bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evolutionary perspective on increasing net benefits to crops from symbiotic microbes
Authors: Denison R. Ford , Muller Katherine E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPlant‐imposed, fitness‐reducing sanctions against less‐beneficial symbionts have been documented for rhizobia, mycorrhizal fungi, and fig wasps. Although most of our examples are for rhizobia, we argue that the evolutionary persistence of mutualism in any symbiosis would require such sanctions, if there are multiple symbiont genotypes per host plant. We therefore discuss methods that could be used to develop and assess crops with stricter sanctions. These include methods to screen strains for greater mutualism as resources to identify crop genotypes that impose stronger selection for mutualism. Single‐strain experiments that measure costs as well as benefits have shown that diversion of resources by rhizobia can reduce nitrogen‐fixation efficiency (N per C) and that some legumes can increase this efficiency by manipulating their symbionts. Plants in the field always host multiple strains with possible synergistic interactions, so benefits from different strains might best be compared by regressing plant growth or yield on each strain's abundance in a mixture. However, results from this approach have not yet been published. To measure legacy effects of stronger sanctions on future crops, single‐genotype test crops could be planted in a field that recently had replicated plots with different genotypes of the sanction‐imposing crop. Enhancing agricultural benefits from symbiosis may require accepting tradeoffs that constrained past natural selection, including tradeoffs between current and future benefits.
Love in the time of COVID‐19: A systematic mapping review of empirical research on romantic relationships one year into the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Estlein Roi , Gewirtz‐Meydan Ateret , Opuda Eugenia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has affected nearly every area of daily life, including romantic relationships. With the pandemic still ongoing, this study reviewed the existing scholarly literature to document the status of empirical research on how COVID‐19 has affected couples during its first year. Studies were identified through searching five databases as well as sources of gray literature. Overall, 42 studies on committed romantic relationships during the first year of the pandemic were identified. The mapping process revealed four main themes: (1) relationship quality; (2) sexuality; (3) couple daily adjustment; and (4) intimate partner violence. The findings suggest that the way romantic relationships were affected by the pandemic depends on a variety of demographic, individual, and couple‐level factors. Implications include a call for both the development of evidence‐based interventions that consider the current findings and further research to continue exploring the clinical implications of future findings to promote healthy intimate relationships during the ongoing global pandemic.
Neglected side of romantic relationships among college students: Breakup initiators are at risk for depression
Authors: Akbari Mehdi , Kim Jichan J. , Seydavi Mohammad , Enright Robert D. , Mohammadkhani Shahram 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the mediating role of self‐compassion and self‐forgiveness among college students who initiated a romantic breakup.BackgroundsThe focus of research on romantic relationship breakups is typically on the rejected partner, while the initiator (responsible or rejector) of the breakup is neglected. To fully understand the romantic relationship breakup, we must look at this event as a whole.MethodCollege students across eight universities (N = 464) who sought treatment for depression at university psychological service centers after initiation of a romantic breakup were referred for possible inclusion in the research. Of these referred students, 347 (women = 68%, mean age = 22.62 ± 3.69 years, range: 18–35) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and completed a battery of questionnaires (Enright Self‐Forgiveness Inventory, Self‐Compassion Scale‐Short Form, Breakup Distress Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory—II). Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the hypothesized mediation model.ResultsWe found a strong association between breakup distress and depressive symptoms among romantic breakup initiators mediated by self‐compassion and self‐forgiveness. Self‐compassion influenced the mediating role of self‐forgiveness between breakup distress and depressive symptoms (R2 = 58%).Conclusion and implicationsThe findings suggest that college students who initiate a romantic breakup are at risk for depression despite the reason for or time since the breakup. Thus, their suffering and pain need to be acknowledged. When initiators choose to be self‐compassionate after a breakup, it may promote self‐forgiveness as a path toward emotional healing.
Crack propagation mapping at component‐level fatigue testing by means of natural frequency tracking control
Authors: Neves Cunha Thiago , Rego Ronnie , Victor Júnior Marcus Henrique , Aun Fonseca Luiz , Cantisano Artur 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAdvancements seeking structural components' strength and weight reduction necessarily pass through fatigue testing. Understanding failure phenomena and crack evolution is a way of methodologically achieving such a goal. An own‐designed resonant fatigue test rig was used to study the behavior of three distinctly manufactured crankshaft batches. A control system and a resonant frequency estimator were developed to follow the overall stiffness reduction with crack advancement. The control algorithm followed the frequency decay to compensate for the input load. The control strategies were validated by finding the system's natural frequency at the beginning of the test and maintaining a constant nominal load. Fractographies made with failed and non‐failed specimens revealed the connection between the expected physical results and the natural frequency shift evolution. The implemented logic enables crack advancement tracking and failure determination. The developments here can be overflown to different resonance fatigue systems to characterize their endurance performance.
Relative abundance distribution and body size changes of two co‐occurring octopus species, Octopus americanus and Octopus maya, in a tropical upwelling area (south‐eastern Gulf of Mexico)
Authors: Avendaño Otilio , Otero Jaime , Velázquez‐Abunader Iván , Guerra Ángel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractProduction of octopus fisheries is highly variable typically due to their sensitivity to environmental conditions. Using data from four scientific research cruises conducted in 2016 and 2017, we studied the influence of the environment on the relative abundance and distribution of two co‐occurring octopus species, Octopus americanus (merobenthic) and O. maya (holobenthic), at the eastern part of the continental shelf of the Campeche Bank, a tropical upwelling area. By means of fitting hierarchical Bayesian spatio‐temporal models, we found that the relative abundance of both species decreased with depth and when salinity and temperature were higher. The residual spatial distribution showed that variability in space for both species differed between seasons. In summer, when upwelling conditions dominate, O. americanus was abundant at the eastern part of the continental shelf, while O. maya dominated in the north‐east and the coastal zone of Yucatan. In winter, when mixing conditions characterize the water column, O. americanus was abundant in coastal waters of Quintana Roo towards the north‐west, whereas O. maya occurred mostly to the north‐east. Additionally, the body weight of O. americanus decreased with depth, rocky bottoms and winter, while O. maya was smaller in shallower waters, sandy bottoms and summer. Overall, both species showed greater affinity for less saline and cooler waters, indicative of upwelling conditions. The spatial distribution differed between species and between sizes. We suggest that the ontogenetic differences would be associated with their distinct dispersal capacity during their early stages that would be under the influence of the Loop Current.
Planning for resilience: Incorporating scenario and model uncertainty and trade‐offs when prioritizing management of climate refugia
Authors: Chollett Iliana , Escovar‐Fadul Ximena , Schill Steven R. , Croquer Aldo , Dixon Adele M. , Beger Maria , Shaver Elizabeth , Pietsch McNulty Valerie , Wolff Nicholas H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractClimate change has become the greatest threat to the world's ecosystems. Locating and managing areas that contribute to the survival of key species under climate change is critical for the persistence of ecosystems in the future. Here, we identify ‘Climate Priority’ sites as coral reefs exposed to relatively low levels of climate stress that will be more likely to persist in the future. We present the first analysis of uncertainty in climate change scenarios and models, along with multiple objectives, in a marine spatial planning exercise and offer a comprehensive approach to incorporating uncertainty and trade‐offs in any ecosystem. We first described each site using environmental characteristics that are associated with a higher chance of persistence (larval connectivity, hurricane influence, and acute and chronic temperature conditions in the past and the future). Future temperature increases were assessed using downscaled data under four different climate scenarios (SSP1 2.6, SSP2 4.5, SSP3 7.0 and SSP5 8.5) and 57 model runs. We then prioritized sites for intervention (conservation, improved management or restoration) using robust decision‐making approaches that select sites that will have a benign climate under most climate scenarios and models. The modelling work is novel because it solves two important issues. (1) It considers trade‐offs between multiple planning objectives explicitly through Pareto analyses and (2) It makes use of all the uncertainty around future climate change. Priority intervention sites identified by the model were verified and refined through local stakeholder engagement including assessments of local threats, ecological conditions and government priorities. The workflow is presented for the Insular Caribbean and Florida, and at the national level for Cuba, Jamaica, Dominican Republic and Haiti. Our approach allows managers to consider uncertainty and multiple objectives for climate‐smart spatial management in coral reefs or any ecosystem across the globe.
Revised terminal half‐life of nonacog alfa as derived from extended sampling data: A real‐world study involving 64 haemophilia B patients on nonacog alfa regular prophylaxis
Authors: Tardy Brigitte , Lambert Thierry , Chamouni Pierre , Montmartin Aurélie , Trossaert Marc , Claeyssens Ségolène , Berger Claire , Ardillon Laurent , Gay Valérie , Delavenne Xavier , Harroche Annie , Chelle Pierre 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundNonacog alfa, a standard half‐life recombinant factor IX (FIX), is used as a prophylactic treatment in severe haemophilia B (SHB) patients. Its half‐life determined in clinical studies involving a limited sampling (72 h) was shown to be rather short. In our clinical practice, we suspected that its half‐life could have been underestimated.ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate nonacog alfa pharmacokinetics in real world clinical practice based on FIX levels in patients receiving prophylaxis.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data on patients with SHB receiving prophylaxis from eight centres across France. The terminal half‐life (THL), time to reach 5–2 IU/dl and FIX activity at 48, 72 and 96 h were derived by Bayesian estimations using NONMEM analysis.Results and conclusionsInfusion data (n = 455) were collected from 64 patients with SHB. The median THL measured in 92 pharmacokinetic (PK) studies was 43.4 h. In 26 patients ≤12 years of age, 51 PK studies showed a median time to reach 5 IU/dl of FIX of 70.5 h and a median time to reach 2 IU/dl of 121.5 h. In 38 patients 13–75 years of age, 41 PK studies showed a median time to reach 5 IU/dl of FIX of 92.0 h and a median time to reach 2 IU/dl of 167.5 h. Extending the sampling beyond 72 h makes it possible to observe a plateau, with FIX remaining between 2 and 5 IU/dl for several days and shows that the THL of nonacog alfa might be longer than previously described.Essentials
Nonacog alfa terminal half‐life (THL) in patients receiving regular prophylaxis was evaluated in clinical practice.
The median THL was estimated to be 36.9 h for patients aged .8–12 years.
The median THL was estimated to be 49.9 h for patients aged 13–75 years.
For patients aged ≤12 and >12 years, the median times to reach 5 IU/dl were 70.5 and 92 h, respectively; to reach 3 IU/dl, 95.5 and 131.5 h, respectively; to reach 2 IU/dl, 121.5 and 167.5 h, respectively.
We suggest that the half‐life of nonacog alfa might be longer than previously described in both younger and older patients.
Genetic assessment and climate modelling of the Iberian specialist butterfly Euchloe bazae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)
Authors: Escuer Paula , Hinojosa Joan C. , Minguet‐Parramona Carla , Romo Helena , Munguira Miguel L. , Olivares Javier , Dincă Vlad , Talavera Gerard , Vila Roger 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Although both positive (expansion of thermophilous species) and negative effects (retraction of cold‐adapted species) have been attributed to global warming, range shifts may be constrained by the ecological traits of species.
This can be especially true for highly specialised organisms like the Spanish Greenish Black‐tip (Euchloe bazae), an Iberian endemic specialist of semiarid steppes with a debated taxonomic and conservation status.
Here, we first seek to clarify the taxonomic status of this butterfly and its populations by using multilocus phylogenetic inference. Then, we update its distribution range and employ ecological niche modelling, combined with other sources of data, to re‐evaluate its conservation status.
Our results confirm E. bazae as a well‐differentiated species with one of the most restricted distribution ranges among the European butterflies.
We demonstrate that its two disjunct populations, regarded as subspecies, are genetically differentiated and should be treated as independent management units.
Climate models under two future emission scenarios suggest an increase of the area climatically suitable. However, the suitability of the areas currently occupied is estimated to decrease, meaning that rapid range shifts could be required for the survival of the species.
Given the presumably low dispersal capabilities of E. bazae, its current restricted distribution, high degree of population fragmentation (divided in two distant populations), low intrapopulation genetic variability, decline in extension and abundance, low densities, high yearly fluctuations, and numerous threats to its habitat, we consider that their populations are extremely fragile and we propose to consider it ‘Endangered’ [EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv); B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv)].
Role of flow cytometry in evaluation of the cellular therapy products used in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Rimac Vladimira , Bojanić Ines 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCellular therapy nowadays includes various products from haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) collected from bone marrow, peripheral blood, and umbilical cord blood to more complex adoptive immune therapy for the treatment of malignant diseases, and gene therapy for inherited immune deficiencies. Broader utilization of cellular therapy requires extensive quality testing of these products that should fulfil the same requirements regarding composition, purity, and potency nevertheless they are manufactured in various centres. Technical improvements of the flow cytometers accompanied by the increased number of available reagents and fluorochromes used to conjugate monoclonal antibodies, enable detailed and precise insight into the function of the immune system and other areas of cell biology, and allows cell evaluation based on size, shape, and morphology or assessment of cell surface markers, as well as cell purity and viability, which greatly contributes to the development and progress of the cell therapy. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the current use and challenges of flow cytometry analysis in quality assessment of cellular therapy products, with regard to basic principles of determining HSC and leukocyte subpopulation, assessment of cells viability and quality of thawed cryopreserved HSC as well as the importance of validation and quality control of flow cytometry methods according to good laboratory practice.
From stress to resistance: Challenging the capitalist underpinnings of mental unhealth in work and organizations
Authors: Thanem Torkild , Elraz Hadar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe worldwide spread of work‐related mental unhealth suggests that this is a major problem affecting organizations and employees on a global scale. In this paper, we therefore provide a thematic review of the literatures that address this issue in management and organization studies (MOS) and related fields. While these literatures examine how employee mental health is affected by organizational and occupational structures and managed by organizations and employees, they have paid relatively little attention to the capitalist labour relations which underpin the unhealthy conditions of contemporary working life. They have paid even less attention to how these conditions may be resisted. To help future scholarship in MOS challenge this state of affairs, we draw on some of the most basic but central notions of exploitation, alienation and resistance in classic and current critiques of capitalism, optimistic that this may help strengthen the field's capacity to confront mental unhealth in settings of work and organization.
Mystery of blackwater fever from an Australian perspective
Authors: Shanks G. Dennis 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBlackwater fever is a haemolytic syndrome associated with malaria that coincided with the use of quinine chemoprophylaxis. Once quinine was no longer chronically used to prevent malaria, blackwater fever largely disappeared and its aetiology remains poorly understood. Blackwater fever is representative of classical tropical medicine and its history was reflected in Australia's colonial development of Papua New Guinea particularly as reported in the Australian medical literature.
Can insomnia be fatal? An Australian case of fatal familial insomnia
Authors: Habteslassie Daniel , McMahon Marcus , Wimaleswaran Hari 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFatal familial insomnia (FFI) is a rare prion disease with autosomal dominant inheritance. Currently, there is only one published case study of FFI in Australia. FFI is universally fatal, with the disease duration ranging from 8 to 72 months. Clinically, it manifests with disordered sleep–wake cycle, dysautonomia, motor disturbances and neuropsychiatric disorders. We describe a case of FFI detailing the investigative process, including the importance of sleep assessment and polysomnography in obtaining a diagnosis.
Patient‐initiated follow up as a means of reducing pressures in secondary care
Authors: Chhatwal Karanjot , Deighton Alexander J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOutpatient services, largely dedicated to routine follow up, have been under increasing pressure in recent years. The growing and ageing UK population has been a large driver of this pressure, requiring a significant increase in annual outpatient appointments. Many of these appointments, however, may be guided by organisational, rather than clinical need, and as a result, some evidence indicates patient attendance rates have fallen, demonstrating a need for more effective, patient‐centred care models. One such model, patient‐initiated follow up (PIFU) has shown significant promise, empowering patients while simultaneously reducing appointment numbers and increasing attendance rates. However, for PIFU to be implemented nationwide several key considerations must be made to ensure patients are appropriately engaged, and supported, in directing their own care.
cGAS modulates cytokine secretion and bacterial burdens by altering the release of mitochondrial DNA in pseudomonas pulmonary infection
Authors: Wang Biao , Zhou Chuanmin , Wu Qun , Lin Ping , Pu Qinqin , Qin Shugang , Gao Pan , Wang Zhihan , Liu Yingying , Arel Jacob , Chen Yanjiong , Chen Teng , Wu Min 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCyclic GMP‐AMP synthase (cGAS) is essential for fighting against viruses and bacteria, but how cGAS is involved in host immune response remains largely elusive. Here, we uncover the crucial role of cGAS in host immunity based on a Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infection model. cGAS−/− mice showed more heavy bacterial burdens and serious lung injury accompanied with exorbitant proinflammatory cytokines than wild‐type mice. cGAS deficiency caused an accumulation of mitochondrial DNA in the cytoplasm, which, in turn, induced excessive secretion of proinflammatory factors by activating inflammasome and TLR9 signalling. Mechanistically, cGAS deficiency inhibited the recruitment of LC3 by reducing the binding capacity of TBK‐1 to p62, leading to impaired mitophagy and augmented release of mitochondrial DNA. Importantly, cytoplasmic mitochondrial DNA also acted as a feedback signal that induced the activation of cGAS. Altogether, these findings identify protective and homeostasis functions of cGAS against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, adding significant insight into the pathogenesis of bacterial infectious diseases.
A clash of cultures: The governance and valuation effects of corporate cultural distance
Authors: Ferris Stephen P. , Jayaraman Narayanan , Zhang Tim 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe find that the cultural distance between the CEO and a firm's directors increases the sensitivity of CEO turnover and compensation to performance while enhancing shareholder value. This effect is concentrated in the cultural distance between the CEO and independent directors. More culturally distant CEOs adopt less risky financial and operating policies. To establish causality, we use the sudden exit of directors as a source of exogenous change in cultural distance. Overall, our results suggest that cultural distance increases information collection costs. This causes the board to monitor with increased rigor and to rely on “hard” information to assess CEO performance.