bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted histological evaluation shows high incidence of actinomyces infection in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws
Authors: Brody Andrea , Scheich Bálint , Dobo-Nagy Csaba 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMedication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (MRONJ) is a difficult-to-treat complication of the therapy of osteoporosis and some malignancies cured with bisphosphonates and antiresorptive drugs. The pathomechanism is unclear, but there is increasing observation that Actinomyces infection may play a role in its development and progression. The aim of our study was to demonstrate that histological examination using a validated triple staining procedure for Actinomyces bacteria strains can detect a high rate of Actinomyces infection in patient's samples with MRONJ. 112 previously hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stained samples submitted with the clinical diagnosis of MRONJ were re-evaluated histologically using an appropriate triple special staining validated for the identification of Actinomyces infection. During the first evaluation, when pathologists did not specifically look for Actinomyces, only 8.93% of the samples were reported as positive. In contrast, re-evaluation with triple staining provided a yield of 93.7% positive samples, therefore, we suggest the triple special staining to be standard in MRONJ histology evaluation. These results show that if the clinician suspects Actinomyces infection and brings this to the attention of the pathologist, it could significantly increase the number of correct diagnoses. It serves as an aid for clinicians in therapeutic success of MRONJ by selecting a long-term adequate antibiotic medication which is suitable for the elimination of actinomyces infection.
Hypothyroidism and related comorbidities on the risks of developing tinnitus
Authors: Hsu Alan , Tsou Yung-an , Wang Tang-Chuan , Chang Wen-Dien , Lin Cheng-Li , Tyler Richard S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis is a retrospective longitudinal study that uses data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan of which hypothyroid patients who received a diagnosis between 2000 and 2010 were selected and followed up until 2011. The primary outcome of this study was the occurrence of tinnitus (ICD-9-CM code 388.3). The relevant comorbidities were selected as potential confounders according to the literature, which included vertigo (ICD-9-CM code 386), insomnia (ICD-9-CM code 780), anxiety (ICD-9-CM code 300.00), and hearing loss (ICD-9-CM code 388–389). The overall incidence of tinnitus was significantly higher in the hypothyroidism cohort than in the non-hypothyroidism cohort (9.49 vs. 6.03 per 1000 person-years), with an adjusted HR of 1.35 (95% CI 1.18–1.54) after adjusting potential confounders. The incidences of tinnitus, as stratified by gender, age, comorbidity, and follow-up time, were all significantly higher in the hypothyroidism cohort than those in the non-hypothyroidism cohort. The incidence of tinnitus significantly increased with age (aHR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.01–1.02). In conclusion, we report the relationship between hypothyroidism and the increased risk for tinnitus. We also found that hypothyroidism patients are at increased risk of developing tinnitus when associated with comorbidities including vertigo, hearing loss, and insomnia.
Photothermal conversion of biodegradable fluids and carbon black nanofluids
Authors: Kosinska Anna , Balakin Boris V. , Kosinski Pawel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe paper is devoted to the topic of direct absorption solar collectors (DASCs). Various kinds of fluids can be used as heat transfer fluid in DASCs, and the main focus of our paper is on comparing nanofluids (water with carbon black nanoparticles, concentrations between 0.25 and 1.00% weight) and biodegradable coffee colloids. At first, these fluids were tested by exposing them to irradiation caused by artificial light in indoor experiments, and the corresponding temperature increase was recorded. The fluids were placed in a beaker with a relatively large size so that most of the fluid was not directly irradiated. In these experiments, the performance of the two studied fluids was similar: the resulting temperature increase varied between 46 and 50 °C. Our next experiments involved a smaller system subjected to irradiation obtained by using a solar collector. As a result, we detected an intense absorption on the nanoparticle surface so that the temperature rise in the nanofluid was higher than in the coffee colloids. Next, the process was analysed using a theoretical analysis that gave good correspondence with the experiments. Finally, we extended the theoretical analysis to a DASC with a flowing fluid. The model was validated against results from the literature, but it also supported our experimental findings.
ESCCAL-1 promotes cell-cycle progression by interacting with and stabilizing galectin-1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cui Yuanbo , Yan Ming , Wu Wei , Lv Pengju , Wang Jinwu , Huo Yanping , Lou Yanan , Ma Xiwen , Chang Jing , Guan Fangxia , Cao Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play important roles in the development of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Our previous studies have shown that knockdown of LncRNA ESCCAL-1 expression inhibits the growth of ESCC cells, but the mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we show that over-expression of ESCCAL-1 promotes ESCC cell proliferation and cell-cycle progression by blocking ubiquitin-mediated degradation of an oncoprotein galectin-1 (Gal-1). Multiple LncRNA expression datasets as well as our own data together reveal that ESCCAL-1 is evidently up-regulated in ESCC tissues and exhibits promising diagnostic value. Over-expression of ESCCAL-1 augmented ESCC cell proliferation and cell-cycle progression, whereas down-regulation of ESCCAL-1 resulted in the opposite effects. Mechanistically, LncRNA ESCCAL-1 directly binds to Gal-1 and positively regulates its protein level without affecting its mRNA level. Up-regulation of Gal-1 facilitated ESCC cell proliferation and cell-cycle progress. Knockdown of Gal-1 mitigated the effects of ESCCAL-1-mediated high cellular proliferation, NF-κB signaling activation and tumorigenicity of ESCC cells. Thus, our findings provide novel insight into the mechanism by which ESCCAL-1 facilitates ESCC tumorigenesis and cell-cycle progression by interacting with and stabilizing Gal-1 protein, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.
Modulation of the monomer-dimer equilibrium and catalytic activity of SARS-CoV-2 main protease by a transition-state analog inhibitor
Authors: Nashed Nashaat T. , Aniana Annie , Ghirlando Rodolfo , Chiliveri Sai Chaitanya , Louis John M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe role of dimer formation for the onset of catalytic activity of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (MProWT) was assessed using a predominantly monomeric mutant (MProM). Rates of MProWT and MProM catalyzed hydrolyses display substrate saturation kinetics and second-order dependency on the protein concentration. The addition of the prodrug GC376, an inhibitor of MProWT, to MProM leads to an increase in the dimer population and catalytic activity with increasing inhibitor concentration. The activity reaches a maximum corresponding to a dimer population in which one active site is occupied by the inhibitor and the other is available for catalytic activity. This phase is followed by a decrease in catalytic activity due to the inhibitor competing with the substrate. Detailed kinetics and equilibrium analyses are presented and a modified Michaelis-Menten equation accounts for the results. These observations provide conclusive evidence that dimer formation is coupled to catalytic activity represented by two equivalent active sites.
Subcellular localization of hippocampal ryanodine receptor 2 and its role in neuronal excitability and memory
Authors: Hiess Florian , Yao Jinjing , Song Zhenpeng , Sun Bo , Zhang Zizhen , Huang Junting , Chen Lina , Institoris Adam , Estillore John Paul , Wang Ruiwu , ter Keurs Henk E. D. J. , Stys Peter K. , Gordon Grant R. , Zamponi Gerald W. , Ganguly Anutosh , Chen S. R. Wayne 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRyanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) is abundantly expressed in the heart and brain. Mutations in RyR2 are associated with both cardiac arrhythmias and intellectual disability. While the mechanisms of RyR2-linked arrhythmias are well characterized, little is known about the mechanism underlying RyR2-associated intellectual disability. Here, we employed a mouse model expressing a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged RyR2 and a specific GFP probe to determine the subcellular localization of RyR2 in hippocampus. GFP-RyR2 was predominantly detected in the soma and dendrites, but not the dendritic spines of CA1 pyramidal neurons or dentate gyrus granular neurons. GFP-RyR2 was also detected within the mossy fibers in the stratum lucidum of CA3, but not in the presynaptic terminals of CA1 neurons. An arrhythmogenic RyR2-R4496C+/− mutation downregulated the A-type K+ current and increased membrane excitability, but had little effect on the afterhyperpolarization current or presynaptic facilitation of CA1 neurons. The RyR2-R4496C+/− mutation also impaired hippocampal long-term potentiation, learning, and memory. These data reveal the precise subcellular distribution of hippocampal RyR2 and its important role in neuronal excitability, learning, and memory.
H5N1 infection impairs the alveolar epithelial barrier through intercellular junction proteins via Itch-mediated proteasomal degradation
Authors: Ruan Tao , Sun Yuling , Zhang Jingting , Sun Jing , Liu Wei , Prinz Richard A. , Peng Daxin , Liu Xiufan , Xu Xiulong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe H5N1 subtype of the avian influenza virus causes sporadic but fatal infections in humans. H5N1 virus infection leads to the disruption of the alveolar epithelial barrier, a pathologic change that often progresses into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pneumonia. The mechanisms underlying this remain poorly understood. Here we report that H5N1 viruses downregulate the expression of intercellular junction proteins (E-cadherin, occludin, claudin-1, and ZO-1) in several cell lines and the lungs of H5N1 virus-infected mice. H5N1 virus infection activates TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), which then activates p38 and ERK to induce E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch expression and to promote occludin ubiquitination and degradation. Inhibition of the TAK1-Itch pathway restores the intercellular junction structure and function in vitro and in the lungs of H5N1 virus-infected mice. Our study suggests that H5N1 virus infection impairs the alveolar epithelial barrier by downregulating the expression of intercellular junction proteins at the posttranslational level.
OTUD6A promotes prostate tumorigenesis via deubiquitinating Brg1 and AR
Authors: Fu Xuhong , Zhao Junjie , Yu Guopeng , Zhang Xiaomin , Sun Jie , Li Lingmeng , Yin Jingyi , Niu Yinan , Ren Shancheng , Zhu Yasheng , Xu Bin , Huang Liyu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOvarian tumor (OTU) subfamily deubiquitinases are involved in various cellular processes, such as inflammation, ferroptosis and tumorigenesis; however, their pathological roles in prostate cancer (PCa) remain largely unexplored. In this study, we observed that several OTU members displayed genomic amplification in PCa, among which ovarian tumor deubiquitinase 6A (OTUD6A) amplified in the top around 15–20%. Further clinical investigation showed that the OTUD6A protein was highly expressed in prostate tumors, and increased OTUD6A expression correlated with a higher biochemical recurrence risk after prostatectomy. Biologically, wild-type but not a catalytically inactive mutant form of OTUD6A was required for PCa cell progression. In vivo experiments demonstrated that OTUD6A oligonucleotides markedly suppressed prostate tumorigenesis in PtenPC−/− mice and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Mechanistically, the SWI/SNF ATPase subunit Brg1 and the nuclear receptor AR (androgen receptor) were identified as essential substrates for OTUD6A in PCa cells by a mass spectrometry (MS) screening approach. Furthermore, OTUD6A stabilized these two proteins by erasing the K27-linked polyubiquitination of Brg1 and K11-linked polyubiquitination of AR. OTUD6A amplification exhibited strong mutual exclusivity with mutations in the tumor suppressors FBXW7 and SPOP. Collectively, our results indicate the therapeutic potential of targeting OTUD6A as a deubiquitinase of Brg1 and AR for PCa treatment.
Polarization-sensitive photodetection in a two-dimensional interlayer-multiple-cation hybrid perovskite bulk single crystal
Authors: Chen Qin , Wang Ziyang , Fan Yipeng , Li Zhou , Zhang Shuhua , Luo Junhua , Ji Chengmin 
Published: March 2022

Two-dimensional perovskites of interlayer-multiple-cations (IMCs), which possess an intrinsic light absorption anisotropy, have the potential to become the candidate in polarization-sensitive photodetection.
Get in Sync: Active Ingredients and Patient Profiles in Scripted-Sentence Learning in Spanish Speakers With Aphasia
Authors: Quique Yina M. , Evans William S. , Ortega-Llebaría Marta , Zipse Lauryn , Dickey Michael Walsh 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:Script training is a well-established treatment for aphasia, but its evidence comes almost exclusively from monolingual English speakers with aphasia. Furthermore, its active ingredients and profiles of people with aphasia (PWA) that respond to this treatment remain understudied. This study aimed to adapt a scripted-sentence learning protocol to Colombian Spanish speakers with aphasia, investigate speech entrainment (i.e., unison production of sentences) as an active ingredient for scripted-sentence learning, and identify patient profiles associated with better scripted-sentence learning.Method:Fourteen monolingual Spanish speakers with aphasia learned a set of 30 sentences. To examine speech entrainment as an active ingredient for scripted-sentence learning, we investigated whether sentences containing externally added rhythmic cues (involving stress-aligned vs. metronomic rhythmic cues) would result in better scripted-sentence learning compared with control sentences. Learning was measured via postsession probes and analyzed using mixed-effects logistic regression models. The relationship between scripted-sentence learning and baseline language and rhythmic processing measures was also examined.Results:Significant scripted-sentence learning over time indicated a successful adaptation of a script-training protocol to Spanish. PWA learned significantly more scripted sentences in the rhythmically enhanced conditions compared with the control condition. There were no differences between rhythmically enhanced conditions (stress-aligned vs. metronomic). In terms of patient profiles, it was found that PWA with more severe aphasia demonstrated larger learning gains, but rhythmic processing showed little association with learning estimates.Conclusions:To our knowledge, this study provides the first adaptation of a scripted-sentence learning protocol for monolingual Spanish speakers with aphasia, demonstrating cross-linguistic benefits of script training interventions. Highlighting rhythmic features during speech entrainment facilitated scripted-sentence learning in Spanish speakers with aphasia, suggesting that speech entrainment may be an active ingredient for scripted-sentence learning. More severe aphasia was associated with better scripted-sentence learning, suggesting that more severely impaired individuals are likely to benefit most from this treatment.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19241847
Computation of the lateral shift due to atmospheric refraction
Authors: Labriji H. , Herscovici-Schiller O. , Cassaing F. 
Published: March 2022

Context.Atmospheric refraction modifies the apparent position of objects in the sky. As a complement to the well-known angular offset, we computed the lateral translation that is to be considered for short-range applications, such as wavefront sensing and meteor trajectories.Aims.We aim to calculate the lateral shift at each altitude and study its variation according to meteorological conditions and the location of the observation site. We also pay special attention to the chromatism of this lateral shift. Moreover, we assess the relevance of the expressions present in the literature, which have been established neglecting Earth’s curvature.Methods.We extracted the variation equations of refraction from the geometric tracing of a light ray path. A numerical method and a dry atmosphere model allowed us to numerically integrate the system of coupled equations. In addition to this, based on Taylor expansions, we established three analytic approximations of the lateral shift, one of which is the one already known in the literature. We compared the three approximations to the numerical solution. All these estimators are included in a PYTHON3.2 package, which is available online.Results.Using the numerical integration estimator, we calculated the lateral shift values for any zenith angle including low elevations. The shift is typically around 3 m at a zenith angle of 45°, 10 m at 65°, and even 300 m at 85°. Next, the study of the variability of the lateral shift as a function of wavelength shows differences of up to 2% between the visible and near infrared. Furthermore, we show that the flat Earth approximation of the lateral shift corresponds to its first-order Taylor expansion. The analysis of the errors of each approximation shows the ranges of validity of the three estimators as a function of the zenith angle. The ‘flat Earth’ estimator achieves a relative error of less than 1% up to 55°, while the new extended second-order estimators improves this result up to 75°.Conclusions.The flat Earth estimator is sufficient for applications where the zenith angle is below 55° (most high-resolution applications) but a refined estimator is necessary to estimate meteor trajectories at low elevations.
Die Forensische Psychiatrie in der DDR. Ein
Überblick
Authors: Widmer Maria , Schmidt-Recla Adrian , Steinberg Holger 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungIn der medizingeschichtlichen Auseinandersetzung mit der Psychiatrie in der DDR
wurde dem Teilgebiet der forensischen Psychiatrie bisher wenig Aufmerksamkeit
geschenkt. In der folgenden literaturbasierten Übersicht sollen daher
wesentliche einführende Aspekte zu dieser Thematik dargestellt werden.
Der inhaltliche Diskurs in diesem Fachgebiet rekurrierte insbesondere auf die
forensisch-psychiatrische Begutachtung im Strafrecht, zu dem u. a. der
bekannteste forensische Psychiater der DDR Hans Szewczyk wichtige
Beiträge leistete. Nach Einführung des Strafgesetzbuches 1968
und den damit einhergehenden rechtlichen Veränderungen zur verminderten
bzw. aufgehobenen Zurechnungsfähigkeit von
Straftäter*innen fand bis Anfang der 1980er-Jahre eine
Diskussion über verschiedene Fragen zur Verbesserung der
Qualität der Gutachten und der Weiterentwicklung der
Gutachtertätigkeit statt. Dabei beschäftigte man sich zwar mit
der Begutachtung der Zurechnungsfähigkeit, nicht aber mit der
Begutachtung der Prognose, was wahrscheinlich aus der Abschaffung des
Maßregelvollzuges 1968 resultierte. Auf die Unterbringung und Behandlung
forensisch-psychiatrischer Patient*innen weisen nur wenige Quellen hin.
Psychisch kranke Straftäter*innen wurden kaum in spezifischen
Abteilungen untergebracht, die auch nur in wenigen Kliniken ab Mitte der
1970er-Jahre errichtet wurden. Vermutlich fehlte es auch an eigens entwickelten
strukturellen Behandlungskonzepten speziell für
forensisch-psychiatrische Patient*innen. Insbesondere für
psychisch kranke Rechtsbrecher*innen mit hoher Delinquenz war aufgrund
der neuen Gesetzgebung nach 1968 eine stationäre Unterbringung dem
Anschein nach kaum möglich. Für den zivilrechtlichen Bereich
weisen insgesamt nur wenige Quellen vor allem auf eine Auseinandersetzung mit
den Themen Entmündigung und Pflegschaft hin.
Tabakentwöhnung
Authors: Grebe Wolfgang , Grebe Alexander 
Published: March 2022

SummaryVermeidbare Krankheiten durch Rauchen sind neben Bewegungsmangel und Metabolischem Syndrom (Übergewicht, Insulinresistenz, Hypertonie, Hyperlipämie) immer noch die häufigste Todesursache in Deutschland. Immer mehr Menschen in Deutschland sind bereit, ihren Tabakkonsum zu reduzieren. Diese Chancen gilt es, in der täglichen Beratung der Patienten zu nutzen.
Reply to the Letter to the Editor from Dr. Seet-Lee and
Colleagues
Authors: Esteves Mário , Monteiro Mariana P. , Duarte José Alberto 
Published: March 2022

Dear EditorsThe authors would like to thank Dr. Seet-Lee and colleagues for their comments on our
recently-published manuscript in the International Journal of Sports Medicine

1. Dr. Seet-Lee and colleagues
highlighted some inadequacies, specifically when using mean difference or raw mean
difference as effect measure. However, when evaluating blood vessel density by
different reliable and validated histological procedures, would it be wrong to
assume, as we did, that all the obtained measurements from different staining always
vary equally, directly and linearly, with the actual parameter under study? Are Dr.
Seet-Lee and colleagues assuming that the results of histological observations of
blood vessels, marked with different techniques and stains, are neither compatible
nor governed by the same measurement scales? We regret, but we are firmly convinced
that we proceeded properly. Moreover, we should not assume that standardized effect
sizes will make comparisons meaningful 2.
Particularly, as the standardized mean difference indicates the difference before
and after the intervention in terms of standard deviations instead of actual scores,
it assumes that different outcome scales are linear transformation of each other and
the standard deviation (SD) is equal across all studies 3.
Associations between Electroencephalographic Variables, Early Post-Traumatic Seizure Risk, and Outcomes following Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Nickerson Taylor E. , Villo Lauren , Eisner Mariah , Lovett Marlina E. , Chung Melissa G. , O'Brien Nicole F. , Sribnick Eric A. , Ostendorf Adam P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEarly post-traumatic seizures (PTS) are associated with worse outcomes in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Our aim was to identify the association between continuous electroencephalogram (cEEG) characteristics and early PTS risk following pediatric severe TBI. We also evaluated the relationship between cEEG background features and outcomes. A single-center retrospective cohort study was performed on children between 0 and 18 years of age admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit from 2016 to 2019 with severe TBI and cEEG monitoring within 7 days of injury. Raw cEEG tracings were reviewed by an epileptologist in accordance with American Clinical Neurophysiology Society (ACNS) Critical Care EEG terminology. Univariate comparisons were made between children with and without early PTS, as well as between those with and without varying cEEG background features. Eighteen children (31%) of the 59 included had early PTS. Interictal abnormalities, inclusive of sporadic spikes and sharp waves, rhythmic delta activity, or lateralized periodic discharges (LPDs) were more common among children with seizures (100 vs. 22%; p < 0.01). LPDs were also more common in the seizure group (44 vs. 2%; p < 0.01). Background discontinuity was associated with worse Glasgow Outcome Scale—Extended Pediatric Version (GOS-E Peds) scores at discharge and 3-, 6-, and 12-month post-discharge (p < 0.01). Lack of reactivity was also associated with worse GOS-E Peds scores at 3-, 6-, and 12-month post-discharge (p < 0.01). Interictal abnormalities and LPDs were each associated with early PTS following pediatric severe TBI. Larger studies should evaluate if high-risk patients would benefit from prolonged cEEG monitoring and/or more aggressive anti-seizure prophylaxis. Discontinuity and lack of variability were associated with worse outcomes. Future studies should attempt to clarify their role as potential early markers of prognosis.