bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rest-Activity Rhythm Is Associated With Obesity Phenotypes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Li Jingen , Vungarala Soumya , Somers Virend K. , Di Junrui , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Covassin Naima 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe prevalence of obesity continues to increase in spite of substantial efforts towards its prevention, posing a major threat to health globally. Circadian disruption has been associated with a wide range of preclinical and clinical disorders, including obesity. However, whether rest-activity rhythm (RAR), an expression of the endogenous circadian rhythm, is associated with excess adiposity is poorly understood. Here we aimed to assess the association of RAR with general and abdominal obesity.MethodsNon-institutionalized adults aged ≥20 years participating in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 who wore accelerometers for at least four 24-hour periods were included (N=7,838). Amplitude, mesor, acrophase and pseudo-F statistic of RAR were estimated using extended cosinor model, and interdaily stability (IS) and intradaily variability (IV) were computed by nonparametric methods. We tested the association between rest-activity rhythm and general obesity defined by body mass index and abdominal obesity by waist circumference. Waist-to-height ratio, sagittal abdominal diameter, and total and trunk fat percentages measured by imaging methods were also analyzed.ResultsIn multivariable analysis, low amplitude (magnitude of the rhythm), mesor (rhythm-corrected average activity level), pseudo-F statistic (robustness of the rhythm), IS (day-to-day rhythm stability), or high IV (rhythm fragmentation) were independently associated with higher likelihood of general or abdominal obesity (all Ps&lt;.05). Consistently, RAR metrics were similarly associated with all adiposity measures (all Ps&lt;.01). Delayed phase of RAR (later acrophase) was only significantly related to general and abdominal obesity in women.ConclusionsAberrant RAR is independently associated with anthropometric and imaging measures of general and abdominal obesity. Longitudinal studies assessing whether RAR metrics can predict weight gain and incident obesity are warranted.
Effect of the Chinese New Year Public Holiday on the Glycemic Control of T1DM With Intensive Insulin Therapy
Authors: Guo Keyu , Ye Jianan , Zhang Liyin , Tian Qi , Fan Li , Ding Zhiyi , Zhou Qin , Li Xia , Zhou Zhiguang , Yang Lin 
Published: June 2022

AimsThere is limited evidence that evaluates the glycemic control of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) during the Chinese New Year public holiday in China. The Chinese New Year public holiday represents various challenges to glycemic control, especially in T1DM patients, in China. We aimed to assess the effect of the Chinese New Year public holiday on several glucose metrics using flash glucose monitoring (FGM) in patients with T1DM.MethodsComplete FGM data for 1 week before, 1 week during and 1 week after the Chinese New Year public holiday were available for 71 T1DM patients treated with multiple daily insulin injection (MDI) therapy (n = 51) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) treatment (n = 20). The mean age of the study participants was 13 (9, 30) years. Of note, 59.2% of the patients (n = 42) were adults, and 40.8% of the patients (n = 29) were minors. The interval between each two adjacent periods was one week. The indicators of mean glucose, glucose variability and time in different glycemic ranges were analyzed.ResultsThe Chinese New Year public holiday was associated with an increase in mean blood glucose (8.2 ± 1.9 vs. 8.9± 2.8; P &lt; 0.001) and time above range (TAR) (26.1% ± 18.1% vs. 31.7% ± 23.9%; P &lt; 0.001) but a decrease in time in range (TIR) (65.7% ± 16.8% vs. 59.9% ± 21.1%; P &lt; 0.001) and coefficient of variation (CV) (38.2% ± 8.2% vs. 36.7% ± 7.7%; P =0.037). There was no statistically significant difference in time below range (TBR). The glycemic control deteriorated during the Chinese New Year public holiday in our study population regardless of age. Interestingly, in the CSII group, none of the metrics of glucose control significantly changed during the Chinese New Year public holiday.ConclusionsThese results suggested that less self-management may worsen glycemic control in the short term, indicating a need for more refined management algorithms during the Chinese New Year public holiday for T1DM patients.
Feasibility Assessment of Bifacial Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems in the State of Gujarat in India
Authors: Desai Alpesh , Mukhopadhyay Indrajit , Ray Abhijit 
Published: June 2022

Bifacial solar photovoltaic (PV) modules are one of the recent interventions in the widespread commercial deployment of solar energy. This study intends to analyze the adoption of bifacial solar panels in rooftop PV systems to enhance energy generation as compared to their mono-facial counterparts. The technical and economic advantages of a typical 5-kW single-phase solar rooftop photovoltaic system using bifacial Si-modules are presented and compared with those using traditional polycrystalline Si (poly c-Si) modules in the urban location of the state of Gujarat in India. This methodology allows one to find optimal performance under the same irradiation and load conditions. As the majority of terraces in this location have a surface of white or gray tiles, which have a high albedo factor, bifacial modules generate more than 10% excess energy as compared to the poly c-Si systems. Although bifacial modules have an initial cost higher than the polycrystalline counterparts, the cost of their balance of system and space is reduced by 2 to 13%, respectively. Analysis shows that a 5kW bifacial technology can generate an excess of 13 MWh as compared to the traditional poly-Si over a period of 25 years. Finally, it is seen that an optimized bifacial system that is tilted between 15 and 20° will reduce the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) by 5.5% as compared to the traditional poly c-Si system.
Soil CO2 Emission Largely Dominates the Total Ecosystem CO2 Emission at Canadian Boreal Forest
Authors: Bhanja Soumendra N. , Wang Junye , Bol Roland 
Published: June 2022

The natural carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from the ecosystem, also termed as the ecosystem respiration (Reco), is the primary natural source of atmospheric CO2. The contemporary models rely on empirical functions to represent decomposition of litter with multiple soil carbon pools decaying at different rates in estimating Reco variations and its partitioning into autotrophic (Ra) (originating from plants) and heterotrophic (originating mostly from microorganisms) respiration (Rh) in relation to variation in temperature and soil water content. Microbially-mediated litter decomposition scheme representation are not very popular yet. However, microbial enzymatic processes play integral role in litter as well as soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition. Here we developed a mechanistic model comprising of multiple hydro-biogeochemical modules in the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) code to explicitly incorporate microbial-enzymatic litter decomposition and decomposition of SOM for separately estimating regional-scale Ra, Rh and Reco. Modeled annual mean Reco values are found varying from 1,600 to 8,200 kg C ha−1 yr−1 in 2000–2013 within the boreal forest covered sub-basins of the Athabasca River Basin (ARB), Canada. While, for the 2000–2013 period, the annual mean Ra, Rh and soil CO2 emission (Rs) are varying within 800–6,000 kg C ha−1 yr−1, 700–4,200 kg C ha−1 yr−1 and 1,200–5,000 kg C ha−1 yr−1, respectively. Rs generally dominates Reco with nearly 60–90% contribution in most of the sub-basins in ARB. The model estimates corroborate well with the site-scale and satellite-based estimates reported at similar land use and climatic regions. Mechanistic modeling of Reco and its components are critical to understanding future climate change feedbacks and to help reduce uncertainties particularly in the boreal and subarctic regions that has huge soil carbon store.
Environmental Impact of Sewage Discharge on Shallow Embayment and Mapping of Microbial Indicators
Authors: Alkhalidi Mohamad A. , Al-Nasser Zahraa H. , Al-Sarawi Hanan A. 
Published: June 2022

Marine pollution in shallow embayments is hazardous to human and marine health. This research investigates the environmental impact of sewage discharge from coastal outfalls on the semi-enclosed-shallow Doha Bay. Such a study highlights the impact of environmental stressors on the health of such bays. Also, the study assesses the spreading of the pollutant relative to the location of the pollution source. The bay is susceptible to sewage discharge as it is featured slow tidal currents leading to increased pollution concentrations within its basin. The concentrations and distributions of microbial water quality indicators (E. coli, fecal coliform, and fecal streptococci) were investigated parallel with physical and chemical water quality parameters. Water samples were collected from the outfalls and within Doha Bay for four months. The results show that the concentrations of discharged Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Organic Carbon (COD), Nitrites (NO2−) and ammonia (NH3) has exceeded Kuwait Environment Public Authority (KEPA) maximum limits, specifically from the outfalls J3 and J4. In addition, the microbiological parameters were significantly breaching KEPA’s guidelines. The maximum fecal coliform concentration was 3.5 × 105, 2.4 × 104, and 5.4 × 103 CFU/100 ml, E. coli concentration was 2.2 × 105, 1.2 × 104, and 2.6 × 103 CFU/100 ml, fecal streptococci concentration was 7.25 × 102, 4.4 × 102, and 44 CFU/100 ml, at outfalls J3, J4, and J5, respectively, indicating high microbial pollution. The fecal coliform near J3 exceeds the allowable limits of KEPA by more than 600 times. Laboratory results were mapped to assess the microbial indicators within the bay. Spatially, the concentration of pollutants varies and correlates proportionally with the locations of the outfalls. The highly affected area is near outfall J3: a shallow, closed area with minimal water circulation and maximum sewage discharge. Offshore locations show lower pollution concentrations, and the pollutant concentrations were highest in January 2019 and February 2019. Continuing to discharge pollutants through coastal outfalls to regions such as Doha Bay will lead to long-term consequences, including eco-social, ecological, and adverse health impacts that are complex to be treated. Therefore, the bay needs an independent, comprehensive, and reliable monitoring program to measure the environmental indicators continuously.
Exploration of Shared Gene Signatures and Molecular Mechanisms Between Periodontitis and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Xu Wanqiu , Zhang Zhengwei , Yao Lihong , Xue Bing , Xi Hualei , Wang Xiumei , Sun Shibo 
Published: June 2022

Background: Periodontitis is associated with periodontal tissue damage and teeth loss. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has an intimate relationship with periodontitis. Nevertheless, interacted mechanisms between them have not been clear. This study was intended for the exploration of shared gene signatures and latent therapeutic targets in periodontitis and NAFLD.Methods: Microarray datasets of periodontitis and NAFLD were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was utilized for the acquisition of modules bound up with NAFLD and periodontitis. We used ClueGO to carry out biological analysis on shared genes to search their latent effects in NAFLD and periodontitis. Another cohort composed of differential gene analysis verified the results. The common microRNAs (miRNAs) in NAFLD and periodontitis were acquired in the light of the Human microRNA Disease Database (HMDD). According to miRTarbase, miRDB, and Targetscan databases, latent target genes of miRNAs were forecasted. Finally, the miRNAs–mRNAs network was designed.Results: Significant modules with periodontitis and NAFLD were obtained via WGCNA. GO enrichment analysis with GlueGo indicated that damaged migration of dendritic cells (DCs) might be a common pathophysiologic feature of NAFLD and periodontitis. In addition, we revealed common genes in NAFLD and periodontitis, including IGK, IGLJ3, IGHM, MME, SELL, ENPP2, VCAN, LCP1, IGHD, FCGR2C, ALOX5AP, IGJ, MMP9, FABP4, IL32, HBB, FMO1, ALPK2, PLA2G7, MNDA, HLA-DRA, and SLC16A7. The results of differential analysis in another cohort were highly accordant with the findings of WGCNA. We established a comorbidity model to explain the underlying mechanism of NAFLD secondary to periodontitis. Finally, the analysis of miRNA pointed out that hsa-mir-125b-5p, hsa-mir-17-5p, and hsa-mir-21-5p might provide potential therapeutic targets.Conclusion: Our study initially established a comorbidity model to explain the underlying mechanism of NAFLD secondary to periodontitis, found that damaged migration of DCs might be a common pathophysiological feature of NAFLD and periodontitis, and provided potential therapeutic targets.
Targeting Aberrantly Elevated Sialyl Lewis A as a Potential Therapy for Impaired Endometrial Selection Ability in Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage
Authors: Ma Zhi , Yang Huixia , Kessler Mirjana , Sperandio Markus , Mahner Sven , Jeschke Udo , von Schönfeldt Viktoria 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCarbohydrate Lewis antigens including sialyl Lewis A (sLeA), sialyl Lewis X (sLeX), Lewis X (LeX), and Lewis Y (LeY) are the commonest cell surface glycoconjugates that play pivotal roles in multiple biological processes, including cell adhesion and cell communication events during embryogenesis. SLeX, LeY, and associated glycosyltransferases ST3GAL3 and FUT4 have been reported to be involved in human embryo implantation. While the expression pattern of Lewis antigens in the decidua of unexplained recurrent miscarriage (uRM) patients remains unclear.MethodsParaffin-embedded placental tissue slides collected from patients experiencing early miscarriages (6–12 weeks) were analyzed using immunohistochemical (IHC) and immunofluorescent (IF) staining. An in vitro assay was developed using endometrial cell line RL95-2 and trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo. Modulatory effect of potential glycosyltransferase on Lewis antigens expression was investigated by target-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown in RL95-2 cells. HTR-8/SVneo cells spheroids adhesion assay was applied to investigate the intrinsic role of Lewis antigens in the abnormal implantation process of uRM. The expression of Lewis antigens in RL95-2 cells in response to the treatment with pro-implantation cytokine IL-1β was further measured by flow cytometry and immunocytochemical (ICC) staining.ResultsIHC staining revealed that Lewis antigens are mainly expressed in the luminal and glandular epithelium, IF staining further indicated the cellular localization at the apical membrane of the epithelial cells. FUTs, ST3GALs, and NEU1 located in both stromal and epithelial cells. We have found that the expression of sLeA, LeX, FUT3/4, and ST3GAL3/4 are significantly upregulated in the RM group, while FUT1 is downregulated. SLeX, LeY, ST3GAL6, and NEU1 showed no significant differences between groups. FUT3 knockdown in RL95-2 cells significantly decreased the expression of sLeA and the spheroids adhesion to endometrial monolayer. Anti-sLeA antibody can remarkably suppress both the basal and IL-1β induced adhesion of HTR-8/SVneo spheroids to RL95-2 cells monolayer. While further flow cytometry and ICC detection indicated that the treatment of RL95-2 cells with IL-1β significantly increases the surface expression of LeX, but not sLeA.ConclusionsSLeA, LeX, and pertinent glycosyltransferase genes FUT1/3/4 and ST3GAL3/4 are notably dysregulated in the decidua of uRM patients. FUT3 accounts for the synthesis of sLeA in RL95-2 cells and affects the endometrial receptivity. Targeting aberrantly elevated sLeA may be a potential therapy for the inappropriate implantation in uRM.
Sex Dimorphism of Allergen-Induced Secreted Proteins in Murine and Human Lungs
Authors: Hemshekhar Mahadevappa , Mostafa Dina H. D. , Spicer Victor , Piyadasa Hadeesha , Maestre-Batlle Danay , Bolling Anette K. , Halayko Andrew J. , Carlsten Christopher , Mookherjee Neeloffer 
Published: June 2022

Biological sex influences disease severity, prevalence and response to therapy in allergic asthma. However, allergen-mediated sex-specific changes in lung protein biomarkers remain undefined. Here, we report sex-related differences in specific proteins secreted in the lungs of both mice and humans, in response to inhaled allergens. Female and male BALB/c mice (7-8 weeks) were intranasally challenged with the allergen house dust mite (HDM) for 2 weeks. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected 24 hour after the last HDM challenge from allergen-naïve and HDM-challenged mice (N=10 per group, each sex). In a human study, adult participants were exposed to nebulized (2 min) allergens (based on individual sensitivity), BALF was obtained after 24 hour (N=5 each female and male). The BALF samples were examined in immunoblots for the abundance of 10 proteins shown to increase in response to allergen in both murine and human BALF, selected from proteomics studies. We showed significant sex-bias in allergen-driven increase in five out of the 10 selected proteins. Of these, increase in eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) was significantly higher in females compared to males, in both mice and human BALF. We also showed specific sex-related differences between murine and human samples. For example, allergen-driven increase in S100A8 and S100A9 was significantly higher in BALF of females compared to males in mice, but significantly higher in males compared to females in humans. Overall, this study provides sex-specific protein biomarkers that are enhanced in response to allergen in murine and human lungs, informing and motivating translational research in allergic asthma.
Crosstalk of RNA Adenosine Modification-Related Subtypes, Establishment of a Prognostic Model, and Immune Infiltration Characteristics in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Ni Xiaoge , Chen Can , Cui Guoliang , Ding Wei , Liu Jinhui 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundFour RNA adenosine modifications, including m6A, m1A, alternative polyadenylation, and adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing, have been identified as potentially valuable in influencing colorectal carcinogenesis, immune infiltration, and response to drug therapy. However, the regulatory mechanisms and clinical significance of these four RNA modifications in ovarian cancer (OC) remain unknown.MethodsWe comprehensively described the transcriptional and genetic modifications of 26 RNA modification “writers” in OC and assessed the expression patterns. We identified two RNA modification subtypes using an unsupervised clustering approach. Subsequently, using differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both subtypes, we calculated RNA modification “writer” scores (RMW scores) to characterize the RNA modifications of single OC patients. RMW score-related gene expression was investigated by qRT-PCR. We explored the correlation between RMW score and clinical features, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity. We drew a nomogram to more intuitively and accurately describe the application value of the RMW score.ResultsWe found that molecular alterations in “writers” are strongly related to prognostic and immune-infiltrating features in OC patients. We identified two different clusters of RNA modifications. According to the immune infiltration characteristics in the two RNA modification isoforms, cluster A and cluster B can correspond to “hot” and “cold” tumors, respectively. With the median RMW score, we classified the patients into high- and low-score subgroups. A low RMW score was associated with good patient prognosis and lower immune infiltration. In addition, a low RMW score equated with a higher cancer stem cell index and a lower tumor mutation burden, which to some extent affected the sensitivity of patients to therapeutic drugs. Seven RMW score-related gene expressions were investigated by qRT-PCR in three OC cell lines. Compared to previously known models, our established RMW score has higher accuracy in predicting patient survival.ConclusionA comprehensive analysis of four RNA modification patterns in OC reveals their potential value in OC prognosis, immune microenvironment, and drug sensitivity. These results could deepen our knowledge of RNA modification and yield fresh insights for new personalized therapeutic strategies.
Identification of Hub Genes and Therapeutic Agents for IgA Nephropathy Through Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation
Authors: Xia Ming , Liu Di , Liu Haiyang , Peng Liang , Yang Danyi , Tang Chengyuan , Chen Guochun , Liu Yu , Liu Hong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundIgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease and the leading cause of the end-stage renal disease in the world. The pathogenesis of IgAN has not been well elucidated, and yet treatment is limited. High-throughput microarray has been applied for elucidating molecular biomarkers and potential mechanisms involved in IgAN. This study aimed to identify the potential key genes and therapeutics associated with IgAN using integrative bioinformatics and transcriptome-based computational drug repurposing approach.MethodsThree datasets of mRNA expression profile were obtained from the gene expression omnibus database and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IgAN glomeruli and normal tissue were identified by integrated analysis. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed by R software, and protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using the STRING online search tool. External dataset and immunohistochemical assessment of kidney biopsy specimens were used for hub gene validation. Potential compounds for IgAN therapy were obtained by Connectivity Map (CMap) analysis and preliminarily verified in vitro. Stimulated human mesangial cells were collected for cell proliferation and cell cycle analysis using cell counting kit 8 and flow cytometry, respectively.Results134 DEGs genes were differentially expressed across kidney transcriptomic data from IgAN patients and healthy living donors. Enrichment analysis showed that the glomerular compartments underwent a wide range of interesting pathological changes during kidney injury, focused on anion transmembrane transporter activity and protein digestion and absorption mostly. Hub genes (ITGB2, FCER1G, CSF1R) were identified and verified to be significantly upregulated in IgAN patients, and associated with severity of renal lesions. Computational drug repurposing with the CMap identified tetrandrine as a candidate treatment to reverse IgAN hub gene expression. Tetrandrine administration significantly reversed mesangial cell proliferation and cell cycle transition.ConclusionThe identification of DEGs and related therapeutic strategies of IgAN through this integrated bioinformatics analysis provides a valuable resource of therapeutic targets and agents of IgAN. Especially, our findings suggest that tetrandrine might be beneficial for IgAN, which deserves future research.