bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blending the Popular and the Profound: Organ Concerts at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition
Authors: Laver Anne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago was a watershed moment in U.S. organ culture. Over the course of four months, twenty-one of the finest organists in the country, along with Alexandre Guilmant of Paris, performed sixty-two solo organ recitals on a large new organ built by Farrand and Votey, paving the way for the rise of the solo organ concert in the United States. Although this was a seminal event in the organ world, it has largely been overlooked in modern musicological scholarship. This article contextualizes the series within the wider program of the fair's Bureau of Music and compares the programming strategies between Bureau of Music director Theodore Thomas and organ series director Clarence Eddy. Thomas chose to promote a hierarchical programming model that ultimately failed, but the organists endeavored to offer programs that appealed to both the uninitiated and the connoisseur. A detailed analysis of organ concert programs at the fair using a new database reveals the way in which organists embraced a mixture of “popular” and “profound” elements in their programming that was later disseminated in magazines, pamphlets, and performing editions after the event.
Understanding why people with OCD do what they do, and why other people get involved: supporting people with OCD and loved ones to move from safety-seeking behaviours to approach-supporting behaviours
Authors: Philpot Nicola , Thwaites Richard , Freeston Mark 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The distress inherent in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) can often lead to partners, family members and friends becoming entangled with the OCD in terms of being drawn into performing certain behaviours to try and reduce the distress of their loved one. In the past this has often been referred to somewhat pejoratively as collusion, or more neutrally as accommodation. In this paper we emphasise that this is usually a natural human response to seeing a loved one in distress and wanting to help. This paper provides detailed clinical guidance on how to understand this involvement and how to include others in the treatment of OCD along with practical tips and hints around potential blocks that may require troubleshooting. It also details the relatively recently introduced concept of approach-supporting behaviours, and provides guidance on how to distinguish these from safety-seeking behaviours. The ‘special case’ of reassurance seeking is also discussed.

Key learning aims

(1)
To illustrate the importance of understanding the person’s OCD beliefs ‘from the inside’ including the internal logic that leads to specific behaviours.

(2)
To understand the ways that key individuals in the lives of people with OCD can become entangled with the OCD (through the best of intentions) and to provide practical clinical guidance for CBT therapists around how to engage and work with these individuals in the lives of people with OCD.

(3)
To explain and delineate the idea of approach-supporting behaviours, distinguishing these from safety-seeking behaviours.

(4)
To distinguish the interpersonal component of reassurance from the neutralisation component and provide guidance on how we can help family members to replace reassurance with something that is equally or more supportive whilst not maintaining the OCD.
Turbulence Effects on the Formation of Cold Fog Over Complex Terrain With Large‐Eddy Simulation
Authors: Li Xin , Pu Zhaoxia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA large eddy simulation (LES) embedded in the mesoscale community Weather Research and Forecasting model is used to examine the effects of turbulence on cold fog formation over Heber Valley in northern Utah in the U.S. The LES results indicate that large‐scale turbulent eddies prevail and dominate the mixing effects in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). The combination of turbulence mixing effects, mountain‐valley flow, and ultra‐cold valley temperature lead to fog formation in the LES simulation. The omission of the turbulent eddies in the PBL parameterization results in a weak mixing effect in the PBL and weakens the near‐surface air cooling, thus failing to reproduce the fog in the simulation. This study indicates the essential role of turbulence in fog formation over complex terrain. Turbulent eddies exist over complex terrain and can enhance mixing effects, and thus the conditions for fog formation.
The Mars Oxygen Visible Dayglow: A Martian Year of NOMAD/UVIS Observations
Authors: Soret L. , Gérard J.‐C. , Aoki S. , Gkouvelis L. , Thomas I. R. , Ristic B. , Hubert B. , Willame Y. , Depiesse C. , Vandaele A. C. , Patel M. R. , Mason J. P. , Daerden F. , López‐Moreno J.‐J. , Bellucci G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrometer Ultraviolet (UVIS UV) and Visible Spectrometer channel of the Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery spectrometer aboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter has made limb observations of the Martian dayglow during more than a Martian year. Two pointing modes have been applied: (a) In the inertial mode, the spectrometer scans the atmosphere twice down to near the surface and provides altitude profiles of the dayglow; (b) in the tracking mode, the atmosphere is scanned at varying latitudes at a nearly constant altitude through the entire observation. We present a statistical study of the vertical and seasonal distribution of the recently discovered oxygen green and red lines at 557.7 nm and 630 nm. It indicates that the brightness of the green line emission responds to changes in the Lyman‐α flux. The peak altitude of the green line emission increases seasonally when the Sun‐Mars distance decreases. The lower peak of the green line statistically drops by 15–20 km between perihelion and aphelion at mid‐to high altitude. The main lower peak intensity shows an asymmetry between the two hemispheres. It is significantly brighter and more pronounced in the southern hemisphere than in the north. This is a consequence of the stronger Lyman‐α solar flux near perihelion. The second component of the oxygen red line at 636.4 nm is also detected for the first time in the Martian atmosphere. A photochemical model is used to simulate the variations of the green dayglow observed along limb tracking orbits.
A randomized phase III study of pretransplant conditioning for AML/MDS with fludarabine and once daily IV busulfan ± clofarabine in allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Andersson Borje S. , Thall Peter F. , Ma Junsheng , Valdez Benigno C. , Bassett Roland , Chen Julianne , Ahmed Sairah , Alousi Amin , Bashir Qaiser , Ciurea Stefan , Gulbis Alison , Cool Rita , Kawedia Jitesh , Hosing Chitra , Kebriaei Partow , Kornblau Steve , Myers Alan , Oran Betul , Rezvani Katayoun , Shah Nina , Shpall Elizabeth , Parmar Simrit , Popat Uday R. , Nieto Yago , Champlin Richard E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPretransplant conditioning with Fludarabine (Flu)-Busulfan (Bu) is safe, but clofarabine (Clo) has improved antileukemic activity. Hypothesis: Flu+Clo-Bu (FCB) yields superior progression-free survival (PFS) after allogeneic transplantation. We randomized 250 AML/MDS patients aged 3–70, Karnofsky Score ≥80, with matched donors, to FCB (n = 120) or Flu-Bu (n = 130), stratifying complete remission (CR) vs. No CR, (NCR). HCT-CI scores varied, from 0 to 10. All evaluable patients engrafted. Median follow-up was 66 months (interquartile range: 58–80). Three-year relapse incidence (RI), 25% with FCB, vs. 39% with Flu-Bu (p = 0.018), offset by higher non-relapse mortality, 22.6% (95%CI: 16–30.2%) vs. 12.3% (95%CI: 6.5–19%). Three-year PFS was 52% (95%CI: 44–62%) (FCB), vs. 48% (95%CI: 41–58%) (Flu-Bu). FCB benefited CR patients less, NCR patients age ≤ 60 had 3-year 34% RI (95%CI: 19–49%) (FCB) vs. 56% (95%CI: 38–70%) after Flu-Bu (p = 0.037). NCR patients >60 years had 3-year RI 10.0% (FCB), vs. 56.0%, after Flu-Bu (p = 0.003). Bayesian regression analysis including treatment-covariate interactions showed FCB superiority in NCR patients with low HCT-CI (0–2). Serious adverse event profiles were similar for the regimens. Conditioning with FCB did not improve PFS overall, but improved disease control in NCR patients, mandating confirmatory trials. Remission status and HCT-CI should be considered when using FCB.
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals lineage trajectory of human scalp hair follicle and informs mechanisms of hair graying
Authors: Wu Sijie , Yu Yao , Liu Caiyue , Zhang Xia , Zhu Peiying , Peng You , Yan Xinyu , Li Yin , Hua Peng , Li Qingfeng , Wang Sijia , Zhang Liang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHair conditions, such as hair loss and graying, are prevalent human conditions. But they are often poorly controlled due to our insufficient understanding of human scalp hair follicle (hsHF) in health and disease. Here we describe a comprehensive single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) analysis on highly purified black and early-stage graying hsHFs. Based on these, a concise single-cell atlas for hsHF and its early graying changes is generated and verified using samples from multiple independent individuals. These data reveal the lineage trajectory of hsHF in unprecedented detail and uncover its multiple unexpected features not found in mouse HFs, including the presence of an innerbulge like compartment in the growing phase, lack of a discrete companion layer, and enrichment of EMT features in HF stem cells (HFSCs). Moreover, we demonstrate that besides melanocyte depletion, early-stage human hair graying is also associated with specific depletion of matrix hair progenitors but not HFSCs. The hair progenitors’ depletion is accompanied by their P53 pathway activation whose pharmaceutical blockade can ameliorate hair graying in mice, enlightening a promising therapeutic avenue for this prevalent hair condition.
Structural insights into the ligand binding and Gi coupling of serotonin receptor 5-HT5A
Authors: Tan Yangxia , Xu Peiyu , Huang Sijie , Yang Gong , Zhou Fulai , He Xinheng , Ma Honglei , Xu H. Eric , Jiang Yi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A (5-HT5A) belongs to the 5-HT receptor family and signals through the Gi/o protein. It is involved in nervous system regulation and an attractive target for the treatment of psychosis, depression, schizophrenia, and neuropathic pain. 5-HT5A is the only Gi/o-coupled 5-HT receptor subtype lacking a high-resolution structure, which hampers the mechanistic understanding of ligand binding and Gi/o coupling for 5-HT5A. Here we report a cryo-electron microscopy structure of the 5-HT5A–Gi complex bound to 5-Carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT). Combined with functional analysis, this structure reveals the 5-CT recognition mechanism and identifies the receptor residue at 6.55 as a determinant of the 5-CT selectivity for Gi/o-coupled 5-HT receptors. In addition, 5-HT5A shows an overall conserved Gi protein coupling mode compared with other Gi/o-coupled 5-HT receptors. These findings provide comprehensive insights into the ligand binding and G protein coupling of Gi/o-coupled 5-HT receptors and offer a template for the design of 5-HT5A-selective drugs.
Vinyl copolymers with faster hydrolytic degradation than aliphatic polyesters and tunable upper critical solution temperatures
Authors: Bossion Amaury , Zhu Chen , Guerassimoff Léa , Mougin Julie , Nicolas Julien 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVinyl polymers are the focus of intensive research due to their ease of synthesis and the possibility of making well-defined, functional materials. However, their non-degradability leads to environmental problems and limits their use in biomedical applications, allowing aliphatic polyesters to still be considered as the gold standards. Radical ring-opening polymerization of cyclic ketene acetals is considered the most promising approach to impart degradability to vinyl polymers. However, these materials still exhibit poor hydrolytic degradation and thus cannot yet compete with traditional polyesters. Here we show that a simple copolymerization system based on acrylamide and cyclic ketene acetals leads to well-defined and cytocompatible copolymers with faster hydrolytic degradation than that of polylactide and poly(lactide-co-glycolide). Moreover, by changing the nature of the cyclic ketene acetal, the copolymers can be either water-soluble or can exhibit tunable upper critical solution temperatures relevant for mild hyperthermia-triggered drug release. Amphiphilic diblock copolymers deriving from this system can also be formulated into degradable, thermosensitive nanoparticles by an all-water nanoprecipitation process.
Predicting cancer prognosis and drug response from the tumor microbiome
Authors: Hermida Leandro C. , Gertz E. Michael , Ruppin Eytan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTumor gene expression is predictive of patient prognosis in some cancers. However, RNA-seq and whole genome sequencing data contain not only reads from host tumor and normal tissue, but also reads from the tumor microbiome, which can be used to infer the microbial abundances in each tumor. Here, we show that tumor microbial abundances, alone or in combination with tumor gene expression, can predict cancer prognosis and drug response to some extent—microbial abundances are significantly less predictive of prognosis than gene expression, although similarly as predictive of drug response, but in mostly different cancer-drug combinations. Thus, it appears possible to leverage existing sequencing technology, or develop new protocols, to obtain more non-redundant information about prognosis and drug response from RNA-seq and whole genome sequencing experiments than could be obtained from tumor gene expression or genomic data alone.
Hollow mesoporous atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen-carbon catalysts with enhanced diffusion for catalysis involving larger molecules
Authors: Han Xu , Zhang Tianyu , Wang Xinhe , Zhang Zedong , Li Yaping , Qin Yongji , Wang Bingqing , Han Aijuan , Liu Junfeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSingle-atom catalysts (SACs) show great promise in various applications due to their maximal atom utilization efficiency. However, the controlled synthesis of SACs with appropriate porous structures remains a challenge that must be overcome to address the diffusion issues in catalysis. Resolving these diffusion issues has become increasingly important because the intrinsic activity of the catalysts is dramatically improved by spatially isolated single-atom sites. Herein, we develop a facile topo-conversion strategy for fabricating hollow mesoporous metal-nitrogen-carbon SACs with enhanced diffusion for catalysis. Several hollow mesoporous metal-nitrogen-carbon SACs, including Co, Ni, Mn and Cu, are successfully fabricated by this strategy. Taking hollow mesoporous cobalt-nitrogen-carbon SACs as a proof-of-concept, diffusion and kinetic experiments demonstrate the enhanced diffusion of hollow mesoporous structures compared to the solid ones, which alleviates the bottleneck of poor mass transport in catalysis, especially involving larger molecules. Impressively, the combination of superior intrinsic activity from Co-N4 sites and the enhanced diffusion from the hollow mesoporous nanoarchitecture significantly improves the catalytic performance of the oxidative coupling of aniline and its derivatives.
Functional expression of opioid receptors and other human GPCRs in yeast engineered to produce human sterols
Authors: Bean Björn D. M. , Mulvihill Colleen J. , Garge Riddhiman K. , Boutz Daniel R. , Rousseau Olivier , Floyd Brendan M. , Cheney William , Gardner Elizabeth C. , Ellington Andrew D. , Marcotte Edward M. , Gollihar Jimmy D. , Whiteway Malcolm , Martin Vincent J. J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is powerful for studying human G protein-coupled receptors as they can be coupled to its mating pathway. However, some receptors, including the mu opioid receptor, are non-functional, which may be due to the presence of the fungal sterol ergosterol instead of cholesterol. Here we engineer yeast to produce cholesterol and introduce diverse mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors to create sensitive opioid biosensors that recapitulate agonist binding profiles and antagonist inhibition. Additionally, human mu opioid receptor variants, including those with clinical relevance, largely display expected phenotypes. By testing mu opioid receptor-based biosensors with systematically adjusted cholesterol biosynthetic intermediates, we relate sterol profiles to biosensor sensitivity. Finally, we apply sterol-modified backgrounds to other human receptors revealing sterol influence in SSTR5, 5-HTR4, FPR1, and NPY1R signaling. This work provides a platform for generating human G protein-coupled receptor-based biosensors, facilitating receptor deorphanization and high-throughput screening of receptors and effectors.
Mechanism of nucleotide discrimination by the translesion synthesis polymerase Rev1
Authors: Weaver Tyler M. , Click Timothy H. , Khoang Thu H. , Todd Washington M. , Agarwal Pratul K. , Freudenthal Bret D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRev1 is a translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) polymerase involved in the bypass of adducted-guanine bases and abasic sites during DNA replication. During damage bypass, Rev1 utilizes a protein-template mechanism of DNA synthesis, where the templating DNA base is evicted from the Rev1 active site and replaced by an arginine side chain that preferentially binds incoming dCTP. Here, we utilize X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics simulations to obtain structural insight into the dCTP specificity of Rev1. We show the Rev1 R324 protein-template forms sub-optimal hydrogen bonds with incoming dTTP, dGTP, and dATP that prevents Rev1 from adopting a catalytically competent conformation. Additionally, we show the Rev1 R324 protein-template forms optimal hydrogen bonds with incoming rCTP. However, the incoming rCTP adopts an altered sugar pucker, which prevents the formation of a catalytically competent Rev1 active site. This work provides novel insight into the mechanisms for nucleotide discrimination by the TLS polymerase Rev1.
Phase-transition tailored nanoporous zinc metal electrodes for rechargeable alkaline zinc-nickel oxide hydroxide and zinc-air batteries
Authors: Li Liangyu , Tsang Yung Chak Anson , Xiao Diwen , Zhu Guoyin , Zhi Chunyi , Chen Qing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSecondary alkaline Zn batteries are cost-effective, safe, and energy-dense devices, but they are limited in rechargeability. Their short cycle life is caused by the transition between metallic Zn and ZnO, whose differences in electronic conductivity, chemical reactivity, and morphology undermine uniform electrochemical reactions and electrode structural stability. To circumvent these issues, here we propose an electrode design with bi-continuous metallic zinc nanoporous structures capable of stabilizing the electrochemical transition between metallic Zn and ZnO. In particular, via in situ optical microscopy and electrochemical impedance measurements, we demonstrate the kinetics-controlled structural evolution of Zn and ZnO. We also tested the electrochemical energy storage performance of the nanoporous zinc electrodes in alkaline zinc-nickel oxide hydroxide (NiOOH) and zinc-air (using Pt/C/IrO2-based air-electrodes) coin cell configurations. The Zn | |NiOOH cell delivers an areal capacity of 30 mAh/cm2 at 60% depth of discharging for 160 cycles, and the Zn | |Pt/C/IrO2 air cell demonstrates 80-hour stable operation in lean electrolyte condition.
Adaptive immune signature in HER2-positive breast cancer in NCCTG (Alliance) N9831 and NeoALTTO trials
Authors: Chumsri Saranya , Li Zhuo , Serie Daniel J. , Norton Nadine , Mashadi-Hossein Afshin , Tenner Kathleen , Brauer Heather Ann , Warren Sarah , Danaher Patrick , Colon-Otero Gerardo , Partridge Ann H. , Carey Lisa A. , Hilbers Florentine , Van Dooren Veerle , Holmes Eileen , Di Cosimo Serena , Werner Olena , Huober Jens Bodo , Dueck Amylou C. , Sotiriou Christos , Saura Cristina , Moreno-Aspitia Alvaro , Knutson Keith L. , Perez Edith A. , Thompson E. Aubrey 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTrastuzumab acts in part through the adaptive immune system. Previous studies showed that enrichment of immune-related gene expression was associated with improved outcomes in HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer. However, the role of the immune system in response to lapatinib is not fully understood. Gene expression analysis was performed in 1,268 samples from the North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) N9831 and 244 samples from the NeoALTTO trial. In N9831, enrichment of CD45 and immune-subset signatures were significantly associated with improved outcomes. We identified a novel 17-gene adaptive immune signature (AIS), which was found to be significantly associated with improved RFS among patients who received adjuvant trastuzumab (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49–0.90, Cox regression model p = 0.01) but not in patients who received chemotherapy alone (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.67–1.40, Cox regression model p = 0.97). This result was validated in NeoALTTO. Overall, AIS-low patients had a significantly lower pathologic complete response (pCR) rate compared with AIS-high patients (χ2p < 0.0001). Among patients who received trastuzumab alone, pCR was observed in 41.7% of AIS-high patients compared with 9.8% in AIS-low patients (OR of 6.61, 95% CI 2.09–25.59, logistic regression model p = 0.003). More importantly, AIS-low patients had a higher pCR rate with an addition of lapatinib (51.1% vs. 9.8%, OR 9.65, 95% CI 3.24–36.09, logistic regression model p < 0.001). AIS-low patients had poor outcomes, despite receiving adjuvant trastuzumab. However, these patients appear to benefit from an addition of lapatinib. Further studies are needed to validate the significance of this signature to identify patients who are more likely to benefit from dual anti-HER2 therapy. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT00005970 (NCCTG N9831) and NCT00553358 (NeoALTTO).
Bioinspired organic optoelectronic synaptic transistors based on cellulose nanopaper and natural chlorophyll-a for neuromorphic systems
Authors: Zhang Junyao , Liu Dapeng , Shi Qianqian , Yang Ben , Guo Pu , Fang Lu , Dai Shilei , Xiong Lize , Huang Jia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInspired by human brains, optoelectronic synapses are expected as one of significant steps for constructing neuromorphic systems. In addition, intensive attention has been paid to biodegradable and biocompatible materials for developing green electronics. In this regard, environmentally friendly organic optoelectronic synaptic transistors based on wood-derived cellulose nanopaper (WCN) as dielectric/substrate and nature chlorophyll-a as photoactive material are demonstrated. Both WCN and chlorophyll-a are biocompatible and biodegradable materials from natural organisms. Versatile synaptic behaviors have been well mimicked by the modulation of both electrical and optical signals. More significantly, optical wireless communication is experimentally emulated and the information processing capability is also verified in pattern recognition simulation. Furthermore, the flexible synaptic transistors exhibit no apparent synaptic performance degradation even when the bending radius is reduced to 1 mm. Our work may develop a promising approach for the development of green and flexible electronics in neuromorphic visual systems.