bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gemini curcumin inhibits 4T1 cancer cell proliferation and modulates the expression of apoptotic and metastatic genes on Balb/c Mice model
Authors: Zaker Behzad Zaker , Hesari Farzam Sheikhzadeh , Babaei Esmaeil 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background/aim:
Despite the attractive anticancer effects, poor solubility and low bioavailability have restricted the clinical application of curcumin. Recent findings show that gemini nano-curcumin (Gemini-Cur) significantly improves cellular uptake of curcumin and its anticancer effect in tumor cells. Here, we aimed to assess the suppressive effect of Gemini-Cur on 4T1 breast cancer cells in vitro and, subsequentlly on BALB/c mouse models.
Materials and methods
Fluorescence microscopy was employed to visualize cellular uptake and morphological changes of 4T1 cells during treatement with Gemini-Cur and void curcumin. MTT and annexin V/FITC assays were performed to study the toxic effect of Gemini-Cur on mouse cancer cells. For in vivo studies, BALB/c tumor-bearing mice were used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Gemini-Cur in comparison with mice receiving free curcumin and nanoparticles.
Results
Our data showed that Gemini-Cur enters the cells and inhibits proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Annexin V/FITC confirmed apoptotic effect on 4T1 cells. In vivo studies also illustrated that tumor growth is suppressed in Gemini-Cur treated mice rather than controls. Expression studies demonstrated the modulation of apoptotic and metastatic genes including Bax, Bcl-2, MMP-9, VEGF and COX-2 in treated mice.
Discussion
Taken together, these data demonstrate the promising anticancer properties of Gemini-Cur on mice models. However, further studies in molecular and cellular levels are required to conclude this therapeutic advantage.
Mitochondrial COI sequences revealed shallow but significant divergences among Amphioctopus aegina (Octopoda, Octopodidae) populations in coastal waters of China
Authors: Sun Chenlian , Hou Long , Zhao Shijie , Muhammad Faiz , Liu Liqin , Gong Li , Liu Bingjian , Lü Zhenming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Amphioctopus aegina
is an important fishery resource distributed in the coastal waters of China. However, the genetic variation and population genetic structure of it have never been investigated, to date.
Methods
In the present study, the genetic diversity and population genetic structure among the four A. aegina populations across its full distributional range in China were assessed based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase1 (COI) sequences.
Results
The results revealed a remarkably low genetic diversity (Hd: 0.2842–0.6670; pi: 0.0007–0.0015) in A. aegina populations. The neighbour-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree and the haplotype networks constructed, as well as the results of molecular variance (AMOVA) analyses, indicated a shallow phylogeographic structure among the four populations. However, pairwise genetic differentiation coefficient (ΦST) statistics and genetic distance analyses revealed significant (p < 0.01) genetic differentiation among Qinzhou and the rest three populations of Zhanjiang, Huizhou, and Dongshan. The demographic history analyses indicated a population expansion in A. aegina, and the role of Leizhou peninsula isolation in shaping the population differentiation.
Conclusion
These results would largely enhance our understanding of the genetic structure and promote the scientific management of A. aegina fishery resources in coastal waters of China.
Fasting plasma lactate: A diagnosis and staging biomarker with superior performance in adult nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Xin Nie , Jianfei E , He He , Fei Ding , Haolan Song , Qianhui Liu , Mengting Yin , Yong He , Guixing Li 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: For the assessment and staging of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), fasting plasma lactate (FPL) has been a useful marker. However, it has never been used to evaluate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Since NAFLD is one of the significant metabolic syndromes, we investigated whether FPL can be used as a biomarker for diagnosing and staging NAFLD. Methods: A total of 102 patients who were diagnosed with NAFLD and 100 healthy control between October 2018 and September 2019 were enrolled in our study. We determined the levels of FPL, total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin(FINS), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). We performedreceiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate their diagnostic performance. Results: In NAFLD patients, we found FPL, ALT, AST, TG, FPG, FINS, and HOMA-IR levels to be elevated while HDL-C level was reduced (P < 0.05). FPL, FPG, FINS, and HOMA-IR levels were higher in mild NAFLD patients than moderate to severe ones (P < 0.05). For NAFLD diagnosis and staging, the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of FPL were 0.973 and 0.999, making it clearly (P < 0.05) superior to other biomarkers.For diagnosing and staging NAFLD, the cutoff value of1.285 mmol/L and 2.370 mmol/L for FPL had the highest validity, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, negative likelihood ratio (LR-), and positive likelihood ratio (LR+) were 87.25%, 98.00%, 0.13, and 43.63 for the diagnosis cutoff value and. 92.19%, 97.37%, 0.08, and 35.05 for staging, respectively.In addition, for NAFLD patients, FPL positively correlated with TG, FPG, FINS, and HOMA-IR (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Thus, in adult NAFLD, FPL can be used as a diagnosis and staging biomarker with superior performance.
The role of political devotion in sharing partisan misinformation
Authors: Pretus Clara , Servin-Barthet Camila , Harris Elizabeth , Brady William , Vilarroya Oscar , Bavel Jay Van 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Online misinformation poses a significant threat to global challenges, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change. Misinformation is disproportionality shared by people with extreme political attitudes, especially among the far right. To understand the psychological and neurocognitive processes that underlie misinformation sharing among extremists, we conducted a pre-registered, cross-cultural experiment with conservatives and far-right supporters in the US and Spain (N = 1,609) and a neuroimaging study with far-right supporters in Spain (N = 36). Individuals who felt their personal identity was fused with their political group were more likely to share misinformation, especially when the misinformation was related to issues that involve sacred moral values (e.g., immigration and nationalism). Analytical thinking was unrelated to misinformation sharing when the misinformation involved sacred values (vs. non-sacred values) and fact-checks had little or no effect in this sample, especially among hyper-partisans. Far-right supporters also showed increased activity in brain regions associated with theory of mind in response to posts with sacred values, highlighting the social dimension of misinformation sharing. These results suggest that political devotion plays a key role in misinformation sharing and that identity-based interventions may help curb misinformation for specific groups.
DNA Repair Activation and Cell Death Suppression by Plant Polyphenols in Keratinocytes Exposed to UV-irradiation
Authors: Potapovich A. I. , Kostyuk T. V. , Shman T. V. , Ermilova T. I. , Kostyuk V. A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The work investigated effects of plant polyphenolic compounds (PPs) on responses of cultured human HaCaT keratinocytes to ultraviolet radiation in the C range (UV-C). The experimental data obtained indicate a cytoprotective effect of the PPs added immediately after UV-C exposure. The efficiency of PPs was lowered in the order: acacetin ≥ silybin > quercetin. Using the comet-assay and gamma H2AX staining followed by fluorescence microscopy it has been established that PPs accelerated H2AX phosphorylation and reduced and the number of single-strand DNA breaks in the nuclei of keratinocytes exposed to UV-C radiation. It is concluded that the PPs can diminish the destructive effect of UV radiation on the skin cells, activating the process of repairing genetic damage.
Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Six Polygonatum Species (Asparagaceae)
Authors: Zhang Dongjuan , Ren Jing , Jiang Hui , Wanga Vincent Okelo , Dong Xiang , Hu Guangwan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Polygonatum Miller is the largest genus in the tribe Polygonateae of Asparagaceae, and the horizontal creeping fleshy roots of several species in this genus serve as traditional Chinese medicine. Previous studies have been concerned mainly with the size and gene contents of the plastome, no intensive plastid genomic comparative analysis of this genus has been conducted, and there are still some species whose chloroplast genome information has not been reported. Results: In this study, the complete plastomes of six Polygonatum were sequenced and assembled, among which, the chloroplast genome of P. campanulatum and P. franchetii were reported for the first time. Comparative and phylogenetic analyses were then conducted with the published plastomes of three related species. Results indicated that the whole plastome length of the Polygonatum species ranged from 154, 565 bp (P. multiflorum) to 156, 028 bp (P. stenophyllum) having a quadripartite structure of LSC and SSC separated by two IR regions. A total of 113 unique genes were detected in each of the species. Comparative analysis revealed that gene content, protein-coding genes and total GC content in these species were highly identical. No significant contraction or expansion was observed in the IR boundaries among all the species except P. sibiricum, in which the rps19 gene was pseudogenized owing to incomplete duplication. Abundant long dispersed repeats and SSRs were detected in each genome. There were eight remarkably variable regions and 14 positively selected genes were identified among Polygonatum and Heteropolygonatum. Phylogenetic results based on chloroplast genome illustrated that P. campanulatum with alternate leaves were strongly supported locating in sect. Verticillata, a group characterized by whorled leaves. Moreover, P. verticillatum and P. cyrtonema were displayed as paraphyletic. Conclusions: This study revealed that the characters of plastomes in Polygonatum and Heteropolygonautm maintained a high similarity. Eight highly variable regions were found to be potential specific DNA barcodes in Polygonatum. Phylogenetic results suggested that leaf arrangement was not suitable as a basis for delimitation of subgeneric groups in Polygonatum and the definitions of P. cyrtonema and P. verticillatum require further study.
Multiple indicators of violence against female sex workers in Ghana: analysis of the prevalence and the associated factors
Authors: Ayamah P , Atuahene KS , Annang DA , Nartey DT , Amuasi SA , Abrefa-Gyan T , Aheto Justice Moses K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Violence against female sex workers (FSWs) is a widespread phenomenon primarily because of the pervasive worldview that sex work is a contravention of morality. Violence against FSWs deters them from accessing services and heightens their risk of STIs including HIV infection. Consequently, it is expedient to understand the prevalence and the underlying factors that influence the multiple indicators of violence against FSWs to inform the design and implementation of effective remedial interventions.Objective: This study sought to assess the prevalence and associated factors of physical and sexual violence against FSWs in Ghana.Method: The study used secondary data from the 2015 Integrated Bio-Behavioural Surveillance Survey (IBBSS) among FSWs and their non-paying partners conducted by Ghana AIDS Commission (GAC). Bivariate, and multiple logistic regression analyses were done to establish factors associated with physical and sexual violence against FSWs. Statistical significance was set at a p-value<0.05.Results: The study established the prevalence of physical and sexual violence as 10.1% and 24.8% respectively. Physical violence was perpetrated mainly by first-time paying clients (50.6%) and regular paying clients (31.0%). A similar trend was reported for sexual violence. As established by the study, the predictors of physical violence are type of FSW (p-value<0.01), current age of FSW (p-value=0.02), (geographical) region of residence (p-value<0.01), whether FSW had ever used drugs in the past one year (<0.01) and whether FSW had ever used alcohol before sex in the past six months preceding the survey (p-value<0.01). Sexual violence on the other hand was predicted by current age of FSW (p-value=0.02), marital status (p-value<0.01), number of living children (p-value=0.04), where FSWs take clients for sex (p-value <0.01), (geographical) region of residence (p-value<0.01), history of drug use (p-value <0.01), and history of alcohol use (p-value<0.01). Both physical and sexual violence had negative consequences on consistency of condom use and condom failure among FSWs.Conclusion: Physical and sexual violence against FSWs is pervasive in Ghana and it is influenced by many factors. There is the need for tailored interventions to address the menace in order to enhance FSWs’ ability to access health care services and to use condoms consistently.
LIN28 expression and function in medulloblastoma
Authors: Maklad Ahmed , Sedeeq Mohammed , Wilson Richard , Heath John A. , Gueven Nuri , Azimi Iman 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant paediatric brain tumour. Current treatment modalities are not completely effective and can lead to severe neurological and cognitive adverse effects. In addition to urgently needing better treatment approaches, new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are required to improve the therapy outcomes of MB patients. The RNA binding proteins, LIN28A and LIN28B, are known to regulate invasive phenotypes in many different cancer types. However, the expression and function of these proteins in MB had not been studied to date. Methods This study identified the expression of LIN28A and LIN28B in MB patient samples and cell lines and assessed the effect of LIN28 inhibition on MB cell growth, metabolism and stemness. Results LIN28B expression was significantly upregulated in MB tissues compared to normal brain tissues. This upregulation, which was not observed in other brain tumours, was specific for the aggressive MB subgroups and correlated with patient survival and metastasis rates. Functionally, pharmacological inhibition of LIN28 activity concentration dependently reduced LIN28B expression, as well as the growth of D283 MB cells. While, LIN28 inhibition did not affect the levels of intracellular ATP, it reduced the expression of the stemness marker CD133 in D283 cells, and sphere formation of CHLA-01R cells. LIN28B, which is highly expressed in human cerebellum during the first few months after birth, subsequently decreased with age. Conclusion The results of this study highlight the potential of LIN28B as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for MB and opens the possibility to utilise LIN28 as a pharmacological target to suppress MB cell growth and stemness.
Identification of Lilium ledebourii antiproliferative compounds against skin, bone, and oral cancer cells
Authors: Partovi Nastaran , Kumleh Hassan Hassani , Mirzajani Ebrahim , Farhadpour Mohsen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cancers are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and in spite of the progress in anticancer drug development, it is still imperative to find novel natural medicines. Therefore, this study was aimed at the evaluation of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity induction via Lonicera nummularifolia, Lilium ledebourii, Campsis radicans and Parthenocissus quinquefolia extracts. Each extract was treated on G292, A431, and KB cancer cell lines, which compared to the HGF-1 normal cell line. From the MTT assay, all extracts significantly enhanced the cell death rate in three cancer cell lines more than the HGF-1 line. Based on evidence from the cell cycle, MTT and apoptosis tests, the Methanolic extract of L. ledebourii bulbs exhibited a considerable efficacy on apoptosis induction in the cancer cell lines. It seems that the mode of action for L. ledebourii Methanolic extract is due to the increased BID/MAPK14 expression and the decreased MDM2/BCL2/MYC expression, which lead to activation of the p53 protein-induced apoptosis. The crude extract was separated into fractions by preparative HPLC and effective fraction was characterized by Triple-Quad LC/MS connected to the UHPLC system. Overall, the findings suggest that L. ledebourii is a promising source of bioactive compounds, which are proven natural anticancer compounds.
Sonar Data Classification using Neural Network Trained by Hybrid Dragonfly and Chimp Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Mousavipour F. , Mosavi M. R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a hybrid Dragonfly Algorithm (DA) for training Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP NN) to design the classifier for solving complicated problems and distinguishing the real target from liars’ targets in sonar applications. Due to improving the cost computation and reducing the waste of time, a modified low-cost DA is designed for evaluation. To assess the accuracy of the technique, some well-known meta-heuristic trainers include Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA), DA, and Chimp Optimization Algorithm (ChoA) compared to show the accuracy of similar algorithms. DA and ChoA algorithms have remarkable features and a hybrid algorithm of them is proposed. The performance of the proposed classifier will be evaluated by two standard benchmark datasets. The results show that the modified hybrid DA-ChoA has 15% less time consuming and 4% better performance rather than the original dragonfly method.
MRC2 overexpression combined with intronic hypomethylation: potential predictors for glioma
Authors: Hua Shi , Cheng Yanhao , Zhang Moxuan , Dai Chao , Li Hongyan , Wang Wenlai , Lu Yucheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
MRC2 aberrantly expressed in malignant tumors had been reported in multiple researches, but not in glioma. This study mainly to explore the effect of DNA methylation on the MRC2 expression, and the mechanism of MRC2 regulating the biological function of glioma cells.
Methods
In this study, the differentially expressed gene MRC2 was found after large-scale screening of glioma whole genome sequencing data. Logistic regression analysis was used to scale the correlation between MRC2 expression and clinical characteristics; immunohistochemistry and Western blot verified the expression of MRC2 in normal brain and glioma. The correlation between DNA methylation and MRC2 expression was examined by Pearson correlation coefficient (r). ROC, Cox and Kaplan-Meier approach for quantifying MRC2 expression on disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Gene enrichment analysis (GSEA) predicted glioma related signal pathways that may be activated by high expressed MRC2. Expression and methylation data were obtained from TCGA, CGGA and GTEx,
Results
MRC2 was highly expressed in glioma, and the expression was not related to gender, age, radiotherapy, but related to recurrence, tumor grade, chemotherapy, IDH_mutation, and 1p19q_codeletion. The up-regulation of MRC2 expression was related to the hypomethylation of 9 CpG sites located in MRC2 promoter and intron 1 region, both together led to a poor prognosis. GSEA predicted six pathways could activated by highly expressed MRC2, these pathways mainly regulated the proliferation and invasion in glioma. Co-expressed genes of MRC2 could be found in each pathway, and they were functionally consistent with MRC2 in influencing prognosis.
Conclusion
It was not only DNA hypomethylation that affects the expression of MRC2, hypomethylation of CpG site in promoter and first intron region had the similar regulatory function. Up-regulated MRC2 could activated six signal pathways mainly regulated the proliferation and invasion, and led to poor prognosis in glioma. Thereby, MRC2 could be seen as a novel molecular target for glioma.
Spatial Classification algorithm (Modified-ID3) to identify OLR anomaly preceding M≥6.0 earthquakes-A case study on the vicinity of the 26 December 2004 earthquake
Authors: Jeyaraman Ramya , Natarajan Venkatanathan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Megathrust 9.1Mw earthquake in Sumatra – Andaman region on 26 December 2004 was the deadliest earthquake of the 21st century. The study region comprises ten earthquakes that occurred within a 75-km radius of the 26 December 2004 earthquake from 1991 to 2021. To explore the spatial characteristics of the Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) the grid comprising 11° × 11° was considered, which is roughly 15, 00,000 sq. km for a 12-month period before the earthquake, which is computed retrospectively by taking the event date as a base date. A novel “Modified-ID3” (M-ID3) is a spatial classification algorithm, applied to analyze the OLR flux spatially and it is categorized into two leagues, a) “Macro dimension League” (MaDL) and b) “Micro dimension League” (MiDL). The grid dimensions 11° × 11°, 9°×9°, and 7°×7° belong to MaDL, while MiDL grid dimensions are 5°×5° and 3°×3°. To compare the different grid dimensions, the OLR values of the grids are normalized. From the spatial analysis, the anomalous variations in MiDL were observed before 1 to 3 months prior to the occurrence of earthquakes. Also, it is found that the earthquakes have occurred when the OLR flux value crosses the critical value for both leagues and also, and the MiDL was found to be greater than MaDL. The pattern of OLR anomaly significantly differs spatially for prior and post scenario of 26 December 2004 earthquake. The OLR scenario for the recent past, the time period starting from 30-11-2020 to 30-11-2021 were analyzed and the observation of OLR anomalous flux is found at south-east region of study area. Hence, the authors inferred that the OLR could be considered a potential candidate as a precursor to identifying the probable location, magnitude, and time of impending earthquakes.
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis as the First Sign of Thyrotoxicosis- A Rare Case Report from Somalia
Authors: Mohamed Hawa Nuradin , Ghedi Abdi Karim Ahmed , Ozturk Sevgi , Jeele Mohamed Osman Omar , Bashir Ahmed Muhammad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis (THPP) is a rare complication of hyperthyroidism and is marked by thyrotoxicosis, hypokalemia, and paralysis. It is the most commonly acquired form of periodic paralysis. It has been most commonly reported in Asian subjects, with limited information on the black population. This is precipitated by strenuous exercise, high carbohydrates, stress, infection, alcohol, albuterol, and corticosteroid therapy. Case Presentation: We present a 29-year-old male patient admitted from the emergency department with a complaint of sudden onset of paralysis after a high carbohydrate meal. Laboratory investigations showed low potassium chloride 1.8 mEq/l, TSH 0.006 miu/l, T3 3.2 ng/ml. T4 13.5 ng/ml. Potassium chloride infusion and antithyroid drugs were given. Conclusion: To prevent deadly consequences (cardiac and respiratory), it is critical to diagnose THPP early and treat the electrolyte imbalance that is precipitated by strenuous exercise and high carbohydrate meals.