bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stigma Regarding HIV and Sexual Identity as Barriers to Accessing HIV Testing and Prevention Services Among Gay and Bisexual Migrants in Australia
Authors: Philpot Steven P. , Mao Limin , Cifali Donatella , Power Cherie , Templeton David J. , Robinson Sharon , Varma Rick , Grulich Andrew E. , Aung Eithandee , Bavinton Benjamin R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Stigma is a significant contributor to the HIV diagnosis disparities experienced among migrants who are gay and bisexual men (GBM) living in high-income countries.

Methods
We conducted interviews with 24 migrant GBM in Australia diagnosed with HIV from 2017 onwards, who since their diagnosis had become well-connected to sexual health services and participation in research. Interviews were conducted between October 2018 and December 2019. We aimed to identify how HIV and sexual identity stigmas were barriers to accessing HIV testing and prevention.

Results
These stigmas were deeply embedded into social, cultural, and institutional settings in participants’ countries of origin, resulting in poor HIV literacy, reluctance to access HIV-related services, including HIV testing, and fears of being identified as gay/bisexual publicly. Underpinned by internalised stigma, these fears and poor outcomes often persisted after moving to Australia. Other barriers to accessing HIV-related services in Australia included apprehension about a potential HIV-positive result and the possibility of visa cancellation, concerns about confidentiality, and a lack of confidence and support in navigating the healthcare system, including how to access pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Conclusion
Addressing these multifaceted HIV testing and prevention barriers requires policies, systems, and interventions that increase health literacy about HIV testing, prevention, and treatment; build trust and confidence when navigating Australian health services; and reduce the impacts of HIV and sexual identity stigmas in migrants’ countries of origin on their experiences in Australia.
The non-commutative Robertson–Schrödinger uncertainty principle
Authors: Hatzinikitas Agapitos N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe investigate properties of the covariance matrix in the framework of non-commutative quantum mechanics for an one-parameter family of transformations between the familiar Heisenberg–Weyl algebra and a particular extension of it. Employing as a measure of the Robertson–Schrödinger uncertainty principle the linear symplectic capacity of the Weyl ellipsoid (and its dual), we determine its corresponding bounds. Inequalities between the capacities for non-commutative phase-spaces are established. We also present a constructive example based on a simple model to justify our theoretical predictions.
Some remarks on the periodic motions of a bouncing ball
Authors: Marò Stefano 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe consider the vertical motion of a free falling ball bouncing elastically on a racket moving in the vertical direction according to a regular 1-periodic function f. For fixed coprime p, q we study existence, stability in the sense of Lyapunov and multiplicity of p periodic motions making q bounces in a period. If f is real analytic we prove that one periodic motion is unstable and give some information on the set of these motions.
Thermal De-coating Pre-treatment for Loose or Compacted Aluminum Scrap and Consequences for Salt-Flux Recycling
Authors: Vallejo-Olivares Alicia , Høgåsen Solveig , Kvithyld Anne , Tranell Gabriella 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn aluminum recycling, thermal de-coating pre-treatments remove moisture and organic contamination before re-melting. If the scrap is compacted into bales or briquettes before the thermal treatment and re-melting processes, less surface area is exposed to oxidation in contact with air. However, compaction may also limit the efficiency of the de-coating process. In this study, coated sheets of aluminum were thermally de-coated at varied temperatures and durations. Observations of changes in coating thickness, mass, color, and composition revealed a maximum de-coating efficiency of close to 75% wt due to remaining oxide residues. The relationship between de-coating and compaction was investigated by thermally treating loose shreddings (chips) and briquettes of various densities. The briquettes were compacted by three methods: uniaxial, moderate-pressure torsion (MPT), and MPT at 450 °C (Hot MPT); and the de-coating efficiency was calculated from the mass loss. Subsequently, the samples were re-melted under salt-flux and compared with another set of samples which were re-melted without thermal pre-treatment. The results showed that thermal de-coating significantly promotes the coalescence of loose chips and briquettes compacted uniaxially, up to similar coalescences than initially uncoated aluminum samples. Thermally treating the MPT briquettes, which were more densely compacted, led to less de-coating, and subsequently lower coalescences. The analysis of re-melted material revealed that the coating residues did not significantly affect the composition, while the compaction prevented Mg loss for the uncoated materials.
Graphical Abstract
Joint Attention Networks with Inherent and Contextual Preference-Awareness for Successive POI Recommendation
Authors: Zhong Haiting , He Wei , Cui Lizhen , Liu Lei , Yan Zhongmin , Zhao Kun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNowadays recording and sharing personal lives using mobile devices on the Internet is becoming increasingly popular, and successive POI recommendation is gaining growing attention from academia and industry. In mobile scenarios, multiple influencing factors including the diversity of user preferences, the changeability of user behavior and the dynamic of spatiotemporal context bring great challenges to the POI recommender system. In order to accurately capture both the stable and the contextual preferences of mobile users in dynamic contexts, we propose a fusion framework JANICP (Joint Attention Networks with Inherent and Contextual Preferences) for successive POI recommendation by jointly training an offline/nearline user inherent interest perception model and an online user contextual interest prediction model. The offline model is trained based on the global historical behavior data to achieve stable interest representation, while the online model is trained based on the instantly selected context-sensitive data to achieve dynamic interest perception. An attention aggregation and matching module is used to fully connect the two kinds of preference representations and generate the final POI recommendation. Extensive experiments were conducted on three real datasets and experimental results show that the proposed JANICP outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods.
Systematic Review on Wearable Lower Extremity Robotic Exoskeletons for Assisted Locomotion
Authors: Qiu Shuang , Pei Zhongcai , Wang Chen , Tang Zhiyong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLower extremity robotic exoskeletons (LEEX) can not only improve the ability of the human body but also provide healing treatment for people with lower extremity dysfunction. There are a wide range of application needs and development prospects in the military, industry, medical treatment, consumption and other fields, which has aroused widespread concern in society. This paper attempts to review LEEX technical development. First, the history of LEEX is briefly traced. Second, based on existing research, LEEX is classified according to auxiliary body parts, structural forms, functions and fields, and typical LEEX prototypes and products are introduced. Then, the latest key technologies are analyzed and summarized, and the research contents, such as bionic structure and driving characteristics, human–robot interaction (HRI) and intent-awareness, intelligent control strategy, and evaluation method of power-assisted walking efficiency, are described in detail. Finally, existing LEEX problems and challenges are analyzed, a future development trend is proposed, and a multidisciplinary development direction of the key technology is provided.
Uniform and non-uniform sampling of bandlimited functions at minimal density with a few additional samples
Authors: Al-Hammali Hussain , Faridani Adel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA family of sampling theorems for the reconstruction of bandlimited functions from their samples is presented. Taking one or more additional samples is shown to yield more rapidly convergent series with lower truncation errors, as well as to facilitate the reconstruction of bandlimited functions with polynomial growth on the real line. The theorems apply to both uniform sampling and a large class of non-uniform sampling sets, i.e., complete interpolating sequences for the Paley–Wiener space. A number of examples and numerical illustrations accompany the general theory. These include uniform sampling, uniform sampling with finitely many points moved, periodic non-uniform sampling, and sampling at the zeros of Bessel functions$$J_\nu (\pi x)$$Jν(πx)for non-integer$$v > -1$$v>-1.
Rare findings in ectopic breast tissue: A case study of 7 patients
Authors: Katoof Firas Majeed , Abdulmajeed Mustafa Usama , Jasim Hasanain Abdulameer 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Ectopic Breast Tissue is a rare condition; it can be present anywhere along the milk line during adult life. Although rare, pathological conditions including breast carcinoma or benign breast disease can occur in Ectopic breast tissue.

Aim
Identify the most proper approach to the management of malignant conditions affecting ectopic breast tissue.

Patients and methods
A prospective cohort study including 7 patients who presented with a mass in their Ectopic Breast Tissue visited the breast clinic and general surgery clinic at Al-Yarmouk teaching hospital for a period of five years. All the patients were subjected to triple assessment. Treatment was done according to the findings. All patients were followed for 1–2 years.

Result
Five patients complained of a painful mass (3 in the axilla and 2 were infra-mammary). The remaining two cases were painless axillary mass. Histopathology and cytology revealed that 1 patient presented with fibroadenoma, 5 patients had Invasive ductal carcinoma, and 1pateint was diagnosed with Invasive lobular carcinoma. Modified radical mastectomy was done in 3 cases, wide local excision with axillary clearance in 2 cases, and wide local excision alone for 2 patients. Distant metastasis occurs in 2 cases of Modified radical mastectomy, in addition to local and distant metastasis in 1 patient with wide local excision alone.

Conclusion
In ectopic breast carcinoma, modified radical mastectomy is indicated only in the presence of concurrent ipsilateral breast carcinoma and when there is an extension to the normal pectoral breast or chest wall. Otherwise, wide local excision with axillary clearance seems to be sufficient treatment with no recurrence or survival rate difference.

Highlights
A conceptual framework for clinical and translational virtual community engagement research
Authors: Rubyan Michael , Trinidad M. Grace , Ryan Kerry A. , Spiroff Meghan , Goold Susan , Burns Jade , Calhoun Karen , Rowe Zachary , Büyüktür Ayşe G. , Piechowski Patricia , Platt Jodyn 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated a trend for clinical and translational community-engaged research in adapting to an increasingly virtual landscape. This requires a framework for engagement distinct from in-person research and program activities. We reflect on four case studies of community engagement activities that inform a conceptual framework to better integrate the virtual format into community-engaged research reflecting key tenets of health equity and antiracist praxis.

Methods:
Four projects were selected by community-engaged research stakeholders for an in-depth review based on how much the virtual transition impacted activities such as planning, recruitment, and data collection for each project. Transitions to virtual engagement were assessed across ten areas in which community engagement has been demonstrated to make a positive impact.

Results:
Our analysis suggests a conceptual evaluation framework in which the ten community engagement areas cluster into four interrelated domains: (1) development, design, and delivery; (2) partnership and trust building; (3) implementation and change; and (4) ethics and equity.

Conclusions:
The domains in this conceptual framework describe critical elements of community engaged research and programs consistent with recommendations for health equity informed meaningful community engagement from the National Academy of Medicine. The conceptual framework and case studies can be used for evaluation and to develop guidelines for clinical and translational researchers utilizing the virtual format in community-engaged research.
Fostering diversity and a culture of inclusion in clinical research by training and hiring community members as clinical research assistants
Authors: Collinger Katelyn , Yasko Laurel L. , Smalley Denise , Rassau Kimberly , Strickland William E. , Reis Steven E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The University of Pittsburgh (Pitt) Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI) and the nonprofit Bidwell Training Center co-developed a new program for translational workforce diversification and development to foster diversity and inclusion in clinical research. The STricklAnd Research Training (START) program provides students in the Medical Assistant program at Bidwell a career path in clinical research. We created a 12-hour didactic package that covers responsible conduct of human subjects research and good clinical practice as an add-on to existing vocational curriculums. Students have the option of completing a clinical research-related externship at Pitt, which includes mentoring, shadowing, and protocol-specific training on a study team whose intention is to hire them as a clinical research assistant. Those who accept a position at Pitt receive continued mentorship, education, and professional development through Pitt CTSI. In the first three cohorts, two of which had access to research externships at Pitt, 92% of students successfully completed the instruction in clinical research. We plan to expand START to new venues to train and hire local community members from diverse backgrounds who can bring their lived experience to research programs.
The Emergence of the Established “By Law” Criterion for Reviewing European Judicial Appointments
Authors: Karlsson Haukur Logi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe “established by law” criterion recently emerged as an independent element of Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), through the European Court of Human Rights’ (ECtHR’s) judgment in Ástráðsson v. Iceland. The criterion imposes the obligation on states to appoint judges in accordance with the respective legal framework. Its emergence occurred at a precarious moment in European intergovernmental politics, with illiberal governments in several European states exhibiting tactics aimed at softening obstacles to their governing powers, upheld by their respective judiciaries. Through a dialog between the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) Court, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), and the ECtHR, the “established by law” criterion has now emerged in the European constitutional repository for thwarting such tactics. In this article, the story of this development is told through highlights from the case law of the European supranational courts and through the Icelandic backstory of the Ástráðsson case. This story reveals important nuances in how the case law needs to be understood with regards to the constitutional forces at stake. The conceptual approach of the ECtHR in Ástráðsson is also analyzed in context with Lon Fuller’s rule of law principle of congruence, which provides a framework for evaluating the merits of the Court’s tactic.
A Kantian Moral Cosmopolitan Approach to Teaching Professional Legal Ethics
Authors: Madhloom Omar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article argues that given the globalization of legal education and legal services, professional legal ethics should incorporate not only a cosmopolitan dimension but also sentiments such as compassion, respect, and sensitivity for human suffering. Inspired by the philosophy of Immanuel Kant and his theory of education, this article seeks to address some of the limitations of the professional codes of conduct for barristers and solicitors, in England and Wales, by applying a moral cosmopolitan approach to the teaching of professional legal ethics. This normative approach is underscored by a commitment to moral duties to persons irrespective of their nationality, gender, religion, or any other defining characteristic. These duties include promoting client autonomy and engaging in law reform. This article also argues that Clinical Legal Education programs are an appropriate methodology for teaching moral cosmopolitan ethics.
Rethinking work: How approach and avoidance features of cognitive crafting are linked with job crafting behaviors and work engagement
Authors: Costantini Arianna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResponding to the call for more research on cognitive crafting, this study focuses on employees' reframing of their job characteristics to assign higher importance to job resources and downplay the relevance of costly job demands. Furthermore, it examines how these proactive cognitive strategies are embedded in an overall job crafting process, including both cognitive and behavioral aspects, and linked with work engagement. Preliminary results (n = 247) support the conceptualization of cognitive crafting encompassing approach and avoidance aspects targeting resources and demands, respectively. Moreover, three-wave data (n = 84) show that employees' cognitive efforts to highlight the centrality of job resources influence work engagement over time. Importantly, proactively organizing work leads to higher work engagement by prompting cognitive reframing of the relevance of job resources as central to one's work. Differently, cognitive efforts to downplay the relevance of hindering job demands are unrelated to following proactive behaviors and work engagement.
Bose–Einstein condensation for particles with repulsive short-range pair interactions in a Poisson random external potential in
Authors: Kerner Joachim , Pechmann Maximilian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe study Bose gases in$d \ge 2$dimensions with short-range repulsive pair interactions at positive temperature, in the canonical ensemble and in the thermodynamic limit. We assume the presence of hard Poissonian obstacles and focus on the non-percolation regime. For sufficiently strong interparticle interactions, we show that almost surely there cannot be Bose–Einstein condensation into a sufficiently localized, normalized one-particle state. The results apply to the canonical eigenstates of the underlying one-particle Hamiltonian.
THE MARINE RESERVOIR EFFECT: A CASE STUDY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES AT GUANABARA BAY, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL
Authors: Vivone Ronaldo Janvrot , Carvalho Zenildo Lara de , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu , Santos Roberto Ventura dos , Godoy José Marcus 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThis study applied, radiocarbon dating to charcoal and mollusk samples from Sernambetiba and Amourins archaeological sites in the Northeast region of Guanabara Bay, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to assess the marine radiocarbon reservoir effect (MRE) of this area, being applied for the correction of the marine samples ages. The results for this estuarine system were ΔR = –87 ± 90 14C yr and ΔR = –244 ± 70 14C yr for 3970 ± 70 14C yr BP and 2357 ± 60 14C yr BP, respectively. Based on these findings, calibrated 14C ages were calculated for Sernambetiba and Amourins shell mound sites surrounding the bay. Marine samples from the Guapi site were analyzed and only their radiocarbon ages presented because there were no paired terrestrial samples for the MRE assessment. These results are coherent with previously published values also derived from archaeological samples for the Rio de Janeiro state coastal region and contribute to the interpretation of human occupation of the region during the Holocene.
Adherence to UK dietary guidelines in school-aged children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort
Authors: Buckland Genevieve , Northstone Kate , Emmett Pauline M. , Taylor Caroline M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCompliance to UK dietary recommendations was assessed in school-aged children from a population-based cohort: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). A Children’s Eatwell Guide (C-EWG) score was developed to assess socio-demographic predictors of meeting dietary recommendations. ALSPAC children with plausible diet diary data at 7 years (n 5373), 10 years (n 4450) and 13 years (n 2223) were included in the study. Their dietary intakes (recorded between 1998 and 2006) were compared with dietary guidelines for total and saturated fats, free sugars, salt, fibre, protein, carbohydrates, fruit and vegetables, non-oily and oily fish and red/processed meat. The C-EWG score (0–9 points) indicated the number of recommendations met at each age. Cross-sectional associations between socio-demographic characteristics and C-EWG scores were assessed using multivariable regression. The lowest adherence to guidelines at 7 years was for sugar (0·1 % meeting recommendations), followed by fibre (7·7 %), oily fish (9·5 %), saturated fat (9·7 %) and fruit and vegetables (15·2 %). Highest adherence was for limiting red/processed meat (67·3 %) and meeting carbohydrate recommendations (77·3 %). At 7 years, 12·1 % of participants failed to meet any of the nine recommendations, 26·9 % met one and 28·2 % met two. Similar patterns were seen at 10 and 13 years. A lower social class and maternal educational attainment and higher maternal BMI were associated with meeting fewer recommendations. Most school-aged children in this cohort did not meet UK dietary recommendations, particularly children from lower socio-economic backgrounds. Additional public health initiatives are needed to improve the quality of UK children’s diets, particularly targeting lower socio-economic groups.