bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transforming growth factor‐β receptor type 2 is required for heparin‐binding protein–induced acute lung injury and vascular leakage for transforming growth factor‐β/Smad/Rho signaling pathway activation
Authors: Liu Zixuan , Chen Mingming , Sun Yini , Li Xu , Cao Liu , Ma Xiaochun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHeparin‐binding protein (HBP), as a granule protein secreted by polymorphonuclear neutrophils, participates in the pathophysiological process of sepsis. It has been reported that HBP is a biomarker of sepsis related to the severity of septic shock and organ dysfunction. HBP binds to vascular endothelial cells as a primary target site. However, it is still unclear whether HBP‐binding protein receptors exist on the surface of endothelial cells. The effect of HBP on vascular permeability in sepsis and its mechanism needs to be explored. We conducted in vivo and in vitro studies and demonstrated that HBP binds to transforming growth factor–β receptor type 2 (TGF‐β‐R2) as a ligand. Glutathione S‐transferase pull‐down analysis revealed that HBP mainly interacts with the extracellular domain of TGF‐β‐R2. HBP induces acute lung injury and vascular leakage via activation of the TGF‐β/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway. A permeability assay suggested that TGF‐β‐R2 is necessary for HBP‐induced increased permeability. We also defined the role of HBP and its potential membrane receptor TGF‐β‐R2 in the blood–gas barrier in the pathogenesis of HBP‐related acute lung injury.
Using the Eat Sleep Console Model to Promote Optimal Care and Outcomes for Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Haaland Grace , Kunkel Melissa , Nguyen Chi Mai , Wonder Amy Hagedorn 
Published: October 2022

Background:
A nurse led a team of providers in a quality improvement (QI) project to positively impact inpatient care and outcomes for infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). The Eat Sleep Console (ESC) model was implemented to promote rooming-in and family-centered care as part of a nonpharmacological treatment approach.

Purpose:
To compare the ESC model with the traditional Finnegan treatment approach to describe differences in infants' pharmacotherapy use (morphine), length of stay (LOS), weight loss, consumption of mother's own milk by any feeding method within 24 hours of discharge, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) use, and Pediatric Unit utilization.

Methods:
The QI project was conducted at a single hospital site with more than 1700 deliveries per year in the Midwestern United States. A comparative effectiveness study design was used to evaluate the ESC model.

Results:
The ESC model impacted care and outcomes for infants with NAS, contributing to a significant reduction in morphine treatment, decrease in LOS among morphine-treated infants, increase in weight loss in infants who did not require morphine treatment, less NICU use, and greater Pediatric Unit utilization. A nonsignificant increase was found in the number of infants who consumed their mother's own milk by any feeding method in the 24-hour period prior to discharge.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Results may be helpful for hospitals striving to optimize care for infants exposed to opioids, using assessments of eating, sleeping, and consoling to guide individualized treatment decisions and to reduce morphine use.
Maternal Voice Exposure and Its Effect on Premature Infants' Feeding Milestones
Authors: Alabbasi Yasmine , Parker Leslie , Weaver Michael , Krueger Charlene 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Premature infants experience alterations in maternal stimulation (including auditory sensory alteration such as talking or singing to the infant in the neonatal intensive care unit) due to admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. Because of their physiological and neurobehavioral immaturity, infants are at an increased risk of delays in reaching feeding milestones (a key developmental milestone), which often need to be achieved before discharge.

Purpose:
This systematic review evaluated the literature regarding the effect of maternal speech on achievement of feeding milestones in premature infants.

Data Sources:
A systematic search of CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from 2010 to 2021.

Study Selection:
Studies were selected if they examined the effect of maternal voice interventions on premature infants' feeding milestones.

Data Extraction:
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used.

Results:
Six studies were identified. This systematic review of the literature on the effects of maternal voice on feeding milestones in premature infants found equivocal results.

Implications for Practice:
Given the inconsistent results, this systematic review does not support a change in clinical practice. However, encouragement of maternal visits is highly recommended as the additional benefits of the mother's presence may extend beyond exposure to maternal voice.

Implications for Research:
More research is needed including use of more homogenous samples, application of recommended decibel levels, and utilization of an adequately powered randomized controlled trial to further examine the effects of maternal voice on feeding milestones.
Early Investigation and Bracing in DDH Impacts Maternal Wellbeing and Breastfeeding
Authors: Hoffer Alexander , Chhina Harpreet , Mulpuri Kishore , Cooper Anthony P. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The outcomes of Pavlik Harness (PH) management for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) are equivalent regardless of the initiation timing, if it is within the first 6 weeks of life. A PH may be a physical barrier to breastfeeding, which is important for nutrition, immunity, and normal child development. The diagnosis of DDH and early management with a PH may also negatively affect the maternal psychosocial wellbeing and the infant-maternal relationship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the diagnosis of DDH and the management with a PH has on maternal wellbeing and maintenance of breastfeeding, compared with being screened for but not diagnosed with DDH.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort of the mothers of infants who were diagnosed with DDH and treated with a PH brace was compared with the mothers of infants who were screened for DDH only. The Hip Worries Inventory and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were completed by the mothers in both groups. The PH group also completed an in-house questionnaire specific to PH and breastfeeding.

Results:
Eighty completed surveys were included, 50 from the treatment group. The mean age of the PH initiation was 6.2 weeks. The modified Hip Worries Inventory score was higher in the treatment group, with a mean difference (MD) of 9.7 out of 50 (95% confidence interval, CI, 6.8, 12.5). The MD of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was 2.0 out of 30 (CI −0.5, 4.5). Although there was no difference in the breastfeeding ease before and after the PH initiation (MD−0.2, CI−0.7, 0.2), 83% of mothers found breastfeeding more difficult with a PH and 11% of mothers stopped breastfeeding earlier than planned because of the PH.

Conclusions:
Mothers of infants with DDH worry more about their child’s hips and the PH. Screening alone may contribute to maternal psychological dejection and negative thoughts. The presence of a PH makes breastfeeding more difficult.

Level of Evidence:
Retrospective comparative study, level III.
A Prospective Study of Lumbar Facet Arthroplasty in the Treatment of Degenerative Spondylolisthesis and Stenosis
Authors: Pinter Zachariah W. , Freedman Brett A. , Nassr Ahmad , Sebastian Arjun S. , Coric Domagoj , Welch William C. , Steinmetz Michael P. , Robbins Stephen E. , Ament Jared , Anand Neel , Arnold Paul , Baron Eli , Huang Jason , Whitmore Robert , Whiting Donald , Tahernia David , Sandhu Faheem , Chahlavi Ali , Cheng Joseph , Chi John , Pirris Stephen , Groff Michael , Fabi Alain , Meyer Scott , Kushwaha Vivek , Kent Roland , DeLuca Steven , Smorgick Yossi , Anekstein Yoram ,   TOPS Study Group
Published: October 2022

Study Design:
Prospective randomized Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption clinical trial.

Objective:
The purpose of the present study is to report the 1-year clinical and radiographic outcomes and safety profile of patients who underwent lumbar facet arthroplasty through implantation of the Total Posterior Spine System (TOPS) device.

Summary of Background Data:
Lumbar facet arthroplasty is one proposed method of dynamic stabilization to treat grade-1 spondylolisthesis with stenosis; however, there are currently no Food and Drug Administration-approved devices for facet arthroplasty.

Methods:
Standard demographic information was collected for each patient. Radiographic parameters and patient-reported outcome measures were assessed preoperatively and at regular postoperative intervals. Complication and reoperation data were also collected for each patient.

Results:
At the time of this study, 153 patients had undergone implantation of the TOPS device. The mean surgical time was 187.8 minutes and the mean estimated blood loss was 205.7cc. The mean length of hospital stay was 3.0 days. Mean Oswestry Disability Index, Visual Analog Score leg and back, and Zurich Claudication Questionnaire scores improved significantly at all postoperative time points (P>0.001). There were no clinically significant changes in radiographic parameters, and all operative segments remained mobile at 1-year follow-up. Postoperative complications occurred in 11 patients out of the 153 patients (7.2%) who underwent implantation of the TOPS device. Nine patients (5.9%) underwent a total of 13 reoperations, 1 (0.6%) of which was for device-related failure owing to bilateral L5 pedicle screw loosening.

Conclusions:
Lumbar facet arthroplasty with the TOPS device demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in all patient-reported outcome measures and the ability to maintain motion at the index level while limiting sagittal translation with a low complication rate.
Effect of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression in Addition to Pharmacologic Prophylaxis for Thromboprophylaxis in Hospitalized Adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Duval Cécile , Sirois Caroline , Savoie-White Félix H. , Tardif Pier-Alexandre , Bérubé Mélanie , Turgeon Alexis F. , Cook Deborah J. , Lauzier François , Moore Lynne 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVES:
Venous thromboembolic events (VTE) are frequent complications in hospitalized patients and a leading cause of preventable death in hospital. Pharmacologic prophylaxis is a standard of care to prevent VTE in patients at risk, the additional value of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) is uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of adding IPC to pharmacologic prophylaxis to prevent VTE in hospitalized adults.

DATA SOURCES:
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform from inception to July 2022.

STUDY SELECTION:
We included randomized controlled trials comparing the use of IPC in addition to pharmacological thromboprophylaxis to pharmacological thromboprophylaxis alone in hospitalized adults.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Meta-analyses were performed to calculate risk ratio (RR) of VTE, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE). We assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials, Version 2 and the quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
We included 17 trials enrolling 8,796 participants. The IPC was mostly applied up to the thigh and pharmacological thromboprophylaxis was primarily low-molecular-weight heparin. Adjunctive IPC was associated with a decreased risk of VTE (15 trials, RR = 0.53; 95% CI [0.35–0.81]) and DVT (14 trials, RR = 0.52; 95% CI [0.33–0.81]) but not PE (seven trials, RR = 0.73; 95% CI [0.32–1.68]). The quality of evidence was graded low, downgraded by risk of bias and inconsistency. Moderate and very low-quality evidence, respectively, suggests that adjunctive IPC is unlikely to change the risk of all-cause mortality or adverse events. Subgroup analyses indicate a more evident apparent benefit in industry-funded trials.

CONCLUSIONS:
Results indicate low-quality evidence underpinning the additional use of IPC to pharmacological thromboprophylaxis for prevention of VTE and DVT. Further large high-quality randomized trials are warranted to support its use and to identify patient subgroups for whom it could be beneficial.
Globe Compression by Bone Fragments in Orbital Blow-in Fractures: A Case Series and Systematic Review
Authors: Park Royce B. , North Victoria S. , Rebhun Carl L. , Belinsky Irina , Godfrey Kyle J. , Tran Ann Q. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of orbital blow-in fractures involving compression of the globe by bone fragments.

Methods:
A retrospective case series and systematic literature review were performed.

Results:
Three male patients (mean age 29 years) with orbital blow-in fractures causing globe indentation presented with extraocular movement restriction, choroidal folds, and B-scan ultrasonography demonstrating deformation of the globe contour by a hyperechoic bone fragment. All underwent surgical repair within 1 day of presentation resulting in improved visual outcomes. An additional 10 cases were identified in the literature review. The majority of patients were male (80%) with a mean age of 29 years. Fractures originated primarily from the lateral orbital wall (50%) or the orbital roof (40%). Globe compression was evident on CT of the orbit (100%) and ultrasonography (30%). Common presenting signs included decreased visual acuity (70%), restriction of supraduction (40%) or abduction (40%), choroidal folds (30%), brow laceration (40%), periorbital edema (40%), and hypoglobus (40%). Most patients underwent surgical intervention (80%) involving fracture reduction (50%) or fragment removal (38%). Reported postsurgical outcomes were excellent with resolution of diplopia, motility, and visual acuity.

Conclusion:
Globe indentation from blow-in fractures are rare. Clinicians should be suspicious in cases of high-velocity trauma to the superolateral orbit with hypoglobus, motility limitation, and indentation of the globe upon dilated exam. Prompt diagnosis and early surgical removal of the compressive orbital bone fragments in a multidisciplinary fashion can lead to good visual, functional, and cosmetic outcomes.
Pimavanserin Exposure-Response Analyses in Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Darwish Mona , Bugarski-Kirola Dragana , Passarell Julie , Owen Joel , Jaworowicz David , DeKarske Daryl , Stankovic Srdjan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose/Background
Pimavanserin is a selective serotonin 5-HT2A receptor inverse agonist/antagonist being investigated in patients with negative symptoms of schizophrenia. This analysis aimed to characterize exposure-response relationships of pimavanserin in this population.

Methods/Procedures
Exposure-response models were developed using data from ADVANCE. Patients with negative symptoms of schizophrenia receiving background antipsychotics were randomized to pimavanserin 20 mg (adjusted to 34 or 10 mg between weeks 2–8 based on efficacy or tolerability) or placebo for 26 weeks. Time-varying pimavanserin exposure measures were predicted for each patient using a population pharmacokinetic model and individual empiric Bayesian parameter estimates. Response measures were the Negative Symptom Assessment 16 (NSA-16, primary end point), Personal and Social Performance scale, negative symptoms component of the Clinical Global Impression of Schizophrenia–Severity Scale, and adverse events.

Findings/Results
A higher pimavanserin exposure was associated with greater improvement in NSA-16 score. For a median area under the pimavanserin plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to 24 hours of 1465 ng × h/mL for the 34-mg dose, the model predicted a 10.5-point reduction in NSA-16 score. This exposure-response relationship with NSA-16 scores was not influenced by covariates. Similar results were observed with Personal and Social Performance and Clinical Global Impression of Schizophrenia–Severity, but not to the extent as NSA-16. There was no significant exposure-response relationship with anxiety, headache, insomnia, or somnolence.

Implications/Conclusions
Increasing pimavanserin plasma concentration was associated with improved NSA-16 scores (primary end point) in patients with negative symptoms of schizophrenia. No exposure-response relationship with select adverse events was observed.
Forgotten Heroes
Authors: Valera-Hernández María Fernanda , Arenas-Pérez Luisa , Fernandez-Capriles Isabella , Omaña-Paipilla Felipe , Palencia-Sánchez Francisco , Cadena-Camargo Yazmin 
Published: October 2022

Objectives
Health care support workers have been facing several challenges due to the stressful environment in COVID-19 pandemic. Because of the gap in literature, it is mandatory to explore their experiences to identify burnout, predisposing factors, and possible interventions.

Methods
We conducted qualitative research with a hermeneutic phenomenological method. Participants belonged to cleaning services, security, and hospital administration areas at a hospital in Bogotá. We used semistructured individual interviews. The analysis approaches were deductive and inductive.

Results
As main concepts, we found the following: fear of infection and coping mechanisms, dealing with COVID-19 and being part of the health care support system, overwhelming workload and motivation to keep going and socioeconomic conditions.

Conclusions
We found burnout predisposing factors; however, the participants did not express symptoms of burnout syndrome. We believe protective factors such as resilience are influential concerning this outcome.
Triggering goals of care conversations in heart failure patients
Authors: Fang Yichun M. , de Peralta Shelly S. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Goals of care conversations (GoCCs) are essential discussions, for those with chronic diseases, to identify a health care surrogate, initiate and review advance directives, and refer for palliative care. Prognosis with pulmonary hypertension (PH) related to heart failure (HF) remains challenging due to variation in trajectory of disease progression. The Gagne Combined Comorbidity score, an electronic prognostication score (E-Gagne), can be used to identify patients with high (>10%) 1-year mortality.

Local Problem:
Implementation of E-Gagne tool to identify HF patients with high 1-year mortality risk and trigger GoCCs.

Methods:
Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles were used throughout nine-week pre- and postintervention in an outpatient setting. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square analysis were used to compare GoCCs pre and post intervention.

Intervention:
Using the E-Gagne tool, PH patients with high mortality risk were identified, within 1 week of their scheduled appointments. GoCCs education was provided to all stakeholders. Medical records were reviewed for four aspects of GoCCs: presence and review of advanced directive, documented health care surrogates, and referral for palliative care.

Results:
Documentation of GoCCs was greater postintervention compared with preintervention (0%, n = 0/47 and 88%, n = 35/40 respectively, p < .001). Documentation of each of the four aspects of GoCCs was variable with the greatest improvement in documentation of health care surrogate and review of advance directives. There were no referrals for palliative care (0%, n = 0/47 and 0%, n = 0/40).

Conclusion:
Implementation of the E-Gagne tool, an electronic prognostication tool, identified high-risk PH HF patients and was effective in increasing documentation of GoCCs.
A new cardiovascular disease risk factor for young adults: Preterm birth
Authors: Brewer Pamela L. , D'Agata Amy L. , Sullivan Mary C. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Adults born preterm (birth <37 weeks' gestation) have a two-fold increased risk of early cardiovascular mortality. With 10% of the U.S. population born prematurely and perinatal advancements dramatically improving survival rates, millions of survivors are now reaching adulthood. This phenomenon has introduced a whole new population of individuals with a history of preterm birth. Although the prevailing notion has been that preterm birth is a condition confined only to infancy and early childhood, we now know preterm birth is a risk for lifelong chronic health conditions. Despite almost a decade of epidemiological evidence showing increased cardiovascular risk for those born preterm, this has not yet been translated into clinical practice. As a result, clinicians are caring for adults born prematurely without screening and treatment guidelines for this at-risk population and few inquire about birth history during clinical encounters. This brief report presents growing evidence about disrupted cardiogenesis and consequential structural and functional modifications. By asking the question “Were you born preterm?,” nurse practitioners can take the first step of increasing their awareness of this at-risk population and mitigate adverse cardiovascular outcomes by using preterm birth as a risk factor when determining health promotion and treatment decisions.
Standardization of Outcome Measures for Intratympanic Steroid Treatment for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Osafo Neil K. , Friedland David R. , Harris Michael S. , Adams Jazzmyne , Davis Chasity , Osinski Kristen , Tong Ling , Luo Jake 
Published: October 2022

Objective
To identify variability in reported hearing outcomes for intratympanic (IT) steroid treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) by comparing outcomes using the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) guideline with other published criteria.

Study Design
Retrospective chart review.

Setting
Tertiary otology practice.

Patients
Patients with ISSNHL treated with IT steroid between April 2003 and December 2020.

Interventions
IT steroid injection and audiometric evaluation.

Main Outcome Measures
1) Rates of full, partial, or no recovery using the AAO-HNS guideline versus other reported criteria, and 2) correlation analyses of demographic and clinical variables with response to IT steroid.

Results
Using AAO-HNS reporting criteria, full recovery of the pure-tone average was noted in 25.68% of patients. Applying eight other published outcomes criteria to this patient cohort classified full recovery in 14.87 to 40.54% of patients. Similarly, AAO-HNS criteria classified “no recovery” in 51.35% of our patients, whereas applying the other reported criteria showed an average rate of 62.16% no recovery and as high as 82.43% of patients without recovery. Younger age (p = 0.003; effect size, 0.924) and IT injection within a week of onset (p < 0.001; effect size, 1.099) positively correlated with full recovery. There was no impact of prior or concurrent oral steroids, or number of steroid injections on outcome.

Conclusion
Great variability exists in the literature for assessment of IT steroid outcomes in ISSNHL. Standard reporting of outcomes as per the AAO-HNS SSNHL guideline is recommended to consistently characterize IT steroid efficacy and allow comparison across studies.