bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What are the factors predictive of postoperative complications in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing stenting as a bridge to surgery?
Authors: Adachi Yuki , Tokunaga Ryuma , Matsumoto Katsutaka , Nakao Yosuke , Itoyama Rumi , Kuramoto Kazutoshi , Karashima Ryuichi , Nitta Hidetoshi , Tomiyasu Shinjiro , Baba Hideo , Takamori Hiroshi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveUsing a self‐expanding metal stent as a bridge to surgery (BTS) is considered a reasonable strategy for patients with acute malignant large bowel obstruction. Since postoperative complications have a negative impact on patient survival, we aim to clarify the predictors of complications in patients undergoing BTS using a self‐expanding metal stent.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of 61 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who underwent stenting as a BTS at our institution. We analyzed the association of postoperative complications with clinicopathologic, surgical, and patient factors, and with the prestenting or preoperative laboratory data.ResultsBoth postoperative complications in general and severe complications were significantly associated with a longer stenotic‐section length (p = 0.007 and p = 0.003), lower preoperative hemoglobin levels (p < 0.001 and p = 0.081), and lower prestenting hemoglobin levels (p = 0.006 and p = 0.042). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lower prestenting (<13.0 g/dl) and preoperative (<11.5 g/dl) hemoglobin levels were independent predictive factors for postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR]: 4.15; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–18.90; p = 0.040; and OR: 4.93; 95% CI: 1.35–20.28; p = 0.016). A stenotic‐section length of 5.0 cm or greater was predictive of severe complications (OR: 25.67; 95% CI: 1.95–1185.00; p = 0.011).ConclusionsOur data suggest that lower hemoglobin levels before stenting and a longer length of the stenotic section of bowel might predict postoperative complications in patients with CRC undergoing BTS for obstruction.
Loss of STING expression is prognostic in non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Lohinai Zoltan , Dora David , Caldwell Charles , Rivard Christopher J. , Suda Kenichi , Yu Hui , Rivalland Gareth , Ellison Kim , Rozeboom Leslie , Dziadziuszko Rafal , Mitchell Paul , John Thomas , Millan Inigo S. , Ren Shengxiang , Hirsch Fred R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundStimulator of interferon (IFN) genes (STING) is a protein that promotes type I IFN production essential for T‐cell activation. In this study, we aim to characterize STING expression comprehensively using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, cell lines, and patient tumor samples stained with immunohistochemistry.MethodsTwo cohorts were evaluated comprising 721 non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 55 NSCLC cell lines for STING and cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase (cGAS) expression using immunohistochemistry. Moreover, an independent cohort of n = 499 patients from the TCGA database was analyzed. Methylation was evaluated on STING and cGAS in five STING‐negative NSCLC cell lines.ResultsSTING RNA expression positively correlates with T cell function and development genes, negatively correlates with cell proliferation and associated with increased survival (5‐year‐overall survival [OS] 47.3% vs. 38.8%, p = 0.033). STING protein expression is significantly higher in adenocarcinoma (AC) and is lost with increasing stages of AC. STING‐positivity is significantly higher in mutant EGFR and KRAS tumors. STING‐positive NSCLC patients identified with immunohistochemistry (H‐score > 50) have increased survival (median OS: 58 vs. 35 months, p = 0.02). Treatment of STING‐negative cell lines with a demethylating agent restores STING expression.ConclusionsSTING is ubiquitously expressed in NSCLC and associated with T cell function genes, AC histology, EGFR, and KRAS mutations and improved overall survival.
Hierarchical Bayesian integrated model for estimating migratory bird harvest in Canada
Authors: Smith Adam C. , Villeneuve Thomas , Gendron Michel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS) requires reliable estimates of the harvest of migratory game birds, including waterfowl, to effectively manage populations of these hunted species. The National Harvest Survey is an annual survey of hunters who purchase Canada's mandatory migratory game bird hunting permit, integrating information from a survey of hunting activity with information from a separate survey of species composition in the harvest. We used these survey data to estimate the number of birds harvested for each species and hunting activity metrics (e.g., number of active hunters, days spent hunting). The analytical methods used to generate these estimates have not changed since the survey was first designed in the early 1970s. We describe a new hierarchical Bayesian integrated model, which replaces the series of ratio estimators that comprised the old model. We are using this new model to generate estimates for migratory bird harvests as of the 2019–2020 hunting season, and to generate updated estimates for all earlier years. The hierarchical Bayesian model uses over‐dispersed Poisson distributions to model mean hunter activity and harvest (zero‐inflated Poisson and zero‐truncated Poisson, respectively). It also includes multinomial distributions to model some key components (e.g., variation in harvest across periods of the hunting season, the species composition of the harvest within each of those periods, the age and sex composition in the harvests of a given species). We estimated the parameters of the Poisson and the multinomial distributions for each year as random effects using first‐difference time‐series. This time‐series component allows the model to share information across years and reduces the sensitivity of the estimates to annual sampling noise. The new model estimates are generally very similar to those from the old model, particularly for the species that occur most commonly in the harvest, so the results do not suggest any major changes to harvest management decisions and regulations. Estimates for all species from the new model are more precise and less susceptible to annual sampling error, particularly for species that occur less commonly in the harvest (e.g., sea ducks, other species of conservation concern). This new model, with its hierarchical Bayesian framework, will also facilitate future improvements and elaborations, allowing the incorporation of prior information from the rich literature and knowledge in game bird management and biology.
b value and first‐order motion moment optimized data acquisition for repeatable quantitative intravoxel incoherent motion DWI
Authors: Simchick Gregory , Geng Ruiqi , Zhang Yuxin , Hernando Diego 
Published: January 2022

PurposeTo design a b value and first‐order motion moment (M1) optimized data acquisition for repeatable intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) quantification in the liver.MethodsCramer‐Rao lower bound optimization was performed to determine optimal monopolar and optimal 2D samplings of the b‐M1 space based on noise performance. Monte Carlo simulations were used to evaluate the bias and variability in estimates obtained using the proposed optimal samplings and conventional monopolar sampling. Diffusion MRI of the liver was performed in 10 volunteers using 3 IVIM acquisitions: conventional monopolar, optimized monopolar, and b‐M1‐optimized gradient waveforms (designed based on the optimal 2D sampling). IVIM parameter maps of diffusion coefficient, perfusion fraction, and blood velocity SD were obtained using nonlinear least squares fitting. Noise performance (SDs), stability (outlier percentage), and test–retest or scan–rescan repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficients) were evaluated and compared across acquisitions.ResultsCramer‐Rao lower bound and Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated improved noise performance of the optimal 2D sampling in comparison to monopolar samplings. Evaluating the designed b‐M1‐optimized waveforms in healthy volunteers, significant decreases (p < 0.05) in the SDs and outlier percentages were observed for measurements of diffusion coefficient, perfusion fraction, and blood velocity SD in comparison to measurements obtained using monopolar samplings. Good‐to‐excellent repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥ 0.77) was observed for all 3 parameters in both the right and left liver lobes using the b‐M1‐optimized waveforms.Conclusions2D b‐M1‐optimized data acquisition enables repeatable IVIM quantification with improved noise performance. 2D acquisitions may advance the establishment of IVIM quantitative biomarkers for liver diseases.
Enhancement of Chiroptical Responses of trans‐Bis[(β‐iminomethyl)naphthoxy]platinum(II) Complexes with Distorted Square Planar Coordination Geometry
Authors: Ikeshita Masahiro , Furukawa Sho , Ishikawa Takahiro , Matsudaira Kana , Imai Yoshitane , Tsuno Takashi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe relationship between the coordination geometry and photophysical properties of trans‐bis[(β‐iminomethyl)naphthoxy]platinum(II) was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. A series of platinum(II) complexes with differently substituted iminomethyl groups were synthesized, and their photophysical properties were examined in solution, in the crystalline, and in the PMMA film‐dispersed state, respectively (PMMA=poly(methyl methacrylate)). These complexes showed structure‐dependent emission spectra, in which the color of the luminescence in the crystalline state varied over a range of about 40 nm depending on the specific bowl‐shaped molecular structure. The chiral complexes with (R,R)‐ and (S,S)‐configurations were found to have structure‐dependent chiroptical properties both in solution and the PMMA film‐dispersed state such that the intensity of circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) were enhanced with bulky cyclic substituents at the nitrogen atoms. A theoretical study using density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent (TD)‐DFT calculations revealed that the enhancement of chiroptical responses is due to the amplification of the magnetic dipole moment caused by the distortion of the square planar geometry.
Effect of ammonia catalyst on the morphological structures of sol–gel‐derived bioactive glass 58S for dental application
Authors: Lin Galvin Sim Siang , Zabidi Nurul Farhana , Lai Josephine Chang Hui , Noorani Tahir Yusuf 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimTo determine the effect of ammonia on the surface morphology and chemical properties of sol–gel‐derived bioactive glass 58S powders for dental application.Materials and MethodsBioactive glass (BG) 58S powder was synthesized using a sol–gel method. Hydrochloric acid solution was mixed with ethanol, distilled water, and tetraethyl orthosilicate for 30 min, followed by the addition of triethyl phosphate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate. The mixture was stirred until the particles were completely dissolved. Three different groups were prepared: BG‐1 (no ammonia added), BG‐2 (3 ml of ammonia added), and BG‐3 (5 ml of ammonia added). The gel was then aged and calcined. The solidified gel was crushed until the powder passed through a 200‐μm sieve. Subsequently, the surface morphology was evaluated using a scanning electron microscopy, whereas the chemical composition was assessed using a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).ResultsBG‐2 and BG‐3 exhibited small‐sized cluster grains and a more porous micro‐ or nano‐structures. The crystallinity of the BG powder and its surface porosity increased with increased ammonia. The average microparticle sizes of the BG‐1, BG‐2, and BG‐3 were 196 ± 31, 45 ± 21, and 20 ± 9 μm, respectively, with nano‐grains in BG‐2 and BG‐3 showed strong tendency of agglomeration. FTIR verified the existence of a silica network‐based glass, with the Si–O–Si functional group visible in the spectrum of all groups.ConclusionThe addition of ammonia as catalyst during the hydrolysis process resulted in small glassy grains and more porous surfaces of BG 58S, which is anticipated to promote greater bioactivity.
Predicting satisfaction with outcome and follow‐up care 5 years after bariatric surgery: A prospective evaluation
Authors: Lundin Kvalem Ingela , Gabrielsen Louise , Eribe Inger , Kristinsson Jon A. , Mala Tom 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivePatient satisfaction is viewed as essential for a successful outcome of bariatric surgery. Few studies have explored long‐term satisfaction prospectively. This study aimed to examine pre‐ and post‐surgery predictors for satisfaction with follow‐up care, and change in outcome satisfaction from one to 5 years after bariatric surgery.MethodsA sample of 210 participants was recruited from a single treatment center. Self‐reported and medical record data regarding mental and somatic health, body image, follow‐up attendance, and weight loss were obtained before, 1 year, and 5 years after surgery.ResultsOver 90% of the participants were satisfied with the results and treatment 1 year after surgery, while 69% had their outcome expectations fulfilled and 62% were satisfied with the follow‐up 5 years after surgery. A shift from initial satisfaction to unfulfillment of expectations was predicted by baseline body dissatisfaction, greater percentage of weight regain after initial weight loss, and more discomfort from somatic symptoms 5 years after surgery. In addition to symptom discomfort, worry about surgery predicted satisfaction with follow‐up care.ConclusionAt 5 years, one‐fifth of those initially satisfied reported that bariatric surgery had failed to meet their expectations. This suggests that outcome expectations related to weight loss, somatic symptoms, and body image need to be addressed both before and after bariatric surgery.
Effect of expanded graphite surface modification on phase change materials nanocomposites thermal protection efficiency
Authors: Abdeali Golnoosh , Mazaheri Kimia , Ahmadi Leila Sadat , Bahramian Ahmad Reza 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn order to investigate phase change materials (PCMs) thermal energy storage capacity as well as shape stability, PCM nanocomposites were fabricated by employing modified expanded graphite (EG) as a conductive filler and polyethylene glycol (PEG) PCM. To improve PCM composite shape stability, EG surface has been modified by utilizing Toluene 2 and 4 diisocyanate (TDI), ethylene glycol and PEG 600, respectively. Findings have illustrated that for PEG PCM/modified EG nanocomposites, shape stability was achieved at 5 wt.% of modified EG filler with less than 10% of melt leakage for all prepared samples as a consequence of surface adsorption capacity increment as well as adequate compatibility. Furthermore, phase change efficiency was calculated as 98% and in addition, thermal diffusion at PCM melting temperature range was negligible and approximately equal to zero. To conclude, it could be declared that, fabricated phase change material composite had desirable characteristics along with adequate shape stability for thermal energy storage applications.
Evaluation of anti‐factor Xa concentrations using a body mass index‐based enoxaparin dosing protocol for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in trauma patients
Authors: O’Keefe Mary M. , Carver Thomas W. , Herrmann David J. , Prom Alyson , Hubbard Sara , Rein Lisa E. , Peppard William J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a body mass index (BMI)‐based enoxaparin prophylaxis dosing protocol at achieving target anti‐factor Xa (anti‐Xa) concentrations in the trauma population.MethodsThis retrospective chart review evaluated anti‐Xa concentrations in adult trauma patients who received prophylactic enoxaparin over a three‐month period. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients that achieved target anti‐Xa concentrations after ≥3 doses of enoxaparin. Secondary outcomes included correlations of anti‐Xa concentrations with enoxaparin dose per BMI, total body weight (TBW), and estimated blood volume (EBV). The prevalence of clinically relevant bleeding and venous thromboembolism was also recorded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associated variables for target anti‐Xa concentration attainment.ResultsNinety‐nine consecutive patients were included in the study. Included patients were predominately male (69.7%) and Black (50.5%) with a mean age of 44.1 years. Target anti‐Xa concentrations were achieved in 62.6% of patients. Anti‐Xa concentrations were moderately correlated with enoxaparin dose per EBV (ρ = 0.57), followed by dose per TBW (ρ = 0.46), and dose per BMI (ρ = 0.20). Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that categorization of enoxaparin dose per EBV and per TBW were the only statistically significant predictors of reaching target anti‐Xa concentrations (p = <0.001).ConclusionsIn adult trauma patients, the rate of achieving target anti‐Xa concentrations remains suboptimal and provides room for further improvement. Enoxaparin dose per EBV was more closely correlated with anti‐Xa concentrations when compared to TBW and BMI. Dosing per EBV and TBW was the only variables associated with reaching target anti‐Xa concentrations within the study. Further investigation is warranted to elucidate optimal EBV‐ and TBW‐based dosing regimens.
Relationship between lung function and exhaled volatile organic compounds in healthy infants
Authors: Sola‐Martínez Rosa A. , Sanchez‐Solis Manuel , Lozano‐Terol Gema , Gallego‐Jara Julia , García‐Marcos Luis , Cánovas Díaz Manuel , de Diego Puente Teresa ,   The NELA Study Group
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study is to assess, for the first time, the relationship between the volatilome and lung function in healthy infants, which may be of help for the early detection of certain respiratory diseases. Lung function tests are crucial in chronic respiratory diseases diagnosis. Moreover, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis in exhaled breath is a noninvasive technique that enables the monitorization of oxidative stress, typical of some forms of airway inflammation.MethodsLung function was studied in 50 healthy infants of 3–8 months of age and the following parameters were obtained: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at 0.5 s (FEV0.5), forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC (FEF75), forced expiratory flow at 25%–75% of FVC (FEF25–75), and FEV0.5/FVC. Lung function was measured according to the raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique. In addition, a targeted analysis of six endogenous VOCs (acetone, isoprene, decane, undecane, tetradecane, and pentadecane) in the exhaled breath of the children was carried out by means of thermal desorption coupled gas chromatography‐single quadrupole mass spectrometry system.ResultsA negatively significant relationship has been observed between levels of acetone, tetradecane, and pentadecane in exhaled breath and several of the lung function parameters. Levels of acetone (feature m/z = 58) were significantly negatively associated with FVC and FVE0.5, levels of tetradecane (feature m/z = 71) with FEV0.5, and levels of pentadecane (feature m/z = 71) with FEV0.5 and FEF25–75.ConclusionThe findings of this study highlight a significant association between VOCs related to oxidative stress and lung function in healthy infants.
Homotopy Transfer and Effective Field Theory I: Tree‐level
Authors: Arvanitakis Alex S. , Hohm Olaf , Hull Chris , Lekeu Victor 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe use the dictionary between general field theories and strongly homotopy algebras to provide an algebraic formulation of the procedure of integrating out of degrees of freedom in terms of homotopy transfer. This includes more general effective theories in which some massive modes are kept while other modes of a comparable mass scale are integrated out, as first explored by Sen in the context of closed string field theory. We treat ‐algebras both in terms of a nilpotent coderivation and, on the dual space, in terms of a nilpotent derivation (corresponding to the BRST charge of the field theory) and provide explicit formulas for homotopy transfer. These are then shown to govern the integrating out of degrees of freedom at tree level, while the generalization to loop level will be explored in a sequel to this paper.
Modified female mid‐urethral sling for the treatment of incontinence after prostate treatment: One‐center experience
Authors: Mao Qiqi , Lin Yiwei , Xia Dan , Wang Shuo , Jiang Hai 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe male sling has emerged as a minimally invasive option for incontinence after prostate treatment (IPT) in recent years, but it has not yet been introduced into China. This study retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of the modified female mid‐urethral sling in the treatment of IPT and explored potential preoperative factors to better predict surgical outcomes.MethodsFrom May 2014 to January 2021, a total of 70 patients with IPT who underwent transobturator male sling procedure using the modified female mid‐urethral sling were retrospectively reviewed. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon. Functional outcomes were evaluated by daily pad usage, and the severity of incontinence was classified as mild (≤2 pads), moderate (3−4 pads), or severe (≥5 pads). Success was defined as no pad usage or 1 pad for safety (cure), or a reduction in daily pad use by >50% (improved). Patients were followed up at 3, 6 months, and yearly thereafter.ResultsAt a final follow‐up of 6−80 months, 35 (50.0%) patients were cured, 12 (17.1%) were improved, and 23 (32.9%) were still incontinent. There was a slight trend of declining continence over time, and the majority of patients remained improved. During follow‐up, 25 patients had perineal or scrotal pain, five patients had voiding difficulty and two had de novo urgency, one developed infection and underwent sling explantation. Early urinary retention was the only significant factor linked to better surgical outcomes.ConclusionThe modified female mid‐urethral sling represents a viable option for the treatment of IPT. Improved efficacy is seen in patients with a history of early postoperative urinary retention.
Noncovalent interactions of 1,4‐dithiafulvene and nitroaromatics: A combined DFT and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) study
Authors: Zhao Yuming , King‐Poole Cody Marcus 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe noncovalent interactions between a redox‐active molecule, phenyl‐substituted 1,4‐dithiafulvene (Ph‐DTF), and ten commonly encountered nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) were systematically investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. Our modeling studies examined their 1:1 complexes in terms of equilibrium geometries, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), nature of noncovalent forces, intermolecular charge transfer (ICT), and interaction energies at the ωB97XD/6‐31+G(d,p) level of theory. Vertical electronic transition properties were investigated through time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) calculations, and energy decomposition analysis was conducted according to the symmetry‐adapted perturbation theory (SAPT). The computational results indicate that Ph‐DTF can form thermodynamically stable 1:1 complexes with trinitro‐substituted benzenes (e.g., 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene and picric acid), but its interactions with mono‐ and dinitrobenzenes do not exhibit such stability. The selective binding properties are further corroborated by AIMD simulations. Overall, this computational work establishes a comprehensive understanding of the nature of noncovalent interactions of Ph‐DTF with various NACs, and the results can be used as theoretical guidance for the rational design of selective receptors and/or chemosensors for certain NACs that are of great concern in current industrial applications and environmental control.