bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The politics of institutional reform: Vulnerability and bureaucratic independence in Southeast Asian agriculture
Authors: Ricks Jacob I. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlthough effective bureaucracies are seen as key for service provision in developing states, we still have limited explanations for their emergence. I argue getting these institutions right is a political, rather than technical, challenge based on a set of theoretical predictions for reform outcomes acknowledging the interaction between a state's political vulnerability and degree of bureaucratic independence. I apply these predictions to a controlled comparison of irrigation sector reforms in three Southeast Asian countries. The results demonstrate that the success of institutional reforms necessary to implement policies is contingent on both the degree of vulnerability experienced as well as the extent to which the bureaucracy can influence the policy‐making process. In states with highly independent bureaucracies, reforms falter or are reversed due to bureaucratic resistance. This highlights the impact of politics in shaping second‐generation reforms and suggest that researchers should pay greater attention to the role bureaucracy plays in forging institutions.
The structural conformation of the tachykinin domain drives the anti‐tumoural activity of an octopus peptide in melanoma BRAFV600E
Authors: Moral‐Sanz Javier , Fernandez‐Rojo Manuel A. , Colmenarejo Gonzalo , Kurdyukov Sergey , Brust Andreas , Ragnarsson Lotten , Andersson Åsa , Vila Sabela F. , Cabezas‐Sainz Pablo , Wilhelm Patrick , Vela‐Sebastián Ana , Fernández‐Carrasco Isabel , Chin Yanni K. Y. , López‐Mancheño Yaiza , Smallwood Taylor B. , Clark Richard J. , Fry Bryan G. , King Glenn F. , Ramm Grant A. , Alewood Paul F. , Lewis Richard J. , Mulvenna Jason P. , Boyle Glen M. , Sanchez Laura E. , Neely G. Gregory , Miles John J. , Ikonomopoulou Maria P. 
Published: July 2022

Background and PurposeOver past decades, targeted therapies and immunotherapy have improved survival and reduced the morbidity of patients with BRAF‐mutated melanoma. However, drug resistance and relapse hinder overall success. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel compounds with therapeutic efficacy against BRAF‐melanoma. This prompted us to investigate the antiproliferative profile of a tachykinin‐peptide from the Octopus kaurna, Octpep‐1 in melanoma.Experimental ApproachWe evaluated the cytotoxicity of Octpep‐1 by MTT assay. Mechanistic insights on viability and cellular damage caused by Octpep‐1 were gained via flow cytometry and bioenergetics. Structural and pharmacological characterization was conducted by molecular modelling, molecular biology, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, high‐throughput mRNA and calcium flux analysis. In vivo efficacy was validated in two independent xerograph animal models (mice and zebrafish).Key ResultsOctpep‐1 selectively reduced the proliferative capacity of human melanoma BRAFV600E‐mutated cells with minimal effects on fibroblasts. In melanoma‐treated cells, Octpep‐1 increased ROS with unaltered mitochondrial membrane potential and promoted non‐mitochondrial and mitochondrial respiration with inefficient ATP coupling. Molecular modelling revealed that the cytotoxicity of Octpep‐1 depends upon the α‐helix and polyproline conformation in the C‐terminal region of the peptide. A truncated form of the C‐terminal end of Octpep‐1 displayed enhanced potency and efficacy against melanoma. Octpep‐1 reduced the progression of tumours in xenograft melanoma mice and zebrafish.Conclusion and ImplicationsWe unravel the intrinsic anti‐tumoural properties of a tachykinin peptide. This peptide mediates the selective cytotoxicity in BRAF‐mutated melanoma in vitro and prevents tumour progression in vivo, providing a foundation for a therapy against melanoma.
Medium‐term protective effects of quality early childhood education during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Ghana
Authors: Wolf Sharon , Aurino Elisabetta , Suntheimer Noelle M. , Avornyo Esinam A. , Tsinigo Edward , Behrman Jere R. , Aber J. Lawrence 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic led to extended school closures globally. Access to remote learning opportunities during this time was vastly unequal within and across countries. Higher‐quality early childhood education (ECE) can improve later academic outcomes, but longer‐term effects during crises are unknown. This study provides the first experimental evidence of how previously attending a higher‐quality ECE program affected child engagement in remote learning and academic scores during pandemic‐related school closures in Ghana. Children (N = 1668; 50.1% male; Mage = 10.1 years; all Ghanaian nationals) who attended higher‐quality ECE at age 4 or 5 years had greater engagement in remote learning (d = .14) in October 2020, but not better language and literacy and math scores. Previous exposure to higher‐quality ECE may support educational engagement during crises.
Sub‐aortic membrane – A three‐dimensional echocardiographic perspective
Authors: Sharkey Aidan , Ovtchinnikov Nikita , Mahmood Feroze , Bose Ruma 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionSubaortic membrane is an uncommon cause of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.DiscussionWhereas traditionally described of as a membrane, it is in fact a discreet circumferential shelf of raised endocardium in the left ventricular outflow tract, causing a fixed outflow obstruction. The circumferential nature of subaortic membranes is poorly appreciated on 2‐dimensional imaging.ConclusionUsing a three‐dimensional imaging and recently available on‐cart rendition techniques of acquired images, we were able to better visualize the true extent of a sub‐aortic membrane while also gaining insight into its origin and structure.
Percutaneous closure of a ruptured right coronary sinus of Valsalva aneurysm that mimics severe aortic regurgitation
Authors: Ramirez‐Rangel P. , Garcia‐Cruz E. , Fritche‐Salazar J.F. , Cornejo‐Guerra J.A. , Torres‐Martel J.M. , Valdes‐Camaño M.A. , Morales‐Guzman A. , Garcia‐Montes J.A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA 34‐year‐old male was admitted with presumed acute, severe aortic regurgitation. Multimodal imaging was performed and showed a ruptured right coronary sinus of Valsalva aneurysm into the right atrium. He underwent a percutaneous closure of the ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm. The patient had major clinical improvement.
Zero leverage puzzle: Do labour laws matter?
Authors: Boustanifar Hamid , Verriest Arnt 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExploiting the staggered passage of labour protection laws in the United States, we find that higher labour adjustment costs increased the likelihood of observing zero leverage firms by 22%. This effect is significantly larger in states with stronger unionization, in industries with higher volatility and concentration, and in firms with higher labour intensity. Both within‐firm changes in debt policies and higher propensity of newer firms to be debt‐free are important in explaining these patterns. Overall, our work contributes to the literature on the relation between financial and labour markets by highlighting the role of labour laws in explaining the zero‐leverage puzzle.
Successful cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation incorporating defibrillation in a filly with neonatal maladjustment syndrome following a routine anaesthetic procedure
Authors: Wiechert‐Brown Sarah A. , Di Concetto Stefano , Hepworth‐Warren Kate L. , Madson Stacie M. , Wong David M. 
Published: July 2022

SummaryA 10‐h‐old 56‐kg Thoroughbred filly was presented for treatment of partial failure of passive transfer of immunity and presumed neonatal maladjustment syndrome (NMS). The filly was hospitalised, and supportive care initiated. On Day 5 of hospitalisation, seizures were observed and were controlled with IV administration of diazepam. Due to progression of clinical signs of NMS, magnetic resonance imaging of the filly's brain was performed. During the early anaesthetic recovery period, the filly exhibited cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) at which point cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) was performed for a total of 48 min. During this time, ventricular fibrillation (VF) was observed on ECG and the filly was defibrillated three times at 1–2‐min intervals using 2–4 J/kg of monophasic electrical defibrillation. The filly successfully recovered from CPCR, was discharged 5 days later and was reported healthy 12 months post‐discharge.
Trajectories of relationship quality and conflict in low‐income parents receiving home visitation services
Authors: Renegar Rebecca G. , Stolz Heidi E. , Baumgardner Megan , Reimnitz Siera J. , McCaig Jessica L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine changes in relationship quality and couple conflict in low‐income parents.BackgroundWhen welcoming a new child, couples often report increased conflict and a decline in relationship quality. However, some scholars maintain couples can transition to parenthood with few negative effects. Low‐income, unmarried, and experienced parents remain understudied.MethodUtilizing data from a broader parent education project, the study employed dyadic latent growth curve analysis to examine changes over time in relationship quality and conflict. Participants were 216 low‐income couples receiving home visitation services who reported on relationship quality and conflict at three time points. Differences between first‐time and multiparous parents and among married, cohabiting, and non‐residential opposite‐sex couples were examined.ResultsTrajectories of relationship quality and conflict were stable over time. Compared to married and cohabiting couples, non‐residential couples reported lower initial relationship quality. When comparing cohabiting and non‐residential couples, couples with higher expectations of marriage had higher initial relationship quality and lower initial conflict.ConclusionSome couples navigate the transition to parenthood without negative relationship effects, especially those with higher initial quality, lower initial conflict, and greater expectations of marriage. Implications Policy and practice supporting relationship stability in low‐income couples should incorporate a strengths‐based approach.
Global human mobility and knowledge transfer: Highly skilled return migrants as agents of transnational learning
Authors: Lam Alice , Rui Huaichuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlobal human mobility constitutes a key mechanism for knowledge transfer. This study examines the micro‐dynamics of knowledge transfer in the developed‐developing country migratory context. It highlights the agentic role of return migrants in transforming overseas learning into relevant knowledge in their home contexts. Drawing on situated and relational theories of knowledge and learning, the study views knowledge transfer as a relevance discovery process. It looks at a group of highly skilled migrants who had returned from developed countries to Ethiopia. Despite their high skill, the focus of knowledge transfer was mostly in non‐technical fields that include a broad range of organizational knowledge and work practices. These were made relevant to the local context through the returnees’ ‘work of reconciliation’, involving ‘engagement’, ‘alignment’ and ‘imagination’. The study challenges the standard assumption of a one‐way linear flow of knowledge from developed to developing countries. It sheds new light on the migration‐development link by highlighting the ‘aspirational’ aspect of migrant transnational learning.
Being busy, feeling poor: The scale development and validation of perceived time poverty
Authors: Zheng Xingshan , Zhang Qi , Li Xinxin , Wu Bingqing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEmployees across the world feel increasingly time‐poor. The advancement of management research on time poverty has, however, been stymied by the lack of a validated measure. We thus aim to develop and validate a measure of perceived time poverty, defined as individuals' perceptions of lacking freely disposable time. We generated the initial items with an inductive approach and examined the content validity of the scale with an item‐sort task. We then recruited four separate samples from different cultures to assess the psychometric properties (i.e., factor structure, reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity) and nomological network of a six‐item, self‐report Perceived Time Poverty Scale (PTPS). The results provide evidence of the psychometric soundness of the newly developed PTPS. We discuss the implications of our scale development and offer suggestions for future research on perceived time poverty.
Factors and remedies for productivity and efficiency among small‐scale informal enterprises: A theoretical perspective
Authors: Takyi Godfred , Okeniyi Johnson O. , Samuel Sunday Eneojo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe growth and sustenance of firms are primarily determined by their productivity and efficiency. However, the productivity analysis has generally been skewed toward formal enterprises in the extant literature. For developing countries that characteristically have a greater share of informal employment, understanding the theoretical foundation of informal productivity and the proposed remedies could be the grounds for further research and deeper thinking for enhanced productivity. The central question of this paper is formulated on how a combined theoretical approach on the characteristics and location of firms could enhance knowledge on the hindering and promoting factors of productivity and efficiency among informal enterprises. Using the PRISMA methodology, 141 theoretical and empirical studies were reviewed, which revealed a central role of local and national governments in providing enabling infrastructure for the informal economy. It was found that factors like knowledge sharing, capitalisation, improved credit sector, geographical concentration, and decongestion of industrial clusters could promote productivity among informal producers. It, therefore, falls on various stakeholders to plan and execute policies on infrastructure, land‐use policies, tax, and credit that simultaneously lessen the inherent constraints of informality, while enhancing enablers of production.
Responsibility's Double Binds: The Reactive Attitudes in Conditions of Oppression
Authors: Ciurria Mich 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTHistorically, philosophers have tended to see moral responsibility as a matter of having a certain metaphysical status. Strawson shifted the debate by defining responsibility as part of an interpersonal practice, but he did not discuss the relationship between interpersonal relationships and the politics of oppression. His view, in other words, was an example of ideal theory. This article adopts a non‐ideal theoretic framework to explore how ordinary responsibility practices uphold intersecting logics of oppression. It argues that the reactive attitudes function to police double binds, creating situations of oppression for marginalized groups.
More time awake after sleep onset is linked to reduced ventral striatum response to rewards in youth with anxiety
Authors: Sollenberger Nathan A. , Sequeira Stefanie , Forbes Erika E. , Siegle Greg J. , Silk Jennifer S. , Ladouceur Cecile D. , Ryan Neal D. , Dahl Ronald E. , Mattfeld Aaron T. , McMakin Dana L. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundPoor sleep and anxiety disorders are highly comorbid in youth, and each predicts altered ventral striatum (VS) response to rewards, which may impact mental health risk. Contrasting evidence suggests previously reported negative associations between sleep health and VS response may be stronger or weaker in youth with anxiety, indicating sensitivity to win/loss information or blunted reward processing, respectively. We cross‐sectionally examined the role of sleep in VS response to rewards among youth with anxiety versus a no‐psychiatric‐diagnosis comparison (ND) group. We expected a group*sleep interaction on VS response to rewards but did not hypothesize directionality.MethodsAs part of the pretreatment battery for a randomized clinical trial, 74 youth with anxiety and 31 ND youth (ages 9–14 years; n = 55 female) completed a monetary reward task during fMRI. During the same pretreatment window, actigraphy and diary‐estimated sleep were collected over 5 days, and participants and their parents each reported participants' total sleep problems. We examined group*sleep interactions on VS response to monetary rewards versus losses via three mixed linear models corresponding to actigraphy, diary, and questionnaires, respectively.ResultsEach model indicated group*sleep interactions on VS response to rewards. Actigraphy and diary‐estimated time awake after sleep onset predicted reduced VS response in youth with anxiety but not ND youth. Parent‐reported sleep problems similarly interacted with group, but simple slopes were nonsignificant.ConclusionsWake after sleep onset was associated with blunted reward response in youth with anxiety. These data suggest a potential pathway through which sleep could contribute to perturbed reward function and reward‐related psychopathology (e.g., depression) in youth with anxiety.
Spherical frame projections for visualising joint range of motion, and a complementary method to capture mobility data
Authors: Herbst Eva C. , Eberhard Enrico A. , Hutchinson John R. , Richards Christopher T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractQuantifying joint range of motion (RoM), the reachable poses at a joint, has many applications in research and clinical care. Joint RoM measurements can be used to investigate the link between form and function in extant and extinct animals, to diagnose musculoskeletal disorders and injuries or monitor rehabilitation progress. However, it is difficult to visually demonstrate how the rotations of the joint axes interact to produce joint positions. Here, we introduce the spherical frame projection (SFP), which is a novel 3D visualisation technique, paired with a complementary data collection approach. SFP visualisations are intuitive to interpret in relation to the joint anatomy because they ‘trace’ the motion of the coordinate system of the distal bone at a joint relative to the proximal bone. Furthermore, SFP visualisations incorporate the interactions of degrees of freedom, which is imperative to capture the full joint RoM. For the collection of such joint RoM data, we designed a rig using conventional motion capture systems, including live audio‐visual feedback on torques and sampled poses. Thus, we propose that our visualisation and data collection approach can be adapted for wide use in the study of joint function.
Histatin‐1 alleviates high‐glucose injury to skin keratinocytes through MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Pan Li , Zhang Xuanfen , Gao Qiong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundDamage to keratinocytes and other skin cells in a high‐glucose environment has been proven to be an important reason for the poor wound healing ability of chronic diabetes mellitus. Histatin‐1 has been preliminarily proven to stimulate the wound healing process of the oral and non‐oral mucosa and has been found to be related to the activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK).Aim of the StudyThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of histatin‐1 on high‐glucose‐injured keratinocytes and the role of the Ras–Raf–MEK–ERK signaling pathway on the effect of histatin‐1 to improve diabetic wound healing.MethodsA human keratinocyte model damaged by high glucose was constructed, cell proliferation was detected by the Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression level of 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) was detected by ELISA, and the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway protein expression level was detected by Western blot. C‐fos mRNA expression was detected by real‐time PCR.ResultsThe results indicated that histatin‐1 promoted proliferation and reduced the rate of apoptosis and 8‐OHdG content in keratinocytes with high‐glucose injury. In addition, histatin‐1 down‐regulated MEK phosphorylation in keratinocytes with high‐glucose injury. However, with the extension of the intervention, the effect of histatin‐1 on c‐fos mRNA expression was different. At the early stage of high‐glucose injury (12 h), the expression of c‐fos mRNA was not increased in high‐glucose‐injured keratinocytes treated with histatin‐1 but then c‐fos mRNA expression was gradually upregulated.ConclusionHistatin‐1 could alleviate keratinocyte injury caused by high glucose levels and promoted wound healing in vitro. In addition, histatin‐1 could exert anti‐apoptotic and antioxidant damage effects under high‐glucose injury states. These effects of histatin‐1 may be related to its regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Therefore, these findings provide an essential theoretical basis for histatin‐1 to become a safe and effective new peptide biological agent to promote wound healing in patients with diabetes.
Multidimensional discrimination distress, controlling parenting, and parent–adolescent attachment relationships: Racial/ethnic differences
Authors: Kazmierski Kelly F. M. , Borelli Jessica L. , Rao Uma 
Published: July 2022

AbstractParents have multifaceted identities, across dimensions like race/ethnicity, gender, and class, which shape their experience of discrimination. However, little is known about how distress from such multidimensional discrimination influences parenting behavior and parent–adolescent relationships. We tested associations between mothers’ multidimensional discrimination distress and parental control (overcontrol and conditional regard) and daughters’ attachment, among 82 African American (AA), Hispanic/Latina (HL), and non‐Hispanic White (NHW) mother–adolescent daughter dyads in the United States. Additionally, we examined whether these associations vary by race/ethnicity. Mothers reported their distress due to multidimensional discrimination and adolescents reported mothers’ overcontrol, mothers’ conditional regard, and adolescents’ attachment to mothers. Across racial/ethnic groups, more multidimensional discrimination distress was associated with more maternal overcontrol. Additionally, racial/ethnic groups differed in associations between discrimination, maternal conditional regard, and adolescent attachment, such that AA mothers were buffered from the deleterious effects of discrimination on conditional regard and adolescent attachment. HL mothers were buffered from effects on adolescent attachment and conditional regard for anger expression, but not fear expression. Findings suggest that stigmatized racial/ethnic groups may rely on adaptive cultural practices to parent effectively in the face of multidimensional discrimination distress, but these resources may not be available to NHW mothers.