bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urbanisation-driven land degradation and socioeconomic challenges in peri-urban areas: Insights from Southern Europe
Authors: Seifollahi-Aghmiuni Samaneh , Kalantari Zahra , Egidi Gianluca , Gaburova Luisa , Salvati Luca 
Published: January 2022

AbstractClimate change and landscape transformation have led to rapid expansion of peri-urban areas globally, representing new ‘laboratories’ for the study of human–nature relationships aiming at land degradation management. This paper contributes to the debate on human-driven land degradation processes by highlighting how natural and socioeconomic forces trigger soil depletion and environmental degradation in peri-urban areas. The aim was to classify and synthesise the interactions of urbanisation-driven factors with direct or indirect, on-site or off-site, and short-term or century-scale impacts on land degradation, focussing on Southern Europe as a paradigmatic case to address this issue. Assuming complex and multifaceted interactions among influencing factors, a relevant contribution to land degradation was shown to derive from socioeconomic drivers, the most important of which were population growth and urban sprawl. Viewing peri-urban areas as socio-environmental systems adapting to intense socioeconomic transformations, these factors were identified as forming complex environmental ‘syndromes’ driven by urbanisation. Based on this classification, we suggested three key measures to support future land management in Southern European peri-urban areas.
How to protect privacy in a datafied society? A presentation of multiple legal and conceptual approaches
Authors: Gstrein Oskar J. , Beaulieu Anne 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe United Nations confirmed that privacy remains a human right in the digital age, but our daily digital experiences and seemingly ever-increasing amounts of data suggest that privacy is a mundane, distributed and technologically mediated concept. This article explores privacy by mapping out different legal and conceptual approaches to privacy protection in the context of datafication. It provides an essential starting point to explore the entwinement of technological, ethical and regulatory dynamics. It clarifies why each of the presented approaches emphasises particular aspects and analyses the tensions that arise. The resulting overview provides insight into the main strengths and limitations of the different approaches arising from specific traditions. This analytic overview therefore serves as a key resource to analyse the usefulness of the approaches in the context of the increasing datafication of both private and public spheres.Specifically, we contrast the approach focusing on data subjects whose data are being ‘protected’ with others, including Fair Information Practice Principles, the German right to ‘informational self-determination’, and the South American ‘habeas data’ doctrine. We also present and contrast emerging approaches to privacy (differential privacy, contextual integrity, group privacy) and discuss their intersection with datafication. In conclusion, we put forth that rather than aiming for one single solution that works worldwide and across all situations, it is essential to identify synergies and stumbling blocks between the various regulatory settings and newly emerging approaches.
The synergistic action of cyclodextrin-based adsorbent and advanced oxidation processes for sulfamethoxazole removal from water
Authors: Rizzi V. , Romita R. , Gómez-López V. M. , Gubitosa J. , Gabaldón J. A. , Gorbe M. I. Fortea , Gómez-Morte T. , Cosma P. , Fini P. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this work, the removal of sulfamethoxazole from water was studied by adsorption on a cyclodextrin–epichlorohydrin copolymer and through Advanced Oxidation Processes. The adsorption was efficient and fast, requiring only 10 min to reach the equilibrium; it was also highly favored, with adsorption efficiency higher than 80%, at slightly acidic pH and at room temperature. The desorption of sulfamethoxazole was obtained by raising the temperature to 80 °C. The regenerated polymer has been reused multiple times without any loss in performance, allowing a reduction in costs associated with the process. As an alternative method to regenerate the adsorbent material, the photodegradation of sulfamethoxazole adsorbed on the polymer alone and in the presence of TiO2 as a catalyst through continuous irradiation with UV light and Pulsed Light was attempted and studied. For this purpose, polymeric adsorbents containing different amounts of TiO2 were synthesized and tested. The Pulsed Light showed the highest efficiency since it allowed the complete removal of sulfamethoxazole, regardless of the presence of TiO2 which, however, reduces adsorption efficiency of the material. Furthermore, a qualitative assessment of formed pulsed light by-products was also attempted. The remains of SMX in solution were decomposed by Pulsed Light technology and the effect of the presence of hydrogen peroxide on the photodegradation process was also studied. Despite the presence of by-products after Advanced Oxidation Processes, the procedure proposed in this work is effective and easy to apply to water treatment plants, thanks to the use of environmental-friendly adsorbents and light sources.

Graphical abstract
Making space for plural ontologies in fisheries governance: Ireland’s disobedient offshore islands
Authors: Brennan Ruth 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper contributes to the growing body of literature that engages with ontological scholarship on fisheries management and governance, and more generally, to debates on environmental governance. It argues that fisheries governance is an ontological challenge that raises questions of culture, equity, legitimacy and inclusion/exclusion, requiring more context-sensitive and politically aware fisheries governance approaches. By engaging with the concept of political ontology, and drawing from empirical research carried out in Ireland’s offshore islands, five ontological assumptions are identified that underpin Irish fisheries governance and management policies and practices and categorised as social-historical, ecological, geographical, technocratic and markets-driven. Articulating and examining these assumptions provide insights into why policy objectives aimed at supporting small-scale fisheries and their communities may, in practice, not be effective when they are operationalised within a governance paradigm designed around the realities of large-scale, full-time, highly mobile and more economically productive operators. Despite the efforts of ontologically disobedient islanders, the enactment of these ontological assumptions into the dominant world of fisheries governance inhibits the emergence of possible worlds that would enact Irish island inshore fisheries through island logics. The paper concludes that the squeeze on Ireland’s island inshore fishers is not simply spatial, it is ontological. A dominant fisheries ontology has been created by the interplay of ontological assumptions. This dominant ontology undermines the State’s critical policy to maintain and manage Irish fisheries as a public resource in order to avoid the concentration of fishing opportunities into the hands of large and powerful fishing interests.
Toward Entity Alignment in the Open World: An Unsupervised Approach with Confidence Modeling
Authors: Zhao Xiang , Zeng Weixin , Tang Jiuyang , Li Xinyi , Luo Minnan , Zheng Qinghua 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEntity alignment (EA) aims to discover the equivalent entities in different knowledge graphs (KGs). It is a pivotal step for integrating KGs to increase knowledge coverage and quality. Recent years have witnessed a rapid increase of EA frameworks. However, state-of-the-art solutions tend to rely on labeled data for model training. Additionally, they work under the closed-domain setting and cannot deal with entities that are unmatchable. To address these deficiencies, we offer an unsupervised framework that performs entity alignment in the open world. Specifically, we first mine useful features from the side information of KGs. Then, we devise an unmatchable entity prediction module to filter out unmatchable entities and produce preliminary alignment results. These preliminary results are regarded as the pseudo-labeled data and forwarded to the progressive learning framework to generate structural representations, which are integrated with the side information to provide a more comprehensive view for alignment. Finally, the progressive learning framework gradually improves the quality of structural embeddings and enhances the alignment performance. Furthermore, noticing that the pseudo-labeled data are of various qualities, we introduce the concept of confidence to measure the probability of an entity pair of being true and develop a confidence-based unsupervised EA framework . Our solutions do not require labeled data and can effectively filter out unmatchable entities. Comprehensive experimental evaluations validate the superiority of our proposals .
Pericardial dual mesh uptake on PET scan mimicking residual mesothelioma; a case report
Authors: Kakamad Fahmi H. , Ali Rebaz M. , Mohammed Diyar A. , Salih Abdulwahid M. , Hussein Dahat A. , Mustafa Mohammed Q. , Mohammed Shvan H. , Hussein Shakhawan I. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive cancer that typically arises from the mesothelial linings of the lungs. The current study presents a rare case of MPM with a good clinical response to chemotherapy, associated with pericardial dual mesh uptake in PET scan upon follow up.

Case presentation:
A 33-year-old male presented with dyspnea, severe headache for a period of a month. He had history dendritic cell sarcoma which had been managed by 21 cycles of radiotherapy. Chest x. ray showed multiple pleural based masses. Chest computed tomography scan showed multiple lobulated pleural masses involving right hemithorax. Pleural biopsy showed epithelial type-mesothelioma. The patient underwent 3 sessions of combination chemotherapy followed by pleurectomy. The patient's response to chemotherapy was optimal and 5 month-PET scan follow up showed uptake by the implanted mesh.

Discussion:
MPM is reported to be directly linked to asbestos exposure with poor prognosis. The current optimal management regarding MPM is lacking. Even though PET scan is highly sensitive, sites of infections, inflammation, and healing of surgical scars have been reported to show uptake, leading to a false positive result.

Conclusion:
The best therapeutic approach regarding MPM can be multimodal therapies that include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy before and after surgery. PET scan follow up of patients with previous mesh implantations can show uptake and mimic malignancy.

Highlights
CO2-Laser therapy and Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Filippini Maurizio , Porcari Irene , Ruffolo Alessandro F. , Casiraghi Arianna , Farinelli Miriam , Uccella Stefano , Franchi Massimo , Candiani Massimo , Salvatore Stefano 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a widespread condition with a great impact on quality of life and self-image.

Aim
We aimed to systematically review the current literature on CO2-Laser therapy efficacy for the treatment of GSM.

Methods
MEDLINE and Embase databases were systematically queried in December 2020 Studies included women with a diagnosis of Vulvo-Vaginal Atrophy (VVA) or GSM without an history of gynaecological and/or breast cancer, pelvic organ prolapse staged higher than 2, pelvic radiotherapy or Sjogren’s Syndrome. The quality of the evidence was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. This study is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42021238121.

Outcomes
Effects of CO2-Laser therapy on GSM symptoms assessed through subjective or objective efficacy measurement methods.

Results
A total of 803 articles were identified. Of these, 25 studies were included in this review for a total of 1,152 patients. All studies showed a significant reduction in VVA and/or GSM symptoms (dryness, dyspareunia, itching, burning, dysuria). The pooled mean differences for the symptoms were: dryness -5.15 (95% CI:-5.72,-4.58; P &lt; .001; I2:62%; n = 296), dyspareunia -5.27 (95% CI:-5.93,-4.62; P &lt; .001; I2:68%; n = 296), itching -2.75 (95% CI:-4.0,-1.51; P &lt; .001; I2:93%; n = 281), burning -2.66 (95% CI:-3.75, -1.57; P &lt; .001; I2:86%; n = 296) and dysuria -2.14 (95% CI:-3.41,-0.87; P &lt; .001; I2:95%; n = 281). FSFI, WHIS and VMV scores also improved significantly. The pooled mean differences for these scores were: FSFI 10.8 (95% CI:8.41,13.37; P &lt; .001; I2:84%; n = 273), WHIS 8.29 (95% CI:6.16,10.42; P &lt; .001; I2:95%; n = 262) and VMV 30.4 (95% CI:22.38,38.55; P &lt; .001; I2:24%; n = 68). CO2-Laser application showed a beneficial safety profile and no major adverse events were reported.

Clinical Implications
Vaginal laser treatment resulted in both a statistically and clinically significant improvement in GSM symptoms. FSFI improved significantly in all 8 included studies but it reached a clinically relevant level only in 2 of them.

Strengths & Limitations
The strength of the current meta-analysis is the comprehensive literature search. We reported data from a high number of patients (1,152) and high number of laser applications (more than 3,800). The main limitations are related to the high heterogeneity of the included studies investigating laser effects. Moreover, most of them are single center and nonrandomized studies.

Conclusion
The data suggest that CO2-Laser is a safe energy-based therapeutic option for the management of VVA and/or GSM symptoms in postmenopausal women; however, the quality of the body of evidence is “very low” or “low”.
Talking About Sexuality with Youth: A Taboo in Psychiatry?
Authors: Bungener Sara L. , Post Laura , Berends Inez , Steensma Thomas D. , de Vries Annelou L.C. , Popma Arne 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Young people who have psychiatric problems are more likely than their peers to endure difficulties during their sexual and gender identity development.

Aim
This study aims to examine the communication between mental health care providers and their patients about the topics of relations, sexuality and gender identity, including a description of professionals’ attitudes toward these topics and the factors that contribute to and inhibit communication.

Methods
Study participants (n = 242, response rate = 31%) were a representative sample of a large multicenter cohort of 768 mental health care professionals (eg, medical doctors, psychiatrists, psychologists, group counselors, parent counselors) of 7 institutions and 5 solo practices in the Netherlands, who completed a survey on communication about sexuality and gender identity with their young patients (age 12–21 years).

Outcomes
Sexuality and gender identity are infrequently discussed by mental health care providers with their young patients or their patients’ parents.

Results
Of the study sample, 99.5 % valued sexuality as an important topic to discuss with their patients. However, only 17.1% of the professionals reported that they discussed sexuality-related issues with the majority (&gt;75%) of their patients (adolescents: 19.9%, parents: 14.4%) Additionally, only 2.3 % of the participants discussed gender nonconformity regularly with patients. Information about sexual side effects of prescribed medication was infrequently (20.3%) provided: antidepressants (40.0%), antipsychotics (34.0%), benzodiazepines (5.1%) and stimulants (2.4%). The most frequently cited reasons for not discussing these topics were a lack of awareness, own feelings of discomfort, and the patients’ supposed feelings of shame. There was no gender differences observed.

Clinical implications
Recommendations for professionals include to be aware of these topics, initiating age-appropriate conversation and use inclusive language.

Strengths and limitations
The present study included a diverse and representative group of mental health care professionals. Frequency of sexual communication was based on self-report, which brings a risk of bias.

Conclusion
Despite a recognized need to engage in age-appropriate communication about sexuality and gender identity in youth mental health care, mental health providers seem to remain hesitant to discuss such topics.
Late Paleozoic Southward Migration of the Dananhu Arc in the Eastern Tianshan (NW China)
Authors: Mao Qigui , Ao Songjian , Windley Brian F. , Song Dongfang , Sang Miao , Tan Zhou , Wang Hao , Li Rui , Xiao Wenjiao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe process of continental growth and closure of the Paleo‐Asian Ocean are controversial. To address this problem, we report new geochemical and geochronological data of granitic rocks along a N‐S corridor of the Dananhu arc. These rocks yield 401–270 Ma U‐Pb zircon ages. The arc‐related granites are enriched in the light rare earth elements (LREE), Rb, Ba, Th, Sr and Pb, but depleted in Nb and Ta, and have high zircons values of εHf(t) (+7.7−+19.6) and εNd(t) (+5.4−+7.2); they were possibly generated by partial melting of juvenile intermediate or mafic arc crust. A 356 Ma high‐K calc‐alkaline granite has high Ga/Al (3.28–3.37), low Mg# (14–16), and high zircon εHf(t) (+8.9−+12.0); it can be classified as A2‐type‐granite, suggesting it was a product of substantial fractional crystallization of a mantle‐derived arc‐related magma in an intra‐arc extensional setting. The youngest granite (254 Ma) is an adakite‐like granite which is characterized by high Sr/Y (26–38), depletion in heavy rare earth elements (HREE), and high εNd(t) (+7.0) and εHf (t) (+10.4 to +15.4) values, most likely it was derived from a subducted oceanic slab. Therefore, all the granitic rocks formed in subduction‐related settings. The granitic rocks are generally young southwards from the Kezier area (ca. 401–335 Ma) to the Tuwu area (334–315 Ma), and to the Kanguer area (ca. 280–254 Ma), indicating that the arc grew southwards, and the Paleo‐Asian Ocean closed possibly after 254 Ma. Therefore, our data provide a robust constraint on the prolonged growth of the Altaids.
Comparative Study of the Variability of the Non‐Migrating Tide DE3 Using WACCM‐X Simulations and TIMED/SABER Observations
Authors: Li Xing , Ren Zhipeng , Cao Jinbin , Yu Yiqun , Wang Yuhan , Zhou Xu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBased on the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere extension (WACCM‐X) model outputs and Thermosphere‐Ionosphere‐Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED)/Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) observations, we examine the global structures and temporal variations, that is, climatological and meteorological characteristics, of the daily diurnal eastward propagating non‐migrating temperature tide with zonal wavenumber 3 component (DE3), which could drive the ionospheric longitudinal structure wavenumber 4 structure (WN4), from 2003 to 2012 within the ±45° latitudes in the Mesosphere and low thermosphere (MLT) region (with altitude of 75–108 km). For the climatological characteristics (i.e., long‐term variability such as inter‐ and intra‐annual variations), both the WACCM‐X model outputs and TIMED/SABER observations show that the DE3 tides have stronger amplitudes during boreal later summer and early autumn (July, August, and September), and show Quasi‐biennial oscillation phenomenon. Meanwhile, only the WACCM‐X model presents a weak peak of the DE3 in boreal winter (December, January, and February). As to the meteorological characteristics (i.e., short‐term variability such as day‐to‐day variations), it is found that: (a) the short‐term variabilities from both the model outputs and observations are stronger at low‐latitudes (<30°) and high altitudes (>100 km); (b) the two datasets display an obvious semi‐annual variation of the DE3 day‐to‐day variabilities with the monthly standard deviations larger during the solstices; (c) only from the WACCM‐X model outputs, the short‐term variability of the DE3 exhibit an annual variation with the monthly standard deviations larger in boreal winter, which is related to the small peak in the DE3 tidal amplitudes. Comparing the absolute amplitudes, the contribution of the wave phases play more important roles in the short‐term variation of the temperature DE3 tidal component from both the WACCM‐X model outputs and TIMED/SABER observations. Overall, the WACCM‐X model outputs can well reproduce the temporal variation of the non‐migrating tide DE3 in the MLT region, especially the day‐to‐day variability.
Two Contrasting Exhumation Scenarios of Deeply Subducted Continental Crust in North Pakistan
Authors: Zhang Dingding , Ding Lin , Chen Yi , Schertl Hans‐Peter , Qasim Muhammad , Jadoon Umair Khan , Wang Houqi , Li Jinxiang , Zhang Liyun , Yue Yahui , Xie Jing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn Western Himalayan Syntaxis, the India‐Asia continental collision occurred at ca. 50 Ma, while its uplift history and exhumation mechanism are still in dispute despite decades of studies. A new type of eclogite was found in Naran, located ca. 30 km southwest of the Upper Kaghan Valley. Phase equilibrium calculations and thermobarometer performed on the Naran eclogite documented the peak‐P metamorphic condition of 720–780°C at 2.4–2.8 GPa. Two further exhumation stages were identified with the first one at high‐P granulite‐facies conditions of 750–800°C at 1.6–1.9 GPa, and the second at amphibolite‐facies conditions of 550–630°C at 0.5–0.8 GPa. SIMS U‐Pb dating of metamorphic zircons yielded an age of 46 ± 2 Ma, which is interpreted to constrain the high‐P metamorphism age along the northwestern margin of the Indian plate. SIMS U‐Pb dating of rutile yielded a cooling age of 26 ± 3 Ma, which is interpreted as cooling age in the amphibolite facies. The average speculated exhumation rate of the Naran massif (∼3 mm a−1) was much lower than that recovered from the Upper Kaghan Valley massif (86–143 mm a−1). The tectonic and metamorphic evolution of the whole Western Himalayan Syntaxis shows the difference in temporal and spatial change within the Paleogene era, indicating the inconsistent exhumation histories of the continental slices. Such a multi‐slice exhumation process was probably related to the closure of the Neo‐Tethys ocean and the break‐off of the Indian lithospheric slab.
Moisture Sources for Precipitation Associated With Major Hurricanes During 2017 in the North Atlantic Basin
Authors: Pérez‐Alarcón Albenis , Coll‐Hidalgo Patricia , Fernández‐Alvarez José C. , Sorí Rogert , Nieto Raquel , Gimeno Luis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe 2017 North Atlantic tropical cyclone season was among the most active in the last two decades, with 17 named storms, of which six reached the major hurricane (MH) intensity: Harvey, Irma, Jose, Lee, Maria, and Ophelia. In this study, the water vapor sources for precipitation for these six MHs were examined using a Lagrangian approach. The particle dispersion model, FLEXPART, was used to identify moisture sources. Overall, the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, and the Gulf of Mexico were identified as the main moisture sources, supplying ∼75%–85% of the atmospheric humidity gained by tropical cyclones, which resulted in precipitation associated with the MHs. However, the South Atlantic Ocean also contributed considerable humidity (∼14%–20%), and the remaining ∼1%–5% originated from the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean. The accumulated moisture uptake higher than the 90th percentile generally appeared within approximately 3° to 5° of the TC trajectory.