bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding People With Chronic Pain Who Use a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Artificial Intelligence Mental Health App (Wysa): Mixed Methods Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Meheli Saha , Sinha Chaitali , Kadaba Madhura 
Published: March 2022

Background
Digital health interventions can bridge barriers in access to treatment among individuals with chronic pain.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the perceived needs, engagement, and effectiveness of the mental health app Wysa with regard to mental health outcomes among real-world users who reported chronic pain and engaged with the app for support.

Methods
Real-world data from users (N=2194) who reported chronic pain and associated health conditions in their conversations with the mental health app were examined using a mixed methods retrospective observational study. An inductive thematic analysis was used to analyze the conversational data of users with chronic pain to assess perceived needs, along with comparative macro-analyses of conversational flows to capture engagement within the app. Additionally, the scores from a subset of users who completed a set of pre-post assessment questionnaires, namely Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) (n=69) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 (GAD-7) (n=57), were examined to evaluate the effectiveness of Wysa in providing support for mental health concerns among those managing chronic pain.

Results
The themes emerging from the conversations of users with chronic pain included health concerns, socioeconomic concerns, and pain management concerns. Findings from the quantitative analysis indicated that users with chronic pain showed significantly greater app engagement (P<.001) than users without chronic pain, with a large effect size (Vargha and Delaney A=0.76-0.80). Furthermore, users with pre-post assessments during the study period were found to have significant improvements in group means for both PHQ-9 and GAD-7 symptom scores, with a medium effect size (Cohen d=0.60-0.61).

Conclusions
The findings indicate that users look for tools that can help them address their concerns related to mental health, pain management, and sleep issues. The study findings also indicate the breadth of the needs of users with chronic pain and the lack of support structures, and suggest that Wysa can provide effective support to bridge the gap.
Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide and Metformin on Aquaresis and Nephroprotection by a Vasopressin V2 Receptor Antagonist in ADPKD
Authors: Kramers Bart J. , Koorevaar Iris W. , van Gastel Maatje D.A. , van Goor Harry , Hallows Kenneth R. , Heerspink Hiddo L. , Li Hui , Leonhard Wouter N. , Peters Dorien J.M. , Qiu Jiedong , Touw Daan J. , Gansevoort Ron T. , Meijer Esther 
Published: March 2022

Background and objectives
The vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist tolvaptan is the only drug that has been proven to be nephroprotective in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Tolvaptan also causes polyuria, limiting tolerability. We hypothesized that cotreatment with hydrochlorothiazide or metformin may ameliorate this side effect.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We performed a clinical study and an animal study. In a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover trial, we included 13 tolvaptan-treated patients with ADPKD. Patients were treated for three 2-week periods with hydrochlorothiazide, metformin, or placebo in random order. Primary outcome was change in 24-hour urine volume. We also measured GFR and a range of metabolic and kidney injury markers.

Results
Patients (age 45±8 years, 54% women, measured GFR of 55±11 ml/min per 1.73 m2) had a baseline urine volume on tolvaptan of 6.9±1.4 L/24 h. Urine volume decreased to 5.1 L/24 h (P<0.001) with hydrochlorothiazide and to 5.4 L/24 h (P<0.001) on metformin. During hydrochlorothiazide treatment, plasma copeptin (surrogate for vasopressin) decreased, quality of life improved, and several markers of kidney damage and glucose metabolism improved. Metformin did not induce changes in these markers or in quality of life. Given these results, the effect of adding hydrochlorothiazide to tolvaptan was investigated on long-term kidney outcome in an animal experiment. Water intake in tolvaptan-hydrochlorothiazide cotreated mice was 35% lower than in mice treated with tolvaptan only. Combination treatment was superior to “no treatment” on markers of disease progression (kidney weight, P=0.003 and cystic index, P=0.04) and superior or equal to tolvaptan alone.

Conclusions
Both metformin and hydrochlorothiazide reduced tolvaptan-caused polyuria in a short-term study. Hydrochlorothiazide also reduced polyuria in a long-term animal model without negatively affecting nephroprotection.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2022_03_21_CJN11260821.mp3
Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Oxcarbazepine Liquisolid Compacts
Authors: Tiwari Deeksha , Sharma Vandana , Soni S. L 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The solubility and dissolution properties of any drug are fundamental determinants of its oral bioavailability. The dissolution rate of weakly soluble, highly permeable (BCS-II) drugs, such as Oxcarbazepine, be capable of enhanced by use of the liquisolid (LS)technique
Methods: Oxcarbazepine liquid-solid compacts were formulated using PEG-600 as the non-volatile solvent, Avicel 102 as the carrier material, Aerosil 200 as the coating material Sodium starch glycolate as the disintegrant. Various batches of liquisolid compacts were set up by utilizing varied carrier-coating excipient ratio and different concentration of liquid medication. Flow parameters such as bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s Index, Hausner’s Ratio as well as an angle of repose were utilized to test the flowability of the powder mix. The liquid-solid system were made by direct compression strategy and were assessed for tests, for example weight variation, drug content, hardness, thickness, friability, wetting time, breaking down time also as well as the in vitro dissolution studies.
Results: The liquisolid system showed acceptable micromeritic properties. The tabletting properties of the liquisolid compacts were within the acceptable limits. delivery paces of liquisolid compacts were obviously higher compared with directly compressed tablets, due to expanding wetting properties and surface area of the drug. The liquisolid compacts showed enhanced bioavailability when compared with their conventional formulation
Conclusion: Liquid-solid tablet was measured as a hopeful system to enhance solubility and dissolution rate of poor-water soluble Oxcarbazepine.
the Effectiveness of Red Betel (Piper crocatum) Leaf Ethanol Extract Mouthwash in Reducing Dental Plaque Index
Authors: Siregar Rawati , S Sondang , Aritonang Netty Jojor 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to determine the difference in the effectiveness of mouthwash of red betel leaf extract on the dental plaque index.
Design:This research design is Quasi experimental. The ethanol extract of red betel leaf was prepared in various concentrations for use by the correspondents as a mouthwash. Dental plaque was observed before and after treatment, then compared the differences in results between groups.
Interventions:The intervention variable in this study was a mouthwash preparation containing 4% and 5% ethanol extract of red betel leaf, then compared with a positive control mouthwash preparation containing Chlorhexidine.
Main outcome measure:The results showed a decrease in the dental plaque index in the correspondents who were given mouthwash containing 4% and 5% red betel leaf ethanol extract. The anova test showed a significant difference between the dental plaque index between before and after treatment (p <0.05).
Conclusion:Mouthwash containing ethanol extract of red betel leaves is effective in reducing the dental plaque index value.
Stem Cells a better way for Treatment: Diabetes
Authors: Kumari Mamta , Pandey Parmanand , Sachan Anupam Kr 
Published: March 2022

Insulin-producing cells derived from the stem cell embryonic stem cell and pluripotent stem cell have been long duration to encourage, but evasive treatment far from clinical interpret into type1 diabetes therapy. Although stem cell therapies provide a great opportune time there is also conceivable risk such as teratoma formation to relate with the treatment. Mesenchyme stem stromal cells have due to their modulator effects on immunity, inflammation, and tissue repair been suggested to be used to either halt beta-cell loss during T1D development or be used to protect and support pancreatic islets when transplanted. This review aims to give an overview of the current knowledge of stem cell therapy outcomes in animal models of type-1diabetes and a proposed road map towards the clinical setting with a special focus on the potential risks and hurdles which need to be considered. From a clinical point of view, transplantation of insulin-producing cells derived from stem cells must be performed without immune suppression to be an attractive treatment option.
Chrysophyllum Albidum and Its Potential Damage to the Kidney of Wistar Rats
Authors: Lizabeth O Nweke E , K Opara Julia , Ifechukwu J Obiesie 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The study was aimed at determining the effect of graded doses of Chrysophyllumalbidum on the kidney.
Materials and Methods: Twenty wistar rats (190-220 grams) were used in this study and they were randomly allocated into four groups of five rats each. Group A received food and distilled water only while groups B, C and D were treated with 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg 300 mg/kg of Chrysophyllumalbidum leaf extract respectively. The study lasted for three weeks after which the animals where sacrificed and their blood samples and kidney collected for examination.
Results: The result from this study showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in body weight in group of all treated groups. Also, there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in kidney weight in group C but a non-significant increase (p>0.05) in group B and D when compared to group A. In addition, the serum urea and creatinine level showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the treated groups when compared with that of group A. Histopathological findings revealed a mild to moderate changes in the cytoarchitecture of the kidney.
Conclusion: This result of this study suggests that ethanolic leaf extract of Chrysophyllumalbidum may have the tendency of being toxic to the kidney tissue when consumed at higher doses.
Antimicrobial Activity of Morinda citrifolia L.
Authors: Noviana Rena , Fajrina Anzharni , Eriadi Aried , Asra Ridho 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The aim of this research was to provide knowledge that Morinda citrifolia L.was not only fruit and the leaves can be used as an antimicrobial. Parts of Morinda citrifolia L.(Noni) such as seeds were proven to be able to inhibit microbial growth. Antimicrobial was substances that inhibit growth or kill other microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and rickets.
Data Sources Study Selection: The main references used in this review article through trusted sites such as Pubmed, Pubcem, Science Direct, NCBI, Research Gate, Google Scholar, and other published and trustworthy journals.
Conclusion: Noni plant (Morinda citrifolia L.) was a medicinal plant that has antimicrobial properties because it contained secondary metabolites of flavonoid and phenol. The fruit and leaves were part of noni plant which has the highest potential for antimicrobial activity. The use of antimicrobial is one way of dealing with infectious diseases. So, the noni plant could be developed as an alternative of herbal product in overcoming the problem of antibiotic resistance.
Antibacterial Activity Test of Mangosteen Plants (Garcinia Mangostana L.): A Review
Authors: Andani Rika , Fajrina Anzharni , Asra Ridho , Eriadi Aried 
Published: March 2022

Background: Bacterial infection was a health problem thathard to overcome, due to the presence of bacterial resistance to current antibacterial drugs. Therefore, the use of herbal antibacterials is an alternative that can be used. Mangosteen (Garciniamangostana L.) is a plant that contains xanthone compounds and its derivatives have antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-HIV activity.Part of the mangosteen was used as a medicinal plant such as bark, fruit peel, fruit, seeds, and leaves.This review aimed to determine the antibacterial effectiveness of the mangosteen and inhibitory diameter that was resulting.
Data Collection: The author was created this article review by conducting literature studies. The works of literature were collected from national and international journals in the last ten years (2010-2020) and pharmaceutical scientific books. The works of literature were collected from trusted online journal sites such as the digital library, PubMed, PubChem, ScienceDirect, NCBI, Elsevier, NCBI, Researchgate, Google Scholar, Springer, and other trusted E-resource with the keyword "mangosteen”, “Garcinia mangostana L”, “antibacterial activity”, and “inhibitor zone”.
Result: According to literature showed that the mangosteen fruit peel, bark, leaves, seeds and fruit effective as antibacterialfor several types of bacteria.
Conclusion:N-hexane that was extracted from mangosteen peel has potential as an antibacterial activity at a concentration of 15.62 mg/ml and inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 with an inhibitory diameter of 17mm.
Analysis of Medicinal Chemicals Contained on Jamu: A Review
Authors: Syahfitr Sari Anggraini , Asra Dan Ridho 
Published: March 2022

Background: Jamu is commonly known as an Indonesian traditional herbal medicine that contains ingredients or ingredients derived from plants, animals, minerals, galenic, or mixtures of these ingredients that have been hereditary for medicinal use. Some studies reported the presence of medicinal chemicals that are deliberately added to Jamu. Jamuthat containing medicinal chemicals usually had a faster healing effect compared to Jamu that do not contain medicinal chemicals. Jamu added medicinal chemicals cause serious side effects if it is consumed regularly, overdose, and long period consumption with uncontrolled dosage or its interaction with other substances on jamu formulation.
Purpose: This review article aims to summarize several methods used to analyze medicinal chemicals contained in jamu.
Data source:The author created thisreview article by conducting literature studies. The literature was collected from national and international journals published in the last ten years (2010-2020). The works of literature were collected from trusted online journal sites such as the digital library, Google, Google scholar/Google Cendekia, PubMed, ScienceDirect, NCBI, Researchgate, and other E-resource with the keyword “Jamu”, “medicinal chemicals”, and “analysis of medicinal chemicals”.
Conclusion: Jamu products that containing medicinal chemicals are jamu pegal linu, weight loss, stamina enhancer, diabetes, antihypertensive and dietary supplements. The medicinal chemicals used are sodium diclofenac, paracetamol, piroxicam, ibuprofen, dexamethasone, mefenamic acid, phenolphthalein, sibutramine, fenfluramine, sildenafil, tadalafil, thiosildenafil, caffeine, ephedrine, nifedipine, glibenclamide. Herbal Medicine was analyzed by the TLC method (thin layer chromatography), Densitometry-chromatography, thin-layer chromatography-Spectrophotometry, SERS-thin layer chromatography, Spectrophotometry, HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography), HPLC-ESI-MS/MS (high-performance liquid. chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry), HPLC-Densitometry (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-densitometry), UHPLC-Q-ORTIP HERMS (ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry), UPLC/Q-TOF MS (ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF MS), Capillary electrophoresis (CE), GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry), LC-MS (Liquid Crhomatogaph Mass) Spectrometry), Prototype Test-Strip, Infrared spectroscopy.
Acoustical Studies& Molecular Interactions of Antiepileptic Drug Levitiracetam in DMSO-Water Mixtures at Different Temperatures
Authors: Kumar Kaushlendra , Sinha Chandani 
Published: March 2022

The densities and speeds of sound have been measured of ternary mixtures of Levitiracetam drug in aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mixtures at 25% interval of the solvent at 303K,308 K,313 K and frequency 2MHz .The experimental data has been used to determine acoustic parameters like intermolecular free length (Lf),Specific acoustic impedence (z) etc.The changes in these properties with composition and temperature are used to interpret the nature of solute-solvent, solute-solute interactions in the system.
Vigna Comosa Baker Aerial Part’s Extracts Effects on Hyperglycemia and Hepatic Glucose’sliberation
Authors: Lucrèce Kotin Mahoutin , Judith Ahounouaikpe Fifamin , Huguette Akakpo Baï , Fidèle Assogba Mahoudo , Pierre Dansou Houndjovi , Djimon Gbenou Joachim 
Published: March 2022

Vignacomosa Baker (V. Comosa) is a plant used by Beninese Oueme department’s populationfor the treatment of diabetes without any scientific study showing its effectiveness. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of theextracts of V. Comosaon hyperglycemic rabbits by Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and on hepatic glucose liberation. Phytochemical screening revealed that the plant contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, mucilage, triterpenoids, steroids, reducing compounds, saponins, oses and holosides.Cytotoxity test showed that those extracts were free of toxicity. The extracts showed anti-hyperglycemic activities doses and time depending. The effective doses are 500 mg/kg for the aqueous extract and 1000 mg/kg for the ethanolic extract. The extracts are effective as compared with glibenclamide (reference product). Moreover, the ex vivo test conducted on the liver revealed that V. Comosa aqueous extract inhibits the hepatic glucose liberation and 500 mg/mL is the most effective dose. The results of this study account for the plant under consideration of its traditional usage in the treatment of diabetes.
Simultaneous Determination of Amlodipine and Valsartan in Tablet By UV Spectrophotometry With Successive Ratio Method
Authors: P Nia N. , S Siti M , P Muchlisyam 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: This study aims to develop a spectrophotometric method by successive ratio method in simultaneous determination of AML and VLS on tablet preparations without separation.
Methods: This study aims to develop a spectrophotometric method by successive ratio method in simultaneous determination of AML and VLS on tablet preparations without separation and then tested for validity based validation parameters, namely linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ and intraday and interday. Then, this method was applied to determine the levels of AML and VLS on dosage tablet.
Result: Manipulating the ratio spectra of the binary mixture allowed their determination at 358,4 nm and 247,4 nm and in the concentration ranges of (4-12 µg/mL) and (6-18 µg/mL) for amlodipine and valsartan, respectively
Conclusion: The successive ratio method can be used to determine the levels of a mixture of amlodipine and valsartan drugs.
Effect of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of P. amarus Leaf on Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Albino Rat with Arsenic Induced Toxicity
Authors: Ujah Frederick O , Y. Mohammad Yusuf , E. Audu-War Vera 
Published: March 2022

Therapeutic effect of ethyl acetate fraction of P. amarus leaf was probed on hematological and biochemical indices in albino rats induced with arsenic poison. Acute toxicity of 100% ethyl acetate fraction was evaluated at dose range of 100 to 5000mg/kgbw for 24hrs and no apparent signs of toxicity were observed. However, exposure for 10days, death was observed for dose of 1000mg/kg and above. Thus LD50 of sub-acute toxicity is 707.11mg/kg. Significant decreased in hematological indices observed, indicate alterations that affect the physiology and hematopoiesis of blood by arsenate administered and with normal levels of MCV and MCH, this suggest normocytic anemia. Furthermore, decrease level of HGB could implies that arsenic might have affected the incorporation of hemoglobin in the red blood cells or the morphology and osmotic fragility in red blood cells and this can affect oxygen carrying capacity of blood, although with MCV and RDW both normal, the RBCs are likely the same normal size. Falls in Platelets count with low MPV and irregular morphology as indicated by PDW infer that the bone marrow isn't producing enough new platelets which may result in low clotting capacity of blood. This is not caused by infection from bacteria as procalcitonin (PCT) in all groups showed no significant difference but the effect was that of arsenic poison. WBCs drop significantly, suggesting susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Result also showed increased bilirubin, an indication of cholestasis. However, these effects were significantly (P<0.05) ameliorated in the treatment groups, as levels of these parameters were reversed. Conclusively, this might be as a result of phenolics in P. amarus. Phenolics excite their mechanism of therapeutics either by ways of antioxidant activities as free radical scavengers or chelators of metal ions.
Secondary school teachers’ perceptions of STEM pedagogical content knowledge
Authors: Rahman Noor Anita , Rosli Roslinda , Rambely Azmin Sham , Siregar Nur Choiro , Capraro Mary Margaret , Capraro Robert M. 
Published: March 2022

Preparing students with knowledge and expertise in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is vital in meeting the demand for digital age career opportunities. Nevertheless, there is sparse research on teachers' views of student preparedness and teachers' knowledge of STEM in classroom instruction. The present study examines secondary school teachers' perceptions of STEM pedagogical content knowledge (STEMPCK). An online survey was administered to 66 Malaysian secondary school teachers through Google Forms to determine their perspectives of STEMPCK. Data were collected and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 20.0. The descriptive analysis showed that the selected teachers highly agreed on the pedagogical knowledge and knowledge of 21st century skill components of STEMPCK. However, the non-parametric analysis showed no significant mean differences in STEMPCK scores based on gender, educational qualification, and teaching experience. The study's implications suggest that teachers in these fields should be equipped with the necessary knowledge to be more confident in implementing STEM teaching in their respective schools.
Design and Assessment of a Small-Scale Machine for Cleaning Wheat Grains
Authors: Ali Mohamed Abu , El-Rahman Eid Abd , Nasr Gamal El-Deen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A small-scale wheat cleaning machine was designed to winnow and separate grains from materials-other-than-grains (MOG), such as premature grains and chaff, in order to enhance the quality of grains. It was evaluated technically with respect to assessment criteria: cleanliness, grain loss, chaff rejection, and cleaning efficiency. Experiments were carried out at three levels of sieve slopes (5, 10, and 15°), two sieve reciprocating speeds (0.48 and 0.95 m·s−1), two levels of feed rates (1 and 1.5 kg·min−1), and three air velocities (5, 6 and 7 m·s−1). The results showed that, at sieve reciprocating speed of 0.95 m·s−1, the maximum cleanliness value was – 96.25% – observed at 1.5 kg·min−1 feed rate, 5 m·s−1 air velocity and 5° sieve slope. The minimum cleanliness value – 76.82% – was observed at a feed rate of 1 kg·min−1, 15° sieve slope, 7 m·s−1 air velocity, and 0.48 m·s−1 sieve reciprocating speed. The results showed that the use of either a very low, or a very high sieve slope angle and sieve reciprocating speed while using different air velocities and feed rates is not recommended.