bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dyadic Interdependence in Non-spousal Caregiving Dyads’ Wellbeing: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ferraris Giulia , Dang Srishti , Woodford Joanne , Hagedoorn Mariët 
Published: April 2022

Caregiving dyads (i.e., an informal caregiver and a care recipient) work as an interdependent emotional system, whereby it is assumed that what happens to one member of the dyad essentially happens to the other. For example, both members of the dyad are involved in care giving and care receiving experiences and therefore major life events, such as a serious illness affect the dyad and not only the individual. Consequently, informal caregiving may be considered an example of dyadic interdependence, which is “the process by which interacting people influence one another’s experience.” This systematic review aimed to synthesize studies of dyadic interdependence, specifically in non-spousal caregiving dyads (e.g., adult children—parents, siblings, other relatives, or friends). Electronic databases (PsycINFO, Pubmed, and CINAHL) were systematically searched for dyadic studies reporting on interdependence in the emotional and relational wellbeing of non-spousal caregiving dyads. A total of 239 full-text studies were reviewed, of which 14 quantitative and qualitative studies met the inclusion criteria with a majority of dyads consisting of adult daughters caring for their older mothers. A narrative synthesis suggested mutual influences between non-spousal caregiving dyad members based on: (1) associations between intrapersonal (e.g., psychological functioning) and interpersonal (e.g., relationship processes) variables and emotional and relational wellbeing of the dyad; (2) associations between care context variables (e.g., socio-demographics and care tasks) and emotional and relational wellbeing of the dyad; and (3) patterns of covariation between caregivers’ and care recipients’ wellbeing. Evidence supporting dyadic interdependence among non-spousal caregiving dyads shed light on the ways dyad members influence each other’s wellbeing while providing and receiving care (e.g., via the exchange of support). Future studies investigating mutual influences in dyads, should differentiate subsamples of caregivers based on relationship type, and adopt dyadic and longitudinal designs.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails], identifier [CRD42021213147].
Why Mental Illness Diagnoses Are Wrong: A Pilot Study on the Perspectives of the Public
Authors: Chao Yi-Sheng , Wu Chao-Jung , Lai Yi-Chun , Hsu Hui-Ting , Cheng Yen-Po , Wu Hsing-Chien , Huang Shih-Yu , Chen Wei-Chih 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundMental illness diagnostic criteria are made based on assumptions. This pilot study aims to assess the public’s perspectives on mental illness diagnoses and these assumptions.MethodsAn anonymous survey with 30 questions was made available online in 2021. Participants were recruited via social media, and no personal information was collected. Ten questions focused on participants’ perceptions regarding mental illness diagnoses, and 20 questions related to the assumptions of mental illness diagnoses. The participants’ perspectives on these assumptions held by professionals were assessed.ResultsAmong 14 survey participants, 4 correctly answered the relationships of 6 symptom pairs (28.57%). Two participants could not correctly conduct the calculations involved in mood disorder diagnoses (14.29%). Eleven (78.57%) correctly indicated that 2 or more sets of criteria were available for single diagnoses of mental illnesses. Only 1 (7.14%) correctly answered that the associations between symptoms and diagnoses were supported by including symptoms in the diagnostic criteria of the diagnoses. Nine (64.29%) correctly answered that the diagnosis variances were not fully explained by their symptoms. The confidence of participants in the major depressive disorder diagnosis and the willingness to take medications for this diagnosis were the same (mean = 5.50, standard deviation [SD] = 2.31). However, the confidence of participants in the symptom-based diagnosis of non-solid brain tumor was significantly lower (mean = 1.62, SD = 2.33, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionOur study found that mental illness diagnoses are wrong from the perspectives of the public because our participants did not agree with all the assumptions professionals make about mental illness diagnoses. Only a minority of our participants obtained correct answers to the calculations involved in mental illness diagnoses. In the literature, neither patients nor the public have been engaged in formulating the diagnostic criteria of mental illnesses.
How Is Connectedness With Nature Linked to Life Satisfaction or Depression Among Chinese People Living in Rural Low-Income Households? A Serial Mediation Model
Authors: Yang Chunyu , Chen Xiaoyan , Yao Jun , An Jing 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesIn this study a serial multiple mediation model is tested to investigate the potential sequentially-mediating effect of affect balance and social cohesion on the association between connectedness to nature and life satisfaction or depression.MethodsA total of 675 Chinese people from Jiangsu province living in rural low-income households participated in the study. The Connectedness to Nature Scale (CNS), the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), the Social cohesion scale (SCS), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the Patient Health Questionnaires (PHQ9) were measured in this paper.ResultsResults indicated that the multiple serial mediation of affect balance and social cohesion on the association between connectedness to nature and life satisfaction was significant among the full-size sample, the adult-report, and the old people report, but that this effect is relatively small. Specifically, serial mediation accounted for 2.01, 1.69, 2.67% of the total effect explained by connectedness to nature on life satisfaction, while it accounted for 2.66, 2.35, 2.91% of the total effect explained by connectedness to nature on depression among the full sample population, adults, and old people, respectively.ConclusionsThe findings corroborate the important roles of affect balance and social cohesion in activating connectedness to nature. We discussed the possible ways that affect balance and social cohesion might enhance life satisfaction and decrease depression for Chinese people living in rural low-income households. We also discussed the limitations of this study. More mechanisms could be considered in future studies.
Application of Smart Healthcare in Comparative Analysis of Effect of Early External Fixator and Plate Internal Fixation Treatment on Postoperative Complications and Lower Limb Function Recovery of Patients With Unstable Pelvic Fracture
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Sun Fang , Li Yao 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo comparatively analyze the effect of early external fixator and plate internal fixation treatment on postoperative complications and lower limb function recovery of patients with unstable pelvic fracture based on smart healthcare.MethodsThe clinical data of 98 patients with unstable pelvic fractures treated in our hospital from August 2018 to August 2021 were collected for retrospective analysis, and the patients were split into group A (plate internal fixation, n = 49) and group B (early external fixator treatment, n = 49) according to the surgical modalities. The time of operation, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, etc. were compared between the two groups.ResultsBetween the two groups, group B had significantly better clinical indicators (P &lt; 0.001), a greatly higher good rate of fracture reduction and postoperative Harris score (P &lt; 0.05), and obviously lower VAS score and total incidence rate of postoperative complications (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThrough the analysis based on smart healthcare, it is found that compared with plate internal fixation treatment, early external fixator treatment presents a better effect in treating patients with unstable pelvic fracture, because it is a reliable method to accelerate fracture healing, reduce postoperative complications, and improve lower limb function.
Three-Dimensional Dispersion of Neutral “Plastic” Particles in a Global Ocean Model
Authors: Huck Thierry , Bajon Raphaël , Grima Nicolas , Portela Esther , Molines Jean-Marc , Penduff Thierry 
Published: April 2022

The fate of plastics entering the 3D ocean circulation from rivers discharge is examined through the Lagrangian analysis of neutrally buoyant particles. Particles are released continuously over 1991–2010 at the surface along the coasts according to monthly estimates of rivers plastic waste input. They are advected by daily currents from a state-of-the-art global ocean model at 1/12° resolution. At the end of the simulation (year 2010), particles remaining in the surface layer of 1 m thickness represent less than 2% of the total particles released. These are concentrated in the center of subtropical gyres, mostly in the South Indian Ocean, and the North Pacific, in relation with the large sources from Asia, and in good agreement with previous 2D numerical experiments in the surface layer. These patterns remain similar down to about 30 m depth, this upper layer strongly influenced by Ekman currents trapping about 20% of the total released particles. About 50% of the total released particles remain in the upper 100 m, and up to 90% are found in the upper 400 m at the end of the experiment. Below the mixed layer, they are more widely dispersed horizontally and follow the main global pathways of ocean ventilation of mode and deep water masses. Plastic particles, neutrally buoyant because of their small size or biofouling, are thus expected to be strongly dispersed in the global ocean thermocline following mode waters patterns, and reach the deeper layers following the North Atlantic Deep Water formation path. Two major source regions have a global impact. Particles from the western North Pacific spread over the whole Pacific Ocean poleward of 20°S, whereas particles from Indonesia spread over the whole latitude band from 60°S to 20°S.
Leveraging a High-Throughput Screening Method to Identify Mechanisms of Individual Susceptibility Differences in a Genetically Diverse Zebrafish Model
Authors: Wallis Dylan J. , La Du Jane , Thunga Preethi , Elson Daniel , Truong Lisa , Kolluri Siva K. , Tanguay Robyn L. , Reif David M. 
Published: April 2022

Understanding the mechanisms behind chemical susceptibility differences is key to protecting sensitive populations. However, elucidating gene-environment interactions (GxE) presents a daunting challenge. While mammalian models have proven useful, problems with scalability to an enormous chemical exposome and clinical translation faced by all models remain; therefore, alternatives are needed. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as an excellent model for investigating GxE. This study used a combined bioinformatic and experimental approach to probe the mechanisms underlying chemical susceptibility differences in a genetically diverse zebrafish population. Starting from high-throughput screening (HTS) data, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using embryonic fish exposed to 0.6 μM Abamectin revealed significantly different effects between individuals. A hypervariable region with two distinct alleles–one with G at the SNP locus (GG) and one with a T and the 16 bp deletion (TT)–associated with differential susceptibility was found. Sensitive fish had significantly lower sox7 expression. Due to their location and the observed expression differences, we hypothesized that these sequences differentially regulate sox7. A luciferase reporter gene assay was used to test if these sequences, alone, could lead to expression differences. The TT allele showed significantly lower expression than the GG allele in MCF-7 cells. To better understand the mechanism behind these expression differences, predicted transcription factor binding differences between individuals were compared in silico, and several putative binding differences were identified. EMSA was used to test for binding differences in whole embryo protein lysate to investigate these TF binding predictions. We confirmed that the GG sequence is bound to protein in zebrafish. Through a competition EMSA using an untagged oligo titration, we confirmed that the GG oligo had a higher binding affinity than the TT oligo, explaining the observed expression differences. This study identified differential susceptibility to chemical exposure in a genetically diverse population, then identified a plausible mechanism behind those differences from a genetic to molecular level. Thus, an HTS-compatible zebrafish model is valuable and adaptable in identifying GxE mechanisms behind susceptibility differences to chemical exposure.
Contextual Factors behind Audience Engagement Behaviours of YouTube Vloggers: A Case Study
Authors: Zhang Hantian 
Published: April 2022

YouTube as a social media site for online videos has become a major platform for the distribution and consumption of video blogs (vlogs). Famous YouTube video bloggers (vloggers) can obtain large audiences and become important for product marketing. The success of vloggers can be related to the achievement of audience engagement, manifested by viewers’ participation and consumption on YouTube. Existing studies have explored vloggers’ audience engagement behaviours (AEBs) in their videos. This work-in-process research shifts focus from content to the vlogging “context” - situational factors involved during the production of vlogs. Context has been studied in subjects including human-computer interactions (HCI), television and language use, but rarely in vlogging. Previous research unveiled that context could affect bloggers’ written content. Research in marketing suggests the effect of context on brands’ engagement strategies towards consumers. However, the relationships between vlogging context and vloggers’ AEBs in videos have rarely been explored. This study explores the question “How can vlogging context affect vloggers’ audience engagement behaviours in videos?” This study implemented a qualitative analysis of videos from two famous UK YouTube vloggers. The analysis currently focuses on exploring how three key types of context (vlogger, audience and environmental context ) may affect the two AEBs – interaction and self-disclosure. The results propose that the three contexts affect vloggers’ AEBs through multiple contextual factors within each context. This highlights the importance of the vlogging context regarding its impact on vloggers’ implementation of AEBs. The study contributes to establishing a further understanding of AEBs of vloggers by taking context into account in addition to content. It provides another angle to evaluate vloggers and social media producers’ practices for building audiences.
Police_hu as a best practice: Online reputation management of the Hungarian Police on Instagram
Authors: Uricska Erna 
Published: April 2022

The findings of studies carried out by Google show that 22 percent of the organisations and companies searched for themselves online in 2001. The figure was 56% in 2013, so it can be assumed that this proportion will be even higher in 2021. In the digital age a new concept, an essential professional and social skill is emerging – online reputation management. It is not indifferent what type of digital footprint has been left behind in online space, and it is not only true for citizens, but also for companies and organisations, and for the police as well, nowadays. The aim of reputation management is to make the overall picture of the organisation well-known and influence it positively. The use of policing social networking sites is applied between the police as a service provider organisation and the members of the community, and there is a chance for sharing and getting real time information. As a result, policing social networking sites bear utmost importance for citizens, journalists and press officers as well. Police officers not only seek to share information but persuade the citizens to cooperate. The limited importance of textual content can be seen and in parallel, the visual content has become more important. It can be stated that the members of community do not expect a quantitative, but a qualitative presence. Thus, it is the number and quality of comments that reveal how deeply users have been involved in the topic and its imagery content. This study deals with the Instagram profile of the Hungarian Police (police_hu) between July 3, 2019 and July 3, 2020. Applying the method of discourse analysis, the research characterises the most popular and most commented entries during the one-year period. As a result, it can be said that the process taking place on the Instagram of the Hungarian Police implements a kind of brand building, which can be considered a positive example of police communication, while the characteristics of policing digilect can be well observed and analysed.
If you are late, you are Beyond help: Disinformation and Authorities in Social Media
Authors: Alaraatikka Milla , Koistinen Pekka , Kaarkoski Miina , Huhtinen Aki , Sederholm Teija 
Published: April 2022

Fast paced, seemingly vast and ever-growing social media is a challenging environment for public authorities to communicate optimally. One challenge is malicious disinformation, which is intentionally disseminated to deceive and cause harm to citizens and authorities. It is known that exceptional circumstances create opportunities for malicious actors to negatively influence democratic societies. Disinformation is often designed to cause uncertainty towards information that public authorities offer and to decrease the overall trust in public authorities. The aim of disinformation is often to cause polarisation in society and to weaken national security. Furthermore, in a crisis, it is essential that authorities are able to deliver official information quickly, clearly and accurately to citizens. Communication between authorities and citizens in time-sensitive situations is typically online. One challenge to public authorities is how they can mitigate and repair the effects of disinformation and information influencing in complex and time-sensitive circumstances. In this article, our aim is to describe the challenges that public authorities face when communicating in social media spaces where disinformation is present. The empirical data, including 16 government official interviews, was collected in September 2021. The main theme of the interviews was related to how situational awareness about disinformation is formed in their organisations. Our research questions focus on how public authorities detect and counter disinformation in social media and what kind of problems and pressures they have when communicating in such environments. This study follows a qualitative design and the data was analysed using inductive content analysis. This study is part of larger project related to counterforces and the detection of disinformation. The results will provide a broader understanding of how different types of public authorities, from health to security organisations, and from agencies to ministries, communicate in complex environments such as social media.
contribution of SNS to social capital in times of restricted physical contact
Authors: Hooper Val , Duffy-Bregmen Tayla 
Published: April 2022

Social capital is the collection of social assets and resources that provide value to an individual and on which they can rely in times of need. Social networking sites (SNS) have contributed significantly to the development of social capital. A common classification of social capital is into bridging, bonding and maintained social capital. Often social capital is built and maintained in the online and offline environments together but each environment can foster social capital separately. With the constraints on physical contact and interactivity brought about by Covid-19-related restrictions, the assumption is that there would be greater reliance on SNS to develop and maintain social capital.
This research examined whether, in an environment of ongoing restricted physical social contact, the use of SNS contributes positively to the establishment and development of social capital; and whether the use of different SNS exert different influences on the establishment and development of social capital. SNS use was assessed in terms of frequency and intensity of use; and social capital was assessed in terms of bridging, bonding and maintained social capital. Three SNS (Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp) were studied. A cross-sectional survey of 282 New Zealand residents was used to gather the data, and regression analyses were conducted to analyse the data.
Findings indicated that frequency and intensity of use were key contributors to social capital, contributing mostly towards bridging social capital and the least towards bonding social capital. Additionally, intense and frequent use of Instagram contributed most towards bridging and maintained social capital, whereas intense and frequent use of WhatsApp contributed most towards bonding social capital.
The research contributes to the theoretical understanding of the role of SNS, particularly with regard to the building and maintenance of social capital but also against a background of restricted physical social contact. It is furthermore of benefit to managers who have - and can - embraced the use of SNS to build and maintain team cultures, especially in terms of Covid-19-related contact restrictions.