bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased levels of the synaptic proteins PSD-95, SNAP-25, and Neurogranin in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Kivisäkk Pia , Carlyle Becky C , Sweeney Thadryan , Quinn James P , Ramirez Christopher E , Trombetta Bianca A , Mendes Muriel , Brock Mary , Rubel Carrie , Czerkowicz Julie , Graham Danielle , Arnold Steven E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: There is currently a lack of reliable and easily accessible biomarkers predicting cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Synaptic dysfunction and loss occur early in AD and synaptic loss measured in brain tissue and by PET are closely linked to cognitive decline, rendering synaptic proteins a promising target for biomarker development.Methods: We used novel Simoa assays to measure cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of two synaptic biomarker candidates, postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95/DLG4) and the presynaptically localized synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25), as well as neurogranin (Ng), an established postsynaptic biomarker. CSF samples from two well-characterized cohorts (n=178 and n=156) were selected from banked samples obtained from diagnostic lumbar punctures containing subjects with amyloid-ß (Aß) positive AD, subjects with non-AD neurodegenerative diseases, subjects with other neurological conditions, and healthy controls (HC). Results: All subjects had detectable CSF levels of PSD-95, SNAP-25, and Ng. CSF levels of PSD-95, SNAP-25, and Ng were all correlated, with the strongest correlation between the presynaptic SNAP-25 and the postsynaptic neurogranin. AD subjects had on average higher concentrations of all three synaptic markers compared to those with non-AD neurodegenerative diseases, other neurological disorders, and HCs. Increased CSF levels of PSD-95, SNAP-25, and Ng were, however, not specific for AD and were present in sporadic cases with inflammatory or vascular disorders as well. High CSF levels of PSD-95 were also observed in a few subjects with other neurodegenerative disorders. Conclusion: The data establishes PSD-95 as a promising CSF marker for neurodegenerative disease synaptic pathology, while SNAP-25 and Ng appear to be somewhat more specific for AD. Together these synaptic markers hold promise to identify early AD pathology, to correlate with cognitive decline, and to monitor responses to disease-modifying drugs reducing synaptic degeneration.
Divergent Assembly and Co-Occurrence Patterns Between Bacterial and Fungal Communities on the Surface of Two Debris-Covered Glaciers from Mountain Gongga
Authors: Hu Yang , Jiang Hongmao , Liao Haijun , Zhong Yan , Wang Ziwei , Liu Qiao , Duan Baoli , Lu Xuyang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Microbial communities in supraglacial habitats are essential in driving the biogeochemical cycling in mountain glacial ecosystems. However, the microbial assemblage and co-occurrence pattern on the surface of the debris-covered glaciers (DCGs) remain unknown. Herein, the bacterial and fungal communities on supraglacial debris of Dagongba and Hailuogou glacier (Mountain Gongga, southeast Tibetan Plateau, China) were investigated by high-throughput sequencing. The ecological determinants driving their distribution and diversity were also investigated.
Results
The bacterial richness showed a succession sequence on the supraglacial debris transect and positively correlated with basic nutrients content included carbon and nitrogen, but fungal richness no clear pattern and positively correlated with calcium (Ca) content (p < 0.05). The distribution of bacterial communities was explained more by environmental factors compared with fungal communities. The beta diversity distances of fungal communities separated better than bacterial communities, indicated that fungal communities show more variations across glaciers and sites. Interestingly, the glacier surface velocity and potassium (K) content were important in shaping microbial beta diversity. Furthermore, the bacterial co-occurrence networks were comprised of highly connected Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) with low modularity, particularly in Hailuogou glacier. But fungal co-occurrence networks were less connected and tend to distribute more random.
Conclusions
The assembly processes of bacterial communities were more deterministic, but fungi communities were more stochastic in supraglacial debris. Both the co-occurrence network of bacterial and fungal communities in supraglacial debris from Dagongba glacier (higher microbial diversity) are relatively simple and more stable. This study provides insights into mechanisms that drive the establishment and early assembly of microbial communities, which provided microbial ecological basis for the biodiversity protection of glacier system.
Do Chinese older adults with epithelial ovarian cancer survive a poorer prognosis?
Authors: Huang Wu , Bao Yiting , Luo Xukai , Yao Liangqing , Yuan Lei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The risk of suffering epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) for women increasing with age evidently, while the prognosis of older EOC patients remain unclear. Against the backdrop of the accelerate aging process in China, this paper investigates whether the older EOC patients have a lower overall survival probability than the younger patients based on the sample of ethnic Chinese population.Methods: A total of 323 ethnic Chinese patients diagnosed as epithelial ovarian cancer were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We compared the overall survival probability between the younger group (<65 years) and the older patients group (≥65years). Survival curves were drawn using the Kaplan-Meier method, comparisons among different subgroups were evaluated using log-rank tests, and independent prognostic factors were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.Results: 61 patients were (18.9 %) in the older patients group and 262 (81.1%) in the younger group. The distribution patterns between two groups were significantly different with regard to marital status, histologic type and FIGO stage. The median overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in the younger group than the older patients group (not reached vs median 50 months, p<0.05). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, as well as primary tumor laterality, tumor histological grading, histology, FIGO stage, surgical range and the number of lymph nodes dissected were significantly associated with OS. However, the multivariate analysis demonstrated that the age no longer had an independent impact on overall survival once other confounding variables were controlled (HR: 1.334, P=0.226). Only primary tumor laterality, histology, and FIGO stage, were independent risk factors (HR: 1.885, P=0.008; HR: 2.003, P=0.035; HR: 4.006, P=0.008 and HR: 5.272, P<0.001; HR: 1.885, P=0.008). Moreover, the number of lymph nodes dissected more than 10 was a protective factor (HR: 0.397, P=0.008).Conclusion: Older EOC patients have a worse prognosis than the younger patients largely, but not directly and independently. FIGO stage still stands as the most potent risk factor for older patients’ survival.
Establishment of A Novel Assessment of the Quality of Human Spermatozoa measuring Mitochondrial Oxygen Metabolism
Authors: Taniguchi Hisanori , Matsuo Yoshiyuki , Shimoi Kayo , Yoshimura Masahiro , Hirota Kiichi , Kinoshita Hidefumi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: We aimed to establish a novel sperm quality evaluation technology by measuring mitochondrial oxygen metabolism in human spermatozoa.Results: Normozoospermic human sperm samples were used. After establishing the optimal parameters for measuring the oxygen metabolism of human sperm cells using the extracellular flux analyzer, we measured the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of human spermatozoa exposed to different storage temperatures. Although sperm motility was significantly lower at 4 °C when compared with sperm motility at 37 °C, there were no significant differences in sperm vitality and the OCR under both conditions. The present study established a methodology for human sperm quality evaluation using extracellular flux analysis technology. The OCR evaluation could be a reliable measurement tool for assessing human sperm quality.
Identification and validation of mutator-derived lncRNA signatures of genome instability for predicting prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer patients
Authors: Xu Aman , Zhou Baichuan , Zhu Xiaodong , Zhang Lixiang , Luo Panquan , Wei Zhijian , Han Wenxiu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Currently, the long-term prognosis of pancreatic cancer (PC) is difficult to accurately predict. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify lncRNA associated with genome instability, and establish genome instability-derived lncRNA signature (GILncSig).Method: Clinical information, RNA-seq expression data and somatic mutation data were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The GO and KEEG analysis was applied to built lncRNAs–mRNA co-expression network was associated with the genome instability.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression were used to single out the independently prognostic lncRNA in PC patients. Finally, 9 lncrnas were discovered and incorporated into the construction of GILncSig. Patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the median risk score, and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to compare the overall survival between the two groups.Results: KEEG analysis are mainly enriched in a variety of cell signal transduction and metabolism. The risk score of GILncSig was built by 9 lncRNA (SOCS2-AS1, AC127024.6, TRPC7-AS1, AL359504.1, AL117382.2, LYPLAL1-AS1, LINC02014, CASC8, KRT7-AS), and the Kaplan–Meier curve showed that the prognosis of low risk patient were better than high risk patients in the testing group(p=0.003) and the whole TCGA patients(p<0.001). According to the assessment of genome instability, KRAS wide-type patients was divided into two groups, with the genome stable group showing significantly improved outcome and the genome unstable group showing no significant difference compared with those with KRAS mutation.Conclusion: This study provides a prognostic model for predicting the prognosis of PC patients, and introduces reference and evidence of the role of lncRNA in genome instability in the further study.
Study on cutting force and surface roughness during slot milling plain woven CFRP
Authors: Xu Ziyang , Wang Yongguo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Due to the anisotropy and poor heat dissipation of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP), it is easy to produce high cutting force in the machining process, which makes the machined surface quality worse. This paper studies the effects of spindle speed, feed rate and cutting depth on milling force and surface roughness during slot milling plain-woven CFRP by Taguchi orthogonal experimental design. Convert the instantaneous chip thickness into equivalent cutting area, and the cutting force and surface roughness increase with the increase of equivalent cutting area and decrease with the decrease of equivalent cutting area. The surface material removal mechanism of PCD tool under different equivalent cutting areas is analyzed. The variance analysis of cutting force and surface roughness produced by PCD tool and CVD diamond coated end mill is carried out. It is found that the spindle speed has the most significant effect on cutting force and surface roughness. In addition, it is also found that burrs will occur when the tool rotation angle φ is between 60°-90°and delamination defects occur in the range of 150°-180°.
Magnetic cryogels as a shape-selective and customizable platform for hyperthermia-mediated drug delivery
Authors: Perera Ayomi S. , Jackson Richard J. , Bristow Reece M. D. , White Chinyere A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cryogels consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and iron (II, III) oxide magnetic nanoparticles coated with a model drug – acetaminophen, were developed as a tunable platform for thermally triggered drug release, based on shape-selective heat transfer. Two different shapes of cryogels; discs and spherical caps, were formed via adding polymer-nanoparticle-drug mixtures into 3D printed molds, followed by freeze-thawing five times. No additional chemical crosslinking agents were used for gel formation and the iron oxide nanoparticles were coated with acetaminophen using only citric acid as a hydrogen-bonding linker. The two gel shapes displayed varying levels of acetaminophen release within 42–50 ºC, which are ideal temperatures for hyperthermia induced drug delivery. The amount and time of drug-release were shown to be tunable by changing the temperature of the medium and the shape of the gels, while keeping all other factors (Ex. gel volume, surface area, polymer/nanoparticle concentrations and drug-loading) constant. The discs displayed higher drug release at all temperatures while being particularly effective at lower temperatures (42–46 ºC), in contrast to the spherical caps, which were more effective at higher temperatures (48–50 ºC). Magnetic hyperthermia-mediated thermal imaging and temperature profiling studies revealed starkly different heat transfer behavior from the two shapes of gels. The disc gels retained their structural integrity up to 51 ºC, while the spherical caps were stable up to 59 ºC, demonstrating shape-dependent robustness. The highly customizable physicochemical features, facile synthesis, biocompatibility and tunable drug release ability of these cryogels offer potential for their application as a low cost, safe and effective platform for hyperthermia-mediated drug delivery, for external applications such as wound care/muscle repair or internal applications such as melanoma treatment.
A Validation Study for the Utility of Serum microRNA as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in High-Grade Osteosarcoma Patients
Authors: Araki Yoshihiro , Asano Naofumi , Yamamoto Norio , Hayashi Katsuhiro , Takeuchi Akihiko , Miwa Shinji , Igarashi Kentaro , Higuchi Takashi , Abe Kensaku , Taniguchi Yuta , Yonezawa Hirotaka , Morinaga Sei , Asano Yohei , Yoshida Takeshi , Hanayama Rikinari , Matsuzaki Juntaro , Ochiya Takahiro , Kawai Akira , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In our previous study, high-grade osteosarcoma advanced locally and promoted metastasis by suppressing osteoclastogenesis via the upregulation of miR-146a-5p. Another 14 miRNAs in small extracellular vesicles were also detected 5 or more times as frequently in high-grade malignancy as in low-grade malignancy. However, the utility of these 15 miRNAs for determining the prognosis or diagnosis of osteosarcoma has not been validated in the clinical setting. We therefore aimed to assess the utility of these serum miRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic markers. Thirty osteosarcoma patients were retrospectively reviewed, excluding those with metastasis at presentation. The survival was compared according to the serum miRNA values. In addition, to confirm diagnostic competency for osteosarcoma, the serum miRNA values were compared with those in other bone tumor patients (n = 112) and healthy controls (n = 275). Osteosarcoma patients with high serum miRNA values paradoxically showed a better survival than those with low values. These patients also had higher values of serum miR-1261 than those with benign or intermediate-grade bone tumor. Serum miR-146a-5p may not be useful marker for determining the prognosis, and a larger investigation will be required to clarify its actual utility. In contrast, serum miR-1261 may be useful for differentiating benign or intermediate-grade bone tumor.
Physical Activity and Memory Performance: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Li Chunyu , Lin Junyu , Jiang Qirui , Yang Tianmi , Xiao Yi , Shang Huifang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Physical activity has been associated with better memory performance by epidemiological studies. However, the conclusion was still controversial, and whether the association was causal is elusive.
Methods
To evaluate the role of physical activity in memory performance from a genetic perspective, we first estimated their genetic correlation, and then conducted two-sample and multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses.
Results
Significant positive genetic correlation was identified between moderate to vigorous physical activity and prospective memory (PM) and episodic memory (EM). Genetically determined higher physical activity was significantly associated with better performance of both PM and EM after the Bonferroni correction. Such association was further verified using summary statistics from another study on overall physical activity. The results were robust under all sensitivity analyses.
Conclusions
Current results suggested physical activity could improve memory performance. These findings help better understand the role of physical activity in memory, and provide some lifestyle recommendations.
Use of Rivaroxaban in Obese Patient With Pulmonary Thromboembolism.
Authors: Ciresa Roberto , Ciavaglia Edoardo , Fiore Armando , Stefani Francesca , Cominacini Mattia , De Marchi Sergio , Girelli Domenico , Carbonare Luca Dalle 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background. There are few clinical data about efficacy and safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in obese patients, especially those with a Body Mass Index (BMI) > 40 kg/m2 or a weight more than 120 kg. Case presentation. We discuss the case of a 41-years-old caucasic male affected by class III obesity, treated with Rivaroxaban at the dosage advised by the most recent guidelines for Pulmonary Embolism. Among DOACs, Rivaroxaban plasma concentration is not significantly influenced by elevated body weight. During follow-up, we noticed a greater control of symptoms and a progressive improvement in radiological and biochemical parameters and a good therapy compliance. Conclusions. Despite the need for more data in this specific field, our experience suggests the possibility to use DOACs as an alternative to heparin, optimizing the adherence and the quality of life of these patients.
Safety and Effectiveness of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Anorexia Nervosa and Depression – a Case Report
Authors: Smallenburg L.C.S. , Heijden C.L.L. van der , Schaapherder J.M. , Wagemaker F. , Mihaescu R. , Bogers J.P.A.M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN), a disorder that mainly affects adolescents and young adults, often presents with psychiatric symptoms such as depression, which makes treatment complex. Medication options are limited because selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are less effective in underweight individuals. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an important treatment option for depression, but is rarely considered in patients with AN, because it is unclear whether it is safe and effective in these patients. Is this caution justified?Case presentation: We describe a 21-year-old woman with restrictive AN and depression, with suicidality. Trials of psychotherapy for depression and various antidepressants were unsuccessful and her condition deteriorated. She was admitted to hospital several times because of the precarious state of her health due to the eating disorder and serious suicide attempts. ECT was started because of the severe suicidality and her restrictive eating pattern. There were no complications, and the eating disorder and depression improved relatively soon after the start of treatment. ECT provided a breakthrough in the treatment of an unresponsive, life-threatening situation, such that follow-up therapy could be started. The eating disorder regressed several months after ECT. Conclusions: Case reports have their limitations and there is no unequivocal evidence that ECT is effective for AN with comorbid depression. Yet the literature suggests that ECT should be considered in a life-threatening situation or when treatment possibilities are exhausted. AN and underweight are not contraindications for ECT, although medical screening before treatment is recommended. The long-term effectiveness of ECT has yet to be established.
Neuronal desertification after a direct lightning strike: a case report
Authors: Roman-Pognuz Erik , Moro Edoardo , Macchini Elisabetta , Paolo Edoardo Di , Pesenti Kenneth , Berlot Giorgio , Lucangelo Umberto , Bussani Rossana , Baratella Elisa , Pellis Tommaso , Ristagno Giuseppe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Lightning strike is a rare but dramatic cause of injury to patients admitted to Intensive Care units (ICU). High mortality and significant long-term morbidity are frequently related to a direct brain injury or an induced cardiac arrest (CA). Case presentation: We describe the case of a 50 years old man struck by lightning resulting in immediate CA. After the initial restoration of spontaneous circulation and admission to ICU, the patient died in hospital due to neurological injury. The computer tomography scan (CT scan) revealed a massive loss of grey-white matter differentiation at the fronto-temporal lobes bilaterally. Somatosensory evoked potentials demonstrated bilateral absence of the cortical somatosensory N20-potential and the electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded minimal cerebral electrical activity. The patient died on day 10 and a post-mortem study revealed a widespread loss of neurons. Conclusion: This study report a severe brain injury by a direct lighting strike presenting with an impressive microscopic pattern of neuronal desertification.
A Novel WNK1-PDGFRB Fusion Gene in Myeloid Neoplasm With Eosinophilia: A Case Report With a Literature Review
Authors: Wang Tiantian , Cao Junjie , Lin Qingqing , Liu Xuhui , Wang Man , Pei Renzhi , Lu Ying 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB) rearrangements play an important role in the pathogenesis of eosinophilia-associated myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms. Here, a novel WNK1-PDGFRB fusion gene has been identified in myeloid neoplasm with eosinophilia by RNA-sequencing. This is the first study that reported on the WNK1-PDGFRB fusion gene expression in myeloid neoplasm with eosinophilia. In addition, the WNK1-PDGFRB fusion retained the entire kinase domain of PDGFRB and response to imatinib at low concentration.