bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histopathologic differences between adult and pediatric patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Brown Hannah J. , Khalife Sarah , Ganesan Veena , Escobedo Pedro , Filip Peter , Jeffe Jill , Karas Anatoli , Papagiannopoulos Peter , Gattuso Paolo , Batra Pete S. , Tajudeen Bobby A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdult and pediatric patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) may have differing philosophies in therapeutic management. Few studies have examined sinonasal tissue‐level comparisons of these groups. This study examines histopathologic differences between children and adults with CRS, with the goal of understanding disease pathogenesis and optimizing medical management for both populations.MethodsIn a retrospective cohort of CRS patients who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), demographic factors, pertinent comorbidities, and a structured histopathologic report of 13 variables were compared across pediatric and adult CRS patients with and without nasal polyps (pCRSwNP, pCRSsNP, aCRSwNP, aCRSsNP, respectively).ResultsA total of 378 adult (181 aCRSsNP, 197 aCRSwNP) and 50 pediatric (28 pCRSsNP, 22 pCRSwNP) patients were analyzed. Significantly more children compared with adults had a comorbid asthma diagnosis (64.5% vs. 37.2%, p = 0.003). Adults with CRS exhibited significantly more tissue neutrophilia (28.9% vs. 12.0%, p = 0.006), basement membrane thickening (70.3% vs. 44.0%, p < 0.001), subepithelial edema (61% vs. 30.0%, p < 0.001), squamous metaplasia (22.0% vs. 4.0%, p < 0.001), and eosinophil aggregates (22.8% vs. 4.0%, p < 0.001) than children with CRS. The majority (66.5%) of adult CRS patients exhibited a lymphoplasmacytic‐predominant inflammatory background, whereas the majority (57.8%) of children with CRS exhibited a lymphocyte‐predominant inflammatory background.ConclusionsSinonasal tissue of adult and pediatric CRS patients demonstrates clear histopathologic differences. Our findings provide insight into differing pathophysiology, which may enable optimization of targeted therapies for patients in each of these unique clinical groups.
Development of a petal protoplast transfection system for Sinningia speciosa
Authors: Pan Zhao‐Jun , Hung Yu‐Ling , Chen Tsun‐Ying , Shih Yu‐An , Lin Ying‐Chung Jimmy , Wang Chun‐Neng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPremiseTransient gene expression systems are powerful tools for studying gene interactions in plant species without available or stable genetic transformation protocols. We optimized a petal protoplast transformation protocol for Sinningia speciosa, a model plant, to study the development of floral symmetry.Methods and ResultsA high yield of petal protoplasts was obtained using a 6‐h enzyme digestion in a solution of 1.5% cellulase and 0.4% macerozyme. Modest transfection efficiency (average 41.4%) was achieved. The viability of the transfected protoplasts remained at more than 90%. A fusion of green fluorescent protein and CYCLOIDEA (SsCYC), the Teosinte branched 1/Cincinnata/Proliferating cell factor transcription factor responsible for floral symmetry, was subcellularly localized inside the nuclei of the protoplasts. Transiently overexpressing SsCYC indicates the success of this system, which resulted in the predicted increased (but nonsignificant) expression of its known target RADIALIS (SsRAD1), consistent with gene network expectations.ConclusionsThe transient transfection system presented herein can be effectively used to study gene‐regulatory interactions in Gesneriaceae species.
Development of functional glow‐in‐the‐dark photoluminescence linen fabrics with ultraviolet sensing and shielding
Authors: Ahmed Esraa , Maamoun Dalia , Hassan Talaat M. , Khattab Tawfik A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLinen fibres were coated with a glow‐in‐the‐dark photoluminescence, flame‐retarding, and hydrophobic smart nanocomposite using the pad‐dry‐curing process. Ecologically friendly ammonium polyphosphate and lanthanide‐activated strontium aluminium oxide (LSAO) nanoparticles were immobilized into linen fabric using eco‐friendly room‐temperature‐vulcanizing silicone rubber. Different analytical techniques were used to examine the morphological characteristics and elemental compositions of LSAO nanoparticles and treated linen textiles. The self‐extinguishing properties of the treated linen textiles were tested for their fire resistance. After 24 washing cycles, the coated linen samples retained their flame‐retarding properties. The treated linen's superhydrophobicity rose in direct proportion to the LSAO concentration. After being excited at 365 nm, the colourless luminescent film that was coated on linen surface gave out an emission wavelength of 519 nm. The photoluminescent linen was monitored to create a range of different colours, including off‐white in daytime light and green under ultraviolet (UV) light radiation, according to the Commission Internationale de l'éclairage laboratory colorimetric coordinates and photoluminescence spectra. Emission, excitation, and lifetime spectral analysis of the treated linen revealed persistent phosphorescence. For mechanical and comfort evaluation, the coated linen textiles' bending length and air permeability were assessed. Good UV light shielding and enhanced antibacterial activity were detected in the treated linens.
Dose‐dependent dominance: How cell densities design stromal cell functions during soft tissue healing
Authors: Kuhn Philipp , Bubel Monika , Jennewein Martina , Guthörl Silke , Pohlemann Tim , Oberringer Martin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRegular soft tissue healing relies on the well‐organized interaction of different stromal cell types with endothelial cells. However, spatiotemporal conditions might provoke high densities of one special stromal cell type, potentially leading to impaired healing. Detailed knowledge of the functions of rivaling stromal cell types aiming for tissue contraction and stabilization as well as vascular support is mandatory. By the application of an in vitro approach comprising the evaluation of cell proliferation, cell morphology, myofibroblastoid differentiation, and cytokine release, we verified a density‐dependent modulation of these functions among juvenile and adult fibroblasts, pericytes, and adipose‐derived stem cells during their interaction with microvascular endothelial cells in cocultures. Results indicate that juvenile fibroblasts rather support angiogenesis via paracrine regulation at the early stage of healing, a role potentially compromised in adult fibroblasts. In contrast, pericytes showed a more versatile character aiming at angiogenesis, vessel stabilization, and tissue contraction. Such a universal character was even more pronounced among adipose‐derived stem cells. The explicit knowledge of the characteristic functions of stromal cell types is a prerequisite for the development of new analytical and therapeutic approaches for impaired soft tissue healing. The present study delivers new considerations concerning the roles of rivaling stromal cell types within a granulation tissue, pointing to extraordinary properties of pericytes and adipose‐derived stem cells.
Unmasking of a significant left main stenosis in a patient with high left ventricular pressures
Authors: Mennuni Marco G. , Solli Martina , Galiffa Vincenzo , Patti Giuseppe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs identification of left main (LM) stenoses has prognostic and therapeutic relevance, a precise anatomic and/or functional characterization of angiographically intermediate LM stenoses, by using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and fractional flow reserve (FFR) respectively, is crucial (1). However, increased left ventricular (LV) pressures might affect FFR measurements (2). Here we describe the case of a patient with chronic coronary syndrome and severe LV dysfunction in whom coronary angiography revealed an intermediate LM stenosis and catheterization identified an increased LV end‐diastolic pressure. FFR measurement showed disproportionally higher FFR values compared with the minimal luminal area assessed by IVUS. When cardiac output was artificially augmented by using Impella for assisting percutaneous coronary intervention, the value of FFR measurement turned out proportional to what expected for the degree of anatomical stenosis. This discrepancy between anatomic and functional measurement may be a sign of coronary autoregulation dysfunction and therefore could help to identify high‐risk patients in whom the use of a mechanical support device is more beneficial during percutaneous revascularization.
Mechanistic and Kinetic Investigations of ON/OFF (Photo)Switchable Binding of Carbon Monoxide by Chromium(0), Molybdenum(0) and Tungsten(0) Carbonyl Complexes with a Pyridyl‐Mesoionic Carbene Ligand
Authors: Boden Pit J. , Di Martino‐Fumo Patrick , Bens Tobias , Steiger Sophie T. , Marhöfer Daniel , Niedner‐Schatteburg Gereon , Sarkar Biprajit 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis work tackles the photochemistry of a series of mononuclear Cr0, Mo0 and W0 carbonyl complexes containing a bidentate mesoionic carbene ligand of the 1,2,3‐triazol‐5‐ylidene type. FTIR spectroscopy, combined with density functional theory calculations, revealed a clean photo‐induced reaction in organic solvents (acetonitrile, pyridine, valeronitrile) to give mainly one photoproduct with monosubstitution of a carbonyl ligand for a solvent molecule. The highest photodissociation quantum yields were reached for the Cr0 complex under UV irradiation (266 nm). Based on previous investigations, the kinetics of the dark reverse reactions have now been determined, with reaction times of up to several hours in pyridine. Photochemical studies in the solid state (KBr matrix, frozen solution) also showed light‐induced reactivity with stabilization of the metastable intermediate with a free coordination site at very low temperature. The identified reactive species emphasizes a mechanism without ligand–sphere reorganization.
Controlled Modification of Axial Coordination for Transition‐Metal Single‐Atom Electrocatalyst
Authors: Liu Xiangjian , Liu Yarong , Yang Wenxiu , Feng Xiao , Wang Bo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged as a new frontier in areas such as electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and enzymatic catalysis. Aided by recent advances in the synthetic methodologies of nanomaterials, atomic characterization technologies, and theoretical calculation modeling, various SACs have been prepared for a variety of catalytic reactions. To meet the requirements of SACs with distinctive performance and appreciable selectivity, much research has been carried out to adjust the coordination configuration and electronic properties of SACs. This concept summarizes the latest advances in the experimental and computational efforts aimed at tuning the axial coordination of SACs. Series of atoms, functional groups or even macrocycles are oriented into the atomic metal center, and how this affects the electrocatalytic performance is also reviewed. Finally, this concept presents perspectives for the further precise design, preparation and in‐situ detection of axially coordinated SACs.
Use of an online learning environment in face‐to‐face and distance learning – comparison of system usability and opinion on teaching
Authors: Schmitt Mark‐Tilo , Pietzner Verena 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTrotz der bereits 2017 formulierten Strategie „Bildung in der digitalen Welt“ und dem Ziel der Kultusministerkonferenz, digitale Lernumgebungen im Unterricht einzubinden, zeigten Studienergebnisse der vergangenen Jahre, gerade während der COVID‐19‐Pandemie, dass zwischen dem Ziel einer fundierten Digitalisierung im Unterricht und der Unterrichtspraxis eine Diskrepanz besteht. In Anbetracht dieses Defizits wurde eine Online‐Lernumgebung zur Einführung des differenzierten Atommodells entwickelt, in der Praxis erprobt und evaluiert. Der Einsatz erfolgte sowohl im Präsenz‐ als auch im Distanzunterricht. Die erhobenen Daten zur Benutzerfreundlichkeit und zur Meinung zum Unterricht mit der Lernumgebung zeigen signifikante, geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede.
ZuKon 2030 – a learning scenario on the 17 sustainable development goals
Authors: Karayel Ceren Ester , Krug Manuel , Barth Catherine , Hoffmann Luisa , Huwer Johannes 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNachhaltigkeit ist eines der zentralen Themen der heutigen Gesellschaft. Zunehmend in den Fokus rückt dabei die 2015 von den Vereinten Nationen verabschiedete Agenda 2030 mit ihren 17 globalen Nachhaltigkeitszielen, die aus den Bereichen Ökologie, Ökonomie und Soziales stammt. Der Workshop „ZuKon 2030“ stellt ein interdisziplinär ausgerichtetes Lernangebot zu diesem thematischen Inhaltsfeld dar und richtet sich an die Zielgruppe der Schüler:innen der 8. bis 10. Jahrgangsstufe. In diesem Beitrag wird die Konzeption des Workshops exemplarisch anhand von zwei Modulen sowie ein Auszug aus den Evaluationsergebnissen vorgestellt.
Evaluating sustainability by means of assessment levels – a systematic approach of science teaching
Authors: Banse Carolin , Marohn Annette 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDie Bewertung der Nachhaltigkeit einer Maßnahme – z. B. der Förderung der Elektromobilität – erfordert eine differenzierte Betrachtung aus verschiedenen Perspektiven. Hier setzt das Unterrichtskonzept „nachhaltig ⁝ bewerten“ für die Sekundarstufe I an, das einen Beitrag zur Förderung von Bewertungskompetenzen im Kontext der Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung leisten soll. Im Zentrum steht das methodische Instrument der „Bewertungsscheibe“. Diese visualisiert zum einen die drei Nachhaltigkeitsdimensionen Umwelt, Soziales und Wirtschaft; zum anderen gibt sie drei Bewertungsebenen vor: Wo wirkt sich die Maßnahme aus (global oder nur lokal)? Wie lange wirkt sie sich aus (langfristig oder nur kurzfristig)? Welche Interessensgruppen sind davon betroffen (viele Gruppen oder nur eine Gruppe)? Die Bewertungsscheibe verdeutlicht damit einerseits die Komplexität der Bewertungssituation, strukturiert und erleichtert jedoch andererseits den Bewertungsprozess durch die Vorgabe von Kriterien: Eine Maßnahme gilt dann als besonders nachhaltig, wenn sie in allen drei Nachhaltigkeitsdimensionen global, langfristig und für viele Gruppen einen Nutzen zeigt.
AR in science education – an AR based teaching‐learning scenario in the field of teacher education
Authors: Krug Manuel , Czok Valerie , Müller Sascha , Weitzel Holger , Huwer Johannes , Kruse Stefan , Müller Wolfgang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMit Augmented Reality angereicherte Lehr‐Lernsettings gewinnen sowohl im Schulfach Chemie als auch in anderen naturwissenschaftlichen Fächern immer mehr an Bedeutung. So erwähnen viele Publikationen die positiven Effekte solcher digital angereicherter Lehr‐Lernprozesse, geben jedoch nur selten darüber Auskunft, welche Eigenschaften der erweiterten Realität hierfür verantwortlich sind. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein Bewertungsraster vor, mit dessen Hilfe es ermöglicht wird, mit Augmented Reality angereicherte Lehr‐Lernsettings in Bezug auf medien‐ und fachdidaktische Aspekte hin zu bewerten. Des Weiteren wird eine exemplarische Darstellung der Umsetzung eines digital angereicherten Lehr‐Lernsettings im Kontext der Nachhaltigkeitsbildung vorgestellt.
Hello future! Printed electronics as a hands‐on‐experiment for teaching science in high schools and universities
Authors: Halbrügge Lena , Banerji Amitabh , Meerholz Klaus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGedruckte Elektronik ist nicht nur ein aufstrebendes Forschungsfeld, sie wird in naher Zukunft auch eine wesentliche Rolle in unserem Alltag spielen. Gedruckte, elektronische Bauteile können sehr dünn und flexibel sein und somit vielfältig eingesetzt werden. Für die Implementation in der (Hoch‐)Schule haben die Autoren eine flexible, lichtemittierende Folie entwickelt, die mit einfachen Materialien und Methoden manuell gedruckt werden kann.
Comparison of parallel central processing unit‐ and graphics processing unit‐based implementations of greedy string tiling algorithm for source code plagiarism detection
Authors: Mišić Marko J. , Tomašević Milo V. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryMassive‐enrollment computing courses often involve some practical training through programming assignments and projects that are frequent targets for plagiarism. Source code similarity detection tools are used to prevent such misbehavior. Parallel processing has recently become a viable technique for speeding up the processing of large workloads. This article examines the parallelization of a source code similarity detection method based on the greedy string tiling and Karp–Rabin algorithms. Both CPU and GPU parallelization approaches are discussed. The CPU implementation uses Pthreads, whereas the GPU implementation employs CUDA. Depending on the evaluated dataset which consists of real student assignment codes, speedups of up to seven times over the sequential version of the code are achieved. Evaluation results on both platforms are compared and discussed in detail.
Papaverine, a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of COVID‐19 patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)
Authors: Valipour Mehdi , Irannejad Hamid , Emami Saeed 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe causative agent of coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), enters the host cells via an angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)‐mediated endocytosis‐dependent manner. Because ACE2 is highly expressed in the heart, SARS‐CoV‐2 can severely infect heart tissue and arteries, causing acute and chronic damage to the cardiovascular system. Therefore, special attention should be paid to finding appropriate agents to protect this vital system during COVID‐19 treatment. Papaverine is a unique vasodilator alkaloid that is clinically used in the treatment of vasospasm. Interestingly, this compound has potent and direct effects on a wide range of viruses, and could also prevent viral exploitation mechanisms of the host cell facilities by inhibiting some cellular signaling pathways such as p38 MAPK. This pathway was recently introduced as a promising target for the treatment of COVID‐19. Papaverine also has anti‐inflammatory effects which is useful in combating the hyper‐inflammatory phase of the COVID‐19. Unlike some medications that have severe dosage‐restrictions in the treatment of COVID‐19 due to cardiac side effects, papaverine is recommended for use in many heart disorders. The ability of papaverine to treat COVID‐19 has become more promising when the results of some extensive screenings showed the strong ability of this compound to inhibit the cytopathic effects of SARS‐CoV‐2 with EC50 of 1.1 μM. Having several therapeutic effects along with desired safety profile raises this hypothesis that papaverine could be a promising compound for the suppression of SARS‐CoV‐2 and prevention of ischemia/vasoconstriction‐related complications in COVID‐19 disease, especially in patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
Phosphorylation of serine residuesS252,S268/S269, andS879in p120 catenin activates migration of presomitic mesoderm in gastrulating zebrafish embryos
Authors: Kupai Ariana , Nakahara Hiroko , Voss Kathleen M. , Hirano Matthew S. , Rodriguez Alexis , Lackey Donna L. , Murayama James F. , Mathieson Chase J. , Shan Botao , Horton Emma C. , Curtis Grace H. , Huang Joyce , Hille Merrill B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCadherin‐associated protein p120 catenin regulates cell adhesion and migration in cell cultures and is required for axial elongation in embryos. Its roles in adhesion and cell migration are regulated by phosphorylation. We determined the effects of phosphorylation of six serine and three threonine residues in p120 catenin during zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryogenesis.ResultsWe knocked down endogenous p120 catenin‐δ1 with an antisense RNA‐splice‐site morpholino (Sp‐MO) causing defects in axis elongation. These defects were rescued by co‐injections of mRNAs for wildtype mouse p120 catenin‐δ1‐3A or various mutated forms. Several mRNAs containing serine or threonine codons singly or doubly mutated to phosphomimetic glutamic acid rescued, and some nonphosphorylatable mutants did not.ConclusionsWe discovered that phosphorylation of serine residue S252 or S879 is required for convergent extension of zebrafish embryos, since rescue occurred only when these residues were mutated to glutamic acid. In addition, the phosphorylation of either S268 or S269 is required, not both, consistent with the presence of only a single one of these residues in two isoforms of zebrafish andXenopus laevis. In summary, phosphorylation of multiple serine and threonine residues of p120 catenin activates migration of presomitic mesoderm of zebrafish embryos facilitating elongation of the dorsal axis.
Direct development of the catfish pectoral fin: An alternative pectoral fin pattern of teleosts
Authors: Shkil Fedor , Kapitanova Daria , Borisov Vasily , Veretennikov Nikolay , Roux Natacha , Laudet Vincent 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe study of the teleosts' pectoral fin development touches on many crucial issues of evolutionary biology, from the formation of local adaptations to the tetrapod limbs' origin. Teleosts' pectoral fin is considered a rather developmentally and anatomically conservative structure. It displays larval and adult stages differing in the skeletal and soft tissues' composition. Larva‐adult transition proceeds under the thyroid hormone (TH) control that defines pectoral fin ontogeny as an indirect development. However, the outstanding diversity of teleosts allows suggesting the existence of lineage specific developmental patterns.ResultsWe present a description of the North African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, pectoral fin development. It lacks a clear larval stage and directly develops the adult skeleton with the associated musculature and innervation. Interestingly, the development of catfish pectoral fin appears not to be under the TH dependence.ConclusionThis catfish displays a direct pectoral fin developmental trajectory differing from the stereotyped teleost pattern. In the absence of the larval endoskeletal disk and TH control, the catfish's proximal radials arise in a manner somewhat similar to the metapterygial radials in basal actinopterygians and humerus in sarcopterygians. Thus, the catfish fin pattern seems homoplastic, arising by convergence with, or reversion to the ancestral developmental mechanisms.