bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptance of digital health services among older adults: Findings on perceived usefulness, self-efficacy, privacy concerns, ICT knowledge, and support seeking
Authors: Jokisch Mario R. , Schmidt Laura I. , Doh Michael 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundOver the last decade, the rapid advancements in information and communication technologies (ICTs) have also driven the development of digital health services and applications. Older adults could particularly benefit from these technologies, but they still have less access to the Internet and less competence in using it. Based on the empirical literature on technology acceptance among older adults, this study examines the relations of perceived usefulness, self-efficacy, privacy concerns, ICT knowledge, and support seeking (family, informal, formal/institutional) with older adults' intention to adopt new digital health services.MethodsThe study included 478 older adults who participated in an online or paper/pencil questionnaire (M = 70.1 years, SD = 7.8; 38% male). Sociodemographic characteristics, subjective health status, and variables related to technology acceptance were assessed.ResultsLatent structural equation modeling revealed that higher perceived usefulness, higher self-efficacy regarding digital health technologies, and lower privacy concerns contributed to a higher intention to use digital health services among older adults. Contrary to our expectations, general ICT knowledge was not a significant predictor. Older adults who reported seeking more support regarding technology problems from family members and formal/institutional settings also reported higher usage intentions, whereas informal support was not as relevant. Furthermore, higher age was associated with higher perceived usefulness and lower self-efficacy.DiscussionFuture studies should further explore mediating factors for intention and actual use of digital health services and develop educational programs including follow-up assessments.
Bayesian latent class models to determine diagnostic sensitivities and specificities of two point of care rapid tests (Selma plus, Dipslide) for the detection of Streptococcus uberis associated with mastitis in dairy cows
Authors: Rediger David , Butty Marc André , Kittl Sonja , Bodmer Michèle , Hartnack Sonja 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionDevelopment and validations of accurate mastitis diagnostics are crucial to make timely and evidence-based decisions on mastitis therapy in order to reduce its impact on productivity, animal welfare and practicing the prudent use of antimicrobials on dairy farms.MethodsThe objectives of this study were to assess the agreement between test results from reference laboratory and two point of care tests (Selma plus, Dipslide) and to estimate the test accuracies with Bayesian latent class models (BLCMs). In total of 509 single quarter milk samples from cows with mastitis were included in the study.ResultsAmong all analyzed mastitis pathogens,Streptococcusspp. was detected in up to one third of all analyzed samples and for Selma all Streptococcus samples were considered asStreptococcus uberis. The agreement (κ) when comparing two tests varied greatly depending on the bacteria, ranging from no agreement to good agreement (κ = negative to 0.86) depending on the prevalence of identified pathogens. Based on BLCMs to assess diagnostic test accuracies for the pathogenStreptococcus uberis, posterior sensitivities of 76, 71, and 64% for Selma plus, Dipslide and laboratory standard culture and specificities of 93%, 98% for Selma and Dipslide, respectively, were obtained.DiscussionThe two point of care rapid culture systems Dipslide and Selma plus plate can provide important preliminary pathogen identification for targeted mastitis therapy, especially when general information about growth and a rough classification of the bacteria into groups have an impact on treatment strategy. The two evaluated rapid culture systems, Dipslide and Selma plus plate, show good test accuracies forStreptococcus uberisat least at genus level. Therefore, using these tests may contribute to prudent use of antibiotics.
Sparkling Cider Paired with Italian Cheese: Sensory Analysis and Consumer Assessment
Authors: Lomolino Giovanna , Marangon Matteo , Vincenzi Simone , De Iseppi Alberto 
Published: December 2022

Cider is a beverage belonging to the tradition of many European rural areas. Pairing beverages and cheeses, even if it is part of an ancient tradition, is gaining more and more interest from the consumer. For this reason, in this research, we wanted to conduct a preliminary study on the combination of cider and cheese. In particular, six Italian sparkling ciders were selected, obtained through the Charmat and Champenoise method, and four types of Italian cheeses, from the Veneto region: Casatella Trevigiana, Fienil, Morlacco and Ubriaco, with very different sensory characteristics. The cider-cheese pairing test, conducted by a panel of experts, revealed how some cider parameters are reduced in intensity, such as astringency, while others are enhanced, such as fruitiness and persistence taste aroma. The hedonic test, conducted on the matching by 90 consumers, promoted some combinations while others were rejected. The sensory parameters associated with liking were fruity and taste aroma persistence, particularly expressed in some cider-cheese pairings.
Implementing antibiotic stewardship in high-prescribing English general practices: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Tonkin-Crine Sarah , McLeod Monsey , Borek Aleksandra J , Campbell Anne , Anyanwu Philip , Costelloe Céire , Moore Michael , Hayhoe Benedict , Pouwels Koen B , Roope Laurence SJ , Morrell Liz , Hopkins Susan , Butler Christopher C , Walker Ann Sarah 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundTrials have identified antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) strategies that effectively reduce antibiotic use in primary care. However, many are not commonly used in England. The authors co-developed an implementation intervention to improve use of three AMS strategies: enhanced communication strategies, delayed prescriptions, and point-of-care C-reactive protein tests (POC-CRPTs).AimTo investigate the use of the intervention in high-prescribing practices and its effect on antibiotic prescribing.Design and settingNine high-prescribing practices had access to the intervention for 12 months from November 2019. This was primarily delivered remotely via a website with practices required to identify an ‘antibiotic champion’.MethodRoutinely collected prescribing data were compared between the intervention and the control practices. Intervention use was assessed through monitoring. Surveys and interviews were conducted with professionals to capture experiences of using the intervention.ResultsThere was no evidence that the intervention affected prescribing. Engagement with intervention materials differed substantially between practices and depended on individual champions’ preconceptions of strategies and the opportunity to conduct implementation tasks. Champions in five practices initiated changes to encourage use of at least one AMS strategy, mostly POC-CRPTs; one practice chose all three. POC-CRPTs was used more when allocated to one person.ConclusionClinicians need detailed information on exactly how to adopt AMS strategies. Remote, one-sided provision of AMS strategies is unlikely to change prescribing; initial clinician engagement and understanding needs to be monitored to avoid misunderstanding and suboptimal use.
Infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud: un desafío para la salud pública
Authors: Reinoso Encarnación John Brayan , Rojas Maldonado María Eugenia , Cherrez Loffredo Lourdes Paola , Guale León Lissette Tamara 
Published: December 2022

Actualmente las infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud representan un gran desafío en el ámbito intrahospitalario. La Organización Mundial de la Salud reconoce que es un problema de salud pública a nivel global, porque la incidencia es alta, teniendo un índice de mortalidad elevado. Se considera que millones de pacientes se ven afectados cada año por este tipo de infecciones, los costos sanitarios son directamente proporcional ya que su valor aumenta, porque los pacientes requieren antibioticoterapia, y en algunos casos será necesario el uso de soporte vital por lo que la hospitalización será prolongada.
El riesgo de adquirir infecciones dependerá del nivel de complejidad del hospital o centro médico, pero también depende de la calidad y normas de antisepsia del mismo. Se considera que en hospitales cuya complejidad sea de segundo o tercer nivel de atención, tendrán tasas altas de IAAS por las intervenciones o procedimientos que requieren los pacientes, que en muchos casos la hospitalización en dichos centros tiene una duración de varias semanas.
Cada paciente tiene características individuales, por lo que los microorganismos patógenos se comportan diferentes de acuerdo al patrón de sensibilidad del individuo o de la resistencia a los antibióticos.
La conducta del personal de salud es un factor bastante importante para contraer las infecciones adquiridas en un hospital, influyen desde medidas básicas como el lavado de manos, medidas de contención primaria, esterilización del instrumental, los equipos y en general, el ambiente hospitalario. Todos estos factores influyen en la transmisión de infecciones.
Observational Analysis and Numerical Modeling of the Solar Wind Fluctuation Spectra during Intervals of Plasma Instability
Authors: Markovskii S. A. , Vasquez Bernard J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We perform a statistical analysis of observed magnetic spectra in the solar wind at 1 au with localized power elevations above the level of the ambient turbulent fluctuations. We show that the elevations are seen only when the intensity of the ambient fluctuations is sufficiently low. Assuming that the spectral elevations are caused by thermal-ion instabilities, this suggests that on average the effect of the solar wind background is strong enough to suppress the instability or obscure it or both. We then carry out nonlinear numerical simulations with particle ions and an electron fluid to model a thermal-ion instability coexisting with an ambient turbulence. The parameters of the simulation are taken from a known solar wind interval where an instability was assumed to exist based on the linear theory and a bi-Maxwellian fit of the observed distribution with core and secondary-beam protons. The numerical model closely matches the position of the observed spectral elevation in the wavenumber space. This confirms that the thermal-ion instability is responsible for the elevation. At the same time, the magnitude of the elevation turns out to be smaller than in the real solar wind. When higher intensity of the turbulence is used in the simulation, which is typical of solar wind in general, the power elevation is no longer seen. This is in agreement with the reduced observability of the elevations at higher intensities. However, the simulations show that the turbulence does not simply obscure the instability but also lowers its saturation level.
Near-infrared Spectroscopy of Ultracompact H ii Regions in W51A with NIFS/ALTAIR*
Authors: Barbosa Cassio L. , Navarete Felipe , Blum Robert D. , Damineli Augusto , Conti Peter S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
W51A is the most active star formation region of the giant H ii region W51. It harbors the two massive protoclusters W51e and W51 IRS2, which are very rare in the Galaxy. We aim to identify the newborn massive stars and ultracompact H ii regions to derive its distance and age. We performed Integral Field Unit observations with NIFS+ALTAIR of nine targets in the W51A subregion. The distance modulus was obtained using the spectral classification in the K band and a reddening law appropriate to the inner Galactic plane. We derived the distance and the spectral types for five of the targets, ranging from O8 to O9.5, similar to those derived from radio continuum data, except for two sources to which we assigned a somewhat later spectral type. We included another seven objects with precise spectral classification from other works, which allowed us to better constrain the distance estimate. Our spectrophotometric distance d = 4.80 ± 1.27 kpc is in good agreement with those derived from the Galactic rotation model and trigonometric parallaxes, placing the region near the tangent point of the Sagittarius arm. We conclude that the stars studied in this work have an age spread of 1.5–4 Myr, substantially older than thought to date.
Photometric and Spectroscopic Observations of GRB 210104A: Bright Reverse-shock Emission and Dense Circumburst Environment
Authors: Zhang Lu-Lu , Xin Li-Ping , Wang Jing , Han Xu-Hui , Xu Dong , Zhu Zi-Pei , Wu Chao , Wei Jian-Yan , Liang En-Wei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Early afterglow observations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are valuable for exploring the properties of their jets and ambient medium. We report our photometric and spectroscopic observations of GRB 210104A and discuss its jet properties with multiwavelength data. Our spectroscopic observation reveals several absorption features and a tentative redshift of 0.46 is identified. A bright optical flare that has a peak brightness of R = 13 mag at 112 ± 7 s was observed in the R band during 67 ∼ 165 s post the GRB trigger. The flux of the R-band afterglow decays with a slope of α
O = − 0.91 ± 0.03 at t > 650 s. The early X-ray afterglow lightcurve is a smooth bump, and it decays with a slope of α
X = −1.18 ± 0.01 at late epoch. Our joint spectral fit to the optical-X-ray afterglows during (1.1–1.3) × 104 s yields a photon index ΓO,X = −1.82 ± 0.04. The derived host galaxy extinction is A

R
= 0.87. Attributing the early optical flare to the reverse-shock (RS) emission and the late optical-X-ray emission to the forward shock emission, the optical and X-ray lightcurves at t < 3 × 104 s can be well fit adopting a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm. Comparing the properties of GRB 210104A with other GRBs that have detection of bright RS emission, we show that its jet is mildly magnetized (R
B = 28), with high radiation efficiency (77%), is subenergetic (E
k,iso = 4.5 × 1051 erg), and moderately relativistic (Γ0 ∼ 35) in a density medium (n
0 ∼ 417 cm−3). It follows the tight L

γ,iso–E
p,z–Γ0 relation as with typical GRBs.
Recurrent Narrow Quasiperiodic Fast-propagating Wave Trains Excited by the Intermittent Energy Release in the Accompanying Solar Flare
Authors: Zhou Xinping , Shen Yuandeng , Liang Hongfei , Qu Zhining , Duan Yadan , Tang Zehao , Zhou Chengrui , Tan Song 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
About the driven mechanisms of the quasiperiodic fast-propagating (QFP) wave trains, there exist two dominant competing physical explanations: they are associated with the flaring energy release or attributed to the waveguide dispersion. Employing Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly 171 Å images, we investigated a series of QFP wave trains composed of multiple wave fronts propagating along a loop system during the accompanying flare on 2011 November 11. The wave trains showed a high correlation in start times with the energy release of the accompanying flare. Measurements show that the wave trains’ phase speed is almost consistent with its group speed with a value of about 1000 km s−1, indicating that the wave trains should not be considered dispersed waves. The period of the wave trains was the same as that of the oscillatory signal in X-ray emissions released by the flare. Thus we propose that the QFP wave trains were most likely triggered by the flare rather than by dispersion. We investigated the seismological application with the QFP waves and then obtained that the magnetic field strength of the waveguide was about 10 G. Meanwhile, we also estimated that the energy flux of the wave trains was about 1.2 × 105 erg cm−2 s−1.
Time-variable Jet Ejections from RW Aur A, RY Tau, and DG Tau*
Authors: Takami Michihiro , Günther Hans Moritz , Schneider P. Christian , Beck Tracy L. , Karr Jennifer L. , Ohyama Youichi , Galván-Madrid Roberto , Uyama Taichi , White Marc , Grankin Konstantin , Coffey Deirdre , Liu Chun-Fan , Fukagawa Misato , Manset Nadine , Chen Wen-Ping , Pyo Tae-Soo , Shang Hsien , Ray Thomas P. , Otsuka Masaaki , Chou Mei-Yin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present Gemini-NIFS, Very Large Telescope-SINFONI, and Keck-OSIRIS observations of near-IR [Fe ii] emission that are associated with well-studied jets from three active T Tauri stars—RW Aur A, RY Tau, and DG Tau—taken from 2012 to 2021. We primarily cover the redshifted jet from RW Aur A and the blueshifted jets from RY Tau and DG Tau, in order to investigate long-term time variabilities that are potentially related to the activities of mass accretion and/or the stellar magnetic fields. All of these jets consist of several moving knots, with tangential velocities of 70–240 km s−1, which were ejected from the star with different velocities and at irregular time intervals. Via comparisons with the literature, we identify significant differences in the tangential velocities between 1985–2008 and 2008–2021 for the DG Tau jet. The sizes of the individual knots appear to increase with time, and, in turn, their peak brightnesses in the 1.644 μm emission decreased by up to a factor of ∼30 during the epochs of our observations. The variety of decay timescales measured in the [Fe ii] 1.644 μm emission could be attributed to different preshock conditions should the moving knots be unresolved shocks. However, our data do not exclude the possibility that these knots are due to nonuniform density/temperature distributions with another heating mechanism, or, in some cases, due to stationary shocks without proper motions. Spatially resolved observations of these knots with significantly higher angular resolutions will be necessary to better understand their physical nature.
Pulsar-candidate Selection Using a Generative Adversarial Network and ResNeXt
Authors: Yin Qian , Li Yefan , Li Jiajie , Zheng Xin , Guo Ping 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pulsar research has been a hot topic in the area of astronomy since they were first discovered. Pulsar discovery is fundamental for pulsar research. While pulsars are now visible across the electromagnetic spectrum, pulsar searches with modern radio telescopes are most promising. As the performance of astronomical instruments improves, the number of pulsar candidates detected by modern radio telescopes grows at an exponential rate. The application of artificial intelligence to the field of pulsar-candidate identification can automatically and efficiently address the identification problem with enormous amounts of data. However, there are still significant challenges in enhancing the accuracy of deep-learning-based pulsar-candidate identification. These problems result primarily from the fact that real pulsar data is scarce: the number of candidates that can be successfully identified as real pulsars (positive samples) is much smaller than those candidates that turn out to not be pulsars but instead radio-frequency interference or noise (negative samples). This makes it difficult to train a machine-learning model that can accurately select those candidates that are real pulsars. Therefore a novel pulsar-candidate identification framework is proposed that combines a deep convolutional generative adversarial neural network (DCGAN) and a deep aggregation residual network (ResNeXt). To overcome sample imbalance, the DCGAN is utilized to generate images that approximate real pulsars, while observed and generated candidates are employed together to train the pulsar-candidate identification model ResNeXt. Experiments on the HTRU Medlat data set back up the framework’s performance. The precision, recall, and F1-score of the framework are 100%.
On the Injection Scale of the Turbulence in the Partially Ionized Very Local Interstellar Medium
Authors: Xu 徐 Siyao 思遥 , Li 李 Hui 晖 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The cascade of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence is subject to ion–neutral collisional damping and neutral viscous damping in the partially ionized interstellar medium. By examining the damping effects in the warm and partially ionized local interstellar medium, we find that the interstellar turbulence is damped by neutral viscosity at ∼261 au and cannot account for the turbulent magnetic fluctuations detected by Voyager 1 and 2. The MHD turbulence measured by Voyager in the very local interstellar medium (VLISM) should be locally injected in the regime where ions are decoupled from neutrals for its cascade to survive the damping effects. With the imposed ion–neutral decoupling condition and the strong turbulence condition for the observed Kolmogorov magnetic energy spectrum, we find that the turbulence in the VLISM is sub-Alfvénic, and its largest possible injection scale is ∼194 au.
Challenge in Diagnosing Osteopoikilosis: A Case Report
Authors: Putro Yuni Artha Prabowo , Magetsari Rahadyan , Salipi Morteza Bahesdhi , Huwaidi A. Faiz , Saraswati Paramita Ayu 
Published: December 2022

Background: Osteopoikilosis is a rare benign osteosclerotic dysplasia and occurs in 1/50,000 people. Osteopoikilosis is inherited in an autosomal dominant and associated with several clinical manifestations. Currently, there is no agreement on diagnosing osteopoikilosis. In this case report, we describe a 24-year-old female patient complaining of a lump and pain in the sole of the right foot.
Case presentation: A 24 years female complained of a painful lump on the right pedis for one year. On physical examination of the right foot found a painful lump with firm boundaries, no sign of inflammation or trauma, and 1 cm x 0,5 cm x 0,5 cm in size. We perform a radiographic examination including bone survey and found multiple homogenous sclerotic lesions were spread over almost all visualized bony structures with oval to round in shape, varied in size, and well-defined borders. The laboratory examination shows normal results. Based on the findings described above, we diagnosed the patient with osteopoikilosis. The patient was provided with analgesics as therapy and periodic observation.
Conclusion: Osteopoikilosis is a rare case and is generally found incidentally on radiographic examination. The combination of history taking, clinical manifestations, and typical radiographic findings is sufficient to establish the diagnosis. This can prevent unnecessary examinations or invasive procedures.
Keywords: Osteopoikilosis, diagnosis, rare bone disease