bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retina-inspired controllable neuromorphic vision organic sensors with ultraweak ultraviolet detection
Authors: Ji Deyang , Jiang Ting , Wang Yiru , Zheng Yingshuang , Wang Le , He Xiang , Deng Yunfeng , Dong Huanli , Li Liqiang , Tian Hongkun , Geng Yanhou , Xie Linghai , Ling Haifeng , Hu Wenping 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sensing and recognizing invisible ultraviolet (UV) light is vital for exploiting advanced artificial visual perception system with tetrachromacy. However, due to the uncertainty of the natural environment, the UV signal is very hard to be detected and perceived. Here, we report a controllable UV-ultrasensitive neuromorphic vision sensor (NeuVS) that uses organic phototransistors (OPTs) as working unit to integrate sensing, memory and processing functions. Benefiting from asymmetric molecular structure and unique UV absorption of the active layer, the as fabricated UV-ultrasensitive NeuVS can detect the illumination intensity of 370 nm UV-light as low as 31 nw cm-2 and exhibit one of the best optical figures of merit in UV-sensitive neuromorphic vision sensors. Furthermore, the NeuVS array exbibits good image sensing and memorization capability due to its ultrasensitive optical detection and large density of charge trapping states. In addition, the wavelength-selective response and multi-level optical memory properties are utilized to construct an artificial neural network (ANN) for extraction and identification of invisible UV information. The NeuVS array can extract UV handwritten digit from the original color image by filtering red, green and blue (RGB) noise, and significantly improve the recognition accuracy from 46% to 90%.
Potential factors associated with the blood metal concentrations of reproductive-age women in Taiwan
Authors: Ying Tsung-Ho , Huang Chun-Jui , Hsieh Chia-Jung , Wu Pei-Ju , Yeh Chang-Ching , Hung Ping-Kun , Chang Wei-Hsiang , Wu Meng-Hsing , Hung Hsin , Chang Jung-Wei , Wang Chen-Tai , Arcega Rachelle D. , Mahmudiono Trias , Lee Ching-Chang , Chen Hsiu-Ling 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Exposure of reproductive-age women to toxic trace elements warrants attention because of their negative effects. This study aimed to investigate the levels of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) in the blood of 837 Taiwanese childbearing-age women and establish the correlation between their dietary pattern and heavy metal concentration. The concentrations of Cd and Pb were significantly higher in nonpregnant women than in pregnant women (Cd: 2.41 µg/L vs. 2.12 µg/L; Pb: 0.83 µg/dL vs. 0.73 µg/dL), whereas the concentration of Cr was significantly lower in nonpregnant women than in pregnant women (Cr: 0.98 µg/L vs. 1.05 µg/L). Otherwise, no significant differences in As (9.02 µg/L vs. 9.51 µg/L) and Hg (3.71 µg/L vs. 3.79 µg/L) were found between the nonpregnant and pregnant women. Overall, the levels of As, Hg, and Cd were higher in women from Taiwan than in those from other countries, and the blood metal concentrations of Cd and Hg showed a decreasing trend in the different pregnancy stages. The levels of As and Hg were highly correlated with seafood intake. Finally, lifestyle habits, such as burning incense usage and Chinese herb intake may contribute to metal accumulation in maternal or reproductive-age women. Preventive risk communication and educational strategies should be applied to these subgroups in view of food safety and public health concern.
The First Successful Desensitization Protocol in Exenatide Allergy: A Case Report
Authors: Yeğit Osman Ozan , Sarıbeyliler Göktuğ , Karadağ Pelin , Demir Semra , Gül Nurdan , Ünal Derya , Gelincik Aslı 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are important treatment options in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. To date, few immediate allergic reactions due to GLP1 analogues were reported. One report revealed that a patient with an immediate hypersensitivity reaction due to exenatide was able to tolerate liraglutide, the alternative GLP-1 receptor agonist. Since exenatide is the only available GLP-1 receptor agonist covered by insurance in our country, a drug desensitization protocol, the only therapeutic method in hypersensitivity reactions used in case of absence of an alternative drug, was considered. Here we report a successful desensitization protocol for the first time in two obese diabetic patients with an immediate hypersensitivity to exenatide.
Case presentation: The first patient was a 47-year-old female. She was referred to our outpatient allergy clinic because of a generalized urticaria developed within minutes in the first week of an exenatide BID 5 mcg/20 mcl treatment. The second patient was a 46-year-old female. She had a large local immediate injection site reaction appeared in 15 minutes following an exenatide BID 5 mcg/20 mcl injection for a month. We applied desensitization with exenatide to two patients who need GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment. Protocol was completed in 7 steps in approximately 3 hours, with the aim of reaching the daily dosage of exenatide. Throughout this process, we observed that both cases tolerated the protocol without any complaints or complications.
Conclusions: We present the first successful desensitization protocol to exenatide in both local and/or systemic immediate hypersensitivity reactions and indicate the importance of desensitization in patients who do not have alternative therapies.
Urinary bis(monacylglycerol) phosphate (BMP) levels are higher in LRRK2 and GBA1 variant carriers but do not predict disease progression in PPMI cohorts
Authors: Merchant Kalpana , Simuni Tanya , Fedler Janel , Caspell-Garcia Chelsea , Brumm Michael , Nudelman Kelly , Tengstrand Elizabeth , Hsieh Frank , Alcalay Roy , Coffey Chris , Chahine Lana , Foroud Tatiana , Singleton Andrew , weintraub daniel , Hutten Samantha , Sherer Todd , Siderowf Andrew , Mollenhauer Brit , Tanner Caroline , Marek Ken 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We quantified concentrations of three isoforms of the endolysosomal lipid, bis(monoacylglycerol) phosphate (BMP) in urine of deeply phenotyped cohorts in the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative: LRRK2 G2019S PD (N = 134) and non-manifesting carriers (NMC) (G2019S + NMC; N = 182), LRRK2 R1441G PD (N = 15) and R1441G + NMC (N = 15), GBA1 N409S PD (N = 76) and N409S + NMC (N = 178), sporadic PD (sPD, N = 379) and healthy controls (HC) (N = 190). Effects of each mutation and disease status were analyzed using nonparametric methods. Longitudinal changes in BMP levels were analyzed using linear mixed models. At baseline, all LRRK2 carriers had 3-7x higher BMP levels compared to HC, irrespective of the disease status. GBA1 N409S carriers also showed significant, albeit smaller, elevation (~ 30–40%) in BMP levels compared to HC. In LRRK2 G2019S PD, urinary BMP levels remained stable over two years. Furthermore, baseline BMP levels did not predict disease progression as measured by striatal DaT imaging, MDS-UPDRS III Off or MoCA in any of the cohorts. These data support the utility of BMP as a target modulation biomarker in therapeutic trials of genetic and sPD but not as a prognostic or disease progression biomarker.
QTL mapping of oleic acid content in modern VNIIMK sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. ) lines by using GBS-based SNP map
Authors: Gubaev Rim , Boldyrev Stepan , Martynova Elena , Chernova Alina , Kovalenko Tatyana , Chebanova Yuliya , Peretyagina Tatyana , Goryunova Svetlana , Goryunov Denis , Mukhina Zhanna , Ben Cecile , Gentzbittel Laurent , Khaitovich Philipp , Demurin Yakov 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid increasing oil oxidative stability. High content of oleic acid is thus a valuable trait in oilseed crops. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) normally accumulates linoleic acid as a major fatty acid, but a mutant expressing a high oleic phenotype form was previously obtained by chemical mutagenesis and mapped on the sunflower genome. Several studies suggest the presence of additional genes involved in the control of the high content of oleic acid, with their expression possibly depending on the genetic background. To test this hypothesis, we performed a QTL mapping of the high oleic acid trait within two independent F2 crosses involving lines with contrasting oleic acid content from the Pustovoit All-Russia Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK) collection. We applied genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) to construct single nucleotide polymorphism-based genetic maps and performed QTL mapping using quantitative and qualitative encoding for oleic acid content. Our results support the finding that the oleic acid content in the assessed crosses is controlled by one major effect locus. However, different dominant/recessive effects of the major locus were reported for both crosses. Additionally, a possible translocation between chromosome 7 and 14 was reported in one assessed cross. We defined a set of single nucleotide polymorphism markers for each cross which could be used for marker-assisted selection.
A dual deep neural network for auto-delineation in cervical cancer radiotherapy with clinical validation
Authors: Nie Shihong , Zhao Fen , Wei Yuanfeng , Dong Ya , Chen Yan , Li Qiaoqi , Du Wei , Li Xin , Yang Xi , Li Zhiping 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background and purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms are capable of automatically detecting contouring boundaries in medical images. However, the algorithms impact on clinical practice of cervical cancer are unclear. We aimed to develop an AI-assisted system for automatic contouring of the clinical target volume (CTV) and organs-at-risk (OARs) in cervical cancer radiotherapy and conduct clinical-based observations.
Materials and methods: We first retrospectively collected data of 203 patients with cervical cancer from three groups (A, B, C). The proposed method named as SegNet was developed and trained with different data groups. Quantitative metrics and clinical-based grading were used to evaluate differences between several groups of automatic contours. Then, 20 additional cases were conducted to compare the workload and quality of AI-assisted contours with manual delineation from scratch.
Results: For automatic CTVs, SegNet trained with incorporating multi-group data achieved 0.85±0.01, which was statistically better than SegNet independently trained with the single group A (0.82±0.04), B (0.82±0.03) or C (0.81±0.04). The clinical-based grading also showed that SegNet trained with multi-group data obtained better performance of 352/360 relative to it trained with the single group A (334/360), B (333/360) or C (320/360). The manual revision time for automatic CTVs (OARs not yet include) was 9.54±2.42 minutes relative to fully manual delineation with 30.95 ± 15.24 minutes.
Conclusion: The proposed SegNet can improve the performance at automatic delineation for cervical cancer radiotherapy by incorporating multi-group data. It is clinically applicable that the AI-assisted system can shorten manual delineation time at no expense of quality.
Changing the game in purchasing health services: findings from a provider-purchaser engagement in Kenya
Authors: Kazungu Jacob , Mbithi Leonora , Onyes Uju , Nwaononiwu Ebubechi , Marangu Moses , Mamo Anabay , Nyalita Anastasia , Mbuthia Boniface , Musuva Anne , Bodunrin Oludare , Kwesiga Brendan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Kenya has committed to achieving universal health coverage (UHC) by 2030 and has prioritized purchasing reforms. Enhancing effective provider-purchaser engagements is quintessential to transitioning to strategic purchasing reforms on provider selection or empanelment, benefits package design and provider payments mechanism. This study assessed the challenges hindering effective provider-purchaser engagement in Kenya and proposed actionable solutions to policymakers and actors.
Methods: The study applied a cross-sectional qualitative study design. Data was collected using interviews – incorporating both focus group discussions (FGDs), in-depth interviews (IDIs) and a consensus-building workshop with stakeholders representing healthcare providers, medical professional bodies, the National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF – at county/branch and national level), health insurance beneficiaries, the Council of Governors (COG) and the ministry of health (MOH). Purposive sampling was employed to select stakeholder representatives for each of the stakeholder clusters.
Results: Provider-purchaser challenges were identified to result from 1) human resource gaps (understaffing and staff turnover), 2) infrastructure gaps (both hardware and software), 3) knowledge and skill gaps, and 4) governance issues attributed to bureaucratic processes, poor accountability mechanisms and poor mechanisms of communication between providers and purchasers.
Providers and purchasers emphasized the need for 1) automation of processes, 2) review of provider payment mechanisms (PPMs), 3) regular capacity building of providers, 4) effective communication and accountability and 5) development of public-private contracting frameworks as key actionable solutions for implementation.
Conclusion: Challenges hindering effective provider-purchaser engagements result largely from human resources, infrastructure, capacity, communication and accountability gaps. Reforms aimed at addressing these gaps must focus on building staff capacity in the payment process , employment or prioritization of staff to the payment process, adoption of information systems or technology to automate processes (both on empanelment and payment) and establishment of working communication channels (both automated and in-person processes) that are regular. Such reforms should be tailored to the stakeholders' actions and monitored to ensure adequate implementation to enhance provider-purchaser engagements.
Orbital Angular Momentum in the near-field of a fork grating
Authors: Dettlaff Krispin , Zolliker Peter , Mavrona Elena , Hack Erwin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Light beams that carry Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) are explored in applications from microscopy to quantum communication. At the same time, a revival of the Talbot effect is seen in modern optics from atomic systems to x-ray phase contrast interferometry. In this paper, we link these two phenomena through a symbiotic interaction in the THz range by means of binary amplitude fork gratings. While the assessment of OAM in the far-field diffraction orders of a fork grating is well-established, here we show how the topological charge of the diffracted beam can be evidenced in the near-field by means of the Talbot effect. For this purpose, the evolution of the diffracted beam behind the fork grating is analysed in Fourier domain. We obtain the typical donut-shaped power distribution and isolate the inherent phase vortex using the Fourier phase retrieval method.
Facile preparation of high performance low concentration HCHO degradation catalyst from waste Li-MnO2 batteries
Authors: Liu WanTong , Yu Tian Shou , Dai Zhifeng , Zhang Ming , Jin Hongxiao , Ge Hongliang , Wang Xinqing , Jin Dingfeng , Lou Hui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The recycling and utilization of lithium-ion batteries has received a lot of attention. The use of recycled waste lithium-manganese batteries to degrade formaldehyde contaminated gas by adsorption is certainly killing two birds with one stone. In this paper, efficient catalysts capable of degrading formaldehyde were obtained using lithium-manganese button batteries being discharged to different levels and then recovering the cathode material by a simple method and labelled as LixMnO2 (x = 0.00; 0.25; 0.50; 0.75; 1.00). The fully discharged cathode material Li1.00-MnO2 degraded formaldehyde at nearly 100% (less than 0.1 ppm) within 24 h at room temperature, which is twice the degradation rate of the undischarged cathode material. The high degradation efficiency is attributed to the continuous doping of Li+ as the discharge proceeds and the conversion of Mn(IV) to Mn(III), so the lattice gap, defects, surface oxygen species and specific surface area of the catalyst increase. and the surface oxygen involved in the degradation of formaldehyde increases. The catalytic activity of the catalyst for formaldehyde gradually increased with the discharge, promoting the catalytic degradation effect. The degradation rate of formaldehyde at low concentrations was close to 100% within 24 hours. This study provides an attractive approach for converting lithium battery electrode materials into formaldehyde degradation catalysts to improve the indoor environment.
Ultra-broadband polarization-independent omnidirectional reflectors via dielectric-reversal quasicrystal heterostructure multilayer films
Authors: WANG HUANHUAN , GUO XIAOFAN , ZHAO XIANG , DONG GUOYAN 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Since quasicrystals provide additional freedom to expand photonic bandgap, dielectric quasi-periodic sequences of broadbands become crucial for implementing low-loss omnidirectional reflectors or filters. The current major challenge is to find an elegant scheme to construct angle-insensitive multilayer structures with fewer layer numbers. In this work, we create an appealing quasiperiodic ordering of the dielectric-reversal Fibonacci sequence to optimize the properties of omnidirectional reflectors. We have concatenated it to a periodic sequence to construct the omnidirectional reflector of hybrid multilayers with thin thickness and reflectivity above 99% over a visible scope from 436 nm to 559 nm. An ultrabroad polarization-independent omnidirectional bandgap of the relative bandwidth of 39.8% has been achieved by cascading two dielectric-reversal ordering sequences. The self-similarity of Fibonacci multilayer structures along with this characteristic quasiperiodic order guarantees the existence of perfect omnidirectional reflections at any scale. This ordering strategy of dielectric-reverse essentially differs from previous conjugate and recursion methods, which will significantly enrich the variety of quasiperiodic orders in theory and applied science domains.
RNA interference targeting hepatic angiopoietin-like protein 3 results in prolonged reductions in serum triglyceride and non-HDL-cholesterol concentrations: first human results with ARO-ANG3
Authors: Watts Gerald , Schwabe Christian , Scott Russell , Gladding Patrick , Sullivan David , Baker John , Clifton Peter , Given Bruce , Hamilton James , Melquist Stacey , Chang Ting , Zhou Rong , Martin Javier San , Gaudet Daniel , Goldberg Ira , Knowles Joshua , Hegele Robert , Ballantyne Christie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Elevated triglycerides and non-HDL-cholesterol (C) are risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). AROANG3 is a RNA interference therapy targeting hepatocyte production of angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), a regulator of lipoprotein metabolism. This Phase 1 trial (NCT03747224) investigated single and repeat doses of AROANG3 in healthy volunteers and repeat doses in subjects with hepatic steatosis. AROANG3 was well tolerated without adverse changes in liver fat in steatotic subjects. In healthy volunteers, ARO-ANG3 produced reductions in ANGPTL3 (mean − 45% to -78%) 12 weeks post-dose. Concurrent reductions in triglycerides (median 34% to 54%) and nonHDL-C (mean 18% to 29%) were observed with the 3 highest doses. Reduced LDL-C was seen with repeat dosing. The data support ANGPTL3 as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of ASCVD.
Obesity and hyperlipidemia aggravate serum amino acid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Xia Hui , Wang Ying , Yu Junhui , Pan Da , Lu Yifei , Xu Dengfeng , Wang Shaokang , Yang Ligang , Sun Guiju 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aims: Obesity and dyslipidemia are risk factors for insulin resistance and T2D development. The potential mechanism of progression of diabetes by the metabolomics approach is still unclear. This cross-sectional study aims to identify the metabolites related to T2D and T2D combined with obesity or hyperlipidemia.
Materials and methods: 58 T2D patients were allocated to 3 groups (T2D (n=20), T2D + obesity (n=12), T2D + hyperlipidemia groups (n=26)). An age-matched healthy subjects were recruited as the control group (n=20). The fasting serum was obtained for cytokine detection and metabolomics analysis.
Results: The highest levels of serum growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) were found in the patients with T2D and obesity. Finally, 20 metabolites between the T2D + obesity and Healthy control groups, 32 metabolites between the T2D + hyperlipidemia and Healthy control groups, 11 metabolites between the T2D + obesity and the T2D groups, and 13 metabolites between the T2D + hyperlipidemia and the T2D groups were found significantly distinct. Amino acid metabolism was disturbed for patients with T2D with/without obesity or hyperlipidemia mainly including D-glutamine and D-glutamate, taurine and hypotaurine, beta-alanine, alanine, aspartate and glutamate, arginine and proline, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. In addition, beta-alanine, glycine, serine and threonine, arginine and proline, and pyruvate metabolism may be involved in the patients with T2D with obesity or hyperlipidemia compared with patients with T2D.
Conclusions: Overall, obesity and hyperlipidemia may aggravate the progression of T2D by disruption of amino acid metabolism.
Neutrophil to High-density Lipoprotein ratio (NHR) as a Potential Predictor of Disease severity and survival time in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Authors: Kong Yu , Chen Zhongyun , Zhang Jing , Wu Liyong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal and irreversible neurodegenerative disease. Identification of inexpensive and easy-to-implement biomarkers of CJD which could predict disease severity and patient survival is important for improving disease management. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of peripheral neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), monocyte to HDL ratio (MHR) and neutrophil to HDL ratio (NHR) for CJD.
Methods: Patients with definite or probable CJD admitted to the Neurology Department of Xuanwu Hospital from 2014 to 2021 were enrolled and followed up until April 2022. Clinical information including sex, age, Barth Index, survival time and results of auxiliary examination were collected, and NLR, HDL, NHR and MHR were measured for all enrolled patients. The associations between NLR, HDL, NHR and MHR, and disease severity (evaluated by Barth Index), survival time and auxiliary examinations were evaluated.
Results: A total of 88 CJD patients were enrolled and all were deceased. NLR (r=-0.341, p=0.001), NHR (r=-0.346, p=0.001) and MHR (r=-0.327, p=0.002) were significantly associated with disease severity. Higher NHR (HR=2.344, 95% CI=1.277-4.303 p=0.006) and lower HDL (HR=0.567, 95% CI=0.346-0.930, p=0.025) were associated with shorter survival time in the CJD patients.
Conclusions: Peripheral inflammatory biomarkers can potentially predict disease severity and prognosis in CJD patients. NHR in particular is significantly associated with disease severity and survival duration. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms and treatment strategies of CJD.