bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compatibility of prolonged infusion antibiotics during Y‐site administration
Authors: Nunez‐Nunez María , Murillo‐Izquierdo Manuel , Moya‐Martin Marisa , Hoxha Malvina , Quesada Pérez M. Teresa , Oltra‐Hostalet Fernando , Alonso‐Ramos Hector , Cordero‐Ramos Jaime , Barrera‐Cabeza Jose , Retamar‐Gentil Pilar , Fernández‐del‐Castillo Santiago Sandoval 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial resistance is a threat to global public health. The use of prolonged infusions in the hospital setting for certain antimicrobials is widely increasing in order to improve their efficacy and safety, including resistance development. Due to limited vascular access, it is important to clarify whether they can be infused through the same line with other drugs during Y‐site administration.AimThe aim of this review is to update and summarize the evidence on Y‐site compatibility of antibacterial agents administered as prolonged infusions in intensive care units (ICUs).Study DesignA literature review of PubMed, EMBASE and Trissel's Handbook on Injectable Drugs databases was conducted on the compatibility of selected antimicrobials administered simultaneously at a Y‐site connection with parenteral nutrition and other widely used drugs in ICUs. All articles published up to October 30, 2021, in English or Spanish were included, regardless of the type of publication (original articles, case reports, letters, etc.). Eligible antimicrobials were those that can be administered as prolonged infusions: ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem, ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftaroline, cloxacillin, ceftobiprole, vancomycin and fosfomycin.ResultsA total of 1302 drug‐to‐drug potential combinations were explored, 196 (15.05%) were found to be incompatible, and in 541 (41.55%), data were not available. The results were presented in a simple 2‐dimensional consultation chart as a quick reference for health care professionals.ConclusionsThis review provides useful and reliable information on the compatibility of antimicrobials administered as Y‐site infusion with other drugs commonly used in the critical setting. This review contributes to patient safety in nursing practice.Relevance to Clinical PracticeTo our knowledge, this is the first review on Y‐site compatibility of antimicrobials used as prolonged infusions with other commonly used drugs, including anti‐emetics, analgesics and anti‐epileptic and parenteral nutrition. The results of the current review need to be addressed to promote the knowledge sharing between health professionals and improve the quality and safety of patients. We believe that this review may serve as a simple and effective 2‐dimensional updated drug‐to‐drug compatibility reference chart for critical care nurses.
PCBP2 knockdown promotes ferroptosis in malignant mesothelioma
Authors: Yue Lin , Luo Yaguang , Jiang Li , Sekido Yoshitaka , Toyokuni Shinya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMalignant mesothelioma (MM) is still increasing worldwide. The pathogenesis depends on asbestos‐induced iron accumulation, which eventually leads to ferroptosis‐resistance of mesothelial cells via somatic mutations. Poly (rC)‐binding proteins 1 and 2 (PCBP1/2) are recently recognized cytosolic Fe(II) chaperones. Here we studied the role of PCBP1/2 in rat/human mesothelial and MM cells as well as rat/human MM specimens. Normal peritoneal mesothelial cells in rats exhibited PCBP1 but not PCBP2 immunopositivity whereas primary/immortalized mesothelial cells showed PCBP1/2 immunopositivity. Rat MM specimens induced by intraperitoneal injection of chrysotile, including in situ lesion, revealed PCBP1/2 immunopositivity (90% for both) in the nucleus and cytoplasm with a tendency of higher expression in epithelioid subtype. Knockdown of PCBP2 but not PCBP1 significantly decreased both TfR1 and FTH expression in MM cells with inhibition of proliferation, indicating stagnation of intracellular iron transport. Erastin, a cysteine‐deprivation type ferroptosis inducer, decreased the expression of both PCBP1/2 in MM cells. Furthermore, PCBP2 knockdown significantly increased the sensitivity of MM cells to erastin‐induced ferroptosis with increased catalytic Fe(II). In conclusion, PCBP2 works for ferroptosis‐resistance not only during mesothelial carcinogenesis but also in MM, which warrants further investigation as a novel therapeutic target.
Representative Bureaucracy Theory and the Implicit Embrace of Whiteness and Masculinity
Authors: Portillo Shannon , Humphrey Nicole , Bearfield Domonic A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThroughout much of representative bureaucracy literature, scholars have primarily focused on the representation of people seen as other in the professional workforce—people of color and women. However, whiteness and masculinity have been central to the development of public administration as a field of scholarship and practice. As a field, we have often avoided explicit discussions regarding the impact whiteness and masculinity. We argue that silences around race and gender have significant implications. Using representative bureaucracy as a frame, we seek to highlight how acknowledging whiteness and masculinity in our scholarship can help provide a more comprehensive understanding of race and gender in public administration.
Design and development of a web‐based interactive twin platform for watershed management
Authors: Qiu Yinguo , Duan Hongtao , Xie Hui , Ding Xiaokang , Jiao Yaqin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere are limitations to traditional digital watershed platforms in terms of realistic visualization of geospatial elements and powerful decision support for watershed management. To advance the status quo, a web‐based digital twin is designed and implemented in this article that can: (1) realize virtual simulation of geographic elements on the browser side; (2) present the current situation and excessive information of the watershed water environment; and (3) provide decision support for integrated watershed management. Multiple 3D modeling methods are adopted cooperatively for total‐factor virtual simulation of geographic elements, and a browser‐side data loading scheme is designed for dynamic loading and cull rendering of 3D models. Additionally, schemes for spatiotemporal modeling of multisource data, analysis of multitype data, and scientific computation of mathematical models are proposed to support precise watershed management, making the platform practical. The implemented digital twin is applied in the Chaohu Lake Watershed, demonstrating that it can realize both stunning visual effects and practical decision‐support functions.
Safety Optimal Design of Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Based on Multiphysics Models
Authors: Li Wei , Wu Kai , Song Jinyang , Chen Yong , Qiu Wei , Li Jiani , Xu Jun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The behavior of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) under mechanical loading is a complex multiphysics process including mechanical deformation, internal short circuit, and thermal runaway. To deeply understand the mechanism of battery failure and accurately predict the onset of internal short circuit and thermal runaway, a multiphysics-based computation framework of LIBs is in pressing need. In this article, a multiphysics model that couples five submodels (mechanical model, internal short-circuit model, battery model, heat transfer model, and thermal runaway model) is established to predict the evolution of force, voltage, and temperature under steel ball compression. The suitable agreement between simulation results and experimental data of batteries with different state of charges demonstrates that the proposed model is capable of predicting the multiphysical behavior of the battery. Further, a systematic parametric study is conducted to investigate the short-circuit triggering and temperature rise of batteries under different conditions, and the workflow of battery safety optimal design is proposed by applying the multiphysics model.
A Knowledge-Based Approach Toward Representation and Archiving of Aesthetic Information for Product Conceptual Design
Authors: Hu Huicong , Liu Ying , Lu Wen Feng , Guo Xin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The representation and archiving of design information play an essential role in product conceptual design by enabling the design teams to reuse existing solutions. However, most existing studies on information management of conceptual design focus mainly on the systematization of function-related design knowledge, while few studies are related to the aesthetic aspect of design information. The challenge lies in acquiring and quantifying the aesthetic information involved in conceptual design activities. It is also difficult to represent and archive the relationships and hierarchies of aesthetic information in conceptual design. In this context, this study proposes a method to facilitate the searching and retrieval of existing design solutions with effective representation and archiving of both functional and aesthetic information in conceptual design. First, to address the challenge of acquiring and quantifying the aesthetic information, Kansei adjectives and aesthetic design principles were applied to quantify the aesthetic design information. Second, a model using knowledge-based information representation and an approach for archiving conceptual design information was proposed to represent and archive the aesthetic information in hierarchal relationships. The proposed approach was illustrated by a case study of digital camera design. A system prototype with a domain-driven vocabulary to represent and archive aesthetic information for digital camera design was successfully developed to show the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Performance of Two-Dimensional Functionally Graded Anode Supported Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Osman Sameer , Ahmed Khaled , Ahmed Mahmoud 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Ceramic materials used in solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are subjected to high thermal stresses which is a result of the unequal thermal expansion coefficient of different layers. As a result, SOFCs are susceptible to failure at elevated temperatures, and therefore the maximum operating temperature is limited. Consequently, the power density is limited as well. Fuel cells with electrodes that have graded compositions in the thickness direction have been investigated to control the thermal expansion. In this study, two-dimensional grading is proposed for the electrodes and compared with the one-dimensional grading in terms of thermal stress and performance. A comprehensive model is developed for high-temperature SOFCs that include the momentum, species, energy, and charge transport equations. Furthermore, the bilinear elastoplastic model is used for the calculation of thermal stresses and failure of solids. Two-dimensional functionally graded electrodes are studied in which the grading is implemented in the thickness and length directions. Results indicate that continuous one-dimensional grading functions reduced thermal stresses by 40% for m = 0.8 compared with conventional electrodes. It also improved the electrochemical performance, as the maximum power density increased by 15%. For the 2D piecewise linear grading function, a further improvement of reducing thermal stresses by an extra 16.5% is obtained. Two-dimensional graded SOFCs can therefore operate at higher temperatures safely in terms of thermal stresses. This creates an opportunity to fabricate high-temperature, compact SOFCs for high-power applications.
An Explicit Coupling Model for Accurate Prediction of Force-Induced Deflection in Thin-Walled Workpiece Milling
Authors: Shi Da-Ming , Huang Tao , Zhang Xiao-Ming , Ding Han 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cutting force-induced vibrations in thin-walled parts milling may cause violation of dimensional tolerance while accurate modeling of the milling error distribution is still a challenging work because of the coupling effect between the dynamic cutting forces and the resulting steady-state vibrations. It greatly increases the computational complexity to capture the true cutter–workpiece engagement with classic time domain or iteration method. This paper proposes a novel explicit model to predict the error distribution considering this coupling relationship without iterative calculation. A new cutting force model with variable coefficients with respect to the deflections is developed to describe the dynamic cutting forces. The effectiveness of the force model is verified by a group of calibration experiments. The analytical solution of the dynamic model is discussed and a semi-analytical method is constructed to predict the error distribution directly. Machined surface as well as the deformation errors are derived and thin-walled workpiece milling experiments for verification are conducted. Comparisons between simulations and experiments show that the proposed method is accurate and efficient.
Estimation of Temperature-Dependent Effective Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat of Thermally Bonded High Bulk Nonwoven Exposed to Sub-Zero Temperature
Authors: Dupade Vikrant , Premachandran B. , Rengasamy R. S. , Talukdar Prabal 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this work, temperature-dependent effective thermal conductivity and specific heat of high bulk thermally bonded polyester nonwovens (composed of four fibers, namely, 1.4 denier solid, 3 denier hollow, 6 denier hollow, and 15 denier hollow individually) are estimated for the sub-zero condition where the temperature drops up to 213 K (−60 °C). Experiments are performed in a custom-made climatic chamber for measurement of the transient sensor temperature data placed at a different location inside the fiber web. The test chamber can achieve and maintain the temperature in the range of 213–310 K. The properties are estimated using theoretical relations available in the literature. Heat transfer through the fiber web is assumed to be a one-dimensional coupled conduction-radiation problem. Effective thermal conductivity is calculated at a different ambient temperature ranging from 213 K to 273 K, and specific heat is calculated at an ambient temperature of 213 K. Experimental temperature profiles compare well with numerical temperature profiles and thus justify the numerical methodology adopted in this work. It can be seen from the results that effective thermal conductivity and specific heat decreases with a decrease in temperature which is favorable in providing more insulation in an extremely cold climate.
Infrared Drying Characteristics and Quality Variations of Lily Bulbs Under Blanching Pretreatment
Authors: Huang Dan , Yang Pei , Qin Yiting , Gong Guiliang , Tang Xiaohong , Luo Wusheng , Luo Lei , Sunden Bengt 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Infrared drying characteristics and quality variations (color change, hardness, contents of polyphenol and flavonoid) of lily bulbs under blanching pretreatment are investigated. Influences of parameters such as pretreatment temperature and time and infrared drying temperature are discussed. Effective moisture diffusivity coefficient, activation energy, and energy consumption were calculated. Results showed that drying time was reduced by 62.5%, 56.3%, and 61.5% at 90 °C compared to 60 °C when blanching time was 4, 5, and 6 min, respectively. A blanching time of 5 min and drying temperature of 70 °C were ideal for pretreatment and drying to maintain good color quality. Hardness value of lily bulb decreased as drying temperature and blanching time increased. Seventy to eighty degree celcius was ideal drying condition to maintain good hardness quality. Blanching time and drying temperature differently affected contents of flavonoids and polyphenols of lily bulbs. Basically, when blanching time was relatively long and drying temperature was relatively high, the content of polyphenols was high.
Tribological Characterization of TiAlC Nanostructured Coatings Deposited by DC Pulse Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Gautam Rohit Kumar Singh , Nautiyal Hemant , Tyagi Rajnesh , Ranjan Vinayak 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To reveal the effect of carbon content on tribological performance of coatings, TiAlC films having four different amounts of carbon content were synthesized using DC pulse magnetron sputtering. The amount of carbon was varied by using different graphite target powers of 400, 450, 500, and 550 W while keeping the TiAl target power fixed at 80 W. Sliding friction and wear behavior of TiAlC nanostructured coatings deposited on Si (100) substrates by (DC) pulse magnetron sputtering was examined against steel ball using a ball on disk configuration’ at a load of 1 N and sliding speed of 7 mm/s. The coating deposited at 500 W graphite target power attained a hardness of 20.24 GPa and elastic modulus of 246 GPa. Tribological test results indicate that the coating deposited at (500 W, 25 at% C) has the lowest coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.29 as well as the wear-rate of 6.52 × 10−13 (mm3/Nm). The observed behavior has been attributed to the increase in crystalline nano graphite phase, increase in compactness of coating, and the formation of compact oxide layer. The nano indentation statistics showed that resistance to plastic deformation (H3/E*2) and elastic strain to failure (H/E*) increased with the increasing target power and reached the highest value at (500 W, 25 at%C) in TiAlC films.
A Mechanism-Based General Theory for Friction of PTFE/PEEK Composite: Effects of PTFE Morphology and Composite Microstructure
Authors: Lo King Him , Qu Shuren , Wang Su Su 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A combined experimental and analytical investigation is conducted to develop a mechanism-based general friction theory for PTFE/PEEK composite. The PTFE/PEEK composites with PTFE and PEEK volume contents ranged from 0% to 100% were fabricated; their microstructure features were examined and recorded; and their friction coefficients were determined by sliding friction experiments. From the observed microstructure features of PTFE/PEEK composite with different PTFE and PEEK volume contents and the well-recognized unique “band” morphology and sliding deformation mechanisms of the semi-crystalline PTFE, associated “apparent” sliding friction behavior is ascribed to the PTFE material in accordance with its volume content in the composite. A mechanism-based general friction theory is developed for PTFE/PEEK composite based on the associated “apparent” friction coefficient of the PTFE phase in composite. The general friction theory is validated through the excellent agreement obtained between the analytical predictions of composite friction coefficients and the comprehensive experimental results obtained from the sliding friction tests conducted in-house with a pin-on-disk tribometer, and also from those (obtained with different types of tribo-testers) reported in the literature.
Connecting artificial intelligence and primary care challenges: findings from a multi stakeholder collaborative consultation
Authors: Kueper Jacqueline K , Terry Amanda , Bahniwal Ravninder , Meredith Leslie , Beleno Ron , Brown Judith Belle , Dang Janet , Leger Daniel , McKay Scott , Pinto Andrew , Ryan Bridget L , Zwarenstein Merrick , Lizotte Daniel J 
Published: January 2022

Despite widespread advancements in and envisioned uses for artificial intelligence (AI), few examples of successfully implemented AI innovations exist in primary care (PC) settings.ObjectivesTo identify priority areas for AI and PC in Ontario, Canada.MethodsA collaborative consultation event engaged multiple stakeholders in a nominal group technique process to generate, discuss and rank ideas for how AI can support Ontario PC.ResultsThe consultation process produced nine ranked priorities: (1) preventative care and risk profiling, (2) patient self-management of condition(s), (3) management and synthesis of information, (4) improved communication between PC and AI stakeholders, (5) data sharing and interoperability, (6-tie) clinical decision support, (6-tie) administrative staff support, (8) practitioner clerical and routine task support and (9) increased mental healthcare capacity and support. Themes emerging from small group discussions about barriers, implementation issues and resources needed to support the priorities included: equity and the digital divide; system capacity and culture; data availability and quality; legal and ethical issues; user-centred design; patient-centredness; and proper evaluation of AI-driven tool implementation.DiscussionFindings provide guidance for future work on AI and PC. There are immediate opportunities to use existing resources to develop and test AI for priority areas at the patient, provider and system level. For larger scale, sustainable innovations, there is a need for longer-term projects that lay foundations around data and interdisciplinary work.ConclusionStudy findings can be used to inform future research and development of AI for PC, and to guide resource planning and allocation.
Inflammation and biologic therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis achieving versus not achieving ACR/EULAR Boolean remission in a treat-to-target study
Authors: Paulshus Sundlisæter Nina , Sundin Ulf , Aga Anna-Birgitte , Sexton Joseph , Hammer Hilde Berner , Uhlig Till , Kvien Tore K , Haavardsholm Espen A , Lillegraven Siri 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate limiting factors of American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/EULAR Boolean remission in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and compare patients who fulfil the criteria to patients who only partly fulfil the criteria, with respect to imaging inflammation and biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) usage.MethodsPatients with DMARD-naïve RA were treated according to current recommendations in the the ARCTIC trial (Aiming for Remission in rheumatoid arthritis: a randomised trial examining the benefit of ultrasound in a Clinical TIght Control regimen). Limiting factors of reaching ACR/EULAR Boolean remission at 2 years were assessed. Imaging inflammation (ultrasound and MRI) in patients in remission was compared with patients failing to fulfil different components of the criteria. The OR of biologic therapy was calculated using logistic regression.ResultsOf 203 patients, 112 (55%) reached ACR/EULAR Boolean remission; 49 (24%) fulfilled three of four criteria. The main limiting factors were patient global assessment (PGA) (59%) and tender joints (22%). Imaging inflammation was not significantly different for patients in remission and patients not fulfilling the criteria due to elevated PGA and/or tender joints, but higher odds of using biologics (OR 3.63, 95% CI 1.73 to 7.61) were observed.ConclusionsPGA and tender joints were the factors most often limiting achievement of ACR/EULAR Boolean remission. The level of imaging inflammation was not elevated in these patients compared with patients in remission, but the odds of using biologic DMARDs were higher.
On Edge-Length Ratios of Partial 2-Trees
Authors: Blažj Václav , Fiala Jiří , Liotta Giuseppe 
Published: January 2022

The edge-length ratio of a planar straight-line drawing of a graph is the maximum ratio between the lengths of any two of its edges. When the edges to be considered in the ratio are required to be adjacent, the ratio is called local edge-length ratio. The (local) edge-length ratio of a graph [Formula: see text] is the infimum over all (local) edge-length ratios in the planar straight-line drawings of [Formula: see text]. We prove that the edge-length ratio of the [Formula: see text]-vertex 2-trees is [Formula: see text], which proves a conjecture by Lazard et al. [TCS 770, 2019, pp. 88–94] and complements an upper bound by Borrazzo and Frati [JoCG 11(1), 2020, pp. 137–155]. We also prove that every partial 2-tree admits a planar straight-line drawing whose local edge-length ratio is at most [Formula: see text] for any arbitrarily small [Formula: see text].