bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selecting Candidates for Organ‐Preserving Strategies After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer: Development and Validation of a Model Integrating MRI Radiomics and Pathomics
Authors: Wan Lijuan , Sun Zhuo , Peng Wenjing , Wang Sicong , Li Jiangtao , Zhao Qing , Wang Shuhao , Ouyang Han , Zhao Xinming , Zou Shuangmei , Zhang Hongmei 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundHistopathologic evaluation after surgery is the gold standard to evaluate treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). However, it cannot be used to guide organ‐preserving strategies due to poor timeliness.PurposeTo develop and validate a multiscale model incorporating radiomics and pathomics features for predicting pathological good response (pGR) of down‐staging to stage ypT0‐1N0 after nCRT.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 153 patients (median age, 55 years; 109 men; 107 training group; 46 validation group) with clinicopathologically confirmed LARC.Field Strength/SequenceA 3.0‐T; fast spin echo T2‐weighted and single‐shot EPI diffusion‐weighted images.AssessmentThe differences in clinicoradiological variables between pGR and non‐pGR groups were assessed. Pretreatment and posttreatment radiomics signatures, and pathomics signature were constructed. A multiscale pGR prediction model was established. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated and compared to that of the clinicoradiological model.Statistical TestsThe χ2 test, Fisher's exact test, t‐test, the minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression algorithm, regression analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, Delong method. P < 0.05 indicated a significant difference.ResultsPretreatment radiomics signature (odds ratio [OR] = 2.53; 95% CI: 1.58–4.66), posttreatment radiomics signature (OR = 9.59; 95% CI: 3.04–41.46), and pathomics signature (OR = 3.14; 95% CI: 1.40–8.31) were independent factors for predicting pGR. The multiscale model presented good predictive performance with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88–0.98) and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.78–1.00) in the training and validation groups, those were significantly higher than that of the clinicoradiological model with AUCs of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.55–0.82) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.46–0.91) in both groups.Data ConclusionA model incorporating radiomics and pathomics features effectively predicted pGR after nCRT in patients with LARC.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 4
The ScHARR LMIC filter: Adapting a low‐ and middle‐income countries geographic search filter to identify studies on preterm birth prevention and management
Authors: Sutton Anthea , Campbell Fiona 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSearch filters are used to find evidence on specific subjects. Performance of filters can be varied and may need adapting to meet the needs of research topics. There are limited geographic search filters available, and only one pertaining to low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). When searching for literature on preterm birth prevention and management in LMICs for a research project at the School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), we made use of the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) LMIC geographic search filter for the databases; Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Cochrane Library. During screening following a broad scoping search in Ovid MEDLINE, it was found that the EPOC LMIC filter did not identify a relevant study. Adaptations were made to the LMIC geographic search filter to maximise retrieval and identify the missing study. Institution was included as a search field, and the search terms high burden or countdown countries were added. The filter was translated for the databases; Ovid Embase, Cochrane Library, Ovid PsycINFO, and CINAHL via EBSCO. The adapted ScHARR LMIC filter is a non‐validated 1st generation filter which increases the sensitivity of the EPOC LMIC search filter. Validating the filter would confirm its retrieval performance and benefit information professionals, researchers, and health professionals. We recommend that the ScHARR LMIC filter is used to improve sensitivity of the Cochrane EPOC LMIC filter and reduce the risk of missing relevant studies.
Phenotypic Epithelial Changes in Laryngotracheal Stenosis
Authors: Lina Ioan A. , Tsai Hsiu‐Wen , Berges Alexandra J. , Ospino Rafael A. , Davis Ruth J. , Motz Kevin M. , Collins Samuel , Ghosh Baishakhi , Sidhaye Venkataramana , Gelbard Alexander , Hillel Alexander T. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveCharacterize and quantify epithelium in multiple etiologies of laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) to better understand its role in pathogenesis.Study DesignControlled in vitro cohort study.MethodsEndoscopic brush biopsy samples of both normal (non‐scar) and scar were obtained in four patients with idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) and four patients with iatrogenic LTS (iLTS). mRNA expression of basal, ciliary, and secretory cell markers were evaluated using quantitative PCR. Cricotracheal resection tissue samples (n = 5 per group) were also collected, analyzed using quantitative immunohistochemistry, and compared with rapid autopsy tracheal samples.ResultsBoth iSGS and iLTS‐scar epithelium had reduced epithelial thickness compared with non‐scar control epithelium (P = .0009 and P = .0011, respectively). Basal cell gene and protein expression for cytokeratin 14 was increased in iSGS‐scar epithelium compared with iLTS or controls. Immunohistochemical expression of ciliary tubulin alpha 1, but not gene expression, was reduced in both iSGS and iLTS‐scar epithelium compared with controls (P = .0184 and P = .0125, respectively). Both iSGS and iLTS‐scar had reductions in Mucin 5AC gene expression (P = .0007 and P = .0035, respectively), an epithelial goblet cell marker, with reductions in secretory cells histologically (P < .0001).ConclusionsCompared with non‐scar epithelium, the epithelium within iSGS and iLTS is morphologically abnormal. Although both iSGS and iLTS have reduced epithelial thickness, ciliary cells, and secretory cells, only iSGS had significant increases in pathological basal cell expression. These data suggest that the epithelium in iSGS and iLTS play a common role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis in these two etiologies of laryngotracheal stenosis.SettingTertiary referral center (2017–2020).Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 132:2194–2201, 2022
Novel Thiol‐Ene Photo Resins for Stereolithography with Enhanced Mechanical and Optical Properties
Authors: Hoffmann Andreas , Kreuels Klaus , Gillner Arnold 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStereolithography is a lithography‐based additive manufacturing technology, in which liquid photoreactive resins are solidified by ultraviolet or visible light in a layer‐wise approach. Additive manufacturing technologies are used in personalized medicine, for example, for the production of otoplastics, dentistry, prosthetics but also in tissue engineering. Here, biocompatibility of the produced parts is mandatory. In this work a chemistry is further investigated which is rarely used in stereolithography—thiol‐ene click chemistry. Polymers made by thiol‐ene chemistry have various promising optical, mechanical, biological, and chemical properties for medical applications. In this work new photo resins based on thiol‐ene click chemistry are developed and the resulting polymers are analyzed to determine the suitability of these materials as thiol‐ene photo resins. Furthermore, the influence of crosslinker functionality in systems with equal degree of crosslinking and the concept of prepolymerization of two bifunctional components for thiol‐ene photo resins will be presented in this study.
Influence and compensation of patient motion in electromagnetic tracking based quality assurance in interstitial brachytherapy of the breast
Authors: Dürrbeck Christopher , Gulde Sarah , Abu‐Hossin Nadin , Fietkau Rainer , Strnad Vratislav , Bert Christoph 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeElectromagnetic tracking (EMT) is a versatile and viable technique for various quality assurance (QA) tasks in interstitial brachytherapy (iBT). As the duration of EMT measurements in iBT is on the order of minutes, they can be strongly affected by patient motion, especially breathing, which gives rise to motion artefacts. Since the centrepiece of EMT‐related QA in iBT is to assess the geometry of the iBT implant or applicator, the absence of adequate motion compensation techniques could impede the use of EMT for QA purposes. A common way to compensate for this is to reference the data to either external or internal reference sensors (ERS, IRS) which are fixated on the patient's body or inside the applicator and therefore move with the patient. The purpose of the presented study is to provide a quantitative and in‐depth analysis on the use of reference sensors for motion compensation.MethodsFirst, the need for adequate motion compensation is identified both qualitatively and quantitatively using a phantom subjected to simulated breathing motion. An evaluation routine is developed to assess the influence of motion compensation using reference sensors on the acquired EMT data. The evaluation metric is based on the observed displacement of the EMT sensor from its mean position while dwelling at a dwell position (DP) for a dwell time of 1 s. After that, the routine is applied to a cohort of 54 breast cancer patients treated with iBT, and the quality of an ERS based compensation approach is assessed. In a subgroup of four patients, an IRS is inserted into the iBT implant and IRS‐based compensation is compared to the ERS‐based approach. Moreover, a correlation analysis of the ERS and IRS approach is performed, also including respiratory signals derived from the trajectories of the different reference sensors.ResultsIt was found that motion compensation with ERS effectively reduced the mean sensor displacement per DP to median values as low as 0.11 mm in both phantom and patient measurements, which is below the precision of the EMT system (0.48 mm). Compensation using the IRS yielded comparable results and was as good as compensation with ERS. The results obtained from both approaches showed a strong correlation. Also the respiratory signals calculated from the different reference sensors were well correlated in most cases.ConclusionThese results indicate that motion compensation with ERS can effectively remove motion artefacts in EMT data. While compensation with an IRS leads to comparable results, the IRS occupies one catheter whose geometry hence cannot be assessed. The use of ERS has proven to be both effective and practical in clinical routine.
Framelet tensor sparsity with block matching for spectral CT reconstruction
Authors: Yu Xiaohuan , Cai Ailong , Wang Linyuan , Zheng Zhizhong , Wang Yizhong , Wang Zhe , Li Lei , Yan Bin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeSpectral computed tomography (CT) based on the photon‐counting detection system has the capability to produce energy‐discriminative attenuation maps of objects with a single scan. However, the insufficiency of photons collected into the narrow energy bins results in high quantum noise levels causing low image quality. This work aims to improve spectral CT image quality by developing a novel regularization based on framelet tensor prior.MethodsFirst, similar patches are extracted from highly correlated interchannel images in spectral and spatial domains, and stacked to form a third‐order tensor after vectorization along the energy channels. Second, the framelet tensor nuclear norm (FTNN) is introduced and applied to construct the regularization to exploit the sparsity embedded in nonlocal similarity of spectral images, and thus the reconstruction problem is modeled as a constrained optimization. Third, an iterative algorithm is proposed by utilizing the alternating direction method of multipliers framework in which efficient solvers are developed for each subproblem.ResultsBoth numerical simulations and real data verifications were performed to evaluate and validate the proposed FTNN‐based method. Compared to the analytic, TV‐based, and the state‐of‐the‐art tensor‐based methods, the proposed method achieves higher numerical accuracy on both reconstructed CT images and decomposed material maps in the mouse data indicating the capability in noise suppression and detail preservation of the proposed method.ConclusionsA framelet tensor sparsity–based iterative algorithm is proposed for spectral reconstruction. The qualitative and quantitative comparisons show a promising improvement of image quality, indicating its promising potential in spectral CT imaging.
The acceptability of two remote monitoring modalities for patients waiting for services in a physiotherapy outpatient clinic
Authors: Renard Marianne , Gaboury Isabelle , Michaud François , Tousignant Michel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionAccess to public rehabilitation services for patients with non‐urgent conditions ‐ which suffer mainly from musculoskeletal disorders ‐ is problematic around the world. Remote rehabilitation services are recognized as effective means to increase accessibility. Patient acceptability is an important element in the successful implementation of such clinical innovations and has not yet been studied thoroughly in this context. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the acceptability of two remote consultation modalities ‐ phone and teleconsultation ‐ for patients waiting for public outpatient non‐urgent rehabilitation services.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative descriptive study nested within a randomized clinical trial in which participants received either phone or teleconsultation follow‐ups with a physiotherapist after a first systematic face‐to‐face evaluation. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with participants of both groups selected with purposive sampling. Sekhon's acceptability metaframework was used and interviews were transcribed and coded with thematic analysis.Ethic approvalThe research protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Board of the Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux – Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke (CIUSSS de l’Estrie – CHUS) (#2019–2919).ResultsTwenty participants were recruited. Results show both follow‐up modalities have a good level of acceptability for participants; however, teleconsultation stands out because its visual dimension offers higher quality human contact and satisfactorily meets greater needs for support.ConclusionSystematic in‐person assessment and advice combined with telephone or teleconsultation follow‐up can contribute to diversifying the services offered in physiotherapy outpatient clinics. Offering a range of service modalities with different resource requirements may shorten wait times. Such an approach seems to be well accepted by patients, especially with teleconsultation.ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03991858
Low‐temperature silane coupling agent modified biomimetic micro/nanoscale roughness hierarchical structure superhydrophobic polyethylene terephthalate filter media
Authors: Dong Wei , Zhou Shian , Qian Fuping , Li Qing , Tang Gang , Xiang Tengfei , Long Hong‐ming , Chun Tiejun , Lu Jinli , Han Yunlong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA hierarchical structure similar to “lotus leaf surface” has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent hydrophobic properties. Herein, using low‐temperature sol–gel method prepared superhydrophobic SiO2 particles with biomimetic lotus leaf micro/nanoscale hierarchical structure (BRHS), which were formed in situ on the surface of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber, and endowing PET‐based composite filter media (P‐Filter) superhydrophobic property. After different TEOS@MTES@ KH550 (TMK) modification treatments, SiO2 particles were wrapped on the P‐Filter, and the microscopic pore structure was changed significantly. When the mass ratio of TEOS/MTES (TM) reached 4/2, KH550 modified SiO2 nanoparticles displayed the widest particle size distribution. In this case, the PET (TMK@PET‐4) fibers exhibited rough morphology of BRHS, the contact angle (WCA) reached 160.9 ± 2.8°, and the shedding angle (WSA) was 5.9 ± 2.5°, which reaching a superhydrophobic state. Also, the TMK@PET‐4 filter material demonstrated best comprehensive filtration performance for PM 0.3 (η: 99.12%, ΔP: 58 Pa, QF: 0.0816), 36.96% higher than the original PET filter, and had excellent mechanical stability and self‐cleaning properties. Therefore, the presented simple method has a guiding significance in producing superhydrophobic P‐Filter, a potential value for the research and development of bag‐type dust removal materials in high‐humidity environments.
Low‐content metal‐organic framework enhanced interface effect to improve the insulation properties of polyimide‐based composite films
Authors: Hui Huailiang , Li Yanpeng , Feng Yu , Li Jialong , Zhao He , Zhu Congcong , Yue Dong , Yin Jinghua , Liu Xiaoxu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPolymer‐based nanodielectrics are widely used in microelectronics, aerospace and electrical insulation fields because of their excellent insulation and mechanical properties, but the strategies and mechanisms to improve their insulation strength need to be further studied. Herein, introducing MOFs (UiO‐66) particles into polyimide (PI) matrix obtained the unexpected discovery that MOFs with 3D porous structure did not degrade the insulation strength and mechanical stretching of composite films, conversely, remarkably increased the breakdown strength (Eb) and mechanical strength at low doping concentration. With only 1 wt% doped of UiO‐66, the maximum Eb of UiO‐66/PI composite film is 458.6 kV/mm, which is about 64% higher than PI (279.8 kV/mm). To study the mechanism of performance improvement, the interface structure was characterized by synchrotron radiation small‐angle X‐ray scattering, and the interface influence factor is introduced to modify the classical dielectric model. It was found that the hydroxyl groups on UiO‐66 can form hydrogen bonds with the PI molecular chain, and this strong interaction at the interface is the main reason for the performance improvement of low‐content doped composites. This study provides a strategy for improving the insulation properties of composites at low doping and offers some insights into the application of MOFs in high performance dielectrics.
On the design of test molds based on unidirectional saturated flows to measure transverse permeability in liquid composite molding
Authors: Yang Bin , Huang Wei , Causse Philippe , Béguin Cédric , Wang Jihui , Trochu François 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImpregnating fibrous preforms through thickness has become a main feature of some liquid composite molding process variants. Thus, the evaluation of transverse permeability is critical to optimize the fabrication and reduce manufacturing defects. Some problems connected with the design of testing devices need to be addressed to perform a reliable characterization. In this study, the efficiency of a typical one‐dimensional testing device to measure transverse permeability is evaluated numerically and experimentally. The paper introduces a novel methodology to identify the optimal mold configuration and evaluate the flow pattern inside the mold cavity. A dimensionless number called the “fill coefficient” is also proposed to evaluate quantitatively the effect of the mold structure on the transverse flow pattern. The measured transverse permeability is shown to increase with lower fill coefficients for saturated and unsaturated flows. The intrinsic transverse permeability is obtained when the fill coefficient is equal to one. The proposed methodology is verified by experiments performed in an existing tool. This confirms that the measured transverse permeability can be significantly affected by the above mentioned factors.
Association between tramadol use and seizures: A nationwide case–case‐time‐control study
Authors: Park Sohee , Lee Hyesung , Kim Ju Hwan , Jeon Ha‐Lim , Shin Ju‐Young 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeTramadol may lower the seizure threshold; however, there is no conclusive evidence to confirm this. This study aimed to determine whether the use of tramadol is associated with the occurrence of seizures.MethodsWe conducted a case–case‐time‐control (CCTC) study by identifying patients who had received tramadol and seizure diagnosis in a nationwide healthcare database in South Korea between 2003 and 2015. Each case was matched for age and sex to one future case to adjust for time trends in exposure without selection bias from the use of an external control group. The use of tramadol was assessed during a risk period of 1–30 days, and two reference periods, 61–90 days and 91–120 days, preceding the first diagnosis of seizures. We calculated the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) by dividing the OR in cases (case‐crossover) by the OR in future cases (control‐crossover). We performed a dose–response analysis using the average daily dose.ResultsWe identified 2523 incident cases with matched future cases (mean age, 45.4 years; 50% men). The aOR for seizure with tramadol use was 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98–1.43) in the CCTC analysis, with a case‐crossover OR of 1.19 (0.98–1.43) and control‐crossover OR of 1.27 (1.03–1.56). The dose–response analysis showed a similar trend in the main analysis: a low‐dose aOR of 0.80 (0.50–1.28) and a high‐dose aOR of 0.92 (0.41–2.11).ConclusionWe could not identify a significant association between transient use of tramadol and incidence of seizures in clinical practice.
Effect ofFKM‐g‐acrylamidereactive compatibilizer on mechanical, thermal and aging behaviors of fluoroelastomer (FKM)/silicone rubber (MVQ) blend
Authors: Khanra Sipra , Kumar Abhay , Ganguly Debabrata , Ghorai Sanjoy Kumar , Chattopadhyay Santanu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe study presents the preparation of acrylamide grafted fluoroelastomer (FKM‐g‐acrylamide) by melt mixing process and its evaluation as a reactive compatibilizer for fluoroelastomer (FKM) and methyl vinyl silicone rubber (MVQ) blend system (at different compositions) in terms of mechanical properties, thermal stability, aging behavior, and morphological aspects. Mechanical properties investigation discloses almost 20% increment in tensile strength after the incorporation of 3 parts per hundred rubber of FKM‐g‐acrylamide into the FKM/MVQ blend. The shifting of theTgsof both the rubber phases toward each other along with the decrease of the heat capacity value (Cp) attest the effective compatibilization role of the compatibilizer. However, no significant changes in the thermal stability of the blends are observed after incorporation of the prepared compatibilizer. The heat and oil aging behavior shows remarkable percentage retention of the mechanical properties for the compatibilized blend system compared to the uncompatibilized one. The morphological study indicates the abrupt reduction of the FKM domain size (2000–180 nm) in the MVQ matrix for the compatibilized blend.