bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of comminuted metaphyseal distal femoral fractures with a micromotion- balancing osteosynthesis: An animal study
Authors: Duan Zhengwei , Hu Hao , Wang Yang , Wang Diankai , Lu Hua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Locking plates are commonly used in the treatment of comminuted metaphyseal distal femoral fractures. However, locking plates form a strong structure and promote asymmetrical callus formation, which is not conducive for rapid fracture healing and may increase fracture risk. To overcome this, we designed a micromotion-balancing fixation system based on locking plates.
Methods
Six healthy pigs (Bama miniature pigs) were used to establish a model of bilateral comminuted distal femoral fracture (AO/ASIF: 33-C2). Standard drilling was performed on one of each pig’s hind limbs (control group), whereas eccentric drilling was performed on the other hind limb (experimental group). Both femurs were fixed with a 3-hole locking compression plate using 5-mm-diameter screws. At 12 postoperative weeks, all pigs were euthanized and the femurs with compression plates were radiographically examined. The level of fracture healing and loosening/internal fixation failure were recorded. Bone mineral density, number of trabeculae, trabecular morphology, and calcification precipitations were assessed.
Results
All pigs survived, and the fractures healed. No complications related to fracture healing, such as infection and internal fixation failure, were noted. The bone mineral density of the near and far cortical calli, number of the near and far cortical callus trabeculae, and difference in bone mineral density between the near and far cortical calli in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.01). However, the difference in the number of trabeculae between the near and far cortical calli was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
This newly designed system provides stable fixation for comminuted distal femoral fracture, increases the overall strain at the fracture site, and balances the strains at the near and far cortices to achieve uniform callus growth and fracture healing.
Application of ECMO in a patient with post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock combined with dextrocardia：case report
Authors: Zhang Xiuxiu , Wang Peisong , Fu Zhenqi , Lv Wenxuan , Wang Hao , Zhao Tiantong , Song Yichang , Yu Depeng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a widely-accepted salvage therapy for patients with refractory cardiogenic shock (CS). CS often presents with mirror-image dextrocardia and other cardiac abnormalities, making surgical management of CS challenging. The use of VA-ECMO and an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) to address CS combined with dextrocardia has not been reported previously. In this case report, we summarize our experience treating perioperative CS using VA-ECMO and IABP in a male patient with dextrocardia combined with coronary artery disease (CAD). During off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB), the patient developed CS and underwent emergency transfer to on-pump coronary artery bypass (ONCAB). The patient then received ECMO and an IABP, which successfully restored hemodynamic function. The patient was eventually discharged from the hospital without further complications.
Analysis of light penetration depth in apple tissues by depth- resolved spatial-frequency domain imaging
Authors: Zhou Tongtong , Hu Dong , Qiu Dekai , Yu Shengqi , Huang Yuping , Sun Zhizhong , Sun Xiaolin , Zhou Guoquan , Sun Tong , Peng Hehuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Spatial-frequency domain imaging (SFDI) has been developed as an emerging modality for detecting early-stage bruises of fruits, like apples, due to its unique advantage of depth-resolved imaging feature, in comparison with the conventional imaging techniques under uniform or diffuse illumination. This paper presents theoretical and experimental analyses to determine the light penetration depth in apple tissues under spatially modulated illumination. First, light penetrating capacity of the demodulated direct component and amplitude component images was investigated to prove the performance of the constructed SFDI system. Simulation and practical experiments were then carried out to explore the maximum light penetration depths in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples, in terms of two critical parameters, i.e., image contrast, and ratio of peak-to-valley intensity. Finally, apple experiment for early-stage bruise detection using the estimated reduced scattering coefficient mapping was conducted to validate the results of light penetration depths. The results showed that the simulations produced comparable or a little larger light penetration depth in apple tissues (~ 2.2 mm) than the practical experiment (~ 1.8 mm, or ~ 2.3 mm). Apple peel further decreased the light penetration depth due to the high absorption properties of pigment contents. The apple bruise, located beneath the surface peel with the depth of about 0-1.2 mm, could be effectively detected by the SFDI technique. This study, to our knowledge, made the first effort to investigate the light penetration depth in apple tissues by SFDI, which would provide useful information for enhanced detection of early-stage apple bruising by selecting appropriate spatial frequency.
Identification and validation of an anoikis-related gene signature based on machine learning algorithms in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chang Wuguang , Li Hongmu , Wu Chun , Chang Zenghao , Zhong Leqi , Ou Wei , Wang Siyu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Anoikis plays a key role in the process of tumor metastasis. This study aims to investigate the characteristic of anoikis-related genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods
The differentially expressed anoikis-related genes in the TCGA-ESCC cohort were identified. The key anoikis-related genes were selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), and their expression were verified by qRT-PCR. Multivariate Cox regression was applied to construct the anoikis-related gene signature (ARGS). GSEA was applied to investigate the differences of biological function and pathway in different ARGS subgroups. Immune cell analysis was analyzed by ssGSEA. The expression characteristics of key anoikis-related genes in the single-cell dataset derived from the TISCH database. Immunotherapy response prediction was performed by the TIDE algorithm.
Results
The signature containing 5 key anoikis-related genes (CLDN1, EGFR, PLK1, SATB1, and TNFSF10) was constructed. CLDN1, PLK1, SATB1, and TNFSF10 were shown to be highly expressed in ESCC by qRT-PCR. The ARGS-high group had enriched in more abundant cells and immune-related pathways. Additionally, the ARGS-high group benefited well from immunotherapy, while the ARGS-low group was more sensitive to chemotherapy.
Conclusion
This study identified 5 key anoikis-related genes and conducted the ARGS, which can help predict prognosis and may guide treatment strategies for ESCC patients.
Characteristics of intestinal microflora in children with Idiopathic Short Stature：A cross-sectional study
Authors: Miao Jing , Lai Panjian , Wang Kan , Fang Guoxing , Li Xiaobing , Zhang Linqian , Jiang Mizu , Bao Yunguang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic short stature (ISS) accounts for more than 70% of childhood short stature with undefined etiology and pathogenesis, leading to limited treatment of ISS. However, recent studies have shown intestinal microflora might be associated with ISS. This study aimed to detect the characteristics of intestinal microflora in ISS children and the effect of treatment with growth hormone and to evaluate the association of specific bacterial species with ISS.
Methods
This study enrolled a total of 55 children including 40 children diagnosed with ISS from Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University and 15 healthy children as control. The subjects were divided into the UISS group (22 ISS children that haven’t been treated with rhGH), the TISS group (18 ISS children that have been treated with rhGH for 1 year) and the NC group (15 healthy children). High throughput sequencing was used to detect their intestinal microflora characteristics.
Result
There were higher abundances of Bacteroides, Prevotella, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, Agathobacter and Roseburia in the UISS and TISS groups than in the NC group, but Bifidobacterium, Subdoligranulum and Romboutsia were less abundant. The composition of the intestinal microflora in the UISS and TISS groups was almost identical except for Prevotella. The TISS group had significantly lower levels of Prevotella than the UISS group, which was closer to the NC group. Meanwhile, ROC curve analysis revealed that the abundance of Prevotella, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Subdoligranulum were effective for differentiating between the UISS and NC groups.
Conclusion
The alteration of intestinal microflora might contribute to the development and progression of ISS. Specific bacterial species, like Prevotella, may be involved in the development of ISS.
Reduction of Emissions in Diesel Engine using Blended Diesel with Edible Bran Oil
Authors: Singh Aditya , Barman Shambhunath , Mondal P , Barman N 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Compare to the other internal combustion engines, the Diesel engine contributes a considerable part in air pollution; especially by emission of sulfur oxides (SOx) along with NOx, CO, and HC, those have a significant effect on the environment as well as on the human health. In concern to the fact, maintaining of the emissions out of diesel engines into the environment is mandatory; accordingly, a standard for emission regulation is set stringently from the BS-IV to BS-VI in this decade. Under this background, it is essential to look for an alternative method to reduce the emissions. Blending of biofuel with diesel is one of the suitable methods. On the track, most of the research works considered neem and jatropha oil as biofuel for blending. However, use of rice bran oil (RBO) is an interesting option, and rarely considered as a biofuel for the engines. In the present work, thus, the emission of pollutants and performance of a single cylinder Diesel engine with variable compression ratio (VCR) facility, made of Kirloskar, are investigated experimentally powered using blending of rice bran oil (0%, 15% and 30%) with diesel under three suitable compression ratios. It is observed, out of the experimental results, that the emission of major pollutants is less compare to using of pure diesel, together with almost same power output, which is a significant outcome of the research. This work recommends blending of the rice bran oil up to a limit of 30% in diesel and the engine is to be operated at moderate load.
Turbulence, intermittency and cross-scale energy transfer in an interplanetary coronal mass ejection
Authors: Rodríguez Roque Márquez , Sorriso-Valvo Luca , Yordanova Emiliya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Solar wind measurements carried out by NASA's Wind spacecraft before, during and after the passing of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) detected on 12-14 September 2014 have been used in order to examine several properties of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. Spectral indices and flatness scaling exponents of magnetic field, velocity and proton density measurements were obtained, and provided a standard description of the characteristics of turbulence within different sub-regions of the ICME and its surroundings. This analysis was followed by the validation of the third-order moment scaling law for isotropic, incompressible MHD turbulence in the same sub-regions, which confirmed the fully developed nature of turbulence in the ICME plasma. The energy transfer rate was also estimated in each ICME sub-region and in the surrounding solar wind. An exceptionally high value was found within the ICME sheath, accompanied by enhanced intermittency, possibly related to the powerful energy injection associated with the arrival of the ICME.
Methodology for identifying and tracking social media misinformation in tweets about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on reproductive health
Authors: Khakimova Aida , Zolotarev Oleg 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to develop the methodology identifying and tracking social media misinformation in tweets about the impact of the coronavirus and COVID-vaccine on reproductive health, one of the reasons for which is the lack of awareness about aspects of the coronavirus infection. We use a combination of machine and expert methods, and use the latest scientific articles as the standard for detecting disinformation. The proposed methodology includes the study of scientific articles as a source of reliable truthful information about the topic (information standard) and Twitter messages (assessment of information compliance with the standard). The result of the study is a methodology for detecting disinformation in the messages of social network users. Based on this methodology, the following aspects of the problem have been developed: 1) the formation of a scientific standard; 2) the principle of comparing the directions of scientific research and discussions on Twitter; 3) the principle of contextual comparison of user and scientific ideas about problems. An original methodology for identifying disinformation in social networks is proposed. In contrast to existing works, principles based on the processing of information from the content of scientific articles and messages from social networks are formulated.
Prospective Cohort Study of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes following Extreme Neonatal Hyperbilirubinaemia
Authors: MCGILLIVRAY ANGELA , Polverino Jan , Badawi Nadia , Evans Nicholas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
To describe the incidence and neurodevelopmental outcomes following extreme neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in an Australian cohort.
Study Design
A prospective cohort study of neurodevelopmental outcomes up to 3 years of age of infants born between 2010 and 2013 at ≥34 weeks’ gestation with TSB ≥450µmol/L and/or clinical signs of acute bilirubin encephalopathy. Kernicterus was defined as two consistent signs of adverse neurodevelopment consistent or bilateral lesions of the basal ganglia or midbrain on MRI.
Results
Follow-up assessment data was available for 26 out of 56 children. Three children had neurodevelopmental impairment: one has GMFCS level 4 CP, audiological deficiency and visual impairment, the second has GMFCS level 1 CP and the third, global developmental delay with autism spectrum disorder. The estimated incidence of kernicterus in this cohort is 0.35 per 100 000 live births.
Conclusion
Kernicterus continues to occur in high-income settings. Healthcare should be optimised to achieve prevention.
Hardiness in Family Caregivers During Caring From Pearsons With Breast Cancer: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sun Xin , Xu Lili , Kuang Zixia , Liu Liping , Shi Zhangjie , Sun Jigang , Wang Donghua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aim
Currently, there is a shortage of literature on Family hardiness among breast cancer caregivers. More specifically, the relationship between preparedness for caregiving and intimate relationship experiences has not been explored. This study was designed to describe the experiences of family Caregivers' hardiness and analysis the influences by evaluating the relationships between Family hardiness,intimate relationship experiences, and preparedness for caregiving.
Methods
From March to July, 2022, we surveyed 140 caregivers of breast cancer patients who were admitted in two IIIA-grade hospitals in Hunan Province, and reviewed their medical records. The Family Hardiness Index, Caregiver Preparedness Scale, and Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory were used, and chi-square and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.
Results
The mean Family Hardiness Index score of caregivers was 58.11 (SD = 5.67). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that family hardiness is affected by educational background, occupation, and knowledge of the patient’s disease. This study found that preparedness for caregiving was able to positively predict family hardiness(β = 0.265, P < 0.001), whereas intimate relationship experiences negatively predicted family hardiness (β = −0.078, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Breast cancer patients’ primary caregivers had moderate levels of family hardiness, suggesting that nurses should focus on the disease itself, while also evaluating the level of family hardiness of the main caregivers. Through disease knowledge guidance and psychological counseling, caregivers can improve their readiness, reduce attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, provide patients with a good family environment, and promote their recovery from disease.
External Physical Vibration Lithecbole After Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery Versus Micro-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Lower Pole Renal Calculi of &lt;20 mm in Size: A Prospective Study
Authors: Xu Xiaoming , Zhou Youfeng , Wang Libo , Tang Chunbo , Wang Shunping 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has been recommended as first-line therapy for larger lower calyceal stones (> 20 mm). However, PCNL causes greater surgical trauma to the patient. We introduced the use of an external physical vibration lithecbole (EPVL) after retrograde intrarenal surgery to improve the safety and stone-free rate of lower calyceal stones with less trauma and fewer adverse effects compared with micro-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL). 123 patients with stones of < 20 mm in diameter in the lower renal calyces were randomized to undergo either flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) + EPVL (n = 62) or MPCNL (n = 61). In terms of the primary endpoints, the stone-free rate at 4 weeks was similar between the two groups (96.77% in fURS + EPVL vs. 96.67% in MPCNL), but the change in the hemoglobin level from baseline was significantly different in favor of fURS + EPVL (8.87 ± 2.80 vs. 15.72 ± 4.71 g/dL, respectively; P < 0.001). Patients in the fURS + EPVL group had a significantly lower occurrence rate of complications and lower visual analogue scale scores at 6, 12, and 48 hours after surgery. Both fURS + EPVL and MPCNL can effectively clear lower calyceal stones of < 20 mm in diameter with a relatively high stone-free rate. Advantages of fURS + EPVL over MPCNL include less severe decreases in hemoglobin, a lower occurrence rate of complications, and lower visual analogue scale scores after surgery.
H\"older spaces on non-rectifiable periodic curves
Authors: Katz David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Let $\Gamma$ be a T-periodic infinite (generally speaking, non-rectifiable) Jordan curve on the complex plane. We consider space $ H_{\nu} (\Gamma / T)$ containing all T-periodic functions satisfying the H¨older condition with exponent $\nu$ on $\Gamma$. We study so called Privalov properties of these spaces
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 30E25, 47A53, 47A58.
Target-oriented refraction waveform inversion: A Brazilian pre-salt case study
Authors: Felipe Costa , Felipe Capuzzo , Luiz da Silva Sérgio , Roger Moreira , Adr de Souza Jr. , Jorge Lopez , Marco Cetale 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The ocean-bottom-node (OBN) technology has been increasingly used to characterize the Brazilian pre-salt reservoirs. The independence between the geometries of seismic sources and receivers, enabled by an OBN survey, permits designing wide-aperture acquisition geometries that favour the recording of refracted waves from ultra-deep reservoirs. In this context, we present a target-oriented full-waveform inversion (FWI) methodology to evaluate the inversion of refracted waves simulated using a realistic velocity model inspired by typical Brazilian pre-salt oil fields. In our tests we compare three acquisition geometries, using the same node configuration on the seabed, but different source geometries: (i) circular shot geometry, (ii) conventional OBN geometry, (iii) long-offset OBN geometry. We perform a wavepath analysis to investigate the illumination of the target region promoted by the refracted waves of a circular shot OBN survey. The wavepath analysis suggests that Brazilian pre-salt reservoirs may be well illuminated using the much fewer source points in a circular shot acquisition geometry. The FWI results with synthetic data show that refracted waves bring important information from the ultra-deep reservoirs which are indispensable for obtaining a reliable final velocity model. We show that adding a low-cost circle shot geometry to a conventional OBN survey delivers improvements from the long-offset data that are comparable to those obtained from the much more expensive long-offset OBN geometry. Furthermore, these results suggest that the long-offset and multi-azimuth dataset has great potential to improve the reservoir characterization in deep-water exploration marine settings.
Cost Model of the Water Pipeline Systems Used in Irrigation
Authors: Abdelhaleem Hanaa , gad manal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Water is the most important key to economic development. Agriculture uses the majority of the entire water resources around the world. Most of the farmed area relies on the systems of surface irrigation, which produce great losses of water, waterlogging, drop in land efficiency, and problems of salinity. Furthermore, weak agricultural methods and wrong irrigation management influence the quantity of the water supplies. Therefore, modern ways of irrigation systems must be used to improve water usage and have good management for irrigation water. The use of pressurized pipelines for the rehabilitation and improvement of irrigation water delivery systems is one of the most efficient ways for good management of irrigation water. Thus, designers and water developers will need useful cost prototypes to form these irrigation water pipelines. This study aims to assess the cost of the covered water pipeline systems (pressurized pipelines) used for farms and golf courses as described in the case study. The developed model uses a bottom-up pricing method generally used to estimate the price of various pipe materials (high-density black polyethylene and rigid polyvinyl chloride). After developing the model, a case study of a golf course in Oman has been chosen to apply our model to it. The model showed the accuracy of estimating the costs of the irrigation system that allows designers to create perfect and reliable cost estimates with limited initial knowledge. The model will be applied through most cost estimation levels, such as feasibility study, budget control, and bidding or tendering processes. Therefore, the cost estimates of the project are less possible to have extreme variations as the project schedule progresses. From another perspective, the unit price for installing the irrigation system of the cultivated area in the golf course is approximately $236.50 per square meter.