bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of the serum albumin concentration and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at discharge with 1-year mortality in sepsis survivors: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Sang-Min , Jo You Hwan , Lee Jae Hyuk , Hwang Ji Eun , Park Inwon , Baek Sumin , Jeong Hwain , Um Young Woo , Kim Hee Eun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background This study was performed to investigate the predictors of 1-year mortality at discharge in sepsis survivors.Methods This study was a retrospective analysis of patients with sepsis and septic shock at a single centre. Patients who survived hospitalization for sepsis or septic shock from January 2016 to December 2017 were included. Age; sex; body mass index (BMI); laboratory results such as blood cell count, C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin; and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at the time of discharge were compared between survivors and nonsurvivors at 1 year postdischarge. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the predictors of 1-year mortality.Results During the study period, 725 survivors were included in the analysis, of whom 64 (8.8%) died within the first year. Nonsurvivors were older and had a lower BMI and higher SOFA score at discharge than survivors (P < 0.05). Among the laboratory results at discharge, haemoglobin, platelet counts and albumin concentrations were lower in the nonsurvivors than in the survivors, whereas CRP was higher in the nonsurvivors than in the survivors. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum albumin < 2.5 mg/dl and a SOFA score ≥ 2 at discharge were identified as independent prognostic factors for 1-year mortality (odds ratio 2.698, 95% confidential interval 1.488-4.883 for albumin < 2.5 mg/dl and 2.114, 1.204-3.814 for SOFA score ≥ 2, respectively).Conclusions A low serum albumin concentration of < 2.5 mg/dL and high SOFA score of ≥ 2 at the time of discharge were prognostic factors for 1-year mortality in sepsis survivors.
A new method of isolation enhancement of dual band Band-pass filter using Composite mode co-planar waveguide structure for 5G and Body Centric Applications.
Authors: Bhat Zahid A. , Sheikh Javaid A. , Khan Sharief D. , Bashir Ishfaq , Parah Shabir A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Frequency ratio or frequency difference of more than fifteen times between the two bands is difficult to realize particularly for millimetre-wave applications. This paper presents a large frequency ratio dual band band-pass filter for 5G communication and body centric applications. The proposed filter has been studied and developed based on the mode-composite co-planar waveguide (MC-CPW). The proposed dual band band-pass filter comprises of lower and higher bands designed independently with high degree of freedom. In order to supress the harmonics between the two band, the lowpass filter is cascaded with the structure impedance matching to achieve the competent dual band band-pass filter response. The characteristics of the proposed dual band band-pass filter based on mode composite co-planar waveguide structure yields it as the promising and potential entrant for the multi-band operating systems particularly in 5G communication systems with body centric applications. To certify the practicability and pre-eminence of the proposed filter, the simulated and measured results are compared and are found in good agreement to one another.
Comparative evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of Two shape, TruNatomy files against enterococcus faecalis-an invitro study
Authors: Chundi Bharathi , N Dr.Mallika , M Dr.Prasanthi , A Dr.Satyasriyadav 
Published: September 2022

Aim: The present study aimed to assess the antibacterial efficiency of Two shape (TS) and TruNatomy files (TRN) files against Enterococcus faecalis.
Materials and Methodology: Forty human mandibular premolars with single roots were collected and decoronated to standardize the lengths. The specimens were then mounted in acrylic resin and E. faecalis suspension was used to contaminate the specimens and they were incubated for three weeks. All the specimens were divided randomly into four groups. Instrumentation was done using Twoshape files (TS): Group I, TruNatomy files (TRN): Group II & Manual Crown Down technique (CD) using Gatesglidden drills and Hand files: Group III with sterile distilled water as irrrigant.Group IV was served as control group. Microbial samples were collected using paper points without instrumentation of the samples and after instrumentation from intracanal environment, which were diluted and later plated on tryptic soy broth (TSB).
Results: Significant difference was seen amongst the experimental groups (P<0.05), before and after instrumentation. TS and TRN resulted in more bacterial reduction than CD technique (P<0.05) whereas TS and TRN were almost similar in their efficacy (P>0.05).
Conclusion: TS and TRN promoted higher bacterial reduction than CD technique, with TS demonstrating the highest antibacterial efficacy.
“Mucormycosis- The Black Fungus Incapacitating Covid Patients in India”
Authors: Sornavel Abirami , Zeba Naaz  , Zeba Naaz  , Shivani Yadav  , Safia Almas  , Priyanka Singh Raghav  
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 pandemic is still going on. This has led to many secondary infections like opportunistic fungal infections . Its likely that oral lesions in patients with COVID-19 is more likely induced by co-infections, immunity impairment, and adverse reactions instead of direct SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mucormycosis is one such secondary infection caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales. Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is one form of mucormycosis, which targets the maxillary antrum and the surrounding tissues and cause necrotizing ulceration of the palate with exposure of underlying bone. The treatment given in mucormycosis cases include restoration of metabolic or immunologic competency, intravenous amphotericin B, and surgical debridement. Surgical debridement results in difficulty in speech, deglutition, mastication, and respiration. Both physical and psychologic needs of the patient are best served if an immediate surgical obturator is provided. Definitive prosthodontic treatment should be considered only when healing is complete.
Effect of Phytic acid on the tissue dissolving ability of Sodium hypochlorite: An ex-vivo study
Authors: Chundi Bharathi , Ndig Dr.Prasannalatha , K.B. Dr.Jayalakshmi 
Published: September 2022

Aim: To evaluate the effect of Phytic acid on the pulp dissolving ability of sodium hypochlorite (Naocl).
Methodology: Pulp tissue was collected from patients undergoing root canal treatment using barbed broach and stored in 10% formalin. The tissue was then divided into fragments of equal weight and immersed in solutions consisting of 5.25 % Naocl and mixture of 1:1(w/w) Phytic acid and 5.25% Naocl for a period of 30 minutes. Tissue fragments were removed and weighed again. The difference between the initial and final weight was used to calculate weight loss there by representing tissue dissolving ability of each solution used.
Results: No significant difference was found in the tissue dissolving ability for both the tested groups. (P˂0.05).
Conclusion: Addition of Phytic acid did not alter the pulp dissolving ability of Naocl.
A ten year retrospective statistical analysis of maxillofacial injuries in patients admitted and treated at Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly
Authors: Gautam Nandita , KK Shivalingesh , Kushwaha Anushtha , Kumar Prasanjeet 
Published: September 2022

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence, common age, gender, causes, types, treatment modality, and complication of the maxillofacial fractures for the patients admitted to the Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly.
Materials and methods: The medical records of all cases admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) ward of Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly, were reviewed for presence of maxillofacial fractures. The statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 22.
Results: There were 78% males and 12% females. The most affected age-group was 15–30 years and the male–female ratio was 6.5:1. RTAs were the most common cause of maxillofacial trauma, accounting for 70% of cases, followed by assaults (10%), sports injuries (12%), and falls (8%). Our findings revealed that the mandible body and parasymphysis were the most actively engaged bones, accompanied by the mandibular angle. Open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) was the most common treatment methods (89.3%) utilized in this study.
Conclusion: Maxillofacial fractures most commonly affected young individuals in the 15–30-year-old age-group, often as a result of RTA, and body of the mandible was the most frequent site of fracture. This study also concluded that helmet use among motorcyclists (93.29%) was infrequent among the participants. Education and motivation on road safety measures are the two factors that have to be considered to improve helmet use among motorcyclists.
Clinical significance: The prevalence, common age, gender, causes, types, treatment modality, and complication of the maxillofacial fractures for the patients admitted can be assessed from the present study.
A Study on Application of Prosthodontic Techniques in Private Practice-A Survey
Authors: Guddu Garima 
Published: September 2022

Background: Continuing dental education programs can highlight the hazards of shortcuts and stress the importance of prescribed techniques to improve the practitioner’s clinical effectiveness and the quality of the treatment rendered to the patients. Aim: This paper aimed to evaluate application of prosthodontic techniques in private practice. The obtained information & data helped to emphasize strongly the basic prosthodontic principles in the undergraduate teaching curriculum. Materials and Method: A total of 230 dental practitioners in Kanpur city, Uttar Pradesh, India was included in an internet questionnaire survey which included 15 questions regarding complete denture, removable partial denture, fixed partial denture and implants.Results:35.65% respondents selected normal tap water to disinfect the impression, 42.17% used alginate for primary impression, 65.22% used ZnOE for final impression, 57.83% completed the treatment of complete denture fabrication in 5 appointments, 73.04%fabricated acrylic RPD’s, 55.65% used Valsalva manoeuvre technique to record PPS, 51.30% never fabricated CAD/CAM dentures, only 39.57%used facebow for orientation jaw relation, only 33.04% used gingival retraction cord before final impression of FPD, 53.04% obtained written consent before starting the procedure, 68.26% used wax to record the interocclusal records, only 29.13% gave temporary/provisional crown, 51.74% fabricated Zirconia for restoration of anterior region, only 45.22%fabricated study models before starting FPD, very few 23.48% of respondents practiced implant dentistry. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study author concluded that there are differences between what is taught as accepted prosthodontic practice in undergraduate curriculum and what is actually practiced. However, to further enhance the skills, efforts should be made to encourage and aware the practitioners about the techniques in prosthodontics practice through continuing dental education programs.
Prediction of daily failure rate using the serial triple diagram model and artificial neural network
Authors: Kizilöz Burak 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, 41 models used for the prediction of daily failure rates in water distribution networks have been designed via the Serial Triple Diagram Model (STDM) and artificial neural network (ANN) methods. For this purpose, daily failure data measured coordinately in the water distribution system network in Gebze and transferred to the geographic information system (GIS) has been used. The data has been normalized through the min-max technique to scale it at regular intervals and develop the model prediction performance. In this study, certain meteorological variables such as temperature and precipitation have been taken into account as model input for the first time. According to the increasing values of these two variables, it is observed in the model results that daily failure rates tend to increase. The expected model accuracies in failure rate prediction could not be obtained through the suggested ANN models. The higher prediction performances have been obtained through the STDM, a structure that enables visualization of the model results by making inferences. The STDM method is a significant alternative approach to determine the relationship of the variables on the failure and to predict the failure rate. It is predicted that the suggested STDM charts will contribute to the decision-makers, experts, and planners to determine effective infrastructure management. Also, investment planning prioritization will be able to reduce failure rates by interpreting prediction charts.
An Overview of Thrombin Inhibitors in the Perspective of Structureactivity
Relationships
Authors: Wang Jiangming , Sun Xiaojing , Li Na , Sheng Ruilong , Guo Ruihua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Thrombosis is one of the most important pathogenic factors related to cardiovascular
diseases. Presently, thrombin inhibitors have gradually gained prominence in
clinical practice due to their unique potential, such as dabigatran. Nevertheless, the risk of
bleeding is not completely eliminated, and the threats of gastrointestinal bleeding are even
increased in some cases. Therefore, developing new oral thrombin inhibitors with low side
effects is urgent. In this paper, we summarized recent advances in the newly synthesized
and isolated thrombin inhibitors from 2000 to 2019 and their structure-activity relationships
(SARs) along with structure-dependent pharmacokinetic parameters, guiding the
next generation of oral thrombin inhibitors.
Astragaloside IV Protects Sepsis-induced Acute Kidney Injury by Attenuating Mitochondrial
Dysfunction and Apoptosis in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells
Authors: Feng Meixia , Lv Juan , Zhang Chenxi , Chen Dagui , Guo Huan , Tu Ye , Su Li , Wang Zhibin 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is closely linked to the pathogenesis of sepsis. Oxidative
stress can affect the development of AKI by increasing damage to renal tubular epithelial cells. Astragaloside
IV (AS-IV) is a natural saponin widly verified beneficial for ameliorating sepsis-induced kidney injury. However,
the underlying mechanisms of AS-IV on relieving oxidative stress in renal tubular epithelial cells are yet
to be established.

Purpose:
We aimed to investigate whether AS-IV could attenuate mitochondrialdysfunction and apoptosis in
renal tubular epithelial cells and reveal its underlying mechanisms.

Methods:
For the in vivo study, mice were divided into four groups (n=6): sham+saline, CLP+saline, CLP+ASIV-
low dosage (5 mg/kg), CLP+AS-IV-high dosage (10 mg/kg), After 6 h or 24 h of treatment, the renal injuries
were assessed based on related parameters of blood, protein and histopathological examination. Immunohistochemistry
and ELISA were used to examine renal function. The molecular mechanism of AS-IV inhibited
apoptosis and mitochondrial damage were monitored by flow cytometry and western blot analysis in HK-2
cells.

Results:
We found that AS-IV ameliorates renal vacuolization, brush border loss, mitochondrial ultrastructure
changes in sepsis-induced AKI, and the apoptosis and oxidative damage were greatly mitigated by AS-IV
(10 mg/kg)-treated group. Abnormal changes in mitochondrial morphology and mitochondrial membrane
potential were alleviated, and the expression of mitochondrial complex protein I (NDUFB8) and mitochondrial
complex protein II (SDHB8) increased with (10 mg/kg)-treated group. Tubular epithelial cell apoptosis in
AS-IV (20 μM)-treated cells was reduced by the Bax and cleaved caspase3 pathway.

Conclusion:
These studies demonstrated that AS-IV protects against sepsis-induced kidney tubular injury by
alleviating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction possibly associated with the restored cleaved caspase3
pathway.
Hydrophobic-hydrophilic Alternation: An effective Pattern to de novo Designed
Antimicrobial Peptides
Authors: Zeng Ping , Cheng Qipeng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
The antimicrobial peptide (AMP) is a class of molecules that are active against a variety of microorganisms, from bacterial and cancer cells to fungi. Most AMPs are natural products, as part of an organism's
own defense system against harmful microbes. However, the growing prevalence of drug resistance has forced
researchers to design more promising engineered antimicrobial agents. Inspired by the amphiphilic detergents,
the hydrophobic-hydrophilic alternation pattern was considered to be a simple but effective way to de novo design AMPs. In this model, hydrophobic amino acids (leucine, isoleucine et al.) and hydrophilic amino acids
(arginine, lysine et al.) were arranged in an alternating way in the peptide sequence. The majority of this type of
peptides have a clear hydrophilic-hydrophobic interface, which allows the molecules to have good solubility in
both water and organic solvents. When they come into contact with hydrophobic membranes, many peptides
undergo a conformational transformation, facilitating themself to insert into the cellular envelope. Moreover,
positive-charged peptide amphiphiles tended to have an affinity with negatively-charged membrane interfaces
and further led to envelope damage and cell death. Herein, several typical design patterns have been reviewed.
Though varying in amino acid sequence, they all basically follow the rule of alternating arrangement of hydrophilic and hydrophobic residues. Based on that, researchers synthesized some lead compounds with favorable
antimicrobial activities and preliminarily investigated their possible mode of action. Besides membrane disruption, these AMPs are proven to kill microbes in multiple mechanisms. These results deepened our understanding of AMPs’ design and provided a theoretical basis for constructing peptide candidates with better biocompatibility and therapeutic potential
RNA Aptamer-functionalized Polymeric Nanoparticles in Targeted Delivery and
Cancer Therapy: An up-to-date Review
Authors: Marangoni Karina , Menezes Regina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Cancer nanotechnology takes advantage of nanoparticles to diagnose and treat cancer. The use of
natural and synthetic polymers for drug delivery has become increasingly popular. Polymeric nanoparticles
(PNPs) can be loaded with chemotherapeutics, small chemicals, and/or biological therapeutics. Major problems
in delivering such therapeutics to the desired targets are associated with the lack of specificity and the low capacity
of PNPs to cross cell membranes, which seems to be even more difficult to overcome in multidrugresistant
cancer cells with rigid lipid bilayers. Despite the progress of these nanocarrier delivery systems
(NDSs), active targeting approaches to complement the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect are
necessary to improve their therapeutic efficiency and reduce systemic toxicity. For this, a targeting moiety is
required to deliver the nanocarrier systems to a specific location. A strategy to overcome these limitations and
raise the uptake of PNPs is the conjugation with RNA aptamers (RNApt) with specificity for cancer cells. The
site-directed delivery of drugs is made by the functionalization of these specific ligands on the NDSs surface,
thereby creating specificity for features of cancer cell membranes or an overexpressed target/receptor exposed
to those cells. Despite the advances in the field, NDSs development and functionalization are still in their early
stages and numerous challenges are expected to impact the technology. Thus, RNApt supplies a promising reply
to the common problem related to drug delivery by NDSs. This review summarizes the current knowledge
on the use of RNApt to generate functionalized PNPs for cancer therapy, discussing the most relevant studies in
the area.
Relationship Between Autophagy and Drug Resistance in Tumors
Authors: Hu Xuan , Wen Lu , Li Xianfeng , Zhu Chuanying 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Multidrug resistance (MDR) in tumor cells, a phenomenon in which tumor cells become resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs with different chemical structures and mechanisms of action, is a major obstacle to tumor therapy and is an urgent problem to be addressed. Autophagy, widely found in eukaryotic cells, is a lysosome-dependent pathway of self-degradation. In different environments, autophagy can play different roles in the self-protection of cells. At different stages of tumorigenesis, autophagy can play two distinct roles: inhibition of cancer and promotion of cancer. The relationship between autophagy and drug resistance in tumor cells is complex. Moreover, autophagy can play a role in promoting drug resistance and drug sensitivity through different molecular pathways. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between autophagy and drug resistance in tumor cells from the perspective of molecular mechanisms.
Practical Manipulation for the Preparation of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
for Drug Delivery Vehicles
Authors: Kim Minki , Shim Heeok , Na Young-Guk , Lee Hong-Ki , Baek Jong-Suep , Cho Cheong-Weon 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Optimization of MSNs is the most important process for efficient and safe drug delivery systems.

Objective:
In this study, the physicochemical properties of MSNs were evaluated using various compositions of individual reagents.

Methods:
MSNs were synthesized according to a modified Stöber method. The physicochemical properties
of MSNs were evaluated. Spherical uniform particles were observed in the scanning electron microscope
(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image and the meso-structure of MSNs
was confirmed. The amorphous and specific hexagonal structure of MSNs was confirmed through Xray
diffraction (XRD) and SAXRD.

Results:
Results: The particle size and surface area according to changes in amounts of reagents ranged from
34.5 ± 2.3 to 216.0 ± 17.1 nm and from 549.79 to 1154.26 m2/g, respectively. A linear relationship was
found between the surface area of MSNs and the adsorption rate of methylene blue (MB). MSNs exhibited
no apparent cytotoxic effect on Caco-2 cell up to 200 μg/mL. The amounts of tetramethyl ammonium
silicate and tetraethyl ortho silicate (TEOS), NaOH, and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide
(CTAB) were adjusted to control the particle size and surface area of MSNs, and it was found that the
amounts of synthetic reagents affected the physicochemical properties such as particle size and surface
area of MSNs. MSNs with a large surface area adsorbed a large amount of MB.

Conclusion:
These results indicated that drug adsorption is related to the surface area of MSNs. MSNs did not show cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells. MSNs may be a promising nanomaterial that could be applied as a carrier for various drugs.