bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Particle surface functionalization affects mechanism of endocytosis and adverse effects of silver nanoparticles in mammalian kidney cells
Authors: Beus Maja , Pongrac Igor M. , Capjak Ivona , Ilić Krunoslav , Vrček Ena , Ćurlin Marija , Milić Mirta , Čermak Ana Marija Marjanović , Pavičić Ivan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show a plethora of possible applications due to their antimicrobial properties. Different coatings of AgNPs are used in order to increase stability, availability, and activity. However, the question about the toxicity after prolonged exposure still remains. Here, we show that different surface coatings affect in vitro toxicity and internalization of AgNPs in porcine kidney (PK15) cells. AgNPs coated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl)‐sulfosuccinate (AOT), poly‐L‐lysine (PLL), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were toxic at the concentration of 10 mg Ag/L and higher. The toxicity increased in the following manner: PVP‐AgNPs < CTAB‐AgNPs < PLL‐AgNPs < AOT‐AgNPs < BSA‐AgNPs. All types of AgNPs were internalized by the PK15 cells in a dose‐dependent manner with greater internalization of AgNPs bearing positive surface charge. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments showed that AgNPs were located in the lysosomal compartments, while the co‐treatment with known inhibitors of endocytosis pathways suggested macropinocytosis as the preferred internalization pathway. When inside the cell, all types of AgNPs induced the formation of reactive oxygen species while decreasing the concentration of the cell's endogenous antioxidant glutathione. The comet assay indicated possible genotoxicity of tested AgNPs starting at the concentration of 2 mg Ag/L or higher, depending on the surface functionalization. This study demonstrates the toxicity of AgNPs pointing to the importance of biosafety evaluation when developing novel AgNPs‐containing materials.
Initial Assessment and Monitoring of Patients with Chronic Hypoparathyroidism: A Systematic Current Practice Survey
Authors: Van Uum Stan , Shrayyef Muhammad , M'Hiri Iman , Dandurand Karel , Ali Dalal S. , Bilezikian John P. , Collins Michael T. , Mannstadt Michael , Rubin Mishaela R. , Siggelkow Heide , Tabacco Gaia , Tay Yu-Kwang Donovan , Vokes Tamara , Winer Karen K. , Yao Liang , Guyatt Gordon , Rejnmark Lars , Khan Aliya A. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Chronic hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is associated with significant morbidity and impaired quality of life (QoL). The goals of management for chronic HypoPT include improvement in QoL and the prevention of both hypo- and hypercalcemia symptoms and long-term complications. Several groups have provided consensus statements and guidelines on the management of HypoPT; however, due to limited evidence, these recommendations have largely been based on literature reviews, expert opinion, and consensus statements. The objective of this study was to use a systematic approach to describe current practice for the initial assessment and follow-up of patients with chronic HypoPT. We developed a survey asking experts in the field to select the responses that best reflect their current practice. The survey found no differences in responses between nonsurgical and postsurgical patient assessment. For new patients, respondents usually performed an assessment of serum lab profile (calcium [either albumin-adjusted or ionized], magnesium, creatinine, phosphate, 25-hydroxyvitamin D), 24-hour urine (creatinine, calcium), and a renal ultrasound to evaluate for the presence of nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis. For follow-up patients, most respondents perform blood tests and urine tests every 6 months or less frequently. The reported clinical practice patterns for monitoring for complications of chronic HypoPT vary considerably among respondents. Based on the responses in this systematic expert practice survey, we provide practice suggestions for initial assessment and follow-up of patients with chronic HypoPT. In addition, we highlight areas with significant variation in practice and identify important areas for future research. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Resolvin D2 uses multiple Ca2+‐dependent signaling pathways to stimulate mucin secretion in rat and human conjunctival goblet cells
Authors: Botten Nora , Hodges Robin R. , Bair Jeffrey , Utheim Tor P. , Serhan Charles N. , Yang Menglu , Dartt Darlene A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe mucin layer of the tear film is produced by goblet cells in the conjunctiva to protect the ocular surface and maintain homeostasis. The pro‐resolving lipid mediator resolvin D2 (RvD2) biosynthesized from an omega 3 fatty acid actively terminates inflammation and regulates mucin secretion from conjunctival goblet cells. Our objective was to determine which Ca2+‐dependent signaling pathways RvD2 uses to stimulate conjunctival goblet cell function (CGC). We hypothesize that RvD2 activates multiple intracellular Ca2+ signaling pathways to stimulate CGC secretion. Rat and human CGCs were cultured from conjunctival explants. The amount of RvD2 receptor GPR18/DRV2 message and protein were determined. The intracellular concentration of Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) was measured in CGCs using a fluorescent Ca2+ dye and mucin secretion was determined by measuring protein secretion enzymatically with a lectin. Goblet cells were incubated with signaling pathway inhibitors before stimulation with RvD2 and [Ca2+]i or secretion was measured. In rat and human CGCs RvD2 receptor and in rat CGCs IP3 (a molecule that releases Ca2+ from intracellular organelles) receptors 1–3 were detected. In both species of CGC RvD2 increased [Ca2+]i similarly to RvD1. In rat CGCs, the increase in [Ca2+]i and secretion stimulated by RvD2 was significantly blocked by inhibitors to phospholipase (PL‐) C and IP3‐receptor, but not protein kinase C. Increase in [Ca2+]i was blocked by the PLD inhibitor, but not the PLA2 inhibitor. Secretion was blocked by PLA2 inhibitor, but not the PLD inhibitor. An inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor blocked the increase in [Ca2+]i by RvD2 in both species of CGCs. In CGCs RvD2 activates multiple intracellular signaling pathways that are Ca2+‐dependent, along with one Ca2+‐independent and one cAMP/protein kinase A‐dependent pathway. Activation of these pathways stimulate mucin secretion from rat and human CGCs into the tear film contributing to ocular surface homeostasis and health.
Developmental co‐occurrence of psychopathology dimensions in childhood
Authors: Allegrini Andrea G. , van Beijsterveldt Toos , Boomsma Dorret I. , Rimfeld Kaili , Pingault Jean‐Baptiste , Plomin Robert , Bartels Meike , Nivard Michel G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundComorbidity between psychopathologies may be attributed to genetic and environmental differences between people as well as causal processes within individuals, where one pathology increases risk for another. Disentangling between‐person (co)variance from within‐person processes of psychopathology dimensions across childhood may shed light on developmental causes of comorbid mental health problems. Here, we aim to determine whether and to what extent directional relationships between psychopathology dimensions within‐person, and between individuals within families, play a role in comorbidity.MethodsWe conducted random intercepts cross‐lagged panel model (RI‐CLPM) analyses to unravel the longitudinal co‐occurrence of child psychopathology dimensions, jointly estimating between‐person and within‐person processes from childhood to early adolescence (age 7–12). We further developed an extension of the model to estimate sibling effects within‐family (wf‐RI‐CLPM). Analyses were separately conducted in two large population‐based cohorts, TEDS and NTR, including parent‐rated measures of child problem behaviours based on the SDQ and CBCL scales respectively.ResultsWe found evidence for strong between‐person effects underlying the positive intercorrelation between problem behaviours across time. Beyond these time‐varying within‐person processes accounted for an increasing amount of trait variance, within‐ and cross‐trait, overtime in both cohorts. Lastly, by accommodating family level data, we found evidence for reciprocal directional influences within sib‐pairs longitudinally.ConclusionsOur results indicate that within‐person processes partly explain the co‐occurrence of psychopathology dimensions across childhood, and within sib‐pairs. Analyses provided substantive results on developmental processes underlying comorbidity in behavioural problems. Future studies should consider different developmental timeframes to shed more light on the processes contributing to developmental comorbidity.
Diastereomerically pure (S)‐verbenone‐isoxazoline hybrids: Synthesis, molecular structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, density functional theory, cytotoxic effect, and apoptosis induction
Authors: Fawzi Mourad , Oubella Ali , Bimoussa Abdoullah , Saadi Mohamed , El Ammari Lahcen , Ketatni El Mostafa , Morjani Hamid , Ait itto Moulay Youssef , Auhmani Aziz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a new diastereomerically pure isoxazolines were efficiently prepared from (S)‐verbenone, the procedure involves a regioselective and a diastereoselective 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile oxides on the monoterpene's enone. The structures of the newly obtained cycloadducts were confirmed by analytical and spectral studies (HRMS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR). The relative stereochemistry of isoxazoline compounds 3a, 3c, and 3d were confirmed by x‐ray single crystal analysis. Hirshfeld surface analysis and two‐dimensional fingerprint plots were performed to analyze the different intermolecular contacts in crystal packing. Further, density functional theory calculations have been used to analyze the electronic and geometric frontier molecular orbital and molecular electrostatic map analyses of the compounds to predict the reactive site. All compounds were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against four human cancer cell lines including fibrosarcoma HT‐1080, lung carcinoma A‐549 and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231). Compound 3d was the most potent compound especially against HT‐1080 and A‐549 cancer cells with IC50 values of 21.35 ± 1.51 and 14.92 ± 1.74 μM, respectively. Mechanistically, the compound 3d induced apoptosis by significant caspase activation in HT‐1080 and A‐549 cancer cell lines utilizing flow cytometric analysis and caspase 3/7 activation assay. The examined compound 3d caused S cell cycle arrest in both HT‐1080 and A‐549 cells.
Characterization of free fatty acids photo‐oxidation under UV radiations: A stepwise Raman study
Authors: Assi Ali , Michael‐Jubeli Rime , Baillet‐Guffroy Arlette , Tfayli Ali 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLipid peroxidation (LPO) is an oxidative deterioration when oxidants such as reactive oxygen species attack lipids that contain double bonds especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The mechanism of LPO is composed of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. It can result from several reaction pathways: (1) auto‐oxidation, (2) enzymatic oxidation, or (3) photo‐oxidation. UV solar exposition is a major concern in skin research, dermatology, and cosmetic science. Skin surface lipids (SSLs) and stratum corneum (SC) lipids are among the first skin components exposed to external insults such as UV radiations. Fatty acids represent a major lipid class in SSLs and SC. The aim of this paper is to study the photo‐oxidation of fatty acids under UV solar radiations using Raman spectroscopy. Vibrational spectroscopies are useful techniques to follow the LPO in its different stages of oxidation: (1) the initiation step by following the CH2/CH3 stretching bands ratio that decreases due to the hydrogen abstraction in alpha position; (2) the propagation step where primary oxidation products are formed such as hydroperoxides, which was evaluated by following the 1165/1640 cm−1 ((δ(OH) and ν(CO))/ν(CO)) ratio that increases during oxidation process; and finally, (3) the termination step that is marked by the formation of aldehydes, alcohols, ketone, trans secondary oxidation products, and others, which was monitored by following the 1730/1640 cm−1 (ν(CO) (ald.)/ν(CO) (acid)) ratio and the trans ν(CC)/cis ν(CC) ratio that increase indicating the formation of secondary oxidation products. To our knowledge, this work is the first to put together different spectral descriptors enabling to follow, step by step, the different modifications of free fatty acids structures during the oxidation process.
Kinetic parameters related to nitrogen uptake in ‘Okinawa’ peach rootstocks are altered by ‘Chimarrita’ scion Nitrogen uptake in ‘Okinawa’ peach rootstock
Authors: de Paula Betania Vahl , Sete Paula Beatriz , Berghetti Álvaro Luís Pasquetti , da Silva Lincon Oliveira Stefanello , Jung João Pedro , Nicoloso Fernando Teixeira , Mayer Newton Alex , Kulmann Matheus Severo , Brunetto Gustavo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe kinetic parameters of peach rootstock are a major factor contributing to its nitrogen (N) uptake efficiency, which directly affects the yield and quality parameters. However, the impact of grafting on N kinetic parameters is not sufficiently known as rootstocks are grafted with other scion cultivars before being transplanted to the field. The objective of this study was therefore to evaluate whether the grafting of ‘Okinawa’ rootstock with the scion cultivar ‘Chimarrita’ can alter the kinetic parameters related to N uptake.ResultsThe plants were acclimatized in Hoagland solution for 21 days and, sequentially, were tested to assess the depletion of the internal reserves at 15 and 30 days in CaSO4 solution. Morphological and physiological parameters were evaluated, and kinetic parameters were calculated. The depletion period for to reach the minimum concentration (Cmin) of NO3− and NH4+ in the plant was 62 h and 56 h, respectively. The optimal time for internal reserve depletion for ‘Okinawa’ rootstock with and without the ‘Chimarrita’ scion was 30 days.Conclusion‘Okinawa’ rootstock grafted with ‘Chimarrita’ scion cultivar was more efficient in NO3− and NH4+ uptake. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Evaluation of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 15.3.1 indicator of land degradation in the European Union
Authors: Schillaci Calogero , Jones Arwyn , Vieira Diana , Munafò Michele , Montanarella Luca 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLand degradation is the persistent reduction in the capacity of the land to support human and other life on Earth (IPBES, 2018). This process jeopardizes the provision of ecosystem services. The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15, ‘Life on Land’, includes efforts to sustainably manage and recover natural ecosystems and restore degraded land and soil. Under the umbrella of SDG 15, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) has defined an indicator framework to monitor progress toward ‘land degradation neutrality’. We evaluated the performance of SDG 15.3.1, focusing on “…proportion of land that is degraded over the total land area” for the European Union (EU) using the TRENDS.EARTH software. We assessed the impact of alternative datasets at different spatial resolutions and policy‐relevant data sources for land cover (CORINE) and soil organic carbon (SOC) stock (LUCAS). Our hypothesis was that higher spatial resolution sub‐indicators would better identify the total share of degraded land and provide a clearer picture of the extent of degraded land for the target period. Land productivity trajectories were adjusted using the Water Use Efficiency index that revealed the high share of improving land reported by the NDVI trends. Therefore, it is advisable to use always a climate correction to assess land productivity trends. Replacing default datasets with alternative sub‐indicators allowed the detection of 25–40% more degraded areas. Additionally, the integration with a combined proxy of land degradation (soil erosion >10 Mg ha−1 yr−1, and SOC concentration <1%) identified an additional 50% land degradation and revealed that a large extent of the EU needs restoration measures.
Comparing clinical bladder diaries and recalled patient reports for measuring lower urinary tract symptoms in the symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network (LURN)
Authors: Flynn Kathryn E. , Wiseman Jonathan B. , Helmuth Margaret E. , Smith Abigail R. , Bradley Catherine S. , Cameron Anne P. , Henry Lai H. , Kirkali Ziya , Kreder Karl J. , Geynisman‐Tan Julia , Merion Robert M. , Weinfurt Kevin P. ,   LURN Study Group
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeBladder diaries are a key source of information about lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS); however, many patients do not complete them as instructed. Questionnaire‐based patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) are another option for reporting LUTS but may have recall bias. We assessed the strength of the associations between PROMs and a 3‐day bladder diary.Materials and MethodsSymptomatic adults from 6 tertiary care sites completed a 3‐day paper bladder diary and 3‐, 7‐, and 30‐day electronic PROMs. We assessed the linear associations between mapped pairs of diary variables and responses to PROM items using biserial and polyserial correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsOf 290 enrolled participants, 175 (60%) completed the bladder diary as instructed and at least one corresponding PROM. Linear associations were strongest between the diary and 3‐day recall of daytime frequency (r = 0.75) and nighttime frequency (r = 0.69), followed by voids with urgency sensations (r = 0.62), and an item reporting any incontinence (r = 0.56). Linear associations between bladder diary and specific incontinence variables (e.g., stress, urgency) were low to negligible (ranging from r = 0.16–0.39). Linear associations were consistent across the 3‐, 7‐, and 30‐day recall periods.ConclusionsMissing and unusable bladder diary data were common, highlighting the patient burden associated with this method of data collection. A questionnaire‐based PROM is a reasonable alternative to a diary for reporting voiding frequency and may offer an easier option for reporting some symptoms.
The cumulative effect of unmet social needs on noncancerous genitourinary conditions and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Anne Zwaschka T. , Sebesta Elisabeth M. , Gleicher Stephanie , Kaufman Melissa R. , Dmochowski Roger R. , Reynolds William Stuart 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThere is growing awareness on how social determinants of health may significantly influence health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between unmet social needs and the incidence and severity of multiple noncancerous genitourinary conditions.Materials and MethodsA community‐based sample of United States adults was recruited electronically to complete questionnaires on clinical and demographic information, urinary symptoms, and social needs. Logistic regression was used to assess the effect between the number of unmet social needs and various noncancerous genitourinary conditions and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms. Model was adjusted for age, gender, race, insurance, and type of living community.ResultsA total of 4,224 participants were included for final analysis. The incidence of all genitourinary conditions assessed was associated with an increasing number of unmet social needs. Additionally, having three or more unmet social needs, as compared to no needs, was associated with an increased risk of all conditions and worse symptoms—including a 23.7% increased risk of interstitial cystitis (95% confidence interval [CI] 18.8%–28.7%, p < 0.001), 21.9% risk of urge urinary incontinence (95% CI 16.8%–27.0%, p < 0.001), and 20.6% risk of overactive bladder (95% CI 15.6–25.7, p < 0.001).ConclusionsUnmet social needs are associated with an increased incidence of noncancerous genitourinary conditions as well as worse symptom severity, with multiple unmet social needs displaying a cumulative effect. These findings suggest that there is utility in screening patients for unmet social needs, and that the healthcare system should develop a more integrated approach to manage patients with urinary conditions.
Psycho‐emotional recovery, the meaning of care in the process of providing palliative care to Iranian people with cancer: A grounded theory study
Authors: Aghaei Mir Hossein , Vanaki Zohreh , Mohammadi Eesa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimDespite the significance of palliative care in treating people with cancer, the provision of this type of care in Iran is vague and unorganized. This research intends to explore the meaning of care in the process of providing palliative care to Iranian people with cancer and to develop a theory that would explain the phenomenon.DesignThis is a qualitative study in nature and Corbin and Strauss' Grounded Theory approach was used for data analysis.MethodsData was collected through semi structured interviews that were held with 21 participants who have had experiences in receiving and providing palliative care. The study was conducted in April to December 2019 in palliative care centres of Tehran. Sampling first started purposefully and moved to theoretical once concepts began to emerge from the data. Comparative and continuous data analysis was undertaken using Corbin and Strauss' (Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory, Sage, 2015) approach.ResultsMain concerns of care providers in providing palliative care was to reduce the affliction and anxiety of patients by understanding the difficult state of patient and psycho‐emotional recovery was identified as the core category, which was performed via three critical strategies: building emotional connection, reinforcing positive mindset and having a core value in care.
Influence of basalt fiber and maleic anhydride on the mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene
Authors: Poornima Channaveeradevaru , Uthamballi Shivanna Mallik , Sathyanarayana Srinivas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNatural mineral fiber basalt has excellent thermal and mechanical characteristics. The current research focuses on evaluating the mechanical and thermal characteristics of polypropylene (PP) composites reinforced with short‐length basalt fibers (BF) fabricated by the melt mixing method. Maleic anhydride (MAH) at 3 wt% was used as a compatibilizer for fabricating the composites. The composite's mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties were investigated. The mechanical properties of the composites were enhanced with an increase in BF loadings from 10 to 40 wt% and beyond that it decreased. The chemical interaction between the fiber and the matrix was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry studies were used to determine the crystallization temperature, melting temperature and percent crystallinity of the composite. According to dynamic mechanical analysis, reinforcing PP with BF improved the damping property. Scanning electron microscopy revealed good interfacial interaction among the fiber and matrix and X‐ray diffraction was used to study the composite crystallinity.