bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of automated analysis of coronary Doppler echocardiograms
Authors: Bossenbroek Jamie , Ueyama Yukie , McCallinhart Patricia E. , Bartlett Christopher W. , Ray William C. , Trask Aaron J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCoronary artery disease is the leading cause of heart disease, and while it can be assessed through transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE) by observing changes in coronary flow, manual analysis of TTDE is time consuming and subject to bias. In a previous study, a program was created to automatically analyze coronary flow patterns by parsing Doppler videos into a single continuous image, binarizing and separating the image into cardiac cycles, and extracting data values from each of these cycles. The program significantly reduced variability and time to complete TTDE analysis, but some obstacles such as interfering noise and varying video sizes left room to increase the program’s accuracy. The goal of this current study was to refine the existing automation algorithm and heuristics by (1) moving the program to a Python environment, (2) increasing the program’s ability to handle challenging cases and video variations, and (3) removing unrepresentative cardiac cycles from the final data set. With this improved analysis, examiners can use the automatic program to easily and accurately identify the early signs of serious heart diseases.
Study of the sorting pattern of dredger fill under artificial disturbance based on the concealment degree
Authors: Yanzhao Yuan , Juyun Zhai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on the sorting pattern of silt deposited at estuaries under artificial disturbance based on the concept of bidirectional concealment, which is introduced for such silt with similar particle size, low disturbance exposure angle, and difficult sorting. By establishing the relationship among the absolute concealment (Δi), the drag force coefficient ($${C}_{\mathrm{D}}$$

C
D

), and the lift force coefficient ($${C}_{\mathrm{L}}$$

C
L

) of highly concealed silt particles under disturbance and considering the concepts of disturbance intensity, disturbance direction, and particle concealment degree, the contribution equation for the effective depth (Y) of artificial disturbance in the deposited slurry is introduced, and the mechanical equation for the internal disturbance of silt is established. On this basis, the motion initiation probability for fine particles ($${\varepsilon }_{{d}_{i}}$$

ε

d
i

) is calculated using the Shields parameter ($$\Theta$$
Θ
c), and the theoretical model of plastic sandy silt sorting under artificial disturbance is derived from the Markov chain-based three-state transition. The method proposed in this paper can explain the bedload gradation of sandy silt under internal physical disturbance. The calculated data in this paper agrees well with that of the flume test on uniform sandy silt and the related sediment particle theories. Therefore, the clay particle transport pattern model in slurry under artificial disturbance based on the bidirectional concealment degree can explain the gradation changes of flow-plastic sandy silt under artificial disturbance, thus providing a theoretical basis for the research on the sorting of flow-plastic sandy silt under artificial disturbance.
Substances with zero static permittivity
Authors: Kharlamov Vladimir F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe structure of materials with a negative electric susceptibility has been determined. Their electrical properties correspond to vanishing static dielectric permittivity. We give a theoretical explanation of anomalous polarization of powders observed in experiments and the mechanism of emergence in an aerosol cloud of an electric field, which is responsible for spark discharges (lightnings). We also explain the ball lightning properties known from observations. A fundamental scientific problem has been solved and the grounds have been laid for applications of new principles in electronics and electrical engineering.
The role of psychosocial factors in patients’ recollections of breast reconstruction options discussed with their surgeons
Authors: Wang Haoqi , Liu Jun , Bordes Mary Catherine , Chopra Deepti , Reece Gregory P. , Markey Mia K. , Hoffman Aubri S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA patient’s comprehension and memory of conversations with their providers plays an important role in their healthcare. Adult breast cancer patients whose legal sex was female and who underwent treatment at the Center for Reconstructive Surgery at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center were asked to indicate which breast reconstruction procedures they discussed with their surgeon. We focused on the three most frequent responses: (a) participants who remembered discussing implant-based, tissue-based, and combination procedures; (b) participants who remembered only an implant-based option being discussed; and (c) participants who remember only a tissue-based option being discussed. We used multinomial logistic regression models to explore the psychosocial factors associated with patients’ recollections of their breast reconstruction options after discussions with their reconstructive surgeons, controlling for medical factors that impact surgical decision-making. Our analyses identified body mass index, body image investment, and body image as statistically significantly associated with the reconstructive options that a participant recalls discussing with their surgeon. Our findings highlight body image investment and body image as important psychological factors that may influence what patients remember from consultations about breast reconstruction options.
Within-person reproducibility of proteoforms related to inflammation and renal dysfunction
Authors: Gao Jie , McCann Adrian , Laupsa-Borge Johnny , Nygård Ottar , Ueland Per Magne , Meyer Klaus 
Published: May 2022

AbstractProtein biomarkers and microheterogeneity have attracted increasing attention in epidemiological and clinical research. Knowledge of within-person reproducibility over time is paramount to determine whether a single measurement accurately reflects an individual’s long-term exposure. Yet, research investigating within-person reproducibility for proteoforms is limited. We investigated the reproducibility of the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and calprotectin (S100A8/9), and the renal function marker cystatin C (CnC) using a novel immuno-MALDI-TOF MS assay. Reproducibility, expressed as intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), was calculated for 16 proteoforms using plasma samples of the Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial (WENBIT) cohort collected 1–3 y apart from 295 stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients and 16 weeks apart from 38 subjects of the Intervention with Omega Fatty Acids in High-risk Patients with Hypertriglyceridemic Waist (OMEGA) trial with abdominal obesity but no other documented co-morbidities. ICCs for inflammatory markers were lower in WENBIT (CRP: 0.51, SAAt: 0.38, S100At: 0.31) compared to OMEGA subjects (CRP: 0.71, SAAt: 0.73, S100At: 0.48), while comparable for CnCt (WENBIT: 0.69, OMEGA: 0.67). Excluding SAP patients with elevated inflammation (CRP > 10 µg/ml) increased the ICC of SAAt to 0.55. Reduction of the time interval from 3 to 1 y in WENBIT group increased ICCs for all proteoforms. With a few exceptions ICCs did not differ between proteoforms of the same biomarker. ICCs were highest in OMEGA subjects with fair-to-good reproducibility for all markers. Reproducibility of SAA and S100A8/9 proteoforms in the WENBIT cohort was related to inflammation. This work will inform future clinical and epidemiological research which relies on single time point biomarker assessment to investigate inflammation and renal function.
Detachment mechanism and reduced evaporation of an evaporative NaCl salt crust
Authors: Licsandru G. , Noiriel C. , Geoffroy S. , Abou-Chakra A. , Duru P. , Prat M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSalt crusts forming at the surface of a porous medium are commonly observed in nature as well as on building materials and pieces of our cultural heritage where they represent a risk for the supporting substrate integrity. Previous research indicates that the salt crust can detach from the porous substrate and severely reduces the evaporation. However, the current understanding of the detachment mechanisms and the reduced evaporation is very limited. In the present experiment, we evidence dissolution–precipitation processes as key mechanisms in the detachment process. We also show that the crust remains wet and the observed reduced evaporation is explained by the formation of tiny pores in the nanometer range and the Kelvin effect. The resulting crust permeability is very low. Combined with previous results, this shows that the crust permeability is highly dependent on the crust formation conditions. More generally, salt structures in a water vapor concentration gradient are shown to be self-propelled systems capable to carry small objects such as, for instance, soil particles. Our study has significance for understanding the impact of salt crusts on evaporation and the associated important phenomena, such as soil salinization and porous material degradation inherent to salt crystallization.
The interaction between endogenous GABA, functional connectivity, and behavioral flexibility is critically altered with advanced age
Authors: Heise Kirstin-Friederike , Rueda-Delgado Laura , Chalavi Sima , King Bradley R. , Monteiro Thiago Santos , Edden Richard A. E. , Mantini Dante , Swinnen Stephan P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe flexible adjustment of ongoing behavior challenges the nervous system’s dynamic control mechanisms and has shown to be specifically susceptible to age-related decline. Previous work links endogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with behavioral efficiency across perceptual and cognitive domains, with potentially the strongest impact on those behaviors that require a high level of dynamic control. Our analysis integrated behavior and modulation of interhemispheric phase-based connectivity during dynamic motor-state transitions with endogenous GABA concentration in adult human volunteers. We provide converging evidence for age-related differences in the preferred state of endogenous GABA concentration for more flexible behavior. We suggest that the increased interhemispheric connectivity observed in the older participants represents a compensatory neural mechanism caused by phase-entrainment in homotopic motor cortices. This mechanism appears to be most relevant in the presence of a less optimal tuning of the inhibitory tone as observed during healthy aging to uphold the required flexibility of behavioral action. Future work needs to validate the relevance of this interplay between neural connectivity and GABAergic inhibition for other domains of flexible human behavior.
A highly efficient and stable solar energy-driven device using lignocellulosic biomass Juncus effusus for the recovery of ethanol–water mixture
Authors: Fu Zhuan , Zhou Sijie , Xia Liangjun , Zhang Chunhua , Zhu Na , Gong Junyao , Wang Xiaofeng , Liu Xin , Li Li , Xu Weilin 
Published: May 2022

A highly efficient and stable solar energy-driven device was fabricated using lignocellulosic biomass Juncus effusus for the recovery of ethanol–water mixture.
Stationsäquivalente Behandlung für Kinder, Jugendliche und Familien
Authors: Schepker Renate , Boege Isabel 
Published: May 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBei belegter Wirksamkeit für alle psychischen Störungen, Vorteilen für die Elternarbeit und Adoleszente ist die Verbreitung der stationsäquivalenten Behandlung (StäB) in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie u. a. durch Finanzierungs- und Kodierungsfragen sowie Hemmnisse der Realisierung von Kooperationen noch begrenzt. Diese Arbeit fasst praktische Erfahrungen in der Zusammenarbeit verschiedener Leistungserbringer sowie die aktuellen sozialpolitischen Fragen um StäB einschließlich der regulatorischen Desiderata zusammen.
Metastatische pulmonale Kalzifikation – eine selten diagnostizierte Entität in der differenzialdiagnostischen Abklärung interstitieller Lungenerkrankungen
Authors: Groß Torsten , Wodziwodski A. , Simka Sebastian 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungEine 70-jährige Patientin, die vor ca. 20 Jahren aufgrund einer Anti-Neutrophile cytoplasmatische Antikörper (ANCA)-positiven, rapid-progressiven Glomerulonephritis eine Nierentransplantation erhielt, wurde uns zur Abklärung einer fibrosierenden interstitiellen Lungenerkrankung mit Computertomografie (CT)-radiologischen Veränderungen im Sinne (i. S.) einer akuten Alveolitis zugewiesen. Sie beklagte eine bereits seit Längerem bestehende Belastungsdyspnoe. Lungenfunktionell zeigte sich eine leichte Restriktion (FVC 78% d. Soll), ausgeprägt eine schwere Diffusionsstörung (DLCO 41% d. Soll). Sowohl anamnestisch als auch serologisch ergab sich kein Hinweis auf eine exogen-allergische Alveolitis. In den bronchoskopisch gewonnenen Proben wurden initial Veränderungen i. S. einer nichtspezifischen interstitiellen Lungenerkrankung vom fibrotischen Typ, z. B. zu einer Reaktion im Rahmen der immunsuppressiven Therapie passend, gefunden. Mikrobiologisch wurde in der bronchoalveolären Lavage (BAL)-Flüssigkeit Herpes-simplex-Virus mittels Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR) nachgewiesen. Unter der Arbeitsdiagnose einer Herpes-Pneumonitis wurde eine antivirale Therapie durchgeführt. Die immunsuppressive Therapie wurde fortgesetzt. In einer Kontrolle konnte der Herpesvirus nicht mehr nachgewiesen werden. Nach initialer subjektiver Verbesserung der Luftnot und wiederholter Kontroll-CT-Bildgebung stellten sich die initialen radiologischen Veränderung nach ca. einem Jahr als unverändert dar und die Belastungsluftnot als persistierend. In der neuerlichen transbronchialen Lungenbiopsie konnte eine metastatische pulmonale Kalzifikation nachgewiesen werden. Eine Aktivität der Erkrankung konnte erfreulicherweise ausgeschlossen werden.
Fazit In der differenzialdiagnostischen Abklärung interstitieller Lungenerkrankungen muss v. a. bei Patient*innen mit vulnerablem Kalzium-Phosphat-Haushalt und Säure-Basen-Gleichgewicht, wie es z. B. im Rahmen chronischer Nierenerkrankungen auftritt, auch an die Möglichkeit einer metastatischen pulmonalen Kalzifikation (MPC) gedacht werden, v. a. wenn das radiologische Bild persistierende, oberlappenbetonte Milchglasveränderungen aufzeigt. Die Diagnosestellung erfordert hierbei eine multidisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit zwischen Pneumologen, Radiologen und Pathologen.
Kriterien für die Umsetzung transitionspsychiatrischer Angebote (Transitionskriterien)
Authors: Driessen Martin , Romanos Marcel , Pollmächer Thomas , Kölch Michael 
Published: May 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer Übergang vom Jugend- in das Erwachsenenalter ist im Kontext psychischer Störungen mit besonderen Herausforderungen für die Betroffenen verbunden und führt häufig zu Behandlungsabbrüchen mit dem Risiko schwerer und chronischer Krankheitsverläufe. Während die fachlich-wissenschaftliche Bearbeitung dieses Themas seit mehr als einer Dekade differenziert erfolgt, fehlen systematische Angebote in der Regelversorgung. Nachvollziehbare, qualitative Kriterien bzw. Anforderungen besonders an die stationäre Transitionsangebote können die Etablierung erleichtern. Die Fachgesellschaften DGPPN und DGKJP haben daher Transitionskriterien entwickelt, die die Zielgruppe, die zu fordernde Strukturqualität sowie Finanzierungsaspekte für den stationären Bereich und Kriterien für die ambulante Transitionsbehandlung beschreiben.
Können die Maßnahmen der komplexen Modellintervention
CoCare die Zusammenarbeit von Pflegekräften und
Ärzt*innen in Pflegeheimen verbessern? Ergebnisse einer
kontrollierten Studie mit Prä-Post-Messung
Authors: Kaiser Vanessa , Reese Christina , Sehlbrede Matthias , Brühmann Boris A. , Farin-Glattacker Erik 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Das Modellprojekt „CoCare - Erweiterte
koordinierte ärztliche Pflegeheimversorgung“ (Förderung:
Innovationsfonds des G-BA) verfolgte das Ziel, die haus- und
fachärztliche Versorgung in Pflegeheimen durch die Einführung
einer neuen Versorgungsform zu verbessern. In den Projektheimen wurde eine Reihe
von Maßnahmen umgesetzt, die unter anderem die Zusammenarbeit von
Pflegeheimpersonal und betreuenden Ärzt*innen fördern
sollten. Die vorliegenden Befragungsergebnisse wurden im Rahmen der summativen
Evaluation des Projekts erhoben.
Methodik In der Interventionsgruppe (IG) wurde vor Implementation der
CoCare-Intervention (T0) die erste Befragung durchgeführt, 12 Monate
nach Beginn der Implementation die zweite (T1). In der Kontrollgruppe (KG), in
der die Bewohner*innen wie üblich behandelt wurden
(„usual care“), fand eine Befragung statt. Geprüft
wurde, ob sich die Bewertung der interprofessionellen Zusammenarbeit in der IG
von T0 zu T1 verbesserte, und inwiefern sich in der IG nach der Intervention
Vorteile gegenüber der KG ergaben. Außerdem analysierten wir, ob
die Beteiligten der IG eine Verbesserung der Versorgung von T0 zu T1 wahrnehmen
konnten und den Nutzen der Intervention positiv beurteilten.
Ergebnisse Ausgewertet wurden Befragungsergebnisse von 678
Pflegekräften und 158 Ärzt*innen (N=836). In der
IG beurteilten Pflegekräfte die interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit zu T1
signifikant besser als zu T0, bei Ärzt*innen konnten nur
teilweise signifikante Verbesserungen festgestellt werden. Zudem bewerteten
Pflegekräfte der IG interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit zu T1 signifikant
besser als die KG. Bei Ärzt*innen ergaben sich
diesbezüglich keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Beide Berufsgruppen der
IG nahmen signifikante Verbesserungen in der Versorgung wahr und auch der Nutzen
der Intervention wurde signifikant positiv bewertet. Als besonders vorteilhaft
erlebten die Befragten übereinstimmend die regelmäßigen
wöchentlichen Visiten und die bessere Erreichbarkeit fester
Ansprechpersonen.
Schlussfolgerung Die Implementierung der
„CoCare“-Maßnahmen kann die Bewertung der Versorgung und
interprofessionellen Zusammenarbeit von Pflegekräften und
Ärzt*innen verbessern. Die Beteiligung an der Befragung war
jedoch – insbesondere bei den Ärzt*innen - eher gering,
wodurch sich die statistische Teststärke reduzierte.
Clinical Outcomes after Clozapine Discontinuation in Patients with
Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Miura Gentaro , Tanaka Kouhei , Kemuriyama Takashi , Misawa Fuminari , Uchida Hiroyuki , Mimura Masaru , Takeuchi Hiroyoshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction Clozapine is the gold standard of treatment for patients with
treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, approximately 60% of those
patients do not respond to clozapine; moreover, clinical outcomes after
clozapine discontinuation are unclear so far. Therefore, we conducted a
systematic review to clarify the outcomes after clozapine discontinuation.
Methods A systematic literature search was conducted, using MEDLINE and
Embase with the following keywords: (clozapine AND
(cessation* OR cease* OR
withdraw* OR discontinu* OR
halt* OR stop* OR switch*) AND
(schizophreni* OR schizoaffective)).
Results A total of 28 clinical studies from 27 articles were identified
and included in this systematic review. Three randomized controlled trials
reported worsening of psychiatric symptoms. In 10 single-arm studies, the
results of worsening and improving psychiatric symptoms were inconsistent. In
one large retrospective cohort study, clozapine rechallenge, olanzapine, and
antipsychotic polypharmacy had lower rehospitalization rates compared to no
medication after clozapine discontinuation. In the other 14 retrospective
studies, the vast majority showed worsening of clinical status after clozapine
discontinuation. Among five studies on clinical outcomes after clozapine
rechallenge, four reported improvements in clinical status in more than half of
patients who rechallenged clozapine. The remaining study reported that the
clozapine discontinuation-rechallenge group had a worse remission assessment
score than the clozapine discontinuation-no rechallenge group.
Discussion Clinical outcomes generally worsen after clozapine
discontinuation. Clozapine rechallenge and olanzapine may be considered
following clozapine discontinuation. The outcomes after clozapine
discontinuation in clozapine non-responders remain inconclusive; therefore,
well-designed studies are warranted.
Synthesis of Axially Chiral Cationic Benzo[c]phenanthridinium Derivatives
Authors: Agudelo Brian Castro , Rigoulet Florian , Rodriguez Jean , Coquerel Yoann , Giorgi Michel , Sayah Babak 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCationic polycyclic aromatic compounds containing one or more nitrogen atom(s), also known as azonia polycyclic aromatic compounds, form a valuable class of molecules because of their fluorescent and/or medicinal properties. N-Arylated hydroisoquinoline derivatives were synthesized through an aryne aza-Diels–Alder cycloaddition/N-arylation sequence. A subsequent two-electron oxidation allowed the synthesis of some axially chiral cationic benzo[c]phenanthridinium derivatives. The structural and optical properties of some of these molecules were determined. Their chirality was evidenced experimentally by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and 1H NMR spectroscopy, and their conformational behavior was examined by computational DFT methods.
Recent Advances in C–F Bond Activation of Acyl Fluorides Directed toward Catalytic Transformation by Transition Metals, N-Heterocyclic Carbenes, or Phosphines
Authors: Nishihara Yasushi , Tian Tian , Chen Qiang , Li Zhiping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNumerous studies on the activation of carbon–fluorine bonds have been reported in recent years. For example, acyl fluorides have been utilized as versatile reagents for acylation, arylation, and even fluorination. In this review, we focus on acyl fluorides as compounds with carbon–fluorine bonds, and highlight recent advances in strategies for the activation of their C–F bonds via transition-metal catalysis, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHCs) catalysis, organophosphine catalysis, and classical nucleophilic substitution reactions.1	Introduction2	Transition-Metal-Mediated C–F Bond Activation2.1	Acylation (Carbonyl-Retentive) Coupling Reactions2.2	Decarbonylative Reactions2.3	C–F Bond Activation by Other Transition Metals3	C–F Bond Activation by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs)3.1	NHC-Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Acyl Fluorides3.2	NHC-Catalyzed Radical Functionalization of Acyl Fluorides3.3	NHC-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Fluorination of (Hetero)aromatics4	C–F Bond Activation by Phosphines4.1	Phosphine-Catalyzed Direct Activation of the C–F Bond of Acyl Fluorides4.2	Phosphine-Catalyzed Indirect Activation of the C–F Bond of Acyl Fluorides5	C–F Bond Activation by Classical Nucleophilic Substitution6	Miscellaneous Examples7	Summary and Perspective
The Challenge of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Inborn Errors of Metabolism: Does Medical Food Alone Suffice?
Authors: Singanamalla Bhanudeep , Paria Pradip , Suthar Renu , Saini Arushi G. , Attri Savita V. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlutaric aciduria type 1 (GA-1) is a treatable inborn error of metabolism caused by glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. This enzyme deficiency leads to accumulation of glutaric acid, 3-hydroxy glutaric acid, and glutaconic acid which are potentially neurotoxic. Patients with GA-1 have characteristic clinical and neuroimaging features that help us to clinch the diagnosis. Early diagnosis by newborn screening helps us to prevent the motor problems such as dystonia and spasticity. Treatment includes low-protein diet along with carnitine supplementation which may lead to deficiency of essential amino acids and hence malnutrition. Managing malnutrition in a child with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) is challenging. Here, we describe a patient, a case of GA-1 on medical food, presenting with severe acute malnutrition, who improved with a combination of medical and home-made foods along with lysine-free, tryptophan-reduced amino acid supplements.