bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Heart Rate Variability in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases before and after Surgical Repair
Authors: Ebied Nashwa Ibrahim , El-Atafy El-Atafy El-Metwally , El-Shehaby Walid Ahmed , Zoair Amr Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

Background: Surgical repair of congenital heart diseases (CHD) affects heart rate variability (HRV) in different ways. It leads to varying degrees of cardiac autonomic derangement, clinically detectable as depression of HRV parameters. The aim of this work was to evaluate HRV in children with CHDs before and after surgical repair to detect the effect of CHDs (acyanotic or cyanotic) and cardiac surgery on cardiac autonomic function.
Methods: This observational case-control study enrolled thirty cases with CHD. Cases were divided in two equal groups: group1 included children with CHDs (not repaired) before surgical intervention and group 2 included children after surgical repair of CHDs. Another fifteen healthy children, matched for age and sex, were enrolled as a control group. All children in this study were subjected to full history taking, clinical evaluation, Holter monitor, twenty-four-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic recordings and the seven time-domain indices of HRV.
Results: There was significant increase of HR in patients before surgical repair as compared to patients after surgical repair as compared to control group. There was significant decrease of PNN50, r MMSD, SDNN index and SDANN of children before surgical repair as compared to children after surgical repair as compared to controls. There was a negative significant correlation between HR and age before surgery, after surgery there was a negative significant correlation between HR and age, pNN50, rMMSD, SDNN index and SDANN, in control there was negative significant correlation with age, SDNN index, SDANN and SDNN.
Conclusion: HRV parameters increased significantly in children with CHDs after surgical repair as compared to these before surgical repair denoting effect of cardiac surgery on cardiac autonomic function.
Comparison of Acupuncture vs Sham Acupuncture or Waiting List Control in the Treatment of Aromatase Inhibitor–Related Joint Pain
Authors: Hershman Dawn L. , Unger Joseph M. , Greenlee Heather , Capodice Jillian , Lew Danika L. , Darke Amy , Minasian Lori M. , Fisch Michael J. , Henry N. Lynn , Crew Katherine D. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceAromatase inhibitors (AIs) have proven efficacy for the treatment of hormone-sensitive breast cancer; however, arthralgias (pain and stiffness) contribute to nonadherence with therapy for more than 50% of patients.ObjectiveTo examine the effect of acupuncture in reducing AI-related joint pain through 52 weeks.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA randomized clinical trial was conducted at 11 sites in the US from May 1, 2012, to February 29, 2016, with a scheduled final date of follow-up of September 5, 2017, to compare true acupuncture (TA) with sham acupuncture (SA) or waiting list control (WC). Women with early-stage breast cancer were eligible if they were taking an AI and scored 3 or higher on the Brief Pain Inventory Worst Pain (BPI-WP) item (score range, 0-10; higher scores indicate greater pain). Analysis was conducted for data received through May 3, 2021.InterventionsParticipants were randomized 2:1:1 to the TA (n = 110), SA (n = 59), or WC (n = 57) group. The TA and SA protocols were composed of 6 weeks of intervention at 2 sessions per week (12 sessions overall), followed by 6 additional weeks of intervention with 1 session per week. Participants randomized to WC received no intervention. All participants were offered 10 acupuncture sessions to be used between weeks 24 and 52.Main Outcomes and MeasuresIn this long-term evaluation, the primary end point was the 52-week BPI-WP score, compared by study group using linear regression, adjusted for baseline pain and stratification factors.ResultsAmong 226 randomized women (mean [SD] age, 60.7 [8.6] years; 87.7% White; mean [SD] baseline BPI-WP score, 6.7 [1.5]), 191 (84.5%) completed the trial. In a linear regression, 52-week mean BPI-WP scores were 1.08 (95% CI, 0.24-1.91) points lower in the TA compared with the SA group (P = .01) and were 0.99 (95% CI, 0.12-1.86) points lower in the TA compared with the WC group (P = .03). In addition, 52-week BPI pain interference scores were statistically significantly lower in the TA compared with the SA group (difference, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.00-1.16; P = .05). Between 24 and 52 weeks, 12 (13.2%) of TA, 6 (11.3%) of SA, and 5 (10.6%) of WC patients reported receipt of acupuncture.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial, women with AI-related joint pain receiving 12 weeks of TA had reduced pain at 52 weeks compared with controls, suggesting long-term benefits of this therapy.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01535066
Comparison of injection and immersion challenges of Renibacterium salmoninarum strains in Rainbow Trout
Authors: Watson Tifani R. , Bruce Timothy J. , Ma Jie , Cain Kenneth D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
Renibacterium salmoninarum is a pathogenic gram-positive bacterium and is the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD), a malady that mainly impacts salmonid species. Experimental challenges were conducted to assess the virulence and challenge route for select R. salmoninarum strains (CK-90 and ATCC 33739) in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Methods
The CK-90 strain was intracoelomically injected (100 μL) at a high dose containing 4.80 × 106 CFU/g of fish (optical density at 525 nm [OD525] = 1.779) and a low dose containing 6.86 × 105 CFU/g of fish (OD525 = 1.077); alternatively, fish were immersed in a solution containing 4.5 × 107 CFU/mL of fish (OD525 = 0.886). The ATCC 33739 strain (originating from Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis) was also included and intracoelomically injected at 3.58 × 105 CFU/g of fish (OD525 = 1.431) to discern differences in virulence between the strains.

Result
Clinical signs of BKD manifested at approximately 10 d postchallenge, and mortalities began at 19 days postchallenge. To confirm infection and quantify R. salmoninarum antigen load, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted using kidney tissue collected after the challenge. Rainbow Trout that were challenged with CK-90 by injection (both high- and low-dose groups) exhibited significantly higher mortality than fish that were injected with ATCC 33739 or those that were exposed to CK-90 via immersion challenge. The R. salmoninarum p57 (57-kDa protein) antigen was confirmed via ELISA. Antigen load for fish injected with CK-90 (high dose: OD405 = 0.71; low dose: OD405 = 0.66) was significantly higher than that for fish injected with ATCC 33739 (OD405 = 0.34). The CK-90 strain (both high and low doses) was more virulent than ATCC 33739, which caused no mortalities over the 28-days trial. Although there were no mortalities among ATCC 33739 fish, the ELISA confirmed that the R. salmoninarum antigen infiltrated kidney tissue in those fish.

Conclusion
The immersion challenge methodology for R. salmoninarum CK-90 was ineffective for inducing mortalities at the examined dose.
Improvement in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus After Twenty Weeks of Belimumab Use: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Kneeland Rachel , Montes Daniel , Endo Justin , Shields Bridget , Bartels Christie M. , Garg Shivani 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveCutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), with or without systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), can be debilitating and cause psychological distress. Belimumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits B cell activation, is a Federal Drug Administration–approved SLE medication, but less is known on its use in CLE. Moreover, the time to response after starting belimumab in CLE is unknown, which may lead to premature discontinuation in the absence of early perceivable benefits. Thus, the objectives of this meta‐analysis were to examine the efficacy of belimumab, as well as the time to response after starting belimumab in patients with CLE with or without SLE.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed to include studies that examined clinical response in patients with CLE with or without SLE receiving belimumab. A clinical response at 52 weeks in belimumab users versus nonusers was summarized in a random‐effects model. Additionally, we calculated the pooled odds ratio (OR) for each consecutive 4‐week observation interval to identify time to a clinical response in CLE with or without SLE after starting belimumab.ResultsAmong 747 screened studies, 14 were included. The pooled odds of clinical response at 52 weeks in belimumab users were 44% higher compared to nonusers (OR 1.44 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.20–1.74], I2 = 0%). A clinical response was first noted after 20 weeks of starting belimumab (OR 1.35 [95% CI 1.01–1.81], I2 = 0%), with a sustained clinical response through 1 year.ConclusionThe findings support belimumab as an effective therapy for CLE with SLE. Likewise, the findings inform patient counseling regarding estimates of 20 weeks to achieve a response.
Oxygen Vacancy‐Mediated Catalysts toward Selective H2O2 Reduction in Cellular Environment
Authors: Ding Zhenyao , Wang Dandan , Chen Liping , Yu Huijun , Zhou Hang , Zhou Yifan , Feng Xinjian , Jiang Lei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAbnormal hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in the cellular environment are closely related to cell dysfunction and serious diseases. Thus, selective and sensitive H2O2 detections are urgently needed for clinical diagnosis and therapy. Herein, via surface defect engineering, an oxygen‐tolerant electrocatalyst based on tin oxide for selective H2O2 reduction and detection with exceptional stability and activity is designed and developed. When introduced at an appropriate level (≈5.3%), surface oxygen vacancies help lower the charge transfer resistance for enhancing the H2O2 reduction reaction, while maintain the weak oxygen (O2) adsorption, which enables a constant H2O2 reduction (sensing) response in the electrolyte at variable oxygen levels. Moreover, the tin oxide‐based assay system exhibits outstanding stability over a wide pH range of 4–9, as well as selectivity in the presence of interferent endogenous and exogenous electroactive species, which is suitable for trace H2O2 monitoring secreted from NB4 cells, a model cancer cell. The oxygen vacancy‐mediated tin oxide achieves the highest stability as well as high selectivity compared to reported electrochemical probes for specific H2O2 detection in biological environments, with the potential for biological and biomedical applications.
Highly Controlled Zigzag Perovskite Nanocrystals Enabled by Dipole‐Induced Self‐Assembly of Nanocubes for Low‐Threshold Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Lasing
Authors: Zhang Chengxi , Chen Jiayi , Turyanska Lyudmila , Wang Junhui , Wang Weihua , Wang Lin , Kong Lingmei , Wu Kaifeng , Yao Jisong , Yao Hongbin , Yang Zhiwen , Li Wanwan , Bekenstein Yehonadav , Wang Yue , Jia Guohua , Yang Xuyong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSelf‐assembly of nanocrystals into controlled structures while uncompromising their properties is one of the key steps in optoelectronic device fabrication. Herein, zigzag CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals are demonstrated with a precise number of components with nanocube morphology, these can be successfully obtained through a dipole‐induced self‐assembly process. The addition of a trace amount of deionized water facilitates the transfer from CsPbBr3 nanocubes to intermediates of CsPb2Br5 and Cs3In2Br9, which then fastly release reaction monomers leading to further homogenous nucleation of CsPbBr3 nanocubes, followed by the formation of zigzag CsPbBr3 nanocrystals through a dipole‐induced self‐assembly process. Dipole moment along <110> axis is found to be the driving force for the assembly of nanocubes into zigzag nanocrystals. The zigzag CsPbBr3 nanocrystals exhibit desirable optical properties comparable to their nanocube counterparts and offer advantages for amplified spontaneous emission and lasing applications with low pump thresholds of 3.1 and 6.02 µJ cm−2, respectively. This study not only develops a strategy for producing highly controlled zigzag perovskite nanocrystals and provides insights on the dipole‐induced self‐assembly mechanisms, but also opens an avenue for their application in lasing.
Digital Twin Enables Rational Design of Ultrahigh‐Power Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Huimin , Ren Dongsheng , Ming Hai , Zhang Wenfeng , Cao Gaoping , Liu Jianhong , Wang Li , Song Junliang , Qiu Jingyi , Wang Jingliang , He Xiangming , Zhang Hao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith the widespread applications of electric vehicles, power grid stabilization, and high‐pulsed power loads, high‐power lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are in urgent demand. However, the existing experimental‐based design of high‐power batteries is usually costly and inefficient, and provides limited information on the complex physicochemical processes inside the batteries. Digital twin concept is promising for capturing the batteries’ electrochemical performance, and optimizing the power capability of LIBs. Here, an electrochemical‐thermal coupled model is developed as a digital twin model for rational design of ultrahigh‐power LiFePO4/graphite LIBs. The model can accurately predict the batteries’ performance and help to predetermine the optimal parameters to achieve an ultrahigh power capability. After model‐guided optimization, the battery shows a high energy density of 92.38 Wh kg−1 at an ultrafast discharging current of 50 C and can withstand 150 C pulse discharging tests. Notably, the digital twin model can reveal experimentally inaccessible time‐ and space‐resolved information and identify the rate‐determining steps inside the battery. Hence, model‐driven optimization of ultrahigh‐power LiFePO4/graphite batteries is successfully realized aiming at the critical factors in the rate‐determining steps. The work provides an instructive design of ultrahigh‐power LiFePO4/graphite batteries, which might guide the future direction to boost the power capability of LIBs.
Retarding the Shuttling Ions in the Electrochromic TiO2 with Extensive Crystallographic Imperfections
Authors: Dai Baohu , Wu Changzheng , Xie Yi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo understand the role of structure imperfections on the performance of electrochromic transition metal oxide (ETMO) is challenging for the design of efficient smart windows. Herein, we investigate the performance evolution with tunable crystallographic imperfections for rutile TiO2 nanowire film (TNF). Structure imperfections, originating mainly from the copious oxygen deficiency, are apt to cumulatively retard the shuttling ions, resulting in the response rate for raw TNF being less than the half that of TNF annealed at 500 °C. We describe ion accommodation sites as a convolution of normal site and abnormal site, in which the normal site performs reversible coloration but the abnormal site contributes only to charge storage, which gives a rationale for the non‐linear coloration and rate capability loss. These findings give a clear picture of the ion shuttling process, which is insightful for enhancing the electrochromic performance via structure reprogramming.
Stereoselective Chiral Molecular Carbon Imides Featuring 12‐Fold [5]helicenes Around Four Cores**
Authors: Liu Guogang , Liu Yujian , Zhao Chengxi , Li Yan , Wang Zhaohui , Tian He 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite the great progress in research on molecular carbons containing multiple helicenes around one core, realizing the stereoselectivity of carbons containing multiple helicenes around more cores is still a great challenge. Herein, molecular carbon C204 featuring 12‐fold [5]helicenes around four cores was successfully constructed by using nine perylene diimide (PDI) units, and exhibits good solubility and stability. Despite 256 possible stereoisomers caused by the 12‐fold [5]helicenes, we only obtained one pair of enantiomers with D3 symmetry. There are four possible pairs of enantiomers with D3 symmetry, namely 7A, 7B, 7C and 7D. Theoretical and experimental results verify that the obtained structure belongs to 7C, which has the lowest energy. The enantiomers can also be separated by chiral HPLC. These results suggest that choosing PDIs as building blocks can not only improve the solubility and stability but also realize the stereoselectivity and chirality of molecular carbons.
The polydopamine‐assisted heparin anchor enhances the hydrophilicity, hemocompatibility, and biocompatibility of polyurethane
Authors: Li Heng , Guo Yu , Ma Buyun , Qian Yunzhu , Sun Wentao , Zhou Xuefeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSurface heparinization is an effective solution to resolve low endothelialization, poor anticoagulation, and hemocompatibility of polyurethane (PU) used as materials of small‐diameter vascular grafts. Here, the effects of polydopamine (PDA) and poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) as crosslinking agents on the surface heparinization were explored. The PU membranes grafted with heparin (Hep) via dopamine (PU/PDA‐Hep) showed better hydrophilicity and stability, compared to heparinized PU membranes via acrylic acid (PU/PAA‐Hep). The results of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated that heparin was successfully grafted onto the PU surface and the grafting efficiency was high when PDA as a cross‐linking agent. The grafted heparin aggregated and formed nanoparticles, and increased the surface roughness of PU membranes. The heparinized membranes demonstrated good anti‐adhesion of bovine serum albumin and fibrin protein. In addition, no activated platelets or educts on heparinized PU were found by platelet adhesion tests, implying that heparin‐immobilized surfaces had good hemocompatibility. Moreover, the in vitro cytocompatibility assessment showed that the PU/PDA‐Hep significantly improved the proliferation of L929 cells and was superior to PU/AA‐Hep. These results demonstrated that PDA‐assisted surface heparinization was an effective method to improve the anticoagulant and biocompatibility of PU small‐diameter vascular materials and could be extended to other implantable materials.
Lateral control for autonomous wheeled vehicles: A technical review
Authors: Kebbati Yassine , Ait‐Oufroukh Naima , Ichalal Dalil , Vigneron Vincent 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAutonomous driving has the ability to reshape mobility and transportation by reducing road accidents, traffic jams, and air pollution. This can yield energy efficiency, convenience, and more productivity as significant driving time will be gained and used in other activities instead. Autonomous vehicles are complex systems consisting of several modules that perform perception, decision‐making, planning, and control. Control is essential for achieving automatic driving; it is basically divided into longitudinal control that handles speed tracking and lateral control which ensures accurate steering. The latter is primordial in path tracking applications and recent research has witnessed a huge leap in this field. The aim of this paper is to provide a technical survey of the latest research on the lateral control of autonomous vehicles as well as to highlight technical challenges and limits for further developments.
Resistance to antibody‐drug conjugates in breast cancer: mechanisms and solutions
Authors: Chen Yu‐Fei , Xu Ying‐ying , Shao Zhi‐Ming , Yu Ke‐Da 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAntibody‐drug conjugates (ADCs) are a rapidly developing therapeutic approach in cancer treatment that has shown remarkable activity in breast cancer. Currently, there are two ADCs approved for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2‐positive breast cancer, one for triple‐negative breast cancer, and multiple investigational ADCs in clinical trials. However, drug resistance has been noticed in clinical use, especially in trastuzumab emtansine. Here, the mechanisms of ADC resistance are summarized into four categories: antibody‐mediated resistance, impaired drug trafficking, disrupted lysosomal function, and payload‐related resistance. To overcome or prevent resistance to ADCs, innovative development strategies and combination therapy options are being investigated. Analyzing predictive biomarkers for optimal therapy selection may also help to prevent drug resistance.
Catalytic Arylalkylation of Alkenyl Amines at Remote Sites via Directed Nickel Catalysis
Authors: Han Jian , Tang Yinheng , Huang Jie , Luo Chun , Zhang Lanlan , Li Wenyi , Wang Chao 
Published: November 2022

Comprehensive SummaryDirecting group‐assisted, transition metal‐catalyzed three‐component difunctionalization of alkenes has emerged as a powerful tool to drive molecular complexity. However, this strategy generally works with the substrates bearing directing groups in close proximity to the alkene moieties, due to the preference for formation of kinetically stable five‐membered metallacycles. Herein, we have disclosed a complementary strategy to accomplish a nickel‐catalyzed remote arylalkylation of alkenyl amines with excellent regioselectivity and diastereofidelity, involving rare six‐ or seven‐membered metallacycles. This general protocol is compatible with a series of δ‐ and ε‐alkenyl amines, providing corresponding valuable δ,ε‐ and ε,ζ‐difunctionalized aliphatic amines that would be difficult to synthesize. The coordination of the bidentate picolinamide auxiliary and the facile oxidative addition of alkyl halides to Ni(I) species are the key to the success of the developed remote olefin dicarbofunctionalization.
Distribution and Potential Sources of Surface Aerosol Particles in the Yangtze River Delta Region, China
Authors: Shen Ji , Cao Nianwen , Zhao Yirui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBased on meteorological and pollution data from January 2017 to December 2019, in this paper the long‐term distribution of surface aerosol particles, and the interaction between aerosol pollution and meteorological factors in four cities of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region is investigated. The long‐term observation shows the law of typical aerosol pollution characteristics. Meteorological factors are significantly different during aerosol‐polluted and nonpolluted days. The effect of each meteorological factor on aerosol pollution may vary by different seasons and cities. The changes in meteorological factors are not completely consistent during aerosol fine‐mode and coarse‐mode polluted days. To distinguish the possible sources of surface aerosol particles, the potential source contribution function and concentration‐weighted trajectory models are applied to study transport sources. Based on the detailed analyses, this study will provide a reliable basis for further pollution control in the YRD.
Spirocyclic Compounds in Fragrance Chemistry: Synthesis and Olfactory Properties
Authors: Gilles Laure , Antoniotti Sylvain 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this Review, both the scientific literature and patents have been analysed to gather, examine and classify synthetic strategies developed to access spirocyclic molecules having olfactory properties of interest for the perfume industry. New structures have been reported at a steady state since 1961 with a particularly intense activity in the 80’s. In the diversity of olfactory properties observed, spirocyclic molecules were found to be quite frequently woody, as well as fruity and ambery, among other tonalities. More recent data reflect the evolution of modern synthetic organic chemistry towards bioinspiration, enantioselective reactions, green and sustainable chemistry and biotechnology.