bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to avoid overestimating the burden of hypertension in epidemiological studies? A new methodology to account for within-person variability of blood pressure
Authors: Olié Valérie , Chatignoux Edouard , Bonaldi Christophe , Grave Clémence , Gabet Amélie , Blacher Jacques 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundHypertension (HT) is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases. HT is diagnosed as blood pressure (BP) exceeding a certain threshold. Because of the high within-person variability of BP, the estimation of HT in epidemiological studies based on single visit measurements tends to overestimate HT prevalence. Our study aimed to determine the correction factors to correct the bias in the estimation of HT prevalence in epidemiological studies.MethodsWe used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study in which BP was measured at three visits. A Bayesian hierarchical model was used to estimate the different components of BP variability (between individuals, between visits or between measures) by age and sex. These components allowed us to calculate the correction factors necessary to correct HT prevalence in epidemiological studies with single BP measurement. The method was then applied to data from the French Esteban study in which three standardized BP measurements were performed at a single clinical examination.ResultsThe components of BP variability varied with age and sex, with different patterns observed for systolic and diastolic BP. Between-visit and between-individual variations drove BP variability, with between-measure variability being much lower. The uncorrected prevalence of HT in the Esteban study overestimated the burden of HT by 12.6% in the French population, with more than one in five untreated individuals being misclassified. The overestimation was higher in younger adults and women.ConclusionTaking into account within-person BP variability in epidemiological studies could avoid a substantial overestimation of the burden of HT.
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F (RSVPreF3) Candidate Vaccine in Older Adults: Phase 1/2 Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Leroux-Roels Isabel , Davis Matthew G , Steenackers Katie , Essink Brandon , Vandermeulen Corinne , Fogarty Charles , Andrews Charles P , Kerwin Edward , David Marie-Pierre , Fissette Laurence , Vanden Abeele Carline , Collete Delphine , de Heusch Magali , Salaun Bruno , De Schrevel Nathalie , Koch Juliane , Verheust Céline , Dezutter Nancy , Struyf Frank , Mesaros Narcisa , Tica Jelena , Hulstrøm Veronica 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate safety and immunogenicity of vaccine formulations against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) containing the stabilized prefusion conformation of RSV fusion protein (RSVPreF3).MethodsThis phase 1/2, randomized controlled, observer-blind study enrolled 48 young adults (YAs; aged 18–40 years) and 1005 older adults (OAs; aged 60–80 years) between January and August 2019. Participants were randomized into equally sized groups to receive 2 doses of unadjuvanted (YAs and OAs) or AS01-adjuvanted (OAs) vaccine or placebo 2 months apart. Vaccine safety and immunogenicity were assessed until 1 month (YAs) or 12 months (OAs) after second vaccination.ResultsThe RSVPreF3 vaccines boosted humoral (RSVPreF3-specific immunoglobulin G [IgG] and RSV-A neutralizing antibody) responses, which increased in an antigen concentration-dependent manner and were highest after dose 1. Compared to prevaccination, the geometric mean frequencies of polyfunctional CD4+ T cells increased after each dose and were significantly higher in adjuvanted than unadjuvanted vaccinees. Postvaccination immune responses persisted until end of follow-up. Solicited adverse events were mostly mild to moderate and transient. Despite a higher observed reactogenicity of AS01-containing vaccines, no safety concerns were identified for any assessed formulation.ConclusionsBased on safety and immunogenicity profiles, the AS01E-adjuvanted vaccine containing 120 μg of RSVPreF3 was selected for further clinical development.Clinical Trials RegistrationNCT03814590.
Biological Activity of Insecticides AgainstBradysia ocellarisLarvae (Diptera: Sciaridae): A New Pest of Strawberry Crops
Authors: da Fonseca Duarte Adriane , de Bastos Pazini Juliano , Costa Padilha Aline , Pedro Robe Fagundes João , Lessa Pinto Duarte Juliano , Silva da Cunha Uemerson , Bernardi Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBlack fungus gnat larvae are one of the primary insect pests in greenhouse and nursery crops, and Bradysia ocellaris (Comstock) (Diptera: Sciaridae) is one common pest species. This pest is difficult to control in Brazil because of the absence of registered insecticides. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of some insecticides on B. ocellaris larvae. We also verified that the insect growth regulator novaluron caused the deformation of B. ocellaris. Of the insecticides evaluated, malationa, and thiamethoxam showed high mortality rate (96 and 86 % respectively). Further, bioassays with acetamiprid (78 %) and novaluron (44 %) showed that the lethal concentrations (LC50) were 19.18 mg a.i.L-1 at 48h to acetamiprid and 1.24 mg a.i.L-1 at 120 h to novaluron. When larvae were fed on potato pieces treated with novaluron, independently of the dose, the mortality rate was 100 %, since no larvae could complete the development cycle. Among all evaluated insecticides, only acetamiprid and novaluron were considered effective tools for control of B. ocellaris larvae under laboratory conditions.
Nonstationary phase-corrected full-waveform inversion with attenuation compensation in viscoacoustic medium
Authors: Li Chao , Liu Guochang , Deng Yong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Full-waveform inversion (FWI) acts as an effective technique to estimate subsurface parameter by iteratively reducing the difference between the predictions and the observations. The classic FWI suffers from the problem of converging to the local minimum when the starting model is poor, which is known as the notorious cycle skipping phenomenon. Moreover, due to the anelasticity of the earth, seismic waves always suffer from energy dissipation and phase distortion while their propagation, which leads to an attenuated gradient for FWI, decelerates the convergence rate of the inversion processing. We have proposed a new method referred to as Q-compensated nonstationary phase-corrected FWI (QNPCFWI) to compensate for the attenuation-induced gradient energy loss and the phase mismatch caused by the less-accurate initial velocity model and phase dispersion simultaneously in viscoacoustic medium. We incorporated attenuation compensation mechanism and nonstationary phase correction method for improved inversion efficiency in the case that a poor initial model is used. The main points of this paper can be concluded as follows: (i) we compensate the lost energy for gradient calculation during wave propagation for improved inversion efficiency. (ii) As we know, Q model estimation for real data is challenging and an accurate Q model is hard to get. The proposed QNPCFWI can also work using an approximate Q model. (iii) The proposed method has the ability to mitigate cycle skipping even if the low-frequency components of seismic data are absent. Numerical examples validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method.
Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and Associated Pathogens Collected From Domestic Animals and Vegetation in Stann Creek District, Southeastern Belize, Central America
Authors: Polsomboon Nelson Suppaluck , Bourke Brian P , Badr Razan , Tarpey John , Caicedo-Quiroga Laura , Leiva Donovan , Pott Marie , Cruz Alvaro , Chao Chien-Chung , Achee Nicole L , Grieco John P , Jiang Le , Jiang Ju , Farris Christina M , Linton Yvonne-Marie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Data on the prevalence and distribution of ticks and tick-borne diseases in Belize are lacking. Ticks (n = 564) collected from dogs, horses, and vegetation in two villages in Stann Creek District in southeastern Belize in 2018, were molecularly identified and screened for tick-borne nonviral human pathogens. The identity of 417 ticks was molecularly confirmed by DNA barcoding as Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) (66.43%), Amblyomma ovale Koch (15.59%), Dermacentor nitens Neumann (11.51%), Amblyomma sp. ADB0528 (3.6%), and the remainder being small records (2.87%) of Amblyomma coelebs Neumann, Amblyomma imitator Kohls, Amblyomma tapirellum Dunn, Amblyomma auricularium Conil, and Amblyomma maculatum Koch. Individual tick extracts were screened for the presence of Rickettsia spp., Babesia spp., Babesia microti, Borrelia spp., Ehrlichia spp., and Anaplasma spp. using available conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Rickettsia parkeri strain Atlantic Rainforest was identified in five specimens of A. ovale, and one other unidentified tick, all collected from dogs. Another unidentified tick—also collected from a dog—tested positive for an undefined but previously detected Ehrlichia sp. With the exception of D. nitens, all eight other tick species identified in this study were collected on dogs, suggesting that dogs could be usefully employed as sentinel animals for tick surveillance in Belize.
An orientation bias in observations of submillimetre galaxies
Authors: Lovell C C , Geach J E , Davé R , Narayanan D , Coppin K E K , Li Q , Franco M , Privon G C 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Recent high-resolution interferometric images of submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) reveal fascinatingly complex morphologies. This raises a number of questions: how does the relative orientation of a galaxy affect its observed submillimetre emission, and does this result in an ‘orientation bias’ in the selection and analysis of such galaxies in flux-limited cosmological surveys? We investigated these questions using the simba cosmological simulation paired with the dust radiative transfer code powderday. We selected eight simulated SMGs (S850 ≳ 2 mJy) at z = 2, and measured the variance of their ‘observed’ emission over 50 random orientations. Each galaxy exhibits significant scatter in its emission close to the peak of the thermal dust emission, with variation in flux density of up to a factor of 2.7. This results in an appreciable dispersion in the inferred dust temperatures and infrared luminosities (16th–84th percentile ranges of 5 K and 0.1 dex, respectively) and therefore a fundamental uncertainty in derived parameters such as dust mass and star formation rate (∼30 per cent for the latter using simple calibrations). Using a Monte Carlo simulation we also assessed the impact of orientation on flux-limited surveys, finding a bias in the selection of SMGs towards those with face-on orientations, as well as those at lower redshifts. We predict that the orientation bias will affect flux-limited single-dish surveys, most significantly at THz frequencies, and this bias should be taken into account when placing the results of targeted follow-up studies in a statistical context.
Community empowerment and mental wellbeing: longitudinal findings from a survey of people actively involved in the big local place-based initiative in England
Authors: Akhter N , McGowan V J , Halliday E , Popay J , Kasim A , Bambra C 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Community empowerment initiatives are receiving increased interest as ways of improving health and reducing health inequalities.

Purpose
Longitudinally examine associations between collective control, social-cohesion and mental wellbeing amongst participants in the Big Local community empowerment initiative across 150 disadvantaged areas of England.

Methods
As part of the independent Communities in Control study, we analysed nested cohort survey data on mental wellbeing (Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale—SWEMWBS) and perceptions of collective control and social-cohesion. Data were obtained in 2016, 2018 and 2020 for 217 residents involved in the 150 Big Local areas in England. Adjusted linear mixed effect models were utilized to examine changes in SWEMWBS over the three waves. Subgroup analysis by gender and educational level was conducted.

Results
There was a significant 1.46 (0.14, 2.77) unit increase in mental wellbeing score at wave 2 (2018) but not in wave 3 (2020) (0.06 [−1.41, 1.53]). Across all waves, collective control was associated with a significantly higher mental wellbeing score (3.36 [1.51, 5.21]) as was social cohesion (1.09 [0.19, 2.00]). Higher educated participants (1.99 [0.14, 3.84]) and men (2.41 [0.55, 4.28]) experienced significant increases in mental wellbeing in 2018, but lower educated participants and women did not.

Conclusion
Collective control and social cohesion are associated with better mental wellbeing amongst residents engaged with the Big Local initiative. These health benefits were greater amongst men and participants from higher educational backgrounds. This suggests that additional care must be taken in future interventions to ensure that benefits are distributed equally.
The Demographics of School District Secession
Authors: Cooperstock Alexandra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSchool segregation has been a topic of significant sociological research in the United States. Less attention has been devoted to understanding the relationship between school district inequalities and secession, a political tool that forms new boundaries after a formal withdrawal from an existing school district. This paper analyzes the school district secession attempts that have occurred since the year 2000 using national data and builds upon qualitative research and case studies focused on a single region or metropolitan area. Drawing on social closure theory, I explore the community characteristics associated with secession attempts. To do so, I create a measure of social imbalance that leverages the geographic variation between places attempting a secession and the school districts they are nested within. Results indicate that the percentage of residents with a college degree is among the strongest predictors of secession attempts, highlighting the salience of educational attainment at the population-level for selecting into the use of this political tool. Results also indicate that school districts successfully created through secession cleave onto racial and economic divides for both the residential and student populations, driven by secessions located in the South. School district secession processes elucidate the many pathways by which school segregation is produced and perpetuated, including micro-level school and neighborhood selection decisions, jurisdictional restructuring of district boundaries, and the national and state-level legal landscape.
Implementation of Fetal Clinical Exome Sequencing: Comparing Prospective and Retrospective Cohorts
Authors: Marangoni Martina , Smits Guillaume , Ceysens Gilles , Costa Elena , Coulon Robert , Daelemans Caroline , De Coninck Caroline , Derisbourg Sara , Gajewska Kalina , Garofalo Giulia , Gounongbe Caroline , Guizani Meriem , Holoye Anne , Houba Catherine , Makhoul Jean , Norgaard Christian , Regnard Cecile , Romée Stephanie , Soto Jamil , Stagel-Trabbia Aurore , Van Rysselberge Michel , Vercoutere An , Zaytouni Siham , Bouri Sarah , D'Haene Nicky , D'Onle Dominique , Dugauquier Christian , Racu Marie-Lucie , Rocq Laureen , Segers Valérie , Verocq Camille , Avni Ephraim Freddy , Cassart Marie , Massez Anne , Blaumeiser Bettina , Brischoux-Boucher Elise , Bulk Saskia , De Ravel Thomy , Debray Guillaume , Dimitrov Boyan , Janssens Sandra , Keymolen Kathelijn , Laterre Marie , van Berkel Kim , Van Maldergem Lionel , Vandernoot Isabelle , Vilain Catheline , Donner Catherine , Tecco Laura , Thomas Dominique , Désir Julie , Abramowicz Marc , Migeotte Isabelle 
Published: July 2022

(Abstracted from Genet Med 2022;24:344–363)
Approximately 2% to 3% of pregnancies are affected by fetal abnormalities, and many of these are detected by ultrasound. After identification of suspected fetal structural anomaly, invasive procedures such as chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis are offered as a method of prenatal genetic diagnosis.
Postoperative analgesia for complex spinal surgery
Authors: Koh Way Siong , Leslie Kate 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
Complex spinal surgery is associated with significant postoperative pain. The purpose of this paper is to review recent literature on postoperative pain management in adult and adolescent patients having complex spinal surgery.

Recent findings
We conducted a literature search using the Medline database for relevant publications from 2020 to 2022 on postoperative pain after complex spinal surgery. Although opioids remain the mainstay to manage pain after complex spinal surgery, they are associated with adverse effects. Multimodal analgesia may be used to reduce these adverse effects by combining different drugs targeting different parts of the pain pathway. Recent publications suggest continuous low dose fentanyl or morphine infusion, methadone, intravenous paracetamol and ibuprofen, ketorolac, ketamine, magnesium infusion, lidocaine infusion and dexmedetomidine appear to be effective and safe to manage pain after complex spinal surgery. Regional techniques including bilateral erector spinae block, interfascial plane block and intrathecal morphine also appear to be effective and safe.

Summary
Pain management after complex spinal surgery remains challenging. Therefore, further studies are still required to determine the optimal multimodal analgesic regimen for these patients.
Antifibrinolytics in the treatment of traumatic brain injury
Authors: Schober Patrick , Loer Stephan A. , Schwarte Lothar A. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of trauma-related deaths, and pharmacologic interventions to limit intracranial bleeding should improve outcomes. Tranexamic acid reduces mortality in injured patients with major systemic bleeding, but the effects of antifibrinolytic drugs on outcomes after TBI are less clear. We therefore summarize recent evidence to guide clinicians on when (not) to use antifibrinolytic drugs in TBI patients.

Recent findings
Tranexamic acid is the only antifibrinolytic drug that has been studied in patients with TBI. Several recent studies failed to conclusively demonstrate a benefit on survival or neurologic outcome. A large trial with more than 12 000 patients found no significant effect of tranexamic acid on head-injury related death, all-cause mortality or disability across the overall study population, but observed benefit in patients with mild to moderate TBI. Observational evidence signals potential harm in patients with isolated severe TBI.

Summary
Given that the effect of tranexamic acid likely depends on a variety of factors, it is unlikely that a ‘one size fits all’ approach of administering antifibrinolytics to all patients will be helpful. Tranexamic acid should be strongly considered in patients with mild to moderate TBI and should be avoided in isolated severe TBI.
Collaborative centralization of gynaecological cancer care
Authors: Moloney Kristen , Rao Archana , Obermair Andreas 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
To discuss the benefits of centralization of gynaecological cancer care on patients and the healthcare system and how to overcome its barriers.

Recent findings
Evidence demonstrates that adherence to clinical practice management guidelines is more likely; the risk of adverse events is lower; survival is improved; in young women fertility preservation is higher; and cost effectiveness is higher; in systems that employ centralized care for women with gynaecological cancer. Barriers to the uptake of centralized models include knowledge, attitude as well as deficient systems and processes, including a lack of governance and leadership. Collaborative centralization refers to a model that sees both elements (centralization and treatment closer to home) utilized at the patient level that addresses some of the barriers of centralized gynaecological cancer care.

Summary
Evidence supports centralized gynaecological cancer care, as it results in reduced risks of adverse events, improved survival and higher fertility rates at lower cost to funders. Collaborative centralization is a process that considers both the value of centralization and collaboration amongst healthcare professionals at primary, secondary and tertiary levels of healthcare to benefit patient outcomes.
Epstein-Barr virus-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders: new insights in pathogenesis, classification and treatment
Authors: Dierickx Daan , Pociupany Martyna , Natkunam Yaso 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of reviewPosttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a serious complication following transplantation from an allogeneic donor. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is involved in a substantial number of cases. In this review, we aim to summarize recent knowledge on pathogenesis, classification and treatment of EBV+PTLD.Recent findingsNew insights in the complex oncogenic properties of EBV antigens noncoding Ribonucleic acids (RNAs), especially EBV MicroRNA (miRNAs), have increased our knowledge of the pathogenesis of EBV+PTLD. In addition the potential influence of EBV on the tumor microenvironment is becoming clearer, paving the way for new types of immunotherapy. Currently PTLD is classified according to the World Health Organization classification together with other lymphoproliferative disorders, based on the specific immunosuppression. However, a new framework integrating all types of lymphoproliferative disorders in all different settings of immune deficiency and dysregulation is needed. Although treatment of EBV+and EBV-PTLD was largely similar in the past, EBV-directed therapies are currently increasingly used.SummaryThe use of EBV-directed therapies and new agents, based on better understanding of pathogenesis and classification of PTLD, will change the treatment landscape of EBV+PTLD in the next era.
HIV-related lymphomas
Authors: Vaccher Emanuela , Gloghini Annunziata , Carbone Antonino 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
To summarize the recent evidence on the pathology, current standard of care and recent advances in the treatment of HIV-related lymphomas.

Recent findings
Lymphomas remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV, even in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). However, treatment outcomes for these malignancies have improved in recent decades, due to full-dose chemotherapy, effective cART and supportive care. Recent advances include the identification of novel driving signaling pathways as promising molecular targets to improve lymphoma outcomes.

Summary
Patients with HIV-related lymphomas who receive effective cART should be treated like the general population.
The Effect of Estrogen in the Prevention of Adhesion Reformation After Hysteroscopic Adhesiolysis: A Prospective Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Yang Lingling , Ma Ning , Song Dongmei , Huang Xiaowu , Zhou Qiaoyun , Guo Yan , Xia Enlan , Shi Xiaoyu , Li Tin Chiu 
Published: July 2022

(Abstracted from J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022;29:871–878)
Asherman syndrome occurs when intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) are produced after trauma to the basalis layer of the endometrium (often following endometrial curettage in the gravid uterus). The syndrome may present in affected women as changes in menstruation including secondary amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, infertility, or recurrent miscarriage.