bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Antiresorptive Drugs on Bone Mineral Density in Post-Menopausal Women With Early Breast Cancer Receiving Adjuvant Aromatase Inhibitors: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: de Sire Alessandro , Lippi Lorenzo , Venetis Konstantinos , Morganti Stefania , Sajjadi Elham , Curci Claudio , Ammendolia Antonio , Criscitiello Carmen , Fusco Nicola , Invernizzi Marco 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundCancer treatment-induced bone loss (CTIBL) is a frequent complication of breast cancer therapies affecting both disability and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). To date, there is still a lack of consensus about the most effective approach that would improve bone health and HRQoL. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to summarize the evidence on the effects of antiresorptive drugs on CTIBL in patients with early breast cancer.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched up to April 30, 2021 to identify RCTs satisfying the following PICO model: P) Participants: postmenopausal women with early breast cancer receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitors (AI), age &gt;18 years; I) Intervention: antiresorptive drugs (i.e. bisphosphonates and/or denosumab); C) Comparator: any comparator; O) Outcome: bone mineral density (BMD) modifications. Moreover, a quality assessment was performed according to the Jadad scale.ResultsOut of the initial 2415 records, 21 papers (15 studies) were included in the data synthesis. According to the Jadad scale, 6 studies obtained a score of 5, 1 study obtained a score of 4, 13 studies obtained a score of 3, and 1 study with score 1. Although both bisphosphonates and denosumab showed to increase BMD, only denosumab showed significant advantages on fractures.ConclusionsBone health management in patients with early breast cancer receiving adjuvant AIs remains challenging, and the optimal therapeutic approach is not standardized. Further studies are needed to investigate CTIBL, focusing on both the need for antiresorptive drugs and their duration based on individual patients’ characteristics.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42021267107.
Living Preference Modifies the Associations of Living Arrangements With Loneliness Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Wei Kai , Yang Junjie , Yang Bixi , Jiang Lijuan , Jiang Jiangling , Cao Xinyi , Li Chunbo 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesLiving arrangement has been reported to have a significant influence on feelings of loneliness in older adults, but their living preferences may confound the association. This study aimed to investigate whether the associations of living arrangements with loneliness differ in community-dwelling older adults according to different living preferences.MethodsIn the 2008/2009 (baseline) and 2011/2012 (follow-up) waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, living arrangements [living with children mainly (LWC), living with spouse only (LWS), and living alone (LA)], living preferences [preferring living with children (PreLWC) and preferring living alone/only with spouse (PreLA)], and feelings of loneliness were assessed. The effect modifications of living preferences in the associations of living arrangements with loneliness were estimated using logistic regression models, and corresponding odds ratios (ORs) were calculated.ResultsLiving preferences significantly modified the associations of living arrangements with loneliness at baseline (p for interaction = 0.009 for LWS and = 0.015 for LA). Compared with LWC, LWS was protective for loneliness only in the PreLA older adults at baseline (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.45–0.64, p &lt; 0.001), and LA was significantly associated with loneliness especially in the PreLWC older adults, compared with their PreLA counterparts (at baseline, ORs = 2.89 vs. 2.15; at follow-up, ORs = 1.68 vs. 1.51).ConclusionLiving preference modifies the associations of living arrangements with loneliness, and those who prefer living with children but live alone are more likely to feel lonely. It is recommended that living preferences should be considered when managing loneliness in community-dwelling older adults.
Comparing α-Synuclein Fibrils Formed in the Absence and Presence of a Model Lipid Membrane: A Small and Wide-Angle X-Ray Scattering Study
Authors: Dubackic Marija , Linse Sara , Sparr Emma , Olsson Ulf 
Published: January 2022

Amyloid fibrils are associated with a number of different neurodegenerative diseases. Detailed knowledge of the fibril structure will be of importance in the search of therapy and may guide experiments to understand amyloid formation. In this paper we investigate the morphology of α-synuclein amyloid fibrils, associated with Parkinson’s disease, formed under different conditions. In particular, we study, by means of small and wide-angle X-ray scattering, whether the presence of model lipid membranes affect the overall structure of the fibrils formed, motivated by the fact that amyloid fibrils in vivo are formed in a highly lipid-rich environment. Comparing fibrils formed in the presence of lipid with fibrils formed in their absence, show that the presence of lipids has no detectable effect on the fibril cross-section radius and that the characteristic β-strand repeat distance of 4.7 Å of the extended intermolecular β-sheets remains unaffected. We also show that the observed fibril radius is consistent with a fibril structure composed of two protofilaments. This indicates overall that the particular fibril structure, with their stacks of two-dimensionally folded α-synuclein molecules, represent a deep free energy minimum, not largely affected by the co-aggregation with lipids.
Regularities of changes in the complex of physicomechanical, tribological and biological properties of a biocompatible material based on polyetheretherketone from the content of hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Karabanova A. B. , Peksimov O. E. , Andreeva T. I. , Prudskova T. N. , Sheveyko A. N. , Shtansky D. V. , Senatov F. S. , Balabanova V. A. , Gurenkov V. M. , Ilyasov A. R. 
Published: January 2022

This work is devoted to the development of a biocompatible polymer-composite material based on polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with the addition of a reinforcing phase - hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). This composite is considered as a promising material for use in medicine, for example, for the manufacture of components of a hip joint endoprosthesis or plates for fi xing fractures.The paper considers the properties of the initial components of the material under development, studies the data on the biocompatibility of materials based on PEEK and their application in medicine, in particular, in orthopedics. Experimental data were used to study the eff ect of diff erent concentrations of h-BN on the properties of the composite. In the course of the work, the morphology and size of the particles of the starting materials, as well as the surface of the obtained samples after testing, were investigated, the dependences of the deformation-strength, tribological and biological characteristics on the composition of the composite were obtained and analyzed. A brief analysis of the results obtained is presented, as well as promising directions for the application of the developed material in orthopedics are proposed.
Peran Desain Tata Ruang Mushola Al-Hidayah RT.06 RW.05 Kelurahan Penanggungan Kota Malang Terhadap Pemenuhan Fungsi Eko-Desain
Authors: Winarni Sri , Putri Herlia Pramitasari  , Maria Istiqoma  
Published: January 2022

Permukiman RT.06 RW.05 Kelurahan Penanggungan merupakan permukiman dengan kondisi lahan berkontur yang berada di bantaran Sungai Brantas. Permukiman ini memiliki kepadatan penduduk yang cukup tinggi sehingga memiliki lahan terbuka yang terbatas. Ada sebagian lahan terbuka yang dimiliki warga RT.06 RW.05 yang dimanfaakan sebagai tempat berkumpul dan bersosialisasi. Hal tersebut antara lain diwujudkan melalui pemanfaatan lahan terbuka untuk mushola dan ruang bersama sebagai pusat sosial dan keagamaan. Dalam rancangan tata ruang mushola ini diharapkan keberadaannya sangat berpengaruh terhadap kenyamanan dan keselarasan terhadap lingkungannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan eko-desain. Potensi tapak yang sudah ada sangat mendukung konsep rancangan eko-desain atau eko-arsitektur (desain yang berbasis alam). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peran desain tata ruang mushola ini memberikan suasana lingkungan alam tetap terjaga dengan baik dan juga tidak merugikan lingkunganya. Untuk itu perlu dijaga keseimbangan antara lingkungan alam, manusia dan teknologi.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS DALAM MENENTUKAN TINGKAT PENYEBARAN PANDEMI COVID-19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Dwitri Nayuni , Tampubolon Jose Andreas , Prayoga Sandi , R.H Zer Fikrul Ilmi , Hartama Dedy 
Published: January 2022

Abstract - COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by acute coronavirus 2 (severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2) respiratory syndrome. The even distribution of COVID-19 cases in all provinces in Indonesia is a fairly rapid spread and harms all fields. The vast territory of Indonesia allows the need for grouping sections by region in Indonesia. This grouping will produce center points for the spread of COVID cases - 19. K-Means is one of the Clustering algorithms that is used to divide data into several groups with a system partition. This algorithm accepts input in the form of data without class labels. Due to the global pandemic that occurred many parties sought to participate in overcoming. This research was conducted for application in the spread of the co-19 pandemic in Indonesia. In this study, the K-Means algorithm is used to determine the level of co-19 distribution in regions in Indonesia.Keywords - Algorithms, K-Means, Covid-19, The distribution, Pandemic Abstrak - COVID-19 adalah penyakit yang dapat menular jika adanya kontak antara penular dengan orang lain,dan ditandai dengan gejala pada bagian pernapasan disebut SARS-CoV-2. Penyebaran kasus COVID-19 yang merata di seluruh provinsi di Indonesia,merupakan penyebaran yang cukup cepat dan berdampak negatif pada seluruh bidang. Luasnya wilayah Indonesia memungkinkan diperlukannya pengelompokkan bagian bagian berdasarkan wilayah di Indonesia.Pengelompokkan ini akan menghasilkan titik – titik pusat penyebaran kasus COVID -19. Salah satu algoritma Clustering adalah K-Means yang mengunakan beberapa kelompok untuk penempatan beberapa data dengan sistem partisi. Data-data tanpa label kelas diterima oleh Algoritma ini. Dikarenakan pandemi global yang terjadi banyak pihak berupaya ikut berperan serta dalam mengatasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk penerapan dalam penyebaran pandemi covid-19 di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini mengunakan algoritma K-Means untuk menentukan bagaimana tingkat penyebaran covid-19 di daerah-daerah yang ada di Indonesia.Kata kunci - Algoritma, K-Means , COVID-19, Penyebaran, Pandemi
Modifikasi Metode Hill Chiper Menggunakan Fungsi Himpunan Fuzzy dan Kode ASCII
Authors: P Noviyanti , Arius Dony 
Published: January 2022

Abstract - Maintaining the confidentiality of a message is important to do so that it can keep the message reaching a person or organization safely without being noticed by an irresponsible person. There are several methods used to maintain the security or confidentiality of a message commonly referred to as cryptography, one of which is the Hill Chipper method. The Hill Chipper method is a type of symmetric method or algorithm. The research carried out aims to make modifications to the method with symmetric algorithms, namely Hill Chipper. By doing the modification it is hoped that the cryptanalysis will not easily open a ciphertext and this modification also aims to provide better message security and have a more varied plaintext. Modifications made are by combining the matrix with the fuzzy set function and the ASCII code. The encryption process produces a matrix and symbols according to the number of plaintexts entered. While the decryption process is done by entering the ciphertext matrix, initial key and ciphertext symbols obtained from the encryption process so that the plaintext is returned. In this study using MatLab. The plaintext can be in the form of uppercase, lowercase letters, numbers, and some of the symbols contained in the ASCII code.Keywords - Hill Chipper Modification, Fuzzy Set Function, Cryptography, and ASCII Code. Abstrak - Menjaga kerahasiaan sebuah pesan penting untuk dilakukan agar dapat menjaga pesan sampai pada seseorang atau organisasi dengan aman tanpa diketahui oleh orang yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Terdapat beberapa metode yang digunakan untuk menjaga keamanan atau kerahasiaan sebuah pesan yang biasa disebut juga dengan kriptografi, salah satunya adalah metode Hill Chiper. Metode Hill Chiper merupakan salah satu jenis metode atau algoritma simetris. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk melakukan modifikasi terhadap metode dengan algoritma simetris, yaitu Hill Chiper. Dengan dilakukannya modifikasi diharapkan agar para kriptanalisis tidak mudah membuka sebuah chiperteks dan modifikasi ini juga bertujuan untuk memberikan keamanan pesan agar lebih baik dan memiliki plainteks yang lebih bervariasi pula. Modifikasi yang dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan kombinasi antara matriks dengan fungsi himpunan fuzzy dan kode ASCII. Proses enkripsi menghasilkan matriks dan simbol sesuai dengan jumlah plainteks yang dimasukkan. Sedangkan proses dekripsi dilakukan dengan memasukkan matriks chiperteks, kunci awal dan simbol chiperteks yang diperoleh dari proses enkripsi sehingga dihasilkan plainteks kembali. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan MatLab. Plainteks dapat berupa huruf besar, huruf kecil, angka, dan beberapa simbol yang terdapat pada kode ASCII.Kata Kunci - Modifikasi Hill Chiper, Fungsi Himpunan Fuzzy, Kriptografi, dan Kode ASCII.
Aplikasi Simulasi Algoritma Penjadwalan Sistem Operasi
Authors: Putri Raissa Amanda 
Published: January 2022

Abstract - In the operating system course, various scheduling algorithms with complex calculations are studied. The scheduling algorithms that are often used are FIFO (First-in, first out) or FCFS (first come, first serve), SJF (Shortest Job First), RR (Round robin) and SRF (Shortest remaining first). Unfortunately, the scheduling algorithm learning method often only uses the Gantt Chart as a tool for its calculations. For this reason, the researcher intends to design and build a desktop-based operating system scheduling algorithm simulation application as a learning medium for operating system courses. The application built can simulate four types of queues, namely FIFO (First-in, first out) or FCFS (first come, first serve), SJF (Shortest Job First), RR (Round robin) and SRF (Shortest remaining first). This application performs a simulation by calculating the start time, completion time, response time and waiting time for each process. In addition, the system also produces the results of the average response time and average waiting time, as well as a gantt chart of the entire process.Keywords - Application, Simulation, Operating System, Scheduling Algorithm. Abstrak - Dalam mata kuliah sistem operasi, berbagai algoritma penjadwalan dengan perhitungan yang kompleks dipelajari. Algoritma penjadwalan yang sering digunakan adalah FIFO (First-in, first out) atau FCFS (first come, first serve), SJF (Shortest Job First), RR (Round robin) dan SRF (Shortest Remaining First). Sayangnya, metode pembelajaran algoritma penjadwalan seringkali hanya menggunakan Gantt Chart sebagai alat bantu perhitungannya. Untuk itu peneliti merancang dan membangun aplikasi simulasi algoritma penjadwalan sistem operasi berbasis desktop sebagai media pembelajaran mata kuliah sistem operasi. Aplikasi yang dibangun dapat mensimulasikan empat jenis antrian yaitu FIFO (First-in, first out) atau FCFS (first come, first serve), SJF (Shortest Job First), RR (Round robin) dan SRF (Shortest remaining first). Aplikasi ini melakukan simulasi dengan menghitung saat mulai, saat rampung, lama tanggap dan lama tunggu masing-masing proses. Selain itu, sistem juga mengeluarkan hasil rata-rata lama tanggap dan rata-rata waktu tunggu, serta gantt chart dari keseluruhan proses.Kata Kunci - Aplikasi, Simulasi, Sistem Operasi, Algoritma Penjadwalan.
PELAKSANAAN PENYEDIAAN JASA ANGKUTAN PARIWISATA TERHADAP FASILITAS BAGI PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DI KOTA DENPASAR
Authors: I Wayan Wiasta Made Arta Kusuma 
Published: January 2022

Aksesibilitas menjadi isu yang semakin popular seiring dengan meningkatnya tuntutan dari kalangan penyandang disabilitas dan lanjut usia untuk memperoleh akses yang sama. Pada transportasi publik transportasi memegang peranan penting dalam kehidupan tidak terkecuali penyandang cacat, sehingga perlu dikaji guna menyediakan jasa angkutan pariwisata terhadap fasilitas bagi penyandang disabilitas. Permasalahan yang diteliti dalam penelitian skripsi ini yaitu pelaksanaan penyediaan fasilitas bagi penyandang disabilitas pada jasa angkutan pariwisata dan kendala penyedia jasa angkutan pariwisata terhadap fasilitas bagi penyandang disabilitas pada jasa angkutan pariwisata dan bagaimana upaya untuk mengatasinya.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian skripsi ini adalah metode penelitian hukum empiris. Metode penelitian hukum empiris ini mengkaji berdasarkan teori dan praktek di kehidupan nyata.
Adapun hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah penyediaan fasilitas bagi penyandang disabilitas dalam jasa angkutan pariwisata di Kota Denpasar seluruh perusahaan di bawah pengelolaan Dinas Perhubungan tidak menyediakan fasilitas. Akses fasilitas bagi penyandang disabilitas belum sepenuhnya memadai karena kurangnya dana dan sumber daya manusia. Mengatasi hal tersebut dengan memfasilitasi mengenai fasilitas sesuai peraturan perundang-undangan
The Effects of Starspots on Spectroscopic Mass Estimates of Low-mass Young Stars
Authors: Flores C. , Connelley M. S. , Reipurth B. , Duchêne G. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Magnetic fields and mass accretion processes create dark and bright spots on the surface of young stars. These spots manifest as surface thermal inhomogeneities, which alter the global temperature measured on the stars. To understand the effects and implications of these starspots, we conducted a large iSHELL high-resolution infrared spectroscopic survey of T Tauri stars in Taurus-Auriga and Ophiuchus star-forming regions. From the K-band spectra, we measured stellar temperatures and magnetic field strengths using a magnetic radiative transfer code. We compared our infrared-derived parameters against literature optical temperatures and found (a) a systematic temperature difference between optical and infrared observations, and (b) a positive correlation between the magnetic field strengths and the temperature differences. The discrepant temperature measurements imply significant differences in the inferred stellar masses from stellar evolutionary models. To discern which temperature better predicts the mass of the star, we compared our model-derived masses against dynamical masses measured from Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and the Plateau de Bure Interferometer for a subsample of our sources. From this comparison we conclude that, in the range of stellar masses from 0.3 to 1.3 M
⊙, neither infrared nor optical temperatures perfectly reproduce the stellar dynamical masses. But, on average, infrared temperatures produce more precise and accurate stellar masses than optical ones.
Relations between Mid-infrared Dust Emission and UV Extinction
Authors: Massa Derck , Gordon Karl D. , Fitzpatrick E. L. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We analyze low-resolution Spitzer infrared (IR) 5−14 μm spectra of the diffuse emission toward a carefully selected sample of stars. The sample is composed of sight lines toward stars that have well-determined ultraviolet (UV) extinction curves and that are shown to lie beyond effectively all of the extinguishing and emitting dust along their lines of sight. Our sample includes sight lines whose UV curve extinction curves exhibit a wide range of curve morphology and that sample a variety of interstellar environments. As a result, this unique sample enabled us to study the connection between the extinction and emission properties of the same grains, and to examine their response to different physical environments. We quantify the emission features in terms of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) model given by Draine & Li and a set on additional features not known to be related to PAH emission. We compare the intensities of the different features in the Spitzer mid-infrared spectra with the Fitzpatrick & Massa parameters that describe the shapes of UV to near-infrared extinction curves. Our primary result is that there is a strong correlation between the area of the 2175 Å UV bump in the extinction curves of the program stars and the strengths of the major PAH emission features in the mid-infrared spectra for the same lines of sight.
Frequency-resolved Lags in UV/Optical Continuum Reverberation Mapping
Authors: Cackett Edward M. , Zoghbi Abderahmen , Ulrich Otho 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In recent years, continuum-reverberation mapping involving high-cadence UV/optical monitoring campaigns of nearby active galactic nuclei has been used to infer the size of their accretion disks. One of the main results from these campaigns has been that in many cases the accretion disks appear too large, by a factor of 2–3, compared to standard models. Part of this may be due to diffuse continuum emission from the broad-line region (BLR), which is indicated by excess lags around the Balmer jump. Standard cross-correlation lag-analysis techniques are usually used to just recover the peak or centroid lag and cannot easily distinguish between reprocessing from the disk and BLR. However, frequency-resolved lag analysis, where the lag is determined at each Fourier frequency, has the potential to separate out reprocessing on different size scales. Here we present simulations to demonstrate the potential of this method and then apply a maximum-likelihood approach to determine frequency-resolved lags in NGC 5548. We find that the lags in NGC 5548 generally decrease smoothly with increasing frequency, and are not easily described by accretion-disk reprocessing alone. The standard cross-correlation lags are consistent with lags at frequencies lower than 0.1 day−1, indicating they are dominated from reprocessing at size scales greater than ∼10 light days. A combination of a more distant reprocessor, consistent with the BLR, along with a standard-sized accretion disk is more consistent with the observed lags than a larger disk alone.
Simulating the Ion-trapping Acceleration at Rippled Reconnection Fronts
Authors: Bai Kun , Yu Yiqun , Huang Hongtao , Cao Jinbin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Reconnection fronts (RFs) play a vital role in particle acceleration and energy transport in the terrestrial magnetosphere. It is widely believed that RFs have planar monotonic profiles that determine the particle dynamics. However, recent in situ studies have revealed that the front surface is not planar as expected but rather rippled. How the surface irregularities of RFs’ impact particle energization and transport is still an open issue. Using a particle-tracing technique, we traced the trajectories of ions near fronts with or without surface ripples at different scales to understand how ions are mediated by such rippled structures. We find that the ion relative energy gain increases considerably when the rippled surface of RFs appears. The main acceleration mechanism is ion-trapping acceleration, in which ions are confined at the RFs for a longer time by the rippled structure and are accelerated by the duskward electric field. Moreover, ions can be accelerated effectively when their gyroradius is comparable to the size of the ripple. Formulas of relative energy gain as a function of the ripple size are presented.