bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi-epitope vaccine designed against blood-stage of malaria: an immunoinformatic and structural approach
Authors: Atapour Amir , Vosough Parisa , Jafari Somayeh , Sarab Gholamreza Anani 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMalaria is a complex disease caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The most severe form of malaria disease is caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Thus, a combination of different approaches is needed to control malaria. Resistance to first-line drugs and insecticides, on the other hand, makes the need for an effective vaccination more urgent than ever. Because erythrocyte parasites cause the most clinical symptoms, developing a vaccination for this stage of infection might be highly beneficial. In this research, we employed various bioinformatics methods to create an efficient multi-epitope vaccine that induces antibodies against the blood stage of malaria infection. For this purpose, we selected the malaria PfGARP protein as the target here. The B, HTL epitopes, and epitope conservation were predicted. The predicted epitopes (including 5 B and 5 HTL epitopes) were connected using suitable linkers, and the flagellin molecule was used as an adjuvant to improve its immunogenicity. The final construct vaccine with 414 amino acids long was designed. The vaccine's allergenicity, antigenicity, solubility, physicochemical characteristics, 2D and 3D structure modeling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, in silico cloning, and immunological simulation were tested. In silico immune simulation results showed significantly elevated IgG1 and IgM and T helper cells, INF γ, IL 2, and B-cell populations after the injection of the designed vaccine. These significant computational analyses indicated that our proposed vaccine candidate might activate suitable immune responses against malaria. However, in vitro and in vivo studies are essential for further validation.
Eleutheroside E supplementation prevents radiation-induced cognitive impairment and activates PKA signaling via gut microbiota
Authors: Song Chen , Duan Fangyuan , Ju Ting , Qin Yue , Zeng Deyong , Shan Shan , Shi Yudong , Zhang Yingchun , Lu Weihong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRadiation affects not only cognitive function but also gut microbiota. Eleutheroside E (EE), a principal active compound of Acanthopanax senticosus, has a certain protective effect on the nervous system. Here, we find a four-week EE supplementation to the 60Co-γ ray irradiated mice improves the cognition and spatial memory impairments along with the protection of hippocampal neurons, remodels the gut microbiota, especially changes of Lactobacillus and Helicobacter, and altered the microbial metabolites including neurotransmitters (GABA, NE, ACH, 5-HT) as well as their precursors. Furthermore, the fecal transplantation of EE donors verifies that EE alleviated cognition and spatial memory impairments, and activates the PKA/CREB/BDNF signaling via gut microbiota. Our findings provide insight into the mechanism of EE effect on the gut-brain axis and underpin a proposed therapeutic value of EE in cognitive and memory impairments induced by radiation.
Dynamic pressure variations in the lower crust caused by localized fluid-induced weakening
Authors: Moulas Evangelos , Kaus Boris , Jamtveit Bjørn 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetamorphism of dry, lower crust within orogens is often localized in shear zones composed of mechanically weaker rocks1–4. Several field-based studies suggest shear zone development is preceded by brittle faults which provide the fluid pathways required for metamorphism and weakening4–12. However, a unifying model which couples long-term geological deformation to fluid migration and metamorphic reactions does not exist. Here, we present a visco-elasto-plastic model where the most pertinent features observed in transformed lower crust emerge from basic mechanical principles during the deformation of a coherent rock volume with associated fluid introduction. These include a strikingly dynamic and heterogeneous pressure distribution in the reacting and deforming rock volumes. Lower crustal pressure variations may reach 1 GPa at the same depth. This will have first order effects on the pattern of fluid migration in the lower crust, and may explain the apparent discrepancies between the relevant tectonic settings and petrologically-inferred burial depths.
Waste Valorisation Using Ionic Liquids
Authors: e Silva Francisca , Sousa Ana , Freire Mara , Coutinho João 
Published: July 2022

Modern societies produce large amounts of waste of many different types. This presents a problem in terms of management or disposal to prevent harm to human health and the environment. Additionally it represents a loss of potentially useful resources. In the circular economy concept nothing would ever become waste because everything would be re-usable or its components recoverable. Ionic liquids provide a potential route for valorisation of different waste types, paving the way for a circular economy and a more sustainable world.
Covering various types of waste, including municipal, industrial, electronic, and medical, while addressing patented and commercial applications, this book aims to deliver a comprehensive, but also critical, perspective on the application of ionic liquids towards waste valorisation.
Waste Valorisation Using Ionic Liquids is a useful resource for academic and industrial players, in the fields of chemistry, chemical and environmental engineering, and biotechnology, as well as anyone working on waste management and resource recovery.
Improving approximate vacuum prepared by the adiabatic quantum computation
Authors: Oshima Kazuto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAccording to the quantum adiabatic theorem, we can in principle obtain a true vacuum of a quantum system starting from a trivial vacuum of a simple Hamiltonian. In actual adiabatic digital quantum simulation with finite time length and non‐infinitesimal time steps, we can only obtain an approximate vacuum that is supposed to be a superposition of a true vacuum and excited states. We propose a procedure to improve the approximate vacuum.
Role of hydrocarbons and renewable energies in Iran's energy matrix focusing on bioenergy: review
Authors: Mahdavi Meisam , Schmitt Konrad , Ramos Ricardo Alan Verdú , Alhelou Hassan Haes 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIran is one of the most potent energy exporters and fastest‐growing energy consumers in the world. Its large amount of energy exported can directly impact the economy of importer countries. Iran's energy matrix mostly consists of hydrocarbons, while the remaining portion is compounded by a blend of biofuels, hydropower, wind, solar, and other renewable sources. Even though the country has an excellent potential to reach a large amount of renewable power, it is most likely that Iran will deal with a shortage in its electricity segment during the upcoming years. Besides wind and solar energy, bioenergy appears to be a good alternative for enhancing the country's energy matrix and transit Iran's energy consumption pattern from a high‐level usage of hydrocarbons to a more renewable scenario. Therefore, in the present paper, the role of Iran in global energy production is discussed, and its potential for renewable energy generation is described. The review presents a vast set of data related to environmental, infrastructural, economic, and social aspects to clarify the potential and benefits of Iran's transition to a more renewable energy matrix. The investigations revealed the country's extremely favourable conditions to use bioenergy resources as a key solution to avoiding future energy crises, besides improving quality of life. The context can help researchers, power suppliers, and energy consumers know how renewable energies, especially bioenergy, can modify the energy matrix of a country rich in hydrocarbon resources.
An innovative method to conduct temperature rise test on medium voltage switchgear assembly based on IEC standards in a power grid
Authors: Iderus Samat , Peter Geno , Ganji Vivekananda 
Published: July 2022

AbstractModern civilization is characterised by a high need for electrical energy. The importance of electricity in daily life has grown to the point that it is desirable to safeguard the power system from damage during fault situations and to ensure maximum supply continuity, which necessitates the use of switchgear. Testing of any electrical equipment indicates the extent to which the equipment is able to comply with a customer's requirements. In this paper temperature rise test on a medium voltage switchgear assembly is considered. In this research, sub‐clause 6.5.2 of IEC standard 62271‐1 is followed to conduct temperature rise test on a medium voltage switchgear assembly. The test is conducted on two modes, first following the existing method of testing and second by an innovative method of testing. The temperature rise test is conducted on a 12 kV, 50 kA, 3150 A single busbar switchgear assembly and the readings are measured, analysed and compared between the two methods. It is concluded that the temperature rise recorded following the innovative method is more accurate compared to the existing method, as an increase in the recorded temperature rise is seen in all the thermocouple locations as the heat dissipation to the ambient is reduced.
Reducing the environmental footprint of gastrointestinal endoscopy: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and European Society of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Nurses and Associates (ESGENA) Position Statement
Authors: Rodríguez de Santiago Enrique , Dinis-Ribeiro Mario , Pohl Heiko , Agrawal Deepak , Arvanitakis Marianna , Baddeley Robin , Bak Elzbieta , Bhandari Pradeep , Bretthauer Michael , Burga Patricia , Donnelly Leigh , Eickhoff Axel , Hayee Bu'Hussain , Kaminski Michal F. , Karlović Katarina , Lorenzo-Zúñiga Vicente , Pellisé Maria , Pioche Mathieu , Siau Keith , Siersema Peter D. , Stableforth William , Tham Tony C. , Triantafyllou Konstantinos , Tringali Alberto , Veitch Andrew , Voiosu Andrei M. , Webster George J. , Vienne Ariane , Beilenhoff Ulrike , Bisschops Raf , Hassan Cesare , Gralnek Ian M. , Messmann Helmut 
Published: July 2022

AbstractClimate change and the destruction of ecosystems by human activities are among the greatest challenges of the 21st century and require urgent action. Health care activities significantly contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases and waste production, with gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy being one of the largest contributors. This Position Statement aims to raise awareness of the ecological footprint of GI endoscopy and provides guidance to reduce its environmental impact. The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and the European Society of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Nurses and Associates (ESGENA) outline suggestions and recommendations for health care providers, patients, governments, and industry. Main statements 1 GI endoscopy is a resource-intensive activity with a significant yet poorly assessed environmental impact. 2 ESGE-ESGENA recommend adopting immediate actions to reduce the environmental impact of GI endoscopy. 3 ESGE-ESGENA recommend adherence to guidelines and implementation of audit strategies on the appropriateness of GI endoscopy to avoid the environmental impact of unnecessary procedures. 4 ESGE-ESGENA recommend the embedding of reduce, reuse, and recycle programs in the GI endoscopy unit. 5 ESGE-ESGENA suggest that there is an urgent need to reassess and reduce the environmental and economic impact of single-use GI endoscopic devices. 6 ESGE-ESGENA suggest against routine use of single-use GI endoscopes. However, their use could be considered in highly selected patients on a case-by-case basis. 7 ESGE-ESGENA recommend inclusion of sustainability in the training curricula of GI endoscopy and as a quality domain. 8 ESGE-ESGENA recommend conducting high quality research to quantify and minimize the environmental impact of GI endoscopy. 9 ESGE-ESGENA recommend that GI endoscopy companies assess, disclose, and audit the environmental impact of their value chain. 10 ESGE-ESGENA recommend that GI endoscopy should become a net-zero greenhouse gas emissions practice by 2050.
Gel immersion endoscopic submucosal dissection: clinical experience with 13 cases of superficial esophageal cancer
Authors: Nakano Yuya , Tashima Tomoaki , Jinushi Ryuhei , Terada Rie , Mashimo Yumi , Kawasaki Tomonori , Uraoka Toshio , Ryozawa Shomei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEsophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of tumors located on the gravity side is technically challenging. Given that gel immersion ESD (GIESD) is performed by immersing lesions in gel, we hypothesized that it could be used to eliminate the disadvantage associated with submerging the gravity side. Here, we performed GIESD using VISCOCLEAR for superficial esophageal cancer on the gravity side of the esophagus, with monopolar devices. This study aimed to evaluate the short-term outcomes of GIESD for superficial esophageal cancer. Fifteen patients with 16 superficial esophageal cancers underwent GIESD by a single operator, and 13 cases were evaluated. All patients were male, and GIESD was performed in the middle (12/13, 92.3 %) and lower (1/13, 7.7 %) thoracic esophagus. The lesions were located on the left (7/13, 53.8 %), posterior (5/13, 38.5 %), and right (1/13, 7.7 %) esophageal walls. The median procedure time was 27 minutes (interquartile range [IQR], 14–68), and the median dissection speed was 20 mm2/min (IQR, 14–25.7). The median amount of gel used was 400 mL (IQR, 360–580), and no gel-related adverse events were observed. The median total dose of midazolam was 3 mg (IQR, 2–5). GIESD was completed with en bloc and R0 resections achieved in 100 % of the 13 cases. Delayed adverse events, such as bleeding or perforation, did not occur (0/13, 0 %).
Visible-Light-Initiated Oxidative Coupling of Indole and Active Methylene Compounds Using Eosin Y as a Photocatalyst
Authors: Singh Sundaram , Kushwaha Ambuj Kumar , Maury Suresh Kumar , Kumari Savita , Kamal Arsala , Singh Himanshu Kumar , Kumar Dhirendra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA novel, efficient, mild, and inexpensive photocatalytic approach has been established for the visible-light-initiated oxidative coupling of indole and active methylene compounds using atmospheric air and water as an oxidant in the presence of Eosin Y to give 3-methyleneindolin-2-ones. In this work, only one molecule of malononitrile, ethyl acetoacetate, or dimedone reacts with one molecule of indole, but, in contrast, two molecules of barbituric acid react with one molecule of indole. The essential features of this approach are metal-free reaction, high yield of the products, no side product, and use of renewable energy sources.
Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Stereospecific Dearomative Spirocyclization of Benzothiophenyl Analogues of Tertiary cis-β-Benzylstyrenes
Authors: Stokes Benjamin J. , Tohti Anargul , Lerda Victoria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract3-Substituted benzothiophenyl analogues of tertiary cis-β-benzylstyrenes undergo triflic acid catalyzed dearomative spirocyclization at room temperature to afford compounds containing vicinal quaternary centers. Hydroarylation of the styrene is a competing process that occurs preferentially within substrates possessing electron-rich styrenyl alkenes, or an indole in place of the benzothiophene.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of Spiro[benzopyrrolothiazole-thioazlactone] Derivatives from Erlenmeyer Thioazlactones and Azomethine Ylides
Authors: Yavari Issa , Shirazi Hamideh , Sheikhi Sara , Taheri Zohreh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractErlenmeyer thioazlactones reacted with 3-(2-oxo-2-arylethyl)benzo[d]thiazol-3-ium bromides in the presence of Et3N in MeCN to afford 1-aryloyl-2′-(benzylthio)-2-aryl-2,3a-dihydro-1H,5′H-spiro[benzo[d]pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazole-3,4′-thiazol]-5′-ones. Formally, this transformation can be regarded as a Huisgen reaction of the exocyclic carbon–carbon double bond of the Erlenmeyer thioazlactones and azomethine ylides generated in situ. Evidence for the structure of a product was obtained from single-crystal X-ray analyses. The important feature of this reaction is the fact it forms four stereogenic centers, one of which is quaternary, with excellent selectivity.
10.17 Benzo[b]phospholes
Authors: Aitken R. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis chapter is a complete revision and update of the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution from 2000 describing methods for the synthesis of benzo[b]phospholes. About half of the references cited describe newer methods reported between 2000 and 2021 and, as well as extensions to the previously described approaches, several completely new approaches are included. Among the strategies covered are reactions of metalated phenylalkyne derivatives with phosphorus halides, cyclizations of (2-alkynylphenyl)phosphorus compounds, direct reactions of phenylphosphorus compounds with alkynes, and aromatization of dihydro derivatives. In addition, the initially obtained compounds can be converted into a variety of derivatives by modification at phosphorus by oxidation, substitution, or reduction.
FPGA-based electronic system for the control and readout of superconducting quantum processors
Authors: Yang Yuchen , Shen Zhongtao , Zhu Xing , Wang Ziqi , Zhang Gengyan , Zhou Jingwei , Jiang Xun , Deng Chunqing , Liu Shubin 
Published: July 2022

Electronic systems for qubit control and measurement serve as a bridge between quantum programming language and quantum information processors. With the rapid development of superconducting quantum circuit technology, synchronization in a large-scale system, low-latency execution, and low noise are required for electronic systems. Here, we present a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based electronic system with a distributed synchronous clock and trigger architecture. The system supports synchronous control of qubits with jitters of ∼5 ps. We implement a real-time digital signal processing system in the FPGA, enabling precise timing control, arbitrary waveform generation, in-phase and quadrature demodulation for qubit state discrimination, and the generation of real-time qubit-state-dependent trigger signals for feedback/feedforward control. The hardware and firmware low-latency design reduces the feedback/feedforward latency of the electronic system to 125 ns, significantly less than the decoherence times of the qubit. Finally, we demonstrate the functionalities and low-noise performance of this system using a fluxonium quantum processor.
Development of an improved inhibitor of Lats kinases to promote regeneration of mammalian organs
Authors: Kastan Nathaniel R. , Oak Sanyukta , Liang Rui , Baxt Leigh , Myers Robert W. , Ginn John , Liverton Nigel , Huggins David J. , Pichardo John , Paul Matthew , Carroll Thomas S. , Nagiel Aaron , Gnedeva Ksenia , Hudspeth A. J. 
Published: July 2022

The Hippo signaling pathway acts as a brake on regeneration in many tissues. This cascade of kinases culminates in the phosphorylation of the transcriptional cofactors Yap and Taz, whose concentration in the nucleus consequently remains low. Various types of cellular signals can reduce phosphorylation, however, resulting in the accumulation of Yap and Taz in the nucleus and subsequently in mitosis. We earlier identified a small molecule, TRULI, that blocks the final kinases in the pathway, Lats1 and Lats2, and thus elicits proliferation of several cell types that are ordinarily postmitotic and aids regeneration in mammals. In the present study, we present the results of chemical modification of the original compound and demonstrate that a derivative, TDI-011536, is an effective blocker of Lats kinases in vitro at nanomolar concentrations. The compound fosters extensive proliferation in retinal organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Intraperitoneal administration of the substance to mice suppresses Yap phosphorylation for several hours and induces transcriptional activation of Yap target genes in the heart, liver, and skin. Moreover, the compound initiates the proliferation of cardiomyocytes in adult mice following cardiac cryolesions. After further chemical refinement, related compounds might prove useful in protective and regenerative therapies.
Multichannel single center method
Authors: Novikovskiy Nikolay M , Artemyev Anton N , Rezvan Dmitrii V , Lagutin Boris M , Demekhin Philipp V 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A multichannel single center (MCSC) method for the theoretical description of the electron continuum spectrum in molecules is reported. The method includes coupling between different continuum channels via electron correlations and describes, thereby, photoelectron continuum in the Tamm–Dancoff (configuration interaction singles) approximation. Basic equations of the non-iterative one-channel single center (SC) method and their extension to the MCSC method are presented, and an efficient scheme for their numerical solution is outlined. The method is tested on known illustrative examples of the Ar 3s-, HCl 4σ- and N2 1σ-photoionization processes, where inter-channel coupling plays a very important role. Unlike our previous SC studies, the present MCSC method can be reliably applied to photoionization of outer and valence molecular orbitals, where inter-channel correlations in the continuum might be relevant.
Sea urchin-like CoNi2S4 materials derived from nickel hexamyanocobaltate for high-performance asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor
Authors: Wu Shang , Xu Xin , Yan Xiangtao , Zhao Huanlei , Liu Chaoyang , Wang Yanbin , Su Qiong , Yin Fenping , Yang Quanlu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this work, a mild chemical precipitation method and simple hydrothermal treatment of the nickel hexamyanocobaltate precursor strategy are developed to prepare a sea urchin-like CoNi2S4 compound with remarkable specific capacity and excellent cycling stability. The prepared CoNi2S4 has an outstanding specific capacity of 149.1 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1 and an initial capacity of 83.1% after 3000 cycles at 10 A g−1. Moreover, the porous carbon nanospheres (PCNs) with exhibit cycling stability (94.7% of initial specific capacity after 10 000 cycles at 10 A g−1) are selected as negative electrode to match CoNi2S4 positive electrode for assembly of CoNi2S4//PCNs asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC). Satisfactorily, the as-assembled CoNi2S4//PCNs ASC exhibits an impressive energy density of 41.6 Wh kg−1 at 797 W kg−1, as well as the suitable capacity retention of 82.8% after 10 000 cycles. The superior properties of the device demonstrated that the as-prepared material is potential energy storage material.