bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anteroposterior Cannulated Screw Fixation of Coronoid Fractures in Terrible Triad Injuries: A Simple Syringe‐guided Technique
Authors: Cooper Tokai B. , Luo Xiaobin , Chen Yiheng , Chen Xinglong , Yan Hede , Zhou Feiya 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe fixation of the coronoid fractures in terrible triad injuries is quite challenging. In this study, we introduce a minimally invasive technique using a syringe as a guide for insertion of the cannulated screw in an anterior to posterior fashion to fix the coronoid fracture in patients with terrible triad injuries.MethodsIn this retrospective study, clinical data of patients suffering from terrible triad injuries between 2012 and 2019 were analyzed. Fifteen patients with an average age of 38.2 years old (21–56 years) were enrolled in this study, of which 12 were males and three were females. The Regan–Morrey type II and type III coronoid fractures in these patients were treated with cannulated screws, inserted anteriorly using a 1 mL syringe as a guide. Outcome measures included pain, range of motion, stability and daily function using Mayo Elbow Performance scores (MEPs). The anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were used for evaluating a healing fracture.ResultsAfter a mean follow up of 44.2 months (range 13–80), the mean elbow flexion was 128.2°, extension was 12.3°, forearm pronation was 74.6° and supination was 73.6°. A concentric reduction was maintained without severe pain, stiffness, and radiographic evidence of instability in all patients during the follow‐up period. The mean MEPs was 89.7 points.ConclusionThe anteroposterior cannulated screw fixation via simple syringe guide is a minimally invasive and safe option for surgical treatment of coronoid fractures in terrible triad injuries.
Associations between pre‐ and postnatal antibiotic exposures and early allergic outcomes: A population‐based birth cohort study
Authors: Kelderer Fanny , Mogren Ingrid , Eriksson Catharina , Silfverdal Sven‐Arne , Domellöf Magnus , West Christina E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly life antibiotic treatment is one likely exposure influencing allergy risk. The objective was to investigate associations between pre‐ and postnatal antibiotic exposures and the development of allergic manifestations until age 18 months.MethodsWe included 1387 mother–child dyads from the prospective, population‐based NorthPop birth cohort study. Data on antibiotic exposures in pregnancy and childhood were collected by web‐based questionnaires. Until the child turned 18 months old, parents (n = 1219) reported symptoms of wheeze, eczema, and physician‐diagnosed asthma; parents (n = 1025) reported physician‐diagnosed food allergy. At age 18 months, serum immunoglobulin E levels to inhalant (Phadiatop) and food (Food mix fx5) allergens were determined. Associations were estimated using bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions.ResultsPrenatal antibiotic exposure was positively associated with food sensitization in the crude (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.01–3.26) but not in the adjusted analyses (aOR 1.58, 0.82–3.05). A borderline significant association was found between prenatal exposure and wheeze (aOR 1.56, 0.95–2.57). Postnatal antibiotics were positively associated with wheeze (aOR 2.14, 1.47–3.11), asthma (aOR 2.35, 1.32–4.19), and eczema (aOR 1.49, 1.07–2.06). Postnatal antibiotics were negatively associated with food sensitization (aOR 0.46, 95% CI 0.25–0.83) but not with food allergy nor sensitization to inhalants.ConclusionPre‐ and postnatal antibiotic exposure demonstrated positive associations with allergic manifestations and the former also with food sensitization. In contrast, there was a negative association between postnatal antibiotics and food sensitization. Food sensitization is often transient but may precede respiratory allergies. Future studies should investigate the relationship between antibiotic exposure and food sensitization later in childhood.
The emergence noise reduction quality improvement initiative to enhance patient safety and quality of care
Authors: Crockett Christy J. , Nylander Veronica E. , Wooten Elizabeth J. , Menser Carrie C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundOperating room noise levels may hinder staff communication and cause distractions for providers, endangering patient safety. Owing to concerns of unacceptable noise levels during emergence from general anesthesia, our institution developed a quality improvement project. The SMART aim of this initiative was to decrease the average decibel noise level measured during emergence from general anesthesia in our operating rooms from 65.65 to 63 decibels and the maximum decibel noise level from 81.64 to 75 decibels over approximately 3 months.MethodsA multidisciplinary team completed this project utilizing improvement science methodology from The Model for Improvement, including interventions tested via Plan–Do–Study–Act cycles. Data were measured, collected manually, and entered in an Excel spreadsheet. Data were analyzed using statistical process control methods, including a Run Chart. Our measures were the average and maximum decibel noise levels during emergence from general anesthesia.ResultsSeveral interventions were associated with a decrease in the average and maximum decibel noise levels. Interventions included educational presentations to perioperative staff; the operating room nurse taking the role of pausing any music; and the utilization of an audible and visual decibel alarm meter to sound and blink lights when the noise level is too high. During the initiative, the average (and maximum) decibel noise levels during emergence from general anesthesia in our operating rooms decreased from 65.65 (81.84) to 61.5 (76.44).ConclusionsThis improvement project was associated with a decrease in decibel noise levels during emergence. We enhanced a process and encouraged culture change at an academic pediatric hospital to enhance the safety of our care.
Summary of the worldwide available crop disease risk simulation studies that were driven by climate change scenarios and published during the past 20 years
Authors: Juroszek Peter , Bartsch Lisa , Fontaine Jean Fred , Racca Paolo , Kleinhenz Benno 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHere, published crop disease risk simulations are summarized, which were driven by climate change scenarios on a timescale terminating between 2001 and 2100. Thirty different agricultural and horticultural crops were specifically considered. Wheat diseases (mainly leaf rust) were most often simulated, followed by rice diseases (mainly leaf blast), grapevine diseases (mainly downy mildew) and potato diseases (mainly late blight). Most simulations suggest that within the projection period simulated, crop disease risk will more often increase (86 simulations) than decrease (45 simulations) or remain similar (12 simulations). The majority of crop disease risk simulations focus on Europe and Brazil. For example, there is agreement across crop disease risk simulations that in Europe the risk of leaf rust of wheat will increase. In other cases, there is disagreement across crop disease risk simulations, for example, due to contemporary climatic differences of locations. Therefore, it is risky to extrapolate results across locations. Mitigation and adaptation methods should be more often integrated in the crop disease risk simulations in order to inform about potential methods to reduce disease risk in future.
PhRHMs play important roles in leaf and flower development and anthocyanin synthesis in petunia
Authors: Sang Lina , Chen Guoju , Cao Jiahao , Liu Juanxu , Yu Yixun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnthocyanins, vital metabolites in plants, are formed by anthocyanidins combined with various monosaccharides, including glucose, rhamnose, and arabinose. Rhamnose contributes greatly to the glycosylation of anthocyanidins. There are two kinds of rhamnose synthase (RS): rhamnose biosynthesis (RHM), and nucleotide‐RS/epimerase‐reductase (UER1). Nevertheless, no RS isoform was reported to be involved in anthocyanin synthesis. Here, three homologous PhRHM genes, namely PhRHM1, PhRHM2, and PhRHM3, and one PhUER1 gene from petunia were cloned and characterized. Green fluorescent protein fusion protein assays revealed that PhRHMs and PhUER1 are localized in the cytoplasm. We obtained PhRHM1 or/and PhRHM2 or PhUER1 silenced petunia plants and did not attempt to obtain PhRHM3 silenced plants since PhRHM3 mRNA was not detected in petunia organs examined. PhRHM1 and PhRHM2 (PhRHM1‐2) silencing induced abnormal plant growth and decreased the contents of l‐rhamnose, photosynthetic pigments and total anthocyanins, while PhUER1 silencing did not cause any visible phenotypic changes. Flavonoid metabolome analysis further revealed that PhRHM1‐2 silencing reduced the contents of anthocyanins with rhamnose residue. These results revealed that PhRHMs contribute to the biosynthesis of rhamnose and that PhRHMs participate in the anthocyanin rhamnosylation in petunia, while PhUER1 does not.
Cytokinins as boron deficiency signals to sustain shoot development in boron‐efficient oilseed rape
Authors: Pommerrenig Benjamin , Faber Maximilian , Hajirezaei Mohammad‐Reza , von Wirén Nicolaus , Bienert Gerd Patrick 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBoron (B) deficiency is a highly prominent nutrient disorder. While B‐efficient accessions have recently been identified in the highly B‐demanding crop oilseed rape, it remained unclear which physiological processes underlie B efficiency and which signaling pathways trigger an efficient B‐deficiency response. Here, we compared, under three different B supply conditions, two Brassica napus accessions with contrasting B efficiency. Shoot biomass formation, B distribution patterns and metabolic dynamics of different phytohormone species were studied using a combination of mass spectrometry‐based analyses and physiological measurements. Our results show that the B‐efficient accession CR2267 does not differ from the B‐inefficient accession CR2262 in terms of B accumulation and subcellular B‐partitioning, although it displays no morphological B‐deficiency symptoms under severe B‐deficient conditions. Investigating phytohormone metabolism revealed a strong accumulation of cytokinins in CR2267 at a developmental stage when striking B‐dependent differences in biomass and organ formation emerge in the two B. napus accessions. In contrast, elevated levels of the stress hormone abscisic acid as well as bioactive auxins, representing functional antagonists of cytokinins in shoots, were detected only in CR2262. Our results indicate that superior B efficiency in CR2267 relies on a higher B utilization efficiency that builds on an earlier and higher cytokinin biosynthesis required for the maintenance of the shoot meristem activity and proper leaf development. We further conclude that an elevated abundance of cytokinins is not a consequence of better plant growth but rather a presumption for better plant growth under low‐B conditions.
Large‐scale simultaneous inference under dependence
Authors: Tian Jinjin , Chen Xu , Katsevich Eugene , Goeman Jelle , Ramdas Aaditya 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSimultaneous inference allows for the exploration of data while deciding on criteria for proclaiming discoveries. It was recently proved that all admissible post hoc inference methods for the true discoveries must employ closed testing. In this paper, we investigate efficient closed testing with local tests of a special form: thresholding a function of sums of test scores for the individual hypotheses. Under this special design, we propose a new statistic that quantifies the cost of multiplicity adjustments, and we develop fast (mostly linear‐time) algorithms for post hoc inference. Paired with recent advances in global null tests based on generalized means, our work instantiates a series of simultaneous inference methods that can handle many dependence structures and signal compositions. We provide guidance on the method choices via theoretical investigation of the conservativeness and sensitivity for different local tests, as well as simulations that find analogous behavior for local tests and full closed testing.
Unstable Osteochondral Fracture of the Talus, Osteochondritis Dissecans, and Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability in an Adolescent Athlete: A Case Report
Authors: Brooks Toby J. , Crawford Kevin , Curry Eugene E. 
Published: September 2022

A 15-year-old multisport athlete with chronic left ankle pain and instability 2 years following initial injury was diagnosed with an unstable osteochondral fracture of the lateral talar dome, osteochondritis dissecans, and lateral ligament instability. The patient underwent open surgical repair consisting of loose body excision, lateral ligament reconstruction, and talar dome debridement and microfracture followed by postoperative therapeutic exercise for 7 months. The patient successfully returned to competitive sports within a calendar year. Although not considered particularly rare among adult populations, osteochondral fracture of the talus is relatively rare in adolescents. This case demonstrates that a diagnosis of unstable osteochondral fracture and/or gross lateral ligament instability should be considered in cases involving adolescent athletes with significant ankle injury and prolonged pain and/or loss of function.
The Possibility of Studying the Processes of Interconversion of Volatile Compounds of Needles on the Basis of Static Data
Authors: Tikhonova I. V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The results of a study of the population structure of biochemical features (a large number of volatile needle terpenoids) on large samples of Scots pine trees are presented. Data were analyzed using correlation, cluster, and principal component analysis. Significant conjugation of the content of all isolated needle compounds was shown. Features of the correlation structure of terpenoids indicate that the processes of their group synthesis can be simultaneously triggered in plants. It is concluded that it is possible to use static data obtained on large samples of trees for a preliminary study of the processes of interconversions of terpenoid compounds in coniferous plants, which are characterized by high reactivity and the complexity of their study by chemical methods.
Management of concurrent aortic stenosis and pheochromocytoma
Authors: Kolyvas Peter , Ramadurai Govind , Al Hawasli Hazem , Kolyvas Chris 
Published: September 2022

A man in his mid 60s with known aortic stenosis developed progressive symptoms. Echocardiography confirmed severe calcific aortic stenosis. Further evaluation revealed an elevated white blood cell count leading to a diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. CT of the abdomen revealed a left adrenal mass, confirmed by MRI. 24-hour urine catecholamines were elevated, confirming the diagnosis of a pheochromocytoma.This case was complicated by the concurrent aortic stenosis and pheochromocytoma, requiring considerable multidisciplinary teamwork to develop a safe management strategy. A decision to perform a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with alpha and beta blockade with monitored anaesthesia care followed by laparoscopic adrenalectomy and postoperative haemodynamic control was made. A successful TAVR procedure was performed, complicated only by postoperative transient atrial tachycardia followed 6 weeks later by a laparoscopic robotic-assisted left adrenalectomy. The patient recovered fully and was discharged 2 days later.
Laser speckle contrast imaging enables perfusion monitoring of the anterior segment during strabismus surgery: a study on the horizontal rectus muscles
Authors: Engqvist Linn , Sheikh Rafi , Albinsson John , Blohmé Jonas , Lindstedt Sandra , Dahlstrand Ulf 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundA dreaded complication of strabismus surgery is anterior segment ischaemia (ASI), caused by damage to the anterior ciliary arteries. To avoid ASI, a maximum of two rectus muscles are operated on at a time. However, these surgical protocols are based on empirical observations of clinical outcome, rather than objective perfusion measurements. There is no method available for perioperative, real-time perfusion measurements during ocular muscle surgery. The aims of this study were to investigate whether laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) could be used for such measurements, and to monitor perfusion during strabismus surgery on one or two horizontal rectus muscles.MethodsForty-four eyes in 44 patients with horizontal strabismus underwent corrective surgery involving medial and/or lateral rectus muscle detachment. Perfusion in the adjacent paralimbal and iris tissue was monitored with LSCI.ResultsWhen the first horizontal rectus muscle was detached perfusion in the adjacent paralimbal tissue decreased by 23% (p<0.0001), and by 12% (p<0.0001) when the second muscle was detached. The iris perfusion decreased by 5% (p<0.05) when the first muscle was detached but showed no significant decrease as the second muscle was cut.ConclusionThis is the first study showing that perfusion of the anterior segment can be monitored non-invasively with LSCI during strabismus surgery. In this cohort, two horizontal rectus muscles were detached with only a small decrease in the anterior segment circulation. Future studies are required for complete mapping of the effect of surgery on multiple ocular muscles on the anterior segment circulation.
Systematic review of electronic health records to manage chronic conditions among displaced populations
Authors: Buford Anna , Ashworth Henry Charles , Ezzeddine Farrah Lynn , Dada Sara , Nguyen Eliza , Ebrahim Senan , Zhang Amy , Lebovic Jordan , Hamvas Lena , Prokop Larry J , Midani Sally , Chilazi Michael , Alahdab Fares 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to assess the impact of electronic health records (EHRs) on health outcomes and care of displaced people with chronic health conditions and determine barriers and facilitators to EHR implementation in displaced populations.DesignA systematic review protocol was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Systematic Reviews.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Health Technology Assessment, Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was searched from inception to 12 April 2021.Eligibility criteria for selected studiesInclusion criteria were original research articles, case reports and descriptions of EHR implementation in populations of displaced people, refugees or asylum seekers with related chronic diseases. Grey literature, reviews and research articles unrelated to chronic diseases or the care of refugees or asylum populations were excluded. Studies were assessed for risk of bias using a modified Cochrane, Newcastle-Ottawa and Joanna Briggs Institute tools.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently extracted data from each study using Covidence. Due to heterogeneity across study design and specific outcomes, a meta-analysis was not possible. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo V.12 (QSR International, Melbourne, Australia). An inductive analysis was used in order to uncover patterns and themes in the experiences, general outcomes and perceptions of EHR implementation.ResultsA total of 32 studies across nine countries were included: 14 in refugee camps/settlements and 18 in asylum countries. Our analysis suggested that EHRs improve health outcomes for chronic diseases by increasing provider adherence to guidelines or treatment algorithms, monitoring of disease indicators, patient counselling and patient adherence. In asylum countries, EHRs resource allocation to direct clinical care and public health services, as well as screening efforts. EHR implementation was facilitated by their adaptability and ability to integrate into management systems. However, barriers to EHR development, deployment and data analysis were identified in refugee settings.ConclusionOur results suggest that well-designed and integrated EHRs can be a powerful tool to improve healthcare systems and chronic disease outcomes in refugee settings. However, attention should be paid to the common barriers and facilitating actions that we have identified such as utilising a user-centred design. By implementing adaptable EHR solutions, health systems can be strengthened, providers better supported and the health of refugees improved.
Surgical and clinical efficacy of minimally invasive sacroiliac joint fusion surgery: a meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Anton Gustavo , Beladi Roxana , Lawless Michael , Yoon Elise , Tong Doris , Soo Teck M 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction has been shown to cause significant morbidity. Current treatment includes conservative management and surgical intervention. Previously published data reporting clinical and surgical outcomes reached conflicting conclusions. This protocol aims to conduct a meta-analysis to determine fusion rates and patient-reported outcomes of minimally invasive (MIS) SIJ fusions compared with conservative treatment.Methods and analysisWe drafted our protocol according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. We will search PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library, supplemented by manual search when necessary. Two independent reviewers will screen for eligibility by title/abstract, then full text, arbitrated by a third reviewer if necessary. The two reviewers will carry out a risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool for randomised controlled trial and the Methodological Index for Non-Randomised Studies tool for observational cohort studies. A third reviewer will arbitrate any disagreement. We will perform data synthesis using Review Manager (RevMan for Windows, V.5.4.1, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2020) and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (V.3.3.070). Meta-bias will be evaluated and confidence determined using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for this review will not be required as no patient data is being collected. The results of this study will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021273481.
Harmonizing multi-temporal airborne laser scanning point clouds to derive periodic annual height increments in temperate mixedwood forests
Authors: Riofrío José , White Joanne C. , Tompalski Piotr , Coops Nicholas C. , Wulder Michael A. 
Published: September 2022

When combining multi-temporal airborne laser scanning (ALS) data sets, forest height growth assessments can be compromised due to variations in ALS acquisitions. Herein, we demonstrate the importance of assessing and harmonizing the vertical alignment of multi-temporal ALS data sets used for height growth calculations. Using four ALS acquisitions (2005–2018) in a temperate mixedwood forest, we developed an ALS data harmonization approach and quantified the impact of the harmonization on derived height periodic annual increment (PAI), comparing the ALS-derived PAI to PAI derived from non-harmonized ALS data sets and field measurements. We found significant differences in PAI derived from harmonized and non-harmonized data, and these differences were greater for shorter growth intervals. Data harmonization resulted in a consistent PAI series that reduced uncertainties associated with the different ALS acquisitions. Although overall there was a strong relationship between field and ALS height measures ( R2 ≥ 0.88), we found a weak relationship between the field- and ALS-derived PAI ( R2 = 0.12). We identified systematic errors in field-based tree height measures in plots with complex crowns, tall trees, and restricted visibility. We demonstrate the need for harmonizing multi-temporal ALS data sets for the generation of PAI and, likewise, highlight the need of carefully scrutinize field-measured heights and associated increments.