bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Detections of Phosphorus Molecules toward Solar-type Protostars
Authors: Wurmser Serena , Bergner Jennifer B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Phosphorus is a necessary element for life on Earth, but at present, we have limited constraints on its chemistry in star- and planet-forming regions; to date, phosphorus carriers have only been detected toward a few low-mass protostars. Motivated by an apparent association between phosphorus molecule emission and outflow shocking, we used the IRAM 30 m telescope to target PN and PO lines toward seven solar-type protostars with well-characterized outflows and firmly detected phosphorus molecules in three new sources. This sample, combined with archival observations of three additional sources, enables the first exploration of the demographics of phosphorus chemistry in low-mass protostars. The sources with PN detections show evidence for strong outflow shocks based on their H2O 110–101 fluxes. On the other hand, no protostellar properties or bulk outflow mechanical properties are found to correlate with the detection of PN. This implies that gas-phase phosphorus is specifically linked to shocked gas within the outflows. Still, the PN and PO line kinematics suggest an emission origin in postshocked gas rather than directly shocked material. Despite sampling a wide range of protostellar properties and outflow characteristics, we find a fairly narrow range of source-averaged PO/PN ratios (0.6–2.2) and volatile P abundances as traced by (PN+PO)/CH3OH (∼1%–3%). Spatially resolved observations are needed to further constrain the emission origins and environmental drivers of the phosphorus chemistry in these sources.
Spectral Rotational Characterization of the Didymos System prior to the DART Impact*
Authors: Ieva Simone , Mazzotta Epifani E. , Perna D. , Dall’Ora M. , Petropoulou V. , Deshapriya J. D. P. , Hasselmann P. H. , Rossi A. , Poggiali G. , Brucato J. R. , Pajola M. , Lucchetti A. , Ivanovski S. L. , Palumbo P. , Corte V. Della , Zinzi A. , Rivkin A. S. , Thomas C. A. , de León J. , Dotto E. , Amoroso M. , Bertini I. , Capannolo A. , Cotugno B. , Cremonese G. , Tana V. Di , Gai I. , Impresario G. , Lavagna M. , Meneghin A. , Miglioretti F. , Modenini D. , Pirrotta S. , Simioni E. , Simonetti S. , Tortora P. , Zannoni M. , Zanotti G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The smallest member of the Didymos binary near-Earth object system (Dimorphos) is the target of the DART/LICIACube mission, the first attempt to change the orbit of another celestial body via a kinetic impactor. It is important to characterize the unperturbed system prior to the DART impact. In this work we obtained, for the first time, spectral characterization of the system at several rotational phases from TNG+DOLORES in the visible range (0.34–0.81 μm). This is crucial in order to disentangle the primary and secondary bodies and highlight eventual dishomogeneities on their surfaces. We confirm that a subtle but persistent spectral variability appears, even when compared with data obtained from previous 2003 and 2019 apparitions. While the reason for such variability is still under investigation, our analysis hints that different compositions could play a role. Future observations during the brighter 2022 apparition in synergy with data obtained from LUKE on board LICIACube will definitely tackle this conundrum.
L’« allergie » à Durkheim : Raymond Aron et l’épisode de son élection au Collège de France
Authors: Birnbaum Pierre 
Published: August 2022

Raymond Aron a souvent insisté sur ses réserves théoriques à l’égard de la sociologie durkheimienne qu’il considérait comme holiste, et sur sa préférence pour la sociologie de l’action de Max Weber qu’il estimait davantage tournée vers l’histoire et la politique. Dès lors, nous souhaitons d’abord revenir sur la réception, plus que critique, des écrits d’Aron par les héritiers de Durkheim. On se propose ensuite d’analyser le contexte historique et intellectuel de son élection au Collège de France, en avril 1970, où il succède à plusieurs durkheimiens comme Marcel Mauss dont il refuse la conception de la nation considérée comme un tout. On examine les votes successifs des membres du Collège, leurs prises de position, le rôle important dévolu à Claude Lévi-Strauss, et le ralliement final d’Aron à une sociologie durkheimienne à l’égard de laquelle il confesse s’être montré plein d’« injustice ».
L’armée française en Afghanistan (2001-2012). L’illusion de la pacification
Authors: Lafaye Christophe 
Published: August 2022

L’Afghanistan marque pour l’armée française le retour des combats de haute intensité. Entre 2001 et 2014, 70 000 soldats s’y rendent, faisant de ce théâtre d’opération un véritable creuset pour une nouvelle génération du feu après celle de la guerre d’Algérie. Engagée au sein de la Force internationale d’assistance et de sécurité (FIAS), l’armée de Terre redécouvre entre 2009 et 2011 les combats de contre-insurrection. Elle développe une approche de la pacification centrée sur la population entre 2009 et 2010 avant de basculer dans des combats de haute intensité, préambule au retrait.
Écrire en guerre, Écrire la guerre. Ego-documents des légionnaires italiens pendant la guerre d’Indochine
Authors: Terzoli Mariella 
Published: August 2022

À travers l’étude des sources autobiographiques, l’article analyse la complexité de l’expérience de guerre vécue par les légionnaires italiens employés en Indochine. La conscience de la nouveauté et du caractère unique de l’expérience de la guerre, ainsi que la nostalgie d’affections lointaines, ont poussé certains légionnaires à écrire des lettres, des journaux intimes – parfois rédigés après la guerre –, des mémoires. Les récits individuels nous permettront d’accéder aux souvenirs et de comprendre la centralité de cette expérience dans la vie du combattant, constituant pour ceux qui racontent ainsi que pour leurs familles un véritable turning point . Il s’agit donc de réfléchir à des parcours individuels étant pertinents non seulement pour leurs aspects subjectifs, mais aussi en ce qui concerne leur inscription dans le contexte plus large des changements sociaux et politiques de l’histoire italienne et française de l’après-guerre.
« Au milieu de l’étant » avec Heidegger. À l’approche du Geviert
Authors: Souq Pierre 
Published: August 2022

Vers 1935, après Être et temps , le concept de « milieu » ( Mitte ) apparaît de deux façons chez le philosophe allemand Martin Heidegger. Sur un plan horizontal, il se trouve, par-delà le « monde ambiant » ( Umwelt ), à l’intersection de l’homme et des dieux, où c’est le poète qui l’incarne à partir du langage ; selon une dimension verticale, il montre un « saut » ( Sprung ) à l’entre-deux du monde et de la terre. En nous appuyant notamment sur la pensée des Beiträge (1936-1940), nous comprenons alors le « milieu » ( Mitte ) comme le centre du Geviert (le Quadriparti) qui permet de localiser « l’être le là » ( Das Da-sein ), à « l’entre-deux » ( Das Zwischen ) du monde et de la terre, mais aussi de l’homme et des dieux. Se faisant, nous sortons de la représentation commune d’une croix ou d’un carré, comme le Geviert semble le dire, pour ouvrir un cercle où la pensée demeure en quête de l’Être.
Trend analysis in seroprevalence of dengue, chikungunya and malaria: A seven-year serological study from a tertiary care hospital of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Palewar Meghna S , Joshi Suvarna , Yanamandra Sushma , Pol Sae , Dedwal Ashwini , Anand Ankita , Sadafale Ashish , Karyakarte Rajesh 
Published: August 2022

Background & objectives:
Dengue, chikungunya and malaria are mosquito-borne infections, which have shared endemicity and similar clinical presentation. Simultaneous co-infection with more than one infectious agent complicates the diagnosis and further course of treatment. This study aims to determine the seroprevalence and trend of malaria, dengue and chikungunya from 2014–2020 in a tertiary care hospital of western India.

Methods:
The present study was retrospective descriptive record-based. Serum samples from clinically suspected dengue and chikungunya were subjected to both IgM antibody capture ELISA kits produced by National Institute of Virology (NIV), Pune, India. They were also subjected to ELISA based NS1Ag testing. In Suspected malaria cases, blood collected in EDTA tubes was subjected for Rapid Malaria antigen testing. Statistical analysis was performed using MS Excel and JMP Software.

Results:
Seropositivity of malaria was comparatively higher in 2014 (5.53%) and a decreasing trend was observed in subsequent years. Majority of malarial infections were caused by Plasmodium vivax (81.67%). There is drastic increase in seropositivity of chikungunya from 2016 (23.67%) and thereafter as compared to 2014 (6.57%) and 2015 (7.29%) indicating its re-emergence. The dengue seropositivity in 2019 (40.19%) was highest in last seven years. Males were predominantly affected, and most affected age group was 21–30 years. Peak transmission was observed in post-monsoon seasons. Dengue and chikungunya co-infection was observed to be 5.79%.

Interpretation & conclusion:
This study emphasizes the importance of surveillance studies to understand the trend of vector-borne diseases for prompt diagnosis, management of patients in hospital setup and for early detection and curtailment of outbreaks and epidemics by public health sectors through appropriate vector control programs.
Clinical Characteristics, Etiology, Recanalization Rates and Neurological Outcomes in CVT
Authors: Jain Rajendra Singh , PV Sripadma , Tejwani Shankar 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Recanalization rates in cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) and its effect on neurological outcome have been debated worldwide and are inadequately addressed in studies from India. Our objective was to study the clinical profile of CVT and determine recanalization rates with its predictors and its effect on outcome.

Methods:
A prospective single centre cohort study on 101 patients with radiologically confirmed acute CVT between October 2018 and June 2021 was conducted. Anticoagulation was given for 3-12 months or lifelong for thrombophilias. Recanalization status of vessels was assessed between 3-6 months and at 12 months after ictus. Outcome was defined as favorable (mRS 0-1) or unfavorable. Patients with atleast one CT/MR venogram on follow up were included.

Results:
Of the 101 enrolled patients, 83 completed study protocol. Mean age of patients was 34.2 ± 11.7 years. Clinical characteristics included headache (75.9%),seizure (66.2%), altered mentation(20.4%) with clustering of cases during summers. Transverse- sigmoid sinuses were predominantly involved (66.2 %) followed by superior sagittal sinus (SSS,65.0%).Commonest etiologies were thrombophilia (27.7%) and postpartum state (15.6%). Complete recanalization was achieved in 67.4%, partial in 26.5% and no recanalization in 6.02% at end of 12 months. Recanalization rates improved from 83.09% between 3-6 months to 93.9 % at 12 months. Median time to last follow-up was 12months and at last follow up 95.1% had favorable mRS with recurrence in two patients with raised factor VIII levels.

Conclusion:
Recanalization occurred in more than 90% of CVT patients. Isolated superior sagittal sinus thrombosis and age <50 years were predictors of complete recanalization. Most patients, except few achieved a favorable mRS.
Adiponectin to Leptin Ratio and its Association with Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Mishra Pragya , Mittal Pratima , Rani Anita , Bharti Rekha , Agarwal Varsha , Suri Jyotsna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background:
Adiponectin and leptin play a major role in metabolic homeostasis. Adiponectin to Leptin ratio can be used as an indicator of insulin resistance and a marker of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The study was planned to compare serum adiponectin, leptin, and adiponectin to leptin ratio in age and BMI matched women with and without PCOS and to find out the association of adiponectin to leptin ratio with Insulin resistance in these women.

Methods:
It was a cross-sectional study done in the Gynecology outpatient clinic in a tertiary care center. A total of 120 women, 60 with PCOS and 60 age and BMI matched women without PCOS, who presented in the clinic after the index cases were enrolled and tested for serum adiponectin, leptin, and insulin sensitivity. The main outcome measures were serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, adiponectin to leptin ratio, oral glucose tolerance test, serum insulin and HOMA-IR.

Results:
PCOS women had lower serum Adiponectin, higher serum Leptin level and lower Adiponectin to Leptin ratio compared to non PCOS women, 2.15 ± 3.07 ng/ml vs 10.7 ± 27.91 ng/ml, P < 0.0001; 24.25 ± 16.5 ng/ml vs 13.89 ± 11.19 ng/ml, P = 0.0003 and 0.15 ± 0.24 vs 3.03 ± 15.04, P < 0.0001, respectively. Plasma glucose 2 hours after 75 gm glucose and serum Insulin was significantly increased in PCOS women (108.78 ± 10.22 mg/dl vs 100.18 ± 4.89 mg/dl, P = 0.001 and 5.7 ± 9.53 mU/ml vs 3.02 ± 5.34 mU/ml, P = 0.02, respectively). The mean values of fasting plasma glucose and HOMA-IR were comparable in both groups, P = 0.145, P = 0.719, respectively. There was no significant association of A/L Ratio with BMI, plasma glucose 2 hours after 75 gm glucose, serum Insulin and HOMA-IR, in these women, r = -0.074, P = 0.5754; r = -0.203, P = 0.12; r = -0.018, P = 0.8915; and r = -0.041, P = 0.757, respectively.

Conclusion:
Adiponectin to leptin ratio is significantly reduced in women with PCOS but has no association with insulin resistance.
An Observational Study showing Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Activity and Gene Expression Variation in Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) Patients from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern India
Authors: Barkondaj Bikramjit , Nargis Titli , Chakrabarti Partha , Mukhopadhyay Satinath , Biswas Kalidas , Ganguly Dipyaman , Chaterjee Chandan , Sengupta Nilanjan , Hazra Avijit 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
The studies in animal models of cirrhosis suggest that dipeptidyl peptidase type 4 (DPP-4) enzymes play a crucial role in disease pathogenesis. In this clinical observational study, activity of DPP-4 and related gene expression were analysed in chronic liver disease patients.

Objectives:
To understand the DPP-4 enzyme activity variation in the common types of chronic liver disease by assessing plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) DPP-4 activity and comparing with healthy controls and to explore DPP-4 gene expression in PBMC.

Methods:
We recruited 130 study subjects in four cohorts—46 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), 23 non-alcoholic cirrhosis (NAC) excluding viral aetiology, 21 alcoholic liver disease (ALC), and 40 control subjects. Blood samples were analysed for relevant biochemical parameters and plasma DPP-4 activity. PBMC fraction was used for the DPP-4 activity assay and gene expression analysis.

Results:
We found that lower plasma DPP-4 activity among patient cohorts but this was not statistically significant. The PBMC DPP-4 activity was significantly lower in NAFLD cohort. In the same cohort, DPP-4 gene expression in PBMC fraction was significantly increased (P < 0.05). There was significant correlation between plasma DPP-4 activity and liver injury marker alanine aminotransferase (ALT) among NAFLD (rho = 0.459, P < 0.01), NAC (rho = 0.475, P < 0.05), and ALC (rho = –0.572, P < 0.01) patients. Plasma DPP-4 activity modestly predicted ALT plasma level (beta coefficient = 0.489, P < 0.01).

Conclusions:
The PBMC DPP-4 activity and DPP-4 gene expression gets significantly altered in NAFLD patients. Plasma DPP-4 activity also shows correlation with ALT levels in CLD patients. The role of DPP-4 in disease pathology in NAFLD and other forms of CLD needs to be explored.
Factors Determining Risk Categories in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Chirayath Shiga Rappai , Menon Usha V. , Nair Vasantha , Kumar Harish , Praveen VP , Bhavani Nisha , Abraham Nithya 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma/cancer (DTC) burden in developing countries could be different from that of the developed nations.

Aims and Objectives:
To describe the clinicopathological characteristics in a cohort of DTC patients in a south Indian state of Kerala and to compare with the data from other centres.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of the data collected on DTC patients, from January 2010 to August 2018, attending thyroid cancer clinic at a tertiary care centre.

Results:
mong the 944 patients (male 262; female 682; mean age 43.8 years; standard deviation, SD 13.8), types of tumour were as follows: classical papillary thyroid carcinoma (cPTC) 48.3%, follicular variants of PTC (FVPTC) 28.8%, follicular and hurthle cell carcinoma (FTC&HCC) 10.1%. Mean size of the tumour was 2.7 cm (SD 1.8) papillary thyroid micro carcinomas (PTMC) were seen in 113 patients (12%), which were detected incidentally. Metastases were present at diagnosis in 40.2% cases, most common site being cervical lymph nodes. Distant metastases were seen in 113 patients (14.5%) and commonest site was bone. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk stratification was possible only in 684 subjects and showed 31.3% low risk, 41.8% intermediate risk and 26.9% at high-risk category. Lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were the commonest determining factors for intermediate and high-risk category, respectively. High-risk category was significantly higher in patients >55 years, tumour size >4 cm, FTC/HCC tumour type and extranodal extension (ENE) of lymph node metastasis. Radio active iodine ablation was given to 85.2% subjects.

Conclusion:
In our DTC population, FVPTC formed the second most common type and PTMC were all incidentalomas. Metastasis at diagnosis was higher suggesting delayed presentation. Old age, FTC/HCC, large size of the tumour, ENE were significantly higher in high-risk patients. Rest of the features of these cohort was comparable with the United States cohort of DTC patients.
Clear-Cell Variant of Ameloblastic Carcinoma: Pathological Insights for a more Specific Categorization
Authors: Aggarwal Dipanshu , Jain Anshi , Farnaz Huma , Shetty Devi Charan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The presence of clear cells is associated with the aggressiveness of the lesion and also poses a diagnostic dilemma. Hence, specific categorization of the lesion is of the utmost importance for therapeutic intervention. A 70-year-old male patient reported with a chief complaint of discomfort and swelling in the left mandibular alveolar region. Biopsy from the lesion was suggestive of ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) with clear-cell differentiation. The differential diagnosis of clear-cell components can be clear-cell odontogenic carcinoma, clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the salivary gland, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and metastatic neoplasm. In the present case, the pathogenesis of this rare tumor is studied with the help of molecular markers such as p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and p63 along with special stains such as periodic acid-Schiff, mucicarmine, and alcian blue. The clinical and biological behavior of these lesser-known variants has not been established due to the scarcity of meta-analysis and systematic reviews. Thus, this rare case of AC with clear-cell differentiation would highlight the pathogenesis, prognosis, and outcome of the disease with unusual histological presentation than conventional AC.
Exceptions vs. Non-exceptions in Sound Changes: Morphological Condition and Frequency
Authors: Liu Sha 
Published: July 2022

This paper takes an approach different from most previous studies by firstly comparing exceptions with non-exceptions in the diphthongization of [i] to [ei] in Mandarin (AD 1324–Present) to locate factors that explain exceptions. Then it focuses solely on non-exceptional morphemes in this process by comparing morphemes at the forefront of this process with those undergoing it later to examine factors to explain morphemes leading this sound change. Statistical analysis shows that morphemes with the highest frequency among all related morphemes tend to be exceptions to diphthongization of [i] to [ei], and morphemes with high frequency among those non-exceptional morphemes tend to undergo this process earlier. In addition, the factor of frequency change, a proposal of this paper, is statistically significantly correlated with morphemes that lead diphthongization. The morphological condition has been rejected as statistically significant both for explaining exceptions to sound change and leading morphemes in sound change.
Features of cytokine status of the newborns with seizures
Authors: Gurbanova G. M. , Ragimova Naila J. qızı 
Published: August 2022

The aim of the present study was to assess the level of cytokines in newborn children of various gestational terms with seizures. A prospective, comprehensive study of 307 newborns of various gestational ages with seizures was carried out.
Evaluation of anamnestic data, antenatal, intrapartum risk factors with using statistical methods showed that mothers of newborns (respectively, full-term and premature) with seizures had a high percentage of extragenital diseases (31.83.7% 2 = 15.4, p = 0.009, vs 62.35.0% 2 = 27.2, p1 0.001), gynecological disorders (49.13.6% 2 = 37.1 p 0.001, and 47.05.1% 2 = 9.69 p1 = 0.046), threatened miscarriage (9.12.5% 2 = 11.290 p 0.001, and 28.54.7% 2 = 14.779 p1 0.001), anemia of pregnancy (40.03.6% 2 = 14.9 , p 0.001 vs 66.44.3% 2 = 18.9, p 0.001). After EEG examination, we found that in most cases, 78 (30.0%) newborns exhibited polymorphic convulsions, i.e. a combination of different types of convulsions. The atypical convulsions were reported in 64 (24.5%) newborns, with a predominance of preterm infants 61 (40.4%). Clonic seizures were more common in full-term infants (n = 34; 30.9%) and preterm (n = 26; 17.2%). Myoclonic convulsions were found mainly in preterm newborns 21% (13.9%). Tonic convulsions were found in only 5 cases (5.3%). According to neurosonographic data, brain swelling was reported in 83 (31.8%), ventriculomegaly in 44 (16.9%), ventriculitis in 43 (16.5%), intraventricular hemorrhage in 66 (15.3%) newborns of the main group. In the control group, periventricular hemorrhage was observed in 37 (14.2%) newborns. Frequency of these disorders in preterm infants was 18.6% higher than in full-term infants (2 = 13.3; p = 0.004). Altered immunological reactivity in newborns with seizures manifested as abnormal cytokine status and significantly elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, 1.9-fold; IL-6, 3-fold; TNF 3.3-fold increase) compared with newborns of control group. Increased concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines in newborns with HIE is associated with maintenance of seizure activity and aggravates further unfavorable neurological outcome. The cerebral disorders and dysfunction of different organs and systems were found to correlate with immune parameters. Hence, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines may be used as a screening marker in diagnostics and prediction of neonatal seizures in presence of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system.