bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Plant Regeneration via Indirect Organogenesis in Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus semperflorens flore pleno) Cultivars
Authors: Sabaghi Hamid Reza , Sharifi-Sirchi Gholamreza , Azadi Pejman , Azimi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Callus induction and plant regeneration are important steps of in vitro plant breeding of ornamental plants. In this study, the effects of different combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs), promoters, and minerals on callus induction and plant regeneration in different carnation cultivars were studied in a completely randomized design with three replications. For callus induction, 16 different combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and casein hydrolysate (CH) were studied using in vitro leaf explants. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.2 mg·dm−3 of 2,4-D and 200 mg·dm−3 of CH showed the highest frequency of callus induction. Among the cultivars, ‘Noblesse’ showed the highest rate of callus induction (91.67%). Regarding regeneration, BA, NAA, silver nitrate (AgNO3), and adenine hemisulfate (As) were used in ten different combinations. The ‘Cameron’, ‘Tabasco’, and ‘Noblesse’ cultivars with 95.24% regeneration percentage showed the highest rate of plant regeneration. Generally, in most cultivars, the highest regeneration rate and shoot number per explant were found in the MS medium supplemented with 3 mg·dm−3 of BA, 0.6 mg·dm−3 of NAA, 5 mg·dm−3 of AgNO3, and 40 mg·dm−3 of As. According to the results, the highest regeneration frequency was obtained when 40 mg·dm−3 of As was added to the medium. Finally, the flow cytometry analysis indicated that there were no significant differences between in vitro regenerated and control plants in terms of DNA ratios.
Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Flexibility on the Propulsive Performance of a Heaving Hydrofoil Undergoing Sinusoidal and Non-Sinusoidal Motions
Authors: Li Fengkun , Yu Pengyao , Wang Qiang , Li Guangzhao , Wu Xiangcheng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Numerical simulations of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) on an elastic foil heaving with constant amplitude in freestream flow are carried out at a low Reynolds number of 20,000. The commercial software STAR-CCM+ is employed to solve the flow field and the large-scale passive deformation of the structure. The results show that introducing a certain degree of flexibility significantly improves the thrust and efficiency of the foil. For each Strouhal number St considered, an optimal flexibility exists for thrust; however, the propulsive efficiency keeps increasing with the increase in flexibility. The visualisation of the vorticity fields elucidates the improvement of the propulsive characteristics by flexibility. Furthermore, the mechanism of thrust generation is discussed by comparing the time-varying thrust coefficient and vortex structure in the wake for both rigid and elastic foils. Finally, in addition to sinusoidal motions, we also consider the effect of non-sinusoidal trajectories defined by flattening parameter S on the propulsive characteristics for both rigid and elastic foils. The non-sinusoidal trajectories defined by S=2 are associated with the maximum thrust, and the highest values of propulsive efficiency are obtained with S=0.5 among the cases considered in this work.
Performance and Emission Modelling and Simulation of Marine Diesel Engines using Publicly Available Engine Data
Authors: Ghaemi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To analyse the behaviour of marine diesel engines in unsteady states for different purposes, for example to determine the fuel consumption or emissions level, to adjust the control strategy, to manage the maintenance, etc., a goal-based mathematical model that can be easily implemented for simulation is necessary. Such a model usually requires a wide range of operating data, measured on a test stand. This is a time-consuming process with high costs and the relevant data are not available publicly for a selected engine. The present paper delivers a rapid and relatively simple method for preparing a simulation model of a given marine diesel engine, based only on the widely available data in the project guides indicated for steady state conditions. After establishing the framework of the mathematical model, it describes how the parameters of the model can be adjusted for the simulation model and how the results can be verified as well. Conceptually, this is a trial and error method, but the presented case example makes clear how the parameters can be selected to reduce the number of trials and quickly determine the model parameters. The necessary descriptions are given through a case study, which is the MAN-B&W 8S65ME-C8 marine diesel engine. The engine is assumed to be connected to a constant pitch propeller. The presented mathematical model is a mean-value zero-dimensional type with seven state variables. The other variables of the engine are determined based on the state independent variables and the input value, which is the fuel rate. The paper can be used as a guideline to prepare a convenient mathematical model for simulation, with the minimum publicly available data.
New Designs of Magnetic Fluid Seals for Reciprocating Motion
Authors: Matuszewski Leszek , Bela Piotr 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The operating conditions of magnetic fluid seals during reciprocating motion are so different from those observed in rotating motion that the use of their conventional structures for reciprocating motion seals yields no good results. The analysis of the sealing mechanism of magnetic fluid seals in reciprocating motion shows that the operation of these seals is affected by the carry-over phenomenon and magnetic fluid film deformation in the sealing gap, which depends on the velocity of the reciprocating motion. The reduced amount of magnetic fluid in the sealing gap caused by the reciprocating motion of the shaft is the main reason for seal failures. The paper presents a short characterisation of magnetic fluid sealing technology, the principle of sealing, the operation of the magnetic fluid and the seal failure mechanism in linear motion of the shaft. Moreover, some new structural designs of hybrid seals, being combinations of typical hydraulic seals with magnetic fluid seals for reciprocating motion, and some examples of magnetic fluid sealing structures for hydraulic cylinders and piston compressors which have practical application values are presented.
PENINGKATAN KINERJA PEGAWAI DENGAN KONTRIBUSI PENGAWASAN DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA PADA DINAS PERDAGANGAN KABUPATEN LAMPUNG UTARA
Authors: Josiah Trisnowati , Habe Hazairin 
Published: January 2022

Dengan tujuan ingin mengetahui pengaruh Pengawasan dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap kinerja. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantatif, dengan variabel bebas yaitu Pengawasan (X1) dan Lingkungan Kerja (X2) sedangkan yang dimaksudkan dengan variabel terikat yaitu kinerja pegawai (Y). Metode pengumpulan data berdasarkan sumbernya menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dengan penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan yang meliputi : observasi, kuesioner, dokumentasi dan interview, dengan jumlah populasi 24 responden. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa ada pengaruh Pengawasan dan Lingkungan Kerja secara sendiri-sendiri atau bersama-sama terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Perdagangan Kabupaten Lampung Utara. Adapun pengaruh kedua variabel tersebut terhadap variabel kinerja adalah, variabel Pengawasan dan Lingkungan Kerja secara simultan memiliki kontribusi 28,6% terhadap kinerja Pegawai Dinas Perdagangan Kabupaten Lampung Utara.
La pirámide de sombra, la sombra de la pirámide. Apuntes sobre las fuentes astronómicas y arqueológicas del Primero sueño de sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
Authors: Gutiérrez Reyna Jorge 
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo propone un par de fuentes bibliográficas, hasta ahora no consideradas por la crítica, para una mejor comprensión del Primero sueño de sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, específicamente de ciertos pasajes relacionados con uno de sus símbolos principales: las pirámides. Estas fuentes conciernen a los saberes astronómicos y arqueológicos de la época barroca: la Historia natural de Plinio -traducida por Jerónimo de Huerta y publicada, en dos tomos, en Madrid, entre 1624 y 1629- y el Mundus symbolicus de Filippo Piccinelli -obra publicada por primera vez en italiano, en 1653, y en latín, en 1681. The pyramidal shade, the shadow of the pyramid. Notes on the astronomical and archaeological sources of Primero sueño by sor Juana Inés de la CruzAbstractThe present work proposes a pair of bibliographical sources, not considered until now by the critics, for a better comprehension of Primero Sueño by Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, specifically of certain passages related to one of its principal symbols: the pyramids. This sources concern to the astronomical and archeological knowledge of the Baroque: Historia Natural by Plinio -translated by Jerónimo de Huerta and published, in two volumes, in Madrid, between 1624 and 1629- and Mundus Symbolicus by Filippo Piccinelli -published, in Italian, for the first time in 1653 and, in Latin, in 1681. Enviado a dictamen: 13 de noviembre 2021Aceptación: 23 de noviembre 2021
How Do They Survive? Study On Small Businesses Survive Covid-19 In Semarang
Authors: Nugraha Aryan Eka Prastya , Hadi Dwi Prastyo , Drifanda Valdyan 
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor yang membuat bisnis kecil bertahan di masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) dengan menyertakan pengaruh moderasi. Sejumlah 162unit usaha kecil di Kota Semarang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini mengisi instrument secara daring. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Business Performance, Government Policy dan Stress Process memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap Business Resilience. Proses mempertahankan bisnis diperlemah dengan karaktersitik kerentanan bisnis yang akan terus membayangi pemilik bisnis untuk mempertahankan bisnis. Bagi pemilik bisnis kecil di Semarang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kinerja bisnis dengan memperluas orientasi pasar dengan menghasilkan barang yang harganya lebih rendah dengan kualitas yang sama dan mungkin mengurangi kuantitas. Sedangkan Input Materials harus beralih menggunakan bahan baku lokal meskipun harganya terpaut cukup mahal disbanding yang sering digunakan bahan baku impor agar tetap memenuhi kebutuhan dasar masyarakat seperti pada bisnis toko kelontong/grosir. Agar bisnis kecil mampu bertahan peran serta pemerintah ditengah ancaman resesi seperti ini dengan kebijakan yang lebih fleksibel salah satunya membuat kebijakan mengenai integrasi antar UKM yang dapat saling terkoneksi satu dengan yang lain agar tetap berjalan demand dan supply. Selain itu pemilik bisnis harus mampu melakukan berbagai macam cara terkait pengelolaan sumber daya dapat dilakukan dari investasi sumber daya dan yang terpenting mampu mencegah kehilangan sumber daya yang tidak proporsional.
Kata kunci—ketahanan bisnis;bisnis kecil; covid-19
Results of external quality assessment of cytogenetic investigations for 2020
Authors: Антоненко В.Г. , Шилова Н.В. , Лукаш Е.Н. , Бабкеева Э.Р. , Малахов В.Н. 
Published: January 2022

Представлены результаты экспертной оценки качества цитогенетических исследований в лабораториях РФ в системе межлабораторных сличительных испытаний «ФСВОК» за 2020 г.
The results of the expert assessment of the quality of cytogenetic studies in the laboratories of the Russian Federation in the system of interlaboratory comparison tests «FSVOK» for 2020 are presented.
Identification of modifying copy number variations in healthy carriers of pathogenetically significant CNVs
Authors: Беляева Е.О. , Кашеварова А.А. , Васильев С.А. , Скрябин Н.А. , Лопаткина М.Е. , Дроздов Г.В. , Федотов Д.А. , Лебедев И.Н. 
Published: January 2022

Присутствие дополнительных хромосомных вариантов в геноме пациента или бессимптомное носительство аберрации может приводить к фенотипической вариабельности проявлений патогенетически значимой CNV. Высказана гипотеза, что сочетанное действие CNV оказывает модифицирующий эффект, который может быть кумулятивным или компенсаторным, и, соответственно, изменять риск, связанный с определённой CNV, что имеет принципиальное значение для медико-генетического консультирования.
The presence of concomitant chromosomal variants in the genome of a patient or an asymptomatic carrier of aberrations may lead to phenotypic variability of pathogenetically significant CNV. It is supposed, that multiple CNVs has a modifying effect, which can be cumulative or compensatory. The risk associated with a particular CNV changes accordingly. This is of fundamental importance for genetic counseling.
METHYLATION OF 4-NIТRO-1,2,3-TRIAZOLE IN NEUTRAL ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Суханов Г.Т. , Филиппова Ю.В. , Крупнова И.А. , Босов К.К. , Суханова А.Г. , Пивоварова Е.В. 
Published: January 2022

Алкилирование NH-гетероцикла4-нитро-1,2,3-триазола диметилсульфатом сопровождается тандемными реакциями алкилирования–кватернизации и приводит к образованию сложной смеси продуктов N-моноалкилирования по всем трем гетероатомам N-1, N-2 и N-3 с существенным преобладанием неизвестного ранее N3-производного, а также продукта их дальнейшего превращения – соли 1,3-диметил-4-нитро-1,2,3-триазолия.Alkylation of the NH-heterocycle of 4-nitro-1,2,3-triazole with dimethyl sulfate is accompanied by tandem alkylation-quaternization reactions and leads to the formation of a complex mixture of N-monoalkylation products at all three heteroatoms N-1, N-2, and N-3 with a significant predominance previously unknown N3-derivative, as well as the product of their further conversion - 1,3-dimethyl-4-nitro-1,2,3-triazolium salts.
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AND THE EQUATION OF STATE OF COPPER
Authors: Козырев Н.В. 
Published: January 2022

Высокотемпературное уравнение состояния меди получено с использованием экспериментальных данных по термодинамическим свойствам, объемному термическому расширению, сжимаемости, температурной зависимости модуля объемного сжатия. Весь объем экспериментальных данных оптимизирован с использованием температурно-зависящего уравнения Тайта в диапазоне давлений до 2000 кбар и температур от 20-50 K до температуры плавления. Температурная зависимость термодинамических и термофизических параметров описана с использованием расширенной модели Эйнштейна. Полученное уравнение состояния хорошо описывает весь объем экспериментальных данных в пределах погрешности измерений отдельных величин.
The high-temperature equation of state of copper is obtained using experimental data on thermodynamic properties, volumetric thermal expansion, compressibility, temperature dependence of the volumetric compression modulus. The entire volume of experimental data is optimized using the temperature-dependent Tate equation in the pressure range up to 2000 kbar and temperatures from 20-50 K to the melting point. The temperature dependence of thermodynamic and thermophysical parameters is described using the extended Einstein model. The resulting equation of state describes well the entire volume of experimental data within the measurement error of individual quantities.
CONTEMPORARY URBAN HOUSING BASED ON SOCIAL PRINCIPLE
Authors: Камалова Клавдия Владимировна , Кукина Ирина Валериевна , Дуцев Михаил Викторович 
Published: January 2022

Изменение демографической картины мира, когда семья перестала быть доминирующей нормой, привело к новым формам объединения людей, основанным на общности интересов, возраста и статуса. Социальную значимость этим формам придает исчезающая естественная традиция добрососедства, разрушение социальных связей и, как следствие, ряд психологических проблем современного общества. Преодоление этого кризиса видится с помощью распространения таких коопераций, как Coworking - совместно работающие, Coliving - разделяющие место жительства, Cohousing - преднамеренно объединившие быт. Новые модели урбанизированного жилого пространства, организация которых выстраивается на принципах общинного (коммунального) сосуществования, порождают совершенно новые типы планировочных и объемно-пространственных решений городского жилища
Changing of demographic picture of world when family ceased to be the dominant norm, led to new forms of people community based on common interests, age and status. Strong significance to these forms is given by disappearing the natural tradition of neighbourship, the destruction of social ties and as a consequence a number of psychological problems of urban society. This crisis be overcome using such cooperatives as Coworking - working together, Coliving - sharing places of residence, Cohousing - deliberately united life. New models of urban residential areas organization of which is built on the communal principles coexistence generate completely new types of masterplan and architecture of urban housing.
CONCEPT OF PRESERVATION OF THE AUTHENTICITY OF HISTORICAL OBJECTS IN THE ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE OF THE XXI CENTURY
Authors: Ламбрихт В.И. 
Published: January 2022

Принцип сохранения подлинности исторических объектов утвердился в современной практике как устоявшаяся норма профессии. При этом приспособление к новым функциям обуславливает необходимость применения средств современной архитектуры. В рамках статьи предлагается проследить, какими способами устанавливается взаимосвязь современной архитектуры с историческими объектами, их непосредственным окружением и культурно-историческим контекстом на примере работ двух знаменитых архитектурных бюро — “Tadao Ando Architecture & Associate” и “Herzog & de Meuron Architekten”.
The principle of preserving the authenticity of historical objects has established itself in modern practice as a cultural norm of the profession. At the same time, adaptation to new functions necessitates the use of contemporary architecture. The article is devoted to the ways in which the relationship of modern architecture with historical objects, their immediate environment and cultural and historical context is established on the example of the works of two famous architectural bureaus — Tadao Ando Architecture & Associates and Herzog & de Meuron Architekten.
EFFECT OF CHARCOAL QUALITY ON TOXICITY OF HOOKAH TOBACCO
Authors: БУБНОВА Н.Н. , БУБНОВ Е.А. 
Published: January 2022

Анализ современного российского рынка табачной продукции свидетельствует о росте популярности смесей для кальяна. Особенностью данного продукта является специфика его потребления: нагрев с использованием натурального древесного или кокосового угля. Угарный газ – монооксид углерода в дыме кальяна появляется вследствие сгорания угля. Исследованы качественные характеристики угля для кальяна – влажность, продолжительность розжига и горения, динамика изменения температуры чаши и калауда в процессе работы кальянной системы – и его влияние на органолептические свойства кальянного дыма и содержание монооксида углерода в нем. В качестве объекта исследования были образцы угля для кальяна на основе скорлупы грецкого ореха (Украина), на основе скорлупы кокосового ореха (Индонезия), а также быстровозгорающийся древесный уголь, пропитанный селитрой (Польша). Установлено, что содержание монооксида углерода в аэрозоле при использовании угля из скорлупы грецкого ореха на 20% ниже, чем при использовании угля из скорлупы кокосового ореха, и в 10 раз ниже, чем при нагревании быстровозгорающимся древесным углем, пропитанным селитрой. Угли из скорлупы грецкого ореха и скорлупы кокоса имеют большую, чем быстровозгорающийся древесный уголь, продолжительность розжига, однако они характеризуются большей продолжительностью горения, меньше влияют на органолептическое восприятие курильщика и подходят для использования в любых кальянных системах (с калаудом и без него).
Analysis of modern Russian market of tobacco products indicates that popularity of hookah tobacco is increasing. The main distinctive feature of this product is peculiarity of its consuming. It is heated by natural charcoal or coconut charcoal. Carbon monoxide in hookah aerosol appears due to burning process of utilized charcoal. Qualitative characteristics of charcoal – humidity, time of starting charcoal burning and time of burning, dynamics of temperature change of the bowl and kalaud during the hookah system are investigated. The effect of hookah charcoal on the organoleptic properties of hookah smoke and the carbon monoxide content in it has been determined. Samples hookah charcoal made of walnut shells (Ukraine), charcoal made of coconut shells (Indonesia), quick lighted charcoal made of wood charcoal and impregnated with niter (Poland) were used as the object of the study. It was found that the carbon monoxide content in the aerosol when using walnut shells charcoal is 20% lower than when using coconut shells charcoal, and 10 times lower than when using quick lighted charcoal. Despite the fact that charcoals from walnut shell and from coconut shell have a much longer time of starting burning than quick lighted charcoal, they are characterized by a longer burning, less affect the organoleptic perception of the smoker and are suitable for use in any hookah systems (with calaud and without it).