bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Basic COVID-19 knowledge according to education level and country of residence: Analysis of twelve countries in Latin America
Authors: Mejia Christian R. , Aveiro-Robalo Telmo Raul , Garlisi Torales Luciana Daniela , Fernández Maria Fernanda , Bonilla-Rodríguez Francisco E. , Estigarribia Enrique , Coronel-Ocampos Johanna Magali , Caballero-Arzamendia Cecilia J. , Torres Renato R. , Conde-Escobar Aram , Canaviri-Murillo Yuliana , Castro-Pacoricona Diana , Serna-Alarcón Victor , Arias-Chávez Dennis 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionKnowing a disease is crucial for being able to fight it, especially in a region in which COVID-19 caused so many deaths, such as Latin America.ObjectiveTo determine the association between basic knowledge of COVID-19 and education level according to country of residence in Latin America.MethodologyThis is an analytical cross-sectional study. Basic level of knowledge was measured through nine close-ended questions (scale validated in Peru). The score obtained was analyzed through performing a crosstab vs. gender, age, education level, and country of residence.ResultsOf a total of 9,222 respondents, almost all of them knew the common symptoms (99%), modes of transmission (93%), and knew how to recognize which was not a specific symptom (93%). Through the multivariate model, we found that there was no association with gender (p = 0.716) or age (p = 0.059), in comparison with those who had primary or a lower education level. All the other higher education levels had statistically significant scores (all p-values p &lt; 0.001). When comparing knowledge according to countries, and using Peru as reference for comparison, Chile, Paraguay, Mexico, Bolivia, Panama, Ecuador, Costa Rica, and Colombia had a better level of knowledge (all p-values &lt; 0.001); however, only El Salvador had a lower level (p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionThere was lack of knowledge of some topics, difference according to academic degree and country. As Peru was one of countries that obtained the lowest level of knowledge, it could have influenced the fact that it was the most affected country in the world.
Trends in gastroesophageal reflux disease research: A bibliometric and visualized study
Authors: Zhang Tai , Zhang Beihua , Tian Wende , Wei Yuchen , Wang Fengyun , Yin Xiaolan , Wei Xiuxiu , Liu Jiali , Tang Xudong 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a disorder resulting from the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the esophagus, affects an estimated 10–30% of the Western population, which is characterized by multifactorial pathogenesis. Over the past few decades, there have been many aspects of uncertainty regarding GERD leading to an ongoing interest in the field as reflected by a large number of publications, whose heterogeneity and variable quality may present a challenge for researchers to measure their scientific impact, identify scientific collaborations, and to grasp actively researched themes in the GERD field. Accordingly, we aim to evaluate the knowledge structure, evolution of research themes, and emerging topics of GERD research between 2012 and 2022 with the help of bibliometric approaches.MethodsThe literature focusing on GERD from 2012 to 2022 was retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection. The overall publication performance, the most prolific countries or regions, authors, journals and resources-, knowledge- and intellectual-networking, as well as the co-citation analysis of references and keywords, were analyzed through Microsoft Office Excel 2019, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer.ResultsA total of 8,964 publications were included in the study. The USA published the most articles (3,204, 35.74%). Mayo Clin ranked first in the number of articles published (201, 2.24%). EDOARDO SAVARINO was the most productive author (86, 0.96%). The most productive journal in this field was SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES (304, 3.39%). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY had the most co-citations (4,953, 3.30%). Keywords with the ongoing strong citation bursts were transoral incision less fundoplication, eosinophilic esophagitis, baseline impedance, and functional heartburn.ConclusionFor the first time, we obtained deep insights into GERD research through bibliometric analysis. Findings in this study will be helpful for scholars seeking to understand essential information in this field and identify research frontiers.
Untargeted plasma metabolomic fingerprinting highlights several biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of coronavirus disease 19
Authors: Occelli Céline , Guigonis Jean-Marie , Lindenthal Sabine , Cagnard Alexandre , Graslin Fanny , Brglez Vesna , Seitz-Polski Barbara , Dellamonica Jean , Levraut Jacques , Pourcher Thierry 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has been a serious worldwide public health crisis since 2020 and is still challenging healthcare systems. New tools for the prognosis and diagnosis of COVID-19 patients remain important issues.DesignHere, we studied the metabolome of plasma samples of COVID-19 patients for the identification of prognosis biomarkers.PatientsPlasma samples of eighty-six SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects and 24 healthy controls were collected during the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in France in 2020.Main resultsPlasma metabolome fingerprinting allowed the successful discrimination of healthy controls, mild SARS-CoV-2 subjects, and moderate and severe COVID-19 patients at hospital admission. We found a strong effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the plasma metabolome in mild cases. Our results revealed that plasma lipids and alterations in their saturation level are important biomarkers for the detection of the infection. We also identified deoxy-fructosyl-amino acids as new putative plasma biomarkers for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity. Finally, our results highlight a key role for plasma levels of tryptophan and kynurenine in the symptoms of COVID-19 patients.ConclusionOur results showed that plasma metabolome profiling is an efficient tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Microorganisms associated with Sporobolus anglicus, an invasive dimethylsulfoniopropionate producing salt marsh plant, are an unrecognized sink for dimethylsulfide
Authors: Kröber Eileen , Mankowski Anna , Schäfer Hendrik 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSaltmarshes are hotspots of organosulfur compound cycling due to production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) by benthic microorganisms, macroalgae, and saltmarsh vegetation. Degradation of DMSP is a source of dimethylsulfide (DMS), an important precursor for formation of secondary organic aerosol. Microorganisms degrading DMS play a role in controlling the amount of DMS available for emission into the atmosphere. Previous work has implicated sediment microbial populations as a major sink for DMS. Here, we show that Sporobolus anglicus (previously known as Spartina anglica), a widely distributed saltmarsh plant, is colonized by DMS-degrading microorganisms.MethodsDimethylsulfide degradation potential was assessed by gas chromatography and 13C-DMS stable isotope probing, microbial community diversity and functional genetic potential in phyllosphere and rhizosphere samples was assessed by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons, cloning and sequencing of methanethiol oxidase genes, and by metagenomic analysis of phyllosphere microbial communities.ResultsThe DMS degradation potential of microbial communities recovered from phyllosphere and rhizosphere samples was similar. Active DMS-degraders were identified by 13C-DMS stable isotope probing and included populations related to Methylophaga and other Piscirickettsiaceae in rhizosphere samples. DMS-degraders in the phyllosphere included Xanthomonadaceae and Halothiobacillaceae. The diversity in sediment samples of the methanethiol oxidase (mtoX) gene, a marker for metabolism of methanethiol during DMS and DMSP degradation, was similar to previously detected saltmarsh mtoX, including those of Methylophaga and Methylococcaeae. Phyllosphere mtoX genes were distinct from sediment mtoX and did not include close relatives of cultivated bacteria. Microbial diversity in the phyllosphere of S. anglicus was distinct compared to those of model plants such as rice, soybean, clover and Arabidopsis and showed a dominance of Gammaproteobacteria rather than Alphaproteobacteria.ConclusionThe potential for microbial DMS degradation in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of Sporobolus anglicus suggest that DMS cycling in saltmarshes is more complex than previously recognised and calls for a more detailed assessment of how aboveground activities affect fluxes of DMS.
Effects and mechanisms of mindfulness training and physical exercise on cognition, emotional wellbeing, and brain outcomes in chronic stroke patients: Study protocol of the MindFit project randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bermudo-Gallaguet Adrià , Ariza Mar , Dacosta-Aguayo Rosalia , Agudelo Daniela , Camins-Vila Neus , Boldó Maria , Carrera Òscar , Vidal Sandra , Ferrer-Uris Blai , Busquets Albert , Via Marc , Pera Guillem , Cáceres Cynthia , Gomis Meritxell , García-Molina Alberto , Tormos José María , Arrabé Ana , Diez Gustavo , Durà Mata Maria José , Torán-Monserrat Pere , Soriano-Raya Juan José , Domènech Sira , Perera-Lluna Alexandre , Erickson Kirk I. , Mataró Maria 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundPost-stroke cognitive and emotional complications are frequent in the chronic stages of stroke and have important implications for the functionality and quality of life of those affected and their caregivers. Strategies such as mindfulness meditation, physical exercise (PE), or computerized cognitive training (CCT) may benefit stroke patients by impacting neuroplasticity and brain health.Materials and methodsOne hundred and forty-one chronic stroke patients are randomly allocated to receive mindfulness-based stress reduction + CCT (n = 47), multicomponent PE program + CCT (n = 47), or CCT alone (n = 47). Interventions consist of 12-week home-based programs five days per week. Before and after the interventions, we collect data from cognitive, psychological, and physical tests, blood and stool samples, and structural and functional brain scans.ResultsThe effects of the interventions on cognitive and emotional outcomes will be described in intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses. We will also explore potential mediators and moderators, such as genetic, molecular, brain, demographic, and clinical factors in our per-protocol sample.DiscussionThe MindFit Project is a randomized clinical trial that aims to assess the impact of mindfulness and PE combined with CCT on chronic stroke patients’ cognitive and emotional wellbeing. Furthermore, our design takes a multimodal biopsychosocial approach that will generate new knowledge at multiple levels of evidence, from molecular bases to behavioral changes.Clinical trial registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04759950.
Cannabinoids for behavioral symptoms in severe dementia: Safety and feasibility in a long-term pilot observational study in nineteen patients
Authors: Pautex Sophie , Bianchi Federica , Daali Youssef , Augsburger Marc , de Saussure Christian , Wampfler James , Curtin François , Desmeules Jules , Broers Barbara 
Published: September 2022

ContextThe management of behavioral symptoms and rigidity in patients with dementia constitutes a significant challenge. Short-term studies suggest an interest in the use of medical cannabis, but long-term data are lacking.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility and long-term safety of administering tetrahydrocannabinol/cannabidiol (THC/CBD) treatment as an additional drug to a poly medicated population with severe dementia, evaluate clinical improvements, and collect information on the pharmacokinetics of cannabinoids and possible drug–drug interactions.MethodsA prospective observational study of patients with severe dementia living in a long-term care home to whom the physicians had prescribed a medical cannabis treatment. Data were collected over 2 years. We assessed the changes in medical cannabis dosages, safety parameters, variations in neuropsychiatric problems, agitation, rigidity, the most invalidating daily activity, and disabling behavior trouble scores. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics of cannabinoids by measuring plasma levels and analyzing the enzymatic activity.ResultsWe assessed 19 patients (81.4 years—17 women and two men) receiving an average of 12.4 mg THC/24.8 mg CBD per day for up to 13 months, with no reported problems related to the treatment and limited adverse drug reactions. Clinical scores showed a marked improvement that was stable over time, deprescription of other medications, and care facilitated. The pharmacokinetic evaluation showed an expected slight reduction in the enzymatic activity of CYP1A2 and CYP2C19.ConclusionA long-term THC/CBD (1:2) medication can be administered safely and with overall positive clinical improvement to poly medicated older adults with severe dementia and associated problems. The results must be confirmed in a randomized trial.
Mediating roles of leukoaraiosis and infarcts in the effects of unilateral carotid artery stenosis on cognition
Authors: Huang Kuo-Lun , Chang Ting-Yu , Wu Yi-Ming , Chang Yeu-Jhy , Wu Hsiu-Chuan , Liu Chi-Hung , Lee Tsong-Hai , Ho Meng-Yang 
Published: September 2022

Background and objectivesLeukoaraiosis and infarcts are common in patients with carotid artery stenosis (CAS), and CAS severity, leukoaraiosis and infarcts all have been implicated in cognitive impairments. CAS severity was not only hypothesized to directly impede specific cognitive domains, but also transmit its effects indirectly to cognitive function through ipsilateral infarcts as well as periventricular leukoaraiosis (PVL) and deep white matter leukoaraiosis (DWML). We aimed to delineate the contributions of leukoaraiosis, infarcts and CAS to different specific cognitive domains.Materials and methodsOne hundred and sixty one participants with unilateral CAS (&gt;50%) on the left (n = 85) or right (n = 76) side and 65 volunteers without significant CAS (&lt;50%) were recruited. The PVL, DWML, and infarct severity were visually rated on MRI. A comprehensive cognitive battery was administered and standardized based on age norms. Correlation and mediation analyses were adopted to examine the direct and indirect influence of CAS, leukoaraiosis, and infarct on specific cognitive domains with adjustment for education, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia.ResultsCarotid artery stenosis severity was associated with ipsilateral leukoaraiosis and infarct. Left CAS had direct effects on most cognitive domains, except for visual memory and constructional ability, and transmitted its indirect effects on all cognitive domains through ipsilateral PVL, and on constructional ability and psychomotor through infarcts. Right CAS only had negative direct effects on visual memory, psychomotor, design fluency and color processing speed, and transmitted its indirect effects on visual memory, word and color processing speed through ipsilateral infarcts. The trends of direct and indirect cognitive effects remained similar after covariate adjustment.ConclusionLeft and right CAS would predominantly lead to verbal and non-verbal cognitive impairment respectively, and such effects could be mediated through CAS-related leukoaraiosis and infarct. Given that cognition is subject to heterogeneous pathologies, the exact relationships between markers of large and small vessel diseases and their composite prognostic effects on cognition requires further investigation.
A novel predictive strategy for the incidence of postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Liang Yueying , Xin Xi , Wang Hongyan , Hua Wei , Wu Yi , Wang Xinyi , Li Ping , Zhou Tong , Wang Haiyun 
Published: September 2022

Objective:Preoperative levels of cognition-related biomarkers and intraoperative cerebral ischemia and hypoxia might cause postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PND). The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive ability of preoperative plasma biomarkers along with cerebral oxygen saturation (SctO2) for the incidence of PND in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods:A total of 210 patients aged 65–80 years undergoing spinal surgery were randomly assigned to three groups (n= 70 each): propofol, sevoflurane, and propofol/sevoflurane as anesthesia maintenance protocols. Propofol was administrated target-controlled infusion of 4 μg/ml (group P), the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of inhalation anesthetic sevoflurane was 1.3 (group S), and propofol was injected with a target-controlled plasma concentration of 1.2 μg/ml, accompanied by sevoflurane inhalation 0.7 MAC (group PS). Cognitive function was evaluated 1 day preoperatively and on the 7th day postoperatively. Preoperative levels of amyloidβ-40 (Aβ-40), Aβ-42, total tau protein (T-tau), phosphorylated tau protein (P-tau), and triggering receptors on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) were investigated. SctO2was monitored intraoperatively.Results:Aβ-42 had the strongest significant correlation with preoperative MoCA score. The value of Aβ-42 associated with a high risk of PND was 28.34 pg/ml, and the area under the curve (AUC) was predicted to be 0.711. When the preoperative level of Aβ-42 was 28.34 pg/ml, SctO2max% was 9.92%. The AUC was predicted to be 0.872, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.833 and 0.841, respectively.Conclusion:Under the conditions of preoperative Aβ-42 less than 28.34 pg/ml, the intraoperative fluctuation range of cerebral oxygen saturation should be maintained within 9.92% to reduce the occurrence of PND in geriatric patients with MCI.
Distinct limbic connectivity in left and right benign mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: Evidence from a resting state functional MRI study
Authors: Pizzanelli Chiara , Pesaresi Ilaria , Milano Chiara , Cecchi Paolo , Fontanelli Lorenzo , Giannoni Sara , Giorgi Filippo Sean , Cosottini Mirco , Bonanni Enrica 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundFunctional connectivity (FC) studies showed that pharmaco-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) affects not only the limbic system, but also several extra-limbic regions, including areas belonging to resting state networks. Less is known about FC in subjects with benign MTLE (i.e., sensitive to antiseizure medication, bMTLE).Aim and methodsWe evaluated FC of hippocampus and amygdala in subjects with bMTLE, distinguished based on the epileptic focus lateralization. We enrolled 19 patients (10 with left and 9 with right bMTLE) and 10 age-matched healthy subjects. Connectivity was investigated at rest by using a seed-based regression analyses approach with four regions of interest (left and right hippocampus, left and right amygdala). Patients were also tested with a neuropsychological battery and their scores were correlated with fMRI data.Results and conclusionsOur study documented an asymmetrical disruption of FC in bMTLE, in relation to the side of the focus. Right subjects only exhibited limited altered connections, while left subjects—who performed worse in verbal memory tests—showed a wide bilateral hypoconnectivity of hippocampus and amygdala with areas belonging to language and memory network. The strength of FC between left limbic areas and language and memory network correlated with better performances in verbal memory tests. Moreover, we observed an increased FC with areas of default mode network, more pronounced in left subjects, a possible attempt to compensate cognitive deficit but without effectiveness.We believe that these findings could help to better characterize bMTLE, in which a dysfunction of limbic connectivity is detectable despite well-controlled epilepsy.
Comparison of physiological uptake of normal tissues in patients with cancer using 18F-FAPI-04 and 18F-FAPI-42 PET/CT
Authors: Mu Xingyu , Huang Xiaoxue , Li Meng , Sun Wenjie , Fu Wei 
Published: September 2022

PurposeTo calculate the physiological uptake of various tissues in patients with cancer using 18F-AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 (18F-FAPI-04) and 18F-AlF-NOTA-FAPI-42 (18F-FAPI-42) PET/CT and to compare the variation in standard uptake values between the two scans.Materials and methodsThis retrospective analysis included 40 patients with cancer who underwent 18F-FAPI; the first 20 patients received 18F-FAPI-04 PET/CT and the remaining 20 patients received 18F-FAPI-42 PET/CT. A total of 49 normal tissues, including the brain (cerebrum/cerebellum), parotid and submandibular glands, palatine tonsils, and thyroid, were identified on CT images. For these normal tissues, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) were calculated. We also compared the SUVmean of identical tissues to explore the difference in biodistribution between the two radiotracers.ResultsThe accumulation of 18F-FAPI-04 and 18F-FAPI-42 showed an analogous pattern. High uptake of both radiotracers in the gallbladder, uterus, submandibular gland, and renal pelvis was demonstrated (range: SUVmax, 4.01–5.75; SUVmean, 2.92–4.22). Furthermore, the uptake of bony tissues was slightly higher in 18F-FAPI-42 than in 18F-FAPI-04 (range: SUVmean, 0.4 ± 0.22–0.9 ± 0.34 and 0.3 ± 0.24–0.7 ± 0.18, respectively, p &lt; 0.05), while the uptake of some soft tissues was higher in 18F-FAPI-04 than in 18F-FAPI-42 (range: SUVmean, 0.9 ± 0.24–1.5 ± 0.35 and 0.9 ± 0.26–1.2 ± 0.37, respectively, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsBoth radioligands exhibited similar physiological uptake of normal tissues in patients with cancers. In addition, 18F-FAPI-42 demonstrated higher uptake of bone tissues than 18F-FAPI-04 while showing lower uptake of soft tissues than 18F-FAPI-04.