bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Celiac Disease and Serious Infections: A Nationwide Cohort Study From 2002 to 2017
Authors: Röckert Tjernberg Anna , Mårild Karl , Söderling Jonas , Lebwohl Benjamin , Roelstraete Bjorn , Bonnedahl Jonas , Green Peter H.R. , Ludvigsson Jonas F. 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Patients with celiac disease (CD) have an increased risk of encapsulated bacterial infections. Less is known about other serious infections in CD, especially in patients diagnosed in the 21st century.

METHODS:
We contacted all 28 pathology departments in Sweden through the Epidemiology Strengthened by histoPathology Reports in Sweden (ESPRESSO) cohort study and identified 20,088 individuals with CD (defined as villous atrophy) diagnosed in 2002–2017. Patients were matched for sex, age, and calendar year to 80,152 general population comparators and followed up until December 31, 2019. Serious infections were defined as having a hospital-based (inpatient and outpatient) diagnosis in the National Patient Register. Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) controlling for education, country of birth, and comorbidities.

RESULTS:
During 173,695 person-years of follow-up, 6,167 individuals with CD (35.5/1,000 person-years) had a serious infection. This was compared with 19,131 infections during 743,260 person-years (25.7/1,000 person-years) in matched comparators, corresponding to an aHR of 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.25–1.33). aHR were similar when restricted to infection requiring hospital admission (1.23; 95% CI = 1.17–1.29). The excess risk of serious infections also persisted beyond the first year after CD diagnosis (aHR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.20–1.29). Patients with CD were at risk of sepsis (aHR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.09–1.45) and gastrointestinal infections (1.60; 95% CI = 1.47–1.74). Mucosal healing during CD follow-up did not influence the risk of subsequent serious infections.

DISCUSSION:
This nationwide study of patients with celiac disease diagnosed in the 21st century revealed a significantly increased risk of serious infections. While absolute risks were modest, vaccinations should be considered during CD follow-up care.
RESIST-HCV Criteria to Monitor Progression of Low-Risk Esophageal Varices in Patients With Compensated Cirrhosis After HCV Eradication: The SIMPLE Study
Authors: Calvaruso Vincenza , Celsa Ciro , D'Ambrosio Roberta , Simone Fabio , Petta Salvatore , Cacciola Irene , Enea Marco , Battaglia Salvatore , Pandolfo Alessandra , Licata Massimo , Degasperi Elisabetta , Cabibbo Giuseppe , Di Marco Lorenza , Pennisi Grazia , Borghi Marta , Di Martino Vincenzo , Filomia Roberto , Abdel-Hadi Yasmin , Crapanzano Luciano , Raimondo Giovanni , Lampertico Pietro , Craxì Antonio , Cammà Calogero , Di Marco Vito 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Noninvasive criteria to predict the progression of low-risk esophageal varices (EV) in patients with compensated hepatitis C virus (HCV) cirrhosis after sustained virological response (SVR) by direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are lacking. Our aim was to assess the diagnostic performance of Rete Sicilia Selezione Terapia–HCV (RESIST-HCV) criteria for EV progression compared with elastography-based criteria (Baveno VI, Expanded Baveno VI, and Baveno VII-HCV criteria).

METHODS:
All consecutive patients observed at 3 referral centers with compensated HCV cirrhosis with or without F1 EV who achieved sustained virological response by DAAs were classified at last esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) as RESIST-HCV low risk (i.e., low probability of high-risk varices [HRV]) if platelets were >120 × 109/L and serum albumin >3.6 g/dL or RESIST-HCV high risk (i.e., high probability of HRV) if platelets were <120 × 109/L or serum albumin <3.6 g/dL. The primary outcome was the progression to HRV. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and decision curve analysis of noninvasive criteria were calculated.

RESULTS:
The cohort consisted of 353 patients in Child-Pugh class A (mean age 67.2 years, 53.8% males). During a mean follow-up of 44.2 months, 34 patients (9.6%, 95% CI 6.7%–13.5%) developed HRV. At the last EGDS, 178 patients (50.4%) were RESIST-low risk, and 175 (49.6%) were RESIST-high risk. RESIST-HCV criteria showed the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.65–0.75), correctly sparing the highest number of EGDS (54.3%), with the lowest false-positive rate (45.7%), compared with elastography-based criteria. Decision curve analysis showed that RESIST-HCV had higher clinical utility than elastography-based criteria.

DISCUSSION:
Biochemical-based RESIST-HCV criteria are useful to easily predict HRV development after HCV eradication by DAAs in patients with compensated cirrhosis and low-risk EV.
Transcutaneous Electrical Acustimulation Improves Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation by Accelerating Colon Transit and Reducing Rectal Sensation Using Autonomic Mechanisms
Authors: Huang Zhihui , Lin Zhenghua , Lin Chenhong , Chu Hua , Zheng Xia , Chen Binrui , Du Lijun , Chen Jiande D.Z. , Dai Ning 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Slow colon transit and visceral hypersensitivity are recognized as major pathophysiological mechanisms in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). However, there is a lack of therapies targeting both abdominal pain and colonic motility. This study was designed to investigate the long-term effects and possible mechanisms of transcutaneous electrical acustimulation (TEA) in patients with IBS-C.

METHODS:
Fifty-two patients with IBS-C were randomized into 2 groups: daily TEA for 4 weeks (n = 26) and daily sham-TEA for 4 weeks (n = 26). The number of complete spontaneous bowel movements per week (CSBMs/week, primary outcome), Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring System, Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life, visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, colonic transit time, and anorectal physiology were evaluated before treatment and at the end of the treatment. Colonic transit was assessed with radiopaque markers. Electrocardiograms were recorded for assessing autonomic functions.

RESULTS:
(i) TEA improved constipation and abdominal pain. After the treatment, the number of CSBMs/week during the last week in the TEA group was higher than that in the sham-TEA group (3.5 ± 1.6 vs 2.3 ± 0.6, P = 0.002). Similar effects were also noted in the visual analog scale pain score (P = 0.002) and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring System score (P = 0.025). In addition, there was a significant improvement in the quality of life of patients with constipation. The Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life total score was significantly decreased in the TEA group (P = 0.004). (ii) Compared with sham-TEA, TEA improved colon transit (P = 0.002) and increased the threshold of rectal sensation (desire to defecate, P = 0.004; maximum tolerability, P < 0.001). (iii) TEA increased vagal activity, compared with sham-TEA (P < 0.05); at the end of the treatment, the vagal activity was significantly correlated with colon transit and the CSBMs/week.

DISCUSSION:
TEA improves constipation and symptoms of IBS by accelerating colon transit and reducing rectal sensation, possibly mediated by using the autonomic mechanisms.
Outcomes of Exercise Interventions in Patients With Advanced Liver Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Jamali Taher , Raasikh Taaj , Bustamante Gabriel , Sisson Amy , Tandon Puneeta , Duarte-Rojo Andres , Hernaez Ruben 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Frailty and sarcopenia are common complications of advanced liver disease. Owing to associated morbidity/mortality, there have been targeted efforts to prevent and/or improve both by enrolling these patients in focused exercise programs. This review systematically analyzes the data of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on anthropometric, physical fitness, quality-of-life, and safety outcomes of exercise interventions in patients with advanced liver disease.

METHODS:
Two authors independently searched trials on PubMed and EMBASE from inception up to November 18, 2021. A third independent arbitrator adjudicated all disagreements. We qualitatively summarized these outcomes as follows: (i) muscular fitness (maximal inspiratory/expiratory pressures, muscle size, muscle strength, and bioimpedance testing), (ii) cardiorespiratory fitness (cardiopulmonary exercise testing and 6-minute walk distance), (iii) quality of life, and (iv) others (safety or frailty indices).

RESULTS:
There were 11 RCTs (4 home-based interventions) with 358 participants. Interventions ranged from 8 to 14 weeks and included cycling, walking, resistance exercises, balance and coordination training, and respiratory exercises. All described outcomes compared preintervention with postintervention measurements. Nine studies showed statistically significant improvements in at least 1 physical fitness variable. Ten studies showed statistically significant improvements in at least 1 muscular fitness variable. Six studies showed statistically significant improvements in at least 1 quality-of-life variable. Attrition rates ranged from 5% to 36%, and adherence rates ranged very widely from 14% to 100%. Only 1 study reported frailty indices. Notably, no complications of portal hypertension were seen in intervention groups in the 9 studies that reported these data.

DISCUSSION:
A review of 11 RCTs with 358 participants with advanced liver disease demonstrates that exercise interventions can have favorable outcomes on muscular/cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life. Although attrition and adherence varied, these interventions seem to be safe in patients with cirrhosis and are well tolerated.
Concordance of ICD-10 Codes and the Clinical Diagnosis of Alcoholic Hepatitis
Authors: Geng Calvin X. , Gudur Anuragh R. , Patterson Daniel R. , Stotts Matthew J. 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Many studies on alcoholic hepatitis (AH) use the International Classification of Disease (ICD) coding to identify patients. Data regarding the diagnostic accuracy of ICD codes for AH are limited.

METHODS:
A total of 151 patients with ICD-10 codes for AH were reviewed for the presence or absence of AH using standardized diagnostic criteria.

RESULTS:
Sixty-eight of the 151 patients met AH criteria, corresponding to a positive predictive value of 45%. Patients with AH experienced higher model for end-stage liver disease and mortality than those who did not (P < 0.05).

DISCUSSION:
Our results suggest ICD-10 codes are not reliable for identifying AH. Studies using the ICD codes should be interpreted cautiously.
A Combined Baveno VII and Spleen Stiffness Algorithm to Improve the Noninvasive Diagnosis of Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension in Patients With Compensated Advanced Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Dajti Elton , Ravaioli Federico , Marasco Giovanni , Alemanni Luigina Vanessa , Colecchia Luigi , Ferrarese Alberto , Cusumano Caterina , Gemini Stefano , Vestito Amanda , Renzulli Matteo , Golfieri Rita , Festi Davide , Colecchia Antonio 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:
A noninvasive diagnosis of clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) has important prognostic and therapeutic implications for patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease. We aimed to validate and improve the available algorithms for the CSPH diagnosis by evaluating spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective study including patients with liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥10 kPa, no previous decompensation, and available measurements of hepatic venous pressure gradient, LSM, and SSM by transient elastography referring to our center in Bologna. The diagnostic algorithms were adequate if negative and positive predictive values were >90% when ruling out and ruling in CSPH, respectively; these models were validated in a cohort from Verona. The 5-year decompensation rate was reported.

RESULTS:
One hundred fourteen patients were included in the derivation cohort. The Baveno VII diagnostic algorithm (LSM ≤15 kPa + platelet count ≥150 × 109/L to rule out CSPH and LSM >25 kPa to rule in CSPH) was validated; however, 40%–60% of the patients remained in the gray zone. The addition of SSM (40 kPa) to the model significantly reduced the gray zone to 7%–15%, maintaining adequate negative and positive predictive values. The diagnostic algorithms were validated in a cohort of 81 patients from Verona. All first decompensation events occurred in the “rule-in” zone of the model including SSM.

DISCUSSION:
The addition of SSM significantly improves the clinical applicability of the algorithm based on LSM and platelet count for CSPH diagnosis. Our models can be used to noninvasively identify candidates for nonselective beta-blocker treatment and patients at a high risk of decompensation.
Anamnestic, clinical and laboratory features of the acute period of ischemic stroke in young patients
Authors: Gusev V. V. , Kovtun O. P. , Lvova O. A. , Partylova E. A. , Sergeev A. P. , Sergeeva M. V. , Yanchuk I. T. , Dobrazova D. A. , Suvorkov P. A. , Shamalov N. A. 
Published: June 2022

Objective: to study the anamnestic, clinical and laboratory features of the acute period of ischemic stroke (IS) and to determine the risk factors for its development in young patients.Patients and methods. Clinical and statistical processing of data of 256 patients aged 18 to 44 years included, who had IS, confirmed by computed and/or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in the acute period, was carried out. Furthermore, in 154 patients and in 117 healthy participants, who made up the control group, eight polymorphisms of the thrombophilic spectrum genes were determined – FGB: -455G>A, F2: 20210G>A, F5: 1691G>A, F7: 10976G>A, F13: 103 G>T, ITGA2: 807C>T, ITGB3: 1565 T>C, PAI-1: -675 5G>4G.Results and discussion. 154 (60.15%) patients demonstrated good recovery (achievement of a level of ≤2 points on the Rankin scale by the patient). None of the patients died during their hospitalization. In the evaluated group of patients, we identified allelic variants of the thrombophilic spectrum genes and gene-gene combinations, the carriage of which increased the likelihood of IS development at the young age by 1.74 and 2.19 times, respectively. Taking into consideration additional examination methods, the pathogenetic variant of IS according to the TOAST classification was verified in 226 (88%) patients.Conclusion. In IS at a young age a detailed assessment of risk factors is required, including an analysis of carrier variants and combinations of procoagulant and prothrombotic spectrum gene polymorphisms.
Zadovoljstvo študentov zdravstvene nege s kliničnim usposabljanjem
Authors: Rožnik Anet , Božič Anika , Prosen Mirko , Ličen Sabina 
Published: June 2022

Uvod: Na kliničnem usposabljanju ima podpora kliničnih mentorjev ključno vlogo pri zadovoljstvu študentov. Namen raziskave je bil raziskati zadovoljstvo študentov zdravstvene nege s kliničnim usposabljanjem in oceniti stopnjo podpore, ki so je bili deležni.Metode: Uporabljena je bila kvantitativna neeksperimentalna metoda empiričnega raziskovanja. Instrument raziskave je bil vprašalnik zaprtega tipa (CLEI-19) z 19 trditvami. Raziskava je potekala na priložnostnem vzorcu študentov dodiplomskega študijskega programa zdravstvene nege (n = 106) ene izmed fakultet v Sloveniji. Pri statistični analizi podatkov sta bili uporabljeni deskriptivna ter interferenčna statistika (Mann- Whitneyjev U-test).Rezultati: Rezultati kažejo zadovoljstvo študentov zdravstvene nege s kliničnim usposabljanjem ( = 3,55, s = 1,064, p < 0,001) in zaznano podporo kliničnih mentorjev ( = 3,70, s = 0,856, p < 0,001). Med študenti zdravstvene nege ni opaziti statistično pomembnih razlik med spoloma, načinoma študija in letnikoma študija (p > 0,05) tako v povezavi z zadovoljstvom z zadnjim kliničnim usposabljanjem kot z zaznano podporo kliničnega mentorja.Diskusija in zaključek: Študenti izkazujejo zadovoljstvo s kliničnim usposabljanjem in med njegovim izvajanjem občutijo podporo kliničnega mentorja. Z namenom ohranjanja tovrstne kakovosti klinične izkušnje in njene nadgradnje bi bilo smiselno v usposabljanje kliničnih mentorjev vključiti več vsebin o mentorskih kompetencah, ki bi izboljšale zadovoljstvo študentov s kliničnim usposabljanjem in povečale podporo mentorjev.
PENGARUH MODAL KERJA, RASIO LIKUIDITAS, SOLVABILITAS DAN AKTIVITAS TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA PERUSAHAAN INDEKS PEFINDO i-GRADE PERIODE 2007-2018
Authors: Virgantara Dika Zanuar 
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of working capital liquidity ratios, solvency and activity on profitability at PEFINDO i-GRADE index companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the period 2007-2018. Profitability is the net profit after tax obtained by a company. The PEFINDO i-GRADE index is an index that measures the price performance of 30 listed companies with investment grade ratings from PEfINDO (iDAAA to idBBB) which have the largest market capitalization. The GAP in this study is that there is a discrepancy between the results of the research and the inconsistent theory and results of previous research. In this study, the financial ratios of Working Capital (NWC), Liquidity (CR), Solvency (DER) and Activities (TATO) are taken. This study uses a causal associative method with a quantitative approach, the data used are secondary data from the company's financial statements, the PEFIND i-GRADE Index for 12 years from 2007-2018. The sample was determined by purposive sampling technique. The sample in this study were 14 companies and were analyzed using EVIEWS version 10. The data testing techniques used in this study included classical assumption tests, correlation tests, simple regression tests, and multiple regression tests. Furthermore, testing the hypothesis using the coefficient of determination, t test and F test. The results of the analysis show that the Net Working Capita (NWC) variable produces a t count of (-0.017) < t table of (-1.974) and a probability value of (0.96) > (0.05) which means that the Net Working Capital (NWC) partially has no effect on Profitability (ROA). The variable Curren Ratio (CR) produces t count of (-3.4212) > t table of (-1.974) and the value of probability is equal (0.0046) < (0.05), which means that Current Ratio (CR) partially affects profitability (ROA). to Equity Ratio (DER) produces t count of (-0.8288) > t table of (-1.974) and the value of probability (0.423) > (0.05) which means that partially the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) has no effect on profitability (ROA) The Total Asset Turn Over (TATO) variable produces t count (-0.3762) < t table (-1.974) and a probability value (0.712) > (0.05) which means that partially Total Asset Turn Over (TATO) has no effect on profitability ( ROA) .From all the independent variable testing simultaneously, it is obtained that F count is (3.86) > F table (2.66) and the value of probability is equal (0.028) < (0.05) which means together the Net Working Capita (NWC), Curren Ratio ( CR), Dept. Equity Ratio (DER) and Total Asset Turn Over (TATO) has a significant effect on profitability (ROA).It can be concluded that the CR variable partially has a significant effect on profitability (ROA). While the variables of NWC, DER and TATO partially do not have a significant effect on profitability (ROA). Simultaneously NWC, CR, DER and TATO have a significant effect on Profitability (ROA).
On some variational problems involving capacity, torsional rigidity, perimeter and measure
Authors: van den Berg Michiel , Malchiodi Andrea 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We investigate the existence of a maximiser among open, bounded, convex sets in

R
d

\mathbb{R}^{d}

,

d
≥
3

d\geq 3

, for the product of torsional rigidity and Newtonian capacity (or logarithmic capacity if

d
=
2

d=2

), with constraints involving Lebesgue measure or a combination of Lebesgue measure and perimeter.
Copper(ii) complexes supported by modified azo-based ligands: Nucleic acid binding and molecular docking studies
Authors: Tripathi Mamta , Asatkar Ashish Kumar , Antony Stalin , Dash Mrinal Kanti , Roymahapatra Gourisankar , Pande Rama , Sarkar Avijit , Aldakheel Fahad M. , Binshaya Abdulkarim S. , Alharthi Nahed S. , Alaofi Ahmed L. , Alqahtani Mohammed S. , Syed Rabbani 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Two new copper(ii) complexes [CuL1] (1) and [CuL2] (2) derived from azo-based ligands 2-hydroxy-5-p-tolylazo-benzaldehyde (HL1) and 1-(2-hydroxy-5-p-tolylazo-phenyl)-ethan-one (HL2) were synthesized. These two ligands and their metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C), infrared, and UV/Vis spectroscopic techniques. Spectroscopy and other theoretical studies reveal the geometry of copper complexes, and their binding affinity towards nucleic acids are major groove binding.
Assessment and optimization of photovoltaic systems at the University Ibn Tofail according to the new law on renewable energy in Morocco using HOMER Pro
Authors: El Mokhi Chakib , Choukai Oumaima , Hachimi Hanaa , Ait Errouhi Ahmed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The current study aims to investigate and optimize the photovoltaic systems currently in operation at the University of Ibn Tofail in Kenitra, Morocco. The University has started already since 2017 to integrate photovoltaic systems in the form of carports with the objective to reduce the invoices for electricity supplied from the utility grid by at least around 40%. Until then, the University avoided selling the energy surplus to the local electricity provider due to complicated bureaucratic regulations. However, due to the new law on renewable energy adopted by the Moroccan government in November 2021, it will be possible for private households and public service buildings to sell the entire excess of energy produced by renewable energy systems instead of only 20% of the surplus according to the previous law 13-09. For this purpose, this research project seeks to verify whether an expansion of the available photovoltaic installations and the sale of the energy surplus is worthwhile or not. This research work has been done with the optimization software HOMER Pro and presents the obtained optimized results and proposals of two new scenarios in comparison to already existing photovoltaic arrays.
Potential role of melatonin in prevention and treatment of lung cancer
Authors: Ngai Zi Ni , Chok Kian Chung , Ng Khuen Yen , Koh Rhun Yian , Chye Soi Moi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the most lethal cancer worldwide. Melatonin, an indoleamine produced in the pineal gland, shows anticancer effects on a variety of cancers, especially lung cancer. Herein, we clarify the pathophysiology of lung cancer, the association of circadian rhythm with lung, and the relationship between shift work and the incidence of lung cancer. Special focus is placed on the role of melatonin receptors in lung cancer, the relationship between inflammation and lung cancer, control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and immunomodulation in lung cancer by melatonin. A review of the drug synergy of melatonin with other anticancer drugs suggests its usefulness in combination therapy. In summary, the information compiled may serve as a comprehensive reference for the various mechanisms of action of melatonin against lung cancer, as a guide for the design of future experimental research and for advancing melatonin as a therapeutic agent for lung cancer.