bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Backbone and side-chain resonance assignments of the NISTmAb-scFv and antigen-binding study
Authors: Ghasriani Houman , Ahmadi Sara , Hodgson Derek J , Aubin Yves 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) therapeutics are the largest and fastest growing class of biologic drugs, amongst which, the vast majority are immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1). Their antigen binding abilities are used for the treatment of immunologic diseases, cancer therapy, reversal of drug effects, and targeting viruses and bacteria. The high importance of therapeutic mAbs and their derivatives has called for the generation of well-characterized standards for method development and calibration. One such standard, the NISTmAb RM 8621 based on the antibody motavizumab, has been developed by the National Institute of Technologies and Standards (NIST) in the US. Here, we present the resonance assignment of the single chain variable fragment, NISTmAb-scFv, that was engineered by linking the variable domains of the heavy and light chains of the NISTmAb. Also, addition of a peptide, corresponding to the target antigen of motavizumab, to samples of NISTmAb-scFv has induced chemical shift perturbations on residues lining the antigen binding interface thereby indicating proper folding of the NISTmAb-scFv.
Compound A attenuates proinflammatory cytokine-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in ß-cells and displays beneficial therapeutic effects in a mouse model of autoimmune diabetes
Authors: Andreone Luz , Fuertes Florencia , Sétula Carolina , Tabarrozzi Andres E. Barcala , Orellano Miranda S. , Dewey Ricardo A. , Bottino Rita , De Bosscher Karolien , Perone Marcelo J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by an immune-mediated progressive destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells. Proinflammatory cytokines trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent insulin secretory deficiency in cultured β-cells, mimicking the islet microenvironment in T1D. β-cells undergo physiologic ER stress due to the high rate of insulin production and secretion under stimulated conditions. Severe and uncompensated ER stress in β-cells is induced by several pathological mechanisms before onset and during T1D. We previously described that the small drug Compound A (CpdA), a selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR/NR3C1, nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1) ligand with demonstrated inflammation-suppressive activity in vivo, is an effective modulator of effector T and dendritic cells and of macrophages, yet, in a GR-independent manner. Here, we focus on CpdA’s therapeutic potential in T1D cellular and animal models. We demonstrate that CpdA improves the unfolded protein response (UPR) by attenuating ER stress and favoring the survival and function of β-cells exposed to an environment of proinflammatory cytokines. CpdA administration to NODscid mice adoptively transferred with diabetogenic splenocytes (from diabetic NOD mice) led to a delay of disease onset and reduction of diabetes incidence. Histological analysis of the pancreas showed a reduction in islet leukocyte infiltration (insulitis) and preservation of insulin expression in CpdA-treated normoglycemic mice in comparison with control group. These new findings together with our previous reports justify further studies on the administration of this small molecule as a novel therapeutic strategy with dual targets (effector immune and β-cells) during autoimmune diabetes.
Immunostimulatory activity of Syneilesis palmata leaves through macrophage activation via TLR2/4-dependent p38 activation and macrophage autophagy via TLR2/4 stimulation
Authors: Park So Jung , Yu Ju Hyung , Choi Min Yeong , Lee Jae Won , Jeong Jin Boo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Syneilesis palmata (Thunb.) Maxim (S. palmata) has been used as a traditional medicinal plant and vegetable. it has been found that S. palmata has anti-inflammatory activity, anti-cancer activity, and anti-HIV-1 activity. However, there are no studies on the immunostimulatory activity of S. palmata. Thus, in this study, we report that S. palmata leaves (SPL) induce the activation of macrophages. SPL increased the production of immunostimulatory factors and phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells. TLR2/4 inhibition blocked SPL-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors and phagocytosis. In addition, the p38 inhibition reduced the SPL-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors, and the SPL-mediated p38 activation was blocked by the TLR2/4 inhibition. SPL increased the level of LC3-II and p62/SQSTM1. TLR2/4 inhibition blocked SPL-mediated increase in the level of LC3-II and p62/SQSTM1. These findings indicate that SPL may activate macrophage activation through TLR2/4-mediated activation of p38, and activate macrophage autophagy through TLR2/4 stimulation
Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection and associated risk factors in the Tibetan area, China
Authors: Zhu Xiaowu , Liu Linlin , Yixi Lamu , Yang Yanan , Zhang Yan , Zhen Yang , Chen Huali , Dong Jinfeng , Yang Shouhua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide and is associated with several complications. However, the paucity of research regarding the prevalence of T. vaginalis infection in the Tibetan area limits control efforts. We compared the prevalence of T. vaginalis infection in the Tibetan area and Wuhan city of China to unveil the epidemiological characteristics of this issue in the Tibetan area.
Methods
This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among adult women attending gynecology outpatient clinics in two public hospitals (one in the Tibetan area and one in Wuhan city) in China in 2020. Data were retrieved from the medical record system and laboratory information management system, including T. vaginalis infection, bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis by wet mount microscopy and nucleic acid hybridization of vaginal secretions from patients. The associations of variables associated with T. vaginalis prevalence were quantified by odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.
Results
The overall prevalence rates of T. vaginalis infection in the Tibetan area and Wuhan city were 20.94% and 2.84%, respectively. Significant risk factors for having T. vaginalis infection in the Tibetan area included lower educational status and lower family income, clinical symptoms and a high level of vaginal cleanliness in the multivariate logistic analysis.
Conclusion
Interventions targeting improving living standards as well as women's educational level and promoting reproductive hygiene habits are recommended to contribute to the reduction in T. vaginalis infection in the Tibetan area.
Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of a Single Thermal Pulsation System Treatment (Lipiflow®) on Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Meng Zhu , Chu Xiaoran , Zhang Chen , Liu Hui , Yang Ruibo , Huang Yue , Zhao Shaozhen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Evaluate the efficacy and safety of LipiFlow® thermal pulsation treatment system compared with lid massage combined warm compress in Chinese patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).
Methods
Patients (n = 100 eyes, 50 subjects) diagnosed with MGD were recruited for this prospective, randomized, 3-month clinical trial. In Lipiflow group, patients (n = 50 eyes) received a single LipiFlow® thermal pulsation system treatment. In warm compress group, patients (n = 50 eyes) underwent warm compress daily for two weeks after an initial manual lid massage. Patients’ symptoms were evaluated using Standard Patient Evaluation for Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire. Safety parameters included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) and objective parameters including meibomian glands yielding lipid secretion (MGYLS) number, meibomian glands secretion (MGS) score, lipid layer thickness (LLT), tear-film breakup time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) were measured and presented from baseline and to 3 months post-treatment.
Results
Baseline parameters in both groups were comparable (p > 0.05). SPEED score and TBUT improved in two groups from baseline to 3 months. MGYLS number, MGS score, LLT improved in LipiFlow group and these improvements were maintained with no significant regression at 3 months. CFS showed significant improvement in warm compress group at 1 month compared with LipiFlow group. Moreover, the correlation analysis indicated LLT was positively correlated with TBUT, MGS score, and MGYLS number.
Conclusion
A single 12-min LipiFlow treatment is an effective therapy for MGD patients and can achieve improvements in symptoms alleviation and meibomian gland lipid secretion function lasting for at least 3 months.
High sensitivity detection of capsaicin in red pepper oil based on reduced graphene oxide enhanced by β-cyclodextrin
Authors: Yun Ning , Lu Chaoqun , Sun Tian , Xu Baocai , Song Yushen , Zong Zibing , Chen Kangwen , Huang Ganhui , Chen Xingguang , Gu Qianhui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Red pepper oil is a kind of condiment used in the food factories, and its spicy degree can be reflected by the content of capsaicin. However, the classification method of red pepper oil is too subjective to be applied in food factories. In our work, a sensitivity electrochemical sensor for detecting capsaicin was constructed based on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) assisted reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The results showed that the introduction of β-CD made rGO more dispersed, increasing the electrochemical active surface area of β-CD/rGO, thus improving the charge transfer rate. Furthermore, polycyclodextrin with selective recognition ability was dispersed on the surface of rGO, providing the possibility of capsaicin enrichment on the surface of the sensor. Based on these reasons, the sensor had a lower detection limit (0.05 µg/mL), and the acceptable stability and anti-interference. Most importantly, β-CD/rGO/GCE displayed a satisfactory recovery rate (94.83% ~ 115.75%) in the detection of red pepper oil, and there was no statistical significance difference between this method and the LC-MS method.
Morphology of the coronal fractures in the femoral supracondylar and intercondylar fractures: a retrospective study
Authors: Ding Yin , Wang Dong , Zeeshan Waheed Muhammad , Zhou Jun-Lin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies reported the incidence of coronal fractures in the supracondylar-intercondylar fractures. We knew a little about the morphology of those fractures. Thus, we decided to describe the characteristics of the coronal fractures in AO/OTA type 33.C3 fractures and compare their differences to Busch-Hoffa fractures.
Methods
We retrospectively collected 166 patients with supracondylar-intercondylar fractures, including two bilateral fractures. We drew three-dimensional fracture maps according to CT images and measured two angles: angle α (coronal fracture intersected the posterior condyle axis in the axis plane) and angle β ( coronal fracture intersected the posterior femoral cortex in the sagittal plane).
Results
Thirty-three cases (30%) of AO/OTA type 33.C fractures contained coronal fragments. Most of them were type 33.C3 fractures. Angles α and β of the type 33.C3 were smaller than those of the type B3 at the lateral condyle, while the angles at the medial condyle were not significantly different. The fracture maps showed the coronal fractures and the articular comminution area were more anterior in the type 33.C3. An uncommon coronal fracture type in the type 33.C3 and C2 was found: the metaphysis was crushed and the posterior condyle was multifragmentary in the type C3 or simply fractured in the type C2 with a coronal fracture on it.
Conclusions
The incidence of coronal fractures was 30% in AO/OTA type 33.C and 67% in type 33.C3. The coronal fractures in the type 33.C3 were different from those in the type 33.B3 and should be treated specially.
Efficiency-optimized Data Perturbation in Local Differentially Private Federated Learning
Authors: Zhao Jianzhe , Yang Mengbo , Zheng Jiali , Feng Jingran , Matwin Stan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Federated learning (FL) pours vitality into developing data-driven AI. However, there are still some challenges, such as balancing the security and efficiency in FL. Differential privacy is one of the dominant means in privacy-preserving machine learning. Local differential privacy (LDP) further realizes the confidentiality of the server by perturbing the transmitting parameters, which is naturally applicable for the decentralized FL. However, the current research exists the weaknesses of low communication efficiency and poor adaptability in complex deep learning models. In this work, we propose an efficiency-optimized LDP data perturbation mechanism (Adaptive-Harmony), which allows adaptive parameter range to reduce variance and improve model accuracy. Specifically, each client in each round adaptively selects perturbation parameters according to model training. Furthermore, only 1-bit data transmission for each dimension of the model parameters, thus significantly reducing the communication overhead. Theoretical analysis and proof have shown that Adaptive-Harmony holds the same asymptotic error bounds and convergence performance as advanced works but with minimal communication costs. An LDP-FL framework (Optimal LDP-FL) is also proposed, taking Adaptive-Harmony as the core. We also introduce a parameter shuffling in the Optimal LDP-FL, which avoids server tracking clients through the model parameters, thereby improving privacy levels without consuming the privacy budget. Comprehensive experiments on the MNIST and Fashion MNIST datasets show that the proposed method can significantly reduce computational and communication costs with the same level of privacy and model utility.
A 53-year-old woman with solitary plasmacytoma of skull: a case report
Authors: Ma Jiaqi , Liu Bei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Solitary plasmacytoma is a rare malignant plasma cell disease, accounting for about 3% of all malignant plasma cell diseases. Therefore, we report a rare case of solitary plasmacytoma showing growth and invasion patterns in the right lateral orbit.Case Presentation: Patient concerns A 53-year-old woman presented in 7 years ago with right facial numbness for a month and the symptoms had worsened for two weeks. Diagnosis Solitary bone plasmacytoma in right lateral orbital exhibiting in growth and encroachment pattern. Interventions We placed the patient in the supine position and operated from the right pterional approach to remove the tumor. The patient underwent surgery to remove all the tumor, however, she did not receive any radiotherapy. Outcomes After 7 years of postoperative follow-up, the patient showed no functional damage, no tumor recurrence, and had orthobiosis, and proper functioning. Conclusions: Solitary plasmacytoma of skull is so rare that It's hard to accumulate large cohorts and conduct clinical trials to discover better treatment models and ideas. Further prospective studies are needed on patients' recovery.
Long-term Results of Upfront, Single-session Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Large Cystic Vestibular Schwannomas
Authors: Peker Selcuk , Samanci Yavuz , Ozdemir Inan Erdem , Kunst Henricus PM , Eekers Daniëlle B P , Temel Yasin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Anecdotally, cystic vestibular schwannomas (cVSs) are regarded to have unpredictable biologic activity with poorer clinical results and most studies showed a less favorable prognosis following surgery. While stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a well-established therapeutic option for small to medium-sized VSs, cVSs are often larger, thus making upfront SRS more complicated. The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the efficacy and safety of upfront SRS for large cVSs. Methods: The authors reviewed the data of 54 patients who received upfront, single-session GKRS with a diagnosis of large cVS (>4 cm3). Patients with neurofibromatosis type 2, multiple VSs, or recurrent VSs and < 24 months of clinical and neuroimaging follow-up were excluded.Results: Hearing loss (48.1%) was the primary presenting symptom. The majority of cVSs were KOOS grade IV (66.7%), and the most prevalent cyst pattern was “mixed pattern of small and big cysts” (46.3%). The median time between diagnosis and GKRS was 12 months (range, 1-147 months). At GKRS, the median cVS volume was 6.95 cm3 (range, 4.1–22 cm3). The median marginal dose was 12 Gy (range, 10-12 Gy). The mean radiological and clinical follow-up periods were 62.2 ± 34.04 months (range, 24-169 months) and 94.9 ± 45.41 months (range, 24-175 months), respectively. At 2, 6, and 12 years, the tumor control rates were 100%, 95.7%, and 85.0%, respectively. Tumor shrinkage occurred in 92.6% of patients (n=50), tumor volume remained stable in 5.6% of patients (n=3), and tumor growth occurred in 1.9 percent of patients (n=1). At a median follow-up of 53.5 months, the pre-GKRS tumor volume significantly decreased to 2.35 cm3 (p<0.001). While Koos grade 3 patients had a greater possibility of attaining higher volume reduction, “multiple small thick-walled cyst pattern” and smaller tumor volumes decreased the likelihood of achieving higher volume reduction. Serviceable hearing (Gardner-Robertson Scale I-II) was present in 16.7% of patients prior to GKRS and it was preserved in all of these patients following GKRS. After GKRS, 1.9% of patients (n=1) had new-onset trigeminal neuralgia. There was no new-onset facial palsy, hemifacial spasm, or hydrocephalus.Conclusions: Contrary to what was believed, our findings suggest that upfront GKRS seems to be a safe and effective treatment option for large cVSs.
Dupilumab-Associated Mycosis Fungoides; A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hamp Austin , Hanson Jamie , Schwartz Robert A , Lambert W. Clark , Alhatem Albert 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Importance: Treating AD with dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13), may be associated with progression of MF. Objective: To examine the associations between length of dupilumab treatment, age and sex, and onset of MF. Design, Setting, and Participants: An institutional data registry and literature search were used for a retrospective cross-sectional study. Only patients with a diagnosis of MF on dupilumab for the treatment of AD and eczematous dermatitis were included. Exposure: AD patients treated with dupilumab. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was the length of dupilmab exposure, age and sex, and MF onset. Linear correlations (Pearson) and Cox regression analysis were used to assess the correlation and the risk. Results: Five eligible patients were identified at our institution. In addition, the PubMed review identified an additional 20 patients. The median age was 58 years, with 42% female. Disease history was significant for adult-onset AD in most patients (n=17, 65.4%) or recent flare of AD previously in remission (n=3, 11.5%). All patients were diagnosed with MF, and one patient progressed to Sezary syndrome while on dupilumab, with an average duration of 13.5 months of therapy prior to diagnosis. Tumor stage was described in 19 of the cases and ranged from an early-stage disease (IA) to advanced disease (IV). Treatment strategies included narrow-band UVB therapy, topical corticosteroids, brentuximab, praladextrate, and acitretin. Male gender, advanced-stage disease, and older age correlated significantly with the hazard of MF onset and a shorter time to onset during dupilumab treatment. Conclusion and Relevance: Our results suggest a correlation between the duration of dupilumab treatment and the diagnosis of MF, the higher MF stage at diagnosis the shorter the duration of using dupilumab to MF onset. Furthermore, elderly male patients appeared to be more at risk as both male gender and older age correlated with hazard of MF diagnosis. The results raise the question as to whether the patients had MF misdiagnosed as AD that was unmasked by dupilumab or if MF truly is an adverse effect of treatment with dupilumab. Close Monitoring of these patients and further investigation of the relationship between dupilumab and MF can shed more light into this question.
Potential use of essential oils from Origanum vulgare and Syzygium aromaticum to control Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on two host plant species
Authors: Susurluk Hilal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Plant extracts and plant essential oils are considered alternatives to synthetic chemicals having toxic effects on insects and mites. Acaricidal, repellent, and oviposition effects of commercially available essential oils of Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) and Syzygium aromaticum (L.) (Myrtaceae) were investigated in this study on Tetranychus urticae, one of the main pests in agriculture, on two host plant species, using leaf disc bioassays. O. vulgare essential oil showed higher toxicity to T. urticae protonymphs and adults inhabiting both bean and tomato leaves than S. aromaticum essential oil. The LC50 values of O. vulgare essential oil were found to be 1.676 and 2.052 µl L−1 air for the bean populations in protonymphs and adult females, and 1.877 and 3.076 µl L−1 air for the tomato populations, respectively. S. aromaticum essential oil in the concentrations of 5% had the highest repellent effect on the bean population of T. urticae after 1, 24, and 48 hours, resulting in 61.22%, 40.81%, and 18% repellence, respectively. The mortality rates of adult females of T. urticae treated with either O. vulgare or S. aromaticum essential oil increased with the increasing concentration and time on both host plants. Both essential oils caused a decrease in egg number and larvae hatching in both bean and tomato populations of T. urticae.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis of two homoeoalleles in tobacco confers resistance to powdery mildew
Authors: Wang Xuebo , Li Dandan , Tan Xiaolei , Cai Changchun , Zhang Xinyao , Shen Zhan , Yang Aiguo , Fu Xiankui , Liu Dan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 technology has proven to be an effective tool for crop improvement. In tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), the Mildew Locus O (MLO) genes, NtMLO1 and NtMLO2, are responsible for powdery mildew susceptibility. However, modification of multiple homoeoalleles is complex in polyploidy crops. Therefore, we employed the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9) system containing a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) to enable targeted mutagenesis of both NtMLOs simultaneously and enhance the powdery mildew resistance of tobacco. The approach generated different mutants, of which two-thirds had both genes mutated. In the T1 lines, three types of mutations were identified for NtMLO1 and two types for NtMLO2 at the expected position based on Sanger sequencing. Meanwhile, four mutation events were identified in the mutants with both genes edited in T1 lines. These double mutants showed enhanced resistance to powdery mildew, whereas the mutants with only one edited gene showed no significant difference compared to wild-type plants. Our results suggest that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted editing of NtMLO1 and NtMLO2 is a practical approach for improving the powdery mildew resistance of tobacco.