bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying the Optimal Injected Noise to Signal Estimation via Adaptive Stochastic Resonance
Authors: Pan Yan , Xu Liyan , Duan Fabing , Chapeau-Blondeau Francois 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In signal estimation, an optimal estimator is frequently unachievable, because its closed form may not be analytically tractable or is too complex to implement. Alternatively, one can turn to suboptimal yet easily implementable estimators for practical signal estimation tasks. In this paper, a general noise-boosted estimator is designed and the adaptive stochastic resonance method is implemented to simultaneously exploit the beneficial role of the injected noise as well as the learning ability of the estimator parameter. Aiming to effectively improve the estimation performance, we use the kernel function method to find an approximate solution for the probability density function (PDF) of the optimal injected noise. During this process, the noise PDF and the estimator parameter establish a finite dimensional non-convex optimization space for maximizing the estimation performance, which is adaptively searched by the sequential quadratic programming algorithm at each iteration.

Two representative signal estimation problems are explored, consisting in estimating a random signal from low-resolution observations, or a deterministic parameter in a heavy-tailed noisy environment. The obtained results demonstrate that this adaptive stochastic resonance method can improve the performance of the suboptimal estimators and bring it very close to that of the optimal estimator.
The Ability of Shock Index In Detecting Postpartum Haemorrhage: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Huang Liqiong , Gan Xiaoqin , Luo Dan , Zhang Jiajia , Wu Mengjun , Xiong Zheng'ai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: shock index (SI), calculated as the ratio of heart rate (HR) to systolic blood pressure (SBP), is used to measure the degree of hypovolemia in shock states. Little literature reported on the role of SI in detecting postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) in obstetrics. This study aimed to determine whether SI was superior to clinical criteria to identify PPH, to identify independent risk factors of surgical intervention and blood transfusion.Materials and Methods: Records were retrospectively examined for patients who experienced PPH (n=305) or not (n=305). HR and SBP were recorded at five different time points from admission to postpartum 24 h. The performance of vital signs based on area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the ability among peak SI, HR, SBP for estimating PPH. Two formulas using the fitted curve in a scatter plot (maximum SI and blood loss postpartum 24 h based on draps weighing method against blood loss postpartum 24 h with hemoglobinometry, respectively) were provided to determine the ability between SI and draps weighing method in detecting PPH. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were used to determine predictors of surgical intervention and blood transfusion. The sensitivity and specificity of SI for predicting transfusion were calculated. Results: SI had the highest AUROC of 0.646 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.590-0.700] and 0.665 (95% CI, 0.582-0.748) for PPH of ≥1,000 and ≥1,500 ml. SI was inferior to drapes weighing method (coefficient of correlation, 0.351 vs 0.759) in estimating PPH. Caesarean delivery, placenta previa were independent risk factors for surgical interventions and transfusion. Body mass index(BMI) and peak SI ≥1 were also independent risk factors for transfusion. The SI ≥ 1 predicted transfusion with a specificity of 0.81, negative predictive value 82% but sensitivity of only 0.39. Conclusions: The peak SI may be superior to HR or SBP for detecting PPH. However, due to the low correlation with blood loss, the severity of PPH needs to be judged accompanied with other signs and symptoms. SI < 1 may indicate no blood transfusion needed.
Unique metabolic profiles of Blautia wexlerae achieve beneficial effects for the control of obesity and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hosomi Koji , Saito Mayu , Park Jonguk , Murakami Haruka , Shibata Naoko , Ando Masahiro , Nagatake Takahiro , Konishi Kana , Ohno Harumi , Tanisawa Kumpei , Mohsen Attayeb , Chen Yi-An , Kawashima Hitoshi , Natsume-Kitatani Yayoi , Oka Yoshimasa , Shimizu Hidenori , Furuta Mari , Tojima Yoko , Sawane Kento , Saika Azusa , Yonejima Yasunori , Takeyama Haruko , Matsutani Akira , Mizuguchi Kenji , Miyachi Motohiko , Kunisawa Jun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The gut microbiome is an important determinant in various diseases. Here we performed a cross-sectional study of Japanese adults and identified the Blautia genus, especially B. wexlerae, as a commensal bacterium that is inversely correlated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Oral administration of B. wexlerae to mice induced metabolic changes and anti-inflammatory effects that decreased both high-fat diet–induced obesity and diabetes. The beneficial effects of B. wexlerae were mediated directly by unique amino-acid metabolism to produce S-adenosylmethionine, acetylcholine, and l-ornithine and indirectly by carbohydrate metabolism resulting in the accumulation of amylopectin and production of succinate, lactate, and acetate and simultaneous modification of the gut bacterial composition. These findings reveal unique regulatory pathways of host and microbial metabolism that may provide novel strategies in preventive and therapeutic approaches for metabolic disorders.
Generation of the wheat mutants with high iron (Fe) and expression analysis of the responsive genes involved in iron accumulation and ethylene response
Authors: Li Na , Li Yuetong , Sun Jiawei , Sui Xinying , Yu Yanchong , Dong Chun-Hai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important staple crops, feeding one-third of the global population. Among the mineral nutrients, iron (Fe) is one of the necessary trace elements for human body. Iron deficiency will lead to various diseases. Although some progress has been made on the Fe biofortification aimed at increasing the levels of the essential mineral in the staple crop, little is known about the molecular regulations of the Fe accumulation-associated gene expressions in the wheat plant. In the present study, two wheat mutant lines with high ferric contents were identified. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that the differentiated expression genes (DEGs) were involved in different biological processes such as catalytic reaction, translation, biologic regulations, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and stress signaling. Further study revealed that the responsible genes for Fe homeostasis such as TaFIBP (encoding a ferric ion binding protein), TaZIP29 (a ZRT/IRT-like protein (ZIP) encoding gene) and TaYSL1 (wheat homologue of the Arabidopsis yellow stripe-like protein encoding gene) were highly induced when treated with exogenous Fe in the wheat mutant lines. In addition, it was observed that the ethylene sensitivity of the wheat mutant lines with high iron were obviously altered. And, the transcript levels of the ethylene responsive genes (TaERF1, 2, 3, 4, 6) were significantly affected in the wheat mutant lines, suggesting that ethylene may participate in regulation of the iron accumulation in wheat. All these results advance our understanding of the molecular regulations in the Fe accumulation of wheat.
SEMA5A-PLXNB3 axis promotes PDAC liver metastasis outgrowth through enhancing Warburg effect
Authors: Wang Kun , He Min , Fan Xin , Zhou Jian , Yang Jian , Wang Lin , Zhao Zhihong , Dai Chun , Zhang Zixiang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Patients bearing liver metastasis of pancreatic adeno carcinoma (PDAC) suffer from poor prognosis due to its short duration and high mortality. Complex tumor microenvironment (TME) exists in liver metastatic niches and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) have play vital roles in metastasis generation and outgrowth. Methods: We set off from investigating the aggregation and infiltration of TAMs at metastasis sites of PDAC and further evaluated related prognosis using clinical samples, discovering the critical roles of SEMA5A-PLXNB3 axis have played in PDAC liver metastasis. We thus performed intrasplenic injection mouse models assessed by CT combined in vivo imaging with organ reconstruction and KrasG12D/Trp53R172H/Pdx1-Cre (KPC) mouse models for in vivo study and CCK-8 assays for in vitro study. In mechanism investigation, we observed the alterations of glucose consumptions, lactate productions and expression of key enzymes involved in glycolysis induced by SEMA5A-PLXNB3 axis. Seahorse system measuring extracellular acid rate (ECAR) was also utilized.Results: We have demonstrated that M2 TAMs enriched liver metastatic niches predicted poor prognosis. Further studies have unveiled that TAMs derived secreted protein SEMA5A could bind to tumor cell expressed PLXNB3 and thus facilitated the proliferation ability of which. The activation of SEMA5A-PLXNB3 axis increased glucose consumption and lactate production of tumor cells via modulating location of HIF-1α and stimulating expressions of glycolysis related genes.Conclusion: We have discovered that SEMA5A-PLXNB3 axis could achieve tumor cell proliferation and survival via enhancing aerobic glycolysis termed as Warburg effects. Targeting this axis may be a potential therapeutic approach for PDAC patients with unresectable liver metastasis.
Effect of environmental conditions on physical properties of maize root mucilage.
Authors: Knott Mathilde , Ani Mina , Kroener Eva , Diehl Dörte 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
High viscosity, low surface tension and hydrophobicity are specific properties of maize root mucilage which contribute to modulate the spatial configuration of the liquid phase in soil pores. Being a hotspot for nutrient absorption, root exudation and microbial activity, the rhizosphere soil solution is suspected to chemically vary strongly upon time. Although the physical properties of maize root mucilage have been repeatedly measured in the last years, their variation upon a changing chemical environment and understanding of the chemical mechanisms governing these properties remain unexplored. Therefore, we investigated how flow and surface properties of maize root mucilage varied by changes in pH, CaCl2 and lecithin concentrations. Results reveal that the physical properties of mucilage can strongly vary depending on the environmental conditions. Low surface tension of maize root mucilage at pH7 was increased by addition of calcium. Upon pH change and lecithin addition, hydrophobic mucilage turned hydrophilic. Viscosity of mucilage decreased with increasing Ca concentration above 2.5 mM, the addition of 0.5 mg/L lecithin and a pH rise to 9. Such variations strongly suggest that the role of mucilage in hydraulic processes in the rhizosphere depends on changes of solutes concentration and composition, which themselves vary according to plant growth and soil water content. It seems that mucilage can best serve as a hydraulic bridge only under certain chemical environments, whose spatio-temporal occurrence in the changing rhizosphere remains to be defined.
Defective excitation-contraction coupling and mitochondrial respiration precede mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation in spinobulbar muscular atrophy skeletal muscle
Authors: Marchioretti Caterina , Zanetti Giulia , Gherardi Gaia , Nogara Leonardo , Roberta Andreotti , Martini Paolo , Marcucci Lorenzo , Canato Marta , Nath Samir , Zuccaro Emanuela , Chivet Mathilde , Mammucari Cristina , Pacifici Marco , Raffaello Anna , Rizzuto Rosario , Mattarei Andrea , megighian aram , Sorarù Gianni , Pegoraro Elena , Belluzzi Elisa , Pozzuoli Assunta , Biz Carlo , Ruggieri Pietro , Romualdi Chiara , Lieberman Andrew , Babu Gopal , Sandri Marco , Blaauw Bert , Basso Manuela , Pirazzini Marco , Pennuto Maria 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Polyglutamine (polyQ)-expanded androgen receptor (AR) causes spinobulbar muscular atrophy. Skeletal muscle is a primary site of polyQ-expanded AR toxicity, however it remains to be established what the early pathological processes are and how they unfold during disease progression. Using transgenic, knock-in SBMA mice and patient-derived muscle biopsies, we show that polyQ-expanded AR alters the generation of intrinsic muscle force prior to denervation. The pattern of expression of genes encoding key components of the excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) machinery is altered in the muscles of presymptomatic mice and patients. Altered mitochondrial respiration is another early event followed by stimulus-dependent accumulation of calcium into mitochondria during disease onset and structural organization alterations of the muscle triad. Surgical castration and AR silencing prevented early pathological processes. These observations show that androgen-dependent deregulations of ECC and defective mitochondrial respiration are early but reversible events followed by altered muscle force, contraction dynamics, and calcium dyshomeostasis.
Applying Declarative Analysis to Industrial Automotive Software Product Line Models
Authors: Shahin Ramy , Toledo Rafael , Hackman Robert , S Ramesh , Atlee Joanne M. , Chechik Marsha 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Software Product Lines (SPLs) are families of related software products developed from a common set of artifacts. Most existing analysis tools cannot be applied to an entire SPL, but rather must be applied an SPL’s products one at a time. Some tools have been redesigned or re-implemented to support the kind of variability exhibited in SPLs, but this usually takes a lot of eﬀort and is error-prone. Declarative analyses written in languages like Datalog have been collectively lifted to SPLs in prior work, which enables the application of existing declarative analyses to SPLs.In this paper, we apply ﬁve declarative analyses (behaviour alteration, re-cusion analysis, simpliﬁable global variable analysis, and two of their variants) to a set of automotive software product lines from General Motors. We discuss the design of the analysis pipeline used in this process, present its scalability results, and provide a means to visualize the analysis results for a subset of products ﬁltered by feature expression. We also reﬂect on some of the lessons learned throughout this project.
Molecular mapping of the Aegilops speltoides-derived leaf rust resistance gene Lr36 in common wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: Pourkhorshid Zahra , Dadkhodaie Ali , Niazi‎ Ali 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. is the most prevalent wheat rust worldwide and occurs annually wherever wheat is grown. The most economical and environmentally friendly method to control this fungal disease is genetic resistance, which is achieved through deploying effective resistance genes. Tightly-linked molecular markers facilitate gene tagging and their deployment with other resistance genes which in turn contribute to durable leaf rust resistance.‎ The leaf rust resistance gene Lr36 derived from Aegilops speltoides Taush and introgressed into hexaploid wheat by backcrossing, is located on chromosome 6BS. Despite detection of low frequencies of virulence for this gene, no molecular markers are available for marker-assisted selection in disease resistance breeding. Therefore, this research aimed at analysis of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked with Lr36 in an F2 population from a cross between the Lr36-carrying line (ER84018) and the susceptible cultivar; Boolani. Of 36 primer pairs on chromosome 6BS tested for polymorphism in parents and resistant and susceptible bulks, eight were polymorphic of which the markers Xgwm88 and Xcfd13 flanked Lr36 by 3.8 and 5.2 cM, respectively. Evaluation of these markers on 35 genotypes from different backgrounds including few Australian wheat leaf rust differential sets, Iranian landraces and cultivars, and several cultivars and/or breeding lines from Switzerland and Afghanistan, confirmed that they can be used in selection for Lr36 in wheat breeding programs.
ZMIZ1 Affects Invasion and Metastasis of Wilms Tumor by Regulating Notch Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Jing , Li Na , Zheng He , Lee Learn-Han , Ser Hooi-Leng , Jiang Li , Chen Jian , Wang Jing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAs kidney cancer affects children primarily, Wilms tumor (WT) is known as pediatric embryonic cancer stemmed from pluripotent embryonic renal precursor cells. Among many studied genes, ZMIZ1 has been implicated in cancer etiology, but its specific role in tumor development and progression remains questionable. MethodsThe expression of ZMIZ1 in WT was evaluated by searching the bioinformatics database. Clinical samples of WT tissue were collected, and the expression of ZMIZ1 in tumor and adjacent normal tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Lentivirus was applied to downregulate ZMIZ1 in human WT cells. The effect of ZMIZ1 gene on invasion and metastasis of tumor cells was analyzed by wound healing assays and Transwell assays. QRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of key genes in the Notch signaling pathway. Finally, to investigate the function of ZMIZ1 gene in vivo, a nude mouse lung metastasis model was constructed, and immunohistochemistry was performed.ResultsImmunohistochemistry revealed a significant up-regulation of ZMIZ1 in WT tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. A thorough analysis of the Oncomine database yield similar results, supporting the role of ZMIZ1 in WT. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the knockdown of ZMIZ1 inhibited the invasion and metastasis of WT. Moreover, further studies demonstrated that ZMIZ1-mediated invasion and metastasis of WT depended on the Notch signaling pathway. ConclusionIn a word, ZMIZ1 may be a potential target to affect the invasion and metastasis, which might provide a new promising therapeutic strategy for WT.
Early Life Circadian Rhythm Disruption Alters Brain and Behavior in Adulthood
Authors: Ameen Rafal W. , Warshawski Allison , Fu Lucia , Antle Michael C 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Healthy sleep supports robust development of the brain and behavior. Modern society presents a host of challenges that can impair and disrupt critical circadian rhythms that reinforce optimal physiological functioning, including the proper timing and consolidation of sleep. While the acute effects of inadequate sleep and disrupted circadian rhythms are being defined, the adverse developmental consequences of disrupted sleep and circadian rhythms are understudied. Here, we exposed mice to disrupting light-dark cycles from birth until weaning and demonstrate that such exposure has adverse impacts on brain and behavior as adults. Mice that experience early-life circadian disruption exhibit more anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze, poorer spatial memory in the Morris Water Maze, and impaired working memory in a delayed match-to-sample task. Additionally, neuron morphology in the amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex is adversely impacted. Pyramidal cells in these areas had smaller dendritic fields, and pyramidal cells in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus also exhibited diminished branching orders. Disrupted mice were also hyperactive as adults, but otherwise exhibited no alteration in adult circadian locomotor rhythms. These results highlight that circadian disruption early in life may have long lasting and far-reaching consequences for the development of behavior and the brain.
Evaluation of the Performance of CMIP6 Model Simulations for the Asian-Pacific Region: Perspectives from Multiple Dimensions
Authors: Song Shuaifeng , Zhang Xuezhen , Yan Xiaodong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A comprehensive climate model assessment from multiple dimensions is critical for model selection to reduce uncertainties. Here, we evaluated the performance of seven models involved in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project-6 (CMIP6) by comparing the simulated meteorological variables at the near-surface (sea ice cover and sea surface temperature) and pressure levels (air temperature, specific humidity, zonal wind, meridional wind, and geopotential height at 850 hPa, 500 hPa, and 200 hPa) to those using ERA5 reanalysis data for the 1995-2014 period from the perspectives of climatological and interannual variability. Then, a comprehensive rating index approach was applied to rank the models. The results show that the CMIP6 models could mostly reproduce the spatial variability of the climatology. However, there were also systematic biases. The sea ice cover and sea surface temperature exhibited noticeable biases of approximately -13.2% and 0.6 °C, respectively. Additionally, all models underestimated air temperature and geopotential height, while overestimating specific humidity in the middle troposphere and zonal and meridional wind speeds in the upper troposphere. Regarding interannual variability, the CMIP6 models performed well for the variables at a pressure level of 850 hPa and with sea ice cover. Taken together, all variables showed that NorESM2-MM exhibited good performance in terms of climatology, while MPI-ESM1-2-LR exhibited good interannual variability. Overall, in regard to the comprehensive rate index, MPI-ESM1-2-LR performed the best among the seven models. This study provides valuable scientific references for selecting the available CMIP6 models as lateral boundary conditions towards dynamical downscaling over Asian-Pacific area.