bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong Nonlinearity Induced by Coaxial Alignment of Polar Chain and Dense [BO3] Units in CaZn2(BO3)2
Authors: Mutailipu Miriding , Li Fuming , Jin Congcong , Yang Zhihua , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R. , Pan Shilie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiscovery of new efficient nonlinear optical (NLO) materials with large second‐order nonlinearity for the short‐wave ultraviolet spectral region (λPM≤266 nm, PM=phase‐matching) is still very challenging. Herein, a new beryllium‐free borate CaZn2(BO3)2 with Sr2Be2B2O7 (SBBO) double‐layered like configuration was rationally designed, which not only preserves the structural merits but also eliminates the limitations of the SBBO crystal. CaZn2(BO3)2 shows a large PM second harmonic generation (SHG) reponse of 3.8×KDP, which is 38 times higher than that of its barium analogue. This enhancement mainly originates from the 1[Zn2O6]∞ polar chains with a large net dipole moment and [BO3] units with a high NLO active density. Our findings show the great significance of the [ZnO4] tetrahedra introduced strategy to design beryllium‐free SBBO‐type NLO crystals and also verify the feasibility of using simple non‐isomorphic substitution to induce giant second‐order nonlinearity enhancement.
Single‐Cell Quantification of a Highly Biocompatible Dinuclear Iridium(III) Complex for Photocatalytic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Fan Zhongxian , Rong Yi , Sadhukhan Tumpa , Liang Shaoxia , Li Wenqing , Yuan Zhanxiang , Zhu Zilin , Guo Shunwen , Ji Shaomin , Wang Jinquan , Kushwaha Rajesh , Banerjee Samya , Raghavachari Krishnan , Huang Huaiyi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractQuantifying the content of metal‐based anticancer drugs within single cancer cells remains a challenge. Here, we used single‐cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to study the uptake and retention of mononuclear (Ir1) and dinuclear (Ir2) IrIII photoredox catalysts. This method allowed rapid and precise quantification of the drug in individual cancer cells. Importantly, Ir2 showed a significant synergism but not an additive effect for NAD(P)H photocatalytic oxidation. The lysosome‐targeting Ir2 showed low dark toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Ir2 exhibited high photocatalytic therapeutic efficiency at 525 nm with an excellent photo‐index in vitro and in tumor‐bearing mice model. Interestingly, the photocatalytic anticancer profile of the dinuclear Ir2 was much better than the mononuclear Ir1, indicating for the first time that dinuclear metal‐based photocatalysts can be applied for photocatalytic anticancer treatment.
Biologically Safe, Versatile, and Smart Bismuthene Functionalized with a Drug Delivery System Based on Red Phosphorus Quantum Dots for Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Song Huaibing , Wang Jun , Xiong Bin , Hu Jiayuan , Zeng Pei , Liu Xiaoming , Liang Huageng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTwo‐dimensional nanomaterials are attracting attention for cancer therapy. However, high toxicity, insensitivity to external stimuli and single therapeutic modality are still key issues hindering their clinical application. Therefore, the construction of a safe, intelligent and versatile nanocomposite is needed to meet clinical expectations. Herein, we developed a nanocomposite of Bi@RP‐PEG‐DOX with 2D bismuthene loaded with 0D red phosphorus quantum dots and DOX. The nanocomposite with DOX loading capacity (ca. 250 %) and photothermal conversion efficiency (ca. 54 %) showed both photothermal and photodynamic effects and a sensitive response of drug release to the acidic tumor microenvironment or NIR II laser irradiation. The nanocomposite exhibits good biosafety. Through the X‐ray attenuation properties of bismuth, the nanocomposite serves as an excellent CT contrast agent, providing potential to perform CT‐guided therapy.
Ultrafine palladium nanoparticles confined in polydopamine functionalized chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) nanofibers for Heck reaction
Authors: Luo Yangyang , Xie Mali , Zheng Jingxia , Shao Linjun , Qi Chenze , Du Yijun , Zhou Shujing , Li Jinjing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPolydopamine has been considered as the adhesive of mussels to solid surfaces in biological systems. The development of dopamine and polydopamine functionalized nanofibrous materials is highly desirable for catalysis, drug delivery and tissue engineering. Polydopamine induced surface functionalized solid matrices have been proved to be efficient supporting materials for palladium nanoparticles. In this study, the dopamine monomers were first incorporated into the Pd2+/chlorated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC) composite nanofibers by electrospinning and then polymerized in basic and reductive solution at elevated temperature to prepare stable polydopamine functionalized CPVC supported palladium composite nanofibers. Scanning electron microscopy images show that uniform and smooth nanofibers with diameter of ~325 nm have been prepared and high temperature can promote their solvent resistance. Fourier transformed infrared and UV–visible (UV–Vis) spectra confirmed the synthesis of polydopamine inside the composite nanofibers. The ultrafine palladium nanoparticles inside the composite nanofibers were characterized by X‐ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Although these palladium nanoparticles were confined inside the nanofibers, they exhibited excellent catalytic efficiency for the Heck reactions of aryl iodides with alkenes. Moreover, this novel fibrous catalyst could be easily recovered by simple filtration and reused at least five times without obviously loss of initial catalytic activity. In all, we have developed a distinctive way for the synthesis of polydopamine functionalized polymeric materials for catalysis and other applications.
PM2.5 decrease with precipitation as revealed by single‐point ground‐based observation
Authors: Fujino Risako , Miyamoto Yoshiaki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study analyzed the observed data of precipitation and PM2.5 concentration collected over two and a half years at Tsujido, Fujisawa City, to examine a quantitative relationship between the two quantities. It was observed that the PM2.5 concentration decreased as precipitation increased. A composite analysis revealed that the PM2.5 concentration on average decreases by 20.99% 1 h after the onset of precipitation as compared to that 1 h before, which is statistically significant based on a paired t‐test. The PM2.5 concentrations decreased over 8 h period from 5 h (−5 h) before to 3 h (+3 h) after the onset of precipitation, with a particularly dramatic decrease at the onset of precipitation. Analysis of PM2.5 scavenging rates by precipitation intensity showed that the scavenging rate was 2.03% for light precipitation events, 28.15% for moderate precipitation events, and 26.75% for heavy precipitation events, indicating that the scavenging rate increased with moderate precipitation intensity and above. It is suggested that the deposition processes of rainout and washout are effective in reducing PM2.5 concentration with precipitation.
Landscapes of Time: Building Long‐Term Perspectives in Animal Behavior*
Authors: Milam Erika Lorraine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the 1960s, scientists fascinated by the behavior of free‐living animals founded research projects that expanded into multi‐generation investigations. This paper charts the history of three scientists’ projects to uncover the varied reasons for investing in a “long‐term” perspective when studying animal behavior: Kenneth Armitage's study of marmots in the Rocky Mountains, Jeanne Altmann's analysis of baboons in Kenya, and Timothy Hugh Clutton‐Brock's studies (among others) of red deer on the island of Rhum and meerkats in the Kalahari. The desire to study the behavior of the same group of animals over extended periods of time, I argue, came from different methodological traditions – population biology, primatology, and sociobiology – even as each saw themselves as contributing to the legacy of ethology. As scientists embraced and combined these approaches, a small number of long‐running behavioral ecology projects like these grew from short pilot projects into decades‐long centers of intellectual gravity within behavioral ecology as a discipline. By attending to time as well as place, we can see how this long‐term perspective was crucial to their success; they measured evolutionary changes over generations of animals and their data provided insights into how the animals they studied were adapting (or not) to changing local and global environmental factors.
Protective role of activating transcription factor 3 against neuronal damage in rats with cerebral ischemia
Authors: Ma Na , Li Gaixia , Fu Xiuxin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe participation of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion injury has been reported. However, the precise mechanism of ATF3 in cerebral ischemia is little known so far. Thus, the study examines the mechanism of action underlying the protective role of ATF3 following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats.Methods and resultsThe MCAO rats exhibited reduced body weight and motor ability, while increased neurological deficits and brain infarct volume. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the TLR4/NF‐κB signaling. Moreover, ATF3 was the most differentially expressed gene in brain tissues of MCAO rats versus sham‐operated rats, which could bind to CCL2. ATF3 was reduced in MCAO rats, and ATF3 inhibited CCL2 expression to mediate the TLR4/NF‐κB signaling. Functionally, ATF3 inhibited neuronal apoptosis, microglia activation, and pro‐inflammatory cytokine production to alleviate brain injury in rats. By contrast, CCL2 was overexpressed in neurons and microglia, and CCL2 mitigated the effects of ATF3 to exacerbate brain injury in rats.ConclusionOur findings suggested that ATF3 repressed neuronal apoptosis and microglia activation caused by cerebral ischemia via targeting CCL2 and mediating the TLR4/NF‐κB signaling.
Through‐and‐through gunshot wound to the head in a rare case of survival
Authors: Cakani Bujar , Vyshka Gentian , Gega Petrit , Qirinxhi Denis 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe describe the case of a 42‐year old Caucasian male who presented for follow‐up treatment of refractory epilepsy. He suffered a cranial trauma 13 years before when a bullet from a pistol, (presumably accidentally) entered the right frontal side of the cranial vault and exited contralateral, causing severe neurological damage.
Identification of B Cell and T Cell Epitopes Using Synthetic Peptide Combinatorial Libraries
Authors: Pinilla Clemencia , Giulianotti Marc A. , Santos Radleigh G. , Houghten Richard A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article presents a combinatorial library method that consists of the synthesis and screening of mixture‐based synthetic combinatorial libraries of peptide molecules to identify B and T cell epitopes. The protocols employ peptide libraries to identify peptides recognized by MAbs and T cells. The first protocol uses a positional scanning peptide library made up of hexapeptides to identify antigenic determinants recognized by MAbs. The 120 mixtures in the hexapeptide library are tested for their inhibitory activity in a competitive ELISA. The second protocol uses a decapeptide library to identify T cell peptide ligands. The 200 mixtures of the decapeptide library are tested for their ability to induce T cell activation. Support protocols cover optimization of the assay conditions for each MAb or T cell, to achieve the best level of sensitivity and reproducibility, and preparation of a hexapeptide library, along with deconvolution approaches. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Screening peptide library for antibody inhibitionBasic Protocol 2: Screening a peptide library to identify CD4+ Or CD8+ T cell ligandsSupport Protocol 1: Optimizing antigen and antibody concentrations for screening assaySupport Protocol 2: Preparing a positional scanning peptide library
What is Next in Anion‐Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers? Bottlenecks, Benefits, and Future
Authors: Santoro Carlo , Lavacchi Alessandro , Mustarelli Piercarlo , Di Noto Vito , Elbaz Lior , Dekel Dario R. , Jaouen Frédéric 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs highlighted by the recent roadmaps from the European Union and the United States, water electrolysis is the most valuable high‐intensity technology for producing green hydrogen. Currently, two commercial low‐temperature water electrolyzer technologies exist: alkaline water electrolyzer (A‐WE) and proton‐exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEM‐WE). However, both have major drawbacks. A‐WE shows low productivity and efficiency, while PEM‐WE uses a significant amount of critical raw materials. Lately, the use of anion‐exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEM‐WE) has been proposed to overcome the limitations of the current commercial systems. AEM‐WE could become the cornerstone to achieve an intense, safe, and resilient green hydrogen production to fulfill the hydrogen targets to achieve the 2050 decarbonization goals. Here, the status of AEM‐WE development is discussed, with a focus on the most critical aspects for research and highlighting the potential routes for overcoming the remaining issues. The Review closes with the future perspective on the AEM‐WE research indicating the targets to be achieved.
Improved Effect of Metal Coordination on Molecular Oxygen Activation for Selective Aerobic Photooxidation
Authors: Cui Jing‐Wang , Rao Cai‐Hui , Jia Meng‐Ze , Yao Xin‐Rong , Zhang Jie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA pyridinium‐based complex with environment‐friendly and earth‐abundant ZnII ion was synthesized and explored as a green catalyst applied in activating molecular oxygen for the simple and efficient photooxidation of alcohols into aldehydes under additive‐free and mild conditions. The metal coordination was conducive to promoting the electron transfer efficiency and introducing the heavy‐atom effect for the increased generation of ⋅O2− and 1O2. Accordingly, improved photocatalytic performance of this complex compared to its precursor, no matter activity or selectivity, was obtained, facilitating the transformation of alcohols into aldehydes in a sustainable way.
Pediatric hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Lee Stephanie S. , Park Helen H. , Toledo Isabella , Ugoji Amaraoma C. , Hightower George K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPediatric hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that often occurs after puberty and can have a significant impact on quality of life and psychosocial health. Early diagnosis with carefully optimized holistic care are essential for improved outcomes in pediatric HS. In this review, we address diagnosis, epidemiology, associated comorbidities, and management of HS in the pediatric population.
Maternal prolactin levels during late pregnancy and nurturing behavior of offspring in mice
Authors: Masuda Shinnosuke , Ee Oh Kwan , Sairenji Taku James , Sato Seika , Yajima Hiroyuki , Amano Izuki , Koibuchi Noriyuki , Shimokawa Noriaki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractElucidating the mechanisms underlying nurturing and neglect behaviors is meaningful but challenging. Recently, we found that CIN85‐deficient mice had reduced pituitary hormone prolactin secretion during late pregnancy, and their pups later showed an inhibited nurturing behavior. To examine whether this phenomenon could be reproduced in normal mice and not just CIN85‐deficient mice, we investigated the nurturing behavior of offspring born to mothers whose blood prolactin levels had been reduced by bromocriptine administration during late pregnancy. First, to determine when bromocriptine treatment should be started, we investigated the detailed changes in blood prolactin levels in late pregnancy in mice, resulting in the identification of the prepartum prolactin surge. Furthermore, prolactin receptors in the fetal hypothalamus were expressed to the same extent as in the adult hypothalamus. Treatment with bromocriptine decreased the plasma concentrations of prolactin to the basal range throughout late pregnancy. However, against expectations, the proportion of the resultant pups exhibiting nurturing behaviors as adults was as high as that in the mice without bromocriptine treatment. In conclusion, the elimination of prolactin secretion during late pregnancy alone does not induce neglect‐like behavior in offspring, suggesting that CIN85‐deficient mice appear to involve another factor due to CIN85 deficiency besides prolactin deficiency.
Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire: Evaluating factor structures and establishing measurement invariance with Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Black, and White American college men
Authors: Goel Neha J. , Burnette Carolyn Blair , Weinstock Madison , Mazzeo Suzanne E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated the factor structure and invariance of the Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) in a sample of Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (n = 163), Black (n = 155), and White (n = 367) American university men.MethodTwelve different EDE‐Q factor structures reported in the literature were evaluated using multi‐group confirmatory factor analyses, and measurement invariance assessed.ResultsA respecified four‐factor structure proposed by Parker et al. (2016) showed superior fit and was invariant across groups. Significant differences emerged across all latent factors, with small to medium effects. Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander men reported significantly higher scores on factors assessing Appearance Concern, Overvaluation of Shape/Weight, and Eating Concerns, and were more likely to endorse regular objective binge eating (OBE) and fasting episodes than their Black and White peers. Both White and Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander men reported greater dietary restraint than Black men. Among this sample, frequencies of regular compensatory exercise ranged from 10% to 16%, fasting 6% to 14%, and OBEs 1% to 10%.DiscussionResults provide further support for the use of alternate EDE‐Q factor structures, especially among non‐White men. In this study, Asian/Hawaiian/Pacific Islander men reported the highest levels of ED psychopathology relative to White and Black men, indicating they might be particularly vulnerable to EDs.Public SignificanceThis study failed to find support for using the original Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire four‐factor structure to detect disordered eating in Asian, Black, and White American college men. An alternate model proposed by Parker et al. in 2016 may be more appropriate. Asian men also reported the highest levels of eating psychopathology relative to their peers, suggesting they may be at high risk for developing eating disorders.
Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on the benthic invertebrate community in intertidal wetlands
Authors: Lu Kangle , Han Guangxuan , Wu Haitao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExotic species invasions have profound effects on native ecosystems, with the ecological effects of non‐native plants being especially pervasive. We investigated the impacts of a plant invasion on benthic invertebrate assemblages in intertidal wetlands of the Yellow River Delta, comparing benthic communities associated with exotic Spartina alterniflora against those associated with native plants (Tamarix chinensis, Suaeda salsa, and mudflat). Our study surprisingly found that the density, diversity, and richness of benthic invertebrates associated with S. alterniflora were higher than with native habitats. Multivariate analysis also revealed that the structure of benthic invertebrates in S. alterniflora habitats was different than in T. chinensis and mudflat habitats. The structure of invertebrates associated with the invasive S. alterniflora and native S. salsa was more similar, although the dominant species differed. Indicator species analyses indicated that each habitat was characterized by unique taxa. S. alterniflora invasion increased the beta diversity of the community, with the species turnover component being of most importance. Mollusks were most likely to be influenced by Spartina invasions. Given the extent of the S. alterniflora invasion in the Yellow River Delta, altered benthic invertebrate communities will likely have important implications for the ecology of the intertidal wetland ecosystems and deserve increased attention.
Mathematical and functional link convolutional neural network model for optimum design parameter of solar chimney power plant
Authors: Pandey Vivek , Jangir Sunil Kumar , Kumar Manish , Singh Shatakshi , Sharma Chandraprakash , Joshi Nakul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEnergy is essential to sustain life and development and to fulfill daily requirements. A clean source of energy like the Solar Chimney Power Plant (SCPP) is essential or hybridized with conventional sources to meet the demand. Also, it will provide energy during the night and it will reduce the need and expense of physical batteries in comparison to the photovoltaic energy storage system. In this paper, a mathematical study has been done for the generation of 10 MW power from the SCPP. This paper optimized the core parameter of SCPP such as chimney height and collector radius under different operating conditions. It has been evaluated on the basis of data produced by the developed mathematical model. The current research work highlights the modern application of state‐of‐the‐art Deep Learning (DL) techniques that is, Functional Link Convolutional Neural Network (FLCNN) to map developed mathematical models. The proposed FLCNN is compared with various other Machine Learning algorithms including Support Vector Regression, K‐Nearest Neighbors, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, and Multilayer Perceptron. Proposed FLCNN performed efficiently and achieved 91% and 93% of Adjusted R2 score for predicting values of collector radius and chimney height, respectively, which is comparable to other ML algorithms.
Recognizing and addressing microaggressions in addiction treatment groups: An integrated approach
Authors: Steele Janeé M. , Lee Tiffany K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this article, the authors draw from multicultural orientation, broaching, and antibias microintervention frameworks to describe an integrated approach to addressing microaggressions during addiction treatment groups. A case study is provided to illustrate the approach and implementation considerations are outlined.