bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Creaky Voice a Valley Girl Feature? Stancetaking & Evolution of a Linguistic Stereotype
Authors: Habasque Pierre 
Published: January 2022

Le stéréotype « Valley Girl » a été popularisé en 1982 par le titre éponyme de Frank & Moon Zappa, qui a contribué à l’association de nombreux marqueurs linguistiques à une persona de jeune adolescente blanche futile et privilégiée. Cette association idéologique a cimenté un certain nombre de positionnements énonciatifs : le fait qu’un locuteur emploie certains marqueurs du « Valspeak, » le dialecte prétendument parlé par les Valley Girls, peut influer sur la perception d’un observateur extérieur à son égard. Ce stéréotype linguistique a cependant évolué, et de nouveaux marqueurs qui n’étaient pas à l’origine associés au Valspeak ont fini par être perçus comme appartenant à ce dialecte. Le but de cet article est d’interroger la mesure dans laquelle la voix craquée est désormais associée aux Valley Girls. Si la naissance de ce stéréotype a permis l’association entre certains marqueurs linguistiques et cette persona, il s’agit de montrer que l’intégration de la voix craquée à ce dialecte est la preuve d’une évolution de ce stéréotype. Afin de tester cette hypothèse, une étude de perception du dialecte Valspeak a été menée en mars/avril 2019 sur le campus de California State University, Northridge. 123 étudiants ont participé à une étude quantitative et 70 autres à des entretiens qualitatifs. Les résultats montrent que les participants associent bien la voix craquée à la persona Valley Girl. Cette qualité de voix peut indexer des caractéristiques Valley Girl négatives, comme la superficialité ou la stupidité, mais d’autres étudiants l’associent à des caractéristiques qui ne sont pas ouvertement socialement stigmatisées, comme le fait d’être économiquement privilégié(e).
Un enseignement littéraire en classe inversée : les dessous d’un contrat
Authors: Claude Marie-Sylvie , Rayou Patrick 
Published: January 2022

Cet article étudie un dispositif de classe inversée en français en collège, dans le cadre d’un travail sur la lecture de textes poétiques. Une séance a été filmée, les productions des élèves et les supports de travail collectés, les interactions entre les élèves, qui travaillent en groupes, enregistrés et transcrits, puis des entretiens semi-directifs d’autoconfrontation aux traces de leur activité menés avec l’enseignante et les élèves. L’analyse de ce corpus est cadrée par des appuis théoriques empruntés à la sociologie de la profession enseignante, à l’analyse de l’activité et à la didactique, notamment la didactique de la littérature. Elle met en évidence qu’être professionnellement et pédagogiquement innovant ne suffit pas toujours à assurer l’apprentissage de savoirs disciplinaires exigeants par l’ensemble des élèves. Inverser la classe semble en effet engager l’enseignante dans trois contrats susceptibles de s’empêcher l’un l’autre : le premier, que l'on peut qualifier de « social » la relie simultanément à l’institution scolaire, dont elle veut suivre au mieux les prescriptions, et à un collectif de professionnels innovants, auquel elle veut adhérer. Le second, d'essence plus pédagogique, la conduit à former des élèves plus autonomes et capables de travailler en équipe. Le troisième, didactique, doit permettre aux élèves de s’approprier les textes littéraires en en faisant une lecture interprétative
Inverser la classe : quelles expériences ? Analyse de l’activité des élèves
Authors: Borer Valérie Lussi , Muller Alain , Rubi Stéphanie 
Published: January 2022

Cette contribution s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une recherche collective pluridisciplinaire s’intéressant aux transformations de l’activité des enseignants et des élèves de niveau collège en contexte de « classe inversée ». À partir d’entretiens semi-directifs et d’autoconfrontation menés avec des enseignants inverseurs et leurs élèves, les données d’entretiens des élèves ont été analysées à l’aide des registres d’apprentissage proposés par Elisabeth Bautier et Patrick Rayou croisés avec la sémiotique de Charles Sanders Peirce. Les premiers résultats font état de différences entre les registres que les élèves mobilisent selon la nature de l’entretien, ainsi que dans l’articulation des registres. La comparaison entre les données obtenues par des entretiens semi-directifs et d’autoconfrontation ouvre des pistes méthodologiques prometteuses qui permettent de faire exprimer l’activité des élèves de manière plus riche et aux chercheurs de mieux appréhender leur expérience.
Clinical effectiveness of a combination of metformin and ipragliflozin in the management of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tan Xiaojie , Sun Guijuan , Yuan Fei , Qu Linfang , Han Aiqiang 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigate the clinical effectiveness of combination of metformin and ipragliflozin in the treatment of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: Patients with T2DM (n = 100) aged 35 – 68 years (mean age = 51.5 ± 16.5 years) were recruited over a 1-year period and randomly assigned to 2 groups (50 patients/group): control and study groups. Control group patients were treated with metformin orally at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight twice a day, while patients in the study group received 50 mg ipragliflozin/kg, orally once a day, in addition to metformin. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (PBG), bedtime glucose (BBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc) concentrations were measured in patients’ plasma before and after treatment. Incidence of adverse reactions, changes in body fat and clinical effectiveness were also determined.
Results: FBG, 2-h PBG, BBG, HbAlc, body fat and incidence of adverse reactions were markedly reduced in T2DM patients treated with the combination of metformin and ipragliflozin, relative to those treated with metformin alone (p < 0.05). After treatment, the proportion of outcomes categorized as ‘markedly effective’ and ‘total effectiveness’ was higher in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The combination of metformin and ipragliflozin is safer and more clinically effective in the treatment of T2DM than metformin monotherapy.
Ursolic acid mitigates cognitive dysfunction through amelioration of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in diabetic rats
Authors: Xianchu Liu , Kang Liu , Huan Peng , Ming Liu 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To determine the effect of ursolic acid (UA) on diabetes-induced cognitive defect, as well as its mechanism of action in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: A rat model of diabetes was established by administration of STZ. The rats received UA via gastric perfusion for 56 successive days. Learning and memory functions were assessed using Morris water maze. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in hippocampus tissues were determined spectrophotometrically. Tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT- PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Bcl-2 and Bax were evaluated by western blotting.
Results: Learning and memory impairment in STZ-induced diabetic rats was mitigated by UA (p < 0.05). In hippocampus tissue, UA reduced oxidative stress by enhancing SOD activity and reducing MDA levels. Furthermore, UA reduced inflammatory response by downregulating TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels (p < 0.05). Concomitantly, the lower protein concentrations of Nrf-2 and HO-1 were elevated by administration of UA. Furthermore, UA suppressed Bax/Bcl-2 ratio to ameliorate apoptosis (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: UA reduces diabetes-induced hippocampal oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Thus, it might be a potential drug candidate for delaying diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD).
Screening of quality markers of Jie-Geng decoction based on integration of multiple methods
Authors: Fan Zhiyuan , Han Xue , Xia Lingling , Xu Xiaohong , Xie Jing , Zhang Quan , Su Qing , Sheng Yanmei , Xie Xingliang 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To screen quality markers of Jie-Geng decoction (JGD) through multiple analytical methods and integration of network pharmacology and HPLC-ELSD fingerprint.
Methods: Network pharmacology was used to screen the potential bioactive components of JGD. Simultaneously, HPLC-ELSD fingerprint combined with multiple analytical methods was carried out for determination of the chemical compounds in JGD. Subsequently, quality markers for identification of quality variations in JGD were established through the integration of results from network pharmacology and fingerprinting, in combination with similarity analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA).
Results: A total of 110 compounds responsible for the regulation of 36 target genes in airway inflammation and cough were identified through network pharmacology. Furthermore, 37 characteristic components were obtained through fingerprints. Similarity analysis revealed that the main bioactive compounds in the various batches of JGD were similar. Also, HCA and OPLS-DA analyses were performed to identify the potential quality markers. Glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin, and platycodin D were selected as quality markers, based on effectiveness, measurability, and distinguishability. Furthermore, quality variations in JGD arose mostly from variations in origin of gancao.
Conclusion: The screened quality markers for JGD are useful in evaluation of factors that affect the quality and variation in JGD. The concept of integration of network pharmacology and fingerprint with multiple analytical methods might be a novel strategy for quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulations.
Antimycobacterial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of nine plants against Mycobacterium bacteria
Authors: Singh Alveera , Venugopala Katharigatta N. , Pillay Melendran , Shode Francis , Coovadia Yacoob , Odhav Bharti 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The present study was done to evaluate the antimycobacterial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of nine plants viz., Buddleja saligna, Carpobrotus dimidiatus, Capparis tomentosa, Dichrostachys cinerea, Ekebergia capensis, Ficus sur, Gunnera perpensa, Leonotis leonurus and Tetradenia riparia in South Africa.
Methods: Aqueous and methanol extracts of the leaves the plants were tested in vitro for their activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 25177) and three well-characterized clinical isolates of MDR and XDR-TB isolates using the agar incorporation method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each of the active plant extract was determined using the broth microdilution method. Cytotoxic effect was evaluated against the mouse BALB/C monocyte macrophage (J774.2) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) whole the toxicity screening was done using the brine shrimp lethality assay. Composition of each of the plants was determined using thin layer chromatography while qualitative analysis of antimycobacterial compounds was done using TLC-Bioautography
Results: The methanol extracts of B. saligna, C. tormentosa and C. dimidiatus; and aqueous extracts of G. perpensa and T. riparia possessed significant activity against M. smegmatis, M. tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 25177) and the three well-characterized clinical isolates of MDR and XDR-TB. Except for a high concentration of G. perpensa none of the other plants which possessed antimycobacterial activity showed any toxic or cytotoxic activity.
Conclusion: Our findings show that B. saligna, C. tormentosa, C. dimidiatus, G. perpensa, and T. riparia have antimycobacterial activity. Further studies would aim at isolation and identification of the active compounds from the plants extracts which had positive antimycobacterial activity.
Demethoxycurcumin inhibits the growth of human lung cancer cells by targeting of PI3K/AKT/m-TOR signalling pathway, induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell migration and invasion
Authors: Chen Yunlong , Wu Mianhua 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To determine the antitumor effect of demethoxycurcumin on lung cancer cells, as well as its effect on PI3K/AKT/m-TOR signalling, cellular apoptosis, cell migration and cell invasion.
Methods: Cell viability was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, while AO/EB and annexin V/PI staining assays were used for apoptosis analysis in demethoxycurcumin-treated A-549 lung cancer cells. Transwell chamber assay was used to determine the effect of demethoxycurcumin on migration and invasion of A-549 cells. The expression levels of PI3K/AKT/m-TOR signalling and apoptosis-associated proteins in A-549 cells post- demethoxycurcumin treatment were determined by Western blotting assay.
Results: Demethoxycurcumin markedly inhibited the proliferation of A-549 cells in a dose- and time- reliant fashion. The antiproliferative effect of demethoxycurcumin occurred via stimulation of apoptosis. The expression levels of Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 increased significantly, while Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in A-549 cells post-demethoxycurcumin treatment. Demethoxycurcumin substantially inhibited migration and invasion of A-549 cells, and blocked PI3K/AKT/m-TOR signalling pathway in these cells.
Conclusion: Demethoxycurcumin induces anticancer effects on A-549 cells via targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. It induces cellular apoptosis and inhibits migration and invasion of A-549 cells. Thus, it is a promising anti-lung cancer agent.
A qualitative analysis of critical incident reporting in a paediatric hospital: benefits and weaknesses
Authors: Heuer Luisa , Lehner Markus , Stocker Martin , Szavay Philipp , Zundel Sabine 
Published: January 2022

AIMS OF THE STUDY: The value of critical incident reporting systems (CIRSs) has been shown before but data for paediatric facilities are scarce. We aimed to evaluate a CIRS in a paediatric hospital to analyse its benefits, weaknesses and opportunities.
METHODS: In a qualitative analysis, all incidents reported in 2018 with the anonymous reporting tool (CIRS) of the Children's Hospital Lucerne were evaluated. In an iterative process, categories to group the incidents were created and the data analysed accordingly. The focus was on the problem created through the incident, the type of error and possible avoidance.
RESULTS: 496 incidents were reported in 2018: 307 incidents led to medical errors directly effecting patients, 82 incidents led to organisational problems increasing expenditure and 107 incidents were found to not result in any problem. In the majority of cases (398/496) there was no evidence that the caregiver responsible was informed. Personal feedback was documented in 46 cases. Fifty-two incidents were self-reported.
CONCLUSION: A number of reported incidents helped to identify system-based errors and for these the reporting system proved indispensable. Many of the reported errors were found to have an individual component, or only organisational or no consequences. Our data give evidence that instead of giving direct personal feedback, the anonymous reporting system was utilised. The CIRS is essential to identify system-based errors, but personal feedback needs to become obligatory so caregivers can learn from their error: an additional tool to ensure individual feedback and overcome communication difficulties needs to be created.
Perception of physicians and nursing staff members regarding outside versus bedside ward rounds: ancillary analysis of the randomised BEDSIDE-OUTSIDE trial
Authors: Gross Sebastian , Beck Katharina , Becker Christoph , Gamp Martina , Mueller Jonas , Loretz Nina , Amacher Simon A. , Bohren Chantal , Gaab Jens , Schuetz Philipp , Mueller Beat , Fux Christoph A. , Leuppi Jörg D. , Schaefert Rainer , Langewitz Wolf , Trendelenburg Marten , Breidthardt Tobias , Eckstein Jens , Osthoff Michael , Bassetti Stefano , Hunziker Sabina 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: We recently compared the effects of bedside and outside the room ward rounds on patients’ knowledge about their medical care. Here, we report preferences of medical and nursing staff members regarding outside versus bedside ward rounds.

METHODS: Within this ancillary project of a large multicentre randomised controlled trial, we prospectively conducted a survey of medical and nursing staff members participating in the weekly consultant ward rounds in the internal medicine division of three Swiss teaching hospitals between July 2017 and October 2019. Participants were asked about their preferences on outside versus bedside ward rounds. The primary endpoint was satisfaction of healthcare workers with the ward round measured with a visual analogue scale from 0 to 100.

RESULTS: Between July 2017 and October 2019, 919 patients were included in the trial, and we received 891 survey responses (nurses 15.6%, residents 26.8%, attending physicians 29.6%, consultants 7.8% and chief physicians 20.2%. In the overall analysis, mean (± standard deviation) satisfaction of healthcare workers was higher with outside the room than bedside ward rounds (78.03 ± 16.96 versus 68.25 ± 21.10 respectively; age-, gender- and centre-adjusted difference of –10.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] –12.73 to –8.19; p <0.001). Healthcare workers reported better time management, more discussion of sensitive topics and less discomfort when case presentations were conducted outside the room. A stratified subgroup analysis considering the profession, however, showed strong differences, with nurses being more satisfied with bedside rounds (69.20 ± 20.32 versus 65.32 ± 20.92, respectively; adjusted difference 4.35, 95% CI –1.79 to 10.51; p <0.001), whereas attending physicians showed higher satisfaction with outside the room rounds (82.63 ± 13.87 versus 66.59 ± 21.82; adjusted difference –16.51, 95% CI –20.29 to –12.72; p = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS: While bedside ward rounds are considered more patient centred and are preferred by the nursing staff, physicians prefer outside the room presentation of patients during ward rounds because of the perceived better discussion of sensitive topics, better time management and less staff discomfort. Continuous training including medical communication techniques may help to increase satisfaction of physicians with bedside ward rounds.
Trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03210987
INTERFERENSI PENGGUNAAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA SISWA KELAS VII SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA NEGERI 1 UBUD TAHUN 2021
Authors: Parmini Ni Putu 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that cause interference among VII grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Ubud in 2021. The expectation of using Bahasa Indonesia properly and correctly has often been carried out. The use of Bahasa Indonesia among junior high school students, especially VII grade students, found that there were many deviations both inside and outside the classroom. Those deviations were found by the authors when observing during the learning process in class and during breaks outside the classroom. In addition, the results of the interview also showed that interference occurs and the causes of interference. The causes of interference in VII grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Ubud in 2021 were prestigious motives, waning loyalty to Indonesian, bilinguality on students, loss of vocabulary, the need to clarify speech, tendency to use foreign languages ​​and carry over of habits in local languages. This should be overcome by familiarizing and monitoring student communication in Bahasa Indonesia, both in the Bahasa Indonesia language learning process and other fields of study.

Key words: Interference, Use of Bahasa Indonesia, VII Grade Students
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGIDENTIFIKASI STRUKTUR DAN UNSUR KEBAHASAAN TEKS CERITA FANTASI SISWA KELAS VII B SMP NEGERI 6 TABANAN
Authors: Puspadi Ni Luh Nanik 
Published: January 2022

Learning to identify the structure and linguistic elements of fantasy story texts has been taught in class VII B State Junior High School 6 Tabanan according to the 2013 curriculum. the average obtained by students is still relatively low. This happens because of the inaccuracy of the learning method applied by the teacher when the learning process takes place. Teachers theorize more, so students feel bored and less interested in participating in learning. This study aims to describe students' abilities in identifying the structure and linguistic elements of fantasy story texts before and after applying the discovery learning method and improving learning outcomes obtained by class VII B students of State Junior High School 6 Tabanan in the 2021/2022 academic year. Data collection methods used, namely the method of observation, test method and method of recording documents. Observation method was used to obtain data about students' attitudes and behavior. The test method is used to determine the students' ability to identify the structure and linguistic elements of fantasy story texts. The data analysis method used is descriptive analysis method. Based on the data analysis that has been carried out, the results obtained are, the average value of students in the pre-cycle is 65.00 then in the first cycle it increases to 73.82 with a percentage increase of 14.76% and in the second cycle it increases again to 84.41 with a percentage increase of 14.76%. an increase of 15.51%. Thus, if it is connected with the action hypothesis, the ability to identify the structure and linguistic elements of fantasy story texts by applying the discovery learning method for class VII B students of State Junior High School 6 Tabanan in the 2021/2022 school year increases significantly.

Key words: Identifying, Structure and Language Elements, Fantasy Story Text, Discovery Learning Method
SOSIALISASI PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK YANG BENAR PADA KONSUMEN APOTEK YUDHISTIRA SURAKARTA
Authors: Pambudi Risma Sakti 
Published: January 2022

Antibiotik digunakan sebagai salah satu pengobatan konsumen infeksi. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tepat dapat memberikan manfaat bagi konsumen, akan tetapi jika tidak digunakan dengan benar dapat mengakibatkan resistensi bakteri atau konsumen dapat kebal terhadap antibiotik. Salah satu Langkah yang dapat dilakukan adalah pemberian edukasi dalam penggunaan antibiotik yang bijak dan benar pada masyarakat. Sosialisasi dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dan diskusi dengan para konsumen di Apotek Yudhistira Surakarta. Hasil sosialisasi kepada 30 konsumen menunjukkan bahwa sebelum diberi pemaparanterdapat 16 konsumen belum paham tentang penggunaan antibiotik. Akan tetapi setelah diberi pemaparan 30 konsumen sudah bisa memahami tentang penggunaan antibiotik secara benar. Oleh karena itu, perlu dukungan dari profesi kesehatan lainnya untuk memberikan edukasi penggunaan antibiotik yang bijak dan benar guna mewujudkan upaya pemerintah dalam menurunkan resistensi bakteri.
PENGARUH FAKTOR FUNDAMENTAL TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN SUBSEKOR MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI PERIODE 2013-2018
Authors: Rinofah Risal , Cahyani Elah Ria 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Current Ratio, Return On equity, Debt to Equity Ratio, dan Price Book Value on Stock Return. The population of this research is the food and beverage companies for the 2013-2018. Samples were taken using purposive sumping techniquie. The sample consisted of 11 companies from 16 food and beverage companies liested on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013-2018, so the research data analyzed amounted to 60. Based on hypothesis testing using the t test, it is concluded that Current Ratio has a negative and significant effect on Stock Return, Return On Equity has a positive and significant effect on Stock Return, Debt to Equity Ratio has a negative and significant effect on Stock Return, Price Book Value has a significant negative effect.