bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of root hairs on microscale soil physical properties in the field
Authors: Marin M. , Hallett P. D. , Feeney D. S. , Brown L. K. , Naveed M. , Koebernick N. , Ruiz S. , Bengough A. G. , Roose T. , George T. S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aims
Recent laboratory studies revealed that root hairs may alter soil physical behaviour, influencing soil porosity and water retention on the small scale. However, the results are not consistent, and it is not known if structural changes at the small-scale have impacts at larger scales. Therefore, we evaluated the potential effects of root hairs on soil hydro-mechanical properties in the field using rhizosphere-scale physical measurements.

Methods
Changes in soil water retention properties as well as mechanical and hydraulic characteristics were monitored in both silt loam and sandy loam soils. Measurements were taken from plant establishment to harvesting in field trials, comparing three barley genotypes representing distinct phenotypic categories in relation to root hair length. Soil hardness and elasticity were measured using a 3-mm-diameter spherical indenter, while water sorptivity and repellency were measured using a miniaturized infiltrometer with a 0.4-mm tip radius.

Results
Over the growing season, plants induced changes in the soil water retention properties, with the plant available water increasing by 21%. Both soil hardness (P = 0.031) and elasticity (P = 0.048) decreased significantly in the presence of root hairs in silt loam soil, by 50% and 36%, respectively. Root hairs also led to significantly smaller water repellency (P = 0.007) in sandy loam soil vegetated with the hairy genotype (-49%) compared to the hairless mutant.

Conclusions
Breeding of cash crops for improved soil conditions could be achieved by selecting root phenotypes that ameliorate soil physical properties and therefore contribute to increased soil health.
Advanced encryption schemes in multi-tier heterogeneous internet of things: taxonomy, capabilities, and objectives
Authors: Alagheband Mahdi R. , Mashatan Atefeh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is increasingly becoming widespread in different areas such as healthcare, transportation, and manufacturing. IoT networks comprise many diverse entities, including smart small devices for capturing sensitive information, which may be attainable targets for malicious parties. Thus security and privacy are of utmost importance. To protect the confidentiality of data handled by IoT devices, conventional cryptographic primitives have generally been used in various IoT security solutions. While these primitives provide just an acceptable level of security, they typically neither preserve privacy nor support advanced functionalities. Also, they overly count on trusted third parties because of some limitations by design. This multidisciplinary survey paper connects the dots and explains how some advanced cryptosystems can achieve ambitious goals. We begin by describing a multi-tiered heterogeneous IoT architecture that supports the cloud, edge, fog, and blockchain technologies and assumptions and capabilities for each layer. We then elucidate advanced encryption primitives, namely wildcarded, break-glass, proxy re-encryption, and registration-based encryption schemes, as well as IoT-friendly cryptographic accumulators. Our paper illustrates how they can augment the features mentioned above while simultaneously satisfying the architectural IoT requirements. We provide comparison tables and diverse IoT-based use cases for each advanced cryptosystem as well as a guideline for selecting the best one in different scenarios and depict how they can be integrated.
An empirical assessment of electricity consumption and environmental degradation in the presence of economic complexities
Authors: Satrovic Elma , Adedoyin Festus Fatai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo a large extent, the theories and concepts behind the effect of ecological footprint have been the paramount concern of the recent literature. Since the rising and falling of environmental degradation have been a continuous issue since the first phase of development, determinants such as economic complexity may play a critical role in achieving long-term sustainable development in the framework of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) paradigm. Therefore, this research expands on the notion of an EKC paradigm for the world’s top ten most complex economies by considering four variables, such as real GDP per capita, electricity consumption, trade openness, and a new putative factor of environmental obstacle, the economic complexity index (ECI). This is one of the first studies to look at the impact of ECI on the ecological footprint of a specific sample from 1998 to 2017. The findings demonstrate a continuous inverted U-shaped link between real GDP per capita, the square of real GDP per capita, and ecological footprint. The EKC hypothesis is found to be valid in the long term in the examined complex economies. The findings of the panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) of the pooled mean group (PMG) and fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) estimations demonstrate that in the long term, electric power usage contributed to the carbon footprints. Furthermore, the economic complexity index and trade openness increase environmental performance over time. To determine if there is causation between the variables, we employ the panel vector error correction model (VECM) framework. Particularly, the results show unidirectional causality running from electric power consumption to ecological footprint and bidirectional causal relationship between (1) economic growth and ecological footprint; (2) square of economic growth and ecological footprint; (3) economic complexity index and ecological footprint; and (4) trade openness and ecological footprint.
Customer relationship management and its impact on entrepreneurial marketing: a literature review
Authors: Guerola-Navarro Vicente , Gil-Gomez Hermenegildo , Oltra-Badenes Raul , Soto-Acosta Pedro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEntrepreneurship is one of the business forces with the greatest power to transform today's society, due to its ability to discover and take advantage of new opportunities to satisfy customer new and changing needs and expectations. Customer relationship management (CRM) has proved to be both a highly influential business management strategy and a powerful business management technology solution, with a particularly relevant impact in the area of entrepreneurship. CRM has helped drive growth and future expectations and has had excellent results in terms of return on investment wherever it has been implemented. An exhaustive review of previously published findings in a specific subject area can uncover new lines of research. This paper uses semi-systematic review to the study of the reality of the link between CRM and entrepreneurial marketing in business. This approach is used to comprehensively describe the state of the art of the impact that CRM can have in the modern business environment, through the empowerment of entrepreneurial marketing. In a structured manner, the present paper reviews the 86 most relevant studies of how CRM affects entrepreneurial marketing policy development through its alignment with relationship marketing and customer-centric business models. The growing use of CRM in companies is one of the pillars of technological and social change in entrepreneurship, being a clear example of how big data can benefit society. The study focuses on the period from 2015 to 2019.
Exit or Voice? Behavioral Implications of Electoral-Integrity Beliefs in Germany
Authors: Schnaudt Christian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFree and fair elections are the cornerstone of representative democracy. In recent years, however, elections in many advanced democracies have increasingly come under attack by populist actors and rhetoric questioning the integrity of the electoral process. While scholarly attention has so far largely focused on expert surveys measuring and documenting the objective integrity of different elections, a thorough understanding of citizens’ electoral-integrity beliefs and their implications for political behavior is still lacking. Against this background, the present study investigates the impact of electoral-integrity beliefs on citizens’ political behavior in Germany. Specifically, the study aims to assess the influence of electoral-integrity perceptions on turnout, vote choice, and nonelectoral (institutionalized and noninstitutionalized) political participation in the offline and online spheres. The study’s preregistered empirical analysis based on the preelection survey of the 2021 German Longitudinal Election Study shows that electoral-integrity beliefs entail clear implications for citizens’ turnout and vote choice, while their influence on nonelectoral behavior is contingent upon the specific type and sphere of political participation. These findings provide novel insights on the behavioral implications of electoral-integrity beliefs and extend the (scarce) findings of previous research to (1) a broader political action repertoire as well as (2) the German context. The empirical evidence generated comes with far-reaching implications for the general viability of modern democracies, suggesting that the nexus between electoral-integrity beliefs and political behavior can be a “triple penalty” or a “double corrective” for representative democracy.
Scaling up the Two-Stage Countercurrent Extraction of Oil and Protein from Green Coffee Beans: Impact of Proteolysis on Extractability, Protein Functionality, and Oil Recovery
Authors: Almeida Flávia Souza , Dias Fernanda Furlan Gonçalves , Sato Ana Carla Kawazoe , De Moura Bell Juliana Maria Leite Nobrega 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGreen coffee processing has been hindered by low oil extraction yields from mechanical pressing and the need of using flammable and hazardous solvents for defatting the protein-rich cake before subsequent protein extraction. To replace the use of flammable solvents and enable the simultaneous extraction of lipids and proteins from green coffee beans at reduced water usage, a multistage countercurrent extraction process was scaled up from 0.05 to 1.14 kg and evaluated regarding protein and oil extractability, physicochemical and functional properties of the extracted protein, and oil recovery. Enzymatic extraction increased protein extractability by ~13% while achieving similar oil extractability when not using enzymes (55%). Proteolysis resulted in the release of smaller proteins with reduced surface hydrophobicity and higher solubility at acidic pH (3.0–5.0). The physicochemical changes observed due to proteolysis resulted in the formation of emulsions with reduced resistance against enzymatic and chemical demulsification strategies, enhancing the recovery of the extracted oil (48.6–51.0%). Proteolysis did not alter the high in vitro digestibility of green coffee proteins (up to 99%) or their emulsifying properties at most pH values evaluated. However, proteolysis did reduce the foaming properties of the hydrolysates compared with larger molecular weight proteins. These findings revealed the impact of extraction conditions on the extractability and structural modifications altering the functionality of green coffee proteins and the synergistic impact of extraction and demulsification strategies on the recovery of the extracted oil, paving the way for the development of structure–function processes to effectively produce green coffee proteins with desired functionality.
Leveraging Bioprocessing Strategies to Achieve the Simultaneous Extraction of Full-Fat Chickpea Flour Macronutrients and Enhance Protein and Carbohydrate Functionality
Authors: Machida Kazunori , Huang Yu-Ping , Furlan Gonçalves Dias Fernanda , Barile Daniela , Leite Nobrega de Moura Bell Juliana Maria 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe concurrent extraction of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates can be achieved by aqueous and enzymatic extraction processes, circumventing the low extractability by mechanical pressing and the use of flammable solvents. The use of alkaline protease, preceded or not by carbohydrase pretreatments, was evaluated on the extractability of oil, protein, and carbohydrates from full-fat chickpea flour and protein functionality. Enzymatic extraction increased oil and protein extractability from 49.8 to 72.0–77.1% and 62.8 to 83.5–86.1%, respectively. Although the carbohydrase pretreatments before the addition of protease did not increase oil and protein extractability, the carbohydrate content of the extracts increased from 7.68 to 9.17−9.33 mg/mL, accompanied by the release of new oligosaccharides in the extracts, as revealed by LC–MS/MS characterization. Enzymatic extraction yielded proteins with significantly higher solubility (25.6 vs. 68.2–73.6%) and digestibility (83.8 vs. 90.79–94.67%). Treatment of the extracts with α-galactosidase completely removed the flatulence-causing oligosaccharides (stachyose and raffinose). This study highlights the effectiveness of environmentally friendly bioprocessing strategies to maximize lipid, protein, and oligosaccharide extractability from full-fat chickpea flour with concurrent improvements in protein solubility and in vitro digestibility, reduction of flatulence related oligosaccharides, and generation of a more diverse pool of oligosaccharides for subsequent prebiotic evaluation.
Graphical abstract
Note on the polyhedral description of the Minkowski sum of two L-convex sets
Authors: Moriguchi Satoko , Murota Kazuo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractL-convex sets are one of the most fundamental concepts in discrete convex analysis. Furthermore, the Minkowski sum of two L-convex sets, called L$$_{2}$$

2

-convex sets, is an intriguing object that is closely related to polymatroid intersection. This paper reveals the polyhedral description of an L$$_{2}$$

2

-convex set, together with the observation that the convex hull of an L$$_{2}$$

2

-convex set is a box-TDI polyhedron. Two different proofs are given for the polyhedral description. The first is a structural short proof, relying on the conjugacy theorem in discrete convex analysis, and the second is a direct algebraic proof, based on Fourier–Motzkin elimination. The obtained results admit natural graph representations. Implications of the obtained results in discrete convex analysis are also discussed.
Is Problematic Internet and Smartphone Use Related to Poorer Quality of Life? A Systematic Review of Available Evidence and Assessment Strategies
Authors: Masaeli Nassim , Billieux Joël 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewPrevious studies have explored the links between problematic Internet use (PIU) or problematic smartphone use (PSU) and quality of life (QOL). In this systematic review, we (i) describe the instruments used to assess QOL or health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in these studies, (ii) critically examine the content validity of the instruments used, and (iii) examine the relationships between PIU, PSU, QOL, and HRQOL.Recent FindingsWe identified 17 PIU and 11 PSU studies in a systematic search. Evidence suggests that PIU and PSU negatively correlate with either QOL or HQOL and most of their domains (especially mental and physical health). Multiple instruments were used to assess QOL or HRQOL in these studies. Our analysis showed an important heterogeneity in the domains covered by these instruments.SummaryBecause of the widespread prevalence of PIU and PSU, which tend to be linked with lower QOL or HRQOL, in particular poor mental and physical health, a more systematic public health campaign is required to target the healthy use of these communication devices. Prevention programs should also target vulnerable individuals, focusing on the most affected domains of QOL and HRQOL (i.e., physical and psychological health). Among the existing instruments, the World Health Organization Quality of Life for adults and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory for adolescents (aged 13–18 years) proved to be the most relevant, although new measurement instruments are needed to target domains that are specifically relevant in the context of PIU and PSU (e.g., physical and psychological health domains such as sleep, loneliness, and quality of familial relations).
HMOX1 Genetic Polymorphisms Display Ancestral Diversity and May Be Linked to Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy
Authors: Sun Tianyanxin , Cruz Giovanna I. , Mousavi Nima , Marić Ivana , Brewer Alina , Wong Ronald J. , Aghaeepour Nima , Sayed Nazish , Wu Joseph C. , Stevenson David K. , Leonard Stephanie A. , Gymrek Melissa , Winn Virginia D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRacial disparity exists for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP), which leads to disparate morbidity and mortality worldwide. The enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is encoded by HMOX1, which has genetic polymorphisms in its regulatory region that impact its expression and activity and have been associated with various diseases. However, studies of these genetic variants in HDP have been limited. The objective of this study was to examine HMOX1 as a potential genetic contributor of ancestral disparity seen in HDP. First, the 1000 Genomes Project (1 KG) phase 3 was utilized to compare the frequencies of alleles, genotypes, and estimated haplotypes of guanidine thymidine repeats (GTn; containing rs3074372) and A/T SNP (rs2071746) among females from five ancestral populations (Africa, the Americas, Europe, East Asia, and South Asia, N = 1271). Then, using genomic DNA from women with a history of HDP, we explored the possibility of HMOX1 variants predisposing women to HDP (N = 178) compared with an equivalent ancestral group from 1 KG (N = 263). Both HMOX1 variants were distributed differently across ancestries, with African women having a distinct distribution and an overall higher prevalence of the variants previously associated with lower HO-1 expression. The two HMOX1 variants display linkage disequilibrium in all but the African group, and within EUR cohort, LL and AA individuals have a higher prevalence in HDP. HMOX1 variants demonstrate ancestral differences that may contribute to racial disparity in HDP. Understanding maternal genetic contribution to HDP will help improve prediction and facilitate personalized approaches to care for HDP.
Global Well-Posedness for the 3D Axisymmetric Hall-MHD System with Horizontal Dissipation
Authors: Li Zhouyu , Cui Meiying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStudied in this paper is the Cauchy problem for the 3D incompressible Hall-MHD system with horizontal dissipation. It is shown that if the initial data is axisymmetric and the swirl component of the velocity and the magnetic vorticity are trivial, such a system is globally well-posed for the large initial data. The key is to take full advantage of the structure of the Hall-MHD system in axisymmetric case to overcome the main difficulty due to the absence of vertical dissipation.
A scoping review exploring the ‘grey area’ of suicide-related expression in later life: Developing a conceptual framework for professional engagement
Authors: Hafford-Letchfield Trish , Jain Briony , Gleeson Helen , Roesch Chloe , Ellmers Toby 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs the body of research on suicide in later life has developed, so has its vocabulary. This has generated a high level of overlap in concepts and terminology used to articulate suicide and how it might present, as well as ‘grey area’ behavioural terms that are both specific to older adults and less well-defined (e.g. ‘hastening of death’ or ‘completed life’). A better understanding of individual experiences and pathways to suicide can help to inform assessment and interventions, and increase the potential to relate any theoretical concepts to the implementation of such. Here, we adopted a scoping review to search systematically literature on specific presentation, features, circumstances and outcomes of these grey areas of suicide in later life. Fifty-three articles (quantitative, qualitative and theoretical) were reviewed. A narrative approach was used to merge and translate this body of knowledge into a new conceptual framework based on four key themes: (a) a sense of completed life or existential loneliness; (b) death thoughts, wishes and ideation; (c) death-hastening behaviour and advanced directives; and (d) self-destructive or self-injurious behaviour. We discuss the importance of integrating this understanding into current knowledge and suicide prevention strategies for older adults. Recommendations are made for unifying research with policy themes on healthy ageing, person-centredness within service provision and citizen participation.
Characteristics of Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio of InSight Seismic Data From Mars
Authors: Xiao Wanbo , Wang Yanbin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSince February 2019, the InSight mission has returned seismic and meteorological data from Mars. We conducted horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) analysis to the InSight seismic data recorded both on the lander and on the ground. Horizontal to vertical spectral ratio curves of ground data show multi‐peak characteristics at frequencies between 1 and 30 Hz with the highest peak appearing at around 11.7 Hz. The HVSR results of the Very Broad Band (VBB) and Short Period (SP) data differ greatly for frequencies over 10 Hz due to the difference in vertical component. The onboard SP data have the same highest H/V peak as the ground SP data. We conducted numerical modeling of HVSR and confirmed that the wind‐induced lander vibrations are the major sources to the InSight seismic ground motion in high frequencies. The HVSR curves of the continuous ground SEIS data show diurnal variation and are highly correlated with local meteorological conditions. The particle motions are investigated through the polarization analysis and the random decrement method. Generally, the ground motions above the self‐noise level are linearly polarized in the horizontal plane around the highest H/V peak. The damping analysis demonstrated the mechanical origins of the highest HVSR peak, while the 2.4 Hz mode is the most likely one having natural origin. Finally, most marsquake signals analyzed in this study generally highlight the 2.4 Hz trough but cause no significant change on the shape of the H/V curves. Our study explores the possible existence of natural sources in relatively high frequencies of Mars' background noise.
Atlantic Water Circulation and Properties Northwest of Svalbard During Anomalous Southerly Winds
Authors: Koenig Zoé , Meyer Amelie , Provost Christine , Sennéchael Nathalie , Sundfjord Arild , Gascard Jean‐Claude 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAtlantic Water (AW), the main source of heat and salt for the Arctic Ocean, undergoes large transformations (cooling and freshening) north of Svalbard as it flows near the surface above the Yermak Plateau (YP). In September 2017, a SeaExplorer ocean glider deployed in the West Spitsbergen Current (WSC) and recovered north of Svalbard documented the circulation and properties of the AW crossing the YP. The glider sampled the different branches of the AW flowing into the Arctic around the YP: the WSC, the Svalbard Branch (SB), the Yermak Pass Branch, and the Yermak Branch. Unusual southerly winds prevailed in summer 2017 impacting AW circulation in the region. Cold and fresh lenses of shelf‐origin waters detached from the slope in the WSC to reach their density level below the core of the AW. This resulted in cooling and freshening of the AW inflow from below. The eastward current associated with the SB was found to be weak at its usual location above the 400 m isobath, likely the result of the adjustment of the flow influenced by anomalous southerly wind conditions.