bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodos de confinamiento y factores personales que condicionan la transferencia de la formación del profesorado.
Authors: Pamies Berenguer Marcial , Cascales-Martínez Antonia , Gomariz Vicente Mª Ángeles 
Published: October 2022

La crisis provocada por el COVID-19 ha supuesto un gran reto para la formación del profesorado, siendo las tecnologías el motor de transformación del sistema educativo. Si bien el uso de este tipo de recursos esta mediatizado por diferentes factores, entre ellos los personales. La presente investigación analiza la influencia de los periodos de confinamiento sobre los factores personales que condicionan el proceso de transferencia de la formación continua del profesorado no universitario en el ámbito de aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. La muestra estuvo formada por 1826 docentes no universitarios de la Región de Murcia, cuyo muestreo ha sido no probabilístico por conveniencia. El tratamiento de datos siguió un enfoque cuantitativo-correlacional. Los resultados evidencian que los factores internos que influyen en el proceso de transferencia de la formación permanente en el uso de las TIC del profesorado de niveles no universitarios se han visto reforzados tras el periodo de confinamiento. Por tanto, el confinamiento provocado por la pandemia de la COVID-19 ha permitido a los docentes desarrollar competencias tras la formación que les han permitido adaptarse a la complejidad del contexto.
The notable global heterogeneity in the distribution of COVID-19 cases and the association with pre-existing parasitic diseases
Authors: Chang Taehee , Jung Bong-Kwang , Chai Jong-Yil , Cho Sung-il 
Published: October 2022

Background
The coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease that has caused extensive ravages worldwide since being declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Unlike initially predicted by WHO, the incidence and severity of COVID-19 appeared milder in many Low-to-Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). To explain this noticeable disparity between countries, many hypotheses, including socio-demographic and geographic factors, have been put forward. This study aimed to estimate the possible association of parasitic diseases with COVID-19 as either protective agents or potential risk factors.

Methods/Principal findings
A country-level ecological study using publicly available data of countries was conducted. We conceptualized the true number of COVID-19 infections based on a function of test positivity rate (TPR) and employed linear regression analysis to assess the association between the outcome and parasitic diseases. We considered demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic confounders previously suggested. A notable heterogeneity was observed across WHO regions. The countries in Africa (AFRO) showed the lowest rates of COVID-19 incidence, and the countries in the Americas (AMRO) presented the highest. The multivariable model results were computed using 165 countries, excluding missing values. In the models analyzed, lower COVID-19 incidence rates were consistently observed in malaria-endemic countries, even accounting for potential confounding variables, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, the population aged 65 and above, and differences in the duration of COVID-19. However, the other parasitic diseases were not significantly associated with the spread of the pandemic.

Conclusions/Significance
This study suggests that malaria prevalence is an essential factor that explains variability in the observed incidence of COVID-19 cases at the national level. Potential associations of COVID-19 with schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiases (STHs) are worthy of further investigation but appeared unlikely, based on this analysis, to be critical factors of the variability in COVID-19 epidemic trends. The quality of publicly accessible data and its ecological design constrained our research, with fundamental disparities in monitoring and testing capabilities between countries. Research at the subnational or individual level should be conducted to explore hypotheses further.
The role of internet use in the relationship between occupational status and depression
Authors: Zhang Yujie 
Published: October 2022

Background
The emerging information and communications technology (ICT) and society 5.0 have integrated digital innovation and imaginative creativity to solve social problems and create social value in an aging society. Especially in China, the penetration rate of internet use has become more prominent. Nevertheless, the role of internet use in the relationship between occupational status and depression remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to estimate how internet use moderates the relationship between occupational status and depression in a sample of older adults in China.

Methods
A cross-sectional design was used to assess the relationship between occupational status, internet use and depression. This study employed data from the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) conducted in 2017. The full sample size of this study is 2,403. OLS regression was adopted to explore the correlation between occupational status and depression and the moderating role of internet use. Meanwhile, a heterogeneity analysis based on residence registration was implemented to explore the difference between rural and urban sample groups.

Results
The findings suggested that higher occupational status was related to lower depression level. By playing an inhibitory moderating role between the association of occupational status and depression, internet use and occupational status formed a substituting effect. Meanwhile, the above moderating effect was only significant in urban group and insignificant in rural group. Besides, being male and having higher social class were significantly and negatively correlated with depression.

Conclusion
This study began with the theory of social stratification and social mobility, added the theory of social capital, constructed an analytical framework of regulatory effect, put forward two basic assumptions, selected measurement indicators taking into account Chinese cultural factors, and conducted empirical tests using authoritative statistical software and national representative data, providing a new theoretical contribution to our understanding of the impact of occupational status and depression in developing countries.
Acupuncture for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Jung Tae , Kim Kibong , Ang Lin , Lee Hye Won , Choi Jun-Yong , Lee Myeong Soo 
Published: October 2022

Background
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients often use complementary and alternative medicine to treat symptoms, and acupuncture is one option. This systematic review aims to assess whether acupuncture is an effective treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods
We will search nine databases from their inception: PubMed, AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, RISS, KoreaMed, KISS, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database. Two investigators will independently review the selected studies, extract the data, and analyze them. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool will be used to assess the risk of bias.

Discussion
Because this is a systematic review, no ethical approval is needed. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated both electronically and in print. The review will be updated to support health policy and practice.

Trial registration number
Reviewregistry1345.
Cocaine use associated gut permeability and microbial translocation in people living with HIV in the Miami Adult Study on HIV (MASH) cohort
Authors: Hernandez Jacqueline , Tamargo Javier A. , Sales Martinez Sabrina , Martin Haley R. , Campa Adriana , Sékaly Rafick-Pierre , Bordi Rebeka , Sherman Kenneth E. , Rouster Susan D. , Meeds Heidi L. , Khalsa Jag H. , Mandler Raul N. , Lai Shenghan , Baum Marianna K. 
Published: October 2022

Objective
Determine if cocaine use impacts gut permeability, promotes microbial translocation and immune activation in people living with HIV (PLWH) using effective antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods
Cross-sectional analysis of 100 PLWH (ART ≥6 months, HIV-RNA <200 copies/mL) from the Miami Adult Studies on HIV (MASH) cohort. Cocaine use was assessed by self-report, urine screen, and blood benzoylecgonine (BE). Blood samples were collected to assess gut permeability (intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, I-FABP), microbial translocation (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), immune activation (sCD14, sCD27, and sCD163) and markers of inflammation (hs-CRP, TNF-α and IL-6). Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the relationships of cocaine use.

Results
A total of 37 cocaine users and 63 cocaine non-users were evaluated. Cocaine users had higher levels of I-FABP (7.92±0.35 vs. 7.69±0.56 pg/mL, P = 0.029) and LPS (0.76±0.24 vs. 0.54±0.27 EU/mL, P<0.001) than cocaine non-users. Cocaine use was also associated with the levels of LPS (P<0.001), I-FABP (P = 0.033), and sCD163 (P = 0.010) after adjusting for covariates. Cocaine users had 5.15 times higher odds to exhibit higher LPS levels than non-users (OR: 5.15 95% CI: 1.89–13.9; P<0.001). Blood levels of BE were directly correlated with LPS (rho = 0.276, P = 0.028), sCD14 (rho = 0.274, P = 0.031), and sCD163 (rho = 0.250, P = 0.049).

Conclusions
Cocaine use was associated with markers of gut permeability, microbial translocation, and immune activation in virally suppressed PLWH. Mitigation of cocaine use may prevent further gastrointestinal damage and immune activation in PLWH.
Type specimens of Potentilla (Rosaceae) stored in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE). Part 2. Taxa described from Kazakhstan and Middle Asia
Authors: Kechaykin Aleksey A. , Sheludyakova Maria B. , Müller Franck , Wagner Sara , Raenko Larisa M. , Dorofeyev Vladimir I. , Shmakov Alexandr 
Published: October 2022

An information about 410 type and original specimens of taxa (65 published names) described as part of the genus Potentilla L. based on collections from Central Asia and Kazakhstan and stored in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE) is provided. Considering data from other collections (DR, PR, MW, TK, JE, KFTA, KW, L, M, MO and P), the total amount of type material presented in the article is 509 samples. They include 33 lectotypes (27 in LE), 19 isolectotypes (8 in LE), 24 holotypes (23 in LE), 23 isotypes (20 in LE), 76 paratypes (75 in LE), 133 syntypes (91 in LE), and 203 specimens (168 in LE) which belong to original material (“original specimens”). The lectotypes of the names of 25 taxa (P. algida, P. approximata, P. biflora var. stenopetala, P. bifurca var. canescens, P. desertorum, P. desertorum var. arnavatensis, P. fedtschenkoana, P. fedtschenkoana var. digitata, P. flabellata, P. fruticosa var. angustifolia, P. hololeuca var. calvescens and var. subtrijuga, P. komaroviana, P. lipskyana, P. malacotricha, P. multifida var. nubigena, P. nivea var. cano-tomentosa, P. schrenkiana, P. sibirica, P. soongorica, P. soongorica var. viridescens, P. tephroleuca, P. transcaspia, P. turczaninowiana, P. turgaica) are designated in this work. The images of type specimens of P. ferganensis and P. × jakovlevii, local endemics of Asia, known only from locus classicus, which were not collected after the original description, are presented.
MicroRNA-6838-5p suppresses the self-renewal and metastasis of human liver cancer stem cells through downregulating CBX4 expression and inactivating ERK signaling
Authors: Dou Zhimin , Lu Fei , Hu Jinjing , Wang Haiping , Li Bin , Li Xun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary human liver malignancy with high mortality. Liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been demonstrated to contribute to the recurrence, metastasis and drug resistance of liver cancer. Human HCC cohort analysis indicated that the epigenetic regulator polycomb chromobox homologue 4 (CBX4) was overexpressed in human HCC. Moreover, we found that CBX4 expression was significantly higher in CD44+ CD133+ Hep3B CSCs. Functionally, we demonstrated that CBX4 regulated cell proliferation, self-renewal, and metastasis ability of Hep3B CSCs. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that CBX4 was a direct target of microRNA-6838-5p (miR-6838-5p), which was further confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. MiR-6838-6p was down-regulated in HCC tumors and overexpression of miR-6838-5p attenuated the malignant traits of human liver CSCs in vitro. In addition, we found that miR-6838-5p/CBX4 axis modulates the biological properties of human liver CSCs via regulating ERK signaling. Overexpression of miR-6838-5p suppressed Hep3B xenograft tumor growth in vivo, while CBX4 overexpression abrogated the suppression effect, restored the angiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and ERK signaling in Hep3B tumor. In summary, our findings suggest that miR-6838-5p/CBX4 axis regulates liver tumor development and metastasis, which could be utilized as potential therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
Influence of Plasma Power and Oxygen-Containing Process Gases in Active Screen Plasma Nitrocarburizing with Carbon Solid Source*
Authors: Böcker J. , Puth A. , Pipa A. V. , Helden J.-P. H. van , Röpcke J. , Biermann H. , Dalke A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Plasma nitrocarburizing by means of active screen technology using an active screen made of carbon fiber-reinforced carbon was carried out by varying the power at the active screen and using oxygen-containing fresh gas components (O2, CO2) in the N2:H2 plasma using the example of the quenched and tempered steel AISI 4140 (42CrMo4). The investigations focused on the analysis of the process gas by means of laser absorption spectroscopy, the evaluation of the produced compound layers with regard to structure and phase composition, as well as the resulting properties. It was shown that by varying the process gas atmosphere, the structural composition of the compound layer and the concentration profiles of nitrogen and carbon can be specifically influenced. The high concentrations of carbon-containing compounds in the process gas resulted in complete suppression of γ’-Fe4N formation, but cementite was detected in the lower part of the compound layer. The addition of oxygen-containing fresh gases and the resulting change in process gas composition suppressed cementite formation. The results suggest that, in particular, high powers at the carbon active screen and the simultaneous addition of oxygen-containing gases results in the generation of nitrogen-rich, single-phase ε-compound layers.
On the penetration efficiency of ceramic fragments through steel targets
Authors: Wang Weizhan , Tian Peng , Lu Wenjie , Meng Fangao , Chen Zhigang , Zhao Taiyong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The penetration efficiency of novel ceramic fragments should be investigated, and their weapon damage effectiveness must be evaluated. In this study, the efficiency of ceramic fragments in penetrating steel targets were analyzed through ballistic impact tests and numerical simulations. The penetration patterns of these ceramic fragments through steel targets indicate significant perforation. It was deduced that the thicker the steel target, the greater the ability of ZrO2 ceramic fragments to penetrate. Results indicate that the thicker the steel target, the greater the ability of ZrO2 ceramic fragments to expand their perforation, while that of Al2O3 ceramic fragments is reduced as the thickness of the steel target is increased. In addition, the number of projectiles triggered by the perforation of the two ceramic fragments behind the targets decreases as the thickness of the steel target increases. Thus, the higher the impact velocity, the larger the perforation diameter of the ceramic fragments, and the larger the number of projectiles behind the target. Under the same impact velocity, the penetration ability of a ZrO2 ceramic fragment on steel targets was better than that of an Al2O3 ceramic fragment, and the number of projectiles behind the target was greater.
The Conquests of Adrianople by the Turks: Reflections on the Ottoman Expansion in Thrace
Authors: Budak Samet 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article is an attempt to construct a new approach to and narrative of early Ottoman conquests in Thrace in the 1360s and 1370s. It argues that the so-called second capital of the Ottomans, Adrianople (Edirne), was conquered three times through a detailed evaluation of known, neglected, or unknow sources. The second conquest was almost certainly by frontier lords who conquered the city for their own interests. At the same time, the article challenges the unilinear rise paradigm within the Ottoman studies. It showcases that, in the given period, the political arena between Ottomans, Byzantines, and other Turkish lords was open to various contingencies and dominated through constant negotiations among various parties. The practices of conquest, loss, and reconquest by those various parties determined the color of struggles not only in the case of Adrianople but also various other Thracian towns. The article finally sheds light on the role of a suppressed group of frontier lords who had their own political claims and agenda, betimes contrary to the Ottoman center. In the final analysis, this is an attempt to understand how new historical reconstructions may open up ways to conceptualize the political and social nature of the region in this period.
Zinā and Gender (In)Equality in Ismāʿīlī Druze Law
Authors: Halawi Wissam H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the 5th/11th century in Cairo, Imam Ḥamza, the founder of the Druze faith, abrogated the entire substantive laws, including the Islamic one. And yet, four centuries later, Druze jurists in the mountainous regions of Syria developed their own legal doctrine. This essay explores the evolution of Druzism from an esoteric doctrine according to the Ismāʿīlī vision to a madhhab (doctrinal school of law) using the prism of gender (in)equality. Through a close reading of the Imam’s epistles in the Ḥikma (i.e., the Druze canon of scripture) and Druze law treatises from the 9th/15th century, I show how premodern Druze jurists were influenced particularly by Shāfiʿī and Mālikī law. Although they remained faithful to the strict gender equality articulated in their sacred book, Druze jurists established a gender hierarchy in marriage and permitted wife beating based on Q 4:34. They however expounded an original doctrine of zinā (adultery): despite their construction of femininity as inferior and irrational, and their assumption of women’s intellectual deficiency, Druze jurists considered nonconsensual marriage as well as nonconsensual sex in marriage to be crimes of zinā. I argue that Druze jurists developed rules that enforced sexual equality but simultaneously conformed to their patriarchal vision of society to maintain the social cohesion of their religious community, clans, and extended families, all of which provided local networks for informal conflict resolution.
“Personal Opinion” in Qurʾānic Exegesis: Medieval Debates and Interpretations of

al-Tafsīr bi-l-Raʾy
Authors: Kulinich Alena 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article explores the long-contested question about the role of individual judgement vis-à-vis the authority of tradition in the interpretation of the Qurʾān. It focuses on the notion of al-tafsīr bi-l-raʾy – interpretation of the Qurʾān by “personal opinion” – and offers an insight into medieval Muslim debates over the legitimacy of this type of exegesis, its alleged prophetic disapproval, and the scope and conditions of its use. Based on the Sunnī tafsīr works from the 3rd/9th to the 6th/12th centuries, the article examines how in the course of these debates Muslim authors negotiated the meaning of al-tafsīr bi-l-raʾy. Against the view that it encompassed any interpretation beyond tradition-based tafsīr, their reinterpretations of the term implied that philological, juridical, and Ṣūfī tafsīr could not be categorized as al-tafsīr bi-l-raʾy, thereby narrowing the meaning of this concept and broadening the scope of legitimate exegesis and interpretative authorities in Sunnī tafsīr tradition.
Surgical tips and techniques to avoid complications of thyroid surgery
Authors: Stefanou Christos K , Papathanakos Georgios , Stefanou Stefanos K , Tepelenis Kostas , Kitsouli Aikaterini , Barbouti Alexandra , Tsoumanis Periklis , Kanavaros Panagiotis , Kitsoulis Panagiotis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Surgery of the thyroid takes place in a body part with complicated anatomy and several vital physiologic functions. Thyroidectomy is rarely associated with mortality but can be followed by significant complications, (i.e. hypoparathyroidism, hemorrhage, upper airway obstruction, laryngeal nerve injuries and thyrotoxic storm). This review aims to indicate surgical tips and techniques to sustain a low level of complications.

Content
MEDLINE database (PubMed) platform was used as a search engine and the articles related to the topic were selected using the keywords combination “thyroid surgery and complications”.

Summary and Outlook
The most common complication of total thyroidectomy with an occurrence ranging between 0.5 and 65% is hypoparathyroidism. Damage to recurrent laryngeal nerves can be temporary or permanent, unilateral or bilateral; bilateral lesion is associated with severe episodes of breathlessness. Thus, intraoperative monitoring of nerve function is essential to prevent damage. Ιn addition, hematoma formation can lead to breathing difficulties due to airway obstruction; preventive hemostasis during surgery is essential. The surgeon must have a complete anatomical understanding of not only the normal anatomy of the central visceral compartment of the neck, but also the common variations of the laryngeal nerves and parathyroid glands in order to keep the complication rate at a very low level.
Towards a hybrid user interface for the visual exploration of large biomolecular networks using virtual reality
Authors: Aichem Michael , Klein Karsten , Czauderna Tobias , Garkov Dimitar , Zhao Jinxin , Li Jian , Schreiber Falk 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBiomolecular networks, including genome-scale metabolic models (GSMMs), assemble the knowledge regarding the biological processes that happen inside specific organisms in a way that allows for analysis, simulation, and exploration. With the increasing availability of genome annotations and the development of powerful reconstruction tools, biomolecular networks continue to grow ever larger. While visual exploration can facilitate the understanding of such networks, the network sizes represent a major challenge for current visualisation systems. Building on promising results from the area of immersive analytics, which among others deals with the potential of immersive visualisation for data analysis, we present a concept for a hybrid user interface that combines a classical desktop environment with a virtual reality environment for the visual exploration of large biomolecular networks and corresponding data. We present system requirements and design considerations, describe a resulting concept, an envisioned technical realisation, and a systems biology usage scenario. Finally, we discuss remaining challenges.