bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An emission pathway classification reflecting the Paris Agreement climate objectives
Authors: Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Ganti Gaurav , Rogelj Joeri , Gidden Matthew J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe 2015 Paris Agreement sets the objectives of global climate ambition as expressed in its long-term temperature goal and mitigation goal. The scientific community has explored the characteristics of greenhouse gas emission reduction pathways in line with the Paris Agreement. However, when categorizing such pathways, the focus has been put on the temperature outcome and not on emission reduction objectives. Here we propose a pathway classification that aims to comprehensively reflect the climate criteria set out in the Paris Agreement. We show how such an approach allows for a fully consistent interpretation of the Agreement. For Paris Agreement compatible pathways, we report net zero CO2 and greenhouse gas emissions around 2050 and 2065, respectively. We illustrate how pathway design criteria not rooted in the Paris Agreement, such as the 2100 temperature level, result in scenario outcomes wherein about 6 - 24% higher deployment (interquartile range) of carbon dioxide removal is observed.
Co-substitution in a Prussian blue analog with a hollow heterostructure for ultrahigh capacity and rate capability aqueous Zn2+ batteries
Authors: Su Zhihao , Huang Jionghao , Wang Runhao , Zhang Yufei , Liu Zili , Fan Haosen 
Published: June 2022

Nickel and manganese co-substitution in a hollow Prussian blue nanocubes has been successfully carried out via utilizing a high-concentration polymer template, with an ultrahigh capacity of 138.4 mA h g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 in an aqueous zinc-ion battery.
Construction of high-performance g-C3N4-based photo-Fenton catalysts by ferrate-induced defect engineering
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Cui Lifeng , Wang Yangang , Ding Chenjie , Sun Beili , Cao Ziqi , Gao Weikang , Kang Shifei 
Published: June 2022

A highly-efficient Fe–g-C3N4 photo-Fenton catalyst was prepared using ferrate as a critical iron source and defect control additive. The complementary synergistic effects of Fe species and defect sites promote photoelectron transfer.
Radar style transfer for metric robot localisation on lidar maps
Authors: Yin Huan , Wang Yue , Wu Jun , Xiong Rong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLidar and visual data are affected heavily in adverse weather conditions due to sensing mechanisms, which bring potential safety hazards for vehicle navigation. Radar sensing is desirable to build a more robust navigation system. In this paper, a cross‐modality radar localisation on prior lidar maps is presented. Specifically, the proposed workflow consists of two parts: first, bird's‐eye‐view radar images are transferred to fake lidar images by training a generative adversarial network offline. Then with online radar scans, a Monte Carlo localisation framework is built to track the robot pose on lidar maps. The whole online localisation system only needs a rotating radar sensor and a pre‐built global lidar map. In the experimental section, the authors conduct an ablation study on image settings and test the proposed system on Oxford Radar Robot Car Dataset. The promising results show that the proposed localisation system could track the robot pose successfully, thus demonstrating the feasibility of radar style transfer for metric robot localisation on lidar maps.
A resilient bi‐level control strategy for power sharing and voltage balancing in bipolar DC microgrids
Authors: Babazadeh‐Dizaji Ramin , Hamzeh Mohsen , Dehkordi Nima Mahdian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the three‐level DC‐DC converter‐based bipolar DC microgrids, accurate power sharing among distributed generators and voltage balancing between the positive and negative poles are two main control objectives. This article presents a resilient bi‐level control strategy which simultaneously satisfies both aforementioned objectives. The proposed control structure is a combination of a distributed consensus‐based cooperative method and a washout filter‐based method. In the first level, a distributed consensus‐based cooperative control method with considering time delays and communication noises is developed to realize proportional power sharing. At this level, DGs operate collaboratively using only neighbour‐to‐neighbour feedback over a sparse communication network, even if the communication network is susceptible to additive noise and time delay. In the second level, a decentralized control method is employed to restore the voltage of each pole of a bipolar DC microgrid to the desired value. The second level, which works without any communication links and additional control loops, utilizes a dynamic feedback incorporating washout filters. The whole proposed control strategy is robust against a single point of link‐failure and resilient against the communication time delays and noises as well. Comprehensive simulation studies are carried out in PLECS software to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
A multi‐step method for passive broadband source localisation using a single vector sensor
Authors: Li He , Wang Tong , Su Lin , Wang Wenbo , Guo Xinyi , Wang Che , Ma Li 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the deep ocean, a vector sensor is deployed near the seabed to receive direct waves from the reliable acoustic path (RAP). In the space domain, the vector sensor can estimate the vertical arrival azimuth of the signal, which is sensitive to distance. In the frequency domain, the periodic interference pattern formed by the direct and surface‐reflected wave is decided by both the source depth and the vertical arrival azimuth. In this work, a multi‐step method for passive broadband source localisation using a single‐vector sensor (SVS) is proposed. At first, the depth is estimated by the interference pattern in the frequency domain. Then the ranging problem is solved based on the depth estimated result. The impact of the surface‐generated noise is considered. Compared with the scalar vertical line array (VLA) in simulation, the localisation performance of SVS has higher requirements for the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) but is much smaller in size. In the experiment, Gaussian white noise from 310 to 430 Hz was emitted to simulate the underwater target. Compared with traditional match‐field processing (MFP), the multi‐step method is much more stable, accurate, and efficient. The computing time is drastically shortened.
The X-ray Emission ofγCassiopeiae During the 2020–2021 disc eruption
Authors: Rauw G. , Nazé Y. , Motch C. , Smith M. A. , Fló J. Guarro , Lopes de Oliveira R. 
Published: June 2022

Context. γCas is known for its unusually hard and intense X-ray emission. This emission could trace accretion by a compact companion, wind interaction with a hot sub-dwarf companion, or magnetic interaction between the star and its Be decretion disc.Aims.These various scenarios should lead to diverse dependences of the hard X-ray emission on disc density. To test these scenarios, we collected X-ray observations ofγCas during an episode of enhanced disc activity that took place around January 2021.Methods.We investigate the variations in the disc properties using time series of dedicated optical spectroscopy and existing broadband photometry. Equivalent widths and peak velocity separations are measured for a number of prominent emission lines. Epoch-dependent Doppler maps of the Hα, Hβ, and He Iλ5876 emission lines are built to characterise the emission regions in velocity space. We analyse fourXMM-Newtonobservations obtained between January 2021 and January 2022 at key phases of the episode of enhanced disc activity. ArchivalXMM-Newton, Chandra, MAXI, and RXTE-ASM data are also used to study the long-term correlation between optical and X-ray emission.Results.Optical spectroscopy unveils a clear increase in the radial extent of the emission regions during the episode of enhanced disc activity, whilst no increase in theV-band flux is recorded. Our Doppler maps do not reveal any stable feature in the disc resulting from the putative action of the companion on the outer parts of the Be disc. Whilst the hard X-ray emission is found to display the usual level and type of variability, no specific increase in the hard emission is observed in relation to the enhanced disc activity. However, at two occasions, including at the maximum disc activity, the soft X-ray emission ofγCas is strongly attenuated, suggesting more efficient obscuration by material from a large flaring Be disc. In addition, there is a strong correlation between the long-term variations in the X-ray flux and the optical variations in theV-band photometry.Conclusions.The observed behaviour ofγCas suggests no direct link between the properties of the outer regions of the Be disc and the hard X-ray emission, but it favours a link between the level of X-ray emission and the properties of the inner part of the Be disc. These results thus disfavour an accretion or colliding wind scenario.
Incidentally Found Midtrimester Shortened Cervical Length: Practice Patterns among American Maternal–Fetal Medicine Specialists
Authors: Hussain Farrah N. , Al-Ibraheemi Zainab , Kaplowitz Elianna , Parikh Bijal , Feldman Kristina Martimucci , Lam Melissa Chu , Brustman Lois , Lewis Dawnette 
Published: June 2022

Objective The management of incidentally found short cervical length (CL) without prior spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) can vary. While most agree on starting vaginal progesterone, management after CL shortens <10 mm varies. The purpose of this study was to elucidate current practice patterns amongst maternal–fetal medicine (MFM) specialists.
Study Design We conducted an online survey of MFM attending physicians and fellows in the United States from May 2019 to April 2020. The primary outcome was management of varying CL based on gestational age. Variations in management were assessed descriptively.
Results There were 236 respondents out of 400 eligible surveyed, with a response rate of 59.2%. Universal CL screening was reported by 93.6% (49.6% abdominal and 44.1% transvaginal). Management of short CL varied based on CL measurement, rather than gestational age at presentation. At CL <10 mm, management included cerclage (17.4–18.7%), vaginal progesterone (41.3–41.7%), or cerclage plus vaginal progesterone (43.4%). Between CL of 10 to 20 mm, the majority (77.4–91.9%) would start vaginal progesterone. At CL 21 to 25 mm, management varied between expectant management (45.5–48.5%) or vaginal progesterone (51.1–52.8%). Suture material used was ethylene terephthalate (47.4%) or polypropelene (31.2). Preoperative antibiotic use was reported by 22.3%, while 45.5% used them only if the amniotic membranes were exposed, and 32.2% reported no antibiotic use. Postoperative tocolytic use varied with 19.3% reporting no use, 32.6% using it always, 8.2% only after significant cervical manipulation, 22.7% after the patient is experiencing symptoms, and 17.6% using it only if the cervix is dilated on exam. After cerclage placement, 44.5% continued CL surveillance.
Conclusion Substantial differences of opinion exist among MFM physicians regarding management of incidentally found short CL in patients without history of PTB. The differences in responses obtained highlight the need for evidence-based guidelines for managing this clinical scenario.
Key Points
Early Hemodynamic Effects of Mydriatic Eye Drops in Preterm Infants
Authors: Dincer Emre , Gonen Ilker , Bornaun Helen A. , Yasa Beril , Babayigit Aslan , Kurum Ozge , Bayramoğlu Sadık E. , Cetinkaya Merih 
Published: June 2022

Objective Mydriatic eye drops used for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) examination can cause systemic effects, and there are case reports of serious adverse effects in the literature. In this prospective study, we aimed to evaluate the early hemodynamic effects of mydriatic eye drops to understand the possible mechanisms of adverse effects.
Study Design Between December 2018 and March 2019, preterm babies less than 32 gestational weeks and who underwent ophthalmologic examination in our unit were included. The vital signs (heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation [SpO2], and blood pressure values), cerebral and mesenteric tissue saturation by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and left ventricular functions of infants were recorded before and after applying mydriatic eye drops (2.5% phenylephrine and 0.5% tropicamide). The data were compared statistically. Strict adherence to prevent systemic absorption of the eye drops was applied.
Results Thirty-two mydriasis procedures were evaluated in 26 patients. The mean gestational age was 28.5 ± 1.7 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 943 ± 233 g. There were no significant differences in terms of vital signs of infants including heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation [SpO2] levels before and after eye-drop application. In addition, NIRS values showed no significant differences between before and after measurements. No significant differences were detected at echocardiographic evaluation performed before and after mydriatic administration. No adverse reaction was observed in the study population during the study.
Conclusion This is the first study that evaluated the early hemodynamic effects of mydriatic eye drops used for ROP screening by vital signs, NIRS, and echocardiographic evaluation. Mydriatic eye drops have no significant effect on early hemodynamic parameters including vital signs, NIRS, and echocardiographic findings in preterm infants. We suggest that a cautious approach for avoiding the systemic absorption of these agents may prevent the possible early systemic effects in this high-risk population.
Key Points
Honokiol Inhibits the Inflammatory Response and Lipid Metabolism Disorder by Inhibiting p38α in Alcoholic Liver Disease
Authors: Yang Chenchen , Zhao Yinglian , Luo Zhipan , Hu Ying , Wang Shuxian , Hu Shuang , Yao Yan , Pan Linxin , Shen Chuanpu , Xu Tao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlcoholic liver disease is one of the leading causes of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide, but effective treatments are still lacking. Honokiol, a lignin-type natural compound
isolated from the leaves and bark of Magnolia plants, has been widely studied for its beneficial effects on several chronic diseases. Accumulating studies have revealed that honokiol
displays a potential therapeutic effect on alcoholic liver disease. In this study, the protective activity of honokiol on alcoholic liver disease was confirmed due to its significant
inhibitory activity on the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β) in EtOH-fed mice and in EtOH-induced
AML-12 cells. Meanwhile, the expression of the lipid metabolic parameter sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c was also reduced. However, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
α was increased in animal and cell experiments, which indicates that the activity of honokiol was related to its regulated activity on lipid metabolism. The result showed that
honokiol significantly inhibited the expression level of p38α in vivo and in vitro. Blocking p38α inhibited the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha,
interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c but promoted the expression level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α compared with
the honokiol-treated group. Moreover, the forced expression level of p38α further produced the opposite effect on inflammatory cytokines and lipid metabolism indicators. Furthermore,
p38α has been related to the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway. In our study, honokiol significantly inhibited the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B
signaling pathway mediated by p38α. In conclusion, the results suggest that honokiol might be an effective regulator of p38α by downregulating the nuclear factor kappa B
signaling pathway, thereby reducing the inflammatory response and lipid metabolism disorder in alcoholic liver disease.
Ex Vivo Thrombolysis to Salvage Free Flaps Using Machine Perfusion: A Pilot Study in a Porcine Model
Authors: Brouwers Kaj , Kruit Anne Sophie , Koers Erik J. , Zegers Her J. H. , Hummelink Stefan , Ulrich Dietmar J. O. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Mechanical evacuation of capillary thrombi in free flaps is difficult, and often requires thrombolytic therapy. Utilizing machine perfusion systems, the possibility rises to salvage free flaps ex vivo by administering high doses of thrombolytic agents. The primary aim of this pilot study in a porcine model is to investigate the feasibility of ex vivo thrombolysis using an extracorporeal perfusion machine.
Methods A model of stasis-induced thrombosis was used in 12 free rectus abdominis flaps harvested from six Dutch Landrace pigs. Compromised flaps were ex vivo perfused with University of Wisconsin preservation solution and treated according to the following study groups: (1) 1 mg of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) as additive, (2) 3 mg of t-PA as an additive, and (3) no thrombolytic additive. Microcirculation was assessed using near-infrared fluorescence angiography.
Results Pedicled abdominal flaps were created and thrombus formation was successfully induced. Eleven abdominal flaps were perfused using the modified heart-lung machine setup. Near-infrared fluorescence angiography showed delayed or no filling was noted in the control group. In comparison, the flaps which were perfused with 1 mg t-PA or 3 mg t-PA as additive showed increased fluorescence intensity curves.
Conclusion This pilot study in a porcine model presents a reliable and reproductive stasis-induced thrombosis model in free flaps. By adding t-PA to a custom-made extracorporeal perfusion system, the indocyanine green fluorescence intensity curves increased of all flaps that were perfused with different dosages of t-PA as additives, indicating restoration of capillary pressure and microcirculatory inflow.
Optimal Timing of Delayed Microvascular Breast Reconstruction after Radiation Therapy
Authors: Arnautovic Aska , Karinja Sarah , Olafsson Soley , Carty Matthew J. , Erdmann-Sager Jessica , Caterson Stephanie A. , Broyles Justin M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal timing of delayed microvascular breast reconstruction after completion of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT). The authors evaluated whether the timing of reconstruction after PMRT completion affects the development of major postoperative complications. We hypothesize that delayed microvascular breast reconstruction can be safely performed within 12 months of PMRT completion.
Methods A retrospective chart review of microvascular, autologous breast reconstructions at Brigham and Women's Hospital from 2007 to 2019 was performed. Logistic regression analysis and marginal estimation methods were used to estimate the probability of any major complication (flap compromise requiring operative intervention, hematoma formation requiring evacuation, infection requiring readmission, and flap necrosis requiring operative debridement) occurring in 2-month intervals after PMRT. Patients were classified as having undergone reconstruction 0 to 12 months after PMRT (group 1), 12 to 18 months after PMRT (group 2), or 18 to 50 months after PMRT (group 3).
Results A total of 303 patients were identified. All patients received postmastectomy radiation (n = 143 group 1, n = 57 group 2, n = 103 group 3). Mean follow-up time was 71.4 ± 38 months. Patients in group 1 were significantly younger and more likely to have undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.05). Major complications occurred in 10% of patients. There was no significant difference in the development of major complications between the three groups (p = 0.57). Although not statistically significant, the probability of any major complication peaked 2 to 6 months after PMRT completion.
Conclusion There was no significant difference in major complications among patients who underwent delayed, microvascular breast reconstruction within versus beyond 1 year of PMRT completion. These findings suggest that delayed microvascular breast reconstruction can be safely performed beginning 6 months after PMRT completion.
Study of a piezoelectric energy harvester in the form of vortex oscillation for fixed disturbance fluid type
Authors: He Lipeng , Zhou Jianwen , Han Yuhang , Liu Renwen , Tian Xiaochao , Liu Lei 
Published: June 2022

The main purpose of this paper is to study a piezoelectric energy harvester in the form of vortex oscillation for fixed disturbance fluid type. The harvester consists of a fixed cylinder, an oscillating cylinder, flexible beams, and polyvinylidene fluorides (PVDFs). The flexible beam connects the fixed cylinder to the oscillating cylinder, and the PVDF is fixed to the flexible beam by means of adhesive, thus completing the assembly of the entire energy harvester. In this paper, the diameters of the fixed cylinder and oscillating cylinder and the length of the flexible beam are studied. In different parameter states, the harvester has different output performance; so the purpose of this study is to find a set of optimum parameters that will lead to the best harvester output. When the diameters of the fixed cylinder and oscillating cylinder are 50 and 20 mm, respectively, and the length of the flexible beam is 60 mm, the whole prototype has the best electrical output performance with 5.98 µW power at 18 m/s. The whole prototype is sensitive to excitation at any wind speed and is able to convert and collect even weak streaming excitation energy from the environment. This structure offers greater reliability and durability than the disturbed fluid oscillation type piezoelectric harvester.
Source–Goal asymmetry in Standard Chinese
Authors: Song Jin-Ke 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Source and Goal, which represent two phases of Path of motion (the starting and the ending points respectively), have been largely studied as a case of linguistic asymmetry. Previous studies have demonstrated that speakers tend to express Goals more overtly than Sources when describing a motion event. This chapter aims to investigate the Source-Goal asymmetry in Standard Chinese by exploring the expression of spontaneous and caused motion events in data collected with the help of visual stimuli tools. My findings reveal a Source-Goal asymmetry in motion encoding in both types of events. Furthermore, different aspects of asymmetry that have manifested in Standard Chinese confirm the previous asymmetrical complexity found within individual languages and across languages.
The description of transitive directed motion in Lakhota (Siouan)
Authors: Osswald Rainer , Van Valin Jr. Robert D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Siouan languages such as Lakhota provide an interesting case for the study of transitive directed motion descriptions because of their rich inventory of deictic motion verbs and instrumental (causative) affixes. The goal of this article is to show in detail how the different meaning components involved in such descriptions are distributed over the lexicon, the morphology, and the syntax of Lakhota. In particular, Lakhota supports a multi-verb construction for expressing transitive directed motion that consists of a transitivized deictic motion verb used as the main verb, which encodes caused motion or accompanied motion, and a dependent verb that describes the way in which the actor sets or keeps the undergoer in motion and the manner in which the undergoer moves.