bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Thrombospondin-2 Levels Are Closely Associated With the Severity of Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Wu Xuerui , Cheung Cynthia Kwan Yui , Ye Dewei , Chakrabarti Subrata , Mahajan Hema , Yan Sen , Song Erfei , Yang Wah , Lee Chi Ho , Lam Karen Siu Ling , Wang Cunchuan , Xu Aimin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Context
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of obesity-related metabolic syndrome (MetS). Noninvasive biomarkers for monitoring the progression and severity of these metabolic comorbidities are needed.

Objectives
To investigate the associations of serum thrombospondin-2 (TSP2) with MetS and MAFLD severity, and the potential diagnostic value of serum TSP2 for identifying at-risk metabolic associated steatohepatitis (MASH).

Methods
Blood samples, clinical data, and liver biopsies were collected from consecutively recruited 252 individuals with morbid obesity receiving bariatric surgery. Histopathology samples of liver biopsies were examined in a blinded fashion by 3 independent pathologists. Serum TSP2 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
Serum TSP2 levels were significantly elevated in MetS (1.58 [1.07-2.20] ng/mL) compared with non-MetS (1.28 [0.84-1.73] ng/mL; P = .006) in obese patients and positively correlated with increasing number of the MetS components, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, fasting insulin, C-peptide, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance after adjustment of conventional confounders. Serum TSP2 levels differentiated MASH (1.74 [1.32-3.09] ng/mL) from the other non-MASH less severe groups: normal liver (1.41 [1.04-1.63] ng/mL), simple steatosis (1.45 [0.89-1.92] ng/mL), and borderline MASH (1.30 [0.99-2.17] ng/mL) (P &lt; .05). Elevated serum TSP2 was positively associated with the severity of hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and abnormal liver function independent of age, sex and adiposity. Furthermore, high serum TSP2 identified at-risk MASH with area under the operating curve of 0.84 (95% CI 0.70-0.98).

Conclusion
Serum TSP2 is closely associated with severity and progression of MetS and MAFLD, and is a promising noninvasive biomarker for differentiating MASH from benign steatosis and identifying at-risk MASH patients among individuals with obesity.
Ο ρόλος του Διευθυντή-Ηγέτη στο σύγχρονο εκπαιδευτικό περιβάλλον.
Authors: ΤΕΝΤΖΕΡΗΣ ΕΜΜΑΝΟΥΗΛ , ΤΑΓΚΑΛΟΥ ΑΓΓΕΛΙΚΗ , ΣΤΑΥΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΣ 
Published: May 2022

Οι σύγχρονες τάσεις της μετανεωτερικής περιόδου που διέπουν τη σχολική πραγματικότητα, καθιστούν το ρόλο του διευθυντή/ηγέτη περισσότερο περίπλοκο και απαιτητικό. Ο ρόλος του Διευθυντή/Ηγέτη στο σύγχρονο εκπαιδευτικό περιβάλλον, προσεγγίζεται μέσα από σύγχρονες θεωρίες της σχολικής ηγεσίας που αφορούν στη βιώσιμη ηγεσία (sustainable leadership), την ηγεσία προσανατολισμένη σε αρχές και ηθικές αξίες (moral leadership) και τη δημοκρατική ηγεσία (democratic leadership). Ο σύγχρονος διευθυντής/ηγέτης είναι εκείνος που επιδίδεται σε συνεχή κριτικό αναστοχασμό και διαλεκτική σε θέματα που αφορούν αξίες, αρχές και προσανατολισμούς του σχολείου και του ευρύτερου κοινωνικού πλαισίου, προκειμένου να δομήσει μια «προσωπική θεωρία» στην οποία θα βασίσει και θα μεταλαμπαδεύσει το όραμα και την αποστολή του σχολείου στο οποίο ηγείται. Εξέχουσα θέση στην υλοποίηση αυτού του οράματος και της αποστολής έχει το σχολείο της γειτονιάς, προκειμένου οι αλλαγές και οι καινοτομίες να συμβάλλουν στη βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη και αποτελεσματικότητά του.
New records of the kodkod (Leopardus guigna tigrillo) and the Pampas cat (Leopardus colocola) in Valparaíso region, Chile
Authors: Guzmán Marín Byron Cristian , Hernández-Hernández Julio C. , Olmos de Aguilera-Díaz Natividad 
Published: May 2022

La güiña, Leopardus guigna tigrillo y el gato colocolo, Leopardus colocola son dos de las especies de felinos silvestres más escurridizas y crípticas de la región Neotropical. Los pocos estudios existentes para ambas especies sugieren que su distribución está restringida casi en su totalidad a grandes extensiones de bosque nativo. A ambas especies se les cataloga dentro de alguna categoría de riesgo de extinción. Como parte de los proyectos de ciencia ciudadana se obtuvieron nuevos registros de la güiña y del gato colocolo en la zona central de Chile. Además, para corroborar estos reportes se consultaron los registros previos de ambas especies en la literatura disponible y bases de datos. El sitio donde fue avistada la güiña es una zona urbana y de playa, con pequeñas franjas de matorral, bosque nativo secundario y plantaciones forestales. Los registros del gato colocolo se presentaron en carreteras, poniendo en riesgo su integridad. Los registros de ambas especies se presentaron en sitios con ciertas amenazas, en donde es posible que debido a la fragmentación de sus hábitats se vean obligados a desplazarse a buscar recursos alimenticios en donde antes no lo hacían. Asimismo, resaltamos la importancia de los fragmentos de vegetación como corredores biológicos para estas y otras especies en la región, que requieren de grandes áreas de hábitat continuo, por lo que es necesario priorizar la conservación de estos sitios en la región. Es indispensable realizar más investigaciones en la región con el fin de conocer las amenazas y la densidad poblacional de ambas especies.
Managing allergic rhinitis in children and young people
Authors: Marsh Viv 
Published: May 2022

Allergic rhinitis affects many children and young people in the UK causing significant symptoms and a reduction in quality of life. Viv Marsh looks at the role the practice nurse can play in the effective management of this condition Allergic rhinitis is a common disease in children and young people that places considerable burden on the lives of children and their families. Allergic rhinitis is strongly linked with asthma in children and young people. Practice nurses are ideally placed to help children to gain control of and manage their symptoms. Effective management combines both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches.
Feasibility of adopting Minimum Education Standards for general practice nursing
Authors: de Silva Debra , Crossman Sue , Rogers Gill 
Published: May 2022

Education for general practice nurses varies by provider. Sue Crossman et al look at the feasibility of using minimum standards to determine whether courses are fit for purpose Courses that prepare nurses to work in general practice vary widely in quality, content and appropriateness. In 2021, nurses, employers, education providers and commissioners in London tested whether it would be feasible to use co-developed ‘minimum standards’ to check whether education for general practice nurses is fit for purpose. We interviewed and surveyed 30 stakeholders who took part in facilitated discussions to compare five courses against the standards. The simple standards helped nurses, employers and commissioners make decisions about which courses to select and encouraged providers to tailor their programmes to better meet the needs of general practice. The standards can be applied during annual course reviews to consider whether courses cover all the key competencies general practice nurses need to provide the best patient care and take their place at the heart of primary care.
Beyond the medical encounter: can the free association narrative interview method extend psychosocial understandings of non-epileptic attack disorder?
Authors: Peacock Marian , Dickson Jon M. , Bissell Paul , Grunewald Richard , Reuber Markus 
Published: May 2022

This exploratory interdisciplinary study was devised to explore how using the free association narrative interview (FANI) method might extend understanding of non-epileptic attack disorder (NEAD) within a psychosocial framework. NEAD is the medical definition of what can be described as embodied events that resemble epilepsy, but which are not associated with the abnormal electrical discharges in the brain found in epilepsy. They are the most frequent ‘functional’ disorder or medically unexplained symptom (MUS) seen by neurologists.
While NEAD is associated with trauma, distress and negative life events, a significant minority of patients report no trauma history. The FANI method, we argue, produced narratives which shed light on events that patients have not acknowledged as traumatic, but which might be considered as such, and we explore what aspects of the method may facilitate this process. Previous work has highlighted that a diagnosis of NEAD is often experienced as deeply troubling and contentious to both give and to receive. We thus reflect on the need for patients to feel a sense of legitimacy and how the challenges of living with a NEAD diagnosis are negotiated.
Drawing on the work of Benjamin (2004) on ‘thirdness’, we suggest that the FANI method can allow the research interview to become a space that facilitates novel ways of engaging around NEAD. We conclude that the method may be a powerful tool for studying NEAD, and that further studies should be undertaken using this approach since it may have broader utility in understanding the landscape of functional neurological disorders.
Data quality and response distributions in a mixed-mode survey
Authors: Ofstedal Mary Beth , Kézdi Gábor , Couper Mick P. 
Published: May 2022

Longitudinal surveys traditionally conducted by interviewers are facing increasing pressures to explore alternatives such as sequential mixed-mode designs, which start with a cheaper self-administered mode (online) then follow up using more expensive methods such as telephone or face-to-face interviewing. Using a designed experiment conducted as part of the 2018 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in the US, we compare a sequential mixed-mode design (web then telephone) with the standard telephone-only protocol. Using an intent-to-treat analysis, we focus on response quality and response distributions for several domains key to HRS: physical and psychological health, financial status, expectations and family composition.
Respondents assigned to the sequential mixed-mode (web) had slightly higher missing data rates and more focal responses than those assigned to telephone-only. However, we find no evidence of differential quality in verifying and updating roster information. We find slightly lower rates of asset ownership reported by those assigned to the web mode. Conditional on ownership, we find no detectable mode effects on the value of assets. We find more negative (pessimistic) expectations for those assigned to the web mode. We find little evidence of poorer health reported by those assigned to the web mode.
We find that effects of mode assignment on measurement are present, but for most indicators the effects are small. Finding ways to remediate the differences in item-missing data and focal values should help reduce mode effects in mixed-mode surveys or those transitioning from interviewer- to self-administration.
Right to Informational Privacy in India: Shift from Property Right to Property Rule
Authors: Maheshwari Khushi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In today’s technological landscape, marked by continuous flow of data, it is difficult to think of data in terms of property rights, based on ownership. This is because data principals are almost always excluded from this ownership right and associated gains. With a specific focus on the Indian context, this paper analyses the framing of right to informational privacy and the issues associated with the same. It then goes on to suggest, the framing of this right using the option theory of legal entitlements instead of as a property right. The paper acknowledges the limitations of this theory, however emphasises that this theory is crucial to engage in a discourse which signifies a shift from associating data with property rights. It also has practical utility to arrive at more economically efficient models which take into consideration the data principal’s right as well as the need for technological innovation.
Actualización en el diagnóstico bioquímico de la enfermedad de Wilson
Authors: Martínez-Morillo Eduardo , Bauça Josep Miquel 
Published: May 2022

Resumen
La enfermedad de Wilson (EW) es un trastorno hereditario del metabolismo del cobre causado por mutaciones en el gen ATP7B, en el que se produce la acumulación de este elemento en el hígado y otros órganos y tejidos de los pacientes afectados, provocando principalmente manifestaciones hepáticas y neuropsiquiátricas. Se revisan el rendimiento diagnóstico y las limitaciones de las principales pruebas bioquímicas utilizadas en esta enfermedad infradiagnosticada. Además, se incluyen recomendaciones y se proponen comentarios estandarizados que podrían acompañar a los resultados en el informe de laboratorio. A pesar de no disponer aún de una prueba bioquímica rápida, sencilla y fiable que permita un diagnóstico inequívoco de la EW, la combinación de ceruloplasmina sérica y cobre urinario permite una orientación diagnóstica certera. El cobre sérico total debe ser utilizado con precaución dado su bajo valor predictivo negativo y no se recomienda el uso del cobre no unido a ceruloplasmina calculado. Sin embargo, el cobre intercambiable relativo medido presenta una sensibilidad y especificidad muy elevadas, pudiendo convertirse en un futuro en la prueba de referencia para el diagnóstico bioquímico de la EW. El desarrollo de nuevos métodos abre la puerta a la incorporación de la EW a los programas de cribado neonatal.
10 Jahre berufsbegleitendes Studium „Informationsmanagement“ an der Hochschule Hannover: eine Zwischenbilanz
Authors: Wittich Anke 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
Für Fachangestellte für Medien- und Informationsdienste (FaMIs) ist berufsbegleitendes Studieren eine erfolgreiche Maßnahme zur Höherqualifizierung. Bibliotheken können ihrerseits im Rahmen der Personalentwicklung mit der Unterstützung von studierenden Mitarbeitenden dem Fachkräftemangel entgegenwirken. Der Beitrag stellt die Personalentwicklungsmaßnahme am Beispiel des Bachelor-Studiengangs „Informationsmanagement – berufsbegleitend“ der Hochschule Hannover vor. Es werden Informationen aus der Beratungspraxis dargelegt und die mögliche Unterstützung durch die entsendenden Bibliotheken aufgezeigt.
How the Leader-Team Age Dissimilarity and Leader Power Shape the Entrepreneurial Ventures’ R&D Intensity: Empirical Evidence from China
Authors: Zheng Yaoyi , Su Yi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Contemplating the directionality of age difference between the leaders and their team, the leader-team age dissimilarity can be divided into two categories: leader-team norm-consistent age dissimilarity and leader-team norm-inconsistent age dissimilarity. Previous studies have remained lacking to investigate these two types of age differences and their interactions relationship with leaders’ power under China’s cultural context. This study integrates the theoretical framework of social normative theory and power distance theory, and analyzes the impact of leader-team norm-consistent age dissimilarity and leader-team norm-inconsistent age dissimilarity, and their interaction with leader power on entrepreneurial firms’ research and development (R&D) intensity. Panel data on the entrepreneurial firms of the China’s Growth Enterprise Market is adopted, and panel random-effects tobit regression is used for empirical test. The results indicate that leader-team norm-consistent age dissimilarity is negatively associated with R&D intensity of entrepreneurial firms, whereas there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between leader-team norm-inconsistent age dissimilarity and entrepreneurial firms’ R&D intensity. The aforementioned relationship is stronger when leader power is high as opposed to when it is low. The execution of robustness checks authenticates the veracity of the empirical results.
Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles prepared using seeds of Sisymbrium irio and evaluation of their antifungal and cytotoxic activities
Authors: Rizwana Humaira , Bokahri Najat A. , Alfarhan Ahmed , Aldehaish Horiah A. , Alsaggabi Noura S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recent studies have shown that green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their application in the control of phytopathogenic fungi is a burgeoning field. Sisymbrium irio (Si) (London rocket) is a well-known weed that grows abundantly in Saudi Arabia from February to May. The present study is concerned with the rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles from the aqueous seed extract of Si) in the presence of sunlight. The biosynthesized Si-AgNPs were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis, dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis (FTIR). The UV-Vis spectrum revealed a prominent surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption band (∼439 nm) characteristic of AgNPs. As revealed by TEM analysis, the Si-AgNPs were predominantly spheroidal in shape and measured between 4 and 51 nm, while the Z average of nanoparticles was 94.81 nm as revealed by the DLS spectrum. The FTIR spectrum displayed peaks related to important functional groups (amines, phenols, carboxylic acids, flavonoids, aromatic compounds, and esters) that aid in the reduction, encapsulation, and stability of AgNPs. The Si-AgNPs were further investigated against a panel of potent fungal phytopathogens that included Alternaria alternata, A. brassicae, Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, and Trichoderma harzianum. The cytotoxic activity of the biosynthesized nanoparticles against human cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) was also tested. Si-AgNPs at 80 µg·mL−1 demonstrated a marked reduction in mycelial growth and spore germination. Similarly, Si-AgNPs exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxic activity against the HeLa cell line, with an IC50 value of 21.83 ± 0.76 µg·mL−1. The results of the present study demonstrate the robust cytotoxic and antifungal activities of Si-AgNPs. Based on the findings, Si-AgNPs can be exploited to design formulations that can effectively act as anticancer agents, controlling the proliferation of cancer cells while also combating fungal phytopathogens. However, future research to understand their toxicity mechanisms is needed.
Sound change in Aboriginal Australia: word-initial engma deletion in Kunwok
Authors: Marley Alexandra Helen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper examines word-initial engma deletion in Bininj Kunwok. Loss of initial consonants is a well-documented historical process in many Australian languages (Blevins, Juliette. 2001. Where have all the onsets gone? Initial consonant loss in Australian Aboriginal languages. In Jane Simpson, David Nash, Mary Laughren, Peter Austin & Barry Alpher (eds.), Forty years on: Ken Hale and Australian languages, 481–492. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics), but there has been no systematic analysis of initial consonant loss as a synchronic variable (Fletcher, Janet & Andrew Butcher 2014. Sound patterns of Australian languages. In Harold Koch & Rachel Nordlinger (eds.), The languages and linguistics of Australia, 91–138. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton). In the case of Kunwok, word-initial velar nasal deletion (e.g. nganabbarru ∼ anabbarru ‘buffalo’) has been described as having regional distribution and is a prominent feature of speakers from the western and southern peripheries of the dialect chain, but variable in speakers from the central region (Evans, Nicholas. 2003. Bininj Kunwok: A pan-dialectal grammar of Mayali, Kunwinjku and Kune. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics). This study tests the distribution of the word-initial engma for both linguistic conditioning and sociolinguistic factors, and arrives at three conclusions. First, that preceding environment is a contributing factor. Second, that morphological class is a categorical conditioning factor. And third, that the phenomenon is spreading and there is evidence of language change in progress. This paper also takes into consideration community perspectives, noting that the sound change in progress is accompanied by a change in perceptions.
Topologically driven Rabi-oscillating interference dislocation
Authors: Rahmani Amir , Colas David , Voronova Nina , Jamshidi-Ghaleh Kazem , Dominici Lorenzo , Laussy Fabrice P. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Quantum vortices are the quantized version of classical vortices. Their center is a phase singularity or vortex core around which the flow of particles as a whole circulates and is typical in superfluids, condensates and optical fields. However, the exploration of the motion of the phase singularities in coherently-coupled systems is still underway. We theoretically analyze the propagation of an interference dislocation in the regime of strong coupling between light and matter, with strong mass imbalance, corresponding to the case of microcavity exciton–polaritons. To this end, we utilize combinations of vortex and tightly focused Gaussian beams, which are introduced through resonant pulsed pumping. We show that a dislocation originates from self-interference fringes, due to the non-parabolic dispersion of polaritons combined with moving Rabi-oscillating vortices. The morphology of singularities is analyzed in the Poincaré space for the pseudospin associated to the polariton states. The resulting beam carries orbital angular momentum with decaying oscillations due to the loss of spatial overlap between the normal modes of the polariton system.
Judicial Independence in Pakistan
Authors: ZULFIQAR Rida 
Published: May 2022

Independent judiciary is the justification of a balanced and disinterested and judiciously equitable civilization. Independence suggests that professionals in law can unobstructed deliver legal judgments whether involving powerful diplomats, executive characters, or average residents. Therefore, guaranteeing resolutions are built on vitality slightly than is the outcome of governmental tensions or is promoting some bulk. Founded with freedom, the judiciary system works as a defense of public equities and independence. In Pakistan, however, the Constitution designates an individualistic and non-interrupted judiciary but political authorities, from multiple years, have been doubled upon guaranteeing that the lawmakers or law implementers/ judges constantly survive in an environment of anxiety and address partial and advantageous determinations under the leadership and intentional power of the outside officials. This paper settles that an unconventional or independent judicial system may not denote the clarification to all the dilemmas of Pakistan but is the numerous significant paces towards resolving the obstacles covered by the country machinations. These hurdles have great impact on country’s overall judicial performance which turns it not a democratic state and throw critical observation over dependent proclaims of judicial system, where jury could not perform and execute rule of law individually. Furthermore, the historical events from 1947 to 1956 stand the revolution in constitutional corner of the state but unfortunately severe contamination in legislative system and interpretation of external bodies in organizational independency of law, upgraded nepotism and corruptions like threats in current infrastructure of administration.