bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Not Forget the Dreaming: Communicating Climate Change and Adaptation, Insights from Australia
Authors: Nursey-Bray Melissa , Palmer Robert , Chischilly Ann Marie , Rist Phil , Yin Lun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, the experience of Indigenous peoples in Australia is explored, and the ways in which they have responded to the challenge of climate change. A wide range of adaptation mechanisms have been implemented which are nonetheless, as in the United States, inextricably connected to an ongoing legacy of colonial invasion. Indigenous adaptation in Australia is more than responding to climate change, but an ever-continuing adaptation to colonial history. The essential role of communications is explored.
Old Ways for New Days
Authors: Nursey-Bray Melissa , Palmer Robert , Chischilly Ann Marie , Rist Phil , Yin Lun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIndigenous peoples, as innovators and leaders of climate adaptation in their territories, have applied “old ways to new days”, both as a process, as well as in practice. Western scientists and policy makers need to work together effectively with Indigenous peoples to not only respond to climate change both on their territories and places they live. Further, in order for Indigenous knowledge to more broadly contribute to adaptation per se, conventional characterisations of vulnerability and resilience must be thrown off in favour of Indigenous survival, agency and world views. Governance spaces need to be created, on equitable terms, for Indigenous peoples to participate in and contribute to adaptation policy and decision making.
The Impact of Voluntary Family Planning Programs on Contraceptive Use, Fertility, and Population
Authors: Bongaarts John , Hodgson Dennis 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter examines the long-standing debate about the effects of family planning programs on contraceptive behavior and fertility. We begin with a brief overview of the main rationale for family planning, namely the removal of obstacles to practicing contraception by women who want to space or limit their births. The central sections of the chapter then discuss the evidence on the effects of family planning programs. Three sources of evidence are examined: (1) controlled experiments; (2) natural experiments; and (3) statistical studies. These sources provide broadly comparable estimates of the effects of a high-quality family planning program: an increase of 25–35% in contraceptive prevalence and a decline of about 1.5 births per woman in the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) compared to a population without family planning support. The statistical analyses examine the roles of family planning programs in changing contraceptive demand and its satisfaction and the pattern of wanted and unwanted fertility. Demand refers to the proportion of women who do not want to get pregnant and its satisfaction refers to the proportion of women with a demand that practice contraception. As expected, family planning programs raise the satisfaction of demand for contraception and reduce unwanted fertility. Contrary to common conclusions made in economic theories of fertility, family planning programs have a substantial impact on demand for contraception and on wanted fertility. We conclude with a discussion of the criticisms of family planning programs and the claims that these programs have at best a small impact and are not cost-effective.
Future Perspectives of Financing Investment in Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation
Authors: Ishiwatari Mikio , Sasaki Daisuke 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is widely recognized that investment is crucial to mitigating disaster damage and adapting to the effects of climate change. This point was emphasized in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and successive agreements on climate change. The preceding chapters of this book identified various issues that need to be resolved and proposed policies and approaches accordingly. This chapter synthesizes the major findings and proposes innovative approaches to attain sustainable progress toward a resilient future in the Asian region. There are research gaps in many areas of investment in disaster risk reduction. There is a need to develop the estimating methods and the database of investments. The activities that constitute disaster management phases need to be well-coordinated and further developed. The trend in the increasingly adverse allocation of investment between ex-ante before disaster occurrence and response and recovery following disasters needs to be reversed. Since policy- and decision-makers must justify the allocation of budget among various priority activities, the methods to analyze the benefits of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation need to be improved. To overcome the paucity of finance, further research should be aimed at developing innovative approaches, such as green infrastructure, partnerships with the private sector, and burden-sharing mechanisms.
Intraoperative revision rates due to three-dimensional imaging in orthopedic trauma surgery: results of a case series of 4721 patients
Authors: Keil Holger , Beisemann Nils , Swartman Benedict , Schnetzke Marc , Vetter Sven Yves , Grützner Paul Alfred , Franke Jochen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Intraoperative 3D imaging has become a valued tool in assessing the quality of reduction and implant placement in orthopedic trauma surgery. In our institution, 3D imaging is used routinely since 2001. To evaluate the intraoperative findings and consequences of this technique, intraoperative revision rates in cases with 3D imaging were analyzed.

Methods
All operative procedures carried out with intraoperative 3D imaging between August 2001 and December 2016 were included. The scans were assessed intraoperatively and documented thereafter. In case of malreduction or misplaced implants, an immediate revision was performed. The number of scans per case as well as the findings and consequences drawn regarding the anatomical region were analyzed.

Results
4721 cases with 7201 3D scans were included in this study. The most common anatomical regions were the ankle (22.3%), the calcaneus (14.8%) and the tibial head (9.5%).
In 19.1% of all cases, an intraoperative revision was performed. The highest revision rates were found with 36.0% in calcaneal fractures, 24.8% in fractures of the tibial plateau, 22.3% in injuries of the ankle.
In 52.0% of revisions, the reduction was improved regarding intra-articular steps or joint congruency. In 30.5% an implant was corrected.

Conclusion
Intraoperative revision due to results of 3D imaging was performed in almost one-fifth of cases. This illustrates the improved possibilities to detect malreduction and implant misplacements intraoperatively and thus the abilities to improve surgical outcome.

Level of evidence
III.
A new honey adulteration detection approach using hyperspectral imaging and machine learning
Authors: Phillips Tessa , Abdulla Waleed 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper develops a new approach to fraud detection in honey. Specifically, we examine adulterating honey with sugar and use hyperspectral imaging and machine learning techniques to detect adulteration. The main contributions of this paper are introducing a new feature smoothing technique to conform to the classification model used to detect the adulterated samples and the perpetration of an adulterated honey data set using hyperspectral imaging, which has been made available online for the first time. Above $$95\%$$

95
%

accuracy was achieved for binary adulteration detection and multi-class classification between different adulterant concentrations. The system developed in this paper can be used to prevent honey fraud as a reliable, low cost, data-driven solution.
The Surgical Anatomy of the Jowl and the Mandibular Ligament Reassessed
Authors: Minelli Lennert , Yang Hun-Mu , van der Lei Berend , Mendelson Bryan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction
A visible jowl is a reason patients consider lower facial rejuvenation surgery. The anatomical changes that lead to formation of the jowl remain unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the anatomy of the jowl, the mandibular ligament and the labiomandibular crease, and their relationship with the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve.

Materials and Methods
Forty-nine cadaver heads were studied (16 embalmed, 33 fresh, mean age 75 years). Following preliminary dissections and macro-sectioning, a series of standardized layered dissections were performed, complemented by histology, sheet plastination and micro-CT.

Results
The jowl forms in the subcutaneous layer where it overlies the posterior part of the mandibular ligament. The mandibular ligament proper exists only in the deep, sub-platysma plane, formed by the combined muscular attachment to the mandible of the specific lower lip depressor muscles and the platysma. The mandibular ligament does not have a definitive subcutaneous component. The labiomandibular crease inferior to the oral commissure marks the posterior extent of the fixed dermal attachment of depressor anguli oris.

Conclusion
Jowls develop as a consequence of aging changes on the functional adaptions of the mouth in humans. To accommodate wide jaw opening with a narrowed commissure requires hypermobility of the tissues overlying the mandible immediately lateral to the level of the oral commissure. This hypermobility over the mandibular attachment of the lower lip depressor muscles occurs entirely in the subcutaneous layer to allow the mandible to move largely independent from the skin. The short, elastic subcutaneous connective tissue, which allows this exceptional mobility without laxity in youth, lengthens with aging, resulting in laxity. The development of subcutaneous and dermal redundancy constitutes the jowl in this location.

Level of Evidence IV
"This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266."

Graphical Abstract
Sensitivity of simulated mesoscale convective systems over East Asia to the treatment of convection in a high-resolution GCM
Authors: Li Puxi , Muetzelfeldt Mark , Schiemann Reinhard , Chen Haoming , Li Jian , Furtado Kalli , Zhuang Moran 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMesoscale convective systems (MCSs) downstream of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) exhibit unique precipitation features. These MCSs can have damaging impacts and there is a critical need for improving the representation of MCSs in numerical models. However, most global climate models are typically run at resolutions that are too coarse to reasonably resolve MCSs, and it is still unclear how well higher-resolution global models can reproduce the precipitation characteristics of MCSs. In this study, the sensitivity of MCSs simulated by a global high resolution (~ 10 km), atmosphere-only climate model to different treatments of convection (with and without parametrized convection, and a hybrid representation of convection) have been investigated. The results show that explicit convection (i.e., non-parameterized) can better reproduce the observed pattern of MCS precipitation over the East Asian Summer Monsoon region. In general, explicit convection better simulates the diurnal variability of MCSs over the eastern China, and is able to represent the distinctive diurnal variations of MCS precipitation over complex terrain particularly well, such as the eastern TP and the complex terrain of central-northern China. It is shown that explicit convection is better at simulating the timing of initiation and subsequent propagating features of the MCS, resulting in better diurnal variations and further a better spatial pattern of summer mean MCS precipitation. All three experiments simulate MCS rainfall areas which are notably smaller than those in observations, but with much stronger rainfall intensities, implying that these biases in simulated MCS morphological characteristics are not sensitive to the different treatment of convection.
The Application of Role-Based Framework in Preventing Internal Identity Theft Related Crimes: A Qualitative Case Study of UK Retail Companies
Authors: Okeke Romanus Izuchukwu , Eiza Max Hashem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to examine the challenges of preventing internal identity theft related crimes (IIDTRC) in the UK retail sector. Using an in-depth multiple case studies of a selected number of cross-functional management teams in the UK retail companies, management roles were analysed. We used semi-structured interview as a qualitative data collection technique and used Nvivo aided thematic analysis and interpretivism underpinned by Role-Based Framework (RBF) for analysis. Our findings revealed that vagueness of roles and lack of clarity in sharing data security responsibilities are the major challenges of preventing IIDTRC in UK retail companies. We suggest an application of RBF which provides a conceptual analysis for cross-functional management team to address the challenges of preventing IIDTRC. RBF enables clarity of shared roles where both information security and crimes prevention teams work in unison is required to prevent IIDTRC to maximise internal data security. Contributions for policymakers are offered in this paper.
Promoting Gender Equality: A Systematic Review of Interventions
Authors: Guthridge Michaela , Kirkman Maggie , Penovic Tania , Giummarra Melita J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMore than four decades have passed since the United Nation’s Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) was adopted. Now is an opportune time to consider whether the interventions seeking to realise CEDAW’s aspirations have brought us closer to achieving gender equality. This systematic review aimed to identify and synthesise evidence for the effectiveness of social justice, cognitive, or behaviour-change interventions that sought to reduce gender inequality, gender bias, or discrimination against women or girls. Interventions could be implemented in any context, with any mode of delivery and duration, if they measured gender equity or discrimination outcomes, and were published in English in peer-reviewed journals. Papers on violence against women and sexuality were not eligible. Seventy-eight papers reporting qualitative (n = 36), quantitative (n = 23), and multi-methods (n = 19) research projects met the eligibility criteria after screening 7,832 citations identified from psycINFO, ProQuest, Scopus searches, reference lists and expert recommendations. Findings were synthesised narratively. Improved gender inclusion was the most frequently reported change (n = 39), particularly for education and media interventions. Fifty percent of interventions measuring social change in gender equality did not achieve beneficial effects. Most gender mainstreaming interventions had only partial beneficial effects on outcomes, calling into question their efficacy in practice. Twenty-eight interventions used education and awareness-raising strategies, which also predominantly had only partial beneficial effects. Overall research quality was low to moderate, and the key findings created doubt that interventions to date have achieved meaningful change. Interventions may not have achieved macrolevel change because they did not explicitly address meso and micro change. We conclude with a summary of the evidence for key determinants of the promotion of gender equality, including a call to address men’s emotional responses (micro) in the process of achieving gender equality (micro/meso/macrolevels).
Interpersonally-Based Fears and Problematic Social Networking Site Use: The Moderating Role of Online Social Support
Authors: Casale Silvia , Akbari Mehdi , Bocci Benucci Sara , Seydavi Mohammad , Fioravanti Giulia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWithin the Compensatory Internet Use Theory (CIUT) framework, online activities may compensate for psychosocial problems. However, those who attempt to satisfy their needs or mitigate their fears via Social Networking Sites (SNSs) may be at heightened risk for problematic use of SNSs (PSNSU), especially in cases when these fears have an interpersonal basis, and the individual effectively finds online social support. The current study hypothesizes that interpersonally-based fears (i.e., fear of no mattering, fear of intimacy, and fear of negative evaluation) predict PSNSU, and online social support moderates these associations. Four hundred and fifty Italian participants (Mage = 27.42 ± 7.54; F = 73.5%) take part in the study. As examined by path analysis, the three interpersonal fears were positively associated with PSNSU, and online social support significantly moderates the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and PSNSU. The model accounted for 19% of the variance of PSNSU and showed good fit indices. The associations' strengths decrease as age increases. Overall, the current study finds further support for the theory that motivations need to be taken into account when it comes to internet uses (i.e., CIUT) and extends our understanding by highlighting that online social support might reinforce the link between the fear of being negatively evaluated and PSNSU.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of the Population of Phytophthora infestans in Bangladesh Between 2014 and 2019
Authors: Islam Md. Huzzatul , Shanta Sangee Sarkar , Hossain Muhammad Iqbal , Hossain Muhammed Ali , Hossain Md. Monower , Rahaman Ebna Habib Md. Shofiur , Al Mahmud Abdullah , Akhond Md. Abdullah Yousuf , Sullivan Louise , Cooke David E. L. , Kessel Geert J. T. , Cooke Louise R. , Islam Md. Rashidul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn Bangladesh, the third largest producer of potatoes in Asia, late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is the major constraint to production. Nevertheless, there is a lack of published information on the pathogen population. A collection of 69 isolates obtained from samples of infected potato foliage collected in 2018–2019 varied significantly in their aggressiveness to detached potato leaflets and tuber slices of cv. Diamant. On leaflets, most isolates were highly aggressive, colonizing more than half the surface in 7 days. On tuber slices, while some isolates were highly aggressive, those collected in 2019 were less so. There was a significant effect of the locations from which the isolates were obtained on aggressiveness to both leaflets and tuber slices, but aggressiveness to leaflets and to tuber slices was not significantly correlated. All isolates were A2 mating type and either intermediate (38%) or resistant (62%) in sensitivity to the fungicide metalaxyl. A subset of 24 isolates all had mitochondrial DNA haplotype Ia.Samples of P. infestans DNA (124) from infected potato foliage obtained from Bangladesh (2014–2019) were genotyped by 12-plex SSR. The vast majority (95%) were assigned to EU_13_A2, which was present in every year in which samples were collected. Numerous EU_13_A2 variants were identified, many specific to Bangladesh. Six samples (from 2017 to 2019) had genotypes distinct from EU_13_A2 and with no close match to known European lineages. It is concluded that the current P. infestans population of Bangladesh is dominated by the aggressive lineage EU_13_A2, also dominant in India and Pakistan. The implications of this for control of late blight are discussed.
A stakeholders’ pathway towards a future land use and food system in Germany
Authors: Rasche Livia , Schneider Uwe A. , Steinhauser Jan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFood systems contribute considerably to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and influence land use. In Germany, many strategies have been proposed by policy-makers to reduce negative impacts and make the food system more sustainable. It is unclear how close the suggested policies, when bundled, will bring the food and land use system towards the targeted goals; and what stakeholders from non-policy-making organizations consider realistic changes in the German food system. We thus surveyed different stakeholder groups on their opinions about realistic changes in the food and land use system in Germany up to 2050, developed four stakeholder pathways, and used an accounting tool to determine the effect of each pathway on indicators such as land use, GHG emissions, and biodiversity conservation potential. The assessment showed that GHG emissions from agricultural activities and land use are reduced from 66 to − 2–22 TgCO2e by 2050, while the area where natural processes predominate increases from 19 to 27–32%, and the resilience of the food system is not negatively influenced. The change is caused mainly by a diet-change-induced reduction of livestock production and agricultural area transformation into areas with higher carbon sequestration rates. If followed, the common stakeholder pathway (based on all stakeholder responses) would thus lead towards a sustainable food and land use system, but only if the underlying assumption of a drastic diet change towards more plant-based products comes true. Stakeholders from the academic and public sectors were more likely to assume that such a change was realistic than stakeholders from the private sector.
Controllability of nonlinear integral equations of Chandrasekhar type
Authors: Cardinali Tiziana , Matucci Serena , Rubbioni Paola 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study the controllability of two problems involving the same Chandrasekhar-type integral equation, but under different kinds of controls. A viability condition is imposed as well. We provide existence results of continuous trajectories coupled to continuous controls. Then, in the non-viable case, we investigate the optimal estimates to be taken in view of the existence of solutions for both problems. The last part of the paper deals with the application of the previous results to the classical Chandrasekhar equation, first showing the existence of a viable continuous solution, then providing also uniqueness and approximability. Two examples of controllability problems governed by this equation are given.
Untangling unexpected terrestrial conservation challenges arising from the historical human exploitation of marine mammals in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean
Authors: Convey Peter , Hughes Kevin A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntensive human exploitation of the Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) in its primary population centre on sub-Antarctic South Georgia, as well as on other sub-Antarctic islands and parts of the South Shetland Islands, in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries rapidly brought populations to the brink of extinction. The species has now recovered throughout its original distribution. Non-breeding and yearling seals, almost entirely males, from the South Georgia population now disperse in the summer months far more widely and in higher numbers than there is evidence for taking place in the pre-exploitation era. Large numbers now haul out in coastal terrestrial habitats in the South Orkney Islands and also along the north-east and west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula to at least Marguerite Bay. In these previously less- or non-visited areas, the seals cause levels of damage likely never to have been experienced previously to fragile terrestrial habitats through trampling and over-fertilisation, as well as eutrophication of sensitive freshwater ecosystems. This increased area of summer impact is likely to have further synergies with aspects of regional climate change, including reduction in extent and duration of sea ice permitting seals access farther south, and changes in krill abundance and distribution. The extent and conservation value of terrestrial habitats and biodiversity now threatened by fur seal distribution expansion, and the multiple anthropogenic factors acting in synergy both historically and to the present day, present a new and as yet unaddressed challenge to the agencies charged with ensuring the protection and conservation of Antarctica’s unique ecosystems.