bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experiences and acceptability of a novel multimodal programme for the management of fibromyalgia: A qualitative service evaluation
Authors: McIlroy Suzanne , Vaughan Bethany , Crowe Heather , Bearne Lindsay 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionFibromyalgia guidelines recommend multi‐modal, non‐pharmacological interventions but there is limited evidence on the optimal programme. The Fibromyalgia Active Management and Exercise programme (FAME) aimed to improve function and quality of life. It consisted of 12 sessions delivered by a multidisciplinary team and incorporated education, exercise, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and mindfulness approaches.This qualitative service evaluation explored the experience and acceptability of FAME from the perspective of the patients' and healthcare practitioners' (HCP).MethodsAll patients and HCP involved in the first FAME programme were invited to attend either one audio‐recorded focus group or an individual semi‐structured interview. Topic guides were developed a priori. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.ResultsThirteen participants (six HCP (three physiotherapists, two nurses, one psychologist)) and seven patients (mean age 46 (7.5) years, all female,) were enroled. FAME was acceptable to HCP participants but not to all patient participants. Where patient participants understood and anticipated the aims of FAME, the programme was found to be acceptable. Whereas, patient participants who did not fully understand the aims of the programme reported lower acceptability. Three themes were generated: expectations and preparation for FAME, the value of social support, and FAME as a learning opportunity. The themes could be explained by five constructs of the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability.ConclusionFAME was acceptable to HCPs but not to all patient participants. Patient and HCP participants valued social support and regarded this as central to their learning. Further adaptation of FAME is required to optimise acceptability.
Stocking Density Effects on Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Hatchery Performance in Algal-Bacterial Biofloc Systems
Authors: Chen Hu-wei , Sun Da-chuan , Liu Wen-chang , Li Shuang , Tan Hong-xin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The effects of stocking density of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei from hatchery stages nauplius 5 (N5) through postlarval 5 (PL5) were evaluated in algal–bacterial biofloc systems. Triplicate stocking densities of 200 (D200), 300 (D300), and 400 (D400) shrimp larvae/L were used. No water exchange or additional carbon source was conducted during the 14-d experiment. Compared with other groups, the D400 stocking density had significantly higher concentrations of total ammonia nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen (0.55 and 0.66 mg/L, respectively). Nitrate-nitrogen and total nitrogen continuously accumulated throughout the experiment, with no significant difference among the three groups. The chlorophyll-a concentration, alkalinity, and pH of all three groups showed a downward trend in the later stage of the experiment. Shrimp larvae at the lowest stocking density had a higher survival during the rearing. Total Vibrio spp. count in the D200 group was lower than that of the other two but was not significantly different. In conclusion, we found that a stocking density of 200 shrimp larvae/L resulted in better survival and water quality conditions in the rearing systems tested.
Bycatch of Loons Assessed in Coastal Arctic Char Fisheries in the Canadian Arctic
Authors: Mallory Mark L. , Robertson Gregory J. , Keegan Shane , Pollet Ingrid L. , Harris Les N. , Jivan Tyler , Provencher Jennifer F. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bycatch in fisheries remains one of the biggest conservation threats to seabirds globally, but there has been limited attention given to bycatch in the Arctic. Here, we worked with Inuit commercial fishers in the Cambridge Bay region of Nunavut to record bycatch of birds as part of a fish bycatch reporting initiative, in weir and gill-net fisheries that target anadromous Arctic Char Salvelinus alpinus. Weir fisheries, and one of the gill-net fisheries (executed in freshwater), had no bird bycatch, but 291 loons (family Gavidae) were captured over 5 years in one estuarine–marine fishery, yielding an exceptionally high bycatch rate of 15.7 birds/1,000 net-meter-days. One of the species caught, the yellow-billed loon Gavia adamsii, is considered near threatened, but data on the population status of this species is insufficient to determine whether bycatch forms a significant threat. Nonetheless, deterrence efforts or other conservation options are needed in estuarine gill-net fisheries to reduce bird bycatch.
Theoretical perspectives for developing antiracist teaching dispositions and practices in preservice teacher education
Authors: Madkins Tia C. , Nazar Christina Restrepo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFor some time, scholars who are guided by critical theories and perspectives have called out how white supremacist ideologies and systemic racism work to (re)produce societal inequities and educational injustices across science learning contexts in the United States. Given the sociopolitical nature of society, schooling, and science education, it is important to address the racist and settled history of scientific disciplines and science education. To this end, we take an antiracist stance on science teaching and learning and seek to disrupt forms of systemic racism in science classrooms. Since teachers do much of the daily work of transforming science education for minoritized learners, we advocate for preparing teachers who understand what it means to engage in antiracist, justice‐oriented science teaching. In this article, we share our framework for supporting preservice teachers in understanding, developing, and implementing antiracist teaching dispositions and instructional practices. In alignment with other researchers in teacher education who emphasize the importance of anchoring teacher education practice and research in prominent educational theory, we highlight the theories undergirding our approach to antiracist science teaching. We offer considerations for how researchers and science teacher educators can use this framework to transform science teacher education.
The Role of Cutaneous Manifestations in the Diagnosis of the Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes
Authors: Stembridge Natasha , Doolan Brent J. , Lavallee Mark E. , Hausser Ingrid , Pope F. Michael , Seneviratne Suranjith L. , Winship Ingrid M. , Burrows Nigel P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) comprise a group of inherited connective tissue disorders presenting with features of skin hyperextensibility, joint hypermobility, abnormal scarring and fragility of skin, blood vessels and some organs. The disease is generally diagnosed through the cluster of clinical features, though the addition of genetic analysis is the gold standard for diagnosis of most subtypes. All subtypes display skin manifestations, which are essential to the accurate clinical diagnosis of the condition. Furthermore, cutaneous features can be the first and/or only presenting feature in some cases of EDS and thus understanding these signs is vital for diagnosis. This review focuses on particular cutaneous features of each EDS subtype and their clinical importance. Provision of a specific diagnosis is important for management, prognosis and genetic counselling, often for family members beyond the individual.
2D MOF Nanosensor‐Integrated Digital Droplet Microfluidic Flow Cytometry for In Situ Detection of Multiple miRNAs in Single CTC Cells
Authors: Chen Junyue , Oudeng Gerile , Feng Hongtao , Liu Sixi , Li Hung‐Wing , Ho Yi‐Ping , Chen Yan , Tan Ying , Yang Mo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCurrent circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detection strategies based on surface epithelial markers suffer from low specificity in distinguishing between CTCs and epithelial cells in hematopoietic cell population. Tumor‐associated miRNAs within CTCs are emerging as new biomarkers due to their high correlation with tumor development and progress. However, in‐situ simultaneous analysis of multiple miRNAs in single CTC cell is still challenging. To overcome this limitation, a digital droplet microfluidic flow cytometry based on biofunctionalized 2D metal‐organic framework nanosensor (Nano‐DMFC) is developed for in situ detection of dual miRNAs simultaneously in single living breast cancer cells. Here, 2D MOF‐based fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) nanosensors are established by conjugating dual‐color fluorescence dye‐labeled DNA probes on MOF nanosheet surface. In the Nano‐DMFC, 2D MOF‐based nanoprobes are precisely microinjected into each single‐cell encapsulated droplets to achieve dual miRNA characterization in single cancer cell. This Nano‐DMFC platform successfully detects dual miRNAs at single‐cell resolution in 10 mixed positive MCF‐7 cells out of 10 000 negative epithelial cells in serum biomimic samples. Moreover, this Nano‐DMFC platform shows good reproductivity in the recovery experiment of spiked blood samples, which demonstrate the high potential for CTC‐based cancer early diagnosis and prognosis.
Composition, Morphology, and Interface Engineering of 3D Cauliflower‐Like Porous Carbon‐Wrapped Metal Chalcogenides as Advanced Electrocatalysts for Quantum Dot‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Rasal Akash S. , Lee Ting‐Ying , Kao Pei‐Yun , Gatechew Girum , Wibrianto Aswandi , Dirersa Worku Batu , Ghule Anil V. , Chang Jia‐Yaw 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDesigning a low‐cost, highly efficient, and stable electrocatalyst that can synergistically speed up the reduction of polysulfide electrolytes while operative for long periods in the open air is critical for the practical application of quantum dot‐sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs), but it remains a challenging task. Herein, a simple, straightforward, and two‐step nanocomposite engineering approach that simultaneously combines metallic copper chalcogenides (MC) either Cu2−xS or Cu2−xSe with S, N dual‐doped carbon (SNC) sources for devising high‐quality counter electrode (CE) film are reported. First, the hierarchically assembled MC nanostructures are obtained using microwave‐assisted synthesis. Second, these MCs are embedded within an ordered macro–meso–microporous carbon matrix to obtain Cu2−xS@C or Cu2−xSeS@C CE. These CEs are demonstrated to have composition dependents crystal structure, surface morphologies, photovoltaic performance, and electrochemical properties. In terms of power conversion efficiency (PCE), the Cu2−xSeS@C (9.89%) and Cu2−xS@C‐CE (8.96%) constructed QDSSCs outperform both Cu2−xSe (8.96%) and Cu2−xS‐constructed (7.79%) QDSSCs, respectively. The enhanced PCE could be attributed to the synergistic interaction of S and N dopants with MC interfaces that can not only enrich electric conductivity, and a higher surface‐to‐volume ratio but also offers a 3D network for superior charge transport at the interface.
Room‐temperature phosphorescence materials from crystalline to amorphous state
Authors: Xu Zixuan , He Yixiao , Shi Huifang , An Zhongfu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRoom temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in metal‐free organic materials has attracted considerable attention due to its rich excited state properties, high quantum efficiency, long luminescence lifetimes, etc., showing great potential in organic optoelectronic devices, bioimaging, information anti‐counterfeiting, and so forth. The crystals have excellent rigidity and clear molecular packing patterns, which can effectively avoid non‐radiative transitions of excitons for phosphorescence enhancement. In the early stages, researchers paid great attention to the regulation of RTP performance in crystalline states. However, due to the complex preparation and poor processability of crystals, amorphous materials with RTP features have become a new research topic recently. This perspective aims to summarize the recent advances of RTP materials from crystalline to amorphous states, and analyze their molecular design strategies and luminescence mechanisms in detail. Finally, we prospect the future research directions of amorphous RTP materials. This perspective will provide a guideline for the future study of advanced RTP materials.
Elucidation of improving effects of a traditional Japanese herbal formula, hochuekkito, comprising Atractylodis rhizoma, on T‐cell‐mediated intestinal mucositis in mice
Authors: Endo Mari , Utagawa Shiori , Nagai Takayuki , Hanawa Toshihiko , Odaguchi Hiroshi , Kiyohara Hiroaki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimHochuekkito has been used for gastrointestinal immune depression. Among its 10 herbal components, Atractylodis rhizoma (AtR) and Atractylodis lanceae rhizoma (ALR), and also Hedysari radix (HR) and Astragali radix (AR), can be interchanged based on the patient's symptoms. However, the difference between these formulas for improving gastrointestinal immune depression is not clear. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of AtR‐ and ALR‐hochuekkkito on a T‐cell‐mediated systemic and small intestinal mucosal inflammation model. We also analyzed the active ingredients and mechanism of action of AtR‐hochuekkito on the antiapoptotic effect in the Fas/FasL‐mediated signaling cascade on intestinal epithelial cells.MethodsThe effects of hochuekkito, lipophilic ingredients, and oligosaccharides on the systemic and small intestinal mucosal inflammation induced by anti‐CD3 antibody were analyzed. The effect of the AtR formula on mRNA expression of molecules related to the apoptotic signaling cascade was analyzed.ResultsAtR‐hochuekkito improved intestinal mucosal inflammation even if HR and AR were interchanged. Meanwhile, only the ALR formula suppressed systemic inflammation, whereas the AtR formula failed to improve it even if HR was replaced with AR. AtR formula administration increased gene mRNA expression of antiapoptotic regulatory adapter molecules in the small intestine of anti‐CD3 administered mice. The lipophilic ingredients in the AtR formula improved the effect on the small intestinal mucosal inflammation; liquiritin was an active ingredient. The intermediate‐size inulo‐oligosaccharides suppressed the recruitment of cytotoxic CD8 lymphocytes in the small intestine.ConclusionAtR‐hochuekkito is suitable for the treatment of small intestinal mucosal inflammation induced by spontaneous activation of T lymphocytes.
Separation sign: novel ultrasound sign for ruling out diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum
Authors: Allwood R. X. , Self A. , Collins S. L. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the performance of the ‘separation sign’ as a predictor of normal placental separation in a large cohort of women at risk for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) and in a high‐risk subgroup with placenta previa or anterior low‐lying placenta and at least one previous Cesarean delivery.MethodsThis was a prospective study of women at risk for PAS referred to a specialist clinic at between 22 and 38 weeks' gestation. All women underwent ultrasound assessment for the presence of the separation sign, which detects the difference in elasticity between the myometrium and the placenta, characterized by different rates of rebound after an ultrasound probe is used to apply pressure over the uteroplacental interface. When the sign is positive, the placenta appears to move relative to the myometrium, leading to the appearance or enhancement of the clear zone. The predictive performance of the separation sign for normal spontaneous placental separation at delivery was assessed.ResultsOf the 194 included women, 163 had a positive separation sign, all of whom went on to have normal placental separation at delivery. Of the 24 women with a negative separation sign, three (12.5%) had normal placental separation and 21 (87.5%) were diagnosed with PAS. This yielded a sensitivity of 98.2% (95% CI, 94.8–99.6%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI, 83.9–100%). In the high‐risk cohort (n = 35), a positive separation sign remained a reliable predictor of normal placental separation, with a positive predictive value of 100%, sensitivity of 88.9% (95% CI, 65.3–98.6%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI, 80.5–100%).ConclusionsThe separation sign could be a useful tool in women considered to be at risk for PAS, as it can facilitate the prediction of normal placental separation at delivery. This may prevent overtreatment, the associated iatrogenic morbidity and unnecessary allocation of clinical resources. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Numerical investigation on light non–aqueous phase liquid flow in the vadose zone considering porosity effects on soil hydraulic properties
Authors: Yu Jia‐ren , Zhou Chao , Mu Qing Yi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the management of light non–aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL)‐contaminated ground, numerical simulation is widely used to analyze LNAPL flow in the unsaturated soil (vadose) zone. Porosity effects on the hydraulic properties of unsaturated soils are highly simplified in existing mathematical models. Some important features, such as the nonlinear relation between porosity and permeability/displacement pressure, cannot be well captured. To address this problem, a new mathematical model was developed in this study, considering porosity effects on hydraulic properties of soils, including the retention behavior and permeability function of LNAPL and water. The newly developed model was implemented in MATLAB using the finite difference method and then verified by the results of a centrifuge test. Then, parametric studies were conducted to investigate the flow of LNAPL upon an active leakage at the ground surface. Based on the computed results, the influence of several factors, such as porosity magnitude, porosity distribution, and soil layering, was revealed. In particular, an increase in the porosity leads to a significant increase in the volume of LNAPL leaked into the ground, the vertical front depth, and the area of contaminated ground. This is mainly because the porosity affects not only the intrinsic permeability but also the relative permeability because (a) the intrinsic permeability of soils is larger at a higher porosity (b) when the porosity is higher, the equilibrium water saturation at a given capillary pressure is smaller. Consequently, LNAPL can achieve a larger degree of saturation and higher relative permeability.
Introduction
Authors: Butler Catherine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis introductory chapter outlines the book’s central concern with energy poverty and sets the context for the arguments addressed and advanced through its pages. A significant existing literature has examined issues of energy poverty, with key interventions using concepts of energy vulnerability, precarity, and capabilities. But an equally large body of work has examined problems of reducing energy demand by focusing on the importance of reshaping and shifting practices. Though these two major literatures on energy demand issues occasionally intersect, they have rarely been brought into direct conversation with one another. The book examines issues of energy poverty with focus on advancing conceptual debates by engaging with ideas that span these two areas, principally those concerning capabilities, precarity, and practice. In doing so, it contributes to the frontiers of energy poverty research and responds to critiques of practice-informed analyses of energy demand that highlight the limited attention given to inequalities within such work.
Master integrals for mixed QCD-QED corrections to charged-current Drell-Yan production of a massive charged lepton
Authors: Long Ming-Ming , Zhang Ren-You , Ma Wen-Gan , Jiang Yi , Han Liang , Li Zhe , Wang Shuai-Shuai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The master integrals for the mixed QCD-QED two-loop virtual corrections to the charged-current Drell-Yan process $$ q\overline{q} $$
q

q
¯

′ → ℓν are computed analytically by using the differential equation method. A suitable choice of master integrals makes it successful to cast the differential equation system into the canonical form. We keep the dependence on charged lepton mass in the building of differential equations and then expand the system against the ratio of small charged lepton mass to large W-boson mass. In such a way the final results will contain large logarithms of the form log($$ {m}_{\ell}^2 $$

m
ℓ
2

/$$ {m}_W^2 $$

m
W
2

). Finally, all the canonical master integrals are given as Taylor series around d = 4 spacetime dimensions up to order four, with coefficients expressed in terms of Goncharov polylogarithms up to weight four.
Standardkonzentrationen für Dauerinfusionen – Ergebnisse einer bundesweiten Befragung auf deutschen Erwachsenenintensivstationen
Authors: Kreysing Lutz , Waydhas Christian , Ittner Karl Peter , Schubert Sebastian , Krämer Irene 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Intensivpatienten erhalten zahlreiche Arzneimittel (AM) als Dauerinfusion appliziert. In Deutschland fehlt bisher für die als Dauerinfusion applizierten AM eine einheitliche Liste mit Standardkonzentrationen.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel war es, bundesweit repräsentative Informationen zu Standardkonzentrationen von als Dauerinfusion mittels Spritzenpumpe oder Infusionspumpe applizierten AM auf den Intensivstationen zu gewinnen.

Material und Methoden
Zur Ermittlung der Akzeptanz und Präferenz für Dauerinfusionen von ausgewählten AM wurde ein Fragenkatalog in einem online- Umfragetool entwickelt und von der DIVI an die jeweils verantwortlichen Leiter*innen von 1816 Intensivstationen versendet. Die Umfrage umfasste Vorschläge zu 59 AM mit insgesamt 73 Konzentrationen. Ergänzend konnten die Teilnehmer in Freitextfeldern eigene Vorschläge zu AM und entsprechenden Konzentrationen angeben. Die Häufigkeit der Verwendung der Arzneimittel als Dauerinfusion und der präferierten Standardkonzentrationen wurde bezogen auf die Zahl der Antworten pro Arzneimittel berechnet.

Ergebnisse
Die Umfrage wurde von 312 (17 %) Intensivstationen beantwortet. Die Akzeptanzrate für das Prinzip der geschwindigkeitsgesteuerten Dauerinfusion in Standardkonzentrationen ist deutschlandweit sehr hoch, Die Top 10 bzw. 25 der vorgeschlagenen AM werden von über 90 % bzw. 50 % der Teilnehmer regelmäßig als Dauerinfusion eingesetzt. Für viele dieser AM konnte eine oder mehrere präferierte Konzentrationen identifiziert werden.

Diskussion
Die Top-37-Arzneimittel und die präferierten Konzentrationen sind als Grundlage für eine bundesweit geltende Standardliste mit Standardkonzentrationen für Dauerinfusionen (in der Regel 50 ml) geeignet. Die damit befassten Fachgesellschaften können basierend auf den Umfrageergebnissen eine bundeseinheitliche Standardliste konsentieren.