bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Certain Conditions for a Finsler Manifold to Be Isometric with a Finsler Sphere
Authors: Yin Songting , Wang Huarong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We show that if there is a smooth function
f
on a Finsler
n
-space
M
satisfying Δ2

f
= −
kfg

Δ

f
for a positive constant
k
, then
M
is diffeomorphic with the
n
-sphere 𝕊
n
, where
g
denotes the weighted Riemannian metric. Moreover, we further show that the manifold is isometric to a Finsler sphere if the Ricci curvature is bounded below by (
n
− [one.tf])
k
and the
S
-curvature vanishes.
Interplay between language and identity: Chinese returnee scholars in the internationalisation of higher education
Authors: Du Xujia , Tao Jian , Gao Xuesong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Returnee scholars are regarded as key agents to advance internationalisation in many non-Anglophone countries where internationalisation through the medium of English has raised concerns about the preservation of national language, culture, and identity. This study investigated how eight Chinese returnee scholars used their linguistic repertoires in their professional practice and daily lives and how their language practices interacted with multiple identities. Gathering data from a questionnaire, semi-structured interview, and regular class observations, this study reveals that in research, all participants predominantly used English and many expressed concerns about their Chinese academic writing skills. In teaching and daily lives, most participants embraced bilingualism and were open to translingual practices. The participants’ language practices appeared to be linked to their self-conception as competent English users and English-mediated ideal professional identities. However, their bilingual practices did not correspond to a bicultural identity, indicating a disconnect between language use and cultural belonging. Drawing on the findings, suggestions are offered for institution- and state-level authorities to better facilitate the integration of returnee scholars into their home academic communities and to promote academic multilingualism.
A numerical investigation of optimum angles for solar energy receivers in the eastern part of Algeria
Authors: Bennour Fethi , Mzad Hocine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The need to capture the maximum amount of solar energy and to optimize the panels’ collecting surfaces are among the primary objectives of research in solar engineering. The simplest way to accomplish this is to perform a monthly accurate determination of the solar collector’s proper slope and azimuth angles. Indeed, this is the aim of this article, which consists of a graphical optimization based on the Gueymard’s daily integration model. A Matlab program was developed to predict the hourly solar radiation on a solar receiver using the Gueymard model in conjunction with the Liu and Jordan isotropic, Perez, and HDKR anisotropic models. A comprehensive simulation of the monthly solar irradiation throughout 2018 was executed for the city of Annaba, in north–eastern Algeria. The results indicate that the south-facing surface azimuth angle is the most appropriate. In fact, for maximum sunlight capture, the solar collector inclination must be adjusted each month in the range of [10–40°]. Furthermore, the results show that the gains in the amount of solar radiation received throughout the year by the thermal panel mounted at monthly optimum tilt angles are 15.63% in January and 7.37% in July.
Design and performance evaluation of next generation access network based on advanced optical carrier generator
Authors: Rashid Khammas Namariq , Khalf Bashar Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Passive optical network (PON) was designed in this paper. The design aim was to locate faulty line of service professionally without extra effort. In the literature, there were various PON-design methodologies. However, a design with fewer components and less faulty line tracking was a challenge. The suggested approach tried to overcome the leakage in the state-of-the-art, such that, the PON network would be able to serve forty-eight optical network units (ONUs). At the same time, the design has to have the capability to distinguish the dropped line of service straightforwardly. The design in this thesis mainly depends on the fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) to create six-groups, in each group, there are eight-branches. Each branch serves as an end-user/customer point. The capacity of fault location was achieved for ONUs distanced/located as far as 20 Km from the central office (CO). There was only one optical spectrum analyser (OSA) inside the CO. This OSA employed to monitor the whole network groups, i.e., forty-eight branches/ONU were screened inside the CO to predict the fault location. The system is built using the OptiSystem software package version 14.
Investigating Role of Technological and Organizational Factors Towards Students’ Knowledge Sharing Behavior in Pakistan
Authors: Safdar Muhammad , Batool Syeda Hina , Mahmood Khalid 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study aims to determine engineering students’ behavior towards Knowledge Sharing (KS). Researchers also investigated the effect of technological and organizational factors on students’ behavior towards KS. Another purpose of this paper was to identify the difference among different universities’ students regarding their KSB. The authors conducted this study using quantitative methodology. The population of the study was engineering students admitted in 10 Pakistani universities based in different Pakistani provinces and capital. Results confirmed that the majority of Pakistani engineering students were sharing knowledge with their fellows with good frequency. It was also found that students of different universities differed significantly regarding their KSB. However, factors related with technology and organization did not influence (significantly) KSB of engineering students of Pakistan. Results might facilitate students and organizations, especially related to the field of education in understanding the role of technological and organizational related factors towards students’ KSB.
A passive verses active exposure of mathematical smoking model: A role for optimal and dynamical control
Authors: Hussain Takasar , Awan Aziz Ullah , Abro Kashif Ali , Ozair Muhammad , Manzoor Mehwish , Gómez-Aguilar José Francisco , Galal Ahmed M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Smoking has become one of the major causes of health problems around the globe. It harms almost every organ of the body. It causes lung cancer and damage of different muscles. It also produces vascular deterioration, pulmonary disease, and ulcer. There is no advantage to smoking except the monetary one to the tobacco producers, manufacturers, and advertisers. Due to these facts, a passive verse active exposure of mathematical smoking model has been analyzed subject to the dynamical aspects for giving up smoking. In this context, mathematical modelling and qualitative analysis have been traced out for smoking model having five classes. Mathematical forms of smoke absent and smoke present points of equilibrium have been calculated for knowing optimal and dynamical control. By making use of the Lyapunov function theory, we have shown the global asymptotic behavior of smoke-free equilibrium for threshold parameter

R

0

<
1

{R}_{0}\lt 1

. The ability to observe theoretically and through graphs is invoked to study the general behavior of single smoke present point. To make effective, vigorous, authentic, and stable strategies to control the disease, we have performed the sensitivity examination of threshold parameter and disease, present apartments.
Chemistry of azo-imine based palladium complexes: a brief review
Authors: Mandal Paritosh , Pratihar Jahar L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper provides a general overview of palladium complexes incorporating numerous multidentate azo-imine ligands, their structural diversity, synthetic protocol, interesting properties such as redox properties, biological activity and their further application on C – N coupling reactions, C – C cross-coupling reactions (e.g., Suzuki and Heck) and catalytic activity on different organic transformations. A detailed literature survey revealed that no brief review has yet been published on the azo-azomethine-based palladium complex. Therefore, the present review incorporates the research undertaken on the synthetic strategies and coordinating behaviour of various azo-imine ligands with palladium metal centre and a few important properties of metal complexes.
On determination of the number of factors in an approximate factor model
Authors: Liu Jinshan , Pan Jiazhu , Xia Qiang , Xiao Li 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a ridge-type method for determining the number of factors in an approximate factor model. The new estimator of factor number is obtained by maximizing both the ratio of two adjacent eigenvalues and the cumulative contribution rate of the factors which represents the explanatory power of the common factors for response variables. Our estimator is proved to be as asymptotically consistent as those in (Ahn, S., and A. Horenstein. 2013. “Eigenvalue Ratio Test for the Number of Factors.” Econometrica 81: 1203–27). But Monte Carlo simulation experiments show our method has better correct selection rates in finite sample cases. A real data example is given for illustration.
Effect of Silicon Element on the Solid Solubility of Carbon in α-Fe
Authors: Wang Tiemin , Zhang Lei , Su Fuyong , Wen Zhi , Tao Shuming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The VASP (Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package) software package developed by the Hafner team at the University of Vienna was used to calculate the bonding involving the element in the system when silicon is added to a complex of α-Fe and carbon(α-Fe(C)). The interaction energies of silicon with carbon elements in their different neighbor locations in the matrix of α-Fe(C) matrix are obtained, and the electronic structure of a complex composed of α-Fe(C) and silicon(α-Fe(C)-Si) and the interaction between silicon and carbon in the α-Fe matrix are further analyzed. The influence of silicon on the solid solubility of carbon in the α-Fe matrix is analyzed and calculated on this basis. The results show that after a silicon atom is added to α-Fe(C), the silicon atom and iron atoms gain electrons, the carbon atom loses electrons, and bonds among the three are formed. The bonding electrons are mainly provided by iron atoms and the silicon atom. The atomic fraction of carbon element in the range of interaction with the silicon element in the α-Fe(C)-Si system is higher than the average atomic fraction of carbon in the α-Fe(C) system without the silicon element. The results show that the solid solubility of the carbon element in α-Fe increases after the silicon element is added.
Integrity of Neuronal Size in the Entorhinal Cortex Is a Biological Substrate of Exceptional Cognitive Aging
Authors: Nassif Caren , Kawles Allegra , Ayala Ivan , Minogue Grace , Gill Nathan P. , Shepard Robert A. , Zouridakis Antonia , Keszycki Rachel , Zhang Hui , Mao Qinwen , Flanagan Margaret E. , Bigio Eileen H. , Mesulam M.-Marsel , Rogalski Emily , Geula Changiz , Gefen Tamar 
Published: September 2022

Average aging is associated with a gradual decline of memory capacity. SuperAgers are humans ≥80 years of age who show exceptional episodic memory at least as good as individuals 20–30 years their junior. This study investigated whether neuronal integrity in the entorhinal cortex (ERC), an area critical for memory and selectively vulnerable to neurofibrillary degeneration, differentiated SuperAgers from cognitively healthy younger individuals, cognitively average peers (“Normal Elderly”), and individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Postmortem sections of the ERC were stained with cresyl violet to visualize neurons and immunostained with mouse monoclonal antibody PHF-1 to visualize neurofibrillary tangles. The cross-sectional area (i.e., size) of layer II and layer III/V ERC neurons were quantified. Two-thirds of total participants were female. Unbiased stereology was used to quantitate tangles in a subgroup of SuperAgers and Normal Elderly. Linear mixed-effect models were used to determine differences across groups. Quantitative measurements found that the soma size of layer II ERC neurons in postmortem brain specimens were significantly larger in SuperAgers compared with all groups (p< 0.05)—including younger individuals 20–30 years their junior (p< 0.005). SuperAgers had significantly fewer stereologically quantified Alzheimer's disease-related neurofibrillary tangles in layer II ERC than Normal Elderly (p< 0.05). This difference in tangle burden in layer II between SuperAgers and Normal Elderly suggests that tangle-bearing neurons may be prone to shrinkage during aging. The finding that SuperAgers show ERC layer II neurons that are substantially larger even compared with individuals 20–30 years younger is remarkable, suggesting that layer II ERC integrity is a biological substrate of exceptional memory in old age.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAverage aging is associated with a gradual decline of memory. Previous research shows that an area critical for memory, the entorhinal cortex (ERC), is susceptible to the early formation of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology, even during average (or typical) trajectories of aging. The Northwestern University SuperAging Research Program studies unique individuals known as SuperAgers, individuals ≥80 years old who show exceptional memory that is at least as good as individuals 20–30 years their junior. In this study, we show that SuperAgers harbor larger, healthier neurons in the ERC compared with their cognitively average same-aged peers, those with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and – remarkably – even compared with individuals 20–30 years younger. We conclude that larger ERC neurons are a biological signature of the SuperAging trajectory.
Variability of the Surface Area of the V1, V2, and V3 Maps in a Large Sample of Human Observers
Authors: Benson Noah C. , Yoon Jennifer M. D. , Forenzo Dylan , Engel Stephen A. , Kay Kendrick N. , Winawer Jonathan 
Published: September 2022

How variable is the functionally defined structure of early visual areas in human cortex and how much variability is shared between twins? Here we quantify individual differences in the best understood functionally defined regions of cortex: V1, V2, V3. The Human Connectome Project 7T Retinotopy Dataset includes retinotopic measurements from 181 subjects (109 female, 72 male), including many twins. We trained four “anatomists” to manually define V1-V3 using retinotopic features. These definitions were more accurate than automated anatomical templates and showed that surface areas for these maps varied more than threefold across individuals. This threefold variation was little changed when normalizing visual area size by the surface area of the entire cerebral cortex. In addition to varying in size, we find that visual areas vary in how they sample the visual field. Specifically, the cortical magnification function differed substantially among individuals, with the relative amount of cortex devoted to central vision varying by more than a factor of 2. To complement the variability analysis, we examined the similarity of visual area size and structure across twins. Whereas the twin sample sizes are too small to make precise heritability estimates (50 monozygotic pairs, 34 dizygotic pairs), they nonetheless reveal high correlations, consistent with strong effects of the combination of shared genes and environment on visual area size. Collectively, these results provide the most comprehensive account of individual variability in visual area structure to date, and provide a robust population benchmark against which new individuals and developmental and clinical populations can be compared.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAreas V1, V2, and V3 are among the best studied functionally defined regions in human cortex. Using the largest retinotopy dataset to date, we characterized the variability of these regions across individuals and the similarity between twin pairs. We find that the size of visual areas varies dramatically (up to 3.5×) across healthy young adults, far more than the variability of the cerebral cortex size as a whole. Much of this variability appears to arise from inherited factors, as we find very high correlations in visual area size between monozygotic twin pairs, and lower but still substantial correlations between dizygotic twin pairs. These results provide the most comprehensive assessment of how functionally defined visual cortex varies across the population to date.
Antioxidant properties and cytotoxic effects of Alternanthera sissoo and Alternanthera bettzickiana extracts against cancer cells
Authors: SAENGHA Worachot , KARIRAT Thipphiya , BURANRAT Benjaporn , KATISART Teeraporn , MA Nyuk Ling , LUANG-IN Vijitra 
Published: September 2022

This work aimed to evaluate the antioxidant capacities and cytotoxic attributes of Alternanthera sissoo (AS) and Alternanthera bettzickiana Green (AB) which are commonly grown in Thailand, yet not extensively-studied. Dried leaves were extracted by maceration using ethanol for 48 h and ethanolic extract solution was used. Cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, anti-migratory capacities and apoptosis-related gene expressions of AS and AB extracts on MCF-7, HepG2, and HeLa cell lines were investigated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetra zolium bromide (MTT) assay, anti-colony formation and wound healing test, respectively. The antioxidant activities by DPPH assay and FRAP assay of AS (130.62±1.61 µg TE/g extract and 24.76 ± 0.54 mg Fe(II)/g extract, respectively) were significantly higher than those of AB (104.34±3.68 µg TE/g extract and 23.13± 0.90 mg Fe(II)/g extract, respectively). Likewise, total phenolic content and the total flavonoid content of AS (7.43±0.39 mg GAE/g and 184.22±3.20 mg RE/g extract, respectively) were significantly higher than AB (6.10±0.29 mg GAE/g extract and 168.07±7.90 mg RE/g extract, respectively). HPLC analysis showed the predominance of myricetin, rutin and ferulic acid. For MCF-7, HepG2 and HeLa, the lowest IC50 values of 48.53 µg/mL, 69.94 µg/mL and 43.98 µg/mL, respectively were found in AS extract at 72 h exposure using MTT assay. Apoptotic bodies, gene expression and protein expressions related to apoptosis were more pronounced in AS treatment. Both AS and AB can be served as local foods with chemopreventive effects against breast, liver and cervical cancers. This work provided a foundation for future pharmacological research on Alternanthera plant extracts.
Comparative anatomy and pollen morphology of two endemic Noccaea species (Brassicaceae) and their taxonomic significance
Authors: ATASAGUN Bayram 
Published: September 2022

This study was conducted for extensive and systemic investigation of anatomical, palynological and seed morphological properties of two endemic Noccaea species, naturally growing in Turkey. Independent sample T-test and box plot were carried out using quantitative characters of the studied species. The anatomical results showed that the species had similar characteristics, though there were significant differences in root cortex cells and trachea; stem epidermis, cortex cell and endodermis; leaf upper and lower epidermis, lower cuticle, mesophyll and palisade parenchyma. Pollen grains of two endemic species were observed as radially symmetric, isopolar, with tricolpate aperture, prolate pollen shape and had small size. Pollen surface ornamentation was micro-reticulate in both species. Considering palynological characters, equatorial axis, AMB exine and intine have taxonomic importance. Seeds of N. birolmutlui were ovate to orbicular in shape and orange-brown in color, with colliculate ornamentation; however, the seeds of N. camlikensis were ovate to oblong in shape and brown and shiny in color, with colliculate-reticulate ornamentation.
Netflix's communication strategy on Twitter and Instagram during the unlock in Spain: humour, proximity and information
Authors: Gómez Erika Fernández , Martin-Quevedo Juan , Feijoo Fernández Beatriz 
Published: September 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic and the arrival of Disney + marked the second quarter of 2020 in the Spanish audiovisual market. Thus, the period of home confinement among the Spanish population coincided with the irruption of the new streaming service of one of the best-known and most loved brands worldwide. However, Netflix was the most consumed SVoD during this period.
The objective of this research is to find out what the Californian company has done in communicative terms as a market leader and in the face of the need to adapt to the new circumstances of its audiences. The results show how Netflix Spain has integrated COVID-19 in its social media strategy in the pass between the lockdown and maximum consumption to a progressive lessening of social restrictions. The content analysis of Twitter and Instagram found 121 messages regarding pandemic (from a total of 1380). Netflix employed Twitter to connect with its audiences with humor, proximity and information, using taboos in the hardest moments, and an increased frequency of publications as the health situation improved. On the contrary, on Instagram there was no specific strategy, but imitation of the practices on Twitter and scarce references to COVID. Besides, there has been an evolution of the messages more or less parallel to the public health changes, choosing a strategy of proximity with the users, and with a communication closer to an influencer rather than a company.
Influence of plant population density of <i>Chamaecrista rotundifolia</i> on its value for hay making in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil
Authors: Nascimento Angélica Lucelia da Silva , Abreu Natan Lima , Pantoja Raimundo Vagner de Lima , Oliveira Ingrid Stefanie Queiroz de , Gomes Josilene Do Nascimento , Chapuis René Jean Marie Poccard , Faria Letícia de Abreu 
Published: September 2022

Chamaecrista rotundifolia is a forage legume little used with Brazilian livestock; however, it has been studied for this purpose for over 40 years in Australia. The aim of this study was to characterize the influence of plant densities of approximately 444,400, 111,100 and 27,800 plants/ha (equivalent to spacings of 0.15 × 0.15; 0.30 × 0.30 and 0.60 × 0.60 m) on quantitative and qualitative parameters of C. rotundifolia grown in pure stands as forage under exclusive cropping for hay. While leaf dry matter yields in the first 93 days after planting ranged from 1.48 to 9.32 t DM/ha, declining to 0.71–4.92 t DM/ha in the subsequent 83 days, crude protein concentration of the material was only 7–8%. Since this species tends to lose leaf during periods of stress, larger paddock studies are needed to determine how well leaf material is retained under conventional hay-making conditions. Optimal stubble height following harvesting should be investigated in an endeavor to increase DM yields at second harvest along with improved survival of plants.