bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Public Perceptions, Attitudes, and Concerns About Breast Implants and Their Complications: A National Survey with Implications for Practice
Authors: Lee Erica , Khavanin Nima , Xun Helen , Abousy Mya , Darrach Halley , Kraenzlin Franca , Jenny Hillary , Yang Robin , Sacks Justin M 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Aesthetic and reconstructive implant-based breast surgeries are among the most common plastic surgery procedures. Our study assessed the baseline knowledge of common breast implant-associated complications, and their influence on consideration of breast implants among adult laywomen within the United States.

Methods:
500 women were recruited through Amazon.com’s Mechanical Turk. Respondents self-reported demographics and experience with breast implants. Questions were asked addressing respondents’ understanding of complications and concerns regarding breast implants.

Results:
Of our cohort (average age 37.8±11.7 years), 12.0% had received breast implants, 72.8% knew someone with implants, and nearly 50% would consider receiving implants in the future. 82.2% reported at least one concern influencing their consideration of implants: safety (75.2%), cost (70.0%), unnatural shape (43.3%), and feel (45.2%). Respondents not considering implants were significantly concerned by foreign body implantation (p<0.001). Almost 75% believe implants last longer than 10 years. Following education about risks of capsular contracture and implant rupture, one-third of respondents considering implants and half of those unsure were “Less Likely” to receive implants. The majority were unchanged in their likelihood after learning about infection (74.4%) and implant migration (69.2%). Respondents with a history of implants were significantly less likely to believe there is strong evidence supporting the aforementioned complications (p<0.001).

Discussion:
The rising awareness surrounding breast implant safety has the potential to significantly impact perceptions and receptivity. Our study identifies public perceptions of common breast implant-associated complications and primary long-term concerns – highlighting the importance of education on post-operative complications in informed consent and surgical decision making.
A Pictorial Review of Pelvic Pain—Beyond the Genitourinary System
Authors: Kyrazis Crysta Iv , Rajderkar Dhanashree 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pelvic pain may be caused by disorders of the reproductive, urinary, or gastrointestinal systems. In the pediatric population, pelvic pain is often first evaluated with ultrasonography, with other imaging modalities reserved for further workup or specific indications. Radiologists must be aware of the findings associated with common pelvic emergencies to allow prompt diagnosis and prevention of life-threatening complications. Although the range of pelvic pathology is extensive, this pictorial review presents ultrasound examples of common nontraumatic causes of pelvic pain encountered in the pediatric population, with a brief discussion about multimodality imaging features.
Curation of the Deep Green list of unannotated green lineage proteins to enable structural and functional characterization
Authors: Knoshaug Eric P. , Sun Peipei , Nag Ambarish , Nguyen Huong , Mattoon Erin M. , Zhang Ningning , Liu Jian , Chen Chen , Cheng Jianlin , Zhang Ru , St. John Peter , Umen James 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn explosion of sequenced genomes and predicted proteomes enabled by low cost deep sequencing has revolutionized biology. Unfortunately, protein functional annotation is more complex, and has not kept pace with the sequencing revolution. We identified unannotated proteins in three model organisms representing distinct parts of the green lineage (Viridiplantae); Arabidopsis thaliana (dicot), Setaria viridis (monocot), and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyte alga). Using similarity searching we found the subset of unannotated proteins that were conserved between these species and defined them as Deep Green proteins. Informatic, genomic, and structural predictions were leveraged to begin inferring functional information about Deep Green genes and proteins. The Deep Green set was enriched for proteins with predicted chloroplast targeting signals that are predictive of photosynthetic or plastid functions. Strikingly, structural predictions using AlphaFold and comparisons to known structures show that a significant proportion of Deep Green proteins may possess novel protein tertiary structures. The Deep Green genes and proteins provide a starting resource of high value targets for further investigation of potentially new protein structures and functions that are conserved in the green lineage.
Investigation of neuromodulatory effect of anodal cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation on the primary motor cortex using functional near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Shoaib Zeshan , Chang Won Kee , Lee Jongseung , Lee Stephanie Hyeyoung , Zephaniah Phillips V , Lee Seung Hyun , Paik Nam-Jong , Hwang Han-Jeong , Kim Won-Seok 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundCerebellar brain inhibition (CBI), a neural connection between the cerebellum and primary motor cortex (M1), has been researched as a target pathway for neuromodulation to improve clinical outcomes in various neurological diseases. However, conflicting results of anodal cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (acb-tDCS) on M1 excitability indicate that additional investigation is required to examine its precise effect.Objective/HypothesisThis study aimed to gather evidence of the neuromodulatory effect of acb-tDCS on the M1 using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).MethodsSixteen healthy participants were included in this cross-over study. Participants received real and sham acb-tDCS in a random order, with a minimum one-week washout period between them. The anode and cathode were placed on the right cerebellum and the right buccinator muscle, respectively. Stimulation lasted 20 min at an intensity of 2 mA, and fNIRS data were recorded for 42 min (including a 4 min baseline before stimulation and an 18 min post-stimulation duration) using eight channels attached bilaterally on the M1.Resultsacb-tDCS induced a significant decrease in oxyhemoglobin (HbO) concentration (inhibitory effect) in the left (contralateral) M1, whereas it induced a significant increase in HbO concentration (excitatory effect) in the right (ipsilateral) M1 compared to sham tDCS during (p < 0.05) and after stimulation (p < 0.01) in a group level analysis. At the individual level, variations in the response to acb-tDCS were observed.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate the neuromodulatory effects of acb-tDCS on the bilateral M1 in terms of neuronal hemodynamics.
Spatial summation of pain is associated with pain expectations: Results from a home-based paradigm
Authors: Nastaj Jakub , Skalski Jacek , Budzisz Aleksandra , Szikszay Tibor M. , Swoboda Sylwia , Kowalska Weronika , Nowak Daria , Zbroja Edyta , Kruszyna Natalia , Jakubińska Marta , Grygny Dominika , Polczyk Romuald , Małecki Andrzej , Luedtke Kerstin , Adamczyk Wacław M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to reproduce the previously observed spatial summation of pain effect (SSp) using non-laboratory procedures and commercial equipment. An additional aim was to explore the association between expectations and SSp. The Cold Pressor Task (CPT) was used to induce SSp. Healthy participants (N=68) immersed their non-dominant hands (divided into 5 segments) into cold water (CPT). Two conditions were used 1) gradual hand immersion (ascending condition) and 2) gradual hand withdrawal (descending condition). Pain intensity was measured on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Psychological factors, such as the participants’ expectations of pain intensity were also measured on a VAS. Results showed significant SSp (Χ2(4)= 116.90,p< 0.001), reproduced with non-laboratory equipment in a home-based set-up. Furthermore, two novel findings were observed: i) there was a significant correlation between expectations and perceived pain, indicating a link between pain expectations and SSp, ii) spatial summation increased with the increase in duration exposure to the noxious stimulus (WaldΧ2(8)= 80.80,p< 0.001). This study suggests that SSp is associated with pain expectations and can be formed by a mixture of excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms potentially driven by temporal characteristics of neural excitation. Moreover, this study proposes a new feasible way to induce SSp using a home-based set-up.
Cell type deconvolution of methylated cell-free DNA at the resolution of individual reads
Authors: Keukeleire Pia , Makrodimitris Stavros , Reinders Marcel 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTCell-free DNA (cfDNA) are DNA fragments originating from dying cells that are detectable in bodily fluids, such as the plasma. Accelerated cell death, for example caused by disease, induces an elevated concentration of cfDNA. As a result, determining the cell type origins of cfDNA molecules can provide information about an individual’s health. In this work, we aim to increase the sensitivity of methylation-based cell type deconvolution by adapting an existing method, CelFiE, which uses the methylation beta values of individual CpG sites to estimate cell type proportions. Our new method, CelFEER, instead differentiates cell types by the average methylation values within individual reads. We additionally improved the originally reported performance of CelFiE by using a new approach for finding marker regions that are differentially methylated between cell types. This approach compares the methylation values over 500 bp regions instead of at single CpG sites and solely takes hypomethylated regions into account. We show that CelFEER estimates cell type proportions with a higher correlation (r2 = 0.94±0.04) than CelFiE (r2 = 0.86± 0.09) on simulated mixtures of cell types. Moreover, we found that it can find a significant difference between the skeletal muscle cfDNA fraction in four ALS patients and four healthy controls.
What causes bird-building collision risk? Seasonal dynamics and weather drivers
Authors: Scott Kara M. , Danko Attilla ,   Paloma Plant, Dakin Roslyn 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBird-building collisions are a major source of wild bird mortality, with hundreds of millions of fatalities each year in the United States and Canada alone. Here, we use two decades of daily citizen-science monitoring to characterize day-to-day variation in building collisions and determine the factors that predict the highest risk times in two North American cities. We use these analyses to evaluate three potential causes of increased collision risk: heightened migration traffic during benign weather, increased navigational and flight errors during inclement weather, and increased errors in response to highly directional sunlight that enhances reflected images. The seasonal phenology of collisions was consistent across sites and years, with daily collision rates approximately two-fold higher in autumn as compared to spring. During both migration seasons, collision risk was best predicted by the weather conditions at dawn. In spring, peak collision risk occurs on days with warm temperatures, south winds, and a lack of precipitation at dawn. In autumn, peak collision occurs on days with cool temperatures, north winds, high atmospheric pressure, a lack of precipitation, and clear conditions with high visibility. Based on these results, we hypothesize that collisions are influenced by two main weather-driven mechanisms. First, benign weather at dawn with winds that are favorable for migration flight causes an increase in migration traffic in both spring and autumn, creating greater opportunity for collisions to occur. Second, for autumnal migrants, cold clear conditions may cause an additional increase in collision risk. We propose that these conditions may be particularly hazardous in autumn because of the high abundance of naïve and diurnal migrants at that time of year. Our analysis also establishes that a relatively small proportion of days (15%) are responsible for 50% of the total collision mortality within a season, highlighting the importance of targeting mitigation strategies to the most hazardous times.
Mechanisms of adjustments to different types of uncertainty in the reward environment across mice and monkeys
Authors: Woo Jae Hyung , Aguirre Claudia G. , Bari Bilal A. , Tsutsui Ken-Ichiro , Grabenhorst Fabian , Cohen Jeremiah Y. , Schultz Wolfram , Izquierdo Alicia , Soltani Alireza 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite being unpredictable and uncertain, reward environments often exhibit certain regularities, and animals navigating these environments try to detect and utilize such regularities to adapt their behavior. However, successful learning requires that animals also adjust to uncertainty associated with those regularities. Here, we analyzed choice data from two comparable dynamic foraging tasks in mice and monkeys to investigate mechanisms underlying adjustments to different types of uncertainty. In these tasks, animals selected between two choice options that delivered reward probabilistically, while baseline reward probabilities changed after a variable number (block) of trials without any cues to the animals. To measure adjustments in behavior, we applied multiple metrics based on information theory that quantify consistency in behavior, and fit choice data using reinforcement learning models. We found that in both species, learning and choice were affected by uncertainty about reward outcomes (in terms of determining the better option) and by expectation about when the environment may change. However, these effects were mediated through different mechanisms. First, more uncertainty about the better option resulted in slower learning and forgetting in mice, whereas it had no significant effect in monkeys. Second, expectation of block switches accompanied slower learning, faster forgetting, and increased stochasticity in choice in mice, whereas it only reduced learning rates in monkeys. Overall, while demonstrating the usefulness of entropy-based metrics in studying adaptive behavior, our study provides evidence for multiple types of adjustments in learning and choice behavior according to uncertainty in the reward environment.
Molecular insights into the Darwin paradox of coral reefs from the sea anemone Aiptasia
Authors: Cui Guoxin , Konciute Migle K. , Ling Lorraine , Esau Luke , Raina Jean-Baptiste , Han Baoda , Salazar Octavio R. , Presnell Jason S. , Rädecker Nils , Zhong Huawen , Menzies Jessica , Cleves Phillip A. , Liew Yi Jin , Krediet Cory J. , Sawiccy Val , Cziesielski Maha J. , Guagliardo Paul , Bougoure Jeremy , Pernice Mathieu , Hirt Heribert , Voolstra Christian R. , Weis Virginia M. , Pringle John R. , Aranda Manuel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSymbiotic cnidarians such as corals and anemones form highly productive and biodiverse coral-reef ecosystems in nutrient-poor ocean environments, a phenomenon known as Darwin’s Paradox. Resolving this paradox requires elucidating the molecular bases of efficient nutrient distribution and recycling in the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis. Using the sea anemone Aiptasia, we show that during symbiosis, the increased availability of glucose and the presence of the algae jointly induce the coordinated upregulation and re-localization of glucose and ammonium transporters. These molecular responses are critical to support symbiont functioning and organism-wide nitrogen assimilation through GS/GOGAT-mediated amino-acid biosynthesis. Our results reveal crucial aspects of the molecular mechanisms underlying nitrogen conservation and recycling in these organisms that allow them to thrive in the nitrogen-poor ocean environments.One-sentence summaryWhole-organism nitrogen assimilation fueled by glucose from symbiotic algae enables corals to flourish in oligotrophic waters.
Cytomegalovirus infection in newborn mice alters cerebellar development by lengthening G1/S phases of cerebellar granule cell precursors during postnatal cerebellar development
Authors: Sung Cathy Yea Won , Li Mao , Jonjic Stipan , Sanchez Veronica , Britt William J 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection of the developing central nervous system (CNS) in infants infected in utero can lead to a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders. Although the link between HCMV infection and neurodevelopmental deficits is widely recognized, underlying mechanisms leading to altered neurodevelopment remain poorly understood. We have previously described a murine model of congenital HCMV infection in which murine CMV (MCMV) spreads hematogenously and establishes a focal infection in the brain of newborn mice. Infection results in the disruption of cerebellar cortical development characterized by reduced cerebellar size, but paradoxically, an increase in the number of cerebellar granule cell precursors (GCPs) in the external granular layer (EGL) of the cerebellar cortex. This increased number of GCPs in the EGL is associated with abnormal cell cycle progression and decreased GCP migration from EGL and IGL. In the current study, we demonstrated that MCMV infection led to prolonged G1- and S-phases of the GCP cell cycle and increased cell cycle exit. Treatment with TNFα neutralizing antibody partially normalized the cell cycle progression of GCPs. Collectively, our results argue that inflammation can alter GCP proliferation and lead to premature exit from the cell cycle resulting in reduced cerebellar size in MCMV-infected mice. These findings provide insight into mechanisms of altered brain development of fetuses infected with HCMV and possibly, other infectious agents that induce inflammation during neurodevelopment.
A method to assess the mitochondrial respiratory capacity of complexes I and II from frozen tissue using the Oroboros O2k-FluoRespirometer
Authors: Ebanks Brad , Moisoi Nicoleta , Chakrabarti Lisa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHigh-resolution respirometry methods allow for the assessment of oxygen consumption by the electron transfer systems within cells, tissue samples, and isolated mitochondrial preparations. As mitochondrial integrity is compromised by the process of cryopreservation, these methods have been limited to fresh samples. Here we present a simple method to assess the activity of mitochondria respiratory complexes I and II in previously cryopreserved murine skeletal muscle tissue homogenates, as well as previously frozen D. melanogaster, as a function of oxygen consumption.
Impact of long-term storage on mid-infrared spectral patterns of serum and synovial fluid samples of dogs with osteoarthritis
Authors: Malek Sarah , Marini Federico , McClure J T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate impact of long-term storage on mid-infrared (MIR) spectral patterns of serum and synovial fluid (SF) of dogs with knee OA and controls.DesignSerum (52 OA and 49 control) and SF (51 OA and 51 control) samples from dogs that had been in short-term (<3 years) frozen state (−80°C) had their MIR spectra obtained. The remaining aliquots were maintained in long-term (>5 years) frozen state before having MIR spectra acquired under the same testing conditions. Multi-level simultaneous component analysis was used to evaluate the effect of time. Partial least squares discriminant analysis was used to compare performance of predictive models built for discriminating OA from control spectra from each time point.ResultsMedian interval of storage between sample measurements was 5.7 years. Spectra obtained at two time points were significantly different (P <0.0001), however, contribution of sample aging accounted for only 1.61% and 2.98% of serum and SF profiles’ variability, respectively. Predictive models for discriminating serum of OA from controls for short-term storage showed 87.3±3.7% sensitivity, 88.9±2.4% specificity and 88.1±2.3% accuracy, while, for long-term storage, values of the same figures of merit were 92.5±2.6%, 97.1±1.7% and 94.8±1.4%, respectively. Predictive models based on short-term stored SF spectra had 97.3±1.6% sensitivity, 89.4±2.6% specificity and 93.4±1.6% accuracy, while the values for long-term storage 95.7±2.1%, 95.7±0.8% and 95.8±1.1%, respectively.ConclusionsLong-term storage of serum and SF results in significant differences in spectral variables, however, these changes do not significantly alter the performance of predictive algorithms for discriminating OA samples from controls.
Human adenovirus infection induces the overexpression of CLOCK protein in human lymphoblast cells
Authors: Ding Hui , Chen Chin-Fu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCircadian rhythms are biological processes that regulate metabolism, the immune system, hormones, behaviors, and other various biological processes in organisms. The molecular underpinning of circadian rhythms is a group of genes which regulate each other in transcription-translation feedback loops as an internal molecular clock in cells. Many factors can affect the circadian clock. Viruses, such as hepatitis virus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus were reported to interplay with circadian rhythms in the host or cell level. Up to date, the relationship between viruses and circadian rhythms and its significance in biology, pharmacology and clinic are not entirely understood. We here report that human adenovirus infection could regulate circadian rhythms in cells. We found that human adenovirus infection induced protein overexpression of a core circadian gene CLOCK in human lymphoblast cells. The conditioned medium collected from the infected lymphoblast cell culture was able to infect other lymphoblast cell lines and induced CLOCK overexpression in them. In contrast to the previous studies that showed viral infections dampened the circadian oscillation, we found that the human adenovirus infection increased the amplitude of the circadian oscillation in U2OS cells. To our knowledge, this is the first time that adenovirus infection was found to regulate circadian rhythms in cells.
Structure and assembly of an extremely long bacteriophage tail tube
Authors: Agnello Emily , Pajak Joshua , Liu Xingchen , Kelch Brian A 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYTail tube assembly is an essential step in the assembly of long-tailed bacteriophages. Limited structural and biophysical information has impeded an understanding of assembly and stability of their long, flexible tail tubes. The hyperthermophilic phage P74-26 is particularly intriguing as it has the longest tail of any known virus (nearly 1 μm) and is the most stable known phage. Here, we present the structure of the P74-26 tail tube and introduce an in vitro system for studying the kinetics of tube assembly. Our high resolution cryo-EM structure provides insight into how the P74-26 phage achieves its flexibility and thermostability through assembly of flexible loops into neighboring rings through tight “ball-and-socket”-like interactions. Guided by this structure, and in combination with mutational, light scattering, and molecular dynamics simulations data, we propose a model for the assembly of conserved tube-like structures across phage and other entities possessing Tail Tube-like proteins. Our model proposes that formation of a full ring licenses the adoption of a tube elongation-competent conformation among the flexible loops and their corresponding sockets, which is further stabilized by an adjacent ring. Tail assembly is controlled by the cooperative interaction of dynamic intra- and inter-ring contacts. Given the structural conservation among tail tube proteins and tail-like structures, our model can explain the mechanism of high-fidelity assembly of long, stable tubes.