bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact on Prognosis Following Nonanatomical Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Postoperatively Proven as Micro Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus on Histology
Authors: Komatsu Shohei , Kido Masahiro , Tanaka Motofumi , Kinoshita Hisoka , Tsugawa Daisuke , Awazu Masahide , Gon Hidetoshi , Toyama Hirochika , Ueno Kimihiko , Ajiki Tetsuo , Fujino Yasuhiro , Tominaga Masahiro , Fukumoto Takumi 
Published: January 2022

Objective
The prognostic impact of intrahepatic recurrence pattern and/or operative procedure (anatomical resection [AR] and nonanatomical resection [NAR]) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with postoperatively proven portal vein tumor thrombus on histology has not yet been clearly examined.

Summary of background data
A total of 52 HCC patients who had no visible macroscopic vascular invasion preoperatively and histologically proven portal vein tumor thrombus distal to second-order portal branches after surgery were analyzed.

Methods
The overall survival and disease-free survival rates were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The risk factors for intrahepatic recurrence and distant metastasis were analyzed using the log-rank test.

Results
There was no significant difference in the overall survival rates at 5 years, based on the operative procedure. The disease-free survival rates at 3 years were 59.2% (AR group) and 30.1% (NAR group), respectively, and were statistically significant. Intrahepatic recurrence in the same remnant segment was seen in 5 patients undergoing NAR. These cases developed multiple bilobar recurrences simultaneously, including the same segment, and recurrence only in the same remnant segment was not seen in any case, irrespective of solitary or multiple recurrence.

Conclusions
Intrahepatic recurrence in the same remnant segment does not influence the disease-free survival rate in patients after NAR. Although AR would be an ideal procedure, the current study suggests NAR can achieve identical outcomes for patients who cannot be considered for AR.
RBE‐weighted dose and its impact on the risk of acute coronary event for breast cancer patients treated with intensity modulated proton therapy
Authors: Liu Chunbo , Bradley Julie A. , Zheng Dandan , Vega Raymond B. Mailhot , Beltran Chris J. , Mendenhall Nancy , Liang Xiaoying 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE)‐weighted dose to the heart and to estimate RBE uncertainties when assuming a constant RBE of 1.1, for breast cancer patients receiving intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT). Further, to study the impact of RBE uncertainties on the risk of an acute coronary event (ACE).Material and methodsWe analyzed 20 patients who received IMPT to either the left breast (n = 10) or left chest wall (n = 10) and regional lymph nodes. The Monte Carlo simulation engine, MCsquare, was used to simulate the dose‐averaged linear energy transfer (LETd) map. The RBE‐weighted dose to the heart and its substructures was calculated using three different RBE models. The risk of ACE was estimated per its linear relationship with mean heart dose (MHD) as established by Darby et al.ResultsThe median MHD increased from 1.33 GyRBE assuming an RBE of 1.1 to 1.64, 1.87, and 1.99 GyRBE when using the RBE‐weighted dose models. The median values (and ranges) of the excess absolute risk of ACE were 0.4% (0.1%–0.8%) when assuming an RBE of 1.1, and 0.6% (0.2%–1.0%), 0.6% (0.2%–1.1%), and 0.7% (0.2%–1.1%) with the RBE‐weighted models. For our patient cohort, the maximum excess absolute risk of ACE increased by 0.3% with the RBE‐weighted doses compared to the constant RBE of 1.1, reaching an excess absolute ACE risk of 1.1%. The interpatient LETd variation was small for the relevant high‐dose regions of the heart.ConclusionAll three RBE models predicted a higher biological dose compared to the clinical standard dose assuming a constant RBE of 1.1. An underestimation of the biological dose results in underestimation of the ACE risk. Analyzing the voxel‐by‐voxel biological dose and the LET map alongside clinical outcomes is warranted in the development of a more accurate normal‐tissue complication probability model.
A novel modified opposition‐based hunger games search algorithm to design fractional order proportional‐integral‐derivative controller for magnetic ball suspension system
Authors: Izci Davut , Ekinci Serdar , Eker Erdal , Kayri Murat 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on construction of novel enhanced metaheuristic algorithm using a modified opposition‐based learning technique and the hunger games search algorithm. The proposed modified opposition‐based hunger games search (mOBL‐HGS) algorithm is aimed to be used as an efficient tool to tune a fractional order proportional‐integral‐derivative (FOPID) controller in order to control a magnetic ball suspension system with greater flexibility. The challenging benchmark functions from CEC2017 test suite are used to confirm the greater performance of the proposed mOBL‐HGS algorithm. The proposed mOBL‐HGS algorithm is also utilized to reach the optimum values of a FOPID controller employed in a magnetic ball suspension system in order to demonstrate its capability in terms of a complex real‐world engineering problem. The latter case is confirmed through comparative evaluations of statistical analysis, convergence profile, transient response, frequency response, disturbance rejection, and robustness. The demonstrated results confirm the greater ability of the proposed approach to control a magnetic ball suspension system.
Observation of 3D Biexcitons in Pristine‐Quality CH3NH3PbBr3 Single Crystals
Authors: Ryu Hongsun , Park Jeehong , Nam Seo Hyun , Park Joon Woo , Kim Kitae , Yi Yeonjin , Jang Joon I. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHalide perovskites (HPs) are fascinating materials whose optoelectronic properties are arguably excitonic. In the HP family, biexcitons are known to exist only in low dimensions where exciton–exciton binding is strongly enhanced by quantum and dielectric confinements. In this paper, however, it is shown that they indeed do exist in 3D bulk CH3NH3PbBr3 (MAPbBr3) single crystals if the pristine crystal quality is ensured for subtle binding of two excitons. The existence of biexcitons is clearly evidenced below 30 K with a binding energy of ≈3.9 ± 0.3 meV according to i) exciton–biexciton population dynamics, ii) giant resonant two‐photon excitation of biexcitons, iii) inverted Boltzmann‐type spectral feature, and iv) zero degree of circular polarization in the biexciton photoluminescence. Because of the polariton effect, the two‐photon resonance occurs at the excited biexciton state from which longitudinal‐transverse splitting is calculated to be 3.7 meV. The discovery of the 3D biexcitons underscores the very quality of HP crystals for generating various many‐body excitonic phases in MAPbBr3 and its analogues toward the improved understanding of their fundamental properties and highly efficient optoelectronic applications.
A Tissue Adhesion‐Controllable and Biocompatible Small‐Scale Hydrogel Adhesive Robot
Authors: Lee Yun‐Woo , Chun Sungwoo , Son Donghoon , Hu Xinghao , Schneider Martina , Sitti Metin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecently, the realization of minimally invasive medical interventions on targeted tissues using wireless small‐scale medical robots has received an increasing attention. For effective implementation, such robots should have a strong adhesion capability to biological tissues and at the same time easy controlled detachment should be possible, which has been challenging. To address such issue, a small‐scale soft robot with octopus‐inspired hydrogel adhesive (OHA) is proposed. Hydrogels of different Young's moduli are adapted to achieve a biocompatible adhesive with strong wet adhesion by preventing the collapse of the octopus‐inspired patterns during preloading. Introduction of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel for dome‐like protuberance structure inside the sucker wall of polyethylene glycol diacrylate hydrogel provides a strong tissue attachment in underwater and at the same time enables easy detachment by temperature changes due to its temperature‐dependent volume change property. It is finally demonstrated that the small‐scale soft OHA robot can efficiently implement biomedical functions owing to strong adhesion and controllable detachment on biological tissues while operating inside the body. Such robots with repeatable tissue attachment and detachment possibility pave the way for future wireless soft miniature robots with minimally invasive medical interventions.
An Energy‐Storing DNA‐Based Nanocomplex for Laser‐Free Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Zhao Huaixin , Li Linghui , Li Feng , Liu Chunxia , Huang Mengxue , Li Jiao , Gao Feng , Ruan Xinhua , Yang Dayong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic strategy that is dependent on external light irradiation that faces a major challenge in cancer treatment due to the poor tissue‐penetration depths of light irradiation. Herein, a DNA nanocomplex that integrates persistent‐luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) is developed, which realizes tumor‐site glutathione‐activated PDT for breast cancer without exogenous laser excitation. The scaffold of the nanocomplex is AS1411‐aptamer‐encoded ultralong single‐stranded DNA chain with two functions: i) providing sufficient intercalation sites for the photosensitizer, and ii) recognizing nucleolin that specifically overexpresses on the surface of cancer cells. The PLNPs in the nanocomplex are energy‐charged to act as a self‐illuminant and coated with a shell of MnO2 for blocking energy degradation. In response to the overexpressed glutathione in cancer cells, the MnO2 shell decomposes to provide Mn2+ to catalytically produce O2, which is essential to PDT. Meanwhile, PLNPs are released and act as a self‐illuminant to activate the photosensitizer to convert O2 into cytotoxic 1O2. Significant tumor inhibition effects are demonstrated in breast tumor xenograft models without exogenous laser excitation. It is envisioned that a laser‐excitation‐free PDT strategy enabled by the PLNP–DNA nanocomplex promotes the development of PDT and provides a new local therapeutic approach.
Micro/Nano‐Structured Metal–Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Coatings on Biodegradable Zn for Osteogenic and Biocompatible Improvement
Authors: Qian Junyu , Chen Yingqi , Zhang Wentai , Mo Xiaoshan , Zou Dan , Soliman Hanaa , Zhou Chao , Huang Nan , Sang Hongxun , Zeng Hui , Zhang Haijun , Wan Guojiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiodegradable Zn‐based metals have recently gained great attention for orthopedic implant applications, due to their attractive attributes in biodegradability, mechanics, and bio‐functionalities. However, Zn‐based metals suffer from excessive Zn2+ release leading to bio‐incompatibility and insufficient osteogenic properties. Herein, bioactive molecules incorporated zinc phosphate (ZnP) of metal–organic/inorganic hybrid coatings are constructed on Zn surfaces by dip‐coating, targeting a decrease in Zn2+ release rate and an improvement in biocompatible and osteogenic properties. The bioactive molecules, cysteine, phenylalanine, and bovine serum albumin, are incorporated into inorganic ZnP using a metal–organic/inorganic coordination strategy. As a result, these hybrid coatings are compact, and present different micro/nanostructured surface morphology. The electrochemical and long‐term static immersion results show that the hybrid coatings decrease the corrosion rate of Zn, reduce the Zn2+ ion release rate, and promote hydroxyapatite deposition. In addition, they promote the proliferation and adhesion of preosteoblast MC3T3‐E1 and rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and up‐regulate the expression of osteogenesis‐related genes. Such appealing properties can be attributed to the characteristic micro/nanostructured surface morphologies and the presence of the bioactive components. These metal–organic/inorganic hybrid coatings provide a novel avenue to modify the surface of Zn‐based metals for orthopedic implant applications.
Manipulating Active Sites of 2D Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets with Fluorescent Materials for Enhanced Colorimetric and Fluorescent Ammonia Sensing
Authors: Wong Danny , Phani Arindam , Homayoonnia Setareh , Park Simon S. , Kim Seonghwan , Abuzalat Osama 
Published: January 2022

Abstract2D metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) offer high surface area and unique accessibility to active adsorption sites making them appealing for gas sensing applications. 2D MOFs‐based sensors are gaining traction for detecting hazardous flu‐gases such as ammonia selectively at low concentrations. Fluorescent and colorimetric sensing are promising techniques offering high sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid response in simple applications. In this work, Zn‐BTC is synthesized as 2D‐MOFs nanosheet with approximate thickness of 2.52 nm via a fast, facile, direct synthesis technique. The introduction of 8‐hydroxyquinoline during synthesis forms fluorescent compounds with zinc (ZnQ) which is encapsulated and decorated onto Zn‐BTC. Inherent charges on ZnQ lead to the agglomeration of multiple 2D‐flakes forming ZnQ@Zn‐BTC multi‐flaked nano‐discs. The synthesized material shows visible color change upon exposure to ammonia from white to ivory. In addition, selective fluorescence quenching is observed under ultraviolet illumination (λex = 365 nm) when ZnQ@Zn‐BTC is exposed to ammonia. The limit of detection reaches 0.27 ppm as a dried film for gaseous sensing and 60.8 nm in liquid phase fluorescence quenching, respectively. The observed high sensitivity and selectivity are attributed to the manipulation of active sites of 2D‐MOFs nanosheet with ZnQ. Functionalization also limits the degradation and breakdown of ZnQ@Zn‐BTC.
Multimodal Locomotion and Active Targeted Thermal Control of Magnetic Agents for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Ramos‐Sebastian Armando , Gwak So‐Jung , Kim Sung Hoon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMagnetic microrobots can be miniaturized to a nanometric scale owing to their wireless actuation, thereby rendering them ideal for numerous biomedical applications. As a result, nowadays, there exist several mechano‐electromagnetic systems for their actuation. However, magnetic actuation is not sufficient for implementation in biomedical applications, and further functionalities such as imaging and heating are required. This study proposes a multimodal electromagnetic system comprised of three pairs of Helmholtz coils, a pair of Maxwell coils, and a high‐frequency solenoid to realize multimodal locomotion and heating control of magnetic microrobots. The system produces different configurations of magnetic fields that can generate magnetic forces and torques for the multimodal locomotion of magnetic microrobots, as well as generate magnetic traps that can control the locomotion of magnetic swarms. Furthermore, these magnetic fields are employed to control the magnetization of magnetic nanoparticles, affecting their magnetic relaxation mechanisms and diminishing their thermal properties. Thus, the system enables the control of the temperature increase of soft‐magnetic materials and selective heating of magnetic microrobots at different positions, while suppressing the heating properties of magnetic nanoparticles located at undesired areas.
AC/DC Convertible Pillar‐Type Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Output Current Amplified by the Design of the Moving Electrode
Authors: Kim Dongchang , Chung Jihoon , Heo Deokjae , Chung Seh‐Hoon , Lee Giuk , Hwang Patrick T. J. , Kim Min‐Kun , Jung Heesoo , Jin Youngho , Hong Jinkee , Lee Sangmin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs a valuable tool for harvesting energy, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) exhibit notable advantages over other energy‐harvesting methods in terms of their low weight, low cost and high‐power density. Despite their application potential in the domain of portable electronics, TENGs exhibit a limited maximum output owing to the high surface charge density during operation. Furthermore, TENGs inherently produce alternative current (AC); thus, an additional electrical circuit such as a rectifying circuit must be used as a portable power source. To overcome these problems, a triboelectric generation mechanism that can produce both AC and direct current outputs with amplified electrical current through the addition of a simple mechanical component is established. The proposed pillar‐type TENG (P‐TENG) can minimize the electrical loss during operation that occurs due to the contact between electrodes, allowing electrons to flow directly. Moreover, a miniaturized and portable variant of the P‐TENG is designed to harvest mechanical energy in daily‐life activities.
Long‐term agricultural practice effects on carbon and nitrogen isotopes of soil organic matter fractions
Authors: Desrochers Johan , Brye Kristofor R. , Pollock Erik D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the effects of long‐term traditional and alternative agricultural management practice effects on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling and storage within particulate organic matter (POM) and light fractions (LF) within various soil aggregate‐size classes can be illuminated by isotopic 13C/12C (δ13C) and 15N/14N (δ15N) differences. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of residue level, residue burning, tillage, and irrigation on δ13C and δ15N values of the bulk‐soil, macro‐ (>250 μm) and micro‐aggregate‐(53–250 μm), coarse‐ (>250 μm), and fine‐ (53–250 μm) POM, and coarse‐ and fine‐LF in the top 10 cm following 13 yr of consistent management in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] double‐crop system on a silt‐loam soil in eastern Arkansas. Various treatment combinations affected (p < .05) δ13C values within the bulk‐soil and fine‐POM, as well as δ15N values within the bulk‐soil, macro‐aggregate, coarse‐LF, and fine‐LF fractions. Averaged across all other field treatments, macro‐aggregate δ15N was greater (p < .01) in the no‐tillage (NT)‐low‐ (3.23%) compared with NT–high‐residue (3.05%) and CT‐high‐ and low‐residue combination, which did not differ and averaged 3.11%, indicating that more labile residue can be achieved in the NT–high‐residue treatment combination. Results showed significant variations in aggregate‐associated δ13C and δ15N, as affected by long‐term residue and water management practices that would otherwise not have been evident from simple, bulk‐soil analysis or a short‐term field study.
Protein Ligation and Labeling Enabled by a C‐Terminal Tetracysteine Tag
Authors: Mo Zeyuan , Lin Shaomin , Chen Wentao , He Chunmao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe hydrazinolysis of S‐cyanylated peptide provides an alternative way to afford protein α‐hydrazide, a key reagent used in native chemical ligation (NCL), without the aid of any inteins or enzymes. The currently used non‐selective S‐cyanylation, however, allows no other cysteine in the protein besides the one at the cleavage site. Herein, we report a regioselective S‐cyanylation and hydrazinolysis strategy achieved via the fusion of a tetracysteine tag to the C‐terminal of the protein of interest. We term it tetracysteine enabled protein ligation (TCEPL). While highly selective, the strategy is applicable for proteins expressed as inclusion bodies, and this was showcased by the efficient semi‐synthesis of an iron‐sulfur protein rubredoxin and the catalytic and hinge domains of matrix metalloprotease‐14 (MMP‐14) containing 207 amino acid residues. Furthermore, the TCEPL strategy was exploited for protein C‐terminal labeling with amino reagents bearing a variety of functional groups, demonstrating its versatility and generality.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Silylcyanation of Ynamides: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Access to Tetrasubstituted 3‐Silyl‐2‐Aminoacrylonitriles
Authors: Hansjacob Pierre , Leroux Frédéric R. , Gandon Vincent , Donnard Morgan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe palladium‐catalyzed silylcyanation of ynamides is described. This reaction is fully regioselective, delivering tetrasubstituted 2‐aminoacrylonitriles derivatives exclusively. Unexpectedly, the nature (aryl or alkyl) of the substituent located at the β‐position of the ynamide directly controls the stereoselectivity. The reaction tolerates a number of functional groups and can be considered as the first general access to fully substituted 2‐aminoacrylonitriles. Given the singular reactivity observed, a computational study was performed to shed light on the mechanism of this intriguing transformation. Relying on the specific reactivity of the newly installed vinylsilane functionality, the scope of 2‐aminoacrylonitriles has been enlarged by postfunctionalization.
Construction of ajmalicine and sanguinarine de novo biosynthetic pathways using stable integration sites in yeast
Authors: Liu Tengfei , Gou Yuanwei , Zhang Bei , Gao Rui , Dong Chang , Qi Mingming , Jiang Lihong , Ding Xuanwei , Li Chun , Lian Jiazhang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractYeast cell factories have been increasingly employed for producing plant‐derived natural products. Unfortunately, the stability of plant natural product biosynthetic pathway genes, particularly when driven by the same sets of promoters and terminators, remains one of the biggest concerns for synthetic biology. Here we profile genomic loci flanked by essential genes as stable integration sites in a genome‐wide manner, for stable maintenance of multigene biosynthetic pathways in yeast. We demonstrate the application of our yeast integration platform in the construction of sanguinarine (24 expression cassettes) and ajmalicine (29 expression cassettes) de novo biosynthetic pathways for the first time. Moreover, we establish stable yeast cell factories that can produce 119.2 mg L−1 heteroyohimbine alkaloids (containing 61.4 mg L−1 ajmalicine) in shake flasks, representing the highest titer of monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) ever reported and promising the complete biosynthesis of other high‐value MIAs (such as vinblastine) for biotechnological applications.
Histone deacetylase HDAC2 regulates microRNA‐125a expression in neuroblastoma
Authors: Liu Denghui , Tang Xianglian , Huang Zhao , Wen Jiabing , Zhou Yuxiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastoma (NB) is an infrequent childhood malignancy of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system and is accountable for about 10% of pediatric tumors. microRNA (miR)‐125a has been implicated to serve as a tumor suppressor in various cancers. Herein, we set out to ascertain whether miR‐125a exerts antitumor effects in NB.MethodsDownregulated miRNAs were identified by miRNA microarray analysis of NB tissues and paracancerous tissues. The expression of miR‐125a in NB tissues and cells was detected by reverse transcription‐quantitative (RT‐q) PCR, followed by prognostic analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed on target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation were detected by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8), Hoechst staining, immunofluorescence, and western blot. NB cells were injected into nude mice to detect tumorigenic, apoptotic, and differentiation activities in vivo. Dual‐luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were carried out to verify the binding relationship between miR‐125a and PHOX2B or histone deacetylases 2 (HDAC2), respectively. Finally, rescue experiments were conducted.ResultsmiR‐125a was downregulated in NB tissues and cells, which was associated with poor prognosis. miR‐125a reduced NB cell proliferation and augmented apoptosis and differentiation. NB cells with miR‐125a overexpression decreased cell tumorigenesis and increased apoptosis and differentiation in xenograft tumor tissues. miR‐125a targeted PHOX2B, which was highly expressed in NB tissues and cells. HDAC2, highly expressed in NB tissues and cells, repressed miR‐125a transcription through histone deacetylation. Overexpression of HDAC2 or PHOX2B rescued the effects of miR‐125a on NB cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation.ConclusionHDAC2 inhibited miR‐125a transcription through deacetylation, and miR‐125a suppressed NB development through binding to PHOX2B.