bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-arch dam safety evaluation based on statistical analysis and numerical simulation
Authors: He Qi , Gu Chongshi , Valente Silvio , Zhao Erfeng , Liu Xing , Yuan Dongyang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Foziling multi-arch dam, one of the few multi-arch dams in the world, was built on the bedrock with complicated geological conditions. It has undergone several reinforcements since it was put into service in the 1950s. In this study, the dam safety is evaluated by analyzing the measured displacements and simulating stresses in the concrete. Firstly, the multiple linear stepwise regression (MLSR) is used to train and test the relationships between the loads and displacement based on the hydrostatic-temperature-time (HTT) model. Subsequently, the contributions of water level, temperature, and time to displacements are determined, and the influence characteristics of water level and temperature on displacements are interpreted. Finally, the dam stress state is evaluated by establishing a dam finite element model and simulating the stress distribution in various operating conditions. The results indicate that (1) the dam is currently in an elastic state after the last reinforcement; (2) temperature contributes the most to the displacement, and the drastic fluctuation of temperature is the disadvantage factor for multi-arch dam safety; (3) the stresses generally can meet the requirements of code; and (4) the ideas and methods of the study can provide references for the safety evaluation of other concrete dams.
Temperature sensitivity of DNA double-strand break repair underpins heat-induced meiotic failure in mouse spermatogenesis
Authors: Hirano Kodai , Nonami Yuta , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Sato Toshiyuki , Sato Takuya , Ishiguro Kei-ichiro , Ogawa Takehiko , Yoshida Shosei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMammalian spermatogenesis is a heat-vulnerable process that occurs at low temperatures, and elevated testicular temperatures cause male infertility. However, the current reliance on in vivo assays limits their potential to detail temperature dependence and destructive processes. Using ex vivo cultures of mouse testis explants at different controlled temperatures, we found that spermatogenesis failed at multiple steps, showing sharp temperature dependencies. At 38 °C (body core temperature), meiotic prophase I is damaged, showing increased DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and compromised DSB repair. Such damaged spermatocytes cause asynapsis between homologous chromosomes and are eliminated by apoptosis at the meiotic checkpoint. At 37 °C, some spermatocytes survive to the late pachytene stage, retaining high levels of unrepaired DSBs but do not complete meiosis with compromised crossover formation. These findings provide insight into the mechanisms and significance of heat vulnerability in mammalian spermatogenesis.
Linking stellar populations to H II regions across nearby galaxies
Authors: Barnes A. T. , Chandar R. , Kreckel K. , Glover S. C. O. , Scheuermann F. , Belfiore F. , Bigiel F. , Blanc G. A. , Boquien M. , den Brok J. , Congiu E. , Chevance M. , Dale D. A. , Deger S. , Kruijssen J. M. D. , Egorov O. V. , Eibensteiner C. , Emsellem E. , Grasha K. , Groves B. , Klessen R. S. , Hannon S. , Hassani H. , Lee J. C. , Leroy A. K. , Lopez L. A. , McLeod A. F. , Pan H. , Sánchez-Blázquez P. , Schinnerer E. , Sormani M. C. , Thilker D. A. , Ubeda L. , Watkins E. J. , Williams T. G. 
Published: May 2022

Context. Stellar feedback is one of the fundamental factors regulating the evolution of galaxies. However, we still do not have access to strong observational constraints on the relative importance of the different feedback mechanisms (e.g. radiation, ionised gas pressure, stellar winds) in driving H II region evolution and molecular cloud disruption. To quantify and compare the different feedback mechanisms, the size of an H II region is crucial, whereas samples of well-resolved H II regions are scarce.
Aims. We constrain the relative importance of the various feedback mechanisms from young massive star populations by resolving H II regions across the disk of the nearby star-forming galaxy NGC 1672.
Methods. We combined measurements of ionised gas nebular lines obtained by PHANGS-MUSE, with high-resolution (PSF FWHM ∼ 0.1″; ∼10 pc) imaging from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in both the narrow-band Hα and broad-band (NUV, U, B, V, I) filters. We identified a sample of 40 isolated, compact H II regions in the HST Hα image. We measured the sizes of these H II regions, which were previously unresolved in seeing-limited ground-based observations. In addition, we identified the ionisation source(s) for each H II region from catalogues produced as part of the PHANGS-HST survey. In doing so, we were able to link young stellar populations with the properties of their surrounding H II regions.
Results. The HST observations allowed us to resolve all 40 regions, with radii between 5 and 40 pc. The H II regions investigated here are mildly dominated by thermal or wind pressure, yet their elevation above the radiation pressure is within the expected uncertainty range. We see that radiation pressure provides a substantially higher contribution to the total pressure than previously found in the literature over similar size scales. In general, we find higher pressures within more compact H II regions, which is driven by the inherent size scaling relations of each pressure term, albeit with significant scatter introduced by the variation in the stellar population properties (e.g. luminosity, mass, age, metallicity).
Conclusions. For nearby galaxies, the combination of MUSE/VLT observations with stellar population and resolved Hα observations from HST provides a promising approach that could yield the statistics required to map out how the importance of different stellar feedback mechanisms evolve over the lifetime of a H II region.
On the super connectivity of direct product of graphs
Authors: Soliemany Farnaz , Ghasemi Mohsen , Varmazyar Rezvan 
Published: May 2022

A vertex-cut S is called a super vertex-cut if G − S is disconnected and it contains no isolated vertices. The super-connectivity, κ′, is the minimum cardinality over all super vertex-cuts. This article provides bounds for the super connectivity of the direct product of an arbitrary graph and the complete graph Kn. Among other results, we show that if G is a non-complete graph with girth(G) = 3 and κ′(G) = ∞, then κ′(G × Kn) ≤ min{mn − 6, m(n − 1) + 5, 5n + m − 8}, where |V(G)| = m.
Vom Auge zur Diagnose
Authors: Jahn Claus 
Published: May 2022

SummaryDie Irisanalyse liefert keine fertigen Diagnosen, sondern erklärt durch zahlreiche Hinweise (u. a. der Individualkonstitution) mögliche Ursachen für bestehende Erkrankungen und entsprechende Dispositionen und führt somit zur passenden kausalen Therapie. Die Struktur des Irisgewebes gibt durch Zeichen wie Pigmente, Lakunen oder Radiären Informationen über den Zustand von Bindegewebe, Organen, Regulation, Nervensystem, Durchblutung sowie die Reaktionsfähigkeit des Organismus. Im vorgestellten Fall ließen sich schwere Menstruationsbeschwerden iridologisch in Zusammenhang mit einer Belastung von Schilddrüse, Ovarien und Leber setzen und somit zielgenau bis zur Beschwerdefreiheit behandeln.
An den Befund herantasten
Authors: Ahrens Tobias 
Published: May 2022

SummaryEs gibt verschiedene Formen der japanischen Bauchdeckendiagnostik, die sich aus unterschiedlichen Therapiekonzepten und Strömungen entwickelt haben. Fukushin – als eine Form der japanischen Bauchdeckendiagnostik – lässt sich hinsichtlich des Ablaufs in die Abschnitte „Kontaktaufnahme“ und „Erhebung der Einzelbefunde“ unterteilen. Mithilfe von Fukushin lassen sich Befunde wie das epigastrische Unbehagen diagnostizieren, die dann direkten Einfluss auf die Therapie haben.
Pyoderma gangraenosum als diagnostische und therapeutische
interdisziplinäre Herausforderung
Authors: Michel Daniel , Dege Tassilo , Kneitz Hermann , Stumpf Marco , Goebeler Matthias , Schmieder Astrid 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Pyoderma gangraenosum (PG) ist eine neutrophile Dermatose unklarer Genese,
die sowohl in Assoziation zu hämatologischen und neoplastischen
Systemerkrankungen, chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen und
autoinflammatorischen Syndromen als auch idiopathisch auftreten kann. Sowohl die
Diagnosestellung wie auch die Therapie des PG stellen aufgrund seiner
Seltenheit, des Fehlens großer randomisierter kontrollierter Studien und
der unzureichend verstandenen Pathogenese eine Herausforderung in der klinischen
Praxis dar. Diese Übersichtsarbeit beschreibt und diskutiert aktuelle
Erkenntnisse, die das PG als autoinflammatorische Erkrankung beschreiben. Durch
eine Dysregulation von T-Lymphozyten und myeloiden Zellen wie den neutrophilen
Granulozyten kommt es zur Entstehung von Pusteln und
großflächigen Ulzera. Klassische Therapieansätze
umfassen eine anti-inflammatorische topische Therapie, eine Analgesie sowie die
systemische Gabe von Immunmodulantien oder -suppressiva. Neuere, bisher nicht
zugelassene Therapieoptionen sind der Einsatz von Biologika und
JAK-Inhibitoren.
4 Schritte – 1 Strategie
Authors: Molsbercer Friedrich 
Published: May 2022

SummaryDas durch den Autor entwickelte Konzept „4 Schritte – 1 Strategie“ entstammt der Professional Applied Kinesiology und kann unter anderem bei Schmerzerkrankungen eingesetzt werden. Zu den zentralen Untersuchungsmethoden zählen der Ausfallschritttest zur Untersuchung der Gehmuster sowie die Prüfung des kraniosakralen Systems, der Atmung, der Störfelder und des Myofaszialen Systems. Therapeutisch kommen, wie im vorgestellten Fall, Atemgymnastik und Akupunktur zur Anwendung, aber auch Neuraltherapie und Massagen.
Die TCM-Pulsdiagnostik
Authors: Bögel-Witt Martina 
Published: May 2022

SummaryDie Pulsdiagnostik gehört neben Befragen, Betrachten/Inspektion, Zungendiagnostik und Palpieren der Leitbahnen beziehungsweise Körperregionen zu den klassischen Diagnosemethoden der Traditionellen Chinesischen Medizin (TCM). Die Methode ist komplex, benötigt viel Erfahrung und ist in der Beurteilung recht subjektiv, ermöglicht im Gegenzug jedoch sehr differenzierte diagnostische Ergebnisse. Unterschieden werden unter anderem den TCM-Organen entsprechende Pulspositionen und Pulsqualitäten wie „schlüpfrig“, „leer“, „voll“.
Pflegepersonalbemessung reloaded
Authors: Rosenthal-Schleicher Katja 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungOb PPR, PPR 2.0, PpUG oder Pepik – es ist klar, dass die Pfegepersonalbemessung auf neue Füße gestellt werden muss. Dies ist wichtig, auch um die Arbeitsbedingungen zu verbessern und ausgestiegene Pflegekräfte wieder für den Beruf zu begeistern. Doch welches ist das geeignete Instrument und wie sieht die Geschichte der Bemessung aus? Ein Überblick.
Evidence-Based and Structured Diagnosis in Breast MRI using the Kaiser Score
Authors: Baltzer Pascal Andreas Thomas , Krug Kathrin Barbara , Dietzel Matthias 
Published: May 2022

Background Breast MRI is the most sensitive method for the detection of breast cancer and is an integral part of modern breast imaging. On the other hand, interpretation of breast MRI exams is considered challenging due to the complexity of the available information. Clinical decision rules that combine diagnostic criteria in an algorithm can help the radiologist to read breast MRI by supporting objective and largely experience-independent diagnosis.
Method Narrative review. In this article, the Kaiser Score (KS) as a clinical decision rule for breast MRI is introduced, its diagnostic criteria are defined, and strategies for clinical decision making using the KS are explained and discussed.
Results The KS is based on machine learning and has been independently validated by international research. It is largely independent of the examination technique that is used. It allows objective differentiation between benign and malignant contrast-enhancing breast MRI findings using diagnostic BI-RADS criteria taken from T2w and dynamic contrast-enhanced T1w images. A flowchart guides the reader in up to three steps to determine a score corresponding to the probability of malignancy that can be used to assign a BI-RADS category. Individual decision making takes the clinical context into account and is illustrated by typical scenarios.
Key Points:

Citation Format
Modified Composite Plane Facelift with Extended Neck Dissection
Authors: Cakmak Ozcan , Emre Ismet 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe attenuation of retaining ligaments with aging leads to downward displacement of facial fat compartments and is responsible for many of the stigmata that occur with aging. The zygomatic cutaneous and masseteric cutaneous ligaments prevent the transmission of adequate traction to the malar portion of the dissection during traditional low superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS) facelift techniques which involve plication or imbrication of the exposed surface of the SMAS because they do not include surgical release of these ligaments. Inadequate release of these ligaments, especially the zygomatic cutaneous ligament may lead to an unbalanced, unnatural appearance with unopposed nasolabial folds. In contrast, extended facelift techniques (extended SMAS, high SMAS, deep plane facelift, and composite plane facelift) involving the release of these ligaments and can reposition the ptotic malar fat and diminish the nasolabial folds. Additionally, the composite and modified composite plane facelifts include orbicularis oculi muscle elevation and can achieve a more harmonious rejuvenation. However, due to facial nerve injury risk, many facelift surgeons either inadequately release these ligamentous attachments or prefer less-invasive techniques. Modified composite plane facelift allows safe release of the zygomatic cutaneous ligament, and safe entry into the right plane leaving all malar fat pad attached to the skin. Modified composite plane facelift technique also produces combined, balanced, and harmonious rejuvenation of the midface, cheek, lower face, and neck without requiring a separate midface lift procedure or a transblepharoplasty approach. Extending the sub-SMAS/subplatysmal dissection inferior to the angle of mandible, releasing of the cervical retaining ligaments, and adding a horizontal platysma myotomy below the angle of the mandible significantly improve the cervical contouring and enhances the jawline rejuvenation. This study explains modified composite-flap facelift with extended neck dissection in a step-by-step manner and highlights anatomical details to perform a safe, effective, and successful extended face and neck lift surgery.
Israeli Innovations in the Field of Plastic Surgery
Authors: Har-Shai Lior , Ofek Sar-El , Cohen Stav , Cohen Keren H. , Yaacobi Dafna Shilo , Olshinka Asaf , Dibbs Rami P. , Ad-El Dean D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNumerous innovations within the field of plastic surgery have been developed in Israel over the last few decades. Many of these therapeutic devices and techniques have been established globally with demonstrable efficacy and respectable safety profiles. This article offers an overview of recent Israeli cutting-edge medical therapeutic solutions contributing to the global practice of plastic surgery.
The MD17 datasets from the perspective of datasets for gas-phase “small” molecule potentials
Authors: Bowman Joel M. , Qu Chen , Conte Riccardo , Nandi Apurba , Houston Paul L. , Yu Qi 
Published: May 2022

There has been great progress in developing methods for machine-learned potential energy surfaces. There have also been important assessments of these methods by comparing so-called learning curves on datasets of electronic energies and forces, notably the MD17 database. The dataset for each molecule in this database generally consists of tens of thousands of energies and forces obtained from DFT direct dynamics at 500 K. We contrast the datasets from this database for three “small” molecules, ethanol, malonaldehyde, and glycine, with datasets we have generated with specific targets for the potential energy surfaces (PESs) in mind: a rigorous calculation of the zero-point energy and wavefunction, the tunneling splitting in malonaldehyde, and, in the case of glycine, a description of all eight low-lying conformers. We found that the MD17 datasets are too limited for these targets. We also examine recent datasets for several PESs that describe small-molecule but complex chemical reactions. Finally, we introduce a new database, “QM-22,” which contains datasets of molecules ranging from 4 to 15 atoms that extend to high energies and a large span of configurations.
Generation of dynamic three-dimensional genome structure through phase separation of chromatin
Authors: Fujishiro Shin , Sasai Masaki 
Published: May 2022

Significance
DNA functions in living cells are crucially affected by the three-dimensional genome structure and dynamics. We analyze the whole genome of human cells by developing a polymer model of interphase nuclei. The model reveals the essential importance of the unfolding process of chromosomes from the condensed mitotic state for describing the interphase nuclei; through the unfolding process, heterogeneous repulsive interactions among chromatin chains induce phase separation of chromatin, which quantitatively explains the experimentally observed various genomic data. We can use this model structure as a platform to analyze the relationship among genome structure, dynamics, and functions.
Discrete nonlinear Fourier transforms and their inverses
Authors: Saksida Pavle 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We study two discretisations of the nonlinear Fourier transform of AKNS–ZS type,

F

E

and

F

D

. Transformation

F

D

is suitable for studying the distributions of the form

u
=

∑

n
=
1

N

u

n

δ

x

n

, where

δ

x

n

are delta functions. The poles x

n
are not equidistant. The central result of the paper is the construction of recursive algorithms for inverses of these two transformations. The algorithm for

(

F

D

)

−
1

is numerically more demanding than that for

(

F

E

)

−
1

. We describe an important symmetry property of

F

D

. It enables the reduction of the nonlinear Fourier analysis of the constant mass distributions

u
=

∑

n
=
1

N

u

c

δ

x

n

for the numerically more efficient

F

E

and its inverse.
Fault diagnosis of rotating machinery in a noisy environment based on modified general normalized sparse filtering
Authors: Guo Lei , Wang Jinrui , Wang Shan , Han Baokun , Zhang Xiao , Yan Zhenhao , Jia Meixia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Intelligent fault diagnosis for mechanical condition monitoring has achieved a great deal of success in recent years, but most of the research is carried out in experimental environments. Vibration signals collected in real scenarios usually have strong noise interference, which significantly reduces fault classification capability and seriously affects the accuracy and robustness of classification. This paper proposes modified general normalized sparse filtering (MGNSF) with strong noise adaptability for rotating machinery fault diagnosis without any time-consuming denoising preprocessing, in which generalized normalization, weight and feature normalization, and the Hankel matrix. Diagnostic performance is studied with the change of normalization parameters and signal noise ratio. Weight and feature normalization can improve the distribution between features. The proposed algorithm is validated using two rolling bearing datasets. The experimental results show that MGNSF can extract the features of a faulty bearing under stronger noise interference and has strong noise adaptability.
Study on the aggregate motion for gas–liquid–solid agitated tank reactors design using radioactive particle tracking
Authors: Salierno Gabriel , Maestri Mauricio , Fraguío María Sol , Picabea Julia , Cassanello Miryan , De Blasio Cataldo , Cardona María Angélica , Hojman Daniel , Somacal Héctor 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This work provides a detailed study on the agitation rate influence on the solid motion within a pilot-scale slurry tank containing nickel oxide particle agglomerates suspended in iso-octane by the action of an axial impeller and slight bubbling nitrogen gas. The behaviour of a tracer particle representing solid aggregates is determined from radioactive particle tracking measurements with a spatial accuracy of ∼2 mm. An increase in the overall space occupied by the tracer is observed with increasing stirring speed. The instantaneous velocities, calculated by time differentiation of successive tracer positions, are significantly higher than the dynamic error. A measure based on the Reynolds stress as the turbulence level estimator is reliably mapped in three dimensions from the ensemble-averaged correlation matrix of the Lagrangian tracer velocity, enabling studying the influence of agitation on the turbulence levels distribution. This study offers an improved understanding of three-phase stirred reactors, which efficiencies are heavily coupled to complex fluid mechanics, especially in a turbulent flow. The axisymmetry is broken due to the presence of baffles. Incrementing the agitation intensity reduces the axial coherence of the thrust on the solid phase, raising turbulence levels, especially nearby the impeller tip.
Excited state lifetime modulation in semiconductor nanocrystals for super-resolution imaging
Authors: Ghosh Subhabrata , Hollingsworth Jennifer A , Gallea Jose Ignacio , Majumder Somak , Enderlein Jörg , Chizhik Alexey I 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We report on proof of principle measurements of a concept for a super-resolution imaging method that is based on excitation field density-dependent lifetime modulation of semiconductor nanocrystals. The prerequisite of the technique is access to semiconductor nanocrystals with emission lifetimes that depend on the excitation intensity. Experimentally, the method requires a confocal microscope with fluorescence-lifetime measurement capability that makes it easily accessible to a broad optical imaging community. We demonstrate with single particle imaging that the method allows one to achieve a spatial resolution of the order of several tens of nanometers at moderate fluorescence excitation intensity.
Enhanced interfacial charge transfer on strain-induced 2D-1D/MoS2-TiO2 heterostructures for electrochemical and photocatalytic applications
Authors: Bamola Priyanka , Rawat Saurabh , Tanwar Manushree , Sharma Mohit , Dwivedi Charu , Kumar Rajesh , Sharma Himani 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D)/one dimensionsal (1D)-MoS2/TiO2 heterostructures have proven to be potent for photocatalytic applications. Enhancement of a heterostructure’s photocatalytic activity may be influenced by the accumulation of strain at the interface, which affects the interfacial interaction. Keeping this in mind, the present paper reports strain-accumulated interfacial modification of 2D/1D-MoS2/TiO2 heterostructures for the enhancement of photocatalytic activity. Two different synthesis methods, namely the hydrothermal and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods, are used for the growth of MoS2 on TiO2 nanostructures. Micro-Raman spectroscopy reveals that strain is accumulated at the interface of the growth of the MoS2 over the TiO2 nanostructures. It is further revealed that the MoS2/TiO2 heterostructure synthesized by the CVD method induces compressive strain. Also, the heterostructure synthesized by the hydrothermal method induces tensile strain that modifies the charge separation at the interface, which is further confirmed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Moreover, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) reveals upward band-bending in the MoS2/TiO2 heterostructure synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Similarly, the heterostructure synthesized by the CVD method shows downward band-bending that leads to improved charge separation at the interface. The modified interfaces of the heterostructures are further studied for electrochemical measurements using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and photocatalytic activity by degradation of a model compound.