bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Past exposure determines response of freshwater microalgae to glyphosate-based contamination
Authors: dos Reis Camila Corrêa Lourenço , Guedes Thays de Andrade , Guimarães Pablo Santos , Martins Camila de Martinez Gaspar , Schneck Fabiana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides are the most widely agrochemicals used in the world. This toxic compound reaches aquatic ecosystems and can affect microalgae, which are the basis of the trophic web and the main primary producers in these environments. We tested the sensitivity of two species of green algae (Chlorophyta) to a glyphosate-based herbicide (Roundup Transorb) and the effect of contamination history in population rescue. Strains of Desmodesmus communis and Pseudopediastrum boryanum were tested in isolation and in co-occurrence in a two-step experiment, with three and 10 days each, respectively. In the first step, we exposed populations of the two species to Roundup Transorb at 0, 350, 500, and 1000 μg‧L−1 glyphosate. Next, we transferred aliquots of each treatment to a new media where 20,000 μg‧L−1 of the glyphosate-based herbicide was added. Growth inhibition at the end of Step 1 was dose-dependent regardless of species and whether they were isolated or combined. Rescue after exposure to 20,000 μg‧L−1 of the glyphosate-based herbicide for three and 10 days was more successful for populations previously exposed to intermediate concentrations of 350 and 500 μg‧L−1. We suggest that these concentrations triggered a process that increased algal tolerance to the glyphosate-based herbicide. In addition, neither the species nor the fact that they were isolated or combined influenced glyphosate-based herbicide toxicity, at least for the concentrations tested in this study.
Microplastics in freshwater ecosystems: probabilistic environmental risk assessment and current knowledge in occurrence and ecotoxicological studies
Authors: Morales-Espinoza Leslie L , Gebara Renan Castelhano , Longo Elson , Fracácio Renata 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ecotoxicological studies involving microplastics (MPs) conducted on a laboratory scale may not always accurately mirror real environmental conditions (types, sizes, shapes, and concentrations of MPs). This review primarily focused on examining studies that investigated the prevalence of MPs in freshwater environments and accumulation in organisms worldwide, considering important factors such as morphology, particle size, and the specific polymer types involved. This review also encompassed ecotoxicological studies related to MPs, and ecological risk analyses were carried out based on the obtained ecotoxicological data. Based on the extensive dataset collected, we determined the hazardous concentration for 5% of the tested organisms (HC5) and estimated for the first time a predicted noneffect concentration (PNEC) value for two distinct types of MPs polymers: polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE), based on the species sensitive distribution (SSD) curves obtained from nonobserved concentration (NOEC) values, with 0.003 mg L−1 for PS and 0.011 mg L−1 for PE. Furthermore, another PNEC value for 7 types of MPs (PE, PS, polyvinyl chloride, PA6, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, and ethylene acrylic acid copolymer (EEA copolymer)) was calculated (0.0027 mg L−1 or 2.61 particles L−1). Subsequently, the risk quotient (RQ) was computed utilizing data obtained from the measured environmental concentrations of 18 places. An RQ value of 0.094 was obtained, inferring that MPs have a low-risk potential globally. However, when the RQ values were examined for each country separately, they exhibited significant variability (RQ = 22.06 in Malaysia and 0.000008 in Australia). Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on MP abundance in freshwater environments, the associated ecotoxicological research to reinforce the outcomes derived from the risk analysis, and their accumulation in biota.
Freshwater pollution: cardiotoxicity effect of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and neonicotinoid imidacloprid mixture
Authors: Palazzolo Simone , Natale Sabrina , Capparucci Fabiano , Piro Maria Giovanna , Cuzzocrea Salvatore , Peritore Alessio Filippo , Crupi Rosalia , Britti Domenico 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) is a widely used chemical that accumulates in living things and the environment, especially the aquatic, over time. It is also known as a “forever chemical”. Furthermore, different anthropogenic substances are rarely found individually in the environment. Some of these substances are very toxic to aquatic species, such as imidacloprid (IMI), an insecticide belonging to the neonicotinoid family. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of coexposure of these two contaminants at individual nontoxic concentration. In this study, we first analyzed different nominal concentrations of PFOS (from 0.1 to 10 μM) and IMI (from 75 to 1,000 μM) to highlight the morphological effects at 96 hr postfertilization and subsequently assessed the toxicity of mixture coexposure at both lethal and sublethal levels. Coexposure of PFOS and IMI at two individually nontoxic concentrations resulted in increased toxicity in terms of morphological alterations, accompanied by increased cell death in the pericardium. Molecular investigations confirmed the increased cardiotoxicity accompanied by cell death, showing overexpression of apoptosis-associated genes (caspase 3, bax, and bcl-2.) and a dysregulation of oxidative stress-related genes (cat, sod1, and gstp2). These results suggest that IMI could potentiate PFOS cardiotoxicity on zebrafish embryo development by alteration of antioxidative balance and induced apoptosis.
Genomic and cellular contributions to establish the fish Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus as an Amazonian model for ecotoxicology
Authors: Cardoso Adauto Lima , Moreira Camila do Nascimento , Nascimento Yure Jefferson da Cruz do , Frade Luan Felipe da Silva , Noronha Renata Coelho Rodrigues , Amado Lílian Lund , Martins Cesar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Amazon has environmental characteristics that make it unique, and the species that inhabit it have physiological features that demonstrate their adaptation to an Amazonian context. Amazonian ecosystems have been undergoing transformations that result from inadequate human actions, which have placed biodiversity at the limits of their biological abilities. Therefore, it is essential to identify organisms that reflect the conditions of the Amazon environment, considering the physiology of these species, and that they are established as bioindicators for this region. The fish Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus is distributed throughout the lower and middle Amazon basin. Aiming to contribute to the establishment of this species as a bioindicator, we carried out for the first time its karyotyping, Illumina sequencing and assembly of the nuclear genome and mitogenome, in addition to establishing a cell line for this species. Individuals of H. heterorhabdus have 48 chromosomes, a number that is held in the cell line. Sequencing and genomic assembly generated a draft genome that is useful for recovering species-specific coding and regulatory genomic sequences. The established cell line was responsive to environmental variables, reflecting in vivo observations. Thus, it was possible to present a set of resources (standard karyotype, centromeric marker, draft genome, mitogenome, and cell line) and their applications and relevance in ecotoxicology. The toolkit should contribute to further studies on the response of organisms to the natural conditions of the Amazon and the impacts that this region has been receiving.
Diet and methyl mercury contamination of nestling red-winged blackbirds
Authors: Thalhuber Thomas J , Chumchal Matthew M , Drenner Ray W , Nowlin Weston H , Williams Dean A , Barst Benjamin D , Kennedy James H , Mitchell William A , Self Misty , Willoughby F Manton , Zudock Will 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Methyl mercury (MeHg) is a widespread environmental contaminant that can have adverse effects on the health of vertebrate wildlife. This study focused on diets and MeHg contamination of nestling red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) from a wetland in north Texas, USA. In previous research at the study site, a risk assessment model suggested that if emergent aquatic insects (i.e., odonates) were the dominant prey item in nestling diets, the health of nestling red-winged blackbirds could be negatively affected. The purpose of this study was to follow up on an earlier risk assessment and determine whether nestling red-winged blackbirds were accumulating elevated concentrations of MeHg at our study site. We had four objectives: (1) estimate the proportion of emergent aquatic insects, spiders, and terrestrial insects in diets of nestling red-winged blackbirds using a stable isotope-based dietary mixing model; (2) assess the concentrations of MeHg in emergent aquatic insects, spiders, and terrestrial insects; (3) assess the concentrations of MeHg in blood of nestling red-winged blackbirds; and (4) determine whether nestling red-winged blackbirds had MeHg concentrations that were high enough to pose a health risk. We found that nestling red-winged blackbirds had a diet dominated by terrestrial insect prey with low concentrations of MeHg and that the nestlings had low concentrations of MeHg in their blood, well below hazardous levels. The results of the study suggest that caution must be used when interpreting risk assessment models for nestling red-winged blackbirds. Because their diets can consist of varying proportions of emergent aquatic insects, spiders, and terrestrial insects, risk assessments based on estimates of diet from the literature that suggest nestlings could be at risk from Hg contamination should be followed up with studies to assess diet and/or the actual level of contamination of nestlings.
Distribution of environmental microplastics in different tissues of indigenous freshwater bivalves (Unio spp.): a case study from the Sejenane River in Northern Tunisia
Authors: Belgacem Rihab , Zitouni Nesrine , Khazri Abdelhafidh , Abidi Oumaima , Alzwawy Ateeqah Ghayth , Béjaoui Mustapha , Bouleefah Fouzi , Banni Mohamed , Mahmoudi Ezzeddine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is a worldwide concern and represents an ecological threat to the aquatic environment, particularly freshwater ecosystems. It can pose risks to the health of organisms and potentially lead to bioaccumulation of these tiny particles in the food chain. This study focused in MP determination on three species of freshwater mussels (Unio gibbus, Unio ravoisieri, and Unio dureui) as potential models for ecological assessment in the Sejenane stream in Northern Tunisia. To achieve this, we assessed ingested microplastics in the gills and digestive gland tissues of these mussels. Raman microspectroscopy was used to examine and identify microparticles with size ranges under 5,000 μm. Our results indicated that the microparticles are categorized into three sequential size ranges: S1 (&lt; .45–1.2 μm), S2 (&lt; 1.2–3 μm), and S3 (≥ 3 μm). Over 50% of the S1 class was found in Unio gibbus. Our findings showed a higher occurrence of the S3 size class of microplastics (≥ 3 µm) in the gills of all studied mussels. More than 60% of the S3 class was identified in Unio durieui, followed by S2 (&lt; 3–1.2 µm) and S1 (&lt; 1.2–.45 µm). Polyethylene-vinyl acetate, polypropylene, low-density polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, high-density polyethylene, and polyethylene are the six different types of polymers that were found. Polyethylene terephthalate emerged as the dominant polymer type in Unio dureui, accounting for up to 59% of the gills and 55% of the digestive gland. Overall, it seems that freshwater mussels are capable of accumulating microplastics from environmental contamination. However, further studies in diverse freshwater ecosystems are necessary to validate the findings of this study.
Rapid screening of shellfish tainting from oil spills using an antibody-based biosensor
Authors: Prossner Kristen M , Redman Aaron D , Prosser Christopher M , Parkerton Thomas F , Unger Michael A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Tainting of shellfish by polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) following an oil spill poses possible health risks as well as socioeconomic impacts. Traditional screening approaches for evaluating PAH contamination have limitations that can prevent timely, objective spill response decisions. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between PAH concentrations measured in the oyster, Crassostrea virginica, interstitial fluid using a rapid antibody-based biosensor method, with PAH concentrations in oyster tissues determined using conventional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. To accomplish this objective, bioconcentration tests were performed to simulate oil spill exposures using a crude and heavy fuel oil containing different PAH compositions. This design allowed both the PAH concentration and composition in water and, subsequently, accumulated by oysters to be varied over time. Oysters sampled during uptake and depuration phases were analyzed using biosensor and conventional analysis methods to generate comparative data. Results indicated that biosensor measurements of oysters captured the kinetics of PAH accumulation during uptake and depuration phases. Further, significant positive correlations were observed between biosensor interstitial fluid and lipid-normalized PAH tissue concentrations. However, quantitative predictions appear to be modulated by the contamination source and target analyte list for tissue analysis. Thus, the biosensor can be applied for rapidly evaluating relative PAH contamination between biota samples and offers a promising new analytical tool for oil spill monitoring and fisheries management contexts. A generic model was also developed from study and literature data to predict PAH half-lives from bivalve tissues. These predictions can help inform field monitoring of shellfish and estimate recovery times required to achieve pre-spill conditions.
Ecotoxicology dilemmas: issues with dose, causality, response, mixtures, and modifying factors
Authors: McCarty Lynn S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ecotoxicology has model assumptions that are the basis of the discipline’s scientific validity and regulatory utility. Using testing data to advance knowledge and practical applications is contingent on assumption validation of underlying models, an uncommon practice. Fundamental components—dose, causality, response—are confounded, as test metrics are each accumulations of a multiplicity of factors. Consequently, ecotoxicology test interpretation of both legacy and new approach methodologies is plagued by unaddressed issues related to interactions of within and between dose, causation, response, and modifying factors—each component is effectively a mixture—such that established relationships are more correlative than causal. Limited knowledge about the multiplicity of modifying factors influencing dose, causality, and response at each level of biological organization and the challenge of establishing dose metrics in upper ecological levels, where the paradigm is stressor-causality-response, further confounds the formidable task of in vitro to in vivo, laboratory-to-field, and toxicity-to-ecology translation. Although available aquatic ecotoxicity data and information have been successfully fitted to explanatory frameworks in past and present regulatory policies, environmental protection successes are more attributable to good policy than to scientific knowledge. Unresolved issues in the simple model frameworks and regulatory policies that initially advanced environmental protection are now impeding development of newer policies and procedures due to inadequate consideration of basic model assumptions. Resolution of the problem will begin when the problem definition of the tasks is refined to reflect the reality of the challenge. This is a necessary step towards achieving the objective of advancing the efficiency, effectiveness, and sophistication of environmental effects assessment and management in regulatory ecotoxicology.
Comparison of environmental radioactivity in road dust between a city and a megacity: geo-environmental evaluation, health risks, and potential remediation
Authors: Khan Rahat , Akhi Sayma Zahan , Khan Md Harunor Rashid , Sultana Sadiya , Aldawood Saad , Basir Md Samium , Parvez Md Shohel , Naher Kamrun , Habib Md Ahosan , Idris Abubakr M , Roy Dhiman Kumer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This pioneering study represents a comprehensive comparative analysis of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs: 226Ra (≈238U),232Th, 40K) on the roadside dust samples collected from a coastal city (Khulna) and a highly urban megacity (Dhaka), Bangladesh. The corresponding radioactivity was calculated based on Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis of elemental abundances (uranium [U], thorium [Th], and potassium [K]). Averagen=30 radioactivity levels of 226Ra (≈238U), 232Th, and 40K in the road dust of Khulna city were 46.82 ± 24, 74.79 ± 25, and 541.14 ± 160.8, whereas in Dhaka city, they were 84.4 ± 13, 126 ± 11, and 549 ± 48 (Bq.kg−1), respectively. Khulna city had 1.3, 2.5, and 1.4 times greater 226Ra (≈238U), 232Th, and 40K radioactivity than the global average values, respectively. For Dhaka city, the following values were 2.42, 4.2, and 1.4 times elevated. The levels of radioactivity in Dhaka city are significantly higher than those in Khulna city; however, both cities have exceeded the world average values. The mechanisms for the enrichment and dispersion of NORMs from their fundamental source (surface soil) were studied, considering waterlogging, relative solubility-controlled leaching and translocation, climate conditions, and aerodynamic fractionations (dry and wet air deposition). The computation of standard radiological indices indicates risks to human health. Respiratory harm can be inflicted by α-particles originating from the radioactive decay products of 232Th and 238U. In addition to public awareness, policymakers should prioritize limiting the evolution of dust particles to mitigate the associated health risks.
Enantioselective ecotoxicity of promethazine in two freshwater organisms: daphnia (Daphnia magna) and zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Coelho Maria Miguel , Ribeiro Ondina , Carvalho Ana Rita , Pérez-Pereira Ariana , Ribeiro Cláudia , Fernandes Carla , Remião Fernando , Carrola João Soares , Tiritan Maria Elizabeth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chiral pharmaceuticals, racemic or enantiomerically pure forms and their metabolites, can reach aquatic ecosystems via wastewater effluents (inefficient treatment operations) or by direct human disposal. They may negatively affect nontarget organisms even at low environmental concentrations. To make an accurate risk evaluation, the (eco)toxicity of both enantiomers needs to be assessed. Promethazine (PMZ) is a chiral antihistamine that has been detected in aquatic ecosystems owing to its high consumption. Promethazine undergoes metabolism in the liver, producing chiral metabolites such as promethazine sulfoxide (PMZSO) and N-desmethylpromethazine (DMPMZ) that reach water bodies. However, knowledge regarding the enantioselective toxicity of PMZ and its metabolites on aquatic organisms is missing. This study aimed to explore the potential enantioselective toxicity of PMZ and its metabolites on two relevant freshwater organisms, daphniid and fish, representing different trophic levels. The half maximal effect concentrations (EC50s) in Daphnia magna of PMZ, DMPMZ, and PMZSO were 2.33, 2.31, &gt; 4 mg L−1, respectively, &gt; 4 and 2.50 mg L−1 for (R) and (S)-PMZ, respectively, and &gt; 4 mg L−1 for the enantiomers of DMPMZ and PMZSO. In studies involving zebrafish, Danio rerio, (R, S)-PMZ showed a median lethal concentration (LC50) of .72 mg L−1, and specific assays revealed that (R)-PMZ exhibited more pronounced adverse effects on larvae at the embryonic, morphological, and biochemical level than the racemate and (S)-PMZ. Toxicity and potential bioaccumulation of these compounds in daphniids and fish were also conducted using in silico tests through proprietary software. The results revealed a concordance between the experimental and predicted EC50 and LC50 values in both species.
Quantifying sources of variability in fish bioaccumulation factor estimates for perfluoro-n-octane sulfonic acid: study design effects and implications for water quality criteria
Authors: Flinders Camille , Barnhart Brad , Ragsdale Renee 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Numeric water quality criteria development approaches for the protection of aquatic life and human health incorporate bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) as key exposure pathways. These are typically derived from field-collected tissue and ambient water concentration data, and are often highly variable within and across species. Existing guidance for conducting BAF field studies is necessarily general to accommodate research objectives, ecosystem characteristics, and the chemicals and species of interest. However, the direction on evaluating study quality and understanding of the relative influence of study design components on BAFs is limited. We used a large, publicly available dataset of perfluoro-n-octane sulfonic acid (PFOS) concentrations in water and fish tissue to (1) evaluate overall patterns and drivers of water and fish tissue PFOS concentrations and derived BAFs, and (2) quantify how biological, environmental, and study design factors regarding water and tissue samples affect derived BAFs. PFOS tissue concentrations and BAFs differed significantly with species and, although variable, there was a significant positive relationship between PFOS water and fish tissue concentrations. Using biological, environmental, and study design variables, boosted regression tree analyses showed that spatial proximity between water and fish tissue sampling locations was the primary driver of BAF variability owing to large differences in water concentrations across hydraulically connected sites. Other variables, including temporal proximity between samples and biological and environmental factors, were less influential relative to spatial proximity. Our findings demonstrate that BAF study design decisions can have significant implications for key water quality criteria derivation components and highlight the need for sampling regimes that accurately characterize exposure to improve the quality of BAFs used in risk assessment and the development of regulatory standards.