bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative pleth variability index-based fluid therapy and elderly gastrointestinal surgical outcomes: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Yue , Zheng Jin , W Caineng , Dong Xue , Guo Zhijia , Wu Xinhai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Intraoperative goal-directed fluid therapy(GDFT) have been reported to reduce postoperative complications of the patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. The clinical benefits of pleth variability index(PVI) directed fluid management for gastrointestinal(GI) surgical patients remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of GDFT based on the PVI on elderly GI surgical outcomes.
METHODS: This randomised controlled trial was conducted in two university teaching hospitals from November 2017 to December 2020. A total of 220 older adults undergoing GI surgery were randomised to the GDFT group or conventional fluid therapy（CFT）group (n=110 each). The primary outcome was a composite of complications within 30 postoperative days. The secondary outcomes were cardiopulmonary complications , time to first flatus, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)and postoperative length of stay(PLOS)
RESULTS: The total volumes of fluid administered were less in the GDFT group than in the CFT group (2500(2000, 3100)vs2075(1900, 2600), P=0.008). In intention-to-treat analysis, we found no difference in overall complications between groups: (41.3%) (CFT group) vs (43.0%) (GDFTgroup) (OR=0.935; 95% CI, 0.541-1.615; P=0.809). The proportion of cardiopulmonary complication was higher in CFT group compared with GDFT group(19.2% vs 8.4%; OR=2.593, 95% CI, 1.120-5.999; P =0.022 ). No other differences were identified between two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Among elderly patients undergoing GI surgery, intraoperative GDFT based on the simple and noninvasive PVI did not reduce the occurrence of composite postoperative complications but was associated with a lower cardiopulmonary complication compared with usual fluid management.
‘Something that facilitates our work…rather than a hindrance’: Clinical pharmacist perspectives on the use of data analytics to support polypharmacy medication reviews in primary care
Authors: Ruth Hurley , Jury Francine , Tjeerd P. van Staa , Palin Victoria , Christopher J. Armitage 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Polypharmacy and overprescribing pose an enormous challenge to safe healthcare and efficient use of resources. Patient record data could inform safer prescribing and deprescribing, but it is unclear how these complex data should be summarised and displayed to clinicians. The current study examined the perspectives of clinical pharmacists (CPs), a newly expanding workforce of primary care medication specialists, to explore ways that novel analytics could help improve health outcomes for frail and elderly (>65yrs) patients.
Methods: The utility of novel analytics interventions were discussed in an exploratory scoping workshop. Health risk data for frail and elderly patients with polypharmacy (modelled from extensive national datasets) were presented to primary care clinical pharmacists (n=14). Verbal and textual comments were thematically analysed using the framework method (exploratory content analysis) combining inductive and deductive approaches.
Results: Overarching themes of data use, data reservations and digital tools acceptance factors were identified. Respondents highlighted several uses for polypharmacy analytics interventions, including increased knowledge of clinical effects of drug-drug interactions, the ability to prioritise high-risk patients for reviews and medication to deprescribing (e.g., highlighting cumulative medication risk). Data reservations were linked to existing barriers (such as cognitive overload from existing systems and patient explainability) meaning that CPs’ acceptance of digital analytics tools is heavily contingent on facilitators such as ease of use, clear targeted purpose and the ability to support clinicians’ understanding and confidence in evaluation of analytics for patient care decisions.
Conclusion: The workshop helped to identify promising analytics and features for polypharmacy intervention development. Patient record data could help address a concerning deficit in evidence of real-world medication interactions, and help clinicians prioritise medication reviews. Barriers to use of digital tools for novel analytics must be addressed and criteria for acceptable user-focused tools are suggested.
Effects of Macrophage Depletion and Transplantation on Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw-like Lesions in Mice
Authors:   Ryohei Kozutsumi1, Kuroshima Shinichiro , Sasaki Muneteru , Kaneko Haruka , A. Al-Omari Farah , Hayano Hiroki , Nakajima Kazunori , Kakehashi Hiroe , Sawase Takashi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a potentially intractable disease with no definitive pathophysiology and treatment and prevention strategies. Cell-based therapy is one of the useful methods for resolving intractable diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether time-selective depletion and transplantation of macrophages worsens and ameliorates, respectively, BRONJ-like lesions in mice.
Methods: A murine model of high-prevalence BRONJ-like lesions in combination with zoledronate/chemotherapeutic drug administration and tooth extraction was created according to our previous studies. Daily submucosal administration of clodronate-loaded liposomes and systemic transplantation of cultured M2 macrophages induced by macrophage colony-stimulation factor and interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 were performed immediately after tooth extraction. Spleens, femora, tibiae, and maxillae were dissected 2 weeks after extraction to evaluate BRONJ-like lesions and systemic conditions by micro-computed tomography analysis, followed by histomorphometric and immunofluorescent analyses, and serum was assessed with ELISA.
Results: Depletion of macrophages significantly decreased the numbers of local and systemic macrophages, which markedly worsened osseous healing with increased necrotic bone and empty lacunae and soft tissue healing with decreased collagen production and increased infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells. Interestingly, depletion of macrophages significantly shifted macrophage polarization to M1 macrophages by increased M1 macrophages and decreased M2 macrophages. On the other hand, transplantation of M2 macrophages significantly increased the number of local macrophages, but not systemic macrophages, resulting in amelioration and/or cure of early-stage BRONJ-like lesions by promoting osseous and soft tissue healing, with increased distributions of blood and lymphatic vessels and shifting macrophage polarization to M2 macrophages in the connective tissue of the early stages of BRONJ-like lesions.
Conclusions: These data demonstrated that polarization shifting of macrophages is one of the essential factors for development or healing of BRONJ. Cell-based therapy using M2 macrophages could become a useful treatment and/or prevention strategy for BRONJ if safe procedures are established.
Sulfamethazine sorption, degradation, and the percentage of sulfamethazine degradation products in solid, liquid, and gas phase in soil
Authors: Ishikawa Nao , Osanai Yunosuke , Sato Yuki , Hosono Taiti , Sasamoto Makoto , ITO Ayumi , Ishii Nobuyoshi , Tagami Keiko 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Animal waste contains some antibiotics administered to livestock. Therefore, when they are applied to agricultural land as compost, the antibiotics are released into the soil environment. This study investigated sulfamethazine (SMZ) sorption and degradation in three types of soil and their behavioral mechanisms. Furthermore, a tracer experiment using SMZ labeled 14C was conducted to obtain the percentage of degradation products of SMZ in gray lowland soil. SMZ was degraded with contact time in andosol and gray lowland soil, whereas little degradation and sorption were observed in brown forest soil. Furthermore, SMZ degradation was suggested to be a contributor, because of the activity of soil microorganisms. Moreover, the soil sorbed some SMZ degradation products, and the others rapidly degraded to CO2.
Intraoperative thermal infrared imaging in neurosurgery: machine learning approaches for advanced segmentation of tumors.
Authors: Cardone Daniela , Trevisi Gianluca , Perpetuini David , Filippini Chiara , Merla Arcangelo , Mangiola Annunziato 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Surgical resection is one of the most relevant practices in neurosurgery. Finding the correct surgical extent of the tumor is a key question and so far several techniques have been employed to assist the neurosurgeon in preserving the maximum amount of healthy tissue. Some of these methods are invasive for patients, not always allowing high precision in the detection of the tumor area. The aim of this study is to overcome these limitations, developing machine learning based models, relying on features obtained from a contactless and non-invasive technique, the thermal infrared (IR) imaging. The thermal IR videos of thirteen patients with heterogeneous tumors were recorded in the intraoperative context. After a baseline period, cold saline was injected, and the thermal pattern of the exposed cortex was recorded for two minutes. Time (TD)- and frequency (FD)-domain features were extracted and fed different machine learning models. Models relying on FD features have proven to be the best solutions for the optimal detection of the tumor area (Average Accuracy = 90.45%; Average Sensitivity = 84.64%; Average Specificity = 93,74%). The obtained results highlight the possibility to accurately detect the tumor lesion boundary with a completely non-invasive, contactless, and portable technology, revealing thermal IR imaging as a very promising tool for the neurosurgeon.
Behavior Change Communication is associated with human milk intake but not exclusive breastfeeding rate measured by deuterium-oxide turnover method among infants aged 4-5 months in rural Senegal
Authors: Diongue Ousmane , Diouf Adama , Ndour Pape Sitor , Faye Mane Hélène , Badiane Abdou , Thiam Mbeugué , Mama Olouwafemi Mistourath , Thiam El Hadji Momar , Dossou Nicole Idohou 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding promotion is widely recognized as one of the most cost-effective investments in promoting optimal child health, growth, and development. Several studies have shown that breastfeeding education and counselling interventions have a significant impact on improving breastfeeding practices, including exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates. However, very few studies have evaluated the association between breastfeeding educations on infant breast milk intake. The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of behavior change communication provided by the Nutrition Enhancement Program (NEP) on infant breast milk intake and breastfeeding practices.
Methods: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study in 12 Local Communities in rural Senegal of which 6 located in the NEP intervention area and the remaining, in the non-intervention area. Breast milk intake and EBF were measured using the deuterium dose-to-mother isotope dilution in 140 mother-infant pairs aged 4-5 months. The 24-hour recall questionnaire was also use to assess EBF. The nutritional status of mothers and infants were measured by anthropometry. Student's t-test, ANOVA, and chi-square test and McNemar test were used to compare means and percentages. A mixed model linear regression was performed to identify the associated factors of breast milk intake, measured by reference method.
Results: Breast milk intake was significantly higher in infants from the NEP area (994.7 ±197.3 g/d), compared to those from the non-NEP area (913.6 ± 222.8) g/d), p=0.023. Consumption of water from sources other than breast milk was not different between the groups. EBF rate measured by DTM was 37.0% and 28.4% in the NEP area and the non-NEP area, respectively. There was no difference on exclusive breastfeeding rate between the two areas regardless of evaluation method. Stunting and wasting were associated with lower milk intake of 119.1 g/d and 199.6 g/d respectively.
Conclusions: Breast milk intake of 4-5 months old infants is higher in the NEP area where breastfeeding education and counselling are provided to mothers compared to the non-NEP area. There was no influence of the intervention on EBF rates between the two areas. Lower breast milk consumption was associated with stunting and wasting.
Methyl Jasmonate Promotes the Growth of Rosa Roxburghii via Balanceing Pathways referring to Indoleacetic acid (IAA) and Triterpenes.
Authors: Ning Yuan , Ding Yun-kun , Chang Yuan-hang , Zhang Su , Fu Yu-jie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Exogenous phytohormones has become a common strategy to study plant stress and defense, which triggering complex and diverse cross-actions between endogenous phytohormones, which significantly regulate plant growth and defense. In this study, Methyl Jasmonate (MeJA) promoted the most obvious growth phenotype among four different exogenous phytohormones, especially promoted the growth of roots obviously. Subsequently, principal component analysis between physicochemical indexes and MeJA treatment suggested that MeJA promoted the growth of R. Roxburghii. MeJA could increase the contents of JA-Ile, IAA and triterpenoids. qPCR results showed that key genes in the JA signal transduction pathway up-regulated trends. And tryptophan synthesis genes, ANTHRANILATE AYNTHASE α1/β1 (ASA1/ASB1), IAA receptor protein gene TIR1, as well as the IAA polar transport protein gene PIN2 were all up-regulated by MeJA treatment. While, seven key genes of triterpene synthesis pathway performed a similar up-regulated trends. The results of the chord diagram analysis indicated there might be possible mutual regulation relationship among exogenous MeJA, endogenous JA-Ile, IAA and triterpenoids. The correlation analysis among triterpenoids, IAA and JA-Ile suggested that exogenous MeJA could promote the growth of Rosa Roxburghii through regulating the JA signal tranduction pathway, synthesis and transport of IAA. At the meanwhile, MeJA promoted the synthesis of triterpenoids which could not only regulate the root growth, but also make Rosa Roxburghii a certain defense ability. Finally, we speculate that exogenous MeJA pushed endogenous JA-Ile and IAA involved in regulated the metabolism of triterpenoids, they together regulated the positive growth of plants.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Femtosecond-Enabled Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty and Standard Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (FEDS Study)
Authors: Sorkin Nir , Hatch Wendy , Mimouni Michael , Chew Hall , Rootman David , Slomovic Allan , Bujak Matthew , Chan Clara , Thorpe Kevin , Zuo Fei , Perez Mauricio , Stiuso Vera , Singal Neera 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To compare outcomes of femtosecond-enabled deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (FE-DALK) and standard deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (S-DALK).
Methods
An open-label, randomized controlled trial (Kensington Eye Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada) including 100 eyes of 97 participants with either keratoconus or corneal scarring, randomized to either FE-DALK (n = 48) or S-DALK (n = 49). Primary outcomes: postoperative astigmatism and surgically induced corneal astigmatism (SIA) – both at 15 months. Secondary outcomes: 6-, 12- and 15-month postoperative uncorrected- and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, steep and flat keratometry, manifest sphere and astigmatism, rate of conversion to penetrating keratoplasty (PK), big-bubble success, central corneal thickness, endothelial cell count and complications.
Results
In intention-to-treat analysis, mean postoperative astigmatism in the FE-DALK (n = 30) and S-DALK (n = 30) groups at 15 months was 7.8±4.4 D and 6.3±5.0 D, respectively (p = 0.282) with an adjusted mean difference of 1.3 D (95% CI -1.08,+3.65). Mean SIA (arithmetic) was 9.2±7.8 and 8.8±5.4 D, respectively (p = 0.838) with a mean difference of 0.4 D (95% CI -3.13,+3.85). In an analysis of successful DALK cases only, mean postoperative astigmatism in the FE-DALK (n = 24) and S-DALK (n = 20) groups at 15 months (after excluding 4 eyes with AEs) was 7.3±4.4 and 6.2±4.9 D, respectively (p = 0.531) with an adjusted mean difference of 0.9 D (95% CI -1.94,+3.71). Mean SIA (arithmetic) was 9.1±7.8 and 7.9±4.6 D, respectively (p = 0.547) with a mean difference of 1.2 D (95% CI -2.70,+5.02). Comparison of secondary outcomes showed only weak statistical evidence.
Conclusions
In this randomized controlled trial, FE-DALK and S-DALK showed comparable functional and anatomical outcomes.
Hadoop Distributed File System for Big data analysis
Authors: Almansouri Hatim , Masmoudi Youssef 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Hadoop is framework that is processing data with large volume that cannot be processed by conventional systems. Hadoop has management file system called Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) that has NameNode and DataNode where the data is divided into blocks based on the total size of dataset. In addition, Hadoop has MapReduce where the dataset is processed in Mapping phase and then reducing phase. Using Hadoop for big data analysis has been revealed important information that can be used for analytical purpose and enabling new products. Big data could be found in many different resources such as social networks, web server logs, broadcast audio streams and banking transactions. In this paper, we illustrated the main steps to setup Hadoop and MapReduce. The illustrated version in this work is the latest released of Hadoop 3.1.1 for big data analysis. A simplified pseudo code is provided to show the functionality of Map class and reduce class. The developed steps are applied with a given example that could be generalized with bigger data.
Financial News Summarisation using Transformer Neural Network
Authors: Patel Parth Mihir 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Transformer architecture, which is based on self-attention mechanism, revolutionised the field of NLP in 2017. It overcame many of the limitations of sequential and iterative approach of the previous popular architectures like LSTM. Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT), which is a type of transformer model, is one of the most powerful neural network architectures for the purpose of text summarisation. This paper elaborates how and why GPT-2 can be used for financial news summarisation.
What is the impact of Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion on the midfacial soft tissues? A prospective three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry study
Authors: Krijt Laura L. , Kapetanović Aldin , Sijmons Wouter , Bruggink Robin , Baan Frank , Bergé Stefaan J. , Noverraz René R.M. , Xi Tong , Schols Jan G.J.H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives

To evaluate the midfacial soft tissue changes of the face in patients treated with Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE).

Materials & Methods

3D facial images and intra-oral scans (IOS) of 29 patients (22 women, 7 men, mean age 25.9 years) were obtained before expansion (T0), immediately after completion of expansion (T1), and one year after expansion (T2). The 3D images were superimposed and two 3D distance maps were generated to measure the midfacial soft tissue changes: immediate effects between timepoints T0-T1 and overall effects between T0-T2. Changes of the alar width were also measured and dental expansion was measured as the interpremolar width (IPW) on IOS.

Results

The soft tissue in the regions of the nose, left of philtrum, right of philtrum and upper lip tubercle demonstrated a statistically significant anterior movement of 0.30mm, 0.93mm, 0.74mm and 0.81mm, respectively (p < 0.01) immediately after expansion (T0-T1). These changes persisted as an overall effect (T0-T2). The alar width initially increased by 1.59mm, and then decreased by 0.08mm after one year, but this effect was not significant. The IPW increased by 4.58mm and remained stable one year later. There was no significant correlation between the increase in IPW and alar width (r = 0.35, p = 0.06).

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that MARPE results in significant but small changes of the soft tissue in the peri-oral and nasal regions. However, the clinical importance of these findings is limited.

Clinical Relevance

MARPE is an effective treatment modality to expand the maxilla without notably affecting the midfacial soft tissues.
Crop rotation and inoculation increase soil bradyrhizobia population, soybean grain yields, and profitability
Authors: Sanzovo Alisson Wilson Santos , Silvestre Danilo Augusto , Goes Kelly Campos Guerra Pinheiro , Volsi Bruno , Constantino Leonel Vinicius , Bordin Ivan , Telles Tiago Santos , Andrade Diva Souza 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims Crop rotation systems and rhizobial inoculation are strategies to increase yield through organic matter addition and modulation of microbial diversity, yet the extent to which these agricultural practices change soil Bradyrhizobium populations, soybean grain yield and economic benefits to farmers are unclear. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the interaction between crop rotation and inoculation of soybean (Glycine max) cultivated in two contrasting soils (clayey and sandy soil) on biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) components, grain yields and profits.
Methods Field experiments with a three-year crop rotation system were carried out to compare effects of inoculation soil chemical attributes, the of bradyrhizobia most probable number (MPN) and diversity, soybean nodulation, grain yield and economic value.
Results The crop management system did not affect the soil MPN of bradyrhizobia, which was altered by the soil sampling time, with higher values during the postharvest period for the summer crops. In clayey soil, soybean nodulation was influenced by crop rotation. The grain yield of inoculated soybean in clayey soil was higher than that in sandy soil.
Conclusion The soybean response to inoculation is influenced by cropping history. Crop rotation and inoculation of soybean is a strategy for improving BNF components, grain yields and profits. Over time, diversified production systems with crop rotation and inoculation with nitrogen-fixing bacteria will make great contributions to environmental and economic sustainability.
p53 Dry Gene Powder Enhances Anti-cancer Effects of Chemotherapy against Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Muramatsu Naomi , Ichikawa Misa , Katagiri Tomoko , Taguchi Yumi , Hatanaka Takashi , Okuda Tomoyuki , Okamoto Hirokazu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Dry gene powder is a novel gene-delivery system, which is inhalable and not infectious with high gene expression. Previously, we showed that the transfection of p16INK4a or TP53 by dry gene powder resulted in growth inhibitions of lung cancer and malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) in vitro and in vivo. Here, we report that dry gene powder containing p53- expression-plasmid DNA enhanced the therapeutic effects of cisplatin (CDDP) against MPM even in the presence of endogenous p53. Furthermore, our results indicated that the safe transfection with a higher plasmid DNA (pDNA) concentration suppressed MPM growth independently of chemotherapeutic agents. Dry gene powder may rescue chemoresistance and provide a new therapeutic alternative for MPM patients without safety concerns over “vector doses”.