bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Septic arthritis induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae occurring in rheumatoid arthritis treated with abatacept and methotrexate: A case report
Authors: Abe Kazuya , Ishikawa Yuichi , Takahashi Tatsuro , Fujiwara Michio , Kita Yasuhiko 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Septic arthritis occurs more frequently in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with Staphylococcus aureus being the most common aetiologic agent. Rarely, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is the cause of septic arthritis. Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) are widely used in RA, but it is unknown whether bDMARDs could be a risk factor for pneumococcal septic arthritis in such patients. Here, we report the case of a patient with RA treated with bDMARDs (abatacept) who developed pneumococcal septic arthritis. The patient is a 64-year-old female complicated with RA for &gt;10 years. She was treated with abatacept and methotrexate and has been in remission for 2 years. She had not received any pneumococcal vaccination. She consulted at our hospital for left ankle arthralgia and fever. Blood culture and puncture of the left ankle joints detected pneumococcus, and the pneumococcal urine antigen test was positive. The patient was diagnosed with pneumococcal septic arthritis, and she recovered after the administration of antibiotics. This is the first case report discussing these circumstances, suggesting that bDMARDs may be a risk of pneumococcal septic arthritis in patients with RA. To prevent this, pneumococcal vaccination should be encouraged in such patients. Furthermore, if RA is in remission, we may consider the spacing or withdrawal of bDMARDs to avoid severe infection.
Condensin I and condensin II proteins form a LINE-1 dependent super condensin complex and cooperate to repress LINE-1
Authors: Ward Jacqueline R , Khan Afshin , Torres Sabrina , Crawford Bert , Nock Sarah , Frisbie Trenton , Moran John V , Longworth Michelle S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Condensin I and condensin II are multi-subunit complexes that are known for their individual roles in genome organization and preventing genomic instability. However, interactions between condensin I and condensin II subunits and cooperative roles for condensin I and condensin II, outside of their genome organizing functions, have not been reported. We previously discovered that condensin II cooperates with Gamma Interferon Activated Inhibitor of Translation (GAIT) proteins to associate with Long INterspersed Element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) RNA and repress L1 protein expression and the retrotransposition of engineered L1 retrotransposition in cultured human cells. Here, we report that the L1 3′UTR is required for condensin II and GAIT association with L1 RNA, and deletion of the L1 RNA 3′UTR results in increased L1 protein expression and retrotransposition. Interestingly, like condensin II, we report that condensin I also binds GAIT proteins, associates with the L1 RNA 3′UTR, and represses L1 retrotransposition. We provide evidence that the condensin I protein, NCAPD2, is required for condensin II and GAIT protein association with L1 RNA. Furthermore, condensin I and condensin II subunits interact to form a L1-dependent super condensin complex (SCC) which is located primarily within the cytoplasm of both transformed and primary epithelial cells. These data suggest that increases in L1 expression in epithelial cells promote cytoplasmic condensin protein associations that facilitate a feedback loop in which condensins may cooperate to mediate L1 repression.
AlloMAPS 2: allosteric fingerprints of the AlphaFold and Pfam-trRosetta predicted structures for engineering and design
Authors: Tan Zhen Wah , Tee Wei-Ven , Guarnera Enrico , Berezovsky Igor N 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
AlloMAPS 2 is an update of the Allosteric Mutation Analysis and Polymorphism of Signalling database, which contains data on allosteric communication obtained for predicted structures in the AlphaFold database (AFDB) and trRosetta-predicted Pfam domains. The data update contains Allosteric Signalling Maps (ASMs) and Allosteric Probing Maps (APMs) quantifying allosteric effects of mutations and of small probe binding, respectively. To ensure quality of the ASMs and APMs, we performed careful and accurate selection of protein sets containing high-quality predicted structures in both databases for each organism/structure, and the data is available for browsing and download. The data for remaining structures are available for download and should be used at user's discretion and responsibility. We believe these massive data can facilitate both diagnostics and drug design within the precision medicine paradigm. Specifically, it can be instrumental in the analysis of allosteric effects of pathological and rescue mutations, providing starting points for fragment-based design of allosteric effectors. The exhaustive character of allosteric signalling and probing fingerprints will be also useful in future developments of corresponding machine learning applications. The database is freely available at: http://allomaps.bii.a-star.edu.sg.
GotEnzymes: an extensive database of enzyme parameter predictions
Authors: Li Feiran , Chen Yu , Anton Mihail , Nielsen Jens 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Enzyme parameters are essential for quantitatively understanding, modelling, and engineering cells. However, experimental measurements cover only a small fraction of known enzyme-compound pairs in model organisms, much less in other organisms. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have accelerated the pace of exploring enzyme properties by predicting these in a high-throughput manner. Here, we present GotEnzymes, an extensive database with enzyme parameter predictions by AI approaches, which is publicly available at https://metabolicatlas.org/gotenzymes for interactive web exploration and programmatic access. The first release of this data resource contains predicted turnover numbers of over 25.7 million enzyme-compound pairs across 8099 organisms. We believe that GotEnzymes, with the readily-predicted enzyme parameters, would bring a speed boost to biological research covering both experimental and computational fields that involve working with candidate enzymes.
Fluids in the ICU: which is the right one?
Authors: Mayerhöfer Timo , Shaw Andrew D , Wiedermann Christian J , Joannidis Michael 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
The administration of fluids is one of the most common interventions in the intensive care unit. The effects and side effects of intravenous fluids depend on the amount administered and their specific composition. Intravenous fluid solutions are either considered crystalloids (for example 0.9% saline, lactated Ringer's solution) or colloids (artificial colloids such as gelatins, and albumin). This narrative review summarizes the physiological principles of fluid therapy and reviews the most important studies on crystalloids, artificial colloids and albumin in the context of critically ill patients.
The Yamaguchi Interferometer
Authors: Fujisawa Kenta , Aoki Takahiro , Kanazawa Sho , Akimoto Masanori , Ogura Tatsuya , Mori Kurena , Niinuma Kotaro , Motogi Kazuhito , Sawada-Satoh Satoko , Takefuji Kazuhiro , Ogawa Hideo , Kimura Kimihiro , Yonekura Yoshinori , Honma Mareki 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We report on the Yamaguchi Interferometer (YI), a one-baseline radio interferometer consisting of two radio telescopes with diameters of 32 m and 34 m. The YI is capable of making observations at frequencies of 6.9 GHz and 8.4 GHz for left-hand and right-hand circular polarizations with a bandwidth of 512 MHz. The detection sensitivity for a continuum source is 1.6 mJy (5σ) for an integration time of 1000 s. The high sensitivity is the major advantage of the YI. We use the YI mainly for monitoring observations of sources with fast variability, such as micro-quasars.
OA35 Continuing specialist care into adulthood in young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records in England
Authors: Costello Ruth , Kearsley-Fleet Lianne , McDonagh Janet , Hyrich Kimme , Humphreys Jenny 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction/Background
It is estimated that juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) persists into adulthood in at least one-third of patients, but it is unclear how frequently hospital services are used as young people move from paediatric to adult specialist services. This study aimed to describe characteristics related to continued specialist care in young people (YP) with JIA using electronic health records (EHR) in England.

Description/Method
YP with JIA were identified from primary care EHR (Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD and Aurum databases combined) between 2003 and 2018. JIA was identified if they had a Read code for JIA and either &gt; =3 Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) outpatient specialist care (rheumatology/ophthalmology) appointments or a HES inpatient admission coded with JIA, prior to age 16. Further, cases needed to have linkage to HES data, registration at the same GP for &gt;1 year beyond age 18. Cases were followed from the earliest of first Read code or first HES outpatient appointment until leaving their GP or end of 2018. Continuity of specialist care was categorised into 3 groups by age of last specialist care appointment: prior to 16 years, 16 to 17 years, and 18 years and beyond. YP were considered discharged from specialist care (a proxy for disease remission) if they had &gt; =1 year between the last appointment and end of study follow-up. Multinomial logistic regression model assessed if any demographic or comorbidity variables were associated with continuing specialist care category.

Discussion/Results
Of 666 YP eligible, 427 (64%) received specialist care beyond age 18, 90 (13%) had their last recorded contact between 16-17 years and 149 (22%) did not continue after 16 years. Patients characteristics are described in Table 1. Of those continuing beyond 18, 35% (n = 153) were subsequently discharged by study end date. Of all those discharged, 32% had a missed appointment recorded after the last visit attended suggesting failure to attend. In the regression model, female gender and a childhood diagnosis of uveitis were associated with continuing specialist care beyond age 18 compared to those discharged before age 16; respective adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) 1.84 (1.25, 2.72) and 2.23 (1.14, 4.35).

Key learning points/Conclusion
Over two-third of patients with JIA continue to have hospital visits beyond age 18. Of those, however, approximately one-third were subsequently discharged or lost to follow up from adult specialist care. These data provide important information for YP with JIA and their families, as well as clinicians running, developing and planning young adult services in paediatric and adult rheumatology.
P04 The pain word cloud project: development of a clinic prompt to support young people in conversations about pain
Authors: Holt Tilda Kierkegaard , Baz Zahra , Gnanenthiran Suruthi , Rebecca Lee R , Laura Lunt E , Janet McDonagh E 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction/Background
Pain is a predominant symptom that young people often present with in paediatric rheumatology clinics. There are several challenges with respect to pain communication between young people and healthcare professionals (Lee RR 2020). At a virtual Your Rheum meeting, (Your Rheum is a national young person’s advisory group in rheumatology), a word cloud was developed as part of the discussion to start conversations around the development of a future pain research project. Afterwards, the young people suggested the word cloud would potentially be useful to start discussions about pain in clinic.

Description/Method Aim
to determine acceptability of using a word cloud as a communication tool to prompt discussions with young people aged 11-24 years about pain in clinic. Healthcare professionals in the Barbara Ansell National Network for Adolescent Rheumatology BANNAR network were asked by Your Rheum to give out the word cloud form to consecutive young people with pain in their clinic. The following data was collected: words in the current word cloud (consisting of 35 words) which described their pain, additional words to add to the word cloud, perception regarding the usefulness of a word cloud to aid conversations about pain, using a four-point scale ranging from ‘not at all’ – ‘yes a lot’. The age and gender of each young person was also collected. The information gathered was then collated by Your Rheum members.

Discussion/Results
Of 33 young people who completed the forms, 26 were female and the mean age was 15 years, range 9-22 years. Young people selected a mean of 13/35 words from the word cloud, range 2-27 (table 1). Of the 33 young people, 14 suggested additional words (median of 2, range 1-24). Table 2 highlights additional words that could be added to the word cloud. When asked if a word cloud would help young people talk to health professionals about their pain in clinic, the majority said it yes it would (19=yes-a lot, 8=yes-a little, 5=possibly, 0=not at all 1=missing data).

Key learning points/Conclusion
The word cloud was acceptable to the participants in this study and demonstrated potential as a communication prompt from the young person’s perspective. Research is needed to determine what impact it has on pain communication between the young person and healthcare professional in the actual clinic visit.
P56 Involvement of young people in adolescent and young adult rheumatology services and research
Authors: Dillon Beth , Gnanenthiran Suruthi , Stubbs Megan , Yorke Sarah , Laura Lunt E , Janet McDonagh E 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction/Background
The Barbara Ansell National Network for Adolescent Rheumatology (BANNAR) was established in 2012. Survey results from within the paediatric and adolescent rheumatology community at this time, highlighted the lack of young people’s involvement in rheumatology research, beyond the role of study participant. Following research to determine the young person’s perspective of research and how they wanted to be involved, Your Rheum, a national young person’s advisory group, for 11-24 year olds diagnosed with a rheumatic condition, was formed in 2016.

Description/Method
Aim: to assess the current involvement of young people in rheumatology research and service delivery. A questionnaire was created using Microsoft Office online forms and emailed to all BANNAR members (n = 105). Topics included demographics, youth involvement panels and Your Rheum.

Discussion/Results
23 responses were received (21% response rate), representing 18 rheumatology centres across the UK including 15 tertiary paediatric and adolescent rheumatology centres. The majority of respondents were Consultants (n = 18). Over half of respondents (n = 16) work in centres involved in rheumatology research.
15 centres reported having a hospital-wide youth forum/advisory panel, which they promote amongst young people within their services. However, nearly all respondents reported no specific youth advisory panel for rheumatology services. Young people are actively involved in a number of areas within clinical rheumatology services (table 1), however patient satisfaction surveys were the most commonly reported. Moreover, young people are involved in aspects of rheumatology research (table 1), although this was primarily as research participants.
Over half of respondents (n = 14) have not worked with Your Rheum. Most recruit young people to get involved in the group (n = 16), however, only three respondents said they do this routinely. Common barriers to promoting Your Rheum were: lack of time in consultations; forgetting; lack of interest from the young person(s); no designated member in clinic to discuss Your Rheum with young people.

Key learning points/Conclusion
There remains a need to support youth involvement strategies at a local level as well as nationally via Your Rheum. The recent introduction of a Your Rheum animation (https://bit.ly/yourRHEUM) will hopefully support future recruitment.
P62 The benefits and limitations of telemedicine appointments for assessing children and young people with rheumatic conditions in Canada: A patient-led survey
Authors: Wilson Jennifer , Costello Wendy , Angevare Saskya , Beesley Richard 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction/Background
During the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic, some healthcare provision shifted to remote, technology-assisted appointments (telemedicine). This study sought the views of parents/carers about telemedicine, identifying the benefits and limitations, to assist in improvement to future service provision.

Description/Method
An online survey was developed and shared via social media and direct contacts, targeted at parents of children with rheumatic and autoinflammatory conditions in Canada. Fieldwork took place during May 2021. Consent was provided during enrolment.

Discussion/Results
A total of 157 responses were received (78% female, median age 12). The primary diagnosis for the majority was Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA; 39% polyarticular, 15% oligoarticular, 8% enthesitis-related JIA, 6% psoriatic, and 9% systemic). Respondents reported in-person appointments represent a considerable time burden (87% travel more than an hour to attend; 40% take a full day (or more) out of school to attend; 38% of parents take a full day off work). During the pandemic, the proportion having a telemedicine appointment increased from 5% to 82%. Table 1 shows the scores (1 worst, 5 best) given by parents about their telemedicine experience. Overall, most aspects scored positively (p&lt;.05). However, parents felt telemedicine was not as good as in-person appointments (mean 2.66, 95% CI 2.42-2.90).
Overall 61% said they would prefer the next appointment to be in-person, while 31% were amenable to some combination of in-person and virtual care.

Key learning points/Conclusion
There are advantages to telemedicine, notably saving time and making appointments accessible, and overall parents reported satisfaction with remote appointments. However, parents continue to report the value of in-person appointments.
Ancient DNA from the extinct New Zealand grayling (Prototroctes oxyrhynchus) reveals evidence for Miocene marine dispersal
Authors: Scarsbrook Lachie , Mitchell Kieren J , Mcgee Matthew D , Closs Gerard P , Rawlence Nicolas J 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The evolutionary history of Southern Hemisphere graylings (Retropinnidae) in New Zealand (NZ), including their relationship to the Australian grayling, is poorly understood. The NZ grayling (Prototroctes oxyrhynchus) is the only known fish in NZ to have gone extinct since human arrival there. Despite its historical abundance, only 23 wet and dried, formalin-fixed specimens exist in museums. We used high-throughput DNA sequencing to generate mitogenomes from formalin-fixed P. oxyrhynchus specimens, and analysed these in a temporal phylogenetic framework of retropinnids and osmerids. We recovered a strong sister-relationship between NZ and Australian grayling (P. mareana), with a common ancestor ~13.8 Mya [95% highest posterior density (HPD): 6.1–23.2 Mya], after the height of Oligocene marine inundation in NZ. Our temporal phylogenetic analysis suggests a single marine dispersal between NZ and Australia, although the direction of dispersal is equivocal, followed by divergence into genetically and morphologically distinguishable species through isolation by distance. This study provides further insights into the possible extinction drivers of the NZ grayling, informs discussion regarding reintroduction of Prototroctes to NZ and highlights how advances in palaeogenetics can be used to test evolutionary hypotheses in fish, which, until relatively recently, have been comparatively neglected in ancient-DNA research.
Pathophysiological and Neuroplastic Changes in Postamputation and Neuropathic Pain: Review of the Literature
Authors: Issa Christopher J. , Svientek Shelby R. , Dehdashtian Amir , Cederna Paul S. , Kemp Stephen W. P. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Despite advancements in surgical and rehabilitation strategies, extremity amputations are frequently associated with disability, phantom limb sensations, and chronic pain. Investigation into potential treatment modalities has focused on the pathophysiological changes in both the peripheral and central nervous systems to better understand the underlying mechanism in the development of chronic pain in persons with amputations.

Methods:
Presented in this article is a discussion outlining the physiological changes that occur in the peripheral and central nervous systems following amputation. In this review, the authors examine the molecular and neuroplastic changes occurring in the nervous system, as well as the state-of-the-art treatment to help reduce the development of postamputation pain.

Results:
This review summarizes the current literature regarding neurological changes following amputation. Development of both central sensitization and neuronal remodeling in the spinal cord and cerebral cortex allows for the development of neuropathic and phantom limb pain postamputation. Recently developed treatments targeting these pathophysiological changes have enabled a reduction in the severity of pain; however, complete resolution remains elusive.

Conclusions:
Changes in the peripheral and central nervous systems following amputation should not be viewed as separate pathologies, but rather two interdependent mechanisms that underlie the development of pathological pain. A better understanding of the physiological changes following amputation will allow for improvements in therapeutic treatments to minimize pathological pain caused by amputation.
Functional and Psychosocial Outcomes following Innervated Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abbas Fuad , Klomparens Kara , Simman Richard 
Published: September 2022

Background:
With the incidence of breast cancer, breast cancer survival rates, and prophylactic mastectomies all increasing, efforts to optimize breast reconstruction and improve quality of life are becoming increasingly important. Nerve coaptation has been investigated for its potential to remedy the clinical and psychosocial deficits in newly reconstructed breasts. The purpose of this review is to gauge the efficacy of nerve coaptation during breast reconstruction in creating worthwhile benefits in both objective and subjective dimensions of sensation.

Methods:
A Prospero registered systematic review was conducted. Databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, and ScienceDirect were screened using search terms “innervation," “breast reconstruction," and “neurotization” and relevant inclusion criteria.

Results:
Twenty-three studies were found that met parameters for inclusion. We identified studies that assessed DIEP-based reconstruction (7), TRAM-based reconstruction (9), implant-based reconstruction (2), and five studies that looked at a variety of reconstructive modalities. Monofilament testing was the most common modality used to assess sensation, while pain, temperature, and pressure thresholds were assessed more infrequently. Various tools were used to measure psychosocial impacts, including the BREAST-Q. While the methods for evaluation of both aspects of sensation were heterogenous, there was a trend towards improved outcomes with neurotization.

Conclusions:
The results of this review show promising improvements in clinical and psychosocial outcomes in innervated breasts compared to non-innervated breasts. However, the heterogeneity of studies in the literature indicates that more multi-center studies with standardized methodology including the BREAST-Q, sensory testing and complication analysis are needed to adequately demonstrate the value of neurotization in breast reconstruction.