bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between body mass index at diagnosis and outcomes in Chinese children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Hu Wenting , Cheung Yin Ting , Tang Yanjing , Hong Li , Zhu Yuan , Chen Jing , Wang Zhuo , Zhou Min , Gao Yijin , Chen Jing , Li Benshang , Xue Huiliang , Gu Longjun , Shen Shuhong , Tang Jingyan , Pui Ching‐Hon , Inaba Hiroto , Cai Jiaoyang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeStudies of the association between body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis and treatment outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have yielded inconsistent results. Hence, we conducted a retrospective study in a large cohort of Chinese children with ALL treated with contemporary protocols.Patients and MethodsA total of 1437 children (62.1% male; median age at diagnosis 5.7 years, range: 2.3–16.3 years) were enrolled in two consecutive clinical trials at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center. The rates of overall survival, event‐free survival, relapse, treatment‐related mortality, and adverse events were compared among patients who were underweight (BMI < 5th percentile), at a healthy weight (5th to 85th percentile), overweight (>85th to <95th percentile), and obese (≥95th percentile).ResultsAt diagnosis, 91 (6.3%) patients were underweight, 1070 (74.5%) were at a healthy weight, 91 (6.3%) were overweight, and 185 (12.9%) were obese. No significant association was found between weight status and 5‐year overall survival, event‐free survival, or relapse in the overall cohort. When analyzed as a continuous variable, a higher BMI Z‐score was associated with treatment‐related mortality (hazard ratio 1.33 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.68%), p = 0.02). The treatment‐related mortality rate was higher in the overweight (5.5%, 95% CI 0.8–10.2%) and obese (3.2%, 95% CI 0.6–5.8%) groups compared with the underweight (0.0%) and healthy‐weight groups (1.9%, 95% CI 1.1–2.7%; p = 0.04). Multivariable analysis showed that children who were overweight had a higher risk of treatment‐related mortality (hazard ratio 3.8, 95% CI 1.3–11.4).ConclusionWhile body weight status was not associated with event‐free survival or overall survival, overweight patients were at higher risk of treatment‐related mortality.
Enzymatic Electrochemical Biosensor from Eu‐Doped SnO2 Embedded in MXene for High Performance Sensing Lactate
Authors: Liu Guangyan , Xia Tianzi , Liang Xilin , Hou Shili , Hou Shifeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, Eu3+‐doped SnO2 nanoparticles are prepared and embedded into MXene (Ti3C2) laminates, and Ti3C2@Eu‐SnO2 composites are obtained. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization show that the composites have excellent electrochemical properties and unique morphology. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) results of lactate oxidase (Lox) immobilized on Ti3C2@Eu‐SnO2 indicate that Eu‐SnO2, Ti3C2, and Lox have a good hybrid coordination and biocompatibility. The enzymatic electrochemical biosensor constructed with Ti3C2@Eu‐SnO2/Lox on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) reveals an excellent linear relationship in the lactate concentration ranging from 1.0×10−9 to 1.0×10−4 mol L−1. It has a low detection limit of 3.38×10−10 mol L−1 and high sensitivity of 4.815 mA nmol−1 L cm−2. Furthermore, the fabricated biosensor has a reasonable recovery rate for determining lactate in human serum.
Producing asphaltene fibres from bitumen‐derived asphaltenes for carbon fibre development: Part one–Electrospinning
Authors: De Crisci Antonio G. , Gieleciak Rafal , Mobarok Md Hosnay , Ali Mohamed , Ngo Tri Dung , Goswami Keyur , Khan Ataullah , Chen Jinwen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBitumen‐derived asphaltenes are rich in carbon but of low value and contain other elements such as nitrogen, sulphur, oxygen, vanadium, and nickel. Their use as a feedstock for producing carbon fibre (CF) is largely under‐investigated. In this study, electrospinning was used to create asphaltene fibres (AFs), which is a pre‐carbon fibre material, from asphaltenes. Various operational parameters were investigated in order to improve the spinning abilities, such as the concentration of asphaltenes in toluene, pumping rate, voltage, and distance between the tip of the needle to the collector. Results indicated that asphaltenes concentrations had the greatest effect on the quality of the produced AFs, with the range of asphaltenes concentrations from 45 to 50 wt.% being suitable for producing the AFs, while voltage, pumping rate, and tip distance had less of an effect on electrospun AF production.
Modular TiO2‐Squaraine Dyes/Electrolyte Interface for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells with Cobalt Electrolyte
Authors: Singh Ambarish Kumar , Sudhakar Vediappan , Javaregowda Bharathkumar H. , Bisht Rajesh , Krishnamoorthy Kothandam , Nithyanandhan Jayaraj 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStrategies to diminish both charge recombination and aggregation of dyes on the photoanode by functionalizing the sensitizer with alkyl groups is the best approach to achieve high dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) efficiency. Development of such a photoanode with NIR‐active dyes which is compatible with a cobalt electrolyte is important to enhance the photovoltaic performance. In this report, alkyl‐group‐wrapped donor‐acceptor‐donor (D‐A‐D) based unsymmetrical squaraine dyes have been used for DSSC device characterization with a cobalt electrolyte. Surface passivation of photoanode was varied systematically by the extent of functionalization with alkyl groups to avoid charge recombination. DSSC device performance of 5.92 % was achieved for an alkyl‐group‐wrapped squaraine dye with a cobalt electrolyte. Hence, appending the alkyl groups on the donor unit of squaraine dyes helps passivating the photoanode, whereas introducing hydrophilic groups provides a leaky surface where oxidized electrolyte species reach the titanium‐metal‐oxide surface which promotes the charge recombination process.
A new step‐up DC‐DC converter with high gain for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Yavari Majid , Salemnia Ahmad , Javadi Hamid 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUsing interfacing converters with a high boost factor and high efficiency is essential for utilizing the solar cells energy since these energy sources produce low voltage levels. Although employing a high‐frequency transformer or coupled inductors in such converters results in high gain, these elements increase the weight, volume, and cost and affect the efficiency. This article presents a new topology for DC‐DC converter with a high voltage gain to overcome the mentioned problems. The converter provides a higher voltage gain than conventional structures while it includes only one power switch. The switch is connected to the ground; thus, a simple control circuit is required. Besides, the proposed structure has a low output voltage ripple. In this paper, the operating modes of the proposed topology, the influence of parasitic elements on the boost factor, and the efficiency have been described in detail. These item has been examined by experimental verifications. A 500‐W laboratory prototype confirms the proposed topology. Results demonstrate that the topology produces high efficiency and voltage gain.
Positive epigenetic regulation loop between AR and NSUN2 promotes prostate cancer progression
Authors: Zhu Wenkai , Wan Fangning , Xu Wenhao , Liu Zheng , Wang Junjie , Zhang Hena , Huang Shenglin , Ye Dingwei 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is a major type of cancer in man worldwide. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and the next‐generation androgen receptor (AR) pathway inhibitors have acquired great success in treating PCa. However, patients treated with ADT or AR targeted therapy are inevitably developing into castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) or becoming drug resistance. The role of mRNA 5‐methylcytosine (m5C) modification in cancers is largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the role of the m5C methyltransferase NSUN2 in Prostate
cancer (PCa).MethodsThe expression of NSUN2 and its clinicopathological impact were evaluated in PCa cohorts. The effect of NSUN2 on the biological characteristics of PCa cells was investigated on the basis of gain‐offunction and loss‐of‐function analyses. Subcutaneous models further uncovered the role of NSUN2 in tumor growth. Epi‐transcriptome assays with RNA bisulfite sequencing (RNA‐BisSeq) analysis and in vitro enzyme reaction assays were performed to validate the targeted effect of NSUN2 on AR. AR‐binding sites in the NSUN2 promoter were investigated by ChIP and luciferase assays to uncover the interplay between NSUN2 and AR signaling. RIP‐qPCR and EMSA methods were performed to confirm that YBX1 binds to AR m5C sites.ResultsNSUN2 is highly expressed in PCa and predicts poor outcome. NSUN2 plays roles as a PCa oncogene both in vitro and in vivo. Depletion of NSUN2 results in decreased expression and activities of AR, including AR‐V7. Mechanistically, NSUN2 posttranscriptionally stabilized AR by cluster m5C modification in a m5CYBX1‐dependent manner. Strikingly, treatment with enzalutamide, an effective AR inhibitor, reduces NSUN2 expression and decreases the m5C modification level in prostate cancer cells. Finally, we found that AR transcriptionally regulates NSUN2.ConclusionNSUN2 stabilizes AR mRNA through cluster 5‐methylcytosine modification and activates a positive feedback loop to promote prostate cancer.
Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Chemodivergent Coupling of Sulfoxonium Ylides and Acryloyl Silanes
Authors: Zhou Hui , Yang Zengbao , Luo Cankun , Li Jianglian , Hai Li , Wu Yong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA protocol of Rh(III)‐catalyzed C−H activation utilizing sulfoxonium ylides as traceless directing group and acryloyl silanes has been reported. This strategy provides an efficient and convenient method to construct the tricyclic skeleton of furan‐fused indanone by simultaneously constructing two C−C bonds and one C−O bond in one pot, featuring broad substrate scope. Moreover, the C−H alkenylation have been attained under controlled conditions.
Combined effect of land use change, long‐term soil management and orchard age on variability of soil quality of fruit orchards under monsoon climate
Authors: Hazarika Samarendra , Thakuria Dwipendra , Sakthivel Thandavarayan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe combined effect of land use change, long‐term soil management, and orchard age (18–40 years) on soil quality of guava (Psidium guajavaL. cv. Allahabad Safeda) and sapota (Manilkara achrasMill. cv. Cricket Ball) orchards was investigated. Besides, the soil quality of the orchards was compared against an adjacent forest soil (AFS, considered a baseline ecosystem). Values of pH, SOC, porosity, PHA, DHA, GSA, ExCa, ExMg, and DTPA‐Cu were significantly lower in drip circle soils relative to inter‐row space soils. The extent of reduction was prominent in older orchards. There was a significant building up of BD, AvP, AvK, DTPA‐Fe, and DTPA‐Zn in drip circle soils relative to inter‐row space soils. The soil variability between drip circles and inter‐row spaces across the soil depths was significant (p < 0.01). Principal component analysis (PCA) plots were generated to determine the variability of soil quality among orchards and AFS. Long‐term soil management (18–40 years) induced soil spatial variability within the orchards. Analysis of similarity showed a significant difference in variability of soil quality within an orchard, among the orchard types, and between the orchards and the AFS. Except for soil AvK, all soil quality attributes maintained a significant correlation with the PC‐axis‐1 (p < 0.05 and 0.01) that explained maximum variability (40.2%–49.4%). The DHA and SOC contributed the maximum variability (r = 0.95 and 0.92, respectively with PC axis‐1). In conclusion, the stronger factor of the variability of soil quality was in the order of land use change > soil management > orchard age.
Carbon dioxide utilization: A critical review from multiscale perspective
Authors: Yousaf Muhammad , Zaman Muhammad , Mahmood Asif , Imran Muhammad , Elkamel Ali , Rizwan Muhammad , Wilberforce Tabbi , Riaz Fahid 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) emissions contribute considerably towards increasing greenhouse effect. Carbon capture and storage can reduce CO2 emissions to a great extent but lacks economic feasibility. The economic feasibility of CO2 capture could be boosted by utilizing the captured gas to produce valuable end products. CO2 is a highly stable molecule; therefore, special catalysts and elevated conditions of temperature and pressure are required for its conversion. This review presents the current status of CO2 utilization processes from various aspects, including thermodynamic, economic, and environmental impacts. The use of process systems engineering (PSE) tools and techniques in a broad spectrum, to improve the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of these processes, is the major focus of this review. In this regard, a framework has also been presented showing the integration of various PSE techniques. All the related information in the form of tabulated data as well as qualitative and quantitative plots have been presented and critically analyzed.
Application of machine learning techniques to predict entrepreneurial firm valuation
Authors: Zhang Ruling , Tian Zengrui , McCarthy Killian J. , Wang Xiao , Zhang Kun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVenture capital (VC) is the main contributor to entrepreneurial firms' funding and thus plays a crucial role in their sustainable development and rapid growth. However, early‐stage VC investors often face valuation obstacles to predict firm valuation since entrepreneurial firms lack operational performance records and information asymmetry exists between them. In this paper, an integrated differential evolution algorithm and adaptive moment estimation method scheme (Adam‐ENN) is proposed for early‐stage VC investors to predict entrepreneurial firm valuation. Experimental results show that the proposed machine learning method outperforms the baseline methods. The feature contribution analysis and partial dependence plots were performed to open up the black box of the relationships between entrepreneurial firm valuation and its features. Results indicate that the number of VC investors in the funding syndicate is the most important feature, and VC investors' social capital also plays a significant role in the prediction model. Interestingly, the number of patents cannot convey an effective signal in entrepreneurial firm quality especially in the early‐stage entrepreneurial firm valuation. Finally, this paper helps to guide entrepreneurial firms' valuation using machine learning techniques and offers deep insight into the entrepreneurship financing mechanism from the perspective of VC.
Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a prognostic marker for laryngeal cancer patients with curative resection
Authors: Lin Qin , Lin Shuchun , Chen Wei , Chen Xiaoqiang , Yi Xuehan , Lu Shoujun , Li Huihui , Li Chen , Wang Desheng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the prognostic value of pre‐treatment Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score in laryngeal cancer.MethodsPreoperative CONUT score was retrospectively calculated in 154 laryngeal cancer patients who underwent curative resection in our hospital from 2013 to 2016. The associations of CONUT with clinicopathological factors and survival were evaluated. The efficacy of CONUT score to predict prognosis was evaluated.ResultsThe CONUT score was associated with body mass index (p = 0.033), neutrophil (p = 0.011), tumor size (p = 0.017), pTNM stage (p = 0.001), adjuvant radiotherapy (p < 0.001), negative pathologic factors (p < 0.001), and larynx preservation (p < 0.001). Patients with a higher CONUT score had worse overall survival (hazard ratio: 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–3.72, p = 0.039) and disease‐free survival (hazard ratio: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.19–3.90, p = 0.011). The area under the curve of CONUT score (0.728) was higher than Preoperative Nutritional Index (0.72), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (0.675), and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (0.687).ConclusionThe CONUT score can be useful for predicting survival in laryngeal cancer patients after curative resection.
Informing a healthy eating and physical activity program to decrease postnatal weight retention: What are women experiencing and what type of program do they want?
Authors: Wilkinson Shelley A. , Guyatt Sheridan , Willcox Jane C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIssue addressedRetention of weight gained during pregnancy contributes to overweight and obesity and consequent chronic disease risk. Early programs have been successful in improving diet quality, physical activity levels and reducing postnatal weight retention. However, barriers to program engagement remain. This study aimed to investigate women's healthy eating, physical activity and weight experiences and explore their views regarding digital health interventions to assist meeting their lifestyle goals.MethodsThis qualitative descriptive study utilised semi‐structured interviews with women who had recently become mothers who had gestational diabetes or a body mass index above 25 kg/m2. Themes were then identified through thematic analysis of interview transcripts.ResultsNine women were interviewed (average age 33.4 ± 4.2 years). The two distinct areas of questioning resulted in two overarching topics: (i) Enablers and barriers to maintaining regular physical activity and a healthy dietary pattern; and (ii) characteristics of a postpartum program to enable meeting of diet, physical activity and weight loss goals. These topics each had their own descriptive themes and sub‐themes.ConclusionsUnderstanding women's needs and viewpoints for a postnatal diet, physical activity and weight program allows researchers to design a program to maximise engagement and outcomes.So what?Any further postnatal program must leverage off existing infrastructure, integrate learnings from published formative work and harnesses the impact of digital delivery. This will improve program accessibility and provide ongoing contact for sustained behaviour change through text messaging and providing digital resources in a dynamic format women can engage with in their own time.
RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed PACSIN3 as a potential novel biomarker for platinum resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Han Gwan Hee , Shim Jung Eun , Yun Hee , Kim Julie , Kim Jae‐Hoon , Cho Hanbyoul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundFailure to respond to treatment in epithelial ovarian cancer can often be attributed to platinum‐based chemotherapy resistance. However, the possible mechanisms or candidate biomarkers associated with platinum resistance are yet to be elucidated, even though many researchers have performed related studies.MethodsWe performed RNA sequencing of clinical specimens obtained from patients with platinum‐sensitive or resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Furthermore, various bioinformatics approaches, including spatial analysis of functional enrichment, were used to identify key regulators and associated underlying mechanisms of platinum resistance in EOC.ResultsThrough RNA‐sequencing, we identified 263 differentially expressed genes (98 upregulated and 165 downregulated) and subjected them to Gene Oncology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses, which were characterized to the traditional platinum‐resistant characteristics. Subsequently, the gene interaction network and module analysis by spatial analysis of functional enrichment software demonstrated protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 3 (PACSIN3) as the only upregulated hub gene, and neurotensin (NTS) and KIAA0319 as downregulated hub genes in platinum‐resistant EOC. We selected PACSIN3 for further analysis because it has not been studied in relation to response to platinum‐based chemotherapy. PACSIN3 was significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer cells compared to immortalized human ovarian surface epithelial cells. In addition, cisplatin‐induced apoptosis was measured in PACSIN3 knockout OVCA433 and BRCA‐mutated EOC cell line, SNU251, by a fluorescence‐activated cell sorting‐based Annexin‐V/propium iodide double staining assay, which revealed a significant increase in apoptosis.ConclusionsTaken together, the present study presents PACSIN3 as a promising predictive biomarker associated with platinum resistance, especially in BRCA‐mutated epithelial ovarian cancers.
Estimation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Arterial Transit Time From Multi‐Delay Arterial Spin Labeling MRI Using a Simulation‐Based Supervised Deep Neural Network
Authors: Ishida Shota , Isozaki Makoto , Fujiwara Yasuhiro , Takei Naoyuki , Kanamoto Masayuki , Kimura Hirohiko , Tsujikawa Tetsuya 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAn inherently poor signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) causes inaccuracy and less precision in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial transit time (ATT) when using arterial spin labeling (ASL). Deep neural network (DNN)‐based parameter estimation can solve these problems.PurposeTo reduce the effects of Rician noise on ASL parameter estimation and compute unbiased CBF and ATT using simulation‐based supervised DNNs.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationOne million simulation test data points, 17 healthy volunteers (five women and 12 men, 33.2 ± 14.6 years of age), and one patient with moyamoya disease.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T/Hadamard‐encoded pseudo‐continuous ASL with a three‐dimensional fast spin‐echo stack of spirals.AssessmentPerformances of DNN and conventional methods were compared. For test data, the normalized mean absolute error (NMAE) and normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE) between the ground truth and predicted values were evaluated. For in vivo data, baseline CBF and ATT and their relative changes with respect to SNR using artificial noise‐added images were assessed.Statistical TestsOne‐way analysis of variance with post‐hoc Tukey's multiple comparison test, paired t‐test, and the Bland–Altman graphical analysis. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05.ResultsFor both CBF and ATT, NMAE and NRMSE were lower with DNN than with the conventional method. The baseline values were significantly smaller with DNN than with the conventional method (CBF in gray matter, 66 ± 10 vs. 71 ± 12 mL/100 g/min; white matter, 45 ± 6 vs. 46 ± 7 mL/100 g/min; ATT in gray matter, 1424 ± 201 vs. 1471 ± 154 msec). CBF and ATT increased with decreasing SNR; however, their change rates were smaller with DNN than were those with the conventional method. Higher CBF in the prolonged ATT region and clearer contrast in ATT were identified by DNN in a clinical case.Data ConclusionDNN outperformed the conventional method in terms of accuracy, precision, and noise immunity.Evidence Level: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 1