bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early detection of ICU-acquired weakness in septic shock patients ventilated longer than 72 hours
Authors: Attwell Caroline , Sauterel Laurent , Jöhr Jane , Piquilloud Lise , Kuntzer Thierry , Diserens Karin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: ICU acquired weakness, comprising Critical Illness Polyneuropathy (CIP) and Myopathy (CIM) is associated with immobilization and prolonged mechanical ventilation. This study aims to assess feasibility of early detection of CIP and CIM by peroneal nerve test (PENT) and sensory sural nerve action potential (SNAP) screening in patients with septic shock invasively ventilated for more than 72 hours and to investigate risk factors associated with CIP and CIM. Methods: We performed repetitive PENT screening from 72 hours after intubation until detecting a pathological response. We tested SNAPs in pathological PENT to differentiate CIP from CIM. Muscle strength examination was performed in awake patients and time from intubation to first in-bed and out-of-bed mobilization were recorded.Results: Eighteen patients were screened with PENT and 88.9% had abnormal responses. Mean time between intubation and first screening was 94.38 (+ 22.41) hours. Seven patients (38.9%) had CIP, 2 (11.1%) had CIM, 1 (5.6%) had CIP and CIM, 6 (33.3%) had a pathological response at PENT associated with ICU acquired weakness but no SNAP could be performed to differentiate between CIP and CIM and 2 patients had (11.1%) had no peripheral deficit. In the patients where it could be performed, muscle strength testing concorded with electrophysiological findings. Twelve patients (66.7%) had out-of-bed mobilization 10.8 (+ 7.4) days after admission. Conclusion: CIP and CIM are frequent in septic patients and can be detected before becoming symptomatic with simple bedside tools. Early detection of CIP and CIM opens new possibilities for timely management of CIP and CIM through preventive measures such as passive and active mobilization.
Dynamics of Obsidian Procurement at Pot Creek Pueblo (LA 260), Northern New Mexico
Authors: Boulanger Matthew T. , Adler Michael , Sommer Evan , Jorgeson Ian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present obsidian-sourcing data from Pot Creek Pueblo (LA 260), one of the northernmost Puebloan settlements in the Northern Rio Grande, occupied from at least 1260 ce until ca. 1320 ce when much of the pueblo was burned and the site was depopulated. Although the occupation of Pot Creek Pueblo was short, it occurred during a pivotal period in the Northern Rio Grande. The population of the region increased rapidly at this time, possibly due to an influx of migrants from the Mesa Verde/San Juan area to the west, and locally people living in relatively small villages comprised of pithouses and above-ground unit pueblos begin to coalesce into fewer, but much larger above-ground pueblos. Obsidian-source choices throughout the region may provide insight into how the proposed migration impacted existing resource-procurement patterns. Our data demonstrate that despite the diverse histories of the settlement’s inhabitants, the exchange system supplying obsidian to Pot Creek Pueblo remained stable throughout its occupation. We argue that exchange dynamics of the local community remained the primary means of obtaining obsidian despite potential for new avenues that might have been available through the addition of new community members from outside the region and despite population growth and changing settlement patterns in the broader Northern Rio Grande.
The outcomes after Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion(ALIF): Our experience
Authors: Demirel Ari , Terzic Renata , Kaspersen Jon , Eiskjær Søren Peter 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) is a well-established treatment with various advantages and disadvantages. One specific advantage of ALIF combined with posterolateral fusion is the high union rate. Using poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) cages for ALIF procedure takes advantage of the relative radiolucency of PEEK cages .The goal of this study was to determine the radiological outcomes and complications after ALIF surgery. Methods: Retrospective review of patients with ALIF (PEEK cage) surgery. Complications were noted. Bone union determined with Bridwell classification. Pre and post-operative X-rays, X-rays at the last follow-up reviewed. Anterior-posterior disc space height, segmental lordosis at the ALIF levels, lordosis of global lumbar columna measured. Results: 56 patients (M:25, F:31) and 80 ALIF cages were reviewed. The respective median age of surgery and follow-up duration(months) for these subgroups were; 47(37-54) / 14(12-24), 45(40-52) / 22(14-27), 57(51-62) / 17(16-25). The number of complications associated with the anterior approach were 9/56 or 16,0%. Bridwell fusion status were; 1 in 72 cages, 2 in 6 cages and 4 in 2 cages. The anterior disc space height and posterior disc space height L3/L4, L4/L5, L5/S1 significantly increased from preoperatively to immediately postoperatively and compared to the distance at last follow up. The anterior disc space height and posterior disc space height L4/L5, L5/S1 decreased significantly from immediately postoperatively to last follow-up. In L4/L5, the decrease in posterior disc space height from immediately postoperatively to last follow up was insignificant. Only for the L5/S1 level did the segmental lordosis increase significantly from preoperatively to immediately postoperatively and compared to the angle at last follow-up. No significant changes were noted in the lordosis of global lumbar columna measurements.Conclusions: The use of ALIF (PEEK cage) with posterior fixation resulted in very low non-union rate (2,5%). The approach related complications are comparable to the literature.
Effects and mechanism of renal denervation on ventricular arrhythmia after acute myocardial infarction in rats
Authors: Ye Jian , Xiao rongxue , Wang Xu , He Ruiqing , Liu Zongjun , Gao Junqing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Renal denervation (RDN) can reduce ventricular arrhythmia after acute myocardial infarction(AMI), but the mechanism is not clear. The purpose of this study is to study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control group, AMI group, RDN-1d+AMI group, RDN-2w+AMI group. The AMI model was established 1 day after RDN in the RDN-1d+AMI group and 2 weeks after RDN in the RDN-2w+AMI group. At the same time, 8 normal rats were subjected to AMI modelling (the AMI group). The control group consisted of 8 rats without RDN intervention or AMI modelling. Results：The study confirmed that RDN can reduce the occurrence of ventricular tachycardia in AMI rats, reduce renal sympathetic nerve discharge, and inhibit the activity of local sympathetic nerves and cell growth factor (NGF) protein expression in the heart after AMI. In addition, RDN decreased the expression of norepinephrine (NE) and glutamate in the hypothalamus ,and NE in cerebrospinal fluid, and increased the expression level of γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the hypothalamus after AMI. Conclusion: RDN can effectively reduce the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia after AMI, and its main mechanism may be via the inhibition of central sympathetic nerve discharge.
Biocompatibility of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) and woven coated FRC: an in vivo study
Authors: Nalbantoğlu Ahmet Mert , Eren Kaya , Yanık Deniz , Toker Hülya , Tuncer Ersin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To investigate biocompatibility and bone contact area of FRC and woven coated FRC (FRC-C) in rats.Materials and methods: Sixty rats were allocated to three groups: FRC(n=20), FRC-C(n=20), and control group(n=20). Subgroups were determined as 4th(n=10) and 12th weeks(n=10) . The specimens were placed in the femur of rats. In the control group, the bone defects were left empty and sutured. Four and 12 weeks after implantation, the rats were sacrificed. Histopathological examinations were performed semi-quantitative manner. Twenty rats(n=20) were used for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination. Bone contact surfaces were calculated in SEM analysis.Results: No statistical difference was detected between the 4th and 12th weeks in the quality of bone union. Quality of bone union was lower in FRC compared to the control group at the 4th week (p=0.012) and the 12th week (p=0.017). The periosteal reaction at the 12th week was lower in FRC than in the control group(p=0.021). Bone contact of FRC and FRC-C were 85.5% and 86.3%, respectively. Conclusions: FRC and FRC-C were biocompatible and showed no inflammation. The woven coating did not increase the quality of bone union and bone contact area, while not reducing biocompatibility.Clinical relevance: The woven glass fiber net that its biocompatibility and good bone response were demonstrated has the potential as a scaffold for the augmentation of alveolar bone deficiencies and for the reconstruction of maxillofacial defects.
Incidence of and predictors for antiseizure medication gaps in Medicare beneficiaries with epilepsy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Terman Samuel W , Niznik Joshua D , Slinger Geertruida , Otte Willem M , Braun Kees PJ , Aubert Carole E , Kerr Wesley T , Boyd Cynthia M , Burke James F 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: For the two-thirds of patients with epilepsy who achieve seizure remission on antiseizure medications (ASMs), patients and clinicians must weigh the pros and cons of long-term ASM treatment. However, little work has evaluated how often ASM discontinuation occurs in practice. We describe the incidence of and predictors for sustained ASM fill gaps to measure discontinuation in individuals potentially eligible for ASM withdrawal.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort of Medicare beneficiaries. We included patients with epilepsy by requiring International Classification of Diseases codes for epilepsy/convulsions plus at least one ASM prescription each year 2014-2016, and no acute visit for epilepsy 2014-2015 (i.e., potentially eligible for ASM discontinuation). The main outcome was the first day of a gap in ASM supply (30, 90, 180, or 360 days with no pills) in 2016-2018. We displayed cumulative incidence functions and identified predictors using Cox regressions.Results: Among 21,819 beneficiaries, 5,191 (24%) had a 30-day gap, 1,753 (8%) had a 90-day gap, 803 (4%) had a 180-day gap, and 381 (2%) had a 360-day gap. Predictors increasing the chance of a 180-day gap included number of unique medications in 2015 (hazard ratio [HR] 1.03 per medication, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.05) and epileptologist prescribing physician (≥25% of that physician’s visits for epilepsy; HR 2.38, 95% CI 1.42-4.00). Predictors decreasing the chance of a 180-day gap included Medicaid dual eligibility (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.59-0.93), number of unique ASMs in 2015 (e.g., 2 versus 1: HR 0.37, 95% CI 0.30-0.45), and greater baseline adherence (>80% versus ≤80% of days in 2015 with ASM pill supply: HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.32-0.44).Conclusions: Sustained ASM gaps were rarer than current guidelines may suggest. Future work should further explore barriers and enablers of ASM discontinuation to understand the optimal discontinuation rate.
Emergency tracheal intubation peri-operative risk factors and prognostic impact after esophagectomy
Authors: jin jianwen , lai zhongmeng , Lin Lili , Su Jiansheng , Wang Jiebo , Liu Junle , Zhang Liangcheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Emergency endotracheal intubation (ETI) is a serious complication after Oesophagectomy. It is still unclear that perioperative risk factors and prognosis of these patients with ETI.Methods: Between January 2015 and December 2018, 21 patients who received ETI after esophagectomy were enrolled (ETI group) at the department of thoracic surgery, Fujian Union hospital, China. Each study subject matched one patient who underwent the same surgery in the current era were included (control group). Patient characteristics and perioperative factors were collected.Results: Patients with ETI were older than those without ETI (p=0.022). The patients with history of smoking in ETI group were significantly more than those in control group (p=0.013). The stay-time of postanesthesia care unit (PACU) in ETI group was significantly longer than that in control group (p=0.001). The incidence of anastomotic leak or electrolyte disorder in ETI group was also higher than that in control group (p=0.014; p=0.002). Logistic regression analysis indicated history of smoke (HR 6.43, 95%CI 1.39-29.76, p=0.017) and longer stay time of PACU (HR 1.04, 95%CI 1.01-1.83, p=0.020) both were independently associated with higher risks of ETI. The 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 47.6% in patients with ETI and 85.7% in patients without ETI (HR 4.72, 95%CI 1.31-17.00, p=0.018). COX regression analysis indicated ETI was an independent risk factor affecting the OS. Conclusions: The study indicated that history of smoking and longer stay-time in PACU both were independently associated with higher risks of ETI; and ETI was an independent risk factor affecting the OS of patients after esophagectomy. Trial registration: This trial was retrospectively registered with the registration number of ChiCTR2000038549.
Mblk-1/E93, an ecdysone related-transcription factor, targets synaptic plasticity-related genes in the honey bee mushroom bodies
Authors: Matsumura Yasuhiro , To Taiko Kim , Kohno Hiroki , Kakutani Tetsuji , Kubo Takeo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Among hymenopteran insects, aculeate species such as bees, ants, and wasps have enlarged and morphologically elaborate mushroom bodies (MBs), a higher-order brain center in the insect, implying their relationship with the advanced behavioral traits of aculeate species. The molecular bases leading to the acquisition of complicated MB functions, however, remains unclear. We previously reported the constitutive and MB-preferential expression of an ecdysone-signaling related transcription factor, Mblk-1/E93, in the honey bee brain. Here, we searched for target genes of Mblk-1 in the worker honey bee MBs using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequence analyses and found that Mblk-1 targets several genes involved in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory abilities. We also demonstrated that Mblk-1 expression is self-regulated via Mblk-1-binding sites, which are located upstream of Mblk-1. Furthermore, we showed that the number of the Mblk-1-binding motif located upstream of Mblk-1 homologs increased associated with evolution of hymenopteran insects. Our findings suggest that Mblk-1, which has been focused on as a developmental gene transiently induced by ecdysone, has acquired a novel expression pattern to play a role in synaptic plasticity in honey bee MBs, raising a possibility that molecular evolution of Mblk-1 may have partly contributed to the elaboration of MB function in insects.
Agenda-setting policy analysis on Iranian physical activity promotion policies: An application of Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework
Authors: Fathi Behrouz , Khodayari-Zarnaq Rahim , pourazavi Sara , Nadrian Haidar , Kousha Ahmad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Since physical inactivity is currently a global concern, encouraging individuals to physical activity (PA) is a priority in public health policies. This study was conducted to analyse the process of change in adopting policies aimed at promoting PA in policy agenda-setting.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted by using document review and semi-structured interviews with 23 key informants of different sections and levels of the policy-making process of the PA promotion programs in Iran. Purposive sampling with maximum variation was used to identify key informants. Analysis of documents and interviews was performed based on the Kingdon’s multiple streams Framework (MSF): problem, policy and political streams. MAXQDA-10 software was applied to manage data analysis process. Result: The problem stream was found to be the high prevalence of physical inactivity, perceived subjective barriers, and contextual factors for PA within the country. The policy stream focused on integrating PA services into primary health care, conducting national and global calendar campaigns and events, and existing legal structures to promote PA in the community. In the political stream, the support of national documents and various legislative and governing authorities, as well as international support, especially the World Health Organization’s 2018-2030 program, provided a favourable environment for this issue. Conclusion: Despite the opening of a policy window for policy-making to promote PA in Iran, several challenges were identified that hindered the policies; the championship and professional approach in the Ministry of Sports, lack of inter-sectoral cooperation, restrictions due to international sanctions and the Covid-19 pandemic, and managerial-structural problems. As the policy window is not used in an appropriate manner, the policymakers need to revisit the policies, with a particular attention to feasibility of the policies, the organizational culture of different Iranian ministries, and the mediating and advocating roles of the Ministry of health in operationalizing the policies.
Clinical Outcome of Paclitaxel-Coated Balloon Angioplasty Versus Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation for the Treatment of Coronary Drug-Eluting Stent In-Stent Chronic Total Occlusion
Authors: Zhang Yuchao , Wu Zheng , Wang Shaoping , Liu Tong , Liu Jinghua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
AIMS
In-stent chronic total occlusion (IS-CTO) represents a unique challenge for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Whether the optimal treatment for IS-CTO is angioplasty with paclitaxel-coated balloons (PCBs) or repeat stenting with drug-eluting stents (DESs) is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical outcome of PCB angioplasty and DES repeat stenting for DES IS-CTO.
METHODS
We retrospectively included patients with DES IS-CTO who underwent successful PCB angioplasty or DES repeat stenting from January 2016 to December 2019. The primary endpoints were major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), including cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI) and target lesion revascularization (TLR). Cox proportional hazards model was performed to compare the risk of MACEs between PCB angioplasty and DES repeat stenting, and to further explore the prognostic factors of patients with DES IS-CTO.
RESULTS
A total of 214 patients with DES IS-CTO were enrolled: 78 patients (36.4%) treated with PCB and 136 patients (63.6%) treated with DES respectively. The median follow-up was 1160 days, and MACEs were observed in 28.2% of patients with PCB angioplasty versus 26.5% of patients with DES repeat stenting (P = 0.784), mainly driven by TLR (21.8% vs. 19.9%, P = 0.735). There was no significant difference in the risk of MACEs between PCB group and DES group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64–2.46, P = 0.512). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ≥ 3 stent layers in the lesion were independent predictors of MACEs, while switching to another antiproliferative drug was an independent protective factor (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
PCB angioplasty was an effective alternative treatment strategy for DES IS-CTO, which had similar long-term outcomes to DES repeat stenting in contemporary practice, but both were accompanied by a high rate of long-term MACEs. Improving the poor prognosis of patients with DES IS-CTO remains a challenge.
Analysis on the Provisions Against COVID-19 for People Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Iqbal Hamail , Umar Taha , Alexander Theres , Mehta Manav , Muwowo Suwilanji , Salamah Joudi , Kleinberg Giona 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
People experiencing homelessness (PEH) are often considered to be a vulnerable group in public health discussions. As the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the majority of the global population, it has motivated broad mitigation strategies. To address the continued status of PEH as a vulnerable group, this paper aims to assess the risk of COVID-19 among PEH and the factors impacting the implementation of mitigation strategies in homeless populations. Studies from several homeless shelters throughout the United States have cited significant infection rates among residents. Cited contributing factors include insecure housing, lack of supplies, and the prevalence of chronic diseases. Accordingly, transmission mitigation strategies that provide secure areas for quarantine and essential items such as masks and hand sanitizer are likely to have the greatest positive impact on reducing the risk of COVID-19 among PEH. However, it is difficult to draw causal conclusions due to the lack of controlled study data, prompting the need for future research efforts in this area.
Diversity of Malignancies in Patients with Different Types of Inborn Errors of Immunity
Authors: Tavakol Marzieh , Ansari Sarina , Delavari Samaneh , Rasouli Seyed Erfan , chavoshzadeh Zahra , Sherkat Roya , Ahanchian Hamid , Aleyasin Soheila , Esmaeilzadeh Hossein , Moazzen Nasrin , Shafiei Alireza , Abolnezhadian Farhad , Iranparast Sara , Ebrahimi Sareh sadat , shad Tannaz Moeini , Pashangzadeh Salar , Nazari Farzad , Rezaei Arezou , saeedi-Boroujeni Ali , Nabavi Mohammad , Arshi Saba , Fallahpour Morteza , Bemanian Mohammad hassan , Sharafian Samin , Shokri Sima , Eshaghi Sarvin , Nazari Shiva , Shamsian Bibi Shahin , Malamir Mehrdad Dargahi , Khazaei Roya , Ashkevari Pooya , Khavandegar Armin , Haghi Sabahat , Abolhassani Hassan , Rezaei Nima 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Genetic defects in development, maturation, and/or function of immune cells can lead to Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) which may predispose patients to malignancies. Overall risk for cancer in children with IEI ranges from 4-25% and the type of malignancy is highly dependent on the specific mutant gene underlying IEI.We investigated 3056 IEI patients registered in the Iranian national registry between the years 1999 and 2020 in this retrospective cohort study. Frequency of malignancy and its association with type of IEI in these patients were evaluated.A total of 82 IEI patients with malignancy were enrolled in this study. Among them, predominantly lymphoma was the most common type of malignancy (65.8%), followed by leukemia (11%), and cancers of head and neck (7.3%). Among identified lymphoma cancers, Hodgkin’s lymphomas were the most frequent type (45.1%) followed by different subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (20.7%). Solid tumors (19.5%) appeared to be very heterogeneous by type and localization. The correlation between the type of malignancy and survival status and association between type of malignancy and IEI entities were unremarkable. The awareness of the association between presence of IEI and cancer highlights the importance of a synergistic effort by oncologists and immunologists in the early diagnosis of malignancy and personalized therapeutic strategies in IEI patients. Therefore, we investigated the frequency of different types of malignancy and also evaluated the correlation of type of IEI and type of malignancy in these 82 patients.