bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reporting of Determinants of Health Inequities in Rheumatoid Arthritis Randomized Controlled Trials in Canada: A Scoping Review
Authors: Thomas Megan , Harrison Mark , De Vera Mary A. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveMore than ever, it is important to consider inclusion and diversity in rheumatology research. We reviewed and synthesized randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Canada with the aim of characterizing participants and identifying how determinants of health inequities are reported.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review following the Arksey and O'Malley framework. We searched Medline (1990 to December 2021), Embase (1990 to December 2021), and CENTRAL (inception to December 2021) for articles meeting inclusion criteria of: 1) used an RCT design; 2) evaluated pharmacologic or nonpharmacologic interventions; 3) included participants with RA; and 4) conducted in Canada. Data extraction was guided by the Campbell and Cochrane Equity Methods Group's PROGRESS‐Plus framework on determinants that lead to health inequities (e.g., place of residence; race; occupation; gender/sex; religion; education; socioeconomic status; and social capital).ResultsOf 6,290 unique records, 42 were eligible for inclusion. We grouped studies according to 3 time periods: before 2000; 2000–2010; and 2011 to present. Participants of included studies were mostly middle‐aged, female, and White. Sex and age were the most widely reported determinants in 41 studies. Other determinants reported were race (15 studies), education (11 studies), socioeconomic status (7 studies), and occupation (6 studies). Religion, features of relationships, and time‐dependent relationships were not reported in any study.ConclusionThis scoping review suggests limited reporting on determinants of health inequities in RCTs for RA in Canada. Establishing reporting standards for equity factors in RCTs is important for addressing health inequities and informing accessible research and care for patients with RA.
Toward Tissue‐Like Material Properties: Inducing In Situ Adaptive Behavior in Fibrous Hydrogels
Authors: Chen Wen , Kumari Jyoti , Yuan Hongbo , Yang Fan , Kouwer Paul H. J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe materials properties of biological tissues are unique. Nature is able to spatially and temporally manipulate (mechanical) properties while maintaining responsiveness toward a variety of cues; all without majorly changing the material's composition. Artificial mimics, synthetic or biomaterial‐based are far less advanced and poorly reproduce the natural cell microenvironment. A viable strategy to generate materials with advanced properties combines different materials into nanocomposites. This work describes nanocomposites of a synthetic fibrous hydrogel, based on polyisocyanide (PIC), that is noncovalently linked to a responsive cross‐linker. The introduction of the cross‐linker transforms the PIC gel from a static fibrous extracellular matrix mimic to a highly dynamic material that maintains biocompatibility, as demonstrated by in situ modification of the (non)linear mechanical properties and efficient self‐healing properties. Key in the material design is cross‐linking at the fibrillar level using nanoparticles, which, simultaneously may be used to introduce more advanced properties.
Photoactivatable Silencing Extracellular Vesicle (PASEV) Sensitizes Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Lu Mei , Xing Haonan , Shao Wanxuan , Zhang Tian , Zhang Mengjie , Wang Yongchao , Li Fangzhou , Weng Yuhua , Zheng Aiping , Huang Yuanyu , Liang Xing‐Jie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractImmunotherapy has delivered impressive outcomes in combating tumor malignancies. However, insufficient immune infiltration and poor immunogenicity within the tumor microenvironment (TME) greatly compromise patient response rates. Here, a photoactivatable silencing extracellular vesicle (PASEV) is developed for sensitized cancer immunotherapy. p21‐Activated kinase 4 (PAK4) is a newly identified tumor‐cell‐intrinsic “guard” associated with immune exclusion. Small interfering RNA against PAK4 (siPAK4) is designed and assembled with a photoactivatable reactive‐oxygen‐species (ROS)‐sensitive polymer to form the nanocomplex core, which is further camouflaged by extracellular vesicles from M1 macrophages. The PASEV not only serves as a vehicle for packaging, tumor accumulation, and ROS‐responsive release of siPAK4 for potent PAK4 silencing, but also primes the TME through immunogenic phototherapy, thereby simultaneously boosting intratumoral infiltration and immune activation. The combined immunotherapy elicits robust anticancer immunity, thus showing great promise for fighting cancers. This work opens a new avenue to simultaneously boost intratumoral infiltration and immune activation for sensitized cancer immunotherapy.
Polymerization‐Induced Emission of Color‐Tunable Room Temperature Phosphorescence
Authors: Zheng Xian , Zhang Yongfeng , Gao Liang , Wang Zhonghao , Wang Chang , Zheng Yan , Chen Xiaohong , Yang Yan , Peng Jiaxin , Qu LunJun , Yang Chaolong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPure organic room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have been widely utilized in security signs, anti‐counterfeiting, data encrypting, and other fields, which have attracted great attention. In the past few years, smart materials with color‐tunable organic RTP materials are reported by many researchers, while the work focused on the color‐tunable polymeric RTP materials is still rare, especially for molecular weight‐dependent polymeric RTP systems. Here, we designed and prepared three molecular weight polymers P1, P2, and P3 by different polymerization reaction times, and found that the fluorescence emissions of these polymer powders are various. Unexpectedly, the molecular weight‐dependent polymeric RTP materials are achieved through doping these polymers into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) matrix, and the International de l'Eclairage was redshift from (0.205,0.257) to (0.503,0.435). This phenomenon is ascribed to the different aggregation states formed by assembly of different molecular weight polymeric chains. Meanwhile, the electrostatic interaction between phosphor and PAN is hardly affected by water. Therefore, advanced information encryption can be achieved by using these polymeric phosphors as anti‐counterfeiting ink.
Lead‐Free Halide Double Perovskites: Fundamentals, Challenges, and Photovoltaics Applications
Authors: Tailor Naveen Kumar , Listorti Andrea , Colella Silvia , Satapathi Soumitra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetal halide perovskites (MHPs) have gained tremendous interest in photovoltaics applications reaching the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.8%. Despite the rapid development of MHP‐based solar cells, the existence of toxic lead (Pb) and their operational instability are seen as key roadblocks for commercialization. A viable strategy for developing lead‐free optoelectronic devices nests in addressing the toxicity issues in these compounds by carefully and strategically replacing lead while maintaining comparable stability and PCE. In this regard, halide double perovskite with structural flexibility, as well as lower toxicity and higher stability have caught the attention of the scientific community, surging the research of lead‐free halide double perovskites with A2B(I)B(III)X6 composition. A critical analysis of such compounds is presented from a fundamental point of view considering their orbital characteristics, bonding interaction, and optical transitions and relate these properties with their solar cell performance. This review focuses on the efficiency limiting factors and critically discusses recent advancements and strategies which have been demonstrated to boost their photovoltaic performances. Finally, starting from existing double perovskite materials, prospective research directions are identified toward enhanced optoelectronic properties and device performances.
Kerker Condition for Enhancing Emission Rate and Directivity of Single Emitter Coupled to Dielectric Metasurfaces
Authors: Khokhar Megha , Inam Faraz A. , Nair Rajesh V. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetasurfaces have the ability to control classical and non‐classical states of light to achieve controlled emission even at the level of a single emitter. Here, the Kerker condition induced emission rate enhancement with strong directivity is unveiled from a single emitter integrated within a dielectric metasurface consisting of silicon nano‐disks. The simulation and analytical calculations attest the Kerker condition with unidirectional light scattering evolved by the constructive interference between electric dipole, toroidal dipole, and the magnetic quadrupole. The results evince spatially‐dependent enhanced local density of optical states, which reciprocates localized field intensity. The emission rate enhancement of 400 times is achieved close to the zero phonon line of the nitrogen‐vacancy center with superior emission directivity and collection efficiency. The results have implications in on‐demand single photon generation, spin‐photon interface, many‐body interactions, and strong coupling.
Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cascade Inter‐Molecular Double Cyclization of 2‐Iodobenzamide Derivatives and Propargyl Dicarbonyl Compounds for Accessing 3‐Hydroxy‐3‐Furylisoindolinone Derivatives
Authors: Kavala Veerababurao , Lin Li‐Chun , Bhimrao Patil Prakash , Fang Chia‐Chi , Hong Zih‐Yu , Liou Yi‐Ru , Chen Yu‐Nong , Weng Yin‐Zhi , Sarathkumar Sundaramoorthi , Sambasiva Rao Naidu , Suresh Sundaram , Jiang Zongyan , Yao Ching‐Fa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA one‐pot strategy for the synthesis of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐furylisoindolinone derivatives is reported. The reaction proceeds via a copper‐catalyzed oxidative cascade inter‐molecular double cyclization of 2‐iodobenzamide derivatives and propargyl dicarbonyl compounds in the presence of oxygen. The strategy involves several reactions including cyclization/coupling/double C(sp3)−H functionalization in a cascade manner. A wide range of 2‐iodobenzamide substrates containing different substituents as well as various propargyldicarbonyl compounds and propargylsulfonyl aryl ketones can be used to access a variety of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐furylisoindolinone derivatives.magnified image
Fluoroiodomethane: A CH2F‐Moiety‐Delivering Agent Suitable for Nucleophilic‐, Electrophilic‐, and Radical‐Harnessed Operations
Authors: Senatore Raffaele , Malik Monika , Pace Vittorio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe recent renewed interest in mono‐fluoromethylation chemistry – somehow less developed than the analogous well‐established trifluoro‐ and difluoro‐methylation tactics – identified the simple C1 building block fluoroiodomethane as an effective and versatile CH2F‐delivering agent. The convenient physical state – liquid with a boiling point of 53 °C – and the nowadays commercial availability, boosted in the last years the flourishing of protocols where it is used for generating the fluoromethyl group under conceptually distinct logics: electrophilic, nucleophilic, and radical. Depending on the reaction conditions adopted, the reagent serves as a pluripotent precursor of variously functionalized CHF fragments, thus considerably simplifying the installation of the motif into organic skeletons. A critical analysis of the applications found by the reagent in the literature (mainly) published in the last 5 years is provided with vistas to its employment in the preparation of drug molecules (and precursors thereof).magnified image
Challenges and Strategies towards Single‐Crystalline Ni‐Rich Layered Cathodes
Authors: Ni Lianshan , Zhang Shu , Di Andi , Deng Wentao , Zou Guoqiang , Hou Hongshuai , Ji Xiaobo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe ever‐increasing energy density requirements in electric vehicles (EVs) have boosted the development of Ni‐rich layered oxide cathodes for state‐of‐the‐art lithium‐ion batteries. Nevertheless, the commercialization of polycrystalline Ni‐rich cathodes (PCNCs) is hindered by the severe performance degradation and safety concerns that are tightly related to its particle cracking during cycling. Single‐crystalline Ni‐rich cathodes (SCNCs) with eliminated grain boundaries and high mechanical strength have recently attracted extensive attention owing to their superior structural and cycling stability, which present high crack resistance during electrochemical operation. Various articles have focused on the trial‐and‐error synthesis and modifications of SCNCs, as well as the comparison of performances and mechanisms with PCNCs. However, there has been much less effort in systematic analysis and summary to reveal their key challenges, controversies, and the corresponding primary causes. In this review, the advantages and debates in structural and electrochemical properties of SCNCs over PCNCs are summarized to provide fundamental understanding of SCNCs. Then the current practical issues and challenges are comprehensively discussed from the viewpoints of both academia and industry, as well as the proposed modification strategies and underlying mechanisms for SCNCs. The outlook and perspectives are further given to facilitate the commercial applications of SCNCs in high‐performance EVs.
DFT‐basierte Entdeckung von Ethynyl‐Triazolyl‐Phosphinaten als modulare Elektrophile für die chemoselektive Cystein‐Biokonjugation und Profilierung
Authors: Stieger Christian E. , Park Yerin , de Geus Mark A. R. , Kim Dongju , Huhn Christiane , Slenczka J. Sophia , Ochtrop Philipp , Müchler Judith M. , Süssmuth Roderich D. , Broichhagen Johannes , Baik Mu‐Hyun , Hackenberger Christian P. R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWir berichten über eine Dichtefunktionaltheorie (DFT)‐basierte Entdeckung von Ethinyl‐Triazolyl‐Phosphinaten (ETP) als eine neue Klasse elektrophiler Verbindungen für die selektive Biokonjugation von Cystein. Mit Hilfe der CuI‐katalysierten Azid‐Alkin‐Cycloaddition (CuAAC) in wässrigem Puffer konnten wir eine Vielzahl funktioneller elektrophiler Bausteine, darunter auch Proteine, aus Diethynylphosphinat herstellen. Wir verwendeten diese ETP‐Reagenzien, um fluoreszierende Peptid‐Konjugate für die Markierung von Rezeptoren auf lebenden Zellen sowie ein stabiles und biologisch aktives Antikörper‐Wirkstoff‐Konjugat zu erhalten. Darüber hinaus konnten wir ETP‐Elektrophile unter nativen Bedingungen in ein Azid‐haltiges Ubiquitin einbauen und ihr Potenzial für die Protein‐Protein‐Konjugation demonstrieren. Schließlich zeigen wir die exzellente Cystein‐Selektivität dieser neuen Klasse von Elektrophilen in Massenspektrometrie basierten, proteomweiten Reaktivitätsstudien und unterstreichen damit die generelle Anwendbarkeit in homogenen Biokonjugationsstrategien zur Verknüpfung zweier komplexer Biomoleküle.
Suppression of Chain Transfer at High Temperature in Catalytic Olefin Polymerization
Authors: Hu Xiaoqiang , Kang Xiaohui , Jian Zhongbao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLiving polymerization by suppressing chain transfer is a very useful method for achieving precise molecular weight and structure control. However, the suppression of chain transfer at high temperatures is extremely challenging in any catalytic polymerization. This has been a severe limitation for catalytic olefin polymerization, which is one of the most important chemical reactions. Here, we report the unprecedented living polymerization of ethylene at 130 °C, with a narrow molecular weight distribution range of 1.04 to 1.08. This is a significant increase in the reaction temperature. Tailor‐made α‐diimine nickel catalysts that exhibit both the steric shielding and fluorine effects play an essential role in this breakthrough. These nickel catalysts are even active at 200 °C, and enable the formation of semi‐crystalline, ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene at 150 °C. Mechanistic insights into the key chain transfer reaction are elucidated by density functional theory calculations.
A Ce‐UiO‐66 Metal–Organic Framework‐Based Graphene‐Embedded Photocatalyst with Controllable Activation for Solar Ammonia Fertilizer Production
Authors: Liu Sixiao , Teng Zhenyuan , Liu Hang , Wang Tianyi , Wang Guoxiu , Xu Qiang , Zhang Xiuyun , Jiang Min , Wang Chengyin , Huang Wei , Pang Huan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCurrently, nitrogen fertilizers feed half of the global population, but their use is limited by energy consumption and transportation. Therefore, it is important to study photocatalysts for use in solar nitrogen fertilizers. Herein, a new type of graphene‐embedded Ce‐based UiO‐66 (Ce‐UiO‐66) photocatalyst (GSCe) is investigated. Ce‐UiO‐66 is activated by the breakage of benzene‐C bonds and the formation of active sites by ultraviolet light in water. Moreover, embedding graphene effectively controls activation and improves nitrogen fixation. GSCe exhibited a remarkable apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 9.25 % and stability under 365 nm light with solar‐level intensity. GSCe also performed well as a solar ammonia fertilizer for crop cultivation. This investigation opens up opportunities for nitrogen fixation photocatalysts to be used as environmentally friendly solar nitrogen fertilizers.
Protein‐enriched extracts from housefly (Musca domestica) maggots alleviates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice by promoting bile acid production and consequent cholesterol consumption
Authors: Xian Cuiling , Lai Disheng , Liu Jiaming , Li Shixin , Cao Junlin , Chen Kengyu , Liang Dajun , Fu Nanlin , Wang Yan , Xiao Mingzhu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCurrently, atherosclerosis control is important to prevent future heart attacks or strokes. Protein‐enriched extract (PE) from housefly maggots (Musca domestica) can inhibit the development of atherosclerosis partially through its antioxidant effects. Whether PE exerts other anti‐atherosclerosis functions remains unclear. Here, PE was found to simultaneously promote cholesterol metabolism effects in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice. Bile acid synthesis plays a key role in regulating cholesterol homeostasis in atherosclerosis. Whether PE alleviates atherosclerosis by promoting bile acid production and consequent cholesterol consumption was further explored. First, 8‐week‐old male ApoE−/− mice were recruited and fed on a cholesterol‐enriched diet. After 8 weeks, these mice were divided into three groups and received gavage administration of PE, simvastatin, and saline for another 8 weeks. Atherosclerosis severity was then assessed. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were employed to determine the expression of hepatic ATP‐binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), liver X receptor α (LXRα), and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ (PPAR‐γ). Serum levels of high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (HDL), low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (LDL), and total cholesterol (TC) were determined by enzyme‐linked immunoassay. Results revealed that PE reversed the formation of atherosclerotic lesion; increased the expression of PPAR‐γ, LXRα, and ABCA1; increased the amount of bile flow and total bile acid; reduced the serum level of LDL and TC; and increased the level of HDL. In conclusion, enhancement on bile acid production and consequent cholesterol consumption may partially contribute to the anti‐atherosclerotic effects of PE. The reversal of PPARγ‐LXRα‐ABCA1 signaling pathway may be involved in this process.
Optimized tuning rules for proportional‐integral controllers with selected robustness
Authors: Veronesi Massimiliano , Visioli Antonio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present tuning rules for PI controllers that represent an effective alternative to the well‐known lambda‐tuning for the load disturbance rejection task. In particular, the integrated absolute error is minimized subject to a constraint on the maximum sensitivity selected. Suitable formulas are given to relate the proposed tuning with the lambda‐tuning, and the improvement obtained is quantified for different process dynamics. Both self‐regulating and non self‐regulating processes are considered. Simulation results are given to illustrate the methodology.
Lymphatic channel sheet of polydimethylsiloxane for preventing secondary lymphedema in the rat upper limb model
Authors: Cheon Hwayeong , Gelvosa Ma. Nessa , Kim Sang Ah , Song Ho‐Young , Jeon Jae Yong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSecondary lymphedema is a severe complication of cancer treatment, but there is no effective curative method yet. Lymph node dissection and radiation therapy for cancer treatment may lead to secondary lymphedema, which is a chronic disease induced by malfunction of lymphatic flow. The lymphatic channel sheet (LCS) is an artificial micro‐fluidic structure that was fabricated with polydimethylsiloxane to maintain lymphatic flow and induce lymphangiogenesis. The structure has two‐dimensional multichannels that increase the probability of lymphangiogenesis and allow for relatively easy application. We verified the efficacy of the lymphatic channel sheet through macroscopic and microscopic observation in small animal models, which underwent brachial lymph node dissection and irradiation. The lymphatic channel sheet enabled the successful transport of lymphatic fluid from the distal to the proximal area in place of the removed brachial lymph nodes. It prevented swelling and abnormal lymphatic drainage during the follow‐up period. Lymphangiogenesis was also identified inside the channel by histological analysis after 8 weeks. According to these experimental results, we attest to the roles of the lymphatic channel sheet as a lymphatic pathway and scaffold in the rat upper limb model of secondary lymphedema. The lymphatic channel sheet maintained lymphatic flow after lymph node dissection and irradiation in an environment where lymph flow is cut off. It also relieved symptoms of secondary lymphedema by providing a lymph‐friendly space and inducing lymphangiogenesis.
G‐Quadruplex Recognition by DARPIns through Epitope/Paratope Analogy**
Authors: Miclot Tom , Bignon Emmanuelle , Terenzi Alessio , Grandemange Stéphanie , Barone Giampaolo , Monari Antonio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe investigated the mechanisms leading to the specific recognition of Guanine Guadruplex (G4) by DARPins peptides, which can lead to the design of G4 s specific sensors. To this end we carried out all‐atom molecular dynamic simulations to unravel the interactions between specific nucleic acids, including human‐telomeric (h‐telo), Bcl‐2, and c‐Myc, with different peptides, forming a DARPin/G4 complex. By comparing the sequences of DARPin with that of a peptide known for its high affinity for c‐Myc, we show that the recognition cannot be ascribed to sequence similarity but, instead, depends on the complementarity between the three‐dimensional arrangement of the molecular fragments involved: the α‐helix/loops domain of DARPin and the G4 backbone. Our results reveal that DARPins tertiary structure presents a charged hollow region in which G4 can be hosted, thus the more complementary the structural shapes, the more stable the interaction.