bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LGBTFOBIA EM FOCO
Authors: Vasconcelos Rangel Luana , Da Silva Marusa Bocafoli 
Published: July 2022

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar de que forma o Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos (SIDH) atua como um instrumento de contestação frente a violência exercida pelo Estado Brasileiro às pessoas LGBTQIA+. A violência sexual, moral, física e a exclusão contra essa parte da população são latentes. A LGBTfobia está presente em todo o mundo, no entanto se configura uma prática que fere os Direitos Humanos desses indivíduos. Desse modo, por meio de um apanhado histórico da atuação do SIDH e da apresentação e análise de alguns casos concretos, objetiva-se apresentar a evolução da ação de órgãos especializados para garantir a efetivação e o desenvolvimento de acordos e recomendações acerca da temática dos direitos humanos da população LGBTQIA+.
A ROS‐Responsive Liposomal Composite Hydrogel Integrating Improved Mitochondrial Function and Pro‐Angiogenesis for Efficient Treatment of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zheng Zhi , Lei Cai , Liu Hongbing , Jiang Mingchao , Zhou Zongtao , Zhao Yuqi , Yu Cui‐Yun , Wei Hua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction of cardiomyocytes (CMs) has been identified as a significant pathogenesis of early myocardial infarction (MI). However, only a few agents or strategies have been developed to improve mitochondrial dysfunction for the effective MI treatment. Herein, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐responsive PAMB‐G‐TK/4‐arm‐PEG‐SG hydrogel is developed for localized drug‐loaded liposome delivery. Notably, the liposomes contain both elamipretide (SS‐31) and sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P), where SS‐31 acts as an inhibitor of mitochondrial oxidative damage and S1P as a signaling molecule for activating angiogenesis. Liposome‐encapsulated PAMB‐G‐TK/4‐arm‐PEG‐SG hydrogels demonstrate myocardium‐like mechanical strength and electrical conductivity, and ROS‐sensitive release of SS‐31 and S1P‐loaded liposomes. Further liposomal release of SS‐31, which can target cytochrome c in the mitochondrial inner membrane of damaged CMs, inhibits pathological ROS production, improving mitochondrial dysfunction. Meanwhile, S1P released from the liposome induces endothelial cell angiogenesis by activating the S1PR1/PI3K/Akt pathway. In a rat MI model, the resulting liposomal composite hydrogel improves cardiac function by scavenging excess ROS, improving mitochondrial dysfunction, and promoting angiogenesis. This study reports for the first time a liposomal composite hydrogel that can directly target mitochondria of damaged CMs for a feedback‐regulated release of encapsulated liposomes to consume the overproduced pathological ROS for improved CM activity and enhanced MI treatment.
Nano‐Kirigami Structures and Branched Nanowires Fabricated by Focused Ion Beam‐Induced Milling, Bending, and Deposition
Authors: Xia Deying , Notte John 
Published: July 2022

Abstract3D nanostructures hold the key to building custom devices with special and flexible functionalities. Ion beam‐induced bending and folding are used for the fabrication of 3D nanostructures from prepared 2D nano‐patterned membranes. Tensile and compressive stresses can be introduced within the layers of a thin membrane under ion beam irradiation to manipulate and control the formation of nano‐kirigamis. Both localized and broader ion beam irradiation can be used to induce bending in the membrane with remarkable control of the bending angle and direction. In this work, an approach to fabricate nano‐kirigamis with focused ion beams (FIBs) is developed. First, helium or neon ion beams are used to mill 2D patterns into the planar membrane with good accuracy, nanoscale, and less damage. Subsequently, gallium ion beam is used to broadly and uniformly irradiate the patterned region to induce out‐of‐plane bending to form nano‐kirigamis. Both upward and downward bending are observed for different thicknesses of membranes. The bending angle is easily controlled by varying the irradiation dosage. Moreover, with FIB‐induced deposition, nanopillars, or nanowires (NWs) can be grown on the membrane before or after bending. Various complex 3D nanostructures and branched NWs can be fabricated using this approach.
Violet Phosphorus Quantum Dots as Distinguishable Environmental Biosensors
Authors: Zhao Rongzheng , Liu Shuhao , Zhao Xuewen , Cheng Yonghong , Zhang Jinying 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA molecular probe is demonstrated to be an effective semi‐invasive technique to measure the local environments of biomaterials. Environmental probes based on fluorescence intensity and lifetime are well studied as temperature sensors. However, usually both fluorescence intensity and lifetime of reported molecular probes depend on various local environments, such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength. It is a big challenge to distinguish the specific environmental effects on the fluorescence. Herein, the violet phosphorus quantum dots (VPQDs) are demonstrated to be effective fluorescence molecular probes to distinguish temperature or pH environment variation. The fluorescence intensity and bandwidth of VPQDs are demonstrated to be linearly correlated to a wide range of temperatures (283–363 K), while the fluorescence lifetime of VPQDs is demonstrated to be temperature‐independent. However, the fluorescence lifetime is demonstrated to be linearly correlated to pH value. Additionally, good water dispersibility, superior photo‐ and thermal stability, and excellent reversibility are also obtained by VPQDs. More importantly, the high sensitivity of fluorescence intensity to temperature instead of pH environments and the high sensitivity of fluorescence lifetime to pH environments instead of temperature allow VPQDs to be distinguishable biosensors to temperature and pH environments.
Measurement of Parachute Canopy Textile Deformation Using Mechanically Invisible Stretchable Lightguides
Authors: Jo Jeyeon , Xu Artemis , Mishra Anand Kumar , Bai Hedan , Derkevorkian Armen , Rabinovitch Jason , Park Huiju , Shepherd Robert F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractConventional strain gauges are not designed for accurate measurement over the large range of deformations possible in compliant textiles. The thin, lightweight, and flexible nature of textiles also makes it challenging to attach strain gauges in a way that does not affect the mechanical properties. In this manuscript, soft, highly extensible fibers that propagate light (i.e., stretchable lightguides) are stitched as a strain gauge to map the deformation of a nylon parachute textile under tension. When under load, these fiber optic strain gauges propagate less light, and this strain‐induced light modulation is used to accurately (absolute error≈2.93%; Std. Dev.: 3.02%) measure strain in the <30% range before these textiles fail. This system has directionality; strain in parallel to the sensor results in little light attenuation while perpendicular loading shows high sensitivity (Gauge factor⊥≈24.8 and Gauge factor||≈0.05 at the first 1% strain). Structural and optical simulations are coupled to demonstrate that load transfer on the fiber optic by the stitchwork is the dominating cause of signal modulation. To further validate the hypotheses, digital image correlation was used under dynamic loading conditions to show that these sensors do not significantly affect the mechanical properties.
Recent Advances toward Wearable Sweat Monitoring Systems
Authors: Shen Hao , Xue Liwei , Ma Youwen , Huang Haibo , Chen Liguo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWearable biosensors are playing an increasingly important role in society. Compared with traditional wearable biosensors for detecting blood pressure, blood oxygen, or pulse conditions, which can only access information from the physical level, biosensors for testing body fluids can provide more details on health conditions through the analysis of biochemical criteria. Sweat secreted from glands distributed throughout the body contains abundant biochemical information and is an indicator of the physical conditions. Because of the noninvasive and safe sampling method, wearable sweat monitoring systems have the potential to realize long‐term and wearable detection. In this review, the current situation of wearable sweat monitoring systems is summarized from three critical parts: the sweat collection method, the sweat analysis method, and the energy supply. Finally, based on the existing drawbacks of wearable sweat monitoring systems in previous studies, the authors creatively propose droplet‐based detection, triboelectric nanogenerator‐based detection, and self‐powered systems as new directions for future research. The proposed approaches are expected to promote the commercialization process of wearable sweat monitoring systems.
Epitaxial Growth of Vertically Aligned Antimony Selenide Nanorod Arrays for Heterostructure Based Self‐Powered Photodetector
Authors: Cao Yu , Qu Peng , Wang Changgang , Zhou Jing , Li Minghao , Yu Xiaoming , Yu Xuan , Pang Jinbo , Zhou Weijia , Liu Hong , Cuniberti Gianaurelio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAntimony selenide (Sb2Se3) has garnered significant attention with its extraordinary optical and optoelectronic properties for optical and optoelectronic devices such as broadband photodetectors. The trends emerge in the synthesis of Sb2Se3 over a semiconducting substrate for the direct formation of heterostructures, which facilitate a pn junction for self‐powered photodetector. 1D Sb2Se3 nanorods are preferred to boost the charge carrier transport along the longitudinal direction as well as the optical absorption by light trapping. Great challenges remain for the vertical growth of nanorods. In this work, the precisely vertical alignment of Sb2Se3 nanorod arrays has been achieved in an epitaxial growth manner by selecting a lattice‐matching substrate, namely, boron‐doped ZnO (110) surface. The directly grown boron‐doped ZnO/Sb2Se3 nanorod arrays heterostructure leads to a high‐performance broadband photodetector. Eventually, the device demonstrates extraordinary figure‐of‐merit parameters, i.e., responsivity, on/off ratio, and specific detectivity. Furthermore, device simulation predicts the theoretical limit of the photodetector performances on the condition of suppressed defect density of the Sb2Se3. These results may shed light on the investigation of controlled growth of low‐dimensional materials, self‐powered photodetectors, and related optic and optoelectronic devices.
In Situ Ligand‐Exchange in Solid Quantum Dots Film Enables Stacked White Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Hong Zhiwei , Zou Yatao , Li Yajuan , Cai Lei , Chen Zhewei , Zang Jiaqing , Bai Guilin , Li Ya , Chen Jiangyu , Wu Yanfei , Jiang Conghui , Song Tao , Sun Baoquan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSolution‐processed white quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (WQLEDs) hold great promise for lighting and backlight applications. Stacked blue/green/red quantum dots (QDs) films as an emitting layer through the layer‐by‐layer deposition offer a simple way to realize WQLEDs. However, the redissolution issue rising from the deposition of the adjacent QDs layers prevents the fabrication of high‐quality multilayer emissive layers. Here, a ligand exchange strategy is developed to improve the solvent‐resistance of the QDs films by exposing the QDs films in a trace acid environment. The dissociated hydrions from the acid protonate the aliphatic ligands and desorb them away from QDs’ surface, leaving space for inorganic ions to anchor onto the QDs’ surface. Importantly, the trace acid does not destroy the morphological properties of QDs films and reserves their initial photoluminescence efficiency. In addition, the charge transporting ability of the QDs is enhanced on account of the replaced inorganic ligands. As result, the stacked WQLEDs display pure white emission with Commission International de I'Eclairage coordinates of (0.34, 0.33), and impressive external quantum efficiency of 9.1% has been demonstrated. This solid‐phase ligands exchange strategy provides an alternative way to engineer the surface of QDs for efficient optoelectronics.
Bio‐Inspired Hierarchical Chiral Metamaterials: Near‐Field Coupling and Decoupling Effects Modulating Microwave‐Stealth Properties
Authors: Shi Yupeng , Duan Yuping , Huang Lingxi , Pang Huifang , Ma Xinran , Liu Xiaoji , Li Zerui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPolarization conversion of chiral ordered structures can achieve effective electromagnetic attenuation through flexible field rotation. However, the mechanism of near‐field coupling generation on which it depends remains unclear, hindering the development of chiral wave‐absorbing materials. In this work, a beetle‐inspired ordered structure, which is a kind of chiral metamaterials (CMMs) consisting of high entropy alloy (HEA) electromagnetic dissipative unit and media‐layer, is rationally designed. Such CMMs show that the coupling and decoupling effects can achieve dynamic conversion between linearly polarized waves and circularly polarized waves, and the mechanisms analyzed and verified by simulation models confirm that as a universal method. The fabricated biomimetic metamaterials show desirable absorption with effective absorption bandwidth of 4.48 GHz at 2 mm interlayer medium thickness (≥75% absorptivity, reflection loss ≤ −6 dB) and minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −53.6 dB. Moreover, pasting the flexible CMMs conformally on conventional coating surfaces can boost microwave‐invisible capacity, whose absorption bandwidth with RL lower than −6 dB increases to 5.18 GHz over HEA coating. In short, this work elucidates the mechanism of chiral near‐field coupling and provides a novel solution principle and methodology for using CMMs in wave‐absorbing materials.
Light‐Triggered Hypoxia‐Responsive Nanoscale Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient Antitumor Treatment
Authors: Yang Guangbao , Bindra Anivind Kaur , Phua Soo Zeng Fiona , Liu Jiawei , Wu Hongwei , Wang Dongdong , Qian Cheng , Liu Guofeng , Zhao Yanli 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT), as a noninvasive therapeutic tool, can result in a high level of hypoxia in tumors. Herein, hypoxia‐responsive nanoscale metal‐organic frameworks (UiO‐AZB) are prepared, which contain an azo group in its organic linker. After modifying the surface of UiO‐AZB with chlorin e6 (Ce6)‐conjugated human serum albumin (HSA), tirapazamine (TPZ) is employed as a hypoxia‐activated prodrug to be encapsulated into UiO‐AZB. The obtained nanosystem (UiO‐AZB/HC‐TPZ) can efficiently produce singlet oxygen under 660 nm light irradiation and cause severe hypoxia in tumors. This process in turn triggers the degradation of the frameworks and controllable release of activated TPZ for chemotherapy, finally leading to improved antitumor treatment through combinational PDT and hypoxia‐activated chemotherapy. This research demonstrates a distinctive treatment strategy, that is, using a simple stimulus (light irradiation) to trigger a series of activities (PDT, disintegration of UiO‐AZB structure, activation of TPZ, and controllable release) for realizing an effective treatment of tumors.
Near‐Infrared OLEDs Based on Functional Pyrazinyl Azolate Os(II) Phosphors and Deuteration
Authors: Peng Xiaomei , Yeh Chia‐Hsiu , Wang Sheng Fu , Yan Jie , Gan Shifeng , Su Shi‐Jian , Zhou Xiuwen , Zhang Ye‐Xin , Chi Yun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) emitting Os(II) complexes [Os(L1)2(PPhMe2)2] (tz1), [Os(L2)2(PPhMe2)2] (tz2), and [Os(L3)2(PPhMe2)2] (tz3), bearing dual (1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐yl)pyrazine chromophoric chelates, are successfully developed. These pyrazine chelates tzn (n = 1, 2, 3) differ by the location and number of 4‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl appendage(s) on pyrazine, and the associated Os(II) complexes exhibit bathochromic shifted emission, higher quantum yield, and increased radiative lifetime in comparison to parent complex [Os(fprtz)2(PMe2Ph)2] (tz0). Moreover, partially deuterated pyrazine chelate L1‐d is prepared using post‐synthetic deuteration, from which the Os(II) complex tz1 shows a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 12.2% in co‐doped 4,4′‐bis(N‐carbazolyl)biphenyl (CBP) thin film at 3 wt%. Further, the partially deuterated tz1‐d exhibits a notable increase in PLQY to 17.8% upon co‐deposited into CBP thin film, confirming the influence of C‐H(D) stretching vibrations on the non‐radiative transition processes. Finally, tz1‐d is demonstrated to be suitable in the fabrication of efficient NIR organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), from which max. external quantum efficiency of 3.77% and max. radiance of 24.1 W sr‐1 m‐2 are recorded for emission with peak maximum at 776 nm. These experiments confirm the suppression of C–H vibration caused quenching by deuteration, which should be broadly applicable to the OLED emitters, especially in the NIR region.
Energy‐Saving Pathways for Thermoelectric Nanomaterial Synthesis: Hydrothermal/Solvothermal, Microwave‐Assisted, Solution‐Based, and Powder Processing
Authors: Nandihalli Nagaraj , Gregory Duncan H. , Mori Takao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe pillars of Green Chemistry necessitate the development of new chemical methodologies and processes that can benefit chemical synthesis in terms of energy efficiency, conservation of resources, product selectivity, operational simplicity and, crucially, health, safety, and environmental impact. Implementation of green principles whenever possible can spur the growth of benign scientific technologies by considering environmental, economical, and societal sustainability in parallel. These principles seem especially important in the context of the manufacture of materials for sustainable energy and environmental applications. In this review, the production of energy conversion materials is taken as an exemplar, by examining the recent growth in the energy‐efficient synthesis of thermoelectric nanomaterials for use in devices for thermal energy harvesting. Specifically, “soft chemistry” techniques such as solution‐based, solvothermal, microwave‐assisted, and mechanochemical (ball‐milling) methods as viable and sustainable alternatives to processes performed at high temperature and/or pressure are focused. How some of these new approaches are also considered to thermoelectric materials fabrication can influence the properties and performance of the nanomaterials so‐produced and the prospects of developing such techniques further.
SHF Acts as a Novel Tumor Suppressor in Glioblastoma Multiforme by Disrupting STAT3 Dimerization
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Huang Zixuan , Ji Li , Chen Cheng , Wan Quan , Xin Yu , Pu Zhening , Li Koukou , Jiao Jiantong , Yin Ying , Hu Yaling , Gong Lingli , Zhang Rui , Yang Xusheng , Fang Xiangming , Wang Mei , Zhang Bo , Shao Junfei , Zou Jian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSustained activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a critical contributor in tumorigenesis and chemoresistance, thus making it an attractive cancer therapeutic target. Here, SH2 domain‐containing adapter protein F (SHF) is identified as a tumor suppressor in glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) and its negative regulation of STAT3 activity is characterized. Mechanically, SHF selectively binds and inhibits acetylated STAT3 dimerization without affecting STAT3 phosphorylation or acetylation. Additionally, by blocking STAT3‐DNMT1 (DNA Methyltransferase 1) interaction, SHF relieves methylation of tumor suppressor genes. The SH2 domain is documented to be essential for SHF's actions on STAT3, and almost entirely replaces the functions of SHF on STAT3 independently. Moreover, the peptide C16 a peptide derived from the STAT3‐binding sites of SHF inhibits STAT3 dimerization and STAT3/DNMT1 interaction, and achieves remarkable growth inhibition in GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. These findings strongly identify targeting of the SHF/STAT3 interaction as a promising strategy for developing an optimal STAT3 inhibitor and provide early evidence of the potential clinical efficacy of STAT3 inhibitors such as C16 in GBM.
Solution Processable Direct Bandgap Copper‐Silver‐Bismuth Iodide Photovoltaics: Compositional Control of Dimensionality and Optoelectronic Properties
Authors: Pai Narendra , Chatti Manjunath , Fürer Sebastian O. , Scully Andrew D. , Raga Sonia R. , Rai Nitish , Tan Boer , Chesman Anthony S. R. , Xu Zhou , Rietwyk Kevin J. , Reddy Saripally Sudhaker , Hora Yvonne , Sepalage Gaveshana A. , Glück Nadja , Lira‐Cantú Monica , Bach Udo , Simonov Alexandr N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe search for lead‐free alternatives to lead‐halide perovskite photovoltaic materials resulted in the discovery of copper(I)‐silver(I)‐bismuth(III) halides exhibiting promising properties for optoelectronic applications. The present work demonstrates a solution‐based synthesis of uniform CuxAgBiI4+x thin films and scrutinizes the effects of x on the phase composition, dimensionality, optoelectronic properties, and photovoltaic performance. Formation of pure 3D CuAgBiI5 at x = 1, 2D Cu2AgBiI6 at x = 2, and a mix of the two at 1 < x < 2 is demonstrated. Despite lower structural dimensionality, Cu2AgBiI6 has broader optical absorption with a direct bandgap of 1.89 ± 0.05 eV, a valence band level at ‐5.25 eV, improved carrier lifetime, and higher recombination resistance as compared to CuAgBiI5. These differences are mirrored in the power conversion efficiencies of the CuAgBiI5 and Cu2AgBiI6 solar cells under 1 sun of 1.01 ± 0.06% and 2.39 ± 0.05%, respectively. The latter value is the highest reported for this class of materials owing to the favorable film morphology provided by the hot‐casting method. Future performance improvements might emerge from the optimization of the Cu2AgBiI6 layer thickness to match the carrier diffusion length of ≈40–50 nm. Nonencapsulated Cu2AgBiI6 solar cells display storage stability over 240 days.
Supply chain disruptions and containerized agricultural exports from California ports
Authors: Carter Colin A. , Steinbach Sandro , Zhuang Xiting 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe study the trade effects of the 2021 supply chain disruptions on containerized agricultural exports from California ports. Our event studies show that port congestion and container shortages reduced agricultural exports by 22% from May to November 2021. The export losses exceed $3.2 billion and vary substantially across commodity groups, with California tree nut producers facing the brunt of the financial repercussions. California agriculture's losses surpass those from the 2018 China–US trade war by far. The export disruptions mirror the fact that California ports are among the least efficient globally.
Concentration polarization on surface patterned membranes
Authors: Shang Chuning , Xia Jianzhong , Sun Lili , Lipscomb G. Glenn , Zhang Sui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSurface pattern is a promising approach to enhance membrane performance while contradictory results have been reported on its impact on concentration polarization. Here, we provide an experimental and modeling study of the concentration polarization on patterned membranes by varying pattern size, solute size, surface hydrophilicity, and membrane orientation. Interesting trends were observed when comparing different membrane orientations, where relative concentration polarization degree (CPD) was found depend on molecular weight. Salts and small organic molecules encountered more severe CPD in the transverse mode, while molecules larger than a threshold value showed a different trend. Such threshold molecular weight increased at larger pattern size. Simulation results were consistent with experimental observations, and revealed the critical role of diffusivity on such phenomena. Results also showed more severe concentration polarization on patterned membranes in both parallel and transverse modes in most cases, compared to smooth membrane.