bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized Phase II Study of Two Doses of Pixantrone in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer (NCCTG N1031, Alliance)
Authors: Sideras Kostandinos , Hillman David W , Giridhar Karthik , Ginos Brenda F , Tenglin Richard C , Liu Heshan , Chen Beiyun , Tan Winston , Gross Gerald G , Mowat Rex B , Dueck Amylou C , Perez Edith A , Moreno-Aspitia Alvaro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Anthracycline use in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is hindered by cumulative exposure limits and risk of cardiotoxicity. Pixantrone, a novel aza-anthracenedione with structural similarities to mitoxantrone and anthracyclines, is theorized to exhibit less cardiotoxicity, mainly due to lack of iron binding. We conducted a randomized phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 2 dosing schedules of pixantrone in patients with refractory HER2-negative MBC.

Methods
Intravenous pixantrone was administered at 180 mg/m2 every 3 weeks (group A) versus 85 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle (group B). Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) and secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), median 6-month PFS, overall survival (OS), safety, quality of life, and serial assessment of circulating tumor cells. A 20% ORR was targeted as sufficient for further testing of pixantrone in this patient population.

Results
Forty-five patients were evaluable, with 2 confirmed partial responses in group A and 1 in group B. The trial was terminated due to insufficient activity. Overall median PFS and OS were 2.8 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.0-4.1) and 16.8 (95% CI: 8.9-21.6) months, respectively. Notable overall grade 3-4 adverse events were the following: neutrophil count decrease (62%), fatigue (16%), and decrease in ejection fraction (EF) (4%).

Conclusion
Pixantrone has insufficient activity in the second- and third-line MBC setting. It appears, however, to have limited cardiotoxicity. (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01086605).
Characteristics of Anaplastic Oligodendrogliomas Short-Term Survivors: A POLA Network Study
Authors: Garnier Louis , Vidal Chrystelle , Chinot Olivier , Cohen-Jonathan Moyal Elisabeth , Djelad Apolline , Bronnimann Charlotte , Bekaert Lien , Taillandier Luc , Frenel Jean-Sébastien , Langlois Olivier , Colin Philippe , Menei Philippe , Dhermain Frédéric , Carpentier Catherine , Gerazime Aurélie , Curtit Elsa , Figarella-Branger Dominique , Dehais Caroline , Ducray François 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas IDH-mutant and 1p/19q codeleted (AO) occasionally have a poor outcome. Herein we aimed at analyzing their characteristics.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics of 44 AO patients with a cancer-specific survival &lt;5 years (short-term survivors, STS) and compared them with those of 146 AO patients with a survival ≥5 years (classical survivors, CS) included in the POLA network.

Results
Compared to CS, STS were older (P = .0001), less frequently presented with isolated seizures (P &lt; .0001), more frequently presented with cognitive dysfunction (P &lt; .0001), had larger tumors (P = .= .003), a higher proliferative index (P = .= .0003), and a higher number of chromosomal arm abnormalities (P = .= .02). Regarding treatment, STS less frequently underwent a surgical resection than CS (P = .= .0001) and were more frequently treated with chemotherapy alone (P = .= .009) or with radiotherapy plus temozolomide (P = .= .05). Characteristics independently associated with STS in multivariate analysis were cognitive dysfunction, a number of mitosis &gt; 8, and the absence of tumor resection. Based on cognitive dysfunction, type of surgery, and number of mitosis, patients could be classified into groups of standard (18%) and high (62%) risk of &lt;5 year survival.

Conclusion
The present study suggests that although STS poor outcome appears to largely result from a more advanced disease at diagnosis, surgical resection may be particularly important in this population.
Multinational Banks and Financial Stability
Authors: Clayton Christopher , Schaab Andreas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We study the scope for international cooperation in macroprudential policies. Multinational banks contribute to and are affected by fire sales in countries they operate in. National governments setting quantity regulations noncooperatively fail to achieve the globally efficient outcome, underregulating domestic banks and overregulating foreign banks. Surprisingly, noncooperative national governments using revenue-generating Pigouvian taxation can achieve the global optimum. Intuitively, this occurs because governments internalize the business value of foreign banks through the tax revenue collected. Our theory provides a unified framework to think about international bank regulations and yields concrete insights with the potential to improve on the current policy stance.
Temporal relationships between device-derived sedentary behavior, physical activity, and sleep in early childhood
Authors: St. Laurent Christine W , Andre Chloe , Holmes Jennifer F , Fields Nicole D , Spencer Rebecca M C 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
Understanding the ideal composition of a child’s day requires a better understanding of the relations between wake behaviors (sedentary behavior [SB], physical activity [PA]) and sleep. Here, we examine between- and within-person temporal associations between daytime wake behaviors and overnight sleep in early childhood, an important age when healthy behaviors are initiated and 24-hour behaviors are largely determined by caregivers.

Methods
Daily, repeated measures of wake behavior and overnight sleep were assessed via wrist-worn actigraphy (mean = 9 days/nights) in 240 children (50.8 ± 9.8 months). Multilevel models with lagged effects were used to examine the temporal associations between wake and overnight sleep measures and adjusted for daily nap duration, age, sex, and socioeconomic status.

Results
Between-person associations for sleep outcomes were negative between moderate-to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) and total activity for sleep efficiency (SE). Between-person associations for wake outcomes were positive between sleep duration and light PA, and negative between SE and both MVPA and total PA. When children obtained higher SE relative to their individual average, they were more likely to engage in less SB and greater MVPA and total PA the next day.

Conclusions
Generally, days with greater activity or sleep were not associated with greater subsequent sleep or PA. Most subsequent behaviors were not influenced by children achieving higher activity or sleep relative to their individual average levels, although higher SE was beneficially associated with next day wake behaviors. Future analyses with young children should consider within-person associations and could investigate lagged effects beyond one day.
COVID-19 and First Responder Social Workers: An Unexpected Mental Health Storm
Authors: Davies Holly , Cheung Monit 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 has disproportionally affected people living in poverty; new immigrants; and those living in healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, and nursing homes), shelters, detention centers, and prisons. The pandemic has also significantly impacted social workers who face hidden mental health consequences. The resultant feelings and behaviors are similar to disaster-induced trauma, including excessive rumination, hypervigilance, exhaustion, and excessive crying as a result of the adrenaline-driven fight-or-flight response. This article aims to provide information for social workers to protect their own mental health while caring for their clients and raise awareness about social workers’ needs in frontline duties. It summarizes five challenges for first responder social workers: (1) COVID-19 impacts on resource constraints, (2) employment insecurity, (3) disenfranchised guilt, (4) physical distancing and caution fatigue, and (5) managing self-care. The article offers recommendations to ameliorate distress and promote advocacy efforts for readjustment. As COVID-19 cases continue to rise, social workers who provide essential care in the field need self-assessment to better understand the impacts these challenges have on them as helpers. The article ends with recommendations to encourage social workers to apply the strengths-based approach to exemplify their professional values in times of pandemic distress.
Post-drought conditions and hydraulic dysfunction determine tree resilience and mortality across Mediterranean Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) populations after an extreme drought event
Authors: Morcillo L , Muñoz-Rengifo J C , Torres-Ruiz J M , Delzon S , Moutahir H , Vilagrosa A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Drought-related tree mortality is a global phenomenon that currently affects a wide range of forests. Key functional variables on plant hydraulics, carbon economy, growth and allocation have been identified and play a role in tree drought responses. However, tree mortality thresholds based on such variables are difficult to identify, especially under field conditions. We studied several Aleppo pine populations differently affected by an extreme drought event in 2014, with mortality rates ranging from no mortality to 90% in the most severely affected population. We hypothesized that mortality is linked with high levels of xylem embolism, i.e., hydraulic dysfunction, which would also lead to lower tree resistance to drought in subsequent years. Despite not finding any differences among populations in the vulnerability curves to xylem embolism, there were large differences in the hydraulic safety margin (HSM) and the hydraulic dysfunction level. High mortality rates were associated with a negative HSM when xylem embolism reached values over 60%. We also found forest weakening and post-drought mortality related to a low hydraulic water transport capacity, reduced plant growth, low carbohydrate contents and high pest infestation rates. Our results highlight the importance of drought severity and the hydraulic dysfunction level on pine mortality, as well as post-drought conditions during recovery processes.
Temperature acclimation of net photosynthesis and its underlying component processes in four tropical tree species
Authors: Wittemann Maria , Andersson Mats X , Ntirugulirwa Bonaventure , Tarvainen Lasse , Wallin Göran , Uddling Johan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The effect of temperature change on leaf physiology has been extensively studied in temperate trees and to some extent in boreal and tropical tree species. While increased temperature typically stimulates leaf CO2 assimilation and tree growth in high-altitude ecosystems, tropical species are often negatively affected. These trees may operate close to their temperature optima and have a limited thermal acclimation capacity due to low seasonal and historical variation in temperature. To test this hypothesis, we studied the extent to which the temperature sensitivities of leaf photosynthesis and respiration acclimate to growth temperature in four common African tropical tree species. Tree seedlings native to different altitudes and therefore adapted to different growth temperatures were cultivated at three different temperatures in climate-controlled chambers. We estimated the acclimation capacity of the temperature sensitivities of light-saturated net photosynthesis, the maximum rates of Rubisco carboxylation (Vcmax) and thylakoid electron transport (J), and dark respiration. Leaf thylakoid membrane lipid composition, nitrogen content and leaf mass per area were also analyzed. Our results showed that photosynthesis in tropical tree species acclimated to higher growth temperatures, but that this was weakest in the species originating from the coolest climate. The temperature optimum of J acclimated significantly in three species and variation in J was linked to changes in the thylakoid membrane lipid composition. For Vcmax, there was only evidence of significant acclimation of optimal temperature in the lowest elevation species. Respiration acclimated to maintain homeostasis at growth temperature in all four species. Our results suggest that the lowest elevation species is better physiologically adapted to acclimate to high growth temperatures than the highest elevation species, indicating a potential shift in competitive balance and tree community composition to the disadvantage of montane tree species in a warmer world.
Ulnar Epiphysiodesis: Success of the Index Procedure
Authors: Campbell Tanner , Faulk L. Wade , Vossler Kristen , Goodrich Ezra , Lalka Andy , Sibbel Sarah E. , Sinclair Micah K. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Premature radial physeal closure is a relatively rare occurrence in children. When isolated growth arrest of the radius with continued ulnar growth occurs, the resulting ulnar positive deformity leads to altered wrist mechanics and pain. Timely epiphysiodesis of the distal ulna with and without ulnar shortening osteotomy can address these issues, but continued ulnar overgrowth is a possible complication. We seek to evaluate the success rate of the primary epiphysiodesis of the ulna and associated clinical outcomes.

Methods:
A chart review was conducted at 2 children’s hospitals from 2008 to 2019. Patients between the ages of 6 and 18 years old, with premature distal radius physeal closure, with or without positive ulnar variance, and >2 months follow-up were included. We evaluated the following characteristics for each patient: demographics, initial cause of premature radial physeal closure, ulnar variance, additional procedures performed during epiphysiodesis, preoperative and postoperative pain, range of motion, instability. Summary statistics were conducted and expressed as proportions, medians and means. A paired t test evaluated change in ulnar variance for those who had an ulnar shortening osteotomy performed.

Results:
Thirty-one wrists among 30 patients were identified, and the median age at the time of surgery was 12.2 years (interquartile range: 3.4). Ulnar shortening osteotomies were performed in 53.1% of cases and distal radius osteotomy in 15.6%. Bone graft was utilized in 25.8% of the epiphysiodesis procedures. There were 2 failures of primary epiphysiodesis indicating an index success rate of 93.7%. The average ulnar variance correction was 3.1 mm (95% confidence interval: 1.9, 4.4). The mean physeal time to closure was 134 days. Preoperative symptoms were resolved for 90.6% cases at final follow-up.

Conclusion:
Ulnar epiphysiodesis successfully terminates ulnar physeal growth in 93.7% of cases. Preoperative symptoms were completely resolved with a median physeal closure of just over 4 months. Ulnar variance was corrected on average by 4.1 mm when a radial or ulnar shortening osteotomy was performed at the time of epiphysiodesis.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case series.
FROSTED BRANCH ANGIITIS ASSOCIATED WITH MIXED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE
Authors: Cui Peter Z. , Chong Elaine W. , Campbell Thomas G. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
To present a case of frosted branch angiitis associated with an exacerbation of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD).

Methods:
Single case report.

Results:
A 31-year-old woman presented with a flare of her long-standing MCTD after a change in her immunosuppressive medications. She developed blurred vision and floaters first in the left eye but eventually in both eyes. Fundoscopy showed patchy perivascular sheathing of tertiary branch venules surrounded by retinal hemorrhages characterized as frosted branch angiitis. The patient's MCTD symptoms and retinal vasculitis improved with continued immunosuppressive therapy. At 1-month follow-up, her visual acuity had improved to 20/20 bilaterally with complete resolution on fundoscopy.

Conclusion:
To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of frosted branch angiitis seen in association with MCTD. The improvement in the patient's visual acuity and fundoscopic findings in this case supports the role of immunosuppressive therapy to treat secondary frosted branch angiitis associated with an autoimmune condition such as MCTD. However, it is recommended that a comprehensive medical workup is performed to exclude an infective cause, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Health Care Worker Burnout During the COVID-19 Pandemic in HIV Clinics in Guangxi, China: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Risk and Protective Factors
Authors: Qiao Shan , Sun Shufang , Tam Cheuk Chi , Li Xiaoming , Zhou Yuejiao , Shen Zhiyong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Dual epidemics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and HIV cause burnout among HIV health care workers. Guided by a socioecological framework, we investigated risk and protective factors of their burnout in Guangxi, China based on an online survey (N = 1,029) from April to May 2020. Descriptive and bivariate analyses and hierarchical regression were conducted. COVID-19–related stressors (B = 0.648 [0.482–0.816], p < .001), challenges while delivering HIV services (B = 0.236 [0.174–0.298], p < .001), and working in province/city-level institutes (B = 2.302, [0.828–3.776], p =.002) were risk factors. Protective factors were resilience (B = −0.596 [−0.687 to −0.504], p < .001), workplace social support (B = −0.410 [−0.717 to −0.044], p =.03), and institutional responsiveness to COVID-19 (B = −0.138 [−0.205 to −0.071], p < .001), respectively. Burnout-related interventions may benefit from promoting resilience, creating a supportive work environment, and strengthening institutional response to public health emergencies.
COVID-19 Vaccination and Communicable Disease Testing Services’ Integration Within a Syringe Services Program: A Program Brief
Authors: Heidari Omeid , Meyer Diane , O'Conor Katie J. , Cargill Victoria , Patch Michelle , Farley Jason E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
People who inject drugs often have a higher prevalence of risk factors associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and associated morbidity and mortality, compounded by challenges in health care access. This increased vulnerability underscores the critical need to prioritize people who inject drug in ongoing COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Co-location of syringe services, COVID-19 vaccination services, and other communicable disease testing has proved an effective model to provide necessary interventions without creating additional barriers. Here, we describe a partnership between the Baltimore City Health Department, Johns Hopkins Mobile Vaccine Unit, and the Center for Infectious Disease and Nursing Innovation at the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing to provide COVID-19 vaccination, HIV and sexually transmitted infection testing, wound care, and linkage to care services co-located with a long-running syringe services program. We describe the services offered by each partner and lessons learned from this community-based co-location of services initiative.
Analyzing the Effect of Varus Forefoot Wedge in Addition to Arch Support on Self-Reported Pain, Function, and Quality of Life in Patients with Moderate Hallux Valgus: A Pilot Study
Authors: Norouzi Ehsan , Bagheri Mahtab , Alafchi Behnaz , Tafti Nahid 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The hallux valgus, a painful forefoot deformity, is defined as lateral deviation of the hallux, which is highly correlated with forefoot pronation. This study aimed to compare the effect of two types of foot orthoses, one with and one without a varus forefoot wedge, on self-reported outcomes of pain, function, and QOL (by FAOS questionnaire) in patients with moderate hallux valgus.

Materials and Methods
Sixteen patients with hallux valgus were assigned to two equal groups randomly in a before-after trial.

Results
The within-group comparison showed significant improvements in all subscales of the FAOS questionnaire for both groups (P < 0.05). The between-group analysis showed no statistically significant difference.

Conclusions
It seems the addition of varus forefoot wedge to foot orthoses may have no adverse effect on self-reported outcomes.

Clinical Relevance
It seems in conservative treatment of hallux valgus by medical insoles to correct forefoot pronation may be useful for relieving pain.
The current state of patient-to-provider communication of childhood adversity in primary care
Authors: Strauch Kimberly A. , Carrington Jane M. , Pace Thaddeus W. W. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
There is a wealth of literature focused on the task of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) screening; however, little literature exists describing the broader process of ACE-related communication, specifically between nurse practitioners (NPs) and adult primary care patients. Consequently, there is no standardized process for communicating about ACEs in primary care and significant gaps remain related to how, when, and where these conversations occur.

Objectives:
To systematically examine peer-reviewed published literature from 2011 to 2021 to describe the current state of patient-to-provider communication about ACEs in primary care.

Data sources:
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a focused literature search for the dates January 1, 2011 through January 1, 2021 using the search engines CINAHL, PubMed, Ovid, and PsycINFO with inclusion criteria of “adverse childhood experiences,” “communication,” and “primary care” provided boundaries for this systematic review.

Conclusions:
Findings revealed that effective communication about childhood adversity is an integral and understated element when addressing ACE exposure among adult primary care patients. Further research focused on how primary care NPs apply the concepts of effective communication while providing clinical care to adults with histories of childhood adversity is warranted.

Implications for practice:
This systematic review will serve as a catalyst for informing future research, theory development, and curricular initiatives focused on enhancing communication between primary care NPs and adult patients with histories of childhood adversity. From a clinical perspective, this will illuminate opportunities to develop NP-centered approaches that emphasize identification, interpretation, documentation, and development of individual, ACE-specific interventions among adults with ACE exposure in primary care.