bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological characterization of cold-adapted SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Faizuloev E. B. , Korchevaya E. R. , Gracheva A. A. , Samoilikov R. V. , Smirnova D. I. , Sokolova O. S. , Glukhov G. S. , Moiseenko A. V. , Leneva I. A. , Nagieva F. G. , Svitich O. A. , Zverev V. Z. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The emergence of new epidemiologically significant variants of SARS-CoV-2 has shifted emphasis to development of a live vaccine, which would be able to provide protection against a wide range of antigenic variants of the virus. The aim of the study was to obtain SARS-CoV-2 variants attenuated through cold adaptation and to provide their biological characterization.Materials and methods. The Dubrovka laboratory strain of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants were cultured on Vero and Calu-3 cells. The virus quantification was performed by virus titration in Vero cells and by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. SARS-CoV-2 virions were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. Genome sequences of the virus were identified by nanopore sequencing. The attenuation (att) phenotype of SARS-CoV-2 variants was identified using Syrian hamsters as an animal model for COVID-19. Results. Cold-adapted (ca) SARS-CoV-2 variants – Dubrovka-ca-B4 and Dubrovka-ca-D2 were produced by continued passaging of the Dubrovka strain in the Vero cell culture at the temperature being gradually decreased to 23ºC and by subsequent cloning. Up to 20 nucleotide substitutions and 18 amino acid substitutions were detected in genomes of ca-variants. Ca-variants, as distinct from the parent Dubrovka strain, actively replicated at 23ºC, while the Dubrovka-ca-D2 variant had a temperature-sensitive (ts) phenotype (did not replicate at 39ºC). Ca-variants of the virus replicated poorly at 37ºC in the Calu-3 human lung cell culture, which, along with the ts-phenotype, can be a marker of virus attenuation for humans. In the intranasally infected Syrian hamsters, ca-variants of the virus demonstrated an attenuation phenotype: they did not cause loss of appetite, fatigue, drowsiness, did not slow down weight gain, replicating much more slowly in the lungs and brain compared to the virulent Dubrovka strain. Conclusion. The obtained attenuated SARS-CoV-2 ca-variants, Dubrovka-ca-B4 and Dubrovka-ca-D2, should be studied further as candidate vaccine strains for a live attenuated vaccine against COVID-19.
Maurice Hauriou’s Theory of the Institution: Legal Institutionalism and the Science of the State
Authors: Węgliński Cezary 
Published: September 2022

The aim of this paper aims is to reconstruct the original context, the characteristics and the main assumptions of M. Hauriou’s theory of the institution as one of the most coherent and comprehensive examples of legal institutionalism. By means of critical source analysis, the paper presents the basic elements of the notion of the institution together with its ontological and epistemological assumptions concerning both the very concept of law and legal methodology. The second part of the paper presents the critical approach expressed in Hauriou’s theory towards some core concepts of public and constitutional law by opposition to traditional, normativist and positivist approaches to constitutionalism. Hauriou’s work, despite its importance as indirect inspiration for contemporary doctrines of constitutional pluralism, is nowadays barely present in European legal science discourse. The last part of the paper is therefore dedicated to some closing remarks on current relevance of the theory of the institution with particular focus on the challenges of increasing pluralism of legal orders.
A robust Bayesian test for identifying context effects in multiattribute decision-making
Authors: Katsimpokis Dimitris , Fontanesi Laura , Rieskamp Jörg 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResearch on multiattribute decision-making has repeatedly shown that people’s preferences for options depend on the set of other options they are presented with, that is, the choice context. As a result, recent years have seen the development of a number of psychological theories explaining context effects. However, much less attention has been given to the statistical analyses of context effects. Traditionally, context effects are measured as a change in preference for a target option across two different choice sets (the so-called relative choice share of the target, or RST). We first show that the frequently used definition of the RST measure has some weaknesses and should be replaced by a more appropriate definition that we provide. We then show through a large-scale simulation that the RST measure as previously defined can lead to biased inferences. As an alternative, we suggest a Bayesian approach to estimating an accurate RST measure that is robust to various circumstances. We applied the two approaches to the data of five published studies (total participants, N = 738), some of which used the biased approach. Additionally, we introduce the absolute choice share of the target (or AST) as the appropriate measure for the attraction effect. Our approach is an example of evaluating and proposing proper statistical tests for axiomatic principles of decision-making. After applying the AST and the robust RST to published studies, we found qualitatively different results in at least one-fourth of the cases. These results highlight the importance of utilizing robust statistical tests as a foundation for the development of new psychological theories.
Object memory is multisensory: Task-irrelevant sounds improve recollection
Authors: Duarte Shea E. , Ghetti Simona , Geng Joy J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHearing a task-irrelevant sound during object encoding can improve visual recognition memory when the sound is object-congruent (e.g., a dog and a bark). However, previous studies have only used binary old/new memory tests, which do not distinguish between recognition based on the recollection of details about the studied event or stimulus familiarity. In the present research, we hypothesized that hearing a task-irrelevant but semantically congruent natural sound at encoding would facilitate the formation of richer memory representations, resulting in increased recollection of details of the encoded event. Experiment 1 replicates previous studies showing that participants were more confident about their memory for items that were initially encoded with a congruent sound compared to an incongruent sound. Experiment 2 suggests that congruent object-sound pairings specifically facilitate recollection and not familiarity-based recognition memory, and Experiment 3 demonstrates that this effect was coupled with more accurate memory for audiovisual congruency of the item and sound from encoding rather than another aspect of the episode. These results suggest that even when congruent sounds are task-irrelevant, they promote formation of multisensory memories and subsequent recollection-based retention. Given the ubiquity of encounters with multisensory objects in our everyday lives, considering their impact on episodic memory is integral to building models of memory that apply to naturalistic settings.
Evaluation of the Mediator Role of Burnout in the Relationship between Caring Behaviors and Self-Efficacy Perceptions in Surgical Nurses
Authors: UZUN ŞAHİN Ceyda , ŞİMŞEK Perihan 
Published: September 2022

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the mediator role of burnout in the relationship between caring behaviors and self-efficacy in surgical nurses.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted with 205 surgical nurses. The data were collected using the Caring Behaviors Inventory, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Scale.
Results: A significant positive correlation was found between caring behaviors and self-efficacy scale scores (correlation coefficients ranged between 0.345-0.403; p
Gebelerin Kendilerini Algılama Durumları ve Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: ERSANLI KAYA Candan , ATASEVER Zeynep 
Published: September 2022

Bu araştırma gebelerin kendilerini algılama durumları ile annelik ve beden algısı üzerinde etkili bireysel, sosyodemografik, obstetrik özelliklerin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki araştırmaya kadın hastalıkları ve doğum polikliniğine başvuran 305 gebe dahil edilmiştir. Veriler tanıtıcı bilgi formu ve Gebelerin Kendilerini Algılama Ölçeği kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, yüzdelik hesaplamaları, ortalama ve standart sapma, Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal-Wallis testi ve Spearman korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır.
Gebelerin evlilik yaşı, evlilik süresi, hem kendisinin hem de eşinin eğitim düzeyi, mesleği, aile tipi, evlenme şekli, eşi ile olan ilişkisi, gebelik sayısı, bebeğinin cinsiyetinden memnun olma durumu, düşük, ölü doğum, sağlık sorunu varlığı, düzenli kontrole gitme durumu, desteğinin olup olmaması, gebelikteki beden kitle indeksi (BKİ)’si annelik algısını etkileyen faktörlerdir. Beden algısını etkileyen faktörler ise; yaşadığı yer, eş eğitim düzeyi, eş mesleği, bebek cinsiyeti, kiloyu sorun olarak görme, değişen/değişecek olan beden imajının olumsuz olarak algılanması olarak belirlenmiştir.
Gebeliğe ait annelik algısı puan ortalaması 27,02±2,00 ve gebeliğe ait beden algısı puan ortalaması 7,54±3,19 olarak bulunmuştur. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, gebelerin annelik algısının ve beden algısının olumlu yönde olduğunu göstermektedir.
Can ultrasound probes and coupling gel in gynaecology and obstetrics clinics be the origin of capable bacterial infections? A tertiary care hospital experience
Authors: AKGÜN Nilufer , KEVSER Aybüke , YAĞCI Serap , ATAMAN HATİPOGLU Cigdem , USTUN Yusuf 
Published: September 2022

Background: The aim was to evaluate the bacterial contamination rate of ultrasound probes and gels and the associated nosocomial infection risk. In this way, we aimed to assess whether our ultrasound probe disinfection protocols were effective in reducing the risk of hospital-wide infection.
Material and Methods: Forty-eight swab samples were collected from the surfaces of transabdominal (TAP) and transvaginal ultrasound (TVP) probes and adhered to gel bottles, which were then cultured in the microbiology laboratory. In comparison, bacterial contamination of gynecology room door handles (12 swab cultures) was analyzed. These measurements were repeated every week for one month, so that each probe was cultured four times during the study period.
Results: Non-pathogenic microorganisms (Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. hominis, S. haemolyticus, S. lugdunensis, Corynebacterium amycolatum, C. aurimucosum) common in human skin flora and the environment and two notable pathogens (Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli) were isolated from the probe cultures. Non-pathogenic organisms (S. epidermidis, S. cohnii) were isolated from gel cultures. Also, no significant differences were also found between groups in contamination rates during various patient examinations and emergencies (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Bacterial contamination was found on ultrasound probes/gels in our department. Although the majority were non-pathogenic microorganisms, two pathogenic microorganisms were also identified. Hospital staff should remember that ultrasound probes can be a tool for bacterial infection and can lead to infectious complications. Decontamination of probes with dry, nonsterile paper towels is a cheap, simple, and effective method that does not damage the device and can also reduce bacterial exposure.
Pemberdayaan UMKM Pengrajin Genteng Tanah Liat Di Desa Pejaten, Kediri-Tabanan, Bali
Authors: WULANDARI I Gusti Ayu Athina , PRILIANDANI Ni Made Intan 
Published: September 2022

Atap merupakan bagian terpenting dari sebuah rumah karena atap melindungi pemilik rumah dari sinar matahari dan hujan. Banyak cara untuk membuat atap rumah yaitu salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan genteng. Genteng terbuat dari berbagai macam material salah satunya adalah tanah liat. Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya usaha genteng di Pejaten yang merupakan suatu usaha turun temurun yang sejatinya memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi destinasi wisata alternatif. Genteng khas pejaten dikenal sampai masyarakat luar Bali. Program Kemitraan Masyarakat merupakan suatu wadah untuk membantu mitra dalam mengembangkan usahanya. Tujuan program kemitraan masyarakat ini adalah membantu mitra dalam membuat pembukuan atau catatan terkait dengan transaksi pendapatan, pengeluaran, dan biaya produksi, harga pokok produksi, sehingga mitra mengetahui secara pasti laba dan rugi usaha. Selain itu juga mitra juga mampu memahami tata kelola perusahaan terutama dalam hal menetukan strategi produksi dan pemasaran. Tujuan selanjutnya adalah mitra memiliki sistem pemasaran yang baik.
Pelatihan Dasar Pelaporan Keuangan Dan Aspek Perpajakan Pada Usaha Mikro Di Wilayah Desa Kesiman
Authors: NIDA Desak Rurik Pradnya Paramitha , YOGA I Gusti Agung Prama , ADYATMA I Wayan Chandra 
Published: September 2022

Pelaksanaan PkM ini sangat penting dan masyarakat butuhkan, dalam hal pendampingan pelaporan SPT orang pribadi serta penyuluhan mengenai dasar perpajakan yang diperlukan. Terkait kewajiaban NPWP yang mereka telah miliki maupun peluang pajak yang akan terhutang atau harus mereka perhatikan saat mereka mendapatkan penghasilan dari hasil usahanya yang baru (wiraswata/pedagang). PkM ini melibatkan masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah kesiman khususnya warga Banjar Kesuma Jati kesiman, sekaligus menjadi tempat pelaksanaan kegiatan. Namun, kegiatan ini juga terbuka untuk warga lain yang ingin mengikuti kegiatan PkM ini. Tidak hanya itu, tim pelaksanaan PkM yang terdiri dari 2 (dua) Dosen Sekolah Vokasi dan 1 (satu) Dosen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Warmadewa juga dibantu oleh ibu-ibu anggota PKK Banjar Kesuma Jati dalam menghimpun masyarakat mengikuti pelatihan. Tujuan pelaksanaan PkM ini adalah membantu mitra dalam menuntaskan permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam melakukan administrasi perpajakan dengan benar, serta menanamkan pentingnya penyusunan laporan keuangan terkait usaha yang dijalankan.
Tying Spitzer’s IRS Calibration to IRAC: Observations of IRS Standard Stars
Authors: Kraemer Kathleen E. , Engelke Charles W. , Renger Bailey A. , Sloan G. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We present 3.6 and 4.5 μm photometry for a set of 61 standard stars observed by Spitzer’s Infrared Spectrograph (IRS). The photometry was obtained with the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on Spitzer in order to help tie the calibration of IRAC and the IRS, which had been anchored to the calibration of the Multiband Infrared Photometer for Spitzer. The wavelength range of the IRS data only slightly overlaps with the IRAC 4.5 μm band and not at all with the 3.6 μm band. Therefore, we generated synthetic spectra from spectral templates of stars with the same spectral types and luminosity classes as our sample stars, normalized to the IRS data at 6–7 μm, and compared those to the observed photometry. The new IRAC observations of IRS standard stars demonstrate that the two instruments are calibrated to within 1% of each other.
Sensitive Multibeam Targeted SETI Observations toward 33 Exoplanet Systems with FAST
Authors: Tao Zhen-Zhao , Zhao Hai-Chen , Zhang Tong-Jie , Gajjar Vishal , Zhu Yan , Yue You-Ling , Zhang Hai-Yan , Liu Wen-Fei , Li Shi-Yu , Zhang Jian-Chen , Liu Cong , Wang Hong-Feng , Duan Ran , Qian Lei , Jin Cheng-Jin , Li Di , Siemion Andrew , Jiang Peng , Werthimer Dan , Cobb Jeff , Korpela Eric , Anderson David P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
As a major approach to looking for life beyond the Earth, the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) is committed to searching for technosignatures such as engineered radio signals that are indicative of technologically capable life. In this paper, we report a targeted SETI campaign employing an observation strategy named multibeam coincidence matching at the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope toward 33 known exoplanet systems, searching for ETI narrowband drifting signals across 1.05–1.45 GHz in two orthogonal linear polarization directions separately. A signal at 1140.604 MHz detected from the observation toward Kepler-438 originally piqued our interest because its features are roughly consistent with assumed ETI technosignatures. However, evidences such as its polarization characteristics are able to eliminate the possibility of an extraterrestrial origin. Our observations achieve an unprecedented sensitivity because the minimum equivalent isotropic radiated power we are able to detect reaches 1.48 × 109 W.
A Clear View of a Cloudy Brown Dwarf Companion from High-resolution Spectroscopy
Authors: Xuan Jerry W. , Wang Jason , Ruffio Jean-Baptiste , Knutson Heather , Mawet Dimitri , Mollière Paul , Kolecki Jared , Vigan Arthur , Mukherjee Sagnick , Wallack Nicole , Wang Ji , Baker Ashley , Bartos Randall , Blake Geoffrey A. , Bond Charlotte Z. , Bryan Marta , Calvin Benjamin , Cetre Sylvain , Chun Mark , Delorme Jacques-Robert , Doppmann Greg , Echeverri Daniel , Finnerty Luke , Fitzgerald Michael P. , Horstman Katelyn , Inglis Julie , Jovanovic Nemanja , López Ronald , Martin Emily C. , Morris Evan , Pezzato Jacklyn , Ragland Sam , Ren Bin , Ruane Garreth , Sappey Ben , Schofield Tobias , Skemer Andrew , Venenciano Taylor , Wallace J. Kent , Wizinowich Peter 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Direct imaging studies have mainly used low-resolution spectroscopy (R ∼ 20–100) to study the atmospheres of giant exoplanets and brown dwarf companions, but the presence of clouds has often led to degeneracies in the retrieved atmospheric abundances (e.g., carbon-to-oxygen ratio, metallicity). This precludes clear insights into the formation mechanisms of these companions. The Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) uses adaptive optics and single-mode fibers to transport light into NIRSPEC (R ∼ 35,000 in the K band), and aims to address these challenges with high-resolution spectroscopy. Using an atmospheric retrieval framework based on petitRADTRANS, we analyze the KPIC high-resolution spectrum (2.29–2.49 μm) and the archival low-resolution spectrum (1–2.2 μm) of the benchmark brown dwarf HD 4747 B (m = 67.2 ± 1.8 M
Jup, a = 10.0 ± 0.2 au, T
eff ≈ 1400 K). We find that our measured C/O and metallicity for the companion from the KPIC high-resolution spectrum agree with those of its host star within 1σ–2σ. The retrieved parameters from the K-band high-resolution spectrum are also independent of our choice of cloud model. In contrast, the retrieved parameters from the low-resolution spectrum are highly sensitive to our chosen cloud model. Finally, we detect CO, H2O, and CH4 (volume-mixing ratio of log(CH4) = −4.82 ± 0.23) in this L/T transition companion with the KPIC data. The relative molecular abundances allow us to constrain the degree of chemical disequilibrium in the atmosphere of HD 4747 B, and infer a vertical diffusion coefficient that is at the upper limit predicted from mixing length theory.
Migration Traps as the Root Cause of the Kepler Dichotomy
Authors: Zawadzki Brianna , Carrera Daniel , Ford Eric B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
It is often assumed that the “Kepler dichotomy”—the apparent excess of planetary systems with a single detected transiting planet in the Kepler catalog—reflects an intrinsic bimodality in the mutual inclinations of planetary orbits. After conducting 600 simulations of planet formation followed by simulated Kepler observations, we instead propose that the apparent dichotomy reflects a divergence in the amount of migration and the separation of planetary semimajor axes into distinct “clusters.” We find that our simulated high-mass systems migrate rapidly, bringing more planets into orbital periods of less than 200 days. The outer planets are often caught in a migration trap—a range of planet masses and locations in which a dominant corotation torque prevents inward migration—which splits the system into two clusters. If clusters are sufficiently separated, the inner cluster remains dynamically cold, leading to low mutual inclinations and a higher probability of detecting multiple transiting planets. Conversely, our simulated low-mass systems typically bring fewer planets within 200 days, forming a single cluster that quickly becomes dynamically unstable, leading to collisions and high mutual inclinations. We propose an alternative explanation for the apparent Kepler dichotomy in which migration traps during formation lead to fewer planets within the Kepler detection window, and where mutual inclinations play only a secondary role. If our scenario is correct, then Kepler’s Systems with Tightly packed Inner Planets are a sample of planets that escaped capture by corotation traps, and their sizes may be a valuable probe into the structure of protoplanetary disks.
First Laboratory Measurement of Magnetic-field-induced Transition Effect in Fe x at Different Magnetic Fields
Authors: Xu Guoqin , Yan Chenglong , Lu Qifeng , Tang Zhiming , Yang Yang , Li Wenxian , Ma Shaokun , Zhao Zihang , Huang Shihan , Song Liudi , Si Ran , Chen Chongyang , Bai Xianyong , Tian Hui , Xiao Jun , Hutton Roger , Zou Yaming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The magnetic field is extremely important for understanding the properties of the solar corona. However, there are still difficulties in the direct measurement of the coronal magnetic field. The magnetic-field-induced transition (MIT) in Fe x, appearing in coronal spectra, was discovered to have prospective applications in coronal magnetic field measurements. In this work, we obtained the extreme ultraviolet spectra of Fe x in the wavelength range of 174–267 Å in the Shanghai High-temperature Superconducting Electron Beam Ion Trap, and examined the effect of MIT in Fe x by measuring the line ratios between 257.262 Å and the reference line of 226.31 Å (257/226) at different magnetic field strengths for the first time. The electron density that may affect the 257/226 value was also obtained experimentally and verified by comparing the density-sensitive line ratio (175.266 Å/174.534 Å) measurements with the theoretical predictions, and there was good agreement between them. The energy separation between the two levels of 3s23p43d 4
D
5/2 and 3s23p43d 4
D
7/2, one of the most critical parameters for determining the MIT rate, was obtained by analyzing the simulated line ratios of 257/226 with the experimental values at the given electron densities and magnetic fields. Possible reasons that may have led to the difference between the obtained energy splitting and the recommended value in previous works are discussed. Magnetic field response curves for the 257/226 value were calculated and compared to the experimental results, which is necessary for future MIT diagnostics.
Accurate Distances of Massive Young Stars in the Scutum Spiral Arm
Authors: Li J. J. , Immer K. , Reid M. J. , Sanna A. , Rygl K. L. J. , Xu Y. , Zhang B. , Brunthaler A. , Menten K. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
As part of the BeSSeL Survey, we have used the Very Long Baseline Array to measure 16 trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions of molecular masers associated with 14 high-mass star-forming regions in the Scutum arm in the first quadrant of the Milky Way. This increases the number of maser sources with accurate distances in this arm to 42. The Scutum arm can now be traced over a length of ≈8 kpc and spanning ≈100° of Galactic azimuth. We find that the large inward peculiar motions noted by Immer et al. are concentrated near the end of the Galactic bar, while away from the bar modest peculiar motions more typical of spiral arms are seen, strengthening the suggestion that the large motions are induced by the bar.