bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Powered, Long-Durable, and Highly Selective Oil–Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting and Intelligent Monitoring
Authors: Zhao Jun , Wang Di , Zhang Fan , Pan Jinshan , Claesson Per , Larsson Roland , Shi Yijun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have potential to achieve energy harvesting and condition monitoring of oils, the “lifeblood” of industry. However, oil absorption on the solid surfaces is a great challenge for oil–solid TENG (O-TENG). Here, oleophobic/superamphiphobic O-TENGs are achieved via engineering of solid surface wetting properties. The designed O-TENG can generate an excellent electricity (with a charge density of 9.1 µC m−2 and a power density of 1.23 mW m−2), which is an order of magnitude higher than other O-TENGs made from polytetrafluoroethylene and polyimide. It also has a significant durability (30,000 cycles) and can power a digital thermometer for self-powered sensor applications. Further, a superhigh-sensitivity O-TENG monitoring system is successfully developed for real-time detecting particle/water contaminants in oils. The O-TENG can detect particle contaminants at least down to 0.01 wt% and water contaminants down to 100 ppm, which are much better than previous online monitoring methods (particle > 0.1 wt%; water > 1000 ppm). More interesting, the developed O-TENG can also distinguish water from other contaminants, which means the developed O-TENG has a highly water-selective performance. This work provides an ideal strategy for enhancing the output and durability of TENGs for oil–solid contact and opens new intelligent pathways for oil–solid energy harvesting and oil condition monitoring.
Magnetic Microrobotic Swarms in Fluid Suspensions
Authors: Chen Hui , Yu Jiangfan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Microrobotic swarms have attracted extensive attentions due to their potential in medical and bioengineering applications. Because of the small sizes of swarm agents, integrating actuators, sensors, and control circuits are difficult. Microrobotic swarms in different fluid environments should be actuated and navigated by external physical fields, chemical fuels, and biological power. Magnetic fields have advantages, including real-time control, programmability, and high penetrability, and thus they are widely used to actuate magnetic microrobotic swarms. This review summarizes the recent remarkable progress in the magnetic actuation and navigation of magnetic microrobotic swarms.

Recent Findings
After development and evolution, the design of magnetic agents, and techniques of magnetic actuation and automatic control are now in place. Magnetic microrobotic swarms formed by different agents have been proposed, such as nanoparticles, artificial bacterial flagella, and bacteria. By tuning the applied fields, the morphology, orientation, and position of swarms can be adjusted on demand. Reconfigurability and motion dexterity are endowed to the microrobotic swarms.

Summary
The wireless magnetic actuation systems for microrobotic swarms are introduced, and the characteristics of microrobotic swarms actuated by different customized magnetic fields are described, such as rotating, oscillating, and hybrid fields. The results show that the swarm intelligence has been enhanced. Finally, the current challenges and opportunities in this field are discussed. The developments in materials, actuation methods, control strategies, and imaging modalities will transform the magnetic microrobotic swarms from lab to practical clinic.
Business and Human Rights in Latin America: A Systematic Review of Scholarship
Authors: Blanco Vizarreta Cristina , Betta Weronika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLatin America has traditionally been both an object of great interest to business and human rights (BHR) scholars and a source of important contributions to the discussion of the most pressing challenges in the field. This article is an attempt at a systematic review of the Latin American contributions to the BHR scholarship to date. It relies on systematic data collection and qualitative analysis of an original dataset of existing literature on BHR in the Latin American context, with the hope of providing a baseline assessment of the state of the field and contributing to building an interdisciplinary and diverse research agenda moving forward. Special focus is paid to how particular regional characteristics shape Latin American contributions. More broadly, the article offers an opportunity to reflect on the place of Global South perspectives in the development of the field.
Conflict, rockets, and birth outcomes: evidence from Israel's Operation Protective Edge
Authors: Lichtman-Sadot Shirlee , Benshalom-Tirosh Neta , Sheiner Eyal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In summer 2014, southern Israel experienced rocket attacks from the Hamas-ruled Gaza strip on a nearly daily basis for over 50 consecutive days. We exploit this unexpected escalation in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and variation across localities in Israel in the amount of sirens that warned of rocket attacks to measure the effect of conflict intensity on birth weight and gestation length among pregnant women during this period. In addition to the common notion that conflict intensity induces stress and anxiety, we show changes in prenatal care in response to sirens. This maternal behavioral response varies based on socioeconomic status, which ultimately differentially affected birth outcomes. While mothers ranked high socioeconomically likely had the resources to increase their prenatal care and shield their fetuses from the negative shock of sirens, mothers ranked low socioeconomically did not have these resources and even decreased prenatal care.
On the condition for elliptic operators in 1-sided nontangentially accessible domains satisfying the capacity density condition
Authors: Cao Mingming , Domínguez Óscar , Martell José María , Tradacete Pedro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Let

$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^{n+1}$

,

$n\ge 2$

, be a

$1$

-sided nontangentially accessible domain, that is, a set which is quantitatively open and path-connected. Assume also that

$\Omega $

satisfies the capacity density condition. Let

$L_0 u=-\mathop {\operatorname {div}}\nolimits (A_0 \nabla u)$

,

$Lu=-\mathop {\operatorname {div}}\nolimits (A\nabla u)$

be two real (not necessarily symmetric) uniformly elliptic operators in

$\Omega $

, and write

$\omega _{L_0}, \omega _L$

for the respective associated elliptic measures. We establish the equivalence between the following properties: (i)

$\omega _L \in A_{\infty }(\omega _{L_0})$

, (ii) L is

$L^p(\omega _{L_0})$

-solvable for some

$p\in (1,\infty )$

, (iii) bounded null solutions of L satisfy Carleson measure estimates with respect to

$\omega _{L_0}$

, (iv)

$\mathcal {S}<\mathcal {N}$

(i.e., the conical square function is controlled by the nontangential maximal function) in

$L^q(\omega _{L_0})$

for some (or for all)

$q\in (0,\infty )$

for any null solution of L, and (v) L is

$\mathrm {BMO}(\omega _{L_0})$

-solvable. Moreover, in each of the properties (ii)-(v) it is enough to consider the class of solutions given by characteristic functions of Borel sets (i.e,

$u(X)=\omega _L^X(S)$

for an arbitrary Borel set

$S\subset \partial \Omega $

).
Also, we obtain a qualitative analog of the previous equivalences. Namely, we characterize the absolute continuity of

$\omega _{L_0}$

with respect to

$\omega _L$

in terms of some qualitative local

$L^2(\omega _{L_0})$

estimates for the truncated conical square function for any bounded null solution of L. This is also equivalent to the finiteness

$\omega _{L_0}$

-almost everywhere of the truncated conical square function for any bounded null solution of L. As applications, we show that

$\omega _{L_0}$

is absolutely continuous with respect to

$\omega _L$

if the disagreement of the coefficients satisfies some qualitative quadratic estimate in truncated cones for

$\omega _{L_0}$

-almost everywhere vertex. Finally, when

$L_0$

is either the transpose of L or its symmetric part, we obtain the corresponding absolute continuity upon assuming that the antisymmetric part of the coefficients has some controlled oscillation in truncated cones for

$\omega _{L_0}$

-almost every vertex.
A characterization of the groups and by their -fusion systems, q odd
Authors: Kaspczyk Julian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Let q be a nontrivial odd prime power, and let

$n \ge 2$

be a natural number with

$(n,q) \ne (2,3)$

. We characterize the groups

$PSL_n(q)$

and

$PSU_n(q)$

by their

$2$

-fusion systems. This contributes to a programme of Aschbacher aiming at a simplified proof of the classification of finite simple groups.
Sovereignty, Reason, and Will: Carl Schmitt and Hasidic Legal Thought
Authors: Rothschild Zalman 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe decisionistic strand in Jewish legal philosophy is often neglected by scholars focused on the more common rational explanations for Jewish law. This article brings attention to decisionism in Jewish legal thought by analyzing the legal philosophy of Shneur Zalman of Lyady, the founder of the Habad Hasidic movement. The author uses the legal and political thought of Carl Schmitt—arguably modernity’s most influential decisionist—to help elucidate Shneur Zalman’s decisionistic legal thought and thereby put into sharper focus an otherwise underappreciated current in Jewish legal philosophy.
Belonging, Identity, and Identification - Reviewed: Kinship, Law and Politics: An Anatomy of Belonging. By Joseph E. David. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. Pp. 156. $110.00 (cloth); $88.00 (digital). ISBN: 9781108606967.
Authors: Goodman Lenn E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBelonging and the sense of belonging are vital factors of human identity, loyalty, and roles, the expectations we have of ourselves and of one another. The boundaries, social and sexual, that all human societies deploy to protect personal privacy and personal and group dignity are modulated by our sense of belonging and often by a complementary sense of difference. The bonds of affinity and the corresponding sense of belonging that modulate our norms and roles are perhaps most visible in the striking colorations they assume in the eyes of outsiders viewing the mores of traditional societies. But the vital necessity of a sense of shared identity is all the more critical when social identities are fragmented by faction, tribalism, or racism, or when anomie and alienation have sapped the sense of commitment that energizes collaborative efforts in any human group. Few dimensions of personal outlook and awareness are more powerful in communal, legal, or political settings than the sense of belonging, that curiously shared identity by which we bind ourselves and one another to shared goals and values in some version of the sense that we are one.
Inferring forms of glacier slip laws from estimates of ice-bed separation during glacier slip
Authors: Woodard Jacob B. , Zoet Lucas K. , Iverson Neal R. , Helanow Christian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSea-level projections depend sensitively on the parameterization used for basal slip in glacier flow models. During slip over rock-beds, ice-bed separation increases with slip velocity and basal water pressure. We present a method for using these variables and measured bed topography to estimate the average bed slope in contact with ice,${\bar m}$. Three-dimensional numerical modeling of slip over small areas of former beds has shown that changes in${\bar m}$with increasing slip velocity and water pressure mimic changes in basal drag. Computed values of${\bar m}$can thus provide the form of the slip law that relates drag to velocity and water pressure, avoiding computationally expensive numerical modeling. The method is applied to 618 sections from four former glacier beds. Results generally show an increase in${\bar m}$, and hence inferred basal drag, with slip velocity up to a limiting value, consistent with a regularized Coulomb slip law.
Discretion to exclude improperly obtained evidence in civil proceedings in England and Wales
Authors: Allen-Franks Alexandra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExclusion of improperly obtained evidence is often discussed in relation to criminal proceedings, but not civil proceedings, where concerns about wrongdoing of state actors and deprivation of liberty are not usually present. It is sometimes assumed that judges in civil proceedings in England and Wales had no discretion to exclude relevant and reliable evidence based on how it was obtained (as a distinct concern from exclusion of evidence of little probative value) prior to the enactment of the Civil Procedure Rules 1998. This paper seeks to demonstrate that this is wrong, arguing that a number of sources of power to exclude evidence on the basis of how that evidence was obtained have arisen in England and Wales, and that these are not attributable to the Civil Procedure Rules. There is a discretion which enables exclusion of evidence where this is ‘in the interests of justice’, and a discretion to do with the administration of justice. It may be possible to break these down further, to concerns over abuse of the court's own procedures, and executive illegality. Analysing the decisions leading to these developments reveals the importance of human rights concerns to recognition of exclusionary discretion in civil proceedings, and for informing the content of the discretion/s.
Are all fibres created equal with respect to lipid lowering? Comparing the effect of viscous dietary fibre to non-viscous fibre from cereal sources: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Jovanovski Elena , Nguyen Michelle , Kurahashi Yui , Komishon Allison , Li Dandan , Hoang Vi Thanh Ho , Khayyat Rana , Jenkins Alexandra Louisa , Khan Tauseef Ahmad , Zurbau Andreea , Sievenpiper John , Vuksan Vladimir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough compelling evidence from observational studies supports a positive association between consumption of cereal fibre and CVD risk reduction, randomised controlled trials (RCT) often target viscous fibre type as the prospective contributor to lipid lowering to reduce CVD risk. The objective of our study is to compare the lipids-lowering effects of viscous dietary fibre to non-viscous, cereal-type fibre in clinical studies. RCT that evaluated the effect of viscous dietary fibre compared with non-viscous, cereal fibre on LDL cholesterol and alternative lipid markers, with a duration of ≥ 3 weeks, in adults with or without hypercholesterolaemia were included. Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Central Register were searched through October 19, 2021. Data were extracted and assessed by two independent reviewers. The generic inverse variance method with random effects model was utilised to pool the data which were expressed as mean differences (MD) with 95 % CI. Eighty-nine trials met eligibility criteria (n 4755). MD for the effect of viscous dietary fibre compared with non-viscous cereal fibre were LDL cholesterol (MD = –0·26 mmol/l; 95 % CI: –0·30, −0·22 mmol/l; P < 0·01), non-HDL cholesterol (MD = –0·33 mmol/l; 95 % CI: –0·39, −0·28 mmol/l; P < 0·01) and Apo-B (MD = –0·04 g/l; 95 % CI: –0·06, −0·03 g/l; P < 0·01). Viscous dietary fibre reduces LDL cholesterol and alternative lipid markers relative to the fibre from cereal sources, hence may be a preferred type of fibre-based dietary intervention targeting CVD risk reduction.
Associations of the serumn-6 PUFA with exercise cardiac power in men
Authors: Esmaili Haleh , Tajik Behnam , Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka , Kurl Sudhir , Salonen Jukka T. , Virtanen Jyrki K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLow intake or tissue concentrations of then-6 PUFA, especially to the majorn-6 PUFA linoleic acid (LA), and low exercise cardiac power (ECP) are both associated with CVD risk. However, associations of then-6 PUFA with ECP are unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore cross-sectional associations of the serum totaln-6 PUFA, LA, arachidonic acid (AA),γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) concentrations with ECP and its components. In total, 1685 men aged 42–60 years from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study and free of CVD were included. ANCOVA was used to examine the mean values of ECP (maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max)/maximal systolic blood pressure (SBP)) and its components in quartiles of the serum total and individualn-6 PUFA concentrations. After multivariable adjustments, higher serum totaln-6 PUFA concentration was associated with higher ECP and VO2max(for ECP, the extreme-quartile difference was 0·77 ml/mmHg (95 % CI 0·38, 1·16,Pfor trendacross quartiles < 0·001) and for VO2max157 ml/min (95 % CI 85, 230,Pfor trend< 0·001), but not with maximal SBP. Similar associations were observed with serum LA concentration. Higher serum AA concentration was associated with higher ECP but not with VO2maxor maximal SBP. The minor serumn-6 PUFA GLA and DGLA were associated with higher maximal SBP during exercise test and DGLA also with higher VO2maxbut neither with ECP. In conclusion, especially LA concentration was associated with higher ECP. This may provide one mechanism for the cardioprotective properties of, especially, LA.
On the moments of characteristic polynomials
Authors: Jonnadula Bhargavi , Keating Jonathan P. , Mezzadri Francesco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe calculate the moments of the characteristic polynomials of
$N\times N$
matrices drawn from the Hermitian ensembles of Random Matrix Theory, at a position t in the bulk of the spectrum, as a series expansion in powers of t. We focus in particular on the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble. We employ a novel approach to calculate the coefficients in this series expansion of the moments, appropriately scaled. These coefficients are polynomials in N. They therefore grow as
$N\to\infty$
, meaning that in this limit the radius of convergence of the series expansion tends to zero. This is related to oscillations as t varies that are increasingly rapid as N grows. We show that the
$N\to\infty$
asymptotics of the moments can be derived from this expansion when
$t=0$
. When
$t\ne 0$
we observe a surprising cancellation when the expansion coefficients for N and
$N+1$
are formally averaged: this procedure removes all of the N-dependent terms leading to values that coincide with those expected on the basis of previously established asymptotic formulae for the moments. We obtain as well formulae for the expectation values of products of the secular coefficients.
Effects of vehicle traffic and trampling on the macrobenthic community of Amazonian macrotidal sandy beaches
Authors: Santos T. M. T. , Petracco M. , Venekey V. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe report for the first time the effects of vehicle traffic and beachgoer trampling on macrobenthic communities of Amazonian sandy beaches. Sampling was performed during four consecutive months with different beach use intensity in 2017 (before, during vacation, and two months after the vacation period) on three contrasting beaches with regard to disturbance (Urban: Atalaia; Intermediate: Farol-Velho; and Protected: Corvinas) in the intertidal zone along two equidistant transects at seven equidistant sampling stations from the high-tide water mark to the swash zone. At each sampling station, four biological and sediment samples were randomly collected. Also, in each station, the sediment compaction was determined using a manual penetrometer. Physical sediment variables remained constant over time in all beaches, whereas differences were found in sediment compaction over the months. Macrobenthic community differences in density and richness among months were observed at Atalaia and Farol-Velho beaches. In contrast, Corvinas beach remained constant throughout the study period. Furthermore, the vulnerability of the polychaetesThoracophellia papillata,Scolelepis squamataandParaonissp. indicates that they might be potential indicators of recreational activity impact.
Reduction of organic waste in a landfill lowers the visitation probability but not the local abundance of a long-lived scavenger species
Authors: Arévalo-Ayala Diego José , Real Joan , Durà Carles , Aymerich Joan , Hernández-Matías Antonio 
Published: August 2022

Summary
Globally, vultures are one of the most threatened of all groups of birds. European vulture populations are benefited by several anthropogenic food sources such as landfills. Current European Union directives aim to decrease the amount of organic matter dumped in landfills, reducing this important food source for some vulture species. In this context, we assessed the effect of the reduction of organic waste available and accessible for scavengers in a landfill on the visitation probability and abundance of a local Eurasian Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus population in Central Catalonia (NE Iberian Peninsula), using a long-term dataset of captured-marked-recaptured individuals in the period 2012–2018. Our results indicated a decrease in the visitation probability due to a significant reduction of organic matter dumped into the landfill after a waste treatment centre was built (0.82 to 0.76) that may cause a permanent emigration of vultures in response to food reduction. However, the estimated annual abundance of vultures tended to grow over time due to the positive trend that regional vulture populations have experienced in recent decades. These results suggest that population processes occurring at regional scales are more relevant to vulture populations than local waste management measures. A reduction in locally available food can make a site less attractive, but species with high dispersal capacity such as vultures may overcome this issue by moving to other suitable sites. Although Griffon Vultures obtain most of the food from domestic and wild ungulates, a regional application of European directives could threaten an important alternative feeding source, especially in food shortage seasons where landfills could be supporting the energetic requirements of the species. Conservation strategies should be planned to counteract the possible negative effects of new European directives on scavenger populations.
Weakening of Indian Summer Monsoon Synoptic Activity in Response to Polar Sea Ice Melt Induced by Albedo Reduction in a Climate Model
Authors: Chandra Varunesh , Sandeep S. , Suhas E. , Subramanian Aneesh C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe effect of polar sea ice melt on low latitude climate is little known. To understand the response of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) synoptic activity to the sea ice melt, we have run a suite of coupled and uncoupled climate model simulations. In one set of simulations, the albedo of sea ice is reduced so that it would melt due to increased absorption of solar radiation. The coupled model simulation with a reduced sea ice albedo resulted in an almost complete melting of the sea ice in summer in both hemispheres. A high‐resolution (50 km) atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) is forced with the climatological annual cycles of sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice concentrations (SIC) from the coupled model outputs to better resolve synoptic scale variability. In the high‐resolution AGCM simulations forced with SST and SIC from the sea ice melt experiments, the ISM circulation weakened substantially, and the monsoon low‐pressure systems (LPS) activity experienced an overall decline of 23%, with a widespread weakening in the south and a moderate strengthening over the north, in response to a decline of 78% (24%) in SIC over the Arctic (Antarctic) in the June–September season. The changes in the LPS activity in response to polar sea ice melt are found to be mostly driven by the changes in low‐level absolute vorticity and vertical shear over the Bay of Bengal.