bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OCCUPATIONAL BURNOUT SYNDROME AMONG COMMUNITY PHARMACISTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Ivanova Mariya , Todorova Anna , Pesheva Magdalena 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The community pharmacy is the most accessible medical facility in the current healthcare system. Therefore, the expectations from pharmacists as the most accessible healthcare professionals are constantly rising. However, various studies indicate that pharmacists are subject to very high levels of occupational stress and professional burnout is common.
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed new challenges to the work organisation in pharmacies and demand for an adequate reorganisation. In addition, it forced pharmacists to quickly adapt to the new circumstances and requirements and further increased occupational stress.
Objective: To establish the level of occupational burnout among community pharmacists during COVID-19.
Materials and Methods: An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 127 pharmacists working in community pharmacies in Varna, Bulgaria. The study period was from March 2021 to October 2021. The questionnaire consisted of two parts; the first one was based on the specialised Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS) tool, assessing professional burnout in terms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and personal accomplishment; the second one collected data about the demographic characteristics of the respondents, including their job position, pharmacy type (an independent pharmacy or a pharmacy chain) and information on specific problems during COVID-19.
Results: The identified mean values in the group of respondents were as follows: emotional exhaustion M=23.39 (SD 9,298), depersonalisation M=12.37 (SD 6,426), professional achievements M=31.25 (SD 7,531). The sample mean values that stood out were in the depersonalisation scale М=12.37, which is considered a high value. A statistically significant difference was found in the different age groups on the depersonalisation scale (F=3,957, p=0,022). There was a statistically significant difference between the arithmetic mean values for the age groups 25-40 years (M=13.75) and over 55 years (M=9.86).
Conclusion: Based on the statistical differences for depersonalisation among pharmacists in different age groups, it can be concluded that young pharmacists do not express empathy while providing pharmaceutical care services.
THE CLINICAL ENVIRONMENT AS A SOURCE OF STRESS AMONG BACHELORS OF MEDICAL SPECIALTIES
Authors: Obreykova Monika 
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The fundamental goal of medical education is to train knowledgeable and capable medical professionals. However, the heavy workload during the learning process and clinical practice can sometimes negatively impact students’ mental health. This research paper aims to draw attention to the stress-causing factors and strategies for coping with stress during the clinical practice of nurses, midwives, and medical assistants. An online survey was conducted to study the opinion of 100 students of medical specialties from the Department of Health Care, University “Prof. Dr. Asen Zlatarov”, Burgas, during their clinical practice in four private and public hospitals in the city of Burgas. The research was conducted in November-December 2021. The results of the study reveal that stress factors significantly predict the mental health of undergraduate students in medical specialties and can cause health problems and adverse situations. The study outlined the main challenge in medical education as the establishment of methods that ignore the students’ insecurities and suggests strategies for dealing with stress. Furthermore, the fears that cause stress among students about the activities performed during clinical practice were illustrated. Finally, the study found that many dynamic experiences influence the well-being of undergraduate students in medicine during their clinical practice. The findings of the study will allow the cultivation of professional endurance in patient care.
SELECTED SPECIFICS OF CRISIS AND DISASTER PSYCHOLOGY
Authors: Pastuchová Neumannová Andrea 
Published: December 2022

The present study uses the terms disaster, crisis, and emergency, these situations cause threats to life, health, and property. Disasters, crisis, and crisis phenomena, trauma, PTSD are briefly characterised in the study. It also studies vulnerability of intervening rescuers, emphasising post-traumatic care, and crisis intervention as an effective psychosocial support tool for the victims and IRS professionals after the disaster. Based on the content and comparative analysis of relevant information, regulations, available literature, and other sources, the present comprehensive study is prepared for scientific research; other research methods are also used in the study.
The goal of the study was to map the trends in disaster occurrence, analyse the most common form of the disaster, and disaster management techniques relevant to Slovak Republic. In addition, the study presents selected crisis intervention techniques used by rescue professionals during a disaster.
The study mapped the disasters in Presov region in the Slovak Republic in 2020. It was found that the number of floods during the period increased from 147 to 389 compared to 2019. The Presov region in the territory of Slovakia is a disaster-prone area, frequently hit by disasters. The most common disaster affecting the region is the flood. In further studies, the authors are interested in analysing the occupational hazards of firefighters and police officers. The "Guidelines: psychosocial support for uniformed workers," the first European directive for providing effective psychosocial support to the rescuing paramedics after disasters, terrorism, and other emergencies, are considered important for the study. Psychologists from the Ministry of Interior of the Slovak Republic actively provide crisis intervention, "post-traumatic intervention teams" have been established in the Slovak Republic using CISM (Critical Incident Stress Management) baseline methodology.
Implementasi Mesin Sangrai Biji Kopi Portabel dengan Display Berbasis Internet of Things pada UMKM Ursa Roastery, Gresik
Authors: Adziimaa Ahmad Fauzan , Rachmadianti Anida Oktavia 
Published: December 2022

Pengolahan biji kopi merupakan hal yang menentukan kualitas kopi tersebut baik atau buruk. Rasa dan aroma pada minuman kopi salah satunya dibentuk dari proses penyangraian. Salah satu permasalahan pada usaha kecil pengolahan kopi di Gresik, tepatnya Ursa Roastery yang bertempat di Kecamatan Kebomas, Kabupaten Gresik adalah sulitnya melakukan proses sangrai biji kopi pada saat sampling biji kopi dilakukan di luar kota terutama di pinggiran desa. Terlebih penggunaan mesin sangrai berkapasitas besar dapat mengakibatkan pemborosan energi sehingga berdampak pada naiknya biaya produksi. Selain itu harga mesin sangrai portabel dengan monitoring temperatur dan waktu terbilang mahal. Dari permasalahan tersebut diusulkan sebuah solusi yakni dengan membuat mesin sangrai biji kopi portabel dengan display berbasis Internet of Things. Mesin sangrai yang dibuat dilengkapi dengan monitoring temperatur, waktu dan kecepatan untuk mempermudah dalam proses sampling biji kopi. Temperatur pada tabung sangrai dapat diamati pada layar LCD dan smartphone. Monitoring temperatur, waktu, dan kecepatan sangat diperlukan untuk mengetahui profil roast atau tingkat kematangan biji kopi pada proses sampling. Dengan ditampilkannya data temperatur, waktu, dan kecepatan pada smartphone secara langsung akan memudahkan Ursa Roastery untuk memantau tingkat kematangan kopi dengan lebih mudah, praktis, dan efisien. Kegiatan ini berfokus pada diterapkannya mesin sangrai kopi portabel pada mitra yaitu Ursa Roastery di mana performa mesin sangrai portabel tersebut dapat bersaing dengan mesin sangrai portabel modern yang harganya lebih mahal. Dengan hadirnya mesin sangrai ini diharapkan dapat membantu mitra untuk menekan biaya produksi sehingga dapat menaikkan profit dan menghasilkan kualitas biji kopi terbaik.
The estimated lifetime risk of revision after primary knee arthroplasty is influenced by age, sex, and indication
Authors: Yapp Liam Z. , Clement Nick D. , Moran Matthew , Clarke Jon V. , Simpson A. Hamish R. W. , Scott Chloe E. H. 
Published: December 2022

Aims The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with the estimated lifetime risk of revision surgery after primary knee arthroplasty (KA). Methods All patients from the Scottish Arthroplasty Project dataset undergoing primary KA during the period 1 January 1998 to 31 December 2019 were included. The cumulative incidence function for revision and death was calculated up to 20 years. Adjusted analyses used cause-specific Cox regression modelling to determine the influence of patient factors. The lifetime risk was calculated as a percentage for patients aged between 45 and 99 years using multiple-decrement life table methodology. Results The estimated lifetime risk of revision ranged between 32.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 22.6 to 47.3) for patients aged 45 to 49 years and 0.6% (95% CI 0.1 to 4.5) for patients aged over 90 years. At 20 years, the overall cumulative incidence of revision (6.8% (95% CI 6.6 to 7.0)) was significantly less than that of death (66.3% (95% CI 65.4 to 67.1)). Adjusted analyses demonstrated converse effect of increasing age on risk of revision (hazard ratio (HR) 0.5 (95% CI 0.5 to 0.6)) and death (HR 3.6 (95% CI 3.4 to 3.7)). Male sex was associated with increased risks of revision (HR 1.1 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.2); p < 0.001) and death (HR 1.4 (95% CI 1.3 to 1.4); p < 0.001). Compared to patients undergoing primary KA for osteoarthritis, patients with inflammatory arthropathy had a higher risk of death (HR 1.7 (95% CI 1.7 to 1.8); p < 0.001), but were less likely to be revised (HR 0.9 (95% CI 0.7 to 1.0); p < 0.001). Patients with a greater number of comorbidities (HR 1.4 (95% CI 1.3 to 1.4)) and greater levels of socioeconomic deprivation (HR 1.4 (95% CI 1.4 to 1.5)) were at increased risk of death, but neither increased the risk of revision. Conclusion The estimated lifetime risk of revision KA varied depending on patient sex, age, and underlying diagnosis. Patients aged between 45 and 49 years had a one in three risk of undergoing revision surgery within their lifetime, which decreased with age to one in 159 in those aged 90 years or more. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(12):1313–1322.
Nanoscale and ultra-high extinction ratio optical memristive switch based on plasmonic waveguide with square cavity
Authors: Chen Zhiliang , Liu Wenxiao , Zhang Bingying , Wu Kai , Li Zhongyang , Bing Pibin , Tan Lian , Zhang Hongtao , Yao Jianquan 
Published: December 2022

A resistive switch effect-based optical memristive switch with an ultra-high extinction ratio and ultra-compact size working at 1550 nm is proposed. The device is composed of a metal–insulator–metal waveguide and a square resonator with active electrodes. The formation and rupture of conductive filaments in the resonant cavity can alter the resonant wavelength, which triggers the state of the optical switch ON or OFF. The numerical results demonstrate that the structure has an ultra-compact size (less than 1 µm) and ultra-high extinction ratio (37 dB). The proposed device is expected to address the problems of high-power consumption and large-scale optical switches and can be adopted in optical switches, optical modulation, optical storage and computing, and large-scale photonic integrated devices.
Using a design-based research approach to develop a technology-supported physical education course to increase the physical activity levels of university students: Study protocol paper
Authors: Sultoni Kuston , Peralta Louisa R. , Cotton Wayne 
Published: December 2022

Background
Promoting physical activity (PA) for university students is essential as PA levels decrease during the transition from secondary to higher education. Providing technology-supported university courses targeting students’ PA levels may be a viable option to combat the problem. However, it is still unclear how and what technologies should be implemented in university courses to promote PA. This study aims to create a series of design principles for technology-supported physical education courses that aim to increase university students’ PA knowledge, motivation and levels.

Method
The proposed methodology underpinning the research program is a seven-phase design-based research (DBR) approach, with the seven phases encompassed in four sequential studies. These four studies are a systematic review, a qualitative focus group study, a pilot study, and a randomised controlled trial (RCT) study. The protocol paper aims to detail the plan for conducting the four studies in a comprehensive and transparent manner, thus contributing to the methodological evidence base in this field.

Discussion
Design principles generated from this project will contribute to the growing evidence focusing on effective design and implementation features. Future practitioners can also use these to develop physical education courses that aim to promote university students’ physical activity levels, knowledge, and motivation.

Trial registration
The RCT registry number: ACTRN12622000712707, 18/05/2022.
Decision to use denture adhesive in complete denture wearers after one-month run-in period: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Limpuangthip Nareudee , Tumrasvin Wacharasak , Thongyoi Budsara 
Published: December 2022

Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess two patient-based outcomes of complete denture (CD) wearers who continued or discontinued using denture adhesive (DA) after one-month run-in period of DA use.

Methods
This quasi-experimental study comprised 76 CD wearers. The two patient-based outcomes were oral health-related quality of life and masticatory performance, determined by the Thai-version of oral impacts on daily performances index and multiple sieve method of 20-stroke peanut mastication. Denture retention and stability were evaluated using the CU-modified Kapur criteria to classify the CD into acceptable or unacceptable quality. The outcomes were collected at 3 time points: 1) at baseline (T0), 2) after a 1-month run-in period of DA use (T1), at which time the participants decided whether to continue using DA, and 3) 1-month after continuing or discontinuing using DA (T2). Changes in the percentages of having an oral impact from T0 to T2 were evaluated using the McNemar’s test. The effect of denture quality and the decision to use DA on peanut particle size across time points were assessed using repeated measures ANOVA. The peanut particle size changes in each group between time points were evaluated using the one-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc comparison test.

Results
The participants who continued using DA at T2 had greater oral impact reduction after the 1-month run-in period of DA use, whereas cleaning and emotional impacts emerged in those who discontinued using DA. At T1 and T2, the peanut particle size of the participants who continued and discontinued using DA was not significantly changed from T0, except for the acceptable CD wearers who discontinued using DA at T2, whose peanut particle size decreased from T0 to T2.

Conclusions
Baseline oral impacts and their change influenced CD wearers’ decision whether to continue using DA. However, masticatory performance did not affect the patients’ decision.
Neuromuscular characteristics of agonists and antagonists during maximal eccentric knee flexion in soccer players with a history of hamstring muscle injuries
Authors: Ritzmann Ramona , Strütt Sarah , Torreno Ignacio , Riesterer Janine , Centner Christoph , Suarez-Arrones Luis 
Published: December 2022

Background
Muscle strain injuries (MSIs) in the hamstrings are among the most prevalent injuries in elite soccer. We aimed to examine the relation between biomechanical maladaptation in eccentric strength and neuromuscular factors separated by their time and frequency domains.

Methods
20 elite soccer players with a previous history of unilateral MSI in the M. biceps femoris (BF) long head and 20 without MSI participated. Knee flexion torques, rate of torque development (RTD) and electromyographic signals (EMG) of the BF, the M. semitendinosus (SMT) and knee extensors were obtained during unilateral maximal eccentric knee flexions performed at slow (30°/s) and fast (120°/s) angular speeds. Root mean squares and mean power frequency (MF) was calculated.

Results
In the group with a history of MSI, reduced maximal eccentric flexion torque (slow eccentrics -8±11, p<0.05; fast eccentrics -18±13 N*m, p<0.05) and RTD (-33±28 N*m/s, p<0.05; -95±47 N*m/s, p<0.05) concomitantly occurred with diminished agonistic myoelectrical activities (-4±5% of MVC, p<0.05; -10±7% of MVC, p<0.05) and MFs (-24±13 Hz, p<0.05; -24±18 Hz, p<0.05) in the BF. Simultaneously, antagonistic myoelectric activity was elevated (+4±3% of MVC, p<0.05; +3±3% of MVC, p<0.05) in MSI affected legs as compared to unaffected legs for both eccentric contractions. Deficits in myoelectrical activity (r2 = 0.715, p<0.05; r2 = 0.601, p<0.05) and MF (r2 = 0.484, p<0.05; r2 = 0.622, p<0.05) correlated with deficits in maximal torque in the affected leg in the MSI group. Analysis of SMT demonstrated no significant differences.

Conclusion
Positive relationships between neuromuscular deficits and the reduced eccentric strength profile underpin neuronal inhibition after MSI. This persistent involvement of dysfunctional synergist and antagonist neural hamstring function in strength weakness is of clinical relevance in sports medicine for prevention and rehabilitation.
Population-based correlates of COVID-19 infection: An analysis from the DFW COVID-19 prevalence study
Authors: Singal Amit G. , Masica Andrew , Esselink Kate , Murphy Caitlin C. , Dever Jill A. , Reczek Annika , Bensen Matthew , Mack Nicole , Stutts Ellen , Ridenhour Jamie L. , Galt Evan , Brainerd Jordan , Kopplin Noa , Yekkaluri Sruthi , Rubio Chris , Anderson Shelby , Jan Kathryn , Whitworth Natalie , Wagner Jacqueline , Allen Stephen , Muthukumar Alagar R. , Tiro Jasmin 
Published: December 2022

Background
COVID-19 has resulted in over 1 million deaths in the U.S. as of June 2022, with continued surges after vaccine availability. Information on related attitudes and behaviors are needed to inform public health strategies. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19, risk factors of infection, and related attitudes and behaviors in a racially, ethnically, and socioeconomically diverse urban population.

Methods
The DFW COVID-19 Prevalence Study Protocol 1 was conducted from July 2020 to March 2021 on a randomly selected sample of adults aged 18–89 years, living in Dallas or Tarrant Counties, Texas. Participants were asked to complete a 15-minute questionnaire and COVID-19 PCR and antibody testing. COVID-19 prevalence estimates were calculated with survey-weighted data.

Results
Of 2969 adults who completed the questionnaire (7.4% weighted response), 1772 (53.9% weighted) completed COVID-19 testing. Overall, 11.5% of adults had evidence of COVID-19 infection, with a higher prevalence among Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black persons, essential workers, those in low-income neighborhoods, and those with lower education attainment compared to their counterparts. We observed differences in attitudes and behaviors by race and ethnicity, with non-Hispanic White persons being less likely to believe in the importance of mask wearing, and racial and ethnic minorities more likely to attend social gatherings.

Conclusion
Over 10% of an urban population was infected with COVID-19 early during the pandemic. Differences in attitudes and behaviors likely contribute to sociodemographic disparities in COVID-19 prevalence.
On variants and vaccines: The effectiveness of Covid-19 monoclonal antibody therapy during two distinct periods in the pandemic
Authors: Srinivasan Vinay , Weinstein Stacey E. , Bhimani Azra , Clemons Nathan C. , Dinolfo Melissa , Shin Christina S. , Grier Jacqueline , Lopez Antonio , Braggs Jamia , Boucher Joni , Batiste Quanna N. , Garner Omai B. , Yang Shangxin , Vijayan Tara 
Published: December 2022

Background
While Covid-19 monoclonal antibody therapies (Mab) have been available in the outpatient setting for over a year and a half, little is known about the impact of emerging variants and vaccinations on the effectiveness of Mab therapies. We sought to determine the effectiveness of Covid-19 Mab therapies during the first two waves of the pandemic in Los Angeles County and assess the impact of vaccines, variants, and other confounding factors.

Methods and findings
We retrospectively examined records for 2209 patients of with confirmed positive molecular SARS-CoV2 test either referred for outpatient Mab therapy or receiving Mab treatment in the emergency department (ED) between December 2020 and 2021. Our primary outcome was the combined 30-day incidence of ED visit, hospitalization, or death following the date of referral. Additionally, SARS-CoV2 isolates of hospitalized patients receiving Mabs were sequenced. The primary outcome was significantly reduced with combination therapy compared to bamlanivimab or no treatment (aHR 0·60; 95% CI ·37, ·99), with greater benefit in unvaccinated, moderate-to-high-risk patients (aHR ·39; 95% CI ·20, ·77). Significant associations with the primary outcome included history of lung disease (HR 7·13; 95% CI 5·12, 9·95), immunocompromised state (HR 6·59; 95% CI 2·91–14·94), and high social vulnerability (HR 2·29, 95% CI 1·56–3·36). Two predominant variants were noted during the period of observation: the Epsilon variant and the Delta variant.

Conclusions
Only select monoclonal antibody therapies significantly reduced ED visits, hospitalizations, and death due to COVID-19 during. Vaccination diminished effectiveness of Mabs. Variant data and vaccination status should be considered when assessing the benefit of novel COVID-19 treatments.