bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomass composite anion exchange membranes based on quaternized chitosan incorporated with imidazole ionic liquid‐functionalized cellulose nanocrystals
Authors: Zhou Yi , Huang Zhiliang , Deng Bangjun , Gong Chunli , Liu Hai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAnion exchange membranes (AEMs) are the core components of fuel cells, playing a dual role in blocking anode/cathode and conducting OH− ions. In order to address the trade‐off between ion conductivity and mechanical property of AEMs, imidazole ionic liquid‐grafted cellulose nanocrystals (IL@CNC) was prepared and used as a novel one‐dimentional nanofiller to modify quaternized chitosan (QCS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend polymer matrix to obtain IL@CNC/QCS‐PVA composite membranes. The uniform dispersion of IL@CNC and the strong interaction between nanofillers and polymer matrix significantly increased the tensile strength and toughness. Moreover, with the help of 1D shape of CNC together with the grafted imidazole groups, highly‐effective ion transport channels were formed inside the membrane, and ion exchange capacity was also increased, thereby sharply improving the ionic conductivity of the composite membranes. The membrane containing 4% IL@CNC demonstrated the ionic conductivities of as high as 29.3 and 76.5 mS cm−1 at room temperature and 80°C, respectively, which were 4.0 times and 3.6 times higher than those of the pure membrane under the same condition. The as‐prepared composite membranes containing the biopolymer and functionalized natural nanocellulose are expected to be used as a novel type of biomass‐based AEMs.Highlights
Imidazole IL grafted CNC was used as a novel 1D nanofiller to modify QCS‐PVA.
The membrane had high ionic conductivity and mechanical properties.
Providing a new way to design biomass‐based AEMs with high performance.
Temporal‐Resolved Diagnosis for AC Gas‐Liquid Discharge Based on Photomultiplier Tube: A Perspective Way to Improve Metal Detection Performance
Authors: Zhou Xiong‐Feng , Bai Yang , Liu Kun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAC gas‐liquid discharge is attractive for on‐site metal detection. Intensified charge‐coupled device‐based temporal‐resolved diagnosis improves detection performance for a pulsed system but fails for AC discharge due to the temporal randomness and absent trigger signal of discharge. Herein, a trigger‐free response system based on a high‐speed photomultiplier tube is proposed to perform temporal‐resolved diagnosis for AC gas‐liquid discharge. It improves the detection limits for Cu, Mg, Na, and K by more than an order of magnitude. This work provides a perspective on diagnostic techniques that enhance trace metal detection performance based on AC gas‐liquid discharge.
Reactive Species Production and Colon Cancer Cytotoxicity of an Electrosurgical Cold Argon Plasma Device
Authors: Martinet Alice , Miebach Lea , Heisterberg Leander , Neugebauer Alexander , Enderle Markus D. , Bekeschus Sander 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn a narrow definition, plasma medicine is the application of body‐temperature cold plasma devices for medical purposes. If considering the more general application of plasma devices in medicine, independent of the operating temperature, electrosurgical argon plasma devices have been successfully applied in medicine for decades for cutting and coagulating tissue. Accordingly, such devices have successfully received regulatory approval as certified medical devices. In this work, we assessed the suitability of an electrosurgical argon plasma device with a novel set of parameters allowing operation at lower temperatures. We studied the device's ability to generate reactive species and measured their penetration into hydrogels and human HT29 colon cancer cell toxicity to motivate future studies of this device's operation mode in gastrointestinal oncology.
Financial Development's Role in Reducing the Ecological Footprint of Energy Consumption in BRICS
Authors: Yasin Iftikhar , Amin Saqib , Mehmood Waqas 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study examines the relationship between energy consumption and environmental degradation in BRICS countries from 1995 to 2022, focusing on how financial development moderates this relationship. The key objective is to explore the potential of financial development to mitigate the adverse environmental impacts of energy consumption, mainly through promoting cleaner energy alternatives and improving energy efficiency. To achieve this, the study employs Driscoll‐–Kraay fixed‐effects and bootstrap panel quantile regression methods to account for cross‐sectional dependence and capture heterogeneous effects across different quantiles of energy consumption. The findings indicate that energy consumption significantly exacerbates environmental degradation, but financial development can reduce these adverse effects, especially at lower energy consumption levels. However, at higher levels of energy use, the mitigating impact of financial development diminishes. These results contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and 13 (Climate Action), providing valuable insights for policymakers. Based on these findings, the study recommends a dual approach that emphasizes strengthening financial systems while promoting energy efficiency and adopting renewable energy to foster a more sustainable future. The findings also highlight the need for international cooperation and knowledge sharing to improve environmental outcomes across BRICS countries.
Comprehensive Review of Dihydro‐2H‐pyrrol‐2‐one Derivatives
Authors: Siddiqui Benjamin , Yadav Chandra Shekhar , Faiyyaz Mohd , Akil Mohd , Hassan Firoj , Ahmad Aneez , Ahmad Naseem , Khan Abdul Rahman , Azad Iqbal 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHeterocyclic chemistry has emerged as a significant field with diverse applications in recent scenarios. Nitrogen‐containing heterocyclic compounds have garnered significant attention due to their unique physiological characteristics and extensive medicinal utility. Therefore, the dihydro‐2H‐pyrrol‐2‐one scaffold is a key skeleton for medicinal and pharmaceutical research due to its high bioavailability and wider synthetic applications. This study found that 1,5‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrrol‐2‐one scaffolds can be used in many ways. Thus, these scaffolds have been the subject of a lot of research in recent years, but preparation of the main core is harder because of their structure. This study covers the synthetic methods used over the past 15 years to synthesize substituted dihydro‐2H‐pyrrol‐2‐one derivatives through a variety of reaction approaches by utilizing hybrid catalyzing systems, including photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, alkaline catalysts, acid catalysts, organocatalysts, ionic liquid catalysts, nanocatalysts, heterogeneous or homogeneous transitional‐metal catalysis (including Cu, Pd, Ni, Ru, Co, Fe, Si, Pt, Zn, etc.), as well as the mechanism. This review will encourage the researchers to exploit wider catalytic applications for the synthesis of target compounds.
Ecofriendly Preparation of Stable Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathodes for Lithium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Kumar Vaddi Venkata Narasimha Phani , Shanmugam Kasi , Sivaraj Arumaikani , Sarangan Thandalam Parthasarathy , Mohan Thyagarajan , Prakash Raju 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCurrently, the cells using Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) cathode have attracted more attention due to their temperature stability, durability, safety, and fast‐charging capability for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). The nano‐sized LFP cathodes have been well‐studied for various applications of LIBs, in particular, electric vehicles and energy storage systems. Herein, we used the open‐pore micron‐sized LFP material as a cathode using an eco‐friendly electrode fabrication process for LIBs. The electrodes have been fabricated using LFP, carbon black, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose/styrene butadiene rubber binder with various active materials contents (80–85 wt%; LFP80/LFP83/LFP85). These electrodes have been characterized with FTIR, Raman, Peel strength, Swelling, XPS, CV, and EIS analyses. The obtained swelling (18.42%) and peel strength (2.57 N/25 mm) values are on par with the electrodes prepared by the conventional method using a non‐aqueous PVDF binder. The existence of Fe2+ in the electrode is confirmed by high‐resolution XPS spectra. From EIS, the obtained solution resistance and charge transfer resistance values of the electrodes are comparable to the standard LFP electrode prepared using PVDF binder. LFP80 exhibited an initial discharge capacity of 130.9 mAh g−1 at 1C‐rate with a capacity retention of > 90% after 300 cycles. The electrode shows excellent rate capability, even at 4C‐rate, it delivered a capacity of 116.3 mAh g−1. In addition, the electrode displayed a stable capacity as high as 148.7 and 75.3 mAh g−1 at 1C‐rate at 65 and −10 °C, respectively. Hence, the LFP80 electrode prepared by eco‐friendly processes can very well be used for versatile LIB applications.
In Silico and Therapeutic Efficacy of Glycyrrhizin‐Based Silver Nanoparticles Against Bacteria Related to Periodontitis
Authors: Mahanty Ritu , Dubey Debasmita , Pradhan Deepak , Rai Vineet , Rajwar Tushar Kanti , Saha Ivy , Satpathy Bibhanwita , Halder Jitu , Mishra Ajit , Rout Sudhanshu Ranjan , Dash Priyanka , Kar Biswakanth , Das Chandan , Ghosh Goutam , Rath Goutam 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRising antibiotic resistance among periodontal pathogens poses a major challenge to treatment outcomes. This work investigates the possible combinatorial potential of AgNPs synthesized using glycyrrhizin, a natural biosurfactant, to combat biofilm‐forming bacteria isolated from periodontitis patients. In silico findings revealed that glycyrrhizin had a higher binding affinity score of ‐9.102 compared to doxycycline (−3.599) for the gtfB, plays an indispensable function in biofilm integrity. AgNPs were synthesized using glycyrrhizin and optimized utilizing the design of experiments, considering factors such as pH, temperature, incubation time and glycyrrhizin concentration as variables. while The resulting GL‐AgNPs were characterized by different analytical techniques such as FTIR, XRD, DLS, and SEM. The nanoparticles were non‐spherical, uniform and had an average size of 72 nm, while zeta potentials ranged from −28 mV to − 42 mV. Antimicrobial findings suggested that GL‐AgNPs exhibited significant antibacterial and anti‐biofilm activity compared to AgNPs prepared using sodium borohydride (p < 0.001). Experimental findings suggested that GL‐AgNPs inhibited biofilm formation by attenuating Gtfase activity. Further, GL‐AgNPs show effective anti‐inflammatory activity with minimal cytotoxicity. Overall, this study highlights that the inherent antimicrobial and surfactant properties of glycyrrhizin greatly improve the antimicrobial potential of AgNPs, providing a promising approach to combating biofilm‐producing oral pathogens in periodontitis.
Photocatalyzed Carbon─Carbon Bond Formation Between Ethylene Glycol and Electron‐Deficient Olefins
Authors: Schichler Johanna , Madsen Robert 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEthylene glycol is produced on a very large industrial scale and is used for the preparation of polyesters and antifreeze formulations. Although the diol is mainly manufactured from fossil‐based resources, new commercial procedures from carbohydrates are currently being introduced, which eventually will make ethylene glycol an important bio‐derived compound in organic chemistry. However, further transformations of the diol for the formation of carbon─carbon bonds have so far received relatively little attention. In the present work, the photocatalyzed coupling between ethylene glycol and electron‐deficient olefins is therefore investigated. The results show that an iridium complex can be employed to mediate the reaction with acrylates, acrylamides, acrylonitriles, and vinyl sulfones to generate a range of chain‐elongated lactones and diols. Substituents are tolerated in the α position of acrylates while a poor outcome is obtained with substituents in the β position of the electron‐deficient olefin. The results illustrate the formation of new carbon─carbon bonds from an abundant alcohol by the use of photocatalytic transformations.
NIR Light‐Triggered Structural Modulation of Self‐Assembled Prion Protein Aggregates
Authors: Jang Jinhyeong , Jo Yonghan , Park Chan Beum 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe self‐replication of misfolded prion protein (PrP) aggregates is the major pathological event of different prion diseases, affecting mammal brains by cross‐species transmission. Here, the structural modulation of PrP aggregates are reported by activated carbon materials upon near‐infrared (NIR) light irradiation. Activated carbon cobalt (ACC) nanosheets are synthesized using glycerol and metal salts to utilize the charge carriers released under NIR light exposure. According to the microscopy and spectroscopy analysis results, NIR light‐excited ACC nanosheets successfully dissociate the β‐sheet‐rich and plaque‐like PrP aggregates into denatured fragments by modifying their amino acid residues. The in vitro assay results demonstrate that ACC nanosheets possess biocompatibility to neuroblastoma cells and alleviating effect against the neurotoxicity of PrP aggregates. This work suggests the first potential photodynamic platform for the future treatment of prion diseases.
New Insights into the Ion/Electron Transfer Mechanisms of LiMn2O4‐Based Membrane Electrodes at Different Electron Fluxes
Authors: Hu Weitao , Sun Beichen , Zhang Xuefeng , Du Xiao , An Xiaowei , Gao Fengfeng , Guan Guoqing , Abudula Abuliti , Liu Zhong , Li Jun , Hao Xiaogang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractElectrochemical Li extraction technology is a highly promising approach for Li extraction from salt lakes. To enhance its practical application, it is crucial to elucidate the ion/electron transfer mechanism under diverse process conditions particularly different electron fluxes. Different migration intermediate states demonstrate the distinct ion migration mechanisms inside the LiMn2O4 lattice at different electron fluxes. Furthermore, direct observation of the distribution of Li+ in LiMn2O4‐based membrane at different layered locations using Laser‐induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) reveals that the rate‐limiting step is determined by the variety of electron flux. The desorption rate is limited by electron‐transfer resistance at low electron fluxes whereas the ion‐transfer resistance is the rate‐limiting at high electron fluxes. These novel insights into the ion/electron transfer mechanisms and rate‐limiting steps at different electron fluxes on the molecular and microscopic scales are imperative for the improvement of electroactive ion exchange materials (EIXMs) and practical applications of the electrochemical Li extraction technology.
Copper‐Based Bio‐Coordination Nanoparticle for Enhanced Pyroptosis‐Cuproptosis Cancer Immunotherapy through Redox Modulation and Glycolysis Inhibition
Authors: Cun Ju‐E , He Ziyun , Fan Xi , Pan Qingqing , Luo Kui , He Bin , Pu Yuji 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCopper‐based nanoparticles have garnered significant interest in cancer therapy due to their ability to induce oxidative stress and cuproptosis in cancer cells. However, their antitumor effectiveness is constrained by the dynamic redox balance and the metabolic shift between oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Here, a polydopamine‐coated copper‐α‐ketoglutaric acid (α‐KG) coordination polymer nanoparticle (CKPP) is designed for combined pyroptosis‐cuproptosis cancer immunotherapy by amplifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and regulating cellular metabolism. The intracellular redox imbalance is achieved through the synergistic effects of α‐KG‐induced mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming, photothermally enhanced superoxide dismutase‐like activity of polydopamine, and glutathione depletion by copper ions. The multifaceted redox modulation results in a substantial increase in intracellular ROS levels, triggering oxidative stress and subsequent pyroptosis in cancer cells. Furthermore, α‐KG shifts cellular metabolism from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation, thereby enhancing cuproptosis induced by copper ions. The combination of ROS dyshomeostasis and glycolysis inhibition results in a potent enhancement of pyroptosis‐cuproptosis‐mediated cancer therapy. In a murine model of colorectal cancer, CKPP exhibited a remarkable anticancer effect, achieving a tumor inhibition rate of 96.3% and complete tumor eradication in two out of five cases. Overall, this bio‐engineered metal–organic nanocomposite demonstrates significant potential for treating cancer through combined pyroptosis‐cuproptosis cancer immunotherapy.
In Situ Cascade Catalytic Polymerization of Dopamine Based on Pt NPs/CoSAs@NC Nanoenzyme for Constructing Highly Sensitive Photocurrent‐Polarity‐Switching PEC Biosensing Platform
Authors: Wang Huan , Yang Bo , Du Cuicui , Zheng Hejie , Zhang Xiaohua , Chen Jinhua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNanozymes open up new avenues for amplifying signals in photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing, which are yet limited by the generated small‐molecule signal reporters. Herein, a multifunctional nanoenzyme of Pt NPs/CoSAs@NC consisting of Co single atoms on N‐doped porous carbon decorated with Pt nanoparticles is successfully synthesized for cascade catalytic polymerization of dopamine for constructing a highly sensitive photocurrent‐polarity‐switching PEC biosensing platform. Taking protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) as a target model, Pt NPs/CoSAs@NC nanoenzymes are linked to magnetic microspheres via phosphorylated peptides. Upon dephosphorylation of PTP1B, Pt NPs/CoSAs@NC nanoenzymes with multiple enzyme‐like activities, including peroxidase (POD)‐like, catalase (CAT)‐like, and oxidase (OXD)‐like activities, are released and collected to induce the in situ cascade catalytic polymerization of dopamine on ZnCdS photoelectrode in the presence of H2O2. The generated polymer‐molecule of polydopamine served as efficient signal reporter for simultaneously amplifying signal and switching photocurrent polarity, which not only improved the sensitivity but also enhanced the reliability. This biosensing platform is capable of sensitively quantifying PTP1B with ultralow detection limit (0.04 fM), wide linear range (0.1 fm–0.1 µm), and good applicability in complex biological samples. This work pioneers the utilization of nanozyme‐based cascade catalytic polymerization strategy for improving sensitivity and reliability in biosensing technologies.
Facilitated Self‐Adjusting Mechanism with Mn2+ Additive in Electrolyte for Ammonium‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Zhao Zhenyun , Guo Yunna , Chen Dongliang , Wang Xu , Deng Lei , Hou Yang , Zhang Qinghua , Ye Zhizhen , Zhang Liqiang , Lu Jianguo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAmmonium‐ion hybrid supercapacitors (AIHSCs) have gained extensive attention due to their high safety and environmental friendliness. Manganese oxides are among the most promising cathode materials; however, the side electrochemical reactions occurring in aqueous electrolytes limit their reversible capacities and energy densities. This work prepares the β‐/γ‐MnO2 electrode and reveals the side electrochemical reactions occurring in the (NH4)2SO4 electrolyte. Besides the widely recognized dissolution of MnO2, the re‐deposition of MnO2 and irreversible insertion of NH4+ exist simultaneously during cycling, resulting in irreversible structural changes of MnO2. A portion of β‐/γ‐MnO2 converts to δ‐MnO2, and a layer of 7Mn(OH)2·2MnSO4·H2O forms on the electrode surface, modifying the ionic accessibility and structural stability of the electrode. The structural changes, along with the competition among the three types of side reactions, cause capacity decay and uprise during cycling. Accordingly, the self‐adjusting mechanism is proposed, and trace Mn2+ is added to the electrolyte to facilitate this mechanism, thereby improving performance. Finally, the AIHSC, featuring the MnO2 cathode and activated carbon anode in the Mn2+‐added (NH4)2SO4 electrolyte, shows 60.2 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 under 0–2 V. The maximum energy and power densities of 60.2 Wh kg−1 and 5000 W kg−1 are achieved.
Cocktail Effect of 4d/5d Band Twisted High‐Entropy Alloys on Carbon Nanotube for Hydrazine Splitting
Authors: Park Chae Eun , Theerthagiri Jayaraman , Maheskumar Velusamy , Kumar Anuj , Jeong Gyoung Hwa , Choi Myong Yong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHerein, multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) embedded with RuPdIrPtAu‐high entropy alloys (HEA) via pulsed laser irradiation in liquids are successfully fabricated. The resultant composite synergistically enhances hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR)‐boosted water electrolysis. Notably, HEA with ≈2–5 nm size, are uniformly distributed across the surface of the CNTs. An optimized HEA/CNT‐10 demonstrates exceptional performance in oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER), depicted by ultralow overpotentials of 30.7 and 330 mV at 10 mA cm−2, respectively. By replacing OER with HzOR, HEA/CNT‐10 needs a lower potential of 0.1 V to accomplish 10 mA cm−2, as compared to OER (1.56 V vs. RHE). Moreover, the hydrazine splitting electrolyzer desirable a small voltage of 0.242 V to attain 10 mA cm−2, while maintaining exceptional stability. Experimental and DFT studies validate the cocktail effects and role of multiple metal‐sites in HEA/CNT‐10, which significantly enhance the efficiency of parallel HER||HzOR processes, highlighting its potential in energy‐efficient, hydrogen production. In situ Raman probe indicated the configuration of an acidic environment, monitoring of H3O+, during HER, despite the basic conditions. This is attributed to the dominance of the Heyrovsky step, facilitated by the high catalytic activity of the HEA, coupled with protonation of the CNT surface.
Efficient Functional Compensation Layer Integrated with HTL for Improved Stability and Performance in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Du Xiangrui , Li Fuqiang , Li Ying , Xia Haicheng , Yang Eunhye , Ahn Yoomi , Liu Fengwu , Chen Yongzan , Lee Bo Ram , Park Sung Heum 
Published: January 2025

AbstractImproving the interface characteristics between the hole‐transport layer (HTL) and perovskite absorber layer is crucial for achieving maximum efficiency in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This paper presents an effective functional compensation layer (FCL) composed of benzothiophene derivatives, particularly 5‐(trifluoromethyl)‐1‐benzothiophene‐2‐carboxylic acid (TFMBTA); this layer is introduced between the MeO‐2PACz HTL and perovskite absorber layer to improve the interfacial characteristics between them. This FCL improves charge transfer, hole extraction, and perovskite deposition by improving the surface morphology of the HTL and optimizing the energy level alignment. The functional groups of TFMBTA effectively passivate perovskite defects. As a result, the introduction of the TFMBTA FCL markedly reduces non‐radiative recombination at the interface between the HTL and perovskite layer. The MeO‐2PACz‐based PSCs with the FCL demonstrated an impressive peak power conversion efficiency of 23.85%, accompanied by substantially enhanced open‐circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), and long‐term stability. Similarly, introducing the TFMBTA FCL between the PEDOT:PSS HTL and the perovskite layer enhanced both the stability and efficiency of PSCs, demonstrating the universality of FCLs across different types of HTLs.