bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytologic manifestations of Hodgkin lymphoma in serous effusions
Authors: AbdullGaffar Badr , Raman Lakshmiah 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSerous effusions occur in a small group of patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Most effusions are benign inflammatory fluids. Malignant effusions predominantly in patients with treated relapsed diseases or rarely as a primary manifestation are diagnostically challenging to cytopathologists. Established cases of cHL with effusions were retrieved. Cytology slides were screened looking for Reed–Sternberg–Hodgkin (RSH) cells and patterns of background inflammatory cells. Cellblocks and their corresponding immunocytochemistry (ICC) slides were examined. The cytologic findings were correlated with nodal biopsy histopathologic and immunohistochemical features. We found six cases of benign and malignant pleural and pericardial effusions in patients with mediastinal nodular sclerosis‐type cHL. Various cytomorphologic patterns were observed. Slides revealed sparsely scattered either isolated or aggregated mononuclear, binucleated and multinucleated RSH‐like cells. Some may have been either disregarded as reactive mesothelial or histiocytic cells, or confused with other RSH‐like malignant cells. The background varied between characteristic mixed inflammatory milieu, predominantly small lymphocytic or lymphohistiocytic with or without reactive mesothelial cells. Cytologic examination showed three positive cases (two cases with RSH cells confirmed by cellblock section ICC, one case with a mixed inflammatory infiltrate), and three benign effusions (one case with atypical RSH‐like reactive mesothelial cells confirmed by ICC). Effusions associated with cHL exhibit different cytologic patterns. A high level of vigilance with utility of ICC has an important role in suspecting primary cases and confirming recurrences in known cases. The various cytologic patterns of cHL‐associated benign and malignant effusions might reflect parallel pathophysiologic mechanisms.
Cytomorphology of nodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia
Authors: Jin Xiaobing , Jing Xin , McHugh Jonathan B. , Pantanowitz Liron 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNodular histiocytic/mesothelial hyperplasia (NHMH) is a pathologic entity that has not been well characterized in the cytopathology literature. This is unfortunate because if unrecognized, NHMH may be misdiagnosed when encountered in cytology specimens. The aim of this communication is to accordingly alert cytologists about NHMH by means of an illustrative case report.
Bulky HybridC‐Scorpionate/Amidinate Complexes of Lithium and Zinc
Authors: Mandel Miles J. , Krieck Sven , Görls Helmar , Westerhausen Matthias 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLithiation of the bis(pyrazolyl)methanes H2C(PzAd,Me)2(1 a) and H2C(PzPh,Ph)2(1 b) and subsequent addition ofN,N’‐diisopropylcarbodiimide in THF yields [(thf)Li{(PzAd,Me)2HC−C(=NiPr)(NiPr)}] (2 a) and [(thf)Li{(PzPh,Ph)2HC−C(=NiPr)(NiPr)}] (2 b). For comparison reasons, the structure of [(thf)Li{(PztBu,tBu)2HC−C(=NCy)(NCy)}] (I) has been determined as well. Protolysis with aqueous ammonium chloride solution gives (PzAd,Me)2HC−C(=NiPr)(NHiPr) (3 a) and (PzPh,Ph)2HC−C(=NiPr)(NHiPr) (3 b). Zincation with diethylzinc leads to the formation of [EtZn{(PzAd,Me)2HC−C(=NiPr)(NiPr)}] (4 a) and [EtZn{(PzPh,Ph)2HC−C(=NiPr)(NiPr)}] (4 b). The metathetical approach allows preparation and isolation of [ClZn{(PzPh,Ph)2HC−C(=NiPr)(NiPr)}] (5). A comparison of the molecular structures of the lithium and zinc complexes allows to elucidate the influence of electronegativity on structural parameters because tetra‐coordinate Li and Zn ions have very similar radii.
Humins‐Like Solid Support for Palladium Immobilization: Highly Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Galaverna Renan S. , Fernandes Lucas P. , Menezes da Silva Vitor H. , de Siervo Abner , Pastre Julio C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the present work, a new humins‐like resin was prepared using 2,5‐bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (DHMF) and maleic anhydride in 2 min at 110 °C. Such a new material was used as a solid support for palladium immobilization. For metal anchoring, encapsulation was the method of choice and palladium was encapsulated byin‐situpolymerization. This resulting Pd@DHMF‐based catalyst was characterized by solid‐state13C NMR, FT‐IR, SEM, TGA, DSC, XRD, and XPS. To demonstrate proof of concept, Heck and Suzuki cross‐coupling reactions were selected to evaluate the activity and reusability of the catalyst. Green solvents such asγ‐valerolactone (GVL), CyreneTMand ethylene carbonate proved to be excellent reaction media for Heck coupling, whereas EtOH/H2O was preferred for Suzuki coupling. Yields of up to 99 % were obtained in both cases. The recyclability of the Pd@DHMF‐based catalyst was also demonstrated, 7 cycles have been achieved without loss of catalytic activity in both Heck and Suzuki reactions.
Competitive Host‐guest Electrochemical Detection of Ivermectin Drug Using a β‐Cyclodextrin/Graphene‐based Electrode
Authors: Silva Martin K. L. , Simões Rafael P. , Leão Alcides L. , Lapa Rainer M. L. , Rascón Jesús , Cesarino Ivana 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present study describes the novel development and application of an ivermectin (IVM) sensing electrochemical platform based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and the macrocyclic host β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) molecule. The sensing method was based in the host‐guest characteristics of β‐CD and competitive interaction between the target analyte and the methylene blue (MB) redox probe. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employed for the detection of IVM and a linear response between 0.5 and 40.0 μmol L−1with a limit of detection of 0.25 μmol L−1was obtained using the glassy carbon (GC)/rGO/β‐CD electrode. The sensing platform was successfully applied for the detection of IVM in tap water samples, which may expand the applications of β‐CD towards the analysis of other chemical species.
Ultra‐small Size ZIF‐8 Materials for Efficient and Selective Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to CO
Authors: Zhou Liangyin , Li Hongji , Wang Dandan , Jiang Wei , Wu Yuanyuan , Shang Liaofang , Guo Chunyi , Liu Chunbo , Ren Baixiang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractZeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) are considered as a novel porous material combining high stability in inorganic zeolites with high porosity and organic functionality of MOFs. The cage‐like structure selectively and efficiently traps CO2, which is an indispensable and critical step for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction Reaction (CO2RR). In this work, ultrasmall ZIF‐8 nanomaterials are synthesized by tuning the molar ratio of the feedstock and used as electrocatalysts for the selective reduction of CO2 to CO. The catalytic activity of the ultra‐small size ZIF‐8 material for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 can reach satisfactory results with a Faraday efficiency of 91 % for CO and a stability of 12.5 h at a high applied potential of −1.8 V vs. RHE. The investigation can provide a new idea to explore for the design and improvement of catalysts for CO2RR.
Two‐phase adaptive cluster sampling with circular field plots
Authors: Prentius Wilmer , Grafström Anton 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAdaptive cluster sampling (ACS) is extended to the case when the primary sampling units consist of circular field plots. When conducting field work for environmental monitoring, circular field plots are often preferred as they are easily set up by field workers. ACS was developed by tessellating the area frame into square plots. By using a two‐phase sampling procedure, a first‐phase sample of circular field plots can be established as the primary sampling units, from which ACS can be performed. However, the two‐phase approach introduces some additional complexity in estimation. We derive estimators and conservative variance estimators for two‐phase ACS using circular field plots. For some populations, ACS may produce a highly variable sample size. To deal with this issue, we provide a way to reduce the maximal possible sample size. By using simulated populations, we compare the efficiencies of two‐phase methods with ordinary simple random sampling. The simulations show that the two‐phase approach is a competitive alternative to regular ACS, and that adding a restriction to the maximal possible sample size makes ACS a viable alternative for a larger set of populations.
Low lattice thermal conductivity of hydride‐based cubic antiperovskites A3HB (a = Li, Na; B = S, se, Te) with higher‐order anharmonicity correction
Authors: Xiao Yanan , Sui Pengfei , Zhao Yinchang , Ni Jun , Meng Sheng , Dai Zhenhong 
Published: May 2022

SummaryQuartic anharmonicity is of vital significance in accurately determining thermal conductivity (κL). Here, using first‐principles calculation method combined with Boltzmann transport equation (BTE), compressive sensing techniques and self‐consistent phonon (SCP) theory, we investigate the heat transport properties of five hydride‐based cubic antiperovskites A3HB (A = Li, Na; B = S, Se, Te) with the inclusion of scattering rates and phonon frequency shifts induced by quartic anharmonicity, which do not contain orthorhombic Na3HS. It is worth noting that only the values of κL obtained by SCP theory are valid for Li3HS and Na3HS, because there is imaginary frequency in HA phonon mode, which makes the conventional calculation of BTE invalid. We also find that quartic anharmonicity is important to capture the reasonable temperature dependence of the κL, while only taking phonon frequency shifts (4 ph scattering processes) into account will result in weaker (stronger) temperature dependence. The calculated κL based SCP theory exhibits a remarkably low value at 300 K, which indicates that the cubic antiperovskites A3HB (A = Li, Na; B = S, Se, Te) are potential thermoelectric materials.
Adjusting for collider bias in genetic association studies using instrumental variable methods
Authors: Cai Siyang , Hartley April , Mahmoud Osama , Tilling Kate , Dudbridge Frank 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies have provided many genetic markers that can be used as instrumental variables to adjust for confounding in epidemiological studies. Recently, the principle has been applied to other forms of bias in observational studies, especially collider bias that arises when conditioning or stratifying on a variable that is associated with the outcome of interest. An important case is in studies of disease progression and survival. Here, we clarify the links between the genetic instrumental variable methods proposed for this problem and the established methods of Mendelian randomisation developed to account for confounding. We highlight the critical importance of weak instrument bias in this context and describe a corrected weighted least‐squares procedure as a simple approach to reduce this bias. We illustrate the range of available methods on two data examples. The first, waist–hip ratio adjusted for body‐mass index, entails statistical adjustment for a quantitative trait. The second, smoking cessation, is a stratified analysis conditional on having initiated smoking. In both cases, we find little effect of collider bias on the primary association results, but this may propagate into more substantial effects on further analyses such as polygenic risk scoring and Mendelian randomisation.
Left amygdala structure mediates longitudinal associations between exposure to threat and long‐term psychiatric symptomatology in youth
Authors: Picci Giorgia , Taylor Brittany K. , Killanin Abraham D. , Eastman Jacob A. , Frenzel Michaela R. , Wang Yu‐Ping , Stephen Julia M. , Calhoun Vince D. , Wilson Tony W. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTraumatic experiences during childhood can have profound effects on stress sensitive brain structures (e.g., amygdala and hippocampus) and the emergence of psychiatric symptoms. Recent theoretical and empirical work has delineated dimensions of trauma (i.e., threat and deprivation) as having distinct neural and behavioral effects, although there are few longitudinal examinations. A sample of 243 children and adolescents were followed for three time points, with each assessment approximately 1 year apart (ages 9–15 years at Time 1; 120 males). Participants or their caregiver reported on youths' threat exposure, perceived stress (Time 1), underwent a T1‐weighted structural high‐resolution MRI scan (Time 2), and documented their subsequent psychiatric symptoms later in development (Time 3). The primary findings indicate that left amygdala volume, in particular, mediated the longitudinal association between threat exposure and subsequent internalizing and externalizing symptomatology. Greater threat exposure related to reduced left amygdala volume, which in turn differentially predicted internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Decreased bilateral hippocampal volume was related to subsequently elevated internalizing symptoms. These findings suggest that the left amygdala is highly threat‐sensitive and that stress‐related alterations may partially explain elevated psychopathology in stress‐exposed adolescents. Uncovering potential subclinical and/or preclinical predictive biomarkers is essential to understanding the emergence, progression, and eventual targeted treatment of psychopathology following trauma exposure.
Whole‐brain dynamics differentiate among cisgender and transgender individuals
Authors: Uribe Carme , Escrichs Anira , de Filippi Eleonora , Sanz‐Perl Yonatan , Junque Carme , Gomez‐Gil Esther , Kringelbach Morten L. , Guillamon Antonio , Deco Gustavo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHow the brain represents gender identity is largely unknown, but some neural differences have recently been discovered. We used an intrinsic ignition framework to investigate whether there are gender differences in the propagation of neural activity across the whole‐brain and within resting‐state networks. Studying 29 trans men and 17 trans women with gender incongruence, 22 cis women, and 19 cis men, we computed the capability of a given brain area in space to propagate activity to other areas (mean‐ignition), and the variability across time for each brain area (node‐metastability). We found that both measurements differentiated all groups across the whole brain. At the network level, we found that compared to the other groups, cis men showed higher mean‐ignition of the dorsal attention network and node‐metastability of the dorsal and ventral attention, executive control, and temporal parietal networks. We also found higher mean‐ignition values in cis men than in cis women within the executive control network, but higher mean‐ignition in cis women than cis men and trans men for the default mode. Node‐metastability was higher in cis men than cis women in the somatomotor network, while both mean‐ignition and node‐metastability were higher for cis men than trans men in the limbic network. Finally, we computed correlations between these measurements and a body image satisfaction score. Trans men's dissatisfaction as well as cis men's and cis women's satisfaction toward their own body image were distinctively associated with specific networks in each group. Overall, the study of the whole‐brain network dynamical complexity discriminates gender identity groups, functional dynamic approaches could help disentangle the complex nature of the gender dimension in the brain.
The moderating effects of CEO power and personal traits on say‐on‐pay effectiveness: Insights from the Anglo‐Saxon economies
Authors: Joura Essam , Xiao Qin , Ullah Subhan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the efficacy of say‐on‐pay (SOP) regulation in mitigating excessive CEO compensation and how it is affected by CEO personal traits and the power distribution inside a corporation. Using IV‐GMM method and a sample of 1,931 firms from Australia, Canada, the UK, and the USA, we find that shareholder voices are successful in reducing the pay gap between CEOs and the median employee, regardless of the exact nature of the regulation. In addition, older CEOs are associated with lower pay ratios and there are some evidences suggesting that older or female CEOs enhance SOP effectiveness. Further, power distribution manifested through corporate governance mechanisms matters, as increasing board size and director and audit committee independence reduce pay ratio. A measure of CEO power, CEO pay slice, has a significant and large positive explanatory power for the model and its exclusion can greatly exaggerate the estimated impact of SOP on pay ratio. Another measure of CEO power, CEO duality, appears to enhance the potency of SOP slightly. There is also some evidence indicating that ownership concentration enhances SOP effectiveness. Our findings have implications for companies, investors, and regulators concerning the importance of power balance structure within corporations.
Composing Across Media for Rhetorical and Idiosyncratic Purposes: Text‐Based Writing and Digital Multimodal Composing
Authors: Kang Joohoon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to explore adolescent second language (L2) writers' composition across media (text‐based writing and digital multimodal composing). The goal was to investigate how and under what conditions these writers used semiotic resources when they engaged in both text‐based writing and digital multimodal composing. Grounded in the concept of adaptive transfer, this study was carried out in an after‐school program at a secondary school in South Korea. The researcher conducted this study and taught the class sessions simultaneously. Three adolescent participants joined the program, wrote two text‐based essays, and created two digital multimodal products. The researcher collected data from the interviews with each participant, class observations, and students' essays and products. Data analysis revealed that participants used and reshaped semiotic resources for both idiosyncratic and rhetorical purposes when composing across media. This paper offers suggestions for further research and outlines the educational implications of composition across media.
Rapid transition from in‐person to videoconferencing psychotherapy in a counselor training clinic: A safety and feasibility study during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Hall Sean B. , Bartley Alise G. , Wenk Julieta , Connor Annemarie , Dugger Suzanne M. , Casazza Krista 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDue to the COVID‐19 pandemic, many counselor training clinics rapidly transitioned in‐person (IP) services to videoconferencing psychotherapy (VCP). Because VCP is a relatively new technology, more research is needed to establish whether this delivery format is a safe and acceptable substitute for IP services in counselor training clinics. The purpose of this study is to explore questions related to how clients perceive VCP versus IP in terms of credibility and expectancy. Results from this investigation demonstrate that clients who participate in VCP, without first meeting their counselor in person, may initially question the credibility and effectiveness of VCP. However, results demonstrated improvement, in both groups, across the duration of therapy. These findings provide both initial support for the safety of VCP in counselor training clinics and justification for further research.
A novel bipolar electrocautery‐enhanced delivery system with a lumen‐apposing metal stent for EUS‐guided drainage: A porcine study
Authors: Jo Seok Jung , Moon Jong Ho , Lee Yun Nah , Park Jae Keun , Lee Tae Hoon , Park Sang‐Heum , Park Se Ik , Jeong Seok , Lee Don Haeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn electrocautery‐enhanced delivery system with a lumen‐apposing metal stent (LAMS) is available for one‐step endoscopic ultrasound‐guided transmural drainage (EUS‐TD). Bipolar electrosurgery has several potential clinical advantages, including reduced collateral thermal damage, enhanced hemostasis, and no requirement for a return electrode plate. In this study, we compared the technical feasibility and safety of a newly developed bipolar electrocautery‐enhanced delivery system with a conventional delivery system for EUS‐TD using a LAMS in a porcine model.MethodTen days before the study, 12 mini pigs underwent common bile duct ligation for EUS‐guided gallbladder drainage. Transenteric puncture was performed, followed by placement of a guidewire. In six pigs, a bipolar electrocautery‐enhanced delivery system with LAMS (Hot SPAXUS) was inserted over the guidewire and advanced into the gallbladder, without prior dilation of the tract, by applying a bipolar cut current. In the remaining six pigs, a conventional delivery system with LAMS (Cold SPAXUS) was inserted after tract dilatation using a cystotome. The stent was removed after 4 weeks.ResultsIn all pigs, the stent was successfully inserted and deployed in the gallbladder without adverse events. The mean procedure time of EUS‐TD was significantly lower in the Hot SPAXUS group than that of the Cold SPAXUS group (mean ± standard deviation: 188.7 ± 5.2 vs 449.5 ± 97.5 s, P = .0019). Stent migration was not observed, and all stents were removed successfully.ConclusionsEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided transmural drainage using a bipolar electrocautery‐enhanced LAMS is feasible for reducing the procedure time while maintaining the high success rate and safety of conventional LAMS.
Long‐term outcomes of endoscopic double stenting using an anti‐reflux metal stent for combined malignant biliary and duodenal obstruction
Authors: Sasaki Takashi , Takeda Tsuyoshi , Yamada Yuto , Okamoto Takeshi , Mori Chinatsu , Mie Takafumi , Kasuga Akiyoshi , Matsuyama Masato , Ozaka Masato , Sasahira Naoki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate long‐term outcomes of endoscopic double stenting using anti‐reflux metal stents (ARMS) for combined malignant biliary and duodenal obstruction.MethodsConsecutive patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who received endoscopic double stenting with self‐expandable metal stents (SEMS) for combined malignant biliary and duodenal obstruction at our institution between July 2014 and March 2021 were evaluated. Patients were divided into the ARMS group, endoscopic ultrasound‐guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS‐HGS) group, and covered metal stent‐transpapillary (CMS‐transpapillary) group. A Duckbill‐type metal stent was used in all ARMS cases.ResultsThirty‐eight patients were enrolled: ARMS group (n = 16), EUS‐HGS group (n = 13), and CMS‐transpapillary group (n = 9). Overall survival among three groups were not significantly different. Recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) rates of the ARMS, EUS‐HGS, and CMS‐transpapillary groups were 12.5%, 61.5%, and 88.9% (P < .01) and median time to recurrent biliary obstructions (TRBOs) were not reached, 125 days, and 7 days (P < .01). Median TRBOs of ARMS‐choledochoduodenostomy and ARMS‐transpapillary were not statistically different. Major causes of RBO were stent occlusion and symptomatic stent migration in the ARMS group, hyperplasia in the EUS‐HGS group, and non‐occlusion cholangitis in the CMS‐transpapillary group.ConclusionsEndoscopic double stenting with ARMS might be an option for combined malignant biliary and duodenal obstruction.