bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bace1 regulates expression of Clusterin in astrocytes for enhancing clearance of β-amyloid peptides
Authors: Yan Riqiang , Zhou John , Singh Neeraj , Galske James , Hudobenko Jacob , Hu Xiangyou 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background:
Abnormal accumulation of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) in the brain induces a cascade of pathological changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and inhibiting BACE1 to reduce Aβ production is therefore being explored for the treatment of AD. Here we investigated the role of BACE1 in astrocytes as Bace1knockout mice exhibit increased number of reactive astrocytes and AD brains have reactive astrocytes that surround amyloid plaques. We asked whether BACE1 regulate astrocytic functions.
Methods:
We conducted unbiased single cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) using purified astrocytes from Bace1 KO mice and wild type control littermates. Similar scRNAseq was also conducted using mice with conditional deletion of Bace1 in the adult (5xFAD;Bace1fl/fl;UBC-creERcompared to 5xFAD;Bace1fl/flcontrols). We compared We compared transcriptomes of astrocyte and reactive astrocyte clusters and identified a number of differentially expressed genes, which were further validated using Bace1 KO astrocyte cultures. Mice with astrocyte-specific Bace1 knockout in 5xFAD background were used comparing amyloid deposition. Mechanistic studies using cultured astrocytes were used to identify BACE1 substrates for changes in gene expression and signaling activity.
Results
Among altered genes, Clusterin (Clu) and Cxcl14 were significantly upregulated and validated at the protein level. Moreover, BACE1 deficiency enhances both astrocytic Aβ uptake and degradation, and this effect was significantly attenuated by siRNA knockdown of Clu. Mechanistic study suggests that BACE1 deficiency abolishes cleavage of astrocytic insulin receptors (IR), and this may enhance expression of Clu and Cxcl14. Acutely isolated astrocytes from astrocyte-specific knockout of Bace1 mice (Bace1 fl/fl;Gfap-cre) show similar increases in CLU and IR. Furthermore, astrocyte-specific knockout of Bace1 in a 5xFAD background resulted in a significant attenuation in cortical Aβ plaque load without affecting Aβ generation in vivo.
Conclusion
Together, our study suggests that BACE1 in astrocytes regulates expression of Clu and CXCL14, likely via the control of insulin receptor pathway, and inhibition of astrocytic BACE1 is a potential alternative strategy for enhancing Aβ clearance.
Sequestering microRNA396 expression enhanced alfalfa resistance to Spodoptera herbivory
Authors: Yan Jianping , Qiu Rumeng , Liu Yanrong , Zhang Wanjun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is the most important leguminous forage crop. Its yield and forage quality will be severely affected by the outbreak of defoliator insects, especially Spodoptera litura. Here, we found that the expression of alfalfa precursor miR396 genes (pre-MsmiR396a/b) was significantly down-regulated firstly and then up-regulated in wound treatment that simulating feeding injury of defoliator insects. To verify the function of microRNA396 (miR396) in insect resistance of alfalfa, we generated MIM396transgenic alfalfa plants with significantly down-regulated expression of miR396 by Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. The MIM396 transgenic alfalfa plants exhibited improved resistance to S. litura larvae with increased lignin content but decreased JA content. Further research revealed that the expression of miR396 putative target genes MsGRF1a/1c/4b/5b was increased in five MIM396 transgenic lines, and the response of MsGRF1c/5b to wound treatment was just opposite to the expression pattern of precursor miR396. By RNA sequencing analysis, we found that the differently expressed genes related to insect resistance between WT and MIM396 transgenic plants mainly clustered in lignin, flavonoids and glucosinolates biosynthesis pathways. In addition to the phenotype of increased insect resistance, MIM396transgenic plants also showed reduced biomass yield and quality. Our results broaden the function of miR396 in alfalfa and provide genetic resources for studying alfalfa insect resistance.
Role of perioperative chemotherapy for high-grade synovial sarcoma: a retrospective study of a single Asian cohort in China
Authors: Lin Qiaowei , Xu Peihang , Sun Zhengwang , Yu Lin , Wang Chunmeng , Wang Qifeng , Sun Yangbai , Yan Wangjun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Synovial sarcoma (SS) is an aggressive but chemosensitive soft tissue sarcoma. However, there are scarce data about the benefit of perioperative chemotherapy in high-grade SS patients. This study aimed to explore important prognostic factors and clinical efficacy of perioperative chemotherapy in high-grade SS patients.
Methods
This study included 143 high-grade SS patients who underwent curative surgery in Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University between 2006 and 2020. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic predictors. The effects of perioperative chemotherapy on overall survival (OS) or time to recurrence (TTR) were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curves.
Results
Among 143 patients, pre- and post-operative chemotherapy were delivered in 17 cases and 88 cases, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves did not identify obvious differences in OS or TTR concerning perioperative chemotherapy. However, there is a trend towards better OS and TTR in patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy. The corresponding TTR or OS probabilities at 5-year were 49.9%, and 84.4%, respectively in patients with preoperative chemotherapy while 36.2%, and 56.6%, respectively in patients without. Multivariate analyses identified age and tumor size as independent factors for TTR while tumor size and necrosis were independent predictors for worse OS.
Conclusions
High-grade SS patients might benefit from preoperative chemotherapy but not postoperative chemotherapy. Tumor size, age and necrosis were important factors influencing patients’ prognosis.
What are patients' preferences for autonomy in therapeutic decision-making in digestive oncology? A monocentric observational cross-sectional study
Authors: Nizet Pierre , Grivel Charlotte , Rabeau Pauline , Pecout Solange , Evin Adrien , Prot-Labarthe Sonia , Navas Dominique , Feuillet Fanny , Bourdon Marianne , Huon Jean-François 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Patient autonomy is a key concept in medical ethics, which consists of recognizing each person as a free individual capable of judging and determining for himself or herself. The objectives of this study were to describe digestive cancer patients’ desire for autonomy in therapeutic decision-making and to identify variables associated with these preferences.
Methods
An observational prospective study in a French university cancer center has been conducted. Patients completed two questionnaires to qualify and quantify their desire for autonomy in therapeutic decision-making: the Control Preference Scale (CPS) and the Autonomy Preference Index (API), which is composed of the Decision Making (DM) score and the Information Seeking (IS) score. Associations between these scores and socio-demographic data, disease-related data, coping strategies (Brief-COPE), physical (QLQ-C30) and psychological (HADS) quality of life were tested.
Results
One-hundred fifteen patients returned the questionnaires. The majority of patients reported a passive (49.1%) or a collaborative (43.0%) CPS status. The mean DM score was 51.5. Variables associated with decision-making preferences were occupational status and time since diagnosis.
Conclusion
The identification of variables associated with patients' preferences for autonomy and participation in decision-making can help make clinicians aware of patients' needs and wishes. However, it can only be determined by interviewing the patient individually.
Single-Stage Isolation of Pure Andrographolide From Andrographis Paniculata in a Moderately Polar Solvent By Optimizing Different Parameters.
Authors: MAURYA RAHUL , B Thirupataiah , lakshminaryamisro@gmail.com  , R Thulasi , V Rajeesh , KS Rohit 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The primary objective of the proposed research work is to extract and enrich the pure Andrographolide (AGL) by varying the polarity index and Hildebrand solubility parameter (δ) of a moderately polar solvent. Both parameters affect the solubility of AGL in different solvents and extraction methods. AGL was extracted from the whole plant of Andrographis paniculata. Continuous or Direct, Maceration and Soxhlet extraction method used for extraction. Based on the appearance of the crystal in the Direct Soxhlet Ethyl acetate method, their yield was further optimized by using a Randomized response surface (RSM), Quadratic model-based Box-Behnken design (BBD). The HPTLC performed the AGL extraction efficiency, purity, and quantification. Based on the obtained result, the pure Andrographolide crystal (yield 0.185 g/g) was obtained by Direct Soxhlet extraction. Ethyl acetate is used as a solvent. Rf exhibited in the TLC chromatogram was 0.28. FT-IR spectra exhibited characteristics peak similar to the standard AGL, and 1H-NMR, 13C NMR elucidated crystal structure. DEPT − 90/135 spectra depicted that extracted crystal was pure AGL. It is one of the novel approaches to isolating pure AGL crystal in a moderately polar solvent (Ethyl acetate) by elevating the Hildebrand solubility parameter despite using polar solvents. AGL crystal was obtained from Direct Soxhlet extraction by Ethyl acetate. It is a single-step and more economical method. It can be easily transformed into a pilot or industrial setup to extract Pure AGL.
Polydopamine-functionalized Selenium Nanoparticles as a Photoresponsive Synergistic Antibacterial Platform
Authors: Sun Meng , Gao Ping , Wang Bao , Li Xiangyang , Shao Donghan , Xu Yan , li leijiao , Li yunhui , zhu jianwei , li wenliang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Bacterial infections have always been one of the medical challenges facing mankind. Compared with conventional antibiotic therapy, photoresponsive synergistic antibacterial offers a new therapeutic modality.
Results
Herein, a photoresponsive synergistic therapeutic antibacterial platform was designed and constructed by polydopamine-functionalized selenium nanoparticles as carrier loading indocyanine green (Se@PDA-ICG). The synergistic therapeutic platform was confirmed by characterization and the antibacterial activity of Se@PDA-ICG against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) was investigated. Se@PDA-ICG at a low concentration of 125 µg/mL in dark showed antibacterial rates of 14.3% and 52.7% against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. Under 808 nm laser irradiation, the antibacterial rates against both bacteria increased to 100%. Furthermore, in the mouse wound infection model, the wound closure rate of the Se@PDA-ICG photoresponse group was 88.74% compared with the 45.8% of the control group after 8 days treatment, indicating that it could effectively kill bacteria and dramatically accelerate the wound healing process.
Conclusions
These results suggested that Se@PDA-ICG could be a promising photo-activated antibacterial candidate material for biomedical applications.
Exploring the potential of digital health interventions to address behavioural risk factors for the prevention of non-communicable diseases in Asian populations: A qualitative study
Authors: Mair Jacqueline Louise , Castro Oscar , Salamanca-Sanabria Alicia , Frese Bea Franziska , Wangenheim Florian , Tai E Shyong , Kowatsch Tobias , Müller-Riemenschneider Falk 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Changing lifestyle patterns over the last decades have seen growing numbers of people in Asia affected by non-communicable diseases and common mental health disorders, including diabetes, cancer, and/or depression. Interventions targeting healthy lifestyle behaviours through digital technologies, including new approaches such as chatbots, may be an effective, low-cost approach to prevent these conditions. To ensure uptake and engagement with digital health interventions, however, it is essential to understand the end-users’ perspectives on using such interventions. The aim of this study was to explore perceptions, barriers, and facilitators to the use of digital health interventions for lifestyle behaviour change in Singapore.
Methods
Six virtual focus group discussions were conducted with a total of 34 participants (mean ± SD; aged 45 ± 3.6 years; 64.7% females). Focus group recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysed using an inductive thematic analysis approach, followed by deductive mapping according to perceptions, barriers, facilitators, mixed factors, or strategies.
Results
Four themes were identified: (1) holistic wellbeing (i.e., the importance of both physical and mental health); (2) uptake of digital health interventions (i.e., factors influencing an individual’s decision to start using a digital health intervention such as incentives or government backing); (3) sustained engagement with digital health interventions (i.e., factors influencing an individual’s decision to continue using a digital health intervention such as personalisation or ease of use); and (4) chatbots (i.e., experiences with chatbots and their potential role in providing lifestyle behaviour support).
Conclusions
Findings highlighted several factors that are relevant for the effectiveness of digital health interventions. Deviations were found from factors that have been shown to be critical for (better-studied) Western populations. Recommendations from this work can inform those wishing to develop and implement digital health interventions in Singapore and other Asian countries.
Prognostic significance of osteosarcopenia in older adults with colorectal cancer
Authors: Takano Yasuhiro , Kodera Keita , Tsukihara Shu , Takahashi Sumika , Yasunobu Kobayashi , Koyama Muneyuki , Kanno Hironori , Ishiyama Satoshi , Saito Ryota , Hanyu Nobuyoshi , Eto Ken 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Osteopenia and sarcopenia, features of the aging process, are recognized as major health problems in an aging society. This study investigated the prognostic impact of osteosarcopenia, the coexistence of osteopenia and sarcopenia, in older adults undergoing curative resection for colorectal cancer.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed data of older adults aged 65-98 years who had undergone curative resection for colorectal cancer. Osteopenia was evaluated by bone mineral density measurement in the midvertebral core of the 11th thoracic vertebra on preoperative computed tomography images. Sarcopenia was evaluated by measuring the skeletal muscle cross-sectional area at the third lumbar vertebra level. Osteosarcopenia was defined as the coexistence of osteopenia and sarcopenia. We explored the relationship of preoperative osteosarcopenia with the disease-free and overall survival after curative resection.
Results
Among the 325 patients included, osteosarcopenia had significantly lower overall survival rates than those with osteopenia (P<0.01) or sarcopenia alone (P=0.036). In the multivariate analysis, male sex (P=0.045), C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (P<0.01), osteosarcopenia (P<0.01), pathological T4 stage (P=0.023), and pathological N1/N2 stage (P<0.01) were independent predictors of disease-free survival, while age (P<0.01), male sex (P=0.049), C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (P<0.01), osteosarcopenia (P<0.01), pathological T4 stage (P=0.036), pathological N1/N2 stage (P<0.01), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (P=0.041) were independent predictors of overall survival.
Conclusions
Osteosarcopenia was a strong predictor of poor outcomes in older adults undergoing curative resection for colorectal cancer, suggesting an important role of osteosarcopenia in an aging society.
Anti-psychotic drug thioridazine acts as a potent anti-microbial agent for multidrug-resistant bacteria: a clinical strains-based study
Authors: Yin Lin , Ji Cejuan , Yin Tieqiu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria emerge as a public health problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of thioridazine on multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolated strains and to provide new strategies for the treatment of MDR infections.
Methods
Bacteria were isolated from the clinical patients. The identification and susceptibility testing of the isolated strains were completed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and the VITEK 2 Compact analysis system, respectively. The antibacterial efficacy of thioridazine in vitro was assessed using the agar dilution method.
Results
A total of 156 strains were isolated from the clinical patients. Among these strains, MRSA, MDR Enterococcus, and MDR Acinetobacter baumannii were significantly inhibited by low concentration of thioridazine (20 µM). Susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were inhibited by thioridazine at intermediate concentrations (40 µM). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and MDR Escherichia coli were inhibited by high concentrations of thioridazine (100 µM).
Conclusions
Thioridazine could be repurposed as an agent against a variety of MDR bacteria.
Performance Investigation of 2 × 20 Gb/s MDM-RoFSO Link incorporating Spiral Phased Hermite Gaussian Modes under Strong Weather Conditions
Authors: Sinha Shivaji , Kumar Chakresh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This research paper presents a novel high bit rate and spectral efficient 20 Gb/s mode division multiplexed (MDM) radio over free space optical communication (MDM-RoFSO) system. 10 Gb/s MZM/QAM-16 modulated data streams, each from two distinct channels, are transported over two spirals phased Hermite Gaussian (HG) laser modes, HG00 and HG01 respectively. These two HG channels are multiplexed using MDM at a 10 GHz RF signal, amplified and transmitted over the atmospheric link at an optical wavelength of 1550 nm. The proposed MDM-RoFSO system is simulated for MZM modulation over two distinct HG modes in clear sky, dense haze, dense fog, and strong rain weather conditions. The performance of the system is evaluated using performance metrics such as BER, eye diagram, Q factor, and link transmission range. The simulation results show that the HG00 mode is more robust and the extended transmission range is achieved from (7 to 24.4) km for (24.4 to 2.98) Q factor for clear sky to strong rain conditions. This transmission range is further extended by the factor of (2.9 to 1.7) km when the QAM-16 modulation is incorporated in composite (HG00 + HG01) mode and then transmitted in similar weather conditions for the acceptable BER of < 10− 5. Finally, the simulation results confirm that the QAM-16 modulated composite HG mode is able to mitigate the atmospheric weather conditions and travel a longer transmission distance compared to individual HG mode transmission.
Glaucoma and associated factors among adults in Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Molla Israel Bekele , Meshesha Workie Asamu , Berhie Million Abera , Beyene Desalew Tilahun , Debela Kebebe Adugna , Jemaneh Tsion Mekoya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to assess the level of awareness and knowledge about glaucoma and its associated factors among adults in Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia.
Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was employed among 634 sampled adults in Jimma town from May 1/2020 to June 1/2020. A multistage sampling technique was employed to pick out the study participants. Logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors of both awareness and knowledge about glaucoma.
Results
The proportion of awareness and knowledge towards glaucoma among adult was 230 (37.8% (95% CI, 33.9% -41.6%) and 117/230 (50.9%, 95% CI 44.3%, 57.8%) respectively. Educational status [(AOR = 2.32, 95% CI:(1.18, 4.55)], family history of glaucoma [(AOR = 3.82, 95% CI:(2.35, 6.21)], ever had eye examination [(AOR = 2.54, 95% CI:(1.7,3.78)], and wealth index status [(AOR = 1.87 95% CI:(1.04, 3.35)], were associated factors with awareness about glaucoma whereas educational status [(AOR = 6.07, 95% CI:(2.06, 17.87)], and ever had eye examination [(AOR = 3.58, 95% CI:(2.01, 6.40)], were the associated factors with knowledge of glaucoma.
Conclusion
More than one-third and half of them had awareness and knowledge of glaucoma among adults in Jimma town respectively. Educational status, family history of glaucoma, eye examination, and wealth status were associated factors with awareness about glaucoma whereas educational status and eye examination were associated factors with knowledge of glaucoma. A comprehensive and routine health education program should be implemented to enhance awareness of glaucoma prevention, risks, and treatment.
Insect Resistance in a Graft-induced Periclinal Chimera of Tomato1
Authors: Clayberg Carl D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A periclinal chimera was produced with an epidermis of Solatium pennellii Correll and a core of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). The tomato strain was susceptible, and S. pennellii highly resistant, to both greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), and potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas). The chimera was highly resistant to whitefly and susceptible to potato aphid.
The Southern Tomato Exchange Program1
Authors: Wann E. V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Southern Tomato Exchange Program (STEP trials) was begun in October 1945 by a group of state and federal scientists for cooperative tests of tomato breeding lines. The program was made a part of the Southern Cooperative Vegetable Trials, which are now under sponsorship of the Southern Section of the American Society for Horticultural Science. Participation includes about 20 people representing 16 states, Puerto Rico, and the U. S. Department of Agriculture. In 1968, the STEP trials were separated into two sections, one for fresh-market types and another for processing types. In 1973, the decision was made to add a section for testing lines developed especially for once-over machine-harvesting for fresh market. So far, in the fresh-market section of the trials, 621 tomato lines have been tested, 50 of which were released as cultivars. That yields from the best entries in the trials have almost doubled over the years may be attributed largely to their resistance to diseases. It is anticipated that the STEP trials will continue to serve as a medium for cooperation among tomato breeders.
Influence of Growth Regulators on Growth, Bulbing, Maturity and Yield in Onions1
Authors: Lipe William N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Short, medium, and long-day onions (Allium cepa L.) were field grown under normal spring conditions of increasing daylength. Three growth regulators, (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon), gibberellic acid (GA3), and succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH) were applied as sprays at different concentrations at the 4, 6, and 10 leaf stages of development. Ethephon reduced plant height and number of leaves and initiated earlier bulbing. Ethephon-treated plants also had a higher bulbing index (bulb/neck diameter) early in the season due to more rapid bulb enlargement but difference did not persist to maturity and at harvest ethephon significantly reduced both bulb diameter and yield. Ethephon failed to bring about earlier maturity based on plant lodging at harvest. GA3 increased the number of leaves per plant and percentage of plants initiating multiple growing points. No measurable responses to SADH were noted.