bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The dual-detection mode and improved photoresponse of IGZO-based photodetectors by interfacing with water-soluble biomaterials
Authors: Feria Denice N , Hsu Feng-Hsuan , Chan Yi-Chieh , Chen Bo-Rui , Wu Chang-Jer , Lin Tai-Yuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The use of conventional fabrication methods rapidly developed the performance and notable enhancements of optoelectronic devices. However, it proved challenging to develop and demonstrate stable optoelectronic devices with biodegradability and biocompatibility properties towards sustainable development and extensive applications. This study incorporates a water-soluble Cr-phycoerythrin (Cr-PE) biomaterial to observe its optical and electronic properties effects on the pristine indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO)-based photodetector. The fabricated photodetector demonstrates an extended absorption detection region, enhanced optoelectronic performance, and switchable function properties. The resulting photocurrent and responsivity of the IGZO/Cr-PE structure have increased by 5.7 and 7.1 times as compared to the pristine IGZO photodetector. It was also observed that the photodetector could operate in UV and UV–visible with enhanced optical properties by effectively adding the water-soluble Cr-PE. Also, the sensing region of IGZO photodetector becomes changeable. It exhibits switchable dual detection by alternatively dripping and removing the Cr-PE on the IGZO layer. Different measurement parameters such as detectivity, repeatability, and sensitivity are highlighted to effectively prove the advantage of including Cr-PE on the photodetector structure. This study contributes to understanding the potential functions in improving optoelectronic devices through an environmental-friendly method.
J model for studying AC magnetization loss in 3D cable structures
Authors: Lai Lingfeng , Gu Chen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Flux penetration and AC loss are among the key problems in the application of high-temperature superconductors (HTSs). Through simulation, the value and distribution of AC loss in HTS equipment can be evaluated and optimized in the design stage, so as to ensure the reliability and stability of the equipment. At present, there are many algorithms for AC loss calculation that can be simplified to a two-dimensional model, but for the case of three-dimensional structure such as cable in a spiral structure, there are still some problems such as difficult meshing, difficult convergence, and low efficiency. In this paper, an upgrade of the two-dimensional J model to a three-dimensional J model is proposed, permitting effective calculation of the flux penetration and AC loss in the CORC cable. The reliability of the method is verified by comparing the calculated results with the analytic model and with experimental results. At present, this method can efficiently calculate a 3D CORC model with a total of 15 superconducting tapes in five layers. Also discussed is the feasibility of upgrading to calculate larger models.
Enhanced four-wave mixing from multi-resonant silicon dimer-hole membrane metasurfaces
Authors: Xu Lei , Smirnova Daria A , Camacho-Morales Rocio , Aoni Rifat Ahmmed , Kamali Khosro Zangeneh , Cai Marcus , Ying Cuifeng , Zheng Ze , Miroshnichenko Andrey E , Neshev Dragomir N , Rahmani Mohsen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Tailoring optically resonant features in dielectric metasurfaces unveils a robust scheme to control electromagnetic near fields of light and thus to boost the nanoscale nonlinear light–matter interactions. Membrane metasurfaces offer unique possibilities for supporting multipolar resonances and meanwhile maintaining high mode volume for enhancing nonlinear frequency conversion. Here we design a silicon membrane metasurface consisting of dimer airy holes, as a versatile platform for generating four-wave mixing (FWM). We show that such a metasurface exhibits a multi-resonant feature, including a quasi bound state in the continuum (BIC) generated by the collective toroidal dipole mode excited in the designed subdiffractive periodic system. We show that via employing the BIC mode in the short-wave infrared (SWIR), together with other resonant enhanced electric near fields in the near-infrared (NIR) region, simultaneously, one can convert invisible SWIR light to visible light radiation with high efficiency, via FWM. We experimentally demonstrated a significant FWM emission enhancement from our metasurface, which leads to a conversion efficiency of 0.76 × 10−6 using pump and signal beam peak intensities as low as 0.33 GW cm−2 and 0.17 GW cm−2, respectively. Our results open new routes for enhancing nonlinear efficiencies for up-conversion processes.
Dynamic analysis of a fractional-order hyperchaotic system and its application in image encryption
Authors: Shi Qianqian , An Xinlei , Xiong Li , Yang Feifei , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Compared with integer order chaotic systems, fractional order chaotic systems can reflect natural phenomena more accurately, which are more suitable for chaotic cryptosystems. In order to explore the application of fractional order chaotic system in cryptography, a novel fractional order hyperchaotic system is constructed and implemented on DSP platform. More progressively, based on Adomian decomposition method, the dynamic behavior is studied by phase diagram, bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponent spectrum and spectral entropy (SE) complexity. It is found that each parameter and order have a large range of intervals that can keep the system in a hyperchaotic state. Therefore, the hyperchaotic sequences generated by the constructed fractional order hyperchaotic system have sufficient randomness and are well suited for applications in secure communications. In addition, a color image encryption scheme is designed based on the fractional order hyperchaotic system and DNA dynamic coding. Firstly, the improved Arnold algorithm is used to scramble the original image, then the column cyclic shift method is applied for secondary scrambling, and finally the pixel value is diffused by DNA sequence operation. The security analysis results indicate that the designed encryption algorithm can not only encrypt images effectively, but also has high security and can resist various common attacks.
Investigating Mechanical Performance of Ravelling in Hot Mix Asphalt Containing Plastic Waste
Authors: Susanto H A , Merdiana K , Indriyati E W 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One of the road damages on the flexible pavement is ravelling. Ravelling caused by the release of aggregate grains from the asphalt mixture. The interaction between the wheels of the vehicle and the surface of the pavement causes friction that pushes the aggregate out. The plastic waste on road pavements has been widely used to improve the performance of road pavement structures. Most of previous study focused on Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) ravelling using Cantabro test. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ravelling performance of plastic waste material in hot mix asphalt mixtures. In addition, the use of plastic waste can reduce the environmental impact due to the high volume of plastic waste. The test is carried out in the laboratory using a rotation abrasion device based on the principle of rotating wheel load with loading, speed, and testing time parameters. Furthermore, the ravelling resistance value of HMA was obtained in dry and wet conditions. The addition of plastic waste into asphalt can increase the ravelling resistance of HMA mixes. The results of the wet test have greater ravelling resistance than dry test.
Evaluating the Road Construction Feasibility Performance of the Rigid Pavement in the Flood-Prone Area: A Case Study of Indonesia
Authors: Mudiyono R 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Rigid pavement is one of several pavement types often used in road construction. This pavement has sufficient flexural strength to transmit the stresses of the wheels over a wider area underneath. During construction, this road uses concrete slabs with or without steel bars. This slab can be installed either on the sub grade of foundation, the layers of foundation or on the sub grade. Planning must examine the thickness level of concrete pavement required to handle the load with the concrete strength, taking into account the characteristics of the pavement that are capable of dispersing the load widely to the sub grade. This study aimed at evaluating the road construction performance of the rigid pavement in the flood-prone area of Kaligawe Road Semarang Indonesia. Data were collected by testing the pavement under certain specifications during the rainy season, particularly in the flooding time, and analyzed using the software of plaxis 3D foundation. Result of the study showed the pavement on Jl. Kaligawe Road Semarang Indonesia was in the “safe” category, as a result, the design of which could serve as a model for constructing roads with similar qualities elsewhere.
Alternative Bituminous Binder for Sustainable Flexible Pavement: A Review
Authors: Yuniarti R , Ahyudanari E , Prastyanto C A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Bituminous binders used for flexible pavement materials are primarily obtained from refinement of petroleum. Since petroleum is non-renewable resource, there is an urgent need to produce alternative binders from bio-renewable resources. Standard alternative binders include pyrolyzed materials, jatropha curcas oil, waste cooking oil, pine resin, etc. This article presents an overview on the application of various types of alternative binders as a modifier for virgin asphalt, rejuvenator for aging asphalt, and recycling agent for reclaimed asphalt pavement. This review discusses the effect of using alternative binders on the physical and rheological properties of asphalt 60/70 and shows that alternative binders’ in appropriate dosage can enhance the physical properties of virgin asphalt and restore the properties of the aged binders. It is also concluded that rutting resistance and fatigue performance are affected by an alternative binder. The possibility of using alternative bituminous binder from economics point of view is also discussed for consideration of its applications in the paving industry.
Carbon Dioxide Storage Potential in Malaysian Sandstone Aquifer: An Overview
Authors: Abd Rahman I Z , Abang Hasbollah D Z , Mohd Yunus N Z , Kasiman E H , Mazlan A N 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission rate from energy industries in Malaysia has increased exponentially in these few years. Based on this alarming increment of CO2 emission rate from previous data, carbon dioxide sequestration in deep saline aquifer has been identified as one of the way to reduce and overcome the increment of CO2 emission rate in Malaysian atmosphere. Malaysian geology consists of enormous amount of deep saline aquifer which most of the aquifer material is sandstone. Malay Basin has been identified as the most potential basin for CO2 sequestration in Malaysia by previous researchers. There are four sites in Malay Basin which has potential to be CO2 sequestration site such as Jerneh, Dulang, Tangga and Semangkok because they contain the formation of fine-grained sandstone, mudstone and coal properties. This paper aims to discuss CO2 storage potential in Malaysian sandstone aquifer particularly Malay Basin in terms of potential injection location, properties of Malaysian sandstone aquifer, available technologies of injection, injection parameter as well as issues and challenges of carbon sequestration implementation in Malaysia.
Near-infrared doublet zoom lens based on Ge2Sb2Te5 metasurface
Authors: Yang Lei , Zhang Minjie , Yang Xiaohui , Liu Yu , Ren Xudong , Zhang Yun , Chen Mingyang , Ren Yunpeng , Ye Yunxia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Although numerous studies showcase the capability of metalenses to serve as crucial elements of miniaturized optical systems, tunable focusing remains an ongoing challenge. Here, we propose a doublet zoom lens based on a Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) metasurface at a wavelength of 1.55 μm. Multistep zooming is realized by the joint control of incident circular polarization inversion and GST phase transition. Three tight focal spots, 0.91 λ, 1.09 λ and 0.89 λ, are achieved from the composite lens. The devised highly-integrated doublet lens, with advantages such as as being multi-foci, easily operated and responding quickly, can find applications in fields that require ultracompact zoom imaging and beam focusing.
Mean oscillation bounds on rearrangements
Authors: Burchard Almut , Dafni Galia , Gibara Ryan 
Published: February 2022

We use geometric arguments to prove explicit bounds on the mean oscillation for two important rearrangements on

R

n

{\mathbb {R}^n}

. For the decreasing rearrangement

f
∗

f^*

of a rearrangeable function

f
f

of bounded mean oscillation (BMO) on cubes, we improve a classical inequality of Bennett–DeVore–Sharpley,

‖

f
∗

‖

BMO

(

R

+

)

≤

C
n

‖
f

‖

BMO

(

R

n

)

\|f^*\|_{{\operatorname {BMO}}(\mathbb {R}_+)}\leq C_n \|f\|_{{\operatorname {BMO}}(\mathbb {R}^n)}

, by showing the growth of

C
n

C_n

in the dimension

n
n

is not exponential but at most of the order of

n

\sqrt {n}

. This is achieved by comparing cubes to a family of rectangles for which one can prove a dimension-free Calderón–Zygmund decomposition. By comparing cubes to a family of polar rectangles, we provide a first proof that an analogous inequality holds for the symmetric decreasing rearrangement,

S
f

Sf

.
Fiduciary Colonialism
Authors: Connolly Emilie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Federal officials in the early United States built an empire by purchase. But rather than hand over lump sums for Native lands, officials offered annual payments, or annuities. This article traces annuities’ material evolution from payments in goods to high-powered money—especially specie—and their financial evolution from straightforward congressional outlays to interest accrued on investments held in trust. Annuities originated as devices that could permit territorial expansion within considerable military-fiscal constraints. But once in use, they became potent instruments of federal power, shoring up officials’ capacity to intrude on Native economies, wrench further territorial transfers, and channel Indigenous wealth as capital for the very infrastructural projects that spread US settlement. Overall, annuities and the trust funds into which they evolved anchored a strategy of dispossession I call fiduciary colonialism: a mode of territorial acquisition and population management carried out through the expansion of administrative control over Native peoples’ wealth. In the face of federal claims to financial superiority, Indigenous peoples did not wither into wardship. Rather, they engaged trusteeship with their own futures in mind, applying annuities and trusts toward social institutions that would allow their nations to survive the ordeal of dispossession.
The COVID-19 Outbreak as a Trigger Event for Sinophobic Hate Crimes in the United Kingdom
Authors: Schumann Sandy , Moore Ysanne 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe assessed whether the COVID-19 outbreak in the United Kingdom was associated with a rise in sinophobic hate crimes as well as the temporal distribution of victimization rates. A victimization survey (N = 393) showed that following the first known case of COVID-19 in the United Kingdom, Chinese/East Asian persons had a higher likelihood of being hate crime or incident victims than members of other ethnic minority groups. Specifically, victimization reported by Chinese/East Asian participants reached its highest level in March 2020 (before lockdown); it then dropped significantly after an initial relaxation of restrictions in May 2020. Overall, we documented a temporary, potentially slightly delayed hate crime trigger effect of the COVID-19 outbreak.
Screening for Chagas Disease Should Be Included in Entry-to-Care Testing for At-Risk People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Living in the United States
Authors: Clark Eva H , Marquez Carina , Whitman Jeffrey D , Bern Caryn 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Chagas disease screening of at-risk populations is essential to identify infected individuals and facilitate timely treatment before end-organ damage occurs. Coinfected people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) are at risk for dangerous sequelae, specifically Trypanosoma cruzi reactivation disease. Recently published national recommendations indicate that at-risk PWH, particularly those from endemic areas or born to women from endemic areas, should be screened via a sensitive anti-T. cruzi IgG assay. However, immunocompromised patients with negative serologic results may warrant further investigation. Reactivation should be suspected in at-risk, untreated PWH with low CD4 cell counts presenting with acute neurologic or cardiac symptoms; these patients should be promptly evaluated and treated. One pragmatic solution to improve Chagas disease screening among PWH and thereby reduce T. cruzi–related morbidity and mortality is to incorporate Chagas disease screening into the panel of tests routinely performed during the entry-to-care evaluation for at-risk PWH.
Deciphering endothelial heterogeneity in health and disease at single-cell resolution: progress and perspectives
Authors: Becker Lisa M , Chen Shiau-Haln , Rodor Julie , de Rooij Laura P M H , Baker Andrew H , Carmeliet Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEndothelial cells (ECs) constitute the inner lining of vascular beds in mammals and are crucial for homeostatic regulation of blood vessel physiology, but also play a key role in pathogenesis of many diseases, thereby representing realistic therapeutic targets. However, it has become evident that ECs are heterogeneous, encompassing several subtypes with distinct functions, which makes EC targeting and modulation in diseases challenging. The rise of the new single-cell era has led to an emergence of studies aimed at interrogating transcriptome diversity along the vascular tree, and has revolutionized our understanding of EC heterogeneity from both a physiological and pathophysiological context. Here, we discuss recent landmark studies aimed at teasing apart the heterogeneous nature of ECs. We cover driving (epi)genetic, transcriptomic, and metabolic forces underlying EC heterogeneity in health and disease, as well as current strategies used to combat disease-enriched EC phenotypes, and propose strategies to transcend largely descriptive heterogeneity towards prioritization and functional validation of therapeutically targetable drivers of EC diversity. Lastly, we provide an overview of the most recent advances and hurdles in single EC OMICs.
Selection of Genome-Wide SNPs for Pooled Allelotyping Assays Useful for Population Monitoring
Authors: Babineau Marielle , Collis Eliza , Ruffell Angela , Bunch Rowan , McNally Jody , Lyons Russell E , Kotze Andrew C , Hunt Peter W 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Parasitic worms are serious pests of humans, livestock, and crops worldwide. Multiple management strategies are employed in order to reduce their impact, and some of these may affect their genome and population allelic frequency distribution. The evolution of chemical resistance, ecological changes, and pest dispersal has allowed an increasing number of pests to become difficult to control with current management methods. Their lifestyle limits the use of ecological and individual-based management of populations. There is a need to develop rapid, affordable, and simple diagnostics to assess the efficacy of management strategies and delay the evolution of resistance to these strategies. This study presents a multilocus, equal-representation, whole-genome pooled single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) selection approach as a monitoring tool for the ovine nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus. The SNP selection method used two reference genomes of different quality, then validated these SNPs against a high-quality recent genome assembly. From over 11 million high-quality SNPs identified, 334 SNPs were selected, of which 262 were species-specific, yielded similar allele frequencies when assessed as multiple individuals or as pools of individuals, and suitable to distinguish mixed nematode isolate pools from single isolate pools. As a proof-of-concept, 21 Australian H. contortus populations with various phenotypes and genotypes were screened. This analysis confirmed the overall low level of genetic differentiation between populations collected from the field, but clearly identifying highly inbred populations, and populations showing genetic signatures associated with chemical resistance. The analysis showed that 66% of the SNPs were necessary for stability in assessing population genetic patterns, and SNP pairs did not show linkage according to allelic frequencies across the 21 populations. This method demonstrates that ongoing monitoring of parasite allelic frequencies and genetic changes can be achieved as a management assessment tool to identify drug-treatment failure, population incursions, and inbreeding signatures due to selection. The SNP selection method could also be applied to other parasite species.
Strong neutral sweeps occurring during a population contraction
Authors: Moinet Antoine , Schlichta Flávia , Peischl Stephan , Excoffier Laurent 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A strong reduction in diversity around a specific locus is often interpreted as a recent rapid fixation of a positively selected allele, a phenomenon called a selective sweep. Rapid fixation of neutral variants can however lead to a similar reduction in local diversity, especially when the population experiences changes in population size, e.g. bottlenecks or range expansions. The fact that demographic processes can lead to signals of nucleotide diversity very similar to signals of selective sweeps is at the core of an ongoing discussion about the roles of demography and natural selection in shaping patterns of neutral variation. Here, we quantitatively investigate the shape of such neutral valleys of diversity under a simple model of a single population size change, and we compare it to signals of a selective sweep. We analytically describe the expected shape of such “neutral sweeps” and show that selective sweep valleys of diversity are, for the same fixation time, wider than neutral valleys. On the other hand, it is always possible to parametrize our model to find a neutral valley that has the same width as a given selected valley. Our findings provide further insight into how simple demographic models can create valleys of genetic diversity similar to those attributed to positive selection.