bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of nutrition practice and food choice in UK construction workers
Authors: Wronska Magdalena Daria , Coffey Margaret , Robins Anna 
Published: September 2022

Summary
The workplace is considered an effective setting for health and wellbeing interventions, including programmes focusing on nutrition, and provides opportunities to tailor programmes to meet the specific needs of industry and employees. This study explored nutrition practices amongst construction workers and managers to inform the design of a nutrition intervention. Five focus groups were conducted on three construction sites: two with managers (n = 11) and three with workers (n = 27). Construction workers and managers identified several unhealthy nutrition-related behaviours, including high consumption of convenient and fast foods, excessive coffee, alcohol, energy drinks and low fruit and vegetable intake. These behaviours were often attributed to high workloads, long working hours and physically demanding jobs. Snacking and skipping meals were repeatedly reported, attributed to short breaks and poor accessibility to food outlets. The nutritional quality of meals differed between individuals (homemade vs fast food), depending on the type of sites (temporary vs permanent) and site location. Nutrition knowledge, establishing routines, meal planning and preparation were recognized as important in sustaining healthy nutrition habits. However, meal preparation depended on the facilities available, which differed between managers and workers, highlighting the complex relationship between the workplace context and eating behaviours. Construction workers were interested in learning about nutrition and improving their eating habits through nutrition intervention. However, they highlighted that better cooking and storage facilities on site, together with fewer job demands and longer break times, would enhance the sustainability of the intervention and their ability to make healthier food choices.
Realist evaluation of health promotion interventions: a scoping review
Authors: Malengreaux Ségolène , Doumont Dominique , Scheen Bénédicte , Van Durme Thérèse , Aujoulat Isabelle 
Published: September 2022

Summary
This scoping review aims to give a narrative account of existing realist evaluation practices in health promotion. Realist evaluations of health promotion interventions published between 2010 and 2021 were identified by searching five academic databases: Embase, Pubmed, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect and Scopus. A data-charting form was created based on the characteristics of realist evaluation and four core features of an approach appropriate for evaluating health promotion interventions. Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria. These were classified into two types of studies: those aiming to build an initial program theory and those aiming to test an initial program theory. Our results revealed a great variety of realist evaluation practices and uncovered a growing interest in realist evaluation over the years. Our searches identified a lack of participative practice and capacity-building intention. Our examination of the data collection and analysis methods points to some common practices in using multi-methods. Perspectives on realist evaluation practices and on assessing the effectiveness of health promotion have been identified.
The maximum likelihood ensemble smoother for the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation
Authors: Hurst Christopher , Zupanski Milija , Gao Xinfeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractData assimilation (DA) aims to combine observations/data with a model to maximize the utility of information for obtaining the optimal estimate. The maximum likelihood ensemble filter (MLEF) is a sequential DA method or a filter-type method. Weaknesses of the filter method are assimilating time-integrated observations and estimating empirical parameter estimation. The reason is that the forward model is employed outside of the analysis procedure in this type of DA method. To overcome these weaknesses, the MLEF is now extended as a smoother and the novel maximum likelihood ensemble smoother (MLES) is proposed. The MLES is a smoothing method with variational-like qualities, specifically in the cost function. Rather than using the error information from a single temporal location to solve for the optimal analysis update as done by the MLEF, the MLES can include observations and the forward model within a chosen time window. The newly proposed DA method is first validated by a series of rigorous and thorough performance tests using the Lorenz 96 model. Then, as DA is known to be used extensively to increase the predictability of the commonly chaotic dynamical systems seen in meteorological applications, this study demonstrates the MLES with a model chaotic problem governed by the 1D Kuramoto–Sivashinky (KS) equation. Additionally, the MLES is shown to be an effective method in improving the estimate of uncertain empirical model parameters. The MLES and MLEF are then directly compared and it is shown that the performance of the MLES is adequate and that it is a good candidate for increasing the predictability of a chaotic dynamical system. Future work will focus on an extensive application of the MLES to highly turbulent flows.
The evolving privacy and security concerns for genomic data analysis and sharing as observed from the iDASH competition
Authors: Kuo Tsung-Ting , Jiang Xiaoqian , Tang Haixu , Wang XiaoFeng , Harmanci Arif , Kim Miran , Post Kai , Bu Diyue , Bath Tyler , Kim Jihoon , Liu Weijie , Chen Hongbo , Ohno-Machado Lucila 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConcerns regarding inappropriate leakage of sensitive personal information as well as unauthorized data use are increasing with the growth of genomic data repositories. Therefore, privacy and security of genomic data have become increasingly important and need to be studied. With many proposed protection techniques, their applicability in support of biomedical research should be well understood. For this purpose, we have organized a community effort in the past 8 years through the integrating data for analysis, anonymization and sharing consortium to address this practical challenge. In this article, we summarize our experience from these competitions, report lessons learned from the events in 2020/2021 as examples, and discuss potential future research directions in this emerging field.
Using mobile meditation app data to predict future app engagement: an observational study
Authors: Fowers Rylan , Berardi Vincent , Huberty Jennifer , Stecher Chad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective
Meditation with mobile apps has been shown to improve mental and physical health. However, regular, long-term meditation app use is needed to maintain these health benefits, and many people have a difficult time maintaining engagement with meditation apps over time. Our goal was to determine the length of the timeframe over which usage data must be collected before future app abandonment can be predicted accurately in order to better target additional behavioral support to those who are most likely to stop using the app.

Methods
Data were collected from a randomly drawn sample of 2600 new subscribers to a 1-year membership of the mobile app Calm, who started using the app between July and November of 2018. App usage data contained the duration and start time of all meditation sessions with the app over 365 days. We used these data to construct the following predictive model features: total daily sessions, total daily duration, and a measure of temporal similarity between consecutive days based on the dynamic time warping (DTW) distance measure. We then fit random forest models using increasingly longer periods of data after users subscribed to Calm to predict whether they performed any meditation sessions over 2-week intervals in the future. Model fit was assessed using the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC), and an exponential growth model was used to determine the minimal amount of data needed to reach an accurate prediction (95% of max AUC) of future engagement.

Results
After first subscribing to Calm, 83.1% of the sample used the Calm app on at least 1 more day. However, by day 350 after subscribing, 58.0% of users abandoned their use of the app. For the persistent users, the average number of daily sessions was 0.33 (SD = 0.02), the average daily duration of meditating was 3.93 minutes (SD = 0.25), and the average DTW distance to the previous day was 1.50 (SD = 0.17). The exponential growth models revealed that an average of 64 days of observations after subscribing to Calm are needed to reach an accurate prediction of future app engagement.

Discussion
Our results are consistent with existing estimates of the time required to develop a new habit. Additionally, this research demonstrates how to use app usage data to quickly and accurately predict the likelihood of users’ future app abandonment. This research allows future researchers to better target just-in-time interventions towards users at risk of abandonment.
Orphan optical flare as SOSS emission afterglow, localization in time
Authors: Lipunov V , Kornilov V , Zhirkov K , Tyurina N , Gorbovskoy E , Vlasenko D , Simakov S , Topolev V , Francile C , Podesta R , Podesta F , Svinkin D , Budnev N , Gress O , Balanutsa P , Kuznetsov A , Chasovnikov A , Serra-Ricart M , Gabovich A , Minkina E , Antipov G , Svertilov S , Tlatov A , Senik V , Tselik Yu , Kechin Ya , Yurkov V 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
We report on MASTER optical observations of an afterglow-like optical and X-ray transient AT2021lfa/ZTF21aayokph. We detected the initial steady brightening of the transient at 7σ confidence level. This allowed us to use smooth optical self-similar emission of GRBs model to constrain the explosion time to better than 14 min as well as to estimate its initial Lorentz factor Γ0 = 20 ± 10. Taking into consideration the low Γ0 and non-detection in gamma-rays, we classify this transient as the first failed GRB afterglow.
Directly detecting the envelopes of low-mass planets embedded in protoplanetary discs and the case for TW Hydrae
Authors: Zhu Zhaohuan , Bailey Avery , Macías Enrique , Muto Takayuki , Andrews Sean M 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Despite many methods developed to find young massive planets in protoplanetary discs, it is challenging to directly detect low-mass planets that are embedded in discs. On the other hand, the core-accretion theory suggests that there could be a large population of embedded low-mass young planets at the Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) contraction phase. We adopt both 1D models and 3D simulations to calculate the envelopes around low-mass cores (several to tens of M⊕) with different luminosities, and derive their thermal fluxes at radio wavelengths. We find that, when the background disc is optically thin at radio wavelengths, radio observations can see through the disc and probe the denser envelope within the planet’s Hill sphere. When the optically thin disc is observed with the resolution reaching one disc scale height, the radio thermal flux from the planetary envelope around a 10 M⊕ core is more than 10 per cent higher than the flux from the background disc. The emitting region can be extended and elongated. Finally, our model suggests that the au-scale clump at 52 au in the TW Hydrae disc revealed by ALMA is consistent with the envelope of an embedded 10–20 M⊕ planet, which can explain the detected flux, the spectral index dip, and the tentative spirals. The observation is also consistent with the planet undergoing pebble accretion. Future ALMA and ngVLA observations may directly reveal more such low-mass planets, enabling us to study core growth and even reconstruct the planet formation history using the embedded ‘protoplanet’ population.
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae – II. Densities, temperatures, abundances, and excitation of six PNe
Authors: Mari M Belén , Gonçalves Denise R , Akras Stavros 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Here we present the spatially resolved study of six Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe), namely IC 4593, Hen 2-186, Hen 2-429, NGC 3918, NGC 6543, and NGC 6905, from intermediate-resolution spectra of the 2.5 m Isaac Newton Telescope and the 1.54 m Danish telescope. The physical conditions (electron densities, Ne, and temperatures, Te), chemical compositions and dominant excitation mechanisms for the different regions of these objects are derived, in an attempt to go deeper on the knowledge of the low-ionization structures (LISs) hosted by these PNe. We reinforce the previous conclusions that LISs are characterized by lower (or at most equal) Ne than their associated rims and shells. As for the Te, we point out a possible different trend between the N and O diagnostics. Te[N ii] does not show significant variations throughout the nebular components, whereas Te[O iii] appears to be slightly higher for LISs. The much larger uncertainties associated with the Te[O iii] of LISs do not allow robust conclusions. Moreover, the chemical abundances show no variation from one to another PN components, not even contrasting LISs with rims and shells, as also found in a number of other works. By discussing the ionization photon flux due to shocks and stellar radiation, we explore the possible mechanisms responsible for the excitation of LISs. We argue that the presence of shocks in LISs is not negligible, although there is a strong dependence on the orientation of the host PNe and LISs.
Calibrating excursion set reionization models to approximately conserve ionizing photons
Authors: Park Jaehong , Greig Bradley , Mesinger Andrei 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
The excursion set reionization framework is widely used due to its speed and accuracy in reproducing the 3D topology of reionization. However, it is known that it does not conserve photon number. Here, we introduce an efficient, on-the-fly recipe to approximately account for photon conservation. Using a flexible galaxy model shown to reproduce current high-z observables, we quantify the bias in the inferred reionization history and galaxy properties resulting from the non-conservation of ionizing photons. Using a mock 21-cm observation, we perform inference with and without correcting for ionizing photon conservation. We find that ignoring photon conservation results in very modest biases in the inferred galaxy properties for our fiducial model. The notable exception is in the power-law scaling of the ionizing escape fraction with halo mass, which can be biased from the true value by ∼2.4σ (corresponding to ∼−0.2 in the power-law index). Our scheme is implemented in the public code 21cmFAST.
The cosmology dependence of the concentration–mass–redshift relation
Authors: López-Cano Daniel , Angulo Raúl E , Ludlow Aaron D , Zennaro M , Contreras S , Chaves-Montero Jonás , Aricò G 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
The concentrations of dark matter haloes provide crucial information about their internal structure and how it depends on mass and redshift – the so-called concentration–mass–redshift relation, denoted c(M, z). We present here an extensive study of the cosmology-dependence of c(M, z) that is based on a suite of 72 gravity-only, full N-body simulations in which the following cosmological parameters were varied: σ8, ΩM, Ωb, ns, h, Mν, w0, and wa. We characterize the impact of these parameters on concentrations for different halo masses and redshifts. In agreement with previous works, and for all cosmologies studied, we find that there exists a tight correlation between the characteristic densities of dark matter haloes within their scale radii, r−2, and the critical density of the universe at a suitably defined formation time. This finding, when combined with excursion set modelling of halo formation histories, allows us to accurately predict the concentrations of dark matter haloes as a function of mass, redshift, and cosmology. We use our simulations to test the reliability of a number of published models for predicting halo concentration and highlight when they succeed or fail to reproduce the cosmological c(M, z) relation.
qPTM: an updated database for PTM dynamics in human, mouse, rat and yeast
Authors: Yu Kai , Wang Ye , Zheng Yongqiang , Liu Zekun , Zhang Qingfeng , Wang Siyu , Zhao Qi , Zhang Xiaolong , Li Xiaoxing , Xu Rui-Hua , Liu Ze-Xian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are critical molecular mechanisms that regulate protein functions temporally and spatially in various organisms. Since most PTMs are dynamically regulated, quantifying PTM events under different states is crucial for understanding biological processes and diseases. With the rapid development of high-throughput proteomics technologies, massive quantitative PTM proteome datasets have been generated. Thus, a comprehensive one-stop data resource for surfing big data will benefit the community. Here, we updated our previous phosphorylation dynamics database qPhos to the qPTM (http://qptm.omicsbio.info). In qPTM, 11 482 553 quantification events among six types of PTMs, including phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, methylation, SUMOylation and ubiquitylation in four different organisms were collected and integrated, and the matched proteome datasets were included if available. The raw mass spectrometry based false discovery rate control and the recurrences of identifications among datasets were integrated into a scoring system to assess the reliability of the PTM sites. Browse and search functions were improved to facilitate users in swiftly and accurately acquiring specific information. The results page was revised with more abundant annotations, and time-course dynamics data were visualized in trend lines. We expected the qPTM database to be a much more powerful and comprehensive data repository for the PTM research community.
Will Earth's next supercontinent assemble through the closure of the Pacific Ocean?
Authors: Huang Chuan , Li Zheng-Xiang , Zhang Nan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEarth's known supercontinents are believed to have formed in vastly different ways, with two endmembers being introversion and extroversion. The former involves the closure of the internal oceans formed during the break-up of the previous supercontinent, whereas the latter involves the closure of the previous external superocean. However, it is unclear what caused such diverging behavior of supercontinent cycles that involved first-order interaction between subducting tectonic plates and the mantle. Here we address this question through 4D geodynamic modeling using realistic tectonic set-ups. Our results show that the strength of the oceanic lithosphere plays a critical role in determining the assembly path of a supercontinent. We found that high oceanic lithospheric strength leads to introversion assembly, whereas lower strength leads to extroversion assembly. A theoretically estimated reduction in oceanic crustal thickness, and thus its strength, during Earth's secular cooling indicates that introversion was only possible for the Precambrian time when the oceanic lithosphere was stronger, thus predicting the assembling of the next supercontinent Amasia through the closure of the Pacific Ocean instead of the Indian-Atlantic oceans. Our work provides a new understanding of the secular evolution of plate tectonics and geodynamics as the Earth cooled.
Successful Treatment of Delayed Localized Necrotizing Inflammatory Myositis After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 mRNA-1273 Vaccine: A Case Report
Authors: Li Jennifer Chen , Siglin Jonathan , Marshall Michael S , Stemmer-Rachamimov Anat , Bloom Seth M , Blumenthal Kimberly G 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Reported adverse reactions to the mRNA-1273 vaccine (Spikevax, Moderna Inc) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) range from mild, local delayed cutaneous reactions to rarer, more serious reactions such as myocarditis. Here, we describe the presentation and successful treatment of delayed, localized necrotizing inflammatory myositis following a third dose of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. To our knowledge, this is the first report of biopsy-confirmed, delayed inflammatory myositis after administration of an mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster.
Predictors of Long-Term Opioid Use After Hospitalization for Traumatic Injury in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population: A 12-Month Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Heins Sara E , Seelam Rachana , Schell Terry L , Wong Eunice C 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Long-term prescription opioid use is a significant risk factor for opioid morbidity and mortality, and severe traumatic injury is an important initiation point for prescription opioid use. This study examines predictors of long-term prescription opioid use among a racially and ethnically diverse population of patients hospitalized for traumatic injury.

Methods
Study participants (N= 650) from two urban Level I trauma centers were enrolled. Baseline information on demographics, injury characteristics, self-reported pre-injury substance use and mental health, and personality characteristics and attitudes was collected through interviews during the initial hospitalization. Patients were interviewed again at 3 months and 12 months and asked about prescription opioid use in the prior 7 days. Multivariable logistic regressions assessed participants’ baseline characteristics associated with opioid use at one or more follow-up interviews.

Results
Pre-injury use of prescription painkillers had the strongest association with prescription opioid use at follow-up (adjusted odds ratio: 3.10; 95% confidence interval: 1.86–5.17). Older age, health insurance coverage at baseline, length of hospitalization, higher current pain level, pre-injury post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and discharge to a location other than home were also associated with significantly higher odds of prescription opioid use at follow-up.

Conclusions
Providers could consider screening for past use of prescription pain relievers and post-traumatic stress disorder before hospital discharge to identify patients who might benefit from additional resources and support. However, providers should ensure that these patients’ pain management needs are still being met and avoid abrupt discontinuation of prescription opioid use among those with a history of long-term use.
PEZO-1andTRP-4mechanosensors are involved in mating behavior inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Brugman Katherine I , Susoy Vladislav , Whittaker Allyson J , Palma Wilber , Nava Stephanie , Samuel Aravinthan D T , Sternberg Paul W 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMale mating in Caenorhabditis elegans is a complex behavior with a strong mechanosensory component. C. elegans has several characterized mechanotransducer proteins, but few have been shown to contribute to mating. Here, we investigated the roles of PEZO-1, a piezo channel, and TRP-4, a mechanotransducing TRPN channel, in male mating behavior. We show that pezo-1 is expressed in several male-specific neurons with known roles in mating. We show that, among other neurons, trp-4 is expressed in the Post-Cloacal sensilla neuron type A (PCA) sensory neuron, which monitors relative sliding between the male and the hermaphrodite and inhibits neurons involved in vulva detection. Mutations in both genes compromise many steps of mating, including initial response to the hermaphrodite, scanning, turning, and vulva detection. We performed pan-neuronal imaging during mating between freely moving mutant males and hermaphrodites. Both pezo-1 and trp-4 mutants showed spurious activation of the sensory neurons involved in vulva detection. In trp-4 mutants, this spurious activation might be caused by PCA failure to inhibit vulva-detecting neurons during scanning. Indeed, we show that without functional TRP-4, PCA fails to detect the relative sliding between the male and hermaphrodite. Cell-specific TRP-4 expression restores PCA's mechanosensory function. Our results demonstrate new roles for both PEZO-1 and TRP-4 mechanotransducers in C. elegans mating behavior.