bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential use of acylglycerols on the thermal inactivation of lactic acid bacteria for the manufacture of long-life fermented products
Authors: Huerta-González Luis , López-Valdez Fernando , Luna-Suárez Silvia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The effect of acylglycerols on the thermal inactivation of lactic acid bacteria was studied because of their importance as starter cultures in the production of fermented products. The starting point was the observation of an increase in thermal sensitivity when an emulsifier based on mono- and diacylglycerols was present in the culture medium. Analysis of the emulsifier showed that monoacylglycerols were the compounds responsible for this effect, with monopalmitin being the major contributor. Monostearin, on the other hand, showed a significantly lower potentiating effect. Interestingly, monoacylglycerols showed a greater bactericidal effect when used individually than when used in combination. On the other hand, the rate of thermal inactivation observed in reconstituted skim milk emulsions was lower than in peptonized water emulsions, showing that the presence of proteins and colloidal particles increased the resistance of bacteria to heat treatment. With respect to pH values, a reduction in pH from 6.6 to 5.5 promoted an increase in the rate of thermal death. However, at pH = 5.5, the enhancing bactericidal effect was only detectable at lower temperatures but not at higher temperatures. This finding is of interest, since it will allow the design of moderate thermal treatments, combining the use of temperature with the addition of acylglycerols, to prolong the shelf life of fermented products with lactic acid bacteria, and minimizing the destruction of desirable compounds that were obtained because of the fermentation process.
MEK/ERK activation plays a decisive role in Zika virus morphogenesis and release
Authors: Valencia Hugo José , Mendonça Diogo Corrêa , Marinho Paula Eillanny Silva , Henriques Lethícia Ribeiro , Drumond Betânia Paiva , Bonjardim Cláudio Antônio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Brazil has experienced an increase in outbreaks caused by flaviviruses. The high incidence of Dengue fever, the morbidity of Zika in children, and the high mortality of yellow fever affected millions in the recent years. Deciphering host-virus interactions is important to treat viral infections, and the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are an interesting target because of their role in flavivirus replication. In particular, the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), which targets the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), is necessary to dengue and yellow fever infections. In this study, we evaluated the role of the MEK/ERK pathway, and the effect of the MEK inhibitor, Trametinib, in ZIKV PE243 Asian strain and the prototype ZIKV MR766 African strain, addressing genome replication, morphogenesis and viral release. ZIKV infection stimulated ERK phosphorylation in Vero cells at 12 and 18 hours post-infection (hpi). Trametinib showed a sustained antiviral activity, inhibiting both ZIKV strains for at least four days and electron microscopy showed a probable inhibition of ZIKV morphogenesis. ZIKV PE243 can complete one cycle in Vero cells in 14 hours: genome replication was detected around 8 hpi, intracellular viral particles at 12 hpi, and extracellular progeny at 14 hpi. Treatments of 6-hour intervals evidenced that Trametinib inhibited late stages of viral replication, and the titration of intra- or extracellular virions showed that the treatment especially affected viral morphogenesis and release. Thus, ZIKV stimulated ERK phosphorylation during viral morphogenesis and release, which correlated with Trametinib inhibiting both, the signaling pathway and the viral replication all together.
Ex Vivo Expansion of Circulating Tumour Cells (CTCs)
Authors: Mohamed Bashir , Ward Mark , Bates Mark , Spillane Cathy , Kelly Tanya , Martin Cara , Gallagher Michael , Heffernan Sheena , Norris Lucy , Kennedy John , Saadeh Feras Abu , Gleeson Noreen , Brooks Doug , Brooks Robert , Selemidis Stavros , O’Toole Sharon , O’Leary John 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are a critical intermediate step in the process of cancer metastasis. The reliability of CTC isolation/purification has limited both the potential to report on metastatic progression and the development of CTCs as targets for therapeutic intervention. Here we report a new methodology, which optimises the culture conditions for CTCs using primary cancer cells as a model system. We exploited the known biology that CTCs thrive in hypoxic conditions, with their survival and proliferation being reliant on the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α). We isolated epithelial-like and quasi-mesenchymal CTC phenotypes from the blood of a cancer patient and successfully cultured these cells for more than eight weeks. The presence of CTC clusters was required to establish and maintain long-term cultures. This novel methodology for the long-term culture of CTCs will aid in the development of downstream applications, including CTC theranostics.
Novel Psoralen Derivatives as Anti-Breast Cancer Agents: Synthesis and Evaluation of Dark and Light-Activated Cytotoxicity
Authors: Aekrungrueangkit Chiphada , Wangngae Sirilak , Kamkaew Anyanee , Ardkhean Ruchuta , Boonsombat Jutatip , Ruchirawat Somsak , Khotavivattana Tanatorn 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Psoralen derivatives are well known for their unique phototoxicity and also exhibited promising anti-breast cancer activity both in the presence and the absence of UVA irradiation. However, the structure-activity relationship on this scaffold remains lacking. Herein, a series of psoralen derivatives with various C-5 substituents were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro dark and light-activated cytotoxicity against three breast cancer cell lines: MDA-MB-231, T47-D, and SK-BR-3. The type of substituents dramatically impacted the activity, with the 4-bromobenzyl amide derivative (3c) exhibiting the highest dark cytotoxicity against T47-D. On the other hand, the furanylamide 3g exhibited the highest phototoxicity against SK-BR-3 cells with the IC50 of 2.71 µM, which is almost 10-fold increase compared to the parent compound, 8-MOP. Moreover, these derivatives showed exceptional selectivity towards HER2+ (SK-BR-3) over the HER2− (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell lines, which correlates well with the results from the molecular docking study, revealing that 3g formed favorable interactions within the active site of the HER2. Additionally, the cell morphology of SK-BR-3 cells suggested that the significant phototoxicity was related to induction of cell apoptosis. Most of the synthesized psoralen derivatives possess acceptable physicochemical properties and are suitable for being further developed as a novel anti-breast cancer agent in the future.
Electro-Fenton Process with Emphasis on its Challenges and Future Prospects for Wastewater Treatment: A review
Authors: Shokri Aref , Fard Mahdi Sanavi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The efficiency of heterogeneous electro-Fenton technology on the degradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants and for an extensive kind of wastewaters with the purpose of addressing ever-increasing water-related challenges is incontrovertible. Due to its outstanding performance, eco-friendliness, easy automation, and operability over a wide range of pH, it has garnered significant attention from researchers and different industries to invest in its application. This review paper, briefly discusses the principal mechanism of the electro-Fenton process, crucial properties of a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst, the heterogeneous electro-Fenton system enabled with Fe-functionalized cathodic materials besides its essential operational parameters. Moreover, the authors comprehensively explored the major challenges that prevent commercialization of the electro-Fenton process and present future research direction with specific emphasis on the following areas for addressing those disconcerting challenges: synthesizing heterogeneous catalysts by application of advanced materials for improving its reusability and stability, exhaustive analysis of H2O2 activation mechanism, life-cycle assessment of potential environmental effects, scale-up from lab-scale to industrial scale, fabrication of electrodes with state-of-the-art technologies, using the electro-Fenton process for remediation of biological contaminants, application of different cells in electro-Fenton process, hybridization of the electro-Fenton with other wastewater treatments technologies and full-scale analysis of economic costs.
Metabolomics analysis reveals a potential role SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins in the regulation/perturbation of metabolic pathways associated with altered plasma metabolites in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Ivanisenko V. A. , Gaisler E. V. , Basov N. V. , Rogachev A. D. , Cheresiz S. V. , Ivanisenko T. V. , Demenkov P. S. , Mishchenko E. L. , Khripko O. O. , Khripko Yu. I. , Voevoda S. M. , Karpenko T. N. , Velichko A. J. , Voevoda M. I. , Kolchanov N. A. , Pokrovsky A. G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Metabolomic analysis of patient`s plasma is a promising approach to the study of molecular mechanisms of viral infections, identification of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and improvement of the current therapies. However, metabolomic analysis is often limited to the identification of overrepresented metabolic processes. Information about the genetic regulation of these processes and the molecular mechanisms and roles of viral proteins in the revealed disturbed function of metabolic processes is overlooked. Metabolomic analysis of plasma of COVID-19 patients and the controls using the high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS) was performed. 103 metabolites were shown to differ significantly in the compared groups. Among KEGG metabolic pathways, amino acid metabolism and the biosynthesis of aminoacyl-tRNAs were overrepresented. Using ANDSystem software, the reconstruction of gene networks describing the potential genetic regulation of metabolic pathways perturbed in COVID-19 patients by SARS-CoV-2 proteins was performed. Viral proteins orf8, E, and nsp5 were involved in the greater number of regulatory pathways. The reconstructed gene networks suggest the hypotheses on the molecular mechanisms of virus-host interactions in COVID-19 pathology and provide a basis for further experimental and computer studies of the regulation of metabolic pathways by SARS-CoV-2 proteins.
Investigation of Na+, K+ and Ca2+ distribution and ion fluxes of the halophyte Chinese iris under NaCl stress by non-destructive and micro-invasive techniques
Authors: Lan Tian , Xu Yingying , Guo Shiwen , Yang Wei , Li Pinfang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Chinese Iris (Iris lactea Pall. var. chinensis (Fisch) Koidz.) is a high salt tolerant green vegetation. The objective of this study was to probe the ionic balance mechanism of Iris under salt stress. Iris were cultivated in hydroponic system supplemented with Hogland nutrition solution under greenhouse condition. After 20 d of cultivation, Iris were treated with 0, 70, 140, 210 and 280 mmol L-1 NaCl. The growth status, ion content and ion fluxes of roots and leaves were measured after 10 d of NaCl treatment. Chose 0, 210 mmol L-1 NaCl treatment to detect Na+, K+, H+, Ca2+ net fluxes by non-invasive micro-test technique. Our major results are as follows: (1) Iris growth were impaired under NaCl stress, the length, fresh and dry weight were significantly reduced; (2) Iris has the ability to accumulate Na+ in roots and increase transportation of K+, Ca2+ to leaves; (3) The roots of Iris displayed a significant increase of Na+, K+ efflux and decrease of H+ efflux, the efflux of Na+, K+ increased about 2.5, 85.4 times respectively under 210 mmol L-1 NaCl stress, and the efflux of H+ decreased 76.6% as compared to control. The roots Ca2+ showed a net efflux under normal condition and a net influx under stress condition. The leaves displayed a significant increase of Na+ influx and decrease of K+ efflux.
CD1C is associated with Breast Cancer Prognosis and Immune Infiltrates
Authors: Chen Xiao , Zhang Jianzhong , Lei Xinhan , Yang Lei , Li Wanwan , Zheng Lu , Zhang Shuai , Ding Yihan , Shi Jianing , Zhang Lei , Tang Tong , Jia Wenjun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Tumor microenvironment (TME) in breast cancer has a vital role in occurrence, development, and therapeutic responses. However, immune and stroma constituents in TME are major obstacles to understanding and treating breast cancer. We evaluated the significance of TME related genes in breast cancer.Methods: Invasive breast cancer (BRCA) samples were retrieved from TCGA and GEO databases. Stroma and immune scores of samples as well as the proportion of tumor infiltrating immune cells (TICs) were calculated using ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms. TME-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by protein interaction (PPI) network and univariate Cox regression to determine CD1c as hub gene. Subsequently, the prognostic value of CD1c, its response to immunotherapy and its mechanism in TME were further studied.Results: In BRCA, DEGs were identified to identify CD1C as hub gene. The differential expression level of CD1C in BRCA patients and the correlation between prognosis and clinical features were verified based on TCGA database and immunohistochemical staining (IHC) results. Enrichment analysis of GSEA and GSVA showed that CD1C take participate in immune-associated signaling pathways. CIBERSORT showed that CD1C levels were associated with tumor immune infiltrating cells (TILs), such as different kinds of T cells. Gene co-expression analysis showed that CD1C and most of immune-associated genes were co-expressed in BRCA. In renal cell carcinoma, patients with high expression of CD1C have better effect of immunotherapy.Conclusion: CD1C is an important part of TME and participates in immune activity regulation in breast tumors. CD1C is expected to become a prognostic marker and a new treatment target for breast cancer.
In vitro selection of chili (Capsicum annum) varieties tolerant to declined nitrogen supplements
Authors: Jathunarachchi A.S. , Salgadoe A.S.A. , Gimhani D.R. , Weerakoon H.M. , Perera P.I.P. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Area of crop cultivation can be increased by selecting the suitable genetic resources adapted for the relevant selection pressure. The areas with sandy soil and extremely higher temperature, used for crop cultivation, creates problems of ground water contamination due the extensive and frequent application of Nitrogen (N) fertilizer combined with heavy irrigation. The tolerant chili varieties for the declined N is a potential solution to overcome the aforementioned problems. Thirteen commercial chili varieties were assessed in three NH4NO3 levels (656.25, 437.5, 218.75 mg/L) representing 75, 50 and 25% of the full strength of 875 mg/L, using 60 seedlings per each level in a duplicate experiment. The recorded parameters of number of leaves and roots, length of roots and shoots, dry weight of shoots and roots and chlorophyll content, and their Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI) were analyzed using the statistical tools of ANOVA, Tukey test, PCA, Coefficient Correlation analysis and the Hierarchical Cluster Analysis. The N content in the biomass of selected varieties at different tolerant categories were analyzed. Results revealed that the in vitro technique is a feasible and efficient method for identifying the N-tolerant varieties. Vijaya F1, Lanka Hot, Devnur Deluxe and Kodian Hot were identified as the tolerant varieties and Ragini as a highly susceptible variety. Other varieties fall in between the two extremes. The accuracy of the categorization was confirmed by the N assay with comparable N at each level in tolerant varieties and a significant drop in susceptible varieties where a genotypes-dependent absorption efficiency was demonstrated.
Sentiment Analysis of Tweets using Text and Graph Multi-views learning
Authors: Singh Loitongbam Gyanendro , Singh Sanasam Ranbir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
With the surge of deep learning framework, various studies have attempted to address the challenges of sentiment analysis of tweets (data sparsity, under-specificity, noise, and multilingual content) through text and network-based representation learning approaches. However, limited studies on combining the benefits of textual and structural (graph) representations for sentiment analysis of tweets have been carried out. This study proposes a multi-view learning framework (end-to-end and ensemble-based) that leverages both text-based and graph-based representation learning approaches to enrich the tweet representation for sentiment classification. The efficacy of the proposed framework is evaluated over three datasets using suitable baseline counterparts. From various experimental studies, it is observed that combining both textual and structural views can achieve better performance of sentiment classification tasks than its counterparts.
Insight of cellulose dissolution in ionic liquid from hydrogen bonding prospect: First-Principles Calculations
Authors: Lu Xingmei , Xu Shujun , Chen Jiazhen , Ni Liufang , Ma Xiaojuan , Cao Shilin , Gao Haili 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Anions are always considered to explain most of the cellulose dissolution in the ionic liquid; where electron donor theory is always used to elaborate cellulose dissolution in the ionic liquids with different anions. However, the theory does not apply to ionic liquids with different alkyl chain anions. Herein, the hydrogen bond theory was proposed to further explain cellulose dissolution from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole carboxylate ionic liquids with different alkyl chains including ([Amim][HCOO], [Amim][CH3COO], [Amim][CH3CH2COO ], [Amim] [CH3CH2CH2COO]) were investigated. The DFT results indicated that the alkyl chains of the anions directly affect the hydrogen bond and the interaction energy between the cations and anions; where the length of the hydrogen bonds between cation and anion is the most predominant factor for determining the polarity parameter β value of the ionic liquid itself and therefore governing cellulose dissolution. Moreover, a shorter length of hydrogen bonds between the anions of ionic liquid and cellobiose referred to a better solubility of cellulose in the ionic liquids.
Vibration therapy in young children with mild to moderate cerebral palsy: Does frequency and treatment duration matter? A randomised-controlled study
Authors: Adaikina Alena , Derraik José G B , Hofman Paul L , Gusso Silmara 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Vibration therapy (VT) has been increasingly studied in children with cerebral palsy (CP) over the last years, however, optimal therapeutic VT protocols are yet to be determined. The present study compared the effect of VT protocols varied in frequency and treatment duration on the health of young children with mild-to-moderate CP. Methods: 34 participants aged 6.0 to 12.6 years with CP acted as their own controls and underwent two consecutive study periods: a 12-week lead-in (control) period prior to the intervention period of 20-week side-alternating VT (9 min/session, four days/week), with the frequency either 20 Hz or 25 Hz, determined by randomisation. Participants had 4 assessment visits: baseline, after the control period, after 12-week VT (12VT), and after further 8 weeks of VT (i.e., 20-week VT; 20VT). Assessments included 6-minute walk test (6MWT); dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; gross motor function; muscle function testing on the Leonardo mechanography plate and by hand-held dynamometry, and a quality-of-life questionnaire (CP QOL). Analysis was carried out using linear mixed models based on repeated measures.Results: VT was well-tolerated, with occasional mild itchiness reported. The median compliance level was 99%. VT led to improvements in 6MWT (+23 m; p=0.007 after 20VT), gross motor function in standing skills (+0.8 points; p=0.008 after 12VT; and +1.3 points; p=0.001 after 20VT) and in walking, running and jumping skills (+2.5 points; p<0.0001 after 12VT; and +3.7 points; p<0.0001 after 20VT), spine bone mineral density z-score (+0.14; p=0.015 after 20VT), velocity rise maximum of the chair rising test (+0.14 m/s; p=0.021 after 20VT), force maximum of the single two-leg jump test (+0.30 N/kg; p=0.0005 after 12VT; and +0.46 N/kg; p=0.022 after 20VT) and in the health module of CP QOL (+7 points; p=0.0095 after 20VT). There were no observed differences between the two VT frequencies (i.e., 20 Hz vs 25 Hz) on study outcomes. Conclusions: The study confirms that VT has positive effects on mobility, gross motor function, body composition, muscle function, and quality of life, independent of VT frequencies tested. Long-term, 20VT appears to be a more efficient treatment duration than a short-term, 12VT.Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618002026202; 18/12/2018.