bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting a group-level PrEP promotion intervention trial for transgender Latinas during the COVID-19 pandemic: Recruitment, screening, enrollment, data collection, implementation, and retention
Authors: Rhodes Scott D. , Tanner Amanda E. , Alonzo Jorge , Mann-Jackson Lilli , Aviles Lucero Refugio , Galindo Carla A. , Bessler Patricia A. , Courtenay-Quirk Cari , Smart Benjamin D. , Garcia Manuel , Goldenberg Tamar , Reboussin Beth A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected the conduct of community-based and community-engaged HIV research. Prior to the pandemic, our community-based participatory research partnership was testing ChiCAS, an in-person, group-level behavioral intervention designed to promote uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), condom use, and medically supervised gender-affirming hormone therapy among Spanish-speaking transgender Latinas who report having sex with men during the past 6 months. However, the pandemic required adaptations to ensure the safe conduct of the ChiCAS intervention trial. In this paper, we describe adaptations to the trial within critical five domains: (1) participant recruitment, (2) screening and enrollment, (3) baseline data collection, (4) intervention implementation, and (5) participant retention for follow-up data collection. Transgender women continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV; therefore, it was essential to find ways to continue important research designed to support their health and wellbeing within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. These adaptations offer guidance for ongoing and future community-based and community-engaged research during the COVID-19 pandemic and/or potential subsequent pandemics.
Landscape, demographic, and dispersal parameters influence the spread and establishment dynamics of an aquatic biological invasion
Authors: MacDonald Kelly J. , Leroux Shawn J. , Purchase Craig F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Human-mediated species introductions have provoked innumerable biological invasions, which are contributing to the biotic homogenization of global flora and fauna. Despite extensive research, we lack simple methods of predicting how and where an introduced species will spread and establish. We predict that spread can be modelled simply using the characteristics of the invading population, while establishment should be explained by the characteristics of the receiving ecosystem. Using the brown trout (Salmo trutta) invasion on the Island of Newfoundland as a case study, we fit a reaction-diffusion model to brown trout population data to predict expected spread and test these predictions against extensive occurrence data. Next, we use statistical models to assess the influence of several environmental variables on brown trout establishment patterns. We find that observed spread in Newfoundland is slow and that it lies on the lower end of the range of predictions made by the reaction-diffusion model. Two landscape-level environmental variables explain establishment patterns, but their influence is likely moderated by other factors. The wide range of predictions made by the model point to the importance of using population-specific parameterization and the intricate interplay of environmental variables that influence establishment illustrates the need to consider both landscape factors that are generally applicable across biological invasions, and those that are more specific to the ecology of the invader. Our study contextualises the mechanisms that contribute to a slow aquatic invasion and reveals that studies need to integrate a variety of methods to elucidate the processes governing invasions.
High Hazzard Pesticides (HHPs) in Near East and North Africa (NENA), constrains and recommendations to mitigate the risk of HHPs
Authors: Yaseen Thaer , Hajjar M. Jamal , Baogen Gu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This report gives an overview of the current situation of highly hazardous pesticides (HHPs) in North Africa and Near East countries (NENA). This work reviews the registered pesticides in the region and identify HHPs being used according to the Criteria 1–8 for HHPs of FAO/WHO Guidelines on HHPs. In addition, to identify the weakness and the need of the region to mitigate the risk from the use of HHPs, the report ended with recommendations needed in the region to improve the pesticide managements and registration, such as improving the agricultural practices by adopting the integrated pest management IPM and including replacing HHPs with ecosystem-friendly alternatives if available. The total number of pesticides registered and used in NENA region are 642 actives ingredients (IA). 89 HHPs are still in use in NENA region and 50% of them are evaluated under 1–7 criteria of GHS HHPs. This evaluation shows that 50% of HHPs are insecticides, 22% fungicides, 10% herbicides, 8% nematocides, 10% rodenticides. The rest of 38 HHPs are identified under criteria 8. This high number of HHPs still in use in some NENA countries urge the need technical assistance to reduce the use of HHPs. The type of assistant varies from country to other, to identify the priority of technical and legal assistant needed a country-based assessments must carry out at near future.
NDRG2 inhibits glycolysis in liver cancer cells is accompanied by the regulation of SIRT1
Authors: xin benge , cao wei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
NDRG2 is a tumor suppressor, highly expressed in normal tissues but down-regulated in many cancers. This enzyme was involved in glycolysis by regulating glycolytic enzymes in ccRCC and colorectal cancer. However, the mechanism of NDRG2 regulating glycolysis is still not clear, and the function of NDRG2 in liver tumor glycolysis is completely unknown. In the present study, we first demonstrated the low expression of NDRG2 in liver tumor tissues and found that the survival rate of patients was negatively correlated with the expression of NDRG2. Subsequently, based on NDRG2 overexpressed and knockdown cell lines, NDRG2 was shown to have the ability to inhibit glycolysis in liver cancer cells. Finally, SIRT1, a deacetylase that plays important role in glycolysis regulation, is negatively regulated by NDRG2 in liver tumors. Our data enrich the understanding of the role of NDRG2 in tumor growth and improve the mechanism by which NDRG2 regulates glycolysis.
K-Point Longitudinal Acoustic Phonons Are Responsible for Ultrafast Intervalley Scattering in monolayer MoSe2
Authors: Bae Soungmin , Matsumoto Kana , Raebiger Hannes , Shudo Ken-ichi , Kim Yong-Hoon , Handegård Ørjan , NAGAO Tadaaki , Kitajima Masahiro , Sakai Yuji , Zhang Xiang , Vajtai Robert , Ajayan Pulickel , Kono Junichiro , Takeda Jun , Katayama Ikufumi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In transition metal dichalcogenides, valley depolarization through intervalley carrier scattering by zone-edge phonons is often unavoidable. Although valley depolarization processes related to various acoustic phonons have been suggested, their optical verification is still vague due to nearly degenerate phonon frequencies on acoustic phonon branches at zone-edge momentums. Here we report an unambiguous phonon momentum determination of the longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonons at the K point, which are responsible for the ultrafast valley depolarization in monolayer MoSe2. Using sub-10-fs-resolution pump-probe spectroscopy, we observed coherent phonons signals at both even and odd-orders of zone-edge LA mode involved in intervalley carrier scattering process. Our phonon-symmetry analysis and first-principles calculations reveal that only the LA phonon at the K point, as opposed to the M point, can produce experimental odd-order LA phonon signals from its nonlinear optical modulation. Our work will provide momentum-resolved descriptions of phonon-carrier intervalley scattering processes in valleytronic materials.
An immune-related signature predicted survival in patients with Kidney clear cell carcinoma
Authors: junwen Shen , rongjiang Wang , yu Chen , zhihai Fang , jianer Tang , jianxiang Yao , yuhang Ling , liya Guan , Huan Zhong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: The main aim of this study was to identify immune-related genes in Kidney clear cell carcinoma (ccRcc) patients.Methods: We downloaded RNAseq data and clinical information of ccRcc patients from the TCGA database and retrieved the immune-related genes list from the web of Immport. We performed Cox and LASSO analyses, using “survival” and “glmnt’ packages implemented in R, to reveal survival immune-related genes. Next, we verified the prognostic signature of these genes, and further confirmed its survival value using Kaplan-Meier analysis and ROC time dependent curves. We also evaluated the signature’s immune cell component and the results of immunotherapy.Results: Analysis of 526 tumor samples revealed a total of 770 immune-related genes, after four steps of primary screening. Cox and LASSO analyses revealed 11 hub immune-related survival genes, namely ADRB2, AGER, BIRC5, CDNF, CXCL2, ESR2, F2RL1, IFITM1, PTX3, SEMA3G, and TCF7L2. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed prognostic signature of the 11 DEGs, with the high-risk score group in ccRcc patients exhibiting a worse survival rate (P<0.001 in both the training and test sets, respectively). ROC analysis in the training set revealed an AUC value of 0.71 for both 1- and 3-year survival, and 0.65 for 5 years). Furthermore compared with low-risk score group, we found that the high-risk score group had a higher percentage of 10 cells in the immune component (Exhausted cells, Tr1 cells, nTreg cells, Th1 cells, Tfh cells, Effect memory cells, MAIT cells, Macrophage cells, CD8 T cells, and iTreg cells), a low percentage of 6 cells (CD4 native cells, CD8 native cells, Th17 cells, central memory cells, Neutrophil cells, and Gamma delta cells).Conclusion: Our results revealed 11 survival immune-related genes (ADRB2, AGER, BIRC5, CDNF, CXCL2, ESR2, F2RL1, IFITM1, PTX3, SEMA3G, TCF7L2) in ccRcc patients. We used these genes to develop a signature that can act as an independent prognostic predictor for overall survival and response of ccRcc patients to immunotherapy.
Annual water balance analysis for a vernal pool in southern New England.
Authors: Axthelm Charlotte , Barten Paul 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Vernal pools are ephemeral wetlands lacking an inlet or outlet. Generally, these wetlands are found in a range of biomes, but specific characteristics such as size, vegetation, and wildlife inhabitants vary based on location. While the vegetation of western U.S. pools and amphibians of eastern U.S. pools have been extensively studied, other aspects remain relatively unexplored. Although the general seasonal wetting and drying cycle is understood qualitatively, few studies have attempted to quantify the hydrological regime. As water level variation drives most of the defining characteristics of these systems, more research on this is needed. Our primary objective was to better understand vernal pool hydrology through the study of a typical pool in South Deerfield, Massachusetts. Using a water balance analysis, we found that the countervailing effects of precipitation and evapotranspiration were the primary drivers of water level change. An estimate of storage derived specifically for the pool, through estimated inflow, and outflow via deep seepage, was also successful at estimating water level changes during spring transition, the period most important to amphibian breeding.
Refractory/relapse thrombocytopenia in a patient with Evans’ syndrome successfully treated with zanubrutinib
Authors: Li Menguan , Liu Liu , Ding Bingjie , Xia Ao , Han Yu , Song Xuewen , Song Yongping , Wei Xudong , Zhou Hu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundEvans’ syndrome (ES) is a rare autoimmune disorder and has high mortality rate. Due to the rarity of the disease, the treatments of ES are always emprical, including steroids, IVIG, rituximab, TPO-RAs, immunosuppressants, splenectomy and supportive therapies. However, many patients may become relapsed/refractory to a series of different interventions. Herein, we report a case that a ES patient with severe refractory/relapse thrombocytopenia was successfully treated with zanubrutinib.Case presentationA 15-year-old Chinese girl, with repeated skin petechiae and ecchymosis, was diagnosed of Evans’ syndrome finally. Despite the initial treatment with dexamethasone, recombinant human thrombopoietin receptor agonist (Eltrombopag /Avatrobopa), immunoglobulin, rituximab, immunosuppressants (Cyclosporine/Azathioprine /Sirolimus) and splenectomy, the patient relapsed and finally had a dramatic and lasting recovery after being treated with zanubrutinib, a second-generation selective covalent Inhibitor of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase.ConclusionWe concluded by reviewing the cases of refractory/relapse Evans’ syndrome and the application of BTK Inhibitors for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Zanubrutinib may be a feasible therapeutic option for patients with Evans’ syndrome who do not respond well to traditional therapies. Ours is the first published case of using covalent Inhibitor of BTK in refractory/relapse Evans’ syndrome and contributes to the successful use of zanubrutinib in future clinical practice. However, the role of zanubrutinib in ES treatment requires more basic and clinical trials to test and evaluate.
Measurements and computational fluid dynamics investigation of the indoor radon distribution in a typical naturally ventilated room
Authors: Adelikhah Mohammademad , Imani Morteza , Kovács Tibor 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Based on the European Union Basic Safety Standards to protect people against exposure to ionizing radiation, establishing and addressing the reference levels for indoor radon concentrations is necessary. Therefore, the indoor radon concentration should monitor and control in dwelling and workplaces. However, proper ventilation and sustainability are the major factors that influence how healthy the environment in a building is for its occupants. In this paper, the indoor radon distribution in a typical naturally ventilated room under two scenarios (when the door is closed and open) using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique was studied. The CFD code ANSYS Fluent 2020 R1 based on the finite volume method was employed before the simulation results were compared with analytical calculations as well as passive and active measurements.Results: The average radon concentration from the CFD simulation was found to be between 70.21 and 66.25 Bq m-3 under closed and open-door conditions, respectively, at the desired ventilation rate of 1 ACH (Air Changes per Hour). Moreover, the highest concentrations of radon were measured close to the floor and the lowest values were recorded near to the inlet, resulting in the airflow velocity profile.Conclusion: The simulation results were in good agreement with the maxima of 19% and 7% compared to analytical calculations at different indoor air velocities in the open- and closed-door scenarios, respectively. The measured radon concentrations obtained by the active measurements also fitted well with the CFD results, for example, with a relative standard deviation of around 7% and 2% when measured by AlphaGUARD and RAD7 monitors at a height of 1.0 m above the ground in the open-door scenario. From the simulation results, the effective dose received by an individual from the indoor air of the workplace was also calculated.
Why Do We Share Fake News? A Cognitive Behaviour Analysis on the Use of Social Media in Global South Context
Authors: Samya Shashwata Sourav Roy , Tonmoy MD. Shaleh Islam , Rabbi MD. Forhad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The world has been hit by the COVID - 19 epidemic, prompting us to release vaccines at breakneck speed. As much as this elicited an outpouring of joy from us, it also elicited a slew of worries and anxieties. So much so that many have been led astray by false information spread throughout their various social media platforms. It didn't take long for us to realize how quickly these "news" circulated among peers and friends. This led us to work on this project, in which we attempted to identify adequate links between the propagation of these misinformation and the factors that may be connected with our respondents being fed lies from sources they believe to be trustworthy based on personal ties. In order to find our targeted outcomes, we used a cognitive method. A total of 202 replies were chosen for the final round, in which respondents were presented with falsified news and then asked how they would react to news being shared or posted with someone with whom they have a personal connection. The Likert Chart Scale was our primary method of data collection, with Yes/No responses serving as a backup. The findings do provide us with some insight into the people who believed in our fabricated news, as well as how they would behave in a situation where the source of similar hoax news came from people who have a respectable place in their lives.
The Effect of Wearing a Powered Air Purifying Respirator Versus an N95 Mask on the Olfactory Function of Healthcare Workers
Authors: Xia Xiao , Liu Shixu , Xia Kun , Liu Yanyi , Zhang Jinzhi , Liu Xiaohong , Yao Yuhao , Li Guangxi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
With the COVID-19 epidemic, wearing a mask has become routine to prevent and control the virus's spread. Wearing masks for long periods can have various adverse effects on the human body, but little attention has been paid to the impact on olfaction. This study aimed to investigate whether wearing a mask affects healthcare workers' olfactory function and provide a reference for clinical olfactory research and mask wear regulations.
Methods
We recruited fifty-six healthcare workers and randomly divided them into two groups, wearing a Powered Air Purifying Respirator (PAPR, experiment group, N = 28) and an N95 mask (control group, N = 28) for 8h. Olfactory discrimination tests and threshold tests were performed before and after wearing the masks. SPSS 26.0 software was used for the statistical analyses.
Results
Current results suggested no statistical difference in the discrimination test scores between the PAPR Group (Z=-0.707 P = 0.480) and N95 Group (Z=-0.828 P = 0.408) before and after wearing the masks. The olfactory threshold test revealed a statistical difference in threshold scores before and after wearing the mask in the PAPR Group (Z= -2.595 P = 0.009) and N95 Group (Z= -2.120 P = 0.034). Both PAPRs and N95 masks reduce the sensitivity of healthcare workers to odors, with no significant difference between the two (χ2 = 0.292, p = 0.589).
Conclusion
Wearing a mask affects the healthcare workers’ olfaction, especially odor sensitivity. Healthcare workers wearing masks have a higher olfactory threshold than before, whether wearing PAPRs or N95 masks. More attention needs to be paid to the effect of masks on the olfactory function.
Effect of time and times of antenatal contact and other possible factors associated with birth outcomes in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: Prospective follow up study
Authors: KITILA SENA , Feyisa Garumma , Wordofa Muluemebet 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Pregnancy is usually a pleased time for most women and their families. However, it can be a period of concern and anxiety for some women those who are experienced adverse birth outcomes. Antenatal care (ANC) and timing of booking for ANC are believed to be basic components of ANC services. Different studies reported different results on effects of time and times of ANC contact on birth outcomes. Objective: This study is aimed to examine the effect of time and times of ANC contacts on birth outcomes, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based prospective follow up study in pregnancy up to 42 days postpartum conducted among 987 pregnant women in Jimma Zone from July 2020 to June 2021. Data were entered into the Epi-data and analyzed using SPSS software version 20. The binary logistic regression model was used to select candidate variables for multivariable analysis. Multivariable analysis was fitted to see association between the dependent and independent factors. A statistically significant was declared at a p-value less than 0.05 and AOR with 95% CIResults: Nine hundred and twenty-eight (94.0%) of the women were in the age group of less than 35 years with a mean and SD of 26.63, + 3.89 respectively. One hundred sixty-three (16.5%) of them made four or more ANC and early booking. The overall unfavorable birth outcome is 7.2 % (CI, 5.7%, 8.8%). Time and times of ANC contact has no effect on birth outcomes. Husband educational status (AOR: 4.835 95% CI 1.552, 15.062), family size (AOR: 7.854 95% CI 2.661,23.186) parity (AOR: .158 95% CI: .054, .456), mode of delivery (AOR: 2.672 95% CI: 1.089, 6.553), the service given during ANC contacts (AOR: 2.734 ,95% CI: 1.467, 5.095) and social support (AOR: 1.940 95% CI: 1.081, 3.482) were found to be associated with birth outcomes.Conclusion and recommendations: The overall unfavorable birth outcome is significant. The time and times of ANC contacts has no statistically significant effect on birth outcomes. Educational status of the husband, family size, parity, mode of delivery, services given during ANC contact and social support were the possible factors that were statistically increases the odds of unfavorable birth outcomes. Hence, enactment of the recommended ANC services rather than focusing on time entry and times of contact is animated for birth outcomes. Furthermore, we also recommend a more representative community-based study.
Genetic manipulation in the mouse olfactory circuit reveals an intrinsic role of the circadian clock in the piriform cortex for daily changes in odor-evoked neural activity
Authors: Takeuchi Shunsuke , Shimizu Mikiko , Fukada Yoshitaka , Emoto Kazuo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In mammals, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is generally thought to be the master circadian clock orchestrating the internal clock of the entire body. On the other hand, olfactory behavior and odor-evoked activity in the piriform cortex (PC) retain circadian rhythmicity in the absence of the SCN. How the circadian rhythm in the PC is achieved independently of the SCN, however, remains elusive. Here, to define neurons regulating the circadian rhythm of the odor-evoked activity in the PC, we knocked out the clock gene Bmal1 in a host of specific neurons along the olfactory circuit. We discovered that Bmal1 knockout (KO) in the PC largely abolishes the circadian rhythm of the odor-evoked activity. We further show that isolated PC exhibited sustained circadian rhythms of the clock gene Per2 expression. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that expression patterns of multiple genes involved in neural activity and synaptic transmission exhibited circadian rhythm in the PC in a BMAL1-dependent manner. Our findings indicate that BMAL1 acts intrinsically in the PC to control the circadian rhythm of the odor-evoked activity in the PC, possibly through regulating expression patterns of multiple genes involved in neural activity and transmission.