bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The evolution of plant proton pump regulation via the R domain may have facilitated plant terrestrialization
Authors: Stéger Anett , Hayashi Maki , Lauritzen Emil Wacenius , Herburger Klaus , Shabala Lana , Wang Cuiwei , Bendtsen Amalie Kofoed , Nørrevang Anton Frisgaard , Madriz-Ordeñana Kenneth , Ren Shichao , Trinh Mai Duy Luu , Thordal‑Christensen Hans , Fuglsang Anja Thoe , Shabala Sergey , Østerberg Jeppe Thulin , Palmgren Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPases are the electrogenic proton pumps that export H+ from plant and fungal cells to acidify the surroundings and generate a membrane potential. Plant PM H+-ATPases are equipped with a C‑terminal autoinhibitory regulatory (R) domain of about 100 amino acid residues, which could not be identified in the PM H+-ATPases of green algae but appeared fully developed in immediate streptophyte algal predecessors of land plants. To explore the physiological significance of this domain, we created in vivo C-terminal truncations of autoinhibited PM H+‑ATPase2 (AHA2), one of the two major isoforms in the land plant Arabidopsis thaliana. As more residues were deleted, the mutant plants became progressively more efficient in proton extrusion, concomitant with increased expansion growth and nutrient uptake. However, as the hyperactivated AHA2 also contributed to stomatal pore opening, which provides an exit pathway for water and an entrance pathway for pests, the mutant plants were more susceptible to biotic and abiotic stresses, pathogen invasion and water loss, respectively. Taken together, our results demonstrate that pump regulation through the R domain is crucial for land plant fitness and by controlling growth and nutrient uptake might have been necessary already for the successful water-to-land transition of plants.
Stable and unstable capillary fingering in porous media with a gradient in grain size
Authors: Vincent-Dospital Tom , Moura Marcel , Toussaint Renaud , Måløy Knut Jørgen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMultiphase flows in complex porous networks occur in many natural processes and engineering applications. We present an analytical, experimental and numerical investigation of slow drainage in porous media that exhibit a gradient in grain size. We show that the effect of such structural gradient is similar to that of an external force field on the obtained drainage patterns, when it either stabilises or destabilises the invasion front. For instance, gravity can enhance or reverse the drainage pattern in graded porous media. In particular, we show that the width of stable drainage fronts scales both with the spatial gradient of the necessary pressure for pore invasion and with the local distribution of this (disordered) threshold. The scaling exponent results from percolation theory and is − 0.57 for 2D systems. Overall, introducing a dimensionless Fluctuation number, we propose a unifying theory for the up-scaling of dual immiscible fluid flows covering most classical scenarii.
Feasibility of gasifying mixed plastic waste for hydrogen production and carbon capture and storage
Authors: Lan Kai , Yao Yuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWaste plastic gasification for hydrogen production combined with carbon capture and storage is one technology option to address the plastic waste challenge. Here, we conducted a techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment to assess this option. The minimum hydrogen selling price of a 2000 oven-dry metric ton/day mixed plastic waste plant with carbon capture and storage is US$2.26–2.94 kg−1 hydrogen, which can compete with fossil fuel hydrogen with carbon capture and storage (US$1.21–2.62 kg−1 hydrogen) and current electrolysis hydrogen (US$3.20–7.70 kg−1 hydrogen). An improvement analysis outlines the roadmap for reducing the average minimum hydrogen selling price from US$2.60 to US$1.46 kg−1 hydrogen, which can be further lowered to US$1.06 kg−1 hydrogen if carbon credits are close to the carbon capture and storage costs along with low feedstock cost. The life cycle assessment results show that hydrogen derived from mixed plastic waste has lower environmental impacts than single-stream plastics.
Two reference vector sets based evolutionary algorithm for many‐objective optimization
Authors: Qin Cifeng , Ming Fei , Gong Wenyin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSolving many‐objective optimization problems (MaOPs) by means of evolutionary algorithms obtains considerable attention in the community of evolutionary computation. However, it is a difficult task to effectively handle MaOPs with both regular and irregular Pareto front (PF) shapes. In this paper, a novel two reference vector sets based evolutionary algorithm, referred to as TVEA, is proposed to solve both types of MaOPs. TVEA can be featured as i) two independent reference vector sets are used, where the regular reference vector set is used for the regular PF MaOPs and the irregular one is used for the irregular PF MaOPs; ii) according to the two reference vector sets, TVEA automatically detects the PF shape of a MaOP at hand; iii) a new delete‐and‐add strategy is proposed to adaptively update the irregular reference vector set; iv) a novel environmental selection strategy is developed to handle the irregular PF MaOPs. TVEA is extensively evaluated on 23 benchmark MaOPs with both regular and irregular PF shapes. The results indicate that TVEA can correctly detect the PF shape of MaOPs to be solved. Compared with other state‐of‐the‐art algorithms, TVEA obtains better or at least competitive results on both types of MaOPs.
Anti‐forensics for double JPEG compression based on deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Tang Weixuan , Huang Dequ , Li Bin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDJPEG (double JPEG compression) detection has received attention in image forensics. In order to study the limitations of forensics detectors under attacks, it is essential to develop DJPEG anti‐forensics techniques. Compared with anti‐forensics operations performed in spatial domain, existing DCT‐based methods have not brought their potential to full play due to the difficulty of directly manipulating DCT coefficients. In recent years, DRL (deep reinforcement learning) has developed rapidly in image‐related tasks. Its ability of decision making can turn an unpredictable restoration step into multiple simple trial‐and‐error modification steps. In this paper, it is investigated how to efficiently modify DCT coefficients for anti‐forensics purpose with the help of DRL, and propose a method called AFDJ‐DRL (Anti‐forensics Framework for DJPEG based on DRL). Specifically, an agent utilizes a policy network to extract DCT inter‐block and intra‐block features and learn a coefficient‐level policy. An environment assigns rewards from multiple sources. Via maximizing such rewards, the agent can learn to modify DCT coefficients in several rounds to obtain images with anti‐forensics capability. Experimental results show that the AFDJ‐DRL is superior to existing DCT‐based methods, and can be applied as a post‐processing step for spatial ones for further performance improvement.
Global kinematics study of OH masers in W49N
Authors: Mendoza-Torres J. E. , Juárez-Gama M. , Rodríguez-Esnard I. T. 
Published: November 2022

Context. Star formation is underway in the W49N molecular cloud (MC) at a high level of efficiency, with almost twenty ultra-compact (UC) HII regions observed thus far, indicating a recent formation of massive stars. Previous works have suggested that this cloud is undergoing a global contraction.
Aims. We analyse the data on OH masers in the molecular cloud W49N, observed with the VLBA at the 1612, 1665, and 1667 MHz transitions in left circular polarization (LCP) and right circular polarization (RCP) with an aim to study the global kinematics of the masers.
Methods. We carried out our study based on the locations and observed velocities of the maser spots, Vobs. We found the location (α, δ)m of the maximum correlation between V = Vobs−Vsys (with Vsys the systemic velocity) and distance to it. The velocities were fitted to the straight line of Vobs−Vsys versus d(α,δ)m, resulting in Vftd. The difference between the fitted values and those obtained from observations is ∆ V = (Vobs−Vsys)-Vftd. The Vobs−Vsys velocity shows a gradient as a function of the distance to (α, δ)m, where the closer spots have the largest velocities. Spots with similar velocities are located in different sectors, with respect to (α, δ)m. Then, we assumed that the spots are moving towards a contraction centre (CCOH), which is at the apex of a CONUS. We also assumed that the distance of each spot to CCOH is dcc = √2 d(α,δ)m and that they fall with a velocity Vcc = √2Vftd, with the total velocity being VTot = Vcc + √2 Δ V. Using this velocity, we estimated the free-fall velocity.
Results. The coordinates of (α, δ)m are effectively (α2000 = 19:10:13.1253, δ2000 = 9:6:13.570). The observed dispersion with respect to the global trend against dcc, shows a maximum at 0.12 pc, with a decay from 0.12 to 0.19 pc, which is faster than that taking place between 0.19 and 0.42 pc. Based on VTot, an inner mass of Minn = 2500 M⊙ was estimated. In addition, the estimated accretion rate is Ṁ = 1.4×10−3 M⊙yr−1, which requires a time of tinn = 1.8×106 yr to accumulate Minn. The free-fall time, assuming n = 1×10−4 cm−3, is tff = 3.4×105 yr. Performing the same procedure with published data that are of lower spatial resolution (than the VLBA data) produces similar results. For example, based on the available data, we find that (α, δ)m = (19:10:13.1392, 9:6:13.4387) J2000, which is at ≲ 0.3 asec from what has been calculated with the VLBA data, with an estimated inner mass of 2700 M⊙. A sub-collapse appears to be taking place in the region traced by the OH maser spots. Based on methanol maser cloudlets data, which lie in a smaller region, another possible centre of contraction is identified, which could be due to a sub-collapse towards a 75 M⊙ inner mass.
Conclusions. The velocities of the OH spots at W49N, along with their positions with respect to (α, δ)m, make it possible to trace a global kinematics that is apparently due to a sub-collapse in the W49N MC.
Uniform boundedness for the optimal controls of a discontinuous, non-convex Bolza problem,
Authors: Bettiol Piernicola , Mariconda Carlo 
Published: November 2022

We consider a Bolza type optimal control problem of the form
[see formula in PDF]
Subject to:

[see formula in PDF]
where Λ(s, y, u) is locally Lipschitz in s, just Borel in (y, u), b has at most a linear growth and both the Lagrangian Λ and the end-point cost function g may take the value +∞. If b ≡ 1, g ≡ 0, (Pt, x) is the classical problem of the Calculus of Variations. We suppose the validity of a slow growth condition in u, introduced by Clarke in 1993, including Lagrangians of the type
[see formula in PDF] and [see formula in PDF] and the superlinear case. We show that, if Λ is real valued, any family of optimal pairs (y*, u*) for (Pt,x) whose energy Jt(y*, u*) is equi-boundcd as (t, x) vary in a compact set, has L∞ – equibounded controls. Moreover, if Λ is extended valued, the same conclusion holds under an additional lower semicontinuity assumption on (s, u) ↦ Λ(s, y, u) and requiring a condition on the structure of the effective domain. No convexity, nor local Lipschitzianity is assumed on the variables (y, u). As an application we obtain the local Lipschitz continuity of the value function under slow growth assumptions.
Palladium-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation and Acetylation of N-Heteroarenes with Sodium Hydride as the Reductant
Authors: Luo Fan , Chen Xiaobei , Hu Ying , Zhang Shilei , Hu Yanwei , Yu Jing , Yin Yuejia , Hu Xiaoxiao , Liu Xuejun , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn efficient and convenient palladium-catalyzed reductive system by employing sodium hydride as the hydrogen donor and acetic anhydride as an activator has been developed for transfer hydrogenation and acetylation of a wide range of N-heteroarenes including quinoline, phthalazine, quinoxaline, phenazine, phenanthridine, and indole. Moreover, acridine substrates could be directly reduced without the use of acetic anhydride. This protocol provides a simple method for the preparation of various saturated N-heterocycles.
Granulocyte Transfusion Therapy: Institutional Experience of Benefit in Cancer Patients with Prolonged Neutropenic Sepsis—A Retrospective Study
Authors: Shrivastava Shiv Prasad , Elhence Aditya , Jinwala Prutha , Bansal Shashank , Chitalkar Prakash , Bhatnagar Shweta , Patidar Rajesh , Asati Vikas , Reddy Pradeep Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction Patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy for hematological malignancy and stem cell transplantation are at increased risk of neutropenia.Neutropenia is among the frequent side effects of intensive treatments, and when absolute neutrophil count (ANC) falls < 500/µL, the risk of microbial and fungal infection increases significantly.As neutropenia is the main cause of these infections, transfusion of granulocyte immediately as a replacement is a life-saving therapeutic option to support these patients by restoring neutrophil counts and aiding in the resolution of infection.
Objective The present study is a retrospective single institutional analysis of granulocyte transfusion therapy in children and young adults with cancer who received treatment with GT during prolonged and profound life threatening neutropenia.
Materials and Methods This study was a retrospective analysis of 66 granulocyte transfusions in 36 patients of hematological and solid malignancy with severe and prolonged neutropenia in the department of Medical Oncology, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences Indore, between September 2019 and March 2022.Donors were either patients' relatives or voluntary donors without comorbidities.All granulocyte concentrates were collected by centrifugation leukapheresis and irradiated with 2500 centigray and immediately transfused in full, to the patient over 60 ot 120 minutes with appropriate premedication.
Results A total of 36 patients (M:F, 19:17) with a median age of 16 years (2–43) received 66 granulocyte transfusions. The diagnosis of patients included acute myelogenous leukemia (n = 17), B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 10), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 3), Ewing's sarcoma (n = 2), neuroblastoma (n = 1), malignant melanoma (n = 1), aplastic anemia (n = 1), osteosarcoma (n = 1). All had severe neutropenia with absolute neutrophil count < 0.5 × 109/L. The median duration of severe neutropenia was 16 days. Patients received a median cell dose of granulocytes 2.9 × 1010/L. A favorable response was seen in 28 (78%) patients, whereas an unfavorable response was seen in 8 patients (23%).
Conclusion A granulocyte therapy was effective in many critically sick patients with prolonged and profound neutropenia. Granulocyte transfusions may be more beneficial in selected patients where it provides more time to overcome refractory infections with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Granulocyte transfusion are at best a “bridge” that gives time to marrow recovery. The challenges to using GT are clinical, finding patients who may get benefitted, and logistical, selection of donors and harvest technique. Randomized trials with large numbers of patients are required to prepare guidelines for granulocyte use.
Towards a post-age picturebook pedagogy
Authors: Shi Xiaofei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article is one of the first attempts to materialise Joanna Haynes and Karin Murris’ conceptualisation of the post-age pedagogy that focuses on loosening the boundaries of age-based expectation. The project is conducted against the backdrop of the discourse of ageism existing hand-in-hand with various age-transgressive practices. It involved multiple case studies of child and adult readers’ responses to two picturebooks, i.e.,How to Five Forever(1995) andGrandpa Green(2011). The two research questions are: how do children and adults respond toForeverandGrandpa? What is the pattern of similarities and differences in their responses? In addressing these research questions, the present study aims to facilitate the emergence of a post-age picturebook pedagogy. The findings reveal that a post-age picturebook pedagogy should acknowledge the chance of holistic learning opportunities that picturebooks can offer to both children and adults, including, for instance, aesthetic appreciation, literary understanding, emotional engagement, and material experience. Such a pedagogy involves an egalitarian view of child and adult that acknowledges some biologically determined differences subject to the factor of age and meanwhile emphasises their shared humanity and idiosyncrasies, thus undermining the binary division between simple child and sophisticated adult. The material affordances of a picturebook can be deployed to amplify the points of connection and dialogue in child and adult readers’ responses and a post-age picturebook pedagogy should strive to enrich interpretive and experiential possibilities for diverse readerships. In comparison with the existing empirical studies using picturebooks, this project positions adults as readers who can enjoy picturebooks for their own sake rather than co-readers whose responsibility is mainly to facilitate child readers’ learning and development. It stresses and seeks to maximise the potential of picturebooks for creating a beneficial and pleasant experience for all involved, both child and adult, an aspect that has long been overlooked.
Critical junctures beyond the black box
Authors: Ewing Blake , Krawatzek Félix 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Studies of institutional change identify critical junctures from the position of hindsight. But this perspective
prioritises antecedent factors that downplay the role of agency around moments of potential change. This article looks at changes
in the ways in which agents use temporal language to identify events or periods as moments of (possible) juncture. It combines
quantitative and qualitative methods of text analysis, drawing on a corpus of British parliamentary speeches from 1811–2019. The
article first analyses changes in the strategic use of the term crisis over time, paying particular attention to significant
shifts in its politicisation and temporalisation. It then identifies three distinct components to the contestation of crises: over
their identification, evaluation and proposed prescriptions. We suggest that studies of critical juncture ought to focus more on
the use of temporal language around possible junctures to better understand the political dynamics at moments of heightened
uncertainty.
Innovation and change in the event industry
Authors: Marie-Solène Lequeu , Reubeuze Théo , Ward-Perkins David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this case study, two students of events and tourism, coming to the end of their studies, during which they have learnt about the importance of innovation and the impact of digital technologies in the events industry, ask themselves how these issues are perceived in the real, day-to-day world of event management. They contact four recognised experts in the French event industry to question them about current trends and about the driving factors of change.

Information
Based on research and interviews conducted with French event professionals as part of a student project through Skema Business School.
© CAB International 2022
Magnetocaloric effect in multilayers studied by membrane-based calorimetry
Authors: Kulyk M , Persson M , Polishchuk D , Korenivski V 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study magnetic multilayers, incorporating dilute ferromagnetic spacers between strongly-ferromagnetic layers exhibiting a proximity-enhanced magnetocaloric effect (MCE). Using magnetometry and direct measurements of the adiabatic temperature change based on a nanomembrane-calorimetry, we find that the MCE in the studied multilayer is indeed enhanced compared to that in the bulk spacer material. We develop a phenomenological numerical model of the studied trilayer and find that a long-range exchange interaction through the weakly-ferromagnetic spacer is required to adequately describe the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the system.
Quantitative detection of multi-frequency disturbance signal by ϕ-OTDR system
Authors: Wang Ya-Jun , Liu Bin , Liu Juan , Yuan Jinhui , Fu Yanjun , He Xing-Dao , Wu Qiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Recently, the combination of pattern recognition technology and distributed fiber sensing systems has become increasingly common, so whether the disturbance signal can be well recovered has become increasingly important. To verify the recovery and linear response of a distributed fiber optic sensing system to multi-frequency disturbance signals, a heterodyne coherent detection system for phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry is developed. The output beat signal is extracted using the digital in-phase/quadrature demodulation algorithm. The signal can be precisely located on a 7 km length range, and the disturbance signal can be restored well through the phase information. Not only the superposition signal composed of the same signal but also that composed of different kinds of signals can be successfully restored. A fast Fourier transform algorithm is used to obtain the frequency information of the superimposed signal. Combined with the use of a finite impulse response filter, the superposed signal is decomposed according to its frequency components, which perfectly restores the two signals before they are superimposed. In addition, their amplitude is highly linear with the driving voltage of the piezoelectric transducer. The system can fully retain the details of each frequency component in the recovery of multi-frequency disturbance signals. More importantly, in field experiments, the disturbance behavior is well recovered, which has broad prospects in the application of perimeter security.
Axial strain monitoring method of cast-in-place piles based on ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating
Authors: Luo Zhihui , Lin Zekun , Ding Shuai , Xu Bing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The axial strain distribution of cast-in-place piles under the static load test is a reliable basis for analyzing the compressive bearing capacity of the pile foundation. However, it is still difficult to achieve high-precision, high-sensitivity, real-time, and distributed monitoring of the pile foundation at the same time. To improve the monitoring of the stress distributions of the pile foundation, a fixed-point ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating (UWFBG) strain-sensing optical cable is designed on the basis of the large capacity characteristic of UWFBG. The strain sensitivity of this optical cable is 1.15 pm μϵ
−1 within the range of 10 000 μϵ, which meets the accuracy requirements of pile health monitoring. The effectiveness of the designed UWFBG in pile foundation monitoring is verified through a static load test of the cast-in-place pile. The results show that the measured results of UWFBG and BOTDA (Brillouin optical time-domain analysis) have good consistency, and their average error is less than 7.5%. Compared with BOTDA, the UWFBG sensing system exhibits stronger anti-interference capability and faster response. The monitoring method proposed in this paper overcomes the shortcomings of previous monitoring methods in the static load test of the pile. The measured data can be used to calculate the detailed axial strain distribution of piles and analyze the distribution of axial force and side friction resistance of the pile. It not only provides a new monitoring method for static load test of cast-in-place piles, but also has great potential in monitoring large diameter pile.