bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What are the odds? Identifying factors related to competitive success in powerlifting
Authors: van den Hoek Daniel J. , Owen Patrick J. , Garrett Joel M. , Howells Robert J. , Pearson Joshua , Spathis Jemima G. , Latella Christopher 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The ability for athletes to gain a competitive advantage over their opponents is well recognised. At times, this advantage may be considered a marginal gain. However, in the context of competition, marginal advantages may be the difference between winning and losing. This investigation explores how competition factors influence the odds of competitive success (i.e. winning) in powerlifting (PL) to assist athletes and coaches in achieving a competitive advantage.

Methods
A cross-sectional, retrospective analysis of competition data from raw/classic, Australian powerlifting competitions 2010–2019 was conducted. Data included 10,599 competition entries (males: n = 6567 [62%], females: n = 4032 [38%]). Independent t-tests were used to compare continuous data between sexes or winners and non-winners at an event. Cohen’s d and the 95% confidence interval (d [95% CI]) were calculated. Univariate odds of winning an event based on independent variables (age [irrespective of category], sex, body weight and weight of first lift attempt [regardless of success]), were assessed by separate simple logistic regression.

Results
When compared to males, the odds of winning for females were 50% greater (OR [95% CI] 1.500 [1.384, 1.625]; P < 0.001). Athletes who had larger first lift attempts (Squat: + 7.0 kg P < 0.001, Bench Press: + 3.2 kg P < 0.001, and Deadlift: + 6.1 kg P < 0.001and competed for a longer period (winners: 401 vs non-winners: 304 days, P < 0.001) had an increased likelihood winning. Age was associated with increased odds of success for males (OR [95% CI] 1.014 [1.009, 1.019], P < 0.001) per additional year of age for males, but not females (P = 0.509).

Conclusions
Multiple factors appear to contribute to the likelihood of winning a PL competition. These results may help coaches to develop competition and training strategies that optimise athletes’ likelihood of competitive success in PL.
Therapeutic bronchoscopy followed by sequential radiochemotherapy in the management of life-threatening tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Elhidsi Mia , Zaini Jamal , Ghanie Aziza , Huswatun Aida Lutfi , Beginta Romi , Mety Susan Hendriarini , Syahruddin Elisna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung is a distinctive salivary-gland-type malignant epithelial neoplasm that rarely presents as a primary tumor of the respiratory tract. Complete surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for adenoid cystic carcinoma. We present a case of large ACC tumors that caused severe central airway obstruction and were effectively treated with therapeutic bronchoscopy followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Case presentation
A 31-year-old Malay Indonesian female patient who was a nonsmoker and had no family history of cancer was admitted to the emergency ward because of worsening breathlessness accompanied by stridor since 1 week prior. Chest computed tomography revealed segmental atelectasis of the left lung; a mass on the left main bronchus, with infiltrates in segments 1, 2, and 3 of the left lung; and consolidation in the left inferior lobe, with narrowing of the main left bronchus. Lobulated masses obstructing almost the entire distal trachea up to the carina and the entire left main bronchus were found on bronchoscopy. Owing to the large tumors causing severe central airway obstruction, the medical team decided to perform central airway mass removal through rigid bronchoscopy. A neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser was used first to facilitate mass shrinkage. After the laser treatment, mechanical mass removal using a rigid scope was performed. The tracheal and carinal lumens were opened to > 50% of their diameter, with the left main bronchus lumen opened only slightly. After the treatment, the patient was stable, and no stridor was found. Adjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy and chemotherapy were performed after the therapeutic bronchoscopy. At the end of the entire treatment, reevaluation by thoracic computed tomography scan and bronchoscopy revealed no remaining mass.

Conclusions
In cases of nonresectable large adenoid cystic carcinoma tumors with life-threatening central airway obstruction, therapeutic bronchoscopy followed by sequential radiochemotherapy might achieve a complete response outcome.
Stroke recovery phenotyping through network trajectory approaches and graph neural networks
Authors: Krishnagopal Sanjukta , Lohse Keith , Braun Robynne 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStroke is a leading cause of neurological injury characterized by impairments in multiple neurological domains including cognition, language, sensory and motor functions. Clinical recovery in these domains is tracked using a wide range of measures that may be continuous, ordinal, interval or categorical in nature, which can present challenges for multivariate regression approaches. This has hindered stroke researchers’ ability to achieve an integrated picture of the complex time-evolving interactions among symptoms. Here, we use tools from network science and machine learning that are particularly well-suited to extracting underlying patterns in such data, and may assist in prediction of recovery patterns. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, we analyzed data from the NINDS tPA trial using the Trajectory Profile Clustering (TPC) method to identify distinct stroke recovery patterns for 11 different neurological domains at 5 discrete time points. Our analysis identified 3 distinct stroke trajectory profiles that align with clinically relevant stroke syndromes, characterized both by distinct clusters of symptoms, as well as differing degrees of symptom severity. We then validated our approach using graph neural networks to determine how well our model performed predictively for stratifying patients into these trajectory profiles at early vs. later time points post-stroke. We demonstrate that trajectory profile clustering is an effective method for identifying clinically relevant recovery subtypes in multidimensional longitudinal datasets, and for early prediction of symptom progression subtypes in individual patients. This paper is the first work introducing network trajectory approaches for stroke recovery phenotyping, and is aimed at enhancing the translation of such novel computational approaches for practical clinical application.
Role of microRNAs in regulation of WNT signaling pathway in urothelial and prostate cancers
Authors: Montazer Mehdi , Taghehchian Negin , Mojarrad Majid , Moghbeli Meysam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Urothelial cancer (UC) and prostate cancer (PCa) are the most common cancers among men with a high ratio of mortality in advanced-stages. The higher risk of these malignancies among men can be associated with higher carcinogens exposure. Molecular pathology of UC and PCa is related to the specific mutations and aberrations in some signaling pathways. WNT signaling is a highly regulated pathway that has a pivotal role during urothelial and prostate development and homeostasis. This pathway also plays a vital role in adult stem cell niches to maintain a balance between stemness and differentiation. Deregulation of the WNT pathway is frequently correlated with tumor progression and metastasis in urothelial and prostate tumors. Therefore, regulatory factors of WNT pathways are being investigated as diagnostic or prognostic markers and novel therapeutic targets during urothelial and prostate tumorigenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a pivotal role in WNT signaling regulation in which there are interactions between miRNAs and WNT signaling pathway during tumor progression. Since, the miRNAs are sensitive, specific, and noninvasive, they can be introduced as efficient biomarkers of tumor progression.

Main body
In present review, we have summarized all of the miRNAs that have been involved in regulation of WNT signaling pathway in urothelial and prostate cancers.

Conclusions
It was observed that miRNAs were mainly involved in regulation of WNT signaling in bladder cancer cells through targeting the WNT ligands and cytoplasmic WNT components such as WNT5A, WNT7A, CTNNB1, GSK3β, and AXIN. Whereas, miRNAs were mainly involved in regulation of WNT signaling in prostate tumor cells via targeting the cytoplasmic WNT components and WNT related transcription factors such as CTNNB1, GSK3β, AXIN, TCF7, and LEF1. MiRNAs mainly functioned as tumor suppressors in bladder and prostate cancers through the WNT signaling inhibition. This review paves the way of introducing a noninvasive diagnostic panel of WNT related miRNAs in urothelial and prostate tumors.
Applying Artificial Neural Networks to Develop a Decision Support Tool for Tis–4N0M0 Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
Authors: Nemoto Takafumi , Takeda Atsuya , Matsuo Yukinori , Kishi Noriko , Eriguchi Takahisa , Kunieda Etsuo , Kimura Ryusei , Sanuki Naoko , Tsurugai Yuichiro , Yagi Masamichi , Aoki Yousuke , Oku Yohei , Kimura Yuto , Han Changhee , Shigematsu Naoyuki 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE Clear evidence indicating whether surgery or stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is best for non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is lacking. SBRT has many advantages. We used artificial neural networks (NNs) to predict treatment outcomes for patients with NSCLC receiving SBRT, aiming to aid in decision making. PATIENTS AND METHODS Among consecutive patients receiving SBRT between 2005 and 2019 in our institution, we retrospectively identified those with Tis–T4N0M0 NSCLC. We constructed two NNs for prediction of overall survival (OS) and cancer progression in the first 5 years after SBRT, which were tested using an internal and an external test data set. We performed risk group stratification, wherein 5-year OS and cancer progression were stratified into three groups. RESULTS In total, 692 patients in our institution and 100 patients randomly chosen in the external institution were enrolled. The NNs resulted in concordance indexes for OS of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.79), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.60 to 0.75), and 0.69 (95% CI, 0.61 to 0.76) and area under the curve for cancer progression of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.84), 0.72 (95% CI, 0.60 to 0.83), and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.57 to 0.81) in the training, internal test, and external test data sets, respectively. The survival and cumulative incidence curves were significantly stratified. NNs selected low-risk cancer progression groups of 5.6%, 6.9%, and 7.0% in the training, internal test, and external test data sets, respectively, suggesting that 48% of patients with peripheral Tis–4N0M0 NSCLC can be at low-risk for cancer progression. CONCLUSION Predictions of SBRT outcomes using NNs were useful for Tis–4N0M0 NSCLC. Our results are anticipated to open new avenues for NN predictions and provide decision-making guidance for patients and physicians.
Defining Essential Childhood Cancer Medicines to Inform Prioritization and Access: Results From an International, Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Denburg Avram E. , Fundytus Adam , Khan Muhammad Saghir , Howard Scott C. , Antillon-Klussmann Federico , Sengar Manju , Lombe Dorothy , Hopman Wilma , Jalink Matthew , Gyawali Bishal , Trapani Dario , Roitberg Felipe , De Vries Elisabeth G. E. , Moja Lorenzo , Ilbawi André , Sullivan Richard , Booth Christopher M. 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSEAccess to essential cancer medicines is a major determinant of childhood cancer outcomes globally. The degree to which pediatric oncologists deem medicines listed on WHO's Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (EMLc) essential is unknown, as is the extent to which such medicines are accessible on the front lines of clinical care.METHODSAn electronic survey developed was distributed through the International Society of Pediatric Oncology mailing list to members from 87 countries. Respondents were asked to select 10 cancer medicines that would provide the greatest benefit to patients in their context; subsequent questions explored medicine availability and cost. Descriptive and bivariate statistics compared access to medicines between low- and lower-middle–income countries (LMICs), upper-middle–income countries (UMICs), and high-income countries (HICs).RESULTSAmong 159 respondents from 44 countries, 43 (27%) were from LMICs, 79 (50%) from UMICs, and 37 (23%) from HICs. The top five medicines were methotrexate (75%), vincristine (74%), doxorubicin (74%), cyclophosphamide (69%), and cytarabine (65%). Of the priority medicines identified, 87% (27 of 31) are represented on the 2021 EMLc and 77% (24 of 31) were common to the lists generated by LMIC, UMIC, and HIC respondents. The proportion of respondents indicating universal availability for each of the top medicines ranged from 9% to 46% for LMIC, 25% to 89% for UMIC, and 67% to 100% for HIC. Risk of catastrophic expenditure was more common in LMIC (8%-20%), compared with UMIC (0%-28%) and HIC (0%).CONCLUSIONMost medicines that oncologists deem essential for childhood cancer treatment are currently included on the EMLc. Barriers remain in access to these medicines, characterized by gaps in availability and risks of catastrophic expenditure for families that are most pronounced in low-income settings but evident across all income contexts.
Guidance to Support the Implementation of Specialized Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Care: A Qualitative Analysis of Cancer Programs
Authors: Haines Emily , Asad Sarah , Lux Lauren , Gan Hilary , Noskoff Kara , Kumar Bindu , Roggenkamp Betty , Salsman John M. , Birken Sarah 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE: The nearly 90,000 adolescents and young adults (AYAs) diagnosed with cancer in the United States yearly have tended to occupy a no-man's land between medical and pediatric oncology, often reporting that existing models of care are misaligned with their needs and preferences. Although guidelines for optimal AYA cancer care are increasingly available, the implementation of such standards has been varied. This may be in part due to a lack of guidance for implementing specialized AYA care. In this study, we leveraged an implementation science framework to identify barriers and generate practical guidance to inform the implementation of specialized AYA cancer care. METHODS: We conducted semistructured qualitative interviews, guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, with AYA care stakeholders (N = 32 from 14 cancer programs). Our multidisciplinary research team analyzed interview transcriptions using a template analysis approach and gleaned from interviews practical guidance for implementing specialized AYA care. RESULTS: Participants reported barriers to implementing specialized AYA care across all five Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains: (1) intervention characteristics (eg, costs), (2) inner setting (eg, difficulties in collaborating between pediatric and medical oncology), (3) outer setting (eg, patient-level barriers to participating in AYA services), (4) individual characteristics (eg, attitudes about AYA oncology), and (5) process (eg, lack of metrics for program evaluation). They also shared practical guidance for addressing these barriers. CONCLUSION: Emerging guidance on the core elements of AYA cancer care must be matched with guidance to support the implementation of specialized AYA care. This study contributes to the body of evidence available to inform future implementation efforts.
Distorted body image in women: Emotion focused training for self-compassion and self-protection as an effective instrument for its moderation
Authors: Baránková Martina , Sládkovičová Romana 
Published: June 2022

Aim of the studyDissatisfaction with one’s own body represents one of the main sources of suffering for women in various age categories. One of the potential factors reducing dissatisfaction with one’s own body is self-compassion. The aim of this study was to determine if a short-term two-week emotion focused training for self-compassion and self-protection, will reduce self-criticism in women, increase their self-compassion and improve satisfaction with their own body image.Subject or material and methodsThe research sample consisted of 64 women aged 18-55 years, mean age 31.73 yrs. (SD = 8.48), randomized into experimental and control group. Self-compassion, self-criticism and body shape dissatisfaction were measured before and after the intervention.ResultsData analysis indicated significant changes in the degree of self-compassion, self-criticism and dissatisfaction with body image on the part of the group undergoing intervention.DiscussionSimilarly as in previous research, emotion focused training for self-compassion and self-protection turned out to be the effective tool for increasing compassion, decreasing self-criticism and enhancing body dissatisfaction.ConclusionsThe study confirms the assertion that cultivating self-compassion can lower dissatisfaction with body image, and at the same time, it proves that cost-effective, distance intervention, without direct contact with a specialist, can be effective.
Concerns, attitudes and comparison of the COVID-19 impact epidemic on the mental state of medical and nonmedical employees
Authors: Podwalski Piotr , Szczygieł Krzysztof , Tyburski Ernest , Samochowiec Agnieszka , Samochowiec Jerzy 
Published: June 2022

Cel pracyPandemia wirusa SARS-CoV-2 aktualnie odgrywa znacząca rolę w codziennym funkcjonowaniu całego społeczeństwa. Jej wpływ na stan psychiczny ludzi nie został jeszcze w pełni poznany. W literaturze można spotkać się z badaniami zwracającymi uwagę na współwystępowanie stanu zagrożenia epidemiologicznego z zaburzeniami psychicznymi takimi jak zaburzenia depresyjne, zaburzenia lękowe, zaburzenia snu, czy uzależnienia. Podkreśla się wzrost ryzyka wystąpienia tych zaburzeń u personelu medycznego. Celem niniejszej pracy jest porównanie ujawniania się zaburzeń lękowych i depresyjnych oraz próba identyfikacji czynników wpływających na ich występowanie wśród pracowników systemu ochrony zdrowia i osób nie wykonujących zawodu medycznego.MetodaPrzeprowadzono badanie ankietowe z udziałem 921 osób przy użyciu skali Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Modified (HADS-M) oraz przygotowanej w tym celu ankiety oceniającej postawy badanych wobec epidemii.WynikiUzyskane wyniki pozwalają stwierdzić, że badane grupy nie różnią się w poziomie odczuwalnego lęku oraz poziomu depresyjności, jednak miały one inne postawy wobec epidemii. Zidentyfikowano szereg czynników zwiększających ryzyko ujawnienia się opisywanych zaburzeń. Pośród zawodów medycznych pielęgniarki są grupą zawodową szczególnie narażoną na wystąpienie zaburzeń lękowych.WnioskiEpidemia ma znaczący wpływ na dobrostan psychiczny człowieka. Poznanie czynników wpływających na wzrost ryzyka wystąpienia zaburzeń psychicznych i ich rozpowszechnienie w czasie epidemii może umożliwić identyfikację osób szczególnie zagrożonych ich wystąpieniem. Wiedza ta, wynikająca z eksploracji empirycznych, stanowi podstawę do wdrożenia działań profilaktycznych i terapeutycznych wśród osób dotkniętych zaburzeniami psychicznymi w czasie pandemii.
Peter Koch, A Man and His Legacy
Authors: “Dick” Baldwin Richard F. 
Published: June 2022

During 1973, Peter Koch joined Thomas Edison, Mme. Curie, the Wright Brothers and other “most deserving” men and women in receiving the John Scott Award. This award first given in 1822, recognizes those individuals “whose inventions have contributed in some outstanding way to the ‘comfort, welfare and happiness’ of mankind (The John Scott Award, 2017).”
Credited for the invention of the chipping headrig; Peter is best remembered as the renowned Chief Wood Scientist, Southern Forest Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service. He was a man on a mission linking basic wood research with innovative applications within the wood products industry. Best characterized as indefatigable; and a doer; he had a pace to match. He became a leading American authority on applied wood science.
Voting behavior during FDA Medical Device Advisory Committee panel meetings
Authors: Maisel-Campbell Amanda , Schlessinger Daniel I. , Yanes Arianna F. , Veledar Emir , Reynolds Kelly A. , Ibrahim Sarah A. , Kang Bianca Y. , Anvery Noor , Poon Emily , Alam Murad 
Published: June 2022

Objectives
During premarket review, the US Food and Drug Administration may ask its Medical Device Advisory Committee (MDAC) Panels to assess the safety and effectiveness of medical devices being considered for approval. The objective of this study is to assess the relationship, if any, between individual votes and Panel recommendations and: (1) the composition of Panels, specifically the expertise and demographic features of individual members; or (2) Panel members’ propensity to speak during Panel deliberations.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of routinely collected data from voting members of MDAC panels convened between January 2011 to June 2016 to consider premarket approval. Data sources were verbatim transcripts available publicly from the FDA. Number of words spoken, directionality of votes on device approval, profession, and demographics were collected.

Results
658,954 words spoken by 536 members during 49 meetings of 11 Panels were analyzed. Based on multivariate analysis, biostatisticians spoke more (+373 words; P = 0.0002), and women (-187 words; P = 0.0184) and other non-physician voting members less (-213 words; P = 0.0306), than physicians. Speaking more was associated with abstaining (P = 0.0179), and with voting against the majority (P = 0.0153). Non-physician, non-biostatistician members (P = 0.0109), and those having attended more meetings as a voting member (P = 0.0249) were more likely to vote against approval. In bivariable analysis, unanimous Panels had a greater proportion of biostatisticians (mean 0.1580; 95% CI 0.1237–0.1923) than non-unanimous Panels (0.1107; 95% CI 0.0912–0.1301; p = 0.0201).

Conclusions
Panelists likely to vote against the majority include non-physician, non-biostatisticians; experienced Panelists; and more talkative members. The increased presence of biostatisticians on Panels leads to greater voting consensus. Having a diversity of opinions on Panels, including in sufficient numbers those members likely to dissent from majority views, may help ensure that a diversity of opinions are aired before decision-making.