bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed evidence of a commensal relationship between a rare epiphytic orchid and cohabiting bryophytes
Authors: Crain Benjamin J , Sánchez-Cuervo Ana María , Deren Victoria 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe co-occurrence of orchids and bryophytes at occupied sites on host trees has been documented on several occasions, particularly in the tropics, and it may represent an important symbiotic relationship that supports epiphytic orchid populations. Despite continuing interest from ecologists, the specific life history traits that are affected by associations of orchids with bryophytes, and how they are affected, remain unclear. Clarifying the nature of the association will improve our understanding of orchid ecology and have practical implications for applied conservation efforts, particularly for rare species in restricted habitats. In this study, we explored the relationship between the abundance of bryophyte cover on host trees and various life history traits related to size, survival and reproduction of a rare tropical epiphytic orchid, Lepanthes caritensis. The results demonstrated that bryophyte abundance on host trees had variable effects on individual aspects of an orchid’s life history. Orchid recruitment was positively correlated with the abundance of bryophyte cover, but survival and flower production were negatively correlated with bryophyte abundance. Our findings revealed that an apparent commensal symbiotic relationship between L. caritensis and bryophytes exists at the recruitment stage, but this is lost during later life stages, when the abundance of bryophytes appears to negatively affect this species.
Testing for quantile sample selection
Authors: Corradi Valentina , Gutknecht Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Summary
This paper provides distribution free tests for detecting sample selection in conditional quantile functions. The first test is an omitted predictor test with the propensity score as the omitted variable. In the case of rejection we cannot distinguish between rejection due to genuine selection or to misspecification. Thus, we suggest a second test using only individuals with propensity score close to one. The latter relies on an ‘identification at infinity’ argument, but accommodates cases of irregular identification, and neither of the two tests requires a continuous exclusion restriction. We apply our procedure to test for selection in log hourly wages using UK survey data and derive an extension of the tests to the conditional mean.
Evobiopsychosocial medicine
Authors: Hunt Adam D , St-John Smith Paul , Abed Riadh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe biopsychosocial model remains the de facto framework of current healthcare, but lacks causational depth, scientific rigour, or any recognition of the importance of evolutionary theory for understanding health and disease. In this article it is updated to integrate Tinbergen’s four questions with the three biopsychosocial levels. This ‘evobiopsychosocial’ schema provides a more complete framework for understanding causation of medical conditions. Its application is exemplified by tabulating depression, rheumatoid arthritis and COVID-19 within its format, which highlights the direct research and practical applications uniquely offered by evolutionary medicine. An evobiopsychosocial framework can serve as a useful tool to introduce evolutionary concepts into mainstream medicine by highlighting the broad and specific contributions of evolutionary analysis to researching, treating and preventing health conditions, providing a suitable next step for the mainstream model of medicine.
Impact of a heart failure nurse practitioner service on rehospitalizations, emergency presentations, and survival in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure
Authors: Driscoll Andrea , Meagher Sharon , Kennedy Rhoda , Hare David L , Johnson Douglas F , Asker Kristina , Farouque Omar , Romaniuk Helena , Orellana Liliana 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
Heart failure nurse practitioners (HF NPs) are an emerging component of the heart failure (HF) specialist workforce but their impact in an inpatient setting is untested. The aim of this paper is to explore the impact of an inpatient HF NP service on 12-month all-cause rehospitalizations, emergency department (ED) presentations, and mortality in patients hospitalized with HF compared with usual hospital care.

Methods and results
Retrospective, two-group comparative design involving patients (n = 408) admitted via ED with acute HF to a metropolitan quaternary hospital between January 2013 and August 2017. Doubly robust estimation with augmented inverse probability weighting (DR-AIPW) was used to account for the non-random allocation of patients to usual hospital care or the HF NP service in addition to usual in-hospital care. Among 408 patients (186 usual care and 222 HF NP service) admitted with acute HF, the mean age was 76.5 [standard deviation (SD) 12.0] years and 56.4% (n = 230) were male. After IPW adjustment, patients seen by the HF NP service had a lower risk of 12-month rehospitalization (61.3 vs. 78.3% usual care; difference –16.9%, 95% CI: −26.4%, −6.6%) and ED presentations (12.6 vs. 22.0%; difference –9.4%, 95% CI: –17.3%, –1.4%) with no difference in 6- or 12-month mortality. The HF NP service improved referrals to a home visiting programme that was available to HF patients (64.4 vs. 45.4%; difference 19%, 95% CI: 8.8%, 28.8%).

Conclusion
Additional support by an inpatient HF NP service has the potential to significantly reduce rehospitalizations and ED presentations over 12 months. Further evidence from a multicentre randomized control trial is warranted.
Thioredoxin h2 inhibits the MPKK5-MPK3 cascade to regulate the CBF–COR signaling pathway in Citrullus lanatus suffering chilling stress
Authors: Xu Anqi , Wei Nannan , Hu Hao , Zhou Shu , Huang Yuan , Kong Qiusheng , Bie Zhilong , Nie Wen-Feng , Cheng Fei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Thioredoxins (TRXs) are ubiquitous oxidoreductases and present as a multigenic family. TRXs determine the thiol redox balance, which is crucial for plants in the response to cold stress. However, limited knowledge is available about the role of TRXs in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), which is highly sensitive to chilling stress in agricultural practice. Here, we identified 18 genes encoding 14 typical and 4 atypical TRXs from the watermelon genome, and found that ClTRX h2 localized at the plasma membrane was largely induced by chilling. Virus-induced gene silencing of ClTRX h2 resulted in watermelon plants that were more sensitive to chilling stress. We further found that ClTRX h2 physically interacted with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 (ClMPKK5), which was confirmed to phosphorylate and activate ClMPK3 in vitro, and the activation of ClMPK3 by ClMPKK5 was blocked by a point mutation of the Cys-229 residue to Ser in ClMPKK5. Additionally, ClTRX h2 inhibited the chilling-induced activation of ClMPK3, suggesting that the ClMPKK5–ClMPK3 cascade is regulated in a redox-dependent manner. We showed that ClMPK3-silenced plants had increased tolerance to chilling, as well as enhanced transcript abundances of the C-repeat/DREB binding factor (ClCBF) and cold-responsive (ClCOR) genes. Taken together, our results indicate that redox status mediated by ClTRX h2 inhibits ClMPK3 phosphorylation through the interaction between ClTRX h2 and ClMPKK5, which subsequently regulates the CBF–COR signaling pathway when submitted to chilling stress. Hence, our results provide a link between thiol redox balance and MAPK cascade signaling, revealing a conceptual framework to understand how TRX regulates chilling stress tolerance in watermelon.
Combined effects of temperature and humidity on the interaction between tomato and Botrytis cinerea revealed by integration of histological characteristics and transcriptome sequencing
Authors: Li Tianzhu , Zhou Jie , Li Jianming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The environment significantly impacts the interaction between plants and pathogens, thus remarkably affecting crop disease occurrence. However, the detailed combined mechanisms of temperature and humidity influencing this interaction remain unclear. In this study, the interaction between tomato and Botrytis cinerea in various temperature and humidity conditions was analyzed by histological observation and a dual RNA-seq approach. Results showed that low humidity was not favorable for mycelial growth, resulting in infection failure. Both high and low temperatures at high humidity successfully inhibited pathogenic infection and disease incidence in the tomato plants, thus enhancing their resistance to B. cinerea. The high temperature and high humidity (HH) treatment induced the upregulation of light reaction genes, increased the net photosynthetic rate, and expanded the chloroplast morphology of infected tomatoes. The HH treatment also inhibited the expression of cell cycle-related genes of B. cinerea, interfered with conidial germination and mycelial growth, and damaged mycelial cell structure. Low temperature and high humidity (LH) treatment induced the expression of cell wall modification genes and remodeled the cell wall morphology of tomatoes in response to B. cinerea. In addition, the downregulated fungal catabolic genes and the abnormal increase in electron density of mycelial cells under LH treatment subsequently reduced the infection ability of B. cinerea. These results further explain the coupled effects of temperature and humidity on plant defenses and pathogen virulence, and provide a potential means to control gray mold.
Advances in sequencing and key character analysis of mango (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Song Miaoyu , Wang Haomiao , Fan Zhiyi , Huang Hantang , Ma Huiqin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important fruit crop in tropical and subtropical countries associated with many agronomic and horticultural problems, such as susceptibility to pathogens, including powdery mildew and anthracnose, poor yield and quality, and short shelf life. Conventional breeding techniques exhibit significant limitations in improving mango quality due to the characteristics of long ripening, self-incompatibility, and high genetic heterozygosity. In recent years, much emphasis has been placed on identification of key genes controlling a certain trait through genomic association analysis and directly breeding new varieties through transgene or genotype selection of offspring. This paper reviews the latest research progress on the genome and transcriptome sequencing of mango fruit. The rapid development of genome sequencing and bioinformatics provides effective strategies for identifying, labeling, cloning, and manipulating many genes related to economically important traits. Preliminary verification of the functions of mango genes has been conducted, including genes related to flowering regulation, fruit development, and polyphenol biosynthesis. Importantly, modern biotechnology can refine existing mango varieties to meet the market demand with high economic benefits.
Model-informed Precision Dosing for Biologics Is Now Available at the Bedside for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Colman Ruben J , Samuels Abigail , Mizuno Tomoyuki , Punt Nieko , Vinks Alexander A , Minar Phillip 
Published: November 2022

Lay Summary
It is increasingly recognized that inconsistent biologic therapeutic response is related to pharmacokinetic variability (drug clearance) between patients. This study highlights a multidisciplinary effort to integrate a precision dosing dashboard within the electronic health record to individualize biologic exposure starting and during induction.
Community pharmacists’ attitudes towards, and experiences of, providing medication reviews after hospital discharge: a questionnaire survey
Authors: Veeren Jennifer C , Rogers Philip J , Taylor Andrea D J , Weiss Marjorie C 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the attitudes and experiences of community pharmacists providing medicines-use review (MUR) and post-discharge medicines-use review (PD-MUR) services.

Methods
An online survey for community pharmacists who had experience providing the MUR service.

Key findings
In total, 495 community pharmacists responded to the survey. A total of 89% (n = 382) of community pharmacists wanted to receive the patient’s full discharge summary and 79% (n = 363) preferred electronic communication. Community pharmacists thought they could build trusted relationships with patients and felt that patients were willing to discuss post-discharge medicines-related issues with them. Less experienced pharmacists conducted more MURs than more experienced pharmacists (P = 0.004), and pharmacists working in large multiples (&gt;50 pharmacies) conducted more MURs than those working in independent pharmacies (&lt;5 pharmacies) (P = 0.001). Community pharmacists working in independent pharmacies conducted more PD-MURs than those working in large multiples (P = 0.004). Community pharmacists working in rural areas also thought they were best placed to provide PD-MURs while those working in urban areas thought that practice pharmacists were best suited to provide this service (P = 0.007).

Conclusions
Community pharmacists believe they have a vital role in supporting patients after hospital discharge. They can build long-lasting, trusted relationships with patients and patients are willing to discuss medication issues with them. By providing community pharmacists in all locations with timely access to accurate discharge information, they could use their knowledge and skills to better support patients after hospital discharge.
Fighting cheapfakes: using a digital media literacy intervention to motivate reverse search of out-of-context visual misinformation
Authors: Qian Sijia , Shen Cuihua , Zhang Jingwen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
As a significant source of misinformation, out-of-context visual misinformation refers to visuals presented in an unrelated context. This study explores whether a digital media literacy intervention that features reverse image search tools has significant effects on participants’ message credibility judgment, discernment of visual misinformation, and intention of using reverse image search tools. Data were collected from a pre-registered, web-based, between-subjects experiment (N = 905). Results revealed a significant difference on intention of using reverse search tools among three experimental conditions: active intervention that involved both knowledge and behavior, passive intervention that involved knowledge only, and a control condition. Specifically, active intervention significantly increased intention of using reverse search tools, compared to the passive intervention and the control. Neither active nor passive intervention had an effect on credibility judgment or misinformation discernment. We discuss the implications for future digital media intervention designs and journalism practice that aim to combat visual misinformation.
Laparoscopic Ladd’s procedure: a case report and review of the literature on patient selection for an appropriate surgical approach
Authors: Li Jia Xi Julian , Lim Ranah , Muhlmann Mark Damien 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Intestinal malrotation is a rare condition which is managed surgically with the Ladd’s procedure. We report a case of an adult male presenting with symptomatic intestinal malrotation which was successfully treated with a laparoscopic Ladd’s procedure. While traditionally performed with a laparotomy, the case highlights the emerging evidence in the literature supporting the laparoscopic approach and explores factors affecting patient selection for an appropriate surgical approach.
Tropical cyclones: what are their impacts on phytoplankton ecology?
Authors: Thompson Peter A , Paerl Hans W , Campbell Lisa , Yin Kedong , McDonald Karlie S 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFollowing the passage of a tropical cyclone (TC) the changes in temperature, salinity, nutrient concentration, water clarity, pigments and phytoplankton taxa were assessed at 42 stations from eight sites ranging from the open ocean, through the coastal zone and into estuaries. The impacts of the TC were estimated relative to the long-term average (LTA) conditions as well as before and after the TC. Over all sites the most consistent environmental impacts associated with TCs were an average 41% increase in turbidity, a 13% decline in salinity and a 2% decline in temperature relative to the LTA. In the open ocean, the nutrient concentrations, cyanobacteria and picoeukaryote abundances increased at depths between 100 and 150 m for up to 3 months following a TC. While at the riverine end of coastal estuaries, the predominate short-term response was a strong decline in salinity and phytoplankton suggesting these impacts were initially dominated by advection. The more intermediate coastal water-bodies generally experienced declines in salinity, significant reductions in water clarity, plus significant increases in nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton abundance. These intermediate waters typically developed dinoflagellate, diatom or cryptophyte blooms that elevated phytoplankton biomass for 1–3 months following a TC.
Using teledermatology to prevent and diagnose skin cancer in the rural United States
Authors: Benedit Veronica , Aycock Mallory M. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
In the United States, skin cancer is a prevalent and sometimes preventable form of cancer that causes a significant disease burden in rural and urban communities. Studies have shown, however, that rural residents are less likely to engage in primary prevention behaviors against skin cancer, and rural populations have higher skin cancer incidence and mortality than urban residents. Teledermatology can be used to address disparities in both skin cancer diagnosis and health education to improve dermatology outcomes in rural communities. This article reviews teledermatology formats, barriers, and benefits to encourage integration of teledermatology modalities into clinical practice.
PAs in Myanmar
Authors: Brown Gina R. , Blue Zu Zae Nar 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Myanmar might be the most recent country to graduate its first class of physician assistants (PAs). The country has a history of medics serving in underserved areas, but graduated its first six PAs in 2020, after a 5-year training program. These clinicians will care for a largely rural population, who live in areas of unreliable infrastructure and security. The PA profession in Myanmar aims to reduce maternal mortality, graduate 75 PAs by 2029, and improve access to healthcare in remote regions.
Dual antiplatelet therapy for minor ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack
Authors: Miller Blake , Shealy Kayce M. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Traditional preventive management of patients suffering from a minor ischemic stroke and/or transient ischemic attack indicated dual antiplatelet agents for 90 days. Newer clinical trial data suggest that therapeutic effectiveness is reached much sooner than previous guideline recommendations. Continued use of dual antiplatelet therapy beyond newly studied durations of efficacy has shown an increased risk in hemorrhagic complications with little to no additional preventive benefit. This article highlights newer trial data and recognizes a significant change in therapeutic management for patients suffering a minor ischemic stroke and/or transient ischemic attack.
A curious case of ovarian cysts
Authors: Hodges Rebecca , Watkins Elyse 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Benign mature cystic teratomas are a form of ovarian germ cell tumor that originates from primordial germ cells in the ovaries. Of the three types of teratoma neoplasms, benign mature cystic teratomas (also called dermoid cysts) are the most common. Patients may present with intermittent abdominal or pelvic pain, abdominal enlargement, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, or may be asymptomatic. Clinicians should have a high suspicion for benign mature cystic teratomas, which account for more than 20% of all ovarian neoplasms. This article focuses on the clinical symptoms, ovarian growth characteristics, pathophysiology, potential complications, management options, and recurrence of benign mature cystic teratomas.
Utility of the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs Recommendation and Referral Report for Substance Use Diagnosis, Treatment Planning, and Placement
Authors: Welsh Justine W. , Sitar Siara I. , Dennis Michael L. 
Published: November 2022

Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the utility of the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs Recommendation and Referral Report (GRRS) as guided by American Psychiatric Association diagnosis criteria and American Society of Addiction Medicine guidelines for treatment planning and placement.

Methods
Global Appraisal of Individual Needs data were gathered between March 2018 and June 2020 from a total of 82 agencies and 245 clinicians as part of a program evaluation of agencies receiving public funding through the Mid-State Health Network under contract with the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services and the Office of Recovery Oriented Systems of Care. Of the 1395 patients 18 years or older, 1027 GRRS reports were produced by clinical staff. κ And ρ analyses were used to measure rates of clinician agreement with the recommendations produced by the GRRS report based on patient interviews.

Results
Clinicians agreed with the GRRS preliminary diagnostic recommendations 88% to 100% of the time, with κ scores indicating excellent agreement by ranging from 0.6 to 0.9. For an average patient, 41 of 46 treatment planning statements generated by the GRRS were used by clinicians, with moderate to high correlation indicated by ρ scores ranging from 0.62 to 0.82. The percent agreement for all American Society of Addiction Medicine dimension ratings was greater than 99%, with κ scores of 0.98 and higher.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the utility and efficiency of the GRRS as a clinical decision support system to support diagnosis, treatment, and placement in routine practice.