bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algorithm for generating negative cases for collaborative filtering recommender
Authors: Song Gil Jae , Song Hee Seok 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMost collaborative filtering recommenders based on deep learning utilize implicit feedback information such as likes and bookmarks to infer user preferences rather than explicit feedback such as ratings provided by users. However, collaborative filtering models utilizing implicit feedback pose a chronic problem, that is, the “one‐class” problem (also known as the one‐class collaborative filtering problem), which causes trivial solutions due to lack of negative examples. A one‐class problem free‐boosting (OCF‐B) algorithm is proposed in this study to solve the one‐class problem by considering a user's preference pattern when generating negative cases and training the model with both positive and negative cases. More specifically, the OCF‐B algorithm iteratively selects negative cases that exacerbate the loss value of the object function and replace them with other negative cases when extracting negative cases from unknown cells of the user–item interaction matrix. In an experiment using four datasets, the results show that negative cases selected meticulously via the OCF‐B algorithm improve the prediction performance not only for negative cases, but also for positive cases. In addition, the prediction performance was better than that of the existing zero‐injection method.
Strain localization and crack initiation behavior of a PM Ni‐based superalloy: SEM‐DIC characterization and crystal plasticity simulation
Authors: Jiang Rong , Zhang Wentian , Zhang Leicheng , Zhao Yang , Zhang Lu , Song Yingdong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe strain localization and crack initiation behavior of a powder metallurgy (PM) nickel‐based superalloy FGH4098 under low cycle fatigue (LCF) loads at room temperature is investigated by combining scanning electron microscope (SEM)‐digital image correlation (DIC) characterization with crystal plasticity simulation. The elastic anisotropy near annealing twin boundaries contributes to strain localization and results in high propensity of LCF failure. The effect of local microstructure on the fatigue crack initiation at {111} slip bands and tortuous crack propagation is revealed. Meanwhile, local crystal plasticity finite element cyclic deformation simulation is carried out based on explicit microstructure reconstructed from electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) characterization. Four metrics of accumulated shear strain, effective plastic strain, shear strain energy dissipation density, and Fatemi–Socie parameter are selected as fatigue indicator parameters to predict crack initiation site. Fatemi–Socie parameter is proved to be a promising metric for crack initiation prediction.
How well do species distribution models predict occurrences in exotic ranges?
Authors: Nguyen Dat , Leung Brian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimSpecies distribution models (SDMs) are widely used predictive tools to forecast potential biological invasions. However, the reliability of SDMs extrapolated to exotic ranges remains understudied, with most analyses restricted to few species and equivocal results. We examine the spatial transferability of SDMs for 647 non‐indigenous species extrapolated across 1,867 invaded ranges, and identify what factors may help differentiate predictive success from failure.LocationGlobal.Time periodCurrent.Major taxa studiedSix hundred and forty‐seven terrestrial species; eight taxonomic classes.MethodsWe performed a large‐scale assessment of the transferability of SDMs using two modelling approaches: generalized additive models (GAMs) and MaxEnt. We fitted SDMs on the native ranges of species and extrapolated them to exotic ranges. We examined the influence of general factors and factors related to biological invasions on spatial transferability.ResultsDespite both modelling approaches performing well in the range of the species used for fitting, we observed moderate to low spatial transferability on average (mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] ~ .7) when extrapolating to their invaded ranges. Transferability differed between taxonomic classes and invaded continents and was positively influenced by the performance of the model and environmental generalism in the native range, and the year of first record. Models performed worse with greater environmental coverage in the exotic range, gross domestic product and number of occurrences in the native range, geographic distance between ranges and when extrapolating to islands.Main conclusionsAfter controlling for sampling bias, half of SDMs were only weakly predictive, which should affect how SDM‐based forecasts are interpreted. Performance differed based on characteristics of the data, species, and ranges, and can suggest when SDMs may be reliable and when we should be most cautious. These considerations touch directly upon the potential use of SDMs for management of biological invasions. We discuss possible mechanisms of these findings.
Modifiable intrinsic factors related to occupational falls in older workers
Authors: Osuka Yosuke , Okubo Yoshiro , Nofuji Yu , Sasai Hiroyuki , Seino Satoshi , Maruo Kazushi , Fujiwara Yoshinori , Oka Hiroyuki , Shinkai Shoji , Lord Stephen R , Kim Hunkyung 
Published: March 2022

AimIdentification of modifiable intrinsic factors for occupational falls is required for initiating effective fall prevention strategies for older workers. This study aimed to identify modifiable intrinsic factors related to falls during occupational activities among older workers.MethodsThis retrospective study involved 1164 older workers (aged ≥60 years, workdays ≥4/month) sampled from 18 public employment agencies for seniors in Saitama, Japan. Participants were assessed regarding the following 10 modifiable intrinsic factors: multimorbidity, polypharmacy, fall‐risk‐increasing medication use, self‐rated vision and hearing, functional strength, bilateral stepping, standing balance, executive function and visuospatial ability. The number of falls during occupational activities in the past year was also recorded.ResultsIn total, 111 falls occurred in 73 of the 1164 participants during occupational activities in the past year. A negative binomial regression model showed that use of fall‐risk‐increasing medications (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 2.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08, 4.60, P = 0.031), reduced functional strength (IRR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.21, P = 0.042), poor standing balance (IRR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.09, 3.09, P = 0.023) and poor visuospatial ability (IRR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.36, P = 0.034) were independently associated with occupational falls.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the assessment of medication use, functional strength, standing balance and visuospatial ability in regular health checks in the workplace may be useful for screening older workers at risk of occupational falls. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 338–343.
Eliciting preferences for continuing medication among adult patients and parents of children with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Khan Muhammad Umair , Balbontin Camila , Bliemer Michiel C. J. , Aslani Parisa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdherence to medication for attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is less than optimal. Previous studies have primarily focused on qualitative assessment of factors that influence medication adherence.ObjectiveThis study aimed to quantify the factors that influence patient and parent preferences for continuing ADHD medication.MethodA discrete‐choice experiment was conducted to investigate preferences. Adults, and parents of children, with ADHD were presented with eight hypothetical choice tasks of three options (Medication A, Medication B, No Medication) described by six attributes related to medication outcomes. Preferences were estimated using a mixed multinomial logit model.ResultsOverall, respondents' preferences (n = 216) for continuing medication were negative (mean [β] = −1.426, p < .001); however, a significant heterogeneity in preferences was observed amongst respondents (standard deviation = 0.805, p < .001). Improvements in education, aggressive behaviour, social behaviour and family functioning, and side effects and stigma, influenced respondents' decision to continue taking medication. The respondents were willing to continue medication if they experienced positive effects, but side effects (even moderate) were the strongest concern for not continuing medication. While side effects were the most important factor for both adult patients and parents of children with ADHD, improvement in education was relatively more important for adults and improvement in aggressive behaviour, social behaviour and family functioning was relatively more important for parents of children with ADHD. Parents were more likely to not continue a medication with severe side effects even at the highest level of improvement in education.ConclusionsSide effects are the most important factor that influenced preferences for continuing medication for both adults with ADHD, as well as parents of children with ADHD. While overall the respondents preferred not to take/give medication, discrete‐choice experiment showed that the relative importance of factors that influenced continuation of medications was different for the two groups.Patient and Public InvolvementAdults, and parents of children, with ADHD participated in this study by completing the online questionnaire. The questionnaire was based on findings of research in the literature, as well as earlier focus groups conducted with adults, and parents of children, with ADHD. The face validity of the questionnaire was determined by asking parents of children, and adults, with ADHD (n = 3) to complete the survey and participate in a short discussion on their understanding of the questions and their recommendations on improving the clarity of the survey.
Mediterranean thinking in migration studies: A methodological regionalism approach
Authors: Zapata‐Barrero Ricard 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe core reflection of this article is to explore the potential of using the Mediterranean as a category of analysis for migration studies, what epistemological and ontological effects this may have and how this could be done. To better capture this focus, I will speak about Med‐Thinking. This Mediterranean scale of analysis invites us to follow methodological regionalism. In practice, this means that we need to encourage scholars to channel their findings towards the development of a Mediterranean approach. To develop an integrative and reflexive regional approach, I will first point out the background premises of such a normative effort and second, I will present the main analytical tools framing this Med‐Thinking approach by articulating four main dimensions: epistemic solipsism, holism, homeostatic and positive thinking on migration. In the end, I will suggest some paths to promote the continued application of the Med‐Thinking approach for the development of Mediterranean migration studies.
US and them: Job quality differences between natives and immigrants in Europe
Authors: García‐Serrano Carlos , Hernanz Virginia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUsing microdata from the European Union Labour Force Survey (EU‐LFS) and aggregate indicators of labour market institutions, this article compares the job quality of native and non‐native workers across European countries and analyses the impact of the institutional settings on the job quality differential between both groups. The LFS is used to measure a job quality index for the period 2005–2017. We find that some immigrant groups fare worse than natives, the contribution of the “composition effect” to explain this differential is large, and the institutional framework affects the immigration gap in job quality. In particular, some labour market institutions (more centralized wage bargaining, stricter employment protection legislation) tend to be detrimental for immigrants relative to natives, while integration policies seem to work well in reducing these differences.
The effect of stock liquidity on corporate cash holdings: The real investment motive
Authors: Im Hyun Joong , Oliver Barry , Park Heungju 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between stock liquidity and corporate cash holdings and explores a new economic mechanism driving this relationship. Using a regression discontinuity design approach based on the annual reconstitution of the Russell 1000/2000 indices, we find that stock liquidity has a positive causal effect on corporate cash holdings. This effect is more pronounced for firms with more investment opportunities. These results suggest that enhanced stock liquidity increases corporate cash holdings by expanding the set of investment opportunities. Our evidence supports the real investment motive over the repurchase motive.
Dolos: Language‐agnostic plagiarism detection in source code
Authors: Maertens Rien , Van Petegem Charlotte , Strijbol Niko , Baeyens Toon , Jacobs Arne Carla , Dawyndt Peter , Mesuere Bart 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundLearning to code is increasingly embedded in secondary and higher education curricula, where solving programming exercises plays an important role in the learning process and in formative and summative assessment. Unfortunately, students admit that copying code from each other is a common practice and teachers indicate they rarely use plagiarism detection tools.ObjectivesWe want to lower the barrier for teachers to detect plagiarism by introducing a new source code plagiarism detection tool (Dolos) that is powered by state‐of‐the art similarity detection algorithms, offers interactive visualizations, and uses generic parser models to support a broad range of programming languages.MethodsDolos is compared with state‐of‐the‐art plagiarism detection tools in a benchmark based on a standardized dataset. We describe our experience with integrating Dolos in a programming course with a strong focus on online learning and the impact of transitioning to remote assessment during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Results and ConclusionsDolos outperforms other plagiarism detection tools in detecting potential cases of plagiarism and is a valuable tool for preventing and detecting plagiarism in online learning environments. It is available under the permissive MIT open‐source license at https://dolos.ugent.be.ImplicationsDolos lowers barriers for teachers to discover, prove and prevent plagiarism in programming courses. This helps to enable a shift towards open and online learning and assessment environments, and opens up interesting avenues for more effective learning and better assessment.
Commentary: Are complex parenting interventions less than the sum of their parts? A reflection on Leijten et al. (2022)
Authors: Fearon Pasco , Sonuga‐Barke Edmund 
Published: March 2022

Parenting interventions provide the backbone of professional support for children with behavioural problems and their families (Maughan et al., 2005). The overwhelming evidence for their value, at least in the short term, has prompted the field to move away from simply testing their efficacy to focus on issues of implementation. More and more studies are therefore addressing the interrelated goals of optimising outcomes, increasing scalability and affordability, improving access and removing barriers for hard‐to‐reach and treat families (e.g., Barnett et al., 2019; Day et al., 2012; Kazdin, 2015). Because parenting interventions are often complex and integrate multiple discrete therapeutic elements, achieving cost‐effective interventions that can be implemented efficiently at scale will depend on identifying which elements work best and which are redundant and can be cut. This can help streamline interventions to make them less burdensome by cutting the time, effort and resources needed for families to take part and making the interventions themselves easier to train and deliver. It can also help focus energies on areas where improvements of existing interventions are most needed and/or likely to yield the most value. Leijten and colleagues (2022) addressed these issues in their excellent review.
Exploring the Impact of Random Guessing in Distractor Analysis
Authors: Jin Kuan‐Yu , Siu Wai‐Lok , Huang Xiaoting 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMultiple‐choice (MC) items are widely used in educational tests. Distractor analysis, an important procedure for checking the utility of response options within an MC item, can be readily implemented in the framework of item response theory (IRT). Although random guessing is a popular behavior of test‐takers when answering MC items, none of the existing IRT models for distractor analysis have considered the influence of random guessing in this process. In this article, we propose a new IRT model to distinguish the influence of random guessing from response option functioning. A brief simulation study was conducted to examine the parameter recovery of the proposed model. To demonstrate its effectiveness, the new model was applied to the mathematics tests of the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination (HKDSE) from 2015 to 2019. The results of empirical analyses suggest that the complexity of item contents is a key factor in inducing students’ random guessing. The implications and applications of the new model to other testing situations are also discussed.
Safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic study of sibofimloc, a novel FimH blocker in patients with active Crohn's disease
Authors: Reinisch Walter , Hébuterne Xavier , Buisson Anthony , Schreiber Stefan , Desreumaux Pierre , Primas Christian , Paillarse Jean‐Michel , Chevalier Grégoire , Bonny Christophe 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and AimExpression of FimH adhesin by invasive Escherichia coli in the gastrointestinal tract of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) facilitates binding to epithelial glycoproteins and release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Sibofimloc is a first‐in‐class FimH blocker that showed little systemic absorption in healthy volunteers. The current study evaluated systemic absorption, safety, and effect on inflammatory biomarkers of sibofimloc in patients with CD.MethodsThis was an open‐label, multicenter phase 1b study in adults with active CD. In part 1, two patients received a single oral dose of 3000‐mg sibofimloc followed by 1500 mg b.i.d. for 13 days. In part 2, six patients received 1500‐mg sibofimloc b.i.d. for 13 days. Blood was drawn for pharmacokinetic and biomarker analysis, and stool was collected for biomarker and microbiome analysis.ResultsEight patients with active ileal or ileocolonic CD were enrolled into the study. Systemic sibofimloc exposure was low. Sibofimloc was well tolerated with only grade 1–2 events observed. Several pro‐inflammatory biomarkers, including IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, and calprotectin, were decreased in stool by end of study.ConclusionsThis first study of the novel FimH blocker, sibofimloc, in patients with active CD demonstrated minimal systemic exposure with good tolerance, while decreasing several inflammatory biomarkers.EudraCT number: 2017‐003279‐70.
Subject satisfaction and psychological well‐being with escalating abobotulinumtoxinA injection dose for the treatment of moderate to severe glabellar lines
Authors: Dayan Steven , Joseph John , Moradi Amir , Lorenc Z. Paul , Coleman Kyle , Ablon Glynis , Kaufman‐Janette Joely , Cox Sue Ellen , Campbell Andrew , Munavalli Girish , Prygova Inna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies indicate that the efficacy and durability of a single AbobotulinumtoxinA (ABO) treatment for moderate to severe glabellar lines may be enhanced with increasing dose, while safety outcomes remain consistent with those of the licensed dose (50 U).AimsEvaluation of subject‐reported indicators of treatment efficacy, satisfaction, and psychological well‐being with ABO dose escalation.MethodsA Phase 2, 36‐week, multicenter, randomized, dose‐ranging, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study was conducted in adults with moderate to severe glabellar lines. Subjects received a single ABO treatment, dosed at 50, 75, 100, or 125 U, or placebo. Efficacy endpoints comprised subject‐assessed improvement in line severity of ≥1‐grade from baseline at maximum frown, global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS) grade, FACE‐Q™ appraisal of lines, psychological well‐being and age, and subject satisfaction.ResultsThe study included 399 subjects (88.2% were female). Respective responder rates (≥1‐grade improvement) with ABO 50–125 U doses ranged between 96.3%–100% at Week 4, 65.0%–67.9% at Week 24, and 33.8%–44.4% at Week 36. GAIS responder rate and FACE‐Q appraisal of lines showed a similar pattern of change. Satisfaction was high and psychological well‐being was improved from Week 4 through Week 36, with natural, youthful, and refreshed appearance reported for all ABO doses.ConclusionsA single ABO treatment (dosed at 50–125 U) provided significant and sustained improvements in glabellar line severity over durations up to 36 weeks, versus placebo. Treatment satisfaction was high with all doses. Participants reported natural and youthful appearance, alongside improvements in psychological well‐being.
Associations Between State Laws Governing Recess Policy with Children's Physical Activity and Health
Authors: Clevenger Kimberly A. , Perna Frank M. , Moser Richard P. , Berrigan David 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundState‐level laws governing recess policies vary widely across the United States. We characterize the presence of such laws and assess their associations with child‐level outcomes.MethodsThe presence of a state recess law was determined using the Classification of Laws Associated with School Students (CLASS) database. Parents of 6‐ to 11‐year‐old children reported physical activity, overall health, school absences, school‐related problems, and ability to make/keep friends as part of the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). Logistic regression was used to compare outcomes in states with and without recess laws cross‐sectionally in 2018 and between 2003 and 2011/2012 using a difference‐in‐differences analysis.ResultsIn 2018, 20 states had a law recommending or requiring recess. Cross‐sectionally, the odds of being physically active every day (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 2.8, 1.2‐6.5) and having no difficulty making or keeping friends (2.9, 1.2‐7.2) were significantly higher for children residing in states with versus without a recess law. There were no significant associations in the difference‐in‐differences model.ConclusionsSignificant cross‐sectional associations in 2018 were not confirmed by a difference‐in‐differences analysis of two waves of the NSCH. Short follow‐up time and the apparent weakness of existing state laws warrant further assessment of state‐level recess law.