bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Opportunities for Enabling Mutual Learning and Collaboration in Design and Innovation for Sustainable Development in Africa and Beyond
Authors: Nilsson S. , Shibwabo Kasamani B. , Hede Mortensen J. , Stevanovic D. , Wanyang M. , Norell Bergendahl M. , Papalambros P. Y. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlobal collaboration and mutual learning in design are put forth as means to address the UN SDGs. This paper draws upon experiences in the Design Society's AFRICA-DESIGN initiative to build a network of design academics and practitioners based in Africa with a focus on design for sustainable development. We identify education and social sustainability as particular opportunities and challenges, highlighting the critical element of mutual learning in the collaboration process.
Co-Designing with AI in Sight
Authors: Aranda-Muñoz Á. , Florin U. , Yamamoto Y. , Eriksson Y. , Sandström K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractArtificial Intelligence offers a wide variety of capabilities that can potentially address people's needs and desires in their specific contexts. This pilot study presents a collaborative method using a deck of AI cards tested with 58 production, AI, and information science students, and experts from an accessible media agency. The results suggest that, with the support of the method and AI cards, participants can ideate and reach conceptual AI solutions. Such conceptualisations can contribute to a more inclusive integration of AI solutions in society.
PSS Value Transformation: From Mass-Manufactured Vehicles to Provision of Mass-Customized Services – A Case Study of Designing and Prototyping Customized Digital Services for SAIC Motor in China
Authors: Yan Z. , Larsson T. , Larsson A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis work focuses on exploring how to transform the PSS strategy through conceptual design and prototyping to a way in which different stakeholders in the case car company – SAIC Motor – can experience and give feedback on the PSS strategy, analyze the impact of the PSS strategy on the process of customized digital service design in a traditional Chinese car company. Also, the work discusses how to increase the service value for different stakeholders in the overall PSS system.
Evaluation of an Affordance-Based Requirements Generation Tool for Speech And Language Therapeutic Toys
Authors: Balzan E. , Farrugia P. , Casha O. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTask clarification poses various challenges to designers as they need to understand the different needs of users before translating the requirements into specifications and aptly conceiving product concepts in the subsequent design stage. This paper presents a descriptive study for the evaluation of a framework and its implementation as a computer-based prototype tool, proposed to assist designers in generating and understanding affordance-based requirements for speech and language therapeutic toys. Results show that early design support is beneficial to both experienced and novice designers.
Driving Change in Complex Social Systems: How to Design Healthcare Pathways
Authors: Feldman A. , Patou F. , Maier A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHow does change occur in healthcare settings? In this paper, we take a design-based approach to healthcare research. From researcher-patient interactions to information sharing between practitioners, we examine how clinical research can mediate a change of routines and illuminate potential new system structures. Using a hospital-based cognitive care clinic as an example, we demonstrate how the inclusion of new actors, tools and resources was able to shed light on the prevalence of hearing loss among mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients and lay the framework for new care pathways.
MedTech Product Development Framework for Post-Pandemic Era
Authors: Glazkova N. , Menshenin Y. , Vasilev D. , Fortin C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA case study during pandemic revealed the major drawbacks of the traditional product development process for MedTech industry. Disruption of conventional manufacturing, urgent need for accelerated design and production, faster regulatory approval have challenged the industry. In this paper the conventional medical product development process is explored based on the intramuscular injector case study. The study revealed core areas for improvement of the medical devices development process. The paper proposes the Lean-Agile methodology with the incorporated elements of Concurrent Engineering.
Service Design Approach to Elevate the Patient Experience during Home X-Rays
Authors: Parikh R. M. , Shrivastav S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHealthcare services have evolved with advances in science, technology and societal needs. Despite being around for two decades, 'X-ray at Home' has seen limited adoption. Understanding its enablers and disablers can lead to insights to develop an accessible healthcare service ecosystem. Healthcare organisations have adopted design thinking to develop new products but healthcare service design is still in its introductory phase. This qualitative study describes the current state of home X-ray services in Mumbai and proposes touchpoints for raising awareness, acceptance and patient experience.
Are Confident Designers Good Teammates to Artificial Intelligence?: A Study of Self-Confidence, Competence, and Collaborative Performance
Authors: Chong L. , Kotovsky K. , Cagan J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFor successful human-artificial intelligence (AI) collaboration in design, human designers must properly use AI input. Some factors affecting that use are designers’ self-confidence and competence and those variables' impact on reliance on AI. This work studies how designers’ self-confidence before and during teamwork and overall competence are associated with their performance as teammates, measured by AI reliance and overall team score. Results show that designers’ self-confidence and competence have very different impacts on their collaborative performance depending on the accuracy of AI.
Collaborative Modeling of Use Case & Damage Scenarios in Online Workshops Using a 3D Environment
Authors: Japs S. , Schmidt S. , Kargl F. , Kaiser L. , Kharatyan A. , Dumitrescu R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe development of technical systems requires close cooperation of stakeholders from different disciplines. This collaboration takes place in workshops. Driven by digitalization and by the current pandemic such workshops take place primarily online. Suitable collaboration tools and methods are crucial to success. At the beginning of such workshops, use and damage scenarios are identified. In this paper, we presented a method and tool for identifying and modeling use and damage scenarios, which we evaluated in 14 online workshops with a total of 118 participants over a period of almost 3 years.
Enabling Distributed Teams – A Process Model for Early and Continuous Method Validation
Authors: Duehr K. , Grimminger J. , Rapp S. , Albers A. , Bursac N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNeglecting challenges of distributed collaboration can lead to significant efficiency and effectiveness losses in agile, distributed development teams. The EDiT method provides support for improving distributed collaboration of development teams. To ensure acceptance, applicability, and contribution to success in industrial development practice, it is necessary to validate the EDiT method. The goal of this contribution is the development of a process model for early and incremental validation of the EDiT method in the field finally leading to a validation of the EDiT method itself.
Concept of a Multi-Agent System for Optimised and Automated Engineering Change Implementation
Authors: Radisic-Aberger O. , Weisser T. , Saßmannshausen T. , Wagner J. , Burggräf P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEngineering changes are necessary to stay competitive, unavoidable and occur more frequently with increased product complexity. Currently, scheduling of engineering changes into production and supply chain is a manual process. With new possibilities in the field of artificial intelligence, this publication presents the vision of a flexible multi-agent system with four agents and a single shared database. By autonomously scheduling changes and predicting KPI impacts of implementation dates, the agent-system provides additional capacity and decision-making support to the organisation.
A Survey on the Challenges Hindering the Application of Data Science, Digital Twins and Design Automation in Engineering Practice
Authors: Rädler S. , Rigger E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDigital Engineering is an emerging trend and aims to support engineering design by integrating computational technologies like design automation, data science, digital twins, and product lifecycle management. To enable alignment of industrial practice with state of the art, an industrial survey is conducted to capture the status and identify obstacles that hinder implementation in the industry. The results show companies struggle with missing know-how and available experts. Future work should elaborate on methods that facilitate the integration of Digital Engineering in design practice.
A Machine Learning-Based Approach for Quick Evaluation of Live Simulations in Embodiment Design
Authors: Sauer C. , Gerschütz B. , Bernsdorf J. , Schleich B. , Wartzack S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSupporting product developers in early design phases with Live-Simulation can enhance the quality of early product designs. Live-Simulation can also facilitate a democratization of simulation and puts away pressure from simulation experts. In this paper, a machine learning based quick evaluation tool is proposed to support product developers in interpreting Live-Simulation results. The proposed tool enables a quick evaluation of the Live-Simulation results and enables product developers to further enhance their simulations. The tool is shown within a use case in bike rocker switch design.
User-Centred Co-Design in the Pandemic – A Reindeer Case
Authors: Ericson Å. , Lugnet J. , Silawiang H. , Eliasson L. , Wenngren J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn innovative design process which has been conducted under the restrictions during the covid-19 pandemic is in focus in this study. Visits were banned so user-centred design activities were particularly challenged by the necessity to meet and work online. The purpose of the study is to present and reflect on how user-centred design was done under those conditions. The potential users, the reindeer herders, were merely contacted online, the user investigation were supported by for example using videos and storytelling. Also, the final concept is presented.
Towards a Contemporary Design Framework for Systems-of-Systems Resilience
Authors: Dreesbeimdiek K. M. , von Behr C.-M. , Brayne C. , Clarkson P. J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn an increasingly interconnected world, changes of uncertain nature and impact affect the functioning of human societies that depend on health, ecological, and economic systems. The proposed framework for systems-of-systems resilience explains ways of accommodating and responding to these challenges while encompassing the interfaces of the health, environment, and economy domains and their effect on communities. Resilience is defined as a continuous process and we distinguish between four system properties, five resilience capacities, and a variety of system activities.
A Systems Thinking Approach to Data-Driven Product Development
Authors: Langen T. , Falk K. , Mansouri M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe amount of information in our society and its opportunities have given rise to Big Data research. The systems supplier industry needs suitable tools and methods to ensure the harvest and utilization of Big Data in their product development. This paper used Systems Thinking to analyze the current state in the industry and suggested leverage points for further research direction. The findings suggest that the research project should emphasize the industry cases, the collaboration between the companies and academia, develop a Big Data systems architecture, and maintain a socio-technical view.
Modeling of an Interface Between System Models and FEM Models for the Support of Model-Based Development in Modular Lightweight Design for Aircraft Cabins
Authors: Schwan L. , Hanna M. , Schwenke J. , Krause D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe modular lightweight design attempts to reconcile the partially conflicting goals between modularization and lightweight design in order to establish a harmonized modular hybrid design. This requires a close exchange of the resulting development data between the two areas. In this contribution a concept for an interface for the data exchange between system models and FEM models is presented and successfully implemented in the Cameo Systems Modeler and applied to examples from the aircraft cabin. With the interface the homogenization step of modular lightweight design can be performed.
Fault-Tolerant Function Development for Mechatronic Systems
Authors: Stetter R. , Pulm U. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe main focus of this paper is the exploration of fault accommodation possibilities in the context of function development. Faults occur in complex technical systems and may lead, if no accommodation entities or processes are present, to catastrophic failure. Several entities and processes exist and are applied, but mainly on the concrete levels. Faults very often concern more than one physical domain and accommodation possibilities are present in many physical or even non-physical domains. This paper explores this specific challenge and proposes an initial collection of countermeasures.
Capturing the Design Rationale in Model-Based Systems Engineering of Geo-Stations
Authors: Zech A. , Stetter R. , Rudolph S. , Till M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe design rationale describes the justification of design decision or selection. To avoid unnecessary design iterations, a capturing and documentation of this rationale is highly desirable. In digital engineering processes it is of imminent importance not only to document the evaluation processes behind this rationale but to make them repeatable and digitally executable. This allows to design a variety of product variants within an engineering framework. This paper explains an approach based on graph-based design languages and presents it based on a section of an automotive assembly system.
Factors Influencing the Exterior Design of Autonomous Passenger Drones: Literature Review
Authors: Chaturmutha K. M. , Mathew D. J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractElectric vertical take-off and landing aircraft (eVTOLs) have been accessed on various configurations over the past decade. This literature review deals with the issue of determining the appropriate design for an Autonomous Passenger Drone (APD). APDs have been compared with VTOLs on their pros and cons. The authors analysed aerodynamics and propulsion systems of multiple APDs. Further, the comparative analysis aids in designing the best framework for the exterior form of APDs based on human capacity, flying technology, fuel type, travel distance, door type, size, material, safety, cost, etc.
Assessing Social Behaviour Towards Near-Body Product Users in the Wild: A Review of Methods
Authors: De Boeck M. , Vleugels J. , Van Rooy D. , Vaes K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPrior to wide adoption, a product must find social approval, which is especially true for near-body products as they are considered part of the human body. Based on a theoretical foundation, this study aims to provide an overview of methods to assess natural behaviour towards users of visible near-body products in uncontrolled environments, i.e. in the wild. Approaching the matter from a product design perspective, this article is primarily intended for designers of near-body products who wish to gain insights into the social behaviour of people towards users wearing their design proposals.
Best Practices of Team-Building Activities in a Project-Based Learning Class 'Design Project' in a Japanese Graduate School
Authors: Akaki M. , Ioki M. , Mitomi K. , Maeno T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo indicate the effective team-building activities implemented independently by the students in a project-based learning class in higher education in Japan, we conducted semi-structured interviews with the students of the Design Project class held at a Japanese graduate school in 2020 and 2021. The interviewees are 12 students belonging to the top three teams regarding the evaluation of the final presentation. Based on the classifications of the comments, we indicate the best practices of team-building activities corresponding to the timing and team characteristics.
Storyboards as an Engineering Tool for Extraction of Functional Requirements
Authors: Čok V. , Vlah D. , Vukašinović N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn new product development courses, engineering students are introduced to the tools for addressing the functional or technical issues of the product. Problems arise when they need to empathise with the user to better understand how the product can be used in different contexts. To address this problem, we propose the use of storyboards as a tool to explore user behaviour and to clarify functions of the future product. The study results confirmed that storyboards are a suitable tool for understanding user-product interaction, however, the several problems encountered by the participants were outlined.
Emerging Material Research Trends: Fostering Critical Material Research in Design Students
Authors: Papile F. , Sossini L. , Marinelli A. , Del Curto B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSustainable production transition requires new paradigms and strategies, as well as alternative materials. Recently, an increasing number of innovative materials were developed. Such novelties greatly affected the design practice, widening the materic possibilities for designed products. However, traditional material classification does not apply well for these new materials trend. In this paper, the authors cooperated with design students to identify an iterative tracing activity of the new material trends for design, finalised to embed in the same work new tendencies that may rise in future.
Modularisation Metrics – Contrasting Industrial Practice and State-of-Research
Authors: Lennartsson D. , Raudberget D. , Sandkuhl K. , Seigerroth U. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn many industrial sectors, modularization of products and services is considered as an important contribution to increased efficiency and competitiveness. Research has developed many modularization approaches, however, there is a gap between industrial practice in modularization and state-of-research in this field, which partly is due to shortcomings in "measuring" the value and state of modularization. This papers contribution is an analysis of industrial real-world cases to contrast practice and research, and a compilation of metrics in the context of modular product design from research.
Design Automation Systems for the Product Development Process: Reflections from Five Industrial Case Studies
Authors: Vidner O. , Wehlin C. , Wiberg A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper presents five industrial cases where design automation (DA) systems supported by design optimization has been developed, and aims to summarize the lesson learned and identify needs for future development of such projects. By mapping the challenges during development and deployment of the systems, common issues were found in technical areas such as model integration and organizational areas such as knowledge transfer. The latter can be seen as a two-layered design paradox; one for the product that the DA system is developed for, and one for the development of the DA system.
Use of Margin to Absorb Variation in Design Specifications: An Analysis Using the Margin Value Method
Authors: Brahma A. , Wynn D. C. , Isaksson O. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPredicting the impact of changes in a design can be challenging, especially for complex designs. Margins are often built into the designs which can absorb the knock-on effect of such changes, erroneously allocating which can however, lead to propagation. A method for localising and sizing margins in an incremental design context is the Margin Value Method. This paper adapts MVM in the context of uncertainty in input specifications. It discusses possible ways to allocate them in a design such that undesirable effects of margins are minimised while preventing change propagation.
Unveiling the Construct of Design Thinking: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Oliveira M. , Zancul E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDesign thinking does not have a consensually defined construct in the academic literature. This foundational fragility hinders theory building in the field. This study addresses this gap by providing a construct of design thinking following guidelines for developing theory-building instruments. We propose a non-normative, comprehensive construct composed of a conceptual definition and a subset of properties that portray tangible design thinking expressions. The proposed construct aims to provide a grounded foundation to support the advancement of design thinking theory building and testing.
Knowledge Annotation within Research Data Management System for Oxygen-Free Production Technologies
Authors: Mozgova I. , Altun O. , Sheveleva T. , Castro A. , Oladazimi P. , Koepler O. , Lachmayer R. , Auer S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe comprehensive implementation of digital technologies in product manufacturing leads to changes in engineering processes and requires new approaches to data management. An important role belongs to the processes of organizing the collection, storage and reuse of research data obtained and used in the process of product, system or technology development, taking into account the FAIR data principles. This article describes a Research Data Management System for the organization of documentation and measurement requests in the research and development of new oxygen-free production technologies.
Exploring the Benefits of Remanufacture during Product Prototyping: A Cost and Time Based Analysis
Authors: Real R. M. , Snider C. , Hicks B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhilst remanufacture is identified as a key enabler for sustainable manufacture in future industry, its role within the context of new product development remains unclear. Where prototypes often go through multiple iterations with varying degrees of change, could remanufacture be adopted to reduce the time and cost components of design iteration? This paper presents a computational study to explore the potential savings afforded by remanufacture across stages of a rapid prototyping process. Results suggest significant reductions to development time and cost can be achieved.
Accessing the Inaccessible: Demonstrators as Sources of Tacit Knowledge
Authors: Sviridova A. , Stokhuijzen D. , Verlinden J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper highlights a recently identified by the community perspective of design research, so far described as “inaccessible”, discusses the potential of “designerly” way of approaching it in order to let designers excavate tacit knowledge from their own finished projects. We frame demonstrators as a category of design outcomes that can be a great source of such knowledge. Skills of empathy and intuition are called crucial for researchers to position themselves inside the design system looking inwards.