bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antisense lncRNA NNT-AS1 promoted esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by regulating its sense gene NNT expression
Authors: Pan Xianglong , Wang Qi , Yu Yue , Wu Weibing , Chen Liang , Wang Wei , Li Zhihua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAntisense lncRNAs were endogenous productions from the antisense strand of coding genes and were transcribed in the reverse direction of the sense gene. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the roles and functions of antisense lncRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Differentially expressed antisense lncRNAs were initially screened based on transcriptome data of 119 paired ESCC samples in GSE53624 and were further validated in 6 paired ESCC samples from our institution. Log-rank test was adopted to identify ESCC prognosis-associated lncRNAs. Finally, functional assays were performed to reveal the functions of our identified antisense lncRNAs. In total, 174 antisense lncRNAs were differentially expressed in both GSE53624 and JSPH databases. Five of them were significantly associated with ESCC prognosis (NNT-AS1, NKILA, CCDC18-AS1, SLCO4A1-AS1, and AC110619.1). Of note, NNT-AS1 showed the most significant association with ESCC prognosis. The upregulation of NNT-AS1 was further confirmed in ESCC cells. Knockdown of NNT-AS1 inhibited ESCC cell proliferation, migration, promoted ESCC cells apoptosis, and induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M stage. NNT-AS1 expression significantly correlated with its sense gene NNT. As expected, NNT-AS1 knockdown suppressed NNT expression. Inhibition of NNT repressed ESCC cell proliferation and migration, and accelerated ESCC cell apoptosis. Overexpression of NNT could rescue the suppressed proliferation and migration of ESCC cells induced by the silencing of NNT-AS1. In terms of mechanism, NNT-AS1 served as a competing endogenous RNA to sponge the miR-382-5p, which could inhibit NNT expression. Pathway enrichment analysis and western blot assay indicated that NNT-AS1 and NNT could regulate the cell cycle pathway. In conclusion, antisense lncRNA NNT-AS1 facilitated ECSS progression by targeting its sense gene NNT through sponging miR-382-5p. This study provided us with a deeper insight into the roles of antisense lncRNAs in ESCC and identified novel potential therapeutic targets.
Defining the specificity and function of a human neutralizing antibody for Hepatitis B virus
Authors: Jhajharia Saket , Lai Fritz , Low Heng Boon , Purushotorman Kiren , Shunmuganathan Bhuvaneshwari D/O , Chan Conrad En Zuo , Hammond Rachel , Netter Hans-Jürgen , Chen Qingfeng , Lim Seng Gee , MacAry Paul A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a hepadnavirus that is the principal pathogen underlying viral liver disease in human populations. In this study, we describe the isolation and characterization of a fully human monoclonal antibody for HBV. This HuMab was isolated by a combinatorial screen of the memory B-cell repertoire from an acute/recovered HBV-infected patient. Lead candidate selection was based upon strong binding and neutralizing activity for live HBV. We provide a detailed biochemical/biophysical, and subclass characterization of its specificity and affinity against all of the principal HBV genotypes combined with a functional analysis of its in vitro activity. We also demonstrate its potential as a prophylaxis/therapy in vivo using human liver chimeric mouse models for HBV infection. These data have important implications for our understanding of natural human immunity to HBV and suggest that this potentially represents a new antibody-based anti-viral candidate for prophylaxis and/or therapy for HBV infection.
Short-term effect of orthokeratology lens wear on choroidal blood flow in children with low and moderate myopia
Authors: Zhu Qing , Zhao Qi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe investigated changes in choroidal vascularity and choriocapillaris blood perfusion during orthokeratology (Ortho-K) lens wear. Sixty-two children with low to moderate myopia were enrolled. The Ortho-K group (n = 42) continuously wore Ortho-K lenses for 3 months, and the controls (n = 20) wore single-vision distance spectacles. All of the patients were instructed to return for follow-up visits after 1 day, 1 week and 1 month and 3 months of treatment. The subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFChT), choroidal vascularity [including the total choroidal area, luminal area, stromal area, and choroidal vascularity index (CVI)] and percentage of choriocapillaris flow voids (FV%) were determined with a Cirrus HD-OCT instrument. Additionally, ocular parameters were measured. In the Ortho-K group, the SFChT significantly increased by 12.61 ± 5.90 μm, the CVI was significantly increased by 2.99 ± 2.07% and 3.01 ± 2.32% on the horizontal and vertical scans respectively, and the FV% was significantly decreased by 0.89 ± 0.34% from baseline at the 1-week visit (all p < 0.001). The choroidal parameters remained unchanged at the 1-month and 3-month follow-ups with respect to the 1-week follow-up. In the control group, the choroidal parameters did not change significantly at 1 month (all p > 0.05). At the 3-month visit, the changes in the axial length (AL) and vitreous chamber depth (VCD) were significantly greater in the control group than in the Ortho-K group (0.14 ± 0.23 and 0.03 ± 0.05 mm in AL, 0.15 ± 0.23 and 0.06 ± 0.03 mm in VCD respectively). Our longitudinal study showed several choroidal parameter changes in the early stage in Ortho-K lens wearers with low to moderate myopia, and these changes persisted over 3 months. We speculate that Ortho-K lenses regulate choroidal thickness and blood perfusion, affecting myopia development.
Analyzing the GHSI puzzle of whether highly developed countries fared worse in COVID-19
Authors: Markovic Sofija , Salom Igor , Rodic Andjela , Djordjevic Marko 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGlobal Health Security Index (GHSI) categories are formulated to assess the capacity of world countries to deal with infectious disease risks. Thus, higher values of these indices were expected to translate to lower COVID-19 severity. However, it turned out to be the opposite, surprisingly suggesting that higher estimated country preparedness to epidemics may lead to higher disease mortality. To address this puzzle, we: (i) use a model-derived measure of COVID-19 severity; (ii) employ a range of statistical learning approaches, including non-parametric machine learning methods; (iii) consider the overall excess mortality, in addition to official COVID-19 fatality counts. Our results suggest that the puzzle is, to a large extent, an artifact of oversimplified data analysis and a consequence of misclassified COVID-19 deaths, combined with the higher median age of the population and earlier epidemics onset in countries with high GHSI scores.
Role of calcium carbonate in the process of heavy metal biosorption from solutions: synergy of metal removal mechanisms
Authors: Wierzba Sławomir , Makuchowska-Fryc Joanna , Kłos Andrzej , Ziembik Zbigniew , Ochędzan-Siodłak Wioletta 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe effect of calcium carbonate on the removal efficiency of cations of the selected heavy metals Cu, Zn and Pb from aqueous solutions using various biosorbents (BS) was investigated under laboratory static conditions. The main mechanism of biosorption of heavy metal cations is ion exchange, whereas the reaction with calcium carbonate results in precipitation of poorly soluble carbonates and hydroxides of the examined heavy metals. Studies conducted under static conditions have shown that the effect of Cu and Zn cations removal from solutions is better when using a mixture of BS and CaCO3 as compared to the effect of process, in which these two components were used separately. Removal efficiency for Cu and Zn has been shown to increase from 20 to 50% depending on the BS used. For the removal of lead cations, a measurable effect is found only for biosorbents whose active centers are saturated with protons (improvement in removal efficiency by about 20%). A synergy effect in the flow system was also investigated. It was found that under the conditions of the experiment, the addition of powdered CaCO3, in a weight ratio of 1 g CaCO3: 15 g BS, increases the removal efficiency of all the metals studied by 20–30%. It has been shown that an important role in the process of heterophasic ion exchange is played by neutralization of protons—desorbed from the biosorbents—with hydroxide ions released into the solution by partial dissolution of CaCO3 and subsequent hydrolysis reaction.
A digital physician peer to automatically detect erroneous prescriptions in radiotherapy
Authors: Li Qiongge , Wright Jean , Hales Russell , Voong Ranh , McNutt Todd 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAppropriate dosing of radiation is crucial to patient safety in radiotherapy. Current quality assurance depends heavily on a physician peer-review process, which includes a review of the treatment plan’s dose and fractionation. Potentially, physicians may not identify errors during this manual peer review due to time constraints and caseload. A novel prescription anomaly detection algorithm is designed that utilizes historical data from the past to predict anomalous cases. Such a tool can serve as an electronic peer who will assist the peer-review process providing extra safety to the patients. In our primary model, we create two dissimilarity metrics, R and F. R defining how far a new patient’s prescription is from historical prescriptions. F represents how far away a patient’s feature set is from that of the group with an identical or similar prescription. We flag prescription if either metric is greater than specific optimized cut-off values. We use thoracic cancer patients (n = 2504) as an example and extracted seven features. Our testing set f1 score is between 73%-94% for different treatment technique groups. We also independently validate our results by conducting a mock peer review with three thoracic specialists. Our model has a lower type II error rate compared to the manual peer-review by physicians.
Diffusive regimes in a two-dimensional chiral fluid
Authors: Vega Reyes Francisco , López-Castaño Miguel A. , Rodríguez-Rivas Álvaro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDiffusion is a fundamental aspect of transport processes in biological systems, and thus, in the development of life itself. And yet, the diffusive dynamics of active fluids with directed rotation, known as chiral fluids, has not been analyzed in detail so far. Here, we describe the diffusive regimes of a two-dimensional chiral fluid, composed in this case of a set of identical disk-shaped rotors. We found strong experimental evidence of odd diffusion. This odd diffusion emerges in the form of a two-dimensional tensor with an antisymmetric part. In particular, we show that chiral diffusion is complex, featuring transitions between super, quasi-normal, and sub diffusion, and very slowly aging. Moreover, we show that the diffusion tensor elements, including off-diagonal elements; i.e., odd diffusion coefficient, change sign according to flow vorticity. Therefore, the chiral fluid has a self regulated diffusion, controlled by its vorticity.
Unraveling the effect of collagen damage on bone fracture using in situ synchrotron microtomography with deep learning
Authors: Sieverts Michael , Obata Yoshihiro , Rosenberg James L. , Woolley William , Parkinson Dilworth Y. , Barnard Harold S. , Pelt Daniël M. , Acevedo Claire 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhen studying bone fragility diseases, it is difficult to identify which factors reduce bone’s resistance to fracture because these diseases alter bone at many length scales. Here, we investigate the contribution of nanoscale collagen behavior on macroscale toughness and microscale toughening mechanisms using a bovine heat-treatment fragility model. This model is assessed by developing an in situ toughness testing technique for synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography to study the evolution of microscale crack growth in 3D. Low-dose imaging is employed with deep learning to denoise images while maintaining bone’s innate mechanical properties. We show that collagen damage significantly reduces macroscale toughness and post-yield properties. We also find that bone samples with a compromised collagen network have reduced amounts of crack deflection, the main microscale mechanism of fracture resistance. This research demonstrates that collagen damage at the nanoscale adversely affects bone’s toughening mechanisms at the microscale and reduces the overall toughness of bone.
Obstacle‐transformer: A trajectory prediction network based on surrounding trajectories
Authors: Zhang Wendong , Chai Qingjie , Zhang Quanqi , Wu Chengwei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecurrent Neural Network, Long Short‐Term Memory, and Transformer have made great progress in predicting the trajectories of moving objects. Although the trajectory element with the surrounding scene features has been merged to improve performance, there still exist some problems to be solved. One is that the time series processing models will increase the inference time with the increase of the number of prediction sequences. Another problem is that the features cannot be extracted from the scene's image and point cloud in some situations. Therefore, an Obstacle‐Transformer is proposed to predict trajectory in a constant inference time. An ‘obstacle’ is designed by the surrounding trajectory rather than images or point clouds, making Obstacle‐Transformer more applicable in a wider range of scenarios. Experiments are conducted on ETH and UCY datasets to verify the performance of our model.
Successful Management of Congenital Radial Head Subluxation in a Juvenile Dog Using Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Suture Toggle
Authors: Chong Wye Li , Davey Jack , Jermyn Kieri , Sul Rui , Michelsen Jacob 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCongenital humeroradial subluxation was diagnosed by clinical examination and radiography in a 16-week-old female dog that presented for left forelimb lameness. This was treated surgically by open reduction followed by placement of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene suture from the craniolateral aspect of the proximal radius to the caudomedial aspect of the ulna, secured with a toggle and suture button. Postoperative findings were consistent with clinical improvement and radiographs were compatible with resolution of elbow subluxation. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of congenital humeroradial subluxation to be managed with an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene suture toggle.
Effect of
Authors: Al-Yahyaey F. , Shaat I. , Hall E. , Bush R. D. 
Published: October 2022

Context Spirulina platensis (SP) has been found to be an important dietary supplement for boosting animal growth performance, having a high protein content (60–70% on a dry-matter basis) with minimal toxicity. Aims The effect of Spirulina platensis (SP) supplementation on the growth and performance of two Omani goat breeds (Jabbali and Sahrawi) was investigated. Methods Thirty-six 11-month-old bucks from two Omani goat breeds were studied for 70 days at the Livestock Research Centre, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Water Resources, Oman. Each breed was divided into three groups (n = 6) and fed one of the following three rations: (1) control (CON): concentrate with 14% crude protein and 11.9% energy (MJ/kg DM); (2) Treatment 1 (T1): the same concentrate with 2 g/head.day SP; and (3) Treatment 2 (T2): the same concentrate with 4 g/head.day SP. Weekly growth, performance and body conformation data collected included live bodyweight (BWT), body condition score (BCS), average daily gain (ADG), chest girth (CG), wither height (WH) and body length (BL). Key results The Jabbali breed had a higher feed conversion ratio for T1 and T2 than did the Sahrawi breed. During the trial, no differences in total DM intake were found between treatments for either breed. T1 and T2 SP supplementation levels significantly (P < 0.05) improved the BWT and ADG of the Sahrawi breed compared with the CON group. Analysis of all traits indicated a significant (P < 0.05) effect of feeding spirulina on all the studied traits except WH and BL. ANOVAs for fixed effects in this study (dam age and kid birth type, i.e. single, twin or triple) were not significant (P > 0.05) for any of the studied traits. However, the breed effect was highly significant (P < 0.001) on BWT, ADG, BCS and treatment effect was significant (P < 0.05) on CG traits. Conclusions Spirulina platensis could be used as a supplement feed to improve growth, performance and morphological traits in Omani goat production. Feeding spirulina to kids led to increased growth, herd performance and buck selection facilitation at an earlier age. Implications These findings will benefit Omani goat producers in managing productivity and product quality.
Numerical simulations of stochastic inflation using importance sampling
Authors: Jackson Joseph H.P. , Assadullahi Hooshyar , Koyama Kazuya , Vennin Vincent , Wands David 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We show how importance sampling can be used to reconstruct the statistics of rare cosmological fluctuations in stochastic inflation. We have developed a publicly available package, PyFPT,[https://github.com/Jacks0nJ/PyFPT.] that solves the first-passage time problem of generic one-dimensional Langevin processes. In the stochastic-δ N formalism, these are related to the curvature perturbation at the end of inflation. We apply this method to quadratic inflation, where the existence of semi-analytical results allows us to benchmark our approach. We find excellent agreement within the estimated statistical error, both in the drift- and diffusion-dominated regimes. The computation takes at most a few hours on a single CPU, and can reach probability values corresponding to less than one Hubble patch per observable universe at the end of inflation. With direct sampling, this would take more than the age of the universe to simulate even with the best current supercomputers. As an application, we study how the presence of large-field boundaries might affect the tail of the probability distribution. We also find that non-perturbative deviations from Gaussianity are not always of the simple exponential type.
Correcting for small-displacement interlopers in BAO analyses
Authors: Foroozan Setareh , Massara Elena , Percival Will J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Due to the low resolution of slitless spectroscopy, future surveys including those made possible by the Roman and Euclid space telescopes will be prone to line mis-identification, leading to interloper galaxies at the wrong redshifts in the large-scale structure catalogues. The most pernicious of these have a small displacement between true and false redshift such that the interloper positions are correlated with the target galaxies. We consider how to correct for such contaminants, focusing on Hβ interlopers in [Oiii] catalogues as will be observed by Roman, which are misplaced by Δd = 97 h
-1 Mpc at redshift z = 1. Because this displacement is close to the BAO scale, the peak in the interloper-target galaxy cross-correlation function at the displacement scale can change the shape of the BAO peak in the auto-correlation of the contaminated catalogue, and lead to incorrect cosmological measurements if not accounted for properly. We consider how to build a model for the monopole and quadrupole moments of the contaminated correlation function, including an additional free parameter for the fraction of interlopers. The key input to this model is the cross-correlation between the population of galaxies forming the interlopers and the main target sample. It will be important to either estimate this using calibration data or to use the contaminated small-scale auto-correlation function to model it, which may be possible if a number of requirements about the galaxy populations are met. We find that this method is successful in measuring the BAO dilation parameters without significant degradation in accuracy, provided the cross-correlation function is accurately known.
From meniscus formation to accelerated H− beam: coupling of 3D-PIC and ion-optics simulations
Authors: Lindqvist Max , den Harder Niek , Revel Adrien , Mochalskyy Serhiy , Mimo Alessandro , Nocentini Riccardo , Minea Tiberiu , Fantz Ursel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The ITER NBI is based on negative hydrogen ions extracted from caesiated ion sources. The 3D particle-in-cell Monte Carlo collision code Orsay negative ion extraction (ONIX) models the beamlet formation of negative ions in such sources where surface production plays an important role. A coupling scheme between ONIX and the ion-optics code ion beam simulator (IBSimu) has been developed and compared to other particle simulation approaches. This extends the computational domain such that the complete grid system can be included while only marginally increasing the computational cost. The properties of the accelerated ONIX beamlet are studied and compared to standalone IBSimu calculations, which are based on a simplified plasma model. The comparison provides insight about the effect of approximations made in ion-optics codes, which were also used to design the ITER NBI grid systems. ONIX volume and surface produced negative ions have a different angular distribution in the accelerated beamlet. The ONIX volume produced particles have a similar core divergence compared to standalone IBSimu calculations, but there is more halo in the IBSimu angular distribution. In the ONIX simulations, a Debye sheath is formed between the plasma and the grid, which repels negatively charged particles. The sheath decreases the extracted current density at the edge of the aperture for volume produced ions. Contrarily, surface produced particles are directly extracted near the edge of the aperture. Particles extracted near the edge of the aperture are highly divergent at the end of the grid system, independent of their initial angle. To summarize, the presence of the plasma sheath around the apertures in the plasma grid as calculated by ONIX decreases the halo from volume produced particles compared to standalone IBSimu.
Evaluation of the reduction of seismic loads effect in tall buildings through their geometric configuration in plan
Authors: Aguilar Leonardo Ronald Alexander 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The research aimed to evaluate the effect of seismic loads on tall buildings through four geometric shapes: square, circle, equilateral triangle, and regular hexagon, around X and Y axis, in three evaluation stages of structural regularity condition and system adopted and three verification phases regarding the story drift limit according to E.030 Peruvian standard. Modelling was conducted in ETABS® v.16.2.1, with reinforced concrete of f’c = 280 kg/cm2 and fy = 4200 kg/cm2, in a minimum area of 400 m2 for ten levels plus a roof terrace with 3.20 m typical story height and with a box for two elevators and integrated stairs located in the centroid of each figure. The spectral modal dynamic seismic analysis was applied with parameters of zone 3, intermediate soil, common use, C value according to pseudo accelerations spectrum and rigid frames/structural walls. Among the figures studied, square one allowed the greatest reduction of seismic loads effect (Wseismic = 4296.8270 ton, Tfundamental = 1.077 s, most decoupled main modal matrix, Ia = Ip = 1 in X and Y, DIX ≈ DIY and SFX ≈ SFY), equilateral triangular one originated the most critical structural irregularity (Ip = 0.75), circular one provided the greatest lateral stiffness (DIX = 0.00512 - DIY = 0.00508) and regular hexagonal one presented the highest and most effective structural stability (SFX = 5.318 - SFY = 4.749) when using structural walls (Ro = 6).