bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of cellular physiology and morphology of Purkinje cells in the adult zebrafish cerebellum
Authors: Magnus Gerhard , Xing Junling , Zhang Yueping , Han Victor Z. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study was designed to explore the functional circuitry of the adult zebrafish cerebellum, focusing on its Purkinje cells and using whole‐cell patch recordings and single cell labeling in slice preparations. Following physiological characterizations, the recorded single cells were labeled for morphological identification. It was found that the zebrafish Purkinje cells are surprisingly diverse. Based on their physiology and morphology, they can be classified into at least three subtypes: Type I, a narrow spike cell, which fires only narrow Na+ spikes (<3 ms in duration), and has a single primary dendrite with an arbor restricted to the distal molecular layer; Type II, a broad spike cell, which fires broad Ca2+ spikes (5–7 ms in duration) and has a primary dendrite with limited branching in the inner molecular layer and then further radiates throughout the molecular layer; and Type III, a very broad spike cell, which fires very broad Ca2+ spikes (≥10 ms in duration) and has a dense proximal dendritic arbor that is either restricted to the inner molecular layer (Type IIIa), or radiates throughout the entire molecular layer (Type IIIb). The graded paired‐pulse facilitation of these Purkinje cells’ responses to parallel fiber activations and the all‐or‐none, paired‐pulse depression of climbing fiber activation are largely similar to those reported for mammals. The labeled axon terminals of these Purkinje cells end locally, as reported for larval zebrafish. The present study provides evidence that the corresponding functional circuitry and information processing differ from what has been well‐established in the mammalian cerebellum.
Infrared Spectroscopy Evidence of Weak Interactions in Frustrated Lewis Pairs Formed by Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane
Authors: Marques Leandro Ramos , Ando Rômulo Augusto 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFrustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) have been widely investigated as promising catalysts due to their metal‐free feature and ability to activate small molecules. Since their discovery, many works have been investigating how these Lewis pairs (intermolecular pairs) are held together in an encounter complex. This prompted several studies based on theoretical investigations, but experimental ones are limited yet. In this communication we show evidence of weak intermolecular interactions between Lewis acids and Lewis bases, distinguishing the Lewis adduct from FLPs, by probing fluorine‐carbon vibrational modes using infrared spectroscopy. The main evidence is based on the band shifts occurring in FLPs due to weak hydrogen bonds between the hydrogen atoms of the Lewis base and the fluorine atoms of Lewis acid.
Stress, trauma, and perception of eating behavior changes during the first weeks of the COVID‐19 outbreak
Authors: Karvay Yvette G. , Helion Chelsea , Vafiadis Athena , Smith David V. , Jarcho Johanna M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe COVID‐19 pandemic is one of the largest collective stressors in recent history. Consistent with prior research, this stress has led to impactful eating behavior change. While prior life traumas also impact eating behavior, it is unclear whether the current stress experienced during COVID‐19, and prior life traumas (overall, socially relevant, and nonsocially relevant), interact to influence eating behavior changes. Moreover, it is unclear whether current stress and prior traumas impact how eating behavior changes are perceived (i.e., in magnitude, valence, or both) by the individuals experiencing the changes. Therefore, this study sought to examine both the relationship between current stress and perception of eating behavior changes, as well as the moderating impact of prior life traumas on this relationship.MethodsBetween March and April 2020, participants completed a subjective, self‐report online assessment of current stress, prior life traumas, pandemic‐related changes in eating behaviors, and the perceived impact of eating behavior changes.ResultsHigher current stress was associated with larger, more negative perceptions of eating behavior changes. This relationship was moderated by prior life traumas. Specifically, the association between current stress and perceived negative impact of eating behavior change was potentiated among those with more prior socially relevant (but not nonsocially relevant) traumas.DiscussionThese results suggest eating behavior changes occurred early in the pandemic and were uniquely impacted by the cumulative effect of present stress and socially relevant prior life traumas.Public SignificanceChanges in eating behaviors and pathology have been prevalent during COVID‐19. We examined how stress and prior life traumas interacted during the first weeks of COVID‐19 to influence perceptions of eating behavior change. As altered perception of eating behaviors is a notable feature of eating pathology, these results will help inform development of intervention targets for those at risk for developing disordered eating during future‐ and post‐pandemic recovery.
Utilizations and characteristics of ovarian conservation at hysterectomy for cervical carcinoma in situ
Authors: Matsuo Koji , Violette Caroline J. , Mandelbaum Rachel S. , Shoupe Donna , Roman Lynda D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the trends and characteristics of ovarian conservation at time of hysterectomy in cervical carcinoma in situ.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study examining the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's National Inpatient Sample, January 2016 to December 2019. The study population included 6605 patients aged less than 65 years with cervical carcinoma in situ who underwent hysterectomy. Exposure allocation was the adnexal procedure status (ovarian conservation vs. oophorectomy). Main outcome measures were temporal trends of ovarian conservation over time and per patient age. A classification‐tree was constructed to examine utilization patterns of ovarian conservation.ResultsOvarian conservation was performed in 57.2% of patients. Ovarian conservation rates were unchanged over time (P‐trend = 0.219). Ovarian conservation rates remained stable until age 40 years, ranging from 88.0% to 78.6% (P‐trend = 0.236), after which time the rate sharply decreased from 78.6% to 19.1% (P‐trend <0.001). In a multivariable analysis, younger age, fewer comorbidities, higher household income, vaginal hysterectomy, and surgery at small bed capacity non‐rural hospitals were associated with ovarian conservation (all, P < 0.05). There were 17 utilization patterns of ovarian conservation for which the rate ranged from 17.2% to 94.4% (absolute rate difference 77.2%, P < 0.001).ConclusionDecrease in the utilization of ovarian conservation at hysterectomy for cervical carcinoma in situ occurred at age 40 years, which is earlier than expected.
Reduction of adverse outcomes from cesarean section by surgical‐site infection prevention care bundles in maternity
Authors: Erritty Matthew , Hale Joann , Thomas James , Thompson Anna , Wright Ria , Low Anna , Carr Megan , George Richard , Williams Lisa , Dumitrescu Alexandra , Rees Jacqui , Irukulla Shashi , Fry Christopher H. , Fluck David , Han Thang S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo reduce average surgical‐site infection (SSI) rates to less than 7.5%, as well as other complications by incrementally implementing an SSI prevention care bundle in maternity: (1) ChloraPrep; (2) PICO dressings, performing elective cesarean sections in a main theater rather than a labor ward and warming blankets; (3) vaginal cleansing; and (4) Hibiscrub.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, the association between categorical variables was assessed by χ2 tests, temporal trends in the monthly percentage change of SSI were measured using the Joinpoint Regression Program v4.7.0.0.ResultsIn all, 1682 women (mean age 33.1 ± 5.2 years) underwent either elective (53.9%) or emergency (46.1%) cesarean section. After a small initial increase (10.0%–11.8%), SSI progressively declined to 4.4% (χ2 = 22.1, P < 0.001), as did sepsis, reoperation or readmission for SSI: from 12.5% to 0.5% (χ2 = 90.1, P < 0.001). The rates of SSI fell progressively with the cumulative introduction care bundle components. The average monthly percentage change was −14.0% (95% confidence interval −21.8% to −5.4%, P = 0.004), and the average SSI rate was kept below 7.5% for the last 12 months of the study.ConclusionThe maternal SSI prevention care bundle is simple and inexpensive; it effectively reduces SSI after a cesarean section and should be offered routinely to women undergoing cesarean section.
Adverse effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Ming Yang , Liu Gang , Li Jun , Lai Hao , Wang Chunsheng , Zhu Kai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Meanwhile, environment air pollution has become a serious health risk factor, contributing to the mortality of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. A substantial body of evidence has shown that many types of vascular diseases are related to air pollution. The physiology and pathophysiology of the three layers of vascular vessels, especially the inner and medial layer, contribute to the process of vascular diseases. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the predominant cells in the medial layer, and several studies have indicated that air pollution has an adverse effect on VSMCs. There are numerous sources of air pollution across the world, and the components of air pollutants are a complex mixture of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter. Among these air pollutants, particulate matter (PM)2.5 presents the highest risk factor leading to global mortality from cardiovascular disease and disability. In this review, we primarily focus on the impacts of PM2.5 exposure on VSMCs. We further discuss the correlation between exposure to PM2.5 and other vascular diseases and present potential protective and treatment strategies to decrease vascular mortality related to air pollution.
Reaction of propionitrile with methylidyne: A theoretical study
Authors: Krikunova Lubov I. , Nikolayev Anatoliy A. , Porfiriev Denis P. , Mebel Alexander M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe results of a CCSD(T)‐F12/cc‐pVTZ‐f12//ωB97XD/cc‐pVTZ quantum‐chemical study of the potential energy surface (PES) for the reaction of propionitrile with methylidyne are combined with Rice‐Ramsperger‐Kassel‐Marcus (RRKM) calculations of the reaction rate constants and product branching ratios in the deep space conditions corresponding to the zero‐pressure limit at various collision energies. The most energetically favorable reaction pathways have been identified. The reaction outcome has been shown to strongly depend on the branching in the entrance reaction channel, between CH additions and insertions into various C‐H and C‐C bonds. For instance, CH addition to the N atom predominantly leads to 3H‐pyrrole + H (p9), with CH2NC + C2H4 (p2) also being a significant product. CH addition to the triple C≡N bond mostly results in 2‐methylene‐2H‐azirine + CH3 (p13), whereas CH insertions into C‐H bonds in the CH3 and CH2 groups of propionitrile form CH2CN + C2H4 (p1) and CH2CHCN + CH3 (p7) respectively. Less likely CH insertions into single C‐C bonds yield CH3CHCHCN + H (p5) and CH2CHCH2CN + H (p8). The results indicate that the methylidyne + propionitrile reaction may represent a critical step toward the formation of heterocyclic N‐containing molecules in the interstellar medium and in planetary atmospheres.
Ex vivo study of detergent‐assisted intraosseous bone wash treatment of osteonecrosis
Authors: Andre Graham , Boschetto Francesco , Gokani Vishal , Singhal Mo , Jing Yan , Kim Harry K. W. , Ma Chi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAvascular necrosis (AVN) involves ischemic cell death of the bone. AVN leaves an abundance of necrotic lipids and debris in the bone marrow, which instigates inflammatory bone repair. Consequently, the necrotic bone microenvironment stimulates excessive bone resorption, leading to joint deformities and osteoarthritis. Here, we performed a detergent‐assisted bone wash using poloxamer 407 (P407) to clean the necrotic bone environment by removing lipids and necrotic debris. The new concept was tested using an established ex vivo AVN model of porcine cadaver humeral heads. The P407 wash was performed using P407 solution and followed with saline via two intraosseous needles. Visual inspection and image analyses of average pixel light intensity showed that the P407 wash produced a better‐cleaned bone than the saline wash. Analyses of the collected bone wash solution showed a two‐fold increase in triglycerides (101 vs. 53 mmol/head, p = 0.006) and a 10‐fold increase in the dry weight of the removed debris (1.34 vs. 0.13 g/head, p = 0.02) with the P407 wash compared to saline. The histological evaluation showed significantly decreased Oil‐Red‐O (fats) staining in the P407‐washed bone compared with the saline‐washed bone. The in vitro assays of Alizarin red and qPCR showed the P407 wash neither altered the osteogenic behaviors of porcine bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal cells (pBMMCs) nor raised inflammatory responses of porcine bone marrow‐derived macrophages (pBMMs). In conclusion, detergent‐assisted bone wash using P407 produced a better removal of nonsoluble debris from the bone marrow space than the saline wash without causing changes to osteogenesis or inflammatory reactions.
Non‐negative matrix factorisation of Raman spectra finds common patterns relating to neuromuscular disease across differing equipment configurations, preclinical models and human tissue
Authors: Alix James J. P. , Plesia Maria , Schooling Chlöe N. , Dudgeon Alexander P. , Kendall Catherine A. , Kadirkamanathan Visakan , McDermott Christopher J. , Gorman Gráinne S. , Taylor Robert W. , Mead Richard J. , Shaw Pamela J. , Day John C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRaman spectroscopy shows promise as a biomarker for complex nerve and muscle (neuromuscular) diseases. To maximise its potential, several challenges remain. These include the sensitivity to different instrument configurations, translation across preclinical/human tissues and the development of multivariate analytics that can derive interpretable spectral outputs for disease identification. Nonnegative matrix factorisation (NMF) can extract features from high‐dimensional data sets and the nonnegative constraint results in physically realistic outputs. In this study, we have undertaken NMF on Raman spectra of muscle obtained from different clinical and preclinical settings. First, we obtained and combined Raman spectra from human patients with mitochondrial disease and healthy volunteers, using both a commercial microscope and in‐house fibre optic probe. NMF was applied across all data, and spectral patterns common to both equipment configurations were identified. Linear discriminant models utilising these patterns were able to accurately classify disease states (accuracy 70.2–84.5%). Next, we applied NMF to spectra obtained from the mdx mouse model of a Duchenne muscular dystrophy and patients with dystrophic muscle conditions. Spectral fingerprints common to mouse/human were obtained and able to accurately identify disease (accuracy 79.5–98.8%). We conclude that NMF can be used to analyse Raman data across different equipment configurations and the preclinical/clinical divide. Thus, the application of NMF decomposition methods could enhance the potential of Raman spectroscopy for the study of fatal neuromuscular diseases.
Effect of exercise on rehabilitation of breast cancer surgery patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lin Yawei , Chen Yi , Liu Rongrong , Cao Baohua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo determine the effective exercise methods for different complications of breast cancer patients after surgery.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsA comprehensive electronic search was carried out with no time limit until May 2020. Studies must have been randomized controlled trials of patients after breast cancer surgery, without limit to the way of exercise. Literature quality was evaluated by the modified Jadad scale. The meta‐analysis was conducted with CMA2.0 software.ResultsAerobic exercise reduced the intensity of the pain (MD = −1.043), improved shoulder flexion (MD = 3.398) and internal rotation range (MD = 3.868), lessened upper limb dysfunction (MD = −5.231) and improved muscle strength during flexion (MD = 1.076) and abduction (MD = 0.991). Shoulder elbow movement improved the range of shoulder external rotation (MD = 2.691) and reduced the incidence of arm lymphedema (RR = 0.343). Anti‐resistance exercise also lessened upper limb dysfunction (MD = − 4.094).
The tumor microenvironment and immune targeting therapy in pediatric renal tumors
Authors: Hont Amy B. , Dumont Benoit , Sutton Kathryn S. , Anderson John , Kentsis Alex , Drost Jarno , Hong Andrew L. , Verschuur Arnauld 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis review highlights the role of several immunomodulating elements contributing to the tumor microenvironment of various pediatric renal tumors including Wilms tumor. The roles of innate and adaptive immune cells in renal tumors are summarized as well as immunomodulatory cytokines and other proteins. The expression and the predictive role of checkpoint modulators like PD‐L1 and immunomodulating proteins like glypican‐3, B7‐H3, COX‐2 are highlighted with a translational view toward potential therapeutic innovations. We further discuss the current state of preclinical models in advancing this field of study. Finally, examples of clinical trials of immunomodulating strategies such as monoclonal antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‐T) cells for relapsed/refractory/progressive pediatric renal tumors are described.
The impact of COVID‐19 on school‐age children
Authors: Stone Glenn , Witzig Tyler , McIntosh Constance 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe paper examines the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on school‐age children and their families. Changes to their daily lives were examined through the lens of their physical, mental, and emotional well‐being. An analysis of current literature was conducted examining the emerging research on the pandemic's effects on families. A case example is provided to offer a narrative snapshot of the many experiences faced by children and families throughout school closures and stay at home orders. The paper concludes with implications for providers and further research with special attention paid to the emergence of telehealth and implications for treatment.
LambdaPP: Fast and accessible protein‐specific phenotype predictions
Authors: Olenyi Tobias , Marquet Céline , Heinzinger Michael , Kröger Benjamin , Nikolova Tiha , Bernhofer Michael , Sändig Philip , Schütze Konstantin , Littmann Maria , Mirdita Milot , Steinegger Martin , Dallago Christian , Rost Burkhard 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe availability of accurate and fast artificial intelligence (AI) solutions predicting aspects of proteins are revolutionizing experimental and computational molecular biology. The webserver LambdaPP aspires to supersede PredictProtein, the first internet server making AI protein predictions available in 1992. Given a protein sequence as input, LambdaPP provides easily accessible visualizations of protein 3D structure, along with predictions at the protein level (GeneOntology, subcellular location), and the residue level (binding to metal ions, small molecules, and nucleotides; conservation; intrinsic disorder; secondary structure; alpha‐helical and beta‐barrel transmembrane segments; signal‐peptides; variant effect) in seconds. The structure prediction provided by LambdaPP—leveraging ColabFold and computed in minutes—is based on MMseqs2 multiple sequence alignments. All other feature prediction methods are based on the pLM ProtT5. Queried by a protein sequence, LambdaPP computes protein and residue predictions almost instantly for various phenotypes, including 3D structure and aspects of protein function. LambdaPP is freely available for everyone to use under embed.predictprotein.org, the interactive results for the case study can be found under https://embed.predictprotein.org/o/Q9NZC2. The frontend of LambdaPP can be found on GitHub (github.com/sacdallago/embed.predictprotein.org), and can be freely used and distributed under the academic free use license (AFL‐2). For high‐throughput applications, all methods can be executed locally via the bio‐embeddings (bioembeddings.com) python package, or docker image at ghcr.io/bioembeddings/bio_embeddings, which also includes the backend of LambdaPP.
Saussurea involucrata oral liquid regulates gut microbiota and serum metabolism during alleviation of collagen‐induced arthritis in rats
Authors: Cong Shan , Wang Lingrui , Meng Yan , Cai Xuanlin , Zhang Chenxi , Gu Yanqin , Ma Xiumin , Luo Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSaussurea involucrata oral liquid (SIOL) can clinically relieve symptoms, such as joint pain and swelling, and morning stiffness, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the mechanism of action remains unclear. This study used a combination of gut microbiota and serum metabolomics analysis to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of SIOL intervention on rats with RA induced by type II bovine collagen and Freund's complete adjuvant. Results showed that SIOL treatment consequently improved the degree of ankle joint swelling, joint histopathological changes, joint pathological score, and expression of serum‐related inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐10, and tumor necrosis factor‐α) in RA model rats. 16 S rRNA sequencing results showed that SIOL increased the relative richness of the Lactobacillus and Bacteroides genus and decreased the relative richness of Romboutsia, Alloprevotella, Blautia, and Helicobacter genus. Serum nontargeted metabolomic results indicated that SIOL could regulate metabolites related to metabolic pathways, such as glycine, serine, threonine, galactose, cysteine, and methionine metabolism. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the regulatory effects of SIOL on the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, phenylalanine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism pathways were correlated with changes in the richness of the Lactobacillus, Romboutsia, Bacteroides, and Alloprevotella genus in the gut microbiome. In conclusion, this study revealed the ameliorative effects of SIOL on RA and suggested that the therapeutic effects of SIOL on RA may be related to the regulation of the community richness of the Lactobacillus, Romboutsia, Bacteroides, and Alloprevotella genus, thereby improving the TCA cycle; phenylalanine metabolism; phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism‐related pathways.