bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covid-19 and the quality of life of people with dementia and their carers—The TFD-C19 study
Authors: Daley Stephanie , Farina Nicolas , Hughes Laura , Armsby Elise , Akarsu Nazire , Pooley Joanna , Towson Georgia , Feeney Yvonne , Tabet Naji , Fine Bethany , Banerjee Sube 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
COVID-19 has placed unprecedented pressure on dementia health and social care systems worldwide. This has resulted in reduced services and support for people with dementia and their family carers. There are gaps in the evidence on the impact of the pandemic on Quality of Life (QoL). We carried out a study on the impact of the pandemic on the QoL of a group of people with dementia and their family carers who were part of a larger existing cohort study.

Methods
We quantitatively measured QoL, on two occasions during the two national lockdowns in 2020 and compared these data with those obtained when they entered the study (before the pandemic). Measures used included: DEMQOL-Proxy, Clinical Dementia Rating Scale and C-DEMQOL. To understand how QoL changed over time, a repeated measures ANOVA was run for each dependent variable with the following variables entered as co-variates: duration in study, baseline dementia severity, gender of the family carer, gender of the person with dementia, family carer relationship, dementia type, living status, age of the person with dementia, and age of the family carer.

Results
248 participants took part in the study. QoL scores did not significantly decline between either time period for the person with dementia or their family carer. There was variation in subgroups; with co-resident status, carer relationship, gender of the person with dementia, age of the person with dementia, and baseline cognitive status influencing QoL outcomes in family carers.

Discussion
It is striking that people with dementia and their carers did not report a decline in QoL during the pandemic or in the months following restrictions suggesting the possibility of resilience. Variation in subgroups suggests that specific groups of family carers were more vulnerable to lower QoL; indicating the need for more tailored, nuanced support during this period.
Lymphatic filariasis elimination status: Wuchereria bancrofti infections in human populations and factors contributing to continued transmission after seven rounds of mass drug administration in Masasi District, Tanzania
Authors: Lupenza Eliza T. , Gasarasi Dinah B. , Minzi Omary M. 
Published: January 2022

Background
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) affects more than 120 million people globally. In Tanzania, nearly six million people are estimated to live with clinical manifestations of the disease. The National LF control program was established in 2000 using Mass drug administration (MDA) of Ivermectin and Albendazole to individuals aged 5years and above. This study assessed the infection status in individuals aged 15 years and above who are eligible for participation in MDA. The level of compliance to MDA and the reasons for non-compliance to MDA were also assessed.

Methods
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in two villages of Masasi District. A total of 590 participants aged 15 years and above were screened for the circulating filarial antigen (CFA) using the rapid diagnostic test. Night blood samples from CFA positive individuals were further analyzed for detection and quantification of Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaria (Mf) using the counting chamber technique. A pre-tested questionnaire was administered to collect information on compliance to MDA and the factors affecting continued transmission. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence of CFA by gender and village where a P-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Out of 590 participants, 30 (5.1%) were positive for CFA and one (0.2%) was found positive for microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti. Compliance during the last round of MDA, in the year 2019 was 56% which is below the minimum coverage recommended by WHO. Absence from home during MDA and perceptions of being free from hydrocele or elephantiasis were the major reasons for non-compliance.

Conclusion
There is a significant decline in LF transmission in Masasi District after seven rounds of MDA. However, the presence of individuals who are persistently non-compliant may delay elimination of LF in the District.
Identification of hub genes associated with COVID-19 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Chen Qianyi , Xia Shilin , Sui Hua , Shi Xueying , Huang Bingqian , Wang Tingxin 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in late 2019, was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The risk factors for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and COVID-19 are reported to be common. This study aimed to determine the potential role of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common in IPF and COVID-19.

Materials and methods
Based on GEO database, we obtained DEGs from one SARS-CoV-2 dataset and five IPF datasets. A series of enrichment analysis were performed to identify the function of upregulated and downregulated DEGs, respectively. Two plugins in Cytoscape, Cytohubba and MCODE, were utilized to identify hub genes after a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Finally, candidate drugs were predicted to target the upregulated DEGs.

Results
A total of 188 DEGs were found between COVID-19 and IPF, out of which 117 were upregulated and 71 were downregulated. The upregulated DEGs were involved in cytokine function, while downregulated DEGs were associated with extracellular matrix disassembly. Twenty-two hub genes were upregulated in COVID-19 and IPF, for which 155 candidate drugs were predicted (adj.P.value < 0.01).

Conclusion
Identifying the hub genes aberrantly regulated in both COVID-19 and IPF may enable development of molecules, encoded by those genes, as therapeutic targets for preventing IPF progression and SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Research on the Growth of Kids in Goat Breeding with Good Flock Management
Authors: Elmaz Özkan , Beydilli Yasemin , Kahraman Durmuş , Kilinç Merve , Akbaş Aykut Asım 
Published: January 2022

This study was carried out to demonstrate the effect of "Good Flock Management" on the growth characteristics of goats. Studies conducted in the province of Burdur in Turkey under "Focused District Development Project". Goat flocks were in Beşkavak village which was selected as a model village, were used in the study. The study was carried out in 2019 in two goat flocks. The birth weights of the male and female kids were determined as 4.04 kg and 3.58 kg and 4.09 kg and 3.52 kg respectively for the first and second flock. On the90th day of the first and second flock, the live weight values of male and female kids were determined as 17.68 kg and 14.17 kg and 19.81kg and 16.94 kg respectively. Single born kids’ live weight value on the 90th day in flock 1 determined as 15.85 kg.
Severe Ocrelizumab-Induced Enterocolitis Treated Successfully With Ustekinumab
Authors: Shah Janaki , Al-Taaee Ahmad , Deepak Parakkal , Gremida Anas 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
As biologics have become the mainstay of treatment for many autoimmune diseases, their adverse effects are also being identified and described increasingly in the literature. Colitis associated with biologics is a previously described phenomenon in the literature with anti-CD20 (rituximab). The mechanism was thought to be related to B-lymphocyte depletion. We present a case of severe enterocolitis induced by another anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (ocrelizumab), highlighting a potentially promising therapeutic approach. We performed an extensive literature review and found 4 similar cases. Our case is the first to be salvaged successfully with ustekinumab.
No Effect of a Ketone Monoester on Markers of Stress and Performance in a Live-Burn Search and Rescue in Firefighters
Authors: Waldman Hunter S. , Bryant Andrea R. , Shepherd Brandon D. , Egan Brendan , McAllister Matthew J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Waldman, HS, Bryant, AR, Shepherd, BD, Egan, B, and McAllister, MJ. No effect of a ketone monoester on markers of stress and performance in a live-burn search and rescue in firefighters. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 763–771, 2022—Firefighters experience a range of stressors that impair performance and elevate the risk for developing cardiometabolic diseases. β-Hydroxybutyrate (βHB) has been shown to mitigate markers of oxidative stress and inflammation and serve as an alternative fuel with implications to physical performance. On 2 occasions in a double-blind, counterbalanced, and crossover design, 14 professional firefighters performed a live-burn, search and rescue (S&R) 30 minutes after ingestion of a ketone monoester (KME; 0.5 g·kg−1) or a placebo (PLA). Dependent variables collected before and after the S&R included salivary markers of stress and inflammation (cortisol, α-amylase, interleukin-1 beta, uric acid), perceptual markers (profile of mood state [POMS]), gastrointestinal distress (GI), rating of perceived exertion [RPE]), time to completion, and capillary blood measurement of βHB and glucose. KME resulted in capillary βHB concentrations of approximately 2.1–3.2 mM throughout the protocol. Capillary glucose concentrations were lower for the KME compared with PLA (∼7%) (interaction effect, p < 0.001). Salivary markers of stress, GI, and time to complete the S&R (∼10 minutes) did not differ between trials, although KME ingestion resulted in significantly higher RPE after the live-burn S&R (KME,6 ± 1; PLA, 4 ± 1). However, POMS data showed the KME also lowered subjective states of nervousness (KME, 0.0 ± 0.0; PLA, 0.6 ± 0.8) and anxiety (KME, 0.0 ± 0.0; PLA, 0.6 ± 0.7) before the S&R (all p < 0.05; large effect sizes). Compared with PLA, ingestion of a KME by firefighters did not mitigate the rise in various markers of salivary stress or impact physical performance during a live-burn S&R. However, differences in RPE and POMS variables were observed, suggesting a possible cognitive role for βHB.
THE The Realization of Lecturersâ€™ Code-Switching in English Teaching and Learning Process At Dian Nuswantoro Univesity
Authors: Tyas Dyah Ayu Enggaring , Rukmini Dwi , Faridi Abdurrachman 
Published: January 2022

This study was focused on the analysis of code-switching occurred in the English teaching and learning process at non-English major class. This study examined the code-switching forms and functions of code-switching in the classroom.
This study focuses on the analysis of code-switching occurred in the English teaching and learning process at non-English department class. This study examines the forms and functions of code-switching in the classroom at the lecturing process of English major as conduced at non-English department of Dian Nuswantoro university. Findings of the study showed that (1) the teaching learning process of non-English department class at Dian Nuswantoro university students employed various kinds of code-switching both by lecturers and the students with the dominant used was inter-sentential code-switching/full sentence code-switching. (2) there were various functions of code-switching utilized by the lecturer and students in the lecturing process, such as put an interjection in the middle of speech, to give emphasis toward certain topic, to repeat the speech, to give more description about certain topic, to talk about particular topic, to soften and straighten the request or command, to exclude others from the discussion, to express group identity, and to quote somebodyâ€™s utterances. Further studies hopefully can explore deeply about code-switching where lecturers teach English department students and uncover the lecturer and studentsâ€™ perception on the occurrence of code-switching as the comparison to this current study.
“Help Me Sleep”: A Quality Initiative to Reduce Overnight Vital Signs
Authors: Lin Hilary M. , Macias Charlie , McGee Caitlin , Ribbeck Melanie , Drees David , Koti Ajay , Perry Michael F. 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Sleep is an essential part of the recovery process, yet inpatient sleep quality is poor. Patients and families report that vital signs are the most bothersome overnight disruption. Obtaining vital signs every 4 hours (Q4H) is not evidence-based and is frequently ordered indiscriminately. We aimed to decrease the percentage of patient nights with vital sign checks between 12 am and 6 am in a low-risk population from 98% to 70% within 12 months to minimize overnight sleep disruptions and improve inpatient sleep.

METHODS
We conducted a quality improvement project on 3 pediatric hospital medicine teams at a large free-standing children’s hospital. Our multidisciplinary team defined low-risk patients as those admitted for hyperbilirubinemia and failure to thrive. Interventions were focused around education, electronic health record decision support, and patient safety. The outcome measure was the percentage of patient nights without a vital sign measurement between 12 am and 6 am and was analyzed by using statistical process control charts. Our process measure was the use of an appropriate vital sign order. Balancing measures included adverse patient events, specifically code blues outside the ICU and emergent transfers.

RESULTS
From March 2020 to April 2021, our pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) services admitted 449 low-risk patients for a total of 1550 inpatient nights. The percentage of patient nights with overnight vital signs decreased from 98% to 38%. There were no code blues or emergent transfers.

CONCLUSION
Our improvement interventions reduced the frequency of overnight vital sign monitoring in 2 low-risk groups without any adverse events.
Relative magnitude of two Northern Hawk-Owl (Surnia ulula) irruptions to southern Norway: comparison of citizen data and survey data
Authors: Dale Svein 
Published: January 2022

Cover photo: Northern Hawk-Owl Surnia ulula. Photo: Terje Lislevand.
The Northern Hawk-Owl Surnia ulula occurs as an irruptive species to southern parts of Fennoscandia. Large numbers of individuals were recorded in the autumns of 2016 and 2020 but assessing the relative magnitude of irruptions is challenging. Systematic surveys allow direct comparisons but are time-consuming and will therefore be limited in time and space. Citizen data may provide large amounts of information for wide areas but may in particular suffer from spatial biases in the observation effort of birdwatchers. I compared the 2016 and 2020 irruptions of Northern Hawk-Owls to southern Norway, and found that citizen data indicated that numbers in 2016 were ca. 2–3 times larger than in 2020. However, the relative magnitude differed geographically, and the 2016 irruption was larger in western and southern counties, whereas the difference was smaller in eastern counties (in particular in Innlandet county). Systematic surveys in eastern regions (Oslo and Akershus) indicated that Northern Hawk-Owl densities were similar in the two irruption years. Overall, Northern Hawk-Owls were recorded at the same rate (approximately one owl per 16 km), and density was estimated to be 0.09–0.18 individuals/km2 in 2016 and 0.08–0.13 individuals/km2 in 2020. Thus, citizen data and survey data from the same geographical region concurred. However, due to the geographical variation in relative irruption size and spatial variation in observer density and biases in observation effort, the overall difference between the two years is difficult to assess. The 2016 irruption was likely larger than the 2020 irruption, but the difference was probably smaller than suggested by citizen data.
Recommendation of RILEM TC 264 RAP on the evaluation of asphalt recycling agents for hot mix asphalt
Authors: Hugener Martin , Wang Di , Cannone Falchetto Augusto , Porot Laurent , Kara De Maeijer Patricia , Orešković Marko , Sa-da-Costa Margarida , Tabatabaee Hassan , Bocci Edoardo , Kawakami Atsushi , Hofko Bernhard , Grilli Andrea , Pasquini Emiliano , Pasetto Marco , Zhai Huachun , Soenen Hilde , Van den bergh Wim , Cardone Fabrizio , Carter Alan , Vasconcelos Kamilla , Carbonneau Xavier , Lorserie Aurelie , Mladenović Goran , Koudelka Tomas , Coufalik Pavel , Zhang Runhua , Dave Eshan , Tebaldi Gabriele 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis recommendation is based on the results of an inter-laboratory study organised by the RILEM technical committee TC 264-RAP "Asphalt Pavement Recycling"—Task Group 3 (TG3) focusing on Asphalt Binder for Recycled Asphalt Mixture. The TG3 aimed to evaluate the effect of a specific family of materials known as asphalt recycling agent (ARA) on the aged binder under different configurations. Even though ageing is an irreversible phenomenon, effective ARA must have the capability to improve the flexibility of the bituminous materials and their resistance against cracking susceptibility with no adverse effect on the rutting resistance of pavements containing reclaimed asphalt. A total of 17 participating laboratories analysed the properties of binder blends composed of aged binder from reclaimed asphalt in three different contents (60, 80, 100%), ARA and virgin binder. The physical properties of the blends were thoroughly evaluated through traditional and rheological binder testing. This recommendation proposes to restore the original material properties at low and intermediate temperatures (i.e. cracking resistance) while balancing the high-temperature characteristics (i.e. rutting susceptibility) with durable impact throughout the progression of ageing phenomena. Therefore, useing of the Dynamic Shear Rheometer is foreseen as a more suitable and sustainable means to evaluate binder blends containing an asphalt recycling agent. Compared with conventional testing, the proposed approach requires fewer materials while resulting in a faster experimental procedure with one single test.
Leadership approaches of principals heading National Strategy Learner Attainment Schools in South Africa
Authors: Cornelissen Rudolph Peter , Smith Juliana 
Published: January 2022

This study examines the leadership approaches associated with sustained improved academic performance of principals heading National Strategy for Learner Attainment (NSLA) schools. This article reports on a qualitative multiple-case study focused on five successful NSLA secondary schools in Cape Town, South Africa. Data was collected from principals, teachers and selected School Management Team (SMT) members via questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to understand the leadership practices and personality traits that characterised the leadership approaches of principals to facilitate teaching and learning for improving academic performance of learners. The findings indicated that an integrated leadership principal leadership framework would be most effective because it would cultivate community between teachers and learners and result into improved academic performance. This approach encapsulates the various leadership approaches and the leadership personality traits or characteristics of the principals as well as taking into consideration the situational context for effective leadership and decision-making.
A retrospective study to analyze treatment of post traumatic cerebro spinal fluid rhinorrhea and role of trans cranial pedicled pericranial repair in present day context
Authors: Shashivadhanan  , Mishra Abhishek 
Published: January 2022

: Skull base fractures are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in head injury. Anterior cranial Fossa (ACF) skull base fracture, leading to Cerebro Spinal Fluid (CSF) Rhinorrhea is one of the most commonly encountered presentation in ACF base fractures. The key to successful management of such cases lies in early diagnosis and surgical management before it leads to meningitis and avoidable mortality.To evaluate the cases of post traumatic CSF rhinorrhea and analyze the parameters utilized to guide the management strategies. An attempt was made to come up with guidelines for its management in a tertiary care hospital.This was a retrospective study in which all cases of traumatic CSF Rhinorrhea admitted to Tertiary care hospital were included. Patients were divided into three groups. First group was conservatively managed in which the rhinorrhea and serial imaging findings showed favourable response.In thesecond group patients were subjected to endoscopic repair by the ENT surgeon based on anatomical considerations. The third group included patients who were had failed the trial of conservative management and the site of leak did not favor endoscopic repair.The outcomes in all these groups were analyzed and conclusions drawn.A total of 54 patients were included in the study which was conducted between Jan 2014 to 2020. 24 were successfully managed conservatively,10 were managed with endoscopic repair and 20 were managed by bifrontal craniotomy and pedicled pericranial ACF Base repair. There was one case from the first group who developed CSF leak after one month necessitating ACF base repair. There was no recurrence reportedin the cases managed endoscopically, whereas one case subjected to craniotomy had recurrence requiring lumbar drain placement. With each transcranial surgery there was a refinement in the technique further minimizing complications. We have elaborated on the surgical nuances to ensurebetter outcomes. : Pedicledpericranial flap ACF base repair is an elegant approach which requires an understanding of the mechanism of CSF leak from skull base fractures. This procedure can easily be mastered and when performed correctly provides best results for cases where there are multiple ACF defects, those not accessible by endoscope and also in those cases where imaging is not able to localize the exact site of defect leading to CSF rhinorrhea. Anosmia is an in evitable complication of this procedure. However, the trade off between mortality resulting from meningitis versus anosmia makes it a viable and attractive treatment option.
An interesting case of reruptured endovascularly coiled aneurysm managed with clipping
Authors: Kapoor Bhavuk , Kansal Anil , Bansil Rohit , Sharma Dhawal , Mittal Siddharth , Rustogi Amit 
Published: January 2022

Endovascular treatment has proven to be effective in the management of intracranial aneurysm, and can achieve permanent occlusion in up to 85% of cases, reducing the bleeding or rebleeding rate. A paradigm shift from microsurgical clipping to endovascular intervention has been observed since the publication of the International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial. Aneurysm recurrence after coil embolization remains both a major shortcoming of endovascular treatment and a daunting challenge for neurosurgeons without optimal management strategies.: We present a case report of a patient with history of previously endovascularly coiled and presenting with aneurysmal bleed. Microsurgical clipping is an effective intervention for managing reruptured previously coiled intracranial aneurysm.