bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence-enabled prediction model of student academic performance in online engineering education
Authors: Jiao Pengcheng , Ouyang Fan , Zhang Qianyun , Alavi Amir H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOnline education has been facing difficulty in predicting the academic performance of students due to the lack of usage of learning process, summative data and a precise prediction of quantitative relations between variables and achievements. To address these two obstacles, this study develops an artificial intelligence-enabled prediction model for student academic performance based on students’ learning process and summative data. The prediction criteria are first predefined to characterize and convert the learning data in an online engineering course. An evolutionary computation technique is then used to explore the best prediction model for the student academic performance. The model is validated using another online course that applies the same pedagogy and technology. Satisfactory agreements are obtained between the course outputs and model prediction results. The main findings indicate that the dominant variables in academic performance are the knowledge acquisition, the participation in class and the summative performance. The prerequisite knowledge tends not to play a key role in academic performance. Based on the results, pedagogical and analytical implications are provided. The proposed evolutionary computation-enabled prediction method is found to be a viable tool to evaluate the learning performance of students in online courses. Furthermore, the reported genetic programming model provides an acceptable prediction performance compared to other powerful artificial intelligence methods.
Probabilistic Learning of Cue-Outcome Associations is not Influenced by Autistic Traits
Authors: Ong Jia Hoong , Liu Fang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAccording to Bayesian/predictive coding models of autism, autistic individuals may have difficulties learning probabilistic cue-outcome associations, but empirical evidence has been mixed. The target cues used in previous studies were often straightforward and might not reflect real-life learning of such associations which requires learners to infer which cue(s) among many to track. Across two experiments, we compared adult learners with varying levels of autistic traits on their ability to infer the correct cue to learn probabilistic cue-outcome associations when explicitly instructed to do so or when exposed implicitly. We found no evidence for the effect of autistic traits on probabilistic learning accuracy, contrary to the predictions of Bayesian/predictive coding models. Implications for the current Bayesian/predictive coding models are discussed.
Automatic pore size measurements from scanning electron microscopy images of porous scaffolds
Authors: Hojat Nilly , Gentile Piergiorgio , Ferreira Ana M. , Šiller Lidija 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPore sizes and distribution are amongst the main morphological characteristics of porous scaffolds which indicate the suitability of scaffolds for many biological applications. Scaffolds usually have complex structures and are designed to have a specific range of pore sizes appropriate for target cells. Pore sizes are commonly estimated manually or based on semi-automatic techniques requiring high level of human intervention. Such methods are time consuming and subject to error, mainly due to lack of consistency in the process and subjective nature of the results following operator involvement. In this work, we present a novel image processing method for the measurement pore size distribution (the main morphological characteristics of scaffolds) independent from their complexity. We use thresholding, based on the histogram analysis, to segment pore areas from scaffold, followed by morphological filters to separate pores from each other. This algorithm provides robust detection and measurement of pore sizes and the distribution. The performance of the algorithm is assessed using standard calibration kit which is used for calibration of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imaging systems. The results showed consistent output with 1.3% average error as compared against their true size.The algorithm was applied to 3D Apatite-Wollastonite scaffolds manufactured using the Thermally Induced Phase Separation technique. The results were robust and consistent with visual evaluation of SEM images. The algorithm also provides the morphology of each pore and, subsequently, offering further comprehension of the influence of microstructures across a range of fields, such as tissue engineering processes.
Narrative entrepreneurship: bringing (his)story back to entrepreneurship
Authors: Audretsch David B. , Lehmann Erik E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNarrative entrepreneurship is the study of the spread and dynamics of popular narratives and stories focusing on the role and impact of entrepreneurs (stories of human interest and emotions), and how these change through time, to understand variation and heterogeneity in entrepreneurial activities across time and space. The term ‘narrative’ refers to a simple story or expressed explanation of events that many people want to bring up in conversation or on the news or social media because it can be used to stimulate the concerns or emotions of others and/or because it appears to advance self-interest. The field of entrepreneurship should be expanded to include serious quantitative study of changing popular narratives (theory development, experiments and econometric regressions). Narrative entrepreneurship is not only a product of reverse causality, from the outcomes to the narrative, but also from the narrative to the outcome (as we know from other fields such as marketing, philanthropy or education). The goal of this paper is to distil what we know, and should know, about narratives and stories to consider reasons to expect that stories and narratives might be thought of as important in the field of entrepreneurship and to stimulate future research to apply the concept of narrative into the field of entrepreneurship for both theory building and empirical analysis.
The role of similarity and complementarity in the selection of potential partners for open innovation projects in family firms
Authors: de Groote Julia K. , Schell Sabrina , Kammerlander Nadine , Hack Andreas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract Despite the increasing importance of open innovation endeavors, the process by which firms select partners for open innovation is not well understood. Even less is known about how family firms, which are characterized by their resource scarcity and desire for control, handle these processes. We aim to address this gap in the literature by investigating this selection process using a qualitative approach. Our findings are based on data gathered in 53 interviews from ten case studies and expert interviews, as well as secondary data. We find that, in order to engage in collaboration, family firms must manage their perceptions of the similarities and complementarities between themselves and their potential partner and integrate these into an accepted level of anticipated fit. During the selection phase, the elements of fit are weighed in light of the openness of the given firm and preferred levels and mechanisms of control, which are influenced by the family in the family firm. If the fit is deemed sufficient to enter into a partnership, the partnership is then advanced to the collaboration phase, where anticipated fit is translated into experienced fit, and aspects of similarity and complementarity are reassessed; this may potentially end existing partnerships, feeding back to future evaluations of fit and accordingly influencing future partnerships.
Modeling Mixing in Stratified Heterogeneous Media: The Role of Water Velocity Discretization in Phase Space Formulation
Authors: Soler-Sagarra Joaquim , Carrera Jesus , Bonet Enrique , Roig Carles , Becker Pablo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractModeling solute transport in heterogeneous porous media faces two challenges: scale dependence of dispersion and reproducing mixing separately from spreading. Both are crucial since real applications may require km scales whereas reactions, often controlled by mixing, may occur at the pore scale. Methods have been developed in response to these challenges, but none has satisfactorily characterized both processes. In this paper, we propose a formulation based on the Water Mixing Approach extended to account for velocity variability. Velocity is taken as an independent variable, so that concentration depends on time, space and velocity. Therefore, we term the formulation the Multi-Advective Water Mixing Approach. A new mixing term between velocity classes emerges in this formulation. We test it on Poiseuille’s stratified flow using the Water Parcel method. Results show high accuracy of the formulation in both dispersion and mixing. Moreover, the mixing process exhibits Markovianity in space even though it is modeled in time.
A real-world analysis of the influence of age on maintenance hemodialysis patients: managing serum phosphorus with sucroferric oxyhydroxide as part of routine clinical care
Authors: Rhee Connie M. , Zhou Meijiao , Woznick Rachael , Mullon Claudy , Anger Michael S. , Ficociello Linda H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
Despite the growing number of elderly hemodialysis patients, the influence of age on nutritional parameters, serum phosphorus (sP), and use of phosphate-binder (PB) medications has not been well characterized. We aimed to describe age-related differences in patient characteristics in a large, real-world cohort of maintenance hemodialysis patients, and to examine the impact of age on sP management with sucroferric oxyhydroxide (SO).

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed de-identified data from 2017 adult, in-center hemodialysis patients who switched from another PB to SO monotherapy as part of routine clinical care. Changes in baseline PB pill burden, sP levels, and nutritional and dialytic clearance parameters were assessed across varying age groups through 6 months.

Results
At baseline, older patients had lower mean sP, serum albumin, and pre-dialysis weights compared with younger patients. Prescription of SO was associated with a 62% increase in the proportion of patients achieving sP ≤ 5.5 mg/dl and a 42% reduction in daily pill burden. The proportion of patients achieving sP ≤ 5.5 mg/dl after transitioning to SO increased by 113, 96, 68, 77, 61, 37 and 40% among those aged 19–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥ 80 years, respectively.

Conclusions
Older patients had worse nutritional parameters, lower pill burden, and lower sP at baseline versus younger counterparts. Prescription of SO was associated with improved sP control and reduced pill burden across all ages.
iChip increases the success of cultivation of TBT-resistant and TBT-degrading bacteria from estuarine sediment
Authors: Polrot A. , Kirby J. R. , Olorunniji F. J. , Birkett J. W. , Sharples G. P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStandard methods of microbial cultivation only enable the isolation of a fraction of the total environmental bacteria. Numerous techniques have been developed to increase the success of isolation and cultivation in the laboratory, some of which derive from diffusion chambers. In a diffusion chamber, environmental bacteria in agar medium are put back in the environment to grow as close to their natural conditions as possible, only separated from the environment by semi-permeable membranes. In this study, the iChip, a device that possesses hundreds of mini diffusion chambers, was used to isolate tributyltin (TBT) resistant and degrading bacteria. IChip was shown to be efficient at increasing the number of cultivable bacteria compared to standard methods. TBT-resistant strains belonging to Oceanisphaera sp., Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp. and Shewanella sp. were identified from Liverpool Dock sediment. Among the isolates in the present study, only members of Pseudomonas sp. were able to use TBT as a sole carbon source. It is the first time that members of the genus Oceanisphaera have been shown to be TBT-resistant. Although iChip has been used in the search for molecules of biomedical interest here we demonstrate its promising application in bioremediation.
Metabolic and molecular responses of human patellar tendon to concentric- and eccentric-type exercise in youth and older age
Authors: Crossland Hannah , Brook Matthew S. , Quinlan Jonathan I. , Franchi Martino V. , Phillips Bethan E. , Wilkinson Daniel J. , Maganaris Constantinos N. , Greenhaff Paul L. , Szewczyk Nathaniel J. , Smith Kenneth , Narici Marco V. , Atherton Philip J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExercise training can induce adaptive changes to tendon tissue both structurally and mechanically; however, the underlying compositional changes that contribute to these alterations remain uncertain in humans, particularly in the context of the ageing tendon. The aims of the present study were to determine the molecular changes with ageing in patellar tendons in humans, as well as the responses to exercise and exercise type (eccentric (ECC) and concentric (CON)) in young and old patellar tendon. Healthy younger males (age 23.5 ± 6.1 years; n = 27) and older males (age 68.5 ± 1.9 years; n = 27) undertook 8 weeks of CON or ECC training (3 times per week; at 60% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM)) or no training. Subjects consumed D2O throughout the protocol and tendon biopsies were collected after 4 and 8 weeks for measurement of fractional synthetic rates (FSR) of tendon protein synthesis and gene expression. There were increases in tendon protein synthesis following 4 weeks of CON and ECC training (P < 0.01; main effect by ANOVA), with no differences observed between young and old males, or training type. At the transcriptional level however, ECC in young adults generally induced greater responses of collagen and extracellular matrix-related genes than CON, while older individuals had reduced gene expression responses to training. Different training types did not appear to induce differential tendon responses in terms of protein synthesis, and while tendons from older adults exhibited different transcriptional responses to younger individuals, protein turnover changes with training were similar for both age groups.
Theories of Independent Intelligences as a Lakatosian Research Program
Authors: Egeland Jonathan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTheories of different and independent types of intelligence constitute a Lakatosian research program, as they all claim that human intelligence has a multidimensional structure, consisting of independent cognitive abilities, and that human intelligence is not characterized by any general ability that is of greater practical importance, or that has greater predictive validity, than other, more specialized cognitive abilities. This paper argues that the independent intelligences research program is degenerating, since it has not led to novel, empirically corroborated predictions. However, despite its flaws, the program provides an illustrative example of some of the philosophical problems that inhere in Lakatos’s so-called “methodology”. Indeed, Lakatos’s conceptions of the negative heuristic, the positive heuristic, and the relationship between scientific appraisal and advice are all vulnerable to objections. The upshot is that theories of independent intelligences indeed teach us more about philosophy of science than about the nature of human intelligence.
Acid Gelation Properties of Camel Milk—Effect of Gelatin and Processing Conditions
Authors: Ho Thao M. , Zhao Jiadi , Bansal Nidhi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of glucono-delta-lactone (GDL) concentrations (0.8–1.2%, w/w), gelatin content (0.6–1.0%, w/w) and processing conditions on the properties of camel milk acid gels. Although the pH of camel milk reduced to 4.3 within 4 h of acidification at 1.0% GDL, it was unable to form a suitable gel for a yoghurt-like product unless gelatin was added. At 0.8% gelatin, camel milk gels had similar hardness, lower viscosity and rheological strength, and higher water holding capacity as compared to cow milk gels. Heating of camel milk (85 °C/15–20 min), 2-stage homogenization (150/50 bar) or their combination did not significantly affect the water holding capacity, hardness, viscosity, rheological strength and microstructure of camel milk gels. These processing conditions did not affect protein integrity as confirmed by sodium dodecyl-sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis.
Applying the Energy Efficiency First principle based on a decision-tree framework
Authors: Yu Songmin , Mandel Tim , Thomas Stefan , Brugger Heike 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEnergy Efficiency First (EEF) is an established principle for European Union (EU) energy policy design. It highlights the exploitation of demand-side resources and prioritizes cost-effective options from the demand-side over other options from a societal cost-benefit perspective. However, the involvement of multiple decision-makers makes it difficult to implement. Therefore, we propose a flexible decision-tree framework for applying the EEF principle based on a review of relevant areas and examples. In summary, this paper contributes to applying the EEF principle by defining and distinguishing different types of cases — (1) policy-making, and (2) system planning and investment — identifying the most common elements, and proposing a decision-tree framework that can be flexibly constructed based on the elements for different cases. Finally, we exemplify the application of this framework with two example cases: (1) planning for demand-response in the power sector, and (2) planning for a district heating system.
Social Connection, (Im)material Gains and Experiences of Inclusion of Asylum Seekers’ and Refugees’ Volunteering in Glasgow
Authors: Ramachandran Niroshan , Vathi Zana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVolunteering is an activity based on a non-profit idea of engagement in productive transactions. This paper examines why and how asylum seekers and refugees (ASRs) partake in volunteering focusing particularly on the everyday, mundane experiences of volunteering and the role of the material and financial gains as part of it. Data is drawn from 30 interviews conducted with ASRs from 15 countries residing in Glasgow, 20 interviews with the third sector and state agency staff, and supplemented by participant observation conducted in third sector organisations involved in ASRs’ integration and settlement. Despite the individual and situational differences, volunteering appeals to ASRs as it enables them to gain familiarity with and social connectivity in their new environs as well as supplements subsistence needs, providing material and financial benefits. These mundane and seemingly secondary gains from volunteering consist of the flesh of the otherwise abstract processes of inclusion, due to the symbolic and logistic significance they have in the ASRs’ lives.
The relationship between cognitive reserve and cognition in healthy adults: a systematic review
Authors: Panico Francesco , Sagliano Laura , Magliacano Alfonso , Santangelo Gabriella , Trojano Luigi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe concept of Cognitive Reserve (CR) refers to the individual differences allowing some people to cope better with brain pathology. The aim of the present review was to explore the relationship between CR and cognition in adulthood. This association has been addressed in several neuro(psycho)logical disorders and in healthy elderly people. However, few studies explored this issue in adulthood (age range 18–65), when individuals might take advantage the most from psychoeducational approaches aimed at increasing CR. For our systematic review, we selected studies assessing CR and adopting neuropsychological and experimental tasks for evaluation of cognitive functioning in healthy individuals. In the selected articles, we examined the relationship of singular proxies, composite indexes or standardized scales of CR with measures of general cognition, attention, inhibitory control, verbal fluency, constructional abilities, and verbal and spatial memory. The results suggested a positive relationship between singular CR proxies, composite indexes or standardized scales, and almost all the explored cognitive domains. No clear conclusion could be made on constructional abilities due to the scarcity of available studies. CR seems associated with better cognitive performance in adulthood, but definite methodological improvements and the use of standardized scales for CR are necessary to reduce inconsistencies among studies.
Tumor-to-tumor metastasis of colon cancer metastasizing to a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease: a case report
Authors: Natsui Hiroki , Kohisa Junji , Yoshikawa Seiichi , Takeuchi Manabu , Yagi Ryoma , Minagawa Masahiro , Tani Tatsuo , Usuda Hiroyuki , Terai Shuji 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVon Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) is frequently associated with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs). Here, we report a case of tumor-to-tumor metastasis in a VHL patient in whom colon cancer metastasized to the interior of a PNET. A 65-year-old man had undergone bilateral adrenalectomy for pheochromocytomas in both adrenal glands in his 50 s. Genetic screening was performed considering his family history of pheochromocytoma, and he was diagnosed with VHL. PNET was detected, for which the patient was regularly monitored by follow-up imaging. One year ago, the patient underwent right hemicolectomy to remove a tumor in the ascending colon (pT3N0M0, pStage IIA). He was admitted to our department for detailed examination because the pancreatic tumor had grown, and thus, pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. Diagnostic imaging and histological findings indicated tumor-to-tumor metastasis, in which the patient’s previous colon cancer had metastasized to and proliferated within the PNET. Colon cancer metastasizing to a PNET is extraordinarily rare and has never been reported in the literature. Thus, practitioners should be vigilant for tumor-to-tumor metastasis when performing imaging surveillance of PNETs.