bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discussion on the Teaching Method of Using Cloud Computing Technology to Improve the Stability Training of the Trunk Pillar in College Physical Education Curriculum
Authors: Wang Yongan , Feng Yun 
Published: January 2022

This work is to develop an effective trunk support stability training program, thereby improving the quality of college physical education. First, the advantages and characteristics of trunk support stability training are analyzed under the physiological basis and biomechanical basis of trunk support stability training. Then, the trunk support stability training program is developed to train the stability, strength, and balance of the sprint athletes’ shoulder, trunk, and buttocks musculature, as well as the control ability of the limbs. Twenty undergraduates in the track and field sprint special class of Xi’an Physical Education University are recruited and rolled into experimental group and control group, each with 10 students, and trained for 8 weeks. Finally, functional movement screen (FMS), postshot throw, level-ten stepping tests, and sprint tests (30 m, 60 m, and 100 m) are performed. The results show that before the start of the experiment, there is no considerable difference in the score comparison between experimental group and control group in different test items (

P

> 0.05). After the experiment, the test scores of level-ten stepping, postshot throw, and 30 m, 60 m, and 100 m sprint of experimental group are remarkably different within the group (

P

< 0.05). In addition, the level-ten stepping and 60 m and 100 m sprint scores of experimental group and control group have great differences between the groups, indicating that the trunk support stability training program formulated in this work has a notable effect on college physically educated students.
Identidade, Estado-nação e patrimônio: o tombamento do Parc National Historique no Haiti (1940-1990)
Authors: Louis Loudmia Amicia Pierre , Uhle Ana Rita 
Published: February 2022

Sabendo que o Haiti liderou a única revolução levada a cabo por negros escravizados que pôs fim ao sistema colonial escravocrata e racista na ilha, dando lugar à primeira República negra do mundo, nos perguntamos sobre a constituição da sua identidade nacional e sua materialização nos patrimônios históricos. Assim, este artigo analisa os processos de preservação do patrimônio haitiano entre as décadas de 1940 e 1990 – período de institucionalização e tombamento dos primeiros monumentos históricos nacionais – identificando as circunstâncias que levaram ao surgimento e à implantação da questão como tema politicamente relevante. Analisaremos o período pós-independência relacionado à edificação das fortalezas que constituem o Parc National Historique – Citadelle Laferrière, Sans-Souci, Ramiers (PNH-CSSR), patrimônio cultural da humanidade e patrimônio nacional, – na tentativa de descobrir uma possível difusão de uma consciência do patrimônio nacional e desvendar as bases sobre as quais se ergueu a identidade nacional e como foram constituídas as políticas culturais no Haiti independente.
A Population-Level Study Concerning the Assumed Association Between Suicide Rates and Antidepressant Consumption in Hungary
Authors: Bozsonyi Károly , Lester David , Zonda Tamás , Bálint Lajos , Veres Előd 
Published: January 2022

Background It has been claimed that the advent of modern antidepressants has reduced the suicide rate. Aims To examine the correlation between the suicide rate and the prescription of antidepressants. Method A dynamic regression was employed to analyze a 73-month-long, monthly time series between 2010 and 2016 in Hungary. The independent variable was the Defined Daily Dose value for the number of antidepressant (AD) prescriptions filled each month. Results The models failed to show a significant association between the prescription of antidepressants and age- and sex-specific monthly suicide rates. Conclusions The prescription of antidepressants in Hungary has had no impact on suicide rates.
Can Regulatory Fit Improve Elementary School Students’ Performance? Effects of Different Types of Regulatory Fit
Authors: Miwa Shuhei , Nagamine Masato , Tang Li , Xiao Yuzhi , Toyama Miki 
Published: January 2022

Previous studies have demonstrated the effect of regulatory fit on Japanese elementary school students (aged 9–12 years). The hypotheses were that promotion focused students tend to show good performance related to speed when they use an eager manner; on the other hand, prevention focused students tend to show good performance related to accuracy when they use a vigilant manner. In Study 1, the class teacher assessed their student’s regulatory focus and then manipulated the students’ manner of solving a calculation task by asking the students to engage speedily so that they solve many tasks in eager manner condition, or accurately so that they can avoid making errors in the vigilant manner condition. The results indicated that students with a promotion focus tended to solve more tasks in the eager manner condition. In addition, the same result was replicated in Study 2. These combined results suggest that regulatory fit is experienced not only by adults but also by young children. Moreover, the influence of regulatory fit depended on the type of regulatory fit. It is suggested that regulatory fit theory could be applied to educational settings to efficiently enhance the performance of students.
Promoting Effective Task Interpretation as an Important Work Habit: A Key to Successful Teaching and Learning
Authors: Butler Deborah L. , Cartier Sylvie C. 
Published: February 2022

In this article we argue that to be successful in an academic arena, students must adopt a consistent approach to completing academic work (i.e., a work habit) that includes very carefully interpreting the demands of tasks that are presented to them in schools. To clarify why task interpretation is so critical to student success, and is thus an important instructional objective for teachers, we begin by presenting two vignettes illustrating links between task interpretation and students’ successful engagement in academic work. Then, we take a step back to describe what we mean by academic work and engagement and to explain how and why students’ knowledge about, conceptions of, and interpretations of tasks are so foundational to performance. We also describe how students’ task interpretation breaks down and why such breakdowns often occur. Finally, we close by advancing practical suggestions for teachers regarding how to structure activities, instruction, and evaluation to promote students’ adoption of task interpretation as an important work habit in the pursuit of effective learning. Sally is teaching a ninth grade English class. Her goal is for students to learn how to write various kinds of paragraphs. After showing some examples and talking with the class about the structure of a narrative paragraph, Sally asks the students to write one themselves. She writes the assignment on the chalkboard as she explains it to the class but notices that quite a number of students start talking to each other while her back is turned. As students work on the assignment, Sally circulates around the room. She reexplains the task to some students and reminds others to focus on their work. She notices that many students seem lost and that only a few students are doing a good job of following her very detailed instructions. Amy is an eighth grade student taking science. One day, Amy arrives home with her science textbook and instructions to answer the questions at the end of Chapter 6. Amy sits down, turns her book to the end of the chapter, finds the first question and looks for key words. She then searches for those key words in the chapter to find information relevant to the question. She copies the information word for word onto a piece of paper, then moves onto the remaining questions. When she is challenged by her teacher the next day, who asks if she has answered the questions in her own words, Amy replies that she does not need to understand the information. She shows her teacher how she has received 100% on each of her previous homework assignments, which she completed in the same way.
Pedagogy and Diversity: Difference or Deficit
Authors: Sarangapani Padma M. 
Published: January 2022

Schools—their curriculum and pedagogy—assume the middle-class child as the norm, effectively rendering other childhoods and life-worlds as being deficient. Shifting away from this assumption, and acknowledging diversity, is usually understood as requiring an ‘attitudinal’ shift on the part of teachers. Teachers are usually held ‘guilty’ of having negative attitudes towards children of the poor. Explanations for the pedagogy generally then refer to these attitudes, and ‘corrective action’ then attends to an attitudinal change. The idea of ‘multiple childhoods’ is gaining influence in the teacher education curricula as providing an alternative normative framework that can enable teachers to work with, and retain, diversity. Some recent research into the manifestation of ‘difference’ in the primary school classroom indicates that differences are experienced by teachers as learning difficulty issues that need a curricular and pedagogic response. The child’s home culture, home support for schooling and home socialization seem to enter into the pedagogy in more ways than can be addressed by changing the ‘teachers’ attitudes’. ‘Educability’ is a central (folk) concept for teachers who engage with and try to address the learning requirements of children, particularly those from underprivileged backgrounds (and particularly social classes lower than themselves). Four studies on teachers’ experiences of ‘difference’ are drawn upon to engage with and to evolve an understanding of the specific implications of for pedagogy and educational aims.
Gender Matters: Reappraising the Issues of Equity, Participation and Ownership in Watershed Management
Authors: Kumar Dhananjay , Kumar Dhiraj 
Published: January 2022

Equal share in governance of managing natural resources is one of the strategic aspects of neoliberal developmentalism. Additionally, this process of natural resource governance (NRG) considers communities as a homogeneous entity by ignoring the cultural politics of gender division to maintain the latency and equilibrium of the existing gendered order and regime. Watershed developmental project is no exceptional in this regard. The existing empirical literature shows that the gender governance (GG) issues in development projects such as watershed is disproportionate between men and women. This article talks about GG by discussing the issues of equity, participation and ownership in NRG, and it argued that GG cannot be synonymous with gender mainstreaming. Watershed development in India has been taken to address the issues of conservation and production, but it doesn’t address the cultural politics of gendered division. Women are more inclined to be marginalized in the governance of watershed management due to the cultural politics of control and access over the ownership of the natural resource (land) which comes under the hegemonic control of their male counterparts. Women participation in watershed activities is merely for fulfilling the custom of the official quota. Considering the potential function of women participation in watershed activities, the present article seeks to explore the issues and approaches through which the participatory institutions must meet the emerging challenges. This study concludes that the role of women participation in NRG will help in the integration of various form of capital more effectively.
Amphioxus muscle transcriptomes reveal vertebrate-like myoblast fusion genes and a highly conserved role of insulin signalling in the metabolism of muscle
Authors: Aase-Remedios Madeleine E. , Coll-Lladó Clara , Ferrier David E. K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The formation and functioning of muscles are fundamental aspects of animal biology, and the evolution of ‘muscle genes’ is central to our understanding of this tissue. Feeding-fasting-refeeding experiments have been widely used to assess muscle cellular and metabolic responses to nutrition. Though these studies have focused on vertebrate models and only a few invertebrate systems, they have found similar processes are involved in muscle degradation and maintenance. Motivation for these studies stems from interest in diseases whose pathologies involve muscle atrophy, a symptom also triggered by fasting, as well as commercial interest in the muscle mass of animals kept for consumption. Experimentally modelling atrophy by manipulating nutritional state causes muscle mass to be depleted during starvation and replenished with refeeding so that the genetic mechanisms controlling muscle growth and degradation can be understood.

Results
Using amphioxus, the earliest branching chordate lineage, we address the gap in previous work stemming from comparisons between distantly related vertebrate and invertebrate models. Our amphioxus feeding-fasting-refeeding muscle transcriptomes reveal a highly conserved myogenic program and that the pro-orthologues of many vertebrate myoblast fusion genes were present in the ancestral chordate, despite these invertebrate chordates having unfused mononucleate myocytes. We found that genes differentially expressed between fed and fasted amphioxus were orthologous to the genes that respond to nutritional state in vertebrates. This response is driven in a large part by the highly conserved IGF/Akt/FOXO pathway, where depleted nutrient levels result in activation of FOXO, a transcription factor with many autophagy-related gene targets.

Conclusion
Reconstruction of these gene networks and pathways in amphioxus muscle provides a key point of comparison between the distantly related groups assessed thus far, significantly refining the reconstruction of the ancestral state for chordate myoblast fusion genes and identifying the extensive role of duplicated genes in the IGF/Akt/FOXO pathway across animals. Our study elucidates the evolutionary trajectory of muscle genes as they relate to the increased complexity of vertebrate muscles and muscle development.
Health and study dropout: health aspects differentially predict attrition
Authors: Beller Johannes , Geyer Siegfried , Epping Jelena 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Participant dropout poses significant problems in longitudinal survey studies. Although it is often assumed that a participant’s health predicts future study dropout, only a few studies have examined this topic, with conflicting findings. This study aims to contribute to the literature by clarifying the relationship between different aspects of health and study dropout.

Methods
The 2008 baseline sample of the German Aging Survey was used to predict study dropout (N = 4442). Indicators of health included physical health using the number of chronic conditions, physical functioning using the SF-36 Physical Functioning subscale, cognitive functioning using the digit symbol substitution test, and depression using the CESD-15.

Results
It was found that different aspects of health had differential associations with survey dropout: Worse physical functioning and in part worse cognitive functioning predicted increased dropout rates; contrarily, worse physical health predicted decreased dropout when controlling for other health aspects and covariates. Depression was not significantly related to study dropout.

Conclusions
Therefore, participants with chronic conditions, but minimal physical and cognitive disability were most likely to participate in the future. These findings suggest that health has a complex relationship with survey dropout and must be accounted for in longitudinal studies. Neglecting this systematic attrition due to health problems bears the risk of severely under- or overestimating health-related effects and trends.
Comparisons of statistical distributions for cluster sizes in a developing pandemic
Authors: Faddy M. J. , Pettitt A. N. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
We consider cluster size data of SARS-CoV-2 transmissions for a number of different settings from recently published data. The statistical characteristics of superspreading events are commonly described by fitting a negative binomial distribution to secondary infection and cluster size data as an alternative to the Poisson distribution as it is a longer tailed distribution, with emphasis given to the value of the extra parameter which allows the variance to be greater than the mean. Here we investigate whether other long tailed distributions from more general extended Poisson process modelling can better describe the distribution of cluster sizes for SARS-CoV-2 transmissions.

Methods
We use the extended Poisson process modelling (EPPM) approach with nested sets of models that include the Poisson and negative binomial distributions to assess the adequacy of models based on these standard distributions for the data considered.

Results
We confirm the inadequacy of the Poisson distribution in most cases, and demonstrate the inadequacy of the negative binomial distribution in some cases.

Conclusions
The probability of a superspreading event may be underestimated by use of the negative binomial distribution as much larger tail probabilities are indicated by EPPM distributions than negative binomial alternatives. We show that the large shared accommodation, meal and work settings, of the settings considered, have the potential for more severe superspreading events than would be predicted by a negative binomial distribution. Therefore public health efforts to prevent transmission in such settings should be prioritised.
Stroke survivors’ preferences regarding study participation in rehabilitation research
Authors: Carlstedt Emma , Månsson Lexell Eva , Ståhl Agneta , Lindgren Arne , Iwarsson Susanne 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
To pursue high quality research, successful participant recruitment is essential, but recruitment rates are often low. This is specifically true in target populations with impairments, for instance, among stroke survivors. Previous studies focusing on recruitment have mainly relied on information from professionals, and there is therefore a need to contribute with new methodological insights to how potential rehabilitation research participants describe their interest and preferences to participate in research. The purpose of this study was to generate knowledge about stroke survivors’ interest in participating in rehabilitation research, reasons for being interested or not, and preferred forms and foci of rehabilitation interventions. An additional aim was to describe preferences regarding survey administration modes and processes for recruitment to studies.

Method
This cross-sectional study recruited Swedish residents who had sustained a stroke, initially by using advertisement on the National Stroke Association’s website, flyers posted at local occupational and physical therapy offices and at local stroke/senior organization meetings. Secondly, participants were recruited through a local stroke register. The survey, administered either in a paper form returned by postal mail; online or as a phone interview with 128 stroke survivors.

Results
Most of the participants were interested in participating in rehabilitation research, particularly younger persons (p = 0.001) and those closer to stroke onset (p = 0.047). Contribution to research, possibility to try new rehabilitation interventions and meeting others in the same situation were reasons that attracted an interest to participate. Other important aspects were related to motivation, individual needs, as well as how skilled the people who provided the intervention were. Participants preferred group-based programs, and programs focusing on regaining lost functions were highly requested. A majority wanted to be contacted through postal mail (70%) and most of them (90%) used the paper form to respond to the survey.

Conclusions
A range of personal and external aspects, including challenges related to digitized administration modes, should be considered to achieve high participation rates in rehabilitation research targeting stroke survivors. The importance of addressing individual needs and prerequisites in an individualized manner should not be underestimated and might be a useful strategy to recruitment success.
Effect of disease duration on the association between C-reactive protein-albumin ratio and endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Furukawa Shinya , Yagi Sen , Shiraishi Kana , Miyake Teruki , Tange Kazuhiro , Hashimoto Yu , Kitahata Shogo , Kawamura Tomoe , Ninomiya Tomoyuki , Mori Kenichirou , Suzuki Seiyuu , Shibata Naozumi , Murakami Hidehiro , Ohashi Katsuhisa , Hasebe Aki , Tomida Hideomi , Yamamoto Yasunori , Takeshita Eiji , Ikeda Yoshio , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
A simple serum biomarker for clinical outcome in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) remains an unmet need. Some studies have shown an association between C-reactive protein (CRP)-albumin ratio (CAR) and prognosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but evidence regarding the association between CAR and UC remains limited. We evaluated the association between CAR and clinical outcome in Japanese patients with UC.

Methods
Subjects were 273 Japanese patients with UC. Clinical remission was defined as absence of both abnormally high stool frequency (< 3 per day) and rectal bleeding. Mucosal healing (MH) was defined as Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) 0. Moderate to severe endoscopic activity was defined as MES 2–3. Subjects were divided according to CAR into tertiles (low, moderate, and high).

Results
The proportions of patients with clinical remission, MH, and moderate to severe endoscopic activity were 57.9%, 26.0%, and 37.0%, respectively. High CAR was significantly positively associated with moderate to severe endoscopic activity but not MH or clinical remission after adjustment (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.18 [95% confidence interval (CI) (1.11–4.35)], p for trend 0.023), but only in patients with long disease duration (> 7 years) (adjusted OR 2.95 [95% CI (1.06–8.79)], p for trend 0.023). CAR was not associated with clinical remission or MH.

Conclusions
CAR may be significantly positively associated with moderate to severe endoscopic activity but not clinical remission or MH in Japanese patients with UC. In patients with long UC duration, CAR might be a useful serum marker for disease activity.