bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and clinical presentation of adenoid hypertrophy among children attending at pediatric outpatient department of a tertiary care general hospital of Dhaka
Authors: Halder Amrita Lal , Biswas Sudhangshu Shekhar 
Published: May 2022

Background: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and it consequences are common in the entire childhood period. This study was aimed to estimate the prevalence, to enumerate the presence of risk factors and pattern of presentations of AH among children attending at pediatric outpatient department.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the general pediatric outpatient department (OPD) of BIRDEM General Hospital-2 (Women and Children), Dhaka from January 2017 to December 2020. All the children aged 1-18 years attending the OPD who had known risk factors or sign-symptoms of AH were underwent a lateral nasopharyngeal x-ray to confirm the presence of enlarged adenoid. Those children who had enlarged adenoid were analyzed in this study.
Results: A total of 20234 children attended the general pediatric OPD during the study period, of them, 463 had evidences of enlarged adenoid on lateral nasopharyngeal x-ray, giving a prevalence of 2.3%. The mean age of presentation was 100.6±58 months. Among the AH cases 86% had allergic sensitivity to house dust, 60% had allergic rhinitis, 55.5% had history of recurrent tonsillitis and 55.3% children were exposed to cigarette smoke especially at home. Most common presentation of AH was mouth breathing especially during sleep time (90.5%). Other common presenting features were nasal obstruction (83.6%), nasal discharge (73%), drooling of saliva (72.4%), daytime somnolence (65.2%) and snoring during sleep (61.8%). According to our study AH may be asymptomatic in 5% cases. However, it may be presented with complications such as OSA (obstructive sleep apnea) (26.6%), adenoid facies (13.8%) and otitis media with effusion with or without hearing impairment (12.5%). Eighty two (17.7%) need referral to ENT OPD for adenoidectomy. Most common indication for adenoidectomy was obstructive sleep apnea (41.5%).
Conclusion: Prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy among children attending at pediatric outpatient department was 2.3%, of them 17.7% had indication for adenoidectomy. Allergic sensitivity to house dust was the most common risk factors. Most common two clinical presentations were mouth breathing and nasal obstruction and most common complication was obstructive sleep apnea.
BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(2): 111-116
Risk factors for diabetic nephropathy among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients with normal blood pressure
Authors: Zaman Shahana , Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Habib Samira Humaira 
Published: May 2022

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pass through pre-diabetic stages and during diagnosis, half of them may have different complications including diabetic nephropathy. Hypertension has adverse impacts on diabetic nephropathy. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors for diabetic nephropathy among newly detected T2DM patients with normal blood pressure.
Methods: A case-control study was done at a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2018 to June 2019. Newly detected (<3 months), adult ( ³18 years), T2DM patients, who underwent tests for urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), at least twice, 6-weeks apart, were included in this study. Patients with hypertension, known kidney disease, features of glomerulonephritis, systemic diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus and vasculitis, history of recent fever and exercise, urinary tract infection and pregnancy were excluded. Patients with UACR ³30 mg/g in at least two samples were cases and those with UACR <30 mg/g were controls.
Results: Among the total 135 patients, 27 were cases [moderately increased proteinuria (previously, microalbuminuria) (UACR 30–299 mg/g) = 25 and severely increased proteinuria (previously, overt proteinuria) (UACR ³300 mg/g) = 2] and 108 were controls. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that family history of diabetes (OR=2.13; 95% CI, 1.412 to 4.216, p=0.003) and diabetic nephropathy (OR=3.31; 95% CI, 2.145 to 5.249, p=0.001), smoking (OR=3.11; 95% CI, 2.234 to 4.123, p=0.003), dyslipidaemia (OR=2.14; 95% CI, 1.363 to 3.324, p=0.005) and diabetic retinopathy (OR=6.23; 95% CI, 4.197 to 9.464, p=0.004) were significant risk factors.
Conclusion: We concluded that, family history of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy, smoking, dyslipidaemia and diabetic retinopathy appeared as significant risk factors for diabetic nephropathy among newly diagnosed T2DM patients with normal blood pressure.
BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(2): 152-157
Penyuluhan Kesehatan Bagi Masyarakat Dan Pelatihan Sport Massage Untuk Meningkatkan Imunitas Tubuh Dalam Upaya Tanggap Covid 19 Di Kenagarian Lasi Kecamatan Candung
Authors: Liza Liza , Asman Aulia , Dinata Windo Wiria 
Published: May 2022

Pengabdian penyuluhan kesehatan dan pelatihan sport massage bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan dan keterampilan untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh dalam tanggap Covid-19 dalam upaya pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19. Di samping itu masyarakat dapat menumbuhkan kesadaran dan kepedulian terhadap tanggap Covid-19 dan pemuda/i serta masyarakat dapat menjadi tenaga masase agar dapat membantu meningkatkan imunitas tubuh anggota masyarakat pada umumnya dan keluarga khususnya. Mitra dalam pengabdian ini adalah masyarakat dan pemuda/i di Kenagarian Lasi Kecamatan Candung. Metode pendekatan yang ditawarkan dalam pemecahan permasalahan adalah diskusi langsung dengan masyarakat, merancang dan mempersiapkan alat dan bahan yang dibutuhkan, melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan dan pelatihan sport massage. Teknik dalam pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan angket tentang pengetahuan kesehatan, pengetahuan dan keterampilan sport massage. Hasil pengabdian didapatkan bahwa: 1) meningkatnya pengetahuan tentang penyuluhan kesehatan; 2) meningkatnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang sport massage. Melalui pengabdian ini didapat bahwa melalui penyuluhan kesehatan dan pelatihan sport massage dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keteranpilan dalam upaya meningkatkan imunitas tubuh dalam rangka tanggap Covid 19.
Pelatihan Senam Sehat Untuk Menjaga Kesehatan Lansia Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Desa Sidodadi
Authors: Nopiyanto Yahya Eko , Yarmani Yarmani , Pradita Indra Agung , Sulastri Sulastri , Bujang Jeki Sandra 
Published: May 2022

Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra adalah menurunnya kegiatan aktivitas kesehatan pada lansia selama masa pandemi covid-19 di desa Sidodadi, kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah. Berdasarkan problematika yang ada, maka maksud daripada kegiatan senam sehat adalah untuk menjaga kesehatan pada lansia selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Kegiatan ini dihadiri oleh 30 lansia dengan usia 60-70 tahun. Metode dalam pelaksanaan ini yaitu: melakukan wawancara pada pengurus posyandu lansia untuk mendapat data serta informasi tentang keadaan lansia semasa pandemi Covid-19, melakukan pengecekkan tekanan darah atau denyut nadi kepada lansia, menyusun rancangan pengabdian, melaksanakan pendampingan kepada para lansia. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan dapat diketahui bahwa pelatihan senam sehat mampu menjaga kesehatan lansia pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Desa Sidodadi.
Sosialisasi Tes dan Pengukuran Kebugaran Jasmani Berbasis Laboratorium Pada Guru Pendidikan Jasmani di Kota Palembang
Authors: Yusfi Herri 
Published: May 2022

Mitra Pengabdian adalah MGMP tingkat SMP Kota Palembang. Metode yang dilaksanakan menggunakan metode pendekatan ceramah dan demonstrasi kegiatan. Berdasarkan potensi masing-masing pihak terkait dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini, maka bentuk pendampingan dan kerjasama ini diharapkan akan menghadirkan sinergisme yang amat strategis dan positif antara lembaga perguruan tinggi dengan guru-guru penjasorkes yang akan mendapatkan pelatihan dari tenaga edukatif terlatih profesional perguruan tinggi untuk meningkatkan kompetensinya dalam penulisan artikel ilmiah sekolah dan wahana strategis untuk menyebarluaskan ilmu pengetahuan pendidikan dengan sasaran dan jangkauan yang lebih luas yaitu guru-guru penjaskes di kota Palembang. Rancangan dan evaluasi dibuat untuk dilaksanakan selama proses maupun akhir dari suatu proses. Rancangan kegiatan dibuat sebagai gambaran skenario yang akan dilaksanakan mulai dari temuan suatu permasalahan sampai dengan akhir suatu kegiatan, sedangkan evaluasi adalah suatu rencana penilaian terhadap aspek pelatihan seperti evaluasi proses dan evaluasi hasil. Evaluasi proses meliputi pencapaian tujuan pelatihan yang dilakukan dengan angket tanya jawab dan observasi, sedangkan evaluasi aspek penyelenggaraan pelatihan meliputi pemberian angket untuk melihat indikator keberhasilan dalam pelaksanaan pelatihan pemahaman pelaksanaan TKJI Penjaskes di kota Palembang melalui evaluasi selama proses pelatihan, dan evaluasi pascapelatihan.
Penerapan Metode Promethee II Pada Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman Kopi (Studi Kasus : Kopi Robusta)
Authors: Efendi Rusdi , Andreswari Desi , Faizah Nur 
Published: May 2022

Terdapat banyak tanaman pangan yang dikembangkan dan di budidayakan di Indonesia, salah satunya yaitu tanaman kopi. Provinsi Bengkulu merupakan sebuah provinsi yang menempati urutan kelima untuk produksi kopi terbesar di Indonesia. Terdapat permasalahan yang ditemukan pada industri kopi yaitu produktivitas dan kualitas hasil komoditi perkebunan rakyat masih cukup rendah. Salah satu faktor penyebabnya antara akibat serangan organisme pengganggu tumbuhan (OPT) yaitu hama dan penyakit tanaman kopi. Pada penelitian ini, dibangun sebuah aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan yang digunakan untuk menentukan hama dan penyakit pada tanaman kopi sesuai dengan gejala-gejala serangan hama dan penyakit yang dialami oleh tanaman tersebut dengan menggunakan metode PROMETHEE II. Hasil dari perangkingan pada sistem pendukung keputusan ini di pengaruhi oleh pemilihan gejala penyakit yang dimasukkan ke dalam sistem.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Untuk Menentukan Siswa Berprestasi Menggunakan Metode Analytical Network Process (ANP) Berbasis Web (Studi Kasus SMA Negeri 1 Bengkulu Utara)
Authors: Baskoro Muhammad Iqbal , Andreswari Desi , Johar Asahar 
Published: May 2022

Dalam bidang pendidikan, bantuan siswa berprestasi merupakan bantuan biaya pendidikan yang berfokus kepada mereka yang memiliki prestasi dalam belajar. SMA Negeri 1 Bengkulu Utara adalah salah satu sekolah yang memberikan beasiswa untuk siswa-siswa yang berprestasi. Setiap tahunnya SMA Negeri 1 Bengkulu Utara memilih sekitar 10 siswa yang berprestasi. Dalam proses penentuan siswa berprestasi ada beberapa kriteria yang ditentukan oleh pihak sekolah seperti nilai raport, prestasi akademik/non akademik, kepribadian siswa, kegiatan ekstra kurikuler, dan absensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah terbangunnya suatu sistem pendukung keputusan untuk menentukan siswa berprestasi menggunakan metode Analytical Network Process sehingga dapat membantu dalam menentukan siswa yang mendapatkan beasiswa siswa berprestasi. Metode pengembangan sistem pendukung keputusan untuk menentukan siswa berprestasi metode analytic network process ini adalah adalah metode air terjun (waterfall). Model air terjun menyediakan pendekatan alur hidup perangkat lunak secara sekuensial atau terurut dimulai dari analisis, desain, pengkodean, pengujian, dan tahap pendukung (support). Hasil penelitian dari 54 data siswa untuk menentukan siswa berprestasi dengan metode ANP berdasarkan 5 kriteria yaitu : nilai raport, sertifikat/piagam, nilai kepribadian, ekstrakurikuler siswa, dan absensi. Hasil perhitungan ANP mendapatkan 10 siswa yang berhak mendapatkan beasiswa siswa berprestasi di setiap angkatannya. Hasil pengujian menggunakan metode blackbox, fungsional sistem telah 100% berhasil bergungsi dengan baik. Kata kunci: SPK, ANP, Penentuan siswa berprestasi, blackbox, web
Analisis Dan Perancangan Jaringan Komputer Berbasis Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) Menggunakan Router Mikrotik (Studi Kasus SMAN 9 Kaur)
Authors: Nando Rio , Erlansari Aan , Coastera Funny Farady 
Published: May 2022

Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) Merupakan salah satu dari penyelenggara pendidikan berbasis umum. SMAN 9 Kaur merupakan sekolah menengah atas yang masih termasuk sekolah baru di kabupaten kaur. Pada saat ini di SMAN 9 Kaur belum memiliki koneksi internet, oleh karena itu kepala sekolah SMAN 9 Kaur berencana untuk menyediakan fasilitas internet untuk menunjang kelancaran administrasi dan proses belajar mengajar di sekolah tersebut sekolah tersebut membutuhkan rancangan jaringan komputer. VLAN merupakan suatu model jaringan yang tidak terbatas pada lokasi fisik seperti LAN, hal ini mengakibatkan suatu network dapat dikonfigurasi secara virtual tanpa harus menuruti lokasi fisik peralatan. Penggunaan VLAN akan membuat pengaturan jaringan menjadi sangat fleksibel dimana dapat dibuat segmen yang bergantung pada organisasi atau departemen, tanpa bergantung pada lokasi workstation. Mikrotik merupakan sebuah perusahaan pembuatan perangkat keras dengan merek RouterBoard, RouterBoard terus mengembangkan desain baru dengan menggunakan sistem operasi RouterOS.Kata kunci: Mikrotik RouterBoard, VLAN, workstation, RouterOS
Pembuatan Video Animasi 3D Kantor Gubernur Provinsi Bengkulu
Authors: Syahputra Rahman Batdrian , Deslianti Dwita 
Published: May 2022

Peranan media informasi digital melalui media 3D Kantor Gubernur Provinsi Bengkulu memberi kontribusi kemudahan pada Masyarakat untuk mendapat informasi Tentang tataletak gedung dan ruang yang ada di kantor Gubernur. Tujuan penelitian membuat rancang bangun video animasi 3D sebagai media Informasi Pada Kantor Gubernur Provinsi Bengkulu. Metode Penelitian melalui model pengembangan sistem multimedia menggunakan Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) Luther Sutopo. Penelitian dilaksanakan sebagai media Informasi melalui rancang Bangun Video animasi 3D dengan menggunakan aplikasi sketchup dan lumion. Hasil, video rancang bangun video 3 dimensi berhasil dibuat dengan menggunakan aplikasi sketchup dan lumion. Simpulan rancang bangun Video animasi 3D sangat Layak dijadikan media Informasi Kantor Gubernur Provinsi Bengkulu.Kata Kunci: Animasi 3D, Kantor Gubernur Provinsi Bengkulu, Media Informasi, Sketchup dan Lumion
SISTEM PENCAHAYAAN DENGAN FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER
Authors: Basuki Arif , Kadiman Sugiarto , Ismail Rizki 
Published: May 2022

Sistem pencahayaan ruangan kekinian selalu mengaitkan dengan isu lingkungan untuk pengurangan konsumsi energi primer. Sistem hibrida pencahayaan buatan dan alami dari matahari dapat menjadi solusi penghematan energi pada bangunan. Permasalahan yang terjadi dalam sistem hibrida adalah sangat bergantung pada kondisi cuaca dan interferensi cahaya berdasarkan konstruksi bangunan (terisolasi atau tidak). Penelitian ini menggunakan Fuzzy Logic Controller untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Fuzzy Logic Controller yang mendapat masukan tingkat intensitas cahaya dari dalam dan luar ruangan, digunakan untuk mengatur intensitas cahaya buatan melalui dimming lampu dan cahaya alami melalui bukaan jendela. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan sistem hibrida, pencahayaan buatan dapat dikurangi hingga setengah dari kondisi maksimal, tetapi dengan margin error yang berbeda–beda tergantung pada tingkat interferensi cahaya yang didapat. Nilai-nilai intensitas cahaya buatan dan alami dapat dimonitor secara real-time melalui Internet of Things (IoT).
Kata kunci: Sistem pencahayaan kekinian, sistem hibrida buatan dan alami, Fuzzy Logic Controller, IoT monitoring
Reconciling Allergy Information in the Electronic Health Record After a Drug Challenge Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Lo Ying-Chih , Varghese Sheril , Blackley Suzanne , Seger Diane L. , Blumenthal Kimberly G. , Goss Foster R. , Zhou Li 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundDrug challenge tests serve to evaluate whether a patient is allergic to a medication. However, the allergy list in the electronic health record (EHR) is not consistently updated to reflect the results of the challenge, affecting clinicians' prescription decisions and contributing to inaccurate allergy labels, inappropriate drug-allergy alerts, and potentially ineffective, more toxic, and/or costly care. In this study, we used natural language processing (NLP) to automatically detect discrepancies between the EHR allergy list and drug challenge test results and to inform the clinical recommendations provided in a real-time allergy reconciliation module.MethodsThis study included patients who received drug challenge tests at the Mass General Brigham (MGB) Healthcare System between June 9, 2015 and January 5, 2022. At MGB, drug challenge tests are performed in allergy/immunology encounters with routine clinical documentation in notes and flowsheets. We developed a rule-based NLP tool to analyze and interpret the challenge test results. We compared these results against EHR allergy lists to detect potential discrepancies in allergy documentation and form a recommendation for reconciliation if a discrepancy was identified. To evaluate the capability of our tool in identifying discrepancies, we calculated the percentage of challenge test results that were not updated and the precision of the NLP algorithm for 200 randomly sampled encounters.ResultsAmong 200 samples from 5,312 drug challenge tests, 59% challenged penicillin reactivity and 99% were negative. 42.0%, 61.5%, and 76.0% of the results were confirmed by flowsheets, NLP, or both, respectively. The precision of the NLP algorithm was 96.1%. Seven percent of patient allergy lists were not updated based on drug challenge test results. Flowsheets alone were used to identify 2.0% of these discrepancies, and NLP alone detected 5.0% of these discrepancies. Because challenge test results can be recorded in both flowsheets and clinical notes, the combined use of NLP and flowsheets can reliably detect 5.5% of discrepancies.ConclusionThis NLP-based tool may be able to advance global delabeling efforts and the effectiveness of drug allergy assessments. In the real-time EHR environment, it can be used to examine patient allergy lists and identify drug allergy label discrepancies, mitigating patient risks.
m7G Methylation-Related Genes as Biomarkers for Predicting Overall Survival Outcomes for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Xin-Yu , Zhao Zhi-Jie , Wang Jing-Bing , Shao Yu-Hao , Hui-Liu  , You Jian-Xiong , Yang Xi-Tao 
Published: May 2022

Aim: The search for prognostic biomarkers and the construction of a prognostic risk model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on N7-methyladenosine (m7G) methylation regulators.Methods: HCC transcriptomic data and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, respectively. m7G methylation regulators were extracted, differential expression analysis was performed using the R software “limma” package, and one-way Cox regression analysis was used to screen for prognostic associations of m7G regulators. Using multi-factor Cox regression analysis, a prognostic risk model for HCC was constructed. Each patient’s risk score was calculated using the model, and patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups according to the median risk score. Cox regression analysis was used to verify the validity of the model in the prognostic assessment of HCC in conjunction with clinicopathological characteristics.Results: The prognostic model was built using the seven genes, namely, CYFIP1, EIF4E2, EIF4G3, GEMIN5, NCBP2, NUDT10, and WDR4. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed poorer 5-years overall survival in the high-risk group compared with the low-risk group, and the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve suggested good model prediction (area under the curve AUC = 0.775, 0.820, and 0.839 at 1, 3, and 5 years). The Cox regression analysis included model risk scores and clinicopathological characteristics, and the results showed that a high-risk score was the only independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with HCC.Conclusions: The developed bioinformatics-based prognostic risk model for HCC was found to have good predictive power.
Modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction Ameliorates Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome With Insulin Resistance by Regulating Intestinal Microbiota
Authors: Zhao Hongyu , Chen Rufeng , Zheng Dongxue , Xiong Feng , Jia Fan , Liu Jinyuan , Zhang Lili , Zhang Nana , Zhu Shiqin , Liu Yongmei , Zhao Linhua , Liu Xinmin 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo analyze the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota of polycystic ovarian syndrome with insulin resistance (PCOS-IR) and explore the possible mechanism of modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction in the treatment of PCOS-IR.MethodsA total of 17 specific pathogen-free (SPF) female Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats, aged 21 days, were selected and randomly divided into the control group (group Z, n = 6), model group (group M, n = 6), and treatment group (group A, n = 5). Letrozole combined with a high-fat diet was used to induce the PCOS-IR model. Rats in group A were treated with modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction for 2 weeks after the end of modeling; then the characteristics of reproductive, metabolic, inflammatory, and intestinal microbiota were compared among three groups.ResultsThe PCOS-IR model had an imbalance of intestinal microbiota, and the enriched microbiota was mainly class Coriobacteria, order Clostridiales, and genus Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1. Modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction can regulate the disorder of intestinal microbiota diversity, significantly increase the abundance of phyla Verrucomicrobiota Proteobacteria and genera Akkermansia and Blautia, and decrease the abundance of genus Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1.ConclusionGenus Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 might be the pivotal pathogenic bacteria of PCOS-IR. Modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction may ameliorate PCOS-IR by regulating intestinal microbiota imbalance and improving metabolic disorders.
Creatine Kinase and Mortality in Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Wu Xianfeng , Zhou Lei , Zhan Xiaojiang , Wen Yueqiang , Wang Xiaoyang , Feng Xiaoran , Wang Niansong , Peng Fenfen , Wu Junnan 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe association between serum creatine kinase and mortality in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) remained unknown.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data on 3,446 incident patients with from five PD centers in China between 1 January 2005 and 31 May 2020. Creatine kinase was collected 1 week before the start of PD. We examined the association between creatine kinase and mortality using Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsThe median creatine kinase was 113 (range, 1.22–4,574) IU/L. With a median follow-up of 39.5 (range, 3.1–181.5) months, 763 (22.1%) all-cause deaths occurred, including 384 (11.1%) cardiovascular deaths. As compared with a creatine kinase of 111–179 IU/L (reference range), a higher creatine kinase (&gt;179 IU/L) was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality [hazards ratio (HR), 1.72; 95% CI, 1.35–2.00; E-value = 2.83] and cardiovascular mortality (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.05–1.98; E-value = 2.24). As compared with the reference range, a lower creatine kinase (&lt;111 IU/L) was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.12–1.76; E-value = 2.15) and cardiovascular mortality (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.08–1.94; E-value = 2.26). Interaction between creatine kinase and no hyperlipidemia (p = 0.034 for interaction) was observed.ConclusionA creatine kinase before the start of PD between 111 and 179 IU/L was associated with a lower risk of death than a higher or lower creatine kinase, resulting in a U-shaped association curve.