bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Most numbers are not normal
Authors: AVENI ANDREA , LEONETTI PAOLO 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe show, from a topological viewpoint, that most numbers are not normal in a strong sense. More precisely, the set of numbers
$x \in (0,1]$
with the following property is comeager: for all integers
$b\ge 2$
and
$k\ge 1$
, the sequence of vectors made by the frequencies of all possibile strings of length k in the b-adic representation of x has a maximal subset of accumulation points, and each of them is the limit of a subsequence with an index set of nonzero asymptotic density. This extends and provides a streamlined proof of the main result given by Olsen (2004) in this Journal. We provide analogues in the context of analytic P-ideals and regular matrices.
Global optimisation of the mean first passage time for narrow capture problems in elliptic domains
Authors: Gilbert Jason , Cheviakov Alexei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNarrow escape and narrow capture problems which describe the average times required to stop the motion of a randomly travelling particle within a domain have applications in various areas of science. While for general domains, it is known how the escape time decreases with the increase of the trap sizes, for some specific 2D and 3D domains, higher-order asymptotic formulas have been established, providing the dependence of the escape time on the sizes and locations of the traps. Such results allow the use of global optimisation to seek trap arrangements that minimise average escape times. In a recent paper (Iyaniwura (2021) SIAM Rev.63(3), 525–555), an explicit size- and trap location-dependent expansion of the average mean first passage time (MFPT) in a 2D elliptic domain was derived. The goal of this work is to systematically seek global minima of MFPT for
$1\leq N\leq 50$
traps in elliptic domains using global optimisation techniques and compare the corresponding putative optimal trap arrangements for different values of the domain eccentricity. Further, an asymptotic formula for the average MFPT in elliptic domains with N circular traps of arbitrary sizes is derived, and sample optimal configurations involving non-equal traps are computed.
Multilingualism and verbal short-term/working memory: Evidence from academics
Authors: Fyndanis Valantis , Cameron Sarah , Hansen Pernille Bonnevie , Norvik Monica I. , Simonsen Hanne Gram 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo date, the evidence regarding the effect of bilingualism/multilingualism on short-term memory (STM) and working memory (WM) capacity is inconclusive. This study investigates whether multilingualism has a positive effect on the verbal STM and WM capacity of neurotypical middle-aged and older individuals. Eighty-two L1-Norwegian sequential bilingual/multilingual academics were tested with tasks measuring verbal STM/WM capacity. Degree of bilingualism/multilingualism for each participant was estimated based on a comprehensive questionnaire. Different measures of bilingualism/multilingualism were used. Data on potentially influencing non-linguistic factors were also collected. Correlation and regression analyses showed that multilingualism impacts both verbal STM and verbal WM. In particular, all analyses showed that number of known foreign languages was the strongest predictor of verbal STM and WM capacity. The results are discussed in light of recent studies on the impact of bilingualism on STM/WM and on recent proposals regarding the mechanism underlying so-called bilingual advantage.
Supporting the Barrister Profession: The Law Library at The Bar of Ireland
Authors: Byrne Nuala 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article by Nuala Byrne describes how the Library and Information Service of The Bar of Ireland, The Law Library, developed to support the profession of barrister from 2004 to the present day. It highlights key priorities addressed in the earlier years and how the service has developed since to deliver a modern, networked, knowledge-based library and information service, to barristers who are members of The Bar of Ireland.
An Analysis of the GDPR Compliance Issues Posed by New Emerging Technologies
Authors: Mone Varda , Sivakumar CLV 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNew emergent technologies, like cloud computing, blockchain, the ‘internet of things’, and artificial intelligence (AI), have received significant attention from research and industry. Public and private organisations benefit from these technologies, but the privacy of individuals is threatened. This research paper, by Varda Mone and CLV Sivakumar, analyses the existing data protection laws with respect to new emerging technologies like AI, big data, and algorithms. The purpose is first, to discuss and analyse the impact and emergence of modern concepts like big data, algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI), Cloud computing, and the ‘internet of things’, etc mainly in light of GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) provisions. The article examines the challenges of GDPR compliance posed by the features of these technologies, both individually and collectively. Due to the unique features of these technologies, we are able to identify areas of compliance that needed attention. With regard to the compliance issues identified, we discuss possible solutions as well as raise new questions for further investigation. It is not an exhaustive assessment of these fields but an attempt is made to shed light on a few of them from a data protection perspective.
Virals, Memes, and the Lick's Circulation through Online Jazz Communities
Authors: JUDD HANNAH 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn 2011, Alex Heitlinger, a senior at New England Conservatory, uploaded the video ‘The Lick’ to YouTube. The 1′34″ compilation excerpted a range of performances that each deployed the same seven-note ‘lick’. This article explores the digital dissemination of videos and memes that feature the Lick, suggesting its function as a mimetic device users can deploy to signal their belonging and individuality within a larger jazz community. The Lick, in its formulaic deployment within these ‘insider’ spaces, moves away from improvisation and becomes a calling card for performers and listeners alike to determine a legitimate participant, on and offline. The Lick's online proliferation becomes a gimmick through its repetition, pointing to its hyper-presence and complaints about the excessive posts of the Lick becoming recycled into over-repeated jokes. I argue the Lick serves as the basis for a study of humour and gimmickry in jazz identity formation.
SPY1 inhibits neuronal ferroptosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by reducing lipid peroxidation through regulation of GCH1 and TFR1
Authors: Wang Di , Liang Weiwei , Huo Di , Wang Hongyong , Wang Ying , Cong Chaohua , Zhang Chunting , Yan Shi , Gao Ming , Su Xiaoli , Tan Xingli , Zhang Wenmo , Han Ling , Zhang Dongmei , Feng Honglin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFerroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death with the accumulation of lipid peroxidation and dysfunction of antioxidant systems. As the critical regulator, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) has been demonstrated to be down-regulated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the mechanism of ferroptosis in ALS remains unclear. In this research, bioinformatics analysis revealed a high correlation between ALS, ferroptosis, and Speedy/RINGO cell cycle regulator family member A (SPY1). Lipid peroxidation of ferroptosis in hSOD1G93A cells and mice was generated by TFR1-imported excess free iron, decreased GSH, mitochondrial membrane dysfunction, upregulated ALOX15, and inactivation of GCH1, GPX4. SPY1 is a “cyclin-like” protein that has been proved to enhance the viability of hSOD1G93A cells by inhibiting DNA damage. In our study, the decreased expression of SPY1 in ALS was resulted from unprecedented ubiquitination degradation mediated by MDM2 (a nuclear-localized E3 ubiquitin ligase). Further, SPY1 was identified as a novel ferroptosis suppressor via alleviating lipid peroxidation produced by dysregulated GCH1/BH4 axis (a resistance axis of ferroptosis) and transferrin receptor protein 1 (TFR1)-induced iron. Additionally, neuron-specific overexpression of SPY1 significantly delayed the occurrence and prolonged the survival in ALS transgenic mice through the above two pathways. These results suggest that SPY1 is a novel target for both ferroptosis and ALS.
Evidence for a robust sign-changing s-wave order parameter in monolayer films of superconducting Fe (Se,Te)/Bi2Te3
Authors: Chen Guannan , Aishwarya Anuva , Hirsbrunner Mark R. , Rodriguez Jorge Olivares , Jiao Lin , Dong Lianyang , Mason Nadya , Van Harlingen Dale , Harter John , Wilson Stephen D. , Hughes Taylor L. , Madhavan Vidya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Fe-based superconductor Fe (Se,Te) combines non-trivial topology with unconventional superconductivity and may be an ideal platform to realize exotic states such as high-order topological corner modes and Majorana modes. Thin films of Fe (Se,Te) are particularly important for device fabrication and phase sensitive transport measurements. While bulk Fe (Se,Te) has been extensively studied, the nature of the superconducting order parameter in the monolayer limit has not yet been explored. In this work, we study monolayer films of Fe (Se,Te) on Bi2Te3 with scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Monolayer Fe (Se,Te)/Bi2Te3 heterostructures host a multigap superconducting state that strongly resembles the bulk. Analysis of the phase-referenced quasiparticle interference signal reveals a sign-changing s-wave order parameter similar to the bulk as well as a unique pattern of sign changes which have not been observed in the bulk. Our work establishes monolayer Fe (Se,Te)/Bi2Te3 as a robust multi-band unconventional superconductor and sets the stage for explorations of non-trivial topology in this highly-tunable system.
A three-photon head-mounted microscope for imaging all layers of visual cortex in freely moving mice
Authors: Klioutchnikov Alexandr , Wallace Damian J. , Sawinski Juergen , Voit Kay-Michael , Groemping Yvonne , Kerr Jason N. D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAdvances in head-mounted microscopes have enabled imaging of neuronal activity using genetic tools in freely moving mice but these microscopes are restricted to recording in minimally lit arenas and imaging upper cortical layers. Here we built a 2-g, three-photon excitation-based microscope, containing a z-drive that enabled access to all cortical layers while mice freely behaved in a fully lit environment. The microscope had on-board photon detectors, robust to environmental light, and the arena lighting was timed to the end of each line-scan, enabling functional imaging of activity from cortical layer 4 and layer 6 neurons expressing jGCaMP7f in mice roaming a fully lit or dark arena. By comparing the neuronal activity measured from populations in these layers we show that activity in cortical layer 4 and layer 6 is differentially modulated by lit and dark conditions during free exploration.
Cleaning of LTCC, PEN, and PCB Au electrodes towards reliable electrochemical measurements
Authors: Fakhr Mahan Hosseinzadeh , Beshchasna Natalia , Balakin Sascha , Carrasco Ivan Lopez , Heitbrink Alexander , Göhler Fabian , Rösch Niels , Opitz Joerg 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSurface cleaning of the working electrode has a key role in improved electrochemical and physicochemical properties of the biosensors. Herein, chemical oxidation in piranha, chemical cleaning in potassium hydroxide-hydrogen peroxide, combined (electro-) chemical alkaline treatment, and potential cycling in sulfuric acid were applied to gold finish electrode surfaces deposited onto three different substrates; low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polyimide (PI), using three different deposition technologies; screen printing, inkjet printing, and electroplating (printed circuit board technology, PCB) accordingly. The effects of the (electro-) chemical treatments on the gold content and electrochemical responses of LTCC, PEN, and PCB applicable for aptamer-based sensors are discussed. In order to assess the gold surface and to compare the efficiency of the respective cleaning procedures; cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed. LTCC sensors electrochemically cycled in sulfuric acid resulted in the most gold content on the electrode surface, the lowest peak potential difference, and the highest charge transfer ability. While, for PEN, the highest elemental gold and the lowest peak-to-peak separation were achieved by a combined (electro-) chemical alkaline treatment. Gold content and electrochemical characteristics on the PCB surface with extremely thin gold layer could be slightly optimized with the chemical cleaning in KOH + H2O2. The proposed cleaning procedures might be generally applied to various kinds of Au electrodes fabricated with the same conditions comparable with those are introduced in this study.
Whole genome sequencing reveals epistasis effects within RET for Hirschsprung disease
Authors: Wang Yanbing , Mak Timothy Shin Heng , Dattani Saloni , Garcia-Barcelo Maria-Merce , Fu Alexander Xi , Yip Kevin Y. , Ngan Elly Sau-Wai , Tam Paul Kwang-Hang , Tang Clara Sze-Man , Sham Pak Chung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCommon variants in RET and NRG1 have been associated with Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), a congenital disorder characterised by incomplete innervation of distal gut, in East Asian (EA) populations. However, the allelic effects so far identified do not fully explain its heritability, suggesting the presence of epistasis, where effect of one genetic variant differs depending on other (modifier) variants. Few instances of epistasis have been documented in complex diseases due to modelling complexity and data challenges. We proposed four epistasis models to comprehensively capture epistasis for HSCR between and within RET and NRG1 loci using whole genome sequencing (WGS) data in EA samples. 65 variants within the Topologically Associating Domain (TAD) of RET demonstrated significant epistasis with the lead enhancer variant (RET+3; rs2435357). These epistatic variants formed two linkage disequilibrium (LD) clusters represented by rs2506026 and rs2506028 that differed in minor allele frequency and the best-supported epistatic model. Intriguingly, rs2506028 is in high LD with one cis-regulatory variant (rs2506030) highlighted previously, suggesting that detected epistasis might be mediated through synergistic effects on transcription regulation of RET. Our findings demonstrated the advantages of WGS data for detecting epistasis, and support the presence of interactive effects of regulatory variants in RET for HSCR.
Assessing the potential of solubility trapping in unconfined aquifers for subsurface carbon storage
Authors: Addassi Mouadh , Omar Abdirizak , Hoteit Hussein , Afifi Abdulkader M. , Arkadakskiy Serguey , Ahmed Zeyad T. , Kunnummal Noushad , Gislason Sigurdur R. , Oelkers Eric H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCarbon capture and storage projects need to be greatly accelerated to attenuate the rate and degree of global warming. Due to the large volume of carbon that will need to be stored, it is likely that the bulk of this storage will be in the subsurface via geologic storage. To be effective, subsurface carbon storage needs to limit the potential for CO2 leakage from the reservoir to a minimum. Water-dissolved CO2 injection can aid in this goal. Water-dissolved CO2 tends to be denser than CO2-free water, and its injection leads immediate solubility storage in the subsurface. To assess the feasibility and limits of water-dissolved CO2 injection coupled to subsurface solubility storage, a suite of geochemical modeling calculations based on the TOUGHREACT computer code were performed. The modelled system used in the calculations assumed the injection of 100,000 metric tons of water-dissolved CO2 annually for 100 years into a hydrostatically pressured unreactive porous rock, located at 800 to 2000 m below the surface without the presence of a caprock. This system is representative of an unconfined sedimentary aquifer. Most calculated scenarios suggest that the injection of CO2 charged water leads to the secure storage of injected CO2 so long as the water to CO2 ratio is no less than ~ 24 to 1. The identified exception is when the salinity of the original formation water substantially exceeds the salinity of the CO2-charged injection water. The results of this study indicate that unconfined aquifers, a generally overlooked potential carbon storage host, could provide for the subsurface storage of substantial quantities of CO2.
Analysis of medical service utilization for post-stroke sequelae in Korea between 2016 and 2018: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lee Hyun-Jun , Lim Yu-Cheol , Lee Ye-Seul , Kwon Seungwon , Lee Yoon Jae , Ha In-Hyuk 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this retrospective cross-sectional observational study, the medical service utilization of post-stroke sequelae patients was examined using a national patient sample. The Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patients Sample database was used to investigate the medical service utilization of 19,562 patients, diagnosed with post-stroke sequelae of cerebrovascular disease (I69) in Korea between January 2016 and December 2018. We compared the demographic characteristics, diagnosis code subtypes, frequency of healthcare utilization, medical costs, and comorbidities of standard care (SC) and Korean medicine (KM) users. Overall, patients aged ≥ 65 years accounted for the highest percentage, and utilization of medical services increased among patients aged ≥ 45 years. Outpatient care was higher among SC (79.23%) and KM (99.38%) users. Sequelae of cerebral infarction accounted for the highest percentage of diagnosis subtypes. Physical therapy and rehabilitation therapy were most frequent in SC, whereas injection/procedure and acupuncture were most frequent in KM. Cerebrovascular circulation/dementia drugs were prescribed most frequently in SC. Circulatory, digestive, endocrine, and metabolic disorders were the most common comorbidities in SC, whereas musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders were most common in KM. Overall, SC and KM users showed differences in the number of medical service claims, cost of care, and comorbidities. Our findings provide basic research data for clinicians, researchers, and policy makers.
Application of second-generation sequencing in congenital pulmonary airway malformations
Authors: Zhang Gang , Cai Chun , Li Xiao , Lou Lei , Zhou Bin , Zeng Huiyi , Yan Xiangang , Liu Dandan , Yu Gang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo investigate the differential expression of genes in whole transcripts of congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) using second-generation sequencing (also known as next-generation sequencing, NGS) technology. Children with CPAM were strictly screened after setting the criteria, and grouped by taking CPAM parietal tissue and CPAM lesion tissue respectively, and RNA-Seq libraries were established separately using second-generation sequencing technology, followed by differential expression analysis and GO (gene ontology) functional enrichment analysis, KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, a database) pathway analysis and GSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis) analysis. Five cases were screened from 36 children with CPAM, and high-throughput sequencing was performed to obtain 10 whole transcripts of samples with acceptable sequence quality and balanced gene coverage. One aberrantly expressed sample (3b) was found by analysis of principal components, which was excluded and then subjected to differential expression analysis, and 860 up-regulated genes and 203 down-regulated genes. GO functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes demonstrates the functional class and cellular localization of target genes. The whole transcript of CPAM shows obvious gene up and down-regulation, differentially expressed genes are located in specific cells and belong to different functional categories, and NGS can provide an effective means to study the transcriptional regulation of CPAM from the overall transcriptional level.
Study on time effect of residual pressure and bearing characteristics of jacked pile in saturated silt foundation
Authors: Jiu Yong-Zhi , Zhang Xiang-Yu , Zhu Yan-zhi , Zhang Zhen , Tian Guang-hui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe history of stress in soil mass and pile surface roughness significantly impacts the time effect of residual pressure at the pile end and bearing characteristics of the jacked pile. In this study, the impacts of soil over-consolidation ratio and pile surface roughness on the time effect of residual pressure and bearing characteristics of jacked pile end in saturated silt foundation are explored. Through the independently developed model test device for the vertical bearing characteristics of jacked pile, the driving of jacked pile with different pile surface roughness and static load tests at different resting phases are carried out on saturated silt foundations with different over-consolidation ratios. The model box is cylindrical in shape with a size of 40 cm × 48 cm (inner diameter × height) and is made of transparent tempered glass. The results show that: the increase in surface roughness of jacked pile in saturated silt foundation causes not only the increase in the pile side friction but also the increase in the pile end resistance during the static pressure sinking pile; the change laws on the residual pressure of pile end and limit friction resistance of pile side for jacked pile in saturated silt foundation vary with over-consolidation ratio of soil mass and the pile surface roughness.
One‐step synthesis of silver nanostructures using Heracleum persicum fruit extract, their cytotoxic activity, anti‐cancer and anti‐oxidant activities
Authors: Dehnoee Ali , Javad Kalbasi Roozbeh , Zangeneh Mohammad Mahdi , Delnavazi Mohammad‐Reza , Zangeneh Akram 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBio‐inspired techniques are used for synthesis in terms of application, green chemical research, facile, and eco‐friendly chemistry study of silver nanostructures utilizing plant extracts as natural reducing/stabilization and solid adjuvants without the use of toxic and damaging reagents. The present study investigates the biosynthesis of Ag nanoparticles via the mediation of the methanolic extract of Heracleum persicum seeds, without utilizing any stabilizer or surfactant. These nanostructures were identified utilizing ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. The attributes of AgNPs versus usual human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines that is, Hs 281.T, MDA‐MB‐468, AU565 [AU‐565], MCF7, CAMA‐1, SK‐BR‐3, NMU, and RBA were evaluated. The livability of breast adenocarcinoma cell line diminishes dose‐dependently in the existence of AgNPs. After clinical studies, AgNPs can be used as a green drug in the treatment of human breast adenocarcinoma.