bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced accumulation of oil through co-expression of fatty acid and ABC transporters in Chlamydomonas under standard growth conditions
Authors: Chen Ru , Yang Miao , Li Mengjie , Zhang Hao , Lu Han , Dou Xiaotan , Feng Shiqi , Xue Song , Zhu Chenba , Chi Zhanyou , Kong Fantao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Chloroplast and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized fatty acid (FA) transporters have been reported to play important roles in oil (mainly triacylglycerols, TAG) biosynthesis. However, whether these FA transporters synergistically contribute to lipid accumulation, and their effect on lipid metabolism in microalgae are unknown.

Results
Here, we co-overexpressed two chloroplast-localized FA exporters (FAX1 and FAX2) and one ER-localized FA transporter (ABCA2) in Chlamydomonas. Under standard growth conditions, FAX1/FAX2/ABCA2 over-expression lines (OE) accumulated up to twofold more TAG than the parental strain UVM4, and the total amounts of major polyunsaturated FAs (PUFA) in TAG increased by 4.7-fold. In parallel, the total FA contents and major membrane lipids in FAX1/FAX2/ABCA2-OE also significantly increased compared with those in the control lines. Additionally, the total accumulation contribution ratio of PUFA, to total FA and TAG synthesis in FAX1/FAX2/ABCA2-OE, was 54% and 40% higher than that in UVM4, respectively. Consistently, the expression levels of genes directly involved in TAG synthesis, such as type-II diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGTT1, DGTT3 and DGTT5), and phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (PDAT1), significantly increased, and the expression of PGD1 (MGDG-specific lipase) was upregulated in FAX1/FAX2/ABCA2-OE compared to UVM4.

Conclusion
These results indicate that the increased expression of FAX1/FAX2/ABCA2 has an additive effect on enhancing TAG, total FA and membrane lipid accumulation and accelerates the PUFA remobilization from membrane lipids to TAG by fine-tuning the key genes involved in lipid metabolism under standard growth conditions. Overall, FAX1/FAX2/ABCA2-OE shows better traits for lipid accumulation than the parental line and previously reported individual FA transporter-OE. Our study provides a potential useful strategy to increase the production of FA-derived energy-rich and value-added compounds in microalgae.
Cultural adaptation and psychometric assessment of the Persian version of the lumbar spine instability questionnaire
Authors: Nakhostin Ansari Noureddin , Abdollahzade Zahra , Naghdi Soofia , Beigmohammadi Mohammad Taghi , Kashi-Alashti Mina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The Lumbar Spine Instability Questionnaire (LSIQ) is a self-reported measure of clinical instability of the lumbar spine. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the LSIQ into Persian language (LSIQ-P) and to evaluate its reliability and validity in a sample of patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (LBP).

Methods
In a cross-sectional study, the LSIQ was translated using guidelines. Participants with chronic non-specific LBP, aged ≥ 18 years old, answered an online survey consisting of LSIQ-P, the Persian Functional Rating Index (FRI), and the pain Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Construct validity, internal consistency reliability, test–retest reliability, standard error of measurement (SEM), smallest detectable change (SDC), discriminant validity, and factor analysis were evaluated.

Results
The LSIQ was successfully adapted into Persian. A sample of 100 participants with LBP and 100 healthy subjects completed the survey. Floor and ceiling effects were not observed. Cronbach’s alpha = 0.767 and ICCagreement = 0.78 indicated good internal consistency and test–retest reliability. The SEM and SDC were 1.53 and 4.24, respectively. Construct validity of LSIQ-P was confirmed with significant correlation with Persian FRI (r = 0.44, p < 0.001) and pain NRS (r = 0.30, p = 0.003). An evidence of discriminant validity was demonstrated by significant difference in LSIQ-P total scores between the patients with LBP and healthy subjects, and between the patients with high total score ≥ 9 and those with low total score < 9 on the LSIQ-P. The LSIQ-P was found a multidimensional instrument with eight items appeared being redundant.

Conclusions
The Persian LSIQ showed satisfactory metric characteristics of reliability and validity. Further studies are required to elucidate the internal structure of the LSIQ-P.
Big data analytics on social networks for real-time depression detection
Authors: Angskun Jitimon , Tipprasert Suda , Angskun Thara 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDuring the coronavirus pandemic, the number of depression cases has dramatically increased. Several depression sufferers disclose their actual feeling via social media. Thus, big data analytics on social networks for real-time depression detection is proposed. This research work detected the depression by analyzing both demographic characteristics and opinions of Twitter users during a two-month period after having answered the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 used as an outcome measure. Machine learning techniques were applied as the detection model construction. There are five machine learning techniques explored in this research which are Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, and Deep Learning. The experimental results revealed that the Random Forest technique achieved higher accuracy than other techniques to detect the depression. This research contributes to the literature by introducing a novel model based on analyzing demographic characteristics and text sentiment of Twitter users. The model can capture depressive moods of depression sufferers. Thus, this work is a step towards reducing depression-induced suicide rates.
Dog olfactory receptor gene expression profiling using samples derived from nasal epithelium brushing
Authors: Azzouzi Naoual , Guillory Anne-Sophie , Chaudieu Gilles , Galibert Francis 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDogs have an exquisite sense of olfaction. In many instances this ability has been utilized by humans for a wide range of important situations including detecting explosives and illegal drugs. It is accepted that some breeds have better senses of smell than others. Dogs can detect many volatile compounds at extremely low concentrations in air. To achieve such high levels of detection, the canine olfactory system is both complex and highly developed requiring a high density of olfactory receptors capable of detecting volatiles. Consequently the dog genome encodes a large number of olfactory receptor (OR) genes. However, it remains unclear as to what extent are all of these OR genes expressed on the cell surface. To facilitate such studies, a nasal brushing method was developed to recover dog nasal epithelial cell samples from which total RNA could be extracted and used to prepare high quality cDNA libraries. After capture by hybridization with an extensive set of oligonucleotides, the level of expression of each transcript was measured following next generation sequencing (NGS). The reproducibility of this sampling approach was checked by analyzing replicate samples from the same animal (up to 6 per each naris). The quality of the hybridization capture was also checked by analyzing two DNA libraries; this offered an advantage over RNA libraries by having an equal presence for each gene. Finally, we compared this brushing method performed on living dogs to a nasal epithelium biopsy approach applied to two euthanized terminally ill dogs, following consent from their owners.Comparison the expression levels of each transcript indicate that the ratios of expression between the highest and the least expressed OR in each sample are greater than 10,000 (paralog variation). Furthermore, it was clear that a number of OR genes are not expressed.The method developed and described here will allow researchers to further address whether variations observed in the OR transcriptome relate to dog ‘life experiences’ and whether any differences observed between samples are dog-specific or breed-specific.
Abnormally high Patient State Index associated with epicardial pacing: a case report
Authors: Yonezawa Hiroki , Maeda Takuma , Takise Yoshiaki , Morinaga Masahiro , Ohnishi Yoshihiko 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Anesthesiologists monitor electroencephalography (EEG) intraoperatively to maintain adequate depth of anesthesia. However, the EEG signal is affected by noise and interference. The SedLine® is a brain function monitor with which the Patient State Index (PSI) is calculated. In this study, we report abnormally high PSI values associated with epicardial pacing during open heart surgery.

Case presentation
A 50-year-old man was scheduled for total arch replacement. Atrial demand pacing was started before weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. The PSI increased from 30 to 80 soon after the start of pacing, and the EEG waveform showed spikes synchronized with the pacing. As the pacing output was lowered, the spikes on the EEG attenuated and disappeared, and the PSI decreased to < 40. When the pacing output was increased again, the spikes recurred, and the PSI increased again.

Conclusions
Pacemaker spikes may cause contamination of the EEG, resulting in abnormally high PSI values.
Effect of pyriproxyfen on development and survival of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto under forested and deforested areas
Authors: Nampelah Bahati , Chisulumi Paulo S. , Yohana Revocatus , Kidima Winifrida , Kweka Eliningaya J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe land cover changes in the form of deforestation are known for their impact on enhancingAnophelinelife-history traits. In most cases, these traits depend on environmental parameters such as temperature and light. Pyriproxyfen is an insect growth regulator juvenile hormone (JH) designed to inhibit adult mosquito emergence. It is an effective biolarvicide in controlling immature stages of malaria vectors and many other insects. Despite the known efficiency of pyriproxyfen in malaria vector control, but the understanding of its performance under deforested or afforested areas is not clear. The present study aimed at evaluating the impact of pyriproxyfen on development and survivorship ofAnopheles gambiae s.s.in forested and deforested areas. Tests of two dosages (0.03 ppm.ai. and 0.3 ppm.ai.) of pyriproxyfen were done in standardized semi-field conditions under ambient temperature and light in netting screened environment. The plastic artificial microcosms containing 1 kg of soil and 2000 mL of dechlorinated water were used. First instars larvae were distributed in densities of 20, 40, and 60 in six replicates each, to form a total of 18 microcosms per each land cover type. Larvae mortality, development, and survival time were monitored and recorded after every 24 h until pupation. Emerging adults from pupa were recorded, and their sexes were identified.ResultsPyriproxyfen increasedAnopheles gambiaelarvae mortality rates and larvae developmental time of first instar larvae to pupal at densities of 20, 40 and 60 larvae in forested area (p < 0.05). Also, the larvae survival time was found to be longer in forested area compared to deforested area (p < 0.05) except at the density of 20 larvae. Pyriproxyfen reduced larvae pupation rates by 88% in forested area and it had 100% adult emergence inhibition regardless of land cover type and pyriproxyfen concentration, except at the density of 60 larvae exposed to 0.03 ppm, where adult emergence rate of 6.7% was detected.ConclusionThese findings suggest that, the efficacy of pyriproxyfen againstAnopheles gambiaes.s. larvae and pupae is dependent on land cover types and its larvicidal effect can be increased by presence of trees canopy covers. Therefore, reviving forestry schemes and community afforestation programmes could have a positive impact on mosquito larval control by using larvicides. Also, increasing land canopy cover can be opted as a way to discourage the development and survival of potential malaria vectors.
Impact of COVID-19 Disease in Early Breast Cancer Management: A Summary of the Current Evidence
Authors: Cavalcante Francisco Pimentel , Abdala Edson , Weissmann Leonardo , Ferreira Carlos Eduardo dos Santos , Amorim Gilberto , de Oliveira Vilmar Marques , Guilgen Gisah , Landeiro Luciana , Pinho João Renato Rebello , Pulchinelli Álvaro , Ribeiro Heber , Souza Rafael , Rosa Daniela Dornelles 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE An expert panel on breast cancer and COVID-19 disease was convened to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for early breast cancer (eBC) management. METHODS To ensure that the most clinically relevant information was addressed, essential information was drawn from several of the latest national and international guidelines and another technical document. The expert panel met in five virtual closed sessions from November 2020 to May 2021 to consult on the relevant data from evidence-based results. The data gathered were discussed on an online platform. RESULTS This article reports the expert panel's highlights of these meetings' discussions. In addition, it provides practical recommendations covering topics regarding diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with eBC in clinical settings routinely encountered by health care professionals amid the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION This article provided guidance on several topics regarding eBC management amid the COVID-19 pandemics to inform safer care practices.
Building Capacity for Cancer Research in the Era of COVID-19: Implementation and Results From an International Virtual Clinical Research Training Program in Zambia
Authors: Diao Kevin , Lombe Dorothy C. , Mwaba Catherine K. , Wu Juliana , Kizub Darya A. , Cameron Carrie A. , Chiao Elizabeth Y. , Msadabwe Susan C. , Lin Lilie L. 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE The incidence of cancer in sub-Saharan Africa is increasing rapidly, yet cancer research in the region continues to lag. One contributing factor is limited exposure to clinical research among trainees. We describe implementation and results of a virtual clinical research training program for Zambian clinical oncology fellows developed jointly by the Cancer Diseases Hospital in Zambia and the MD Anderson Cancer Center to address this need. METHODS The clinical research training program consisted of 14 weekly virtual lectures, development of research questions by Zambian clinical oncology fellows, assignment of faculty and peer mentors, longitudinal mentorship of research protocols, and anonymous precourse and postcourse surveys. The paired t-test was used to analyze the change in academic self-efficacy scores. RESULTS Fourteen Zambian clinical oncology fellows participated. Senior fellows were paired with research mentors, leading to the development of eight research protocols. A total of 70 meetings and 126 hours of mentorship occurred with a median of seven meetings and 15 hours per pairing. The precourse and postcourse survey response rates were 86% and 79%, respectively. There were statistically significant increases in nine of 12 academic self-efficacy domains. The largest gains were in ability to independently perform research ( P < .001) and research mentorship ( P = .02) with an average increase of 1.5 points on a five-point scale in both domains. CONCLUSION The Cancer Diseases Hospital MD Anderson Cancer Center clinical research training program for Zambian clinical oncology fellows led to increases in multiple academic self-efficacy domains among participants, formation of longitudinal mentorship groups with both faculty and peer mentors, and development of Zambian-led research protocols, demonstrating the feasibility of implementing a virtual model. This may be especially relevant because of shifting international collaboration paradigms after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Oncology Training Needs Assessment Among Health Care Professionals in Nigeria
Authors: Adejumo Prisca Olabisi , Oluwasanu Mojisola Morenike , Ntekim Atara , Awolude Olutosin Alaba , Kotila Olayinka Adejoke , Aniagwu Toyin , Brown Biobele Jotham , Dzekem Bonaventure Suiru , Duncan Susan , Tito-Ilori Moyinoluwalogo , Ajani Olufadekemi , Lee Sang Mee , Babalola Chinedum Peace , Ojengbede Oladosu , Huo Dezheng , Hammad Nazik , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE This study investigated the status of training and preparedness for oncology practice and research and degree of interprofessional collaboration among health care professionals in the six geopolitical regions of Nigeria. METHODS A convergent parallel mixed methods design was used. Three hundred seventeen respondents completed a three-part, online questionnaire. Self-rated competencies in oncology research (26 items), oncology practice (16 items), and interprofessional collaboration (nine items) were assessed with a one- to five-point Likert scale. Six key informant and 24 in-depth interviews were conducted. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and pairwise t-test were used to analyze the quantitative data, whereas thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data. RESULTS Respondents were mostly female (65.6%) with a mean age of 40.5 ± 8.3 years. Respondents include 178 nurses (56.2%), 93 medical doctors (29.3%), and 46 pharmacists (14.5%). Self-assessed competencies in oncology practice differed significantly across the three groups of health care professionals ( F = 4.789, P = .009). However, there was no significant difference across professions for competency in oncology research ( F = 1.256, P = .286) and interprofessional collaboration ( F = 1.120, P = .327). The majority of respondents (267, 82.4%) felt that educational opportunities in oncology-associated research in the country are inadequate and that this has implications for practice. Key training gaps reported include poor preparedness in data analysis and bioinformatics (138, 43.5%), writing clinical trials (119, 37.5%), and writing grant/research proposals (105, 33.1%). Challenges contributing to gaps in cancer research include few trained oncology specialists, low funding for research, and inadequate interprofessional collaboration. CONCLUSION This study highlights gaps in oncology training and practice and an urgent need for interventions to enhance interprofessional training to improve quality of cancer care in Nigeria. These would accelerate progress toward strengthening the health care system and reducing global disparities in cancer outcomes.
Developing Palliative Medicine as an Accredited Medical Specialty in Kenya
Authors: Elias Hussein , Dow Lindsay A. , Boit Juli , Asirwa Chite F. , Cornetta Kenneth 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE Most people living with life-limiting illnesses in Kenya lack access to palliative care. Globally, palliative medicine is a growing specialty that equips clinicians with the training required to improve the quality of life for people living with a wide variety of serious illnesses. Optimal delivery relies on a skilled workforce with specialty-level training, and we identified the absence of board-accredited training programs for clinical officers (COs) and physicians as a barrier to providing high-quality palliative care in Kenya. METHODS We held a series of stakeholder meetings with expert palliative care clinicians, leaders, and educators from Kenya and other countries to develop and implement a comprehensive, evidence-based palliative medicine curriculum for COs. RESULTS We developed a higher diploma program that is being administered by the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital College in Eldoret, Kenya, with faculty from Moi University School of Medicine and affiliated institutions. We have collaborated to create the first diploma awarding program in palliative medicine in Kenya. Our efforts have led the Kenyan CO Council adding palliative medicine to their list of recognized and licensed specialties. COs are now enrolled in an 18-month program that will lead to a higher diploma and national recognition as palliative care specialists. CONCLUSION Early building of consensus and educating policymakers, regulatory bodies, and government personnel was an important step to overcome the challenge of palliative care misconceptions. The unique capacity of global partnerships and early and frequent stakeholder involvement is critical in novel program development. Local ownership of such in-country programs is key, and the stakeholders should be included in strategies for sustainability.
Piriform Cortex Ablation Volume Is Associated With Seizure Outcome in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Hwang Brian Y. , Mampre David , Tsehay Yohannes K. , Negoita Serban , Kim Min Jae , Coogan Christopher , Eremiev Alexander , Palla Adhith , Weber-Levine Carly , Kang Joon Y. , Anderson William S. 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:
Growing evidence suggests that piriform cortex resection during anterior temporal lobectomy is important for achieving good seizure outcome in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). However, the relationship between seizure outcome and piriform cortex ablation during MR-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine whether ablation of piriform cortex was associated with seizure outcome in patients with mTLE undergoing MRgLITT.

METHODS:
We performed preablation and postablation volumetric analyses of hippocampus, amygdala, piriform cortex, and ablation volumes in patients with mTLE who underwent MRgLITT at our institution from 2014 to 2019.

RESULTS:
Thirty nine patients with mTLE were analyzed. In univariate logistic regression, percent piriform cortex ablation was associated with International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) class 1 at 6 months (odds ratio [OR] 1.051, 95% CI [1.001-1.117], P = .045), whereas ablation volume, percent amygdala ablation, and percent hippocampus ablation were not (P > .05). At 1 year, ablation volume was associated with ILAE class 1 (OR 1.608, 95% CI [1.071-2.571], P = .021) while percent piriform cortex ablation became a trend (OR 1.050, 95% CI [0.994-1.109], P = .054), and both percent hippocampus ablation and percent amygdala ablation were not significantly associated with ILAE class 1 (P > .05). In multivariable logistic regression, only percent piriform cortex ablation was a significant predictor of seizure freedom at 6 months (OR 1.085, 95% CI [1.012-1.193], P = .019) and at 1 year (OR 1.074, 95% CI [1.003-1.178], P = .041).

CONCLUSION:
Piriform cortex ablation volume is associated with seizure outcome in patients with mTLE undergoing MRgLITT. The piriform cortex should be considered a high yield ablation target to achieve good seizure outcome.
Induction of a Columnar Liquid Crystal Phase at Low Temperature by Replacing Stearyl Groups with Oleyl Groups in a Discoid Molecule, and Efficient Chiral Amplification in the Liquid Crystal Phase
Authors: Kishikawa Keiki , Takebuchi Syunya , Takahashi Hikaru , Kohri Michinari 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Replacement of stearyl groups with oleyl groups in a discoid molecule induced a rectangular columnar phase at low temperature. Although the molecule has no hydrogen bonding sites, the induced liquid crystal phase showed a highly efficient chiral amplification. The helical packing structure was postulated based on its X-ray diffraction profile and circular dichroism spectra.
Polyphosphoester/Tannic Acid Composite Sticky Coacervates as Adhesives
Authors: Cheng Yichen , Ueda Masato , Iwasaki Yasuhiko 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To obtain adhesive coacervates with biodegradable polymers, sticky coacervates composed of water soluble polyphosphoester (PPE) and tannic acid (TA) were prepared. According to the multiple hydrogen bonding acceptor sites in the repeating unit of PPE, a coacervate can spontaneously form by mixing PPE with TA in aqueous media. The coacervate could work as an adhesive for titanium plates. Furthermore, an average maximum shear bond strength of 1.6 MPa was observed.