bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptoms and antecedents of autism in children born extremely premature: a national population-based study
Authors: Elgen Silje Katrine Fevang , Røiseland Madland Ada , Bircow Elgen Irene , Vollsæter Maria , Hysing Mari 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of autism (ASD) symptoms, i.e. , social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and communicational problems, among children born extremely preterm (EP) compared to a reference group, and to investigate possible antecedents of ASD symptoms among EP children. Method is a national Norwegian cohort of 11 year old EP children, excluding those with intellectual disabilities, non-ambulatory cerebral palsy, blindness, and/or deafness. Parents and teachers reported ASD symptoms using The Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ). Social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, communicational problems, and a total ASSQ score were presented. Combined ratings on the ASSQ was defined as parent and/or teacher scoring the child ≥ 98th percentile of the reference group, which was the population-based Bergen Child Study. Of eligible children, 216 (64%) EP and 1882 (61%) reference children participated. EP children had significantly higher mean scores and combined ratings on social difficulties (14.5% vs. 4.1%, OR: 3.2), repetitive behaviors (23.7% vs. 4.0%, OR: 6.4), communicational problems (23.1% vs. 4.8%, OR: 5.4), and the total ASSQ score (18.3% vs. 3.4%, OR: 5.7) compared to reference children. Only no prenatal steroids, IQ 70–84, and mental health problems at 5 years of age were significantly associated with ASD symptoms at 11 years of age. EP children were at increased risk of social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and communicational problems, and approximately one out of five were reported as high scorers of ASD symptoms. No prenatal steroids use, IQ in the lower range, and mental health problems at 5 years of age were associated with ASD symptoms.
Integrierte Versorgung von Rettungsdienstpatienten. Konsentierte Empfehlungen für optimale Prozesse und Strukturen
Authors: Rothhardt Janett , Piedmont Silke , Swart Enno , Robra Bernt-Peter , Branse Doreen , Comos Patrick , Grimaldi Gina , Walcher Felix , Goldhahn Ludwig 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das vom Innovationsfonds geförderte Projekt „Integrierte Notfallversorgung: Rettungsdienst im Fokus“ (Inno_RD) bringt anhand datenbasierter Analysen Handlungsempfehlungen zur Verbesserung der (Notfall‑)Versorgung in den Diskurs zum Gesetzentwurf zur Reformierung der Notfallversorgung ein.

Methoden
Die Handlungsempfehlungen (HE) basieren auf Analysen von drei Fokusgruppen mit Experten der Notfallversorgung, auf Rettungsdienst- und Krankenkassendaten und einer schriftlichen Patientenbefragung. Im Rahmen einer anschließenden Online-Befragung wurden 55 Aussagen (davon 35 HE und 20 vertiefende Statements) zwei getrennten Gruppen, d. h. den Fokusgruppenteilnehmern („purposive sampling“) und weiteren Experten der Notfallversorgung („convenience sample“ mit gesondertem Befragungslink) vorgelegt. Die Teilnehmer wurden gebeten, die Empfehlungen zu bewerten. 442 Fragebögen wurden für die Analyse berücksichtigt.

Ergebnisse
Alle 55 Aussagen wurden von beiden Gruppen mehrheitlich positiv bewertet (≥50 % Zustimmung), d. h. 19 Aussagen für den Bereich Leitstelle, 14 für Patientenversorger, 19 zur Dokumentation und Evaluation sowie drei HE, die die Bevölkerung adressieren. Vorschläge für die Leitstellen und die Dokumentation und Evaluation von Einsätzen wurden überwiegend mit starkem Konsens (>95 %) und Empfehlungen für den Bereich bevölkerungsbezogene HE und Patientenversorger mehrheitlich mit Konsens (>75–95 %) bewertet.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Aussagen fanden bei den an der Umfrage teilnehmenden Experten große Zustimmung. Die Empfehlungen sollten im Diskurs zur Organisation und Qualitätssicherung der Notfallversorgung berücksichtigt werden.
Spinach-based RNA mimicking GFP in plant cells
Authors: Yu Zhiming , Wang Yue , Mei Fengling , Yan Haiting , Jin Zhenhui , Zhang Pengcheng , Zhang Xian , Tör Mahmut , Jackson Stephen , Shi Nongnong , Hong Yiguo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSpinach RNA-mimicking GFP (S-RMG) has been successfully used to monitor cellular RNAs including microRNAs in bacterium, yeast, and human cells. However, S-RMG has not been established in plants. In this study, we found that like bacterial, yeast, and human cellular tRNAs, plant tRNAs such as tRNALys can protect and/or stabilize the Spinach RNA aptamer interaction with the fluorophore DFHBI enabling detectable levels of green fluorescence to be emitted. The tRNALys-Spinach-tRNALys, once delivered into “chloroplast-free” onion epidermal cells can emit strong green fluorescence in the presence of DFHBI. Our results demonstrate for the first time that Spinach-based RNA visualization has the potential for in vivo monitoring of RNAs in plant cells.
Mid-Holocene lateral collapse of Antuco volcano (Chile): debris avalanche deposit features, emplacement dynamics, and impacts
Authors: Romero Jorge E. , Moreno Hugo , Polacci Margherita , Burton Mike , Guzmán Danny 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAntuco (37.4°S, 71.4°W; Chile) is a dominantly basaltic stratovolcano whose original ~ 3300 m altitude main cone experienced a catastrophic sector collapse at ~ 7.1 cal ka BP, producing a volcanic debris avalanche deposit (VDAD) with hummocky surface and ~ 6.4 km3 of volume. We carried out geological studies of its debris avalanche deposit, which was distributed to the W and displays a longitudinal facies transformation from edifice’s megablocks and block to mixed facies in distal areas (up to 25 km from the scar). Our observations support the behavior of the avalanche beginning as a translational slide, and then as plug flow when confined within the Laja River valley. Clay abundance and high content of hydrothermally altered material may suggest active participation of water; flow velocities are estimated to ~100 m s−1. We primarily identify the steep-sided flanks of the cone, and hydrothermal alteration promoted the edifice instability, while basement seismogenic structures may have ultimately triggered the landslide. Subsequent landslide-led events include the transformation of the volcanic activity with explosive eruptions producing a sequence of dilute pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) ending ~3.4 ky BP, and extensive lava effusion rapidly reconstructing the collapsed edifice. Moreover, the Antuco VDAD also blocked the natural output of the Laja Lake, increasing its level by ~200 m and then triggering cataclysmic outburst floods by dam rupture, preserved as high-energy alluvial beds with ages between 2.8 and 1.7 ky BP. The Antuco constitutes an excellent example of a critical chain of events initiated by a stratovolcano lateral collapse and warns for detailed hazard investigations to better comprehend its related impacts.
Synaptic or Non-synaptic? Different Intercellular Interactions with Retinal Ganglion Cells in Optic Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Yiqing , Zhuo Yehong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAxons of adult neurons in the mammalian central nervous system generally fail to regenerate by themselves, and few if any therapeutic options exist to reverse this situation. Due to a weak intrinsic potential for axon growth and the presence of strong extrinsic inhibitors, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) cannot regenerate their axons spontaneously after optic nerve injury and eventually undergo apoptosis, resulting in permanent visual dysfunction. Regarding the extracellular environment, research to date has generally focused on glial cells and inflammatory cells, while few studies have discussed the potentially significant role of interneurons that make direct connections with RGCs as part of the complex retinal circuitry. In this study, we provide a novel angle to summarize these extracellular influences following optic nerve injury as “intercellular interactions” with RGCs and classify these interactions as synaptic and non-synaptic. By discussing current knowledge of non-synaptic (glial cells and inflammatory cells) and synaptic (mostly amacrine cells and bipolar cells) interactions, we hope to accentuate the previously neglected but significant effects of pre-synaptic interneurons and bring unique insights into future pursuit of optic nerve regeneration and visual function recovery.
Galanin mediates tumor-induced immunosuppression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: de Medeiros Marcell Costa , Liu Min , Banerjee Rajat , Bellile Emily , D’Silva Nisha J. , Rossa Carlos 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Galanin receptor 2 (GALR2) plays a significant role in the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Since there is virtually no information on immunomodulation mediated by its ligand in the tumor microenvironment, we assessed the effects of galanin on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Methods
After verification of GALR2 expression and it activity in PBMCs we evaluated the effect of galanin and conditioned media from HNSCC cell lines silenced for galanin or antibody-depleted, on proliferation, apoptosis, cytokine expression and activation/differentiation of immune cells.

Results
We found that galanin alone and as a component of the HNSCC secretome decreased HNSCC cell proliferation and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α), whilst increasing apoptosis and expression of pro-tumoral cytokines/growth factors (IL-10, IL-4, PDGF and GM-CSF). T cell activation (using CD69 as activation marker) and anti-tumoral phenotypes in CD4+ T cells (Th1 and Th17) were found to be suppressed. In vivo, tumor growth was found to be increased in the presence of galanin-stimulated PBMCs. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed that high expression of galanin was associated with a reduced overall survival of patients with HNSCC.

Conclusion
Our data indicate that galanin secreted by HNSCC cells exhibits immune-suppressive and pro-tumoral effects.
Current trends in addressing environmental and social risks in mining and mineral supply chains by regulatory and voluntary approaches
Authors: Franken Gudrun , Schütte Philip 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMining activities have always raised environmental and social concerns due to their impact on natural resources and people. During the last decade, the stakeholder base expected to respond to these sustainability concerns has broadened from directly involved parties to a range of indirect stakeholders along the downstream mineral value chain. These stakeholders variably engage in reporting, supplier risk assessments, exercising supply chain due diligence, third party assurance, and corporate social responsibility measures. This trend reflects a combination of societal, investor, and regulatory pressure as well as industry self-regulation along the supply chain. The present article examines this development from the complementary perspectives of international regulations and voluntary industry and multi-stakeholder initiatives affecting the industrial and the artisanal mining sector as well as the associated mineral supply chains. To this end, we provide an introductory analysis on the global uptake, implementation challenges, and lessons learnt with regard to both regulatory developments and voluntary initiatives. Key challenges identified include a misalignment between local reforms and international efforts, heterogeneous downstream market requirements, and evasive strategies as well as gaps to report on and achieve positive local sustainability impacts, partly brought about by emphasising corporate risk management over local community priorities. Meaningful stakeholder dialogue and increased local ownership are key factors to overcome some of these challenges.
Effect of active and passive distraction techniques while administering local anaesthesia on the dental anxiety, behaviour and pain levels of children: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Shekhar S. , Suprabha B. S. , Shenoy R. , Rao Ashwin , Rao Arathi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of the study was to compare the effect of a stress ball, an active distraction technique with audio-visual eyeglasses, a passive distraction technique during local anaesthesia administration, on dental anxiety (primary outcome), behaviour and pain levels of children (secondary outcomes).MethodsIn this randomised controlled parallel arm trial involving 123 children aged 8–12 years, who required dental treatment under inferior alveolar nerve block, children were randomly allocated into the following three groups: Group 1: Stress ball, Group 2: Audio-visual eyeglasses, Group 3: Control group (basic behaviour guidance without distraction). Dental anxiety was measured using modified child dental anxiety scale and pulse rate, behaviour was rated using Venham’s scale and pain was measured by both self-reporting and observational scales.ResultsNo significant difference between the groups was observed for dental anxiety, but a significant decrease was seen in dental anxiety scores within all groups. No significant differences were seen between the groups for behaviour ratings and pain scores.ConclusionUse of active stress ball distraction or passive audio-visual eyeglasses during local anaesthesia administration decreased dental anxiety but did not result in a significant improvement in the dental anxiety, behaviour and pain levels when compared to basic behaviour guidance without distraction.Clinical trial registrationThe clinical trial was registered at Clinical Trials Registry–India (CTRI Reg no: CTRI/2019/04/018768, Dated 24 April 2019).
Longwall face roof disaster prediction algorithm based on data model driving
Authors: Pang Yihui , Wang Hongbo , Lou Jinfu , Chai Hailong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHydraulic support is the primary equipment used for surrounding rock control at fully mechanized mining faces. The load, location, and attitude of the hydraulic support are important sets of basis data to predict roof disasters. This paper summarized and analyzed the status of coal mine safety accidents and the primary influencing factors of roof disasters. This work also proposed monitoring characteristic parameters of roof disasters based on support posture-load changes, such as the support location and support posture. The data feature decomposition method of the additive model was used with the monitoring load data of the hydraulic support in the Yanghuopan coal mine to effectively extract the trend, cycle period, and residuals, which provided the period weighting characteristics of the longwall face. The autoregressive, long-short term memory, and support vector regression algorithms were used to model and analyze the monitoring data to realize single-point predictions. The seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models were adopted to predict the support cycle load of the hydraulic support. The SARIMA model is shown to be better than the ARIMA model for load predictions in one support cycle, but the prediction effect of these two algorithms over a fracture cycle is poor. Therefore, we proposed a hydraulic support load prediction method based on multiple data cutting and a hydraulic support load template library. The constructed technical framework of the roof disaster intelligent prediction platform is based on this method to perform predictions and early warnings of roof disasters based on the load and posture monitoring information from the hydraulic support.
Entwicklung und Validierung einer computerbasierten Aufgabe zur Induktion eines psychischen Beanspruchungsspektrums
Authors: Funk Yannick Andreas , Haase Henrike , Remmers Julian , Nussli Noé , Deml Barbara 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen des vom BMBF geförderten ProjektsFahrerkabine 4.0wird eine adaptive Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle für Landmaschinen entwickelt, die das aktuelle Beanspruchungslevel mit Hilfe physiologischer Daten detektiert. Zu diesem Zwecke wird in dieser Arbeit eine Experimentalaufgabe entwickelt und evaluiert, die ein psychisches Belastungsspektrum vonwenigbissehr stark anstrengendin Versuchspersonen induzieren kann. In drei Laborstudien wird psychische Belastung mit einer Überwachungstätigkeit erzeugt, deren Bearbeitungsgeschwindigkeit randomisiert variiert. Die Komplexität der Tätigkeit wird abschnittsweise durch eine visuelle und/oder eine auditive Nebenaufgabe erhöht. Von den Versuchspersonen empfundene psychische Beanspruchung wird mit Hilfe der Rating Scale Mental Effort, der Reaktionszeiten und der Fehlerrate bewertet. Die Studien mit jeweils N = 17, N = 8 bzw. N = 21 Probanden zeigen, dass eine dynamische Kombination von Haupt- und Nebenaufgaben signifikant unterschiedliche Belastungsgrade induzieren kann (F (2,40) = 54.834,p < 0,001).Praktische Relevanz: Mithilfe der entwickelten Experimentalaufgabe wird in zukünftigen Arbeiten ein Messsystem zur Klassifizierung psychischer Beanspruchungszustände für Landmaschinen entworfen und erprobt. In beanspruchungsarmen Situationen (z. B. automatisierte Ernte) sollen zusätzliche Handlungsempfehlungen vorgeschlagen werden. Während stark beanspruchenden Abschnitten soll eine Überforderung der Nutzenden vermieden werden, indem lediglich die für die Durchführung der Arbeitstätigkeit notwendigen Informationen angezeigt werden.
Reliability analysis of an earth dam in operating conditions using direct coupling
Authors: Siacara A. T. , Napa-García G. F. , Beck A. T. , Futai M. M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, we present a numerical investigation of the direct coupling between the deterministic GeoStudio package (Seepage/W and Slope/W software) and the StRAnD reliability package for normal operating conditions of an existing old earth dam over time. Direct coupling avoids errors associated to point estimate methods and to using response surface surrogates. One relevant feature of the study is the use of realistic pore water pressures for each equilibrium analysis, accomplished by considering a long-term steady-state analysis as an initial condition, followed by four years of equilibrium analysis, before each transient seepage analysis. All reliability analysis were performed using the first-order reliability method. The most important random parameters found in sensitivity analyses are four dam body parameters (saturated hydraulic conductivity,ks; specific weight,γ; effective cohesion,c′; and friction angle,ϕ′) and two filter parameters (ksandϕ′). A range of values of the relationship between the reliability index (β) and the factor of safety (FS) was found for all probabilistic and deterministic results. Finally, a large difference in terms of critical deterministic and probabilistic slip surfaces is identified for the same time of analysis.Article highlightsRealistic pore water pressures used in dam equilibrium analysis, by considering random seepage analysis in previous 5 to 30 days.Direct coupling of deterministic and reliability softwares avoids errors associated to point estimate and response surface surrogate methods.Existing old earth dam studied in Normal Operating Condition.For same analysis time, large differences are observed between critical deterministic and probabilistic slip surfaces.
ODGNet: a deep learning model for automated optic disc localization and glaucoma classification using fundus images
Authors: Latif Jahanzaib , Tu Shanshan , Xiao Chuangbai , Ur Rehman Sadaqat , Imran Azhar , Latif Yousaf 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlaucoma is one of the prevalent causes of blindness in the modern world. It is a salient chronic eye disease that leads to irreversible vision loss. The impediments of glaucoma can be restricted if it is identified at primary stages. In this paper, a novel two-phase Optic Disk localization and Glaucoma Diagnosis Network (ODGNet) has been proposed. In the first phase, a visual saliency map incorporated with shallow CNN is used for effective OD localization from the fundus images. In the second phase, the transfer learning-based pre-trained models are used for glaucoma diagnosis. The transfer learning-based models such as AlexNet, ResNet, and VGGNet incorporated with saliency maps are evaluated on five public retinal datasets (ORIGA, HRF, DRIONS-DB, DR-HAGIS, and RIM-ONE) to differentiate between normal and glaucomatous images. This study’s experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ODGNet evaluated on ORIGA for glaucoma diagnosis is the most predictive model and achieve 95.75, 94.90, 94.75, and 97.85% of accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and area under the curve, respectively. These results indicate that the proposed OD localization method based on the saliency map and shallow CNN is robust, accurate and saves the computational cost.
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus sequence type 1478 spread across hospitals participating in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program from 2013 to 2018
Authors: Kleinman David R. , Mitchell Robyn , McCracken Melissa , Hota Susy S. , Golding George R. ,   CNISP VRE Working Group, Smith Stephanie W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjective:To analyze the spread of a novel sequence type (ST1478) of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium across Canadian hospitals.Design:Retrospective chart review of patients identified as having ST1478 VRE bloodstream infection.Setting:Canadian hospitals that participate in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP).Methods:From 2013 to 2018, VRE bloodstream isolates collected from participating CNISP hospitals were sent to the National Microbiology Laboratory (NML). ST1478 isolates were identified using multilocus sequence typing, and whole-genome sequencing was performed. Patient characteristics and location data were collected for patients with ST1478 bloodstream infection (BSI). The sequence and patient location information were used to generate clusters of infections and assess for intrahospital and interhospital spread.Results:ST1478 VRE BSI occurred predominantly in a small number of hospitals in central and western Canada. Within these hospitals, infections were clustered on certain wards, and isolates often had <20 single-nucleotide variants (SNV) differences from one another, suggesting a large component of intrahospital spread. Furthermore, some patients with bloodstream infections were identified as moving from one hospital to another, potentially having led to interhospital spread. Genomic analysis of all isolates revealed close relatedness between isolates at multiple different hospitals (<20 SNV) not predicted from our epidemiologic data.Conclusions:Both intrahospital and regional interhospital spread have contributed to the emergence of VRE ST1478 infections across Canada. Whole-genome sequencing provides evidence of spread that might be missed with epidemiologic investigation alone.
Radicalizing Feminism: The Mexican and Cuban Associations within the Women's International Democratic Federation in the Early Cold War
Authors: Chicharro Manuel Ramírez 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article analyses the interactions between the Women's International Democratic Federation (WIDF) and its Mexican and Cuban national chapters and affiliated organizations. Focusing on the National Bloc of Revolutionary Women, the Democratic Union of Mexican Women, and the Democratic Federation of Cuban Women, this article studies the ideological foundations these organizations defended and the action programmes they used to materialize them. One of its main contributions is to argue that Mexican and Cuban socialist and communist women contributed to the struggle for women's emancipation within the Eastern Bloc through grass-roots contributions that did not simply emulate European communist organizations, but drew on, and were informed by, national contexts, material conditions, and historical backgrounds. The increasing number of requests, demands, and proposals emerging from Latin America, and more specifically from Mexico and Cuba, ultimately fostered a steady process of decentralization that broadened visions of women's progress within the global leftist feminist movement during the early Cold War.