bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nuclear movement in multinucleated cells
Authors: Padilla Jorel R. , Ferreira Lillie M. , Folker Eric S. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTNuclear movement is crucial for the development of many cell types and organisms. Nuclear movement is highly conserved, indicating its necessity for cellular function and development. In addition to mononucleated cells, there are several examples of cells in which multiple nuclei exist within a shared cytoplasm. These multinucleated cells and syncytia have important functions for development and homeostasis. Here, we review a subset of the developmental contexts in which the regulation of the movement and positioning of multiple nuclei are well understood, including pronuclear migration, the Drosophila syncytial blastoderm, the Caenorhabditis elegans hypodermis, skeletal muscle and filamentous fungi. We apply the principles learned from these models to other systems.
Overactive Wnt5a signaling disrupts hair follicle polarity during mouse skin development
Authors: Simonson Laura , Oldham Ethan , Chang Hao 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
The polarity of mouse hair follicles is controlled by the Frizzled (Fzd) receptors and other membrane planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins. Whether Wnt proteins can act as PCP ligands in the skin remains unknown. Here, we show that overexpression of Wnt5a in the posterior part of mouse embryos causes a local disruption of hair follicle orientation. The misoriented hair follicle phenotype in Wnt5a overexpressing mice can be rescued by a heterozygous loss of Fzd6, suggesting Wnt5a is likely to signal through Fzd6. Although the membrane distribution of PCP proteins seems unaffected by Wnt5a overexpression, transcriptional profiling analyses identify a set of genes as potential targets of the skin polarization program controlled by Wnt5a/Fzd6 signaling. Surprisingly, deletion of Wnt5a globally or in the posterior part of the mouse embryos does not affect hair follicle orientation. We show that many other Wnts are highly expressed in the developing skin. They can activate the Fzd6 signaling pathway in vitro and may act together with Wnt5a to regulate the Fzd6-mediated skin polarization. Our experiments demonstrate for the first time that Wnt5a can function as an orienting cue for mouse skin PCP.
Thermal preference does not align with optimal temperature for aerobic scope in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Ripley Daniel M. , Quinn Florence A. , Dickson Jessica , Arthur Jack , Shiels Holly A. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Warming is predicted to have negative consequences for fishes by causing a mismatch between oxygen demand and supply, and a consequent reduction in aerobic scope (AS) and performance. This oxygen and capacity limited thermal tolerance (OCLTT) hypothesis features prominently in the literature but remains controversial. Within the OCLTT framework, we hypothesised that fish would select temperatures that maximise their AS, and thus their performance. We tested this hypothesis using intermittent flow respirometry to measure AS at, above (+2.5°C) and below (–2.5°C) the self-selected, preferred temperature (Tpref) of individual zebrafish (Danio rerio). AS was greatest 2.5°C above Tpref, which was driven by an increase in maximal metabolic rate. This mismatch between Tpref and the optimal temperature for AS suggests that factor(s) aside from AS maximisation influence the thermal preference of zebrafish.
Activity-dependent decline and recovery of synaptic transmission in central parts of surviving primary afferents after their peripheral cut in crayfish
Authors: Le Bon-Jégo Morgane , Cabirol Marie-Jeanne , Cattaert Daniel 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Axons deprived of their nucleus degenerate within a few days in mammals but survive for several months in crustaceans. However, it is not known whether central synapses from sensory axons may preserve their molecular machinery in the absence of spiking activity. To assess this, we used peripheral axotomy, which removes their nuclei combined with electrophysiology techniques and electron microscopy imaging. We report the following. (1) Electron microscopy analysis confirms previous observations that glial cell nuclei present in the sensory nerve proliferate and migrate to axon tubes, where they form close contacts with surviving axons. (2) After peripheral axotomy performed in vivo on the coxo-basipodite chordotonal organ (CBCO), the sensory nerve does not convey any sensory message, but antidromic volleys are observed. (3) Central synaptic transmission from the CBCO to motoneurons (MNs) progressively declines over 200 days (90% of monosynaptic excitatory transmission is lost after 3 weeks, whereas 60% of disynaptic inhibitory transmission persists up to 6 months). After 200 days, no transmission is observed. (4) However, this total loss is apparent only because repetitive electrical stimulation of the sensory nerve in vitro progressively restores first inhibitory post-synaptic potentials and then excitatory post-synaptic potentials. (5) The loss of synaptic transmission can be prevented by in vivo chronic sensory nerve stimulation. (6) Using simulations based on the geometric arrangements of synapses of the monosynaptic excitatory transmission and disynaptic inhibitory pathways, we show that antidromic activity in the CBCO nerve could play a role in the maintenance of synaptic function of inhibitory pathways to MNs, but not monosynaptic excitatory transmission to MNs. Our study confirms the deep changes in glial nuclei observed in axons deprived of their nucleus. We further show that the machinery for spike conduction and synaptic release persists for several months, even if there is no longer any activity. Indeed, we were able to restore, with electrical activity, spike conduction and synaptic function after long silent periods (&gt;6 months).
Using a Delphi Process to Update the Nisonger Child Behavior Rating Form
Authors: Shively Kelsey B. , Tassé Marc J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Nisonger Child Behavior Rating Form (NCBRF) was developed to specifically screen psychopathology and problem behavior in children and adolescents with IDD. This study aimed to update the NCBRF to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) and screen for the most prevalent psychopathologies that affect children and adolescents with IDD. The authors re-aligned the existing items to fit within a DSM-5 framework, and then used the Delphi method with a panel of experts in IDD to evaluate the NCBRF items. The revision process included deleting and revising existing items and formulating new items. We obtained a final item pool after three iterations. The Delphi process and resulting item pool are described in this article.
Mental State Language Development in Children With Down Syndrome Versus Typical Development
Authors: Channell Marie Moore , Sandstrom Linnea E. , Harvey Danielle 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study compared mental state language (talk about emotions, thoughts, intentions, etc.) used by 6- to 11-year-old children with Down syndrome (DS) to a younger typically developing (TD) comparison group matched by nonverbal cognition. We aimed to determine (1) whether mental state language use is delayed in DS relative to developmental expectations, and (2) if there are differences between groups in the association between mental state language and developmental factors (emotion knowledge, expressive language). Rate of mental state language use was significantly lower in the group with DS, but the number of different mental state terms was not significantly different. Nuanced patterns of similarity and difference emerged between groups regarding the association between mental state language and other developmental factors.
Foreign Policy-making, Immorality, Public Opinion, Russia-Ukraine War and a Looming 3rd World War: Challenges, Prospects and Stakes for International Relations and Human Security
Authors: SAKWE MASUMBE Peter 
Published: October 2022

The Russia-Ukraine war would hardly shirk the philosophy that, historically, wars are created and fought but hardly have they ended without meaningful, multilateral and multifaceted diplomatic shuttling in roundtable conferences and dialogues between belligerents and their sympathisers. Usually, the aftermaths are the unavoidable humiliation or gallantry gives and takes in irreparable damages of human and material resources. In the Russia-Ukraine war, given the politics, amorality and public opinion orchestrated by Western media with incessant calls for NATO to declare a No Fly Zone over Ukraine, and informed by the Rational Actor Model, which assumes that, the main actor in foreign policymaking is a rational individual or group of individuals, who can make informed, calculated decisions that maximise value and perceived benefits to the state, (Allison, 1971, Zerbe 2021), and using the historical research methodology, this paper examines the challenges, prospects and stakes for international relations and humanity, in terms of the global insecurity intrinsic in the Russian-Ukraine War. Consequently, it advocates the international community’s refraining and dissuasion of escalation of a looming 3rd World War.
Lead and cadmium removal with native yeast from coastal wetlands
Authors: Vidal Narda Fajardo , Dávila Jorge Wong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Water bodies affected by heavy metals have been characterized in some natural ecosystems such as coastal wetlands in Peru. For this reason, in the present study, the determination of heavy metals lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and others was carried out in the water bodies of the Regional Conservation Area (RCA) Wetlands of Ventanilla using the Induction Coupled Plasma method. Water samples were collected at the six most critical stations for Pb and Cd, for the isolation of lead-tolerant microorganisms in 2022 with the aim of evaluating native microorganisms with removal potential of Pb and Cd. Yeasts such as Candida guilliermondii, Candida famata, Cryptococcus laurentii, Cryptococcus humicola, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa with tolerance to high concentrations of Pb were isolated. The yeast with the best Pb tolerance result was Candida guilliermondii isolated from groundwater (piezometer sampling J1); Pb sorption was conducted with active yeast (living biomass), whereas both Pb and Cd sorption were conducted with inactive yeast (dead biomass). The results were compared with those of a reference standard yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae: the native yeast proved to have optimum behavior for the process.
How can complex graphemes be identified in German?
Authors: Reinken Niklas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The question of whether a letter is a grapheme or not is a perennial issue in writing research. The answer depends on which criteria are used to differentiate between letters and graphemes and, ultimately, how the unit ‘grapheme’ is defined. This problem is particularly relevant to complex graphemes, i.e. sequences of letters that behave like a single grapheme in certain respects. Typical for German is the ‹ch›. This paper argues for a scalar concept of graphemes, which compares the grapheme status of each of the units under investigation. For this purpose, new criteria for the identification of complex graphemes are used, which originate from handwriting analysis. There, it is shown that complex graphemes are connected with each other disproportionately often and also have deviating letter forms disproportionately often.
Extension of isometries in real Hilbert spaces
Authors: Jung Soon-Mo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to develop a theory that extends the domain of any local isometry to the whole space containing the domain, where a local isometry is an isometry between two proper subsets. In fact, the main purpose of this article consists of the following three detailed objectives: The first objective is to extend the bounded domain of any local isometry to the first-order generalized linear span. The second one is to extend the bounded domain of any local isometry to the second-order generalized linear span. The third objective of this article is to extend the bounded domain of any local isometry to the whole Hilbert space.
Pesticide soil microbial toxicity: setting the scene for a new pesticide risk assessment for soil microorganisms (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Karpouzas Dimitrios G. , Vryzas Zisis , Martin-Laurent Fabrice 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pesticides constitute an integral part of modern agriculture. However, there are still concerns about their effects on non-target organisms. To address this the European Commission has imposed a stringent regulatory scheme for new pesticide compounds. Assessment of the aquatic toxicity of pesticides is based on a range of advanced tests. This does not apply to terrestrial ecosystems, where the toxicity of pesticides on soil microorganisms, is based on an outdated and crude test (N mineralization). This regulatory gap is reinforced by the recent methodological and standardization advances in soil microbial ecology. The inclusion of such standardized tools in a revised risk assessment scheme will enable the accurate estimation of the toxicity of pesticides on soil microorganisms and on associated ecosystem services. In this review we (i) summarize recent work in the assessment of the soil microbial toxicity of pesticides and point to ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOM) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as most relevant bioindicator groups (ii) identify limitations in the experimental approaches used and propose mitigation solutions, (iii) identify scientific gaps and (iv) propose a new risk assessment procedure to assess the effects of pesticides on soil microorganisms.
Fluoride in water, health implications and plant-based remediation strategies
Authors: Maghanga Justin K. , Okello Veronica A. , Michira Justine A. , Ojwang Loice , Mati Bancy , Segor Fred K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The high prevalence of dental fluorosis and bone mineralization deficiency as a result of exposure to fluorides has increased in Kenya over the years due to consumption of water with elevated levels of fluoride. The World Health Organization (WHO) provides a guideline of 1.5 mg/L level of fluoride in drinking water. However, majority of studies carried out in Kenya over the last 40 plus years have indicated very high levels of fluoride in drinking water in various regions, with a prevalence in dental fluorosis observed in children and adults living in Rift valley and central regions due to basaltic and volcanic rocks. Unfortunately, this trend of fluoride-induced enamel changes has been observed in other regions such as Nairobi and Machakos which were originally presumed to contain low fluoride levels. This study sought to analyse the applicability of Maerua subcordata root powder (MSRP) in the removal of fluorides in borehole drinking water. Fresh Maerua subcordata roots were peeled to obtain the white flesh, chopped into small pieces, dried and ground into powder. The process parameters varied were; fluoride ion concentration [F−] (0–12 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (0–200 g/L) and equilibration time (30–240 min) [F−] were hence analysed before and after treatment using ion selective electrode (ISE) fluoride meter. Results indicated that MSRP is a viable plant in fluoride treatment with approximately 68% fluoride ion removal efficiency. An MSRP dosage of 200 g/L was found optimal in [F−] reduction while a 2 mg/L [F−] concentration recorded the highest reduction of [F−]. The optimal equilibration time was found to be 30 min. The results can be used to develop a low-cost column for treatment of high fluoride waters in rural areas using MSRP. Borehole samples were treated with MSRP using the optimized conditions; however their reduction levels were lower than the [F−] standards used. It is envisaged that with further modification and/or doping with zero-valent iron nanoparticles, it’s efficiency will be improved.
The AhR‐SRC axis as a therapeutic vulnerability in BRAFi‐resistant melanoma
Authors: Paris Anaïs , Tardif Nina , Baietti Francesca M , Berra Cyrille , Leclair Héloïse M , Leucci Eleonora , Galibert Marie‐Dominique , Corre Sébastien 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe nongenetic mechanisms required to control tumor phenotypic plasticity and shape drug‐resistance remain unclear. We show here that the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) transcription factor directly regulates the gene expression program associated with the acquisition of resistance to BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) in melanoma. In addition, we show in melanoma cells that canonical activation of AhR mediates the activation of the SRC pathway and promotes the acquisition of an invasive and aggressive resistant phenotype to front‐line BRAFi treatment in melanoma. This nongenetic reprogramming identifies a clinically compatible approach to reverse BRAFi resistance in melanoma. Using a preclinical BRAFi‐resistant PDX melanoma model, we demonstrate that SRC inhibition with dasatinib significantly re‐sensitizes melanoma cells to BRAFi. Together we identify the AhR/SRC axis as a new therapeutic vulnerability to trigger resistance and warrant the introduction of SRC inhibitors during the course of the treatment in combination with front‐line therapeutics to delay BRAFi resistance.
How to handle the administrative violations in the Election? A Discourse of Characteristic of Bawaslu Verdict
Authors: Yoga Luthfi Dwi 
Published: October 2022

One of the impacts of strengthening the Election Supervisory Body (Bawaslu)’s authorityfrom the central level to Regency/City level in handling election administrative violations is to guarantee thecertainty of law for the justice seekers. This is based on the authority to examine and decide on allegations of handling election administrative violations. The authority to handle this violation is based on the Article 461 paragraph (1) of Law Number 7 of 2017 about Election. Bythe authority, Bawaslu is a semi-judicial or quasi-judicial institution. The output of the handling is in the form of verdict such as court verdict in general which have final and binding power and have execution force for the ranks of the Elections Commission (KPU). This executive power can be seen in verdict that can be directly executed without having to wait or require approval from the KPU through the issuance of verdict. As a final verdict, the verdict of Bawaslu, Provincial Bawaslu and Regency/City Bawaslu also have constitutive and condemnatory characteristic nature.With these characteristics, the purpose of issuing a Bawaslu verdict is to finalizing administrative violation caseof the election. However, at the practical level, the nature of the final and binding does not apply to Provincial Bawaslu and Regency/City Bawaslu. This can be seen in the existence of legal remedies against the verdict through a request for correction to the RI Bawaslu (central).
Peran Mahasiswa dalam Mengedukasi Masyarakat Pentingnya Menjaga Lingkungan dan Gaya Hidup Sehat Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Kriswanto Hendra Dedi , Anissa Aulia Syafa , Hasdiani Tanisa 
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran mahasiswa dalam mengatasi pandemic Covid-19 dengan mengedukasi kepada masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif dengan teknik deskriptif, tekstual, file dan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Virus corona atau severe a cute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ialah virus yang menyerang system pernapasan. Penyakit ini mengacu pada penyakit yang mudah menyebar melalui udara dan permukaan mealalui tetesan udara orang yang sedang terinfeksi corona virus. Salah satu keputusan pemerintah untuk mempercepat melawan pandemic Covid-19 ialah dengan Pembatasan sosial massal atau dikenal dengan PSBB Pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat meliputi penutupan sekolah dan kantor, pembatasan kegiatan ditempat ramai atautempat umum, dan pembatasan khusus lainnya yang berkaitan dengan masalah keselamatan. Penting bagi kita untuk menjalani pola hidup bersih dan sehat, kecil kemungkinan kita akan terkena penyakit yang tidak di inginkan. Pencegahan pencemaran dan pencegahan penyakit solusi dari permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan memberikan rekomendasi tentang pentingnya perilaku hidup sehat, serta menjaga gotong royong dalam membersihkan lingkungan. Kebersihan lingkungan menjadi inti dari seluruh masyarakat Indonesia untuk meminimalisir penyebaran virus tersebut. Idealnya, mahasiswa menjadi panutan dalam masyarakat berdasarkan pengetahuan, tingkat pendidikan, norma penerapan, dan pola pikir yang berada di sekitarnya.
DIA DE SANTA SARA: IMAGEM E REPRESENTAÇÃO ESPIRITUAL E ETNO POLÍTICA DO CIGANO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Grossmann Cairus Brigitte 
Published: October 2022

Através do emprego de uma abordagem mais fluída da história oral italiana de Portelli (1988), debruço-me sobre o depoimento dos líderes Roms Mirian Stanescon (2007) e Mio Vacite (2008) para melhor compreender o surgimento e a ascensão de Santa Sara Kali no panorama cultural, espiritual e etnopolítico no Brasil contemporâneo. Através da revelação da influência de Santa Sara na construção de políticas étnicas em Brasília, Mirian oferece ricas reflexões acerca dos elos possíveis entre religiosidade e poder, enquanto Mio Vacite nos faz refletir sobre a potencial construção carismática de uma santa cigana europeia no Brasil contemporâneo, e das possíveis e necessárias negociações e transformações da ciganidade híbrida brasileira.
Caracterización físico-química y sensorial de dos variedades de arroz (Oryza sativa) durante el proceso de añejado en silo
Authors: Araya-Morice Adriana , Mora-Norori Ana Laura , Cubero-Castillo Elba , Azofeifa Alvaro , Araya-Quesada Yorleny 
Published: October 2022

Introducción. El arroz en granza una vez cosechado, se almacena en silos con aireación para control de temperatura, esto se conoce como añejado del arroz. Durante este proceso, ocurren cambios que influyen en las características físico-químicas y fisiológicas del grano, los cuales afectan su calidad culinaria. Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del tiempo de añejado sobre las características físico-químicas y sensoriales de dos variedades de arroz. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó en los laboratorios de la Facultad de Ciencias Agroalimentarias de la Universidad de Costa Rica desde setiembre 2018 a marzo 2019. Se estudiaron dos variedades de arroz, que fueron cultivadas en el cantón de Osa, Puntarenas. La primera cv. Lazarroz FL, del tipo índica, y la segunda cv. UCR-168-10, tipo aromática, almacenadas durante 4,5 meses. Durante este periodo, se determinó el contenido de almidón total, almidón resistente, amilosa, humedad, proteína y, con un panel sensorial entrenado, se evaluaron los atributos sensoriales. Resultados. Para las dos variedades estudiadas, la humedad, el almidón total y el resistente, no presentaron diferencias significativas durante los 4,5 meses de almacenamiento. En la amilosa se observaron variaciones sin tendencia clara. La proteína mostró una reducción durante el añejado hasta el mes 2,5. Según las pruebas sensoriales, atributos como sabor integral y pegajosidad, no presentan diferencias significativas a lo largo del estudio, mientras que los parámetros restantes sí, ya sea en el tiempo o entre variedades. La soltura aparente incrementó a lo largo del tiempo para las dos variedades, pero se dejó de percibir diferencias importantes a partir de los 2,5 meses de almacenamiento. Para las dos variedades el color se tornó más blanco. Conclusión. El almacenamiento de arroz por 2,5 meses permitió obtener los cambios en el contenido de proteína y en los atributos sensoriales deseados para las variedades de arroz evaluadas.