bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurocognitive patterns across genetic levels in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia: a multiple single cases study
Authors: Santamaría-García Hernando , Ogonowsky Natalia , Baez Sandra , Palacio Nicole , Reyes Pablo , Schulte Michael , López Andrea , Matallana Diana , Ibanez Agustín 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) has been related to different genetic factors. Identifying multimodal phenotypic heterogeneity triggered by various genetic influences is critical for improving diagnosis, prognosis, and treatments. However, the specific impact of different genetic levels (mutations vs. risk variants vs. sporadic presentations) on clinical and neurocognitive phenotypes is not entirely understood, specially in patites from underrepresented regions such as Colombia.

Methods
Here, in a multiple single cases study, we provide systematic comparisons regarding cognitive, neuropsychiatric, brain atrophy, and gene expression-atrophy overlap in a novel cohort of FTD patients (n = 42) from Colombia with different genetic levels, including patients with known genetic influences (G-FTD) such as those with genetic mutations (GR1) in particular genes (MAPT, TARDBP, and TREM2); patients with risk variants (GR2) in genes associated with FTD (tau Haplotypes H1 and H2 and APOE variants including ε2, ε3, ε4); and sporadic FTD patients (S-FTD (GR3)).

Results
We found that patients from GR1 and GR2 exhibited earlier disease onset, pervasive cognitive impairments (cognitive screening, executive functioning, ToM), and increased brain atrophy (prefrontal areas, cingulated cortices, basal ganglia, and inferior temporal gyrus) than S-FTD patients (GR3). No differences in disease duration were observed across groups. Additionally, significant neuropsychiatric symptoms were observed in the GR1. The GR1 also presented more clinical and neurocognitive compromise than GR2 patients; these groups, however, did not display differences in disease onset or duration. APOE and tau patients showed more neuropsychiatric symptoms and primary atrophy in parietal and temporal cortices than GR1 patients. The gene-atrophy overlap analysis revealed atrophy in regions with specific genetic overexpression in all G-FTD patients. A differential family presentation did not explain the results.

Conclusions
Our results support the existence of genetic levels affecting the clinical, neurocognitive, and, to a lesser extent, neuropsychiatric presentation of bvFTD in the present underrepresented sample. These results support tailored assessments characterization based on the parallels of genetic levels and neurocognitive profiles in bvFTD.
Mental health symptom changes in pregnant individuals across the COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Gimbel Lauren A. , Allshouse Amanda A. , Neff Dylan , Silver Robert M. , Conradt Elisabeth , Crowell Sheila E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Initial studies found that mental health symptoms increased in pregnant and postpartum individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Less research has focused on if these putative increases persist over time and what factors influence these changes. We examined the longitudinal change in mental health symptoms in pregnant and postpartum individuals and investigated moderation by maternal emotion dysregulation and the incidence of coronavirus.

Methods
Pregnant and postpartum individuals at the University of Utah were invited to join the COVID-19 and Perinatal Experiences (COPE) Study. Beginning on April 23, 2020 participants were sent a survey comprised of demographics, medical and social history, pregnancy information and self-assessments (Time 1). Participants were contacted 90 days later and invited to participate in a follow-up questionnaire (Time 2). Daily coronavirus case counts were accessed from the state of Utah and a 7-day moving average calculated. Within-subject change in mental health symptom scores, as measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory, was calculated. Linear mixed effects regression modeling adjusted for history of substance abuse and mental health disorders.

Results
270 individuals responded between April 23rd, 2020 and July 15th, 2021. Mental health symptom scores improved by 1.36 points (0.7-2.0 p < 0.001). The decrease in mental health symptoms was not moderated by the prevalence of COVID-19 cases (p = 0.19) but was moderated by emotion dysregulation (p = 0.001) as defined by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale short form. Participants with higher emotion dysregulation also had higher mental health symptom scores.

Conclusion
Mental health symptoms improved over the course of the pandemic in the same pregnant or postpartum participant. Our findings do not negate the importance of mental health care during the pandemic. Rather, we believe this identifies some aspect of resiliency and adaptability. Examining emotion dysregulation, or asking about a history of mental health, may be helpful in identifying persons at higher risk of heightened responses to stressors.
How valid are women’s reports of the antenatal health services they receive from Community Health Workers in Gombe State north-eastern Nigeria?
Authors: Olal Emmanuel , Umar Nasir , Anyanti Jennifer , Hill Zelee , Marchant Tanya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Community health workers (CHWs) in low- and middle-income countries are key to increasing coverage of maternal and newborn interventions through home visits to counsel families about healthy behaviours. Household surveys enable tracking the progress of CHW programmes but recent evidence questions the accuracy of maternal reports. We measured the validity of women’s responses about the content of care they received during CHW home visits and examined whether the accuracy of women’s responses was affected by CHW counselling skills.

Methods
We conducted a criterion validity study in 2019, in Gombe State-Nigeria, and collected data from 362 pregnant women. During accompanied CHW home visits the content of CHW care and the presence or absence of 18 positive counselling skills were observed and documented by a researcher. In a follow-up interview three months later, the same women were asked about the care received during the CHW home visit. Women’s reports were compared with observation data and the sensitivity, specificity, and area under receiver curve (AUC) calculated. We performed a covariate validity analysis that adjusted for a counselling skill score to assess the variation in accuracy of women’s reports with CHW counselling skills.

Results
Ten indicators were included in the validity analysis. Women consistently overestimated the content of care CHWs provided and no indicator met the condition for individual-level accuracy set at AUC ≥ 0.6. The CHW counselling skill score ranged from 9–18 points from a possible 18, with a mean of 14.3; checking on client history or concerns were the most frequently missed item. There was evidence that unmarried women and the relatively most poor women received less skilled counselling than other women (mean counselling scores of 13.2 and 13.7 respectively). There was no consistent evidence of an association between higher counselling skill scores and better accuracy of women's reports.

Conclusions
The validity of women's responses about CHW care content was poor and consistently overestimated coverage. We discuss several challenges in applying criterion validity study methods to examine measures of community-based care and make only cautious interpretation of the findings that may be relevant to other researchers interested in developing similar studies.
A cross-sectional study of infant feeding practices in Vietnamese-born mothers living in Australia
Authors: Zahra Lauren , Kremer Peter , Bolton Kristy A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundInfant feeding practices are a key modifiable risk factor for childhood overweight and obesity; and important for lifelong health and wellbeing. Despite the growing Australian immigrant population, it is unclear how infant feeding practices may differ between ethnicities living in Australia. Few studies have examined the infant feeding practices of Vietnamese mothers who migrate and give birth to infants in Australia – termedVietnamese-born mothers. The aim of this study was to examine differences in infant feeding practices (breastfeeding, formula feeding and complementary feeding (other fluids and solids)) in Vietnamese-born mothers compared with Australian-born mothers living in Australia.MethodThis study analysed the Australian National Infant Feeding Survey dataset (2010–11), a large national cross-sectional survey measuring feeding practices of infants aged 0–24 months old. Infant feeding practices of Vietnamese-born mothers (n = 261) and a random sub-sample of Australian-born mothers (n = 261) were compared. Associations between ethnicity and infant feeding practices were examined through logistic and linear regression adjusting for maternal age, socioeconomic status, body mass index (BMI) at start of pregnancy, infant age at survey completion and parity. Compliance with the Australian national infant feeding guidelines was also assessed.ResultsCompliance with infant feeding guidelines was low, with differences in infant feeding practices between groups. At the time of survey completion, when infants were on average 7.2 months old, compared with infants of Australian-born mothers, infants to Vietnamese-born mothers were significantly younger when first exposed to fruit juice (b = -2.41, 95%CI: -4.54– -0.28); less likely to be exposed to solids (AOR: 0.15, 95%CI: 0.05–0.44) and more likely to be exposed to formula milks (AOR: 2.21, 95%CI: 1.10–4.43); toddler milks (AOR: 16.72, 95%CI: 3.11–90.09) and fruit juice (AOR: 2.37, 95%CI: 1.06–5.32) (p < 0.05).ConclusionLow adherence with breastfeeding (low breastfeeding and high infant formula use) and other fluids (toddler milks and fruit juice) recommendations outlined by the Australian infant feeding guidelines were observed in this group of Vietnamese-born mothers. To optimise feeding and growth in Vietnamese-Australian children, culturally appropriate infant feeding support targeting breastfeeding durations, reducing reliance on infant formula, and reducing inappropriate introduction to other fluids should be the focus of infant feeding promotion within these mothers.
Spatial variation and inequities in antenatal care coverage in Kenya, Uganda and mainland Tanzania using model-based geostatistics: a socioeconomic and geographical accessibility lens
Authors: Macharia Peter M. , Joseph Noel K. , Nalwadda Gorrette Kayondo , Mwilike Beatrice , Banke-Thomas Aduragbemi , Benova Lenka , Johnson Olatunji 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experience the highest levels of maternal mortality and stillbirths due to predominantly avoidable causes. Antenatal care (ANC) can prevent, detect, alleviate, or manage these causes. While eight ANC contacts are now recommended, coverage of the previous minimum of four visits (ANC4+) remains low and inequitable in SSA.

Methods
We modelled ANC4+ coverage and likelihood of attaining district-level target coverage of 70% across three equity stratifiers (household wealth, maternal education, and travel time to the nearest health facility) based on data from malaria indicator surveys in Kenya (2020), Uganda (2018/19) and Tanzania (2017). Geostatistical models were fitted to predict ANC4+ coverage and compute exceedance probability for target coverage. The number of pregnant women without ANC4+ were computed. Prediction was at 3 km spatial resolution and aggregated at national and district -level for sub-national planning.

Results
About six in ten women reported ANC4+ visits, meaning that approximately 3 million women in the three countries had <ANC4+ visits. The majority of the 366 districts in the three countries had ANC4+ coverage of 50–70%. In Kenya, 13% of districts had < 70% coverage, compared to 10% and 27% of the districts in Uganda and mainland Tanzania, respectively. Only one district in Kenya and ten districts in mainland Tanzania were likely met the target coverage. Six percent, 38%, and 50% of the districts had at most 5000 women with <ANC4+ visits in Kenya, Uganda, and mainland Tanzania, respectively, while districts with > 20,000 women having <ANC4+ visits were 38%, 1% and 1%, respectively. In many districts, ANC4+ coverage and likelihood of attaining the target coverage was lower among the poor, uneducated and those geographically marginalized from healthcare.

Conclusions
These findings will be invaluable to policymakers for annual appropriations of resources as part of efforts to reduce maternal deaths and stillbirths.
Clinical features at the time of non-hysteroscopic myomectomy before pregnancy, which affect adverse pregnancy outcomes: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kim Young Ran , Na Eun Duc , Jung Jae Eun , Moon Ji Hyun , Lee Ji Yeon 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the association of clinical characteristics at the time of non-hysteroscopic myomectomy before pregnancy and adverse obstetric outcomes in the next pregnancy.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, we identified 248 women who underwent abdominal or laparoscopic myomectomy for intramural (IM) and/or subserosal (SS) uterine myomas in Bundang CHA Medical Center before pregnancy and delivered at the same hospital between 2010 and 2020. The association between clinical characteristics at the time of myomectomy and subsequent obstetric outcomes was analyzed using the Chi-square test, the Student t-test or one-way ANOVA, and multivariable analysis.

Results
There was one case of uterine rupture. The gestational age at delivery was 37.7 ± 2.4 weeks. There were 2 (0.8%) cases of fetal loss before 23 weeks, but there were no cases of perinatal death. The risk of transfusion during or after delivery was higher in the group in which multiple myomas were removed compared to the group in which only one was removed (aOR = 2.41, 95% CI [1.20–4.86], p = 0.014). The risk of neonatal composite morbidity was higher in the group in which myomas including the IM type were removed, than in the group in which only SS myomas were removed (aOR = 14.29, 95% CI [1.82–99.57], p = 0.012). Although not statistically significant, the group in which the sum of the diameters of the three largest myomas was greater than 15 cm showed a higher frequency of preterm birth (19.3% vs. 10.1%, p = 0.001) and lower birth weight (2901 ± 625 g vs. 3063 ± 576 g, p = 0.001) compared to the group with diameters less than 15 cm. Placenta accreta/increta (7.9% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.043) and lower placental weight (646 ± 170 g vs. 750 ± 232 g, p = 0.034) were more common in patients with an interval between myomectomy and pregnancy of less than 12 months compared to more than 12 months.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the association between clinical features at the time of myomectomy before pregnancy and various adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. If the removed myomas are multiple, IM, large, or the interval between myomectomy and pregnancy is short, the risk of obstetric and neonatal complications may increase.
Nomogram for prediction of prolonged postoperative ileus after colorectal resection
Authors: Lin Zhenmeng , Li Yangming , Wu Jiansheng , Zheng Huizhe , Yang Chunkang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is a major complication in patients undergoing colorectal resection. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors contributing to PPOI, and to develop an effective nomogram to determine the risks of this population.

Methods
A total of 1,254 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical colorectal resection at Fujian Cancer Hospital from March 2016 to August 2021 were enrolled as a training cohort in this study. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to determine the correlation between PPOI and clinicopathological characteristics. A nomogram predicting the incidence of PPOI was constructed. The cohort of 153 patients from Fujian Provincial Hospital were enrolled as a validation cohort. Internal and external validations were used to evaluate the prediction ability by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and a calibration plot.

Results
In the training cohort, 128 patients (10.2%) had PPOI after colorectal resection. The independent predictive factors of PPOI were identified, and included gender, age, surgical approach and intraoperative fluid overload. The AUC of nomogram were 0.779 (95% CI: 0.736–0.822) and 0.791 (95%CI: 0.677–0.905) in the training and validation cohort, respectively. The two cohorts of calibration plots showed a good consistency between nomogram prediction and actual observation.

Conclusions
A highly accurate nomogram was developed and validated in this study, which can be used to provide individual prediction of PPOI in patients after colorectal resection, and this predictive power can potentially assist surgeons to make the optimal treatment decisions.
Pediatric meningioma with a Novel MAML2-YAP1 fusion variant: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zheng Xuan , Guo Shaolei , Liu Dawei , Chu Jianping , Li Yongfu , Wang Xiaoxuan , Zhang Xing , Song Chao , Huang Quan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Pediatric meningioma with YAP1 fusion is a rare subset of meningiomas. Currently, there are lack of integrated clinical, radiological, and pathological features on this subset. Here, we reported a case of pediatric meningioma with a novel MAML2-YAP1 fusion variant and reviewed the relevant literature.

Case presentation
We presented a case of 12-year-old boy with meningioma adjacent to the superior sagittal sinus and falx. Simpson grade II gross total resection was performed after diagnosis. Pathologically, he was diagnosed as WHO grade I meningothelial meningioma with rhabdoid features. A next-generation sequencing-based gene panel was performed to determine the molecular features for potential treatment, and a novel MAML2-YAP1 fusion break point was identified.

Conclusion
Pediatric meningioma with the fusion of YAP1 and MAML2 genes is more likely to have pathological features of rhabdiod cells, which needs to be validated in large-scale studies for exploring better treatment under the integrated diagnosis.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of continuous positive airways pressure versus high flow oxygen cannula in acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Buendía Jefferson Antonio , Feliciano-Alfonso John Edwin , Laverde Mauricio Fernandez 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
There are a trend towards increasing use of High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC), outside of paediatric intensive care unit. Give this trend is necessary to update the actual evidence and to assess available published literature to determinate the efficacy of HFNC over Continuous Positive Air Pressure (CPAP) as treatment for children with severe bronchiolitis.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and COCHRANE Central, and gray literature in clinical trials databases (www.clinicaltrials.gov), from inception to June 2022. The inclusion criteria for the literature were randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that included children < 2 years old, with acute moderate or severe bronchiolitis. All study selection and data extractions are performed independently by two reviewers.

Results
The initial searches including 106 records. Only five randomized controlled trial that met the inclusion criteria were included in meta-analysis. The risk of invasive mechanical ventilation was not significantly different in CPAP group and HFNC group [OR: 1.18, 95% CI (0.74, 1.89), I² = 0%] (very low quality). The risk of treatment failure was less significantly in CPAP group than HFNC group [OR: 0.51, 95% CI (0.36, 0.75), I² = 0%] (very low quality).

Conclusion
In conclusion, there was no significant difference between HFNC and CPAP in terms of risk of invasive mechanical ventilation. CPAP reduces de risk of therapeutic failure with a highest risk of non severe adverse events. More trials are needed to confirm theses results.
Current treatment strategies for postoperative intrahepatic bile duct stones in congenital biliary dilatation: a single center retrospective study
Authors: Takimoto Atsuro , Fumino Shigehisa , Iguchi Masafumi , Takemoto Masakazu , Takayama Shohei , Kim Kiyokazu , Higashi Mayumi , Aoi Shigeyoshi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD) stones are one of the most common late complications of Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy for congenital biliary dilatation (CBD). We report the current treatment strategies for IHBD stones and their outcomes in our institute.

Methods
Between 1983 and 2021, 117 patients with CBD were surgically treated in our institute. Our treatment strategies included oral ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), double-balloon endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (DB-ERC), percutaneous cholangio-drainage (PTCD), and open surgery. A retrospective study was conducted using medical charts.

Results
Postoperative IHBD stones were identified in 12 of 117 patients with CBD (10.2%). Five patients received UDCA, and small stones were successfully resolved in two cases. DB-ERC was performed eight times in five patients, but the endoscope could not reach the porta hepatis due to a long jejunal loop in two of five patients. One patient presented with severe acute pancreatitis induced by prolonged DB-ERC. PTCD was performed in three patients, two of whom finally underwent open surgery due to unsuccessful lithotomy. Open surgery was eventually performed in three patients. Lithotomy was performed in one patient; lithotomy with strictureplasty was performed in another patient. The other patient was diagnosed with intrahepatic cholelithiasis with adenocarcinoma. He underwent left lobectomy and died of carcinomatous peritonitis.

Conclusions
Oral UDCA may be effective for small stones. Although DB-ERC should be considered as a first-line interventional therapy for lithotomy, it may not be feasible due to a long jejunal loop, and pancreatitis may occur. Long-term follow-up and early detection and treatment for IHBD stones may yield a good prognosis.
Increased serum homocysteine in first episode and drug-naïve individuals with schizophrenia: sex differences and correlations with clinical symptoms
Authors: Yang Xu , Yang Haidong , Li Na , Li Chunyu , Liang Weiye , Zhang Xiaobin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Accumulating evidence shows that homocysteine (Hcy) is implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and plays an important role in clinical characteristics. This study evaluated the relationships between Hcy levels and clinical features in first-episode, Chinese Han, drug-naïve (FEDN) patients with schizophrenia.

Methods
FEDN individuals (119 with schizophrenia and 81 healthy controls matched for age, sex, education, and body mass index (BMI)) were enrolled. The serum Hcy levels were determined by enzyme cycle assay experiments. Severities of clinical symptoms were rated on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).

Results
FEDN individuals with schizophrenia had higher Hcy levels compared with healthy controls (F = 46.865, P < 0.001). Correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analyses showed that serum Hcy levels in FEDN schizophrenia individuals were positively correlated with PANSS general psychopathology subscale (r = 0.294, P = 0.001) and PANSS total score (r = 0.273, P = 0.003). No significant association was found between Hcy and age, BMI, PANSS positive subscale, and the PANSS negative subscale (all, P > 0.05). Male individuals had significantly higher serum Hcy levels than female individuals (F = 7.717, P = 0.006) after controlling for confounding factors (F = 0.759, P = 0.011).

Conclusions
Serum Hcy levels were increased in FEDN individuals with schizophrenia, and Hcy levels may be involved in pathophysiological mechanisms. Sex differences in Hcy levels were observed, with higher levels in male FEDN individuals compared to females.