bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in underserved urban areas of Islamabad and Rawalpindi: results from a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kazmi Twangar , Abdullah Mujahid , Khan Adnan Ahmad , Safdar Rana Muhammad , Afzal Sabeen , Khan Ayesha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Urban slums are home to a significant number of marginalized individuals and are often excluded from public services. This study explores the determinants of willingness and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines in urban slums in Pakistan.

Methods
The study uses a cross-sectional survey of 1760 respondents from five urban slums in twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad carried out between June 16 and 26, 2021. Pairwise means comparison tests and multivariate logistic regressions were applied to check the associations of socio-demographic factors and COVID-19 related factors with willingness to get vaccinated and vaccination uptake.

Results
Only 6% of the sample was fully vaccinated while 16% were partially vaccinated at the time of survey. Willingness to receive vaccination was associated with higher education (aOR: 1.583, CI: 1.031, 2.431), being employed (aOR: 1.916, CI: 1.423, 2.580), prior infection in the family (but not self) (aOR: 1.646, CI: 1.032, 2.625), family vaccination (aOR: 3.065, CI: 2.326, 4.038), knowing of and living close to a vaccination center (aOR: 2.851, CI: 1.646, 4.939), and being worried about COVID-19 (aOR: 2.117, CI: 1.662, 2.695). Vaccine uptake was influenced by the same factors as willingness, except worriedness about COVID-19. Both willingness and vaccination were the lowest in the two informal settlements that are the furthest from public facilities.

Conclusions
We found low lived experience with COVID-19 infection in urban slums, with moderate willingness to vaccinate and low vaccination uptake. Interventions that seek to vaccinate individuals against COVID-19 must account for urban poor settlement populations and overcome structural barriers such as distance from vaccination services, perhaps by bringing such services to these communities.
It’s all not negative: a cross-section study on the impacts of Covid-19 pandemic on Iranian population
Authors: Namdar Areshtanab Hossein , Hosseinzadeh Mina , Vahidi Maryam , Hurst Sheila K. , Soheili Soraya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background

Covid-19 has had significant effects on the quality of life of individuals around the world. Research highlights many negative impacts related to Covid-19; however, there are also potential positive impacts. The current study aimed to identify both the perceived negative and positive effects of Covid-19 among the residents of Tabriz, Iran.

Materials & methods
The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 health centers in Tabriz city in 2021. Cluster random sampling was used to select the 861 study participants. A questionnaire was developed to collect demographic and Covid-19 impacts. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS 16 software.

Results
The mean (SD) of negative and positive impacts of Covid-19 was 37.7 (5.10) and 36.35 (5.31), respectively. Significant negative impacts included restriction in participation in cultural (90.4%) and religious (88.9%) activities. Positive impacts were increased attention to personal hygiene (88.7%) and attention to elders (87.6%). Gender (p = 0.006), work status (p = 0.004) and age (p = 0. 01) had significant association with the mean of negative impacts and work status (p = 0.01), age (p < 0.001), history of Covid-19 (p = 0.01) and family history of Covid-19 (p < 0.001) had the significant association with the mean of positive impacts of Covid-19.

Conclusion
The findings revealed that the general population experienced many negative impacts of Covid-19. This may be related to the priority of religious gatherings in Iranian culture. Despite the unfavorable effects of Covid-19, its positive effects and post-traumatic growth should not be ignored. Covid-19 may be used as an opportunity to develop personal growth and a positive outlook on life. Healthcare workers should reinforce the positive impacts of Covid-19 while taking into consideration the importance of spirituality among Iranian individuals during times of community lockdowns.
Comparison of the clinical outcomes after esophagectomy between intrathoracic anastomosis and cervical anastomosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ge Qi-Yue , Wu Yu-Heng , Cong Zhuang-Zhuang , Qiang Yong , Wang Yan-Qing , Zheng Chao , Shen Yi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Esophageal cancer is a high-mortality disease. Esophagectomy is the most effective method to treat esophageal cancer, accompanied with a high incidence of post-operation complications. The anastomosis has a close connection to many severe post-operation complications. However, it remains controversial about the choice of intrathoracic anastomosis (IA) or cervical anastomosis (CA). The study was conducted to compare the clinical outcomes between the two approaches.

Methods
We searched databases for both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies comparing post-operation outcomes between IA and CA. Primary outcomes were the incidences of anastomotic leakage and mortality. Secondary outcomes were the incidences of anastomotic stenosis, pneumonia and re-operation.

Results
Twenty studies with a total of 7,479 patients (CA group: n = 3,183; IA group: n = 4296) were included. The results indicated that CA group had a higher incidence of anastomotic leakage than IA group (odds ratio [OR] = 2.05, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.61–2.60, I2 = 53.31%, P < 0.01). Subgroup analyses showed that CA group had higher incidences of type I (OR = 2.19, 95%CI = 1.05–4.57, I2 = 0.00%, P = 0.04) and type II (OR = 2.75, 95%CI = 1.95–3.88, I2 = 1.80%, P < 0.01) anastomotic leakage than IA group. No difference was found in type III anastomotic leakage (OR = 1.23, 95%CI = 0.82–1.86, I2 = 20.92%, P = 0.31). The 90-day mortality (OR = 1.66, 95%CI = 1.11–2.47, I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.01) in IA group were lower than that in CA group. No difference was found in in-hospital mortality (OR = 1.31, 95%CI = 0.91–1.88, I2 = 0.00%, P = 0.15) and 30-day mortality (OR = 1.08, 95%CI = 0.69–1.70, I2 = 0.00%, P = 0.74).

Conclusions
IA might be a better anastomotic approach than CA, with a lower incidence of anastomosis leakage and no increase in short-term mortality. Significant heterogeneity and publication bias might limit the reliability of the results. More high-quality studies are needed to verify and update our findings.
Reconstruction of nasal airway in patients of class IIId maxillary defect with vastus lateralis muscle-chimeric double skin paddle ALT flap
Authors: Hsu Shao-Yun , Morrison Shane D. , Yildirim Mehmet Emin Cem , Shih Pin-Keng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundA reconstructive challenge in patients with class IIId maxillary defect is how to obliterate the defect and restore a patent nasal airway. The current strategy using the single anterolateral thigh (ALT) fasciocutaneous flap for reconstruction may result in permanent mouth breathing. As the ALT flap was a common option in reconstruction processes, this study aimed to evaluate the benefits of vastus lateralis (VL) muscle-chimeric double skin paddle ALT flap in simultaneous defect and nasal airway reconstruction.MethodsThis study included 21 patients with class IIId maxillary defect who underwent free ALT flap reconstruction (n = 11, single ALT flap group; n = 10, VL muscle-chimeric double skin paddle ALT flap (chimeric ALT flap) group) at the China Medical University Hospital from August 2015 to September 2019. Associated parameters collected for analysis included gender, age, body mass index (BMI), operative time, hospitalization, clinical stage, preoperative treatment, flap/defect size, comorbidities, postoperative RT, mouth breathing and short/long term complications.ResultsNo significant differences were observed in age, BMI, hospitalization, clinical stage, preoperative treatment, defect size, comorbidities, and postoperative RT between the two groups; however, the chimeric ALT flap group as dominated by male patients (p = 0.009), and had longer operative times (12.1 h vs. 10.1 h, p = 0.002) and larger flap sizes (180 cm2vs. 96.7 cm2, p = 0.013). Compared with the chimeric ALT flap group, the single ALT flap group suffered from permanent mouth breathing.ConclusionNasal airway reconstruction should be considered in patients with class IIId maxillary defect. Compared to the single ALT flap, the chimeric ALT flap is a superior reconstructive option for patients with class IIId maxillary defect, although a longer surgical duration and larger flap size are required.
Investigation of factors related to the behavior of reporting clinical errors in nurses working in educational and medical centers in Rasht city, Iran
Authors: Abry Somayeh , Mehrabian Fardin , Omidi Saeed , Karimy Mahmood , Kasmaei Parisa , Haryalchi Katayoun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundReport of medical error is one of the effective components in the quality of healthcare services. A significant part of medical errors can be prevented by acting appropriately. The theory of planned behavior offers a framework in which the nurse intention to perform the behavior of error reporting is investigated. This study was conducted to determine the factors related to the behavior of reporting clinical errors in nurses working in educational and medical centers in Rasht based on the theory of planned behavior in 2020.MethodsIn this descriptive-analytical study, 326 nurses in all medical centers in Rasht were selected by the multi-stage random sampling method. Data collection tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior. Data analysis was conducted using the SPSS software, analysis of variance, correlation, and linear regression.Results39% of nurses reported that they had reported a medical error, and the average number of error reports per nurse during the last 3 months was 1.42 errors. The predictive power of the theory of behavioral intention was 47%, and predictive constructs were attitude (B = .43), perceived behavioral control (B = .33), and subjective norm (B = .04) using linear regression. The predictive power of the theory for nurses' behavior was 3.1%. None of the demographic variables played a role in predicting the behavior of nurses' reporting clinical error, and no behavioral intention predicted the behavior of nurses' reporting clinical errors.ConclusionThe theory of planned behavior expresses the factors affecting the behavior intention of nurses' reporting clinical errors satisfactorily. However, it was an inappropriate theory in behavior prediction. It appears that factors, such as fear of consequences of error reporting, social pressures by colleagues and officials, and lack of knowledge and skills required to identify medical errors, are the barriers to conversion of intention to the behavior of reporting clinical errors. It is necessary to provide the ground to increase nurses' report of clinical errors by acting appropriately.
An IGF1-expressing endometrial stromal cell population is associated with human decidualization
Authors: Shi Jia-Wei , Lai Zhen-Zhen , Yang Hui-Li , Zhou Wen-Jie , Zhao Xiao-Ya , Xie Feng , Liu Song-Ping , Chen Wei-Dong , Zhang Tao , Ye Jiang-Feng , Zhou Xiang-Yu , Li Ming-Qing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Decidualization refers to the process of transformation of endometrial stromal fibroblast cells into specialized decidual stromal cells that provide a nutritive and immunoprivileged matrix essential for blastocyst implantation and placental development. Deficiencies in decidualization are associated with a variety of pregnancy disorders, including female infertility, recurrent implantation failure (RIF), and miscarriages. Despite the increasing number of genes reportedly associated with endometrial receptivity and decidualization, the cellular and molecular mechanisms triggering and underlying decidualization remain largely unknown. Here, we analyze single-cell transcriptional profiles of endometrial cells during the window of implantation and decidual cells of early pregnancy, to gains insights on the process of decidualization.

Results
We observed a unique IGF1+ stromal cell that may initiate decidualization by single-cell RNA sequencing. We found the IL1B+ stromal cells promote gland degeneration and decidua hemostasis. We defined a subset of NK cells for accelerating decidualization and extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion by AREG-IGF1 and AREG-CSF1 regulatory axe. Further analysis indicates that EVT promote decidualization possibly by multiply pathways. Additionally, a systematic repository of cell–cell communication for decidualization was developed. An aberrant ratio conversion of IGF1+ stromal cells to IGF1R+ stromal cells is observed in unexplained RIF patients.

Conclusions
Overall, a unique subpopulation of IGF1+ stromal cell is involved in initiating decidualization. Our observations provide deeper insights into the molecular and cellular characterizations of decidualization, and a platform for further development of evaluation of decidualization degree and treatment for decidualization disorder-related diseases.
A novel 450-nm laser-mediated sinoporphyrin sodium-based photodynamic therapy induces autophagic cell death in gastric cancer through regulation of the ROS/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Li Xing , Gu Lijiang , Chen Yuhang , Wang Xiaobing , Mei Yibo , Zhou Jinlai , Ma Minghai , Ma Jianbin , Chong Yue , Wang Xinyang , Guo Peng , He Dalin , Zeng Jin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become an ideal and promising therapeutic method for fighting cancer, but its common application in clinical practice is prevented by the limitations of expensive devices in light sources and phototoxicity in photosensitizers. The aim of this study was to explore the antitumor efficiency of the novel 450-nm blue laser (BL) combined with sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS)-mediated PDT against human gastric cancer (GC) in vitro and in vivo, focusing on autophagy pathway.

Methods
Cell viability was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays in HGC27, MGC803, AGS, and GES-1 cells. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry and western blotting. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Autophagy was determined by transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. The antitumor effect of BL-PDT in vivo was detected by a subcutaneous tumor model in nude mice.

Results
The novel 450-nm laser-mediated DVDMS-based PDT caused remarkable growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in GC cells in vitro by the production of excessive ROS. Autophagy flux was induced by BL-PDT in GC cells, as determined by LC3 conversion assay, LC3 turnover assay, and mRFP-GFP-LC3 puncta assay. Furthermore, autophagy induction was demonstrated to positively contribute to BL-PDT-induced apoptotic effects on GC cells. Mechanically, ROS/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was identified to involve in the regulation of BL-PDT-induced autophagy as determined by transcriptomic analysis and functional studies. Consistently, xenograft studies confirmed the significant antitumor effect of BL-PDT and its favorable safety in vivo.

Conclusions
The novel 450-nm laser-mediated DVDMS-based PDT may be a safe and effective approach against GC. Our results thus provide compelling evidence for the therapeutic application of BL-PDT in human GC.
Identifying novel proteins underlying schizophrenia via integrating pQTLs of the plasma, CSF, and brain with GWAS summary data
Authors: Gu Xiaojing , Dou Meng , Su Weiming , Jiang Zheng , Duan Qingqing , Cao Bei , Chen Yongping 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic and severe mental illness with no cure so far. Mendelian randomization (MR) is a genetic method widely used to explore etiologies of complex traits. In the current study, we aimed to identify novel proteins underlying SCZ with a systematic analytical approach.

Methods
We integrated protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) of the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and plasma with the latest and largest SCZ genome-wide association study (GWAS) via a systematic analytical framework, including two-sample MR analysis, Steiger filtering analysis, and Bayesian colocalization analysis.

Results
The genetically determined protein level of C4A/C4B (OR = 0.70, p = 1.66E−07) in the brain and ACP5 (OR = 0.42, p = 3.73E−05), CNTN2 (OR = 0.62, p = 2.57E−04), and PLA2G7 (OR = 0.71, p = 1.48E−04) in the CSF was associated with a lower risk of SCZ, while the genetically determined protein level of TIE1 (OR = 3.46, p = 4.76E−05), BCL6 (OR = 3.63, p = 1.59E−07), and MICB (OR = 4.49, p = 2.31E−11) in the CSF were associated with an increased risk for SCZ. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that genetically determined proteins suggestively associated with SCZ were enriched in the biological process of the immune response.

Conclusion
In conclusion, we identified one protein in the brain and six proteins in the CSF that showed supporting evidence of being potentially associated with SCZ, which could provide insights into future mechanistic studies to find new treatments for the disease. Our results also supported the important role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of SCZ.
Role of the occupational disease consultant in the multidisciplinary discussion of interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Carlier Ségolene , Nasser Mouhamad , Fort Emmanuel , Lamouroux Céline , Si-Mohamed Salim , Chalabreysse Lara , Maury Jean-Michel , Diesler Rémi , Cottin Vincent , Charbotel Barbara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Diffuse interstitial lung diseases (ILD) constitute a heterogeneous group of conditions with complex etiological diagnoses requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Much is still unknown about them, particularly their relationship with occupational exposures. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of occupational exposures according to type of ILD. The secondary objectives were to estimate the proportion of ILDs possibly related to occupational exposure and to evaluate the added value of the participation of an occupational disease consultant in ILD multidisciplinary discussions (MDD).

Methods
From May to December 2020, all consecutive patients with ILD whose cases were reviewed during a MDD in a referral centre for ILD were prospectively offered a consultation with an occupational disease consultant.

Results
Of the 156 patients with ILD whose cases were reviewed in MDD during the study period, 141 patients attended an occupational exposure consultation. Occupational exposure was identified in 97 patients. Occupational exposure to asbestos was found in 12/31 (38.7%) patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and in 9/18 (50.0%) patients with unclassifiable fibrosis. Occupational exposure to metal dust was found in 13/31 (41.9%) patients with IPFs and 10/18 (55.6%) patients with unclassifiable fibrosis. Silica exposure was found in 12/50 (24.0%) patients with autoimmune ILD. The link between occupational exposure and ILD was confirmed for 41 patients after the specialist occupational consultation. The occupational origin had not been considered (n = 9) or had been excluded or neglected (n = 4) by the MDD before the specialised consultation. A total of 24 (17%) patients were advised to apply for occupational disease compensation, including 22 (15.6%) following the consultation. In addition, a diagnosis different from the one proposed by the MDD was proposed for 18/141 (12.8%) patients.

Conclusions
In our study, we found a high prevalence of occupational respiratory exposure with a potential causal link in patients with ILD. We suggest that a systematic specialised consultation in occupational medicine could be beneficial in the ILD diagnostic approach.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of fractional flow reserve versus angiography among patients with coronary artery disease undergoing borderline coronary lesions treatment in Iran
Authors: Keshavarz Khosro , Rezaee Rita , Esmaili Elahe , Mansouri Roohollah , Jafari Abdosaleh , Erami Azadeh , Talebianpour Hamid , Fonseca Ricardo , Fardid Mozhgan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The present study aimed to examine the cost-effectiveness of fractional flow reserve (FFR) versus angiography in treating borderline coronary lesions in patients with coronary artery stenosis in Iran. Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, readmission and the most important cause of disability in many countries, including Iran.

Methods
This was a cost-effectiveness study conducted from the perspective of the Ministry of Health in 2019. The effectiveness was determined using four indicators: Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs), major adverse cardiac events (MACE), angina, and number of used stents (mean). Only direct medical costs (DMC) were estimated. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of FFR versus angiography, A decision tree model was built by patient’s level data.To coping with uncertainty Probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) was performed.

Results
Totally, 98 cases of FFR and 238 cases of angiography were included in the analysis. The average of QALY in FFR and angiography were 0.853 and 0.787, respectively. The cost of these methods were $6128 and $8388, correspondingly. Therefore, FFR was dominant compared to angiography. Results of the scatter plots and acceptability curve showed that FFR was more cost-effective than angiography in 94% and 96% of simulations for a threshold lower than $11,000 PPP. The PSA analysis confirmed the robustness of the study results.

Conclusion
The results indicated that FFR was more cost-effective than angiography in the cases studied in Iran. Consequently, FFR can be used as a high-priority diagnostic method and it is recommendable to be included in insurance coverage.
Temporal proteomics of human cerebrospinal fluid after severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Shultz Sandy R. , Shah Anup D. , Huang Cheng , Dill Larissa K. , Schittenhelm Ralf B. , Morganti-Kossmann M. Cristina , Semple Bridgette D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) requires further characterization to fully elucidate changes in molecular pathways. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) provides a rich repository of brain-associated proteins. In this retrospective observational study, we implemented high-resolution mass spectrometry to evaluate changes to the CSF proteome after severe TBI. 91 CSF samples were analyzed with mass spectrometry, collected from 16 patients with severe TBI (mean 32 yrs; 81% male) on day 0, 1, 2, 4, 7 and/or 10 post-injury (8–16 samples/timepoint) and compared to CSF obtained from 11 non-injured controls. We quantified 1152 proteins with mass spectrometry, of which approximately 80% were associated with CSF. 1083 proteins were differentially regulated after TBI compared to control samples. The most highly-upregulated proteins at each timepoint included neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, cathepsin G, matrix metalloproteinase-8, and S100 calcium-binding proteins A8, A9 and A12—all proteins involved in neutrophil activation, recruitment, and degranulation. Pathway enrichment analysis confirmed the robust upregulation of proteins associated with innate immune responses. Conversely, downregulated pathways included those involved in nervous system development, and several proteins not previously identified after TBI such as testican-1 and latrophilin-1. We also identified 7 proteins (GM2A, Calsyntenin 1, FAT2, GANAB, Lumican, NPTX1, SFRP2) positively associated with an unfavorable outcome at 6 months post-injury. Together, these findings highlight the robust innate immune response that occurs after severe TBI, supporting future studies to target neutrophil-related processes. In addition, the novel proteins we identified to be differentially regulated by severe TBI warrant further investigation as potential biomarkers of brain damage or therapeutic targets.