bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulated daily readout for maintaining nuclear medicine education in residency training amidst declining case volume: evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jaroonvanichkul Vorapol , Leksuwankun Surachai , Vachatimanont Sira 
Published: September 2022

Background
Simulated daily readout (SDR) is a teaching initiative in radiology and nuclear medicine developed to simulate a resident’s experience during periods of case volume reduction. SDR was employed by many training centers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to evaluate the perception of radiology residents on the effectiveness of SDR.

Method
The SDR was conducted in the nuclear medicine rotations from 2019 to 2020 during the shutdown of the radionuclide imaging facilities using a combination of strategies including case selection, assignment, reporting and feedback. A brief 8-item questionnaire with Likert scale values was completed by radiology residents who participated in the SDR-based nuclear medicine rotations.

Results
Thirty-five of 54 residents returned the questionnaire. The majority of residents affirmed the negative impact of the reduction in case volume on their training experiences and perceived that SDR could alleviate the effects. The SDR strategies perceived as more effective were targeted case selection, in-advanced assignment, verbal interpretation and reporting, and verbal feedback.

Conclusion
The radiology residents perceived the SDR as an effective tool to preserve their training experiences. The SDR has the potential to be a useful initiative when teaching centers face the threat of declining case volume.
Gastrointestinal symptoms in COVID-19: the long and the short of it
Authors: Freedberg Daniel E. , Chang Lin 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review
A large and growing number of patients have persistent gastrointestinal symptoms that they attribute to COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, replicates within the gut and acute COVID-19 is associated with alteration of the gut microbiome. This article reviews recent observational data related to gastrointestinal symptoms in ‘long COVID’ and discusses pathophysiologic mechanisms that might explain persistent post-COVID gastrointestinal symptoms.

Recent findings
Gastrointestinal symptoms are present in half of the patients with acute COVID-19, persist 6 months after COVID-19 in 10–25% of patients, and are rated as the most bothersome symptom in 11% of all patients. These symptoms include heartburn, constipation, diarrhoea and abdominal pain and decline in prevalence with the passage of time. Long COVID gastrointestinal symptoms are associated with mental health symptoms (anxiety and depression) that predate COVID-19 and also with mental health symptoms that are concurrent, after recovery from COVID-19. The cause of long COVID gastrointestinal symptoms is unknown and hypotheses include the SARS-CoV-2 virus itself, which infects the gastrointestinal tract; COVID-19, which can be accompanied by gut microbiome changes, a profound systemic inflammatory response and critical illness; and/or effects of pandemic stress on gastrointestinal function and symptom perception, which may be unrelated to either SARS-CoV-2 or to COVID-19.

Summary
New, persistent gastrointestinal symptoms are commonly reported after recovery from COVID-19. The pathophysiology of these symptoms is unknown but likely to be multifactorial.
Management of upper gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with autoimmune gastritis
Authors: Cifuentes Juan D. Gomez , Sparkman Jordan , Graham David Y. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review
Autoimmune gastritis is characterized by atrophy of acid secreting parietal cells resulting in achlorhydria. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms are common in autoimmune gastritis and frequently result in prescriptions for acid suppressant medications despite the inability of the stomach to secrete acid. Evidence-based recommendations for management of gastrointestinal symptoms in autoimmune gastritis are lacking.

Recent findings
The most common symptoms in patients with autoimmune gastritis are dyspepsia, heartburn, and regurgitation. Gastroesophageal reflux should be confirmed by pH-impedance testing and is typically weakly acid or alkaline. Therapy for reflux focuses on mechanical prevention of reflux (i.e., elevation of the head of the bed and alginates) or when severe, antireflux surgery. The etiology of dyspepsia in autoimmune gastritis is unclear and largely unstudied. In the first half of the 20th century, oral administration of acid to “aid digestion” was widely used with reported success. However, randomized, placebo-controlled trials are lacking. Here, we provide suggestions for attempting gastric acidification therapy.

Summary
Upper GI symptoms are common in autoimmune gastritis. Their pathogenesis and therapy remain incompletely understood. Acid suppressant medications are useless and should be discontinued. A trial of acid replacement therapy is recommended especially in the form of placebo-controlled trials.
Paediatric mandibular distraction: optimizing outcomes
Authors: Discolo Christopher 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to summarize current evidence surrounding the use of mandibular distraction osteogenesis in children and to highlight recent advances in our knowledge of this subject.

Recent findings
Distraction osteogenesis of the mandible has gained in popularity since its initial description about 30 years ago. Its efficacy and safety have been well described. More recently, proper patient selection, technique modifications and long-term outcomes have been the subject of much discussion around this revolutionary technique.

Summary
Distraction osteogenesis of the mandible is a powerful tool for surgeons. Technological advances and high-quality research have allowed for optimization of this technique within the field of craniomaxillofacial surgery.
Ambulatory Care Nurse-Sensitive Indicators
Authors: Siaki Leilani A. , Patrician Patricia A. , Loan Lori A. , Matlock Ann Marie , Start Rachel E. , Gardner Cubby L. , McCarthy Mary S. 
Published: September 2022

Background/Purpose:
Meeting recommendations that nurses should partner in leading health care change is hampered by the lack of ambulatory care nurse-sensitive indicators (ACNSIs). This scoping review was conducted to identify evidence regarding ACNSI identification, development, implementation, and benchmarking.

Methods:
Following the PRISMA-ScR reporting guide, we performed PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library searches for the period January 2006 to March 2021.

Results:
Twelve of the 1984 articles from 6 countries met inclusion criteria. All focused on identifying, developing/pilot testing indicators, and included structure, process, and outcome indicators. Seven articles were level II and all were at least grade B quality. Leverage points involved leadership support, automated data extraction infrastructure, and validating links between nurses' roles/actions and patient outcomes.

Conclusions:
While high-quality work is ongoing to identify clinically meaningful and feasible ACNSIs, knowledge in this field remains underdeveloped. Prioritizing this work is imperative to address gaps and facilitate national strategic health care goals.
Differences in Guilt, Shame, Self-Anger, and Suicide Cognitions Based on Recent Suicide Ideation and Lifetime Suicide Attempt History
Authors: Szeto Edwin H. , Ammendola Ennio , Starkey Austin , Hay Jarrod , McClung James G. , Bryan Craig J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Suicide risk factors such as hopelessness and psychiatric disorders can predict suicide ideation (SI) but cannot distinguish between those with SI and those who attempt suicide (SA). The fluid vulnerability theory of suicide posits that a person's activation of the suicidal mode is predicated on one's predisposition, triggers, and baseline/acute risks. This study compared guilt, shame, self-anger, and suicidal beliefs based on recent SI and lifetime SA. In a total of 2222 primary care patients in this cross-sectional, observational study reported no recent SI or lifetime SA (SI−SA−), 161 reported recent SI only (SI−SA+), 145 reported lifetime SA only (SI+SA−), and 56 reported both recent SI and lifetime SA (SI+SA+). Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the four risk factors were the highest for SI+SA+, followed by SI+SA−, then SI−SA+, and lastly SI−SA−. The study shows that risk factors may be worse in those with recent SI than those with SA history.
The Effect of Career Plateauing as a Mediating Factor on Nurses' Job Satisfaction and Promotability
Authors: Farghaly Abdelaliem Sally Mohammed , Ibrahim El-Sayed Ahmed Abdelwahab 
Published: September 2022

AIM
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of career plateau as a mediating factor on nurses' job satisfaction and promotability.

BACKGROUND
A nurse's career, as well as other professionals, may arrive at a point where further hierarchical development is limited. Nurses may remain longer than expected in the same position within an organization and may be plateaued, resulting in career dissatisfaction, job dissatisfaction, and turnover.

METHODS
This is a descriptive correlational study. Two hundred twenty-one nurses were recruited from 1 university hospital in Egypt. Respondents completed the self-administered, printed questionnaires. Measures included career plateau, job satisfaction, and promotability questionnaires. Findings were investigated via descriptive and inferential statistics as well as structured equation modeling to examine the mediating effect of career plateauing on job satisfaction and promotability.

RESULTS
The mean scores of job satisfaction, career plateauing, and promotability were 3.09 ± 0.71, 3.75 ± 0.43, and 3.70 ± 0.53, respectively. Data revealed that nurses' career plateauing accounted for 34% and 18% of the variance of their job satisfaction and promotability, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Career plateauing is a significant determinant of nurses' job satisfaction and promotability.
Dental Age Assessment of United States Black and White Children
Authors: Collier Shanetha L. , Lewis James M. , Kasper Kathleen A. , Marks Murray K. , Heidel R. Eric 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Medicolegal authorities use forensic dental age assessment of children to establish a biologic profile to assist in human identification, answer questions related to immigration, and answer questions used to substantiate eligibility for social benefits. The goal of this study was to assess the performance reliability of the child dental age assessment data previously published for White and Black children in the United States. A total of 432 dental panoramic radiographs were obtained from 3 geographic locations in the United States: Memphis, Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, and Saint Louis, Missouri. Radiographs were staged, and the estimated age was calculated using the previously published data. Multiple age assessments were conducted to determine the effect of excluding certain teeth on estimated age. The results indicated estimated ages using the previously published reference data set were accurate and concordant with known chronologic age across the ancestral, sex, and geographic categories. The results also indicated that the known chronologic age fell within one standard deviation of the estimated age more than the statistical expectation for most categories. Excluding canines provided the most accurate estimation of known chronologic age.
A Novel Approach for Fluoroscopic Guided Intra-Articular Hip Injections: Technique Description and Case Series
Authors: Santana De Los Santos Javier Antonio , Cross Aaron , Castaneda Pablo , Sherman Andrew L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fluoroscopic guided intra-articular hip injections generally utilize a standard anterior-posterior (AP) view. However, this approach can expose patients to inadvertent femoral nerve or vessel infiltration due to the proximity of the neurovascular bundle to the joint space. This case-series study describes a novel technique using fluoroscopic ipsilateral oblique angulation and caudal tilt of the image intensifier. With this view, the clinician can advance the needle in a lateral to medial trajectory to obtain intra-articular access and minimize the risk of complications. This method was performed in five patients with refractory chronic hip osteoarthritis, which resulted in notable pain improvements and no reported adverse events. The suggested technique could provide a safer alternative to the AP imaging technique for intra-articular hip injections by avoiding the femoral neurovascular bundle, limiting needle repositioning, and offering a satisfactory post-procedural analgesic effect.
FLUOROFENIDONE ATTENUATES PULMONARY INFLAMMATION AND FIBROSIS BY INHIBITING THE IL-11/MEK/ERK SIGNALING PATHWAY
Authors: Song Cheng , Liu Xiaofan , Tan Weijun , Guo Xiaoqun , Mao Yahui , Zhou Qi , Geng Shuang , Hu Yi 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is defined as a specific form of chronic, progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown cause. Interleukin (IL)-11 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, we explore whether a potential antifibrotic agent fluorofenidone (FD) exerts its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects through suppressing activation of the IL-11/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Male C57BL/6 J mice were intratracheally injected with bleomycin or saline. Fluorofenidone was administered throughout the course of the experiment. Lung tissue sections were stained with hemotoxylin and eosin, and Masson trichrome. Cytokines were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin, and collagen I were measured using immunohistochemistry, and the phosphorylated extracellular signal–regulated kinase, phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase, IL-11RA, and gp130 were measured using Western blot. The RAW264.7 cells and the normal human lung fibroblasts were treated with IL-11 and/or FD, IL-11RA–siRNA, or MEK inhibitor. The expressions of phosphorylated extracellular signal–regulated kinase, phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase, IL-11RA, gp130, α-SMA, fibronectin, and collagen I were measured using Western blot and/or real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the cytokines were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results showed that FD markedly reduced the expressions of IL-8, IL-18, IL-11, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, α-SMA, fibronectin, and collagen I in mice lung tissues. In addition, FD attenuated IL-11–induced expressions of α-SMA, fibronectin, and collagen I and inhibited IL-11RA, gp130, and phosphorylation of the ERK and MEK protein expression, as well as reduced the expressions of IL-8, IL-18, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in vitro. This study demonstrated that FD attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the IL-11/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
The Untrained Public’s Ability to Apply the Layperson Audiovisual Assist Tourniquet vs a Combat Application Tourniquet: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Goolsby Craig , Jonson Carl-Oscar , Goralnick Eric , Dacuyan-Faucher Nicole , Schuler Keke , Kothera Curt , Shah Amit , Cannon Jeremy , Prytz Erik 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
Although the Stop the Bleed campaign’s impact is encouraging, gaps remain. These gaps include rapid skill decay, a lack of easy-to-use tourniquets for the untrained public, and training barriers that prevent scalability. A team of academic and industry partners developed the Layperson Audiovisual Assist Tourniquet (LAVA TQ)—the first audiovisual-enabled tourniquet for public use. LAVA TQ addresses known tourniquet application challenges and is novel in its design and technology.

STUDY DESIGN:
This study is a prospective, randomized, superiority trial comparing the ability of the untrained public to apply LAVA TQ to a simulated leg vs their ability to apply a Combat Application Tourniquet (CAT). The study team enrolled participants in Boston, MA; Frederick, MD; and Linköping, Sweden in 2022. The primary outcome was the proportion of successful applications of each tourniquet. Secondary outcomes included: mean time to application, placement position, reasons for failed application, and comfort with the devices.

RESULTS:
Participants applied the novel LAVA TQ successfully 93% (n = 66 of 71) of the time compared with 22% (n = 16 of 73) success applying CAT (relative risk 4.24 [95% CI 2.74 to 6.57]; p < 0.001). Participants applied LAVA TQ faster (74.1 seconds) than CAT (126 seconds ; p < 0.001) and experienced a greater gain in comfort using LAVA TQ than CAT.

CONCLUSIONS:
The untrained public is 4 times more likely to apply LAVA TQ correctly than CAT. The public also applies LAVA TQ faster than CAT and has more favorable opinions about its usability. LAVA TQ’s highly intuitive design and built-in audiovisual guidance solve known problems of layperson education and skill retention and could improve public bleeding control.
Permanent vs Absorbable Mesh for Ventral Hernia Repair in Contaminated Fields: A Multicenter Propensity Matched Analysis of One-Year Outcomes Using the Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative Database
Authors: Rodriguez-Quintero Jorge Humberto , Romero-Velez Gustavo , Lima Diego L , Huang Li-Ching , Sreeramoju Prashanth , Malcher Flavio 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Traditionally, the use of absorbable mesh in contaminated fields aimed to reduce postoperative morbidity at the expense of increased hernia recurrence. This dogma has recently been challenged in randomized trials that demonstrate the advantages of permanent mesh in this setting. Although these studies are of high quality, their reproducibility across institutions is limited. We sought to compare the outcomes between permanent and absorbable mesh in a multicentric cohort from the Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative (ACHQC).

Study Design:
Patients who underwent elective ventral hernia repair in class II and III surgeries from January 2013 to December 2021 were identified within ACHQC. Outcomes were compared amongst permanent (P), absorbable synthetic (AS) and biologic (B) mesh at thirty days and one year using a propensity score matched analysis (PSM).

Results:
2484 patients were included; 73.4% P, 11.2% AS, and 15.4% B. 64% were clean-contaminated and 36% contaminated interventions. After PSM, there was no significant difference between groups regarding (SSO) (P 16%, AS 15%, B 21%, p=0.13), surgical site infection (SSI) (P 12%, AS 14%, B 12%, p=0.64), and surgical site occurrence requiring procedural intervention (SSOPI) at 30 days (P 12%, AS 15%, B 17%, p=0.1). At one-year, the recurrence rate was significantly lower amongst the permanent group (P 23%, AS 40%, B 32%, p=0.029).

Conclusions:
In this multi centric cohort, permanent mesh has equivalent 30-day outcomes and lower rates of hernia recurrence at one year after hernia repair in contaminated fields.
Polymorphobacter megasporae sp. nov., isolated from an Antarctic lichen
Authors: Noh Hyun-Ju , Park Yerin , Yang Junwon , Jang Seonghan , Lee Hyoungseok , Lee Yung Mi 
Published: September 2022

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, orange-coloured, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterial strain, PAMC 29362T, was isolated from an Antarctic lichen, Megaspora verrucosa. Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses indicated that strain PAMC 29362T belongs to the genus

Polymorphobacter

and was most closely related to

Polymorphobacter arshaanensis

(97.0% of 16S rRNA gene similarity),

Polymorphobacter fuscus

(96.3 %), Polymorphobacter multimanifer (95.3 %) and

Polymorphobacter glacialis

(95.2 %). Genomic relatedness analyses showed that strain PAMC 29362T is clearly distinguished from type strains of the genus

Polymorphobacter

based on values of average nucleotide identity (<74.3 %) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (<20.4 %). The genomic DNA G+C content of PAMC 29362T was 65.5 %. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were summed feature 8 (C18:1
ω7c; 38.5 %) and summed feature 3 (C16:1
ω7c and/or C16:1
ω6c; 31.5 %). The major respiratory quinone was Q-10. Based on the results of phylogenetic, genome-based relatedness and physiological analyses, strain PAMC 29362T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus

Polymorphobacter

, with the name Polymorphobacter megasporae sp. nov. The type strain is PAMC 29362T (=KCTC 82 578T=JCM 34545T)
Can the application of machine learning to electronic health records guide antibiotic prescribing decisions for suspected urinary tract infection in the Emergency Department?
Authors: Rockenschaub Patrick , Gill Martin J. , McNulty David , Carroll Orlagh , Freemantle Nick , Shallcross Laura 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major cause of emergency hospital admissions, but it remains challenging to diagnose them reliably. Application of machine learning (ML) to routine patient data could support clinical decision-making. We developed a ML model for bacteriuria in the ED and evaluated its performance in key patient groups to determine scope for its future use in clinical practice.MethodsWe used retrospective electronic health records from a large UK hospital (2011-2019). Non-pregnant adults who attended the ED and had a urine sample cultured were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome was predominant bacterial growth ≥104 cfu/mL in urine. Predictors included demography, medical history, ED diagnoses, blood tests, and urine flow cytometry. Linear and tree-based models were trained via repeated cross-validation, re-calibrated, and validated on data from 2018/19. Changes in performance were investigated by age, sex, ethnicity, and suspected ED diagnosis, and compared to clinical judgement.ResultsAmong 12,680 included samples, 4,677 (36.9%) showed bacterial growth. Relying primarily on flow cytometry parameters, our best model achieved an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.813 (95% CI 0.792-0.834) in the test data, and achieved both higher sensitivity and specificity compared to proxies of clinician’s judgement. Performance remained stable for white and non-white patients but was lower during a period of laboratory procedure change in 2015, in patients ≥65 years (AUC 0.783, 95% CI 0.752-0.815), in men (AUC 0.758, 95% CI 0.717-0.798). Performance was also slightly reduced in patients with recorded suspicion of UTI (AUC 0.797, 95% CI 0.765-0.828).ConclusionsOur results suggest scope for use of ML in ED decision making for suspected UTI but performance varied with patient characteristics. Clinical utility of predictive models for UTI is therefore likely to differ for important patient subgroups including women <65 years, women ≥65 years, and men. Tailored models and decision thresholds may be required that account for differences in achievable performance, background incidence, and risks of infectious complications in these groups.