bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calibration of Storage Model by Multi-Stage Statistical and Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Karimi Nader , Assa Hirbod , Salavati Erfan , Adibi Hojatollah 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCalibration of multidimensional economic problems proven to be difficult, as there is a high risk of problem miss-identification. In this paper we propose a multi-stage calibration method to estimate the six parameters of a commodity market price model that includes storage. We assume that the commodity prices are derived from the optimal commodity storage time when the demand process follows a mean-reverting log-Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. Using two alternative value functions, first we propose a two-stage method to maximize the likelihood functions obtained by Milstein method. Then by considering a regularized likelihood functions we propose a multi-stage method to calibrate the parameters of our problem. After we realize our method is perfectly performing on the simulated data, we encounter it to actual data and calibrate the parameters. We observe that our multi-stage calibration method is robust and that the storage model outperforms the non-storage model.
Impact of a First-Year Place-Based Learning Community on STEM Students’ Academic Achievement in their Second, Third, and Fourth Years
Authors: Johnson Matthew D. , Margell Steven T. , Goldenberg Katlin , Palomera Raven , Sprowles Amy. E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLearning communities for college students have been shown to improve first-year student outcomes and narrow equity gaps, but longer-term data to evaluate whether these benefits persist through multi-year retention and graduation are rare. This is especially important for students in science, technology, engineering and math, who often confront gateway courses and challenging academic cultures in their second and subsequent years. Here, we report on the second, third, and fourth year academic outcomes of three cohorts of a first-year placed-based learning community. Relative to a reference group, participants in the learning community generally showed similar grade acquisition in second- and third-year STEM courses, and initially higher GPAs for learning community participants later diminished to be statistically indistinguishable from the reference group. Nonetheless, units completed after one, two, and three years were slightly higher for learning community participants than for the reference group, and with narrower equity gaps. The learning community also increased and narrowed equity gaps in second- and third-year retention at the institution and in STEM specifically (+6 to +17%). Four-year graduation rates from the institution and in STEM specifically also increased (+8 to +17%), but equity gaps were only narrowed slightly. These results suggest that while benefits of first-year learning communities on grades decline over time, benefits for retention and graduation can persist, though they are insufficient to erase equity gaps. Future work should examine how scaffolding practices in students’ second and third years can better sustain and even magnify inclusive success improvements initiated by first year learning communities.
Maternal Education and Children’s School Achievement: The Roles of Values, Parenting, and Behavior Regulation
Authors: Weis Mirjam , Trommsdorff Gisela , Muñoz Lorena , González Roberto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine psychological factors that may contribute to explain the link between maternal education and children’s school achievement. As explanatory factors, mothers’ self-transcendence values (i.e., altruism, tolerance, and social responsibility), maternal restrictive control, and children’s behavior regulation were studied as part of an integrative framework. The sample consisted of 167 Chilean fourth graders (age:M = 10.16;SD = 0.42), their mothers, and their teachers. Mediation analyses using a bootstrapping method confirmed the proposed integrative model, revealing a triple indirect effect, indicating that mothers’ self-transcendence values, maternal restrictive control, and children’s behavior regulation mediated the positive relation between maternal education and children’s school achievement, even after controlling for intelligence, age, and gender. Mothers with lower levels of education reported lower self-transcendence values and used more restrictive control. Further, children of mothers who often used maternal restrictive control showed lower behavior regulation and poorer school achievement. Thus, the results of this intracultural study contribute to a better understanding of the relation between maternal education and children’s school achievement. Implications of these findings for further research are addressed.
Role of empirical isolation of the superior vena cava in patients with recurrence of atrial fibrillation after pulmonary vein isolation—a multi-center analysis
Authors: Knecht Sven , Zeljkovic Ivan , Badertscher Patrick , Krisai Philipp , Spies Florian , Vognstrup Jan , Pavlovic Nikola , Manola Sime , Osswald Stefan , Kühne Michael , Sticherling Christian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Non-pulmonary vein (PV) triggers play a role in the initiation of atrial fibrillation (AF), with the superior vena cava (SVC) being a common location. The aim of the current study was to investigate a strategy of empirical SVC isolation (SVCI) in addition to re-isolation of PV in patients with recurrence of AF after index PV isolation (PVI).

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients from two centers with recurrence of AF after index PVI, undergoing a repeat ablation. Whereas only a re-isolation of the PV was intended in patients with reconnections of equal or more than two PV (PVI group), an additional SVCI was aimed for in patients with < 2 isolated PV in addition to the re-isolation of the PV (PVI + group). Analysis was performed as-treated and per-protocol.

Results
Of the 344 patients included in the study (age 60 ± 10 years, 73% male, 66% paroxysmal AF), PVI only was performed in 269 patients (77%) and PVI plus SVCI (PVI +) in 75 patients (23%). Overall, freedom from AF/AT after repeat PVI was 80% (196 patients) in the PVI group and 73% in the PVI + group (p = 0.151). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, presence of persistent AF (HR 2.067 (95% CI 1.389–3.078), p < 0.001) and hypertension (HR 1.905 (95% CI 1.218–2.980), p = 0.005) were identified as only significant predictors of AF/AT recurrence. The per-protocol results did not differ from this observation.

Conclusions
A strategy of an empirical additional SVCI at repeat PVI ablation for recurrence of AF/AT does not improve outcome compared to a PVI only approach.
Does resilience to fire confer resilience to grazing in savanna ant communities of Northern Australia?
Authors: Arcoverde Gabriela B. , Setterfield Samantha A. , Leal Inara R. , Andersen Alan N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionEvolutionary traits acquired in response to one type of disturbance will potentially confer resilience to other disturbances that have similar environmental impacts, even if the biota has no evolutionary history of such disturbances. In grassy ecosystems the environmental impacts of grazing have important similarities to those of fire through the removal of grass biomass, and we hypothesise that high resilience to frequent fire confers high resilience to grazing.AimsWe test this hypothesis by investigating the resilience of highly fire-resilient ant communities to grazing in a mesic Australian savanna, which has not historically experienced such high levels of mammalian grazing.MethodsWe sampled ants using pitfall traps at Annaburroo Station in the Australian seasonal tropics using ten plot triplets, with each triplet representing no, low and heavy grazing. Grazing has had a major impact on the basal area of perennial grasses and the cover of bare ground. We considered large (> 4 mm) ants only, which tend to be particularly sensitive to disturbance.ResultsWe recorded 28 species of ‘large’ ants from 14 genera. Neither ant species richness nor overall composition varied significantly with grazing, and only one of the eight most common species responded to grazing.DiscussionAnt communities at Annaburoo Station are highly resilient to livestock grazing. The limited number of relevant studies suggest that ant communities in Australian savannas more generally have higher resilience than those in southern rangelands where fire frequency is relatively low. This supports our hypothesis that an evolutionary history of frequent fire confers resilience to grazing. Many more studies are required, but we suggest that resilience to grazing might be related more to evolutionary history in relation to fire, a more pervasive remover of plant biomass globally, than to grazing.Implications for insect conservationGrazing by cattle is the dominant land-use in Australian savannas and the Australian savanna ant fauna is one of the richest on Earth; our findings of high resilience is therefore good news for insect conservation. Such good news is likely to have wide applicability to other fire-prone grassy ecosystems subject to livestock grazing.
On the (Complete) Reasons Behind Decisions
Authors: Darwiche Adnan , Hirth Auguste 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent work has shown that the input-output behavior of some common machine learning classifiers can be captured in symbolic form, allowing one to reason about the behavior of these classifiers using symbolic techniques. This includes explaining decisions, measuring robustness, and proving formal properties of machine learning classifiers by reasoning about the corresponding symbolic classifiers. In this work, we present a theory for unveiling the reasons behind the decisions made by Boolean classifiers and study some of its theoretical and practical implications. At the core of our theory is the notion of a complete reason, which can be viewed as a necessary and sufficient condition for why a decision was made. We show how the complete reason can be used for computing notions such as sufficient reasons (also known as PI-explanations and abductive explanations), how it can be used for determining decision and classifier bias and how it can be used for evaluating counterfactual statements such as “a decision will stick even if ...because ... .” We present a linear-time algorithm for computing the complete reasoning behind a decision, assuming the classifier is represented by a Boolean circuit of appropriate form. We then show how the computed complete reason can be used to answer many queries about a decision in linear or polynomial time. We finally conclude with a case study that illustrates the various notions and techniques we introduced.
Ignatian Spirituality as Inspiration for a Pedagogical Theory of Accompaniment
Authors: Marek Zbigniew , Walulik Anna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe article presents Ignatian (Jesuit) spirituality as the source of a pedagogical concept that takes a subjective view of the human being regardless of their social position. Other subjects in the educational process (educator and personal God) are companions on the way to achieving good and developing one’s life potential. Another important aspect of Ignatian spirituality is the assumption that it can also perform a healing function, particularly transcendentally. This function concerns all the structures of human development and can be reflected in many ways of supporting human health. This perspective makes it possible to develop a model of Ignatian pedagogy in which the following elements are present: context, experience, reflection, action and evaluation. Recognising the educational values of these elements makes it possible to develop a pedagogical theory, called the pedagogy of accompaniment, which is reflected in a deep inner and outer sense of human existence. Thus, the purpose of this article is to describe the meaning of Ignatian spirituality for the pedagogy of accompaniment, with reference to its function of supporting the health of the human being, particularly the young.
Navigating the open innovation paradox: an integrative framework for adopting open innovation in pharmaceutical R&D in developing countries
Authors: Bhatnagar Bhawani , Dörfler Viktor , MacBryde Jillian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we combine evidence from eight Indian pharmaceutical firms with extant literature and global best practices to conceptualize an integrative framework addressing the open innovation paradox (OIP), i.e., the tension between intellectual protection and openness. Firms in developing countries face additional challenges in the adoption of open innovation, such as the prevalence of open science norms, weak technology transfer systems, and mistrust between universities and industry; therefore, they employ open innovation selectively for pharmaceutical research. Prior research has examined the strategies to resolve OIP in the context of developed countries; the integrative framework proposed in this paper describes strategies for resolving the OIP in the context of developing countries. This framework illuminates the coping processes of the case firms and provides guidelines to uplift and accelerate the adoption of open innovation strategies in developing countries’ pharmaceutical sectors, and thus provides value to both theory and praxis.
Prompt gamma rays from fast neutron inelastic scattering on aluminum, titanium and copper
Authors: Mauerhofer Eric , Ilic Zeljko , Stieghorst Christian , Révay Zsolt , Vezhlev Egor , Ophoven Niklas , Randriamalala Tsitohaina H. , Brückel Thomas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPrompt gamma rays induced by inelastic scattering of fast neutrons on aluminum, titanium and copper were measured at an angle of 90o between fast neutron beam and detector of the instrument FaNGaS, operated by Jülich Centre of Neutron Science at Heinz-Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum in Garching. The fast neutron flux was 1.40 108 cm−2 s−1 with the average energy of 2.30 MeV. Intensities and neutron spectrum averaged isotopic partial cross section for production of 214 gamma lines (22 for aluminum, 72 for titanium and 120 for copper) are presented. The results are consistent with the literature data. However, the new sets of gamma lines are recommended to replace the old datasets from fast neutrons reactors with several new lines also recognizing a few false identifications. Additionally, the detection limits of aluminum, titanium, copper, iron and indium were determined as 1.0, 0.4, 0.9, 0.5 and 1.3 mg, respectively, for a counting time of 12 h.
A comparison of distance metrics for the multi-objective pathfinding problem
Authors: Weise Jens , Mostaghim Sanaz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPathfinding, also known as route planning, is one of the most important aspects of logistics, robotics, and other applications where engineers must balance many competing interests. There is a significant challenge in pathfinding problems with multiple objectives because many paths can map to the same objective value. Such multi-modal solutions cannot easily be found in multi-objective optimisation algorithms, which are typically geared towards selection mechanisms in the objective space. A niching approach for preserving good diverse solutions in the decision space is proposed in this paper, which is tailored for pathfinding problems. The criteria used to compare the solutions within the decision space are path similarity metrics, which we extend from a previous study, and are used instead of the well-established crowding distance. In two variations, we investigate the proposed meta-heuristic approach on a range of benchmark instances and compare the methodology to a deterministic optimisation approach.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Neurocognitive impairment and patient–proxy agreement on health-related quality of life evaluations in recurrent high-grade glioma patients
Authors: Caramanna Ivan , Klein Martin , van den Bent Martin , Idbaih Ahmed , Wick Wolfgang , Taphoorn Martin J. B. , Dirven Linda , Bottomley Andrew , Reijneveld Jaap C. ,   The EORTC Quality of Life Group and EORTC Brain Tumor Group
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The rate of missing data on patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in brain tumor clinical trials is particularly high over time. One solution to this issue is the use of proxy (i.e., partner, relative, informal caregiver) ratings in lieu of patient-reported outcomes (PROs). In this study we investigated patient–proxy agreement on HRQOL outcomes in high-grade glioma (HGG) patients.

Methods
Generic and disease-specific HRQOL were assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BN20 in a sample of 501 patient–proxy dyads participating in EORTC trials 26101 and 26091. Patients were classified as impaired or intact, based on their neurocognitive performance. The level of patient–proxy agreement was measured using Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and the Bland–Altman limit of agreement. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to evaluate differences between patients’ and proxies’ HRQOL.

Results
Patient–proxy agreement in all HGG patients (N = 501) ranged from 0.082 to 0.460. Only 18.8% of all patients were neurocognitively intact. Lin’s CCC ranged from 0.088 to 0.455 in cognitively impaired patients and their proxies and from 0.027 to 0.538 in cognitively intact patients and their proxies.

Conclusion
While patient–proxy agreement on health-related quality of life outcomes is somewhat higher in cognitively intact patients, agreement in high-grade glioma patients is low in general. In light of these findings, we suggest to cautiously consider the use of proxy’s evaluation in lieu of patient-reported outcomes, regardless of patient’s neurocognitive status.
Measuring human capital in South Africa across socioeconomic subgroups using a latent-variable approach
Authors: Friderichs TJ , Correa F. M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman capital is a complex concept to measure given it is an unobserved latent construct. Education is a fundamental dimension of human capital and thus an education-based approach is the one most widely used. However, the international literature recommends a latent-variable approach to measuring human capital. This study thus aims to measure human capital in South Africa, a country experiencing extreme earnings and education inequalities, using a latent-variable approach and the National Income Dynamic Study (NIDS) dataset. The findings are that parental education is associated with the largest amount of variance in (latent) human capital, while the health indicator captures the least variance. Furthermore, the (latent) human capital variable provides a valuable measure to profile the distribution of human capital by socioeconomic subgroups.
Zebra Stripes with High Gyro-Harmonic Numbers
Authors: Benáček Jan , Karlický Marian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSolar radio zebras are used in the determination of the plasma density and magnetic field in solar flare plasmas. Analyzing observed zebra stripes and assuming their generation by the double-plasma resonance (DPR) instability, high values of the gyro-harmonic number are found. In some cases they exceed one hundred, in disagreement with the DPR growth rates computed up to now, which decrease with increasing gyro-harmonic number. We address the question of how zebras with high values of the gyro-harmonic numbers $s$
s
are generated. For this purpose, we compute the growth rates of the DPR instability in a very broad range of $s$
s
, considering a loss-cone $\kappa$
κ
-distribution of superthermal electrons and varying the loss-cone angle, electron energies, and background plasma temperature. We have numerically calculated the dispersion relations and the growth rates of the upper-hybrid waves and found that the growth rates increase with increasing gyro-harmonic numbers if the loss-cone angles are $\sim80^{\circ}$
∼

80
∘

. The highest growth rates for these loss-cone angles are obtained for velocity $v_{\kappa}= 0.15\,c$

v
κ

=
0.15

c
. The growth rates as a function of the gyro-harmonic number still show well distinct peaks, which correspond to zebra-stripe frequencies. The contrast between peak growth rates and surrounding growth rate levels increases as the $\kappa$
κ
index increases and the background temperature decreases. Zebras with high values of $s$
s
can be generated in regions where loss-cone distributions of superthermal electrons with large loss-cone angles ($\sim80^{\circ}$
∼

80
∘

) are present. Furthermore, owing to the high values of $s$
s
, the magnetic field is relatively weak and has a small spatial gradient in such regions.
Floating Islands Supported by LED Lighting: an Ecological Solution of Nutrients Removal from Municipal Wastewater?
Authors: Kilian S. , Bawiec A. , Pawęska K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds by floating islands with macrophytes and influence of LED lights imitating the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) on that effectiveness. Improving removal efficiency is crucial, thanks to ever-tightening legal requirements. Main reason for that is growing problem of eutrophication phenomenon. Nowadays, this problem is visible not only in lakes and ponds but also in water courses and coastal water. Study was conducted during time of 15 weeks. In that time, listed parameters were tested: pH, conductivity, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus, and phosphates. Each tank was filled with same amount of biologically treated wastewater; ambient temperature and dissolved oxygen concentrations were kept in same range for the time of experiment. Average concentrations of main pollutants in tanks with LED lighting have reached: conductivity, 936 μS/cm; TN, 8.55 mg/dm3; P-PO4, 0.74 mg/dm3; TP, 2.57 mg/dm3. In case of no LED lighting, concentrations of main pollutants have reached: conductivity, 949 μS/cm; TN, 12.85 mg/dm3; P-PO4, 1.28 mg/dm3; TP, 2.54 mg/dm3. Based on observations and analyses, it can be concluded that the use of LED lighting imitating PAR radiation has positive effect on removal efficiency of total nitrogen and phosphates. Data suggests optimal time for treatment with floating islands as 13 weeks, extending that time to 15 weeks leads to degradation of treated wastewater quality instead improving it.

Highlights
• Floating islands supported with LED lighting are an alternative solution for nutrients removal.
• LED light intensifies nitrogen and phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater.
• The use of macrophytes in third stage of wastewater purification may result in increased nutrient removal efficiency.
Haidt’s Durkheimian Utilitarianism—a Charitable Interpretation
Authors: Juzaszek Maciej 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the paper, I aim to reconstruct a charitable interpretation of Durkheimian utilitarianism, a normative theory of public morality proposed by well-recognised American moral psychologist – Jonathan Haidt, which might provide reasons to justify particular legal regulations and public policies. The reconstruction contains a coherent theory that includes elements of rule-utilitarianism, value pluralism, objective list theory and perfectionism, as well as references to Emile’s Durkheim views on human nature. I also compare Durkheimian utilitarianism with two similar theories – Brad Hooker’s rule consequentialism and Krzysztof Saja’s institutional function consequentialism.