bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting vacant parking space availability zone-wisely: a hybrid deep learning approach
Authors: Feng Yajing , Xu Yingying , Hu Qian , Krishnamoorthy Sujatha , Tang Zhenzhou 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrecise prediction on vacant parking space (VPS) information plays a vital role in intelligent transportation systems for it helps drivers to find the parking space quickly to reduce unnecessary waste of time and excessive environmental pollution. By analyzing the historical zone-wise VPS data, we find that for the number of VPSs, there is not only a solid temporal correlation within each parking lot, but also an obvious spatial correlation among different parking lots. Given this, this paper proposes a hybrid deep learning framework, known as the dConvLSTM-DCN (dual Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory with Dense Convolutional Network), to make short-term (within 30 min) and long-term (over 30 min) predictions on the VPS availability zone-wisely. Specifically, the temporal correlations of different time scales, namely the 5-min and daily-wise temporal correlations of each parking lot, and the spatial correlations among different parking lots can be effectively captured by the two parallel ConvLSTM components, and meanwhile, the dense convolutional network is leveraged to further improve the propagation and reuse of features in the prediction process. Besides, a two-layer linear network is used to extract the meta-info features to promote the prediction accuracy. For long-term predictions, two methods, namely the direct and iterative prediction methods, are developed. The performance of the prediction model is extensively evaluated with practical data collected from nine public parking lots in Santa Monica. The results show that the dConvLSTM-DCN framework can achieve considerably high accuracy in both short-term and long-term predictions.
Adaptive sparse ternary gradient compression for distributed DNN training in edge computing
Authors: Mao Yingchi , Wu Jun , Xu Xuesong , Wang Longbao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn edge computing, though distributed training of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is expected to exchange massive gradients between parameter servers and working nodes, the high communication cost constrains the training speed. To break this limitation, gradient compression algorithms expect the ultimate compression ratio at the expense of the accuracy of the trained model. Therefore, new gradient compression techniques are necessary to ensure both communication efficiency and model accuracy. This paper introduces a novel technique—an Adaptive Sparse Ternary Gradient Compression (ASTC) scheme, which relies on the number of gradients in model layers to compress gradients. ASTC establishes the model compression selection criterion by gradients’ amount, compresses the network layer that meets the model’s standard, evaluates the gradients’ importance based on entropy to adaptively perform sparse compression, and finally conducts ternary quantization compression and a lossless code scheme on sparse gradients. Using public datasets (MNIST, CIFAR-10, Tiny ImageNet) and deep learning models (CNN, LeNet5, ResNet18) for experimental evaluation, we exhibit excellent results that the training efficiency of ASTC is about 1.6 times, 1.37 times, and 1.1 times higher than that of Top-1, AdaComp, and SBC, respectively. Furthermore, ASTC can be improved by an average of about$$1.9\%$$1.9%in training accuracy compared with the above approaches.
Patient-specific risk factors contributing to blood culture contamination
Authors: Liaquat Sidra , Baccaglini Lorena , Haynatzki Gleb , Medcalf Sharon J. , Rupp Mark E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objective:
Contaminated blood cultures result in extended hospital stays and unnecessary antibiotic therapy. Patient-specific factors associated with blood culture contamination remain largely unexplored. Identifying patients at higher risk of blood culture contamination could alert healthcare providers to take extra precautionary measures to limit contamination in these patients, and thereby prevent associated adverse outcomes. We sought to identify patient-related factors that contribute to blood culture contamination in hospitalized patients.

Design and setting:
We conducted a secondary data analysis of a retrospective cohort study at an academic medical center.

Patients:
Study participants included 19,255 adult patients who had blood culture(s) performed during a hospital admission between June 2014 and December 2016.

Methods:
Data were analyzed to evaluate risk factors for blood culture contamination using logistic regression.

Results:
Among adult patients, we identified 464 contaminated episodes and 11,010 negative blood-culture episodes. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–2.34) and stay in an intensive care unit (ICU) during an admission (AOR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.14–1.74) were associated with blood culture contamination. Other risk factors included race, body mass index, and admission from the emergency department. Subgroup analyses of patients admitted from the emergency department showed similar results.

Conclusions:
We identified patient-specific factors that increase the odds of false-positive blood cultures. By introducing mitigation strategies to limit contamination in patients with these risk factors, it may be possible to reduce the adverse clinical impact of blood culture contamination.
Sustainability awareness in engineering design through serious gaming
Authors: Scurati Giulia Wally , Nylander Johanna Wallin , Ferrise Francesco , Bertoni Marco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSustainability considerations are traditionally difficult to trade-off with technical and business requirements in an early design phase. Hence, design teams need support to reflect early on in the process, on how sustainability may affect profitability and customer value fulfilment in the long term. The commoditisation of modelling and simulation techniques points to gamification and serious gaming as emerging approaches to raise awareness among the design team – as well as users and stakeholders – of the expected behaviour of a solution along its life cycle. The objective of this paper is to explore how serious games can be used to inform decision-makers about the value versus cost implications of being (or not being) ‘sustainability compliant’ when designing products and systems. The paper initially presents the findings from a descriptive study focused on the definition of ‘design support’ intended to raise sustainability awareness through serious gaming. It further describes the development, application and testing of one of such games for material selection in the aerospace industry.
Assessing fish communities in a multiple-use marine protected area using an underwater drone (Aegean Sea, Greece)
Authors: Nalmpanti Melina , Pardalou Androniki , Tsikliras Athanassios C. , Dimarchopoulou Donna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMarine protected areas (MPAs) have been demonstrated to positively affect various aspects of their ecosystems and communities. In the present study, the effectiveness of varying protection levels on the coastal fish populations within a multiple-use marine park in Greece was assessed through community-level metrics using a non-destructive underwater recording method (underwater drone/mini remotely operated vehicle). Two factors were examined, i.e. protection level (fully, partially and least protected area) and time period (early and late summer: beginning and towards the end of the fishing and touristic season). Our study demonstrated some first results that protection benefited both the commercial species and the entire fish community as a whole, in terms of diversity, abundance and richness, while non-commercial species did not differ among the studied protection levels. This finding, along with the fact that the prevailing conditions (water temperature, depth, habitat type) were similar in all three studied areas, that corresponded to different protection levels, and in both sampling periods, indicated that the observed results may be attributed to the varying protection levels. The studied fish communities did not seem to be affected by the more intense fishing and touristic period over the summer. In conclusion, protection from fishing seems to positively affect the studied coastal fish community as a whole and particularly the commercially important species that find a refuge within core areas of the Alonissos marine park.
Language activists and linguists in pursuit of the siPhuthi cause
Authors: Shah Sheena , Kometsi Letzadzo , Brenzinger Matthias 
Published: March 2022

Sifinyeto [siPhuthi]Ipampiri lhe inyatshella buhlogwa be kuhlaganela musebeti gekuphidza tiyato le tifikelwe yhitikhulumi lhetiyati-mukhulumo emusebetini whekutleketa mukhulumo whesiPhuthi lheku sivusuluta. Ekubeni kusjiyekiye te tikhulumi letitigidi letimbalwa temukhulumo, siPhuthi sikegotini lesabekako yhekucimela; futshi mukhulumo lho lhetikhulumi tawo tiya swayiwa kabhe tiya khetshullwa emayemweni hhemaphasi hhakeLesotho lakeSouth Africa. Titleketi letitshatfhu talhe ipampiri, sikhulumi sesiPhuthi (L1) lhetiyati-mukhulumo letibini takeMusjiya, isali bahlaganele lho musebetii kudlula minyaka lemunyuka ledluliye. Ebayemedi bemukhulumo labachaphatelekako lhetiyati-mukhulumo banka ematiphedvulello laphabhene kusebetana lhetidzaba letigesihlokweni kulho musebeti, kutjho kutshi, kutinswa emadla kwebaPhuthi lhekuvusulutwa kwemukhulumo whesiPhuthi.
Transcatheter resolution of an aneurism of the pulmonary trunk with residual ductus arteriosus after thoracoscopic clipping: a new approach
Authors: Sánchez González Sylvia K. , Colín Ortíz José Luis , Zamudio Meneses Rigoberto , Cabrera González Hugo , Maldonado Alonso Roberto 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPatent ductus arteriosus is the most common cardiac anomaly in our country. In the last few decades, there has been a lot of interest in developing less invasive techniques like video-assisted thoracoscopic clipping; nevertheless, this also has some complications. We present an 8-year-old female, which had been treated with video-assisted thoracoscopic clipping of patent ductus arteriosus. Five years later, she presented with a large aneurysm of the ductus arteriosus extending to the pulmonary trunk and a residual patent ductus arteriosus. A Cardia ASD occluder of 24 mm was placed in the aneurysm, and the residual ductus arteriosus was then closed with an Amplatzer Plug vascular II device of 10 mm, with a good outcome. The development of an aneurysm after video-assisted patent ductus arteriosus closure is apparently a non-reported complication; therefore, there are also no reports for its treatment. That is why we present this case as an option for its resolution.
In-Stent Late Thrombus in a Patient with Aortic Coarctation
Authors: Mendi Mehmet Ali , Duygu Hamza , Cerit Levent 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA 27-year-old man applied for routine control due to aortic coarctation stent. During routine control, a late in-stent thrombus was detected. The patient was asymptomatic. Thrombus resolution was achieved with anticoagulant therapy. Anticoagulant therapy is one of the options in the treatment of aortic stent graft-associated asymptomatic thrombus. Surgical intervention might be required in case of thromboembolism, haemodynamic deterioration, and intra-aortic gradient with high blood pressure in the upper extremity.
Statistical Study of Foreshock Density Holes
Authors: Lu Xi , Zhang Hui , Liu Terry , Vu Andrew , Pollock Craig , Wang Boyi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDensity holes (DHs), characterized by the correlating depletion of plasma density and magnetic field strength, are one of the transient structures frequently observed upstream of Earth's bow shock. The low dynamic pressure of DHs may disturb the bow shock and magnetopause, and have potential geoeffects. In this paper, we perform a statistical study of 411 density hole events, identified by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission. The average occurrence rate of DHs is ∼5.4 events/day. All DHs are associated with foreshock ions. DHs tend to occur on the dawn side than on the dusk side. The occurrence rate is higher for faster solar wind, larger magnetic shear angle across DHs, and lower magnetic field strength. The spatial scale of DHs is several RE. Within DHs, electron heating and density depletion are correlated. Most DHs do not have significant flow deflections. Most DHs with discontinuities have the convection electric field pointing toward the discontinuity on at least one side. About two thirds of the 411 events show different characteristics compared to other types of foreshock transients that also have correlated density and field strength depletion.
Water Enhancement of Si Self‐Diffusion in Wadsleyite
Authors: Druzhbin Dmitry , Fei Hongzhan , Hao Jialong , Zhang Chi , Lin Yangting , Dohmen Ralf , Katsura Tomoo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe investigated the H2O‐content dependence of Si self‐diffusion coefficient in Fe‐free wadsleyite using multi‐anvil experiments at pressures of 19–20 GPa, temperatures of 1573–1873 K, and H2O‐content ranging from ∼10 to 5,300 wt. ppm by the isotopic thin‐film diffusion‐couple method. The 29Si‐doped diffusion profiles were measured by nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry in the depth profiling mode. The H2O contents in the samples were analyzed by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy. The experimental results show a H2O enhancement of Si diffusion coefficient with a H2O content exponent of 0.8 ± 0.1. The activation enthalpy was found to be 270 ± 40 kJ/mol. The diffusion coefficients in the [100], [010], and [001] directions are indistinguishable. The temperature and H2O‐content dependences of Si diffusion indicate that H2O incorporation dramatically reduces the rheological strength of wadsleyite, whereas temperature has a relatively small effect. The viscosity in the mantle transition zone could be significantly reduced by H2O incorporation in wadsleyite. The viscosity contrast between mantle plumes and surroundings may control the evolution of plume shapes at 410–660 km depths.
Improvements in Wintertime Surface Temperature Variability in the Community Earth System Model Version 2 (CESM2) Related to the Representation of Snow Density
Authors: Simpson Isla R. , Lawrence David M. , Swenson Sean C. , Hannay Cecile , McKinnon Karen A. , Truesdale John E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Community Earth System Model (CESM) is widely used for the prediction and understanding of climate variability and change. Accurate simulation of the behavior of near surface air temperature (T2m) is critical in such a model for addressing societally relevant problems. However, previous versions of CESM suffered from an overestimation of wintertime T2m variability in Northern Hemisphere (NH) land regions. Here, it is shown that the latest version of CESM (CESM2) exhibits a much improved representation of wintertime T2m variability compared to its predecessor and it now compares well with observations. A series of targeted experiments reveal that an important contributor to this improvement is the local effects of changes to the representation of snow density within the land surface component. Increased snow densities in CESM2 lead to enhanced conductance of the snow layer. As a result, larger heat fluxes across the snow layer are induced in the presence of T2m anomalies, leading to a greater dampening of surface and near surface atmospheric temperature anomalies. The implications for future projections with CESM2 are also considered through comparison of the CESM1 and CESM2 large ensembles. Aligned with the reduction in surface temperature variability, compared to CESM1, CESM2 exhibits reduced ensemble spread in future projections of NH winter mean temperature and a smaller decline in daily wintertime T2m variability under climate change. Overall, this improvement has increased the accuracy of CESM2 as a tool for the study of wintertime T2m variability and change.
The Polar Cap (PC) Index: PCS Version Based on Dome‐C Data
Authors: Stauning Peter 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe standard polar cap (PC) indices, PCN (North) based on magnetic data from Qaanaaq in Greenland and PCS (South) based on data from Vostok in Antarctica, have been submitted from the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute in St. Petersburg, Russia, the Danish Meteorological Institute, and the Danish Space Research Institute in different versions. In order to consolidate PCS indices based on Vostok data or replace poor or missing index data, derivation procedures have been developed to generate alternative PCS index values based on data from Dome Concordia (Dome‐C) magnetic observations from epoch 2009–2020 of solar cycle 24. The reference levels and calibration parameters needed for calculations of Dome‐C‐based PCS values in post‐event and real‐time versions are defined and explained in the present work. Assessments of the new PCS index have shown its unprecedented high relevance. Part of the methods used here, such as the quiet reference level construction and the correlation and regression procedures used for calculations of scaling parameters, deviate from corresponding features considered inadequate of the International Association for Geomagnetism and Aeronomy‐endorsed PC index derivation methods.
Parental autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders as multiple risk factors for common neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ellul Pierre , Acquaviva Eric , Peyre Hugo , Rosenzwajg Michelle , Gressens Pierre , Klatzmann David , Delorme Richard 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEpidemiological studies have raised concerns about the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in children of patients with autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (AID). The pathophysiological pathways underlying this association are still unknown and little is known about the specific and distinct risk of each AID. To explore these questions, we investigated the association between the occurrences of several NDD in the offspring of mothers or fathers with different IDA. We conducted a meta-analysis—PROSPERO (CRD42020159250)—examining the risk of NDD in the offspring of mothers or fathers with AID. We performed specific analyses separately in fathers or mothers of NDD patients as well as subgroup analyses for each NDD and AID. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science Core Collection published until December 2021. From an initial pool of 2074 potentially relevant references, 14 studies were included, involving more than 1,400,000 AID and 10,000,000 control parents, 180,000 children with NDD and more than 14,000,000 control children. We found AID in mothers (Adjusted OR 1.27 [95% CI 1.03; 1.57] p = 0.02, [I2 = 65%, Tau2 = 0.03 p = 0.01] and adjusted OR 1.31 [95% CI 1.11; 1.55] p = 0.001, [I2 = 93%, Tau2 = 0.13 p = 0.001] and, although in a lesser extent, in fathers (adjusted OR 1.18 [95% CI 1.07; 1.30] p = 0.01, [I2 = 15.5%, Tau2 = 0.002 p = 0.47]) and adjusted OR 1.14 [95% CI 1.10; 1.17] p < 0.0001, [I2 = 0%, Tau2 = 0 p = 0.29]) to be associated with ASD and ADHD in the offspring. This difference in the strength of the association was found in the AID-specific analyses, suggesting that AID increase the risk of NDD by a shared mechanism but that a specific maternal route appears to represent an additional excess risk. Inflammatory bowel disease were not associated with an additional risk (neither in fathers nor in mothers) of NDD in offspring. Our results suggest that complex and multiple AID-specific pathophysiological mechanisms may underlie the association of AID and NDD in offspring. Further, comprehensive studies of the different AID and NDD are needed to draw definitive conclusions about the pathophysiological links between parental AID and NDD in children.
Skp2 stabilizes Mcl-1 and confers radioresistance in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yu Xinfang , Zhou Li , Liu Wenbin , Liu Lijun , Gao Feng , Li Wei , Liu Haidan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOverexpression of Skp2 plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and correlates with poor prognosis in human malignancies. Thus, Skp2 has been proposed as an attractive target for anti-tumor interventions. The expression of Skp2 in human colorectal cancer (CRC) and the role of Skp2 in tumorigenic properties and irradiation sensitivities of CRC cells were examined by anchorage-dependent and -independent growth assays, immunoblot, flow cytometry, immunohistochemical staining, ubiquitination analysis, co-immunoprecipitation assay, CRISPR-Cas9-based gene knockout, and xenograft experiments. Skp2 is highly expressed in CRC patient tissues. Blocking Skp2 expression reduces the tumorigenic properties of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Depletion of Skp2 confers sensitivity to irradiation of CRC cells. Skp2 deficiency enhances irradiation-induced intrinsic apoptosis by facilitating E3 ligase FBW7-mediated Mcl-1 ubiquitination and degradation. Knockout of Skp2 sensitizes CRC cells to irradiation treatments in vivo. Our findings indicate that Skp2 stabilizes Mcl-1, and targeting Skp2 in combination with traditional radiotherapy might be efficacious in treating CRC.
Claudin1 decrease induced by 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 potentiates gefitinib resistance therapy through inhibiting AKT activation-mediated cancer stem-like properties in NSCLC cells
Authors: Jia Zhirong , Wang Kaiwei , Duan Yalei , Hu Kaiyong , Zhang Yameng , Wang Meisa , Xiao Kang , Liu Shuo , Pan Zhenzhen , Ding Xuansheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractClaudins, the integral tight junction proteins that regulate paracellular permeability and cell polarity, are frequently dysregulated in cancer; however, their roles in regulating EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are unknown. To this end, we performed GEO dataset analysis and identified that claudin1 was a critical regulator of EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC cells. We also found that claudin1, which was highly induced by continuous gefitinib treatment, was significantly upregulated in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cells. By knocking down claudin1 in cell lines and xenograft models, we established that gefitinib resistance was decreased. Moreover, claudin1 knockdown suppressed the expression levels of pluripotency markers (Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, CD133, and ALDH1A1). Claudin1 loss inhibited phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) expression and reduced cancer cell stemness by suppressing AKT activation. Furthermore, SKL2001, a β-catenin agonist, upregulated the expression levels of claudin1, p-AKT, and pluripotency markers, and 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) reduced claudin1 expression, AKT activation, and cancer cell stemness by inhibiting β-catenin, and suppressed claudin1/AKT pathway mediated cancer stem-like properties and gefitinib resistance. Collectively, inhibition of claudin1-mediated cancer stem-like properties by 1,25(OH)2D3 may decrease gefitinib resistance through the AKT pathway, which may be a promising therapeutic strategy for inhibiting gefitinib resistance in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma.