bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pyogenic spinal infections in patients with chronic liver disease: illustrative case and systematic review
Authors: Camino-Willhuber Gaston , Beyer Ryan S. , Hatter Matthew J. , Franklin Austin J. , Brown Nolan J. , Hashmi Sohaib , Oh Michael , Bhatia Nitin , Lee Yu-po 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND
Pyogenic spinal infections (PSIs) are a group of uncommon but serious infectious diseases that are characterized by inflammation of the endplate–disc unit. PSIs are considered more prevalent and aggressive among patients with chronic immunocompromised states. Association between PSIs and liver disease has not been systematically analyzed. The authors performed a systematic review to study baseline characteristics, clinical presentation, and mortality of patients with PSI in the setting of chronic liver disease.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors presented the case of a 72-year-old female patient with chronic liver disease who presented with severe low back pain and bilateral lower weakness. Imaging studies showed T10–11 spondylodiscitis. The patient received decompression and fusion surgery with partial neurological improvement. The authors performed a systematic literature search of spondylodiscitis and liver disease, and eight published articles met the studies inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies featured a total of 144 patients, of whom 129 met inclusion criteria (mean age, 60.5 years, range 40 to 83 years; 62% males). Lumbar infection was the most common report (67%), with Staphylococcus aureus (48%) as the main causative microorganism. Neurological compromise was present in 69% of patients. Surgical intervention occurred in 70.5% of patients, and the average duration of antibiotic treatment was 69.4 days. Postoperative complication rate was 28.5%, with a 30- and 90-day mortality of 17.2% and 24.8%, respectively.

LESSONS
Pyogenic spondylodiscitis in patients with liver disease was associated with a high rate of neurological compromise, postoperative complications, and mortality.
Large aortic pseudoaneurysm after fusion surgery for hyperextension-type lumbar fracture in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: illustrative case
Authors: Shoji Hirokazu , Sawakami Kimihiko , Tanaka Yuki , Ishikawa Seiichi , Segawa Hiroyuki , Wakabayashi Takashi 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND
This study aimed to report an aortic pseudoaneurysm, a rare but lethal complication, after a spinal fracture in ankylosing spine.

OBSERVATIONS
An 83-year-old obese woman presented with dementia and was nonambulatory after a fall. She was transported to the hospital, and imaging showed a hyperextension-type L1 fracture with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). After posterior fusion surgery using percutaneous pedicle screws, screw loosening was detected 10 days postoperatively. Fracture dislocation was reduced by changing to transdiscal screws and rodding while in the lateral position. However, the anterior opening persisted. Enhanced computed tomography performed at 6 weeks postoperatively showed a large aortic pseudoaneurysm extending into the vertebral fracture site without screw loosening. Neither endovascular aortic repair nor open surgery was applicable. The patient was transferred to a sanatorium and died of pneumonia 5 months postoperatively without aortic aneurysm rupture.

LESSONS
An aortic pseudoaneurysm can occur in hyperextension-type spinal fractures in DISH, even after fusion surgery, when the edge of the fracture is in contact with the aortic wall. The anterior opening dislocation should be reduced as much as possible.
A Resilience Path for English Teachers during Emergency Online Teaching
Authors: Salas-Serrano Leticia Araceli 
Published: August 2022

Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) take over education in many places of the world during the 2020 health crisis. However, ERT raised new concerns about teachers´ professional development and the personal resources they have used to solve challenges for the benefit of their students. This article attempts to explore how ELT college teachers developed resilience during Emergency Remote Teaching in 2020. This qualitative survey research analyzed the answers to a questionnaire to enhance the participants´ insights and reflections regarding the changes they have been required to make during the pandemic. The participants were two groups of ELT teachers; one was formed by fifteen Mexican college teachers and the second was a group of twelve international college teachers. Their paths during ERT were framed in a common pattern of Realization, Reflection, Reinvention, and Resilience which illustrated how teachers coped with a change of perspective towards education, the interaction with students, and the appropriacy of materials but also with their own emotions and their wellbeing. The article concludes with some insights to raise awareness of the Resilience path that teachers around the world have followed as a way to overcome the challenges imposed by COVID-19.
Analysis of the rectifying separation of H2 O–D2 O mixture into light and heavy water by means of mathematical modeling
Authors: Korotkova T. G. , Kasyanov G. I. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives. To apply an analytical method for the calculation of a distillation column for the production of D2O at a two-column Kuhn installation operating under vacuum: to simulate the Kuhn installation in the Hysys software; and to compare experimental and calculated data.Methods. Analytical method for the calculation of distillation columns “from stage to stage,” from the lower theoretical separation stage (TSS) to the upper stage. This method is based on phase equilibrium at the TSS with known data of input flows and component concentrations in the column bottoms. Hysys was used as modeling software.Results. Comparison of the calculation results with Kuhn’s experimental data testified to the high calculation accuracy of the vapor–liquid phase equilibrium for the H2O–D2O mixture at the TSS. The convergence of the D2O material balance for the entire installation was 0.005%. The identification parameter was the number of the column feed plate. Simulation of the Kuhn installation in the Hysys software showed a qualitative agreement of D2O concentrations in material flows. The UNIQUAC (UNIversal QUAsiChemical) model was used to calculate activity coefficients. The found values of the number of theoretical separation stages (NTSS) in both columns, were 88 and 153 taking into account the reboiler and condenser. This is less than the experimental 295 and 400, respectively. The discrepancy can be explained by the increased phase equilibrium H2O constant in the UNIQUAC model. However, the convergence of the material balance in terms of D2O was high and amounted to 1.38·10−6 %. The absolute error of the found concentrations in material flows did not exceed 0.12 mol %.Conclusions. The results obtained indicated the possible use of the Hysys modeling software when searching for and optimizing the operating mode of the block diagram of a cascade of distillation columns with direct and recycle flows to separate a mixture of water into light and heavy water. The final results obtained with regard to the operating mode, inlet and outlet material flows (flow rate, composition, temperature, and pressure drop across the column) are recommended for use in the analytical program for the calculation of the distillation column to refine the NTSS and distribution profile of the concentrations of the H2O and D2O components along the height of the column.
Heterogeneous catalytic reduction of substituted 5-acyl-1,3-dioxanes
Authors: Musin A. I. , Borisova Yu. G. , Raskil’dina G. Z. , Daminev R. R. , Davletshin A. R. , Zlotskii S. S. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives. To study the hydrogenation of substituted 5-acyl-1,3-dioxanes in the presence of metal-containing catalysts (Pt/Re, Pd/C, Ni/kieselguhr, and Ni/Mo).Methods. In order to determine the qualitative and quantitative composition of the reaction masses, the following analysis methods were used: gas-liquid chromatography (using the Kristall 2000 hardware complex); mass-spectroscopy (using Chromatec-Kristall 5000M device with NIST 2012); nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry (using Bruker AM-500 device with operating frequencies of 500 and 125 MHz).Results. Hydrogenation of substituted 5-acyl-1,3-dioxanes obtained by condensation of carbonyl compounds with paraformaldehyde and sulfuric acid was used to synthesize heterocyclic alcohols in the presence of metal-containing catalysts with a conversion of the initial ketones of 60–90% and a formation selectivity of target products of 70–90%. Substances were analyzed and confirmed by gas-liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy.Conclusions. The best catalyst for the reduction of substituted 5-acyl-1,3-dioxanes is Pd/C. By using this catalyst, it is possible to achieve a high selectivity for the formation of the corresponding heterocyclic alcohols at a conversion rate of the initial ketones of 60–90%.
Spline approximation of multivalued functions in linear structures routing
Authors: Karpov D. A. , Struchenkov V. I. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives. The theory and methods of spline approximation of plane curves given by a sequence of points are currently undergoing rapid development. Despite fundamental differences between used splines and those considered in the theory and its applications, results published earlier demonstrate the possibility of using spline approximation when designing routes of linear structures. The main difference here consists in the impossibility of assuming in advance the number of spline elements when designing the routes. Here, in contrast to widely use polynomial splines, the repeating element is the link “segment of a straight line + arc of a circle” or “segment of a straight line + arc of a clothoid + arc of a circle + arc of a clothoid.” Previously, a two-stage scheme consisting of a determination of the number of elements of the desired spline and subsequent optimization of its parameters was proposed. Although an algorithm for solving the problem in relation to the design of a longitudinal profile has been implemented and published, this is not suitable for designing a route plan, since, unlike a profile, a route plan is generally a multivalued function. The present paper aims to generalize the algorithm for the case of spline approximation of multivalued functions making allowance for the design features of the routes of linear structures.Methods. At the first stage, a novel mathematical model is developed to apply the dynamic programming method taking into account the constraints on the desired spline parameters. At the second stage, nonlinear programming is used. In this case, it is possible to analytically calculate the derivatives of the objective function with respect to the spline parameters in the absence of its analytical expression through these parameters.Results. An algorithm developed for approximating multivalued functions given by a discrete series of points using a spline consisting of arcs of circles conjugated by line segments for solving the first stage of the problem is presented. An additional nonlinear programming algorithm was also used to optimize the parameters of the resulting spline as an initial approximation. However, in the present paper, the first stage is considered only, since the complex algorithm of the second stage and its justification require separate consideration.Conclusions. The presented two-stage spline approximation scheme with an unknown number of spline elements is also suitable for approximating multivalued functions given by a sequence of points on a plane, in particular, for designing a route plan for linear structures.
Properties of objective functions and search algorithms in multi-objective optimization problems
Authors: Smirnov A. V. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives. A frequently used method for obtaining Pareto-optimal solutions is to minimize a selected quality index under restrictions of the other quality indices, whose values are thus preset. For a scalar objective function, the global minimum is sought that contains the restricted indices as penalty terms. However, the landscape of such a function has steep-ascent areas, which significantly complicate the search for the global minimum. This work compared the results of various heuristic algorithms in solving problems of this type. In addition, the possibility of solving such problems using the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method, in which the restrictions are not imposed as the penalty terms, but included into the Lagrange function, was investigated.Methods. The experiments were conducted using two analytically defined objective functions and two objective functions that are encountered in problems of multi-objective optimization of characteristics of analog filters. The corresponding algorithms were realized in the MATLAB environment.Results. The only heuristic algorithm shown to obtain the optimal solutions for all the functions is the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm was applicable to one of the analytically defined objective functions and one of the filter optimization objective functions, as well as appearing to be significantly superior to heuristic algorithms in speed and accuracy of solutions search. However, for the other two functions, this method was found to be incapable of finding correct solutions.Conclusions. A topical problem is the estimation of the applicability of the considered methods to obtaining Pareto-optimal solutions based on preliminary analysis of properties of functions that determine the quality indices.
Applying a reproducible research approach to distance education
Authors: Eremeev M. A. , Trubienko O. V. , Zakharchuk I. I. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives. Emerging as a response to the global threats presented by the COVID-19 pandemic, the changing nature of problem-solving in the field of information technology associated with economic globalization, including possibilities of remote working, imposes new requirements on the competencies and skills of future professionals. This, in turn, requires adjustments to the higher education process. Agile project management methodologies such as Scrum, along with Infrastructure-as-Code approaches in information and telecommunication infrastructure management, and Documentation-as-Code approaches in documentation development, aim to present design, development, testing, and documentation as short cycle iterative processes to permit the rapid and transparent addition of new product value in discrete portions. Applied to the education sphere, this approach implies new knowledge and practical skills of students that can be easily and transparently measured in the process of mastering a discipline. The present paper aims to develop methods of applying modern software development techniques to training students of technical specialties.Methods. The use of reproducible research methods and agile design practices while organizing and managing practical tasks for students is proposed.Results. Contemporary tools used in software development based on Git hosting services (GitLab and GitHub) are presented alongside reproducible research paradigms in distance education using the R Markdown format by RStudio.Conclusions. In addition to increasing the involvement of students in the process of practical tasks, the proposed approach can be used to reduce the workload of teachers when checking and evaluating student working results.
Analisis Bauran Pemasaran Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Usahatani Karmel Bawang Merah Didesa Pailelang
Authors: Latuan Emirensiana , Molebila Didiana Yuarita , Tena Yulius Nixon 
Published: August 2022

The research was carried out in Pailelang Village, Southwest Alor District to find out the product, price, location and promotion as well as the income of shallot farmers in Pailelang Village, Southwest Alor District. The data used in the form of primary data sourced from farmers. The analytical tool used is descriptive analysis with average calculations, while to find out income, t-test analysis is used. The results of the analysis show that the product and price variables simultaneously have a significant and positive relationship to the income of shallots in Pailelang village. Partial analysis, promotion and location variables have no significant positive effect on the income of shallot farmers in Pailelang village.
Audit Manajemen Atas Fungsi Produksi Meningkatkan Kualitas Mutu Produk Furnitur Kayu Di PT. Segatama Lestari Kediri
Authors: Khusaeri Imam , Agustin Beby Hilda 
Published: August 2022

Abstrak

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui penerapan audit manajemen fungsi produksi dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas dan mutu suatu produk furnitur kayu yang dihasilkan oleh PT. Segatama Lestari Kediri. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan dan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Peneliti memperoleh data penelitian dengan melakukan survey, wawancara, kajian literatur dan dokumentasi. Hasil audit manajemen menunjukkan bahwa fungsi produksi perusahaan mulai dari rencana induk produksi, pengendalian produktivitas dan nilai tambah, pengendalian bahan baku, pengendalian peralatan dan fasilitas produksi, pengendalian transformasi, pengendalian kualitas, serta pengendalian barang jadi telah berjalan dengan efektif dan efisien, meskipun masih terdapat beberapa hal yang masih perlu perbaikan untuk dapat meningkatkan kualitas dan mutu dari produksi yang dihasilkan.

Kata kunci : Audit Manajemen, Fungsi Produksi.

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the application of production function management audits in an effort to improve the quality and quality of a wooden furniture product produced by PT. Segatama Lestari Kediri. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive. Researchers obtain research data by conducting surveys, interviews, literature review and documentation. The results of the management audit show that the company's production functions starting from the master production plan, controlling productivity and added value, controlling raw materials, controlling production equipment and facilities, controlling transformation, controlling quality, and controlling finished goods have been running effectively and efficiently, although there are still several things that still need improvement to be able to improve the quality and quality of the resulting production

Kata kunci : Management Audit, Production Function
Recensioni
Authors: Maria Monastra Rosa , Longhitano Adolfo , Scialfa Angela 
Published: August 2022

Rosalba Galvagno (a cura di), Vincenzo Consolo, Leonardo Sciascia, Essere o no scrittore. Lettere 1963-1988, Archinto, Milano 2019Luigi Sanfilippo, Fede e scienza nella Sicilia dell'Ottocento. Il benedettino Giacomo Maggiore (1812-1884), Edizioni Efesto, Roma 2020Rosalba Galvagno, Mitografie di Carlo Levi, Sinestesie, Avellino 2021Rosalia Francesca Margiotta, Beni mobili. Patrimonio artistico e committenti in Sicilia dalle fonti d'archivio tra XVI e XIX secolo, Palermo, OADI Digitalia, Palermo University Press, 2020Rosalba Galvagno, La litania del potere e altre illusioni. Leggere Federico De Roberto, Marsilio, Venezia, 2017
Salivary Microbiome Profile of Diabetes and Periodontitis in a Chinese Population
Authors: Lu Chunting , Zhao Qingtong , Deng Jianwen , Chen Kexiao , Jiang Xinrong , Ma Fengyu , Ma Shuyuan , Li Zejian 
Published: August 2022

AimThere is a bidirectional association between diabetes and periodontitis. However, the effect of diabetes on the periodontitis salivary microbiota has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the presence of diabetes on the microbiota among Chinese patients with periodontitis.Materials and MethodsUnstimulated whole saliva samples were collected from the periodontitis with diabetes group (TC), chronic periodontitis group (CP), and periodontally healthy and systemically healthy group (H) by spitting method. Bacterial genomic DNA was PCR-amplified at the V4 variable region of 16S rRNA gene. The library was constructed according to the obtained sequence results, and biological analysis and statistical analysis were carried out. Functional prediction of three groups of microbial communities was performed by the PICRUSt algorithm.ResultsThere was no significant difference in bacterial diversity between the TC and CP groups. Compared with the H group, the TC group and CP group presented a higher diversity of salivary flora. Firmicutes, Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Veillonella, and Haemophilus parainfluenzae dominated the H group. Corynebacterium, Leptotrichia, Dialister, Comamonas, Capnocytophaga, Catonella, Filifactor, Campylobacter, Treponema, Campylobacter concisus, Prevotella oralis, and Porphyromonas gingivalis were significantly enriched in the TC and CP groups. Among them, Treponema and P. oralis were the most abundant in the TC group. The PICRUSt results showed that many pathways related to cell motility and functional metabolism of the salivary microbial flora changed in the TC group and the CP group.ConclusionsDiabetes was not the main factor causing the altered diversity of salivary microbiota in patients with periodontitis; however, the presence of diabetes altered the abundance of some microbiota in saliva.
Effect of blood pressure on the mortality of the elderly population with (pre)frailty: Results from NHANES 1999–2004
Authors: Li Menghuan , Su Zhenyang , Su Hu , Zuo Zhi , He Yuan , Yao Wenming , Yang Jiaming , Zhang Kerui , Wang Hui , Kong Xiangqing 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundsThe optimal blood pressure of elderly people with frailty or prefrailty is still unclear. We aimed to explore the relationship between blood pressure and mortality in the elderly with (pre)frailty.MethodsA total of 528 participants aged 60 years and older were exacted for analyses of the association between blood pressure and mortality from the database of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999–2004). Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to investigate the differences in survival between groups. Multivariable Cox regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were applied to explore the relationship between blood pressure and mortality.ResultsDuring the median follow-up time of 116.5 [interquartile range (IQR) of 60–186] months, 363 all-cause deaths and 122 cardiac deaths were documented. For all-cause mortality, more participants died with systolic blood pressure (SBP) &lt; 110 mmHg and SBP ≥ 170 mmHg (log-rank p = 0.004). After adjusting for confounders, SBP &lt; 110 mmHg [hazard ratio (HR) 1.52, 95% CI: 0.96–2.41] and SBP ≥ 170 mmHg (HR 1.53, 95% CI: 1.09–2.15) had higher risks of all-cause mortality compared with SBP within 130–150 mmHg. There were no significant differences in all-cause mortality among DBP categories. A J-curve association was identified between the SBP and hazard ratio for all-cause mortality (p for non-linear = 0.028), with 138.6 mmHg as the lowest hazard ratio of all-cause mortality; each 10 mmHg of SBP rise was associated with a 9% increased risk in all-cause mortality (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.00–1.18). Additionally, a non-linear relationship was determined between SBP and the hazard ratio for cardiac deaths (p for non-linear = 0.030), with 140.1 mmHg as the lowest hazard ratio of cardiac deaths. When SBP was higher than 140.1 mmHg, each 10 mmHg rise in SBP was associated with a 17% increased risk of cardiac deaths (HR 1.17, 95% CI: 1.02–1.34).ConclusionBoth lower and higher SBP levels are associated with higher risks of all-cause mortality in older individuals with (pre)frailty. There are J-shaped associations between SBP and mortality, with the optimal SBP being approximately 140 mmHg for this population specifically.