bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of effort‐reward imbalance on emergency nurses' turnover intention: The mediating role of depressive symptoms
Authors: Fei Yang , Fu Wenning , Zhang Zeyu , Jiang Nan , Yin Xiaoxv 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study investigated the effects of effort‐reward imbalance (ERI) on emergency nurses' turnover intention and the role of depressive symptoms between ERI and turnover intention.BackgroundTurnover intention is crucial for clinical practice due to its relationship with turnover behaviour and destructive effect on stability of nursing staff. The ERI is a mainstream model to explain job stress, which seems to be one of the key variables, but the direct evidence is not adequate. In addition, there have been only a few studies looking into the complexity of the relationship between ERI and turnover intention, and more research is needed.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study conducted from July to August 2018, and the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines were followed. We employed a standardised questionnaire to collect sociodemographic information and target turnover intention. Hierarchical multiple logistic regression and mediation analyses were performed for the data analyses.ResultsThis study included responses from 17,582 emergency nurses in China. On turnover intention, ERI exerted both direct effect and indirect mediating effect. The results also indicate that depressive symptoms partially mediated the effect of ERI on turnover intention, and that 27.4% of this effect can be explained by mediating effects.ConclusionsTo improve the turnover intention, it is necessary to consider reducing ERI and depressive symptoms of emergency nurses as powerful measures not to be ignored.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis study provides important insights regarding how nursing administrators should better reduce the workload of caregivers and improve depressive symptoms to avoid turnover intention.
Impact of obesity on robotic‐assisted surgery in patients with stage IA endometrial cancer and a low risk of recurrence: An institutional study
Authors: Asanoma Kazuo , Yahata Hideaki , Okugawa Kaoru , Ohgami Tatsuhiro , Yasunaga Masafumi , Kodama Keisuke , Onoyama Ichiro , Kenjo Hironori , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Kato Kiyoko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimWesternization of lifestyle has increased the numbers of patients with endometrial cancer and obesity. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of robotic‐assisted surgery according to whether patients are obese, morbidly obese, or nonobese.MethodsSixty‐three patients with endometrial cancer who underwent robotic‐assisted surgery between March 2014 and June 2022 were categorized according to whether they had a body mass index (BMI) <30 (group A, nonobese, n = 40), ≥30 and <35 (group B, obese, n = 13), or ≥35 (group C, morbidly obese, n = 10). Operation time, blood loss, perioperative complications, and recurrence rate were investigated.ResultsConversion to laparotomy was required in one case in group A and one in group C. There was no difference in total operation time, time for setting (including trocar installation and docking of the da Vinci robot), console time, or time for wound closure between the groups; however, there was a significant between‐group difference in the total time for setting and wound closure. There was no significant difference in blood loss or complications between the groups. Three patients in group A and two in group B received adjuvant treatment; none have shown evidence of recurrent disease during a mean observation time of 21 months (range, 2–29). Two cases in group A and one in group B had recurrence during a mean observation time of 38 months (range, 19–46).ConclusionPatients with endometrial cancer who are obese can be treated safely by robotic‐assisted surgery with a low risk of complications and few relapses.
Malmö POTS symptom score: Assessing symptom burden in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
Authors: Spahic Jasmina Medic , Hamrefors Viktor , Johansson Madeleine , Ricci Fabrizio , Melander Olle , Sutton Richard , Fedorowski Artur 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPostural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a common cardiovascular autonomic disorder characterized by excessive heart rate (HR) increase on standing and symptoms of orthostatic intolerance, posing significant limitations on functional capacity. No objective tool exists to classify symptom burden in POTS.MethodsWe conducted a case–control study in 62 POTS patients and 50 healthy controls to compare symptom burden between groups using the newly developed, self‐rating, 12‐item, Malmö POTS Score (MAPS; 0–10 per item, total range 0–120) based on patients own perception of symptoms through visual analogue scale assessment. We have also explored correlations between symptom severity assessed by MAPS, basic clinical parameters and postural haemodynamic changes.ResultsPOTS patients showed significantly higher total MAPS score (78 ± 20 vs. 14 ± 12, p < 0.001), higher baseline systolic blood pressure (BP), diastolic BP and HR (p < 0.001) compared with healthy controls. The most prominent symptoms in POTS were palpitations, fatigue and concentration difficulties. Haemodynamic parameters on standing were significantly correlated with palpitations in POTS after adjustment for age and sex (lower systolic and diastolic BP, and higher HR) (p < 0.001 for all). Orthostatic HR was significantly associated with concentration difficulties and total MAPS score. The optimal cut‐point value of MAPS to differentiate POTS and healthy controls was ≥42 (sensitivity, 97%; specificity, 98%).ConclusionsSymptom severity, as assessed by MAPS score, is fivefold higher in POTS compared with healthy individuals. The new MAPS score can be useful as a semiquantitative system to assess symptom burden, monitor disease progression and evaluate pre‐test likelihood of disease.
Borrelia burgdorferi strain and host sex influence pathogen prevalence and abundance in the tissues of a laboratory rodent host
Authors: Zinck Christopher B. , Thampy Prasobh Raveendran , Rego Ryan O. M. , Brisson Dustin , Ogden Nicholas H. , Voordouw Maarten 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExperimental infections with different pathogen strains give insight into pathogen life history traits. The purpose of the present study was to compare variation in tissue infection prevalence and spirochete abundance among strains of Borrelia burgdorferi in a rodent host (Mus musculus, C3H/HeJ). Male and female mice were experimentally infected via tick bite with one of 12 strains. Ear tissue biopsies were taken at days 29, 59 and 89 postinfection, and seven tissues were collected at necropsy. The presence and abundance of spirochetes in the mouse tissues were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. To determine the frequencies of our strains in nature, their multilocus sequence types were matched to published data sets. For the infected mice, 56.6% of the tissues were infected with B. burgdorferi. The mean spirochete load in the mouse necropsy tissues varied 4.8‐fold between the strains. The mean spirochete load in the ear tissue biopsies decreased rapidly over time for some strains. The percentage of infected tissues in male mice (65.4%) was significantly higher compared to female mice (50.5%). The mean spirochete load in the seven tissues was 1.5× higher in male mice compared to female mice; this male bias was 15.3× higher in the ventral skin. Across the 11 strains, the mean spirochete loads in the infected mouse tissues were positively correlated with the strain‐specific frequencies in their tick vector populations. The study suggests that laboratory‐based estimates of pathogen abundance in host tissues can predict the strain composition of this important tick‐borne pathogen in nature.
High spatial heterogeneity and low connectivity of bacterial communities along a Mediterranean subterranean estuary
Authors: Ruiz‐González Clara , Rodríguez‐Pie Lara , Maister Olena , Rodellas Valentí , Alorda‐Keinglass Aaron , Diego‐Feliu Marc , Folch Albert , Garcia‐Orellana Jordi , Gasol Josep M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSubterranean estuaries are biogeochemically active coastal sites resulting from the underground mixing of fresh aquifer groundwater and seawater. In these systems, microbial activity can largely transform the chemical elements that may reach the sea through submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), but little is known about the microorganisms thriving in these land‐sea transition zones. We present the first spatially‐resolved characterization of the bacterial assemblages along a coastal aquifer in the NW Mediterranean, considering the entire subsurface salinity gradient. Combining bulk heterotrophic activity measurements, flow cytometry, microscopy and 16S rRNA gene sequencing we find large variations in prokaryotic abundances, cell size, activity and diversity at both the horizontal and vertical scales that reflect the pronounced physicochemical gradients. The parts of the transect most influenced by freshwater were characterized by smaller cells and lower prokaryotic abundances and heterotrophic production, but some activity hotspots were found at deep low‐oxygen saline groundwater sites enriched in nitrite and ammonium. Diverse, heterogeneous and highly endemic communities dominated by Proteobacteria, Patescibacteria, Desulfobacterota and Bacteroidota were observed throughout the aquifer, pointing to clearly differentiated prokaryotic niches across these transition zones and little microbial connectivity between groundwater and Mediterranean seawater habitats. Finally, experimental manipulations unveiled large increases in community heterotrophic activity driven by fast growth of some rare and site‐specific groundwater Proteobacteria. Our results indicate that prokaryotic communities within subterranean estuaries are highly heterogeneous in terms of biomass, activity and diversity, suggesting that their role in transforming nutrients will also vary spatially within these terrestrial–marine transition zones.
Activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in high light – what is the initial signal?
Authors: Araguirang Galileo Estopare , Richter Andreas S. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryDue to their sessile nature, plants cannot escape adverse environmental conditions and evolved mechanisms to cope with sudden environmental changes. The reaction to variations in abiotic factors, also summarized as acclimation response, affects all layers of cellular functions and involves rapid modification of enzymatic activities, the metabolome, proteome and transcriptome on different timescales. One trait of plants acclimating to high light (HL) is the rapid transcriptional activation of the flavonoid biosynthesis (FB) pathway resulting in the accumulation of photoprotective and antioxidative flavonoids, such as flavonols and anthocyanins, in the leaf tissue. Although enormous progress has been made in identifying enzymes and transcriptional regulators of FB by forward and reverse genetic approaches in the past, the signals and signalling pathways permitting the conditional activation of FB in HL are still debated. With this Tansley Insight, we summarize the current knowledge on the proposed signals and downstream factors involved in regulating FB and will discuss their contribution to, particularly, HL‐induced accumulation of anthocyanins.
Transcriptomic heterochrony and completely cleistogamous flower development in the mycoheterotrophic orchid Gastrodia
Authors: Suetsugu Kenji , Fukushima Kenji , Makino Takashi , Ikematsu Shuka , Sakamoto Tomoaki , Kimura Seisuke 
Published: September 2022

Summary

Cleistogamy, in which plants can reproduce via self‐fertilization within permanently closed flowers, has evolved in > 30 angiosperm lineages; however, consistent with Darwin's doubts about its existence, complete cleistogamy – the production of only cleistogamous flowers – has rarely been recognized. Thus far, the achlorophyllous orchid genus, Gastrodia, is the only known genus with several plausible completely cleistogamous species.

Here, we analyzed the floral developmental transcriptomes of two recently evolved, completely cleistogamous Gastrodia species and their chasmogamous sister species to elucidate the possible changes involved in producing common cleistogamous traits.

The ABBA‐BABA test did not support introgression and protein sequence convergence as evolutionary mechanisms leading to cleistogamy, leaving convergence in gene expression as a plausible mechanism. Regarding transcriptomic differentiation, the two cleistogamous species had common modifications in the expression of developmental regulators, exhibiting a gene family‐wide signature of convergent expression changes in MADS‐box genes. Our transcriptomic pseudotime analysis revealed a prolonged juvenile state and eventual maturation, a heterochronic pattern consistent with partial neoteny, in cleistogamous flower development.

These findings indicate that transcriptomic partial neoteny, arising from changes in the expression of conserved developmental regulators, might have contributed to the rapid and repeated evolution of cleistogamous flowers in Gastrodia.
Estimating Regional Income Indicators under Transformations and Access to Limited Population Auxiliary Information
Authors: Würz Nora , Schmid Timo , Tzavidis Nikos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpatially disaggregated income indicators are typically estimated by using model-based methods that assume access to auxiliary information from population micro-data. In many countries like Germany and the UK population micro-data are not publicly available. In this work we propose small area methodology when only aggregate population-level auxiliary information is available. We use data-driven transformations of the response to satisfy the parametric assumptions of the used models. In the absence of population micro-data, appropriate bias-corrections for small area prediction are needed. Under the approach we propose in this paper, aggregate statistics (means and covariances) and kernel density estimation are used to resolve the issue of not having access to population micro-data. We further explore the estimation of the mean squared error using the parametric bootstrap. Extensive model-based and design-based simulations are used to compare the proposed method to alternative methods. Finally, the proposed methodology is applied to the 2011 Socio-Economic Panel and aggregate census information from the same year to estimate the average income for 96 regional planning regions in Germany.
Temporal changes in physical fitness in Norwegian male and female military conscripts between 2006 and 2020
Authors: Aandstad Anders 
Published: September 2022

Reduced physical fitness has been documented in Western children and adults over the past five decades. The same trend has been observed among soldiers, but the number of studies is scarce. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate temporal changes in physical fitness in Norwegian conscripts. All conscripts who performed entry fitness tests between 2006 and 2020 were included in the study (n = 105 100; 17% females). Endurance was measured with the 3000 m run, while push‐ups, sit‐ups, and pull‐ups (2006–2016) and medicine ball throw, standing long jump, and pull‐ups (2017–2020) were used to measure muscle strength. Mean (95% confidence intervals) 3000 m run time was reduced by 52 (47, 57) seconds in men, 90 (76, 105) seconds in women, and 16 (11, 20) seconds in both sexes combined. Muscle strength increased statistically significantly in four out of five tests in men, three out of six tests in women, and two out of five tests for both sexes combined. Effect sizes for statistically significant changes ranged from 0.06 to 0.82. In conclusion, Norwegian conscripts improved their cardiorespiratory endurance between 2006 and 2020, with improvements observed for most muscle strength tests. When analyzing both sexes combined, the improvements diminished. The latter is attributed to a sevenfold increase in relative number of female conscripts over the 15‐year period. The present findings should not be generalized to all young Norwegian men and women since conscripts are selected based on fitness, and only ~15% of the population end up serving.
Rehabilitation for post‐COVID‐19 condition through a supervised exercise intervention: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jimeno‐Almazán Amaya , Franco‐López Francisco , Buendía‐Romero Ángel , Martínez‐Cava Alejandro , Sánchez‐Agar José Antonio , Sánchez‐Alcaraz Martínez Bernardino J. , Courel‐Ibáñez Javier , Pallarés Jesús G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of the study was to compare the outcomes of patients with post‐COVID‐19 condition undergoing supervised therapeutic exercise intervention or following the self‐management WHO (World Health Organization) rehabilitation leaflet.MethodsA randomized controlled trial was carried out that included 39 participants with post‐COVID‐19 condition who had a chronic symptomatic phase lasting >12 weeks. Comprehensive medical screening, patient‐reported symptoms, and cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength were assessed. Patients were randomly assigned to a tailored multicomponent exercise program based on concurrent training for 8 weeks (two supervised sessions per week comprised resistance training combined with aerobic training [moderate intensity variable training], plus a third day of monitored light intensity continuous training), or to a control group which followed the WHO guidelines for rehabilitation after COVID‐19.ResultsAfter follow‐up, there were changes in physical outcomes in both groups, however, the magnitude of the change pre–post intervention favored the exercise group in cardiovascular and strength markers: VO2max +5.7%, sit‐to‐stand −22.7% and load‐velocity profiles in bench press +6.3%, and half squat +16.9%, (p < 0.05). In addition, exercise intervention resulted in a significantly better quality of life, less fatigue, less depression, and improved functional status, as well as in superior cardiovascular fitness and muscle strength compared to controls (p < 0.05). No adverse events were observed during the training sessions.ConclusionCompared to current WHO recommendations, a supervised, tailored concurrent training at low and moderate intensity for both resistance and endurance training is a more effective, safe, and well‐tolerated intervention in post‐COVID‐19 conditions.
Phospholipase Dδ and phosphatidic acid mediate heat‐induced nuclear localization of glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase in Arabidopsis
Authors: Kim Sang‐Chul , Yao Shuaibing , Zhang Qun , Wang Xuemin 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYCytosolic glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPC) is a glycolytic enzyme, but undergoes stress‐induced nuclear translocation for moonlighting. We previously reported that in response to heat stress, GAPC accumulated in the nucleus to modulate transcription and thermotolerance. Here we show a cellular and molecular mechanism that mediates heat‐induced nuclear translocation of cytosolic GAPC in Arabidopsis thaliana. Heat‐induced GAPC nuclear accumulation and plant heat tolerance were reduced in Arabidopsis phospholipase D (PLD) knockout mutants of pldδ and pldα1pldδ, but not of pldα1. These changes were restored to wild type by genetic complementation with active PLDδ, but not with catalytically inactive PLDδ. GAPC overexpression enhanced the seedling thermotolerance and the expression of heat‐inducible genes, but this effect was abolished in the pldδ background. Heat stress elevated the levels of the PLD product phosphatidic acid (PA) in the nucleus in wild type, but not in pldδ plants. Lipid labeling demonstrated the heat‐induced nuclear co‐localization of PA and GAPC, which was impaired by zinc, which inhibited the PA–GAPC interaction, and by the membrane trafficking inhibitor brefeldin A (BFA). The GAPC nuclear accumulation and seedling thermotolerance were also decreased by treatment with zinc or BFA. Our data suggest that PLDδ and PA are critical for the heat‐induced nuclear translocation of GAPC. We propose that PLDδ‐produced PA mediates the process via lipid–protein interaction and that the lipid mediation acts as a cellular conduit linking stress perturbations at cell membranes to nuclear functions in plants coping with heat stress.
Characterization and function of extracellular vesicles in a canine mammary tumour cell line: Ultracentrifugation versus size exclusion chromatography
Authors: Moccia Valentina , Sammarco Alessandro , Ferro Silvia , Cavicchioli Laura , Zappulli Valentina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell‐derived membrane‐bound vesicles involved in many biological processes such as tumour progression. For years, ultracentrifugation (UC) has been considered the gold standard for EV isolation but limited purity and integrity allowed the diffusion of alternative techniques. In this study, EVs were isolated from a canine mammary tumour cell line using UC and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and analysed for size and concentration by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and for protein expression by western blot (WB). EV autocrine effect on cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness was then evaluated in vitro. In all samples, particles were in the EV size range (50–1000 nm), with a higher concentration in UC than in SEC samples (1011 and 1010 particles/ml respectively), and expressed EV markers (Alix, CD9). Functional assays did not show statistically significant difference among conditions, but EV treatment slightly increased cell proliferation and invasiveness and treatment with SEC‐isolated EVs slightly enhanced cell migration compared to UC‐isolated EVs. In conclusion, the main differences between the two isolation techniques are the quantity of the final EV‐product and slight differences on EV functionality, which should be further explored to better highlight the real autocrine effect of tumoral EVs.
Unlocking the evolution of abdominal specializations in Luciuranus fireflies (Coleoptera, Lampyridae)
Authors: Silveira Luiz , Souto Paula , Khattar Gabriel , Takiya Daniela M. , Nunes Viviane , Mermudes José Ricardo M. , Monteiro Ricardo , Macedo Margarete 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the evolution of genitalic traits and their co‐evolution between sexes is at the core of Evolutionary Biology. Cross‐species reproductive trait co‐variation can be the outcome of hybrid avoidance and/or sexual selection. Although the outcome of these two phenomena will look similar, they yield distinct patterns of species co‐occurrence. Partial or complete syntopy—but not allopatry—among species is expected to lead to hybrid avoidance strategies. Conversely, sexual selection is involved in genitalic evolution regardless of co‐occurrence with closely related species. The genus Luciuranus Silveira, Khattar & Mermudes, 2016 includes eight species of fireflies endemic to the Atlantic forest. Among these, five feature species‐specific morphology of the male and female terminalia suggest a clamping mechanism, while the remaining three species have similar terminalia across species. The evolutionary history of Luciuranus and its putative clamping mechanism remains unknown. Furthermore, the female internal morphology, which could provide insight into the biology of these poorly known fireflies, was never studied. Here, we combine morphology (55 characters) and DNA sequences (COI, 16S) and analyse them through probabilistic criteria to provide the first total evidence phylogeny of Luciuranus. We show that the acquisition of the abdominal modifications in Luciuranus was stepwise, becoming increasingly more complex. Moreover, maximum likelihood‐based ancestral state reconstructions show that male terminalia co‐evolved with female abdominal morphology in Luciuranus. Given the total allopatry among species, it is likely that lineage‐specific sexual selection on mating behaviour, instead of hybrid avoidance through natural selection, has shaped the unique abdominal morphologies of Luciuranus species.