bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From refugee to manager? Organisational socialisation practices, refugees' experiences and polyrhythmic socialisation
Authors: Ortlieb Renate , Ressi Elena 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLabour market integration of refugees is a challenge to which employers can make a major contribution. This study examines how organisational socialisation practices tailored to the needs of refugees shape the refugees' socialisation and development. We draw on a longitudinal case study focused on refugees doing apprenticeships in a supermarket chain in Austria. We show how a set of organisational practices benefit the refugees. However, these practices, along with other factors inside and outside the workplace, also complicate the refugees' progress because they create tensions related to time. We identify three temporal tensions and propose the concept of ‘polyrhythmic socialisation’ to theorise about the specific shape of these tensions, their causes and consequences. We formulate recommendations for practitioners and avenues for future research.
Epilepsy and brain network hubs
Authors: Royer Jessica , Bernhardt Boris C. , Larivière Sara , Gleichgerrcht Ezequiel , Vorderwülbecke Bernd J. , Vulliémoz Serge , Bonilha Leonardo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEpilepsy is a disorder of brain networks. A better understanding of structural and dynamic network properties may improve epilepsy diagnosis, treatment, and prognostics. Hubs are brain regions with high connectivity to other parts of the brain and are typically situated along the brain's most efficient communication pathways, supporting large‐scale brain wiring and many higher order neural functions. The visualization and analysis of hubs offers a perspective on regional and global network organization and can provide novel insights into brain disorders and epilepsy. By notably supporting the interaction between various brain networks, hubs may be implicated in seizure spread and in epilepsy‐related phenotypes. In this review, we will discuss the growing literature on atypical hub organization in common epilepsy syndromes, both related to neuroimaging of brain structure and function, and related to neurophysiological data from magneto‐ and electroencephalographic measures of neural dynamics. With studies increasingly exploring the clinical utility of network neuroscience approaches, we highlight the potential of hub mapping as a candidate biomarker of cognitive dysfunction and postsurgical seizure outcome. We will conclude the review with a discussion of current limitations and outlook for future research.
Revisiting tolerance to ocean acidification: Insights from a new framework combining physiological and molecular tipping points of Pacific oyster
Authors: Lutier Mathieu , Di Poi Carole , Gazeau Frédéric , Appolis Alexis , Le Luyer Jérémy , Pernet Fabrice 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStudies on the impact of ocean acidification on marine organisms involve exposing organisms to future acidification scenarios, which has limited relevance for coastal calcifiers living in a mosaic of habitats. Identification of tipping points beyond which detrimental effects are observed is a widely generalizable proxy of acidification susceptibility at the population level. This approach is limited to a handful of studies that focus on only a few macro‐physiological traits, thus overlooking the whole organism response. Here we develop a framework to analyze the broad macro‐physiological and molecular responses over a wide pH range in juvenile oyster. We identify low tipping points for physiological traits at pH 7.3–6.9 that coincide with a major reshuffling in membrane lipids and transcriptome. In contrast, a drop in pH affects shell parameters above tipping points, likely impacting animal fitness. These findings were made possible by the development of an innovative methodology to synthesize and identify the main patterns of variations in large ‐omic data sets, fitting them to pH and identifying molecular tipping points. We propose the broad application of our framework to the assessment of effects of global change on other organisms.
Changes in plant inputs alter soil carbon and microbial communities in forest ecosystems
Authors: Feng Jiguang , He Keyi , Zhang Qiufang , Han Mengguang , Zhu Biao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGlobal changes can alter plant inputs from both above‐ and belowground, which, thus, may differently affect soil carbon and microbial communities. However, the general patterns of how plant input changes affect them in forests remain unclear. By conducting a meta‐analysis of 3193 observations from 166 experiments worldwide, we found that alterations in aboveground litter and/or root inputs had profound effects on soil carbon and microbial communities in forest ecosystems. Litter addition stimulated soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and microbial biomass, whereas removal of litter, roots or both (no inputs) decreased them. The increased SOC under litter addition suggested that aboveground litter inputs benefit SOC sequestration despite accelerated decomposition. Unlike root removal, litter alterations and no inputs altered particulate organic carbon, whereas all detrital treatments did not significantly change mineral‐associated organic carbon. In addition, detrital treatments contrastingly altered soil microbial community, with litter addition or removal shifting it toward fungi, whereas root removal shifting it toward bacteria. Furthermore, the responses of soil carbon and microbial biomass to litter alterations positively correlated with litter input rate and total litter input, suggesting that litter input quantity is a critical controller of belowground processes. Taken together, these findings provide critical insights into understanding how altered plant productivity and allocation affects soil carbon cycling, microbial communities and functioning of forest ecosystems under global changes. Future studies can take full advantage of the existing plant detritus experiments and should focus on the relative roles of litter and roots in forming SOC and its fractions.
Exploring the nexus between natural disasters and food (in)security: Evidence from rural Bangladesh
Authors: Shah Muhammad Ibrahim , Ahmmed Sakil , Khalid Usman 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) emphasise the reduction of poverty, hunger, and food insecurity as prerequisites for the economic development of a country. This paper examines how natural disaster shocks affect the food security of rural households in Bangladesh. We utilise the latest edition of the Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (BIHS) produced by the International Food Policy Research Institute to understand the determinants of food security. In contrast to the existing literature, we use the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) to measure household food security. The empirical result from an ordered logit regression suggests that households that are exposed to natural disaster shocks are more likely to be food insecure compared with households that have not been exposed to such shocks. Furthermore, international remittances increase food security, while domestic remittances do not significantly affect household food security. The study also found that the marital status and education of the household head, household indebtedness, household size, education, expenditures and landownership significantly affect food security. Our findings underscore the importance of investing in the development of infrastructure and food storage facilities in rural communities to tackle food insecurity. Moreover, increasing technical knowledge and improving the quality of education are vital to strengthen food security in Bangladesh.
Fields of change? Actors, institutions and social fields in the green restructuring of the Flåm tourism industry
Authors: Bækkelund Nora Geirsdotter 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe need for green industrial restructuring is increasingly being recognised, also within the tourism industries. This paper investigates the green restructuring of the tourism industry in the village Flåm, where actors and social fields at different geographical scales are involved. A multi‐scalar perspective on social fields, with their different institutional logics, provides a framework for approaching the roles of overlapping logics and actors’ institutional work in driving and giving direction to green restructuring. The investigation finds that institutional change in different fields is interconnected through scalar overlaps and through actors’ institutional work across fields.
The spatial relationship between the mobility and scientific cooperation of Chinese scientists
Authors: Shi Wentian , Fu Quansheng , Yang Wenlong , Yang Fan , Lin Xiao , Mu Xueying 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper constructs a mobility network of Chinese scientists and a cooperation network of scientific research based on data on mobility and research cooperation in China at the urban scale. Through several methods, including spatial analysis, network analysis, and regression analysis, the nodes and bilateral relations in the two networks are found to be highly coupled. Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta are hot spots for the mobility and scientific research cooperation networks of Chinese scientists. Only a few cities in the two networks play important roles, and most of the cities serve as a foil. The spatial mobility and scientific research cooperation activities of Chinese scientists are concentrated in the eastern region, the Chinese scientists’ mobility and scientific research cooperation networks are rhombus structure, the two networks both are compact and hierarchical network with Beijing as the single dominant city, and the power‐law distribution in the bilateral relationship of two networks shows a “pyramid structure”. Finally, we discuss the possible reasons for the spatial co‐location relationship between the mobility and scientific cooperation of scientists.
Well‐being of higher education consumers: A review and research agenda
Authors: Khatri Puja , Duggal Harshleen Kaur 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe concept of students‐as‐consumers has gained traction with the neo‐liberal agenda taking root in the higher education arena. A key value that these consumers look for and derive from their tertiary education is well‐being. Thus, a cognizance of the nature of student well‐being (SWB) is vital for educational institutions to effectively foster the well‐being of their consumers. This calls for synthesizing existing literature to facilitate an aggregate understanding of the construct. This review paper aims to integrate the bulk of psychological, higher education and consumer literature on well‐being of students to arrive at a holistic picture. To achieve this, a framework‐based systematic review of 112 articles from the last two decades was conducted. A combination of two well‐established organizing frameworks has been used to generate structured insights. The antecedents, decisions and outcomes (ADO) framework reveals what we know about the construct. Simultaneously, the theories, contexts and methods (TCCM) framework sheds light on the different theories, contexts and methods applied in SWB research. Additionally, this paper also strives to uncover the major gaps in extant literature and provide concrete directions for future research. Scholars across the disciplines of psychology, marketing and consumer behaviour can draw on these findings and directions for conducting their research. Because the review was undertaken from a global standpoint, it has implications for researchers and practitioners across the world. Higher education institutes can use these findings to develop support mechanisms that will allow them to fulfil their pastoral role to student consumers and inculcate a positive brand image.
Suivre l'évolution du discours sur le développement dans la Revue internationale du Travail
Authors: GHOSH Jayati , RANI Uma 
Published: January 2022

RésuméDans l'introduction de ce numéro du centenaire, nous suivons le discours sur le développement tel qu'il ressort d'une série d'articles publiés dans la Revue internationale du Travail entre 1971 et 2020. Les treize articles choisis pour figurer dans ce numéro proposent, sur le développement, des perspectives diverses, à des moments différents. L'accent est mis sur les revenus, la transformation structurelle, l'amélioration de la vie des populations grâce au développement social, et les interactions entre croissance économique, emploi et marché du travail. Ces contributions analytiques et empiriques, qui mettent en lumière divers aspects de la relation entre développement économique et travail, restent pertinentes pour nous aider à comprendre les processus de développement et les débats politiques en cours aujourd'hui.
An advanced transparent hydropolymer wound dressing for undisturbed post‐op management of surgical wounds following hip and knee replacement: A prospective observational series
Authors: Rousseau Thomas , Plomion Chloe , Sandy‐Hodgetts Kylie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are standardised surgical procedures for patients with complex comorbidities. The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol has shown reduced lengths of hospital stay and reduced postoperative complications. Currently, there is a paucity of recommendations in regards to dressing selection for postoperative wound care within the ERAS protocol. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of a transparent hydropolymer wound dressing in suit for 14 days in 20 orthopaedic patients following hip or knee arthroplasty under the ERAS protocol. The majority of participants (90%) had a wear time of 14 days without the need for dressing removal. Clinicians rated the dressing very easy to apply with very good visibility of the incision line (100%). All participants reported the dressing to be ‘very comfortable’ (95%, n = 19) or ‘comfortable’ (5%, n = 1). Overall, the transparent hydropolymer dressing provided sufficient incision site visibility, reducing the need for dressing changes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the use of a transparent hydropolymer dressing in situ for 14 days to allow undisturbed wound healing.
Annealing temperature controlled crystallization mechanism and properties of gallium oxide film in forming gas atmosphere
Authors: Wang Chen , Li Shi‐Wei , Fan Wei‐Hang , Zhang Yu‐Chao , Lin Hai‐Jun , Zhang Xiao‐Ying , Lien Shui‐Yang , Zhu Wen‐Zhang , Wuu Dong‐Sing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGallium oxide (Ga2O3) films had been fabricated on Al2O3(0001) substrate by employing pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and annealed at different temperatures under forming gas (FG) atmosphere (95% N2 + 5% H2). The influence of annealing temperature on the structural, optical, chemical composition, and surface morphological properties of the Ga2O3 thin films was investigated comprehensively. The annealing processes with hydrogen gas play a crucial role in the characteristics of Ga2O3 thin films. A crystallization mechanism of Ga2O3 films controlled by annealing temperature has been proposed firstly and analyzed systematically, which contains three kinds of competitive mechanism, namely the thermal enhanced crystallization, the enhanced H2 dissociative adsorption on Ga2O3 surfaces, and the high‐temperature decomposition of Ga2O3. Both Ga+ and Ga3+ oxidation valence states were presented in all samples, which indicated lattice oxygen deficiency in Ga2O3 films. The variation of the non‐lattice oxygen proportion of Ga2O3 films related to the crystallization mechanism firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of annealing temperature. The detailed crystallization mechanism of PLD‐Ga2O3 films annealed in FG offers a guideline and references for the further fabrication of high‐quality Ga2O3 films and their applications in high‐performance devices.
Enhanced microwave absorption features of Ba3Co2Fe24O41 hexaferrite by high lanthanium doping concentration
Authors: Tran Ngo , Yang Ruey‐Bin , Jeong Woo Hyun , Manh Do Hung , Phan The‐Long , Lee Bo Wha 
Published: January 2022

AbstractControlling material structure and its electromagnetic properties, including complex permittivity and permeability, could enhance the microwave absorption performance of the material in terms of reflection loss and effective absorption bandwidth. In this study, La‐substituted barium hexaferrite, Ba3−xLaxCo2Fe24O41 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5) compounds were successfully prepared using the solid‐state reaction method, and their corresponding microstructures, static magnetic properties, and electromagnetic features in 2–18 GHz were investigated. The doping of La content increased saturation magnetization, coercivity, and remnant magnetization. The Ba2.7La0.3Co2Fe24O41 epoxied sample with 3.5 mm thickness possessed an excellent microwave absorption of −47.3 dB at 3.52 GHz, and its corresponding effective absorption bandwidths were 3.75 GHz (2.25–6 GHz) and 0.57 GHz (17.43–18 GHz). It is shown that doping with various La concentrations on Ba3Co2Fe24O41 can be used as an effective technique to tune the performance of microwave absorbers based on barium hexaferrite.
Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy and ultrastructural analysis of penicillin‐producing Penicillium rubens strains
Authors: Campos Carolina , Moreno Ruiz Luis Alberto , Fragoso‐Soriano Rogelio , Sato‐Berrú Roberto Y. , Hernández‐Pérez Elizabeth , Fernández Francisco J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRaman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques can perform chemical analyses and acquire high‐resolution images of cell samples. For this reason, in this study, semi‐thin sections of a single Penicillium rubens cell were analysed by Raman enhanced surface spectroscopy. The spectra showed peaks corresponding to the macromolecules that make up the cellular components. In addition, the various organelles were analysed by TEM and AFM to observe the cellular nanostructures. With the use of these techniques, it is possible to identify molecules in semi‐thin sections, which provides a wide potential for biomedical applications and for the analysis of cell dynamics.The observation of the most detailed possible structure of cells is used as a starting point in numerous studies to identify and localise some biochemical processes. Given that the function of eukaryotic cells depends on the location, shape, structure and function of the subcellular organelles (and on the interaction between them), the sum of the data obtained allows a complete analysis of what happens in the cell. This article addresses, from a multidisciplinary point of view, what happens in a single cell of a filamentous fungus (Penicillium rubens) while it is in a physiological moment (secondary metabolism) that allows the biosynthesis of an antibiotic (penicillin). For this purpose, different types of microscopies were used (TEM: transmission electron microscopy, and AFM: atomic force microscopy, which allow visualising small details in the cell) and a spectroscopy method (Raman, which allows detecting certain characteristics of the macromolecules and some stretching bonds). Regarding the results, during the synthesis of penicillin, the antibiotic‐producing Penicillium rubens cells showed significant changes compared to the non‐producing cells: the cell wall is observed to be significantly thickened in the production phase, organelles such as peroxisomes grow in number and size since it is known that the final route of metabolite synthesis takes place in them. When penicillin is released from peroxisomes, they must be degraded to release the load from the cell; this is done by vacuoles, which are active and engulf peroxisomes. The newly synthesised penicillin is found within secretory vesicles that travel towards the cell membrane and both membranes fuse creating ripples. On the other hand, and given that a single cell is being studied, it is essential to increase the signal to detect biomolecules employing the Raman‐SERS technique, using a silver substrate to obtain the increased signal.
Isotretinoin‐induced inflammatory back pain and sacroiliitis in patients with moderate‐to‐severe acne vulgaris
Authors: Seyman Civelek Ünzüle , Baykal Selcuk Leyla , Aksu Arica Deniz , Capkin Erhan , Yayli Savas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionIsotretinoin has been reported to induce inflammatory back pain (IBP) and sacroiliitis in the patients with acne vulgaris. The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence of IBP and sacroiliitis in patients receiving isotretinoin treatment compared with oral antibiotics for acne vulgaris.Materials and MethodsA total of 201 patients with moderate‐to‐severe acne vulgaris who received isotretinoin (n = 100) or oral antibiotics (n = 101) were included in the study. All patients were monthly questioned for IBP symptoms during their treatment. Patients described IBP were also evaluated for sacroiliitis by c‐reactive protein, sedimentation rate, HLAB27, and sacroiliac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Isotretinoin was discontinued in all patients diagnosed as sacroiliitis, and these patients were reevaluated after 3 months.ResultsIBP was observed in 21 (10.4%), and sacroiliitis was detected in 11 (11%) patients on isotretinoin treatment; in oral antibiotic group, we did not observe IBP or sacroiliitis. The incidence of IBP and sacroiliitis differed significantly between the isotretinoin and oral antibiotic groups (p < 0.0001, p = 0.02). Complete regression was observed in the great majority of patients following cessation of isotretinoin.ConclusionsOur study is the largest prospective controlled study that investigated the incidence of sacroiliitis in patients receiving isotretinoin and compared with patients using oral antibiotics.
Placental CD34 immunohistochemistry in fetal vascular malperfusion in stillbirth
Authors: Stanek Jerzy , Drach Alex 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the use of CD34 immunostaining in diagnosing of fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM) in stillborns.MethodsWe examined 25 independent clinical (pregnancy and fetal outcomes) and 48 placental phenotypes in 100 placentas of consecutive stillborns at ≥20 weeks of gestation. Group 1 comprised 34 cases with no distal villous FVM; Group 2 comprised 36 placentas with clustered distal villous FVM (sclerotic villi, hypovascularity, stromal vascular karyorrhexis, and/or mineralization) determined using hematoxylin–eosin staining not upgraded by CD34 immunostaining, and Group 3 comprised 30 placentas with FVM diagnosed or upgraded by CD34 immunostaining (distal villous endothelial fragmentation and/or villous hypovascularity).ResultsDiffuse villous lesions of fetal retention with various degrees were present in approximately 50% of the cases in all groups; however, histological evaluation for FVM was still possible in most stillborns. Abnormal clinical phenotypes were significantly less frequent than abnormal placental phenotypes of FVM (8.6% vs. 24%, respectively). Chronic hypoxic placental injury patterns, fetal blood erythroblastosis, some features of shallow placental implantation, and muscular FVM lesions were most common in Group 2. Only decidual arteriopathy (hypertrophic and or hyaline necrosis/atherosis) was most frequent in Group 3.ConclusionMost distal FVM lesions can be observed on hematoxylin–eosin placental slides only several days following the inciting event. CD34 immunostaining can reveal recent distal villous lesions of FVM featuring segmental villous endothelial fragmentation for de novo diagnosis or for upgrading FVM. Routine CD34 immunostaining has demonstrated FVM to be the major pattern of placental injury in stillborns.