bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term effects of Pfizer‐BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccinations on platelets
Authors: Zhou Yuqi , Nishikawa Masako , Kanno Hiroshi , Yang Ruoxi , Ibayashi Yuma , Xiao Ting‐Hui , Peterson Walker , Herbig Maik , Nitta Nao , Miyata Shigeki , Kanthi Yogendra , Rohde Gustavo K. , Moriya Kyoji , Yatomi Yutaka , Goda Keisuke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is a global concern about the safety of COVID‐19 vaccines associated with platelet function. However, their long‐term effects on overall platelet activity remain poorly understood. Here we address this problem by image‐based single‐cell profiling and temporal monitoring of circulating platelet aggregates in the blood of healthy human subjects, before and after they received multiple Pfizer‐BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccine doses over a time span of nearly 1 year. Results show no significant or persisting platelet aggregation trends following the vaccine doses, indicating that any effects of vaccinations on platelet turnover, platelet activation, platelet aggregation, and platelet‐leukocyte interaction was insignificant.
A novel optimized routing technique to mitigate hot‐spot problem (NORTH) for wireless sensor network‐based Internet of Things
Authors: Avdhesh Yadav Suman , Poongoodi T. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryTechnological advancements in the area of the Internet of Things have fostered the development of multi‐hop architectures pertaining to applications seeking large network areas. However, while exploiting such applications, the sensor devices being used are made to communicate through multi‐hop routing techniques, burdening the relay nodes. Hence, it leads to a hot‐spot problem, as the nodes passing on the data, that is, relay nodes, consume their energy at a large magnitude. To solve this issue, in this paper, we propose a novel optimized routing technique to mitigate hot‐spot problem (NORTH) for wireless sensor network (WSN)‐based IoT. We employ the tunicate swarm algorithm (TSA) to optimize the cluster‐based routing, specifically the selection of cluster head (CH) of each cluster by using some novel parameters. These parameters include energy status, a distance of a node from the sink and other nodes, load balancing, node proximity, and average energy stock of the network. We investigate two network scenarios, that is, when a sink is placed inside the network and otherwise, to give an optimized solution for every case. Further, to mitigate the hot‐spot problem, the relay node is selected in a cluster with the same mechanism as CH, which performs the task of data forwarding. The simulation analysis of NORTH reveals the supremacy of the proposed work against the recently proposed algorithms, based on various performance metrics, namely, network longevity, stability duration, throughput, and the network's remaining energy.
Utility of rapid on‐site evaluation in procurement of adrenal gland tissue biopsies
Authors: Hojat Seyed Amin , Maheshwari Bhunesh K. , Ravish Nakul A. , Azabdaftari Gissou , Yang Zhongbo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile the number of adrenal biopsies has increased due to more “incidentalomas” were detected by widespread use of imaging studies, there have been very limited studies to evaluate the utility of rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) in obtaining adequate core needle biopsy (CNB) tissue for diagnosis of adrenal lesions.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all percutaneous adrenal CNB cases with available ROSE for a 12‐year period in our institute in order to assess the usefulness of ROSE in adrenal CNB sampling.ResultsA total of 83 cases were identified in our database. The majority of cases (52/83, 63%) were diagnosed as metastatic malignancies with the lung being the most common primary site. Adrenal hyperplasia/adenoma was the most common primary adrenal lesion. The concordance between the ROSE interpretations and CNB final diagnoses is 80%. The interpretation errors accounted for majority (11/17, 65%) of the discordant cases.ConclusionROSE assessment during adrenal CNB procedures is a helpful tool for obtaining adequate diagnostic tissue. Pathologists should be familiar with adrenal cytology in order to reduce interpretation errors at ROSE.
Near infrared spectroscopy in peripheral artery disease and the diabetic foot: A systematic review
Authors: Joseph Simon , Munshi Bijit , Agarini Raden , Kwok Ricky Chi Ho , Green Daniel J. , Jansen Shirley 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith the need for tools that assess microvascular status in diabetic foot disease (DFD) being clear, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a putative method for noninvasive testing of the diabetic foot. The use of NIRS in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has extended to its role in studying the pathophysiology of DFD. NIRS generates metrics such as recovery time, deoxygenation, oxygen consumption (VO2), tissue oxygen saturation (StO2), total haemoglobin (HbT), and oxyhaemoglobin area under the curve (O2HbAUC). NIRS may potentially help the multidisciplinary team stratify limbs as high‐risk, especially in diabetic patients with symptoms masked by peripheral neuropathy. NIRS may be useful for assessing treatment effectiveness and preventing deterioration of patients with PAD.
Inconsistent response of taxonomic groups to space and environment in mediterranean and tropical pond metacommunities
Authors: Gálvez Ángel , Peres‐Neto Pedro R. , Castillo‐Escrivà Andreu , Bonilla Fabián , Camacho Antonio , García‐Roger Eduardo M. , Iepure Sanda , Miralles‐Lorenzo Javier , Monrós Juan S. , Olmo Carla , Picazo Antonio , Rojo Carmen , Rueda Juan , Sahuquillo María , Sasa Mahmood , Segura Mati , Armengol Xavier , Mesquita‐Joanes Francesc 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe metacommunity concept provides a theoretical framework that aims at explaining organism distributions by a combination of environmental filtering, dispersal, and drift. However, few works have attempted a multitaxon approach and even fewer have compared two distant biogeographical regions using the same methodology. We tested the expectation that temperate (mediterranean‐climate) pond metacommunities would be more influenced by environmental and spatial processes than tropical ones, because of stronger environmental gradients and a greater isolation of waterbodies. However, the pattern should be different among groups of organisms depending on their dispersal abilities. We surveyed 30 tropical and 32 mediterranean temporary ponds from Costa Rica and Spain, respectively, and obtained data on 49 environmental variables. We characterized the biological communities of bacteria and archaea (from the water column and the sediments), phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, amphibians and birds, and estimated the relative role of space and environment on metacommunity organization for each group and region, by means of variation partitioning using generalized additive models. Purely environmental effects were important in both tropical and mediterranean ponds, but stronger in the latter, probably due to their larger limnological heterogeneity. Spatially correlated environment and pure spatial effects were greater in the tropics, related to higher climatic heterogeneity and dispersal processes (e.g., restriction, surplus) acting at different scales. The variability between taxonomic groups in the contribution of spatial and environmental factors to metacommunity variation was very wide, but higher in active, compared with passive, dispersers. Higher environmental effects were observed in mediterranean passive dispersers, and higher spatial effects in tropical passive dispersers. The unexplained variation was larger in the tropical setting, suggesting a higher role for stochastic processes, unmeasured environmental factors, or biotic interactions in the tropics, although this difference affected some actively dispersing groups (insects and birds) more than passive dispersers. These results, despite our limitations in comparing only two regions, provide support, for a wide variety of aquatic organisms, for the classic view of stronger abiotic niche constraints in temperate areas compared with the tropics. The heterogeneous response of taxonomic groups between regions also points to a stronger influence of regional context than organism adaptations on metacommunity organization.
Does deterministic coexistence theory matter in a finite world?
Authors: Schreiber Sebastian J. , Levine Jonathan M. , Godoy Oscar , Kraft Nathan J. B. , Hart Simon P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractContemporary studies of species coexistence are underpinned by deterministic models that assume that competing species have continuous (i.e., noninteger) densities, live in infinitely large landscapes, and coexist over infinite time horizons. By contrast, in nature, species are composed of discrete individuals subject to demographic stochasticity and occur in habitats of finite size where extinctions occur in finite time. One consequence of these discrepancies is that metrics of species’ coexistence derived from deterministic theory may be unreliable predictors of the duration of species coexistence in nature. These coexistence metrics include invasion growth rates and niche and fitness differences, which are now commonly applied in theoretical and empirical studies of species coexistence. In this study, we tested the efficacy of deterministic coexistence metrics on the duration of species coexistence in a finite world. We introduce new theoretical and computational methods to estimate coexistence times in stochastic counterparts of classic deterministic models of competition. Importantly, we parameterized this model using experimental field data for 90 pairwise combinations of 18 species of annual plants, allowing us to derive biologically informed estimates of coexistence times for a natural system. Strikingly, we found that for species expected to deterministically coexist, community sizes containing only 10 individuals had predicted coexistence times of more than 1000 years. We also found that invasion growth rates explained 60% of the variation in intrinsic coexistence times, reinforcing their general usefulness in studies of coexistence. However, only by integrating information on both invasion growth rates and species' equilibrium population sizes could most (>99%) of the variation in species coexistence times be explained. This integration was achieved with demographically uncoupled single‐species models solely determined by the invasion growth rates and equilibrium population sizes. Moreover, because of a complex relationship between niche overlap/fitness differences and equilibrium population sizes, increasing niche overlap and increasing fitness differences did not always result in decreasing coexistence times, as deterministic theory would predict. Nevertheless, our results tend to support the informed use of deterministic theory for understanding the duration of species’ coexistence while highlighting the need to incorporate information on species' equilibrium population sizes in addition to invasion growth rates.
Seismic microzoning of the Delhi metropolitan area, India— I: Seismicity modeling
Authors: Gupta Ishwer Datt , Lee Vincent W. , Trifunac Mihailo D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeismic activity parameters ( and values in a Gutenbdataer–Richter relationship, maximum magnitude , and predominant focal depths ) have been estimated for a grid of square cells of size 0.1° in latitudes and longitudes covering a large region bound by 24°−33°N and 72°−82°E to define input seismicity for microzoning of the Delhi metropolitan area. For this purpose, seven area types of seismic sources are first identified from a detailed seismotectonic evaluation of the region. Two of these sources form part of the Northwestern Himalaya and the remaining five encompass the intraplate area including and surrounding the National Capital Region. The seismic activity parameters are then estimated for each source zone by compiling a comprehensive catalog of 4483 past earthquakes with magnitudes of 2.0 or more covering the 1720–2020 period. All the grid cells in each source are initially assigned the same values of parameters , , and as those for the source zone; whereas parameter has been redefined for each grid cell using the cumulative occurrence rate of earthquakes above the minimum magnitude of completeness for the source zone. To account for possible uncertainties in past earthquake locations, values of the activity parameters thus assigned to all the grid cells in the region are spatially smoothed using an elliptical Gaussian kernel with a major axis along the predominant strike direction for the source zone of each grid cell. The grid cells across the source zone boundaries are also included in the smoothing process to normalize the effects of any subjectivity introduced in defining the source zone boundaries. Our estimations of seismic activity parameters thus obtained can be considered in the development of a robust and physically realistic seismicity model for practical engineering applications, which was made possible by our use of a sufficiently long duration of the earthquake catalog along with complete reporting of data up to magnitudes very close to the expected maximum magnitude in each source zone. We have also estimated the seismic activity parameters for the Hindu Kush subduction zone, which is then idealized by a point source.
Highly Reproducible Flexible Ion‐selective Electrodes for the Detection of Sodium and Potassium in Artificial Sweat
Authors: Rostampour Mohammad , Lawrence David J. , Hamid Zaaferah , Darensbourg Jade , Calvo‐Marzal Percy , Chumbimuni‐Torres Karin Y. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIt is well known that potentiometric sensors provide a versatile, cost‐effective, and efficient platform for wearable applications. Unfortunately, mass production and commercialization of such devices is often constrained by the requirement of a calibration step, which is due to the poor sensor‐to‐sensor reproducibility and the need of conditioning the electrodes in the analyte before use. Herein, we fabricated calibration‐free flexible sensors including ion‐selective electrode and reference electrode by integrating single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with poly(3‐octylthiophene) (POT) and applying on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The developed sodium and potassium ion‐selective electrodes (ISEs) display excellent repeatability, selectivity, stability as well as high sensor‐to‐sensor reproducibility, with a standard deviation of as low as 1.0 mV in artificial sweat microliter samples volume.
Analysis and control of the mechanism of coal pillar sloughing in the shallow buried thick coal seam
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wu Jianjun , Yang Sen , Bai Wenyong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn northern Shaanxi province, the coal seam deposit conditions are generally characterized by large thickness and shallow depth of burial, the phenomenon of coal pillar sloughing is serious in the process of working face retrieval, which brings great potential danger to mine safety production. In this paper, by monitoring the stress and damage of the coal pillar in the field section, the stress changes and damage degree of the working face in different mine stages are determined. A new mechanical model of coal pillar in a thick coal seam is constructed and the stress changes and structural breakage law of each section are obtained, the stress transfers mechanism of overburden structure and the stress damage to coal pillar during the mining process of upper and lower section comprehensive mining working face is analyzed. The stress, microscopic damage, and the degree of sloughing in the coal pillar were significantly reduced by monitoring through the top plate hydraulic cracking pressure relief control program. The results of the study show that the extent of sloughing coal pillar and internal damage is closely related to the length of key block B of the masonry beam formed by the overlying rock layer and the position of the break line, by changing the orientation of the overlying masonry beam rock layer and the position and length of the tendency to break line, the sloughing coal pillar is effectively controlled and its stress and damage are reduced. We have achieved good results in control of the sloughing in the Hanjiawan coal mine and similar mines in northern Shaanxi.
Advanced security model for multimedia data sharing in Internet of Things
Authors: Dhar Shalini , Khare Ashish , Singh Rajani 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSharing a file that contains multimedia data among the different peers of wireless Internet of Things (IoT) networks has several challenges. One of the main challenges is their centralized system, which leads to high‐security risk and low user reachability. One solution could be to simply change the system to a decentralized network by using the blockchain network to store these files. However, it may solve the low user reachability and security problem at the cost of low latency, longer response time, scalability and privacy issues. Therefore, this article uses the advanced blockchain scheme and distributes InterPlanetary File System. We also presented the system framework and its working. Finally, we do the security analysis of our proposed system and found that it has strong potential to solve most of the security challenges that traditional system faces. Moreover, our proposed approach can be applied to any file‐changing wireless IoT network that needs to exchange multimedia data such as healthcare data, IoT data in wearable devices, traffic data in smart cities, etc.
Large‐scale evaluation efforts and their implications for the field
Authors: Azzam Tarek 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe BUILD initiative is part of the Diversity Program Consortium, which the National Institutes of Health funded to increase diversity in biomedical research. This chapter aims to identify implications for the field from the multisite evaluation of BUILD initiative programs by reviewing the work undertaken by the authors of the other chapters in this issue. Given the complexities involved in multisite evaluations, innovative approaches and methods were used to balance the needs of each site with the overall objectives of the broader initiative. These approaches included a flexible orientation to the evaluation, mixed‐methods designs that prioritized understanding the context before measuring it, and innovative analytic techniques (e.g., meta‐analysis) to recognize the uniqueness of each site while providing insights about their cumulative impact. The BUILD initiative evaluation also offered many other valuable lessons about engaging stakeholders, focusing on use, and responding to changing priorities over time.
Advice from local/site evaluators: How to manage “up” within a large‐scale initiative
Authors: Hwalek Melanie , Honoré Matt , Brown Shavonnea 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBUilding Infrastructure Leading to Diversity (BUILD), an initiative of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), provides grants to undergraduate institutions to implement and study innovative approaches to engaging and retaining students from diverse backgrounds in biomedical research. The NIH awarded BUILD grants to 10 higher education institutions in multiple states, including funding for local evaluations. This chapter presents findings from an online survey and interviews with 15 local evaluators from nine of the 10 BUILD sites. Participants shared their perspectives on the role of professional local evaluators in national evaluations, ideal national–local multisite evaluation partnerships, and the ways that funders can support these partnerships to maximize impact. They argued for customized technical assistance and other support for local evaluations; the importance of including local results in national evaluation findings; the value of local evaluators’ subject‐matter expertise; and the potential for funders to act as central organizing entities in national–local evaluation partnerships.
Theoretical and conceptual frameworks across local evaluation efforts in a nationwide consortium
Authors: Christie Christina A. , Wright Carmel R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper describes the theoretical and conceptual frameworks used to guide the site‐level evaluations of Building Infrastructure Leading to Diversity (BUILD) programs, part of the Diversity Program Consortium (DPC), funded by the National Institutes of Health. We aim to provide an understanding of which theories informed the evaluation work of the DPC and how the frameworks guiding BUILD site‐level evaluations are conceptually aligned with one another and with the consortium‐level evaluation.
A meta‐analysis approach for evaluating the effectiveness of complex multisite programs
Authors: Crespi Catherine M. , Cobian Krystle P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe National Institutes of Health (NIH) created the Building Infrastructure Leading to Diversity (BUILD) initiative to incentivize undergraduate institutions to create innovative approaches to increasing diversity in biomedical research, with the ultimate goal of diversifying the NIH‐funded research enterprise. Initiatives such as BUILD involve designing and implementing programs at multiple sites that share common objectives. Evaluation of initiatives like this often includes statistical analyses that combine data across sites to estimate the program's impact on particular outcomes. Meta‐analysis is a statistical technique for combining effect estimates from different studies to obtain a single overall effect estimate and to estimate heterogeneity across studies. However, it has not been commonly applied to evaluate the impact of a program across multiple different sites. In this chapter, we use the BUILD Scholar program—one component of the broader initiative—to demonstrate the application of meta‐analysis to combine effect estimates from different sites of a multisite initiative. We analyze three student outcomes using a typical “single‐stage” modeling approach and a meta‐analysis approach. We show how a meta‐analysis approach can provide more nuanced information about program impacts on student outcomes and thus can help support a robust evaluation.