bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Serum Biomarkers Predict the Outcome of Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy in Adult Atopic Dermatitis Patients?
Authors: Hurault G. , Roekevisch E. , Schram M. E. , Szegedi K. , Kezic S. , Middelkamp-Hup M. A. , Spuls P. I. , Tanaka R. J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Atopic dermatitis (AD or eczema) is a most common chronic skin disease. Designing personalised treatment strategies for AD based on patient stratification is of high clinical relevance, given a considerable variation in the clinical phenotype and responses to treatments among patients. It has been hypothesised that the measurement of biomarkers could help predict therapeutic responses for individual patients.

Objective
We aim to assess whether serum biomarkers can predict the outcome of systemic immunosuppressive therapy in adult AD patients.

Methods
We developed a statistical machine learning model using the data of an already published longitudinal study of 42 patients who received azathioprine or methotrexate for over 24 weeks. The data contained 26 serum cytokines and chemokines measured before the therapy. The model described the dynamic evolution of the latent disease severity and measurement errors to predict AD severity scores (Eczema Area and Severity Index, (o)SCORing of AD and Patient Oriented Eczema Measure) two-weeks ahead. We conducted feature selection to identify the most important biomarkers for the prediction of AD severity scores.

Results
We validated our model in a forward chaining setting and confirmed that it outperformed standard time-series forecasting models. Adding biomarkers did not improve predictive performance.

Conclusions
In this study, biomarkers had a negligible and non-significant effect for predicting the future AD severity scores and the outcome of the systemic therapy.
Symplectic modular symmetry in heterotic string vacua: flavor, CP, and R-symmetries
Authors: Ishiguro Keiya , Kobayashi Tatsuo , Otsuka Hajime 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We examine a common origin of four-dimensional flavor, CP, and U(1)R symmetries in the context of heterotic string theory with standard embedding. We find that flavor and U(1)R symmetries are unified into the Sp(2h + 2, ℂ) modular symmetries of Calabi-Yau threefolds with h being the number of moduli fields. Together with the $$ {\mathbb{Z}}_2^{\mathrm{CP}} $$

ℤ
2
CP

CP symmetry, they are enhanced to GSp(2h + 2, ℂ) ≃ Sp(2h + 2, ℂ) ⋊ $$ {\mathbb{Z}}_2^{\mathrm{CP}} $$

ℤ
2
CP

generalized symplectic modular symmetry. We exemplify the S3, S4, T′, S9 non-Abelian flavor symmetries on explicit toroidal orbifolds with and without resolutions and ℤ2, S4 flavor symmetries on three-parameter examples of Calabi-Yau threefolds. Thus, non-trivial flavor symmetries appear in not only the exact orbifold limit but also a certain class of Calabi-Yau three-folds. These flavor symmetries are further enlarged to non-Abelian discrete groups by the CP symmetry.
Exploring Reggeon bound states in strongly-coupled $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 super Yang-Mills
Authors: Abl Theresa , Sprenger Martin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The multi-Regge limit of scattering amplitudes in strongly-coupled $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills is described by the large mass limit of a set of thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (TBA) equations. A non-trivial remainder function arises in this setup in certain kinematical regions due to excitations of the TBA equations which appear during the analytic continuation into these kinematical regions. So far, these analytic continuations were carried out on a case-by-case basis for the six- and seven-gluon remainder function. In this note, we show that the set of possible excitations appearing in any analytic continuation in the multi-Regge limit for any number of particles is rather constrained. In particular, we show that the BFKL eigenvalue of any possible Reggeon bound state is a multiple of the two-Reggeon BFKL eigenvalue appearing in the six-gluon case.
More on the SW-QNM correspondence
Authors: Bianchi Massimo , Consoli Dario , Grillo Alfredo , Morales Josè Francisco 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We exploit the recently proposed correspondence between gravitational perturbations and quantum Seiberg-Witten curves to compute the spectrum of quasi-normal modes of asymptotically flat Kerr Newman black holes and establish detailed gauge/gravity dictionaries for a large class of black holes, D-branes and fuzzballs in diverse dimensions. QNM frequencies obtained from the quantum periods of SU(2) $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SYM with Nf = 3 flavours are compared against numerical results, WKB (eikonal) approximation and geodetic motion showing remarkable agreement. Starting from the master example relating quasi-normal modes of Kerr-Newman black holes in AdS4 to SU(2) gauge theory with Nf = 4, we illustrate the procedure for some simple toy-models that allow analytic solutions. We also argue that the AGT version of the gauge/gravity correspondence may give precious hints as to the physical/geometric origin of the quasi-normal modes/Seiberg-Witten connection and further elucidate interesting properties (such as tidal Love numbers and grey-body factors) that can help discriminating black holes from fuzzballs.
Initial state radiation in the Herwig 7 angular-ordered parton shower
Authors: Bewick Gavin , Ravasio Silvia Ferrario , Richardson Peter , Seymour Michael H. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We study the simulation of initial-state radiation in angular-ordered parton showers in order to investigate how different interpretations of the ordering variable affect the logarithmic accuracy of such showers. This also enables us to implement a recoil scheme which is consistent between final-state and initial-state radiation. We present optimal values of the strong coupling and intrinsic transverse momentum to be used in each version of the parton shower, tuned using Z0-boson production at the LHC at 7 TeV. With these tuned showers, we perform a phenomenological study of the Drell-Yan process at several centre-of-mass energies.
Non-expanding horizons: multipoles and the symmetry group
Authors: Ashtekar Abhay , Khera Neev , Kolanowski Maciej , Lewandowski Jerzy 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
It is well-known that blackhole and cosmological horizons in equilibrium situations are well-modeled by non expanding horizons (NEHs) [1–3]. In the first part of the paper we introduce multipole moments to characterize their geometry, removing the restriction to axisymmetric situations made in the existing literature [4]. We then show that the symmetry group $$ \mathfrak{G} $$
G
of NEHs is a 1-dimensional extension of the BMS group $$ \mathfrak{B} $$
B
. These symmetries are used in a companion paper [5] to define charges and fluxes on NEHs, as well as perturbed NEHs. They have physically attractive properties. Finally, it is generally not appreciated that $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
±of asymptotically flat space-times are NEHs in the conformally completed space-time. Forthcoming papers will (i) show that $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
± have a small additional structure that reduces $$ \mathfrak{G} $$
G
to the BMS group $$ \mathfrak{B} $$
B
, and the BMS charges and fluxes can be recovered from the NEH framework; and, (ii) develop gravitational wave tomography for the late stage of compact binary coalescences: reading-off the dynamics of perturbed NEHs in the strong field regime (via evolution of their multipoles), from the waveform at $$ \mathcal{I} $$
I
+.
Development of an automated system for adaptive post-weld treatment and quality inspection of linear welds
Authors: Mikkelstrup Anders F. , Kristiansen Morten , Kristiansen Ewa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHigh-frequency mechanical impact (HFMI) treatment is a well-documented post-weld treatment to improve the fatigue life of welds. Treatment of the weld toe must be performed by a skilled operator due to the curved and inconsistent nature of the weld toe to ensure an acceptable quality. However, the process is characterised by noise and vibrations; hence, manual treatment should be avoided for extended periods of time. This work proposes an automated system for applying robotised 3D scanning to perform post-weld treatment and quality inspection of linear welds. A 3D scan of the weld is applied to locally determine the gradient and curvature across the weld surface to locate the weld toe. Based on the weld toe position, an adaptive robotic treatment trajectory is generated that accurately follows the curvature of the weld toe and adapts tool orientation to the weld profile. The 3D scan is reiterated after the treatment, and the surface gradient and curvature are further applied to extract the quantitative measures of the treatment, such as weld toe radius, indentation depth, and groove deviation and width. The adaptive robotic treatment is compared experimentally to manual and linear robotic treatment. This is done by treating 600-mm weld toe of each treatment type and evaluating the quantitative measures using the developed system. The results showed that the developed system reduced the overall treatment variance by respectively 26.6% and 31.9%. Additionally, a mean weld toe deviation of 0.09 mm was achieved; thus, improving process stability yet minimising human involvement.
Acoustic emissions in directed energy deposition processes
Authors: Hauser Tobias , Reisch Raven T. , Kamps Tobias , Kaplan Alexander F. H. , Volpp Joerg 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAcoustic emissions in directed energy deposition processes such as wire arc additive manufacturing and directed energy deposition with laser beam/metal are investigated within this work, as many insights about the process can be gained from this. In both processes, experienced operators can hear whether a process is running stable or not. Therefore, different experiments for stable and unstable processes with common process anomalies were carried out, and the acoustic emissions as well as process camera images were captured. Thereby, it was found that stable processes show a consistent mean intensity in the acoustic emissions for both processes. For wire arc additive manufacturing, it was found that by the Mel spectrum, a specific spectrum adapted to human hearing, the occurrence of different process anomalies can be detected. The main acoustic source in wire arc additive manufacturing is the plasma expansion of the arc. The acoustic emissions and the occurring process anomalies are mainly correlating with the size of the arc because that is essentially the ionized volume leading to the air pressure which causes the acoustic emissions. For directed energy deposition with laser beam/metal, it was found that by the Mel spectrum, the occurrence of an unstable process can also be detected. The main acoustic emissions are created by the interaction between the powder and the laser beam because the powder particles create an air pressure through the expansion of the particles from the solid state to the liquid state when these particles are melted. These findings can be used to achieve an in situ quality assurance by an in-process analysis of the acoustic emissions.
Coordination on networks with farsighted and myopic agents
Authors: Mauleon Ana , Schopohl Simon , Taalaibekova Akylai , Vannetelbosch Vincent 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe study a coordination game on a fixed connected network where players have to choose between two projects. Some players are moderate (i.e. they are ex-ante indifferent between both projects) while others are stubborn (i.e. they always choose the same project). Benefits for moderate players are increasing in the number of neighbors who choose the same project. In addition, players are either farsighted or myopic. Farsighted players anticipate the reactions of others while myopic players do not. We show that, when all players are farsighted, full coordination among the moderate players is reached except if there are stubborn players for both projects. When the population is mixed, the set of stable strategy profiles is a refinement of the set of Nash equilibrium strategy profiles. In fact, turning myopic players into farsighted ones eliminates gradually the inefficient Nash equilibria. Finally, we consider a social planner who can improve coordination by means of two policy instruments: adding links to the network (socialization) and/or turning myopic players into farsighted ones (education).
Penicillinase plasmid Australia type in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Poland
Authors: Walter de Walthoffen Szymon 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an etiological agent of gonorrhea which remains a major public health problem the mechanisms that determine resistance to drugs of the beta-lactam class, which are recommended for the treatment of gonorrhea, are currently the most important problem in its treatment. Chromosomal mutations are responsible for resistance to ceftriaxone and cefepime. The possibility of mutations in the gene encoding beta-lactamase (blaTEM) in the penicillinase plasmid may also turn out to be a serious threat.

Methods
The occurrence of resistance encoded on penicillinase plasmid has been investigated. For this purpose, the susceptibility of bacteria was determined and the gene for resistance to beta-lactams as well as the plasmids themselves was typed.

Results
Of the 333 strains tested, 21 (6.3%) had the beta-lactamase gene and produced penicillinase. Two of the beta-lactamase: TEM-1 and TEM-135 occurred among the tested strains of N. gonorrhoeae. Most of the known penicillinase plasmid types of N. gonorrhoeae were demonstrated: the Asian, the African, the Toronto/Rio plasmids and Australian variants.

Conclusions
In the first 3 years, TEM-1 beta-lactamases dominated in N. gonorrhoeae, which were replaced by TEM-135 in the following years of the study. Not all molecular methods are capable of varying the types of penicillinase plasmids. A particularly noteworthy observation is the fact that the Australia-type of penicillinase plasmid (3270 bp) was identified for the first time in Europe, and the second time in the world.
Fourier spotting: a novel setup for single-color reflectometry
Authors: Siegel Johannes , Berner Marcel , Werner Juergen H. , Proll Guenther , Fechner Peter , Schubert Markus 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSingle-color reflectrometry is a sensitive and robust detection method in optical biosensor applications, for example for bioanalysis. It is based on the interference of reflected monochromatic radiation and is label free. We present a novel setup for single-color reflectometry based on the patented technology of Berner et al. from 2016. Tilting areas of micro-mirrors allow us to encode the optical reflection signal of an analyte and reference channel into a particular carrier frequency with the amplitude being proportional to the local reflection. Therefore, a single photodiode is sufficient to collect the signals from both channels simultaneously. A 180∘ phase shift in the tilt frequency of two calibrated micro-mirror areas leads to a superposition of the analyte and reference signal which enables an efficient reduction of the baseline offset and potential baseline offset drift. A performance test reveals that we are able to detect changes of the refractive index n down to Δn < 0.01 of saline solutions as regents. A further test validates the detection of heterogeneous binding interaction. This test compromises immobilized testosterone-bovine serum albumin on a three-dimensional layer of biopolymer as ligand and monoclonal anti-testosterone antibodies as analyte. Antibody/antigen binding induces a local growth of the biolayer and change in the refractive index, which is measured via the local change of the reflection. Reproducible measurements enable for the analysis of the binding kinetics by determining the affinity constant KA = 1.59 × 10− 7 M− 1. In summary, this work shows that the concept of differential Fourier spotting as novel setup for single-color reflectometry is suitable for reliable bioanalysis.
Breast Reconstruction–Prospective Follow up on Breast Cancer Patients’ Health‐Related Quality of Life
Authors: Rautalin Mervi , Jahkola Tiina , Roine Risto P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAnalysing the results of breast reconstruction is important both in terms of oncological safety and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) is thought to be prone to complications and heavy for patients with no time to adapt to having cancer. Delayed reconstruction (DR) is an option after primary surgery and oncological treatments, but requires patients to go through two recovery periods after surgery.MethodsA prospective study of 1065 breast cancer patients with repeated measurement of HRQoL with both generic (15D) and disease specific (EORTC QLQ C‐30 BR23) measuring tools included 51 IBR patients and 41 DR patients. These patients’ HRQoL and reconstruction methods were studied in more detail alongside with clinical data to determine HRQoL levels for patients with IBR and those with mastectomy and DR during a 24‐month follow‐up. Measuring points were baseline, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months.ResultsMost frequent techniques used were abdominal flaps (IBR n = 16, DR n = 14), latissimus dorsi flaps (LD) (IBR n = 19, DR n = 10), implants (IBR n = 12) and fat grafting (DR n = 6). Smaller groups were excluded from group comparisons. Approximately one third of the patients encountered complications. Symptom scores did not differ between reconstruction methods. DR patients had better overall HRQoL at 12 months, but at 24 months the situation had changed in favour of IBR. Both approaches of reconstructive surgery produced good HRQoL with no significant differences between the approaches studied.
Anlotinib combined with temozolomide suppresses glioblastoma growth via mediation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Peng , Wang Handong , Pan Hao , Chen Jiakai , Deng Chulei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Anlotinib protects against carcinogenesis through the induction of autophagy and apoptosis. The current study evaluated the role and molecular mechanisms of anlotinib in glioblastoma, and the effects of anlotinib in combination with temozolomide (TMZ).

Methods
Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony-forming assays were used to evaluate cell viability. Cell migration and invasion were assessed by wound-healing, Transwell migration, and Matrigel invasion assays. Cellular apoptosis and cell cycle analysis were determined by flow cytometry. Angiogenesis was assessed using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Protein expression was determined by western blotting or immunofluorescence staining. The in vivo anti-glioblastoma effect was assessed with live imaging of tumor xenografts in nude mice.

Results
Anlotinib restricted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Tumor supernatant from glioblastoma cells treated with anlotinib inhibited angiogenesis in HUVECs. Anlotinib induced autophagy in glioblastoma cells by increasing Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) levels. Mechanistically, anlotinib inhibited the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/VEGFA signaling pathway. STAT3 inhibition by S3I-201 decreased VEGFA and suppressed cellular proliferation and movement. TMZ enhanced the anti-glioblastoma ability of anlotinib. Finally, anlotinib inhibited tumor growth and JAK2/STAT3/VEGFA signaling in xenografts.

Conclusion
Anlotinib exerts anti-glioblastoma activity possibly through the JAK2/STAT3/VEGFA signaling pathway. TMZ potentiated the anti-glioblastoma effect of anlotinib via the same signaling pathway, indicating the potential application of anlotinib as a treatment option for glioblastoma.
Use of the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 to assess motivation for physical activity in persons with rheumatoid arthritis: an observational study
Authors: Videm Vibeke , Hoff Mari , Liff Marthe Halsan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractArthritis patients may show little motivation for physical activity (PA), resulting in a sedentary lifestyle. The primary objective of the study was to investigate whether motivation for PA and fulfillment of PA recommendations were associated with cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with RA. The exploratory objective was to study whether university students could be used as controls for RA patients in future studies of PA motivation. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) was measured in 93 RA patients. The patients and 354 students filled in the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with adjustment for age and sex. The BREQ-2 scores were also compiled to an overall motivational style “Relative Autonomy Index” as previously published. Mean VO2peak for the RA patients was 32.2 (SD: 9.6) mL × min−1 × kg−1. Only 29 patients (31%) fulfilled the current recommendations for PA. BREQ-2 scores were associated with measured VO2peak (standardized coefficient 0.33, p < 0.001). Whether a person fulfilled the current recommendations for PA was a significant mediator of this effect (standardized coefficients: mediated effect; 0.22, p = 0.001, remaining direct effect; 0.11, p = 0.18). The Relative Autonomy Index also significantly predicted measured VO2peak (standardized coefficient 0.30, p < 0.001). The underlying BREQ-2 factor structure was significantly different between RA patients and university students, and comparison of scores would not be adequate. Motivation for PA was significantly associated with measured VO2peak in RA patients. The effect was mediated by whether the patient fulfilled the current recommendations for PA. Addressing and stimulating motivation is important when intervening to increase PA and cardiovascular fitness in RA patients.
Magnetic maps in animal navigation
Authors: Lohmann Kenneth J. , Goforth Kayla M. , Mackiewicz Alayna G. , Lim Dana S. , Lohmann Catherine M. F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn addition to providing animals with a source of directional or ‘compass’ information, Earth’s magnetic field also provides a potential source of positional or ‘map’ information that animals might exploit to assess location. In less than a generation, the idea that animals use Earth’s magnetic field as a kind of map has gone from a contentious hypothesis to a well-established tenet of animal navigation. Diverse animals ranging from lobsters to birds are now known to use magnetic positional information for a variety of purposes, including staying on track along migratory pathways, adjusting food intake at appropriate points in a migration, remaining within a suitable oceanic region, and navigating toward specific goals. Recent findings also indicate that sea turtles, salmon, and at least some birds imprint on the magnetic field of their natal area when young and use this information to facilitate return as adults, a process that may underlie long-distance natal homing (a.k.a. natal philopatry) in many species. Despite recent progress, much remains to be learned about the organization of magnetic maps, how they develop, and how animals use them in navigation.