bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial Bowel Infections-Induced Biochemical and Biological Abnormalities among Young Egyptian Swimmers: Associated Risk Factors Affecting Swimming Performance Running title: Swimmers’ Microbial Bowel Infections and Swimming Performance
Authors: Hassanein Faika , Awwad Zeinab M. , Abdel-Salam Hussin , Salem Mohamed , Shehata Amany I. , Masoud Inas M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Swimmers’ personal hygiene affects the spread of microbes in swimming pools. The present study aimed to determine the incidence of microbial infections among young Egyptian swimmers and its impact on biochemical parameters, and swimming performance. From January 2020 to June 2021, 528 public club swimmers were examined cross-sectionally. Swimmers were divided into two groups according their scores in the competition (group1 with high score and group 2 with low score). Stool samples, biochemical parameters and complete blood picture were assessed. Biological measures were evaluated directly after swimming. Microbial infections were 54% for intestinal parasitosis, 2.8% for H. pylori. Blastocystis spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. infected 24.1% and 23.3% of swimmers, respectively. Infection rates among swimmers’ groups varied according to gender, age, swimming duration and frequency. Infected swimmers with cryptosporidiosis had higher ALT, WBCs, and differential cells but lower AST levels. The results revealed high prevalence of Blastocystis spp., Cryptosporidium spp., and microsporidia. Swimming habits, frequency, and duration influenced the infectious status that induced anemia, abnormal blood pressure and heart rate. Giardiasis, showed reduction in the biochemical markers including ferritin, lactoferrin, iron and transferrin among group2 as compared to group1. Thus, raising swimmers’ hygiene awareness and targeting health education is obliged.
Exfoliation Procedure-Dependent Optical Properties of Solution Deposited MoS2 Films
Authors: Stevenson Peter , Busch Robert , Sun Lirong , Austin Drake , Jiang Jie , Miesle Paige , Susner Michael , Conner Benjamin , Jawaid Ali , Becks Shannon , Mahalingam Krishnamurthy , Velez Michael , Torsi Riccardo , Robinson Joshua , Rao Rahul , Glavin Nicholas , Pachter Ruth , Vaia Richard , Kennedy W , Vernon Jonathan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The development of high-precision large-area optical coatings and devices comprising low-dimensional materials hinges on scalable solution-based manufacturability with control over exfoliation technique-induced effects. As such, it is critical to understand the influence of technique-induced transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) optical properties that impact the design, performance, and integration of advanced optical coatings and devices. Here, we examine the optical properties of semiconducting MoS2 films from the exfoliation formulations of four prominent approaches: solvent-mediated exfoliation, chemical exfoliation with phase reconversion, redox exfoliation, and native redox exfoliation. The resulting MoS2 films exhibit distinct refractive indices (n), extinction coefficients (k), dielectric functions (ε1 and ε2), and absorption coefficients (α). For example, a large index contrast of Δn ≈ 2.3 is observed. These exfoliation procedures and related chemistries produce different exfoliated flake dimensions, chemical impurities, carrier doping, and lattice strain that influence the resulting optical properties. First principles calculations further confirm the impact of lattice defects and doping characteristics on MoS2 optical properties. Overall, incomplete phase reconfiguration (1T to 2H), lattice vacancies, intraflake strain, and Mo oxidation largely contribute to the observed differences in the MoS2 optical properties. These findings highlight the need for controlled technique-induced effects as well as the opportunity for continued development of, and improvement to, liquid phase exfoliation methodologies. Such chemical and processing-induced effects present compelling routes to engineer exfoliated TMDC optical properties toward the development of next-generation high-performance mirrors, narrow bandpass filters, and wavelength-tailored absorbers.
Regiodivergent ZnO-NP-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Synthesis of Substituted Quinolines and Application of N-Oxide via Late-Stage Diversification
Authors: Kumar Atul , Kumar Navaneet , Bhadoria Deepak , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An efficient regiodivergent ZnO-NP catalyzed decarboxylative protocol for the direct synthesis of 3-arylquinolines and 2,3-diarylquinolines with readily available cinnamic acids and arylazides via C-H functionalization and C-C/C-N bond formation has been developed. In this work, the regioselectivity can be rationally tuned via the perfect choice of reaction solvents; 3-substituted quinolines were obtained when ethylene glycol was used as the solvent, whereas the use of AcOH as solvent afforded 2,3-disubstituted quinolines. The reaction is simple, gram-scale synthesis, environmentally friendly, and proceeds under very mild conditions with a range of functionalities in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, this strategy’s synthetic utility provided a practical approach for the C-H activation of 3-substituted quinoline via N-oxide through the C-C, C-O, C-S, and C-N bond formation and late-stage functionalization (LSF) of drug molecules and natural products were also performed.
A Biochemical Assay Provides Better Diagnosis for Active Malaria Infection
Authors: Okeke Ifeanyichukwu , Cosmas Okeke , Chinonso Peter , Chinelo Victoria 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Malaria is a disease caused by Plasmodium parasite and it is the most deadly parasitic disease affecting humanity. Detection of this microscopic organism using currently available techniques in the face of reducing quality of testing reagents is increasingly becoming quite challenging especially in low prevalent settings and low density infections. The absence of a particular detection method devoid of shortcomings and pitfalls of significant order prompted the development of a simple biochemical in vitro diagnostic technique for malaria detection known as AfinUrimal. In this study we examined the efficacy of AfinUrimal in detecting malaria using stained blood microscopy method as the reference standards for detecting active infection on 397 patients with febrile illness in Jos, Nigeria in the year 2022. Sensitivity/specificity of AfinUrimal method against stained blood microscopy method was 99.42/92.0% respectively. The analysis showed that biochemical detection of malaria infection using AfinUrimal provides greater sensitivity and specificity useful for diagnostic, epidemiological and research purposes.
Skp2-ubiquitinated MLKL degradation confers cisplatin-resistant in non-small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Liu haidan , Zhou Huiling , Zhou Li , Guan Qing , Hou Xuyang , Wang Cong , Liu Lijun , Wang Jian , Yu Xinfang , Li Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent type of cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death. Chemotherapic resistance is a major obstacle in the treatment of NSCLC patients. Here, we found that E3 ligase Skp2 is overexpressed, accompanied by the downregulation of necroptosis-related regulator MLKL in human NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of Skp2 inhibited viability, anchorage-independent growth and xenograft tumor growth of NSCLC cells. We also found that Skp2 protein is inversely correlated with MLKL protein in NSCLC tissues. Moreover, in cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells, Skp2 protein level is increased, accompanied by a significant increase of MLKL ubiquitination and a decrease of MLKL protein level. Accordingly, the inhibition of Skp2 partially restores MLKL and sensitizes NSCLC cells to cisplatin both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, Skp2 interacts with MLKL and promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of MLKL, which participates in cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells. Our results provide evidence of a Skp2-dependent mechanism regulating MLKL degradation and involving in cisplatin-resistant in NSCLC cells, suggesting that targeting Skp2-ubiquitinated MLKL degradation may overcome NSCLC chemoresistance.
Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Enantioselective Phosphinylation of 3,4-Dihydroisoquinolines with diarylphosphine oxides: Access to cyclic chiral α-amino diarylphosphine oxides
Authors: Guo Yongbiao , gao Zhenhua , Duan Yanan , Xiao Junhua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed enantioselective phosphinylation of 3,4-dihydroisoquinolines with diarylphosphine oxides has been developed for the efficient and practical construction of a family of chiral α-amino diarylphosphine oxide with a diverse range of functional groups. The phosphine products are suitable for transforming to several kinds of chiral (thio)ureas, which might be employed as chiral ligands or catalysts with potential applications in asymmetric catalysis. Control and NMR tracking experiments show that the reaction proceeds via the intermediacy of tert-butyl 1-(tert-butoxy)-3,4-dihydroiso-quinoline-2(1H)-carboxylate, followed by C-P bond formation. Furthermore, computational studies elucidated that the hydrogen at C-8 position of 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline along with imine hydrogen enables formation of the key transition-state that determines the stereoselectivity in the formation of C-P bond during the whole catalytic process.
Next Location Recommendation: A Multi-context Features Integration Perspective
Authors: Wei Xuemei , Liu Chunli , Liu Yezheng , Li Yang , Zhang Kai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Next location recommendation aims to mine users’ historical trajectories to predict their potentially preferred locations in the next moment. Although previous studies have explored the idea of incorporating location or social contextual information for recommendation, they still suffer from several major limitations: (1) not fully considering the semantic associations between locations, (2) not considering the heterogeneity in preferences of socially linked users, (3) not fully utilizing contextual information from distinctive sources to further improve the recommendation performance. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-context-based next location recommendation model that incorporates location context, trajectory context, and social context to obtain comprehensive users’ preferences while allowing for interactions between contexts. Specifically, we first develop an efficient method combining both high-order location graphs and location semantic graphs to characterize subtle associations between locations. Then we explore the social contextual information and introduce the location subgraph which considers heterogeneous preferences among friends. Finally, we use the LSTM and geo-dilated LSTM to capture the spatio-temporal associations between users’ trajectories and integrate various contextual information to improve model performance. Extensive experiments on three real datasets show that our model has superior results in the next location recommendation task over other baselines.
Effect of digital rectal examination on prostate specific antigen levels among patients with lower urinary tract symptoms in Uganda
Authors: Musinguzi Brian , Ndunda Balaam , Muhumuza Joshua , Kamabu Fiston Kinyamaniyi , Hakizimana Theoneste , Osman Mohamud Jelle , Okedi Xaviour Francis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction Prostatic cancer is a major contributor to mortality among men globally. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a screening investigation for cancer of the prostate. The combination of serum PSA and digital rectal examination (DRE) allows early detection of prostate cancer. Studies have revealed that DRE causes an elevation in serum PSA levels. This rise following DRE may be mistaken for the rise associated with malignancy. Most clients in our setting come to the urology clinic as referrals from primary physicians when DRE has been done. There is a significant knowledge gap regarding whether the PSA change following DRE is significant enough to warrant withholding PSA measurement in these patients that come after having DRE; the reason this study was done. Methods This was a single centre prospective longitudinal study done at Ishaka Adventist hospital in which an interviewer administered questionnaire was filled for each patient that consented. After filling the questionnaire, a venous blood sample was drawn, DRE done and 1-hour later, another blood sample drawn. Total PSA was measured for both samples and data analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results Data for 102 participants was analyzed, whose mean age was 61.85 ± 12.73 years. The paired samples T test revealed a small mean increase in PSA following DRE (0.40 ng/ml) that was not significant (p = 0.061). The number of patients whose clinical decision would be affected (changed) by the PSA measured after DRE was 3 (2.9%, CI = 0.0%-6.9%) if cutoff was 3 ng/ml and 2 (2.0%, CI = 0.0%-4.9%) at 4 ng/ml cutoff. The confidence intervals in both scenarios included 0.0%, suggesting that there would be no significant effect on the clinical decision if the PSA was done post DRE. Conclusion. DRE can be used in screening and clinical assessment of prostate cancer without fear of interfering with PSA result interpretation and patient management.
Use of Fourier Phase Characteristics and Effective Stress Analyses: A Result for the ESG6 Blind Prediction Steps 2&amp;3
Authors: Nozu Atsushi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article describes the methods employed by the author and the results for the ESG6 Blind Prediction Steps 2&3. The target event for Step 2 was an M5.9 earthquake in the Aso region, Japan. To simulate ground motions at the target site “KUMA”, the author used the site-effect substitution method. The Fourier amplitude spectrum was estimated from the spectral ratio between KUMA and a nearby station JMA. The Fourier phase spectrum was approximated by the spectrum of another event at KUMA. Comparison between the estimated and recorded ground motions after the blind prediction revealed that, except for the error in the arrival time, the estimated ground motions were fairly consistent with the observed ground motions, indicating the effectiveness of the site-effect substitution method when the rupture process of the target event is simple and the soil nonlinearity at the target site is not significant. The target events for Step 3 were the M6.5 foreshock and the M7.3 mainshock of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake sequence. To simulate ground motions at KUMA, the author used a similar method to estimate the Fourier amplitude spectrum, however, the author simply used the Fourier phase spectrum at JMA for the target events. Then, the author conducted effective stress analyses using a program called “FLIP”. The parameters were determined from the PS logging results, N values and fine particle content. Comparison between the estimated and recorded ground motions after the blind prediction indicated that, although the estimated ground motions captured the main phases of the recorded ground motions, the low frequency components were overestimated and the high frequency components were underestimated. The strong soil nonlinearity considered in the effective stress analyses was the main cause of the discrepancy between the estimated and observed ground motions. One explanation for this result could be that the nonlinear soil behavior at KUMA during the foreshock and the mainshock was not a strong one. Another explanation could be that the effect of soil nonlinearity was already included in the records at JMA and the effect of soil nonlinearity was double counted in the results submitted by the author.
Kinetics evaluation of passive oxidation at high temperature of silicon nitride used in the fabrication of lightweight metal matrix composites
Authors: López-López I. I. , Contreras A. , Morales-Estrella R. , Lemus-Ruiz J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the present work, the passive oxidation kinetics of silicon nitride α-Si3N4 and (α + β)-Si3N4 powders at different temperatures from 1000 to 1200°C were evaluated. Oxidation of these powders was carried out to improve wettability and pressureless infiltration of AZ91E Mg-alloy. The oxidation kinetic constant (kp) values and oxide layer depth were calculated. The oxidation kinetic constants kp, were 9.11e− 16 and 6.35e− 16 kg2/m4s and the oxidation depth were 4.25 nm and 3.69 nm, for α-Si3N4 and (α + β)-Si3N4, respectively. Furthermore, passive surface oxidation of silicon nitride was performed in order to achieve affinity between silicon nitride and AZ91E magnesium alloy. Therefore, the manufacture of AZ91E/Si3N4 magnesium matrix composite materials was successfully achieved by spontaneous infiltration process at a temperature of 800°C.
IGF2BP2 promotes ovarian cancer growth and metastasis via upregulating CKAP2L protein expression in a m6A-dependent manner
Authors: Xu Juan , Shi Yaqian , Sun Yu , Xiong Xueyou , Geng Zhe , Chen Xiyi , Cui Xin , Lv Juan , Ge Lili , Jia Xuemei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOvarian cancer (OC) is the second leading cause of gynecologic cancer death in women around the world. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal modification on eukaryotic RNA. Human insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2), as an m6A reader, can enhance mRNA stability and promote translation by recognizing m6A modifications. Its carcinogenic effect has been demonstrated in colon cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer and other tumors. Here, we demonstrated that there was widespread dysregulation of m6A modification in OC tissues. The m6A modification, mRNA and protein level ofIGF2BP2were significantly elevated in OC. Overexpression ofIGF2BP2facilitated OC cell proliferation, migration, invasionin vitroand accelerated tumor growth and metastasisin vivo. Mechanistically,CKAP2Lwas a target mRNA of IGF2BP2. Unlike previous studies, IGF2BP2 promotedCKAP2Ltranslation depending on m6A modification rather than affect mRNA and protein stability. Knockdown ofCKAP2Lrescued the oncogenic effect of IGF2BP2 in OC cells. In conclusion, this study unveiled the oncogenic role of IGF2BP2 potentially through promoting the translation ofCKAP2Lin a m6A dependent manner.
Design of a Wind-Solar Hybrid Energy Air Conditioning System Using BLDC Motor for the Residential Buildings
Authors: Mohanasundaram A , Valsalal P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Air conditioners usages in the homes and offices are the top drivers of global electricity demand for the next three decades. This work proposes an innovative grid-independent, hybrid wind-solar air conditioning model to meet future room cooling demand. This model has 0.3ton capacity, and it is operated with 1.5kW, 48V, BLDC motor drive system. In comparison, with the conventional model, the BLDC based model improves the energy efficiency from 13% to 20% and this model costs 952 USD. A virtual 4kW hybrid model is simulated to analyze the energy generation at the proposed location from different weather conditions to operate this model. This analysis exhibits that a high 57% wind and 69.4% solar energy participation in summer and winter seasons respectively in the total energy generated. This hybrid model and simulation analysis also signifies that the consumer side source generation is a realistic solution to meet the future air-conditioning demand growth due to global warming.
Mobile Dynamic Khalimsky k-Clustering and Data Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks with obstacles
Authors: Mezghani Mahmoud , Mezghani Omnia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper we propose an efficient Mobile Dynamic Khalimsky k-Clustering (MDKC) algorithm for efficient data gathering and routing in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The aim of this algorithm is to optimize routing paths reducing the energy consumption and resolving the holes problem of isolated nodes with the presence of obstacles in the sensing field. At first, the MDKC algorithm clusters the deployed nodes into k-hop (k>= 2) compact dynamic clusters. For each cluster, a node is elected cluster-head in its k-neighborhood according to some criteria such as the remaining energy, the k-degree and the communication probability average. Then, some nodes are selected as Khalimsky anchors by the triangulation technique to optimize the intra-cluster data routing process. The Khalimsky anchors at the border layers ensure the inter-cluster data routing between adjacent clusters.In the next phase of MDKC, a Mobile Collector (MC) is used for data collecting from isolated nodes/clusters due to the presence of obstacles and holes in the network.The obtainedsimulation results prove that MDKC minimizes the energy consumption and improvesthe connectivity rate between sensors and the delivery rate as well as the network lifetime compared to some existing approaches.
Cost-effectiveness of Federal CDBG-DR Road Home Program Mitigation Assistance in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana
Authors: Assi Ayat Al , Mostafiz Rubayet Bin , Friedland Carol J , Rohli Robert V. , Taghinezhad Arash , Rahim Md Adilur 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
After Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005, Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery (CDBG-DR) assistance was allotted to the State of Louisiana, administered by the Louisiana Office of Community Development (OCD) as the Road Home Program, to provide homeowners with the required matching funds for elevating damaged homes under the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP). This research evaluates the cost effectiveness of the Road Home Program elevation mitigation assistance for a sample of homes in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, using benefit-cost analysis (BCA) based on average annual loss (AAL) prediction. Multiple return period flood depths are determined from FEMA RiskMap non-regulatory flood depth. Flood risk reduction is calculated as the difference between pre- and post-elevation AAL. Benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and net benefit-cost ratio (NBCR) of the elevation mitigation investment are calculated across multiple time horizons, considering several funding scenarios. Optimal first-floor height (FFH) is also determined by foundation type (i.e., crawl space, slab-on-grade) and 100-year flood depth. The analysis reveals that elevating existing homes by either 3 feet or to the base flood elevation (BFE; 100–year flood elevation), whichever is higher, reduces AAL by 96%. This elevation generates mean BCRs of 6.13 and 7.01 over a 30–year mortgage and a 70–year building lifetime, respectively, if the full benefits are attributed to Road Home Program investments. These results enhance understanding of cost effectiveness of federal elevation mitigation investments, benefits of elevating homes above the minimum requirements, and most effective elevated heights for homes.