bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Toileting Behaviour Evaluation for Older Adults Using Wheelchairs: A Validation Study
Authors: Higashi Yasuhiro , Kaneda Toshikatsu , Yuri Yoshimi , Horimoto Takumi , Somei Yuta , Hirayama Kimiaki 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Ageing limits the activities of daily living (ADLs). Among ADLs, a lack of toileting independence causes a decline in the quality of life, mental health, and social participation. Studies have also shown that toileting dependence results in economic, mental, and physical burdens for not only patients but also their families and society. Therefore, occupational therapists spend considerable time assessing toileting disability based on various assessment methods. However, these methods are limited to stroke patients and have few grading levels and activity components for toileting. Therefore, they fail to evaluate toileting behaviour accurately and sensitively. Hence, this study developed a Toileting Behaviour Evaluation (TBE) on a 6-point ordinal scale for patients using wheelchairs, with 22 activity components for various diseases.
Methods
This study examined the reliability and validity of the TBE in acute and subacute hospitals in Japan. To this end, two occupational therapists assessed 50 patients for inter-rater reliability at different times and one assessed them twice within 7–10 days for intra-rater reliability using the TBE. Furthermore, one occupational therapist assessed 100 patients for internal consistency using the TBE and for concurrent validity using the TBE and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). The patients had been diagnosed with a stroke, musculoskeletal disease, or disuse syndrome.
Results
The minimum weighted kappa coefficients for the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability for each item were .67 and .79, respectively. Cronbach’s alpha was .98 for the 22 items. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between the mean scores on the TBE and FIM for toilet-related items was .74 (P < .01).
Conclusions
The TBE demonstrated good reliability and validity. This means that therapists can use it to identify impaired toileting behaviour. However, the relationship between impairments and each item of toileting behaviour should be explored in future studies. Additionally, studies should examine the creation of a specific index of functions of independence in each toileting behaviour.
Maternal seafood consumption and fetal growth: A birth cohort study in urban China
Authors: Wei Zhang , Li Wang , Lei Cao , Caixia An , Chuan Zhang , Jianqin Wang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Seafood is a good source of the essential fatty acids which has presumably beneficial effect on developing embryos and fetuses, although it is also a source of contaminants. In this context, pregnant women are face with conflicting reports on risk and benefits of seafood consumption. This study aims to assess whether the consumption of seafood during pregnancy were associated with fetal growth.
Methods: This study covered 10,179 women who delivered a singleton live birth, conducted in Lanzhou, China. The clinical data including birth outcomes and maternal complications information is extracted from medical records of the participants. We also collected information from them on intake of seafood using food frequency questionnaire. Associations between seafood consumption and birth weight, birth length, and head circumference were analyzed using multiple linear regression.
Results: There was a positive association between total seafood consumption and birth weight (β 7.420, P<0.001) but no association concerning birth length or head circumference. Seafood consumption was associated with decreased risk of low birth weight (OR = 0.575, 95 % CI 0.480, 0.689). The frequency of seafood consumption during pregnancy showed a trend toward a positive association with low birth weight. Significantly reduce rates of low birthweight were found in women who consumed more than 75g seafood/week during pregnancy as compared to women with no or very low intakes(P for trend 0.021).
Conclusions: Maternal seafood consumption was associated with decreased risk of low birth weight and increased birth weight. This association was mainly driven by freshwater fish and shellfish. These results further corroborate the present dietary recommendation to the Chinese Nutrition Society for pregnant women. In addition, our work emphasis the value of public health advice to change dietary habits for women in inland city in China.
Lactate metabolism subtypes analysis reveals CCDC80 as a novel prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer
Authors: Li Xiang , Du Yaqi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Lactate metabolism plays a vital role in tumor progression. Currently, gastric cancer (GC) has a poor prognosis. Therefore, our research aimed to investigate novel biomarkers related to lactate metabolism in patients.
Methods
Patient data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were divided into subtypes based on the expression of lactate metabolism-related genes (LMRGs). Based on the subtypes, we identified coiled-coil domain containing 80 (CCDC80) for further investigation. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were constructed to determine the prognostic value of CCDC80 in GC. We further explored the mechanism by which CCDC80 affects GC prognosis using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Immune infiltration and drug sensitivity analyses were also performed. Finally, immunohistochemical staining was used to evaluate CCDC80 expression in normal and tumor tissues.
Results
We observed that CCDC80 was overexpressed in GC samples and was significantly associated with T and pathological stages. Multivariate Cox analysis identified high CCDC80 expression as an independent prognostic marker. GSEA indicated that the oxidative phosphorylation pathway was highly enriched in the low CCDC80 expression group. Moreover, CCDC80 was associated with immune cell infiltration, especially that of M2 macrophages. Patients with higher CCDC80 expression exhibited lower sensitivity to paclitaxel.
Conclusion
our findings demonstrate that CCDC80 is an oncogene in GC and is associated with lactate metabolism, and it could be used as a novel biomarker for prognostic and chemotherapy treatment purposes.
Phantom and clinical evaluation of Block Sequential Regularized Expectation Maximization (BSREM) Reconstruction Algorithm in 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT Studies
Authors: Sadeghi Fatemeh , Sheikhzadeh Peyman , Kasraie Nima , Farzanehfar Saeed , Abbasi Mehrshad , Salehi Yalda , Ay Mohammad Reza 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose

we aimed to investigate the effect of various β-value in BSREM algorithm under different lesion sizes, in order to determine an optimal penalty factor for clinical use.

Methods

The NEMA IQ phantom and 15 patients with prostate cancer were injected with 68Ga-PSMA and scanned by GE Discovery IQ PET/CT scanner. Images were reconstructed using OSEM and BSREM with different β-values and then background variability (BV), contrast recovery (CR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and lung residual error (LE) from phantom data, and Signal-to-Background Ratio (SBR), contrast from clinical data were measured.

Results

The increment of BV using β-value of 100 was 120% and the decrement of BV using β-value 1000 were 40.5% compared to OSEM. As the β decreased from 1000 to 100, the SUVmax increased by 59% and 26.4% for sphere with diameter of 10 mm and 37 mm, respectively.Δ SNR(100-1000) % increased by 140.5 and 29.0 in the smallest and the largest sphere, respectively. The Δ LE OSEM-100 and Δ LE OSEM-1000 was − 41.1% and − 36.7% respectively. In the clinical study, the lowest SBR and contrast was related to the OSEM. The SBR and contrast, respectively increased by 69.7% and 71.8% in small lesions and 35.6% and 33% in large lesions, respectively, when β-value was decreased from 500 to 100.

Conclusions

As the lesion size decreased, the optimum β-value decreased. In both studies, a β value of 400 would be optimal for reconstruction of small lesions, whereas for large lesions in phantom and clinical studies respectively, β-value of 600 and 500 is recommended.
Manufacturing problem solving methodology analytic. A case study of leakage current in a production company
Authors: Mahmood Khalid 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Product end-user and customer satisfaction are critical for the success of organisations. This paper presents a case study of a design company and manufacturing supplier that faces customer complaints due to defective temperature sensors integrated into fridge freezers. This research aims to find the root cause of the issues and implement a solution to the problem and to ensure that prevent its recurrence by implementing the lean eight disciplines methodology as an analytics step: (1) 5 Whys analysis based on cross-functional team finding, (2) problem descriptions confirmation, (3) containment actions, (4) root cause analysis of occurrence, (5) permanent corrective actions, (6) implementation of permanent corrective action, (7) actions to prevent a recurrence, and (8) closure with eight disciplines report and congratulate cross-functional teams from the design, engineering, and suppliers production sites.
High-quality product design, development, production processes and manufacturing require a problem-solving framework for the life cycle assessment. This study develops the Eight Disciplines (8D) investigation tool for cross-functional teams, internal and external work together to solve issues to improve the product life cycle in the field. Shows how to conduct root cause investigation analysis of issues with five whys of the problems for crucial processes. If necessary, integrate the 8D, and Six Sigma approaches to identify answers. It enables corrective and preventive actions and customer reports with executed fixes and measures timelines to prevent similar issues from recurring in businesses. This study deals with product managers and practitioners of manufacturing and product design companies using the 8D analytics tool and framework to solve problems for quality improvements throughout the life cycle of products.
For manufacturing problem-solving, use 8D tool analytical challenges (e.g., high warranty cost, high production failures, the unreliability of products, resources, and different scopes) and opportunities (e.g., to solve product issues, improve production processes, and reduce warranty cost). In this case study, a circuit is susceptible to leakage current, cleaning all components following solder assembly. Specific solvents are needed to effectively clean boards because "no-clean" solder flux is used, which does not require cleaning. Therefore, different flux chemistry is necessary for this situation, which can be cleaned using a water-based solvent as a long-term fix, as revealed by the 8D analytics template.
Practice of Defensive Medicine Among Surgeons in Ethiopia: Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Assefa Eskinder Amare , Teferi Yonas Ademe , Alemu Birhanu Nega , Tiruneh Abraham Genetu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Defensive medicine is physicians’ deviation from standard medical care which is primarily intended either to reduce or avoid medico legal litigation. Although the Federal Ethics Committee review in Ethiopia has shown that applications for medical/surgical error investigation claims are increasing at an alarming rate, there is no study to date done to estimate the degree of defensive practice done by the physicians with an intention of avoiding this increasing legal claim. This study assessed the practice of defensive medicine among highly litigious disciplines (surgery) and described factors associated with its practice.
Methods
Cross sectional quantitative study using online survey questionnaires was conducted to assess the degree of defensive practice and six factors (age, years of experience, specialty, monthly income, place of practice and previous medico legal history) associated with its practice were assessed among surgeons working in Ethiopia.
Results
A total of 430 surgeons directly received an online survey questionnaire and 236 of them successfully completed the questionnaire making the response rate 51.2%. Nearly half of the study participants (51.7%) were aware of the concept of defensive medicine and 174 (74%) reported performing one form of defensive practice. Twenty-nine (12.3%) of the participants have legal dispute history, though only 1.3% of them ended up in penalty. Avoiding high risk procedures was the commonest defensive act performed by 60% of the participants, followed by ordering tests unnecessarily (52.1%). Multinomial logistic regression model showed that there was no association between age of the participant, place of practice, year of experience and defensive practice. This model also showed that cardiothoracic and vascular surgeons perform less defensively than surgeons with other specialty with P value of 0.02.
Conclusion
The practice of defensive medicine is widespread among surveyed Ethiopian surgeons and further studies are required to objectively estimate the effect of defensive practice on the health care system of the country. Policy makers need to develop strategy towards decreasing this high rate of defensive practice.
Application of coal price prediction method based on ISSA-LSSVR method in state optimization design of inclined seam open-pit mine
Authors: Cao Bo , Wang Shuai , Zhao Bo , Li Qingyi , Lv Mingjia , Liu Guangwei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As an important link in the complex system engineering project of open-pit mining, the quality of boundary determine the performance of the project to a large extent. However, the traditional design method cannot effectively measure the impact of uncertainties on the realm optimisation process. In this article, a coal price time series forecasting model that considers the amount of redundancy is proposed, which combines an improved sparrow search algorithm (ISSA) and a least squares support vector regression machine regression algorithm (LSSVR). The optimal values of the penalty factor and kernel function parameter of the LSSVR model are selected by ISSA, which improves the prediction accuracy and generalisation performance of the forecasting model. A multi-step decision optimisation method under fluctuating coal price conditions is proposed, and the model prediction results are applied to the boundary optimisation design process. Using the widely applied block model as the basis, a set of optimal production nested pits is obtained and only obtained, allowing the realm design results to fit the coal price fluctuation trend and further enhance the enterprise efficiency. The applicability and effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using an ideal two-dimensional inclined coal seamopencast mine model as an example.
COMMD3 loss drives invasive breast cancer growth by modulating copper homeostasis
Authors: Hancock Janelle L , Kalimutho Murugan , Straube Jasmin , Lim Malcolm , Gresshoff Irma , Saunus Jodi M , Lee Jason , Lakhani Sunil , Simpson Kaylene J , Bush Ashley I , Anderson Robin , Khanna Kum Kum 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite overall improvement in breast cancer patient outcomes from earlier diagnosis and personalised treatment approaches, some patients continue to experience recurrence and incurable metastases. It is therefore imperative to understand the molecular changes that allow transition from a non-aggressive state to a more aggressive phenotype. This transition is governed by a number of factors.
Methods
As crosstalk with extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for tumour cell growth and survival, we applied high throughput shRNA screening on a validated ‘3D on-top cellular assay’ to identify novel growth suppressive mechanisms.
Results
A number of novel candidate genes were identified. We focused on COMMD3, a previously uncharacterised gene that suppressed invasive growth of ER + breast cancer cells in the cellular assay. Analysis of published expression data suggested that COMMD3 is normally expressed in the mammary ducts and lobules, that expression is lost in some tumours and that loss is associated with lower survival probabilities. We performed immunohistochemical analysis of an independent tumour cohort to investigate relationships between COMMD3 protein expression, phenotypic markers and disease-specific survival. This revealed an association between COMMD3 loss and shorter survival in hormone-dependent breast cancers and particularly luminal-A-like tumours (ER+/Ki67-low; 10-year survival probability 0.83 vs 0.73 for COMMD3-positive and -negative cases, respectively). Expression of COMMD3 in luminal-A-like tumours was directly associated with markers of luminal differentiation: c-KIT, ELF5, androgen receptor and tubule formation (the extent of normal glandular architecture; p < 0.05). Consistent with this, knockdown of COMMD3 induced invasive spheroid growth in ER + breast cancer cell lines in vitro, while Commd3 knockdown in the relatively indolent 4T07 TNBC mouse cell line promoted tumour expansion in syngeneic Balb/c hosts. Notably, RNA sequencing revealed a role for COMMD3 in copper signalling, via regulation of the Na+/K+-ATPase subunit, ATP1B1. Treatment of COMMD3-knockdown cells with the copper chelator, tetrathiomolybdate, significantly reduced invasive spheroid growth via induction of apoptosis.
Conclusion
Overall, we found that COMMD3 loss promoted-aggressive behaviour in breast cancer cells.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with sarcopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sano Akitoshi , Inoue Jun , Kakazu Eiji , Ninomiya Masashi , Iwata Tomoaki , Tsuruoka Mio , Sato Kosuke , Onuki Masazumi , Sawahashi Satoko , Masamune Atsushi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sarcopenia is associated with the prognosis of patients with hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed to clarify the composition of blood fatty acids and the association between fatty acids and sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this single center-retrospective study, 414 patients were enrolled. The skeletal muscle index was measured by a transverse computed tomography scan image at the third lumbar vertebra. The cutoff value for sarcopenia followed the criteria for sarcopenia of the Japan Society of Hepatology. The concentrations of fatty acids were measured by gas-chromatography. Of each fatty acid fraction, only omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids showed a significant correlation with skeletal muscle index (R = 0.15, p = 0.0026). In the multivariate analysis, the level of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids was an independent variable associated with sarcopenia (odds ratio (95% CI): 0.9946 (0.9915–0.9977), p = 0.0004). N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were lower in patients with sarcopenia when the patient backgrounds were aligned using propensity score matching. These results showed an association between sarcopenia and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. We believe this study will contribute to the research of nutritional therapy or fatty acid-supplementation therapy for sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation for Rectal Cancer Achieves Satisfactory Tumour Regression and Local Recurrence – Result of a Dedicated Multi-Disciplinary Approach from a South Asian Centre
Authors: Deen Raeed , Ediriweera Dileepa S , Thillakaratne Suchintha , Hewavissenthi Janaki , Kumarage Sumudu K , Chandrasinghe Pramodh C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

BackgroundPre-operative long-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for rectal cancer has resulted in improvement in rates of restorative rectal resection and local recurrence by inducing tumour downstaging and down-sizing. Total mesorectal excision (TME) is a standardised surgical technique of low anterior resection aimed at prevention of local tumour recurrence. The purpose of this study was to evaluate tumour response following CRT in a standardised group of patients with rectal cancer.MethodsOne hundred and thirty-one patients (79 male; 52 female, median age 57; interquartile range 47 – 62 years) with rectal cancer underwent pre-operative long-course CRT followed by standardised open low anterior resection at a median of 10weeks post-CRT. Median follow up at the time of analysis was 15 months (interquartile range 6 – 45 months). Pathology reports were analysed based on AJCC-UICC classification using the TNM system. Data recorded were overall/sub-grades of tumour regression; good, moderate or poor, lymph node harvest, local recurrence, disease-free and overall survival using standard statistical methods.ResultsSeventy eight percent showed tumour regression post CRT; 43% displayed good tumour regression/response while 22% had poor tumour regression/response. All patients had a pre-operative T-stage of either T3 or T4. Post-operation, those classified as good responders had a median T stage of T2 vs. T3 in poor responders (P=0.0002). Overall, median lymph node harvest was less than 12. There was no difference in the number of nodes harvested in good responders vs. poor responders (Good/moderate-6 nodes vs. Poor- 8; P=0.31). Good responders tended to have a lesser number of malignant nodes vs. poor responders (P=0.31). Overall, local recurrence was 6.8% and there was no significant difference in predicted 5-year disease-free or overall survival between good and poor responders.ConclusionThe use of pre-operative long-course CRT results in satisfactory tumour regression and enables consideration for safe, sphincter resection in rectal cancer. A dedicated multi-disciplinary team approach achieved a global benchmark for local recurrence. Further research will be aimed at methods to improve overall lymph node harvest in irradiated patients with rectal cancer having low anterior resection.