bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable production: The economic returns of circular economy practices
Authors: Antonioli Davide , Ghisetti Claudia , Mazzanti Massimiliano , Nicolli Francesco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAssessing the economic consequences of sustainable production choices aimed at reducing negative environmental externalities is crucial for policy making, in light of the increasing interest and awareness experienced in recent EU policy packages. This assessment is one of the goals of the current work, which tries to provide new empirical evidence on the economic returns of circular economy practices, drawing on previous literature on the underlying determinants of greener production choices, which are stated to differ from standard technological innovations as they are subject to a knowledge and an environmental externality. Using an original dataset on approximately 3000 Italian manufacturing firms, we provide evidence on the relations among innovations related to the circular economy concept and economic outcome in the short run. The evidence shows that in the short run, it is difficult to obtain economic gains from circular economy related innovations when taken in isolation, especially for Small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs), who may also experience negative returns.
Development and evaluation of a colorectal cancer screening method using machine learning‐based gut microbiota analysis
Authors: Konishi Yusuke , Okumura Shintaro , Matsumoto Tomonori , Itatani Yoshiro , Nishiyama Tsuyoshi , Okazaki Yuki , Shibutani Masatsune , Ohtani Naoko , Nagahara Hisashi , Obama Kazutaka , Ohira Masaichi , Sakai Yoshiharu , Nagayama Satoshi , Hara Eiji 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAccumulating evidence indicates that alterations of gut microbiota are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, the use of gut microbiota for the diagnosis of CRC has received attention. Recently, several studies have been conducted to detect the differences in the gut microbiota between healthy individuals and CRC patients using machine learning‐based gut bacterial DNA meta‐sequencing analysis, and to use this information for the development of CRC diagnostic model. However, to date, most studies had small sample sizes and/or only cross‐validated using the training dataset that was used to create the diagnostic model, rather than validated using an independent test dataset. Since machine learning‐based diagnostic models cause overfitting if the sample size is small and/or an independent test dataset is not used for validation, the reliability of these diagnostic models needs to be interpreted with caution. To circumvent these problems, here we have established a new machine learning‐based CRC diagnostic model using the gut microbiota as an indicator. Validation using independent test datasets showed that the true positive rate of our CRC diagnostic model increased substantially as CRC progressed from Stage I to more than 60% for CRC patients more advanced than Stage II when the false positive rate was set around 8%. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference in the true positive rate between samples collected in different cities or in any part of the colorectum. These results reveal the possibility of the practical application of gut microbiota‐based CRC screening tests.
Acute pericarditis complicated with pericardial effusion as first presentation of COVID‐19 in an adult sudanese patient: A case report
Authors: Osman Waddah Aljaely Mohamed , Ahmed Abdelmuniem Siddig Mohamed , Eljack Moh. Mah. Fadelallah , Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed Khabab , S. Haroun Mazin , Abdelrahim Abdalla Yassin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAcute pericarditis is an uncommon presentation of COVID‐19. Here, we described a case of a 50‐year‐old male patient who presented with chest pain without fever or cough and diagnosed with acute pericarditis complicated by pericardial effusion due to COVID‐19 after exclusion of other causes and received supportive treatment and improved over two weeks.
Mixed neuroendocrine–non‐neuroendocrine neoplasm associated with autoimmune gastritis
Authors: Mori Naoko , Hongo Masanori , Takemura Shizuki , Sugitani Yoshihiko , Nakamura Fumiyasu , Tani Masaji , Nishida Atsushi , Inatomi Osamu , Andoh Akira , Ban Hiromitsu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA 60‐year‐old woman presented with a protruding tumor at the anterior wall of the middle gastric body, and she was positive for anti‐parietal cells antibodies with elevated serum gastrin level. Final diagnosis was a mixed neuroendocrine–non‐neuroendocrine neoplasm consisting of adenocarcinoma (tub1) and neuroendocrine tumor G2 with autoimmune gastritis.
2‐Aminoalkylgold Complexes: The Putative Intermediate in Au‐Catalyzed Hydroamination of Alkenes Does Not Protodemetalate
Authors: Gubler Joël , Radić Mitar , Stöferle Yannick , Chen Peter 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAu‐catalyzed hydroamination proceeds well for alkynes but not alkenes. We report gas‐phase binding energies of alkenes and alkynes to a cationic Au center, which indicate that differences in binding are not the origin of the disparate chemical behavior. We further report the synthesis and characterization of 2‐aminoalkylgold complexes, which would be the intermediates in a hypothetical Au‐catalyzed hydroamination of styrene. The reactivity of the well‐characterized and isolable complexes reveals that protonation or alkylation of the 2‐aminoalkylgold complexes results in amine elimination in solution, and in the gas phase, indicating that the failure of Au‐catalyzed alkene hydroamination derives from a non‐competitive protodeauration step. We analyze possible transition states for the protodeauration, and identify an insufficiently strong Au‐proton interaction as the reason that the transition states lie too high in energy to compete.
A Terphenyl Supported Dioxophosphorane Dimer: the Light Congener of Lawesson's and Woollins’ Reagents
Authors: English Laura E. , Pajak Aleksandra , McMullin Claire L. , Lowe John P. , Mahon Mary F. , Liptrot David J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThermolysis of a 1,3‐dioxa‐2‐phospholane supported by the terphenyl ligand AriPr4(AriPr4=[C6H3‐2,6‐(C6H3‐2,6‐iPr2)]) at 150 °C gives [AriPr4PO2]2via loss of ethene. [AriPr4PO2]2was characterised by X‐ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy; it contains a 4‐membered P−O−P−O ring and is the isostructural oxygen analogue of Lawesson's and Woollins’ reagents. The dimeric structure of [AriPr4PO2]2was found to persist in solution through VT NMR spectroscopy and DOSY, supported by DFT calculations. The addition of DMAP to the 1,3‐dioxa‐2‐phospholane facilitates the loss of ethene to give AriPr4(DMAP)PO2after days at room temperature, with this product also characterised by X‐ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Replacement of the DMAP with pyridine induces ethene loss from the 1,3‐dioxa‐2‐phospholane to provide gram‐scale samples of [AriPr4PO2]2in 75 % yield in 2 days at only 100 °C.
Anomeric Stereoauxiliary Cleavage of the C−N Bond of d‐Glucosamine for the Preparation of Imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridines
Authors: Zeng Kui , Ye Jin , Meng Xintong , Dechert Sebastian , Simon Martin , Gong Shuaiyu , Mata Ricardo A. , Zhang Kai 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe targeted cleavage of the C−N bonds of alkyl primary amines in sustainable compounds of biomass according to a metal‐free pathway and the conjunction of nitrogen in the synthesis of imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridines are still highly challenging. Despite tremendous progress in the synthesis of imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridines over the past decade, many of them can still not be efficiently prepared. Herein, we report an anomeric stereoauxiliary approach for the synthesis of a wide range of imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridines after cleaving the C−N bond of d‐glucosamine (α‐2° amine) from biobased resources. This new approach expands the scope of readily accessible imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridines relative to existing state‐of‐the‐art methods. A key strategic advantage of this approach is that the α‐anomer of d‐glucosamine enables C−N bond cleavage via a seven‐membered ring transition state. By using this novel method, a series of imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine derivatives (>80 examples) was synthesized from pyridine ketones (including para‐dipyridine ketone) and aldehydes (including para‐dialdehyde). Imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine derivatives containing diverse important deuterated C(sp2)−H and C(sp3)−H bonds were also efficiently achieved.
Engineered Environment‐Friendly Colloidal Core/Shell Quantum Dots for High‐Efficiency Solar‐Driven Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Long Zhihang , Tong Xin , Wang Rui , Channa Ali Imran , Li Xin , You Yimin , Xia Li , Cai Mengke , Zhao Hongyang , Wang Zhiming M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract“Green” colloidal quantum dots (QDs)‐based photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells are promising solar energy conversion systems possessing environmental friendliness, cost‐effectiveness, and highly efficient solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion. In this work, eco‐friendly AgInSe (AISe)/ZnSe core/shell QDs with wurtzite (WZ) phase were synthesized for solar hydrogen production. It was demonstrated that appropriately engineering the ZnSe shell thickness resulted in effective surface defects passivation of the AISe core for suppressed charge recombination in the consequent core/shell AISe/ZnSe QDs. The fabricated environmentally friendly core/shell QDs‐based PEC device exhibited improved photo‐excited electrons extraction efficiency under optimized conditions and delivered a maximum photocurrent density as high as 7.5 mA cm−2 and long‐term durability under standard AM 1.5G illumination (100 mW cm−2). These findings suggest that AISe/ZnSe core/shell QDs with tailored optoelectronic properties are potential light sensitizers for eco‐friendly, cost‐effective, and highly efficient solar energy conversion applications.
QoS‐aware IoT networks and protocols: A comprehensive survey
Authors: Dilek Selma , Irgan Kerem , Guzel Metehan , Ozdemir Suat , Baydere Sebnem , Charnsripinyo Chalermpol 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThe vast number of smart cloud applications that communicate with the “things” over a variety of physical networks and communication protocols contribute to the rise of complexity in Internet of Things (IoT) systems. The diversity of end‐user requirements related to the volume of generated data, its variety, and the velocity of its transmission makes quality of service (QoS) provisioning even more crucial and challenging in IoT. This paper provides a comprehensive and up‐to‐date survey of QoS support in IoT networks and communication protocols. An analysis of the QoS‐aware IoT architectures, layer‐dependent QoS metrics, and network resource optimization methods utilized in IoT systems are given. The limitations of the current state‐of‐the‐art studies for efficient delivery of QoS metrics are discussed. The paper concludes with future research directions on end‐to‐end QoS provisioning in IoT.
Effects of climate change on the distribution of wild Akebia trifoliata
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Ming , Peng Xiang‐Yong , Song Min‐Li , Li Zhen‐Jian , Xu Xin‐Qiao , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the impacts and constraints of climate change on the geographical distribution of wild Akebia trifoliata is crucial for its sustainable management and economic development as a medicinal material or fruit. In this study, according to the first‐hand information obtained from field investigation, the distribution and response to climate change of A. trifoliata were studied by the MaxEnt model and ArcGIS. The genetic diversity and population structure of 21 natural populations of A. trifoliata were studied by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The results showed that the most important bioclimatic variable limiting the distribution of A. trifoliata was the Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter (bio11). Under the scenarios SSP1‐2.6 and SSP2‐4.5, the suitable area of A. trifoliata in the world will remain stable, and the suitable area will increase significantly under the scenarios of SSP3‐7.0 and SSP5‐8.5. Under the current climate scenario, the suitable growth regions of A. trifoliata in China were 79.9–122.7°E and 21.5–37.5°N. Under the four emission scenarios in the future, the geometric center of the suitable distribution regions of Akebia trifoliata in China will move to the north. The clustering results of 21 populations of A. trifoliata analyzed by SSR markers showed that they had a trend of evolution from south to north.
Benefits and limitations of a new genome‐based PCR‐RFLP genotyping assay (GB‐RFLP): A SNP‐based detection method for identification of species in extremely young adaptive radiations
Authors: Kratochwil Claudius F. , Kautt Andreas F. , Rometsch Sina J. , Meyer Axel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHigh‐throughput DNA sequencing technologies make it possible now to sequence entire genomes relatively easily. Complete genomic information obtained by whole‐genome resequencing (WGS) can aid in identifying and delineating species even if they are extremely young, cryptic, or morphologically difficult to discern and closely related. Yet, for taxonomic or conservation biology purposes, WGS can remain cost‐prohibitive, too time‐consuming, and often constitute a “data overkill.” Rapid and reliable identification of species (and populations) that is also cost‐effective is made possible by species‐specific markers that can be discovered by WGS. Based on WGS data, we designed a PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) assay for 19 Neotropical Midas cichlid populations (Amphilophus cf. citrinellus), that includes all 13 described species of this species complex. Our work illustrates that identification of species and populations (i.e., fish from different lakes) can be greatly improved by designing genetic markers using available “high resolution” genomic information. Yet, our work also shows that even in the best‐case scenario, when whole‐genome resequencing information is available, unequivocal assignments remain challenging when species or populations diverged very recently, or gene flow persists. In summary, we provide a comprehensive workflow on how to design RFPL markers based on genome resequencing data, how to test and evaluate their reliability, and discuss the benefits and pitfalls of our approach.
Areas of species diversity and endemicity of Nepal
Authors: Joshi Mohan Dev , Joshi Chudamani 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, we analyzed the distribution and the spatial pattern of species diversity of vascular plants in Nepal. The aim was to identify and evaluate the occurrence and status of species‐rich areas in Nepal using ecological and environmental drivers. We used 52,973 georeferenced herbarium specimen records, representing 2650 species collected from Nepal. Altogether, 41 environmental variables were used for model development and validation. We used MaxEnt to predict the distribution pattern. All the significant species distribution predictions were then used to develop a species richness and endemism pattern in Nepal. The High Mountain and Himalaya, particularly east and central Nepal, were found to be species diverse and endemically rich areas, whereas western Nepal had lower species richness. We observed that isothermality, slope, rugosity, potential evapotranspiration, precipitation of humid months, temperature annual range, mean diurnal range, and normalized difference in vegetation index of humid months were the most influential environmental and climatic variables. We observed that about 60% of the areas, which had highest richness and endemism values, are still not included in protected areas in Nepal. We quantitatively analyzed the species richness and endemicity patterns of Nepal and were able to identify 19 areas of high species diversity and endemicity, six of which are newly identified.
Rapid recovery of depleted abalone in Isla Natividad, Baja California, Mexico
Authors: Smith Alexandra , Aguilar Juan Domingo , Boch Charles , De Leo Giulio , Hernández‐Velasco Arturo , Houck Stephanie , Martinez Ramón , Monismith Stephen , Torre Jorge , Woodson C. Brock , Micheli Fiorenza 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the last decades, many marine invertebrates have experienced dramatic declines throughout many coastal marine ecosystems worldwide due to overfishing, disease outbreaks, and climate vulnerability. Despite extensive conservation and restoration effort, evidence of successful population recovery is rare. In this work, we document mass mortality events of pink and green abalone (Haliotis corrugata and Haliotis fulgens) in 2009–2010, and their subsequent rapid recovery following the continued enforcement and monitoring of two voluntary no‐take reserves by the local fishing cooperative (2006–present) and a 6‐year fishing closure (2012–2017) around Isla Natividad, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Age data collected from harvested abalone in 2019 suggest recruitment was maintained throughout the years when abundance was lowest following mass mortalities. The observed 6 to 8‐year time frame for recovery is consistent with scenarios presented in previous modeling studies, where marine reserves and other measures aimed at protecting large spawners predicted the potential for rapid recovery of abalone populations. This case study supports the effectiveness of a portfolio of resilience strategies, which include combining climate refugia and marine reserves, adherence to conservative annual fishing quotas, fishing closures, minimum size limitations, and ecological monitoring. Importantly, this example showcases how close collaboration between fishers, resource managers, scientists, and non‐governmental organization (NGOs) is critical for designing, implementing, and learning from conservation and management interventions to reverse marine population and ecosystem decline, reinforcing the legacy of Dr. Pete Peterson's life work on fully integrating ecology with marine management and restoration.
Origins of Organic Chemistry and Organic Synthesis
Authors: Wentrup Curt 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe wordsorganicandsynthesisoriginate with Aristotle (meaning ‘instrumental’ and ‘put together’, respectively) but had different meanings over time. The iatrochemists prepared numerous pharmaceutical remedies in the 1600s but had no concept of organic chemistry. Buffon, Bergman and Gren defined organic bodies as living things in the 1700s, but discrete organic compounds remained unknown. In the late 1700s and early 1800s, organic natural products were isolated by Scheele, and Chevreuil separated carboxylic acids from saponification of fats. Organic chemistry had started. Lavoisier invented and Berzelius improved combustion analysis for organic characterization. Descartes’ dictum thatsynthesisis required to prove ananalysiswas enacted by Bergman and others. The concept of organic chemistry changed radically when Wöhler and Kolbe prepared organic compounds from the elements. Berthelot's syntheses of non‐natural fats in 1853 started modern synthetic organic chemistry as the chemistry of carbon compounds, regardless of whether occurring in Nature or not.
Nb4C3Tx (MXene)/Au/DNA Aptasensor for the Ultraselective Electrochemical Detection of Lead in Water Samples
Authors: Rasheed P. Abdul , Pandey Ravi P. , Jabbar Khadeeja A , Mahmoud Khaled A 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn electrochemical aptasensor was designed for the ultraselective and sensitive detection of Pb2+ by using lead‐specific binding DNA oligonucleotide as the molecular recognition element on Au nanoparticles/Nb4C3Tx MXene (Au@Nb4C3Tx) modified electrode. The Au@Nb4C3Tx is conjugated with thiol‐modified lead‐binding DNA through the Au−S bond. The DNA−Au@Nb4C3Tx modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited ultrahigh selectivity and enhanced response towards the detection of Pb2+ with a detection limit of 4 nM and linear range of 10 nM to 5 μM. This work has proved the possibility of using Nb4C3Tx as a robust immobilization platform for DNA oligonucleotides towards different environmental sensing and biomedical applications.
Polarography with non‐mercury electrodes: A review
Authors: Švancara Ivan , Mikysek Tomáš , Sýs Milan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article reviews non‐mercury configurations that have hitherto been reported in the literature as the working electrodes applicable in polarographic measurements. The individual types, namely gallium, liquid amalgams, dropping electrolyte, and carbon fluid electrodes, together with a carbon paste‐based assembly or even solid disc electrodes with a periodically renewable surface, are presented, discussed, and critically assessed with respect to their potential employment in the present day's electrochemistry and electroanalysis.
Solid particle solar receivers in the next‐generation concentrated solar power plant
Authors: Nie Fuliang , Bai Fengwu , Wang Zhifeng , Li Xiaobo , Yang Ronggui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSolid particles are generally considered to be the most suitable heat transfer fluid (HTF) and thermal energy storage (TES) materials for the next‐generation concentrated solar power (CSP) plant. The operating temperature of the solar receiver can be raised to exceed 800°C by the application of appropriate solid particles. In this way, power conversion efficiencies greater than 50% can be achieved with the supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) Brayton cycle. Solid particle solar receiver (SPSR) is the key equipment to absorb the concentrated solar flux, and its thermal performance is remarkably affected by receiver system designs, particle flow characteristics, and properties of solid particulate materials. This paper provides an in‐depth review of various SPSR technologies, as well as pertinent solid particle selections, optimization of the receiver system structures, particle flow characteristics, and heat transfer characteristics. The technical drawbacks, the large‐scale development prospects, and the potential optimization strategies of the various SPSR designs are highlighted by the comparative analysis of multiple parameters.image
ZIF‐8 derived CeO2‐Fe3O4@Fe‐N/C catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Hao Yanqi , Ge Lin , Chan Siew Hwa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLooking for non‐noble metal catalysts with low cost, high activity, and high stability to replace platinum in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has aroused great concern. According to previous studies, Fe‐Nx/C material is one of the most promising non‐noble metal catalysts for ORR. In this study, new Fe‐Nx/C material was synthesized by introducing CeO2 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles into a Fe‐Nx/C material derived from ZIF‐8 as precursors. The new material was called CeO2‐Fe3O4@Fe‐N/C catalyst and the activity of the catalyst was found to be significantly improved in 0.1 mol L−1 KOH. The half‐wave potential of CeO2‐Fe3O4@Fe‐N/C (0.892 V) is higher than that of Pt/C by 67 mV. In the stability test, the half‐wave potential of CeO2‐Fe3O4@Fe‐N/C was only reduced by 4 mV after 5,000 cycles. The high performance is attributed to the introduction of CeO2 and Fe3O4, which gives CeO2‐Fe3O4@Fe‐N/C enhanced electrocatalytic activity and long‐term stability. This approach makes CeO2‐Fe3O4@Fe‐N/C a promising candidate for cathode catalysts in renewable energy conversion devices.