bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous TightRope® System Fixation for an Unstable Posterior Pelvic Ring: Clinical Follow‐up and Biomechanical Studies
Authors: Gu Feng , Zhang Jiting , Sui Zhenjiang , Zhang Ke , Xie Xiaoping , Yu Tiecheng 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the mechanical stability and clinical efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous TightRope® systems applied via gun‐shaped reduction forceps for unstable posterior pelvic ring fractures.Materials and methodsThis study consists of two parts: a clinical retrospective study and a randomized controlled biomechanical test. For the clinical study, a retrospective analysis of posterior pelvic ring fractures was performed between June 2015 and May 2020. Eighteen patients underwent surgery using two TightRope® systems to fix a broken posterior pelvic ring because of unstable AO type C1 and C2 pelvic ring fractures. The patients were followed up for at least 2 years, and all patients were evaluated using the Majeed scoring system and vertical displacement. In the biomechanical tests, six embalmed adult pelvic specimens were used. The fractures were subjected to TightRope®, IS screw, and TBP fixation in a randomized block design. The specimens were placed in a biomechanical testing machine in a standing neutral posture. A cyclic vertical load of up to 500 N was applied, and the displacement of the specimens was recorded by the testing machine. The ultimate load in each group of specimens was recorded. The displacement and ultimate load were compared and analyzed by statistical methods.ResultsAt a mean follow‐up of 38.89 ± 8.72 months, the functional Majeed score was excellent in 14 patients and good in four patients. The final radiological examinations showed that the outcome was excellent in 14 patients and good in four patients. In these patients, no serious clinical complications were found. Weight‐bearing was delayed in four patients. In biomechanical tests, the displacement of the specimens fixed with TightRope® was significantly lower than that of the specimens fixed with TBP (P < 0.05) when the load ranged from 300 to 500 N. The displacement in the IS screw group was significantly lower than that in either the TBP or TightRope® group (P < 0.05) when the load ranged from 0 to 500 N. The ultimate load in the IS screw group (1798 ± 83.53 N) was significantly greater than that in the TBP group (1352 ± 74.41 N) (t = 9.78, P < 0.0001) and the TightRope® group (1347 ± 54.28 N) (t = 11.11, P < 0.0001). However, no significant difference was observed between the TightRope® and TBP groups (t = 0.13, P = 0.90).ConclusionPercutaneous posterior TightRope® system shows strong stability in mechanical experiments and shows good results in clinical follow‐up while this system has certain advantages in lower surgical requirements and lower risk of related nerve and vascular structural damage.
The matricellular protein decorin delivered intradermally with coacervate improves wound resolution in the CXCR3‐deficient mouse model of hypertrophic scarring
Authors: Sylakowski Kyle , Hwang Mintai Peter , Justin Amritha , Whaley Diana , Wang Yadong , Wells Alan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCutaneous wound healing is an intricate orchestration of three overlapping phases of repair that encompass numerous cell types, signalling cascades, and microenvironment modifications to reach a successful resolution. Disruption of any of these steps will create an abnormal healing response resulting in either ulceration or excessive scarring. It has become evident that the extracellular matrix and its associated components are key orchestrators during this process. One of these essential matrix proteins is decorin, a small leucine‐rich proteoglycan (SLRP) that acts as a regulator of collagen fibrillogenesis and a non‐competitive inhibitor of multiple growth factors signalling cascades. Decorin is a necessary shut‐off switch for the pro‐reparative mechanism of the tissue replacement phase and limits the occurrence of hypertrophic scarring by preventing excessive repair. We investigated the use of decorin as a therapeutic by administering the matrix protein anchored in a slow‐release coacervate in a hypertrophic scarring mouse model. The results show that early wound healing phase measurements exhibit little difference in performance compared to our coacervate‐only baseline or HB‐EGF‐treated control mice. However, during the resolution phase of wound healing, the decorin‐treatment significantly reduces cutaneous thickness, enhances collagen alignment, and improves overall wound scoring in the mice. Thus, mice treated with decorin display better healing outcomes and could limit the hypertrophic scarring phenotype in the coacervate only, and HB‐EGF controls. These results suggest that decorin may be a promising tool and alternative therapy for patients who suffer from over‐exuberant matrix deposition during wound healing.
Commentary on achievement of first life‐saving xenoheart transplant
Authors: Rothblatt Martine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTwo months of post‐transplant survival were achieved in an end‐stage heart disease patient with a porcine heart from a pig whose genome had been modified in 10 of its genes. This first‐ever life‐saving cardiac xenotransplantation was the result of decades of work and close coordination by researchers in genetic engineering, animal cloning, immunology, ex vivo organ perfusion, and thoracic surgery.
Thermal and compositional anomalies in a detailed xenolith-based lithospheric mantle profile of the Siberian craton and the origin of seismic midlithosphere discontinuities
Authors: Liu Zhe , Ionov Dmitri A. , Nimis Paolo , Xu Yigang , He Pengli , Golovin Alexander V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The fine structure and thermal state of &gt;200-km-thick cratonic lithosphere remain poorly explored because of insufficient sampling and uncertainties in pressure (P) and temperature (T) estimates. We report exceptionally detailed thermal and compositional profiles of the continental lithospheric mantle (CLM) in the Siberian craton based on petrographic, in situ chemical, and P-T data for 92 new garnet peridotite xenoliths from the Udachnaya kimberlite, as well as literature data. The thermal profile is complex, with samples indicating model conductive geotherms between 40 and 35 mW/m2 at ~55–130 km, colder (35 mW/m2 geotherm) mantle from 140 to 190 km, and hotter layers at the CLM base (190–230 km) and at ~135 km. The latter, previously unidentified, anomalous midlithospheric horizon has rocks up to 150 °C hotter than the 35 mW/m2 geotherm, that are rich in garnet and clinopyroxene, have low Mg#, and have melt-equilibrated rare earth element patterns. We posit that this horizon formed in a depth range where ascending melts stall (e.g., via loss of volatiles and redox change), heat wall-rock harzburgites, and transform them to lherzolites or wehrlites. This may explain some seismic midlithosphere discontinuities (MLDs) in cratons. By contrast, we found no rocks rich in metasomatic volatile-rich amphibole, phlogopite, or carbonate matching the MLD, nor layers composed of peridotites with distinct melt-extraction degrees. The CLM below 190 km contains both coarse and variably deformed rocks heated and reworked (Mg#Ol down to 0.86) by localized lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction.
Distinct Urinary Metabolic Biomarkers of Human Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhu Chang , Huang Fengjie , Li Yang , Zhu Chaowei , Zhou Kejun , Xie Haihui , Xia Ligang , Xie Guoxiang 
Published: April 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers with high mortality rate due to its poor diagnosis in the early stage. Here, we report a urinary metabolomic study on a cohort of CRC patients (

n

=67) and healthy controls (

n

=21) using ultraperformance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Pathway analysis showed that a series of pathways that belong to amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and lipid metabolism were dysregulated, for instance the glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, glycolysis, and TCA cycle. A total of 48 differential metabolites were identified in CRC compared to controls. A panel of 12 biomarkers composed of chenodeoxycholic acid, vanillic acid, adenosine monophosphate, glycolic acid, histidine, azelaic acid, hydroxypropionic acid, glycine, 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, oxoglutaric acid, and homocitrulline were identified by Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Boruta analysis classification model and validated by Gradient Boosting (GB), Logistic Regression (LR), and Random Forest diagnostic model, which were able to discriminate CRC subjects from healthy controls. These urinary metabolic biomarkers provided a novel and promising molecular approach for the early diagnosis of CRC.
Combining Targeted Radionuclide Therapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibition for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Kleinendorst Simone C. , Oosterwijk Egbert , Bussink Johan , Westdorp Harm , Konijnenberg Mark W. , Heskamp Sandra 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe development of immunotherapy, in particular immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), has revolutionized cancer treatment in the past decades. However, its efficacy is still limited to subgroups of patients with cancer. Therefore, effective treatment combination strategies are needed. Here, radiotherapy is highly promising, as it can induce immunogenic cell death, triggering the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby creating an immunogenic phenotype and sensitizing tumors to ICI. Recently, targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) has attained significant interest for cancer treatment. In this approach, a tumor-targeting radiopharmaceutical is used to specifically deliver a therapeutic radiation dose to all tumor cells, including distant metastatic lesions, while limiting radiation exposure to healthy tissue. However, fundamental differences between TRT and conventional radiotherapy make it impossible to directly extrapolate the biological effects from conventional radiotherapy to TRT. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of studies investigating the immunomodulatory effects of TRT and the efficacy of combined TRT-ICI treatment. Preclinical studies have evaluated a variety of murine cancer models in which α- or β-emitting radionuclides were directed to a diverse set of targets. In addition, clinical trials are ongoing to assess safety and efficacy of combined TRT-ICI in patients with cancer. Taken together, research indicates that combining TRT and ICI might improve therapeutic response in patients with cancer. Future research has to disclose what the optimal conditions are in terms of dose and treatment schedule to maximize the efficacy of this combined approach.
A estrutura básica como objeto da justiça: liberdades básicas e as bases sociais do autorrespeito
Authors: Werle Denílson Luis 
Published: April 2022

O artigo parte do pressuposto de que para fazer um diagnóstico das injustiças, vulnerabilidades e carências das pessoas uma teoria crítica da justiça deve tomar como ponto de partida a posição real das pessoas no mundo, seus contextos de socialização e suas relações sociais de interdependência. Para isso, o objeto primário de uma teoria da justiça não deve ser diretamente os indivíduos e suas capacidades, mas sim a estrutura básica da sociedade, formada pelas principais instituições sociais, econômicas e políticas, isto é, os contextos intersubjetivos das relações interpessoais de cooperação social e de socialização que são determinantes na vida concreta das pessoas e principalmente na realização igual de suas liberdades e na formação do sentido interno do que significa ser autônomo.
Plasma Total Homocysteine Level Is Related to Unfavorable Outcomes in Ischemic Stroke With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Nam Ki‐Woong , Kim Chi Kyung , Yu Sungwook , Oh Kyungmi , Chung Jong‐Won , Bang Oh Young , Kim Gyeong‐Moon , Jung Jin‐Man , Song Tae‐Jin , Kim Yong‐Jae , Kim Bum Joon , Heo Sung Hyuk , Park Kwang‐Yeol , Kim Jeong‐Min , Park Jong‐Ho , Choi Jay Chol , Park Man‐Seok , Kim Joon‐Tae , Choi Kang‐Ho , Hwang Yang Ha , Seo Woo‐Keun 
Published: April 2022

Background
Unlike patients with stroke caused by other mechanisms, the effect of elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) on the prognosis of patients with both ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation (AF) is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the association between tHcy level and the functional outcome of patients with AF‐related stroke.

Methods and Results
We included consecutive patients with AF‐related stroke between 2013 and 2015 from the registry of a real‐world prospective cohort from 11 large centers in South Korea. A 3‐month modified Rankin Scale score ≥3 was considered an unfavorable outcome. Since tHcy is strongly affected by renal function, we performed a subgroup analysis according to the presence of renal dysfunction. A total of 910 patients with AF‐related stroke were evaluated (mean age, 73 years; male sex, 56.0%). The mean tHcy level was 11.98±8.81 μmol/L. In multivariable analysis, the tHcy level (adjusted odds ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01–1.07, per 1 μmol/L) remained significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes. In the subgroup analysis based on renal function, tHcy values above the cutoff point (≥14.60 μmol/L) showed a close association with the unfavorable outcome only in the normal renal function group (adjusted odds ratio, 3.10; 95% CI, 1.60–6.01). In patients with renal dysfunction, tHcy was not significantly associated with the prognosis of AF‐related stroke.

Conclusions
A higher plasma tHcy level was associated with unfavorable outcomes in patients with AF‐related stroke. This positive association may vary according to renal function but needs to be verified in further studies.
Effect of Sacubitril/Valsartan on the Right Ventricular Function and Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Zhang Jing , Du Le , Qin Xiaohan , Guo Xiaoxiao 
Published: April 2022

Background
Sacubitril/valsartan (S/V) demonstrated significant effects in improving left ventricular performance and remodeling in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. However, its effects on the right ventricle remain unclear. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to assess the impact of S/V on right ventricular function and pulmonary hypertension.

Methods and Results

We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from January 2010 to April 2021 for studies reporting right ventricular and pulmonary pressure indexes following S/V treatment. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale. Variables were pooled using a random‐effects model to estimate weighted mean differences with 95% CIs. We identified 10 eligible studies comprising 875 patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (mean age, 62.2 years; 74.0% men), all of which were observational. Significant improvements on right ventricular function and pulmonary hypertension after S/V initiation were observed, including tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (weighted mean difference, 1.26 mm; 95% CI, 0.33–2.18 mm;
P
=0.008), tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity (weighted mean difference, 0.85 cm/s; 95% CI, 0.25–1.45 cm/s;
P
=0.005), and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (weighted mean difference, 7.21 mm Hg; 95% CI, 5.38–9.03 mm Hg;
P
<0.001). Besides, S/V had a significant beneficial impact on left heart function, which was consistent with previous studies. The quadratic regression model revealed a certain correlation between tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and left ventricular ejection fraction after excluding the inappropriate data (
P
=0.026).

Conclusions
This meta‐analysis verified that S/V could improve right ventricular performance and pulmonary hypertension in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, which did not seem to be fully dependent on the reverse remodeling of left ventricle.

Registration

URL:
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero
; Unique identifier: CRD42021247970.
Hidden pressure: the effects of politicians on projects of collaborative innovation
Authors: Van Dijck Charlotte , Steen Trui 
Published: April 2022

Collaborative innovation is increasingly put forward as a way of addressing the many wicked problems our society faces today. This article focuses on how politicians indirectly affect projects of collaborative innovation and whether stakeholders experience them as helpful or hindering to the project. The impact of politicians on projects of collaborative innovation are compared across four cases and throughout three project phases (set-up, implementation and sustainment). The results show six ways in which politicians can help projects of collaborative innovation: by providing funding, by making a project a political priority, by connecting stakeholders, by resolving stakeholder conflicts, by unblocking red tape barriers and by extending a collaborative network legitimacy. Furthermore, stakeholders perceived politicians as potentially hindering collaborative innovation projects in three ways: through the adjustment of the project goals, through the loss of a project’s ‘neutral’ status and through blocking or obstructing a project. Points for practitioners One important point to take away for practitioners is that there appears to be a strong focus among stakeholders on the potentially hindering effects of politicians on collaborative innovation projects (CIPs). Yet, across the four cases, the positive impact of political support played a bigger role. While some of these findings can be case specific, it shows that public servants may benefit from being more open-minded about the potentially positive impact of politicians on CIPs.
Pain and Dysphagia in Patients with Squamous Carcinomas of the Head and Neck: The Role of Perineural Spread
Authors: Carter R L , Pittam M R , Tanner N S B 
Published: April 2022

Clinical and pathological features of perineural spread have been investigated in patients with squamous carcinomas at several sites in the head and neck. In 100 surgical cases, the clinical and pathological findings were congruent in 76%. Combined clinical and histological evidence of perineural invasion was recorded in 33% and the overall incidence of nerve involvement detected morphologically was 44%. Perineural infiltration was demonstrated histologically in 51% of major excisions from the buccal cavity and in 34% of resections from the oropharynx, hypopharynx and cervical oesophagus. The neurological findings were dominated by hypoaesthesia, dysaesthesia and referred pain — Mainly in the territories of cranial nerves V and IX. Multiple and/or sequential nerve involvement was occasionally seen. No correlation was established between nerve invasion and metastasis to regional lymph nodes. Long-distance infiltration of nerve trunks, and multiple involvement, are grave prognostic features. In 17 terminal patients submitted to autopsy, 65% had combined clinical and pathological evidence of perineural spread and the overall incidence of nerve involvement detected morphologically was 88%. Sensory changes again predominated. Multiple nerve involvement was observed in 35%. An apparently new ‘dysphagia syndrome’ is described in 4 patients with oropharyngeal carcinomas in whom gross mechanical obstruction was simulated by a combination of perineural spread of tumour into the ipsilateral vagal trunk, sometimes accompanied by segmental infarction, variable invasion of the sympathetic chain, and ‘splinting’ of the pharynx by local fibrosis and tumour in the soft tissues of the neck. Short-term palliation was achieved in these patients with high-dose steroids.
Evaluating Health Education in Asthma — Developing the Methodology: Preliminary Communication
Authors: Hilton Sean , Sibbald Bonnie , Anderson H Ross , Freeling Paul 
Published: April 2022

The results are reported of a preliminary study to a controlled trial evaluating health education in asthma. A questionnaire designed to assess asthma morbidity in the previous twelve months and knowledge of the condition was administered to 50 asthma patients. An independent assessment of morbidity was made by the patient's general practitioners, utilizing case notes and their knowledge of the patients. For each aspect of morbidity, ‘severe’ asthma as assessed by doctors tended to be associated with increasing disability on questionnaire assessment. Overall, questionnaire ‘morbidity scores’ were significantly higher in the doctors' ‘severe’ group. Patients' level of knowledge was low, but no significant correlation was found between patients' level of knowledge and level of morbidity. The findings suggest that there is a need for health education in asthma, and that the questionnaire used is a valid tool for measuring the impact of such education on patients' morbidity. An outline of the controlled trial for evaluation of health education is given.
The enrich marital satisfaction scale: Adaptation and psychometric properties among at-risk and community Portuguese parents
Authors: Nunes Cristina , Ferreira Laura I. , Martins Cátia , Pechorro Pedro , Ayala-Nunes Lara 
Published: April 2022

Marital satisfaction is a multidimensional construct that encompasses the satisfaction with marital interactions and with the emotional and the practical aspects of marriage. Marital satisfaction has a great impact on personal well-being and affects the family as a whole; low marital satisfaction has been associated with unhappiness and with higher divorce rates. Furthermore, marital satisfaction is related with family functioning and is an indicator of the quality of the parenting relationship. The Enrich Marital Satisfaction (EMS) scale is a two-factor and 15-items self-report measure that assesses satisfaction with the marital relationship. This study analysed the psychometric properties of the EMS among two samples: at-risk ( N = 273, M = 37.05 years, 82.05% women) and community ( N = 205, M = 38.38 years, 52.2% women) Portuguese parents. Participants completed the EMS and measures of parenting sense of competence, parenting stress, and parenting alliance. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the revised two-factor model obtained the best fit, after removing a few items. Measurement invariance across the two samples was demonstrated. The EMS showed good psychometric properties, namely internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity. The EMS is a time-efficient tool for both researchers and practitioners who need to assess marital satisfaction, a relevant dimension for family functioning and parenting.