bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing Subsurface Uncertainties by Ensemble Based Methods
Authors: Ahmed Ary N. , Grunhagen Henrike , Moyano Bernardo , Andersen Charlotte Faust , Bøyum Eivind , Mohamad Radzieman , Bolandtaba Saeed Fallah , Ben Mansour Wesam , Ajala Olawale Ibrahim , Sadigov Subhi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Brage field was discovered in 1980 and started production from its Fensfjord reservoir in 1993.
The Fensfjord Fm. is a highly heterogeneous reservoir with low STOIIP density. Lack of zonal control and several drainage strategies throughout the years make production allocation and drainage history very complex. Thus, achieving a full field history match in the Fensfjord reservoir through deterministic modeling has always been a challenge.
Current STOIIP estimates indicate that there is room for several more producers. However, identification of target areas for future wells are associated with high uncertainties. Using advanced stochastic modeling and ensemble-based methods has reduced the uncertainties and thereby improved the history match quality and understanding of the reservoir.
Bayesian statistical methods have been applied to combine the structural and well path TVD uncertainties, and generate multiple realizations of the top reservoir surface, isochores and well trajectories, serving as additional history matching parameters. Based on this input, an ensemble of static models was iteratively conditioned to the dynamic data resulting in a significant improvement of the history match quality.
Sensitivity analysis have been performed to identify and breakdown the impact of the uncertain parameters on the in-place volumes.
This paper shows how the new integrated approach has increased the predictive power of the model, resulting in identification of several infill targets for future drilling campaigns.
Persistent Reservoir Management to Handle Unintended Crossflow Between Multiple Gas-Oil Zones in the Alvheim Field
Authors: Langaas Kåre , Stenvold KolbjØrn , Skjærpe Ivar , Hjellbakk Andor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
When drilling the East Kameleon structure in the Alvheim field in 2010, two pilot wells proved multiple and stacked hydrocarbon accumulations. The lower oil zone was developed in 2012 with a horizontal MLT well. When drilling the upper zone in 2014, the completion job failed, causing an undesirable zonal crossflow. A reservoir management strategy had to be established to secure long-term area development.
To mitigate undesirable crossflow across the stuck sand screens, the well was filled with cement. A new horizontal producer was subsequently drilled and successfully completed to recover the oil from the upper zone. With potential lower-upper zonal crossflow, the reservoir model was updated to analyse the reservoir management options. Three scenarios were considered regarding zonal crossflow: a) No crossflow due to a successful cement plug, b) restricted crossflow representing mud/cement impairment, and c) fully open-hole crossflow without flow restrictions.
A reservoir management strategy was established in 2015 to monitor zonal pressures and restrict upper zone production to minimize unwanted gas crossflow. Reservoir simulations showed that this was key to secure the oil recovery of the lower zone. The upper producer came on-stream with a high GOR, indicating gas crossflow according to scenario (b). From 2015 to 2020, the upper producer was choked back to low offtake rates. After five years with the lower zone oil recovery optimized, the reservoir management strategy allowed high offtake of the upper zone. Today, the upper horizontal well is one of the best oil producers in the Alvheim area, producing at a high oil rate with a declining GOR trend. The reality and the updated history matched reservoir model support scenario (b) as postulated in 2015. Analysis of recent pressure data has also strengthened the geological understanding of stratigraphical compartmentalization in this turbiditic sand deposit.
This case study can act as an example of how to establish a reservoir management strategy in a complex multiple gas-oil zonal reservoir setting. It can also provide insight into the level of formation impairment when cementing a long horizontal well with stuck sand screens.
Air quality in Germany as a contributing factor to morbidity from COVID-19
Authors: Koch Susanne , Hoffmann² Christina , Caseiro³ Alexandre , Ledebur Marie , Menk Mario , von Schneidemesser³ Erika 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been spreading in Germany since January 2020, with regional differences in incidence, morbidity, and mortality. Long-term exposure to air pollutants as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen monoxide (NO), ozone (O3), and particulate matter (<10µm PM10, < 2.5µm PM2.5,) has a negative impact on respiratory functions. We analyze the association between long-term air pollution and the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Germany.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Germany on county-level, investigating the association between long-term (2010-2019) air pollutant exposure and COVID-19 incidence, morbidity, and mortality rate during the first outbreak of SARS-CoV-2. We used negative binominal models, including adjustment for risk factors (age, sex, days since first COVID-19 case, population density, socio-economic and health parameters). Results: After adjustment for risk factors in the tri-pollutant model (NO2, O3, PM2.5) an increase of 1µg/m³ NO2 was associated with an increase of the need for intensive care due to COVID-19 by 4.2% (95% CI 1.011–1.074), and mechanical ventilation by 4.6% (95% CI 1.010–1.084). A tendency towards an association of NO2 with COVID-19 incidence was indicated, as the results were just outside of the defined statistical significance (+1.6% (95% CI 1.000 -1.032)). Long-term annual mean NO2 level ranged from 4.6µg/m³ to 32µg/m³.Conclusions: Our results indicate that long-term NO2 exposure may have increased susceptibility for COVID-19 morbidity in Germany. The results demonstrate the need to reduce ambient air pollution to improve public health. Trial registration number and date of registration: not applicable
Computational Metadata Generation Methods for Biological Specimen Image Collections
Authors: Karnani Kevin , Pepper Joel , Bakis Yasin , Wang Xiaojun , Bart Henry , Breen David , Greenberg Jane 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Metadata is a key data source for researchers seeking to apply machine learning (ML) to the vast collections of digitized biological specimens that can be found online. Unfortunately, the available metadata is often sparse and, at times, erroneous. This paper extends previous research with the Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS) collection (7,244 specimen images) using computational approaches to analyze image quality, and then automatically generate 22 metadata properties representing the image quality and morphological features of the specimens. In the research reported here, we demonstrate the extension of our initial work to University of Wisconsin Zoological Museum (UWZM) collection (4,155 specimen images). Further, we enhance our computational methods in four ways: 1) augmenting the training set, 2) applying contrast enhancement, 3) upscaling small objects, and 4) refining of our processing logic. Together these new methods improved our overall error rates from 4.6% to 1.1%. These enhancements also allowed us to compute an additional set of 17 image-based metadata properties. The new metadata properties provide supplemental features and information that may also be used to analyze and classify the fish specimens. Examples of these new features include convex area, eccentricity, perimeter, skew, etc. The newly refined process further outperforms humans in terms of time and labor cost, as well as accuracy, providing a novel solution for leveraging digitized specimens with ML. This research demonstrates the ability of computational methods to enhance the digital library services associated with the tens of thousands of digitized specimens stored in open-access repositories world-wide by generating accurate and valuable metadata for those repositories.
The effect of peppermint essential oil (Supermint Drop) on gastric residual volume among Intensive care unit patients with mechanical ventilation receiving tube (gavage) Feedings: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Fatemeh , bilondi Sina Sabeti , Sahebanmaleki Mohsen , Mend Javad Asari –Sani- , Tavakolizadeh Mitra , Aalami Hosein , Noghabi Ali Delshad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Delayed gastric emptying is a prevalent problem in intensive care unit (ICU) patients on mechanical ventilation receiving enteral nutrition. This study was aimed to assess the effect of peppermint essential oil (Supermint drops) on gastric emptying in these patients.
Methods
In this clinical trial study, 60 mechanically ventilated ICU patients were randomly assigned to Supermint and control groups. From the first day of their feeding, patients in the intervention and control groups received 20 drops of the Supermint and placebo solutions, mixed with 40 ml of water, three times daily for four days. The gastric residual volume (GRV) was measured at the baseline and during four days of intervention. Data were analyzed using a generalized estimation equation (GEE) regression model.
Results
The mean age of patients was 71.5 (SD = 14.2), and 65.5% were hospitalized for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The GEE regression model results showed that SuperMint significantly reduces the mean of GRV when compared to placebo (p < 0.001); for each unit increase in time, the average of GRV in the Supermint group was 1.16 (95% confidence interval: 0.75, 1.57) lower than the placebo group. GRV showed a non-significant increase of 0.07 for each unit increase in time in the control group, whereas it decreased significantly by 1.09 in the Supermint group.
Conclusion
The current study's findings were encouraging and indicated that peppermint essential oil could be used in GVR reduction in ICU patients on mechanical ventilation. Further study are needed to confirm this finding, especially among COVID-19 patients.
The effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine on emergence agitation in children after propofol anaesthesia
Authors: Jin D , Feng Z.X , Guan X , LIU H.Y , Xu X.B , Yuen V. M , M.G Irwin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Both dexmedetomidine and propofol based anaesthesia are effective in reducing the incidence of emergence agitation in children. We investigated the efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine premedication in reducing emergence agitation in children undergoing circumcision.Methods: This was a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. The primary outcome was the incidence of emergence agitation with and without intranasal dexmedetomidine premedication. Healthy children aged 5–12 years, scheduled for circumcision were randomly assigned to receive dexmedetomidine or placebo as premedication. Post-anaesthesia emergence agitation was assessed using the Post-Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) Scale.Results: Eighty-two children received intranasal dexmedetomidine and 83 children received intranasal saline. No patients in the dexmedetomidine group and one from the control group exhibited post-anaesthesia delirium with PAED > 10 (0 % vs. 1.2%, p > 0.99). Thirty-one out of 82 children (37.8%) receiving dexmedetomidine were satisfactorily sedated before induction, and 4 out of 83 (4.8%) after placebo (p < 0.001). Use of dexmedetomidine was associated with significantly reduced propofol use (24.0 mg.kg-1.hr-1 vs. 28.1 mg.kg-1.hr-1, p < 0.001) and a longer wake up time (58 vs. 46 minutes, p < 0.001). There was no difference in the use of analgesia in the recovery period nor in the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting.Discussion: Dexmedetomidine premedication has a pre-anaesthesia sedative effect and reduces propofol requirements intraoperatively but does not reduce emergence agitation in children who had propofol based anaesthesia for circumcision. Trial registration: Clinical Trial Registry of China(http://www.chictr.org.cn,ChiCTR2000032897).Retrospectively registered on 15/05/ 2020.
Adapting a Pregnancy App to Address Disparities in Healthcare Access Among an Emerging Latino Community: Qualitative Study using Implementation Science Frameworks
Authors: Castillo Anabel F. , Davis Alexander L. , Krishnamurti Tamar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Digital mobile health (mHealth) applications are a popular form of prenatal education and care delivery in the U.S.; yet there are few Spanish language options for native speakers. Furthermore, existing applications do not consider cultural differences and disparities in healthcare access, including those specific to Emerging Latino Communities. Objective: This research uses iterative qualitative methods based on the Transcreation and Health Equity Implementation Framework to assess the needs of Latino pregnant individuals for the design of a mHealth pregnancy application. We then adapt an existing application, initially developed for native English speakers, to meet those needs.Methods: We use a three-step culturally-sensitive process to translate a mHealth app to meet the needs of pregnant Latino immigrants living in the United States. Interviews with stakeholders (n = 12) who advocate for the needs of pregnant individuals in an emerging Latino community were used as inputs to identify domains of possible disparities in access to prenatal care. We then conducted semi-structured interviews with peripartum Latino users (n = 14) to understand their perspectives within those domains. We identified a list of topics to create educational material for the modified App and implemented a systematic translation approach to ensure that the new version was acceptable for immigrants from different countries in Latin America. Results: The interviews with stakeholders revealed seven critical domains that need to be addressed in an adapted prenatal app: language barriers, financial barriers, social support, immigration status, cultural differences, healthcare accessibility, and connection to population-specific language-appropriate local resources. The interviews with peripartum women informed how the existing content in the App could be adjusted or built upon to address these issues, including providing information on accessing language-appropriate care and community support. Finally, we used a systematic approach to translate the existing application and create new content. This work illustrates an approach for culturally-sensitive language translation of digital tools focusing on addressing existing health disparities.
Acceleration of Esophageal Wound Healing by Anisotropically Aligned Smooth Muscle Cell-Laden Nanofibrous Patch
Authors: Yeo Miji , Yoon Jung Won , Park Gyu Tae , Shin Sung-Chan , Song Young-Cheol , Cheon Yong-Il , Lee Byung-Joo , Kim Geun Hyung , Kim Jae Ho 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Esophageal tissue engineering is proposed to repair damaged esophagus, which requires peristalsis via directional alignment and movement of smooth muscle. Cell electrospinning is an effective technique to produce aligned muscle tissues by directly encapsulating living cells into micro/nanofibers. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in response to treatment with transforming growth factor-β1. In this study, cell electrospinning or three dimensional bioprinting were used to generate anisotropic or random alignment of MSCs and MSC-derived SMCs. Cell electrospinning resulted in more aligned and elongated forms of MSCs and SMCs than bioprinting. SMCs aligned via cell electrospinning exhibited upregulated expression of SMC-specific markers (alpha-smooth muscle actin, calponin, SM22α, and desmin), SMC-associated extracellular matrix proteins (fibronectin, collagen types I and IV), and connexin 43, the principal gap junction protein in SMCs. The electrospun SMC was fabricated in a patch form and transplanted into a rat esophageal defect model. Transplantation of the smooth muscle patch promoted muscle regeneration and vascularization in esophageal wounds. Taken together, these results suggest that transforming growth factor-β1-induced differentiation of MSCs to SMCs and anisotropic alignment of SMCs can be applied to engineer smooth muscle tissues and treat gastrointestinal perforation.
Effect of multimodal prehabilitation on major outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy after emergency percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage in the elderly patients - A real-world based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ge Yunpeng , Li Chen , Liu Yuan , Wu Mingxiao , Wang Lijuan , Liu Qingmei , Li Lei , Chen Jian , Song Jinghai , Xu Jingyong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background & aims:
Multimodal prehabilitation is a new concept of preoperative management. We aimed to study the effectiveness of multimodal prehabilitation in the elderly patients who would receive laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) after emergency percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) .
Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study. Consecutive patients undergoing LC after emergency PTGBD between January 2020 to April 2021 were recruited. Patients over 70years old were treated by multimodal prehabilitation before LC including nutrition support, exercise and psychological interventions as prehabilitation group. Other patients were included as the control group. Perioperative parameters and outcomes were compared between groups.
Results
43 cases were included in this research.24 cases were in the prehabilitation group. Comparing the prehabilitation and control groups, no statistical difference was detected in the laboratory examination before LC except hemoglobin and albumin. There were also no statistical difference in the rates of postoperative complications (8.33%vs.5.26%, P = 0.144) and conversion to open surgery (8.33%vs.5.26%, P = 0.144).
Conclusion
Multimodal prehabilitation could make the rate of major outcomes of LC after emergency PTGBD close to the young patients in the elderly patients.
Measurement Feedback System Implementation in “Real World” Children’s Mental Health Treatment: A Mixed Methods Analysis
Authors: Sichel Corianna , Connors Elizabeth 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Prior studies indicate the effectiveness of measurement-based care (MBC), an evidence-based practice, in improving and accelerating positive outcomes for youth receiving behavioral health services. MBC is the routine collection and use of client-reported progress measures to inform shared decision making and collaborative treatment adjustments, and is a relatively feasible and scalable clinical practice, particularly well-suited for under-resourced community mental health settings. However, uptake of MBC remains low, so information on individual clinician-level determinants related to MBC practice patterns is needed.
Methods
Quantitative and qualitative data from N = 80 clinicians who implemented MBC using a measurement feedback system (MFS) were merged to understand and describe clinician determinants of practice. Quantitative, latent class analysis was used to identify clinician groups based on their ratings of MFS acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. Qualitative analyses of clinicians’ responses to open-ended questions about their MFS use and feedback about the MFS and implementation supports were conducted separately to understand barriers and facilitators to MFS implementation. Mixing occurred during interpretation, by examining clinician experiences and opinions across groups.
Results
We identified two classes of clinicians: “Implementers” and “Non-Implementers,” and found similarities and differences in MFS use across groups. Compared to Non-Implementers, clinicians in the Implementor group reported facilitators at a higher rate. Four determinants of practice were associated with the uptake of MBC and MFS in youth-serving community mental health settings for all clinicians: clarity, appropriateness and feasibility of the MFS and its measures, clinician knowledge and skills; client preferences and behaviors; and incentives and resources (e.g., time; continuing educational support). Findings also highlighted the need for individual-level implementation strategies to target clinician needs, skills, and perceptions for future MBC and MFS implementation efforts.
Conclusion
This study has implications for the adoption of evidence-based practices, such as MBC, in the context of community-based mental health services for youth.
Is integrating spirituality into postpartum care can improve the quality of life in women with preeclampsia
Authors: Rasouli Robab , Maleki Azam , Zenoozian Saeedeh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Women with a history of preeclampsia frequently have a lower level of physical well-being and emotional problems.Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of integrating spirituality into postpartum care can improve the quality of life in women with preeclampsia.Methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted on 40 women with preeclampsia. All eligible participants were allocated to two control and intervention groups using a random blocking method. Data were collected using Mother-Generated Index (MGI) in pre-intervention and six weeks later and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and independent t-tests. The significance level was p <0.05.Results: The mean, Standard deviation (SD) of the total score of MGI before intervention in the counselling group was 5.35(1.09) which increased to 8.00(0.50) six weeks after intervention. In the control group, it was 5.81(0.97) before intervention and 6.69(1.37) six weeks after intervention. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant after the intervention based on an independent t-test (p=0.001).The mean (SD) of five subscales included Feelings towards herself, Feelings toward the child, Feelings toward her husband and others, Feelings toward sex, and Physical health status after intervention in the counselling group statistically significant increased compared to the control group(p>0.011).Conclusion: It can be concluded that spiritual counselling had a positive impact on improving the postpartum QoL of women with preeclampsia. Therefore, the integration of spiritual counselling with the educational content of postpartum care is recommended. Also, it can be used for planning suitable interventions among parturient women.Trial registration: The study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials website and available via URL: https://en.irct.ir/user/trial/50832/viewThe Registration Number (IRCT Id) IRCT20150731023423N16 Registration date: 01/10/2020 Trial Id :50832
Derived faunivores are the forerunners of major synapsid radiations
Authors: Hellert Spencer , Grossnickle David , Lloyd Graeme , Kammerer Christian , Angielczyk Kenneth 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Evolutionary radiations generate most of Earth’s biodiversity, but are there common ecomorphological traits among the progenitors of radiations? In Synapsida (mammalian total group), ‘small-bodied faunivore’ has been hypothesized as the ancestral state of most major radiating clades, but this has not been quantitatively assessed across multiple radiations. To examine macroevolutionary patterns in a phylogenetic context, we generated a time-calibrated meta-phylogeny (‘metatree’) comprising 2,128 synapsid species from the Carboniferous through the Eocene (305–34 Ma), based on 270 published character matrices. We used comparative methods to investigate body size and dietary evolution during successive synapsid radiations. Faunivory is the ancestral diet of each major synapsid radiation, but small body size is only established as the common ancestral state of radiations near the origin of Mammaliaformes in the Late Triassic. The faunivorous ancestors of synapsid radiations typically have numerous novel characters compared to their contemporaries, and these derived traits may have helped them to survive faunal turnover events and subsequently radiate.