bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microtransplantation Improves the Outcome of Older Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: a Single-centre Study With Long-term Follow-up
Authors: Liu Juan , Huang Xiao-mei , Zhao Si-yuan , Yang Ya-kun , Qu Yuan-yuan , Zhao Jin-na , Lv Pan-pan , Yang Chao , Sun Wan-jun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This retrospective single-centre study was to validate the efficacy and safety of microtransplantation (or micro-stem cell transplantation, MST) in the treatment of older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods: MST combines chemotherapy and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched peripheral blood stem cell infusion without graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. In total, 26 newly diagnosed AML patients were enrolled in our study from April 2008 to April 2018. The deadline date of follow-up was December 31, 2019. All of them received MST. Patients were divided into 2 age groups: 60~70 years (n=17) and >70 years (n=9). The outcomes of complete remission (CR) rate, overall survival (OS), leukemia free survival (LFS), hematopoietic recovery time, and treatment related toxicities were analyzed and summarized in this study.Results: 10 patients were still alive with complete remission (CR) at the deadline date, and the median overall survival (OS) was 64 months (range, 21-135 months). The CR, relapse and nonrelapse mortality rates were 84.6%, 38.5% and 30%, respectively. Both OS (p < 0.0001) and leukaemia free survival (LFS) (p < 0.0001) were significantly higher in the younger group than in the older group. The median times of neutrophil and platelet recovery were 12 days and 14 days, respectively. Conclusions: These data showed that MST could be an alternative treatment for older AML patients.
Monthly Average Rainfall Forecasting Based On An Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System in Upper Brahmani Basin, Odisha, India
Authors: Rao M.Uma Maheswar , Patra Kanhu Charan , Sasmal Suvendu Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Floods disrupt human activities, resulting in the loss of lives and property of a region. Excessive rainfall is one of the reasons for flooding, especially in the downstream areas of a catchment. Because of its complexity, understanding and forecasting rainfall is incredibly a challenge. This study investigates the use of an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) in predicting rainfall using several surface weather parameters as predictors. An ANFIS model is developed for forecasting rainfall over the Upper Brahmani Basin by using 30 years of climate data. A hybrid model with six membership functions gives the best forecast for an area. The suggested method blends neural network learning capabilities with language representations of fuzzy systems that are transparent. The application of ANFIS is to the upper Brahmani river basin is tried for the first time. The ANFIS model with various input structures and membership functions has been built, trained, and tested to evaluate the capability of the model. Statistical performance indices are used to evaluate the performance. Using the developed model, forecast is done for year 2021 – 2030.
Comprehensive Analysis on the Hydrologic Alteration and Causes of River Runoff in Min River of the Yangtze River, China
Authors: Guo Wenxian , Zhou Haotong , Jiao Xuyang , Zhu Yongwei , Wang Hongxiang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The construction of water conservancy projects has changed the hydrological situation of rivers and has an essential impact on the river ecosystem. The influence modes of different factors on runoff alteration are discussed to improve the development and utilization of water resources and promote ecological benefits. The ecological, hydrological index change range method (IHA-RVA) and hydrological alteration degree method were comprehensively used to evaluate Min River's hydrological situation. Based on six budyko hypothesis formulas, the contribution rates of climate change and human activities to runoff change are quantitatively analyzed. The study showed that the runoff of Min River basin showed a significant decreasing trend from 1960 to 2019 and a sudden alteration around 1993; The overall alteration in runoff conditions was 45% moderate, and the overall alteration in precipitation was 37% moderate; Precipitation and potential evapotranspiration also showed a decreasing trend within the same period, but the overall trend was not significant; The contribution of climate alteration to runoff alteration is 30.2%, and the contribution of human activities to runoff alteration is 69.8%, human activities are the dominant factor affecting the alteration of runoff situation in Min River basin.
Is SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant causing different symptoms?
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Mattiuzzi Camilla , Henry Brandon M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Since preliminary evidence suggests that the new SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant may cause different symptoms and trigger outbreaks associated with less severe illness compared to previous strains, we conducted and infodemic analysis to verify these suppositions.Methods: We searched Google Trends using the most frequent COVID-19 symptoms, with “United Kingdom” country option and search periods “20-26 December 2020” (predominance of Alpha variant) and “19-25 December 2021” (Omicron prevalence >80%).Results: Seven symptoms (i.e., conjunctivitis, chills, cough, aches, fever, nausea and sore throat) appeared to be more searched in 2021 compared to 2020 (i.e., >15% increase), five symptoms (i.e., anosmia, tiredness, ageusia, sneezing and shortness of breath) were found to be less searched in 2021 compared to 2020 (i.e., >15% decrease), whilst the number of Google searches for headache, diarrhea and runny nose were almost comparable between the two periods (i.e., <15% variation).Conclusion: Actual predominance of Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant in UK is associated with higher number of Google searches for mild symptoms (conjunctivitis, chills, cough, aches and fever), accompanied by considerable lower interest for a severe clinical sign like shortness of breath, which characterizes lower respiratory tract infection.
Evaluation of the Anticonvulsant Activities of Gastrodia Elata Bl.- Acorus Tatarinowii Decoction on Experimentally Induced Seizures in Mice
Authors: He Xirui , Yang Yan , Yuan Xufang , Sun Yin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Epilepsy is a serious public health problem in the world. At present, the effect of drug treatment of epilepsy is are not satisfactory. Medicinal plants as pharmaceuticals and for healthcare treatments in the management of epilepsy in China for many centuries. Especially, Gastrodia elata Bl.-Acorus tatarinowii, as a classic and important herb pairs in folk medicine, has been used in folk medicine to control seizures. However, the animal experiment data of its anticonvulsant effect is limited in the literature. The objective of this study was to mainly analyze the anticonvulsant activity of Gastrodia elata-Acorus tatarinowii (GEAT) decoction in maximal electroshock (MES), pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and trimercaptopropionic acid (3-MP) induced seizures in mice, providing scientific basis for the treatment of convulsive disorders in traditional medicine. In addition, the improvement effect were examined on seizure severity, anxiety, cognitive dysfunction, inflammation and oxidative stress in PTZ kindled mice. The results showed that GEAT decoction dose-dependently protected mice against MES, 3-MP and PTZ induced acute seizures. Meanwhile, GEAT decoction ameliorated seizure severity, decreased the accumulation of inflammatory mediators TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, mitigated oxidative stress, as well as alleviated anxious-like behavior and cognitive deficits in PTZ-kindled mice. Our data evidenced that the anticonvulsant properties attributed to GEAT decoction as adjunctive therapy for epileptic patients in folk medicine.
How Large Fraction of A Population Must be Vaccinated before A Disease is Controlled?
Authors: Halamicek Robin , Schubert Dirk W , Nilsson Fritjof 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has already caused more than 5 million casualties despite hard restrictions and relatively high vaccine coverage in many countries. The crucial question is therefore, how large vaccination rate and how severe restrictions are required to terminate the spread of the decease, assuming that the vaccine efficiency and the basic reproduction ratio (R0) are known? To answer this question, a simple mathematical equation was developed to visualize the required vaccination level as function of vaccine efficiency, restriction efficiency and basic reproduction ratio (R0). In addition to the modelling study, Covid-19 data from Europe was collected during 19/11-26/11 (2021) to assess the relation between vaccination rate and incidence. The analysis indicates that a vaccination rate of ~92% (2 doses) is currently required to stop Delta (B.1.617.2) without severe restrictions, using the vaccines that are most common in Europe today. A third vaccine dose, improved vaccines, higher vaccination rates and/or stronger restrictions will be required to force Omicron (B.1.1.529) to expire without infecting a large fraction of the population.
Sinks for Plant Surplus Carbon Explain Several Ecological Phenomena
Authors: Prescott Cindy E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Plants engage in many processes and relationships that appear to be wasteful of the high-energy compounds that they produce through carbon fixation and photosynthesis. For example, living trees keep leafless tree stumps alive (i.e. respiring) and support shaded understory trees by sharing carbohydrates through root grafts or mycorrhizal fungal networks. Plants exude a variety of organic compounds from their roots and leaves, which support abundant rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbiomes. Some plants release substantial amounts of sugar via extra-floral nectaries, which enrich throughfall and alter lichen communities beneath the canopy. Large amounts of photosynthetically fixed carbon are transferred to root associates such as mycorrhizal fungi and N-fixing micro-organisms. In roots, some fixed C is respired through an alternative non-phosphorylating pathway that oxidizes excess sugar. Each of these processes is most prevalent when plants are growing under mild-to-moderate deficiencies or nutrients or water, or under high light or elevated atmospheric CO2. Under these conditions, plants produce more fixed carbon than they can use for primary metabolism and growth, and so have ‘surplus carbon’. To prevent cellular damage, these compounds must be transformed into other compounds or removed from the leaf. Each of the above phenomena represents a potential sink for these surplus carbohydrates. The fundamental ‘purpose’ of these phenomena may therefore be to alleviate the plant of surplus fixed C.
First Report on Co-isolation and Whole-genomic Characterization of Mammalian Orthorubulavirus 5 and Mammalian Orthoreovirus Type-3 From Domestic Pigs in India
Authors: Singh Fateh , Rajukumar Katherukamem , Senthilkumar Dhanapal , Venkatesh Govindarajulu , Srivast Deepali , Kombiah Subbiah , Jhade Sandeep Kumar , Singh Vijendra Pal 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
During a surveillance study to monitor porcine epidemic diarrohoea virus and transmissible gastroenteritis virus in India, a total of 1043 swine samples including faeces (n=264) and clotted blood (n=779) were collected and tested. Five samples (four faecal and one serum) showed cytopathic effects in Vero cells. Transmission electron microscopy of infective cell supernatant revealed the presence of two types of virions. Next generation sequencing (de novo) enabled complete genome assembly of Mammalian orthorubulavirus 5 (MRuV5; 15246 bp) and all 10 gene segments of Mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV; 22219 bp and 20512 bp). Genetic analysis of the MRuV5 revealed grouping of the Indian MRuV5 with those isolated from various mammalian species in South Korea and China, sharing more than 99% nucleotide identity. Deduced amino acid sequences of the HN, NP and F genes of MRuV5 isolates showed three (92L, 111R, 447H), two (86S, 121S) and two (139T, 246T) amino acid substitutions, respectively, compared to previously reported virus strains. The Indian MRV isolates were identified as MRV type-3 based on genetic analysis of S1 gene, showing the highest nucleotide identity (97.73%) with the MRV3 strain ZJ2013 isolated from pigs in China. Deduced amino acid sequences of MRV3 S1 gene revealed amino acid residues 198-204NLAIRLP, 249I, 340D, 419E known for sialic acid binding and neurotropism. We report the co-isolation and whole-genomic characterization of MRuV5 and MRV3 recorded incidentally for the first time from domestic pigs in India. It attracts attention to perform detailed surveillance studies and continuous monitoring of evolution and spread of emerging viruses, which may have pathogenic potential in animal and human hosts.
Multi-parametric PET/MRI With FDG and RGD for Enhanced Tumor Characterization of Patients With Cervical Cancer
Authors: Ahangari Sahar , Andersen Flemming Littrup , Hansen Naja Liv , Nøttrup Trine Jakobi , Berthelsen Anne Kiil , Kallehauge Jesper Folsted , Vogelius Ivan Richter , Kjaer Andreas , Hansen Adam Espe , Fischer Barbara Malene 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aim: ﻿The concept of personalized medicine has brought increased awareness to the importance of inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity for cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to explore simultaneous multi-parametric PET/MRI prior to chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer for characterization of tumors and tumor heterogeneity. Methods: Ten patients with histologically proven primary cervical cancer were examined with multi-parametric 68Ga-NODAGA-E[c(RGDyK)]2-PET/MRI for radiation treatment planning after diagnostic 18F-FDG-PET/CT. Standardized uptake values (SUV) of RGD and FDG, diffusion weighted MRI and the derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and pharmacokinetic maps obtained from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with the Tofts model (iAUC60, Ktrans, ve, and kep) were included in the analysis. The spatial relation between functional imaging parameters in tumors was examined by a correlation analysis and joint histograms at the voxel level. The ability of multi-parametric imaging to identify tumor tissue classes was explored using an unsupervised 3D Gaussian mixture model-based cluster analysis.Results: Functional MRI and PET of cervical cancers appeared heterogeneous both between patients and spatially within the tumors, and the relations between parameters varied strongly within the patient cohort. The strongest spatial correlation was observed between FDG uptake and ADC (median r=-0.7). There was moderate voxel-wise correlation between RGD and FDG uptake, and weak correlations between all other modalities. Distinct relations between the ADC and RGD uptake as well as the ADC and FDG uptake were apparent in joint histograms. A cluster analysis using the combination of ADC, FDG and RGD uptake suggested tissue classes which could potentially relate to tumor sub-volumes. Conclusion: A multi-parametric PET/MRI examination of patients with cervical cancer integrated with treatment planning and including estimation of angiogenesis and glucose metabolism as well as MRI diffusion and perfusion parameters is feasible. A combined analysis of functional imaging parameters indicates a potential of multi-parametric PET/MRI to contribute to a better characterization of tumor heterogeneity than the modalities alone. However, the study is based on small patient numbers and further studies are needed prior to the future design of individually adapted treatment approaches based on multi-parametric functional imaging.
Plasma Insulin/Erythrocytic Aldose Reductase Ratio as a Predictor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among Type II Diabetics and Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients
Authors: Abdel-Hamid Nabil , Sherif MH , Abdelhamid Moustafa , Samahy Asmaa Al 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a possible oncogenic progression during persistent hepatitis C-infection +/- type II diabetes mellitus (DM). To investigate the plasma insulin, erythrocytic aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) as possible predictive tools for HCC in hepatitis C-infected patients (HCV) +/- DM. Erythrocytes (RBCs) were adopted as a possible vehicle for pre-malignant variations being of short life span.
Methods
The study included 20 healthy control and 100 patients of 48–64 years old, divided into 5 equal groups as; type II DM, HCC, HCC with DM, DM- HCV infected and non-DM HCV infected. Plasma levels of AFP and insulin were measured.
Results
It showed an elevated AR, significant reduction of SDH in RBCs and plasma of DM patients. These values were greatly elevated among HCV, HCC, diabetic HCV, and diabetic HCC patients. All DM patients showed elevated insulin levels than normoglycemic controls.
Conclusion
The study substantiated the use of RBCs as a vehicle for early diagnostic markers better than plasma. We recommend the use of insulin/ erythrocytic AR ratio as a new laboratory marker for predicting HCC among type II diabetics or non-treated HCV-infected patients with control insulin/ erythrocytic AR ratio by each laboratory.
Virological Outcomes and Risk Factors for Non-suppression for Routine and Repeat Viral Load Testing After Enhanced Adherence Counselling During Viral Load Testing Scale-up in Zimbabwe: Analytic Cross-sectional Study Using Laboratory Data From 2014 to 2018.
Authors: Mhlanga Trudy Tholakele , Jacobs Bart K.M , Decroo Tom , Govere Emma , Bara Hilda , Chonzi Prosper , Sithole Ngwarai , Apollo Tsitsi , Damme Wim Van , Rusakaniko Simbarashe , Lynen Lutgarde , Makurumidze Richard 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSince the scale-up of routine viral load (VL) testing started in 2016, there is limited evidence on VL suppression rates under programmatic settings and groups at risk of non-suppression. We conducted a study to estimate VL non-suppression (> 1000 copies/ml) and its risk factors using "routine" and "repeat after enhanced adherence counselling" VL results.MethodsWe conducted an analytic cross-sectional study using secondary VL testing data collected between 2014 and 2018 from a centrally located laboratory. We analysed data from routine tests and repeat tests after an individual received enhanced adherence counselling. Our outcome was viral load non-suppression. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with having VL non-suppression for routine and repeat VL.ResultsWe analysed 103 609 VL test results (101 725 routine and 1884 repeat tests results) collected from the country's ten provinces. Of the 101 725 routine and 1884 repeat VL tests, 13.8% and 52.9% were non-suppressed, respectively. Only one in seven (1:7) of the non-suppressed routine VL tests had a repeat test after EAC. For routine VL tests; males (vs females, adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.19, [95% CI:1.14-1.24]) and adolescents (vs adults, aOR=3.11, [95%CI:2.9-3.31]) were more at risk of VL non-suppression. The patients who received care at the secondary level (vs primary, aOR=1.21, [95%CI:1.17-1.26]) and tertiary level (vs primary, aOR=1.63, [95%CI:1.44-1.85]) had a higher risk of VL non-suppression compared to the primary level. Those that started ART in 2014-2015 (vs <2010, aOR=0.83, [95%CI:0.79-0.88]) and from 2016 onwards (vs <2010, aOR=0.84, [95%CI:0.79-0.89]) had a lower risk of VL non-suppression. For repeat VL tests; young adults (vs adults, (aOR)=3.48, [95% CI 2.16 -5.83]), adolescents (vs adults, aOR=2.76, [95% CI:2.11-3.72]) and children (vs adults, aOR=1.51, [95%CI:1.03-2.22]) were at risk of VL non-suppression.ConclusionClose to 90% suppression in routine VL shows that Zimbabwe is on track to reach the third UNAIDS target. Strategies to improve the identification of clients with high routine VL results for repeating testing after EAC and ART adherence in subpopulations (men, adolescents and young adolescents) at risk of viral non-suppression should be prioritised.
Thermodynamic Analysis of a Jet Engine Using a Liquid Propellant
Authors: Alliche Mounir , Rebhi Redha , Inc Mustafa , Kidar Ali , Younes Menni , Ameur Houari , Lorenzini Giulio , Alsharif Sameer , Althobaiti Ahmed , Aly Ayman A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Combustion-chamber is a critical component of the propulsion engine, which is widelyused in the space industry and aeronautics. The goal of this article is to perform a numericalanalysis on the combustion process using a liquid-type propellant. The steps that must be followeduntil total combustion is achieved are emphasized. It concerns the fuel feeding phase, its injectionand the combustion operation. The amount of combustion products and the energy generated areevaluated. It has been shown that the liquid propellant may present an efficient alternative fuelthan the kerosene. In addition, the temperature of combustion does not exceed a certain limit toavoid structural problems in the chamber. The parametric survey allowed determining the range ofthe most influence factors, including the pressure, mixture richness, velocity and flow rates ofinjection for the fuel and oxidizer. The number and type of injectors revealed a considerableinfluence on the velocity and flow rates of injection. To maximize thrust force and systempropulsion, a careful selection of chamber material and ignition methods is required. A thorough inspection on the issues of walls cooling showed the necessary survey of maximum temperaturesthat may be reached during the combustion. Finally, an investigation of the thermal exchangethrough the walls will be very interesting.
A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Promoter of Porcine ARHGAP24 Gene Regulates Aggressive Behavior of Weaned Pigs After Mixing by Affecting the Binding of Transcription Factor P53
Authors: Xu Qinglei , Guo Yanli , Zhao Jing , Liu Mingzheng , Schinckel Allan P. , Zhou Bo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Weaned pigs often have more aggressive behavior after mixing, which has negative effects on animal welfare and growth performance. Identification of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to aggressive behavior of pigs would provide valuable molecular markers of aggressive behavioral trait for genetic improvement program. Rho GTPase Activating Protein 24 (ARHGAP24) gene plays an important role in regulating the process of axon guidance, which may impact aggressive behavior of pigs. Results: By re-sequencing the entire coding region, partially adjacent introns and the 5’ and 3’ flanking regions, 6 and 4 SNPs were identified in the 5’ flanking region and 5’ untranslated region (UTR) of porcine ARHGAP24 gene, respectively. Association analyses revealed that 9 SNPs were significantly associated with aggressive behavioral traits (P = < 1.00 × 10−4 - 4.51 × 10−2), and their haplotypes were significantly associated with aggressive behavior (P = < 1.00 × 10−4 - 2.99 × 10−2). The core promoter region of ARHGAP24 gene was identified between -670 bp and -1113 bp. Furthermore, the luciferase activity of allele A of rs335052970 was significantly less than that of allele G, suggesting the transcriptional activity of ARHGAP24 gene was inhibited by allele A of rs335052970. It was identified that the transcription factor p53 bound to the transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) containing allele A of rs335052970. In porcine primary neural cells, p53 bind to the target promoter region of ARHGAP24 gene, reduce its promoter transcriptional activity, and then reduce its messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression through axon guidance pathway.Conclusion: The results demonstrated that ARHGAP24 gene had significant genetic effects on aggressive behavioral traits of pigs. Therefore, rs335052970 in ARHGAP24 gene can be used as a molecular marker to select less aggressive pigs and improve animal welfare.