bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Resolution 3D Printing for Electronics
Authors: Park Young‐Geun , Yun Insik , Chung Won Gi , Park Wonjung , Lee Dong Ha , Park Jang‐Ung 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe ability to form arbitrary 3D structures provides the next level of complexity and a greater degree of freedom in the design of electronic devices. Since recent progress in electronics has expanded their applicability in various fields in which structural conformability and dynamic configuration are required, high‐resolution 3D printing technologies can offer significant potential for freeform electronics. Here, the recent progress in novel 3D printing methods for freeform electronics is reviewed, with providing a comprehensive study on 3D‐printable functional materials and processes for various device components. The latest advances in 3D‐printed electronics are also reviewed to explain representative device components, including interconnects, batteries, antennas, and sensors. Furthermore, the key challenges and prospects for next‐generation printed electronics are considered, and the future directions are explored based on research that has emerged recently.
Ultralarge Free‐Standing Imine‐Based Covalent Organic Framework Membranes Fabricated via Compression
Authors: Martín‐Illán Jesús Á. , Suárez José Antonio , Gómez‐Herrero Julio , Ares Pablo , Gallego‐Fuente Daniel , Cheng Youdong , Zhao Dan , Maspoch Daniel , Zamora Félix 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDemand continues for processing methods to shape covalent organic frameworks (COFs) into macroscopic objects that are needed for their practical applications. Herein, a simple compression method to prepare large‐scale, free‐standing homogeneous and porous imine‐based COF‐membranes with dimensions in the centimeter range and excellent mechanical properties is reported. This method entails the compression of imine‐based COF‐aerogels, which undergo a morphological change from an elastic to plastic material. The COF‐membranes fabricated upon compression show good performances for the separation of gas mixtures of industrial interest, N2/CO2 and CH4/CO2. It is believed that the new procedure paves the way to a broader range of COF‐membranes.
Atomically Precise Water‐Soluble Graphene Quantum Dot for Cancer Sonodynamic Therapy
Authors: Ju Yang‐Yang , Shi Xiao‐Xiao , Xu Shu‐Yu , Ma Xiao‐Hui , Wei Rong‐Jing , Hou Hao , Chu Cheng‐Chao , Sun Di , Liu Gang , Tan Yuan‐Zhi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlthough water‐soluble graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have shown various promising bio‐applications due to their intriguing optical and chemical properties, the large heterogeneity in compositions, sizes, and shapes of these GQDs hampers the better understanding of their structure‐properties correlation and further uses in terms of large‐scale manufacturing practices and safety concerns. It is shown here that a water‐soluble atomically‐precise GQD (WAGQD‐C96) is synthesized and exhibits a deep‐red emission and excellent sonodynamic sensitization. By decorating sterically hindered water‐soluble functional groups, WAGQD‐C96 can be monodispersed in water without further aggregation. The deep‐red emission of WAGQD‐C96 facilitates the tracking of its bio‐process, showing a good cell‐uptake and long‐time retention in tumor tissue. Compared to traditional molecular sonosensitizers, WAGQD‐C96 generates superior reactive oxygen species and demonstrates excellent tumor inhibition potency as an anti‐cancer sonosensitizer in in vivo studies. A good biosafety of WAGQD‐C96 is validated in both in vitro and in vivo assays.
Delayed diagnosis and racial bias in children with genetic conditions
Authors: Omorodion Jacklyn , Dowsett Leah , Clark Robin D. , Fraser Jamie , Abu‐El‐Haija Aya , Strong Alanna , Wojcik Monica H. , Bryant Allison S. , Gold Nina B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs more therapeutics for genetic conditions become available, the need for timely and equitable genetic diagnosis has become urgent. Using clinical cases, we consider the health system‐, provider‐, and patient‐level factors that contribute to the delayed diagnosis of genetic conditions in pediatric patients from minority populations, leading to health disparities between racial groups. We then provide suggestions to address these factors, with the aim of improving minority health and access to genetic care for all children.
On the evolution of distinctive natal coat coloration in primates
Authors: Caro Tim , Brockelsbury Kasey , Ferrari Annie , Koneru Manisha , Ono Konatsu , Rowe Zeke W. , Touche Edward , Walker Hannah , Stankowich Theodore 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesNeonates of several primate species are born with very different pelage coloration from their parents but then assume adult coat color within weeks or months of birth. We set out to test the three conventional functional hypotheses for this distinctive transient natal coat coloration in primates (infanticide, allomothering, and confusion of paternity) as well as solicitation of maternal care, and across all neonate primates, background matching, and Gloger's rule (dark coats being associated with humid environments).Materials and MethodsTo examine the functional significance of neonate pelage coloration, we employed five different measures of distinctive coat coloration, new updated information on primate life histories, and a complete primate phylogeny of 286 species to control for shared ancestry.ResultsAcross primates, we found a strong association between distinctive natal coats and the prevalence of infanticide but no support for allomothering or confusing paternity. We also found that species in which young have distinct natal coats have relatively shorter interbirth intervals, as well as a tendency to be weaned earlier which is unrelated to allomothering. Darker primate natal coats (whether distinctive or not) are not found in shadier, warmer, or wetter habitats.DiscussionWhile distinct natal coats in primates are generally found in infanticidal species, we argue on logical grounds that this is not an advertisement to incoming males but instead neonate coloration solicits greater maternal care. This enables infants to pass through this infanticide‐induced mortality‐prone infant phase more rapidly. Conspicuous neonate coats in comparison to adults appear to act as a super‐normal stimulus for mothers to hasten post‐natal development of their offspring.
Surface modification of PTFE/SiO2 composite films through the deposition of polydopamine (PDA) and the modified adhesive properties
Authors: Liu Zhiyu , Zhang Yao , Zhou Qian , Chen Rong , Guo Shaoyun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPolytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and its composite films are difficult to bond with other materials due to the molecular chain structure of PTFE, which limits the application in the electronic fields. In this work, surface modification of PTFE/SiO2 composite films are realized through the polydopamine (PDA) deposition. The chemical and morphological results exhibit that PDA is successfully deposited on the surface of the PTFE/SiO2 films. The deposition of PDA changes the polarity and wettability of PTFE/SiO2 composite films. Thus, a significant development in the adhesive performance is obtained, and the peel strength increases from 0.34 to 0.42 N/mm. Moreover, the dielectric property and mechanical performance of the films are maintained. After immersed in 3.0 g/L DAH solution for 24 h, the dielectric constant of the composite films is still as low as 2.44 (10 GHz), and the dielectric loss decreases from 0.002 to 0.00035 (10 GHz). The tensile strength and elongation at break are barely reduced. Therefore, the surface deposition of PDA is considered as a profound modification for the PTFE/SiO2 films in the electronic industry.
Detection of Aliphatic Aldehydes by a Pillar[5]arene‐based Fluorescent Supramolecular Polymer with Vaporchromic Behavior
Authors: Shi Bingbing , Chai Yongping , Qin Peng , Zhao Xing‐Xing , Li Weichun , Zhang You‐Ming , Wei Tai‐Bao , Lin Qi , Yao Hong , Qu Wen‐Juan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe detection of volatile aliphatic aldehydes is of significance because of their chemical toxicity, physical volatility and widespread applications in chemical industrial processes. In this work, the direct detection of aliphatic aldehydes is tackled using a pillar[5]arene‐based fluorescent supramolecular polymer with vaporchromic behavior. Thin films with strong orange‐yellow fluorescence are prepared by coating the linear supramolecular polymer on glass sheets. When the thin films are exposed to aliphatic aldehydes with different carbon chain lengths, they can selectively sensing n‐butyraldehyde (C4) and caprylicaldehyde (C8), accompanied by fluorescence quenching, indicating that the supramolecular polymer is a highly selective vapochromic response material for aliphatic aldehydes with long alkyl chains.
Novel red colour emitting Ca0.995Mg2(SO4)3:0.5Eu2+ phosphor under ultraviolet, blue, and green excitation for plant growth LEDs
Authors: Bargat Sushant Rajendra , Parauha Yatish Ratn , Shirbhate Nayana Sudhakar , Mishra Girish , Dhoble Sanjay Janaraoji 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the recent few years, Eu2+‐ and Mn4+‐activated phosphors are widely used as potential colour converters for indoor plant cultivation lighting application due to their marvellous luminescence characteristics as well as low cost. In this investigation, we synthesized novel red colour‐emitting Ca(2−x)Mg2(SO4)3:xmol% Eu2+ (x = 0–1.0 mol%) phosphors via a solid‐state reaction method in a reducing atmosphere. The photoluminescence (PL) excitation spectra of synthesized phosphors exhibited a broad excitation band with three excitation bands peaking at 349 nm, 494 nm, and 554 nm. Under these excitations, emission spectra exhibited a broad band in the red colour region at ~634 nm. The PL emission intensity was measured for different concentrations of Eu2+. The maximum Eu2+ doping concentration in the Ca2Mg2(SO4)3 host was observed for 0.5 mol%. According to Dexter theory, it was determined that dipole–dipole interaction was responsible for the concentration quenching. The luminous red colour emission of the sample was confirmed using Commission international de l'eclairage colour coordinates. The results of PL excitation and emission spectra of the prepared phosphors were well matched with excitation and emission wavelengths of phytochrome PR. Therefore, from the entire investigation and obtained results it was concluded that the synthesized Ca0.995Mg2(SO4)3:0.5mol%Eu2+ phosphor has huge potential for plant cultivation application.
Changes in deep neck muscle length from the neutral to forward head posture. A cadaveric study using Thiel cadavers
Authors: Lin Guohao , Wang Weijie , Wilkinson Tracey 
Published: January 2022

AbstractForward head posture (FHP) is one of the most common postural deviations. Deep neck muscle imbalance of individuals with FHP is of primary concern in clinical rehabilitation. However, there is scarce quantitative research on changes in deep neck muscle length with the head moving forward. This study aimed to investigate changes in deep neck muscle length with different severity levels of FHP. Six Thiel‐embalmed cadavers (four males and two females) were dissected, and 16 deep neck muscles in each cadaver were modeled by a MicroScribe 3D Digitizer in the neutral head posture, slight FHP, and severe FHP. The craniovertebral angle was used to evaluate the degrees of FHP. Quantitative length change of the deep neck muscles was analyzed using Rhinoceros 3D. In slight FHP significant changes in length occurred in four muscles: two shortened (upper semispinalis capitis, rectus capitis posterior minor) and two lengthened (longus capitis, splenius cervicis). In severe FHP all occipital extensors were significantly shortened (10.6 ± 6.4%), except for obliquus capitis superior, and all cervical extensors were significantly lengthened (4.8 ± 3.4%), while longus capitis (occipital flexor) and the superior oblique part of the longus colli (cervical flexor) were lengthened by 8.8 ± 3.8% and 4.2 ± 3.1%, respectively. No significant length change was observed for the axial rotator. This study presents an alternate anatomical insight into the clinical rehabilitation of FHP. Six muscles appear to be important in restoring optimal head posture, with improvements in FHP being related to interventions associated with the occipital and cervical extensors.
Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Activity of Sulfoximine Derivatives Containing Nitroguanidine Moieties
Authors: Xiao Yulong , Li Hongsen , Shao Qun , Liu Yuan , Xie Yonghai , Zhao Linjing , Li Ya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo discover novel pesticide candidates, a series of sulfoximine derivatives were designed and synthesized via the oxidation coupling reaction of sulfides and N‐alkyl nitroguanidines. The compounds were evaluated for their antifungal activity against six phytopathogenic fungi. Most of them exhibited a broad spectrum of fungicidal activity in vitro. Compound 8IV‐b displayed good fungicidal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium graminearum, and Phytophthora capsici, with EC50 value of 12.82, 12.50, 17.25, 31.08, and 30.11 mg/L, respectively. In addition, compounds 8III‐c and 8IV‐e had EC50 values of 22.23 and 20.67 mg/L against P. capsic, which were significantly better than that of the commercial procymidone (118.15 mg/L). Strikingly, 8IV‐d exhibited satisfactory fungicidal activity against B. cinerea, which was comparable to control procymidone in terms of their EC50 values (7.42 versus 10.83 mg/L), and the bioassays in vivo further confirmed that 8IV‐d possessed potent protective effect against B. cinerea at 200 mg/L (72.2 %). These present findings will facilitate the design and development of novel potent fungicides.
Congenital duplicated incus in the mastoid cavity
Authors: Pan Dorothy W. , Voelker Courtney C. J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMany congenital ossicular chain malformations exist, usually involving ossicular deformities, fixation, absence, or discontinuity. Duplication of ossicles has not been reported, much less a duplicated ossicle located in the mastoid. We present a case of a patient who had a duplicated incus in the mastoid antrum.
Remote Oxidative Activation of a [Cp*Rh] Monohydride**
Authors: Boyd Emily A. , Hopkins Leseberg Julie A. , Cosner Emma L. , Lionetti Davide , Henke Wade C. , Day Victor W. , Blakemore James D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHalf‐sandwich rhodium monohydrides are often proposed as intermediates in catalysis, but little is known regarding the redox‐induced reactivity accessible to these species. Herein, the bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf) ligand has been used to explore the reactivity that can be induced when a [Cp*Rh] monohydride undergoes remote (dppf‐centered) oxidation by 1e−. Chemical and electrochemical studies show that one‐electron redox chemistry is accessible to Cp*Rh(dppf), including a unique quasi‐reversible RhII/I process at −0.96 V vs. ferrocenium/ferrocene (Fc+/0). This redox manifold was confirmed by isolation of an uncommon RhII species, [Cp*Rh(dppf)]+, that was characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Protonation of Cp*Rh(dppf) with anilinium triflate yielded an isolable and inert monohydride, [Cp*Rh(dppf)H]+, and this species was found to undergo a quasireversible electrochemical oxidation at +0.41 V vs. Fc+/0 that corresponds to iron‐centered oxidation in the dppf backbone. Thermochemical analysis predicts that this dppf‐centered oxidation drives a dramatic increase in acidity of the Rh−H moiety by 23 pKa units, a reactivity pattern confirmed by in situ 1H NMR studies. Taken together, these results show that remote oxidation can effectively induce M−H activation and suggest that ligand‐centered redox activity could be an attractive feature for the design of new systems relying on hydride intermediates.
Numerical investigation of flow, heat transfer, and kinetic reaction in a large‐difference bidisperse, circulating fluidized‐bed reactor
Authors: Song Chen , Xiao Juan , Lin Weixiang , Wang Simin , Tu Jiyuan , Wen Jian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo study particle bidispersity effect on the comprehensive performance of a gas–solid fluidized system, multi‐field coupling numerical research of large‐difference bidisperse circulating fluidized bed was performed. First, numerical simulation was conducted on the dynamic characteristic of a bidisperse gas–solid system that contained both Geldart A and B particles; heat transfer and reaction performances were then studied with the introduction of a propane dehydrogenation (PDH) kinetic reaction model; and finally, the concept of coupling fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and PDH processes was proposed, and the feasibility was preliminarily discussed. The results showed that the two particle phases were hierarchically distributed with a pronounced segregation layer due to their large‐difference bidispersity characteristic, the Geldart B‐type particle was in a bubbling fluidizing state, while the Geldart A‐type particle was in a turbulent fluidizing state. With the initialized bed and regeneration temperature set to 973 K, the regenerated catalyst's final, balanced temperature could decrease to 942 K, which demonstrated that a significant decline in contact temperature between the feedstock and catalyst could be achieved in the following FCC risers. Additionally, this coupling process also achieved a nearly complete conversion of propane into propene, with a conversion efficiency of above 95%. The results showed the feasibility of this coupling process, which could optimize FCC riser reaction conditions and further achieve a higher‐valued light gas yield. This research can provide a reference for the study of the bidispersity effect on a gas–solid system, and the introduced coupling process can provide a new model for the FCC process's optimization.
Protic ionic liquid—2,2,2‐trifluoroacetic acid—methyl trifluoroacetate mixture distillation process
Authors: Polkovnichenko Andrei V. , Lupachev Egor V. , Kvashnin Sergei Ya. , Kulov Nikolai N. , Voshkin Andrey A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe work provides experimental data of the methyl trifluoroacetate (MeTFA)—2,2,2‐trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) mixture distillation process in the presence of N‐Methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) at atmospheric pressure (99.2 kPa) and within a temperature range of T ≤ 230°C. Forming PIL between TFA and NMP (methylpyrrolidonium trifluoroacetate [HNMP]+[CF3COO]−) leads to a significant volatility increase of the MeTFA relative to TFA. The pure MeTFA was recovered from the MeTFA‐TFA‐[HNMP]+[CF3COO]− mixture in the quantity of 70% from the MeTFA initial mole charge; the total mole recovery was 100%. A significant result of the above experiment is that TFA mole recovery from the MeTFA‐TFA‐[HNMP]+[CF3COO]− mixture within a temperature range of T < 187°C exceeds 96%. The distillation of TFA and NMP mixture at T ≤ 230°C demonstrates strong binding of TFA anion that can be seen from the final liquid phase composition TFA/NMP ≈ 0.53/0.47. At the concentration and the temperature ranges under study, there is no NMP in the vapour phase.
Cross‐reactivity between tick and wasp venom can contribute to frequent wasp sensitization in patients with the α‐Gal syndrome
Authors: Kiewiet Mensiena B. G. , Perusko Marija , Grundström Jeanette , Hamsten Carl , Starkhammar Maria , Apostolovic Danijela , van Hage Marianne 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundα‐Gal syndrome (AGS) is a food allergy with severe delayed allergic reactions, mediated by IgE‐reactivity to galactose‐α1,3‐galactose (α‐Gal). AGS is strongly associated with tick bites. An increased incidence of venom sensitization has been found in AGS patients. Here, we evaluated the frequency of wasp sensitization in Swedish AGS patients and the possible cross‐reactivity between wasp venom and tick proteins.MethodsSera from 136 Swedish AGS patients and 29 wasp‐positive non‐AGS control sera were analyzed for IgE‐reactivity against wasp venom (Vespula spp.), the European tick Ixodes ricinus (Streptavidin ImmunoCAP), α‐Gal and total IgE by ImmunoCAP. The presence of α‐Gal on wasp venom proteins (Vespula vulgaris) was investigated by western blot (WB), and possible cross‐reactivity between wasp venom and tick proteins by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and WB. Involvement of cross‐reactive carbohydrate domains (CCDs) was also assessed.ResultsWasp sensitization was present in 54% of AGS patients, although the IgE levels were low. Wasp sensitized patients had higher IgE levels to α‐Gal and total IgE levels compared to non‐wasp sensitized AGS patients. α‐Gal was not detected in wasp venom, but cross‐reactivity between wasp and tick proteins was demonstrated which was not dependent on CCDs. The same cross‐reactivity was also observed in the control sera. Furthermore, 17 putative cross‐reactive peptides were identified using an in silico approach.ConclusionsFor the first time, cross‐reactivity between wasp venom and tick proteins has been described. This may be a reason why the majority of Swedish AGS patients, who have all been tick bitten, are also sensitized against wasp.
A Potential MDM2 Inhibitor Formed by Restoring the Native Conformation of the p53 α‐Helical Peptide on Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Qi , Sheng Lingjie , Liu Yuan‐Yuan , Gao Tiange , Wang Haifang , Liu Yuanfang , Cao Aoneng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMany efforts have been made to develop inhibitors of MDM2 as potential drugs for cancer therapy. In this work, we use our previous developed conformational engineering technique to stabilize the binding conformation of the p53 transcription activation domain (TAD) peptide on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and create an AuNP‐based anti‐MDM2 artificial antibody, denoted as anti‐MDM2 Goldbody, that specifically binds MDM2. Though the free TAD peptide is unstructured, circular dichroism (CD) spectra confirm that its α‐helical conformation in the original p53 protein is restored on the anti‐MDM2 Goldbody, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments confirm that there is strong specific interaction between the anti‐MDM2 Goldbody and MDM2, demonstrating the anti‐MDM2 Goldbody as a potential inhibitor of MDM2. This work demonstrates that the conformational engineering technique is not limited to the antigen‐antibody systems, but can also be applied more widely in other protein‐protein interfaces to create increasingly more artificial proteins for various biomedical applications.