bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short Communication: Supplementation with calcium butyrate causes an increase in the percentage of oxidative fibers in equine gluteus medius muscle
Authors: Busse Nicolas I , Gonzalez Madison L , Wagner Ashley L , Johnson Sally E 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Optimal athletic performance requires meeting the energetic demands of the muscle fibers, which are a function of myosin ATPase enzymatic activity. Skeletal muscle with a predominant oxidative metabolism underlies equine athletic success. Sodium butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid, can affect muscle fiber composition in pigs. To determine if a similar scenario exists in horses, 12 adult Thoroughbred geldings (7.4 ± 0.6 yr of age; mean ± SEM) were fed 16 g of calcium butyrate (CB) or an equivalent amount of carrier (CON) daily for 30 d in a crossover design. Middle gluteal muscle biopsies were collected before and after the feeding trial for immunohistochemical determination of fiber type, and RNA and protein isolation. After 30 d, CB increased (P &lt; 0.05) the percentage of type IIA fibers and tended (P = 0.13) to reduce the numbers of type IIX fibers in comparison to control (CON). No changes (P &gt; 0.05) in type I, IIA, or IIX fiber size were observed in response to CB. No differences (P &gt; 0.05) were noted in the abundance of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) protein or activity between horses receiving CB or CON. Myogenin mRNA abundance was unaffected (P &gt; 0.05) by 30 d of CB supplementation. The increase in type IIA fibers in the absence of altered mitochondrial SDH enzymatic activity suggests that CB affects myosin ATPase expression independent of altered metabolism.
Primary myoblasts from intrauterine growth-restricted fetal sheep exhibit intrinsic dysfunction of proliferation and differentiation that coincides with enrichment of inflammatory cytokine signaling pathways
Authors: Posont Robert J , Most Micah S , Cadaret Caitlin N , Marks-Nelson Eileen S , Beede Kristin A , Limesand Sean W , Schmidt Ty B , Petersen Jessica L , Yates Dustin T 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is linked to lifelong reductions in muscle mass due to intrinsic functional deficits in myoblasts, but the mechanisms underlying these deficits are not known. Our objective was to determine if the deficits were associated with changes in inflammatory and adrenergic regulation of IUGR myoblasts, as was previously observed in IUGR muscle. Primary myoblasts were isolated from IUGR fetal sheep produced by hyperthermia-induced placental insufficiency (PI-IUGR; n = 9) and their controls (n = 9) and from IUGR fetal sheep produced by maternofetal inflammation (MI-IUGR; n = 6) and their controls (n = 7). Proliferation rates were less (P &lt; 0.05) for PI-IUGR myoblasts than their controls and were not affected by incubation with IL-6, TNF-α, norepinephrine, or insulin. IκB kinase inhibition reduced (P &lt; 0.05) proliferation of control myoblasts modestly in basal media but substantially in TNF-α-added media and reduced (P &lt; 0.05) PI-IUGR myoblast proliferation substantially in basal and TNF-α-added media. Proliferation was greater (P &lt; 0.05) for MI-IUGR myoblasts than their controls and was not affected by incubation with TNF-α. Insulin increased (P &lt; 0.05) proliferation in both MI-IUGR and control myoblasts. After 72-h differentiation, fewer (P &lt; 0.05) PI-IUGR myoblasts were myogenin+ than controls in basal and IL-6 added media but not TNF-α-added media. Fewer (P &lt; 0.05) PI-IUGR myoblasts were desmin+ than controls in basal media only. Incubation with norepinephrine did not affect myogenin+ or desmin+ percentages, but insulin increased (P &lt; 0.05) both markers in control and PI-IUGR myoblasts. After 96-h differentiation, fewer (P &lt; 0.05) MI-IUGR myoblasts were myogenin+ and desmin+ than controls regardless of media, although TNF-α reduced (P &lt; 0.05) desmin+ myoblasts for both groups. Differentiated PI-IUGR myoblasts had greater (P &lt; 0.05) TNFR1, ULK2, and TNF-α-stimulated TLR4 gene expression, and PI-IUGR semitendinosus muscle had greater (P &lt; 0.05) TNFR1 and IL6 gene expression, greater (P &lt; 0.05) c-Fos protein, and less (P &lt; 0.05) IκBα protein. Differentiated MI-IUGR myoblasts had greater (P &lt; 0.05) TNFR1 and IL6R gene expression, tended to have greater (P = 0.07) ULK2 gene expression, and had greater (P &lt; 0.05) β-catenin protein and TNF-α-stimulated phosphorylation of NFκB. We conclude that these enriched components of TNF-α/TNFR1/NFκB and other inflammatory pathways in IUGR myoblasts contribute to their dysfunction and help explain impaired muscle growth in the IUGR fetus.
Effects of in ovo injection of nicotinamide riboside on high-yield broiler myogenesis
Authors: Xu Xiaoxing , Alcocer Hanna M , Gravely Morgan E , Jackson Ashunti R , Gonzalez John M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of in ovo injection of high-yield broiler embryos with nicotinamide riboside (NR) on pectoralis major muscle (PMM) development, growth, and gene expression. Fertilized Cobb 700 broiler eggs were randomly assigned to one of four treatments within a 2 × 2 factorial design. Factor 1 consisted of NR dose (DOS) with eggs receiving 0 or 2.5 mM NR. Factor 2 consisted of injection location (LOC), with treatments injected into either the yolk sac or albumen. At day 10 of incubation, 100 μL of the assigned NR dose was injected into the yolk sac of the developing embryo and chicks were euthanized within 24 h of hatching. Chick PMM and individual fiber morphometrics, and expression of genes associated with cell cycle progression were analyzed. There were DOS × LOC interactions for hatched chick PM weight and length (P &lt; 0.04). When NR was injected into the albumen, PMM weight decreased (P &lt; 0.05); when NR was injected into the yolk, PMM weight increased (P &lt; 0.05). Pectoralis major length was not affected (P &gt; 0.05) when NR was injected into the albumen but was increased (P &lt; 0.05) when NR was injected into the yolk. There was a DOS × LOC interaction (P = 0.04) for muscle fiber density and tended to be a DOS × LOC interaction (P = 0.07) for muscle fiber CSA. Pectoralis major muscle fiber density was not affected when NR was injected into the albumen (P &gt; 0.05), but density increased when NR was injected into the yolk (P &lt; 0.05). There were DOS × LOC interactions for hatched chick COXII, cyclin D, and SIRT1 expression (P ≤ 0.04), which may indicate NR improves skeletal muscle development and growth by enhancing myoblast proliferation during embryonic development.
Inactivation rate of African swine fever virus by a formaldehyde-based product
Authors: Le Van Phan , Trinh Thi Bich Ngoc , Nguyen Van Tam , Nguyen Thi Lan , Nuanualsuwan Suphachai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is an important transboundary animal disease with a high mortality rate. The high African swine fever virus (ASFV) titers in the excretion of infected wild boar possibly contaminate the feed ingredient. Once contaminated, it could support persistent residual titer of the ASFV. The chemical inactivation of imported feed ingredients is a precautionary risk management measure to restrict the import risk of ASFV through international trade. The log ASFV titers were linearly reduced as a function of the inactivation time after exposure to 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% formaldehyde-based product (FBP). A four-log reduction of ASFV titer was achieved after exposure to 0.2% FBP and 0.03%–0.1% FBP for 30-min and 60-min inactivation times, respectively. The decimal reduction time or D value is defined as the time required to inactivate the virus titer by 1 log. The ASFV inactivation rate from the independent experiment of FBP concentration was converted to a D value. The observed mean D0.2%, D0.1%, D0.05%, and D0.03% of FBP were 13.4, 44.9, 45.0, and 45.3 min per log reduction of ASFV, respectively. The interpretation of D0.2% of FBP is that the ASFV titer is inactivated by 1 log after being exposed to 0.2% FBP for every 13.4 min. A more effective chemical has a lower D value because of a shorter inactivation time required to achieve the same 1-log reduction. In addition, the hypothetical inactivation time by any chemical additive is scenario-specific and is calculated by the product of D value (at a certain concentration) and log titers of residual ASFV. This study introduces the concept and application of the D value to compare the virucidal activity of chemicals and to determine the hypothetical inactivation time of chemicals depending on the chemical concentration including the virus titer in the feed.
Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses revealed the improved growth, lipid metabolism, and flesh quality of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) by dietary Eucommia ulmoides bark and leaf supplementation
Authors: Yang Hang , Xu Zhen , Xu Xiaoying , Rahman Mohammad Mizanur , Li Xiaoqin , Leng Xiangjun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the dietary effects of Eucommia ulmoides bark and leaf (EB, EL) supplementation on the growth, lipid metabolism, flesh quality, and transcriptome of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). EB and EL were individually added to the basal diet (control) at concentrations of 20 g/kg and 40 g/kg, respectively, and then the three diets were fed to grass carp (59.7 ± 0.3 g) for 60 d. The results showed that the weight gain was improved, and the feed conversion ratio was decreased by supplementation with EB and EL (P &lt; 0.05). Compared to the control, the EB and EL groups showed higher flesh hardness; water-holding capacity; and collagen, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFAs) contents and lower mesenteric lipid and muscle crude lipid contents (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, dietary EB and EL supplementation increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and decreased the contents of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl in flesh (P &lt; 0.05). In muscle transcriptome profiling, a total of 979, 1980 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and 29, 199 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 13, 39 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were significantly enriched in the EB and EL groups, respectively. Some key pathways and genes involved in promoting growth, lipid metabolism and flesh quality were obtained, including mTOR and PPAR signaling pathways, muscle cytoskeleton- and extracellular matrix-related genes (myosin and collagen), etc. Overall, dietary EB and EL supplementation improved the growth, lipid metabolism, and flesh quality of grass carp, and several potential pathways and genes were identified behind the improvement mechanism of EB and EL supplementation.
Fertility implications of family-based regularizations
Authors: Amuedo-Dorantes Catalina , Borra Cristina , Rivera-Garrido Noelia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe examine the fertility impact of a family-based regularization policy granting temporary legal status to unauthorized immigrants based on their offspring’s citizenship. The policy, enacted through a 2011 Royal Decree in Spain, allows for unauthorized parents of eligible nationalities to become temporary legal residents if they have a Spanish minor. Using data from the Spanish Labor Force Survey (2007–2016), along with a quasi-experimental approach that exploits the change in legal residency eligibility requirements, we show that the policy has significantly increased the childbearing likelihood of eligible mothers, even though the overall increase in fertility nationwide remains trivial.
Five Years of Surveillance for Tularemia Serovar B (Francisella tularensis holarctica) (Olsufjev) (Thiotrichales: Francisellaceae) Including Two Human Cases at an Endemic Site in San Mateo County, California
Authors: Roth Tara M , Crews Arielle , Nakano Angie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Tularemia is a highly infectious, potentially fatal disease of humans and animals caused by the gram negative, intracellular bacterium Francisella tularensis. The San Mateo County Mosquito and Vector Control District conducted surveillance for F. tularensis from 2017 to 2021 in Dermacentor occidentalis (Marx) (Ixodida: Ixodidae), D. variabilis (Say) (Ixodida: Ixodidae), and Haemaphysalis leporispalustris (Packard) (Ixodida: Ixodidae) ticks in coastal southwestern San Mateo County, California. A total of 3,021 D. occidentalis and 1,019 D. variabilis were collected. Of those, 25 positive pools of F. tularensis were detected (five ticks per pool, overall minimum infection prevalence: 0.62%). Twenty-two of the 25 positive pools (88%) contained D. occidentalis. Eighty-eight percent (88%) of all positive pools were collected from the western half of the site, nearest to the ocean. We did not detect a seasonal effect on the probability of detecting a positive tick pool. There were two human cases of tularemia during the summers of 2019 and 2021. We conducted rodent surveillance in June of 2019, before the human case report. Twenty-four small mammals were collected, but none of their sera tested positive for F. tularensis. It is clear that tularemia is endemic to this region of San Mateo County, but the extent of its range and its ecology is not currently well understood.
Life-threatening complication due to double-J stent: renal subcapsular hematoma
Authors: Rahoui Moez , Ouanes Yassine , Chaker Kays , Dali Kheireddine Mrad , Bibi Mokhtar , Sellami Ahmed , Rhouma Sami Ben , Nouira Yassine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The double-J ureteral stent is a standard procedure in daily urological practice. Although considered as safe, this approach is fraught with several complications. These complications are of limited severity and resolve with symptomatic treatment. In some cases, serious and life-threatening complications, such as infection and subcapsular hematoma, can occur. In the literature, a few cases of subcapsular renal hematoma secondary to ureteral stent insertion have been reported. Herein, we report a case of renal subcapsular hematoma combined with hemorrhagic shock in a 67-year-old patient who had a ureteral stent insertion one month ago.
Case report: caught by the pill cam…literally
Authors: Goto Dylan S , Wai Christina J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Small bowel obstructions are a common general surgery occurrence. In a patient with prior abdominal surgeries, the usual diagnosis is secondary to adhesions. The management is typically conservative, which usually avoids operative intervention. Computed tomography (CT) scans help diagnosticians take a snapshot inside the abdomen; however, CT scans are not perfect and intra-abdominal pathologies can be missed requiring surgery. We present a case of an atypical small bowel obstruction. The initial CT scan showed a transition point in the right lower quadrant, which was managed non-operatively. One week later, the patient then re-presented with hematochezia following an outpatient pill cam procedure. Imaging showed the presence of a new small bowel mass, which was not seen on imaging done 1 week ago or from 10 months prior. He was then taken for a diagnostic laparoscopy, in which a small bowel mass was found, pathology positive for recurrent renal cell carcinoma.
Splenic flexure volvulus: a rare case report
Authors: Umbu Landry , Muttana Swathi , Best Karimah , Kamagate Nadia , DeVito Peter 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Colonic volvulus, where the colon twists around its mesentery, commonly occurs in the sigmoid and cecum. However, colonic volvulus of the splenic flexure is quite rare. Reported cases are limited but suggest that prolonged constipation in patients with either congenital anomalies, history of prior abdominal surgery, and or psychiatric history are described as common risk factors for large bowel volvulus. Here, we discuss a case of a 56-year-old man with a history of chronic constipation and no previous abdominal surgeries who presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and distention. Further workup including a computed tomography imaging and decompressive via limited colonoscopy confirmed diagnosis of colonic volvulus of the splenic flexure. Surgical management of colonic volvulus is patient specific but invariably involves partial colectomy, as was performed in this case.
Surgical treatment of bony nasal airway stenosis in a patient with adult Crouzon’s syndrome
Authors: Kamikonya Tatsuhiko , Inokuchi Go , Tatehara Shun , Yui Mitsuko , Nibu Ken-ichi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Crouzon’s syndrome is associated with the respiratory impairment of the upper airway due to mid-facial hypoplasia. We managed an adult Crouzon patient who wanted us to treat his choanal and nasopharyngeal stenosis for obstructive sleep apnea relief and tracheostomy tube extubation. We drilled out the abnormal maxillary bone and created a new nasal passage to the pharynx. Epithelialization of the new nasal cavity was completed within a month, and the patient was able to breathe through the nose and his sense of smell improved somewhat after the surgery. Although the apnea-hypopnea index had decreased, sleep apnea remained.
Experience with Ontario’s Parenting Plan Guide and Template
Authors: Birnbaum Rachel , Bala Nicholas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Detailed, voluntary parenting plans are being increasing used in many jurisdictions. In conjunction with legislative reforms that came into effect in Canada in 2021 and specifically provide for parenting plans in place of traditional custody and access orders, the Ontario Chapter of the Association of Family and Conciliation Courts (AFCC-O) tasked a multidisciplinary group to prepare materials to assist professionals and parents in making parenting plans, including providing developmentally appropriate advice about parenting time schedules. This research project involved surveys and interviews with a total of 103 participants (lawyers, judges, mediators, mental health professionals, and parents) about their experiences with parenting plans and the AFCC-O materials. The use of parenting plans has increased as a result of the legislative changes, new resources to assist in making plans, and the accompanying professional education programmes. Professionals and parents appreciate having access to the type of jurisdictionally specific resource materials prepared by multidisciplinary groups, and judges have made significant use of these materials. The materials are especially useful for parents who have access to appropriate professional support and who have good literacy skills, and for lower conflict cases. It is, however, clear that the parenting plan materials have limitations, and in particular these resources have limited utility for self-represented litigants and cannot help in resolving higher conflict cases and those cases where family violence exists.
Reflexive combinatory algebras
Authors: Gijzen Marlou M , Ishihara Hajime , Kawai Tatsuji 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We introduce the notion of reflexivity for combinatory algebras. Reflexivity can be thought of as an equational counterpart of the Meyer–Scott axiom of combinatory models, which indeed allows us to characterize an equationally definable counterpart of combinatory models. This new structure, called strongly reflexive combinatory algebra, admits a finite axiomatization with seven closed equations, and the structure is shown to be exactly the retract of combinatory models. Lambda algebras can be characterized as strongly reflexive combinatory algebras that are stable. Moreover, there is a canonical construction of a lambda algebra from a strongly reflexive combinatory algebra. The resulting axiomatization of lambda algebras by the seven axioms for strong reflexivity together with those for stability is shown to correspond to the axiomatization of lambda algebras due to Selinger (2002, J. Funct. Program., 12, 549–566).
Cluster-independent marker feature identification from single-cell omics data using SEMITONES
Authors: Vlot Anna Hendrika Cornelia , Maghsudi Setareh , Ohler Uwe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Identification of cell identity markers is an essential step in single-cell omics data analysis. Current marker identification strategies typically rely on cluster assignments of cells. However, cluster assignment, particularly for developmental data, is nontrivial, potentially arbitrary, and commonly relies on prior knowledge. In response, we present SEMITONES, a principled method for cluster-free marker identification. We showcase and evaluate its application for marker gene and regulatory region identification from single-cell data of the human haematopoietic system. Additionally, we illustrate its application to spatial transcriptomics data and show how SEMITONES can be used for the annotation of cells given known marker genes. Using several simulated and curated data sets, we demonstrate that SEMITONES qualitatively and quantitatively outperforms existing methods for the retrieval of cell identity markers from single-cell omics data.
Validity and reliability of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) using computerized adaptive testing in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease
Authors: van der Willik Esmee M , van Breda Fenna , van Jaarsveld Brigit C , van de Putte Marlon , Jetten Isabelle W , Dekker Friedo W , Meuleman Yvette , van Ittersum Frans J , Terwee Caroline B 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) has been recommended for computerized adaptive testing (CAT) of health-related quality of life. This study compared the content, validity, and reliability of seven PROMIS CATs to the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease.

Methods
Adult patients with chronic kidney disease and an estimated glomerular filtration rate under 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 who were not receiving dialysis treatment completed seven PROMIS CATs (assessing physical function, pain interference, fatigue, sleep disturbance, anxiety, depression, and the ability to participate in social roles and activities), the SF-12, and the PROMIS Pain Intensity single item and Dialysis Symptom Index at inclusion and 2 weeks. A content comparison was performed between PROMIS CATs and the SF-12. Construct validity of PROMIS CATs was assessed using Pearson's correlations. We assessed the test-retest reliability of all patient-reported outcome measures by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient and minimal detectable change.

Results
In total, 207 patients participated in the study. A median of 45 items (10 minutes) were completed for PROMIS CATs. All PROMIS CATs showed evidence of sufficient construct validity. PROMIS CATs, most SF-12 domains and summary scores, and Dialysis Symptom Index showed sufficient test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient ≥ 0.70). PROMIS CATs had a lower minimal detectable change compared with the SF-12 (range, 5.7–7.4 compared with 11.3–21.7 across domains, respectively).

Conclusion
PROMIS CATs showed sufficient construct validity and test-retest reliability in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. PROMIS CATs required more items but showed better reliability than the SF-12. Future research is needed to investigate the feasibility of PROMIS CATs for routine nephrology care.