bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uptake of Covid-19 Preventive Measures Among 10 Immigrant Ethnic Groups in Norway
Authors: Gele Abdi , Sheikh Naima Said , Kour Prabhjot , Qureshi Samera A. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundA pessimistic view of the impact of Covid-19 on immigrants has generated an interest in exploring the role of socio-economic and cultural factors on excess infection, hospitalization and death among immigrants. Nowhere in the world is such interest more palpable than in Western countries, including Norway. An expanding amount of literature has demonstrated that preexisting socio-economic inequalities have affected Covid-19 control programs through a disruption of immigrants' uptake to preventive measures. Nonetheless, until very recently, no qualitative research has been conducted to address the impact of socio-economic and socio-cultural factors on immigrants' uptake on preventive measures of Covid-19 in Norway.MethodsAn interview-based qualitative study consisting of 88 participants (49 women and 39 men) from 10 immigrant ethnic groups were carried out. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling and snowballing. In-depth interviews were held through telephone or online for those who have experience in the use of zoom or teams. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsWe found that participants' attitudes toward the pandemic in general, and more specifically their adherence to preventive measures, have increased over time. However, the number of barriers that hinder immigrants from adhering to preventive measures were identified and classified more broadly into three main subthemes: (1) socio-economic barriers; (2) socio-cultural barriers, and (3) other barriers. Socio-economic barriers include overcrowded households, working in first-line jobs, education and language. Socio-cultural barriers include collectivist culture, religious fatalism and risk perception toward the pandemic.ConclusionTo reduce the health inequality that arises from overcrowded housing, there is a need for a long-term strategy to help improve the housing situation of low-income immigrant families that live in overcrowded households. In addition, increasing health literacy and more generally, the integration of immigrants, may also reduce the effect of socio-cultural factors on an immigrant's uptake of preventive measures.
Attitudes to Cannabis Use and Public Prevention Information Among Young Adults: A Qualitative Interview Study With Implications for Prevention Practice
Authors: Kvillemo Pia , Strandberg Anna K. , Gripenberg Johanna 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCannabis use carries an increased risk of ill health and social problems, especially when initiated at a young age. Drug use is influenced by individual beliefs, knowledge, and attitudes, which are, in turn, governed by social and environmental factors. In recent years, a less restrictive attitude toward cannabis has been observed in many countries, with concerns about increased cannabis use among young people. The aim of the current study was to gain a deeper understanding of young adults' attitudes toward cannabis use and public prevention information about cannabis.MethodsA qualitative interview study was conducted among 32 anonymous informants aged 18–29 years in the Stockholm region. Participants were recruited through purposeful sampling, and semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted using a digital video calling platform. A qualitative content analysis of the interviews was performed to generate categories and codes for cannabis use and attitudes toward prevention information.ResultsBoth cannabis users and abstainers perceived some risks with cannabis; however, for many users, the positive effects appeared to outweigh any expected harm. Furthermore, the existing public information was perceived as less credible because of an excessive focus on harm. The informants expressed a desire for neutral facts about the effects of cannabis, delivered by credible senders. Moreover, they felt that prevention information should be delivered by individuals whom young people look up to or with whom they can identify, for example, people with authority or famous people such as influencers. The informants also underlined the importance of dialogue with the target group and taking young people's experiences into account when providing information about cannabis.ConclusionCurrent risk awareness associated with cannabis use among young adults is insufficient to prevent them from using cannabis. Public prevention information should preferably combine a fact-based focus on risks with recognition of cannabis' short-term desired effects, delivered by credible senders with authority or those with whom young people can identify.
Using Information Available at the Time of Donor Offer to Predict Kidney Transplant Survival Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Prediction Models
Authors: Riley Stephanie , Zhang Qing , Tse Wai-Yee , Connor Andrew , Wei Yinghui 
Published: June 2022

Statistical models that can predict graft and patient survival outcomes following kidney transplantation could be of great clinical utility. We sought to appraise existing clinical prediction models for kidney transplant survival outcomes that could guide kidney donor acceptance decision-making. We searched for clinical prediction models for survival outcomes in adult recipients with single kidney-only transplants. Models that require information anticipated to become available only after the time of transplantation were excluded as, by that time, the kidney donor acceptance decision would have already been made. The outcomes of interest were all-cause and death-censored graft failure, and death. We summarised the methodological characteristics of the prediction models, predictive performance and risk of bias. We retrieved 4,026 citations from which 23 articles describing 74 models met the inclusion criteria. Discrimination was moderate for all-cause graft failure (C-statistic: 0.570–0.652; Harrell’s C: 0.580–0.660; AUC: 0.530–0.742), death-censored graft failure (C-statistic: 0.540–0.660; Harrell’s C: 0.590–0.700; AUC: 0.450–0.810) and death (C-statistic: 0.637–0.770; Harrell’s C: 0.570–0.735). Calibration was seldom reported. Risk of bias was high in 49 of the 74 models, primarily due to methods for handling missing data. The currently available prediction models using pre-transplantation information show moderate discrimination and varied calibration. Further model development is needed to improve predictions for the purpose of clinical decision-making.Systematic Review Registration:https://osf.io/c3ehp/l.
Ultrasound and laser Doppler ﬂowmetry assessment of jaw muscle hypertonia in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Makedonova Yu. A. , Vorobev A. A. , Kurkina O. N. , Osyko A. N. , Alexandrov A. V. , Dyachenko D. Yu. 
Published: June 2022

Relevance. Spastic cerebral palsy is one of the most common forms of cerebral palsy, in which muscular hypertonia, including jaw muscles, is present. To date, there is no universal algorithm for muscle hypertonia. The diagnosis is made based on complaints and data from an electromyographic study. This paper describes and proves the rationale for including ultrasound and laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in additional diagnostic methods.Material and methods. We examined 84 children with cerebral palsy using ultrasound and LDF to study the state of the mastication muscles. The ultrasound examination determined the structure and thickness of the masseter and temporal muscles and detected trigger points and the infiltration site. LDF was performed both at rest and after an occlusal test, which allows assessing the reserve capacities of the mastication muscles. We compared the received data with a group of healthy subjects of the same age.Results. Ultrasound parameters and LDF data differed from the control group. The ultrasound examination revealed trigger points for the first time without patients’ complaints. Congestion caused by damage to muscle cells is characteristic of the local blood flow in children with cerebral palsy. The results of the occlusal test evidenced the mastication muscle compensation abilities, which clinicians should consider during treatment planning.Conclusion. The received data will help dentists diagnose and treat muscle hypertonia, which will prevent pathology deterioration.
The role of Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 in oral diseases in children
Authors: Ivanovskii V. A. , Antonova I. N. , Molokova V. A. 
Published: June 2022

Relevance. Herpes virus infections are the most common and poorly controllable viral infections. There are many difficulties in herpetic lesion verification and treatment in dental practice.Purpose. The study aimed to present the results of a foreign publication investigation on the role of herpes simplex virus type 1 in the development of oral diseases in children.Material and methods. Foreign scientific articles about the oral HSV-1 infections published from 2018 to 2022 formed the basis for the study. The study searched the publications on PubMed and Google Scholar bases.Results. The article presents the newest data on the prevalence, clinical characteristics and diagnosis of oral HSV infection in children. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis (PHGS), chronic recurrent herpetic gingivostomatitis, chronic recurrent herpes labialis are the main clinical presentations of herpes infection diagnosed in a dental practice. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is very common in children aged six months to fve years and occurs in newborns from 2 to 43 days of life. Modern virology success can improve diagnosis and treatment of oral herpetic lesions.Conclusion. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is an acute infectious disease that requires the joint attention of a general practitioner and a dentist to ensure comprehensive treatment.
Oral ﬂuid immunological characteristics in children with congenital cleft palate and a postoperative defect
Authors: Chuykin S. V. , Davletshin N. A. , Mochalov K. S. , Akatieva G. G. , Chuykin O. S. , Makusheva N. V. , Kuchuk K. N. , Ganieva R.. A. 
Published: June 2022

Relevance. The lack of anatomical differentiation between the oral cavity and the nasal cavity in children with congenital cleft palate leads to the deterioration of saliva characteristics affecting dental and periodontal disease progression. The oral fluid immunological profile may provide information about the nature of the inflammatory processes and changes in the reaction to the ongoing therapy.Material and methods. The article presents the results of the oral fluid enzyme immunoassay in 109 children aged 6-12 years with congenital cleft palate and a postoperative defect and in 50 practically healthy children of the same age. The study determined the levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines and secretory immunoglobulin sIgA in the oral fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results. The study of children aged 6-12 years with congenital cleft palate and a postoperative defect revealed hyperstimulation of oral fluid pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines and a decrease in secretory immunoglobulin sIgA mean level.Conclusion. The oral fluid immunological complexes imbalance in children with congenital cleft palate and a postoperative residual defect is a progressive factor for the development and chronicity of oral inflammatory diseases.The received data evidence the local inflammatory process and a decrease in the oral fluid local protective factors, which one must consider to develop methods for improving the condition of organs and tissues of the oral cavity in children with congenital cleft palate during preparation for surgery to eliminate the residual defect.
Imagens de exílio na obra de Albert Camus
Authors: Paiva Rita 
Published: June 2022

Ao apontar para a pluralidade de imagens de exílio na obra camusiana, este texto procura refletir sobre duas delas. Primeiramente, aborda a imagem de um exílio ontológico, cuja marca chancela o humano e define essa condição; em seguida, busca problematizar o fato de que a recusa ou a dificuldade para assumir esta realidade, que se impõe a todo ser consciente, opera uma imagem outra de exílio, agora resultante de deliberações humanas. Este movimento instaura a incapacidade de compreender que o exílio que nos é constitutivo, o ontológico, a um só tempo nos separa do mundo e define nossa pertença ao cosmos.
O monismo ontológico de Luís Augusto Fischer em Duas formações, uma história: das ideias fora do lugar ao perspectivismo ameríndio
Authors: Faleiros Álvaro 
Published: June 2022

Ensaio crítico a partir da obra Duas formações, uma história: das ideias fora do lugar ao perspectivismo ameríndio, de Luís Augusto Fischer à luz de uma possível poética histórica equivocal.
Реалізація зближення коливних систем на основі принципу розтягування часу
Authors: Чикрій Грета Цолаківна , Кузьменко Віктор Миколайович 
Published: June 2022

Розглянуто задачу зближення двох керованих систем, що описують динаміку математичних маятників, в якій один із обʼєктів прагне досягти цієї зустрічі, а інший — уникнути її. З метою застосування схеми першого прямого методу Л.С. Понтрягіна до її вирішення знадобилася модифікація цього методу, що базується на застосуванні принципу розтягування часу. Причина полягає у тому, що для цієї задачі не виконано умову Понтрягіна, що лежить в основі першого прямого методу і фактично забезпечує можливість побудови керування переслідувача у кожний момент часу за поточним керуванням втікача. Ця умова відображає перевагу переслідувача над втікачем в ресурсах керування, що виражена через параметри систем. Використовується модифікація умови Понтрягіна, що містить так звану функцію розтягування часу, яка грає вирішальну роль при побудові керування переслідувача по керуванню втікача у минулому. Це тотожно до використання інформації, що запізнюється. Для досліджуваної задачі запропоновано функцію розтягування часу та виводяться умови, що забезпечують можливість зустрічі обʼєктів у визначений скінченний момент. Також приведено формули, що описують спосіб побудови керування переслідувача керуванням супротивника у минулому. Використовуючи програмні засоби, створено візуальну ілюстрацію процесу зближення на площині за умови, що втікач рухається по сталій орбіті. Описаний алгоритм розрахунку формули поточного керування переслідувача гарантує зустріч обʼєктів.
Hadits Tentang Pendidikan Akhlak dan Pendidikan Sosial
Authors: Astuti Nita Yuli , Sujati Budi 
Published: June 2022

In Islam, moral education is education that comes from religious teachings and community culture by creating tranquility, tranquility, and peace in life. In Islamic teachings, we know the term hablumminannas, where we can see well with humans. This is one of the goals of moral education, where humans can relate and do good with others. Because we are supposed to be social beings who will always need other people. In a hadith clearly shows that the Prophet SAW was very fond of people who are noble and people who talk the most. In addition, another hadith also explains that we are commanded to love others, even as we love ourselves. The implementation of this love is to help each other and provide benefits to others. The love that is given to this fellow with the differences that exist, so that it doesn't happen.
Keywords: Hadits, Education, Morals, Social
Peranan Perempuan Dalam Ranah Jihad
Authors: Rozikin Ahmad Khoirur 
Published: June 2022

Banyak yang meyakni dan memaknai bahwa Jihad fisik adalah jihad yang sesuai dengan tuntunan Islam, dan hal tersebut melahirkan gerakan ekstrem, baik dengan cara bom bunuh diri, atau mencenderai sesama manusia. Banyak juga yang memahami bahwa ranah jihad hanya tertuju pada kaum adam saja, tanpa memperdulikan peran seorang wanita dalam ranah jihad.
Jihad tidak bisa hanya dimaknai dengan mengangkat senjata atau perang. Pemaknaan jihad lebih dari itu. Pun Jihad tidak bisa hanya dikuasai oleh para lelaki saja. Peranan wanita yang bertugas sebagai ibu rumah tangga, yang mengasuh dan merawat anak merupakan tugas yang berat, dan bisa dimaknai sebagai jihad. Bahkan seorang yang menuntut ilmu pun juga bisa dikatakan sebagai jihad.
Dengan memakai metode library research, tulisan ini mengangkat peranan wanita dalam ranah jihad. Apa saja peranan wanita yang masuk dalam ranah jihad. Dan bagaimana peranan para istri Nabi Muhammad ketika kaum muslimin sedan berperang.
Penulis menyimpulkan, bahwa peranan wanita khususnya di zaman sekarang, jihadnya tidak kalah penting dengan jihad para sahabat wanita di zaman Rasul. Mencari ilmu dengan statuss pelajar, merawat anak-anaknya, taat kepada suami, termasuk jihad bagi perempuan.
Traditional and new electrocardiographic predictors of non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia caused by drug-induced long QT syndrome
Authors: Kalatsei L. V. , Snezhitskiy V. A. 
Published: June 2022

Aim. To identify electrocardiographic (ECG) predictors of drug-induced non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PVT).Material and methods. The study included 110 patients with ischemic heart disease and /or arterial hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias who were taking class III antiarrhythmic drugs (amiodarone or sotalol). According to the presence or absence of the drug-induced QT interval prolongation (Bazett) (greater than 450 ms in men and greater than 470 ms in women), the patients were divided into 2 groups: «LQTS» (n=64) and «Non LQTS» (n=46). According to the presence or absence of non-sustained PVT, patients with drug-induced LQTS were additionally divided into the «PVT» (n=17) and «Non PVT» (n=47) groups. All patients underwent clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations, which included taking anamnesis, physical examination, echocardiography, Holter monitoring, general clinical laboratory examinations, 12-lead ECG recording before and while taking antiarrhythmic drugs.Results. In the «LQTS» group of patients, PVT was significantly more common than in the «non LQTS» group (p=0.017). When analyzing the baseline ECG parameters recorded before the initiation of antiarrhythmic therapy, no significant differences were found between the groups except for a greater QT interval dispersion in the group of patients with LQTS and non-sustained PVT compared with patients without LQTS (p=0.03). While receiving antiarrhythmic therapy, patients with LQTS and non-sustained PVT had a longer duration of the QT interval (p<0.05), as well as the duration of the corrected QT and JT intervals (p<0.001) compared with group of patients without LQTS and subgroup without non-sustained PVT. The values of the parameters of the balance of depolarization and repolarization of the ventricular myocardium (iCEB and iCEBc) were significantly higher in patients with LQTS and non-sustained PVT (p<0.001). Based on the results of the analysis of contingency tables, the most effective predictor of non-sustained PVT was an iCEBc value ≥5.81 (OR=7.294, 95% CI [4,245-11,532]). According to the results of one-way ROC-analysis, the iCEBc value ≥5.81 demonstrated high sensitivity (94.1%) and specificity (84.9%), as well as a fairly high area under the ROC-curve (0.901).Conclusions. Our results indicate that the value of the corrected index of the cardioelectrophysiological balance ≥5.81 can be used in the prediction of non-sustained PVT in patients with QT interval prolongation induced by amiodarone and sotalol in addition to the existing ECG parameters.
Challenges of the practical applications of solid-state nanopore platforms for sensing biomolecules
Authors: Taniguchi Masateru 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nanopores are cost-effective digital platforms, which can rapidly detect and identify biomolecules at the single-molecule level with high accuracy via the changes in ionic currents. Furthermore, nanoscale deoxyribonucleic acid and proteins, as well as viruses and bacteria that are as small as several hundred nanometers and several microns, respectively, can be detected and identified by optimizing the diameters of a nanopore according to the sample molecule. Thus, this review presents an overview of the methods for fabricating nanopores, as well as their electrical properties, followed by an overview of the transport properties of ions and analyte molecules and the methods for electrical signal analysis. Thus, this review addresses the challenges of the practical application of nanopores and the countermeasures for mitigating them, thereby accelerating the construction of digital networks to secure the safety, security, and health of people globally.
Approximate Noise-Whitening in MIMO Detection via Banded-Inverse Extension
Authors: Hu Sha , Wang Hao 
Published: June 2022

<p>In this paper, we propose a novel approximate noise-whitening for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) detection with banded-inverse extension (BIE). If the noise covariance matrix origins from a Gauss-Markov process (GMP), the inverse is banded and the proposed method is exact yielding no accuracy-losses. For general matrices to be inverted, the approximation-errors introduce a mismatched MIMO detection-model, which can cause performance-degradation. Hence, we further develop an information-theoretic tool using generalized mutual information (GMI) to assess the impacts from approximation-errors on the final achievable rate. We show that the approximate noise-whitening method based on BIE not only minimizes the noise distortion measured from Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, but also maximizes the GMI of the MIMO system asymptotically as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases. Besides, the BIE also provides a unified framework for approximate matrix-inverse with an adjustable band-size.</p>
Burguesia e Extrema Direita no Brasil
Authors: Bugiato Caio , Freitas Sara 
Published: June 2022

Este texto é a apresentação do dossiê Burguesia e extrema direita no Brasil. A necessidade de um dossiê com essa temática no Brasil surge com a ascensão da extrema direita e a eleição do governo Bolsonaro. Nesse processo é possível intentificar uma tendência: a cooptação dos movimentos de extrema-direita pela burguesia. Como um movimento político tradicionalmente originado em camadas intermediárias das sociedades capitalistas, a ascensão da extrema-direita é acompanhada de influência, interferência e dominação da classe dominante sobre o processo. Uma a dinâmica de cooptação pelo alto, no passado e no presente, inclusive como constituição de hegemonia política. Dessa forma, apresentamos os artigos do dossiê, teóricos e de análise da conjuntura, que captam a relação entre a extrema direita, a burguesia e outros agentes políticos no Brasil.
ANALISIS STRUKTURAL KUMPULAN CERITA RAKYAT DAYAK JANGKANG TANJUNG DUSUN KOMPOR BARU DESA ENGKODE KECAMATAN MUKOK KABUPATEN SANGGAU
Authors: Beding Valentinus Ola , Heni Frideta 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan hasil analisis terhadap unsur intrinsik dan nilai moral dalam kumpulan cerita rakyak Dayak Jangkang Tanjung. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Kualitatif berbentuk Deskriptif. Peneliti menggunakan teknik observasi, teknik perekaman. Alat pengumpulan data lembar observasi, handpone android, kamera handpone. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ditemukan unsur intrinsik kumpulan cerita rakyat Dayak Jangkang Tanjung Dusun Kompor Baru Desa Engkode Kecamatan Mukok Kabupaten Sanggau memiliki 5 tema, terdapat alur cerita dengan jenis alur maju dan alur campuran, 8 latar waktu,18 latar tempat, 5 latar sosial, terdapat 30 penokohan dan perwatakan, sudut pandang dengan jenis campuran, gaya bahasa majas metafora, majas interupsi, dan bahasa yang biasa, serta terdapat 5 amanat. dalam kumpulan cerita rakyat juga terdapat nilai moral berkaitan manusia dengan Tuhan, hubungan antara manusia sesama manusia dan hubungan antara manusia dengan alam. Dari analisis struktural kumpulan cerita rakyat yang telah dikaji, ditemukan banyak hal positif yang dapat diterapkan di kehidupan untuk menjaga kebudayaan secara turun-temurun khususnya kebudayaan. Peneliti yang akan melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut agar memahami unsur struktural dalam kumpulan cerita rakyat Dayak Jangkang Tanjung Dusun Kompor Baru Desa Engkode Kecamatan Mukok Kabupaten Sanggau.