bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual dysfunction and disorders as a consequence of infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Leeners Brigitte , Tschudin Sibil , Wischmann Tewes , Kalaitzopoulos Dimitrios Rafail 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Sexuality has a key impact on quality of life and on reproductive health. Infertility often results in sexual dysfunction. Despite this close association, addressing sexuality is not a standard component of infertility counselling, especially since in most countries sexual medicine is not a core element of specialist training. Even today, many doctors and patients consider discussing sexuality to be more challenging than other aspects of reproductive medicine. The present review addresses the complex consequences of infertility on sexuality.

OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE
Our goals were: (i) to identify the prevalence of sexual problems resulting from infertility, (ii) to evaluate characteristics of sexual difficulties and disorders resulting from infertility and (iii) to analyse factors involved in the complex association between sexual problems and infertility.

SEARCH METHODS
A systematic search for publications containing keywords related to sexual disorders and infertility was performed via PubMed, Web of Science and Psyndex. A total of 170 manuscripts published between January 1966 and April 2021 were identified after verification of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The reference lists in these manuscripts were searched for further relevant literature. Studies were reviewed for quality-related methodological details.

OUTCOMES
Couples diagnosed with infertility have an increased risk of sexual disorders. Loss of sexual desire and erectile dysfunction are among the most frequent sexual disorders resulting from infertility. Currently available literature reflects only fragmentarily the complexity of the diverse interactions. Sexuality plays out against the backdrop of interactions among personal, cultural, infertility-related and sexuality-related factors. Considering this complexity, it is crucial to evaluate individual profiles as well as partnership interactions to avoid a negative impact of infertility on a couple’s sexual life.

WIDER IMPLICATIONS
Identifying sexual disorders as relevant considerations in the context of infertility and exploring their impact during the entire course of diagnosis and treatment constitute an important contribution to comprehensively care for the couples concerned. Counselling should focus on preventing the onset and aggravation of sexual disorders. As sexuality represents a major component of quality of life and of partnership, such support may improve not only the current overall wellbeing but also the chances of a satisfactory long-term partnership and family life.
Aquatic Walking and Swimming Kinematics of Neonate and Juvenile Epaulette Sharks
Authors: Porter Marianne E , Hernandez Andrea V , Gervais Connor R , Rummer Jodie L 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe epaulette shark, Hemiscyllium ocellatum, is a small, reef-dwelling, benthic shark that—using its paired fins—can walk, both in and out of water. Within the reef flats, this species experiences short periods of elevated CO2 and hypoxia as well as fluctuating temperatures as reef flats become isolated with the outgoing tide. Past studies have shown that this species is robust (i.e., respiratory and metabolic performance, behavior) to climate change-relevant elevated CO2 levels as well as hypoxia and anoxia tolerant. However, epaulette shark embryos reared under ocean warming conditions hatch earlier and smaller, with altered patterns and coloration, and with higher metabolic costs than their current-day counterparts. Findings to date suggest that this species has adaptations to tolerate some, but perhaps not all, of the challenging conditions predicted for the 21st century. As such, the epaulette shark is emerging as a model system to understand vertebrate physiology in changing oceans. Yet, few studies have investigated the kinematics of walking and swimming, which may be vital to their biological fitness, considering their habitat and propensity for challenging environmental conditions. Given that neonates retain embryonic nutrition via an internalized yolk sac, resulting in a bulbous abdomen, while juveniles actively forage for worms, crustaceans, and small fishes, we hypothesized that difference in body shape over early ontogeny would affect locomotor performance. To test this, we examined neonate and juvenile locomotor kinematics during the three aquatic gaits they utilize—slow-to-medium walking, fast walking, and swimming—using 13 anatomical landmarks along the fins, girdles, and body midline. We found that differences in body shape did not alter kinematics between neonates and juveniles. Overall velocity, fin rotation, axial bending, and tail beat frequency and amplitude were consistent between early life stages. Data suggest that the locomotor kinematics are maintained between neonate and juvenile epaulette sharks, even as their feeding strategy changes. Studying epaulette shark locomotion allows us to understand this—and perhaps related—species’ ability to move within and away from challenging conditions in their habitats. Such locomotor traits may not only be key to survival, in general, as a small, benthic mesopredator (i.e., movements required to maneuver into small reef crevices to avoid aerial and aquatic predators), but also be related to their sustained physiological performance under challenging environmental conditions, including those associated with climate change—a topic worthy of future investigation.
Tools for assessing quality and risk of bias in Mendelian randomization studies: a systematic review
Authors: Spiga Francesca , Gibson Mark , Dawson Sarah , Tilling Kate , Davey Smith George , Munafò Marcus R , Higgins Julian P T 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
The use of Mendelian randomization (MR) in epidemiology has increased considerably in recent years, with a subsequent increase in systematic reviews of MR studies. We conducted a systematic review of tools designed for assessing risk of bias and/or quality of evidence in MR studies and a review of systematic reviews of MR studies.

Methods
We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Web of Science, preprints servers and Google Scholar for articles containing tools for assessing, conducting and/or reporting MR studies. We also searched for systematic reviews and protocols of systematic reviews of MR studies. From eligible articles we collected data on tool characteristics and content, as well as details of narrative description of bias assessment.

Results
Our searches retrieved 2464 records to screen, from which 14 tools, 35 systematic reviews and 38 protocols were included in our review. Seven tools were designed for assessing risk of bias/quality of evidence in MR studies and evaluation of their content revealed that all seven tools addressed the three core assumptions of instrumental variable analysis, violation of which can potentially introduce bias in MR analysis estimates.

Conclusion
We present an overview of tools and methods to assess risk of bias/quality of evidence in MR analysis. Issues commonly addressed relate to the three standard assumptions of instrumental variables analyses, the choice of genetic instrument(s) and features of the population(s) from which the data are collected (particularly in two-sample MR), in addition to more traditional non-MR-specific epidemiological biases. The identified tools should be tested and validated for general use before recommendations can be made on their widespread use. Our findings should raise awareness about the importance of bias related to MR analysis and provide information that is useful for assessment of MR studies in the context of systematic reviews.
Rankin–Selberg Integrals and L-Functions for Covering Groups of General Linear Groups
Authors: Kaplan Eyal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Let ${\operatorname {GL}}_c^{(m)}$ be the covering group of ${\operatorname {GL}}_c$, obtained by restriction from the $m$-fold central extension of Matsumoto of the symplectic group. We introduce a new family of Rankin–Selberg integrals for representations of ${\operatorname {GL}}_c^{(m)}\times {\operatorname {GL}}_k^{(m)}$. The construction is based on certain assumptions, which we prove here for $k=1$. Using the integrals, we define local $\gamma $-, $L$-, and $\epsilon $-factors. Globally, our construction is strong in the sense that the integrals are truly Eulerian. This enables us to define the completed $L$-function for cuspidal representations and prove its standard functional equation.
Vanishing Theorems for Sheaves of Logarithmic Differential Forms on Compact Kähler Manifolds
Authors: Huang Chunle , Liu Kefeng , Wan Xueyuan , Yang Xiaokui 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we first establish an $L^2$-type Dolbeault isomorphism for logarithmic differential forms by Hrmander’s $L^2$ estimates. By using this isomorphism and the construction of smooth Hermitian metrics, we obtain a number of new vanishing theorems for sheaves of logarithmic differential forms on compact Kähler manifolds with simple normal crossing divisors, which generalize several classical vanishing theorems, including Norimatsu’s vanishing theorem, Girbau’s vanishing theorem, Le Potier’s vanishing theorem, and a version of the Kawamata–Viehweg vanishing theorem.
Classification of Integrable Boundary Equations for Integrable Systems on Quad-Graphs
Authors: Sun Pengyu , Zhang Cheng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the context of integrable systems on quad-graphs, the boundary consistency around a half of a rhombic dodecahedron, as a companion notion to the three-dimensional consistency around a cube, was introduced as a criterion for defining integrable boundary conditions for quad-graph systems with a boundary. In this paper, we formalize the notions of boundary equations as boundary conditions for quad-graph systems, and provide a systematic method for solving the boundary consistency, which results in a classification of integrable boundary equations for quad-graph equations in the Adler–Bobenko–Suris classification. This relies on factorizing, first the quad-graph equations into pairs of dual boundary equations, and then the consistency on a rhombic dodecahedron into two equivalent boundary consistencies. Generalization of the method to rhombic-symmetric equations is also considered.
Malaria Transmission Intensity Likely Modifies RTS, S/AS01 Efficacy Due to a Rebound Effect in Ghana, Malawi, and Gabon
Authors: Bell Griffin J , Goel Varun , Essone Paulin , Dosoo David , Adu Bright , Mensah Benedicta Ayiedu , Gyaase Stephaney , Wiru Kenneth , Mougeni Fabrice , Osei Musah , Minsoko Pamela , Sinai Cyrus , Niaré Karamoko , Juliano Jonathan J , Hudgens Michael , Ghansah Anita , Kamthunzi Portia , Mvalo Tisungane , Agnandji Selidji Todagbe , Bailey Jeffrey A , Asante Kwaku Poku , Emch Michael 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
RTS,S/AS01 is the first malaria vaccine to be approved and recommended for widespread implementation by the World Health Organization (WHO). Trials reported lower vaccine efficacies in higher-incidence sites, potentially due to a “rebound” in malaria cases in vaccinated children. When naturally acquired protection in the control group rises and vaccine protection in the vaccinated wanes concurrently, malaria incidence can become greater in the vaccinated than in the control group, resulting in negative vaccine efficacies.

Methods
Using data from the 2009–2014 phase III trial (NCT00866619) in Lilongwe, Malawi; Kintampo, Ghana; and Lambaréné, Gabon, we evaluate this hypothesis by estimating malaria incidence in each vaccine group over time and in varying transmission settings. After estimating transmission intensities using ecological variables, we fit models with 3-way interactions between vaccination, time, and transmission intensity.

Results
Over time, incidence decreased in the control group and increased in the vaccine group. Three-dose efficacy in the lowest-transmission-intensity group (0.25 cases per person-year [CPPY]) decreased from 88.2% to 15.0% over 4.5 years, compared with 81.6% to −27.7% in the highest-transmission-intensity group (3 CPPY).

Conclusions
These findings suggest that interventions, including the fourth RTS,S dose, that protect vaccinated individuals during the potential rebound period should be implemented for high-transmission settings.
Host Respiratory Transcriptome Signature Associated with Poor Outcome in Children with Influenza–Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia
Authors: Britto Carl , Mohorianu Irina , Yeung Tracy , Cheung Elaine , Novak Tanya , Hall Mark W , Mourani Peter M , Weiss Scott L , Thomas Neal J , Markovitz Barry , Randolph Adrienne G , Moffitt Kristin L 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Respiratory coinfection of influenza with Staphylococcus aureus often causes severe disease; methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) coinfection is frequently fatal. Understanding disease pathogenesis may inform therapies. We aimed to identify host and pathogen transcriptomic (messenger RNA) signatures from the respiratory compartment of pediatric patients critically ill with influenza–S. aureus coinfection (ISAC), signatures that predict worse outcomes. Messenger RNA extracted from endotracheal aspirate samples was evaluated for S. aureus and host transcriptomic biosignatures. Influenza-MRSA outcomes were worse, but of 190 S. aureus virulence-associated genes, 6 were differentially expressed between MRSA-coinfected versus methicillin-susceptible S. aureus–coinfected patients, and none discriminated outcome. Host gene expression in patients with ISAC was compared with that in patients with influenza infection alone. Patients with poor clinical outcomes (death or prolonged multiorgan dysfunction) had relatively reduced expression of interferons and down-regulation of interferon γ–induced immune cell chemoattractants CXCL10 and CXCL11. In ISAC, airway host but not pathogen gene expression profiles predicted worse clinical outcomes.
How much do radiative transfer models influence red:far-red simulation and subsequent modelling of plant photomorphogenesis?
Authors: Couturier Arthur , Frak Elzbieta , Rambaud Quentin , Louarn Gaëtan , Barillot Romain , Durand Jean-Louis , Escobar-Gutiérrez Abraham , Combes Didier 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRed:far-red ratio (R:FR) plays an important role in the architectural dynamics of vegetation. The integration of its effects into the crop model and/or into modelling work on plant dynamics over years requires new methods for describing R:FR spatial and temporal variability. This study assesses the sensitivity of simulating plant morphogenesis to the methods of R:FR modelling. The approach consisted in using a generic individual-based legume model coupled with radiative transfer models allowing the computation of R:FR values. Three methods of computation of R:FR were evaluated based on reference radiative transfer model CANESTRA and on turbid-medium model RIRI. The effects of R:FR simulated by the three methods on the simulation of plant morphogenesis were evaluated for the petiole and internodes of two contrasted plant architectures (alfalfa and white clover) at different stages of plant development and density. Plant morphogenesis expressed by the simulated petiole and internode length was sensitive to R:FR values provided by the models, especially at an early stage of development. Contrasted plant architectures exhibit different ranges of sensitivity to R:FR computed by the different models. However, this sensitivity follows a similar pattern between the two types of plant architecture, also for other conditions such as density or stage of development. This study highlights that the choice of radiative transfer model is of main importance for modelling plant morphogenetical responses, in particular at an early stage of plant development. The role of coupling of the FSP and radiative transfer models to address photomorphogenetic issues in order to consider plant-to-plant interactions is discussed.
Association between sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge and practice of COVID-19 measures among households in Mombasa and Kilifi County, Kenya
Authors: Mwai J , Mutai J , Kaduka L , Abdi M , Ahmed I , Ndemwa P , Nyole D , Omogi J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), is a severe acute respiratory disease. The Kenyan Ministry of Health (MoH) put in place measures that included mandatory face masking, hand and cough hygiene and social and physical distancing to reduce disease transmission and increase prevention efforts. The primary objective of this study was to determine how sociodemographic characteristics affect knowledge and practice of the above measures.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess water, sanitation and hygiene practices for the prevention and control of COVID-19 in Kilifi and Mombasa Counties, Kenya. Data collection was accomplished through a mobile data collection tool. Principal component analysis was used to create a wealth index using data on asset ownership and housing characteristics. Bloom cut-off points of 80–100%, 60–79% and ≤59% were used to determine knowledge and practice.

Results
Of the 612 households, 339 (55.4%) were from Kilifi County and 273 (44.6%) were from Mombasa County. A total of 431 (70.4%) were female and the mean age of the household members was 38.2±14.8 y.
Almost all (99.2%) respondents were aware of COVID-19, with 60% knowing prevention, symptoms and persons at a higher risk of contracting the virus. Females had the highest knowledge of COVID-19 and were likely to practice prevention and control measures, unlike males. Age was significant (p&lt;0.05) with knowledge and practice.

Conclusions
The sociodemographic characteristics of populations play a key role in behavioural aspects as far as prevention and control of COVID-19 are concerned. There is a need for partnerships between the MoH and county governments to put in place a multisectoral community approach to advance feasible behavioural interventions among targeted populations towards combating the spread of COVID-19.
Why International Organizations Differ in Their Output Productivity: A Comparative Study
Authors: Panke Diana , Hohlstein Franziska , Polat Gurur 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Analyzing the performance of international organizations (IOs) in a comparative manner is of high importance. Yet IOs differ remarkably, which renders comparisons difficult. This article examines IO output productivity as an important precondition for IOs to have effects on their members (outcome) and on the ground (impact). We distinguish between the number and volume of IO policy outputs and measure both productivity components for ninety-eight IOs. Drawing on Easton's system theory, we derive several hypotheses on how input, throughput, and feedback loop factors impact output productivity and examine them with quantitative methods. This reveals that input matters as IOs with more member states are likely to have broader meeting agendas and a higher number of items on the negotiation agenda, which furthers the output productivity of IOs. Throughput matters as well as. Whereas IOs with high meeting frequencies give delegates more opportunities to negotiate and pass policies, which increases the number and volume of outputs, the access of non-state actors to negotiations slows down the decision-making process, which reduces IO output productivity. Finally, with respect to the feedback loop, this article shows that transparent decision-making exerts an accountability pressure on delegates, which has a positive effect on IO output productivity.
Patterns of Antinuclear Antibodies in a New Variant of Endemic Pemphigus in El Bagre, Colombia, Colocalizing with Antigens against MIZAP, ARVCF, p0071, and Desmoplakins I and II
Authors: Velez Ana Maria Abreu , Upegui-Zapata Yulieth Alexandra , Valencia-Yepes Carlos Andres , Upegui-Quiceño Eduardo , Howard Michael S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
A new variant of endemic pemphigus foliaceus (EPF) has been documented, El Bagre-EPF. We aimed to study antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) in these patients.

Methods
We performed a case-control study, testing 57 patients affected by this disease and 57 controls from the endemic area matched by work activity and demographics. The participants were evaluated clinically as well as by detection of ANAs utilizing HEp-2 cells. We utilized Triton-induced partial permeabilization of the cell membranes, allowing for the visualization of intracellular and intranuclear antigens. We also immunoadsorbed the ANAs using synthetic peptides to elucidate the nature of the ANA.

Results
We detected the presence of a new pattern of ANAs. The new pattern of ANAs was seen in 24% of the El Bagre-EPF patients, compared to our controls (P &lt; 0.001). The new ANA pattern consisted of a thin nuclear and nucleolar rim, finely speckled nucleolar, nuclear membrane pores stains, and a positive intranuclear stain directed against small nuclear components, as well as cytoplasmic deposits of autoantibodies were also observed. The new ANAs pattern perfectly colocalized with commercial antibodies to miocardium-enriched zonula occlusans-1 associated protein (MIZAP), armadillo repeat gene deleted in velo-cardio-facial syndrome (ARVCF), p0071 and desmoplakins I–II (all from Progen Biotechnik). Additionally in 14% of patients with El Bagre-EPF forme fruste and hyperpigmented clinical presentations, a classic homogeneous ANA pattern was observed with autoantibodies specific for Ro, La, Sm, and double-stranded DNA antigens. Immunoadsorption with peptide-based sequences from MIZAP, ARVCF, p0071 and desmoplakins I–II removed the new ANA pattern.

Conclusions
We describe a new pattern of ANAs in El Bagre-EPF, colocalizing with autoantibodies directed against MIZAP, ARVCF, p0071, and desmoplakins I–II.
A Siamese hybrid neural network framework for few-shot fault diagnosis of fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Li Chuanjiang , Li Shaobo , Zhang Ansi , Yang Lei , Zio Enrico , Pecht Michael , Gryllias Konstantinos 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (FW-UAVs) are used for diverse civil and scientific missions, failure incidents are on the rise. Recent rapid developments in deep learning (DL) techniques offer advanced solutions for fault diagnosis of unmanned aerial vehicles. However, most existing DL-based diagnostic models only perform well when trained on massive amounts of labeled data, which are challenging to collect due to the complexity of the FW-UAVs systems and service environments. To address these issues, this paper presents a novel framework, Siamese hybrid neural network (SHNN), to achieve few-shot fault diagnosis of FW-UAVs in an intelligent manner. “State map” strategy is firstly proposed to transform raw flight data into similar and dissimilar sample pairs as input. The proposed SHNN framework consists of two identical networks that share weights with each other, and each subnetwork is designed with a hybrid one-dimensional conventional neural network and long short-term memory model as feature encoder, whose generated feature embedding is used to measure the similarity of input pairs via a distance function in the metric space. In comprehensive experiments on a real flight dataset of an FW-UAV, the SHNN framework achieves competitive results compared to other models, demonstrating its effectiveness in both binary and multi-class few-shot fault diagnosis.