment dengan menggunakan pola Pree test and Post test group Design dengan 5 kali pengulangan pada masing- masing biopond indoor dan outdoor yang berisi sampah sebayak 1000 gram dan larva 200 gram. Larva yang digunakan berumur 14 hari dan Sampah organik yang digunakan yaitu sisa makanan, sayuran dan buah-buahan. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peletakan biopond larva Black Soldier Fly di lingkungan outdor dapat menurunkan berat sampah organik secara lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan peletakan di lingkungan indoor. Persentase penurunan berat sampah pada pelatakkan di outdoor sebesar 74% sedangkan pada indoor sebesar 40,7%. Hasil uji t sampel bebas dengan nilai p-value 0.000 ≤ 0,05 menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara penurunan berat sampah Organik pada peletakan biopond indoor dan outdoor. Kesimpulan: Peletakan biopond memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada larva Black Soldier Fly dalam mendegradasi sampah organik.
Applications of hydrogels and nanoparticles in the treatment of traumatic brain injury
Authors: Shi Jiaying , Tang Jiajia , Xu Jin , Jiang Ning , Yang Yuanwei , Chen Honglin , Han Yuhan , Fu Xianhua 
Published: January 2025

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a significant global public health issue, with effective management posing numerous challenges. The pathophysiology of TBI is typically categorized into two phases: primary and secondary injuries. Secondary injury involves pathophysiological mechanisms such as blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. Current pharmacological strategies often encounter obstacles in treating TBI effectively, primarily due to challenges in BBB penetration, inadequate target site accumulation, and off-target toxicity. Versatile hydrogels and nanoparticles offer potential solutions to these limitations. This review discusses recent progress in utilizing hydrogels and nanoparticles for TBI treatment over the past 5 years, highlighting their relevance to the underlying injury pathophysiology. Hydrogels and nanoparticles demonstrate substantial promise in addressing secondary brain injury, providing a broad spectrum of future therapeutic opportunities.
Histone deacetylase inhibition with givinostat: a multi-targeted mode of action with the potential to halt the pathological cascade of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Aartsma-Rus A. 
Published: January 2025

Muscle repair and regeneration are complex processes. In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), these processes are disrupted by the loss of functional dystrophin, a key part of the transmembrane dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex that stabilizes myofibers, indirectly leading to progressive muscle wasting, subsequent loss of ambulation, respiratory and cardiac insufficiency, and premature death. As part of the DMD pathology, histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity is constitutively increased, leading to epigenetic changes and inhibition of muscle regeneration factors, chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and adipogenesis. HDAC inhibition has consequently been investigated as a therapeutic approach for muscular dystrophies that, significantly, works independently from specific genetic mutations, making it potentially suitable for all patients with DMD. This review discusses how HDAC inhibition addresses DMD pathophysiology in a multi-targeted mode of action and summarizes the recent evidence on the rationale for HDAC inhibition with givinostat, which is now approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of DMD in patients aged 6 years and older.
Meibomian gland alterations in allergic conjunctivitis: insights from a novel quantitative analysis algorithm
Authors: Wei Jingting , Xiao Kunhong , Cai Qingyuan , Lin Shenghua , Lin Xiangjie , Wang Yujie , Lin Jiawen , Lai Kunfeng , Ye Yunxi , Liu Yuhan , Li Li 
Published: January 2025

PurposeTo investigate the changes in meibomian gland (MG) structure in allergic conjunctivitis (AC) patients using an intelligent quantitative analysis algorithm and to explore the relationship between these changes and clinical parameters.MethodsA total of 252 eyes from patients with AC and 200 eyes from normal controls were examined. Infrared meibography was performed using the non-contact mode of the Keratograph 5M. MG images were analyzed using a deep learning-based a quantitative analysis algorithm to evaluate gland length, area, dropout ratio, and deformation. Clinical parameters, including tear meniscus height, tear break up time (TBUT), conjunctival hyperemia, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores, were assessed and correlated with changes in the structure of MG.ResultsThe average MG length in AC patients was 4.48 ± 1.04 mm, shorter compared to the control group (4.72 ± 0.94 mm). The average length of the central 5 glands in AC patients was 4.94 ± 1.67 mm, which was also shorter than the control group’s central 5 glands (5.38 ± 1.42 mm). Furthermore, the central 5 glands’ area in AC patients (1.61 ± 0.64 mm2) was reduced compared to the control group (1.79 ± 0.62 mm2). Tear meniscus height was lower in the allergy group (0.26 ± 0.10 mm) compared to the control group (0.44 ± 0.08 mm) (P &lt; 0.05). The non-invasive first tear film break-up time was shorter in the allergy group (8.65 ± 6.31 s) than in the control group (10.48 ± 2.58 s) (P &lt; 0.05). Conjunctival congestion was higher in the allergy group (1.1 ± 0.52) compared to the control group (0.97 ± 0.30) (P &lt; 0.05). The OSDI score in the allergy group (8.33 ± 7.6) was higher than that in the control group (4.00 ± 0.50) (P &lt; 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that the gland dropout ratio was positively associated with male gender and negatively associated with age and OSDI scores. Additionally, despite an increased number of MG, tear film stability was not improved.ConclusionThrough the intelligent quantitative algorithm, we found that AC leads to significant changes in MG structure, particularly affecting gland length and central area.
Nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide for high efficient adsorption of methylene blue
Authors: Kang Maoping , Pei Yongli , Zhang Ying , Su Lihong , Li Yuxiang , Wang Hongyu 
Published: January 2025

A highly efficient and widely applicable adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) was created using nitrogen-doped and reduced graphene oxide (NRGO). The effects of NRGO mass, pH, contact time, and the initial MB concentration on the adsorption properties of MB onto NRGO were investigated. The results showed that the adsorption behavior remained stable within the pH range of 2.0–10.0, and the adsorption process gradually reached equilibrium after 24 h. Additionally, the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were discussed to propose a theoretical adsorption mechanism. Meanwhile, some characterizations including Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Disperse X-ray Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, X-ray Powder Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, etc. were used to explore potential adsorption mechanism, which indicated the physisorption caused by π-π bonds was the main adsorption mechanism. NRGO exhibits efficient MB absorption and holds significant potential application for the wastewater treatment.
Pectin obtention from agroindustrial wastes of Malus domestica using green solvents (citric acid and natural deep eutectic solvents). Chemical, thermal, and rheological characterization
Authors: Gómez Vargas Carolina , Ponce Nora Marta Andrea , Stortz Carlos A. , Fissore Eliana Noemi , Bonelli Pablo , Otálora González Carlos Mauricio , Gerschenson Lía Noemí 
Published: January 2025

The use of green solvents, citric acid (CA), and natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) for the obtention of pectin from wastes (pulp and peel) of Malus domestica was studied. The NADES used comprised citric acid–glucose–water (N1) or lactic acid–glucose–water (N2). The fractions rich in pectin obtained after exposure to NADES showed lower yield (≈4 g/100 g CA vs. ≈ 11 g/100 g CA), equal to or lower degree of methoxylation (53–71 mol/100 mol CA vs. 73 mol/100 mol CA), equal to or greater content of uronic acid (50–63 g/100 g CA vs. 51 g/100 g CA) than those isolated with CA, and the ones obtained from peel were the most thermally stable. These pectins showed greater linearity, shorter branch lengths, and lower arabinose content than those obtained with CA. The neutral sugars present in the highest concentration in all the isolated fractions were arabinose, xylose, galactose, and rhamnose. Glucose was also detected, probably due to contamination with starch. Their aqueous solutions showed pseudoplastic behavior. The effect of ultrasound assistance was preliminarily evaluated in the production of pectic fractions using N2, observing higher yields (13–18 g/100 g), in general, a higher concentration of uronic acid and a higher degree of methoxylation when compared with the extraction without US. They also showed greater arabinose content (less degradative treatment), lower glucose content (increased purity), and higher rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) content. It is known that RG-I is linked to pectin bioactivity and rheological behavior. The green solvent techniques assayed allowed obtaining fractions rich in uronic acid with different chemical, thermochemical, and rheological characteristics. In the case of isolation with NADES, the yield was low, but preliminary tests with ultrasound assistance showed that it is possible to overcome this limitation.
Augmented Reality for extremity hemorrhage training: a usability study
Authors: Tharun Krishant , Drogo Alberto , Recchiuto Carmine Tommaso , Ricci Serena 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionLimb massive hemorrhage is the first cause of potentially preventable death in trauma. Its prompt and proper management is crucial to increase the survival rate. To handle a massive hemorrhage, it is important to train people without medical background, who might be the first responders in an emergency. Among the possible ways to train lay rescuers, healthcare simulation allows to practice in a safe and controlled environment. In particular, immersive technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) give the possibility to provide real time feedback and present a realistic and engaging scenario, even though they often lack personalization.MethodsThis work aims to overcome the above-mentioned limitation, by presenting the design, development and usability test of an AR application to train non-experienced users on the use of antihemorrhagic devices. The application combines a Microsoft Hololens2 headset, with an AR application developed in Unity Game Engine. It includes a training scenario with a multimodal interactive system made of visual and audio cues, that would adapt to user's learning pace and feedback preference.ResultsUsability tests on 20 subjects demonstrated that the system is well tolerated in terms of discomfort and workload. Also, the system has been high rated for usability, user experience, immersion and sense of presence.DiscussionThese preliminary results suggest that the combination of AR with multimodal cues can be a promising tool to improve hemorrhage management training, particularly for unexperienced users. In the future, the proposed application might increase the number of people who know how to use an anti-hemorrhagic device.
Study on the mechanism of gas migration and breakthrough in saturated bentonite considering the interface effect
Authors: Liu Daoping , Guo Jingna , Li Qiang , Chen Zhanqing 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionGas migration in low-permeability buffer materials is a crucial aspect of nuclear waste disposal. This study focuses on Gaomiaozi bentonite to investigate its behavior under various conditions.MethodsWe developed a coupled hydro-mechanical model that incorporates damage mechanisms in bentonite under flexible boundary conditions. Utilizing the elastic theory of porous media, gas pressure was integrated into the soil's constitutive equation. The model accounted for damage effects on the elastic modulus and permeability, with damage variables defined by the Galileo and Coulomb-Mohr criteria. We conducted numerical simulations of the seepage and stress fields using COMSOL and MATLAB. Gas breakthrough tests were also performed on bentonite samples under controlled conditions.ResultsThe permeability obtained from gas breakthrough tests and numerical simulations was within a 10% error margin. The experimentally measured gas breakthrough pressure aligned closely with the predicted values, validating the model's applicability.DiscussionAnalysis revealed that increased dry density under flexible boundaries reduced the damage area and influenced gas breakthrough pressure. Specifically, at dry densities of 1.4 g/cm3, 1.6 g/cm3, and 1.7 g/cm3, the corresponding gas breakthrough pressures were 5.0 MPa, 6.0 MPa, and 6.5 MPa, respectively. At a dry density of 1.8 g/cm3 and an injection pressure of 10.0 MPa, no continuous seepage channels formed, indicating no gas breakthrough. This phenomenon is attributed to the greater tensile and compressive strengths associated with higher dry densities, which render the material less susceptible to damage from external forces.
Associations of neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with frailty and its mortality
Authors: Zhang Jianqiang 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundFrailty is an increasingly important determinant in the field of health, and its identification has important clinical significance in the field of critical care medicine. However, there are still a large number of challenges in quick and accurate identification of frailty. This study aims to evaluate the value of the neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) in frailty and its long-term survival.MethodsAdult participants from seven study cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database were included. Frailty was assessed with a 49-item Frailty Index (FI). Weighted logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and Cox regression were used to analyze the association of NHR with frailty and its long-term survival. In addition, subgroup and interaction analyses were also performed.ResultsA total of 34,382 adult participants aged 47.6 on average were included, and 16,950 (48.8%) of them were males. After the adjustment of potential confounding variables, an increase of one standard deviation (SD) in NHR resulted in the increase of the incidence of frailty by 11% (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.18, P = 0.002). RCS showed a J-shaped association between NHR and frailty, which was robust in all subgroups according to the subgroup analysis. In addition, the survival analysis revealed that NHR was significantly positively associated with all-cause (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.07-1.17, P &lt; 0.0001), cardiocerebrovascular disease (CCD)-specific (HR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.11-1.33, P &lt; 0.0001), and cancer-specific mortality risks (HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.07-1.19, P &lt; 0.0001) in frail individuals.ConclusionIn the American adult population, NHR maintains a J-shaped relationship with frailty. In addition, NHR can help predict long-term mortality in frail individuals. This study demonstrates that NHR may become an effective predictor of frailty and its mortality.
Is the groundwater of Dhaka city, Bangladesh contaminated with naturally occurring potential toxic elements?
Authors: Tajwar Mahir , Rahman Mahfuzur , Shreya Shamiha Shafinaz , Sakib Nazmus , Gazi Md. Yousuf , Hasan Mahmudul , Samm-A Anika , Zahid Anwar 
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the contamination of groundwater in Dhaka City, Bangladesh, focusing on six potentially toxic elements, including As, Cu, Mn, Cr, Al, and B, due to their implications for public health as groundwater serves as the primary source of drinking water in the region. 15 samples were taken into consideration and was analyzed for six elements (As, Cu, Mn, Cr, Al, and B) using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr) were undetectable in all samples. The average concentrations of Copper (Cu), Aluminum (Al), Boron (B), and Manganese (Mn) were measured at 0.075 mg/L, 0.087 mg/L, 1.14 mg/L, and 0.48 mg/L, respectively. Among these, only one sample (S-05) exceeded the WHO (2022) drinking water limits for Boron, and 10 samples surpassed the limits for Manganese. Pollution indices like MEI, NI, and Cd were used to evaluate contamination levels, revealing significant pollution in multiple samples. Metal evaluation index (MEI) values were found between 0.39 and 17.97 with the average of 6.71. The average values of the Nemerow pollution index (NI) and degree of contamination (Cd) were found sequentially to be 4.35 and 5.71. In both cases, eight samples were found to be highly contaminated. The observed hazard index (HI) values for adults varied from 0.20 to 2.47, whereas for children it ranged from 0.32 to 3.93. All samples indicate values of children exceed the HI values of adults which indicates that children are more susceptible than adults through oral exposure to drinking water. The elevated concentrations of manganese were the primary cause of the higher NI, Cd, and HI values in eight samples. This study highlights groundwater contamination as a critical public health concern and advocates the need for mitigation efforts to ensure safe drinking water access. The study underscores the urgent need for implementing stricter groundwater management policies and public health interventions to mitigate contamination risks.
Generalized linear modeling of HCV infection among medical waste handlers in Sidama region, Ethiopia
Authors: Warssamo Birhanu Betela 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThere is limited evidence on prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among waste handlers in Sidama region, Ethiopia; however, this knowledge is necessary for effective prevention of HCV infection in the region.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected waste collectors from October 2021 to 30 July 2022 in different public hospitals of Sidama region of Ethiopia. Serum samples were collected from participants and screened for anti-HCV using rapid immunochromatography assay. Socio-demographic and risk factor information of waste handlers was gathered by pretested and well-structured questionnaires The generalized linear model (GLM) was conducted using R software, and P-value &lt;0.05 was declared statistically significant.ResultsFrom a total of 282 participating waste handlers, 16 (5.7%) (95% CI = 4.2–8.7) were infected with hepatitis C virus. Educational status of waste handlers was the significant demographic variable that was associated with hepatitis C virus (AOR = 0.055; 95% CI = 0.012–0.248; P = 0.000). More married waste handlers, 12 (75%), were HCV positive than unmarried, 4 (25%) and married waste handlers were 2.051 times (OR = 2.051, 95% CI = 0.644–6.527, P = 0.295) more prone to HCV infection, compared to unmarried, which was statistically insignificant. The GLM showed that exposure to blood (OR = 8.26; 95% CI = 1.878–10.925; P = 0.037), multiple sexual partners (AOR = 3.63; 95% CI = 2.751–5.808; P = 0.001), sharp injury (AOR = 2.77; 95% CI = 2.327–3.173; P = 0.036), not using personal protective equipment (AOR = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.032–0.937; P = 0.001), contact with jaundiced patient (AOR = 3.65; 95% CI = 1.093–4.368; P = 0.0048) and unprotected sex (AOR = 11.91; 95% CI = 5.847–16.854; P = 0.001) remained statistically significantly associated with HCV positivity.ConclusionsThe study revealed that there was a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among waste handlers in Sidama region, Ethiopia. This demonstrated that there is an urgent need to increase preventative efforts and strategic policy orientations to control the spread of the hepatitis C virus.
BIMSSA: enhancing cancer prediction with salp swarm optimization and ensemble machine learning approaches
Authors: Panda Pinakshi , Bisoy Sukant Kishoro , Panigrahi Amrutanshu , Pati Abhilash , Sahu Bibhuprasad , Guo Zheshan , Liu Haipeng , Jain Prince 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundCancer rates are rising rapidly, causing global mortality. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 9.9 million people died from cancer in 2020. Machine learning (ML) helps identify cancer early, reducing deaths. An ML-based cancer diagnostic model can use the patient’s genetic information, such as microarray data. Microarray data are high dimensional, which can degrade the performance of the ML-based models. For this, feature selection becomes essential.MethodsSwarm Optimization Algorithm (SSA), Improved Maximum Relevance and Minimum Redundancy (IMRMR), and Boruta form the basis of this work’s ML-based model BIMSSA. The BIMSSA model implements a pipelined feature selection method to effectively handle high-dimensional microarray data. Initially, Boruta and IMRMR were applied to extract relevant gene expression aspects. Then, SSA was implemented to optimize feature size. To optimize feature space, five separate machine learning classifiers, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), AdaBoost, and XGBoost, were applied as the base learners. Then, majority voting was used to build an ensemble of the top three algorithms. The ensemble ML-based model BIMSSA was evaluated using microarray data from four different cancer types: Adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Acute myelogenous leukemia (ALL-AML), Lymphoma, Mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL), and Small round blue cell tumors (SRBCT).ResultsIn terms of accuracy, the proposed BIMSSA (Boruta + IMRMR + SSA) achieved 96.7% for ALL-AML, 96.2% for Lymphoma, 95.1% for MLL, and 97.1% for the SRBCT cancer datasets, according to the empirical evaluations.ConclusionThe results show that the proposed approach can accurately predict different forms of cancer, which is useful for both physicians and researchers.