bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffuse non-thermal emission in the disks of the Magellanic Clouds
Authors: Persic M. , Rephaeli Y. 
Published: August 2022

Context. The Magellanic Clouds, two dwarf galaxy companions to the Milky Way, are among the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) brightest γ-ray sources.
Aims. We present comprehensive modeling of the non-thermal electromagnetic and neutrino emission in both Clouds.
Methods. We self-consistently model the radio and γ-ray spectral energy distribution from their disks based on recently published Murchison Widefield Array and Fermi/LAT data. All relevant radiative processes involving relativistic and thermal electrons (synchrotron, Compton scattering, and bremsstrahlung) and relativistic protons (neutral pion decay following interaction with thermal protons) are considered, using exact emission formulae.
Results. Joint spectral analyses indicate that radio emission in the Clouds has both primary and secondary electron synchrotron and thermal bremsstrahlung origin, whereas γ rays originate mostly from π0 decay with some contributions from relativistic bremsstrahlung and Comptonized starlight. The proton spectra in both galaxies are modeled as power laws in energy with similar spectral indices, ~2.4, and energy densities, ~1 eV cm−3. The predicted 0.1–10 GeV neutrino flux is too low for detection by current and upcoming experiments.
Conclusions. We confirm earlier suggestions of a largely hadronic origin of the γ-ray emission in both Magellanic Clouds.
Osteoporose: Bewegung und frühe Diagnose entscheiden
Authors: Krapf Peter 
Published: August 2022

SummaryOsteoporose wird oft erst erkannt, wenn Knochenbrüche auftreten. Das verdeutlicht die Bedeutung der Knochengesundheit, auch präventiv. Beispielsweise eine kräftige Muskulatur stärkt die Knochen. Eine frühe Diagnose ist zudem wichtig. Diese erfolgt meist über eine Knochendichtemessung.
Venus und Mars vereint
Authors: Houben Martina 
Published: August 2022

SummaryObwohl es Heilpflanzen gibt, die sich in ihrem Wesen eher weiblichen oder männlichen Prinzipien zuordnen lassen, findet man bei den meisten ein Mischverhältnis beider Kräfte. Die Qualitäten lassen sich über die Signaturenlehre, die Sieben-Planeten-Lehre und die Tria Principia erschließen. Es gibt auch Pflanzen, die je nach Dosierung und Zubereitungsart eher männlich oder weiblich assoziierte Heilungsqualitäten aktivieren.
Trans*affirmative Arbeit mit Menschen
Authors: Teren Kirsten 
Published: August 2022

SummaryTrans*geschlechtliche Personen identifizieren sich in ihrem Erleben beziehungsweise ihrer Geschlechtsidentität entweder nicht, zum Teil nicht oder nicht immer mit dem bei der Geburt zugewiesenen Geschlecht. Trans*geschlechtliche Personen sind mit Herausforderungen und Erwartungen hinsichtlich ihrer geschlechtlichen Identität konfrontiert, die mit einem hohen Ausmaß an Diskriminierungen einhergehen. In der Beziehungsgestaltung mit trans*geschlechtlichen Personen ist hilfreich, ihre Erfahrungen und die daraus resultierenden Reaktionen ernst zu nehmen und zu würdigen im Sinne eines kontextsensiblen Verständnisses. Hierfür gibt der Beitrag praxisnahe Anregungen.
Warum gibt es keine Frauen-Dosierungen?
Authors: Lang Eva 
Published: August 2022

SummaryFrauen und Männer entwickeln Krankheiten wie Krebs, Herzinfarkt oder Diabetes mellitus in unterschiedlicher Häufigkeit und Ausprägung und reagieren ebenso unterschiedlich auf Arzneimittel. Bis heute dient der Mann mittlerer Statur und mittleren Alters als Patienten-Prototyp in der Arzneimittelforschung, weshalb Frauen trotz stark abweichender Pharmakokinetik (zum Beispiel bei Antidepressiva, Opiaten, Herzglykosiden, Betablockern und Antibiotika) fast immer dieselben Medikamente und Dosierungen erhalten wie Männer – mit zum Teil schweren Nebenwirkungen als Folge. Eine Umstellung auf eine geschlechtsspezifische Krankheits- und Arzneimittelforschung und ihre Umsetzung in Form ebenso spezifischer Diagnose-, Dosierungs- und Behandlungskonzepte ist dringend erforderlich.
In-Vitro Growth Kinetics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cytotoxicity Tests Using Low-Diluted Viscum Album
Authors: Valle Ana Catarina Viana , Brunel Hilana dos Santos Sena , Dallago Bruno Stéfano Lima , Rodrigues Lucas Santana , Malard Patrícia Furtado , da Costa Rosiane Andrade , Rossetto Rafael , de Andrade Rosângela Vieira 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in cytotoxicity tests is an in-vitro alternative model for predicting initial doses. Homeopathic medicines may stimulate the immune system to combat a pathology effectively and have been used for over two centuries. Viscum album (VA) extracts are widely used in the treatment of cancer, due to their immunomodulatory, cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic properties.
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the in-vitro growth kinetics of canine MSC in relation to cytotoxicity, cell differentiation and expression of pluripotentiality markers, using a VA preparation at the D1D2 (1×10−1, 1×10−2 potency (VAD1D2).
Methods MSC were obtained from adipose tissue sampled from a healthy dog that was undergoing an elective veterinary procedure and with its owner's permission. The experiments were performed in three groups: MSC treated with VAD1D2 or diluent or untreated (control). The cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. The differentiation was induced in three lineages, and apoptotic cell labeling was performed by an Annexin-V test.
Results At the concentration of 10 μL/mL of VA, the number of cells after in-vitro culture was maintained when compared with the control (untreated) group. A significant and gradual decrease in cell viability was recorded as VA concentrations increased. The apoptosis analysis showed that VA at 20 μL/mL presented absolute percentages of initial apoptosis twice as high as at 10 μL/mL, which was similar to the control (untreated group).
Conclusion The results suggest that the use of efficient methods to assess the in-vitro cytotoxicity of VA-based homeopathic medicines using MSC lineages may predict the potential action at different concentrations. These findings demonstrated that VAD1D2 interferes with canine MSC growth kinetics.
The Cost Utility of Virtual Surgical Planning and Computer-Assisted Design/Computer-Assisted Manufacturing in Mandible Reconstruction Using the Free Fibula Osteocutaneous Flap
Authors: Kurlander David E. , Garvey Patrick B. , Largo Rene D. , Yu Peirong , Chang Edward I. , Hanasono Matthew M. , Mericli Alexander F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground The use of virtual surgical planning and computer-assisted design and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has become widespread for mandible reconstruction with the free fibula flap. However, the cost utility of this technology remains unknown.Methods The authors used a decision tree model to evaluate the cost utility, from the perspective of a hospital or insurer, of mandible reconstruction using CAD/CAM relative to the conventional (non-CAD/CAM) technique for the free fibula flap. Health state probabilities were obtained from a published meta-analysis. Costs were estimated using 2018 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services data. Overall expected cost and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were assessed using a Monte Carlo simulation and sensitivity analyses. Cost effectiveness was defined as an incremental cost utility ratio (ICUR) less than the empirically accepted willingness-to-pay value of $50,000 per QALY.Results Although CAD/CAM reconstruction had a higher expected cost compared with the conventional technique ($36,487 vs. $26,086), the expected QALYs were higher (17.25 vs. 16.93), resulting in an ICUR = $32,503/QALY; therefore, the use of CAD/CAM in free fibula flap mandible reconstruction was cost-effective relative to conventional technique. Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis confirmed CAD/CAM's superior cost utility, demonstrating that it was the preferred and more cost-effective option in the majority of simulations. Sensitivity analyses also illustrated that CAD/CAM remains cost effective at an amount less than $42,903 or flap loss rate less than 4.5%.Conclusion This cost utility analysis suggests that mandible reconstruction with the free fibula osteocutaneous flap using CAD/CAM is more cost effective than the conventional technique.
Outcomes of Autologous Free Flap Reconstruction Following Infected Device Explantation
Authors: Mitchell David , Asaad Malke , Slovacek Cedar , Selber Jesse C. , Clemens Mark W. , Chu Carrie K. , Mericli Alexander F. , Largo Rene D. , Butler Charles E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Following implant-based breast reconstruction (IBR) infection and explantation, autologous reconstruction is a common option for patients who desire further reconstruction. However, few data exist about the outcomes of secondary autologous reconstruction (i.e., free flap breast reconstruction) in this population. We hypothesized that autologous reconstruction following infected device explantation is safe and has comparable surgical outcomes to delayed-immediate reconstruction.
Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent IBR explantation due to infection from 2006 through 2019, followed by secondary autologous reconstruction. The control cohort comprised patients who underwent planned primary delayed-immediate reconstruction (tissue expander followed by autologous flap) in 2018.
Results We identified 38 secondary autologous reconstructions after failed primary IBR and 52 primary delayed-immediate reconstructions. Between secondary autologous and delayed-immediate reconstructions, there were no significant differences in overall complications (29 and 37%, respectively, p = 0.45), any breast-related complications (18 and 21%, respectively, p = 0.75), or any major breast-related complications (13 and10%, respectively, p = 0.74). Two flap losses were identified in the secondary autologous reconstruction group while no flap losses were reported in the delayed-immediate reconstruction group (p = 0.18).
Conclusion Autologous reconstruction is a reasonable and safe option for patients who require explantation of an infected prosthetic device. Failure of primary IBR did not confer significantly higher risk of complications after secondary autologous flap reconstruction compared with primary delayed-immediate reconstruction. This information can help plastic surgeons with shared decision-making and counseling for patients who desire reconstruction after infected device removal.
The Interuniversity Test of Academic English (ITACE)
Authors: van Splunder Frank , Verguts Catherine , De Moor Tom , De Paepe Sarah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In Flemish higher education, lecturers teaching in a language other than their mother tongue need official proof
of their C1 level in that language. As a result, Flemish universities developed the ITACE (Interuniversity Test of Academic
English), a domain-specific and purpose-built language test linked to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
(CEFR) and validated by an independent audit commission. Yet, the introduction of a mandatory language test was heavily contested
in Flemish academia and in the media. In addition, the ITACE was perceived as a political tool of the government to enforce its
language policy. Almost ten years after its introduction, the ITACE now appears to be widely accepted. The introduction of the
test revealed that initial scepticism can be overcome through development, proper contextualization, and use of a high-quality,
target-specific instrument. The article discusses the context in which the test was created, the construction of the test
(addressing issues of reliability and validity), and the implications of the test, including its pedagogical and societal
relevance.
Photoinduced electric effects in various plasmonic materials
Authors: Keene David , Fortuno Paula , Natalia Noginova , Maxim Durach 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Photoinduced voltages associated with surface plasmon polariton excitations are studied both theoretically and experimentally in various plasmonic systems as the function of material, wavelength, and type of structure. Experimental photovoltage normalized to the absorbed power shows a general decrease upon an increase in the wavelength, enhancement in the nanostructured samples, and a strong variation in the magnitude as a function of the material, which are not in line with the theoretical predictions of the simple plasmonic pressure approach. The results can be used for clarification of the mechanisms and further development of an adequate theoretical approach to the plasmon drag effect.
Effects of growth temperature, oxygen pressure, laser fluence and postannealing on transport properties of superconducting LaAlO3/KTaO3(111) interfaces
Authors: Sun Yanqiu , Liu Yuan , Pan Wenze , Xie Yanwu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The recent discovery of superconductivity at EuO (or LaAlO3)/KTaO3 interfaces has attracted considerable research interest. However, an extensive study on growth of these interfaces is still lacking. In this work, we have fabricated LaAlO3/KTaO3(111) interfaces by growing LaAlO3 thin films on KTaO3(111) single-crystalline substrates by pulsed laser deposition. We investigated the effects of growth temperature, oxygen pressure, laser fluence, and postannealing on transport properties. We found that all these key growth parameters show important effects on transport properties, and discussed their possible mechanisms. Our present study provides useful knowledge to further optimize these interfaces.
Emissivity-free radiation thermometry for high-temperature metals using the dual-wavelength reflectance-ratio method
Authors: Kobatake Hidekazu , Kurokawa Yuma , Iwabuchi Masaya , Adachi Masayoshi , Ohtsuka Makoto , Fukuyama Hiroyuki , Sasajima Naohiko , Yamaguchi Yu , Yamada Yoshiro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article describes a preliminary study verifying the applicability of the dual-wavelength reflectance-ratio (DWR) method to emissivity-free radiation thermometry for electromagnetically levitated high-temperature liquid metals. To establish the measurement technique, the DWR method was applied to inductively heated solid spherical Cu and Ni samples. Regardless of the differences in the sample emissivity values, the temperature determined using the DWR method agreed within 20 K with the temperature determined using a thermocouple. It was found that the temperatures of metallic samples having different emissivity values can be determined with a standard uncertainty of 8 K in terms of the absolute temperature when applying the DWR method, even if the sample has curvature and is exposed to high temperatures of up to 1250 K.
Leak localization of water supply network based on temporal convolutional network
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Xiaoping , Li Juan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the urban water supply network system has faced severe challenges. The aging, corrosion, and manmade damage to pipelines waste a lot of water resources and cause harm to human beings. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for locating leak locations in a water supply network using temporal convolutional networks. First, a continuous sequence of pressure signals is input into the proposed network model. Then, we map it to two parallel outputs by the network model. In the first output, leak detection is performed as a multi-label classification task. In the second output, the location of the leak is determined using a regression algorithm. This paper tests the proposed network framework on benchmark networks. The results show that the network framework can obtain accurate leak locations and outperform the commonly used network frameworks.
Modulating the mass sensitivity of graphene resonators via kirigami
Authors: Zhu Pengcheng , Zhang Hao , Zhang Xingbin , Cao Wei , Wang Quan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The unique mechanical properties of graphene make it an excellent candidate for resonators. We have used molecule dynamic to simulate the resonance process of graphene. The kirigami approach was introduced to improve the mass sensitivity of graphene sheets. Three geometric parameters governing the resonant frequency and mass sensitivity of Kirigami graphene NEMS were defined. The simulation results show that the closer the kirigami defect is to the center of the drum graphene, the higher the mass sensitivity of the graphene. The kirigami graphene shows up to about 2.2 times higher mass sensitivity compared to pristine graphene. Simultaneously, the kirigami graphene has a higher out-of-plane amplitude and easy access to nonlinear vibrations, leading to higher mass sensitivity. Besides, the kirigami structure can restrict the diffusion of gold atoms on graphene under high initial velocity or large tension condition. It is evident that a reasonable defect design can improve the sensitivity and stability of graphene for adsorption mass.
Performance of first insert coil with REBCO CICC sub-size cable exceeding 6 kA at 21 T magnetic field
Authors: Zhou Chao , Jin Huan , Fang Zhen , Xiao Guanyu , Ma Hongjun , Liu Fang , Liu Huajun , Ma Tao , Tan Yunfei , Chen Wenge , Wu Zuojiafeng , Kanazawa Shintetsu , Nijhuis Arend , Devred Arnaud , Li Jiangang , Qin Jinggang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Institute of Plasma Physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences is developing the REBCO cable in conduit conductor (CICC) technology for applications in next-generation nuclear fusion devices. The aim is to develop a CICC comprised of six REBCO sub-cables to satisfy the requirements of operation with a current of around 40 kA and a peak field of up to 20 T. To qualify the performance of the sub-size REBCO cable to be used in the CICC, two 25-turn insert solenoids have been designed, manufactured and tested at a current exceeding 6 kA subjected in a background field supplied by a water-cooled resistive magnet. The insert solenoid, wound from a 11.5 m long REBCO CORC® cable, was designed to investigate its current carrying capacity under high field and electromagnetic (EM) load at 4.2 K. Tests were performed under a background magnetic field up to 18.5 T, resulting in a peak magnetic field on the innermost layer turns of around 21.1 T at an operating current of 6.3 kA. The effects of operation with cyclic EM loads were tested by repeated current ramps to around 95% of the critical current. Moreover, the V–I characteristics were measured at 77 K and the self-field, to check the effects from warm-up and cool-down (WUCD) cycles between room temperature and 77 K with liquid nitrogen. The results show no obvious degradation after dozens of high-current test cycles in background fields ranging from 10 T to 18.5 T. The insert solenoid demonstrates the stable operation of the REBCO sub-size cable for CICC with EM loads of about 90 kN m−1 and WUCD cycles between room temperature and 77 K. These promising results indicate the potential of this technology for further applicationsin particular, for full-size CICC for high-performance fusion magnets.
Linear and nonlinear analysis of Ion-Temperature-Gradient (ITG) driven mode in the asymmetric pair-ion magnetoplasma
Authors: Razzaq Javaria , Ehsan Zahida , Mirza Arshad M , Younis H , Ziauddin  
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We have investigated linear and nonlinear dynamics of ion-temperature-gradient (ITG) driven drift mode for Maxwellian and non Maxwellian pair-ion plasma embedded in an inhomogeneous magnetic field having gradients in the temperature and number density of ions. Linear dispersion relations are derived and analyzed analytically as well as numerically for different cases. It has been found that growth rate of instability increases with increasing η. By using the transport equations of Braginskii, model, a set of nonlinear equations are derived. In the nonlinear regime, soliton structures are found to exist. Our numerical analysis shows that amplitude of solitary waves increases by increasing ion to electron number density ratio. These solitary structures are also found to be sensitive to asymmetries in pair plasma and non thermal kappa and Cairns distributed electrons. Our present work may contribute a good illustration of the observation of nonlinear solitary waves driven by the ITG mode in magnetically confined pair-ion plasmas and space pair-ion plasmas as the formation of localized structures along drift modes is one of the striking reasons for L-H transition in the region of improved confinements in magnetically confined devices like tokamaks.
Weak lensing “post-Born” effects are equivalent to pure lens-lens couplings
Authors: Denton-Turner Oliver , Lim Eugene A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We show that the so-called “post-Born” effects of weak lensing at 4th order are equivalent to lens-lens couplings in the Born Approximation. We demonstrate this by explicitly showing the equivalence of the canonical weak lensing approach at 4th order using the anisotropy remapping method, to that of the 4th order calculation of the lens-lens coupling effects using the Boltzmann equation approach that was first developed in [1].
Multi Chaotic System to Generate Novel S-Box for Image Encryption
Authors: Nasry Hany , Abdallah Azhaar A. , Farhan Alaa K. , Ahmed Hossam E. , Sobky Wageda I.El 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA novel method on the basis of multi chaos theory is suggested in the presented study. Also, the study used two different dimensions to generate S-Box to get a strong cipher that is difficult to break. The suggested image cryptosystem includes an identical (decryption and encryption) process, which involves a single keystream generator, shifting process (based on 3D Lorenz map) related diffusion operations, and generate S-Box (based on 2D Henon map) that related confusion operation. The comparative analysis and the simulate test show that the suggested image cryptosystem has a few properties, like high-sensitivity, fast encryption/decryption, large keyspace, excellent statistical properties related to the ciphertext, and so on. The suggested cryptosystem is considered as an alternative for practical secure communications.
Application of Suggested Three Parameters Collective Rotational Model to Superdeformed Thallium Odd-Mass Nuclei
Authors: Khalaf A.M. , Taha M.M. , Ismail A.M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The superdeformed rotational bands (SDRB’s) of axial symmetric Tl odd-A nuclei are described within the framework of the suggested model as an extended version of Bohr-Moltelson (BM) model. The suggested model has three parameters rather than the BM model’s two parameters. The model is employed to calculated the transition energies and therefore the unknown level spins within the three pairs of signature partners 191Tl (SD1, SD2), 193Tl (SD1, SD2) and 195Tl (SD1, SD2). The optimized model parameters and therefore the unknown spins for every band are adjusted by employing a computer simulated search program to induce a minimum root mean square deviation between the calculated theoretical and experimental transition energies Eγ
(I). The most effective adopted model parameters and spins are wont to calculate the kinematic J
(1) and dynamic J
(2) moments of inertia, and rotational frequency ħω,. The calculated results agree excellently with the experimental ones. The behaviour of J
(1) and J
(2) with ħω is examined and discussed. Also, the calculated transition energies and spins are accustomed investigate and exhibit the ΔI = 1 staggering effects in transition energies between each pair of the signature partners. This can be done by considering three staggering indices looking on the dipole γ-transitions between the 2 bands of the signature partners and therefore the quadrupole γ-transitions within each band. All the studied three signature partner pairs showed an oversized amplitude staggering pattern. The ΔI = 1 energy staggering also appears within the transition energies after subtracting a rigid rotor reference when plotted versus spin. The phenomenon of identical bands (IB’s) is additionally investigated within the two pairs [193Tl (SD1), 195Tl (SD1)] and [193Tl (SD2), 195Tl (SD2)] by using the concept of incremental alignment.