bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of carbon nanotube size on the mode I interlaminar fracture behavior of E‐glass/epoxy nanocomposites: Static loading
Authors: Daricik Fatih , Aslan Zuleyha 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThree types of carboxyl‐functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used to manufacture MWCNT‐modified laminates. The effects of the MWCNTs on the mode I interlaminar fracture toughness and the fracture propagation were investigated experimentally. Fractured surfaces were inspected with SEM micrographs to justify the effects of MWCNTs on the mode I fracture of the laminate. The short‐thin MWCNTs in a weight ratio of 0.3% increases mode I interlaminar fracture resistance of the laminate by about 2 times. The effects of long‐thin and long‐thick MWCNTs are quite low. Polymer crazing is the most important mechanism to improve interlaminar fracture properties.
Investigation of effects of extreme environment conditions on multiwall carbon nanotube‐epoxy adhesive and adhesive joints
Authors: dos Reis Milvia Oliveira , Nascimento Hermano , Monteiro Elvis Carneiro , Leão Suchilla Garcia , Ávila Antonio Ferreira 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMechanical and thermal properties of epoxy‐multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) at different fractions (0.0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 wt%) were investigated. The dispersion of the nanotubes in an epoxy adhesive commonly used in an automotive application was performed using a grease worker. This device has a perforated plate, able to produce mechanical shear. To investigate the behavior of adhesive‐carbon nanotubes mixtures and the bonding performance, four groups were prepared using two different perforated plates, P1 and P2. All MWCNT‐epoxy were submitted to extreme environmental conditions, resumed as reference (non‐aged), 500 h at 100°C, 500 h at 95% of relative humidity at 40°C, and 500 h under salt spray. A reduction in glass transition temperature was observed with the addition of the nanofiller and no increases on statistic heat‐resistant index temperature were noticed in MWCNT‐epoxy produced using both plates. Changes in the peaks at 3300, 1510, and 835 cm−1 after aging were seen in infrared spectra. The MWCNT addition to pure epoxy increased the apparent shear strength by 14% using P1. In P2, which has the mechanical shear greater by a factor of 2, no significant differences were observed, due to defects and agglomeration of MWCNTs observed by image analysis.
Mind wandering in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Preliminary evaluation using the Mind Excessively Wandering Scale in a Japanese clinical population
Authors: Hayashi Wakaho , Tomita Akisa , Iwanami Akira 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimMind wandering (MW) has been closely associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, the field remains understudied in Japan. The present study examined MW in adults with ADHD using the Mind Excessively Wandering Scale (MEWS) in a Japanese clinical population.MethodsFifty‐two adults with ADHD (mean age, 33.0 years; 33 men), diagnosed per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM‐5) criteria, completed the MEWS, Mind Wandering Questionnaire, Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS), Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ), and Japanese Adult Reading Test‐25.ResultsThe mean MEWS score was 18.8 (standard deviation, 7.6). MEWS scores showed significant correlations with the CAARS Inattention/Memory Problems, Problems with Self‐Concept, DSM‐IV ADHD Symptoms Total, ADHD Index, and AQ scores. Higher MEWS scores were associated with greater ADHD and autism spectrum disorder symptoms in patients with ADHD.ConclusionOur results not only provide supporting evidence of the presence of excessive MW in adults with ADHD, but also indicate the heterogeneous nature of MW in ADHD.
The state of PSA counseling in male‐to‐female transgender patients in the U.S.
Authors: Marthi Siddharth , O'Rourke Timothy K. , Tucci Christopher , Pareek Gyan , Hyams Elias 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundMorbidity and mortality from prostate cancer (PCa) are known to vary heavily based on socioeconomic and demographic risk factors. We sought to describe prescreening PSA (prostate‐specific antigen) counseling (PPC) rates amongst male‐to‐female transgender (MtF‐TG) patients and non‐TG patients using the behavioral risk factor surveillance system (BRFSS).MethodsWe used the survey data from 2014, 2016, and 2018 BRFSS and included respondents aged 40–79 years who completed the “PCa screening” and “sexual orientation and gender identity” modules. We analyzed differences in age, education level, income level, marital status, and race/ethnicity using Pearson's χ2 tests. The association of PPC with MtF‐TG status and other patient characteristics was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression.ResultsA total of 175,383 respondents were included, of which 0.3% identified as MtF‐TG. Overall, 62.4% of respondents reported undergoing PPC. On univariate analysis, PPC rates were lower among MtF‐TG respondents when compared to the non‐TG group (58.3% vs. 62.4%, p = 0.03). MtF‐TG respondents were also more likely to report lower education level (p < 0.01), lower‐income level (p < 0.01), and were less likely to be white (p < 0.01) than non‐TG respondents. However, multivariate analysis adjusting for these respondent features demonstrated an association between higher income and higher education levels with increased odds of PPC, but no association was demonstrated between MtF‐TG status and PPC rates. PPC rates for the MtF‐TG and non‐TG populations did not change significantly over time.ConclusionsAlthough PPC was less frequently reported among MtF‐TG respondents than in the non‐TG group on univariate analysis, this association was not demonstrated when controlling for confounders, including education and income levels. Instead, on multivariate analysis, low education and income levels were more predictive of PPC rates. Further research is needed to ensure equivalent access to prescreening counseling for patients across the socioeconomic and gender identity spectrum.
A MCP‐Mod approach to designing and analyzing survival trials with potential non‐proportional hazards
Authors: Luo Xiaodong , Sun Yuan , Xu Zhixing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNon‐proportional hazards have been observed in many studies especially in immuno‐oncology clinical trials. Traditional analysis using the combined approach with log‐rank test as the significance test and Cox model for treatment effect estimation becomes questionable as this approach relies heavily on the proportional hazards assumption. Inspired by the MCP‐Mod (multiple comparisons and modeling approach) that has been widely used in dose‐finding studies, we propose a similar approach to handle non‐proportional hazards. Using this approach, efficacy signal is first established by a max‐combo test, after which hazard ratios across time will be estimated using a logically nested splines model. Simulations studies and real‐data examples are used to illustrate the use of this approach.
Band Alignment Engineering by Twist Angle and Composition Modulation for Heterobilayer
Authors: Kang Ting , Jin Zijing , Han Xu , Liu Yong , You Jiawen , Wong Hoilun , Liu Hongwei , Pan Jie , Liu Zhenjing , Tang Tsz Wing , Zhang Kenan , Wang Jun , Yu Junting , Li Dong , Pan Anlian , Pan Ding , Wang Jiannong , Liu Yuan , Luo Zhengtang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAtomically thin monolayer semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), exhibiting direct band gap and strong light‐matter interaction, are promising for optoelectronic devices. However, an efficient band alignment engineering method is required to further broaden their practical applications as versatile optoelectronics. In this work, the band alignment of two vertically stacked monolayer TMDs using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is effectively tuned by two strategies: 1) formulating the compositions of MoS2(1‐x)Se2x alloys, and 2) varying the twist angles of the stacked heterobilayer structures. Photoluminescence (PL) results combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculation show that by changing the alloy composition, a continuously tunable band alignment and a transition of type II‐type I‐type II band alignment of TMD heterobilayer is achieved. Moreover, only at moderate (10°–50°) twist angles, a PL enhancement of 28%–110% caused by the type I alignment is observed, indicating that the twist angle is coupled with the global band structure of heterobilayer. A heterojunction device made with MoS0.76Se1.24/WS2 of 14° displays a significantly high photoresponsivity (55.9 A W−1), large detectivity (1.07 × 1010 Jones), and high external quantum efficiency (135%). These findings provide engineering tools for heterostructure design for their application in optoelectronic devices.
Bisdemethoxycurcumin suppresses human brain glioblastoma multiforme GBM 8401 cell migration and invasion via affecting NF‐κB and MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 signaling pathway in vitro
Authors: Chen Chiung‐Ju , Shang Hung‐Sheng , Huang Yuan‐Li , Tien Ni , Chen Yung‐Liang , Hsu Sheng‐Yao , Wu Rick Sai‐Chuen , Tang Chien‐Lun , Lien Jin‐Cherng , Lee Mei‐Hui , Lu Hsu‐Feng , Hsia Te‐Chun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHuman glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the common cancer death in adults worldwide, and its metastasis will lead to difficult treatment. Finding compounds for future to develop treatment is urgent. Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), a natural product, was isolated from the rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa), which has been shown to against many human cancer cells. In the present study, we evaluated the antimetastasis activity of BDMC in human GBM cells. Cell proliferation, cell viability, cellular uptake, wound healing, migration and invasion, and western blotting were analyzed. Results indicated that BDMC at 1.5–3 μM significantly decreased the cell proliferation by MTT assay. BDMC showed the highest uptake by cells at 3 h. After treatment of BDMC at 12–48 h significantly inhibited cell motility in GBM 8401 cells by wound healing assay. BDMC suppressed cell migration and invasion at 24 and 48 h treatment by transwell chamber assay. BDMC significantly decreased the levels of proteins associated with PI3K/Akt, Ras/MEK/ERK pathways and resulted in the decrease in the expressions of NF‐κB, MMP‐2, MMP‐9, and N‐cadherin, leading to the inhibition of cell migration and invasion. These findings suggest that BDMC may be a potential candidate for the antimetastasis of human GBM cells in the future.
State‐of‐the‐art analytical approaches and strategies to assess disposal of drugs for wastewater‐based epidemiology
Authors: Quireyns Maarten , Boogaerts Tim , Van Wichelen Natan , Covaci Adrian , van Nuijs Alexander L. N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNot all residues of drugs found in influent wastewater are the result of consumption. Identifying intentional or accidental disposal is crucial in wastewater‐based epidemiology to ensure the accuracy of observed spatiotemporal trends in consumption patterns. So far, only a limited number of studies provided analytical evidence for the direct disposal of illicit drugs or pharmaceuticals. Additionally, only minimal standardization in the workflow is employed to distinguish direct disposal from consumption. PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases were searched using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA, 2020) guidelines. The search focused on wastewater‐based epidemiology publications in which the dumping event was strongly suspected or identified through (i) parent compound‐metabolite ratios, (ii) enantiomeric profiling, and (iii) nontarget and suspect screening. In total, 29 studies were included in this systematic literature review. This study aims to review existing approaches to assess direct disposal of drugs in influent wastewater, review literature for potential dumping events, and proposes a simple evidence‐based scoring system for the identification of direct disposal of drugs in influent wastewater, based on available analytical evidence. This framework is a first effort to standardize dumping/disposal assessment, while more research is needed to further refine the decision criteria and analytical techniques used within the proposed strategy.This article is categorized under:Toxicology > Drug AnalysisToxicology > Analytical
Interdisciplinary Explorations of Postmortem Interaction: An Introduction
Authors: Weiss-Krejci Estella , Becker Sebastian , Schwyzer Philip 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the present as in the past, the dead have been deployed to promote visions of identity, as well as ostensibly wider human values. Through a series of case studies from ancient Egypt through prehistoric, historic, and present-day Europe, this book discusses what is constant and what is locally and historically specific in our ways of interacting with the remains of the dead, their objects, and monuments. Postmortem interaction encompasses not only funerary rituals and intergenerational engagement with forebears, but also concerns encounters with the dead who died centuries and millennia ago. Drawing from a variety of disciplines such as archaeology, bioarchaeology, literary studies, ancient Egyptian philology and literature, and sociocultural anthropology, this volume provides an interdisciplinary account of the ways in which the dead are able to transcend temporal distances and engender social relationships. In this introduction, we highlight some unifying aspects of this book.
Shakespearean Exhumations: Richard III, the Princes in the Tower, and the Prehistoric Romeo and Juliet
Authors: Schwyzer Philip 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores how Shakespeare’s plays have been invoked and characterized in relation to three celebrated archaeological events over the last century: the exhumation of Richard III in Leicester (2012), the forensic examination of the putative remains of the Princes in the Tower (1933), and the discovery of a pair of embracing prehistoric skeletons near Mantua (2007). In the case of Richard III, archaeological and dramatic truths were seen as fundamentally opposed, with the hard evidence of archaeology triumphing over Shakespeare’s fiction. Eighty years previously, on the other hand, Shakespeare’s plays were cited as evidence that bones interred in Westminster Abbey really belonged to the murdered sons of Edward IV. In 2007, when the remains of a young man and woman were found locked in an embrace in a prehistoric grave in Valdaro, near Mantua, the combination of the posture and the location led inevitably to the skeletons being dubbed the “Neolithic Romeo and Juliet;” in this case, archaeological and dramatic truths were hailed as mutually confirming. Analysis of these events indicates that the contest of authority between Shakespeare and mortuary archaeology remains a surprisingly live issue, one that may shed light on what is at stake in the public fascination with both.
In Search of an Acceptable Past: History, Archaeology, and ‘Looted’ Graves in the Construction of the Frankish Early Middle Ages
Authors: Noterman Astrid A. , Klevnäs Alison 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Early Middle Ages have provided material for imagining selves and groups in a wide range of contexts since the earliest beginnings of the historical and archaeological disciplines. Considerable recent research has shown how modern political conflicts and regional-national identities have crystallized in this period in particular. This essay traces ways in which early medieval remains, mainly from the richly furnished cemeteries, have been brought into play in developing scholarly and popular accounts of the history of France. During the second half of the nineteenth century, the recovery of considerable numbers of finely worked grave goods from the large rural cemeteries provided material for studying and reevaluating Merovingian-period societies, previously only glimpsed in written sources and largely out-competed as national ancestors by the popular appeal of Gaulish warriors. Yet paradoxically, another form of discovery in the same burial grounds seemed to place them back in the Dark Ages: many graves were found to have been ransacked and robbed soon after burial, making the communities of the time appear lawless and barbarous. Archaeological attitudes towards excavated early medieval graves, and in particular the many thousands of graves already reopened in antiquity, not only highlight key aspects of the development of the discipline, but also reveal ways in which the remains of the dead may be integral to processes of national identity construction.
Training and Education
Authors: Hoare Steve , Hazell Philip , Kwan Polly , Sarmiento Karen , Lino Bianca 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Walker Unit has two principal educational functions; workforce development to increase the knowledge and skillset of clinicians, and supervised placement for students from a range of health disciplines. New appointees have access to an Introduction to CAMHS programme funded by the state government. The health service also provides orientation which incorporates mandatory training. In-house, the Walker Unit provides regular in-services to staff, and funds fortnightly supervision from an external provider. Advanced trainees in child and adolescent psychiatry and basic trainees in general psychiatry work in the unit. On observational placement are students from medicine, nursing, psychology, social work, and occupational therapy. Attention is given to preparing students for the intense nature of the programme and the clinical environment.
Invertible and Isometric Weighted Composition Operators
Authors: Mas Alejandro , Vukotić Dragan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe consider abstract Banach spaces of
analytic functions on general bounded domains that satisfy only a minimum number of axioms. We describe all invertible (equivalently, surjective) weighted composition operators acting on such spaces. For the spaces of analytic functions in the disk whose norm is given in terms of a natural seminorm (such as the typical spaces given in terms of derivatives), we describe all surjective weighted composition operators that are isometric. This generalizes a number of known results.
Injectors in $$\pi $$-Separable Groups
Authors: Arroyo-Jordá M. , Arroyo-Jordá P. , Dark R. , Feldman A. D. , Pérez-Ramos M. D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLet $$\pi $$
π
be a set of primes. We show that $$\pi $$
π
-separable groups have a conjugacy class of $${\mathfrak {F}}$$
F
-injectors for suitable Fitting classes $${\mathfrak {F}}$$
F
, which coincide with the usual ones when specializing to soluble groups.
Raucherassoziierte interstitielle Lungenerkrankungen
Authors: Röhrich Sebastian , Heidinger Benedikt H. , Prayer Florian , Kifjak Daria , Beer Lucian , Wassipaul Christian , Watzenböck Martin , Milos Ruxandra-Iulia , Prosch Helmut 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Klinisches Problem
Raucherassoziierte interstitielle Lungenerkrankungen umfassen heterogene pulmonale Pathologien, deren korrekte Diagnostik prognostische und therapeutische Konsequenzen hat. In diesem Artikel werden die gängigsten raucherassoziierten interstitiellen Lungenerkrankungen beschrieben sowie eine strukturierte Herangehensweise präsentiert, welche den diagnostischen Arbeitsprozess erleichtern kann.

Empfehlungen für die Praxis
Die Computertomographie (CT) besitzt einen hohen Stellenwert in der Diagnose der raucherassoziierten interstitiellen Lungenerkrankungen und kann dazu beitragen, Lungenbiopsien zu verhindern. Um eine hohe diagnostische Genauigkeit zu erreichen, sollten standardisierte Untersuchungsprotokolle sowie eine strukturierte Herangehensweise in der Befundung zur Anwendung kommen. In den entzündlich dominierten Stadien der respiratorischen Bronchiolitis (RB), der respiratorischen Bronchiolitis mit interstitieller Lungenerkrankung (RB-ILD) sowie der desquamativen interstitiellen Pneumonie (DIP) haben die Beendigung des Rauchens sowie Steroide den größten therapeutischen Effekt. Bei fibrotischen Veränderungen (z. B. im Rahmen einer idiopathischen pulmonalen Fibrose [IPF]) können antifibrotische Therapien mit Pirfenidon und Nintedanib zum Einsatz kommen. Patienten mit dem Verdacht auf raucherassoziierte interstitielle Lungenerkrankung sollten in multidisziplinären Boards abgeklärt und behandelt werden.
A roadmap to achieve pharmacological precision medicine in diabetes
Authors: Florez Jose C. , Pearson Ewan R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCurrent pharmacological treatment of diabetes is largely algorithmic. Other than for cardiovascular disease or renal disease, where sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and/or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are indicated, the choice of treatment is based upon overall risks of harm or side effect and cost, and not on probable benefit. Here we argue that a more precise approach to treatment choice is necessary to maximise benefit and minimise harm from existing diabetes therapies. We propose a roadmap to achieve precision medicine as standard of care, to discuss current progress in relation to monogenic diabetes and type 2 diabetes, and to determine what additional work is required. The first step is to identify robust and reliable genetic predictors of response, recognising that genotype is static over time and provides the skeleton upon which modifiers such as clinical phenotype and metabolic biomarkers can be overlaid. The second step is to identify these metabolic biomarkers (e.g. beta cell function, insulin sensitivity, BMI, liver fat, metabolite profile), which capture the metabolic state at the point of prescribing and may have a large impact on drug response. Third, we need to show that predictions that utilise these genetic and metabolic biomarkers improve therapeutic outcomes for patients, and fourth, that this is cost-effective. Finally, these biomarkers and prediction models need to be embedded in clinical care systems to enable effective and equitable clinical implementation. Whilst this roadmap is largely complete for monogenic diabetes, we still have considerable work to do to implement this for type 2 diabetes. Increasing collaborations, including with industry, and access to clinical trial data should enable progress to implementation of precision treatment in type 2 diabetes in the near future.
Graphical abstract
Higher return to pre-injury type of sports after revision anterior ligament reconstruction with lateral extra-articular tenodesis compared to without lateral extra-articular tenodesis
Authors: Keizer Michèle N. J. , Brouwer Reinoud W. , de Graaff Feike , Hoogeslag Roy A. G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the rate of return to pre-injury type of sports (RTS type) in patients after revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) compared to patients after revision ACLR without LET.

Methods
Seventy-eight patients who underwent revision ACLR with an autologous ipsilateral bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft with and without LET were included at least one year after surgery (mean follow-up: 43.9, SD: 29.2 months). All patients filled in a questionnaire about RTS type, the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the International Knee Documentation Committee subjective form (IKDCsubjective), and the Tegner activity score.

Results
The RTS type for revision ACLR with LET was 22 of 42 (52%), whereas 11 of 36 (31%) of the patients who underwent revision ACLR without LET returned to the pre-injury type of sport (p = 0.05). No significant differences were found in KOOS subscores, IKDCsubjective, and Tegner activity scores.

Conclusion
An additional LET increases the rate of RTS type after revision ACLR.

Level of evidence
III.