bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
40Ar–39Ar geochronology and palaeostress analysis using lamprophyre dikes and quartz veins in the Sizhuang gold deposit: new implications for Early Cretaceous stress regime in the Jiaodong Peninsula, North China Craton
Authors: Wang Zhongliang , Tranos Markos D , Wang Xuan , Zhao Rongxin , Zhang Rifeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLamprophyre dikes and quartz veins in the Sizhuang gold deposit are used to date and unravel the Early Cretaceous stress regime in the Jiaodong Peninsula, North China Craton. The lamprophyre dikes are grouped into two major sets, trending NNW–SSE and NNE–SSW, respectively, and a subsidiary one, trending WNW–ESE, whereas the quartz veins trend mainly NNE–SSW. The age of lamprophyre dikes’ intrusion was robustly calculated at c. 119 Ma by phlogopite 40Ar–39Ar dating. The fuzzy clustering technique defined four stress states, which were grouped into three stress regimes in Sizhuang. Furthermore, these stress regimes were interrelated with two regional far-field stress regimes, ST1 and ST2, defined by the available published fault-slip data near Sizhuang by applying the separation and stress inversion TR method (TRM). The palaeostress reconstruction indicates that extension and strike-slip tectonics (i.e. transtension) affect the emplacement of the lamprophyre dikes and quartz veins. More precisely, the dike emplacement occurred under unstable stress conditions related to the shift from E–W pure extension–transtension to WNW–ESE transtension, whereas the quartz veins formed under relatively stable WNW–ESE transtension with the variant and increasing fluid pressure (
${P_{\rm{f}}})$
giving rise to the strike-slip against dip-slip kinematics along the faults. The change from the ST1 to ST2 stress regimes reflects the significant clockwise rotation in the palaeo-Pacific plate subduction direction and defines the switching time at c. 119 Ma as precisely obtained by the lamprophyre dating.
Board Governance and Investment Sensitivity to Stock Price: International Evidence
Authors: Driss Hamdi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article examines the effect of board governance on investment efficiency. I use the staggered enactment of board reforms in 41 countries as a shock to board structure that exogenously improves the quality of board oversight of managers. I find that investment-Q sensitivity improves by roughly half post-reform. This effect is more pronounced for firms that are more exposed to the reforms or when external governance mechanisms are less likely to discipline managers. These findings suggest that increased board oversight strengthens managers’ incentives to make investment decisions that are more in line with their firms’ growth opportunities.
Strengthening associations between psychotic like experiences and suicidal ideation and behavior across middle childhood and early adolescence
Authors: Karcher Nicole R. , O'Hare Kirstie , Jay Samantha Y. , Grattan Rebecca 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding risk factors related to suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behaviors (SB) in youth is important for informing prevention and intervention efforts. While it appears that psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are strongly associated with both SI and SB at different points across the lifespan, the longitudinal nature of this relationship in middle childhood and early adolescence is understudied.MethodsThe study used the unique longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study data. Mixed effects linear models examined associations between PLEs and SI and SB over time using three time points of data from ages 9–13.ResultsFirst, analyses indicated that endorsement of SI and SB increased as youth grew older for those with increased distressing PLEs. Analyses found evidence of bidirectional relationships between PLEs with SI and SB, with evidence that PLEs at baseline were associated with worsening SI and SB over time, including a transition from SI to SB (β = 0.032, FDRp = 0.002). Exploratory analyses showed consistent evidence for strengthened associations over time for higher delusional ideation with both SI and SB (βs > 0.04, FDRps < 0.001), and for perceptual distortions with SB (βs = 0.046, FDRp < 0.001). When accounting for general psychopathology, for SB, the strengthened associations over time was significantly stronger for PLEs (β = 0.053, FDRp < 0.001) compared to general psychopathology (β = 0.022, FDRp = 0.01).ConclusionsThe present study indicates both SI and SB show strengthened associations with PLEs over time, and that baseline PLEs may predict worsening of suicidality over time. The findings are important clarifications about the nature of the associations between youth-reported PLEs and suicidality over time.
Concept Maps und Concept Mapping in der Pflege
Authors: Zanon-Di Nardo Dave , Leonie-Scheiber Claudia 
Published: October 2022

Komplexe Pflegesituationen analysieren und visualisieren

Concept Maps sind grafische Darstellungen von Zusammenhängen in komplexen Pflegesituationen. Sie zeigen Muster auf aus den Merkmalen und Kennzeichen einer Situation und visualisieren damit das spezifische Bild der Patientin?/?des Patienten. Im Prozess des Concept Mappings kann somit die fallbezogene Pflegesituation im Rahmen des Pflegeprozesses differenziert analysiert und beurteilt werden. Concept Maps visualisieren gebündelt fallbezogene Assessmentdaten sowie Pflegediagnosen und deren Beziehungen zueinander. Das erlaubt es, Pflegeinterventionen zur Lösung oder Linderung aktueller und potenzieller Gesundheitsprobleme abzuleiten und Pflegeziele und erwünschte Pflegeergebnisse zu benennen. So wird das Buch zu einer wertvollen Toolbox für Lehrende, Ausbildung und Studium der Pflege und des Pflegeprozesses.
Die Autor_innen klären in Teil I die Grundlagen von Concept Maps und Concept Mapping und präsentieren in Teil II konkrete Beispiele der Umsetzung.

Aus dem Inhalt
•Concept Maps als Muster in Pflegesituationen
•Concept Mapping im Pflegeprozess
•Didaktische Methoden des Concept Mappings
•Evaluation der Concept Maps
Die Arbeitsmaterialien zu diesem Buch können nach erfolgter Registrierung von der Hogrefe Website heruntergeladen werden.
Hourly and Daily PM2.5 Estimations Using MERRA‐2: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Sayeed Alqamah , Lin Paul , Gupta Pawan , Tran Nhu Nguyen Minh , Buchard Virginie , Christopher Sundar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHealth and environmental hazards related to high pollution concentrations have become a serious issue from public policy perspectives and human health. Using Machine Learning (ML) approach, this research aims to improve the estimation of grid‐wise PM2.5, a criteria pollutant, by reducing systematic bias from speciation provided by MERRA‐from the Modern‐Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA‐2). The ML model was trained using various meteorological parameters and aerosol species simulated by MERRA‐2 and ground measurements from Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) air quality system stations. The ML approach significantly improved performance and reduced mean bias in the 0–10 μg m−3 range. We also used the Random Forest ML model for each EPA region using 1 year of collocated data sets. The resulting ML models for each EPA region were validated, and the aggregate data set has a Spearman Rank correlation (SR) of 0.73 (RMSE = 4.8 μg m−3) and 0.69 (RMSE = 5.8 μg m−3) for training and testing, respectively. The SR (and RMSE in μg m−3) increased to 0.81 (3.9), 0.89 (1.6), and 0.90 (1.1) for daily, monthly, and yearly averages, respectively. The results from the initial implementation of the ML model for the global region are encouraging. Still, they require more research and development to overcome challenges associated with data gaps in many parts of the world.
Urban‐Rural Gradient in Urban Heat Island Variations Responsive to Large‐Scale Human Activity Changes During Chinese New Year Holiday
Authors: Zhan Wenfeng , Liu Zihan , Bechtel Benjamin , Li Jiufeng , Lai Jiameng , Fu Huyan , Li Long , Huang Fan , Wang Chunli , Chen Yangyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLarge‐scale human activity changes in megacities during Chinese New Year (CNY) are believed to significantly affect urban heat islands (UHIs). However, the urban‐rural gradient in UHI variations responsive to human activity changes in cities remains largely unclear. Using in‐situ surface air temperature obtained from a meteorological network that includes 3000‐plus stations, we show that the mean UHI intensity (UHII) in 31 Chinese capitals is 0.52 ± 0.23 K during the CNY holiday and 0.77 ± 0.29 K in the reference period, indicating a UHII reduction of 0.25 ± 0.20 K during the holiday. The reduced UHII decreased more from city core (0.54 K) to city periphery (0.071 K). We find that these UHII reductions were larger at night than during the day and were larger in northern subtropical and warm temperate climates than in other climates. These UHII reductions were mainly attributable to the decline in anthropogenic heat release.
Statistical Characteristics of the Local Proton Cyclotron Band Emissions Observed by the CSES
Authors: Wang Yalu , Zhima Zeren , Wang Xiao , Wu Yingyan , Ouyang Xin‐Yan , Hu Yunpeng , Lu Hengxin , Shen Xuhui , Dong Lei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present observations on the local proton cyclotron band emissions (PCBEs), which is one type of hiss wave in the upper ionosphere, recorded by the China Seismo‐Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES). The PCBEs are characterized by narrow‐band electromagnetic emissions along the local proton cyclotron frequency (), exhibiting a sharp cutoff effect. The lower cutoff frequency () is closely along the local , decreasing with magnetic latitude, while the upper cutoff frequency () is diffuse and deviates from the local . We developed an algorithm to automatically extract PCBEs from CSES's massive electromagnetic data and statistically examined their occurrence and bandwidth's dependence on location and season. The global morphology of PCBEs in 2019 shows that they primarily occur in the mid‐high magnetic latitude (approximately 20°–55°) dayside ionosphere, with the maximum occurrence happening around the South Atlantic Anomaly region. Their bandwidth shows a decreasing tendency with magnetic latitude and strong seasonal dependence, with a wider bandwidth in local winter and a narrower one in local summer. The ratio of and also shows a seasonal dependence, with greater values in local summer and smaller values in local winter. This characteristic of is similar to that of the H+‐He+ cutoff frequency (). This study provides statistical characteristics of occurrence and the cutoff features of PCBEs based on the CSES operating in the upper ionosphere.
Off‐Fault Deformation in Regions of Complex Fault Geometries: The 2013, Mw7.7, Baluchistan Rupture (Pakistan)
Authors: Antoine S. L. , Klinger Y. , Delorme A. , Gold R. D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObservations of recent earthquake surface ruptures show that ground deformations include a localized component occurring on faults, and an off‐fault component affecting the surrounding medium. This second component is also referred to as off‐fault deformation (OFD). The localized component generally occurs on complex networks of faults that connect at depth onto a unique fault plane, whereas OFD consists of distributed fracturing and diffuse deformation of the bulk volume, and occurs over scales of hundreds of meters to kilometers around the faults. High‐resolution optical image correlation presents a unique potential to characterize the complexity of the surface displacements, including on‐fault displacements and OFDs. In this study, we used sub‐pixel correlation of 0.5‐m resolution optical images to measure the surface displacement field with a <20 cm accuracy for a 30‐km long section of the 2013 Mw7.7 Baluchistan, Pakistan, rupture. Our results document significant variability in the fault displacements, associated with large proportions of OFD in regions of fault geometrical complexity. Conversely, in regions where the fault geometry is simple, surface deformation is entirely accommodated by the primary faults with 0% OFD. When combining the localized deformation on faults with the OFD, we show that the total surface displacement budget is constant along the strike of the rupture, despite strong variations observed in the rupture geometry. Based on this analysis, we propose an idealized scenario of earthquake surface deformation as a function of the rupture geometrical variations.
Subinertial Variability in Four Southeast Greenland Fjords in Realistic Numerical Simulations
Authors: Gelderloos Renske , Haine Thomas W. N. , Almansi Mattia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe identified the nature and driving mechanisms of subinertial variability (variability at a time scale of several days) in four fjords in Southeast Greenland, in three high‐resolution numerical simulations. We find two dominant frequency ranges in along‐fjord velocity, volume transport of Atlantic Water, and along‐fjord heat transport: one around 2–4 days and one around 10 days. The higher frequency is most prominent in the two smaller fjords (Sermilik Fjord and Kangerdlugssuaq Fjord), while the lower frequency peak dominates in the larger fjords (Scoresby Sund and King Oscar Fjord). The cross‐fjord structure of variability patterns is determined by the fjord's dynamic width, while the vertical structure is determined by the stratification in the fjord. The dominant frequency range is a function of stratification and fjord length, through the travel time of resonant internal Kelvin waves. We find that the subinertial variability is the imprint of Coastal Trapped Waves, which manifest as Rossby‐type waves on the continental shelf and as internal Kelvin‐type waves inside the fjords. Between 50% and 80% of the variability in the fjord is directly forced by Coastal Trapped Waves propagating in from the shelf, with an additional role played by alongshore wind forcing on the shelf.
Impacts of Historical Atmospheric and Oceanic Warming on Heavy Snowfall in December 2020 in Japan
Authors: Kawase H. , Imada Y. , Watanabe S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStrong cold air outbreaks caused heavy snowfall over the inland areas of the Sea of Japan coast of Japan in mid‐December 2020. The 48‐hr accumulated snowfall during the term broke a snowfall record at some observational stations of the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). We investigated the impacts of atmospheric and oceanic temperature changes due to historical global warming since the pre‐industrial period on this heavy snowfall event. Hindcast and pseudo non‐warming experiments were conducted using the nonhydrostatic model developed by the JMA. The historical climatic differences were obtained from the database for policy decision‐making for future climate change (d4PDF). Our experiments indicated that historical global warming enhanced precipitation over the whole region and enhanced heavy snowfall over the inland areas on the Sea of Japan side. In this event, the contribution of conversion from snowfall to rainfall due to warming was limited over coastal areas. The enhancement of precipitation was mainly caused by oceanic warming, which increased latent heat flux over the Sea of Japan and made the low‐level atmosphere less stable. Historical atmospheric warming suppressed precipitation due to atmospheric stabilization. Our results indicated that the heavy snowfall was caused by the cold air outbreaks under the warm sea surface temperatures in December and enhanced by historical global warming.
Partitioning of Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes in Different Vegetation Types and Their Spatiotemporal Variations Based on 203 FLUXNET Sites
Authors: Lin Huiqing , Li Yan , Zhao Lei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBowen ratio reflects the partitioning between sensible and latent heat fluxes and plays a crucial role in land–atmosphere interaction. In this study, the spatiotemporal variations of Bowen ratio among 12 vegetation types were analyzed using observations from 203 FLUXNET sites and compared against Community Land Model (CLM) simulations. Results showed that the annual mean Bowen ratio across all sites was 1.48 ± 1.20 (mean ± SD). Sites with Bowen ratios less than 1 were found across all continents, and the ones with a higher Bowen ratio appeared in dry and warm areas. Open shrublands showed the highest Bowen ratio (3.04 ± 0.58), whereas wetlands showed the lowest (0.74 ± 0.09). In terms of seasonality, Bowen ratio generally showed lower values in local summer and higher in spring and autumn in the northern hemisphere; the opposite occurred in the southern hemisphere. The spatiotemporal variations in Bowen ratio can be explained by climatic, geographical, and biological factors, with climate factors having the greatest impact. The spatial correlation analyses suggested Bowen ratio increased under higher VPD (R = 0.45, p < 0.001) and hotter (R = 0.14, p < 0.05) conditions and decreased with higher precipitation (R = −0.34, p < 0.001), albedo (R = −0.16, p > 0.05), and leaf area index (R = −0.25, p < 0.001). Compared to FLUXNET observations, CLM well reproduced the global annual mean Bowen ratio (1.48 for CLM vs. 1.56 for FLUXNET) but showed larger differences for certain vegetation types. Our results could enhance our understanding of biotic and environmental controls on land surface energy fluxes and help improve the land surface and climate models.
The emerging importance of METTL5-mediated ribosomal RNA methylation
Authors: Turkalj Elena M. , Vissers Caroline 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe study of the epitranscriptome has thus far focused largely on mRNA methylation. Recent human genetics studies suggest that methylation of ribosomal RNA also contributes to brain development and cognition. In particular, the m6A modification at the A-1832 position of the 18S rRNA is installed by METTL5. Mutations or deletions of Mettl5 in humans and mice, respectively, cause abnormal translation and gene expression that in turn mediates stem cell behaviors such as differentiation. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of the methyltransferase METTL5, as well as the molecular biology surrounding m6A on rRNA and how it regulates cell behavior.
Financial implications of protocol-based hypertension treatment: an insight into medication costs in public and private health sectors in India
Authors: Sahoo Swagata Kumar , Pathni Anupam Khungar , Krishna Ashish , Sharma Bhawna , Cazabon Danielle , Moran Andrew E. , Hering Dagmara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHypertension is a major public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and calls for large-scale effective hypertension control programs. Adoption of drug and dose-specific treatment protocols recommended by the World Health Organization-HEARTS Initiative is key for hypertension control programs in LMICs. We estimated the annual medication cost per patient using three such protocols (protocol-1 and protocol-2 with Amlodipine, Telmisartan, using add-on doses and different drug orders, adding Chlorthalidone; protocol-3 with a single-pill combination (SPC) of Amlodipine/Telmisartan with dose up-titration, and addition of Chlorthalidone, if required) in India. The medication cost was simulated with different hypertension control assumptions for each protocol and calculated based on prices in the public and private sectors in India. The estimated annual medication cost per patient for protocol-1 and protocol-2 was $33.88–58.44 and $51.57–68.83 for protocol-3 in the private sector. The medication cost was lower in the generic stores ($5.78–9.57 for protocol-1 and protocol-2, and $7.35–9.89 for protocol-3). The medication cost for patients was the lowest ($2.05–3.89 for protocol-1 and protocol-2, and $2.94–3.98 for protocol-3) in the public sector. At less than $4 per patient per annum, scaling up a hypertension control program with specific treatment protocols is a potentially cost-effective public health intervention. Expanding low-cost generic retail networks would extend affordability in the private sector. The cost of treatment with SPC is comparable with non-SPC protocols and can be adopted in a public health program considering the advantage of simplified logistics, reduced pill burden, improved treatment adherence, and blood pressure control.
E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF5 attenuates pathological cardiac hypertrophy through STING
Authors: Yang Lu-Lu , Xiao Wen-Chang , Li Huan , Hao Zheng-Yang , Liu Gui-Zhi , Zhang Dian-Hong , Wu Lei-Ming , Wang Zheng , Zhang Yan-Qing , Huang Zhen , Zhang Yan-Zhou 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRing-finger protein 5 (RNF5) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase which is expressed in a variety of human tissues. RNF5 is involved in the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and innate immunity and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, the role of RNF5 in cardiac hypertrophy has not been reported. In this study, we found the expression of RNF5 was increased in the hearts of mice with pathological cardiac hypertrophy. The loss-of-function research demonstrated that RNF5 deficiency exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy, whereas gain-of-function studies revealed that overexpression of RNF5 had opposite effects. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a signaling molecule that can activate type I interferon immunity, which can meditate inflammation and immune response in many diseases. The protein–protein interaction experiments confirmed that STING interacted with RNF5. Further studies showed that RNF5 inhibited cardiac hypertrophy by promoting STING degradation through K48-linked polyubiquitination. Therefore, we defined RNF5 as importantly regulated signaling for cardiac hypertrophy.
A TNFR1–UBCH10 axis drives lung squamous cell carcinoma dedifferentiation and metastasis through a cell-autonomous signaling loop
Authors: Xiao Zuoxiang , Shi Gongping , Xi Sichuan , Singh Amit Kumar , Willette-Brown Jami , Li Xin , Zhu Feng , Su Ling , Wu Xiaolin , Schrump David S. , Hu Yinling 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), encoded byTNFRSF1A, is a critical transducer of inflammatory pathways, but its physiological role in human cancer is not completely understood. Here, we observed high expression of TNFR1 in many human lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCCs) samples and in spontaneous lung SCCs derived from kinase-deadIkkαknock-in (KA/KA) mice. Knocking outTnfrf1ainKA/KAmice blocked lung SCC formation. When injected via tail vein, KALLU+lung SCC cells that highly expressed TNFR1/TNF, Sox2, c-Myc, Twist1, Bcl2, and UBCH10, generated dedifferentiated spindle cell carcinomas with epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers in mouse lungs. In contrast, KALLU+cells with silenced TNFR1 and KALLU-cells that expressed low levels of TNFR1 generated well-differentiated lung SCCs and were less tumorigenic and metastatic. We identified a downstream effector of TNFR1: oncogenic UBCH10, an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme with targets including Twist1, c-Myc, and Sox2, which enhanced SCC cell dedifferentiation. Furthermore, Tg-K5.TNFR1;KA/KAmice, which expressed transgenic TNFR1 in keratin 5-positve epithelial cells, developed more poorly differentiated and metastatic lung SCCs than those found inKA/KAmice. These findings demonstrate that an overexpressed TNFR1–UBCH10 axis advances lung carcinogenesis and metastasis through a dedifferentiation mechanism. Constituents in this pathway may contribute to the development of differentiation-related therapies for lung SCC.