bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A static modeling approach to the Brown Limestone carbonate reservoir, Geisum Oilfield, Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Authors: Osman Mohamed , Sadoun Mohamed , Fathy Mohamed 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Gulf of Suez in Egypt contains more than 80 conventional oil fields with reservoirs from Precambrian up to Quaternary age. To date, these fields have all been conventional resources. This abstract will take part of the Gulf of Suez sequence within the fields of Petrogulf Misr Company and present a work process for unconventional resource assessment of the Brown Limestone formation within one of these areas. The Brown Limestone formation is a Late Cretaceous Pre-rift mega sequence succession and plays an important role in the conventional system of Gulf of Suez, Brown Limestone formation is not only as one of the important source rocks, but also a fractured carbonate reservoir in multiple fields especially is the southern Geisum oil field. However, this formation is characterized by uncertainty due to the complexity of reservoir architecture, various lithologies, lateral facies variations, and heterogeneous reservoir quality. These reservoir challenges, in turn, affect the effectiveness of further exploitation of this reservoir along the Gulf of Suez Basin. In this work, we conduct an integrated study using multidisciplinary datasets and techniques to determine the precise structural, petrophysical, and facies characteristics of the Brown Limestone Formation and predict their complex geometry in 3D space. The Brown Limestone formation is considered to be as a reservoir in the study area. The value of water saturation ranges from 15 to 45%, where the value of Effective Porosity ranges from 11 to 15% for the selected potential intervals in Brown Limestone due to the highly structural setting in the study area, so Reservoir thickness was used as the proxy for reservoir effectiveness where thicker reservoir had a higher chance of containing multiple intervals for good potential intervals.
Diverse and Dynamic Alpha-Neurotoxicity Within Venoms from the Palearctic Viperid Snake Clade of Daboia, Macrovipera, Montivipera, and Vipera
Authors: Chowdhury Abhinandan , Zdenek Christina N. , Fry Bryan G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe targeting of specific prey by snake venom toxins is a fascinating aspect of molecular and ecological evolution. Neurotoxic targeting by elapid snakes dominates the literature in this regard; however, recent studies have revealed viper toxins also induce neurotoxic effect. While this effect is thought to primarily be driven by prey selectivity, no study has quantified the taxonomically specific neurotoxicity of the viper clade consisting of Daboia, Macrovipera, Montivipera, and Vipera genera. Here, we tested venom toxin binding from 28 species of vipers from the four genera on the alpha 1 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) orthosteric sites of amphibian, avian, lizard, rodent, and human mimotopes (synthetic peptides) using the Octet HTX biolayer interferometry platform. Daboia siamensis and D. russelii had broad binding affinity towards all mimotopes, while D. palestinae had selectivity toward lizard. Macrovipera species, on the other hand, were observed to have a higher affinity for amphibian mimotopes except for M. schweizeri, which inclined more toward lizard mimotopes. All Montivipera and most Vipera species also had higher affinity toward lizard mimotopes. Vipera a. montandoni, V. latastei, V. nikolski, and V. transcaucasina had the least binding to any of the mimotopes of the study. While a wide range of affinity binding towards various mimotopes were observed within the clade, the lowest affinity occurred towards the human target. Daboia siamensis and Macrovipera lebetina exhibited the greatest affinity toward the human mimotope, albeit still the least targeted of the mimotopes within those species. Overlaying this toxin-targeting trait over phylogeny of this clade revealed multiple cases of amplification of this trait and several cases of secondary loss. Overall, our results reveal dynamic variation, amplification, and some secondary loss of the prey targeting trait by alpha-neurotoxins within the venoms of this clade, indicating evolutionary selection pressure shaping the basic biochemistry of these venoms. Our work illustrates the successful use of this biophysical assay to further research snake venom neurotoxins and emphasizes the risk of generalizing venom effects observed on laboratory animals to have similar effects on humans.
A Novel CTLA-4 affinity peptide for cancer immunotherapy by increasing the integrin αvβ3 targeting
Authors: Zhou Ying , Song Shuyi , Yuan Baomei , Wu Yahong , Gao Yanfeng , Wan Guangming , Li Guodong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are changing all aspects of malignant tumour therapy as an immunotherapy subverter in oncology. However, the current ICIs might induce systemic immune activation in other tissues and organs since they are not tumour-specific, causing the immune system to attack some normal tissues and organs of the human body. The toxicity can also amplify greatly although combined immunotherapy for cancer has increased the curative efficacy. The LC4 peptide was modified to improve its tumour-targeting ability and reduce peripheral immune system activation, which was obtained through phage display peptide library screening and could block the CTLA-4/CD80 interaction. The LC4 peptide as a result, like other ICIs, exerts anti-tumour effects by refreshing T cell function, and also activates the peripheral immune system. We used the PLGLAG peptide as a linker at the C-terminal of LC4 to connect with a tumour-targeting peptide RGD to increase the tumour tissue targeting ability, and obtain LC4-PLG-RGD. Further experiments demonstrated that the anti-tumour LC4-PLG-RGD activity was better than LC4 in vivo, and the ability to activate the peripheral immune system was weakened. In conclusion, LC4-PLG-RGD can increase the ICIs tumour-targeting and reduce excessive peripheral tissue immune activation, thereby reducing the side effects of ICIs, while increasing their anti-tumour efficacy. This study confirmed that enhanced ICI tumour targeting can effectively reduce immune-related adverse reaction occurrence.
Illuminating informal cross-border trade in processed small pelagic fish in West Africa
Authors: Ayilu Raymond K. , Nyiawung Richard A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTrade in processed small pelagic fish and informal cross-border trade (ICBT) are linked to livelihood activities in West Africa. Although these fish products are being traded informally in West Africa, research on this topic is limited. This study builds on a multi-partner supported ‘FishTrade’ initiative in Africa to illuminate the volume and value of informal fish trade across the Ghana–Togo–Benin (GTB) borders, and the socio-demographic determinants supporting participation and profitability in this trade. We used a structured survey and focus group interviews to obtain data from women fish traders, who handle the entire fish trade in three major Ghanaian markets where ICBT activities are concentrated. Our results showed ICBT across these borders constitutes significant economic and livelihood potential, estimated at about 6000 MT in volume and US$14 million in market value per annum. Furthermore, socio-demographic factors, such as fish traders’ years of experience and membership in an unofficial market cooperative, positively influence participation and profitability, but access to market information negatively affects participation. However, geographical distance, large household size and access to micro-finance negatively affect ICBT profitability. Our findings illuminate that consumers’ purchasing power, fish taste and preference, ICBT’s economic opportunities and a shared heritage and connection significantly influence this form of trading along the GTB borders. We conclude that ICBT in these small pelagic processed fish represents untapped potential for local livelihood and highlight the need for further research on this topic.
A global relative similarity for inferring interactions of multi-agent systems
Authors: Gu Kongjing , Duan Xiaojun , Qi Mingze , Yan Liang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInteractions and dynamics are critical mechanisms for multi-agent systems to achieve complex intelligence through the cooperation of simple agents. Yet, inferring interactions of the multi-agent system is still a common and open problem. A new method named K-similarity is designed to measure the global relative similarities for inferring the interactions among multiple agents in this paper. K-similarity is defined to be a synthetic measure of relative similarity on each observation snapshot where regular distances are nonlinearly mapped into a network. Therefore, K-similarity contains the global relative similarity information, and the interaction topology can be inferred from the similarity matrix. It has the potential to transform into distance strictly and detect multi-scale information with various K strategies. Therefore, K-similarity can be flexibly applied to various synchronized dynamical systems with fixed, switching, and time-varying topologies. In the experiments, K-similarity outperforms four benchmark methods in accuracy in most scenarios on both simulated and real datasets, and shows strong stability towards outliers. Furthermore, according to the property of K-similarity we develop a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM)-based threshold to select probable interactions. Our method contributes to not only similarity measurement in multi-agent systems, but also other global similarity measurement problems.
Identification and classification of water absorption profile of distributed optical fiber vibration signal based on XGBoost algorithm
Authors: Wang Yi , Li Moujie , Li Xincheng , Wang Huawei , Tian Longmei , Deng Rui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAiming at the problem that the layered water injection cannot be accurately obtained in the process of oilfield development, this paper proposes an optical fiber vibration signal recognition and classification algorithm based on XGBoost integrated learning. Firstly, the optical fiber vibration signal collected by the optical fiber vibration sensor is denoised by variational mode decomposition and reconstruction. Then generate spectrograms corresponding to different water absorption layers at different times. A dataset containing 3000 spectral images is obtained. The data sets are imported into support vector machine, random forest classifier and XGBoost integrated classifier based on decision tree for recognition and classification. The parameters of the obtained model are optimized and the model is evaluated by cross validation. Finally, the obtained models are compared and tested. The experimental results show that the XGBoost ensemble learning algorithm with decision tree as the base classifier can effectively identify different vibration signals. This method has a certain significance for the identification of layered relative water absorption of water injection profile.
Mineralogical and Elemental Trends in Regolith on Historically Managed Sites in the southeastern United States Piedmont
Authors: Schroeder Paul A. , Austin Jason C. , Thompson Aaron , Richter Daniel D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe deep regolith of the southeastern United States has undergone rapid erosion in the last two centuries due to intensive agricultural practices, which has altered the landscape and its inherent fertility. Parent material, landscape position, and land use are important factors in controlling the mineral and elemental composition of soil profiles. Independent quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD) and whole-rock chemical analysis of eight weathering profiles agreed well and allow mineral reaction pathways to be constrained as particles are conveyed in the subsurface. QXRD analysis of saprolite, argillic, and soil A-horizons in the profiles highlights the imprint of bedrock on the regolith, which includes Neoproterozoic meta-tonalitic to meta-granodioritic and Paleozoic meta-granitic to biotite- and amphibolite-gneissic lithologies. Also, aeolian input slightly influenced A-horizon composition. The clay mineral assemblage is dominated by kaolinite, but profiles differ in the amount of interstratified clay minerals, halloysite, hematite, goethite, and gibbsite. Rare-earth element totals vary between 30 and 1048 ppm and are generally correlated positively with clay and clay mineral content. Eu and Ce anomalies reflect parent rocks and subsequent hydrolysis and redox history, with trends depending upon landscape position and clay content in the weathering profile. Weathering profiles on a high-order interfluve and those that were actively cultivated have thick argillic horizons (as defined by clay mineral abundance) and are depleted in alkali and alkaline-earth elements. Profiles proximally developed on old-field pine and never-cultivated hardwood forest land do not show large differences in mineral composition trends, whereas profiles on old-field sites with ongoing cultivation exhibit assemblages enriched in clay minerals and (oxyhydr)oxides. Old-field pine sites that were historically eroded by previous cultivation tend to have shallower and thinner argillic horizons, which may well impact critical-zone processes involving gas and water fluxes. This study highlights that mineral compositions of deep regolith, saprolite, and shallow soil horizons are dependent on local geomorphology (i.e. watershed- and hillshed-orders). Quantifying soil and regolith compositional trends across the landscape is a prerequisite for determining rates of chemical and physical erosion on human and geologic time scales.
AN ABSTRACT ALGEBRAIC LOGIC STUDY OF DA COSTA’S LOGIC AND SOME OF ITS PARACONSISTENT EXTENSIONS
Authors: ALBUQUERQUE HUGO , CALEIRO CARLOS 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTwo famous negative results about da Costa’s paraconsistent logic
${\mathscr {C}}_1$
(the failure of the Lindenbaum–Tarski process [44] and its non-algebraizability [39]) have placed
${\mathscr {C}}_1$
seemingly as an exception to the scope of Abstract Algebraic Logic (AAL). In this paper we undertake a thorough AAL study of da Costa’s logic
${\mathscr {C}}_1$
. On the one hand, we strengthen the negative results about
${\mathscr {C}}_1$
by proving that it does not admit any algebraic semantics whatsoever in the sense of Blok and Pigozzi (a weaker notion than algebraizability also introduced in the monograph [6]). On the other hand,
${\mathscr {C}}_1$
is a protoalgebraic logic satisfying a Deduction-Detachment Theorem (DDT). We then extend our AAL study to some paraconsistent axiomatic extensions of
${\mathscr {C}}_1$
covered in the literature. We prove that for extensions
${\mathcal {S}}$
such as
${\mathcal {C}ilo}$
[26], every algebra in
${\mathsf {Alg}}^*({\mathcal {S}})$
contains a Boolean subalgebra, and for extensions
${\mathcal {S}}$
such as , , or [16, 53], every subdirectly irreducible algebra in
${\mathsf {Alg}}^*({\mathcal {S}})$
has cardinality at most 3. We also characterize the quasivariety
${\mathsf {Alg}}^*({\mathcal {S}})$
and the intrinsic variety
$\mathbb {V}({\mathcal {S}})$
, with , , and .
Betti maps, Pell equations in polynomials and almost-Belyi maps
Authors: Barroero Fabrizio , Capuano Laura , Zannier Umberto 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe study the Betti map of a particular (but relevant) section of the family of Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves using the polynomial Pell equation$A^2-DB^2=1$, with$A,B,D\in \mathbb {C}[t]$and certain ramified covers$\mathbb {P}^1\to \mathbb {P}^1$arising from such equation and having heavy constrains on their ramification. In particular, we obtain a special case of a result of André, Corvaja and Zannier on the submersivity of the Betti map by studying the locus of the polynomialsDthat fit in a Pell equation inside the space of polynomials of fixed even degree. Moreover, Riemann existence theorem associates to the abovementioned covers certain permutation representations: We are able to characterize the representations corresponding to ‘primitive’ solutions of the Pell equation or to powers of solutions of lower degree and give a combinatorial description of these representations whenDhas degree 4. In turn, this characterization gives back some precise information about the rational values of the Betti map.
Birth weight and cardiometabolic risk factors: a discordant twin study in the UK Biobank
Authors: Wang Geng , Bond Tom A. , Warrington Nicole M. , Evans David M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOne of the longstanding debates in life-course epidemiology is whether an adverse intrauterine environment, often proxied by birth weight, causally increases the future risk of cardiometabolic disease. The use of a discordant twin study design, which controls for the influence of shared genetic and environmental confounding factors, may be useful to investigate whether this relationship is causal. We conducted a discordant twin study of 120 monozygotic (MZ) and 148 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs from the UK Biobank to explore the potential causal relationships between birth weight and a broad spectrum of later-life cardiometabolic risk factors. We used a linear mixed model to investigate the association between birth weight and later-life cardiometabolic risk factors for twins, allowing for both within-pair differences and between-pair differences in birth weight. Of primary interest is the within-pair association between differences in birth weight and cardiometabolic risk factors, which could reflect an intrauterine effect on later-life risk factors. We found no strong evidence of association in MZ twins between the within-pair differences in birth weight and most cardiometabolic risk factors in later life, except for nominal associations with C-reactive protein and insulin-like growth factor 1. However, these associations were not replicated in DZ twin pairs. Our study provided no strong evidence for intrauterine effects on later-life cardiometabolic risk factors, which is consistent with previous large-scale studies of singletons testing the potential causal relationship. It does not support the hypothesis that adverse intrauterine environments increase the risk of cardiometabolic disease in later life.
Seismological Evidence for Girdled Olivine Lattice‐Preferred Orientation in Oceanic Lithosphere and Implications for Mantle Deformation Processes During Seafloor Spreading
Authors: Russell J. B. , Gaherty J. B. , Mark H. F. , Hirth G. , Hansen L. N. , Lizarralde D. , Collins J. A. , Evans R. L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSeismic anisotropy produced by aligned olivine in oceanic lithosphere offers a window into mid‐ocean ridge (MOR) dynamics. Yet, interpreting anisotropy in the context of grain‐scale deformation processes and strain observed in laboratory experiments and natural olivine samples has proven challenging due to incomplete seismological constraints and length scale differences spanning orders of magnitude. To bridge this observational gap, we estimate an in situ elastic tensor for oceanic lithosphere using co‐located compressional‐ and shear‐wavespeed anisotropy observations at the NoMelt experiment located on ∼70 Ma seafloor. The elastic model for the upper 7 km of the mantle, NoMelt_SPani7, is characterized by a fast azimuth parallel to the fossil‐spreading direction, consistent with corner‐flow deformation fabric. We compare this model with a database of 123 petrofabrics from the literature to infer olivine crystallographic orientations and shear strain accumulated within the lithosphere. Direct comparison to olivine deformation experiments indicates strain accumulation of 250%–400% in the shallow mantle. We find evidence for D‐type olivine lattice‐preferred orientation (LPO) with fast [100] parallel to the shear direction and girdled [010] and [001] crystallographic axes perpendicular to shear. D‐type LPO implies similar amounts of slip on the (010)[100] and (001)[100] easy slip systems during MOR spreading; we hypothesize that grain‐boundary sliding during dislocation creep relaxes strain compatibility, allowing D‐type LPO to develop in the shallow lithosphere. Deformation dominated by dislocation‐accommodated grain‐boundary sliding (disGBS) has implications for in situ stress and grain size during MOR spreading and implies grain‐size dependent deformation, in contrast to pure dislocation creep.
Hidden Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature States Reveal Global Predictability for Monthly Precipitation for Sub‐Season to Annual Scales
Authors: Zhang Mengjie , Rojo‐Hernández Julián David , Yan Lei , Mesa Óscar José , Lall Upmanu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present the first global precipitation predictability estimates corresponding to the recently discovered flavors of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) that are encoded in the hidden states of Tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures identified using a non‐homogeneous hidden Markov model. For each calendar month and for each hidden state, we assess future precipitation predictability through the conditional standardized anomaly of the average and the standard deviation of monthly precipitation, at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months lead times. We find statistically significant potential predictive skill for key regions for each hidden state and calendar month, even for 12‐months in the future. We apply the algorithm sequentially over the period of record to identify regions that can be consistently predicted for different lead times and calendar months. The cross‐validated correlation skill is demonstrably superior to that of regression with an ENSO index used in the same way.