bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of maize seed varieties based on stacked sparse autoencoder and near‐infrared hyperspectral imaging technology
Authors: Fu Lvhui , Sun Jun , Wang Simin , Xu Min , Yao Kunshan , Cao Yan , Tang Ningqiu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMaize seed variety identification is the key to improving the quality and yield of maize. The study aimed to investigate a stacked sparse autoencoder combined with a cuckoo search (CS) optimized support vector machine (SSAE‐CS‐SVM) to meet the identification requirements of accurate detection. First, the near‐infrared (NIR) (871.61–1766.32 nm) hyperspectral data of maize seeds were processed using Savitzky–Golay (SG) combined with standard normal variables (SNV). Subsequently, SSAE, SAE, principal component analysis (PCA), and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling were employed for feature extraction. Finally, the recognition model was constructed using the SoftMax regression model, SVM, and CS optimized SVM (CS‐SVM). The results indicated that the SSAE‐CS‐SVM model achieved satisfactory performance (the training set and testing set accuracies were 99.45% and 95.81%, respectively). This study confirmed the great potential of combining NIR hyperspectral imaging technology with deep learning algorithms for maize seed variety identification.Practical applicationsThe identification of maize seed varieties is extremely important for ensuring seed purity and improving maize quality and yield. A method based on SSAE and NIR hyperspectral imaging technology was studied to identify maize seed varieties. The method proposed in this paper could identify maize seed varieties non‐destructively and accurately, which provided a new way for the online detection of seed varieties.
Thermal processing of canned dika kernel (ogbono) soup and the neural prediction of its canning parameters
Authors: Fasogbon Beatrice Mofoluwaso , Adebo Oluwafemi Ayodeji , Adeniran Hezekiah Adekanmi , Taiwo Kehinde Adekunbi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe canning of dika kernel (ogbono) soup into a ready‐to‐eat form has been recommended because of the special skills and time required in preparing this popular West African soup. This study investigated the thermal processing of ogbono soup, calculated the lethality (F) and process time, and predicted same using the artificial neural network (ANN) model. A dataset of the processing time, cold point, and retort temperature obtained during the heat penetration study was used for the model training, validating, and testing steps. There was a 54%, 71%, and 75% log‐reduction of the surviving Bacillus stearothermophilus spores after heat processing of the canned soup at 110, 116, and 121°C respectively. Heat penetration parameters revealed that canning the soup at 121°C for a total process time of about 31 min was the best thermal processing condition. Results also showed that the ANN model was a useful and high‐reliability tool in predicting the sterilization value of the canned soup, with a high degree of accuracy (R2 closer to 1) at all the canning temperatures considered in the study. Unsupervised learning of the neurons models to predict the output data from the input data was also suggested in the thermal canning processes.Practical ApplicationsIn the canning industry, the sterilization process is aimed to inactivate potentially harmful microorganisms, leaving the food product safe and of good quality. This research evaluated the canning parameters to process dika kernel (ogbono) soup. The total processing time of 31 min at 121°C obtained in the study, indicate that higher temperature and shorter time would produce a commercially sterile soup. However, the heat penetration test requiring higher temperature and longer processing times could necessitate increased energy costs. This research shows that the use of the machine learning (artificial neural network) model could accurately predict lethality rate (F‐value) better than the non‐linear model like the response surface methodology (RSM), providing an advantage of estimating process time, thus reducing operational costs.
Structural clues to articular calcified cartilage function: A descriptive review of this crucial interface tissue
Authors: Evans Lucinda A. E. , Pitsillides Andrew A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractArticular calcified cartilage (ACC) has been dismissed, by some, as a remnant of endochondral ossification without functional relevance to joint articulation or weight‐bearing. Recent research indicates that morphologic and metabolic ACC features may be important, reflecting knee joint osteoarthritis (OA) predisposition. ACC is less investigated than neighbouring joint tissues, with its component chondrocytes and mineralised matrix often being either ignored or integrated into analyses of hyaline articular cartilage and subchondral bone tissue respectively. Anatomical variation in ACC is recognised between species, individuals and age groups, but the selective pressures underlying this variation are unknown. Consequently, optimal ACC biomechanical features are also unknown as are any potential locomotory roles. This review collates descriptions of ACC anatomy and biology in health and disease, with a view to revealing its structure/function relationship and highlighting potential future research avenues. Mouse models of healthy and OA joint ageing have shown disparities in ACC load‐induced deformations at the knee joint. This raises the hypothesis that ACC response to locomotor forces over time may influence, or even underlie, the bony and hyaline cartilage symptoms characteristic of OA. To effectively investigate the ACC, greater resolution of joint imaging and merging of hierarchical scale data will be required. An appreciation of OA as a ‘whole joint disease’ is expanding, as is the possibility that the ACC may be a key player in healthy ageing and in the transition to OA joint pathology.
The changes of parental functioning of the patients with bipolar disorder and major depression since discharging from hospital: A longitudinal study
Authors: Liu Sara Hsin‐Yi , Chen Shing‐Chia , Hsieh Ming. H. , Shiau Shu‐Jen , Lin Kuan‐Chia , Hsiao Fei‐Hsiu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThis study examined the changes in patients' parental functioning and the associated factors, including manic, depressive symptoms and social support from before discharge to 6 months post‐discharge.BackgroundFor parents with bipolar disorder and major depression, parenting is a recovery factor for patients, but little research examines the dynamic parental functioning from acute hospitalisation to a remission stage.DesignA longitudinal design was used. The STROBE Checklist were used in presenting this research.MethodsParticipants were inpatients with bipolar disorder or major depression (n = 33) recruited within one week before discharge from the acute psychiatric ward in Taiwan. Data on parental functioning was collected four times: before discharge (T1), the 1st (T2), the 3rd (T3) and the 6th (T4) months of post‐discharge. Baseline parental functioning before admitting to the acute word was retrospectively assessed at T0. The questionnaires included positive and negative domains of parenting practice, hypomanic/manic symptoms, depressive symptoms and social support. Generalised estimating equations were applied for data analysis.ResultsThe negative parenting domains (poor monitoring, inconsistent discipline) decreased during hospitalisation but increased at one month post‐discharge, except corporal punishment at 3‐months discharge. The positive parenting domains (parental involvement and nurturance/responsiveness) did not recovery to baseline. While clinical symptoms remained stable during 6 months post‐discharge, social support decreased at 3 and 6 months post‐discharge. Higher depressive symptoms and low social support were associated with positive parenting domains but not related to negative parenting domains. Manic symptoms were not associated with positive or negative parenting domains.ConclusionsPositive parenting domains did not fully return to the usual situation during 6 months post‐discharge.Relevance to clinical practiceParenting functioning recovery program targeting at the impacts of depressive symptoms on the parenting functioning and insufficient social support is needed from hospitalisation to post‐discharge.
Culturally and linguistically diverse men's experiences of support following perinatal death: A qualitative study
Authors: Pearson Thomas , Obst Kate , Due Clemence 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore culturally and linguistically diverse men's experiences of support after perinatal death, including barriers and facilitators to support and how healthcare providers, systems and policies can best support families.BackgroundMany groups of culturally and linguistically diverse families in Australia are at higher risk of experiencing perinatal death. Culturally sensitive bereavement services are essential; however, there has been no previous research specifically examining culturally and linguistically diverse men's experiences of support following perinatal death.DesignIndividual semi‐structured interviews were completed with healthcare providers, community leaders and culturally and linguistically diverse men who had experienced a perinatal death in Australia (n = 16). Data were analysed using Thematic Analysis and COREQ guidelines were followed.ResultsMen's need for support following perinatal death was associated with stigma, and shaped by culturally‐relevant religion and ritual, and connection to community and family. Significant barriers to men seeking and gaining support included challenges with self‐advocacy and navigating the woman‐centred nature of perinatal care in Australia.ConclusionsCulturally and linguistically diverse men's specific needs should be included in the development of policy and practice surrounding perinatal death. While perinatal bereavement care guidelines acknowledge the importance of culturally informed care following perinatal death, there remains a lack of culturally specific supports available, particularly for culturally and linguistically diverse men.Relevance to clinical practiceSpecific recommendations from this research include increasing community liaison officers or cultural consultants in hospitals and support organisations; providing culturally and linguistically diverse support groups; adopting family‐centred and father‐inclusive language in all perinatal death support services and ensuring clear communication and targeted assistance for culturally and linguistically diverse men to self‐advocate for their baby and access to support.Patient or public contributionThis study came out of consultation with community members and member checking of results was conducted to ensure adequate representation of participants' views.
An Indirect Digital Technique to Transfer 3D Printed Casts to a Mechanical Articulator With Individual Sagittal Condylar Inclination Settings Using CBCT and Intraoral Scans
Authors: Yang Shengtao , Dong Bo , Zhang Qianqian , Li Junying , Yuan Quan , Yue Li 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith the widespread application of digital impression techniques in prosthetic dentistry, accurate intraoral scan mounting, and virtual articulator parameters setting as per patients’ anatomic structures are essential for treatment planning and restoration fabrication, especially for complex rehabilitation cases; meanwhile, marginal fit checking, occlusal adjustment, and porcelain layering of restorations are also crucial procedures in all cases in which the analog procedure to mount maxillary arches on a mechanical articulator is still required. This technique article presents an indirect digital approach that can first achieve virtual intraoral scan mounting and sagittal condylar inclination value setting of an Artex virtual articulator based on bony structures provided by a single cone beam computed tomography scan. It then facilitates the transfer of virtually mounted intraoral scans from the virtual articulator to the matched Artex mechanical articulator by relating a digitally scanned mounting plate of the Artex mechanical articulator to the virtual articulator, printing the intraoral scan and mounting plate scan assembly, and then mounting the printed casts on the mechanical articulator based on the printed mounting plate. This technique eliminates the conventional facebow transfer and protrusive bite registration procedures and offers a straightforward approach for the seamless integration of virtual environments and analog workflows into clinical practice. It aids in the design of restorations that are harmonious with the mandibular movements and reduces chairside adjustment time.
The psychological imprint of inequality: Economic inequality shapes achievement and power values in human life
Authors: Du Hongfei , Götz Friedrich M. , King Ronnel B. , Rentfrow Peter J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis research investigates how economic inequality shapes basic human values across three cross‐national, cross‐regional, and longitudinal studies (Ntotal = 219,697).MethodsStudy 1 examined the relationship between objective economic inequality and values across 77 societies from all five continents (n = 170,525). Study 2 examined the relationship between objective economic inequality and values across 51 regions in the United States (n = 48,559). Study 3 used a two‐year longitudinal design to examine the relationship between perceived economic inequality and values (n = 613).ResultsResults from multilevel modeling and longitudinal analysis suggested that people who lived in areas with higher economic inequality and who perceived higher economic inequality were more likely to endorse achievement and power values. Moreover, people who perceived higher economic inequality were less likely to endorse benevolence values. These effects were robust in within‐country tests (Studies 2 and 3) but not in the cross‐country tests (Study 1) when accounting for sociodemographic characteristics.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that economic inequality may act as an antecedent of self‐enhancement values, particularly within countries. In a world of rising economic inequality, this may over time lead to an overemphasis on achievement and power which have been shown to erode social cohesion.
Optimal voting rules for international organizations, with an application to the United Nations
Authors: Caro‐Burnett Johann 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper studies a self‐enforcing mechanism for an international organization that interacts repeatedly over time. A random shock determines which countries would be in favor of or against taking a collective action. If the organization wants to take the action, incentives must be provided. The optimal stationary equilibrium is equivalent to a mechanism characterized by voting weights. When the discount factor is not too high, the voting weights are random. Moreover, within a class of parameters, the optimal mechanism mimics the way voting power is distributed among United Nations members via Security Council seats. That is, the model rationalizes the existence of a council with permanent members who have veto power, nonpermanent members, and the exact number of permanent and nonpermanent members observed at the Security Council.
Burden and risk factors for relapse following successful treatment of uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition in young children: Secondary analysis from a randomised trial in Niger
Authors: Bliznashka Lilia , Grantz Kyra H. , Botton Jérémie , Berthé Fatou , Garba Souna , Hanson Kerstin E. , Grais Rebecca F. , Isanaka Sheila 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to quantify the burden of relapse following successful treatment for uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and to identify associated risk factors in rural Niger. We used data from 1490 children aged 6−59 months discharged as recovered from an outpatient nutritional programme for SAM and followed for up to 12 weeks after admission. Postdischarge SAM relapse was defined as weight‐for‐height Z‐score <−3, mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) <115 mm or bipedal oedema after having been discharged as recovered. Postdischarge hospitalisation was defined as admission to inpatient SAM treatment or hospitalisation for any cause after having been discharged as recovered. We used multivariate log‐binomial models to identify independent risk factors. After programmatic discharge, 114 (8%) children relapsed to SAM and 89 (6%) were hospitalised. Factors associated with SAM relapse were discharge during the lean season (relative risk [RR] = 1.80 [95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.22−2.67]) and larger household size (RR = 1.56 [95% CI = 1.01−2.41]), whereas older child age (RR = 0.94 [95% CI = 0.88−1.00]), higher child MUAC at discharge (RR = 0.93 [95% CI = 0.87−1.00]) and maternal literacy (RR = 0.54 [95% CI = 0.29−0.98]) were protective factors. Discharge during the lean season (RR = 2.27 [95% CI = 1.46−3.51]) was independently associated with postdischarge hospitalisation. Future nutritional programmes in the context of Niger may consider modification of anthropometric discharge criteria or the provision of additional home support or follow‐up during the lean season as potential interventions to prevent relapse. More research including postdischarge follow‐up is needed to better understand the sustainability of treatment outcomes after discharge and the type of intervention that may best sustain recovery over time. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01613547.
The Cognitive Demands of Friendship
Authors: Brinkerhoff Anna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRecently, some philosophers have argued that friendship demands that we have positive beliefs about our friends even when such beliefs go against the evidence. Call this the doxastic account of the cognitive demands of friendship. I consider both motivations and worries for the doxastic account before developing a new account: the attentional account. According to it, friendship places demands on how we direct our attention. I argue that the attentional account accommodates the considerations that motivate the doxastic account and weathers the worries that trouble it. Along the way, I question the assumption that friendship's cognitive demands center on positivity.
Application of Green‐enhanced Nano‐lantern as a bioluminescent ratiometric indicator for measurement of Arabidopsis thaliana root apoplastic fluid pH
Authors: Tran Quang , Osabe Kenji , Entani Tetsuyuki , Wazawa Tetsuichi , Hattori Mitsuru , Nagai Takeharu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPlant root absorbs water and nutrients from the soil, and the root apoplastic fluid (AF) is an important intermediate between cells and the surrounding environment. The acid growth theory suggests that an acidic AF is needed for cell wall expansion during root growth. However, technical limitations have precluded the quantification of root apoplastic fluid pH (AF‐pH). Here, we used Green‐enhanced Nano‐lantern (GeNL), a chimeric protein of the luciferase NanoLuc (Nluc) and the green fluorescent protein mNeonGreen (mNG), as a ratiometric pH indicator based on the pH dependency of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer efficiency from Nluc to mNG. Luminescence spectrum of GeNL changed reciprocally from pH 4.5 to 7.5, with a pKa of 5.5. By fusing GeNL to a novel signal peptide from Arabidopsis thaliana Cellulase 1, we localised GeNL in A. thaliana AF. We visualised AF dynamics at subcellular resolution over 30 min and determined flow velocity in the maturation zone to be 0.97± 0.06 μm/s. We confirmed that the developing root AF is acidic in the pH range of 5.1−5.7, suggesting that the AF‐pH is tightly regulated during root elongation. These results support the acid growth theory and provide evidence for AF‐pH maintenance despite changes in ambient pH.
Heart rate variability predicts outcome of short‐term psychotherapy at the workplace
Authors: Balint Elisabeth Maria , Daniele Viktorija , Langgartner Dominik , Reber Stefan O. , Rothermund Eva , Gündel Harald , Von Wietersheim Jörn , Buckley Thomas , Jarczok Marc N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe bio‐psycho‐social model highlights intra‐individual and inter‐individual interactions, including psychotherapy. The processing of these interactions within a person takes place, among others, in the central autonomic network (CAN). The CAN's autonomic output to the periphery can be indexed by heart rate variability (HRV), representing individual adaptive capacity. Further, the CAN influences the hypothalamus‐pituitary–adrenal axis with its product cortisol. The aim consisted in investigating HRV and cortisol as well as their relation to symptom course in response to short‐term psychotherapy. A single‐arm, uncontrolled, explorative study was conducted at an outpatient psychotherapeutic consultation in the workplace offered to employees with mental or psychosomatic complaints. Questionnaires included symptoms of depression, irritation and functional impairment. Circadian profile of HRV and salivary cortisol concentrations collected pre and post short‐term psychotherapeutic intervention (4–12 sessions) were assessed. Multilevel‐linear mixed regressions were calculated. Out of 29 participants (mean age 42; 72% female), 24% were on sick leave from work. Cortisol concentrations were neither affected by intervention nor by symptom course. The proportion of individuals showing a vagally mediated HRV in the range of the lowest quartile assessed for age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls was reduced at follow‐up (pre 34%, post 22%; p = .017). Higher vagally mediated HRV at baseline predicted lower symptom burden at follow‐up. Thus, the results support the assumption that HRV reflects the capability of an organism to adapt and recover. Patients with reduced HRV might need additional psychotherapeutic sessions to achieve the same symptom improvements than patients with retained HRV.
Efficient neutralization of daratumumab in pretransfusion samples using a novel recombinant monoclonal anti‐idiotype antibody
Authors: Aung Fleur , Spencer Jeff , Potter David , Pham Thuy‐Dung , Farooqui Naheed , Platt Kathryn R. , Zayat Raja , Oliveira Melanie , Smeland‐Wagman Robin , Petersen Eric , Kaufman Richard M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAnti‐CD38 antibodies such as daratumumab (DARA) are critical therapies for multiple myeloma and other diseases. Unfortunately, anti‐CD38 antibodies cause panreactivity in indirect antiglobulin tests (IATs), complicating blood compatibility testing. The anti‐CD38 interference is most often mitigated by treating reagent red blood cells (RBCs) with dithiothreitol (DTT). However, when using the DTT method, not all RBC antibody specificities can be detected (e.g., anti‐K), and the DTT method is impractical for some transfusion services. We evaluated the ability of a new anti‐idiotype antibody to neutralize DARA in vitro and eliminate the anti‐CD38 interference.Study Design and MethodsA recombinant monoclonal rabbit anti‐DARA idiotype antibody (“anti‐DARA”) was generated. The ratio of anti‐DARA required to neutralize DARA in spiked samples was evaluated in IATs performed in gel. IATs performed in tube were used to demonstrate that anti‐DARA allows alloantibody detection in the presence of DARA. Plasma samples from 29 patients receiving DARA were treated with a fixed quantity of anti‐DARA (120 μg) before performing antibody detection tests (screens) in tube.ResultsAnti‐DARA used at or above a 1:1 ratio with DARA eliminated the DARA interference with IATs. Anti‐DARA allowed detection of both alloanti‐E and alloanti‐K in the presence of DARA. In 27/29 (93.1%) clinical samples, 120 μg anti‐DARA was sufficient to neutralize the DARA in 100 μl patient plasma.DiscussionAn anti‐DARA:DARA ratio as low as 1:1 is sufficient to neutralize DARA in solution. A fixed amount of anti‐DARA eliminates the anti‐CD38 interference in most patient samples.