bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Researchers’ Role Reflexivity When Studying Values Work
Authors: Sirris Stephen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRelevant to all research methods, reflexivity refers to an examination of the connections between the researchers and the research. It promotes transparency in research and is an indicator of the quality of the research process. Particularly important to qualitative studies, it concerns the researcher’s presence, interactions and impact on the research. This chapter conceptualises role reflexivity as researchers’ capacity to identify, account for and manage their roles. I argue and show through examples how role reflexivity is central to researching values work by examining three phases of data collection. Specifically, I consider reflexivity before data collection in terms of interest and self-presentation in claiming and establishing roles, during data collection in the form of performing and negotiating preferred and attributed roles, and after data collection in terms of interpreting role patterns.
Values at Work: Mapping the Field Through the Lens of Methodological Approaches
Authors: Løvaas Beate Jelstad 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe aim of this chapter is to investigate how research on values in organisations is conducted by mapping the field through the lens of methodological approaches. Selecting suitable methods for a given research purpose or a specific research question is an essential skill for researchers. By linking aim and research question with design and methods, the chapter presents a brief overview of the quantitative and qualitative approaches that have been used to study explicit and implicit values in organisations. The ways in which these applied research methods have enabled or hindered our understanding of values at work are discussed. Mixed methods approaches are discussed as a possible avenue for future research on values in organisations.
Extending Knowledge, Improving Practice and Refining Values: Research Informed by the Concept of Phronesis
Authors: Eriksen Dag-Håkon , Strumińska-Kutra Marta 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores how the concept of phronesis (practical wisdom) promotes research that goes beyond the three traditional research goals—exploration, description and explanation—and aims at the improvement of practice, refinement of values and production of knowledge. When applied to research activity, the concept of practical wisdom opens up possibilities of realising co-development of theoretical knowledge, reflection over values and improvement of practice at the same time, constituting a type of values work. This chapter addresses how such research on values can be undertaken within organisations, with a special focus on reflection in groups. It also presents an example of a research study informed by phronesis.
Dilemmas and Craftsmanship Practices: Strategies for Empirically Uncovering Values and Value Conflicts
Authors: de Graaf Gjalt , Paanakker Hester 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter’s aim is to unearth values and value conflicts in the public realm. By elaborating two different and related research strategies that have successfully been adopted in different empirical studies, we describe how we can study these tricky things called values in their context. More specifically, the goal of this chapter is to uncover values and value conflicts through two (related) strategies: (1) by studying dilemmas and (2) by studying craftsmanship practices. To help readers understand the practicalities of these research strategies and support them in applying them themselves, we provide detailed tips, tricks and visualisations on data collection, data analysis and examples of research findings.
Thematic Analysis: Making Values Emerge from Texts
Authors: Wæraas Arild 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter explains how thematic analysis can be used to make values emerge from texts. Taking reflexive thematic analysis as its starting point, it begins by giving a general overview of the processes of coding and generating themes from codes. The chapter then presents three ways of generating themes from coded values: Grouping synonyms, grouping based on value type, and grouping based on semantic meaning. It also distinguishes between and gives examples of thematic coding of values at the explicit, implicit, and latent level. Overall, the chapter presents a five-step approach to thematic analysis of values: (1) assigning codes, (2) generating themes, and if possible (3) organizing themes, (4) identifying aggregate dimensions, and (5) making visual representations of codes and themes.
Introduction
Authors: Richardson John T. E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter describes the origins of serif and sans serif typefaces in ancient inscriptions and especially in those dating from ancient Rome. Serif inscriptions evolved during the Middle Ages and were used as the basis for the first printed typefaces. Sans serif inscriptions were used in England during the eighteenth century on monuments and public buildings. Both were increasingly used in printing from 1820 until the present day. This chapter also describes the application of systematic review to the issue of the legibility of serif and sans serif typefaces.
Reading and Comprehending Text
Authors: Richardson John T. E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResearch onreading text presented on computer screens has enabled investigators to use other forms of technology such as eye-tracking equipment. As with research on reading from paper, asking participants to read continuous text provides less opportunity for researchers to impose experimental control over their reading behaviour. Some researchers have instead focused on their participants’ comprehension of material. A particular device that has been investigated is the presentation of letters, words, or groups of words one at a time at the reader’s point of fixation. This was originally thought to compensate for the limitations of handheld devices. It has tended to be assumed that sans serif typefaces are more legible than serif typefaces when used on handheld devicesor smartphones. Finally, this chapter describes research on the connotations of different typefaces when presented on computer screens.
Reading Text in Internet Browsers
Authors: Richardson John T. E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter discusses whether serif and sans serif typefaces differ in their legibility when saved in HTML and viewed on-screen through web browsers. This includes material saved in a local workstation as well as material retrieved from the internet. In addition to a variety of individual studies, the chapter describes a research programme that was carried out by Bernard and colleagues at Wichita State University. Further research has been carried out into the use of different typefaces for various online purposes.
Coda: Lessons Learned
Authors: Richardson John T. E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis end-piece considers lessons that can be learned from this review. Some researchers have put forward reasons why serifs might render typefaces more legible. Others have suggested that the presence or absence of serifs is a proxy for some other property of typefaces. In fact, there seems to be no difference in the legibility of serif typefaces and sans serif typefaces either when reading from paper or when reading from screens. The most important lesson is that assertions to the effect that “everybody knows” that such-and-such” should be regarded simply as conjectures that might be subject to refutation through carefully designed research.
Reading and Comprehending Text
Authors: Richardson John T. E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAnumber of studies have evaluated the role of typographic variables (including the presence or absence of serifs) in reading continuous text. Asking participants to read continuous text allows less scope for experimental control, and so some researchers have instead focused on participants’ comprehension of written material. Subjective impressions of the legibility of different typefaces can be regarded as one aspect of their connotative meaning, and other researchers have asked participants to evaluate typefaces on different dimensions using single rating scales or semantic differentials. The chapter concludes by considering the role of such connotative variables in the legibility of text printed in different typefaces.
Reading in Context
Authors: Richardson John T. E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt has been argued that the context of reading is a primary determinant of the legibility of different typefaces and the readers’ expectations of the legibility of what they are reading. Newspaper headlines have been used as a specific context in which researchers have studied the legibility and connotations of different kinds of text. Wheildon presented an extensive programme of research on the legibility of different kinds of text. However, his research has come under extensive criticism and suffers from further issues that have not been noted in previous research. Several researchers have subsequently considered the effect of variations in typefaces and the expectations of readers in different kinds of situations.
Constraining momentum space CFT correlators with consistent position space OPE limit and the collider bound
Authors: Jain Sachin , John Renjan Rajan , Mehta Abhishek , Dhruva K. S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Consistency with position space OPE limit requires three-point momentum space CFT correlators to have only total energy singularity. We show that this requirement gives a simple proof of the known result that in three dimensions the parity-odd structure cannot exist for three-point correlators of exactly conserved currents with spins si, sj, sk, when triangle inequality si ≤ sj + sk is violated. We also show that even for parity even correlation functions the properties are different inside and outside the triangle. It was previously shown that if we allow for weakly broken higher spin symmetry, parity-odd correlators can exist even when triangle inequality is violated. In this paper we establish a relation between non-conservation Ward-Takahashi (WT) identities for weakly broken currents at large N and the WT identities for exactly conserved currents with the help of a few examples. This allows us to calculate the parity violating results outside the triangle using parity-even free bosonic and free fermionic results.In general, there is one parity-odd structure and two parity-even structures for three-point functions. It can be shown that the coefficient of one of the parity-even and odd parts can be combined into a complex parameter c when correlators are expressed in spinor-helicity variables. When this complex parameter takes real value c = ±1 it corresponds to either the free boson or free fermion theory. When c is a pure phase, it corresponds to Chern-Simons matter theories. Furthermore, re-expressing known results for conformal collider bounds we see that |c| ≤ 1 for generic 3d CFTs and |c| ≤ f(∆gap) for holographic CFTs.
On the continuum limit of the entanglement Hamiltonian of a sphere for the free massless scalar field
Authors: Javerzat Nina , Tonni Erik 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study the continuum limit of the entanglement Hamiltonian of a sphere for the massless scalar field in its ground state by employing the lattice model defined through the discretisation of the radial direction. In two and three spatial dimensions and for small values of the total angular momentum, we find numerical results in agreement with the corresponding ones derived from the entanglement Hamiltonian predicted by conformal field theory. When the mass parameter in the lattice model is large enough, the dominant contributions come from the on-site and the nearest-neighbour terms, whose weight functions are straight lines.
Hamilton–Jacobi flows with nowhere differentiable initial data
Authors: Fujita Yasuhiro , Siconolfi Antonio , Yamaguchi Norikazu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe deal with a sort of inverse problem. Namely, we aim at deriving features of initial data of an Hamilton-Jacobi flow starting from specific assumptions on the flow. To this scope, we introduce a class of nowhere differentiable functions, and characterize a function in this class through a property of the Hamilton–Jacobi flow issued from this function. This analysis shows that, despite the regularizing effect of the flow, nowhere differentiability of initial data can be nevertheless detected looking at the flow for positive times.
Development and validation of a highly effective analytical method for the evaluation of the exposure of migratory birds to antibiotics and their metabolites by faeces analysis
Authors: Mejías Carmen , Martín Julia , Santos Juan Luis , Aparicio Irene , Sánchez Marta Isabel , Alonso Esteban 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The widespread occurrence of antibiotics in the environment may exert a negative impact on wild organisms. In addition, they can become environmental reservoirs, through the ingestion of food or contaminated water, and vectors for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This fact is even more important in migratory birds that can promote their dissemination across continents. In this work, a multiresidue analytical method suitable for the determination of five families of antibiotics and their main metabolites in waterbird faeces has been developed and validated. The target compounds include environmentally significant sulfonamides, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines and antifolates. Sample treatment involves ultrasound-assisted extraction with methanol and dispersive solid-phase extraction clean-up with C18. Analytical determination was carried out by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The most significant parameters affecting sample extraction and extract clean-up were optimised by means of experimental designs. Good linearity (R2 > 0.994), accuracy (from 41 to 127%), precision (relative standard deviation lower than 24%) and limits of quantification (lower than 2 ng g−1 (dry weight, dw)) were obtained for most of the compounds. The method was applied to the determination of the selected compounds in 27 faeces samples from three common migratory waterbird species. Nine antibiotics and three of their metabolites were detected in the analysed samples. Fluoroquinolones and macrolides were the antibiotics most frequently detected. The highest concentrations corresponded to norfloxacin (up to 199 ng g−1 dw).
Graphical abstract
Belastungserleben pflegender Angehöriger während der Coronapandemie
Authors: Theurer Christina , Rother Doreen , Pfeiffer Klaus , Wilz Gabriele 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Bereits vor der Coronapandemie waren pflegende Angehörige mit einer Vielzahl an Herausforderungen und Belastungen konfrontiert. Erste Onlineerhebungen zeigten eine Zunahme der Pflegebelastung während der Pandemie. Ergänzend hierzu wurde eine Erhebung zu Auswirkungen der Pandemie auf bereits belastete pflegende Angehörige in Deutschland durchgeführt.

Methode
Im Rahmen einer Evaluationsstudie zu einem gestuften Beratungsansatz für hochbelastete pflegende Angehörige wurden von 165 Pflegenden quantitative und qualitative Daten zum Belastungserleben, zu Ängsten und Wünschen in der Coronapandemie bezüglich der Pflege erhoben. Die Auswertungen erfolgten deskriptiv und mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse.

Ergebnisse
Von den Angehörigen gaben 26 % starke Ängste an, sich mit SARS-CoV‑2 zu infizieren, 50 % befürchteten, dass die gepflegte Person erkranken könnte. Die Hälfte berichtete deutliche Auswirkungen auf den Pflegealltag (47 %) und nahm eine deutliche Erhöhung der Pflegbelastung (51 %) wahr. Als häufigste negative Auswirkungen auf den Pflegealltag wurden der Ausfall von Pflegedienstleistungen und ein Mangel an Zeit für sich selbst genannt. Dementsprechend wurde am häufigsten der Wunsch nach Unterstützung geäußert. Der Pflegegrad, das Alter der Pflegenden und die vorherige Nutzung des Pflegedienstes erwiesen sich als Prädiktoren für das durch die Pflegenden eingeschätzte Belastungserleben der Erkrankten.

Diskussion
Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die negativen Auswirkungen der Coronapandemie auf die Belastung pflegender Angehöriger eindrücklich. Zur Bewältigung der komplexen Zusatzbelastungen benötigen Angehörige Angebote, die zu deren Teilhabechancen sowie zur Verbesserung der Versorgung und sozialen Teilhabe der Pflegebedürftigen während der Pandemie beitragen.
A unique case of death by MDPHP with no other co-ingestion: a forensic toxicology case
Authors: Di Candia Domenico , Boracchi Michele , Ciprandi Barbara , Giordano Gaia , Zoja Riccardo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Synthetic cathinones are a class of psychoactive drugs that have become, in recent years, of quite common observation in medical and toxicological forensic field. MDPHP (3,4-methylenedioxy-α-pyrrolidinohexanophenone) belongs to this class of substances but lethal acute intoxication caused by this specific substance without other co-ingestions has never been described in literature. We are presenting the unique case of a fatal acute intoxication caused by MDPHP in a 48-year-old man carried to the A&E department of a big Milanese hospital where he suddenly deceased after brief time. Clinical records, autopsy examination, histological findings, and toxicological analysis, assessed via a Q-Exactive Orbitrap with a HPLC system and LC/MS–MS system, are discussed. This case report may represent the first case of this type of intoxication and might help in improving recognition and treatment of these particular cases.
The repeatability of neuromuscular activation strategies recorded in recreationally active individuals during cycling
Authors: Cutler Hannah R. , Hodson-Tole Emma 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The human neuro-motor system can select different intermuscular coordination patterns to complete any given task, such as pedalling a bicycle. This study assessed whether intermuscular coordination patterns are used consistently across visit days and cadence conditions in recreationally active individuals.

Methods
Seven participants completed a cycling exercise protocol across 2 days, consisting of pedalling at 150 Watts at cadences of 60, 80 and 100 rpm. Whilst cycling, surface electromyography was continuously recorded from ten leg muscles. For each participant, muscle coordination patterns were established using principal component (PC) analysis and the amount that each pattern was used was quantified by the PC loading scores. A sample entropy derived measure of the persistence of the loading scores across consecutive pedal cycles, entropic half-life (EnHL), was calculated. The median loading scores and EnHLs of the first three PCs were then compared across cadence conditions and visit days.

Results
No significant differences were found in the median loading scores across cadence conditions or visits, nor were there any significant differences in the EnHLs across visits. However, the EnHLs were significantly longer when participants were cycling at 60 rpm compared to 100 rpm.

Conclusion
These findings are based on a small sample size, but do suggest that, within individual participants, a consistent neuromuscular control strategy is used during cycling on different days. However, the underlying structure of muscle coordination is more persistent when pedalling at slower cadences with large differences between individuals.
Subclinical cardiac dysfunction in pediatric kidney transplant recipients identified by speckle-tracking echocardiography
Authors: Bárczi Adrienn , Lakatos Bálint Károly , Szilágyi Mónika , Kis Éva , Cseprekál Orsolya , Fábián Alexandra , Kovács Attila , Szabó Attila J. , Merkely Béla , Salvi Paolo , Reusz György S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Kidney transplantation (KTx) improves prognosis in children with kidney failure; still, these patients are prone to cardiovascular damage due to multiple risk factors. Our aim was to assess myocardial structure and function in pediatric KTx by conventional and speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) in association with established cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods
Forty-two KTx and 39 healthy age- and gender-matched children were evaluated. KTx recipients were further categorized according to the control of hypertension assessed by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Subjects underwent pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement, conventional echocardiography, and 2-dimensional STE. Left and right ventricular (LV, RV) global longitudinal strain (GLS), and LV circumferential strain (GCS) were measured. Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated according to the Schwartz formula.

Results
KTx patients had increased blood pressure and arterial stiffness. LV ejection fraction (EF) was preserved along with elevated LV mass index (LVMi) while LVGLS was significantly lower, whereas LVGCS and RVGLS were increased in KTx. Uncontrolled hypertensives had lower LVGLS compared to those with controlled hypertension. Using multiple forward stepwise regression analysis, 24-h SBP and relative wall thickness (RWT) were independent determinants of LVMi, whereas antihypertensive therapy, eGFR, and HOMA-IR were independent determinants of LVGLS.

Conclusions
Cardiac morphology and function show distinct changes after KTx. Along with comparable ventricular volumes, LV hypertrophy and subclinical myocardial dysfunction are present. Control of hypertension and kidney graft function are major factors of LV performance. STE may be useful to reveal early myocardial dysfunction in pediatric KTx.

Graphical abstract
A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
The fear of cancer recurrence and progression in patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Pijnappel Esther N. , Dijksterhuis Willemieke P. M. , Sprangers Mirjam A. G. , Augustinus Simone , de Vos-Geelen Judith , de Hingh Ignace H. J. T. , Molenaar Izaak Q. , Busch Olivier R. , Besselink Marc G. , Wilmink Johanna W. , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. ,   for the Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Group
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
It is plausible that patients with pancreatic cancer experience fear of tumor recurrence or progression (FOP). The aim of this study was to compare FOP in patients with pancreatic cancer treated with surgical resection, palliative systemic treatment, or best supportive care (BSC) and analyze the association between quality of life (QoL) and FOP and the effect of FOP on overall survival (OS).

Methods
This study included patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer between 2015 and 2018, who participated in the Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Project (PACAP). The association between QoL and WOPS was assessed with logistic regression analyses. OS was evaluated using Kaplan–Meier curves with the log-rank tests and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses adjusted for clinical covariates and QoL.

Results
Of 315 included patients, 111 patients underwent surgical resection, 138 received palliative systemic treatment, and 66 received BSC. Patients who underwent surgical resection had significantly lower WOPS scores (i.e., less FOP) at initial diagnosis compared to patients who received palliative systemic treatment or BSC only (P < 0.001). Better QoL was independently associated with the probability of having a low FOP in the BSC (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91–0.98) but not in the surgical resection (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–1.01) and palliative systemic treatment groups (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94–1.00). The baseline WOPS score was not independently associated with OS in any of the subgroups.

Conclusion
Given the distress that FOP evokes, FOP should be explicitly addressed by health care providers when guiding pancreatic cancer patients through their treatment trajectory, especially those receiving palliative treatment or BSC.