bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
School Closure Versus Targeted Control Measures for SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Rotevatn Torill A. , Elstrøm Petter , Greve-Isdahl Margrethe , Surén Pål , Johansen Tone Kristin Bjordal , Astrup Elisabeth 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVES
To compare effects of school closures with effects of targeted infection prevention and control (IPC) measures in open schools on SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in students.

METHODS
We conducted interrupted time-series analyses to compare trends in infection rates in grades 1–10 in 7 boroughs in Oslo, Norway, between February 15 and April 18, 2021. All schools at all levels had implemented strict IPC measures. While grades 1–4 attended school throughout the study period, school closures were implemented for grades 5–10 from March 17. We obtained individual level data from nationwide registries.

RESULTS
A total of 616, 452, and 446 students in grades 1–4, 5–7 and 8–10, respectively, were registered with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test during the study period, when the α-variant dominated. A statistically significant reduction in postintervention trends was observed for grades 1–4 (coefficient −1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), −2.44 to −0.09). We did not observe any statistically significant between-group differences in postintervention trends between grades 1–4 and 5–7 (coefficient 0.66; 95% CI, −1.25 to 2.58) nor between grades 1–4 and 8–10 (coefficient −0.63; 95% CI, −2.30 to 1.04). Findings indicate that keeping schools open with strict IPC measures was equally effective as school closures on reducing student infection rates.

CONCLUSIONS
School closure was not more effective than targeted IPC measures in open schools in reducing student infection rates. Our findings suggest that keeping schools open with appropriate IPC measures should be preferred over school closures, considering the negative consequences closures have on students.
Modernisasi Penafsiran Al-Quran Dalam Tafsir Al-Azhar Karya Buya Hamka
Authors: Firdausiyah Umi Wasilatul 
Published: March 2022

The Discourse of this research, focuses on the modernization of the interpretation of the Qur’an from the perspective of the Tafsir al-Azhar by Buya Hamka. The purpose of the study, to reveal the impact of modernization on the realm of interpretation of the Qur’an and to determine the development of the interpretation of the Qur’an by looking at the extent to which the Tafsir al-Azhar can be categorized in the realm of modernization of the interpretation of the Qur’an. This research is in the form of qualitative research, the type of library research is assisted by data analysis in the form of descriptive analysis, and to determine the significance of Tafsir al-Azhar, the author uses the interpretation theory of the interpretation of the Qur’an Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd, in order to be able to see the representation of the text of Tafsir al-Azhar has any reference to modernization or not, and is equipped with theorical triangulation as a test of the validity of the data. The results of the study state that the existence of Tafsir al-Azhar is representation of modern interpretation because of ist efforts to contextualize the text with events that are currently happening, driven by the emergence of modernization, and modernization of the interpretation of the Qur’an is also an implementation of the involvement of interpretation with modern problems, as the interpretation of Buya Hamka in the Tafsir al-Azhar which discusses a lot of modern problems. This is an attempt by the mufasir to maintain the Qur’an which should indeed be salih likulli zaman wa makan.
EPISTEMOLOGI TAFSIR MUHAMMADIYAH DALAM TAFSIR AT-TANWIR
Authors: Taufiq Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Epistemologi tafsir merupakan disiplin ilmu yang berusaha untuk mengungkap pertanyaan-pertanyaan mendasar tentang teori ilmu pengetahuan tentang tafsir. Bagaimana sebuah karya tafsir dapat diuji kebenarannya berdasarkan norma epistemik. Artikel ini mencoba mengeksplor karya tafsir Muhammadiyah merupakan salah satu karya dari sederet karya-karya tafsir kontemporer yang lahir di zaman sekarang. Visi, gerakan dan wacana yang dikembangkan tafsir at-Tanwir adalah tafsir responsif atas masalah yang terjadi dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan dengan metode deskriptis analitis mengungkap epistemologi tafsir karya Muhammadiyah, yang berjudul Tafsir At-Tanwir. Tafsir ini disusun secara kolektif oleh kader Muhammadiyah yang berasal dari berbagai perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah dan tokoh Muhammadiyah dari Perguruan Tinggi Islam di Indonesia. Tafsir ini bukanlah kompilasi terhadap kitab-kitab tafsir yang ada, namun memiliki manhaj tersendiri sehingga tafsir ini menjawab persoalan yang terjadi dengan mengacu pada pola tarjih dalam Muhammadiyah. Dari sisi metode tafsir ini menggabungkan beberapa metode seperti tahlili, muqarran, dan tematik. Sumber tafsir yang digunakannya sangat beragam seperti sumber al-Qur>an, hadis, asba>b an-nuzu>l, ijtihad mufassir, kitab-kitab tafsir klasik seperti al-Maraghi dan Ibnu katsir yang dijadikan sebagai landasan awal dalam menafsirkan ayat Al-Qur’an. tafsir ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap penafsiran Muhammadiyah yang masih sangat minim sejak berdirinya Muhammadiyah tahun 1912.
EKOLOGI KELUARGA BERBASIS AL-QURAN DAN UPAYA PENCEGAHAN WOMEN TRAFFICKING
Authors: Febriany Ina Salma 
Published: March 2022

Tulisan ini membahas tentang konsep ekologi keluarga berbasis al-Quran dalam upaya pencegahan perilaku perdagangan perempuan yang akhir-akhir ini marak terjadi.Praktik perbudakan perempuan dalam tinjauan sejarah sekarang muncul dalam kemasan modern, yakni perdaganganperempuan. Ini tidak saja didorong oleh faktor kejahatan kemanusiaan dalam bentuk komoditas seks dan eksploitasi perempuan, namun juga didorong oleh faktor internal, yakni minimnya fungsi ekologi keluarga dalam menciptakan lingkungan yang kondusif, baik sosial, pendidikan, hukum, maupun ekonomi . Fenomena ini menuntut solusi. Dalam hal ini penulis menawarkan konsep ekologi keluarga berbasis al-Qur’an sebagai alternatif. Untuk melihat persoalan ini, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui metode tafsir tematik dengan teknis analis data deskriptif-analitis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep ekologi keluarga berbasis al-Quran menawarkan solusi konstruktif bagi pencegahan women trafficking. Kata kunci utama dalam konsep ini adalah nilai-nilai ketuhanan (spiritual dan moral), nilai-nilai kemanusiaan, kebersamaan, keadilan, kesetaraan, saling keterkaitan, kepemimpinan, kemandirian, profesionalitas, dan kebijakan pemerintah.Kata kunci ini merupakan solusi konstruktif bagi pencegahan women trafficking dalam lima level ekologi keluarga. Ia dilakukan secara sistematis, kolektif, bertumpu pada nilai-nilai, serta adanya kebijakan pemerintah yang berpihak pada perempuan.
PENDEKATAN ILMU BALAGHAH DALAM SHAFWAH AL-TAFÂSÎR KARYA ‘ALI AL-SHABUNY
Authors: Rifai Juhdi 
Published: March 2022

Artikel ini mengkaji pendekatan ilmu balaghah dalam kitab Shafwah al-Tafâsir karya Imam ‘Ali al-Shabuniy. Salah satu bentuk i’jâz al-Qur’an terletak pada susunan yang fashih dan mengandung unsur Balaghah. Karena itu, diperlukan pendekatan ilmu Balaghah dalam menafsirkan al-Qur’an. Kebutuhan ilmu Balaghah untuk menafsirkan al-Qur’an sudah disadari pada awal perkembangan Islam. Kitab Shafwah al-Tafasir memiliki keunikan tersendiri ketika menggunakan Ilmu Balaghah dalam menjelaskan. Al-Shabuni menyajikannya secara sederhana dan sistematis. Untuk mendalami pendekatan ilmu balaghah dalam kitab Shafwah al-Tafâsir, penelitian ini mengunkan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dengan mengambil surat al-Fatihah sebagai objek kajiannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa al-Shabuni ketika menafsirkan surah al-Fatihah, menyebutkan beberapa unsur ilmu Balagha, yaitu: ada ungkapan jumlah khabriyah, tetapi yang dimaksud adalah jumlah insyâiyyah; iltifat; taqdîm dan ta’khîr, yang berfungsi sebagai qahr atau hashr ; alif lam pada lafadz al-hamdu bermakna li al-istighrâq ; jâr-majrûr pada lafadz lillâhi bermakna ikhtishah (pengkhususan); ada lafadz yang dibuang mahdzûf ; adanya bentuk tashrîh setelah ibhâm; Ada bentuk fi’il amr (kata kerja perintah) yang bermakna terus-menerus dan selamanya; dan Saja’ mutawâzy.
al-La'alli al-Mashnu'ah fi al-Ahadis al-Maudhu'ah
Authors: Jendri Jendri 
Published: March 2022

Tulisan ini merupakan kajian tentang hadis al-Maudhu>’ dalam kitab al-La’alli al-Mashnu>’ah al-Aha>dis al-Maudhu>’ah karya al-Suyuthi. kitab ini menjelaskan tentang hadis-hadis al-Maudhu>’ dan secara taklangsung memberikan komentar atau kritikan terhadap al-Jauzi yang sangat memuat hadis-hadis Maudhu> dalam kitabnya. Adapun tujuan yang membuat as-Suyuthi dalam kegelisahannya akademisnya yaitu terdapat hadis-hadis shahih, hasan, dan selainnya bahkan ada beberapa hadis dha’if yang belum dicantumkan kedalam kitab al-Maudhu>’at- Ibnu al-Jauzi. Oleh karena as-Sayuthi mencoba memberikan kontribusi melalui kitabnya itu dengan meringkas kitab al-Jauzi ini dan memberikan kritikan-kritikan ataupun komentar dengan merujuk berbagai kitab seperti al-Ta>rikh, al-Kha>tibi, al-Ha>kim, al-Ka>mil, Ibnu ‘A>di, al-Du’afa’, Afrad al- Da>rul Quthni. Oleh karena itu diperlukan analis yang lebih terkait dengan hadis Maudhu> tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu mengambil langsung dari buku-buku yang berkaitan dengan hadis-hadis Maudhu>’ dan keterkaitan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan. Dalam pengolahan data menggunakan metode analisis isi (content analisis). Sedangkan dalam menarik kesimpulan menggunakan metode deduktif dimana data yang terkumpul diolah secara selektif dan sistematis kemudian ditariklah kesimpulan khusus yang merupakan hasil dari penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Secara umum kitab ini bisa digolongkan sebagai menghimpun hadis-hadis maudhu>’ disertai dengan komentar-komentar dengan mengutip kitab hadis. Dalam kitab tersebut as-Suyuthi memberikan komentar-komentar di dalamnya, dengan menggunakan pendapat-pendapat ulama hadis yang lain. Sehingga dikatakan kitab al-Suyuthi dikatakan al-Kubra>, sedangkan kitab al-Jauzi dikatakan al-Sugra>.
Can psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy play a role in enhancing motivation to change in addiction treatment settings?
Authors: Kang Mark , Mackay Lindsay , Christie Devon , Callon Cody , Argento Elena 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Despite growing availability of several evidence-based approaches in the treatment of substance use disorders, existing pharmacotherapy and psychosocial interventions continue to have significant limitations, such as low treatment retention rates and high rates of relapse. There is a need to develop new strategies and models to address these limitations and target underlying psychosocial drivers of addiction, such as motivation to change – a crucial factor in achieving positive addiction treatment outcomes. Re-emerging clinical evidence and literature signal the promise of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapies as being novel, adjunctive treatments for a range of mental health and substance use disorders, encouraging further research. However, there remains a lack of formally validated metrics to evaluate recovery capital and motivation, limiting interpretation of the growing psychedelic literature. This commentary describes the current state of this line of investigation and potential impact of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy on enhancing motivation to change in addiction treatment, and the need for validated metrics to evaluate recovery motivation and capital to assess the potential for psychedelic-assisted psychotherapies to elicit positive, lasting changes in substance use behaviors among those seeking treatment.
Johns modules and quasi-Johns modules
Authors: CASTRO PÉREZ Jaime , MEDINA-BÁRCENAS Mauricio Gabriel 
Published: March 2022

A right Johns ring is a right Noetherian ring in which every right ideal is a right annihilator. It is known that in a Johns ring RR the Jacobson radical J(R)J(R) of RR is nilpotent and Soc(R)(R) is an essential right ideal of RR. Moreover, every right Johns ring RR is right Kasch, that is, every simple right RR-module can be embedded in RR. For a M∈RM∈R-Mod we use the concept of MM-annihilator and define a Johns module (resp. quasi-Johns) as a Noetherian module MM such that every submodule is an MM-annihilator. A module MM is called quasi-Johns if any essential submodule of MM is an MM-annihilator and the set of essential submodules of MM satisfies the ascending chain condition. In this paper we extend classical results on Johns rings, as those mentioned above and we also provide new ones. We investigate when a Johns module is Artinian and we give some information about its prime submodules.
Estudo descritivo da mortalidade por COVID-19 segundo sexo, escolaridade, faixa etária, região de saúde e série histórica: Estado do Rio de Janeiro, janeiro de 2020 a agosto de 2021
Authors: Pereira Maria Fernanda Império , Rocha Letícia Chagas , Sartori Lucas Flores , Souza Miguel Vianna de , Lima Raquel Assumpção Sodré Matias de , Rodrigues Júnior Antonio Luiz 
Published: March 2022

Introdução. O primeiro caso de COVID-19 no Estado do Rio de Janeiro ocorreu em 6 de março de 2020 e o SARS-Cov-2 vem impactando a vida da população nos aspectos biopsicossociais, apresentando características de sindemia, e sobrecarregando o Sistema Único de Saúde. Objetivo: Descrever a pandemia de COVID-19 pela estratificação demográfica dos óbitos ocorridos no período de janeiro de 2020 a agosto de 2021 e nas Regiões de Saúde do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Metodologia. Trata-se de estudo transversal de agregados, que utilizou dados disponibilizados pelo Ministério da Saúde, visando produzir uma epidemiologia descritiva. Foram calculadas medidas de prevalência absoluta, coeficiente de prevalência e razão padronizada de mortalidade (RPM); foram considerados os tamanhos populacionais estimados para 2020. Foram verificadas associações entre variáveis pelo teste de Pearson. Resultados. Foram observadas associações estatisticamente significativas entre escolaridade, sexo, faixa etária e regiões de saúde em relação aos número de óbitos por COVID-19 e outras causas. Dentre os óbitos por COVID-19, houve associação entre escolaridade e sexo, destacando mais óbitos que o esperado entre pessoas do sexo masculino com ensino superior e do sexo feminino sem escolaridade. As Regiões de Saúde Metropolitana I e II apresentaram RPM acima de 100% e as demais abaixo, destacando as regiões Baía da Ilha Grande e Baixada Litorânea por apresentarem menos óbitos que o esperado. Conclusão. Os resultados mostraram padrões demográficos, geográficos e históricos da pandemia no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, que podem representar vulnerabilidades socioeconômicas, permitindo caracterizar a COVID-19 como sindemia.
Las cooperativas de trabajo asociado en el Valle del Cauca y su contribución a la economía de la región
Authors: De Llano Feliú Josefina Mayra 
Published: March 2022

El artículo pretende realizar una caracterización del sector cooperativo en el Valle del Cauca particularizando en las cooperativas de trabajo asociado (CTA), considerando que este tipo de asociatividad genera un importante aporte al desarrollo económico y social de la región creando oportunidades con resultados positivos como respuesta a las crisis sociales y económicas del país. Con un enfoque mixto y carácter descriptivo, se consideran elementos tanto cuantitativos, como cualitativos, los cuales son susceptibles de medición a través de instrumentos diseñados al efecto.
Partiendo de los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que, para fomentar la creación de las CTA en la región, es necesario que desde las entidades gubernamentales se creen estrategias que permitan reconocer y visibilizar más este tipo de asociatividad abordando el cooperativismo como una oportunidad para el desarrollo económico, social y cultural. Por otra parte, la evidencia empírica demuestra que aun cuando existe un reconocimiento social del sector cooperativo, particularmente, las cooperativas de trabajo asociado no están suficientemente extendidas en la región y los avances de su fomento resultan insuficientes a pesar de los esfuerzos de los órganos rectores del sector solidario.
Proposta de utilização da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde na avaliação fisioterapêutica no câncer mamário
Authors: Dornelas Lilian de Fátima , Galaverna Lucas dos Santos , De Carvalho Eliane Maria , Nogueira Maria Selma Duarte , De Carvalho Rogério Mendonça , Deloroso Frederico Tadeu 
Published: March 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer de mama é uma doença comum entre as mulheres e o tratamento está sujeito a apresentar limitações nas atividades diárias e sociais. A Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) pode ser uma ferramenta útil para apontar a alteração da funcionalidade dessas mulheres. OBJETIVO: verificar em que medida o conteúdo de uma ficha de avaliação fisioterapêutica para mulheres com câncer de mama engloba os componentes de saúde da CIF e comparar com o core set específico para o câncer de mama. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo realizando-se a vinculação entre os itens da ficha de avaliação com as categorias da CIF. Dois pesquisadores avaliaram independentes quais as categorias mais adequadas para cada item da ficha de avaliação fisioterapêutica utilizada para mulheres com câncer mamário em um hospital de referência no interior de Coroatá – MA, considerando o contexto, opções de resposta e as perspectivas adotadas nos instrumentos utilizados. RESULTADOS: 70 categorias da CIF foram elencadas a partir da ficha de avaliação fisioterapêutica utilizada no hospital, envolvendo todos os seus componentes de saúde. Das 80 categorias do core set específico para câncer de mama, apenas 21 foram equivalentes com a ficha de avaliação. CONCLUSÃO: A vinculação das categorias da CIF com a ficha de avaliação para mulheres com câncer de mama engloba todos os seus componentes de saúde, entretanto com baixa equivalência quando comparada com o core set específico para o câncer de mama.
Aleitamento Materno na Adolescência: a Importância da Orientação para Prevenir o Desmame Precoce
Authors: Pompeu Muller Braga Lucylea , Lovati de Almeida Hemerly Elias Luciene , Fernandes Ortelhado Bárbara Gabriela , Hsien Fang Chung , Martins de Souza Garcia Assumpção Larissa Natalie , Anselmo do Nascimento Maria Eduarda , Vilela Júnior Maruzan Douglas , De Vasconcelos Pereira Saryane Kelen 
Published: March 2022

Palavras-chave: Adolescente. Intervenção Médica Precoce. Aleitamento Materno. Desmame.

Abstract
The exclusive breastfeeding of a child is recommended by government agencies up to six months. Its own practice includes a range of benefits to nursing and the baby. However, significant part of lactating women stop breastfeeding before four months. This research aims to analyze the factors that contribute to the early weaning of the adolescent women’s newborn and perform interventions that enable the breastfeeding maintenance. It is a longitudinal prospective interventional study, performed by medical students through home visits with the application of eight semi-structured questionnaires, during two periods: the first directed to lactating adolescents whose children were up to fifteen days old and the second, third and fourth with a fortnightly interval. The others were applied monthly and the last when the infant was six months old. The intervention, which consisted of clarifying the breastfeeding doubts and difficulties, was individual to each participant during the visits. Based on descriptive qualitative methodology, 19 women participated in the study. The main factors that influenced the low-breastfeeding outcome of exclusive breastfeeding by mothers were occupation, family influence and health professionals. At the end of the intervention period, six were mixed breastfeeding, five predominant breastfeeding, four exclusive breastfeeding and four mothers stopped breastfeeding. The follow-up and intervention were effective to avoid premature weaning, with mixed and predominant breastfeeding patterns being the most prevailing in this study.

Keywords: Adolescent. Early Medical Intervention. Breastfeeding. Weaning.
Correlação entre Aleitamento Materno e Microbioma: uma Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Pecin Bagon Natalia , Graton Mikcha Jane Martha , Zanetti Campanerut-Sá Paula Aline 
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de obter dados sobre a relação entre o aleitamento materno e o desenvolvimento do microbioma dos recém-nascidos, visto que a microbiota intestinal está envolvida, entre outras razões, com a saúde do hospedeiro e como ele reage a certas doenças na vida adulta. O microbioma se desenvolve a partir do nascimento, quando parte desse é adquirida pelo parto e a outra principal razão é o aleitamento materno. O papel fisiológico dos micro-organismos transferidos da mãe para o bebê ainda não está muito bem esclarecido na literatura. A pesquisa dos artigos foi realizada na base de dados on-line PubMed. Foram pesquisados artigos originais publicados entre julho de 2018 e junho de 2019 que avaliaram a influência do aleitamento materno no microbioma de bebês. A busca inicial na base de dados gerou 972 artigos. O título e o resumo de cada artigo foram analisados e aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, sendo que 964 foram excluídos e divididos em categorias. Oito artigos foram selecionados para a revisão sobre o tema. A análise dos artigos selecionados demonstrou que o aleitamento materno é uma prática de extrema importância, pois o leite materno possui componentes e mecanismos capazes de proteger a criança de várias doenças e é uma fonte natural de lactobacilos, bifidobactérias e oligossacarídeos que auxiliam a regular e formar o microbioma intestinal infantil.

Palavras-chave: Aleitamento Materno. Microbioma. Leite Materno. Microbiota.

Abstract
This work was developed in order to obtain data on the relationship between breastfeeding and the development of the newborn's microbiome, since the intestinal microbiota is involved, among other reasons, with the host’s health and how the same reacts to certain diseases in adult life. The microbiome develops from birth, when part of it is acquired through childbirth and the other main reason is breastfeeding. The microorganisms’ physiological role transferred from the mother to the baby is not well understood in the literature. The search for the articles was carried out in PubMed online database. Original articles published between July 2018 and June 2019 that evaluated the breastfeeding influence on the babies’ microbiome were searched. The initial database search generated 972 articles. The title and summary of each article were analyzed and the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, being 964 excluded and divided into categories. Eight articles were selected for review on the topic. The analysis of the selected articles showed that breastfeeding is an extremely important practice, as breast milk has components and mechanisms capable of protecting the child from various diseases and is a natural source of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and oligosaccharides that help to regulate and form the infant intestinal microbiome.

Keywords: Breastfeeding. Microbiome. Breast Milk. Microbiota.