bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic insights into the effects of nonsynonymous polymorphisms (nsSNPs) on loss of TREM2 function
Authors: Dash Raju , Munni Yeasmin Akter , Mitra Sarmistha , Choi Ho Jin , Jahan Sultana Israt , Chowdhury Apusi , Jang Tae Jung , Moon Il Soo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSingle nucleotide variations in Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2) are associated with many neurodegenerative diseases, including Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and late-onset Alzheimer's disease because they disrupt ligand binding to the extracellular domain of TREM2. However, the effects of nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) in TREM2 on disease progression remain unknown. In this study, we identified several high-risk nsSNPs in the TREM2 gene using various deleterious SNP predicting algorithms and analyzed their destabilizing effects on the ligand recognizing region of the TREM2 immunoglobulin (Ig) domain by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Cumulative prediction by all tools employed suggested the three most deleterious nsSNPs involved in loss of TREM2 function are rs549402254 (W50S), rs749358844 (R52C), and rs1409131974 (D104G). MD simulation showed that these three variants cause substantial structural alterations and conformational remodeling of the apical loops of the TREM2 Ig domain, which is responsible for ligand recognition. Detailed analysis revealed that these variants substantially increased distances between apical loops and induced conformation remodeling by changing inter-loop nonbonded contacts. Moreover, all nsSNPs changed the electrostatic potentials near the putative ligand-interacting region (PLIR), which suggested they might reduce specificity or loss of binding affinity for TREM2 ligands. Overall, this study identifies three potential high-risk nsSNPs in the TREM2 gene. We propose further studies on the molecular mechanisms responsible for loss of TREM2 function and the associations between TREM2 nsSNPs and neurodegenerative diseases.
CFD simulation of updrafts initiated by a vertically directed jet fed by the heat of water vapor condensation
Authors: Abshaev Magomet T. , Abshaev Ali M. , Aksenov Andrey A. , Fisher Iuliia V. , Shchelyaev Alexander E. , Al Mandous Abdulla , Wehbe Youssef , El-Khazali Reyad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the results of the development of a mathematical model and numerical simulation of the ascent in the atmosphere of a vertically directed jet fed by the heat of condensation of water vapor on a hygroscopic aerosol introduced into the jet at the start. The possibility of creating artificial convective clouds depending on jet parameters, condensation heat value and vertical profiles of wind speed, air temperature and humidity has been evaluated. Numerical experiments showed that the motion of a high-speed and high-temperature jet in the atmosphere has a complex turbulent nature. As the jet ascends, it expands, losing superheat and velocity. The temperature of the jet decreases faster than the velocity, so the jet rises slightly above the level at which its superheat disappears. The jet's ascent height increases as the humidity of the air and the vertical temperature gradient increase. Wind causes the jet to deform, bend, and decrease the height of ascent. Feed the jet with condensation heat results in a significant increase in jet lift height. This is particularly effective in the case of introducing into the jet two-layer NaCl/TiO2 nanoaerosol, which is capable of absorbing water vapor in an amount significantly greater than its mass. The simulation results are encouraging in the possibility of creating artificial updrafts that can lead to the formation of convective clouds and precipitation on days with favorable atmospheric conditions, when wind speed in the sub-cloud layer is < 6 m/s, air humidity is > 65%, and the temperature lapse rate is > 7.5 °C/km.
Developing an accurate empirical correlation for predicting anti-cancer drugs’ dissolution in supercritical carbon dioxide
Authors: Faress Fardad , Yari Amin , Rajabi Kouchi Fereshteh , Safari Nezhad Ava , Hadizadeh Alireza , Sharif Bakhtiar Leili , Naserzadeh Yousef , Mahmoudi Niloufar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study introduces a universal correlation based on the modified version of the Arrhenius equation to estimate the solubility of anti-cancer drugs in supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2). A combination of an Arrhenius-shape term and a departure function was proposed to estimate the solubility of anti-cancer drugs in supercritical CO2. This modified Arrhenius correlation predicts the solubility of anti-cancer drugs in supercritical CO2 from pressure, temperature, and carbon dioxide density. The pre-exponential of the Arrhenius linearly relates to the temperature and carbon dioxide density, and its exponential term is an inverse function of pressure. Moreover, the departure function linearly correlates with the natural logarithm of the ratio of carbon dioxide density to the temperature. The reliability of the proposed correlation is validated using all literature data for solubility of anti-cancer drugs in supercritical CO2. Furthermore, the predictive performance of the modified Arrhenius correlation is compared with ten available empirical correlations in the literature. Our developed correlation presents the absolute average relative deviation (AARD) of 9.54% for predicting 316 experimental measurements. On the other hand, the most accurate correlation in the literature presents the AARD = 14.90% over the same database. Indeed, 56.2% accuracy improvement in the solubility prediction of the anti-cancer drugs in supercritical CO2 is the primary outcome of the current study.
Clinical outcomes of severe sepsis and septic shock patients with left ventricular dysfunction undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Yu Guangwei , Cheng Kun , Liu Qing , Wu Wenwei , Hong Huashan , Lin Xiaohong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBaseline left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is associated with subsequent risks of acute kidney injury (AKI) and mortality in patients with sepsis. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in hemodynamically unstable patients with severe sepsis and septic shock combined with LV dysfunction. In this multicenter retrospective study, severe sepsis and septic shock patients with LV dysfunction were classified into one of two groups according to the timing of CRRT: the early group (before AKI was detected) or the control group (patients with AKI). Patients from the control group received an accelerated strategy or a standard strategy of CRRT. The primary outcome was all-cause intensive care unit (ICU) mortality. Patients were weighted by stabilized inverse probability of treatment weights (sIPTW) to overcome differences in baseline characteristics. After sIPTW analysis, the ICU mortality was significantly lower in the early group than the control group (27.7% vs. 63.5%, p < 0.001). Weighted multivariable analysis showed that early CRRT initiation was a protective factor for the risk of ICU mortality (OR 0.149; 95% CI 0.051–0.434; p < 0.001). The ICU mortality was not different between the accelerated- and standard-strategy group (52.5% vs. 52.9%, p = 0.970). Early CRRT in the absence of AKI is suggested for hemodynamically unstable patients with severe sepsis and septic shock combined with LV dysfunction since it benefits survival outcomes.
Longitudinal auditory data of children with prelingual single-sided deafness managed with early cochlear implantation
Authors: Arras Tine , Boudewyns An , Swinnen Freya , Zarowski Andrzej , Philips Birgit , Desloovere Christian , Wouters Jan , van Wieringen Astrid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIndividuals with single-sided deafness (SSD) have no access to binaural hearing, which limits their ability to localize sounds and understand speech in noisy environments. In addition, children with prelingual SSD are at risk for neurocognitive and academic difficulties. Early cochlear implantation may lead to improved hearing outcomes by restoring bilateral hearing. However, its longitudinal impact on the development of children with SSD remains unclear. In the current study, a group of young children with prelingual SSD received a cochlear implant at an early age. From the age of four, the children’s spatial hearing skills could be assessed using a spatial speech perception in noise test and a sound localization test. The results are compared to those of two control groups: children with SSD without a cochlear implant and children with bilateral normal hearing. Overall, the implanted group exhibited improved speech perception in noise abilities and better sound localization skills, compared to their non-implanted peers. On average, the children wore their device approximately nine hours a day. Given the large contribution of maturation to the development of spatial hearing skills, further follow-up is important to understand the long-term benefit of a cochlear implant for children with prelingual SSD.
Echo chambers and information transmission biases in homophilic and heterophilic networks
Authors: Diaz-Diaz Fernando , San Miguel Maxi , Meloni Sandro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe study how information transmission biases arise by the interplay between the structural properties of the network and the dynamics of the information in synthetic scale-free homophilic/heterophilic networks. We provide simple mathematical tools to quantify these biases. Both Simple and Complex Contagion models are insufficient to predict significant biases. In contrast, a Hybrid Contagion model—in which both Simple and Complex Contagion occur—gives rise to three different homophily-dependent biases: emissivity and receptivity biases, and echo chambers. Simulations in an empirical network with high homophily confirm our findings. Our results shed light on the mechanisms that cause inequalities in the visibility of information sources, reduced access to information, and lack of communication among distinct groups.
An alternative, low-dissolution counter electrode to prevent deceptive enhancement of HER overpotential
Authors: Hasan Menna M. , Allam Nageh K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractElectrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is typically studied in three-electrode system. In this system, several counter electrodes are commonly used to ensure fast kinetics, including Pt, gold, and glassy carbon. However, the extensive application of such electrodes has raised caveats on the contribution of the redox-active species dissolving from such electrodes and redepositing on the surface of the working electrode to the measured overpotential. Consequently, this has been frequently confused with the actual electrochemical signature of the working electrode catalyst, resulting in a deceptive enhancement in the recorded overpotential. This issue becomes more critical when the electrolysis measurements involve an activation step, necessitating the need for alternative counter electrodes that are stable, especially in acidic medium, which is commonly used as the electrolyte in HER studies. Herein, while we systematically unveil such problems, an alternative counter electrode that overcomes those problems is demonstrated. Specifically, the correlation between the working electrode area to that of the counter electrode, the dissolution rate of the counter electrode, and the potential range used in the activation/cleaning of the surface on accelerating the dissolution rate is explored and discussed in detail. Finally, commercial Ti mesh is demonstrated as an alternative emerging counter electrode, which is proven to be very stable and convenient to study the HER in acidic media.
Metagenomic profiles of the early life microbiome of Indonesian inpatient neonates and their influence on clinical characteristics
Authors: Amandito Radhian , Malik Amarila , Rohsiswatmo Rinawati 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDetermining the initial normal neonatal gut microbiome is challenging. The debate regarding the sterile fetal environment is still ongoing. Therefore, studying and comparing normal and dysbiotic microbiomes requires the elucidation of both the fetal and infant microbiomes. Factors influencing the normal microbiome also include regional and genetic factors specific to different countries. Determining the normal microbiome population in our center and their association with the clinical conditions of infants is helpful as a tool for both the prevention and treatment of related diseases during neonatal care. Here, we employed metagenomic sequencing to characterize meconium and the subsequent early-life gut microbiome of preterm neonates in Jakarta, Indonesia. Microbiome diversity and complexity was higher in the meconium and on day 4 than on day 7. At the genus level, the most abundant genus overall was unidentified Enterobacteriaceae, with meconium samples dominated by Ureaplasma, day 4 fecal samples dominated by Staphylococcus, and day 7 samples dominated by Clostridiales, while at the phylum level the most abundant was Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Perinatal factors of PROM and mother’s diet influenced the meconium microbiome, while day 4 and day 7 microbiome was associated with bacteremia and early administration of antibiotics. One of our sample sets was derived from triplets, and they had varying diversity despite being triplets. These data are valuable for understanding the formation of a healthy microbiome specific to neonates and devising a strategy to improve both the gut health and related clinical outcomes of the neonate.
Effect of heat treatment with different heat transfer modes on the polymerization of tosylate-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) films
Authors: Kim Hyeong Jun , Jeon Jei Gyeong , Lee Ju Hwan , Kim Ju Hyeon , Lee Junho , Shin Gilyong , Kang Tae June 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, tosylate-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT:Tos) films are prepared by thermally assisted oxidative polymerization either on a hot plate or in a convection oven. The main difference between these heat treatments is the way heat is transferred (conduction or convection) during polymerization. The surface morphology and structure, doped state, chemical composition, and the changes in the physical and chemical properties of the differently heat-treated films are analyzed using various instrumental methods. The hot plate-treated films exhibit a smooth and dense surface morphology with a low root-mean-square roughness of ~ 5 nm. The films have a quinoid-prevalent thiophene structure with a high electrical conductivity of 575 S/cm. By contrast, the oven-treated films show a rough and porous morphology with a surface roughness ranging from 30 to 80 nm depending on the scanning area, which yields high absorption capacity of more than 90% in the near-infrared range. The oven-treated films show a benzenoid-prevalent structure that provides relatively low electrical conductivity of 244 ± 45 S/cm. As a demonstration of these noticeable changes, PEDOT:Tos films are examined as a photothermal conversion layer to convert light energy to thermal energy, which is converted to electrical energy using a thermoelectric device by covering the films on the device.
Improving the performance of mini-channel heat sink by using wavy channel and different types of nanofluids
Authors: Saadoon Zahraa H. , Ali Farooq H. , Hamzah Hameed K. , Abed Azher M. , Hatami M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe combination of nano fluid and changing cross-section mini-channel heat sink effects have become a remarkable choice for the use of thermal devices such as miniature electronic devices to be effectively cooled. In this paper, the comparison of three dimensional straight and wavy channel configuration with using different types nano fluids are numerically investigated. The effects of wave amplitude and A particular type of volume fraction of (Copper Oxide CuO, Dimond Al2O3, Iron Oxide Fe3O4, Titanium Oxide TiO2 and Silver Ag-nano fluids are offered. Three amplitudes of waves (0.15 mm, 0.2 mm and 0.25 mm) and Reynold’s number from 200 to 1000 and concentration volume varieties from 0 to 0.075 are used. The effect on thermal resistance, pressures drop, factor of friction of the mini channel is displayed. It is observed that the mini-channel sink's heat transfer efficiency is greatly enhanced compared to the straight channel in an event of adding distilled water as accoolant. The results indicate that nano fluid and wavy mini-channel can boost the heat sink's hydrothermal efficiency and Ag- water nano fluid in term of heat transfer, it outperforms other nanofluids an enhancement in the Nusselt number reached to 54% at concentration volume 0.075.
zmm28 transgenic maize increases both N uptake- and N utilization-efficiencies
Authors: Fernandez Javier A. , Habben Jeffrey E. , Schussler Jeffrey R. , Masek Tim , Weers Ben , Bing James , Ciampitti Ignacio A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBiotechnology has emerged as a valuable tool in the development of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids with enhanced nitrogen (N) use efficiency. Recent work has described the positive effects of an increased and extended expression of the zmm28 transcription factor (Event DP202216) on maize yield productivity. In this study, we expand on the previous findings studying maize N uptake and utilization in DP202216 transgenic hybrids compared to wild-type (WT) controls. Isotope 15N labeling demonstrates that DP202216 hybrids have an improved N uptake during late-vegetative stages (inducing N storage in lower leaves of the canopy) and, thus, N uptake efficiency (N uptake to applied N ratio) relative to WT. Through both greater N harvest index and reproductive N remobilization, transgenic plants were able to achieve better N utilization efficiency (yield to N uptake ratio). Our findings suggest the DP202216 trait could open new avenues for improving N uptake and utilization efficiencies in maize.
Dynamics of collective modes in an unconventional charge density wave system BaNi2As2
Authors: Pokharel Amrit Raj , Grigorev Vladimir , Mejas Arjan , Dong Tao , Haghighirad Amir A. , Heid Rolf , Yao Yi , Merz Michael , Le Tacon Matthieu , Demsar Jure 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBaNi2As2 is a non-magnetic analogue of BaFe2As2, the parent compound of a prototype pnictide high-temperature superconductor, displaying superconductivity already at ambient pressure. Recent diffraction studies demonstrated the existence of two types of periodic lattice distortions above and below the triclinic phase transition, suggesting the existence of an unconventional charge-density-wave (CDW) order. The suppression of CDW order upon doping results in a sixfold increase in the superconducting transition temperature and enhanced nematic fluctuations, suggesting CDW is competing with superconductivity. Here, we apply time-resolved optical spectroscopy to investigate collective dynamics in BaNi2As2. We demonstrate the existence of several CDW amplitude modes. Their smooth evolution through the structural phase transition implies the commensurate CDW order in the triclinic phase evolves from the high-temperature unidirectional incommensurate CDW, and may indeed trigger the structural phase transition. Excitation density dependence reveals exceptional resilience of CDW against perturbation, implying an unconventional origin of the underlying electronic instability.
Red room temperature phosphorescence of lead halide based coordination polymer showing efficient angle-dependent polarized emission and photoelectric performance
Authors: Tian Xu-Ke , Zhang Ji-Rui , Wen Meng-Yao , Liu Zi-Han , Guo Jia-hui , Ma Cheng-Yu , Zhang Hao-Yi , Yang Xiao-Gang , Ma Lu-Fang 
Published: June 2022

A coordination polymer exhibiting rare example of red room-temperature phosphorescence has been synthesized. The alternating arrangement of electronic donor–acceptor at molecular level enables high electrochemistry and photovoltaic active.
A proteostasis network safeguards the chloroplast proteome
Authors: Llamas Ernesto , Pulido Pablo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Several protein homeostasis (proteostasis) pathways safeguard the integrity of thousands of proteins that localize in plant chloroplasts, the indispensable organelles that perform photosynthesis, produce metabolites, and sense environmental stimuli. In this review, we discuss the latest efforts directed to define the molecular process by which proteins are imported and sorted into the chloroplast. Moreover, we describe the recently elucidated protein folding and degradation pathways that modulate the levels and activities of chloroplast proteins. We also discuss the links between the accumulation of misfolded proteins and the activation of signalling pathways that cope with folding stress within the organelle. Finally, we propose new research directions that would help to elucidate novel molecular mechanisms to maintain chloroplast proteostasis.
Unconventional R proteins in the botanical tribe Triticeae
Authors: Athiyannan Naveenkumar , Aouini Lamia , Wang Yajun , Krattinger Simon G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Plant immunity is triggered following the perception of pathogen-derived molecules by plant receptor proteins. Two protein families, membrane-localized receptor-like kinases (RLK) and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors, play key roles in pathogen perception and in the initiation of downstream signaling cascades that lead to defense responses. In addition to RLKs and NLRs, recent research has identified additional protein families that function as plant resistance (R) proteins. In particular, the botanical tribe Triticeae, which includes the globally important crop species wheat and barley, has played a significant role in the discovery of ‘unconventional’ R proteins. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on unconventional R genes in Triticeae and the proteins they encode. The knowledge on unconventional R proteins will not only broaden our understanding of plant–pathogen interactions but also have great implications for disease resistance breeding in crops.
Implementation Science: Increasing the Public Health Impact of Audiology Research
Authors: Studts Christina R. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
Implementation science aims to facilitate the use of evidence-based programs, practices, and policies in routine care settings. In audiology, as in other health disciplines, there is a persistent research-to-practice gap. Improving the adoption, reach, implementation, and sustainment of effective interventions in audiology would increase their public health impact, ensuring that all individuals needing hearing health care services could benefit from innovations and evidence-based best practices. This tutorial provides an introductory overview of implementation science relevant to the field of audiology, including Internet-based practices and interventions.

Method:
Major concepts and themes of implementation science are presented, including implementation outcomes, implementation science frameworks, implementation strategies, current topics in implementation science, and study design considerations. Recent publications in audiology are highlighted to illustrate implementation science concepts and themes. The relevance of each topic to the use of evidence-based programs, practices, and policies in audiology is highlighted with reference to recent research in the field.

Conclusions:
Challenges in the widespread delivery of evidence-based audiological practices and interventions limit their public health impact. The application of implementation science principles and methods in audiology research, as demonstrated in other areas of health research, can increase our focus on ensuring that effective practices are widely available, accessible, equitable, and sustainable to improve the lives of those who need them.