bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Validity Analysis of Pelvic Sagittal Inclination Calculated by Inverse Cosine Function Method on Pelvic Anteroposterior Radiographs
Authors: Huang Hao‐han , Chen Yan , Chen Zhao‐xun , Zhao Chang‐qing 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveEvaluation of sagittal pelvic tilt is significant for hip surgeons. However, the accurate measurement of pelvic sagittal inclination (PSI) is still a challenge. The objective of this study is to propose a new method for measurement of PSI from pelvic anteroposterior radiograph based on the inverse cosine function obtained from individualized pelvic model.MethodsCollecting the imaging data of 30 patients with both pelvic CT and full‐length spine radiographs. Establishing pelvic model by customized 3D reconstruction software. The length of three groups of longitudinal and transverse line segments (A′p and B′) were measured from full‐length spine anteroposterior radiographs. The corresponding anatomical parameters, including A, B, b, ∠α, ∠γ, were measured and calculated on the same patient's pelvic model. The estimated PSI (ePSI) based on three groups of anatomical landmarks, including ePSI‐1, ePSI‐2, and ePSI‐3, were calculated by equation, , and compared with the actual PSI (aPSI) measured by Surgamap software. For the reliability and validation evaluation, three observers measured these parameters in two rounds. Intra‐class correlation and inter‐class correlation were both calculated. Bland–Altman method was used to evaluate the consistency between the estimated PSI (ePSI) and the actual PSI (aPSI).ResultsePSI‐1 and ePSI‐2 showed excellent intra‐observer reliability (0.921–0.997, p < 0.001) and inter‐observer reliability (0.801–0.977, p < 0.001). ePSI‐3 had a fair inter‐observer reliability (0.239–0.823, p < 0.001). ePSI‐1 showed the strongest correlation with aPSI (r = 0.917, p < 0.001). Mean (maximum) absolute difference of ePSI‐1, ePSI‐2, and ePSI‐3 is 2.62° (7.42°), 4.23° (13.78°), and 7.74° (31.47°), respectively. The proportion of cases with absolute difference less than 5° in three groups were 86.7% (ePSI‐1), 66.7% (ePSI‐2), 56.7% (ePSI‐3).ConclusionThis new method based on inverse cosine function has good reliability and validity when used in the evaluation of PSI on pelvic anteroposterior radiographs.
Grammar and analyticity: Wittgenstein and the logical positivists on logical and conceptual truth
Authors: Büttner Kai Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWittgenstein's conception of logical and conceptual truth is often thought to rival that of the logical positivists. This paper argues that there are important respects in which these conceptions complement each other. Analyticity, in the positivists' sense, coincides, not with Wittgenstein's notion of a grammatical proposition, but rather with his notion of a tautology. Grammatical propositions can usually be construed as analyticity postulates in Carnap's sense of the term. This account of grammatical and analytic propositions will be illustrated by appeal to logical, conceptual and arithmetic truths. Its consequences for an analysis of corresponding modal notions will be indicated.
Respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas of the sinonasal tract: A histopathological analysis of 50 patients
Authors: Goto Masamichi , Nishimoto Kengo , Jougasaki Yasuyo , Matsuzaki Tsutomu , Nomoto Mitsuharu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRespiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH) is a benign lesion of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Here, we report the clinicopathological characteristics of REAH identified in 2065 cases with nasal/paranasal polypoid lesions treated with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) at our hospital from 2008 to 2021. Cases including the olfactory area were reviewed and 50 patients of REAH were identified pathologically (50/2065, 2.4%). The average age was 58.9 years old and the male/female ratio was 45/5. Grossly, REAH showed a whitish surface and elastic firm consistency. The histopathological characteristics included proliferation of small to medium‐sized glands composed of ciliated respiratory epithelium containing goblet cells; thickening of the basement membrane compared to that for inverted papilloma (9.6 ± 2.4 vs. 1.3 ± 1.6 µm, p < 0.001); and no intra‐epithelial neutrophilic infiltration. Among the REAH cases, 81% were associated with sinonasal inflammatory polyps. Many olfactory cleft polyps were REAH (38/98, 39%). The rate of REAH found in ESS in the last 7 years was higher than that in the first 7 years (3.17% vs. 1.62%, p = 0.032). Our results in Japanese patients are similar to those found in other countries, including male predominance. REAH is relatively common and that 39% of polyps taken from olfactory clefts are REAH.
Transformation of international migrants in head wind: Evidence from Tajikistan in the 2010s
Authors: Shimizutani Satoshi , Yamada Eiji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTajikistan has relied on remittances by international migrants that have exceeded a quarter of annual GDP to date, despite a series of exogenous adverse events in the mid‐2010s. We use a nationally representative panel dataset collected in 2013 and 2018 to explore the socio‐economic characteristics of households with international migrants and migrants themselves. We provide several new findings. First, the prevalence of households with international migrants is 40%, with a substantial transition in migrant status during the research period. Second, households with international migrants are not poor, have Russian‐speaking members, and are supported by an intense migration network. Third, younger, single, and more educated males comprise most of Tajikistan's international migrants. Fourth, households without Russian‐speaking members or migration networks in 2013 had begun to send international migrants by 2018, while households in the richest group had exited from migration, suggesting s transition of the socio‐economic composition of migrant‐sending households during the mid‐2010s.
Can reconstruction programmes improve political perceptions in conflict contexts? Evidence from eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: De Juan Alexander , Koos Carlo , Pellicer Miquel , Wegner Eva 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPostconflict reconstruction programmes often aim to improve state–society relations but fail to spell out the underlying process. We specify a mechanism that links aid programmes through (1) short‐term and (2) medium‐term improvements in basic services and (3) subjective progress to (4) perceptions of the state and spell four conditions (quality, sustainability, magnitude and attribution to the state) that must be met for this process to occur. We use this framework to evaluate a large‐scale reconstruction programme in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). We find that the programme improved basic services in the short term and midterm and positively affected beneficiaries' subjective well‐being. However, we do not find evidence that aid benefits have translated into political trust towards state institutions—on the contrary, project villages display slightly more negative attitudes than control villages. We suggest that this is due to lack of attribution of the improvements to the state that which was included in the selection phase but largely absent in the implementation. This implies that improved services can erode state legitimacy when citizens interpret the provision by nonstate actors as a signal of the state's inability or unwillingness to provide these services.
Early and out‐of‐hospital use of COVID‐19 convalescent plasma: An international assessment of utilization and feasibility
Authors: Al‐Riyami Arwa Z. , Estcourt Lise , Rahimi‐Levene Naomi , Bloch Evan M. , Goel Ruchika , Tiberghien Pierre , Thibert Jean‐Baptiste , Bruun Mie Topholm , Devine Dana V. , Gammon Richard R. , Wendel Silvano , Toungouz Nevessignsky Michel , Grubovic Rastvorceva Rada M. , Oreh Adaeze , Romon Iñigo , van den Berg Karin , Kitazawa Junichi , Patidar Gopal , So‐Osman Cynthia , Wood Erica M. ,   the ISBT COVID‐19 Convalescent Plasma Working Group
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe use of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) convalescent plasma (CCP) in the treatment of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome‐2 infection has been controversial. Early administration of CCP before hospital admission offers a potential advantage. This manuscript summarizes current trials of early use of CCP and explores the feasibility of this approach in different countries.Materials and MethodsA questionnaire was distributed to the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) CCP working group. We recorded respondents' input on existing trials on early/outpatient CCP and out‐of‐hospital (OOH)/home transfusion (HT) practices in their countries and feedback on challenges in initiating home CCP infusion programmes. In addition, details of existing trials registered on clinicaltrials.gov were summarized.ResultsA total of 31 country representatives participated. Early/OOH CCP transfusion studies were reported in the United States, the Netherlands, Spain and Brazil. There were a total of six published and five ongoing trials on the prophylactic and therapeutic early use of CCP. HT was practised in Australia, the UK, Belgium, France, Japan, Nigeria, the Netherlands, Spain, Italy, Norway, the United States and some provinces in Canada. Thirty‐four representatives indicated a lack of OOH CCP or HT in their institutions and countries. Barriers to implementation of OOH/HT included existing legislation, lack of policies pertaining to outpatient transfusion, and associated logistical challenges, including lack of staffing and resources.ConclusionEarly administration of CCP remains a potential option in COVID‐19 management in countries with existing OOH/HT programmes. Legislation and regulatory bodies should consider OOH/HT practice for transfusion in future pandemics.
HLA Class II regulation of immune response in sickle cell disease patients: Susceptibility to red blood cell alloimmunization (systematic review and meta‐analysis)
Authors: Wong Karmen , Lai Wing Kit , Jackson Denise E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSickle cell disease (SCD) patients are commonly treated with red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Pretransfusion tests commonly involve limited serological antibody testing. RBC alloimmunization to RBC antigens is a frequently encountered complication seen in chronically transfused patients. Genetic factors such as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) are known to influence and regulate immune responses. HLAs are highly polymorphic and play an essential role in regulating immune responses, including RBC alloimmunization. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the association between HLA Class II allelic polymorphisms with the possible risk of developing RBC alloantibodies.Materials and MethodsFour databases were systematically searched for relevant studies between the years 2000 and 2021 following the PRISMA guidelines. Four articles met the eligibility and quality criterion, and three alleles, HLA‐DRB1*04, HLA‐DRB1*15 and HLA‐DQB1*03, that were found to be potentially associated with an increased risk in alloantibody formation were included.ResultsThe primary outcome measure was alloimmunization by RBC antigen exposure in multiply transfused SCD patients. The total estimate of alloimmunization of the SCD patients was 2.33 (95% CI, 1.58–3.44), demonstrating susceptibility to RBC alloantibody formation. Heterogeneity between the studies was insignificant, suggesting the differences associated with random sampling errors. The results showed that SCD patients carry an increased risk of producing RBC alloantibodies.ConclusionA strategy to prevent RBC alloimmunization is genotyping for genetically susceptible SCD patients receiving multiple transfusions. Early identification of genetic variants that can potentially increase the risk of RBC alloimmunization could aid in the screening process and selection of phenotypically matched RBC units.
Contamination of platelet concentrates with Staphylococcus aureus induces significant modulations in platelet functionality
Authors: Yousuf Basit , Pasha Roya , Pineault Nicolas , Ramirez‐Arcos Sandra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPlatelet concentrates (PCs) contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus can escape detection during PC screening, causing septic transfusion reactions. This study aimed to determine the impact of S. aureus contamination on platelet metabolism and functionality during PC storage.Materials and MethodsTargeted metabolomics (N = 3) was performed on non‐spiked PCs and PCs inoculated with 10–20 colony‐forming units (CFU)/bag of S. aureus. Metabolites were quantified at 0, 48 and 144 h using high‐performance mass spectrometry (MS). Additionally, PCs spiked with approximately 20 CFU/bag of S. aureus were sampled every 24 h for up to 144 h to evaluate platelet functionality using flow cytometry (N = 2).ResultsEight metabolites had significantly different levels in spiked PCs (log2 fold‐change ≤ or ≥±1) versus non‐spiked units at 48 and 144 h. Xanthine, uridine, serine, glutamine and threonine were increased, whereas orotic acid, dihydroorotic acid and aspartic acid were decreased. Flow cytometry showed a significant decrease in expression of GPIIb while P‐selectin expression was significantly increased in spiked PCs after 72 h of storage when S. aureus concentration was ≥10E+08 CFU/ml. Additionally, phosphatidylserine exposure was significantly increased after 48 h of PC storage, when S. aureus had reached a concentration of 2E+06.ConclusionContamination with S. aureus exacerbates platelet storage lesions in contaminated PCs but only when the bacterium has reached clinically significant levels.
Use of O RhD‐negative red blood cells: A nationwide, prospective audit
Authors: Ilmakunnas Minna , Salmela Katja , Kivipuro Tiia , Sareneva Hannele , Sainio Susanna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDespite declining transfusion rates, overuse of O RhD‐negative red blood cells (RBCs) risks the secure supply of this limited resource. A nationwide prospective audit was performed in Finland to understand the clinical use and inventory management of O RhD‐negative units. Our aim was to identify areas where policy changes could help alleviate the shortage of O RhD‐negative RBCs.Materials and MethodsThe use of every O RhD‐negative unit in Finland during a period of 1 month was reviewed. For each issued unit (n = 1105), unit age, urgency of transfusion, hospital and patient demographics, and specific reasons for issuing O RhD‐negative units were recorded.ResultsAlmost half of the O RhD‐negative units (n = 529, 47.9%) were issued to non‐O RhD‐negative patients. Only 22.3% (n = 118) were issued for females under the age of 50. Of the units for ABO‐nonidentical transfusion, one‐third (32.5%, n = 172) were issued for emergency transfusion, two‐thirds (67.5%, n = 357) for non‐urgent transfusions. The most common reason for issuing an O RhD‐negative unit was inventory management (n = 172, 48.2% of units issued for non‐urgent transfusion). Most of these units were issued close to the unit expiry date.ConclusionThis nationwide audit revealed that a significant proportion of O RhD‐negative RBCs are used inappropriately. Clinicians should be educated on the appropriate use of O RhD‐negative RBCs, and blood banks should develop strategies for inventory management to avoid issuing O RhD‐negative units purely to prevent outdating.
Effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative treatment in cardiovascular function: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Vanier Cheryl , Johnston Kristine , DeArmond Megan , Salloum Liza , Arjmand Shadi , Toder Eric , Ioudina Marina 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
The objective of this review is to investigate the short- and long-term effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment on cardiovascular function and its regulators in the nervous and endocrine systems.

Introduction:
A variety of pharmacological and lifestyle-based treatments are used to prevent or treat vascular diseases, yet vascular disease underpins the top 2 causes of death worldwide. There is a need for more preventative and therapeutic interventions in the management and prevention of vascular disease that are compatible with existing interventions. Osteopathic manipulative treatment has shown promise as a non-invasive approach to improve cardiovascular function, but it is currently utilized mostly for alleviating musculoskeletal symptoms. A comprehensive summary of the evidence on the effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative treatment in cardiovascular function will assist clinicians and guide future research directions.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, and crossover studies. Participants must have received osteopathic manipulative treatment intervention. Comparators will include passive or active controls, including controls for body position, touch, and other potential interventions for vascular disease. Cardiovascular, nervous-system, or endocrine-system outcome variables must be measured at least once after treatment. Adverse events will also be considered.

Methods:
Searches will be conducted in the following sources: MEDLINE, the Journal of Osteopathic Medicine, Embase, Scopus, ProQuest One Academic, MedNar, the International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine, and CINAHL. Studies available in English, without date restrictions, will be considered for inclusion. Relevant studies will be selected by 2 independent reviewers, critically appraised, and extracted using a tool customized for the details of the study. If meta-analysis is possible, evidence will be summarized using standard techniques with subgroup analyses providing more insight into particular osteopathic manipulative treatment techniques, time frame of the treatment, and duration of effects, among others. Certainty of findings will be presented using GRADE.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42021225838
Barriers and facilitators for accessing and prescribing hormone therapy in primary care for transgender adults: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Ziegler Erin , Mills Christine M. , Lee Ji-Yoon Jessica , Carroll Benjamin 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to barriers and facilitators experienced by transgender adults in accessing hormone therapy. It will also explore the experiences of primary care practitioners in prescribing hormone therapy in primary care.

Introduction:
Providing care to transgender patients is a rapidly growing area of primary care. Despite the existence of clinical practice guidelines that support the prescription of gender-affirming hormone therapy in primary care, only a small number of primary care providers are offering this care. This review will seek to advance research on this topic by examining the barriers and facilitators of hormone prescription for transgender adults in primary care.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider research on primary care practitioners who prescribe hormone therapy to transgender adults. It will also focus on transgender adults who seek hormone therapy in primary care. Only studies that examine barriers and facilitators in primary care will be included. The review will include qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies, in addition to systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Methods:
The search will include MEDLINE, CINAHL, EmCare, and Nursing and Allied Health Premium. No date limits will be applied to the search. Only articles written in English will be eligible for inclusion. Articles will be reviewed and data extracted by 2 independent reviewers. The results of the extracted data will be presented in a narrative summary with accompanying tables.
Investigation on Film Cooling Performance of a Novel Hole Arrangement Based on Combined-Hole Design
Authors: Zhu Rui , Zhu Huaitao , Xie Gongnan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Based on a combined-hole design, a novel hole arrangement was proposed and tested on a flat plate model by numerical simulation. Replacing one row in two rows of staggered holes with a row of smaller holes, the bigger holes in one row and smaller holes in the other row will form combined-hole units. The kidney–vortex pairs in the combined-hole unit will interact with each other and get weakened, finally enhancing film cooling performance. Compared to the original two rows of staggered holes, the coolant mass flowrate will be reduced by 25% for the new hole arrangements. Results show that the area-averaged film cooling effectiveness of the new arrangements is similar or even higher than that of the original one at different blowing ratios. Replacing the second row of holes with smaller holes provide better cooling performance than replacing the first row of holes. The overall film cooling performance is not sensitive to the row space. The highest improvement of film cooling effectiveness is 24% when the blowing ratio is 1. However, as the coolant accumulation and reattachment phenomenon is weakened by the new arrangements, the film cooling performance is not as good as the original one when the blowing ratio is 1.5.
Associated factors for discontinuation of statin use one year after discharge in patients with acute coronary syndrome in China
Authors: Xie Gaoqiang , Myint Phyo Kyaw , Sun Yihong , Li Xian , Wu Tao , Gao Run-lin , Wu Yangfeng 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo determine the associated factors for discontinuation of statin use 1 year after discharge in patients who survived from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in China.Settings75 hospitals across China.DesignA cohort follow-up study.ParticipantsThe study included 10 337 patients with ACS hospitalised in 2007–2010 and discharged with statins from 75 hospitals in China in the Clinical Pathways for Acute Coronary Syndromes in China Study-Phase 2 (CPACS-2), who were followed-up at 6 and 12 months postdischarge.Primary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the discontinuation of statin use defined as not in current use of statin at either 6-month or 12-month follow-up.ResultsMultivariable logistic regression model showed that patients who did not have cholesterol measurement (adjusted OR=1.29; 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.50) and patients with either higher (1.27; 1.13 to 1.43) or lower dose of statin (1.22; 1.07 to 1.40), compared with those with standard dose, were more likely to discontinue the use of statin. In addition, patients on the CPACS-2 intervention pathway (adjusted OR=0.83; 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.94), patients with medical insurance (0.75; 0.67 to 0.85), history of hypertension (0.83; 0.75 to 0.92), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.70; 0.57 to 0.87) at the baseline, prior statin use (0.73; 0.63 to 0.84), use of atorvastatin (0.78; 0.70 to 0.88) and those who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting during hospitalisation (0.47; 0.43 to 0.53) were less likely to discontinue statin use. The 1-year statin discontinuation rate decreased from 29.5% in 2007–2008 to 17.8% in 2010 (adjusted OR=0.60; 95% CI: 0.51 to 0.70).ConclusionImplementing clinical pathway, enhancing medical insurance coverage, strengthening health education in both physicians and patients, using statin at standard dosage may help improve the adherence to statin use after discharge in Chinese patients with ACS.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12609000491268).