bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors and prognosis of respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma in sinonasal cavities
Authors: Morishita Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Masayoshi , Uchida Katsunori , Takeuchi Kazuhiko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveRespiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH) is classified as a histopathologic diagnosis and often identified in sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The purpose of this study was to clarify the frequency and predictors of REAH and prognosis of CRS with REAH in CRS cases.MethodsIn the first study, we histologically reviewed sinonasal polyps and mucosal tissue specimens obtained from patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for CRS to reveal how many REAH were involved in ESS cases. We compared REAH and non‐REAH groups in terms of preoperative symptoms and endoscopic, imaging and blood examination findings to elucidate predictors of REAH genesis. In the second study, we compared the data 3 months after surgery such as endoscopic and imaging findings and olfactory test to evaluate prognosis of CRS with REAH.ResultsThe prevalence of REAH was 15.5% of all 304 cases in the first and second studies combined. Higher polyp score in the middle meatus was an independent predictor of the presence of REAH (p = .02). Presence of REAH was significantly associated with the enlargement of olfactory cleft polyps (p < .01), increasing postoperative scores of standard olfactory tests (p = .03), and decline of ratio of improvement (p < .01) measured using T&T olfactometry.ConclusionsHigher polyp score in the middle meatus is an independent predictor of REAH. Olfactory function is difficult to recover after surgery in REAH patients because it is associated with recurrent polyps in the olfactory cleft.
Streamwide Evaluation of Survival and Reproduction of MYY and Wild Brook Trout Populations
Authors: Armstrong Benjamin A. W. , Caldwell Colleen A. , Ruhl Michael E. , Bohling Justin H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis have been introduced across the western USA, where the species competes with and often replaces native salmonids. Nonnative Brook Trout are difficult to eradicate; thus, new removal strategies are needed. One novel methodology couples the partial suppression of wild Brook Trout with the replacement of MYY Brook Trout (males with two Y chromosomes). If MYY fish survive to reproduce with wild female Brook Trout, their progeny will be 100% male, which eventually shifts the sex ratio and theoretically extirpates the population. However, the effectiveness of this approach depends on survival and reproduction of MYY fish relative to the surviving wild conspecifics. From 2018 to 2020, we annually removed an estimated 45.7% of wild Brook Trout from three streams in New Mexico and stocked fingerling MYY Brook Trout (mean TL = 94 mm; range = 61–123 mm) targeting 50.0% of wild annual abundance estimates. Annual survival for MYY and wild Brook Trout was similar in Leandro Creek (MYY = 0.63 and wild = 0.63) and Rito de los Piños (MYY = 0.37 and wild = 0.46) but differed in Placer Creek (MYY = 0.28 and wild = 0.75). During spawning, we evaluated the reproductive potential of MYY Brook Trout by comparing the percentage of sexually mature male Brook Trout comprised of MYY fish to the percentage of hybrid (MYY × wild) F1 progeny. By the second spawning season (2019), MYY fish comprised 59.8, 50.4, and 34.5% of milt-producing Brook Trout, which resulted in 55.1, 33.3, and 0% hybrid progeny in Leandro Creek, Rito de los Piños, and Placer Creek, respectively. We demonstrated that MYY fish exhibit similar vital rates compared with wild conspecifics in two of three streams; however, differences among streams highlights unforeseen variables that influence MYY survival and reproduction. The study offers promising results of the MYY approach for potentially eradicating unwanted Brook Trout populations.
Effect of Bag Limits on Angler Harvest, Catch Rates, and Satisfaction at Put-and-Take Community Pond Fisheries
Authors: Chiaramonte Luciano V. , Meyer Kevin A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Community pond fisheries are valuable recreational resources for anglers because of their ease of access and often-regular stocking frequency. Effective management of these fisheries requires an understanding of how bag limits, stocking frequency, stocking density, and angler effort affect angler satisfaction and catch rates. We released tagged, catchable-sized Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and conducted creel surveys at Idaho ponds with either two- or six-trout daily bag limits (hereafter, “two-trout ponds” and “six-trout ponds”) to evaluate whether the bag limit affected catch rates between stocking events. Angler catch rates averaged 0.53 fish/h at two-trout ponds and 0.76 fish/h at six-trout ponds. Catch rates declined in the days after trout stocking but did so at similar rates in ponds with different bag limits. Catch rates were negatively affected by air temperatures throughout the study. Fifty-four percent of anglers reported being somewhat satisfied or very satisfied with their fishing experience at two-trout ponds compared to 64% of anglers at six-trout ponds. This measure of satisfaction was positively related to an individual's catch rates. Despite the threefold difference in daily bag limits, 57% of anglers harvested two or fewer fish at six-trout ponds. Angler-reported tags indicated that stocked trout remained at large longer (mean = 29 d) in two-trout ponds compared to six-trout ponds (mean = 17 d). Tag returns suggested that on average, total use (harvested trout plus caught-and-released trout) was much higher at six-trout ponds (57%) compared to two-trout ponds (34%). Although the recruitment potential and accessibility of community ponds are well known, our results suggest that catch-related outcomes of community pond management are a complex result of environmental factors, fisheries regulations, and fish stocking variables.
A three‐dimensional shape optimization for transient acoustic scattering problems using the time‐domain boundary element method
Authors: Takahashi Toru , Miyazawa Naoya , Tanigawa Masaki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe develop a three‐dimensional shape optimization (SO) framework for the wave equation with taking the unsteadiness into account. Resorting to the adjoint variable method, we derive the shape derivative (SD) with respect to a deformation (perturbation) of an arbitrary point on the target surface of acoustic scatterers. Successively, we represent the target surface with non‐uniform rational B‐spline patches and then discretize the SD in term of the associated control points (CPs), which are useful for manipulating a surface. To solve both the primary and adjoint problems, we apply the time‐domain boundary element method (TDBEM) because it is the most appropriate when the analysis domain is the ambient air and thus infinitely large. The issues of the severe computational cost and instability of the TDBEM are resolved by exploiting the fast and stable TDBEM proposed by the present authors. Instead, since the TDBEM is mesh‐based and employs the piecewise‐constant element for space, we introduce some approximations in evaluating the discretized SD from the two solutions of TDBEM. By regarding the evaluation scheme as the computation of the gradient of the objective functional, given as the summation of the absolute value of the sound pressure over the predefined observation points, we can solve SO problems with a gradient‐based non‐linear optimization solver. To assess the developed SO system, we performed several numerical experiments from the perspective of verification and application with satisfactory results.
Effects of a novel weight‐loss combination product containing orlistat and acarbose on obesity: A randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Holmbäck Ulf , Grudén Stefan , Litorp Helena , Willhems Daniel , Kuusk Sandra , Alderborn Göran , Söderhäll Arvid , Forslund Anders 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a novel, oral, modified‐release formulation of the lipase inhibitor orlistat and the glucosidase/amylase inhibitor acarbose (denoted EMP16) on relative body weight after 26 weeks compared with placebo.MethodsThe randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial had a 26‐week treatment period, with dose escalation up to 6 weeks. Participants, adults between ages 18 and 75 years, with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 or ≥28 kg/m2 with risk factors, were randomly assigned to EMP16 120‐mg orlistat/40‐mg acarbose (EMP16‐120/40), EMP16‐150/50, or placebo. The primary end point was relative weight loss from baseline to week 26 assessed in participants with at least one post‐baseline weight measurement.ResultsOf 156 randomized participants, 149 constituted the intention‐to‐treat population. The mean (95% CI) estimated treatment difference to placebo in relative weight loss after 26 weeks in the intention‐to‐treat population was −4.70% (−6.16% to −3.24%; p < 0.0001) with EMP16‐120/40 and −5.42% (−6.60% to −4.24%; p < 0.0001) with EMP16‐150/50.ConclusionsThis trial indicates that orlistat and acarbose can be successfully combined in a modified‐release formulation to provide efficacious weight loss with no unexpected safety issues. EMP16 may be a promising candidate among other medications for improved weight management.
Thermosensitive acetylated carboxymethyl chitosan gel depot systems sustained release caffeic acid phenethyl ester for periodontitis treatment
Authors: Peng Chengjun , Wang Guichun , Wang Yuxiao , Tang Maomao , Ma Xiaodong , Chang Xiangwei , Guo Jian , Gui Shuangying 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of tooth support tissues leading to progressive destruction of periodontal soft tissues as well as alveolar bone, and can be treated with anti‐inflammatory and bone‐protective agents to prevent disease progression. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a natural polyphenolic compound with anti‐inflammation, anti‐oxidation and bone tissue repair efficacy. In this work, we synthesized a thermosensitive hydrogel matrix of acetylated carboxymethyl chitosan (A‐CC), and firstly applied for periodontal local drug delivery. The biocompatible CAPE‐loaded A‐CC hydrogel (CAPE‐A‐CC) has the advantages of forming a drug depot in situ, sustained release and precisely improving the drug concentration in the lesion sites compared with traditional systemic administration. In addition, CAPE‐A‐CC could significantly inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐17 in macrophages, and increased the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSC) related to osteogenesis. This study develops a novel in situ thermosensitive hydrogel delivery system to improve the therapeutic potential of natural active ingredient for periodontitis therapy.
Empowerment and job satisfaction in university teachers: A theory of power in educational organizations
Authors: Borrego Yolanda , Orgambídez Alejandro , Mora‐Jaureguialde Begoña 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhile the importance of teacher job satisfaction is well documented, the processes and mechanisms by which educational institutions manage to influence the satisfactions of their members are not. Studies on the organizational elements associated with satisfaction have focused on isolated factors without the common umbrella of a consolidated theoretical model. Based on Kanter's theory of power in organizations, we aimed to analyze the mediator role of psychological empowerment between structural empowerment and job satisfaction in a sample of 267 university teachers in southern Spain. A cross‐sectional study was carried out, utilizing questionnaires for data collection and convenience sampling. Percentile confidence intervals, based on 5000 resamples, were calculated to test the mediation model. Results showed that a two‐way effect of structural empowerment on job satisfaction: a direct effect based on access to organizational resources of power and an indirect effect through the development of positive cognitions at work. Access to opportunities, resources, information, and support empower university teachers psychologically, fostering their intrinsic motivation and increasing their job satisfaction, key elements for teaching quality in higher education.
The role of math anxiety in the relationship between approximate number system and math performance in young children
Authors: Sarı Mehmet Hayri , Szczygieł Monika 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough interest in mathematics anxiety in young children (6–11 years) has increased recently, the results of previous studies on the role of mathematics anxiety in the relationship between number sense and math performance are inconsistent. The study's main objective was to establish whether math anxiety is a mediator or a moderator in the relationship between number line estimation (NLE) and mathematical outcomes. A cross‐sectional, correlational design was used. A total of 234 Turkish public primary school children (third and fourth graders) participated in the study. The following hypotheses were tested: (1) math anxiety mediates the relationship between the approximate number system (ANS) (an easier and more difficult task of ANS) and math performance (math achievement and arithmetic fluency); (2) math anxiety moderates the relationship between ANS (an easier and more difficult task of ANS) and math performance (math achievement and arithmetic fluency). The results mostly suggest no mediation effect of math anxiety between NLE and math performance in young children. The results also suggest that increases in difficulty level in NLE (increases of errors in NLE) is related to more anxiety regarding mathematics. Furthermore, moderation analyses indicated that the acuity of mental representation of numbers in high math‐anxious children is a key factor contributing to math performance. Developmental aspects of the obtained results are also discussed in the paper.
Plasma polymerization for biomedical applications: A review
Authors: Coad Bryan R. , Favia Pietro , Vasilev Krasimir , Griesser Hans J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPlasma polymers have long been of interest as thin film coatings on biomedical devices and products, to generate desirable surface properties for favorable bio‐interfacial interactions. Plasma polymers have also been used as platforms for the covalent immobilization of bioactive molecules. More recently, additional aspects have been investigated, such as selective prevention of adhesion of microbial pathogens, either via plasma polymers per se or including antimicrobial drugs. Plasma polymers have also been investigated for the release of silver ions and small organic molecules. Complementing low‐pressure plasma approaches, processes at atmospheric pressure have attracted interest recently, including for nano/biocomposite coatings. This contribution reviews the use of plasma polymers for intended biomedical applications, with a focus on more recent topic areas.
Understanding the helical stability of charged peptides
Authors: Singh Nitin Kumar , Agarwal Manish , Radhakrishna Mithun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCationic helical peptides play a crucial role in applications such as anti‐microbial and anticancer activity. The activity of these peptides directly correlates with their helicity. In this study, we have performed extensive all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations of 25 Lysine–Leucine co‐polypeptide sequences of varying charge density () and patterns. Our findings showed that, an increase in the charge density on the peptide leads to a gradual decrease in the helicity up to a critical charge density . Beyond , a complete helix to coil transition was observed. The decrease in the helicity is correlated with the increased number of water molecules in first solvation shell, solvent‐exposed surface area, and a higher value of the radius of gyration of the peptide.
Ligand Engineering and Recrystallization of Perovskite Quantum‐Dot Thin Film for Low‐Threshold Plasmonic Lattice Laser
Authors: Xing Di , Lin Cheng‐Chieh , Ho Ya‐Lun , Lee Yang‐Chun , Chen Mu‐Hsin , Lin Bo‐Wei , Chen Chun‐Wei , Delaunay Jean‐Jacques 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSolution‐process perovskite quantum dots (QDs) are promising materials to be utilized in photovoltaics and photonics with their superior optical properties. Advancements in top‐down nanofabrication for perovskite are thus important for practical photonic and plasmonic devices. However, different from the chemically synthesized nano/micro‐structures that show high quality and low surface roughness, the perovskite QD thin film prepared by spin‐coating or the drop‐casting process shows a large roughness and inhomogeneity. Low‐roughness and low‐optical loss perovskite QD thin film is highly desired for photonic and optoelectronic devices. Here, this work presents a pressure‐assisted ligand engineering/recrystallization process for high‐quality and well‐thickness controlled CsPbBr3 QD film and demonstrates a low‐threshold and single‐mode plasmonic lattice laser. A recrystallization process is proposed to prepare the QD film with a low roughness (RMS = 1.3 nm) and small thickness (100 nm). Due to the low scattering loss and strong interaction between gain media and plasmonic nanoparticles, a low lasing threshold of 16.9 µJ cm−2 is achieved. It is believed that this work is not only important to the plasmonic laser field but also provides a promising and general nanofabrication method of solution‐processed QDs for various photonic and plasmonic devices.
Suppressing Nickel Oxide/Perovskite Interface Redox Reaction and Defects for Highly Performed and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ahmad Sajjad , Ma Ruiman , Zheng Jiawei , Gary Kwok Cheuk Kai , Zhou Qisen , Ren Zhenwei , Kim Jinwook , He Xinjun , Zhang Xiaoliang , Yu Kin Man , Choy Wallace C. H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe inorganic hole transport layer of nickel oxide (NiOx) has shown highly efficient, low‐cost, and scalable in perovskite photovoltaics. However, redox reactions at the interface between NiOx and perovskites limit their commercialization. In this study, ABABr (4‐(2‐Aminoethyl) benzoic acid bromide) between the NiOx and different perovskite layers to address the issues has been introduced. How the ABABr interacts with NiOx and perovskites is experimentally and theoretically investigated. These results show that the ABABr molecule chemically reacts with the NiOx via electrostatic attraction on one side, whereas on the other side, it forms a strong hydrogen bond via the NH3+ group with perovskites layers, thus directly diminishing the redox reaction between the NiOx and perovskites layers and passivating the layer surfaces. Additionally, the ABABr interface modification leads to significant improvements in perovskite film morphology, crystallization, and band alignment. The perovskites solar cells (PSCs) based on an ABABr interface modification show power conversion efficiency (PCE) improvement by over 13% and maintain over 90% of its PCE after continuous operation at maximum power point for over 500 h. The work not only contributes to the development of novel interlayers for stable PSCs but also to the understanding of how to prevent interface redox reactions.
Metal/Non‐Metal Catalyzed Activation of Organic Nitriles
Authors: Das Suman , Maity Jyotirmoy , Panda Tarun K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNitrile activation is a prominent topic in recent developments in chemistry, especially in organic, inorganic, biological chemistry, as well as in the natural synthesis of products and in the pharmaceutical industry. The activation of nitriles using both metal and non‐metal precursors has attracted several researchers, who are exploring newer ways to synthesize novel compounds. Nitrile activation can be achieved by combining various catalytic double hydroelementation reactions, such as hydrosilylation, hydroboration, and hydrogenation of organonitriles using silanes, pinacolborane, and other sources of hydrogen. These methodologies have garnered considerable attention since they are effective in the reduction of organonitriles, whose end products are extensively applied in synthetic organic chemistry. In this review, we summarize the development of selective hydroborylation, hydrosilylation, dihydroborysilylation, and hydrogenation of organonitriles, as well as their reaction mechanisms and the role of metal complexes in the catalytic cycles. This review article explains various synthetic methodologies applied toward the reduction of organonitriles into corresponding amines.
Progressive disruption of neurodevelopment by mid‐gestation exposure to lipopolysaccharides and the ameliorating effect of continuous alpha‐glycosyl isoquercitrin treatment
Authors: Okano Hiromu , Takashima Kazumi , Takahashi Yasunori , Ojiro Ryota , Tang Qian , Ozawa Shunsuke , Zou Xinyu , Koyanagi Mihoko , Maronpot Robert R. , Yoshida Toshinori , Shibutani Makoto 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe investigated the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced maternal immune activation used as a model for producing neurodevelopmental disorders on hippocampal neurogenesis and behaviors in rat offspring by exploring the antioxidant effects of alpha‐glycosyl isoquercitrin (AGIQ). Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (50 μg/kg body weight) at gestational days 15 and 16. AGIQ was administered in the diet to dams at 0.5% (w/w) from gestational day 10 until weaning at postnatal day 21 and then to offspring until adulthood at postnatal day 77. During postnatal life, offspring of LPS‐injected animals did not show neuroinflammation or oxidative stress in the brain. At weaning, LPS decreased the numbers of type‐2b neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and PCNA+ proliferating cells in the subgranular zone, FOS‐expressing granule cells, and GAD67+ hilar interneurons in the dentate gyrus. In adulthood, LPS decreased type‐1 neural stem cells, type‐2a NPCs, and GAD67+ hilar interneurons, and downregulated Dpysl3, Sst, Fos, Mapk1, Mapk3, Grin2a, Grin2b, Bdnf, and Ntrk2. In adults, LPS suppressed locomotor activity in the open field test and suppressed fear memory acquisition and fear extinction learning in the contextual fear conditioning test. These results indicate that mid‐gestation LPS injections disrupt programming of normal neurodevelopment resulting in progressive suppression of hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity of newborn granule cells by suppressing GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmitter signals and BDNF/TrkB signaling to result in adult‐stage behavioral deficits. AGIQ ameliorated most aberrations in hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, as well as behavioral deficits. Effective amelioration by continuous AGIQ treatment starting before LPS injections may reflect both anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative stress effects during gestation and neuroprotective effects of continuous exposure through adulthood.