bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement invariance of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale‐Self‐Report
Authors: Baroni Duccio , Caccico Laura , Ciandri Serena , Di Gesto Cristian , Di Leonardo Laura , Fiesoli Alice , Grassi Elena , Lauretta Francesco , Lebruto Antonella , Marsigli Nicola , Policardo Giulia Rosa , Rosadoni Martina , Chiorri Carlo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale‐Self Report (LSAS‐SR) is a self‐report measure of social anxiety (SA), which has shown adequate psychometric properties across cultures. However, no study has systematically evaluated its measurement invariance (MI) between (a) individuals with and without a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder (SAD) and (b) males and females. The current study addresses this issue.MethodsWe collected data on 257 (158 females) Italian individuals diagnosed with SAD and 356 (232 females) community‐dwelling adults.ResultsWe initially found support for the unidimensionality of the Italian LSAS‐SR measurement model in all samples. Using the Graded Response Model, we obtained evidence of partial MI and differential item functioning between community‐dwelling and SAD‐diagnosed individuals and evidence of strong MI between male and female participants.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that the Italian LSAS‐SR measures the same trait in the same way across the symptom continuum and sexes, making it a psychometrically sound tool for assessment, screening, and research purposes.
The Maternal Disintegrative Responses Scale (MDRS): Development and initial validation
Authors: Chasson Miriam , Taubman – Ben‐Ari Orit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to design and examine the validity of the Maternal Disintegrative Responses Scale (MDRS) to assess intrusive thoughts and dissociative experiences in the postpartum period.MethodA convenience sample of 455 mothers whose babies were up to 12 months old completed the MDRS and a series of questionnaires assessing postnatal depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS]), childbirth‐related post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD), and general symptoms of dissociation.ResultsThe final scale consists of eight items tapping two dimensions, intrusive thoughts and dissociative experiences, and displays good psychometric properties. Both factors were found to be related to EPDS, PTSD OCD, and general symptoms of dissociation. Primiparous women scored higher than multiparous women on both dimensions, and mothers of infants up to 3 months old scored higher on dissociative experiences than those whose infants were aged 4–12 months.ConclusionsThe MDRS can contribute to the theoretical and practical conceptualization and assessment of these phenomena.
Leveraging a Previously Published Population Pharmacokinetic Model to Predict Rivaroxaban Exposure in Real‐World Patients
Authors: Weiner Daniel , Powell J. Robert , Patterson J. Herbert , Tyson Rachel , Gehi Anil , Moll Stephan , Konicki Robyn , Qaraghuli Farah Al , Campbell Kristen B. , Kashuba Angela D.M. , Gonzalez Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPopulation pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic models are commonly used to inform drug dosing; however, often real‐world patients are not well represented in the clinical trial population. We sought to determine how well dosing recommended in the rivaroxaban drug label results in exposure for real‐world patients within a reference area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) range. To accomplish this, we assessed the utility of a prior published rivaroxaban population PK model to predict exposure in real‐world patients. We used the model to predict rivaroxaban exposure for 230 real‐world patients using 3 methods: (1) using patient phenotype information only, (2) using individual post hoc estimates of clearance from the prior model based on single PK samples of rivaroxaban collected at steady state without refitting of the prior model, and (3) using individual post hoc estimates of clearance from the prior model based on PK samples of rivaroxaban collected at steady state after refitting of the prior model. We compared the results across 3 software packages (NONMEM, Phoenix NLME, and Monolix). We found that while the average patient‐assigned dosing per the drug label will likely result in the AUC falling within the reference range, AUC for most individual patients will be outside the reference range. When comparing post hoc estimates, the average pairwise percentage differences were all <10% when comparing the software packages, but individual pairwise estimates varied as much as 50%. This study demonstrates the use of a prior published rivaroxaban population PK model to predict exposure in real‐world patients.
Fe/Acid‐montmorillonite as effective Fenton‐like catalyst for the removal of methylene blue
Authors: Zhao Yong‐Hua , Cai Yu‐Fu , Zhang Qi‐Jian , Wang Huan , Liu Yan‐Lin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundMost dyes are toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic, all of which cause severe harm to human health and the environment. Therefore, it is essential to find the most suitable method to treat dye wastewaters before discharge. In this study, the natural Ca‐type montmorillonite (Ca‐MMT) was activated by HNO3 (20 wt.%) solution under different temperatures to obtain acid‐activated MMT (Acid‐MMT). Fe (10 wt.%) was supported on Acid‐MMT (Fe/Acid‐MMT) via the impregnation method using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O as a precursor. Meanwhile, the removal of methylene blue (MB) by heterogeneous Fenton‐like reaction using Fe/Acid‐MMT as catalyst was evaluated. The material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoeletron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N2 adsorption–desorption at low temperature, and the temperature program desorption of NH3 (NH3‐TPD) techniques.ResultsThe acidity and textural properties of the Acid‐MMT were adjusted by varying the acid activation temperature. Moreover, the amount of acidity and the surface area of the catalyst had a noticeable effect on the removal efficiency of MB. Fe‐supported Acid‐MMT activated by HNO3 at 100°C (Fe/Acid‐MMT‐100) catalyst exhibited the highest removal efficiency of MB. The removal efficiency of the MB was more than 97.8% under the following reaction conditions: H2O2 concentration of 0.85 mmol·L−1, Fe/Acid‐MMT‐100 dosage of 0.75 g°L−1, temperature of 50°C, and initial solution pH of 3.0–9.0.ConclusionAn efficient Fe/Acid‐MMT catalyst for a Fenton‐like reaction was obtained by optimizing the acid treatment temperature of Ca‐MMT. The synergistic effect between its excellent adsorption ability and the ∙OH generated from H2O2 activated by Fe/Acid‐MMT would enhance MB removal efficiency in a Fenton‐like system. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Outer and internal cuticle in the leaves of Malus (Rosaceae) in mountains and plains
Authors: Kumachova Tamara , Babosha Alexander , Ryabchenko Andrey 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe outer and internal cuticles in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) leaves on the plain and in the mountains was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The outer cuticle consisted of lamellate and homogeneous layers of the cuticle proper and cuticular layer containing electron‐transparent plates and electron‐dense dendrites. Blue fluorescence predominated in the cell wall. The cuticle fluoresced green and red. The intensity of the red part of the spectrum in the cuticle increased with altitude, and the number of electron‐transparent plates increased within the cuticular layer. The cell wall on both leaf sides was the thinnest in the arid conditions (300 m). At an altitude of 600 m, under favorable temperature and rainfall conditions, the cuticle thickness increased due to the cuticular layer adjacent to the cell wall. The internal cuticle was distinguished by intense yellow or red autofluorescence, similar in color and spectrum to the outer cuticle. The outer and internal cuticles had cuticular folds. The average distance between the ridges of the internal cuticle was almost the same in the samples at different altitudes. The ridge height was maximum at 600 m.Research highlights
The altitudinal effects on outer and internal cuticles in apple leaves were studied.
In the forest‐mountain zone, the cuticle thickness increased due to the cuticular layer adjacent to the cell wall.
The cell wall was the thinnest in arid conditions.
Phase estimation for investigating the optical and mechanical properties of Monocryl suture for soft tissue approximation and ligation
Authors: El‐Rashidy Noha M. , El‐Bakary Mohammed A. , Omar Emam , El‐Sayed Nayera M. , Hamza Ahmed A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMonocryl is a bio‐absorbable suture composed of a polyglycolide and poly‐epsiloncaprolactone copolymer material and is considered a promising candidate for soft tissues approximation. Consequently, the physical, mechanical, and morphological properties are essential for the surgeons to select the suitable suture for their surgical perform. In this article, Mach Zehnder interferometer equipped with a mechanical drawing device are used for evaluating the mechanical properties and a better understanding of how the Monocryl suture reacts to loading. The two‐dimensional fast Fourier transform is applied to extract the phase from the captured interference microinterferograms at different draw ratios. The extracted phase helps to determine some opto‐mechanical and structural properties of Monocryle suture. Quantitative structure–activity relationships model is employed for investigating the biological activity of the tested suture. The stress–strain behavior of Monocryl suture has a J‐shaped behavior which compatible with the behavior of the soft tissues. The molecular electrostatic potential maps showed that Monocryl model structure is proved to be electrophilic interplays.
Soil nutrients and plant uptake parameters as related to greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Abbasi Naeem A. , Madramootoo Chandra A. , Zhang Tiequan , Tan Chin S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFertilizer and water management practices have short‐ and long‐term effects on soil chemical and physical properties and, in turn, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The goal of this 4‐yr field study was to establish the relationships between soil properties, agronomic practices, and GHG (CO2 and N2O) emissions under different fertilizer and water table management practices. There were two fertilizer treatments: inorganic fertilizer (IF) and a mix of solid cattle manure and inorganic fertilizer (SCM), combined with tile drainage(DR) and controlled drainage with subirrigation(CDS). The cropping system was a maize (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation. Nitrogen in biomass (BMN) and N in grain (GRN) were measured and used to calculate other plant N parameters. Nitrous oxide and CO2 fluxes were collected weekly, and their respective cumulative emissions were calculated. The results show that soil organic matter (OM), soil total carbon (C), and soil total nitrogen (N) were greater in SCM than IF by 23.7, 35.2, and 24.4%, respectively. Water table management did not significantly affect soil N and C. Increased CO2 emissions were witnessed under higher soil OM, soil total C, and total N. Plant N uptake parameters were negatively correlated with N2O and CO2 emissions. Higher plant N uptake can reduce environmental pollution by limiting N2O and CO2 emissions.
Synthetic strategies for 1,4,5/4,5‐substituted azoles: A perspective review
Authors: Kamal Raj , Kumar Ashish , Kumar Ravinder 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAzole nucleus represents an important class of biologically active compounds that are gaining more attention in the field of medicinal chemistry due to large number of structure diversity. Among azoles, pyrazoles, and isoxazoles five‐membered nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds are associated wide range of biological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, etc. Some of azole derivatives (e.g., 1,4,5‐trisubstituted pyrazoles, 4,5‐disubstituted isoxazoles, and 4,5‐disubstituted‐1H‐pyrazoles) are still unexplored in literature, these unexplored azoles have fascinated the consideration of many researchers to study their framework synthetically and biologically. This present review is an attempt to update and understand the chemistry of unexplored pyrazoles and isoxazoles along with their medicinal importance. This article would definitely help the researchers to bring further enhancement in the synthesis of biologically active pyrazoles and isoxazoles.
Interpersonal therapy versus antidepressant medication for treatment of postpartum depression and anxiety among women with HIV in Zambia: a randomized feasibility trial
Authors: Spelke M. Bridget , Paul Ravi , Blette Bryan S. , Meltzer‐Brody Samantha , Schiller Crystal E. , Ncheka J. M. , Kasaro Margaret P. , Price Joan T. , Stringer Jeffrey S. A. , Stringer Elizabeth M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionPostpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent and debilitating disease that may affect medication adherence and thus maternal health and vertical transmission among women with HIV. We assessed the feasibility of a trial of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) versus antidepressant medication (ADM) to treat PPD and/or anxiety among postpartum women with HIV in Lusaka, Zambia.MethodsBetween 29 October 2019 and 8 September 2020, we pre‐screened women 6–8 weeks after delivery with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and diagnosed PPD or anxiety with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Consenting participants were randomized 1:1 to up to 11 sessions of IPT or daily self‐administered sertraline and followed for 24 weeks. We assessed EPDS score, Clinical Global Impression‐Severity of Illness (CGI‐S) and medication side effects at each visit and measured maternal HIV viral load at baseline and final study visit. Retention, visit adherence, change in EPDS, CGI‐S and log viral load were compared between groups with t‐tests and Wilcoxon signed rank tests; we report mean differences, relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. A participant satisfaction survey assessed trial acceptability.Results78/80 (98%) participants were retained at the final study visit. In the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic, visit adherence was greater among women allocated to ADM (9.9 visits, SD 2.2) versus IPT (8.9 visits, SD 2.4; p = 0.06). EPDS scores decreased from baseline to final visit overall, though mean change was greater in the IPT group (−13.8 points, SD 4.7) compared to the ADM group (−11.4 points, SD 5.5; p = 0.04). Both groups showed similar changes in mean log viral load from baseline to final study visit (mean difference −0.43, 95% CI −0.32, 1.18; p = 0.48). In the IPT group, viral load decreased significantly from baseline (0.9 log copies/ml, SD 1.7) to final visit (0.2 log copies/ml, SD 0.9; p = 0.01).ConclusionsThis pilot study demonstrates that a trial of two forms of PPD treatment is feasible and acceptable among women with HIV in Zambia. IPT and ADM both improved measures of depression severity; however, a full‐scale trial is required to determine whether treatment of PPD and anxiety improves maternal–infant HIV outcomes.
Diagnosis of Marginal Infiltration in Soft Tissue Sarcoma by Radiomics Approach UsingT2‐Weighted Dixon Sequence
Authors: Lee Seungeun , Jung Joon‐Yong , Nam Yoonho , Jung Chan‐Kwon , Lee So‐Yeon , Lee Jooyeon , Shin Seung‐Han , Chung Yang‐Guk 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundDetermination of preoperative soft tissue sarcoma (STS) margin is crucial for patient prognosis.PurposeTo evaluate diagnostic performance of radiomics model using T2‐weighted Dixon sequence for infiltration degree of STS margin.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationSeventy‐two STS patients consisted of training (n = 58) and test (n = 14) sets.Field Strength/SequenceA 3.0 T; T2‐weighted Dixon images.AssessmentPathologic result of marginal infiltration in STS (circumscribed margin;n = 27, group 1, focally infiltrative margin;n = 31, group 2‐A, diffusely infiltrative margin;n = 14, group 2‐B) was the reference standard. Radiomic volume and shape (VS) and other (T2) features were extracted from entire tumor volume and margin, respectively. Twelve radiomics models were generated using four combinations of classifier algorithms (R, SR, LR, LSR) and three different inputs (VS, T2, VS + T2 [VST2] features) to differentiate the three groups. Three radiologists (reader 1, 2, 3) analyzed the marginal infiltration with 6–scale confidence score.Statistical TestsArea under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and concordance rate.ResultsAveraged AUCs of R, SR, LR, LSR models were 0.438, 0.466, 0.438, 0.466 using VS features, 0.596, 0.584, 0.814, 0.815 using T2 features, and 0.581, 0.587, 0.821, 0.821 using VST2 features, respectively. The LR and LSR models constructed with T2 or VST2 features showed higher AUC and concordance rate compared to radiologists' analysis (AUC; 0.730, 0.675, 0.706, concordance rate; 0.46, 0.43, 0.47 in reader 1, 2, 3).Data ConclusionRadiomics model constructed with features from tumor margin on T2‐weighted Dixon sequence is a promising method for differentiating infiltration degree of STS margin.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 2
Quantitative Assessment of Regional Pulmonary Transit Times in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Moore Jackson E. , Cerne John W. , Pathrose Ashitha , Veer Manik , Sarnari Roberto , Ragin Ann , Carr James C. , Markl Michael 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) contributes to restricted flow through the pulmonary circulation characterized by elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure acquired from invasive right heart catheterization (RHC). MRI may provide a noninvasive alternative for diagnosis and characterization of PH.PurposeTo characterize PH via quantification of regional pulmonary transit times (rPTT).Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 43 patients (58% female); 24 controls (33% female). RHC‐confirmed patients classified as World Health Organization (WHO) subgroups 1–4.Field Strength/SequenceA 1.5 T/time‐resolved contrast‐enhanced MR Angiography (CE‐MRA).AssessmentCE‐MRA data volumes were combined into a 4D matrix (3D resolution + time). Contrast agent arrival time was defined as the peak in the signal‐intensity curve generated for each voxel. Average arrival times within a vessel region of interest (ROI) were normalized to the main pulmonary artery ROI (t0) for eight regions to define rPTT for all subjects. Subgroup analysis included grouping the four arterial and four venous regions. Intraclass correlation analysis completed for reproducibility.Statistical TestsAnalysis of covariance with age as covariate. A priori Student's t‐tests or Wilcoxon rank‐sum test; α = 0.05. Results compared to controls unless noted. Significant without listing P value. ICC ran as two‐way absolute agreement model with two observers.ResultsPH patients demonstrated elevated rPTT in all vascular regions; average rPTT increase in arterial and venous branches was 0.85 ± 0.15 seconds (47.7%) and 1.0 ± 0.18 seconds (16.9%), respectively. Arterial rPTT was increased for all WHO subgroups; venous regions were elevated for subgroups 2 and 4 (group 1, P = 0.86; group 3, P = 0.32). No significant rPTT differences were found between subgroups (P = 0.094–0.94). Individual vessel ICC values ranged from 0.58 to 0.97.Data ConclusionNoninvasive assessment of PH using standard‐of‐care time‐resolved CE‐MRA can detect increased rPTT in PH patients of varying phenotypes compared to controls.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 3.
Changing compound rainfall events in Tasmania
Authors: Earl Nick , Remenyi Tom A. , King Andrew , Love Peter T. , Rollins D. , Harris Rebecca M. B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhile extreme weather and climate events have been studied for several decades, analysis of compound events has only begun in recent years. In this burgeoning field there are still many open questions around the optimal methodology and analysis tools for analysis. After consultation with state emergency services in Tasmania, Australia, we examined which compound events have the largest impacts on their organizations. Through this consultation process we found that many of the severe flooding events in the state do not coincide with the highest rainfall days. Flooding on intense rainfall days is well understood, but flooding can also occur on days where the rainfall is not particularly extreme, especially if catchments are already saturated. Using the Australian Gridded Climate Data and six dynamically downscaled, Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5, bias adjusted Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 models we developed a method to quantify such compounding events to examine how they are changing from 1961 to 2100. We optimized a pre‐existing technique to estimate the antecedent conditions in catchments, combined with daily rainfall. We found that during 1961–2017, the number of compound rainfall events has been decreasing in the four Tasmanian catchments we studied, although the trend was statistically significant in only one case. The intensity of compound rainfall events was found to have increased significantly in some areas. Many future projections place Tasmania at the boundary of a drying trend to the west and wetting trend to the east and the position of this boundary varies between models leading to contrasting projected changes for parts of Tasmania. However, there is projected to be a decline in rainfall to 2100 associated with the southward shift in the storm‐track. Compound rainfall events are projected to decline throughout Tasmania, except in the south which will remain stable to 2100. The intensities are projected to increase in the south and decrease in the west, related to the changing thermodynamics and dynamics of rainfall drivers in the region in a warmer climate.
Microbiological quality of enteral formulations handled at home: A systematic review
Authors: Uniat Kelly Cristina , Stangarlin‐Fiori Lize , Krüger Jenifer Faria , Schieferdecker Maria Eliana Madalosso , Rabito Estela Iraci 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundStudies have shown an increase in the number of patients who use enteral nutrition at home and the benefits of this type of nutrition care. However, little is known about the risk of bacterial contamination of enteral formulations prepared at home. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the microbiological quality of home‐prepared enteral formulations.MethodsThis study is a systematic review, registered in PROSPERO. The search for articles was carried out in databases and gray literature. Eligible studies that microbiologically analyzed homemade enteral preparations (HEPs), blended enteral preparations (BEPs), and commercial enteral formulas (CEFs) that were prepared at home were selected. The types and quantities of microorganisms, sources of contamination in the handling area, and the consequences of contamination (signs and symptoms) were the subjects extracted from the studies.ResultsFive studies evaluated 217 enteral formulations. It was found that 72.81% of the enteral formulations exceeded the acceptable bacterial count in the case of at least one of the analyzed microorganisms. This result corresponded to 93.58% (n = 73) of the HEPs, 81.96% (n = 50) of the BEPs, and 44.87% (n = 35) of the CEFs. The presence of 10 different microorganisms was identified in the enteral formulations, and total coliforms and mesophilic aerobics were the microorganisms found in the greatest quantity in the samples.ConclusionThe three types of home‐prepared enteral formulations showed unsatisfactory microbiological quality, indicating poor hygiene conditions during food handling.