bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on eye movement characteristics and intervention of basketball shooting skill
Authors: Gou Qifeng , Li Sunnan , Wang Runping 
Published: October 2022

Background
The shooting aiming point is very important in basketball because it may affect the field goal percentage (FG%). The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of shooting aiming point practice on FG% and to search for new training methods for shooting improvement in basketball.

Methods
A total of 24 expert basketball players and 24 amateur basketball players participated in the shooting task of Experiment 1. The participants in the two groups wore an eye movement instrument while shooting the ball. The shooting techniques included free throws, 45° direct shots and 45° bank shots to verify the differences in shooting aiming points between expert basketball players and amateur basketball players. Forty-eight amateur basketball players participated in the teaching experiment of Experiment 2. Twenty-four participants participated in routine teaching, and 24 participants had shooting aiming point practice for nine weeks to verify the difference in FG% between the two groups. The shooting aiming points of the participants were assessed immediately after shooting.

Results
Experiment 1 found that expert basketball players used shorter fixation duration, fewer fixation numbers and more reasonable (simple and efficient) fixation distributions than amateur players. Moreover, expert basketball players took the front edge of the hoop as the aiming point, and amateur players took the central or back edge of the hoop as the aiming point; the FG% of the expert group (83.47%) was significantly higher than that of the amateur group (34.86%) (P < 0.01). Experiment 2 found that for the total FG% of the three tests, the intervention group (30.19%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (27.27%) (P < 0.05). After five weeks of aiming point training, it can be found that was no significant difference in the FG% between the intervention group (28.19%) and the control group (26.53%) (P > 0.05). After 9 weeks of shooting aiming point training, the FG% of the intervention group (36.39%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (30.14%) (P < 0.05), and the FG% of the intervention group increased faster than that of the control group. Additionally, the aiming point of the intervention players changed from the center and back edge of the hoop to the front.

Conclusion
(1) There was a correlation between basketball shooting aiming point and FG%. FG% with the front edge of the hoop as the aiming point was higher than the back edge hoop or center. (2) The FG% could be more quickly improved by shooting aiming point practice; it will not be affected in a short time (5 weeks); however, 9 weeks of practice can significantly improve the FG%.
Mental Health Morbidities and Time to Cancer Diagnosis Among Adults With Colon Cancer in England
Authors: Benitez Majano Sara , Lyratzopoulos Georgios , de Wit Niek J. , White Becky , Rachet Bernard , Helsper Charles , Usher-Smith Juliet , Renzi Cristina 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceMental health morbidity (MHM) in patients presenting with possible cancer symptoms may be associated with prediagnostic care and time to cancer diagnosis.ObjectiveTo compare the length of intervals to cancer diagnosis by preexisting MHM status in patients who presented with symptoms of as-yet–undiagnosed colon cancer and evaluate their risk of emergency cancer diagnosis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study was conducted using linked primary care data obtained from the population-based Clinical Practice Research Datalink, which includes primary care practices in England, linked to cancer registry and hospital data. Included participants were 3766 patients diagnosed with colon cancer between 2011 and 2015 presenting with cancer-relevant symptoms up to 24 months before their diagnosis. Data analysis was performed in January 2021 to April 2022.ExposuresMental health conditions recorded in primary care before cancer diagnosis, including anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, alcohol addiction, anorexia, and bulimia.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFast-track (also termed 2–week wait) specialist referral for investigations, time to colonoscopy and cancer diagnosis, and risk of emergency cancer diagnosis.ResultsAmong 3766 patients with colon cancer (median [IQR] age, 75 [65-82] years; 1911 [50.7%] women ), 623 patients [16.5%] had preexisting MHM recorded in primary care the year before cancer diagnosis, including 562 patients (14.9%) with preexisting anxiety or depression (accounting for 90.2% of patients with preexisting MHM) and 61 patients (1.6%) with other MHM; 3143 patients (83.5%) did not have MHM. Patients with MHM had records of red-flag symptoms or signs (ie, rectal bleeding, change in bowel habit, or anemia) in the 24 months before cancer diagnosis in a smaller proportion compared with patients without MHM (308 patients [49.4%] vs 1807 patients [57.5%]; P &amp;lt; .001). Even when red-flag symptoms were recorded, patients with MHM had lower odds of fast-track specialist referral (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55-0.94; P = .01). Among 2115 patients with red-flag symptoms or signs, 308 patients with MHM experienced a more than 2-fold longer median (IQR) time to cancer diagnosis (326 [75-552] days vs 133 [47-422] days) and higher odds of emergency diagnosis (90 patients [29.2%] vs 327 patients [18.1%]; adjusted OR = 1.63; 95% CI, 1.23-2.24; P &amp;lt; .001) compared with 1807 patients without MHM.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that patients with MHM experienced large and prognostically consequential disparities in diagnostic care before a colon cancer diagnosis. These findings suggest that appropriate pathways and follow-up strategies after symptomatic presentation are needed for earlier cancer diagnoses and improved health outcomes in this large patient group.
Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms and Disorders in Children and Adolescents With Migraine
Authors: Falla Katherine , Kuziek Jonathan , Mahnaz Syeda Rubbia , Noel Melanie , Ronksley Paul E. , Orr Serena L. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceThough it is presumed that children and adolescents with migraine are at risk of internalizing symptoms and disorders, high-level summative evidence to support this clinical belief is lacking.ObjectiveTo determine if there is an association between internalizing symptoms and disorders and migraine in children and adolescents.Data SourcesA librarian-led, peer-reviewed search was performed using MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases (inception to March 28, 2022).Study SelectionCase-control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies on the association between internalizing symptoms and disorders and migraine in children and adolescents 18 years or younger were eligible.Data Extraction and SynthesisTwo investigators independently completed abstract and full-text screening, data extraction, and quality appraisal using the Newcastle-Ottawa scales. Studies were pooled with random-effects meta-analyses using standardized mean differences (SMD) or odds ratios (OR) with 95% CIs. Where sufficient data for pooling were unavailable, studies were described qualitatively.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was migraine diagnosis; additional outcomes included migraine outcomes and incidence. Associations between these outcomes and internalizing symptoms and disorders were evaluated.ResultsThe study team screened 4946 studies and included 80 studies in the systematic review. Seventy-four studies reported on the association between internalizing symptoms and disorders and migraine, and 51 studies were amenable to pooling. Meta-analyses comparing children and adolescents with migraine with healthy controls showed: (1) an association between migraine and anxiety symptoms (SMD, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.64-1.63); (2) an association between migraine and depressive symptoms (SMD, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.46-0.87); and (3) significantly higher odds of anxiety disorders (OR, 1.93, 95% CI, 1.49-2.50) and depressive disorders (OR, 2.01, 95% CI, 1.46-2.78) in those with, vs without, migraine. Stratification of results did not reveal differences between clinical vs community/population-based samples and there was no evidence of publication bias. Twenty studies assessing the association between internalizing symptoms or disorders and migraine outcomes (n = 18) or incident migraine (n = 2) were summarized descriptively given significant heterogeneity, with minimal conclusions drawn.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, children and adolescents with migraine were at higher risk of anxiety and depression symptoms and disorders compared with healthy controls. It may be beneficial to routinely screen children and adolescents with migraine for anxiety and depression in clinical practice. It is unclear whether having anxiety and depressive symptoms or disorders has an affect on migraine outcomes or incidence.
Electrically Induced Bursting of Aqueous Capsules Made from Biopolymers: ‘Switching On’ the Release of Payloads
Authors: Gargava Ankit , Xu Wenhao , Raghavan Srinivasa R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe use of electric fields to stimulate the delivery of drugs or other active ingredients is of great interest for wearable electronics and other applications. Most attempts at electrically induced delivery with soft materials in water have focused on electronically conducting polymers (e.g., polypyrroles) or conductive nanocomposites (e.g., polymers with carbon nanotubes). Here, electrical responses are induced even in structures made from nonconducting biopolymers that are widely available, biocompatible, and biodegradable. The materials studied here are spherical capsules created from the anionic polysaccharide alginate by cross‐linking with cations like Ca2+ or Cu2+. When these capsules are placed in an aqueous solution and subjected to an electric field (direct current) of ≈8 V cm−1, they deform within a couple of minutes and then burst and disintegrate into pieces within ≈5 min. Capsules across a range of length scales (200 µm to 2 cm) respond in the above manner, and the electroresponse persists even if the capsules are embedded in a nonionic gel matrix. This electroresponse is due to electrophoretic migration of charged species (ions and/or polyelectrolyte chain‐segments) within (or out of) the capsules. In an alginate capsule, the cations are induced to migrate away from the positive electrode, which creates a weakly cross‐linked region of the capsule that swells appreciably. This anisotropic swelling continues until the capsule eventually bursts. Applications for electroresponsive capsules that highlight the spatial and temporal accuracy possible with an electrical stimulus are discussed. The bursting of capsules can be used to release solutes loaded inside these structures. Also, even the deformation of intact capsules can be used to create electrically actuatable valves, where a liquid flows out through the valve only when a capsule plug is dislodged.
Achieving Color‐Tunable and Time‐Dependent Organic Long Persistent Luminescence via Phosphorescence Energy Transfer for Advanced Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Wang Deliang , Gong Junyi , Xiong Yu , Wu Hongzhuo , Zhao Zheng , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOrganic ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have promising applications in anti‐counterfeiting. To improve the encryption level, the exploration of organic materials with tunable solid‐state long persistent luminescence is in urgent need. Herein, a series of organic ultralong RTP polymeric systems are prepared by doping versatile indolocarbazole isomers into the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix. Notably, the doping film 11,12‐ICz@PVA exhibits excellent RTP property with an ultralong lifetime of 2.04 s and a high phosphorescence quantum yield of 44.1%. Theoretical calculations reveal that this excellent RTP property can be attributed to the strong electrostatic attraction resulting from the synergistic double hydrogen‐bond between the isomer 11,12‐ICz and PVA matrix. More impressively, color‐tunable and time‐dependent long persistent luminescence is successfully achieved through efficient phosphorescence energy transfer between the indolocarbazole isomers with ultralong blue RTP emissions and commercially available fluorescent dyes with emission colors ranging from green to red doped into the PVA matrix. Besides, diversified encryption patterns are fabricated to demonstrate the promising applications of these water‐soluble doping PVA systems with tunable solid‐state persistent luminescence in advanced anti‐counterfeiting technology.
High‐Performance Phototransistor Based on Graphene/Organic Heterostructure for In‐Chip Visual Processing and Pulse Monitoring
Authors: Han Chao , Liu Xianchao , Han Xingwei , He Meiyu , Han Jiayue , Zhang He , Hou Xin , Zhou Hongxi , Yu He , Wu Zhiming , Gou Jun , Wang Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMimicking the real‐time sensing and processing capabilities of human retina opens up a promising pathway for achieving vision chips with high‐efficient image processing. The development of retina‐inspired vision chip also requires hardware with high sensitivity, fast image capture, and the ability to sense under various lighting conditions. Herein, a high‐performance phototransistor based on graphene/organic heterojunction is demonstrated with a superior responsivity (2.86 × 106 A W−1), an outstanding respond speed (rise time/fall time is 20 µs/8.4 ms), and a remarkable detectivity (1.47 × 1014 Jones) at 650 nm. The phototransistor combines weak‐light detection capability (minimum detectable light intensity down to 2.8 nW cm−2) with gate‐tunable bi‐directional photoresponse capable of simultaneously sensing and processing visual images for light intensities ranging over six orders magnitude (10–107nW cm−2). Moreover, the phototransistor also exhibits an intriguing feature undiscovered in other retina‐inspired devices, namely that it can real‐time monitor the human pulse signal and heart rate by using photoplethysmography technology, and the measured heart rate error is only 0.87% compared with a commercially available sensor. This study paves the way for the development of low‐light and bio‐signal sensitive artificial retinas in the future.
Photothermal Catalytic Polyester Upcycling over Cobalt Single‐Site Catalyst
Authors: Liu Yu , Wang Xuchun , Li Qingye , Yan Tianran , Lou Xiangxi , Zhang Congyang , Cao Muhan , Zhang Liang , Sham Tsun‐Kong , Zhang Qiao , He Le , Chen Jinxing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPhotothermal catalytic conversion of waste plastics into fuels and/or feedstocks using renewable solar energy can achieve solar‐to‐chemical conversion, resource sustainability, and environmental remediation simultaneously. However, the construction of photothermal catalysts with strong light absorption and high catalytic activity remains a great challenge. In this work, integrated cobalt single‐site catalysts (Co SSCs), coupled with strong photothermal conversion, high catalytic activity, and stability, are employed to catalyze the glycolysis of polyesters. The unique coordination‐unsaturated CoO5 single‐site can coordinate with the carbonyl groups in polyester, thus boosting the nucleophilic addition elimination processes. As a result, the space‐time yield of Co SSCs is an order of magnitude higher than that of general catalysts. In addition, the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) conversion and bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) terephthalate yield in photothermal catalysis are 5.4 and 6.6 times higher than those of thermal catalysis under the same conditions, which are contributed by the localized heating effect. Technical economic analysis shows that the recycling of 105 tons of waste PET by photothermal catalysis consumes 146.4 GW·h electrical energy and misses 7.44 × 104 tons of CO2 emission. Therefore, a high‐efficient photothermal catalytic plastic recycling system is of great significance for waste plastic valorization.
A Cell‐Free Silk Fibroin Biomaterial Strategy Promotes In Situ Cartilage Regeneration Via Programmed Releases of Bioactive Molecules
Authors: Mao Zhinan , Bi Xuewei , Wu Chengai , Zheng Yufeng , Shu Xiong , Wu Sujun , Guan Juan , Ritchie Robert O. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn situ tissue regeneration using cell‐free biofunctional scaffolds has been extensively studied as a promising alternative strategy to promote cartilage repair. In this study, a cartilage‐biomimetic silk fibroin (SF)‐based scaffold with controlled sequential release of two bioactive molecules is developed. Transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) is initially loaded onto the SF scaffolds by physical absorption, which are then successively functionalized with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)‐specific‐affinity peptide (E7) via gradient degradation coating of Silk fibroin Methacryloyl (SilMA)/Hyaluronic acid Methacryloyl (HAMA). Such SF‐based scaffolds exhibit excellent structural stability and catilage‐like mechanical properties, thus providing a desirable 3D microenvironment for cartilage reconstruction. Furthermore, rapid initial release of E7 during the first few days, followed by slow and sustained release of TGF‐β1 for as long as few weeks, synergistically induced the recruitment of BMSCs and chondrogenic differentiation of them in vitro. Finally, in vivo studies indicate that the implantation of the biofunctional scaffold markedly promote in situ cartilage regeneration in a rabbit cartilage defect model. It is believed that this cartilage‐biomimetic biofunctional SF‐based scaffold with sequential controlled release of E7 and TGF‐β1 may have a promising potential for improved cartilage tissue engineering.
Surface‐Roughness‐Induced Plasticity in a Biodegradable Zn Alloy
Authors: Shi Zhang‐Zhi , Li Meng , Li Xiang‐Min , Wang Lu‐Ning 
Published: October 2022

AbstractImproving plasticity has been an eternal theme of developing metallic materials. It is difficult to increase room‐temperature elongation of metallic materials over 100% without sacrificing strength using existing methods. Herein, surface‐roughness‐induced plasticity (SRIP) is discovered in biodegradable Zn–0.4Mn alloy. Surprisingly, in the good surface range that meets the international standard ISO 6892, reducing surface roughness results in significant increase in plasticity without loss of strength. From unground to 5000# sandpaper ground states, the surface roughness Ra of the alloy decreases from 0.63 to 0.05 µm, while its room temperature elongation increases from 74% to 143%. SRIP is the synergistic result of increased microstructure damage tolerance and decreased surface roughness. It provides a new method for improving plasticity.
Tissue‐Mimetic Supramolecular Polymer Networks for Bioelectronics
Authors: O'Neill Stephen J.K. , Huang Zehuan , Ahmed Mohammed H. , Boys Alexander J. , Velasco‐Bosom Santiago , Li Jiaxuan , Owens Róisín M. , McCune Jade A. , Malliaras George G. , Scherman Oren A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAddressing the mechanical mismatch between biological tissue and traditional electronic materials remains a major challenge in bioelectronics. While rigidity of such materials limits biocompatibility, supramolecular polymer networks can harmoniously interface with biological tissues as they are soft, wet, and stretchable. Here, an electrically conductive supramolecular polymer network that simultaneously exhibits both electronic and ionic conductivity while maintaining tissue‐mimetic mechanical properties, providing an ideal electronic interface with the human body, is introduced. Rational design of an ultrahigh affinity host–guest ternary complex led to binding affinities (>1013 M‐2) of over an order of magnitude greater than previous reports. Embedding these complexes as dynamic cross‐links, coupled with in situ synthesis of a conducting polymer, resulted in electrically conductive supramolecular polymer networks with tissue‐mimetic Young's moduli (<5 kPa), high stretchability (>500%), rapid self‐recovery and high water content (>84%). Achieving such properties enabled fabrication of intrinsically‐stretchable stand‐alone bioelectrodes, capable of accurately monitoring electromyography signals, free from any rigid materials.
Pt Single Atoms on CrN Nanoparticles Deliver Outstanding Activity and CO Tolerance in the Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Yang Zhaojun , Chen Chaoqiu , Zhao Yunxuan , Wang Qing , Zhao Jiaqi , Waterhouse Geoffrey I. N. , Qin Yong , Shang Lu , Zhang Tierui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe large‐scale application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is currently hampered by high cost of commercial Pt catalysts and their susceptibility to poisoning by CO impurities in H2 feed. In this context, the development of CO‐tolerant electrocatalysts with high Pt atom utilization efficiency for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) is of critical importance. Herein, Pt single atoms are successfully immobilized on chromium nitride nanoparticles by atomic layer deposition method, denoted as Pt SACs/CrN. Electrochemical tests establish Pt SACs/CrN to be a very efficient HOR catalyst, with a mass activity that is 5.7 times higher than commercial PtRu/C. Strikingly, the excellent performance of Pt SACs/CrN is maintained after introducing 1000 ppm of CO in H2 feed. The excellent CO‐tolerance of Pt SACs/CrN is related to weaker CO adsorption on Pt single atoms. This work provides guidelines for the design and construction of active and CO‐tolerant catalysts for HOR.
Multimodal Neural Probes with Small Form Factor Based on Dual‐Side Fabrication
Authors: Kim Mi Kyung , Leong Jia Chee , Jo Yehhyun , Kook Geon , Lee Hyunjoo J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMonitoring both individual neuronal spikes and neurotransmitters released from a specific brain region plays a significant role in understanding neuronal circuits and brain functionalities. While polymer neural probe offers distinctive advantages of flexibility, optical transparency, and biocompatibility, achieving high‐density recording with multifunctionalities and multimodality is still a challenge due to limited microfabrication techniques. Here, a multimodal polymer neural probe array based on a dual‐side fabrication process with the potential for high‐density neural recording and electrochemical neurotransmitter detection is presented. The developed dual‐side fabrication allows the placement of a larger number of microelectrodes and multimodal sensors without increasing the probe dimension by utilizing both sides of the shank. Using the dual‐side fabrication, a dual‐sided SU‐8 neural probe array is fabricated which consists of an array of gold and platinum microelectrodes and a micron‐scale three‐electrode system. Moreover, the design space of the micron‐scale three‐electrode systems on the dual‐side neural probe is explored. Through successful in vivo neural spike recording and dopamine (DA) measurements in a brain phantom using the fabricated dual‐side neural probe, it is confirmed that the dual‐sided microfabrication is a reliable and viable solution.