bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect on the thermal conductivity inhomogeneity of clay-bearing sandstone subjected to drying-wetting process
Authors: Bu Mohua , Guo Pingye , Wang Meng , He Manchao , Wang Yanwei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Thermal conductivity of rock is one of the important parameters to understand the heat conduction process in interior of the earth. The study of the effect on the thermal conductivity of clay-bearing sandstone subjected to drying-wetting process is of great significance to many geological and underground engineering issues. In this study, the transient hot wire method is used to measure the thermal conductivity of clay-bearing sandstone after drying-wetting treatment, and the thermal inhomogeneity is analyzed. The results indicate that the drying-wetting process leads to the decrease of the average thermal conductivity of clay-bearing sandstone, while the increase of thermal heterogeneity factor. Base on the results of 3D scanning and SEM, it is found that the development of pores and microcracks during the drying-wetting process is the main reason for the average thermal conductivity decreased and the thermal inhomogeneity increased. Further analysis shows that the interaction between clay minerals and water leads to the destruction of rock matrix structure, resulting in the increase of primary pores, the formation of new pores and secondary microcracks in clay-bearing sandstone. In addition, the numerical results show that the pore leads to the significant weakening of rock heat transfer effect, and the temperature field tends to be heterogeneous distribution. The research results can provide reference for the evaluation of thermal conductivity of rock mass in deep engineering.
Evaluation of Mathoulin Surgical Approach in the Treatment of Scaphoid Waist Nonunion with Definite Proximal Avascular Necrosis
Authors: Aghili Alireza , Moharrami Mohammad Reza 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction
: Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a rather common complication of scaphoid fractures, particularly scaphoid waist nonunion, which may occur even after surgical fixation. In the present investigation we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Mathoulin technique in the surgical fixation of scaphoid waist nonunion with definite proximal AVN.
Methods
A total of 35 cases of scaphoid waist non-union with definite proximal AVN undergoing surgical fixation in a major tertiary referral orthopaedic hospital in northwestern Iran in 2021 were enrolled. Postoperative pain intensity, grip strength (based on modified mayo wrist score) and carpal range of motion (angles of movements) were evaluated at four time intervals, 1, 4.5, 6 and 9 months following Mathoulin surgical fixation.
Results
A total of 35 patients, 28 (80%) male and 7 (20%) female, with a mean age of 28.96 ± 1.89 were investigated. By the end of the 9th month, no patients complained of severe pain, and 33 (94.28%) participants only reported mild pain. Carpal flexion, extension, supination and pronation angles significantly improved following surgery. Grip strength in 29 patients improved significantly. Wrist function Union as achieved in 33 (97.29%) patients.
Conclusion
Mathoulin method in patients with proximal definite AVN with Scafoid Waist fusion leads to a reduction in pain intensity, improvement of motor angles, grip strength and satisfaction with surgery to a desirable extent.
Evaluation of physicochemical properties in agricultural soils from Valle del Cauca-Colombia with an emphasis on degradation
Authors: Marín-Pimentel Gilberto-Eduardo , Saa Germán Rueda , Flores Juan Carlos Menjivar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This research created a baseline for physicochemical properties in agricultural soils from the plains and piedmont of Valle del Cauca. The degradation level of different soils (n = 489) was studied by determining and analyzing their properties. Variability and distribution analysis, central tendency, dispersion and multivariate analysis were included. The results showed that the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and electrical conductivity (EC) were highly variable. The other properties were moderately variable, depending on the coefficient of variation (10%<CV < 100%). The principal component analysis indicated that the first component was related to compaction processes in the soil (34%), the second included nutrients available to plants (24%), and the third (13%) was the movement of cations. The more susceptible to degradation properties included apparent density (Da) and porosity (η), which had normal distribution (P > 0.150). 19% of the evaluated sites had possible soil compaction, with high Da values (> 1.6 g.cm− 3) and low η (< 40%). The degradation from salinity was minimal, and only 2.2% of the samples had EC values greater than 2 dS.m− 1. 50% of the soils had organic matter levels (MO) greater than 2%. 85.5% had cation exchange capacity values (CEC) that exceeded 15 cmol (+). Kg− 1, and 42.12% were in the pH range from 5.5 to 7.0, optimal conditions for crops.
A study of lead service lines in California
Authors: Kimbrough David Eugene 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Under new regulations In the USA, all Community Water Systems (CWS) need to develop an inventory of their lead service lines (LSL) and determine those owned by their customers. This study will present an approach to address this issue that meets both the letter and the spirit of the law but is also practical and affordable. The first part examines the results of a survey of service lines conducted in California. Eleven million CWS-owned service lines were inventoried, but only four were LSL. The second part of the study was to examine the how California effectively outlawed LSL through the use of plumbing codes. The third part of the study was to determine if these codes had been as effectively implemented on the customer's service lines by examining the customer's service lines in Pasadena. No LSL were found.
Self-Assembled KLD-12/SDF-1 Polypeptide Promotes Differentiation and
Migration of BMSCs via the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathways
Authors: Cao Mingyu , Hu Yabin , Zhang Yukun , Xie Jiang , Xie Zengru 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the combination of SDF-1 and KLD-12 to form
self-assembling polypeptide and its effect on osteogenic differentiation.

Methods:
ELISA assay was performed to detect whether KLD-12 composite SDF-1 self-assembled
polypeptide was successfully prepared. BMSCs were isolated and characterized by Flow cytometry.
MTT assays, Calcein-AM/PI fluorescence staining, and Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) measurement
were carried out to detect cell viability after cells exposed to KLD-12 composite SDF-1 selfassembled
polypeptide. The migration of cells induced by KLD-12 composite SDF-1 selfassembled
polypeptide was also examined by transwell assay and Immunoblot. Osteogenic
differentiation of cells stimulated with KLD-12 composite SDF-1 self-assembled polypeptide was
analyzed by Immunoblot, Alizarin Red Staining, and Alkaline Phosphatase activity. Additionally,
immunoblot and immunofluorescence assays were performed to investigate the effects of the
polypeptide on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Results:
KLD-12 composite SDF-1 self-assembled polypeptide was successfully prepared and
identified. In addition, we isolated and characterized mouse mesenchymal stem BMSCs. Our data
further revealed that KLD-12 combined with SDF-1 self-assembled polypeptide improved the survival
of BMSCs and promoted cell migration. Moreover, the self-assembled polypeptide induced osteogenic
differentiation of BMSCs. Mechanically, we found that the self-assembled polypeptide activated the
Wnt/β-catenin pathway, therefore promoting the differentiation and migration of BMSCs.

Conclusion:
Our proposed treatment can potentially be effective for bone defects.
Vitamin D: Production, Metabolism, and Impact on Human Health
Authors: Joshi Anushka , Mishra Sudhanshu , Rajagopalan Ramanathan , Jain Deepti 
Published: August 2022

Background and Objective:
Vitamins play an important role in maintaining proper
health and wellness of the body. The deficiency of any of them may lead to serious health consequences.
In the current scenario, deficiency of vitamin D has become a very prevalent and underdiagnosed
health issue throughout the world. The purpose of this review is to briefly describe
the importance, present market condition, and role of vitamin D supplements in COVID-19 in
India, as well as how this has influenced the current situation.

Methods:
Literature survey was carried out using various online search engines like Google
Scholar, Science Direct, Springer, PubMed, etc. offline libraries were also used for the compilation
of the data.

Results:
It is evident from the study that the deficiency of vitamin D is associated with a lot of
health problems, including cancer, diabetes, bone health deterioration, cardiovascular disorders,
etc. This deficiency may occur due to an unhealthy lifestyle, mal-absorption, or decreased synthesis
in the body. Vitamin D levels in the body can also be correlated with COVID-19 and the
immunity of an individual.

Conclusion:
From this study, the importance of vitamin D levels in the human body can easily
be understood. Various evidence of its connection with the COVID-19 pandemic is also available,
though many studies in the area are still required. Altogether, increasing instances of vitamin
D deficiency is a matter of great concern.
BMMSC-derived Exosomes Attenuate Cardiopulmonary Bypass-related
Acute Lung Injury by Reducing Inflammatory Response and Oxidative
Stress
Authors: Zhang Tao-Yuan , Zhang Hui , Deng Jing-Yu , Gong Hai-Rong , Yan Yun , Zhang Zheng , Lei Chong 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Acute lung injury (ALI), which is characterized by inflammation and oxidative
stress, is a common complication after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Exosomes from bone marrow
mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC-Exo) have recently been identified as promising treatments for ALI.
However, the effects of BMMSC-Exo on inflammation and oxidative stress in CPB-related ALI remain
unclear.

Objective:
We aim to evaluate the effects of BMMSC-Exo on post-CPB ALI and explore their potential
mechanisms.

Methods:
We randomly divided rats into three groups: sham, ALI, and ALI+BMMSC-Exo groups. Histological
changes were evaluated by lung histo-pathology and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). ELISA
assay was used to determine inflammatory cytokine levels and oxidative stress.

Results and Discussion:
BMMSC-Exo attenuated histological changes (including the invasion of inflammatory
cells), reduced the wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio, and downregulated inflammatory cytokine
levels, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β. BMMSC-Exo also
alleviated oxidative stress. In vitro, we further administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to alveolar macrophages
(AMs) to mimic the pathological changes of ALI and found that BMMSC-Exo suppressed reactive
oxygen species (ROS) production and downregulated the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically,
BMMSC-Exo inhibited the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), the nuclear translocation
of p65, also facilitated the phosphorylation of Akt and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, while
upregulating the expression of HO-1.

Conclusion:
In summary, we indicate that BMMSC-Exo reduces CPB-related ALI by alleviating inflammation
and oxidative stress. The underlying mechanism may involve the NF-κB p65 and
Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.
Report of Aortic Dissection without Risk Factor And Typical Symptoms in a 25-Year Old Man
Authors: Bozorgi Ali , Khoshnevis Maryam , Nasab Entezar Mehrabi , Athari Seyyed Shamsadin 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Acute aortic dissection is a rare but serious and life-threatening disease. The main symptom is chest pain, but in some patients, atypical symptoms are also observed.

Case presentation:
In this report, we reported a patient diagnosed with aortic dissection with atypical symptoms. The patient has been referred with nausea and vomiting. After a thorough examination, the diagnosis of acute aortic dissection was established.

Conclusion:
Aortic dissection may have no typical symptoms and deep examination in all suspected patients, is necessary.
Future Patient: Telerehabilitation of Patients With Heart Failure Empower Patients
Authors: Dinesen Birthe , Spindler Helle , Refsgaard Jens , Hollingdal Malene 
Published: August 2022

Background
Heart failure is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases that causes mortality, and patients’ participation in rehabilitation programs is often low. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Future Patient Telerehabilitation Program developed for patients with heart failure offered a new approach. The aim of the Future Patient program has been to increase the quality of life and educate patients to monitor any worsening of their symptoms. Patients used self-tracking devices for monitoring their physical activity, blood pressure, sleep, respiration, and pulse, with their data transmitted to a shared web platform (called the Heart Portal), which could be accessed by patients, their relatives, and health care professionals across sectors.

Objective
The aim of this paper is to determine whether the Future Patient Telerehabilitation Program has increased the quality of life of patients with heart failure and to empower them to manage their own disease.

Methods
A randomized controlled trial (n=140) was conducted. Data from the intervention group (n=70, 50%) on patient-reported outcomes were collected and analyzed using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire and Spiegel Sleep Questionnaire. Semistructured interviews with 12 patients (n=6, 50% men and n=6, 50% women) were conducted and analyzed.

Results
The patients participating in the Future Patient program experienced a significant increase in clinical and social well-being as well as in quality of life. The patients participating in the program articulated their experiences in terms of the following themes: a sense of security and an increased sense of empowerment in managing their disease using the Heart Portal. The Heart Portal proved to be a valuable tool for remote monitoring and better communication with health care professionals across sectors.

Conclusions
Telerehabilitation of patients with heart failure can improve their quality of life and empower them to manage their own disease remotely.
Impact of Digital Literacy Levels of Health Care Professionals on Perceived Quality of Care
Authors: Khare Amitesh , Jain Kanika , Laxmi Vijay , Khanna Puneet 
Published: August 2022

Background
Multiple digital technologies were used during and after the COVID-19 pandemic with an intent to improve quality of patient care. It has been seen that the perception of patients toward the use of digital solutions in clinical care varies significantly. This has also been attributed to varying levels of digital literacy among the health care professionals (HCP) involved in patient care.

Objective
Our paper aims to study the impact of digital literacy levels of HCPs, including hospital attendants and support staff who were involved in a clinical care team of COVID-19 patients, so that barriers toward the implementation of digital health solutions could be identified.

Methods
A standardized survey using responses based on Likert scale was developed, which measured the confidence levels of HCPs and their attitudes toward digital technologies. The survey consisted of questions from the Technology Acceptance Model as well as the unified theory of acceptancy and use of technology to assess the attitude of HCPs. A total of 100 Hospital attendants directly employed in patient care were enrolled in the study. They were also asked to respond to feedback received from patients on the perceived quality of care.

Results
Around 60% of the HCPs showed high digital literacy levels. Most respondents showed confidence in the use of technology. Moreover, around 20% of HCPs showed apprehension toward using digital solutions for direct patient care. A significant difference was found between study population with high digital literacy and perceived quality of care.

Conclusions
Our study found that poor digital literacy in HCPs adversely affects the safety and quality of patient care. It is important that institutions provide targeted education and training to not only doctors and nursing staff but also other support staff with low digital literacy levels and to boost their confidence in providing clinical care.
Mezclas microbianas en el tratamiento de los residuos líquidos de una sala de ordeño
Authors: Matute-Almeida Lenis , Maldonado-Gómez Ronald , Román-Rojas Hazel , Vargas-Guzmán Daniel 
Published: August 2022

Las aguas servidas de una sala de ordeño están constituidas por desechos sólidos y líquidos. Para el tratamiento de estos residuos, se utilizaron microorganismos, como Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), bacterias ácido-lácticas (BAL) y las especies del género Bacillus. Por ello, en este trabajo se trataron con mezclas microbianas (MM) los residuos líquidos de una sala de ordeño. El ensayo se efectuó bajo un diseño aleatorio, con tres réplicas por análisis y las mezclas [MM1 (SC-BAL) y MM2 (especies de Bacillus)], dividido en dos partes en las que se midieron: pH, sólidos solubles, conductividad eléctrica (CE), Sólidos Totales Disueltos (STD) y la cuenta de las mezclas de los microorganismos en estudio y la de coliformes totales (CT). La primera parte se realizó en matraces, inoculando las MM a 100 mL de residuos líquidos en diferentes matraces, en la segunda la mezcla que resultó más eficiente se aplicó in situ colectando las muestras semanalmente. A los datos obtenidos se les realizó un análisis de la varianza (ANDEVA, α = 0,05) y la prueba de mínimas diferencias significativas (MDS). En esta investigación, MM2 mostró mayor eficiencia en la primera etapa y en la segunda (aplicada in situ) logró reducir la CE (de 1,800 a 1,100 μs/cm) y los STD (de 812 a 687 ppm), así como inhibir el crecimiento de CT.
First STEPS: Primary Outcomes of a Randomized, Stepped-Care Behavioral Clinical Trial for Parents of Young Children With New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Hilliard Marisa E. , Tully Carrie , Monaghan Maureen , Hildebrandt Tom , Wang Christine H. , Barber John R. , Clary Lauren , Gallagher Katherine , Levy Wendy , Cogen Fran , Henderson Celia , Karaviti Lefkothea , Streisand Randi 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE
Despite the emotional challenges of parental adjustment to a child’s type 1 diabetes diagnosis and the unique complexities of early childhood, there are few programs designed to meet the needs of parents of young children at new onset. This study evaluated First STEPS (Study of Type 1 in Early childhood and Parenting Support), a stepped-care behavioral intervention designed to support parents’ psychosocial functioning and promote children’s glycemic outcomes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Using a two-site randomized clinical trial design, parents (n = 157) of children aged 1–6 years completed baseline data within 2 months of diabetes diagnosis and were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 115) or usual care (n = 42) for 9 months. Intervention steps included: 1) peer parent coaching, with step-ups to 2) structured behavioral counseling and 3) professional consultations with a diabetes educator and psychologist, based on parent mood and child HbA1c. Participants completed follow-ups at 9 and 15 months postrandomization. Primary outcomes were parent depressive symptoms and child HbA1c.

RESULTS
Depressive symptoms improved in both groups, and intervention parents had significantly lower depressive symptoms at the 9- and 15-month follow-ups compared with usual care. HbA1c decreased in both groups, but there were no between-group differences at 9 or 15 months.

CONCLUSIONS
First STEPS improved parents’ mood following young children’s type 1 diabetes diagnosis. Results indicate likely benefits of parent coach support, supplemented by intervention intensifications, including behavioral intervention and diabetes education. This model has high potential for patient engagement. The absence of a medical intervention component may explain null findings for HbA1c; incorporating targeted behavioral support for intensive diabetes treatment may maximize intervention impact.
Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Kidney Disease Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Post Hoc Analyses From the DECLARE-TIMI 58 Trial
Authors: Mosenzon Ofri , Raz Itamar , Wiviott Stephen D. , Schechter Meir , Goodrich Erica L. , Yanuv Ilan , Rozenberg Aliza , Murphy Sabina A. , Zelniker Thomas A. , Langkilde Anna Maria , Gause-Nilsson Ingrid A.M. , Fredriksson Martin , Johansson Peter A. , Wilding John P.H. , McGuire Darren K. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Leiter Lawrence A. , Cahn Avivit , Dwyer Jamie P. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Sabatine Marc S. 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE
In patients with moderate to severe albuminuric kidney disease, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors reduce the risk of kidney disease progression. These post hoc analyses assess the effects of dapagliflozin on kidney function decline in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), focusing on populations with low kidney risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In the Dapagliflozin Effect on Cardiovascular Events–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 58 (DECLARE-TIMI 58) trial, patients with T2D at high cardiovascular risk were randomly assigned to dapagliflozin versus placebo. Outcomes were analyzed by treatment arms, overall, and by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) risk categories. The prespecified kidney-specific composite outcome was a sustained decline ≥40% in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2, end-stage kidney disease, and kidney-related death. Other outcomes included incidence of categorical eGFR decline of different thresholds and chronic (6 month to 4 year) or total (baseline to 4 year) eGFR slopes.

RESULTS
Most participants were in the low-moderate KDIGO risk categories (n = 15,201 [90.3%]). The hazard for the kidney-specific composite outcome was lower with dapagliflozin across all KDIGO risk categories (P-interaction = 0.97), including those at low risk (hazard ratio [HR] 0.54, 95% CI 0.38–0.77). Risks for categorical eGFR reductions (≥57% [in those with baseline eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2], ≥50%, ≥40%, and ≥30%) were lower with dapagliflozin (HRs 0.52, 0.57, 0.55, and 0.70, respectively; P &lt; 0.05). Slopes of eGFR decline favored dapagliflozin across KDIGO risk categories, including the low KDIGO risk (between-arm differences of 0.87 [chronic] and 0.55 [total] mL/min/1.73 m2/year; P &lt; 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
Dapagliflozin mitigated kidney function decline in patients with T2D at high cardiovascular risk, including those with low KDIGO risk, suggesting a role of dapagliflozin in the early prevention of diabetic kidney disease.