bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parenting a Child with Learning Disabilities: Mothers’ Self-Forgiveness, Well-Being, and Parental Behaviors
Authors: Finardi Giorgia , Paleari F. Giorgia , Fincham Frank D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractParenting a child with learning disabilities (LDs) can not only be a fulfilling experience, but also a challenging one which can increase parenting stress as well as impair parenting self-efficacy, parental psychological well-being and interactions with the child. Informed by the parenting three-term causal model and the parenting stress model, the present research explored whether self-forgiveness was inversely associated to these undesirable outcomes in mothers of a child with specific LDs. Mothers’ self-forgiveness for perceived failures in dealing with the child’s disabilities was expected to be associated with their psychological well-being and their parental behaviors and relation with the child, both directly and indirectly through parenting stress and parenting self-efficacy. The hypothesized direct and indirect associations were assumed to be moderated by partner support. Data were obtained cross-sectionally from 92 mothers (M age = 43) of children (M age = 12) with diagnosed specific LDs. Self-forgiveness, conceived as a bi-dimensional construct, related to greater psychological well-being and to more accepting and less rejecting behaviors toward the child. For the negative dimension of self-forgiveness, these relations were mediated by parenting stress and parenting self-efficacy, whereas for the positive dimension of self-forgiveness the hypothesized mediational model was supported only for mothers who reported poor support from their partner. The implications for programs designed for parents of children with LDs are noted and several avenues for future research are described.
Determination of $$\alpha $$–$$\alpha $$ interaction from experiment
Authors: Apagyi B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFixed-energy quantum inversion method is applied to determine model independent $$\alpha $$
α
-particle scattering potentials within the energy range between 0 and 50 MeV. Only experimentally allowed even phase shifts are used in the calculation. Detailed results exhibited at low and higher energies show up a large interaction domain, a thin strong Pauli-blocking part and a smooth merging region between the colliding particles. Over-all agreement between input and re-calculated phase shifts justifies the procedure.
Dexmedetomidine Ameliorated Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by Intestinal Ischemia Reperfusion in Mice with Possible Relation to the Anti-inflammatory Effect Through the Locus Coeruleus Norepinephrine System
Authors: Li Gang , Zhou Jun , Wei Jicheng , Liu Bin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCognitive impairment is a common central nervous system complication that occurs following surgery or organs damage outside the nervous system. Neuroinflammation plays a key role in the molecular mechanisms of cognitive impairment. Dexmedetomidine alleviates neuroinflammation and reduces cognitive dysfunction incidence; however, the mechanism by which dexmedetomidine alleviates cognitive dysfunction remains unclear. This study evaluated the effect of dexmedetomidine on attenuation of early cognitive impairment induced by intestinal ischemia–reperfusion in mice and examined whether the locus coeruleus norepinephrine (LCNE) system participates in the anti-inflammatory effect of dexmedetomidine. The superior mesenteric artery was clamped for 45 min to induce intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury. Dexmedetomidine alone or combined with DSP-4, a selective locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurotoxin, was used for pretreatment. Postoperative cognition was assessed using the Morris water maze. Serum and hippocampal levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, norepinephrine (NE), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to evaluate the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the locus coeruleus, hippocampal microglia, and intestinal injury. Pretreatment with dexmedetomidine alleviated intestinal injury and decreased the serum and hippocampal levels of NE, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MDA at 24 h after intestinal ischemia reperfusion, decreased TH-positive neurons in the locus coeruleus, and ameliorated cognitive impairment. Similarly, DSP-4 pre-treatment alleviated neuroinflammation and improved cognitive function. Furthermore, α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist atipamezole or yohimbine administration diminished the neuroprotective effects and improved cognitive function with dexmedetomidine. Therefore, dexmedetomidine attenuated early cognitive dysfunction induced by intestinal ischemia–reperfusion injury in mice, which may be related to its anti-inflammatory effects through the LCNE system.
Adding a constant to the variables in the regression through the origin: the effect on the uncentered $$R^2$$
Authors: Triacca Umberto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIt is well known the effect on uncentered $$R^2$$

R
2

stemming from adding a constant to dependent variable in a linear regression model with intercept. In this paper, we investigate the effect of adding a constant to variables on the uncentered $$R^2$$

R
2

when a linear regression through the origin is used. In particular, we consider two cases. First, a constant $$c \in \mathbb {R}$$

c
∈
R

is added to all observations of the dependent variable. Second, a constant $$c \in \mathbb {R}$$

c
∈
R

is added to all the observations of both the dependent variable and at least an independent variable. We show that in both cases there is an artificial variation of the uncentered $$R^2$$

R
2

. This quantity is not invariant under location change.
Fitting double hierarchical models with the integrated nested Laplace approximation
Authors: Morales-Otero Mabel , Gómez-Rubio Virgilio , Núñez-Antón Vicente 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDouble hierarchical generalized linear models (DHGLM) are a family of models that are flexible enough as to model hierarchically the mean and scale parameters. In a Bayesian framework, fitting highly parameterized hierarchical models is challenging when this problem is addressed using typical Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods due to the potential high correlation between different parameters and effects in the model. The integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) could be considered instead to avoid dealing with these problems. However, DHGLM do not fit within the latent Gaussian Markov random field (GMRF) models that INLA can fit. In this paper, we show how to fit DHGLM with INLA by combining INLA and importance sampling (IS) algorithms. In particular, we will illustrate how to split DHGLM into submodels that can be fitted with INLA so that the remainder of the parameters are fit using adaptive multiple IS (AMIS) with the aid of the graphical representation of the hierarchical model. This is illustrated using a simulation study on three different types of models and two real data examples.
Extracting the collective wisdom in probabilistic judgments
Authors: Peker Cem 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHow should we combine disagreeing expert judgments on the likelihood of an event? A common solution is simple averaging, which allows independent individual errors to cancel out. However, judgments can be correlated due to an overlap in their information, resulting in a miscalibration in the simple average. Optimal weights for weighted averaging are typically unknown and require past data to estimate reliably. This paper proposes an algorithm to aggregate probabilistic judgments under shared information. Experts are asked to report a prediction and a meta-prediction. The latter is an estimate of the average of other individuals’ predictions. In a Bayesian setup, I show that if average prediction is a consistent estimator, the percentage of predictions and meta-predictions that exceed the average prediction should be the same. An “overshoot surprise” occurs when the two measures differ. The Surprising Overshoot algorithm uses the information revealed in an overshoot surprise to correct for miscalibration in the average prediction. Experimental evidence suggests that the algorithm performs well in moderate to large samples and in aggregation problems where individuals disagree in their predictions.
Bovine leptospirosis: effects on reproduction and an approach to research in Colombia
Authors: Orjuela Agustín Góngora , Parra-Arango Jorge L. , Sarmiento-Rubiano Luz A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis worldwide, causing severe effects on beef and dairy cattle farming and other livestock. Colombia geographical location in the tropical zone, high biodiversity, and climatic conditions promote Leptospira growth and prevalence. This review article presents state-of-the-art knowledge about the effects of leptospirosis on bovine reproduction and a critical analysis of the research carried out in Colombia. The analysis of the information allows us to infer a sustained increase in prevalence over the last decade in the densest livestock production areas and a high serovar diversity of circulating pathogenic Leptospira. Given the zoonotic nature of leptospirosis, an inter-institutional effort is required to implement prevention, control, and monitoring programs under one-health concept.
„Sauber wie ein Hundezahn“
Authors: Szynka Peter 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Gespräch mit Peter Szynka erläutert C.W. Müller, wie er die Entwicklung von Community Organizing in den Vereinigten Staaten erlebt hat und welche Bedeutung er ihr in Deutschland zum Zeitpunkt des Interviews (Oktober 2000) beimisst.
Heterogeneous Catalysis for CO2 Conversion into Chemicals and Fuels
Authors: Gao Dunfeng , Li Wanjun , Wang Hanyu , Wang Guoxiong , Cai Rui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCatalytic conversion of CO2into chemicals and fuels is a viable method to reduce carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality. Through thermal catalysis, electrocatalysis, and photo(electro)catalysis, CO2can be converted into a wide range of valuable products, including CO, formic acid, methanol, methane, ethanol, acetic acid, propanol, light olefins, aromatics, and gasoline, as well as fine chemicals. In this mini-review, we summarize the recent progress in heterogeneous catalysis for CO2conversion into chemicals and fuels and highlight some representative studies of different conversion routes. The structure–performance correlations of typical catalytic materials used for the CO2conversion reactions have been revealed by combining advanced in situ/operando spectroscopy and microscopy characterizations and density functional theory calculations. Catalytic selectivity toward a single CO2reduction product/fraction should be further improved at an industrially relevant CO2conversion rate with considerable stability in the future.Graphical Abstract
How city traits affect taxonomic and functional diversity of urban wild bee communities: insights from a worldwide analysis
Authors: Ferrari Andrea , Polidori Carlo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLand-use change, including urbanization, is known to affect wild bee (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) diversity. However, while previous studies have focused on differences across local urbanization gradients, to the best of our knowledge, none focused on differences among cities at a wide geographical scale. We here used published data for wild bee communities in 55 cities across the globe, in order to explore how city traits (population density, city size, climate and land-use parameters) affect both taxonomic (diversity, distinctness, dominance) and functional (body size, nesting strategy, sociality, plant host specialization) profile of urban bee communities. By controlling for sample size and sampling effort, we found that bigger cities host few parasitic and oligolectic species, along with more above-ground-nesting bees. Cities with highly fragmented green areas present a lower proportion of oligolectic species and a higher proportion of both social species and large-bodied bees. Cities with more impervious surfaces seem to host a lower proportion of below-ground-nesting bees. Hotter cities present both a lower richness and diversity, with functional diversity highest at intermediate precipitation values. Overall, it seems that high levels of urbanization—through habitat modification and the “heat island” effect—lead to a strong simplification of the functional diversity of wild bee communities in cities. Our results may help explain the previously observed variable response of some bee community traits across local urbanization gradients.
Emergence and Development of Health Risk Communication Networks Among Street-Level Health Bureaucrats During the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis in Myanmar
Authors: Myomin Thein , Lim Seunghoo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStreet-level health bureaucrats have actively contributed to implementing the COVID-19 prevention, control, and treatment policies of the Myanmar government. However, the need for bureaucrats on the frontlines of policy implementation to maintain a safe distance from others to prevent the spread of COVID-19 has posed challenges for the sharing and exchange of information related to health risks. In this context, this study examined what health risk communication patterns have emerged and developed among street-level health bureaucrats during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how this risk communication has been affected by street-level health bureaucrats’ perceptions of client meaningfulness and willingness to implement COVID-19 policies. The results reveal that street-level health bureaucrats in the health risk communication network are embedded in reciprocally or transitively connected discussion relationships that sustain their health risk communication over time. Moreover, when specific healthcare staff members perceive more benefits of COVID-19 policies for their patients and are more willing to care for patients, other healthcare staff avoid them to protect themselves from COVID-19 infection. Due to their higher level of understanding of the adopted measures, healthcare staff members who are highly willing to implement COVID-19 policies are frequently approached by other staff members to communicate about COVID-19 issues. This study empirically contributes to the literature on street-level bureaucrats in times of pandemic crisis by examining the formation of health risk communications in the context of street-level health bureaucrats’ responses to and participation in public healthcare policy implementation processes.
Taste perception in children with different caries activity
Authors: Hertel S. , Mühlig L. , Hannig C. , Hummel T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study was to investigate whether caries-active and caries-free children differ in terms of their taste perception for sweet, sour, salty and bitter.

Methods
The study group consisted of 100 children aged 5–10 years: 50 caries-free children and 50 children with at least four untreated carious lesions. Taste perception was analysed using two test systems. First, filter paper strips impregnated with four taste qualities (sweet, sour, salty, and bitter) at four defined intensities were used (“taste strips”). Then a tasting spray in suprathreshold concentration of the respective taste was applied. The children were asked to name the perceived taste. The parents answered a questionnaire about the children’s dietary habits.

Results
The children with high caries activity scored lower on average on the taste strips than the caries-free participants. For the taste sprays, the perception of the taste quality “bitter” was significantly worse in the children with caries than in caries-free children (Mann–Whitney U test p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that taste preferences in children are associated with increased susceptibility to tooth decay.
COVID-19, Macroeconomic and Sustainability Shocks, Moral Hazard and Resolution of Systemic Banking Crises: Designing Appropriate Systems of Public Support
Authors: Arner Douglas W. , Avgouleas Emilios , Gibson Evan C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBanks have so far weathered well the financial turbulence caused by COVID-19 while at the same time being central in the economic and financial response. As the crisis moves from its initial phase as a short-term liquidity shock, the financial sector is facing increasing volumes of non-performing loans, raising the spectre of a banking solvency crisis. In economies already burdened with low-quality assets, the COVID-19 fallout is intensifying existing problems with legacy loans heightening the risk of a banking crisis. These issues are now being worsened by the impact of inflation and the invasion of Ukraine. Thus, addressing increasing volumes of bad loans, while supporting the proper functioning of the financial system, is a major challenge with systemic repercussions for a range of economies. This paper identifies a great paradox: since the bank rescues of the 2008–9 Global Financial Crisis there has been a disproportionate focus on the liability side of bank balance sheets through resolution measures such as bail-in and the accumulation of bail-inable debt. Post-crisis bank resolution regimes have overlooked solutions lying within the asset side of bank balance sheets. This paper analyses historical evidence to argue that concentrating on a liability-focused approach to the exclusion of asset-side solutions is ill-conceived. An excessive accumulation of non-performing loans on the asset side of bank balance sheets inevitably renders resolution interventions on the liability/equity side ineffective or at the very least insufficient to maintain banking system viability and financial stability. Bank asset restructuring involving the use of asset management companies, asset protection schemes and even capital injections can play a critical role in achieving an expeditious restoration of banking systems’ health following a major macroeconomic, sustainability or financial crisis.
Impact of Pea necrotic yellow dwarf virus (PNYDV) on nodulation, N2 fixation and yield in faba bean (Vicia faba, L.)
Authors: Seeger Judith Nora , Ziebell Heiko , Saucke Helmut 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPea necrotic yellow dwarf virus (PNYDV) is a novel nanovirus in Europe, affecting various grain legumes. The impact of PNYDV on nodulation, symbiotic N2 fixation and yield parameters in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) was investigated at controlled conditions in the greenhouse (2017), on-farm in natural infection foci (2018, 2019) and in a small-scale field experiment (2020). In the latter, the standard variety ‘Fuego’ was compared with the variety ‘GL Sunrise’ in early and late infections. In addition, the analogous effects for Pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV) were investigated under greenhouse conditions and the naturally occurring virus spectrum was recorded on-farm and in the field experiment. Results showed a much more severe impact of PNYDV than PEMV on nodulation, leghemoglobin status, N2 fixation and finally yield, especially in early infections. Although ‘GL Sunrise’ was rated for a less symptomatic field performance toward PNYDV than ‘Fuego’, it showed a similar susceptibility in our field experiment where PNYDV was artificially inoculated to individual plants. Further research on the effect of plant varieties on susceptibility toward PNYDV infection and its spread in single or co-infection mainly with PEMV as a function of climate change acting upon their common aphid vector is required.
Analysis of an Acoustic Monopole Source in a Closed Cavity via CUF Finite Elements
Authors: Moruzzi M. C. , Cinefra M. , Bagassi S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe noise generated by aircraft is an important issue, which affects the external environment and the passenger’s comfort. The researches about new acoustic solutions often lead to the exploitation of innovative materials, as visco-elastic panels or acoustic metamaterials, in order to rather obtain better acoustic properties than conventional materials, in particular at low frequency. Although, there is a lack of reliable tools able to describe the complex kinematic behaviour of these new materials at low frequency. A new strong formulation, the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF) based on the Finite Element Method (FEM), enables a wide class of refined shell models, which is able to reproduce the frequency dependent dynamic response of complex multi-layered plates. This formulation, fully developed inside the MUL2 software, is applied to vibro-acoustic analyses too, so the need to integrate new sources and boundary conditions in the software, that are essential to model the acoustic problem. A simple and powerful source is the monopole: a pulsating sphere. This source can be a first try to model the complex sources that affect the noise inside the aircraft, as the engine or the internal sources. Moreover, monopoles are widely used to estimate the transmission loss. Hence, the reason for this work: the creation inside MUL2 of a monopole boundary condition and its validation, comparing the results with those of a well-known FEM based commercial software for vibro-acoustic analyses, Actran.
A Strategy-Based Algorithm for Moving Targets in an Environment with Multiple Agents
Authors: Afzalov Azizkhon , Lotfi Ahmad , Inden Benjamin , Aydin Mehmet Emin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMost studies in the field of search algorithms have only focused on pursuing agents, while comparatively less attention has been paid to target algorithms that employ strategies to evade multiple pursuing agents. In this study, a state-of-the-art target algorithm, TrailMax, has been enhanced and implemented for multiple agent pathfinding problems. The presented algorithm aims to maximise the capture time if possible until timeout. Empirical analysis is performed on grid-based gaming benchmarks, measuring the capture cost, the success of escape and statistically analysing the results. The new algorithm, Multiple Pursuers TrailMax, doubles the escaping time steps until capture when compared with existing target algorithms and increases the target’s escaping success by 13% and in some individual cases by 37%.