bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Quality and Amino Acid Profile of Liver Nuggets Using Different Flours
Authors: Amertaningtyas D , Evanuarini H , Apriliyani MW 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Liver is a by-product that can be used as raw material for nuggets because it has the nutrients needed for growth especially for children. Processing liver into nuggets is a diversification effort. Different flours used will produce different final products. The purpose of this research was to determine the chemical quality and amino acid profile of liver nuggets with different flours as filler agents. The research materials were fresh chicken and beef liver, cornstarch and sago flour in the same formula. There were 4 research treatments consisting of AM (cornstarch chicken liver), AS (sago flour chicken liver), SA (cornstarch beef liver) and SS (sago flour Beef liver). The variables consisted of levels of fat, cholesterol, iron, protein and amino acids profile. The research method used was an experiment design with a nested experiment design with 5 replications. The results showed that the treatments gave highly significant differences (P<0.01) on fat, cholesterol, iron, protein content and some of the essential amino acids. The best quality nugget was liver nuggets made from beef liver using cornstarch which was contain 21.77% fat, 31.42% protein, 8.31mg/100g zinc but it has 188.64 mg/100g cholesterol.
Research on the applicability of color vision-based roughness inspection method
Authors: Yi Huaian , Fang Runji , Wang Shuai , Niu Yilun , Jiao Yanming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study was designed to address the issue that the machine vision-based measurement method of surface roughness based on color information cannot be universally applicable to different machining processes and materials. To this end, the performance of the average color difference (CD) and five typical spectrum indices in the characterization of the surface roughness of two representative texture processes, namely milling and grinding, were explored in the present study. The research results proved that the CD had a stronger correlation with surface roughness and a better robustness to the incident angle than spectrum indices, and the cause for the correlation of index with milling sample being weaker than that with grinding sample was studied from the mechanism. Besides, the correlation between the CD and the surface roughness of different materials was investigated. The results showed that the correlation between roughness and the CD of different materials was stable under different incident angles and ambient light noise. However, the differences in the mathematical relationship models between the indices and the roughness of different materials proved that the materials had a mathematical nature effect on color information detection roughness. In conclusion, this experiment validates the effectiveness of machine vision-based roughness inspection method based on color information and common light sources.
Optimisation of cutting parameters in face milling of cryogenic treated 6061 aluminium alloy and effects on surface roughness, wear, and cutting temperatures
Authors: Bektaş Berat Serhat , Samtaş Gürcan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn addition to its usage in the defence industry, 6061 aluminium is prevalent in heavy industries like the aviation, shipbuilding and space industries. In this study, cryogenic processing was applied on the 6061-T651 aluminium alloy and the cutting inserts used, face milling procedures were carried out, and the effects of cutting parameters were examined. For the face milling procedure, cutting inserts with three different coatings (coated with TiN-TiCN-Al2O3by CVD technique, coated with TiAlN-Nano by PVD technique, and coated with AlTiN by PVD technique), three different cutting speeds (250, 350 and 450 m min−1) and three different feed rates (0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 mm tooth−1) were used. The Taguchi method was used for experimental design and optimisation, and by selecting the Taguchi L9 (33) orthogonal array, nine experiments were carried out. Surface roughness and flank wear were measured after each experiment while cutting zone temperatures were measured during the experiments. The values obtained from the experiments were optimised and assessed with analysis of variance (ANOVA), three-dimensional plots, and the regression method. After the experiments, the lowest surface roughness, flank wear, and cutting temperatures were successfully optimised with the Taguchi method. The R2 values of the mathematical models for these three parameters were obtained as 100%.
Beam-driven dynamics of aluminium dopants in graphene
Authors: Zagler Georg , Stecher Maximilian , Trentino Alberto , Kraft Fabian , Su Cong , Postl Andreas , Längle Manuel , Pesenhofer Christian , Mangler Clemens , Harriet Åhlgren E , Markevich Alexander , Zettl Alex , Kotakoski Jani , Susi Toma , Mustonen Kimmo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Substituting heteroatoms into graphene can tune its properties for applications ranging from catalysis to spintronics. The further recent discovery that covalent impurities in graphene can be manipulated at atomic precision using a focused electron beam may open avenues towards sub-nanometer device architectures. However, the preparation of clean samples with a high density of dopants is still very challenging. Here, we report vacancy-mediated substitution of aluminium into laser-cleaned graphene, and without removal from our ultra-high vacuum apparatus, study their dynamics under 60 keV electron irradiation using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopy. Three- and four-coordinated Al sites are identified, showing excellent agreement with ab initio predictions including binding energies and electron energy loss spectrum simulations. We show that the direct exchange of carbon and aluminium atoms predicted earlier occurs under electron irradiation, although unexpectedly it is less probable than the same process for silicon. We also observe a previously unknown nitrogen–aluminium exchange that occurs at Al–N double-dopant sites at graphene divacancies created by our plasma treatment.
Solidification structure and high temperature oxidation resistance of nano titanium dioxide TiO2 added Inconel 718 deposits by arc melt
Authors: Chen Cuixin , Li Xinhang , Liu Baoxi , Zuo Yuqiang , Liu Kailun , Guo Weibing , Xue Haitao , Yin Fuxing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In order to refine the microstructure of Inconel 718 and achieve high performance, nanometer TiO2 particles (nano-TiO2) were adopted to modify the solidification structure. After pretreating nano-TiO2, oxide added 718 nickel alloy were prepared by using arc melting technology, and the microstructure and oxidation behavior were investigated in detail. The results show that the microstructures of Inconel 718 alloys with different content of nano-TiO2 are all dendritic-like, and the size of dendrite gradually decreases and the shape tends to become equiaxed grain with the increase of TiO2 content. The grain refinement effect is best for 0.6%TiO2 added alloy. The precipitated phases become finer and more uniform due to grain refinement. The high temperature oxidation experiments of Inconel 718 alloy with different volume fractions of TiO2 show that the main oxides are Cr2O3, accompanying with some Nb-Fe oxides. With the decrease of grain size, the size of oxides gradually decreases, and the oxidation layers are more and more compact, which effectively improves the oxidation resistance.
Photostability of benzodithiophene based polymer: effect of PC60BM and intermolecular interactions
Authors: Bekri Nika , Asmare Eninges , Mammo Wendimagegn , Tegegne Newayemedhin A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Organic solar cells working under continuous light irradiation are prone to photo-induced degradation. Photostabilities of benzodithiophene-alt-2-decyltetradecyl substituted isoindigo (PBDTI-DT) copolymer in solution, and as pristine film, and a PBDTI-DT:PC60BM bulk hetero-junction (BHJ) film were investigated for more than 70 h under simulated AM 1.5 solar irradiation. The photodegradation kinetics studied in standalone polymer chains were found to be fast due to the absence of intermolecular interaction while the inter-chain interaction in the polymer films kept the backbone intact against light-induced degradation. Further addition of PC60BM in the polymer made the BHJ film more stable as PC60BM serves as photoprotective layer and radical scavenger. This conclusion was supported by the similar XRD traces of PBDTI-DT:PC60BM film during degradation while the traces of the pristine film indicated bleaching and shifted with increasing photon stress. In addition, the absorption of PBDTI-DT:PC60BM and pristine PBDTI-DT films were reduced to 80 and 56%, respectively, after 70 h of photo-degradation.
Reward versus punishment: averting the tragedy of the commons in eco-evolutionary dynamics
Authors: Mondal Samrat Sohel , Pathak Mayank , Chakraborty Sagar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We consider an unstructured population of individuals who are randomly matched in an underlying population game in which the payoffs depend on the evolving state of the common resource exploited by the population. There are many known mechanisms for averting the overexploitation (tragedy) of the (common) resource. Probably one of the most common mechanism is reinforcing cooperation through rewards and punishments. Additionally, the depleting resource can also provide feedback that reinforces cooperation. Thus, it is an interesting question that how reward and punishment comparatively fare in averting the tragedy of the common (TOC) in the game-resource feedback evolutionary dynamics. Our main finding is that, while averting the TOC completely, rewarding cooperators cannot get rid of all the defectors, unlike what happens when defectors are punished; and as a consequence, in the completely replete resource state, the outcome of the population game can be socially optimal in the presence of the punishment but not so in the presence of the reward.
REET: robustness evaluation and enhancement toolbox for computational pathology
Authors: Foote Alex , Asif Amina , Rajpoot Nasir , Minhas Fayyaz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMotivationDigitization of pathology laboratories through digital slide scanners and advances in deep learning approaches for objective histological assessment have resulted in rapid progress in the field of computational pathology (CPath) with wide-ranging applications in medical and pharmaceutical research as well as clinical workflows. However, the estimation of robustness of CPath models to variations in input images is an open problem with a significant impact on the downstream practical applicability, deployment and acceptability of these approaches. Furthermore, development of domain-specific strategies for enhancement of robustness of such models is of prime importance as well.ResultsIn this work, we propose the first domain-specific Robustness Evaluation and Enhancement Toolbox (REET) for computational pathology applications. It provides a suite of algorithmic strategies for enabling robustness assessment of predictive models with respect to specialized image transformations such as staining, compression, focusing, blurring, changes in spatial resolution, brightness variations, geometric changes as well as pixel-level adversarial perturbations. Furthermore, REET also enables efficient and robust training of deep learning pipelines in computational pathology. Python implementation of REET is available at https://github.com/alexjfoote/reetoolbox.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Neural alterations in opioid-exposed infants revealed by edge-centric brain functional networks
Authors: Jiang Weixiong , Merhar Stephanie L , Zeng Zhuohao , Zhu Ziliang , Yin Weiyan , Zhou Zhen , Wang Li , He Lili , Vannest Jennifer , Lin Weili 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPrenatal opioid exposure has been linked to adverse effects spanning multiple neurodevelopmental domains, including cognition, motor development, attention, and vision. However, the neural basis of these abnormalities is largely unknown. A total of 49 infants, including 21 opioid-exposed and 28 controls, were enrolled and underwent MRI (43 ± 6 days old) after birth, including resting state functional MRI. Edge-centric functional networks based on dynamic functional connections were constructed, and machine-learning methods were employed to identify neural features distinguishing opioid-exposed infants from unexposed controls. An accuracy of 73.6% (sensitivity 76.25% and specificity 69.33%) was achieved using 10 times 10-fold cross-validation, which substantially outperformed those obtained using conventional static functional connections (accuracy 56.9%). More importantly, we identified that prenatal opioid exposure preferentially affects inter- rather than intra-network dynamic functional connections, particularly with the visual, subcortical, and default mode networks. Consistent results at the brain regional and connection levels were also observed, where the brain regions and connections associated with visual and higher order cognitive functions played pivotal roles in distinguishing opioid-exposed infants from controls. Our findings support the clinical phenotype of infants exposed to opioids in utero and may potentially explain the higher rates of visual and emotional problems observed in this population. Finally, our findings suggested that edge-centric networks could better capture the neural differences between opioid-exposed infants and controls by abstracting the intrinsic co-fluctuation along edges, which may provide a promising tool for future studies focusing on investigating the effects of prenatal opioid exposure on neurodevelopment.
Cartoons as bridge builders: dialoguing on radicalization with the “suspect community”
Authors: Figoureux Marie , Van Gorp Baldwin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Terrorist attacks and the departure of “foreign fighters” to conflict areas have created a hasty security approach towards radicalization in many countries; similarly in Belgium, the country under scrutiny in this contribution. Implemented policies impact society by imposing a dominant security frame. This study centers around conversations with members of the “suspect community,” young people with a migration background in Molenbeek, Verviers, and Antwerp. Cartoon elicitation was used in in-depth interviews and focus groups to understand their experiences with the dominant framing of radicalization and us-versus-them dynamics of the constructed out-group. Framed by media, policy makers and academia as “suspects”, members of this silenced overrepresented minority are dual distancing themselves from the stigmatizing radicalization-label and perceived radicalized individuals. The young people contest the radicalization stigma, labeled as harmful for themselves and their peers, while they accept the radicalization paradigm in reference to people outside of their inner circle.
Polyvictimization and Depressive Symptomatology in Adolescents: Evaluation of the Role of School Social Climate
Authors: Morlat Pantxika , Lei Chi Weng , Tse Sing Ying , Guerra Cristóbal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the current study is to examine the relationship between polyvictimization, school social climate, and depression in adolescents. Authors also looked at whether school social climate acts as a moderator of the interaction between polyvictimization and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, to have a deeper analysis, they included—as control variables—factors that have been shown in previous research to have an impact on depression, including age, gender discrimination, family support, and mood control. In total, 411 Chilean adolescents participated in the study from public (72.2 percent), semiprivate (17.4 percent), and private schools (10.4 percent). Four paper-based instruments were used to measure school social climate, depression, family support, and polyvictimization, and additional information was solicited with a sociodemographic data questionnaire. Regression analysis showed that both polyvictimization (β = .10, p = .03) and school social climate (β = –.10, p = .03) were predictors of depressive symptomatology. However, the interaction between polyvictimization and school social climate was not significant (β = .07, p = .73).
“I Never Told My Story”: An Analysis of Stalking in Women’s Memoirs
Authors: Seethaler Ina C 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOne in six women and one in 19 men in the USA experience stalking. The vast majority of stalkers are men. Popular culture and media coverage tend to offer a distorted image of stalking or ignore it completely. Women who have survived a stalker are often victim-blamed and made to feel shame. In this context of doubting women, this article analyzes three women’s memoirs—Kate Brennan’s In His Sights (2008), Jane Jeong Trenka’s The Language of Blood (2003), and Belle Yang’s Forget Sorrow (2010)—that create awareness about stalking. My discussion suggests that women skillfully use memoir’s flexibility to portray the intersections of various forms of oppression that nourish stalking; their testimonies craft community among survivors, provide advice about how to negotiate a legal system that ignores women’s experiences, and promote empathy.
Impact of age on outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Delijani David , Li Leo , Rutkin Bruce , Wilson Sean , Kennedy Kevin F , Hartman Alan R , Yu Pey-Jen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsUsage of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for treatment of severe aortic stenosis is increasing across age groups. However, literature on age-specific TAVI outcomes is lacking. The purpose of this study is to assess the risks of procedural complications, mortality, and readmission in patients undergoing TAVI across different age groups.Methods and resultsThe Nationwide Readmissions Database was used to identify 84 017 patients undergoing TAVI from 2016 to 2018. Patients were stratified into four age groups: younger than 70, 70–79, 80–89, and older than 90. Complications, mortality, and readmission rates were compared between groups in a proportional hazards regression model. Risk of post-procedural stroke, acute kidney injury, and pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation increased with incremental age grouping. Compared with patients younger than 70, patients aged 70–79 had no significant difference in mortality, whereas patients aged 80–89 and older than 90 had an increased mortality risk [odds ratio (OR) 1.39, confidence interval (CI) 1.14–1.70, P = 0.001 and OR 1.68, CI 1.33–2.12, P &lt; 0.001, respectively]. Patients aged 80–89 and older than 90 had increased overall readmission compared with patients younger than 70 (HR 1.09, CI 1.03–1.14, P = 0.001 and HR 1.33, CI 1.25–1.41, P &lt; 0.001, respectively). Cardiac readmissions followed the same trend.ConclusionPatients aged 80–89 and older than 90 undergoing TAVI have increased risk of readmission, complications, and mortality compared with patients younger than 70.
Artificial intelligence-based early detection of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery
Authors: Kalisnik Jurij Matija , Bauer André , Vogt Ferdinand Aurel , Stickl Franziska Josephine , Zibert Janez , Fittkau Matthias , Bertsch Thomas , Kounev Samuel , Fischlein Theodor 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study aims to improve the early detection of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury using artificial intelligence-based algorithms.

METHODS
Data from consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery between 2008 and 2018 in our institution served as the source for artificial intelligence-based modelling. Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury was defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Different machine learning algorithms were trained and validated to detect cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury within 12 h after surgery. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, preoperative cardiac status and intra- and postoperative variables including creatinine and haemoglobin values were retrieved for analysis.

RESULTS
From 7507 patients analysed, 1699 patients (22.6%) developed cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. The ultimate detection model, ‘Detect-A(K)I’, recognizes cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury within 12 h with an area under the curve of 88.0%, sensitivity of 78.0%, specificity of 78.9% and accuracy of 82.1%. The optimal parameter set includes serial changes of creatinine and haemoglobin, operative emergency, bleeding-associated variables, cardiac ischaemic time and cardiac function-associated variables, age, diuretics and active infection, chronic obstructive lung and peripheral vascular disease.

CONCLUSIONS
The ‘Detect-A(K)I’ model successfully detects cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury within 12 h after surgery with the best discriminatory characteristics reported so far.
Financial Conflicts of Interest in Propensity Score-Matched Studies Evaluating Biologics and Biosimilars for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Elsolh Karam , Tham Daniel , Scaffidi Michael A , Gimpaya Nikko , Bansal Rishi , Torabi Nazi , Li Juana , Verma Yash , Khan Rishad , Grover Samir C 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Propensity score matching (PSM), a statistical technique that estimates a treatment effect by accounting for predictor covariates, has been used to evaluate biologics for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Financial conflicts of interest are prevalent in the marketing of biologic medications. It is unclear whether this burden of conflicts is present among authors of PSM studies comparing IBD biologics and biosimilars.

Objective
This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of financial conflicts of interest among authors of PSM studies evaluating IBD biologics and biosimilars.

Methods
We conducted a systematic search for PSM studies comparing biologics and biosimilars in IBD treatment. We identified 21 eligible studies. Two independent authors extracted self-declared conflicts from the disclosures section. Each participating author was searched on the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Open Payments to identify payment amounts and undisclosed conflicts. Primary outcome was the prevalence of author conflicts. Secondary analyses assessed for an association between conflict prevalence and reporting of positive outcomes.

Results
Among 283 authors, conflicts were present among 41.0% (116 of 283). Twenty-three per cent (27 of 116) of author conflicts involved undisclosed payments. Studies with positive outcomes were significantly more likely to include conflicted authors than neutral studies (relative risk = 2.34, 95% confidence interval: 1.71 to 3.21, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Overall, we found a high burden of undisclosed conflicts among authors of PSM studies comparing IBD biologics and biosimilars. Given the importance of PSM studies as a means for biologic comparison and the potential for undue industry influence from these payments, authors should ensure greater transparency with reporting of industry relationships.