bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rates of growth during and after nutritional rehabilitation and liver fat in adult survivors of severe acute malnutrition
Authors: Thompson Debbie , McKenzie Kimberley , Badaloo Asha , Taylor-Bryan Carolyn , Tennant Ingrid , Soares Deanne , Forrester Terrence , Boyne Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundNutritional rehabilitation during severe malnutrition (SM) aims to quickly restore a healthy body weight, but rapid weight gain has been associated with later cardiovascular risk. We hypothesized that faster weight gain during SM rehabilitation and post-hospitalization is associated with liver fat in adult survivors.MethodAdult survivors of childhood SM underwent abdominal CT scan to estimate liver fat as mean liver attenuation (MLA) and liver spleen ratio (L/S). Birth weight (BW) and anthropometry measured during, and post-hospitalization were abstracted from admission records.ResultsWe studied 42 marasmus survivors (Ms) and 40 kwashiorkor survivors (Ks). Ms had a lower mean BW (SD) 2.5 (0.8) vs 3.0 (0.7) kg; p=0.01) and were more wasted (p<0.001) and stunted (p=0.03) than Ks on admission to hospital. Ms and Ks had similar rates of rehabilitation weight gain, which was inversely associated with MLA among all survivors of SM (r=-0.246, p=0.029), but only in Ms when assessed by diagnosis (r= -0.449, p=0.004). The association between rehabilitation weight gain and adult liver fat in Ms was not altered by BW, admission wasting or stunting. In Ks, post-hospitalization height gain was inversely associated with MLA (difference = -0.64, 95%CI: -0.64 to -0.13; p=0.006).ConclusionsFaster rehabilitation weight gain is associated with liver fat in adult survivors of childhood severe malnutrition. The finding that birth weight did not influence these outcomes may reflect the timing of the nutritional insult in utero. Target weight gain during nutritional rehabilitation may need to be lowered to optimize long-term outcomes in these children.
Substance residue analysis as an alternative to drug checking? Traces from drug paraphernalia as a source for laboratory analysis
Authors: Kaskela Teemu , Järvelin Ronja , Nahkuri Janne , Gunnar Teemu , Kankaanpää Aino , Pelander Anna , Kajos Miina 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Drug checking is a popular method to reduce risks of drug use. In many countries, including Finland, legislation restricts implementing drug checking. The aim of this study was to explore whether some benefits of drug checking could be achieved by substance residue analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
Drug paraphernalia (mostly empty plastic bags) were used in the study. Participants left a sample and information about the former content to a local needle exchange point. After laboratory analysis, participants could return for the results and a short consultation on the substance(s) found. Afterward, participants were asked whether they would still use the batch.

Findings
Ninety-eight samples were received. In most cases, the samples had originally been sold as amphetamine (n = 39). Overall, laboratory results matched with supposed content in 52 cases, but in 21 cases, the sold content had been altered, in 17 cases, only other psychoactive substances were found and in 8 cases, no traces of psychoactive substances were found. Participants returned for results in two-thirds of the cases. When the laboratory result did not match participants’ expectations, the majority of participants estimated they would not use the same batch (17/25) or would use it in a different way (2/25).

Originality/value
While reports on drug checking are numerous, studies exploring possibilities to achieve harm-reducing benefits of drug checking by analyzing drug residues are scarce. The results of this pilot study suggest some benefits of drug checking can be achieved by substance residue analysis.
Creating workflow for mediated archiving in CoRSAL
Authors: Dale Merrion 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Language archiving is achieved through the detailed assessment and assemblage of various types of language data. The Computational Resource for South Asian Languages (CoRSAL) is an emerging language archive that prioritizes the accommodation of depositors who have a variety of needs with respect to both research and infrastructure. As such, the CoRSAL team uses a workflow approach that caters to this diversity. The purpose of this paper is to detail the mediated workflow for collection ingest and promotion, citing two specific examples from recently published language collections, as well as discuss specific feedback the team has received from individual depositors and language community members on the effectiveness and usefulness of these efforts thus far.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper provides an exploration of the author’s approaches to a mediated archiving workflow.

Findings
The author discusses the encouraging and constructive feedback the team has received so far and includes instances of specific communication with individuals who have recently deposited and published collections with them.

Originality/value
This is the first research paper published by anyone on our team describing our workflow. It is an expansion of a shorter conference paper presented at the LangArc 2021: 1st International Workshop on Digital Language Archives on September 30, 2021 and published in the conference proceedings
Boards and social media: the institutionalization of corporate social media policy
Authors: Porter Shawna , Hunter Trevor 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe authors' work examines whether coercive forces in the general regulatory environment lead to similarity in social media policy across industries and if memetic forces of industry-specific values and norms lead to greater similarity of social media policy within industries.Design/methodology/approachCorporate social media policies were analyzed using a convergent parallel mixed method design to assess and identify themes and similarities. Using an institutional theory lens, this paper examines whether coercive forces in the general regulatory environment lead to similarities in social media policies across industries, and if mimetic forces from industry-specific norms lead to greater similarity of social media policies within industries. Findings suggest that industry-specific, institutional field-level mimetic forces have a greater effect on social media policy isomorphism than environmental-level coercive forces. This study represents the first assessment of corporate social media policies across organizations and industries.FindingsFindings suggest that industry-specific, institutional field-level mimetic forces have a greater effect on social media policy isomorphism than environmental-level coercive forces.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations related to sampling were primarily related to policy collection. To deal with these limitations, the sample was planned to allow for the inclusion of both randomly selected North American companies from the Fortune 500 list and another random selection of 35 companies from within a convenience sample of 100 North American firms who had a publicly available social media policy online.Practical implicationsThe authors' research speaks to management, directors and researchers who work with policy, governance or risk management as the authors demonstrate the effect regulatory and normative institutions have on social media policies: stakeholders within and without given industries are forcing firms to develop legitimacy-providing social media policies by penalizing those that do not. The authors' findings demonstrate that firms respond to the 21st Century potential corporate risk of unsanctioned social media communications by developing corporate social media policies with similar themes. By identifying the themes common in corporate social media policies, the authors have identified best practices constituting a risk mitigation tool for boards.Originality/valueThe authors' approach is innovative in focus and approach. First, using an institutional theory lens, the authors assess the influence of regulatory and memetic forces on social media policies as a formal structure within an institutional field. Second, the authors' approach includes the first major assessment of North American social media policies across a wide array of organizations and industries, adding to understanding about approaches currently used to manage increased social media use in the workplace.
Toward a new beginning: exploring the instructional dynamics of expansive learning with workers in a youth supported housing unit
Authors: Prokopis Dimitrios , Sannino Annalisa , Mykkänen Arttu 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis study aims at presenting an analysis of a Change Laboratory conducted with the personnel of a youth supported housing unit for clients with a history or at risk of homelessness. The analysis is centered on how the workers’ expansive learning process was supported ensuring that they would be in the lead of their workplace transformation process.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected in six Change Laboratory sessions facilitated by interventionist-researchers and were analyzed with a specific method of discourse analysis devised for tracing expansive learning at work, the method of analysis of expansive learning actions and deviation from instructional intentions. The purpose of this method of analysis is to present in a detailed and structured manner how workplace expansive learning unfolds.FindingsThe results of the analysis indicate that the contribution of the practitioners participating in this Change Laboratory was such that the undertaken transformation resulting from the expansive learning process was actually owned by them. These results contribute to ongoing discussions on workplace expansive learning, which question the extent to which the Change Laboratory is truly a participatory intervention method in which the participating practitioners’ agency becomes visible without the interventionists necessarily dominating.Originality/valueThis study addresses existing gaps in the literature on workplace expansive learning, by opening up a novel perspective for detailed empirical enquiries that demonstrate the role workers may play in supported expansive learning processes and ensuing transformations of their workplaces.
Pandemic priorities: the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on ethical leadership in the healthcare profession
Authors: Musbahi Aya , McCulla Alex , Ramsingh Jason 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The COVID 19 pandemic has brought into sharp focus the importance of leadership and the ethics of health-care leadership. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of COVID 19 on ethical leadership principles using a validated quantitative survey of NHS leaders to compare pre- and post-pandemic ethical leadership principles.

Design/methodology/approach
This study involved a quantitative survey of NHS “leaders”. Inclusion criteria included consultants and registrars leading clinical teams, or NHS managers, senior nurses and matrons. The survey was designed as a modification of the Ethical Leadership Questionnaire proposed by Langlois et al. (2013). A modification was made to ask questions from the questionnaire pertaining to before the pandemic and presently. This allowed a comparison of responses and measures of ethical leadership qualities before and after the pandemic. Twenty-three questions were on attitudes pre-pandemic, and 23 were post-pandemic.

Findings
A total of 79 responses were received. Responses were divided for analysis into those related to an ethics of care dimension, those related to ethics of justice and those related to the ethics of critique. This study has found significant changes in attitudes of health-care leaders with regards to the ethics of critique. Leaders were more likely post-pandemic to speak out against injustice and unfair practices. Leaders were also more concerned with matters of human dignity as well as understanding how some groups may be privileged. Other ethical principles showed no statistical difference.

Originality/value
This paper highlights the changes the COVID-19 pandemic has had on leaders’ attitudes to ethics.
What’s trending: technology in “left behind” libraries
Authors: Oyelude Adetoun A. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to present an overview of technology in libraries that have been “left behind”, that is, libraries that are not technology compliant in terms of providing services with the latest digital tools.

Design/methodology/approach
Systematic literature review on libraries that are “left behind” in technology was done and the data gathered presented, of the latest trends in such libraries and their progress or regression.

Findings
Public and university libraries are mostly left behind depending on the environment and the prevailing circumstances in the environment. The COVID-19 pandemic, unrest and war situations have affected technology use in libraries and created different left behind scenarios in libraries. Recommendation is made for libraries, librarians and information specialists to remain dynamic and versatile to cope in the institutions where they work.

Originality/value
“Left behind” libraries are always trying to catch up, and therefore more attention ought to be paid to them, especially in the digital era of constant emerging technologies.
Effects of indium composition on the surface morphological and optical properties of InGaN/GaN heterostructures
Authors: Hamzah Nur Atiqah , Md Sahar Mohd Ann Amirul Zulffiqal , Tan Aik Kwan , Ahmad Mohd Anas , Abdul Malik Muhammad Fadhirul Izwan , Loo Chin Chyi , Chang Wei Sea , Ng Sha Shiong 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the effects of indium composition on surface morphology and optical properties of indium gallium nitride on gallium nitride (InGaN/GaN) heterostructures.

Design/methodology/approach
The InGaN/GaN heterostructures were grown on flat sapphire substrates using a metal-organic chemical vapour deposition reactor with a trimethylindium flow rate of 368  sccm. The indium composition of the InGaN epilayers was controlled by applying different substrate temperatures. The surface morphology and topography were observed using field emission scanning electron microscope (F.E.I. Nova NanoSEM 450) and atomic force microscopy (Bruker Dimension Edge) with a scanning area of 10 µm × 10 µm, respectively. The compositional analysis was done by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis. Finally, the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer (Agilent Technology Cary Series UV-Vis-near-infrared spectrometer) was measured from 200 nm to 1500 nm to investigate the optical properties of the samples.

Findings
The InGaN/GaN thin films have been successfully grown at three different substrate temperatures. The indium composition reduced as the temperature increased. At 760 C, the highest indium composition was obtained, 21.17%. This result was acquired from the simulation fitting of ω−2θ scan on (0002) plane using LEPTOS software by Bruker D8 Discover. The InGaN/GaN shows significantly different surface morphologies and topographies as the indium composition increases. The thickness of InGaN epilayers of the structure was ∼300 nm estimated from the field emission scanning electron microscopy. The energy bandgap of the InGaN was 2.54 eV – 2.79 eV measured by UV-Vis measurements.

Originality/value
It can be seen from this work that changes in substrate temperature can affect the indium composition. From all the results obtained, this work can be helpful towards efficiency improvement in solar cell applications.
Distance to hedgerows drives local repulsion and attraction of wind turbines on bats: Implications for spatial siting
Authors: Leroux Camille , Kerbiriou Christian , Le Viol Isabelle , Valet Nicolas , Barré Kévin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

The exponential development of wind energy raises concerns regarding its impacts on airborne biodiversity. Evidence of wind turbine attraction and repulsion on bats, and underlying collision risks and habitats losses, are increasingly reported. Since bat activity strongly decreases with distance to optimal habitats such as woody edges, we hypothesize that the distance to these habitats could drive attraction and repulsion in the immediate vicinity of wind turbine. Although several studies have demonstrated wind turbine attraction and repulsion on bats separately, none have so far investigated the co‐existence of both in the same landscape context and evaluated the underlying safe siting distance of wind turbines to bat habitats.

We assessed how wind turbines alter bat activity in their immediate vicinity when located at different distances from hedgerows. We acoustically quantified bat activity for two guilds (short‐and long‐range echolocators) and two species/species group (Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Pipistrellus kuhlii/nathusii from the mid‐range echolocators guild) in open areas from 10 to 283 m from hedgerows using a paired sampling design (i.e. recordings conducted simultaneously in areas with and without wind turbines). Sixty‐five pairs were sampled over 23 nights during the migration period (i.e. from late summer to late fall) in France.

Overall, in the absence of wind turbine, we found that bat activity decreased with increasing distance to hedgerows for all guilds, as widely reported in the literature. Yet, this pattern was no longer observed under wind turbine.

When looking at specific distances to hedgerows, we found the activity of all bat groups and species (except for Pipistrellus kuhlii/nathusii) near hedgerows (10–43 m) to be drastically lower under wind turbines than without wind turbine. In contrast, the activity of short‐range echolocators was higher under wind turbines when located at 43–100 m from hedgerows, and it tended to be higher for long‐range echolocators. Lastly, no effect was detected under wind turbines located at 100–283 m from hedgerows for any guild.

Synthesis and applications. This study provides empirical evidence that wind turbines close to optimal habitats such as hedgerows strongly repel bats, while wind turbines located farther away in open areas could attract them. Increased risks of collisions and habitat losses near edges strengthen the importance of keeping wind turbines at a sufficient distance from woody edges (e.g. 200 m as recommended by EUROBATS guidelines).
Outcomes of patients with different lepidic percentage and tumor size of stage I lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Chia , Wang Lei‐Chi , Chen Hui‐Shan , Yeh Yi‐Chen , Hsu Po‐Kuei , Huang Chien‐Sheng , Hsieh Chih‐Cheng , Hsu Han‐Shui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the long‐term outcomes after surgical resection for stage I lung adenocarcinoma based on the percentage of lepidic component (LC) and invasive tumor size (IS).MethodsThe clinicopathological characteristics of 1049 patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Tumors were categorized into groups: A (LC ≥ 50%) and B (LC < 50%). Groups A0 and A1 consisted of minimally invasive adenocarcinomas (MIA) and other lepidic‐predominant invasive adenocarcinomas, respectively. Group B was categorized into B1 (IS ≤ 1 cm), B2 (1 < IS≤2 cm), and B3 (2 < IS≤3 cm) by invasive tumor size and divided into subgroups (B1[lep+]/[lep−], B2[lep+]/[lep−], and B3[lep+]/[lep−]) according to the presence[lep+] or absence[lep−] of LCs. Cumulative incidence of recurrence (CIR) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) were examined.ResultsLC decreased with increasing IS. Only 24 (8.5%) tumors in group A had an IS >1 cm. 10‐year CIR and CSS were 15.2% and 86.0%. LC and IS were found to be independent predictors of CSS. Patients in group A had 1.4% 10‐year CIR and 100% 10‐year CSS. In group B, a significantly higher CIR and worse CSS were observed as IS increased (p < 0.001), but LC was not a predictor for CSS (p = 0.593). No significant differences in CIR or CSS were found in presence of LC or not when LC < 50% (B1[lep+]/[lep−], B2[lep+]/[lep−], and B3[lep+]/[lep−]: p = 0.36/0.48, p = 0.82/0.94, and p = 0.90/0.37, respectively).ConclusionsLC≥50% tumors demonstrated excellent prognosis regardless of IS. The outcomes of LC < 50% tumors were well predicted by IS, corresponding to the T‐staging system. The predictive value of LC for prognosis became insignificant.
Who gets the ventilator? A multicentre survey of intensivists' opinions of triage during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Fjølner Jesper , Haaland Øystein Ariandsen , Jung Christian , de Lange Dylan W. , Szczeklik Wojciech , Leaver Susannah , Guidet Bertrand , Sviri Sigal , Van Heerden Peter Vernon , Beil Michael , Hartog Christiane S. , Flaatten Hans 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has caused a shortage of intensive care resources. Intensivists' opinion of triage and ventilator allocation during the COVID‐19 pandemic is not well described.MethodsThis was a survey concerning patient numbers, bed capacity, triage guidelines, and three virtual cases involving ventilator allocations. Physicians from 400 ICUs in a research network were invited to participate. Preferences were assessed with a five‐point Likert scale. Additionally, age, gender, work experience, geography, and religion were recorded.ResultsOf 437 responders 31% were female. The mean age was 44.4 (SD 11.1) with a mean ICU experience of 13.7 (SD 10.5) years. Respondents were mostly European (88%). Sixty‐six percent had triage guidelines available. Younger patients and caretakers of children were favoured for ventilator allocation although this was less clear if this involved withdrawal of the ventilator from another patient. Decisions did not differ with ICU experience, gender, religion, or guideline availability. Consultation of colleagues or an ethical committee decreased with age and male gender.ConclusionIntensivists appeared to prioritise younger patients for ventilator allocation. The tendency to consult colleagues about triage decreased with age and male gender. Many found such tasks to be not purely medical and that authorities should assume responsibility for triage during resource scarcity.
Comparative assessment of multiple‐tract vs single‐tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Savko Olga , Kurosch Martin , Rothe Nina , Dotzauer Robert , Haferkamp Axel , Mager Rene 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate the efficacy and safety of multi‐tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) against the benchmark of the single‐tract approach.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 391 consecutive PNL procedures was conducted in our tertiary referral center between April 2016 and March 2020. Clinical outcome parameters such as stone‐free rate, operation time, postoperative complications according to Clavien–Dindo, length of hospital stay and time to ipsilateral recurrence resulting in active treatment were assessed.ResultsMulti‐tract PNL and single‐tract PNL were performed in 37 (9%) and 354 (91%) cases respectively. At baseline, compared to single‐tract PNL, multi‐tract PNL cases were characterized by significantly larger stone burden (2.62 vs 0.97 cm3, P < .00), lower Hounsfield units (HU) (751 vs 1017 HU, P < .01), a more complex S.T.O.N.E. (size, tract length, obstruction, number of calyces, essence) score (P < .00) and a higher rate of high‐risk stone formers (59 vs 19%, P < .00). Analysis of outcome revealed shorter operation time and length of hospital stay for single‐tract PNL compared to multi‐tract PNL (P < .01). However, the difference in terms of stone‐free rates (92% vs 88%), complication rates (43% vs 28%) and time to active retreatment due to ipsilateral recurrence was not statistically significant (P > .05).ConclusionIn this retrospective single‐center analysis, a multi‐tract PNL has been proved to be an efficient and safe expansion of single‐tract PNL for large stone burden and complex kidney stone disease. Future prospective research should focus on the procedure's potential effectiveness in reducing the number of interventions until stone‐free status in patients with massive stone disease.