bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of water spray evaporation in a turbulent air flow
Authors: Nikitin M N , Satonin A V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Water spray evaporation in a hot air flow is a common process for many industrial applications. Spray nozzles should be well adjusted and distributed specifically to achieve efficient evaporation. The present study addressed simulation of the process within the Eulerian-Lagrangian workframe with k-∈ turbulence model. Simulation was carried out via OpenFOAM and postprocessed with ParaView. SprayFOAM solver was used to obtain a solution for 2D and 3D representations of the wind tunnel. Custom JANAF-based approximations were introduced for thermophysical properties of working mediums (air and water vapor). Obtained results were accurate enough to validate the presented model against adopted experimental data. Drift eliminator was modelled with virtual interfaces (baffles), which were tested in two scenarios: accumulating and removing droplets from the computational domain.
Optimal experiment design for locally adaptive regression models
Authors: Popov A A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The problem of reconstruction of dependencies using locally adaptive linear regression models is considered. The problem of a priori optimal design of experiments during identification of locally adaptive linear regression models is solved. In this case, the region of determining the active factors is divided into 2 or 3 fuzzy partitions. The problem of constructing D-optimal designs of experiment is formulated and solved
Synthesis of dynamics of nanosatellites with variable inertial-mass parameters
Authors: Doroshin A V , Eremenko A V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The work considers the dynamics of a composite nanosatellite with variable inertial-mass parameters. The nanosatellite consists of two units connected to each other by flexible rods, a main unit (nanosatellite body) and a mobile unit. A passive system for stabilizing the rotational motion of a composite nanosatellite is considered, which uses a mobile unit as a motion control actuating element.
Determination of the ion beam velocity of an accelerator two-gap ion thruster
Authors: Fedyanin V V , Vavilov I S , Yachmenev P S , Zharikov K I , Lukyanchik A I , Stepen’ P V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The article is devoted to the measurement of the ion beam velocity of an accelerator two-gap ion thruster. A theoretical representation of the physical process of capturing charged particles using a cylindrical sensing element is given. A schematic diagram and a printed circuit board for detecting an accelerated ion beam have been developed. The expression for calculating the signal current of the sensing element is defined. A condition for capturing charged particles using the critical mobility of charges is formulated.
The study of the deviations of the payload moved along the curved trajectory by the crawler crane
Authors: Korytov M S , Shcherbakov V S , Titenko V V , Belyakov V E 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Reducing the uncontrolled deviations of the payload moved by a crawler crane with a constant boom length is a relevant objective, since it improves the operational efficiency and safety, as well as the positional accuracy of the payload at the target point. In this regard, the results of the research aimed at developing a trajectory synthesis method of two controlled coordinates of the crane, such as the swing angles of the rotary platform and boom raising which ensure a predefined trajectory of the moving payload, have been described. Furthermore, the influence of the payload movement parameters, such as the time of the prescribed payload displacement, the initial angle of the boom lift, the hoist rope length, the overall dimensions of the required payload displacement trajectory on the error of the predefined payload trajectory execution by the lifting crane has been studied. For example, we examined a predefined arc curved trajectory of the moving payload. The horizontal coordinates of the trajectory of the upper suspension point located on the boom head and providing the predefined payload trajectory were generated using the Matlab mathematical simulation model developed in the Simulink package for solving a linearized differential equation. This equation describes the deviations of a pendulum suspended payload with a horizontally moving suspension point in a separate vertically located plane of the space. The superposition of two horizontal trajectories obtained by solving the given equation ensures the payload movement along a curved trajectory predefined in the horizontal plane. The trajectory of the crane’s controlled coordinates was calculated from the horizontal coordinates of the suspension point. When executing the trajectory, the examined additional errors occur. It was revealed that when the time of moving along a predefined payload trajectory exceeds 40 seconds, the residual oscillations become insignificant and payload positional accuracy at the target point increases. It suggests the limited applicability of the developed method when implemented on the rotary lifting cranes with a constant boom length. The range of the local minima errors of the predefined trajectory implementation depending on the initial inclination angle of the boom, which varies in the average values range of the boom inclination angle, has been defined.
Use of the Belleville spring package in the vibration protection mechanism of the operator’s seat
Authors: Korytov M S , Shcherbakov V S , Titenko V V , Kashapova I E , Derkach V V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Reducing the vibration effects on the operator of a construction, road and other machines is a relevant objective, since its accomplishing improves the efficiency and accuracy of the work performed by machines and reduces the risk of operators’ occupational diseases. Vibration protection systems with the effect of quasi-zero stiffness are promising. To produce this effect, Belleville springs packages can be used. They are a way to create a simple, reliable and inexpensive passive mechanism of the vibration protection system of the operator’s seat. The influence of the static characteristic center slope of two Belleville springs packages on the maximum acceleration of the load under the sinusoidal kinematic excitation of the seat base movements is investigated. The static characteristic center slope of the spring packages was characterized by the coefficient that affects the type of the static characteristic according to the known analytical expressions for the separate spring force. To obtain the chair acceleration values in a fixed coordinate system, we used a simulation mathematical model developed in the Simscape Multibody package for modeling mechanical systems of the MATLAB mathematical system. The model used blocks of a fixed coordinate system, a sliding joint and a rigid body forming a chain. The maximum acceleration of the chair in a fixed coordinate system was defined during a predetermined period of time at the end of the transition process under the steady state oscillations. When conducting the computational experiment, the specified oscillations amplitude of the chair base and the angular frequency of these oscillations varied. For a proper comparison of the experimental results in the form of graphical dependencies of the maximum acceleration on the amplitude and frequency, the ranges of acceptable and unacceptable arguments combinations were selected for the two spring packages. The combinations of amplitude and frequency were considered unacceptable when the maximum deformation of the spring package went beyond the static characteristic maximum. For the two packages of springs, the acceptable regions were different, therefore their intersection used for the comparative analysis, was obtained. The springs package with a relatively high stiffness in the center of the static characteristic is found out to generally provide better vibration protection of the chair in the entire acceptable range of arguments. Simultaneously, a package with lower stiffness in the center of the characteristic dampens vibrations better in the small amplitudes area, i.e. when operating in the quasi-zero stiffness area.
Algorithm for the formation of the internal structure of a product manufactured using FDM technology, considering the stress-strain state on the example of four-point bending
Authors: Shalygin S V , Russkikh G S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The work is devoted to the description of an algorithm for the formation of the internal structure of a product, obtained using the FDM technology, considering the stress-strain state, based on the use of isosurfaces of equivalent stresses obtained on a pre-calculated stress-strain state of the sample in an elastic isotropic formulation. In addition, the preparation of a force structure based on isosurfaces of normal stresses, considering the problem of axial tension/compression of horizontal layers of the sample, typical for the problem of four-point bending, is described. Numerical simulations in ANSYS Workbench have obtained results showing the performance of the optimized design, using the example of the four-point bending problem. Comparison of the results of numerical modelling, optimized and monolithic samples, in elastic isotropic formulation is presented.
Evaluation of the efficiency of solid-phase activation of modifying complexes
Authors: Eremin E N 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The efficiency of the solid-phase activation of modifying complexes has been evaluated. It is shown that such preliminary treatment of refractory particles leads to a significant increase in the diffusion coefficients in the matrix of the metal-ultrafine powder complex. The introduction of modifying complexes that have undergone solid-phase activation into liquid nickel increases the degree of supercooling of the melt and reduces the grain, which characterizes a high degree of intensity of the action of inoculators. In this case, the most intense effect is exerted by the addition of the TiCN-Ni and TiCN-Ti complexes that have undergone solid-phase activation.
Investigation of Ti/TiB2System Composite Coatings Sprayed by Microplasma Method
Authors: Goshkoderya M E , Bobkova T I , Staritsyn M V 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present work studies Ti/TiB2 system of metal matrix composite powders and coatings obtained on their basis by microplasma spraying. Ti/TiB2 is the system of potentially perspective materials being operated in aggressive environments. Morphology of the micro-grinding of the composite powder and coating was investigated by a scanning electron microscope, with the distribution assessment of the reinforcing component. The phase composition and its evolution in the composite powder and coating were also studied.
Influence of compositions ABRO GT-409 and POLYTRONMTC in transmission oil on tribological contact in material systems "CuCrNiZrTi - KCh50", "CuCrNiZrTi – 40X"
Authors: Kubich V I , Cherneta O G , Yurov V M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The work carried out definitive tribotechnical tests of the systems of materials "CuCrNiZrTi - 85W90 - 40X", "CuCrNiZrTi - 85W90 - KCh50" to assess the nature of the manifestation of the effect of additive compositions (AC) ABRO GT-409 and POLYTRONTMC on adaptability to loading and lubrication modes parameters of adhesion properties when modeling shear on small samples. It was found that at the stage of running-in, the systems of materials operate stably with clearly pronounced tendencies to reduce the sliding resistance to a certain minimum, followed by its increase due to the influence of the AC components. ACs do not determine the effect of reducing the wear intensity in the investigated range of contact pressures, and a decrease in friction is caused by a decrease in shear resistance in the zones of contact interaction of protrusions and depressions of surface irregularities. A more significant effect on the decrease in the parameters of adhesion properties is exerted by the POLYTRONMTC 10% AC components, which cause the formation of secondary lubricant formations with denser structures at the interface of adhesion with metal surfaces and reduced resistance to movement within the formed cohesive bonds between them.
The influence of titanium compounds on the electrophysical characteristics of the epoxy composite
Authors: Kukushina K G , Eremin E N 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article discusses influence of titanium compounds on the electrophysical characteristics of materials. Sequence of operations for receive the materials possessing improved radio-technical characteristics is shown. Material characteristics such as permittivity, shrinkage and hardness are described. Higher permittivity (ε) of composites is presented and subsequence and modes fabrication body parts of products. Facts are given that testify that the insertion is 30 % TiO2 raises permittivity by 1.4 times; interposition BaTiO3 in the same ratio - 1.7.
Investigation of the process and products of calcination of composite granules based on hydroxyapatite, wollastonite and gelatine
Authors: Solonenko A P , Shevchenko A E , Rozdestvensky A A , Dzyuba G G 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Control of the composition after heat treatment is important stage of biomaterials production especially in case of their new versions creation, because many biocompatible synthetic substances are unstable at high temperatures. Interaction between components in multicomponent systems is possible with the formation of new undesirable products. In this work, the process of calcination of composite granules with a variable content of hydroxyapatite and wollastonite and binder polymer (gelatine) was studied. It was found that materials heat treatment leads to a change of their phase composition caused by the apatite decomposition, transition of β-CaSiO3 to α-form, and calcium silicophosphate formation (in samples where apatite is the main component). Calcined products composition depends on the apatite/wollastonite ratio in the materials.
Numerical study of nitrogen bulk dissociation in DC magnetron discharge in Ar+N2 mixture
Authors: Strunin V I , Lyakhov A A , Khudaibergenov G Zh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The effect of the composition of the gas feed mixture on the dissociation rate constant of molecular nitrogen is examined by numerical solving the Boltzmann equation written in a two-term approximation for conditions corresponding to nitride aluminum films deposition. By solving of macroscopic balance equations in volume occupied with plasmas of stationary low-pressure glow discharge in a nitrogen-argon mixture the atomic nitrogen density was determined. It’s shown that there is a maximum of atomic nitrogen density at certain stoichiometry of gas feed mixture.
Determination of the Mandelstam – Brillouin Scatter Frequency Characteristic in Optical Fibers of Various Types
Authors: Bogachkov I V , Gorlov N I 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The results of researches of the Mandelstam – Brillouin scattering frequency characteristics in single-mode optical fibers of various types are presented in this paper. A technique for obtaining the spectral characteristics of Mandelstam – Brillouin scattering for predefined acoustic mode distributions in single-mode optical fibers is considered. The procedure for determining the frequency characteristics of the Mandelstam – Brillouin scattering for a given structure of the radial distribution of the optical fiber refractive index is discussed. The Mandelstam – Brillouin scattering frequency characteristics of single-mode optical fibers obtained by mathematical modeling and experimental studies are presented. A comparative analyze of obtained results is carried out.
Determination of the thrust of an ion thruster by the aerodynamic method of double angle (AMαβ-method)
Authors: Vavilov I S , Yachmenev P S , Zharikov K I , Fedyanin V V , Lukyanchik A I , Stepen’ P V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the jet thrust of a mixed jet of neutral and ionized nitrogen flowing from the working chamber of an experimental sample of an accelerator ion thruster into a vacuum space. The main method of the study was the aerodynamic double angle method (AMαβ-method). The method of determining low thrust and the design of the stand for the implementation of the AMαβ-method are proposed. The object of research is a prototype of an accelerator two-phase ion thruster with a solid-state microwave plasma generator and a toroidal resonator. The study showed that a 2.5 W microwave generator together with a 2.5 W accelerating potential difference voltage source with a nitrogen consumption of 0.05 -1 mg/s can increase the speed of the working gas by 2.3 times. The jet thrust, according to the test results, was 1-3.6 μN. It is shown that the thrust components (the gas-dynamic component, the ion component of a high-frequency discharge, the ion component of a glow discharge) have different levels depending on the mass flow rate of the gas.
Procedure of sample preparation for international and interlaboratory comparisons in the field of the pH measuring of borate buffer solution
Authors: Prokunin S V , Vengina D A , Dobrovolskiy V I , Oganyan N G , Shchipunov A N 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the paper is discribed the preparation method of buffer solution for interlaboratory and international comparisons. This technique was developed by scientists of All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Physicotechnical and Radio Engineering Measurements during the preparation of samples for international comparisons in the field of measuring the hydrogen index of borate buffer solution. According to the measurement results, the offered method allows to prepare the homogeneous and stable buffer solutions.
Quantum standards for electrical and electro-chemical measurements
Authors: Sherstobitov S V , Karpova M V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The paper considers the current trends in the development of standards in the field of electrical measurements. The principles of constructing mutually consistent standards and reference complexes using quantum effects and fundamental constants and necessary for reproducing units of quantities used in the fields of electrical, physical-technical and radio-technical measurements, which are also the basis for electro-chemical measurements, are formulated. The results of theoretical and experimental studies aimed at developing possible methods for constructing and implementing ways of quantum standards and reference complexes that implement the principle of mutually consistent reproduction of the basic units of electrical quantities with reference to quantum effects and fundamental constants in accordance with the new definitions of the SI system are presented.
Reference Materials: gas mixtures to support measurements for climate change studies
Authors: Sega Michela , Pavarelli Stefano , Pennecchi Francesca Romana , Spazzini Pier Giorgio , Rolle Francesca 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This work aims at presenting some activities carried out at INRiM for the development of new reference materials (RMs) of greenhouse gases to support measurements for climate change studies. Since the preindustrial era, greenhouse gases emissions due to human activities have dramatically increased, mostly due to economic and demographic growth and their concentrations in the atmosphere have grown continuously since 2011, reaching highest levels in 2019. The increase of greenhouse gases concentration in atmosphere due to anthropogenic emissions is the main cause of global warming and carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the main culprits for this phenomenon. In this context, the capability of discriminating between anthropogenic and natural emissions is of utmost importance. The determination of the isotopic composition of CO2 can support the assessment of the uptake of CO2 in the environmental compartments, i.e. atmosphere and hydrosphere, and can help to distinguish natural from anthropogenic carbon in the atmosphere. The possibility to establish metrological traceability of the measurements of CO2 isotopic composition is a key aspect, and greatly relies on the availability of gaseous reference materials having compositions and uncertainties that are fit for purpose. In the past years, INRiM participated in the EMPIR project 16ENV06 SIRS “Metrology for stable isotope reference standards”, and is now taking part in the EMPIR project 19ENV05 STELLAR “Stable isotope metrology to enable climate action and regulation”. INRiM has experience in the preparation of gas standards by primary methods, namely gravimetry and dynamic dilution, which can be applied to the realisation of reference materials of CO2 at known isotopic composition. The present work describes the preliminary results obtained by INRiM in the preparation of pure CO2 RMs and at atmospheric amount fraction. Examples of uncertainty budgets and identification of the uncertainty sources are also given.
Metrological assistance of medical measurement devices using certified reference materials of physicochemical properties
Authors: Sakharova S A , Kustova V N , Vonsky M S 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article reviews some issues of metrological support of medical measurement devices using certified reference materials of physicochemical properties. The extensive application of modern automatic analyzers of new generation helps clinicians in diagnostics and therapy. Comparability of analyzer readings is possible only if metrological approaches to measurements are used.
Design and metrological characteristics of native analyzers Photocor for measuring the particle size and zeta-potential of nanodispersed systems
Authors: Deshabo V A , Kosov V I , Yudin D I , Yudin I K , Ashikhmin V S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Particle size and zeta potential analyzers Photocor have been developed and are mass-produced by the Russian company Photocor. The principle of operation of the analyzers is based on the dynamic light scattering method. Photocor instruments have a certificate of type approval of measuring instruments and are included in the Russian Federal Information Fund for Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements.
Research on the method for the construction of Space Situational Intelligent Cognitive ability based on knowledge engineering
Authors: Song Yining , Li Zhi , Zhang Zhanyue 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
With the rapid rising demands of the Space Situation Awareness (SSA), this paper mainly focuses on the construction task of the cognitive ability for understanding space situation and administrating the space domain facilities much quicker and better. After clarifying the definition of Space Situation Cognition (SSC), the multi-scale system model has been conducted for knowledge acquisition, knowledge understanding and knowledge reasoning of SSC based on the knowledge engineering. Finally, the technical route and solution for the overall construction of intelligent cognition of space situation are put forward. It is an important way to form effective cognition of spatial situation by reasonably integrating and analysing spatial situation information that can be obtained through effective system integration.
A Detection Method of Atmospheric Neutron at the Civil Aviation Height
Authors: Song Yang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of atmospheric radiation data in SEE analysis and verification of civil aircraft, a new detection method of atmospheric neutron at the height of civil aviation is developed. Using the balloon of radiosonde to carry the nuclear radiometer, the radiation dose could be observed by the nuclear radiometer. On the basis of the conversion equation between radiation dose and neutron flux, the profile of atmospheric neutron flux is derived. The local detection experiments indicate that the detection results are reliable and effective. Effective results could be obtained by the method with low experiment cost.