bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precarious Forms
Authors: Entin Joseph B. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines novels by Dave Eggers, Tomás Rivera, Jamaica Kincaid, and Jesmyn Ward that narrate varied forms of labor precarity and social vulnerability in an increasingly globalized world dominated by the expansive reach of neoliberal capitalism. These narratives depict the diversity of precarious labor, from high tech consulting to agricultural and care work to prison labor, and the intricate imbrication of labor with race and citizenship status. While the precarity of labor has intensified since the emergence of post-Fordist forms of production, these narratives also suggest that labor’s vulnerability is a foundational fact under racial capitalism. The chapter focuses not only on the heterogenous figures of labor contingency across these texts but also on the precarious forms these writers adopt to lend aesthetic shape to conditions of radical uncertainty as well as the nascent possibilities of solidarity that typically hover just beyond full articulation as opaque, but still palpable, contradictions to the market-based freedom and privatized individualism that otherwise pervade neoliberal literary culture.
The Book of Love is Long and Boring
Authors: Freeman Elizabeth 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter describes the practice of reading aloud to children as disciplinary care work. It centers on phonic readers for children, taking up Friedrich Kittler’s assertion that the mother’s voice and bodily plenitude compensate for the disciplinary work of phonics and the fundamentally arbitrary relation between grapheme and phoneme. Using Patricia Crain’s work on the history of alphabet books and moving between memoir and analysis, the chapter examines how particular texts, adult readers, and children resist both phonics and the lure of maternal embodiment to work beyond what Kittler calls “alphabetization.” Moving from Go the Fuck to Sleep to ABC books and through the Cat in the Hat books, the chapter concludes by celebrating a particularly creative child’s reappropriation of Dr Seuss’s On Beyond Zebra.
Faulkner at the Speed of History
Authors: Goble Mark 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter looks at how Faulkner’s fiction figures and conceptualizes historical change over time. The briefest of moments are subjected to exhausting descriptions of scene and movement even as whole periods and epochs are compressed into a single clause or sentence. These manipulations of narrative time let Faulkner’s fiction pose a set of questions about how fast or slow history takes place. The chapter links Faulkner’s first months working as a screenwriter in Hollywood to the final production and publication of Light in August, a novel that features some of his most explicit references to cinematic technique. Repeated allusions to slow motion—as both a special effect and material fact of rural underdevelopment—allow him to explore the dialectical velocities of modernization.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulators
Authors: Peterchev Angel V. , Riehl Mark E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulators are used for clinical diagnostic and therapeutic applications as well as in support of research. Consequently, a number of stimulator types and design variations have been developed to serve these purposes each having unique design requirements. Key design elements and performance trade-offs are discussed for conventional monophasic and biphasic pulse generators as well as new circuit topologies that allow controllability of the pulse shape. A brief review of rTMS pulse sequences and terminology provides a basis for the pulse timing requirements used in the various designs. Alternative approaches to delivery of subthreshold electromagnetic fields are also summarized. Methods for quantification of the induced electric field and the resultant neural responses are presented and can be utilized in device development, calibration, and output comparisons. Finally, an overview is given of unique requirements for TMS systems used in clinical and research environments, including safety and regulatory considerations.
New Developments in the Treatment of Depression with tDCS
Authors: Moffa Adriano H. , Martin Donel , Loo Colleen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common, debilitating and refractory mental disorder. The limited efficacy of pharmacotherapy has caused a growing interest in new forms of interventions like transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Although tDCS is one of the most studied forms of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) in the treatment of depression, results from trials are mixed and modest. This heterogeneity in efficacy outcomes is possibly due to the use of different treatment protocols and clinical characteristics of the sample. This chapter gathers the current state of the evidence on tDCS in depression treatment as a monotherapy and in combination with pharmacotherapy or cognitive interventions. It also covers the effects on cognition outcomes in depressed patients and the safety aspects of the technique. Future directions are considered, particularly home-based tDCS, the use of biomarkers to guide treatment and computational modelling to individualise stimulation parameters.
Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation in Schizophrenia
Authors: Fröhlich Flavio , Jarskog L. Fredrik 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex network disorder in urgent need of novel treatments that are effective and well tolerated. Non-invasive brain stimulation has potential to address this need by restoring impaired network activity patterns associated with the symptoms of schizophrenia. Despite a surge in interest and in the number of (mostly small) trials, no specific paradigm has yet emerged as a game-changing treatment paradigm. Here, we review studies of transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation, and electroconvulsive therapy. We discuss the current challenges and propose several key directions for research aimed at developing the next generation of non-invasive brain stimulation paradigms for the treatment of schizophrenia. In particular, we highlight the importance of measuring target engagement by the stimulation, developing novel stimulation waveforms by rational design, and performing larger, more definite multi-center clinical trials.
The Economic State and the Ordoliberal Critique of Keynesianism
Authors: Plehwe Dieter 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Keynesianism and Ordoliberalism differ with regard to labour markets and collective bargaining in particular. Contrary to Foucault’s claims, however, Walter Eucken conditionally supported Wilhelm Lautenbach’s proto-Keynesian proposal to use public investment to overcome economic stagnation in the early 1930s. And the late 1960s witnessed a pragmatic realignment of modern (Keynesian) macroeconomics and Ordoliberal objectives advanced by economists Karl Schiller and Herbert Giersch. The episode was short-lived due to intransigent trade unions and Social Democratic politicians. Resulting worries about monetary stability transformed and radicalised German neoliberalism in the course of the 1970s. Although Ordoliberals attacked the weak ‘economic’ state on principle, due to the excessive influence of business and labour and resulting state interventions, they relied on a ‘strong state’ to maintain distinct, yet interdependent, economic, political and social orders. Semantic opposition to the economic state thus is best understood as the Ordoliberal way to oppose decommodification of labour and social assistance.
The Social Market Economy and Ordoliberalism—A Difficult Relationship
Authors: Hien Josef 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
While there is a sprawling literature that debates the influence of Ordoliberalism on crisis and Euro politics, there is a striking lack of studies outside of the German-speaking social sciences that trace the Ordoliberal influence within Germany. Someone who associates German political action to Ordoliberal ideas has to put up with a striking paradox: how is it that most of the institutions that constitute the German political economy are of the type that Ordoliberals have feared since the 1930s? This contribution will clarify the relationship between the Ordoliberal thinkers of the Freiburg School and the Social Market Economy in theory and practice.
Politics and the Order of Society
Authors: Møller Stahl Rune 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For the Ordoliberals, a central task for the liberal state was ensuring social order and stability, against the instability created by mass democracy and the adverse social effects of the market economy. This was a task they thought insufficiently developed in the laissez-faire doctrine of classical liberalism, with its supposedly blind faith in the automatism of economic progress. For the Ordoliberals, the act of securing the social order was necessarily a political practice of government. It entailed a strong state that was to create and maintain a competitive market order through the construction of a market liberal economic constitution (Wirtschaftsverfassung), and maintain social order through a social policy that incorporated competitiveness into the mentality of society (Vitalpolitik). In order to fulfil these functions, the state needed to achieve and retain independence from the societal and economic forces that would otherwise undermine the competitive economic order.
Ordoliberal Economic Policy
Authors: Köhler Ekkehard A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Today, Ordoliberalism is perceived as an inspiring intellectual source for ‘globalist’ elites in their attempt to foster crony capitalism, despite the fact that, above all else, the core message of its founder, Walter Eucken, sets out to prevent any form of economic power. I argue that Eucken’s ideas on economic policy can be viewed as a strong resolve against any form of private or public crony capitalism. He countered rising nationalism and étatism with a positive programme of economic policy that suggests markets and the price mechanism as a hypothetical imperative to solve the coordination problem of modern societies. This article sheds light on Eucken’s general ideas for economic policy and highlights their shortcomings.
Eurozone Policy and Crisis
Authors: Bruno Federico 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter investigates the relation between Ordoliberalism and the reforms of European economic governance undertaken during the Euro crisis. First, it reviews the main reforms of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) adopted in the years of the crisis (the Six-pack, the European Stability Mechanism (ESM), the Fiscal Compact, the Two-pack and the Banking Union). Then, it reconstructs the Ordoliberal debate about the Euro crisis and its influence in German politics. After that, it analyses the extent to which the European reforms reflect Ordoliberal principles. The chapter concludes by arguing that the specific character of the ‘Ordoliberalisation’ ensuing the reforms consists in the generalisation of the concept of national responsibility as the cornerstone of European economic governance: in order to promote growth and sustainable public finances, the Member States cannot rely on European coordination, but must commit themselves to austerity and structural reforms.
Walter Eucken
Authors: Wörsdörfer Manuel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Walter Eucken was one of the main representatives of the Freiburg School of Law and Economics and German ‘neoliberalism’, also known as ordoliberalism. This chapter portrays and analyses Eucken’s life and work as well as his ordoliberal legacy. It begins by taking a closer look at Eucken’s personal background and his work as an economist-philosopher. It then examines at great length his main publications—the Grundlagen der Nationalökonomie (Foundations of Economics) and the Grundsätze der Wirtschaftspolitik (Principles of Economic Policy)—from a history of economic thought and business ethics perspective. The chapter concludes with some remarks on Eucken’s legacy and the implications of his work for today’s global political economy.
Superhydrophobicity Can Enhance Convective Heat Transfer in Pressure-Driven Pipe Flow
Authors: Rodriguez-Broadbent Henry , Crowdy Darren G 
Published: October 2022

Summary
Theoretical evidence is given that it is possible for superhydrophobicity to enhance steady laminar convective heat transfer in pressure-driven flow along a circular pipe or tube with constant heat flux. Superhydrophobicity here refers to the presence of adiabatic no-shear zones in an otherwise solid no-slip boundary. Adding such adiabatic no-shear zones reduces not only hydrodynamic friction, leading to greater fluid volume fluxes for a given pressure gradient, but also reduces the solid surface area through which heat enters the fluid. This leads to a delicate trade-off between competing mechanisms so that the net effect on convective heat transfer along the pipe, as typically measured by a Nusselt number, is not obvious. Existing evidence in the literature suggests that superhydrophobicity always decreases the Nusselt number, and therefore compromises the net heat transfer. In this theoretical study, we confirm this to be generally true but, significantly, we identify a situation where the opposite occurs and the Nusselt number increases thereby enhancing convective heat transfer along the pipe.
Construction of a mineralized collagen nerve conduit for peripheral nerve injury repair
Authors: Duan Guman , Li Chengli , Yan Xiaoqing , Yang Shuhui , Wang Shuo , Sun Xiaodan , Zhao Lingyun , Song Tianxi , Pan Yongwei , Wang Xiumei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A new nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) named MC@Col containing Type I collagen (Col) and mineralized collagen (MC) was developed, enhancing mechanical and degradation behavior. The physicochemical properties, the mechanical properties and in vitro degradation behavior were all evaluated. The adhesion and proliferation of Schwann cells (SCs) were observed. In the in vivo experiment, MC@Col NGC and other conduits including Col, chitosan (CST) and polycaprolactone (PCL) conduit were implanted to repair a 10-mm-long Sprague-Dawley rat’s sciatic nerve defect. Histological analyses, morphological analyses, electrophysiological analyses and further gait analyses were all evaluated after implantation in 12 weeks. The strength and degradation performance of the MC@Col NGC were improved by the addition of MC in comparison with pure Col NGC. In vitro cytocompatibility evaluation revealed that the SCs had good viability, attachment and proliferation in the MC@Col. In in vivo results, the regenerative outcomes of MC@Col NGC were close to those by an autologous nerve graft in some respects, but superior to those by Col, CST and PCL conduits. The MC@Col NGC exhibited good mechanical performance as well as biocompatibility to bridge nerve gap and guide nerve regeneration, thus showing great promising potential as a new type of conduit in clinical applications.
Reliability of the Masada Classification for Forearm Involvement in Patients With Hereditary Multiple Osteochondromas (HMO)
Authors: Canizares Maria F. , Wall Lindley B. , Van Heest Ann , Steinman Suzanne , James Michelle A. , Miller Patricia E. , Vuillermin Carley ,   the CoULD Study Group
Published: October 2022

Background:
Classifications describing forearm lesions in patients with Hereditary Multiple Osteochondromatosis (HMO) have been used to recommend surgical intervention and stratify outcomes; however, there is no consensus on which classification offers greater reliability. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of the Masada classification and newer classifications among pediatric hand surgeons.

Methods:
One hundred one patients with HMO between June 2014 and October 2019 were enrolled in the Congenital Upper Limb Differences (CoULD) Registry. Of those, 67 patients with 101 forearms were included. Four pediatric hand surgeons from the CoULD study group undertook an online evaluation. Each rater classified radiographs according to the Masada classification. Six weeks later, raters were asked to reclassify images according to the Masada, Gottschalk, and Jo classifications. Rater agreement for these classifications was assessed by estimating Fleiss kappa along with a 95% CI.

Results:
Interrater agreement for Masada classification after the first reading was poor (κ=0.35; 95% CI=0.30-0.41) across all raters. Interrater agreement across the 4 raters decreased for the Masada classification from the first to the second reading (κ=0.35 vs 0.21; P<0.001). Intrarater agreement for the Masada classification ranged from 0.32 to 0.63 from the first to the second study reading. Gottschalk and Jo classifications yielded significantly better interrater agreement compared with Masada (κ=0.43 vs 0.21; P<0.001). Unclassifiable cases were highest in the Masada classification (34% to 44%) and lower in the Jo (17%) and Gottschalk (14%) classifications.

Conclusion:
Despite wide use, the Masada classification was found to have low reliability when classifying forearm deformities in HMO. Gottschalk offered more options for location, yet lacked deformity description including radial head dislocation. Jo classification offered more locations than Masada and incorporated radial head dislocation in some patterns. Based on the shortcomings in all 3 classification systems, the development of a more inclusive and reliable classification is warranted.

Level of Evidence:
Level II; Diagnostic.
Steroid refractory granulomatous mastitis treated by top surgery: A case report
Authors: Lu Ya-Di , Yu Yen-Chen , Chang Dun-Hao 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a rare inflammatory disease and the presentation mimics infectious mastitis or breast cancer. The disease usually develops at the unilateral breast in women with breast-feeding history at their child-bearing age. Systemic steroids had been proposed as the first-line treatment, the combination of surgery was also recommended for complicated disease. However, recurrence might still happen in some rare cases. Few studies have addressed the management of such difficult situations.

Patient concerns:
We report the case of a 33-year-old androgynous and nulliparous woman who initially presented left breast erythematous swelling and was treated as infectious mastitis with debridement and antibiotics.

Diagnosis:
After wider excision for pathology, the diagnosis of GM was confirmed.

Interventions:
Steroids combined with methotrexate were prescribed. However, the symptoms only subsided temporarily and progressed to the contralateral side within 3 months. She finally underwent double-incision mastectomy and free nipple grafting.

Outcomes:
The surgery was completed uneventfully, and she had a satisfactory result with no more recurrence at the 6-month follow-up.

Lesson:
This GM case with the refractory treatment courses brought out the importance of surgical resection and was the first case report of treating GM with top surgery in the literature. Total mastectomy facilitated a highest complete remission rate of GM and may be advantageous for selected patients, especially in cases where steroids are intolerable.
Clinical study of comprehensive TCM therapy in the treatment of damp and hot stasis erectile dysfunction
Authors: Yao Junchao , Ju Baojun , Li Xiao , Ma Miaomiao , Li Luyu , Zhang Yongtao 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The dilemma of male sexual dysfunction has been the focus of the whole society. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the common sexual dysfunctions, and traditional Chinese medicine therapy has shown potential benefits in the treatment of ED. Comprehensive therapy of traditional Chinese medicine (CTTCM) is a comprehensive application of Chinese medicine therapy for auxiliary intervention. Through preliminary clinical observations, we found that CTTCM is simple, safe, and has good efficacy; however, there is a lack of rigorous clinical trials to support its application. Therefore, we designed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CTTCM for patients with ED of damp-heat stasis type, and to provide evidence for the clinical application of CTTCM and the construction of a traditional Chinese medicine andrology rehabilitation system.

Methods:
In this randomized controlled study, 108 eligible patients were assigned 1:1 to the CTTCM group or the tadalafil group. The treatment period was 8 weeks and the follow-up period was 8 weeks. The primary outcome will be the International Erectile Function Score and traditional Chinese medicine Syndrome Score. Secondary outcomes will include the Erection Quality Score, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Scale. Safety results will include electrocardiogram, blood tests (including blood, liver and kidney function), urine and stool. International Erectile Function Score-5, traditional Chinese medicine Syndrome Score, Erectile Quality Score, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Scale and all Safety outcomes will be conducted at baseline, 2th, 4th, 6th, and 8th week. Follow-up results will be assessed at 8th week after 8 weeks’ treatment.

Discussion:
This study will provide preliminary evidence for the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine integrated therapy in the treatment of damp-heat stasis ED. In addition, it also provides a basis for the clinical application of Chinese medicine comprehensive therapy and the construction of Chinese medicine andrology rehabilitation system.

Trial registration:
Chinese clinical trial registration identifier, ChiCTR2200062016, registered on July 19, 2022.
Prewarming non-inflatable cuff laryngeal mask for mechanical ventilation: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
Authors: Wang Bo , Du Li , Zhang Lu , Zheng Jianqiao 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Non-inflatable cuff laryngeal masks are generally composed of thermoplastic material. The thermoplastic nature of the non-inflatable cuff will become soft and match the laryngeal anatomy better as it reaches body temperature after intubation. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the clinical validity of prewarming non-inflatable cuff laryngeal mask before insertion.

Methods:
We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid Medline, CNKI, Wan Fang Database and VIP Database to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) researching the clinical validity of prewarming non-inflatable cuff laryngeal mask. The retrieval time is up to June 2022. Articles published in the English and Chinese languages were considered. Quality assessment was conducted with the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool and GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) method. Subgroup analyses and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were performed to control the risk of random errors. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and Egger’s regression test. The outcomes included sealing pressure immediately after successful ventilation, the first-attempt intubation success rate and the incidence of postoperative pharyngeal pain.

Results:
Eight RCTs evaluating 683 patients were identified. Pooled results showed that compared to the control group, prewarming non-inflatable cuff laryngeal mask provided a higher sealing pressure immediately after successful ventilation (mean difference: 1.73 cm H2O; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95-2.52; P < .0001; I
2 = 16; high quality), higher first-attempt intubation success rate (risk ratio [RR]: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01-1.09; P = .01; I
2 = 26%; high quality, number needed to treat [NNT] = 22 [95% CI 12.5-100]) and lower incidence of postoperative pharyngeal pain (RR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.46-0.75; P < .0001; I
2 = 0; high quality, NNT = 6 [95% CI 4.17-9.09]). The results were confirmed by TSA.

Conclusion:
Prewarming non-inflatable cuff laryngeal mask could provide better mechanical ventilation efficiency with higher sealing pressure, a higher first-attempt intubation success rate and a lower incidence of postoperative pharyngeal pain.

Trial registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42021245350