bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embodiment in directive sequences: The case of triadic interactions in a Polish-English bilingual family
Authors: Gaskins Dorota , Frick Maria 
Published: April 2022

Aims: This study provides a multimodal conversation analytic account of directive sequences used in the presence of a child aged 1;8-2;4 growing up in an English-dominant environment and acquiring Polish as a heritage language. Design: The video recorded data are drawn from naturally occurring interactions, in which the child is present when one caregiver produces a directive turn (request, proposal, or suggestion) and another one carries it out in an embodied fashion. Analysis: The analysis focuses on the sequential unfolding of the triadic interactions, the two adults’ and child’s verbal turns, gaze direction, manual actions, and handling of objects. Findings: Although the child is not always verbally active in the directive sequences, she observes them and sometimes takes part, either through bodily actions or verbal utterances. The multimodal analysis also shows that even if the child’s verbal activity might indicate understanding a prior turn and responding to it, the child may not actually be orienting to the conversation. Observing adults carrying out heritage language directive sequences is only possible when the child is interacting with two speakers of her heritage language, or a speaker of that language and a person who has some passive knowledge of it. Seeing adults’ mutual social actions offers the child a social environment, in which she can get a rich linguistic model and also observe the benefits of using the heritage language in everyday interactional situations. Originality: This is the first study to offer a multimodal conversation analysis of directive sequences in which one adult produces the directive and another adult responds to it in the presence of a child acquiring a heritage language.
Activity of 3,19-isopropylidinyl andrographolide against herpes simplex virus type 1 in an animal model
Authors: Chuerduangphui Jureeporn , Nukpook Thawaree , Pientong Chamsai , Aromdee Chantana , Suebsasana Supawadee , Khunkitti Watcharee , So-in Charinya , Proyrungroj Kanisara , Ekalaksananan Tipaya 
Published: April 2022

Background In our previous study, the semi-synthetic analog of andrographolide, 3,19-isopropylideneandrographolide (IPAD), acts more effectively against herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in cell culture than does acyclovir. IPAD inhibits cytopathic effect and production of HSV wild types and drug-resistant strains. Its effect is associated with the reduction of immediate-early regulatory protein (ICP27) and early proteins (ICP8 and UL42), indicating a mode of action different from that of acyclovir. Therefore, studies of the anti-HSV activity of IPAD in animal models are required before further application. Material & Method Prednisolone-treated BALB/c mice were cutaneously infected with HSV-1 wild-type KOS strain. Experimental groups included control groups (untreated or treated only with the cream base) and treatment groups (with acyclovir or IPAD creams). Creams were applied four times daily for 10 days after infection to the relevant groups. The skin lesion score was assessed twice a day for 10 days. In addition, the effect of IPAD on HSV copy number and HSV late gene (gD) expression was investigated in skin lesion cells by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Result IPAD cream was significantly effective in delaying the development of skin lesions and regression of the skin lesion score by day 5 (P < 0.01) compared with untreated controls. In addition, this IPAD cream significantly reduced HSV DNA copy number and gD gene expression (P < 0.01). No signs of irritation were observed at the application site. Conclusion Topical administration of IPAD cream reduced skin lesions in mice cutaneously infected with HSV-1 KOS.
Emergency ureteric lithotripsy – Improving clinical care in the GIRFT era
Authors: Horsburgh Ben , Carr Stephanie 
Published: April 2022

Objective: Emergency ureteric stone treatment with lithotripsy is a key topic in Urology. This study describes the process of change in this unit to develop protocol-led quality care for patients with obstructing ureteric stones. Subjects/patients (or materials) and methods: A retrospective series of 675 consecutive patients undergoing emergency ureteric stone lithotripsy. Treatment data, times from referral to treatment completion and outpatient follow-up by endourologist are analysed. Data are reviewed over a 4-year period while protocol-led care was introduced. Results: This study demonstrates significant improvement in timely patient management. In 2017, the median time from referral to post-treatment review was 147 days. With the introduction of the protocol-led booking system, the median time from referral to post-treatment review was reduced to 14 days. Improvements in evidence-based shock wave delivery and clinical coding are demonstrated. Conclusion: This study demonstrates improvement in patient care through timely booking of lithotripsy treatment and follow-up. Barriers to improving care include IT support and changing established practice. Ongoing metrics for emergency ureteric lithotripsy should include the time taken from referral to post-treatment clinical review by an endourologist. Level of evidence: 4
Impact ofIDH1andIDH2mutation detection at diagnosis and in remission in patients with AML receiving allogeneic transplantation
Authors: Bill Marius , Jentzsch Madlen , Bischof Lara , Kohlschmidt Jessica , Grimm Juliane , Schmalbrock Laura Katharina , Backhaus Donata , Brauer Dominic , Goldmann Karoline , Franke Georg-Nikolaus , Vucinic Vladan , Niederwieser Dietger , Mims Alice S. , Platzbecker Uwe , Eisfeld Ann-Kathrin , Schwind Sebastian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSomatic mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 genes (IDH1 and IDH2) are common in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The prognostic impact of the presence of IDH mutations may be influenced by the comutational status, the specific location of the mutation (ie, IDH1 R132, IDH2 R140, and IDH2 R172) at diagnosis, and the dynamics of the mutation burden during disease course. Even though many patients with IDH-mutated AML are consolidated by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the underlying biology and prognostic consequences remain largely unknown. Here, we present a large analysis of 292 patients with AML who received HSCT in complete remission (CR) or CR with incomplete peripheral recovery (CRi), in which we assessed the IDH mutation status at diagnosis and HSCT as a potential marker for measurable residual disease (MRD). About a quarter of all patients were IDH-mutated at diagnosis. The diagnostic presence of IDH mutations in AML did not have a significant prognostic impact when consolidated with HSCT. However, IDH1 R132 and IDH2 R172 MRD positivity in remission at HSCT associated with an increased risk of relapse, while IDH2 R140 mutations did not. The IDH2 R140 variant allele frequency (VAF) at diagnosis was higher, clustering around 50%, and the mutation clearance at HSCT in morphologic remission was much lower compared with IDH1 R132 and IDH2 R172. In our cohort, IDH2 R140 mutations behaved more like a clonal hematopoiesis-related aberration, while IDH1 R132 and IDH2 R172 harbored AML disease-specific features.
Incidence and clinical impact of bleeding events in older patients with acute venous thromboembolism
Authors: Ferrazzini Elisa , Méan Marie , Stalder Odile , Limacher Andreas , Rodondi Nicolas , Aujesky Drahomir 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Older patients anticoagulated for venous thromboembolism (VTE) have an increased risk of bleeding compared with younger patients. Little is known about the clinical impact of anticoagulation-related bleeding in this growing patient group. To prospectively assess the incidence, clinical impact, and predictors of bleeding in older patients anticoagulated for VTE, we analyzed 981 patients aged ≥65 years with acute VTE in a prospective multicenter cohort. Eight-eight percent were anticoagulated with vitamin K antagonists. Outcomes were the occurrence of major bleeding (MB) or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding (CRNMB) event during the initial anticoagulation period up to 36 months. We described the incidence and clinical impact of bleeding and examined the association between risk factors and time to a first bleeding using competing risk regression; 100 MB and 125 CRNMB events occurred during follow-up. The incidence of MB and CRNMB was 8.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.0-10.4) and 13.4 events (95% CI, 11.4-15.7) per 100 patient-years, respectively. In patients with MB, 79% required hospitalization, 18% required surgical intervention, and 19% required permanent discontinuation of anticoagulation; 15% of MB were intracranial and 6% were fatal. After adjustment, active cancer (subhazard ratio [SHR], 1.81; 95% CI, 1.12-2.93) and low physical activity (SHR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.19-2.98) were associated with MB and high risk of falls with CRNMB (SHR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.39-3.00). Older patients anticoagulated for VTE had a high incidence of MB and CRNMB, and these bleeding episodes caused a great burden of disease. Physicians should carefully weigh the risks/benefits of extended anticoagulation in the older population with VTE.
Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Research of Surface Texture Hydrodynamic Lubrication
Authors: Li Dan , Yang Xuefeng , Wu Yuanbo , Cheng Jian , Wang Shouren , Wan Zhuang , Liu Wenbo , Xia Guofeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe research on surface texture is developing from single macro-texture to composite micro-nano texture. The current research on the anti-friction mechanism and theoretical models of textures is relatively weak. Studying the characteristics of different types of surface textures and determining the applicable working conditions of each texture is the focus of current research. In this paper, a mathematical model of hydrodynamic lubrication is established based on Navier–Stokes equations. The FLUENT software is used to simulate and analyze the four texture models, explore the dynamic pressure lubrication characteristics of different texture types, and provide data support for texture optimization. The key variable values required by the mathematical model are obtained through the simulation data. The friction coefficient of the texture under different working conditions was measured through friction and wear experiments, and the mathematical model was verified by the experimental results. The research results show that circular texture is suitable for low to medium speed and high load conditions, chevron texture is suitable for medium to high speed and medium to high load conditions, groove texture is suitable for high speed and low load conditions, and composite texture is suitable for high speed and medium to high load conditions. Comparing the experimental results with the results obtained by the mathematical model, it is found that the two are basically the same in the ranking of the anti-friction performance of different textures, and there is an error of 10%−40% in the friction coefficient value. In this study, a mathematical model of hydrodynamic lubrication was proposed, and the solution method of the optimal surface texture model was determined.
Bionic Design and Analysis of a Novel Quadruped Robot with a Multistage Buffer System
Authors: Zheng Yi , Xu Kun , Tian Yaobin , Deng Huichao , Ding Xilun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLarge quadruped mammals, such as ruminants, have outstanding motion ability, including running and bounding. These advanced motion abilities are related to the buffer effect of their complicated musculoskeletal systems. However, the buffer effect of most bio-robots is not satisfactory owing to the simple design of their buffer systems. In this paper, a physiological analysis of the ruminant musculoskeletal system is presented to explain the intrinsic buffer mechanism of motion. Based on the physical buffer parts of the ruminant limbs, the corresponding bionic mappings were determined. These mappings were used to guide the mechanism design of the robot multistage buffer system. The multistage buffer system includes two main buffer mechanisms: the first stage and the second stage. The buffer mechanism analysis of the first stage and multiple stages is discussed in theory to compare the effects between the normal single buffer system and the novel multistage buffer system. Then, the detailed mechanical structure of the limbs was designed based on the limb mechanism design. To further verify the superior efficacy of the multistage buffer system, the corresponding walking simulation experiments were conducted after the virtual prototype of a quadruped robot with a novel limb was built completely. Both theoretical analysis and simulation experiments prove that the bionic robot design with the novel multistage buffer system achieves better motion performance than the traditional robot buffer design and can be regarded as the design template of the robot limb.
Step-by-Step Numerical Prediction of Aerodynamic Noise Generated by High Speed Trains
Authors: Li Tian , Qin Deng , Zhou Ning , Zhang Weihua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the unsteady flow around a high-speed train is numerically simulated by detached eddy simulation method (DES), and the far-field noise is predicted using the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) acoustic model. The reliability of the numerical calculation is verified by wind tunnel experiments. The superposition relationship between the far-field radiated noise of the local aerodynamic noise sources of the high-speed train and the whole noise source is analyzed. Since the aerodynamic noise of high-speed trains is derived from its different components, a stepwise calculation method is proposed to predict the aerodynamic noise of high-speed trains. The results show that the local noise sources of high-speed trains and the whole noise source conform to the principle of sound source energy superposition. Using the head, middle and tail cars of the high-speed train as noise sources, different numerical models are established to obtain the far-field radiated noise of each aerodynamic noise source. The far-field total noise of high-speed trains is predicted using sound source superposition. A step-by-step calculation of each local aerodynamic noise source is used to obtain the superimposed value of the far-field noise. This is consistent with the far-field noise of the whole train model’s aerodynamic noise. The averaged sound pressure level of the far-field longitudinal noise measurement points differs by 1.92 dBA. The step-by-step numerical prediction method of aerodynamic noise of high-speed trains can provide a reference for the numerical prediction of aerodynamic noise generated by long marshalling high-speed trains.
Attenuated alpha oscillation and hyperresponsiveness reveals impaired perceptual learning in migraineurs
Authors: Fong Chun Yuen , Law Wai Him Crystal , Fahrenfort Johannes Jacobus , Braithwaite Jason J. , Mazaheri Ali 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Anomalous phantom visual perceptions coupled to an aversion and discomfort to some visual patterns (especially grating in mid-range spatial frequency) have been associated with the hyperresponsiveness in migraine patients. Previous literature has found fluctuations of alpha oscillation (8-14 Hz) over the visual cortex to be associated with the gating of the visual stream. In the current study, we examined whether alpha activity was differentially modulated in migraineurs in anticipation of an upcoming stimulus as well as post-stimulus periods.

Methods
We used EEG to examine the brain activity in a group of 28 migraineurs (17 with aura /11 without) and 29 non-migraineurs and compared their alpha power in the pre/post-stimulus period relative to the onset of stripped gratings.

Results
Overall, we found that migraineurs had significantly less alpha power prior to the onset of the stimulus relative to controls. Moreover, migraineurs had significantly greater post-stimulus alpha suppression (i.e event-related desynchronization) induced by the grating in 3 cycles per degree at the 2nd half of the experiment.

Conclusions
These findings, taken together, provide strong support for the presence of the hyperresponsiveness of the visual cortex of migraine sufferers. We speculate that it could be the consequence of impaired perceptual learning driven by the dysfunction of GABAergic inhibitory mechanism.
Analysis and global research trends on nautical tourism and green coastal infrastructures: the case of coral reefs and seagrass meadows
Authors: Caparrós-Martínez José Luis , Martínez-Vázquez Rosa María , de Pablo Valenciano Jaime 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
This article aims to analyse the scientific production related to the impact worldwide of recreational and sports tourism on the conservation and management of coast and marine green infrastructures. To this end, the research focuses on two of the ecosystems, where this type of tourism exerts pressure on a global scale: seagrass meadows and coral reefs. Based on Scopus and WoS databases, different levels of analysis have been carried through the application of bibliometrics to identify the most prevalent topics and future research trends.

Results
The main results are summarised as follows. On the one hand, many publications in the scientific sector analyse how tourism and recreational activity affect specific marine ecosystems, especially coral reefs. On the other hand, the phenomenon of Global Change and the social and environmental effects on marine ecosystems with significant tourism potential have been identified as one of the most studied research topics. Finally, emerging research trends have been identified, including environmental monitoring and tracking programs aimed at controlling tourism, aspects related to the participation of the population and local tourism sectors, and the role of ecotourism in marine protected areas.

Conclusions
In conclusion, a greater commitment from the public administration and a greater social awareness of the ecosystem services it generates is needed. If the species and the natural environment are not conserved and protected, the tourist attractiveness of these areas would be lost and, ultimately, the tourism of the area would change, with the consequent loss of well-being for the whole community.
Trichoderma atroviride LZ42 releases volatile organic compounds promoting plant growth and suppressing Fusarium wilt disease in tomato seedlings
Authors: Rao Yuxin , Zeng Linzhou , Jiang Hong , Mei Li , Wang Yongjun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The promotion of plant growth and suppression of plant disease using beneficial microorganisms is considered an alternative to the application of chemical fertilizers or pesticides in the field.

Results
A coconut-scented antagonistic Trichoderma strain LZ42, previously isolated from Ganoderma lucidum-cultivated soil, was investigated for biostimulatory and biocontrol functions in tomato seedlings. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses suggested that strain LZ42 is closely related to T. atroviride. Tomato seedlings showed increased aerial and root dry weights in greenhouse trials after treatment with T. atroviride LZ42 formulated in talc, indicating the biostimulatory function of this fungus. T. atroviride LZ42 effectively suppressed Fusarium wilt disease in tomato seedlings, with an 82.69% control efficiency, which is similar to that of the carbendazim treatment. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by T. atroviride LZ42 were found to affect the primary root growth direction and promote the root growth of tomato seedlings in root Y-tube olfactometer assays. The fungal VOCs from T. atroviride LZ42 were observed to significantly inhibit F. oxysporum in a sandwiched Petri dish assay. SPME–GC–MS analysis revealed several VOCs emitted by T. atroviride LZ42; the dominant compound was tentatively identified as 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one (6-PP). The VOC 6-PP exhibited a stronger ability to influence the direction of the primary roots of tomato seedlings but not the length of the primary roots. The inhibitory effect of 6-PP on F. oxysporum was the highest among the tested pure VOCs, showing a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 5.76 μL mL−1 headspace.

Conclusions
Trichoderma atroviride LZ42, which emits VOCs with multiple functions, is a promising agent for the biostimulation of vegetable plants and integrated management of Fusarium wilt disease.
Genome-scale transcriptomic insights into the gene co-expression network of seed abortion in triploid Siraitia grosvenorii
Authors: Wei Rongchang , Tu Dongping , Huang Xiyang , Luo Zuliang , Huang Xiaohua , Cui Nan , Xu Juan , Xiong Faqian , Yan Haifeng , Ma Xiaojun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey, also known as Luohanguo or monk fruit, is a famous traditional Chinese medicine ingredient with important medicinal value and broad development prospects. Diploid S. grosvenorii has too many seeds, which will increase the utilization cost of active ingredients. Thus, studying the molecular mechanism of seed abortion in triploid S. grosvenorii, identifying the abortion-related genes, and regulating their expression will be a new direction to obtain seedless S. grosvenorii. Herein, we examined the submicroscopic structure of triploid S. grosvenorii seeds during abortion.

Results
Upon measuring the endogenous hormone content, we found that abscisic acid (ABA) and trans-zeatin (ZR) levels were significantly downregulated after days 15 and 20 of flowering. RNA sequencing of triploid seeds at different developmental stages was performed to identify key genes regulating abortion in triploid S. grosvenorii seeds. Multiple genes with differential expression between adjacent stages were identified; seven genes were differentially expressed across all stages. Weight gene co-expression network analysis revealed that the enhancement of monoterpene and terpene metabolic processes might lead to seed abortion by reducing the substrate flow to ABA and ZR.

Conclusions
These findings provide insights into the gene-regulatory network of seed abortion in triploid S. grosvenorii from different perspectives, thereby facilitating the innovation of the breeding technology of S. grosvenorii.