bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Return On Equity Dan Return On Assets Dalam Menilai Pertumbuhan Laba Pada PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk Periode Tahun 2016 – 2020
Authors: Laily Amalia Najah , Suprihanto Slamet , Hamid Edison 
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine how the Return On Equity (ROE) and Return On Assets (ROA) in assessing the Profit Growt the object of research is PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk, the data is taken from the financial statements for the period 2016-2020. This research uses descriptive qualitative method which consists of three variables, namely the Return On Equity (ROE) and Return On Assets (ROA) as independent variables and Profit Growth as the dependent variable. The data analysis used in this research is the analysis of Return On Equity and Return On Assets in assessing the company’s Profit Growth. Based on the results of data analysis, it shows that the average return on equity (ROE) per year as a whole is 10,94%, this condition is in the poor category based on industry average standards. For the average return on assets (ROA) per year of 5.76%, this condition is in the very good category based on industry average standards. Based on the result of these studies that Return On Equity in assessing Profit Growth has a contribution of 1,81%. And Return On Assets in assessing Profit Growth has a contribution of 5,76%. Then from the results of the weighting of the return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) in assessing the average Profit Growth for the last 5 years, namely the 2016-2020 period, it contributed 5,32% and the rest was contributed by other factors not examined. in this research.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Return On Equity (ROE) dan Return On Assets (ROA) dalam menilai Pertumbuhan Laba yang menjadi objek penelitian adalah PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk, data diambil dari laporan keuangan periode 2016-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang terdiri dari tiga variabel yaitu Return On Equity (ROE) dan Return On Assets (ROA) sebagai variabel independen dan Pertumbuhan Laba sebagai variabel dependen. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis Return On Equity dan Return On Assets dalam menilai Pertumbuhan Laba perusahaan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata return on equity (ROE) per tahun secara keseluruhan adalah 10,94%, kondisi ini termasuk dalam kategori kurang baik berdasarkan standar rata-rata industri. Untuk rata-rata return on assets (ROA) per tahun sebesar 5,76%, kondisi ini berada pada kategori sangat baik berdasarkan standar rata-rata industri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut bahwa Return On Equity dalam menilai Pertumbuhan Laba memiliki kontribusi sebesar 1,81%. Dan Return On Assets dalam menilai Pertumbuhan Laba memiliki kontribusi sebesar 5,76%. Kemudian dari hasil pembobotan return on equity (ROE) dan return on assets (ROA) dalam menilai rata-rata Pertumbuhan Laba selama 5 tahun terakhir yaitu periode 2016-2020 memberikan kontribusi sebesar 5,32% dan sisanya disumbangkan oleh faktor lain yang tidak diperiksa. dalam penelitian ini
Catching the Butterfly and the Homunculus of η Carinae with ALMA
Authors: Zapata Luis A. , Loinard Laurent , Fernández-López Manuel , Toalá Jesús A. , González Ricardo F. , Rodríguez Luis F. , Gull Theodore R. , Morris Patrick W. , Menten Karl M. , Kamiński Tomasz 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The nature and origin of the molecular gas component located in the circumstellar vicinity of η Carinae are still far from being completely understood. Here, we present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array CO(3−2) observations with a high angular resolution (∼0.″15) and a great sensitivity that are employed to reveal the origin of this component in η Carinae. These observations reveal much higher velocity (−300 to +270 km s−1) blue- and redshifted molecular thermal emission than previously reported, which we associate with the lobes of the Homunculus Nebula, and which delineates very well the innermost contours of the red- and blueshifted lobes likely due to limb brightening. The inner contour of the redshifted emission was proposed to be a disrupted torus, but here we reveal that it is at least part of the molecular emission originating from the lobes and/or the expanding equatorial skirt. On the other hand, closer to systemic velocities (±100 km s−1), the CO molecular gas traces an inner butterfly-shaped structure that is also revealed at near-IR and mid-IR wavelengths as the region in which the shielded dust resides. The location and kinematics of the molecular component indicate that this material has formed after the different eruptions of η Carinae.
Multiwavelength Vertical Structure in the AU Mic Debris Disk: Characterizing the Collisional Cascade
Authors: Vizgan David , Meredith Hughes A. , Carter Evan S. , Flaherty Kevin M. , Pan Margaret , Chiang Eugene , Schlichting Hilke , Wilner David J. , Andrews Sean M. , Carpenter John M. , Moór Attila , MacGregor Meredith A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Debris disks are scaled-up analogs of the Kuiper Belt in which dust is generated by collisions between planetesimals. In the collisional cascade model of debris disks, the dust lost to radiation pressure and winds is constantly replenished by grinding collisions between planetesimals. The model assumes that collisions are destructive and involve large velocities; this assumption has not been tested beyond our solar system. We present 0.″25 (≈2.4 au) resolution observations of the λ = 450 μm dust continuum emission from the debris disk around the nearby M dwarf AU Microscopii with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. We use parametric models to describe the disk structure, and a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) algorithm to explore the posterior distributions of the model parameters; we fit the structure of the disk to both our data and archival λ = 1.3 mm data (Daley et al. 2019), from which we obtain two aspect ratio measurements at 1.3 mm (h
1300 =

0.025

−
0.002

+
0.008

) and at 450 μm (h
450 =

0.019

−
0.001

+
0.006

), as well as the grain-size distribution index q = 3.03 ± 0.02. Contextualizing our aspect ratio measurements within the modeling framework laid out in Pan & Schlichting (2012), we derive a power-law index of velocity dispersion as a function of grain size p = 0.28 ± 0.06 for the AU Mic debris disk. This result implies that smaller bodies are more easily disrupted than larger bodies by collisions, which is inconsistent with the strength regime usually assumed for such small bodies. Possible explanations for this discrepancy are discussed.
Mitigating Bias in CMB B-modes from Foreground Cleaning Using a Moment Expansion
Authors: Sponseller Danielle , Kogut Alan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
One of the primary challenges facing upcoming cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiments aiming to measure the inflationary B-mode signal is the removal of polarized foregrounds. The thermal dust foreground is often modeled as a single modified blackbody; however, overly simplistic foreground models can bias measurements of the tensor-to-scalar ratio r. As CMB polarization experiments become increasingly sensitive, thermal dust emission models must account for greater complexity in the dust foreground while making minimal assumptions about the underlying distribution of dust properties within a beam. We use Planck dust temperature data to estimate the typical variation in dust properties along the line of sight and examine the impact of these variations on the bias in r if a single modified blackbody model is assumed. We then assess the ability of the moment method to capture the effects of spatial averaging and to reduce bias in the tensor-to-scalar ratio for different possible toy models of dust emission. We find that the expected bias due to temperature variations along the line of sight is significant compared to the target sensitivities of future CMB experiments, and that the use of the moment method could reduce bias as well as shed light into the distribution of dust physical parameters.
Likelihood-free Inference with the Mixture Density Network
Authors: Wang Guo-Jian , Cheng Cheng , Ma Yin-Zhe , Xia Jun-Qing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work, we propose using the mixture density network (MDN) to estimate cosmological parameters. We test the MDN method by constraining parameters of the ΛCDM and wCDM models using Type Ia supernovae and the power spectra of the cosmic microwave background. We find that the MDN method can achieve the same level of accuracy as the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, with a slight difference of


(

10

−
2

σ
)

. Furthermore, the MDN method can provide accurate parameter estimates with


(

10

3

)

forward simulation samples, which are useful for complex and resource-consuming cosmological models. This method can process either one data set or multiple data sets to achieve joint constraints on parameters, extendable for any parameter estimation of complicated models in a wider scientific field. Thus, the MDN provides an alternative way for likelihood-free inference of parameters.
SWASTi-SW: Space Weather Adaptive Simulation Framework for Solar Wind and Its Relevance to the Aditya-L1 Mission
Authors: Mayank Prateek , Vaidya Bhargav , Chakrabarty D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Solar wind streams, acting as a background, govern the propagation of space weather drivers in the heliosphere, which induce geomagnetic storm activities. Therefore, predictions of the solar wind parameters are the core of space weather forecasts. This work presents an indigenous three-dimensional (3D) solar wind model (SWASTi-SW). This numerical framework for forecasting the ambient solar wind is based on a well-established scheme that uses a semiempirical coronal model and a physics-based inner heliospheric model. This study demonstrates a more generalized version of the Wang–Sheeley–Arge relation, which provides a speed profile input to the heliospheric domain. Line-of-sight observations of GONG and Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager magnetograms are used as inputs for the coronal model, which in turn provides the solar wind plasma properties at 0.1 au. These results are then used as an initial boundary condition for the magnetohydrodynamics model of the inner heliosphere to compute the solar wind properties up to 2.1 au. Along with the validation run for multiple Carrington rotations, the effect of variation of specific heat ratio and study of the stream interaction region (SIR) are also presented. This work showcases the multidirectional features of SIRs and provides synthetic measurements for potential observations from the Solar Wind Ion Spectrometer subsystem of the Aditya Solar wind Particle Experiment payload on board ISRO’s upcoming solar mission Aditya-L1.
Two Homologous Quasi-periodic Fast-mode Propagating Wave Trains Induced by Two Small-scale Filament Eruptions
Authors: Wang Jincheng , Yan Xiaoli , Xue Zhike , Yang Liheng , Li Qiaoling , Xu Zhe , Yang Liping , Peng Yang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We present two homologous quasi-periodic fast-mode propagating (QFP) wave trains excited by two small-scale filament eruptions nearby a sunspot on 2017 September 12. By using observations from several ground-based and space-based instruments, it is found that the eruptions of two small-scale filaments resulted in some accompanying solar phenomena/activities (such as radio bursts, GOES C-class flares, coronal bright fronts, and QFP wave trains). The QFP wave trains run behind the main coronal bright fronts with a constant propagating speed of about 800 km s−1, while two main coronal bright fronts traveled away from the flare kernel obeying the power-law functions of

S
(
t
)
=
894.9
∗

t
−
7.43

0.60

+
76.8

and S(t) = 705.3 ∗ (t − 19.12)0.47 + 57.5, respectively. The period of the first QFP wave train was estimated to be about 59 s, while the second QFP wave train has two periods of about 70 and 37 s. On the other hand, the intensity peaks of 94 and 335 Å passbands in the flare kernel exhibit some perturbations during the occurrences of the QFP wave trains. With the wavelet analysis and their synchronization, these perturbations and the QFP wave trains are tightly related phenomena, which suggests that they have a common exciting mechanism. Furthermore, we find that the emissions of the intensity peak mainly originate from the one footpoint of flare loops during the occurrence of the QFP wave trains. According to the above features, we conclude that the QFP wave trains are excited in the energy release process associated with magnetic reconnection and are closely related to the outflow of the magnetic reconnection.
Incivilités numériques
Authors: Dupré Delphine 
Published: September 2022

Ce chapitre vise à établir une revue des travaux scientifiques francophones et anglophones sur les incivilités numériques en contexte de travail. Nous commençons par proposer une définition de ce concept. L’incivilité numérique désigne, dans la littérature, des actes peu graves médiatisés par les technologies de communication. Si les incivilités transgressent les codes de courtoisie en vigueur au travail, elles peuvent également devenir, par des mécanismes de « spirale » et de banalisation, une norme d’interaction tolérée. Nous effectuons par la suite un tour d’horizon des travaux qui ont documenté les effets délétères des incivilités, tant au niveau de la santé mentale et physiologique des salariés, que du fonctionnement des organisations. Nous concluons en démontrant que loin de se limiter à des questions de mœurs, les incivilités numériques sont ancrées dans les mutations à l’œuvre dans les organisations contemporaines.
Incivilités numériques
Authors: Laborde Aurélie , Carayol Valérie 
Published: September 2022

Dans ce chapitre, les auteures s’appuient sur le courant anglo-saxon des Organizational dark side studies pour revisiter les résultats de plusieurs recherches menées sur une période de trois ans dans le cadre d’un programme de recherche sur les incivilités numérique intitulé CIVILINUM 1 . Cette perspective théorique amène à concevoir les incivilités numériques comme des phénomènes organisationnels « obscurs », dans le sens où ils peuvent être perçus comme négatifs et non éthiques, mais également et surtout dans la mesure où ils sont cachés, masqués, rendus invisibles, consciemment ou non, dans les organisations. Les analyses font également apparaître les incivilités numériques comme des révélateurs, les prolongements ou les traces de difficultés relationnelles et de conflits sous-jacents à la vie organisationnelle.
Pour une approche intersectionnelle en sociologie des arts et de la culture
Authors: Delaporte Chloé , Flores Espínola Artemisa , Guittet Emmanuelle , Harchi Kaoutar , Sonnette-Manouguian Marie , Talbot Cécile 
Published: September 2022

Comment s’articulent et se croisent les différents rapports de domination qui traversent le monde social – qu’ils soient de classe, de sexe, de race, etc. – et, surtout, comment cette imbrication est-elle susceptible de produire des configurations spécifiques ? C’est toute l’ambition des approches intersectionnelles que d’analyser, notamment du point de vue des expériences situées, la manière dont les effets croisés des appartenances et assignations de classe, de sexe, de race, etc., produisent des situations sociales particulières, qui ne procèdent pas que de l’addition des inégalités. Ce dossier thématique argumente en faveur d’une approche intersectionnelle en sociologie des arts et de la culture. L’introduction offre un retour sur les contextes d’émergence et de diffusion du concept d’intersectionnalité, en particulier aux États-Unis et en France, permet d’en souligner les enjeux programmatiques et les défis méthodologiques. Le dossier, composé de trois articles, d’une note de lecture et d’un entretien, offre une illustration possible de l’usage de ces approches dans l’étude des mondes de la culture.
Representing “Diversity”: The Social and Professional Conditions for Accessing Public Funding in the French Audiovisual Sector
Authors: Mayenga Evélia 
Published: September 2022

In France, public funding occupies a specific place in the production and consecration cycles of film and television. Offering both financial resources and legitimacy to works determined to be of “quality,” this funding constitutes an ideal empirical platform to identify the interconnected social relations of gender, race, and class which shape access to French audiovisual production. Taking as its subject the Images de la diversité commission, a unique public funding scheme aimed at combating discrimination in the audiovisual sector, this article seeks to analyze the modalities of this state-funded support to a cultural industry. Established in 2007 to support works that “represent diversity” in film and television, this commission has institutionalized award criteria that fall between art and politics, and at the intersection of race, class, age, and migration status. By analyzing quantitatively a body of 1,318 works, stories, and production companies funded by the commission, this article aims to identify the social and professional conditions of this support for “diversity” and of access to production and legitimacy in the French audiovisual sector.
La controverse Seguin - Navier Á propos de l’introduction des ponts suspendus en France (1821-1826)
Authors: Cotte Michel 
Published: September 2022

Au début des années 1820, le pont suspendu par chaînes de fer forgé qui s’était développé dans l’Est des États-Unis puis en Grande-Bretagne commence à être connu en France, via quelques articles de revues et récits de voyage. Il devient bientôt une idée à la mode, dans les salons parisiens comme dans les antichambres du pouvoir politique et administratif. Aussi dissemblables que possible sur le plan scientifique et social, deux « champions » hexagonaux s’affrontent. Le parisien est un brillant professeur de l’École des Ponts et chaussées, le provincial un drapier ardéchois à la science en grande partie autodidacte… Ils défendent des idées techniques antagonistes et ils promeuvent des projets inévitablement concurrents. Au-delà du récit balzacien de leur controverse technoscientifique, il s’agit d’une très belle confrontation, pour l’essentiel méconnue, qui hissa les compétences françaises de l’époque au sommet d’une technologie qui était née ailleurs.
De l’autre côté du miroir : le changement de cap d’un jeune homme ambitieux
Authors: Cotonnec Annaïg 
Published: September 2022

Après ses études de médecine à Montpellier, le jeune Louis Figuier ambitionne une carrière scientifique à Paris. Mais il se jette à corps perdu dans une controverse avec Claude Bernard, prestigieux académicien des sciences. La communauté prend le parti du savant institutionnel et Louis Figuier renonce alors à son projet initial pour s’investir dans la vulgarisation scientifique dont il deviendra l’un des acteurs phares. Sa revue L’année scientifique et industrielle fidélise un vaste lectorat animé, comme lui, par la foi dans le progrès par la science. Figuier y compose des portraits de savants solitaires, animés par la quête de la vérité, soucieux de la transmission aux disciples. Tout l’opposé du « mandarin » Claude Bernard qu’il poursuit de son ressentiment jusqu’à sa notice nécrologique.
Perspectives écologiques sur les langues minoritaires
Authors: Gadelii Karl Erland 
Published: September 2022

Cet article analyse les langues minoritaires, en particulier le same en Suède, dans l’optique de « l’écologie des langues ». Nous partons de l’hypothèse que la discipline de la linguistique a longtemps été caractérisée par l’eurocentrisme, où les langues non indo-européennes ont été perçues comme « exotiques », provoquant à la fois mépris et fascination. En principe, la même attitude s’est fait sentir parmi les locuteurs des langues majoritaires en Scandinavie vis-à-vis des langues minoritaires « exotiques » comme le same ou le finnois. Heureusement, avec la « virée scientifique » de la linguistique, les langues dites « exotiques » sont devenues des objets d’étude au pair des langues indo-européennes. En politique linguistique de l’Europe, nous observons également une évolution positive, où la reconnaissance officielle des langues minoritaires contribue à revitaliser les petites langues et ainsi instaurer un peu d’équilibre dans l’écologie des langues.
Reshaping how we think about evaluation: A made in Africa evaluation perspective
Authors: Masvaure Steven , Motlanthe Sonny M. 
Published: September 2022

Background: The African development space is dominated by the Western hegemony that shapes the structural funding model, knowledge transfer and aid. Western hegemony defines the Western countries or development funders as superior to the aid receivers, without necessarily acknowledging the role of colonial history and racism that defined and influenced the underdevelopment of African countries. In the African context, the Global North uses liberalism as a tool to maintain hegemony; hence, there is no need to use colonial coercion as liberalism is self-reinforcing, self-legitimising and self-perpetuating. It absorbs counter-hegemony via its international institutions, economic interdependence and democracy.Objectives: This article examines how evaluation as a tool has perpetuated Western hegemony on the epistemological, axiological and ontological understanding of development in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods: The approach adopted in this article involved a traditional review of literature, analysis of tacit knowledge and personal experiences on evaluation practice in Africa.Results: Firstly, the article demonstrates that the theories and practice behind international development are based on colonial thinking and subjugation that permeate themselves throughout the conceptualisation, design and implementation and how results of development interventions are evaluated and viewed. Secondly, the article provides practical steps on how to decolonise international development and evaluations in Africa. The findings also show that evaluations should not be treated separately from the dominant forces that define international development. The evaluation field is a microcosm and an appendage of Western hegemonic influence on international development.Conclusion: The article concludes by advocating for the need to change the approach to international development and evaluation practice and emphasising the centrality of the worldviews and values of targeted populations by development interventions.
Approaches to embedding indigenous knowledge systems in Made in Africa Evaluations
Authors: Pophiwa Nedson , Saidi Umali 
Published: September 2022

Background: In this article, the authors make a case for weaving indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) with monitoring and evaluation of interventions targeted at communities on the African continent. Current efforts do not make explicit reference to indigenous knowledge in Made in Africa Evaluation (MAE). Indigenous knowledge systems are implied as the defining aspect of MAE, being called upon to be fused with existing evaluation systems and practices in order to enhance evaluation in African communities.Objective: To call for enrichment of the MAE in setting the agenda and bring agency to evaluation practices in Africa against centuries of unsustainable developmental practices that continue to underdevelop the continent.Method: This article explores aspects of IKS which challenge Western hegemonic epistemologies in evaluation approaches and practices in Africa.Results: It is argued that associations such as African Evaluation Association (AfrEA) should strive to become knowledge hubs which pursue the mission to re-project and reposition Africa within the existing continuum of global knowledge.Conclusion: The article makes several recommendations for fusing IKS with MAE in a bid to bring the African voice to the fore in evaluations.