bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sweet taste receptor agonists attenuate macrophage IL‐1β expression and eosinophilic inflammation linked to autophagy deficiency in myeloid cells
Authors: Lee Jinju , Kim So Jeong , Choi Go Eun , Yi Eunbi , Park Hyo Jin , Choi Woo Seon , Jang Yong Ju , Kim Hun Sik 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundEosinophilic inflammation is a hallmark of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and considered a major therapeutic target. Autophagy deficiency in myeloid cells plays a causal role in eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) via macrophage IL‐1β overproduction, thereby suggesting autophagy regulation as a potential therapeutic modality. Trehalose is a disaccharide sugar with known pro‐autophagy activity and effective in alleviating diverse inflammatory diseases. We sought to investigate the therapeutic potential of autophagy‐enhancing agent, trehalose, or related sugar compounds, and the underlying mechanism focusing on macrophage IL‐1β production in ECRS pathogenesis.MethodsWe investigated the therapeutic effects of trehalose and saccharin on macrophage IL‐1β production and eosinophilia in the mouse model of ECRS with myeloid cell‐specific autophagy‐related gene 7 (Atg7) deletion. The mechanisms underlying their anti‐inflammatory effects were assessed using specific inhibitor, genetic knockdown or knockout, and overexpression of cognate receptors.ResultsUnexpectedly, trehalose significantly attenuated eosinophilia and disease pathogenesis in ECRS mice caused by autophagy deficiency in myeloid cells. This autophagy‐independent effect was associated with reduced macrophage IL‐1β expression. Various sugars recapitulated the anti‐inflammatory effect of trehalose, and saccharin was particularly effective amongst other sugars. The mechanistic study revealed an involvement of sweet taste receptor (STR), especially T1R3, in alleviating macrophage IL‐1β production and eosinophilia in CRS, which was supported by genetic depletion of T1R3 or overexpression of T1R2/T1R3 in macrophages and treatment with the T1R3 antagonist gurmarin.ConclusionOur results revealed a previously unappreciated anti‐inflammatory effect of STR agonists, particularly trehalose and saccharin, and may provide an alternative strategy to autophagy modulation in the ECRS treatment.
Wildfire influences individual growth and breeding dispersal, but not survival and recruitment in a montane amphibian
Authors: Barrile Gabriel M. , Chalfoun Anna D. , Estes‐Zumpf Wendy A. , Walters Annika W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlobal wildfire regimes are changing rapidly, with widespread increases in the size, frequency, duration, and severity of wildfires. Whereas the effects of wildfire on ecological state variables such as occupancy, abundance, and species diversity are relatively well documented, changes in population vital rates (e.g., survival, recruitment) and individual responses (e.g., growth, movement) to wildfire are more limited because of the detailed information needed on the same individuals both pre‐ and post‐fire. We capitalized on the 2018 Roosevelt wildfire, which occurred during our 6‐year (2015–2020) capture–mark–recapture study of boreal toads (Anaxyrus boreas boreas; n = 1415) in the Bridger‐Teton National Forest, USA, to evaluate the responses of population vital rates and individual metrics to wildfire. We employed robust design capture–recapture models to compare the growth, dispersal, survival, and recruitment of adult boreal toads pre‐ and post‐fire at burned versus unburned sites. At burned locations, growth increased 2 years post‐fire compared with the year directly following wildfire and was higher 2 years post‐fire than any other interval during our study period. Boreal toads dispersed to alternative breeding patches more at burned sites than unburned sites and dispersal increased 2 years post‐fire compared with the year directly following wildfire. Annual survival and recruitment neither differed between pre‐ and post‐fire years nor among pre‐fire years, the year following wildfire, and 2 years post‐fire. We demonstrate that, in certain contexts, dispersal can play a major role in changes to state variables (e.g., abundance) after wildfire, as opposed to other vital rates such as survival and recruitment. Our study represents an important step toward understanding the biological processes that underlie observed patterns in state variables following wildfire, which ultimately will be critical for the effective management of species in landscapes experiencing shifts in fire activity.
CO2–Brine–rock interaction and sequestration capacity in carbonate reservoirs of the Tahe Oilfield, Xinjiang, China
Authors: Tan Yongsheng , Li Qi , Xu Liang , Xu Lifeng , Yu Tao , Cao Xiaomin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe characteristics of each carbonate reservoir are greatly different, and current databases are insufficient to support engineering scheme design and optimization of carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration and enhanced oil recovery. In this paper, the behavior of CO2‐brine‐rock interactions was investigated under supercritical CO2(50°C and 8.5 MPa) conditions. Five experiments were carried out, including CO2solubility in brine, mass loss analysis by static reaction of CO2–brine–rock, mineralogical composition analysis by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), core surface morphology analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and wettability alteration by contact angle analysis. The experimental results showed that: (a) the CO2solubility in brine increases with increasing pressure, but it increases slowly and gradually reaches equilibrium; (b) the mass loss of carbonate increases with reaction time, but its increments decrease with reaction time; (c) the calcite content gradually decreases and the quartz content slightly increases with reaction time, as evidenced by XRD analysis; (d) based on SEM image analysis, calcite was dissolved into brine by carbonic acid to make the pores larger, and then subsequent precipitation made the pores smaller; and (e) the carbonate rock surface became more water‐wet after CO2–brine–rock interaction experiments due to surface corrosion and increased quartz content. Using the experimental results, a mathematical model was developed to predict CO2sequestration capacity under reservoir conditions. The results suggest that CO2solubility in brine was the main aspect compared with mineral trapping in carbonate reservoirs, and CO2sequestration capacity increased with increasing temperature and pressure. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B virus infection in those not meeting criteria for antiviral therapy
Authors: Alshuwaykh Omar , Daugherty Tami , Cheung Amanda , Goel Aparna , Dhanasekaran Renumathy , Ghaziani T. Tara , Ahmed Aijaz , Dronamraju Deepti , Kumari Radhika , Kwong Allison , Nguyen Mindie , Kim W. Ray , Kwo Paul Yien 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the leading risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to explore the incidence of HCC in a cohort of subjects with HBV and correlate with HBV treatment current guidance. We identified 2846 subjects with HBV over the study period. HCC was diagnosed in 386 of 2846 (14%) subjects; 209 of 386 (54%) were on nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy at time of HCC diagnosis, and 177 of 386 (46%) were not on NA therapy. Of the 177 subjects not on NAs who developed HCC during follow‐up, 153 of 177 (86%) had cirrhosis. Within the 177 subjects not on NAs, 158 of 177 (89%) had undetectable HBV DNA, 10 of 177 (6%) had detectable HBV DNA < 2000 IU/L, and 9 of 177 (5%) had HBV DNA > 2000 IU/L. Of those with cirrhosis and undetectable HBV DNA, 115 of 141 had compensated cirrhosis, and 26 of 141 had decompensated cirrhosis. Significant predictors of HCC on time to event analysis included cirrhosis (hazard ratio [HR] 10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.8–17.5; p < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase level (HR 1.004, 95% CI 1.002–1.006; p < 0.001), age (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03–1.06; p < 0.001), (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2–3.1; p 0.007), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.8; p 0.02). Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated the cumulative incidence of HCC in subjects with compensated cirrhosis receiving NA therapy was significantly lower compared to subjects with compensated cirrhosis outside current HBV treatment practice guidance (undetectable HBV DNA) (32% vs. 51%; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Those with untreated compensated cirrhosis with undetectable HBV DNA who do not meet current guidance for treatment had higher rates of HCC than those with compensated cirrhosis and suppressed HBV DNA by NA therapy. This study highlights the need for earlier diagnosis and treatment of HBV.
Incentivizing the adoption of precision agricultural technologies in small‐scaled farming systems: A choice experiment approach
Authors: Späti Karin , Huber Robert , Logar Ivana , Finger Robert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPrecision farming technologies are expected to reduce nutrient surplus in agriculture. Uptake of these technologies in European farming systems, however, is low and policy incentives are needed to promote environmental benefits. We conducted a choice experiment with 418 Swiss farmers to elicit their preferences for site‐specific nitrogen fertilization technologies. Using a split‐sample approach, we elicit both willingness‐to‐accept and willingness‐to‐pay welfare measures. Results show that welfare measures for the nitrogen reduction potential vary significantly between the two samples. This indicates that the policy design affects farmers' preferences and willingness to adopt precision farming technologies that reduce nitrogen losses from agricultural production.
Forecasting low‐frequency macroeconomic events with high‐frequency data
Authors: Galvão Ana Beatriz , Owyang Michael 
Published: August 2022

SummaryHigh‐frequency financial and economic indicators are usually time‐aggregated before computing forecasts of macroeconomic events, such as recessions. We propose a mixed‐frequency alternative that delivers high‐frequency probability forecasts (including their confidence bands) for low‐frequency events. The new approach is compared with single‐frequency alternatives using loss functions for rare‐event forecasting. We find (i) the weekly‐sampled term spread improves over the monthly‐sampled to predict NBER recessions, (ii) the predictive content of financial variables is supplementary to economic activity for forecasts of vulnerability events, and (iii) a weekly activity index can date the 2020 business cycle peak in real‐time using a mixed‐frequency filtering.
Predicting antibiotic resistance in complex protein targets using alchemical free energy methods
Authors: Brankin Alice E. , Fowler Philip W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which mostly results from single nucleotide polymorphisms in antibiotic target genes, poses a major threat to tuberculosis treatment outcomes. Relative binding free energy (RBFE) calculations can rapidly predict the effects of mutations, but this approach has not been tested on large, complex proteins. We use RBFE calculations to predict the effects of M. tuberculosis RNA polymerase and DNA gyrase mutations on rifampicin and moxifloxacin susceptibility respectively. These mutations encompass a range of amino acid substitutions with known effects and include large steric perturbations and charged moieties. We find that moderate numbers (n = 3–15) of short RBFE calculations can predict resistance in cases where the mutation results in a large change in the binding free energy. We show that the method lacks discrimination in cases with either a small change in energy or that involve charged amino acids, and we investigate how these calculation errors may be decreased.
The impact of integrating emotion focused components into psychological therapy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Caspar Franz , Berger Thomas , Holtforth Martin grosse , Babl Anna , Heer Sara , Lin Mu , Stähli Annabarbara , Gomez Penedo Juan Martin , Holstein Dominique , Egenolf Yvonne , Frischknecht Eveline , Krieger Tobias , Ramseyer Fabian , Regli Daniel , Schmied Emma , Flückiger Christoph , Brodbeck Jeannette , Greenberg Les , Carver Charles S. , Castonguay Louis , Kramer Ueli , Auszra Lars , Herrmann Imke , Belz Martina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis paper presents a randomized controlled trial on assimilative integration, which is aimed at integrating elements from other orientations within one approach to enrich its conceptual and practical repertoire. Elements from Emotion‐Focused Therapy (EFT) were integrated into a form of cognitive behavior therapy: Psychological Therapy (PT). In one treatment condition, EFT was added to PT (+EFT) with the intent to enhance therapists' working with emotions. In the other condition, concepts and interventions based on the socialpsychological self‐regulation approach were added to PT (+SR). Our assumption was that the +EFT would lead to greater and deeper change, particularly in the follow‐up assessments.MethodPatients (n = 104) with anxiety, depression, or adjustment disorders were randomized to the two conditions and treated by 38 therapists who self‐selected between the conditions. Primary outcome was symptom severity at 12‐month follow‐up; secondary outcomes included several measures such as interpersonal problems and quality of life. Variables were assessed at baseline, after 8 and 16 sessions, at posttreatment, and at 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up.ResultsContrary to our hypothesis, no significant between‐group effects were found.ConclusionThe findings first suggest the difficulty of topping an already very effective approach to psychotherapy. Alternative interpretations were that the EFT training, while corresponding to regular practice in AI, was not sufficient to make a difference in outcome, or that while profiting from the enhancement of abilities for working with emotions, this was outbalanced by negative effects of difficulties related to the implementation of the new elements.
Review of molecular imprinting polymer: basic characteristics and removal of phenolic contaminants based on the functionalized cyclodextrin monomer
Authors: Syed Yaacob Syed Fariq Fathullah , Suwaibatu Mamman , Raja Jamil Raja Zalinda , Mohamed Zain Nur Nadhirah , Raoov Muggundha , Mohd Suah Faiz Bukhari 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCyclodextrins (CDs) are formed of starch molecules that are linked together in a cyclic ring. They are composed of five or more (1, 4) connected D‐glucopyranoside units. CDs have toroidal, hollow truncated cone structures with exterior hydrophilic edges and internal hydrophobic cavities. The numerous hydroxyl groups available in cyclodextrins are active sites capable of forming various sorts of connections. They can be cross‐linked or derived to generate monomers able to form branching or linear networks. Furthermore, they can form inclusion complexes with a variety of guest molecules, including organic and inorganic molecules, thus changing their physicochemical properties, The modification of the imprinting method could produce molecularly imprinted polymers that are stable, dependable, long‐lasting, selective, and cost‐effective. As a result, molecularly imprinted polymers are becoming increasingly popular in chemical separation and analysis. As found in previous studies, the monomers of cyclodextrins used in molecular imprinting have a higher binding impact on target molecules. The purpose of this study is to highlight the application of imprinting technology utilizing cyclodextrins as a valuable functional monomer in the remediation of phenolic compounds by examining and assessing relevant works published in the literature. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Effects of zeolite morphologies on CO conversion to aromatics via a modified Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis pathway
Authors: Zhang Baizhang , Yao Jie , Wang Yang , Gao Weizhe , Kugue Yasuharu , Guo Xiaoyu , He Yingluo , Yang Guohui , Tsubaki Noritatsu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSyngas conversion to olefins via Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis (FTs) route and then subsequently into aromatics (syngas−olefins−aromatics (SOA)) was considered a promising industrialization route due to its ability to match reaction temperatures between syngas to olefins (300–400 °C) and olefins to aromatics (300–500 °C). In this reaction route, the syngas to olefin process can be efficiently and easily realized by Fe‐based FTs catalysts. However, the aromatization process occurring over the zeolite catalyst was still considered a big challenge due to zeolites' complex topology, variable morphology, and elusive acidic properties.RESULTSA series of ZSM‐5 zeolites with different morphologies, including nano ellipsoid, nano cube, nano aggregate, nano bead, and nano pile were successfully synthesized . The effects of the ZSM‐5 zeolite's morphology and reaction temperature on the aromatics synthesis from syngas based on a modified FTs route were systematically studied.CONCLUSIONIn all the studied ZSM‐5 zeolites, the nano cube ZSM‐5 zeolite (Z5‐NC) zeolite had the best aromatization ability. The hybrid catalyst combination of FeMnK&Z5‐NC obtained the highest xylene selectivity of 12% (2.8% + 9.2%), and its total aromatics selectivity was also the highest (42.5%). The study on reaction temperature suggested that a higher reaction temperature (320–360 °C) could efficiently impede the formation of CO2. However, the selectivity of aromatics was restrained to around 44% at higher temperatures because a high temperature facilitated the hydrocracking of higher hydrocarbons, leading to the increase of the selectivity of lighter CH4 and paraffin. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Emotion processing differences mediate the link between sex and autistic traits in young adulthood
Authors: Livingston Lucy A. , Waldren Lucy H. , Walton Esther , Shah Punit 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe male preponderance in autism diagnoses is widely reported, yet the psychological mechanisms (e.g., emotion processing) underlying this sex difference are poorly understood. Contributing to this gap in knowledge, most research has not been designed to investigate the intermediary (i.e., mediating) role of psychological processes in the relationship between sex and autism. Compounding this issue, concerns that autism measures are not reliably measuring the same constructs in males and females, and bias against females in clinical samples, make it difficult to investigate the psychological mechanisms underlying sex differences in autism.MethodsOver two cross‐sectional studies, 1656 young adults from the general population reported their sex (as assigned at birth) and completed questionnaires indexing their emotion processing differences, as well as a measure of autistic traits suggested to tap into the same psychometric construct in males and females.ResultsEmotion processing differences mediated the relationship between sex and autistic traits, whereby being male was associated with more emotion processing differences, which were subsequently linked with greater levels of autistic traits. There remained a direct effect of sex on autistic traits after accounting for emotion processing differences.ConclusionsEmotion processing differences are a potential psychological mechanism underpinning higher prevalence of autism in males, which may serve a compensatory function in females; for example, females may seek out emotion‐inducing experiences to help compensate for social‐emotional difficulties. These findings inform our understanding of autism‐related sex differences and have potential implications for clinical practice, where the need for sex‐specific support and diagnostic processes is increasingly being recognised.
What are the long‐term holistic health consequences of COVID‐19 among survivors? An umbrella systematic review
Authors: Paterson Catherine , Davis Deborah , Roche Michael , Bissett Bernie , Roberts Cara , Turner Murray , Baldock Emma , Mitchell Imogen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany people who have survived COVID‐19 have experienced negative persistent impacts on health. Impacts on health have included persistent respiratory symptoms, decreased quality of life, fatigue, impaired functional capacity, memory deficits, psychological impacts, and difficulties in returning to paid employment. Evidence is yet to be pooled to inform future directions in research and practice, to determine the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual impacts of the illness which extend beyond the acute phase of COVID‐19 survivors. This umbrella review (review of systematic reviews) critically synthesized physical (including abnormal laboratory parameters), psychological, social, and spiritual impacts which extended beyond the acute phase of COVID‐19 survivors. The search strategy was based on the sample, phenomena of interest, design, evaluation, research model and all publications were double screened independently by four review authors for the eligibility criteria. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted in parallel independently. Eighteen systematic reviews were included, which represented a total of 493 publications. Sample sizes ranged from n = 15 to n = 44 799 with a total of n = 295 455 participants. There was incomplete reporting of several significant data points including the description of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variant, COVID‐19 treatments, and key clinical and demographic data. A number of physical, psychological, and social impacts were identified for individuals grappling with post‐COVID condition. The long term sequalae of acute COVID‐19 and size of the problem is only beginning to emerge. Further investigation is needed to ensure that those affected by post‐COVID condition have their informational, spiritual, psychological, social, and physical needs met in the future.
Frequency regulation of hybrid shipboard microgrid system using butterfly optimization algorithm synthesis fractional‐order controller
Authors: Mondal Amitava , Latif Abdul , Das Dulal Chandra , Hussain S. M. Suhail , Al‐Durra Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInclusion of intermittent natured renewable energy resources in microgrid to reduce global warming, especially in shipboard power system and due to highly fluctuating propulsion load, frequency control strategy of isolated shipboard hybrid microgrid (ISHMG) is major point of attraction. Hence, a power system of marine vessel with dish‐stirling solar thermal system (DSTS), wind‐driven generation (WDG), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), super‐conducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), two different AC‐loads, and propulsion loads are considered as an ISHMG. The main objective of this paper is reducing the mismatch between generation and demand with the help of fractional‐order proportional integral‐derivative (FOPID) controller. To improve the frequency control, the tuning of the controller coefficients plays a major role as the controller's performance fully dependent on the parameters. Accordingly, the recently developed butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA) has been used to optimize the FOPID controller's parameters. Comparative analysis of several techniques like FA, PSO, GOA, SSA, and BOA used for PID, PI, FOPID controllers' optimization, and sensitivity analysis under different parametric variation has been presented to prove the stability of the ISHMG model. Analyzing all the results, it is found that BOA‐based FOPID controller is performing the frequency control far better than other techniques.