bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardized reporting and quantification of whole-body MRI findings in children with chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis treated with pamidronate
Authors: Andreasen C. M. , Klicman R. F. , Herlin T. , Hauge E. M. , Jurik A. G. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The objectives were to assess changes in radiological disease activity in children with chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) receiving pamidronate therapy and to test a modified radiological index for non-bacterial osteitis (mRINBO) in CNO. mRINBO was used for standardized reporting and quantification of whole-body MRI (WBMRI) findings resulting in an individual summary patient score.

Methods
WBMRI was retrospectively assessed in 18 children with CNO at baseline and after receiving pamidronate therapy for one year. Parameters of interest were: number and anatomic site of radiologically active bone lesions (RAL), size of RAL, extramedullary affection, spinal involvement and changes in mRINBO, which includes both the number and maximal size of RAL (RALmax) in addition to extramedullary and chronic changes.

Results
At the time of diagnosis, the mean age of the children was 9.8 (sd, 8.7–10.9) years and 11/18 were females. The number of RALs per patient decreased from median [interquartile range] 4.5 [3–8] to 3 [2–5] RALs per patient (p = 0.02) and extramedullary inflammatory changes regressed. Sixty-one percent of all RALs occurring at baseline resolved and three children became without active inflammatory lesions by WBMRI. The median size of RALs did not change when taking new lesions occurring in 7/18 children into account, but RALmax decreased significantly from 39 [29–45] mm at baseline to 28 [20–40] mm (p < 0.01) at year-one with a concomitant decrease of mRINBO from a median of 5 [4–7] to 4 [3–5] (p = 0.05).

Conclusions
Pamidronate therapy resulted in a decrease of mRINBO from baseline to year one. mRINBO may be a potential scoring method to quantify changes in radiological disease activity in children with CNO. However, further studies are needed to test feasibility and validity of mRINBO.
Three-dimensional fracture mapping and analysis of coronal fractures in AO/OTA types 33-B3 and C3
Authors: Ding Yin , Wang Dong , Waheed Muhammad Zeeshan , Zhou Jun-Lin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Although the relatively high incidence of coronal fractures in the supracondylar–intercondylar fractures is well established, little is currently known about the morphology of those fractures. Herein, we characterized the coronal fractures in AO/OTA type 33-C3 and assessed their differences with Busch–Hoffa fractures (33-B3).

Methods
We retrospectively collected 61 cases of AO/OTA type 33-B or C fractures with coronal plane fragments and generated three-dimensional fracture maps of those with coronal fractures based on CT imaging and measured angle α (the angle between the coronal fracture and the posterior condyle axis in the axis plane) and angle β (the angle between the coronal fracture and the posterior femoral cortex in the sagittal plane).

Results
Thirty-three cases (32%) of AO/OTA type 33-C fractures contained coronal fragments. Most of them were type 33-C3 fractures. Angles α and β for type 33-C3 were significantly smaller than for type B3 at the lateral condyle, while the angles at the medial condyle were not significantly different. The fracture maps showed that the coronal fractures and the articular comminution area were more anterior in type 33-C3.

Conclusions
The incidence of coronal fractures was 32% and 67% in AO/OTA types 33-C and 33-C3, respectively. Our findings suggest that coronal fractures differed between both types, emphasizing the potential need for different treatment approaches.
Impact of health education intervention on demand of women for cervical cancer screening: a cluster-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abera Gerezgiher Buruh , Abebe Solomon Mekonen , Worku Abebaw Gebeyehu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer is considered preventable disease, though it is the second largest killer of women’s cancer in low and middle-income countries. Despite the government’s attempts to broaden screening facilities, the screening service utilization was poor. Our study evaluated the impact of health education intervention on women’s demand for cervical cancer screening.

Methods
Community-based cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in thirty district towns as clusters in Tigray region, Ethiopia. A total of 700 women aged 20 to 60 years were recruited for both groups using simple random sampling from April to July, 2018. After baseline data collection, health education intervention was given to the intervention group by trained health professionals using power point presentation and peer group discussion at the nearest health institution. The health education was given for three days followed by subsequent consultations for 6 months. The outcome variable was demand of women for cervical cancer screening. The intent-to-treat and per-protocol analysis were considered to evaluate the inflation of the loss to follow-up on effect size. Chi-square test was used to assess the difference of variables between control and intervention groups at baseline data. Finally, difference in difference analysis was used to see the true effect of the intervention on outcome variable.

Results
A total of 674 participants (340 in intervention and 334 in control groups) were able to complete the follow-up, making a response rate of 96.3%. At baseline, the differences in proportion of all outcome variables in control and intervention groups were not statistically significant. After follow-up, a statistically significant difference between control and intervention groups was observed in the proportion of willingness to screen (p value = 0.000), having plan to screen (p value = 0.000), ever screened (p value = 0.000), and the overall demand for cervical cancer screening (p value = 0.000). Finally, the impact of intervention was explained by the difference in differences in the proportion of willingness to screen (36.6%) (p value < 0.000), having plan to screen (14.6%) (p value < 0.000), ever screened (16.9%) (p value < 0.000), and overall demand for cervical cancer screening (36.9%) (p value < 0.000).

Conclusion
This study revealed that health education intervention could increase in overall demand of women for cervical cancer screening. Thus, it would be helpful to consider health education in health planning and service provision.

Trial registration
The registration number is PACTR201808126223676; date registered: 23 April 2018, and the type is “retrospectively registered.”
Ceftriaxone compared with penicillin G for the treatment of neurosyphilis: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Du Fang-Zhi , Wu Min-Zhi , Zhang Xu , Zhang Rui-Li , Wang Qian-Qiu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Neurosyphilis may cause irreversible neurological sequelae. First-line treatment consists of penicillin G, with ceftriaxone being an alternative treatment in patients allergic to penicillin. The lack of clinical data comparing the efficacy of these two drugs indicated the need for comparative clinical trials to improve national treatment guidelines in China.

Methods/design
In this multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial, 290 patients newly diagnosed with neurosyphilis will be randomized 1:1 to treatment with aqueous crystalline penicillin G (ACPG) or ceftriaxone. Patients will be treated with standard regimens of ACPG or ceftriaxone according to Chinese National Guidelines and will be followed up for 12 months. All clinical parameters will be assessed at baseline and at follow-up 3, 6, 9, and 12 months later. The primary outcomes will include cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell (WBC) count, serological efficacy, and clinical efficacy. The secondary outcomes will include CSF protein concentrations, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, imaging results, recurrence, and time to recovery from neurosyphilis. Adverse events will be monitored and recorded during the trial.

Discussion
This trial will provide clinical data to determine whether ceftriaxone is non inferior to ACPG in treating neurosyphilis and will provide evidence for the improvement of treatment guidelines.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100047164. Registered on 9 June 2021 and updated on 23 November 2021.
Physiological-based cord clamping in very preterm infants: the Aeration, Breathing, Clamping 3 (ABC3) trial—study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Knol Ronny , Brouwer Emma , van den Akker Thomas , DeKoninck Philip L. J. , Lopriore Enrico , Onland Wes , Vermeulen Marijn J. , van den Akker–van Marle M. Elske , van Bodegom–Vos Leti , de Boode Willem P. , van Kaam Anton H. , Reiss Irwin K. M. , Polglase Graeme R. , Hutten G. Jeroen , Prins Sandra A. , Mulder Estelle E. M. , Hulzebos Christian V. , van Sambeeck Sam J. , van der Putten Mayke E. , Zonnenberg Inge A. , Hooper Stuart B. , te Pas Arjan B. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

International guidelines recommend delayed umbilical cord clamping (DCC) up to 1 min in preterm infants, unless the condition of the infant requires immediate resuscitation. However, clamping the cord prior to lung aeration may severely limit circulatory adaptation resulting in a reduction in cardiac output and hypoxia. Delaying cord clamping until lung aeration and ventilation have been established (physiological-based cord clamping, PBCC) allows for an adequately established pulmonary circulation and results in a more stable circulatory transition. The decline in cardiac output following time-based delayed cord clamping (TBCC) may thus be avoided. We hypothesise that PBCC, compared to TBCC, results in a more stable transition in very preterm infants, leading to improved clinical outcomes. The primary objective is to compare the effect of PBCC on intact survival with TBCC.

Methods
The Aeriation, Breathing, Clamping 3 (ABC3) trial is a multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial. In the interventional PBCC group, the umbilical cord is clamped after the infant is stabilised, defined as reaching heart rate > 100 bpm and SpO2 > 85% while using supplemental oxygen < 40%. In the control TBCC group, cord clamping is time based at 30–60 s. The primary outcome is survival without major cerebral and/or intestinal injury. Preterm infants born before 30 weeks of gestation are included after prenatal parental informed consent. The required sample size is 660 infants.

Discussion
The findings of this trial will provide evidence for future clinical guidelines on optimal cord clamping management in very preterm infants at birth.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03808051. First registered on January 17, 2019.
Acute abdominal pain due to sigmoid volvulus with persistent descending mesocolon: a case report
Authors: Kato Hirotaka , Kinoshita Hiroyuki , Sakata Yoshifumi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Persistent descending mesocolon, an anomaly of fixation of the mesentery of the descending colon, can sometimes cause complications such as intestinal obstruction and intussusception. We present the first reported case of sigmoid volvulus with persistent descending mesocolon.

Case presentation
An 82-year-old Japanese man had intermittent lower abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography showed dilation and a shift to the right side of the sigmoid colon, but no findings of volvulus. The next day, he presented continuous lower abdominal pain with bloody stool. A second abdominal computed tomography showed strangulation and dilation of the sigmoid colon, with shift from the right side of the abdominal cavity to the pelvic space. This suggested the descending colon was running to the medial side with sigmoid volvulus. Emergency surgery was performed for volvulus with persistent descending mesocolon. Operative findings revealed dilation of the sigmoid colon with a partial poorly colored region and strangulation that caused volvulus. After releasing the strangulation of the sigmoid colon, the descending colon was revealed to be running more to the medial side, with adherence to small intestinal mesentery. There was no Toldt’s fusion fascia at the descending colon. Persistent descending mesocolon was therefore diagnosed due to abnormality of fixation of the descending colon. The sigmoid colon, including the poorly colored region, was resected and reconstructed, while the inferior mesenteric and left colonic arteries were preserved because of the complexity of the vascular system running around the descending and sigmoid colon due to the shortened mesentery. These findings were pathologically compatible with circulatory compromise and intestinal degeneration due to sigmoid volvulus. The patient had no complications after discharge, including in relation to defecation.

Conclusion
Persistent descending mesocolon can occasionally cause acute abdominal symptoms requiring immediate treatment. A computed tomography finding of the descending colon running more to the medial side than ordinary cases can aid diagnosis of persistent descending mesocolon.
The operational matrix of Chebyshev polynomials for solving pantograph-type Volterra integro-differential equations
Authors: Ji Tianfu , Hou Jianhua , Yang Changqing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this work, the Chebyshev collocation scheme is extended for the Volterra integro-differential equations of pantograph type. First, we construct the operational matrices of pantograph and derivative based on Chebyshev polynomials. Also, the obtained operational matrices are utilized to approximate the derivatives of unknown functions. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of convergence is discussed in the weighted square norm. We conduct some numerical experiments to verify the high performance of the suggested numerical approach. The results show that the computational scheme is accurate.
Study of damage control strategy for non-traumatic diseases: a single-center observational study
Authors: Nakamura Fumiko , Yui Rintaro , Onoe Atsunori , Kishimoto Masanobu , Sakuramoto Kazuhito , Muroya Takashi , Kajino Kentaro , Ikegawa Hitoshi , Kuwagata Yasuyuki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Damage control strategy (DCS) has been introduced not only for trauma but also for acute abdomen, but its indications and usefulness have not been clarified. We examined clinical characteristics of patients who underwent DCS and compared clinical characteristics and results with and without DCS in patients with septic shock.

Methods
We targeted a series of endogenous abdominal diseases in Kansai Medical University Hospital from April 2013 to March 2019. Clinical characteristics of 26 patients who underwent DCS were examined. Then, clinical characteristics and results were compared between the DCS group (n = 26) and non-DCS group (n = 31) in 57 patients with septic shock during the same period.

Results
All 26 patients who underwent DCS had septic shock, low mean arterial pressure (MAP) before the start of surgery, and required high-dose norepinephrine administration intraoperatively. Their discharge mortality rate was 12%. Among the patients with septic shock, the DCS group had a higher SOFA score (P = 0.008) and MAP was lower preoperatively, but it did not increase even with intraoperative administration of large amounts of fluid replacement and vasoconstrictor. There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality and discharge mortality between the two groups.

Conclusions
DCS may be useful in patients with severe septic shock.
Analysis of long-term prices of micronutrient-dense and starchy staple foods in developing countries
Authors: Alioma Richard , Zeller Manfred , Ling Yee Khor 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe continued price increase in food commodities has long been a concern to academia and policymakers because of its substantial impact on poor consumers. Existing literature has concentrated on the cost of micronutrient-dense and starchy staple foods and the price rise in different commodities. Yet, the long-term price growth of micronutrient-dense and starchy staple foods and the price growth gap between micronutrient-dense foods and starchy staple foods have not been given much attention. The paper aimed to estimate the long-term trends in prices and volatility of micronutrient-dense and starchy staples and identify factors that have sustained the growth in prices of food commodities in developing countries. We have used the autoregressive and panel autoregressive distributed lag models to analyse the trends in relative prices and the effects of income growth. The results showed that micronutrient-dense food prices in real terms grew on average by 0.03% per month more than starchy staple food prices, with the expectation of a 12% growth gap in the next 30 years. The volatility of micronutrient-dense food items exceeds starchy staple foods in most domestic markets. Also, the prices of micronutrient-dense foods were more volatile in international markets than in most developing countries. Income growth in developing countries was one of the factors that contributed to the declining relative price of micronutrient-dense food commodities. Other factors, such as the high production of staple foods and their price stabilization policies, may have caused price trends to persist. Policies that enhance price stabilization for micronutrient-dense foods, supplementation, fortification, dietary diversity, and nutrition-sensitive interventions such as biofortification may be adopted in developing countries.
Validity and reliability of a french version of the olfactory disorders questionnaire
Authors: Lechien Jérôme R. , Vaira Luigi A. , Le Bon Serge D. , Geerts Roxane , Boscolo-Rizzo Paolo , Saussez Sven 
Published: October 2022

Objective To validate a French version of the Olfactory Disorders Questionnaire (Fr-ODQ). Methods Patients with olfactory disorder (OD) and controls were enrolled from two medical centers. Individuals completed the Fr-ODQ and the French version of the sinonasal outcome tool-22 (SNOT-22). The extended Sniffin'Sticks procedure was used to test odor Threshold, Discrimination, and Identification (TDI). Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the internal consistency of Fr-ODQ. The reliability and the external validity were evaluated through a test–retest approach and by correlating Fr-ODQ and SNOT-22 scores. Results Eighty-nine patients with OD and 65 healthy individuals completed the evaluations. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.827, reporting adequate internal consistency. The test–retest reliability was high ( r s = 0.944, p = 0.001). The external validity was adequate regarding the significant correlation between Fr-ODQ and SNOT-22 ( r s = 0.498; p = 0.001). Patients with OD reported a significant higher score of Fr-ODQ than healthy individuals ( p < 0.001), indicating a high internal validity. The baseline Fr-ODQ significantly improved after 3-month olfactory training, which corroborated the improvement of TDI scores. Conclusion The Fr-ODQ is the first patient-reported outcome questionnaire validated for French speaking patients. Fr-ODQ is reliable and valid for the evaluation of the olfactory dysfunction and the related impact on quality of life of French-speaking patients.
Interventionist vs. interactionist models of dynamic assessment (DA) in the EFL classroom: impacts on speaking accuracy and fluency (SAF), foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA), and foreign language learning motivation (FLLM)
Authors: Ritonga Mahyudin , Farhangi Fariba , Ajanil Bemnet , Farid Khafaga Ayman 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn spite of their pivotal role in language learning, psychological variables involved in language learning have received less attention in empirical research. Therefore, this paper tried to inspect the effects of interventionist DA, interactionist DA, and non-DA on EFL students’ SAF, FLCA, and FLLM. To achieve this goal, 78 respondents were chosen and randomly separated into three groups: EG1 (interactionist DA), EG2 (interventionist DA), and CG (non-DA). Before starting the treatment, the participants’ SAF, FLCA, and FLCM were checked through three related pretests. As the treatment, the non-DA students were given specific topics, and they were asked to discuss them without any DA-oriented interventions. The EG1 was evaluated and provided with the needed help by interaction-oriented DA techniques, whereas the EG2 was trained by DA-oriented instruction following Lantolf and Poehner’s (Language Teaching Research 15: 11–33, 2011) scales to measure and aid the students’ speaking ability in their discussions. At the end of the study, the post-tests of SAF, FLCA, and FLLM were administered to check the impacts of the treatment. Analyzing the data through one-way ANOVA tests, it was revealed the two models of DA (i.e., interactionist and interventionist) had a significant positive effect on EFL learners’ SAF. Moreover, it was revealed that both DA models not only increased the EFL learners’ motivation but also lowered their FLCA. This research has multiple implications for both EFL learners and teachers.
A review on morphotropic phase boundary in fluorite-structure hafnia towards DRAM technology
Authors: Jung Minhyun , Gaddam Venkateswarlu , Jeon Sanghun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the present hyper-scaling era, memory technology is advancing owing to the demand for high-performance computing and storage devices. As a result, continuous work on conventional semiconductor-process-compatible ferroelectric memory devices such as ferroelectric field-effect transistors, ferroelectric random-access memory, and dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) cell capacitors is ongoing. To operate high-performance computing devices, high-density, high-speed, and reliable memory devices such as DRAMs are required. Consequently, considerable attention has been devoted to the enhanced high dielectric constant and reduced equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of DRAM cell capacitors. The advancement of ferroelectric hafnia has enabled the development of various devices, such as ferroelectric memories, piezoelectric sensors, and energy harvesters. Therefore, in this review, we focus the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) between ferroelectric orthorhombic and tetragonal phases, where we can achieve a high dielectric constant and thereby reduce the EOT. We also present the role of the MPB in perovskite and fluorite structures as well as the history of the MPB phase. We also address the different approaches for achieving the MPB phase in a hafnia material system. Subsequently, we review the critical issues in DRAM technology using hafnia materials. Finally, we present various applications of the hafnia material system near the MPB, such as memory, sensors, and energy harvesters.

Graphical Abstract