bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Azacitidine and donor lymphocytes infusions in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome relapsed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from alternative donors
Authors: Liberatore Carmine , Stanghellini Maria Teresa Lupo , Lorentino Francesca , Vago Luca , Carrabba Matteo Giovanni , Greco Raffaella , Marktel Sarah , Assanelli Andrea , Farina Francesca , Corti Consuelo , Bernardi Massimo , Peccatori Jacopo , Sockel Katja , Middeke Jan Moritz , Schetelig Johannes , Bergmann Anika , Rautenberg Christina , Ciceri Fabio , Bornhäuser Martin , Schroeder Thomas , Stölzel Friedrich 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Azacitidine (AZA) either single-agent or with donor lymphocytes infusions (DLI) has been used as a salvage treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) relapsing after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). To date, the majority of data come from patients relapsed after HSCT from full-matched donors. Methods: We report a multicenter, collaborative, retrospective analysis of 71 patients with hematologic ( n = 40, 56%) and molecular relapse ( n = 31, 44%) of myeloid neoplasms after HSCT from alternative donors (mismatched unrelated, n = 39, 55%; haploidentical, n = 29, 41%) consecutively treated at three European centers with AZA ± DLI. Results: Median time from HSCT to relapse was 9 months. Additional DLI were given to 33 patients (46%). After a median of four cycles, overall response rate (ORR) was 49% and complete response (CR) rate was 38%. CR lasted for a median of 17 months (range 5–89 months). Median follow-up in the entire cohort was 11 months (range 1–115 months). Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) at 1 year were 26% and 53%, respectively. Treatment of molecular relapse granted higher CR rate (65% versus 15%; p  = 0.0001), 1-year EFS (43% versus 13%; p = 0.006), and 1-year OS (79% versus 34%; p < 0.001) compared to hematologic relapses. Addition of DLI resulted in significantly higher responses and longer 1-year EFS and OS (Mantel–Byar test, p = 0.004 and p  = 0.002, respectively). When applied to our cohort, the APSS-R score confirmed its ability to stratify patients into distinct prognostic groups with significantly different response rates ( p  = 0.0005) and survival ( p < 0.0001). Treatment was well tolerated, with the incidence of late acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease of 27% and 18%, respectively. Conclusion: AZA ± DLI proved feasible and effective in AML and MDS relapsing after HSCT from alternative donors. Despite modest efficacy among hematologic relapses, pre-emptive treatment with AZA ± DLI fared better in molecular relapse. Additional DLI contributed to improving efficacy and ensuring longer survival.
OASIS 2: Mobility differences with specific prosthetic feet across procedure codes
Authors: Miller Taavy A , Campbell James H. , England Dwiesha L. , Stevens Phillip M. , Wurdeman Shane R. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction Recently, many prosthetic devices were subjected to reimbursement coding review. Several prosthetic feet that were historically coded with the shock-attenuating function were recoded. The purpose of this analysis was to compare patient-reported functional mobility across a range of prosthetic feet using real-world clinical outcomes data. Methods A retrospective, observational review. A univariate generalized linear model was used to assess mobility across foot categories and between different prosthetic feet coded as L5987 or L5981. Results The final sample analyzed comprised of 526 individuals and four mutually exclusive categories of feet examined across a total of 10 different prosthetic foot types. The comparison of prosthetic foot categories were significantly different from the control category (i.e. historically L5981). Conclusions The current data suggest the development of some prosthetic foot designs using advanced materials and geometric designs can provide comparable functional benefits as those with distinct shock absorbing mechanical features. Emphasizing functional performance over visible features may be a pathway towards higher performance for the end user.
Effect of High-Riding Vertebral Artery on the Accuracy and Safety of C2 Pedicle Screw Placement in Basilar Invagination and Related Risk Factors
Authors: Zhou Lu-Ping , Zhang Ren-Jie , Zhang Hua-Qing , Jiang Zhen-Fei , Shang Jin , Shen Cai-Liang 
Published: June 2022

Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Objective To investigate the effect of HRVA on the intrapedicular accuracy of C2PS placement through the freehand method in patients with BI and analyse the possible risk factors for C2PS malpositioning. Method A total of 91 consecutive patients with BI who received 174 unilateral C2PS placements through the freehand method were retrospectively included. The unilateral pedicles were assigned to the HRVA and non-HRVA groups. The primary outcome was the intrapedicular accuracy of C2PS placement in accordance with the Gertzbein–Robbins scale. Moreover, the risk factors that possibly affected intrapedicular accuracy were assessed. Results The rate of intrapedicular accuracy in C2PS placement in patients with BI was 23.6%. Results showed that the non-HRVA group had remarkably higher rates of optimal and clinically acceptable C2PS placement than the HRVA group. Nevertheless, the HRVA group exhibited similar results for grade B classification as the non-HRVA group. Moreover, in the HRVA and non-HRVA groups, the most common direction of screw deviations was the lateral direction. Furthermore, the multivariate analyses showed that the obliquity of the lateral atlantoaxial joint in the sagittal plane ≥15°, and that in the coronal plane ≥ 20°, isthmus height < 4.3 mm, and distance from the skin to the spinous process ≥ 2.8 cm independently contributed to a high rate of screw malpositioning in BI patients. Conclusion The presence of HRVA in BI patients contributed to the high rate of malpositioning in C2PS placement via the freehand method. However, the rates of intrapedicular accuracy in patients with BI with and without HRVA were considerably low.
Mechanical properties of hybrid joints in timber structures
Authors: Imakawa Kosuke , Ochiai Yo , Aoki Kenji , Hori Naruhito , Takemura Akio , Yamaguchi Tetsuo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMechanical joints with screws or bolts are widely employed in timber structures and are known to provide high toughness. However, they result in low stiffness, which is a representative limitation of wood structural joints. In this study, we investigated the mechanical properties of hybrid joints comprising mechanical and adhesive joints, to prevent the decrease in stiffness while maintaining high toughness. Wood and steel plates were joined with screws and adhesives, and their stiffness, bearing capacity, and fracture energy were evaluated by lap-shear tests. We inferred that the stiffness and bearing capacity of the hybrid joints change with the type of adhesive used, while the fracture energy primarily depends on the diameter of the screws. Interestingly, when the adhesive strength was too large, a decrease in the fracture energy was observed because the precursory rupture of the adhesive joint triggered the wood failure in the fastened regions and lead to the early pull-out of the screws. To suppress such decrease and early pull-out, an adhesive fillet, i.e., the coating of the adhesive onto a larger area than that of the steel plate, was investigated. Accordingly, we successfully improved the toughness. Our results suggest the importance of optimal designs for the hybrid joint in timber structures.
Study on in-plane shear failure mode of cross-laminated timber panel
Authors: Zhou Yuhao , Shen Zhaoyu , Li Haitao , Lu Yao , Wang Zheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo explore in-plane shear failure mode of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panel, this paper carried out relevant research work from the perspective of stress analysis and combined with the crack morphology of the specimen after planar shear. In this study, the load–displacement curve of the hemlock [Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière] CLT specimen was obtained by a three-point bending test or an improved planar shear test, the crack morphology of the CLT vertical layer and the azimuth angle of the crack surface were observed and recorded synchronously. The shear strength values of CLT specimens under the two tests were obtained by corresponding calculation. Then the stress analysis of the CLT vertical layer was combined with the azimuth angle of the crack surface to discuss the failure mode of the CLT vertical layer in planar shear. The results showed that the planar shear strength measured by the three-point bending test and the improved planar shear test was in good agreement, and the results measured by the improved planar shear test were more dispersed than those measured by the three-point bending test; Considering the approximation that the in-plane shear of the CLT vertical layer could be treated as pure shear, the three-point bending test was better than the improved planar shear test; For the vertical layer of 63.3% CLT specimens, the azimuth of the crack surface was near the azimuth of the first principal plane obtained by stress analysis; There were two failure modes in the CLT vertical layer in-plane shear: tension failure and shear failure.
Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography assessment of retinal and choroidal changes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a case-control study
Authors: Abrishami Mojtaba , Daneshvar Ramin , Emamverdian Zahra , Saeedian Neda , Tohidinezhad Fariba , Eslami Saeid , Ansari-Astaneh Mohammad-Reza 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the retinal and choroidal changes in the macular region of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) using structural spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) analysis.

Methods
This cross-sectional observational case-control study included patients recovered from COVID-19. The COVID-19 in all participants was confirmed using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. The participants had mild to moderate degree of disease without a history of hospitalization, steroid usage, or blood saturation below 92%. Macular SD-OCT was performed at least two weeks and up to one month after recovery from systemic COVID-19. Quantitative and qualitative changes detected by macular SD-OCT imaging were evaluated in COVID-19 recovered patients and compared with the results of age-matched normal controls.

Results
Participants in this study included 30 cases (60 eyes) and 60 healthy controls (120 eyes). In total, 17 (28.3%) eyes in patient group showed at least one abnormal finding indicated by macular SD-OCT imaging included hyperreflective lesions in different retinal layers. In addition, dilated choroidal vessels and retinal pigment epitheliopathy were evident in 41 (68.3.6%) and 4 (6.6%) eyes in patient group, respectively, and their OCT findings resembled those with pachychoroid spectrum. No statistically significant differences were observed in retinal layers or retinal volume between the two groups. The mean ± SD subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was determined at 380.3 ± 12.40 μm, which was significantly thicker than that in control group (310.7 ± 57.5 μm) (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Regarding retinal thickness, no significant change was observed in different retina layers of patients with COVID-19; however, there were striking qualitative changes, such as hyperreflective lesions in different retinal layers. The evaluation of choroidal structure and thickness demonstrated remarkable abnormal pachyvessels and significant thickening of the SFCT but the clinical significance of these findings is unknown.
G4Boost: a machine learning-based tool for quadruplex identification and stability prediction
Authors: Cagirici H. Busra , Budak Hikmet , Sen Taner Z. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
G-quadruplexes (G4s), formed within guanine-rich nucleic acids, are secondary structures involved in important biological processes. Although every G4 motif has the potential to form a stable G4 structure, not every G4 motif would, and accurate energy-based methods are needed to assess their structural stability. Here, we present a decision tree-based prediction tool, G4Boost, to identify G4 motifs and predict their secondary structure folding probability and thermodynamic stability based on their sequences, nucleotide compositions, and estimated structural topologies.

Results
G4Boost predicted the quadruplex folding state with an accuracy greater then 93% and an F1-score of 0.96, and the folding energy with an RMSE of 4.28 and R2 of 0.95 only by the means of sequence intrinsic feature. G4Boost was successfully applied and validated to predict the stability of experimentally-determined G4 structures, including for plants and humans.

Conclusion
G4Boost outperformed the three machine-learning based prediction tools, DeepG4, Quadron, and G4RNA Screener, in terms of both accuracy and F1-score, and can be highly useful for G4 prediction to understand gene regulation across species including plants and humans.
Normalization of gene expression data revisited: the three viewpoints of the transcriptome in human skeletal muscle undergoing load-induced hypertrophy and why they matter
Authors: Khan Yusuf , Hammarström Daniel , Ellefsen Stian , Ahmad Rafi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The biological relevance and accuracy of gene expression data depend on the adequacy of data normalization. This is both due to its role in resolving and accounting for technical variation and errors, and its defining role in shaping the viewpoint of biological interpretations. Still, the choice of the normalization method is often not explicitly motivated although this choice may be particularly decisive for conclusions in studies involving pronounced cellular plasticity. In this study, we highlight the consequences of using three fundamentally different modes of normalization for interpreting RNA-seq data from human skeletal muscle undergoing exercise-training-induced growth. Briefly, 25 participants conducted 12 weeks of high-load resistance training. Muscle biopsy specimens were sampled from m. vastus lateralis before, after two weeks of training (week 2) and after the intervention (week 12), and were subsequently analyzed using RNA-seq. Transcript counts were modeled as (1) per-library-size, (2) per-total-RNA, and (3) per-sample-size (per-mg-tissue).

Result
Initially, the three modes of transcript modeling led to the identification of three unique sets of stable genes, which displayed differential expression profiles. Specifically, genes showing stable expression across samples in the per-library-size dataset displayed training-associated increases in per-total-RNA and per-sample-size datasets. These gene sets were then used for normalization of the entire dataset, providing transcript abundance estimates corresponding to each of the three biological viewpoints (i.e., per-library-size, per-total-RNA, and per-sample-size). The different normalization modes led to different conclusions, measured as training-associated changes in transcript expression. Briefly, for 27% and 20% of the transcripts, training was associated with changes in expression in per-total-RNA and per-sample-size scenarios, but not in the per-library-size scenario. At week 2, this led to opposite conclusions for 4% of the transcripts between per-library-size and per-sample-size datasets (↑ vs. ↓, respectively).

Conclusion
Scientists should be explicit with their choice of normalization strategies and should interpret the results of gene expression analyses with caution. This is particularly important for data sets involving a limited number of genes or involving growing or differentiating cellular models, where the risk of biased conclusions is pronounced.
Drosophila melanogaster hosts coevolving with Pseudomonas entomophila pathogen show sex-specific patterns of local adaptation
Authors: Ahlawat Neetika , Geeta Arun Manas , Maggu Komal , Jigisha  , Singh Aparajita , Prasad Nagaraj Guru 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn spatially structured populations, local adaptation improves organisms’ fitness in their native environment. Hosts and pathogens can rapidly adapt to their local antagonist. Since males and females can differ in their immunocompetence, the patterns of local adaptation can be different between the sexes. However, there is little information about sex differences in local adaptation in host–pathogen systems.ResultsIn the current study, we experimentally coevolved four different replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster (host) and Pseudomonas entomophila (pathogen) along with appropriate controls. We used the four host–pathogen coevolution populations to investigate the occurrence of local adaptation separately in males and females of the coevolving hosts. We also assessed local adaptation in pathogens. We set up a reciprocal infection experiment where we infected each of the four coevolving hosts with their local pathogen or non-local pathogens from the other three replicate populations. We found that overall, male and female hosts had better survivorship when infected with local pathogens, indicating that they were locally adapted. Interestingly, males were more susceptible to non-local pathogens compared to females. In addition, we found no fecundity cost in females infected with either local or non-local pathogens. We found no evidence of local adaptation among the pathogens.ConclusionOur study showed sex-specific adaptation in the coevolving hosts where female hosts had a broader response against allopatric coevolving pathogens with no cost in fecundity. Thus, our results might suggest a novel mechanism that can maintain variation in susceptibility in spatially structured populations.
Isolation, discrimination, and molecular detection of Listeria species from slaughtered cattle in Namwala District, Zambia
Authors: Mpundu Prudence , Muma John Bwalya , Mukumbuta Nawa , Mukubesa Andrew Nalishuwa , Muleya Walter , Kapila Penjaninge , Hang’ombe Bernard Mudenda , Munyeme Musso 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The food industry is increasingly becoming more scrutinized, given the frequency and intensity with which zoonotic diseases are being reported. Pathogen tracking has become more applicable with regards food safety. It is in this regard that the present study was formulated to track Listeria species. in freshly slaughtered cattle carcasses by utilizing standard and molecular biological techniques.

Methods
A cross-sectional study design was conducted from March to December 2020 with 200 samples being equally collected in the rainy and dry seasons. A total of 180 and 20 swabs were aseptically collected from carcasses and the environment respectively. Samples were first subjected to pre-enrichment in half-strength Fraser broth followed by enrichment in full strength Fraser broth and subsequent plating on Listeria agar. Listeria growth characteristics were identified up to species level based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Further, molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis was conducted. Quantitative proportionate survey data were analyzed using Stata Version 15 software to estimate crude prevalence taking into account complex design at abattoir level. Factors associated with contamination were characterized using logistic regression. Sequences were analyzed using, Genetyyx version 12 and phylogenetic Mega.

Results
Of the 200 samples, 19 were positive for Listeria species identified as L.innocua 14/19 (73.7%) and L. monocytogenes 5/19 (26.3%). All isolates were from freshly slaughtered carcasses, and none from environment. Siginificant differences in contamination levels were observed based on season: rainy season yielded 14 (73.6%) whilst the dry season 5 (26.3%). The L. monocytogenes strains showed a high degree of homogeneity on phylogenetic analysis and clustered based on abattoir. Seasonality was identified as a major determinant influencing contamination based on the final logistic regression model.

Conclusion
This study found evidence of L. monocytogenes contamination on traditionally raised beef carcasses across various abattoirs surveyed. The failure to find Listeria contamination on the abattoir environment may to a greater extent intimate cattle carccases as primary sources of contamination. However, a more comprerehnsive study incorporating different geographical regions is needed to conclusively ascertain these present findings.
The association of hyponatremia and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cordova Sanchez Andres , Bhuta Kunal , Shmorgon Gary , Angeloni Nicholas , Murphy Ryan , Chaudhuri Debanik 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte abnormality that has been associated with poor outcomes in several conditions including acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, those studies were performed in the era before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), focused mostly on ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and sodium levels up to 72 h of admission. The purpose of this study was to identify the association between hyponatremia and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with a diagnosis of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and STEMI presenting at our institution from March 2021 to September 2021. Our independent variables were sodium levels on the day of admission and up to 7 days later. Dependent variables were in-hospital mortality, 30-day mortality, length of hospital stay, intensive care admission, new heart failure diagnosis, and ejection fraction.

Results
50.2% of patients had hyponatremia up to 7 days of admission. Intensive care admission was higher in patients with hyponatremia up to7 days (69.7% vs 54.3%, P 0.019, OR 1.9), they had worse 30-day mortality (12.7% vs to 2.2%, P 0.004, OR 6.5), in hospital mortality (9.9% vs 1.1%, P 0.006, OR 9.9), and new heart failure diagnosis (31.5% vs 17.9%, P < 0.043, OR 2.1). Hyponatremia on admission was associated with in-hopital mortality (16.3% vs 3.8%, P 0.004, OR 4.9), 30-day mortality (18.4% vs 5.9%, P 0.017, OR 3.5).

Conclusions
This study suggests that hyponatremia on admission and at any point during the first seven days of hospitalization are associated with in-hospital and 30-day mortality.