bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subjective sleep complaints were associated with painful temporomandibular disorders in adolescents: The Epidor‐Adolescere study
Authors: Fernandes Giovana , van Selms Maurits K. A. , Lobbezoo Frank , Aarab Ghizlane , do Braido Guilherme Vinícius Vale , Campi Leticia Bueno , Jordani Paula Cristina , de Gonçalves Daniela Aparecida Godoi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSleep disturbances in adolescents has received a lot of attention in the literature and it is recognised as a serious health concern. The association between pain and sleep disturbances in adolescents has been extensively studied. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of studies investigating the association between various subjective sleep variables and painful TMD in adolescents.Objectivesto investigate the association between painful TMD and subjective sleep variables in adolescents' non‐clinical sample. We conducted a cross‐sectional study. TMD was classified according to the RDC/TMD criteria. The Revised Face Scale evaluated TMD pain intensity, and pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were assessed in trigeminal and extra‐trigeminal areas. The subjective sleep variables were assessed according to the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children and Sleep Behaviour Questionnaire.ResultsThe final sample consisted of 690 adolescents (12.7 ± 0.76 years), with 16.2% of them presenting painful TMD. Adolescents who frequently reported waking up more than twice per night and feeling tired when awake were more likely to present painful TMD symptoms [OR = 1.7 (95% CI: 1.04–2.90); p = .034 and OR = 1.6 (95% CI: 1.01–2.48); p = .046, respectively]. The intensity of TMD pain was negatively associated with sleep quality (p = .015). Also, PPT values in the trigeminal and extra‐trigeminal areas were negatively associated with total sleep time (p = .048 and p = .042, respectively).ConclusionsThe present results point out the importance of considering sleep complaints associated with painful TMD in adolescents.
Examining Hindu Ethics: The ThreeYogas inBhāgavata PurāṇaCommentaries
Authors: Edelmann Jonathan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe object of this article is pre‐colonial Hindu ways of distinguishing “the path of devotion” (bhakti‐yoga) from “the path of knowledge” (jñāna‐yoga) and “the path of work” (karma‐yoga). It highlights how a developing religious group in early modern India explained and justified its path—its ethics, its ritual, its theology—while in conversation with the larger Brahminical tradition out of which it was emerging. I argue that early authors in the Chaitanya Vaishnava tradition such as Sanātana (c.1475–1554), Rūpa (c.1480–1554), Jīva (c.1510–1606), and Viśvanātha (fl. c.1650–1712) used the authority of theBhāgavata‐Purāṇato elevate devotion to an ethical imperative by including and excluding the behaviors and the motives of the older and well‐established paths like knowledge, works, and Patañjali’s yoga. Their ethics is connected to an ontology of god’s being in which the path of devotion is uniquely effective in revealing god’s being and uniquely salvific the among paths. I argue this discourse on the three paths is a type of Hindu ethics, but it is unclear how it might be reconstructed in rational terms to deal with contemporary issues and that its primary innovation for the time was the uncoupling of ethics from the caste system.
The Varied Trajectories of Engaged Buddhism: New Works on Buddhist Environmental Ethics, Interdependence, and Racial Karma
Authors: Locke Jessica 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis book discussion reads three works in contemporary Buddhist social ethics alongside one another: Ogyen Trinley Dorje’sInterconnected, David Loy’sEcodharma,and Larry Ward’sAmerica’s Racial Karma. Each of these works contributes to the subfield of engaged Buddhism, which aims to bring Buddhist value theory to contemporary social and political issues in order to effect social change. The rapid development of engaged Buddhism constitutes a particularly rich moment in the history of Buddhist thought, as Buddhist ethics is showing itself to be actively in process—a tradition in the midst of rapid transformation, revision, and cross‐cultural application. This book discussion interrogates these three works with that metaphilosophical and historiographical issue in mind, analyzing the particular ways in which they contribute to challenging and reshaping the traditional contours of Buddhist ethics into a contemporary social and political register. In exemplifying the approaches of translation, extending, and applying, these works demonstrate the creative and experimental moment in which Buddhist social ethics finds itself today. Such adaptations of the Buddhist tradition are historiographically significant as innovations, while also of a piece with Buddhism’s history of intercultural transmission.
The Implied Imperative: Poetry as Ethics in the Proverbs of the Tirukkuṟaḷ
Authors: Smith Jason W. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThe Tirukkuṟaḷ is a text of Tamil proverbs that circulates widely in South India today. While the first two sections of the text contain practical pieces of ethical advice, the third section contains an extended love poem. This variation in content has resulted in a dichotomous view of the text in which ethics and poetry are viewed as fundamentally distinct. This paper blurs the distinction between ethics and poetry by showing how the poetic form of the Tirukkuṟaḷ's proverbs not only enhances the text's ethical message but also participates in the ethical formation of the text's audience. Building on Geoffrey Galt Harpham's notion of sub‐ethics, I argue that the Tirukkuṟaḷ uses three literary strategies—metaphor, inference, and suspense—to engage the audience in modes of “sub‐ethical” reflection by raising ethical questions and framing ethical choices.
Melatonin mediates reactive oxygen species homeostasis via SlCV to regulate leaf senescence in tomato plants
Authors: Yu Jun‐Chi , Lu Jia‐Zhi , Cui Xiao‐Yu , Guo Lei , Wang Zhi‐Jun , Liu Yu‐Dong , Wang Feng , Qi Ming‐Fang , Liu Yu‐Feng , Li Tian‐Lai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMelatonin (MT) functions in removing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and delaying plant senescence, thereby acting as an antioxidant; however, the molecular mechanism underlying the specific action of MT is unclear. Herein, we used the mutant plants carrying the MT decomposition gene melatonin 3‐hydroxylase (M3H) in tomato to elucidate the specific mechanism of action of MT. SlM3H‐OE accelerated senescence by decreasing the content of endogenous MT in plants. SlM3H is a senescence‐related gene that positively regulates aging. MT inhibited the expression of the senescence‐related gene SlCV to scavenge ROS, induced stable chloroplast structure, and delayed leaf senescence. Simultaneously, MT weakened the interaction between SlCV and SlPsbO/SlCAT3, reduced ROS production in photosystem II, and promoted ROS elimination. In conclusion, MT regulates ROS homeostasis and delays leaf aging in tomato plants through SlCV expression modulation.
The predictive power of insomnia symptoms on other aspects of mental health during the COVID‐19 pandemic: a longitudinal study
Authors: Werner Gabriela G. , Cludius Barbara , Sckopke Philipp , Stefan Angelika , Schönbrodt Felix , Zygar‐Hoffmann Caroline 
Published: May 2022

SummarySymptoms of insomnia are an important risk factor for the development of mental disorders, especially during stressful life periods such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. However, up to now, most studies have used cross‐sectional data, and the prolonged impact of insomnia symptoms during the pandemic on later mental health remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated insomnia symptoms as a predictor of other aspects of mental health across 6 months, with altogether seven assessments (every 30 days, t0–t6), in a community sample (N = 166–267). Results showed no mean‐level increase of insomnia symptoms and/or deterioration of mental health between baseline assessment (t0) and the 6‐ month follow‐up (t6). As preregistered, higher insomnia symptoms (between persons) across all time points predicted reduced mental health at the 6‐month follow‐up. Interestingly, contrary to our hypothesis, higher insomnia symptoms at 1 month, within each person (i.e., compared to that person's symptoms at other time points), predicted improved rather than reduced aspects of mental health 1 month later. Hence, we replicated the predictive effect of averagely increased insomnia symptoms on impaired later mental health during the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, we were surprised that increased insomnia symptoms at 1 month predicted aspects of improved mental health 1 month later. This unexpected effect might be specific for our study population and a consequence of our study design. Overall, increased insomnia symptoms may have served as a signal to engage in, and successfully implement, targeted countermeasures, which led to better short‐term mental health in this healthy sample.
A potential early clinical phenotype of necrotizing meningoencephalitis in genetically at‐risk pug dogs
Authors: Windsor Rebecca , Stewart Samuel , Schmidt Jessica , Mosqueda Mario , Piras Ignazio , Keller Stefan M. , Steinmetz Briana , Borjesson Dori L. , Huentelman Matthew , Khanna Chand 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundNecrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME) in the pug dogs is a fatal neuroinflammatory disease associated with rapid progression and poor response to conventional immunosuppressive therapy. Diagnosis is typically made after severe neurological abnormalities have manifested.Hypothesis/ObjectivePug dogs at genetic risk for NME might manifest neurological abnormalities before developing pathognomonic clinical signs of NME.AnimalsThirty‐six pug dogs less than 4 years of age asymptomatic for NME.MethodsProspective observational cohort study with germline genome‐wide genotyping. Neurological examinations were performed 4 weeks apart to document reproducible findings of central nervous system disease. Magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and testing for infectious diseases were performed in all pugs with reproducible abnormalities detected on neurological examination.ResultsThe overall risk allele frequency in this cohort was 40%; 5 (14%) dogs were high risk, 19 (53%) dogs were medium risk, and 12 (33%) dogs were low genetic risk for NME. Reproducible abnormalities detected on neurological examination were identified in 8/24 (33%) genetically at‐risk dogs and 0/12 (0%) low risk dogs. Clinical abnormalities included multifocal spinal pain in 8/8, reduced menace response in 5/8, and lateralizing postural reaction deficits in 5/8 pugs. There was a strong association between genotype risk and the presence of this clinical phenotype (P = .03).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOur findings suggest the presence of a novel early clinical phenotype of NME in apparently asymptomatic genetically at‐risk pugs which might be used to plan early diagnostic and therapeutic clinical trials.
Lymphoma in Miniature Dachshunds: A retrospective multicenter study of 108 cases (2006‐2018) in Japan
Authors: Rimpo Kenji , Hirabayashi Miyuki , Tanaka Aki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMiniature Dachshunds (MD) are predisposed to lymphoma with disease onset of young age and long‐term survival.ObjectivesTo compare clinical features and survival time of lymphoma in MD and non‐MD.AnimalsOne hundred and eight MDs with lymphoma and 149 non‐MD breed dogs with lymphoma were included in the study.MethodsThis was a retrospective multicenter observational study. Lymphoma was classified based on signalment, histopathology/cytology, and anatomical site of the disease. For each type of lymphoma, median survival time was analyzed by Kaplan‐Meier estimates and life table analysis. Prognostic factors for large‐cell gastrointestinal lymphoma (LGIL) were analyzed using Cox regression.ResultsGastrointestinal lymphomas were more common in MDs (53/108) compared to non‐MDs (41/149). The multicentric lymphoma was most common in non‐MD breed dogs (74/149) compared to MDs (33/108). The median age that dog developed lymphoma in MD and non‐MD were both 10 years old; however, lymphomas were more frequently observed in younger dogs (<4 years) in MDs (20/108) compared to non‐MDs (9/149; P = .002). Seventy percent were diagnosed with B‐cell with median age of diagnosis was 3 (1‐14) years. Mott cell differentiation was observed in 6 dogs. Age <4 years and B‐cell phenotype were significant factors for longer survival time in MD with LGIL.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceLymphomas in MDs involved gastrointestinal lesions at higher frequency compared to other dog breeds examined. B‐cell lymphoma was more common in early‐onset LGIL in MD and cases that involved Mott cell differentiation were observed. Awareness of this specific presentation of lymphoma in dogs will possibly affect the treatment decision process for the owners of MD with LGIL.
Globalising the study of language variation and change: A manifesto on cross‐cultural sociolinguistics
Authors: Adli Aria , Guy Gregory R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSociolinguistic study of variation and change has a long‐standing bias towards speech communities in Western and especially Anglophone societies. We argue that our field requires a much wider scope for variation studies, which puts more emphasis on culturally contextualised social meaning in the full range of human societies. The pursuit of understanding, generalizations, and even universals in the study of the social life of human language demands a global empirical base. In a meta‐analysis of studies appearing in major sociolinguistic journals and conferences, we find little broadening of the language and cultural scope in the last 30 years. English alone and a few Western societies continually account for the great majority of studies. We propose several ways for going forward: testing and rethinking existing theories using data from understudied languages and regions, engaging with sociolinguistic scholarship in languages other than English, learning from other disciplines that incorporate cross‐cultural approaches, engaging the dimensions of social organization and practice instantiated in cultures of the Global South, and moving towards research designs that compare different places and languages.
Genomic structural plasticity of rodent‐associated Bartonella in nature
Authors: de Sousa Keyla Carstens Marques , Gutiérrez Ricardo , Yahalomi Dayana , Shalit Tali , Markus Barak , Nachum‐Biala Yaarit , Hawlena Hadas , Marcos‐Hadad Evgeniya , Hazkani‐Covo Einat , de Rezende Neves Haroldo Henrique , Covo Shay , Harrus Shimon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRodent‐associated Bartonella species have shown a remarkable genetic diversity and pathogenic potential. To further explore the extent of the natural intraspecific genomic variation and its potential role as an evolutionary driver, we focused on a single genetically diverse Bartonella species, Bartonella krasnovii, which circulates among gerbils and their associated fleas. Twenty genomes from 16 different B. krasnovii genotypes were fully characterized through a genome sequencing assay (using short and long read sequencing), pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and PCR validation. Genomic analyses were performed in comparison to the B. krasnovii strain OE 1–1. While, single nucleotide polymorphism represented only a 0.3% of the genome variation, structural diversity was identified in these genomes, with an average of 51 ± 24 structural variation (SV) events per genome. Interestingly, a large proportion of the SVs (>40%) was associated with prophages. Further analyses revealed that most of the SVs, and prophage insertions were found at the chromosome replication termination site (ter), suggesting this site as a plastic zone of the B. krasnovii chromosome. Accordingly, six genomes were found to be unbalanced, and essential genes near the ter showed a shift between the leading and lagging strands, revealing the SV effect on these genomes. In summary, our findings demonstrate the extensive genomic diversity harbored by wild B. krasnovii strains and suggests that its diversification is initially promoted by structural changes, probably driven by phages. These events may constantly feed the system with novel genotypes that ultimately lead to inter‐ and intraspecies competition and adaptation.
Host genomic influence on bacterial composition in the switchgrass rhizosphere
Authors: Sutherland Jeremy , Bell Terrence , Trexler Ryan V. , Carlson John E. , Lasky Jesse R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHost genetic variation can shape the diversity and composition of associated microbiomes, which may reciprocally influence host traits and performance. While the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity of plant populations in nature has been studied, comparatively little research has investigated the genetics of host effects on their associated microbiomes. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a highly outcrossing, perennial, grass species with substantial locally adaptive diversity across its native North American range. Here, we compared 383 switchgrass accessions in a common garden to determine the host genotypic influence on rhizosphere bacterial composition. We hypothesized that the composition and diversity of rhizosphere bacterial assemblages would differentiate due to genotypic differences between hosts (potentially due to root phenotypes and associated life history variation). We observed higher alpha diversity of bacteria associated with upland ecotypes and tetraploids, compared to lowland ecotypes and octoploids, respectively. Alpha diversity correlated negatively with flowering time and plant height, indicating that bacterial composition varies along switchgrass life history axes. Narrow‐sense heritability (h2) of the relative abundance of 21 core bacterial families was observed. Overall compositional differences among tetraploids, due to genetic variation, supports widespread genotypic influence on the rhizosphere microbiome. Tetraploids were only considered due to complexities associated with the octoploid genomes. Lastly, a genome‐wide association study identified 1861 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms associated with 110 families and genes containing them related to potential regulatory functions. Our findings suggest that switchgrass genomic and life‐history variation influences bacterial composition in the rhizosphere, potentially due to host adaptation to local environments.
UK Nutrition Research Partnership ‘Hot Topic’ workshop: Vitamin D—A multi‐disciplinary approach to (1) elucidate its role in human health and (2) develop strategies to improve vitamin D status in the UK population
Authors: Lanham‐New Susan A. , Buttriss Judith L. , Gibson‐Moore Helena , Staines Katherine A. , Webb Ann R. , Cashman Kevin D. , Hewison Martin , Martineau Adrian R. , Smith Colin P. , Butler‐Laporte Guillaume , Bouillon Roger 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVitamin D is truly unique—not a ‘vital’ amine in the true sense of the word, but rather a prohormone, which is produced in the skin during exposure to sunlight (UVB radiation at 290–315 nm) and which can also be obtained from food and from supplements. A high prevalence of low vitamin D status has been reported across the world in a wide range of population groups, and this includes communities living in low latitude areas despite the abundance of sunlight. It is accepted that vitamin D status is reflected by the level of the circulating metabolite 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), which is produced by hepatic hydroxylation of vitamin D, derived either from the skin from UV exposure or the gut from oral intake. Vitamin D has been associated with a wide range of health outcomes, but controversies remain as to their exact nature and extent and whether associations are in the causal pathway. In order to enable wider discussions on this nutrient, a ‘Hot Topic’ Vitamin D Workshop achieved funding from the UK Nutrition Research Partnership Medical Research Council call. The objectives of the workshop were (1) to elucidate the role of vitamin D in human health and (2) develop strategies to improve vitamin D status in the UK population. This paper provides a detailed resume of the discussions of the workshop; of the presentations and concomitant Q&As; and of identified areas for future research.
Clinical efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil versus levamisole therapy in frequently relapsing and steroid dependent childhood nephrotic syndrome – A retrospective comparative analysis
Authors: Sharma Sonia , Kalra Suprita , Shukla Shubham , Sharma Peeyush 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildren with frequently relapsing (FR) or steroid dependent (SD) nephrotic syndrome (NS) often develop side effects of corticosteroids. Various steroid‐sparing agents are in practice, but only a few studies exist so far which have compared the safety and efficacy of these two commonly used agents.MethodsWe did a retrospective medical records review of children with FRNS or SDNS who had levamisole or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as a steroid‐sparing agent with a minimum follow‐up period of 12 months. The aim was to compare the course of our patients on MMF and levamisole. Our primary objective was to determine the number of children in sustained remission and those with the infrequently relapsing course on levamisole and MMF and, the median time to relapse in months in the two groups. The secondary objective was to compare time to first relapse and number of relapses in FRNS and SDNS group children on MMF and levamisole.ResultsA total of 88 children (34% female) with diagnosis FR/SDNS (44 each) were included in the study. Thirty‐nine patients took levamisole, while 49 received MMF therapy. The median age of presentation at the relapsing course was 4.2 years. The proportion of children with sustained remission or infrequent relapsing (IFR) course on MMF was 73.6%, compared to 48.71% on levamisole (p‐value .015). In addition, the median time to first relapse was 12 months (24, 1.5) and 4.5 months (24, 1) on respective medications.ConclusionClinical outcome was superior in the MMF group than levamisole, especially in SDNS patients, and also MMF was more efficacious in maintaining sustained remission.