bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of sub-pyramid texturing as the next step towards high efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Chu Feihong , Qu Xianlin , He Yongcai , Li Wenling , Chen Xiaoqing , Zheng Zilong , Yang Miao , Ru Xiaoning , Peng Fuguo , Qu Minghao , Zheng Kun , Xu Xixiang , Yan Hui , Zhang Yongzhe 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Over the past few decades, silicon-based solar cells have dominated the photovoltaic industry, and the interfacial morphology of crystalline silicon/amorphous silicon (c-Si/a-Si) is a key success factor to approach the theoretical efficiency of Si-based solar cells, especially Si heterojunction (SHJ) technology. One of the major issues plaguing the SHJ development, is the unexpected c-Si epitaxial growth and nanotwins formation at c-Si/a-Si interface. By a combination of atomic-resolution high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF-STEM) images and in-situ high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), we obtained new finding in high-efficiency SHJ industrial devices, and simulated c-Si/a-Si interfacial morphology. Employing microsecond-long low-temperature (500 K) molecular dynamic simulations, we proposed a new strategy to prevent from both c-Si epitaxial growth and nanotwin formation, that the texture should have a decreased pyramid apex-angle (slightly smaller than 70.53°) in SHJ solar cells. The new apex-angle consists of hybrid (111)0.9/(011)0.1 c-Si planes, rather than pure (111) planes in conventional texture pyramid. The nature of the hybrid c-Si plane is low-energy c-Si/a-Si interface, which is unfavorable for either epitaxial c-Si growth or nanotwins formation. More importantly, given there is not any additional industrial preparation process, the new design of hybrid c-Si plane could improve c-Si/a-Si interfacial morphology for a-Si passivated contacts technique, and wide-applied for all silicon-based (single-junction and tandem) solar cells as well.
A Most Peculiar Interferometer
Authors: Korula Aswan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper we conduct a simple experiment wherein we create a wave within a circular container and analyse the interference patterns generated by the reflections from the boundary. In doing so we observe constructive interference in positions in space where our current wave theory predicts noise. This result demonstrates that in the particular situation presented here, the velocities of a wave before and after reflection from a solid boundary, are unequal. Analysing these peculiar events, we explore theoretical and observational equivalencies between our water wave experiment and the Michelson-Morley experiment of 1887.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN ANDROID UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SPASIAL
Authors: Fahmi Syariful , Widayati Widayati , Priwantoro Soffi Widyanesti 
Published: October 2022

Kehidupan manusia merupakan sesuatu yang berjalan secara dinamis. Segala sesuatu akan senantiasa berkembang, termasuk juga ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi informasi. Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, pada dasarnya selalu berkaitan atau bahkan terwujud dari berbagai cabang ilmu pengetahuan matematika, seperti : aljabar, bilangan, geometri, dan statistika. Dalam hal ini, kenyataan dilapangan menunjukkan materi pada kelas VIII relatif sulit, salah satunya materi bangun ruang sisi datar yang termasuk dalam cabang ilmu geometri. Untuk dapat meningkatkan kemampuan spasial siswa terutama dalam pembelajaran geometri, digunakan sebuah media yang dapat membantu siswa membangun susunan elemen-elemen dalam gambar visual kemudian dapat merepresentasikan dalam ruang dua dimensi. Sehingga pengembangan media pembelajaran dengan menggunakan bantuan software Adobe Flash CS 6 dan Unity dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk mendukung pembelajaran matematika secara konvensionalPenelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian pengembangan, dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) untuk menghasilkan suatu produk media pembelajaran interaktif. Software yang dalam pembuatan media pembeljaran interaktif ini adalah Adobe Flash CS 6 dan Unity sebagai software utamanya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP Muhammadiyah 7 Yogyakarta dengan subjek 31 siswa kelas VIII C tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil angket validasi materi oleh ahli materi, angket validasi media oleh ahli media, dan angket respon siswa oleh siswa. Kelayakan media pembelajaran interaktif ini didapatkan dari proses analisis data secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif.Produk hasil dari penelitian pengembangan ini berupa software pembelajaran matematika pada materi bangun ruang sisi datar kelas VIII yang dapat diunduh dan dioperasikan di ponsel berbasis android. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba oleh ahli materi, ahli media, dan uji pengguna, produk ini memperoleh rata-rata skor kelayakan berturut-turut 77; 118,5; dan 78,87 dengan kategori kualitatif sangat baik, sangat baik, dan baik. Dengan demikian, produk media pembelajaran interaktif yang telah berhasil dikembangkan ini layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran matematika.
EVALUASI KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR FISIKA KONTEKSTUAL BERBANTUAN SOCRATIC QUESTION
Authors: Lestari Nurita Apridiana , Winarto Gunawan Hadi 
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan salah satu tahapan dari proyek pengembangan bahan ajar kontekstual berbantuan socratic question pada pembelajaran fisika dengan materi utama Termodinamika. Tujuan tahap evaluasi adalah untuk mengetahui profil keefektifan penerapan bahan ajar kontekstual berbantuan socratic question terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Penelitian pengembangan yang dilakukan menggunakan metode ADDIE yang terdiri dari tahap: “Analysis-Design-Development-Implementation-Evaluation”. Implementasi bahan ajar dengan socratic question dengan materi Termodinamika dilakukan selama 4 pertemuan yang diikuti oleh 64 siswa. Parameter yang diukur dalam tahap evaluasi ini adalah kualitas produk bahan ajar dan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) proses pengembangan bahan ajar fisika kontekstual berbantuan socratic question telah memenuhi kriteria kualitas produk yang meliputi validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan (2) terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kemampuan berpikir kritis fisika siswa yang menggunakan produk bahan ajar kontekstual berbantuan socratic question tanpa penerapan produk. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa profil kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran fisika yang menggunakan produk bahan ajar fisika kontekstual socratic question lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran yang tidak menggunakan bahan ajar fisika kontekstual berbantuan socratic question (dengan indikator berpikir kritis terdiri dari memberikan argumen, induksi, mengevaluasi, dan membuat keputusan).
A Sensitive Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method for Determination
of 14-Deoxy-12(R)-Sulfo Andrographolide Concentration in Rat Plasma and its
Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Yang Ruopeng , Hu Wanyu , Xie Cong , Tang Dafu , Zhao Xiaojie , Fu Bingxuan , Wu Jianming , Ye Ling , Liao Rongxin 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Andrographolide is a promising natural substance with numerous pharmacotherapy uses.
14-deoxy-12(R)-sulfo andrographolide (SAP) is the main metabolite of andrographolide in the intestine.

Objective:
To investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of SAP, a precise and sensitive ultra-performance liquid
chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of SAP concentration in
rat plasma was developed and validated in this study.

Methods:
Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Acpuity UPLC BEH C18 column with gradient elution
that consisted of methanol and water at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. MS/MS detection was carried out by the multiple
reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with negative electrospray ionization (ESI-) source, with the transitions of m/z
413.2→m/z 287.2 for SAP and m/z 269→m/z 133 for genistein [which was used as an internal standard (IS)].

Results:
The calibration curve of SAP was linear over the concentration range of 5-120 ng/mL. The selectivity, precision,
accuracy, extraction recovery, matrix effect, and stability of the method were within acceptable ranges. This
SAP quantification method was then successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of SAP. The area under the
curve (AUC) of SAP in rats treated with SAP at 60 mg/kg by intravenous administration was 7498.53 ± 2405.02
mg/L·min. The AUC of SAP in rats treated with SAP at 60 mg/kg by oral administration was 97.74 ± 39.56
mg/L·min. Thus, the absolute oral bioavailability of SAP was determined to be 1.40%.
Examining the Severity of Traffic Barriers Crashes, Mixed Model with Observed Heterogeneity
Authors: Rezapour Mahdi , Ksaibati Khaled 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Due to the high involvement of traffic barriers in the severity of crashes, extensive efforts have been made to find factors to those crashes. In this study, the mixed logit model has been recognized and employed for modeling traffic barriers crash severity.

Methods:
The method has shown an improvement over the standard logit model, which assumed the impacts of predictors are fixed across crash observations. However, most past studies assume constant distributional means across various crash observations despite the efforts. In this study, the random parameter model was extended to incorporate the heterogeneity in the taste of random parameters based on other observed factors. The consideration addresses the limitation of the standard mixed model, constraining the random effect means to be constant across all observations. In this study, the heterogeneity in taste highlights a significant difference across subpopulations of barrier crash severity based on various factors. The results of the goodness of fit also highlight significant improvements in model fits, moving from standard logit to the mixed and the mixed models with heterogeneity in tastes.

Results and Discussion:
The results highlight that, for instance, the means of the random parameters of gender varies across crash population based on shoulder width, and average annual daily traffic (AADT), while the impact of the mean of the random parameter of AADT varies based on truck traffic.

Conclusion:
Driver's restrain condition, rollover type of crashes, posted speed limit, and citation record were some of the factors that their effects on the severity of crashes were found to be fixed.
Doxorubicin Loaded Gold Nanoparticles Mitigate Liver Fibrosis and Inflammatory
Cytokines Gene Expression in Rat
Authors: Ishaq Yasmeen , Naeem Hamna , Khurshid Sana , Tabbasam Rabia , Haider Zeeshan 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Gold nanoparticles have the potential to be used as a carrier in drug delivery system due to their small size, large surface area and short circulation time in blood.

Objective:
This study aims that doxorubicin conjugation with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) may reduce its toxicity as well as improve therapeutic efficacy.

Methods:
Five groups of Albino rats were used; 1: healthy control, 2: Injured, 3: injured and treated with Dox, 4: Injured and treated with AuNPs, 5: Injured and treated with AuNPs: Dox. At the end of the experiment, blood and liver tissues were processed for biochemical and histopathological analysis. The expression of collagen, HO-1, IL-6 and TNF-α genes involved in liver fibrosis was observed through real-time PCR.

Results:
At the end of the experiment, it was observed that the body weights of DOX treated rats decreased by 0.72%, however, AuNPs and Au: DOX treated rats were 15.3% and 29.13% respectively. The percentage of liver protection determined through alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels in DOX, AuNPs and AuNPs: DOX treated groups were 39.21%, 79.26%, 98.17% and 47.77%, 84.17%, 97.92% respectively. That represents better recovering liver in Dox-AuNPs treated rats compared to others. Histopathological and gene expression studies further support the findings. The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress related genes HO-1, IL-6 and TNF-α were upregulated in the injured group but downregulated in the treated group.

Conclusion:
As depicted through biochemical, histopathological and gene expression studies, Au: DOX conjugate group seems to be protective against liver fibrosis.
Analysis of the debate on the concept of the state and citizens in the BPUPK meeting treatise
Authors: Syarifa Syifa , Japar Muhammad , Maiwan Mohammad , Hamzah Intan Suria Binti , Fadillah Dini Nur 
Published: October 2022

In the learning of Pancasila and Civic Education, discussions about BPUPK are often attached to the debates about the formulation of Pancasila as the national principle. In fact, the debates in the BPUPK meeting did not only concern to the national principle, but also about the concept of the state and the citizen. This research aims to analyze how the debate over the concept of the state and citizen is in the treatise of the BPUPK meeting. This research used a qualitative approach with library research methods and qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of this research showed that the debate on the concept of the state was divided into two, namely the debate in the form of the state which is faced with the form of a unitary state, union state and state union, and the debate in the form of government which was faced with the monarchy and republic. Furthermore, the debate about citizens was also divided into two, namely the debate on citizenship for foreign descendants which debates whether or not to make foreign descendants as Indonesian citizens in the Constitution, and the debate on the rights of citizens that debates whether to include or not, the rights of citizens in the Constitution.
Conocimiento, prevalencia y valoración de prácticas deshonestas en estudiantes universitarios de Artes y Humanidades y de Ciencias de la Salud
Authors: Vásquez-Rocca Liliana , Cuba Raime Claret , Vásquez Velasco Carolina 
Published: October 2022

El avance tecnológico trajo consigo ventajas y desventajas en el ámbito académico, dando la posibilidad a las y los estudiantes y profesoras y profesores de acceder a una amplia información especializada. Entre las desventajas, se ubica el plagio, la copia y otras acciones similares. De hecho, la práctica deshonesta más frecuente entre las y los estudiantes del mundo es el plagio académico. Al respecto, las indagaciones en esta área son múltiples y desde diferentes aproximaciones teóricas. A nivel iberoamericano, Sureda, Comas y Urbina, (2005) y Comas-Forgas y Sureda-Negre (2010) realizaron estudios pioneros en el campo. En este marco, esta investigación tiene como objetivo comparar el conocimiento, prevalencia y valoración de prácticas deshonestas por parte de las y los estudiantes ingresantes a la universidad de las disciplinas de Artes y Humanidades (Perú) y de las Ciencias de la Salud (Chile). El método utilizado es el cuantitativo descriptivo con un diseño no experimental y transversal, la muestra consideró 217 participantes a los cuales se les aplicó un cuestionario validado previamente. Tras el análisis, los resultados muestran que el conocimiento del plagio y de las referencias no difiere entre ambos campos del saber. En cuanto a la prevalencia y valoración, en su mayoría presentan datos similares, salvo acciones y prácticas específicas que su sanción podría estar más normada por cuerpos legales.
Language Errors in the Thesis Title of Arabic Education Students
Authors: Mukroji Mukroji , Jamil Shobrun , Taufiq Ahmad 
Published: October 2022

One of the main problems in language acquisition is the grammatical mastery of either nahwu or sharaf, as has happened in several cases, both in formal and non-formal educational institutions. The purpose of this paper was to find language errors in the students' thesis of Arabic Language Education Study Program which was prepared by using Arabic in UIN Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto. Content analysis and language error analysis based on Language Theory was used in this research that lied by Miles and Huberman. The study found that there were several forms of language errors in the morphology and syntax. Morphology is an error in grammatical arrangement. There were structure of idafiyah or compound words errors in 9 titles or 50%. Afterwards, Na’atman'ut and hal were found in 3 titles or 20%. Meanwhile, the semantics errors found that related to the use of standard words in 6 titles or 30% and the rest was related to inaccurate word choice or diction. Syntax errors in Arabic writing are very common. It has implications for several things, such as professionalism or the ability to master one form of expertise in Arabic other than qira'ah or kitabah.
EXPLORATION OF MATHEMATICAL LITERACY SKILLS IN SOLVING HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILL TASK
Authors: Masfingatin Titin , Susanti Vera Dewi , Apriliawati Eko 
Published: October 2022

Kemampuan literasi matematika merupakan kemampuan siswa dalam merumuskan, menerapkan serta menafsirkan ilmu matematika untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan mendeskripsikan kemampuan literasi matematika siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika dengan tipe HOTS. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskripstif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian adalah 31 siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Geger Kabupaten Madiun Jawa Timur. Subjek ditentukan berdasarkan hasil tes kemampuan literasi matematika dalam penyelesaian soal HOTS tentang Pythagoras. Subjek dipilih berdasarkan jawaban siswa yang paling benar dan lengkap. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan literasi matematika siswa dalam penyelesaian soal tipe HOTS meliputi kemampuan siswa dalam berpikir dan bernalar matematis, komunikasi matematis, pemodelan, pengajuan dan pemecahan masalah, representasi, simbol, serta penggunaan alat dan teknologi. Mathematical literacy skills is the ability of students to formulate, apply and interpret mathematics to solve problems in everyday life. This study aims to explore and describe students' mathematical literacy skills in solving math problems with the HOTS type. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques using tests and interviews. The research subjects were students of class VIII SMPN 1 Geger, Madiun Regency, East Java. Subjects were determined based on the results of the mathematical literacy ability test in solving the HOTS questions about Pythagoras. Subjects were selected based on the students' most correct and complete answers. The results of this study indicate that students' mathematical literacy abilities in solving HOTS type Pythagorean questions include students' abilities in thinking and reasoning mathematically, mathematical communication, modeling, proposing and solving problems, representation, symbols, use of tools and technology
Faktor Dukungan Organisasi dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Dinas Sosial Kota Bekasi
Authors: Malinda Ayu Salsabila , Sukarno Dedi , Candradewini Candradewini 
Published: October 2022

This study describes the influence of Organizational Support Factors on the Performance of Bekasi City Social Service Employees. This research is motivated by the performance of employees who are considered good when viewed from the data on the Performance Assessment of Civil Servants, Employee Work Targets (SKP) and other performance assessments although there is a significant increase in workload. This study aims to determine the factors that can affect the performance of Bekasi City Social Service employees. This study uses a quantitative research approach with a survey research design. The main data collection technique used a questionnaire filled out by 73 employees of the Bekasi City Social Service consisting of 4 personnel fields. The results showed that based on all the factors that affect the performance of employees at the Bekasi City Social Service, the factor that most reflects organizational support with the largest loading factor value is the indicator of the availability of facilities and infrastructure, where Bekasi City Social Service employees work can access adequate infrastructure for support work when working from office. Based on the results of hypothesis testing on organizational support factors on employee performance at the Bekasi City Social Service, the individual competence factor that most dominantly affects performance is the skill indicator, namely skills in completing work in groups (0.816). Penelitian ini menggambarkan mengenai pengaruh Faktor Dukungan Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Sosial Kota Bekasi. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan kinerja pegawai yang dinilai baik jika dilihat dari data Penilaian Prestasi Kerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil, Sasaran Kerja Pegawai (SKP) dan penilaian kinerja lainnya meskipun terdapat peningkatan muatan kerja yang signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai Dinas Sosial Kota Bekasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian survei. Teknik pengumpulan data utama menggunakan angket yang diisi oleh 73 orang pegawai Dinas Sosial Kota Bekasi yang terdiri dari 4 bidang kepegawaian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan keseluruhan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai di Dinas Sosial Kota Bekasi, faktor yang paling merefleksikan dukungan organisasi dengan nilai loading factor terbesar adalah indikator ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana, dimana pegawai Dinas Sosial Kota Bekasi bekerja dapat mengakses prasarana yang memadai untuk menunjang pekerjaan saat work from office. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesa terhadap faktor-faktor dukungan organisasi terhadap kinerja pegawai di Dinas Sosial Kota Bekasi, faktor kompetensi individu yang paling dominan mempengaruhi kinerja adalah indikator keterampilan, yaitu keterampilan dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan secara berkelompok.
آيات الطاعة وما تضمنته تفاسير بعض العلماء لها ـ دراسة موضوعية
Authors: Hammood Zidan Alaa Thamer 
Published: October 2022

يتناول هذا البحث موضوع الطاعة ، وقد جاءت هذه الكلمة(الطاعة) في ثلاثة مباحث قدمت لها بتمهيد بينت فيه الطاعة لغة واصطلاحاً:
أما المباحث: بينت فيها أهمية طاعة الله وطاعة رسوله الكريم وطاعة أولي الأمر، وإن الله يجزئ عباده المطيعين له خير الجزاء، كما أن للطاعة معانيا وردت في الادلة الشرعية التي ذكرها الله تعالى في كتابه الحكيم وأن لا تكون الطاعة إلا لما أمر الله به واجتناب ما نهى عنه مقترنة بالعمل الصالح لكي يفوز العبد برضى الله ورسوله .
إن طاعة الله واجبة ومن ترك الطاعة وتمسك بالمعصية فجزاءه عقاب الله تعالى ، وطاعة الرسول هي من طاعة الله فإذا ما اختلف المسلمون في أمر ما من أمور الدين فلزوم الرجوع الى أمر رسول الله والنزول عنده بوجوب الطاعة ، وإن اطاعة أولي الأمر هي أيضا واجبة حفاظاً في اصلاح القلوب وحسن الظن بالله ، وعلى وحدة الامة ، وإدامة الحياة ، واستقرار ، مسيرتها للوصول إلى الغاية الحقيقية التي ترضي الله ورسوله. وقد انتهى البحث بخاتمة ذكرت فيها أهم النتائج والتوصيات التي توصلت إليها ، وخصوصا ما يتعلق بطاعة الله ورسوله وأولي الأمر.
التكرار في شعر الماغوط ( الفرح ليس مهنتي أنموذجاً) - أسلوبية –
Authors: Aziz Gelas Mohammed 
Published: October 2022

تحاول هذه الدراسة أن تسلط الضوء على مظاهر التكرار، ودلالة كل مظهر من هذه المظاهر التي تتعلق ببنية الكلام من صوت وكلمة وجملة بالضمائر والمقاطع عند الشاعر السوري (الماغوط)، وبيان تعريف التكرار، والوقوف على أنواعه المختلفة ، والسبب في لجوء الشاعر إلى توظيفه لهذه التكرارات المختلفة الأنواع، وكان لزامًا على الباحث أن يدرس التكرار من وجهة نظر نقدية معاصرة تتناول التكرار في الشعر العربي الحديث.
ويعد التكرار من أهم تقنيات القصيدة الشعرية المعاصرة، وأصبحت في حد ذاتها تقنية فنية يعتمد عليها الشعراء في تشكيل نصوصهم الشعرية، وعنصرًا من عناصر الايقاع الداخلي الذي يعتمد عليه الشاعر في تكوين إيقاعه، وزيادة تنغيمه، وتأثيره واضح على بنية الايقاع الداخلي للقصيدة بوصفه ظاهرة موجودة في أغلب الفنون الأدبية بعد أن أسهمت هذه التقنية الجديدة في إثراء النص الشعري بخاصة بعد اقترانها بالتقنيات الفنية الاخرى التي برزت مع تطور القصيدة الحديثة؛ مما أعطى لها أبعاداً جمالية وفنية.