bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Bacopa monnieri (CDRI 08®) in a population of males exhibiting inattention and hyperactivity aged 6 to 14 years: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Kean James D. , Downey Luke A. , Sarris Jerome , Kaufman Jordy , Zangara Andrea , Stough Con 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe current study investigated the efficacy of extract of Bacopa monnieri (BM; CDRI 08®) in reducing levels of inattention and hyperactivity in young children. BM has demonstrated improvements in cognitive outcomes in adults, yet little research is available on its effects in younger populations. A 14‐week randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial, with placebo run‐in and run‐out phases, investigated the effects of BM on behavioural, cognitive, mood, and sleep effects in male children aged 6 to 14 years against placebo. One‐hundred and twelve participants were recruited into the trial, with 93 datasets available for analysis. No significant behavioural differences were noted between treatment groups. Cognitive outcomes indicated decreased error‐making in children taking CDRI 08® (p = .04) and increased speed of reaction time in those taking placebo (p = .04) at study end. Improvements in cognitive flexibility (p = .01), executive functioning (p = .04), interpersonal problems (p = .02), and sleep routine (p = .04) were noted in those consuming CDRI 08® over placebo. CDRI 08® did not improve behavioural outcomes, but may have cognitive, mood and sleep benefits in children aged 6 to 14 years. Further study is required to support the findings presented here.
Anthraquinone laxatives use and colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Lombardi Niccolò , Crescioli Giada , Maggini Valentina , Bellezza Raffaele , Landi Iacopo , Bettiol Alessandra , Menniti‐Ippolito Francesca , Ippoliti Ilaria , Mazzanti Gabriela , Vitalone Annabella , Gallo Eugenia , Sivelli Francesco , Sofi Francesco , Gensini Gian Franco , Vannacci Alfredo , Firenzuoli Fabio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted to determine the effects of anthraquinone (AQ) laxatives on colorectal cancer (CRC). We searched PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and CENTRAL from inception until March 2021, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. Through the systematic review, we identified 8 observational studies evaluating AQ laxatives use as a risk factor for CRC development, and 5 studies on CRC risk were included in the meta‐analysis using a random‐effects model. Through the meta‐analysis, we found that a history of AQ laxatives use compared with “other” and “no laxatives” use was associated with CRC development (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 0.94–2.11), although not at a statistically significant level. The possible association persists even after removal of the outlier studies (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 0.97–2.34). Selection of cases and controls was judged at low or unclear risk of bias across almost all studies, and the quality of evidence was from moderate to low. In conclusion, it is not possible to associate the use of AQ laxatives with the development of CRC. However, the trend toward an increased risk of CRC provides a strong indication for investigating this issue by performing further high‐quality studies.
Integrating mixture experiments and six sigma methodology to improve fibre‐reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Larsson Turtola Simon , Rönnbäck Adam , Vanhatalo Erik 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article illustrates a Six Sigma project aimed at reducing manufacturing‐induced visual deviations for fibre‐reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. For a European composites manufacturer, such visual deviations lead to scrapping of cylindrical composite bodies and subsequent environmental impact. The composite bodies are manufactured through vacuum infusion, where a resin mixture impregnates a fibreglass preform and cures, transforming from liquid to solid state. We illustrate the define‐measure‐analyse‐improve‐control (DMAIC) steps of the Six Sigma project. Specific emphasis is placed on the measure and analyse steps featuring a 36‐run computer‐generated mixture experiment with six resin mixture components and six responses. Experimental analysis establishes causal relationships between mixture components and correlated resin characteristics, which can be used to control resin characteristics. Two new resin mixtures were developed and tested in the improve step using the understanding developed in previous steps. Manufacturing‐induced visual deviations were greatly reduced by adjusting the resin mixture to induce a slower curing process. Further refinement of the mixture was made in the control step. A production scrap rate of 5% due to visual deviations was measured during a monitoring period of 5 months after the resin mixture change. The scrap rate was substantially improved compared to the historical level (60%). The successful experimental investigation integrated in this Six Sigma project is expected to generate increased quality, competitiveness, and substantial savings.
Robust backstepping non‐smooth practical tracking for nonlinear systems with mismatched uncertainties
Authors: Yang Wenlong , Shi Zongying , Zhong Yisheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the robust finite‐time output tracking control problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems subject to mismatched uncertainties and external disturbances. The nonlinear systems with nonstrict‐feedback form are considered, which possess unknown control coefficients and uncertainties bounded by nonnegative convex functions. Based on signal compensation theory and backstepping methodology, a new robust finite‐time controller is proposed, which incorporates a non‐smooth time‐invariant controller to achieve finite‐time convergence property and a robust compensator introduced to restrain the influences of uncertainties. With the help of finite‐time Lyapunov theorem, the robust finite‐time tracking performance of the closed‐loop system is proved. Finally, two simulation examples are given to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.
Synthesis, Characterization and Optical Properties of Oxidized Poly Vinyl Alcohol
Authors: Charradi Khaled , Daoudi Mahmoud , Chemek Mourad , Ahmed zakarya , Alzahrani Abdullah Y. A. , Siai Amira , Chtourou Radhouane , Keshk Sherif M. A. S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPoly (viny1 alcohol) (PVA) was partially oxidized by alkaline KMnO4 with an average carbonyl percentage of 65 %. PVA's photo physicochemical properties before and after the oxidation (OPVA) were investigated. The FTIR spectrum of OPVA revealed a new band at 1645 cm−1, corresponding to the carbonyl group and the XRD pattern reflecting an increase in the degree of crystallinity. Unlike pristine PVA, the UV‐vis absorption spectra displayed the most attractive results through OPVA absorption in UV and visible regions. Furthermore, the photoluminescence spectra of PVA membrane exhibited a narrow emission at 338 nm, whereas the OPVA membrane showed blue emission at 415 nm. The proton conductivity increased from 1.5 mScm−1 in PVA to 11.1 mScm−1 in OPVA at 70 °C. Thus, the presence of both hydroxyl and carbonyl groups in OPVA results in the formation of strong hydrogen bonding that facilitate proton transfers along the hydrogen‐bond network.
New Sulfur‐Containing Ferrocenylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridines: Multiresponsive Hg2+ Ion Sensing and Structure‐Sensing Correlation
Authors: Zhang Baoyuan , Suo Quanling , Li Qiannan , Zhu Yanqi , Gao Xuechuan , Lv Li , Gao Yuanyuan , Jia Huijie , Wang Yaqi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTwo new sulfur‐containing ferrocenylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridines, 2‐ferrocenyl‐5‐(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐1H‐imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine (L1) and 2‐ferrocenyl‐5‐(thiophen‐3‐yl)‐1H‐imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine (L2), were synthesized and characterized. L1 and L2 behaved as highly selective fluorescent “turn‐off”, redox (ΔE1/2=0.25 V for L1 and ΔE1/2=0.22 V for L2) and UV active receptors for Hg2+ ions through the formation of the corresponding 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 (receptor:metal ion) complexes, with detection limits 4.47×10−8 M and 2.21×10−7 M, respectively. Furthermore, the quenched fluorescence of L1 was recovered on iodide ion addition. The sensing mechanism study suggested that although the imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine is the main coordination unit providing N, N binding sites, the added thienyls have improved the fluorescence emission and Hg2+ sensing selectivity of L1 and L2, and obviously influenced the coordination mode. Finally, living cell imaging and test strip experiments demonstrated the potential application of L1 in fluorescent visualization of Hg2+ ions in biological and environmental systems.
Relationships of the Degree of C=C Double Bond Conversion with the Dielectric Properties for SiO2/1,2‐PB/SBS/EPDM Composites Cured by Organic Peroxide
Authors: Wu Nan , Wu Bo , Xu Yi , Tang Xianzhong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPolymer materials with low dielectric constant and dielectric loss play an indispensable role in high speed and stable signal transmission of electronic components. In this work, the SiO2/ 1,2‐polybutadiene/ styrene‐butadiene‐styrene triblock copolymer/ ethylene‐propylene‐diene terpolymer (SiO2/1,2‐PB/SBS/EPDM) composites were prepared with different content of organic peroxide (bis (1‐(tert‐butyl peroxide)‐1‐methyl ethyl)‐benzene, BIPB). A high degree of crosslinking reaction may occur during the curing process. Attenuation total reflectance Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry (ATR‐FTIR) analysis showed that the degree of C=C conversion (DC) increased with the increase of BIPB content, and the dielectric constant of the composites was reduced. However, the dielectric loss decreased initially and subsequently increased. The excess initiators transform into impurities and increase the polarization and conductivity, resulting in a larger dielectric loss value of the composite. The combined results show that the DC value of 92.76 %, the dielectric constant of 3.37 and the dielectric loss of 0.0028 were obtained for the SiO2/1,2‐PB/SBS/EPDM composites containing 3 part‐by‐weight (pbw) BIPB. Furthermore, the composite had good thermal stability and superior mechanical properties.
Structural, Thermal, Mechanical, and Physicochemical Properties of Corn Starch and Tremella fuciformis Polysaccharide Based Composite Films
Authors: Fu Zong‐qiang , Guo Shao‐xiang , Wang Xue‐ying , Huang Zhi‐gang , Bi Chong‐hao , Li Fei‐fei , Wu Min 
Published: January 2022

AbstractComposite films are prepared using corn starch and Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide (TFP) at different ratios (4:0, 3:1, 2:2, 1:3, 0:4, corn starch:TFP). The morphology, thermal properties, water resistance properties, opacity, and mechanical properties are investigated to evaluate the performance of composite films. The film surface becomes smooth with the increase in TFP proportion. The retrogradation enthalpy of corn starch is decreased from 2.60 to 1.10 J g−1 starch by the presence of TFP. The moisture content of films does not change with TFP ratio. The water vapor transmission and solubility increase significantly with the increasing TFP ratio. Moreover, the solubility of the pure TFP film is 100%. The transparency and surface hydrophobicity of films are improved with the increase in TFP ratio. The increase in TFP ratio decreases the tensile strength and glass transition temperature of films, while the elongation at break increases from 33.12% to 141.96%. In conclusion, composite films obtained from corn starch and TFP have the potential to be used as food packaging films. However, the ratio of corn starch and TFP should be more than 2:2 to ensure thermal stability of the composite film.
Experimental and numerical studies of axially loaded square concrete‐encased concrete‐filled large‐diameter steel tubular short columns
Authors: Ci Junchang , Kong Lingxu , Ahmed Mizan , Liang Qing Quan , Hamoda Ahmed , Chen Shicai , Wu Chunyu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article presents experimental and numerical studies on the axial compressive behavior of square concrete‐encased concrete‐filled steel tubular (CECFST) short columns composed of a circular inner steel tube. Tests on six full‐scale short CECFST columns with the inner circular tube diameter varying from 320 to 500 mm were carried out to study the influences of sectional diameter and the tube thickness of circular CFST columns on their axial performance. A theoretical model is developed using fiber analysis method and validated against a large test database. The accuracy of various codified design models is evaluated and a simple model is proposed to calculate their ultimate strengths. Test results show that CECFST columns have improved load carrying capacity and can sustain large axial loads without significant strength degradation. In addition, increasing the thickness of the steel tube significantly improves the composite action of the steel and concrete of the inner CFST column, which increases the compressive strength of CECFST columns by 27.3%. However, the rate of increase in the compressive strength of the core concrete of the CFST column has been found to be higher for the column with a smaller local slenderness ratio. The ductility of CECFST columns is influenced by the concrete strength and the spacing of the stirrups. Furthermore, the design model suggested in this study can provide a better estimation than the codified design models.
Diagnostic yield of exome sequencing in fetuses with multisystem malformations: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pauta M. , Martinez‐Portilla R. J. , Borrell A. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine the diagnostic yield of exome sequencing (ES) above that of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) or karyotyping in fetuses with multisystem structural anomalies (at least two major anomalies in different anatomical systems).MethodThis was a systematic review conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Searching PubMed, Web of Knowledge and Cochrane database, we identified studies describing ES, whole‐genome and/or next‐generation sequencing in fetuses with multisystem malformations. Included were observational studies involving five or more eligible fetuses. A fetus was eligible for inclusion if it had at least two major anomalies of different anatomical systems and a negative CMA or karyotyping result. Only positive variants classified as likely pathogenic or pathogenic determined to be causative of the fetal phenotype were considered. A negative CMA or karyotype result was treated as the reference standard. The diagnostic yield of the primary outcome was calculated by single‐proportion analysis using random‐effects modeling. A subgroup analysis was performed to compare the diagnostic yield of the solo approach (fetus alone sequenced) with that of the trio approach (fetus and both parents sequenced).ResultsSeventeen articles with data on ES diagnostic yield, including 694 individuals with multisystem malformations, were identified. Overall, a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant potentially causative of the fetal phenotype was found in 213 fetuses, giving a 33% (95% CI, 27–40%) incremental yield of ES. A stratified analysis showed similar diagnostic yields of ES using the solo approach (30%; 95% CI, 11–52%) and the trio approach (35%; 95% CI, 26–44%).ConclusionsES applied in fetuses with multisystem structural anomalies was able to identify a potentially causative gene when CMA or karyotyping had failed to do so in an additional one‐third of cases. No differences were observed between the solo and trio approaches for ES. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
A comprehensive review on Arabic word sense disambiguation for natural language processing applications
Authors: Kaddoura Sanaa , D. Ahmed Rowanda , D. Jude Hemanth 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn communication, textual data are a vital attribute. In all languages, ambiguous or polysemous words' meaning changes depending on the context in which they are used. The ability to determine the ambiguous word's correct meaning is a Know‐distill challenging task in natural language processing (NLP). Word sense disambiguation (WSD) is an NLP process to analyze and determine the correct meaning of polysemous words in a text. WSD is a computational linguistics task that automatically identifies the polysemous word's set of senses. Based on the context some word comes into view, WSD recognizes and tags the word to its correct priori known meaning. Semitic languages like Arabic have even more significant challenges than other languages since Arabic lacks diacritics, standardization, and a massive shortage of available resources. Recently, many approaches and techniques have been suggested to solve word ambiguity dilemmas in many different ways and several languages. In this review paper, an extensive survey of research works is presented, seeking to solve Arabic word sense disambiguation with the existing AWSD datasets.This article is categorized under:
Algorithmic Development > Text Mining
Technologies > Machine Learning
Between Narrativity, Memory, and Administration: Lists in Roman Historiography
Authors: Stöckinger Martin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis contribution examines the function of lists in Roman historiography. It considers passages from Cicero’s rhetorical works (on the Annales Maximi), Tacitus’ Histories, the emperor Augustus’ Res Gestae, and Gregory of Tours’ Historia Francorum. The relationship of lists and narrativity is the central focus of the investigation. Moreover, it sheds light on the medium of writing that is crucial for the lists under consideration, the role of bureaucracy and administration, and the entanglement of list-keeping and political and religious power.
Geomatics for Terrain’s Deformation Monitoring: The H2020 LiquefACT Field Trial in Pieve di Cento, Italy
Authors: Casella Vittorio , Franzini Marica 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe paper presents a case study on the application of Geomatics to terrain’s deformation monitoring. Within the EU H2020 LiquefACT project, the Laboratory of Geomatics of the University of Pavia (Italy) was appointed to quantify the subsidence suffered by the terrain due to some trials conducted in the test site of Pieve di Cento, Northern Italy. Geomatics has long been used for deformation monitoring, but present paper deals with two peculiar elements: the constraints given by the test field, its layout, the allowed and forbidden actions, that forced the surveyors to elaborate an unconventional surveying design, and the use of a state-of-the-art instrument, the Trimble SX10. It mainly is a high-level topographic total station; being robotized, it has interesting laser scanning capabilities. In the paper, the survey design will be illustrated and discussed, and a selection of the obtained results will be presented. They highlight how much geomatics can be flexible and adaptable and, at the same time, precise and accurate.
A BIM-GIS Integrated Database to Support Planned Maintenance Activities of Historical Built Heritage
Authors: Colucci Elisabetta , Iacono Emmanuele , Matrone Francesca , Ventura Gianvito Marino 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPlanned maintenance represents a strategy to facilitate the conservation of architectural heritage, preventing invasive restoration activities. For this purpose, the management of a maintenance plan through the integration of BIM and GIS domains is here proposed. In particular, the first results of the Interreg Main.10.ance project are described, namely the definition of a unique spatial database divided into different Levels of Detail, compliant with geographical standards and user-friendly for the professionals involved. This integration is addressed through the use of Dynamo, which allows the dialogue between the BIM and GIS data in the PostgreSQL database.
Distinct Phyllosphere Microbiome of Wild Tomato Species in Central Peru upon Dysbiosis
Authors: Runge Paul , Ventura Freddy , Kemen Eric , Stam Remco 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPlants are colonized by myriads of microbes across kingdoms, which affect host development, fitness, and reproduction. Hence, plant microbiomes have been explored across a broad range of host species, including model organisms, crops, and trees under controlled and natural conditions. Tomato is one of the world’s most important vegetable crops; however, little is known about the microbiota of wild tomato species. To obtain insights into the tomato microbiota occurring in natural environments, we sampled epiphytic microbes from leaves of four tomato species, Solanum habrochaites, S. corneliomulleri, S. peruvianum, and S. pimpinellifolium, from two geographical locations within the Lima region of Peru over 2 consecutive years. Here, a high-throughput sequencing approach was applied to investigate microbial compositions including bacteria, fungi, and eukaryotes across tomato species and geographical locations. The phyllosphere microbiome composition varies between hosts and location. Yet, we identified persistent microbes across tomato species that form the tomato microbial core community. In addition, we phenotypically defined healthy and dysbiotic samples and performed a downstream analysis to reveal the impact on microbial community structures. To do so, we compared microbial diversities, unique OTUs, relative abundances of core taxa, and microbial hub taxa, as well as co-occurrence network characteristics in healthy and dysbiotic tomato leaves and found that dysbiosis affects the phyllosphere microbial composition in a host species-dependent manner. Yet, overall, the present data suggests an enrichment of plant-promoting microbial taxa in healthy leaves, whereas numerous microbial taxa containing plant pathogens occurred in dysbiotic leaves.Concluding, we identify the core phyllosphere microbiome of wild tomato species, and show that the overall phyllosphere microbiome can be impacted by sampling time point, geographical location, host genotype, and plant health. Future studies in these components will help understand the microbial contribution to plant health in natural systems and can be of use in cultivated tomatoes.