bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visible-Light-Mediated Organophotocatalyzed C(sp3)–H Activation and Intramolecular Cyclization
Authors: Sureshkumar Devarajulu , Ghosh Krishna G. , Pal Koustav , Das Debabrata , Chandu Palasetty 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA metal-free approach for C(sp3)–H activation followed by an intramolecular Giese reaction to construct a wide range of cyclic ether scaffolds of various ring sizes under environmentally benign and straightforward conditions is reported. An easily prepared pyrylium salt is employed as an organophotocatalyst for this visible-light-driven, highly atom-economical (PMI = 64.34 g/g for a 0.2 mmol scale), cost-effective, and chemoselective transformation. The reported method has a broad functional-group tolerance, resulting in good-quality products. Furthermore, downstream functionalizations of a product and a gram-scale synthesis (PMI = 17.41 g/g for a 10 mmol scale) are demonstrated, highlighting our method’s advantages.
Cerebral Venous Sinus Stenting for the Treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in a Child
Authors: Rodrigues Leonardo Henrique da Silva , Aguiar Guilherme Brasileiro de , Torres Hélio Henrique Jorge , Xander Paulo Adolfo Wessel , Assunção Fernanda Boldrini , Scoppetta Thiago Luiz Pereira Donoso , Jory Mauricio , Veiga José Carlos Esteves , Conti Mario Luiz Marques 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disease characterized by an increase in the opening pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) associated with symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). The condition is more prevalent in women and typically managed clinically. Surgical treatment is reserved for select refractory cases. The well-established surgical procedures for the management of IIH are CSF shunting and fenestration of the optic nerve sheath. These procedures, however, are associated with high rates of complication and recurrence.More recently, venous sinus angioplasty with stents has been employed in cases with documented narrowing of the sigmoid-transverse sinuses. This technique is associated with a significant reduction in the venous pressure gradient at the stenosis site, alleviating the symptoms of intracranial hypertension.We report a case of a previously healthy 12-year-old patient who presented with 10-day history of headaches, blurring of vision, nausea and vomiting, which evolved with worsening of the visual acuity and papilledema. Imaging scans disclosed stenosis of the right transverse and sigmoid sinuses. The patient underwent stenting of the stenotic venous segments and showed good evolution, with significant clinical improvement within 24 hours of the procedure.
Enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica y sexualidad
Authors: Galvis-Acevedo Sebastián , Rivas-Escobar Daniela , Arias-Castillo Liliana , García-Perdomo Herney Andrés 
Published: September 2022

ResumenLa enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica es la primera causa de muerte en todo el mundo, y la principal causa de años de vida perdidos por discapacidad (AVADs) en los adultos. Sus factores de riesgo son muy prevalentes en la población, y su ocurrencia se ha asociado con disfunción sexual tanto en hombres como en mujeres, debido a que comparten un mecanismo fisiopatológico similar en el caso de la disfunción eréctil en los hombres y potencialmente en la disfunción sexual femenina. Además, los trastornos mentales asociados (principalmente ansiedad y depresión) y los efectos adversos de los medicamentos antihipertensivos y antidepresivos también contribuyen a las disfunciones sexuales. Por otro lado, los inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa 5 (iFDE5s) han demostrado seguridad y beneficios cardiovasculares en los hombres, y en las mujeres hay evidencia creciente de su utilidad en las disfunciones sexuales. En esta revisión, se presentan las implicaciones de la enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica y su tratamiento en la vida sexual de hombres y mujeres, los efectos cardiovasculares de los tratamientos de las disfunciones sexuales, y la consejería a los pacientes.
Applications of Alternating Current/Alternating Potential Electro­lysis in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Hilt Gerhard , Jamshidi Mahdi , Fastie Cornelius 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis review summarises the rarely used method of alternating current electrolysis for the synthesis of organic products. Different waveforms have been investigated which opens the possibility for further influence the outcome of the electrolysis by variation of the frequency as well as the highest peak current. In recent years alternating current electrolysis has been applied in increasingly more complex transformations. Especially the functionalisation of (hetero)arenes, functional group manipulation, metathesis reactions, and transition-metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions were reported in recent years and the results of these and some other investigations are summarized in this review article.1	Introduction1.1	Waveforms1.2	Objectives1.3	Early Examples of the Optimisation of Alternating Current Electrolysis2	Recent Applications of Alternating Current Electrolysis for Organic Synthesis2.1	Substitution Reaction on Arenes2.2	Nitrogen–Sulfur Bond Formation and Sulfur–Sulfur Bond Metathesis2.3	Oxidation and Reduction2.4	Cross-Coupling Reactions2.5	Frequency Optimisation3	Conclusion
Recent Advances in [3+2]-Cycloaddition-Enabled
Cascade Reactions: Application to
Synthesize Complex Organic Frameworks
Authors: Erande Rohan D. , Shivam Shivam. , Chavan Kailas A. , Chauhan Amar N. S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMany natural products and biologically important complex organic scaffolds have convoluted structures around their core skeleton. Interestingly, with just changing the outskirts, the core reflects new and unique degrees of various physical and chemical properties. A very common but intriguing core is a five-membered ring horning heaps of organic molecules crafts. The power of [3+2] cycloaddition reactions to generate five-membered ring systems allocate chemists to envision synthetic procedures of wonder molecules and if it is facilitating a cascade sequence, then the end product will imbibe significant level of complexity having applications in medicinal and pharmaceutical fields. This Account highlights the broad interest in assembling recent advances in cascade reactions involving [3+2] cycloaddition as the power tool in order to conceive breakthrough organic architectures reported in the last ten years. We foresee that our comprehensive collection of astonishing [3+2] cycloaddition enabled cascades will provide valuable insights to polycyclic molecular construction and perseverant approach towards nonconventional synthetic procedures to the organic community.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of Oxindoles Skeleton3	Synthesis of Oxazoles Skeleton4	Synthesis of Oxadiazoles Skeleton5	Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles6	Synthesis via Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition7	Synthesis of Miscellaneous Scaffolds8	Conclusion
The Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of the BioFire FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel in Children: A Retrospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Bal Alkan , Saz Eylem Ulas , Arslan Sema Yildirim , Atik Sinem , Bayturan Semra , Yurtseven Ali , Gazi Hörü , Cicek Candan , Kurugol Zafer , Bal Zumrut Sahbudak 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) declined after implementing conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type B and the pneumococcal vaccines worldwide. However, it still contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. The Biofire FilmArray Meningitis Encephalitis (FAME) panel can rapidly diagnose common bacterial and viral pathogens. Several studies suggested that the use of FAME may accelerate diagnosis and decrease the time to pathogen-specific therapy. However, the clinical utility is still controversial due to scarce data and relatively high costs. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of FAME in children.
Methods A retrospective multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate FAME in diagnosing ABM in children with a suspected central nervous system infection between January 2017 and May 2021.
Results This study consisted of 179 children diagnosed with central nervous system infection who had parallel testing done using FAME and traditional microbiological diagnostic methods. Twenty-two FAME results were positive; 8 (36.3%) were bacterial pathogens and 14 (53.7%) were viral pathogens. The most common viral pathogen was human herpesvirus 6 (n  = 6; 27.2%), followed by herpes simplex virus 1 (n = 4; 18.1%), Enterovirus spp. (n = 2; 9%), Parechovirus (n = 2; 9%), and Cytomegalovirus (n = 1; 4.5%). Bacterial pathogens included S. pneumoniae (n = 3; 13.6%), H. influenzae (n = 3; 13.6%), Neisseria meningitidis (n = 1; 4.5%), and Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 1; 4.5%). Bacterial culture confirmed S. pneumoniae infection in only 1 of 8 (12.5%) patients, while 7 of 8 bacterial meningitis were only detected by FAME.
Conclusion FAME may also help with diagnosis and pathogen identification in patients who have already had antibiotics before cerebrospinal fluid collection. The use of FAME to detect infections quickly may minimize the improper use of medications, treatment duration, and the cost of hospitalization.
A new neutron time-of-flight detector for yield and ion-temperature measurements at the OMEGA Laser Facility
Authors: Glebov V. Yu. , Forrest C. J. , Kendrick J. , Knauer J. P. , Mannion O. M. , McClow H. , Regan S. P. , Stoeckl C. , Stanley B. , Theobald W. 
Published: September 2022

A new neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) detector for deuterium–deuterium (DD)-fusion yield and ion-temperature measurements was designed, installed, and calibrated for the OMEGA Laser Facility. This detector provides an additional line of sight for DD neutron yield and ion-temperature measurements for yields exceeding 1 × 1010 with higher precision than existing detectors. The nTOF detector consists of a 90-mm-diam, 20-mm-thick BC-422 scintillator and a gated Photek photomultiplier tube (PMT240). The PMT collects scintillating light through the 20-mm side of the scintillator without the use of a light guide. There is no lead shielding from hard x rays in order to allow the x-ray instrument response function of the detector to be measured easily. Instead, hard x-ray signals generated in implosion experiments are gated out by the PMT. The design provides a place for glass neutral-density filters between the scintillator and the PMT to avoid PMT saturation at high yields. The nTOF detector is installed in the OMEGA Target Bay along the P8A sub-port line of sight at a distance of 5.3 m from the target chamber center. In addition to DD measurements, the same detector can be used to measure the neutron yield and ion temperature from deuterium–tritium (DT) implosion targets in the 5 × 1010 to 2 × 1012 yield range. The design details and the calibration results of this nTOF detector for both D2 and DT implosions on OMEGA will be presented.
A PDE proof of the Penrose inequality for perturbations of Schwarzschild initial data
Authors: Williams Hollis 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The classical Penrose inequality relates the mass of an asymptotically flat spacetime to the total area of its black holes. We present a PDE-based proof of the Penrose inequality for a special class of perturbations of Schwarzschild initial data. The proof is based around linearising solutions to a version of the Jang equation which is modified to deal with warped product metrics. We discuss the possibility of generalising the argument to a wider class of perturbations.
Novel logarithmic corrections to black hole entropy
Authors: Ghosh Aritra , Mukherji Sudipta , Bhamidipati Chandrasekhar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
For a thermodynamic system, apart from thermal fluctuations, there are also fluctuations in thermodynamic volume when the system is in contact with a volume reservoir. For the case of black holes in anti-de Sitter spacetimes, the effect of thermal fluctuations on the entropy is well studied. The aim of this work is to compute novel logarithmic corrections to black hole entropy coming from simultaneous fluctuations of energy and thermodynamic volume. We work in the isothermal-isobaric ensemble and first obtain a general form of corrections to entropy which are valid for any thermodynamic system. Applying the formalism to Kerr black holes in AdS reveals that the black hole entropy gets corrected as:

S
=

S

0

−
k

ln

S

0

+
⋯

where S
0 is given by the Bekenstein–Hawking formula and k = −1. The same leading coefficient is also obtained in the canonical ensemble, i.e. by considering energy fluctuations alone. This coefficient is found to be unaltered in the slowly rotating and high temperature limits.
Matrix method for perturbed black hole metric with discontinuity
Authors: Shen Shui-Fa , Qian Wei-Liang , Lin Kai , Shao Cheng-Gang , Pan Yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Recent studies based on the notion of black hole pseudospectrum indicated substantial instability of the fundamental and high-overtone quasinormal modes (QNMs). Besides its theoretical novelty, the details about the migration of the QNM spectrum due to specific perturbations may furnish valuable information on the properties of associated gravitational waves in a more realistic context. This work generalizes the matrix method for black hole QNMs to cope with a specific class of perturbations to the metric featured by discontinuity, which is known to be intimately connected with the QNM structural instability. In practice, the presence of discontinuity poses a difficulty so that many well-known approaches for QNMs cannot be straightforwardly applied. By comparing with other methods, we show that the modified matrix method is efficient, which can be used to solve for the low-lying modes with reasonable precision. Therefore, it might serve as an alternative gadget for relevant studies.
Photoelectric characteristics of Al-doped ZnO/p-Si diode prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering
Authors: Lu Xiao-Ling , Guo Xiao-Bin , Su Feng-Chao , Qiu Wen-Hai , Su Zheng , Li Jun , Li Wen-Hua , Jiang Yan-Ping , Tang Zhen-Hua , Tang Xin-Gui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films were deposited on p-type silicon (p-Si) substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology. The crystal structure, morphology characterization and elemental analysis show that AZO film grows along the c-axis (002) orientation without other impurities. The current–voltage and current-time characteristics under different illumination conditions demonstrate that the Au/AZO/p-Si diode has typical rectification behavior, excellent stability and repeatability. The photocurrent is proportional to the intensity of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, and the photocurrent reaches 110 μA at a bias voltage of 5 V under 11.75 mW cm−2 UV light irradiation. By calculating the conduction band and valence band offset values of AZO/p-Si heterojunction, the energy band diagrams at different bias states are constructed to explain the photoelectric response behavior. These results will be helpful for the design of high-performance photodiodes.
The epitaxial growth and unique morphology of InAs quantum dots embedded in a Ge matrix
Authors: Jia Hui , Yang Junjie , Tang Mingchu , Li Wei , Jurczak Pamela , Yu Xuezhe , Zhou Taojie , Park Jae-Seong , Li Keshuang , Deng Huiwen , Yu Xueying , Li Ang , Chen Siming , Seeds Alwyn , Liu Huiyun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the epitaxial growth of InAs quantum dots (QDs) on Ge substrates. By varying the growth parameters of growth temperature, deposition thickness and the growth rate of InAs, high density (1.2 × 1011 cm−2) self-assembled InAs QDs were successfully epitaxially grown on Ge substrates by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy and capped by Ge layers. Pyramid- and polyhedral-shaped InAs QDs embedded in Ge matrices were revealed, which are distinct from the lens- or truncated pyramid-shaped dots in InAs/GaAs or InAs/Si systems. Moreover, with a 200 nm Ge capping layer, one-third of the embedded QDs are found with elliptical and hexagonal nanovoids with sizes of 7–9 nm, which, to the best of our knowledge, is observed for the first time for InAs QDs embedded in a Ge matrix. These results provide a new possibility of integrating InAs QD devices on group-IV platforms for Si photonics.
Examination of OH and H2O2 production by uniform and non-uniform modes of dielectric barrier discharge in He/air mixture
Authors: Yatom Shurik , Dobrynin Danil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work we have carried out a parametrical study of hydroxyl radical (OH) generation in nanosecond dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in He/air mixture using a laser-induced fluorescence approach. The foci of the study are the investigation of differences between uniform and non-uniform modes of the discharges and the difference in production of OH and H2O2 Nanosecond-time scale imaging of the discharge shows transition from streamer to diffuse mode when applied electric field to the discharge gap approaches ∼90 kV cm−1. The results show that both OH production in the gas phase and downstream H2O2 delivery rates to liquid depend on the discharge mode operation and are respectively 30% and 3 times higher for the non-uniform DBD compared to the diffuse discharge.
Wind turbine planetary gearbox fault diagnosis using circular pitch cyclic vector and a bidirectional gated recurrent unit
Authors: Zhang Pinyang , Chen Changzheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A planetary gearbox with large transmission ratio is a critical component of a wind turbine (WT). When the planetary gearbox suffers from failure, the regular variation of circular pitch vibration energy contains fault pattern information. Although deep learning-based fault diagnosis models have the capability for automatic feature extraction, they rarely consider emphasizing the energy variation characteristics related to the planetary transmission structure in the data representation stage, which degrades the fault diagnosis performance. To solve this problem, this paper describes a novel data representation method, circular pitch cyclic vector (CPCV) and, on this basis, proposes a WT planetary gearbox fault diagnosis method using CPCV and a bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BGRU). Firstly, this paper utilizes root mean square value as the energy evaluation metric for calculating the CPCV. Then, the mapping relationship between circular pitch energy and the ring gear mesh phase is captured using the BGRU through its bidirectional learning capability. Finally, a fully connected layer with softmax is used for fault classification. The proposed method is evaluated by analyzing the in-service WT vibration data collected from a wind farm in eastern China. The experimental results and comparison analysis illustrate the superiority of the proposed method.
A high-accuracy calibration method for fusion systems of millimeter-wave radar and camera
Authors: Wang Xiyue , Wang Xinsheng , Zhou Zhiquan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Multi-sensor information fusion is widely used in the field of unmanned aerial vehicles obstacle avoidance flight, particularly in millimeter-wave (MMW) radar and camera fusion systems. Calibration accuracy plays a crucial role in fusion systems. The low-angle measurement accuracy of the MMW radar usually causes large calibration errors. To reduce calibration errors, a high-accuracy calibration method based on a region of interest (ROI) and an artificial potential field was proposed in this paper. The ROI was selected based on the initial calibration information and the MMW radar’s angle measurement error range from the image. An artificial potential field was established using the pixels of the ROI. Two moving points were set at the left and right ends of the ROI initially. The potential forces of the two moving points are different because the pixels of the obstacle and the background are different in the image. The two moving points were iteratively moved towards each other according to the force until their distance was less than the iteration step. The new calibration point is located in the middle of the final position of the two moving points. In contrast to the existing calibration methods, the proposed method avoids the limitations of low angle measurement accuracy by using image pixels. The experimental results show that the calibration errors decrease by 83.95% and 75.79%, which is significantly improved compared to the traditional methods and indicates the efficiency of the proposed method.
Augmented flame image soft sensor for combustion oxygen content prediction
Authors: Gao Shuang , Dai Yun , Li Yingjie , Jiang Yuxin , Liu Yi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Oxygen content is one of the most critical factors for high-efficiency combustion. Online measurement of oxygen content from flame images is important but still challenging. For construction of an oxygen content prediction model, most current feature extraction methods are not straightforward. Additionally, there are always sufficient data for common operating conditions in practice, while only limited data for other operating conditions. The data collection process for model training is costly and time-consuming. To tackle the problem, this work presents an augmented flame image soft sensor for automated combustion oxygen content prediction. A convolutional neural network (CNN) regression model is designed to predict the oxygen content directly from flame images, without a single feature extraction process. Moreover, a regression generative adversarial network with gradient penalty is proposed to generate flame images with oxygen content labels. It overcomes the imbalanced and insufficient data problem arising in the CNN regression model training. The proposed soft sensor is compared with several common regression methods for oxygen content prediction. Experimental results show that the proposed method can predict the combustion oxygen content with high accuracy from flame images although the original datasets are imbalanced.