bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When language‐general and language‐specific processes are in conflict: The case of sub‐syllabic word segmentation in toddlers
Authors: Babineau Mireille , Emond Emeryse , Shi Rushen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInfants use statistics‐based word segmentation strategies from the preverbal stage. Statistical segmentation is, however, constrained by the Onset Bias, a language‐universal principle that disfavors segmentation that harms syllable integrity. Children eventually learn language‐specific exceptions to this principle. For instance, sub‐syllabic parsing occurs for vowel‐initial words in French liaison contexts, that is, when a word's final consonant surfaces as the following word's syllabic onset (e.g., /n/ in un /n/éléphant). In past research, French‐learning 24‐month‐olds succeeded in parsing a vowel‐initial pseudo‐word surfacing with variable liaison consonants. This study further investigated infants' liaison representation, its potential impacts on parsing, and its interaction with the Onset Bias. In Experiments 1 and 2, French‐learning 24‐month‐olds were familiarized with pseudo‐words with variable liaison‐like versus nonliaison‐like onset consonants, preceded by words that cannot trigger those onsets (e.g., un zonche; un gonche). We found no mis‐segmentation as vowel‐initial and successful segmentation as consonant‐initial. In Experiment 3, when the preceding words could trigger a liaison consonant that matched the onset of the following word (e.g., un nonche), infants showed a vowel‐initial mis‐interpretation, against the Onset Bias, revealing an effect of liaison knowledge. These results demonstrate that toddlers balance their use of language‐general principles/strategies and language‐specific knowledge during early acquisition.
Coping in the time of COVID‐19: Mindsets and the stories we tell
Authors: Becker Whitney , Burnette Jeni L. , Hoyt Crystal L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAcross two studies (N = 803), we explored how meaning‐making systems (i.e., mindsets and narrative identity) are related to each other as well as to coping in the wake of challenges faced during the COVID‐19 pandemic. In Study 1, we find that struggle‐is‐enhancing, relative to struggle‐is‐debilitating, mindsets predicted stories defined by elements of personal control with opportunities for growth (agency) and an emphasis on the positive, rather than on the suffering (redemptive). Stronger enhancing mindsets and agentic as well as redemptive narratives predicted more adaptive coping, including less negative affect, less avoidance, and positive expectations for future success. In Study 2, we replicated these fundamental findings and explored relations with wellbeing. Struggle‐is‐enhancing, relative to debilitating, mindsets related to greater wellbeing as did agency and redemptive stories. Overall, creating meaning from struggle, crafting tales with more positive themes, and using active coping show promise for future work focused on enhancing social, emotional, and psychological wellbeing.
Relationship between inbreeding and milk production traits in two Italian dairy sheep breeds
Authors: Cesarani Alberto , Mastrangelo Salvatore , Congiu Michele , Portolano Baldassare , Gaspa Giustino , Tolone Marco , Macciotta Nicolò P. P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe effects of inbreeding in livestock species breeds have been well documented and they have a negative impact on profitability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of inbreeding in Sarda (SAR,n = 785) and Valle del Belice (VdB,n = 473) dairy sheep breeds and their impact on milk production traits. Two inbreeding coefficients (F) were estimated: using pedigree (FPED), or runs of homozygosity (ROH;FROH) at different minimum ROH lengths and different ROH classes. After the quality control, 38,779 single nucleotide polymorphisms remained for further analyses. A mixed‐linear model was used to evaluate the impact of inbreeding coefficients on production traits within each breed. VdB showed higher inbreeding coefficients compared to SAR, with both breeds showing lower estimates as the minimum ROH length increased. Significant inbreeding depression was found only for milk yield, with a loss of around 7 g/day (for SAR) and 9 g/day (VdB) for a 1% increase ofFROH. The present study confirms how the use of genomic information can be used to manage intra‐breed diversity and to calculate the effects of inbreeding on phenotypic traits.
Effects of arginine vasopressin on the transcriptome of prefrontal cortex in autistic rat model
Authors: Zhou Bo , Yan Xuehui , Yang Liu , Zheng Xiaoli , Chen Yunhua , Liu Yibu , Ren Yibing , Peng Jingang , Zhang Yi , Huang Jiayu , Tang Lei , Wen Min 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOur previous studies have also demonstrated that AVP can significantly improve social interaction disorders and stereotypical behaviours in rats with VPA‐induced autism model. To further explore the mechanisms of action of AVP, we compared the PFC transcriptome changes before and after AVP treatment in VPA‐induced autism rat model. The autism model was induced by intraperitoneally injected with VPA at embryonic day 12.5 and randomly assigned to two groups: the VPA‐induced autism model group and the AVP treatment group. The AVP treatment group were treated with intranasal AVP at postnatal day 21 and for 3 weeks. The gene expression levels and function changes on the prefrontal cortex were measured by RNA‐seq and bioinformatics analysis at PND42 and the mRNA expression levels of synaptic and myelin development related genes were validated by qPCR. Our results confirmed that AVP could significantly improve synaptic and axon dysplasia and promote oligodendrocyte development in the prefrontal cortex in VPA‐induced autism models by regulating multiple signalling pathways.
Effects of calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament on push‐out bond strength of endodontic sealers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Alhajj Mohammed Nasser , Daud Fadhilah , Al‐Maweri Sadeq Ali , Johari Yanti , Ab‐Ghani Zuryati , Jaafar Mariatti , Naito Yoshihito , Prananingrum Widyasri , Ariffin Zaihan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament on the push‐out bond strength of resin‐based and calcium silicate‐based endodontic sealers.MethodsA comprehensive search of was conducted for all relevant in‐vitro studies. All randomized controlled in‐vitro studies that evaluated the effect of calcium hydroxide on the push‐out bond strength of resin‐based or calcium silicate‐based endodontic sealers were assessed. The variables of interest were extracted, and the risk of the included studies was evaluated. The standardized mean difference was calculated and the significance level was set at p value <0.05.ResultsA total of 26 studies were eligible for analysis. There were 45 independent comparison groups and 1009 recruited teeth. The pooled data showed no significant difference in push‐out bond strength between calcium hydroxide and control group in the resin‐based group (SMD = 0.03; 95% CI = −0.55, 0.60; p = 0.93), and calcium silicate‐based group (SMD = 0.02; 95% CI = −0.31, 0.35; p = 0.90). Most of the studies (21 out of 26) were at medium risk of bias and five studies showed a low risk of bias.ConclusionThe available evidence suggests that calcium hydroxide used as intracanal medication does not influence the push‐out bond strength of the resin‐ and calcium silicate‐based endodontic sealers.Clinical significanceThe results of this meta‐analysis suggest that calcium hydroxide used as intracanal medication does not influence the push‐out bond strength of resin‐based and calcium silicate‐based endodontic sealers.
Rethinking of positive effects of eggs on hair in East Asia
Authors: Jung Jina , Kwon Ki Han 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundOur bodies are a collection of nutrients. For healthy body production and activities, good nutrients must be balanced and supplied steadily. However, as modern people eat more irregular meals and fast food, they are running out of nutrients needed by the human body. As a result, research was conducted on the effect of eggs with good cost‐effectiveness on the human body and hair.PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the literature investigated to convey knowledge of the positive nutrients of modern people's nutrition and eggs.MethodsThese data were reviewed to identify agreement between each section and the unique guiding area. Regarding the survey criteria, it was finally decided that 31 papers were suitable for evaluating the purpose of research as follows. PRISMA flowcharts allow you to determine the number of records identified, included, and excluded.ResultsEggs are considered the most cost‐effective foods that deliver protein, biotin, choline, and vitamin A to the world, and eggs that can be easily consumed are known as nutritional foods because they contain protein, lipids, minerals, and embryonic development growth factors. It is widely consumed as a food that can be eaten by anyone, including the elderly and children.ConclusionsIn this study, eggs can be used as important data for modern people by delivering nutrients to the human body and hair of modern people and understanding positive nutrients.
Soybean oligosaccharides combined with probiotics reduce faecal odour compound content by improving intestinal microbiota in pigs
Authors: Du Lei , Qiu Xiaoyu , Zhu Siyuan , Liu Jingbo , Wang Jing , Wang Qi , Liu Zuohua , Yang Feiyun , Yun Tingting , Qi Renli 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs a potential prebiotic, soybean oligosaccharides (SBOS) can improve animal health by modulating gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to investigate the different effects of supplementing SBOS and supplementing SBOS plus probiotic on the growth and health of pigs. Three groups of growing pigs (n = 12) were fed with basal diet (Control), basal diet + 0.5% SBOS (SBOS), or basal diet +0.5% SBOS + 0.1% compound probiotics (SOP) for 42 days. Results showed that SBOS and SOP treatments had positive effects on the pigs in the experiment, and the latter was more effective. Compared with the control pigs, the average daily gain of SBOS group and SOP group slightly increased, SOP significantly increased the serum levels of growth hormone and thyroid hormone T3. Importantly, serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG and IgM), total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase in both treatments were increased significantly, SOP group most. Moreover, the faecal odour compounds of pigs, especially skatole, were significantly reduced by the treatments. Additionally, SOP significantly increased the diversity and richness of the faecal microbiota, both the treatments increased genera of norank_f_Muribaculaceae and Ruminococcaceae but reduced Lactobacillus. Correlation analysis indicated that Lactobacillus was significantly positively correlated with odour compounds, while Ruminococcaceae was the opposite. Conclusively, synbiotics combined with SBOS and probiotics had stronger promotion effects on the growth and health of pigs.
Alternative highland adaptations: organ masses and fur insulation in Afroalpine rodents
Authors: Lövy M. , Boratyński Z. , Okrouhlík J. , Svačinová L. , Meheretu Y. , Šumbera R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAnimals inhabiting high altitudes are exposed to low ambient temperatures and hypobaric hypoxic conditions. Such dual environmental pressure reinforces mechanisms to counteract demanding thermal environment and, at the same time, physiological constraints of reduced partial oxygen pressure. We investigated how a community of rodents inhabiting the Ethiopian Highlands responded to such dual pressure. We measured internal organ masses (spleen, kidney, liver, heart, and interscapular brown adipose tissue) and fur properties (length and density of hairs) inArvicanthis blicki,Lophuromys flavopunctatus,Otomys helleri,Stenocephalemys albocaudatus,S. sokolovi, andS. albipes. Phylogenetic vector and mixed regression analyses showed that all species, except forA. blicki, had large internal organs and long and/or dense fur, indicative of high internal heat production and good insulation properties. Instead,A. blickihad the largest interscapular brown adipose tissue, but the poorest fur insulation. The link between organ masses and fur insulation suggests different physiological heat economics among the rodent species. Furthermore,O. hellerihad the most similar lengths of hind and forelimbs, indicative of cursorial locomotion, that coincides in this species with large spleen. Cursorial species, which depend on endurance running, may require large spleens to secure a storage and on‐demand release of red blood cells for aerobic physiology during prolonged exercise in high altitudes. Altogether these findings suggest different mechanisms of maintaining thermal and exercise performance under inseparable hypoxic‐thermal conditions of the high‐altitude environment among the studied rodents.
Environmental filtering and mass effect are two important processes driving lake benthic diatoms: Results of a DNA metabarcoding study in a large lake
Authors: Rimet Frédéric , Canino Alexis , Chonova Teofana , Guéguen Julie , Bouchez Agnès 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEnvironmental filtering is often found to dominate assembly rules in diatoms. These microalgae are diverse, especially at subspecies level, and tend to exhibit a niche phylogenetic conservatism. Therefore, other rules, such as competition or mass effects, should be detectable when environmental gradients and dispersal barriers are limited. We used metabarcoding to analyse benthic littoral diatom communities in 153 sites in a large lake (Geneva) exhibiting weak geographical barriers and weak environmental gradients outside river estuaries. We assessed assembly rules using variance partitioning, phylogenetic and source tracking analyses. No phylogenetic over‐dispersion of communities, indicative of exclusive competition, was detected. Instead, we found these communities to be phylogenetically over‐clustered, indicating environmental filtering, which was even stronger near river estuaries where environmental gradients are stronger. Finally, using a Bayesian method (SourceTracker), we found that rivers flowing into the lake bring communities that settle, especially in sites close to estuaries. Rivers with the highest discharges are primarily responsible for immigration, explaining 27% of lake composition. Therefore, despite favourable conditions to observe other rules, our results support that diatom communities are prominently assembled by environmental filtering and immigration processes, in particular from rivers. However, this does not exclude that other assembly rules may be at play at a finer spatial, temporal and/or phylogenetic scale.
Possible expansion of Ixodes ricinus in the United Kingdom identified through the Tick Surveillance Scheme between 2013 and 2020
Authors: Gandy Sara L. , Hansford Kayleigh M. , Medlock Jolyon M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe tick Ixodes ricinus (Ixodida: Ixodidae, Linnaeus) is the main vector of several pathogens including Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. (agent of Lyme borreliosis) and tick‐borne encephalitis virus. Its distribution depends on many factors including suitable habitat, climate and presence of hosts. In this study, we present records of I. ricinus bites on humans, dogs (Canis lupus familiaris; Carnivora: Canidae, L.) and cats (Felis catus; Carnivora: Felidiae, L.) in the United Kingdom (UK) obtained through the Tick Surveillance Scheme between 2013 and 2020. We divided the UK into 20 km x 20 km grids and 9.2% (range 1.2%–30%) of grids had at least one record every year since 2013. Most regions reported a yearly increase in the percentage of grids reporting I. ricinus since 2013 and the highest changes occurred in the South and East England with 5%–6.7% of new grids reporting I. ricinus bites each year in areas that never reported ticks before. Spatiotemporal analyses suggested that, while all regions recorded I. ricinus in new areas every year, there was a yearly decline in the percentage of new areas covered, except for Scotland. We discuss potential drivers of tick expansion, including reforestation and increase in deer populations.
Soil water and nutrient availability interactively modify pollinator‐mediated directional and correlational selection on floral display
Authors: Wu Yun , Liu Guangli , Sletvold Nina , Duan Xuyu , Tong Zhaoli , Li Qingjun 
Published: October 2022

Summary
The individual and combined effects of abiotic factors on pollinator‐mediated selection on floral traits are not well documented.
To examine potential interactive effects of water and nutrient availability on pollinator‐mediated selection on three floral display traits of Primula tibetica, we manipulated pollination and nutrient availability in a factorial experiment, conducted at two common garden sites with different soil water content (natural vs addition).
We found that both water and nutrient availability affected floral trait expression in P. tibetica and that hand pollination increased seed production most when both nutrient content and water content were high, indicating joint pollen and resource limitation. We documented selection on all floral traits, and pollinators contributed to directional and correlational selection on plant height and number of flowers. Soil water and nutrient availability interactively influenced the strength of both pollinator‐mediated directional and correlational selection, with significant selection observed when nutrient or water availability was high, but not when none or both were added.
The results suggest that resource limitation constrains the response of P. tibetica to among‐individual variation in pollen receipt, that addition of nutrients or water leads to pollinator‐mediated selection and that effects of the two abiotic factors are nonadditive.
Live and let live: Residents' perspectives on alcohol and tobacco (mis)use in residential care facilities
Authors: de Graaf Lisette , Roelofs Tineke , Janssen Meriam , Luijkx Katrien 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol and tobacco use could cause health problems in older adults. Older adults who become in need of 24/7 care due to physical and/or neurological disabilities may need to move to a Residential Care Facility (RCF). RCFs aim to provide person‐centred care (PCC) to enhance quality of life (QoL) of residents.ObjectivesThis study aims to explore perspectives of residents on alcohol and tobacco use, which is essential to provide PCC.MethodsA qualitative research design was chosen, and semi‐structured interviews were conducted. Residents who use alcohol and/or tobacco and those who do not use these substances were purposively selected in two organisations on two types of units: psychogeriatric units and units providing care for residents with mainly physical disabilities. The results were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThematic analysis resulted in five themes: Current use and self‐reflection, knowledge and attitudes, addiction or habit, policies and availability, dependency versus autonomy.ConclusionResidents in this study value their autonomy regarding alcohol and tobacco use. They experience dependency on their (in)formal caregivers to use these substances and acknowledge that their use could cause a nuisance to others, challenging the ability of caregivers to implement PCC. Future research could assess how to integrate providing PCC to residents by offering choices and autonomy, while considering the addictive component of these substances, health and safety risks for all.Implications for practiceThis study could help care professionals to become aware of the habits and wishes of residents regarding alcohol and tobacco use and to discuss the possibilities and limitations within RCFs.
Investigation of the diagnostic performance of prick test with two environmental allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis: A study using intradermal test as the gold standard
Authors: Badulescu Elisa , Sofou Evi Ι. , Aleksandrova Svetlina , Chatzis Manolis , Saridomichelakis Manolis N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere are no studies investigating the correlation between prick test (PT) and intradermal test (IDT) with environmental allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD).ObjectivesTo investigate the correlation between PT and IDT for two environmental allergens, and to calculate the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index of PT, using IDT as the gold standard.Materials and methodsTwenty‐two dogs with AD were selected. PT was performed with glycerinated allergen extracts, along with negative and positive controls, using the Greer Prick System. Reactions were interpreted (positive/negative) subjectively and by using seven objective criteria, by an examiner blinded to the IDT results. IDT reactions to the same allergens were interpreted, subjectively and objectively, by another masked investigator. The agreement between PT and IDT, the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index of PT, using IDT as gold standard, were calculated.ResultsOn subjective evaluation, the correlation between PT and IDT was poor and sensitivity of PT was 0%. Of the seven criteria for the objective evaluation of PT, the best diagnostic performance was attained when allergen‐induced wheals were considered positive if their longest diameter was ≥8.5 mm. However, even then, the correlation with IDT was moderate, and the sensitivity of PT, albeit based on few positive IDT reactions, was low.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceAt least as performed herein, PT has a poor‐to‐moderate correlation with IDT, mainly as a consequence of the lack of positive PT reactions. Further studies are needed to improve PT technique, yet, meanwhile, it cannot be recommended as a substitute for IDT.
Further Insights Into the Timoshenko–Ehrenfest Beam Theory
Authors: Banerjee J.R. , Kennedy D. , Elishakoff I. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the theory of a Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam is revisited and given a new perspective with particular emphasis on the relative significances of the parameters underlying the theory. The investigation is intended to broaden the scope and applicability of the theory. It has been shown that the two parameters that characterize the Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam theory, namely the rotary inertia and the shear deformation, can be related, and hence, they can be combined into one parameter when predicting the beam’s free vibration behavior. It is explained why the effect of the shear deformation on the free vibration behavior of a Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam for any boundary condition will be always more pronounced than that of the rotary inertia. The range of applicability of the Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam theory for realistic problems is demonstrated by a set of new curves, which provide considerable insights into the theory.