bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parallel faceted imaging in radio interferometry via proximal splitting (Faceted HyperSARA) – II. Code and real data proof of concept
Authors: Thouvenin Pierre-Antoine , Dabbech Arwa , Jiang Ming , Abdulaziz Abdullah , Thiran Jean-Philippe , Jackson Adrian , Wiaux Yves 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
In a companion paper, a faceted wideband imaging technique for radio interferometry, dubbed Faceted HyperSARA, has been introduced and validated on synthetic data. Building on the recent HyperSARA approach, Faceted HyperSARA leverages the splitting functionality inherent to the underlying primal-dual forward-backward algorithm to decompose the image reconstruction over multiple spatio-spectral facets. The approach allows complex regularization to be injected into the imaging process while providing additional parallelization flexibility compared to HyperSARA. This paper introduces new algorithm functionalities to address real data sets, implemented as part of a fully fledged matlab imaging library made available on GitHub. A large-scale proof of concept is proposed to validate Faceted HyperSARA in a new data and parameter scale regime, compared to the state of the art. The reconstruction of a 15 GB wideband image of Cyg A from 7.4 GB of Very Large Array data is considered, utilizing 1440 CPU cores on a high-performance computing system for about 9 h. The conducted experiments illustrate the reconstruction performance of the proposed approach on real data, exploiting new functionalities to leverage known direction-dependent effects, for an accurate model of the measurement operator, and an effective noise level accounting for imperfect calibration. They also demonstrate that, when combined with a further dimensionality reduction functionality, Faceted HyperSARA enables the recovery of a 3.6 GB image of Cyg A from the same data using only 91 CPU cores for 39 h. In this setting, the proposed approach is shown to provide a superior reconstruction quality compared to the state-of-the-art wideband clean-based algorithm of the wsclean software.
The chemical characterization of halo substructure in the Milky Way based on APOGEE
Authors: Horta Danny , Schiavon Ricardo P , Mackereth J Ted , Weinberg David H , Hasselquist Sten , Feuillet Diane , O’Connell Robert W , Anguiano Borja , Allende-Prieto Carlos , Beaton Rachael L , Bizyaev Dmitry , Cunha Katia , Geisler Doug , García-Hernández D A , Holtzman Jon , Jönsson Henrik , Lane Richard R , Majewski Steve R , Mészáros Szabolcs , Minniti Dante , Nitschelm Christian , Shetrone Matthew , Smith Verne V , Zasowski Gail 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Galactic haloes in a Λ-CDM universe are predicted to host today a swarm of debris resulting from cannibalized dwarf galaxies. The chemodynamical information recorded in their stellar populations helps elucidate their nature, constraining the assembly history of the Galaxy. Using data from APOGEE and Gaia, we examine the chemical properties of various halo substructures, considering elements that sample various nucleosynthetic pathways. The systems studied are Heracles, Gaia-Enceladus/Sausage (GES), the Helmi stream, Sequoia, Thamnos, Aleph, LMS-1, Arjuna, I’itoi, Nyx, Icarus, and Pontus. Abundance patterns of all substructures are cross-compared in a statistically robust fashion. Our main findings include: (i) the chemical properties of most substructures studied match qualitatively those of dwarf Milky Way satellites, such as the Sagittarius dSph. Exceptions are Nyx and Aleph, which are chemically similar to disc stars, implying that these substructures were likely formed in situ; (ii) Heracles differs chemically from in situ populations such as Aurora and its inner halo counterparts in a statistically significant way. The differences suggest that the star formation rate was lower in Heracles than in the early Milky Way; (iii) the chemistry of Arjuna, LMS-1, and I’itoi is indistinguishable from that of GES, suggesting a possible common origin; (iv) all three Sequoia samples studied are qualitatively similar. However, only two of those samples present chemistry that is consistent with GES in a statistically significant fashion; (v) the abundance patterns of the Helmi stream and Thamnos are different from all other halo substructures.
The steady-state multi-TeV diffuse γ-ray emission predicted with galprop and prospects for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Authors: Marinos P D , Rowell G P , Porter T A , Jóhannesson G 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Cosmic rays (CRs) interact with the diffuse gas, radiation, and magnetic fields in the interstellar medium (ISM) to produce electromagnetic emissions that are a significant component of the all-sky flux across a broad wavelength range. The Fermi–Large Area Telescope (LAT) has measured these emissions at GeV γ-ray energies with high statistics. Meanwhile, the high-energy stereoscopic system (H.E.S.S.) telescope array has observed large-scale Galactic diffuse emission in the TeV γ-ray energy range. The emissions observed at GeV and TeV energies are connected by the common origin of the CR particles injected by the sources, but the energy dependence of the mixture from the general ISM (true ‘diffuse’), those emanating from the relatively nearby interstellar space about the sources, and the sources themselves, is not well understood. In this paper, we investigate predictions of the broad-band emissions using the galprop code over a grid of steady-state 3D models that include variations over CR sources, and other ISM target distributions. We compare, in particular, the model predictions in the very-high energy ( VHE; ≳100 GeV) γ-ray range with the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey (HGPS) after carefully subtracting emission from catalogued γ-ray sources. Accounting for the unresolved source contribution, and the systematic uncertainty of the HGPS, we find that the galprop model predictions agree with lower estimates for the HGPS source-subtracted diffuse flux. We discuss the implications of the modelling results for interpretation of data from the next generation Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA).
Constraining ΛCDM cosmological parameters with Einstein Telescope mock data
Authors: Califano Matteo , de Martino Ivan , Vernieri Daniele , Capozziello Salvatore 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We investigate the capability of Einstein Telescope to constrain the cosmological parameters of the non-flat ΛCDM cosmological model. Two types of mock data sets are considered depending on whether or not a short gamma-ray burst is detected, and associated with the gravitational wave emitted by binary neutron stars merger, using the THESEUS satellite. Depending on the mock data set, two statistical estimators are applied: one assumes that the redshift is known, while the other marginalizes over it assuming a specific redshift prior distribution. We demonstrate that (i) using mock catalogues collecting gravitational wave signals emitted by binary neutron stars systems to which a short gamma-ray burst has been associated, Einstein Telescope may achieve an accuracy on the cosmological parameters of $\sigma _{H_0}\approx 0.40$ km s−1 Mpc−1, $\sigma _{\Omega _{k,0}}\approx 0.09$, and $\sigma _{\Omega _{\Lambda ,0}}\approx 0.07$; while (ii) using mock catalogues collecting all gravitational wave signals emitted by binary neutron stars systems for which an electromagnetic counterpart has not been detected, Einstein Telescope may achieve an accuracy on the cosmological parameters of $\sigma _{H_0}\approx 0.04$ km s−1 Mpc−1, $\sigma _{\Omega _{k,0}}\approx 0.01$, and $\sigma _{\Omega _{\Lambda ,0}}\approx 0.01$, once the redshift probability distribution of GW events is known from from population synthesis simulations and/or the measure of the tidal deformability parameter. These results show an improvement of a factor 2–75 with respect to earlier results using complementary data sets.
The response of dark matter haloes to gas ejection: CuspCore II
Authors: Li Zhaozhou , Dekel Avishai , Mandelker Nir , Freundlich Jonathan , François Thibaut L 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We propose an analytic model, CuspCore II, for the response of dark matter (DM) haloes to central gas ejection, as a mechanism for generating DM-deficient cores in dwarfs and high-z massive galaxies. We test this model and three other methods using idealized N-body simulations. The current model is physically justified and provides more accurate predictions than the earlier version, CuspCore I (Freundlich et al. 2020a). The CuspCore model assumes an instantaneous change of potential, followed by a relaxation to a new Jeans equilibrium. The relaxation turns out to be violent relaxation during the first orbital period, followed by phase mixing. By tracing the energy diffusion dE = dU (r), iteratively, the model reproduces the simulated DM profiles with ∼10 per cent accuracy or better. A method based on adiabatic invariants shows similar precision for moderate mass change, but underestimates the DM expansion for strong gas ejection. A method based on a simple empirical relation between DM and total mass ratios makes slightly inferior predictions. The crude assumption used in CuspCore I, of energy conservation for shells that encompass a fixed DM mass, turns out to underestimate the DM response, which can be partially remedied by introducing an alternative ‘energy’ definition. Our model is being generalized to address the differential response of a multicomponent system of stars and DM in the formation of DM-deficient galaxies.
A possible overall scenario for the outburst evolution of MAXI J1820+070 revealed by Insight-HXMT
Authors: Peng J Q , Zhang S , Chen Y P , Kong L D , Wang P J , Zhang S N , Ji L , Tao L , Qu J L , Ge M Y , Shui Q C , Li J , Chang Z , Li Z S , Xiao Y X 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We study the spectral and temporal properties of the black hole X-ray transient binary MAXI J1820+070 during the 2018 outburst with Insight-HXMT observations. The outburst of MAXI J1820+070 can be divided into three intervals. For the two intervals of the outburst, we find that low-energy (below 140 keV) photons lag high-energy (140–170 keV) ones, while in the decay of the outburst, high-energy photons lag low-energy photons, both with a time-scale of the order of days. Based on these results, the canonical hysteresis effect of the ‘q’ shape in the hardness–intensity diagram can be reformed into a roughly linear shape by taking into account the lag corrections between different energy bands. Time analysis shows that the high-frequency break of hard X-rays, derived from the power-density spectrum of the first interval of the outburst, is in general larger and more variable than that of soft X-rays. The spectral fitting shows that the coverage fraction of the hard X-rays drops sharply at the beginning of the outburst to about 0.5, and then increases slightly. The coverage fraction drops to roughly zero once the source steps into soft state and increases gradually to unity when the source returns to low–hard state. We discuss the possible overall evolution scenario of corona hinted from these discoveries.
Redshift drift cosmography with ELT and SKAO measurements
Authors: Rocha B A R , Martins C J A P 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Mapping the expansion history of the universe is a compelling task of physical cosmology, especially in the context of the observational evidence for the recent acceleration of the universe, which demonstrates that canonical theories of cosmology and particle physics are incomplete and that there is new physics still to be discovered. Cosmography is a phenomenological approach to cosmology, where (with some caveats) physical quantities are expanded as a Taylor series in the cosmological redshift z, or analogous parameters such as the rescaled redshift y = z/(1 + z) or the logarithmic redshift x = ln (1 + z). Moreover, the redshift drift of objects following cosmological expansion provides a model-independent observable, detectable by facilities currently under construction, viz. the Extremely Large Telescope and the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (at least in its full configuration). Here, we use simulated redshift drift measurements from the two facilities to carry out an assessment of the cosmological impact and model discriminating power of redshift drift cosmography. We find that the combination of measurements from the two facilities can provide a stringent test of the Λ cold dark matter paradigm, and that overall the logarithmic-based expansions of the spectroscopic velocity drift are the most reliable ones, performing better than analogous expansions in the redshift or the rescaled redshift: the former nominally gives the smaller error bars for the cosmographic coefficients but is vulnerable to biases in the higher order terms (in other words, it is only reliable at low redshifts), while the latter always performs poorly.
Evidence for powerful winds and the associated reverse shock as the origin of the Fermi bubbles
Authors: Fujita Yutaka 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The Fermi bubbles are large gamma-ray-emitting structures. They are symmetric about the Galactic Centre (GC), and their creation is therefore attributed to intensive energy injection at the GC. In this study, we focus on the non-equilibrium X-ray gas structures associated with the bubbles. We show that a combination of the density, temperature, and shock age profiles of the X-ray gas can be used to distinguish the energy-injection mechanisms. By comparing the results of numerical simulations with observations, we indicate that the bubbles were created by a fast wind from the GC because it generates a strong reverse shock and reproduces the observed temperature peak there. On the other hand, instantaneous energy injection at the GC cannot reproduce the temperature profile. The wind had a speed of ${\sim} 1000\rm \: km\: s^{-1}$, and blew for ∼107 yr. Because the mass flux of the wind is large, the entrainment of interstellar gas by wide-angle outflows from the black hole is required. Thus, the wind may be the same as active galactic nuclei outflows often observed in other galaxies and thought to regulate the growth of galaxies and their central black holes.
Ultra high energy cosmic rays from past activity of Andromeda galaxy
Authors: Zirakashvili V N , Ptuskin V S , Rogovaya S I 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
It is shown that the relativistic jets associated with the growth and past activity of the supermassive black hole in the Andromeda galaxy could be the main source of cosmic rays with energies above 1015 eV. Most of the cosmic ray energy is related to a bow shock of the jet that produces multi PeV cosmic rays with light composition. The highest energy cosmic rays with heavy composition are produced in the jet itself. The spectra of energetic particles produced in Andromeda galaxy and propagated to the Earth are calculated and compared with observations.
Circulating tumor cells and extracellular vesicles as liquid biopsy markers in neuro-oncology: prospects and limitations
Authors: Westphal, Manfred , Pantel Klaus , Ricklefs Franz L , Maire Cecile , Riethdorf Sabine , Mohme Malte , Wikman Harriet , Lamszus Katrin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
For many tumor entities, tumor biology and response to therapy are reflected by components that can be detected and captured in the blood stream. The so called “liquid biopsy” has been stratified over time into the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTC), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and free circulating components such as cell-free nucleic acids or proteins. In neuro-oncology, two distinct areas need to be distinguished, intrinsic brain tumors and tumors metastatic to the brain. For intrinsic brain tumors, specifically glioblastoma, CTCs although present in low abundance, contain highly relevant, yet likely incomplete biological information for the whole tumor. For brain metastases, CTCs can have clinical relevance for patients especially with oligometastatic disease and brain metastasis in cancers like breast and lung cancer. EVs shed from the tumor cells and the tumor environment provide complementary information. Sensitive technologies have become available that are able to detect both, CTCs and EVs in the peripheral blood of patients with intrinsic and metastatic brain tumors despite the blood brain barrier. In reference to glioblastoma EVs, being shed by tumor cells and microenvironment and being more diffusible than CTCs may yield a more complete reflection of the whole tumor compared to low-abundance CTCs representing only a fraction of the multiclonal tumor heterogeneity. We here review the emerging aspects of CTCs and EVs as liquid biopsy biomarkers in neuro-oncology.
Persistence of Neutralizing Antibodies and Clinical Protection up to 12 Months After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in the Elderly
Authors: Collarino Rocco , Vauloup-Fellous Christelle , Allemang-Trivalle Aude , Mouna Lina , Baudouin Edouard-Pierre , Keravec Héloise , Neiss Marie , Bouchareb Souhila , Bessai Cherif , Sanchez-Tamayo Jorge , Pujol Tom , Trikha Zeynab , Brunetti Nicoletta , Sitbon-Guichardon Magali , Roque-Afonso Anne Marie , Trivalle Christophe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has severely affected the elderly, who are expected to display decreased immune responses due to immunosenescence.

Methods
This study retrospectively assesses neutralizing antibody (NAb) production up to 12 months after infection in long-term care patients. We used Roche Diagnostics immunoassay to quantify anti-spike (S) antibodies and a competitive immunoassay from YHLO as a surrogate test for NAb.

Results
We included 91 patients (mean age, 86 years). There was no significant variation in anti-S titers over time. There was a significant decrease of NAb titers between month 3 and month 6 but no further significant change up to month 12. Overall, 75 of 91 (82%) and 52 of 91 (57%) patients had, at least once, anti-S titers &gt;75 U/mL and NAb titers &gt;50 AU/mL, respectively, corresponding to a significant neutralizing activity in vitro. All 68 patients studied at M12 had detectable anti-S antibodies and 60 (88%) had detectable NAb; 60 of 68 (88%) and 29 of 68 (42.6%) still had anti-S titers &gt;75 U/mL and NAb titers &gt;50 AU/mL. Higher NAb titers were correlated with severe infection, higher levels of C-reactive protein, and lower lymphocyte counts. No patient developed reinfection.

Conclusions
Elderly people can display robust and persistent humoral response after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, with NAb lasting up to 12 months.
Affective auditing: The emotional weight of the research excellence framework
Authors: Watermeyer Richard , Derrick Gemma Elizabeth , Borras Batalla Mar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn aggressively neo-liberalized higher education systems and in ‘high-performing’ research units—typically academic schools in high-ranking research universities—research assessment has come to dominate the daily organization and enactment of research and research culture. So much so in fact that academics’ research praxis, their employability, career trajectories and very lexicon are in synthesis with the manufacture and mediation of performance values, often to the detriment of collegiality, critical citizenship, and self-efficacy. Research assessment as a technology of governance is thus also a ‘disruptive technology’ epidemic to the (re)making of academic lives. Notwithstanding, studies of the affective aspects of research assessment and its emotional manipulation of academic lives are at best thin. Further, less is known of what we call ‘affective auditing’ from the perspective of academic middle-managers with institutional responsibility for implementing assessment procedures and with direct experience of the disruptiveness of research assessment at meso and micro levels. By way of response, this article reports on findings from interviews with academic middle or quasi-managers responsible for overseeing research assessment in research elite universities in the high-performance and highly pressurized research context of the UK. These accounts elucidate the weight of ‘affective auditing’ on academic researchers and academic quasi-managers and the extent to which research assessment shapes the emotional contours of research lives.
The Prevalence of Self-injurious Behavior in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lorentzen Eva Amanda , Mors Ole , Kjær Jesper Nørgaard 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
In patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD), the lifetime prevalence of self-harm (SH) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is currently uncertain. The primary aim of this review was to provide a synthesis of the existing literature concerning the prevalence of SH/NSSI in individuals with SSD, and individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR-P). Secondary aims were to investigate methods, severity, and functions of self-injurious behavior in these populations.

Study Design
Studies quantifying the prevalence of SH/NSSI in individuals with SSD or at CHR-P were included in this review. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycInfo were searched for eligible studies June 10, 2022 and systematically screened by two independent reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joana Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies by two independent reviewers. A meta-analysis of the lifetime prevalence of SH/NSSI was conducted using generalized linear mixed model with the logit transformation.

Study Results
Thirty-two studies were included in this review (n = 15 440), 4 of which included individuals at CHR-P (n = 397). The meta-analysis showed a pooled lifetime prevalence of SH of 31.0% (95% CI: 22.1%; 41.6%) in individuals with SSD (n = 2822) and 39.7% (95% CI: 17.5%; 70.0%) in individuals at CHR-P (n = 397). These estimates should be interpreted with caution due to substantial heterogeneity. Cutting was the most frequent method of SH/NSSI and SH command hallucinations may be an overlooked cause of self-injurious behavior in these patients.

Conclusions
Self-injurious behavior is a highly prevalent, and possibly overlooked concern, in individuals with SSD and at CHR-P.