bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TANGGUNG JAWAB PERAWAT YANG MELAKUKAN TINDAK MEDIK DALAM RANGKA MELAKSANAKAN TUGAS DOKTER DI RUAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH JAYAPURA
Authors: Herniati  , Ingratubun M. Husni , Kusnanto  
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dengan judul Tanggung Jawab Perawat yang Melakukan Tindak MedikDalam Rangka Melaksanakan Tugas Dokter di RSU Daerah Jayapura, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian penelitian hukum normatif-empiris (applied law research) adalah penelitian yangmenggunakan studi kasus hukum normatif-empiris dengan mengkaji berupa produk hukum yakniUndang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Undang-Undang Nomor 38 Tahun2014 tentang Keperawatan, Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan, UndangUndangNomor44Tahun2009tentangRumahSakit,Undang-UndangNomor29Tahun2004tentang
Praktek
Kedokteran, Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 1992 tentang Kesehatan, PeraturanPemerintah Nomor 32 Tahun 1996 tentang Tenaga Kesehatan, Permenkes Nomor.HK.02.02/MENKES/148/I/2010 tentang Izin dan Penelenggaraan Praktik Perawat kemudian dikaitkan dengandata empirik, adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah Perawat dapat bertanggung jawab atas kesalahantindakan medis yang ia lakukan baik pertanggungjawaban hukum administrasi, hukum perdatamaupun pidana. Pertanggungjawaban hukum administrasi lahir karena adanya pelanggaranterhadap ketentuan hukum administrasi, Perawat dapat bertanggung jawab secara hukum perdataapabila tindakan perawat termasuk perbuatan melawan hukum sesuai dengan yang disebutkan dalam1365 KUHPerdata. Namun, Pasal 1367 KUHPerdata, bahwasanya dokter sebagai atasan yangmemberi instruksi kepada perawat yang mana sebagai bawahannya bertanggung jawab terhadaptindakan medik yang dilakukan oleh perawatnya, Pertanggungjawaban pidana terjadi karenakesalahan yang dilakukan oleh tenaga perawat dalam pelayanan kesehatan dapat terjadi karena tenaga kesehatan melakukan sesuatu yang seharusnya tidak dilakukan atau tidak melakukan sesuatuyang seharusnya dilakuan.
Simplified Control Structure of Fuzzy Logic and Kalman Filter for Induction Motor Drive
Authors: Nguyen Dung Quang , Nguyen Quang Thanh , Nguyen Trung Van , Le Tai Huu , Vo Hau Huu , Brandstetter Pavel 
Published: March 2022

The paper deals with the utilization of Kalman filter and fuzzy logic control in induction motor drive with direct torque control (DTC). In order to lower ripple of stator current vector in DTC drive, pulse width modulation technique with high switching frequency is applied. However, the performance of the DTC also depends on the accuracy of both stator resistance and stator current vector. In the paper, the stator resistance and stator current components are assumed to be distorted by Gaussian noises. In order to reduce the effect of noises especially at low speed and very low speed regions, a simple Kalman filter is applied for filtering current components, and fuzzy logic theory is used to increase the flexibility of proportional-integral (PI) compensator in the speed controller of the drive structure. Simulations are implemented in conditions of high-level noises of stator current and stator resistance, and a wide range of load torque. An ITAE-based criterion is utilized to evaluate the performance of drive structures. Results confirmed the expected dynamic properties of the proposed drive structure. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Non-Performing Loans of Commercial Banks, and Their Causes: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Duy Suu , Nghiem Quy Hao , Do Thanh Nhan 
Published: March 2022

Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) are a significant issue for all banks in Vietnam, attracting considerable attention from scholars. Our research aims to nd out the factors that affect the NPLs of Vietnamese commercial banks. The study uses Pooled Ordinary Least Square (OLS), Fixed effect, Random effect, and Generalized Least Square to examine secondary data of 28 commercial banks annually for the period 2008-2019. Consistent with previous research, the main finding shows that macroeconomic and microeconomic factors impact NPLs. Remarkably, provision for credit risk (PCR) has a significantly positive effect on the NPL ratio. Besides, foreign investor ownership (FOR) and bank size (SIZE) negatively affect the NPL ratio. Especially, for the positive correlation between foreign investor ownership and bank performance, the commercial bank should expand to enhance operational efficiency. Regarding macro factors, the results conclude that gross domestic product (GDP) growth and the unemployment rate (UEP) have a significantly negative relationship on NPLs. Therefore, the State Bank of Vietnam and the banks need to understand the leading causes as they directly relate to the banks in the context of the prevailing economic environment.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Review on Graphene-based Absorbers for Infrared to Ultraviolet Frequencies
Authors: Patel Shobhit K , Surve Jaymit , Parmar Juveriya , Nguyen Truong Khang 
Published: March 2022

The graphene-based absorbers are widely applicable and highly efficient. Graphene has very high electrochemical properties due to which tuning characteristics can be achieved with efficient and broadband absorption response. For this review paper, we have divided the graphene-based absorbers into three categories (Absorber sensors, Solar absorbers, and THz absorbers) based on their applications. We have presented a detailed discussion on various designs and their analysis in this paper. Absorber sensors are mainly applicable in biosensors for the detection of hemoglobin, urine biomolecules using the tuning properties of graphene, and are also applicable in medical, environmental, chemical, biological diagnostic applications. Solar absorbers are applicable in energy harvesting devices. Adding graphene layer in solar absorber design gives the highly efficient and broadband absorption response. THz absorbers are applicable in the THz applications in sensing and imaging devices. Some of the THz absorbers are improving the applications in the new field of nano-optics with 2D material. Graphene and its excellent electrical and optical properties are applied in material designs which create new structures applicable in novel applications like sensing, imaging, solar energy harvesting, etc.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Exploring the Creative Potential of Values Conscious Game Design: Students’ Experiences with the VAP Curriculum
Authors: Belman Jonathan , Flanagan Mary 
Published: March 2022

Values at Play is a research project investigating how social, moral, and political values can inform the design of digital games. For example, how can designers create games that affirm, explore, and/or interrogate values like peace, justice, patriotism, and tolerance. One project activity has been the development of a curriculum introducing university students to values conscious design. We use this term to describe an approach wherein designers consider the social, political, and moral resonances of design features in a systematic way. The curriculum has been used and evaluated in leading American game design programs. Here, we discuss the results of a focus group study and analysis of student design documents. Students experienced significant challenges applying values conscious design methods. However, they often overcame these challenges using either strategies provided by the curriculum or strategies of their own devising. These strategies can serve as models for designers interested in values conscious design. Overall, students’ work was impressively innovative and reactions to the curriculum were enthusiastic.
The Museology of Computergames—An interview with the curator of the Computerspiele Museum, Andreas Lange, and art historian and archivist Dr. Winfried Bergmeyer, Berlin.
Authors: Pederson Claudia Costa 
Published: March 2022

Germany may be the second largest market for videogames in Europe after Britain, but its recognition of the cultural impact of computer games is rather unique. The first videogame museum in the world, the Computerspiele museum in Berlin is thriving on the German state’s support of non-profit initiatives dedicated to develop digital media literacy. Since the museum’s founding in 1997, its activities have been steadily branching out from the initial goal of providing an educational venue focused on computer game culture. At its cramped office space in the Marchlewskistr. 27, the museum hosts Europe's largest collection of entertainment software and hardware. The archives also contain a collection of publications. Its exhibitions range in scope with of late a focus on exhibiting the work of artists using videogames as an artistic medium. The museum is also involved in research related to digital media archiving and preservation. My visit took place on the eve of the upcoming move to larger quarters that presume a permanent exhibition, a public library, and facilities for academic research.
No B.S.: The Contemporary Practice of Game Education, Design, and Development
Authors: McAllister Ken S. , Ruggill Judd Ethan 
Published: March 2022

This interview is excerpted from a series we conducted in 2010 with Quentin Rezin, a scripter/level designer at inXile Entertainment (http://www.inxile-entertainment.com/). Prior to joining inXile, Rezin studied computer science at the University of Arkansas and interned at Disney Interactive Studios/Buena Vista Games. He is currently working on Hunted: The Demon’s Forge.
Seriality's Ludic Promise: Film Serials and the Pre-History of Digital Gaming
Authors: Higgins Scott 
Published: March 2022

This essay explores the American Sound Serial film as part of a continuum to which digital gaming may also belong. By drawing on concepts derived from the study of video games, this study broadens our understanding of youth-oriented films produced in Hollywood from the 1930s to the mid 1950s. In turn, this provides a new vantage on continuities between old and new serial forms, and sheds light on digital gaming’s pre-history.
Design Foundations for Emotional Game Characters
Authors: Smith Geneva , Carette Jacques 
Published: March 2022

Recent Computer Role Playing Games such as Bethesda’s The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim and Nintendo’s The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, have entranced us with their expansive, complex worlds. However, the Non-Player Characters (NPCs) in these games remain stale and lackluster outside of scripted events. This is, in part, because game engines generally do not simulate emotions in their NPCs while they wander in the world. Wouldn't these games be much more interesting, potentially even more re-playable, if NPCs reacted more appropriately to the situations they find themselves in?To be able to do this, designers need an engine that models emotion, based on inputs available in the game world and from other designer-defined character elements such as personality, goals, and mood. A full-fledged cognitive architecture could fulfill this task, but it would likely be much too inefficient for use in a real-time environment like a game.There are many psychological models of emotion but only a few have been explored for video game applications. A game requires an emotion engine which generates believable results to enhance NPC agency and player engagement. Unlike AI agents and simulations of cognitive psychology theories, an emotion engine for games does not need to be correct or even justifiable. This enables the exploration of a variety of emotion theories that have not been actively considered for games. One such theory is Plutchik's psychoevolutionary synthesis. He proposes a method of organizing emotions into a cone, where the intensity of an emotion increases as one moves up the sides. It also postulates that primary emotions in the model can be arranged in opposing pairs and that other emotions can be composed from the primary emotions and their intensities. This allows for greater flexibility in the number and type of emotions to include, whereas most models that have been used before define a closed set of emotion types—a serious constraint on designer's freedom. A second theory, Lazarus's cognitive appraisal, better describes emotion elicitation and behaviour selection, and appears to integrate well with Plutchik's work.An emotion engine based on simplified versions of psychoevolutionary synthesis and cognitive appraisal is an understudied approach towards emotional NPCs. Together with readily identifiable elements of emotion processing, such as attention and action selection, an engine can be designed and customized to meet the needs of game designers with minimal impact on computational resources.We will present an overview of some existing cognitive architectures and emotion engines followed by a description of key elements in psychoevolutionary synthesis and cognitive appraisal. Next we list some requirements for an emotion engine for NPCs and how our selected emotion theories meet them. Finally, we propose a design and a collection of game-oriented test scenarios to illustrate how our design handles various facets of NPC emotional responses.
A Conceptual Critique of the Use of Moral Disengagement Theory in Research on Violent Video Games
Authors: Kjeldgaard-Christiansen Jens 
Published: March 2022

Moral disengagement refers to cognitive processes of misrepresenting immoral acts in order to justify them. Research on moral disengagement factors in violent video games assumes that the digital representation of violence in video games is meaningfully similar to the cognitive misrepresentation of immoral acts that defines moral disengagement. Thus, the story worlds of violent video games are thought to misrepresent violence as being justified in order that players may morally disengage from their violent actions. This article challenges the moral disengagement perspective on violent video games by demonstrating its empirical reliance on a conceptual misunderstanding: The story worlds of most video games are not representational; they do not deviously misrepresent an underlying reality against which players ought rightfully to judge their own in-game conduct. Rather, video games simply present a story world that is as real or unreal as the violence that occurs within it. Therefore, moral disengagement theory is not readily applicable to the story worlds of video games. The article proceeds to show how this misconception leads researchers to draw empirically false and topically fraught conclusions about how players perceive and respond to violence in video games. Thus, the article challenges the moral disengagement literature’s claim to meaningfully inform the pervasive debates surrounding violent video games.
The association between non-suicidal self-injury and negative life events in children and adolescents in underdeveloped regions of south-western China
Authors: Yang Fan , Jiang Linling , Miao Jing , Xu Xiufeng , Ran Hailiang , Che Yusan , Fang Die , Wang TianLan , Xiao Yuanyuan , Lu Jin 
Published: March 2022

Background
The association between negative life events and Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in children and adolescents has been extensively discussed. Nevertheless, little is known about the relationship between negative life events and repetition and severity of NSSI. This survey aims to understand the association between NSSI prevalence, severity, repetition and the negative life events in children and adolescents in underdeveloped regions in south-western China.

Methods
In this population-based cross-sectional study, 3,146 children and adolescents were included from underdeveloped regions of south-western China, and each of them requested to complete a self-assessment questionnaire. The Modified Version of Adolescents Self-Harm Scale (MASHS) and the Adolescent Self-rating negative Life Events Check-list were used to evaluate NSSI behaviors and negative life events, respectively. The statistical implementation of this study was carried out in the R statistical software, and the logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the relationship between negative life events and adolescents’ non-suicidal self-injury behaviors.

Results
The average age of all included participants was 13.31 years old. The lifetime prevalence of NSSI was 47.0% (95% CI [36.3–58.0%]). Gender, grade level and ASLEC was positively associated with NSSI. Further analysis revealed that, for all five dimensions of ASLEC, only interpersonal relationship factor (IRF) (OR 1.77 (95% CI [1.06–2.97])), health adaptation factor (HAF) (OR 2.08 (95% CI [1.31–3.31])) showed prominent association with NSSI. Multivariate Logistic regression models revealed that, repetitive NSSI (OR 4.54 (95% CI [3.66–5.63])) and NSSI severity (OR 9.01 (95% CI [6.11–13.29])) were positively associated with ASLEC.

Conclusion
NSSI is very common among children and adolescents in underdeveloped regions of south-western China. Negative life event are positively associated with NSSI, repeated NSSI, and severe NSSI. Negative life events centered intervention measures might be effective in reducing NSSI among school children and adolescents in underdeveloped regions of south-western China.
Expression of connexin-43 in surgical resections of primary tumor and lymph node metastases of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung: a retrospective study
Authors: Savic Ivana , Milovanovic Petar , Opric Svetlana , Ivanovic Nebojsa , Oprić Dejan 
Published: March 2022

Background
Connexins are transmembrane proteins forming gap junctions between the cells, which allow intercellular communication. Significance of gap junctions and connexins in lung carcinoma is not yet understood. The objective of the study was to investigate immunohistochemical expression and the localization of connexin-43 (Cx43) in primary lung carcinoma and its lymphatic metastases.

Methods
Surgical specimens of excised tumors from 88 patients (45 men and 43 women, 61.9 ± 7.4 years) with lung carcinoma (52 adenocarcinoma (AC), 36 squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC)) who were operated on at the University Hospital “Bezanijska Kosa” in a five-year period (2012–2016) were used. We conducted immunohistochemical staining for Cx43 and measured the degree of expression (percentage of positive cells and staining intensity) as well as localization of Cx43 in primary tumor and in lymphatic metastases.

Results
Immunohistochemical analysis of the primary tumors revealed that SqCC showed significantly higher percentage of tumor cells expressing Cx43 as well as higher staining intensity than AC (p < 0.001). Almost 70% of samples with SqCC showed high Cx43 expression, whereas AC showed no expression in more than 50% of cases. Localization of Cx43 expression was most often cytoplasmic (AC and SqCC) and combined membranous and cytoplasmic (SqCC) with very rare instances of nuclear localization (AC). Almost the same pattern in distribution, intensity, and localization of Cx43 expression was observed in the lymph node metastases; however, almost a third of AC cases changed the pattern of Cx43 expression in the metastasis compared to primary tumor.

Conclusion
The results of this study showed that lung carcinomas express Cx43 in more than 65% of cases and that it was aberrantly localized (not membranous localization). We highlighted that SqCC expressed Cx43 more than did AC, both in primary tumor and lymphatic metastases. Further research is needed to establish whether Cx43 could be used as a prognostic biomarker in lung carcinoma.
Characterization and Typology of Banana Producing Farms in the District of Houeyogbe in Southern Benin
Authors: Ahouangninou Claude , Zandjanakou-Tachin Martine , Abiola Adikath , Avocevou-Ayisso Carole , Vodounou Marc , Affokpon Antoine , Fanou André 
Published: March 2022

Background: Banana constitutes an important crop in the tropics and participates in food security in many countries of Africa. It is a widely consumed fruit in Benin. Unfortunately, the trend in yields of this crop showed a year to year decrease since 2008 to 2019, leading production to continue falling short of demand. However, there is a paucity of information on farming systems in Benin, an important step to tackle this issue. This study aims at characterizing the types of bananas farming production systems.
Methods: We conducted structured interviews with sixty-two (62) farmers in four villages of Houéyogbé District in southern Benin between November 2015 and February 2016. Farmers were selected randomly in each village from lists based on the recommendation of local authorities and extension services officers.
Results: The results reveal three classes of banana farms which operate differently and thus have different features. Group 1 is made up of small-scale farms with low-income farmers. These farmers did not hire labour, did not follow agronomic production practices, and did not maintain their farms well. Such farms can be classed as “backyard crop garden”. Group 2 includes farms with average size and income in whose farmers maintain their fields, conduct inter-cropping, did not use bought planting material but sold it. Exclusively headed by men, Group 3 includes large-size banana farms whose owners had high income, who use fertilizer, and maintain their farms well. Areas planted, seed purchase, leaf-stripping and system of production significantly influence income at the 1%, 5% and 10% thresholds respectively.
Conclusion: Several constraints to banana production have been identified through this study. They include pests and diseases, lack of clean-certified planting material, type of land, amount of fertilizer and maintenance inputs, and market. In addition, production is limited by a lack of knowledge on agronomic practices. Training on macro-propagation, agronomic practices, pests and diseases recognition with control strategy could help overcome these constraints and improve banana production in this district.