bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deescalating Follow-up After Hemithyroidectomy for Patients With Low-risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma
Authors: van Dijk Sam P. J. , Coerts Hannelore I. , Lončar Ivona , Verhoef Cornelis , Kruijff Schelto , Engelsman Anton F. , Peeters Robin P. , van Ginhoven Tessa M. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceStructural recurrent disease (RD) after surgical treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (mPTC) is rare. We hypothesized that the RD rate after hemithyroidectomy in low-risk patients with mPTC is low.ObjectiveTo assess the occurrence of RD in Dutch patients with mPTC who received surgical treatment according to the Dutch guidelines.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nationwide retrospective cohort study included all patients who had undergone surgery with a diagnosis of cN0/cNx mPTC in the Netherlands between January 2000 and December 2020 were identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry database. Patients with preoperative lymph node metastases were excluded. Two groups were defined: group 1 (incidental), mPTC in pathology report after thyroid surgery for another indication; and group 2 (nonincidental), patients with a preoperative highly suspect thyroid nodule (Bethesda 5) or proven mPTC (Bethesda 6). Dutch guidelines state that a hemithyroidectomy is sufficient in patients with unifocal, intrathyroidal mPTC.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe occurrence of RD in patients with low-risk mPTC after hemithyroidectomy.ResultsIn total, 1636 patients with mPTC were included. Patients had a median (IQR) follow-up time of 71 (32-118) months. Median (IQR) age at time of diagnosis was 51 (41-61) years and 1292 (79.0%) were women. Overall, RD after initial treatment was seen in 25 patients (1.5%). The median (IQR) time to RD was 8.2 (3.6-16.5) months and 22 of the 25 (88%) patients developed RD within 2 years. Recurrent disease was not significantly different between both groups (group 1, n = 15 [1.3%]; group 2, n = 10 [2.1%]; difference, 0.8%; 95% CI, –0.5% to 2.5%). Of the 484 patients with nonincidental mPTC (group 2), 246 (50.8%) patients were treated with a hemithyroidectomy and follow-up in accordance with Dutch guidelines. Lymph node metastases were found in 1 of 246 (0.4%) patients after hemithyreoidectomy, and new mPTC in the contralateral thyroid was detected in 3 of 246 (1.2%) patients. Median (IQR) follow-up of this patient group was 37 (18-71) months. The 10-year probability of RD was 1.3% for patients without vascular invasion and 24.4% for patients with vascular invasion.Conclusions and RelevanceThis nationwide cohort study found that overall, RD after hemithyroidectomy for patients with low-risk mPTC was rare (&amp;lt;2%). Based on these results, it seems reasonable to deescalate follow-up of patients with low-risk mPTC without vascular invasion after hemithyroidectomy. From a health care perspective, deescalation of follow-up may contribute to increased sustainability and accessibility to health care, both large challenges for the future.
Metavalent Bonding Origins of Unusual Properties of Group IV Chalcogenides
Authors: Arora Raagya , Waghmare Umesh V. , Rao C. N. R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA distinct type of metavalent bonding (MVB) is recently proposed to explain an unusual combination of anomalous functional properties of group IV chalcogenide crystals, whose electronic mechanisms and origin remain controversial. Through theoretical analysis of evolution of bonding along continuous paths in structural and chemical composition space, emergence of MVB in rocksalt chalcogenides is demonstrated as a consequence of weakly broken symmetry of parent simple‐cubic crystals of Group V metalloids. High electronic degeneracy at the nested Fermi surface of parent metal drives spontaneous breaking of its translational symmetry with structural and chemical fields, which open up a small energy gap and mediate strong coupling between conduction and valence bands making metavalent crystals highly polarizable, conductive, and sensitive to bond‐lengths. Stronger symmetry‐breaking structural and chemical fields, however, transform them discontinuously to covalent and ionic semiconducting states. MVB involves bonding‐antibonding pairwise interactions alternating along linear chains of at least five atoms, which facilitate long‐range electron transfer in response to polar fields causing unusual properties. The precise picture of MVB predicts anomalous second‐order Raman scattering as an addition to set off their unusual properties, and will guide in design of new metavalent materials with improved thermoelectric, ferroelectric and nontrivial electronic topological properties.
Decorating InSe Surface by Gold Species for Improved Carrier Transport and Efficient Sunlight Harvesting Toward High‐Performance Flexible Photodetectors
Authors: Li Zhongjun , Qiao Hui , Liu Fei , Zhou Yang , Zhang Yuan , Wang Yachao , Xu Feicui , Huang Guoyi , Yue Shiqin , Liu Wenlan , Zhao Huafu , Tan Hui , Li Weiping , Li Jianqing , Qi Xiang , Huang Zongyu , Wageh S. , Al‐Ghamdi Ahmed A. , Wang Bing , Zhang Han 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) materials have aroused widespread interest due to the high potential in modern photoelectronics. The strategy for improving the stability of 2D materials in the air, reinforcing formation, and transport of photoexcited carriers would open up promising routes toward flexible facilities. In this paper, surface engineering is executed on 2D InSe by decorating Au species for a lower bandgap allowing for efficient sunlight harvesting and decreased barrier with the substrate for improved electron transport. Moreover, hot electrons produced by Au nanoparticles under light irradiation pour into InSe for boosting photocurrent. Au nanoparticles also serve as conducting bridges in InSe−Au photoanode, where the contact resistance is two orders of magnitude lower than that of InSe electrode. Compared with InSe and other 2D counterparts, InSe−Au flexible photoelectrochemical detectors behave with outstanding performances under sunlight irradiation, including responsibility 55.4 µA W−1, detectivity 4.18 × 109 Jones. Importantly, the working electrode shows excellent ON/OFF switching stability after bending for 5000 times (3 months of storage in the air). This surface engineering provides a general strategy to tailor 2D materials for wearable photoelectronic devices in the future.
Polaronic Trions Induced by Strong Interfacial Coupling in Monolayer WSe2
Authors: Wang Yao , Liu Chaocheng , Duan Hengli , Li Zhi , Wang Chao , Feng Sihua , Liu Ruiqi , Hu Fengchun , Jia Hongfeng , Yu Huabin , Zhu Lin , Niu Yuran , Zakharov Alexei A. , Sun Haiding , Yan Wensheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe weak dielectric screening in 2D semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides give rise to strongly bound quasiparticles, which provides a platform to investigate the diverse excitonic phenomena and correlated physics. However, how to effectively control these quasiparticles is still a challenge for their applications in optoelectronic and valleytronic devices. Herein, by means of fabricating monolayer WSe2 and transition metal oxide (TMO) heterostructures, polaronic trion, that is a trion dressed with soft rotational optical (RO) phonons, is realized due to the strong interfacial coupling. This Fröhlich bound state of trion dramatically increases the trion binding energy (BE) from room temperature to 65 meV at 80 K in WSe2/LaAlO3 (LAO). However, the increase of the trion BE for WSe2/SrTiO3 (STO) occurs below the phase transition temperature. This work expands the possibilities of the TMDs/TMOs heterostructures and promotes the development of 2D van der Waals materials for quasiparticle‐based devices.
A Robust Constant–Voltage DC Triboelectric Nanogenerator Using the Ternary Dielectric Triboelectrification Effect
Authors: Li Qianying , Hu Yawen , Yang Qianxi , Li Xiaochuan , Zhang Xuemei , Yang Huake , Ji Peiyuan , Xi Yi , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNowadays, the development of direct current triboelectric nanogenerators (DC‐TENGs) is oriented toward practical applications such as real‐time efficient harvesting and supplying energy. This demands DC‐TENGs with a low loss factor, high energy utilization efficiency, device portability, and output stability. Herein, a constant‐voltage DC‐TENG (C‐DC‐TENG) with robust output performance, using the ternary dielectric triboelectrification effect is demonstrated, which gives a crest factor of 1.0082. The key to improving the output charge density is the number of subdivision units, a result of theoretical simulations and experiments of C‐DC‐TENG. The optimized C‐DC‐TENG achieves not only an output charge density of 3.902 mC m−2 per round but also an average power density of 8.77 W m−2 (3.508 W m−2 Hz−1), which both set a new record for the rotary DC‐TENG. Moreover, introducing soft polyester fur enables C‐DC‐TENG to maintain 100% output without wear after 800 000 cycles. This C‐DC‐TENG is faultlessly competent for powering 2784 LEDs in series and 25 parallel‐connected hygrothermographs continuously. This work provides a promising technique for large‐scale clean energy harvesting, accelerating the progress toward practical applications of DC‐TENG.
Runoff and nutrient losses in extended and conventional crop rotations
Authors: Logsdon Sally D. , O'Brien Peter L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractManagement systems prioritizing surface ground cover throughout the year, such as extended crop rotations with perennial phases or reduced tillage, may be more resilient to changing weather regimes associated with climate change. The purpose of this study was to determine if the benefits observed in perennial phases, including increased infiltration and reduced runoff and erosion, persisted in the annual crop phases. We conducted rainfall simulations at four landscape positions in a 7‐yr rotation with ridge tillage and in a conventional corn–soybean system. From data paired by landscape position across 4 yr, the 7‐yr rotation had significantly higher infiltration and lower runoff than the conventional field, although sediment and nutrient losses were similar. Runoff was correlated with ground cover, highlighting the importance of tillage practices and residue removal on the infiltration capacity of these systems. Overall, these results indicate that the lasting benefits of extended crop rotations, such as increased porosity and aggregate stability, coupled with a direct effect of increased ground cover, led to improved infiltration and less runoff during the annual crop phases.
Performance of autonomous recorders to detect a cryptic and endangered primate species, the black lion‐tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus)
Authors: Zambolli André H. , Manzano Maria Carolina R. , Honda Laura Kyoko , Rezende Gabriela C. , Culot Laurence 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInformation about species distribution is important for conservation but the monitoring of populations can demand a high sampling effort with traditional methods (e.g., line transects, sound playback) that are poorly efficient for cryptic primates, such as the black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus). Here we investigated the effectiveness of passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) as an alternative method to identify the presence of vocalizing lion tamarins in the wild. We aimed to: (1) determine the maximum distance at which autonomous recorders (Song Meter 3) and Raven Pro acoustic software can respectively detect and identify lion tamarin long calls emitted by two captive subjects (ex situ study); and (2) determine the sampling effort required to confirm the presence of the species in the wild (in situ study). In captive settings, we recorded lion tamarin long calls with one to two autonomous recorders operating at increasing distances from the animals' enclosure (8−202 m). In a 515 ha forest fragment, we deployed 12 recorders in a grid, 300 m apart from each other, within the estimated 100 ha home range of one group, and let them record for 10 consecutive days, totaling 985 h. In the ex situ study, hand‐browsing of spectrograms yielded 298 long calls emitted from 8 to 194 m, and Raven's Template Detector identified 54.6% of them, also emitted from 8 to 194 m. In the in situ study, we manually counted 1115 long calls, and the Raven's Template Detector identified 44.75% of them. Furthermore, the presence of lion tamarins was confirmed within 1 day using four randomly sorted recorders, whereas 5 days on average were necessary with only one device. While specific protocols still need to be developed to determine primate population size using this technology, we concluded that PAM is a promising tool when considering long term costs and benefits.
An All‐Natural Wood‐Inspired Aerogel
Authors: Han Zi‐Meng , Sun Wen‐Bin , Yang Kun‐Peng , Yang Huai‐Bin , Liu Zhao‐Xiang , Li De‐Han , Yin Chong‐Han , Liu Hao‐Cheng , Zhao Yu‐Xiang , Ling Zhang‐Chi , Guan Qing‐Fang , Yu Shu‐Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe oriented pore structure of wood endows it with a variety of outstanding properties, among which the low thermal conductivity has attracted researchers to develop wood‐like aerogels as excellent thermal insulation materials. However, the increasing demands of environmental protection have put forward new and strict requirements for the sustainability of aerogels. Here, we report an all‐natural wood‐inspired aerogel consisting of all‐natural ingredients and develop a method to activate the surface‐inert wood particles to construct the aerogel. The obtained wood‐inspired aerogel has channel structure similar to that of natural wood, endowing it with superior thermal insulation properties to most existing commercial sponges. In addition, remarkable fire retardancy and complete biodegradability are integrated. With the above outstanding performances, this sustainable wood‐inspired aerogel will be an ideal substitute for the existing commercial thermal insulation materials.
Light‐Activated Translation of Different mRNAs in Cells via Wavelength‐Dependent Photouncaging
Authors: Bollu Amarnath , Klöcker Nils , Špaček Petr , P. Weissenboeck Florian , Hüwel Sabine , Rentmeister Andrea 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe 5′ cap is a hallmark of eukaryotic mRNA involved in the initiation of translation. Its modification with a single photo‐cleavable group can bring translation of mRNA under the control of light. However, UV irradiation causes cell stress and downregulation of translation. Furthermore, complex processes often involve timed expression of more than one gene. The approach would thus greatly benefit from the ability to photo‐cleave by blue light and to control more than one mRNA at a time. We report the synthesis of a 5′ cap modified with a 7‐(diethylamino)coumarin (CouCap) and adapted conditions for in vitro transcription. Translation of the resulting CouCap‐mRNA is muted in vitro and in mammalian cells, and can be initiated by irradiation with 450 nm. The native cap is restored and no non‐natural residues nor sequence alterations remain in the mRNA. Multiplexing for two different mRNAs was achieved by combining cap analogs with coumarin‐ and ortho‐nitrobenzyl‐based photo‐cleavable groups.
Formulation lyotropic liquid crystals from palm oil‐based monoacylglycerols
Authors: Diep Tung T. , Yoo Michelle J. Y. , Do Thong T. H. , Luu Hau K. D. , Nguyen Tuan T. , Dao Duy N. , Nguyen Viet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) made of monoacylglycerols (MAGs) are rich in potential for food and pharmaceutical applications but the understandings of these materials are quite limited. This study, therefore, precisely demonstrated the formation of some LLCs based on the combination of two palm oil‐based MAGs (distilled and non‐distilled) with water and a triblock copolymer (Pluronic F127). X‐ray diffraction results showed that the main lyotropic mesophase obtained from palm oil‐based MAGs was lamellar phase (Lα) while dynamic light scattering results revealed that these LLC particles had a size range from 0.5 to 4 μm (after 5 min homogenization at 12,000 rpm). LLC dispersions made of both palm oil‐based MAGs/water mixtures were shear‐thinning fluids and the sample owning a higher concentration of MAGs had a higher yield stress as well as a higher storage modulus.
Studies of polyurethane foams prepared with hybrid silicon and hydroxymethylated lignin
Authors: Cheng Shijin , Pang Xufu , Jiang Guiquan , Pang Jiuyin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractToday's petrochemical resources are increasingly strained, and the search for renewable, green, and environmentally friendly clean biomass energy has become a necessity. In order to increase the total hydroxyl content of lignin, enhance its reactivity, and replace some polyols in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foam, alkali lignin was extracted and purified from papermaking black liquid, and the lignin was modified by a hydroxymethylation. Rigid polyurethane foam is extremely flammable, and it is very important for rigid polyurethane foam to reduce its flammability using low smoke, nontoxic, nonhalogenated flame retardants. The waste polyurethane foam was treated by a high‐temperature calcination process to create a halogen‐free flame‐retardant hybrid silicon. The flame‐retardant modified rigid polyurethane foam was synthesized by replacing some of polyols with hydroxymethylated lignin and using hybrid silicon as flame retardant. The process conditions used to prepare the hydroxymethylated lignin were optimized based on the response surface method. The optimal conditions used 33 g of formaldehyde, a reaction temperature of 86°C, a reaction time 2.2 h, and a total hydroxyl content of 14.862 mg KOH/g. Analysis of infrared (IR) spectra confirmed that lignin was successfully modified by the hydroxymethylation reaction. Raman spectra (RS) and IR measurements showed that the hybrid silicon foams contained Si3N4, SiC, and SiO2. The apparent densities of the modified polyurethane foams ranged from 39.5–49.6 kg/m3; the compressive strengths were between 0.184 and 0.241 MPa, and the thermal conductivities ranged from 0.019–0.025 W/(m‧K). The flame‐retardant polyurethane foams prepared from the hybrid silicon foams reached a maximum limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 28.5%. Thermogravimetric (TG) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) results showed that the hybrid silicon improved the thermal stability of rigid polyurethane foam and increased the amount of carbon residue remaining after decomposition of the foam. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the flame retardants were uniformly distributed in the hybrid foam and the cell size was uniform.
Improved thermal conductivity of epoxy resins using silane coupling agent‐modified expanded graphite
Authors: Jiang Di , Chu Na , Zhang Yue , Wang Wei‐Dong , Jin Fan‐Long , Park Soo‐Jin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA silane coupling agent was used to modify the surface of expanded graphite (EG), which was subsequently used as a thermally conductive filler to fabricate diglycidylether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA)/EG composites with high thermal conductivity via hot blending and compression‐curing processes. The surface characteristics of silane coupling agent‐modified EG (Si@EG) were characterized by a variety of analytical techniques. The effects of the Si@EG content on the thermal conductivity, thermal stability, impact strength, and morphology of the DGEBA/Si@EG composites were investigated. The results revealed that the addition of 80 wt.% Si@EG increased the thermal conductivity of the composites from 0.17 to 10.56 W/m K, which was 61.1 times higher than that of pristine DGEBA. The initial decomposition temperature of the composite containing 80 wt.% Si@EG was 60.6°C higher than that of pristine DGEBA. The impact strength of the composites decreased from 2.0 to 0.87 kJ/m2 when the Si@EG content increased from 0 to 80 wt.%. The scanning electron microscopy images of the fractured surfaces revealed that the EG sheets in the DGEBA matrix formed a continuous thermally conductive path at high Si@EG contents.
γ‐irradiation hardness investigations of (PANI)1−x(Bi2Te3)x composites for thermistor applications
Authors: Shalaby Mustafa Saeed , Abdelhaleem Soraya , Taha Eman O. , Yousif Nashwa M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe (PANI)1−x(Bi2Te3)x composites were successfully synthesized. These composites have a simple physical combination of intrinsic conducting polymer and nanocrystal topological insulator materials which are promising new materials for unusual applications. The influence of γ‐irradiation (100 kGy doses) on the performance of the (PANI)1−x(Bi2Te3)x composites was described by atypical techniques to assess the radiation hardness of the samples. X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy measurements show the semi‐crystalline phases, the other structural parameters, and the phonon modes. The compositional analysis and the morphological properties were investigated by energy‐dispersive X‐ray, while transmission electron microscopy imaging confirmed the morphology of the dopants of Bi2Te3 nanoparticles into the polyaniline (PANI) matrix, which shows the accumulation of the particles. Thermogravimetric analysis figured out the degradation behavior of the compositions. The representative electron spin resonance (ESR) signal exhibits a narrow single‐line ESR spectrum for PANI/Bi2Te3 nanoparticle concentrations. (PANI)1−x(Bi2Te3)x illustrates unexpected ferromagnetic behavior that confirms the magnetic performance of the samples without introducing any magnetic dopants. The obtained materials showed promising performance for using such hybrid materials as a positive temperature coefficient thermistor.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Cyclopelta obscura (Lepeletier & Serville, 1825) (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea: Dinidoridae) and phylogenetic analysis of Pentatomoidea species
Authors: Yan Baorong , Chen Shunde 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCyclopelta obscura is a crop pest, which mainly damages legumes, especially Robinia pseudoacacia and Cercis chinensis. In recent years, many mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences of C. obscura have been sequenced and used for phylogenetic inference. However, the complete mitogenome has not been reported yet and studies on the phylogenetic relationships within Dinidoridae are rare. In this study, we sequenced the mitogenome of C. obscura and conducted comparative mitogenomic analyses of seven Dinidoridae species based on several different factors. The length of the mitogenome is 15,426 bp, which includes 37 typical mitochondrial genes (13 protein‐coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, and 2 rRNAs) and a control region (796 bp long), as well as 13 intergenic spacers and 8 overlapping regions. Most PCGs of C. obscura began with the classical start codon ATN, while cox1 and nad4l used TTG, and nad1 used GTG. The Dinidoridae mitogenomes are highly conserved in terms of nucleotide composition, the codon usage of PCGs, and the secondary structure of tRNA. Phylogenetic analysis based on four datasets with two methods recovered the Dinidoridae as a monophyletic group with strong support values. All results indicate that Dinidoridae formed a sister group to Tessaratomidae, and (Tessaratomidae + Dinidoridae) formed a sister group to Cydnidae in most of the phylogenetic trees. Additionally, seven species within the Dinidoridae, we observed the following relationship: (Eumenotes sp. + (Cyclopelta parva + C. obscura)) + ((Megymenum gracilicorne + Megymenum brevicorne) + (Coridius chinensis + Coridius brunneu)).