bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduction of Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Outflow Resistance After Modified 360-degree Suture Trabeculotomy
Authors: Suzuki Kayo , Shinmei Yasuhiro , Hirooka Kiriko , Kanaya Rina , Shinkai Akihiro , Kijima Riki , Chin Shinki , Ito Yoichi M. , Ishida Susumu 
Published: October 2022

Précis:
Decreasing aqueous outflow resistance at trabecular meshwork is the main mechanism of modified 360-degree suture trabeculotomy (ST), and the preoperative C-value, which shows aqueous outflow resistance, is likely to be useful for predicting intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction.

Purpose:
To clarify the mechanism of IOP reduction and the preoperative prognostic predictor of modified 360-degree ST.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-three eyes of 32 patients with glaucoma who underwent ST at Hokkaido University Hospital between April 2017 and February 2020 were enrolled. The records of postoperative IOP and coefficient of aqueous outflow (C-value) after ST were reviewed from clinical charts retrospectively. Preoperative IOP and C-values were also reviewed and considered as the baseline.

Results:
Although the differences were not significant, IOP decreased to 15.4±3.3 mm Hg at 3 months (P=0.10) and 16.1±3.8 mm Hg at 6 months (P=0.21). In addition, there were significant decreases in anti-glaucoma medication scores at both 3 and 6 months after surgery (P<0.01). The C-value increased significantly to 0.24±0.11 µL/min/mm Hg at 3 months (P<0.01) and increased significantly to 0.27±0.14 µL/min/mm Hg at 6 months (P<0.01). The rates of change in IOP were negatively correlated with that in the C-value at 3 months (r=−0.49 P<0.01) and 6 months (r=−0.46 P<0.01). The success rate (IOP<21 mm Hg, IOP reduction>20%) was greater in the low baseline C-value group (≤0.17) than high baseline C-value group (>0.17) (P<0.05), and the baseline IOP and C-values were statistically significant in association with the success (P<0.05) at 6 months.

Conclusions:
Increased conventional outflow by the elimination of the aqueous outflow resistance at the trabecular meshwork is the main mechanism of IOP reduction after ST. Preoperative examination of tonographic outflow facility may be useful for predicting the IOP reduction and outcome of ST.
Creeping hair: A case report
Authors: Cao Shan , Lu Xian-Mei , Yang Bao-Qi 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Creeping hair is a rare condition that presents as a migratory linear cutaneous track and accounts for 1% of all subtypes of creeping eruption.
Herein, we report a case of creeping hair on the neck that was diagnosed by histopathological examination.

Case presentation:
A 32-year-old man presented to our outpatient clinic with a half-day history of a visible black linear lesion in the left neck region without any symptoms. He had no recent travel history and no special personal or family medical histories. Dermatological examination revealed a black, thin, linear, 2-cm-long skin lesion in the left neck region, leaving a pattern similar to wave-like erythema or cutaneous larva migrans. Histopathological examination of a skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of creeping hair. The treatment was a shallow incision over the lesion and removal of the hair.

Discussion:
There are few reports of creeping hair, and the pathogenesis remains unknown. The lack of a hair follicle in the dermis on histopathological examination suggests that the creeping hair in the present case was an outgrown hair that penetrated the dermis under constant friction and extrusion.

Conclusion:
Fragile skin and constant friction are common reasons for creeping hair. The creeping hair in this case was classified as an outgrown hair.
Recalcitrant pediatric pyoderma gangrenosum controlled with adalimumab
Authors: Wu Zhe , Xu Qian-Yue , Yao Zhi-Rong 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) refers to an autoinflammatory cutaneous disorder characterized by bizarre painful ulcerations. Clinical data of pediatric PG are rare in China. We herein present the first report of adalimumab in the treatment of pediatric PG in China.

Case presentation:
An 8-year-old boy presented with multiple painful ulcerations on both lower legs. He was diagnosed with PG according to his clinical manifestations and results of a histological examination. His condition showed resistance to corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and even intravenous immunoglobulin. We then treated him with adalimumab, which induced remission of the disease.

Discussion:
PG poses both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Increased levels of inflammatory mediators, including interleukins 1β, 8, and 17 and tumor necrosis factor-α, induce development of the disease. Despite the availability of traditional treatments, new therapeutic regimens should be taken into consideration.

Conclusion:
No previous data regarding adalimumab for the treatment of pediatric PG have been reported in China. Our case demonstrates that adalimumab has a beneficial effect on pediatric patients with recalcitrant PG. However, further evaluation and long-term follow-up of this treatment are required. Because infliximab has been studied in a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial, we anticipate forthcoming multicenter randomized trials and research of adalimumab.
Colposcopy Standards: Guidelines for Endocervical Curettage at Colposcopy
Authors: Massad L. Stewart , Perkins Rebecca B. , Naresh Amber , Nelson Erin L. , Spiryda Lisa , Gecsi Kimberly S. , Mulhem Elie , Kostas-Polston Elizabeth , Zou Tianle , Giles Tashima Lambert , Wentzensen Nicolas 
Published: October 2022

Objective
The most recent guidelines for colposcopy practice in the United States, the 2017 Colposcopy Standards Consensus Guidelines, did not include recommendations for endocervical curettage (ECC). This document provides updated guidelines for use of ECC among patients referred for colposcopy.

Methods
Consensus guidelines for the use of ECC were developed in 2012. To update these guidelines in concordance with the 2017 Colposcopy Standards process, an expert workgroup was convened in 2021. Literature had been previously reviewed through 2011, before the 2012 guideline. Literature from the years 2012–2021 and data from the NCI Biopsy study were reviewed, focusing on the additional yield of ECC.

Results
Endocervical curettage is recommended for patients with high-grade cytology, human papillomavirus 16/18 infection, positive results on dual staining for p16/Ki67, for those previously treated for known or suspected cervical precancer or considering observation of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2, and when the squamocolumnar junction is not fully visualized at colposcopy. Endocervical curettage is preferred for all patients aged older than 40 years. Endocervical curettage is acceptable for all nonpregnant patients undergoing colposcopy but may be omitted when a subsequent excisional procedure is planned, the endocervical canal does not admit a sampling device, or in nulliparous patients aged younger than 30 years, with cytology reported as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion regardless of whether the squamocolumnar junction is fully visualized. Endocervical curettage is unacceptable in pregnancy.

Conclusions
These guidelines for ECC add to the 2017 consensus recommendations for colposcopy practice in the United States.
Role of bacteriophage therapy for resistant infections in transplant recipients
Authors: Nicholls Paul , Aslam Saima 
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review
Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are prevalent in transplant recipients and associated with poor outcomes. We review recent cases of phage therapy used to treat recalcitrant infections in transplant recipients and explore the future role of such therapy in this setting.

Recent findings
Individual case reports and small case series suggest possible efficacy of phage therapy for the treatment of MDRO infections in pre and posttransplant patients. Importantly, there have been no serious safety concerns in the reported cases that we reviewed. There are no applicable randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to better guide phage therapy at this time.

Summary
Given the safety and possibility of successful salvage therapy of MDRO infections using bacteriophages, it is reasonable to pursue phage therapy for difficult-to-treat infections on a compassionate use basis, but RCT data are critically needed to better inform management.
The Clinical Academic Partnership for Excellence
Authors: Luckenbach Alyson , L'Ecuyer Kristi 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The Clinical Academic Partnership for Excellence (CAPE) is an innovative program designed to provide ongoing education, mentorship, and support for novice clinical faculty.

Purpose:
The aims of this study were to (1) understand the competency of clinical faculty in their teaching, (2) discover the usefulness of CAPE modules, and (3) explore the benefits of the CAPE program.

Methods:
An electronic survey using Likert-style and open-ended questions was administered to clinical faculty who participated in CAPE over 2 years.

Results:
Participants were able to operationalize the curriculum, objectively evaluate students, and communicate effectively using CAPE content. Benefits included collaboration with faculty, evidence-based teaching, and debriefing. Eighty-eight percent of participants planned to teach for the program again.

Conclusions:
The CAPE program is an innovative approach to bridging the gap between clinical practice and academia. It may be a sustainable solution for faculty retention, satisfaction, and quality education.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Acute Cholecystitis: Refining the Best Surgical Timing Through Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Coccolini Federico , Solaini Leonardo , Binda Cecilia , Catena Fausto , Chiarugi Massimo , Fabbri Carlo , Ercolani Giorgio , Cucchetti Alessandro 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Acute cholecystitis (AC) is largely diffused among population worldwide. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice. Current evidence suggests a clinical benefit of early cholecystectomy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the different “timing” (“early” vs. “delayed” cholecystectomy), through the application of network meta-analyses, to define the most adequate interval associated with the best outcomes.

Materials and methods:
A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted.

Results:
Early cholecystectomy ≤72 hours from symptoms reduced conversion rate in comparison to: cholecystectomy ≤7 days from symptoms (P=0.044), delayed cholecystectomy within 1 to 5 weeks from first admission (P=0.010) and 6 to 12 weeks from symptoms resolutions (P=0.009). Delaying cholecystectomy to 6 to 12 weeks reduces operating time in respect to early cholecystectomy ≤72 hours from symptoms (P=0.001), within 24 hours from admission (P=0.001), ≤72 hours from admission (P=0.001) and ≤7 days from symptoms (P=0.001). Cholecystectomy ≤24 hours from admission was the best strategy to reduce total in-hospital stay, whereas delaying cholecystectomy to 6 to 12 weeks was the worst strategy. The same applied when cholecystectomy was performed ≤72 hours from symptoms in respect to both delayed strategies (P=0.001 for both comparisons) or when it was performed ≤72 hours from admission (P=0.001 for both comparisons). Cholecystectomy ≤72 hours from symptoms onset was the best strategy to reduce postoperative complications, the worst was represented by delayed cholecystectomy at 1 to 5 weeks from first admission.

Conclusion:
AC should be operated as soon as possible. AC surgical management should be considered in a dynamic time conception to optimize clinical, organizational, and economical outcomes.
A comprehensive analysis of 30-day readmissions after emergency general surgery procedures: Are risk factors modifiable?
Authors: Coimbra Raul , Allison-Aipa Timothy , Zachary Bishoy , Firek Matthew , Edwards Sara 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND
Modifiable risk factors associated with procedure-related 30-day readmission after emergency general surgery (EGS) have not been comprehensively studied. We set out to determine risk factors associated with EGS procedure-related 30-day unplanned readmissions.

METHODS
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project database (2013–2019). It included nine surgical procedures encompassing 80% of the burden of EGS diseases, performed on an urgent/emergent basis. The procedures were classified as low risk (open and laparoscopic appendectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy) and high risk (open cholecystectomy, laparoscopic and open colectomy, lysis of adhesions, perforated ulcer repair, small bowel resection, and exploratory laparotomy). Data on patient characteristics, admission status, procedure risk, hospital length of stay, and discharge disposition were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS
A total of 312,862 patients were included (16,306 procedure-related 30-day readmissions [5.2%]). Thirty-day readmission patients were older, had higher American Association of Anesthesiology scores, were more often underweighted or markedly obese, and were more frequently presented with sepsis. Risk factors associated with EGS procedure-related 30-day unplanned readmissions included age older than 40 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.15), American Association of Anesthesiology ≥3 (AOR, 1.41), sepsis present at the time of surgery (AOR, 1.84), body mass index <18 kg/m2 (AOR, 1.16), body mass index ≥40 kg/m2 (AOR, 1.12), high-risk procedures (AOR, 1.51), LOS ≥4 d (AOR, 2.04), and discharge except to home (AOR, 1.33). Thirty-day readmissions following low-risk procedures occurred at a median of 5 days (interquartile range, 2–11 days) and 6 days (interquartile range, 3–11 days) after high-risk procedures. Surgical site infections, postoperative sepsis, wound disruption, and thromboembolic events were more prevalent in the 30-day readmission group. Mortality rate was fourfold higher in the 30-day readmission group (2.4% vs. 0.6%).

CONCLUSION
We identified several unmodifiable patients and EGS disease-related factors associated with 30-day unplanned readmissions. Readmissions could be potentially reduced by the implementation of a postdischarge surveillance systems between hospitals and postdischarge destination facilities, leveraging telehealth and outpatient care.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic and Epidemiological; Level IV.
Blood Banking Considerations in Pediatric Trauma
Authors: Wong Trisha E. , Wiggins-Dohlvik Katie , Josephson Cassandra D. , Nicol Kathleen K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Transfusion of blood products to a hemorrhaging pediatric trauma patient requires seamless partnership and communication between trauma, emergency department, critical care, and transfusion team members. To avoid confusion and delays, understanding of blood banking principles and mutually agreed upon procedures and policies must be regularly updated as knowledge evolves. As pediatric patients require specialized considerations distinct from those in adults, this brief review covers transfusion principles, policies, and procedures specific to the resuscitation of pediatric trauma patients.

Level of Evidence
N/A
Predicting maternal social loneliness by passive sensing with wearable devices
Authors: Sarhaddi Fatemeh , Azimi Iman , Niela-Vilén Hannakaisa , Axelin Anna , Liljeberg Pasi , Rahmani Amir M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMaternal loneliness is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes for both the mother and her child. Detecting maternal loneliness non-invasively through wearable devices and passive sensing provides opportunities to prevent or reduce the impact of loneliness on the health and well-being of the mother and her child.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to use objective health data collected passively by a wearable device to predict maternal (social) loneliness during pregnancy and the postpartum period based on and to identify the important objective physiological parameters in loneliness detection.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal study using smartwatches to continuously collect physiological data from 31 women during pregnancy and the postpartum period. The participants completed the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) loneliness questionnaire in gestational week 36 and again at 12 weeks postpartum. Responses to this questionnaire and the background information of the participants were collected via our customized cross-platform mobile application. We leveraged participants’ smartwatch data from the 7 days before and the day of their completion of the UCLA questionnaire for loneliness prediction. We categorized the loneliness scores from the UCLA questionnaire as loneliness (scores ≥ 12) and non-loneliness (scores<12). We developed decision tree and gradient boosting models to predict loneliness. We evaluated the models by using a leave-one-participant-out cross validation. Moreover, we discussed the importance of extracted health parameters in our models for loneliness prediction.ResultsThe gradient boosting and decision tree models predicted maternal social loneliness with weighted F1 scores of 0.871 and 0.897, respectively. Our results also show that loneliness is highly associated with activity intensity, activity distribution during the day, resting heart rate (HR), and resting heart rate variability (HRV).ConclusionOur results show the potential benefit and feasibility of using passive sensing with a smartwatch to predict maternal loneliness. Our developed machine learning models achieved a high F1 score for loneliness prediction. We also show that intensity of activity, activity pattern, and resting HR and HRV are good predictors of loneliness. These results indicate the intervention opportunities made available by wearable devices and predictive models to improve maternal well-being by early detection of loneliness.
Z-REX uncovers a bifurcation in function of Keap1 paralogs
Authors: Van Hall-Beauvais Alexandra , Poganik Jesse R. , Huang Kuang-Ting , Parvez Saba , Zhao Yi , Lin Hong-Yu , Liu Xuyu , Long Marcus J. C. , Aye Yimon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStudying electrophile signaling is marred by difficulties in parsing changes in pathway flux attributable to on-target, vis-à-vis off-target, modifications. By combining bolus dosing, knockdown, and Z-REX—a tool investigating on-target/on-pathway electrophile signaling, we document that electrophile labeling of one zebrafish-Keap1-paralog (zKeap1b) stimulates Nrf2-driven antioxidant response (AR) signaling (like the human-ortholog). Conversely, zKeap1a is a dominant-negative regulator of electrophile-promoted Nrf2-signaling, and itself is nonpermissive for electrophile-induced Nrf2-upregulation. This behavior is recapitulated in human cells, wherein following electrophile treatment: (1) zKeap1b-transfected cells are permissive for augmented AR-signaling through reduced zKeap1b–Nrf2 binding; (2) zKeap1a-transfected cells are non-permissive for AR-upregulation, as zKeap1a–Nrf2 binding capacity remains unaltered; (3) 1:1 ZKeap1a:zKeap1b-transfected cells show no Nrf2-release from the Keap1-complex, rendering these cells unable to upregulate AR. We identified a zKeap1a-specific point-mutation (C273I) responsible for zKeap1a’s behavior. Human-Keap1(C273I), of known diminished Nrf2-regulatory capacity, dominantly muted electrophile-induced Nrf2-signaling. These studies highlight divergent and interdependentelectrophile signalingbehaviors, despite conservedelectrophile sensing.Impact statementHow electrophile-sensing versus -signaling marshal stress responses: two zebrafish Keap1-paralogs are equally adept at electrophile-sensing but manifest divergent and co-regulatory electrophile-signaling behaviors.
A CREBZF/Zhangfei isoform activates CHOP during prolonged cellular stress
Authors: Li Yu , Yip Wan Kong , Penney Jenna , Taylor Tiegh , Zhang Yani , Zeng Minghua , Audas Timothy E. , Lu Ray 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThe basic leucine zipper transcription factor CREBZF (Zhangfei or ZF) was identified through its interaction with Herpes Simplex Virus-1 related cellular protein HCF-1. CREBZF has been implicated in cellular stress responses through its interaction with other proteins, such as CREB3/Luman and ATF4. Here we investigated the production of four CREBZF isoforms, which arise from translational initiation of a downstream AUG at codon 83, and mRNA alternative splicing that adds an IFFFR pentapeptidyl tail to the C-terminus. We found that in addition to transcriptional activation, the short-tailed CREBZF (stZF) isoform was specifically induced by prolonged ER stress treatment. This stZF isoform is a potent transcriptional activator of the pro-apoptotic protein CHOP. Overexpression of stZF activates transcription of CHOP through a CCAAT enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)-ATF site, and promotes apoptosis. We propose that 1) CREBZF is a key component of the Integrated Stress Response (ISR); 2) stZF is essential for the role of CREBZF in inducing CHOP and promoting cell death upon prolonged cellular stress.
The oomycete MAMP, arachidonic acid, and anAscophyllum nodosum-derived plant biostimulant induce defense metabolome remodeling in tomato
Authors: Lewis Domonique C. , van der Zwan Timo , Richards Andrew , Little Holly , Coaker Gitta L. , Bostock Richard M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractArachidonic acid (AA) is an oomycete-derived MAMP capable of eliciting robust defense responses and inducing resistance in plants. Similarly, extract (ANE) from the brown seaweedAscophylum nodosum, a plant biostimulant that contains AA, can also prime plants for defense against pathogen challenge. A previous parallel study comparing the transcriptomes of AA and ANE root-treated tomato demonstrated significant overlap in transcriptional profiles, a shared induced resistance phenotype, and changes in accumulation of various defense-related phytohormones. In this work, untargeted metabolomic analysis via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was conducted to investigate the local and systemic metabolome-wide remodeling events elicited by AA- and ANE-root treatment in tomato. Our study demonstrated AA and ANE’s capacity to locally and systemically alter the metabolome of tomato with enrichment of chemical classes and accumulation of metabolites associated with defense-related secondary metabolism. AA and ANE root-treated plants showed enrichment of fatty acyl-glycosides and strong modulation of hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives. Identification of specific metabolites whose accumulation was affected by AA and ANE treatment revealed shared metabolic changes related to ligno-suberin biosynthesis and the synthesis of phenolic compounds. This study highlights the extensive local and systemic metabolic changes in tomato induced by treatment with a fatty acid MAMP and a seaweed-derived plant biostimulant with implications for induced resistance and crop improvement.