bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing Engagement of Women Veterans in Health Research
Authors: Chrystal Joya G. , Dyer Karen E. , Gammage Cynthia E. , Klap Ruth S. , Carney Diane V. , Frayne Susan M. , Yano Elizabeth M. , Hamilton Alison B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Meaningful engagement of patients in health research has the potential to increase research impact and foster patient trust in healthcare. For the past decade, the Veterans Health Administration (VA) has invested in increasing Veteran engagement in research.

Objective
We sought the perspectives of women Veterans, VA women’s health primary care providers (WH-PCPs), and administrators on barriers to and facilitators of health research engagement among women Veterans, the fastest growing subgroup of VA users.

Design
Semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews were conducted from October 2016 to April 2018.

Participants
Women Veterans (N=31), WH-PCPs (N=22), and administrators (N=6) were enrolled across five VA Women’s Health Practice-Based Research Network sites.

Approach
Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Consensus-based coding was conducted by two expert analysts.

Key Results
All participants endorsed the importance of increasing patient engagement in women’s health research. Women Veterans expressed altruistic motives as a personal determinant for research engagement, and interest in driving women’s health research forward as a stakeholder or research partner. Challenges to engagement included lack of awareness about opportunities, distrust of research, competing priorities, and confidentiality concerns. Suggestions to increase engagement include utilizing VA’s patient-facing portals of the electronic health record for outreach, facilitating “warm hand-offs” between researchers and clinic staff, developing an accessible research registry, and communicating the potential research impact for Veterans.

Conclusions
Participants expressed support for increasing women Veterans’ engagement in women’s health research and identified feasible ways to foster and implement engagement of women Veterans. Given the unique healthcare needs of women Veterans, engaging them in research could translate to improved care, especially for future generations. Knowledge about how to improve women Veterans’ research engagement can inform future VA policy and practice for more meaningful interventions and infrastructure.
Co-creating the Patient Partner Guide by a Multiple Chronic Conditions Team of Patients, Clinicians, and Researchers: Observational Report
Authors: van Eeghen Constance , Hitt Juvena R. , Pomeroy Douglas J. , Reynolds Paula , Rose Gail L. , O’Rourke Lavoie Jennifer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundEngaging patients as partners can influence research, with rewards and deterrents. The authors are researchers and patient co-investigators who collaborated on a comparative effectiveness, randomized controlled study of a structured quality improvement (QI) process to improve behavioral health and primary care integration for people managing multiple chronic conditions (MCC). Patient co-investigators responded to a gap in available resources to support study clinics in partnering with their own patients in QI and co-created the Patient Partner Guide (PPG).ObjectiveDescribe the development of the PPG, its use by clinics undertaking the QI project, and research team partnerships.DesignObservational report of study intervention component.ParticipantsDiverse patients and family members managing MCC and members of their primary care clinics.InterventionThe PPG component of the study intervention is a five-step workbook providing practical tools and resources to sustain partnerships across clinic QI team members, including patient partners. The process of developing the PPG relied on relationship-building tools that were iteratively assessed, practiced, improved, and incorporated into the PPG under the leadership of patient co-investigators.Main MeasuresObservations related to PPG use and patient partner inclusion in clinic QI; impact on the research team.Key ResultsOf 20 clinics, 6 engaged patients as full partners on QI teams. Clinics found resistance in partnering and challenges in using the PPG but valued the material and their partners’ contributions. Similarly, engagement of patient co-investigators in research brought a shift in perspective to team members. The PPG is available and was adapted for use by research teams.ConclusionsEngagement of patients and other stakeholders in research can be transformative and productive. Building relationships through meaningful work benefits others, and in turn, the research process. This approach can enhance clinical care QI and may result in substantial contributions to the conduct of research.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02868983
Reparaturwege in Krebszellen gezielt ausschalten
Authors: Ensminger Michael , Llorens-Agost Marta , Löbrich Markus 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 are associated with breast, ovarian and other cancers. Cells with these mutations are defective in homologous recombination (HR), one of two main processes to repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Survival of these cells strongly relies on the usage of alternative repair pathways, such as POLθ-mediated end-joining (TMEJ). Thus, targeting TMEJ could be a promising new strategy for the therapy of BRCA1- and BRCA2-mutant tumours.
Nurturing Innovative Work Behaviour through Workplace Learning among Knowledge Workers of Small and Medium Businesses
Authors: Shah Syed Tanveer Hussain , Shah Syed Mohsin Ali , El-Gohary Hatem 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrganisations need to be innovative to be able to face the complexity and turbulence of the environmental forces and factors surrounding them. This is true in the case of all types of organisations, including SMEs, where innovations are essential for their survival and growth. As such, organisations need to nurture Innovative Work Behaviour (IWB) among their employees through different means. To achieve such ultimate goal, Workplaces Employees Learning can benefit many companies. Meanwhile, Workplace Learning (WPL) can improve the competencies and skills of employees and help their IWB. This research focuses on the role of WPL as a predictor of IWB among knowledge workers of SMEs in developing countries (i.e. Pakistan). Through convenient sampling technique, questionnaires were distributed among employees of 173 SMEs, resulting in 311 useable questionnaires. Data were analysed using Smart-PLS 3. The results indicated that WPL facilitated IWB among SME employees, with informal and incidental learning being the most critical predictors compared to formal means of learning. The research results reinforce the importance of WPL and IWB, and their implications are beneficial for SMEs and the academic society.
High School Educator Training by Simulation to Address Emotional and Behavioral Concerns in School Settings: A Randomized Study
Authors: Albright Glenn , Fazel Mina , Khalid Nikita , McMillan Jeremiah , Hilty Don , Shockley Kristen , Joshi Shashank 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine the impact of an online virtual human role-play simulation in teaching high school educators and staff to identify, talk to, and if necessary, refer students in psychological distress to support services. High school educators (N = 31,144) from 43 US states and 5 American territories completed a baseline survey and then randomly assigned to a wait-list control or treatment group. Participants in the treatment group completed the training simulation which included active learning strategies to teach evidenced-based communication strategies such as motivational interviewing to build skills and shift attitudes. Immediately after the training, treatment group participants completed a post-survey and then a 3-month follow-up survey. Baseline and post-surveys included the validated gatekeeper behavior scale measures which assess attitudinal constructs that predict helping behaviors. Self-reported helping behaviors were collected at baseline from both groups and at the 3-month follow-up for the treatment group. The treatment group participants’ post and follow-up data were compared to the control group’s baseline measures. The treatment group post-training scores were significantly higher (p < .001) than the control group’s baseline scores for all gatekeeper behavior scale attitudinal constructs of preparedness, likelihood, and self-efficacy to engage in helping behaviors. A teacher subsample reported significant increases (p < .001) in the number of students referred to mental health support services when compared to baseline measures of the control group. Role-play simulations hold promise in teaching educators to become the “eyes and ears” of student mental health by empowering them to identify students in psychological distress, engage them in effective conversations about their concerns, and if necessary, make a referral to behavioral health support services. Future studies need to implement measures that document students entering counseling as a result of self-reported referrals and examine the impact of the training on the overall mental health culture within schools. Such studies could lead to simulations being widely adopted to support public health initiatives that address student mental health and wellness.
Longitudinal Vibration Analysis of a Stepped Nonlocal Rod Embedded in Several Elastic Media
Authors: Taima Moustafa S. , El-Sayed Tamer , Farghaly Said H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Mechanical properties of 1D nanostructures are of great importance in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) applications. The free vibration analysis is a non-destructive technique for evaluating Young's modulus of nanorods and for detecting defects in nanorods. Therefore, this paper aims to study the longitudinal free vibration of a stepped nanorod embedded in several elastic media.

Methods
The analysis is based on Eringen’s nonlocal theory of elasticity. The governing equation is obtained using Hamilton’s principle and then transformed into the nonlocal analysis. The dynamic stiffness matrix (DSM) method is used to assemble the rod segments equations. The case of a two-segment nanorod embedded in two elastic media is then deeply investigated.

Results
The effect of changing the elastic media stiffness, the segments stiffness ratio, boundary conditions and the nonlocal parameter are examined. The nano-rod spectrum and dispersion relations are also investigated.

Conclusion
The results show that increasing the elastic media stiffness and the segment stiffness ratio increases the natural frequencies. Furthermore, increasing the nonlocal parameter reduces natural frequencies slightly at lower modes and significantly at higher modes.
A comprehensive high-resolution gridded emission inventory of anthropogenic sources of air pollutants in Indian megacity Kolkata
Authors: Mangaraj Poonam , Sahu Saroj Kumar , Beig Gufran , Yadav Ravi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, we present a first-ever effort made to develop an ultra-high-resolution gridded emission inventory (i.e. ~ 0.4 km ×  ~ 0.4 km) for the Indian megacity Kolkata. As the rising demand for fossil fuels based energy along with the spread of urban corridors have forced the anthropogenic activities to a mounting level, therefore determining the sources responsible is of paramount importance. This has worsened not only the regional air quality but also has an indirect effect on the global air quality. The spatial and temporal variation of the source requires an accurate estimation of the surface emission which is the most essential parameter to study the air quality, that positively has been fulfilled in this study. The annual emission for 2020 is calculated to be 37.2 Gg/yr of PM2.5, 61.4 Gg/yr of PM10, 222.6 Gg/yr of CO, 131.3 Gg/yr of NOx, 60.3 Gg/yr of SO2, 120.4 Gg/yr of VOC, 9.5 Gg/yr of BC and 16.8 Gg/yr of OC that prevails in the toxic air of megacity Kolkata. The present surface chemistry dataset will be the first line of detailed information regarding emission hotspots in the megacity that could be used as important tool for clean air mitigation strategies, input into the air quality modeling study to tackle environmental issues, and public health.

Article Highlights

Identification of sources of pollutants through spatially resolved high-resolution inventory in megacity Kolkata.

Unlike transport and industrial sector, municipal solid waste burning has emerged as another big source.

Present information is vital for policy making to mitigate air quality issues and modeling studies.
Circular Economy of Water: Definition, Strategies and Challenges
Authors: Morseletto Piero , Mooren Caro Eline , Munaretto Stefania 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe circular economy has attracted considerable attention also in relation to water, an indispensable element to the sustainment of life and a critical input resource for the world economy. Despite a growing body of research on the circular economy of water (CEW), a consistent terminology and a clear conceptualisation of CEW strategies are lacking. Without such aspects, decision-makers, scientists and professionals may be hindered in developing a shared understanding of problems and solutions and exploiting new opportunities in the domain of the CEW. Furthermore, we argue that water is a unique element in the circular economy because it is a resource, a product and a service with no equivalent in the economic system and should be considered and valued as such in the CEW. Accordingly, we provide the definition of the CEW as an economic framework for reducing, preserving and optimising the use of water through waste avoidance, efficient utilisation and quality retention while ensuring environmental protection and conservation. Building on an analysis of academic literature and cases studies, we outline and illustrate a set of nine CEW strategies, including Rethink, Avoid, Reduce, Replace, Reuse, Recycle, Cascade, Store and Recover. Finally, we identify normative (legislation), governance (roles and responsibilities) and implementation (barriers and opportunities for application) challenges that need to be addressed to facilitate the transition to a comprehensive CEW.
Consciousness and Attention in the Bhagavad Gita
Authors: MAITRA KEYA 
Published: March 2022

AbstractConsciousness is a central topic in Hindu philosophy. This is because this philosophy understands reality in terms of brahman or atman (typically translated as the self), and consciousness is conceived as the essential marker of self. The prominent Hindu text Bhagavad Gita offers an exception. Self is conceived in the Gita not in terms of its essential identity with pure or transcendental consciousness. But the question remains, does the Gita still offer us a theory of consciousness? The goal of my paper is to show that the Gita can be taken as offering an interesting empirical theory of consciousness. My paper focuses on determining the nature of attention in the Gita's understanding of yoga, and to articulate the role of such attention in the Gita's theory of consciousness. My working conclusion is that what differentiates an ordinary person's consciousness from a yogi's consciousness is the nature of their attention both in terms of its manner and its object. I argue, further, that exploring the Gita's theory of consciousness, especially in conjunction with the nature of attention, is immensely fruitful because it allows us to see the Gita's potential contribution to our contemporary philosophical discussion of consciousness and attention. This is because bringing the Gita into discussion allows us to appreciate a dimension of the metaphysics of attention–namely, the dimension of manner of attending and its cultivation, and the moral and social implications in the proposed redirection of one's attention--not often recognized in the contemporary Western discussion.
Power divider network for dual-fed adaptive antenna
Authors: Fischer Serafin B. , Hesselbarth Jan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExposing the near field of an antenna to varying dielectric environment causes changes of the antenna input impedance and, thus, unwanted feed mismatch. Feeding such an antenna at different points, and selecting an appropriate feed for best match at a given scenario, may solve the problem. For the case of two scenarios of different dielectric environments and an antenna with two feed points, this work presents a passive power divider network, which keeps the antenna matched to the source in either scenario. Specific impedance transformations in the two branches of the divider network realize power transfer in a first scenario from the source to complex feed impedance at the first antenna feed, while in a second scenario, with now different antenna feed impedances, matched power transfer is from the source to the second antenna feed. Analytical formulae are derived for the design of the divider network. An experiment uses an example antenna with two feeds and a microstrip divider network, connected to a common 50 ohm port. Measurements are conducted with the antenna radiating, first, in air and, secondly, into butter. The measurements show antenna match at 1 GHz in either case and agree well with the analytical results.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal microRNA-381-3p alleviates vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease by targeting NFAT5
Authors: Liu Yingjie , Guo Yan , Bao Shumin , Huang Hongdong , Liu Wenhu , Guo Weikang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVascular calcification (VC) is a significant complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cellular apoptosis is one of the intricate mechanisms of VC. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome (BMSC-Exo) alleviates VC, but the mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the mechanism of BMSC-Exo using high phosphate stimulated Human aortic smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs) and 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy (SNx) rat models. We demonstrated that the effect of BMSC-Exo on the inhibition of cellular apoptosis and calcification partially depended on exosomal microRNA-381-3p (miR-381-3p) both in vivo and in vitro, and confirmed that miR-381-3p could inhibit Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) expression by directly binding to its 3′ untranslated region. Additionally, we found that severe calcification of arteries in dialysis patients was associated with decreased miR-381-3p and increased NFAT5 expression levels. Collectively, our findings proved that BMSC-Exo plays anti-calcification and anti-apoptosis roles in CKD by delivering enclosed miR-381-3p, which directly targets NFAT5 mRNA, and leads to a better understanding of the mechanism of CKD-VC.
Video-rate high-precision time-frequency multiplexed 3D coherent ranging
Authors: Qian Ruobing , Zhou Kevin C. , Zhang Jingkai , Viehland Christian , Dhalla Al-Hafeez , Izatt Joseph A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFrequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is an emerging 3D ranging technology that offers high sensitivity and ranging precision. Due to the limited bandwidth of digitizers and the speed limitations of beam steering using mechanical scanners, meter-scale FMCW LiDAR systems typically suffer from a low 3D frame rate, which greatly restricts their applications in real-time imaging of dynamic scenes. In this work, we report a high-speed FMCW based 3D imaging system, combining a grating for beam steering with a compressed time-frequency analysis approach for depth retrieval. We thoroughly investigate the localization accuracy and precision of our system both theoretically and experimentally. Finally, we demonstrate 3D imaging results of multiple static and moving objects, including a flexing human hand. The demonstrated technique achieves submillimeter localization accuracy over a tens-of-centimeter imaging range with an overall depth voxel acquisition rate of 7.6 MHz, enabling densely sampled 3D imaging at video rate.
Microbes contribute to setting the ocean carbon flux by altering the fate of sinking particulates
Authors: Nguyen Trang T. H. , Zakem Emily J. , Ebrahimi Ali , Schwartzman Julia , Caglar Tolga , Amarnath Kapil , Alcolombri Uria , Peaudecerf François J. , Hwa Terence , Stocker Roman , Cordero Otto X. , Levine Naomi M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSinking particulate organic carbon out of the surface ocean sequesters carbon on decadal to millennial timescales. Predicting the particulate carbon flux is therefore critical for understanding both global carbon cycling and the future climate. Microbes play a crucial role in particulate organic carbon degradation, but the impact of depth-dependent microbial dynamics on ocean-scale particulate carbon fluxes is poorly understood. Here we scale-up essential features of particle-associated microbial dynamics to understand the large-scale vertical carbon flux in the ocean. Our model provides mechanistic insight into the microbial contribution to the particulate organic carbon flux profile. We show that the enhanced transfer of carbon to depth can result from populations struggling to establish colonies on sinking particles due to diffusive nutrient loss, cell detachment, and mortality. These dynamics are controlled by the interaction between multiple biotic and abiotic factors. Accurately capturing particle-microbe interactions is essential for predicting variability in large-scale carbon cycling.
BAF complex-mediated chromatin relaxation is required for establishment of X chromosome inactivation
Authors: Keniry Andrew , Jansz Natasha , Gearing Linden J. , Wanigasuriya Iromi , Chen Joseph , Nefzger Christian M. , Hickey Peter F. , Gouil Quentin , Liu Joy , Breslin Kelsey A. , Iminitoff Megan , Beck Tamara , Tapia del Fierro Andres , Whitehead Lachlan , Jarratt Andrew , Kinkel Sarah A. , Taberlay Phillippa C. , Willson Tracy , Pakusch Miha , Ritchie Matthew E. , Hilton Douglas J. , Polo Jose M. , Blewitt Marnie E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe process of epigenetic silencing, while fundamentally important, is not yet completely understood. Here we report a replenishable female mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) system, Xmas, that allows rapid assessment of X chromosome inactivation (XCI), the epigenetic silencing mechanism of one of the two X chromosomes that enables dosage compensation in female mammals. Through a targeted genetic screen in differentiating Xmas mESCs, we reveal that the BAF complex is required to create nucleosome-depleted regions at promoters on the inactive X chromosome during the earliest stages of establishment of XCI. Without this action gene silencing fails. Xmas mESCs provide a tractable model for screen-based approaches that enable the discovery of unknown facets of the female-specific process of XCI and epigenetic silencing more broadly.
Phage peptides mediate precision base editing with focused targeting window
Authors: Jia Kun , Cui Yan-ru , Huang Shisheng , Yu Peihong , Lian Zhengxing , Ma Peixiang , Liu Jia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBase editors (BEs) are genome engineering tools that can generate nucleotide substitutions without introducing double-stranded breaks (DSBs). A variety of strategies have been developed to improve the targeting scope and window of BEs. In a previous study, we found that a bacteriophage-derived peptide, referred to as G8PPD, could improve the specificity of Cas9 nuclease. Herein, we investigate the applicability of G8PPD as molecular modulators of BEs. We show that G8PPD can improve cytidine base editor (CBEs) and adenine base editor (ABE) to more focused targeting windows. Notably, in a cell-based disease model, G8PPD increases the percentage of perfectly edited gene alleles by BEs from less than 4% to more than 38% of the whole population. In addition, G8PPD can improve the targeting scope of BE in mouse embryos. In summary, our study presents the peptidyl modulators that can improve BEs for precision base editing.