bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lymphocyte and CD62E expression in lichen planus and lichenoid reaction
Authors: Werneck Juliana Tristão , Souza Gonçalves Lúcio , Marques Letícia Côgo , Junior Arley Silva 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is difficult to distinguish the clinical and histopathological aspects of oral lichen planus lesions from those of oral lichenoid reaction. Some criteria were proposed to distinguish them, mainly because they have different biological behaviors. The aim of the present study was to compare the lymphocyte population and the expression of E-selectin between these lesions.MethodsParticipants with a clinical diagnosis of oral lichen planus (GOLP) and oral lichenoid reaction (GOLR) who needed to perform a biopsy were selected. The tissue was frozen and immunostaining was performed for CD3/CD4, CD3/CD8, CD4/CLA, CD8/CLA, and CD62E. The analysis of each immunostaining was accomplished using the ImageJ program.ResultsIn total, 25 participants with oral lichen planus and 11 with oral lichenoid reaction were seen. In the evaluation of CD3 + CD4+/CD3 + and CD3 + CD8+/CD3 + proportions, there was a higher percentage of these cells in the oral lichen planus group when compared with the oral lichenoid reaction group (p = 0.027 and p = 0.038 respectively). The average number of CLA + lymphocytes for CD4+/CLA + and CD8+/CLA + in both groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.840; d = 0.363). In GOLP, the number of CD4 + CLA+/E-selectin and CD8 + CLA+/E-selectin was not statistically significant (p = 0.951 and p = 0.454 respectively); neither in GOLR (p = 0.454 and p = 0.989 respectively).ConclusionOur results indicate that CD3 + CD4+, CD3 + CD8+, CD4 + CLA+, CD8 + CLA + lymphocytes and E-selectin are present in both lesions. However, the proportion of CD3 + CD4+/CD3 + and CD3 + CD8/CD3 + cells is higher in the oral lichen planus group when compared with the oral lichenoid reaction group, suggesting that these cells may be important for the etiopathogenic mechanism of these lesions.
Baduanjin exercise for balance function in community-dwelling older adults with cognitive frailty: a randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wu Jiawei , Wang Xiaoqian , Zheng Guohua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Balance function provides a physiological link between the physical and cognitive function, and is a potential predictor for cognitive frailty. As a gentle mind–body exercise, Baduanjin can develop flexibility and co-ordination, thus would be is helpful for the improvement of balance function. This trial will evaluate the effect of Baduanjin on balance function in older adults with CF.

Methods/design
A total of 72 community-dwelling older adults with CF will be recruited and randomly allocated (1:1) into the Baduanjin exercise group or usual physical activity control group. All participants will undergo a health education program on nutrition and diet-related knowledge for 6 sessions (30 min per session) during the intervention period. Moreover, participants in the Baduanjin exercise group will receive a 24-week Baduanjin training course of 60 min per session and 3 sessions per week, while those in the usual physical activity control group will be required to maintain their original physical activity. Primary and secondary outcomes will be measured at baseline and after the 24-week intervention period. A mixed linear model will be constructed to analyse the intervention effects.

Discussion
This protocol presents an objective design of a randomized, single-blind trial that will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese mind–body exercise Baduanjin training on the balance ability of community-dwelling older adults with cognitive frailty. If the results are as expected, this trial will provide evidence of the effect of Baduanjin exercise on balance in an older community-based population.

Trial registration
This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with code ChiCTR2100050857 and was approved on 5 September 2021.
Obesity promotes lipid accumulation in lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer: a retrospective case‒control study
Authors: Xiao Jian , Shen Kuan , Liu Kanghui , Wang Yuanhang , Fan Hao , Cheng Quan , Zhou Xinyi , Hu Li , Wang Gang , Xu Zekuan , Yang Li 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The connection between obesity, lipid accumulation, and lymph node metastasis (LNM) in gastric cancer (GC) is unclear.

Methods
The association of body mass index (BMI) and serum lipid levels with LNM was measured by calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in 1,058 eligible GC patients with a mean age of 61.4 years. Meanwhile, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between lymph node metastasis-positive (N +) and -negative (N0) groups using public RNA-seq data. Neutral lipids in human GC samples were detected by Oil red O staining. The expression of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time PCR.

Results
Compared with normal-weight patients, overweight (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.26–3.23) and obese (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.15–2.91) patients showed increased ORs for LNM. However, no significant results were obtained for serum lipids in the multivariable-adjusted model (P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis suggested that increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was a risk factor in females (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.02–1.59). Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed a connection between lipid metabolism and LNM. Meanwhile, lipid staining showed a mass of lipids in obese N + tumor samples, and IHC analysis indicated an increase in LPL and CD36 expression in N + cases, implying a crucial role for exogenous lipid supply in LNM.

Conclusions
High BMI significantly increases the risk of LNM in GC and promotes lipid accumulation in GC cells in LNM.
Age-related changes in Folliculogenesis and potential modifiers to improve fertility outcomes - A narrative review
Authors: Esencan Ecem , Beroukhim Gabriela , Seifer David B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractReproductive aging is characterized by a decline in oocyte quantity and quality, which is directly associated with a decline in reproductive potential, as well as poorer reproductive success and obstetrical outcomes. As women delay childbearing, understanding the mechanisms of ovarian aging and follicular depletion have become increasingly more relevant. Age-related meiotic errors in oocytes are well established. In addition, it is also important to understand how intraovarian regulators change with aging and how certain treatments can mitigate the impact of aging. Individual studies have demonstrated that reproductive pathways involving antimullerian hormone (AMH), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), neurotropins, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and mitochondrial function are pivotal for healthy oocyte and cumulus cell development and are altered with increasing age. We provide a comprehensive review of these individual studies and explain how these factors change in oocytes, cumulus cells, and follicular fluid. We also summarize how modifiers of folliculogenesis, such as vitamin D, coenzyme Q, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) may be used to potentially overcome age-related changes and enhance fertility outcomes of aged follicles, as evidenced by human and rodent studies.
EBV persistence in gastric cancer cases conventionally classified as EBER-ISH negative
Authors: Siciliano M. C. , Tornambè S. , Cevenini G. , Sorrentino E. , Granai M. , Giovannoni G. , Marrelli D. , Biviano I. , Roviello F. , Yoshiyama H. , Leoncini L. , Lazzi S. , Mundo L. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes various B-cell lymphomas and epithelial malignancies, including gastric cancer (GC) at frequencies ranging from 5 to 10% in adenocarcinomas (ADK) to 80% in GC with lymphoid stroma (GCLS). Using high-sensitivity methods, we recently detected EBV traces in a large cohort of EBV-negative B-cell lymphomas, suggesting a hit-and-run mechanism.

Methods
Here, we used routine and higher-sensitivity methods [droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) for EBV segments on microdissected tumour cells and RNAscope for EBNA1 mRNA] to assess EBV infection in a cohort of 40 GCs (28 ADK and 12 GCLS).

Results
ddPCR documented the presence of EBV nucleic acids in rare tumour cells of several cases conventionally classified as EBV-negative (ADK, 8/26; GCLS, 6/7). Similarly, RNAscope confirmed EBNA1 expression in rare tumour cells (ADK, 4/26; GCLS, 3/7). Finally, since EBV induces epigenetic changes that are heritable and retained after complete loss of the virus from the host cell, we studied the methylation pattern of EBV-specifically methylated genes (Timp2, Eya1) as a mark of previous EBV infection. Cases with EBV traces showed a considerable level of methylation in Timp2 and Eya1 genes that was similar to that observed in EBER-ISH positive cases and greater than cases not featuring any EBV traces.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that: (a) EBV may contribute to gastric pathogenesis more widely than currently acknowledged and (b) indicate the methylation changes as a mechanistic framework for how EBV can act in a hit-and-run manner. Finally, we found that the viral state was of prognostic significance in univariate and multivariate analyses.
A rare window into a back-reef fish community from the middle Miocene (late Badenian) Medobory Hills barrier reef in western Ukraine, reconstructed mostly by means of otoliths
Authors: Schwarzhans Werner , Klots Oleksandr , Ryabokon Tamara , Kovalchuk Oleksandr 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Medobory Hills barrier reef in western Ukraine represents a unique environment during the late Badenian that existed for a relatively brief time. Here, we describe 170 specimens of otoliths and scarce skeletal elements that were collected in the back-reef environment of the central part of the barrier reef in the city of Horodok. They represent a rare window into a reef-associated bony fish fauna. The otolith assemblage is very diverse and differs in several aspects from time-equivalent otolith associations described from other regions and environments within the former Paratethys. The Medobory back-reef otolith assemblage is dominated by a highly diverse gobioid community, several of which are believed to reflect specific reef adaptations that have not been identified elsewhere. A total of 26 species have been identified, of which eight are described as new, including two new genera. In the order in which they are described, the new taxa are as follows: Gobiidae: Gobius bratishkoi n. sp., Gobius ukrainicus n. sp., Parenypnias n. gen. inauditus n. sp., Parenypnias n. gen. kiselevi n. sp., Medoborichthys n. gen. podolicus n. sp., and Medoborichthys n. gen. renesulcis n. sp.; Blenniidae: Blennius vernyhorovae n. sp.; and Labridae: Coris medoboryensis n. sp. The environmental implications of the otolith-based fish fauna are discussed, and a supraregional correlation of late Badenian otolith associations throughout the Paratethys is presented.ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BFD6A482-A250-4603-AD60-D94E7756D4FB https://zoobank.org/72CECD6E-B1C3-49FF-AFE1-C542140706D0.
Validation of dynamic [18F]FE-PE2I PET for estimation of relative regional cerebral blood flow: a comparison with [15O]H2O PET
Authors: Jakobson Mo Susanna , Axelsson Jan , Stiernman Lars , Riklund Katrine 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging is used in the diagnostic work-up in suspected parkinsonian syndromes and dementia with Lewy bodies but cannot differentiate between these syndromes, and an extra brain imaging examination of the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) or glucose metabolism is often needed for differential diagnosis. The requirement of two different imaging examinations is resource-consuming and inconvenient for the patients. Therefore, imaging of both cortical blood flow and DAT imaging with the same radiotracer would be more convenient and cost-effective. The aim of this study was to test whether relative regional cerebral blood flow (rCBFR) can be measured with the DAT-specific positron emission tomography (PET) tracer [18F]FE-PE2I (FE-PE2I), by validation with cerebral perfusion measured with [15O]H2O PET (H2O).

Methods
The rCBFR was quantified by kinetic modeling for FE-PE2I (R1) and H2O (F). The R1 was calculated using the simplified reference tissue model, and F was calculated with a modified Koopman double-integration method. The linear relationship and intraclass correlation (ICC) between R1 and F were tested in image data derived from 29 patients with recent onset parkinsonism and 30 healthy controls.

Results
There was a strong linear correlation across all subjects between R1 and F in the frontal, parietal, temporal, cingulate and occipital cortex as well as in the striatum (r  ≥  0.731–0.905, p  < 0.001) with a good-to-excellent ICC, ranging from 0.727 to 0.943 (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that FE-PE2I may be used as a proxy for cerebral perfusion, thus potentially serving as a radiotracer for assessment of both DAT availability and rCBFR in one single dynamic scan. This could be valuable in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes.
Trial registration: EUDRA-CT 2015-003045-26. Registered 23 October 2015 https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search?query=2015-003045-26
Hypoxia increases RCC stem cell phenotype via altering the androgen receptor (AR)-lncTCFL5-2-YBX1-SOX2 signaling axis
Authors: Guo Changcheng , Sun Yin , Zhai Wei , Yao Xudong , Gong Dongkui , You Bosen , Huang Chi-Ping , Zheng Junhua , Chang Chawnshang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Early studies indicated that the androgen receptor (AR) could promote renal cell carcinoma (RCC) development and metastasis, but its linkage to RCC progression under hypoxia, remains unclear.

Results
Here we found AR expression in RCC cells decreased in response to hypoxia, which might then lead to increase the cancer stem cells (CSC) phenotype through the lncTCFL5-2-modulated YBX1/SOX2 signals. The consequences of such hypoxia-modulated AR/lncTCFL5-2/YBX1/SOX2 signals ablity to alter the CSC phenotype might render RCC cells more resistant to targeted therapy with Sunitinib. Mechanism dissection revealed that AR might alter the lncTCFL5-2/YBX1/SOX2 signaling through transcriptional suppression of the lncTCFL5-2 expression via the AR-response-elements (AREs) on the lncTCFL5-2 promoter. The lncTCFL5-2 interacts with YBX1 to increase its stability, which in turn increases SOX2 expression at a transcriptional level via the YBX1-response-elements (YBX1Es) on the SOX2 promoter. The in vivo mouse model with orthotopic xenografts of RCC cells also validates the in vitro data, and a human RCC sample survey demonstrated the clinical significance of the AR/lncTCFL5-2/YBX1/SOX2 signaling axis for the RCC prognosis, likely as a result of regulating CSC phenotypes.

Conclusions
Together, these findings suggest that hypoxia may increase the RCC CSC phenotype via altering the AR/lncTCFL5-2/YBX1/SOX2 signaling axis and a potential therapy to target this newly identified signal perhaps may help improve the targeted therapy with Sunitinib to better suppress RCC progression.
Clinical outcome of wild-type AmpC-producing Enterobacterales infection in critically ill patients treated with β-lactams: a prospective multicenter study
Authors: Mounier Roman , Le Guen Ronan , Woerther Paul-Louis , Nacher Mathieu , Bonnefon Clément , Mongardon Nicolas , Langeron Olivier , Levesque Eric , Couffin Séverine , Houcke Stéphanie , Wolff Michel , Roujansky Ariane , Schimpf Caroline , Mekontso Dessap Armand , Cook Fabrice , Razazi Keyvan , Kallel Hatem 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
β-lactams are the main antibiotics used against wild-type AmpC-producing Enterobacterales (wtAE). However, they may fail or select AmpC-overproducing mutants. Our aim was to assess factors associated with clinical failure of β-lactams in the treatment of wtAE infection.

Methods
From September 2017 to December 2020, we prospectively included all consecutive patients treated by definitive β-lactams therapy for wtAE infection in four university ICUs. Clinical failure was defined as inadequate response to antimicrobial therapy leading to death or to the switch for a broader-spectrum antibiotic.

Results
177 patients were included and 29.4% progressed to clinical failure. E. cloacae was the most prevalent species (42.4%) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was the most frequent wtAE infection (69.5%). Cefepime and cefotaxime were used as definitive antibiotic treatment in 42.9% and 27.7% of patients, respectively. Occurrence of AmpC-overproduction was documented in 5.6% of patients and was associated with clinical failure (p = 0.004). In multivariate analysis, VAP (p < 0.001, OR 11.58 [95% CI 3.11–43.02] and K. aerogenes (p = 0.030, OR 3.76 [95% CI 1.13–12.46]) were independently associated with clinical failure. Conversely, cefotaxime as definitive treatment was found inversely associated with the risk of clinical failure (p = 0.022, OR 0.25 [95% CI 0.08–0.82]). After inverse probability weighting, cefotaxime showed a 20% risk reduction of clinical failure (95% CI  5–35%, p = 0.007) whatever the location of infection, the SOFA score on the day of wtAE infection, or the bacterial species.

Conclusions
Clinical failure in the treatment of wtAE infections is associated with the infection site and the causal microorganism. Additionally, cefotaxime use is probably protective against clinical failure in wtAE infection.
Experimental Investigation on Bond, Microstructure and Durability of Expired Hardened Cement Blended with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Partial Replacement of Cement in High-Strength Concrete
Authors: Chofore Ashenafi Tofu , Mitikie Bahiru Bewket , Haile Abenezer Tariku 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe current study aimed to investigate the influence of the expired hardened cement blended with ground granulated blast furnace slag on the bond, microstructure, and durability of high-strength concrete (HSC). Five concrete mixes are prepared; the first mix is taken as a control, and the remaining four mixes are used as experimental blends. HSC characteristics are evaluated by compressive, flexural, splitting tensile, bond, and durability tests. Furthermore, the ultrasonic pulse velocity and microstructural characteristics tests are carried out to check concrete quality. The synergistic action of blends (expired harden cement with GGBS) on the strength test results was found to increase with an increase in blends up to 20%. The durability result reveals that HSC was found to be impermeable under aggressive conditions. The microstructural characteristics achieved in the current investigation explain the above strength, bond, and durability performance of these mixes. The whole performance of blends in HSC is adequate for industrial use.
“In the office nine to five, five days a week… those days are gone”: qualitative exploration of diplomatic personnel’s experiences of remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Brooks Samantha K. , Hall Charlotte E. , Patel Dipti , Greenberg Neil 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Many employees had to work remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic. Literature suggests there are both challenges and benefits to remote working and that remote working can have detrimental effects on mental health. This study aimed to explore diplomatic personnel’s perceptions and experiences of working from home during the pandemic.

Methods
Twenty-five employees of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office took part in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was carried out to extract recurring themes from the data.

Results
Seven main themes emerged from the data: impact of the pandemic on work; relationships with colleagues; benefits of working from home; challenges of working from home; family; moving posts during the pandemic; and perceptions and predictions of post-pandemic work. Participants provided mixed views on how remote working had affected productivity and relationships with colleagues. Benefits of working from home included greater freedom and flexibility; new opportunities; and inclusivity of remote meetings. Challenges included being in different time zones to the countries they were working for; unsuitable home ergonomics; technological issues; and difficulties finding appropriate work-life balance. Those with young children reported difficulties juggling work and childcare. Adjusting to new posts at a time when staff were working remotely appeared particularly challenging. However, most did not want or expect to return to entirely office-based work. They predicted a hybrid model of working in the future, involving both office work and remote work; they stressed the importance of flexibility and suggested there would not be a one-size-fits-all approach to returning to face-to-face work.

Conclusions
Remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the ways in which employees work, showing them that they do not have to be in the office to successfully achieve their work goals and leaving many wanting flexibility to make their own decisions about working from home (or not). There are both benefits and challenges to remote working; managers can take steps to reduce some of the challenges by being available to support their employees, organising regular remote meetings and allowing employees autonomy in terms of when and where they work.
Cervical cancer heterogeneity: a constant battle against viruses and drugs
Authors: Sun Qian , Wang Liangliang , Zhang Cong , Hong Zhenya , Han Zhiqiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCervical cancer is the first identified human papillomavirus (HPV) associated cancer and the most promising malignancy to be eliminated. However, the ever-changing virus subtypes and acquired multiple drug resistance continue to induce failure of tumor prevention and treatment. The exploration of cervical cancer heterogeneity is the crucial way to achieve effective prevention and precise treatment. Tumor heterogeneity exists in various aspects including the immune clearance of viruses, tumorigenesis, neoplasm recurrence, metastasis and drug resistance. Tumor development and drug resistance are often driven by potential gene amplification and deletion, not only somatic genomic alterations, but also copy number amplifications, histone modification and DNA methylation. Genomic rearrangements may occur by selection effects from chemotherapy or radiotherapy which exhibits genetic intra-tumor heterogeneity in advanced cervical cancers. The combined application of cervical cancer therapeutic vaccine and immune checkpoint inhibitors has become an effective strategy to address the heterogeneity of treatment. In this review, we will integrate classic and recently updated epidemiological data on vaccination rates, screening rates, incidence and mortality of cervical cancer patients worldwide aiming to understand the current situation of disease prevention and control and identify the direction of urgent efforts. Additionally, we will focus on the tumor environment to summarize the conditions of immune clearance and gene integration after different HPV infections and to explore the genomic factors of tumor heterogeneity. Finally, we will make a thorough inquiry into completed and ongoing phase III clinical trials in cervical cancer and summarize molecular mechanisms of drug resistance among chemotherapy, radiotherapy, biotherapy, and immunotherapy.