bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traumatic retroclival hematoma resulting in abducens nerve palsy: illustrative case
Authors: Gharibi Loron Ali , Webb Kevin L. , Naylor Ryan M. , Ahn Edward S. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Posttraumatic retroclival hematomas are rare pathologies among pediatric patients and can result in cranial nerve palsies. The authors sought to survey the literature and characterize the risk factors, treatment considerations, and overall outcomes for pediatric patients experiencing posttraumatic retroclival hematomas.

OBSERVATIONS
A search of the Ovid Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases from January 1986 to May 2024 was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Additionally, the authors report a novel case of pediatric retroclival hematoma. The systematic review identified 41 eligible articles describing 64 individual cases of posttraumatic clival/retroclival hematoma in pediatric patients. The incidence of abducens nerve palsy in the setting of posttraumatic retroclival hematoma was 40%, and the rate of complete recovery of abducens nerve function was 73%. Analyses revealed that a higher initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score correlated with general neurological recovery (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was found in GCS scores between patients with complete and those with incomplete abducens nerve recovery.

LESSONS
There is a high rate of spontaneous recovery of abducens nerve function in patients with abducens palsy in the setting of posttraumatic retroclival hematoma. While initial GCS scores can predict general neurological recovery, factors influencing abducens nerve palsy resolution remain unclear.
https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24474
ПЕРЕДУМОВИ ТА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ СТВОРЕННЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОЇ СЛУЖБИ ПРАВОПОРЯДКУ ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ УКРАЇНИ (1991–2002)
Authors: МИХАЙЛОВ Василь 
Published: January 2025

У статті досліджується становлення системи забезпечення правопорядку у Збройних Силах України. Проаналізовано воєнно-політичні та безпеково-правові передумови, що обумовили створення Військової служби правопорядку Збройних Сил України, провідні політичні, соціально-економічні, міжнародні чинники, що зумовили запровадження спеціального органу забезпечення правопорядку в ЗС України. Аналізуються моделі воєнно-поліцейських органів провідних країн світу, чий досвід враховувався при розбудові Військової служби правопорядку. Окрему увагу автор приділив забезпеченню правопорядку у ЗС України, включаючи розроблення профільного законодавства, формування структури ВСП ЗСУ, визначення її функції та напрямів діяльності.Дослідження охоплює період з 1991 по 2002 р., коли відбувався пошук форм забезпечення правопорядку у військових формуваннях України, законодавче й відомче нормативно-правове оформлення спеціального органу підтримання правопорядку у ЗС України.
ДОСВІД ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ ЧАСТИН І ПІДРОЗДІЛІВ СУХОПУТНИХ ВІЙСЬК ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ УКРАЇНИ В АНТИТЕРОРИСТИЧНІЙ ОПЕРАЦІЇ НА СХОДІ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: НАШИВОЧНІКОВ Олександр 
Published: January 2025

У статті розглянуто проблемні питання, що виникли під час підготовки та застосування частин і підрозділів Сухопутних військ Збройних Сил України в антитерористичній операції, а також шляхи їх вирішення. Одним із ключових викликів, з якими зіткнулися Збройні Сили України у період 2014–2018 рр., була необхідність адекватно реагувати на дії російської армії, що зумовило перегляд деяких правил ведення бойових дій українськими підрозділами.На думку автора, досвід подолання певних вад у застосуванні Сухопутних військ Збройних Сил України у ході антитерористичної операції має сприяти підвищенню ефективності протидії широкомасштабній російській збройній агресії в умовах сьогодення та допоможе краще підготуватися до ефективної протидії будь-яким війнам у майбутньому. У статті використані як загальнонаукові методи аналізу та синтезу, так і спеціальні наукові методи, зокрема історико-генетичний та історико-типологічний.
КУЛЬТУРНЕ ЖИТТЯ УКРАЇНЦІВ У ТАБОРАХ ТИМЧАСОВО ПЕРЕМІЩЕНИХ ОСІБ НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ КРАЇН ЗАХІДНОЇ ЄВРОПИ У ПЕРШІ ПОВОЄННІ рокИ (1945–1947)
Authors: СОРОКІВСЬКА-ОБІХОД Аріадна 
Published: January 2025

У статті описано культурне життя українців у таборах тимчасово переміщених осіб на території країн Західної Європи у повоєнні роки (1945–1947), головними напрямами якого стали: видавнича, освітня діяльність, розвиток мистецтва, театру, спорту, створення культурних, релігійних, наукових осередків, громадських організацій. Із 2,5–3 млн осіб українців, більшість із яких зазнали репатріації до СРСР у 1945 р., у Західній Німеччині залишилося близько 220 тис. українців. У таборах вирувало культурно-мистецьке, наукове та освітнє життя. Українцям вдалося не асимілюватися, а спільними зусиллями «збудувати Україну в мініатюрі», зберегти та примножити її, сформувавши нову політичну українську діаспору, нащадки якої передали поколінням незалежної України історичну спадщину та доклалися до формування сучасної української ідентичності.
ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ НАУКОВО-ДОСЛІДНОГО ЦЕНТРУ ВОЄННОЇ ІСТОРІЇ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ОБОРОНИ УКРАЇНИ ІЗ ВИВЧЕННЯ ПЕРЕБІГУ й ДОСВІДУ РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ (2014–2024)
Authors: ШЕВЧУК Василь , ТАЛАУР Сергій , ПОКОТИЛО Олексій 
Published: January 2025

У статті здійснений наукознавчий аналіз діяльності науково-дослідного центру воєнної історії Національного університету оборони України із вивчення російсько-української війни з 2014 року. До історіографічного доробку Центру віднесено науково-дослідні роботи, монографії, дисертаційні дослідження, інформаційні бюлетені, навчальні посібники, дослідницькі проєкти, історичні нариси, наукові статті. Розглядається тематична спрямованість досліджень та результати наукових пошуків. Науково-дослідний центр воєнної історії зосереджувався на дослідженнях застосування Збройних Сил України в антитерористичній операції (операції Об’єднаних сил) на території Донецької та Луганської областей, при відбитті та стримуванні широкомасштабного вторгнення російської федерації в Україну; вивченні та узагальненні бойового досвіду застосування українських військ (сил) у російсько-українській війні.
Formation Control Design of Fixed-wing UAVs Based on Model Reference Adaptive Control
Authors: Lantos Bela , Kimathi Stephen 
Published: January 2025

Formation control is currently a popular field of research due to the increasing application areas of unmanned aerial vehicles. Of concern is the stability of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) formation while tracking especially under the influence of disturbances, and model parameter uncertainty. Since formation of the UAV formation while tracking, especially flying involves a mutual cooperation, consensus-based techniques are more suited such that a group of UAVs are collectively coordinated to perform some tasks. In this paper, a leader–follower formation control of homogeneous fixed wing UAVs based on model reference adaptive control with an integral error control compensation is presented. Model reference adaptive control is powerful and effective for handling uncertain and varying dynamics. This proposed distributed composite control strategy with a directed graph topology, although model-dependent can be effective to suppress disturbances affecting the vehicles, while achieving consensus-based tracking of a reference path. The numerical simulation results given show the applicability of this proposed control strategy.
Development of an interpretable model for foot soft tissue stiffness based on gait plantar pressure analysis
Authors: Bai Xiaotian , Hou Xiao , Lv Dazhi , Wei Jialin , Song Yiling , Tang Zhengyan , Huo Hongfeng , Liu Jingmin 
Published: January 2025

PurposePlantar soft tissue properties affect foot biomechanics during movement. This study aims to explore the relationship between plantar pressure features and soft tissue stiffness through interpretable neural network model. The findings could inform orthotic insole design.MethodsA sample of 30 healthy young male subjects with normal feet were recruited (age 23.56 ± 3.28 years, height 1.76 ± 0.04 m, weight 72.21 ± 5.69 kg). Plantar pressure data were collected during 5 trials at the subjects’ preferred walking speed (1.15 ± 0.04 m/s). Foot soft tissue stiffness was recorded using a MyotonPRO biological soft tissue stiffness meter before each walking trial. A backpropagation neural network, optimized by integrating particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm, was constructed to predict foot soft tissue stiffness using plantar pressure data collected during walking. Mean impact value analysis was conducted in parallel to investigate the relative importance of different plantar pressure features.ResultsThe predicted values for the training set are slightly higher than the actual values (MBE = 0.77N/m, RMSE = 11.89 N/m), with a maximum relative error of 7.82% and an average relative error of 1.98%, and the predicted values for the test set are slightly lower than the actual values (MBE = −4.43N/m, RMSE = 14.73 N/m), with a maximum relative error of 7.35% and an average relative error of 2.55%. Regions with highest contribution rates to foot soft tissue stiffness prediction were the third metatarsal (13.58%), fourth metatarsal (14.71%), midfoot (12.43%) and medial heel (12.58%) regions, which accounted for 53.3% of total contribution.ConclusionThe pressure features in the medial heel, midfoot area, and lateral mid-metatarsal regions during walking can better reflect plantar soft tissue stiffness. Future studies should ensure measurement stability of this region and refine insole designs to mitigate plantar soft tissue fatigue in the specified areas.
Curcumin encapsulated in PAMAM dendrimers for the therapeutic treatment of ischemic stroke in rats
Authors: Stadler Justin , Garmo Lucas G. , Doyle David , Cheng Chin-I. , Richardson Garrett , Waheed Zain , Tofan Tim , Srinageshwar Bhairavi , Sharma Ajit , Petersen Robert B. , Dunbar Gary L. , Rossignol Julien 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionIschemic stroke is a devastating neurovascular condition that occurs when cerebral tissue fails to receive an adequate supply of oxygen. Despite being a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, therapeutic interventions are currently limited. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers are nanomolecules commonly used in biomedical applications due to their ability to encapsulate small-molecules and improve their pharmacokinetic properties. Curcumin is known to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects yet suffers from poor solubility and bioavailability. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of curcumin encapsulated in PAMAM dendrimers as a potential therapeutic treatment for ischemic stroke by studying post-stroke lesion size, astrocyte reactivity, and functional recovery in a rat model of cerebral ischemia.MethodsForty-eight male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (280–380 g) underwent either a 90-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) or sham surgery before receiving one of four treatments: (1) Hanks’ balanced salt solution (HBSS) control, (2) empty dendrimer control, (3) curcumin control, or (4) curcumin encapsulated in PAMAM dendrimer. Neurobehavioral outcomes were evaluated at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-day post-surgery, after which animals were euthanized on day 8 to assess infarct volume and GFAP immunoreactivity.ResultsAnimals that received formulations containing dendrimers (curcumin encapsulated in dendrimers or empty dendrimers) demonstrated significantly lower levels of GFAP immunoreactivity and improved functional recovery, including weight and neurobehavioral scores, compared to the formulations that did not contain dendrimers (curcumin and HBSS control). Additionally, the dendrimer-curcumin treatment group exhibited a significantly improved paw laterality index over the course of the study compared with the other three treatment groups.ConclusionAlthough the post-stroke administration of curcumin encapsulated in PAMAM dendrimers modulates the astrocytic response and promotes functional recovery following ischemic stroke in rats, its therapeutic benefits may be driven by PAMAM dendrimers as the empty dendrimer treatment group also showed significant improvements post-stroke. Further investigation regarding PAMAM dendrimers in treating neuroinflammatory conditions remains warranted.
A phase-transited lysozyme coating doped with strontium on titanium surface for bone repairing via enhanced osteogenesis and immunomodulatory
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chen Yu , Shi Yidan , Hu Hongkun , Dai Zhongyu , Liu Zhichen , Li Xuanan 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionTitanium is currently recognized as an excellent orthopedic implant material, but it often leads to poor osseointegration of the implant, and is prone to aseptic loosening leading to implant failure. Therefore, biofunctionalization of titanium surfaces is needed to enhance their osseointegration and immunomodulation properties to reduce the risk of implant loosening. We concluded that the utilization of PTL-Sr is a direct and effective method for the fabrication of multifunctional implants.MethodsIn this Study, phase-transited lysozyme (PTL) is deposited onto the surface of titanium (Ti) to construct a functional coating and strontium chloride solution was utilized to produce PTL coatings with Sr2+. The characterization of the strontium-doped PTL coatings (PTL-Sr) was tested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). A series of cell and animal experiments were conducted to investigate the biological functions of PTL-Sr coatings.ResultsThe characterization indicates the successful preparation of PTL-Sr coatings. In vitro cellular experiments have demonstrated that it promotes M2 macrophage polarization and reduces inflammatory mediator production while promoting osteogenic differentiation of bone merrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The in vivo subcutaneous implantation model demonstrated its good immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties.DiscussionTitanium with PTL-Sr coatings promote biomineralization and immunomodulation, which is suitable for orthopedic applications. Further mechanistic exploration and studies using animal models is necessary to enhance the understanding of the clinical applicability of modified titanium.
Surface characteristics and molecular interactions of thin films between bubbles by molecular simulations
Authors: Peng Tiefeng , Huai Yangyang 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionWhether in industrial production or daily life, froth plays an important role in many processes. Sometimes, froth exists as a necessity and is also regarded as the typical characteristic of products, e.g., froth on shampoo. Froth often makes an important contribution to product performance, such as in cleaning operations. On the other hand, froth may destroy the production process, such as in the textile and paper industry. Another example, ultra-stable froth accumulates on the thickener from flotation brings a series of difficulties to pumping, settling and dewatering operations, and would lead to pollution to the industrial circulating water treatment, thus it must be prevented.MethodsIn this work, the factors affecting the stability of froth, and relationship of bubble coalescence and film rupture was investigated, and molecular simulations (MD) were performed to study the aqueous molecular formation and surface characteristics of thin films between bubbles that contribute to the froth stability.ResultsThe detailed interfacial structure, molecular formation along Z-axis, angle distribution within the first and second layer, and also critical thickness were studied and discussed. The film rupture was validated and interpreted by the water-water interactions within the thin film, and these surface interactions were also examined using binding energy, dipole autocorrelation function (DAF). These simulations explicitly utilize polarizable potential model, incorporating many-body interactions, in which induced polarization plays a critical role in reproducing experimental observables and understanding physical behavior.DiscussionThe results provide beneficial insight for ultra-stable removal from microscopic view, and have direct benefits in dissolved air flotation used in mining industry, to develop efficient and sustainable processes for industries to minimize water and chemical usage.
Prognostic nutritional index as a predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in American adults with hypertension: results from the NHANES database
Authors: Tang Jing , Yang Long , Yang Guan-Ying , Li Yan-Hong , Zhu You-Sen , Li Hui , Gao Xiao-Ming 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundFew studies have examined the relationship between nutritional status, as assessed by the Prognostic Nutrition Index (PNI), and incident cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality, particularly in hypertensive patients. This study aimed to examine the association between PNI and cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality in Americans with hypertension.MethodsData from this retrospective cohort study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES) 1999–2016. Using data of The NHANES Public-Use Linked Mortality Files to assess all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM). After excluding participants younger than 18 years, without hypertension, and with missing follow-up data, a total of 18,189 cases were included in this study. Persons with hypertension were divided by PNI into 4 groups: Q1 (PNI &lt; 49.0), Q2 (PNI: 49.0–52.5), Q3 (PNI: 52.5–55.5), and Q4 (PNI &gt; 55.5). We used the Cox proportional hazard regression model to explore the predictive role of PNI on ACM and CVM in American adults with hypertension. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves to investigate the existence of a dose-response linear relationship between them.ResultDuring a median follow-up period of 89 months, a total of 1,444 (7.94%) cardiovascular deaths occurred and 5,171 (28.43%) all-cause deaths occurred. Multifactorial COX regression analysis showed all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 0.584, 95% CI: 0.523–0.652, p &lt; 0.001] and cardiovascular mortality (HR: 0.435, 95% CI: 0.349–0.541, p &lt; 0.001) associated with Q4 group risk of malnutrition in PNI compared to Q1 group. RCS curves showed a nonlinear relationship between PNI and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality (both non-linear p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsLower PNI levels are associated with mortality in patients with hypertension. PNI may be a predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality risk in patients with hypertension.
Cardioattentionnet: advancing ECG beat characterization with a high-accuracy and portable deep learning model
Authors: He Youfu , Zhou Yu , Qian Yu , Liu Jingjie , Zhang Jinyan , Liu Debin , Wu Qiang 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe risk of mortality associated with cardiac arrhythmias is considerable, and their diagnosis presents significant challenges, often resulting in misdiagnosis. This situation highlights the necessity for an automated, efficient, and real-time detection method aimed at enhancing diagnostic accuracy and improving patient outcomes.MethodsThe present study is centered on the development of a portable deep learning model for the detection of arrhythmias via electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, referred to as CardioAttentionNet (CANet). CANet integrates Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) networks, Multi-head Attention mechanisms, and Depthwise Separable Convolution, thereby facilitating its application in portable devices for early diagnosis. The architecture of CANet allows for effective processing of extended ECG patterns and detailed feature extraction without a substantial increase in model size.ResultsEmpirical results indicate that CANet outperformed traditional models in terms of predictive performance and stability, as confirmed by comprehensive cross-validation. The model demonstrated exceptional capabilities in detecting cardiac arrhythmias, surpassing existing models in both cross-validation and external testing scenarios. Specifically, CANet achieved high accuracy in classifying various arrhythmic events, with the following accuracies reported for different categories: Normal (97.37 ± 0.30%), Supraventricular (98.09 ± 0.25%), Ventricular (92.92 ± 0.09%), Atrial Fibrillation (99.07 ± 0.13%), and Unclassified arrhythmias (99.68 ± 0.06%). In external evaluations, CANet attained an average accuracy of 94.41%, with the area under the curve (AUC) for each category exceeding 99%, thereby demonstrating its substantial clinical applicability and significant advancements over traditional models.DiscussionThe deep learning model proposed in this study has the potential to enhance the accuracy of early diagnosis for various types of arrhythmias. Looking ahead, this technology is anticipated to provide improved medical services for patients with heart disease through continuous, non-invasive monitoring and timely intervention.
Effects of dapagliflozin on heart rate variability, cardiac function, and short-term prognosis in early-onset post-myocardial infarction heart failure
Authors: Zhou Le , Niu Mingyuan , Chen Wei , Hu Qian , Chen Yi , Geng Xiaohong , Gu Jiani 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of dapagliflozin, in addition to standard therapy, on heart rate variability (HRV), soluble growth stimulation expressed gene 2 protein (sST2), N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and echocardiographic parameters in patients with early-onset post-myocardial infarction heart failure (HF).MethodsA total of 98 patients with early-onset post-myocardial infarction HF were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group (n = 48, receiving standard therapy) and an observation group (n = 50, receiving standard therapy plus dapagliflozin 10 mg daily). HRV, cardiac function, and echocardiographic parameters were measured at baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment. Short-term prognosis and adverse events were also monitored.ResultsCompared with the control group, the observation group showed significantly greater improvements in SDNN and SDANN (P &lt; 0.05). Significant improvements were also observed in sST2 and NT-proBNP levels in the observation group compared to the control group (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, echocardiographic parameters, including EF, LVESD, LVEDD, IVST, LVMI, and E/e’, showed greater improvement in the observation group (P &lt; 0.05). The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events was lower in the observation group (P &lt; 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression model revealed that dapagliflozin use was independently associated with a reduced risk of MACE (OR = 0.265, 95% CI: 0.097–0.724, P = 0.010).ConclusionEarly administration of dapagliflozin 10 mg, in addition to standard therapy, can improve autonomic function, cardiac function, and short-term prognosis in patients with early-onset post-myocardial infarction heart failure.