bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Better detection of reduced motor functioning in brain tumor survivors based on objective motor assessments: an incentive for improved standardized follow-up
Authors: Gielis Marjoke , Dirix Veerle , Vanderhenst Ellen , Uyttebroeck Anne , Feys Hilde , Sleurs Charlotte , Jacobs Sandra 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLong-term sequelae are well-known in childhood brain tumor survivors, but motor functioning remains poorly described. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess objective motor functioning, patient-specific risk factors, and parental perceptions. Fifty-two childhood brain tumor patients (pilocytic astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, and other types) who were at least 6 months out of treatment were evaluated. Mean age at testing was 11.7 years. Objective motor functioning was assessed with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2-NL) and/or Bruininks-Oseretsky test of motor proficiency (BOT-2). Functional walking capacity was assessed with the 6-min walk test (6MWT). Parent-reported motor functioning was addressed using the ABILHAND-Kids, ABILOCO-Kids questionnaires, and a standardized anamnesis. Patients showed impaired motor functioning in all domains (p < 0.001). Regarding risk factors, younger age at diagnosis (< 5 year) was significantly associated with lower scores on body coordination (p = 0.006). Adjuvant treatment resulted in lower scores for fine manual control of the BOT-2 (p = 0.024) and balance of MABC-2-NL (p = 0.036). Finally, questionnaires revealed an underestimation of motor problems as perceived by the parents. In conclusion, many children who are in follow-up for a brain tumor show impaired motor functioning on multiple aspects, with younger age at diagnosis and adjuvant treatment as specific risk factors. Based on the questionnaires and anamnesis, motor problems appear to be underestimated by the parents. Conclusion: These findings point to the need for timely prospective screening of motor functioning. Based on a screening assessment, adequate rehabilitation programs can be applied in childhood brain tumor survivors, aiming to reduce the adverse impact on their daily lives, both for functional activities and cardiovascular fitness.

What is Known:• A pediatric brain tumor and its treatment are associated with potential long-term motor sequelae.• Test assessments could enable us to objectify motor functioning of these patients.

What is New:• Pediatric brain tumors survivors show lower motor performance compared to the norm, which is often underestimated by parents.• Younger age at diagnosis and adjuvant treatment could be specific risk factors.
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1) is an independent biomarker associated with a favorable prognosis in esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Damanakis Alexander , Plum Patrick Sven , Gebauer Florian , Schröder Wolfgang , Büttner Reinhard , Zander Thomas , Bruns Christiane Josephine , Quaas Alexander 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Despite modern multimodal therapeutic regimens, the prognosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is still poor and there is a lack of biological markers estimating the patients’ prognosis. Fructose-1,6-biphosphatase (FBP1) is a key enzyme in gluconeogenesis and is associated with tumor initiation in several cancers. Therefore, this study aims to characterize its implication for EAC patients.

Methods and materials
A total of 571 EAC patients who underwent multimodal treatment between 1999 and 2017 were analyzed for FBP1 expression using immunohistochemistry.

Results
82.5% of the EACs show FBP1 expression in the tumor albeit with different intensities categorizing specimens accordingly into score 0 (no expression), score 1 (weak expression), score 2 (moderate expression) and score 3 (strong expression) (score 1 = 25.0%, score 2 = 35.9%, score 3 = 21.5%). Intratumoral FBP1 expression was significantly associated with a better prognosis (p = 0.024). This observation was particularly relevant among patients who received primary surgery without neoadjuvant treatment (p = 0.004). In multivariate analysis, elevated FBP1 expression was an independent biomarker associated with a favorable prognosis.

Discussion
Despite being associated with a favorable prognosis, the majority of patients with high FBP1 expression also require individualized therapy options to ensure long-term survival. Recently, it has been shown that the presence of the FBP1 protein increases the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to the bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitor JQ1.

Conclusion
We described for the first time the prognostic and possibly therapeutic relevance of FBP1 in EAC. The efficiency of the BET inhibitor in EAC should be verified in clinical studies and special attention should be paid to the effects of neoadjuvant therapy on FBP1 expression.
Mixed strain/stress gradient loadings for FFT-based computational homogenization methods
Authors: Kabel Matthias 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this article, the Lippmann–Schwinger equation for nonlinear elasticity at small-strains is extended by mixed strain/stress gradient loadings. Such problems occur frequently, for instance when validating computational results with three-point bending tests, where the strain in the bending direction varies linearly over the thickness of the sample. To control all components of the effective strain/stress gradient the periodic boundary conditions are combined with constraints that enforce the periodically deformed boundary to approximate the kinematically fully prescribed boundary in an average sense. The resulting fixed point and Fletcher–Reeves algorithms preserve the positive characteristics of existing FFT-algorithms, like low memory consumption and extraordinary computational speed. The accuracy and power of the proposed methods is demonstrated with a series of numerical examples, including continuous fiber reinforced laminate materials.
Output feedback control with prescribed performance via funnel pre-compensator
Authors: Lanza Lukas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe study output reference tracking of systems with high relative degree via output feedback only; this is, tracking where the output derivatives are unknown. To this end, we prove that the conjunction of the funnel pre-compensator with a minimum phase system of arbitrary relative degree yields a system of the same relative degree which is minimum phase as well. The error between the original system’s output and the pre-compensator’s output evolves within a prescribed performance funnel; moreover, the derivatives of the funnel pre-compensator’s output are known explicitly. Therefore, output reference tracking with prescribed transient behaviour of the tracking error is possible without knowledge of the derivatives of the original system’s output; via funnel control schemes for instance.
Locally fitting hyperplanes to high-dimensional data
Authors: Hou M. , Kambhampati C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractProblems such as data compression, pattern recognition and artificial intelligence often deal with a large data sample as observations of an unknown object. An effective method is proposed to fit hyperplanes to data points in each hypercubic subregion of the original data sample. Corresponding to a set of affine linear manifolds, the locally fitted hyperplanes optimally approximate the object in the sense of least squares of their perpendicular distances to the sample points. Its effectiveness and versatility are illustrated through approximation of nonlinear manifolds Möbius strip and Swiss roll, handwritten digit recognition, dimensionality reduction in a cosmological application, inter/extrapolation for a social and economic data set, and prediction of recidivism of criminal defendants. Based on two essential concepts of hyperplane fitting and spatial data segmentation, this general method for unsupervised learning is rigorously derived. The proposed method requires no assumptions on the underlying object and its data sample. Also, it has only two parameters, namely the size of segmenting hypercubes and the number of fitted hyperplanes for user to choose. These make the proposed method considerably accessible when applied to solving various problems in real applications.
Contact guidance as a consequence of coupled morphological evolution and motility of adherent cells
Authors: Ippolito Alberto , DeSimone Antonio , Deshpande Vikram S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAdherent cells seeded on substrates spread and evolve their morphology while simultaneously displaying motility. Phenomena such as contact guidance, viz. the alignment of cells on patterned substrates, are strongly linked to the coupling of morphological evolution with motility. Here, we employ a recently developed statistical thermodynamics framework for modelling the non-thermal fluctuating response of cells to probe this coupling. This thermodynamic framework is first extended via a Langevin style model to predict temporal responses of cells to unpatterned and patterned substrates. The Langevin model is then shown to not only predict the different experimentally observed temporal scales for morphological observables such as cell area and elongation but also the interplay of morphology with motility that ultimately leads to contact guidance.
Experimental investigations of the human oesophagus: anisotropic properties of the embalmed muscular layer under large deformation
Authors: Durcan Ciara , Hossain Mokarram , Chagnon Grégory , Perić Djordje , Bsiesy Lara , Karam Georges , Girard Edouard 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe oesophagus is a primarily mechanical organ whose material characterisation would aid in the investigation of its pathophysiology, help in the field of tissue engineering, and improve surgical simulations and the design of medical devices. However, the layer-dependent, anisotropic properties of the organ have not been investigated using human tissue, particularly in regard to its viscoelastic and stress-softening behaviour. Restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic meant that fresh human tissue was not available for dissection. Therefore, in this study, the layer-specific material properties of the human oesophagus were investigated through ex vivo experimentation of the embalmed muscularis propria layer. For this, a series of uniaxial tension cyclic tests with increasing stretch levels were conducted at two different strain rates. The muscular layers from three different cadaveric specimens were tested in both the longitudinal and circumferential directions. The results displayed highly nonlinear and anisotropic behaviour, with both time- and history-dependent stress-softening. The longitudinal direction was found to be stiffer than the circumferential direction at both strain rates. Strain rate-dependent behaviour was apparent, with an increase in strain rate resulting in an increase in stiffness in both directions. Histological analysis was carried out via various staining methods; the results of which were discussed with regard to the experimentally observed stress-stretch response. Finally, the behaviour of the muscularis propria was simulated using a matrix-fibre model able to capture the various mechanical phenomena exhibited, the fibre orientation of which was driven by the histological findings of the study.
On the divergence of Birkhoff Normal Forms
Authors: Krikorian Raphaël 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIt is well known that a real analytic symplectic diffeomorphism of the $2d$
2
d
-dimensional disk ($d\geq 1$
d
≥
1
) admitting the origin as a non-resonant elliptic fixed point can be formally conjugated to its Birkhoff Normal Form, a formal power series defining a formal integrable symplectic diffeomorphism at the origin. We prove in this paper that this Birkhoff Normal Form is in general divergent. This solves, in any dimension, the question of determining which of the two alternatives of Pérez-Marco’s theorem (Ann. Math. (2) 157:557–574, 2003) is true and answers a question by H. Eliasson. Our result is a consequence of the fact that when $d=1$
d
=
1
the convergence of the formal object that is the BNF has strong dynamical consequences on the Lebesgue measure of the set of invariant circles in arbitrarily small neighborhoods of the origin. Our proof, as well as our results, extend to the case of real analytic diffeomorphisms of the annulus admitting a Diophantine invariant torus.
Composition and Structure Analysis of Hard Grey Scale (HGS) Formed on Cold Surfaces Exposed to Aluminium Production Off-gas
Authors: Clos Daniel Perez , Zedel Hannes , Johnsen Sverre Gullikstad , Nekså Petter , Aune Ragnhild Elizabeth 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHard grey scale (HGS) is a strongly adhering fouling material forming on solid surfaces impinged by off-gas generated in the pot cells of primary aluminium production plants. Even though associated maintenance costs have a significant economic impact, the mechanisms behind HGS formation are not well understood. In the present work, a cooled fouling probe or “cold finger” placed in the off-gas duct, upstream of the gas treatment centre (GTC), at a Norwegian aluminium production site was used to study the formation mechanisms of HGS. Fouling experiments were performed with durations ranging from a few hours to several months. HGS formed on the windward side of the probe, whereas dusty and loosely attached deposits accumulated on the leeward side. The chemical composition and crystal phase evolution of the different deposits and off-gas particle samples were analysed by electron probe micro-analyser equipped with an energy-dispersive spectrometer (EPMA-EDS), quantitative x-ray diffraction (Q-XRD), LECO-C and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, image analysis (IA) was used to investigate the particle size distribution and deposition properties of particles with different compositions. Inertial deposition of atmolite (NaAlF4) nanoparticles, produced by pot cell electrolyte vapour condensation, has been identified as the key mechanism in the formation of HGS.
Involvement of the Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels L- P/Q- and N-Types in Synapse Elimination During Neuromuscular Junction Development
Authors: Garcia Neus , Hernández Pablo , Lanuza Maria A. , Tomàs Marta , Cilleros-Mañé Víctor , Just-Borràs Laia , Duran-Vigara Maria , Polishchuk Aleksandra , Balanyà-Segura Marta , Tomàs Josep 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
During the nervous system development, synapses are initially overproduced. In the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) however, competition between several motor nerve terminals and the synapses they made ends with the maturation of only one axon. The competitive signaling between axons is mediated by the differential activity-dependent release of the neurotransmitter ACh, co-transmitters, and neurotrophic factors. A multiple metabotropic receptor-driven downstream balance between PKA and PKC isoforms modulates the phosphorylation of targets involved in transmitter release and nerve terminal stability. Previously, we observed in the weakest endings on the polyinnervated NMJ that M1 mAChR receptors reduce ACh release through the PKC pathway coupled to an excess of Ca2+ inflow through P/Q- N- and L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC). This signaling would contribute to the elimination of this nerve terminal. Here, we investigate the involvement of the P/Q-, N-, and L-subtype channels in transgenic B6.Cg-Tg (Thy1-YFP)16-Jrs/J mice during synapse elimination. Then, the axon number and postsynaptic receptor cluster morphologic maturation were evaluated. The results show that both L- and P/Q-type VGCC (but not the N-type) are equally involved in synapse elimination. Their normal function favors supernumerary axonal loss by jointly enhancing intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i. The block of these VGCCs or [Ca2+]i  i sequestration results in the same delay of axonal loss as the cPKCβI and nPKCε isoform block or PKA activation. The specific block of the muscle cell’s contraction with μ-conotoxin GIIIB also delays synapse maturation, and thus, a retrograde influence from the postsynaptic site regulating the presynaptic CaV1.3 may contribute to the synapse elimination.
Migrant Entrepreneurs as Agents of Development? Geopolitical Context and Transmobility Strategies of Colombian Migrants Returning from Venezuela
Authors: Riaño Yvonne 
Published: April 2022

AbstractReturnee entrepreneurs are often represented in migration and development discourses as agents of development. This assumes that they acquire valuable socio-economic resources abroad which help them to create successful businesses upon return. However, we have scant knowledge of the impact of the geopolitical context on returnee entrepreneurs or their coping strategies. Latin American returnees in particular have received little attention and few studies focus on migrants with ‘South-to-South’ return trajectories. Emphasising the role of territorial conflicts and the agency of individuals, I use a feminist geopolitical perspective to address these gaps. I contribute to migration, mobility, and development studies by studying whether Colombian migrants returning from Venezuela can reintegrate as successful entrepreneurs. Further, I offer the concept of transmobilities to study the cross-border nature of strategies of reintegration. The 30 returnees studied have a trajectory of repeated forced mobilities, ranging from internal displacement in Colombia, subsequent emigration to Venezuela, and final deportation to Colombia by Venezuela’s government. I combine the qualitative methods of multi-sited ethnography, biographical interviews, mental maps, and participatory Minga workshops. The analysis shows that Colombian returnees face intense difficulties in reintegrating despite their strong motivation and entrepreneurial spirit. The geopolitical context of armed struggle, an absent Colombian state, and territorial conflicts between Colombia and Venezuela create an unfavourable environment for returnee entrepreneurs. Consequently, they develop transmobility strategies — including the movement of people, goods, and capital across national borders — at the risk of their own lives. The simplistic discourse of returnees as agents of development needs to be revised.
Bifurcations and dynamics of a discrete predator–prey model of ricker type
Authors: Hamada M. Y. , El-Azab Tamer , El-Metwally H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA discrete-time predator–prey model is investigated in this paper. In considered model, the population is assumed to follow the model suggested by Ricker 1954. Existence and stability of equilibria are studied. Numerical simulations reveal that, depending on the parameters, the system has complicated and rich dynamics and can exhibit complex patterns. Also the bifurcation diagrams are presented.
Exploring the association between agricultural production systems and household diets in Viet Nam
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Arkadeep , Azzarri Carlo , Haile Beliyou , Kim Chungmann , Alvarez Cristina , Moltedo Ana , Sattar Abdul , Bell Winnie , Rogers Beatrice L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe government of Viet Nam promotes an integrated and diversified production system that focuses on the symbiotic relationship of livestock, aquaculture, and fruits and vegetables (F&V), locally known as Vuon Ao Chuong (VAC). The expectation is that this system can prevent soil degradation, while improving dietary quality and income. This study examines the correlation between VAC production systems and diets using cross-sectional data from the 2016 round of the Viet Nam Household Living Standards Survey (VHLSS). Using ordinary least squares, we model four continuous outcome variables related to quantity consumed of fruits and vegetables, fiber, animal protein, and dietary energy; while using logistical regression, we model three indicator variables related to whether diets are balanced in terms of intake of dietary energy derived from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. While individual components of VAC, such as aquaculture or F&V production, show a positive correlation with one or more dietary indicators, adoption of the full VAC system is found to be positively correlated only with dietary fiber consumption, making it challenging to establish a causal link between system adoption and improved dietary quality. However, we find that several socioeconomic variables, such as access to markets, household wealth, education of the household members, and household size are positively associated with one or more dietary indicators. Further research is needed to establish strong and causal relationships, or lack thereof, between VAC system and diets by exploiting the panel structure of VHLSS to examine the role of VAC in improving nutritional outcomes in Viet Nam.
Association Between Dispositional Mindfulness, Clinical Characteristics, and Emotion Regulation in Women Entering Substance Use Disorder Treatment: an fMRI Study
Authors: Droutman Vita , Poppa Tasha , Monterosso John , Black David , Amaro Hortensia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Dispositional mindfulness (DM) is associated with emotion regulation (ER) in healthy populations and may be protective for individuals with substance use disorders (SUD). We tested hypotheses concerning the associations of DM with ER, mental health symptoms, drug use severity, and behavioral and brain metabolic responses during an emotional Go-Nogo task.

Methods
Women entering an SUD treatment program (N = 245) self-reported on the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ); Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21); Addiction Severity Index (ASI); and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). A subgroup of 45 women completed the emotional Go-Nogo task while undergoing fMRI. Associations between DM and self-reported ER and clinical characteristics were tested in the full sample. Associations between DM and behavioral and neural responses during the Go-Nogo emotion regulation challenge were tested in the fMRI sub-sample.

Results
In the full sample, FFMQ correlated with DASS-stress (r =  − .43, p < .0001), DASS-depression (r =  − .52, p < .0001), DASS-anxiety (r =  − .32, p < .0001), DERS (r =  − .66, p < .0001), and ASI-Drug scores (r =  − .28, p < .0001). In the subsample, inhibition of the natural avoidance response while approaching a fearful stimulus recruited activity in the inferior frontal gyrus and the insular cortex (IC). Activity in the IC cluster was positively correlated with FFMQ scores (r = 0.38, p = .015). FFMQ scores correlated with activation in the striatum and IC during face processing.

Conclusions
Among women with SUD, DM beneficially correlated with ER, mental-health symptoms, addiction severity, and recruitment of neural substrates underlying ER.