bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma presenting with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: Xiang Jie , Zhao Weibo , Luo Xiao , Hong Zhenghua , Luo Hua 
Published: May 2022

Spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma (SSDH) is a rare and dangerous intraspinal hematoma that usually occurs in the thoracic vertebra. The influence of early cardiovascular changes secondary to spinal cord injury is an important emergent issue.
Herein, we report a case of a middle-aged woman with clinical manifestations of back pain and motion and sensory disturbances below the level of spinal cord compression. During the disease course, she also developed changes indicative of myocardial injury, such as tachycardia, markedly increased concentrations of brain natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin I, and a decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, which were consistent with the diagnosis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC). After the administration of supportive therapies, the symptoms of myocardial injury rapidly resolved. With the absorption of SSDH, the symptoms and clinical signs were alleviated. We also reviewed the literature on cases of concomitant SSDH and TTC.
This rare case broadens the symptom spectrum of SSDH and highlights the need for clinicians to be aware of concomitant SSDH and TTC. Initial conservative treatment is a viable option for SSDH with concomitant TTC. However, urgent surgery may be a better option if the SSDH progressively enlarges and causes spinal cord compression.
Methodological choices in developing scenarios in vocational education and training – Reflections on three European scenario projects
Authors: Grollmann Philipp , Markowitsch Jörg 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The aim of this article is to explore methodological issues related to scenarios on vocational education and training (VET). In particular, we examine the extent to which VET scenarios depend or build on generalizable future expectations (“myths of the future”) or archetypes of the future. The analysis builds on a review of recent methodological literature on scenario building applied to three international scenario studies on VET carried out by the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop), in which the authors were partly involved.
We argue that neither scenarios on a particular issue (“issue-based”) nor on the future of a particular society (“area-based”) do justice to diverse VET systems but that scenarios in VET need to be “institution-based”. Hence, both the relative independence of VET systems and their path dependency – especially in transnational projects – need to be taken into account. In conclusion, we propose that the regular application of the scenario approach could be a useful complement to various other prospective approaches used to guide European employment and vocational training policies.
Conflicting roles of vocational education: Civic, Industrial, Market and Project Conventions to address VET scenarios
Authors: Marhuenda-Fluixá Fernando 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Vocational education and training is more complex than academic education. It is also subject to important differences among countries due to at least two factors: a) the particular fabric of the productive system of the country and b) the involvement of social actors (employers and unions) as well as the labor market relations and the balance between capital and work.
Historical and comparative vocational education and training has deployed a series of analytical tools which have contributed to identify different patterns of existing vocational education systems. Some institutions have also worked in order to help vocational education advance in the past decades: among these, the European Center for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop) has twice devised future scenarios in Vocational education, at the turn of the 20th century and right before the Covid-19 pandemics.
The combination of current VET systems and suggested scenarios indicate that transformations are subject to negotiation among actors within countries (administration, employers, unions, teachers) and across countries; as well as subject to legitimation of decisions before the wider society. The sociology of conventions is a useful approach to analyse processes of negotiation and legitimation behind historical developments in VET systems; we suggest applying it to tackle current VET scenarios.
A Probabilistic Physics-Based Seismic Hazard Model for the Alborz Region, Iran
Authors: Rafiei Mohammadreza , Khodaverdian Alireza , Rahimian Mohammad 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThe seismic activity rate is one of the most significant factors in seismic hazard modeling. Although it is usually estimated from observed seismicity, a complete picture of the possible earthquakes is not always available since catalogs of the observed earthquakes are short and incomplete. Long-term physics-based numerical simulations, providing a comprehensive range of earthquakes, are a decent way to overcome such deficiency. With this contribution, we built a seismic hazard model for the Alborz region, Iran, using a long-term physics-based synthetic earthquake catalog, enriched with the additional consideration of background seismicity derived from a deformation model. 200,000 yr synthetic catalogs for the Alborz region, Iran, are used and validated by considering the recurrence time of large-magnitude events estimated from the paleoseismological investigation on individual faults. The magnitude–frequency distribution (MFD) from the synthetic earthquake catalog is then compared with the MFD based on observation, which overall indicates good compatibility, although there are discrepancies for some faults. The estimated peak ground acceleration (PGA) for the Alborz region varies in the ranges of 0.16–0.52g and 0.27–1.0g for 10% and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 yr, respectively. The absolute natural logarithm differences averaged across the region are ∼0.21, corresponding to an average of 23% difference in PGA values in comparison with the most up-to-date observed-based hazard model. Hazard curves for several populated cities are also presented and compared with the other independent estimates. The proposed procedure could be an alternative approach to evaluate seismic hazard for a seismically active region, in particular for those without a complete catalog of observed earthquakes.
High-Frequency Rupture Processes of the 2014 Mw 8.2 Iquique and 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel, Chile, Earthquakes Determined from Strong-Motion Recordings
Authors: Frankel Arthur 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Strong-motion recordings of the 2014 Mw 8.2 Iquique and 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel, Chile, earthquakes were analyzed to determine rupture propagation and the location, timing, and strength of subevents that produce most of the high-frequency (≥1 Hz) ground motions. A moving window,cross-correlation analysis of recordings from a local dense array, band-pass filtered at 1 Hz, directly shows that the Iquique earthquake ruptured to the southeast over a distance of about 60 km. Array analysis of lower frequency energy (0.03–0.1 Hz) indicates that it occurred updip of the high-frequency rupture. A methodology was developed for inverting the envelopes of acceleration records (1–5 Hz) to map high-frequency source factors on the rupture zone and was applied to the two earthquakes. Waveforms of Mw 6 earthquakes were used as empirical Green’s functions in the inversions. High-frequency subevents within the two Mw 8 earthquakes were located at depths ranging from 25 to 55 km and mostly occurred downdip of the peak slip of these earthquakes. Fourier spectral ratios of the Iquique mainshock with respect to Mw 5–6 aftershocks were fit to determine their stress drops. The stress drops were roughly constant from Mw 5 to 8 at 10–20 MPa. A compound rupture model is described in which subevents occur in areas of spatially heterogeneous strength and stress on the rupture, and produce the high-frequency radiated energy of the overall earthquake, but are not located in the areas of peak slip. The stress drop of the overall earthquake is shown to equal the root mean square stress drop of subevents averaged over the rupture area.
Design, Modeling, and Evaluation of a Class-A Triaxial Force-Balance Accelerometer of Linear Based Geometry
Authors: Germenis Nikos , Dimitrakakis Georgios , Sokos Efthimios , Nikolakopoulos Pantelis 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A new class-A force-balance accelerometer (FBA) is designed, simulated, and evaluated. The focus of this work was to design a low-cost but high-performance instrument. The FBA has output voltage proportional to ground acceleration, flat response from direct current to 200 Hz, output range ± 10 V differential (40Vpp, peak-to-peak) and sensitivity 2.5 V/g, which provides a ± 4g range. Unlike other well-established designs with rotational pendulum systems and single-coil actuators that present partially nonlinear performance, the proposed design is based on a linear motion spring-mass mechanism with two parallel leaf springs and a double symmetrical magnet-coil force actuator. This architecture ensures that the displacement transducer’s response is linear and that an acting force on the seismic mass is not disturbed by any cross-axial motion. This force depends on displacement only, as imposed by the electronic control circuit, which is implemented on a small high-density printed circuit board (PCB) mounted on top of the mechanical construction. The plates of the variable capacitance displacement transducer consist of ordinary PCBs for cost efficiency. The coils of the force actuator are placed on each side of the moving plate of the capacitive transducer and the magnets are placed on the aluminum rigid frame of the device. The central moving plate of the variable capacitor and the attached force actuator coils, along with some extra aluminum mass, consist the accelerometer’s seismic mass. The performance of the accelerometer is evaluated in terms of earthquake data records and in comparison of its response with that of a commercial FBA with corresponding specifications. The instrument’s self-noise was also measured over a long period of operation and proved to comply with typical FBA application requirements and commercial product standards.
Competencia global para el Desarrollo Sostenible: una oportunidad para la educación superior
Authors: Rentería-Vera Jorge Amado , Hincapie-Montoya Edwin Mauricio , Rodríguez-Caro Yesit Jovan , Vélez-Castañeda Chárol Kátherin , Osorio-Vélez Beatriz Elena , Durango-Marín José Alejandro 
Published: May 2022

El cumplimiento de las metas de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y el fortalecimiento de las competencias para ser ciudadanos globales plantea grandes desafíos a las naciones y, especialmente, a sus sistemas educativos. En este contexto, se propone el diseño de un modelo de coordenadas curriculares dirigido a la formación de competencias para el desarrollo sostenible y la ciudadanía mundial, dentro de la Institución Universitaria Pascual Bravo (Colombia). Desde un enfoque cualitativo, con alcance descriptivo y el diseño de teoría fundamentada, se realizó una caracterización que devela la necesidad de avanzar en modelos curriculares de educación superior, cuya base sean los conocimientos teóricos y prácticos a fin de promover el desarrollo y los estilos de vida sostenible. A partir de ahí, se plantea modelo de gestión curricular que permita reflexionar sobre la importancia de articular dichas competencias a los propósitos misionales. Se concluye que, con su aplicación, la comunidad académica puede adoptar la herramienta teórica y establecer un diseño que favorezca la actualización curricular con enfoque hacia el desarrollo sostenible.
Shutting the Gate: A Preliminary Study of Farm Crime Prevention Methods Used by the Police in Rural England and Wales
Authors: Nunns Alexander , Wills Alison P. , Montrose V. Tamara 
Published: May 2022

Rural crime is an issue for farms across the United Kingdom. The costs of farm crime are at their highest level in eight years and impact on both farmers and consumers. Past research has examined farmers' attitudes towards farm crime prevention but the attitudes of the police have been little explored. Police forces in rural England and Wales were surveyed about their views on farm crime prevention (e.g. prevention methods used, efficacy of methods, future of farm crime prevention). Traditional and community-based prevention methods such as regular patrols, proactive operations, prevention initiatives and community education were widely used, as were technological prevention methods such as CCTV. Just over half of respondents perceived these methods to be effective though concerns were raised that their efficacy was affected by limited police resources. The majority of respondents felt that the future of farm crime prevention would involve better physical security, more CCTV and more crime prevention initiatives.
El cambio climático en la América ecuatorial
Authors: Pabón-Caicedo José Daniel 
Published: May 2022

El cambio climático afectará diferentes regiones del planeta, como América ecuatorial, las que tienen estrecha relación con las condiciones ambientales dentro de las cuales el clima es factor importante. En este artículo, partiendo del Sexto Informe de Evaluación del IPCC, se visibilizan las tendencias de largo plazo en la temperatura media del aire y de la precipitación y las posibles condiciones futuras en estas variables y en el nivel medio del mar para América ecuatorial. Se reflexiona acerca de las acciones en la que debería enfatizar la región: presionar en la política global por metas más ambiciosas y efectivas para la reducción drástica en el corto plazo de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, promover la innovación tecnológica para la mitigación y adaptación, fortalecer la red de observación del clima y optimizar los sistemas de alerta temprana con mayor apoyo del pronóstico del tiempo y predicción climática.
Do scoring techniques and number of choices affect the reliability of multiple-choice tests in elementary schools?
Authors: Herwin Herwin , Pristiwaluyo Triyanto , Ruslan Ruslan , Dahalan Shakila Che 
Published: May 2022

The application of multiple-choice tests often does not consider the scoring technique and the number of choices. The study aims at describing the effect of the scoring technique and numerous options towards the reliability of multiple-choice objective tests on social subjects in elementary school. The study is quantitative research with experiments using factorial design. The population of the study was all the items of the standard of multiple-choice objective test through the test development procedure. The sample of the study was part of the items taken randomly through repeated simulations. Data collection was participants’ scores taken from the test and repeated simulations 120 times for the analysis. Data were analysed in descriptive quantitative and inferential through the analysis of variance. The results of the study reveal that there is an interaction between scoring technique and numerous options towards the reliability of multiple-choice objective tests on social subjects in elementary school.

Keywords: Scoring technique, numerous options, test reliability, multiple-choice, elementary schools.
Ensemble Learning-Aided Hydrothermal Coupling Investigation on Dam Impoundment Impact: A Case Study of the Xiluodu Project in China
Authors: Yin Tao , Li Qingbin , Hu Yu , Li Gan , Yu Sanda 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The monitoring and analysis of the temperature field in the reservoir area is gaining importance as it provides insights regarding structural safety and environmental impact. Most studies focus on earthen dams and the seasonal fluctuation of the thermal field induced by the ambient temperature. Few studies analyse the long-term trend of the bedrock temperature after high-arch dam impoundment as the involved geological elements are likely to be unexpected and unknown. In this paper, a unique geothermal evolution model in the downstream bedrock of a 285.5 m high-arch dam is reported based on continuous field observations during the past nine years, which cannot be explained by available hydrogeological data. To clarify the phenomenon, a research framework that comprises field measurements, machine learning interpretation, and hydrothermal coupling simulation is proposed. Borehole surveys and water chemistry analyses are performed to gather more data from critical areas. The proposed machine learning pipelines attempt to interpret the field test data. These are integrated with a double-loop grid-search process and can achieve hyperparameter searching and model evaluation simultaneously. It proves to be robust to local minima and more applicable to groundwater source discrimination when compared to other models. The contribution of the newly discovered features is further discussed through comparative and sensitivity analysis based on the hydrothermal coupling theory. With the proposed hybrid analysis framework, the shallow buried limestones and the confined hot groundwater have been identified as the causes of the unique phenomenon. These factors should be of concern to researchers facing similar situation in the future.
What is the Effect of Using Collaborative Assessment on Symptomatology as an Intervention in the Treatment of Mental Illness? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol.
Authors: Hovmand Oliver Rumle , Storebø Ole Jakob , Reinholt Nina , Gryesten Jasmin Rejaye , Arnfred Sidse M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Clinicians usually conduct diagnostic assessments in order to establish a diagnosis or to evaluate the effect of treatment. One meta-analysis suggests that diagnostic assessment administered in collaboration with the patient along with personalized feedback might have a therapeutic effect. Methods We wish to carry out a systematic-review and meta-analysis of the effect on symptomatology when using assessment as a therapeutic intervention for patients with psychiatric illness. We will search in five relevant electronic databases. Two reviewers will independently conduct article selection against pre-defined eligibility criteria, data extraction and quality assessment of included studies. Randomized studies that report on the use of psychological assessment as an intervention will be included in the meta-analysis. We will extract data on symptom-related outcomes, quality of life, dropout and re-diagnoziation and use meta-analysis techniques to compute the effect size of assessmentrelated psychotherapeutic interventions. The review will be conducted and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis statement (PRISMA). Risk of bias will be assessed by using the Risk of Bias tool RoB 2.0 of the Cochrane Collaboration. Discussion The results will be able to inform clinicians and policymakers on the effect of assessment, and, depending on the results, could lead to a recommendation for modified assessment procedures and approaches in the mental health services. Ultimately, it might improve the outcome of treatment in the mental health services. Registration Registered in PROSPERO: Registration number CRD42021270567.
PYloroplasty versus No Intervention in GAstric REmnant REconstruction after Oesophagectomy: study protocol for the PYNI-GAREREO randomized controlled trial
Authors: Okada Naoya , Kinoshita Yoshihiro , Nishihara Shoji , Kurotaki Takuma , Sato Aya , Kimura Koutato , Kushiya Hiroki , Umemoto Kazufumi , Furukawa Shotaro , Yamabuki Takumi , Takada Minoru , Kato Kentaro , Yoshiyasu Ambo , Nakamura Fumitaka 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAfter esophagectomy for esophageal and esophagogastric cancer, more than half of patients have lost >10% of their body weight at 12 months. In most cases, the gastric remnant is used for reconstruction after esophagectomy. One of the most serious nutritional complications of this technique is delayed gastric emptying caused by gastric remnant mobilization and denervation of the vagus nerve. The aim of the PYloroplasty versus No Intervention in GAstric REmnant REconstruction after Oesophagectomy (PYNI-GAREREO) trial is to analyze the clinical outcome of modified Horsley pyloroplasty (mH-P) as a method of preventing delayed gastric emptying.MethodsThe PYNI-GAREREO trial is designed as an open randomized, single-center superiority trial. Patients will be randomly allocated to undergo gastric remnant reconstruction with mH-P (intervention group) or no intervention (control group) in parallel groups. All patients with esophageal cancer or esophagogastric cancer planning to undergo curative minimally invasive esophagectomy will be considered for inclusion. A total of 140 patients will be included in the study and randomized between the groups in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome is the nutritional status, and the secondary outcomes are postoperative complications, functional outcome, and quality of life.DiscussionWe hypothesize that mH-P after minimally invasive esophagectomy more effectively maintains patients’ nutritional status than no pyloroplasty.Trial registrationThis trial has been registered in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000045104 (Registered on 25 August 2021).
Dose Finding and Positioning for Definitive Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy of Breast Cancer
Authors: Singh Shubeen , Krayenbuehl Jérôme , Singh Akash Kumar , Jankowski Cindy , Goldschmidt Philipp , Budach Wilfried , Ciernik Ilja 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Partial breast irradiation (PBI) harbors the potential for definitive local tumor control. The optimal dose to the target and the maximal tolerated doses (MTD) of the surrounding tissues are unknown. In this cohort planning study, we assess the maximal dose to the target while keeping the dose to the surrounding organs at risk within their tolerance.Patients and Methods: Planning computed tomography scans of 22 patients with a history of pulmonary or cardiac risk factors and left-sided pT1c pN0/pN1a M0 breast cancer were treated with adjuvant RT in either position acccording to better dose distribution to lung or heart. Plans were calculated, generating a planning target volume (PTV) suitable for PBI in five fractions according to guidelines of the American Society for Radiation Oncology. Dose was escalated starting with 6 Gy daily. MTD was defined when the dose reached a constraint of a neighboring organ based on recommendations of the American Association for Physics in Medicine.Results: The mean MTD was 45.9 Gy ± 3.9 Gy (range 38.8 - 53.9) in supine and 46.1 Gy ± 3.2 Gy (range 37,3 - 53.9) in prone position, respectively (p>0.05). In 95% of patients, the MTD was ≥ 44.3 Gy in supine and ≥ 44.8 Gy in prone position, respectively. Fat tissue was the dose limiting structure for 11 of 22 patients in supine and 15 of 22 in prone position. Dmax to the fat tissue reached 40.0 Gy (±3.3 Gy) in both supine and prone position (p=0.3). Skin was the dose limiting structure in 7 of 22 patients in supine and in 6 of 22 in prone position. Dmax to the skin was 30.5 Gy (±7.4 Gy) in supine and 31.0 Gy (±7.0 Gy) in prone position (p= 0.8). Ribs were dose limiting in 4 of 22 patients in supine and in 1 of 22 in prone position. Dmax to the ribs was 31.4 Gy (±9.5 Gy) in supine and 21.4 Gy (±11.0 Gy) in prone position (p <0.01). Dmax to the intraventricular artery (IVA) was 3.4 Gy (±3.1 Gy) in supine and 7.5 Gy (±5.7 Gy) in prone position (p<0.01). Conclusion: 37.5 Gy in five fractions given to the planning target volume appears to be safe. Escalating the dose to the visible tumor to 45 Gy in five fractions is recommended for further testing in trials. Prone positioning is advised for patients with tumors close to the ribs.