bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A human kidney and liver organoid‐based multi‐organ‐on‐a‐chip model to study the therapeutic effects and biodistribution of mesenchymal stromal cell‐derived extracellular vesicles
Authors: Nguyen Vivian V. T. , Ye Shicheng , Gkouzioti Vasiliki , van Wolferen Monique E. , Yengej Fjodor Yousef , Melkert Dennis , Siti Sofia , de Jong Bart , Besseling Paul J. , Spee Bart , van der Laan Luc J. W. , Horland Reyk , Verhaar Marianne C. , van Balkom Bas W. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)‐derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) show therapeutic potential in multiple disease models, including kidney injury. Clinical translation of sEVs requires further preclinical and regulatory developments, including elucidation of the biodistribution and mode of action (MoA). Biodistribution can be determined using labelled sEVs in animal models which come with ethical concerns, are time‐consuming and expensive, and may not well represent human physiology. We hypothesised that, based on developments in microfluidics and human organoid technology, in vitro multi‐organ‐on‐a‐chip (MOC) models allow us to study effects of sEVs in modelled human organs like kidney and liver in a semi‐systemic manner. Human kidney‐ and liver organoids combined by microfluidic channels maintained physiological functions, and a kidney injury model was established using hydrogenperoxide. MSC‐sEVs were isolated, and their size, density and potential contamination were analysed. These sEVs stimulated recovery of the renal epithelium after injury. Microscopic analysis shows increased accumulation of PKH67‐labelled sEVs not only in injured kidney cells, but also in the unharmed liver organoids, compared to healthy control conditions. In conclusion, this new MOC model recapitulates therapeutic efficacy and biodistribution of MSC‐sEVs as observed in animal models. Its human background allows for in‐depth analysis of the MoA and identification of potential side effects.
Alleviation effect of supply chain finance on financing constraints of high‐tech small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises
Authors: Yan Bo , Liang Meng‐Ru 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper studies financing constraints of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area from the perspective of supply chain finance and examines how the supply chain finance affects the financing of SMEs. First, based on the cash‐cash flow sensitivity model, a multiple regression model is constructed. The results show that the supply chain finance could alleviate the financing constraints of SMEs. Second, a multi‐objective programming model is established, and an optimal solution is found by the genetic algorithm. It is concluded that the enterprise should allocate the appropriate amount of funds to obtain the optimal financing effect; to obtain the maximum financing benefit, the optimal strategy should be 65.2% of the supply chain finance capital. Finally, some suggestions are proposed forward to promote the development of SMEs in the bay area.
Lymphaticovenular anastomoses training model for multiple stages of lymphedema by using efferent lymphatic plexus of the mesenteric lymph node of rats
Authors: Ishiura Ryohei , Mitsui Kohei , Banda Chihena Hansini , Danno Kanako , Narushima Mitsunaga 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionLymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) has transformed lymphedema treatment and has become an important part of the surgical therapy. LVA requires supermicrosurgical skills and unique nontraumatic techniques as the lymphatic vessel diameter of varies with the progression of lymphedema from 0.3 to 0.8 mm. However, even though several supermicrosurgical vessel anastomosis training models have been reported, only few focus on LVA including both various sizes of lymphatic vessels and lymphatic dissection. We report the establishment of a novel in‐vivo LVA training model using the rat efferent lymphatic plexus of the mesenteric lymph node.Materials and MethodsLymphatic vessels in the efferent lymphatic plexus of the mesenteric lymph node and mesenteric veins of 10 male Wistar rats, 572–850 g, were used for LVA in an intima‐to‐intima coaptation manner using 12‐0 nylon suture with 4–6 stitches in an end‐to‐end fashion. Postoperative patency was evaluated with indigo carmine blue after completion of anastomosis. Diameters of lymphatic vessels in the plexus and recipient veins were measured.ResultsThe diameters of lymphatic vessels in efferent lymphatic plexus of the mesenteric lymph nodes and mesenteric veins used as recipients were measured in all 10 male rats. The mean number of lymphatic vessels included in efferent lymphatic plexus of the mesenteric lymph nodes was 7.5 (range, 5–11) and the mean diameter of the lymphatic vessels was 0.34 mm (range, 0.1–1.2 mm). The mean diameter of lymphatic vessels used for LVA was 0.46 mm (range, 0.25–0.7 mm). The mean diameter of the recipient veins was 0.49 mm (range, 0.35–0.7 mm). The postoperative patency rate after LVA was 100% (10/10).ConclusionWe reported the establishment of LVA model involving the use of the efferent lymphatic plexus of the mesenteric lymph node and mesenteric veins in rats.
Foodomics Reveals Anti‐Obesity Properties of Cannabinoids from Hemp Oil
Authors: Ding Ziwen , Jiang Fan , Shi Jiachen , Wang Yanan , He Mengxue , Tan Chin Ping , Liu Yuanfa , Xu Yong‐Jiang 
Published: November 2022

ScopeMolecular networking (MN) analysis intends to provide chemical insight of untargeted mass spectrometry (MS) data to the user's underlying biological questions. Foodomics is the study of chemical compounds in food using advanced omics methods. In this study, an MS‐MN‐based foodomics approach is developed to investigate the composition and anti‐obesity activity of cannabinoids in hemp oil.Methods and resultsA total of 16 cannabinoids are determined in optimized microwave pretreatment of hemp oil using the developed approach. Untargeted metabolomics analysis reveals that cannabinoid extract (CE) and its major constituent (cannabidiol, CBD), can alleviate high glucose‐induced increases in lipids and carbohydrates, and decreases in amino acid and nucleic acid. Moreover, CE and CBD are also found to suppress the expression levels of mdt‐15, sbp‐1, fat‐5, fat‐6, fat‐7, daf‐2, and elevate the expression level of daf‐1, daf‐7, daf‐16, sod‐3, gst‐4, lipl‐4, resulting in the decrease of lipid synthesis and the enhance of kinetism. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) uncovers strong associations between specific metabolic alterations and gene expression levels.ConclusionThese findings from this exploratory study offer a new insight into the roles of cannabinoids in the treatment of obesity and related complications.
Butyrate Attenuates Hepatic Steatosis Induced by a High‐Fat and Fiber‐Deficient Diet via the Hepatic GPR41/43‐CaMKII/HDAC1‐CREB Pathway
Authors: Zheng Mingxuan , Yang Xiaoying , Wu Qingyuan , Gong Yuying , Pang Ning , Ge Xing , Nagaratnam Nathan , Jiang Pengfei , Zhou Menglu , Hu Tao , Hua Hui , Zheng Kuiyang , Huang Xu‐Feng , Yu Yinghua 
Published: November 2022

ScopeHepatic steatosis is a major health issue that can be attenuated by a healthy diet. This study investigates the effects and molecular mechanisms of butyrate, a dietary fiber metabolite of gut microbiota, on lipid metabolism in hepatocytes.Methods and resultsThis study examines the effects of butyrate (0–8 mM) on lipid metabolism in primary hepatocytes. The results show that butyrate (2 mM) consistently inhibits lipogenic genes and activates lipid oxidation‐related gene expression in hepatocytes. Furthermore, butyrate modulates lipid metabolism genes, reduces fat droplet accumulation, and activates the calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)/histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1)‐cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway in the primary hepatocytes and liver of wild‐type (WT) mice, but not in G‐protein‐coupled receptor 41 (GPR41) knockout and 43 (GPR43) knockout mice. This suggests that butyrate regulated hepatic lipid metabolism requires GPR41 and GPR43. Finally, the study finds that dietary butyrate supplementation (5%) ameliorates hepatic steatosis and abnormal lipid metabolism in the liver of mice fed a high‐fat and fiber‐deficient diet for 15 weeks.ConclusionThis work reveals that butyrate improves hepatic lipid metabolism through the GPR41/43‐CaMKII/HDAC1‐CREB pathway, providing support for consideration of butyrate as a dietary supplement to prevent the progression of NAFLD induced by the Western‐style diet.
High‐speed, high‐resolution methodology for portable universal radar target‐echo simulator
Authors: Daggula Rajender , Vasudeva Bevara , Kamal Manisha , Acharyya Amit 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, digital parallelization and fractional delay‐based novel methods are proposed for the realization of high bandwidth, high‐resolution Ku‐band radar target simulator with 2.5 GHz intermediate frequency. High bandwidth waveform from radar is sampled by high‐speed Analog to Digital Converter, and samples are parallelized in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to work at the nominal clock frequency. In Digital RF Memory‐based target simulator, for finer range resolution, the FPGA clock frequency needs to be increased, which leads to increased system design complexity. The finer range resolution is accomplished without altering the system clock frequency using variable fractional delay filters and the digital parallelization methodology is proposed in this paper. The maximum target range that can be simulated is 20 km. As a result, memory requirements, computational complexity, and power dissipation are reduced. Finally, simulation and implementation results are presented.
The evolution of wound dressings: From traditional to smart dressings
Authors: Rezvani Ghomi Erfan , Niazi Mina , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWound healing has always been a great challenge throughout human history. Today, with a substantial rise in chronic diseases and surgical operations, there is more demand for wound dressings to facilitate the healing process. Modern dressings come in different forms and offer significant advantages over the traditionally used passive bandages by inhibiting microbial activity and providing a suitable moist environment for the wound. Despite their widespread clinical usage and successful results in wound treatment, even modern dressings cannot promote wound healing as expected since they are not responsive to the wound conditions. On the other hand, smart dressings can interact with the environment through their built‐in sensors and respond to wound needs. They can monitor the changes in wound healing stages and provide insightful information that could affect the treatment direction. The current manuscript reviews the evolution of wound dressings from ancient, traditional to modern dressings and presents the advanced class of smart dressings as the future trend in the field.
Late manifestation of borderline personality disorder: Characterization of an under‐recognized phenomenon
Authors: Jo Rachel , Broadbear Jillian H. , Hope Judith , Rao Sathya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough uncommon, borderline personality disorder (BPD) may manifest for the first time later in life. A retrospective clinical file audit was used to identify the clinical manifestation of BPD for the first time at or above the age of 30, and to examine whether particular clinical and psychosocial factors may be associated with a later‐in‐life manifestation of BPD. Twenty‐three cases of late manifestation BPD were identified. People with late manifestation of BPD had similar risk factors and vulnerabilities, including childhood trauma, to the broader BPD population. They were distinguished by having higher levels of education, employment, and long‐term intimate relationships. Interpersonal problems, loss of employment and reminders of past sexual trauma were key precipitating factors. The findings underscore the legitimacy of a late‐manifestation diagnosis of BPD by demonstrating that BPD does not present exclusively during adolescence and early adulthood. BPD may present for the first time in later life in response to loss of protective factors or triggering of past trauma. This understanding may reduce misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis, prescription of inappropriate treatments or delays in receiving BPD‐appropriate treatments.
The utility of proteases in proteomics, from sequence profiling to structure and function analysis
Authors: Sun Binwen , Liu Zheyi , Liu Jin , Zhao Shan , Wang Liming , Wang Fangjun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn mass spectrometry (MS)‐based bottom‐up proteomics, protease digestion plays an essential role in profiling both proteome sequences and post‐translational modifications (PTMs). Trypsin is the gold standard in digesting intact proteins into small‐size peptides, which are more suitable for high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation and tandem MS (MS/MS) characterization. However, protein sequences lacking Lys and Arg cannot be cleaved by trypsin and may be missed in conventional proteomic analysis. Proteases with cleavage sites complementary to trypsin are widely applied in proteomic analysis to greatly improve the coverage of proteome sequences and PTM sites. In this review, we survey the common and newly emerging proteases used in proteomics analysis mainly in the last 5 years, focusing on their unique cleavage features and specific proteomics applications such as missing protein characterization, new PTM discovery, and de novo sequencing. In addition, we summarize the applications of proteases in structural proteomics and protein function analysis in recent years. Finally, we discuss the future development directions of new proteases and applications in proteomics.
A new social contract for technology
Authors: Srinivasan Ramesh , Ghosh Dipayan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe tides of public sentiment in the United States have turned squarely against Silicon Valley's leading internet firms. Long‐running Congressional inquiries; employee‐led backlashes and news leaks; expert analyses that have uncovered deep‐rooted social concerns; and aggressive journalistic inquiry—these and other actions have pushed the executives of America's most successful technology firms under the public microscope. Around the world, there is clear nonpartisan concern about the unaccountable ways that technology companies have invaded personal privacy, threatened the viability of traditional forms of work and the economic welfare they provide to workers, and challenged the backbone of democracy and free press. There seems to be increasing consensus that the commercial internet has become a privately controlled public sphere in which citizens are exposed to a multitude of perspectives all on the same “playing field.” This paper's contribution is to argue for the need of a “social contract” for technology—a set of principles that technology corporations and states must adhere to so as to ensure that we overcome the zero‐sum path we are headed to today.
Differentiating between the sequence of structural events on alternative pathways of folding of a heterodimeric protein
Authors: Bhattacharjee Rupam , Udgaonkar Jayant B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDistinguishing between competing pathways of folding of a protein, on the basis of how they differ in their progress of structure acquisition, remains an important challenge in protein folding studies. A previous study had shown that the heterodimeric protein, double chain monellin (dcMN) switches between alternative folding pathways upon a change in guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) concentration. In the current study, the folding of dcMN has been characterized by the pulsed hydrogen exchange (HX) labeling methodology used in conjunction with mass spectrometry. Quantification of the extent to which folding intermediates accumulate and then disappear with time of folding at both low and high GdnHCl concentrations, where the folding pathways are known to be different, shows that the folding mechanism is describable by a triangular three‐state mechanism. Structural characterization of the productive folding intermediates populated on the alternative pathways has enabled the pathways to be differentiated on the basis of the progress of structure acquisition that occurs on them. The intermediates on the two pathways differ in the extent to which the α‐helix and the rest of the β‐sheet have acquired structure that is protective against HX. The major difference is, however, that β2 has not acquired any protective structure in the intermediate formed on one pathway, but it has acquired significant protective structure in the intermediate formed on the alternative pathway. Hence, the sequence of structural events is different on the two alternative pathways.
Ter‐Seq: A high‐throughput method to stabilize transient ternary complexes and measure associated kinetics
Authors: Chattopadhyay Gopinath , Ahmed Shahbaz , Srilatha Nonavinakere Seetharam , Asok Aparna , Varadarajan Raghavan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRegulation of biological processes by proteins often involves the formation of transient, multimeric complexes whose characterization is mechanistically important but challenging. The bacterial toxin CcdB binds and poisons DNA Gyrase. The corresponding antitoxin CcdA extracts CcdB from its complex with Gyrase through the formation of a transient ternary complex, thus rejuvenating Gyrase. We describe a high throughput methodology called Ter‐Seq to stabilize probable ternary complexes and measure associated kinetics using the CcdA‐CcdB‐GyrA14 ternary complex as a model system. The method involves screening a yeast surface display (YSD) saturation mutagenesis library of one partner (CcdB) for mutants that show enhanced ternary complex formation. We also isolated CcdB mutants that were either resistant or sensitive to rejuvenation, and used surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with purified proteins to validate the kinetics measured using the surface display. Positions, where CcdB mutations lead to slower rejuvenation rates, are largely involved in CcdA‐binding, though there were several notable exceptions suggesting allostery. Mutations at these positions reduce the affinity towards CcdA, thereby slowing down the rejuvenation process. Mutations at GyrA14‐interacting positions significantly enhanced rejuvenation rates, either due to reduced affinity or complete loss of CcdB binding to GyrA14. We examined the effect of different parameters (CcdA affinity, GyrA14 affinity, surface accessibilities, evolutionary conservation) on the rate of rejuvenation. Finally, we further validated the Ter‐Seq results by monitoring the kinetics of ternary complex formation for individual CcdB mutants in solution by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) studies.
Synthesis of Apigenin and Quercetin‐Like Compounds, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Investigation of Their Bioactivity on A549 Cell Lines
Authors: Yıldırır Yılmaz , Özel Selinay , Doyduk Doğukan , Kartal Yasemin , Sabuncuoğlu Suna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractApigenin and quercetin compounds, which are polyphenolic compounds, are used in the treatment of many diseases, including cancer treatment. Many researchers have investigated the bioactivity of apigenin and quercetin derivatives by attaching a fluorine atom or atoms due to the bioactivity of the fluorine atom. In this study, 16 new compounds were synthesized by attaching one or more trifluoromethyl groups to apigenin and quercetin‐like compounds; the structures of these compounds were verified by spectroscopic methods, and the cytotoxic activities of compound (5–8 and 13–16) were evaluated by MTT assay. Compound 5 (IC50=150.95 μM) was found to be the most effective of these compounds.
Exploring the feasibility of using the soil temperature to identify preferential and lateral subsurface flows
Authors: Ehrhardt Annelie , Gerke Horst H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSoil temperature can be influenced by rapidly infiltrating water. Deviations from a uniform soil heat distribution could result from vertical preferential flow (VPF) and lateral subsurface flow (LSF) events. The objective was to identify the effect of infiltration on the soil temperature time series in a lysimeter with forced vertical movement and that in a sloping field to distinguish between VPF and LSF. Wavelet coherence analysis (WCA) was used to analyze soil temperature time series measured in a Colluvic Regosol close to the surface (15‐cm depth) and below (80‐cm depth) in a horizon with possible LSF occurrence. The soil temperatures in these depths were correlated at a daily scale reflecting diurnal fluctuations of air temperatures. A correlation at a monthly scale was similar to the periodicity in the wavelet spectrum of the precipitation from May through October 2015. In this period, soil temperatures at 80‐cm depth changed faster in the lysimeter than in the field, indicating a dominating infiltration‐induced vertical heat movement in the lysimeter. When assuming a temperature‐dampening effect in the sloping field soil by laterally moving temperature‐equilibrated soil water, observed deviations in soil temperature profiles between lysimeter and field could be indicative for LSF in the field. However, LSF occurrence could only be verified by soil water content measurements for single rainfall events in October and May. The analysis was useful to identify qualitatively relevant events in a time series. For quantitative analysis, soil moisture data need to be considered.
Validation of forensic tools and methods: A primer for the digital forensics examiner
Authors: Brunty Josh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractReal‐world laboratory use, controlled internal tests utilizing scientific principles, and peer review should be leveraged in a proper validation test plan of digital and multimedia forensic tools and methods. As the field of digital and multimedia forensics continues to grow and evolve as a science, the importance of proper scientific validation of tools and methods, in addition to the fundamental understanding of its purpose and required elements, will be more critical than ever. As such, this primer article discusses the basic scientific foundations of forensic tool and method validations, in addition to the legal baselines for validations and how they are interpreted in the court of law. Lastly, the recommended steps of a forensically‐sound validation methodology are discussed.This article is categorized under:
Digital and Multimedia Science > Mobile Forensics
Digital and Multimedia Science > Multimedia Forensics
Digital and Multimedia Science > Cybercrime Investigation
Parametric electro‐mechanical dispersive behaviors of guided waves in the functionally graded piezoelectric annular plate
Authors: Li Chunlei , Xiao Dongliang , Han Sihao , Han Qiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the propagation characteristics of guided waves in functionally graded annular plates considering the electro‐mechanical coupling. In the orthogonal circular curvilinear coordinate system, the elastodynamic wave equation of guided waves is derived for the functional graded piezoelectric annular plate. The Chebyshev spectral elements are utilized to model the annular plate, and the governing wave equation is discretized. The convergence and accuracy of the proposed method are evaluated by comparing with the results in previous publications. The parametric study on dispersive characteristics of the functionally graded piezoelectric annular plate is conducted systematically for the influences of various volume fraction index, curvature, and geometry size. Some exciting results are discussed including mode separation, mode conversion, and cutoff frequency. This research can benefit the design and development of advanced smart materials and structures.