bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE)
Authors: Hansen Jonah T. , Ireland Michael J. ,   the LIFE Collaboration
Published: June 2022

Aims. Optical interferometry from space for the purpose of detecting and characterising exoplanets is seeing a revival, specifically from missions such as the proposed Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE). A default assumption since the design studies of Darwin and TPF-I has been that the Emma X-array configuration is the optimal architecture for this goal. Here, we examine whether new advances in the field of nulling interferometry, such as the concept of kernel-nulling, challenge this assumption.
Methods. We develop a tool designed to derive the photon-limited signal-to-noise ratio of a large sample of simulated planets for different architecture configurations and beam combination schemes. We simulate four basic configurations: the double Bracewell/X-array, and three kernel-nullers with three, four, and five telescopes respectively.
Results. We find that a configuration of five telescopes in a pentagonal shape, using a five-aperture kernel-nulling scheme, outperforms the X-array design in both search (finding more planets) and characterisation (obtaining better signal, faster) when the total collecting area is conserved. This is especially the case when trying to detect Earth twins (temperate, rocky planets in the habitable zone), showing a 23% yield increase over the X-array. On average, we find that a five-telescope design receives 1.2 times more signal than the X-array design.
Conclusions. With the results of this simulation, we conclude that the Emma X-array configuration may not be the best choice of architecture for the upcoming LIFE mission, and that a five-telescope design utilising kernel-nulling concepts will likely provide better scientific return for the same collecting area, provided that technical solutions for the required achromatic phase shifts can be implemented.
Warp and flare of the Galactic disc revealed with supergiants by Gaia EDR3
Authors: Chrobáková Ž. , Nagy R. , López-Corredoira M. 
Published: June 2022

Context. The outer Galactic disc contains some features such as the warp and flare, whose origin is still debated. The Gaia data provide an excellent opportunity to probe the Galactic disc at large distances and study these features.
Aims. We derive the density distributions of the average (old) whole population and the supergiants (representative of a young population), and we use them to constrain their warp and flare. By comparing the results, we study how the properties of these phenomena depend on the studied population.
Methods. We used Lucy’s deconvolution method to recover corrected star counts as a function of distance, from which we derive the density distribution.
Results. We find that supergiants have an asymmetric warp, reaching a maximum amplitude of zw = 0.658 kpc and minimum amplitude of zw = −0.717 kpc at a distance of R = [19.5, 20] kpc, which is almost twice as high as the amplitude of the whole population of the disc. We find a significant flare of the whole population, especially in the thick disc. The scale height increases from hz,thick ≈ 0.7 kpc and hz, thin ≈ 0.3 kpc in the solar neighbourhood, to hz, thick ≈ 2.6 kpc and hz, thin ≈ 0.6 kpc in the remote regions of the Milky Way (R ≈ 18 kpc). The supergiants’ population has only a small flare.
Redundant apodization for direct imaging of exoplanets
Authors: Leboulleux Lucie , Carlotti Alexis , N’Diaye Mamadou , Bertrou-Cantou Arielle , Milli Julien , Pourré Nicolas , Cantalloube Faustine , Mouillet David , Vérinaud Christophe 
Published: June 2022

Context.Telescope pupil fragmentation from spiders generates specific aberrations that have been observed at various telescopes and are expected on the 30-meter class telescopes under construction. This is known as the island effect, and it induces differential pistons, tips, and tilts on the pupil petals, deforming the instrumental point spread function (PSF); it is one of the main limitations to the direct detection of exoplanets with high-contrast imaging. These petal-level aberrations can have different origins such as the low-wind effect or petaling errors in the adaptive optics reconstruction.Aims.In this paper, we propose a method for alleviating the impact of the aberrations induced by island effects on high-contrast imaging by adapting the coronagraph design in order to increase its robustness to petal-level aberrations.Methods.Following a method first developed and applied on robustness to errors due to primary mirror segmentation (e.g., segment phasing errors, missing segments), we developed and tested redundant apodized pupils (RAP): apodizers designed at the petal-scale, then duplicated and rotated to mimic the pupil petal geometry.Results.We applied this concept to the ELT architecture, made of six identical petals, to yield a 10−6contrast in a dark region from 8 to 40λ/D. Both amplitude and phase apodizers proposed in this paper are robust to differential pistons between petals, with minimal degradation to their coronagraphic PSFs and contrast levels. In addition, they are also more robust to petal-level tip-tilt errors than classical apodizers designed for the whole pupil, with which the limit of contrast of 10−6in the coronagraph dark zone is achieved for constraints up to 2 rad RMS of these petal-level modes.Conclusions.In this paper the RAP concept proves its robustness to island effects (low-wind effect and post-adaptive optics petaling), with an application to the ELT architecture. It can also be considered for other 8- to 30-m class ground-based units such as VLT/SPHERE, Subaru/SCExAO, GMT/GMagAO-X, and TMT/PSI.
Physical properties and trigonometric distance of the peculiar dwarf WISE J181005.5−101002.3
Authors: Lodieu N. , Zapatero Osorio M. R. , Martín E. L. , Rebolo López R. , Gauza B. 
Published: June 2022

Aims.Our goal is to characterise the physical properties of the metal-poor brown dwarf population. In particular, we focus on the recently discovered peculiar dwarf WISE 1810055−1010023.Methods.We collected opticalizand near-infraredJ-band imaging on multiple occasions over 1.5 years to derive accurate trigonometric parallax and proper motion of the metal-depleted ultra-cool dwarf candidate WISE J1810055−1010023. We also acquired low-resolution optical spectroscopy (0.6−1.0 μm) and new infrared (0.9−1.3 μm) spectra of WISE J1810055−1010023 that were combined with our photometry, other existing data from the literature and our trigonometric distance to determine the object’s luminosity from the integration of the observed spectral energy distribution covering from 0.6 through 16 μm. We compared the full optical and infrared spectrum with state-of-the-art atmosphere models to further constrain its effective temperature, surface gravity and metallicity.Results.WISE J1810055−1010023 is detected in theizbands with AB magnitudes ofi = 23.871 ± 0.104 andz = 20.147 ± 0.083 mag in the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (PanSTARRS) system. It does not show any obvious photometric variability beyond 0.1−0.2 mag in any of thez- andJ-band filters. The very redz − J ≈ 2.9 mag colour is compatible with an ultra-cool dwarf nature. Fitting for parallax and proper motion, we measure a trigonometric parallax of 112.5−8.0+8.1mas for WISE J1810055−1010023, placing the object at only 8.9−0.6+0.7pc, about three times closer than previously thought. We employed Monte Carlo methods to estimate the error on the parallax and proper motion. The object’s luminosity was determined at logL/L⊙ = −5.78 ± 0.11 dex. From the comparison to atmospheric models, we infer a likely metallicity of [Fe/H] ≈ −1.5 and an effective temperature cooler than 1000 K. The estimated luminosity and temperature of this object are below the known substellar limit. Despite its apparent low metallicity, we derive space motions that are more typical of the old disc than the halo of the Milky Way. We confirm that WISE J1810055−1010023 has an ultra-cool temperature and belongs to a new class of objects with no known spectral counterparts among field L- and T-type dwarfs.Conclusions.WISE J1810055−1010023 is a very special substellar object and represents a new addition to the 10 pc sample. The optical to near-infrared spectra show strong features due to water vapour and H2collision induced absorption. Our trigonometric distance has strong implications on the density of metal-poor brown dwarfs in the solar vicinity, which may be higher than that of metal-poor stars.
Shaping physical properties of galaxy subtypes in the VIPERS survey: Environment matters
Authors: Siudek M. , Małek K. , Pollo A. , Iovino A. , Haines C. P. , Bolzonella M. , Cucciati O. , Gargiulo A. , Granett B. , Krywult J. , Moutard T. , Scodeggio M. 
Published: June 2022

Aims. This study aims to explore the relation between the physical properties of different galaxy sub-classes, from red passive to blue star-forming, and their environment. Our work is based on the analysis of 31 631 galaxies from the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS), observed at 0.5 <  z <  0.9. The unprecedented volume of VIPERS and the wealth of auxiliary derived data allow us to associate sub-classes of the main galaxy populations with their possibly different evolutionary paths. This is the first time such a study is performed with such statistical precision.
Methods. We use the results of an unsupervised clustering algorithm to distinguish 11 subclasses of VIPERS galaxies, based on the multi-dimensional feature space, defined by rest-frame UV to NIR colours. We investigate the relationship between the properties of these sub-classes of galaxies and their local environment, defined as the galaxy density contrast, δ, derived from the fifth nearest neighbour technique.
Results. We confirm that the galaxy population-density relation is already in place at z ∼ 0.9, with the blue galaxy fraction decreasing with density, compensated by an increase in the red fraction. We demonstrate how the properties of red, green, and blue galaxy subclasses are altered as they assemble into denser regions, and we attempt to interpret this in the context of their evolution. On average, red galaxies in the high-density environment are larger by 28% than those in low-density environments. In particular, we find one group of galaxies, sub-class C3, whose increase of size with time can be explained mainly as the result of mergers; for other red subclasses, mergers would not seem to play the major role (subclass C2) or would play a negligible role (sub-class C1). The properties of the green galaxies (sub-classes C4–6) depend on whether their stellar mass is above or below a transition mass, log(Mstar/M⊙)=10.6. Low-mass green (9.5 ≲ log(Mstar/M⊙)≲10.6) galaxies appear to have grown through secular processes, while in high-mass (10.6 ≲ log(Mstar/M⊙)≲11.5) green galaxies, mass assembly appears to be dominated by mergers. When it comes to blue galaxies, the trend of decreasing fraction with denser environments seen for the group as a whole (sub-classes C7–11) is found to be driven mostly by one (the most numerous) group of galaxies; sub-class C10. These are compact low-mass galaxies with high, specific star formation rates, which are preferentially found in low-density environments. However, the remaining blue galaxies (sub-classes C7–9) are larger and appear in denser environments than galaxies within C10.
Power-2 limb-darkening coefficients for the uvby, UBVRIJHK, SDSS ugriz, Gaia, Kepler, and TESS photometric systems
Authors: Claret A. , Southworth J. 
Published: June 2022

Context. Limb darkening is an important stellar phenomenon and must be accounted for in the study of stellar spectra, eclipsing binaries, transiting planetary systems, and microlensing events. The power-2 limb-darkening law provides a good match to the specific intensities predicted by stellar atmosphere models: it is better than other two-parameter laws and is only surpassed by the four-parameter law.
Aims. Predictions of the limb-darkening coefficients for the power-2 law are not widely available. We therefore compute them, using stellar atmosphere models generated by the ATLAS (plane-parallel) code.
Methods. Limb-darkening coefficients were computed for the space missions Gαiα, Kepler, and TESS as well as for the photometric systems uvby, UBVRIJHK, and SDSS ugriz. The calculations were performed by adopting the Levenberg–Marquardt least-squares minimisation method and were computed with a resolution of 100 equally spaced viewing angles. We used 9586 model atmospheres covering 19 metallicities, effective temperatures of 3500–50 000 K, log g values from 0.0 to 5.0, and microturbulent velocities of 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 km s-1.
Results. We confirm the superiority of the power-2 law, in terms of the quality of the fits, over other two-parameter laws. This is particularly relevant for the quadratic law, which is widely used.
Conclusions. We recommend the use of the power-2 law in cases where a two-parameter law is needed.
Algorithmic aspects of Roman {3}-domination in graphs
Authors: Chakradhar Padamutham , Venkata Subba Reddy Palagiri 
Published: June 2022

Let G be a simple, undirected graph. A function g : V(G) → {0, 1, 2, 3} having the property that ∑v∈NG(u)g(v)≥3, if g(u) = 0, and ∑v∈NG(u)g(v)≥2, if g(u) = 1 for any vertex u ∈ G, where NG(u) is the set of vertices adjacent to u in G, is called a Roman {3}-dominating function (R3DF) of G. The weight of a R3DF g is the sum g(V)=∑v∈Vg(v). The minimum weight of a R3DF is called the Roman {3}-domination number and is denoted by γ{R3}(G). Given a graph G and a positive integer k, the Roman {3}-domination problem (R3DP) is to check whether G has a R3DF of weight at most k. In this paper, first we show that the R3DP is NP-complete for chordal graphs, planar graphs and for two subclasses of bipartite graphs namely, star convex bipartite graphs and comb convex bipartite graphs. The minimum Roman {3}-domination problem (MR3DP) is to find a R3DF of minimum weight in the input graph. We show that MR3DP is linear time solvable for bounded tree-width graphs, chain graphs and threshold graphs, a subclass of split graphs. We propose a 3(1 + ln(Δ − 1))-approximation algorithm for the MR3DP, where Δ is the maximum degree of G and show that the MR3DP problem cannot be approximated within (1 − ε)ln|V| for any ε > 0 unless NP ⊆ DTIME(|V|O(loglog|V|)). Next, we show that the MR3DP problem is APX-complete for graphs with maximum degree 4. We also show that the domination and Roman {3}-domination problems are not equivalent in computational complexity aspects. Finally, an ILP formulation for MR3DP is proposed.
Quel usage psychique pour des « jouets de sport » chez un enfant de 10 ans et un adolescent de 14 ans ? Deux études de cas
Authors: Yves-Félix Montagne , Matthieu Laugier 
Published: June 2022

L’usage d’un jouet est, pour la psychanalyse qui oriente ce travail, révélateur de quelque chose de la structure inconsciente du sujet qui joue. Les « jouets de sport » sont des jouets qui mettent en œuvre le corps, l’action motrice, des règles et une performance physique. Ce travail clinique se propose de montrer, par les interprétations de paroles des enfants de CM1 et d’adolescents de 4e, recueillies en focus group et en entretiens individuels, que l’usage du jouet de sport peut avoir une fonction particulière dans la structuration psychique du joueur. Cette fonction est entre autre rendue possible par l’écart entre le jouet du constructeur et « le jouet qu’on joue avec à son jeu » (dixit un des enfants entendus). Le jouet impliqué dans le jeu sportif imaginé par le joueur sera nommé ici le « jouét ». Deux cas, Eva et Don, témoigneront que l’usage de leur jouét de sport a pour fonction l’incorporation extériorisée (par une mise en action du corps engagé dans un acte sportif) et sublimatoire des épreuves psychiques traumatiques et/ou angoissantes qu’ils traversent.
Assessment of Saudi Physicians and Physical Therapists' Adherence to the Updated Clinical Practice Guideline for Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alhakami Bushra Ahmad , Almarwani Maha Mohammed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction Variations in clinical practice regarding the management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) among clinicians have been noted in previous studies. Such variations might be related to the different adherence to clinical practice guidelines.
Objective To evaluate clinicians' adherence to BPPV guidelines and investigate the variations in the adherence between different specialties and qualifications.
Methods This is a cross-sectional study with a vignettes-based survey conducted between June and August, 2020. We included clinicians engaged in managing BPPV that had at least one year of clinical experience. We excluded students, and clinicians who were not involved in the management of individuals with BPPV. Participants were asked to make their management choices based on four hypothetical patient vignettes. The sample ranged from 77 participants for the first vignette to 45 participants for the last vignette.
Results We included 77 clinicians in the study, with the majority being Otolaryngologists (31.2%). The respondents' mean adherence to the guideline was of 63.3%. Result showed that Otolaryngologists' adherence was higher than that of clinicians from different specialties (p = 0.006, d = 0.72). Furthermore, clinicians with a postgraduate degree were more likely to adhere than those with a bachelor's degree only (p = 0.014, d = 0.58) and participants who were aware of the guideline were more likely to adhere to it (p < 0.001, d = 1.05). Lastly, regression analysis exhibited that adherence was affected by postgraduate degree and guideline awareness.
Conclusion Otolaryngologists were more likely to adhere to the guideline than other specialties. Among all specialties, higher adherence was associated with guideline awareness and postgraduate degrees.
Hallux rigidus: Conceptos actuales
Authors: Andrade Paulina Alejandra Ferrada , Villanueva Francisco Javier Sánchez , Hernández Carlos Felipe Muñoz 
Published: June 2022

ResumenEl hallux rigidus es una causa frecuente de consulta traumatológica, y es la artrosis más frecuente del pie. Se presenta clínicamente con dolor y pérdida de movimiento de la primera articulación metatarsofalángica, con impacto en la calidad de vida del paciente. El tratamiento comienza de forma conservadora, y tiene éxito en la mitad de los casos, con medidas, que incluyen modificación del calzado, manejo del peso y ortesis, diseñadas para limitar el movimiento de esta articulación. El tratamiento quirúrgico en pacientes con hallux rigidus leve a moderado se centra en eliminar los osteofitos dorsales con una queilectomía, que se puede asociar a una osteotomía de falange proximal o del primer metatarsiano, lo que mejora el rango de movimiento hacia un arco menos doloroso. En el hallux rigidus de alto grado, lo más aconsejado es la artrodesis, la cual proporciona alivio del dolor al costo de alterar la biomecánica de la marcha, dada la rigidez adquirida. Distintas artroplastias (resección, interposición, o protésicas) mejoran el dolor significativamente sin sacrificar movilidad, siendo una alternativa más fisiológica, que preserva la biomecánica del pie en pacientes seleccionados.
Immunotherapy for Asthma
Authors: Eremija Jelena , Carr Tara F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAsthma represents one of the biggest global health concerns with increasing prevalence and influence on global health. Several distinct asthma phenotypes have been identified with one of the most common, earliest recognized, and described being the allergic asthma phenotype, in which allergens trigger asthma through mechanisms involving allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE). Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), in the forms of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), has been used for many decades as a tool for reducing IgE-mediated sensitization and controlling symptoms of allergic disease, most commonly for allergic rhinitis, and it remains the only currently available disease modifying therapy in atopic patients. AIT has been studied for use in mild to moderate allergic asthma. While the data are often inconsistent, and utilize a multitude of different methods, antigens, and outcome measures, in general, AIT may have several beneficial effects on asthma disease control, quality of life, and requirement for medication. These benefits are notable when immunotherapy is used as an adjunct to pharmacologic treatment in carefully selected and monitored patients with mild to moderate persistent asthma. Patients with severe asthma are excluded from these trials. Importantly, patients with asthma, and in particular severe asthma, may have a higher rate of systemic adverse reactions to SCIT, including anaphylaxis; however, these events are overall rare. Future research in the area is needed to definitively assess the benefit of SCIT and SLIT for patients with asthma, comparing outcomes with different methods, addressing the role of AIT in severe asthma, significance of multiallergen AIT in allergic asthma, and safety concerns in asthma.
Spatial ecology of black dogfish (
Authors: Kulka David W. , Sulikowski James A. , Cotton Charles F. 
Published: June 2022

Context Shark pupping and nursery grounds are essential habitats, yet these areas are undocumented for deepwater species. Young juveniles of black dogfish (Centroscyllium fabricii) were found to be dominant in the Laurentian Channel, prompting an analysis of their distribution in Canadian waters of the Northwest Atlantic. Aims This study documents patterns of distribution by sex and life stage for black dogfish in shelf and slope waters of Canada. Methods Over 40 years of trawl survey data from the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) Newfoundland and Labrador Region was analysed to document patterns of distribution of black dogfish by sex and life stage. Key results Free-swimming neonates were found in the Laurentian Channel, along with adult females, including some with pups, indicating that the Laurentian Channel is the pupping grounds for this species. Small black dogfish, highly abundant in the Channel, is largely absent in slope waters, indicating that the Channel is the nursery ground for black dogfish in Canada. Conclusions As they grows, black dogfish individuals undergo a multi-year distributional shift extending over ∼4000 km, originating in the Laurentian Channel out to slope waters, with the largest fish being found furthest from the Channel. No other deep demersal chondrichthyans are known to undergo a progressive migration as they grow, more akin to pelagic sharks where separate pupping–nursery grounds and long-distance migrations are commonly documented. Implications The segregation by life stages shown in the present study differs from previously reported distribution patterns of black dogfish in Greenland and Iceland. Given warm and stable ambient temperatures in the Channel, similar to slope waters, black dogfish is stenothermal, maintaining a narrow thermal profile throughout its life. Identifying the essential habitats of pupping and nursery grounds is crucial to the management and conservation of this species.