bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benzyl isothiocyanate and its metabolites inhibit cell proliferation through protein modification in mouse preosteoclast RAW264.7 cells
Authors: Nakamura Toshiyuki , Tsutsui Chiharu , Okuda Yu , Abe‐Kanoh Naomi , Okazawa Saori , Munemasa Shintaro , Murata Yoshiyuki , Kato Yoji , Nakamura Yoshimasa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBenzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), derived from cruciferous vegetables, is an organosulfur compound exerting antiproliferative effects in several human cancer cells. In this study, we assessed BITC as a potential osteoclastogenesis inhibitor and investigated its underlying mechanism. BITC at 5 μM significantly decreased the viability of the osteoclast‐like differentiating RAW264.7 cells, coinciding with the downregulation of the primary biomarkers for osteoclast differentiation, such as the tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase activity and nuclear factor of activated T‐cells gene expression. Not only BITC but also its metabolites, inhibited cell proliferation in the normal RAW264.7 cells, suggesting that BITC shows an anti‐osteoclastogenesis effect in vivo after its ingestion and metabolism, possibly through an antiproliferative action. Both BITC and its metabolites also enhanced the DNA fragmentation and the caspase‐3 activity, whereas their higher concentrations tended to suppress these effects. BITC was intracellularly accumulated when the cells were treated with its metabolites via their degradation into the free form. A quantitative experiment using the proteolysis/high performance liquid chromatography technique showed that the amount of BITC‐lysine thiourea in the cells was also increased in a time‐dependent manner, suggesting that lysine modification of the cellular proteins actually took place in the cells treated by BITC. Among the cellular proteins, the cleaved caspase‐3 was identified as a potential target for lysine modification by BITC. Taken together, BITC dissociated from its metabolites as well as its free form might modulate osteoclastogenesis, possibly through inhibition of cell proliferation by protein modification.
Chemopreventive potential of Diosmin against benzo[a]pyrene induced lung carcinogenesis in Swiss Albino mice
Authors: Islam Johirul , Shree Alpa , Khan Haider Ali , Sultana Sarwat 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLung cancer, one of the most common cancer is a cause of concern associated with cancer‐related mortality. Benzo[a]pyrene [B(a)P], a potent carcinogen as well as an environmental contaminant is reported to be found in cigarette smoke among various sources. The present study focuses on the chemopreventive potential of Diosmin against B[a]P‐induced lung carcinogenesis and its possible mechanism in male Swiss Albino mice (SAM). SAM were treated orally with Diosmin (200 mg/kg b.w.) for 16 weeks and/or B[a]P (50 mg/kg b.w) for a period of 4 weeks. B[a]P treated cancerous mice showed increased peroxidation of membrane lipid as well as a decrease in the level/activity of antioxidant proteins. Cancerous mice also showed an increased level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and neuron‐specific enolase (NSE). Diosmin treatment, however, leads to decreased peroxidation of lipids, increased antioxidant proteins as well decrease in the level of CEA and NSE. B[a]P‐induced cancerous animals also exhibited increased expression of cyclic AMP response element‐binding protein (CREB), COX2 as well as prostaglandin‐E2 (PGE2) while Diosmin‐treated mice were found to have an ameliorative effect. Histopathological results further confirm the protective effect of Diosmin in averting B[a]P‐induced pathological alterations of lung tissue. Overall, our results suggest Diosmin exerts its chemopreventive potential possibly via targeting the CREB/cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2)/PGE2 pathway thereby repressing inflammation.
Circ‐CBFB exacerbates hypoxia/reoxygenation‐triggered cardiomyocyte injury via regulating miR‐495‐3p in a VDAC1‐dependent manner
Authors: Chen Yue‐e , Yang Han , Pang Hu‐bo , Shang Fen‐qing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA large body of literature has identified that circular RNAs play critical roles in regulating the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease. In the present study, we intended to provide new ideas and perspectives on the functional role of circ‐CBFB in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‐injured cardiomyocytes. We observed that circ‐CBFB expression was enhanced which was accompanied by a miR‐495‐3p reduction in response to H/R exposure. Functionally, deletion of circ‐CBFB obviously potentiated cell viability and restrained cell apoptosis, which was accompanied by a remarkable elevation of antiapoptotic Bcl‐2 but the repression of proapoptotic Bax and cleaved caspase‐3 in response to H/R. Additionally, the absence of circ‐CBFB dramatically prohibited H/R‐evoked cardiomyocyte oxidative stress, as revealed by a decrease in reactive oxygen species overproduction, diminution in MAD content, and enhancement in SOD, CAT, and GSH‐Px activities. Moreover, elimination of circ‐CBFB resulted in improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction, as assessed by mitochondrial membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate production, and the release of cyto‐c. Interestingly, circ‐CBFB inversely regulated miR‐495‐3p expression via acting as a competing endogenous RNA. VDAC1 was identified to be a functional target of miR‐495‐3p and positively modulated by circ‐CBFB. Mechanically, dissipation of miR‐495‐3p or augmentation of VDAC1 manifestly counteracted the beneficial effects of circ‐CBFB knockdown on H/R‐elicited cardiomyocyte insult. Collectively, these observations demonstrated that absence of circ‐CBFB offered cardio‐protection against H/R‐triggered cardiomyocyte injury by relieving apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondria dysfunction through miR‐495‐3p/VDAC1 axis. This work unveiled an innovative axis of circ‐CBFB/miR‐495‐3p/VDAC1 in H/R‐challenged cardiomyocyte damage, exerting its potential in providing new thoughts in acute myocardial infarction management.
Audit committee characteristics and Key Audit Matters (KAMs) disclosures
Authors: Bepari Md Khokan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study we have examined if audit committee characteristics in terms of audit committee members’ gender, audit committee members’ accounting and finance backgrounds, audit committee members’ industry expertise and audit committee members’ legal expertise affect the number and content characteristics of KAMs reported. We examine the issue based on a sample of 1112 firm‐year‐observations and 3013 KAMs spanning for the period 2017–2020. We use multivariate regression models to examine the research questions. We also use a variety of other specifications for robustness test. Our findings suggest that female audit committee members reduce the number and lengths of KAMs. Our results further suggest that auditors disclose more specific information, identify more firm specific KAMs and produce more readable KAMs in the presence of female members in the audit committee. We find similar results for audit committee members’ accounting and finance backgrounds and audit committee members’ industry expertise. However, audit committee members’ legal expertise reduces disclosure specificity, readability, and lengths of KAMs. Our results suggest that the audit committee strength/diversity affects the number and content characteristics of KAMs disclosure. This study makes a unique contribution by showing that audit committee characteristics affect the content specificity and idiosyncrasy of KAMs disclosed by external auditors. Moreover, this study supports the previous findings in the UK context that audit committee characteristics affect the number and readability of KAMs. Given the global adoption of ISA 701, evidence from current study will add to the global effort to understand the determinants of KAMs reporting practices. For regulators this study contributes by showing that audit committee members’ diversity affects the content characters of KAM.
Aβ42 oligomers can seed the fibrillization of Aβ40 peptides
Authors: Wu Yi‐Shan , Huang Shing‐Jong , Wu Meng‐Hsin , Tu Ling‐Hsien , Lee Ming‐Che , Chan Jerry Chun Chung 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAggregation of Aβ40 and Aβ42 are considered as pivotal players in the pathogenic mechanism of Alzheimer's disease. In this work, we applied reverse micelles formed by sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) to prepare oligomeric aggregates of Aβ40 or Aβ42 peptides. The resultant globular aggregates were approximately 22 nm in diameter and they were capable to form mature fibrils upon self‐aggregation. Furthermore, we found that the Aβ42 oligomeric aggregates can seed the fibrillization of Aβ40 monomers. Solid‐state NMR results revealed that the Aβ40 fibrils seeded by Aβ40 or Aβ42 oligomers adopt a similar molecular structure for the residues near the C‐terminus.
High‐grade bladder cancer cells secrete extracellular vesicles containing miRNA‐146a‐5p and promotes angiogenesis
Authors: Prieto‐Vila Marta , Usuba Wataru , Yoshioka Yusuke , Takeshita Fumitaka , Yoshiike Miki , Sasaki Hideo , Yamamoto Yusuke , Kikuchi Eiji , Ochiya Takahiro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecurrence is one of the major issues in bladder cancer (BCa). Novel technologies, such as the detection of microRNAs carried by extracellular vesicles (EVs) in urine, have been proposed as biomarkers for detecting recurrence in BCa. Although the usefulness of microRNAs in body fluids from cancer patients has been reported, it is also known that they play essential roles in cancer progression. We previously proposed miR‐146a‐5p as a prognostic marker in BCa, since its urinary expression was associated with grade and tumour depth. However, the specific mechanisms of miR‐146a‐5p remain unclear. Here, we show the proangiogenic effects of miR‐146a‐5p secreted by high‐grade BCa cells. The urinary miR‐146a‐5p level was higher in patients with high‐grade BCa than in those with low‐grade BCa. Similarly, tumours generated by miR‐146a‐overexpressing BCa cells in mice grew rapidly with high levels of angiogenesis. BCa‐derived EV treatment promoted the proliferation of endothelial cells via the inhibition of the demethylase TET2 and the subsequent increase in its downstream target c‐Myc. These findings demonstrate that secreted miR‐146a‐5p contributes to cancer progression by promoting angiogenesis. Therefore, miRNAs in EVs may become not only a diagnostic tool but also a target molecule for therapy.
ELTD1 is present in extracellular vesicles derived from endothelial cells as a cleaved extracellular domain which induces in vivo angiogenesis
Authors: Sheldon Helen , Zhang Wei , Bridges Esther , Ang Koon Hwee , Lin Salwa , Masiero Massimo , Li Demin , Handford Penny A. , Whiteman Pat , Fischer Roman , Buffa Francesca , Vatish Manu , Banham Alison H. , Harris Adrian L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractELTD1/ADGRL4 is an adhesion GPCR with an important role in angiogenesis. We recently identified a role for ELTD1 in wound repair and inflammation. Activation of ELTD1 in endothelial cells results in a type II EMT to myofibroblast‐like cells that have enhanced angiogenic ability. Furthermore, expression of Eltd1 in murine breast cancer cells increases tumour growth by increasing blood vessel size and perfusion and by creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment. As extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to be involved in vascular development, growth and maturation we investigated the composition and functional effects of the EVs isolated from ELTD1 expressing cells to elucidate their role in these processes. A highly glycosylated form of the extracellular domain (ECD) of ELTD1 is readily incorporated into EVs. Using mass spectrometry‐based proteomics we identified proteins that are enriched in ELTD1‐EVs and are involved in haemostasis and immune responses. ELTD1 enriched EVs were pro‐angiogenic in vivo and in vitro and the presence of the ECD alone induced endothelial sprouting. In endothelial cells experiencing laminar flow, ELTD1 levels were reduced in the EVs when they are quiescent, showing a relationship between ELTD1 and the activation state of the endothelium. Using FACS, we detected a significant increase in vesicular ELTD1 in the plasma of patients with preeclampsia, a condition characterized by endothelial dysfunction. These data confirm a role for ELTD1 in wound repair and inflammation and reveal its potential as a biomarker of vessel dysfunction.
Diagnostic accuracy of pelvic examination in pelvic inflammatory disease: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Iwata Hiroyoshi , Sugiyama Yoshifumi , Satoi Yoshinao , Sasamoto Naoko , Aoki Takuya , Matsushima Masato 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is not a mere transient infection. PID can lead to chronic pain, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have established minimum diagnostic criteria, including pelvic examination, the diagnostic value of pelvic tenderness has recently garnered controversy. Our meta‐analysis aimed to confirm whether pelvic tenderness, cervical motion tenderness, and adnexal tenderness can help diagnose PID.MethodsWe searched for studies reporting the diagnostic test accuracy of pelvic tenderness, cervical motion tenderness, and adnexal tenderness among female patients at risk for PID, using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Google, and Google Scholar through May 25th, 2022. After quality assessment using QUADAS‐2, we performed data synthesis using a bivariate random effect model and Bayesian hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic model. We then conducted sensitivity analysis excluding studies with non‐PID cases.ResultsThe literature search produced 6769 articles. After quality assessment, 14 studies and their 2808 participants were eligible for synthesis on pelvic tenderness. Laparoscopy, either alone or in combination, was the most frequent reference standard. The main results for pelvic tenderness sensitivity and specificity were 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.67–0.90] and 0.40, 95% CI [0.25–0.57], respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were 0.72, 95% CI [0.57–0.83] and 0.50, 95% CI [0.34–0.66], for cervical motion tenderness, and 0.87 [0.64–0.96] and 0.27, 95% CI [0.12–0.52] for adnexal tenderness, respectively.ConclusionsOur meta‐analysis suggests that pelvic tenderness assessed by pelvic examination may be useful for PID examination with moderate‐to‐high sensitivity, whereas clinicians should be aware of the diagnostic significance of pelvic tenderness.
Short‐ and long‐term outcomes of laparoscopic versus open repeat liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter study
Authors: Nomi Takeo , Kaibori Masaki , Tanaka Shogo , Hirokawa Fumitoshi , Hokuto Daisuke , Noda Takehiro , Ueno Masaki , Nakai Takuya , Ikoma Hisashi , Iida Hiroya , Matsui Kosuke , Komeda Koji , Hayami Shinya , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Matsumoto Masataka , Morimura Ryo , Maehira Hiromitsu , Yoshikawa Takahiro , Kubo Shoji 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis multicenter study aimed to compare the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of laparoscopic (LRLR) versus open repeat liver resection (ORLR) for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using propensity score matching (PSM). Despite the expanding indications for laparoscopic liver resection, limited data regarding the outcomes of LRLR have previously been reported.MethodsThis study included patients who underwent repeat liver resection for recurrent HCC. Patients were divided into the LRLR and ORLR groups, and their short‐ and long‐term outcomes were compared via PSM.ResultsThere were 256 and 130 patients in the ORLR and LRLR groups, respectively. After PSM, 64 patients were included in each group. Intraoperative blood loss was significantly less in LRLR than in ORLR (56 vs 208 ml, P < .001). Postoperative complications of Clavien‐Dindo IIIa or more were significantly less in LRLR than in ORLR (3.1% vs 15.6%, P = .030). The length of hospital stay was notably shorter in LRLR than in ORLR (9 vs 12 days, P < .001). Survival rates after repeat liver resection at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively, were comparable at 93.4%, 81.9%, and 63.5% for ORLR and at 94.8%, 80.7%, and 67.3% for LRLR (P = .623). Subgroup analysis of patients who underwent wedge resection in repeat liver resection revealed that the postoperative complication rate was notably lower in LRLR than in ORLR (7.2% vs 21.8%, P = .030).ConclusionLRLR for recurrent HCC is a viable option due to its better short‐term outcomes and comparable long‐term outcomes compared to ORLR.
Usefulness of Decapolar catheter via femoral approach on CS cannulation during CRT device implantation
Authors: Sharma Rajeev , Dahiya Archit , Joshi Piyush , Wadhawan Tushar , Wardhan Harsh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device insertion comprises of a transvenous pacing lead implanted in posterolateral branch of the coronary sinus (CS) for left ventricular (LV) pacing, in addition to leads in the right ventricle and right atrium. In patients undergoing CRT device implantation, failure of CS cannulation was earlier reported to be around 10% but has come down to about 4% in recent years. Although the use of electrophysiology (EP) catheter has been reported during CRT procedures but femoral approach to place decapolar catheter as fluoroscopic guide for CS ostium cannulation during LV lead implantation has not been evaluated.Materials and methodsThe aim of the study was to compare fluoroscopy time during CRT procedure between conventional technique and using decapolar EP catheter via femoral approach as fluoroscopic marker to cannulate CS.ResultsThis study included 21 patients. Group 1 (using decapolar catheter) had 12 patients and group 2 (using the conventional technique) had 9 patients. CS cannulation was successful in all 21 cases. The mean fluoroscopy time for the CS cannulation and LV lead placement in group 1 was 10.7 (±1.03) min and in group 2 was 19.1 (±1.51) min. This difference in mean fluoroscopy time for the CS cannulation and LV lead placement was statistically significant with p < .05.ConclusionThis study highlights the usefulness of decapolar catheter via femoral approach as a fluoroscopic guide for CS cannulation during CRT device implantation. The decreased fluoroscopic time results in decreased radiation exposure to not only the patient but also to the operator.
Study on the classification and characteristics of cold surge in South Korea
Authors: Kim Eung‐Sup , Ahn Joong‐Bae 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study examined the characteristics of cold surges in the Korean Peninsula over the last 45 years (1975–2019). During the period, there were 37 cases of cold surges affected by blocking (B_CS) and 129 cases of cold surges not influenced by blocking (nB_CS), indicating that most of the cold surges were nB_CS. The blocking that caused a cold surge over the Korean peninsula occurred mostly in the Okhotsk region and Ural region (OK_B and UR_B, respectively). In rare cases, blocking occurred simultaneously in the two regions called double blocking (DO_B), causing strong and long‐lasting cold surges. The nB_CS was related closely to the propagating wave‐train, hence the mean duration of nB_CS was shorter than the B_CS because the wave‐train propagated fast from the northwest to the southeast. Although the number of occurrences of B_CS was low, B_CS was stronger and lasted longer than nB_CS. In the case of cold surges affected by UR_B, referred to as UR_CS, their progression was slower compared to the cold surges affected by nB_CS because UR_B is slowing the atmospheric flow in the west. For cold surges affected by OK_B (OK_CS), the progression was slower than nB_CS and UR_CS because blocking was located downstream, slowing the propagating trough. Accordingly, the mean durations of nB_CS, UR_CS, and OK_CS were 2.7, 3.6, and 5.1 days, respectively, the mean of the temperature anomaly throughout the cold surge, was −3.8, −5.4, and −5.1°C, respectively. Overall, both the intensity and the progression speed of the cold surges differed according to the presence and location of blocking. A common characteristic of all types of cold surges was that they occur after the passage of the trough having a baroclinic structure. In addition, all types of cold surges were linked to an expansion of the Siberian high.
Second‐Generation Differential Tissue Harmonic Imaging Improves the Visualization of Renal Lesions
Authors: Forsberg Flemming , Stanczak Maria , Sinanan Jesse K. , Blackman Rachel 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesTo compare to three nonlinear imaging techniques to conventional, grayscale ultrasound imaging of renal lesions.MethodsTwenty adults with a known renal lesion and a body mass index >25 kg/m2 were enrolled in this prospective, institutional review board approved study. Each subject was imaged with an Aplio 500 scanner (Canon Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) using grayscale ultrasound, tissue harmonic imaging (THI) and two dual‐frequency, differential tissue harmonic imaging modes (DTHI and DTHI‐II, respectively). In total 184 images were scored by three independent and blinded observers for detail resolution, image quality, margin delineation, and depth penetration. Quantitative contrast‐to‐noise ratios (CNRs) were also calculated.ResultsReaders and CNR values showed that nonlinear imaging was superior to grayscale ultrasound (P < .0014). DTHI‐II outperformed DTHI, THI, and grayscale ultrasound with respect to detail resolution, image quality, and margin delineation (P < .012). The depth penetration of DTHI and DTHI‐II was similar (P = .16), but superior to grayscale ultrasound and THI (P < .001). Two observers saw improvements in detail resolution with DTHI‐II over DTHI (P < .05), while image quality and margin delineation were considered similar by two readers (P > .07) and improved with DTHI‐II by one (P < .017).ConclusionsDTHI‐II improves the imaging of renal lesions compared to DTHI, THI, and grayscale ultrasound, albeit based on a limited sample size.
Validating the accuracy of multiple sediment fingerprinting methods
Authors: Dai Wei , Chen Dan , Li Mengjie , Zeng Yi , Ni Lingshan , Fang Nufang , Shi Zhihua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSediment source fingerprinting provides an effective and reliable way for targeted control of soil erosion. However, the accuracy of source contribution predictions of different fingerprinting methods has not been well verified, which affects the further application of these methods. Here, compared with the real sediment sources measured by indoor simulated scouring experiments, we verified the accuracy of two tracers (geochemical elements and n‐alkanes) and three mixing models (Walling model, MixSIAR, and Landwehr model). The results showed that geochemical properties have high accuracy in identifying sediment sources, with the mean absolute error (MAE) ranging from 3.5%–5.9%, while poor results were shown for n‐alkanes (MAE values 7.5%–45.7%). The Walling model and MixSIAR showed higher accuracy of contribution prediction, and the MAE was 3.5%–5.9% and 0.7%–3.5%, respectively. Although Landwehr also presented high accuracy of model output, it was relatively less robust compared with the former two mixing models (the MAE range was 3.8%–9.7%). Furthermore, the mixing model with three correction factors (particle size, organic matter (OM), and particle size with OM) showed poor output results for scouring experiments. This study provides a reference for the selection and determination of tracers, mixing models, and correction factors in field experiments.