bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is age‐related sarcopenia a real concern for my developing country?
Authors: Boshnjaku Arben 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAgeing is a distinctive feature of living organisms. With the modernization of human societies, including the development of science, technology and education, expected life expectancy at birth is being extended. This allows novel health‐related conditions to gain particular interest amongst the field experts. Along comes sarcopenia, an age‐related condition of global proportions that effects all populations, societies and countries. Several international working groups have been trying to identify the more appropriate and applicable sarcopenia definition and diagnostic criteria to follow. Contrary to the initial muscle mass‐related context, the shift of attention to muscle strength by the revised European Working Group in Sarcopenia for Older People (EWGSOP2) was ground‐breaking and potentially game‐changing. The suggested diagnostic algorithm by the EWGSOP2 for case finding, diagnosing and quantifying the severity of cases further facilitated the applicability on clinical practices.Since being directly related to the ageing process, sarcopenia presents an issue of growing concern particularly within the high‐income and developed world regions that are generally characterized with an increased life expectancy. In contrast, the developing world and their generally lower life expectancy do not always have sarcopenia amongst the top targeted health‐related concerns. In such cases, the expected life expectancy and the populations' quality of life do not necessarily present an issue of major interest. Other serious medical concerns of acute state often eclipse the need for long‐term health‐related investments, shifting the interest towards only direct interventions and short‐term planning.In conclusion, the emerging of sarcopenia as a serious age‐related concern is finding care providers and healthcare systems from lower and middle‐income countries (LMICs) unprepared. For the time being, it needs to be introduced and promoted in the developing world as a condition with direct life‐threatening implications. Simple and creative forms of approach should be ideated and implemented in both scientific and clinical contexts (by researchers and care providers, respectively). The best practice to address this situation would be by empowering intradisciplinary and interdisciplinary collaborations, as well as facilitating interconnections between researches, healthcare practitioners and clients. This should help establish sarcopenia as a serious age‐related condition that needs a multidisciplinary and multidimensional approach.
Prediction of serial perpetrator residence: Part I—Induction of models utilising spatio‐temporal routing functions and investigative information
Authors: Spaulding Jamie S. , Morris Keith B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article presents a new framework for the geographic profiling problem which assesses and integrates the travel environment of road networks; beliefs and assumptions formed through the investigation process about the perpetrator; and information derived from the analysis of evidence. Each piece of information is evaluated in conjunction with functions which gather real‐time travel information, including both time and distance of likely perpetrator travel, and is then used to update prior beliefs about the potential base of operation of the perpetrator. A novel approach was developed to generate geographic profiles given different amounts of information about the perpetrator: a centrographic strategy for when only the victim dump sites are known; a perpetrator trek strategy for instances where both victim encounter and dump sites are available; and a formal evidence‐driven model which leverages and integrates available information and evidence relevant to the case for the development of a geographic profile. A follow‐up article will evaluate these models through a comprehensive application to the Yorkshire Ripper investigation (see Part II).
Altered MUC1 epitope-specific CTLs: A potential target for immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Hong Jingwen , Guo Guoxiang , Wu Suxin , Lin Shengzhe , Zhou Zhifeng , Chen Shuping , Ye Chunmei , Li Jieyu , Lin Wansong , Ye Yunbin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe efficacy of conventional treatments for pancreatic cancer remains unsatisfactory, and immunotherapy is an emerging option for adjuvant treatment of this highly deadly disorder. The tumor-associated antigen (TAA) MUC1 is expressed in a variety of human cancers and is overexpressed in more than 90% of pancreatic cancer, which makes it an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. As a self-protein, MUC1 shows a low immunogenicity because of immune tolerance, and the most effective approach to breaking immune tolerance is alteration of the antigen structure. In this study, the altered MUC11068-1076Y1 epitope (YLQRDISEM) by modification of amino acid residues in sequences presented a higher immunogenicity and elicited more CTLs relative to the wild-type (WT) MUC11068-1076 epitope (ELQRDISEM). In addition, the altered MUC11068-1076Y1 epitope was found to cross-recognize pancreatic cancer cells expressing WT MUC1 peptides in an HLA-A0201-restricted manner and trigger stronger immune responses against pancreatic cancer via the perforin/granzyme apoptosis pathway. As a potential HLA-A0201-restricted CTL epitope, the altered MUC11068-1076Y1 epitope is considered as a promising target for immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer. Alteration of epitope residues may be feasible to solve the problem of the low immunogenicity of TAA and break immune tolerance to induce immune responses against human cancers.
Synthesizing of concentric circular antenna arrays by using a combination of ant lion optimizer and sequential quadratic programming
Authors: Taser Ahmet Emre , Guney Kerim , Kurt Erhan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAntenna array synthesis is quite a popular topic in electromagnetics and finding suitable array parameter values is a challenging nonlinear engineering problem in this field. In recent years, it has been realized that optimization algorithms can be used to achieve desired solutions in this area. Besides, improvements in the optimization algorithms make it possible to perform synthesis processes on different array structures and to obtain better results. In this paper, a method based on a combination of ant lion optimizer (ALO) and sequential quadratic programming (SQP) is proposed for the concentric circular antenna array (CCAA) synthesis. Excitation amplitudes of array elements are optimized for CCAAs with low maximum sidelobe level (MSL), narrow first null beamwidth (FNBW), and low dynamic range ratio (DRR). The results of proposed ALO‐SQP method are compared with those of 11 different algorithms: ALO, moth flame optimizer (MFO), SQP, symbiotic organisms search (SOS), biogeography based optimization (BBO), opposition‐based gravitational search algorithm (OGSA), cat swarm optimization (CSO), firefly algorithm (FA), evolutionary programming (EP), backtracking search optimization algorithm (BSA), and seeker optimization algorithm (SOA). The comparisons indicate that the CCAAs synthesis using the proposed method presents good MSLs, FNBWs, and DRRs.
Aflatoxins in food systems: recent advances in toxicology, biosynthesis, regulation and mitigation through green nanoformulations
Authors: Tiwari Shikha , Singh Bijendra Kumar , Dubey Nawal Kishore 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAflatoxins are hepatocarcinogenic and immunosuppressive mycotoxins mainly synthesized by Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus and A. nomius in food systems, causing negative health impacts to humans and other organisms. Aflatoxins contaminate most of the agri‐products of tropical and subtropical regions due to hot and humid conditions and persist in food items even after food processing steps, causing major threat towards the food security. Different physical and chemical strategies have been applied to mitigate aflatoxin contamination. However, negative impacts of chemical preservatives towards health and environment limit their practical applicability. In this regard, plant‐based preservatives, due to their economical, eco‐friendly and safer profile, are considered as a sustainable approach towards food safety. Incorporation of nanotechnology would enhance the bio‐efficacy of green preservatives by overcoming some of their major challenges, such as volatility. The present review deals with recent information on toxicology and molecular and enzymatic regulatory pathways in the biosynthesis of aflatoxins in food systems. A proper understanding of the role of different genes and regulatory proteins may provide novel preventive strategies for aflatoxin detoxification and also in development of aflatoxin‐resistant food items. The review also emphasizes the role of green nanoformulations as a sustainable approach towards the management of aflatoxins in food systems. In addition, some technological challenges of green nanotechnology have also been discussed in this review, along with highlighting some future perspectives. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Symptom Localization May Differentiate Subtypes of Eustachian Tube Dysfunction
Authors: Parsel Sean M , Moxley Erika M , Navarro Alvaro I , Kattar Nrusheel , Barton Blair M , McCoul Edward D 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the predictive ability of symptom self‐localization to distinguish obstructive eustachian tube dysfunction from non‐obstructive salpingitis.MethodsAdult (age ≥18 years) patients with a primary complaint of aural discomfort who underwent diagnostic nasal endoscopy and tympanometry at a tertiary academic center were enrolled. Symptoms were self‐localized by using a single finger on the affected side. All patients completed the 7‐item Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ‐7) and underwent scoring of eustachian tube inflammation using the Endoscopic Evaluation of the Eustachian Tube (3ET) system.ResultsSeventy‐three patients were included in the study. Symptoms were localized to the external auditory canal (EAC) in 28 (38.4%), to the infratemporal fossa (ITF) below the lobule in 37 (50.7%), and to the preauricular region in 8 (11.0%). Demographics and medical history were similar between groups. The EAC group had significantly more negative tympanometric peak pressure (TPP) (median, −92.0 daPa; IQR, 95.5) and higher 3ET scores. In contrast, the ITF group had normal TPP (median, −2.0 daPa; IQR, 7.0) and higher 3ET scores. The preauricular group was more likely to have temporomandibular joint or pterygoid muscle pain. ETDQ‐7 scores did not differ significantly between groups.ConclusionSymptom localization is associated with specific objective findings in the evaluation of aural discomfort. Patients with pain localizing to the ITF are more likely to have findings of eustachian tube salpingitis without obstruction whereas patients with symptoms deep in the EAC are more likely to have findings consistent with obstructive eustachian tube dysfunction.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:1818–1823, 2023
The effect of oral nutrition supplements and appetite stimulants on weight status among pediatric cancer patients: A systematic review
Authors: Hawes Corey , Gomes Alison , Byham‐Gray Laura , Henderson Stephanie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to identify the use and impact of oral nutrition supplements (ONSs) and appetite stimulants on weight status among pediatric patients diagnosed with malignancy. We performed a literature search of trials using Medline PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and included all prospective studies except review articles and case‐reports/series that assessed ONSs or appetite stimulants among patients (0–20 years old) diagnosed with a pediatric malignancy. Databases were searched through May 17, 2022. There were six trials included with three studies related to ONS and the remaining on appetite stimulants. No studies that compared both ONS and appetite stimulants were found. To assess quality, we used the Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions and the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials depending on the study design. The studies all had pediatric patients diagnosed with a variety of malignancy types. All studies demonstrated improvement of weight status in the treatment group across various malignancy types. However, none of the studies addressed nutrition intakes outside of ONS consumption, compliance to ONSs, or frequency of ONS use. Despite the short durations (3–6 months) and significant differences in the timing of intervention initiation (ONS or appetite stimulants), these treatment modalities can improve weight status. Further research is needed to identify the best intervention for improving weight status.
Proteome and phosphoproteome profiling of non‐small cell lung cancer cell line A549 treated with TRAIL
Authors: Zhong Yi , Yang Fen , Su Tao , Wu Xiyu , Zheng Wen , Zhang Lu , Liang Ge , Wang Lian , Wang Lijun , Wang Shisheng , Yang Hao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) is recognized for its promising therapeutic effects against cancer. However, mechanisms underlying the effect of TRAIL on protein expression, signal transduction, and apoptosis induction remain unclear. We surmised that a systematic analysis of the proteome and phosphoproteome associated with TRAIL signaling may help elucidate the mechanisms involved and facilitate the development of therapeutics. Therefore, we investigated the proteome and phosphoproteome of non‐small cell lung cancer cell line A549 treated with TRAIL. Our results indicated that 126 proteins and 1684 phosphosites were markedly differentially expressed between the phosphate‐buffered saline‐ and TRAIL‐treated groups. The expression at protein and phosphosite levels were not completely consistent. Gene ontology functional analysis revealed that metal ion (zinc) binding was highly affected by TRAIL treatment. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed that almost all pathways that involved differentially expressed phosphosites were associated with apoptosis. We also identified an important kinase, AKT1, and its series of substrates in TRAIL signaling. The results of this study may provide guidance for future research on tumor therapy using TRAIL.
Hydrothermally Grown Zinc Oxide Nanostructures@Carbon Composites for Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Gupta Manish Kumar , Kumar Yogesh , Sonnathi Neeleshwar , Sharma Sanjay Kumar 
Published: October 2022

A simple approach for growing porous nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) and making its well‐dispersed nanocomposite with activated carbon (AC) is demonstrated. Synthesis is done hydrothermally at 140 °C for 10 hours. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements confirm the formation of crystalline ZnO nanoparticles with flower‐shaped morphology comprising clusters of nanopetals. ZnO and its composite with AC are used to fabricate symmetric hybrid supercapacitors. The electrochemical performance of ZnO electrode is compared to ZnO–AC composite electrode using 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. The electrochemical performance evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) demonstrates enhanced charge storage in ZnO–AC electrodes. The specific capacitance values of ZnO and ZnO–AC‐based electrodes are found to be 214 and 298 F g−1 respectively at a current density of 1 A g−1 and the energy densities are 29.72 and 48.39 Wh kg−1 respectively at power density of 1 kW kg−1. The porous space between ZnO nanopetals and its high surface area geometry coupled with complementing properties of AC seems to facilitate a synergistic effect between ZnO's faradaic and AC's electric double‐layer charge storage mechanisms, thus leading to enhanced specific capacitance with superior performance.
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials related to the effects of garlic supplementation on platelet aggregation
Authors: Mollahosseini Mehdi , Hosseini‐Marnani Elham , Panjeshahin Asieh , Panbehkar‐Jouybari Monireh , Gheflati Alireza , Mozaffari‐Khosravi Hassan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe increment of platelet aggregation factors has been considered a key phenomenon in atherosclerosis. Studies have shown that garlic (Allium sativum) is associated with a reduction in platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Hence, the present systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effect of garlic on platelet aggregation. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with keywords related to garlic and platelet aggregation were thoroughly searched in electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to January 2021. Moreover, the references of all related articles were screened to discover more relevant studies. The quality of each study was reported based on Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. In total, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria from 18,235 identified articles (including 595 participants). Most of the studies assessed platelet aggregation in response to different inducers. Of the 12 clinical trials, six studies depicted the beneficial effect of garlic on reducing platelet aggregation. The summary of the quality assessment indicated that most of the studies had high‐quality scores. Regarding the small number of RCTs and heterogeneity between studies, it is impossible to make a proper conclusion about the impacts of garlic on platelet aggregation. Therefore, further precise trials with a standard design are necessary to validate the anti‐thrombotic effect of garlic.
Pharmacokinetic of berberine, the main constituent of Berberis vulgaris L.: A comprehensive review
Authors: Khoshandam Arian , Imenshahidi Mohsen , Hosseinzadeh Hossein 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBarberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) is a medicinal plant and its main constituent is an isoquinoline alkaloid named berberine that has multiple pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti‐microbial, antiinflammatory, anticancer, anti‐diabetes, anti‐dyslipidemia, and anti‐obesity. However, it has restricted clinical uses due to its very poor solubility and bioavailability (less than 1%). It undergoes demethylenation, reduction, and cleavage of the dioxymethylene group in the first phase of metabolism. Its phase two reactions include glucuronidation, sulfation, and methylation. The liver is the main site for berberine distribution. Berberine could excrete in feces, urine, and bile. Fecal excretion of berberine (11–23%) is higher than urinary and biliary excretion routes. However, a major berberine metabolite is excreted in urine greater than in feces. Concomitant administration of berberine with other drugs such as metformin, cyclosporine A, digoxin, etc. may result in important interactions. Thus, in this review, we gathered and dissected any related animal and human research articles regarding the pharmacokinetic parameters of berberine including bioavailability, metabolism, distribution, excretion, and drug–drug interactions. Also, we discussed and gathered various animal and human studies regarding the developed products of berberine with better bioavailability and consequently, better therapeutic effects.
Quercetin inhibits the amphiregulin/EGFR signaling‐mediated renal tubular epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy
Authors: Wang Qi , Wang Fuqiang , Li Xiangze , Ma Zhi , Jiang Dapeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractQuercetin is a widely distributed, bioactive flavonoid compound, which displays potential to inhibit fibrosis in several diseases. The purpose of our study was to determine the effect of quercetin treatment on renal fibrosis and investigate the mechanism. Human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK‐2) stimulated by transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) and a rat model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) that contributes to fibrosis were used to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of quercetin. PD153035 (N‐[3‐Bromophenyl]‐6,7‐dimethoxyquinazolin‐4‐amine) was used to inactivate EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor). The level of fibrosis, proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in HK‐2 were measured. All data are presented as means ± standard deviation (SD). p‐value < .05 was considered statistically significant. In UUO rats, quercetin reduced the area of fibrosis as well as inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis. In cultured HK‐2 cells, quercetin significantly ameliorated the EMT induced by TGF‐β1, which was accompanied by increased amphiregulin (AREG) expression. Moreover, quercetin inhibited AREG binding to the EGFR receptor, thereby further affecting other downstream pathways. Quercetin may alleviate fibrosis in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the activation of AREG/EGFR signaling indicating a potential therapeutic effect of quercetin in renal fibrosis.
Paeoniflorin‐6′‐O‐benzene sulfonate protected the intestinal epithelial barrier by restoring the inhibitory effect of GRK2 and β‐arrestin 2 on ERK1/2‐NF‐κB
Authors: Jiang Mengya , Tang Caihong , Yang Mei , Li Ying , Wang Wu , Wang Chun , Wei Wei , Chen Jingyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPeoniflorin‐6′‐O‐benzene sulfonate (CP‐25) inhibited the activity of GRK2 to exert anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CP‐25 the intestinal epithelial barrier and the mechanism. CaCO‐2 cell monolayer and dextran sulfate salt (DSS)‐induced colitis mouse model was used to evaluate intestinal epithelial barrier function in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Results showed that CP‐25 prevented dysfunction of the intestinal epithelial barrier and inhibited NF‐κB p65 activation in TNF‐α‐induced CaCO‐2 cells. The colon structure destroyed in DSS‐induced colitis mice was improved by CP‐25. CP‐25 has a role in inhibition membrane translocation of GRK2‐β‐arrestin 2 complex, stabilization of the binding of GRK2 and β‐arrestin 2 to ERK1/2 in cytoplasm. Subsequently down‐regulated the nuclear transcription and transactivation of NF‐κB p65 via inhibiting its phosphorylation of Ser536, and Ser276, respectively and restored the epithelial barrier function. In conclusion, CP‐25 inhibited ERK1/2‐NF‐κB activation and thereby protected the intestinal epithelial barrier, which was associated with restoring the inhibition of GRK2 and β‐arrestin 2 on ERK1/2.