bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced osseointegration of dental implants with reduced graphene oxide coating
Authors: Shin Yong Cheol , Bae Ji-Hyeon , Lee Jong Ho , Raja Iruthayapandi Selestin , Kang Moon Sung , Kim Bongju , Hong Suck Won , Huh Jung-Bo , Han Dong-Wook 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
The implants of pure titanium (Ti) and its alloys can lead to implant failure because of their poor interaction with bone-associated cells during bone regeneration. Surface modification over implants has achieved successful implants for enhanced osseointegration. Herein, we report a robust strategy to implement bioactive surface modification for implant interface enabled by the combinatorial system of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-coated sandblasted, large-grit, and acid-etched (SLA) Ti to impart benefits to the implant.

Methods
We prepared SLA Ti (ST) implants with different surface modifications [i.e., rGO and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)] and investigated their dental tissue regenerating ability in animal models. We performed comparative studies in surface property, in vitro cellular behaviors, and in vivo osseointegration activity among different groups, including ST (control), rhBMP-2-immobilized ST (BI-ST), rhBMP-2-treated ST (BT-ST), and rGO-coated ST (R-ST).

Results
Spectroscopic, diffractometric, and microscopic analyses confirmed that rGO was coated well around the surfaces of Ti discs (for cell study) and implant fixtures (for animal study). Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that the R-ST group showed significantly better effects in cell attachment and proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, matrix mineralization, expression of osteogenesis-related genes and protein, and osseointegration than the control (ST), BI-ST, and BT-ST groups.

Conclusion
Hence, we suggest that the rGO-coated Ti can be a promising candidate for the application to dental or even orthopedic implants due to its ability to accelerate the healing rate with the high potential of osseointegration.
The degradation of poloxamer 188 in buffered formulation conditions
Authors: Chen Wei , Stolz Siegfried , Wegbecher Vincent , Parakkattel Dixy , Haeuser Christina , Oltra Nuria Sancho , Kishore Ravuri S. K. , Bond Steven , Bell Christian , Kopf Robert 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPoloxamer 188 (P188) as a non-ionic surfactant is used in proteinaceous formulations to prevent protein adsorption to hydrophobic surfaces and unfolding at interfaces, preventing the formation of aggregates and particles. Its chemical intactness is crucial to the stability of drug products due to its protecting effects at interfaces. In order to identify and mitigate potential risks that might cause the degradation of P188 during the manufacturing process and storage, in the current work, the stability of P188 was investigated by forced degradation in buffered formulation conditions via oxidation and thermal stress conditions. The process of degradation was monitored through the dedicated liquid adsorption chromatography (LAC) with high sensitivity, and the degradants were characterized by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Results suggest that the vulnerability of P188 is largely related to the buffer conditions. Histidine promotes degradation in the presence of hydroxyl radicals but inhibits the degradation in the presence of H2O2 and alkyl radicals. In thermal stress conditions, histidine protects P188 from degradation at 40 °C, and activates its decay only at higher temperature, like 60 °C.
Recent trends of microbial decontamination for occupational, industrial and domestic applications
Authors: Elkhatat Ahmed M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Nowadays, engineers face challenges in developing novel technologies to find environmental and industrial solutions to address microbial contamination Microbes and treated objects differ significantly in their ability to tolerate the decontamination methods.

Main text
This work introduces a comprehensive review of recent trends of microbial decontamination for occupational, industrial, and domestic applications to help design and optimize suitable decontamination approaches.

Conclusions
Decontamination methods vary in their effectiveness towards microorganisms as sanitizing is the least effective decontamination method; disinfectants and antiseptics provide a higher level of decontamination. However, the best decontamination method is sterilizing. Hence, Microbial decontamination methods must be designed according to the level of microbes resistivity and the sensibility of the treated material.

Graphical abstract
Diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 vaccination associated rhombencephalitis requires comprehensive work-up and exclusion of differentials
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Scorza Fulvio A. , Scorza Carla A. , Fiorini Ana C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this letter we raise several concerns regarding the interesting article by Walter and Krämer about rhomb-encephalitis as a complication two months after the vaccination with an mRNA-based SARS-CoV_2 vaccine. The causal link between the vaccination and encephalitis remained unproven, a SARS-CoV-2 infection, Bickerstaff encephalitis were not excluded, the MRI rather suggests brainstem-encephlaitis than pure rhomb-encephalitis, and the cerebro-spinal fluid was not investigated for cytokines or glial markers. Neurologists are called to make all available effort to convincingly evaluate the etiology and the pathophysiological background of an undetermined condition.
A rare case of unilateral tonsillar epidermoid cyst
Authors: Singhal Gaurang , Kumar Pallika , Pathak Anjali , Rani Poonam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Epidermoid cyst is a developmental lesion with 1.6–6.9% cases found in the head and neck region. Intraoral epidermoid cyst is a rare finding and intratonsillar epidermoid cyst is even rarer, with less than 0.01% incidence.

Case presentation
We are reporting a case of 16 year old with complain of unilateral tonsillar enlargement since 5 months. She underwent tonsillectomy under general anesthesia, and the specimen was sent for histopathological examination. It was reported as multiple intratonsillar epidermoid cysts on final histopathological examination.

Conclusion
We would like to report such a case due to its rarity and to recommend the need for histopathological diagnosis after every case of tonsillectomy in order to differentiate various benign and malignant lesions for their proper management.
Transient otoacoustic emissions with contralateral suppression findings in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Basoz Meliha , Tas Nida , Gedik Ozge , Ozdemir Sumeyye , Aksoy Fadlullah 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe virus called SARS-CoV-2, which is known as the first epidemic of the twenty-first century, is known to affect the central and peripheral nervous system. In the literature, complaints of sudden hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo have been reported in the patients.The aim of this study is to objectively reveal the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 on the efferent auditory system.MethodsTwenty-three participants, who had the coronavirus disease 2019, were included in the study group, while 20 healthy participants were included in the control group. The test of transient otoacoustic emissions with contralateral suppression was applied to individuals who had normal audiological and immitansmetric evaluations findings.ResultsIn audiological evaluation, a significant difference was observed between the groups in the 125–500 Hz low frequency range and 4 kHz–12.5 kHz high frequency range. In the test of TEOAE and TEOAE with contralateral suppression, a significant difference was observed between the groups at 4 kHz.ConclusionThe effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 on the peripheral hearing system has been shown. Its effect on the efferent hearing system in the high frequency region has been revealed.
Multiparametric MRI radiomics nomogram for predicting lymph-vascular space invasion in early-stage cervical cancer
Authors: Xiao Meiling , Li Ying , Ma Fenghua , Zhang Guofu , Qiang Jin 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
To develop a radiomics nomogram based on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) to pre-operatively predict lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI) in patients with early-stage cervical cancer.

Methods:
This retrospective study included 233 consecutive patients with Stage IB–IIB cervical cancer. According to the ratio of 2:1, 154 patients and 79 patients were randomly assigned to the primary and validation cohorts, respectively. Features with intraclass and interclass correlation coefficient (ICCs) greater than 0.75 were selected for radiomics features. The significant features for predicting LVSI were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm based on the primary cohort. The rad-score for each patient was constructed via a linear combination of selected features that were weighted by their respective coefﬁcients. The radiomics nomogram was developed using multivariable logistic regression analysis by incorporating the rad-score and clinical risk factors.

Results:
A total of 19 radiomics features and 3 clinical risk factors were selected. The rad-score exhibited a good performance in discriminating LVSI with a C-index of 0.76 and 0.81 in the primary and validation cohorts, respectively. The radiomics nomogram also exhibited a good discriminating performance in two cohorts (C-index of 0.78 and 0.82). The calibration curve of the radiomics nomogram demonstrated no significant differences was found between prediction and observation outcomes for the probability of LVSI in two cohorts (p = 0.86 and 0.98, respectively). The decision curve analysis indicated that clinician and patients could benefit from the use of radiomics nomogram and rad-score.

Conclusion:
The nomogram and rad-score could be used conveniently and individually to predict LVSI in patients with early-stage cervical cancer and facilitate the treatment decision for clinician and patients.

Advances in knowledge:
The nomogram could pre-operatively predict LVSI in early-stage cervical cancer.
Stigma-directed services (Stig2Health) to improve ‘linkage to care’ for people living with HIV in rural Tanzania: study protocol for a nested pre-post implementation study within the Kilombero and Ulanga Antiretroviral Cohort
Authors: Magnolini Raphael , Senkoro Elizabeth , Kalinjuma Aneth Vedastus , Kitau Olivia , Kivuma Bernard , Samson Leila , Eichenberger Anna , Mollel Getrud Joseph , Krinke Eileen , Okuma James , Ndege Robert , Glass Tracy , Mapesi Herry , Vanobberghen Fiona , Battegay Manuel , Weisser Maja 
Published: March 2022

Background: HIV-related stigma is a major barrier to the timely linkage and retention of patients in HIV care in sub-Saharan Africa, where most people living with HIV/AIDS reside. In this implementation study we aim to evaluate the effect of stigma-directed services on linkage to care and other health outcomes in newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients. Methods: In a nested project of the Kilombero and Ulanga Antiretroviral Cohort in rural Tanzania, we conduct a prospective observational pre-post study to assess the impact of a bundle of stigma-directed services for newly diagnosed HIV positive patients. Stigma-directed services, delivered by a lay person living with HIV, are i) post-test counseling, ii) post-test video-assisted teaching, iii) group support therapy and group health education, and iv) mobile health. Patients receiving stigma services (enrolled from 1st February 2020 to 31st August 2021) are compared to a historical control receiving the standard of care (enrolled from 1st July 2017 to 1st February 2019). The primary outcome is ‘linkage to care’. Secondary endpoints are retention in care, viral suppression, death and clinical failure at 6-12 months (up to 31st August 2022). Self-reported stigma and depression are assessed using the Berger Stigma scale and the PHQ-9 questionnaire, respectively. The sample size calculation was based on cohort data from 2018. Assuming a pre-intervention cohort of 511 newly diagnosed adults of whom 346 (68%) were in care and on antiretroviral treatment (ART) at 2 months, a 10% increase in linkage (from 70 to 80%), a two-sided type I error rate of 5%, and 90% power, 321 adults are required for the post-implementation group. Discussion: We expect that integration of stigma-directed services leads to an increase of proportions of patients in care and on ART. The findings will provide guidance on how to integrate stigma-directed services into routine care in rural sub-Saharan Africa.
Integrating augmented reality technology in education: vector personal computer augmented reality
Authors: Tan Sin Yin , Tay Noel Nuo Wi 
Published: March 2022

Background: Educators often face difficulties in explaining abstract concepts such as vectors. During the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, fully online classes have also caused additional challenges to using conventional teaching methods. To explain a vector concept of more than 2 dimensions, visualization becomes a problem. Although Microsoft PowerPoint can integrate animation, the illustration is still in 2-dimensions. Augmented reality (AR) technology is recommended to aid educators and students in teaching-learning vectors, namely via a vector personal computer augmented reality system (VPCAR), to fulfil the demand for tools to support the learning and teaching of vectors. Methods: A PC learning module for vectors was developed in a 3-dimensional coordinate system by using AR technology. Purposive sampling was applied to get feedback from educators and students in Malaysia through an online survey. The supportiveness of using VPCAR based on six items (attractiveness, easiness, visualization, conceptual understanding, inspiration and helpfulness) was recorded on 5-points Likert-type scales. Findings are presented descriptively and graphically. Results: Surprisingly, both students and educators adapted to the new technology easily and provided significant positive feedback that showed a left-skewed and J-shaped distribution for each measurement item, respectively. The distributions were proven significantly different among the students and educators, where supportive level result of educators was higher than students. This study introduced a PC learning module other than mobile apps as students mostly use laptops to attend online class and educators also engage other IT tools in their teaching. Conclusions: Based on these findings, VPCAR provides a good prospect in supporting educators and students during their online teaching-learning process. However, the findings may not be generalizable to all students and educators in Malaysia as purposive sampling was applied. Further studies may focus on government-funded schools using the newly developed VPCAR system, which is the novelty of this study.
Evaluation of the potential benefits of iron supplementation in organic pig farming
Authors: Prunier Armelle , Leblanc-Maridor Mily , Pauwels Maud , Jaillardon Laetitia , Belloc Catherine , Merlot Elodie 
Published: March 2022

Background: Iron from the stock acquired during foetal life and the ingestion of milk is not sufficient to cover the needs of the piglets during their first weeks of life. In organic farming, systematic supplementation with iron is problematic due to a strong limitation in pharmaceutic treatments. Methods: Erythroid parameters around weaning were measured in piglets from organic outdoor and indoor farms, and related to indicators of the inflammatory status. Blood samples were collected from 28.9±2.6 piglets/herd at 42.0±3.2 days of age and 11.9±3.0 kg live weight (mean ± SD) in 21 farms from the west part of France. Among the 11 outdoor farms, only one had supplemented piglets with 200 mg iron while among the 10 indoor farms, only one had not supplemented piglets, one had supplemented them with 100 mg, 8 with 200 mg and one with 400 mg. Results: Compared to outdoor piglets without supplementation, piglets kept indoors and receiving 200 mg iron had lower haemoglobin concentration (105 vs 118±2 g/l, mean ± SE) and red blood cell volume (56 vs 60±1 fl) (P<0.005). The reduction in haemoglobin concentration and red blood cell volume was more pronounced in indoor piglets supplemented with 100 mg of iron and even more when they had not received iron. The plasma concentration of haptoglobin was lower in outdoor than in indoor piglets (0.51±0.06 vs 0.78±0.09 g/l) whereas no effect of housing was observed for markers of oxidative stress (dROM, BAP). In the 14 farms where sow parity was known, the haemoglobin concentration was lower in piglets from primiparous than from multiparous sows (109 versus 114±2 g/l, P < 0.001). Conclusion: With the exception of soils where the content of bioavailable iron is very low, piglets from outdoor farms do not require iron supplementation, unlike those raised indoors.
INVESTIGATION OF THE FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY OF NEW DERIVATIVES OF 7-R-1,5-DINITRO-3,7- DIAZABICYCLO[3.3.1]NONAN-2-ONE
Authors: Ivanova Evgeniya V. , Nikishina Maria B. , Tretyakova Anastasia V. , Mukhtorov Loik G. , Perelomov Leonid V. , Atroshchenko Yuri M. 
Published: March 2022

ackground. The problem of finding new effective fungicides for agriculture remains an urgent task of modern agrochemistry. The problem is exacerbated by the fact that, on the one hand, over the years, there has been an ever wider spread of fungi-phytopathogens, due to the intensification of agricultural production, and, on the other hand, there is an increase in the resistance of pathogens of fungal diseases to the available fungicides. This study is devoted to the study of the fungicidal activity of new derivatives of 3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane – 7-R-1,5-dinitro-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-2-ones. It is known that 3,7-diazabicyclononane derivatives have versatile biological activity, including showing antibacterial and fungicidal action. Previously obtained 7-R-1,5-dinitro-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-2-ones were studied for the manifestation of fungicidal activity in vitro in relation to phytopathogenic fungi of various taxonomic classes, which are the main cause diseases of agricultural crops.
Purpose. To investigate the fungicidal activity of new derivatives of 7-R-1,5-dinitro-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-2-ones on various phytopathogenic fungi, causative agents of the main fungal diseases of agricultural plants.
Materials and methods. The synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for fungicidal activity against seven fungi-phytopathogens of various taxonomic classes: V. inaequalis is the causative agent of apple scab, F. moniliforme is the main cause of fusarium diseases of cereal crops, R. solani is the causative agent of rhizoctonia, F. oxysporum, B sorokiniana - cause root rot, S. sclerotiorum is the causative agent of white rot, and P. ostreatus is the causative agent of tree stem rot. To determine the radial growth of mycelium, the fungal cultures were inoculated in agar nutrient medium with the addition of the test substance. The effective concentration of the drug in the sample was 30 mg/l. The suppression of fungal mycelium growth was calculated as a percentage using the Abbott`s formula. Measurements were carried out on the 3rd day. Commercial fungicides were selected as a comparison standard from the list of drugs presented in the State Catalog of Pesticides and Agrochemicals permitted for use on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Results. Most of the studied substances exhibit fungicidal activity. Some compounds have a pronounced fungicidal activity comparable to Russian commercial fungicides.
Conclusion. Thus, when studying the fungicidal activity of new 3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes (bispidines) – 7-R-1,5-dinitro-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-2-ones on various fungi-phytopathogens, it was shown that some of the obtained compounds have pronounced fungicidal activity and are promising for further testing.
LANDSCAPE AND FOREST RECLAMATION APPROACH TO ASSESSING THE STATE OF PROTECTIVE FOREST PLANTINGS
Authors: Rulev Alexander S. , Ruleva Olga V. , Rulev Gleb A. , Tanyukevich Vadim V. 
Published: March 2022

Background. Previously, an inventory of protective forest belts was carried out, described within the boundaries of the administrative districts of the Rostov region. However, the forest-growing conditions of protective forest stands are determined by the landscape of the territory, so to assess the state of the Don-Salo-Manych interfluve, a landscape-forest-reclamation approach was used.
Purpose. On the basis of the landscape-forest-reclamation approach, the assessment of the state of protective forest stands was carried out, as well as the study of polygons using remote sensing data.
The novelty of research. For the first time, a landscape-catchment approach is applied to the assessment and grouping of protective forest plantations of the Dono-Salo-Manych interfluve of the Rostov region.
Materials and methods. Studies of the inter-river polygon of agroforestry landscapes were carried out on the basis of a cameral analysis of remote cartographic data and landscape-forest-reclamation interpretation of space photo information.
Results. There are 9 land-shaft areas with a weak and medium degree of land erosion. Test plots with model forest belts were laid out in each landscape area. The main tree species of protective forest belts is Robinia pseudoacacia (Robínia pseudoacácia), it occupies 65%. Оставшиеся 8% площади лесных полос относится к ясеневым (Fraxinus).
Conclusion. The landscape-forest reclamation approach to assessing the state of field-protective forest stands includes studying the features of micro- and mesorelief, the structure of the soil cover and assessing the state of forest stands, consisting in agroforestry landscapes of the prevailing species: robinia false acacia, squat elm and green ash. Robinia false acacia occupies 65-70% of the total plantation area. Elm trees occupy 27% of the total area of planted forests, dominated by mature and over-mature stands. This approach makes it possible to plan measures for the arrangement of the landscape territory, based on knowledge of forest growing conditions.