bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planning the Production Lifecycle of a Newly Developed Gas Field in a Remote Desert
Authors: Hochanadel Steven , Setiadi Bagus Wahyu , Valbuena Jose , Mahfouz Mahannad , AlNasser Fatimah Hashim 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to present an analysis and methodology to forecast individual well production in a new, developing channel sand gas reservoir complex. The paper predicts when liquid loading may occur, specifies a strategy for changing production tubing sizes, and selects the types of artificial lift that may be required in the future.
The approach of this paper is to forecast production rates using a combination of decline curves and vertical lift performance (VLP) curves. Liquid loading is projected to occur when the gas production rate of a well reaches the Turner critical flow rate in the existing production tubing size and expected wellhead pressure. Artificial lift methods are identified using an artificial lift type screening matrix based on the production parameters after liquid loading occurs. Artificial lift methods are also examined for a scenario of increased water production if water encroachment occurs in a well.
Not all wells decline at the same rate due to the nature of the sand channels. Some wells will reach a critical rate faster than others. Once a critical rate is reached in a well, the first step to maintain the flow will be to install smaller internal diameter production tubing. As production continues to decline, liquid loading will occur again in the smaller tubulars. At this point, artificial lift will be necessary to extend well life to the economic limit. The primary focus then becomes gas well deliquification using plunger lift or foam lift. For the water encroachment scenario, plunger lift or foam lift will not suffice; instead, the artificial lift methods of rod pump, gas lift, or hydraulic jet pump apply. However, a feasibility assessment will need to be made to determine whether the lift methods are economic.
This paper presents a methodology to plan for the production lifecycle of a gas field from the outset. It provides some insight on when to plan for procurement and installation of smaller internal diameter tubulars in a remote desert area where workover rigs are not present. Further, the methodology allows some assurance that artificial lift methods will be ready to implement when needed to maximize recovery.
Improving Run Life of Coiled-Tubing-Deployed ESP in Harsh Environment for Qatar's Al Karkara Field
Authors: C. Palliparambil Rashid , Caridad Jose , G. Dector Eduardo , Khade Sudhakar , Atiencia Neymar , Amr Gewily Ahmed , Al-Owairi Salem , Marcu Daniel , A Al-Yafei Ahmed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Alternative deployed ESP Systems are strings that are deployed in the well on other than conventional tubulars. Coiled Tubing (CT) deployed Electric Submersible Pumps is one of the most common configurations and has been used successfully in Al Karkara field to reduce intervention cost. As part of a closed loop product improvement workflow, utilizing data from dismantle, inspection and failure analysis of equipment, design improvement were suggested and implemented to address root causes and maximize life in Al Karkara.
As part of this work, the main challenges of the application as well as weaknesses identified on the different sections of the string are explained in detail. Moreover, the design and specification changes incorporated because of said observations are also covered, including improvements on the power cable, lower connector, multisensor, motor, bottom intake, and base protectors, among others. Through implementation of downhole equipment ESP upgrade and enhancing the operating philosophy, this improved the run life of Al Karkara field by more than 300%.
With the industry shifting into a drastic reduction of total cost of ownership (TCO) approach and with the volatility of oil price, the rigless ESP deployment through coil tubing will help to eliminate the cost of a work over rig while reducing the deferred oil production. This paper showcases the ESP capabilities in this corrosive and high temperature environment.
Backpressure Reduction on Beam Pumping Wells by Flowline Gas Purging
Authors: Gluscevic Andreja Ante 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Tatweer Petroleum has faced challenges in production caused by high backpressure against beam pump wells that are producing from low pressure and weak inflow reservoirs in the Bahrain Field. To overcome these challenges, different projects have been conducted, depending on the main source of backpressure. Therefore, this paper will describe the significant positive impact on production and pump efficiency by handling backpressure issues on wells and/or group of wells with long oil flow-lines.
Beam pumping is a method of oil production that has been used for more than 100 years in a vast variety of oil fields due to its simple operations. Its usage increases in pressure-depleted reservoirs due to the pumps’ ability to maximize drawdown; hence production. Nevertheless, even after 100 years, production engineering challenges persist in dealing with issues such as backpressure. Complexity is also added when operating beam pumps in low reservoir-pressure, or highly-fractured and tight carbonate reservoirs. It was identified that in long flow lines subsequent gas and liquid slugs are formed due to slow flow, low pressure and gravitational segregation. The slug formation is enhanced with variable elevation of different flow-line sections. In order to move slugs through the flow lines, more energy is required, thus line pressure increases. Movement of fluids according to the project is enabled by high pressure gas injected in the line on cyclic basis in very short time. This way wells are not under high pressure during injection and on the other hand flow line is purged and all slugs are removed so most of the time backpressure is low.
The main objective of the project was achieved by adding gas injection at the satellite manifold, consisting of multiple wells. This can also be achieved by adding well producing with intermittent gas lift, stop-cock or plunger lift. Introducing high-pressure gas intermittently, downstream the wellhead or remote satellite manifold would purge all the slugs and instantly drop the line pressure to the minimum. Implementing this project oil production was increased twice and made more stable.
Regarding wells equipped with Beam Pumps, seldom was challenged problem with backpressure of the facilities or flow assurance, assuming by default that pump would overcome any of possible issues. This paper discusses and proposes solution of overcoming backpressure from facilities as a key factor to produce optimally.
A Lesson Learned from Slickline Deployed ESP System Field Trials in H2S Well Environment
Authors: Al-Shunaiber Fahad , Al-Dossary Ibrahim , Windiarto Yhossie , Al-Saif Abdolrahman 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESP) are one of the most utilized artificial lift methods in the oil industry. A faster ESP replacement methodology is the ultimate solution to reduce the deferred oil production and reduce cost. This paper focuses on the lessons learned from the previous field trials of slickline deployed ESP systems, including the deployment procedure, benefits, installation challenges, reliability, and recommendations for future installations.
Two different deployment concepts of slickline deployed ESP system were trial tested in mild and high H2S well environments. These systems employ a downhole wet-mate connector as a power delivery point connecting the permanent and retrievable completions to power the ESP motor. The trial test successful criteria are dictated by the proven concept of rigless ESP replacement and system reliability. Multiple elective ESP retrievals and reinstallations were performed using a slickline unit after operating for several months. The main objective was to evaluate the downhole electrical system reliability under actual production conditions.
The new slickline deployed ESP concept minimized locked-in oil potential through safe and swift ESP replacement in a live well, enabling SIMOPS, and eliminating downtime time associated with the rig mobilization and flowline remanifolding. The design and reliability improvement on the electrical and mechanical systems of both concepts are essential to prolong the system's run-life in an H2S well environment. Moreover, the downhole completion strategy and metal-to-metal seal in the electrical system are believed to be key success factors to prolong the system run-life.
A New Model for Optimized Gas Allocation in Gas Lift Operation Using Metaheuristic Algorithms
Authors: Merzoug Ahmed , Chemmakh Abderraouf , Ouadi Habib , Laalam Aimen , Djezzar Sofiane , Boualam Aldjia , Mouedden Nadia , Rasouli Vamegh , Ibrahim Ezdeen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Gas lift is one of the most commonly used artificial lift method in oil-producing wells. However, the technique requires constant optimization of gas allocation to maximize profit. The Gas Lift Performance Curves (GLPC) are the main design element that is used for optimized injection. Several authors have proposed models to fit the GLPC. These curves are generated by modeling wells in a multiphase steady-state simulator. Once the model is built, a sensitivity analysis is run, and the curves are generated. In this work, The common workflow to generate GLPC was followed. Then, a new correlation for GLPC was suggested. The correlation outperforms all the models in the literature in terms of R-score and root mean square error. The correlation was then used to formulate a case study for four wells located in North Africa. First, the wells and PVT models were used to create a simulation. Once the simulation was calibrated, a sensitivity analysis of the gas lift injection rate was run. The new correlation was used to fit the GLPC. The optimization problem was mathematically formulated, and stochastic optimization techniques were used, noting Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) Algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) to obtain the global optimum of the distribution of a limited gas lift quantity. Both algorithms’ results were compared. GWO slightly outperformed GA. The advantages of GWO over GA were discussed, and the optimum gas allocation was obtained.
An Investigation of Weaning from Ventilator Criteria in Iran: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vafaee Kamran , Fallahi Masoud , Chale Maryam Chale , Hemmati Mahvan , Darvishi Niloufar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Long-term mechanical ventilation can adversely affect patients and the healthcare system. Ventilator-dependent patients need specialized care, frequent monitoring, and long-term hospitalization in ICUs, increasing patient costs and intensive care units' occupation. 40% of the total time when the patient is connected to the mechanical ventilation device is devoted to the weaning process of these patients from the mechanical ventilation device. Therefore, it is necessary to separate the patient undergoing mechanical ventilation as soon as possible. Consequently, we conducted a systematic review study to investigate the best methods of weaning intensive care unit patients from the ventilator in Iran.
Method: In this systematic review, studies relevant to the latest methods according to PRISMA 2020 of weaning the patient from the ventilator in Iran, after transferring the studies to EndNote software and removing duplicate studies, were examined by two researchers separately. In case of disagreements, a third collaborator reassessed the study and made the final decision. The evaluation of the studies was done during the primary, secondary, qualitative evaluation, and data extraction stages.
Results: In the primary search in the researchers' chosen databases, we identified 1103 possible related articles and transferred them to EndNote software used for data management. We excluded 235 duplicate articles from our survey. In the screening stage, 457 articles were excluded from the remaining 868 studies by reading the article's title and its abstract according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the stage of evaluating the eligibility, from 411 studies, researchers excluded 402 articles by researchers through reading the full text of articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria due to their irrelevance. Based on STROBE and CONSORT checklists, the qualitative evaluation stage excluded no article from the remaining 9 studies due to poor methodological quality. Finally, nine studies were included in the final analysis.
Conclusion: Identifying and adopting strategies to promote successful mechanical ventilation weaning is a priority for research and quality improvement. This study has reviewed the evidence related to various methods designed to promote the success of weaning from the ventilator in Iran. However, it seems that more studies are needed to discover the effectiveness of ventilator-weaning strategies.
Mitigation of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution using jute charcoal iron composite (JC-FeCs): Response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: kumari binu , Tiwary Rajani kant , yadav Mahendra 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study potential adsorbent jute charcoal iron composite (JC-FeCs) was synthesized via co precipitation of iron composite on jute charcoal and utilized it for Cr (VI) removal from water. The surface morphology of composite were performed with advance techniques such as BET, FESEM, EDX, FTIR, XPS, AFM and HR-TEM to analyzed the surface functional groups and elements on the prepared composite. The influence of pH, JC-FeCs dose, time, and concentration on % removal of Cr (VI) were examined. Noteworthy, the JC-FeCs reveals excellent removal capacity of Cr (VI) (Qmax 92.33 mg/g) at 303K which is much better than those adsorbent reported in the literature. XPS analysis of adsorbent shows the existence of both Cr (VI) and Cr (III) peaks on JC-FeCs surface, which implied that Cr (VI) adsorption occurs on composite. Herein Cr (VI) was first adsorbed on JC-FeCs via electrostatic force of attraction, later it was partially reduced to Cr (III). Non-linear isotherm study suggests monolayer adsorption occurs on homogenous surface of JC-FeCs adsorbent due to greater value of R2 than other isotherm. Kinetic studies suggest that adsorption followed pseudo second order model with greater R2 value. Thermodynamic study indicate endothermic, spontaneous and physisorption adsorption process. The predicted result of Cr (VI) removal obtains from RSM model and the observed % removal were found close to each other indicate that quadratic model best explain the adsorption process. Desorption study shows the good regeneration ability of adsorbent in alkaline medium. Thus, this bio-composite could work as an effective adsorbent for mitigation of Cr (VI) from water in environmental pollution cleanup.
Umbilical Cord Blood CK-MB, Troponin T, ProBNP, IMA Levels, and Fetal Cardiac Function in Cases of IUGR
Authors: TURGUT Ezgi , Özdemir Halis , Narlı Belkıs , Yılmaz Canan , BAYRAM Merih , KARÇAALTINCABA Deniz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate umbilical cord blood creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), Troponin T (TnT-hs), pro-brain natriuretic peptide (proBNP), ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels and fetal cardiac function in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).
Methods: The study included 39 pregnant women with IUGR and 42 healthy pregnant women in control group. IUGR was diagnosed when estimated fetal weight was <10 percentile. Fetal cardiac function was evaluated by ultrasound in third trimester of pregnancy and compared with control group. Umbilical cord blood biochemical test (CK-MB, TnT-hs, proBNP, IMA) results compared between the groups.
Results: In cardiac morphological evaluation, cardiothoracic index was higher and left sphericity index was lower in the IUGR group compared to the control group (p<0,001, p=0,018). Left myocardial performance index (MPI) was higher, tricuspid and mitral annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE and MAPSE) values were lower in IUGR group than control group (p=0,035, p=0,038 and p=0,011 respectively). In IUGR group only proBNP levels was increased compare to control group in umbilical cord blood biochemical tests (p=0,018). There was negative correalation between umbilical cord blood proBNP levels and MAPSE value (r=-0,332, p=0,002).
Conclusions: We observed that IUGR was associated with fetal cardiac morphological changes and systolic dysfunction. Also, in IUGR group cord blood proBNP level was increased and negatively correlated with MAPSE value.
Identifying Molecular Markers for Resistance to Septoria tritici Blotch in Bread Wheat
Authors: Cobertera David , Mundt Christopher C. , Zemetra Robert 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is a foliar disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by the ascomycete fungus Zymoseptoria tritici. STB is a polycyclic disease and represents a significant threat to wheat production, reducing yield and grain quality. The control of STB is mainly based on fungicides. Unfortunately, Z. tritici populations have evolved high resistance levels to some of these fungicides, causing them to lose their efficacy. Therefore, increasing STB resistance through plant breeding is the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for control. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was developed from a cross between a cultivar moderately susceptible to STB, ‘Madsen’ (PI 511673), and ‘Foote’ (PI 599663), which has provided moderate resistance to STB in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) region of the U.S. The RIL population, consisting of 217 lines, was phenotyped across multiple environments for STB response and genotyped using Illumina HiSeq 3000 Sequencing. The STACKS program was used to select SNPs. The best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) value for each accession across different environments for STB severity was used for QTL mapping. Results of quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis indicated minor genes associated with resistance in chromosomes 4B, 5A, 6B, 6D, and 7DS. Presence of all seven QTL in RILs reduced STB severity by over 70% compared to RILs lacking any of the QTL. These QTL could be used develop breeder-friendly molecular markers for genotypic selection of improved STB resistance in wheat in the PNW.
Knowledge, Practice, and factors associated with neonatal pain management among nurses working at West Oromia Public Hospitals, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mekonen Wandimu Muche , Muhye Addis Bilal , Gobeza Mengistu Berhanu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential damage. Recently, in developing countries including Ethiopia, there is insufficient data regarding the knowledge and practice of neonatal pain management among nurses. Hence, the current study identified the nurses’ knowledge, practice, and factors associated with neonatal pain management at west Oromia public hospitals.
Objective
This study aimed to assess knowledge, practice, and factors associated with neonatal pain management among nurses at west Oromia public hospitals, Ethiopia 2022.
Methods
An Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study from all thirty-five public hospitals in west Oromia, from May 1 to 30/2022. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participant. The data was entered into Epi-data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Descriptive statistic was presented in text, tables, and charts. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was computed considering the p-value < 0.05 to identify statistically significant factors.
Result
This study was conducted with 203 staff nurses’ working in the neonatal intensive care unit with a response rate of 98.5%. 127(62.6%) of the nurses had adequate knowledge regarding neonatal pain management. As a practice, 33(16.3%) of the participant had a good practice. There was a significant association between nurses’ knowledge status and getting training on neonatal pain management at university/college (AOR, 2.31; CI 1.29, 4.27). The knowledge level (AOR, 3.3 CI: 1.14, 9.32), having a pain management policy in place (AOR, 5.44, CI: 1.92, 15.37), and receiving training on neonatal pain management at university/college (AOR, 2.55 CI: 1.09, 5.97) were significantly associated with the practice of nurses.
Conclusion and Recommendation:
The finding revealed that nurses had inadequate knowledge and practice in neonatal pain management. Though the level of nurses’ knowledge of neonatal pain management is mediocre and the level of nurses’ practice in neonatal pain management is unpredictably low. Therefore, providing training on neonatal pain management at university/college, providing on-job training, and endorsing pain management policy have a paramount role in improving nurses’ knowledge and practice on neonatal pain management.
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonism alters astrocyte phagocytic activity and has potential applications to psychiatric disease
Authors: Wilson Jennifer , Bowen Ellen , DiGiacomo Philip , Fraser Hannah , Guttenplan Kevin , Smith Benjamin , Heberling Marlene , Vidano Laura , Shamloo Mehrdad , Shah Nigam , Grimes Kevin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Schizophrenia is a debilitating condition necessitating more efficacious therapies. Previous studies suggested that schizophrenia development is associated with aberrant synaptic pruning by glial cells. We pursued an interdisciplinary approach to understand whether therapeutic reduction in glial cell – specifically astrocytic – phagocytosis might benefit neuropsychiatric patients. We discovered that beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) agonists reduced phagocytosis using a high-throughput, phenotypic screen of over 3,200 compounds in primary human fetal astrocytes. We used protein interaction pathways analysis to associate ADRB2, to schizophrenia and endocytosis. We demonstrated that patients with a pediatric exposure to salmeterol, an ADRB2 agonist, had reduced in-patient psychiatry visits using a novel observational study in the electronic health record. We used a mouse model of inflammatory neurodegenerative disease and measured changes in proteins associated with endocytosis and vesicle-mediated transport after ADRB2 agonism. These results provide substantial rationale for clinical consideration of ADRB2 agonists as possible therapies for patients with schizophrenia.