bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mix-and-extrude: high-viscosity sample injection towards time-resolved protein crystallography
Authors: Vakili Mohammad , Han Huijong , Schmidt Christina , Wrona Agnieszka , Kloos Marco , de Diego Iñaki , Dörner Katerina , Geng Tian , Kim Chan , Koua Faisal , Melo Diogo , Rappas Mathieu , Round Adam , Round Ekaterina , Sikorski Marcin , Valerio Joana , Zhou Tiankun , Lorenzen Kristina , Schulz Joachim 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTime-resolved crystallography enabled the visualization of protein molecular motion during reaction. While light is commonly used to initiate reactions in time-resolved crystallography, only a small number of proteins can in fact be activated by light. However, many biological reactions can be triggered by the interaction of proteins with ligands. The sample delivery method presented here uses a mix-and-extrude approach based on 3D printed microchannels in conjunction with a micronozzle to study the dynamics of samples in viscous media that can be triggered by diffusive mixing. The device design allows for mixing of ligands and protein crystals in a time window of 2 to 20 seconds. The device characterization using a model system (fluorescence quenching of iq-mEmerald proteins by copper ions) demonstrated that ligand and protein crystals, each within the lipidic cubic phase, can be mixed efficiently. The potential use of this approach for time-resolved membrane protein crystallography to support in the development of new drugs is also discussed.Synopsis3D printed mixing-HVE devices address time-resolved membrane protein crystallography challenges via compact dual-flow LCP injection.Abstract Figure
Crk proteins activate the Rap1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor C3G by segregated adaptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms
Authors: Rodríguez-Blázquez Antonio , Carabias Arturo , Morán-Vaquero Alba , de Cima Sergio , Luque-Ortega Juan R. , Alfonso Carlos , Schuck Peter , Manso José Antonio , Macedo-Ribeiro Sandra , Guerrero Carmen , de Pereda José M 
Published: November 2022

AbstractC3G is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that activates Rap1 to promote cell adhesion. Resting C3G is autoinhibited and the GEF activity is released by stimuli that signal through tyrosine kinases. Tyrosine phosphorylation of C3G and interaction with Crk adaptor proteins, whose expression is increased in multiple human cancers, participate in C3G activation. However, the molecular details of C3G activation and the interplay between C3G phosphorylation and Crk interaction are poorly understood. Here, we combine biochemical, biophysical, and cell biology approaches to elucidate the mechanisms of C3G activation. CrkL interacts through its SH3N domain with the proline-rich motifs P1 and P2 of inactive C3G in vitro and in Jurkat and HEK293T cells, and these sites are necessary to recruit C3G to the plasma membrane. However, direct stimulation of the GEF activity requires binding of Crk proteins to the P3 and P4 sites. P3 is occluded in resting C3G and is essential for activation, while P4 contributes secondarily towards complete stimulation. Tyrosine phosphorylation of C3G alone causes marginal activation. Instead, phosphorylation primes C3G lowering the concentration of Crk proteins required for activation and increasing the maximum activity. Unexpectedly, optimal activation also requires the interaction of CrkL-SH2 domain with phosphorylated C3G. Phosphorylation and Crk-binding form a two-factor mechanism that ensures tight control of C3G activation. The simultaneous SH2 and SH3N interaction of CrkL with C3G, required for the activation, reveals a novel adaptor-independent function of Crk proteins relevant to understanding their role in physiological signaling and their deregulation in diseases.
Prostaglandin E2 prevents radiotherapy-induced alopecia by attenuating transit amplifying cell apoptosis through promoting G1 arrest
Authors: Lai Shih-Fan , Huang Wen-Yen , Wang Wei-Hung , Hong Jin-Bon , Kuo Sung-Hsin , Lin Sung-Jan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGrowing hair follicles (HFs) harbor actively dividing transit amplifying cells (TACs), rendering them highly sensitive to radiotherapy (RT). Clinically, there is still a lack of effective treatment for radiotherapy-induced alopecia (RIA). We aimed to dissect the effect and mechanism of local prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pretreatment in RIA prevention. We found that PGE2 pretreatment reduced RIA by preventing premature termination of anagen through enhancing HF self-repair.Mechanistically, PGE2 did not activate HF stem cells, but preserved more TACs for regenerative attempts. Pretreatment of PGE2 lessened radiosensitivity of TACs by transiently arresting them in the G1 phase, thereby reducing TAC apoptosis and mitigating HF dystrophy. The preservation of more TACs accelerated HF self-repair and bypassed RT-induced premature catagen entry. Promoting G1 arrest by systemic administration of palbociclib isethionate (PD0332991), a CDK4/6 inhibitor, offered a similar protective effect against RT. Therefore, PGE2 protects HF TACs from RT by transiently inducing G1 arrest, and the regeneration of HF structures lost from RT is accelerated to resume anagen growth, thus bypassing the long downtime of hair loss. PGE2 has the potential to be repurposed as a preventive treatment for RIA.
JUNupregulation drives aberrant transposable element mobilization, associated innate immune response, and impaired neurogenesis in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Scopa Chiara , Barnada Samantha M. , Cicardi Maria E. , Singer Mo , Trotti Davide , Trizzino Marco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAdult neurogenic decline, inflammation, and neurodegeneration are phenotypic hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Mobilization of transposable elements (TEs) in heterochromatic regions was recently reported in AD, but the underlying mechanisms are still underappreciated. Combining functional genomics with differentiation of familial and sporadic AD patient derived-iPSCs into hippocampal progenitors, CA3 neurons, and cerebral organoids, we found that upregulation of the AP-1 subunit c-JUN triggers decondensation of genomic regions containing TEs. This leads to cytoplasmic accumulation of TE-derived RNA-DNA hybrids, activation of the cGAS-STING cascade, and increased cleaved caspase-3 levels, suggesting initiation of programmed cell death in progenitor cells and neurons. Notably, inhibiting c-JUN effectively blocks all the downstream molecular processes and rescues neuronal death and impaired neurogenesis in the AD progenitors. Our findings open new avenues for identifying therapeutic strategies and biomarkers to counteract disease progression and diagnose AD in the early, pre-symptomatic stages.
Crystal structure of potassium chloride monohydrate: water intercalation into the B1 structure of KCl under high pressure
Authors: Yamashita Keishiro , Komatsu Kazuki , Kagi Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2022

A new hydrate form of potassium chloride, KCl·H2O, is identified for the first time by in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction under high pressure. It has a monoclinic structure with lattice parameters of a = 5.687 (7), b = 6.3969 (3), c = 8.447 (3) Å and β = 107.08 (8)° at 2.23 (4) GPa and 295 K. The structure of this hydrate has K—Cl alignments similar to the B1 phase of anhydrous KCl, while water molecules intercalate among the ionic species. The coordination structures of the K and Cl atoms can be regarded as the intermediate states between the B1 and B2 phases of KCl. This finding provides a perspective on the structural interpretation of multicomponent materials and an additional candidate for bound water in salt–water systems under high pressure, such as inside of icy bodies.
Performance shortfalls and financialization of non-financial enterprises in China
Authors: Wang Shanshan 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Based on the theory of performance feedback, this study aims to explore the theoretical relationship between performance shortfalls and the financialization of non-financial enterprises. It further analyzes the moderating effect of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and organizational redundant resources.

Design/methodology/approach
Multiple regression analysis is used on 16,555 initial samples of 2,658 Chinese A-share issuing enterprises from 2007 to 2019 to empirically test the relationship between performance shortfalls and the financialization of non-financial enterprises, and an instrumental variables-generalized moments estimation model is also used to verify the robustness of the results.

Findings
The results reveal that the greater the performance gap below the aspiration level, the higher the degree of enterprise financialization. Moreover, EPU strengthens the relationship between performance shortfalls and financialization, whereas organizational redundant resources weaken the relationship between performance shortfalls and financialization.

Practical implications
Decision-makers should determine the aspirated performance level of enterprises to make investment decisions that are most conducive to the long-term development of enterprises. Each enterprise should establish scientific management evaluation and supervision systems to avoid financial investment behaviors that place too much emphasis on short-term performance.

Originality/value
This study finds that financialization is one of the reactions when performance of enterprises is lower than the aspiration level, thus expanding the functional dimensions of performance feedback and supplementing the research on the influencing factors of enterprise financialization. The results also reveal information about situational factors, helping identify the boundary conditions through which performance below aspirations affects enterprise financialization.
30 years of artificial intelligence (AI) research relating to the hospitality and tourism industry
Authors: Kong Haiyan , Wang Kangping , Qiu Xuejie , Cheung Catherine , Bu Naipeng 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
This study aims to review the progress of research on artificial intelligence (AI) relating to the hospitality and tourism industry, focusing on the content, focal points, key terms and trends of AI research.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 491 referred papers are selected from the Web of Science core collection database. These papers, published in the past 30 years (1991–2021), are analyzed by using Gephi and VOSviewer software.

Findings
AI research shows a growing trend since 1991, and the number of publications and citations increased significantly since 2018, indicating that AI became a focus for researchers. AI studies are grouped into four clusters, namely, AI technology, technology acceptance, customers’ perception and future trends. The research focus changed from AI technology in the early stage to customers’ attitudes toward and willingness to accept AI.

Research limitations/implications
The findings contribute to advance knowledge development, identify research gaps and shed light on future research. The results offer practical enlightenment for governments, tourism destinations and hospitality organization.

Practical implications
The results offer practical enlightenment for governments, tourism destinations and hospitality organization.

Originality/value
This study is the initial attempt to provide a systematic review of AI research relating to the tourism and hospitality fields.
Board structure policy, board diversity and social sustainability in the logistics and transportation sector
Authors: Fernandes Valérie , Kuzey Cemil , Uyar Ali , Karaman Abdullah S. 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis study aims to examine the roles of board gender and cultural diversities in driving social sustainability practices through the moderating effect of board structure policies in the logistics and transportation sector.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted fixed-effects regression with 2005–2019 data from Thomson Reuters Eikon.FindingsThe results showed that female directors are significant predictors of social sustainability across the four dimensions of human rights, workforce, product responsibility and community development. Additionally, directors with different cultural backgrounds (but not the workforce) are significant determinants of community development, human rights and product responsibility. Furthermore, although board structure policies positively moderate the relationship between board gender diversity and social sustainability, they fail to moderate the relationship between board cultural diversity and social sustainability.Originality/valueThe findings have crucial implications for the logistics and transportation sector's social sustainability and may help the sector align with employees' and society's expectations. The incorporation of board gender and cultural diversities into the research design was a response to calls by the European Union (EU) and the United Nations (UN) to address board configuration and stakeholders' concerns.
Women and white-collar criminals: a comparison between pink-collar crimes and red-collar crimes in Iran
Authors: Kamaei Maryam , Gottschalk Petter 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare women committing pink-collar and red-collar crimes in Iran. In the current study, the pink-collar crime, studying murder by women as red-collar criminals and the root of “pink-collar crime” is considered the related terms.

Design/methodology/approach
Descriptive analytical method is used in this article.

Findings
It was previously thought that white-collar crime has no victim, and it is not necessary to imprison the criminal or consider other punishments. There is no recognized solution for such crimes, as opposed to the legislature and the government’s efforts, and therefore, consumers, government, employees, companies and executives cannot realize these crimes or be aware of them. Unfortunately, recognizing red-collar crimes is impossible using the old, outdated set of laws, and new laws are required. The phenomenon of white- and red-collar crime is endless and must always be in the attention of society to prevent its dangerous consequences for the community.

Originality/value
This article is original and has been submitted only to this journal and has not been submitted to another journal at the same time.
Integrating isotopic and nutritional niches reveals multiple dimensions of individual diet specialisation in a marine apex predator
Authors: Grainger Richard , Raoult Vincent , Peddemors Victor M. , Machovsky‐Capuska Gabriel E. , Gaston Troy F. , Raubenheimer David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Dietary specialisations are important determinants of ecological structure, particularly in species with high per‐capita trophic influence like marine apex predators. These species are, however, among the most challenging in which to establish spatiotemporally integrated diets.

We introduce a novel integration of stable isotopes with a multidimensional nutritional niche framework that addresses the challenges of establishing spatiotemporally integrated nutritional niches in wild populations, and apply the framework to explore individual diet specialisation in a marine apex predator, the white shark Carcharodon carcharias.

Sequential tooth files were sampled from juvenile white sharks to establish individual isotopic (δ‐space; δ13C, δ15N, δ34S) niche specialisation. Bayesian mixing models were then used to reveal individual‐level prey (p‐space) specialisation, and further combined with nutritional geometry models to quantify the nutritional (N‐space) dimensions of individual specialisation, and their relationships to prey use.

Isotopic and mixing model analyses indicated juvenile white sharks as individual specialists within a broader, generalist, population niche. Individual sharks differed in their consumption of several important mesopredator species, which suggested among‐individual variance in trophic roles in either pelagic or benthic food webs. However, variation in nutrient intakes was small and not consistently correlated with differences in prey use, suggesting white sharks as nutritional specialists and that individuals could use functionally and nutritionally different prey as complementary means to achieve a common nutritional goal.

We identify how degrees of individual specialisation can differ between niche spaces (δ‐, p‐ or N‐space), the physiological and ecological implications of this, and argue that integrating nutrition can provide stronger, mechanistic links between diet specialisation and its intrinsic (fitness/performance) and extrinsic (ecological) outcomes. Our time‐integrated framework is adaptable for examining the nutritional consequences and drivers of food use variation at the individual, population or species level.
INDIGENOUS URBANISMS
Authors: Blatman Naama , Mays Kyle 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIndigenous urbanism is an analytic and vital experience that captures everyday life and extreme moments of conflict in settler colonies. While highly localized, Indigenous urbanism/s are comparable across time and space. Delivered from different parts of the world, the essays in this collection highlight that Indigenous urbanism is politically, socially and culturally significant not only for Indigenous peoples in cities, but also for urban settlers and non‐Indigenous people of color. While Indigenous urbanisms are foregrounded by settler‐colonial structures and processes, they also underscore the unresolved nature of social relations in cities, and indeed, the unsettled character of the city itself. This introduction briefly sketches the themes and scope of each essay and draws them into conversation. Taken together, this collection illustrates the relational—rather than reactionary—character of Indigenous urbanisms as structure, in and of the (settler) city. Indigenous urbanisms shape cities by engaging with broader categories of human relations, intimate connections, conflict and resistance.
Vulvar dermatoses—Can a pattern‐based approach improve diagnostic yield?
Authors: Singh Lavleen , Kumari Kalpana , Sharma Sonal 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundVulvar dermatoses (VD) pose a formidable challenge to clinicians and pathologists owing to various factors. The factors included are the histopathological heterogeneity of the vulva, moist and frictional environment, and the limited experience of gynecologists and general histopathologists in this field. To address this issue, the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD) proposed a histopathological tissue reaction‐based classification system for VD. Therefore, we attempted to study the utility of the 2006 ISSVD classification in reporting VD. We further evaluated if a dermatopathologist review could improve the diagnostic yield.Materials and MethodsThe vulvar biopsy reports (N = 106) were retrieved from histopathology case files, out of which benign non‐infectious conditions (n = 55) were included in the study. The diagnosis retrieved from the case files was considered the initial diagnosis. Three dermatopathologists reviewed each biopsy, and a tissue reaction pattern/diagnosis was assigned as per ISSVD 2006, and this was considered a review diagnosis. The initial and review diagnoses were compared and analyzed. We further studied and analyzed the effect of the dermatopathologist's review on the diagnostic yield.ResultsThe sclerotic pattern (34.6%) was the commonest tissue reaction pattern, followed by spongiotic (18%) and acanthotic patterns (14.5%) independently or in combination. The non‐specific/descriptive report rate was significantly decreased following 2006 ISSVD and the dermatopathologist's review (83.6% vs.1.8%).ConclusionRendering tissue reaction patterns to vulvar biopsies will enable a comprehensive understanding of lesions and aid in clinically relevant reporting. In addition, dermatopathologists' review of difficult vulvar biopsies increases the diagnostic yield.
International aid actions for accountability: Identifying interaction effects between programmes
Authors: Nadelman Rachel , McGee Rosie , Khan Ayesha , Gonçalves Euclides , Fox Jonathan , Burge Richard , Aremu Fatai A. , Anderson Colin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMotivationAid agencies that support public accountability reforms commonly do so in the same places and with similar state and civil society actors. However, the combined effects of their separate programmatic actions are rarely analysed.PurposeThis study departs from conventional analysis of aid agency relationships that focuses on the macro level of donor co‐ordination and harmonization. Instead, we look at the interactions that happen in practice between aid agency programmes on the ground. Through doing so we propose a new conceptual lens for understanding these interactions.Methods and approachWe explore how programmes with overlapping public accountability goals interact in specific locations and with what effects, based on qualitative fieldwork on four recent programmes that overlapped in sub‐national areas of Pakistan and Nigeria and supported by lighter‐touch research on two programmes in Mozambique.FindingsWe identify three distinct categories of “interaction effects”—synergy, parallel play, and disconnect. These effects came about both with and without direct engagement between the aid agencies themselves. Synergistic interaction effects—aid agency actions reinforcing one another in pursuit of greater public accountability—were common. Parallel play—siloed working—was also common, risking missed opportunities to extend impact. The study identified one outright disconnect—where aid agency actions undermined each other.Policy implicationsUsing this “interaction effects” lens in practice could inform and strengthen aid agency strategies—avoiding conflicting actions and siloed working—and achieving more through synergy with others, particularly in complex contexts. This applies both in programme design and in adapting to other aid programmes' actions in real time. Development programme research and evaluations would benefit from broadening their lens beyond single‐programme studies to understand the combined effects of multiple actors.