bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is vascular remodelling in patients with chronic heart failure exaggerated?
Authors: Pietschner Robert , Bosch Agnes , Kannenkeril Dennis , Striepe Kristina , Schiffer Mario , Achenbach Stephan , Schmieder Roland E. , Kolwelter Julie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundVascular remodelling of large arteries increases afterload of the left ventricle. The aim of this study was to analyse whether vascular remodelling and function under laboratory and 24‐hour ambulatory conditions is impaired in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) independently of cardiovascular risk factors.Methods and resultsIn this monocentric cross‐sectional observational study, 105 patients with CHF and an ejection fraction ≤49% (CHF+) were compared to 118 subjects without CHF (CHF−). After adjustment for age, gender, arterial hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, type 2 diabetes, obesity and smoking, vascular function and structure parameters, as assessed by pulse wave analysis (SphygmoCor) and the UNEX EF device, respectively, between the CHF+ and the CHF− group differed for resting pulse wave velocity (PWV) (P = 0.010), 24‐h ambulatory PWV (P = 0.011), central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) (P = <0.001), 24‐h ambulatory cSBP (P = <0.001), resting central augmentation index (P = 0.002), and brachial intima–media thickness (P = 0.022). In CHF+ patients, higher levels of NT‐proBNP, taken as a marker for the severity of CHF, were related to a higher PWV (r = 0.340, P = <0.001), a higher cSBP (r = 0.292, P = 0.005), and a trend to higher central pulse pressure (cPP) (r = 0.198, P = 0.058), higher 24‐h brachial PP (r = 0.322, P = 0.002), and 24‐h total peripheral resistance (s = 0.227, P = 0.041) after full adjustment for covariates.ConclusionsIn CHF+ patients we observed augmented vascular remodelling and functional impairment compared with CHF− patients independently of cardiovascular risk factors, age, and gender, and the extent of vascular remodelling and impairment was related to the severity of CHF.
Association between serum sodium level trajectories and survival in patients with heart failure
Authors: Xia Yan‐Mei , Wang Shan , Wu Wei‐Dong , Liang Ji‐Fang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsThe effect of changes in serum sodium levels on the survival of patients with heart failure (HF) is unclear. We aimed to analyse the impact of serum sodium level trajectories on survival in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with HF.MethodsA total of 4760 patients diagnosed with HF between 2001 and 2012 from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC‐III) database were extracted. Of these patients, 1132 patients who died within 48 h of ICU admission were excluded, and 3628 patients were included in this retrospective cohort study. Sodium levels were measured at baseline, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, and 48 h. Patients were divided into hyponatremia, normal, and hypernatremia groups based on baseline sodium levels, and trajectory modelling was performed for each group separately. Group‐based trajectory model (GBTM) method was utilized to identify serum sodium levels trajectories.ResultsThe number of patients with hyponatremia (<135 mmol/L), normal sodium levels (135–145 mmol/L), and hypernatremia (>145 mmol/L) at baseline were 594 (16.37%), 2,738 (75.47%), and 296 (8.16%), respectively. A total of seven trajectory groups were identified, including hyponatremia‐slow rise group [initial levels (IL), 128.48 ± 5.42 mmol/L; end levels (EL), 131.23 ± 3.83 mmol/L], hyponatremia‐rapid rise to normal group (IL, 132.13 ± 2.18 mmol/L; EL, 137.46 ± 3.68 mmol/L), normal‐slow decline group (IL, 137.65 ± 2.15 mmol/L; EL, 134.50 ± 2.54 mmol/L), normal‐steady‐state group (IL, 139.20 ± 2.26 mmol/L; EL, 139.04 ± 2.58 mmol/L), normal‐slow rise group (IL, 140.94 ± 2.37 mmol/L; EL, 143.43 ± 2.89 mmol/L), hypernatremia‐rapid decline to normal group (IL, 146.31 ± 1.98 mmol/L; EL, 140.71 ± 3.61 mmol/L), and hypernatremia‐slow decline group (IL, 148.89 ± 5.54 mmol/L; EL, 146.28 ± 3.90 mmol/L). The results showed that hyponatremia‐slow rise group [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.35; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.80, P = 0.040], hyponatremia‐rapid rise to normal group (HR = 1.37; 95% CI, 1.11–1.71, P = 0.004), hypernatremia‐rapid decline to normal group (HR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.08–1.97, P = 0.014), and hypernatremia‐slow decline group (HR = 1.49; 95% CI, 1.07–2.07, P = 0.018) trajectories were associated with an increased risk of 1‐year mortality in HF patients compared with normal‐steady‐state group. After adjustment for all confounders, hyponatremia‐rapid rise to normal group (HR = 1.26, 95% CI; 1.01–1.57, P = 0.038) and hypernatremia‐rapid decline to normal group (HR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.01–1.84, P = 0.047) trajectories were still related to an increased risk of 1‐year mortality in patients with HF.ConclusionsSerum sodium level trajectories were associated with mortality in patients with HF. Association between serum sodium level trajectories and prognosis in patients with HF deserve further study.
Die permanente dreidimensionale Datenerfassung geotechnischer Strukturen mittels webbasierter Anwendung terrestrischer LiDAR‐Sensorik
Authors: Czerwonka‐Schröder Daniel , Gaisecker Thomas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs part of the i2MON research project, an integrated monitoring service was developed for the identification and evaluation of soil and slope movements in the context of coal mining. The focus was on the correct integration (to give reliability, accuracy and integrity) of a long‐range laser scanner into a web‐based monitoring system from an engineering geodetic point of view. A web‐based application of terrestrial laser scanners has been developed by cooperation between DMT GmbH & Co. KG and RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems GmbH.The system allows a high temporal and spatial resolution for measured value acquisition by means of permanent installation in the vicinity of a monitored object. This article shows how the laser scanner can be remotely controlled within a web‐based monitoring platform. In addition, the integration of various sensors (including total station, GNSS, geotechnical sensors) within a project into a uniform monitoring platform based on a web interface and the corresponding data analysis (including the automatic detection of geomorphological processes) will be described.
Speicheranlagen und Wildbäche im Einflussbereich von langsam ablaufenden Großmassenbewegungen
Authors: Marte Roman , Hofmann Robert 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSlow moving landslides are a common phenomenon in the Alps. Often built‐up areas, infrastructure such as motorways, water storage or stream control structures are affected by such landslides. In this paper two case studies are discussed to present a decision‐making system for the evaluation and handling of such slow‐moving landslides.
Quality monitoring in vibro ground improvement – A hybrid machine learning approach
Authors: Terbuch Anika , Zöhrer Alexander , Winter Vincent , O‘Leary Paul , Khalili‐Motlagh‐Kasmaei Negin , Steiner Gernot 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article presents a new approach of quality control to vibro ground improvement techniques based on hybrid machine learning (ML), i.e., a combination of classical analysis and ML techniques. The process is monitored with an instrumented rig equipped with multiple sensors. Key performance indicators (KPIs) are used to identify anomalous foundation columns. As the foundation columns are sub‐surface, there is no direct access to ground truth; consequently, unsupervised ML is applied to the recorded time‐series data. The risk of not detecting defective elements is reduced by the combination of two independent methods for anomaly detection, KPI‐ and ML‐based classification. The ML is used to gain a deeper process understanding and to detect anomalies which were not considered in the design phase of the KPI. New pre‐processing techniques were derived from the insights gained from the ML classifier; this led to a more robust classifier. It is shown how unsupervised ML, using a multi‐channel variational autoencoder (VAE) with long short‐term memory (LSTM) layers, can be utilized in a knowledge discovery process (KDP).
Quantitative interpretation of time‐lapse seismic data at Farnsworth field unit: Rock physics modeling, and calibration of simulated time‐lapse velocity responses
Authors: Acheampong Samuel Appiah , Ampomah William , Khaniani Hassan , Will Robert , Sarkodie‐Kyeremeh Justice 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the contribution of fluid saturation variation to the time‐lapse velocity response by performing fluid substitution modeling. The methodology is exemplified by the time‐lapse seismic monitoring of carbon dioxide at Farnsworth field unit (FWU). In order to evaluate the fluid distribution in a matured oil reservoir, the Southwest Regional Partnership (SWP) acquired multiple vertical seismic profile (VSP) surveys at different times during the CO2–water alternatinggas (WAG) injection period. In this work, we present a thorough methodology for computing the elastic response of the saturated rock for different fluid saturations using a site‐specific petro‐elastic model (PEM). The output from the PEM was combined with results from a fluid compositional model to compute the seismic velocities at times corresponding to each VSP survey. To produce a calibrated simulated response, the measured time‐lapse seismic velocities were integrated into the numerical simulation model. The mismatches between the predicted and measured time‐lapse velocities were minimized through an iterative calibration process using a trained artificial neural network proxy (ANN) coupled with a particle swarm optimizer (PSO). Our study indicates that the hybrid optimization workflow can effectively perform the history matching. With an accurate prediction of the hydrodynamic properties, the migration of CO2 within the subsurface was modeled by predicting the spatial velocity distribution for a radius of 305 m around the injection well. The technology demonstrated and the expertise gained from this study can guide similar CO2‐WAG projects. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Suicide among young‐old and old‐old adults in rural China: A case‐control psychological autopsy study
Authors: Wang Jiali , Ma Zhenyu , Jia Cunxian , Wang Guojun , Zhou Liang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveLate‐life suicide is a vital public health concern. Though gerontological research suggested the young‐old and old‐old phases were heterogeneous, age differences in the elderly suicide have not been well studied due to the lack of comparable control groups and small samples. The study aimed to examine the age‐specific suicidal characteristics and risk factors among the young‐old (60–79) and old‐old (over 80) elderly.MethodsTwo hundred and forty two suicide decedents and 242 living comparisons were enrolled in a 1:1 matched case‐control psychological autopsy study in rural China: 173 young‐old and 69 old‐old in each group. Suicidal characteristics, demographic characteristics, living arrangements, physical health, mental disorder, and psychosocial factors were collected. We used logistic regression models to assess risk factors of suicide and test for interactions between age and each risk factor.ResultsPesticide suicide was more prevalent among young‐old suicides than old‐old suicides (56.07% vs. 40.58%, p = 0.029). Non‐currently married, unemployment, mental disorder, higher disability in physical activities of daily living, higher hopelessness and higher depressive symptom were significantly associated with suicide among older adults. The effect of poor function in physical activities of daily living on suicide was significantly greater during younger ages (p for interaction = 0.038).ConclusionsFindings indicated that most suicidal characteristics and risk factors for completed suicide were generally similar among young‐old and old‐old adults. But poor function in physical activities of daily living predicted increase suicide risk only at younger ages. In addition to common risk factors, age‐specific factors should also be noted in suicide prevention.Clinical Trial RegistrationAccording to the ICMJE, purely observational studies (those in which the assignment of the medical intervention is not at the discretion of the investigator) will not require registration. Our study was not registered because this is a case‐control study. But all procedures of the study were carried out in accordance with the latest version of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study were approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the Central South University, Shandong University, and Guangxi Medical University.
The mediating effect of post‐stroke depression between social support and quality of life among stroke survivors: A meta‐analytic structural equation modeling
Authors: Kuang Jinke , Yang Li , Lv Runtian , Li Jia , Zhou Kexin , Xu Mengfan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim was to confirm the relationship between social support (SS), post‐stroke depression (PSD), and quality of life (QOL) and determine the mediating effect of PSD in stroke survivors. Additionally, we tested the impact of economic development level (in developed or developing countries) on the relationship between SS, PSD, and QOL.MethodsThis study utilized meta‐analytic structural equation modeling on systematically searched articles from PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang data published from inception to February 2022. Collect the sample size (n) of each study and the associations of observed variables, and conduct meta‐analysis path analysis using AMOS 23.0 to assess the relationships. Concurrently, the effects of the national economic development level were extracted for moderator analysis.ResultsA total of 28 studies (N = 3967) were included for analysis. SS and PSD were significant predictors of QOL (both p < 0.01). PSD mediated the relationship between SS and QOL (β = 0.31; 95% confidence interval 0.273–0.345; p < 0.01). Furthermore, in developed countries, SS was not statistically correlated with PSD (p = 0.811) compared to developing countries.ConclusionsImproving SS may help improve the QOL of stroke patients. PSD should be addressed using a comprehensive approach that includes interventions to enhance the QOL. Additionally, people have different psychological reactions to SS at different stages of economic development; thus, further research is needed to develop different measurement standards for patients according to the country’s level of economic development.
Healthcare providers' intention to leave their jobs during COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Alnaeem Mohammad M. , Hamdan‐Mansour Ayman M. , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Abuatallah Alaa , Al‐Hussami Mahmoud 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsDuring the coronavirus pandemic (COVID‐19), healthcare providers confronted risks of disease transmission to themselves and their family members, resulting in physical and psychological burdens. This might affect their decisions to leave their jobs temporarily or permanently, fearing infection and protecting their families. This study examined the factors related to the intention to leave a job among healthcare providers during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Jordan.MethodsA cross‐sectional correlational design was used to collect data using a convenience sample of 557 healthcare providers working in different sectors across Jordan. Data were collected using a self‐administered questionnaire about the intention to leave jobs during the pandemic.ResultsThe sample included 368 females (63.8%) and 209 males (36.6%) participants. The mean age of participants was 30.8 years (SD = 6.65). Differences found in intention to leave job during COVID‐19 in relation to age (t = 2.60, p < 0.05), gender (X2 = 4.25, p < 0.001), and marital status (X2 = 18.2, p < 0.001). Participants with a high risk of exposure to COVID‐19 and who experienced higher workloads had higher scores of intention to leave their job during COVID‐19, while being married had lower scores.ConclusionsPolicy‐makers need to pay attention to young and single healthcare providers during the COVID‐19 pandemic to prevent them leave their job. Crucial guidelines for managing workload during the COVID‐19 pandemic are needed. Policy‐makers during pandemics have to protect healthcare providers who feel they are at high risk of infection.
Hydromagnetic mixed convection unsteady radiative Casson fluid flow towards a stagnation‐point with chemical reaction, induced magnetic field, Soret effect, and convective boundary conditions
Authors: Mahato R. , Das Mrutyunjay , Sen S. S. S. , Nandkeolyar R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article presents the two‐dimensional mixed convective MHD unsteady stagnation‐point flow with heat and mass transfer on chemically reactive Casson fluid towards a vertical stretching surface. This fluid flow model is influenced by the induced magnetic field, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, heat absorption, and Soret effect with convective boundary conditions and solved numerically by shooting technique. The calculations are accomplished by MATLAB bvp4c. The velocity, induced magnetic field, temperature, and concentration distributions are displayed by graphs for pertinent influential parameters. The numerical results for skin friction coefficient, rate of heat, and mass transfer are analyzed via tables for different influential parameters for both assisting and opposing flows. The results reveal that the enhancement of the unsteadiness parameter diminishes velocity and induced magnetic field but it rises temperature and concentration distributions. Moreover, higher values of magnetic Prandtl number enhance Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient, but it has the opposite impact on Sherwood number. We observe that the amplitude is higher in assisting flow compared to opposing flow for skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number whereas opposite trends are noticed for Sherwood number. Our model will be applicable to various magnetohydrodynamic devices and medical sciences.
Reactive orbital energy theory serving a theoretical foundation for the electronic theory of organic chemistry
Authors: Tsuneda Takao , Sumitomo Hiroki , Hasebe Masatoshi , Tsutsumi Takuro , Taketsugu Tetsuya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIt is established that the reactive orbital energy theory (ROET) theoretically reproduces the rule‐based electronic theory diagrams of organic chemistry by a comparative study on the charge transfer natures of typical organic carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond formation reactions: aldol, Mannich, α‐aminooxylation, and isogyric reactions. The ROET, which is an expansion of the reaction electronic theories (e.g., the frontier orbital theory) in terms of orbital energies, elucidates the reactive orbitals driving reactions and the charge transferability indices of the reactions. Performing the ROET analyses of these reactions shows that the charge transfer directions given in the rule‐based diagrams of the electronic theory are reproduced even for the functional groups of charge transfer destinations in all but only two processes for 38 reaction processes. The ROET analyses also make clear the detailed orbital‐based pictures of these bond formation reactions: that is, the use of the out‐of‐plane antibonding π orbitals in acidic conditions (enol‐mode) and in‐plane antibonding π orbitals in basic conditions (enolate‐mode), which explain the experimentally assumed mechanisms such as the π‐bond formations in acidic conditions and σ‐bond formations at α‐carbons in basic conditions. Furthermore, the ROET analyses explicate that the methyl group initially accepts electrons and then donates them to the bond formations in the target reactions. It is, consequently, suggested that the ROET serves a theoretical foundation for the electronic theory of organic chemistry.
Characterization of the evolution trajectory and immune profiling of new histologic patterns in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Song Minfang , Xie Huikang , Liu Wei , Zhao Mengmeng , Deng Ziqing , Zhang Liye , Liu Haipeng , Huang Yanfang , Li Hanjie , Ren Yijiu , Chen Chang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the appearance of morphologically diverse tumor regions, termed histological patterns, is closely associated with disease progression and lymph node metastasis. However, the molecular characteristics of the histological patterns in LUAD and the underlying molecular evolutionary mechanisms between the histological patterns in primary tumors and lymph node metastases are poorly understood. Here, we re‐analyzed the large TCGA‐LUAD dataset and depicted a comprehensive profiling of the genome and transcriptome across the histological patterns in LUAD. Tumor phylogenetic trajectory analysis suggested that the complex glands is more apt to metastasize to the lymph node. Further deconvolution of the tumor microenvironment demonstrated that the complex glands had a higher infiltration of cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Single‐cell transcriptome profiling of complex glands pattern identified a novel CAF subtype co‐expressing fibroblast activation protein‐alpha (FAP) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING). Moreover, our data demonstrated that FAP is an important downstream effector of STING in CAFs. In summary, our results provide the basis for the development of innovative therapeutic guidelines and intervention strategies for LUAD patients.
Impact of the U.S.–China trade war on the operating performance of U.S. firms: The role of outsourcing and supply base complexity
Authors: Fan Di , Zhou Yi , Yeung Andy C. L. , Lo Chris K. Y. , Tang Christopher 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMultinational corporations have benefited tremendously from free trade in the past few decades. However, the dynamism of international relations, paired with the global recession, has rekindled the debate over frictionless trade. In this study, we examine how trade friction, created by tariff trade barriers, affects the operational performance of domestic firms which source from the affected countries. We also investigate how various supply chain characteristics and strategies can moderate the impact of such trade friction. Motivated by the 2018 U.S.–China trade war, we conducted a difference‐in‐difference analysis to examine the impact of trade tariffs on performance indicators of U.S. firms with direct supplier connections in China. Specifically, we found that U.S. firms with direct supply partners (i.e., first‐tier suppliers) in China had a worse performance than the U.S. firms without direct supply partners in China in terms of inventory (i.e., days of supply) and profitability (return‐on‐assets). We further found that the negative impacts were more severe for firms with a higher degree of outsourcing, and horizontal and spatial supply base complexity. We discuss the implications for international operations management, supply chain networks, supply risk management, and provide suggestions to supply chain practitioners and trade policymakers.