bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wine tourism in rural areas – hopes and fears amongst local residents
Authors: Kastenholz Elisabeth , Paço Arminda , Nave Ana 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe study analyses residents' impact perceptions and attitudes towards wine tourism development in a Portuguese hinterland region. It additionally assesses heterogeneity within the community regarding these perceptions and attitudes to inform wine route managers about possible implications and to aid adequate intervention for sustainable regional tourism development.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from February to August 2020 among the residents of Beira Interior Region (n = 272), via a survey, regarding tourism development and impact perceptions (social, economic, cultural and environmental) of the emerging wine route.FindingsResults reveal that the residents have rather positive attitudes towards tourism development with perceived and anticipated social, economic, cultural and environmental benefits. Some negative perceptions were also observed. Differences amongst residents, based on age, education and sector of activity, are also assessed and implications discussed. The latter lie mostly in suggestions regarding sensitization of residents, particularly the older and less educated, and community inclusion in engaging, endogenous-resource-based, co-created wine tourism experience development.Originality/valueThe paper provides an analysis of the community's view of rural wine tourism development, going beyond the generally studied business and market perspectives. The community's perspective is important not only due to its central stake in place development, but also its role in preserving local culture, specifically food and wine traditions, providing a welcoming atmosphere and possibly engaging in innovative, co-creative tourism experiences, permitting the generation of benefits to all involved. Community involvement is relevant from the very beginning of the destination development cycle, and hence pertinent for this emergent wine tourism route as well.
Optimum prediction model of remaining useful life for rolling element bearing based on integrating optimize health indicator (OHI) and machine learning algorithm
Authors: Nistane Vinod 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Rolling element bearings (REBs) are commonly used in rotating machinery such as pumps, motors, fans and other machineries. The REBs deteriorate over life cycle time. To know the amount of deteriorate at any time, this paper aims to present a prognostics approach based on integrating optimize health indicator (OHI) and machine learning algorithm.

Design/methodology/approach
Proposed optimum prediction model would be used to evaluate the remaining useful life (RUL) of REBs. Initially, signal raw data are preprocessing through mother wavelet transform; after that, the primary fault features are extracted. Further, these features process to elevate the clarity of features using the random forest algorithm. Based on variable importance of features, the best representation of fault features is selected. Optimize the selected feature by adjusting weight vector using optimization techniques such as genetic algorithm (GA), sequential quadratic optimization (SQO) and multiobjective optimization (MOO). New OHIs are determined and apply to train the network. Finally, optimum predictive models are developed by integrating OHI and artificial neural network (ANN), K-mean clustering (KMC) (i.e. OHI–GA–ANN, OHI–SQO–ANN, OHI–MOO–ANN, OHI–GA–KMC, OHI–SQO–KMC and OHI–MOO–KMC).

Findings
Optimum prediction models performance are recorded and compared with the actual value. Finally, based on error term values best optimum prediction model is proposed for evaluation of RUL of REBs.

Originality/value
Proposed OHI–GA–KMC model is compared in terms of error values with previously published work. RUL predicted by OHI–GA–KMC model is smaller, giving the advantage of this method.
Identifying mechanisms underlying individual body size increases in a changing, highly seasonal environment: The growing trout of West brook
Authors: Letcher Benjamin H. , Nislow Keith H. , O'Donnell Matthew J. , Whiteley Andrew R. , Coombs Jason A. , Dubreuil Todd L. , Turek Daniel B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

As air temperature increases, it has been suggested that smaller individual body size may be a general response to climate warming. However, for ectotherms inhabiting cold, highly seasonal environments, warming temperatures may increase the scope for growth and result in larger body size.

In a long‐term study of individual brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and brown trout Salmo trutta inhabiting a small stream network, individual lengths increased over the course of 15 years. As size‐selective gains and losses to the population acted to reduce body sizes and mean body size at first tagging in the autumn (<60 mm) were not observed to change substantially over time, the increase in body size was best explained by higher individual growth rates.

For brook trout, increasing water temperatures during the spring (when both trout species accomplish most of their total annual growth) was the primary driver of growth rate for juvenile fish and the environmental factor which best explained increases in individual body size over time.

For brown trout, by contrast, reduction in and subsequent elimination of juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar midway through the study period explained most of the increases in juvenile growth and body size.

In addition to these major trends, a considerable amount of interannual variation in trout growth and body size was explained by other abiotic (stream flow) and biotic (population density) factors with the direction and magnitude of these effects differing by season, age‐class and species. For example, stream flow was the dominant growth rate driver for adult fish with strong positive effects in the summer and autumn, but flow variation could not explain increases in body size as we observed no trend in flow.

Overall, our work supports the general contention that for high‐latitude ectotherms, increasing spring temperatures associated with a warming climate can result in increased growth and individual body size (up to a point), but context‐dependent change in other factors can substantially contribute to both interannual variation and longer‐term effects.
Effect of metronidazole resistance on Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens
Authors: Losurdo Giuseppe , Pricci Maria , De Bellis Margherita , Celiberto Francesca , Russo Francesco , Riezzo Giuseppe , D'attoma Benedetta , Iannone Andrea , Rendina Maria , Ierardi Enzo , Di Leo Alfredo 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesGuidelines suggest bismuth‐containing quadruple therapy (BQT) or concomitant therapy (CT) as first‐line therapy in our geographic area. Both schedules contain metronidazole. We aimed to evaluate the effect of metronidazole resistance to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication therapy.MethodsWe recruited treatment‐naïve subjects with H. pylori infection who received either CT or BQT during January 2020 and December 2021. Before therapy, a fecal sample was collected using the THD fecal test device from each patient. H. pylori DNA was extracted and mutations of rdxA and frxA genes and A2143G for metronidazole and clarithromycin resistance were investigated using real‐time polymerase chain reaction with a high‐resolution melting curve.ResultsNinety‐six patients were enrolled, including 29 received BQT and 67 received CT. The overall eradication rate was 94.8% (100% for BQT and 92.5% for CT). Metronidazole resistance was found in 18 (18.8%) subjects, while clarithromycin resistance was found in 19 (19.8%). All 18 patients with metronidazole resistance achieved successful eradication (five treated with BQT and 13 with CT). The eradication rate in metronidazole‐sensitive strains was 93.6%. Of these, 24 received BQT with 100% success, and 54 had CT with five failures (successful eradication in 90.7%). Two patients with treatment failure were resistant to clarithromycin, and the remaining three were susceptible to both clarithromycin and metronidazole. No statistical significance was observed in the eradication rate between metronidazole‐resistant and ‐sensitive strains (100% vs 93.6%, P = 0.58).ConclusionMetronidazole resistance does not influence the eradication rate of BQT and CT regimens in our geographical area, even if such results need to confirmed in a larger sample.
Does corporate social responsibility protect shareholder value from the shock of COVID‐19? Evidence from China
Authors: Chen Danni , Chen Xue , Sun Huiying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOur study examines whether and how increased engagement in social responsibility activities by a firm affects movements in its stock prices during the COVID‐19 public health crisis, which is regarded as an exogenous shock to economic ties between focal firms and their customers, employees, and suppliers. We find that corporate social responsibility has an inverted U‐shaped relationship with shareholder value. The nonlinear relationship is more dominant at firms with higher cash‐flow constraints and weaker cost‐adjustment capabilities. Our research also generates meaningful implications for business practices.
Body mass index interacts with sex to predict readmission in in‐patients with alcohol use disorder
Authors: Hoffmann Sabine , Gerhardt Sarah , Koopmann Anne , Bach Patrick , Sommer Wolfgang H. , Kiefer Falk , Mazza Massimiliano , Lenz Bernd 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA previous highly controlled pilot study revealed that body mass index (BMI) predicts outcome of in‐patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) in a sex‐specific manner. We here provide translational evidence from a daily clinical routine setting and investigated whether BMI and sex interact to predict 24‐month readmission risk in four naturalistic cohorts of a specialized addiction clinic (i.e., all patients admitted to the clinic from 2016 to 2020): (i) in‐patients (443 males and 197 females) and (ii) day clinic patients (241 males and 103 females) with a primary diagnosis of AUD; (iii) in‐patients (175 males and 98 females) and (iv) day clinic patients (174 males and 64 females) with a primary substance use disorder (SUD) other than alcohol. In the in‐patients with AUD, BMI interacted with sex to predict the 24‐month readmission risks (p = 0.008; after adjustment for age and liver enzyme activities: p = 0.012); with higher BMI, the risk increases significantly in males, whereas for females, the risk tends to decrease. In the group of overweight in‐patients, we found higher readmission rates in males relative to females with an odds ratio of 1.8 (p = 0.038). No such significant effects were found in the other cohorts. This study's findings support previous results, suggesting that the easily accessible BMI may serve as a predictive and sex‐sensitive biomarker for outcome in in‐patients with AUD. Future studies are necessary to elucidate the underlying aetiopathological mechanisms.
Acquired causes of eyebrow and eyelash loss: A review and approach to diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Mumford Blake Phillip , Eisman Samantha , Yip Leona 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEyebrows and eyelashes serve important anatomical and social functions, and hair loss at these sites can impact patients significantly. Acquired eyebrow and eyelash loss (madarosis) may be due to a variety of underlying local or systemic disease processes; in other cases it may be idiopathic. There is a dearth of literature relating to eyebrow and eyelash loss, and there is limited guidance to help clinicians treat these clinical presentations in comparison with scalp alopecia. Here, we discuss the acquired causes of eyebrow and eyelash alopecia, our clinical approach to diagnosis and review treatment options for clinicians.
Pelvic inlet area is associated with birth mode
Authors: Starrach Teresa , Schmidhuber Lisa , Elger Luisa , Franz Marie , Buechel Johanna , Hübener Christoph , Kolben Thomas , Koliogiannis Vanessa , Mahner Sven , Hasbargen Uwe , Fischer Barbara 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo determine whether a pelvis is wide enough for spontaneous delivery has long been the subject of obstetric research. A number of variables have been proposed as predictors, all with limited accuracy. In this study, we use a novel three‐dimensional (3D) method to measure the female pelvis and assess which pelvic features influence birth mode. We compare the 3D pelvic morphology of women who delivered vaginally, women who had cesarean sections, and nulliparous women. The aim of this study is to identify differences in pelvic morphology between these groups.Material and methodsThis observational study included women aged 50 years and older who underwent a CT scan of the pelvis for any medical indication. We recorded biometric data including height, weight, and age, and obtained the obstetric history. The bony pelvis was extracted from the CT scans and reconstructed in three dimensions. By placing 274 landmarks on each surface model, the pelvises were measured in detail. The pelvic inlet was measured using 32 landmarks. The trial was registered at the German Clinical Trials Register DRKS (DRKS00017690).ResultsFor this study, 206 women were screened. Exclusion criteria were foreign material in the bony pelvis, unknown birth mode, and exclusively preterm births. Women who had both a vaginal birth and a cesarean section were excluded from the group comparison. We compared the pelvises of 177 women between three groups divided by obstetric history: vaginal births only (n = 118), cesarean sections only (n = 21), and nulliparous women (n = 38). The inlet area was significantly smaller in the cesarean section group (mean = 126.3 cm2) compared with the vaginal birth group (mean = 134.9 cm2, p = 0.002). The nulliparous women were used as a control group: there was no statistically significant difference in pelvic inlet area between the nulliparous and vaginal birth groups.ConclusionsBy placing 274 landmarks on a pelvis reconstructed in 3D, a very precise measurement of the morphology of the pelvis is possible. We identified a significant difference in pelvic inlet area between women with vaginal delivery and those with cesarean section. A unique feature of this study is the method of measurement of the bony pelvis that goes beyond linear distance measurements as used in previous pelvimetric studies.
Impact of potent nucleos(t)ide therapy on hepatitis B hospitalisations in Spain
Authors: Ramos‐Rincon José‐Manuel , Pinargote‐Celorio Héctor , de Mendoza Carmen , Ramos‐Belinchón Clara , Barreiro Pablo , Treviño Ana , Corral Octavio , Soriano Vicente 
Published: November 2022

SummaryBackgroundChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major cause of decompensated cirrhosis and liver cancer worldwide. Newborn HBV vaccination was implemented in Spain two decades ago, and potent oral antivirals entecavir and tenofovir were introduced around 2007.AimTo assess the clinical benefits of these interventions nationwide.MethodsIncluding HBV as a diagnosis, we performed a retrospective study of all hospitalisations in Spain the Spanish National Registry of Hospital Discharges. Information was retrieved from 1997 to 2017.ResultsFrom 73,939,642 nationwide hospital admissions during the study period, 129,634 (0.17%) included HBV as diagnosis. Their number doubled from 2007 to 2017 and the median age increased from 44 to 58 years. Most HBV admissions recorded chronic hepatitis B. In‐hospital death occurred in 6.4%. Co‐infection with HIV or hepatitis C virus occurred in 11.9% and 23.3%, respectively. Patients with HIV‐HBV co‐infection had significantly greater mortality than individuals with HBV mono‐infection. The rate of HBV hospitalisations significantly increased over time with a transient drop around 2007, coincident with the arrival of new potent oral antivirals. Although the proportion of HBV hepatic decompensation events has declined, the rate of liver cancer continues to rise. The small subset of patients with hepatitis delta superinfection increasingly and disproportionately accounts for hepatic decompensation events and liver cancer.ConclusionHospital admissions of individuals with HBV infection are increasing in Spain. While hepatic decompensation events declined following the introduction of potent oral nucleos(t)ide therapy, HBV‐related liver cancer is rising. No benefit of oral antiviral therapies is seen on hepatitis delta.
Added value of patient‐ and drug‐related factors to stratify drug‐drug interaction alerts for risk of QT prolongation: Development and validation of a risk prediction model
Authors: Muylle Katoo M. , van Laere Sven , Pannone Luigi , Coenen Samuel , de Asmundis Carlo , Dupont Alain G. , Cornu Pieter 
Published: November 2022

AimsMany clinical decision support systems trigger warning alerts for drug‐drug interactions potentially leading to QT prolongation and torsades de pointes (QT‐DDIs). Unfortunately, there is overalerting and underalerting because stratification is only based on a fixed QT‐DDI severity level. We aimed to improve QT‐DDI alerting by developing and validating a risk prediction model considering patient‐ and drug‐related factors.MethodsWe fitted 31 predictor candidates to a stepwise linear regression for 1000 bootstrap samples and selected the predictors present in 95% of the 1000 models. A final linear regression model with those variables was fitted on the original development sample (350 QT‐DDIs). This model was validated on an external dataset (143 QT‐DDIs). Both true QTc and predicted QTc were stratified into three risk levels (low, moderate and high). Stratification of QT‐DDIs could be appropriate (predicted risk = true risk), acceptable (one risk level difference) or inappropriate (two risk levels difference).ResultsThe final model included 11 predictors with the three most important being use of antiarrhythmics, age and baseline QTc. Comparing current practice to the prediction model, appropriate stratification increased significantly from 37% to 54% appropriate QT‐DDIs (increase of 17.5% on average [95% CI +5.4% to +29.6%], padj = 0.006) and inappropriate stratification decreased significantly from 13% to 1% inappropriate QT‐DDIs (decrease of 11.2% on average [95% CI −17.7% to −4.7%], padj ≤ 0.001).ConclusionThe prediction model including patient‐ and drug‐related factors outperformed QT alerting based on QT‐DDI severity alone and therefore is a promising strategy to improve DDI alerting.
Moving beyond the moral status of organoid‐entities
Authors: Barnhart Andrew J. , Dierickx Kris 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEthical deliberations are unfolding for potentially controversial organoid‐entities such as brain organoids and embryoids. Much of the ethical deliberation centers on the questionable moral status of such organoid‐entities. However, while such work is important and appropriate, ethical deliberations may become too exclusively rooted in moral status and potentially overshadow other relevant moral dilemmas. The ethical discussion on organoid models can benefit from insights brought forth by both Judith Jarvis Thomson and Don Marquis in how they attempted to advance the abortion debate. To discuss other abortion ethical issues more fully, both Thomson and Marquis assumed differing moral status positions of the conceptus and followed lines of reasoning based on these moral status assumptions. We suggest a similar approach with controversial organoid‐entities like brain organoids and embryoids. To avoid overshadowing or overlooking other relevant ethical issues, ethicists ought to first assume an organoid‐entity moral status position (such as a high moral status or no moral status) and explore any possible arguments that may result from such a position. While we ought not to copy the content of Thomson and Marquis' arguments exactly for organoid‐entities, it is worthwhile to translate their arguments' overarching structures. This paper explores the relevant insights of Thomson and Marquis, how they can be translated into the organoid ethics debate, and what possible lines of inquiry may be worth exploring based on particular moral status assumptions.
In vitro effects of eslicarbazepine (S‐licarbazepine) as a potential precision therapy on SCN8A variants causing neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Bayraktar Erva , Liu Yuanyuan , Sonnenberg Lukas , Hedrich Ulrike B. S. , Sara Yildirim , Eltokhi Ahmed , Lyu Hang , Lerche Holger , Wuttke Thomas V. , Lauxmann Stephan 
Published: November 2022

Background and PurposeVariants in SCN8A, the NaV1.6 channel's coding gene, are characterized by a variety of symptoms, including intractable epileptic seizures, psychomotor delay, progressive cognitive decline, autistic features, ataxia or dystonia. Standard anticonvulsant treatment has a limited impact on the course of disease.Experimental ApproachWe investigated the therapeutic potential of eslicarbazepine (S‐licarbazepine; S‐lic), an enhancer of slow inactivation of voltage gated sodium channels, on two variants with biophysical and neuronal gain‐of‐function (G1475R and M1760I) and one variant with biophysical gain‐of‐function but neuronal loss‐of‐function (A1622D) in neuroblastoma cells and in murine primary hippocampal neuron cultures. These three variants cover the broad spectrum of NaV1.6‐associated disease and are linked to representative phenotypes of mild to moderate epilepsy (G1475R), developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (M1760I) and intellectual disability without epilepsy (A1622D).Key ResultsSimilar to known effects on NaV1.6 wildtype channels, S‐lic predominantly enhances slow inactivation on all tested variants, irrespective of their particular biophysical mechanisms. Beyond that, S‐lic exhibits variant‐specific effects including a partial reversal of pathologically slowed fast inactivation dynamics (A1622D and M1760I) and a trend to reduce enhanced persistent Na+ current by A1622D variant channels. Furthermore, our data in primary transfected neurons reveal that not only variant‐associated hyperexcitability (M1760I and G1475R) but also hypoexcitability (A1622D) can be modulated by S‐lic.Conclusions and ImplicationsS‐lic has not only substance‐specific effects but also variant‐specific effects. Personalized treatment regimens optimized to achieve such variant‐specific pharmacological modulation may help to reduce adverse side effects and improve the overall therapeutic outcome of SCN8A‐related disease.
Adolescents’ developing awareness of inequality: Racial and ethnic differences in trajectories
Authors: Wray‐Lake Laura , Alvis Lauren , Plummer Jason A. , Shubert Jennifer , Syvertsen Amy K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo advance knowledge of critical consciousness development, this study examined age‐related change in awareness of inequality by race and ethnicity, gender, parent education, generation status, and their interactions. With longitudinal data (2013–2017) from 5019 adolescents in grades 6–12 (55.0% female) from California, Minnesota, and West Virginia, multigroup second‐order latent growth curves were estimated for Black (13.7%), Latinx (37.0%), Asian (8.1%), and white (41.3%) youth. Black, Latinx, and Asian adolescents increased awareness of inequality longitudinally; white youth showed no change. Multiracial youth accelerated awareness of inequality in mid‐adolescence; changes in race and ethnicity predicted decline, followed by increases. Girls with more educated, immigrant‐origin parents started out more aware of inequality. Results signal the need for race‐specific and intersectional approaches to studying critical consciousness development.