bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The associations between the clinical course of children with tracheostomy and their mothers' depression, burnout, burden, and self‐esteem
Authors: Gursoy Tugba Ramasli , Eyuboglu Tugba Sismanlar , Aslan Ayse Tana , Pekcan Sevgi , Buyukkaya Eda Zeynep , Hangul Melih , Kose Mehmet , Budakoglu Isıl Irem , Soysal Sebnem 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features of children with tracheostomy and the predictors of psychological status of their primary caregivers in order to determine the associations between the children's clinical course with their caregivers' psychological status.BackgroundThe caregivers of children with tracheostomy are responsible for providing basic tracheostomy care at home. All these responsibilities may be associated with significant changes in family members' lifestyles, daily routines and family dynamics.DesignThis study is a cross sectional study.MethodsData of the family's socioeconomic status and clinical status of children with tracheostomy were noted in four paediatric pulmonology centers. The Beck Depression Inventory, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale, and Rosenberg Self‐esteem Scale were used for psychological measurements of the caregivers. The STROBE checklist was used for this study.ResultsEighty‐five children and their primary caregivers were enrolled in the study. The children's median age was 4.1 years. Thirty‐eight of them were dependent on home ventilators. Twenty‐one had bacterial colonisation. All children's primary caregivers were their mothers. Beck Depression Inventory scores of mothers of children with colonisation were higher. Number of hospitalizations in previous 6 months was related to mothers' emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores. Duration of children's hospitalizations in previous 6 months was positively correlated to mothers' emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and Beck Depression Inventory scores.ConclusionsMothers of children with tracheostomy may experience psychological conditions, such as high levels of depression, burnout, burden and low levels of self‐esteem. Frequent and long‐term hospitalizations of children correlated with mother's depression and burnout. Therefore, primary caregivers should be evaluated and supported psychologically.Relevance to Clinical PracticePreventing mothers of children with tracheostomy from experiencing psychological conditions such as depression, burnout, burden and low self‐esteem can also increase the quality of care for children.
Withholding self‐employed and business incomes: An application to Italian firms
Authors: Marino Maria Rosaria , Pollastri Corrado , Zanardi Alberto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe paper proposes the application of a generalised withholding tax scheme to business‐to‐business transactions, in order to combat the evasion of income‐related taxes levied on self‐employed workers and businesses, as an alternative to the standard regime based on self‐reporting. The scheme proposed here is comprehensive in scope, since it applies to all B2B transactions involving the self‐employed and businesses, and can be regarded as an extension of the withholding tax regimes which are currently applied to specific sectors and/or business categories and self‐employed taxpayers in some countries. We argue, even on the basis of a simple conceptual framework, that the benefit of extending such a withholding mechanism to profit taxes is twofold. On the one hand, consisting of an advance payment on the effective profit tax liability, it contributes to curbing tax evasion due to non‐payment in a system characterised by a standard self‐reporting mechanism. On the other hand, and more importantly, the withholding system—retaining information about each transaction subjected to it—enhances third‐party information reporting if the withholding tax is applied to transactions that are otherwise excluded. This paper offers details on operational aspects of the proposed withholding tax mechanism. In particular, a critical issue in implementing the withholding regime lies in the choice of the tax rate, and more specifically in setting a level that is effective in reducing tax evasion without generating excessive tax refunds. This issue is discussed by applying the withholding mechanism to balance sheet microdata of all non‐financial Italian companies.
The integration host factor regulates multiple virulence pathways in bacterial pathogen Dickeya zeae MS2
Authors: Chen Shanshan , Hu Ming , Hu Anqun , Xue Yang , Wang Si , Liu Fan , Li Chuhao , Zhou Xiaofan , Zhou Jianuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDickeya zeae is an aggressive bacterial phytopathogen that infects a wide range of host plants. It has been reported that integration host factor (IHF), a nucleoid‐associated protein consisting of IHFα and IHFβ subunits, regulates gene expression by influencing nucleoid structure and DNA bending. To define the role of IHF in the pathogenesis of D. zeae MS2, we deleted either and both of the IHF subunit encoding genes ihfA and ihfB, which significantly reduced the production of cell wall‐degrading enzymes (CWDEs), an unknown novel phytotoxin and the virulence factor‐modulating (VFM) quorum‐sensing (QS) signal, cell motility, biofilm formation, and thereafter the infection ability towards both potato slices and banana seedlings. To characterize the regulatory pathways of IHF protein associated with virulence, IHF binding sites (consensus sequence 5′‐WATCAANNNNTTR‐3′) were predicted and 272 binding sites were found throughout the genome. The expression of 110 tested genes was affected by IHF. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) showed direct interaction of IhfA protein with the promoters of vfmE, speA, pipR, fis, slyA, prtD, hrpL, hecB, hcp, indA, hdaA, flhD, pilT, gcpJ, arcA, arcB, and lysR. This study clarified the contribution of IHF in the pathogenic process of D. zeae by controlling the production of VFM and putrescine QS signals, phytotoxin, and indigoidine, the luxR‐solo system, Fis, SlyA, and FlhD transcriptional regulators, and secretion systems from type I to type VI. Characterization of the regulatory networks of IHF in D. zeae provides a target for prevention and control of plant soft rot disease.
Biomechanical Evaluation of Spinal Column after Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Li Shuang , Xu Baoshan , Liu Yancheng , Zhang Jingyu , Xu Guijun , Shao Pengfei , Li Xiaoye , Hu Yongcheng , Ma Xinlong 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo compare the biomechanical properties of percutaneous cement discoplasty (PCD) in the spinal column between different implant‐endplate friction.MethodsA validated L3‐Scarumfinite element (FE) model was modified for simulation. In the PCD model, the L4/5 level was modified based on model 1 (M1) and model 2 (M2). In M1, the interaction between bone cement and endplate was defined as face‐to‐face contact with a friction coefficient of 0.3; in M2, the contact was defined as a Tie constraint. 7.5 N m moments of four physiological motions and axial load of 15, 100 and 400 N preload were imposed at the top of L3. The range of motion (ROM) and interface stress analysis of endplates, annulus fibrosus and bone cement of the operated level were calculated for comparisons among the three models.ResultsThe ROM of M1 and M2 increased when compared with the intact model during flexion (FL) (17.5% vs 10.0%), extension (EX) (8.8% vs −8.8%), left bending (LB) (19.0% vs −17.2%) and left axial rotation (LR) (34.6% vs −3.8%). The stress of annulus fibrosus in M1 and M2 decreased in FL (−48.4% vs −57.5%), EX (−25.7% vs −14.7%), LB (−47.5% vs −52.4%), LR (−61.4% vs −68.7%) and axis loading of 100 N (−41.5% vs −15.3%), and 400 N (−27.9% vs −27.3%). The stress of upper endplate of M1 and M2 increased in FL (24.6% vs 24.7%), LB (82.2% vs 89.5%), LR (119% vs 62.4%) and axis loading of 100 N (64.6% vs 45.5%), and 400 N (58.2% vs 24.3%), but was similar in EX (2.9% vs 0.3%). The stress of lower endplate of M1 and M2 increased in FL (170.9% vs 175.0%), EX (180.8% vs 207.7%), LB (302.6% vs 274.7%), LR (332.4% vs 132.8%) and axis loading of 100 N (350.7% vs 168.6%), and 400 N (165.2% vs 106.7%).ConclusionPercutaneous cement discoplasty procedure could make effect on the mobility or stiffness. The fusion of bone cement and endplate might have more biomechanical advantages, including of the decreasing rate of implant subsidence and dislocation, and the increase spine stability.
Arthroscopic Management of Giant Meniscal Cysts Among Young Patients: An Average Three‐YearMRIFollow‐Up
Authors: Li Hongxing , Li Zhiling , Li Quanchao , Mei Lin , Pierre Bigiriman Simon , Abdullenur Ayub , Huang Tianlong , Wang Wanchun , Mao Xinzhan , Zhu Weihong 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo describe an arthroscopic technique for giant meniscal cyst excision with preservation of the functional meniscus, report the short‐ and medium‐term outcomes, and assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for follow‐up imaging evaluations.MethodsA total of 54 consecutive patients with symptomatic meniscal cysts were admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between 2014 and 2019. Nine patients with giant meniscus cysts (six females and three males) were included in this study. The age range of the patients was 6–34 years. All patients underwent a complete physical examination, X‐ray, Doppler ultrasound, and MRI of the knee preoperatively. After an arthroscopic diagnosis of a meniscal rupture with a giant meniscal cyst, partial meniscectomy, ablation of the cyst, and suturing of the retainable meniscus were performed. Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores were used preoperatively and at the most recent follow‐up. Clinical outcomes were classified into four categories: excellent, good, fair, and poor. During the last visit, all patients underwent MRI to assess the recurrence of the cyst and meniscal suture healing.ResultsPreoperative MRI and arthroscopic examination revealed giant meniscal cysts combined with meniscal tears and congenital discoid meniscus, and all giant meniscal cysts occurred in the lateral meniscus. The main types of meniscal tears were horizontal and complex tears. The cysts were unicystic in one case and multicystic in eight cases. The mean size of the cysts on the MRI was 5.86 cm × 2.24 cm × 2.48 cm. The mean follow‐up periods were 37.5 (19–60) months. Clinical outcomes were excellent in six patients and good in three patients. The postoperative scores were significantly improved compared to the preoperative scores (Lysholm: 90.78 ± 4.60vs.54.56 ± 7.25; IKDC: 96.2 ± 3.46vs.61.69 ± 3.36;p <0.01). No recurrence of the cyst was indicated on the MRI, and there was good healing of the torn meniscus.ConclusionsArthroscopic cystectomy combined with the meniscus suture technique was effective to eradicate residual cyst cavities, and traffic orifices be highly recommended.
Frameshift Mutation in a Chinese Patient with Brachydactyly Type C Involving the Third Metacarpal: A Case Report
Authors: Li Qiuya , Bai Fan , Chen Shanlin 
Published: July 2022

Brachydactyly is a common feature of congenital hand anomalies characterized by shortening of the phalanges and/or metacarpals. Mutation of growth differentiation factor‐5 (GDF5) may result in loss of appearance and function in brachydactyly type C (BDC). Herein, we describe an 11 year‐old Chinese BDC patient with significant shortening of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 5th digits. Notably, according to the analysis of metacarpophalangeal pattern profiles, we do not think the 4th digit appears unaffected as usual. In this patient a novel heterozygous frameshift mutation was identified (c.349delG) causing termination of translation after translating six amino acids from codon 117 (p.A117fs*6). This mutation is located in the propeptide region of GDF5, causing GDF5 haploinsufficiency in BDC. Considering our results expanding the genetic spectrum of BDC‐causing mutations, further molecular analysis to diagnose and reclassify isolated brachydactyly on the basis of genotype rather than phenotype is warranted.
Toward amicro‐levelperspective of organizational publicness: Felt organizational publicness in the eyes of state government employees
Authors: Min Naon , Yang Kaifeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOrganizational publicness is a foundational construct for public administration. It has largely been conceptualized deductively and focuses mostly on the macro‐ and meso‐levels of analysis, leaving under‐explored how public employees perceive it at the micro‐level. Through a grounded theory analysis of state government employees' interview data, this study aims to uncover public officials' perceptions about organizational publicness. We find that participants' perception of organizational publicness is a composite of five themes: four represent the core meanings of felt organizational publicness, essentially reflecting a cultural/ethical perspective (purpose, value, behavior, and outcome), and one represents the context of the meanings (external environment). Linking the dimensions with the literature and publicness at other analytical levels, we discuss the findings' implications. We emphasize that employee perceptions of organizational publicness play an important role in achieving realized publicness.
The significance of WRKY45 transcription factor in metabolic adjustments during dark‐induced leaf senescence
Authors: Barros Jessica A. S. , Cavalcanti João Henrique F. , Pimentel Karla G. , Medeiros David B. , Silva José C. F. , Condori‐Apfata Jorge A. , Lapidot‐Cohen Taly , Brotman Yariv , Nunes‐Nesi Adriano , Fernie Alisdair R. , Avin‐Wittenberg Tamar , Araújo Wagner L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPlants are constantly exposed to environmental changes that affect their performance. Metabolic adjustments are crucial to controlling energy homoeostasis and plant survival, particularly during stress. Under carbon starvation, coordinated reprogramming is initiated to adjust metabolic processes, which culminate in premature senescence. Notwithstanding, the regulatory networks that modulate transcriptional control during low energy remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the WRKY45 transcription factor is highly induced during both developmental and dark‐induced senescence. The overexpression of Arabidopsis WRKY45 resulted in an early senescence phenotype characterized by a reduction of maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II and chlorophyll levels in the later stages of darkness. The detailed metabolic characterization showed significant changes in amino acids coupled with the accumulation of organic acids in WRKY45 overexpression lines during dark‐induced senescence. Furthermore, the markedly upregulation of alternative oxidase (AOX1a, AOX1d) and electron transfer flavoprotein/ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETFQO) genes suggested that WRKY45 is associated with a dysregulation of mitochondrial signalling and the activation of alternative respiration rather than amino acids catabolism regulation. Collectively our results provided evidence that WRKY45 is involved in the plant metabolic reprogramming following carbon starvation and highlight the potential role of WRKY45 in the modulation of mitochondrial signalling pathways.
Chinese immigrant child and maternal reactions to disappointment: Cultural fit impacts the bidirectional associations
Authors: Vu Kathy T. T. , Cheah Charissa S. L. , Halberstadt Amy G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCulture provides a context in which emotion socialization is embedded, and the bidirectional effects between parents’ emotion socialization and children's emotional behaviors may work differently across cultures. To understand how emotion socialization may be shaped by the cultural context, we examined the moderating role of Asian cultural values in bidirectional associations between maternal emotion socialization practices and child anger and sadness. Seventy‐four U.S. Chinese immigrant mothers (Mage = 40.71 years, SD = 3.61) completed measures assessing their Asian cultural values and parenting style. Children experienced a disappointment task in the lab (Cole, 1986), and mothers and their children (Mage = 6.73 years, SD = .95; 55% female) were observed at two different time intervals. Mothers’ socialization practices (emotion dismissing, emotion coaching, and moral and behavioral socialization) and children's anger and sadness responses at both intervals were coded. Mothers’ greater Asian cultural values buffered the negative effects of their emotion dismissing practices on children's anger and sadness. However, Asian cultural values did not impact the effects of children's anger and sadness on mothers’ emotion dismissing practices. When mothers endorsed fewer Asian values, their emotion coaching practices reduced children's anger and sadness. Children's anger and sadness evoked more emotion coaching practices when mothers endorsed lower levels of Asian cultural values. In addition, children's anger and sadness evoked greater moral and behavioral responses from their mothers when mothers endorsed more Asian values. Overall, findings underscored the importance of cultural values in the interplay between mothers’ emotion socialization practices and children's emotions.
An automated workflow that generates atom mappings for large‐scale metabolic models and its application to Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Huß Sebastian , Judd Rika Siedah , Koper Kaan , Maeda Hiroshi A. , Nikoloski Zoran 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYQuantification of reaction fluxes of metabolic networks can help us understand how the integration of different metabolic pathways determines cellular functions. Yet, intracellular fluxes cannot be measured directly but are estimated with metabolic flux analysis (MFA), which relies on the patterns of isotope labeling of metabolites in the network. The application of MFA also requires a stoichiometric model with atom mappings that are currently not available for the majority of large‐scale metabolic network models, particularly of plants. While automated approaches such as the Reaction Decoder Toolkit (RDT) can produce atom mappings for individual reactions, tracing the flow of individual atoms of the entire reactions across a metabolic model remains challenging. Here we establish an automated workflow to obtain reliable atom mappings for large‐scale metabolic models by refining the outcome of RDT, and apply the workflow to metabolic models of Arabidopsis thaliana. We demonstrate the accuracy of RDT through a comparative analysis with atom mappings from a large database of biochemical reactions, MetaCyc. We further show the utility of our automated workflow by simulating 15N isotope enrichment and identifying nitrogen (N)‐containing metabolites which show enrichment patterns that are informative for flux estimation in future 15N‐MFA studies of A. thaliana. The automated workflow established in this study can be readily expanded to other species for which metabolic models have been established and the resulting atom mappings will facilitate MFA and graph‐theoretic structural analyses with large‐scale metabolic networks.
Structure‐guided engineering of key amino acids in UGT85B1 controlling substrate and stereo‐specificity in aromatic cyanogenic glucoside biosynthesis
Authors: Del Giudice Rita , Putkaradze Natalia , dos Santos Bruna Marques , Hansen Cecilie Cetti , Crocoll Christoph , Motawia Mohammed Saddik , Fredslund Folmer , Laursen Tomas , Welner Ditte Hededam 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYCyanogenic glucosides are important defense molecules in plants with useful biological activities in animals. Their last biosynthetic step consists of a glycosylation reaction that confers stability and increases structural diversity and is catalyzed by the UDP‐dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) of glycosyltransferase family 1. These versatile enzymes have large and varied substrate scopes, and the structure–function relationships controlling scope and specificity remain poorly understood. Here, we report substrate‐bound crystal structures and rational engineering of substrate and stereo‐specificities of UGT85B1 from Sorghum bicolor involved in biosynthesis of the cyanogenic glucoside dhurrin. Substrate specificity was shifted from the natural substrate (S)‐p‐hydroxymandelonitrile to (S)‐mandelonitrile by combining a mutation to abolish hydrogen bonding to the p‐hydroxyl group with a mutation to provide steric hindrance at the p‐hydroxyl group binding site (V132A/Q225W). Further, stereo‐specificity was shifted from (S) to (R) by substituting four rationally chosen residues within 6 Å of the nitrile group (M312T/A313T/H408F/G409A). These activities were compared to two other UGTs involved in the biosynthesis of aromatic cyanogenic glucosides in Prunus dulcis (almond) and Eucalyptus cladocalyx. Together, these studies enabled us to pinpoint factors that drive substrate and stereo‐specificities in the cyanogenic glucoside biosynthetic UGTs. The structure‐guided engineering of the functional properties of UGT85B1 enhances our understanding of the evolution of UGTs involved in the biosynthesis of cyanogenic glucosides and will enable future engineering efforts towards new biotechnological applications.
Growth and nutrient accumulation metrics of Diodia saponariifolia plants as a potential native cover crop in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Rocha Fernando Igne , Machado Aroldo Ferreira Lopes , Tavares Orlando Carlos Huertas , Chaves Cardoso Jéssica , Uzêda Mariella Camardelli 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCompetition for resources between crops and weeds hinders the increase of production in agroecosystems. The trait‐based plant species selection of cover crops can be a useful tool to suppress competing plants in addition to providing environmental services. Here, we assessed the growth and macronutrient accumulation metrics in Diodia saponariifolia (Rubiaceae) plants, a native cover crop found in family farming systems in southeastern Brazil. Under greenhouse conditions, three viable D. saponariifolia cuttings were planted per tray. The experimental design was entirely randomized, with treatments consisting of plant sampling times, at regular intervals of 7 days between 16 and 93 days after transplanting (DAT) and 15 days between 93 and 138 DAT. Based on dry mass and chemical analysis of leaves, stems, and roots; we fitted the logistic model to explore the metrics of growth and macronutrient accumulation. Overall, the increment in plant dry mass was slow about halfway through the experimental period, being subsequently replaced by a phase of rapid growth. The stem was the plant fraction with the highest relative biomass accumulation. The total macronutrient concentration followed the descending order of K > N > Ca > Mg > P, varying along the plant ontogeny. Considering the nutrient content, the estimated 200 g m−2 of aboveground dry mass, and 0.3 m2 of leaf area, it is suggested to perform the first mechanical weeding along the third month of growth. Our results suggest that D. saponariifolia has satisfactory agronomical features for its establishment as a cover crop in different agricultural contexts.