bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced sliding mode speed observer with compensated stray‐load and iron losses for a stand‐alone wind turbine‐driven induction generator
Authors: Aberbour Adel , Bašić Mateo , Vukadinović Dinko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractModel‐based speed estimation schemes in sensorless field‐oriented control (FOC) of induction machines (IMs) are designed on the basis of a corresponding mathematical model. Thus, a reliable and robust sensorless controller requires using a more detailed IM model. The omission of nonlinear phenomena in real‐time application, such as magnetic saturation, iron losses, and stray‐load losses, certainly leads to inaccuracy in the estimated speed due to the existence of the mentioned phenomena in the IM. In this context, we address here the problem of neglecting the stray‐load and iron losses in a model‐based speed observer, synthesized by means of sliding mode theory, and we evaluate the impact of this omission on the execution of the utilized FOC and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm applied for a stand‐alone wind energy conversion system (WECS). The performance of the proposed sliding mode speed observer (SMSO), derived from the IM model including the above mentioned nonlinear phenomena, is experimentally evaluated over wide ranges of wind speed and IM magnetizing flux. It is also compared with the model reference adaptive system (MRAS) speed estimator, which is derived from the same IM model, as well as to the simplified SMSO, designed based on the IM model without stray‐load and iron losses. The obtained results show that the proposed SMSO has greater robustness with respect to abrupt variations of the rotor flux in comparison with the MRAS speed estimator, whereas it ensures significantly more stable operation and lower speed estimation error in comparison with the simplified SMSO.
Model predictive sliding mode control of six‐phase induction motor using nine‐switch converter
Authors: Gulbudak Ozan , Gokdag Mustafa , Komurcugil Hasan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article proposes a new control strategy to regulate the six‐phase induction machine fed by a nine‐switch converter. The traditional model predictive control method is a favorable feedback control routine in variable‐drive applications. However, the lack of the term that assess the closed‐loop stability in the conventional cost function formulation may cause potential closed‐loop instability and be incapable of tolerating the parameter mismatch. Furthermore, the conventional model predictive control formulation cannot ensure global optimality in case of deviation from the nominal operating point. In this paper, the closed‐loop stability is enhanced by including a sliding mode stability term in the objective function. The traditional cost function is redeveloped as a sliding mode control stability term, and the selection of the control input that satisfies the closed‐loop loop stability condition is ensured. The robustness performance of the system is improved, and a better steady‐state performance is achieved. The proposed control strategy is proved using a hardware setup including a six‐phase 30° spatially shifted induction motor and nine‐switch converter prototype. The experimental results demonstrate that a secured six‐phase induction motor operation is guaranteed while improving the closed‐loop robustness.
A novel optimized resource management model for software defined future mobile networks
Authors: A Sureshkumar , D Surendran 
Published: June 2022

SummaryExtreme densities are an important factor in future mobile networks that can provide very high data rate to mobile users. It also increases complexity in handover decisions and resource management. However, SDNs (software‐defined networks) and mobility models can provide seamless mobility and efficient resource management in heterogeneous mobile environment, and ensure QoS (quality of service) is achieved. The paper proposes SDN based on GMM (Group Mobility Model) called MoMo, and resource management using MLOAs (mutation lion optimization algorithms) are used to alleviate handover and addressing issues in network congestion. The proposed method is based on SDN controllers working in global perspectives for achieving required network conditions and end user QoSs. SDN with GMM‐MoMo‐MLOA offer transparent and dynamic support for sessions during handoffs and thus eliminates congestion overheads and packet losses related to mobile traffic, resulting in improved QoS for mobile users. The performance analysis through experiments depicts that the proposed model gives enhanced performance when compared to that of the other conventional methods and also has proven efficiency in terms of other parameters such as handover latency, signaling cost, throughput, and packet loss. The results from the simulation show that the proposed method SDN‐GMM‐MoMo‐MLOA greatly improves the performance of network and also maintains optimum resource utilization and efficiency.
Multiresistant Enterobacteriaceae in yellow‐legged gull chicks in their first weeks of life
Authors: Vittecoq Marion , Brazier Lionel , Elguero Eric , Bravo Ignacio G. , Renaud Nicolas , Manzano‐Marín Alejandro , Prugnolle Franck , Godreuil Sylvain , Blanchon Thomas , Roux François , Durand Patrick , Renaud François , Thomas Frédéric 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWild animal species living in anthropogenic areas are commonly carriers of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria (AMRB), but their role in the epidemiology of these bacteria is unclear. Several studies on AMRB in wildlife have been cross‐sectional in design and sampled individual animals at only one point in time. To further understand the role of wildlife in maintaining and potentially transmitting these bacteria to humans and livestock, longitudinal studies are needed in which samples are collected from individual animals over multiple time periods. In Europe, free‐ranging yellow‐legged gulls (Larus michahellis) commonly live in industrialized areas, forage in landfills, and have been found to carry AMRB in their feces. Using bacterial metagenomics and antimicrobial resistance characterization, we investigated the spatial and temporal patterns of AMRB in a nesting colony of yellow‐legged gulls from an industrialized area in southern France. We collected 54 cloacal swabs from 31 yellow‐legged gull chicks in 20 nests on three dates in 2016. We found that AMRB in chicks increased over time and was not spatially structured within the gull colony. This study highlights the complex occurrence of AMRB in a free‐ranging wildlife species and contributes to our understanding of the public health risks and implications associated with ARMB‐carrying gulls living in anthropogenic areas.
Thermobiological effects of temperature‐induced color variations inAglais urticae(Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)
Authors: Markl Gregor , Ottmann Shannon , Haasis Tobias , Budach Daniela , Krais Stefanie , Köhler Heinz‐R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractColoration of animals is important for camouflage, for social behavior, or for physiological fitness. This study investigates the color variation in adults ofAglais urticaeobtained on subjecting some pre‐imaginal stages to different temperature conditions and their thermobiological consequences. To investigate the evolutionary–ecological interactions of temperature and pigmentation in butterflies, caterpillars, and pupae of the small tortoiseshell,Aglais urticae(Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae), larvae from Central Europe and Scandinavia were reared at temperatures between 7 and 34°C in the laboratory or in the field. After emergence, the intensity of pigmentation of the imagines and their increase in body temperature under defined full‐spectrum light irradiation were quantified by image analysis and thermal imaging. At constant conditions, ambient rearing temperature and pigmentation intensity of imagines were negatively and linearly correlated in Central European butterflies, regardless of whether the pupal stage alone or, additionally, the last period of the larval stage was exposed to these conditions: low temperatures induced darker coloration and high temperatures led to lighter individuals. A thermal pulse of a few days alone at the beginning of pupal dormancy led to a similar, albeit weakened, effect. Caterpillars of the Scandinavian subspeciesA.urticae polaris, whose pupal dormancy took place under Central European field conditions, developed into strongly pigmented imagines. The thermobiological relevance of more intense pigmentation was shown by significantly higher absorption of light, and thus stronger increased body temperature after 5 min of defined illumination, but this difference ceased after 15 min. Our results show that phenotypic plasticity in wing coloration is adaptive since temperature‐induced developmental changes provide thermobiological benefit in adult butterflies. We propose that, in subpolar latitudes, darker coloration likely has a selection advantage favoring individuals with reaction norms gradually shifted to stronger pigmented phenotypes, possibly leading to the establishment of a pigmentation cline.
Short‐term effects of summer warming on caribou forage quality are mitigated by long‐term warming
Authors: Leffler A. Joshua , Becker Heidi A. , Kelsey Katharine C. , Spalinger Donald A. , Welker Jeffrey M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRapid Arctic climate change is leading to woody plant‐dominated ecosystems with potential consequences for caribou foraging and nutritional ecology. While warming has been clearly linked to shrub expansion, the influence of higher temperatures on variables linked to the leaf‐level quality of caribou forage is equivocal. Moreover, warming results in a complex set of ecosystem changes that operate on different timescales such as not only rapidly accelerating phenology, but also slowly increasing thaw depth and plant access to soil resources. Here, we compare changes in leaf nitrogen (N) concentration, digestibility, and protein‐precipitating capacity (PPC) in short‐term (i.e., <1–2 summers) and long‐term (approximately 25 years) experimental warming plots with ambient temperature plots for three species commonly included in caribou summer diets:Salix pulchra(diamond‐leaf willow),Betula nana(dwarf birch), andEriophorum vaginatum(cottongrass). Short‐term warming modestly decreased leaf N concentration inB. nana.Long‐term and short‐term warming slightly increased the digestibility ofS. pulchra, but only short‐term warming increased digestibility inB. nana. Greater dry matter digestibility in both shrubs occurred through reductions in the lignin and cutin quantity in plant cells. Long‐term warming had no impact on PPC and equivocal impact on digestible protein ofB. nana. Overall, we found short‐term warming to be more impactful on forage quality than long‐term warming at Toolik Lake, Alaska. Apart from a long‐term warming reduction of approximately 13% in acid detergent lignin inS. pulchraandB. nana, other differences were only observed in the short‐term warming plots. Hence, our results indicate acclimation of plants to long‐term warming or possible negative feedback in the system to reduce warming effects. We suggest that warming summers may have a lesser effect on caribou forage than changes in winter precipitation or the influence of climate change on the abundance of critical species in the caribou diet.
Encapsulation of phenolic acids into cyclodextrins: A global statistical analysis of the effects of pH, temperature and concentrations on binding constants measured by ACE methods
Authors: Aksamija Amra , Tomao Valérie , Dangles Olivier , Plasson Raphaël 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAffinity capillary electrophoresis was used for the simultaneous measurement of the pKa values and of the binding constants relative to the encapsulation of naturally occurring phenolic acids (rosmarinic and caffeic acids) with cyclodextrins. A thorough study as a function of pH and temperature was coupled to a detailed statistical analysis of the resulting experimental data. A step‐by‐step curve fitting process was sufficient for obtaining individual binding constant for each experimental condition, but the influence of temperature remained unclear. A quantitative and qualitative gain was then obtained by supplementing this initial analysis with global multiparameter optimization. This leads to the estimation of both entropy and enthalpy of reaction and to the full description of the binding reactions as a function of pH and temperature. The encapsulation was shown to be very sensitive to pH and temperature, with optimal complexation occurring at low pH and low temperature, gaining up to a factor of 3 by cooling from 36 to 15°C, and up to a factor of 10 by lowering the pH from 7 to 2.
Recent advances in microchip electrophoresis for analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses
Authors: Zeid Abdallah M. , Abdussalam Abubakar , Hanif Saima , Anjum Saima , Lou Baohua , Xu Guobao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLife‐threatening diseases, such as hepatitis B, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and COVID‐19, are widespread due to pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Therefore, the development of highly sensitive, rapid, portable, cost‐effective, and selective methods for the analysis of such microorganisms is a great challenge. Microchip electrophoresis (ME) has been widely used in recent years for the analysis of bacterial and viral pathogens in biological and environmental samples owing to its portability, simplicity, cost‐effectiveness, and rapid analysis. However, microbial enrichment and purification are critical steps for accurate and sensitive analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses in complex matrices. Therefore, we first discussed the advances in the sample preparation technologies associated with the accurate analysis of such microorganisms, especially the on‐chip microfluidic‐based sample preparations such as dielectrophoresis and microfluidic membrane filtration. Thereafter, we focused on the recent advances in the lab‐on‐a‐chip electrophoretic analysis of pathogenic bacteria and viruses in different complex matrices. As the microbial analysis is mainly based on the analysis of nucleic acid of the microorganism, the integration of nucleic acid‐based amplification techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR, and multiplex PCR with ME will result in an accurate and sensitive analysis of microbial pathogens. Such analyses are very important for the point‐of‐care diagnosis of various infectious diseases.
Electrochemical study of LaGaO3 as novel electrode material of hydrogen battery (Ni/MH)
Authors: Tliha Mohamed , Kaabi Abbes , Khaldi Chokri , Dhahri Abdessalem , Fenineche Nouredine , ElKedim Omar , Lamloumi Jilani 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe physico‐chemical performance of the novel anode LaGaO3 for Ni/MH accumulators was studied using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method during cycling. The measured EIS data of the perovskite oxide are fitted according to the proposed equivalent circuit representing various processes involved in the mechanism of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions of the oxide. Different kinetic elements such as current density , charge transfer resistance , hydrogen transfer resistance , double layer capacitance , and mass hydrogen diffusion were estimated under cycling. The EIS results relieved that current density of the oxide increases quickly during the activation process and its maximum value is obtained at the second cycle (377.67 mA g−1). The degradation of the charge transfer rate of the oxide after activation can be ascribed to the corrosion of the electrode/electrolyte interface. The variation of the Warburg impedance could be attributed to the change in the morphological and the structure of the working electrode over cycling. The EIS analysis relieved that electrochemical behavior of the oxide is controlled by the charge‐transfer rate and the modification of the electrode surface.
Esterified Lignin from Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) as a Versatile Additive for Polylactic‐Acid (PLA) Composites—The Effect of Artificial Weathering on its Performance
Authors: Anugwom Ikenna , Lahtela Ville , Hedenström Mattias , Kiljunen Samantha , Kärki Timo , Kallioinen‐Mänttäri Mari 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDemand for sustainable packaging and building materials has increased the need for biobased additives. Biocomposites can often be exposed to different weather conditions and UV irradiation. Thus, additives to prevent the negative impact of weathering are generally added to composites. This study aims to evaluate using esterified lignin as an additive against weathering effects in polylactic‐acid (PLA) composites. Lignin is extracted from construction and demolition waste (CDW) wood using a deep eutectic solvent then esterified and tested as an additive in the fabrication of bio‐based composites. For comparison, lignin from birch is used as a raw material for an additive. Esterification is confirmed by solid‐state NMR analysis. Samples are exposed to artificial weathering for 700 hours and their impact strength and color change properties are measured. The results indicate that esterified lignin from CDW (CDW e‐lignin) as an additive protects the biocomposite from the weathering impact. The sample containing the CDW e‐lignin as an additive suffers only a 4.3% of reduction of impact strength, while the samples that contain commercial additives lose clearly more of their impact strength (from 23.1% to 61.1%). Based on the results CDW e‐lignin is a good additive to prevent weathering. As a conclusion, the esterified lignin from CDW, is a versatile additive for composite production.
Macrophage‐derived MLKL in alcohol‐associated liver disease: Regulation of phagocytosis
Authors: Wu Xiaoqin , Fan Xiude , McMullen Megan R. , Miyata Tatsunori , Kim Adam , Pathak Vai , Wu Jianguo , Day Le Z. , Hardesty Josiah E. , Welch Nicole , Dasarathy Jaividhya , Allende Daniela S. , McCullough Arthur J. , Jacobs Jon M. , Rotroff Daniel M. , Dasarathy Srinivasan , Nagy Laura E. 
Published: June 2022

Background and Aims:
Mixed lineage kinase domain‐like pseudokinase (MLKL), a key terminal effector of necroptosis, also plays a role in intracellular vesicle trafficking that is critical for regulating liver inflammation and injury in alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD). Although receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (Rip3)

−/−
mice are completely protected from ethanol‐induced liver injury, Mlkl

−/−
mice are only partially protected. Therefore, we hypothesized that cell‐specific functions of MLKL may contribute to ethanol‐induced injury.

Approach and Results:
Bone marrow transplants between Mlkl

−/−
mice and littermates were conducted to distinguish the role of myeloid versus nonmyeloid Mlkl in the Gao‐binge model of ALD. Ethanol‐induced hepatic injury, steatosis, and inflammation were exacerbated in Mlkl

−/−
→wild‐type (WT) mice, whereas Mlkl deficiency in nonmyeloid cells (WT→Mlkl

−/−
) had no effect on Gao‐binge ethanol‐induced injury. Importantly, Mlkl deficiency in myeloid cells exacerbated ethanol‐mediated bacterial burden and accumulation of immune cells in livers. Mechanistically, challenging macrophages with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 1–mediated expression and phosphorylation of MLKL, as well as translocation and oligomerization of MLKL to intracellular compartments, including phagosomes and lysosomes but not plasma membrane. Importantly, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of MLKL suppressed the phagocytic capability of primary mouse Kupffer cells (KCs) at baseline and in response to LPS with/without ethanol as well as peripheral monocytes isolated from both healthy controls and patients with alcohol‐associated hepatitis. Further, in vivo studies revealed that KCs of Mlkl

−/−
mice phagocytosed fewer bioparticles than KCs of WT mice.

Conclusion:
Together, these data indicate that myeloid MLKL restricts ethanol‐induced liver inflammation and injury by regulating hepatic immune cell homeostasis and macrophage phagocytosis.
The Impact of Various Anti-Osteoporosis Drugs on All-Cause Mortality After Hip Fractures: A Nationwide Population Study
Authors: Tai Ta-Wei , Hwang Jawl-Shan , Li Chia-Chun , Hsu Jason C. , Chang Chih-Wei , Wu Chih-Hsing 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Anti-osteoporosis treatment following hip fractures may reduce the overall mortality rate. However, the effects of different drugs on mortality is still unclear. This population-based cohort study aimed to identify the degree of reduced mortality after various anti-osteoporosis regimens following hip fracture surgery. We conducted this cohort study to identify patients with newly diagnosed osteoporosis and hip fractures from 2009 to 2017 using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). The subsequent use of anti-osteoporosis medication following hip fracture surgery was collected and analyzed. National death registration records were retrieved to determine mortality. A total of 45,226 new cases of osteoporotic hip fracture were identified. Compared with patients who did not receive further treatment, patients who had ever used oral bisphosphonates (alendronate and risedronate, hazard ratio [HR] 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78–0.84), ibandronate (HR 0.76; 95% CI, 0.67–0.86), zoledronic acid (HR 0.70; 95% CI, 0.64–0.76), and denosumab (HR 0.64; 95% CI, 0.60–0.68) showed lower all-cause mortality rates. Patients treated with bisphosphonates had a lower mortality risk than those treated with selective estrogen receptor modulators (HR 0.81; 95% CI, 0.75–0.87). Patients treated with zoledronic acid showed a lower mortality risk than those treated with oral bisphosphonates (HR 0.89; 95% CI, 0.82–0.97). However, patients receiving denosumab and zoledronic acid did not show a significant difference in mortality (HR 0.94; 95% CI, 0.85–1.03). Different anti-osteoporosis treatments for postsurgical patients were associated with different levels of decline in mortality. Generally, longer durations of drug use were associated with lower mortality. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).