bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of case-based learning in Chinese dental education: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dong Haitao , Guo Chunlan , Zhou Lian , Zhao Jizhi , Wu Xiaomin , Zhang Xinyuan , Zhang Xin 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThe application of case-based learning (CBL) pedagogy has been emerging as an improved and more practical learning method across the Chinese dental education system. This article provides a critical overview of CBL pedagogy and further assesses the effectiveness of this teaching model in Chinese dental education.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsStudies published up to December 2019 were searched in the following electronic databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science Periodical Database, Chinese Biomedical documental database, Wanfang data, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials. All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effectiveness of the CBL teaching model and the traditional lecture-based learning (LBL) model in all dental disciplines were included. The assessment of methodological quality was based on the guidelines described in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews, and the meta-analysis was performed using the software RevMan V.5.3ResultsA total of 30 RCTs were finally included, with a total sample size of 2356 dental students. The CBL pedagogy significantly increased knowledge scores (standardised mean difference (SMD)=1.58, 95% CI: 0.95 to 2.20, p<0.0001), skill scores (SMD=1.22, 95% CI: 0.34 to 2.11, p<0.0001), comprehensive ability scores (SMD=1.91, 95% CI: 1.74 to 4.07, p<0.0001) and teaching satisfaction (risk ratio=1.38; 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.65; p=0.01) compared with the LBL teaching model among the dental students. Additionally, a subgroup analysis showed significant differences in the effects of CBL on knowledge scores, skill scores and comprehensive ability scores when comparing theoretical and practical courses.ConclusionsThe meta-analysis and systematic review of the eligible literature showed that the CBL pedagogy in Chinese dental education is an effective way to increase knowledge scores, skill scores, comprehensive ability scores and teaching satisfaction. Successful adaptation of this teaching model could solve the scarcity of highly skilled and professional dentists in dental schools and hospitals across China.
Low health literacy and multiple medications in community-dwelling older adults: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Shebehe Jacques , Montgomery Scott , Hansson Anders , Hiyoshi Ayako 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesAdequate health literacy is important for patients to manage chronic diseases and medications. We examined the association between health literacy and multiple medications in community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older in England.Design, settings and participantsWe included 6368 community-dwelling people of median age 66 years from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Health literacy was assessed at wave 5 (2010/11) with 4 questions concerning a medication label. Four correct answers were categorised as adequate health literacy, otherwise low. Data on medications were collected at wave 6 (2012/13). To examine the difference in the number of medications between low and adequate health literacy, we used zero-inflated negative binomial regression, estimating odds ratio (OR) for zero medication and incidence rate ratios (IRR) for the number of medications, with 95% CIs. Associations were adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic and health characteristics, smoking and cognitive function. We also stratified the analysis by sex, and age (50–64 and ≥65 years). To be comparable with preceding studies, multinomial regression was fitted using commonly used thresholds of polypharmacy (0 vs 1–4, 5–9, ≥10 medications).ResultsAlthough low health literacy was associated with a lower likelihood of being medication-free (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.45 to 0.91), health literacy was not associated with the number of medications among those at risk for medication (IRR=1.01, 95% CI: 0.96 to 1.05), and this finding did not differ among younger and older age groups or women. Among men, low health literacy showed a weak association (IRR=1.06, 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.14). Multinomial regression models showed graded risks of polypharmacy for low health literacy.ConclusionsAlthough there was no overall association between health literacy and the number of medications, this study does not support the assertion that low health literacy is associated with a notably higher number of medications in men.
Ten-year tenure as a physician CEO at a Nordic university hospital: five lessons learnt
Authors: Ingebrigtsen Tor 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundI was a 42-year-old neurosurgeon with experience as department head when I took chair as chief executive officer (CEO) at the University Hospital of North Norway to lead a comprehensive organisational and financial restructuring. This article aims to develop lessons learnt during my 10-year tenure.MethodsI restructured the organisation and hired a new executive team. We developed a new strategy and measures to implement it. I describe the results, a strategic disagreement that developed and my resignment, and reflect critically over my actions as a leader.ResultsMeasures of safety and quality in clinical processes, cost-effectiveness and financial equity improved. We expedited investments in medical equipment, information technology and hospital facilities. Patient satisfaction was stable, but employees’ job satisfaction decreased. After 9 years, a politicised strategic disagreement with superior authorities developed. I was criticised for attempting to influence inappropriately, and resigned.Lessons learnt(1) Data-driven improvement works, but comes at a cost. Healthcare organisations should consider to prioritise resilience over efficiency. (2) It is inherently difficult to recognise when and how an issue changes from a professional to a political logic. I should have used contacts in politics and surveilled local media better. (3) During conflict, role clarity is crucial. (4) CEOs should be prepared to resign when strategically unaligned with superior authorities. (5) A CEO tenure should not last more than 10 years.ConclusionMy experiences as a physician CEO was intense and immensely interesting, but some of the lessons were painfully learnt.
Hunting for the heavy quark spin symmetry partner of $$Z_{cs}$$
Authors: Cao Xu , Yang Zhi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe discovery of a charged strange hidden-charm state $$Z_{cs}$$

Z

cs

(3985) implies another higher $$Z^*_{cs}$$

Z

cs

∗

state coupling to $${\bar{D}}_s^{*-}D^{*0} + c.c$$

D

¯

s

∗
-

D

∗
0

+
c
.
c

under the heavy quark spin symmetry. In this paper we discuss a possible hunt for it with data taken at existing facilities. We point out a hint for $$Z^*_{cs}$$

Z

cs

∗

in the data of $${\bar{B}}_s^0 \rightarrow J/\psi K^- K^+$$

B

¯

s
0

→
J
/
ψ

K
-

K
+

at LHCb, though weak, in line with the production mechanism of pentaquark $$P_c$$

P
c

. We also study the triangular singularity which would possibly enhance the production of $$Z^*_{cs}$$

Z

cs

∗

in electron-positron collision. Surprisingly, the production rate of $$Z^*_{cs}$$

Z

cs

∗

is expected to be maximum at the $$e^+ e^-$$

e
+

e
-

center of mass energy of 4.648 GeV, which is lower than 4.681 GeV for $$Z_{cs}$$

Z

cs

due to the inverted coupling hierarchy of $$D_{s1}{\bar{D}}^* K$$

D

s
1

D

¯

∗

K

and $$D_{s2}{\bar{D}}K$$

D

s
2

D

¯

K

in the triangle diagrams. Their bottom analogue under heavy quark flavor symmetry is also discussed. Our theoretical analysis would confront with future experiment of LHCb, BESIII, and Bell II.
An in-and-out-the-lab Raman spectroscopy study on street art murals from Reggio Emilia in Italy
Authors: Rousaki Anastasia , Vandenabeele Peter , Berzioli Michela , Saccani Ilaria , Fornasini Laura , Bersani Danilo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe street art murals ‘The Big Mother’ by Gola Hundun, the ‘Big Sacral Bird’ by Kenor, the ‘Oriental Carpet” by H101 and “The Economy Subdues You” by Zosen, belonging to the Cooperative Popular Houses of Mancasale and Coviolo in Reggio Emilia (Italy), were investigated by the use of various mobile Raman spectrometers coupled to different lasers and by micro-Raman spectroscopy on selected samples. The study was made necessary by the evident fading of many colours, despite the young age of the paintings, realized in 2010. The first step of the investigation, realized by the on-site campaign, was the identification of the materials, and in particular of the dyes. The main chromophores were identified as polycyclic, monoazo- and disazo- organic pigments, with inorganic compounds as bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) together with the extensive presence of rutile (TiO2). The second step was devoted to the study of the degradation mechanism affecting the colourful layers of the murals. It required the use of laboratory micro-spectrometers and was carried out on a reduced set of samples, selected during the in-situ campaign. This combination of on-site and laboratory Raman spectroscopy allowed the obtaining of the complete identification of the palette used by the different artists in a single day of measurements, in a complete non-destructive day. In addition, it was possible to minimize the number of samples required for the study of the degradation process.
Graphical abstract
A smart door prototype with a face recognition capability
Authors: Hutomo Ivan Surya , Wicaksono Handy 
Published: February 2022

This research aimed to integrate a face recognition capability in a smart door prototype. By using a camera - based face recognition, the house owner does not need to make physical contact to open the door. Avoid physical contact is important due to the coro navirus disease 2019 (COVID19) pandemic. Raspberry Pi 3B was used as the main controller, while a servo motor was utilized as a locking door actuator. The program was developed using Node - RED , Blynk , and message queue telemetry transport ( MQTT ) platforms which are very powerful for developing internet of things (IoT) devices. All of the programs were coded using Python. Haar cascade and local binary pattern histogram methods were implemented on the face recognition stage. Google Assistant int egration was done by using D ialogflow and Firebase as Google Cloud services. Integration of face recognition and the smart door was successful. The smart door was unlocked if faces were recognized (average threshold=60%). If a face was not recognized, an e mail notification containing a face image is sent to the house owner. The Google Assistant could handle user requests successfully with a success rate of 92.8% from 147 trials .
Recognizing facial emotions for educational learning settings
Authors: Kingsley Akputu Oryina , Inyang Udoinyang G. , Msugh Ortil , Mughal Fiza T. , Usoro Abel 
Published: February 2022

Educational learning settings exploit cognitive factors as ultimate feedback to enhance personalization in teaching and learning. But besides cognition, the emotions of the learner which reflect the affective learning dimension also play an important role in the learning process. The emotions can be recognized by tracking explicit behaviors of the learner like facial or vocal expressions. Despite reasonable efforts to recognize emotions, the research community is currently constraints by two issues, namely : i) the lack of efficient feature descriptors to accurately represent and prospectively recogniz e (detecting) the emotions of the learner ; ii) lack of contextual datasets to benchmark performances of emotion recognizers in the learning - speci fic scenarios, resulting in poor generalizations. This paper presents a facial emotion recognition technique (FERT). The FERT is realized through results of preliminary analysis across various facial feature descriptors. Emotions are classified using the m ultiple kernel learning (MKL) method which reportedly possesses good merits. A contextually relevant simulated learning emotion ( SLE ) dataset is introduced to validate the FERT scheme. Recognition performance of the FERT scheme generalizes to 90.3% on the SLE dataset. On more popular but noncontextually datasets, the scheme achi e ved 90.0% and 82.8% respectively extended Cohn Kanade (CK+) and acted facial expressions in the wild ( AFEW ) datasets. A test for the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in the performances accuracies of the descriptors rather proved otherwise (<em> x<sup>2</sup></em> = 14 . 619 , <em>df</em> = 5 , <em>p</em> = 0 . 01212 ) for a model considered at a 95% confidence interval.
O jornalismo televisivo no interior gaúcho: olhares para o jornal do almoço e para o Jornal NT SUL
Authors: Marques Paulo , Negrini Michele 
Published: February 2022

O telejornalismo praticado pelas emissoras de televisão no Rio Grande do Sul vem passando por processos de reestruturação e diminuição dos espaços regionais de notícias. Até mesmo a emissora RBS TV, que ainda atendia de certa forma esta demanda, deixou de produzir consideravelmente conteúdos regionais a partir da pandemia de Covid19. Por outro lado, a TV Cachoeira pode ser considerada um exemplo de produção de jornalismo tipicamente local. O estudo tem por objetivo problematizar a importância do jornalismo regional televisivo do Rio Grande do Sul, analisar a redução da produção regional na RBS TV e refletir sobre a experiência da TV Cachoeira. A análise será aprofundada nos programas “Jornal do Almoço”, da RBS TV, e “Jornal NT SUL”, da TV Cachoeira, com a observação de cinco edições dos dois noticiários durante uma semana. Como constatações, cabe ressaltar que enquanto a RBS TV está diminuindo o conteúdo para o público do interior, a TV Cachoeira cumpre com o objetivo de levar informação jornalística ao seu telespectador local.
Blood Pressure Drops During Hospitalization for Acute Heart Failure Treated With Serelaxin: A Patient-Level Analysis of 4 Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Grand Johannes , Miger Kristina , Sajadieh Ahmad , Køber Lars , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Ertl Georg , López-Sendón José , Pietro Maggioni Aldo , Teerlink John R. , Sato Naoki , Gimpelewicz Claudio , Metra Marco , Holbro Thomas , Nielsen Olav W. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Hypotensive events and drops in systolic blood pressure (SBP-drop) are frequent in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure. We investigated whether SBP-drops are associated with outcomes in patients treated with serelaxin.

Methods:
Patient-level retrospective analyses of 4 prospective trials investigating serelaxin in acute heart failure. Main inclusion criteria were SBP 125 to 180 mm Hg, pulmonary congestion, and elevated NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide). SBP-drops were prospectively defined as SBP<100 mm Hg, or, if SBP remained >100 mm Hg, a drop from baseline of 40 mm Hg from baseline. Outcomes were a short-term composite outcome (worsening heart failure, hospital readmission for heart failure or all-cause mortality through 14 days) and 180-day mortality.

Results:

Overall, 2559/11 226 (23%) patients had an SBP-drop. SBP-drop, versus no SBP-drop, was associated with a worse outcome: cumulative incidence of 180-day mortality (11% versus 9%, hazard ratio [HR]. 1.21 [95% CI, 1.05–1.39];
P
=0.009) and the short-term outcome (11% versus 9%, HR, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.13–1.49];
P
<0.001). Of the 2 SBP-drop components, an SBP<100 mm Hg was associated with the worst outcome compared with a 40 mm Hg drop: short-term outcome (11% versus 10%) and HRs of 1.32 (95% CI, 1.13–1.55;
P
=0.0005) and 1.22 (95% CI, 0.97–1.56;
P
=0.09), for each component respectively, with a
P
value for interaction of 0.05. SBP-drops were associated with a worse short-term outcome in the placebo group (HR, 1.46 [95% CI, 1.19–1.79];
P
=0.0003), but not in the serelaxin-group (HR, 1.18 [95% CI, 0.97–1.42];
P
=0.10);
P
interaction=0.003.

Conclusions:
SBP-drops in patients with acute heart failure and normal to high SBP at admission is associated with worse short- and long-term outcomes especially for SBP <100 mm Hg. However, in patients treated with the intravenous vasodilator serelaxin, SBP-drops seemed less harmful.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT02064868, NCT02007720, NCT01870778, NCT00520806.
New species and records of Elachistinae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea, Elachistidae) from Nepal
Authors: SRUOGA VIRGINIJUS 
Published: February 2022

Six species of Elachistinae are newly reported from Nepal, four of which are described as new: Elachista conspecta sp. nov., E. marginata sp. nov., E. minor sp. nov. and E. simulans sp. nov.
The new species are diagnosed and illustrated with photographs of the adults and genitalia. E. siamensis Sruoga & Kaila, 2019 and E. kurokoi Parenti, 1983 are recorded for the first time in Nepal.
Incidence of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy and Post-Operative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Chimney Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Caradu Caroline , Coatsaliou Quentin , Colacchio Elda Chiara , Ducasse Eric , Lareyre Fabien , Raffort Juliette 
Published: February 2022

Chimney endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (ch-EVAR) has become a valid alternative to treat complex aneurysms but the occurrence of contrast-induced kidney injury (CI-AKI) is poorly known. This study investigated the incidence and the impact of CI-AKI on post-operative outcomes after ch-EVAR. Consecutive patients who underwent ch-EVAR between July 2010 and 2021 were retrospectively included. CI-AKI was defined based on plasma creatinine levels within 7 days after the intervention according to the “Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes” (KDIGO) classification. Among 102 patients included, CI-AKI occurred in 14 cases (13.7%). The 30-day post-operative mortality and complications were significantly higher in patients who developed CI-AKI compared with those who did not (50 vs 9.1%, P = .001 and 57.1 vs 20.5%, P = .007). Over a median follow-up of 24 months (3-39), overall mortality was also significantly higher (78.6 vs 33.0%, P = .002). The pre-operative platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was significantly higher in patients who developed CI-AKI (224.5 vs 147.6, P = .008). CI-AKI is frequent after ch-EVAR and is associated with worse post-operative outcomes. This should increase awareness of clinicians to optimize preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Physicochemical Changes in Bone Bioapatite During the Late Postmortem Interval Pre- and Post-Burning
Authors: Végh Emese I. , Márquez-Grant Nicholas , Schulting Rick J. 
Published: February 2022

Postmortem chemical transformation of bone bioapatite can take place during early diagenesis, resulting in a more thermodynamically stable mineral phase. This paper examines the impact of a one year postmortem interval on unburnt and burnt bone’s structural and chemical alterations. This question is of importance for the reconstruction of funerary practices involving cremation in the archaeological record, as well as forensic anthropological investigations. Fleshed pig ( Sus scrofa) tibiae were left exposed in a field, then collected at 14, 34, 91, 180, and 365 day intervals prior to being burnt in an outdoor fire (≤750 °C bone temperature). Fresh (fleshed) tibiae acted as unburnt and burnt controls. Also included in the study were two cremated human bone fragments from Middle–Late Neolithic (ca. 3300–2500 BCE) Ireland. Samples were analyzed for major and trace elements using an electron microprobe wavelength dispersive analyzer and molecular structures using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Linear regression, principal component analysis, linear discriminant analysis, and multivariate analysis of variance were performed for statistical analysis. Results indicate that the concentrations of elements associated with extracellular fluid (K, Na, and Cl) change with the postmortem interval (PMI) and survive burning. K values under 0.07 ± 0.01 wt% in the inner and mid-cortical zones of burnt bones suggest that bones were not burnt immediately after death. Using this criterion, results from the archaeological samples would indicate a PMI of at least weeks to months prior to cremation. Ca, P, Fe, Al, Si, and Sr are not significantly altered with burning, and Fe, Al, Si, and Sr are also unaffected by the PMI. In unburnt bones increased crystallinity and carbonate loss are detectable in <1 year, but both are obscured by burning. Structurally, the carbonate to phosphate ratio (C/P), the phosphate high temperature, and cyanamide to phosphate (CN/P) are the most useful ratios for discriminating between unburnt and burnt bones.
Re-examining women leaders and military spending
Authors: Imamverdiyeva Ulkar , Shea Patrick E 
Published: February 2022

Do women leaders enact more hawkish foreign policies? Some research argues women leaders are more likely to adopt aggressive and masculine characteristics to obtain national office. As a result, women leaders should exhibit more hawkish behavior than men. In this study we re-examine the relationship between the women leaders and foreign policy by focusing on military spending behavior. We argue that conventional empirical methods, such as linear regression, are ill-suited to examine data on women leaders and military spending. These methods are sensitive to outliers and small sample sizes: two characteristics of women leadership. To address these issues, we use the synthetic control method to estimate the military spending behavior of women leaders. By creating unique synthetic counterfactuals for three prominent women leaders – Thatcher, Gandhi, and Meir – we analyze what would have happened if a particular state had a male leader. Generalizing beyond these cases, we also conduct a multiple treatment test that examines the effect of women leadership jointly across multiple countries and time periods. We find that women leaders do not spend more on the military than men. We analyze plausible explanations of these null results and discuss their implications.
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Middle-Aged and Older Adult Vietnamese American Members of a Northern California Health Plan
Authors: Haysbert Donna B. , Lo Joan C. , Ramalingam Nirmala D. , Gordon Nancy P. 
Published: February 2022

Objective: There is increasing recognition that cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors vary by Asian subgroups. We examined CVD risk factor prevalence among Vietnamese adults in a northern California health plan. Methods: We used electronic health record data to examine smoking, overweight/obesity (body mass index ≥23.0 kg/m2), obesity (body mass index ≥27.5 kg/m2), prediabetes, diabetes, and hypertension among middle-aged (n = 12 757; aged 45-64 years) and older (n = 3418; aged 65-84 years) Vietnamese adults, including 37.8% whose preferred language was Vietnamese. Findings were compared with East Asian adults. Results: Current smoking prevalence was 20.3% for middle-aged men, 7.0% for older men, and <1% for women in both age groups. Obesity prevalence was 12.0% for older men, 17.9% for middle-aged men, and 10% for women in both age groups. Among middle-aged men and women, 20.9% and 17.0% had hypertension and 13.5% and 8.5% had diabetes, respectively. Among older men and women, 64.0% and 60.0% had hypertension and 32.8% and 29.3% had diabetes, respectively. In both age groups, Vietnamese language preference was associated with higher risk of smoking (men only) and of diabetes and hypertension (women only). Compared with East Asian adults, Vietnamese adults had lower obesity prevalence but similar prevalence of diabetes, prediabetes, and hypertension. Vietnamese men were more likely and Vietnamese women less likely than East Asian adults to be current smokers. Conclusions: Study results suggest that more research on health conditions, lifestyle, and social factors among Vietnamese American adults is needed to develop culturally competent interventions to reduce CVD risk in this growing ethnic group.