bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reoperation and Perioperative Complications after Surgical Treatment of Cervical Radiculopathy: A Comparison between Three Procedures
Authors: Nayak Rusheel , Razzouk Jacob , Ramos Omar , Ruckle David , Chiu Anthony , Parel Philip , Stoll William , Patel Shalin , Thakkar Savyasachi , Danisa Olumide A. 
Published: October 2022

Study Design.
A retrospective database study.

Objective.
The purpose of our study was to compare the perioperative complications and reoperation rates after ACDF, CDA, and PCF in patients treated for cervical radiculopathy.

Summary of Background Data.
Cervical radiculopathy results from compression or irritation of nerve roots in the cervical spine. While most cervical radiculopathy is treated nonoperatively, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA), and posterior cervical foraminotomy (PCF) are the techniques most commonly used if operative intervention is indicated. There is limited research evaluating the perioperative complications of these surgical techniques.

Methods.
A retrospective review was performed using the PearlDiver Patient Record Database to identify cases of cervical radiculopathy that underwent ACDF, CDA, or PCF at 1 or 2 levels from 2007 to 2016. Perioperative complications and reoperations following each of the procedures were assessed.

Results.
During the study period, 25,051 patients underwent ACDF, 522 underwent CDA, and 3,986 underwent PCF. After propensity score matching, each of the three groups consisted of 507 patients. Surgical site infection rates were highest after PCF (2.17%) compared with ACDF (0.20%) and CDA (0.59%) at 30-days and 3-months, P=0.003, P<0.001 respectively. New onset cervicalgia was highest following ACDF (34.32%) and lowest after PCF (22.88%) at 3- and 6-months, P<0.001 and P=0.003, respectively. Revision surgeries were highest among those who underwent CDA (6.90%) versus ACDF (3.16%) and PCF (3.55%) at 6-months, P=0.007. Limb paralysis was significantly higher after PCF compared to CDA and ACDF at 6-months, P<0.017.

Conclusion.
The rate of surgical site infection was higher in PCF compared to ACDF and CDA. New-onset cervicalgia was higher after ACDF compared to PCF and CDA at short term follow up. Revision surgeries were highest among those undergoing CDA and lowest in those undergoing ACDF.

Level of Evidence.
3
Laparoscopic Versus Abdominal Radical Hysterectomy for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Zhang Fuyun , Song Xiaomei 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) and open abdominal radical hysterectomy (ARH) have been used for cervical cancer treatment. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of LRH and ARH in the treatment of cervical cancer to provide reliable evidence to the clinical cervical cancer treatment.

Methods:
Two investigators independently searched PubMed and other databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing LRH and ARH for cervical cancer treatment up to May 31, 2022. The risk of bias assessment tool recommended by Cochrane library was used for quality assessment. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results:
Fourteen RCTs with a total of 1700 patients with cervical cancer were finally included. Meta-analyses indicated that compared with ARH, LRH reduced the intraoperative blood loss (mean difference [MD]=−58.08; 95% CI, −70.91, −45.24), the time to first passage of flatus (MD=−14.50; 95% CI, −16.55, −12.44) (all P<0.05), and increase the number of lymph nodes removed (MD=3.47; 95% CI, 0.51, 6.43; P=0.02). There were no significant differences in the duration of surgery (MD=27.62; 95% CI, −6.26, 61.49), intraoperative complications (odd ratio [OR]=1.10; 95% CI, 0.17, 7.32), postoperative complications (OR=0.78; 95% CI, 0.33, 1.86), relapse rate (OR=1.45; 95% CI, 0.56, 3.74), and survival rate (OR=0.75; 95% CI, 0.52, 1.08) between LRH group and ARH group (all P>0.05).

Conclusions:
LRH has more advantages over ARH in the treatment of cervical cancer. Still, the long-term effects and safety of LRH and ARH need more high-quality, large-sample RCTs to be further verified.
Factors Associated With Lymph Node Yield and Effects of Lymph Node Density on Survival of Patients With Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Liying , Huang Tao , Li Li , Feng Aozi , He Ningxia , Li Shuna , Lyu Jun 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with lymph node yield (LNY) during surgeries for pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) and to determine effects of lymph node density (LND) on the overall survival (OS) of patients with PSC.

Materials and Methods:
The SEER Research Plus database was searched for data on patients with PSC from 1988 to 2018. Poisson regression was used of all patients with PSC to identify relevant factors associated with LNY. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were adopted for lymph node (LN)-positive patients to evaluate the impact of LND on OS. The 5-year OS rates of patients with PSC were compared based on their LN status and LND.

Results:
There were 545 eligible patients in the study sample, 175 of which were LN-positive. These patients had significantly lower 5-year OS than those with no positive LNs (P<0.001). Poisson regression analysis indicated relevant factors increasing LNY included higher diagnosis age, non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native races, larger tumor, pleomorphic carcinoma histology, and more advanced disease stages. The Cox regression analysis indicated higher LND (P=0.022) was probably associated with a worse prognosis for LN-positive patients. The group with LND ≥0.12 had a higher risk of death than the group with LND <0.12 (P<0.001) among LN-positive patients with PSC.

Conclusions:
Patients with PSC with high LND experienced worse outcomes than those with low LND. Further risk stratification of patients with PSC may help to improve survival benefits based on prognostic indicators of LND.
Selective Fetal Growth Restriction in Monochorionic Diamniotic Twins: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Mazer Zumaeta Alicia , Gil María Mar , Rodríguez-Fernández Miguel , Carretero Pilar , Ochoa José Hector , Casanova María Cristina , Molina Francisca Sonia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) is a severe condition that complicates 10% to 15% of all monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies. Pregnancies complicated with sFGR are at high risk of intrauterine demise or adverse perinatal outcome for the twins. Three clinical types have been described according to the umbilical artery (UA) Doppler pattern observed in the smaller twin: type I, when the UA Doppler is normal; type II, when there is persistent absent or reversed end-diastolic blood flow in the UA Doppler; and type III, when there is intermittent absent and/or reversed end-diastolic blood flow in the UA Doppler. Clinical evolution and management options mainly depend on the type of sFGR. Type I is usually associated with a good prognosis and is managed conservatively. There is no consensus on the management of types II and III, but in earlier and more severe presentations, fetal interventions such as selective laser photocoagulation of placental anastomoses or selective fetal cord occlusion of the smaller twin may be considered. This review aims to provide updated information about the diagnosis, evaluation, follow-up, and management of sFGR in MCDA twin pregnancies.
Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Sequence: Prenatal Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Ye Xiaoqing , Wang Jiayan , Lu Jing , Li Nan , Ding Wenping , Fu Yuxia , Chen Min 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence, a severe and unique complication of monochorionic multiple pregnancy, is characterized by vascular anastomosis and abnormal or absent cardiac development in the twins. This article reviewed its pathogenesis, prenatal ultrasound diagnosis, and management. The pump twin’s chances for survival can be maximized by proper management. The optimal timing of the interventions remains a debate, although the latest studies encourage early intervention, i.e., in the first trimester. The most preferred approach is to interrupt the vascular supply to the acardius, such as through ultrasound-guided laser coagulation and radiofrequency ablation of the intrafetal vessels.
Genetic Polymorphisms in SLCO2B1 and ABCC1 Conjointly Modulate Atorvastatin Intracellular Accumulation in HEK293 Recombinant Cell Lines
Authors: Hoste Emilia , Paquot Adrien , Panin Nadtha , Horion Shaleena , El Hamdaoui Halima , Muccioli Giulio G. , Haufroid Vincent , Elens Laure 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Although atorvastatin (ATV) is well-tolerated, patients may report muscle complaints. These are difficult to predict owing to high interindividual variability. Such side effects are linked to intramuscular accumulation of ATV. This study aimed to investigate the relative role of transporters expressed in muscle tissue in promoting or limiting drug access to cells. The impact of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SLCO2B1 coding for OATP2B1 and ABCC1 coding for MRP1 on ATV transport was also evaluated.

Methods:
HEK293 cells were stably transfected with plasmids containing cDNA encoding wild-type or variant SLCO2B1 and/or ABCC1 to generate single and double stable transfectant HEK293 recombinant models overexpressing variant or wild-type OATP2B1 (influx) and/or MRP1 (efflux) proteins. Variant plasmids were generated by site-directed mutagenesis. Expression analyses were performed to validate recombinant models. Accumulation and efflux experiments were performed at different concentrations. ATV was quantified by LC-MS/MS, and kinetic parameters were compared between single and double HEK transfectants expressing wild-type and variant proteins.

Results:
The results confirm the involvement of OATP2B1 and MRP1 in ATV cellular transport because it was demonstrated that intracellular accumulation of ATV was boosted by OATP2B1 overexpression, whereas ATV accumulation was decreased by MRP1 overexpression. In double transfectants, it was observed that increased ATV intracellular accumulation driven by OATP2B1 influx was partially counteracted by MRP1 efflux. The c.935G > A SNP in SLCO2B1 was associated with decreased ATV OATP2B1-mediated influx, whereas the c.2012G > T SNP in ABCC1 seemed to increase MRP1 efflux activity against ATV.

Conclusions:
Intracellular ATV accumulation is regulated by OATP2B1 and MRP1 transporters, whose functionality is modulated by natural genetic variants. This is significant because it may play a role in ATV muscle side-effect susceptibility.
Palpitations across the menopause transition in SWAN: trajectories, characteristics, and associations with subclinical cardiovascular disease
Authors: Carpenter Janet S. , Cortés Yamnia I. , Tisdale James E. , Sheng Ying , Jackson Elizabeth A. , Barinas-Mitchell Emma , Thurston Rebecca C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
Our objectives were to identify trajectories of palpitations over the menopause transition, characterize them, and examine associations with subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods
We analyzed the following data from the multisite, multiethnic SWAN (Study of Women Across the Nation): reported palpitations occurrence over time; baseline sociodemographic, reproductive, medication, and health-related factors; and follow-up visit subclinical CVD (carotid atherosclerosis, vascular stiffness). Trajectories of palpitations (n = 3,276), their characteristics, and their associations with subclinical CVD (n = 1,559) were identified using group-based trajectory modeling and linear and logistic regression models.

Results
Three trajectories emerged: high probability of palpitations in perimenopause to early postmenopause diminishing in late postmenopause (15.9% of women), moderate probability of palpitations in perimenopause to early postmenopause diminishing in late postmenopause (34.3%), and sustained low probability of palpitations (49.8%). In the fully adjusted multivariable model, the high probability group had a more adverse reproductive and health-related profile at baseline (higher gravidity, early perimenopause, vasomotor symptoms, poorer overall health, higher depressive symptoms, higher perceived stress, greater sleep problems, higher blood pressure). In fully adjusted multivariable models, palpitation trajectories were not related to atherosclerosis or arterial stiffness.

Conclusions
Distinct patterns of palpitations emerged, with a substantial portion of women having palpitations during the perimenopause and early postmenopause. Palpitations were not associated with subclinical CVD. Findings can help identify women at risk of palpitations during the menopause transition who may need symptom relief.
Characteristics of Corneal Endothelium in Axenfeld Rieger Spectrum
Authors: Achanta Divya Sree Ramya , Chaurasia Sunita , Mohamed Ashik , Barur Sneha Reddy , Ramappa Muralidhar , Edward Deepak P. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to compare the corneal endothelial characteristics in Axenfeld anomaly (AXA), Rieger anomaly (RGA), and Axenfeld–Rieger anomaly/syndrome with age-matched healthy controls.

Methods:
This is a retrospective, comparative case-control study of 52 eyes of 30 patients with AXA/RGA and AXA/S and 36 controls.

Results:
Median age at endothelial imaging was 21.5 years (interquartile range, 13.8–33.3 years). In the study group, the mean endothelial cell density (ECD) was 2112.4 ± 78.5 cells/mm2, the mean cell area (MCA) was 526.9 ± 28.5 μm2, and the coefficient of variation of cell size was 41.2 ± 1.8%. The ECD was significantly (all, P < 0.0001) lower than controls, while MCA (P < 0.0001), SD of cell size (P < 0.0001), and maximum cell area (P = 0.0007) were significantly higher than controls. Four eyes of 3 patients had guttae on slitlamp evaluation and endothelial imaging. There were no differences in the corneal endothelial characteristics among the clinical subtypes.

Conclusions:
Patients with AXA, RGA, and Axenfeld–Rieger anomaly/syndrome have lower ECD and increased MCA compared with normal eyes. The reduced ECD associated with inherent anterior segment alterations can predispose to the risk of postcataract surgery endothelial decompensation in these eyes. The association of guttae in some eyes needs further investigational studies.
Efficacy and Safety of Deep Sclerectomy With the Esnoper Clip Implant for Uncontrolled Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A 1 Year Prospective Study
Authors: Baxant Alina-Dana , Klimešová Yun Min , Holubová Lucie , Pluhovský Patrik , Bartošová Jitka , Veselý Ľudovít , Nemčoková Martina , Rosina Jozef , Studený Pavel 
Published: October 2022

Précis:
Deep sclerectomy (DS) with the Esnoper Clip drainage implant in patients with uncontrolled primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) achieved a complete success rate of 87.2% at the 1-year follow-up.

Purpose:
To investigate the efficacy and safety of DS followed by Esnoper Clip implantation in patients with uncontrolled POAG.

Materials and Methods:
In a prospective, consecutive, interventional study, we investigated 39 eyes of 35 patients with uncontrolled POAG who underwent DS with Esnoper Clip implantation. Complete ophthalmologic examinations including corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP), were performed preoperatively, and at 1 day, at 1 week as well as at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively. Moreover, any goniopunctures and glaucoma medications required postoperatively were noted.

Results:
The mean preoperative IOP was 20.8±5.2 mm Hg and it decreased to 13.9±3.1 mm Hg at 1 year postoperatively (P<0.001). The number of glaucoma medications decreased from 2.9±0.7 preoperatively to 0.3±0.8 after 1 year (P<0.001). The complete success rate (IOP≤21 mm Hg without glaucoma medication) and the qualified success rate (IOP ≤21 mm Hg with or without glaucoma medication) were 87.2% and 94.9%, respectively. Goniopuncture was performed in 33.3% of cases. No significant corrected visual acuity changes were registered at the final follow-up. Perioperative complications consisted of 3 micro-perforations of the trabeculo-descemet membrane. Postoperative complications included: hyphema (6 eyes), hypotony (6 eyes), shallow anterior chamber (3 eyes), choroidal detachment (4 eyes)—all of which were resolved without surgical intervention during the first postoperative month—and conjunctival dehiscence, which required resuture (2 eyes).

Conclusion:
Deep sclerectomy with the Esnoper Clip implant was safe and effectively lowered IOP in patients with uncontrolled POAG.
Effects of cataract surgery on blinking
Authors: Talens-Estarelles Cristian , Díez-Ajenjo María Amparo , Pons Álvaro M. , Peris-Martínez Cristina , García-Lázaro Santiago 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
To assess the effects of cataract surgery on the spontaneous blinking pattern and blinking kinematics.

Setting:
FISABIO Oftalmología Médica Eye Hospital, Valencia, Spain.

Design:
Observational descriptive clinical study.

Method:
Patients with senile cataract were evaluated before (visit 1) and at 1 month (visit 2) and 3 months (visit 3) after undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery. The blinking of patients was recorded for 90 seconds using an eye-tracking device. Blinks were analyzed by means of image analysis to obtain a noninvasive detailed description of blinking including blink rate, number of complete and incomplete blinks, percentage of incomplete blinks, and kinematic parameters, including amplitude, closing, contact, opening, and total durations and closing and opening speeds.

Results:
50 patients were included in this study. The blink rate was significantly smaller at visit 3 compared with baseline (P = .03) and visit 2 (P = .001). Likewise, the number of complete blinks was significantly smaller, and the percentage of incomplete blinks was significantly higher at 3 months postoperatively compared with baseline (P = .02 and P = .01, respectively), although no differences were observed at 1 month postoperatively (P > .05). Conversely, no differences in the number of incomplete blinks or any kinematic parameter were observed between visits (P = .12).

Conclusions:
Cataract surgery significantly altered the blinking pattern at 3 months postoperatively, although kinematic parameters remained unvaried. Clinicians should be aware of potential alterations in blinking after phacoemulsification cataract surgery and the implications this may have on the ocular surface of patients.
Validation of Combined Deep Learning Triaging and Computer-Aided Diagnosis in 2901 Breast MRI Examinations From the Second Screening Round of the Dense Tissue and Early Breast Neoplasm Screening Trial
Authors: Verburg Erik , van Gils Carla H. , van der Velden Bas H.M. , Bakker Marije F. , Pijnappel Ruud M. , Veldhuis Wouter B. , Gilhuijs Kenneth G.A. 
Published: October 2022

Objectives
Computer-aided triaging (CAT) and computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of screening breast magnetic resonance imaging have shown potential to reduce the workload of radiologists in the context of dismissing normal breast scans and dismissing benign disease in women with extremely dense breasts. The aim of this study was to validate the potential of integrating CAT and CAD to reduce workload and workup on benign lesions in the second screening round of the DENSE trial, without missing cancer.

Methods
We included 2901 breast magnetic resonance imaging scans, obtained from 8 hospitals in the Netherlands. Computer-aided triaging and CAD were previously developed on data from the first screening round. Computer-aided triaging dismissed examinations without lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging examinations triaged to radiological reading were counted and subsequently processed by CAD. The number of benign lesions correctly classified by CAD was recorded. The false-positive fraction of the CAD was compared with that of unassisted radiological reading in the second screening round. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed and the generalizability of CAT and CAD was assessed by comparing results from first and second screening rounds.

Results
Computer-aided triaging dismissed 950 of 2901 (32.7%) examinations with 49 lesions in total; none were malignant. Subsequent CAD classified 132 of 285 (46.3%) lesions as benign without misclassifying any malignant lesion. Together, CAT and CAD yielded significantly fewer false-positive lesions, 53 of 109 (48.6%) and 89 of 109 (78.9%), respectively (P = 0.001), than radiological reading alone. Computer-aided triaging had a smaller area under the ROC curve in the second screening round compared with the first, 0.83 versus 0.76 (P = 0.001), but this did not affect the negative predictive value at the 100% sensitivity operating threshold. Computer-aided diagnosis was not associated with significant differences in area under the ROC curve (0.857 vs 0.753, P = 0.08). At the operating thresholds, the specificities of CAT (39.7% vs 41.0%, P = 0.70) and CAD (41.0% vs 38.2%, P = 0.62) were successfully reproduced in the second round.

Conclusion
The combined application of CAT and CAD showed potential to reduce workload of radiologists and to reduce number of biopsies on benign lesions. Computer-aided triaging (CAT) correctly dismissed 950 of 2901 (32.7%) examinations with 49 lesions in total; none were malignant. Subsequent computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) classified 132 of 285 (46.3%) lesions as benign without misclassifying any malignant lesion. Together, CAT and CAD yielded significantly fewer false-positive lesions, 53 of 109 (48.6%) and 89 of 109 (78.9%), respectively (P = 0.001), than radiological reading alone.
Enhancing Clinical Diagnosis for Patients With Persistent Pulmonary Abnormalities After COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Sviridenko Anna , Boehm Anna , di Santo Gianpaolo , Uprimny Christian , Nilica Bernhard , Fritz Josef , Giesel Frederik L. , Haberkorn Uwe , Sahanic Sabina , Decristoforo Clemens , Tancevski Ivan , Widmann Gerlig , Loeffler-Ragg Judith , Virgolini Irene 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–related pneumonia challenges clinical practice. We explore the potential diagnostic benefit of PET/CT to establish the underlying inflammatory or fibrotic repair processes in prolonged structural lung abnormalities in COVID-19 patients.

Patients and Methods
Six post COVID-19 patients suspected for pulmonary fibrosis were scheduled for dual-tracer PET/CT with 18F-FDG and 68Ga–fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)–46. The uptake of 68Ga-FAPI-46 in the involved lung was compared with a control group of 9 non–COVID-19 patients. Clinical data and PET/CT imaging were collected and analyzed.

Results
PET/CT revealed in all 6 pulmonary impaired patients the reduced glucose avidity on 18F-FDG and clear positivity on 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT in comparison to the control group.

Conclusions
Enhancing fibrotic repair mechanisms, 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT may improve noninvasive clinical diagnostic performance in patients with long-term CT abnormalities after severe COVID-19. Although this study shows promising results, additional studies in larger populations are required to establish a general diagnostic guideline.