bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attributing observed permafrost warming in the northern hemisphere to anthropogenic climate change
Authors: Gudmundsson Lukas , Kirchner Josefine , Gädeke Anne , Noetzli Jeannette , Biskaborn Boris K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Permafrost temperatures are increasing globally with the potential of adverse environmental and socio-economic impacts. Nonetheless, the attribution of observed permafrost warming to anthropogenic climate change has relied mostly on qualitative evidence. Here, we compare long permafrost temperature records from 15 boreholes in the northern hemisphere to simulated ground temperatures from Earth system models contributing to CMIP6 using a climate change detection and attribution approach. We show that neither pre-industrial climate variability nor natural drivers of climate change suffice to explain the observed warming in permafrost temperature averaged over all boreholes. However, simulations are consistent with observations if the effects of human emissions on the global climate system are considered. Moreover, our analysis reveals that the effect of anthropogenic climate change on permafrost temperature is detectable at some of the boreholes. Thus, the presented evidence supports the conclusion that anthropogenic climate change is the key driver of northern hemisphere permafrost warming.
Costs of forest carbon sequestration in the presence of climate change impacts
Authors: Golub Alla , Sohngen Brent , Cai Yongyang , Kim John , Hertel Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Forests play a critical role in mitigating climate change, and, at the same time, are predicted to experience large-scale impacts of climate change that will affect the efficiency of forests in mitigation efforts. Projections of future carbon sequestration potential typically do not account for the changing economic costs of timber and agricultural production and land use change. We integrated a dynamic forward-looking economic optimization model of global land use with results from a dynamic global vegetation model and meta-analysis of climate impacts on crop yields to project future carbon sequestration in forests. We find that the direct impacts of climate change on forests, represented by changes in dieback and forest growth, and indirect effects due to lost crop productivity, together result in a net gain of 17 Gt C in aboveground forest carbon storage from 2000 to 2100. Increases in climate-driven forest growth rates will result in an 81%–99% reduction in costs of reaching a range of global forest carbon stock targets in 2100, while the increases in dieback rates are projected to raise the costs by 57%–132%. When combined, these two direct impacts are expected to reduce the global costs of climate change mitigation in forests by more than 70%. Inclusion of the third, indirect impact of climate change on forests through reduction in crop yields, and the resulting expansion of cropland, raises the costs by 11%–38% and widens the uncertainty range. While we cannot rule out the possibility of climate change increasing mitigation costs, the central outcomes of the simultaneous impacts of climate change on forests and agriculture are 64%–86% reductions in the mitigation costs. Overall, the results suggest that concerns about climate driven dieback in forests should not inhibit the ambitions of policy makers in expanding forest-based climate solutions.
Factorization of Ising correlations C(M, N) for ν = −k and M + N odd, M ⩽ N, T < T
c and their lambda extensions
Authors: Boukraa S , Cosgrove C , Maillard J-M , McCoy B M 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the factorizations of Ising low-temperature correlations C(M, N) for ν = −k and M + N odd, M ⩽ N, for both the cases M ≠ 0 where there are two factors, and M = 0 where there are four factors. We find that the two factors for M ≠ 0 satisfy the same non-linear differential equation and, similarly, for M = 0 the four factors each satisfy Okamoto sigma-form of Painlevé VI equations with the same Okamoto parameters. Using a Landen transformation we show, for M ≠ 0, that the previous non-linear differential equation can actually be reduced to an Okamoto sigma-form of Painlevé VI equation. For both the two and four factor case, we find that there is a one parameter family of boundary conditions on the Okamoto sigma-form of Painlevé VI equations which generalizes the factorization of the correlations C(M, N) to an additive decomposition of the corresponding sigma’s solutions of the Okamoto sigma-form of Painlevé VI equation which we call lambda extensions. At a special value of the parameter, the lambda-extensions of the factors of C(M, N) reduce to homogeneous polynomials in the complete elliptic functions of the first and second kind. We also generalize some Tracy–Widom (Painlevé V) relations between the sum and difference of sigma’s to this Painlevé VI framework.
Speed of evolution in entangled fermionic systems
Authors: Canseco J Sahory , Valdés-Hernández Andrea 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe consider the simplest identical-fermion system that exhibits the phenomenon of entanglement (beyond exchange correlations) to analyze its speed of evolution toward an orthogonal state, and revisit the relation between this latter and the amount of fermionic entanglement. A characterization of the quantum speed limit and the orthogonality times is performed, throwing light into the general structure of the faster and the slower states. Such characterization holds not only for fermionic composites, but apply more generally to a wide family of six-dimensional states, irrespective of the specific nature of the system. Further, it is shown that the connection between speed of evolution and entanglement in the fermionic system, though more subtle than in composites of distinguishable parties, may indeed manifest for certain classes of states.
Microstructure, mechanical and thermal properties of titanium matrix composites with different reinforcements
Authors: Pan Hengpei , Ding Liang , Xu Yali , Li Longteng , Chen Jieming , Wang Shuo , Jiang Peng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, three titanium matrix composites (TMCs) reinforced with graphite, graphene, and boron carbide (B4C) were fabricated through powder metallurgical techniques. The morphologies of grains and secondary phases of these TMCs were observed through Optical Micrograph (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results of the mechanical properties of the TMCs showed that B4C was the most effective in increasing the strength and hardness, while the strengthening effect was comparable between graphite and graphene. The plasticity of the graphene reinforced TMC decreased sharply because of the formation of strip-like agglomerations. The small size, large volume fraction, and uniform distribution of the secondary phases contributed to the enhancement of strength and hardness in boron carbide reinforced TMC. Although the thermal properties of the TMCs were lower than pure titanium in the temperature range of 25 ∼ 300 °C, the thermal conductivities of the TMCs were all above 15.6W m−1·K.
Compressive mechanical properties and shape memory effect of NiTi gradient lattice structures fabricated by laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Chen Wei , Gu Dongdong , Yang Jiankai , Yang Qin , Chen Jie , Shen Xianfeng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Laser additive manufacturing (AM) of lattice structures with light weight, excellent impact resistance, and energy absorption performance is receiving considerable attention in aerospace, transportation, and mechanical equipment application fields. In this study, we designed four gradient lattice structures (GLSs) using the topology optimization method, including the unidirectional GLS, the bi-directional increasing GLS, the bi-directional decreasing GLS and the none-GLS. All GLSs were manufactureed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The uniaxial compression tests and finite element analysis were conducted to investigate the influence of gradient distribution features on deformation modes and energy absorption performance of GLSs. The results showed that, compared with the 45° shear fracture characteristic of the none-GLS, the unidirectional GLS, the bi-directional increasing GLS and the bi-directional decreasing GLS had the characteristics of the layer-by-layer fracture, showing considerably improved energy absorption capacity. The bi-directional increasing GLS showed a unique combination of shear fracture and layer-by-layer fracture, having the optimal energy absorption performance with energy absorption and specific energy absorption of 235.6 J and 9.5 J g−1 at 0.5 strain, respectively. Combined with the shape memory effect of NiTi alloy, multiple compression-heat recovery experiments were carried out to verify the shape memory function of LPBF-processed NiTi GLSs. These findings have potential value for the future design of GLSs and the realization of shape memory function of NiTi components through laser AM.
A coarse-fine reading recognition method for pointer meters based on CNN and computer vision
Authors: Hou Liqun , Sun Xiaopeng , Wang Sen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To enhance the robustness and remove the accumulative error of existing methods, this paper proposes a novel coarse-fine pointer meter reading recognition approach using CNN in the whole recognition procedure. Firstly, the Mask R-CNN is employed to localize the dial position of a meter. Secondly, the dial center is determined by using all the digital scale regions recognized by the R-CNN, while the pointer is extracted by using the regional growth method. The meter’s rough reading is then accomplished according to the position of the pointer and its two closest scale marks found by circular scale searching. Finally, the meter’s exact reading value is recognized by using the proposed CNN model. A set of reading recognition experiments on various meters, meters with disturbances, and on-site meters have been conducted to verify the proposed approach. The experimental results show that the proposed method is robust under various environments and its maximum fiducial error in all the experiments is 0.63%, which is less than the error of the existing methods.
grenepipe: a flexible, scalable and reproducible pipeline to automate variant calling from sequence reads
Authors: Czech Lucas , Exposito-Alonso Moises 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Summary
We developed grenepipe, an all-in-one Snakemake workflow to streamline the data processing from raw high-throughput sequencing data of individuals or populations to genotype variant calls. Our pipeline offers a range of popular software tools within a single configuration file, automatically installs software dependencies, is highly optimized for scalability in cluster environments and runs with a single command.

Availability and implementation
grenepipe is published under the GPLv3 and freely available at github.com/moiexpositoalonsolab/grenepipe.
Infectious Proctitis due to Human Mpox
Authors: Gedela Keerti , Da Silva Fontoura Dayana , Salam Alex , Gorman Gerry , Golden John , O’Hara Geraldine , Elowaidy Ahmed , Tittle Victoria , Girometti Nicolo , Whitlock Gary , Patel Sheel , Suchak Tara , Nugent Diarmuid , Asboe David , Boffito Marta , McOwan Alan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We describe 2 cases of infectious proctitis secondary to human monkeypox in patients presenting with rectal pain.
These cases highlight the importance of multidisciplinary management of monkeypox and in expanding case definitions and enabling clinical recognition in patients presenting without skin rash.
LiqBioer: a manually curated database of cancer biomarkers in body fluid
Authors: Geng Yiding , Jin Lu , Tang Guangjue , Zhao Zhangxiang , Gu Yunyan , Yang Dan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Cancer biomarkers are measurable indicators that play vital roles in clinical applications. Biomarkers in body fluids have gained considerable attention since the development of liquid biopsy, and their data volume is rapidly increasing. Nevertheless, current research lacks the compilation of published cancer body fluid biomarkers into a centralized and sustainable repository for researchers and clinicians, despite a handful of small-scale and specific data resources. To fulfill this purpose, we developed liquid biomarker (LiqBioer) containing 6231 manually curated records from 3447 studies, covering 3056 biomarkers and 74 types of cancer in 22 tissues. LiqBioer allows users to browse and download comprehensive information on body liquid biomarkers, including cancer types, source studies and clinical usage. As a comprehensive resource for body fluid biomarkers of cancer, LiqBioer is a powerful tool for researchers and clinicians to query and retrieve biomarkers in liquid biopsy.

Database URL
http://www.medsysbio.org:8080/LiqBioer
Chronic kidney disease in patients with congenital heart disease: a nationwide, register-based cohort study
Authors: Gillesén Mikaela , Fedchenko Maria , Giang Kok Wai , Dimopoulos Konstantinos , Eriksson Peter , Dellborg Mikael , Mandalenakis Zacharias 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Aims
To investigate the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in young patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) (age 0–47 years) compared with age- and sex-matched controls without CHD.

Methods and results
Using data from the Swedish National Patient Register and the Cause of Death Register, 71,936 patients with CHD (50.2% male) born between 1970 and 2017 were identified. Each patient with CHD was matched by sex and age to 10 controls without CHD (n = 714,457). Follow-up data were collected for patients with CHD and controls until 2017. During a median follow-up of 13.5 (5.8; 25.5) years, 379 (0.5%) patients with CHD and 679 (0.1%) controls developed CKD. The risk of CKD was 6.4 times higher in patients with CHD than controls [95% confidence interval (CI): 5.65–7.27] and was highest in patients with severe non-conotruncal defects [hazard ratio (HR): 11.31; 95% CI: 7.37–17.36]. Compared with matched controls, the absolute and relative risks of CKD were greater for CHD patients born between 1997 and 2017 (HR: 9.98; 95% CI: 8.05–13.37) (incidence 39.5 per 100 000 person-years). The risk of CKD remained significantly higher after adjusting for hypertension, acute kidney injury, and diabetes mellitus (HR: 4.37; 95% CI: 3.83–5.00).

Conclusion
Although the absolute risk of CKD in young patients with CHD is relatively low, patients with CHD are six times more likely to develop CKD than non-CHD controls up to the age of 47 years. Further data are needed to inform guidelines on the prevention and follow-up of CKD in CHD patients.
Patient reported experience and adherence to remote patient management in chronic heart failure patients: a posthoc analysis of the TIM-HF2 trial
Authors: Prescher Sandra , Winkler Sebastian , Riehle Leonhard , Hiddemann Meike , Moeller Volker , Collins Claudia , Deckwart Oliver , Spethmann Sebastian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsRemote patient management (RPM) enables early detection and prevention of deterioration in heart failure (HF) patients by measuring vital parameters. The analysis objective is to assess patient reported experience with RPM, adherence to daily measurements, and outline affecting factors both.Methods and resultsTelemedical interventional management in-HF2 was conducted in 2013–18 with 1 538 HF patients with a 12-month follow-up. Under guidance of HF nurses, patients had to measure daily weight, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, and self-rated health status. At the end of the study, patients received a programme survey to analyse patient perceptions and satisfaction with telemedicine care and study organization. Adherence was distinguished between measurement of at least one [incomplete adherence (IA)] and all vital parameters [complete adherence (CA)] and defined as ratio of the number of days of measurements taken divided by the number of days of possible measurements. All data and group differences were analysed descriptively (mean ± SD) and by analysis of variance and t-test. Survey response rate was 79.7%. Patients were satisfied with the programme and device usability. CA was 89.1 ± 14.1%, consistently high over the study course and independent of severity of disease (left ventricular ejection fraction, N terminals pro brain natriuretic peptide, New York Heart Association). Lower IA was found with patients &lt;70 years and prior to unplanned cardiovascular (CV) hospitalizations (difference by −5.2 ± 20.5%) and after unplanned CV hospitalizations compared with the entire study period (lower by −12.8 ± 24.7%). Patients from rural areas were found to have higher CA than patients from urban regions.ConclusionsWith user-friendly devices, pre-interventional patient training, regular patient contact and close cooperation between primary physicians and telemedical centre, a long-lasting high adherence and satisfaction could be achieved. A change in adherence might detect health deterioration and indicate the need to intensify RPM.RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01878630) and Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien (DRKS00010239).
genomicSimulation: fast R functions for stochastic simulation of breeding programs
Authors: Villiers Kira , Dinglasan Eric , Hayes Ben J , Voss-Fels Kai P 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Simulation tools are key to designing and optimizing breeding programs that are multiyear, high-effort endeavors. Tools that operate on real genotypes and integrate easily with other analysis software can guide users toward crossing decisions that best balance genetic gains and genetic diversity required to maintain gains in the future. Here, we present genomicSimulation, a fast and flexible tool for the stochastic simulation of crossing and selection based on real genotypes. It is fully written in C for high execution speeds, has minimal dependencies, and is available as an R package for the integration with R’s broad range of analysis and visualization tools. Comparisons of a simulated recreation of a breeding program to a real data set demonstrate the simulated offspring from the tool correctly show key population features, such as genomic relationships and approximate linkage disequilibrium patterns. Both versions of genomicSimulation are freely available on GitHub: The R package version at https://github.com/vllrs/genomicSimulation/ and the C library version at https://github.com/vllrs/genomicSimulationC/.
Surviving Through Solitude: A Prospective National Study of the Impact of the Early COVID-19 Pandemic and a Visiting Ban on Loneliness Among Nursing Home Residents in Sweden
Authors: Gustafsson Per E , Schröders Julia , Nilsson Ingeborg , San Sebastián Miguel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Targeted social distancing measures were widely implemented for nursing home residents when the extremely high coronavirus disease 2019 mortality in this setting became apparent. However, there is still scarce rigorous research examining how the pandemic and accompanying social distancing measures affected loneliness in this group. This prospective nationwide Swedish study of nursing home residents aimed to examine the impact on loneliness of the early phase of the pandemic and of a national visiting ban at nursing homes.

Methods
A panel was selected from a total population survey of all nursing home residents in Sweden March–May 2019 and 2020 (N = 11,782; age range 70–110 years; mean age 88.2 years; 71% women). Prospective pretest–posttest and controlled interrupted time series (ITS) designs were employed, with time trends estimated by date of returned questionnaire. Generalized linear models were used for estimation of effects, adjusting for demographic-, survey-, and health-related covariates.

Results
Loneliness prevalence increased from 17% to 19% from 2019 to 2020 (risk ratio, RR (95% confidence interval, CI) = 1.104 (1.060; 1.150)), but which was explained by self-reported health (RR (95% CI) = 1.023 (0.982; 1.066)). No additional impact of the visiting ban on loneliness trends was found in the ITS analyses (RR (95% CI) = 0.984 (0.961; 1.008)).

Discussion
The moderate but health-dependent increased risk of loneliness, and the lack of impact of the nationwide visiting ban at nursing homes, suggests that this ostensibly vulnerable group of nursing home residents also shows signs of resilience, at least during the early phase of the pandemic.
Ultrasound location of ground-glass opacity during thoracoscopic surgery
Authors: Messina Gaetana , Bove Mary , Natale Giovanni , Noro Antonio , Martone Mario , Opromolla Giorgia , Di Filippo Vincenzo , Leonardi Beatrice , Fasano Morena , Polito Rita , Fiorelli Alfonso , Santini Mario , Vicidomini Giovanni 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Application of video-assisted thoracoscopy brought lung surgery into the minimally invasive era; the lack of tactile feedback using VATS, remains a disadvantage because surgeons are unable to locate lesions with a finger or device. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness, the applicability and the utility of intraoperative ultrasound (IU), for the localization of small ground-glass opacity (GGO) lesions in the parenchyma, as a guide in finding their margins in a deflated lung.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
We included 15 consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic resection of GGOs via VATS in the Thoracic Surgery Unit of the University of ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’ of Naples from November 2019 to December 2021. They were under general anaesthesia, when the lung had been collapsed, the probe was placed in the region where the target lesion was thought to reside on the basis of low-dose computed tomography scanning. GGO could be identified their sizes, echo levels and posterior echo was recorded by IU when the lung was completely deflated.

RESULTS
We conducted a retrospective single-centre study. All GGOs were identified by IU. The mean size and depth were 14.1 ± 0.5 and 4.8 ± 0.3 mm, respectively. Six (40%) lesions had hyperechoic patterns, 9 (60%) had mixed echogenicity where the hyperechoic patterns were irregularly mixed with hypoechoic patterns. The final diagnoses included 2 (15%) atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; 2 (15%) adenocarcinomas in situ; 3 (23%) minimally invasive adenocarcinomas and 6 (46%) invasive adenocarcinomas.

CONCLUSIONS
The results of our study showed that IU could safely and effectively detect GGOs.