bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A theory of the anxiolytic action of flumazenil in anxiety disorders
Authors: Gallo Alexander T , Hulse Gary K 
Published: April 2022

Background: Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent affecting up to 33.7% of people over a lifetime. Although many treatment options are available, they are often associated with unacceptable side-effect profiles and approximately one in three patients are treatment resistant. Allopregnanolone, a neuroactive steroid acting as a positive allosteric modulator at the GABAA receptor, is synthesised in response to stress and acts to negatively modulate the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Findings: After chronic exposure to and withdrawal from allopregnanolone, an increase in α4β2δ GABAA receptors results in a reduced inhibitory effect of allopregnanolone, resulting in decreased inhibition and, therefore, increased neuronal excitability. The relationship between allopregnanolone and increased α4β2δ GABAA receptors has been demonstrated in animal models during methamphetamine withdrawal and puberty, events both associated with stress. The effect of allopregnanolone during these events is anxiogenic, a paradoxical action to its usual anxiolytic effects. Flumazenil, the GABAA receptor antagonist, has been shown to cause receptor internalisation of α4β2δ GABAA receptors, which may results in anxiolysis. Conclusion: We propose that chronic stress and chronic exposure to and withdrawal from allopregnanolone in anxiety disorders result in alterations in GABAA receptor function, which can be corrected by flumazenil. As such, flumazenil may exhibit anxiolytic properties in patients with increased α4β2δ GABAA receptor expression.
In vivo assessment of genotoxic effects in Cyprinus carpio L., 1758 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) exposed to selected metal(oid)s
Authors: Kontaş Seda 
Published: April 2022

Heavy metals and metalloids originating from industrial, agricultural, and urban wastes and increasing in aquatic ecosystems cause genotoxic damage to fish species. This study aimed to determine the potential genotoxic effects of mixtures of aluminum, arsenic, and manganese in Cyprinus carpio. The effects of the mixtures on erythrocyte cells of C. carpio were examined using the comet assay, micronucleus test, and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities in two groups after exposure to three doses of the mixtures (Group A; Dose 1: 0.3 + 0.1 + 0.02 mg/L, Dose 2: 0.6 + 0.2 + 0.04 mg/L, Dose 3: 0.9 + 0.3 + 0.06 mg/L and Group B; Dose 1: 1 + 3 +0.1 mg/L, Dose 2: 2 + 6 + 0.2 mg/L, Dose 3: 3 + 9 + 0.3 mg/L). Experimental groups were formed according to the permissible limits specified in the Turkish Surface Water Quality Regulation (TSWQR). The results of comet assay parameters such as tail DNA %, tail moment, and olive tail moment confirmed the genotoxic effect of metal(oid)s mixtures on erythrocyte cells compared with control groups and showed that DNA damage increased with increasing the concentrations. The micronucleus and other nuclear abnormalities such as blebbed nuclei, notched nuclei, eightshaped nuclei, lobed nuclei, and binucleated cells were detected in the erythrocyte cells exposed to the mixtures. Consequently, it was found that the frequency of micronucleus and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities significantly increased in the erythrocyte cells exposed to metal(oid) concentrations compared to control groups. These results show the existence of potential genotoxicity in C. carpio even at the minimum values specified in the TSWQR after exposure to the mixtures.
Barriers and Facilitators Influencing Arab Muslim Immigrant and Refugee Women’s Breast Cancer Screening: A Narrative Review
Authors: Racine Louise , Isik Andsoy Isil 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: This narrative review identifies barriers and facilitators influencing breast cancer screening among Arab Muslim immigrants and refugees. Low participation rates create health inequities in breast cancer screening among this population. Method: A systematic search of peer-reviewed empirical articles was performed. PRISMA, CASP, and MMAT checklists were used to appraise the studies. Results: Results include 3 themes: individual, health care system and health providers, and cultural factors. Discussion: Lack of fluency in the new country’s language, lack of knowledge, and poor exposure to breast cancer screening may contribute to the Arab Muslim women’s vulnerability to undiagnosed or delayed breast cancer diagnosis.
A Longitudinal Study of Police Differential Response Team Impact on Crime in Houston: A Test of Broken Windows Thesis
Authors: Zhao Jihong , Zhang Yan 
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study is to partially test the broken windows thesis, and to evaluate the effect of Houston’s Differential Response Team (DRT) in particular at the patrol division level using crime-related calls for service data (CFS) in the city. Monthly DRT assignment data over a period of 13 years in five different space-time patterns were utilized to estimate the effect of targeted disorder enforcement from 2005 to 2017. Our findings suggest that the DRT overall did not produce significant effects on crime-related calls, with only one out of five space-time patterns showing demonstrable benefit. We highlighted the underlying features generating differential rates of crime across geographic areas as an explanation in the discussion section. The unique feature of this study was the focus on routine police activities as opposed to arrests as the key indicator of law enforcement intervention in the management of crime.
Investigation of the Antiangiogenic Properties of Zoledronic Acid by Using Chorioallantoic Membrane Model
Authors: Gulcu Anil , Akkaya Ozgur 
Published: April 2022

Objective Zoledronic acid (ZA) is a bisphosphonate-derived agent used in osteoporotic clinical pathologies to prevent the development of complications such as fractures and hypercalcemia by regulating bone metabolism. Studies have been conducted on the antiangiogenic efficacy of this agent, which also has other systemic side effects. In this study, the dose-dependent antiangiogenic activity of ZA was investigated on the chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM). Methods Three doses (10−4, 10−5, and 10−6 M concentrations) of drug pellets were prepared with ZA and another pellet was prepared as the positive control group with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor agent bevacizumab (10−6 M concentration). Thereafter all pellets were placed on chorioallantoic membranes on the fourth day of egg incubation. All eggs were evaluated for capillary development four days after the drug application. Results The highest antiangiogenic effect was detected in the positive control group. Moreover, incremental antiangiogenic effects were detected with average scores of .9, 1.1, 1.2 in 10−6, 10−5, and 10−4 M concentrations of ZA groups respectively. Conclusion Our findings supported that ZA has dose-dependent antiangiogenic effects. This result suggests that different dosing may be required in cases where angiogenesis is therapeutic.
Impact of Aerobic High-Intensity Interval Training Intervention and Mediterranean Diet Recommendations on Health-Related Quality of Life and Lifestyle Modification in Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: Results From the INTERFARCT Surveys
Authors: Jayo-Montoya Jon A. , Jurio-Iriarte Borja , Aispuru Gualberto R. , Villar-Zabala Beatriz , Blanco-Guzman Sonia , Maldonado-Martin Sara 
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the impact of 2 (low vs high volume) high-intensity interval training (HIIT) programs with Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) recommendations on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and lifestyle modification, and to examine the relationships between the changes in anxiety and depression with HRQoL and lifestyle variables after myocardial infarction (MI). Participants (n = 80) were randomized to attention control or one of the two supervised HIIT groups (2 d/weeks). Surveys before and after intervention (16 weeks): HRQoL (SF-36), anxiety and depression (HADS), MedDiet adherence (MEDAS), and physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) levels. After intervention, there were improvements ( P < .05) in HRQoL, HADS scores, and MedDiet adherence, with higher PA level in both HIIT groups with no between-HIIT group differences. The HADS score decline correlated ( P < .05) with both the increase in physical component of SF-36 ( r = .42), the overall metabolic expenditure ( r = .26), and adherence to the MedDiet ( r = .24), and the reduction in the SB ( r = .35). HIIT exercise intervention with MedDiet recommendations improved HRQoL, along with reduced anxiety and depression symptoms, and a healthier lifestyle after MI. Better mental health was related to higher values of PA and MedDiet adherence.
Fear Not: Utilizing Simulation for Medical Malpractice Education
Authors: Hughes Kate E. , Cahir Thomas M. , Nordlund Diana , Keim Samuel M. , Hughes Patrick G. 
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION Medical malpractice payouts across specialties totaled over $4.03 billion USD in 2019. It is estimated that over 72% of Emergency Medicine (EM) physicians will be involved in a medical malpractice lawsuit by age 55. The majority of EM residencies do not include adequate education on medicolegal risk mitigation and litigation. The purpose of the study is implementation of an innovative interprofessional simulation to target this education gap. METHODS An anonymous pre- and post-survey was distributed to participating EM providers electronically. The surveys evaluated baseline medicolegal knowledge, self-rated deposition comfort and concern regarding malpractice litigation. The simulation event involved an interactive lecture on basic tenets of medical malpractice and state legal statutes from medicolegal experts. Resident physician volunteers acted as defendant physicians during simulated depositions using a redacted, closed malpractice case. RESULTS Eighty EM providers attended the event over two days. All attendees completed the pre-survey (80/80), and 66.3% (53/80) completed the post-survey. The majority incorrectly answered 4 of 5 medicolegal questions. The mean comfort level regarding being deposed is 1.53 ± 0.94 on a 1-5 Likert scale (extremely uncomfortable to extremely comfortable); the mean level of concern/fear of malpractice litigation is 3.38 ± 0.95 on a 1-5 Likert scale (not at all to extremely concerned). There was a statistically significant increase in deposition comfort level post-event (1.83, P < .01). CONCLUSION The majority of EM physicians are inexperienced and concerned regarding litigation. After participating in an educational event and observing a simulated deposition, physicians reported an increased comfort level regarding being deposed in the future.
Kingsgateite, ZrMo6+2O7(OH)2⋅2H2O, the first natural zirconium molybdate from Kingsgate, New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Elliott Peter , Kampf Anthony R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractKingsgateite, ZrMo6+2O7(OH)2⋅2H2O, is a new supergene mineral from the Old 25 Pipe, Kingsgate, Gough Co., New South Wales, Australia. The mineral occurs in cavities in a quartz, muscovite matrix associated with molybdenite, gelosaite and mambertiite. It forms yellowish green to bluish grey, square tabular crystals to 0.12 mm across. Kingsgateite has a white streak and a vitreous lustre. Cleavage was not observed and the fracture is uneven. The calculated density is 3.74 g/cm–3based on the empirical formula. Kingsgateite is optically biaxial (+), the calculated indices of refraction are α = 1.88, β = 1.89, γ = 1.96 and 2Vcalc= 42.6°. The pleochroism isX= light orange,Y= light yellow andZ= red brown;Y<X<Z. The mineral is tetragonal, space groupI41cd,a= 11.4626(16),c= 12.584(3) Å,V= 1653.4(6) Å3andZ= 8. Electron microprobe analysis yielded ZrO223.09, UO21.14, ThO20.76, FeO 0.62, MoO359.27, P2O50.29, SO31.25, Cl 0.16, H2O 11.62, O=Cl –0.04, total 98.16 wt.%. The empirical formula on the basis of 11 anions per formula unit is Zr0.88U6+0.02Th0.01Fe2+0.04Mo6+1.94S0.07P0.02O6.90Cl0.02OH2.08⋅2.00H2O. The crystal structure of kingsgateite, refined using synchrotron single-crystal data [R1= 4.53% for 1159 reflections withFo> 4σ(Fo)], is a framework of edge- and corner-sharing ZrO5(OH)2pentagonal bipyramids and MoO4(OH)(H2O) octahedra. Kingsgateite is isostructural with the synthetic compound ZrMo6+2O7(OH)2⋅2H2O.
Gas Leakage Detection and Pressure Difference Identification by Asymmetric Differential Pressure Method
Authors: Shi Yan , Chang Jiaqi , Wang Yixuan , Zhao Xuelin , Zhang Qingzhen , Yang Liman 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCurrently, the measurement methods for pneumatic system leakage include bubbling, ultrasonic, and pressure detection methods. These methods are sensitive to high-precision sensors, long detection times, and stable external environments. The traditional differential pressure method involves severe differential pressure fluctuations caused by environmental pressure fluctuations or electromagnetic noise interference of sensors, leading to inaccurate detection. In this paper, a differential pressure fitting method for an asymmetric differential pressure cylinder is proposed. It overcomes the limitation of the detection efficiency caused by the asynchronous temperature recovery of the two chambers in the asymmetric differential pressure method and uses the differential pressure substitution equation to replace the differential calculation of the differential pressure. The improved differential pressure method proposes an innovation based on the detection principle and calculation method. Additionally, the influence of the parameters in the differential pressure substitution equation on the leakage calculation results was simulated, and the specific physical significance of the parameters of the differential pressure substitution equation was explained. The experiments verified the fitting effect and proved the accuracy of this method. Compared with the traditional differential pressure method, the maximum leakage deviation of inhibition was 0.5 L/min. Therefore, this method can be used to detect leaks in air tanks.
Incipient speciation between host-plant strains in the fall armyworm
Authors: Durand Karine , Yainna Sudeeptha , Nam Kiwoong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Recent advancement in speciation biology proposes that genetic differentiation across the whole genome (genomic differentiation, GD) may occur at the beginning of a speciation process and that GD itself may accelerate the rate of speciation. The fall armyworm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda) has been used as a model species to study the process of speciation between diverging host-plant strains. We showed in a previous study that GD between the host-plant strains occurred at the beginning of a speciation process based on a population genomics analysis from a population in Mississippi (USA), providing empirical support for the theoretical prediction. In a recent paper, however, panmixia was reported in FAW based on the genomic analysis of 55 individuals collected from Argentina, Brazil, Kenya, Puerto Rico, and the mainland USA. If panmixia is true, the observed differentiation in Mississippi could be at most a phenomenon specific to a geographic population, rather than a status during a speciation process. In this report, we reanalyzed the resequencing data to test the existence of population structure according to host plants using different bioinformatics pipelines.

Results
Principal component analysis, FST statistics, and ancestry coefficient analysis supported genetic differentiation between strains regardless of the used bioinformatics pipelines. The strain-specific selective sweep was observed from the Z chromosome, implying the presence of strain-specific divergence selection. Z chromosome has a particularly high level of genetic differentiation between strains, while autosomes have low but significant genetic differentiation. Intriguingly, the re-sequencing dataset demonstrates the spread of Bacillus thuringiensis resistance mutations from Puerto Rico to the US mainland.

Conclusions
These results show that a pair of host-plant strains in FAW experience genomic differentiation at the beginning of a speciation process, including Z chromosome divergent selection and possibly hitchhiking effect on autosomal sequences.
Opportunities and obstacles in linking large health care registries: the primary secondary cancer care registry - breast cancer
Authors: Heins Marianne J. , de Ligt Kelly M. , Verloop Janneke , Siesling Sabine , Korevaar Joke C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The growing volume of health data provides new opportunities for medical research. By using existing registries, large populations can be studied over a long period of time. Patient-level linkage of registries leads to even more detailed and extended information per patient, but brings challenges regarding responsibilities, privacy and security, and quality of data linkage. In this paper we describe how we dealt with these challenges when creating the Primary Secondary Cancer Care Registry (PSCCR)- Breast Cancer.

Methods
The PSCCR – Breast Cancer was created by linking two existing registries containing data on 1) diagnosis, tumour and treatment characteristics of all Dutch breast cancer patients (NCR), and 2) consultations and diagnoses from primary care electronic health records of about 10% of Dutch GP practices (Nivel-PCD). The existing registry governance structures and privacy regulations were incorporated in those of the new registry. Privacy and security risks were reassessed. Data were restricted to females and linked using postal code and date of birth. The breast cancer diagnosis was verified in both registries and for a subsample of 44 patients with the GP as well.

Results
A collaboration agreement was signed in which the organisations retained data responsibility and accountability for ‘their’ registry. A Trusted Third Party performed the record linkage. Ten percent of the patients with breast cancer could be linked to the primary care registry, as was expected based on the coverage of Nivel-PCD, and finally 7 % could be included. The breast cancer diagnosis was verified by the GP in 42 of the 44 patients.

Conclusions
We developed and validated a procedure for patient-level linkage of health data registries without a unique identifier, while preserving the integrity and privacy of the original registries. The method described may help researchers wishing to link existing health data registries.
Relationship between the body mass index and the ponderal index with physical fitness in adolescent students
Authors: Cossio-Bolaños Marco , Vidal- Espinoza Rubén , Albornoz Camilo Urra , Fuentes-Lopez José , Sánchez-Macedo Lucila , Andruske Cynthia Lee , Sulla-Torres José , Campos Rossana Gómez 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The relationship between the Body Mass Index (BMI) with physical fitness in children and adolescent populations from diverse regions are consistent. However, the relationship between the Ponderal Index (PI) with physical fitness, based on what is known to date, has not been examined in depth. The objective was to evaluate the relationships between BMI and PI with three physical fitness tests of students living at moderate altitudes in Peru.

Methods
A descriptive correlational study was carried out with 385 adolescents, between the ages of 10.0 to 15.9 years old, from the province of Arequipa, Peru. Weight, height, and three physical fitness tests (horizontal jump, agility, and abdominal muscle resistance) were evaluated. BMI and PI were calculated, and they were, then, categorized into three strata (low, normal, and excessive weight). Specific regressions were calculated for sex, using a non-lineal quadratic model for each item adjusted for BMI and PI.

Results
The relationship between BMI and PI with the physical tests reflected parabolic curves that varied in both sexes. The regression values for BMI in males oscillated between R2 = 0.029 and 0.073 and for females between R2 = 0.008 and 0.091. For PI, for males, it varied from R2 = 0.044 to 0.82 and for females, from R2 = 0.011 to 0.103. No differences occurred between the three nutritional categories for BMI as well as for PI for both sexes (p range between 0.18 to 0.38), as well as for low weight (BMI vs PI), normal weight (BMI vs PI), and excessive weight (BMI vs PI) (p range between 0.35 to 0.64).

Conclusions
BMI showed inferior quadratic regressions with respect to the PI. In addition, physical performance was slightly unfavorable when it was analyzed by BMI. PI could be a useful tool for analyzing and predicting physical fitness for adolescents living at a moderate altitude since it corrects for the notable differences for weight between adolescents.
The association between reproductive history and menopausal symptoms: an evidence from the cross-sectional survey
Authors: Sharami Seyedeh Hajar , Faraji Darkhaneh Roya , Ghanami Gashti Nasrin , Mansour-Ghanaei Mandana , Bab Eghbal Sedighe 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
During menopause, women experience annoying symptoms which may affect their daily activities and quality of life. This study aimed to determine whether reproductive history, an important indicator of estrogen exposure across the lifetime, is associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms in women.

Methods
This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on 214 women aged 35–65 who were randomly selected, and data was collected by a predesigned structured questionnaire. Each item was graded by subjects and a total score was obtained by summing all subscale scores.

Results
There was a significant association between the somatic, psychological, and urogenital menopausal symptoms and reproductive characteristics. Women with a history of abortion had greater total (β = 0.194, p = 0.009), and psychological (β = 0.230, p = 0.002) symptoms score. Women with higher number of children were more likely to have higher somatic (β = 0.212, p = 0.005) symptoms than others.

Conclusions
Our findings showed reproductive factors may have an influence on the severity of menopausal symptoms. After confirmation by further studies, these findings may help target women at risk of more severe menopausal symptoms at later ages.
Greater than the sum of the parts: a qualitative content analysis of what constitutes a good treatment in the inpatient setting
Authors: Locher Cosima , Buergler Sarah , Heimgartner Nadja , Koechlin Helen , Gerger Heike , Gaab Jens , Büchi Stefan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The evaluation of psychotherapy is guided by established concepts, such as efficacy and effectiveness, and acceptability. Although these concepts serve as valid proxies, little is known about corresponding criteria for those directly involved in this treatment. This study aimed to explore inpatients’ and health professionals’ definitions of a good treatment in the inpatient setting.

Methods
Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted in a private psychiatric clinic in Switzerland and structured by qualitative content analysis. Different subsamples of the inpatient setting (patients N = 5; psychiatrists N = 5; other health professionals N = 5) were interviewed.

Results
In total, 546 text passages were grouped in 10 superordinate categories and identified as relevant for the concept of a good treatment. Participants stressed patient-specific (i.e., new insights; basic attitudes), treatment-specific (i.e., therapy methods and expertise; treatment success; therapy setting), and relationship-based (i.e., communication and feedback; relationships within the clinical setting; overcoming challenges and hurdles) components that are indispensable for a good therapeutic process. Components that are related to the clinical inpatient setting (i.e., setting and organization of the clinic; code of conduct) were also highlighted.

Conclusions
Patients’ and health professionals’ definitions of what constitutes a good treatment entails a wide array of aspects. The clinical setting is seen to offer unique components that are emphasized to have a healing effect.