bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic investigation of four ports MIMO antenna depending on flexible material for UWB networks
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Ahmed Mohamed I. , Ahmed Mai. F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA flexible quad-port MIMO antenna with good isolation features with both flat and bending configurations is presented and investigated in this work. The single unit of the MIMO is composed of a crescent-shaped monopole antenna connected with a curved coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed to enhance the operating bandwidth. A thin and flexible Roger 3003 material with thickness = 0.13 mm, εr = 3, and tan δ = 0.001 is used. To improve the isolation between ports which in turn improves the performance of the MIMO system, the single unit antenna is repeated four times and placed orthogonal to each other. A 54 mm × 54 mm × 0.13 mm (0.63λo × 0.63λo × 0.0015λo @ 3.5 GHz) is the total size of the quad ports MIMO antenna. The flexible MIMO antennas in both flat and bending layouts are simulated, tested and the outcomes achieved S11 < − 10 dB from 3.5 GHz up to 11 GHz with mutual coupling ≤ − 17 dB between ports. The radiation patterns of the MIMO antenna are tested with 5 dB peak gain and with semi-omnidirectional and bidirectional patterns in both two planes. The Diversity Gain (DG) values ≥ 9.9 dB through the designed working band, Envelop Correlation Coefficient (ECC) lower than 0.03 from 3.5 GHz to 4 GHz and lower than 0.01 from 4 to 11 GHz, and Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) value ≤ 0.5 bit/s/Hz over the worked band are calculated and extracted in flat and bending configurations and achieved suitable values which support the suggested antenna in the UWB flexible networks.
A digital workflow for pair matching of maxillary anterior teeth using a 3D segmentation technique for esthetic implant restorations
Authors: Choi Jin-Woo , Choi Gyu-Jin , Kim Yu-Seong , Kyung Min-Ho , Kim Hee-Kyung 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe investigated a state-of-the-art algorithm for 3D reconstruction with a pair-matching technique, which enabled the fabrication of individualized implant restorations in the esthetic zone. This method compared 3D mirror images of crowns and emergence profiles between symmetric tooth pairs in the anterior maxilla using digital slicewise DICOM segmentation and the superimposition of STL data. With the outline extraction of each segment provided by 100 patients, the Hausdorff distance (HD) between two point sets was calculated to identify the similarity of the sets. By using HD thresholds as a pair matching criterion, the true positive rates of crowns were 100, 98, and 98%, while the false negative rates were 0, 2, and 2% for central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines, respectively, indicating high pair matching accuracy (> 99%) and sensitivity (> 98%). The true positive rates of emergence profiles were 99, 100, and 98%, while the false negative rates were 1, 0, and 2% for central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines, respectively, indicating high pair matching accuracy (> 99%) and sensitivity (> 98%). Therefore, digitally flipped contours of crown and emergence profiles can be successfully transferred for implant reconstruction in the maxillary anterior region to optimize esthetics and function.
A 14,000-year-old genome sheds light on the evolution and extinction of a Pleistocene vulture
Authors: Ericson Per G. P. , Irestedt Martin , Zuccon Dario , Larsson Petter , Tison Jean-Luc , Emslie Steven D. , Götherström Anders , Hume Julian P. , Werdelin Lars , Qu Yanhua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe New World Vulture [Coragyps] occidentalis (L. Miller, 1909) is one of many species that were extinct by the end of the Pleistocene. To understand its evolutionary history we sequenced the genome of a 14,000 year old [Coragyps] occidentalis found associated with megaherbivores in the Peruvian Andes. occidentalis has been viewed as the ancestor, or possibly sister, to the extant Black Vulture Coragyps atratus, but genomic data shows occidentalis to be deeply nested within the South American clade of atratus. Coragyps atratus inhabits lowlands, but the fossil record indicates that occidentalis mostly occupied high elevations. Our results suggest that occidentalis evolved from a population of atratus in southwestern South America that colonized the High Andes 300 to 400 kya. The morphological and morphometric differences between occidentalis and atratus may thus be explained by ecological diversification following from the natural selection imposed by this new and extreme, high elevation environment. The sudden evolution of a population with significantly larger body size and different anatomical proportions than atratus thus constitutes an example of punctuated evolution.
Lipids and the cancer stemness regulatory system in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Lim Isabel N.X. , Nagree Murtaza S. , Xie Stephanie Z. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease of impaired myeloid differentiation and a caricature of normal hematopoiesis. Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) are responsible for long-term clonal propagation in AML just as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) sustain lifelong hematopoiesis. LSCs are often resistant to standard chemotherapy and are responsible for clinical relapse. Although AML is highly heterogeneous, determinants of stemness are prognostic for AML patient survival and can predict AML drug sensitivity. Therefore, one way to overcome challenges preventing efficacious treatment outcomes is to target LSC stemness. Metabolomic and lipidomic studies of serum and cells from AML patients are emerging to complement genomic, transcriptomic, epigenetic, and proteomic data sets to characterize and stratify AML. Recent studies have shown the value of fractionating LSCs versus blasts when characterizing metabolic pathways and implicate the importance of lipid balance to LSCs function. As more extensive metabolic studies coupled to functional in vivo assays are conducted on highly purified HSCs, bulk AML, and LSCs, the similarities and differences in lipid homeostasis in stem-like versus more mature AML subtypes as well as from normal HSCs are emerging. Here, we discuss the latest findings from studies of lipid function in LSCs, with a focus on sphingolipids (SLs) as stemness/lineage fate mediators in AML, and the balance of fatty acid anabolism and catabolism fueling metabolic flexibility and drug resistance in AML. We also discuss how designing successful strategies to target lipid vulnerabilities and improve AML patient survival should take into consideration the hierarchical nature of AML.
Effect of Occupational Noise Exposure on Cognition and Suprathreshold Auditory Skills in Normal-Hearing Individuals
Authors: Vasudevamurthy Sahana , Kumar U. Ajith 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
Adverse effects of noise exposure on hearing and cognition are well documented in the literature. Recently, it has becoming increasingly evident that noise exposure deteriorates suprathreshold auditory skills, even though the hearing sensitivity is intact. This condition is termed as cochlear synaptopathy or hidden hearing loss, which is apparent in animal models. However, equivocal findings are reported in humans. This study aimed at assessing the working memory, attention abilities, and suprathreshold hearing abilities in normal-hearing individuals with and without occupational noise exposure. We also explored the relationship between cognitive measures and suprathreshold auditory measures.

Design:
The study participants were divided into two groups. All the participants had normal-hearing thresholds. The control group consisted of 25 individuals with no occupational noise exposure, whereas the noise exposure group had 25 individuals exposed to occupational noise of 85 dBA for a minimum period of 1 year. Working memory was assessed using auditory digit span (forward and backward), operation span, and reading span. The Erikson flanker test was used to evaluate attention abilities. The suprathreshold hearing was assessed in terms of gap detection thresholds and sentence identification in noise.

Results:
The results showed that the noise exposure group performed poorly compared to the control group on all auditory and cognitive tasks except the reading span.

Conclusion:
The results of the study suggest that occupational noise exposure may hamper the cognitive skills and suprathreshold hearing abilities of the individual despite having normal peripheral hearing.
CENN: A fully convolutional neural network for CMB recovery in realistic microwave sky simulations
Authors: Casas J. M. , Bonavera L. , González-Nuevo J. , Baccigalupi C. , Cueli M. M. , Crespo D. , Goitia E. , Santos J. D. , Sánchez M. L. , de Cos F. J. 
Published: August 2022

Context. Component separation is the process with which emission sources in astrophysical maps are generally extracted by taking multi-frequency information into account. It is crucial to develop more reliable methods for component separation for future cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments such as the Simons Observatory, the CMB-S4, or the LiteBIRD satellite.
Aims. We aim to develop a machine learning method based on fully convolutional neural networks called the CMB extraction neural network (CENN) in order to extract the CMB signal in total intensity by training the network with realistic simulations. The frequencies we used are the Planck channels 143, 217, and 353 GHz, and we validated the neural network throughout the sky and at three latitude intervals: 0° < |b| < 5°, 5° < |b| < 30°, and 30° < |b| < 90°, Moreover, we used neither Galactic nor point-source (PS) masks.
Methods. To train the neural network, we produced multi-frequency realistic simulations in the form of patches of 256 × 256 pixels that contained the CMB signal, the Galactic thermal dust, cosmic infrared background, and PS emissions, the thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect from galaxy clusters, and instrumental noise. After validating the network, we compared the power spectra from input and output maps. We analysed the power spectrum from the residuals at each latitude interval and throughout the sky, and we studied how our model handled high contamination at small scales.
Results. We obtained a CMB power spectrum with a mean difference between input and output of 13 ± 113 µK2 for multipoles up to above 4000. We computed the residuals, obtaining 700 ± 60 µK2 for 0° < |b| < 5°, 80 ± 30 µK2 for 5° < |b| < 30°, and 30 ± 20 µK2 for 30° < |b| < 90° for multipoles up to above 4000. For the entire sky, we obtained 30 ± 10 µK2 for l ≤ 1000 and 20 ± 10 µK2 for l ≤ 4000. We validated the neural network in a single patch with strong contamination at small scales, obtaining a difference between input and output of 50 ± 120 µK2 and residuals of 40 ± 10 µK2 up to l ~ 2500. In all cases, the uncertainty of each measure was taken as the standard deviation.
Conclusions. The results show that fully convolutional neural networks are promising methods for performing component separation in future CMB experiments. Moreover, we show that CENN is reliable against different levels of contamination from Galactic and PS foregrounds at both large and small scales.
Sublimation origin of active asteroid P/2018 P3
Authors: Kim Yoonyoung , Agarwal Jessica , Jewitt David , Mutchler Max , Larson Stephen , Weaver Harold , Mommert Michael 
Published: August 2022

Context. Active asteroids show (typically transient) cometary activity, driven by a range of processes. A sub-set, sometimes called main-belt comets, may be driven by sublimation and so could be useful for tracing the present-day distribution of asteroid ice. Object P/2018 P3 has a Tisserand parameter 3.096 but a high eccentricity 0.415, placing it within the dynamical boundary between asteroids and comets.
Aims. We aim to determine the cause of activity (sublimation or something else) and assess the dynamical stability of P3, in order to better constrain the intrinsic ice content in the main belt.
Methods. We obtained Hubble Space Telescope images of P3 at the highest angular resolution. We compared the observations with a Monte Carlo model of dust dynamics. We identified and analyzed archival CFHT (2013) and NEOWISE (2018) data. In addition, we numerically integrated the orbits of P3 clones for 100 Myr.
Results. Object P3 has been recurrently active near two successive perihelia (at 1.76 AU), indicative of a sublimation origin. The absence of 4.6 µm band excess indicates zero or negligible CO or CO2 gas production from P3. The properties of the ejected dust are remarkably consistent with those found in other main-belt comets (continuous emission of ~0.05–5 mm particles at 0.3–3 m s−1 speeds), with mass-loss rates of ≳2 kg s−1. The orbit of P3 is unstable on timescales ~ 10 Myr.
Conclusions. We speculate that P3 has recently arrived from a more stable source (either the Kuiper Belt or elsewhere in the main belt) and has been physically aged at its current location, finally becoming indistinguishable from a weakly sublimating asteroid in terms of its dust properties. Whatever the source of P3, given the dynamical instability of its current orbit, P3 should not be used to trace the native distribution of asteroid ice.
Co-injection of Bile and Indocyanine Green for Detecting Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction of Choledochal Cyst
Authors: Onishi Shun , Yamada Koji , Murakami Masakazu , Kedoin Chihiro , Muto Mitsuru , Ieiri Satoshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe usage of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) has gained popularity in many procedures in pediatric surgery. ICG generates fluorescent light only when it combines with a protein. We herein report a novel technique for detecting pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBMJ) with co-injection of bile and ICG in laparoscopic choledochal cyst resection and hepaticojejunostomy for a pediatric patient. A 4-year-old girl presented with abdominal pain and intermittent vomiting. Enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed a 17-mm type Ia choledochal cyst. Definitive PBMJ was not detected preoperatively. Laparoscopic choledochal cyst resection and hepaticojejunostomy were performed using five ports. A percutaneous silicon catheter was inserted into the gallbladder, and bile juice was aspirated. The amylase level of the bile juice was over 3 × 105 IU/L. The aspirated bile juice and ICG were mixed and co-injected into the gallbladder through the catheter. ICG combined with protein in bile juice and generated fluorescent light. Dilated common bile duct and pancreas were detected by NIR fluorescence imaging. This imaging technique was helpful for detecting the dissection margin of the distal side of the choledochal cyst inside the pancreatic tissue and preventing injury of the pancreatic tissue. This is the first case of ICG application for laparoscopic choledochal cyst resection in a pediatric patient. After resection of the choledochal cyst, laparoscopic hepaticojejunostomy was completely performed. Our technique is a safe and low-invasive method of detecting and excising the distal side of the cyst without a risk of radiography and residual bile duct.
Prevalence, Characteristics, and Correlates of Fatigue in Indian Breast Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kaur Navneet , Mahapatra Puneet Prasan , Chakraborty Sagar 
Published: August 2022

Background Fatigue is one of the commonest sequelae of breast cancer treatment that adversely impacts quality of life (QOL) of breast cancer survivors (BCSs). However, very limited data are available about cancer-related fatigue in Indian patients. Hence, this study was planned with the objectives to study (1) prevalence of fatigue in short-, intermediate-, and long-term follow-up; (2) severity and characteristics of fatigue; (3) impact of fatigue on QOL; and (4) correlation of fatigue with other survivorship issues.
Materials and Methods The study was conducted on (n = 230) BCSs who had completed their primary treatment (surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy) and were coming for follow-up. The prevalence of fatigue was noted from a screening tool, which comprised of 14 commonly reported survivorship issues. Assessment of fatigue was done by using survivorship fatigue assessment tool-1 score and QOL was assessed by functional assessment of cancer therapy-breast (FACT-B) questionnaires. To understand how fatigue evolved over time, survivors were divided into three groups according to the time elapsed since initial treatment: Group 1: <2 years (n = 105); Group 2: 2–5 years (n = 70); Group 3: >5 years (n = 55).
Statistical Analysis Data was analyzed by using simple descriptive statistics, one way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test for comparison of quantitative data among the three groups, and Pearson correlation coefficients for association of fatigue with other survivorship issues.
Results Clinically significant fatigue (≥4) was noted in 38% of BCSs. However, high overall prevalence of fatigue (60%) was seen, which persisted in long-term survivors (51%) as well. Severity of fatigue was mostly mild (37.7%) to moderate (47.1%). Fatigue scores were significantly higher in short-term survivors (5.01 ± 2.06) than intermediate- (4.03 ± 1.42) and long-term BCSs (3.57 ± 1.37). The mean score on FACT-B was 90.07 ± 10.17 in survivors with fatigue and 104.73 ± 7.13 in those without fatigue (p = 0.000). Significant correlation of fatigue was seen with other survivorship issues like limb swelling, chronic pain, premature menopause, and its related symptoms and emotional distress.
Conclusion Fatigue is highly prevalent in BCSs. Survivorship care programs should include appropriate measures to evaluate and address fatigue.
Superselective Anesthesia Functional Examination of the Diaphragm during Endovascular Embolization of Spinal Cord Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: Bharadwaj Suparna , Muthuchellappan Radhakrishnan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSuperselective anesthesia functional evaluation (SAFE) is an adjunct to the Wada test. It is performed to rule out unintentional positioning of the tip of the embolization catheter proximal to the origin of a normal artery supplying eloquent region of spinal cord. We report a case of a 36-year-old male with cervical intramedullary spinal cord arteriovenous malformation (SCAVM) at C3 level. In this patient, we monitored motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) of bilateral upper and lower limbs along with diaphragm. Electrodes for compound muscle action potential of diaphragm were placed under fluoroscopy guidance. Through this case, we want to emphasize that intraprocedural diaphragmatic MEPs enhance the safety margin during endovascular embolization of cervical intramedullary SCAVMs. Placement of electrodes under fluoroscopy guidance ensures proper positioning into the diaphragm muscle.
Universal Fermi velocity in highly compressed hydride superconductors
Authors: Talantsev Evgeny F. 
Published: August 2022

The Fermi velocity vF is one of the primary characteristics of any conductor, including any superconductor. For conductors at ambient pressure, several experimental techniques have been developed to measure vF, and, for instance, Zhou et al. [Nature 423, 398 (2003)] reported that high-Tc cuprates exhibited a universal nodal Fermi velocity vF,univ=2.7±0.5×105 m/s. However, there have been no measurements of vF in highly compressed near-room-temperature superconductors (NRTS), owing to experimental challenges. Here, to answer the question of the existence of a universal Fermi velocity in NRTS materials, we analyze the full inventory of data on the ground-state upper critical field Bc2(0) for these materials and find that this class of superconductors exhibits a universal Fermi velocity vF,univ=1/1.3×2Δ0/kBTc×105 m/s, where Δ(0) is the ground-state amplitude of the energy gap. The ratio 2Δ0/kBTc varies within a narrow range 3.2≤2Δ0/kBTc≤5, and so vF,univ in NRTS materials lies in the range 2.5 × 105 m/s ≤ vF,univ ≤ 3.8 × 105 m/s, which is similar to the range of values found for the high-Tc cuprate counterparts of these materials.
L‐menthol administration facilitates breathing comfort during exhaustive endurance running and improves running capacity in well‐trained runners: A randomized crossover study
Authors: Tsutsumi Yoshiko , Momma Haruki , Ebihara Satoru , Nagatomi Ryoichi 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to clarify the contribution of L‐menthol administration to endurande exercise capacity. Thirteen male runners (age, 35.8 ± 7.8 years; peak oxygen uptake, 62.7 ± 6.8 mL kg−1 min−1) ran on treadmills at fixed intensities of their anaerobic thresholds to exhaustion. All participants underwent three trials—water ingestion (W‐IG), L‐menthol mouth rinsing (M‐MR), and L‐menthol ingestion (M‐IG)— in a random order every 5 min while running. Breathing comfort (BC) was measured immediately after fluid intake. Dyspnea threshold against external inspiratory resistance was examined before and after the running test. The running time with M‐IG (1683.9 ± 520.3 s) was longer than that with W‐IG (1410.2 ± 465.9 s, effect size [ES] = 0.55). BC with M‐IG (2.00 ± 0.74) was higher than that with W‐IG (0.42 ± 0.79) at exhaustion (ES > 2.00). The dyspnea threshold after running decreased to 19.2 ± 7.6 cm H₂O L−1 s−1 with W‐IG, whereas that with M‐MR (26.2 ± 6.5 cm H₂O L−1 s−1) and M‐IG (29.2 ± 2.8 cm H₂O L−1 s−1) remained high (p for interaction < 0.001). M‐IG facilitated BC during running, improved endurance capacity, and prevented decreases in the dyspnea threshold against external inspiratory resistance after exhaustive running.
The robustness of slow contraction and the shape of the scalar field potential
Authors: Kist Timo , Ijjas Anna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We use numerical relativity simulations to explore the conditions for a canonical scalar field ϕ minimally coupled to Einstein gravity to generate an extended phase of slow contraction that robustly smooths the universe for a wide range of initial conditions and then sets the conditions for a graceful exit stage. We show that to achieve robustness it suffices that the potential V(ϕ) is negative and M
Pl|V,
ϕ
/V|≳5 during the smoothing phase. We also show that, to exit slow contraction, the potential must have a minimum. Beyond the minimum, we find no constraint on the uphill slope including the possibility of ending on a positive potential plateau or a local minimum with V
min > 0.
Our study establishes ultralocality, i.e., all spatial gradients quickly becoming negligible, for a wide range of potentials as a key both to robust smoothing and to graceful exit.
A compressed logistic equation on bacteria growth: inferring time-dependent growth rate
Authors: Pinto Carlito , Shimakawa Koichi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We propose a compressed logistic model for bacterial growth by invoking a time-dependent rate instead of the intrinsic growth rate (constant), which was adopted in traditional logistic models. The new model may have a better physiological basis than the traditional ones, and it replicates experimental observations, such as the case example for E. coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus. Stochastic colonial growth at a different rate may have a fractal-like nature, which should be an origin of the time-dependent reaction rate. The present model, from a stochastic viewpoint, is approximated as a Gaussian time evolution of bacteria (error function).