bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Knee Kinematics in Patients With Arthrofibrosis After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Ling , Wang Cong , Tsai Tsung-Yuan , Wang Shao-bai , Fan Shuai , Cai Bin 
Published: March 2022

Context: Arthrofibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction can be detrimental to the knee joint function and patient outcomes. However, the effects of arthrofibrosis on the in vivo tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint kinematics after ACL reconstruction remain unclear. Objective: The objective of this study was to quantify the in vivo knee kinematics during a dynamic lunge task in the knee with arthrofibrosis after ACL reconstruction. Methods: Eleven patients with arthrofibrosis in one knee after ACL reconstruction participated in this study. Computed tomography and dual fluoroscopic imaging were used to evaluate in vivo kinematics of affected and contralateral knees during a lunge task. Differences in 6 degrees of freedom tibiofemoral kinematics and patellar tracking between limbs were assessed via repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: Internal tibial rotation (5.2° vs 7.5°, respectively; P < .001) and inferior patellar shift (24.6 mm vs 28.9 mm, respectively; P < .001) were significantly lower in the arthrofibrotic knee compared with the contralateral knee from 15° to 75° of knee flexion. The patella in the arthrofibrotic knee significantly less flexed by 9.1° (P = .009) throughout the measured ROM and less laterally tilted by 3° (P = .017) compared with the contralateral knee from 30° to 75° of knee flexion. Conclusions: A significant superior shift and medial tilt of the patella were found in the affected knee compared with those in the contralateral knee during the dynamic lunge. Decreased internal tibial rotation and patellar flexion were found in knees with arthrofibrosis following ACL reconstruction; whether these kinematic changes are caused by arthrofibrosis need further investigation.
Depressive symptoms in lung transplant recipients: trajectory and association with mortality and allograft dysfunction
Authors: Kolaitis Nicholas A , Gao Ying , Soong Allison , Greenland John R , Hays Steven R , Golden Jeffrey A , Venado Aida , Leard Lorriana E , Shah Rupal J , Kleinhenz Mary Ellen , Katz Patricia P , Kukreja Jasleen , Blanc Paul D , Smith Patrick J , Singer Jonathan Paul 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveMost studies observing an association between depressive symptoms following lung transplantation and mortality are limited to depressive symptom measurement at a single time point, unrelated to allograft function. We aimed to test the association of depressive symptoms over multiple assessments with allograft dysfunction and with mortality.MethodsWe assessed depressive symptoms before and serially up to 3 years after lung transplantation in lung transplant recipients. We quantified depressive symptoms with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS; range 0–15; minimally important difference (MID): 2). We quantified changes in GDS using linear mixed effects models and tested the association with mortality using Cox proportional hazards models with GDS as a time-dependent predictor. To determine if worsening in GDS preceded declines in lung function, we tested the association of GDS as a time-dependent predictor with the lagged outcome of FEV1at the following study visit.ResultsAmong 266 participants, depressive symptoms improved early after transplantation. Worsening in post-transplant GDS by the MID was associated with mortality (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.50), and in lagged outcome analyses with decreased per cent predicted FEV1(Δ, −1.62%, 95% CI −2.49 to –0.76). Visual analyses of temporal changes in GDS demonstrated that worsening depressive symptoms could precede chronic lung allograft dysfunction.ConclusionsDepressive symptoms generally improve after lung transplantation. When they worsen, however, there is an association with declines in lung function and mortality. Depression is one of the few, potentially modifiable, risk factors for chronic lung allograft dysfunction and death.
Hydraulics of flow over full-cycle cosine and rectangular sharp-crested weirs
Authors: Azimi Amir H. , Salehi Saeed 
Published: March 2022

Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the hydraulic characteristics of full-cycle cosine and rectangular sharp-crested weirs in free flow condition. The head–discharge relationships of full-cycle cosine weirs were determined theoretically and the discharge coefficients were correlated with weir geometry for both rigid and erodible bed conditions. The proposed model showed higher discharge coefficients in full-cycle cosine weirs in comparison with rectangular sharp-crested weirs. The three-dimensional velocity profiles of full-cycle cosine and rectangular weirs were measured by an acoustic Doppler velocimeter probe. The effects of weir geometry on mean flow and local erosion upstream of the weirs were studied for two sediment sizes of 0.7 mm and 1.2 mm. The time-averaged velocity profiles exhibited strong three-dimensional flow in full-cycle cosine weirs. The strength of the upper eddy in the crest location of full-cycle cosine weirs decreased by increasing the weir gap opening and the jet stream deflected upward due to uneven eddy sizes. The maximum streamwise velocity of cosine weirs increased by four times the average velocity at the crest level of the weir and the transverse velocity profiles captured strong vortices in the vertical plane closest to the weir. The effect of weir gap opening of full-cycle cosine weirs on the total scour volume was studied for two sediment sizes. It was found that the scour volume in the upstream region of cosine weirs was higher than the scour volume formed upstream of a rectangular weir with the same opening.
Histone methyltransferase Dot1L inhibits pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis by promoting NUPR1 expression
Authors: Shan Lin , Hao Chen , Jun Zheng , Qinghe Cai 
Published: March 2022

Objective To explore functions of the histone H3 lysine 79 (K79) methyltransferase Dot1L in the development of pancreatic cancer and evaluate the possibility of targeting Dot1L to inhibit pancreatic cancer progression. Methods Patient samples were used to detect differences in Dot1L expression between tumor and adjacent tissues and to determine correlations between Dot1L expression in patients with different stages of pancreatic cancer. Lentiviral-mediated knockdown of Dot1L expression and flow cytometry were used to detect apoptosis in pancreatic cancer lacking Dot1L expression; chromatin immunoprecipitation and quantitative PCR were used to detect downstream target genes of Dot1L. Results We show that Dot1L is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer, and that its expression is related to pancreatic cancer stage. Knocking down Dot1L significantly promoted apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells, while overexpressing Dot1L inhibited apoptosis. Mechanistically, Dot1L regulated apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells by promoting NUPR1 expression. The enriched H3K79 trimethylation in the transcription initiation region of NUPR1 promoted its expression. Overexpressing NUPR1 inhibited the pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis caused by Dot1L knockdown. Conclusions Dot1L inhibits pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis by targeting NUPR1; thus, Dot1L is a promising target for pancreatic cancer treatment.
The availability of support and peritoneal dialysis survival: A cohort study
Authors: Fox Danielle E , King-Shier Kathryn M , James Matthew T , Venturato Lorraine , Clarke Alix , Ravani Pietro , Oliver Matthew J , Quinn Robert R 
Published: March 2022

Background: Providing support is important to maintain a patient on peritoneal dialysis (PD), though its impact on outcomes has not been investigated thoroughly. We examined the association between having support and risk of a transfer to hemodialysis. Methods: In this retrospective observational cohort study, we used data captured in the Dialysis Measurement Analysis and Reporting system about patients who started PD in Alberta, Canada, between 1 January 2013 and 30 September 2018. Support was defined as the availability of a support person in the home who was able, willing and available to provide support for PD in the patient’s residence. The outcome of interest was a transfer to hemodialysis for at least 90 days. We estimated the cumulative incidence of a transfer over time accounting for competing risks and hazard ratios to summarise the association between support and a transfer. We split follow-up time as hazard ratios varied over time. Results: Six hundred and eighty-three incident PD patients, median age 58 years ( IQR: 47–68) and 35% female, were followed for a median of 15 months. The cumulative incidence of a transfer to hemodialysis at 24 months was 26%. Having support was associated with a reduced risk of a transfer between 3 and 12 months after the start of dialysis (HR3-12mo: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.25–0.78), but not earlier (hazard ratio (HR)<3mo: 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.55–1.69) or later (HR>12mo: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.65–2.17). Conclusions: A transfer to hemodialysis is common. Having a support person at home is associated with a short-term protective effect after the initiation of PD.
Different types of screen time are associated with low life satisfaction in adolescents across 37 European and North American countries
Authors: Khan Asaduzzaman , Moni Mohammad A. , Khan Shanchita R. , Burton Nicola W. 
Published: March 2022

Aims Prolonged screen time (ST) is a potential concern for poor wellbeing. This study aimed to examine the associations of different types of ST with life satisfaction among adolescents. Methods Data were from 380,446 adolescents (aged 11–15 years, 51% girls) across 37 European and North American countries who completed the 2010 and 2014 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children surveys. Participants reported h/day during free time spent on television, electronic games, and computer/other devices. Life satisfaction was assessed using a 10-point scale (low life satisfaction ⩽5). Results Generalized additive modelling showed non-linear associations for each ST type, with low life satisfaction increasing monotonically for >1 h/day of electronic gaming or computer/other device and >2 h/day of watching television. Multilevel multivariable modelling showed that >4 h/day of watching television was associated with 26% higher odds for boys (OR 1.26; 95% CI:1.21–1.32) and 52% higher odds for girls (1.52; 1.46–1.59) of low life satisfaction than for ⩽1 h/day of television. Electronic gaming >4 h/day was associated with low life satisfaction with odds 42% higher in boys (1.42, 1.36–1.48) and 69% higher in girls (1.69, 1.61–1.76). A similar association was found for >4 h/day of computer/other device for boys (1.43, 1.37–1.49) and girls (1.71, 1.65–1.77). Conclusions Low levels of ST may be beneficial; however, prolonged periods are associated with low life satisfaction among adolescents, in particular among girls. Results support ⩽2 h/day restriction of ST and highlight research is needed to understand underlying mechanisms of ST and wellbeing, which may not reflect active versus passive content.
Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of children and adolescents: A systematic review of survey studies
Authors: Theberath Monique , Bauer David , Chen Weizhi , Salinas Manisha , Mohabbat Arya B , Yang Juan , Chon Tony Y , Bauer Brent A , Wahner-Roedler Dietlind L 
Published: March 2022

Objective: Mental health problems among children and adolescents are increasingly observed during the outbreak of COVID-19, leading to significant healthcare concerns. Survey studies provide unique opportunities for research during this pandemic, while there are no existing systematic reviews in this setting. The objective was to summarize existing survey studies addressing the effects of the current COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of children and adolescents. Methods: For this systematic review, we performed an electronic search in multiple databases from December 2019 to December 2020. The quality appraisal of the included studies was performed with the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Checklist. Because of the high methodological heterogeneity between studies, a narrative synthesis of the qualitative data was used. Results: In total, 35 survey studies with 65,508 participants, ranging from 4 to 19 years of age, are included in this review. Anxiety (28%), depression (23%), loneliness (5%), stress (5%), fear (5%), tension (3%), anger (3%), fatigue (3%), confusion (3%), and worry (3%) were the most common mental health issues reported. Children and adolescents with psychiatric and/or developmental disorders, such as severe obesity, chronic lung disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, cystic fibrosis, and obsessive-compulsive disorders, were especially vulnerable to the mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Age, gender, psychological quality, and negative coping strategies were identified as risk factors for the development of mental health problems. Social and family support, along with a positive coping style, was associated with better outcomes. Conclusion: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of children and adolescents is multifaceted and substantial. Survey studies regarding child and adolescent mental health amid COVID-19 indicated that anxiety, depression, loneliness, stress, and tension are the most observed symptoms. Positive coping strategies with family and social support may be important to achieving better outcomes. Due to limited available evidence, more well-designed studies in this area are urgently needed.
Excision of Hook of Hamate Fractures in Elite Baseball Players: Surgical Technique and Return to Play
Authors: Engler Ian D. , Barrazueta Gustavo , Colacchio Nicholas D. , Ruchelsman David E. , Belsky Mark R. , Leibman Matthew D. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Hook of hamate fractures are relatively common in baseball players, but the proper diagnosis and surgical technique can be challenging. Outcomes after surgical excision, as well as optimal surgical technique, in elite baseball players have not been clearly established. Hypothesis: Excision of hook of hamate fractures with a technique tailored to elite professional and collegiate baseball players will lead to high rates of return to play within a short time. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We reviewed the cases of 42 elite athletes who underwent surgical excision of 42 hook of hamate fractures at a single academic hand surgery practice from 2006 to 2020. The athletes competed at the professional (n = 20) or varsity collegiate (n = 22) baseball levels and were treated using the same surgical technique tailored toward the elite athlete. The clinical history, timing of surgery, complications, and time to return to play were recorded for each patient. Results: All 42 patients underwent an excision of their hook of hamate fracture at a mean of 7.2 weeks (range, 0.5-52 weeks) from the onset of symptoms. All but one patient were able to return to full preinjury level of baseball participation within 6 weeks from the date of surgery, with a mean return to sport of 5.4 weeks (range, 3-8 weeks). Two patients returned to the operating room—1 for scar tissue formation causing ulnar nerve compression and 1 for residual bone fragment causing pain and ulnar nerve compression. Conclusion: Surgical excision of hook of hamate fractures in elite baseball players showed a very high rate of return to play within 6 weeks. Meticulous adherence to the described surgical technique tailored to athletes optimizes clinical outcomes and avoids complications.
Assessing the Effects of Scapular Positioning on the Morphology of the Median Nerve During Upper Limb Tension Test 1 (ULTT1)
Authors: Vogel Erin , Ashley Natasha , Pandya Tanyi , Sebring Amber 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The upper limb tension test 1 (ULTT1) is commonly used by physical therapists for patients with complaints of radiating symptoms in their upper extremity following the path of the median nerve. Clinicians typically perform similar testing positions for patients, except for scapular position, which may vary between scapular blocking and scapular depression. This may alter the test results based on this positioning. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a significant difference in median nerve morphology during the ULTT1 between resting and two scapular testing positions. Materials and Methods: Thirty healthy participants, 18 to 65 years of age, were tested using the ULTT1 in both blocked and depressed scapular positions. The height and width of the median nerve were measured by diagnostic sonography. Paired t tests were utilized to compare baseline, blocked, and depressed scapular positions with the ULTT1. Results: No statistically significant difference in height or width was found between resting, blocked, or depressed scapular positioning. Conclusion: There were inconclusive results regarding the morphology of the median nerve in this study. Key Takeaways Inconclusive results on nerve morphology comparing two scapular positions during the ULTT1. Research may be conducted on symptomatic patients to assist with more reliable test findings related to ULTT1.
Empirically derived dietary pattern and odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases in overweight and obese adults: a case–control study
Authors: Talenezhad Nasir , Mirzavandi Farhang , Rahimpour Shahab , Amel Shahbaz Amir Pasha , Mohammadi Mohammad , Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rising at an exponential rate throughout the world. Given the confirmed association between nutritional status and NAFLD, this study aimed to investigate the relationship of dietary patterns with NAFLD in overweight and obese adults.

Methods
In this age- and gender-matched case–control study, 115 newly diagnosed cases and 102 control individuals participated. A validated 178-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was administered to assess the participants' dietary data. Dietary patterns were extracted from 24 predefined food groups by factor analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was run to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and NAFLD.

Results
Factor analysis resulted in: “western”, “traditional”, and “snack and sweets” dietary patterns. The NAFLD odds were greater in participants at the highest quintile of the “western” dietary pattern than the lowest quintile (OR: 3.52; 95% CI: 1.64, 8.61). A significant increasing trend was observed in NAFLD odds across increasing quintiles of the “western” dietary pattern (P-trend = 0.01). After adjusting for the potential confounders, this relationship remained significant (OR: 3.30; 95% CI: 1.06–10.27). After full adjustments, NAFLD had no association with “traditional” or “snack and sweets” dietary patterns.

Conclusion
The “western” dietary pattern containing fast food, refined grains, liquid oil, pickles, high-fat dairy, sweet desserts, red meat, tea, and coffee was associated with increased odds of NAFLD. However, further prospective studies are required to establish these results.
Utility of handgrip strength (HGS) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Luengpradidgun Lalida , Chamroonkul Naichaya , Sripongpun Pimsiri , Kaewdech Apichat , Tanutit Pramot , Ina Natee , Piratvisuth Teerha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is associated with disability, mortality, and poorer survival in cirrhotic patients. For the evaluation of muscle volume, computed tomography (CT) is the most accurate tool. Unfortunately, it would be hard to apply a muscle mass measuring CT to daily practice. This research aims to study the utility of handgrip strength (HGS) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to detect sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients compared with CT as the reference.

Methods
In cirrhotic patients who met inclusions criteria (age 20–70 years, ascites < grade 2 of International Ascites Club grading system, no active malignancy, and no cardiac implanted device), HGS were measured using a Jamar dynamometer. Subsequently, patients with low muscle strength (defined as JSH criteria, < 26 kg in male, < 18 kg in female) were then underwent CT and BIA (Tanita MC780 MA) on the same day to measure muscle volume, the definition of sarcopenia by CT was according to the Japan Society of Hepatology (JSH). We also collected data from patients with normal HGS whose CT results were available in the study period.

Results
From 146 cirrhotic patients who underwent HGS, 30 patients (20.5%) had diagnosed low HSG. Data from 50 patients whose available CT results included 30 low HGS and 20 patients with normal HSG. The HGS was strongly correlated with skeleton muscle index (SMI) by CT (r = 0.81, p < 0.001) and had an excellent diagnostic performance for detecting sarcopenia by using JSH criteria the sensitivity, specificity, NPV and PPV were 88.2%, 100%, 100%, and 98.7% respectively. In contrast, only 6 of 30 patients (20%) met sarcopenic criteria by BIA. Among sarcopenic patients, the result showed a fair correlation between SMI and BIA (r = 0.54; p < 0.002).

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated an excellent correlation between HGS and SMI by CT in the mixed cirrhotic population from the sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups. The HGS using the JSH criteria showed an excellent performance in detecting sarcopenia compared to CT. Nonetheless, for the BIA by using the current cut-offs demonstrated unacceptable rate to detect sarcopenia.
Incidence, predictors and health outcomes of delirium in very old hospitalized patients: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Meng , Zhang Xuemei , Gao Langli , Yue Jirong , Jiang Xiaolian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Delirium is a common complication that leads to poor health outcomes in older patients undergoing treatment. Due to severe consequences, early recognition of high-risk patients and risk factors for delirium are crucial in the prompt initiation of prevention measures. However, research in medically hospitalized patients aged ≥80 years remains limited. This study aimed to determine the incidence, predictors and health outcomes of delirium in very old (aged ≥80 years) hospitalized patients in China.

Methods
A prospective study was conducted in individuals aged ≥80 years admitted to geriatric departments. Potential risk factors were assessed within 24 h after hospital admission. Screening for delirium was performed on admission and every 48 h thereafter for 14 days and assessed if acute mental status changes were observed. During hospitalization, health outcomes were recorded daily.

Results
Incident delirium occurred in 109 of 637 very old hospitalized patients (17.1%). The independent predictors of delirium in hospitalized patients aged 80 and over were cognitive function impairment [OR 17.42, 95% CI:(7.47–40.64)], depression [OR 9.30, 95% CI: (4.59–18.84)], CCI ≥ 5 [OR 4.21, 95% CI: (1.48–12.01)], sleep deprivation [OR 3.89, 95% CI: (1.71–8.82)], infection [OR 3.33, 95% CI: (1.70–6.54)], polypharmacy (≥5 medications) [OR 2.85, 95% CI: (1.51–5.39)], constipation [OR 2.58, 95% CI: (1.33–5.02)], and emergency admission [OR 2.13, 95% CI: (1.02–4.45)]. Patients with delirium had significantly longer hospital stays(P < 0.001) and higher percentages of physical restraint use(P < 0.001) and falls (P = 0.001) than those without delirium,.

Conclusion
The incidence of delirium was high in hospitalized patients aged ≥80 years admitted to the geriatric department and was associated with prolonged hospital stay and higher rates of physical restraint use and falls. In this population, the most important independent risk factors for incident delirium were cognitive function impairment and depression. Health care professionals should recognize and initiate interventions for delirium early in geriatric patients.