bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening and characterization of a nitrilase with significant nitrile hydratase activity
Authors: Zhang Ke , Pan Tingze , Wang Liuzhu , Wang Hualei , Ren Yuhong , Wei Dongzhi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose We screened nitrilases with significant nitrile hydratase activity to exploit their potential in aromatic amide biosynthesis. We also investigated the factors affecting their hydration activity to support further research on aromatic amide production by nitrilase.Methods A semi-rational screening method based on previously reported crucial positions identified to be essential for amide-forming capacity of nitrilase (referred to as “amide-formation hotspots”) was built and used for nitrilases identification. Results Based on the previously reported “amide-formation hotspots,” we identified a nitrilase NitPG from Paraburkholderia graminis DSM 17151 that could produce a significant amount of mandelamide toward mandelonitrile and exhibited general hydration activity toward various aromatic nitriles. The time-course experiment with NitPG demonstrated that amide was also a true reaction product of nitrilase, suggesting that the nitrile catalysis by amide-forming nitrilase could be a post-transition state bifurcation–mediated enzymatic reaction. Further research demonstrated that low temperature, metal ion addition, and specific substrate structure could profoundly improve the amide formation capability of nitrilase. Conclusions NitPG with broad hydration activity is a potential candidate for the enzymatic synthesis of aromatic amides for biotechnological applications. Studying the effect of nitrilase hydration activity could promote our understanding of the factors that influence amide and acid distribution.
A systematic bibliometric review of low impact development research articles
Authors: You Jin , Chen Xiang , Chen Liang , Chen Jianghai , Chai Beibei , Kang Aiqing , Lei Xiaohui , Wang Shuqian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
By collecting the low impact development (LID)-related publications from 2004 to 2021 in Chinese and English based on the WOS and CNKI databases, the information visualization analysis software entitled “CiteSpace” is exploited to carry out statistical analysis and visualization. The scrutiny is conducted based on three main aspects: bibliometrics, hotspot keyword co-occurrence and clustering, and co-citation clustering, in an attempt to perform a systematic review of the current LID research. The obtained results reveal that: (i) studies from countries other than China mainly are aimed to focus on the improvement and expansion of the research framework, while Chinese ones focus on the application of technologies related to sponge city construction; (ii) investigations from other countries emphasize on the impact of global climate change, while Chinese ones focus on the impact of land-use type changes; (iii) performed studies from other countries focus on the optimization of the LID parameters through experimental research, while Chinese ones determine the type, quantity, location, and combination of optimal LID measures based on the model simulation.
Dephenolization pyrolysis fluid improved physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of saline-alkali soils
Authors: Wang Shuai , Chang Hanyu , Dong Zhenfei , Ren Yansen , Tan Tianle , deng hui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Because of its acidity, biomass pyrolytic fluid (BPF) had been paid attention in the amelioration of saline soil. However, BPF contained biotoxic phenolic compounds and must be refined before use. Most of the existing refining methods were cumbersome and uneconomical. A simple one-step salting-out extraction system of was developed. BPF was successfully divided into upper and lower phases, and most phenolic substances were concentrated in the upper phase. The lower phase diluted 400 times at the pyrolysis temperature of 500℃ was added into saline-alkali soil, which greatly increased the content of soil available nutrients. Under the action of organic acids, soil pH and total salt content could be reduced effectively, and soil enzyme activities can be increased. Microbial community analysis showed that the addition of LP could increase the proportion of Actinomycetes, which played a beneficial role in improving soil fertility, and then improved the growth of Chinese cabbage.
Compressively strained Triple-layer IrO6/MnO6 Octahedral Nanosheets for Oxygen Evolution in Acid Media
Authors: zhao Wenli , Xu Fenghua , Pan Zhipeng , Liu Min , Weng Baicheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Oxygen electrochemistry plays a key role in renewable energy technologies such as fuel cells and electrolyzers, but its slow kinetics limits the performance and commercialization of such devices. Here, a novel triple-layer IrO6/MnO6 nanosheet was developed by a simple hydrothermal method. During the substitution of Mn by Ir, lattice compressive strain is introduced into the IrO6/MnO6 nanosheets, thereby tuning their electronic structure to suit the favorite oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. This compressively strained nanosheet catalyst exhibits an excellent mass activity of 7882 A g− 1 at an overpotential of 270 mV in 0.5 M H2SO4, and reaches 10, 50 and 100 mA cm− 2 at overpotentials of only 62 mV, 197 mV and 234 mV, respectively, ranking the highest OER activity among the state-of-the-art values in acid media. The catalyst exhibits a remarkable stability even at 300 mA cm− 2 in 0.5 M H2SO4. Using the nanosheets as OER catalyst and NiMo alloy as hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst, a two-electrode electrolyzer achieves 10 mA cm− 2 with only a cell voltage of 1.46 V for overall water splitting in 0.5 M H2SO4. This strategy enables the material with high feasibility for practical applications on hydrogen production.
Topological transitions in fluid lipid vesicles: activation energy and force fields
Authors: Bottacchiari Matteo , Gallo Mirko , Bussoletti Marco , Casciola Carlo Massimo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Topological transitions of fluid lipid membranes are fundamental processes for cell life. For ex- ample, they are required for endo- and exocytosis or to enable neurotransmitters to cross the neural synapses. Inspired by the idea that fusion and fission proteins could have evolved in Nature in order to carry out a minimal work expenditure, we evaluate the minimal free energy pathway for the transition between two spherical large unilamellar vesicles and a dumbbell-shaped one. To address the problem, we propose and successfully use a Ginzburg-Landau type free energy, which allows us to uniquely describe without interruption the whole, full-scale topological change. We also compute the force fields needed to overcome the involved energy barriers. The obtained forces are in excellent agreement, in terms of intensity, scale, and spatial localization with experimental data on typical fission protein systems, whereas they suggest the presence of additional features in fusion proteins.
Feasibility of a physiotherapy-based Godelive Denys-Struyf (GDS) muscle and articulation chain treatment for patients with chronic low back pain and lumbar disc degeneration: a pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Grotle Margreth , Lombardo Sidsel , Småstuen Milada Cvancarova , Hilde Gunvor 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPatients with chronic low back pain (LBP) and lumbar disc degeneration are recommended to try out non-surgical treatment options before surgery. There is need for good non-surgical alternatives that can be adapted to the patient’s needs and level of function. The aim of this pilot trial was to test study feasibility of a future full randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the feasibility and benefit of the physiotherapy-based Godelieve Denys Struyf (GDS) muscle and articulation chain treatment for patients referred to surgical assessment in a hospital outpatient clinic. MethodsThis study is a single-centre, two-arm pilot RCT conducted in a regional hospital in Norway. Patients of age 35-75 years with chronic (> 3 months) LBP and degenerative lumbar disc(s) verified by imaging, were included. They filled in a baseline questionnaire prior to randomization, including the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), numerical rating scale for pain in back and pain in leg, and the EuroQoL 5L. Patients in the control group were free to use treatment as usual. Patients in the intervention group received 8 sessions of GDS muscle and articulation chain treatment. ResultsThe recruitment rate was slow, half of the referred patients met the inclusion criteria, but majority of eligible participants (94%) were willing to participate. A total of 30 patients were randomized into the two groups. The randomization led to skewed distribution of radiating leg pain in the two groups. All participants except one (97%) completed four months followup. No serious adverse events attributable to the trial treatments were reported. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and leg pain intensity scale were both suitable as primary outcomes in a full trial. The mean change in the ODI score was 8.7 (SD 16.1) points in the GDS arm whereas there was a minor deterioration in the ODI scores of −3.7 (7.5) points in the control arm. A sample size calculation based on the ODI scores resulted in a Number Needed to Treat of 3. ConclusionsA future full RCT is feasible and would provide evidence about the effectiveness of a GDS treatment for patients with chronic LBP with degenerative disc degeneration.Trial registrationClinical trials.gov ID: 910193
Large-scale climate response to regionally confined extratropical cooling: Effect of ocean dynamics
Authors: Kim Jiyeong , Kang Sarah M , Xie Shang-Ping , Xiang Baoqiang , Zheng Xiao-Tong , Wang Hai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of ocean dynamics on the tropical climate response to localized radiative cooling over three northern extratropical land regions using hierarchical model simulations that vary in the degree of ocean coupling. Without ocean dynamics, the tropical climate response is independent of the extratropical forcing location, characterized by a southward tropical precipitation shift with a high degree of zonal symmetry, a reduced zonal sea surface temperature (SST) gradient along the equatorial Pacific, and the eastward-shifted Walker circulation. When ocean dynamical adjustments are allowed, the zonal-mean tropical precipitation shift is damped primarily via Eulerian-mean ocean heat transport. The oceanic damping effect is strongest (weakest) for North Asian (American) cooling, associated with the largest (smallest) Eulerian-mean ocean heat transport across the equatorial Pacific. The cross-equatorial ocean heat transport in the Pacific is anchored to the North Pacific subtropical high, the response of which can be inferred from the corresponding slab ocean simulations. Hence, the slab ocean simulations provide useful a priori predictions for oceanic damping efficiency. Ocean dynamics also modulates the spatial pattern of climate response in a distinct manner depending on the forcing location. North Asian forcing induces a pronounced eastern equatorial Pacific cooling extending to the western basin, accompanying the westward shifted Walker circulation. European forcing causes cooling confined to the eastern equatorial Pacific and strengthens the Walker circulation. The tropical precipitation response in these two cases exhibits large zonal variations with a high degree of equatorial symmetry, being essentially uncorrelated with the corresponding slab ocean simulations. By contrast, North American forcing induces a sufficiently strong inter-hemispheric contrast in the tropical Pacific SST response, due to the relatively weak oceanic damping effect, producing a weaker but spatially similar tropical response to that in the slab ocean simulation. This study demonstrates that the effect of ocean dynamics in modulating the tropical climate response depends on the extratropical forcing location. The results are relevant for understanding the distinct climate response induced by aerosols from different continental sites.
Effects of Probiotics on peripheral immunity in Parkinson’s Disease: a pilot, randomized, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of Probiotics in modulating peripheral immunity in subjects with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Martini Stefano , Marino Franca , Magistrelli Luca , Contaldi Elena , Cosentino Marco , Comi Cristoforo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. No disease-modifying treatment is available and therapy is symptomatic. The histopathologic hallmark is the loss of dopaminergic neurons and accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in surviving neurons, but the underlying pathophysiology is unclear. Inflammatory mechanisms seem to play a prominent role, with an imbalance of immune functions and neurotoxicity caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). An involvement of peripheral adaptive immunity, with an imbalance in T cell subpopulations and in the expression of transcriptional factors in CD4+ T cells has also been reported in PD patients. Although clinical presentation is defined by the presence of motor symptoms, patients often also report non-motor symptoms, often before the onset of a clinically established disease. Etiopathogenesis of PD is unknown, but an initial aggregation of α-syn in the gut with subsequent propagation along the vagus nerve to the brain has been hypothesised. Interestingly, in an α-syn overexpressing murine model, the absence of gut microbiota prevented both microglia activation and motor impairment, thus pointing to a fundamental role of microbiota in the development of PD. Magistrelli et al. showed that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of PD patients, probiotics modulate the in vitro production of cytokines toward an antiinflammatory profile and to reduce the production of ROS. Methods This is a pilot randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial. At least 80 patients affected by PD will be recruited and randomly allocated to either the treatment or placebo group in a 1:1 ratio. General inclusion criteria will be onset of PD 2 to 5 years before trial and absence of autoimmune comorbidities or immunomodulating therapy. Our primary endpoint is the assessment of changes in extracellular cytokine levels (Interferon (IFN)-γ, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10), and ROS production. Secondary outcomes include changes in lymphocytes subpopulations, transcriptional factors mRNA levels. Discussion This study is designed to highlight the potential beneficial role of probiotics administration on peripheral immunity through modulation of gut microbiota. Explorative outcomes will be evaluated to assess variations in motor and non-motor symptoms and the possible correlation with probiotics administration. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05173701. Registered 08 November 2021, https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT05173701
The effect of APN, hs-CRP and APN/hs-CRP in periodontitis with DAA
Authors: Cheng Rui , Xu Xiaojiang , Yang Shurong , mi Zhongqian , Zhao Yong , Wang Chong , Shi Xuexue , gao Jinhua , Yu feiyan , Ren Xiuyun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Common chronic infections induced low-grade inflammation has been correlated with atherosclerosis as supported by strong evidence. The balance between pro-and anti-inflammatory factors was exploited to elucidate the effects of chronic periodontitis on diabetes-related atherosclerosis.Methods: Study subjects encompassed 30 SPF male rats randomly divided into four groups: A group (NC), B group (T2DM), C group (CP), D group (DM+CP). After developing the model, blood samples were collected from the angular vein analyze serum APN, hs-CRP, and blood lipid. the carotid artery was isolated for HE staining.Result: Compared with group A, the serum APN in group B, C and D decreased gradually with the progression of the disease. Serum hS-CRP in group B, C and D was significantly increased. At T3, T4 and T5 in group B, C and D, APN/hs-CRP significantly decreased .TC, LDL and TG significantly increased in group B, D; HDL significantly decreased in group C. Carotid artery HE staining showed: compared with group A, different degrees of endothelial defect, destruction of elastic fibers in the middle membrane, disorder of smooth muscle arrangement, and partial dissolution 、 fragmentation and Calcium salt deposition necrosis occurred in group B, C and D.Conclusion: Enhanced systemic inflammation, decreased adiponectin level, and disorganized lipid metabolism with or without type 2 diabetes attributed to local inflammation of periodontitis can result in an imbalance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, it’s more meaningful to predict the progression of diabetes-related atherosclerosis with anti-inflammatory/pro-inflammatory variation.
ML-guided discovery of La-Co-Pb ternary compounds involving immiscible pairs of Co and Pb elements
Authors: Wang Caizhuang , Wang Renhai , Xia Weiyi , Slade Tyler , Fan Xinyu , Dong Huafeng , Ho Kai-Ming , Canfield Paul 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Ternary compounds with an immiscible pair of elements are relatively unexplored but promising for novel quantum materials discovery. Exploring what third element and its ratio that can be added to make stable ternary compounds out of an immiscible pair of elements remains a great challenge because the number of possible combinatorial combinations of chemical compositions and crystal structures is enormous. In this work, we combine a machine learning (ML) method with ab initio calculations to efficiently search for the energetically favorable ternary La-Co-Pb compounds containing immiscible elements Co and Pb. Three previously reported structures are correctly captured by our approach even though these structures are excluded from the database for ML. Moreover, we predict a new stable La3CoPb compound and 57 low-energy La-Co-Pb ternary compounds whose formation energies are less than 100 meV/atom above the convex hull. Attempts to synthesize La3CoPb via multiple techniques ranging from arc melting and annealing, solid state reactions, and high pressure synthesis produce mixed or multi-phases samples with, at best, ambiguous signals of the predicted lowest-energy La3CoPb and the second lowest-energy La18Co28Pb3 phases.
Magnetic Field Mapping of Inaccessible Regions Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks
Authors: Coskun Umit H. , Sel Bilgehan , Plaster Brad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A difficult problem concerns the determination of magnetic field components within an experimentally inaccessible region when direct field measurements are not feasible. In this paper, we propose a new method of accessing magnetic field components using non-disruptive magnetic field measurements on a surface enclosing the experimental region. Magnetic field components in the experimental region are predicted by solving a set of partial differential equations (Ampere's law and Gauss' law for magnetism) numerically with the aid of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). Prediction errors due to noisy magnetic field measurements and small number of magnetic field measurements are regularized by the physics information term in the loss function. We benchmark our model by comparing it with an older method. The new method we present will be of broad interest to experiments requiring precise determination of magnetic field components, such as searches for the neutron electric dipole moment.
A study on the influencing factors of social support on the quit smoking among community smokers in Beijing,China
Authors: GU Mingyu , LI Xingming , QIN Tingting , QIAO Kun , BAI Xinyuan , WANG Yao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
To study the effect of social support on quit smoking, to provide theoretical reference and suggestions for the construction of social support for tobacco control.
Methods
Based on the design idea of case-control study, adult smokers who participated in the community smoking cessation intervention project in Beijing were selected as the study objects, and they were divided into successful quit smoking group and unsuccessful quit smoking group. The status of the public tobacco control policy, community tobacco exposure, and the environment of household tobacco control were compared between groups, and a structural equation modeling was established for ConfirmatoryFactorAnalysis.
Results
Our descriptive results showed that there were statistical differences in quit smoking results among smokers with different household tobacco control regulations, workplace tobacco control regulations and the number of smokers in the family, meanwhile there were differences in the 6-month smoking reduction with different levels of tobacco harm knowledge promotion and the interval between smoking behaviors at home. And the multivariate analysis indicated that household tobacco control regulations (OR = 1.302, 95%CI: 1.003 ~ 1.690), workplace tobacco control regulations (OR = 1.273, 95%CI: 1.052 ~ 1.540), the interval between smoking behaviors at home (OR = 1.145, 95%CI: 1.019 ~ 1.287) have statistical association with quit smoking. while the results of structural equation modeling found that public tobacco control policy (β = 0.388, P = 0.026) and the environment of household tobacco control (β = 0.368, P = 0.022) had statistical influence on quit smoking.
Conclusion
Public tobacco control policies and the environment of household tobacco control have substantial impact on the quit smoking. Specifically, household tobacco control regulations, workplace tobacco control regulations, tobacco harm knowledge publicity and the interval between smoking behaviors at home have a positive impact on the quit smoking effect of smokers, and the number of smokers in the family has a negative impact on the quit smoking.
Prevenance of SCC mec type V, Novel ST 243 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain from Indian seafood products
Authors: Sivaraman Gopalan Krishnan , Gupta Sobin , Sivam Visnuvinayagam , T Muthulakshmi , Elanovan Ravikrishnan , Perumal Vivekanandan , Balasubramanium Ganesh , Lodha Tushar , Yadav Amit 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Compared to the clinical sector, the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the food sector is relatively low. However, their presence in seafood is a significant public health concern. In India, fish and fishery products are maximally manually handled compared to other food products. In this study, 498 fish samples were collected at various conditions (fresh, chilled or dressed) and representatives from their surroundings. These samples were screened for the incidence of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus (CPS), determining its antimicrobial resistance, MRSA and genetic profile. It is observed that 15.0% and 3.0% of the total samples were screened positive for CPS and MRSA. The S. aureus strain MRSARF-10 showed higher resistance to linezolid, co-trimoxazole, cefoxitin, ofloxacin, gentamicin, rifampicin, ampicillin/sulbactam and Piperacillin–tazobactam. This MRSA, spa type t021 and SCC mec type V strain isolated from dried ribbon fish (Family Trachipteridae) carried virulence factors for exoenzymes such as aureolysin, serine, toxin genes and a novel MLST ST 243, as revealed from its draft-genome sequence. This highly pathogenic, multidrug-resistant and virulent S. aureus novel strain is circulating in the environment with chances of spreading among the seafood workers and environment. It is further suggested that Good Hygienic Practices recommended by World Health Organization need to be followed during the different stages of seafood processing to provide pathogen-free fish and fishery products to the consumers.