bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Decade of Global Skull Base Researchers: Gender Data from over 2,700 Abstract Authors in the Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base
Authors: Behmer Hansen Rosemary T. , Behmer Hansen Ryan A. , Gold Justin L. , Blocher III William A. , Palma Samantha D. , Susman Stephen J. , Batchu Sai , Silva Nicole A. , Richardson Angela M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective The North American Skull Base Society (NASBS) annual conference brings together skull base researchers from surgical and nonsurgical fields. Our objective was to quantify the contributions of the authors by gender, who presented their work at NASBS and were subsequently published in the Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base.
Methods Oral and poster abstracts presented at the NASBS annual meeting from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2020 were extracted from the Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base. The genderize.io Web application programming interface was utilized to determine authorship gender. A minority of first and last authors had departmental affiliations listed; a subgroup analysis was performed of these authors.
Results Female gender was assigned to 498 (17.8%) of the 2,798 first authors and 269 (9.7%) of the 2,762 last authors. Female authorship has consistently increased over the last decade. Representation was higher in otolaryngology (23.3% of first authors, 12.1% of last authors; p = 0.018) than neurosurgery (13.5% of first authors, 4.3% of last authors; p = 0.004). Female researchers were not less likely than their male counterparts to receive prestigious oral presentations. Of the 52 total countries represented, 20 (38.5%) had at least one female first author. Representation varied dramatically between countries.
Conclusion The NASBS' efforts have undoubtedly contributed to these impressive strides toward gender parity. More work is needed to ensure that the best and the brightest, regardless of background, continue to contribute to skull base surgery research.
Maturity Level of Digital Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Initiatives in Jordan and Palestine
Authors: Alyahya Mohammad S. , Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M. E. , Khader Yousef S. , Nemer Maysaa , Al-Sheyab Nihaya A. , Corbion Alexandrine Pirlot de , Cabrera Laura Lazaro , Sahay Sundeep 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground While there is a rapid increase in digital health initiatives focusing on the processing of personal data for strengthening the delivery of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) services in fragile settings, these are often unaccompanied at both the policy and operational levels with adequate legal and regulatory frameworks.Objective The main aim was to understand the maturity level of digital personal data initiatives for RMNCH services within fragile contexts. This aim was performed by choosing digital health initiatives from each country (two in Jordan and three in Palestine) based on RMNCH.Methods A qualitative study design was adopted. We developed a digital maturity assessment tool assessing two maturity levels: the information and communications technology digital infrastructure, and data governance and interoperability in place for the five selected RMNCH initiatives in Jordan and Palestine.Results Overall, the digital infrastructure and technological readiness components are more advanced and show higher maturity levels compared with data governance and interoperability components in Jordan and Palestine. In Jordan, the overall Jordan stillbirths and neonatal deaths surveillance initiative maturity indicators are somehow less advanced than those of the Electronic Maternal and Child Health Handbook-Jordan (EMCH-J) application. In Palestine, the Electronic Maternal and Child Health-registry initiative maturity indicators are more advanced than both Avicenna and EMCH-Palestine initiatives.Conclusion The findings highlighted several challenges and opportunities around the application and implementation of selected digital health initiatives in the provision of RMNCH in Jordan and Palestine. Our findings shed lights on the maturity level of these initiatives within fragile contexts. The maturity level of the five RMNCH initiatives in both countries is inadequate and requires further advancement before they can be scaled up and scaled out. Taking the World Health Organization recommendations into account when developing, implementing, and scaling digital health initiatives in low- and middle-income countries can result in successful and sustainable initiatives, thus meeting health needs and improving the quality of health care received by individuals especially those living in fragile contexts.
Do Google Trends Correlate with the Number of Facial Plastic Surgery Procedures Performed in the United States?
Authors: McGuigan Kelly C. , Trinh Lily Nguyen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction Cosmetic facial surgical procedures have become increasingly popular. Previous studies have shown an association between Internet searches for and volume of these procedures being performed. There is a paucity of data on the correlation between Google Trends search volumes and actual number of facial plastic surgery procedures performed.
Methods Google Trends, a tool that collects and analyzes the results from Google, was used to identify the average search volumes of popular facial plastic surgery procedures between 2004 and 2020. The identified search terms were correlated with the actual number of facial plastic surgery procedures done as reported by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. A Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was completed to determine correlation between the two variables.
Results There were very weak to moderate correlations between relative search volume (RSV), the ratio of a query's search volume to the sum of the total search volume over a given time period, of procedures with the number of procedures performed in the same or following year. Of the six terms (blepharoplasty, cheek implant, neck lift, mentoplasty, rhinoplasty, rhytidectomy) evaluated, correlation of RSV and number of procedures completed in the same year and the following year showed very weak to moderate correlations. The associated searches for the terms were related to specifics of a procedure including cost, before and after photos, different terms for a given procedure, or other related procedures.
Conclusion This study showed that RSV for common cosmetic plastic surgery procedures did not significantly correlate with the number of procedures performed annually in the United States. More research is needed to further understand the use of Google Trends in gauging patient interest in a procedure and understanding what patients seek to learn about a procedure.
Solving Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations in f(T) gravity: a novel approach
Authors: Fortes H G M , Araujo J C N 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The torsion models have stood out among the proposals for an alternative description of gravity. The simplest of them, the Teleparallel theory, is equivalent to general relativity and there are many studies dealing with its extension to more general functions of the torsion T. The purpose of our study is to consider a family of f(T) models and apply their corresponding Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations to compact objects such as neutron stars.Thus, through a numerical analysis, calculate, among other things, the maximum mass allowed by the model for a neutron star, which also allows us to evaluate which models agree with the observations. In the present paper, the first in the series, we show explicitly the set of equations that must be solved, and how to solve it, in order to model compact stars in f(T) gravity without the need to adopt any particular form for the metric functions or consider any perturbative approach, as has been done in some works in the literature. Examples are given of how our approach works, modelling polytropic stars. We also show that some numerical instabilities reported in a previous study by other authors do not appear in our novel approach. This is an important advance, since it is possible to answer an issue not responded in a previous study, because numerical instabilities prevented proceeding with the calculations. Last but not least, we explicitly show the torsion behaviour inside and outside the star. This is an important question, because with this study we can understand the role of torsion in the structure of the star.
Contrastive uncertainty based biomarkers detection in retinal optical coherence tomography images
Authors: Liu Xiaoming , Zhou Kejie , Yao Junping , Wang Man , Zhang Ying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective. Retinal biomarker in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images plays a key guiding role in the follow-up diagnosis and clinical treatment of eye diseases. Although there have been many deep learning methods to automatically process retinal biomarker, the detection of retinal biomarkers is still a great challenge due to the similar characteristics to normal tissue, large changes in size and shape and fuzzy boundary of different types of biomarkers. To overcome these challenges, a novel contrastive uncertainty network (CUNet) is proposed for retinal biomarkers detection in OCT images. Approach. In CUNet, proposal contrastive learning is designed to enhance the feature representation of retinal biomarkers, aiming at boosting the discrimination ability of network between different types of retinal biomarkers. Furthermore, we proposed bounding box uncertainty and combined it with the traditional bounding box regression, thereby improving the sensitivity of the network to the fuzzy boundaries of retinal biomarkers, and to obtain a better localization result. Main results. Comprehensive experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed CUNet. The experimental results on two datasets show that our proposed method achieves good detection performance compared with other detection methods. Significance. We propose a method for retinal biomarker detection trained by bounding box labels. The proposal contrastive learning and bounding box uncertainty are used to improve the detection of retinal biomarkers. The method is designed to help reduce the amount of work doctors have to do to detect retinal diseases.
Investigation of 3D Dirac semimetal supported terahertz dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguides
Authors: Liang Yubo , Wang Guangqing , Cheng Yan , Cao Duo , Yang Dejun , He Xiaoyong , Lin Fangting , Liu Feng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The tunable propagation properties of 3D Dirac semimetal (DSM)-supported dielectric-loaded surface plasmons structures have been investigated in the THz regime, including the influences of the Fermi level of 3D DSM layer, the fiber shape and operation frequencies. The results indicate that the shape of dielectric fiber affects the hybrid mode significantly, on the condition that if a

x
(the semi-minor axis length of the dielectric semi-ellipse) is relatively small, the fiber shows good mode confinement and low loss simultaneously, and the figure of merit reaches more than 200. The propagation property can be manipulated in a wide range by changing the Fermi level of 3D DSM, e.g. if the Fermi level varies in the range of 0.05 eV–0.15 eV, the propagation length changes in the range of 9.073 × 103–2.715 × 104
μm, and the corresponding modulation depth is 66.5%. These results are very helpful to understand the tunable mechanisms of the 3D DSM plasmonic devices, such as switchers, modulators, and sensors.
Colossal negative magnetoresistance from hopping in insulating ferromagnetic semiconductors
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Riney Logan , Guerra Josue , Powers William , Wang Jiashu , Furdyna Jacek K. , Assaf Badih A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ferromagnetic semiconductor Ga1–x
Mn
x
As1–y
P
y
thin films go through a metal–insulator transition at low temperature where electrical conduction becomes driven by hopping of charge carriers. In this regime, we report a colossal negative magnetoresistance (CNMR) coexisting with a saturated magnetic moment, unlike in the traditional magnetic semiconductor Ga1–

x
Mn
x
As. By analyzing the temperature dependence of the resistivity at fixed magnetic field, we demonstrate that the CNMR can be consistently described by the field dependence of the localization length, which relates to a field dependent mobility edge. This dependence is likely due to the random environment of Mn atoms in Ga1–x
Mn
x
As1–y
P
y
which causes a random spatial distribution of the mobility that is suppressed by an increasing magnetic field.
Fault Detection and Diagnosis of Gear Train Based on Motor Current Signature Analysis
Authors: Diao Junjie , Tian Yuan , Zhang Yuelong , Huang Shisheng , Xin Yijun , Guo Yulong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Gear fault diagnosis generally uses oscillation signals to extract fault features, but the oscillation identify technique is inconvenient to set up sensors and is easily affected by the surrounding and noise. The motor itself has the property of a sensor, and signals such as motor current is able to reflect the change of the load torque. This paper proposes a gear fault detection approach, which applies the Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) to exploit spectral characteristics to recognize malfunction in servo motor drive gears. First, we calculate the nominal revolutions per minute (rpm) to explore frequencies of interest. Second, frequency bands where faulty signals would be appear are constructed. Next, we extract power spectral density (PSD) feature data. Finally, the paper computes spectral metrics for the frequency band of interest. By using two spectral metrics, gear health and failure data are clearly grouped in different areas of the scatter chart. The experimental results give evidence of the effectiveness of analyzing current characteristics of servo motors to classify fault and health data.
Optimization Design of Propeller for Ultra-high-altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Yao Yuan , Ma Dongli , zhang Liang , Yang Xiaopeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ultra-high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle raises a high demand for the efficiency of propeller at low Reynolds numbers. An optimization method for low Reynolds number propeller is established by iterative optimizations of the sectional airfoils and the chord, pitch distributions in this paper. Different from the traditional method, each sectional airfoil is continuously optimized under the specific Reynolds number and lift coefficient which are updated with the iteration in the proposed method. Adopting this method, the propeller for an ultra-high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle is optimized. And the result shows that the optimized propeller can achieve 3.6% higher efficiency than the propeller designed by the traditional Betz method at the cruising condition (Re≈4.0×104).
Comprehensive Risk Assessment of Satellite on-Orbit Operation
Authors: Feng Ru , Zheng Heng , Zhou Bo , Xie Zongsheng , Hu Xuemei , Shang Xia , Chen Lei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the lack of research on quantitative evaluation of satellite on-orbit operation risk, this paper from two aspects: the special features and general quality characteristics analysis and identify factors that influence the satellite provide services, and on the basis build satellite on-orbit operation risk comprehensive evaluation index system. By combining analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and satellite availability evaluation model, this paper complete the research on comprehensive evaluation of satellite on-orbit operation risk. The results of the case show that the satellite is in good operating condition and capable of providing services normally. Thus, this method can realize the comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the actual operational risks of satellites on-orbit, find out the weak points of risks according to the evaluation results, and provide effective support for the operational health management of satellites on-orbit.
Study on bottom thermal environment of launch vehicle during high altitude flight
Authors: Zhao Chen-geng , Sun Zhong-yi , Su Yi-fei , Wang Yi-chen , Le Gui-gao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the problem of the thermal environment at the bottom of the launch vehicle in the high-altitude flight stage, taking the launch vehicle with core stage four-way machine as the model, the coupled convection / radiation heat transfer problem at the high-altitude of the launch vehicle is deeply studied through the numerical simulation method, the gas jet flow model of the launch vehicle in the high-altitude flight stage is established, and the flow field information of the rocket under different working conditions and the heat flow at the bottom of the rocket are obtained. The numerical results are compared with the experimental data to verify the effectiveness of the selected model and calculation method. The research shows that the external flow field of the rocket body will have a great impact on the thermal environment at the bottom. With the continuous increase of flight altitude, the convective heat flow at the bottom of the rocket body first rises and then decreases. In the high-altitude stage, the total heat flow at the bottom of the rocket body is dominated by radiant heat flow, the convective heat flow outside the main nozzle is dominant, and the radiant heat flow outside the traveling jet nozzle is dominant.
Acceleration and performance analysis of a compressible Euler solver with CUDA
Authors: Chen Yuqiao , Liang Jianhan , Ding Meng , Zhang Lin , Guan Qingdi , Wang Xinxin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To develop high performance computing methods for compressible flow calculation, a GPU-accelerated compressible flow solver is developed with Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). The WENO5 scheme is adopted for spatial discretization, and the third-order Runge-Kutta scheme is used for time discretization. According to the algorithm and programming model, the heterogeneous computing method of the solver is designed. Different kernels are designed to implement different computing functions, and shared memory is used for time-advanced computations. The solver is verified by the one-dimensional shock tube case, and a good acceleration effect is obtained with the increase of the grid size. And the impact of execution configuration on kernel performance was investigated. When the block size is reduced under different grid sizes, the speedup changes in the same way, but the performance parameters change differently.
Aerodynamic Analysis of Large Aspect Ratio Parafoil
Authors: Li Chongxian , Li Xinfeng , Zhong Hongen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Large aspect ratio parafoils are more attractive compared with moderate ones less than 3.5, since they either improves load-carrying capacity with the same aero-dynamical area or decreases taxing speed with the same load. Based on its original airfoil, one open-source elliptical parafoil with 4.7 AR is modified while scaling the canopy geometric parameters, then CFD simulations, solving the incompressible Reynolds time-averaged Navier-Stokes equation with the (SST) K-ω turbulence model in the finite volume method, are adopted to analyze its aerodynamics in forward taxing mode as well as steering mode with lateral wind. With the numerical simulation results of this canopy, lift and drag are analyzed according to their attack angle profiles for taxing. The steering mode with the deflection of one-side flap increases the drag coefficient significantly, even it raises its lift simultaneously, reduces the lift-drag ratio, and generate rolling and yaw moments; The rolling moment due to lateral wind during steering mode has two phases of rising linked by a short straight line when sideslip angle increases, while yaw moment increases to a peak value then reduces, finally followed by a relatively stable trend. Compared with the above two moments, the pitching moment changes moderately with the increase of the sideslip angle, although it has an overall decreasing trend; The simulation of the modified canopy provides a calculation basis for its following manufacture and dynamical modelling.
Numerical Study on the Water Takeoff Performance of Unmanned Seaplane
Authors: Wu Chengyi , Wang Yichong , Wang Aihua , Chen Hang , Zhang Fei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The research on the water takeoff performance of unmanned seaplane is of great significance to its overall optimization design and taxiing stability control system. This paper proposes a new numerical method for solving the water takeoff performance of unmanned seaplane. The aerodynamics and hydrodynamics are solved separately by decoupling solution principle. The influence of aerodynamic force and moment, engine thrust and moment on hydrodynamic force and taxiing attitude is considered synthetically by the vertical approximate balance hypothesis and instantaneous pitch balance hypothesis. The discrete velocity piecewise solution is used to solve the takeoff process. The results show that the taxi resistance peak appeared in the range of 0.3~0.35 times of takeoff velocity, and the greater is the trim angle, the smaller are the hydrodynamic resistance and hydrodynamic moment when the unmanned seaplane taxiing at medium or high speed. What's more, compared with the fixed trim angle hypothesis, the combined trim angle method is more consistent with the actual takeoff process.
Research on drag reduction characteristics of the surface of springtail cuticle
Authors: Fu Benshuai , Xiao Haiyan , Lu Bingju , Qin Liping , Zhu Zhu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The technology of underwater drag reduction is one of critical paths to break through the problem of ocean-going, and the bionic drag reduction is a very promising method. The bionic drag reduction uses sliding effect on the liquid-gas interface to reduce the drag, while the gas film is very unstable and the drag reduction function is easy to fail. The concave corner microstructure of springtail cuticle can make the air retention, which has very important significance to solve the problem of instability of gas film. In the paper, a model is established by referring to the concave corner microstructures of springtail cuticle. The k-ε turbulence model and volume of fluid multiphase flow model were used. The results show: the simulation model can be used to calculate the flow characteristics of the concave corner microstructure of springtail cuticle; as the area ratio of free shear increases, so does the drag reduction rate, which is beneficial for drag reduction; the drag reduction rate of different microstructure is slightly different, but it is mainly related to the area ratio of free shear of microstructure.
The Principle and State-of-Art Approach for Black Hole Detection
Authors: Guan Lingyan , Tang Xianzhe , Tian Jialing , Wu Jiayi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Black hole is a kind of special celestial subject whose density is so great that even the light cannot escape, which has always been a popular topic. This study will present the recent progress of observation related to three quantities of black holes. As a leading-in, we first introduced some of the most commonly discussed black holes by demonstrating their field equations, metric, and some other representative quantities. On this basis, the formation process of a black hole will be described. In addition, a picture of the detectors used in cosmology observation is discussed before getting any further into the methods applied in observation. Subsequently, we summarized observations regarding the three elements of a black hole (mass, charge and spin). For these three different characters of black hole, different methods and theories were put into use, including gravitational retro-lensing, twin-peak QPOs, accretion disks, continuum fitting method, and black body radiation. Eventually, possible limitations are evaluated and possible improving approaches on current observations are proposed. Overall, these results shed light on guiding further researches focusing on exploring the black holes.