bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of changing chemical environment on physical properties of maize root mucilage
Authors: Knott Mathilde , Ani Mina , Kroener Eva , Diehl Doerte 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsHigh viscosity, low surface tension and hydrophobicity are specific properties of maize root mucilage which contribute to modulate the spatial configuration of the liquid phase in soil pores. Several processes in the rhizosphere, in particularly nutrient absorption, root exudation and microbial activity, may cause strong temporal variations in the chemistry of the soil solution of the rhizosphere. Although the physical properties of maize root mucilage have been repeatedly measured in the last years, their variation upon a changing chemical environment and understanding of the chemical mechanisms governing these properties remain unexplored.MethodsWe investigated how flow and surface properties of maize root mucilage varied by changes in pH, calcium chloride (CaCl2) and lecithin concentrations.ResultsThe physical properties of mucilage can strongly vary depending on the environmental conditions. Low surface tension of maize root mucilage at pH7 was increased by addition of calcium. Upon pH change and lecithin addition, hydrophobic mucilage turned hydrophilic. High Ca concentration above 0.83 mmol Ca (g dry mucilage)−1, the addition of 167 μg lecithin (g dry mucilage)−1and a pH rise to 9 decreased the viscosity of mucilage.ConclusionSuch variations strongly suggest that the role of mucilage in hydraulic processes in the rhizosphere depends on changes of solutes concentration and composition, which themselves vary according to plant growth and soil water content. It seems that mucilage can best serve as a hydraulic bridge only under certain chemical environments, whose spatio-temporal occurrence in the changing rhizosphere remains to be defined.
Adaptive grids for the estimation of dynamic models
Authors: Lanz Andreas , Reich Gregor , Wilms Ole 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper develops a method to flexibly adapt interpolation grids of value function approximations in the estimation of dynamic models using either NFXP (Rust, Econometrica: Journal of the Econom﻿etric Society, 55, 999–﻿1﻿033, 1987) or MPEC (Su & Judd, Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 80, 2213–2230, 2012). Since MPEC requires the grid structure for the value function approximation to be hard-coded into the constraints, one cannot apply iterative node insertion for grid refinement; for NFXP, grid adaption by (iteratively) inserting new grid nodes will generally lead to discontinuous likelihood functions. Therefore, we show how to continuously adapt the grid by moving the nodes, a technique referred to as r-adaption. We demonstrate how to obtain optimal grids based on the balanced error principle, and implement this approach by including additional constraints to the likelihood maximization problem. The method is applied to two models: (i) the bus engine replacement model (Rust, 1987), modified to feature a continuous mileage state, and (ii) to a dynamic model of content consumption using original data from one of the world’s leading user-generated content networks in the domain of music.
A text data mining approach to the study of emotions triggered by new advertising formats during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: D’Uggento Angela Maria , Biafora Albino , Manca Fabio , Marin Claudia , Bilancia Massimo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnder the influence of the health emergency triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, many brands changed their communication strategy and included more or less explicit references to the principles of solidarity and fraternity in their TV commercials to boost the confidence and hope of Italian families during the lockdown. The traditional attitudes of the advertising format, which focused on product characteristics, were relegated to the background in order to reinforce the “brand image” through words, signs, hashtags and music that spread empathetic messages to all those who needed to regain hope and trust in a time of extreme emotional fragility. The objective of this paper is to identify the emotions and brand awareness during the lockdown using text mining techniques by measuring customer sentiment expressed on the Twitter social network. Our proposal starts from an unstructured corpus of 20,982 tweets processed with text data mining techniques to identify patterns and trends in people’s posts related to specific hashtags and TV ads produced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The innovations in the brand’s advertising among consumers seem to have triggered some sense of appreciation and gratitude, as well as a strong sense of belonging that was not present before, as the TV ads were perceived as a disruptive element in consumers’ tweets. Although this effect is clearly documented, in this paper we demonstrate its transitory nature, in the sense that the frequency of occurrence of terms associated with an emotional dimension peaks during the weeks of lockdown, and then gradually decreases.
Assessment of the effect of perineural dexmedetomidine on oxidative stress during peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion: a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli , Liu Guangsen , Sun Cong , Zhong Yi , Wang Ling , Huang Zhihua , Wang Guoping , Shan Reai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine on oxidative stress during transversus abdominis plane (TAP) and rectus sheath (RS) blockades for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter insertion.

Methods
Sixty patients with ESRD undergoing PD catheter insertion to receive left ultrasound-guided TAP and RS blockades were randomly divided into two groups: the dexmedetomidine plus ropivacaine group (25 mL of 0.3% ropivacaine + 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine) and the ropivacaine group (25 mL of 0.3% ropivacaine). Primary outcomes were oxidative stress marker levels during the procedure.

Results
A total of 60 patients (30 patients in each group) were evaluated. Compared with the ropivacaine group, the dexmedetomidine plus ropivacaine group had significantly lower serum malondialdehyde levels (P < 0.05) and increased glutathione peroxidase (P < 0.01) and superoxide dismutase levels at 24 h after the procedure (P < 0.01).

Conclusion
The addition of 1 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided TAP and RS blockades could inhibit oxidative stress in patients with ESRD undergoing PD catheter insertion.
Trial registration This study was registered at www.chictr.org.cn on June 7, 2021 (ChiCTR2100047050).
Biosorption of uranium by immobilized Nostoc sp. and Scenedesmus sp.: kinetic and equilibrium modeling
Authors: Ismaiel Mostafa M. S. , El-Ayouty Yassin M. , Abdelaal Saad A. , Fathey Hoda A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDifferent activities related to uranium mining and nuclear industry may have a negative impact on the environment. Bioremediation of nuclear pollutants using microorganisms is an effective, safe, and economic method. The present study compared the uranium biosorption efficiency of two immobilized algae: Nostoc sp. (cyanophyte) and Scenedesmus sp. (chlorophyte). Effects of metal concentration, contact time, pH, and biosorbent dosage were also studied. The maximum biosorption capacity (60%) by Nostoc sp. was obtained at 300 mg/l uranium solution, 60 min, pH 4.5, and 4.2 g/l algal dosage, whereas Scenedesmus sp. maximally absorbed uranium (65 %) at 150 mg/l uranium solution, 40 min, pH 4.5, and 5.6 g/l of algal dosage. The interaction of metal ions as Na2SO4, FeCl3, CuCl2, NiCl2, CoCl2, CdCl2, and AlCl3 did not support the uranium biosorption by algae. The obtained data was adapted to the linearized form of the Langmuir isotherm model. The experimental qmax values were 130 and 75 mg/g for Nostoc sp. and Scenedesmus sp., respectively. Moreover, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was more applicable, as the calculated parameters were close to the experimental data. The biosorbents were also characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The results suggest the applicability of algae, in their immobilized form, for recovery and biosorption of uranium from aqueous solution.
Kompetenzniveaus neuer Rollen in der Schweizer Gesundheitsversorgung: eine Literaturrecherche
Authors: Eissler Christian , Zumstein-Shaha Maya 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
In der Schweizer Gesundheitsversorgung etablieren sich neue Rollen wie Advanced Practice Nurse (APN), klinische Fachspezialistinnen und -spezialisten (KliF) sowie medizinische Praxiskoordinatorinnen und -koordinatoren (MPK). Zentrale Unterschiede betreffen die verschiedenen Kompetenzniveaus und die damit verbundene Handlungskompetenz.

Fragestellung/Ziel
Stimmen aktuell beschriebene Handlungsfelder der Berufsrollen APN, KliF und MPK mit definierten Kompetenzniveaus überein? Ziel ist es zur Klärung der Rollen APN, KliF und MPK beizutragen.

Methoden
Mittels einer Literaturrecherche wurden in MEDLINE (via PubMed) und CINAHL (via EBSCO) sowie auf einschlägigen Webseiten, zwischen 2019 und 2022, aufgefundene Publikationen durch die beiden Autoren analysiert.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurden 13 Publikationen beurteilt. Handlungsfelder von APN waren v. a. im hochspezialisierten Bereich Behandlung, Begleitung sowie Beratung von Patientinnen und Patienten. Handlungsfelder von KliF waren delegierte Assistenzaufgaben unter ärztlicher Aufsicht und bei MPK wurden vordergründig administrative und koordinative Handlungsfelder beschrieben. Die jeweiligen Handlungsfelder konnten orientierend mit den zugehörigen Kompetenzniveaus in Verbindung gebracht werden.

Diskussion
Kompetenzniveaus von bekannten Handlungsparametern bis spezialisierten Problemlösungsfertigkeiten zeigen, wie entscheidend die notwendige Ausbildung ist. Für die Ausübung der jeweiligen Rolle sind die notwendigen Bildungsstufen elementar, damit Verantwortung und Kompetenzen übereinstimmen, um Aufgaben Handlungskompetent und selbständig erfüllen zu können.

Schlussfolgerungen
Grundlage einer gelingenden interprofessionellen Zusammenarbeit ist ein kompetenzbasierter Einsatz der jeweiligen Rolle, welche das Gesundheitssystem bereichern und entlasten kann.
Pseudo Numerical Ranges and Spectral Enclosures
Authors: Gerhat Borbala , Tretter Christiane 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe introduce the new concepts of pseudo numerical range for operator functions and families of sesquilinear forms as well as the pseudo block numerical range for $$n\!\times \! n$$

n

×

n

operator matrix functions. While these notions are new even in the bounded case, we cover operator polynomials with unbounded coefficients, unbounded holomorphic form families of type (a) and associated operator families of type (B). Our main results include spectral inclusion properties of pseudo numerical ranges and pseudo block numerical ranges. For diagonally dominant and off-diagonally dominant operator matrices they allow us to prove spectral enclosures in terms of the pseudo numerical ranges of Schur complements that no longer require dominance order 0 and not even $$<\!1$$

<

1

. As an application, we establish a new type of spectral bounds for linearly damped wave equations with possibly unbounded and/or singular damping.
A prognostic model of acute-on-chronic liver failure based on sarcopenia
Authors: Peng Hong , Zhang Qian , Luo Lei , Lei Siyi , Xiong Tingting , Long Li , Xiong Yan , Zhang Liulu , Zheng Jinding , Luo Xinhua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterized by the development of a syndrome associated with a high risk of short-term death in patients with acute decompensated cirrhosis, and better indicators are needed to predict such outcomes. Sarcopenia, a common complication of cirrhosis, is closely associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality. In this study, the skeletal muscle index of ACLF patients was measured to determine whether sarcopenia combined with clinical parameters can aid in identifying those at high risk of progression.

Methods
A total of 433 hospitalized patients with ACLF according to the APASL criteria were included and allocated into two groups: transplantation-free survival (n = 293) or progression (n = 140, 107 died; 33 underwent liver transplantation) within 90 days. Muscle mass was assessed based on the skeletal muscle index. The optimal cut-off value of the AMPAS1 model (age, MELD score, platelet count, alpha-fetoprotein level, sarcopenia, and more than one complication combination) for progression prediction was identified using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Results
Sarcopenia was an independent risk factor for progression in the ACLF population (HR 3.771 95% CI 2.114–6.727, p < 0.001). AMPAS1 was a good predictor, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.865, and the cut-off value for poor outcome prediction was 0.31 (sensitivity 79.4%, specificity 76.4%).

Conclusion
We demonstrate that sarcopenia is a simple and objective indicator for predicting short-term prognosis in patients with ACLF. Moreover, compared to conventional prognostic scores, AMPAS1 is a better model for predicting 90 day adverse outcomes in ACLF patients.
Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Scientific Practice: Explicable AI as an Interface
Authors: Ratti Emanuele 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA recent article by Herzog provides a much-needed integration of ethical and epistemological arguments in favor of explicable AI (XAI) in medicine. In this short piece, I suggest a way in which its epistemological intuition of XAI as “explanatory interface” can be further developed to delineate the relation between AI tools and scientific research.
Dual biogas/biochar production from anaerobic co-digestion of petrochemical and domestic wastewater: a techno-economic and sustainable approach
Authors: Atukunda Anita , Ibrahim Mona G. , Fujii Manabu , Ookawara Shinichi , Nasr Mahmoud 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the utilization of petrochemical and domestic wastewater (PCW and DW) for dual biogas and biochar production, focusing on the economic and sustainable development criteria. Biogas yield by anaerobic co-digestion of a 0:1 (PCW:DW) feed was 306.4±11.8 mL per g chemical oxygen demand (COD) removed, which dropped by 12.7% with changing PCW:DW to 1:0. The results indicated that increasing the DW fraction in the feed encouraged the conversion of COD into more biogas and sludge amounts. The anaerobic sludge was subjected to pyrolysis to generate biochar with a yield of 0.6 g/g dry sludge. The delivered biochar showed appropriate surface morphology, elemental composition, physical properties, and surface functional groups, as demonstrated by SEM/EDX, XRD, and FTIR characterizations. The COD mass balance estimation of the anaerobic digestion system, with biochar yield, was used to determine the economic feasibility of treating 30 m3/day of wastewater. The 1:0 (PCW:DW) condition provided the most feasible scenario, with profits of 3340, 192, and 2819 USD/year for energy income, biochar selling, and pollution reduction, respectively. This economic benefit was equivalent to a payback period of 5.38 years. The fulfillment of multiple sustainable development goals (SDGs) related to clean and renewable energy production, human health protection, and economic growth was highlighted.
Graphical abstract
Using Multidisciplinary Analysis to Develop Adaptation Options against Extreme Coastal Floods
Authors: Shan Xinmeng , Wang Jun , Wen Jiahong , Hu Hengzhi , Wang Lei , Yin Jie , Li Mengya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLong-term flood risk adaptation and decision making are complex because the future is full of deep uncertainties. Flexibility and robustness can be used to deal with future uncertainty. This study developed an integrated modeling framework that extends previous studies to the spatial domain to assess the future flood risks and the cost and benefit of three adaptation measures for four types of buildings in Shanghai. Real options analysis (ROA) and dynamic adaptive policy pathways (DAPP) were integrated to develop a dynamic adaptation pathway and identify robust adaptation options. The results show that: (1) Sea level rise and land subsidence will significantly exacerbate the flood risks in Shanghai; (2) Among the three flood control measures, wet-floodproofing has the best economic performance in terms of both the net present value and the benefit/cost ratio, followed by dry-floodproofing, and elevation; (3) Dry-floodproofing can be used at the beginning of the future period (2030–2100), and it can be replaced by wet-floodproofing in 2035–2042; the elevation measure also shows good performance at the beginning of implementation, but its performance will decline after 2041–2045; (4) The combined strategy of dry- and wet-floodproofing in 2044–2046 and a hybrid strategy combining the three measures should be the optimal solution for reducing the flood risks in 2047–2051. The methodology developed in this study can provide insights for coastal cities to formulate cost-effective and feasible adaptation strategies in a deeply uncertain future.
„Du musst noch nicht die ganze Welt bewegen, du hast gerade erst angefangen“ –
Authors: Braun Annika , Weiß Sabine , Langenohl Susanne , Schlegel Clemens M. , Kiel Ewald 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Studie untersucht Feedbackprozesse in Mentor/in-Mentee-Beziehungen auf der Grundlage von Gruppendiskussionen. Praxislehrpersonen und Lehramtsstudierende im Praktikum diskutierten Bedingungen einer gelungenen Gestaltung von Feedback in schulischen Praktika. Die zugrundeliegende Stichprobe besteht aus 57 Studierenden und 96 Praktikumslehrkräften aus Grund- und Mittelschulen. Deren Rekrutierung erfolgte im Rahmen eines Praktikums, das sich über ein Schuljahr erstreckt. Ausgewertet wurden die 21 Gruppendiskussionen mithilfe derQualitativen Inhaltsanalyse, durch die verschiedene Kategorien zu Feedbackprozessen induktiv abgeleitet wurden.Die Studie deutet eine Betreuungspraxis im Praktikum an, die sich an konstruktivistisch orientierten Mentoringkonzepten orientiert. Im Zuge dessen betten Mentor/innen und Mentees Feedback in eine reziprok gestaltete Mentor/in-Mentee-Beziehung ein und stellen eine beidseitige Lernbereitschaft in den Mittelpunkt. Dadurch kann Lernen, Unterrichten und Reflektieren in Kokonstruktion stattfinden, deren Basis Wertschätzung und (Fehler‑)Offenheit bilden. Ein auf diesen Grundlagen gestaltetes Feedback zielt auf die Professionalisierung von Mentor/innen und Mentees gleichermaßen und dient der (Weiter‑)Entwicklung einer (individuellen) Lehrer/innenpersönlichkeit.Die Resultate liefern Impulse oder Ideen für die Weiterentwicklung etablierter Feedbackmodelle und Implikationen für die Betreuungspraxis in Praktika.
Three-dimensionally (3D) printed sand molds for custom glass parts
Authors: Giesecke Rena , Dillenburger Benjamin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe presented research investigates a digital fabrication method for custom glass building elements based on three-dimensionally (3D) printed molds. Custom glass parts with specific geometries usually require several steps of manufacturing, highly specialized craft, or machinery. Computer Numerical Control milled steel molds are only suitable for large lot sizes due to their high cost and limited geometric freedom. Lost-wax casting requires several steps of manufacturing and post-processing. This paper investigates an accessible, low-cost process for shaping glass artifacts using 3D-printed molds to close the gap between mass-produced and custom-crafted glass elements. Previous research has demonstrated the potential of using binder jetting with inorganic binders for glass casting. This paper investigates a range of traditional manufacturing methods besides glass casting that can be combined with 3D-printed molds, including foundry and kiln casting, blow molding, and slumping. The aim is to extend the manufacturing possibilities and provide a range of approaches for three-dimensional glass. The goal is to simplify the process from design to production of three-dimensional solid, hollow, or doubly curved sheet glass elements with high precision. This paper presents investigations of binder jetting techniques and material considerations, their heat resistance, compatibility with different glass- making processes, and coatings for mold treatment. Furthermore, the precision of the resulting glass parts is evaluated, and design guidelines for glass typologies are defined. Glass bricks or sheets for facades with geometric features enabled by the presented fabrication method could allow for novel optical, structural, or decorative properties in building elements.
Combined Effect of Prickly Pear Waste Biochar and Azolla on Soil Fertility, Growth, and Yield of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Plants
Authors: Al-Sayed Hassan M. , Ali Ahmed M. , Mohamed Mahmoud A. , Ibrahim Mostafa F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough the use of biochar to promote plant growth has been reported by many researchers, the combined effect of prickly pear waste biochar (BC) and Azolla (AZ) in a field experiment on the roselle plants did yet receive attention. Therefore, the study aims to evaluate the effect of biochar and Azolla extract on the growth, production, and quality of roselle plants. The experiment treatments were in a completely randomized block design with three replicates. Biochar was added at rates of 0, 10, and 20 ton ha−1and AZ was applied at rates of 0, 3, and 6% in addition to a control treatment. Biochar added at high rate (20 ton ha−1) significantly increased the fresh and dry weights of sepals by 27.98 and 35.73%, respectively, compared to the control. The corresponding values were significantly increased by 11.89 and 11.85% over the control when Azolla was added at rate of 6%. The interaction effect of both BC and AZ treatments at high rate significantly increased the fresh and dry weight of sepals by 47.16 and 60.59%, respectively, compared to the control. The interaction effect of BC and AZ realized significant effect on soil properties, growth and yield, as well as pigments of roselle plants. This is a good evident means that BC and AZ applications separately or combined are considered promising materials for sustainable organic agriculture and safety food.
Stakeholder perceptions in organizational crisis management: exploring alternative configurations
Authors: Contreras-Pacheco Orlando E. , Claasen Cyrlene , Garrigós-Simón Fernando J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCrises are socially constructed. Affected stakeholders of an organizational crisis conceive complex associations between their perceptions of the implicated company's response and about the company itself. The study moves away from a simple cause–effect view by deriving alternative configurations of these associations. This approach allows for a better understanding of how stakeholders attribute responsibility for a critical event and the resulting crisis faced by the company that caused it. Using partial least squares structural equation modeling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, we analyze insights of 325 families affected by an environmental incident in 2018 involving Colombia's largest company. We establish a correlation between stakeholders' perceptions of crisis response timeliness and credibility. Accordingly, we expand on how perceptions affect organizational judgments. Finally, we propose that trustworthiness and reputation are antecedents to how organizational crisis response is perceived and how these antecedents affect the degree of the severity of the company crisis.