bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the feasibility and potential efficacy of a brief eTherapy for binge‐eating disorder: A pilot study
Authors: Rom Sean , Miskovic‐Wheatley Jane , Barakat Sarah , Aouad Phillip , Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz Matthew , Maguire Sarah 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveFor those with binge‐eating disorder (BED), access to evidence‐based, face‐to‐face treatment is often constrained by clinician availability and high treatment costs. Emerging evidence suggests online therapy (eTherapy) may navigate these barriers and reduce binge‐eating symptomatology; however, less evaluation has been done in those with BED, particularly with briefer programs targeting early change. This study investigated the feasibility and potential efficacy of a brief, supported eTherapy in those with BED or subthreshold BED.MethodParticipants were 19 women with BED who completed a four‐session eTherapy. This was a single‐arm, pre‐post intervention study, with participants completing weekly content and attending telehealth sessions. Key outcomes were assessed by the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire‐Short (EDE‐QS): objective binge episode days, loss of control over eating days, and eating disorder (ED) psychopathology via a total EDE‐QS score.ResultsGeneralized and linear mixed models showed significantly reduced loss of control over eating days and ED psychopathology. Program feasibility was high, with strong program adherence and a below average attrition rate.DiscussionPilot results support the feasibility and potential efficacy of a brief, behavioral‐focused eTherapy program in reducing ED pathology in those with BED. Future research should further investigate findings in an adequately powered randomized controlled trial.Public significanceThis study suggests that a brief, behavioral‐focused online therapy, guided by non‐expert clinicians, can be successfully administered to those with binge‐eating disorder (BED) and may be efficacious at reducing eating disorder and other related symptomatology. Brief eTherapies that are effective, accessible, and rapidly available may facilitate earlier intervention in illness and improve treatment outcomes for individuals who experience this common and distressing disorder.
Influence of maintenance practices on hydraulic functions of ditches: A trait‐based approach
Authors: Rudi Gabrielle , Bailly Jean‐Stéphane , Caraglio Yves , Dollinger Jeanne , Vinatier Fabrice 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMaintenance practices in agricultural ditches influence their abiotic and biotic functioning in the short and medium terms, leading to modifications of plant communities. These modifications might in turn affect the water transport regulation and seed retention functions of ditches. The effects of maintenance practices on ditch plant communities have been poorly studied in terms of (i) functional response traits to maintenance practices and (ii) functional effect traits driving ecosystem functioning. We designed an experiment to compare the effects of different maintenance practices (mowing, burning, chemical weeding and dredging) in an agricultural Mediterranean ditch. We measured the plant species richness (i.e. alpha diversity or number of species), stem densities and plant traits/community functional parameters affecting water transport and seed retention (height, blockage factor and surface vegetation ratio), every year during 2 years before and after applying contrasting maintenance practices. All the plants growing in the bottom and on the banks of the studied ditch were identified. We characterised the differences between treatments using linear mixed‐effects models. Maintenance practices differently affected plant communities and resulting ecosystem functions. After 2 years, burning was the poorest practice regarding seed retention and the best practice regarding hydraulic transport capacity, on the basis of a water depth of 60 cm in the ditch. Mowing was the poorest practice regarding water transport and was an averaged practice for seed retention. Mowing was also the practice favouring the highest richness. Chemical weeding did not really differ from the control in terms of studied traits and parameters, although a slight decrease in water conveyance ability and increase in seed retention were assessed after 2 years. The results pave the way to developing easy to implement maintenance solutions with the potential to optimise ecosystem functions, relying both on historical agricultural practices for farmers (involving no new know‐how) and on non‐introduced plant species.
Prescribed opioid use is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in community‐dwelling older persons
Authors: Liew Stephanie M. , Chowdhury Enayet K. , Ernst Michael E. , Gilmartin‐Thomas Julia , Reid Christopher M. , Tonkin Andrew , Neumann Johannes , McNeil John J. , Kaye David M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsPrescribed opioids are commonly used in the older community‐dwelling population for the treatment of chronic pain. Although the harmful effects of opioid abuse and overdose are well understood, little is known about the long‐term cardiovascular (CV) effects of prescribed opioids. The aim of this study was to investigate the CV effects associated with prescribed opioid use.Methods and resultsA post hoc analysis of participants in the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial was conducted. Participants in the ASPREE trial included community‐dwelling older adults without a prior history of CV disease (CVD). Prescribed opioid use was defined as opioid use at baseline and/or at the first annual visit (AV1). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for associations between opioid use and CVD events following AV1. Of the 17 701 participants included (mean age 75.2 years, 58.2% female), 813 took opioids either at baseline or at AV1. Over a median follow‐up period of 3.58 years (IQR 2.50–4.62), CVD events, most notably heart failure hospitalization, occurred in 7% (n = 57) amongst opioid users and 4% (n = 680) amongst non‐opioid users. After adjustment for multiple covariates, opiate use was associated with a 1.67‐fold (CI 1.26–2.23, P < 0.001) increase in the hazard ratio for CVD events.ConclusionsThese findings identify opioid use as a non‐traditional risk factor for CVD events in community‐dwelling older adults.
Controllable Synthesis of Mono‐ and Bis‐sulfenylindoles from Indoles and Various Sulfenylation Agents Using KI/SeO2 System
Authors: Benchawan Thewika , Saeeng Rungnapha 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn efficient method for selective synthesis of mono‐ and bis‐sulfenylindoles was developed using a novel aerobic catalytic oxidation system KI/SeO2 for sulfenylation of indoles with disulfide/thiols. The selectivity was controlled by varying the amount of the catalytic system and sulfenylation agents. The reaction features easy operation, mild reaction conditions, good atom economy, gram‐scalability, and a metal‐free approach furnishing desired products in up to excellent yields.
Covalent anionic copolymer coatings with tunable electroosmotic flow for optimization of capillary electrophoretic separations
Authors: Šolínová Veronika , Tůma Petr , Butnariu Maria , Kašička Václav , Koval Dušan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present a method for finely adjustable electroosmotic flow (EOF) velocity in cathodic direction for the optimization of separations in capillary electrophoresis. To this end, we use surface modification of the separation fused silica capillary by the covalently attached copolymer of acrylamide (AM) and 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonate (AMPS), that is, poly(AM‐co‐AMPS) or PAMAMPS. Coatings were formed by the in‐capillary polymerization of a mixture of the neutral AM and anionic AMPS monomers premixed in various ratios in order to control the charge density of the copolymer. EOF mobility varies in the 0 to ∼40 × 10−9 m2 V−1 s−1 interval for PAMAMPS coatings ranging from 0 to 60 mol.% of charged AMPS monomer. For EOF in PAMAMPS‐treated capillaries, we observed (i) a negligible dependence on pH in the 2–10 interval, (ii) a minor variance among background electrolytes (BGEs) in function of their components and (iii) its standard decrease with increasing ionic strength of the BGE. Interest in variable cathodic EOF was demonstrated by the amelioration of separation of two kinds of isomeric anionic analytes, that is, monosaccharides phosphates and helquat enantiomers, in counter‐EOF mode.
A comprehensive literature review and meta‐analysis of the prevalence of pan‐cancer BRCA mutations, homologous recombination repair gene mutations, and homologous recombination deficiencies
Authors: Shao Changxia , Wan Jun , Lam Fred C. , Tang Huilin , Marley Andrew R. , Song Yiqing , Miller Chelsey , Brown Madeline , Han Jiali , Adeboyeje Gboyega 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is significant improvement in the outcomes following treatment with PARP inhibitors among patients with certain tumors that have BRCA mutations (BRCAm), homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene mutations, or homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) positivity. We performed a literature review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the prevalence of BRCA1/2m, HRR gene mutations, and HRD positivity across multiple cancers. There were 265 publications on BRCA1/2 mutation prevalence, 189 on HRR gene mutation prevalence, and 7 on HRD positivity prevalence. The prevalences of germline BRCA1m and BRCA2m were 7.8% and 5.7% for breast cancer, 13.5% and 6.6% for ovarian cancer, 0.5% and 3.5% for prostate cancer, and 1.1% and 4.1% for pancreatic cancer, respectively. The prevalences of somatic BRCA1m and BRCA2m were 3.4% and 2.7% for breast cancer, 4.7% and 2.9% for ovarian cancer, 5.7% and 3.2% for prostate cancer, and 1.2% and 2.9% for pancreatic cancer, respectively. We identified 189 studies with over 418,649 samples across 25 tumor types that examined mutations in one or more HRR genes other than BRCA1/2. The prevalence of mutations among HRR genes remained low (less than 1%), with ATM (5.2%), CHEK2 (1.6%), and PALB2 (0.9%) exhibiting the highest prevalence. Seven studies evaluated HRD positivity in breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer patients. The prevalence of HRD positivity was 56% overall (95% CI = 48%–64%). The understanding of biomarker prevalence across tumor types and standardization of biomarker assays could have important clinical implications.
An efficient IoMT based health monitoring using complex valued deep CNN and political optimizer
Authors: Kavitha D. , Vidhya A. , Prema V. , Priyadharshini M. , Kumaresan G. , Sangeetha G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the field of prevalent computing, human living becomes smart with the recent developments on the IoMT, telecommunication methods and wearable sensors to provide smart healthcare systems. The IoMT plays a significant role in decreasing the mortality rate through the early recognition of disease. The prediction of the disease is the key problem in medical database analysis. In this paper, the novel smart healthcare structure for observing the physical actions of the matured people with the help of the IoMT and deep learning algorithms are utilized for quicker examination and improved treatment suggestions. The data is gathered from several wearable sensors positioned on the person's chest, right arm and left ankle is broadcasted via the IoMT gadgets to the merged cloud as well as the data analysis layer. The complex‐valued deep convolutional neural network with an improved political optimizer (CDCNNIP) approach perfectly suits the MapReduce model is employed for identifying the movement practiced by various body portions, which offer high flexibility and improved performance when compared to other classifiers. The accuracy of the complex‐valued deep Convolutional neural network is enhanced using the improved political optimizer (IPO). The proposed structure detects 12 physical actions and produces an accuracy of 98.5%. This highest‐value accuracy is considered as the best solution for the identification of physical actions hence observing the medical settings of the aged people.
A probabilistic thermal radiation analysis of cooking hob separation distance in open plan kitchens
Authors: Spearpoint Michael , Hopkin Charlie , Hopkin Danny 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCooking oil fires present a hazard to the occupants of residential flats with open plan kitchens where the means of escape passes fixed cooking appliances. Recent guidance has proposed a separation distance of 1.8 m from a hob/stovetop, but the basis of this advice is unclear. This paper carries out a probabilistic thermal radiation analysis using the thermal fractional effective dose (FED) methodology to assess the likelihood that the specified separation distance will be exceeded. Statistical data collected from a previous survey of cooking oil usage is used to determine reasonable worst‐case maximum heat release rate values as input to the point source model to calculate thermal radiation exposure. Occupant exposure times are assessed using walking speeds based on occupant demographics. The analysis suggests that the 1.8 m criterion equates to approximately a 99th percentile where there is no cap on the heat flux that an occupant can tolerate. This falls to the 88th percentile when the maximum tolerable heat flux is capped at 2.5 kW/m2to account for vulnerable occupants.
Development and validation of prognostic nomograms in patients with ascending type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Retrospective study based on SEER database
Authors: Chen Kai‐Hua , Jiang Yu‐Ting , Zhao Rong , Sun Yong‐Chu , Zhu Xiao‐Dong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundNomograms specifically used to predict the prognosis of ascending type nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have not been constructed.MethodsData of ascending type (T3‐4N0‐1M0) NPC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2004 and 2015 were extracted.ResultsAltogether 862 patients with ascending type NPC were enrolled, including 603 in training cohort and 259 in validation cohort. Age, marital status, pathology, grade, tumor size, T classification, and chemotherapy were the independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). Age, marital status, pathology, grade, and chemotherapy were the independent prognostic factors for cancer‐specific survival (CSS). In training cohort, the concordance index of the OS and CSS nomograms were 0.694 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.677–0.711) and 0.678 (95%CI, 0.659–0.697), respectively, while those in validation cohort were 0.740 (95%CI, 0.715–0.765) and 0.708 (95%CI, 0.679–0.737), separately.ConclusionThe as‐constructed nomograms for ascending type NPC could provide accurate prognostic predictions of OS and CSS.
Perceived stress and its impact on the health behavior of Chinese residents during the COVID‐19 epidemic: An Internet‐based cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Yao Lili , Xiong Ying , Yuan Feng , Luo Yetao , Yan Lupei , Li Yuerong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) causes severe respiratory illnesses, following exposure to air‐borne droplets or direct contact, posing a great threat to human life. This study aimed to investigate perceived stress and its correlation with the health behaviors of Chinese residents during the COVID‐19 epidemic.MethodsAn Internet survey was conducted among 2449 residents in 20 provinces of China on residents' perceived stress, perception of COVID‐19, and health behaviors. SAS 9.4 was used to analyze the relationship between health behaviors and perceived stress, and logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing health risk stress.ResultsThe participants' perceived stress score was 22.25 ± 7.2 (total 56), and the incidence of health risk stress was 39.89% (977/2449). Females, students, and medical staff were at high risk. Health risk stress refers to a level of stress that is hazardous to health (score over 25). Perceived stress increased, while the frequency of health behaviors decreased. Age, perception of susceptibility to COVID‐19, life‐threatening level of COVID‐19, perception of the importance of home isolation, and perception of the difference between a common cold and COVID‐19 were positively related to the occurrence of health risk stress.ConclusionsA negative correlation was found between health behaviors and perceived stress. Therefore, it is of great significance to provide psychological interventions for those who are experiencing health risk stress and to promote their health behaviors.
Improvement of dissolved organic nitrogen extraction accuracy in unsaturated zones
Authors: Liu Shixuan , Yang Zhixiang , Liu Yang , Zheng Xilai , Yang Huiyu , Walther Marc , Zheng Tianyuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDissolved organic nitrogen (DON) plays a crucial role in biogeochemical processes of nitrogen (N) and has become a non‐negligible source of increasing groundwater nitrogen contamination. Therefore, the extraction accuracy of DON in unsaturated zones is essential for sound understanding of N transport, transformation behaviour and contamination processes. However, there is no uniform extraction standard for measuring DON content in the unsaturated zone. Moreover, the influences of various extraction conditions on the DON measurement are not clear. Hereby, we are the first to address the issues associated with all the extraction indicators (extractant types and concentrations, extraction duration, frequency, and solution volume‐to‐soil weight ratio) for the DON extraction accuracy in unsaturated zones, and present a comprehensive influence analyses. Our results revealed that extraction conditions could significantly influence the extraction accuracy of DON and that the principal impact factor was the concentration of the extractant. We also found that the widely used previous extraction approaches (high‐salinity extraction method) would induce high uncertainty in measuring the DON content in unsaturated zones of different areas. Furthermore, the opposing influences from the ions of extractants can seriously affect the assessment of DON content and hinder comparability even using the same extraction method, which could severely affect the assessment of the DON content in unsaturated zones. Such uncertainty in measurements will eventually influence the observation and evaluation of groundwater nitrogen contamination. Our results demonstrated that the use of the former DON extraction method without considering the research purposes and the specific study areas would lead to a strong bias. Based on detailed response surface analysis, we provide a comprehensive analysis related to the accuracy of DON extraction, which is conducive to improving the extraction accuracy of nitrogen research in global groundwater hydrological processes in the future.
Whether it is safe to start anticoagulation after intracranial hemorrhage within 2 weeks: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Huang Xue‐Yan , Zhang Jun‐Yan , Yu Chang‐Yin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhether restarting anticoagulation (RA) treatment after intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is still controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to summarize the relationship between anticoagulation after ICH with the recurrence of hemorrhagic events, ischemic events, and long‐term mortality. Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from inception to November 2020. We searched the published medical literature to ensure cohort studies involving ICH associated with anticoagulation in adults. Primary outcomes were long‐term mortality, hemorrhagic events, and ischemic events (myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, ischemic stroke, or systemic embolization). We concluded seven retrospective cohorts, including 1876 intracranial hemorrhage patients with indications of anticoagulation. The ratio of the anticoagulant restart was 35.3% (664n). RA was associated with a significantly lower incidence of recurrent ischemic events (pooled odds ratio [OR] 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19% to 0.45%, p = 0.97) and death events (pooled OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.40%–0.79%, p = 0.27). There is no evidence that early recovery of anticoagulation (within 2 weeks or 1 month) is associated with the occurrence of hemorrhagic events (within 2 weeks: pooled OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.3–2.12, p = 0.52 vs. within 1 month: pooled OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.77–1.68, p = 0.82). Based on these, recovery of anticoagulation after ICH is beneficial for long‐term mortality and recurrence of ischemic events. The meta‐analysis showed a resumption of oral anticoagulation within 2 weeks or 1 month in patients who had a cerebral hemorrhage was beneficial and did not increase the risk of hemorrhagic events and reduced the occurrence of ischemic and fatal endpoint events.
Enantiomer Adsorption in an Applied Magnetic Field: D‐ and L‐Aspartic Acid on Ni(100)
Authors: Radetic Michael , Gellman Andrew J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere have been several reports of the enantiospecific adsorption of chiral compounds from solution onto ferromagnetic surfaces in applied magnetic fields. This work studies the kinetics of D‐ and L‐aspartic acid (Asp) adsorption onto a Ni(100) surface in a 0.45 T applied magnetic field under ultra‐high vacuum (UHV) conditions. Desorption studies performed after exposing the Ni(100) sample to L‐Asp revealed no influence of the applied magnetic field on the adsorption kinetics. Similarly, concurrent exposure of the Ni(100) surface to a mixture of isotopically labeled L*‐Asp and D‐Asp resulted in no detectable field induced differences in the relative enantiomer coverages adsorbed onto the surface. In summary, the presence of an applied magnetic field had no detectable influence on the adsorption kinetics of Asp enantiomers on a Ni(100) surface under UHV conditions. This is in contrast to the magnetic field induced adsorption enantiospecificity observed in solution phase. The possible origins of this discrepancy are considered.
Counseling for stress urinary incontinence in the era of adverse publicity around mesh usage: Results from a large‐sample global survey
Authors: Zilberlicht Ariel , Karmakar Debjyoti , Dwyer Peter L. , Chan Garson , Schierlitz Lore 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate doctors' opinions of the use of synthetic mesh for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and the effect on patient's attitude following recent adverse publicity and legal findings.MethodsElectronic survey approved by International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) and American Urogynecologic Society (AUGS), distributed to their members.ResultsA total of 593 respondents completed the survey. The preferred initial surgical treatment for SUI was retropubic midurethral sling (MUS) (62%), followed by trans‐obturator MUS (19%), mini‐slings (10%), and then bulking agents (5%). Despite prolongation of consultation, most respondents (87%) believed that clinicians should provide a patient information leaflet (PIL) for their patients. However, only 70% of respondents were doing this. Most participants would use either the IUGA PIL or their institution PIL (61%). Only 8% felt that patients have a positive preconception of synthetic mesh for SUI. Eighty‐three per cent of respondents had not changed their recommendations for treatment and the consent process. A logistic regression model identified preferences of certain geographic areas as predictors of consenting practices.ConclusionDespite the negative publicity and the current medicolegal litigation involving MUS for SUI treatment, the majority of respondents still prefer this as the initial surgical treatment. Most clinicians value PIL in the surgical consent process.