bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in water use efficiency and driving forces of the karst vegetation ecosystem in Southwest China
Authors: Shi Xinyu , Bai Shuang , Chen Wei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As the largest contiguous karst area of China, the southwestern karst area is a typical ecologically fragile area affecting local vegetation dynamics. Ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) is an important factor outlining the vegetation’s ability to produce organic matter with a limited water supply. Therefore, it is important to determine WUE variation trends in this ecologically fragile region. In this paper, we used MODIS remote sensing datasets, meteorological data and land cover data to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in vegetation water use efficiency in the southwest karst region from 2001 to 2017. We also further quantitatively analyzed the impact of climate change and human activities on the spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation WUE in the study area. The main conclusions were as follows. (1) From 2001 to 2017, in terms of temporal characteristics, the interannual variation in WUE fluctuated greatly, ranging from 1.33 to 1.51 g C kg-1 H2O, with a multiyear average of 1.43 g C kg-1 H2O and an average rate of change of -0.0046 g C kg-1 H2O yr-1. In terms of spatial characteristics, areas with a higher WUE were concentrated in central Sichuan and northeastern Yunnan. (2) There were also certain differences in the WUE for different vegetation types. The annual average WUE of each vegetation type decreased in the following order: evergreen coniferous forest> evergreen broad-leaved forest> mixed forest> deciduous broad-leaved forest> cultivated land> deciduous coniferous forest> grassland> cultivated land and natural vegetation> shrub forest. (3) The vegetation WUE of 70.66% in this area was positively correlated with temperature. Additionally, 79.68% of the vegetation WUE was negatively correlated with precipitation. The relative contribution rates of climate change and human activities to the change trend in WUE were 15% and 85%, respectively. These results provide scientific support for local vegetation restoration and protection policies.
A Digital SIW-Slot Antenna Array
Authors: Li Haitao , Li Shanshan , Hou Bo , Zhang Xianli , Wen Weijia , Hu Chuandeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The future satellite platform and 5G communication systems place high demands on antennas, in which the antenna should offer low-cost, lightweight, electronically steerable features. In this paper, the design of a digital slot antenna element based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is proposed. The slot antenna element is realized by implementing PIN diodes across the gaps on both sides of the pad in the center of the slot antenna, to provide the switching freedom of the slot antenna element between radiating and non-radiating states. Besides, radial decoupling stubs are introduced into the bias line so as to reduce the leakage of the energy in the SIW structure. Applying a series of on/off states to the diodes produces various radiation patterns, thus wide range scanning is possible supposing that enough array elements are equipped. Finally, a digital SIW-slot array composed of 8 by 4 elements with tunable field programmable gate array (FPGA) circuits are fabricated and measured. The measured results validate the reconfigurable characteristics for the radiation pattern of the proposed digital SIW-slot antenna array without heavy engineering of phase shifter in conventional antenna arrays.
Greenland Monthly Temperature Reconstruction Over The Last 10,000 Years
Authors: Jiang Saiping , Ye Aizhong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Greenland is the biggest island in the world, and the area of snow and ice is the second largest in the world, which is only smaller than Antarctic ice sheet. Studying the temperature change of the island is important for ice sheet melting, especially the summer temperature. In this study, we reconstructed monthly temperature data over past 10,000 years using ice core data, meteorological observation data and European reanalysis data, and linear regression equation– residual correction method was used. And the results are as follows: The temperature of September to May showed a significant increasing trend at the 0.05 level during period 9700 B. C. E. ~ 2019 C.E., and the increasing rate is 0.0017 ~ 0.0058 ℃ every two decades. However, the temperature of June to August showed a significant decreasing trend, and the decreasing rate is -0.0035 ~ -0.0040 ℃ every two decades. The climate change can be divided into four increasing periods, namely, period 9700 B. C. E. ~ 9600 B.C.E, period 9400 B. C. E. ~ 7720 B.C.E, period 6240 B. C. E. ~ 6000 B.C.E, and 1800 C.E. ~ 2019 C.E., and three decreasing periods, namely, period 9600 B. C. E. ~ 9400 B.C.E, period 6340 B. C. E. ~ 6240 B.C.E. and 6000 B.C.E. ~ 1800 C.E., and one stable periods, namely, 7720 B.C.E. ~ 6340 B.C.E. And the differences of temperature change rate of different altitudes of the same period and month is not obvious. And the temperature change rate in Winter is larger than that in Summer. The dataset can provide data basis for the study of Greenland ice sheet mass balance.
High-efficiency Electrochemical Dehydrogenative Coupling Synthesis of S-N/S-S Bonds
Authors: Wang Bo , Zhang Tong , Wang Ruke , Ma Linzheng , Liu Jing , Sun Jifu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The catalytic dehydrogenative coupling of thiols with amines to produce desired sulfenamides and disulfides is an important catalytic reaction in industry. Presented herein is a protocol for the highly efficient electrochemical dehydrogenative coupling of thiols with amines/thiols to form S-N/S-S bonds, enabling the synthesis of S-N/S-S bonds under ambient conditions in the absence of oxidants, acids/bases or toxic (explosive) electrolytes, and the majority of the corresponding products are generated in yields of up to 99%. This protocol is believed to have great potential for industrial application.
Investigation of Rolling Modes, Structure and Properties of Aluminum-Magnesium Alloy Plates With a Reduced Scandium Content
Authors: Sidelnikov Sergey Borisovich , Baranov Vladimir Nikolaevich , Konstantinov Igor Lazarevich , Zenkin Evgeniy Yuryevich , Lopatina Ekaterina Sergeevna , Bezrukikh Aleksandr Innokentyevich , Voroshilov Denis Sergeevich , Yuryev Pavel Olegovich , Mansurov Yulbarskhon Nabievich , Voroshilova Marina Vladimirovna , Belokonova Irina Nikolaevna , Galiev Roman Ilsurovich 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Investigations of the rolling modes of plates from an experimental aluminum-magnesium alloy with a scandium content of 0.10-0.11 wt.%, corresponding to the chemical composition of the 1580 alloy, were carried out in laboratory and industrial conditions. It has been found that alloying of this material with scandium within the indicated limits leads to a significant grain refinement in the cast ingot and an increase in the strength properties of deformed semi-finished products. Based on the results of physical modeling of the rolling process, rational reduction modes are proposed, which made it possible to obtain deformed semi-finished products with the required level of mechanical properties. To assess the formation patterns of the metal structure necessary to obtain high-quality plates, a metallographic analysis of the structure of cast and deformed semi-finished products from an experimental alloy was carried out. The results were used to test the reduction modes during sheet rolling and to adjust the casting parameters of experimental ingots. Based on the results of the research, recommendations were formulated for the development and implementation of an industrial technology for rolling plates from alloy 1580 with a thickness of 31.5-45 mm from ingots with a thickness of 300-450 mm.
Study on machining performance in grinding of Ni-base single crystal superalloy DD5
Authors: Cai Ming , Zhu Tao , Gao Xingjun , Yan Yongfei , Yu Ning , Zeng Lei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Ni-base single crystal superalloy DD5 is commonly employed in critical parts of turbine blades and turbine discs in aeronautical engines. To improve the surface machining quality, single-factor experiments were carried out to investigate the changes of grinding force, surface morphology and chip morphology under different grinding conditions (dry, conventional flood, minimum quantity lubrication). The experiments showed that the conventional flood lubrication and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) could enormously reduce the surface roughness, grinding force, and work-hardened layer thickness of DD5. At the depth of 5~15 μm, the DD5 subsurface microhardness decreased sharply with the increase of depth, and the microhardness under different grinding conditions was in the order of dry grinding, conventional flood, and MQL. However, at the depth of 20~150 μm, the DD5 subsurface microhardness tended to equilibrate and fluctuate around 540 HV. In addition, compared with dry grinding, the degree of chip serration was obvious in flood or MQL environment, and its chip formation frequency fluctuated less and chip formation was stable. Within the experimental parameters, the MQL grinding machining method obtained the lowest surface roughness and the highest surface quality with the lowest associated cost, which is the ideal grinding and cooling lubrication method for the Ni-base single crystal superalloy.
Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus derived from Mandarin fish was pathogenic to Largemouth Bass
Authors: Ning-qiu LI , LIANG Hong-ru , FU Xiao-zhe , Xiao-ting Zhang , Zhi-yi FAN , Qiang LIN , NIU Yin-jie , Xia LUO 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSiniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) is one of the most important causativea gents of fish viral diseases, especially the virulent strains. SCRVcould cause significant loss and damages in the fish breeding industry. However, the pathogenesis of SCRV is unclear.MethodsIn the present study, two SCRV strains (SCRV-QY strain, SCRV-GM strain) derived from Mandarin fish was pathogenic to Largemouth Bass and the pathogenicity was revealed. The viral RNA copy numbers and innate immune activity detected by real-time qRT-PCRThe tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). And the sections of tissue were then examined by light microscope.ResultsBoth of two strains were lethal to Largemouth Bass, which showed obvious clinical symptoms/pathology. The SCRV-GM strain was more virulent than the SCRV-QY strain and had higher mortality. Largemouth Bass infected with the SCRV-GM strain had higher viral RNA copy numbers than those of fishes infected with the SCRV-QY strain in all tissues. The viral RNA copy numbers were higher in the kidney, brain and spleen, which may be the target organ of virus. Additionally, the expression levels of innate immune activity-related genes, including Viperin, IRF-7, IRAK1 and Mx, were slightly up-regulated in the brain on the 7th and 21st day. Moerover, the Mx was slightly up-regulated in the intestine and spleen on the 7th and 21st day.ConclusionsIn the study, the two SCRV strains derived from Mandarin fish was lethal to Largemouth Bass and were characterized by systematic elucidation, which can help to understand the virus and diagnose the associated disease.
The Pattern and Spread of Invasion Can Predict Late Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Kato Koroku , Miyazawa Hiroki , Kobayashi Hisano , Kishikawa Yoshiaki , Funaki Hayato , Noguchi Natsuyo , Ooi Kazuhiro , Kawashiri Shuichi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To determine the predictive indexes of late cervical lymph node metastasis in early tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 25 patients with stage I/II TSCC who had undergone surgical treatment without elective neck dissection. We evaluated the relationships between clinicopathologic factors and the occurrence of late cervical lymph node metastasis. Of the 25 cases, metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes was observed in nine cases (36.0%). The clinicopathological factors associated with late cervical lymph node metastasis were the mode of invasion (MOI, p=0.032), depth of invasion (DOI, p=0.004), and perineural invasion (PNI, p=0.040). A multivariate analysis revealed that only the DOI was an independent predictor of late cervical lymph node metastasis. The combination of the DOI and MOI or the PNI and MOI was significantly correlated with late cervical lymph node metastasis (p=0.004 and p=0.012, respectively). Our findings suggest that combinations of the MOI, DOI, and PNI could be used as an index for predicting late cervical lymph node metastasis in early TSCC.
Translation and Psychometric Properties of the "Palliative Care Attitudes Scale (PCAS-9)"
Authors: Bagheri Sajad , Barkhordari-Sharifabad Maasoumeh , Nasiriani Khadijeh , Javadi-Estahbanati Mostafa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Palliative care improves the quality of life of patients and their families; attitudes toward such cares are effective in accepting or rejecting them. It is necessary to assess the attitude of patients in this field. This study was aimed to translate and investigate psychometric properties of the Palliative Care Attitudes Scale (PCAS-9) in the Iranian community.Materials & Methods: This methodological research has been done in two parts of translation and psychometric evaluation. After translation and cultural adaptation, face validity (10 patients), content validity (10 experts), and construct validity were assessed using exploratory factor analysis (300 patients) and confirmatory factor analysis (210 patients). Then, internal consistency reliability and stability (30 patients) were measured for reliability. SPSS20 and LISREL were used for data analysis.Results: PCAS-9 includes 9 items whose Persian translation were approved. Face and content validities were acceptable. Results of exploratory factor analysis showed three factors: emotional, cognitive, and behavioral. In confirmatory factor analysis, the values of fitness indices confirmed the appropriate fit of the model. The internal consistency reliability in the whole instrument was 0.929 and the intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.854.Conclusions: Findings showed that the Persian version of the PCAS-9 had acceptable psychometric properties. It can be used to evaluate patients' attitudes toward palliative care in the Iranian community.
Pharmacological modulation of glutamatergic and neuroinflammatory pathways in a Lafora disease mouse model
Authors: Mollá Belén , Heredia Miguel , Campos Ángela , Sanz Pascual 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Lafora disease (LD) is a fatal rare neurodegenerative disorder that affects young adolescents and has no treatment yet. The hallmark of LD is the presence of polyglucosan inclusions (PGs), called Lafora bodies (LBs), in the brain and peripheral tissues. LD is caused by mutations in either EPM2A or EPM2B genes, which respectively encode laforin, a glucan phosphatase, and malin, an E3-ubiquitin ligase, with identical clinical presentation. LD knockout mouse models (Epm2a-/- and Epm2b-/-) recapitulate PGs body accumulation, as in the human pathology, and display alterations in glutamatergic transmission and neuroinflammatory pathways in the brain. In this work, we show the results of four pre-clinical trials based on the modulation of glutamatergic transmission (riluzole and memantine) and anti-neuroinflammatory interventions (resveratrol and minocycline) as therapeutical strategies in an Epm2b-/- mouse model. Drugs were administered in mice from 3 to 5 months of age, corresponding early stage of the disease, and we evaluated the beneficial effect of the drugs by in vivo behavioral phenotyping and ex vivo histopathological brain analyses. The behavioral assessment was based on a battery of anxiety, cognitive, and neurodegenerative tests and the histopathological analyses included a panel of markers regarding PGs accumulation, astrogliosis, and microgliosis. Overall, the outcome of ameliorating the excessive glutamatergic neurotransmission present in Epm2b-/- mice by memantine displayed therapeutic effectiveness at the behavioral levels. Modulation of neuroinflammation by resveratrol and minocycline also showed beneficial effects at the behavioral level. Therefore, our study suggests that both therapeutical strategies could be beneficial for the treatment of LD patients.
Unique mutation and gene expression in High Hyperdiploid Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia with whole chromosome uniparental isodisomy
Authors: Parihar Mayur , Ganguli Debdutta , Banerjee Anindyajit , Islam Rubina , Basu Sangramjit , Bhattacharya Chumki , Sarkar Piyali , Bhagwat Shivani , Ghose Subhoshree , Saha Debparna , Zaheer Uzma , Siddhanta Ritam , Paul Pritha , Sidhu Jasmeet , Das Nandana , Gogoi Manash , Chakraborty Abhijit , Varma Binuja , Sunderam Uma , Ramasubramaniam Abhirami , Biswas Nidhan , Das Chitrarpita , Singh Manish , Chakraborty Barun , Gorantla Ashish , Ghara Niharendu , Mishra Deepak , Krishnan Shekhar , Sriniva Rajgopal , Saha Vaskar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Whole genome copy number alterations, targeted gene-panel and RNA sequencing were used to investigate differences in high hyperdiploid (HH) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with and without whole chromosome uniparental isodisomy (wUPD). Patients with wUPD demonstrated a higher modal number of chromosomes with gains of chromosome 5. Mutations in genes within epigenetic pathways with upregulation of genes involved in cellular response to stress and stimuli were seen in wUPD, in contrast to mutations in RAS/RTK pathways and upregulation of genes in RNA Polymerase III pathway in noUPD. AP-1 transcription factors and NUDT18, potentially implicated in thiopurine drug resistance, were upregulated in wUPD. wUPD was associated with female gender, higher presenting white cell count and lower end of induction minimal residual disease levels, though survival rates were similar in the two groups. Genome-wide differences in HH ALL with and without UPD suggest plausible biological explanations for the heterogeneity in therapeutic response.
Rapid-SL: Identification of Higher Order Synthetic Lethal Sets with an Arbitrary Cardinality
Authors: Manshadi Mehdi Dehghan , Setoodeh Payam , Zare Habil 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The multidrug resistance of numerous pathogenic microorganisms is a serious challenge that raises global healthcare concerns. Multi-target medications and combinatorial therapeutics are much more effective than single-target drugs due to their synergistic impact on the systematic activities of microorganisms. A synthetic lethal (SL) is a set of non-essential targets (i.e., reactions or genes) that prevent the proliferation of a microorganism when they are “knocked out” simultaneously. To facilitate the identification of SLs, we introduce Rapid-SL, a new multimodal implementation of the Fast-SL method, using the depth-first search algorithm. The advantages of Rapid-SL over Fast-SL include: (a) the enumeration of all SLs that have an arbitrary cardinality, (b) a shorter runtime due to search space reduction, (c) embarrassingly parallel computations, and (d) the targeted identification of SLs. Targeted identification is important because the enumeration of higher order SLs demands the examination of too many reaction sets. Accordingly, we present specific applications of Rapid-SL for the efficient targeted identification of SLs. In particular, we found up to 67% of all quadruple SLs by investigating about 1% of the search space. Furthermore, 307 sextuples, 476 septuples, and over 9,000 octuples are found for Escherichia coli genome-scale model, iAF1260.
Associations Between Fatty Acids Intake And Tension-Type Headache: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Balmaseda Diego Domínguez , de Sevilla Guillermo García Pérez , Flor Angel González de la , Muñiz José Angel Del Blanco 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Patients with tension-type headache (TTH) are characterized by recurrent pain that can become disabling, accompanied by sensory, motor and neurovascular changes, with a prevalence of between 36 and 78% in adults. Identifying the dietary triggers of headaches has led to defining dietary strategies to prevent this disease since excessive consumption, for example, of fats is widely accepted as unhealthy. Within the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), they have shown that Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3) have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of ω-3 fatty acids. In contrast, excessive dietary intake of Omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids, or an ω-6: ω3 ≥ 5 ratio, typical of Western diets, has been associated with a higher prevalence of headaches.Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to compare dietary fatty acid intake between participants with and without chronic TTH and to investigate the cross-sectional association of dietary fatty acid intake, pain characteristics, and quality of life in patients with chronic TTH.Methods: An observational study was conducted following the Strengthening Statement of the Reporting Initiative on Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE), comparing healthy participants and participants diagnosed with chronic CT, for more than six months according to the Society's Headache Study Group criteria. Spanish of Neurology. For the study we used characteristics of headache episodes, headache impact test and diet analysis as variables.Results: There were no significant differences between the TTH group and the CG in anthropometric and demographic variables. The TTH group reported a significantly higher intake of SFA. Furthermore, significant associations were found between PUFA intake and headache characteristics. However, even though the TTH group reported a significant impact of headaches on their activities of daily living according to the HIT-6 questionnaire, there were no significant correlations between the HIT-6 score and fat intake. Regarding the total daily intake of MUFAs, PUFAs, and ω-6 fatty acids, there were no significant differences between the TTH group and the control group. However, there was a moderate positive correlation between ω-6 fatty acid intake and headache intensity.Conclusion: Chronic tension-type headache patients showed higher intakes of SFA, but similar intakes of MUFAs, PUFAs and ω-6: ω-3 ratio when compared to controls. In addition, Ω-6 fatty acids intake and ω-6: ω-3 ratio were associated with headache episodes.