bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intimate partner violence prevention amongst Arab American young adults in Chicago: Implications for intervention development
Authors: Abboud Sarah , Zubi Mona , Shalabi Itedal , Taha Nareman , Velonis Alisa , Patil Crystal 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsIntimate partner violence (IPV) rates in the Arab American community are high, and there are gaps in the understanding of young adults' perspectives on IPV and its prevention. The aims of this study are to describe Arab American young adults' perspectives on the design of IPV prevention programmes and to document and explore their understanding and experiences with IPV.DesignThis exploratory study was part of a larger community‐based participatory mixed‐method study (QUAL‐quan) amongst Arabs in Chicago and focused on young adult participants (18–25 years).MethodsParticipants (n = 44) completed an IPV survey about IPV perpetration and victimization, dating violence norms, conflict management skills, gender stereotyping, and belief in the need for help. From four focus groups (22 participants), we explored Arab American young adults' perspectives on IPV prevention programme development.ResultsParticipants supported the adaptation and development of a youth‐centred IPV prevention intervention that is community‐based, culturally informed, and inclusive of multiple Arab community stakeholders. The survey results indicated multiple experiences with psychological and physical dating violence victimization (76.3% and 47.2%) and perpetration (62.2% and 27%).ConclusionArab American young adults in Chicago are exposed to high rates of IPV. Community‐based participatory approaches are needed to develop IPV prevention interventions that centre community needs.ImpactIntimate partner violence is a significant public health problem; nearly 1 in 4 women have experienced IPV at some point in their life, and about 70% of those experiencing IPV, experience their first victimization before the age of 25. Arab American young adults experience high rates of IPV victimization and perpetration, requiring urgent attention. Participants proposed various community‐based strategies to develop IPV prevention programmes that include multiple community stakeholders. Community‐based organizations and researchers, schools and religious institutions could establish collaborations to ensure the adaptation and development of community‐informed IPV prevention programmes.
Assessment of phylogenetic approaches to study the timing of recombination cessation on sex chromosomes
Authors: Zhang Hongkai , Sigeman Hanna , Hansson Bengt 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe evolution of sex chromosomes is hypothesized to be punctuated by consecutive recombination cessation events, forming “evolutionary strata” that ceased to recombine at different time points. The demarcation of evolutionary strata is often assessed by estimates of the timing of recombination cessation (tRC) along the sex chromosomes, commonly inferred from the level of synonymous divergence or with species phylogenies at gametologous (X‐Y or Z‐W) sequence data. However, drift and selection affect sequences unpredictably and introduce uncertainty when inferringtRC. Here, we assess two alternative phylogenetic approaches to estimatetRC; (i) the expected likelihood weight (ELW) approach that finds the most likely topology among a set of hypothetical topologies and (ii) the BEAST approach that estimatestRCwith specified calibration priors on a reference species topology. By using Z and W gametologs of an old and a young evolutionary stratum on the neo‐sex chromosome of Sylvioidea songbirds, we show that the ELW and BEAST approaches yield similartRCestimates, and that both outperform two frequently applied approaches utilizing synonymous substitution rates (dS) and maximum likelihood (ML) trees, respectively. Moreover, we demonstrate that both ELW and BEAST provide more precisetRCestimates when sequences of multiple species are included in the analyses.
Effect of thickness of CAD/CAM materials on light transmission and resin cement polymerization using a blue light‐emitting diode light‐curing unit
Authors: de Castro Eduardo Fernandes , Fronza Bruna Marin , Soto‐Montero Jorge , Giannini Marcelo , dos‐Santos‐Dias Carlos Tadeu , Price Richard Bengt 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveEvaluate the effect of thickness of high‐translucency (HT) CAD/CAM materials on irradiance and beam profile from a blue light‐emitting diode light‐curing unit (LCU) and on the degree of conversion (DC) and maximum polymerization rate (Rpmax) of a light‐cured resin cement (LCC).Material and methodsThe direct output from the LCU, the light transmission and irradiance ratio (IR) through one conventional composite and nine HT CAD/CAM materials (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0‐mm thick; n = 5) were measured with a integrating sphere coupled to a spectrometer. The light beam was assessed with a beam profiler camera. The DC at 600 s and the Rpmax of one LCC was determined using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (n = 5). Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Tukey's tests, and Dunnett's test was also used for irradiance data (α = 0.05).ResultsA significant decrease in irradiance through all materials occurred as thickness increased. Thin CAD/CAM materials improved light homogeneity, which decreased with the increase in thickness. The DC of the LCC directly exposed to light was the same as when exposed to 45%, 25%, 15%, or 5% IRs. Rpmax decreased with the decrease in IR.ConclusionsAlthough the HT CAD/CAM materials reduced the irradiance from the LCU, minor effects were observed in the LCC's DC.Clinical significanceDespite the light attenuation of blue light through different CAD/CAM materials that were up to 2‐mm thick, the degree of conversion of one brand of light‐cured resin cement was clinically acceptable when the LCU was used for 30 s.
The initial experience of left bundle branch area pacing in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zhu Haojie , Wang Zhao , Li Xiaofei , Yao Yan , Huang Weijian , Liu Zhimin , Fan Xiaohan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeWhether left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) could be achieved in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) requiring ventricular pacing remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the feasibility and effect of LBBAP in HCM.MethodsPatients with HCM who underwent LBBAP were recruited from November 2018 to September 2021. Clinical characteristics, echocardiographic, and pacing parameters were prospectively collected at baseline and during follow‐up.ResultsEleven consecutive HCM patients who attempted LBBAP were included (mean age 64.0 ± 8.7 years, female 45.5%, mean interventricular septum 16.7 mm). The success rate of LBBAP was 36.4% (4/11) and the reason for failed LBBAP in other seven HCM patients was the inability to screw the lead into the deep septum or capture the left bundle branch. Patients with successful LBBAP had significantly narrower QRS duration than those with failed cases (118.0 ± 3.7 ms vs. 140.9 ± 9.4 ms, p = .01) while the capture thresholds, sensing amplitudes, and pacing impedances were similar. Successful cases presented with less positive late gadolinium enhancement (25.0% vs. 71.4%, p = .02) and thinner interventricular septum thickness (14.5 ± 1.0 mm vs. 18.0 ± 2.5 mm, p = .02) compared with failed cases. Pacing parameters remained stable and no procedure‐related complications occurred during a mean follow‐up of 8.9 ± 7.3 months.ConclusionLBBAP may be successfully achieved in less than half of HCM patients due to thick interventricular septum and heavy burden of myocardial fibrosis. Pacing strategies should be cautiously considered in patients with HCM.
Negative childhood events and the development of the anorexic voice: A grounded theory
Authors: Morrison Jet , Williams Marc O. , Fox John R. E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundMany individuals diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN) describe their disorder as being represented by an internal ‘anorexic voice’ (AV). Previous studies have identified associations between eating psychopathology and multifarious forms of adverse life experiences.AimsThis study explores the relationship between adverse experiences in childhood and the development of the AV.Materials and MethodsTwelve women who had the experience of the AV in the context of a diagnosis of AN took part in semi‐structured interviews. The interview data were analysed using a constructivist grounded theory methodology.ResultsParticipants recalled feeling unsafe in a variety of relationships and a theory was constructed in which the AV provides a sense of conditional safety, becoming increasingly hostile and belittling when it is disobeyed, revealing similar characteristics to abusers and bullies in childhood.DiscussionFindings are related to the broader literature on the link between trauma and eating disorders, and to existing theories of internal voices.ConclusionsThe findings have implications for a trauma‐focused approach when working with the AV.
Detection and Characterization of Paraproteinemia in Canine Chronic B‐cell Lymphocytic Leukemia Using Routine and Free Light Chain Immunofixation
Authors: Harris R. Adam , Gary Erik B. , Rout Emily D. , Avery Anne C. , Moore A. Russell 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundHyperglobulinemia is reported in 26% of canine chronic B‐cell lymphocytic leukemia (B‐CLL) cases. However, few cases have been characterized by protein electrophoresis and immunofixation (IF), and the incidence of a monoclonal protein (M‐protein) is unknown using these techniques.ObjectiveTo characterize and determine the proportion of canine B‐CLL cases with an M‐protein using plasma protein electrophoresis (PPE), routine and free light chain (fLC) IF, and to assess if productive B‐CLL cases express MUM1/IRF4 by cell tube block (CTB).MethodsPPE, routine (targeting IgG, IgA, IgM, IgG4, and light chain) and fLC IF were performed using 48 dog B‐CLL plasma samples from patients diagnosed via peripheral blood flow cytometry. CTB was performed on a separate cohort of 15 patients.ResultsHyperproteinemia (>7.5 g/dL) was present in 17/48 cases (35%). An M‐protein was detected in 32/48 cases (67%). Of these, 19/32 cases (59%) had only complete (monoclonal heavy and light chain) M‐proteins detected, 10/32 cases (31%) had both complete and fLC M‐proteins detected, and 3/32 cases (9%) had only an fLC M‐protein detected. IgM was the most common clonal immunoglobulin isotype detected (23 cases). CD21+ cell counts were higher in cases with detectable M‐protein. Plasma fLC IF suggested β‐γ region interference, likely caused by clotting proteins. All B‐CLL cases consistently expressed PAX5 and did not express MUM1/IRF4.ConclusionsMost B‐CLL cases had an M‐protein and were not hyperproteinemic. Most cases with paraproteins had a complete IgM monoclonal gammopathy; a subset had documented fLCs. The prognostic significance of heavy and fLC presence should be evaluated.
Dimensional transmutation and nonconventional scaling behavior in a model of self-organized criticality
Authors: Antonov N. V. , Gulitskiy N. M. , Kakin P. I. , Semeikin M. N. 
Published: July 2022

This paper addresses two unusual scaling regimes (types of critical behavior) predicted by the field-theoretic renormalization group analysis for a self-organized critical system with turbulent motion of the environment. The system is modeled by the anisotropic stochastic equation for a “running sandpile” introduced by Hwa and Kardar in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 1813 (1989)]. The turbulent motion is described by the isotropic Kazantsev–Kraichnan “rapid-change” velocity ensemble for an incompressible fluid. The original Hwa–Kardar equation allows for independent scaling of the spatial coordinates [Formula: see text] (the coordinate along the preferred dimension) and [Formula: see text] (the coordinates in the orthogonal subspace to the preferred direction) that becomes impossible once the isotropic velocity ensemble is coupled to the equation. However, it is found that one of the regimes of the system’s critical behavior (the one where the isotropic turbulent motion is irrelevant) recovers the anisotropic scaling through “dimensional transmutation.” The latter manifests as a dimensionless ratio acquiring nontrivial canonical dimension. The critical regime where both the velocity ensemble and the nonlinearity of the Hwa–Kardar equation are relevant simultaneously is also characterized by “atypical” scaling. While the ordinary scaling with fixed IR irrelevant parameters is impossible in this regime, the “restricted” scaling where the times, the coordinates, and the dimensionless ratio are scaled becomes possible. This result brings to mind scaling hypotheses modifications (Stell’s weak scaling or Fisher’s generalized scaling) for systems with significantly different characteristic scales.
Expression and Clinical Significance of Serum Krüppel-Like Factor 7 (KLF7) in NSCLC Patients
Authors: Song Huigai , Sun Jingjing , Xu Zhiming , Liu Xinru , Liu Na 
Published: July 2022

Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a serious threat to the life and health of patients with high incidence rate and mortality. The present research was to assess the relationship between the serum Krüppel-like factor 7 (KLF7) level and the recurrence and metastasis of NSCLC patients. 150 patients with NSCLC treated by thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer in our hospital from January 2016 to February 2017 were selected. As the control group, 148 healthy people who went to the hospital for physical examination in the same period were screened. The expression levels of serum KLF7 in the observation group and the control group were compared and analyzed. According to the level of KLF7 expression, the patients in the observation group were divided into KLF7 high expression group (≥258.6 ng/L,

n

=75) and KLF7 low expression group (<258.6 ng/L,

n

=75). The 3-year recurrence and metastasis rate of patients in each group was compared and analyzed. It was found the concentration of serum KLF7 in peripheral blood of NSCLC (2.25 ± 0.65) ng/ml was significantly higher than that in healthy population (1.42 ± 0.38) ng/ml (

P
<
0.05

). The expression level of serum KLF7 was not related to gender, age, smoking history, and tumor diameter of NSCLC patients (

P
>
0.05

), but related to the degree of differentiation and TNM stage of NSCLC patients (

P
<
0.05

). Univariate analysis showed that the degree of differentiation, TNM stage, and KLF7 were significantly correlated with 3-year recurrence and metastasis of NSCLC patients (

P
<
0.05

). Cox regression analysis showed that low degree of differentiation, TNM stage IIIa, and KLF7 were independent risk factors for recurrence and metastasis in NSCLC patients in 3 years (

P
<
0.05

). Taken together, the expression level of serum KLF7 in patients with NSCLC is significantly increased, which is an independent risk factor for recurrence and metastasis in 3 years, and is worthy of clinical application.
Counterfactual Thinking Made in a Relevant Choice and Negative Consequences
Authors: Muñoz-Olano Juan F. , Ruiz-Zapata Glenys J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The counterfactual thinking cannot be only developed in early childhood, but it also could be a requirement for the causal reasoning. In this research a replica of German (1999) was made using counterfactual stories with Latin American kids between three and four years, demonstrating the possible main role counterfactual reasoning, by using computer animations. This was a different approach to the most recent made by Nyhout and Ganea (2020). Nonetheless, the participants of the study evidenced counterfactual reasoning to the relevant choice and the negative consequence conditions shown on the stories that represented the choices made by a starting role (McNemar, N = 40, k = 11.53, p = .001). Although some of the results were not totally conclusive under the analyzed conditions. Lastly, some possible not controlled effects are discussed from stories shown to the children, that could have motivated the counterfactual thinking.
Single nucleotide polymorphism markers in Heterorhabditis bacteriophora associated with virulence at low temperature
Authors: Godina Giulia , Kirsch Carlotta , Dörfler Verena , Barg Mike , Singh Phougeishangbam Rolish , Vandenbossche Bart , Strauch Olaf , Ehlers Ralf-Udo , Molina Carlos 
Published: July 2022

Summary
The entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, is an important biological control agent worldwide. Industrially produced EPN need to meet the climatic requirements for the control of pests in field agriculture in autumn and spring when temperatures are low. For this trait (virulence at low temperature), previous EPN improvement attempts relied on phenotypic selection and the selected trait had low stability. The use of molecular markers can increase the efficacy of EPN breeding by tracking traits associated with specific genotypes. To date, fewer than 200 polymorphic and reproducible sequence-tagged molecular markers in H. bacteriophora have been reported. Here, we enhanced the palette of highly polymorphic genetic markers for this EPN by applying genotyping by sequencing (GBS). By analysing 48 H. bacteriophora homozygous wild-type inbred lines from different origins, we determined 4894 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with at least one polymorphism along the tested set. For validation, we designed robust PCR assays for seven SNPs, finding 95% correspondence with the expected genotypes along 294 analysed alleles. We phenotyped all lines for their virulence at low temperature (15°C) against mealworm and observed infectivity ranging from 38 to 80%. Further, we carried out association analyses between genotypic and phenotypic data and determined two SNPs yielding potential association with H. bacteriophora virulence at low temperature. The use of these candidate SNPs as breeding markers will speed up the generation of strains better adapted to low temperature in this species. The generated set of lines and SNP data are a versatile tool applicable for further traits in this EPN.
Variation in the Use of Diacritics in Modern Typeset Standard Arabic: A Theoretical and Descriptive Framework
Authors: Hallberg Andreas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The extent to which the diacritic layer (taškīl) of the Arabic writing system is employed in modern typeset text differs considerably between genres and individual texts, with many in-between forms not aptly captured by the traditional binary categories of “vowelled” and “unvowelled” text. This article is the first to present a theoretical account of this variation applicable to modern typeset Standard Arabic. It is suggested that diacritics serve three basic functions: facilitation of reading comprehension; facilitation of prescriptively correct diction; and to evoke associations with other texts. Six modes of diacritization in modern typeset text are identified and related to data on rates of diacritization from a corpus of electronically published books. Further lines of research based on this framework are suggested.
Fidei christianae delineatio brevis by Conradus Vorstius (1620)
Authors: Tromp Johannes 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
“A Brief Sketch of the Christian Faith,” published in 1632, was written by Conradus Vorstius in 1620, at the request of Johannes Uytenbogaert. Uytenbogaert needed a Confession for the Remonstrant Society he had just founded, and asked Vorstius to assist the committee that was established for its production. Vorstius, who at the time lived in difficult conditions, was unable to deliver a full text, but managed to provide this Sketch, which was subsequently used by Simon Episcopius to compose his famous Remonstrant Confession. Vorstius’s sketch was never intended for publication.
The Role of Missionaries from the Nederlandsche Zendingsvereeniging (NZV) in the Development of Public Health in Cirebon Residency 1864–1899
Authors: Sukamto Amos 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the second half of the 19th century, there was an outbreak of Malaria and Cholera in the Nederlandsch Indie region, including the Cirebon Residency. As a result, during epidemics, people died like rats. This was the situation faced by NZV missionaries. How did the NZV missionaries respond to this problem? By using the historical method, I found several facts that the NZV missionaries, especially Verhoeven, had contributed greatly to developing public health in the Cirebon Residency. Verhoeven through medical services was also able to arouse the philanthropic spirit of European entrepreneurs to establish an auxiliary hospital in Cideres and support monthly operational costs so that health services were provided free of charge.
Peasant Mobility and Migration Strategies in Early Modern South Bohemia
Authors: Grulich Josef 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on migration strategies as exemplified by the Bohemian estate of České Budějovice in the second half of the eighteenth century. Formally, until 1781, the peasant population in Bohemia was bound by serfdom, which has until recently been believed to have considerably curtailed its mobility. The research in this article is based mainly on letters releasing people from serfdom and on registers of births, marriages and deaths. The article seeks to explain the migration strategies of the inhabitants of villages located near a major urban centre. It examines the migrants’ motivations and how they sought to migrate while complying with legal constraints. It devotes particular attention to work and marriage migration, and discusses migration strategies against the background of how Early Modern Bohemian society functioned.
Examining patient flow in a tertiary hospital’s emergency department at a low coronavirus prevalence region
Authors: Tseng Wen-Min , Lin Po-Hsiang , Wu Pin-Chieh , Kao Chih-Hsiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundTaiwan’s successful containment of the COVID-19 outbreak prior to 2021 provided a unique environment for the surveillance of unnecessary emergency medical use. The aim of the study is to examine the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the patient flow in the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary hospital over 1 year in southern Taiwan, a region with low COVID-19 prevalence.MethodsCross-sectional observational study was conducted from January to December 2020. Essential parameters of patient flow in the ED between January and February 2020 and the subsequent 11-month period were compared to data from 2019. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, using an independent samplet-test or Mann–Whitney U test, as applicable.ResultsThe ED census showed an acute decline (− 30.8%) from January to February 2020, reaching its nadir (− 40.5%) in April 2020. From February to December 2020, there was an average decrease of 20.3% in ED attendance (p < 0.001). The impact was most significant in ambulatory visits, lower-urgency acuity (level III) visits, and pediatric visits, without change in the acuity proportion. The length of stay shortened mainly in the adult division, which typically had an overcrowding problem (median, 5.7–4.4 hours in discharge; 24.8–16.9 hours in hospitalization;p < 0.001). The incidence of 72-hour unscheduled return visits was also reduced (4.1–3.5%,p = 0.002).ConclusionsIn contrast to devastated regions, the impact on the ED patient flow in regions having low COVID-19 prevalence highlights a remodeling process of emergency medical care that would improve overcrowding.