bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanically Resilient Graphene Assembly Microspheres with Interlocked N‐Doped Graphene Nanostructures Grown In Situ for Highly Stable Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Kim Young Hwan , Lee Geon‐Woo , Choi Yeon Jun , Choi Hun Seok , Kim Kwang‐Bum 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLi metal is considered the most attractive anode material for high‐energy Li batteries. However, the uncontrollable growth of Li dendrites and severe volume changes during Li plating and stripping inhibit the practical application of Li metal anodes. Herein, a synergistic strategy is developed not only to suppress Li dendrite growth but also to withstand repeated volume changes during long‐term cycling. Specifically, mechanically resilient graphene assembly microspheres with interlocked Ni/N‐doped lithiophilic graphene nanostructures grown in situ are developed as stable 3D graphene hosts for Li‐metal anodes. Importantly, the approach provides a novel strategy to control radial distribution of lithiophilic Ni nanocatalysts in the graphene assembly. These 3D graphene hosts can repeatedly guide the uniform deposition of Li owing to the high lithiophilicity of Ni nanocatalysts and the N‐doped graphene nanostructures. Furthermore, graphene nanoshell forms in situ between the graphene layers in the inner part of the graphene assembly, creating strong contacts between rGO layers and providing the 3D graphene host with high structural integrity. Notably, the approach emphasizes mechanical resilience of the 3D graphene host, which retains its initial morphology after repeated Li plating/stripping cycles. Consequently, the 3D graphene host maintains a highly stable coulombic efficiency of 99% over 500 cycles.
Multifunctional Wearable Thermoelectrics for Personal Thermal Management
Authors: Li Lei , Liu Wei‐Di , Liu Qingfeng , Chen Zhi‐Gang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the ever‐increasing demand for wearable electronics and energy‐saving technologies, self‐powered thermoelectric personal thermal management (PTM) has attracted extensive research interest. In this review, the unique characteristics of thermoelectric PTM comparing with other technologies are first highlighted, and the key parameters and fundamental functions of thermoelectric PTM are systematically summarized. Then, the advances in thermoelectric PTM are overviewed from the material design to the wearable device design viewpoints. Finally, the key challenges and future research directions of thermoelectric PTM, where both high‐performance flexible materials and proper device designs are in urgent need, are pointed out. This review will deliver a systematic understanding and guideline for thermoelectric PTM.
3D Bioprinting of Heterogeneous Constructs Providing Tissue‐Specific Microenvironment Based on Host–Guest Modulated Dynamic Hydrogel Bioink for Osteochondral Regeneration
Authors: Dai Wenli , Zhang Liwen , Yu Yingjie , Yan Wenqiang , Zhao Fenyuan , Fan Yifei , Cao Chenxi , Cai Qing , Hu Xiaoqing , Ao Yingfang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract3D bioprinting is a promising strategy to develop heterogeneous constructs that mimic osteochondral tissue. However, conventional bioprinted hydrogels suffer from intrinsically weak mechanical strength, limited cell adaptability, and no sustained release of biochemical drugs, restraining their use as bioinks to emulate native osteochondral extracellular matrix. Herein, a novel host–guest modulated dynamic hydrogel is developed for 3D bioprinting heterogeneous cell‐laden constructs for osteochondral regeneration. Apart from gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), this bioink consists of dopamine‐functionalized GelMA and acrylate β‐cyclodextrin and is crosslinked by host–guest interaction to develop the dynamic network for obtaining promoted cell adaptability, enhanced cell adhesion, reinforced mechanical strength, and tunable modulus. Moreover, based on the sustained drug release provided by the cavity of β‐cyclodextrin, a heterogeneous construct is constructed by employing kartogenin (a chondrogenic factor) into the upper zone with lower Young's modulus and melatonin (an osteogenic factor) into the bottom zone with higher modulus to mimic the osteochondral microenvironment. With the favorable regeneration results in vitro and in vivo, a broad application of this bioink in 3D bioprinting for tissues engineering is expected.
Structures, Properties, and Device Applications for [1]Benzothieno[3,2‐b]Benzothiophene Derivatives
Authors: Xie Pengshan , Liu Tianjiao , Sun Jia , Yang Junliang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract[1]benzothieno[3,2‐b]benzothiophene (BTBT), with two benzene rings as the outermost rings, is referred to as diacene‐fused ladder‐type π‐conjugated thienothiophenes. During the last three decades, derivatives based on BTBT core have been extensively studied due to their tremendous application prospects in organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) and organic optoelectronic devices. In order to further advance the development of organic electronics, new materials are constantly being synthesized and new methods are constantly evolving. This review mainly focuses on the crystal and electronic structures of BTBT derivatives, the soluble and thermal properties, the fabrication methods, as well as the strategies for performance improvement and optoelectronic applications including OFETs, photodetectors, synaptic devices, and organic light‐emitting transistors. As one of the most promising organic materials, the insight into BTBT‐based molecules will accelerate their potential application and provide important reference value for the development toward commercialized and industrialized organic semiconducting products.
A Multifunctional Composite Hydrogel That Rescues the ROS Microenvironment and Guides the Immune Response for Repair of Osteoporotic Bone Defects
Authors: Chen Qixin , Li Jiaying , Han Feng , Meng Qingchen , Wang Huan , Wei Qiang , Li Zexi , Li Feifei , Xie En , Qin Xiaoyan , Chen Song , Wang Weishan , Liu Chaoyong , Li Bin , Han Fengxuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBone repair in patients with osteoporosis remains a big challenge because their injury sites are often accompanied by an abnormal level of inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS is previously visualized, represented by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), in the bone defects. In this study, the H2O2 in osteoporosis animals is further visualized, and it is found that the expression of H2O2 is markedly higher than that in normal animals. Subsequently, a composite hydrogel containing manganese dioxide (MnO2)‐coated calcium phosphate microspheres loaded with fibroblast activating protein inhibitor (FAPi) is prepared. Among them, MnO2 is designed to act as an advanced army to eliminate H2O2 and generate oxygen, and constant release of FAPi is used to regulate the immune response and bone formation. In vitro experiments show that the hydrogels effectively reduce intracellular ROS, guide macrophages toward M2 polarization, and alleviate inflammation. Furthermore, the hydrogels enhance the osteogenesis and inhibit osteoclastogenesis. Animal experiments demonstrate that the hydrogels can eliminate ROS, regulate macrophages, and promote repair of osteoporotic bone defects. Together, the findings from this study imply that the multi‐pronged approach holds great promise to promote the repair of osteoporotic bone defects by rescuing the ROS microenvironment and guiding the immune response.
Are Liquid Metals Bulk Conductors?
Authors: Sanchez‐Botero Lina , Shah Dylan S. , Kramer‐Bottiglio Rebecca 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStretchable electronics have potential in wide‐reaching applications including wearables, personal health monitoring, and soft robotics. Many recent advances in stretchable electronics leverage liquid metals, particularly eutectic gallium‐indium (EGaIn). A variety of EGaIn electromechanical behaviors have been reported, ranging from bulk conductor responses to effectively strain‐insensitive responses. However, numerous measurement techniques have been used throughout the literature, making it difficult to directly compare the various proposed formulations. Here, the electromechanical responses of EGaIn found in the literature is reviewed and pure EGaIn is investigated using three electrical resistance measurement techniques: four point probe, two point probe, and Wheatstone bridge. The results indicate substantial differences in measured electromechanical behavior between the three methods, which can largely be accounted for by correcting for a fixed offset corresponding to the resistances of various parts of the measurement circuits. Yet, even accounting for several of these sources of experimental error, the average relative change in resistance of EGaIn is found to be lower than that predicted by the commonly used bulk conductor assumption, referred to as Pouillet's law. Building upon recent theories proposed in the literature, possible explanations for the discrepancies are discussed. Finally, suggestions are provided on experimental design to enable reproducible and interpretable research.
Microfluidic Printheads for Highly Switchable Multimaterial 3D Printing of Soft Materials
Authors: Hassan Islam , Selvaganapathy P. Ravi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExtrusion‐based 3D printing uses multiple printing nozzles to produce multimaterial combinations. It requires complex alignment and accuracy control as well as an effective start‐stop procedure to print intermittently, which has so far proven difficult to achieve. A recently developed simpler approach is to sequence the multimaterial inks through a single nozzle that will avoid both of these requirements. Although it has been successfully demonstrated for viscoelastic inks, adapting it to more widely available viscous inks is still a challenge. Here, a dynamically controllable multimaterial single‐nozzle 3D printing printhead is demonstrated that is capable of printing both viscous and viscoelastic materials. It uses pneumatically pulsed injection of multiple viscous inks into a central nozzle for printing. It is shown through simulations and experiments that a crucial but narrow range active reverse pressure in static reservoir(s) is essential to provide accurate switching in viscous inks, which is unlike viscoelastic inks that have a wider operating range and do not require a backflow control. Using this approach, high frequency and fast switching between four different viscous materials for pixelated printing of different materials which can be used to embed different functional properties in a variety of 2D and 3D shapes using commercially available polymers are demonstrated.
Molding 2D Exciton Flux toward Room Temperature Excitonic Devices
Authors: Qi Pengfei , Dai Yuchen , Luo Yang , Tao Guangyi , Qian Wenqi , Zhang Zeliang , Zhang Zhi , Zhang Tian Hao , Lin Lie , Liu Weiwei , Fang Zheyu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDevices operating with excitons have promising prospects for overcoming the dilemma of response time and integration in current generation of electron‐ or/and photon‐based elements and devices. In combination with the advantages of emerging twistronics and valleytronics, the atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors open up new opportunities for pursuing practical excitonic devices, where the strong exciton binding energy enables operating exciton at room temperature. The essential and foremost step toward exciton devices is the control of spatiotemporal exciton flux, which is density‐dependent and affected by the complex many‐body interactions. It can be effectively controlled by the strain, electric field, electron‐doping, and local dielectric environment. Intriguingly, exotic phenomena such as exciton condensation, electron‐hole liquid, exciton Hall effects, and exciton halo effects can be occurred in 2D exciton system, providing new possibilities for excitonic devices. Up to now, the proof‐of‐principle of room temperature exciton devices, including excitonic switching and transistor, exciton guides, and excitonic nanolaser, have been realized. Here the authors review the recent advances in molding 2D exciton flux from basic principle, manipulation, exotic phenomena to promising applications and discuss the opportunities and challenges in pushing the frontiers of room temperature excitonic devices.
Multicomponent Synthesis of Biologically Relevant S‐Diarylmethane Dithiocarbamates Using p‐Quinone Methides
Authors: Kumar Parida Sushanta , Kumar Hota Sudhir , Jaiswal Sonal , Singh Priyanka , Murarka Sandip 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA metal and base‐free, operationally simple, and scalable multicomponent approach towards the synthesis of S‐diarylmethane dithiocarbamates is reported. A range of structurally and electronically diverse p‐quinone methides are shown to react with a variety of amines, and carbon disulfide to furnish corresponding dithiocarbamates in good to excellent yields under mild conditions. Furthermore, p‐QMs embedded with aliphatic substituents are well accommodated. Importantly, these readily accessible compounds demonstrated promising anti‐proliferative activity in the low micromolar ranges in lung adenocarcinoma cells, reiterating the importance of the developed methodology.magnified image
Boosting the Ni‐Catalyzed Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of Anisole Using Scrap Catalytic Converters
Authors: Zuliani Alessio , Kikhtyanin Oleg , Cova Camilla Maria , Rodriguez‐Padron Daily , Kubička David , Luque Rafael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe large availability and renewable nature of lignin makes its upgrading to bioproducts of particular interest for sustainable development. The hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of anisole specifically represents a model reaction for the conversion of lignin to biofuels through the removal of the aromatic carbon‐oxygen bonds. To date, a range of Ni‐based catalysts have been reported as highly active systems for the HDO of anisole. However, there has been a substantial lack of consideration given to the environmental characteristics of these catalytic systems, in contrast with the scope of the sustainable production of biofuels. Herein, Ni‐based SiO2 catalysts are prepared by a solventless and highly efficient mechanochemistry approach, having a considerably lower environmental impact as compared to standard impregnation methods. Importantly, scrap catalytic converters (SCATs) are employed as co‐catalysts, proving the possibility of enhancing the catalytic HDO of anisole, with a scarcely exploited waste material. The results demonstrate that the combined use of Ni/SiO2 as catalysts and Ni/SCATs as co‐catalysts remarkably boosts the rate of the conversion of anisole up to more than 50% by achieving an almost complete conversion of anisole in only 40 min instead of at 200 °C and 4 MPa H2.
Strain Engineering of Energy Storage Performance in Relaxor Ferroelectric Thin Film Capacitors
Authors: Xu Shiqi , Shi Xiaoming , Pan Hao , Gao Rongzhen , Wang Jing , Lin Yuanhua , Huang Houbing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDielectric energy storage capacitors are receiving a great deal of attention owing to their high energy density and fast charging–discharging speed. The current energy storage density of dielectrics is relatively low and cannot meet the requirements of miniaturization of pulsed power equipment. Therefore, increasing the energy storage density of dielectrics has become a research hotspot. Herein, using phase‐field simulations to design polymorphic nanodomains, the strain engineering of energy storage performance of binary and ternary solid solution relaxor ferroelectric films is investigated. The results show that the energy storage performance of the ternary film is better than that of the binary film due to the polymorphic nanodomains. In addition, as the film in‐plane strain is modified from −2% to 2%, the energy density is improved by 80%, and the efficiency also increases from 52% to 77%. This work proves the remarkable energy storage performance of polymorphic films and provides a theoretical basis to optimize the energy‐storage performance of ferroelectric thin‐film capacitors by adjusting the misfit strain.
A Low Power‐consumption and Transient Nonvolatile Memory Based on Highly Dense All‐Inorganic Perovskite Films
Authors: Abbas Ghulam , Hassan Muhammad , Khan Qasim , Wang Haifei , Zhou Guigang , Zubair Muhammad , Xu Xiuru , Peng Zhengchun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInorganic perovskite‐based memory devices have attracted tremendous attention due to their higher level of stability, more feasible synthesis conditions and better performance, as compared to organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite‐based devices. However, better film morphology is an essential issue for the performance of these devices. Here, the all‐inorganic halide perovskite cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) films are successfully fabricated via a unique solution processable deposition method at ambient conditions. These films possess satisfactory surface morphology with high crystallinity. These are utilized for reproducible resistive switching layers in the gold/CsPbBr3/indium tin oxide/Glass memory applications. A series of resistive switching layers (i.e., CsPbBr3) with varied thicknesses in the range of 200–500 nm are precisely tailored. The resistive switching responses and retention properties of CsPbBr3 based‐memory devices exhibit long‐term retention (exceeding 10000 s), high on/off ratio (up to 10000), low power consumption (set voltage at 0.25V), and good reproducibility. A model for the formation of filaments in the CsPbBr3 layer is proposed to describe the resistive switching mechanism. Furthermore, the devices exhibit excellent transient behavior, which is beneficial for the security of data storage. These characteristics reveal that cesium lead halide based memristor is promising to be utilized as the next‐generation smart memory device.
Stacking‐Fault Enhanced Oxygen Redox in Li2MnO3
Authors: Li Xiang , Li Xinhao , Monluc Lisa , Chen Benjamin , Tang Mingxue , Chien Po‐Hsiu , Feng Xuyong , Hung Ivan , Gan Zhehong , Urban Alexander , Hu Yan‐Yan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLattice oxygen redox yields anomalous capacity and can significantly increase the energy density of layered Li‐rich transition metal oxide cathodes, garnering tremendous interest. However, the mechanism behind O redox in these cathode materials is still under debate, in part due to the challenges in directly observing O and following associated changes upon electrochemical cycling. Here, with 17O NMR as a direct probe of O activities, it is demonstrated that stacking faults enhance O redox participation compared with Li2MnO3 domains without stacking faults. This work is concluded by combining both ex situ and in situ 17O NMR to investigate the evolution of O at 4i, 8j sites from monoclinic C2/m and 6c(1), 6c(2), 6c(3) sites from the stacking faults (P3112). These measurements are further corroborated and explained by first‐principles calculations finding a stabilization effect of stacking faults in delithiated Li2MnO3. In situ 17O NMR tracks O activities with temporal resolution and provides a quantitative determination of reversible O redox versus irreversible processes that form short covalent OO bonds. This work provides valuable insights into the O redox reactions in Li‐excess layered cathodes, which may inspire new material design for cathodes with high specific capacity.
Risk factors and long‐term postoperative outcomes in patients with postoperative dysphagia after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Sugase Takahito , Miyata Hiroshi , Sugimura Keijiro , Kanemura Takashi , Takeoka Tomohira , Yamamoto Masaaki , Shinno Naoki , Hara Hisashi , Omori Takeshi , Yano Masahiko 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimDysphagia is one of the most common complications after esophagectomy. However, no study has investigated the long‐term postoperative outcomes in patients with postoperative dysphagia. Here, we aimed to identify risk factors for postoperative dysphagia and to investigate long‐term postoperative outcomes in such patients.MethodsThis study included 304 consecutive patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who underwent curative esophagectomy. They were diagnosed with postoperative dysphagia through a contrast videofluoroscopic swallowing study, and postoperative outcomes were compared based on swallowing function.ResultsIn total, 112 patients (37%) were diagnosed with postoperative dysphagia. Older age, low BMI, and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy were identified as independent risk factors for postoperative dysphagia. In the dysphagia group, a significantly larger number of patients developed in‐hospital pneumonia, and hospital stays were also significantly extended. After discharge, 37 (33%) patients with postoperative dysphagia developed pneumonia. Even more than 1 year after esophagectomy, a significantly larger number of patients (24 patients, 21%) with postoperative dysphagia developed pneumonia compared to those without postoperative dysphagia. Postoperative dysphagia was identified as an independent risk factor for out‐of‐hospital pneumonia. Regarding nutritional status, there was no difference in weight loss 1 year after esophagectomy, but significant weight loss was observed 2 years after esophagectomy in the dysphagia group.ConclusionPostoperative dysphagia was associated with both preoperative patient factors and surgical factors. Moreover, patients with postoperative dysphagia had long‐term and short‐term pneumonia risk. The personalization of long‐term follow‐up through more aggressive rehabilitation and nutritional guidance is required for patients with postoperative dysphagia.
Health‐related quality of life in patients with light chain amyloidosis treated with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone ± daratumumab: Results from the ANDROMEDA study
Authors: Sanchorawala Vaishali , Palladini Giovanni , Minnema Monique C. , Jaccard Arnaud , Lee Hans C. , Gibbs Simon , Mollee Peter , Venner Christopher , Lu Jin , Schönland Stefan , Gatt Moshe , Suzuki Kenshi , Kim Kihyun , Cibeira María Teresa , Beksac Meral , Libby Edward , Valent Jason , Hungria Vania , Wong Sandy W. , Rosenzweig Michael , Bumma Naresh , Chauveau Dominique , Gries Katharine S. , Fastenau John , Tran Nam Phuong , Qin Xiang , Vasey Sandra Y. , Weiss Brendan M. , Vermeulen Jessica , Ho Kai Fai , Merlini Giampaolo , Comenzo Raymond L. , Kastritis Efstathios , Wechalekar Ashutosh D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the phase 3 ANDROMEDA trial, patients treated with daratumumab, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (D‐VCd) had significantly higher rates of organ and hematologic response compared with patients who received VCd alone. Here, we present patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) from the ANDROMEDA trial. PROs were assessed through cycle 6 using three standardized questionnaires. Treatment effect through cycle 6 was measured by a repeated‐measures, mixed‐effects model. The magnitude of changes in PROs versus baseline was generally low, but between‐group differences favored the D‐VCd group. Results were generally consistent irrespective of hematologic, cardiac, or renal responses. More patients in the D‐VCd group experienced meaningful improvements in PROs; median time to improvement was more rapid in the D‐VCd group versus the VCd group. After cycle 6, patients in the D‐VCd group received daratumumab monotherapy and their PRO assessments continued, with improvements in health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) reported through cycle 19. PROs of subgroups with renal and cardiac involvement were consistent with those of the intent‐to‐treat population. These results demonstrate that the previously reported clinical benefits of D‐VCd were achieved without decrement to patients' HRQoL and provide support of D‐VCd in patients with AL amyloidosis.