bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsibility of citizens in food safety social co-governance in the context of China
Authors: Wu Linhai , Qin Ke , Chen Xiujuan 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to identify all actors that hold some responsibility for ensuring food safety based on the complete food supply chain in the context of China's current circumstances.MethodsThe study was conducted among citizens in Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. All citizens fully understood the purpose of the study and voluntarily agreed to participate. From December 10 to 14, 2020, a total of 398 valid samples were collected by the researchers using a structured questionnaire. Survey data were assessed using best–worst scaling and a mixed logit model from the perspective of citizen responsibility.ResultsIn descending order, responsibility for ensuring food safety goes from food producers and traders (including producers, distributors, and retailers) to the government, social organizations, news media, and finally to citizens. Food producers and traders are the actors who should take the greatest responsibility, whereas citizens bear the least responsibility.ConclusionThe responsibility of citizens in food safety co-governance should be recognized but it should not be arbitrarily extended.
Factors related to sustainable employment of people with acquired brain injury or spinal cord injury: The employer's perspective
Authors: Schiffmann Barbara , Finger Monika E. , Karcz Katarzyna , Staubli Stefan , Trezzini Bruno 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundOf those people with an acquired brain injury (ABI) or spinal cord injury (SCI) who initially successfully returned to paid employment, some exit the workforce before reaching official retirement age. Employers play a central role in ensuring a sustainable work situation for employees with a disability and in preventing such exits. However, the factors and mechanisms involved from the employer's perspective are still poorly understood.PurposeThe purpose was to determine factors which, from employer's perspective, have a particularly positive or negative influence on sustainable employment of people with ABI or SCI.MethodsTwenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with employers of people with ABI or SCI and thematically analyzed.ResultsIdentified factors could be assigned to four thematic areas for both health conditions: socio-demographic and psychological characteristics of the disabled person, their work performance, the work environment, and other social/environmental conditions. Good disability self-management and proactive communication of needs on the part of the employee are contributing factors to long-term employment from the employer's perspective. Differing expectations and assessments of work performance by employees and employers pose a challenge. Employers feel a responsibility to provide an optimal work environment to allow the employee with a disability to reach his or her full potential. This includes appropriate work tasks, development opportunities, a compassionate work team, flexible work arrangements, providing resources to address specific needs, and an inclusive culture. Employers find the support provided by occupational specialists very helpful, as they often lack the knowledge to design the work environment to meet the person's needs.ConclusionsEmployers emphasize the benefits of professional support during vocational rehabilitation to prepare employers and employees for long-term, sustainable employment. Such support is often lacking when changes and problems occur at a later stage. Therefore, people with a disability should be able to communicate their work-related needs and take charge of their own health so that problems that arise can be addressed as early as possible. Continued awareness of the environment is also beneficial. In addition, the expansion of low-threshold health-specific support services for long-term problems was found to be of great importance for employers in Switzerland.
Exercise engagement drives changes in cognition and cardiorespiratory fitness after 8 weeks of aerobic training in sedentary aging adults at risk of cognitive decline
Authors: Hinchman Carrie A. , Cabral Danylo F. , Ciesla Marissa , Flothmann Marti , Nunez Christina , Rice Jordyn , Loewenstein David A. , Kitaigorodsky Marcela , Cahalin Lawrence P. , Rundek Tatjana , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , Cattaneo Gabriele , Gomes-Osman Joyce 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundWith our aging population, many individuals are at risk of developing age-related cognitive decline. Physical exercise has been demonstrated to enhance cognitive performance in aging adults. This study examined the effects of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise on cognitive performance and cardiorespiratory fitness in sedentary aging adults at risk for cognitive decline.MethodsFifty-two participants (age 62.9 ± 6.8, 76.9% female) engaged in eight weeks of moderate-to high-intensity exercise (19 in-person, 33 remotely). Global cognition was measured by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, and the Digit Span subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) Fourth Edition. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured via heart rate recovery at minute 1 (HRR1) and 2 (HRR2), and exercise engagement (defined as percent of total exercise time spent in the prescribed heart rate zone). We measured pre and post changes using paired t-tests and mixed effects models, and investigated the association between cardiorespiratory and cognitive performance using multiple regression models. Cohen's d were calculated to estimate effect sizes.ResultsOverall, 63.4 % of participants demonstrated high engagement (≥ 70% total exercise time spent in the prescribed heart rate zone). There were significant pre-post improvements in verbal fluency and verbal memory, and a significant decrement in working memory, but these were associated with small effect sizes (Cohen's d &lt;0.5). Concerning cardiorespiratory fitness, there was a pre-to-post significant improvement in HRR1 (p = 0.01, d = 0.30) and HRR2 (p &lt; 0.001, d = 0.50). Multiple regressions revealed significant associations between cardiorespiratory and cognitive performance, but all were associated with small effect sizes (Cohen's d &lt; 0.5). Interestingly, there were significant between-group differences in exercise engagement (all p &lt; 0.001), with remote participants demonstrating greater exercise engagement than in-person participants.ConclusionImprovements in cognition and cardiorespiratory fitness were observed after 8 weeks of moderate to high-intensity exercise in aging adults. These results suggest that committing to a regular exercise regimen, even for a brief two-month period, can promote improvements in both cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive performance, and that improvements are driven by exercise engagement.
Optical Properties of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Single-Crystals Doped with Terbium Oxide
Authors: Wang Yazhao , Zhu Zhonghua , Ta Shengdi , Cheng Zeyu , Zhang Peng , Zeng Ninghan , Goodman Bernard Albert , Xu Shoulei , Deng Wen 
Published: August 2022

A series of yttria-stabilized zirconia single-crystals doped with 0.000–0.250 mol% Tb4O7 was prepared by the optical floating-zone method. As shown by XRD and Raman spectroscopy, all of the crystals had a cubic-phase structure. These were initially orange–yellow in color, which is indicative of the presence of Tb4+ ions, but they then became colorless after being annealed in a H2/Ar atmosphere as a result of the reduction of Tb4+ to Tb3+. The absorption spectra of the unannealed samples show both the 4f 8→4f 75d1 transition of Tb3+ ions and the Tb4+ charge-transfer band. In addition, the transmittance of the crystals was increased by annealing. Under irradiation with 300 nm of light, all of the single-crystal samples showed seven emission peaks in the visible region, corresponding to the decay from the 5D3,4 excited state of Tb3+ to the 7FJ (J = 6–0) states. The most intense emission was at 544 nm, which corresponds to the typical strong green emission from the 5D4→7F5 transition in Tb3+ ions.
Seeking Ways for Dealing with the Impacts of Sandstorms on the Railway Network in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almujibah Hamad , Elamary Ahmed , Alwetaishi Mamdooh 
Published: August 2022

Sandstorms that cause shifting dunes are a huge technical challenge in the development of the railway network in Saudi Arabia, and are known as one of the most concerning atmospheric aspects. In this case, the weather or climate change makes railways more problematic and costly in Saudi Arabia compared to other countries. The purpose of this article is to develop Saudi Arabia’s rail system in order to overcome environmental difficulties and obstacles such as wind–sand flow behavior and other impediments (e.g., camels) by constructing obstructions such as protective walls and dykes. Theoretical analysis is used to investigate the major components that influence wind velocity and density. The wind velocity in the majority of the locations in Saudi Arabia was employed as a control value in this study, which was based on the Saudi building standard SBC301. Sandstorm protection is best achieved by combining four different building solutions, including ditches, dykes, trees, and concrete barriers. The site parameters, such as sand particle size, air velocity, and the required downwind strip distance, all influence which of the four recommended approaches is optimal. From this study, it is concluded that the wind speed at the height of interest (barrier height) should be calculated using wind shear exponents ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 depending on the topography and surface roughness aspects. A new equation based on two parameters, Q1 and n, as a function of the wind shear exponent is suggested to predict the percentage of wind velocity increase (Vinc %) over the barriers. This study found that the protected distance between the downwind strip and the receiver might be anywhere between 20 and 40 m.
Hydroquinine Possesses Antibacterial Activity, and at Half the MIC, Induces the Overexpression of RND-Type Efflux Pumps Using Multiplex Digital PCR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Rattanachak Nontaporn , Weawsiangsang Sattaporn , Jongjitvimol Touchkanin , Baldock Robert A , Jongjitwimol Jirapas 
Published: August 2022

Hydroquinine is an organic compound that is closely related to quinine-derivative drugs and contains anti-malarial and anti-arrhythmia activities. It has been also found in abundance in some natural extracts that possess antibacterial properties. However, there is little evidence demonstrating the antibacterial effect of hydroquinine. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of hydroquinine using broth microdilution methods. In addition, we evaluated the transcriptional responses of P. aeruginosa to hydroquinine-induced stress using RNA sequencing with transcriptomic analysis and validated the results using PCR-based methods. The MIC and MBC values of hydroquinine against all eight bacterial strains investigated ranged from 650 to 2500 and from 1250 to 5000 µg/mL, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that RND efflux pump transcripts were overexpressed (4.90–9.47 Log2 fold change). Using mRT-dPCR and RT-qPCR, we identified that mRNA levels of mexD and mexY genes were overexpressed in response to just half the MIC of hydroquinine in P. aeruginosa. In conclusion, we uncover the antimicrobial potential of hydroquinine as well as identify changes in gene expression that may contribute to bacterial resistance. Further work will be required to explore the efficacy and potential use of hydroquinine in the clinic.
XENON ANESTHESIA IN A CHILD WITH AUTISM DURING DENTAL TREATMENT (CLINICAL CASE)
Authors: Лазарев В.В. , Халиуллин Д.М. , Габдрафиков Р.Р. , Грачева Е.С. , Кузнецова Е.Е. 
Published: August 2022

Аутизм сложное расстройство, требующее междисциплинарного подхода. Цель исследования: Оценить неврологический статус у ребенка с аутизмом в периоперационном периоде при стоматологическом лечении с использованием комбинированной ингаляционной анестезии на основе ксенона. Материалы и методы: Проведено клиническое наблюдение ребенка с аутизмом, которому проведена санация полости рта с применением ксеноновой анестезии. Результаты: Отмечены положительные изменения в психическом статусе у ребенка с аутизмом после анестезии ксеноном. Выводы: Авторы считают перспективным изучение влияния ксенона на психоэмоцианальную сферу у детей с патологией ЦНС
Autism is a complex disorder that requires an interdisciplinary approach. Objective: To assess the neurological status of a child with autism in the perioperative period in dental treatment using combined inhalation anesthesia based on xenon. Materials and methods: A clinical observation of a child with autism, who conducted the oral cavity sanation with the use of xenon anesthesia. Results: There were positive changes in the mental status of a child with autism after xenon anesthesia. Conclusions: The authors consider it promising to study the influence of xenon on the psychoemotional sphere in children with CNS pathology
PHYTOTHERAPY IN ONCOLOGY
Authors: Жуковская Е.В. , Петрушкина Н.П. 
Published: August 2022

В обзоре авторы обсуждают возможность применения фитопрепаратов для лечения злокачественных новообразований. В историческом аспекте растительное сырье всегда было источником разработки противоопухолевых препаратов. В народной медицине чага, болиголов и другие использовались веками. Современная фармакология, выделяя из растений действующее начало, синтезирует аналоги, доводя их до уровня лекарственных препаратов. Важная роль принадлежит растениям благодаря выработке фитохимических соединений, обладающих антипролиферативной, иммуномодулирующей активности. Примерами терапевтического потенциала продуктов растительного происхождения являются ингибирующие микротрубочки алкалоиды барвинка, ингибитор ДНКтопоизомеразы I, камптотецин, терпенпаклитаксел или лигнаны этопозид и тенипозид, полученные из подофиллотоксина. Использование омических технологий, цитогенетические методы, метаболомные и т. п., обеспечивают получение субстанций из растительного сырья для создания таргетных препаратов и прецизионной медицины
In the review, the authors discuss the possibility of using herbal remedies for the treatment of malignant neoplasms. In the historical aspect, plant raw materials have always been sources of the development of anticancer drugs. In folk medicine, chaga, hemlock and others have been used for centuries. Modern pharmacology, isolating the active principle from plants, synthesizes analogs leading them to the level of drugs. An important role belongs to plants due to the production of phytochemical compounds with antiproliferative, immunomodulatory activity. examples of the therapeutic potential of products of plant origin are microvule inhibitory vinca alkaloids, DNAinhibitor topoisomerase I, camptothecin, terpenepaclitaxel or lignans obtained from podophyllotoxin, etoposide and teniposide. substances from vegetable raw materials for the creation of targeted drugs and precision medicine
RENDIMIENTO, COMPONENTES DE RENDIMIENTO Y HETEROSIS DE GERMOPLASMA DE MAÍZ ADAPTADO A VALLES ALTOS
Authors: Velasco-García Ángela M. , García-Zavala J. Jesús , Sahagún-Castellanos Jaime , Lobato-Ortiz Ricardo , Sánchez-Abarca Carlos , Marín-Montes Iván M. 
Published: August 2022

Las variedades de maíz (Zea mays L.) introducidas de otras latitudes son una fuente de alelos favorables de utilidad en el mejoramiento genético, pero antes de ser empleados deben adaptarse a las condiciones climáticas de los ambientes de interés. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el rendimiento y sus componentes en poblaciones representativas de razas de maíz originarias del trópico y subtrópico adaptadas por selección masal recurrente a los Valles Altos de México, así como la heterosis de sus cruzas interraciales para identificar genotipos útiles al mejoramiento genético del maíz para esos ambientes. Se evaluaron nueve poblaciones de maíz adaptado, ocho cruzas de dos poblaciones, una cruza de tres poblaciones, generaciones avanzadas de las cruzas y cuatro testigos comerciales. Los genotipos se evaluaron en tres ambientes bajo un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Se registró el rendimiento y sus componentes. Se realizó análisis de varianza, comparación de medias (Tukey, P ≤ 0.05), análisis de correlación y se estimó la heterosis con respecto al progenitor medio. Hubo diferencias significativas (P ≤ 0.01) entre genotipos para todos los caracteres; los materiales adaptados rindieron de 3.89 a 11.71 t ha-1 y los testigos de 8.06 a 11.56 t ha-1. El rendimiento correlacionó con el índice de prolificidad (r = 0.67), longitud (r = 0.64), diámetro de mazorca (r = 0.65) y número de granos por hilera (r = 0.64). La heterosis promedio para rendimiento y sus componentes fluctuó de -5.30 a 6.53 %, con 5.68 % para rendimiento, donde la cruza F1 P9 × P8 presentó la mayor heterosis (26.19 %). Las poblaciones adaptadas y sus cruzas presentaron rendimientos similares a los testigos comerciales; por esto, pueden aprovecharse per se o como participantes para mejoramiento genético del maíz local de Valles Altos.
Los derechos y garantías constitucionales en Ecuador
Authors: Ronquillo-Riera Orlando Iván , Borbor-Palacios Freddy Alejandro , Montúfar-Álvarez Carlos Antonio 
Published: August 2022

El objetivo general de la presente investigación fue analizar jurídicamente los derechos y garantías constitucionales en Ecuador. Se desarrolló desde el paradigma positivista, atendiendo los lineamientos, fundamentados en una investigación descriptiva desde la perspectiva cuantitativa la cual produce datos descriptivos, apoyado en una investigación documental-bibliográfica. También, se aplicó el método inductivo-deductivo, el cual propone que para descubrir una verdad se deben buscar los hechos y no fundamentarse en meras especulaciones. Además, el método analítico-sintético por medio del cual, se descompone un todo en partes extrayendo cualidades, componentes, relaciones y más para posteriormente unir las partes analizadas. El manejo de estos métodos hizo viable que se analicen doctrinas, cuerpos normativos, documentos jurídicos, bibliografía, trabajos arbitrados, la cual luego del análisis pertinente, permitió que se generen criterios. Se concluye que los derechos y garantías constitucionales en Ecuador, se encuentra tipificado en la Constitución de la República, es recomendable su promoción y difusión pública.
Product and process models of writing and their pedagogical practices
Authors: Franco-Franco Lidice Mónica , Esteves-Fajardo Zila Isabel , Alcívar-Olvera Mainer Gregorio , Garcés-Garcés Norma Narcisa 
Published: August 2022

The general objective of this research was to describe the product and process models of writing and their pedagogical practices. This research was developed from the qualitative approach, using several bibliographic sources in order to obtain real information and to be able to reach the stated objective. In addition, the following methods were used: historical-logical, since it helped to establish the relationships between the facts that take place in the development of science, analytical-synthetic, since it was possible to generate a superior knowledge since additional knowledge was added to previous concepts, and the inductive method. It is concluded that both the product theory of writing and the process theory of writing are insufficient to address the semiotic, discursive and pragmatic components of written language. This is because they neglect the social-cultural character of language
Estabilidad de miniimplantes en el paladar como método de anclaje. Revisión narrativa
Authors: Tapia-Figueroa Gabriela Estefanny , Lima-Illescas Miriam Verónica 
Published: August 2022

Actualmente los dispositivos de anclaje esquelético temporal palatinos se han convertido en una herramienta importante en los tratamientos de ortodoncia y han creado un cambio en la biomecánica y el anclaje, obteniendo ahora movimientos antes limitados; por ello esta revisión bibliográfica tiene como objetivo evaluar la estabilidad de miniimplantes en el paladar como método de anclaje mediante una revisión narrativa e informativa, considerando investigaciones sobre el tema, en buscadores científicos como PubMed, Scopus, Portal regional BVS, Ovid, Taylor & Francis Online y Web of Science; donde se demuestra que paladar es un hueso con adecuada altura y espesor óseo para la colocación de miniimplantes, debido a sus características morfológicas y anatómicas especialmente en las zonas del paladar medioanterior y paramediano.
Alarma fitosanitaria basada en algoritmo lógica Fuzzy para prevenir la monilla en cultivos de cacao
Authors: Granizo-Vera Carlos Efraín , García-Cabezas Eduardo Francisco , Santillán-Mariño Carlos José , Orozco-Ramos Jhonny Marcelo 
Published: August 2022

El objetivo de la investigación es diseñar una alarma fitosanitaria basada en algoritmo lógica Fuzzy para prevenir la monilla en cultivos de cacao. La seguridad de los equipos prevalece ante cualquier situación y se optó por cambiar la ubicación de EMA al INIAP, que es aliado estratégico del PATFA. Las condiciones climáticas de la región amazónica del Ecuador (Coca), hace que las plantaciones presenten varios tipos de enfermedades y plagas, donde sobresalen: “escoba de bruja” Moniliophthora perniciosa, “mazorca negra” Phytophthora palmivora y, el caso de estudio, la “monilla” Moniliophthora roreri. Se analizó muestras enfermas y sanas de un mismo árbol tomadas aleatoriamente caracterizando la enfermedad y mediante análisis de las condiciones ideales de presencia y crecimiento de la plaga. Se concluye que los resultados proporcionaron datos fiables para elaborar la alarma fitosanitaria por medio del algoritmo, que debe implementarse para evitar la presencia de plagas en plantaciones de cacao.
Alternativas de emprendimiento joven. Propuestas de negocios agroecológicos como aporte al desarrollo local
Authors: Torres-Morillo Kevin Andrés , Cuarán-Guerrero Mireya Silvana 
Published: August 2022

El presente estudio tiene por objeto presentar la investigación tiene por objetivo analizar las alternativas de emprendimiento joven: propuestas de negocios agroecológicos como aporte al desarrollo local en parroquias rurales de la provincia de Imbabura Ecuador. Utilizando metodologías de campo a través de la aplicación de encuestas jóvenes productores, obteniendo como resultado una alta aceptación para la demanda de productos agroecológicos y carne de animales menores; así como la existencia de oportunidades de financiamiento y apoyo para el emprendimiento por parte de instituciones de estado. La realización del plan de negocio ha permitido dimensionar el espacio físico requerido, la inversión en activos y las estrategias de administración y venta que le permitan llegar al mercado objetivo que en este caso son las amas de casa de la ciudad de Otavalo, planteando estrategias de venta que van desde la venta directa hasta el pedido online para ser llevado a domicilio.
Plataforma online de compra y venta de ropa de segunda mano
Authors: Manobanda-Urbano Kennyfer Rosalía , Loor-Toapanta Angie Lisbeth , Cortez-Arias Mercy Sugey , Baque-Villanueva Lisenia Karina 
Published: August 2022

La presente investigación tiene como propósito elaborar un proyecto de inversión para la creación de una plataforma online de compra y venta de ropa usada de segunda mano. De tipo descriptiva. Se obtuvieron como conclusiones que el estudio de mercado refleja que la implementación de una plataforma online de compra y venta de ropa usada, es factible debido al avance de la tecnología, lo cual incide que la realización de los pedidos online se los pueda realizar más ágilmente a través de diferentes dispositivos en línea. El estudio técnico refleja que la empresa está en capacidad de ofrecer a sus clientes productos de calidad, a precios cómodos que cumplan con sus necesidades y exigencias, abarcando sus gustos de acuerdo a su estilo de ver y vivir la vida, lo cual contribuirá a que la empresa VINTED, sea una empresa líder y reconocida en la venta de ropa en línea.