bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Simulation of Low Power Single Event Upset-resilient SRAM cell
Authors: pannu Neha , Prakash Neelam Rup 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Radiation induced soft errors impact memory circuits and their response gets transposed or disturbed which makes it crucial to protect the memory unit. Radiation-immune memory devices have extensive applications in space, biomedical, smart devices, and wearable devices. A radiation hardened by design circuit using Dual Interlocked Storage Cell (DICE) is implemented with varied transistor sizing to propose the design that has optimum performance and power dissipation. The design is tested for Single Event Upsets using the double exponential current model for current source of maximum amplitude 1 A. The proposed design is validated in Cadence 180nm CMOS technology node at ±10% of VDD = 1.8 V. The sensitivity of the circuit to process, voltage and temperature variations are shown with the help of Monte Carlo simulations. Various iterations performed during simulations make the proposed circuit suitable for use in critical applications.
The intergenerational impact of maternal cancer on school-aged children and adolescents: a scoping review protocol for mapping the existing literature.
Authors: Paterson Amy , Mazingi Dennis , Maswime Salome , Handa Ashok , Peter Noel , Roberts Nia , Bandyopadhyay Soham , Lakhoo Kokila 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Maternal cancer significantly impacts dependent children and adolescents. While this impact has been described and measured in multiple studies, limited consideration has been given to exploring which population groups are absent from existing studies. The objective of this scoping review is to chart the existing literature on the intergenerational impact of a mother’s cancer on school-aged children and adolescents. This will include geographically mapping where relevant studies have been done in the last two decades and which population groups have been included. The types of studies conducted, and measurement tools used will also be charted.
Methods
A search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Global Health, CINAHL and Social Science Citation Index will be conducted using a combination of keywords and subject headings for the concepts ‘mother’, ‘cancer’ and ‘children/adolescents’. Grey literature will be sought through web searches and contacting organisations and experts in the field. This review will include all literature that focuses on school-aged children with mothers with cancer. All types and stages of maternal cancer will be included. Impact may range from child survival to experiences or concerns. Observational studies published globally from 2001 will be included. Two independent reviewers will perform title and abstract screening and full text review using Rayyan software according to the eligibility criteria. An English language restriction will be applied at full text review. Data extraction will be done by two independent reviewers using a data extraction tool. The results will be presented in a combination of graphic, tabular and narrative form.
Discussion
This scoping review will map where the studies informing current understanding of the impact of maternal cancer have been done and identify population groups who may currently be under-represented in this literature. In doing so, it will identify where future studies on this pertinent topic need to be conducted to guide context specific interventions for these vulnerable children and adolescents.
Registration:
This protocol was registered on Open Science Framework. Registration doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/N8SGK.
Effects of oxidized cellulose nanocrystals on the structure and mechanical properties of regenerated collagen fibers
Authors: Ding Changkun , Yue Chengfei , Su Jieliang , Wang Hua , Yang Ning , Cheng Bowen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The mechanical properties of regenerated collagen composite materials are of significant importance for promoting its diverse applications. However, the efficient strategy reported so far for enhancing the mechanical properties of regenerated collagen fibers remains limited. Herein, the oxidized cellulose nanocrystals (oCNCs) were successfully prepared in aqueous media by oxidation of the hydroxyl groups on the surface of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an oxidant, and collagen composite fibers were prepared by introducing oCNCs into the collagen matrix via the dry-jet wet spinning technique. The morphology, structures and properties of prepared collagen composite fibers were carefully investigated. These results indicated that oCNCs and CNCs can induce collagen microfibril orientation during the formation process of fibers and protect the possibility of their interactions with collagen molecules. Compared with CNCs, oCNCs offered higher levels of enhancing efficiency and the as-prepared collagen/oCNCs composite fibers exhibited extraordinary improvements in both the tensile strength and toughness with only a 0.05 wt% oCNCs loading. The reason for this improvement is that the hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups of oCNCs can form stronger hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions with collagen molecules, resulting in the synergistic enhancement of the tensile strength, toughness and thermal stability of collagen composite fibers. This work provides an efficient and facile method to achieve collagen composite fibers with high mechanical properties for their broad applications.
Flame retardant hybrid composites manufacturing through reinforcing lignocellulosic and carbon fibers reinforced with epoxy resin (F@LC)
Authors: Hasan K M Faridul , Horváth Péter György , Bak Miklós , Bejó László , Alpár Tibor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Novel flame retardant hybrid composites were developed from lignocellulosic and carbon fibers reinforced with epoxy resin using hot pressing technology. The size of the lignocellulosic fibers was within 0.045 to 0.8 mm and carbon fibers within mm 5 to 8 mm. Thickness of the boards were 10 mm and nominal density 730 kg/m3 whereas the dimensions were 400 mm × 400 mm. The developed panels were undergone for internal bonding strength and flexural properties to investigate the mechanical performances. Furthermore, SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) test was conducted to examine the morphologies of the products before and after fracture and found the significant presence of both types of fiber in the composite system. The EDX (Energy disruptive X-ray) analysis also displayed the chemical elements present in the developed products. Moreover, The FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) study shown a strong chemical interactions among the lignocellulosic and carbon fibers with the thermosetting epoxy polymers. The flame retardancy tests of the composite materials also shown significant thermal stability especially after loading carbon fibers in the composite system. Moreover, significant dimensional stability also noticed which was showing an improving trend with the increase of carbon fibers as the reinforcement. Overall, the composite materials developed from lignocellulosic and carbon fibers with epoxy resin is showing a novel route to the composite community with high mechanical performance and significant flame retardancy.
Effectiveness of nebulized dexmedetomidine as a premedication in flexible bronchoscopy in Indian patients -a prospective, randomized, double blinded study
Authors: Antony Thomas , Acharya Preetam Rajgopal , Acharya Vishak 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Studies have proven the efficacy of intravenous dexmedetomidine in patient comfort during flexible bronchoscopy without causing any respiratory depression. Intravenous administration of sedative agents requires expertise and presence of an anaesthetist. This adds to the cost of the bronchoscopy. Inhalational administration of sedative agents can improve the safety profile due to its local action, with similar efficacy. There are only limited studies which have looked at the effects of nebulized dexmedetomidine in bronchoscopy. Dexmedetomidine in nebulized form is an easy non-invasive method of sedation, in situations where manpower is not trained in intravenous sedation. It alleviates the need of an anesthetist, Shortens the duration of the procedure and hospital stay and thus reduces the overall procedural cost to the patient, without any adverse events Methods: The study is prospective, randomized, double blinded. Patients who requires bronchoscopy and is meeting the inclusion criteria is randomized to receive either dexmedetomidine nebulization or saline (0.9%) nebulization after recording the baseline vital parameters. The study parameters are assessed and recorded using a proforma. Patients are assessed both objectively and subjectively using a proforma at specific time periods. Data collected is analyzed using SPSS software Discussion: Commonly used agents for sedation in bronchoscopy including midazolam, fentanyl and dexmedetomidine. However, side effects with intravenous sedative agents like respiratory depression and bradycardia are seen. Dexmedetomidine, a relatively newer drug is proven to be effective agent for sedation compared to the other standard agents used. However nebulized form of dexmedetomidine, being locally acting is comparatively safer with lesser incidence of hemodynamic instability while being as effective as the intravenous form. Trial registration: The study is submitted for registration with the Central Trial Registry – India
Immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy in metastatic triple -negative breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Yan , Liu Jun , Zhu Yue , Wang Xiu , Xie Tian wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Some studies have shown that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have a favorable efficacy in early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, but the results are controversial in the rescue therapy stage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety after chemotherapy plus ICIs in metastatic TNBC patients.Methods: After slytematically searching PubMed and EMBASE up to December 30, 2021, we defined randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exploring the efficacy and safety of ICIs plus chemotherapy in metastatic TNBC. The endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and/or overall survival (OS) in intention-to-treat (ITT) populations or in programmed death protein-1 /programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) positive populations.Results: Five RCTs (N=3104) were included in our meta-analysis. ICIs plus chemotherapy significantly improved PFS in both the ITT (hazard ratio, (HR), 0.82; 95% CI, 0.75–0.90; P < 0.0001) and PD-L1positive populations (hazard ratio, (HR), 0.72; 95% CI, 0.63–0.82; P <0.00001) with mTNBC. However, ICIs plus chemotherapy failed to improve OS in PD-L1 positive or ITT populationgs. In patients with high PD-L1 expression, ICIs combined with chemotherapy can improve not only PFS but also OS.Conclusion: The meta-analysis showed that adding ICIs to therapy significantly improved PFS in both ITT and PD-L1 positive populations with mTNBC. However, there was no benefit to OS. At the same time, in patients with high PDL-1 expression, ICIs combined with chemotherapy benefited both PFS and OS.
Postoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer with poor pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Gal Omer , Lewin Ron , Perl Gali , Ulitzky Olga , Brenner Baruch , Kundel Yulia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: This study sought to evaluate the effect of postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) who respond poorly to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (ChT). Methods: The database of a tertiary medical center (2009-2020) was retrospectively reviewed for patients with LAGC in whom the initial treatment strategy consisted of perioperative ChT and surgery. Those who were subsequently referred for postoperative CRT because of a poor pathologic primary-tumor response (ypT3-4, ypN2-3, R1 resection) were selected for the study. CRT consisted of 45 Gy in 25 fractions of 1.8 Gy combined with capecitabine 825 mg/m² twice daily on radiotherapy days or continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil 180 mg/m²/day. Intensity-modulated radiation was planned using computed tomography simulation. Results: The cohort included 26 patients of median age 61 years with LAGC (clinical stage IIA-III) after surgery with D1-D2 lymphadenectomy. R0 resection was achieved in 15 (58%). Pathological stage was III in 69% (IIA-IVA); 73% had pT3-T4 tumors, and 65%, N2-N3 disease. Nineteen patients (73%) also received adjuvant ChT (same as neoadjuvant or different regimen) before postoperative CRT. Treatment was well tolerated, except in one patient with grade 4 vomiting. During a median follow-up time of 29 months (9-140 months), recurrences were documented in 14 patients (54%): 5 regional, 7 distant, 2 combined. Median progression-free survival was 23 months (10-140 months), and median overall survival was not reached. Estimated 5-year survival rates were 42% and 53%, respectively. Conclusions: This small retrospective study suggests that in patients with LAGC who show a poor pathologic response to neoadjuvant ChT, a good outcome relative to reference arms in randomized trials can still be achieved with the addition of postoperative CRT. Further studies of the benefit of a tailored adaptive treatment approach to LAGC based on the response to neoadjuvant ChT are warranted.
Preparation of Ce/Ferroferric Oxide/food waste-derived biochar for aqueous Cr(VI) adsorption
Authors: Tie Jingxi , Zhang Meng , Shen Chenliang , Liu Haiyuan , Zhang Weilong , Du Chunbao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) causes serious damage to human health. In this study, food waste (FW) was used as raw material to prepare the food waste-derived biochar (FWB), which was further modified using Ce and Fe2+/Fe3+ co-precipitation to obtain Ce dopped magnetic waste-derived biochar (Ce/Fe3O4/FWB ) material for the efficient Cr(VI) adsorption. The morphology, structure, and characteristics of Ce/Fe3O4/FWB composite were thoroughly investigated, and its Cr(VI) uptake behavior was explored. Ce/Fe3O4/FWB showed the best Cr(VI) adsorption of 20.4 mg/g at pH 2.Additionally, the adsorption suited the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and the Langmuir equation, and the intra-particle diffusion the main step limited the Cr(VI) adsorption by Ce/Fe3O4/FWB. The thermodynamic investigation discovered that the adsorption owned a spontaneous and endothermic nature. With increasing concentrations of Cl-, SO42- and PO43-, the Cr(VI) uptake was weakened in the sequence of Cl- ＜SO42- ＜PO43-. Adsorbent preparation for Cr(VI) removal utilizing FW as a raw material is a sustainable and environmentally beneficial technology for FW reclamation and Cr(VI)-bearing wastewater treatment.
Protect peanut kernels from Aspergillus spp and their mycotoxins during storage by aqueous extract of carob pulp
Authors: El-Desouky Tarek A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Recently, the trend of many studies to replace synthetic antifungals commonly used during storage with natural antifungals; Plants extracts are one of the promising strategies for this purpose. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the aqueous extract of carob pulp (AECP) at 1.5, 2.5, and 5mg/ml on the growth of some toxigenic Aspergillus species, and its effectiveness as antimycotoxigenic (aflatoxins and ochratoxin A) during storage red peanut kernels (RPKs) for 90 days. AECP at 5 mg/ml affected inhibition growth, as Aspergillus ochraceus was the most affected, then A. aflatoxiformans recorded (15.7 ± 0.4) and (13.4 ± 0.5), respectively. Whereas study influence of AECP on the accumulation of total AFs and OTA produced by A. parasiticus and A. ochraceus during the storage of RPKs for 90 days. The results reflected that the active compounds in the AECP can protect RPKs for 45 days without detecting any amounts of total AFs and OTA at 5mg/ml. While after 90 days, the percentages of inhibition for the four types (AFB1, AFG1, AFB2, AFG2) and OTA after storage for 90 days compared with positive control samples (85.1, 76.5, 86.5,84.2, and 87.5%), respectively. Finally, AFB1 recorded the lowest inhibition percentages with all treatments; on the contrary, it was OTA.
Gait parameters when walking with or without rollator on different surface characteristics - a pilot study among healthy individuals
Authors: Hansson Eva Ekvall , Akar Yara , Liu Tingting , Wang Cong , Fänge Agneta Malmgren 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Gait parameters can measure risks of falling and mortality and identify early stages of frailty. The use of walking aid changes gait parameters. To identify what a dysfunctional gait is, one must be able to define what a normal gait is both with and without a walking aid. The aim of this study was to describe differences in gait parameters among healthy adults when walking on different surfaces and under different conditions, with and without a rollator. Results: Ten healthy participants walked first without and then with a rollator upslope, downslope and on flat surface, on bitumen and gravel respectively. Step length, walking speed and sideway deviation was measured using an inertial measurement unit. Walking up a slope using a rollator generated the longest step length and walking down a slope using a rollator the shortest. Fastest walking speed was used when walking up a slope with rollator and slowest when walking down a slope with rollator. Sideway deviation was highest when walking down a slope and lowest when walking on gravel, both without rollator. Data from this study provides valuable knowledge regarding gait parameters among healthy individuals, useful for future clinical research relevant for rehabilitation and public health.
An optimized method for high-quality RNA extraction from distinctive intrinsic laryngeal muscles in the rat model
Authors: Kemfack Angela M. , Hernandez-Morato Ignacio , Moayedi Yalda , Pitman Michael J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Challenges related to high-quality RNA extraction from post-mortem tissue have limited RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) application in certain skeletal muscle groups, including the intrinsic laryngeal muscles (ILMs). The present study identified critical factors contributing to substandard RNA extraction from the ILMs and established a suitable method that permitted high-throughput analysis. Here, standard techniques for tissue processing were adapted, and an effective means to control confounding effects during specimen preparation was determined. The experimental procedure consistently provided sufficient intact total RNA (N = 68) and RIN ranging between 7.0 and 8.6, which was unprecedented using standard RNA purification protocols. This study confirmed the reproducibility of the workflow through repeated trials at different postnatal time points and across the distinctive ILMs. High-throughput diagnostics from 90 RNA samples indicated no sequencing alignment scores below 70%, validating the extraction strategy. Significant differences between the standard and experimental conditions suggest circumvented challenges and broad applicability to other skeletal muscles. This investigation remains ongoing given the prospect of therapeutic insights to voice, swallowing, and airway disorders. The present methodology supports pioneering global transcriptome investigations in the larynx previously unfounded in literature.
ATP-citrate lyase B (ACLB) negatively regulates cell death and plant resistance to Verticillium wilt
Authors: Liu Fujie , Ma Zhifeng , Cai Sheng , Dai Lingjun , Gao Jianbo , Zhou Baoliang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) plays a pivotal role in histone acetylation and aerobic glycolysis. In plant, ACL is a heteromeric enzyme composed of ACLA (45 kD) and ACLB (65 kD). So far, the function of ACL genes in cotton still remains unknown. Results: Here, we genome-widely identified three ACLA homologous sequences and two ACLB homologous in each genome/sub-genome of cotton species. Silencing ACLB in cotton led to intensely cell death at newly-grown leaves and stem apexes. Simultaneously, in ACLB-silenced plants, transcription factors related to senescence including SGR, WRKY23 and Osl57 were observed to be dramatically activated. Further investigation showed that excessive H2O2 was accumulated and pathogenesis-related gene (PR1) expression was evidently enhanced in ACLB-silenced plants, implying that silencing the ACLB genes might induce innate immune responses in cotton. However, as noted, serious cell death happened in newly-grown leaves and stem apexes in ACLB-silenced plants, which led to the failure of subsequent fungal pathogenicity assays. To confirm the role of ACLB gene in regulating plant immune response, the dicotyledonous model plant Arabidopsis was selected for functional verification of ACLB gene. Our results indicate the Arabidopsis mutant aclb-2 enhanced the resistance to Verticillium dahliae infection without causing strong cell death. Ectopic expression of GausACLB-2 in Arabidopsis weakened its resistance to V. dahliae either in Col-0 or in aclb-2 background, in which the expression level of ACLB is negatively correlated with the resistance to V. dahliae. Conclusions: Our study speculates that ACLB has a new function in negatively regulating plant innate immune response, which provides theoretical guidance for developing cotton varieties against Verticillium wilt.
Water allocation, return flows, and economic value in arid basins: Results from a coupled natural-human system model
Authors: Wobus Cameron , Small Eric , Carbone Jared , Livneh Ben , Szafranski William , Kamen Hannah , Modi Parthkumar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The allocation of water in the arid western United States is governed by complex water laws that dictate who receives water, how much they receive, and when. Because these rules are generally based on the seniority of water rights, they are not necessarily focused on maximizing economic value across the entire economy. The maximization of value from water use economy-wide is a complex optimization problem that must explicitly consider each user’s peak water demand, willingness to pay function, and the feedbacks among users in a coupled natural-human system model. In this study, we distill these complexities into a simple model of a two-user economy that allows us to explore the relationships among water availability, water use, and value in water-limited systems. We find that the total economic value generated from water-dependent users depends primarily on the total water available in the system. However, for a given volume of water available, the way that water is allocated between the two users also has a significant effect on economic value. The degree to which this allocation affects value depends primarily on the relative willingness to pay for water between the two users, and on the return flows generated from each sector’s water use. While our simple two-user model is an abstraction of the complexities inherent in natural systems, our study provides important insights into the coupled natural-human system dynamics of water allocation and use in water-limited environments.