bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Una aproximación numérica a los General Linear Methods para la solución de problemas de la cinética química
Authors: Vega Niño Mayra Alejandra , Peralta Polo Jeinny María , Caro Candezano Miguel Antonio 
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Realizar un estudio comparativo entre las soluciones numéricas de sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias tipo Stiff obtenidas con el método General Linear Method (GLM) y dos solvers del software matemático MATLAB como ode45 y ode15s. Metodología: Para el estudio comparativo se escogieron dos problemas de la química HIRES y de OREGO, los cuales modelan reacciones de la cinética química. Inicialmente cada problema fue solucionado utilizando un tipo de GLM. De igual forma, fueron calculadas las soluciones numéricas con los solvers ode45 y ode15s del software MATLAB. Finalmente, se establecieron comparaciones teniendo en cuenta el tiempo de ejecución de cada método/solver para resolver el problema, el número de iteraciones totales y el error relativo. Resultados: A partir de los resultados numéricos del problema de HIRES se observó que el método DIMSIM tuvo el mejor rendimiento comparando los tiempos de CPU, pero el solver ode45 de MATLAB tuvo la mejor aproximación, seguido por ode15s y los obtenidos por el método DIMSIM, respectivamente. Con el problema OREGO, el mejor tiempo computacional fue alcanzado por el solver ode15s, sin embargo, los resultados obtenidos con el método DIMSIM tuvieron la mejor aproximación. Conclusiones: Los resultados numéricos indicaron que el método DIMSIM y el solver ode15s obtuvieron un mejor desempeño en el tiempo de ejecución y el número de iteraciones totales comparados con el solver ode45. Para estudios futuros se pretende comparar los resultados numéricos con aquellos obtenidos con estrategias de paralelización del código computacional.
Political risk effects and entry mode strategies of multinational corporations (MNCS) in Nigeria
Authors: Olufemi Amos Akinbola , Taofik Osindero Agbatogun , Omolola Sariat Akinbola , SekinatArike Sanni 
Published: February 2022

Research on the political risk and entry mode of multinational companies (MNCs) has been one of the major subjects of interest in international business terrain, and the political risk factor has constitute a major basis for explaining whether exporting, licensing, franchising, or joint venture agreement (JVA) and Foreign direct investment seems to be appropriate. As such, the study examined the effect of political risk as it affects the entry mode strategies of selected multinational corporations in Nigeria as the economy of most developing economies has been characterized as being exposed to political instability and risk. The research adopted the survey technique with inference to the expo facto method and adopted questionnaire as an instrument through content and test re-test appraisal before data were analyzed through the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The results from the analysis indicated that franchising remains a viable option of multinationals in Nigeria and the second hypothesis indicated that licensing significantly reduces the risk exposure of multinational corporations as the licensor have lesser liability in an unstable political economy of the licensee. Based on these findings companies are recommended to adopt appropriate entry strategies in line with governmental policies and economic situation before entering foreign markets.
JEL CODES: M1, M10
Optimal crop plan of cooperative farmers in Osun state, Nigeria: a linear programming approach
Authors: Sofoluwe N.A , Tijani A.A 
Published: February 2022

Optimal level of production requires better use of existing resources at the lowest possible cost. Despite the inherent advantage of cooperatives to the agricultural sector, the question of how farmers under cooperative umbrella use farm resource for optimal outcome remains unanswered. This study investigates optimal crop mix for cooperative farmers in rural communities in Southwest Nigeria. Primary data were collected for the study through structured questionnaire. The data were fitted to Linear Programming Model. Three different cropping patterns are identified among the cooperative farmers. Based on the results from linear programming model, only maize, cassava and yam are admitted in the final plan and this combination is to be produced at 2.23 hectares. The gross margin value associated with the plan is ₦156, 235.781 (1$ = N365). Input resources such as land, labour, fertilizer, and chemicals are not fully utilized. The slack values for these inputs are 0.31, 651.20, 1929.6 and 140.76 respectively. The sensitivity analysis shows that seed/seedling is the only binding resource in the final plan with a shadow price which suggests that proper allocation of seed and seedlings would improve returns to cooperative farmers. There is need for appropriate farm management strategies to ensure optimal return for farmers. More education and training is suggested to boost cooperative farmers understanding of optimum strategy that is needed to improve production and earnings.
JEL code: Q10, Q13
Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Tepung Buah Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) dan Substitusi Gula terhadap Kandungan Gizi, Antioksidan dan Organoleptik Biskuit <br><i> The Effect of Calabura Fruit (Muntingia calabura L.) Flour Utilization and Sugar Substitution on Nutritional, Antioxidants and Organoleptics of Biscuit </i></br>
Authors: Silviani Deya , Marliyati Sri Anna , Kustiyah Lilik 
Published: February 2022

Perubahan pola konsumsi ke pola yang kurang sehat seperti peningkatan konsumsi gula dan rendahnya konsumsi sayur dan buah, berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan prevalensi overweight dan obesitas di Indonesia. Overweight dan obesitas merupakan faktor resiko penyakit tidak menular. Pada penderita obesitas terjadi peningkatan stres metabolik, yang lebih lanjut dapat memicu penyakit tidak menular. Buah kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) memiliki potensi gizi dan antioksidan yang dapat dimanfaatkan pada pengembangan produk pangan. Pemanfaatan buah kersen dan substitusi gula pada biskuit dapat dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk membuat produk biskuit menjadi lebih bergizi, mengandung antioksidan dan rendah gula yang dapat berkontribusi pada pencegahan faktor resiko overweight dan obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemanfaatan tepung buah kersen dan substitusi gula terhadap kandungan gizi, kandungan antioksidan, aktivitas antioksidan, karakteristik organoleptik serta karakteristik fisik biskuit. Rancangan Percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan dua faktor, yaitu substitusi tepung buah kersen dan substitusi gula. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi analisis kandungan gizi, kadar dan aktivitas antioksidan, dan kekerasan. Pengaruh perlakuan terhadap kandungan zat gizi dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam (ANOVA), sedangkan terhadap sifat organoleptik menggunakan Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa substitusi tepung buah kersen dan gula memberikan pengaruh terhadap kadar abu serta kandungan dan aktivitas antioksidan biskuit (p<0,05), namun tidak berpengaruh pada karakteristik organoleptik biskuit. Peningkatan taraf substitusi tepung buah kersen meningkatkan aktivitas dan kadar antioksidan biskuit.
Geodiversity assessment through the Évora – Montemor-o-Novo region: On the scope of valorising the mining heritage of the Ossa-Morena Zone (SW Iberia, Portugal)
Authors: Maia Miguel , Nogueira Pedro , Mirão José , Noronha Fernando 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The SW of Iberia registers diverse examples of mining remnants from activities that ceased during the 20th century, namely in the Ossa-Morena Zone. Such activities exposed outcrops that make part of the mining heritage of the Alentejo province (Portugal), and examples of that are found throughout the Évora – Montemor-o-Novo region at the ancient Montemor-o-Novo iron mines. The area, comprised within the Évora Massif, besides displaying an important mining and quarrying heritage, also exhibits important geomorphological, structural, and lithological features that are key to understand the geodynamic evolution of the Variscan Orogeny at the SW of Iberia. This work intends to evaluate the geodiversity throughout the region and propose routes that integrate geodiversity features along with the mining heritage of the ancient mines from the Montemor-o-Novo iron district. Furthermore, the region is characterised by immense cultural, historical and archaeological assets that together with the geodiversity of the region have efficiently been used for scientific and formal and informal educational purposes. Mining heritage can contribute to the understanding of the role of mineral resources on the past, present, and future of society as we know it. The proposal herein disclosed although intending to promote geoconservation strategies regarding the mineral resources of Ossa-Morena Zone does not aim to make exploration and mining unfeasible in these locations. On the contrary, this work intends to promote strategies in which industry and geoheritage can work together on the knowledge transfer to society, contributing to the geological literacy.
Selected ‘Starter kit’ energy system modelling data for selected countries in Africa, East Asia, and South America (#CCG, 2021)
Authors: Allington Lucy , Cannone Carla , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Brown Edward , Howells Mark , Walker Miriam Zachau , Ahsan Aniq , Charbonnier Flora , Halloran Claire , Stephanie Hirmer  , Cronin Jennifer , Constantinos Taliotis  , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Maarten Brinkerink   , Deane Paul , Andrii Gritsevskyi  , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Wogan David , Edito Barcelona  , Niet Taco , Rogner Holger , Bock Franziska , Quirós-Tortós Jairo , Angulo-Paniagua Jam , Krishnamurthy Satheesh , Harrison John , To Long Seng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Energy system modelling can be used to develop internally consistent quantified scenarios. These provide key insights needed to mobilise finance, understand market development, infrastructure deployment, the associated role of institutions, and generally support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to starting energy system modelling, especially in developing countries, thereby causing delays to decision making. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero-order energy system model for a range of developing countries in Africa, East Asia, and South America, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organisations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the datasets can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. As an example, these data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model for Kenya using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and three stylized scenarios (Fossil Future, Least Cost and Net Zero by 2050) for 2020-2050. The assumptions used and the results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
On The New Hyperbolic Wave Solutions to Wu-Zhang System Models
Authors: YAZGAN Tuğba , ILHAN Esin , ÇELİK Ercan , BULUT Hasan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, some solitary wave solutions of the Wu-Zhang system are analyzed using the modified expansion function method and the sine-Gordon expansion method. Solitary wave solutions of this non-linear mathematical model consisting of hyperbolic and trigonometric function structures are get. Two and three dimensional, density graphics of the solitary solutions of the mathematical models are drawn by choosing the appropriate parameters. It was seen that all solution functions found as a result provide the mathematical model. In this study, Wolfram Mathematica software program was used for all mathematical calculations.
Micropollutant content of Sargassum drifted ashore: arsenic and chlordecone threat assessment and management recommendations for the Caribbean
Authors: Devault Damien Alain , Massat Félix , Lambourdière Josie , Maridakis Clio , Dupuy Laëtitia , Péné-Annette Anne , Dolique Franck 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Massive Sargassum beachings occur since 2011 on Caribbean shores. Sargassum inundation events currently involve two species, namely S. fluitans and S. natans that are circulating and blooming along the North Atlantic subtropical gyre and in the entire Caribbean region up to the Gulf of Mexico. Alike other brown seaweeds, Sargassum have been shown to bioaccumulate a large number of heavy metals, alongside with some organic compounds including the contamination by historical chlordecone pollution in French West Indies (FWI), an insecticide used against the banana’s weevil Cosmopolites sordidus. The present study reports, during two successive years, the concentration levels of heavy metals including arsenic in Martinique and Guadeloupe (FWI). We found that Sargassum can also accumulate high concentration of chlordecone. Sargassum contamination by chlordecone is observed in areas that are close to contaminated river mouth. Our results further demonstrate that algae bleaching raises a number of questions about inorganic and organic pollutants bioaccumulation, transport and dissemination.
Quantification of left atrial function and geometry by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Cionca Carmen , Zlibut Alexandru , Orzan Rares Ilie , Cojan-Minzat Bianca Olivia , Horvat Dalma , Muresan Ioana Danuta , Kiss Eva , Gonciar Diana , Dirzu Dan , Seicean Serban , Agoston-Coldea Lucia , Mocan Teodora 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Impact of Gervital Against Histopathological, Ultrastructural, and Biochemical Alterations Caused by Methotrexate or Azathioprine in Albino Rats Testis
Authors: Abdul-Hamid Manal , Abdel-Reheim Eman Salah , Hegazy Walaa , Allam Ahmed , Othman Sarah I. , Alqhtani Haifa A , Abdel-Kawi Samraa Hussein 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) and azathioprine (AZA) are chemotherapeutic, immunosuppressive, cytotoxic drugs with reported adverse impacts such as oxidative damage to testis. This study aims to scrutinize the potential effect of grape seed extract (GSE; gervital) to prevent testicular damage propelled by MTX and AZA. Rats were separated into six groups: Group I, normal control group; Group II, GSE (150 mg/kg/day); Group III, MTX (8 mg/kg/week). Group IV, AZA (15 mg/kg/day). Group V, GSE (150 mg/kg/day) + MTX (8 mg/kg /week); Group VI, GSE (150 mg/kg/day) + AZA (15 mg/kg/day). All rats were sacrificed, blood samples were obtained for testosterone analysis and testis was removed for histological, ultrastructural studies and oxidation measurements. A reduction in body and testes relative weight, along with a significant decrease in testosterone was observed. Histopathological, ultrastructural alterations induced by MTX or AZA include scanty spermatozoa, sloughing, marked reduction of spermatogonia cells, and pyknosis of some nuclei. Significant oxidative stress (OS) manifested by reduced glutathione (GSH) level, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. GSE administration showed an ameliorative effect on testosterone, histopathological and ultrastructural changes. GSE treatment also suppressed the increases in MDA levels and the decrease in GSH level, CAT, and SOD activities. Conclusion, our findings confirmed that GSE is an effective antioxidant that prevent and protect testis from the histopathological and ultrastructural damages induced by MTX and AZA. So, GSE is a promising candidate for future use to minimize and alleviate MTX and AZA risks
Spreading Awareness of Attenuating Vehicular Speed After Lifting of Covid-19 Lockdown Using Web-Based Estimation of Visual Reaction Time for Primary Prevention of Road Traffic Collision
Authors: Rajdeep Prashant , Patel Lajja , CD Steffy , Panchal Preeti 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives- Attenuating the vehicular speed after lifting of lockdown during Covid-19, by employing visual reaction time (RT) as a tool to prime citizens for creating decorum of driving and checking the road traffic fatalities.Background- It is indispensable to curb the driving speed post lockdown to avoid accidents. Even though, the impact of inactivity on RT has been well established, an insight into the new method can deal with the gross issue of road traffic casualty worldwide. Method- Using a web-based platform (http://physicsiology.com), RT was derived by visual stimulation test. Of which, the slowest and the fastest RT were obtained. Using these and prefeed average vehicular speed before lockdown in the website the post lockdown vehicular speed were quantified for the participant. Apart from spreading awareness the website has also collected data for age and days of lockdown.Results- Compared to pre lockdown vehicular speed, reduced post lockdown speed was well calculated and suggested. Furthermore, from 643 participants, there was a correlation between RT, age, and days of lockdown.Conclusion- Containment of speed can be achieved through RT to prime people for prevention of road traffic collision after lifting of Covid-19 lockdown.
CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knock-in of Masu Salmon (Oncorhyncus Masou) Elongase Gene in the Melanocortin-4 (mc4r) Coding Region of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) Genome
Authors: Coogan Michael , Xing De , Su Baofeng , Alston Veronica , Johnson Andrew , Khan Mohd , Khalil Karim , Elaswad Ahmed , Li Shangjia , Wang Jinhai , Lu Cuiyu , Wang Wenwen , Hettiarachchi Darshika , Shang Mei , Hasin Tasnuba , Qin Zhenkui , Cone Roger , Butts Ian , Dunham Rex 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, have limited ability to synthesize Ω-3 fatty acids due to a lack of elongases and desaturases. The ccβA-msElovl2 transgene containing masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou, elongase gene driven by the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, beta-actin promoter was inserted into the channel catfish melanocortin-4 receptor (mc4r) gene site using the two-hit two-oligo with plasmid (2H2OP) method. The best performing sgRNA resulted in a knockout mutation rate of 92% with 69% homozygosity/bi-allelism, a knock-in rate of 54% and a simultaneous knockout/knock-in rate of 49%. Fish simultaneously mutated with the ccβA-msElovl2 transgene knock-in and mc4r knockout (Elovl2) were 41.8% larger than controls at 6 months post-hatch. Mean eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) levels in Elov2 mutants and MC4R mutants were 121.6% and 94.1% higher than in controls, respectively. Observed mean docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) and total EPA+DHA content was 32.8% and 45.1% higher, respectively, in Elovl2 fish than controls. To our knowledge this is the first example of multiplexed genetic engineering and gene editing of a commercially important aquaculture species for valuable performance traits. With a high mutation rate, improved growth, and higher omega-3 fatty acid content, the use of Elovl2 channel catfish appears beneficial for application on commercial farms.
A Retrospective Study of Mortality for Perioperative Cardiac Arrests Towards Personalized Treatment
Authors: Shang Huijie , Chu Qinjun , Zheng Shasha , Ji Muhuo , Guo Jin , Yang Jianjun , Ye Haotian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background

Perioperative cardiac arrest (POCA) is associated with a high mortality rate. This work aims to study its prognostic factors for risk mitigation by means of care management and planning.
Methods

A database of 380,919 surgeries was reviewed and 150 POCAs were curated. The main outcome is the mortality prior to hospital discharge. Patient demographics, medical history, and clinical characteristics (anesthesia and surgery) were main features. Six ML algorithms were explored: LR, SVC, RF, GBM, AdaBoost, and VotingClassifier. The last one is an ensemble of the beginning five ones. k-fold cross-validation and bootstrapping minimized the prediction bias and variance, respectively. Explainers (SHAP and LIME) were used to interpret the predictions.
Results

The ensemble provided the most accurate and robust predictions (AUC=0.90 [95% CI, 0.78-0.98]) across various age groups. The risk factors were identified by order of importance. Surprisingly, the comorbidity of hypertension was found to have a protective effect on survival, which was reported by a recent study (Alnabelsi T. et. al. 2020) for the first time to our knowledge.
Conclusions

The validated ensemble classifier in aid of the explainers improved the predictive differentiation, deepening our understanding of POCA prognostication. It offers a holistic model-based approach for personalized anesthesia and surgical treatment.
Photonic Generation and Application of Dual-band Phase-Coded LFM Signals
Authors: Zhou Yixiao , Zhao Shanghong , Li Xuan , Wang Guodong , Huang Lanfeng , Yu Longqiang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A novel photonic method is proposed to generate dual-band phase encoding linearly frequency modulation (LFM) waveforms. In this scheme, two binary sequences are sent into one dual-polarization Mach-Zehnder modulator (DPol-MZM) to perform phase modulation with the optical carrier, while driving LFM signal is sent into another DPol-MZM to generate second and fourth-order optical sidebands. Then, the generated sidebands and the phase modulated optical carrier are combined together to perform optical to electrical conversion. As a result, bandwidth doubled and quadrupled phase coded LFM signals can be produced. The proposed scheme is verified by simulation, dual-band signals of 6~10 GHz & 12~20 GHz, 6~13 GHz & 12~26 GHz and 8~10 GHz & 16~20 GHz are obtained by using 3~5 GHz, 3~6.5 GHz, and 4~5 GHz driving LFM signals, respectively. Furthermore, the applications of the generated dual-band signals on both radar and communication are demonstrated. For radar detection, optical de-chirping operation for the dual-band signals can be simultaneously realized by using a DPol-MZM, on the other hand, the time bandwidth product of the radar waveform can be improved by phase encoding the LFM signal with M sequence. For wireless communication, each band LFM signal can be modulated with a binary sequence, and the two phase-coded LFM signals can be coherently demodulated in the optical domain. The proposed method features multi-functional operation, which can be potentially employed in radar-communication integrated systems.