bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left ventricular high frame rate echo-particle image velocimetry: clinical application and comparison with conventional imaging
Authors: Strachinaru Mihai , Voorneveld Jason , Keijzer Lana B. H. , Bowen Daniel J. , Mutluer Ferit O. , Cate Folkert ten , de Jong Nico , Vos Hendrik J. , Bosch Johan G. , van den Bosch Annemien E. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Echo-Particle Image Velocimetry (echoPIV) tracks speckle patterns from ultrasound contrast agent(UCA), being less angle-sensitive than colour Doppler. High frame rate (HFR) echoPIV enables tracking of high velocity flow in the left ventricle (LV). We aimed to demonstrate the potential clinical use of HFR echoPIV and investigate the feasibility and accuracy in patients.

Methods
Nineteen patients admitted for heart failure were included. HFR contrast images were acquired from an apical long axis view (ALAX), using a fully-programmable ultrasound system. A clinical UCA was continuously infused with a dedicated pump. Additionally, echocardiographic images were obtained using a clinical system, including LV contrast-enhanced images and pulsed-wave (PW) Doppler of the LV inflow and outflow in ALAX. 11 patients underwent CMR and 4 cardiac CT as clinically indicated. These CMR and CT images were used as reference. In 10 patients with good echoPIV tracking and reference imaging, the intracavitary flow was compared between echoPIV, conventional and UCA echocardiography.

Results
EchoPIV tracking quality was good in 12/19 (63%), moderate in 2/19 (10%) and poor in 5/19 (26%) subjects. EchoPIV could determine inflow velocity in 17/19 (89%), and outflow in 14/19 (74%) patients. The correlation of echoPIV and PW Doppler was good for the inflow (R2 = 0.77 to PW peak; R2 = 0.80 PW mean velocity) and moderate for the outflow (R2 = 0.54 to PW peak; R2 = 0.44 to PW mean velocity), with a tendency for echoPIV to underestimate PW velocities. In selected patients, echoPIV was able in a single acquisition to demonstrate flow patterns which required multiple interrogations with classical echocardiography. Those flow patterns could also be linked to anatomical abnormalities as seen in CMR or CT.

Conclusion
HFR echoPIV tracks multidirectional and complex flow patterns which are unapparent with conventional echocardiography, while having comparable feasibility. EchoPIV tends to underestimate flow velocities as compared to PW Doppler. It has the potential to provide in one acquisition all the functional information obtained by conventional imaging, overcoming the angle dependency of Doppler and low frame rate of classical contrast imaging.
Replication kinetics and infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in common cell culture models
Authors: Mautner Lena , Hoyos Mona , Dangel Alexandra , Berger Carola , Ehrhardt Anja , Baiker Armin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic caused by the emerging virus SARS-CoV-2, research in the field of coronaviruses has expanded tremendously. The genome of SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly acquired numerous mutations, giving rise to several Variants of Concern (VOCs) with altered epidemiological, immunological, and pathogenic properties.MethodsAs cell culture models are important tools to study viruses, we investigated replication kinetics and infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in the African Green Monkey-derived Vero E6 kidney cell line and the two human cell lines Caco-2, a colon epithelial carcinoma cell line, and the airway epithelial carcinoma cell line Calu-3. We assessed viral RNA copy numbers and infectivity of viral particles in cell culture supernatants at different time points ranging from 2 to 96 h post-infection.ResultsWe here describe a systematic comparison of growth kinetics of the five SARS-CoV-2 VOCs Alpha/B.1.1.7, Beta/B.1.351, Gamma/P.1, Delta/B.1.617.2, and Omicron/B.1.1.529 and a non-VOC/B.1.1 strain on three different cell lines to provide profound information on the differential behaviour of VOCs in different cell lines for researchers worldwide. We show distinct differences in viral replication kinetics of the SARS-CoV-2 non-VOC and five VOCs on the three cell culture models Vero E6, Caco-2, and Calu-3.ConclusionThis is the first systematic comparison of all SARS-CoV-2 VOCs on three different cell culture models. This data provides support for researchers worldwide in their experimental design for work on SARS-CoV-2. It is recommended to perform virus isolation and propagation on Vero E6 while infection studies or drug screening and antibody-based assays should rather be conducted on the human cell lines Caco-2 and Calu-3.
Effectiveness of the world anti-doping agency's e-learning programme for anti-doping education on knowledge of, explicit and implicit attitudes towards, and likelihood of doping among Chinese college athletes and non-athletes
Authors: Deng Zhangyan , Guo Jinyang , Wang Dong , Huang Tao , Chen Zuosong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the World Anti-Doping Agency's e-learning programme for anti-doping education on knowledge of, explicit and implicit attitudes towards, and likelihood of doping among Chinese college athletes and non-athletes.

Method
Thirty-two young adults (including 16 college athletes) were recruited to receive the Athlete Learning Program about Health and Anti-Doping (ALPHA) intervention (Zh-hans version). Another 32 young adults were recruited for no-treatment control purposes. Before and immediately after the intervention, the ALPHA test, performance enhancement attitude scale, doping likelihood scale, and brief implicit association test (BIAT) were performed. Cortical activity during the BIAT test was monitored using a functional near-infrared spectroscopy instrument.

Results
Significant intervention effects were observed for knowledge (p < 0.01, η2 = 0.21) and explicit attitude (p < 0.05, η2 = 0.12) but not for doping likelihood (p > 0.05; benefit situation: η2 = 0.04; cost situation: η2 = 0.02). Compared with the non-athletes, the college athletes reported lower doping likelihood scores in benefit situations (e.g., financial gain, p < 0.05, η2 = 0.10). Regarding the BIAT task, the experimental effect was successfully induced by different semantic associations between the concepts and the attitude (doping + like vs. doping + dislike). The mean reaction times (p < 0.01, η2 = 0.36) and error rate (p < 0.01, η2 = 0.34) in the doping-like block were higher than those in the doping-dislike block. Moreover, oxygenated haemoglobin (oxy-Hb) in response to BIAT interference in the temporoparietal junction-related channels was increased during the post-intervention test (p < 0.05, η2 varied from 0.09 to 0.16).

Conclusions
The findings suggest that the online anti-doping education programme is partially effective among Chinese college athletes and non-athletes. Furthermore, our findings reflect enhanced cognitive control after the education intervention to suppress a prepotent implicit attitude towards doping.
Efficient privacy-preserving variable-length substring match for genome sequence
Authors: Nakagawa Yoshiki , Ohata Satsuya , Shimizu Kana 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe development of a privacy-preserving technology is important for accelerating genome data sharing. This study proposes an algorithm that securely searches a variable-length substring match between a query and a database sequence. Our concept hinges on a technique that efficiently applies FM-index for a secret-sharing scheme. More precisely, we developed an algorithm that can achieve a secure table lookup in such a way that$$V[V[\ldots V[p_0] \ldots ]]$$V[V[…V[p0]…]]is computed for a given depth of recursion where$$p_0$$p0is an initial position, andVis a vector. We used the secure table lookup for vectors created based on FM-index. The notable feature of the secure table lookup is that time, communication, and round complexities are not dependent on the table lengthN, after the query input. Therefore, a substring match by reference to the FM-index-based table can also be conducted independently against the database length, and the entire search time is dramatically improved compared to previous approaches. We conducted an experiment using a human genome sequence with the length of 10 million as the database and a query with the length of 100 and found that the query response time of our protocol was at least three orders of magnitude faster than a non-indexed database search protocol under the realistic computation/network environment.
A contingency management approach for treatment of methamphetamine use disorder and human immunodeficiency virus antiretroviral treatment adherence in pregnancy to prevent mother-to-child transmission: a case report
Authors: Turner Suzanne , Nader Maya , Lurie Erin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction
This review highlights the rising prevalence of methamphetamine use in pregnancy in North American and the difficulty of managing active human immunodeficiency virus infection in a pregnant woman while actively using methamphetamines. Multidisciplinary medical teams with knowledge of addiction medicine, infectious disease management, and pregnancy are needed to provide combined expert care to reduce the harms associated with substance use and improve adherence to antiretroviral treatment. We report the case of a treatment-naïve pregnant patient with human immunodeficiency virus who was actively using methamphetamines. The patient was able to initiate and adhere to antiretroviral treatment while taking a prescription stimulant in a contingency management paradigm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of prescription stimulants being used in pregnancy to improve adherence to antiretroviral medications.

Case presentation
A 32-year-old white woman with untreated human immunodeficiency virus, a newly diagnosed pregnancy, and actively using methamphetamines presented to a drop-in combined prenatal care and addiction medicine clinic. After initiating a prescription amphetamine in a contingency management paradigm, she was adherent to human immunodeficiency antiretroviral treatment and had a fully suppressed viral load throughout the remainder of her pregnancy.

Conclusion
Active treatment of methamphetamine use disorders with prescription stimulants, coupled with contingency management, may represent a mechanism to engage patients in care and improve adherence to antiretroviral treatment (and prevent mother-to-child-transmission of human immunodeficiency virus).
Ethology of Sunn-pest oviposition in interaction with deltamethrin loaded on mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a nanopesticide
Authors: Alizadeh Mahdi , Sheikhi-Garjan Aziz , Ma’mani Leila , Hosseini Salekdeh Ghasem , Bandehagh Ali 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Wheat is one of the main food for around 2 billion people worldwide. Among the biological stressors, Eurygaster integriceps Puton is a damaging insect in wheat and barley fields, which harms them both quantitatively (by overwintered adults) and qualitatively (by instar nymphs). The ovipositional and the new generation’s production control are pivotal approaches to control the severe damages of Sunn-pest.

Methods
In this study, to enhance the deltamethrin effectiveness while reducing its required dosage and also reducing the adverse health and environmental impacts, a novel MSN-based deltamethrin formulation was prepared and evaluated based on the laying-eggs number and oviposition behavior. To this, deltamethrin was loaded on KIT-6 mesoporous silica nanoparticles and characterized using SEM, TEM, and TGA analysis, and the insect potential of deltametrin@KIT6 was then evaluated.

Results
The results showed that there might be differences between the treatments (KIT-6, deltamethrin@KIT-6, deltamethrin commercial formulation, and water as a control) in terms of the insect control via the laying-egg and next-generation prevention. The results showed that KIT-6 and deltamethrin@KIT-6 could reduce the oviposition rate compared to water as the control. Deltamethrin@KIT-6 not only caused the less oviposition done but the eggs were scattered and the batch of eggs did not have a uniform-shape similar to the control mode. The deltamethrin@KIT-6 nanopesticide could increase the pesticide effectiveness by reducing the Sunn-pest’s oviposition and nymphal population and subsequently decreasing the damage caused by them. So that the concentrations of 10, 25, and 125 mg L−1 of deltamethrin@KIT-6 reduced oviposition by 63.24%, 66.11%, and 67.62%, respectively, compared to the control group. On the other hand, descriptive observations showed that another possible tension is created through insect eggs deposition on the boundary layer of leaves.

Conclusion
The MSN-based nanoformulation could be effectively considered to control the next-generation population density of Sunn-pest.

Graphical Abstract
On the development of B-Raf inhibitors acting through innovative mechanisms
Authors: Pinzi Luca 
Published: April 2022

B-Raf is a protein kinase participating to the regulation of many biological processes in cells. Several studies have demonstrated that this protein is frequently upregulated in human cancers, especially when it bears activating mutations. In the last years, few ATP-competitive inhibitors of B-Raf have been marketed for the treatment of melanoma and are currently under clinical evaluation on a variety of other types of cancer. Although the introduction of drugs targeting B-Raf has provided significant advances in cancer treatment, responses to ATP-competitive inhibitors remain limited, mainly due to selectivity issues, side effects, narrow therapeutic windows, and the insurgence of drug resistance. Impressive research efforts have been made so far towards the identification of novel ATP-competitive modulators with improved efficacy against cancers driven by mutant Raf monomers and dimers, some of them showing good promises. However, several limitations could still be envisioned for these compounds, according to literature data. Besides, increased attentions have arisen around approaches based on the design of allosteric modulators, polypharmacology, proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) and drug repurposing for the targeting of B-Raf proteins. The design of compounds acting through such innovative mechanisms is rather challenging. However, valuable therapeutic opportunities can be envisioned on these drugs, as they act through innovative mechanisms in which limitations typically observed for approved ATP-competitive B-Raf inhibitors are less prone to emerge. In this article, current approaches adopted for the design of non-ATP competitive inhibitors targeting B-Raf are described, discussing also on the possibilities, ligands acting through such innovative mechanisms could provide for the obtainment of more effective therapies.
Second grade students’ social-emotional competence in relation to strengths and difficulties assessed by teachers and parents
Authors: Malleus-Kotšegarov Elina , Treial Kristiina , Jurman Marilyn 
Published: April 2022

Õpilaste parem toimetulek eri suhtlussituatsioonides on oluline tegur, mida õppeprotsessi kaudu koolis toetada, panustades seeläbi heaolu suurenemisse nii hetkeolukordades kui ka edaspidises elus. Süsteemsele arendustegevusele aitab kaasa parem arusaam nendest aspektidest, mis vajaksid konkreetses klassis tuge. Selleks on õpetajatele ning tugipersonalile kasutamiseks loodud eksamite infosüsteemis paiknevad arvutitestid. Suhtlus- ja enesemääratluspädevuse testi kasutusvõimaluste paremaks kirjeldamiseks on oluline uurida, kuidas on testi tulemused seotud teiste õpilaste toimetulekut kirjeldavate näitajatega. Siinse artikli eesmärk on kirjeldada 2. klassi valimil (n = 250), kuidas on omavahel seotud õpilaste suhtlus- ja enesemääratluspädevuse testi tulemused ning õpetajate (n = 16) ja lastevanemate (n = 109) hinnatud tugevused (prosotsiaalsus) ning raskused (internaliseeritud ja eksternaliseeritud probleemid), mis on kaardistatud tugevuste ja raskuste küsimustiku (SDQ) kaudu. Tulemustest selgus, et arvutitestis paremaid tulemusi saanud õpilased said õpetajatelt kõrgemad prosotsiaalsuse hinnangud ning madalamaid internaliseeritud ja eksternaliseeritud probleemide hinnangud; lastevanemate hinnangud ei olnud testitulemustega oluliselt seotud.
Summary
Traditsioonilistest kodustest nahatöötlemise võtetest Eestis
Authors: Uus Made 
Published: April 2022

This article provides an overview of the traditional domestic leather processing methods used in Estonia throughout history, as well as the research papers on leather processing that have been published or have yet to be published in Estonian. There is also an overview of the main leather processing and tanning methods (vegetable tanning, alum tawing and flour tanning). Based on her own experience, the author gives a detailed description of traditional leather processing with fermented cereal puddle (flour tanning) as one of the oldest and most widespread methods of processing hides with fur. The article also gives an overview of the current situation of traditional leather processing using domestic methods in Estonia.
Nõges Vormsi moodi: ülevaade 2012. aasta juulis Vormsil toimunud nõgesekiu töötlemise töötoast
Authors: Luhamaa Liis 
Published: April 2022

An experimental workshop on obtaining and processing nettle fibre was held on the island of Vormsi (on the western coast of Estonia) in July 2012. Fibre was separated by raw processing during the workshop. The author describes how nettle stems are stripped, peeled and boiled in a lye solution, as well as carding and spinning methods (spinning instructor: Monika Plaser). The workshop also included making a nettle bark rope and dyeing wool with nettle leaves. Sample patches were made of yarn the participants had made themselves, using the wquipment provided.
Keyeords: nettle fibre processing
Konverents "Traditsioonilised kampsunid Läänemeremaades"
Authors: Matsin Ave 
Published: April 2022

The International Crafts Conference ‘Traditional Knitted Sweaters around the Baltic Sea’ was held on the initiative of the Department of Estonian Native Crafts of the University of Tartu Viljandi Culture Academy from 16-18 May 2013. During its three days, the conference focussed on the kinds of sweaters that have historically been knitted around the Baltic Sea and how they reflect our common history. Almost all craft researchers who delivered presentations came to the same conclusion: the tradition of our knitted sweaters started from the knitted silk night sweaters exported from England in the 16th century, which people in the Nordic countries started copying using local materials. The function of the sweater changed from nightwear to an everyday piece of clothing.
The conference was attended by around a hundred foreign guests from the Shetland Islands, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Norway, Latvia, Germany and the United States, plus more than a hundred guests from Estonia. The heads of the national central folk art and craft unions of Finland and Sweden also attended, as Estonia handed the status of the lead state of the Nordic Folk Art and Craft Association over to Finland at the conference.
Approximately 450 people attended the Omamood 2013 fashion show, which took place on the first day of the conference. The second international competition in knitting whilst walking, ‘Walk & Knit’, was also held within the scope of the conference. The success of the conference is a good reason to start planning new international events. This model – where the same event includes looking back at historical items, while considering the implementation of this knowledge in contemporary creations – fulfils the mission of the Department of Estonian Native Crafts and will help to inspire our crafts circles.
Keywords: sweaters, knitting, Nordic Folk Art and Craft Association
Müravaba metsatöö päevad / Noise-free forestry days held
Authors: Parts Priit-Kalev 
Published: April 2022

Viljandi Culture Academy organized noise-free forestry days in Saarepeedi village near Viljandi on 28 & 29 January 2014. This public event, held as part of the native construction students’ forestry work experience, introduced alternative traditional working techniques and showcased axes and hand saws used to harvest timber. One mare of the Estonian native horse breed and one mare of the Estonian heavy horse breed were used to haul the timber out of the woods, demonstrating modern horse logging equipment. The event was covered on television and sparked a discussion on the website of the Estonian Horse Breeders Association regarding the use of native horse breeds in logging and the necessity of relevant performance testing.
Keywords: noiseless forestry, horse logging, small-scale speciality wood harvesting
Rahvusliku ehituse eriala kiviehituspraktika Läänemaal / Stone building fieldwork of the Estonian native construction curriculum in Läänemaa
Authors: Tominga Malvo 
Published: April 2022

A student of the University of Tartu Viljandi Culture Academy, Laur Oberschneider, organised granite-boulder building fieldwork for his younger course-mates. The fieldwork took place from 22nd to 29th August 2014 in Laiakivi farm in Metsküla village, Lihula parish, in Läänemaa (western Estonia). Alo Peebo, who holds an MA in Inherited Crafts from UT VCA, shared his knowledge and skills for reconstructing the façade of the granite stone cellar and for repairing the back corners of the cellar's dry walls. During the fieldwork, the students learned how to split the rocks using both a stone splitting hammer and by wedging. A lot of attention was paid to the safety, and the students were taught to use ergonomic techniques to prevent any unnecessary injuries and or traumas arising from working with heavy boulders and slates.
Since the wall had been previously repaired using a fast cement-based mortar the stones of the facade were difficult to clean and most of them had to be replaced by new ones during the fieldwork. A 10% lime-cement mortar, was used to build the façade. Due to the rainy autumn the mortar could not dry properly and some fractures that need repairing developed in the joints. To prevent this from happening, work on a wall should take place at the beginning or middle of the summer, so that the wall will have plenty of time to dry.
A local newspaper Lääne Elu also wrote an article about the fieldwork. In the article, Krista Kallavus, the owner of Laiakivi Farm and the specialist on cultural heritage in the Hiiu-Lääne-Saare region with the Environmental Board, invited national parks to cooperate more with the VCA.
Keywords: granite stone cellar, boulder construction, splitting, wedging, mortar
Üksikesemest ülikonnani Virumaa rahvarõiva näitel / From a single item to an outfit (on the basis of Viru county folk costume)
Authors: Loite Kersti 
Published: April 2022

In practice, the wearing of folk costume stopped in Viru County at the end of the 19th century, somewhat earlier in the western parts of the area and somewhat later in the eastern parts. Around the same time, people started to collect and preserve folk costumes. Since most of the Viru folk costumes are represented in museum collections as single items, this article examines how the traditional outfits have been assembled from single items and what has been considered important by those doing so. Three main books have been studied: “Estonian Folk Costumes” by Helmi Kurrik (published in 1938), “Estonian Folk Costumes from the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century” (1957), and “Estonian Folk Costumes” by Melanie Kaarma and Aino Voolmaa (1981). Some publications that were based on historical materials and that haven't changed the nature of the folk costumes and that were published before and after the above books are also mentioned briefly.
Keywords: folk costume, traditional outfit, short blouse, sleeveless shirt.