bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical treatment of epidural arachnoid cyst type II of the thoracic and lumbar spine: case report
Authors: Kovalenko R. A. , Ryumina Yu. I. , Cherebillo V. Yu. , Kashin V. A. 
Published: October 2022

Background. Spinal epidural arachnoid cysts are the protrusion of the arachnoid membrane through an existing defect in the dural, functioning as a valve. Literature data on diagnosis and surgical treatment are presented by descriptions of clinical cases and there is no consensus on the optimal approach to solving this problem.Aim. To present a clinical case of surgical treatment of epidural arachnoid cyst type II of the thoracic and lumbar spine; to analyze methods of diagnosis and surgical treatment of such cysts.Materials and methods. All cases of diagnosis and treatment of spinal epidural arachnoid cysts in adults published in the PubMed search engine by 2021 have been analyzed. A clinical case of successful surgical treatment of an epidural arachnoid cyst of the thoracic and lumbar spine of type II on the basis of the Almazov National Medical Research Centre (Saint Petersburg, Russia) is presented.Results. Analysis of the published results of treatment of patients with epidural arachnoid cysts showed that the main task facing the surgeon is to identify and close the communication between the cyst and the subdural space. To accurately determine the localization of the dura mater defect and minimize operative access, many authors consider computed tomography myelography to be effective.Conclusion. Despite the variety of existing diagnostic methods, a specific and accurate way to visualize the defect has not been found to date. Based on the analysis of the literature, it can be said that the rarity of publications on this topic makes even individual reports relevant, and today there is no way to propose a specific strategy for the diagnosis and surgical treatment of such cysts.
Surgical treatment of tumors of the supplementary motor area
Authors: Alekseev I. M. , Zuev A. A. 
Published: October 2022

Background. The supplementary motor area is a part of the medial frontal cortex, that is located just anterior to the primary motor cortex entirely within the interhemispheric fissure. This area belongs traditionally to the secondary motor cortex and perhaps it is the least studied motor region of the brain. While functions and symptoms of a damage to the primary motor and the premotor cortex areas have been well known and described for a long time, study of the supplementary motor area has been limited to fundamental neuroimaging and electrophysiological researches, and a practical side of the issue and clinical significance of this region remained outside the interest of researchers.Aim. To present the anatomical and functional features of the supplementary motor area, the clinical symptoms of its lesion, to analyze all the data available today and aspects of surgical treatment of tumors in this region.Materials and methods. A search in scientific databases (PubMed, etc.) led to the selection and analysis of sixty-two literary sources. The review is mainly devoted to the aspects and risk factors of surgical treatment of pathologies localized in this region.Results. According to its anatomical and functional characteristics, the supplementary motor area is a heterogeneous region - it has two separate subregions in it. In addition to the motor function of the supplementary motor area, its role has also been reliably established in the implementation of working memory processes, language, perceptual, cognitive and other functions. Such a number of functions performed by the supplementary motor area is associated with numerous neural connections of this area. For example, the frontal aslant tract has been described recently, and it connects medial part of the superior frontal gyrus with the pars opercularis of the inferior frontal gyrus. This tract, apparently, is associated with the implementation of language function in the dominant hemisphere and function of working memory in the non-dominant hemisphere.When the supplementary motor area is affected, various neurological motor and speech symptoms can occur, in particular, the supplementary motor area syndrome, which is characterized by the development of akinetic mutism in patients and, in most cases, is completely reversible within a few days or months. Among all pathologies in this area, tumors are most common, especially gliomas, which can also manifest themselves with various clinical symptoms both in the preoperative and postoperative periods.Conclusion. Critically important preoperative planning, informing the patient about the spatio-temporal picture of the predicted postoperative clinical disorders and the timing of rehabilitation are critically important. It is recommended to use methods of intraoperative neuronavigation, as well as intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. It is necessary to further study the supplementary motor area and the peculiarities of its surgery in order to standardize approaches to the treatment of pathologies.
Retinal vein occlusion in patients with diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Ranjan Mridula , Jaiswal Ram Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Retinal vein occlusion is an important cause of vision loss. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia increase the risk for endothelial damage or abnormal blood flow and thus associated with retinal vein occlusion. To access the prevalence of retinal vein occlusion in diabetic patients and its association with systemic illness in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Gorakhpur.A descriptive, observational study was done on diabetic patients attending the eye OPD. Consent was taken and patient underwent direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy, optical coherence tomography and fundus fluorescein angiography. Medical history regarding duration of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cerebro-vascular accidents were obtained.The study included 846 patients with type II diabetes mellitus. In this study 6.6% (n=56) patients detected with RVO in which 34(61%) were male and 22 (39%) were female. The mean age was 58 years.78.5% (n=44) of them had BRVO and 21% (n=12) had CRVO. The frequency of unilateral BRVO (n=34, 81%) was more common than bilateral BRVO (n=10, 71%). The frequency of unilateral CRVO was 19% (n=8) and bilateral CRVO was 28.5% (n=4). The duration of diabetes and uncontrolled diabetes affects the occurrence of RVO.Macula involving BRVO was found in 59% (n=26) of patients, suggesting that diabetic patients with RVO has greater risk of severe vision loss due to macular involvement in BRVO.Diabetic patients with history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, CVA were significantly associated with RVO (p&#60; 0.0001).Patients with type II diabetes mellitus carries risk for development of RVO.
Effectiveness of intrastromal voriconazole injection in the management of deep non healing fungal corneal ulcer
Authors: Gupta Avinash , Yadav Ramyash Singh , Rai Chiranji , Ansari Anzar Ahmed 
Published: October 2022

One of the most difficult conditions to cure is often corneal fungus infections. Due to low stromal penetration, current topical antifungal medications are not very successful in the treatment of fungal keratitis, which makes it challenging to treat cases of deep fungal corneal ulcers. To assess the efficiency of voriconazole intra stromal injection in the treatment of deep fungal corneal ulcers that donot heal. In this prospective interventional study of thirty patients, deep non-healing fungal corneal ulcers were successfully treated by combining intrastromal voriconazole with topical therapy. Voriconazole 50 gm/0.1 ml was injected intrastromally into the corneas of 30 patients with deep stromal non-healing fungal corneal ulcers who had not responded to topical antifungal medication. Patients were monitored for six to ten weeks following the operation. The size of the corneal infiltration was noted to decrease more quickly, and in the majority of cases, ulcers completely disappeared between 6 to 10 weeks. As an additional therapy, intrastromal voriconazole injection may be a safe and efficient strategy to treat cases of deeply seated fungal corneal ulcers that refuse to heal.
Evaluación de residuos orgánicos generados en plazas de mercado para la producción de enzimas bacterianas
Authors: Sánchez-Castelblanco Etna Milena , Heredia-Martín Juan Pablo 
Published: October 2022

Las plazas de mercado ubicadas en centros urbanos generan residuos agrícolas que pueden aprovecharse como sustratos de bajo costo para la producción de enzimas microbianas. El objetivo de este estudio fue la evaluación fisicoquímica y microbiológica de residuos orgánicos generados en plazas de mercado para la producción de enzimas bacterianas. Los residuos se recolectaron en una plaza de mercado de Bogotá, se clasificaron en seis tipos diferentes etiquetados como R1 a R6, y se cuantificó su contenido de humedad, nitrógeno, proteínas, carbono orgánico total, azúcares reductores, grasas y aceites, almidón, pectina, hemicelulosa, lignina y celulosa. En el análisis microbiológico se determinó la presencia de bacterias proteolíticas, lipolíticas, amilolíticas, celulolíticas y ligninolíticas. Se aislaron 133 morfotipos, de los cuales 55 presentaron actividad enzimática: se seleccionaron 17 cepas ligninolíticas, 14 proteolíticas, 11 celulolíticas, nueve lipolíticas y cuatro amilolíticas. Los residuos de tubérculos presentaron el mayor contenido de almidón (41,9 ± 1,18 %). Los ameros, vainas de leguminosas y residuos de verduras presentaron un porcentaje de celulosa entre 33,78 ± 0,91 % y 35,29 ± 0,77 %. Los residuos de plantas ornamentales y aromáticas mostraron mayor contenido de lignina (18,91 ± 0,50 % y 26,43 ± 0,47 %) y el de pectina fue más alto en los residuos de frutas (12,95 ± 0,30 %). Los residuos agrícolas generados en plazas de mercado son una fuente de microorganismos productores de enzimas y pueden valorizarse como sustratos para la obtención de amilasas, celulasas y ligninasas debido a su contenido de almidón, celulosa y lignina.
ANALISA ALIRAN MASSA UAP PADA KATUP KONTROL UREA (UREA GLOBE CONTROL VALVE) DI UNIT PRODUKSI UREA PABRIK 1B PT. PETROKIMIA GRESIK
Authors: Saputro Erwan Adi , Ichda Auliya , Gemilar Gelar Panji , Sanjoyo Bandung Arry 
Published: October 2022

In a process, industrial plants have several tools that require steam to help run the processing of a material. For the heating process, PT. Petrokimia Gresik requires steam. Sometimes the steam leak during the process, which reduces the productivity of this industry. For that reason, the purpose of this calculation is to find out the steam loss during the process, especially in the urea globe control valve (PV-723, PV-726, PV-735). The result shows that the upstream pressure and temperature at PV-723 are 21 kg /cm2G and 307 oC, upstream pressure and temperature in PV-726 are 5 kg / cm2G and 158 oC, upstream pressure and temperature on PV-735 of 2.5 kg / cm2G and 138 oC. For downstream pressure on all valves is 1.03323 kg/cm2G. The obtained mass flow (F) in each valve is 0.514 tons / hr, 0.86 tons / hr and 1,902 tons / hr. The value of the input mass balance of steam in the system is 82.70 tons/hour and the overall output is74.11 tons/hour. Therefore, the total steam loss in PV-723, PV-726, and PV-735 is around 8.59 tons/hour which means there is some leak during the process that needs to do further investigation.
PARAMETER ESTIMATION OF COVID-19 COMPARTMENT MODEL IN INDONESIA USING PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Musafir Raqqasyi Rahmatullah , Anam Syaiful 
Published: October 2022

Background: The government established a vaccination program to deal with highly reactive COVID-19 cases in Indonesia. In obtaining accurate predictions of the dynamics of the compartment model of COVID-19 spread, a good parameter estimation technique was required.. Purpose: This research aims to apply Particle Swarm Optimization as a parameter estimation method to obtain parameters value from the Susceptible-Vaccinated-Infected-Recovered compartment model of COVID-19 cases. Methods: This research was conducted in April-May 2020 in Indonesia with exploratory design research. The researchers used the data on COVID-19 cases in Indonesia, which was accessed at covid19.go.id. The data set contained the number of reactive cases, vaccinated cases, and recovered cases. The data set was used to estimate the parameters of the COVID-19 compartment model. The results were shown by numerical simulations that apply to the Matlab program. Results: Research shows that the parameters estimated using Particle Swarm Optimization have a fairly good value because the mean square error is relatively small compared to the data size used. Reactive cases of COVID-19 have decreased until August 21, 2021. Next, reactive cases of COVID-19 will increase until the end of 2021. It is because the virus infection rate of the vaccinated population is positive . If occurs before the stationary point, then the reactive cases of COVID-19 will decrease mathematically. Conclusion: Particle Swarm Optimization methods can estimate parameters well based on mean square error and the graphs that can describe the behavior of COVID-19 cases in the future.
Changes of Physical Activity and Ultra-Processed Food Consumption in College students during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study
Authors: Wisnuwardani Ratih Wirapuspita , Noviasty Reny , Saputri Amanda , Kurniawati Eva Rully 
Published: October 2022

The government has developed initiatives to restrictive activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, which have led to changes in lifestyle habits, especially those involving physical activity and food consumption. Changes of physical activity and ultra-processed foods consumption have occurred in several countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The changing of lifestyle might affect obesity that 32.5% of the population (>18 years) in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia are obese. Good eating behaviours in the early stages of life and adolescence can influence the current health status and the predisposition to non-communicable diseases in adulthood. Therefore, this cross-sectional study with 378 college students aimed to determine changes of physical activity and ultra-processed foods consumption in college students during restrictive activity in the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected using an online questionnaire for two months. Further, data was analyzed using Wilcoxon and chi-square test with 95% confidence level (α= 0.05). This study showed that the prevalence of normal nutritional status was 60.1%, inactive physical activity status was 89.4%, and the consumption level of ultra-low processed foods was 82.5%. Statistical tests obtained p-value differences in physical activity (p=<0.001) and differences in ultra-processed food consumption (p=0.034) before and after the restrictive activity in the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, mother's educational level (p=0.004) and the number of occupants in the house (p=0.001) significantly affected the consumption of ultra-processed foods.
Advantages of Dinar and Dirham and Profit Sharing System In Monetary Policy
Authors: Ahmad Zakiyyah Ilma , Mustofa Mustofa 
Published: October 2022

The research gap as well as the novelty of this research in comparison to previous research is that it discusses the advantages of the profit-sharing system as a better monetary policy that may overcome the monetary crisis caused by the interest rates. This study analyzed the advantages of the dinar and dirham as well as the profit-sharing on monetary policy. This study proved that the dinar and dirham and the profit-sharing are solutions to the economic crisis.Under the qualitative approach, library research was carried out by collecting information related to the monetary crisis in 1998 and 2008 caused by currencies and interest rates. The advantages of the dinar and dirham, as well as profit-sharing, were analyzed. This study revealed that the monetary crisis greatly impacted the economy from 1997 to 1998 and in 2008, one of which was caused by the instability of exchange rates and interest rates. This study suggests that monetary policy should be reconsidered, as it was during the Prophet's time, by using dinar and dirham as fixed and stable mediums of exchange, as well as a profit-sharing system that avoids interest-rate speculation and takes advantage of dinar and dirham and the profit-sharing system.
Post-operative Delayed Elevation of ALT and TB &gt; 57.1 umol/L of Postoperative Day 5 Predict Posthepatectomy Liver Failure of Patients with HBV-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Authors: Yu Liang-He , Yang Yuan , Zhu Bin , Shen Ning-Jia , Shi Yan , Zhao Jie , Yu Wen-Long , Fu Xiao-Hui , Zhou Wei-Ping , Zhang Yong-Jie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) remains a life-threatening complication after partial hepatectomy (PH). Nowadays several PHLF criteria have been published, but criteria concerning postoperative delayed elevation of ALT (PDE-ALT) PHLF and fatal PHLF are scant. The aim of study was to evaluate PDE-ALT combined with postoperative serum TBil to predict PHLF patients with HBV-related Hepatocellular Carcinomas in postoperative day (POD) 30.
Patients and methods:
A cohort study of patients with HBV-related HCC and who developed PHLF in National database of liver cancer samples of Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital was classified into two groups (A: Death, B: Survival). Liver function tests were dynamical compared between the two groups using with pearson’s chi-squared test at postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, 5, and 7, ROC-AUC was used to definite the cut-off value of TBil.
Results
Of the 2620 patients, 156 (6. 0%) developed PHLF in POD 30. The overall incidence of fatal PHL was 0.57% (15/ 2620) in POD 30. The dynamic changes of ALT in and between the two groups in the postoperative 1 week of POD 30 was found statistically significance (P = 0.001, P < 0.001; respectively); PDE-ALT + TBil > 57.1 umol/L predicted the fatal PHLF in Pod 30. (POD 5 AUC = 0.689, P = 0.030). The sensitivity and specificity of “PDE-ALT + TBil > 57.1 umol/L” predicted the fatal PHLF in Pod 30 was 76.9%, 58.0%; respectively;
Conclusion
“Post-operative Delayed Elevation of ALT and POD 5 TBil > 57.1 umol/L” in patients with HBV-related HCC may predicted the fatal PHLF. Therefore, it is important to monitor them closely for these patients, then initiate early and continue intensive treatment if necessary.
Teak Seedlings' Physiological and Gene Expression Responses to Salt and Osmotic Stress
Authors: Maisuria Hemanshukumar , Dhaduk Haresh , Kumar Sushil , Sakure Amar , Thounaojam Amarjeet 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Station and Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Anand Agricultural University, Gujarat, conducted the experiment in May 2019 to determine the physiological and differential gene expression analysis of teak seedlings under various abiotic stress conditions (control, 150 mM NaCl and 15% PEG). The physiological data [chlorophyll content, membrane stability index and relative water content] were recorded at 0, 2, 7, and 12 DAT with four repetitions. These parameters were all lowered quantitatively at first, and then considerably during longer treatment. The application of 150 mM NaCl has disastrous effects on plant physiology in terms of PEG. The findings revealed that diverse stresses have a substantial impact on seedling physiology due to chlorophyll degradation, cell and chloroplast membrane damage, ROS formation, and decreased water absorption in response to physiological or physical shortage of accessible soil moisture. At 12 DAT, the gene expression profile of treated seedlings was compared to that of control seedlings. RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of one endogenous and ten stress-related genes. MYB-3, HSP-1, BI-1, and CS-2 genes were up-regulated in leaves of stress-treated seedlings. The genes' up-regulation supported their protective role in plants under abiotic stress. Treatments, stress duration, and plant species all altered the expression profile of genes. According to the findings of this study, these physiological indicators could be used as marker indices to measure tree's stress tolerance capacity during the seedling stage. The up-regulated genes will be further investigated and used to confirm stress resistance and susceptible teak seedlings.
Prediction of diabetes mellitus development after kidney transplantation using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Lim Sun Woo , Shin Yoo Jin , Cui Sheng , Ko Eun Jeong , Chung Byung Ha , Yang Chul Woo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background:Multiple risk factors are involved in new-onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation; however, their prediction of clinical prognosis remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could help predict diabetes mellitus (DM) development before performing kidney transplantation (KT).Methods:We first examined whole transcriptome and functional enrichment analyses of KT patient-derived iPSCs and revealed that insulin resistance, type 2 DM, and transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathways are associated between the group of DM and non-DM. We next determined whether the different genetic background was associated with development from iPSC into pancreatic progenitor (PP) cells.Results:We found that the level of differentiation-related key markers of PP cells was significantly lower in the DM group than in the non-DM group. Moreover, the results of tacrolimus toxicity screening showed significant decrease in the number of PP cells of DM group compared with the non-DM group, suggesting that these cells are more susceptible to tacrolimus toxicity.Conclusions:Taken together, the PP cells of the DM group showed low developmental potency, which was accompanied by a significantly different genetic background compared with the non-DM group. Thus, genetic analysis can be used to predict the risk of developing DM before performing KT.
Spatial prediction of soil micronutrients using machine learning algorithms integrated with multiple digital covariates
Authors: Keshavarzi Ali , KAYA Fuat , Başayiğit Levent , Gyasi-Agyei Yeboah , Rodrigo-Comino Jesús , Caballero-Calvo Andrés 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The design and application of multiple tools to spatially assess soil properties are key to efficient land management plans. While soil micronutrients are paramount soil properties for multiple purposes, collecting a representative number of samples is time-consuming and expensive. The main aim of this research was to evaluate different scenarios involving 41 environmental variables with two machine learning (ML) algorithms for predicting the spatial distribution of soil micronutrients within the piedmont plain in north-eastern Iran. Sixty-eight locations with different land uses were soil sampled to determine the contents of the micronutrients of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu). The environmental variables were derived from a digital elevation model, open-source Landsat 8 OLI, Sentinel 2A MSI images, WorldClim climate variables and raster maps of key soil properties. Normalised Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) and Taylor diagrams were used to evaluate the ML models. Based on the validation results and soil scientists evaluation of the produced maps, the Random Forest (RF) algorithm emerged as the most effective method for predicting the spatial distribution of the soil micronutrients. For the validation set, 91%, 94%, 91% and 108% NRMSE values for Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu, respectively, were given by the RF algorithm. However, one parsimonious scenario involving only the climate covariates also showed promising results. These digital maps produced at 30 m spatial resolution could be used as valuable reconnaissance base information to effectively identify micronutrient deficiencies and excess hotspots for large areas.