bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linguistically Informed Acoustic and Perceptual Analysis of Bilingual Children's Speech Productions: An Exploratory Study in the Jamaican Context
Authors: León Michelle , Washington Karla N. , McKenna Victoria S. , Crowe Kathryn , Fritz Kristina 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:The aim of this study was to characterize speech acoustics in bilingual preschoolers who speak Jamaican Creole (JC) and English. We compared a standard approach with a culturally responsive approach for characterizing speech sound productions. Preschoolers' speech productions were compared to adult models from the same linguistic community as a means for providing confirmatory evidence of typical speech patterns specific to JC–English speakers.Method:Two protocols were applied to the data collected using the Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and Phonology (DEAP) Articulation subtest: (a) the standardized DEAP protocol and (b) a culturally and linguistically adapted protocol reflective of the Jamaican post-Creole (English to Creole) continuum. The protocols were used to analyze responses from JC-English–speaking preschoolers (n= 119) and adults (n= 15). Responses were analyzed using acoustic (voice onset time, whole-word duration, and vowel duration) and perceptual (percentage of consonant correct–revised and response frequencies) measures.Results:The culturally responsive protocol captured variation in the frequency and acoustic differences produced in the post-Creole continuum, with higher amounts of “other” responses compared to “standard” target responses for both children and adults. Adults' whole-word durations were shorter and showed more consistent prevoicing during initial plosives compared to the children.Conclusions:Applying culturally responsive methods, including knowledge of the variation produced in the post-Creole continuum and with adult models from the same linguistic community, improved the ecological validity of speech characterizations for JC–English preschoolers. Acoustic properties of speech should be investigated further as a means of describing bilingual development and distinguishing between difference and disorder.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20249382
An improved nonlocal means‐based correction strategy for mixed noise removal
Authors: Shao Yuhao , Jiang Jielin , Hong Xiangming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNoise removal is a classic problem. Most researchers focus on Gaussian noise removal due to the regularity of the noise distribution, while mixed noise removal is always challenging because of the uncertainty of the noise distribution. Mixtures of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) with salt‐and‐pepper impulse noise (SPIN) and mixtures of AWGN with random‐valued impulse noise (RVIN) are typical examples of mixed noise. Most mixed noise removal methods are effective in the removal of mixed AWGN and SPIN, but perform poorly in the removal of AWGN and RVIN. The main reason is the randomness of RVIN, which leads to poor denoising performance when the RVIN is strong. In this paper, an improved nonlocal means‐based correction strategy (INS) is proposed. In INS, an improved nonlocal means strategy is applied to replace the impulse noise pixels to make the mixed noise obey an approximate Gaussian distribution. To prove the validity of INS, a convolutional neural network (CNN) in combination with INS (CNNINS) is applied to remove mixed noise. Experimental results are used to compare the proposed CNNINS with the most advanced mixed noise removal methods.
QPNet: Lane‐changing trajectory planning combining quadratic programming and neural network under the convex optimization framework
Authors: Wang Ying , Wei Chong , Li Shurong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLane‐changing is a basic driving behaviour, which largely impacts on traffic safety and efficiency. With the development of technology, the automated lane‐changing system has attracted extensive attention. Among it, the trajectory planning part is a challenging problem owing to the complexity and diversity of the driving situations. The planner requires the real‐time capability to produce safe and comfortable trajectories for coping with the dynamically changing environment. Based on this, the paper proposes a lane‐changing trajectory planning model in dynamic driving environments. The model constructs a neural network to predict the end position of the ego vehicle, and then adopts the mathematical programming method to solve the optimal lane‐changing trajectory that guarantees the ride safety and comfort. With the assistance of the neural network, the lane‐changing trajectory planning problem is converted into a quadratic programming (QP) model, thereby achieving rapid solution of the model. Moreover, to train the proposed algorithm, a novel approach for generating the scenario data is designed, which can generate rich and diverse traffic scenarios at a low cost. The simulation results show that the proposed model can plan a lane‐changing trajectory quickly and effectively, and the ego vehicle can follow the planned trajectory safely and comfortably.
A single‐layer circularly polarized planar lens antenna at millimetre‐wave
Authors: Sadeghi‐Marasht Samaneh , Rahimi Mohammad Reza , Sharawi Mohammad S. , Zhu Anding 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel single‐layer planar lens antenna with the capability of keeping circular polarization (CP) of the incoming CP wave and enhanced gain for millimetre‐wave applications. Because of the symmetric design of the lens unit cell, a 90‐degree phase difference between two modes of the incoming CP wave can be maintained with high amplitude. Furthermore, the phase variations created by the designed unit cells change the phase of the incoming wave and result in antenna gain enhancement. Two different feeding antennas, a CP patch antenna and a 2 × 2 CP antenna array, are used as the feeding section to evaluate the performance of the proposed lens. Maximum gains of 19.2 dBiC and 23.4 dBiC with −10 dB impedance bandwidths of 3.5% and 2.9% at Ka‐band are reported for the proposed lens fed by these two CP antennas, respectively, while keeping the axial ratio value below 3 dB. The substrate material of the proposed lens design is RO4003 C with the total dimensions of 9.79λ0 × 9.79λ0 × 0.047λ0 (where λ0 is the free space wavelength at 28 GHz). The measurements conducted on the fabricated prototypes agree very well with the simulation and analysis results.
Penile Prosthesis in Transgender Men after Phalloplasty
Authors: Purohit Rajveer S. , Kent Marissa , Djordjevic Miroslav L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA penile prosthesis can be successfully implanted after phalloplasty in transgender men to permit sexual intercourse. A prosthesis can be categorized as malleable or inflatable. The most common penile prosthesis implanted after masculinizing genital surgery is the inflatable prosthesis but this can be a challenging operation with high complication rates. Penile prosthesis in transgender patients differs from cis-patients in many respects but one critical difference is the absence of the tough, protective tunica of the corporal body to contain the prosthesis. This causes greater mobility of the prosthesis under the skin and increases the risk of migration and erosion of the device through the skin. In addition, to overcome the absence of a corpora cavernosa, the proximal portion of the prosthesis must be anchored to bone. Complications include injury to the urethra, vascular injury, skin breakdown, infection, device migration, device failure, extrusion, and erosion. There is no robust data on the use of penile prosthesis in transgender men with only multiple reports of small numbers of patients. While successful implantation can improve patients' quality of life, surgeons should counsel patients about the relatively high risk of the need for revision surgery.
Assessment of Indonesian-Language Orthodontics-Related YouTube Video as a Source of Information
Authors: Hariyani Ninuk , Rahmawati Aurellia , Rachmawati Yuanita Lely , Rahardjo Anton , Maharani Diah Ayu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectives Health-seeking behavior through social media including orthodontics treatment has become popular among community in Indonesia. However, the characteristics of uploaded video in term of quality, reliability, and usefulness are unknown. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of Indonesian-language orthodontic-related YouTube videos uploaded.Materials and Methods This study adopted cross-sectional design and analyzed 300 videos as the sample. A final 100 related videos were included for analysis of the quality, usefulness, and reliability of the video uploaded as well as viewers' interaction in term of popularity and visibility. Mann–Whitney's test was used for the statistical analysis.Results The majority of the videos were uploaded by individual users (60%) with moderate quality, usefulness, and reliability. Statistical analysis showed that orthodontics-related YouTube videos uploaded by individuals have lower popularity and reliability compared with health professional (p < 0.05).Conclusion Most of the Indonesian-language orthodontic-related YouTube videos have moderate quality, usefulness, and reliability. There is a need from health professional to contribute more related video as main source of health information for the general to make healthy health-seeking behavior.
SARS-CoV-2-Induced Immunosuppression: A Molecular Mimicry Syndrome
Authors: Kanduc Darja 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground Contrary to immunological expectations, decay of adaptive responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) characterizes recovered patients compared with patients who had a severe disease course or died following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This raises the question of the causes of the virus-induced immune immunosuppression. Searching for molecular link(s) between SARS-CoV-2 immunization and the decay of the adaptive immune responses, SARS-CoV-2 proteome was analyzed for molecular mimicry with human proteins related to immunodeficiency. The aim was to verify the possibility of cross-reactions capable of destroying the adaptive immune response triggered by SARS-CoV-2.Materials and Methods Human immunodeficiency–related proteins were collected from UniProt database and analyzed for sharing of minimal immune determinants with the SARS-CoV-2 proteome.Results Molecular mimicry and consequent potential cross-reactivity exist between SARS-CoV-2 proteome and human immunoregulatory proteins such as nuclear factor kappa B (NFKB), and variable diversity joining V(D)J recombination-activating gene (RAG).Conclusion The data (1) support molecular mimicry and the associated potential cross-reactivity as a mechanism that can underlie self-reactivity against proteins involved in B- and T-cells activation/development, and (2) suggest that the extent of the immunosuppression is dictated by the extent of the immune responses themselves. The higher the titer of the immune responses triggered by SARS-CoV-2 immunization, the more severe can be the cross-reactions against the human immunodeficiency–related proteins, the more severe the immunosuppression. Hence, SARS-CoV-2-induced immunosuppression can be defined as a molecular mimicry syndrome. Clinically, the data imply that booster doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines may have opposite results to those expected.
Development of Cam Impingement following Operative Fixation of Acetabular Fractures
Authors: Zacharias Anthony J. , Muffly Brian T. , Zuelzer David A. , Jacobs Cale A. , Wright Raymond D. , Duncan Stephen T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe development of femoroacetabular impingement following acetabular fracture fixation is under-recognized. This study assessed radiographic changes of the hip joint after acetabular fracture fixation, and the clinical implications of associated radiographic changes. Institutional review of patients under age 40 who underwent acetabular fracture fixation from 2010 to 2016 with minimum 1-year radiographic follow-up was performed. Two independent evaluators compared immediate postoperative radiographs and those at final follow-up for basic radiographic parameters. Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and two-tailed t-tests were used to compare those with and without cam lesion development. Two-hundred twenty-four hips were reviewed, with 55 hips (53 patients) meeting inclusion criteria (age = 29.2 years, 60% male, average follow-up = 2.1 years). Average α angle increased from 53.8 to 75.5 degrees postfixation (p < 0.001). Average immediate postoperative joint space was unchanged from that at follow-up (3.6 versus 3.6 mm, p = 0.90), and there was no association between joint space narrowing and cam lesion development. Forty-four hips had postoperative α angles of less than 65 degrees. At final follow-up, 26/44 hips (59.1%) had α angles of greater than 65 degrees. Lower body mass index was an independent risk factor for increase in α-angle (p < 0.05). Hip dislocation, acetabular fracture pattern, age, and joint space narrowing were not risk factors for the development of cam deformity. Two patients had undergone hip preservation procedures at the last follow-up. Our findings identify the development of primarily femoral-sided femoroacetabular impingement following acetabular fracture fixation and highlight the importance of prolonged postoperative follow-up for these patients. Providers should scrutinize radiographs in those with new-onset pain or poor satisfaction following acetabular fixation.
Utilizing the Retrograde Flow of Internal Mammary Vessels as a Donor Pedicle
Authors: Jaiswal Dushyant , Mathews Saumya , Gupta Himanshu , Shankhdhar Vinay Kant , Mantri Mayur , Bindu Ameya , Pilania Vineet , Yadav Prabha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study is to assess the results of retrograde flow of internal mammary artery and vein (IMA/V) as a donor vessel for free flap microvascular anastomosis (MVA). This need arises with bipedicle deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps, when all four zones with extra fat need to be harvested for unilateral breast reconstruction coupled with poor midline crossover of circulation naturally or because of midline scar. Large anterolateral thigh flaps for chest wall cover, with multiple perforators from separate pedicles, also need supercharging. This needs an additional source of donor vessels, antegrade IMA/V being the first one.
Materials and Methods Retrospective study of microvascular breast reconstruction using retrograde internal mammary donor vessels.
Results Out of 35 cases, 20 cases had distal IMA/V, with retrograde flow, as donor vessel for second set of arterial and venous anastomosis. In two cases, retrograde IMA/V was used for the solitary set of MVA. In remaining 13 cases, either retrograde IMA or V was utilized either as a principal or accessory donor. No flap was lost. Venous and arterial insufficiency happened in one case each, both were salvaged. Two cases developed partial necrosis, needing debridement and suturing. One case developed marginal necrosis. Only one case developed fat necrosis with superadded infection on follow-up.
Conclusion Distal end of IMA and IMV on retrograde flow is safe for MVA as an additional or sole pedicle. It is convenient to use being in the same field. It enables preservation of other including thoracodorsal pedicle and latissimus dorsi flap for use in case of a complication or recurrence.
Imaging Features of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Lesions with Histopathological Correlation
Authors: Singh Bhanupriya , Chauhan Abhishek , Raj Gaurav 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose Most of the intramedullary spinal cord lesions have a component of insidious myelopathic changes at the time of diagnosis. Among the spinal cord lesions, intramedullary neoplasms are rare (25%). They represent 4 to 10% of all central nervous system tumors. But due to involvement of tracts, they are associated with significant neurological symptoms. Their imaging features can help early diagnosis and predict prognosis. We aim to narrow down differential diagnoses of intramedullary lesions based on imaging findings.
Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 40 patients as a sample that underwent magnetic resonance imaging spine at our institution (on 3T machine). Patient population had varied clinical complaints, ranging from headache, nausea, vomiting, motor weakness, bladder and bowel involvement, progressive paraparesis to paraplegia. Lesions were evaluated site, size, margin, associated cysts, signal intensity, enhancement, and associated syringohydromyelia.
Results This study obtained majority of the lesions to be ependymoma (15) and astrocytoma (11), followed by infection (4), hemangioblastoma (3), and metastasis (2). Five patients were either lost to follow-up or not operated on.
Conclusion Most of the intramedullary lesions were malignant and were showing postcontrast enhancement. Ependymomas were more frequently present in cervical region, central in location with well-defined margins and focal postcontrast enhancement. Among the total of 15 ependymomas, three cases were associated with neurofibromatosis-2. Ependymomas were more frequently associated with syringohydromyelia and peripheral hemorrhage (cap sign). Astrocytoma was more frequently seen in children, thoracic and eccentric in location with ill-defined margins. Enhancement in astrocytoma was dependent on the grade of tumor. Metastasis was a differential, with imaging characteristics dependent on type of primary. Intramedullary granuloma due to infection can also be confusing mimics of neoplasm. High-velocity signal loss due to flow voids is seen in the hemangioblastomas.
Step-by-Step Guide to Surface Mold Applicator-Based Brachytherapy in a Case of Early Carcinoma Penis: An Organ-Preserving Approach
Authors: Thakur Purnima , Gupta Manish , Gupta Ranjan , Singh Tarunjot , Parihar Neeraj , Ranjan Asha 
Published: July 2022

Purpose In this report we discuss an individually customized surface mold applicator technique to treat a case of early carcinoma penis. This case report is one of its kind which describes the brachytherapy treatment planning based on orthogonal X-ray technique.
Material and methods T1N0 disease with squamous cell carcinoma histology involving the foreskin of penis and abutting the glans penis was treated by surface mold applicator technique. Impression of the organ was taken using alginate. Cast was prepared from the impression using Type 4 gypsum. The acrylic mold-based applicator was fabricated on the cast. The catheters were positioned and fixed on the acrylic mold. The organ is placed in the mold-based applicator and the catheters are reconstructed on two-dimensional imaging. The brachytherapy is delivered by the 18-channel high-dose rate Oncentra brachytherapy using Ir192 source. The dose given was 45 Gy in 15 fractions, twice daily more than 6 hours apart.
Results Patient was reviewed after 6 weeks for follow-up and there was complete regression of the ulcer. At present, patient is on follow-up for the last 10 months and is now disease-free.
Conclusion With judicious patient selection, surface mold brachytherapy is an attractive alternative to the interstitial brachytherapy. It is comfortable for the patient, is easily repeatable, and is time saving in high work load and limited resource settings. Early results with this technique are promising.
Treatment Outcomes with Reduced-Dose Bortezomib in Adult Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Vallente Jeremiah R. , Cortez Carlo Francisco N. , Mirasol Ma Angelina L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives Bortezomib vial-sharing is commonly employed to maximize the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in resource-limited setting. This strategy minimizes delays in treatment but reduces the dose of bortezomib received by the patient. Herein, we aimed to determine the treatment patterns and outcomes in Filipino patients with MM who received reduced-dose bortezomib.
Methods The records of 47 adult patients with MM, seen at our institution from 2016 to 2019 and treated with reduced-dose bortezomib, were retrospectively reviewed.
Results The median age of the patients at diagnosis was 55 years; 59.6% were male. VCD (bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone) regimen was the most commonly used (70.7%) bortezomib-based treatment. Among the newly diagnosed patients, bortezomib-based treatment afforded an overall response rate of 79.3%. The median overall survival was not reached. Univariate analysis showed that the hemoglobin level affected response while age, hemoglobin and calcium levels, the choice of induction regimen, and the depth of response all had an impact on survival.
Conclusion This study is the first to investigate the real-world outcomes of reduced-dose bortezomib in MM treatment and may provide initial evidence that bortezomib vial-sharing is an acceptable strategy in the treatment of MM in resource-limited setting.
Pluricentric legal Chinese
Authors: Chan Clara Ho-yan , Galdia Marcus 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Chinese is the language of legislation and of court and administrative procedures in several jurisdictions as well
as in numerous international organizations. Its legal status differs from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and displays its
pluricentric character. Legal acts that are issued in these jurisdictions demonstrate therefore different levels of terminological
formation and other legal-linguistically relevant varieties. It is the task of legal lexicography to register lexical varieties of
legal Chinese in the relevant jurisdictions. However, in addition to all lexicological and lexicographical efforts, the question
could be asked whether terminological harmonization constitutes the appropriate answer to problems caused by pluricentric Chinese
legal terminology. It could be claimed that the task of legal linguists is not only to research but also to shape the Chinese
legal language. There exist, in fact, examples of such activities that will be closely scrutinized in this article.
Interpreter-mediated communication in cognitive assessments and psychotherapy
Authors: Scarvaglieri Claudio , Muntigl Peter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOur paper investigates interpreter-mediated communication as intercultural dialogue in psychotherapy and assessments of cognitive functioning. We rely on previously published data to demonstrate the characteristics of communication in this setting and point to challenges relating to the validity of the assessments and to the efficacy of therapy. Using analytic tools from Conversation Analysis and Discourse Analysis, we specifically investigate how interpretation affects the interactional trajectory of communication, how interpreters manage both cultural and epistemic differences between the primary participants, how they deal with potential threats to the patient’s face and how they overall facilitate intercultural dialogue. We discuss concerns about the outcome of tests achieved in these circumstances and the challenges and potentials of interpretation in therapy.