bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CYP2D6 Genetic Variation and Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wannasuphoprasit Yanisa , Andersen Stig Ejdrup , Arranz Maria J. , Catalan Rosa , Jurgens Gesche , Kloosterboer Sanne Maartje , Rasmussen Henrik Berg , Bhat Anjali , Irizar Haritz , Koller Dora , Polimanti Renato , Wang Baihan , Zartaloudi Eirini , Austin-Zimmerman Isabelle , Bramon Elvira 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAntipsychotic-induced weight gain is a contributing factor in the reduced life expectancy reported amongst people with psychotic disorders. CYP2D6 is a liver enzyme involved in the metabolism of many commonly used antipsychotic medications. We investigated if CYP2D6 genetic variation influenced weight or BMI among people taking antipsychotic treatment.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and a random effects meta-analysis of publications in Pubmed, Embase, PsychInfo, and CENTRAAL that had BMI and/or weight measurements of patients on long-term antipsychotics by their CYP2D6-defined metabolic groups (poor, intermediate, normal/extensive, and ultra-rapid metabolizers, UMs).ResultsTwelve studies were included in the systematic review. All cohort studies suggested that the presence of reduced-function or non-functional alleles for CYP2D6 was associated with greater antipsychotic-induced weight gain, whereas most cross-sectional studies did not find any significant associations. Seventeen studies were included in the meta-analysis with clinical data of 2,041 patients, including 93 poor metabolizers (PMs), 633 intermediate metabolizers (IMs), 1,272 normal metabolizers (NMs), and 30 UMs. Overall, we did not find associations in any of the comparisons made. The estimated pooled standardized differences for the following comparisons were (i) PM versus NM; weight = –0.07 (95%CI: –0.49 to 0.35, p = 0.74), BMI = 0.40 (95%CI: –0.19 to 0.99, p = 0.19). (ii) IM versus NM; weight = 0.09 (95% CI: –0.04 to 0.22, p = 0.16) and BMI = 0.09 (95% CI: –0.24 to 0.41, p = 0.60). (iii) UM versus EM; weight = 0.01 (95% CI: –0.37 to 0.40, p = 0.94) and BMI = –0.08 (95%CI: –0.57 to 0.42, p = 0.77).ConclusionOur systematic review of cohort studies suggested that CYP2D6 poor metabolizers have higher BMI than normal metabolizers, but the data of cross-sectional studies and the meta-analysis did not show this association. Although our review and meta-analysis constitutes one of the largest studies with comprehensively genotyped samples, the literature is still limited by small numbers of participants with genetic variants resulting in poor or UMs status. We need further studies with larger numbers of extreme metabolizers to establish its clinical utility in antipsychotic treatment. CYP2D6 is a key gene for personalized prescribing in mental health.
Determining Predictors of Weight Loss in a Behavioral Intervention: A Case Study in the Use of Lasso Regression
Authors: Lupton-Smith Carly , Stuart Elizabeth A. , McGinty Emma E. , Dalcin Arlene T. , Jerome Gerald J. , Wang Nae-Yuh , Daumit Gail L. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThis study investigates predictors of weight loss among individuals with serious mental illness participating in an 18-month behavioral weight loss intervention, using Lasso regression to select the most powerful predictors.MethodsData were analyzed from the intervention group of the ACHIEVE trial, an 18-month behavioral weight loss intervention in adults with serious mental illness. Lasso regression was employed to identify predictors of at least five-pound weight loss across the intervention time span. Once predictors were identified, classification trees were created to show examples of how to classify participants into having likely outcomes based on characteristics at baseline and during the intervention.ResultsThe analyzed sample contained 137 participants. Seventy-one (51.8%) individuals had a net weight loss of at least five pounds from baseline to 18 months. The Lasso regression selected weight loss from baseline to 6 months as a primary predictor of at least five pound 18-month weight loss, with a standardized coefficient of 0.51 (95% CI: −0.37, 1.40). Three other variables were also selected in the regression but added minimal predictive ability.ConclusionsThe analyses in this paper demonstrate the importance of tracking weight loss incrementally during an intervention as an indicator for overall weight loss, as well as the challenges in predicting long-term weight loss with other variables commonly available in clinical trials. The methods used in this paper also exemplify how to effectively analyze a clinical trial dataset containing many variables and identify factors related to desired outcomes.
Higher Risk of Mortality and Virologic Failure in HIV-Infected Patients With High Viral Load at Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation: An Observational Cohort Study in Chongqing, China
Authors: Zhou Chao , Zhang Wei , Lu Rongrong , Ouyang Lin , Xing Hui , Shao Yiming , Wu Guohui , Ruan Yuhua 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundViral load (VL) is a strong predictor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high baseline VL on antiretroviral therapy (ART) outcomes among HIV-infected patients.MethodsThis retrospective study observed HIV-infected patients who had baseline VL test at ART initiation between 2015 and 2019 in Chongqing, China. Cox proportional hazards regression and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the effects of baseline VL on Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related mortality and virologic failure, respectively.ResultsThe cohort included 7,176 HIV-infected patients, of whom 38.7% had a baseline VL ≥ 100,000 copies/mL. Of the patients who died during follow-up, 58.9% had a baseline VL ≥ 100,000 copies/mL. Compared with a baseline VL &lt; 10,000 copies/mL, ART initiation at VL ≥ 100,000 copies/mL was significantly associated with the AIDS-related death (adjusted hazard ratio, AHR = 1.4) and virologic failure (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 2.4). Compared with patients with a baseline VL &lt; 10,000 copies/mL, patients on the recommended first-line regimen with a VL ≥ 100,000 copies/mL at ART initiaition had higher mortality rate (5.1 vs. 1.7 per 100 person-years), but there was no significant difference in the mortality accoding to the initial VL level among patients on second-line ART (2.8 vs. 2.7 per 100 person-years). ART initiation ≤ 30 days after HIV diagnosis was associated with a lower risk of AIDS-related death (AHR = 0.6).ConclusionsART initiation with VL ≥ 100,000 copies/mL was associated with a significantly greater risk of mortality and virologic failure. Optimizing the ART regimen and initiating ART early may help to reduce mortality effectively among patients with a high baseline VL. VL testing for all HIV patients is recommended at HIV diagnosis or on ART initiation.
Emotional Atmosphere’s Role on People’s Application of Their Emotional Intelligence in the Fight Against COVID-19
Authors: Nyamai Dinah Katindi 
Published: February 2022

Emotional intelligence has been associated not only with young people’s academic achievement but also with their ability to deal with harmful emotional states such as anxiety and stress. Limited research, however, has focused on influences of the emotional atmosphere on young people’s application of their emotional intelligence. This article seeks to provoke debates about the role played by accidental lessons arising from learning institutions emotional atmosphere on young people’s ability to apply their emotional intelligence in the fight against life crises such as COVID-19. The target population was 617 young people, aged 15–35 years, and the researcher used Yamane’s sample calculation formula in determining the sample size, which was 243. The researcher used two main data collection tools: a closed-ended questionnaire with 14 items and an interview guide with 10 open-ended questions. The validity of the 14-item questionnaire was determined by experts, whereas its reliability was determined using Cronbach α, which gave a reliability coefficient of 0.91. The clarity of the interview guide items was determined by two research experts. The results of both quantitative and qualitative indicated that conducive emotional atmospheres increase people’s mastery of their feelings as well as spur one’s capacity to endure discomforts associated with crises. The implication here is that we ignore the power welded by accidental lessons arising from emotional atmosphere at our peril.
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Subtypes Based on Immunologic and Hallmark Gene Sets in Tumor and Non-tumor Tissues
Authors: Yin Ji , He Xinling , Xia Hui , He Lu , Li Daiying , Hu Lanxin , Zheng Sihan , Huang Yanlin , Li Sen , Hu Wenjian 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundNon-tumor tissue has a significant impact on the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Previous studies for HNSCC have mainly focused on tumor tissue, greatly neglecting the role of non-tumor tissue. This study aimed to identify HNSCC subtypes and prognostic gene sets based on activity changes of immunologic and hallmark gene sets in tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues to improve patient prognosis.MethodsIn the study, we used gene set variation analysis (GSVA) to estimate the relative enrichment of gene sets over the sample population, and identified relevant subtypes of HNSCC by Cox regression analysis and the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) method. The representative gene sets were identified by calculating the differential enrichment score of gene sets between each of the two subgroups, intersecting them, and screening them using univariate Cox regression analysis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to screen out potential prognostic gene sets and establish a risk model. Finally, genes encompassed in each prognostic gene set were obtained and subjected to enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) in tumor and non-tumor tissues.ResultsWe identified three subtypes of HNSCC based on gene sets in tumor and non-tumor tissues, and patients with subtype 1 had a higher survival rate than subtypes 2 and 3. The subtypes were related to the survival status, pathological stage, and T stage of HNSCC patients. In total 450 differentially gene sets and 39 representative gene sets were obtained by calculating the differential enrichment score of gene sets between each of the two subgroups, intersecting them, and screening them using univariate Cox regression analysis. The prognostic model was constructed by LASSO regression analysis, including five prognostic gene sets. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that different risk groups and the five prognostic gene sets were associated with survival status in the model. Finally, enrichment analysis and PPI indicated that non-tumor and tumor tissues affect the prognosis of HNSCC patients in different ways.ConclusionIn conclusion, we provide a novel insight for rational treatment strategies and precise prognostic assessments based on tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues, suggesting that more emphasis should be placed on changes in adjacent non-tumor and tumor tissues, rather than just the tumor itself.
The Nurse Plant Acacia spirorbis Enriches Ectomycorrhizal Community Composition of a Target Species: Tristaniopsis calobuxus
Authors: Houlès Anne , Gotty Karine , Joussemet François , Vincent Bryan , Hannibal Laure , Patrois Magali , Jourand Philippe , Ducousso Marc 
Published: February 2022

We investigated the suitability of Acacia spirorbis Labill., a tropical ectomycorrhizal (ECM) tree, as a nurse plant to improve the growth of Tristaniopsis calobuxus Brongn. & Gris seedlings for the restoration of nickel mines in New Caledonia. Rehabilitation of nickel mines in New Caledonia is a major concern. In such harsh soil conditions, ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbiosis is important for tree growth, survival, and resistance. To improve ecological restoration in New Caledonia, new technical itineraries have undergone experimentation using ECM as a plant nurse, allowing ECM saplings to rapidly acquire a wide range of ECM fungi. We transplanted ECM seedlings of Tristaniopsis calobuxus from the nursery to bare ferralitic soils harbouring some scattered 12-year-old Acacia spirorbis to be used as ECM nurse plants. Using molecular characterisation of ITS rDNA, we characterised ECM fungal communities of A. spirorbis and of T. calobuxus saplings at transplanting time and 13 months later. We observed changes in the composition of fungal communities of T. calobuxus with an increase in diversity, notably the appearance of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) affiliated with /russula, /boletus and /pisolithus-scleroderma and a decrease in ubiquitous nursery order such as /sebacina. We also observed a higher number of shared OTUs between T. calobuxus and A. spirorbis. The vicinity of A. spirorbis enabled diversification and adaptation of the T. calobuxus ECM fungal community. These results led us to recommend A. spirorbis as a good nurse tree candidate in the framework of ecological restoration of mine sites.
Des charrettes et des blés. L'approvisionnement du marché d'Auxerre au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Desaive Jean-Paul 
Published: February 2022

Carts and grains. The supply of the Auxerre market in the XVIIIth century.
To bring bread home, market exchanges had to take place between producers who wanted to sell and the buyers in the town of Auxerre, almost 11 000 inhabitants in 1790, three-quarters of whom were wage-earners. Thanks to price lists, supplemented for the XVIIIth century with the notebooks of a meticulous commissionner (1766-1779), it becomes possible to estimate prices, market operations, and seasonal affluence. In 13 years, the number of sellers almost doubled, within a context of high prices. It is possible to differentiate between occasional and regular sellers, while what came in, although somewhat modest, was of constant quality. The supplying area has been mapped out to show the variations and the polar points within it. What still remains to understand is the law governing the behavior of both producers and buyers.
Les élections municipales dans les villages de Côte-d'Or en 1790
Authors: Lamarre Christine 
Published: February 2022

The municipal elections of 1790 in the villages of Côte-d’Or.
The first municipal elections to take place during the Revolutionary decade are known through minutes at once spontaneous, exact and of administrative origin, covering nearly 500 townships. Their reading creates the impression of a rather mature electoral body in this rural context, a body which in most cases abided by a complex process, with interesting errors and modifications. The huge rate of participation, reaching 85 %, was certainly related to a strong communitarian past, to the mediating role of the priests, and to a strong mobilization of the villagers themselves. There were often changes in the municipal power, to the advantage of yeomen, merchants and craftsmen. These elections shed light on the process of creation of a new political space in the countryside of Burgundy.
La Corporation paysanne (1940-1944). Entre le local et le national : l’exemple du Calvados
Authors: Cardi Antoine 
Published: February 2022

The «Corporation Paysanne» (1940-1944). Between local and national levels, the example of Calvados. Antoine Cardi
Through the examination of different issues, historiography has explored the development of the «Corporation Paysanne » on a national level. However, it has widely ignored the Corporations existence on a regional level by neglecting to examine the relations between regional and national authorities. As the institution evolved, a break between national and regional leaders became evident, the latter considering that the national authorities had betrayed the originals ideals. Although in 1940, the peasants of Calvados had accepted this institution in the same spirit as they had backed corporative unionization in the inter-war period, they were disappointed to find that local leaders were only concerned only with food supply. In addition, the Corporation was also subject to widespread disapproval among the rural masses of Calvados who remained sceptical, a characteristic attitude towards towards trade unions. Calvados presents an interesting case which permits further reflection on a favourite topic in the domain of politics in rural history : the confrontation between the local and the national.
DIGITIZING HIGHER EDUCATION: NEW STREAMS
Authors: Бапаева Х.М. 
Published: February 2022

Цифровизация - одна из тенденций 21 века, которая пронизывает все социальные сферы жизни. Образование - это зеркало, отражающее все изменения, происходящие в современном мире. Развитие цифровых технологий и Интернета достигло высшего образования. Не только оцифровка базы знаний, образовательных и исследовательских платформ, но и организация обучения и поддержки студентов обладает огромным организационным потенциалом и потенциалом для повышения качества образования.
Digitalization is one of the trends of the 21st century that permeates all social spheres of life. Education is a mirror reflecting all the changes taking place in the modern world. The development of digital technologies and the Internet has reached higher education. Not only the digitization of the knowledge base, educational and research platforms, but also the organization of training and student support has enormous organizational potential and potential to improve the quality of education.
PROSPECTS OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE EDUCATION OF THE FUTURE
Authors: Арсабиева З.С. , Халиева Х.С. 
Published: February 2022

В 21 век мы вошли с бурно развивающимися технологиями, трансформациями во всех направлениях деятельности общества. Образование не стало исключением, полностью изменилась образовательная среда, в ней больше преобладают информационные технологии, выступая движущей силой образовательного прогресса. Дистанционное образование стало самой востребованной формой обучения в современном обществе. Современному обществу сложно посещать очные образовательные программы, и за сложные жизненные ситуация связанные с работой, с финансовым положением или состоянием здоровья. Сегодня информационные и телекоммуникационные технологии стирают границы и расстояния, без проблем можно пройти любой интересующий нас курс на любой обучающей платформе, даже если она находится в другой стране. Многие университеты мира выставляют свои дистанционные курсы на разных языках, что расширяет границы для студентов и самих университетов. Сегодня можно обучиться, практически любым наукам не выходя из дома. В образовании будущего преобладающими критериями, определяющими успеваемость будет зависеть от способности учиться дистанционно, интерактивно и самостоятельно.
We have entered the 21st century with rapidly developing technologies, transformations in all areas of society. Education has not become an exception, the educational environment has completely changed, it is more dominated by information technology, acting as the driving force of educational progress. Distance education has become the most popular form of education in modern society. It is difficult for modern society to attend full-time educational programs, and for difficult life situations related to work, financial situation or health status. Today, information and telecommunication technologies erase borders and distances, you can easily take any course we are interested in on any training platform, even if it is located in another country. Many universities around the world offer their distance courses in different languages, which expands the boundaries for students and universities themselves. Today, you can learn almost any sciences without leaving home. In the education of the future, the prevailing criteria determining academic performance will depend on the ability to study remotely, interactively and independently.
GLOBAL DATA STORAGE ON THE CLIENT SIDE
Authors: Исаева М.З. , Цуев М.М. 
Published: February 2022

Статья посвящена интеграции глобального хранилища в приложения. Также будет рассматриваться обязательное «must have» присутствие данной технологии передачи информации при проектировании современных веб-приложений, демонстрация ключевых проблем и их решения. Семантическое разбиение с последующей эксплуатацией запрашиваемых данных для применения или вывода в отдельные, составные и не зависимые части программы. Будем вникать в модульное разбиение центрального хранилища. Рассмотрим событийные привязки распределения со стороны пользователя и даже без его участия путем автоматизации этих процессов имеющимися инструментами рассматриваемой технологии в контексте темы статьи.
The article is devoted to the integration of global storage into applications. The mandatory “must have” presence of this information transfer technology in the design of modern web applications, demonstration of key problems and their solutions will also be considered. Semantic partitioning with subsequent exploitation of the requested data for application or output into separate, composite and independent parts of the program. We will delve into the modular partitioning of the central storage. Let’s consider event-based bindings of distribution on the part of the user and even without his participation by automating these processes with the available tools of the technology in question in the context of the topic of the article.
INDEPENDENT RESEARCH ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS
Authors: Намаева М.М. , Намаева Д.М. 
Published: February 2022

Данная статья посвящена рассмотрению самостоятельной исследовательской деятельности студентов. Считаем, что тема обладает особой актуальностью, обусловленной информатизацией современного общества, потребностью государства в специалистах, способных самостоятельно решать проблемы и задачи в различных сферах. В статье рассмотрены понятия «самостоятельность», «самостоятельная деятельность», «исследовательская деятельность», «самостоятельная исследовательская деятельность», а также самостоятельная исследовательская деятельность в условиях информационно-обучающей среды с использованием информационно-коммуникационных технологий. В результате проведенного анализа мы пришли к выводу, что организация самостоятельной исследовательской деятельности студентов посредством ИКТ будет способствовать приобретению и развитию профессионально важных качеств.
This article is devoted to the consideration of students’ independent research activities. We believe that the topic has a special relevance due to the informatization of modern society, the need of the state for specialists who are able to independently solve problems and tasks in various fields. The article discusses the concepts of “independence”, “independent activity”, “research activity”, “independent research activity”, as well as independent research activity in the conditions of an information and educational environment using information and communication technologies. As a result of the analysis, we came to the conclusion that the organization of independent research activities of students through ICT will contribute to the acquisition and development of professionally important qualities.