bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of anaerobic biotransformation process of agro-industrial waste with Lactobacillus acidophilus on the rheological parameters: case of study of pig manure
Authors: Estrada-García Joaquín , Hernández-Aguilar Eduardo , Romero-Mota Diana Ibeth , Contreras Juan Manuel Méndez 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated rheological behavior of the pig waste biotransformation process to produce Lactic Acid (LA) and biomass with Lactobacillus acidophilus in a stirred reactor. Also, cell growth, carbohydrate consumption, and LA production at three different agitation speeds, 100, 150, and 200 rpm at 37°C, with a reaction time of 52 h. During the development of the process, the kinetic and rheological parameters were obtained using the logistic, Gompertz, and generalized Gompertz, Ostwald de Waele, and Herschel-Bulkley mathematical models, respectively. The substrate used was pig manure, to which molasses was added at 12% v/v to increase the concentration of carbohydrates. The results suggest that mass exchange is favorable at low agitation speeds. Still, the presence of molasses rich in carbohydrates as a carbon source modifies the characteristics of the fluid, dilatant (n > 1) at the beginning of the process to end up as pseudoplastic (n < 1) due to the addition of exopolysaccharides and the modification of the physical structure of the substrate. This effect was confirmed by the Herschel-Bulkley model, which presented a better fit to the data obtained, in addition to finding a direct relationship between viscosity and pH that can be used as variables for the control of bioconversion processes of pig manure into biomass rich inLactobacillus acidophilus.
Studying the Causes of Acute Asthma Attacks at Damascus Hospital, Treatment, Hospitalization, and Deaths
Authors: Alkhaled Oula Shaalan , Alshurbaji Ranem Emad , Al-bardan Hossam 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammation of the airways. Patients with an acute asthma attack who rely on emergency department services are generally considered to have severely poor disease control and prognosis. It is important to determine the characteristics of patients with an acute asthma attack, factors related to poor disease control, and measures presented and complications to apply appropriate clinical management.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted for patients admitted with an acute asthma attack story in Damascus Hospital. Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between sex and death with patient variables. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were used to compare the means of continuous variables (eg, age, duration of asthma). A value (p < 0.05) was adopted as statistical significance.
Results
Out of 140 patients, 26.4% were male, and 73% were female, with an average age of 47.4 years. Most of the patients were non-smokers (68.6%), and 12.9% were former smokers. The shortness of breath was presented in 95.7% and cough in 80.7% of the patients. Respiratory infections were 32.9% of the main triggers of an asthma attack. And each of the antibiotics 87.9%, steroids 85.7%, and Compevent 67.9% were the most prominent treatments used to manage an acute asthma attack at the hospital. Gender, age, duration of asthma and death showed a statistically significant relationship with the study variables.
Conclusions
Providing country-specific data on patterns of practice in acute asthma attack management is critical in Syria. The development of asthma leads to a deterioration in the quality of life characterized by limited activities and loss of ability to function independently. Therefore, programs aimed to prevent acute asthma attacks and raise awareness about the importance of adherence to drug treatment and avoidance of triggers must be implemented. Emphasis should be placed on achieving asthma control in older adult patients to improve their quality of life and reduce their economic burden.
Effect of Duration and Rate of Freezing and Tissue Hydration on ‘Bartlett’ Pear Buds, Flowers, and Small Fruit
Authors: Strang John G. , Lombard Porter B. , Westwood M. N. , Weiser C. J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Freezing studies on ‘Bartlett’ pear (Pyrus communis L.) bouquets of buds, flowers, and small fruit showed injury increased with decreasing temperature, increasing developmental stage, and increasing duration of frost. At the minimum temperature, 30 and 60 minutes of frost exposure in all stages increased injury, however, in the small fruit stage injury at −2°C increased for up to 2 hours exposure. The effect of freezing rate was dependent on minimum temperature and dry florets were injured slightly more than florets misted just prior to freezing.
Plant Populations and Fertility Studies on Rabbiteye Blueberries1
Authors: Austin M. E. , Mullinix B. G. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The response of rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade, cv. Tifblue) to 3 plant spacings and 3 fertilizer levels was compared for 6 years. Tifblue did not respond to fertilizer levels during the first 5 years, but beginning the 3rd year in the field, higher yields were obtained with higher plant population (2315 plants/ha). Increasing fertilizer levels increased unmarketable fruit, the amount of pruned wood and the time required to grade fruit. The best combination of spacing and fertilizer were 1.8 m in-the-row spacing and 67-30-40 kg/ha of N-P-K, respectively.
Potato Sprout Inhibition by Camptothecin, a Naturally Occurring Plant Growth Regulator1
Authors: Wang C. Y. , Buta J. G. , Moline H. E. , Hruschka H. W. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An isolate of camptothecin alkaloids was applied to the eyes or sprouts on potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) as lanolin suspensions at concentrations of 1.5, 3, 9, and 15 mM, or to the whole tubers as aqueous sprays or dips at various concentrations. Potato sprouting at 15°C was completely inhibited for 4 weeks by all the lanoline suspensions. Inhibition was greater than 95% when a solution of the alkaloids at 5 × 10−1 mM was applied to the tubers as a 3-spray or 3-dip treatment. The camptothecin treatments that inhibited sprouting also reduced weight loss of potato tubers; and even after 4 months at 15°, no symptoms of internal sprouting or other deleterious effects were evident. Electron micrographs of sprouts suggest that camptothecin inhibited sprouting by inducing structural changes in vascular tissues and interfering with cell division in the meristematic portions of the sprouts.
Some Growth Regulator Effects on Fruit Quality, Mesocarp Composition, and Susceptibility to Postharvest Surface Marking of Sweet Cherries1
Authors: Looney N. E. , Lidster P. D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Gibberellic acid (GA3) sprays applied approximately 4 weeks before harvest reduced postharvest surface marking of ‘Van’ and ‘Lambert’ sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.). Surface pitting was reduced more consistently than was visible bruising. GA3-treated fruits were larger and firmer when harvested at a prescribed color maturity. Mesocarp tissue of treated fruits was higher in alcohol insoluble solids, higher in dry weight and contained less nitrogen per unit of fresh or dry weight. Ethephon applied a few days before harvest reduced fruit removal force but did not consistently reduce the incidence of bruising or surface pitting. ‘Lambert’ fruits picked without stems developed more surface pitting than stemmed fruits. It is proposed that GA3 improves postharvest fruit condition by more than one mechanism. Increased fruit firmness may reduce the tendency to bruise but pitting appears to be suppressed by some other physiological effect of the GA3 treatment.
Effects of Plant Age and Nitrogen Fertilization on Nitrate Accumulation and Postharvest Nitrite Accumulation in Fresh Spinach1
Authors: Aworh O. C. , Hicks J. R. , Minotti P. L. , Lee C. Y. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Leaves of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) from N fertilized and unfertilized plots were harvested at different stages of maturity, and analyzed for nitrate and nitrite at harvest and after storage at 10°C for 5, 10 or 15 days. Leaf nitrate-N increased with time in plants sidedressed with 340 kg N/ha, but decreased in unfertilized spinach. Leaves harvested at market maturity accumulated 5-fold more nitrite-N when held at 10°C for 15 days than immature leaves. N fertilization increased nitrate accumulation at harvest, and nitrite accumulation after 15 days at 10°C.
Stimulation of Bud and Shoot Development of Rieger Begonia Leaf Cuttings with Cytokinins1
Authors: Davies F. T. , Moser B. C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Leaf cuttings of Rieger elatior begonias (Begonia bertini ‘compacti’ × B. socotrana cvs. Aphrodite Cherry Red and Schwabenland Red) were treated with 6-furfurylamino purine (kinetin), 6-benzylamino purine (BA), and 6-(benzylamino)-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl)-9H-purine (PBA). BA and PBA enhanced bud and shoot regeneration in ‘Aphrodite Cherry Red,’ while kinetin showed no activity. All cytokinins tested reduced shoot development in ‘Schwabenland Red.’ PBA stimulated optimal bud and shoot development when applied to ‘Aphrodite Cherry Red’ leaf cuttings as a 12 hour 15 μM basal-petiole dip, 1000 μM spray, and 0.01% talc-petiole- dip. Cuttings taken from ‘Aphrodite Cherry Red’ stock plants treated with 1000 μM PBA successfully generated new plants.
Infestation Procedures and Heritability of Characters Used to Estimate Ear Damage Caused by Second-Brood European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis, Hübner) on Corn1
Authors: Grier Stephen L. , Davis David W. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Procedures for forced field infestation of maize with European corn borer egg masses, placed to simulate possible natural ovipositional sites and to emphasize damage to the ear, were compared. A growth chamber procedure using excised ears and a free-choice (preference) infestation procedure were also used. Forced infestation in the field permitted infestation at a uniform relative maturity and uniform development of borers from time of infestation to evaluation. An ear-and-leaf infestation procedure appeared to be the most appropriate for simultaneous evaluation of kernel damage and stalk tunneling. Estimated heritabilities, using this procedure on 2 segregating populations, were 0.71 and 0.84 for kernel damage and 0.39 and 0.79 for stalk tunneling. Phenotypic correlations among 3 ear damage criteria were noted (r = 0.42 to 0.46). Evaluation based on kernel damage alone, excluding cob tunneling and number of surviving larvae, was considered sufficient. There was no evidence that kernel damage was influenced by level of stalk tunneling.
A Computer Simulation to Maximize Asparagus Yield1
Authors: Lampert Emmett P. , Johnson Donn T. , Tai Art W. , Kilpatrick Glen , Antosiak Randy A. , Crowley Philip H. , Goodman Erik D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A computer simulation of asparagus growth is developed and used to evaluate the effects of various harvest strategies on short and long term commercial yield of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.). At present asparagus is harvested until the canners stop buying, usually in the 3rd or 4th week of June in southern Michigan, purchase generally being terminated by the reduction of spear diameter (whips), increase in fiber content of the spears or opening of the bracts. The simulation shows that this stragety is economically optimal for any single year; however, if the grower terminates the harvest every year on June 1, then the average yearly yields are significantly greater than those derived from the previous strategy. Skipping strategies, in which the grower skips a harvest every nth year (2nd, 3rd, or 4th), produced significantly lower 15 year average yields than either of the other 2 strageties, but produced significantly greater yields per plant.
Correlations of Fisheye Photography to Canopy Structure, Light Climate, and Biological Responses to Light in Apple Trees1
Authors: Lakso Alan N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fisheye (hemispherical) photographs were taken in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) tree canopies of varying types and analyzed for the percentage sky visible in the photograph. Canopy structure was evaluated with photographs along vertical transects, and seasonal development of different canopy forms was followed. Good correlations of the % sky to total and diffuse light, sunfleck penetration, red/far-red ratios, flowering and fruit coloration were found. Results were used to help define the proper balance between light penetration and interception by apple tree canopies, which was estimated as about 20% sky at the bottom of a canopy for ‘McIntosh’.
Effect of Simulated Frost Injury on Fruit Development in Three Pear Cultivars1
Authors: Strang John G. , Lombard P. B. , Westwood M. N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Simulated frost injury to ovaries at intervals after full bloom significantly increased fruit malformation, reduced fruit weight, and increased fruit drop in ‘Bartlett’, ‘Bosc’, and ‘Comice’ pear (Pyrus communis L.). Time of injury did not affect fruit weight and malformation in most cases, but did significantly affect fruit drop. Significant positive correlations were found between fruit weight and seed content, while negative correlations were found between fruit malformation and seed content for all cultivars.
Susceptibility of Starch Granules from Maize Endosperm Mutants to Amylases1
Authors: Garwood D. L. , Vanderslice S. F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Starch granules were extracted from maize (Zea mays L.) endosperm of mature F2 kernels of IA5125 × IA453 normal, amylose-extender (ae), dull (du) waxy (wx), and ae du wx and from ae du wx F2 kernels harvested at the fresh market stage of development. Samples were digested for 1.5 hours with hog pancreatic α- amylase and Rhizopus II amyloglucosidase. The mature and immature ae du wx samples were usually digested significantly more than the other 4 genotypes, while ae was digested significantly less than the others. Digestion of starch granules from mature and immature ae du wx kernels did not differ. The sweet corn background used had little effect, since our observations of the single mutant genotypes were similar to those in a dent background. Clearly, ae du wx starch granules do not reflect the reduced digestibility associated with ae, and thus cultivars homozygous for ae du wx are not inferior with respect to their ability to supply carbohydrates to the diet.
Effects of Selected Photoperiods and Fertilizer Rates on Growth of Pinus strobus and Pinus thunbergii Seedlings1
Authors: Struve Daniel K. , Blazich Frank A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) and Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii Pari.) seedlings were grown under 4 photoperiods with 5 rates of 18N-2.6P-10.0K (18N-6P205-12K2O) Osmocote fertilizer applied at radicle emergence. Seedlings of both species grown under 16 and 20 hour photoperiods at fertilizer rates of 1.78 and 3.56 kg/m3 were taller and had greater dry weight than seedlings grown under 8 and 12 hour photoperiods and higher rates of fertilizer (5.34 and 7.12 kg/m3). With both species, short days inhibited height growth and dry weight accumulation and this effect could not be overcome by increasing the fertilizer rate.
Influence of Cultivar, Season, Irrigation, and Date of Planting on Thiocyanate Ion Content in Cabbages1
Authors: Bible Bernard B. , Ju Hak-Yoon , Chong Calvin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Tissue analysis of 14 cultivars of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group) in both 1974 and 1975 indicated that late maturing cultivars generally were higher in thiocyanate ion (SCN−) content than early maturing cultivars. In both years, there was a significant positive correlation between SCN− content of cultivars and days to maturity. While SCN− content of late-planted (June 18, 1975) unirrigated ‘Badger Market’ and ‘Storage Green’ cabbages were more than twice as high as corresponding late-planted cabbages irrigated 5 times per week, the SCN− content of early-planted (May 6) cabbages of both cultivars was not significantly influenced by irrigation treatment. In contrast, the marketable head fresh weight of both cultivars was lowest in late-planted, unirrigated plots. Head SCN− content was negatively correlated with marketable head fresh weight and with total top weight of both cabbage cultivars.
Influence of Reduced Night Temperatures on Growth and Flowering of ‘May Shoesmith’ Chrysanthemums1
Authors: Bonaminio Vincent P. , Larson Roy A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Plants of ‘May Shoesmith’ chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) were grown in controlled environment chambers at optimal (16°C) and sup-optimal night temperatures. Reduced night temperatures were imposed for all or part of the night cycle. Number of days to flowering was delayed as night temperature decreased from 16° or as duration of reduced temperature during each diurnal cycle was increased. Compared to plants grown at a continuous 16° night temperature, plants grown at 10° for 9 or 10½ hours each night (with the remaining hours at 16°) had greater stem diameter, were taller and had flowers with greater diameter and fresh weight. Number of nodes was not affected.
Chromosome Numbers and Comparative Breeding Behavior of Certain Impatiens from Africa, India, and New Guinea1
Authors: Arisumi Toru 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Chromosome counts were made of 10 Impatiens spp. L. from Africa, 5 from India, and 6 from the New Guinea-Indonesia area. Chromosome numbers reported for the first time were 2x = 16 for Impatiens auricoma Baill., I. epiphytica G. M. Schulze, and I. marianae Reichb. Counts that differed from previous reports were 2x = 18 for I. campanulata Wight, 2x = 36 for I. hookeriana Arn., and 2x = 32 for I. mooreana Schltr. Breeding tests with 20 species showed that 6 were self-incompatible. Crosses between species from different geographic groups were incompatible. Four out of 72 possible crosses among 9 African species and 30 out of 30 among 6 New Guinea-Indonesia species were compatible. The 20 crosses among 5 Indian species were all incompatible. Aborted embryos were observed in 57 incompatible crosses.
Recovering nutrients and rejecting trace organic compounds in human urine by a forward osmosis–membrane distillation (FO–MD) hybrid system
Authors: Gau Chihiro , Sato Satoshi , Zhang Daizhou , Ishibashi Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Jun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Urine is a major source of reclaimed water and fertilizer. Urine treatment involves two key processes: the recovery of nutrients and the rejection of trace organic compounds (TOrCs). In this study, we investigated the rejection of TOrCs and the recovery of nutrients in human urine using a seawater-driven forward osmosis and membrane distillation (FO–MD) hybrid system. Three 24 h experiments were conducted at draw solution temperatures of 30, 40, and 50 °C. The average rejection rates of cations, anions, and dissolved organic carbon were more than 93.7% and 79.5% in the FO–MD system and FO side, respectively. Ten types of TOrCs were detected in the feed solution, whereas none were detected in the product water, indicating that the TOrCs were completely rejected. The precipitates, i.e., the recovered nutrients in the FO side, were extremely close to magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite, MgNH4PO4·6H2O), according to their electron microscopic images, elemental composition, and X-ray diffraction spectra, and it was estimated that approximately 85% of the nutrients in the feed solution were recovered. The rejection and recovery efficiencies were unaffected by the draw solution temperature. These results indicate the potential for the sustainable use of FO–MD-based treatments for human urine.
Scale-up of photoreactor with TiO2 thin layer for wastewater treatment
Authors: Spáčilová Markéta , Krejcikova Simona , Maleterova Ywetta , Kastanek Frantisek , Solcova Olga 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study is devoted to the scale-up potential of TiO2/UV photocatalyst for real wastewater treatment including its durability tests. The activity of the prepared TiO2 layers was first tested in a laboratory reactor on key representative pollutants diclofenac, chloramphenicol and triclosan. A special pilot plant reactor of a two-tube system with 21 stainless steel annulets covered by TiO2 thin layers and the inner volume of 3.5 L was constructed. Pilot tests were performed with wastewater from the pharmaceutical industry containing danazol and norethisterone with the concentration varying between 4 and 7 mg L−1 at the flow 18 L h−1 and municipal wastewater at the output sewage plant for 67,000 inhabitants containing bisphenol A, 4-nonyphenol, estron, ethinylestradiol and triclosan in the concentrations of the individual contaminants varying between 50 and 600 ng L−1 at the flow 200 L h−1. After the treatment during the pilot photocatalytic test, the concentration of individual contaminants decreased by 82–100%, while no decrease in the efficiency of the photocatalytic process was recorded during the long-term tests lasting for 3–6 months.
Educações no contexto das bandas de pífanos e do Candomblé
Authors: Braga Elinaldo Menezes , Feitosa Belijane Marques , Lucini Marizete , Dias Alfrancio Ferreira 
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho objetiva discutir as práticas educativas no contexto das bandas de pífanos e do candomblé. O tema vincula-se às pesquisas que ora desenvolvemos no curso de doutorado em educação da Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Esta escrita toma como referências as narrativas do pifeiro Vanildo Franco e do babalorixá Walter Ti’Ogun, partindo do entendimento de que não é somente na escola que se apreende, pois concordamos que a educação acontece também fora dela. Trata-se de um trabalho de abordagem qualitativa, com o suporte da história oral por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A discussão realizada está referenciada em estudos decoloniais, numa perspectiva crítica que encanta e liberta. Como resultados, percebemos que nos processos educativos analisados a curiosidade, a observação, a repetição, a brincadeira e o afeto são as principais categorias que promovem encantamento nos pifeiros e nos candomblecistas.