bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a radiomics nomogram derived from Fluoride-18 PSMA-1007 PET/CT for risk stratification in newly diagnosed prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Zhuonan , Li Yunxuan , Zheng Anqi , Gao Jungang , Yuan Wang , Shen Cong , Bai Lu , Duan Xiaoyi 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Fluoride-18 (18F)-PSMA-1007-PET/CT radiomics for the tumor malignancy and clinical risk stratification in primary prostate cancer (PCa).Materials and MethodsA total of 161 pathological proven PCa patients in a single center were retrospectively analyzed. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Gleason Score (GS) and PET/CT indexes (SUVmin, SUVmax, and SUVmean) were compared according to risk stratification. Radiomics features were extracted from PCa 18F-PSMA-1007-PET/CT imaging. The radiomics score integrating all selected parameters and clinicopathologic characteristics was used to construct a binary logistic regression and nomogram classifier. Predictors contained in the individualized prediction nomogram included radiomics score, PSA level and metastasis status.ResultsThe radiomics signature, which consisted of 30 selected features, was significantly associated with PSA level and Gleason score (P &lt; 0.001 for both primary and validation cohorts). Predictors contained in the individualized prediction nomogram included radiomics score, PSA level and metastasis status. The model showed good discrimination with an area under the ROC curve of 0.719 for the GS. Combined clinical-radiomic score nomogram had a similar benefit to utilizing the PET/CT radiomic features alone for GS discrimination.ConclusionThe 18F-PSMA-1007-PET/CT radiomics signature can be used to facilitate preoperative individualized prediction of GS; incorporating the radiomics signature, PSA level, and metastasis status had similar benefits to those of utilizing the PET/CT radiomics features alone.
The effect of chronoradiotherapy on cervical cancer patients: A multicenter randomized controlled study
Authors: Wang Ying , Qiang Wan-Min , Li Jia-Qian , Shen Ao-Mei , Chen Xiao-Cen , Li Xiao-Fang , Zhang Bao-Zhong , Xie Juan , Yan Rong , Li Xiang-Hua , Zhang Zhao-Li , Wang Cui-Ling , Li Lai-You 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the short-term efficacy and radiotoxicity 3.543of chronoradiotherapy in patients with cervical cancer. We also examined the overall symptom score and quality of life (QOL) of patients who underwent morning radiotherapy and evening radiotherapy.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of morning radiotherapy (9:00–11:00 AM) with evening radiotherapy (7:00–9:00 PM) in cervical cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. From November 2021 to June 2022, 114 cervical cancer patients admitted to eight cancer center hospitals in Tianjin, Chongqing, Hubei, Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, Hebei, and Cangzhou were randomly divided into the morning radiotherapy group (MG; N = 61) and the evening radiotherapy group (EG; N = 53). The short-term efficacy of radiotherapy on cervical cancer patients at different time points and the occurrence of radiotoxicity were explored after patients had undergone radiotherapy.ResultsThe total effective response (partial remission [PR] + complete remission [CR]) rate was similar across the two groups (93.5% vs. 96.3%, p &gt; 0.05). However, the incidence of bone marrow suppression and intestinal reaction in the two groups were significantly different (p &lt; 0.05). The patients in the MG had significantly higher Anderson symptom scores than patients in the EG (21.64 ± 7.916 vs. 18.53 ± 4.098, p &lt; 0.05). In terms of physical activity, functional status, and overall QOL, the MG had significantly lower scores than the EG (p &lt; 0.05). No other measures showed a significant difference between the groups.ConclusionThe radiotherapy effect of the MG was consistent with that of the EG. The incidence of radiation enteritis and radiation diarrhea in the MG was significantly higher than that in the EG; however, bone marrow suppression and blood toxicity in the EG were more serious than in the MG. Because of the small sample size of the study, we only examined the short-term efficacy of radiotherapy. Therefore, further clinical trials are needed to verify the efficacy and side effects of chronoradiotherapy.Clinical Trial Registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn/searchproj.aspx, Registration Number: ChiCTR2100047140.
Immune-related keratitis is a rare complication associated with nivolumab treatment in a patient with advanced colorectal cancer: A case report
Authors: Su Yuqi , Li Guoquan , Xu Jiaxin , Zheng Jiale , Jiao Jiapeng , Zhang Jianhui , Gu Xiaokang , Cai Zhai , Luo Hongyu , Li Zhou , Han Shuai 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundImmunotherapy has been widely used to treat Colorectal cancer but has also observe some immune-related adverse effects. With proper treatment, most irAE can be solved and the effect of immunotherapy will not be affected by temporary immunosuppression. However, there are few reports about corneal irAE, and the current understanding of irAE is incomplete. Here we report a metastatic colorectal cancer case of immune-related keratitis caused by nivolumab and to explore the occurrence of immune-related keratitis.Case descriptionHere we report the case of a 49-year-old man with mCRC who had no previous ocular disease but developed immune-related ulcerative keratitis after treatment with nivolumab. We summarize a large amount of literature to discuss the mechanism of immune-related keratitis. In addition, we conclude a method that may be used to detect the occurrence of immune keratitis, by monitoring MMPs and maspin in patients treated with nivolumab. We believe immune-related keratitis may be a rare complication of nivolumab in the treatment of mCRC. The effect of simple anti-infective therapy and repair-promoting drugs was not obvious, but the effect of glucocorticoid combined with autologous serum was significant.ConclusionThe mechanism of immune-related keratitis is that nivolumab destroys the immune microenvironment and ACAID, and affects corneal healing. Patients who use nivolumab can prevent immune keratitis by testing MMPs and maspin. The occurrence of immune keratitis may be a good indicator of the efficacy of ICI, and further study can be done in the follow-up.
Development of artificial neural network models for paediatric critical illness in South Africa
Authors: Pienaar Michael A. , Sempa Joseph B. , Luwes Nicolaas , George Elizabeth C. , Brown Stephen C. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesFailures in identification, resuscitation and appropriate referral have been identified as significant contributors to avoidable severity of illness and mortality in South African children. In this study, artificial neural network models were developed to predict a composite outcome of death before discharge from hospital or admission to the PICU. These models were compared to logistic regression and XGBoost models developed on the same data in cross-validation.DesignProspective, analytical cohort study.SettingA single centre tertiary hospital in South Africa providing acute paediatric services.PatientsChildren, under the age of 13 years presenting to the Paediatric Referral Area for acute consultations.OutcomesPredictive models for a composite outcome of death before discharge from hospital or admission to the PICU.InterventionsNone.Measurements and main results765 patients were included in the data set with 116 instances (15.2%) of the study outcome. Models were developed on three sets of features. Two derived from sequential floating feature selection (one inclusive, one parsimonious) and one from the Akaike information criterion to yield 9 models. All developed models demonstrated good discrimination on cross-validation with mean ROC AUCs greater than 0.8 and mean PRC AUCs greater than 0.53. ANN1, developed on the inclusive feature-et demonstrated the best discrimination with a ROC AUC of 0.84 and a PRC AUC of 0.64 Model calibration was variable, with most models demonstrating weak calibration. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that all models were superior to baseline strategies, with ANN1 demonstrating the highest net benefit.ConclusionsAll models demonstrated satisfactory performance, with the best performing model in cross-validation being an ANN model. Given the good performance of less complex models, however, these models should also be considered, given their advantage in ease of implementation in practice. An internal validation study is now being conducted to further assess performance with a view to external validation.
Neglected problem: Influence of school bag on lumbar segment in children
Authors: Bajin Milan , Kojić Milan , Romanov Romana , Ahmetović Zlatko 
Published: November 2022

Background and ObjectivesSchool bag (SB) load causes significant changes in the height and symmetry of the intervertebral discs at each level of the spine from T12-L1 to L5-S1. This study aims to determine the change in the size of the lumbar segment angle at a particularly critical point L3-L4 of the spine in relation to the load of the average weight of SB in healthy male children (students) at standing and after 2-minute gait.Methods47 boys, aged 12.2 ± 0.92 years, underwent photogrammetric measurements in the sagittal plane in statics and dynamics, walking on a laboratory treadmill. Measurements were repeated with the weight of SB with a constant load of 6,251 kg, which represents 13.78% of the average body weight of our sample. The lumbar angle (LA) connecting the point of the big toe, the lumbar point L3-L4 and the processus spinosus C7 was measured. In gait, LA was measured in the phases of the middle support and the initial contact of the heel.ResultsT-test of paired samples was used to estimate the change in LA at standing from 4.953° and walking phases from 6.295° to 7.332° in relation to the unloaded state, and the value of the effect size (ES) indicates that the impact of SB load is significant.ConclusionsCumulatively, microtraumas caused by SB load significantly affect the increase in intervertebral pressure at the L3-L4 point, which is susceptible to degenerative processes and which can be the cause of lumbar syndrome (LS). Preventive measures are needed in order to lighten SB in this population and introduce up to 10% of students' body weight into the safe zone.
Exploring the mechanism of Alisma orientale for the treatment of pregnancy induced hypertension and potential hepato-nephrotoxicity by using network pharmacology, network toxicology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Liao Yilin , Ding Yiling , Yu Ling , Xiang Cheng , Yang Mengyuan 
Published: November 2022

Background: Pregnancy-induced Hypertension (PIH) is a disease that causes serious maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Alisma Orientale (AO) has a long history of use as traditional Chinese medicine therapy for PIH. This study explores its potential mechanism and biosafety based on network pharmacology, network toxicology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation.Methods: Compounds of AO were screened in TCMSP, TCM-ID, TCM@Taiwan, BATMAN, TOXNET and CTD database; PharmMapper and SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, DisGeNET and OMIM databases were used to predict the targets of AO anti-PIH. The protein-protein interaction analysis and the KEGG/GO enrichment analysis were applied by STRING and Metascape databases, respectively. Then, we constructed the “herb-compound-target-pathway-disease” map in Cytoscape software to show the core regulatory network. Finally, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were applied to analyze binding affinity and reliability. The same procedure was conducted for network toxicology to illustrate the mechanisms of AO hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.Results: 29 compounds with 78 potential targets associated with the therapeutic effect of AO on PIH, 10 compounds with 117 and 111 targets associated with AO induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity were obtained, respectively. The PPI network analysis showed that core therapeutic targets were IGF, MAPK1, AKT1 and EGFR, while PPARG and TNF were toxicity-related targets. Besides, GO/KEGG enrichment analysis showed that AO might modulate the PI3K-AKT and MAPK pathways in treating PIH and mainly interfere with the lipid and atherosclerosis pathways to induce liver and kidney injury. The “herb-compound-target-pathway-disease” network showed that triterpenoids were the main therapeutic compounds, such as Alisol B 23-Acetate and Alisol C, while emodin was the main toxic compounds. The results of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation also showed good binding affinity between core compounds and targets.Conclusion: This research illustrated the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of AO against PIH and AO induced hepato-nephrotoxicity. However, further experimental verification is warranted for optimal use of AO during clinical practice.
Cell-penetrating peptide-conjugated copper complexes for redox-mediated anticancer therapy
Authors: Peña Quim , Rodríguez-Calado Sergi , Simaan A. Jalila , Capdevila Mercè , Bayón Pau , Palacios Oscar , Lorenzo Julia , Iranzo Olga 
Published: November 2022

Graphical AbstractEffect of rGO doping in Tellurium tubes to achieve high electrochemical performance.
Tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in pediatric nephrotic syndrome: A combination of population pharmacokinetic modelling and machine learning approaches to improve individual prediction
Authors: Huang Qiongbo , Lin Xiaobin , Wang Yang , Chen Xiujuan , Zheng Wei , Zhong Xiaoli , Shang Dewei , Huang Min , Gao Xia , Deng Hui , Li Jiali , Zeng Fangling , Mo Xiaolan 
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: Tacrolimus (TAC) is a first-line immunosuppressant for the treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome (RNS), but the pharmacokinetics of TAC varies widely among individuals, and there is still no accurate model to predict the pharmacokinetics of TAC in RNS. Therefore, this study aimed to combine population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model and machine learning algorithms to develop a simple and accurate prediction model for TAC.Methods: 139 children with RNS from August 2013 to December 2018 were included, and blood samples of TAC trough and partial peak concentrations were collected. The blood concentration of TAC was determined by enzyme immunoassay; CYP3A5 was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method; MYH9, LAMB2, ACTN4 and other genotypes were determined by MALDI-TOF MS method; PPK model was established by nonlinear mixed-effects method. Based on this, six machine learning algorithms, including eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Random Forest (RF), Extra-Trees, Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), Adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) and Lasso, were used to establish the machine learning model of TAC clearance.Results: A one-compartment model of first-order absorption and elimination adequately described the pharmacokinetics of TAC. Age, co-administration of Wuzhi capsules, CYP3A5 *3/*3 genotype and CTLA4 rs4553808 genotype were significantly affecting the clearance of TAC. Among the six machine learning models, the Lasso algorithm model performed the best (R2 = 0.42).Conclusion: For the first time, a clearance prediction model of TAC in pediatric patients with RNS was established using PPK combined with machine learning, by which the individual clearance of TAC can be predicted more accurately, and the initial dose of administration can be optimized to achieve the goal of individualized treatment.
A systematic review of the effect of university positive psychology courses on student psychological wellbeing
Authors: Hobbs Catherine , Armitage Jessica , Hood Bruce , Jelbert Sarah 
Published: November 2022

Educational courses that teach positive psychology interventions as part of university degree programs are becoming increasingly popular, and could potentially form part of university-wide strategies to respond to the student mental health crisis. To determine whether such courses are effective in promoting student wellbeing, we conducted a systematic review of studies across the globe investigating the effects of positive psychology courses taught within university degree programs on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing. We searched Embase, PsychInfo, PubMed, and Web of Science electronic databases from 1998 to 2021, identifying 27 relevant studies. Most studies (85%) reported positive effects on measures of psychological wellbeing, including increased life satisfaction and happiness. However, risk of bias, assessed using the ROBINS-I tool, was moderate or serious for all studies. We tentatively suggest that university positive psychology courses could be a promising avenue for promoting student wellbeing. However, further research implementing rigorous research practices is necessary to validate reported benefits, and confirm whether such courses should form part of an evidence-based response to student wellbeing.Systematic review registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=224202], identifier [CRD42020224202].
The relationship between social capital and postpartum depression symptoms of lactating women in minority areas—A cross-sectional study from Guangxi, China
Authors: Qin Yinghua , Guo Pengfei , Li Jiacheng , Liu Jingjing , Jiang Shengchao , Yang Feng , Wang Rizhen , Wang Jiahui , Liu Huan , Zhang Xin , Wang Kexin , Wu Qunhong , Shi Wuxiang 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPostpartum depression (PPD) is the most common mental illness affecting women during lactation, and good social capital is considered a protective factor. This study aimed to investigate PPD symptoms, and explore the relationships between social capital and PPD symptoms of lactating women in southwest minority areas in China.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 413 lactating women in Guangxi, China. Data were collected using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Chinese version of the Social Capital Assessment Questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to explore the factors influencing PPD symptoms, and a structural equation model was used to examine how social participation and cognitive social capital mediated PPD symptoms.ResultsThe total prevalence of PPD symptoms (score &gt; 12) was 16.46%, and that of mild depression symptoms (9–12 score) was 22.03%. Nine variables predicted PPD symptoms and explained 71.6% of the variance in the regression model: higher age, lack of medical security, fixed occupation, breastfeeding time, self-caregiver, maternity leave, social participation, social trust, and social reciprocity. Furthermore, cognitive social capital mediated the relationship between social participation and PPD symptoms, with a mediation effect rate was 44.00%.ConclusionThe findings of this study highlight that social capital, support from family members, maternity leave, and medical insurance play protective roles in the PPD symptoms of lactating women. It is necessary to improve social capital as a key strategy for interventions for PPD symptoms, and active social participation activities are critical to reducing PPD symptoms among lactating women in minority areas.
Health economics of health justice partnerships: A rapid review of the economic returns to society of promoting access to legal advice
Authors: Granger Rachel , Genn Hazel , Tudor Edwards Rhiannon 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundWelfare legal problems and inadequate access to support services follow both the socioeconomic and the health inequalities gradients. Health Justice Partnership (HJP) is an international practitioner-led movement which brings together legal and healthcare professionals to address the root causes of ill health from negative social determinants. The aim of this paper was to identify the current evidence base for the cost-effectiveness of HJP or comparable welfare advice services.MethodsA rapid review format was used, with a literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, ASSIA, PsycINFO, Medline, Cochrane Library, Global Health and Web of Science identifying 496 articles. After removal of duplicates, 176 papers were screened on titles and abstracts, and 20 papers met the eligibility criteria. Following a full-text screening, a further 14 papers were excluded due to lack of economic evaluations. Excluded papers' reference lists were scanned, with a further 3 further papers identified which met the inclusion criteria. A final pool of nine studies were included in this review.ResultsStudies focused on the financial benefit to service users, with only three studies reporting on cost effectiveness of the interventions. Only one study reported on the economic impact of change of health in service users and one study reported on changes in health service use.ConclusionThis review highlights the current evidence gap in evaluating the cost-effectiveness of adequate access to free legal welfare advice and representation. We propose that an interdisciplinary research agenda between health economics and legal-health services is required to address this research gap.
Seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 on a partially vaccinated island in Brazil: Determinants of infection and vaccine response
Authors: Cerbino-Neto José , Peres Igor Tona , Varela Margareth Catoia , Brandão Luciana Gomes Pedro , Matos Juliana Arruda de , Pinto Luiz Felipe , Costa Marcellus Dias da , Garcia Márcio Henrique de Oliveira , Soranz Daniel , Maia Maria de Lourdes de Sousa , Krieger Marco Aurélio , Cunha Rivaldo Venâncio da , Camacho Luiz Antonio Bastos , Ranzani Otavio , Hamacher Silvio , Bozza Fernando Augusto , Penna Gerson Oliveira 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundA vaccination campaign targeted adults in response to the pandemic in the City of Rio de Janeiro.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and identify factors associated with seropositivity on vaccinated and unvaccinated residents.MethodsWe performed a seroepidemiologic survey in all residents of Paquetá Island, a neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro city, during the COVID-19 vaccine roll-out. Serological tests were performed from June 16 to June 19, 2021, and adjusted seropositivity rates were estimated by age and epidemiological variables. Logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted ORs for risk factors to SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in non-vaccinated individuals, and potential determinants of the magnitude of antibody responses in the seropositive population.ResultsWe included in the study 3,016 residents of Paquetá (83.5% of the island population). The crude seroprevalence of COVID-19 antibodies in our sample was 53.6% (95% CI = 51.0, 56.3). The risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in non-vaccinated individuals were history of confirmed previous COVID-19 infection (OR = 4.74; 95% CI = 3.3, 7.0), being a household contact of a case (OR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.5, 2.6) and in-person learning (OR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.4, 3.0). Potential determinants of the magnitude of antibody responses among the seropositive were hybrid immunity, the type of vaccine received, and time since the last vaccine dose. Being vaccinated with Pfizer or AstraZeneca (Beta = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.8, 2.6) determined higher antibody titers than those observed with CoronaVac (Beta = 1.2; 95% CI = 0.9, 1.5).ConclusionsOur study highlights the impact of vaccination on COVID-19 collective immunity even in a highly affected population, showing the difference in antibody titers achieved with different vaccines and how they wane with time, reinforcing how these factors should be considered when estimating effectiveness of a vaccination program at any given time. We also found that hybrid immunity was superior to both infection-induced and vaccine-induced immunity alone, and online learning protected students from COVID-19 exposure.