bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy outcomes following in vitro fertilization treatment in women with previous recurrent ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Xue Yamei , Tong Xiaomei , Zhang Haocheng , Zhang Songying 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a history of recurrent ectopic pregnancy (EP) on pregnancy outcomes of subsequent in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.MethodsA retrospective cohort study involving 457 women with a history of recurrent EP (REP group), 912 women with a history of single EP (SEP group), and 1169 women with a history of intrauterine pregnancy (IUP group) as the control group, was conducted. IVF outcomes were compared for each cohort.ResultsThe incidence of EP in the REP group after IVF treatment was significantly lower than those in the SEP group (2.4% vs. 6.8%, P = 0.011), and similar to those in the IUP group (2.4% vs. 2.1%, P = 0.830). No significant differences were observed in the clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, and live birth rate among the three groups. There was no statistically significant difference in the recurrent EP rate between the salpingectomy and salpingostomy treatments. Adjusting for maternal and treatment factors did not influence live birth rates for women with previous REP compared with women with previous SEP and those with IUP. The odds of EP were 82.2% lower (OR 0.178, 95% CI 0.042–0.762; P = 0.020) in women who had blastocyst transfer compared with cleavage embryo transfer in the SEP group. The odds of EP were over six times (OR 6.260, 95% CI 1.255–31.220; P = 0.025) in women who underwent double embryo transfer as opposed to single embryo transfer in the IUP group.ConclusionOur results indicate that women with previous recurrent EP have a lower risk of EP after IVF in comparison with women with previous single EP. Previous EP has no significant adverse effect on the main IVF outcomes. The salpingostomy and salpingectomy treatments of EP do not significantly affect the incidence of recurrent EP after IVF.
Development of a diarrhoea severity scoring scale in a passive health facility-based surveillance system
Authors: St Jean Denise T. , Chilyabanyama Obvious N. , Bosomprah Samuel , Asombang Mah , Velu Rachel M. , Chibuye Mwelwa , Mureithi Fiona , Sukwa Nsofwa , Chirwa Masuzyo , Mokha Prudence , Chilengi Roma , Simuyandi Michelo 
Published: August 2022

Background
Diarrhoeal disease remains a leading cause of death among children mostly in low and middle-income countries. Factors contributing to disease severity are complex and there is currently no consensus on a scoring tool for use in community-based studies.

Methods
Data were collected during a passive surveillance system in an outpatient health facility in Lusaka, Zambia from March 2019 to July 2019. Diarrhea episodes were assessed for severity using an in-house severity scoring tool (CIDRZ) and previously published scores (Vesikari, Clark, CODA, and DHAKA). The CIDRZ score was constructed using fieldworker-reported clinical signs and exploratory factor analysis. We used precision-recall curves measuring severe diarrhoea (i.e., requiring intravenous rehydration or referred for hospital admission) to determine the best performing scores. Then, we used Cronbach’s alpha to assess the scale’s internal consistency. Finally, we used Cohen’s kappa to assess agreement between the scores.

Results
Of 110 diarrhea episodes, 3 (3%) required intravenous rehydration or were referred for hospital admission. The precision-recall area under the curve of each score as a predictor of severe diarrhoea requiring intravenous rehydration or hospital admission was 0.26 for Vesikari, 0.18 for CODA, 0.24 for Clark, 0.59 for DHAKA, and 0.59 for CIDRZ. The CIDRZ scale had substantial reliability and performed similarly to the DHAKA score.

Conclusions
Diarrhoea severity scores focused on characteristics specific to dehydration status may better predict severe diarrhea among children in Lusaka. Aetiology-specific scoring tools may not be appropriate for use in community healthcare settings. Validation studies for the CIDRZ score in diverse settings and with larger sample sizes are warranted.
Reconfigurable multifunctional metasurfaces employing hybrid phase-change plasmonic architecture
Authors: Abdollahramezani Sajjad , Taghinejad Hossein , Fan Tianren , Marzban Mahmood Reza , Eftekhar Ali A. , Adibi Ali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present a hybrid device platform for creating an electrically reconfigurable metasurface formed by the integration of plasmonic nanostructures with phase-change material germanium antimony telluride (GST). By changing the phase of GST from amorphous to crystalline through Joule heating, a large range of responses from the metasurface can be achieved. Furthermore, by using the intermediate phases of GST, the metasurface can interact with the incident light in both over-coupling and under-coupling regimes, leading to an inherently broadband response. Through a detailed investigation of the nature of the fundamental modes, we demonstrate that changing the crystalline phase of the GST at the pixel-level enables an effective control over the key properties (i.e., amplitude, phase, and polarization) of incident light. This leads to the realization of a broadband electrically tunable multifunctional metadevice enabling beam switching, focusing, steering, and polarization conversion. Such a hybrid structure offers a high-speed, broadband, and nonvolatile reconfigurable paradigm for electrically programmable optical devices such as switches, holograms, and polarimeters.
Analysis of parametric effects in the wave profile of the variant Boussinesq equation through two analytical approaches
Authors: Yao Shao-Wen , Islam Md. Ekramul , Akbar Md. Ali , Inc Mustafa , Adel Mohamed , Osman Mohamed S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The variant Boussinesq equation has significant application in propagating long waves on the surface of the liquid layer under gravity action. In this article, the improved Bernoulli subequation function (IBSEF) method and the new auxiliary equation (NAE) technique are introduced to establish general solutions, some fundamental soliton solutions accessible in the literature, and some archetypal solitary wave solutions that are extracted from the broad-ranging solution to the variant Boussinesq wave equation. The established soliton solutions are knowledgeable and obtained as a combination of hyperbolic, exponential, rational, and trigonometric functions, and the physical significance of the attained solutions is speculated for the definite values of the included parameters by depicting the 3D profiles and interpreting the physical incidents. The wave profile represents different types of waves associated with the free parameters that are related to the wave number and velocity of the solutions. The obtained solutions and graphical representations visualize the dynamics of the phenomena and build up the mathematical foundation of the wave process in dissipative and dispersive media. It turns out that the IBSEF method and the NAE are powerful and might be used in further works to find novel solutions for other types of nonlinear evolution equations ascending in physical sciences and engineering.
Endosome maturation links PI3Kα signaling to lysosome repopulation during basal autophagy
Authors: Rodgers Samuel J , Jones Emily I , Arumugam Senthil , Hamila Sabryn A , Danne Jill , Gurung Rajendra , Eramo Matthew J , Nanayakkara Randini , Ramm Georg , McGrath Meagan J , Mitchell Christina A 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAutophagy depends on the repopulation of lysosomes to degrade intracellular components and recycle nutrients. How cells co‐ordinate lysosome repopulation during basal autophagy, which occurs constitutively under nutrient‐rich conditions, is unknown. Here, we identify an endosome‐dependent phosphoinositide pathway that links PI3Kα signaling to lysosome repopulation during basal autophagy. We show that PI3Kα‐derived PI(3)P generated by INPP4B on late endosomes was required for basal but not starvation‐induced autophagic degradation. PI(3)P signals were maintained as late endosomes matured into endolysosomes, and served as the substrate for the 5‐kinase, PIKfyve, to generate PI(3,5)P2. The SNX‐BAR protein, SNX2, was recruited to endolysosomes by PI(3,5)P2 and promoted lysosome reformation. Inhibition of INPP4B/PIKfyve‐dependent lysosome reformation reduced autophagic clearance of protein aggregates during proteotoxic stress leading to increased cytotoxicity. Therefore under nutrient‐rich conditions, PI3Kα, INPP4B, and PIKfyve sequentially contribute to basal autophagic degradation and protection from proteotoxic stress via PI(3,5)P2‐dependent lysosome reformation from endolysosomes. These findings reveal that endosome maturation couples PI3Kα signaling to lysosome reformation during basal autophagy.
Vaginal bacterium Prevotella timonensis turns protective Langerhans cells into HIV‐1 reservoirs for virus dissemination
Authors: van Teijlingen Nienke H , Helgers Leanne C , Sarrami‐Forooshani Ramin , Zijlstra‐Willems Esther M , van Hamme John L , Segui‐Perez Celia , van Smoorenburg Marleen Y , Borgdorff Hanneke , van de Wijgert Janneke HHM , van Leeuwen Elisabeth , van der Post Joris AM , Strijbis Karin , Ribeiro Carla MS , Geijtenbeek Teunis BH 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDysbiosis of vaginal microbiota is associated with increased HIV‐1 acquisition, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear. Vaginal Langerhans cells (LCs) protect against mucosal HIV‐1 infection via autophagy‐mediated degradation of HIV‐1. As LCs are in continuous contact with bacterial members of the vaginal microbiome, we investigated the impact of commensal and dysbiosis‐associated vaginal (an)aerobic bacterial species on the antiviral function of LCs. Most of the tested bacteria did not affect the HIV‐1 restrictive function of LCs. However, Prevotella timonensis induced a vast uptake of HIV‐1 by vaginal LCs. Internalized virus remained infectious for days and uptake was unaffected by antiretroviral drugs. P. timonensis‐exposed LCs efficiently transmitted HIV‐1 to target cells both in vitro and ex vivo. Additionally, P. timonensis exposure enhanced uptake and transmission of the HIV‐1 variants that establish infection after sexual transmission, the so‐called Transmitted Founder variants. Our findings, therefore, suggest that P. timonensis might set the stage for enhanced HIV‐1 susceptibility during vaginal dysbiosis and advocate targeted treatment of P. timonensis during bacterial vaginosis to limit HIV‐1 infection.
Racism and Quality of Neonatal Intensive Care: Voices of Black Mothers
Authors: Witt Rachel E. , Malcolm Mia , Colvin Bryanne N. , Gill Monique R. , Ofori Joel , Roy Shireen , Lenze Shannon N. , Rogers Cynthia E. , Colson Eve R. 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Black preterm infants are more likely to die than White preterm infants within the same NICU. Racism may lead to disparate quality of NICU care contributing to disparities in preterm infant health outcomes. The objective of our study was to understand Black mothers’ perspectives of the impact of racism on the quality of care for Black preterm infants in the NICU and what might be done to address it.

METHODS
Using qualitative research methods, we conducted in-depth, semistructured interviews with 20 Black mothers of preterm infants in a single Level IV NICU 6 to 18 months after hospital discharge regarding experiences with disparate quality of NICU care. We developed themes iteratively and conducted interviews until thematic saturation was reached.

RESULTS
The majority of mothers believed that racism impacted the quality of NICU care and described examples of racism in the NICU at structural, institutional, and interpersonal levels. Mothers also provided ideas for interventions that would decrease racism and improve quality of NICU care for Black families, including increased Black representation, increased peer support, and improved staff education and training.

CONCLUSIONS
Black mothers of preterm infants experienced racism during NICU hospitalization that impacted the quality of care they received. Interventional studies directed toward mitigating these racial disparities may focus on addressing racism during the NICU period and should include input from Black stakeholders at all stages of design, implementation, and analysis.
Reabilitação de pessoas com amputação de membros inferiores: uma revisão sistematizada
Authors: Oliveira Caroline Lacerda , Ferreira Arthur Sá 
Published: August 2022

Introdução: A reabilitação física visa a recuperação da capacidade funcional das pessoas com amputação de membros inferiores, destacando-se as etapas pré e pós-protetização. Recomendações clínicas para a protetização estão disponíveis; entretanto, não há uma sistematização atualizada dessas evidências em conjunto com a avaliação da qualidade metodológica desses estudos. Objetivo: Revisar as evidências científicas sobre intervenção fisioterapêutica em pessoas com amputação de membros inferiores. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistematizada da literatura na base de dados Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale (PEDro) publicada até Agosto/2020. Foram incluídos artigos com dados primários (estudos de caso, ensaios clínicos) e secundários (revisões sistemáticas, diretrizes) disponíveis na íntegra, redigidos em inglês ou português, que descrevam intervenções fisioterapêuticas para as fases de pré e/ou pós-protetização em pessoas com amputação de membros inferiores. Para avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos estudos, foi utilizada a escala de qualidade PEDro (escore 0 a 10). Resultados: Doze estudos foram incluídos na revisão: 4 (33%) revisões sistemáticas, 6 (50%) ensaios clínicos e 2 (16,67%) diretrizes de prática clínica. Dentre os procedimentos com qualidade moderada a alta (escore PEDro ³ 6/10) encontram-se terapia do espelho e eletroestimulação transcutânea para dor do membro fantasma (escore 7/10); exercícios domiciliares (fortalecimento e alongamento), caminhada, autogestão da doença primária (6/10); e acupuntura para tratamento da dor no membro fantasma (6/10). Conclusão: Intervenções fisioterapêuticas podem ser aplicadas nas fases de pré e pós-protetização de pessoas com amputação de membros inferiores. Ensaios clínicos com melhor qualidade metodológica são necessários para diversas intervenções nas fases pré e pós-protetização dessa população.
Effectiveness of psychocorrective interventions in cardiovascular risk management
Authors: Bastrikov O. Yu. , Isaeva E. R. , Grigoricheva E. A. , Tseylikman V. E. 
Published: August 2022

Objective. Literature review aimed to study the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic, psychopharmacological and psychosocial interventions in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD).Design and methods. The search of scientific and medical publications was updated using the English language electronic search system PubMed and the domestic platform elibrary.ru with a focus on systematic reviews, metaanalyses, and randomized controlled trials.Results. An overwhelming number of papers report positive effects of psychocorrective interventions on regression of psychological syndromes, stress, as well as on cardiometabolic parameters (including hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular remodeling) and CVD/events. In addition, we analyzed foreign and domestic experience in organizing psychological and psychotherapeutic care for patients, based on integrative and multidisciplinary approach.Conclusions. The available evidence supports the effectiveness of some psychocorrective interventions in patients with CVD. The integration of psychosocial and psychopharmacological interventions into treatment approaches (multiprofessional approach) is a promising area of primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention.
EXPLANT STERILIZATION AND IN VITRO CULTURE OF PURPLE SWEET POTATO TO OPTIMIZE NORMAL SHOOT FORMATION
Authors: Sinta Masna Maya , Sumaryono Sumaryono 
Published: August 2022

<p class="abstrakinggris">Sweet potato (<em>Ipomoea batatas</em> L.), a tuber-producing plant, is a functional food that produces carbohydrates while meeting nutritional needs. Propagation of sweet potato through tissue culture is often hampered in the initial culture due to contamination. The study aimed to optimize sterilization of explants and growth of <em>in vitro</em> culture of purple sweet potato. Tubers of purple sweet potato cv. Antin 2 were <em>ex vitro</em> cultured through a semi-immersion system to produce shoots. The shoots as explants were sterilized with alcohol, fungicide, and sodium hypochlorite (P1); alcohol and sodium hypochlorite (P2); sodium hypochlorite (P3), and washed on sterile distilled water as control (C). The explants were then cultured on MS solid medium in tubes and jars. Growth and multiplication of shoots were carried out on MS solid medium added with cytokinins (BA and kinetin) at different concentrations. The results showed that the best sterilization method was obtained in the sodium hypochlorite (P3) and alcohol-sodium hypochlorite (P2) treatments, with sterile shoots reaching 100%. Planting the explants in jars gave higher normal shoot formation (85–100%) than that in tubes (12.5–48%). The use of kinetin at 0.5–1 mg L<sup>-1</sup> gave good shoot vigor. The best axillary shoot multiplication was found on media with 0.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup> BA. Growing explants on the semi-immersion system and sodium hypochlorite sterilization produced the highest sterile ones, whereas culturing three explants promotes normal growth straight after sterilization.</p>
Paleogeographic Implications of Open-Marine Anoxia in the Permian–Triassic Slide Mountain Ocean
Authors: Schoepfer Shane D. , Henderson Charles M. 
Published: August 2022

The end-Permian mass extinction was associated with the onset of anoxia in widespread marine environments; however, the extent of this anoxia remains controversial. Proposed models range from near-universal “superanoxia” in the Panthalassic Basin to a more limited expansion of anoxia in the upper water column in response to enhanced primary productivity. The Peck Creek and Ursula Creek sections of northern British Columbia were deposited at ~200 m water depth in the Ishbel Trough, on the margin of cratonic North America. This trough was generally contiguous with the Slide Mountain Ocean, and thus with the broader Panthalassic Ocean, though it may have been partially separated by structural highs at various times during the Permian.
Both sections include continuous Wordian to Changhsingian sedimentary successions, which span the end-Permian mass extinction boundary and continue into the earliest Triassic. The extinction is recognizable as the disappearance of biogenic silica from the environment, which defines the contact between the Fantasque Formation and overlying Grayling Formation. This surface also corresponds with the onset of anoxia, and the accumulation of redox-sensitive trace metals. The covariation trends in these metals, and in other isotopic proxies, can be used as tools to trace the degree of communication between the Ishbel Trough–Slide Mountain Ocean and the broader Panthalassic Basin. Molybdenum-uranium covariation trends indicate that the northern Slide Mountain Ocean and Ishbel Trough remained in communication with the larger global ocean throughout this interval, suggesting inversion of the Wordian structural high to form a depositional subbasin by the Changhsingian. This is in contrast to the Opal Creek section of southern Alberta, which shows evidence for some degree of restriction, suggesting that the Slide Mountain Ocean may have maintained a north–south gradient in water chemistry.
Several lines of evidence suggest that this onset of anoxia was not related to expansion of an upwelling-driven oxygen minimum zone. No clear changes in primary productivity, as recorded by organic carbon or authigenic phosphorus and barium, are observed across the extinction horizon. Changhsingian nitrogen isotope values are generally in the 2 to 3‰ range, suggesting minimal denitrification at thermocline water depths, and these values decreased in the earliest Triassic, likely in response to enhanced nitrogen fixation. This suggests that anoxia was driven by shoaling of a chemocline that developed due to stratification of the Slide Mountain Ocean, rather than western-boundary upwelling effects.
Energy Communities Support Climate Policy in Exchange for Transition Assistance
Authors: Gazmararian Alexander F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Decarbonization to mitigate climate change will require a reduction in fossil fuel consumption. The economic effects of moving away from fossil fuels motivates communities that produce coal, oil and gas to obstruct climate policy. How could climate policy be designed to win support for decarbonization in fossil fuel communities? Answering this question requires public opinion data from these crucial regions and measurement of multi-dimensional preferences, but national surveys often fail to recruit respondents from these areas and studies often focus on individual transition policy instruments. To overcome these limitations, we field surveys at Appalachian county fairs to access this hard-to reach population (N=249) and employing a conjoint experiment designed to elicit multi-dimensional preferences. We find that policies reducing transition costs, such as investments in worker healthcare and pensions and income compensation, increase support for transition assistance. In turn, respondents report willingness to back climate policy coupled with assistance for workers and community members. The findings suggest that smart policy design can build climate coalitions for decarbonization, even in the places most impacted by moving away from fossil fuels.
Correlación entre una evaluación sumativa escrita y el promedio ponderado en estudiantes de medicina humana
Authors: Romaní Romaní Franco Ronald , Gutiérrez César 
Published: August 2022

Introducción: La evaluación sumativa es usualmente aplicada al final de un periodo académico para medir el aprendizaje de un estudiante, estas evaluaciones utilizan diversas representaciones de pacientes, desde pacientes reales hasta narraciones escritas basadas en casos clínicos. Existe limitada evidencia sobre la asociación entre los resultados de evaluaciones escritas basadas en casos clínicos como evaluación sumativa y el desempeño académico en estudiantes de medicina humana.Objetivo: Evaluar la correlación entre el puntaje de un examen anual escrito basado en casos clínicos con preguntas de opción múltiple y el promedio ponderado –como indicador de desempeño académico– en estudiantes de una facultad de medicina humana del Perú.Método: Estudio de fuentes secundarias, con diseño longitudinal en panel para el periodo 2017 a 2020. El examen anual tiene 250 preguntas de opción múltiple basadas en diferentes contextos clínicos extraídos de reportes de casos publicados. Cada pregunta correctamente respondida brindó un punto, el puntaje fue transformado a escala vigesimal y se evaluó su correlación con el promedio ponderado en escala vigesimal. Se realizaron gráficos de dispersión y el cálculo del coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. El análisis fue realizado para cada año académico.Resultados: Se analizaron los datos de 228 estudiantes, las medias de los puntajes del examen anual fluctuaron entre 9.61 (desviación estándar = 1.91) para el 2019 a 10.75 (desviación estándar = 2.34) para el 2018. En todos los años se encontró correlación lineal directa significativa entre el promedio ponderado anual y el examen anual. La mayor correlación se dio en el 2019 (rho de Spearman [rS = 0.812]). En el análisis de correlación según sexo se mantuvieron correlaciones significativas.Conclusiones: En los años analizados el puntaje obtenido en el examen anual se correlaciona de manera lineal directa con el desempeño académico, también se encontró correlación lineal directa entre los puntajes del examen anual.