bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Health Implications of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Associated with Suya Spices in Nigeria
Authors: Kudirat Bello Temitope , Omolaja Bello Olorunjuwon 
Published: August 2022

Background: The emergence and re-emergence of antibiotic-resistant foodborne bacteria call for concerted efforts, especially in developing countries. Spices have been employed traditionally to improve the aroma and flavour of foods; however, they could serve as reservoirs for the spread of potential pathogenic organisms. This study aims to investigate the public health implications of antibiotic-resistant bacteria associated with suya spices.
Methods: Three hundred samples of suya spices were evaluated for bacteriological quality. The isolates were presumptively identified by standard biochemical tests and confirmed by API 20 E and API 20 NE. The Etest was used for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the drugs, while the antibiotic resistance profile of the isolates was evaluated using the Kirby Bauer methods.
Results: The mean total plate count (TPC) ranged from 1.0 x 103 to 1.6 x 103 CFU/g. The TPCs of control samples showed significant differences in various zones (P < 0.05). One hundred and thirty-three bacterial isolates were obtained from suya spices. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.56%) had the highest frequency and Klebsiella planticola (3.01%) the lowest. The MIC of antibiotics ranged from 0.02 mg/l to > 256. The percentage of isolates resistant to the antibiotics ranged from 3.01% to 87.97% as exhibited by imipenem and teicoplanin, respectively.
Conclusion: This study revealed a high bacterial load and the presence of potential pathogens in suya spices. This depicts that suya spices, when added to suya meat, are one of the sources of microbial contamination.
Effective Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and Autoimmune Diseases by Resonance Medicine
Authors: Viktor MD Praznikov 
Published: August 2022

Diseases - diabetes mellitus (especially type 1) and autoimmune diseases are incurable diseases. In type 1 diabetes, the beta cells of the tail of the pancreas die. It is in the beta cells of the tail of the pancreas that insulin is located, a hormone that maintains normal blood sugar levels in patients with type 1diabetes. Until now, no methods have been known to restore dead pancreatic beta cells. Methods for restoring the lymphoid system in patients with autoimmune diseases were not known. With these diseases, the normal properties of the lymphoid system are lost. This review aims to present materials on the effective treatment (cure) of these diseases. For the treatment, the resonance therapy method was used, which has been known for at least 25 years and which has been modified in our work since 2016. The essence of our modification was that the author began to use 1. not only low (previously known), but also high potencies of resonant drugs. 2. We have created a direction in resonance therapy, which is called "resonance of creation." So far, only the direction known as “resonance of destruction” is known, with the help of which oncological tissues, infectious processes, cysts, stones, etc. are treated - destroyed. With the help of the resonance of creation, various biological structures that have undergone degeneration and death are restored - the myelin sheath of the nerves in multiple sclerosis, nerve cells in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, etc. With the help of the resonance of creation, the beta cells of the tail of the pancreas are restored in type 1 diabetes, and restoration of the lymphoid system in autoimmune diseases. So, in patients with autoimmune diseases, organ preparations were tested: “lymph nodes”, “lymphocytes”. It turned out that in all patients with various autoimmune diseases, lymph nodes, lymphocytes were tested as being in a degenerative state. There was not a single patient whose lymph nodes and lymphocytes were tested as normal. The task was to normalize the functional state of the lymph nodes and lymphocytes in our patients and thereby take an important step towards curing their autoimmune disease. To this end, it was necessary to increase the potency of the lymph nodes and lymphocytes in the same way as we did it in relation to the beta cells of the pancreas in patients with diabetes mellitus, in relation to the substantia nigra of the midbrain in patients with Parkinson's disease and in relation to the myelin sheath. nerves in multiple sclerosis. After testing organ preparations: "lymph nodes", "lymphocytes" in patients with autoimmune diseases, the potency was selected, which led to the fact that lymph nodes and lymphocytes were no longer tested as degenerated formations. It was this potency of lymph nodes and lymphocytes that was the basis for the treatment of patients. Thus, as a result of the treatment of diabetes mellitus (especially type 1) and autoimmune diseases by resonance therapy, these diseases become curable.
Ocena wiedzy, umiejętności i postaw studentów Wydziału Filologicznego Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego w zakresie bezpiecznego korzystania z Internetu
Authors: Sikorska Anna 
Published: August 2022

W artykule podjęto rozważania nad kompetencjami studentów Wydziału Filologicznego Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego w zakresie bezpiecznego korzystania z Internetu. Celem badań było poznanie i ocena wiedzy, umiejętności i postaw studentów w obrębie niezagrożonej konsumpcji treści zamieszczanych i spotykanych w sieci każdego dnia, a także innych aspektów związanych z wyzwaniami cyberprzestrzeni. Zwrócono również uwagę na potencjał kompetencji informacyjnych i cyfrowych, których nie powinno brakować szczególnie (choć nie tylko) osobom studiującym. Kluczowe znaczenie mają zatem: ustawiczny rozwój tych umiejętności, pozyskiwanie wiedzy i świadomość potencjalnych zagrożeń.
Realizacji wyznaczonych celów posłużyły następujące metody badań: metoda krytycznej analizy literatury przedmiotu, metoda bibliograficzna oraz metoda sondażu diagnostycznego. Niezbędne dla zrozumienia istoty problemu i zagłębienia się w tematykę bezpieczeństwa w sieci było przywołanie definicji „cyberprzestrzeni”, „cyberbezpieczeństwa”, „kompetencji cyfrowych” i „kompetencji informacyjnych” oraz scharakteryzowanie wybranych zagrożeń bezpieczeństwa w sieci, czego dokonano dzięki przeglądowi literatury.
W części o charakterze metodologicznym wskazano przedmiot badań, cele i problemy badawcze, określono zasady doboru próby oraz opisano metody, techniki i narzędzia badawcze. Część badawcza stanowi analizę wyników badania ankietowego przeprowadzonego na studentach Wydziału Filologicznego Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego.
Badanie przeprowadzone na reprezentatywnej grupie studentów pozwoliło ustalić, jakich trudności związanych z korzystaniem z Internetu studenci Wydziału Filologicznego Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego najczęściej doświadczają, jakich zagrożeń w sieci obawiają się najbardziej, w jaki sposób studenci chronią swoje zasoby, prywatność i wizerunek w Internecie, z jakich źródeł czerpią wiedzę o cyberbezpieczeństwie i jak oceniają swoje kompetencje w tym zakresie. Z analizy można odczytać, że większość badanych ma podstawową wiedzę niezbędną do odpowiedzialnego korzystania z zasobów Internetu oraz umiejętności korzystania z narzędzi umożliwiających lepszą ochronę w cyfrowej przestrzeni. Zaleca się jednak prowadzenie dalszych badań w tym kierunku.
Does trazodone reduce anaesthetic agent requirement in dogs?
Authors: Stewart Gemma 
Published: August 2022

PICO question
In dogs undergoing anaesthesia, does the use of oral trazodone given 2 hours before induction of anaesthesia reduce injectable or inhalant anaesthetic agent requirements?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research question
Treatment
The number and type of study designs reviewed
Two randomised controlled trials were critically appraised
Strength of evidence
Moderate
Outcomes reported
Trazodone was shown to have a significant isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) sparing effect for isoflurane. There is also evidence to suggest trazodone has a similar effect on the cardiovascular system as acepromazine
Conclusion
Trazodone should be considered as part of a multimodal approach to anaesthesia in dogs to reduce the injectable and inhalant anaesthetic agent requirements

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Formulation and Characterization of Novel Ophthalmic in Situ Gel of Flucytosine for Improved Bioavailability
Authors: Manigauha Ashish , Sunita Yadav  
Published: August 2022

Flucytosine is chiefly employed in the antifungal eye drops formulation, especially recommended for treatment of serious infections. The poor bioavailability of eye drops failed to produce the maximum therapeutic effects to the patient. Hence, it was intended to prepare and evaluated in situ ophthalmic gel of Flucytosine for better therapeutic efficacy. The different proportion of the Xanthan gum and HPMC K4M along with sodium alginate were used for the preparation of in situ ophthalmic gel of Flucytosine. The six in situ ophthalmic gels were prepared, and evaluated for clarity, visual appearance, pH, gelling capacity, drug content, assessment of drug release, kinetic modelling, ocular irritancy and stability study. The formulation demonstrated appreciable findings for all the assessment. The F2 revealed greatest drug release for 8 hrs, and it implies the sustained release compared to other formulations. Further, the F2 followed the zero order drug release. The findings concluded that in situ ophthalmic gel of Flucytosine produce better therapeutic efficacy, and also reduce the frequency instillation into eye.
Evaluation of the effect of heat on the antibacterial property of Moringa oleifera on Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Amisi Jim , Mwenda Joram , Obuya Joel , Imbenzi Palmer 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Moringa oleifera has been used for medicinal and nutritional purposes. No study has been done on the evaluation of the effect of heat on the antibacterial property of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera. The present study was done to evaluate the effect of heat on the antibacterial property of Moringa oleifera on Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Agar disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial effects of the Moringa oleifera leaf extracted at 24℃ and subjected to 40℃ and 80 ℃ of heat respectively. It has been found that the extract subjected to 40℃ of heat demonstrated significant antibacterial effect (P< 0.05) on both Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus compared to the other two extracts. However, there were no significant antibacterial effect (P> 0.05) between the Moringa oleifera extracted at 24℃ and the one subjected to 80 ℃ of heat after extraction. This study has demonstrated that heating temperature affects the antibacterial property of Moringa oleifera leave’s extract.
Underlying Risk Determinants of Acute and Moderate Malnutrition in Children and its Preventive Management
Authors: Vishwakarma Bharti , Alka David  
Published: August 2022

Nutritional deficiency is a significant public health concern that has serious implications for both health and socioeconomic development in low- and middle-income nations, children <5 years of age who are malnourished are most likely to suffer from severe malnutrition. Unicef's Joint Malnutrition Estimates for 2021 reveal that stunting prevalence has been falling since 2000, but in 2020, more than one in five children under the age of five were stunted, and 45.4 million children were malnourished. Associations between malnutrition and disability are becoming increasingly important on a worldwide scale, as both are major global public health issues, both are important human rights concerns, and both are now prominent on the global health agenda. Severe malnutrition is a better term for these conditions because it reflects chronic poverty, poor living conditions with pervasive deficiencies in sanitation and hygiene, a high prevalence of infectious diseases and environmental insults, food insecurity as well as poor maternal and foetal nutritional status, along with inadequate nutrition in infancy, toddlerhood, and childhood. A higher risk of serious illness and mortality is associated with children who are severely malnourished. This risk is due to acute infectious illnesses. Inadequate calorie or protein consumption causes acute malnutrition. As a result of low food availability caused by social, economic, and environmental factors, primary acute malnutrition is widespread in poor nations. As a result of acute starvation, biochemical alterations are triggered by metabolic, hormonal, and glucoregulatory processes. It is possible to treat the majority of children with primary acute malnutrition at home with nutrition-specific treatments (i.e., counselling of parents, ensuring household food security, etc.). Although alternative protein sources might result in cost reductions, there is no guarantee that they would. When it comes to treating children with mild acute malnutrition, alternative protein sources, notably plant-based protein substitutes, have shown more promise. Continued research on alternative proteins is important, given that cost is a key barrier to scaling up therapy for acute malnutrition and that other protein sources offer a feasible way to reduce cost. An overview of malnutrition is presented in this article, with a focus on therapy and therapeutic foods for malnutrition management.
Photo-Fenton performance and mechanism of g-C3N4/FeOCl nanocomposite under simulate sunlight
Authors: huan majinhuan , Wei Zhiqiang , Lu Qiang , Li Chao , Li Ling 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
g-C3N4/FeOCl nanocomposites are prepared by a simple calcination method according to the different composite mass ratios of g-C3N4 and FeOCl. The structural and morphological characterization of the composite samples by XRD and SEM and TEM revealed the presence of g-C3N4 around FeOCl, but did not change FeOCl crystal structure. The pH range of the composites was found to be wide from the photo-Fenton experiments, and the adsorption and photo-Fenton performance were good under weak alkaline conditions. Moreover, the photocatalytic experiments from the composite samples revealed that the presence of g-C3N4 improved the light catalystic performance of FeOCl. This is attributed to the formation of Z-type heterojunctions by the composite of FeOCl and g-C3N4, which reduces the carriers complexation efficiency. ·OH plays a major role in the removal of organic matter from water. The cyclic stability properties of the composites are excellent, which implies a great prospect for industrial use. In this work, the high-efficiency photo-Fenton performance of g-C3N4/FeOCl-2 provides a new idea about the modification of pure FeOCl.
Ultra-sensitive label-free deep profiling of N-glycans released from biomedically-relevant samples
Authors: MARIE Anne-Lise , Ray Somak , Ivanov Alexandar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Protein glycosylation profiles can serve as sensitive and specific disease biomarkers. Labeling procedures for improved separation and detectability of oligosaccharides have several drawbacks, including incomplete derivatization, side-products, noticeable desialylation/defucosylation, sample loss, and interference with downstream analysis. We developed a novel label-free workflow based on high sensitivity capillary zone electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CZE-MS) for profiling of native underivatized released N-glycans that resulted in > 45-fold increase in signal intensity compared to conventional techniques. Qualitative and quantitative N-glycan profiling of purified human serum IgG, bovine serum fetuin, bovine pancreas ribonuclease B, blood-derived extracellular vesicle isolates, and total plasma resulted in detection of > 250, >400, > 150, >310, and > 520 N-glycans, respectively, using injected amounts equivalent to < 25 ng of model protein and nL-levels of plasma-derived samples. Compared to reported results for biological samples of similar amounts and complexity, the number of identified N-glycans was increased up to ~ 15-fold. Also, previously undetected highly sialylated N-glycans were identified and structurally characterized. For the first time, untreated sialic acid-linkage isomers were resolved in a single CZE-MS analysis.
Prevalence and Psychosocial Correlates of Cyberbullying among Adolescents in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Authors: Mireku Dickson Okoree , Sarfo Jacob Owusu , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cyberbullying is presently a growing public health concern, especially among adolescents. This study investigated the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of cyberbullying among in-school adolescents in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. We explored the 2018 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines’ Global School-based Health Survey with a sample size of 1,877 in-school teenagers (aged 11 - 18 years old). Using a binomial logistic regression modelling, statistically estimated Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) at a 95% confidence interval were utilised to determine the predictors of cyberbullying. Results showed a 15.7% (10.8% males vs 20.5% females) prevalence of cyberbullying among in-school teenagers. Also, psychosocial correlates like being a female, being physically attacked, being involved in a physical fight, being bullied on a school property, being bullied off a school property, having ever considered suicide, and ever had sex significantly predicted cyberbullying. Further, school-based health interventions focusing on the identified psychosocial correlates are required to mitigate cyberbullying in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
Pharmacodynamic modeling of moderate sedation and rationale for dosing using midazolam, propofol and alfentanil
Authors: Liou Jing-Yang , Kuo I-Ting , Chang Weng-Kuei , Ting Chien-Kun , Tsou Mei-Yung 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Regulations have broadened to allow moderate sedation administration for gastrointestinal endoscopy by non-anesthesia personnel. The line between moderate and deep sedation is ambiguous. Deep sedation offers patient comfort as well as greater safety concerns. Unintended deep sedation can occur if drug interactions are overlooked. We present a pharmacodynamic model for moderate sedation using midazolam, alfentanil and propofol. The model is suitable for training and devising rationales for appropriate dosing.Methods: The study consists of two parts: modeling and validation. In modeling, patients scheduled for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) or colonoscopy sedation are enrolled. The modified observer’s assessment of alertness/sedation (MOAA/S) score < 4 is defined as loss of response to represent moderate sedation. Two patient groups receiving bronchoscopy or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are used for validation. Model performance is assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC). Simulations are performed to demonstrate how the model is used to rationally determine drug regimen for moderate sedation.Results: Interaction between propofol and alfentanil is stronger than the other pairwise combinations. Additional synergy is observed with three drugs. ROC AUC is 0.83 for the modeling group, and 0.96 and 0.93 for ERCP and bronchoscopy groups respectively. Model simulation suggests that 1mg midazolam, 250μg alfentanil and propofol maximally benefits from drug interactions and suitable for moderate sedation.Conclusion: We demonstrate the accurate prediction of a three-drug response surface model for moderate sedation and simulation suggests a rational dosing strategy for moderate sedation with midazolam, alfentanil and propofol.
Live video streaming of neurology ward rounds for undergraduate medical students can replace conventional bedside teaching
Authors: Sekiguchi Kenji , Kawano Seiji , Chihara Norio , Kobayashi Seimi , Maeda Eiichi , Matsumoto Riki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Although teaching ward rounds of the neurology department are considered amongst the most important educational exercises during medical learning in Japan, they are beset by several issues. Patients may find it unpleasant to undergo repeated neurological tests and think that they are being put on display in the presence of several students. However, unfortunately, only the students standing in the front row can closely observe the examination findings. Moreover, students were prohibited contact with patients during the coronavirus pandemic. To overcome these problems, we developed a secure on-premises video conferencing system for conducting live video neurology ward rounds to replace conventional bedside ward rounds
Methods
We created an on-premises web conferencing system called the Kobe University School of Medicine Web Conference Lecture System (KUMEX), which can be operated only within the hospital, using BigBlueButton, an open-source conferencing application based on Web Real-Time Communication. We attempted to broadcast live videos of the professor’s ward rounds to medical students located in a separate room. Studies were provided questionnaires to evaluate the utility and feasibility of participation in remote ward rounds.
Results
The students watched a live-streamed video of a professor examining an inpatient on a large screen in the conference room. Each examination technique was explained to the students by another teacher, who could immediately answer questions without worrying about the patient. Characteristic findings, such as plantar reflexes and fasciculations of the tongue, which are usually seen only by the students in the front rows during normal faculty rounds, could be observed under magnification by all students. This program was rated as fair or excellent by 93.7% of students who participated in the remote rounds.
Conclusion
Live-streaming of neurology ward rounds using an on-premises secure in-house web conferencing system enabled a novel style of clinical neurology education without hampering trust in the patient-physician relationship and could replace conventional bedside teaching.
Do you “Go big or go home” with Neural Networks?
Authors: Dahal Ashim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper includes study of three different text generation model approaches to test impacts on feasibility in fidelity of results while making inferior changes to data preprocessing and simultaneously increasing the models size. Chicken recipes found online were used to train text generative models for evaluation. The general theme that emerged as the result of this experiment was: the outcome of a model is dictated not only by how big it is but by how well the data was processed for it.