bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement and optional classifiers in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Chen Yi-Hsun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a compositional analysis of the fact that Mandarin individuating classifiers are systematically optional in various degree constructions (see also Lin & Schaeffer 2018 for experimental evidence), by taking a mixed approach incorporating the insights from Chierchia (1998; 2010) that Mandarin nouns denote kind terms and individuating classifiers offer the level of individuation and those from Krifka (1995) that (bare) numerals do not encode the cardinality function. By considering (bare) numerals as degree terms (e.g., Hackl 2001; Nouwen 2010; Rett 2014; Kennedy 2015, among many others), the mixed approach advocated here embraces the hypothesis that the locus of variation between English and Mandarin lies in neither the semantics of nouns nor that of numerals, but in the measure operators: these linguistic elements (including sortal/individuating classifiers) are necessary to mediate between numerals and nouns to avoid the semantic type-mismatch. The proposed analysis of individuating classifiers not only explains the role of Mandarin individuating classifiers in degree constructions (i.e., their syntactic optionality, along with a semantic variation in the dimension of comparison), but also closely connects with Bale & Barner’s (2009) idea about quantity judgments that comparative constructions can be used as a reliable diagnostic of the mass-count distinction in natural languages beyond English. Specifically, the fact that Mandarin unclassified nouns allow both cardinality and non-cardinality monotonic dimensions in a variety of degree constructions based on quantity judgments indicates that they are mass-count neutral; a tentative semantics of Mandarin nouns for their mass-count neutrality is thus suggested. Some factors leading to the individuation of nouns are also discussed.
Man’s best friend and our shared infectious diseases
Authors: Macpherson Maxine L.A. , Pinckney Rhonda , Sylvester Wayne , Bidaisee Satesh , Macpherson Calum N.L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

This review categorizes 62 zoonoses humans share with dogs based on their clinical, public health importance, and global distribution. Three categories were identified. Category 1 comprise the most widespread and public health important zoonoses and includes 13 zoonoses where dogs play an essential role in the maintenance and transmission of the infectious organisms. This category comprises
Rabies lyssavirus
,
Leptospirosis, Leishmania, Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei
spp
., Clonorchis sinsensis, Opisthorchis viverrini, Paragonimus
spp
., Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multilocularis, Taenia multiceps, Dracunculus medinensis, Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma
spp
.,
and
Strongyloides stercoralis.
Category 2 includes 24 zoonoses of lesser public health importance in which human or dog behavior plays a major role in transmission. Category 2 includes,
Microsporum
spp
., Prevotella
spp
., Bacteroides
spp
., Porphyromonas
spp
., Bergeyella zoohelcum, Neisseria
spp
., Pasteurella
spp
., Capnocytophaga canimorsus, Staphylococcus
spp
., Streptococcus
spp
., Salmonella
spp
., Anaplasma
spp
., Ehrlichia
spp
., Borrelia
spp
., Rickettsia
spp
., Yersina pestis, Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium
spp
., Toxoplasma gondii, Dibothriocephalus latum, Spirometra
spp
., Schistosoma
spp
., Echinococcus canadensis,
and
Sarcoptes scabei var canis.
Category 3 includes human infection where the zoonotic infection link is rare but has occasionally implicated dogs. This category includes SARS-CoV-2,
Bordetella bronchiseptica, Mycobacterium
spp
., Corynebacterium
spp
., Coxiella burnetti, Helicobacter
spp.
, Campylobacter
spp
., Brucella canis, Balantioides coli, Blastocystis hominis, Bacillus anthracis, Dipylidium caninum, Taenia
spp
., Trichuris vulpis, Gnathostoma
spp
., Thelazia
spp
., Dirofilaria
spp
., Onchocera lupi, Heterophyes heterophyes, Metagonimus
spp.
, Fasciolopsis buski, Ctenocephalides felis, Cheyletiella
spp
., Otodectes cynotis
, and
Cochliomya homnivorax
. Changes in human behavior and control of canine infection would reduce the public health importance of these zoonoses.
The new discontinuous Galerkin methods based numerical relativity program Nmesh
Authors: Tichy Wolfgang , Ji Liwei , Adhikari Ananya , Rashti Alireza , Pirog Michal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Interpreting gravitational wave observations and understanding the physics of astrophysical compact objects such as black holes or neutron stars requires accurate theoretical models. Here, we present a new numerical relativity computer program, called Nmesh, that has the design goal to become a next generation program for the simulation of challenging relativistic astrophysics problems such as binary black hole or neutron star mergers. In order to efficiently run on large supercomputers, Nmesh uses a discontinuous Galerkin method together with a domain decomposition and mesh refinement that parallelizes and scales well. In this work, we discuss the various numerical methods we use. We also present results of test problems such as the evolution of scalar waves, single black holes and neutron stars, as well as shock tubes. In addition, we introduce a new positivity limiter that allows us to stably evolve single neutron stars without an additional artificial atmosphere, or other more traditional limiters.
Flight and ground demonstration of reproducibility and stability of photoelectric properties for passive charge management using LEDs
Authors: Buchman S , Al Saud T S M , Alfauwaz A , Byer R l , Klupar P , Lipa J , Lui C Y , Saraf S , Wang S , Worden P 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCharges as small as 1 pC degrade the performance of high precision inertial reference instruments when accumulated on their test masses (TMs). Non-contact charge management systems are required for the most sensitive of these instruments, with the TMs free-floating, and their charges compensated by photoelectrons in a feedback loop with a TM charge measurement. Three space missions have successfully demonstrated this technique: the Relativity Mission, Gravity Probe-B launched in 2004, the LISA Pathfinder launched in 2015, and the UV-LED mission launched on SaudiSat 4 in 2014; with the first two using the 254 nm Hg discharge line and the last one a set of 255 nm UV-LEDs. UV-LEDs represent a significant improvement over the discharge sources, in terms of reliability, lifetime, switching speeds, power consumption, weight, and volume. Charge management techniques that eliminate the charge measurement and feedback systems, referred henceforth as passive, reduce the complexities and disturbance effects introduced by these systems, and are thus the subject of active research and development work. Passive charge management (PCM) depends critically on the stability and reproducibility of the photoemission properties of a given system. In support of this work, we present comprehensive flight characterization data for a suite of 16 UV-LEDs in various configurations and 255 ± 1 nm center wavelength. Flight data was acquired between December 2014 and December 2015 with the UV-LED instrument flown on SaudiSat 4. We back up our results with ground-based measurements performed in configurations comparable to the flight one between 4 September 2020, and 8 October 2020. All results confirm the excellent reliability of the UV-LEDs in the space environment, are fully consistent with the findings of ground studies, and support the approach of using LEDs for PCM. We find that the equilibrium potential of the TM, under illumination by the 255 nm LEDs, is independent of the UV intensity and reproduceable to about ≅±6 mV, or ±6 fC pF−1, over periods of up to six months. The value of the equilibrium potential is dependent on the geometry of the electric field between the TM and its enclosure, and thus on the exact configuration of the PCM instrument.
Comment on ‘The Polarizability of a confined atomic system: an application of the Dalgarno–Lewis method’
Authors: Maize M A , Smetanka J J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In a recent paper (2021 Eur. J. Phys.
42 045407), Antão and Peres study both the static and dynamic polarizability of a bound system. The binding potential they consider is the one-dimensional Dirac delta. The authors use the Dalgarno and Lewis method to calculate the polarizabilities to demonstrate its effectiveness in perturbation calculations. The authors left out essential steps in applying the time-dependent perturbation method to derive the expression for the dynamic electric polarizability. In addition, references that are useful to the paper are missing. To aid our comment, we first give a summary of the Dalgarno and Lewis method. Second, we present the work of the authors in deriving the dynamic electric polarizability. We follow by presenting the time-dependent perturbation method, which is needed to derive the expression for the dynamic electric polarizability. In the process, we will provide some essential references, which will be of value to the subject of the paper.
The fundamental concepts of the gravity-assist manoeuvre
Authors: Berg P 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A typical undergraduate course in mechanics does not cover the fascinating and important gravity-assist manoeuvre that allows satellites or other spacecrafts to navigate through our solar system on efficient and desired paths. Instead, it usually remains a mystery to students how energy is conserved when a spacecraft gains speed as it flies past a planet. Indeed, one might be led to believe that the curved path of the planet is the root cause for the gain in speed, requiring consideration of gravity-assist within the framework of the restricted three-body problem. This contribution will emphasize that this extension is not required to explain the gain in kinetic energy. Instead, a simple, scaffolded analysis of the planet-satellite system alone, using elementary physics, two reference frames and analytical methods, provides a sufficient explanation. Our simplified analysis is successfully validated against mission data from Voyager 2's gravity-assist manoeuvre around Jupiter.
Pulsed Townsend measurements with mixtures of C4F7N and C5F10O up to 1800 Td
Authors: Vemulapalli Hanut , Franck Christian M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Effective ionization rate, bulk drift velocity and bulk longitudinal diffusion coefficient for electron swarms in mixtures consisting of either C4F7N or C5F10O in atmospheric gases—CO2, N2 and O2 are measured using a Pulsed Townsend setup. Measurements are carried out between 100 Td and 1800 Td.
Statefinder diagnosis of Tsallis holographic dark energy model in f(R, T) Theory
Authors: Amet Memet Melis , Aktaş Can 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, Tsallis Holographic Dark Energy (THDE) was studied in the framework of f(R, T) gravitational theory by taking into consideration the homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi-I spacetime. The Hubble horizon was chosen as IR cutoff of the system. To obtain solutions of field equations, THDE density and a form of Hubble parameter were used. Additionally, various physical parameters such as energy of state parameter, deceleration parameter and scale factor have been discussed. The characteristics and parameters of the model have been also examined by plotting their evolution graphics for redshift z. Furthermore, statefinder parameters, which are effective tools for separating dark energy models, have been explored. By the illustration of trajectory in r − s plane, it is found that this model behaves like Chaplygin gas at initial stage, then ranging in quintessence region it finally approaches to Λ Cold Dark Matter. Lastly, from the evolutions of r − q and s − q planes it is seen that the model evolves to the De Sitter expansion point.
Constraining primordial tensor features with the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background
Authors: Hamann Jan , Malhotra Ameek 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It is commonly assumed that the stochastic background of gravitational waves on cosmological scales follows an almost scale-independent power spectrum, as generically predicted by the inflationary paradigm. However, it is not inconceivable that the spectrum could have strongly scale-dependent features, generated, e.g., via transient dynamics of spectator axion-gauge fields during inflation. Using the temperature and polarisation maps from the Planck and BICEP/Keck datasets, we search for such features, taking the example of a log-normal bump in the primordial tensor spectrum at CMB scales. We do not find any evidence for the existence of bump-like tensor features at present, but demonstrate that future CMB experiments such as LiteBIRD and CMB-S4 will greatly improve our prospects of determining the amplitude, location and width of such a bump. We also highlight the role of delensing in constraining these features at angular scales ℓ ≳ 100.
Design and rationale of randomized evaluation of decreased usage of beta-blockers after acute myocardial infarction (REDUCE-AMI)
Authors: Yndigegn Troels , Lindahl Bertil , Alfredsson Joakim , Benatar Jocelyne , Brandin Lisa , Erlinge David , Haaga Urban , Held Claes , Johansson Pelle , Karlström Patric , Kellerth Thomas , Marandi Toomas , Mars Katarina , Ravn-Fischer Annica , Sundström Johan , Östlund Ollie , Hofmann Robin , Jernberg Tomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Aims
Most trials showing benefit of beta-blocker treatment after myocardial infarction (MI) included patients with large MIs and are from an era before modern biomarker-based MI diagnosis and reperfusion treatment. The aim of the randomized evaluation of decreased usage of beta-blockers after acute myocardial infarction (REDUCE-AMI) trial is to determine whether long-term oral beta-blockade in patients with an acute MI and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) reduces the composite endpoint of death of any cause or recurrent MI.

Methods and results
It is a registry-based, randomized, parallel, open-label, multicentre trial performed at 38 centres in Sweden, 1 centre in Estonia, and 6 centres in New Zealand. About 5000 patients with an acute MI who have undergone coronary angiography and with EF ≥ 50% will be randomized to long-term treatment with beta-blockade or not. The primary endpoint is the composite endpoint of death of any cause or new non-fatal MI. There are several secondary endpoints, including all-cause death, cardiovascular death, new MI, readmission because of heart failure and atrial fibrillation, symptoms, functional status, and health-related quality of life after 6–10 weeks and after 1 year of treatment. Safety endpoints are bradycardia, AV-block II-III, hypotension, syncope or need for pacemaker, asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and stroke.

Conclusion
The results from REDUCE-AMI will add important evidence regarding the effect of beta-blockers in patients with MI and preserved EF and may change guidelines and clinical practice.
Five-year changes in alcohol intake and risk of atrial fibrillation: a Danish cohort study
Authors: Frederiksen Tanja Charlotte , Christiansen Morten Krogh , Benjamin Emelia J , Overvad Kim , Olsen Anja , Dahm Christina Catherine , Jensen Henrik Kjærulf 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Aims
Alcohol intake is a well-established risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, evidence on the effects of changes in alcohol intake to primary AF prevention is sparse. The aim of this study was to examine the association between 5-year changes in alcohol intake and the risk of incident AF.

Methods and results
This study was based on the Danish cohort study Diet, Cancer and Health. Lifestyle factors were assessed using questionnaires at a recruitment research examination and a second examination 5 years later. Diagnoses of AF and comorbidities were retrieved from the Danish National Patient Registry. 43 758 participants without prior AF were included. The median age was 61 (25th–75th percentile 58–66) years and 54% were female. Over a median follow-up time of 15.7 years, 5312 participants had incident AF (incidence rate 8.6/1000 person-years). Compared with stable intake, increases in alcohol intake to ≥21 drinks/week from ≤6.9 drinks/week (HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.09–1.72) or 14–20.9 drinks/week (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.01–1.59) at baseline were associated with a higher risk of AF. In contrast, we did not observe a statistically significant association between reductions in alcohol intake and the risk of AF.

Conclusion
A 5-year increase in alcohol intake was associated with a greater risk of AF compared with a stable low/moderate intake.
CDMAP/CDVIS: context-dependent mutation analysis package and visualization software
Authors: Patton David L , Cardenas Thomas , Mele Perrin , Navarro Jon , Sung Way 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Context-dependent Mutation Analysis Package and Visualization Software (CDMAP/CDVIS) is an automated, modular toolkit used for the analysis and visualization of context-dependent mutation patterns (site-specific variation in mutation rate from neighboring-nucleotide effects). The CDMAP computes context-dependent mutation rates using a Variant Call File (VCF), Genbank file, and reference genome and can generate high-resolution figures to analyze variation in mutation rate across spatiotemporal scales. This algorithm has been benchmarked against mutation accumulation data but can also be used to calculate context-dependent mutation rates for polymorphism or closely related species as long as the input requirements are met. Output from CDMAP can be integrated into CDVIS, an interactive database for visualizing mutation patterns across multiple taxa simultaneously.
Sustainability concerns in EU merger control: from output-maximising to polycentric innovation competition
Authors: Deutscher Elias , Makris Stavros 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article examines whether sustainability concerns play and should play any role in EU merger control. While competition authorities have commenced exploring pathways to excuse prima facie anticompetitive mergers on sustainability grounds, little progress has been made in setting out whether and under which conditions mergers that adversely affect sustainability parameters can be found anticompetitive. Under the EU merger control regime, the adverse effects of mergers on sustainability are only cognizable as innovation-related issues, as recently evidenced in Dow/Dupont and Bayer/Monsanto. In these cases, the Commission pioneered a novel approach aimed at predicting the impact of a merger not only on prices but also on innovation competition. This theory of harm, although a welcome improvement to the current framework of merger analysis, fails to accommodate all competition-relevant sustainability concerns because of its exclusive focus on innovation capabilities, efforts, and output. On this basis, we argue that innovation competition should not be understood only as an output-maximizing device but also as a polycentric process under which independent decision-makers pursue various innovation paths. Such an approach gives prominence to the diversity, quality, and direction of innovation and constitutes an alternative to the predominant output-centred understanding of innovation. To operationalize this notion of innovation competition as a polycentric process we explore four pathways: adopting quality-related and sustainability-sensitive innovation metrics; using indicators of industry-wide structural effects; endorsing a structural filter; and protecting nascent competitors. Adding such an approach to the existing analytical framework would, arguably, enable the Commission to deal with all sustainability concerns related to the notion of innovation competition.
“Kind of Mine, Kind of Not”: Digital Possessions and Affordance Misalignment
Authors: Mardon Rebecca , Denegri-Knott Janice , Molesworth Mike 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe objects we consume increasingly exist in digital form, from audiobooks and digital photographs to social media profiles and avatars. Digital objects are often argued to be less valued, personally meaningful, and self-relevant than their physical counterparts and are consequently dismissed as poor candidates for possession. Yet, studies have identified highly meaningful, even irreplaceable, digital possessions. In this article, we account for these contradictory narratives surrounding digital possessions, arguing that digital objects are not inherently unsuited to possession, but rather their affordances may not align with consumers’ imagined affordances (i.e., the object affordances that consumers anticipate). Drawing from a qualitative study of 25 consumers and their digital possessions, we identify three recurring types of affordance misalignment—missing affordances, covert affordances, and deficient affordances—that mediate how consumers and digital objects interact (pragmatic mediation) and, consequently, consumers’ experiences of, and beliefs surrounding, digital objects as possessions (hermeneutic mediation). We demonstrate that these affordance misalignments can create obstacles to consumers’ desired experiences of possession and document consumers’ attempts to overcome these obstacles by employing alignment strategies, with varied behavioral outcomes. This article advances debates surrounding digital possessions and presents an enriched affordance theory lens that provides new insights into possession.
Salusins: advance in cardiovascular disease research
Authors: Chen Ming-xin , Deng Bo-yan , Liu Shu-ting , Wang Zong-bao , Wang Shu-zhi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Salusins are discovered in 2003 and divided into salusin-α and salusin-β, which are bioactive peptides with hemodynamic and mitotic activity and mainly distributed in plasma, urine, endocrine glands and kidneys. A large number of studies have shown that salusins can regulate lipid metabolism, inflammatory response and vascular proliferation. Despite the profound and diverse physiological properties of salusins, the exact mechanism of their cardiovascular effects remains to be determined. The potential mechanisms of action of salusins in cardiovascular-related diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction and myocarditis, and their use as biomarkers of cardiovascular disease are discussed. This review aims to provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and prevention of clinical cardiovascular diseases.
Flavonoids as new regulators of mitochondrial potassium channels: contribution to cardioprotection
Authors: Kampa Rafał P , Sęk Aleksandra , Bednarczyk Piotr , Szewczyk Adam , Calderone Vincenzo , Testai Lara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Acute myocardial ischemia is one of the major causes of illness in western society. Reduced coronary blood supply leads to cell death and loss of cardiomyocyte population, resulting in serious and often irreversible consequences on myocardial function. Mitochondrial potassium (mitoK) channels have been identified as fine regulators of mitochondrial function and, consequently, in the metabolism of the whole cell, and in the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotection. Interestingly, mitoK channels represent a novel putative target for treating cardiovascular diseases, particularly myocardial infarction, and their modulators represent an interesting tool for pharmacological intervention. In this review, we took up the challenge of selecting flavonoids that show cardioprotective properties through the activation of mitoK channels.

Key findings
A brief overview of the main information on mitoK channels and their participation in the induction of cytoprotective processes was provided. Then, naringenin, quercetin, morin, theaflavin, baicalein, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, puerarin, luteolin and proanthocyanidins demonstrated to be effective modulators of mitoK channels activity, mediating many beneficial effects.

Summary
The pathophysiological role of mitoK channels has been investigated as well as the impact of flavonoids on this target with particular attention to their potential role in the prevention of cardiovascular disorders.