bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS DAN KUALITAS BAWANG MERAH
Authors: Rajiman Rajiman 
Published: February 2022

This research was aimed to study the effected moringa leaf extract to productivity and quality of shallot. The research was implemented at Sendangtirto, Berbah, Sleman for August–December 2018. The research used random block design by 3 replications. The treatment was concentration of moringa leaf extract (K) i.e K0= control (0 %), K1= 2 %, K2= 4 %, K3= 6% dan K4= 8 %. Observation was conducted to plant height 2-5 week after planting, leaves number 2-5 week after planting, bulb number, fresh and dry weight per clumps, fresh and dry weight per cluster, fresh and dry bulb weight per hectare, weight of save bulb, bulb diameter harvest index and total dissolved solids. The data obtained was analysed by variance analysis with 5% level of significance. The results of research showed that increased the increasing concentration of moringa leaf extract didn’t affected significantly to productivity and quality of shallot, except affected significantly to leaf number 3 and 5 weeks after planting. Keywords: moringa extract, productivity, quality and shallot
PENGARUH MODAL SOSIAL TERHADAP KINERJA KELOMPOK TANI DALAM PENERAPAN PTT PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L) DI DESA KOKOSAN KECAMATAN PRAMBANAN KABUPATEN KLATEN
Authors: Fortuna Puri Eka Dewi , Setiawati Bernadetta Budi , Munanto Totok Sevenek 
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the social capital that exists in farmer groups and analyse the effect of social capital on the performance of farmer groups in the implementation of Integrated Plants Management of Rice Paddy in Kokosan Village, Prambanan District, Klaten Regency. The method used in this research is survey. Determination of village location was done purposively, namely villages that had carried out activities related to Integrated Plants Management of Rice Paddy. The sampling technique was carried out by proportional random sampling totalling 34 respondents. Data were analysed descriptively and multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that social capital consisting of participation, trust, and cooperation significantly influences the performance of farmer groups in the application of rice paddy integrated plants management in Kokosan Village, Prambanan District, Klaten Regency with a total influence of 68.1%. Partially variable of participation directly affects a significant result of 0,020 and the descriptive study results of 78,92% with always category. Trust doesn’t directly affect the substantial result of 0,129 and the descriptive study results of 79,12% with always category. Cooperation directly affects a significant result of 0,017 and the descriptive study results of 78,73% with always category. The variables that make the greatest contribution are trust on the performance of farmer groups in the implementation of Integrated Plants Management of Rice Paddy. The results of the largest coefficients are ranking in cooperation, trust and participation. Keywords: Social Capital, Participation, Trust, Cooperation, Performance
PERSEPSI PETANI TENTANG KARAKTERISTIK INOVASI SISTEM TANAM JAJAR LEGOWO PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L)
Authors: Astuti Yulianti , Astuti Siti , Arifin Miftakhul 
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine farmer’s perception about the characteristics of innovations that include relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, tribality and observability “Jajar Legowo” planting system. The study was conducted from February to July 2019 in Selomartani village, Kalasan District, Sleman Regency DIY. Methods of study are quantitative descriptive. Farmer’s sample were determined by proportional random sampling. The results of the study showed that farmers’ perception of the “Jajar Legowo” planting system is beneit, appropriate, uncomplicated, fairly easy to try and easy observed. Needs to be done counselling planting row creation because this component not in accordance with the customs of farmers. The design of the empowerment was done by manufacture rice planting equipment for planting “Jajar Legowo” namely caplak as a tool to build the planting line. Thereby will increase the perception of farmers to “Jajar Legowo” planting system. Keywords: Perception, Characteristics of innovation, “jajar legowo” planting system Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi petani tentang karakteristik inovasi sistem tanam jajar legowo yang meliputi keuntungan relatif, tingkat kesesuaian, tingkat kerumitan, kemampuan diuji coba dan kemampuan diamati. Kajian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Juli 2019 di Desa Selomartani, Kecamatan Kalasan, Kabupaten Sleman DIY. Jenis dan metode kajian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan pengambilan sampel petani secara Proportional Random Sampling. Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa persepsi petani tentang sistem tanam jajar legowo adalah menguntungkan, sesuai, tidak rumit, cukup mudah diuji coba dan mudah diamati. Perlu dilakukan penyuluhan pembuatan baris tanam karena komponen ini belum sesuai dengan adat kebiasaan petani. Desain pemberdayaan dilakukan dengan cara pembuatan alat tanam padi sistem tanam jajar legowo yaitu caplak sebagai alat bantu pembuatan baris tanam, dengan harapan akan meningkatkan persepsi petani terhadap sistem tanam jajar legowo. Kata Kunci: Persepsi, Karakteristik Inovasi, Jajar Legowo
LEARNING METHOD USING COMMUNICATIVE APPROACHES TO ENGLISH GRAMMAR TEACHING
Authors: Wilujeng Asih Purwani  
Published: February 2022

Abstrak: Penguasaan grammar pada mata kuliah Basic English Grammar mahasiswa semester pertama di Universitas Billfath masih rendah sehingga diperlukan metode pengajaran yang tepat untuk mengakomodasi permasalahan tersebut yaitu pendekatan komunikatif dengan metode pembelajaran diskusi kelompok dan metode pembelajaran dengan presentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah diskusi kelompok dan presentasi dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan penguasaan mata kuliah Basic English Grammar. Empat kelompok diskusi dengan total 16 mahasiswa semester pertama ditemukan setelah pretest. Diskusi kelompok dilakukan pada setiap hari perkuliahan (14 pertemuan). Hasil akhir perkuliahan ditentukan dengan posttest. Presentasi individu dilakukan di akhir perkuliahan. Uji t digunakan untuk menganalisis variabel skor pretes, postes, dan presentasi. Uji t Mann Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan sebesar 0,001 <0,05 antara skor pretes dan skor postes. Perbedaan signifikan 0,026 <0,05 juga diperoleh antara skor pretes dan skor presentasi. Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa proses perkuliahan dengan metode diskusi kelompok secara signifikan meningkatkan pemahaman dan penguasaan mahasiswa mata kuliah Basic English Grammar, sehingga membantu penguasaan materi tes presentasi.

Abstract: The mastery of basic English grammar for first semester students in University of Billfath is still low. So that the right teaching method is needed to accommodate the problem, namely communicative approach with group discussion and presentation learning method. This research is aimed to find out whether group discussion and presentation can improve the students’ understanding and mastery Basic English Courses. Four discussion group with a total of 16 first semester students were found after the pretest. Group discussions are conducted on each lecture day (14 meetings). The final results of the lecture are determined by posttest. Individual presentations are carried out at the end of the lecture. The t test is used to analyze the variables of the pretest, posttest, and presentations scores. The Mann Whitney t test showed a significant difference of 0,001 < 0.05 between the pretest score and the posttest score. A significant difference of 0.026 < 0.05 was also obtained between the pretest score and the presentation score. The data analysis indicated that the lecture process with the group discussion method is significantly improved student understanding and mastery of Basic English Grammar courses, so that is help mastery the presentation test material.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS DI KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 02 LENGKENAT
Authors: Hasan Akhmad , Putra Purniadi 
Published: February 2022

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa setelah menggunakan Media Permainan Ular Tangga pada Mata Pelajaran IPS di kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri 02 Lengkenat Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif bentuk penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Hasil penelitian diperoleh Media Permainan Ular Tangga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS dengan kategori sangat baik dan siswa berperan aktif, peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan Media Permainan Ular Tangga pada siklus I diperoleh hasil belajar siswa rata-rata sebesar 68,8% dan meningkat pada siklus II mencapai 82% sehingga terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar siswa sebesar 13,2%. Tingkat ketuntasan klasikal pada siklus I sebesar 80% dan tingkat ketuntasan klasikal pada siklus II mencapai 96%. Sehingga ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa pada siklus II dinyatakan berhasil karena dari data yang diperoleh telah mencapai ketuntasan sedangkan respon siswa melalui hasil wawancara guru dan siswa menunjukkan respon positif terhadap Media Permainan Ular Tangga
HUBUNGAN KECERDASAN SPASIAL-VISUAL DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PADA MATERI BENTUK MOLEKUL
Authors: Jadid Anshori Ahmad Fathul , Priyasmika Rendy , Kharisma Purwanto Kriesna 
Published: February 2022

Ilmu kimia terbagi menjadi dua konsep, yaitu konsep konkret dan terdefiinisi. Bentuk molekul merupakan salah satu konsep terdefinisi karena gagasannya berada pada tingkat molekuler dan tidak kasat mata. Sehingga, untuk memahami materi bentuk molekul dibutuhkan kecerdasan spasial-visual. Oleh sebab itu untuk mengetahui hubungan kecerdasan spasial-visual dan prestasi belajar pada materi bentuk molekul dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya korelasi antara kecerdasan spasial-visual dengan prestasi belajar siswa kelas X IPA MA Hidayatul Ummah Pringgoboyo pada materi bentuk molekul. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode statistik inferensial dengan menggunakan statistik korelasi regresi untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya korelasi antara kecerdasan spasial-visual dengan prestasi belajar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat korelasi antara kecerdasan spasial-visual dengan prestasi belajar, hal ini dimungkinkan karena tidak hanya kecerdasan spasial-visual yang berperan dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar.
Should the frequency, severity, or both response scales be used for multi-item dental patient-reported outcome measures?
Authors: Pattanaik Swaha , John Mike T. , Chung Seungwon , Keller San 
Published: February 2022

Background
The Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) index asks the respondents to indicate both, the frequency and severity of the impact. However, it is not clear if the two scaling methods are correlated, and if using one scale is sufficient. The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between frequency and severity rating scales of the OIDP instrument, and whether only one of the rating scales can be used instead of both.

Methods
A battery of patient-reported outcome questionnaires were administered to a consecutive sample of adult dental patients from HealthPartners dental clinics in Minnesota (N = 2,115). Only those who responded to any of the OIDP items were included in the analysis for this study (N = 873). We assessed correlations between the frequency and severity scales for all OIDP items, and for the summary scores of the two OIDP response scales. We additionally fit a categorical structural equation model (SEM) (or an item factor analysis model) and examined the correlation between two latent variables (Frequency and Severity).

Results
The correlation estimates for all OIDP items were greater than 0.50, indicating large correlations between the frequency and severity scores for each OIDP item. The correlation estimate between the two summary scores was 0.85 (95% CI [0.82–0.86]). When we calculated the correlation coefficient using a latent variable model, the value increased to 0.96 (95% CI [0.93–1.00]).

Conclusion
Our study findings show that OIDP frequency and severity scores are highly correlated, which indicates the use of one scale only. Based on previous evidence, we recommend applying the frequency rating scale only in research and clinical settings.
Deep Learning, Introduction To
Authors: Li Yao , Wang Justin , Lee Thomas C.M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Deep neural networks have been widely used for tackling numerous machine learning problems that were once believed to be challenging. With their remarkable ability to fit training data, deep neural networks have achieved revolutionary successes in many fields such as computer vision, natural language progressing, and robotics. Many works have been done to develop new architectures of deep neural networks to tackle different problems in real data. In this article, we briefly review the architectures, properties, and applications of different types of deep neural networks.
Bayesian Small Area Estimation
Authors: Polettini Silvia , Arima Serena 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe wealth of timely and detailed information provided by sample surveys (seeSurvey Sampling; Finite Populations, Sampling From) attracts interest of researchers and analysts, with planned domains (seeSampling Designs in Surveys) being of primary yet clearly not exclusive inferential interest. Indeed, based on the sample data, a whole variety of subpopulations could be investigated to comprehend local needs and issues, highlight the geography of socioeconomic disparities, drive the planning and evaluation of policies, and so on.We denote bysmall areaany geographical or demographic domain that is not planned for the survey. Counties, municipalities or states, or the groups obtained by cross‐classification of age, sex, ethnicity, and region are examples. In general, we calldirectan estimator solely based on the subsample of units belonging to the area of interest. Accurate design‐based inference may be jeopardized by the small (or even zero) sample size of such domains, whence the terminology. Inferential interest concerns area‐specific parameters, usually means, proportions, or percentiles. Typical applications include estimation of mean household income at the municipality level in poverty studies, the number of persons affected by a given disease in a given sex by age by region classification in epidemiological studies, the crop area under vines at the regional level in agricultural economics, and counts and rates for school age children under poverty at the county and school district levels for allocation of funds. To produce reliable estimates of such aggregates, we useindirect estimatorsthat rely on auxiliary information to connect small areas through explicit or implicit models, thus borrowing strength and increasing the effective sample size. Such process is generally referred to as “small area estimation.” The articleSmall Area Estimationdescribes the nature of the problem and the different approaches. This article focuses on Bayesian models for small area estimation. We present two basic linear models and briefly discuss a number of different extensions that are easily accommodated under a Bayesian framework.
Desirability
Authors: Hammett Patrick 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Desirability uses a standardized scale to measure the degree to which a product or process metric conforms to its requirements. Then, we may combine individual desirability ratings into a multiresponse composite desirability index using the weighted geometric mean. This index provides a single numerical measure of requirement conformance to compare alternatives or optimize a product or process design. This article first summarizes the calculation methods for different desirability use cases. Then, we explore three applications. These include the use of the composite desirability index to (i) measure the overall conformance using a design scorecard, (ii) compare a set of design alternatives for multiple criteria decision‐making, and (iii) optimize a set of responses for a common set of process factors using a controlled design of experiment. In this article, we demonstrate the use of the composite desirability index to optimize a set of responses using a Central Composite Design (CCD) example.
Bayesian Implementation of the Fault Tree Analysis
Authors: Joshi Chaitanya , Ruggeri Fabrizio , Wilson Simon P. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article illustrates why a fully Bayesian approach to Fault Tree Analysis can be useful, describes how it can be performed, and discusses one of the important considerations to be made regarding such analysis, namely, prior elicitation. It then describes an easy‐to‐use prior robustness approach for Fault Tree Analysis to quantify the sensitivity of the prior elicitation of the failure probability to misspecification of uncertainty in elementary events.
Bayesian Finite Mixture Models
Authors: Grün Bettina , Malsiner‐Walli Gertraud 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFinite mixture models are a useful statistical model class for clustering and density approximation. In the Bayesian framework finite mixture models require the specification of suitable priors in addition to the data model. These priors allow to avoid spurious results and provide a principled way to define cluster shapes and a preference for specific cluster solutions. A generic model estimation scheme for finite mixtures with a fixed number of components is available using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling with data augmentation. The posterior allows to assess uncertainty in a comprehensive way, but component‐specific posterior inference requires resolving the label‐switching issue.In this article, we focus on the application of Bayesian finite mixture models for clustering. We start with discussing suitable specification, estimation, and inference of the model if the number of components is assumed to be known. We then continue to explain suitable strategies for fitting Bayesian finite mixture models when the number of components is not known. In addition, all steps required to perform Bayesian finite mixture modeling are illustrated on a data example where a finite mixture model of multivariate Gaussian distributions is fitted. Suitable prior specification, estimation using MCMC, and posterior inference are discussed for this example, assuming the number of components to be known as well as unknown.
Samuel Karlin
Authors: Feldman Marcus W. , Kenett Ron S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Samuel Karlin was a mathematician who made fundamental contributions to mathematical theory, functional analysis, operations research, game theory, mathematical economics, stochastic processes, statistics, genetics, population genetics, and computational biology. In this article, we provide an overall review of his career, emphasizing the last two domains. Obituaries that cover other domains of his work are listed in the references.
Loss of Nexilin function leads to a recessive lethal fetal cardiomyopathy characterized by cardiomegaly and endocardial fibroelastosis
Authors: Johansson Josefin , Frykholm Carina , Ericson Katharina , Kazamia Kalliopi , Lindberg Amanda , Mulaiese Nancy , Falck Geir , Gustafsson Per‐Erik , Lidéus Sarah , Gudmundsson Sanna , Ameur Adam , Bondeson Marie‐Louise , Wilbe Maria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Nexilin F‐Actin Binding Protein (Nexilin) encoded by NEXN is a cardiac Z‐disc protein important for cardiac function and development in humans, zebrafish, and mice. Heterozygote variants in the human NEXN gene have been reported to cause dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Homozygous variants in NEXN cause a lethal form of human fetal cardiomyopathy, only described in two patients before. In a Swedish, four‐generation, non‐consanguineous family comprising 42 individuals, one female had three consecutive pregnancies with intrauterine fetal deaths caused by a lethal form of dilated cardiomyopathy. Whole‐exome sequencing and variant analysis revealed that the affected fetuses were homozygous for a NEXN variant (NM_144573:c.1302del;p.(Ile435Serfs*3)). Moreover, autopsy and histology staining declared that they presented with cardiomegaly and endocardial fibroelastosis. Immunohistochemistry staining for Nexilin in the affected fetuses revealed reduced antibody staining and loss of striation in the heart, supporting loss of Nexilin function. Clinical examination of seven heterozygote carriers confirmed dilated cardiomyopathy (two individuals), other cardiac findings (three individuals), or no cardiac deviations (two individuals), indicating incomplete penetrance or age‐dependent expression of dilated cardiomyopathy. RNA sequencing spanning the variant in cDNA blood of heterozygote individuals revealed nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay of the mutated transcripts. In the current study, we present the first natural course of the recessively inherited lethal form of human fetal cardiomyopathy caused by loss of Nexilin function. The affected family had uneventful pregnancies until week 23–24, followed by fetal death at week 24–30, characterized by cardiomegaly and endocardial fibroelastosis.
Asymmetric Synthesis of N‐Substituted 1,2‐Amino Alcohols from Simple Aldehydes and Amines by One‐Pot Sequential Enzymatic Hydroxymethylation and Asymmetric Reductive Amination
Authors: Li Yu , Hu Na , Xu Zefei , Cui Yunfeng , Feng Jinhui , Yao Peiyuan , Wu Qiaqing , Zhu Dunming , Ma Yanhe 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe chiral N‐substituted 1,2‐amino alcohol motif is found in many natural and synthetic bioactive compounds. In this study, enzymatic asymmetric reductive amination of α‐hydroxymethyl ketones with enantiocomplementary imine reductases (IREDs) enabled the synthesis of chiral N‐substituted 1,2‐amino alcohols with excellent ee values (91–99 %) in moderate to high yields (41–84 %). Furthermore, a one‐pot, two‐step enzymatic process involving benzaldehyde lyase‐catalyzed hydroxymethylation of aldehydes and subsequent asymmetric reductive amination was developed, offering an environmentally friendly and economical way to produce N‐substituted 1,2‐amino alcohols from readily available simple aldehydes and amines. This methodology was then applied to rapidly access a key synthetic intermediate of anti‐malaria and cytotoxic tetrahydroquinoline alkaloids.
Synthesis, Stereochemical Confirmation, and Derivatization of 12(S),16ϵ‐Dihydroxycleroda‐3,13‐dien‐15,16‐olide, a Clerodane Diterpene That Sensitizes Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus to β‐Lactam Antibiotics
Authors: Zeiler Michael J. , Connors Gina M. , Durling Greg M. , Oliver Allen G. , Marquez Lewis , Melander Roberta J. , Quave Cassandra L. , Melander Christian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOver the past decades, antibiotic resistance has grown to a point where orthogonal approaches to combating infections caused by resistant bacteria are needed. One such approach is the development of non‐microbicidal small molecules that potentiate the activity of conventional antibiotics, termed adjuvants. The diterpene natural product 12(S),16ϵ‐dihydroxycleroda‐3,13‐dien‐15,16‐olide, which we refer to as (−)‐LZ‐2112, is known to synergize with oxacillin against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). To explore this activity, (−)‐LZ‐2112 was synthesized and the structure confirmed through X‐ray analysis. Preliminary structure–activity relationship studies following the synthesis of several analogs identified key structural elements responsible for activity and indicate that scaffold simplification is possible. A preliminary mode of action study suggests mecA plays a role in the adjuvant activity of (−)‐LZ‐2112.