bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water Injection Pressure Management in a Deepwater Subsea Development: A Case Study from the Sangomar Field Development
Authors: Jagtenberg Pieter , Brown Zach 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Sangomar Field (formerly known as the SNE Field), containing both oil and gas, is located 100 kilometres south of Dakar and is Senegal’s first offshore oil development. The deep-water field comprises a series of multi-stacked reservoir units. Treated and filtered seawater will be injected into the primary oil reservoirs to provide pressure maintenance and sweep to maximise production and recovery. The injection water treatment system is designed to safeguard well injectivity and support long term injection under matrix conditions. The window between initial reservoir pressure and fracture pressure is relatively narrow. On one hand, to eliminate any risk of out of zone losses, injection pressures should be capped at relatively low values. On the other hand, dynamic reservoir simulation results indicate a clear positive correlation between injection pressure and production and recovery, highlighting the benefits of higher injection pressures. To address these challenges, an integrated system for injection pressure management has been developed.
Using clearly articulated fracturing concepts, such as slip re-activation of natural fractures, fracture re-opening of existing fractures and initiation of new fractures, all injector wells can be categorised according to their respective probability, reversibility and consequence of out of zone injection. This framework is then used to guide the process of managing respective injection pressure limits.
To complement this process, a subsea control system has been designed in-house to safely maximise injection pressures for each well independently. While ‘steady-state’ injection pressure limits are set to avoid unintentional fracturing of the bounding shales between the reservoir units, the dynamic aspect of the control system enables the poro-elastic effects to be exploited to maximise injection pressures without initiating fracturing in the sandstone.
This case study presents an original proactive approach to managing injection pressures that is significantly more nuanced than the bookends of matrix and fractured injection. The problems and solutions described in this paper required a truly multidisciplinary effort. The result is a comprehensive, and possibly unique, operational strategy combined with a novel pressure control system that is expected to maximise the value from waterflooding in Sangomar.
Safety Recovery Around Failed Tree Seals in an Offshore Gas Well
Authors: Tyagi Vipin , Bates Nick , Gurmin Ian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Safe production from oil and gas wells always entails a two-barrier policy. In the well of interest, the primary barrier was breached while the secondary barrier was holding, and well fluids were observed in one of the tree ports during routine maintenance operations. The well was quickly made safe by closing a primary barrier, the downhole surface-controlled subsea safety valve (SCSSSV), and installation of a secondary barrier in the form of plugs downhole. To bring production back, the root cause was investigated, and it was determined that the straight-bore metal-to-metal seal, which seals the tubing at the interface of the tree and the tubing hanger, was compromised.
After a successful installation of a new seal, pressure integrity could not still be ensured as it was further determined that there was pitting corrosion, observed on the tubing hanger, which did not allow the seal to successfully seal the pressure across the tubing hanger neck. Restoration of the well would depend on the repair of the tubing hanger, which would have required a complete workover, an approach that was deemed prohibitively expensive.
A novel approach was implemented to machine out an additional groove on the tree body to provide an additional elastomer seal as a secondary barrier as opposed to the traditional metal-to-metal seal. This paper demonstrates the approach and successful restoration of the safety and well production. The approach can be widely utilized in establishing safety barriers in similar situations.
Convergent genomics of longevity in Rockfishes highlights the genetics of human lifespan variation
Authors: Treaster Stephen , Deelen Joris , Daane Jacob , Murabito Joanne , Karasik David , Harris Matthew 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Longevity is a defining, heritable trait that varies dramatically between species. To resolve the genetic regulation of this trait, we have mined genomic variation in rockfishes, which range in longevity from 11 to over 205 years. Multiple shifts in rockfish longevity have occurred independently, and in a short evolutionary time frame, thus empowering convergence analyses. Our analyses reveal a common network of genes under convergent evolution, encompassing established aging regulators such as insulin-signaling, yet also identify flavonoid (aryl-hydrocarbon) metabolism as a novel pathway modulating longevity. The selective pressures on these pathways indicate the ancestral state of rockfishes was long-lived, and that the changes in short-lived lineages are adaptive. Further, these pathways were used to explore GWAS of human longevity, identifying the aryl-hydrocarbon metabolism pathway to be significantly associated with human survival to the 99th percentile. This evolutionary intersection defines and cross-validates a novel, conserved genetic architecture that associates with the evolution of longevity across vertebrates.
Generating Synthetic Mixed-type Longitudinal Electronic Health Records for Artificial Intelligent Applications
Authors: Zhu Tingting , Li Jin , Cairns Benjamin , Li Jingsong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The recent availability of electronic health records (EHRs) have provided enormous opportunities to develop artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. However, patient privacy has become a major concern that limits data sharing across hospital settings and subsequently hinders the advances in AI. Synthetic data, which benefits from the development and proliferation of generative models, has served as a promising substitute for real patient EHR data. However, the current generative models are limited as they only generate single type of clinical data for a synthetic patient, i.e., either continuous-valued or discrete-valued. In this paper, we propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) entitled EHR-M-GAN which simultaneously synthesizes mixed-type timeseries EHR data. EHR-M-GAN is capable of capturing the multidimensional, heterogeneous, and correlated temporal dynamics in patient trajectories. We have validated EHR-M-GAN on three publicly-available intensive care unit databases with records from a total of 141,488 unique patients, and performed privacy risk evaluation of the proposed model. EHR-M-GAN has demonstrated its superiority over state-of-the-art benchmarks for synthesizing clinical timeseries with high fidelity, while addressing the limitations regarding data types and dimensionality in the current generative models. Notably, prediction models for outcomes of intensive care performed significantly better when training data was augmented with the addition of EHR-M-GAN-generated timeseries. EHR-M-GAN may have use in developing AI algorithms in resource-limited settings, lowering the barrier for data acquisition while preserving patient privacy.
Abortitristoside A and desrhamnosylverbanscoside: The potential COX-2 inhibitor from the leaves of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis as Anti-inflammatory agents based on the in-vitro assay, molecular docking and ADMET prediction
Authors: Vishwakarma Rahul Kumar , Negi Aaysha , Negi Devendra Singh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The plant Nyctanthes arbor-tristis belongs to the genus Nyctanthes (Oleaceae family) which is used is in the treatment of many diseases like diabetes, cancer, inflammation, intestinal problem and tuberculosis in many countries of Asia. In this analysis, we have investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of various extracts of leaves of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis by the in-vitro method as the cyclooxygenase inhibitory potential. The reported phytochemical constituent of the plant was in-silico screened to find the cyclooxygenase inhibitory potential by molecular docking method. The molecular docking study of pre-isolated phytochemicals from the leaves of plants shows that compounds possess a great inhibition potential against COX-1 and COX-2 therefore, an in-vitro comparative study is required to conclude the selective and potential COX-2 inhibitor for the development of new anti-inflammatory drug without causing any gastrointestinal ulcer. Here we deliver a new strategy to design selective COX-2 inhibitor from the plant origin natural compound by using molecular docking technique and in-vitro screening of plant extract. In the other part of the paper abortitristoside A (1) and abortitristoside B (2) were isolated from the leaves part of the plant. The isolated compound possesses good activity against COX-2 and COX-1 (IC50 value 4.51–4.55 ug/ml against COX-2) which is also established by structure-activity relationship analysis.
Assessment of Flicker Emission in a Grid Connected Wind Farms
Authors: T MAGESH 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Wind farms in Tamil Nadu's Coimbatore district have identified several issues, including flickering emissions, frequent generator tripping, and power evacuation issues caused by a weak grid. Taking into consideration the scarcity of research on flickering emissions, this work focuses on the causes of short-term flicker severity (Pst) in wind farms that export generated power to industrial loads. To identify the scenarios that cause flickering, simulation models of Fixed Speed Wind Farm (FSWF) and Variable Speed Wind Farm (VSWF) with controllers were developed using DIgSILENT power factory software. The flicker emissions were measured at the wind farm substations using Fluke and Dranetz PX5.8 power quality analyzers in accordance with the IEC 61400-21 standard. To validate the simulation model, the results from the flickermeter during the simulation and the field measurements were compared. According to the results of this research, both fixed and variable speeds produce flicker emissions that exceed the IEC standard limit, that causes the power electronics-based industrial drives to fail to operate. The controllers were developed to improve the performance of wind farms that will benefit the current and future wind energy-efficient conversion systems (WECS).
Suprachoroidal Triamcinolone Acetonide for the treatment of Macular Edema Associated with Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ali Boushra M. , Azmeh Arwa M. , Alhalabi Nawras M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Intravitreal administration of therapeutic agents for the management of Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) associated Macular Edema (ME) is still hindered by adverse events. Delivery of therapeutics into the Suprachoroidal space provides a novel promising approach. we aim to study the efficacy and safety of suprachoroidal injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide (TA) using a microinjector as a mono-treatment of ME due to RVO.
Methods: This trial included 16 eyes of 16 patients with RVO associated ME presenting to the department of ophthalmology, Al Mouwasat university hospital, Syria. 4 mg of preserved TA was injected suprachoroidally 4 mm away from the inferotemporal limbus using a patient-customized microinjector. After injection, patients were followed after 1 week then monthly for 3 months.
Primary outcome measures included the percentage of participants with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) gain≥ 15 letters and increased intraocular pressure (IOP)≥ 20 mmHg in months 1,2, and 3, secondary measures included mean change from baseline BCVA, central subfield thickness (CST), and IOP through each of the follow-up points in addition to other measures.
Results: After injection, BCVA gain≥15 letters occurred in 68.7%, 62.5%, 50%, 50% of patients at week 1 and through months 1,2 and 3 respectively, the mean BCVA improved significantly by 16.4, 16, 14.4, and 11.9 letters (p-value<0.0005) at week 1 and months 1,2 and 3 respectively. This visual gain was associated with significant reduction of CST by 290.94±181.76 (week-1) (p-value<0.0005), 274.31±184.60 (month-1) (p-value<0.0005), 183.50±165.61 (month-2) (p-value=0.006) and 137,75±156.25 microns (month-3) (p-value=0.038). We reported one case of increased IOP ≥ 20 mmHg in the first month that decreased in the second month. The mean change of IOP readings was not statistically significant, with an increase ranging from 0.75 mmHg after the first week (p-value=0.09) and 0.5 mmHg after 3 months (p-value=0.72).
Conclusion: This study suggests that suprachoroidal TA could be well tolerated and efficacious as a mono-treatment of RVO associated ME. Future clinical trials are required to confirm its longer-term safety and efficacy and to compare this efficacy with the other therapeutic options.
Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT05038072) on 08/09/2021.
This article was published as preprint on 22/06/2022. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1701105/v1
Network Balance Scaling Improves Performance and Explainability of Machine Learning Models in Early Drug Discovery
Authors: Hönig Sophia , Bolick Wolf-Guido , Kuhn Daniel , Friedrich Lukas , Ehmki Emanuel , Fuchß Thomas , Leuthner Birgitta , Rippmann Friedrich , Rarey Matthias 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Explainable and accurate predictions of bioactivity values are indispensable to accelerate drug design and reduce attrition during drug development. To enhance the accuracy of predictions, a new algorithmic approach was designed, which unites the advantages of matched molecular series and supervised machine learning (ML) techniques. This approach named Network Balance Scaling (NBS) employs convex optimization on matched molecular series networks enriched with ML data. By applying NBS, the performance of supervised ML methods can be improved, and predictions can be rationalized following the network of similar compounds.
The approach was validated on the freely available MoleculeNet benchmark with respective ML models as well as on real-world targets and corresponding ML models provided by Merck KGaA. In all cases, when combining NBS with supervised ML models, we observe a substantial improvement in the different activity and physicochemical data sets and bioactivity-related application scenarios. The open-source code of NBS can be found freely available at https://github.com/rareylab/NetworkBalanceScaling.
Soil Erosion Risk Assessment using Geospatial Techniques
Authors: Ahad Ummar , Ali Syed Ahmad , Ali Umair 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The present study emphasized the application of geospatial techniques in measurement of drainage and morphometric parameters. Dudhganga-Shaliganga catchment with 7 sub-basins (coded as DS1-DS7) was analyzed to assess the soil erosion risk using detailed measurement of drainage and morphometric parameters using geospatial techniques. Linear, shape and relief parameters were assessed for every sub-basin and accordingly ranks were assigned on the basis of interrelationship with soil erodibility. The stream order up to 6 has been analyzed with drainage density of 1.881 with sub-parallel drainage pattern. As for as the area of interest is concerned, drainage network is controlled by lithological and geomorphic conditions with effect of subsurface structures dominant in SW sub-basins. The sub-basins were divided into high, medium and low category in terms of priority for soil Management and conservation. Ranking reveals that DS1, DS2 and DS6 come under very high soil erosion susceptibility. Existence of these sub-basins towards Pir-Panjal side having high altitudinal, high slope and deep valley topography enhance soil erosion risk supported by deforestation, unmannered cultivation on hill slopes and changing face of landscape by human activities. Besides, the sub-basins showing higher erosion rick have higher concentration of lineaments which acts as weak planes and allows easy water flow and increases chances of landslides by lubrication. Consecutively, soil erosion during heavy rain fall also gives birth to siltation problems in the plainer low lying areas as said above, which is a very serious problem to eradicate. Thus, morphotectonic and morphometric analysis applied has given an importance inferences related to soil erosion risk assessment in the area.
Accidental acquisition of a JEV rescued virus with introns unspliced in the viral genome using intron-based stabilization approach
Authors: huang ying , Xu Hongshan , Liu Shan , Lu Jiansheng , Jia Lili , Li Yuhua , Wang Rong , Yang Peng , Yu Yongxin , Yang Zhixin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The intron-based stabilization approach is a very useful strategy for construction of stable flavivirus infectious clones. SA14-14-2 is a highly attenuated Japanese encephalitis (JE) live vaccine strain and widely used since 1989 in China. To develop safe and effective recombinant vaccines with SA14-14-2 as a backbone vector, we constructed the DNA-based infectious clone pCMW-JEV of SA14-14-2 using the intron-based stabilization approach, and acquired the rescued virus rDJEV which retained the identical biological properties of the parental virus. Unexpectedly, a rescued virus strain, designated rHV-DJEV, with altered virulence was accidentally acquired in one of the transfection experiments. rHV-DJEV showed up to 105-fold increased neurovirulence compared with SA14-14-2 parental strain. Genome sequencing found that the inserted introns still existed in the genome of rHV-DJEV. Therefore, we think that the intron-based stabilization approach should be used prudently in vaccine development and direct iDNA immunization.
Aggressive aneurysmal bone cysts. Endoscopic high-speed curettage combined with percutaneous bone grafting. Case Report
Authors: Megremis Panos , Megremis Orestis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign, locally destructive hemorrhagic lesion, usually eccentrically located in the metaphysis of the long bones. A variety of treatments are available for the aggressive forms of aneurysmal bone cysts, ranging from curettage to en bloc resection technique in which the bone defect is reconstructed with vascularized or nonvascularized fibular autograft or allograft. We report a case of a 12-year-old boy with an aggressive ABC of the proximal humerus. This aggressive form of ABC had penetrated the proximal growth plate of the humerus and had expanded to the humeral epiphysis, up to the subchondral bone of the humeral head. He had been treated surgically, with an aggressive, high-speed endoscopic curettage and bone grafting of the cyst. To assess the functional recovery of the patient, the Modified Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score was used. Successful healing of the ABC of the proximal humerus was evident four months postoperatively. The Modified Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score was increased from 21 points preoperatively to 30 points, five years postoperatively. Endoscopic high-speed curettage allows a precise, thorough, and aggressive resection of the pathological tissue, which is essential for the successful healing of an aggressive ABC.
Food Hygiene Management among Food Handlers of Chitwan Nepal- Pre –Post Study Design
Authors: Khanal Gayatri , Shrestha Niki , Shrestha Sarbada , Chapagain Shakuntala , Chhetri Mamta 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Improper food handling practices are one of the major single causes of unsafe food, which can cause more than 200 diseases. Maintaining food hygiene largely depends on factors such as unhygienic practices, insufficient sanitation, inadequate cooking, improper storage, and cross-contamination which can be controlled by adequate knowledge and proper practice of food handlers. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an awareness program on safe food handling practices among food handlers.
Methods: A pre-post study was conducted in Chitwan district among 38 food handlers to evaluate the effectiveness of the educational intervention. G Power version 3.1.9.7 software is used to calculate sample size. The data collection tool was a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were entered using Epi-data 3.1 software and analysed using SPSS 16. The statistical analysis carried out was descriptive and bivariate (Wilcoxon Rank Test).
Results: 68.4% of respondents were handling food without any formal education on food handling practices. 15.8% of café/restaurants were running without a license or registration. 52.6% of food handlers had an unsatisfactory level of knowledge in the pre-test, whereas none of them were included under this category in the post-test. The median (IQR) post-test was higher than the median (IQR) pre-test score, which was statistically significant by applying the Wilcoxon sign rank test (p = 0.001).
Conclusions: Food hygiene management education for food handlers is an effective intervention for improving food hygiene knowledge and management. Food handler knowledge can be increased by encouraging food establishments/restaurants in various food safety education or training packages, thereby reducing foodborne outbreaks and food safety threats.
Pyrolysis characteristics, kinetics and biochar of fermented pine-sawdust-based waste
Authors: Zhang Yiteng , Hu Jun , Cheng Xingxing , Tahir Mudassir Hussain 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pyrolysis characteristics, kinetics and modified biochar derived from pine sawdust after fermentation (FPD) were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and comparison was established with pine sawdust (PD). The pretreatment i.e. fermentation changed the properties of raw materials and improved the pyrolysis properties . The variation range of CPI values of FPD was 6.51×10 -7 -16.38×10 -7 % 2 ·min -2 ·°C -3 , significantly higher than that of untreated samples determined under the same experimental conditions. The average activation energy of FPD was 367.95 kJ/mol attained by Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method, 389.45 kJ/mol by Kissinger-Akahira-Sonuse (KAS) and 346.55 kJ/mol attained by Starink method much higher than PD. Additionally, fermentation could enhance the adsorption capacity for methylene blue of biochar from 0.76 mg/g to 1.6mg/g due to the abundant surface functional groups and three-dimensional internal pore structure. The adsorption pattern of fermented pine wood shifted from chemisorption dominated to the synergetic adsorption of surface functional groups adsorption and intragranular filling. Pyrolysis kinetics and biochar determination provide an in-depth understanding of fermented pine sawdust pyrolysis behaviors and product characteristics, which is the basis for designing pyrolysis process and re-using fermentation residues.