bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the multimorbidity network and its relationship with clinical phenotypes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: The GALAXIA study
Authors: Figueira‐Gonçalves Juan Marco , Golpe Rafael , Esteban Cristóbal , García‐Bello Miguel Ángel , Blanco‐Cid Nagore , Aramburu Amaia , García‐Talavera Ignacio , Martín‐Martínez María Dolores , Baeza‐Ruiz Adrian , Expósito‐Marrero Andrea 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex and heterogeneous condition, in which taking into consideration clinical phenotypes and multimorbidity is relevant to disease management. Network analysis, a procedure designed to study complex systems, allows to represent connections between the distinct features found in COPD.MethodsNetwork analysis was applied to a cohort of patients with COPD in order to explore the degree of connectivity between different diseases, taking into account the presence of two phenotypic traits commonly used to categorize patients in clinical practice: chronic bronchitis (CB+/CB−) and the history of previous severe exacerbations (Ex+/Ex−). The strength of association between diseases was quantified using the correlation coefficient Phi (ɸ).ResultsA total of 1726 patients were included, and 91 possible links between 14 diseases were established. Although the four phenotypically defined groups presented a similar underlying comorbidity pattern, with special relevance for cardiovascular diseases and/or risk factors, classifying patients according to the presence or absence of CB implied differences between groups in network density (mean ɸ: 0.098 in the CB− group and 0.050 in the CB+ group). In contrast, between‐group differences in network density were small and of questionable significance when classifying patients according to prior exacerbation history (mean ɸ: 0.082 among Ex− subjects and 0.072 in the Ex+ group). The degree of connectivity of any given disease with the rest of the network also varied depending on the selected phenotypic trait. The classification of patients according to the CB−/CB+ groups revealed significant differences between groups in the degree of conectivity between comorbidities. On the other side, grouping the patients according to the Ex−/Ex+ trait did not disclose differences in connectivity between network nodes (diseases).ConclusionsThe multimorbidity network of a patient with COPD differs according to the underlying clinical characteristics, suggesting that the connections linking comorbidities between them vary for different phenotypes and that the clinical heterogeneity of COPD could influence the expression of latent multimorbidity. Network analysis has the potential to delve into the interactions between COPD clinical traits and comorbidities and is a promising tool to investigate possible specific biological pathways that modulate multimorbidity patterns.
Unusual drug reaction with features of colchicine toxicity in a patient on colchicine and allopurinol
Authors: Salari Behzad , Joseph Mallory , Eshaq Milad , Lowe Lori , Fullen Douglas R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA 58‐year‐old woman was admitted for heart failure and concern for cardiogenic shock. The patient had been recently placed on colchicine and allopurinol, 4 months and 3 weeks, respectively, prior to admission. Upon admission, she had a cutaneous eruption that had started abruptly several days after allopurinol initiation. It included multiple erythematous papules with scant scale on the forearms and numerous erythematous papules on the legs. Because of the varied morphologic presentation, biopsies from both the thigh and forearm were performed for a suspected drug reaction. The specimen from the thigh showed a superficial‐dermal, band‐like lymphocytic infiltrate with dyskeratosis and numerous intraepidermal mitotic figures predominantly in metaphase. In addition, there were neutrophils with leukocytoclasia. The specimen from the forearm showed superficial perivascular lymphocytic inflammation and intraepidermal dyskeratosis with mitotic figures similar to the thigh biopsy specimen but without a dermal neutrophilic infiltrate. An unusual drug eruption with features of colchicine toxicity was favored. Colchicine toxicity is not a commonly encountered clinical scenario and cutaneous findings have only rarely been described. Herein we report an exceedingly rare case of an unusual drug reaction with “colchicine figures” (i.e., ring‐shaped mitotic figures arrested in metaphase) consistent with colchicine toxicity.
Staring at Signs: Biology Undergraduates Pay Attention to Signs More Often than Animals at the Zoo
Authors: Heim Ashley B. , Holt Emily A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFree‐choice learning in zoos is often linked to attention, though little is known about what objects undergraduates pay attention to during such experiences. Eye‐tracking equipment can provide measures of behavioral data that visitor observations are not able to capture. Thus, we asked: (1) What aspects of a zoo exhibit do biology undergraduates pay attention to? and (2) Does eye‐tracking behavior differ between introductory and advanced biology students at a single zoo exhibit? While freely exploring a Komodo dragon exhibit during a zoo trip, participating undergraduates wore a pair of eye‐tracking glasses, which recorded gaze and fixations on objects, among other variables. We conducted this qualitative case study with students in three biology courses at one institution at a single zoo exhibit, and thus do not attempt to generalize our findings to general zoo visitors. We found that interpretative signs were the primary focus of attention among our sample of biology undergraduates, and that novice and expert‐like undergraduates sometimes demonstrated different behavioral patterns in what they paid attention to at the zoo. Interestingly, neither novice nor expert‐like students focused more on the Komodo dragon in comparison to other areas of interest in the exhibit.
When is tamponade not an echocardiographic diagnosis… Or is it ever?
Authors: Dragoi Laura , Teijeiro‐Paradis Ricardo , Douflé Ghislaine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough cardiac tamponade remains a clinical diagnosis, echocardiography is an essential tool to detect fluid in the pericardial space. Interpretation of echocardiographic findings and assessment of physiologic and hemodynamic consequences of a pericardial effusion require a thorough understanding of pathophysiologic processes. Certain echocardiographic signs point toward the presence of cardiac tamponade: a dilated inferior vena cava (IVC), collapse of the cardiac chambers, an inspiratory bulge of the interventricular septum into the left ventricle (LV) (the “septal bounce”), and characteristic respiratory variations of Doppler flow velocity recordings. However, in certain circumstances (e.g., mechanical ventilation, post‐surgical patients, and pulmonary hypertension), these echocardiographic signs can be missing, despite the presence of clinical tamponade. Failure to recognize a potentially life‐threatening clinical condition due to the absence of corresponding echocardiographic findings can delay both diagnosis and life‐saving treatment. Thus, in the context of critical care, echocardiography should only be used to confirm the presence of pericardial fluid or localized hematoma, and the diagnosis of tamponade should rely on clinical criteria.
Spontaneous bilateral superficial digital flexor tendon rupture in a horse with guttural pouch empyema and suspected purpura hemorrhagica
Authors: MacKinnon Kimberly J. , Tan Jean‐Yin , Schaal Suzon W. , Davies Jennifer L. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryCase historyAn 11‐year‐old Quarter Horse gelding was evaluated for urticaria, generalised discomfort, distal limb oedema, spontaneous dropped fetlocks, and progressive hindlimb lameness. Prior infection status with Streptococcus equi subspecies equi was unknown.Clinical findingsThe horse had bilateral hindlimb oedema, generalised wheals, progressive hindlimb lameness, and dropped fetlocks of the right and left hindlimbs. The horse was intermittently pyrexic and was ultimately subjected to euthanasia due to deteriorating clinical status.DiagnosisSuspected purpura hemorrhagica associated with leukocytoclastic vasculitis of the superficial digital flexor tendons and spontaneous tendon rupture.Treatment and outcomeThe horse was treated with a combination of antibiotic therapy (enrofloxacin and penicillin), nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (phenylbutazone) and corticosteroids (dexamethasone), with no improvement in clinical status. The horse was subjected to euthanasia due to poor prognosis and unfavourable response to therapy. Post‐mortem examination revealed unilateral guttural pouch empyema, multifocal cutaneous infarction and bilateral rupture of the superficial digital flexor tendons. Streptococcus equi subspecies equi was isolated in pure culture from the guttural pouch. Microscopically, leukocytoclastic vasculitis typical of purpura hemorrhagica was documented in the skin. Unexpectedly, similar vasculitis was also observed in the superficial digital flexor tendons.Clinical relevanceThis report documents the first equine case of suspected purpura hemorrhagica associated with leukocytoclastic vasculitis of the superficial digital flexor tendons and spontaneous tendon rupture. Spontaneous tendon rupture should be considered a potential sequela to infection with Streptococcus equi subspecies equi in horses due to immune‐mediated vasculitis.
Supply chain benefit distribution and economic sustainable development by Shapley model in smart city
Authors: Xu Ziyu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the rapid development of the Internet of Things, the Internet, and artificial intelligence, people's consumption patterns have undergone major changes. Consumers' consumption channels are no longer monolithic. A new retail model was born. Additionally, how to improve the revenue of the new retail supply chain and the scientific and reasonable distribution of revenue is particularly important. On this background, the concept of new retail is defined, and the principle of supply chain synergy is analysed. Stackelberg game is used to analyse and determine the optimal selling and wholesale prices of retailers and suppliers in the supply chain. The defects of the traditional supply chain model and the necessity of optimization are further analysed and demonstrated. Because of the traditional retail supply chain, new retail channels are introduced, and the second‐order supply chain is established. New retail channels are added to the supply chain, and the profitability before and after the addition is analysed. Stackelberg game and Shapley value method are used for modelling. Finally, Matlab is used for numerical analysis. The results show that adding new retail channels to the traditional supply chain dominated by suppliers will increase the market share of products. The market share f is positively correlated with the profits of suppliers and retailers. Under the multi‐channel retail model, product demand and supply chain profits are higher than a single channel. The Shapley value method can enable supply chain members to obtain corresponding benefits on their input, thereby achieving a win–win situation for retail supply chain members.
Extinction risk, reconstructed catches and management of chondrichthyan fishes in the Western Central Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Talwar Brendan S. , Anderson Brooke , Avalos‐Castillo Cristopher G. , del Pilar Blanco‐Parra María , Briones Alejandra , Cardeñosa Diego , Carlson John K. , Charvet Patricia , Cotton Charles F. , Crysler Zoe , Derrick Danielle H. , Heithaus Michael R. , Herman Katelyn B. , Koubrak Olga , Kulka David W. , Kyne Peter M. , Lasso‐Alcalá Oscar M. , Mejía‐Falla Paola A. , Morales‐Saldaña Jorge Manuel , Naranjo‐Elizondo Beatriz , Navia Andrés F. , Pacoureau Nathan , Peréz‐Jiménez Juan C. , Pollom Riley A. , Rigby Cassandra L. , Schneider Eric V. C. , Simpson Nikola , Dulvy Nicholas K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractChondrichthyan fishes are among the most threatened vertebrates on the planet because many species have slow life histories that are outpaced by intense fishing. The Western Central Atlantic Ocean, which includes the Greater Caribbean, is a hotspot of chondrichthyan biodiversity and abundance, but has been characterized by extensive shark and ray fisheries and a lack of sufficient data for effective management and conservation. To inform future research and management decisions, we analysed patterns in chondrichthyan extinction risk, reconstructed catches and management engagement in this region. We summarized the extinction risk of 180 sharks, rays and chimaeras, including 66 endemic and 14 near‐endemic species, using contemporary IUCN Red List assessments. Over one‐third (35.6%) were assessed as Vulnerable, Endangered or Critically Endangered, primarily due to overfishing. Reconstructed catches from 1950 to 2016 peaked in 1992, then declined by 40.2% thereafter. The United States, Venezuela and Mexico were responsible for most catches in the region and hosted the largest proportions of the regional distributions of threatened species, largely due to having extensive coastal habitats in their Exclusive Economic Zones. The quantity and taxonomic resolution of fisheries landings data were poor in much of the region, and national‐level regulations varied widely across jurisdictions. Deepwater fisheries represent an emerging threat, although many deepwater chondrichthyans currently have refuge beyond the depths of most fisheries. Regional collaboration as well as effective and enforceable management informed by more complete fisheries data, particularly from small‐scale fisheries, are required to protect and recover threatened species and ensure sustainable fisheries.
Frozen in custody battles: Thawing out a uniform solution for the disposition of frozen embryos at the time of divorce
Authors: DeFilippis Jaime 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCurrently, the United States lacks uniform legislation addressing the disposition of frozen embryos in the event of a divorce, leading state courts to grapple with the issue of who should receive custody of the embryos; even when couples have stated advanced directives. Many state courts have strictly enforced these contracts, without considering the individual's significant change of circumstances. In neglecting these changes, courts often prevent an individual from creating a family. This Note proposes that courts consider the individual's significant change of circumstances regarding infertility so infertile individuals will have the ability to start a family.
A Resist‐Accept‐Direct (RAD) future for Salmon in Maine and California: Salmon at the southern edge
Authors: Kocik John F. , Hayes Sean A. , Carlson Stephanie M. , Cluer Brian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNorth American salmon once ranged from ocean waters near the Arctic Circle southward to southern New England on the Atlantic and Mexico on the Pacific. The colonial and industrial transformation of rivers and oceans have led to extirpation or endangered status of many southern populations. Today, chronic anthropogenic stressors interact with climate change, which means that effective conservation must address changes in transformed ecosystems. Conservation goals are designed to recover both the species and their habitats. While seemingly congruent, habitat and fish management have different timetables due to speed of changes in climate, habitat, and biological processes relative to regulatory processes, habitat restoration, and project implementation. The Resist‐Accept‐Direct (RAD) framework facilitated exploration of ideas and actions to restore suitable conditions for salmon listed under the Endangered Species Act at their southern edge. Creative and big solutions are needed to recover salmon and RAD provided a way to examine conservation options to sustain salmon in an era of change.
Abnormal whisker movements in the 3xTg‐AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Simanaviciute Ugne , Brown Richard E. , Wong Aimee , Fertan Emre , Grant Robyn A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlzheimer's disease is the most frequent form of dementia in elderly people. The triple transgenic (3xTg‐AD) mouse model of Alzheimer's Disease is important in biomedical research as these mice develop both neuropathological and behavioural phenotypes. However, their behavioural phenotype is variable, with findings depending on the specific task, as well as the age and sex of the mice. Whisker movements show motor, sensory and cognitive deficits in mouse models of neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, we examined whisker movements in 3, 12.5 and 17‐month‐old female 3xTg‐AD mice and their B6129S/F2 wildtype controls. Mice were filmed using a high‐speed video camera (500 fps) in an open arena during a novel object exploration task. Genotype and age differences were found in mice exploring the arena prior to object contact. Prior to whisker contact, the 3‐month‐old 3xTg‐AD mice had smaller whisker angles compared with the wildtype controls, suggesting an early motor phenotype in these mice. Pre‐contact mean angular position at 3 months and whisking amplitude at 17 months of age differed between the 3xTg‐AD and wildtype mice. During object contact 3xTg‐AD mice did not reduce whisker spread as frequently as the wildtype mice at 12.5 and 17 months, which may suggest sensory or attentional deficits. We show that whisker movements are a powerful behavioural measurement tool for capturing behavioural deficits in mouse models that show complex phenotypes, such as the 3xTg‐AD mouse model.
GENIE UND KLASSE: ROBERT BURNS UND DIE WIENER SOZIALDEMOKRATIE UM 1900
Authors: Keckeis Paul 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTRetrospective accounts of the life and works of Robert Burns offer us examples of how ‘genius’ functioned in the nineteenth century, not only as a concept of inspired, natural authorship but also as a way of establishing and stabilising class identity and belonging. This is particularly illuminating in Burns’ case as he was writing at a time when the working class (E. P. Thompson) was constituting itself – he and his poetry played an active part in this process of becoming self‐aware. The article analyses Burns and Burns’ reception against a background of the conflicting views on literature held within the social democrat movement in the late nineteenth century, as exemplified by the Viennese Arbeiter‐Zeitung, which became a daily paper in 1895. Josef Strasser, an important contributor at this time, defined ‘genius’ in terms of its mass valency, as a class phenomenon, inverting Schopenhauer's opposition between ‘Genie’ and ‘Herdentier’. In the course of the institutionalisation of the workers’ movement and contrary to the dominant variant of the term, genius thus proves to be a deliberate effort against the threatening assimilation of proletarian culture and the bourgeoisie.Die Rezeption des Lebens und der Werke von Robert Burns gibt ein Beispiel davon, dass ‘Genie’ im 19. Jahrhundert nicht nur ein Konzept inspirierter, natürlicher Autorschaft repräsentiert, sondern auch eine Möglichkeit darstellt, Klassenidentität und Zugehörigkeit zu etablieren und zu stabilisieren. Burns ist im Zusammenhang dieser konkurrierenden Geniebegriffe ein besonders aufschlussreicher Fall; er schrieb zu einer Zeit, in der sich die Arbeiterklasse (E. P. Thompson) erst konstituierte und hatte mit seiner Dichtung aktiv an diesem Prozess der Selbstbewusstwerdung teil. Der Artikel analysiert Burns und die Burns‐Rezeption vor dem Hintergrund der kontroversen Auffassungen über Literatur innerhalb der sozialdemokratischen Bewegung im späten 19. Jahrhundert, wie sie am Beispiel der Wiener Arbeiter‐Zeitung, die 1895 zur Tageszeitung wurde, deutlich wird. Josef Strasser, ein Vertreter des radikalen Flügels innerhalb der Sozialdemokratie und ein wichtiger Mitarbeiter der Zeitung, definiert ‘Genie’ im Sinne seiner Massenvalenz als ein Klassenphänomen und kehrt damit Schopenhauers Gegensatz zwischen ‘Genie’ und ‘Herdentier’ um. Anders als in der zeitgenössisch dominanten individualistischen Variante des Begriffs erweist sich Genie so als Einsatz gegen die im Zuge der Institutionalisierung der Arbeiterbewegung drohende Assimilation proletarischer Kultur an die Bourgeoisie.
Hybrid gender colonization: The case of muxes
Authors: Ramirez Jacobo , Munar Ana María 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study explores what can be learned from listening to and engaging deeply with muxes, the third gender of Mexico's indigenous Zapotec community. We examine indigenous peoples' forms of gender organizing, work, and activism through extensive fieldwork in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in Oaxaca, Mexico and intellectual engagement with scholarship on gender, coloniality, and third space theory. The empirical case showcases how muxes organize and defend their gender identity vis‐à‐vis processes of colonization and hybridity. The findings reveal unique forms of indigenous knowledges, gender activism, and gender organizing and are categorized into six themes: language and subjectification; work, social structure, and sexuality; religion and myth; esthetics and beauty; work discrimination and gender‐based violence; and emancipation and queer activism. The analysis explains the possibility of becoming of different gender/ethnic identities and multiple hybrid representations of agency and repression. We critically examine novel insights on how indigenous gender organizing is paradoxically appreciated and revered while also inciting discrimination and violence. The empirical findings help us reconsider theoretical discourses of ongoing (de)coloniality and the third space of gender organizing.
Tunneled dialysis line‐associated hemorrhagic shock following self‐inflicted trauma in a hemodialysis patient: A case report
Authors: Bogdan Lucia , Malavade Tushar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractComplications of tunneled central venous catheters (CVCs) for hemodialysis are frequent, and most commonly include bacteremia, thrombosis, and stenosis. While bleeding is a relatively rare complication of dialysis lines overall, tunneled CVCs may present a unique bleeding risk given their ability to be displaced or damaged as patients have direct access to the equipment in place. Here, we describe the case of a 68‐year‐old man with end‐stage renal disease and neurocognitive disorder, who developed hemorrhagic shock following self‐inflicted laceration of his tunneled dialysis catheter proximal to the Y. Examination of the catheter tunnel revealed that the cuff was palpable proximal to the exit site, but the opening was well retracted. In such cases, hemorrhage is particularly difficult to control because the cuff is rigid and poorly amenable to compression, in addition to being difficult to access. This case demonstrates the risk of significant hemorrhage when a tunneled CVC is damaged at this location and the potential need for the urgent removal of the retained component to prevent recurrence of bleeding. It also highlights important patient safety considerations given the risk of self‐inflicted trauma in patients with a neurocognitive disorder and a language barrier affecting communication.