bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faktor Risiko Kejadian COVID-19 Pada Pasien Di RSUD Sayang Rakyat Kota Makassar
Authors: Wa Ode Nurfalah  , Nur Ulmy Mahmud  , Sumiaty  , Mansur Sididi  , Nurul Hikmah  
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 adalah penyakit menular yang baru ditemukan pada Desember 2019 di Wuhan yang disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2. Mulai januari 2020, virus ini menyebar ke luar Tiongkok, pertama di Thailand, Korea Selatan, dan Jepang. Sehingga pada tanggal 11 Maret 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) menyatakan COVID-19 sebagai pandemi. COVID-19 pertama dilaporkan di Indonesia pada tanggal 2 Maret 2020 sejumlah 2 kasus. Virus ini dapat menyerang siapa saja, baik balita, anak-anak, orang dewasa, orang tua, ibu hamil maupun ibu yang sedang menyusui. Namun, beberapa orang memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk terinfeksi COVID-19. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian COVID-19 pada pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Sayang Rakyat Kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan rancangan Case Control study. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa umur merupakan faktor risiko yang tidak bermakna terhadap kejadian COVID-19 dengan nilai OR=6,556 95% CI 0,764-56,219. Kebiasaan merokok merupakan faktor risiko yang bermakna terhadap kejadian COVID-19 dengan nilai OR=1,447 95% CI 1,447-15,046. Kontak erat merupakan faktor risiko yang bermakna terhadap kejadian COVID-19 dengan nilai OR=188,500 95% CI 38,284-928,114. Komorbid merupakan faktor risiko yang bermakna terhadap kejadian COVID-19 dengan nilai OR=3,406 95% CI 1,486-7,809. Sebagai saran dalam penelitian ini masyarakat diharapkan untuk mengkonsumsi makanan yang dapat meningkatkan imun tubuh, mengurangi atau bahkan berhenti merokok, selalu mematuhi protokol kesehaatan serta bagi masyarakat yang memiliki komorbid diharapkan dapat mengendalikan komorbidnya.
Study the Effect of Water Content on the Structure of Electrochemically Prepared TiO2 Nanotubes
Authors: Al-Waisawy Sara , Kareem  Abdullah Ahmed , Hamed Hadi A. , Al-bakri Ali A. 
Published: January 2022

In this research, the pure titanium foil was treated in glycerol base electrolyte with 0.7 wt.% NH4F and a small amount of H2O at 17 V for 2 hours by electrochemical anodization process in order to prepare Titania nanotube arrays at room temperature (~25 ºC), different water content was added to the electrolyte as a tube enhancing agent. The high density uniform arrays are prepared by using organized and well aligned these tubes. The average size of tube diameter, ranging from 57 to 92 nm which found it increases with increasing water content, and the length of the tube ranging from 2.76 to 4.12 µm, also found to increase with increasing water content and ranging in size of wall thickness from 23 to 35 nm. A possible growth mechanism is presented. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to study the structure and morphology of the Titania films.
Analisis Pengaruh Penambahan Penyulang Dan Pemisahan Beban Terhadap Susut Daya Menggunakan Metode Simple Branch Exchange (Studi Kasus PT PLN ULP Lima Puluh, Sumatera Utara)
Authors: Priyadi Irnanda , Haidi Junas , Sihotang Candra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDuring the distribution process there will be a loss of some of the energy that is channeled. This phenomenon is known as losses. This is caused by technical and non-technical factors. In the State Electricity Service (PLN) system, distribution losses or energy losses is calculated by measuring the difference between kWh produced and kWh sell. This kWh difference is the electrical energy lost during the starting process from the generation or secondary side of the Substation to customers’ APP. Cumulatively, the amount of kWh at all base sources is 73,769.524 kWh while the distribution loss that occurs in JTM is 5,835.008 or 7.91%. One way to overcome and minimize distribution losses in the 20 kV Procurement Service Unit (ULP) of Lima Puluh distribution system is to analyze the distribution network system, add new feeders and break the load on the electrical system. The simple branch exchange method is used to separate the network load, which is done by adding a switch by turning the on or off channel and searching for the configuration that produces the smallest power loss and calculating the power loss based on the network load. Based on the simulation results using the ETAP 12.6 software, the results of the energy loss of Procurement Service Unit (ULP) of Lima Puluh is 5,864,112 kWh then decreased after load separation of 4,341,348 kWh. The value of power loss before load separation is 1,955 kW and a decrease in power loss after load separation is 1,484.5 kW. The investment cost incurred for the construction of a new feeder is RP. 22,000,000,000,- with a payback of 9.9 years. Keywords: Feeder, Power Loss, Energy Loss, ETAP 12.6.
A importância do uso de fitoterápicos como prática alternativa ou complementar na atenção básica: revisão da literatura
Authors: Ferreira Ewerton Elivaldo , Carvalho Evellin dos Santos , Sant´Anna Carla de Castro 
Published: January 2022

As plantas medicinais vem sendo uma solução considerada nos problemas de saúde pública. A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) ressalta que até 80% da população de países em desenvolvimento confiam na Medicina Complementar ou Alternativa (MAC) em cuidados iniciais a saúde. Dessa forma, A pesquisa tem como objetivo descrever a importância do uso de fitoterápicos como tratamento alternativo e complementar na atenção básica. O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura com teor descritivo e de natureza qualitativa. Os dados para esse estudo foram obtidos nas bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scielo, Lilacs, medline e no diretório Google Acadêmico. Foram considerados estudos originais disponíveis e publicados na íntegra que abordassem a questão norteadora, entre os anos de 2000 e 2020; nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol. Resultados: Visando uma maior segurança e maior controle na utilização de medicamentos fitoterápicos, a ANVISA (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária), dispõe de várias resoluções que regulamentam a obtenção, qualidade e distribuição (venda) do fitoterápico. O Ministério da Saúde (MS) disponibiliza a utilização de 12 medicamentos fitoterápicos na rede pública de saúde e estes medicamentos estão diretamente relacionados ao tratamento de doenças na atenção básica como: hipercolesterolemia leve a moderada, queimaduras, inflamação, infecções, obstipação intestinal eventual, broncoespasmo e broncoconstrição. Vários estudos comprovam os benefícios dos fitoterápicos, principalmente de forma complementar para promoção e recuperação da saúde da população.
GLOSA SOBRE NATUREZA E HISTÓRIA
Authors: Souza Borzuk Cristiane 
Published: January 2022

Recebido: 31/10/2020
Aprovado: 07/08/2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é tecer algumas considerações sobre natureza e história. Partindo do pressuposto de que, em nossos dias, há uma tendência a atribuir a causas individuais, geralmente associadas a uma ‘natureza humana invariável’ ou a alterações físico-químicas, a origem de comportamentos considerados hostis ou incompatíveis com o estágio de desenvolvimento da sociedade atual, estas notas se propõem a discutir os conceitos de natureza e história e seu lugar na constituição individual. Trataremos a questão partindo de dois pontos. O primeiro, o desenvolvimento do indivíduo ao longo da civilização ocidental. O segundo, a partir do processo de socialização nas sociedades administradas. O referencial teórico e metodológico é a Teoria Crítica da Sociedade.
Palavras-chave: Natureza. História. Indivíduo. Teoria Crítica da Sociedade.
As revoltas na Baixa de Cassange e o direito à memória e história nas lutas de libertação de Angola:
Authors: Brito Silva Giselda 
Published: January 2022

Recebido: 05/07/2021
Aprovado: 29/10/2021
Neste trabalho procuramos discutir o direito à história e memória das populações da Baixa de Cassange nas lutas de libertação de Angola, enfocando três momentos históricos das revoltas na região, que têm sido objetos de questionamentos acerca de seus lugares nas comemorações da Independência de Angola, sendo eles: o 04 de janeiro, 04 de fevereiro e, principalmente, o 15 de março de 1961. Para discutir tais eventos, no ambiente colonial de Angola, no ano de 1961, consultamos uma variedade documental disponibilizada pelos arquivos digitais da Torre do Tombo, entre relatórios da PIDE, do Arquivo Oliveira Salazar, dos administradores da Cotonang, da administração colonial e de militares. Sobre a memória dos eventos em nossos dias, ouvimos depoimentos de antigos membros da UPA e das comunidades de Cassange, além de historiadores (as) de Angola, Portugal e Brasil, preocupados com as lacunas destes eventos na história de Angola.
Palavras-Chaves: Angola, Revoltas, Baixa de Cassange.
Impact of Air-Purifying Plants on the Reduction of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Indoor Hot Desert Climate
Authors: Al Qassimi Nahla , Jung Chuloh 
Published: January 2022

Due to hot desert weather, residents of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) spend 90% of their time indoors, and the interior environment of the newly built apartments with inappropriate material and ventilation is causing sick building syndrome (SBS), faster than in any other country. NASA studies on indoor air pollutants indicate that the usage of 15–18 air-purifying plants in 18–24 cm diameter containers can clean the air in an average 167.2 m2 house (approximately one plant per 9.2 m2). This study investigates the effect of three different types of air-purifying plants, Pachira aquatica, Ficus benjamina, and Aglaonema commutatum, in reducing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and formaldehyde (CH2O) in hot desert climate. An experiment is performed in which the CH2O and VOCs concentrations are measured in two laboratory spaces (Room 1 and Room 2). Different volumes (5 and 10% of the laboratory volume) of target plants are installed in Room 1, whereas Room 2 is measured under the same conditions without plants for comparison. The results show that the greater the planting volume (10%), the greater is the reduction effect of each VOCs. In summer in hot desert climate, the initial concentration (800 µg/cm3) of CH2O and VOCs is higher, and the reduction amount is higher (534.5 µg/cm3) as well. The reduction amount of CH2O and toluene (C7H8) is particularly high. In the case of C7H8, the reduction amount (45.9 µg/cm3) is higher in summer with Aglaonema commutatum and Ficus benjamina. It is statistically proven that Ficus benjamina is most effective in reducing CH2O and C7H8 in an indoor space in hot desert climate. The findings of this study can serve as basic data for further improving the indoor air quality using only air-purifying plants in hot desert climate of the United Arab Emirates.
Enabling Production of Algal Biofuels by Techno-Economic Optimization of Co-Product Suites
Authors: Kruger Jacob S. , Wiatrowski Matthew , Davis Ryan E. , Dong Tao , Knoshaug Eric P. , Nagle Nick J. , Laurens Lieve M. L. , Pienkos Philip T. 
Published: January 2022

Recent techno-economic analysis (TEA) has underscored that for algal biofuels to be cost competitive with petroleum fuels, co-products are necessary to offset the cost of fuel production. The co-product suite must scale with fuel production while also maximizing value from the non-fuel precursor components. The co-product suite also depends on algal biomass composition, which is highly dynamic and depends on environmental conditions during cultivation. Intentional shifts in composition during cultivation are often associated with reduced biomass productivity, which can increase feedstock production costs for the algae-based biorefinery. The optimal algae-based biorefinery configuration is thus a function of many factors. We have found that comprehensive TEA, which requires the construction of process models with detailed mass and energy balances, along with a complete accounting of capital and operating expenditures for a commercial-scale production facility, provides invaluable insight into the viability of a proposed biorefinery configuration. This insight is reflected in improved viability for one biorefining approach that we have developed over the last 10 years, namely, the Combined Algal Processing (CAP) approach. This approach fractionates algal biomass into carbohydrate-, lipid-, and protein-rich fractions, and tailors upgrading chemistry to the composition of each fraction. In particular, transitioning from valorization of only the lipids to a co-product suite from multiple components of high-carbohydrate algal biomass can reduce the minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) from more than $8/gallon of gasoline equivalent (GGE) to $2.50/GGE. This paper summarizes that progress and discusses several surprising implications in this optimization approach.
A Novel Multiple Risk Score Model for Prediction of Long-Term Ischemic Risk in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From the I-LOVE-IT 2 Trial
Authors: Qiu Miaohan , Li Yi , Na Kun , Qi Zizhao , Ma Sicong , Zhou He , Xu Xiaoming , Li Jing , Xu Kai , Wang Xiaozeng , Han Yaling 
Published: January 2022

Backgrounds: A plug-and-play standardized algorithm to identify the ischemic risk in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) could play a valuable step to help a wide spectrum of clinic workers. This study intended to investigate the ability to use the accumulation of multiple clinical routine risk scores to predict long-term ischemic events in patients with CAD undergoing PCI.Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the I-LOVE-IT 2 (Evaluate Safety and Effectiveness of the Tivoli drug-eluting stent (DES) and the Firebird DES for Treatment of Coronary Revascularization) trial, which was a prospective, multicenter, and randomized study. The Global Registry for Acute Coronary Events (GRACE), baseline Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX), residual SYNTAX, and age, creatinine, and ejection fraction (ACEF) score were calculated in all patients. Risk stratification was based on the number of these four scores that met the established thresholds for the ischemic risk. The primary end point was ischemic events at 48 months, defined as the composite of cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or definite/probable stent thrombosis (ST).Results: The 48-month ischemic events had a significant trend for higher event rates (from 6.61 to 16.93%) with an incremental number of risk scores presenting the higher ischemic risk from 0 to ≥3 (p trend &lt; 0.001). In addition, the categories were associated with increased risk for all components of ischemic events, including cardiac death (from 1.36 to 3.15%), myocardial infarction (MI) (from 3.31 to 9.84%), stroke (3.31 to 6.10%), definite/probable ST (from 0.58 to 1.97%), and all-cause mortality (from 2.14 to 6.30%) (all p trend &lt; 0.05). The net reclassification index after combined with four risk scores was 12.5% (5.3–20.0%), 9.4% (2.0–16.8%), 12.1% (4.5–19.7%), and 10.7% (3.3–18.1%), which offered statistically significant improvement in the performance, compared with SYNTAX, residual SYNTAX, ACEF, and GRACE score, respectively.Conclusion: The novel multiple risk score model was significantly associated with the risk of long-term ischemic events in these patients with an increment of scores. A meaningful improvement to predict adverse outcomes when multiple risk scores were applied to risk stratification.
Myocardial PD-L1 Expression in Patients With Ischemic and Non-ischemic Heart Failure
Authors: Kushnareva Ekaterina , Kushnarev Vladimir , Artemyeva Anna , Mitrofanova Lubov , Moiseeva Olga 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Immune checkpoints inhibitors are promising and wide-spread agents in anti-cancer therapy. However, despite their efficacy, these agents could cause cardiotoxicity, a rare but life-threatening event. In addition, there are still no well-described predictive factors for the development of immune-related adverse events and information on high risk groups. According to known experimental studies we hypothesized that cardiovascular diseases may increase myocardial PD-L1 expression, which could be an extra target for Checkpoint inhibitors and a potential basis for complications development.Methods: We studied patterns of myocardial PD-L1 expression in non-cancer-related cardiovascular diseases, particularly ischemic heart disease (n = 12) and dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 7), compared to patients without known cardiovascular diseases (n = 10) using mouse monoclonal anti-PD-L1 antibody (clone 22C3, 1:50, Dako). Correlation between immunohistochemical data and echocardiographic parameters was assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using R Statistical Software—R studio version 1.3.1093.Results: In the myocardium of cardiac patients, we found membranous, cytoplasmic, and endothelial expression of PD-L1 compared to control group. In samples from patients with a history of myocardial infarction, PD-L1 membrane and endothelial expression was more prominent and frequent, and cytoplasmic and intercalated discs staining was more localized. In contrast, samples from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy displayed very faint endothelial staining, negative membrane staining, and more diffuse PD-L1 expression in the cytoplasm and intercalated discs. In samples from the non-cardiac patients, no convincing PD-L1 expression was observed. Moreover, we discovered a significant negative correlation between PD-L1 expression level and left ventricular ejection fraction and a positive correlation between PD-L1 expression level and left ventricular end-diastolic volume.Conclusions: The present findings lay the groundwork for future experimental and clinical studies of the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in cardiovascular diseases. Further studies are required to find patients at potentially high risk of cardiovascular adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy.
Circular Network of Coregulated Sphingolipids Dictates Chronic Hypoxia Damage in Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Zhou Na , Liu Libao , Zou Rongjun , Zou Minghui , Zhang Mingxia , Cao Fan , Liu Wenhua , Yuan Huili , Huang Guodong , Ma Li , Chen Xinxin 
Published: January 2022

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic heart disease. However, the association of cardiac metabolic reprogramming changes and underlying molecular mechanisms in TOF-related chronic myocardial hypoxia damage are still unclear.Methods: In this study, we combined microarray transcriptomics analysis with liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) spectrum metabolomics analysis to establish the metabolic reprogramming that occurs in response to chronic hypoxia damage. Two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, GSE132176 and GSE141955, were downloaded to analyze the metabolic pathway in TOF. Then, a metabolomics analysis of the clinical samples (right atrial tissue and plasma) was performed. Additionally, an association analysis between differential metabolites and clinical phenotypes was performed. Next, four key genes related to sphingomyelin metabolism were screened and their expression was validated by real-time quantitative PCR (QT-PCR).Results: The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that sphingolipid metabolism was downregulated in TOF and the metabolomics analysis showed that multiple sphingolipids were dysregulated. Additionally, genes related to sphingomyelin metabolism were identified. We found that four core genes, UDP-Glucose Ceramide Glucosyltransferase (UGCG), Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Phosphatase 2 (SGPP2), Fatty Acid 2-Hydroxylase (FA2H), and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Phosphatase 1 (SGPP1), were downregulated in TOF.Conclusion: Sphingolipid metabolism was downregulated in TOF; however, the detailed mechanism needs further investigation.
Change in Computed Tomography-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve Across the Lesion Improve the Diagnostic Performance of Functional Coronary Stenosis
Authors: Yan Hankun , Gao Yang , Zhao Na , Geng Wenlei , Hou Zhihui , An Yunqiang , Zhang Jie , Lu Bin 
Published: January 2022

Aims: This study sought to evaluate the diagnostic performance of change in computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) across the lesion (ΔCT-FFR) for identifying ischemia lesions with FFR as the reference standard.Methods: Patients who underwent coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and FFR measurement within 1 week from December 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively enrolled. CT-FFR within 2 cm distal to the lesion, ΔCT-FFR and plaque characteristics were analyzed. The diagnostic accuracy of CCTA (coronary stenosis ≥ 50%), CT-FFR ≤ 0.80, and ΔCT-FFR ≥ 0.15 (based on the largest Youden index) were assessed with FFR as the reference standard. The relationship between plaque characteristics and ΔCT-FFR was analyzed.Results: The specificity of ΔCT-FFR and CT-FFR were 70.8 and 67.4%, respectively, which were both higher than CCTA (39.3%) (both P &lt; 0.001), while there were no statistical significance in sensitivity among the three (84.5, 77.4, 88.1%, respectively; P = 0.08). The area under the curves (AUCs) of ΔCT-FFR and CT-FFR were 0.803 and 0.743, respectively, which were both higher than that of CCTA (0.637) (both P &lt; 0.05), and the AUC of ΔCT-FFR was higher than that of CT-FFR (P &lt; 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that low-attenuation plaque (LAP) volume (odds ratio [OR], 1.006) and plaque length (OR, 1.021) were independently correlated with ΔCT-FFR (both P &lt; 0.05).Conclusions: CT-FFR and ΔCT-FFR and here especially the ΔCT-FFR could improve the diagnostic performance of ischemia compared with CCTA alone. LAP volume and plaque length were the independent risk factors of ΔCT-FFR.