bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross‐sectional analysis of facial palsy‐related quality of life in 125 patients: Comparing linear, quadratic and cubic regression analyses
Authors: Verhoeff Rucháma , Bruins Tessa E. , Ingels Koen J. A. O. , Werker Paul M. N. , van Veen Martinus M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionFacial function correlates with quality of life in facial palsy. Previous studies have examined a linear relationship; based on clinical experience, we hypothesize a curved regression (i.e. quadratic or cubic) will be more fitting to show the correlation between quality of life and facial function.MethodsWe compared the fit of a linear regression model between Sunnybrook scores (facial function) and FaCE and FDI scores (quality of life) to a quadratic and cubic regression model in 125 patients cross‐sectionally.ResultsA total of 125 patients were included, 53.6% female with a mean (standard deviation) age of 56.6 (16.7) and a median (interquartile range) duration of palsy of 6.6 (1.5; 18.3) years. The quadratic regression proved a significant improvement over a linear regression analysis in the model using the FaCE total score (linear R2 =.346, quadratic R2 = .378, p = .033) and the FDI physical score (linear R2 = .245, quadratic R2 =.276, p = .034). The cubic regression analysis was no significant improvement over a quadratic regression.DiscussionThe relationship between facial function and quality of life in facial palsy is not linear meaning that there is a lot of variation in QoL in cases with severe and moderate facial impairment. This is most applicable to patients suffering from post‐paralysis synkinesis, proving the highly individually experienced burden of synkinesis. As the relationship is not linear it should not be included as such in future research studies.
The relationship between the substitution position of hydrophobic groups on near‐magenta anthraquinone dyestuffs and the dyeing performance for polypropylene fabric dyed in supercritical carbon dioxide
Authors: Miyazaki Keisuke , Hirata Toyoaki , Hirogaki Kazumasa , Tabata Isao , Hori Teruo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA series of 1‐amino‐4‐hydroxy‐2‐phenoxyanthraquinone derivatives, substituted with various hydrophobic groups, were applied as dyestuffs in the carbon dioxide supercritical fluid dyeing (SFD) of unmodified polypropylene (PP) fabrics. The dyeability, colour strength, and colour fastness of the dyeing process were evaluated for 14 dyestuffs. The hue of the PP fabrics dyed with a series of dyestuffs was red of near‐magenta, but it was slightly less bluish rather than magenta. The differences in dyeing performance regarding the type and position of the substituents were observable in terms of colour strength and colour fastness. On the basis of the evaluation of the colour strength and the colour fastness, this study showed that the type and position of the hydrophobic group attached to the substituted phenoxy ring affected dyeing performance. Comparisons of the dyeing performance of 2‐ and 4‐substituted dyestuffs with the same groups attached suggested that replacement of the 2‐position affected colour strength while 4‐position affected colour fastness. Similarly, 2,4‐disubstituted dyestuff was more suitable on the dyeing performance than 4‐monosubstituted dyestuff in which alkyl had twice the amount of aliphatic carbon at one position, and 3,5‐disubstituted dyestuff.
High intrapatient variability of tacrolimus exposure associated with poorer outcomes in liver transplantation
Authors: Dopazo Cristina , Bilbao Itxarone , García Sonia , Gómez‐Gavara Concepción , Caralt Mireia , Campos‐Varela Isabel , Castells Lluis , Hidalgo Ernest , Moreso Francisco , Montoro Bruno , Charco Ramón 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTacrolimus (TAC) is a dose‐dependent immunosuppressor with considerable intrapatient variability (IPV) in its pharmacokinetics. The aim of this work is to ascertain the association between TAC IPV at 6 months after liver transplantation (LT) and patient outcome. This single‐center cohort study retrospectively analyzed adult patients who underwent transplantation from 2015 to 2019 who survived the first 6 months with a functioning graft. The primary end point was the patient’s probability of death and the secondary outcome was the loss of renal function between month 6 and the last follow‐up. TAC IPV was estimated by calculating the coefficient of variation (CV) of the dose‐corrected concentration (C0/D) between the third and sixth months post‐LT. Of the 140 patients who underwent LT included in the study, the low‐variability group (C0/D CV < 27%) comprised 105 patients and the high‐variability group (C0/D CV ≥ 27%) 35 patients. One‐, 3‐, and 5‐year patient survival rates were 100%, 82%, and 72% in the high‐variability group versus 100%, 97%, and 93% in the low‐variability group, respectively (p = 0.005). Moreover, significant impaired renal function was observed in the high‐variability group at 1 year (69 ± 16 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. 78 ± 16 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.004) and at 2 years post‐LT (69 ± 17 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. 77 ± 15 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.03). High C0/D CV 3–6 months remained independently associated with worse survival (hazard ratio = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.32–9.67, p = 0.012) and loss of renal function (odds ratio = 3.47, 95% CI = 1.30–9.20, p = 0.01). Therefore, high IPV between the third and sixth months appears to be an early and independent predictor of patients with poorer liver transplant outcomes.
Histopathology of persistent long COVID toe: A case report
Authors: Nirenberg Michael S. , Requena Luis , Santonja Carlos , Smith Gregory T. , McClain Steve A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDuring the 2020 coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) pandemic, several cutaneous lesions were identified, including pseudo‐chilblain, vesicular, urticarial, maculopapular, and livedo/necrosis. A 59‐year‐old obese man with probable COVID‐19 developed painful cyanosis with histopathologic capillary thrombosis of toes, and the cyanosis persisted for nearly 22 months. Shortly after initial exposure to family members with documented SARS‐CoV‐2, he developed upper respiratory symptoms, yet his anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody and nasal swab RT‐PCR tests were repeatedly negative. Two family members were hospitalized and one of them succumbed with documented SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia within 10 days of exposure. Biopsy specimen of the distal toe 16 weeks after initial exposure showed papillary dermal capillary thrombosis with endothelial swelling, telangiectasia, and peri‐eccrine lymphocytic infiltrates resembling pernio. Overall, this is the first case of biopsy specimen of “long COVID toe” following presumed SARS‐CoV‐2 exposure, with a demonstration of thrombotic vasculopathy, toe cyanosis, and pernio‐like pathology.
Sea temperature and habitat effects on juvenile reef fishes along a tropicalizing coastline
Authors: McCosker Erin , Stuart‐Smith Rick D. , Edgar Graham J. , Steinberg Peter D. , Vergés Adriana 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTemperate marine systems globally are warming at accelerating rates, facilitating the poleward movement of warm‐water species, which are tropicalizing higher‐latitude reefs. While temperature plays a key role in structuring species distributions, less is known about how species’ early life stages are responding to warming‐induced changes in preferred nursery habitat availability. We aim to identify key ecological and environmental drivers of juvenile reef fishes’ distributions in the context of ocean warming.LocationSouth‐eastern Australian coastline from 30 to 37°S.MethodsWe used a decade of underwater visual census data to uncover latitudinal distribution patterns of juvenile reef fishes and habitats across 1000 km of coastline, from subtropical to temperate latitudes. We modelled how benthic habitat cover, depth, wave exposure and sea surface temperature influence distributions of warm‐water and cool‐water juvenile reef fishes on temperate rocky reefs.ResultsWe found sea surface temperature was typically the most important factor influencing densities of juvenile fishes, regardless of species’ thermal affinity or latitudinal range extent. Juveniles of tropical and subtropical range‐expanding fishes responded more strongly to warmer temperatures and lower wave exposure, while juveniles of temperate species responded more strongly to benthic habitats. Species’ responses to greater availability of temperate reef habitat‐formers such as kelp and other macroalgae contrasted, being positive for temperate and negative for tropical and subtropical juvenile fishes.Main conclusionsThe availability of both suitable habitat and sea temperatures for species’ early life stages is important considerations when predicting changes in reef fishes’ distributions in the context of ocean warming. Warming‐induced isotherm shifts and feedback loops constraining the persistence of key temperate reef habitat‐formers will favour range‐expanding tropical reef fishes colonizing higher‐latitude reefs, while disadvantaging some macroalgal‐associated resident temperate species. Such varying responses to warming‐induced environmental changes may strongly influence the structure of emerging tropicalized reef assemblages.
Perinatal adversities in tuberous sclerosis complex: Determinants and neurodevelopmental outcomes
Authors: Zhang Alexa X. D. , Liang Holan , McEwen Fiona S. , Tye Charlotte , Woodhouse Emma , Underwood Lisa , Shephard Elizabeth , Sheerin Fintan ,   Tuberous Sclerosis 2000 Study Group, Bolton Patrick F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo examine the association between perinatal adversities and neurodevelopmental outcome in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).MethodThe Tuberous Sclerosis 2000 study is a prospective, longitudinal UK study of TSC. In phase 1, mutation type, TSC family history, tuber characteristics, presence of cardiac rhabdomyomas, seizure characteristics, and intellectual ability were assessed in 125 children affected with TSC (64 females, 61 males; median age 39mo, range 4–254). In phase 2, 88 participants (49 females, 39 males; median age 148mo, range 93–323) were assessed for neurodevelopmental outcomes including intellectual ability, autism spectrum disorder, and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Perinatal histories of 88 participants with TSC and 80 unaffected siblings were collected retrospectively using the Obstetric Enquiry Schedule and coded with a modified Gillberg Optimality Scale to measure levels of perinatal adversity. Data were analysed using Mann–Whitney U tests, Spearman's rank correlation, and linear regression with robust standard errors.ResultsChildren with familial TSC experienced significantly greater perinatal adversity than unaffected siblings. Perinatal adversity was higher in children with TSC‐affected mothers than those with unaffected mothers. There was no significant association between perinatal adversities and neurodevelopmental outcomes after controlling for confounders.InterpretationMaternal TSC is a significant marker of elevated perinatal risk in addition to risks incurred by fetal genotype. Pregnancies complicated by maternal or fetal TSC require higher vigilance, and mechanisms underlying increased perinatal adversity require further research.What this paper adds

Higher perinatal adversity is associated with familial tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).
Maternal TSC was associated with higher frequencies of several perinatal risk markers.
Paternal TSC was not associated with higher levels of perinatal adversity.
Perinatal adversity levels in TSC1 and TSC2 subgroups did not differ significantly.
Perinatal adversities were not associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes.
In‐home use of a hybrid closed loop achieves time‐in‐range targets in preschoolers and school children: Results from a randomized, controlled, crossover trial
Authors: von dem Berge Thekla , Remus Kerstin , Biester Sarah , Reschke Felix , Klusmeier Britta , Adolph Kerstin , Holtdirk Anette , Thomas Andreas , Kordonouri Olga , Danne Thomas , Biester Torben 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo obtain additional information on the incremental differences between using a sensor‐augmented pump (SAP) without automated insulin delivery (AID), using it with predictive low‐glucose management (PLGM) or as hybrid closed loop (HCL), in preschool and school children.MethodsWe conducted a monocentric, randomized, controlled, two‐phase crossover study in 38 children aged 2‐6 and 7‐14 years. The primary endpoint was the percentage of time in range (TIR) of 70‐180 mg/dl. Other continuous glucose sensor metrics, HbA1c, patient‐related outcomes (DISABKIDS questionnaire, Fear of Hypoglycaemia Survey) and safety events were also assessed. Results from 2 weeks of SAP, 8 weeks of PLGM and 8 weeks of HCL were compared using a paired t‐test or Wilcoxon signed‐rank test.ResultsOverall, we found a high rate of TIR target (>70%) achievement with HCL in preschool (88%) and school children (50%), with average times in Auto Mode of 93% and 87%, respectively. Preschool children achieved a mean TIR of 73% ± 6% (+8% vs. SAP, +6% vs. PLGM) and school children 69% ± 8% (+15% vs. SAP and + 14% vs. PLGM). Overall, HbA1c improved from 7.4% ± 0.9% to 6.9% ± 0.5% (P = .0002). Diabetes burden and worries and fear of hypoglycaemia remained at low levels, without significant changes versus PLGM. No events of severe hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis occurred.ConclusionsPreschool children profit from AID at least as much as those aged 7 years and older. To ensure safe use and prescribing modalities, regulatory approval is also required for young children.
Adjusting for Ability Differences of Equating Samples When Randomization Is Suboptimal
Authors: Kim Sooyeon , Walker Michael E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTest equating requires collecting data to link the scores from different forms of a test. Problems arise when equating samples are not equivalent and the test forms to be linked share no common items by which to measure or adjust for the group nonequivalence. Using data from five operational test forms, we created five pairs of research forms for each form, such that the equating relationship between each pair was known. Then we compared five approaches to adjusting for group nonequivalence in a situation where not only was group equivalence questionable, but the number of common items was small. We used a resampling approach to evaluate the linking accuracy of group adjustment using sample weights via minimum discriminant information adjustment (MDIA) using test takers’ collateral (demographic) information, a weak anchor of only three items, or a mix of both. Overall, the use of both sample weights via MDIA and a weak anchor produced the most accurate result, while the direct (random groups) linking method assuming group equivalence produced the least accurate result due to nontrivial bias. For all five research forms, using both collateral information and anchor items only marginally improved linking accuracy compared to using the weak anchor alone.
Susceptibility to epilepsy after traumatic brain injury is associated with preexistent gut microbiome profile
Authors: Medel‐Matus Jesus‐Servando , Lagishetty Venu , Santana‐Gomez Cesar , Shin Don , Mowrey Wenzhu , Staba Richard J. , Galanopoulou Aristea S. , Sankar Raman , Jacobs Jonathan P. , Mazarati Andrey M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe examined whether posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is associated with measurable perturbations in gut microbiome.MethodsAdult Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to lateral fluid percussion injury (LFPI). PTE was examined 7 months after LFPI, during 4‐week continuous video‐electroencephalographic monitoring. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was performed in fecal samples collected before LFPI/sham‐LFPI and 1 week, 1 month, and 7 months thereafter. Longitudinal analyses of alpha diversity, beta diversity, and differential microbial abundance were performed. Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured in fecal samples collected before LFPI by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsAlpha diversity changed over time in both LFPI and sham‐LFPI subjects; no association was observed between alpha diversity and LFPI, the severity of post‐LFPI neuromotor impairments, and PTE. LFPI produced significant changes in beta diversity and selective changes in microbial abundances associated with the severity of neuromotor impairments. No association between LFPI‐dependent microbial perturbations and PTE was detected. PTE was associated with beta diversity irrespective of timepoint vis‐à‐vis LFPI, including at baseline. Preexistent fecal microbial abundances of four amplicon sequence variants belonging to the Lachnospiraceae family (three enriched and one depleted) predicted the risk of PTE, with area under the curve (AUC) of .73. Global SCFA content was associated with the increased risk of PTE, with AUC of .722, and with 2‐methylbutyric (depleted), valeric (depleted), isobutyric (enriched), and isovaleric (enriched) acids being the most important factors (AUC = .717). When the analyses of baseline microbial and SCFA compositions were combined, AUC to predict PTE increased to .78.SignificanceWhereas LFPI produces no perturbations in the gut microbiome that are associated with PTE, the risk of PTE can be stratified based on preexistent microbial abundances and SCFA content.
LncRNA FGD5‐AS1 enhances the proliferation and stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through targeting miR‐223 and regulating the expression of ECT2 and FAT1
Authors: He Chen‐Kun , Li Zeng‐Bo , Yi Da , Zhu Xiang‐Ya , Liu Rong‐Rong , Zhang Dong‐Xin , Cao Qian , Chen Yi‐Ping 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is common and causes many deaths worldwide. The aim of this study is to explore the mechanism by which long non‐coding RNA FGD5‐AS1 regulates HCC cell proliferation and stemness.MethodsTumor and normal adjacent tissues were harvested from HCC patients. Real‐time quantitative reverse transcription‐PCR was applied to examine the expression of FGD5‐AS1, miR‐223, Epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (ECT2) and FAT1. The protein levels of ECT2, FAT1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), OCT4, CD133 and CD90 were analyzed by western blot. The localization of FGD5‐AS1 was examined by Fluorescence in situ hybridization. Cell proliferation was analyzed with CCK‐8 and colony formation assays. Spheroid formation was used for analyzing cell stemness. Gene interaction was examined by RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase activity assays. A subcutaneous xenograft mouse model was established to analyze HCC growth and stemness in vivo. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to analyze the expression PCNA and OCT4 in subcutaneous tumors.ResultsFGD5‐AS1 was upregulated in HCC and its high expression indicated poor prognosis of patients. High expression of FGD5‐AS1 enhanced HCC cell proliferation and stemness. Knockdown of FGD5‐AS1 restrained tumor growth and stemness in mice. FGD5‐AS1 directly sponged miR‐223 and promoted the expression of ECT2 and FAT1 in HCC. Both knockdown of miR‐223 and overexpression of ECT2 and FAT1 reversed FGD5‐AS1 silencing‐mediated suppression of HCC cell proliferation and stemness.ConclusionFGD5‐AS1 directly sponged miR‐223 and promoted the expression of ECT2 and FAT1 in HCC, thus enhancing HCC cell proliferation and stemness. Our study identifies potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC.
Impact of early postoperative creatinine increase on mid‐term renal function after cystectomy
Authors: Beilstein Christian M , Buehler Oliver D , Furrer Marc A , Martig Lukas , Burkhard Fiona C , Wuethrich Patrick Y , Engel Dominique 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesTo determine whether early acute kidney injury affects mid‐term renal function, to identify risk factors for impaired mid‐term renal function, and to highlight the evolution of plasma creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate in the first 12 months after cystectomy and urinary diversion.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center retrospective observational cohort study from 2000 to 2019. We included 900 consecutive patients undergoing cystectomy and urinary diversion. Patients with incomplete data and preoperative hemodialysis were excluded. Early acute kidney injury was defined as an increase in plasma creatinine of >50% or >26.5 μmol/L within 24 h after surgery. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to model the association between risk factors and change in plasma creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate at 12 months.ResultsEarly acute kidney injury was diagnosed in 183/900 patients (20.3%) and was associated with significant mid‐term plasma creatinine increase compared to preoperative value (+10.0 μmol/L [95% confidence interval −1.5, 25.0] vs +4.0 μmol/L [−7.0, 13.0]; P < 0.001). Similarly, a significant estimated glomerular filtration rate change was found (−11.2 mL/min [95% confidence interval −19.8, 0.6] vs −4.9 mL/min [−15.6, 5.3]; P < 0.001). In the linear regression model, early acute kidney injury increased creatinine at 12 months by 9.8% (estimated glomerular filtration rate: decrease by 6.2 mL/min), male sex by 12.0%. Limitations include retrospective analysis from prospectively assessed data.ConclusionsEarly acute kidney injury resulted in elevated plasma creatinine and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate values 12 months postoperatively, albeit the clinical relevance remains questionable.
Displacement risk: Unpacking a problematic concept for disaster risk reduction
Authors: Guadagno Lorenzo , Yonetani Michelle 
Published: April 2022

Abstract“Displacement risk” is increasingly central to global policy discourse on disaster risk reduction (DRR), despite its vague formulation and inconsistent use. Different understandings of displacement, its complex relationship with vulnerability, and its ambiguous role as a necessary survival strategy for people in harm's way that also creates or exacerbates risk, hinder its clear conceptualization. This limits the clarity and value of recommendations to “reduce displacement risk” for DRR. The explicit consideration of two complementary aspects of risk related to displacement could support more comprehensive, actionable discourses: (1) the “risk stemming from displacement”, that is, any negative impact people might experience due to displacement, and (2) the “risk of remaining displaced”, that is, of people being displaced for a long time. Consideration of these aspects would allow to better include protection and durable solution perspectives within DRR, integrate displacement in disaster risk and loss assessments and add value to existing DRR efforts.