bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contemporary Incidence and Burden of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in Children of the United States
Authors: Otite Fadar Oliver , Vanguru Husitha , Anikpezie Nnabuchi , Patel Smit D. , Chaturvedi Seemant 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in children of the United States is unknown, and it is uncertain how the burden of CVT hospitalizations in children changed over the last decade.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the State Inpatient Database and Kid’s inpatient database. All new CVT cases in children (0–19 years) in the New York 2006 to 2018 State Inpatient Database (n=705), and all cases of CVT in the entire US contained in the 2006 to 2019 Kid’s inpatient database (weighted n=6115) were identified using validated
International Classification of Diseases (ICDs
) codes. Incident counts were combined with census data to compute incidence. Between-group differences in incidence were tested using 2-proportions
Z
-test, and Joinpoint regression was used to trend incidence over time.

Results:
Across the study period, 48.2% of all incident CVT cases and 44.6% of all CVT admissions nationally were in girls. Of all incident cases, 27.2% were infants and 65.8% of these infants were neonates. Average incidence across the study period was (1.1/100 000/year, SE:0.04) but incidence in infants (6.4/100 000/year) was at least 5 times the incidence in other age groups (1–4 years: 0.7/100 000/year, 15–19 years: 1.2/100 000/year). Incidence and national burden of CVT admissions was higher in girls in adolescents 15 to 19 years, but overall burden was higher in boys in other age groups. Age- and sex-standardized CVT incidence increased by 3.8% annually (95% CI, 0.2%–7.6%), while the overall burden of admissions increased by 4.9% annually (95% CI, 3.6%–6.2%).

Conclusions:
CVT incidence in New York and national burden of CVT increased significantly over the last decade.
Diurnal Differences in Immune Response in Brain, Blood and Spleen After Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice
Authors: Esposito Elga , Zhang Fang , Park Ji-Hyun , Mandeville Emiri T. , Li Wenlu , Cuartero María Isabel , Lizasoaín Ignacio , Moro María A. , Lo Eng H. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The immune response to acute cerebral ischemia is a major factor in stroke pathobiology. Circadian biology modulates some aspects of immune response. The goal of this study is to compare key parameters of immune response during the active/awake phase versus inactive/sleep phase in a mouse model of transient focal cerebral ischemia.

Methods:
Mice were housed in normal or reversed light cycle rooms for 3 weeks, and then they were blindly subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia. Flow cytometry was used to examine immune responses in blood, spleen, and brain at 3 days after ischemic onset.

Results:
In blood, there were higher levels of circulating T cells in mice subjected to focal ischemia during zeitgeber time (ZT)1–3 (inactive or sleep phase) versus ZT13–15 mice (active or awake phase). In the spleen, organ weight and immune cell numbers were lower in ZT1–3 versus ZT13–15 mice. Consistent with these results, there was an increased infiltration of activated T cells into brain at ZT1–3 compared with ZT13–15.

Conclusions:
This proof-of-concept study indicates that there are significant diurnal effects on the immune response after focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Hence, therapeutic strategies focused on immune targets should be reassessed to account for the effects of diurnal rhythms and circadian biology in nocturnal rodent models of stroke.
Meaning and Use in the Expression of Estimative Probability
Authors: van Tiel Bob , Sauerland Uli , Franke Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWords of estimative probability (WEPs), such as ‘possible’ and ‘a good chance’, provide an efficient means for expressing probability under uncertainty. Current semantic theories assume that WEPs denote crisp thresholds on the probability scale, but experimental data indicate that their use is characterised by gradience and focality. Here, we implement and compare computational models of the use of WEPs to explain novel production data. We find that, among models incorporating cognitive limitations and assumptions about goal-directed speech, a model that implements a threshold-based semantics explains the data equally well as a model that semantically encodes patterns of gradience and focality. We further validate the model by distinguishing between participants with more or fewer autistic traits, as measured with the Autism Spectrum Quotient test. These traits include communicative difficulties. We show that these difficulties are reflected in the rationality parameter of the model, which modulates the probability that the speaker selects the pragmatically optimal message.
Luteolin loaded on zinc oxide nanoparticles ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with insulin resistance in diabetic rats via regulation of PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 pathway
Authors: Ahmed Esraa SA , Mohamed Hebatallah E , Farrag Mostafa A 
Published: November 2022

Objective Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a worldwide health problem with high prevalence and morbidity associated with obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia. Nano-formulation of luteolin with Zn oxide in the form of Lut/ZnO NPs may improve the anti-diabetic property of each alone and ameliorate the insulin resistance thus management of NAFLD. This study aimed to measure the efficiency of Lut/ZnO NPs against insulin resistance coupled with NAFLD and T2DM. Methods A diabetic rat model with NAFLD was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (30 mg/kg I.P). Serum diabetogenic markers levels, lipid profile, and activity of liver enzymes were measured beside liver oxidative stress markers. Moreover, the hepatic expressions of PI3K/AKT/FoxO1/SERBP1c as well as heme oxygenase-1 were measured beside the histopathological examination. Results Lut/ZnO NPs treatment effectively reduced hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and ameliorated insulin resistance. Additionally, Lut/ZnO NPs improved the hepatic functions, the antioxidant system, and reduced the oxidative stress markers. Furthermore, the lipid load in the liver, as well as the circulating TG and TC, was minified via the suppression of lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis. Moreover, Lut/ZnO NPs activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, hence inactivating FoxO1, therefore enhancing the hepatic cells’ insulin sensitivity. Conclusion Lut/ZnO NPs have a hepatoprotective effect and may relieve the progression of NAFLD by alleviating insulin resistance, ameliorating the antioxidant status, and regulating the insulin signal pathway.
Skilled Nursing Facility Participation in Bundled Payments Was Related to Small Increases in Nurse Staffing Levels
Authors: Ying Meiling , Temkin-Greener Helena , Thirukumaran Caroline P. , Joynt Maddox Karen E. , Holloway Robert G. , Li Yue 
Published: November 2022

Medicare implemented Bundled Payments for Care Improvement (BPCI) Model 3 in 2013, in which participating skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) were accountable for episode costs. We performed comparative interrupted time series analyses to evaluate associations between SNF BPCI participation and nurse staffing levels, using Medicare claims, resident assessments, and facility-level and market-level files of 2010–2017. For persistent-participating SNFs, BPCI was associated with improved certified nursing assistant (CNA) staffing levels (differential change = .03 hours, p = .025). However, BPCI was not related to changes in registered nurse (RN) and all licensed nurse hours, and nurse skill mix. Among drop-out SNFs, BPCI was associated with increased RN staffing levels (differential change = .02 hours, p = .009), leading to a higher nurse skill ratio (0.51 percentage points, p = .016) than control SNFs. Bundled payments for care improvement had no impact on CNA and all licensed nurse staffing levels. In conclusion, BPCI was associated with statistically significant but small increases in nurse staffing levels.
Survey of Belgian owners’ perspectives on quality of life and difficulties during a weight-loss programme in obese cats
Authors: Baptista da Silva Camila , Lyu Yang , Ruiz-Suárez Norberto , Pastoor Francis , Heip Lobke , Wambacq Wendy , Hottat Marie Celine , Hesta Myriam 
Published: November 2022

Objectives The aims of this study were to determine owners’ perception of their cats’ quality of life (QoL), and whether there is a correlation with weight-loss variables, as well as to identify the main difficulties owners encounter during controlled weight loss in their obese cats. Methods The study was carried out as an e-questionnaire survey addressed to owners of cats starting a weight-loss programme. The e-questionnaire was provided at a single time point after the conclusion of the study (24 weeks). Results Nineteen completed questionnaires were included. Eighteen cats had a lower weight at the end of the weight-loss period, two of which had successfully reached their target weight. Mean weight loss was 13.84% body weight at a rate of 0.53% weight loss/week. Although the perceived QoL was not correlated with weight-loss variables ( P >0.05), it increased over time, even in cats that did not reach their target weight, and was statistically correlated with increased activity ( r = 0.73; P <0.01), mobility ( r = 0.78; P <0.01) and play time ( r = 0.61; P <0.01). The main difficulties encountered by owners were not giving (32%) or permitting the cat to eat extra food (26%). The main presumed difficulty for the cat was having its food decreased over time (53%). Most owners considered their cats happy (42%) and quite happy (53%) during the study, and no statistically significant correlations were found between the weight loss, food-seeking behaviour and stress parameters ( P >0.05). Conclusions and relevance Although several difficulties were encountered throughout the study, increased QoL and energy levels in their cats were noticed by owners. A positive perspective on weight-loss programmes is important to keep owners motivated and achieve the target weight in their cats. Furthermore, this survey provides insights into the perceived difficulties of weight-loss regimens in cats.
DNA Methylation Changes in Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients
Authors: Mohanraj Lathika , Wolf Hope , Silvey Scott , Liu Jinze , Toor Amir , Swift-Scanlan Theresa 
Published: November 2022

Background Blood cancers may be potentially cured with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT); however, standard pre-assessments for transplant eligibility do not capture all contributing factors for transplant outcomes. Epigenetic biomarkers predict outcomes in various diseases. This pilot study aims to explore epigenetic changes (epigenetic age and differentially methylated genes) in patients before and after autologous HCT, that can serve as potential biomarkers to better predict HCT outcomes. Methods This study used a prospective longitudinal study design to compare genome wide DNA methylation changes in 36 autologous HCT eligible patients recruited from the Cellular Immunotherapies and Transplant clinic at a designated National Cancer Center. Results Genome-wide DNA methylation, measured by the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 850K BeadChip, showed a significant difference in DNA methylation patterns post-HCT compared to pre-HCT. Compared to baseline levels of DNA methylation pre-HCT, 3358 CpG sites were hypo-methylated and 3687 were hyper-methylated. Identified differentially methylated positions overlapped with genes involved in hematopoiesis, blood cancers, inflammation and immune responses. Enrichment analyses showed significant alterations in biological processes such as immune response and cell structure organization, however no significant pathways were noted. Though participants had an advanced epigenetic age compared to chronologic age before and after HCT, both epigenetic age and accelerated age decreased post-HCT. Conclusion Epigenetic changes, both in epigenetic age and differentially methylated genes were observed in autologous HCT recipients, and should be explored as biomarkers to predict transplant outcomes after autologous HCT in larger, longitudinal studies.
Homogeneous ensemble models for predicting infection levels and mortality of COVID-19 patients: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Jiafeng , Zhou Xianlong , Hou Zhitian , Xu Xiaoya , Zhao Yueyue , Chen Shanshan , Zhang Jun , Shao Lina , Yan Rong , Wang Mingshan , Ge Minghua , Hao Tianyong , Tu Yuexing , Huang Haijun 
Published: November 2022

Background Persistence of long-term COVID-19 pandemic is putting high pressure on healthcare services worldwide for several years. This article aims to establish models to predict infection levels and mortality of COVID-19 patients in China. Methods Machine learning models and deep learning models have been built based on the clinical features of COVID-19 patients. The best models are selected by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) scores to construct two homogeneous ensemble models for predicting infection levels and mortality, respectively. The first-hand clinical data of 760 patients are collected from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between 3 January and 8 March 2020. We preprocess data with cleaning, imputation, and normalization. Results Our models obtain AUC = 0.7059 and Recall (Weighted avg) = 0.7248 in predicting infection level, while AUC=0.8436 and Recall (Weighted avg) = 0.8486 in predicting mortality ratio. This study also identifies two sets of essential clinical features. One is C-reactive protein (CRP) or high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and the other is chest tightness, age, and pleural effusion. Conclusions Two homogeneous ensemble models are proposed to predict infection levels and mortality of COVID-19 patients in China. New findings of clinical features for benefiting the machine learning models are reported. The evaluation of an actual dataset collected from January 3 to March 8, 2020 demonstrates the effectiveness of the models by comparing them with state-of-the-art models in prediction.
The Incidence of Double Crush Syndrome in Surgically Treated Patients
Authors: Mills Emily S. , Mertz Kevin , Fresquez Zoe , Ton Andy , Buser Zorica , Alluri Ram K. , Hah Raymond J. 
Published: November 2022

Study Design Retrospective Cohort Study Objectives Cervical radiculopathy and peripheral entrapment neuropathies often have overlapping symptoms that are difficult to distinguish on physical examination. Small-scale studies have attempted to report the incidence of this phenomenon, often called double crush syndrome (DCS), with varying results. The present study aims to determine the incidence of concomitant cervical radiculopathy and peripheral nerve compression and to determine if the DCS hypothesis, which states that compression of a nerve at one site leaves it more susceptible to compression at another, is valid. Methods The PearlDiver database was queried from 2010 to 2020. The incidence of peripheral neuropathy in cervical radiculopathy was assessed. Propensity score matching was used to determine if patients with cervical radiculopathy were more likely to have peripheral nerve compression compared to controls, and vice versa, to test the DCS hypothesis. Results The database contains records of 90,772 632 patients. The incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) or peripheral ulnar nerve compression (PUnC) in cervical radiculopathy was 9.98% and 3.15%, respectively. The incidence of both carpal tunnel syndrome and PUnC in cervical radiculopathy was 1.84%. Patients with cervical radiculopathy were more likely than matched controls to have both CTS ( P < .001) and PUnC ( P < .001). Patients with CTS ( P < .001) and with PUnC ( P < .001) were more likely to have cervical radiculopathy than the control cohort. Conclusions The incidence of DCS is reported. Patients with cervical radiculopathy are more likely than matched controls to have peripheral nerve compression, and vice versa, in support of the DCS hypothesis.
Anxiety levels among Palestinian university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Radwan Eqbal , Radwan Afnan , Alattar Etimad , Radwan Walaa , Alajez Mohammed 
Published: November 2022

Background: The widespread of COVID-19 causes serious distress on the mental health of the students during the lockdown period. The present study aimed to identify anxiety levels among students during the COVID-19 crisis. Design and methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was carried out among university students aged 18–47 years. The 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) was used to assess anxiety symptoms. Results: Among the 1252 participants, the mean age was 28.82 (±7.28) years and 72.6% were female. Based on the results, 22.0% of the participants had no symptoms of anxiety, 25.2% had mild anxiety, 29.6% moderate anxiety, and 23.2% severe anxiety. Moreover, being a female (OR = 0.480, 95% CI = 0.257–0.704), younger age (OR = 0.359, 95% CI = 0.132–0.586), undergraduate level (OR = 0.493, 95% CI = 0.288–0.698), and stability of monthly income (OR = 0.516, 95% CI = 0.308–0.723) were found to be a protective factor against anxiety suffered by the participants. However, having a COVID-19-infected relative or acquaintance was a risk factor for anxiety (OR = 21.870, 95% CI = 21.870–21.870). The results revealed that the level of anxiety symptoms was positively associated with COVID-19 related stressors such as effects on daily living ( r = 0.163, p < 0.001), economic stressors ( r = 0.153, p < 0.001), and educational consequences ( r = 0.150, p < 0.001), however, social support ( r = 0.472, p < 0.001) was negatively associated with the anxiety. Conclusion: The psychological status of university students should be followed during times of health emergencies. It is essential to design a health program for influenced students to assist them to stay resilient throughout perilous situations.
AKT supports the metabolic fitness of multiple myeloma cells by restricting FOXO activity
Authors: Bloedjes Timon A. , de Wilde Guus , Khan Gerarda H. , Ashby Timothy C. , Shaughnessy John D. , Zhan Fenghuang , Houtkooper Riekelt H. , Bende Richard J. , van Noesel Carel J. M. , Spaargaren Marcel , Guikema Jeroen E. J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Metabolic alterations are important cancer-associated features that allow cancer cell transformation and survival under stress conditions. Multiple myeloma (MM) plasma cells show increased glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which are characteristics associated with recurrent genetic aberrations that drive the proliferation and survival of MM cells. The protein kinase B/AKT acts as a central node in cellular metabolism and is constitutively active in MM cells. Despite the known role of AKT in modulating cellular metabolism, little is known about the downstream factors of AKT that control the metabolic adaptability of MM cells. Here, we demonstrate that negative regulation of the forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors (TFs) by AKT is crucial to prevent the metabolic shutdown in MM cells, thus contributing to their metabolic adaptability. Our results demonstrate that the expression of several key metabolic genes involved in glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and OXPHOS are repressed by FOXO TFs. Moreover, the FOXO-dependent repression of glycolysis- and TCA-associated genes correlates with a favorable prognosis in a large cohort of patients with MM. Our data suggest that repression of FOXO by AKT is essential to sustain glycolysis and the TCA cycle activity in MM cells and, as such, predicts patient survival.
Chronic GvHD NIH Consensus Project Biology Task Force: evolving path to personalized treatment of chronic GvHD
Authors: Buxbaum Nataliya P. , Socié Gerard , Hill Geoffrey R. , MacDonald Kelli P. A. , Tkachev Victor , Teshima Takanori , Lee Stephanie J. , Ritz Jerome , Sarantopoulos Stefanie , Luznik Leo , Zeng Defu , Paczesny Sophie , Martin Paul J. , Pavletic Steven Z. , Schultz Kirk R. , Blazar Bruce R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) remains a prominent barrier to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantion as the leading cause of nonrelapse mortality and significant morbidity. Tremendous progress has been achieved in both the understanding of pathophysiology and the development of new therapies for cGvHD. Although our field has historically approached treatment from an empiric position, research performed at the bedside and bench has elucidated some of the complex pathophysiology of cGvHD. From the clinical perspective, there is significant variability of disease manifestations between individual patients, pointing to diverse biological underpinnings. Capitalizing on progress made to date, the field is now focused on establishing personalized approaches to treatment. The intent of this article is to concisely review recent knowledge gained and formulate a path toward patient-specific cGvHD therapy.
miR-148a-3p and DDX6 functional link promotes survival of myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Ghashghaei Maryam , Le Cong Truc , Shaalan Haya , Escano Leo , Yue Marty , Arsalan Aaremish , Rouhi Arefeh , Nguyen Tuan Anh , Vu Ly P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRegulation of gene expression at the RNA level is an important regulatory mechanism in cancer. However, posttranscriptional molecular pathways underlying tumorigenesis remain largely unexplored. In this study, we uncovered a functional axis consisting of microRNA (miR)-148a-3p, RNA helicase DDX6, and its downstream target thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Using a DROSHA-knockout cell system to evaluate miR-mediated gene expression control, we comprehensively profiled putative transcripts regulated by miR-148a-3p and identified DDX6 as a direct target of miR-148a-3p in AML cells. DDX6 depletion induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and differentiation, although delaying leukemia development in vivo. Genome-wide assessment of DDX6-binding transcripts and gene expression profiling of DDX6-depleted cells revealed TXNIP, a tumor suppressor, as the functional downstream target of DDX6. Overall, our study identified DDX6 as a posttranscriptional regulator that is required for AML survival. We proposed the regulatory link between miR-148a-3p and DDX6 as a potential therapeutic target in leukemia.