bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Chiral α‐Substituted β‐Aminophosphine Derivatives through Asymmetric Hydrophosphinylation Utilizing Secondary Phosphine Sulfides
Authors: Hirashima Shin‐ichi , Hirota Eiki , Matsushima Yasuyuki , Noda Naoki , Nishimura Yuya , Narushima Takefumi , Nakashima Kosuke , Miura Tsuyoshi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe organocatalytic enantioselective hydrophosphinylation of various secondary phosphine sulfides with aromatic and aliphatic nitroalkenes is presented in this study. The reaction produced chiral β‐nitrophosphine sulfides with excellent yields and enantioselectivities (up to 99% yield and 99% ee). Furthermore, the chiral β‐nitrophosphine sulfides can be easily converted into α‐substituted β‐aminophosphine, which is a family of useful P, N‐ligands and phosphine catalysts.
Parsonage–Turner syndrome of the brachial plexus secondary to COVID‐19 vaccine: A case report
Authors: Mejri Islam , Ben Hmida Lenda , Bedoui Ines , Znegui Tasnim , Kacem Maroua , Moatemri Zied , Derbali Hajer , Jammeli Samia , Fekih Mrissa Nejiba 
Published: October 2022

AbstractParsonage–Turner syndrome (PTS) is a peripheral inflammatory neuropathy of unknown etiology. We present a rare case of a 50‐year‐old male patient with PTS post‐COVID‐19 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Symptoms occurred 15 days after the second dose. He was treated with corticosteroids, analgesics, and physical rehabilitation with a partial recovery.
“On–off” switch for H2 and O2 generation from HCOOH resp. H2O2
Authors: Huang Wenkai , Xu Fuhua , Li Dong‐Sheng , Astruc Didier , Liu Xiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn spite of the numerous advances in the development of H2 and O2 evolutions upon water splitting, the separation of H2 from O2 still remains a severe challenge. Herein, the novel dual‐functional nanocatalysts Pd/carbon nanosphere (CNS), obtained via immobilization of ultrafine Pd nanoparticles onto CNS, are developed and employed for both selective H2 generation from HCOOH dehydrogenation and O2 evolution from H2O2 decomposition. In these reactions, the highest activities for Pd/CNS‐800 (i.e., calcinated at 800°C) are 2478 h−1 and 993 min−1 for H2 and O2 evolution, respectively. The highly efficient and selective “on–off” switch for selective H2 generation from HCOOH is successfully realized by pH adjustment. This novel and highly efficient nanocatalyst Pd/CNS‐800 not only provides new approaches for the promising application of HCOOH and H2O2 as economic and safe H2 and O2 carriers, respectively, for fuel cells, but also promotes the development of “on‐off” switch for on‐demand H2 evolution.
Terminal Au−N and Au−O Units in Organometallic Frames
Authors: Pérez‐Bitrián Alberto , Alvarez Santiago , Baya Miguel , Echeverría Jorge , Martín Antonio , Orduna Jesús , Menjón Babil 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSince gold is located well beyond the oxo wall, chemical species with terminal Au−N and Au−O units are extremely rare and limited to low coordination numbers. We report here that these unusual units can be trapped within a suitable organometallic frame. Thus, the terminal auronitrene and auroxyl derivatives [(CF3)3AuN]− and [(CF3)3AuO]− were identified as local minima by calculation. These open‐shell, high‐energy ions were experimentally detected by tandem mass spectrometry (MS2): They respectively arise by N2 or NO2 dissociation from the corresponding precursor species [(CF3)3Au(N3)]− and [(CF3)3Au(ONO2)]− in the gas phase. Together with the known fluoride derivative [(CF3)3AuF]−, they form an interesting series of isoleptic and alloelectronic complexes of the highly acidic organogold(iii) moiety (CF3)3Au with singly charged anions X− of the most electronegative elements (X=F, O, N). Ligand‐field inversion in all these [(CF3)3AuX]− species results in the localization of unpaired electrons at the N and O atoms.
Lysosomal Targeting of β‐Cyclodextrin
Authors: Mascherpa Andrea , Ishii Nozomii , Tayagui Ayelen , Liu Jiang , Sollogoub Matthieu , Fairbanks Antony J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstractβ‐Cyclodextrin (β‐CD) and derivatives are approved therapeutics in >30 clinical settings. β‐CDs have also shown promise as therapeutics for treatment of some lysosomal storage disorders, such as Niemann‐Pick disease type C, and other disease states which involve metabolite accumulation in the lysosome. In these cases, β‐CD activity relies on transport to the lysosome, wherein it can bind hydrophobic substrate and effect extraction. The post‐translational attachment of N‐glycans terminated in mannose‐6‐phosphate (M6P) residues is the predominant method by which lysosomal enzymes are targeted to the lysosome. In this work we covalently attach a synthetic biantennary bis‐M6P‐terminated N‐glycan to β‐CD and study the effect of the added glycans in a mammalian cell line. The formation of a host guest complex with a Cy5 fluorophore allows study of both cellular internalisation and transport to the lysosome by fluorescence microscopy. Results indicate that the rates of both internalisation and lysosomal transport are increased by the attachment of M6P‐glycans to β‐CD, indicating that M6P‐glycan conjugation may improve the therapeutic effectiveness of β‐CD for the treatment of disorders involving hydrophobic metabolite accumulation in the lysosome.
Inducement of an Anisotropic One‐dimensional Surface of Solution‐derived Indium Gallium Oxide Film via Imprint Lithography for Liquid Crystal Alignment
Authors: Lee Dong Wook , Kim Eun Mi , Heo Gi Seok , Kim Dong Hyun , Oh Jin Young , Yang Da Bin , Jang Jong In , Jeong Hae‐Chang , Seo Dae‐Shik 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study uses imprint lithography to produce an anisotropic unidirectional indium gallium oxide (IGO) film for the uniform liquid crystal (LC) alignment layer. The curing temperature was controlled to 110, 180, and 250 °C during the process, and the 250 °C cured film presented a distinct one‐dimensional pattern transferred from the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold during scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed an active thermal oxidation effect at a high curing temperature, contributing to the formation of a unidirectional structure. This unidirectional IGO structure functioned as a guide for LCs and induced a uniform alignment state, verified by polarized optical microscopy (POM) and a pre‐tilt angle analysis. The IGO film also revealed improved thermal endurance to the LC alignment state and optical transmittance compared with the conventional rubbed polyimide (PI) layer. Given this performance, the one‐dimensional pattern‐imprinted IGO film can be a promising LC alignment layer for an advanced LC system.
Effective Internet of Things botnet classification by data upsampling using generative adversarial network and scale fused bidirectional long short term memory attention model
Authors: K Geetha , S H Brahmananda 
Published: October 2022

SummaryInternet of Things (IoT) botnet attacks are considered an important risk to information security. This work mainly focusing on botnet attack detection targeting various IoT devices. In this work, feature generation and classification are the two major processes considered for attack detection. Generative adversarial network (GAN) is applied for the feature generation process. GAN has generator and discriminator. Here effective generator network is introduced by applying added convolution layers with batch normalization and rectified linear unit activation function. In this proposed system, a novel network called the data perception network is proposed with scale fused architecture. The data perception network is developed to determine generator's efficiency in generating fake data similar to original data. This perception network is also considered for estimating loss function by analyzing in different scales. Hence, the major strength of this network is that highly reliable data are provided using the synthesized data. An efficient network architecture called scale fused bidirectional long short term memory attention model (SFBAM) is applied for the classification process. The proposed model is evaluated using the IoT‐23 dataset, which can differentiate between benign and malicious data in IoT attacks. Compared to existing models, this proposed model provides effective results by improving accuracy and reducing loss.
Intelligent deep learning‐based hierarchical clustering for unstructured text data
Authors: Jyothi Bankapalli , Lingamgunta Sumalatha , Eluri Suneetha 
Published: October 2022

SummaryDocument clustering is a technique used to split the collection of textual content into clusters or groups. In modern days, generally, the spectral clustering is utilized in machine learning domain. By using a selection of text mining algorithms, the diverse features of unstructured content is captured for ensuing in rich descriptions. The main aim of this article is to enhance a novel unstructured text data clustering by a developed natural language processing technique. The proposed model will undergo three stages, namely, preprocessing, features extraction, and clustering. Initially, the unstructured data is preprocessed by the techniques such as punctuation and stop word removal, stemming, and tokenization. Then, the features are extracted by the word2vector using continuous Bag of Words model and term frequency‐inverse document frequency. Then, unstructured features are performed by the hierarchical clustering using the optimizing the cut‐off distance by the improved sensing area‐based electric fish optimization (FISA‐EFO). Tuned deep neural network is used for improving the clustering model, which is proposed by same algorithm. Thus, the results reveal that the model provides better clustering accuracy than other clustering techniques while handling the unstructured text data.
Organocatalyzed Synthesis of Tetrahydro‐α‐Carboline Derivatives Bearing N,O‐Acetals
Authors: Genet Manon , Takfaoui Abdelilah , Marrot Jérôme , Greck Christine , Moreau Xavier 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn enantioselective organocatalytic reaction of indole‐derived‐1‐azadienes with aldehydes leading the formation of enantioenriched cyclic N,O‐acetals is reported. The corresponding products can be obtained with high levels of stereoselectivity (de >95 %, 65–99 % ee, 8–98 % yield). Furthermore, fused tetracyclic scaffolds can also be obtained by implementing a one‐pot strategy involving an additional oxa‐Michael reaction from aldehydes bearing an α,β‐unsaturated ketone group.
Response spectra of fitted post‐seismic residual track irregularity for high‐speed railway
Authors: Yu Jian , Zhou Wangbao , Jiang Lizhong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChinese high‐speed railway (HSR) network construction has expanded into earthquake‐prone areas. In this context, analyses of post‐seismic residual track irregularity and post‐seismic train speed threshold are vital. With a HSR bridge with track system taken as the study object, time‐domain signal for target post‐seismic residual track irregularity was constructed based on the Gaussian pulse translation theory. The response spectra of fitted post‐seismic residual track irregularity applicable to stochastic structures were established, thus providing irregularity input for ascertaining post‐seismic speed threshold. The results show that residual alignment irregularity has a large amplitude under transverse seismic actions; by contrast, cross‐level, gauge, and vertical irregularities showed small amplitudes. The evolution power spectral density (EPSD) of the stochastic post‐seismic residual track irregularities obeys a definite distribution in any frequency‐space coordinate. A uniquely deterministic target post‐seismic residual track irregularity can be constructed based on the stochastic irregularity set, and its safety guarantee rate can be precisely controlled by varying the significance level. Taking the first‐order transverse natural vibration period as the x‐axis and the amplitude of fitted post‐seismic residual track irregularity as the y‐axis, the response spectra of fitted post‐seismic residual track irregularity can be created. The irregularity response spectra are applicable to stochastic structures.
Effect of exogenous melatonin in fruit postharvest, crosstalk with hormones, and defense mechanism for oxidative stress management
Authors: Sati Hansika , Khandelwal Aparna , Pareek Sunil 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDerived from tryptophan, melatonin (MT; N‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine) is a ubiquitous indoleamine that is widely distributed in species ranging from microorganisms to mammals. It has been associated to play vital roles in the human body like cardiac rhythms, immunological enhancement, and antioxidant activity. In plants, it is a pleiotropic molecule with multiple roles, as it not only performs extensive functions like delaying senescence, growth and development regulation, exerting antioxidant effects, and facilitating adaption of plants to certain biotic and abiotic stress responses but also provides resistance to chilling injury and disease development. This paper reviews the latest progress in the multiple roles of MT in fruits, summarizes the pathways for its biosynthesis, and presents the relation of MT with plant hormones, like auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, gibberellins, abscisic acid, jasmonic, and salicylic acid, and highlights the effect of postharvest application of MT on physiology and quality of fruits, action mechanisms, and safety regulations of MT. Recent trends focus on using alternatives that are safe for postharvest produce and do not have major side effects. MT is a better alternative to hazardous chemicals being commercially used in the postharvest management of fruits and providing future directions for its utilization.
Structure, Function and Mechanism of N‐Glycan Processing Enzymes: endo‐α‐1,2‐Mannanase and endo‐α‐1,2‐Mannosidase
Authors: Burchill Laura , Males Alexandra , Kaur Arashdeep , Davies Gideon J. , Williams Spencer J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhile most glycosidases that act on N‐linked glycans remove a single sugar residue at a time, endo‐α‐1,2‐mannosidases and endo‐α‐1,2‐mannanases of glycoside hydrolase family GH99 cut within a chain and remove two or more sugar residues. They are stereochemically retaining enzymes that use an enzymatic mechanism involving an epoxide intermediate. Human endo‐α‐1,2‐mannosidase (MANEA) trims glucosylated mannose residues; the endomannosidase pathway provides a glucosidase‐independent pathway for glycoprotein maturation. Cell‐active MANEA inhibitors alter N‐glycan processing and reduce infectivity of dengue virus, demonstrating that MANEA has potential as a host‐directed antiviral target. Sequence‐related enzymes from gut Bacteroides spp. exhibit endo‐α‐1,2‐mannosidase activity and are a fruitful test bed for structure‐guided inhibitor development. The genes encoding the Bacteroides spp. enzymes sit within polysaccharide utilization loci and are preferential endo‐α‐1,2‐mannanases.
How deeply are core electrons perturbed when valence electrons are spin polarized? The case study of transition metal compounds
Authors: Pascale Fabien , Doll Klaus , Gentile Francesco Silvio , Dovesi Roberto 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic wave functions of the KMnF3 perovskite have been evaluated quantum‐mechanically by using an all electron approach and, for comparison, pseudopotentials on the transition metal and the fluorine ions. It is shown that the different number of α and β electrons in the d shell of Mn perturbs the inner shells, with shifts between the α and β eigenvalues that can be as large as 6 eV for the 3s level, and is far from negligible also for the 2s and 2p states. The valence electrons of F are polarized by the majority spin electrons of Mn, and in turn, spin polarize their 1s electrons. When a pseudopotential is used, such a spin polarization of the core functions of Mn and F can obviously not take place. The importance of such a spin polarization can be appreciated by comparing (i) the spin density at the Mn and F nuclear position, and then the Fermi contact constant, a crucial quantity for the hyperfine coupling, and (ii) the ferromagnetic–antiferromagnetic energy difference, when obtained with an all electron or a pseudopotential scheme, and exploring how the latter varies with pressure. This difference is as large as 50% of the all electron datum, and is mainly due to the rigid treatment of the F ion core. The effect of five different functionals on the core spin polarization is documented.
Interframe Echo Intensity Variation of Subregions and Whole Plaque in Two‐Dimensional Carotid Ultrasonography
Authors: Rohlén Robin , Jiang Biao , Nyman Emma , Wester Per , Näslund Ulf , Grönlund Christer 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesThe risk of cardiovascular disease is associated with the echo intensity of carotid plaques in ultrasound images and their cardiac cycle‐induced intensity variations. In this study, we aimed to 1) explore the underlying origin of echo intensity variations by using simulations and 2) evaluate the association between the two‐dimensional (2D) spatial distribution of these echo intensity variations and plaque vulnerability.MethodsFirst, we analyzed how out‐of‐plane motion and compression of simulated scattering spheres of different sizes affect the ultrasound echo intensity. Next, we propose a method to analyze the features of the 2D spatial distribution of interframe plaque echo intensity in carotid ultrasound image sequences and explore their associations with plaque vulnerability in experimental data.ResultsThe simulations showed that the magnitude of echo intensity changes was similar for both the out‐of‐plane motion and compression, but for scattering objects smaller than 1 mm radius, the out‐of‐plane motion dominated. In experimental data, maps of the 2D spatial distribution of the echo intensity variations had a low correlation with standard B‐mode echo intensity distribution, indicating complementary information on plaque tissue composition. In addition, we found the existence of ∼1 mm diameter subregions with pronounced echo intensity variations associated with plaque vulnerability.ConclusionsThe results indicate that out‐of‐plane motion contributes to intra‐plaque regions of high echo intensity variation. The 2D echo intensity variation maps may provide complementary information for assessing plaque composition and vulnerability. Further studies are needed to verify this method's role in identifying vulnerable plaques and predicting cardiovascular disease risk.
Transcription factor CASZ1 increases an oncogenic transcriptional process in tumorigenesis and progression of glioma cells
Authors: Mao Chaofu , Huang Chengying , Hu Zhicheng , Qu Shanqiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs a transcription factor, the role of CASZ1 in different entities is inconsistent. Glioma is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Its prognostic relevance and biological functions in glioma remain obscure. We focused on the role, mechanism, and prognostic value of CASZ1 in glioma cells. Herein, CASZ1 was identified as a novel potential oncogene in glioma tissues from GEO and TCGA datasets. CASZ1 was highly expressed in glioma tissues, predicting poor prognosis in glioma patients. Knockdown of CASZ1 inhibited proliferation and invasion in vitro, whereas upregulation of CASZ1 presented opposite results. Overexpression of CASZ1 increased transcriptional process of target gene p75NTR. CASZ1 was the potential transcriptional regulators for p75NTR. In addition, the p75NTR expression is essential for CASZ1 to exert its function as an oncogene. Our findings indicate that highly expressed CASZ1 in glioma cells acts as a pro‐oncogene factor in gliomas via regulating transcriptional process of target gene p75NTR, which was identified as an unfavorable prognostic marker in patients with gliomas. CASZ1 is expected to become a novel target for the treatment of gliomas.
Circular RNAs: emerging players in brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Wu Deng‐Pan , Zhao Yuan‐Dan , Yan Qiu‐Qing , Liu Ling‐Ling , Wei Yan‐Su , Huang Jin‐Lan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBrain aging is closely related to neurodegenerative diseases. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of conserved RNAs with covalently closed continuous loops. Emerging evidence has shown that circRNAs are implicated in the biology of brain aging and the pathology of age‐related neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we summarize current studies on circRNAs associated with brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases by discussing their expression features, pathophysiological roles, and mechanisms of action. We also discuss the potential challenges of circRNA‐based therapy against brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as their potential as diagnostic biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases. The review provides insights into current progress in the functions of circRNAs in the process of brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
PROK2, HRNR, and FIG4 as potential genetic biomarkers of high bleeding propensity in East Asian patients with acute coronary syndrome using ticagrelor
Authors: Xiang Qian , Wang Zhe , Mu Guangyan , Xie Qiufen , Liu Zhiyan , Zhou Shuang , Zhang Hanxu , Wang Zining , Hu Kun , Song Hongtao , Yuan Dongdong , Xia Quan , Huang Yan , Cui Yimin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectiveEast Asians have a higher risk of bleeding than Europeans when treated with ticagrelor. This study aimed to explore genetic indicators related to the high bleeding propensity in East Asian patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) using ticagrelor.DesignA multicenter prospective cohort study.SettingFour sub center hospitals participating the study.PatientsBetween March 2018 and July 2021, 208 patients with ACS were administered ticagrelor and underwent genetic testing.InvertentionPatients were enrolled and followed up for bleeding events for 12 months. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected using whole‐exome sequencing. SNPs significantly associated with cumulative bleeding events within 1‐, 6‐, and 12‐month follow‐ups were selected (p < 0.01). Among these, SNPs showing a difference of ≥2 fold in their distribution frequency among East Asians and Europeans were selected.Measurements and Main ResultsAmong all patients, 96.60% received ticagrelor plus aspirin or cilostazol, and 42.3% suffered from bleeding events during 12‐month follow‐up. Furthermore, 22 SNPs of 15 genes were found to have a significant association with cumulative bleeding events within 1‐, 6‐, and 12‐month follow‐ups. Among these SNPs, FIG4 rs2295837 (A>T) variant had the strongest association with bleeding events within 1 month (p = 1.28 × 10−4), with an increased risk of bleeding in T allele carriers (odds ratio [OR]: 3.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.68–5.63). PROK2 rs3796224 (C>T) variant was most strongly associated with cumulative bleeding events within 6 months (p = 4.57 × 10−4) with an increased risk of bleeding in T allele carriers (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.20–3.89). Moreover, HRNR rs6662450 (C>T) variant showed the strongest relation with cumulative bleeding events within 12 months (p = 4.86 × 10−4) with a reduced risk of bleeding in T allele carriers (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.24–0.95).ConclusionFifteen genes, including PROK2, HRNR, and FIG4, were potential biomarkers of high bleeding propensity in East Asian patients with ACS using ticagrelor.