bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Data Resolution on Tracking Southern Ocean Cyclones
Authors: Zhong Rui , Yang Qinghua , Hodges Kevin , Wu Renhao , Chen Dake 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The ERA5 new generation of high-resolution reanalysis provides a possibility to obtain more accurate cyclone tracks in the Southern Ocean. With a commonly used cyclone tracking algorithm, this study evaluates the impact of data resolution on Southern Ocean cyclone tracks for the period from 1980 to 2020 by preprocessing the ERA5 dataset at different spatial and temporal resolutions. A new track-matching method is proposed to assure an accurate comparison of different track datasets, considering the multiple match pairs and best match pair for each track. It is found that the number, distribution, and characteristics of cyclones are considerably different for various resolution scenarios. The higher spatial resolution captures more tracks, while the increased temporal resolution decreases the number, as well as the lifetime and the moving distance of tracks. The shared cyclones of different track datasets show different characteristics, influenced by both spatial and temporal resolutions. Higher spatial resolution schemes tend to identify more additional track points after the overlapping time of shared tracks rather than before. The spatial distribution pattern of additional track points is consistent when increasing temporal or spatial resolution separately. These results are a reference for the application of objective tracking algorithms in the Southern Ocean using input data with higher resolution.

Significance Statement
Automatic tracking algorithms are important tools for the research of cyclones and their associated weather phenomena. High-resolution input data are available now for cyclone tracking but it also brings more noise that may affect the results. The problem can be solved by a preprocess (smoothing) process using suitable spatial and temporal resolutions. This study compared the features of Southern Ocean cyclones obtained by different spatial and temporal resolution schemes. We further study the shared cyclones in different track datasets with a new track-matching method and discuss the different impacts of spatial and temporal resolution, as well as provide a reference for the application and improvement of cyclone tracking in the future.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on National Institutes of Health–Funded Researchers and Their Projects: The Role of Age, Sex, Experience, and Team Size
Authors: Burnett Wendy J. , Agbali Raphael , Silva Jeane , De Leo Gianluca 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the social life, work environment, and well-being of millions of people. We examined COVID-19’s impact on National Institutes of Health (NIH)–funded extramural principal investigators (PIs) affiliated with public health and preventive medicine departments across the country and their projects; assessed PIs’ confidence in achieving project goals; and investigated the role of age, sex, experience, and team size on PIs’ confidence in achieving project goals during the pandemic. Methods: We sent an anonymous online survey in January 2021 to 1076 extramural PIs affiliated with public health and preventive medicine departments at US institutions; 133 (12.4%) responded. We examined the impact of COVID-19 on the PIs, their project team operations, and their confidence that project objectives would be met, using Likert scales based on age, sex, team size, and PI experience. Results: Of 126 PIs, 94 (74.6%) felt that their day-to-day professional life was impacted a lot or a great deal by COVID-19. More female PIs than male PIs reported that their level of stress changed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Of 125 PIs, 67 (53.6%) made major adjustments to research operations, 46 (36.8%) made minor adjustments, 5 (4.0%) halted research, and 7 (5.6%) reported not being affected. Of 123 PIs, 89 (72.4%) reported not using NIH COVID-19 accommodations. PIs who led projects 4 or 5 times felt more confident about meeting their research objectives than PIs who led projects 2 or 3 times. Conclusions: Future studies should investigate how to develop more engaging support and communication strategies to assist NIH researchers in mitigating the effects of pandemics or large-scale emergencies.
Cognitive Performance and Psychiatric Self-Reports Across Adult Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome and ADHD Diagnostic Groups
Authors: Cerny Brian M. , Reynolds Tristan P. , Chang Fini , Scimeca Lauren M. , Phillips Matthew S. , Ogram Buckley Caitlin M. , Leib Sophie I. , Resch Zachary J. , Pliskin Neil H. , Soble Jason R. 
Published: November 2022

Objective: Cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) is characterized by inattention, under-arousal, and fatigue and frequently co-occurs with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although CDS is associated with cognitive complaints, its association with objective cognitive performance is less well understood. Method: This study investigated neuropsychological correlates of CDS symptoms among 169 adults ( Mage = 29.4) referred for outpatient neuropsychological evaluation following inattention complaints. We evaluated cognitive and self-report differences across four high/low CDS and positive/negative ADHD groups, and cognitive and self-report correlates of CDS symptomology. Results: There were no differences in cognitive performance, significant differences in self-reported psychiatric symptoms (greater CDS symptomatology, impulsivity among the high CDS groups; greater inattention among the positive ADHD/high CDS groups; greater hyperactivity among the positive ADHD groups), significant intercorrelations within cognitive and self-report measures, nonsignificant correlations between cognitive measures and self-report measures. Conclusion: Findings support prior work demonstrating weak to null associations between ADHD and CDS symptoms and cognitive performance among adults.
Innovative Approach for a Typology of Treatment Sequences in Early Stage HER2 Positive Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Trastuzumab in the French National Hospital Database
Authors: Tredan Olivier , Laurent Marie , Gilberg Melina , Ghorbal Rim , Vainchtock Alexandre , Lortet-Tieulent Joannie , Prodel Martin , Dupin Julien 
Published: November 2022

Background: Our objective was to describe the hospital-based systemic treatment sequences in early stage HER2+ breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab in France in 2016. Methods: This retrospective observational study was based on the national hospital discharge database (PMSI). Patients hospitalized for breast cancer in 2016 and administration of trastuzumab between 6 months prior and 1 year after surgery were included. The following treatments were identified: (1) trastuzumab ± chemotherapy; (2) chemotherapy alone; (3) q3w trastuzumab weekly chemotherapy. Hospital admissions for cardiac events before and after the surgery were investigated. An unsupervised machine learning technic called TAK (Time-sequence Analysis through K-clustering) was used to identify and visualize typical systemic treatment sequences. Results: Overall, 3531 patients were included: 2619 adjuvant cohort patients (74.2%) and 912 neoadjuvant cohort patients (25.8%). The mean age was 56.4 years (±12.3), 99.7% patients were female. Treatment initiation occurred within 6 weeks of the surgery in 58% and 92% of patients, and trastuzumab treatment lasted 12 months (±1 month) in 75% and 66% of patients in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant cohorts, respectively. Nevertheless, 12% and 22% of patients were treated with trastuzumab for <11 months in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant cohorts, respectively. There was not one standard sequence of treatments per cohort, but 4 and 3 typical treatment sequences in the adjuvant and the neoadjuvant cohorts, respectively, plus 2 treatment sequences with an early treatment withdrawal. The frequency of patients with ⩾1 hospital stay with a cardiac event was higher among patients with an early treatment withdrawal. Conclusions: The treatment sequences of most patients were in line with the recommendations in force. The machine learning approach provided a telling visual display of the results, thereby allowing healthcare professionals, health authorities, patients, and care givers to see the whole picture of the hospital-administered drug strategies.
Renal intravascular shockwave lithotripsy in complex mono Ch-EVAR
Authors: Iacono G , Bressan M , Turicchia GU 
Published: November 2022

Background Our objective is to present the Peripheral Intravascular Lithotripsy (IVL) System in the treatment of calcific renal artery stenosis (RAS) during Chimney Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (Ch-EVAR). The Ch-EVAR technique is a bail out procedure in treating aortic aneurysms with challenging anatomy regarding the proximal sealing zone. RAS typically involves varying degrees of calcification, and final treatment can be fraught with risk of vessel’s damages and suboptimal results, particularly when renal angioplasty represents the only feasible course of action in Ch-EVAR. Method We present a case of a patient with a complex juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm and a pre-obstructive chalky stenosis of the right renal artery who underwent mono ChEVAR associated to visceral Intravascular Lithotripsy shockwave angioplasty. Conclusion IVL is an attractive modality for the treatment of challenging, heavily calcified renal arteries that combines the calcium-disrupting capability of lithotripsy with the familiarity of balloon catheters to facilitate proper stent deployment. Result We propose the IVL system as an additional tool in the vascular surgeon’s armamentarium not only to obtain large-bore access to enable Transaortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) and EVAR but also to perform angioplasty of severely calcified visceral arteries during Ch-EVAR.
The Use of a Personalized 3D Printed Model for Pre-Operative Education in Patients with Severe Periarticular Foot and Ankle Fractures
Authors: Antoniades Stephanie , Adamczyk Andrew , Nessek Hamid , Meulenkamp Brad , Karl-Andre R. Lalonde 
Published: November 2022

Category: Trauma; Other Introduction/Purpose: Complex periarticular foot and ankle fractures have shown to have significant psychosocial effects on patients such as developing catastrophizing behaviours and poor pain coping strategies. These factors have shown to influence patient satisfaction. Interestingly, a positive association exists between patient satisfaction and preoperative expectations being met. For patient expectations to be met, clear comprehensive preoperative education is required. 3D printing has gained popularity due to its benefits in preoperative planning as well as patient education. Our aims were to 1) investigate the impact of a personalized 3D printed model for patient education on pre- and post-operative expectations and overall satisfaction and 2) investigate the impact of this teaching modality on PROMS and their correlation to patient expectation and satisfaction. Methods: Twenty-eight patients presenting complex periarticular foot and ankle fractures (pilon, talus and calcaneus) were randomized to either control or intervention (3D). All patients underwent a preoperative standardized education session with or without a personalized 3D printed model. Patient expectation and satisfaction were quantified pre- and postoperatively using the MODEMS questionnaires while the following PROMs (VAS and SF-12) were assessed at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months post-operatively. Results: No significant differences were found between groups for MODEMS pre- (p=0.329) and postoperative expectation (p=0.654), and satisfaction (p=0.411). While not statistically significant, there was a trend towards expectations being better met in the intervention group when compared to the control group (31.2% vs 43.5% respectively). Also, there were no significant differences between groups for VAS and SF-12 at different time points, expect for SF-12 at 3 months for physical component only. A strong positive correlation (0.905, p=0.013) was found between MODEMS preoperative expectation and VAS scores at 12 months in the intervention group. Conclusion: Although there were no significant differences found between groups for pre- and postoperative patient expectation and overall satisfaction at 12 months, there is a trend towards expectations being better met in the intervention group. This could indicate that lower and more realistic expectations are set preoperatively when educating patients using a 3D model. Expectations preoperatively are strongly correlated with pain scores at 12 months in the intervention group demonstrating an association with realistic expectations and improved pain scores when a 3D model was used. Thus, personalized 3D printed education is a non- invasive tool that may impact pain coping strategies post-operatively.
Genomic trajectories of a near-extinction event in the Chatham Island black robin
Authors: von Seth Johanna , van der Valk Tom , Lord Edana , Sigeman Hanna , Olsen Remi-André , Knapp Michael , Kardailsky Olga , Robertson Fiona , Hale Marie , Houston Dave , Kennedy Euan , Dalén Love , Norén Karin , Massaro Melanie , Robertson Bruce C. , Dussex Nicolas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Understanding the micro-­evolutionary response of populations to demographic declines is a major goal in evolutionary and conservation biology. In small populations, genetic drift can lead to an accumulation of deleterious mutations, which will increase the risk of extinction. However, demographic recovery can still occur after extreme declines, suggesting that natural selection may purge deleterious mutations, even in extremely small populations. The Chatham Island black robin (Petroica traversi) is arguably the most inbred bird species in the world. It avoided imminent extinction in the early 1980s and after a remarkable recovery from a single pair, a second population was established and the two extant populations have evolved in complete isolation since then. Here, we analysed 52 modern and historical genomes to examine the genomic consequences of this extreme bottleneck and the subsequent translocation.

Results
We found evidence for two-fold decline in heterozygosity and three- to four-fold increase in inbreeding in modern genomes. Moreover, there was partial support for temporal reduction in total load for detrimental variation. In contrast, compared to historical genomes, modern genomes showed a significantly higher realised load, reflecting the temporal increase in inbreeding. Furthermore, the translocation induced only small changes in the frequency of deleterious alleles, with the majority of detrimental variation being shared between the two populations.

Conclusion
Our results highlight the dynamics of mutational load in a species that recovered from the brink of extinction, and show rather limited temporal changes in mutational load. We hypothesise that ancestral purging may have been facilitated by population fragmentation and isolation on several islands for thousands of generations and may have already reduced much of the highly deleterious load well before human arrival and introduction of pests to the archipelago. The majority of fixed deleterious variation was shared between the modern populations, but translocation of individuals with low mutational load could possibly mitigate further fixation of high-frequency deleterious variation.
Vaginal microbiota in women with spontaneous preterm labor versus those with term labor in Kenya: a case control study
Authors: Gulavi Edgar , Mwendwa Fridah , Atandi David O. , Okiro Patricia O. , Hall Michael , Beiko Robert G. , Adam Rodney D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Preterm birth is a global problem with about 12% of births in sub-Saharan Africa occurring before 37 weeks of gestation. Several studies have explored a potential association between vaginal microbiota and preterm birth, and some have found an association while others have not. We performed a study designed to determine whether there is an association with vaginal microbiota and/or placental microbiota and preterm birth in an African setting.

Methods
Women presenting to the study hospital in labor with a gestational age of 26 to 36 weeks plus six days were prospectively enrolled in a study of the microbiota in preterm labor along with controls matched for age and parity. A vaginal sample was collected at the time of presentation to the hospital in active labor. In addition, a placental sample was collected when available. Libraries were constructed using PCR primers to amplify the V6/V7/V8 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene, followed by sequencing with an Illumina MiSeq machine and analysis using QIIME2 2022.2.

Results
Forty-nine women presenting with preterm labor and their controls were enrolled in the study of which 23 matched case–control pairs had sufficient sequence data for comparison. Lactobacillus was identified in all subjects, ranging in abundance from < 1% to > 99%, with Lactobacillus iners and Lactobacillus crispatus the most common species. Over half of the vaginal samples contained Gardnerella and/or Prevotella; both species were associated with preterm birth in previous studies. However, we found no significant difference in composition between mothers with preterm and those with full-term deliveries, with both groups showing roughly equal representation of different Lactobacillus species and dysbiosis-associated genera. Placental samples generally had poor DNA recovery, with a mix of probable sequencing artifacts, contamination, and bacteria acquired during passage through the birth canal. However, several placental samples showed strong evidence for the presence of Streptococcus species, which are known to infect the placenta.

Conclusions
The current study showed no association of preterm birth with composition of the vaginal community. It does provide important information on the range of sequence types in African women and supports other data suggesting that women of African ancestry have an increased frequency of non-Lactobacillus types, but without evidence of associated adverse outcomes.
Poly-γ-glutamic acid promoted maize root development by affecting auxin signaling pathway and the abundance and diversity of rhizosphere microbial community
Authors: Ma Haizhen , Li Panpan , Xiao Ning , Xia Tao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The root systems of higher plants play an important role in plant growth and development. In our present study, it was found that poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), an environmentally friendly biomacromolecule, significantly improved root development in maize.

Results
After treatment with γ-PGA for 7 days, the fresh weight of maize roots was significantly increased and the differences between γ-PGA treated group and control group were mainly caused by the number (higher by 71.87% compared to the control) and length of lateral roots. RNAseq and RT-PCR analyses showed that γ-PGA treatment upregulated the expression of genes related to the synthesis of auxins and auxin signal in maize roots. In addition, γ-PGA promoted the accumulation of plant growth-promoting bacteria, such as Azospirillum, Azohydromonas, Ramlibacter, and Sphingobium (Proteobacteria), Streptomyces (Actinobacteria), Parasegetibacter (Bacteroidetes), and Gemmatimonas (Gemmatimonadetes) in rhizosphere soil and the secretion of auxins. The results of this study deepened our understanding of the effects and mechanism of γ-PGA on maize root development, and as well as highlighted the possibility of using γ-PGA to improve crop growth and soil environment.

Conclusions
γ-PGA promotes early growth and development of maize roots by inducing the secretion and accumulation of auxin in roots and in rhizosphere soil, and increasing the abundance of plant growth promoting bacteria.
Construction of an SNP fingerprinting database and population genetic analysis of 329 cauliflower cultivars
Authors: Yang Yuyao , Lyu Mingjie , Liu Jun , Wu Jianjin , Wang Qian , Xie Tianyu , Li Haichao , Chen Rui , Sun Deling , Yang Yingxia , Yao Xingwei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCauliflower is one of the most important vegetable crops grown worldwide. However, the lack of genetic diversity information and efficient molecular markers hinders efforts to improve cauliflower. This study aims to construct DNA fingerprints for 329 cauliflower cultivars based on SNP markers and the KASP system. After rigorous filtering, a total of 1662 candidate SNPs were obtained from nearly 17.9 million SNP loci. The mean values of PIC, MAF, heterozygosity and gene diversity of these SNPs were 0.389, 0.419, 0.075, and 0.506, respectively. We developed a program for in silico simulations on 153 core germplasm samples to generate ideal SNP marker sets from the candidates. Finally, 41 highly polymorphic KASP markers were selected and applied to identify 329 cauliflower cultivars, mainly collected from the public market. Furthermore, based on the KASP genotyping data, we performed phylogenetic analysis and population structure analysis of the 329 cultivars. As a result, these cultivars could be classified into three major clusters, and the classification patterns were significantly related to their curd solidity and geographical origin. Finally, fingerprints of the 329 cultivars and 2D barcodes with the genetic information of each sample were generated. The fingerprinting database developed in this study provides a practical tool for identifying the authenticity and purity of cauliflower seeds and valuable genetic information about the current cauliflower cultivars.
Persistence of onchocerciasis in villages in Enugu and Ogun states in Nigeria following many rounds of mass distribution of ivermectin
Authors: Ekpo Uwem F. , Eneanya Obiora A. , Nwankwo Edith N. , Soneye Islamiat Y. , Weil Gary J. , Fischer Peter U. , Nwaorgu Obioma C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Onchocerciasis is endemic in most local government areas (LGAs) in Enugu and Ogun states. Most meso- and hyper-endemic LGAs have received many rounds of ivermectin mass drug administration (MDA). This study aimed to determine the current prevalence of onchocerciasis in villages in Enugu and Ogun states that were formerly highly endemic and to assess progress toward elimination of the infection in areas believed to be at high risk for persistence.

Methods
Cross-sectional community surveys were conducted 8 to 12 months after the last round of MDA in 16 villages (6 in Enugu state and 10 in Ogun state) in individuals aged ≥ 18 years. Study participants were examined for the presence of palpable subcutaneous nodules. Skin snips from the posterior iliac crests were used to assess microfiladermia (Mf) prevalence and density.

Results
643 subjects were palpated for nodules and 627 individuals (225 in Enugu state; 402 in Ogun state) provided skin snips. Nodule prevalence in the study villages ranged from 42 to 66.7% in Enugu state and from 0 to 25.0% in Ogun state. Mf prevalence in the Enugu and Ogun study villages ranged from 32 to 51.1% and 0 to 28.6%, respectively. Geometric mean skin Mf density in surveyed Enugu state villages ranged between 1 and 3.1 Mf/mg; these values were < 1 Mf/mg in all but one community in Ogun state villages.

Conclusion
Results from this study show that onchocerciasis persists in adults in many villages in Enugu and Ogun states despite many prior rounds of ivermectin MDA. Prevalence was higher in villages surveyed in Enugu than in Ogun. Low Mf densities suggest the MDA program is working well to reduce disease, but more time will be required to reach the elimination goal.