bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systolic Blood Pressure and Effects of Screening for Atrial Fibrillation With Long-Term Continuous Monitoring (a LOOP Substudy)
Authors: Xing Lucas Yixi , Diederichsen Søren Zöga , Højberg Søren , Krieger Derk W. , Graff Claus , Olesen Morten Salling , Brandes Axel , Køber Lars , Haugan Ketil Jørgen , Svendsen Jesper Hastrup 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Hypertension is a well-known risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF) and stoke, but data on the interaction between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and effects of AF screening are lacking.

Methods:
The LOOP Study randomized AF-naïve individuals aged 70 to 90 years with additional stroke risk factors to either screening with implantable loop recorder (ILR) and anticoagulation initiation upon detection of AF episodes ≥6 minutes, or usual care. In total, 5997 participants with available baseline SBP measurements were included in this substudy. Outcomes were analyzed according to the time-to-first-event principle using cause-specific Cox models.

Results:

The hazard ratio of stroke or systemic arterial embolism for ILR versus control decreased with increasing SBP. ILR screening yielded a 44% risk reduction of stroke or systemic arterial embolism among participants with SBP ≥150 mm Hg (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.56 [0.37–0.83]). Within the ILR group, SBP≥150 mm Hg was associated with a higher incidence of AF episodes ≥24 hours than lower SBP (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.70 [1.08–2.69]) but not with the overall occurrence of AF (adjusted
P
>0.05).

Conclusions:
The impact of AF screening on thromboembolic events increased with increasing blood pressure. SBP≥150 mm Hg was associated with a >1.5-fold increased risk of AF episodes ≥24 hours, along with an almost 50% risk reduction of stroke or systemic arterial embolism by ILR screening compared to lower blood pressure. These findings should be considered hypothesis-generating and warrant further study.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique Identifier: NCT02036450.
Perioperative Metabolites Are Associated With Adverse Neonatal Congenital Heart Disease Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Heibel Jessica , Graham Eric M. , Mahle William T. , Roux Aurelie , Graham David , Manlhiot Cedric , Everett Allen D. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Clinical risk factors in neonatal cardiac surgery do not fully capture discrepancies in outcomes. Targeted metabolomic analysis of plasma from neonates undergoing heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass was performed to determine associations with clinical outcomes.

Methods and Result
Samples and clinical variables from 149 neonates enrolled in the Corticosteroid Therapy in Neonates Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass trial with surgical treatment for congenital heart disease between 2012 and 2016 were included. Blood samples were collected before skin incision, immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass, and 12 hours after surgery. Outcomes include composite morbidity/mortality (death, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, cardiac arrest, acute kidney injury, and/or hepatic injury) and a cardiac composite (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, cardiac arrest, or increase in lactate level), hepatic injury, and acute kidney injury. Targeted metabolite levels were determined by high‐resolution tandem liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Principal component and regression analyses were used to assess associations between metabolic profiles and outcomes, with 2 models created: a base clinical model and a base model+metabolites. Of the 193 metabolites examined, 40 were detected and quantified. The first principal component, principal component 1, was composed mostly of preoperative metabolites and was significantly associated with the composite morbidity/mortality, cardiac composite, and hepatic injury outcomes. In regression models, individual metabolites also improved model performance for the composite morbidity/mortality, cardiac composite, and hepatic injury outcomes. Significant disease pathways included myocardial injury (false discovery rate, 0.00091) and heart failure (false discovery rate, 0.041).

Conclusions
In neonatal cardiac surgery, perioperative metabolites were associated with postoperative outcomes and improved clinical model outcome associations. Preoperative metabolite levels alone may improve risk models and provide a basis for optimizing perioperative care.
microRNA‐29a Regulates ADAM12 Through Direct Interaction With ADAM12 mRNA and Modulates Postischemic Perfusion Recovery
Authors: Lamin Victor , Verry Joseph , Dokun Olumayowa S. , Kronemberger Ana , Wong Thomas , Lira Vitor A. , Dokun Ayotunde O. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Peripheral artery disease is caused by atherosclerotic occlusion of vessels outside the heart and most commonly affects vessels of the lower extremities. Angiogenesis is a part of the postischemic adaptation involved in restoring blood flow in peripheral artery disease. Previously, in a murine hind limb ischemia model of peripheral artery disease, we identified ADAM12 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase gene 12) as a key genetic modifier of postischemic perfusion recovery. However, less is known about ADAM12 regulation in ischemia. MicroRNAs are a class of small, noncoding, single‐stranded RNAs that regulate gene expression primarily through transcriptional repression of messenger RNA (mRNA). We showed microRNA‐29a (miR‐29a) modulates ADAM12 expression in the setting of diabetes and ischemia. However, how miR‐29a modulates ADAM12 is not known. Moreover, the physiological effects of miR‐29a modulation in a nondiabetic setting is not known.

Methods and Results
We overexpressed or inhibited miR‐29a in ischemic mouse gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles, and quantified the effect on perfusion recovery, ADAM12 expression, angiogenesis, and skeletal muscle regeneration. In addition, using RNA immunoprecipitation–based anti‐miR competitive assay, we investigated the interaction of miR‐29a and ADAM12 mRNA in mouse microvascular endothelial cell, skeletal muscle, and human endothelial cell lysates. Ectopic expression of miR‐29a in ischemic mouse hind limbs decreased ADAM12 mRNA expression, increased skeletal muscle injury, decreased skeletal muscle function, and decreased angiogenesis and perfusion recovery, with no effect on skeletal muscle regeneration and myofiber cross‐sectional area following hind limb ischemia. RNA immunoprecipitation–based anti‐miR competitive assay studies showed miR‐29a antagomir displaced miR‐29a and ADAM12 mRNA from the AGO‐2 (Argonaut‐2) complex in a dose dependent manner.

Conclusions
Taken together, the data show miR‐29a suppresses ADAM12 expression by directly binding to its mRNA, resulting in impaired skeletal muscle function, angiogenesis, and poor perfusion. Hence, elevated levels of miR‐29a, as seen in diabetes and aging, likely contribute to vascular pathology, and modulation of miR‐29a could be a therapeutic target.
THE CRIME OF INSULTING RELIGIOUS VALUES IN THE TURKISH PENAL CODE (TPC 216/3)
Authors: KAN Celal Hakan 
Published: August 2022

Hate speech is a type of expression that results from people's inability to tolerate and tolerate certain characteristics of each other in society, such as religion, belief, and race. Such statements are one of the obstacles to the growth of a democratic society that dynamites the society's peace and serenity over time, if not in a short time. When it comes to expressions that can be classified as hate speech, the state's positive obligations in terms of protecting the beliefs and convictions of other individuals of the impacted society will come into play. The Turkish Penal Code (TPC) has laws on the punishment of hate speech expressions in this regard (TPC). One of them is TPC 216/3 on the crime of insulting religious values. Based on this context, the expression of insulting religious values within the scope of hate speech in this study is to examine the elements of the crime of insulting religious values, which is also subject to the decisions of international supervisory bodies, within the scope of TPC 216/3, of the crime of insulting the religious values of a section of the population.
Keywords: Hate Speech, Insulting Religious Values, Insulting Religion.
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning for Complex Time Expression in
Clinical Text
Authors: Hu Danyang , Wang Meng , Gao Feng , Xu Fangfang , Gu Jinguang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Temporal information is pervasive and crucial in medical records and other clinical text, as it formulates the development process of medical conditions and is vital for clinical decision making. However, providing a holistic knowledge representation and reasoning framework for various time expressions in the clinical text is challenging. In order to capture complex temporal semantics in clinical text, we propose a novel Clinical Time Ontology (CTO) as an extension from OWL framework. More specifically, we identified eight time-related problems in clinical text and created 11 core temporal classes to conceptualize the fuzzy time, cyclic time, irregular time, negations and other complex aspects of clinical time. Then, we extended Allen's and TEO's temporal relations and defined the relation concept description between complex and simple time. Simultaneously, we provided a formulaic and graphical presentation of complex time and complex time relationships. We carried out empirical study on the expressiveness and usability of CTO using real-world healthcare datasets. Finally, experiment results demonstrate that CTO could faithfully represent and reason over 93% of the temporal expressions, and it can cover a wider range of time-related classes in clinical domain.
The Use of Visual Methods in a Study of Kindergarten Food Practices
Authors: Ciren Baizhen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Visual methods have been emphasised as alternative and complementary to traditional data collection methods in research with children and as useful tools in presenting conceptual and analytical frameworks. In their capacity to evoke the non-rational and material aspects of life, visual methods are also particularly beneficial in exploring everyday, taken for granted, institutional food practices. This article describes the way in which two sets of visual methods, namely representations and researcher-created data, were utilised within a study on a changing food practice in a Norwegian kindergarten. The representation is of a conceptual model, featuring Hedegaard’s cultural-historical wholeness approach and Fullan’s change model, which is visually presented. With this visualized conceptualisation, the study realises the goal of understanding the societal, institutional and individual perspectives in the change process. The researcher-created data included visual materials and video observations, exemplifying the change outcomes in relation to children’s experiences and participation in the “new” meal situation as well as their liking of, acceptance and consumption of the new food. This article concludes that the visual methods adopted are helpful both in conceptualisation and in data collection and generate important insights about the change of food practices.
Benefits of adrenal venous sampling with preoperative four-dimensional CT imaging
Authors: He Xi , Sueyoshi Eijun , Tasaki Yutaro , Miyazaki Shuhei , Murakami Tomonori , Nagayama Hiroki , Uetani Masataka 
Published: August 2022

Background The effects of adrenal venous sampling (AVS) may be limited by the anatomical variants of adrenal veins. Purpose To investigate the benefits of AVS for patients who underwent four-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) before AVS. Material and Methods We reviewed the images of contrast-enhanced four phase three-dimensional (3D) and 4D CT in patients who received AVS between February 2010 and February 2021. A total of 112 patients (59 women; mean age = 55.3  ± 11.8 years) were enrolled. Of the entire population, 49.1% (55/112) underwent 4D CT, whereas 50.9% (57/112) underwent 3D CT. The anatomical features of adrenal veins and procedural data were obtained. Simple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between imaging protocols and AVS. Results On comparison of the two groups, the 4D cohort had a higher success rate (98.2% vs. 78.9%; P = 0.001), shorter procedure and fluoroscopy time (73.6 ± 37.3 min vs. 110.5 ± 47.9 min; P < 0.001 and 28.7 ± 31.2 min vs. 97.4 ± 251.7 min; P = 0.047, respectively), lower radiation exposure (243.5 ± 315.5 mGycm2 vs. 613.4 ± 674.6 mGycm2; P < 0.001) and less contrast volume (46.2 ± 42.7 ml vs. 68.3 ± 47.4 ml vs; P = 0.014). In simple linear regression analysis, positive and negative identification of right adrenal vein before AVS significantly influenced the success rate (unstandardized coefficients [UC] = 0.304, standardized coefficients [SC] = 0.304; P = 0.001) and operation duration (UC = −46.124, SC = −0.318; P = 0.001). Conclusion Pre-procedural 4D CT may facilitate successful AVS. Compared with four-phase 3D CT, this protocol is better to shorten the operation and fluoroscopy time, and to reduce the radiation dose and contrast consumption.
Impact of digoxin utilization on clinical outcomes following left ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Abbasi Muhannad Aboud , Stoller Douglas A , Lyden Elizabeth , Lowes Brian D , Zolty Ronald , Lundgren Scott W 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: We aimed to assess the impact of digoxin use following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation on clinical outcomes. Methods: Patients implanted with continuous flow LVADs at a single academic medical center and survived to initial hospital discharge were included in the analysis ( n = 346). Clinical events were captured at a maximum of 2 years of follow up. Digoxin use was defined as 30-day continuous use post-LVAD. Negative binomial regression and Kaplan-Meier method were used to assess the association between digoxin use and clinical outcomes. Results: Mean age of the cohort was 56 years (±13) and 23% (79/346) were female sex. Digoxin was used in 144 patients (41.6%) for a median of 268 days (IQR 154, 616). Digoxin use was associated with a significant reduction in cumulative incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) (15% vs 26%, p = 0.004). After adjusting for age, hypertension, post-operative hemoglobin, RDW, potassium, and GFR, and use of angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor, there remained a significant 47% reduction in GIB incidence in patients treated with digoxin. There was no significant difference in cumulative incidence in right ventricular failure (RVF) between the two groups. There was no difference in overall 2-year survival between groups. Conclusions: Digoxin use was associated with reduction in GIB events, but not in RVF or mortality. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to investigate optimal timing and patient population.
Are salvage techniques safe and effective in the treatment of peritoneal dialysis catheter-related exit-site and tunnel infections? A systematic review and description of the authors’ preferred technique
Authors: Soon Joel Jia Yi , Ng Nick Zhi Peng , Lee Shaun Qing-Wei , Tan Seck Guan 
Published: August 2022

Background: Peritoneal dialysis catheter (PDC)-related infections account for significant morbidity, PD disruptions and costs. Patients with refractory exit-site or tunnel track infections without peritonitis may need catheter removal and reinsertion which can be complicated by bleeding, organ injury, catheter failure or malposition. Some patients may need to switch to haemodialysis in such a setting. An alternative is a salvage procedure. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of salvage techniques. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Medline and Scopus databases was performed from inception to December 2021 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. After a broad search, articles were stratified into two main categories for assessment: (1) cuff-shaving (CS) techniques and its variations of en-bloc resection (BR) and/or catheter diversion (CD) and (2) partial reimplantation with CD. Results: A total of 409 patients (445 salvage procedures) from 20 studies were included in analysis. Of 409 patients, 234 patients (57.2%) underwent 251 (56.4%) CS procedures and its variations, 163 patients (39.9%) underwent 182 (40.9%) partial PDC reimplantations with CD and 12 patients (2.7%) underwent local curettage. Overall PDC salvage rate after intervention was 73.2%. Overall PDC removal rate attributable to infection was 26.8%. Overall complication rate attributable to the procedures was 2.7%, with the most common complication being dialysate leakage ( n = 10) followed by PDC laceration ( n = 1) and subcutaneous haematoma ( n = 1). We also included a description of our technique of BR of infected tissue, CS and CD. In a series of six patients, the PDC salvage rate was 83.3% and median PDC survival after intervention was 10 months. Conclusion: PDC salvage techniques are relatively safe and provide reasonable catheter salvage rates in selected patients. Results of this review should lend weight to consideration of a salvage-first approach as an option in selected patients.
Dual therapy with an angiotensin receptor blocker and a JAK1/2 inhibitor attenuates dialysate-induced angiogenesis and preserves peritoneal membrane structure and function in an experimental CKD rat model
Authors: Zhang Pei , Miyata Kana N , Nast Cynthia C , LaPage Janine A , Mahoney Madisyn , Nguyen Sonny , Khan Kamran , Wu Qiaoyuan , Adler Sharon G , Dai Tiane 
Published: August 2022

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is limited by reduced efficacy over time. We previously showed that a Janus kinase 1/2 inhibitor (JAK1/2i) reduced inflammation, hypervascularity and fibrosis induced by 4.25% dextrose dialysate (4.25%D) intraperitoneally (IP) infused for 10 days in rats with normal kidney function. JAK/STAT signalling mediates inflammatory pathways, including angiotensin signalling. We now tested the effect of long-term JAK1/2i and/or an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) on peritoneal membrane (PM) in polycystic kidneys (PCK) rats infused with 4.25%D. Methods: Except for controls, all PCK rats had a tunnelled PD catheter: (1) no infusions; (2) 4.25%D; (3) 4.25%D + JAK1/2i (5 mg/kg); (4) 4.25%D +losartan (5 mg/kg); and (5) 4.25%D + losartan +JAK1/2i (5 mg/kg each) IP BID × 16 weeks ( N = 5/group). PM VEGFR2 staining areas and submesothelial compact zone (SMCZ) width were morphometrically measured. Peritoneal equilibration testing measured peritoneal ultrafiltration (UF) by calculating dialysate glucose at time 0 and 90 min (D/D0 glucose). Results: 4.25%D caused hypervascularity, SMCZ widening, fibrosis and UF functional decline in PCK rats. Angiogenesis was significantly attenuated by JAK1/2i ± ARB but not by ARB monotherapy. Both treatments reduced SMCZ area. UF was preserved consistently by dual therapy ( p < 0.05) but with inconsistent responses by monotherapies. Conclusion: Long-term JAK1/2i ± ARB reduced angiogenesis and fibrosis, and the combination consistently maintained UF. In clinical practice, angiotensin inhibition has been advocated to maintain residual kidney function. Our study suggests that adding JAK1/2i to angiotensin inhibition may preserve PM structure and UF.
An Assessment of the Psychosocial Evaluation for Early Liver Transplantation in Patients With Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis in the Context of Alcohol Use Disorder, a Case-Control Study
Authors: Dienstag Aryeh , Dienstag Penina , Mohan Kanwal , Mirza Omar , Schubert Elizabeth , Ford Laura , Edelman Margot , Im Gene , Shenoy Akhil 
Published: August 2022

Background: Severe acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH) has an extremely poor prognosis with a high short term mortality rate. As a result, many centers, including our own, have allowed transplant patients to be listed for transplantation prior to achieving 6-months of sobriety. Several scoring systems, designed to target patients with a minimal period of sobriety, have been proposed to identify patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), who would be predisposed to relapse after liver transplantation. We investigated whether these scoring systems corroborated the results of the non-structured selection criteria used by our center regarding decision to list for transplant. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study of 11 patients who underwent early liver transplantation for AAH matched with 11 controls who were declined secondary to low insight into AUD. Blinded raters confirmed the severity of the diagnosis of DSM-5 and scored the patients on a variety of structured psychometric scales used to predict alcohol relapse. These included the High Risk for Alcohol Relapse Scale (HRAR), Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment Tool (SIPAT), Alcohol Relapse Risk Assessment (ARRA), Hopkins Psychosocial Scale (HPSS), Michigan Alcoholism Prognosis Score (MAPS), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test -Consumption (AUDIT-C), and Sustained Alcohol Use Post-Liver Transplant (SALT) scales. All patients who underwent transplantation were followed for harmful and non-harmful drinking until the end of the study period. Results: The transplant recipients had significantly favorable MAPS, HRAR, SIPAT, ARRA, and HPSS scores with cutoffs that matched their previous research. The SALT and AUDIT-C scores were not predictive of our selection of patients for transplantation. Despite an expedited evaluation and no significant period of sobriety, our case cohort had a 30% relapse to harmful drinking after an average of 6.6 years (5-8.5 years) of follow-up. Discussion: Despite the rapid assessment and the short to no period of sobriety, the patient cohort demonstrated a 30% relapse to harmful drinking, consistent with the 20% to 30% relapse to drinking rate reported after liver transplantation for all forms of alcoholic liver disease. Average scores from MAPS, HRAR, SIPAT, ARRA, and HPSS corroborated our current stratification procedures, with lower mean risk scores found in the transplanted group. Conclusion: Patients with AUD and severe AAH who obtain new insight into their disease and posses other favorable psychosocial factors have low rates of AUD relapse post-liver-transplantation. The psychosocial selection criteria for patients with alcoholic hepatitis in our institution are consistent with 4 of the 5 scoring systems investigated in their prediction of sobriety post-transplant.