bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid, spike, and neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated Japanese.
Authors: Midorikawa Rie , Nakama Moriyuki , Furukawa Hiroshi , Oka Shomi , Higuchi Takashi , Nagai Hideaki , Nagai Nobuhiro , Tohma Shigeto 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Serological detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid (N), spike (S), and neutralizing antibodies (Abs) is commonly undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination. However, the relative efficiency of different SARS-CoV-2 Ab detection systems has not been extensively investigated. Here, we evaluated serological test systems in vaccinated Japanese. SARS-CoV-2 N, S, and neutralizing Abs in sera of 375 healthy subjects a mean 253 days after vaccination were assessed. The sensitivity of Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S (Roche S) and Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S IgG (Fujirebio S) was 100% and 98.9%, respectively, with a specificity of 100% for both. The sensitivity of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing Ab (MBL Neu) was 2.7%, and the specificity was 100%. Fujirebio S correlated with Roche S (rho=0.9182, P=3.97X10-152). Fujirebio S (rho=0.1295, P=0.0121) and Roche S (rho=0.1232, P=0.0170) correlated weakly with MBL Neu. However, Roche S did correlate with MBL Neu in patients with COVID-19 (rho=0.8299, P=1.01X10-12) and in healthy subjects more recently after vaccination (mean of 90 days, rho=0.5306, P=0.0003). Thus, the Fujirebio S and Roche S results were very similar, but neither correlated with neutralizing antibody titers by MBL Neu at a later time after vaccination.
Comparison of Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Artery shunt and Glenn procedure for the Norwood Operation in patients with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: Miwa Koji , Iwai Shigemitsu , Nagashima Toshiaki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives. The Norwood procedure with a right ventricular-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) shunt for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) has been associated with improved postoperative hemodynamics and outcome. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Norwood procedure with an RV-PA shunt, and to compare the effect of the Norwood with an RV-PA shunt to the bidirectional Glenn anastomosis (BDG) and the total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). Methods. This is a retrospective chart review. Between January 2004 and July 2021, 36 patients with HLHS and its variants underwent BDG: 15 patients (6.5 ± 2.3 months) underwent Norwood with an RV-PA shunt (group S); 21 patients (4.0 ± 4.1 months) underwent Norwood with BDG (group G). Nine group S (24.5 ± 6.6 months) and 17 group G (41.0 ± 15.0 months) patients underwent TCPC. Results. Post-BDG pressure in the superior vena cava (SVC) was significantly lower in group S (13 ± 2 mmHg) than in G (18 ± 3 mmHg) (p < 0.01). Three patients in group S and 19 in group G underwent catheter intervention for pulmonary artery within 30 days after BDG (p < 0.01). The percentage of right ventricular end-diastolic volumewas significantly different (group S, 142 ± 41%; group G, 91 ± 28% (p < 0.01)). Conclusions. The Norwood procedure with an RV-PA shunt enabled maintenance of low pressure in SVC and avoidance of percutaneous intervention following BDG. We recommend monitoring the changes in myocardial function post-TCPC.
Manifestations, complications, and treatment of Neurobrucellosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: tajerian amin , Sofian Masoomeh , Zarinfar Nader , Ramezani Amitis 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Central nervous system involvement by Brucella species is the most morbid form of brucellosis disease. Studies on neurobrucellosis are scarce and limited to case reports and series. Brucella is unable to infect or harm neurons without the assistance of monocytes. This raises the question of whether ceftriaxone-based regimens are effective.
Methods
The primary aim of this study was to identify, evaluate, and summarize the findings of all relevant individual studies in the past 30 years to help better understand the disease. To achieve this, a broad systematic search was undertaken to identify all relevant records. Epidemiological and clinical features of the disease were assessed by the pooled analysis of descriptive studies. Through a meta-analysis, the treatment period duration was compared between the ceftriaxone-based and oral regimens using Standardized mean differences to measure effect size.
Results
448 patients were included in the Meta-analyses from 5 studies. A moderate positive effect was found for ceftriaxone-based regimens over oral treatments, and there was a significant difference between these two groups (SMD 0.428, 95% CI -0.63 to -0.22, I 2 = 37.64). Neurobrucellosis has a different clinical picture in pediatric patients. The disease is less chronic in children. Fever, nausea and vomiting, fatigue, and abdominal pain were significantly more prevalent symptoms in children, and Convulsions, ascites, sensorineural hearing loss, and papilledema were significantly more prevalent signs in children than adults.
Conclusion
It is recommended to initiate the treatment of neurobrucellosis with at least 14 days of IV ceftriaxone therapy in combination with oral therapy.
A Short Decision Time For Transcatheter Embolization Can Better Predict Mortality In Patients With Pelvic Fracture
Authors: Miyake Takahito , Okada Hideshi , Ishihara Takuma , Kanda Norihide , Mizuno Yosuke , Ichihashi Masahiro , Kamidani Ryo , Fukuta Tetsuya , Nachi Sho , Yoshida Takahiro , Nagata Shoma , Kawada Hiroshi , Matsuo Masayuki , Yoshida Shozo , Ogura Shinji 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Early use of hemostasis strategies, such as transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), is critical in cases of pelvic injury because these patients often experience hemorrhagic shock and other fatal injuries. We investigated the influence of delays in TAE administration on mortality.Methods: Patients admitted to the Advanced Critical Care Center at Gifu University with pelvic injury between January 2008 and December 2019 who underwent acute TAE were retrospectively enrolled. The time from when the doctor decided to administer TAE to the start of TAE (needling time) was defined as “decision-TAE time.”Results: We included 159 patients. The median decision-TAE time was 60 min. Twenty-four patients died. Kaplan–Meier curves for overall survival were compared between patients above and below the median cutoff value for decision-TAE time; survival was significantly better for patients below the median cutoff value (p=0.02). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that the longer the decision-TAE time, the higher the risk of mortality (p=0.037). A short TAE duration (procedure time) with a short decision-TAE time was associated with the best survival (p for interaction=0.023).Conclusions: Decision-TAE time may play a key role in establishing resuscitation in pelvic fracture patients, and efforts to shorten this time should be pursued.Trial registration: This observational study used retrospectively collected data.
Application of a novel osteotomy instrumentation as a substitute tool in total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Hu Yuehao , Zhang Jingwei , Sun Ziyang , Yu Degang , Li Huiwu , Zhu Zhenan , Mao Yuanqing , Yan Mengning , Zanjing Zhai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Mechanical failure, power shortage, and unexpected contamination of oscillating saw occasionally happened in actualizing femoral neck osteotomy during total hip arthroplasty, while no appropriate alternative solution be available presently. This study aimed to introduce a novel osteotomy instrumentation (fretsaw, jig, cable passer hook) as a substitute tool while oscillating saw was unavailable in THA.
Methods
This study included 40 patients (40 hips) who underwent femoral neck osteotomy during primary THA using the new osteotomy instrumentation (n = 20) and oscillating saw (n = 20). Clinical data and intraoperative findings of all patients were evaluated.
Results
The mean osteotomy time was 22.3 ± 3.1 s (range, 17–30 s) and 29.4 ± 3.7 s (range, 25–39 s) in the oscillating saw group and the new osteotomy instrumentation group, respectively (P < 0.001). The Harris Hip Score (HHS) improved in both groups; the mean HSS was 82.3 ± 2.5 and 83.3 ± 3.5 in the oscillating saw group and new osteotomy instrumentation group at 6 months after surgery, respectively (P = 0.297).
Conclusion
The original osteotomy instrumentation can be an ideal substitute tool for femoral neck osteotomy in THA, especially when the oscillating saw is unavailable or malfunctional.
An algorithm for finding a minimal solution to fuzzy relation inequalities with addition-min composition
Authors: Wang Xue-Ping , Mi Xiao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We first show a sufficient and necessary condition that a solution of fuzzy relation inequalities with addition-min composition is a minimal one. We then prove that for every solution of the fuzzy relation inequalities there exists a minimal solution that is less than or equal to the solution in a very different way. We finally give an algorithm to find a minimal solution for a given solution, which is illustrated by numerical examples.
Improving Birth Weight Measurement and Recording Practices in Kenya and Tanzania: A Prospective Intervention Study with Historical Controls
Authors: KOloo Alloys , Godfrey Evance , Koivu Annariina M , Barsosio Hellen C. , Manji Karim , Ndesangia Veneranda , Omiti Fredrick , Khery Mohamed Bakari , Ondieki Everlyne D. , Kariuki Simon , Kuile Feiko O. ter , Chico R Matthew , Klein Nigel , Heimonen Otto , Ashorn Per , Ashorn Ulla , Näsänen-Gilmore Pieta 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Low birth weight (LBW) is a significant public health concern given its association with early-life mortality and other adverse health consequences that can impact the entire life-cycle. In many countries, accurate estimates of LBW prevalence are lacking due to inaccuracies in collection and gaps in available data. Our study aimed to determine LBW prevalence among facility-born infants in selected areas of Kenya and Tanzania, and to assess whether the introduction of an intervention to improve the accuracy of birth-weight measurement would result in a meaningfully different estimate of LBW prevalence than current practice.
Methods
We carried out a historically-controlled intervention study in 22 health facilities in Kenya and three health facilities in Tanzania. The intervention included: provision of high-quality digital scales, training of nursing staff on accurate birth weight measurement, recording and scale calibration practices, and quality maintenance support that consisted of enhanced supervision and feedback (prospective arm). The historically-controlled data were birth weights from the same facilities recorded in maternity registers for the same calendar months from the previous year measured using routine practices and manual scales. We calculated mean birth weight (95% confidence interval CI), mean difference in LBW prevalences and respective risk ratio (95% CI) between study arms.
Results
Between October 2019 and February 2020, we prospectively collected birth weights from 8,441 newborns in Kenya and 4,294 in Tanzania. Historical data were available from 9,318 newborns in Kenya and 12,007 in Tanzania. In the prospective sample, the prevalence of LBW was 12.6% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 10.9%-14.4%) in Kenya and 18.2% (12.2%-24.2%) in Tanzania. In the historical sample, the corresponding prevalence estimates were 7.8% (6.5%-9.2%) and 10.0% (8.6%-11.4%). Compared to the retrospective sample, the LBW prevalence in the prospective sample was 4.8%-points (3.2%-6.4%) higher in Kenya and 8.2%-points (2.3%-14.0%) higher in Tanzania, corresponding to a risk ratio of 1.61 (1.38-1.88) in Kenya and 1.81 (1.30-2.52) in Tanzania.
Conclusion
Routine birth weight records under-estimate the risk of LBW among facility born infants in Kenya and Tanzania. The quality of birth-weight data can be improved by a simple intervention consisting of provision of digital scales and supportive training.
Policies and incentives for developing universal access to water and sanitation for vulnerable families
Authors: Narzetti Daniel Antonio , Marques Rui Cunha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This research investigates the development of water supply and sanitation services (WSS) for vulnerable households, discussing the alignment of policies, institutions, and regulations to provide the right incentives to achieve universal access. It provides evidence of the actions carried out in Brazil, particularly the integration of the recent National Public Policy for the universalization of WSS and assistance to vulnerable areas. The expansion of private sector participation is discussed as an alternative to stimulate the universalization of WSS.
New Advances of CRISPR/Cas9 Technique and its Application in Disease Treatment and Medicinal Plants Research
Authors: Sui Chun , Wan He-Fang , Han Wen-Jing , Zhou Lei , Wang Shuo 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9
technology is widely used in disease treatment and medicinal plant improvements due to its advantages,
such as easy operation, low time consumption, and high efficiency. However, potential
off-target risks still exist in practical applications and need to be solved urgently.

Objective:
This study aimed to review the application progress of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the
field of disease treatment and medicinal agriculture in recent years. Furthermore, the study discusses
the ways to reduce the off-target effect of CRISPR/Cas9 technology, providing a reference for the
further application of this technology.

Method:
CiteSpace software was used to analyze relevant literature data from 2013 to August 2021,
and search results were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed, and CNKI databases.

Results:
In the field of disease treatment, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has great potential to cure challenging
human diseases and has been widely used in drug target development, drug design, and
screening. In crop breeding, CRISPR/Cas9 accelerates the improvement of crop varieties and shortens
the number of years of crop breeding. By adjusting the length and GC content of sgRNA and
changing the concentration of Cas9/sgRNA complex to reduce the off-target effect of CRISPR/Cas9
technology, the target genes can be manipulated more accurately.

Conclusion:
CRISPR/Cas9 technology is an indispensable and key technology in the field of disease
treatment and medicinal plants. With the in-depth study of the off-target effect, CRISPR/Cas9 technology
can have broader application prospects in the fields of medicine and medicinal agriculture.
Roles of Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Carcinogenesis Providing a
Perspective for Early Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Rezaee Mohammad Ahangarzadeh , Nouri Roghayeh , Hasani Alka , Asgharzadeh Mohammad , Sefidan Fatemeh Yeganeh , Hemmati Fatemeh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignant neoplasm in the world.
CRC is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Through toxin-mediated DNA damage
and the promotion of persistent dysregulated inflammation, the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in
the development of CRC. In this review, we discussed the correlation between the bacterial microbiota
and CRC carcinogenesis as well as the mechanism by which Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus,
Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis, and Escherichia coli can cause CRC.
Effect of Initial Vancomycin Dose and Creatinine Clearance on the
Attainment of Target Trough Concentration in Children
Authors: Anh Nguyen Tuan , Tuan Ha Manh , Quan Kim Tran , Thang Nguyen Van , Huy Vu Quang 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that is used to treat serious gram-positive infections. However, therapeutic drug monitoring for vancomycin is not performed routine-ly in Vietnam in clinical practices. Monitoring of serum vancomycin concentration or trough levels is necessary to ensure the efficacy and safety of vancomycin therapy.

Objective:
This study aims to determine the impact of initial vancomycin dose and creatinine clear-ance on target trough attainment in hospitalized Vietnamese children.

Methods:
A prospective study with patients who received vancomycin for at least three days was conducted. Subsequently, demographic data, clinical diagnosis, vancomycin dosage, and serum cre-atinine levels were recorded. The vancomycin trough level was collected and creatinine clearance and adjusted vancomycin doses were calculated.

Results:
A total of 40 eligible patients were enrolled. Patients’ mean age, body weight, and height were 1.4 years old, 9.8 kg, and 75.5 cm, respectively. The mean vancomycin dose was 55.83 ± 19.34 mg/kg/day. The mean creatinine clearance was 80.18 ± 29.14 ml/min. The median trough level was 11.09 (7.84 - 16.46) μg/ml. There was no significant difference in the mean initial and the adjusted vancomycin doses (p = 0.062). However, there were statistically significant differences of initial (p = 0.004) or adjusted doses (p = 0.016) between groups of creatinine clearance. The trough vancomycin concentration was not statistically significant (p = 0.406) between these groups.

Conclusion:
Target trough vancomycin level may be associated with creatinine clearance but did not proportionally correspond to the vancomycin dose. Therefore, monitoring vancomycin trough levels is necessary to achieve the target trough and to ensure vancomycin efficacy and safety in treating severely infected Vietnamese children.
Pharmacological Diversity of Triazole Scaffolds: A Review
Authors: Natarajan Ramalakshmi , Kesavan Yuvarani , Sivaperuman Amuthalakshmi , Subramani Arunkumar 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Heterocyclic compounds possess a wide variety of roles in most fields of
science, such as biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, veterinary products, agrochemicals, etc. Triazole,
a heterocycle compound, serves as a building block for various compounds having multiple
applications, mostly in medicine. Triazole is a five-membered ring containing compounds that
occur in nature, found in several microorganisms, fungi, and marine organisms. The triazole nucleus
is a boon for researchers with significant scope in the long-term. Triazole derivatives possess
various pharmacological properties due to their ability to exert several non-covalent interactions,
which can improve the solubility and the ability to bind to bimolecular targets.

Objective:
We focused on the structure-activity relationship of triazole derivatives possessing various
biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, antimalarial,
analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidepressant, antitubercular, anticancer, etc.

Results:
This study revealed the significance of certain substituents on triazole nuclei for different
biological activities.

Conclusion:
From this, we conclude that the triazole nucleus will be a lead for further research on
drug discovery.
Conceptualization, Tasks and Neurobiological Correlates of Self-Regulation in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of the Literature (2015-2020)
Authors: Larraín-Valenzuela Josefina , Mardones Francisca , Ansoleaga Elisa , Kausel Leonie 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Self-regulation is a complex capacity that favors the modification of behavior in accordance with environmental demands.

Objective:
This article aims to review the scientific literature that conceptualizes self-regulation, analyze its potential latent dimensions, identify the instruments used to measure this construct and the empirical findings associated with its neurobiological correlates.

Methods:
A systematic review of the scientific literature published between 2015 and 2020. We include 29 empirical studies on children and adolescents self-regulatory capacity after combining the words self-regulation with cognition, brain and neurosciences.

Results:
Most of the articles included are from North America. A PICOS analysis was performed to increase understanding of self-regulatory capacity. Two dimensions of self-regulation are identified, contributing to a more global conceptualization of the concept of self-regulation; A cognitive dimension associated with executive functions, effortful control and inhibitory control, among others, and a dimension associated with personality, including traits such as irritability, impulsivity, openness and hyperactivity. Next, the instruments used to measure self-regulation are described, followed by a report of the important neurobiological findings, specifically, activation of the anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortex.

Conclusion:
Self-regulatory capacity is associated with a complex functioning that favors adaptive behavior and has neurobiological correlates.
An Insight into Pyrazole-containing Compounds: Synthesis and Pharmacological
Activities
Authors: Kumar Harish , Bansal Kushal Kumar , Goyal Anju 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Heterocyclic scaffolds have gained exceptional devotion in the recent years due to their marked utility in bio-organic field. Among these, pyrazole remains a privileged scaffold as broad array of medicinally active agents encompasses this heterocycle as a core nucleus. Pyrazole is a five-membered, aromatic ring containing two nitrogen atoms at adjacent positions are readily able to show interactions with numerous receptor (s), enzymes located on the target cells in biological system. Pyrazole-containing compounds are acknowledged with anticyclooxygenases (anti-inflammatory), carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, α-glycosidase inhibitor, and cholinesterase enzymes inhibitor and anti-DNA gyrases activities. Noticeably, rimonabant, phenylbutazone, fipronil, difenamizole, celecoxib, antipyrine, fezolamide and betazole are few representatives of pyrazole containing drugs.

Objectives:
The manuscript aims to review the detailed synthetic approaches applied for the synthesis of pyrazole derivatives. In particular, we examine recent scientific finding on antimicrobial, anti-tubercular, antiviral, anticancer and anti-inflammatory perspectives of pyrazole containing analogues.

Methods:
Pyrazole analogues have been widely explored by scientific community as large number of papers has been published in this regard. Numerous pyrazole-containing analogues have been designed, synthesized, and screened for their in vitro and in vivo bio-efficacy and many of them endowed with commendable pharmacological activities. Pyrazole analogues with superior applications as antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory efficacy have also been well documented in patents granted to this heterocyclic nucleus.

Results:
This review outlines the recent advances in medicinal chemistry of pyrazole analogues with a special emphasize of structure-activity relationships to afford ideas for the rational drug-design and discovery and their impact on desired pharmacological applications.

Conclusion:
The information provided in this manuscript may help the medicinal chemists to generate robust pyrazole analogues with high efficacy.