bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pelvic incidence-guided reduction in transverse parts of U-shaped sacral fractures: Technical recommendations
Authors: He Li , Gong Song , Li Tianyu , Gu Meiqi , Xu Zhe , Chen Hua , Yi Chengla 
Published: December 2022

Objective The purpose of this study is to present a surgical technique that simultaneously reduces and fixates the transverse parts of U-shaped sacral fractures. Methods The sacral fracture was exposed through a posterior median approach. In a flexion injury, the rotation of the lower sacral segment is reduced by distraction along a pre-curved rod. Then, lordotic restoration is performed with a Weber clamp placed at the lower sacral segment through dragging. In an extension injury, longitudinal distraction is performed along the spinopelvic rod to reduce the vertical displacement. Next, the transverse displacement is reduced by a dissector placed between the upper and lower sacral segments through levering. The sagittal reduction on the lateral pelvic view was judged by PI. A regression analysis of Oswestry disability index (ODI) with Z-scores of PI, lumbar lordosis (LL), sacral slope (SS), and pelvic tilt (PT) was performed. Results At the 1-year follow-up, the average PI, LL, SS, and PT values were 51.6 (range: 43.1–76.0), 44.8 (34.6 – 60.1), 35.4 (18.1 – 48.0), and 16.7 (2.2–35.4) degrees, respectively. All patients were able to maintain an upright stance. The average ODI was 27.6% (2–72%). Surprisingly, the regression analysis demonstrated a significant linear relationship between ODI and LL ( R2 = 0.367, p = .048) but not between ODI and PI (R2 = 0.227, p = .138). Conclusions Using PI as guidance, the surgical procedures were helpful to reduce the PI of transverse sacral fractures into the normal range. However, the relationship between PI and the prognosis remains to be evaluated by future researches.
Use of Palliative Oxygen in Cancer Patients
Authors: Gosselin Caroline , Côté Mélanie , Tremblay Lise , Lacasse Yves 
Published: December 2022

Background: Despite the lack of evidence to support the use of palliative oxygen to relieve dyspnea at the end of life, its prescription is widespread and often supported by local and national practice guidelines. Objectives: The objectives of this study were (1) to determine to what extent oxygen prescriptions meet the proposed prescription criteria in our institution, (2) to examine the indication of individual prescriptions in relation to the severity of dyspnea and (3) to review the utilization of opioids in patients receiving palliative oxygen. Methods: Retrospective chart review of cancer patients who were prescribed palliative oxygen between April 2015 and January 2020 through a respiratory home care program in Quebec City, Canada. According to provincial prescription guidelines, palliative oxygen was provided and reimbursed in case of severe hypoxemia (pulse oximetry saturation at rest < 88%) in cancer patients with an estimated prognosis of less than 3 months. Results: 134 patients receiving palliative oxygen were included; 25 (19%) did not fulfill reimbursement criteria. Median survival was 44 days. At initiation of palliative oxygen, 48 patients (36%) had only mild or moderate dyspnea (Medical Research Council dyspnea score 1-3), 26 (19%) did not receive opioids, and 9 (7%) were prescribed palliative oxygen without being dyspneic or receiving opioids. Conclusion: Most prescriptions of palliative oxygen met the proposed prescription criteria in our institution. Half of those who received palliative oxygen were only mildly dyspneic and/or were not receiving opioids at the time of the prescription.
Pregnancy and post-partum in patients with myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease
Authors: Carra-Dallière Clarisse , Rollot Fabien , Deschamps Romain , Ciron Jonathan , Vukusic Sandra , Audoin Bertrand , Ruet Aurélie , Maillart Elisabeth , Papeix Caroline , Zephir Hélène , Laplaud David , Cohen Mikael , Bourre Bertrand , El-Bahi Illiasse , Labauge Pierre , Casey Romain , Ayrignac Xavier , Marignier Romain 
Published: December 2022

Background and objective: Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) frequently initiates during childbearing years. This study investigated the impact of pregnancy and post-partum on MOGAD activity. Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical and demographic data from a multicenter French cohort of adult patients with MOGAD. All adult female patients who had a pregnancy after disease onset or in the year before disease onset were included. The annualized relapse rate was evaluated in patients who had a pregnancy after disease onset, to evaluate the impact of pregnancy and post-partum on MOGAD course. Results: Twenty-five informative pregnancies after disease onset were identified. No relapse was recorded during these pregnancies and only three relapses occurred during the first 3 months post-partum. The annualized relapse rate decreased from 0.67 (95% confidence interval: 0.40–1.10) during the pre-pregnancy period to 0 (95% confidence interval: 0–0.21) during pregnancy and to 0.22 (95% confidence interval: 0.09–0.53) during the first year post-partum. Among 144 female patients in their childbearing age recorded in the database, 18 (12.5%) reported their first symptoms during pregnancy or in the 12 months post-partum. Discussion: Our study suggests a marked reduction of MOGAD relapse rate during pregnancy and the post-partum period. Prospective studies on the role of pregnancy and delivery in MOGAD course are needed.
Frequency of NMOSD misdiagnosis in a cohort from Latin America: Impact and evaluation of different contributors
Authors: Carnero Contentti Edgar , López Pablo A , Criniti Juan , Alonso Ricardo , Silva Berenice , Luetic Geraldine , Correa-Díaz Edgar Patricio , Galleguillos Lorna , Navas Carlos , Soto de Castillo Ibis , Hamuy Fernando Diaz de Bedoya , Gracia Fernando , Tkachuk Verónica , Weinshenker Brian G , Rojas Juan Ignacio 
Published: December 2022

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) misdiagnosis (i.e. the incorrect diagnosis of patients who truly have NMOSD) remains an issue in clinical practice. We determined the frequency and factors associated with NMOSD misdiagnosis in patients evaluated in a cohort from Latin America. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with NMOSD, according to the 2015 diagnostic criteria, from referral clinics in six Latin American countries (Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela). Diagnoses prior to NMOSD and ultimate diagnoses, demographic, clinical and paraclinical data, and treatment schemes were evaluated. Results: A total of 469 patients presented with an established diagnosis of NMOSD (73.2% seropositive) and after evaluation, we determined that 56 (12%) patients had been initially misdiagnosed with a disease other than NMOSD. The most frequent alternative diagnoses were multiple sclerosis (MS; 66.1%), clinically isolated syndrome (17.9%), and cerebrovascular disease (3.6%). NMOSD misdiagnosis was determined by MS/NMOSD specialists in 33.9% of cases. An atypical MS syndrome was found in 86% of misdiagnosed patients, 50% had NMOSD red flags in brain and/or spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 71.5% were prescribed disease-modifying drugs. Conclusions: NMOSD misdiagnosis is relatively frequent in Latin America (12%). Misapplication and misinterpretation of clinical and neuroradiological findings are relevant factors associated with misdiagnosis.
Modeling electrospun PLGA nanofibers’ diameter using response surface methodology and artificial neural networks
Authors: Abdelhady Saleh S , Atta MM , Megahed AA , Abu-Hasel KA , Alquraish Mohammed , Ali Ashraf A , Zoalfakar Said H 
Published: December 2022

The present work is an attempt to model the diameter of Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) nanofibers by utilizing response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs). Hence, determining the optimal electrospinning process conditions to produce a minimum fiber diameter. For modelling the average diameter of nanofibers, RSM approach based on four parameters (polymer concentration, high voltage and needle tip to collector distance and spinning angle) with five-level was compared to ANN technique. In the RSM approach, central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the individual and interaction impacts of the parameters on the average diameter of nanofibers. Several ANNs of single and double hidden layers with different number of cells for each were tried to obtain the best network structure. The experimental and predicted PLGA fiber diameters using an ANN showed a strong correlation, indicating that the network topology of 4-14-1 has good predictability for analyzing factors impacting PLGA fiber diameter. The average absolute relative error for predicting PLGA nanofibers’ diameter using ANN (2.24%) is slightly less than that obtained from RSM (2.59%). The high regression coefficient between the variables and the response (R2 = 0.9636) shows a good second-order polynomial regression model for evaluating experimental data. The R2 value was 0.945, indicating that the ANN model was good fitting with the experimental results. The optimum combinations (PLGA concentration of 26 wt.%, high voltage 22 kV, needle tip to collector distance 20 cm, and spinning angle 60o) were developed by RSM model for electrospinning PLGA nanofiber that can produce fine, consistent, and high-quality nanofibers.
Management and Outcome of Non-Aneurysmal Primary Aortic Infection
Authors: Kumins Norman H. , Wogsland Aric A. , Smith Justin , Patel Avkash , Cho Jae S. , Colvard Benjamin , Kashyap Vikram S. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction Aortic infection without prior intervention or aneurysm is exceedingly rare. We report the presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcome of patients with this unusual entity. Methods Retrospective chart and imaging review of patients with primary aortic infection. Results 5 patients (3 male, mean age 71.2 years) presented between 2014 and 2022. All had abdominal, back, or flank pain. Four had constitutional symptoms. All were evaluated with a complete blood count; 3 had leukocytosis. Both serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were elevated in the 4 patients evaluated with these tests. All were studied with peripheral blood culture on the first hospital day prior to any antibiotic administration. Blood culture was positive in only 1 patient. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed periaortic inflammation without aneurysm in all. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) was obtained in 3 and a radiolabeled leukocyte single-photon emission CT (SPECT) scan was performed in 2. All demonstrated periaortic concentration of the radioisotope consistent with inflammation or infection. Intraoperative cultures were positive in 3. One patient who had a negative intraoperative culture was examined with broad range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing which identified a causative bacterium. The other patient with a negative intraoperative culture had periaortic abscess but was on antibiotics preoperatively, potentially confounding the culture. All patients underwent in-situ repair with rifampin impregnated polyester (N = 2), cryopreserved aortic allograft (N = 2), or autogenous femoral vein (N = 1). No patient developed recurrent infection or aortic related complications following surgery with an average follow up of 31.8 months (range 8-88 months). Conclusions Patients with primary aortic infection present similarly with the triad of abdominal or back pain, laboratory markers of infection, and imaging demonstrating periaortic inflammation. Patients were treated successfully with in-situ repair. Preoperative identification of a causative organism was difficult, and PCR may be useful to help identify an organism.
Rate of periprocedural stroke in diagnostic cerebral angiograms comparing transradial versus transfemoral access
Authors: Kuhn Anna Luisa , Puri Ajit S , Rodrigues Katyucia de Macedo , Massari Francesco , Singh Jasmeet 
Published: December 2022

Purpose Transradial access for neurointerventional procedures has increased in popularity over the past few years due to data from extrapolated interventional cardiology studies, patient preference, and early reports of feasibility using this approach. Our aim was to evaluate the incidence of periprocedural stroke in patients undergoing transradial versus transfemoral access for diagnostic cerebral angiograms. Methods We retrospectively reviewed our neurointerventional database and identified all patients who underwent a diagnostic angiogram between May 2019 and July 2021. Patients were further divided into transradial versus transfemoral access. In patients with postprocedural stroke, symptoms and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score were recorded. Pertinent laboratory values and procedural data was reviewed, including COVID status, platelet count, International normalized ratio (INR), Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), vessels catheterized, amount of contrast used, and fluoroscopy time. Imaging work-up for stroke symptoms was reviewed, if available. Results Thousand two-hundred thirty eight diagnostic cerebral angiograms with 656 patients (53%) undergoing transradial access. Stroke symptoms after angiogram were only observed in the transradial group (5 patients; 0.4% total and 0.8% among radial access cases, respectively). Symptoms included word finding difficulty, paresthesia, or weakness. Three patients underwent cross-sectional imaging, computed tomography was negative in all three patients. Magnetic resonance imaging showed small, scattered infarcts in two patients. All symptoms resolved without additional hospitalization. Conclusion In our experience, using transradial access for diagnostic cerebral angiograms was associated with a low but not negligible incidence of periprocedural strokes. Patient anatomy should be evaluated prior to selection of vascular access. Patients should be made aware of a slightly higher periprocedural stroke risk with transradial access.
The role of non-stenosing carotid artery plaques in embolic stroke of undetermined source, is it a silent offender? A review of literature
Authors: Jumah Ammar , Aboul Nour Hassan , Fana Michael , Choudhury Omar , Eltous Lara , Zoghoul Sohaib , Jumah Fareed , Alsrouji Owais K , Alhajala Hisham , Intikhab Osama , Marin Horia , Chebl Alex , Miller Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Purpose Atherosclerotic cervical internal carotid artery disease is one of the major causes of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attacks. The risk of stroke from mild to moderate stenoses (i.e. <50% stenosis) might be underestimated. There is increasing evidence that plaque morphological features reflect plaque instability that may harbor high risk for embolization. In this narrative review, we will review the literature on plaque features that predict vulnerability beyond the degree of stenosis, discuss the clinical association with stroke, and evaluate the evidence that these lesions serve as a source for embolic stroke of unknown source (ESUS). Methods We performed a literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. The terms “embolic stroke of undetermined source” and “plaque morphology” were used either alone or in combination with “non-flow limiting stenosis,” “non-stenosing plaques,” “high-risk plaque features” or “internal carotid artery plaque.” Data on plaque morphology and ESUS were mainly taken from review articles, observational studies including retrospective cohort and cross-sectional studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews. Conclusion Nonstenosing carotid artery plaques with high-risk features carry a remarkable risk for stroke occurrence and randomized clinical trials are warranted for further evaluation of using carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy to mitigate the risk of stroke.
Sleep-Opt-In: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study to Improve Sleep and Glycemic Variability in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Martyn-Nemeth Pamela , Duffecy Jennifer , Quinn Laurie , Steffen Alana , Baron Kelly , Chapagai Swaty , Burke Larisa , Reutrakul Sirimon 
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a technology-assisted behavioral sleep intervention (Sleep-Opt-In) and to examine the effects of Sleep-Opt-In on sleep duration and regularity, glucose indices, and patient-reported outcomes. Short sleep duration and irregular sleep schedules are associated with reduced glycemic control and greater glycemic variability. Methods: A randomized controlled parallel-arm pilot study was employed. Adults with type 1 diabetes (n = 14) were recruited from the Midwest and randomized 3:2 to the sleep-optimization (Sleep-Opt-In) or Healthy Living attention control group. Sleep-Opt-In was an 8-week, remotely delivered intervention consisting of digital lessons, sleep tracker, and weekly coaching phone calls by a trained sleep coach. Assessments of sleep (actigraphy), glucose (A1C, continuous glucose monitoring), and patient-reported outcomes (questionnaires for daytime sleepiness, fatigue, diabetes distress, and depressive mood) were completed at baseline and at completion of the intervention. Results: Sleep-Opt-In was feasible and acceptable. Those in Sleep-Opt-In with objectively confirmed short or irregular sleep demonstrated an improvement in sleep regularity (25 minutes), reduced glycemic variability (3.2%), and improved time in range (6.9%) compared to the Healthy Living attention control group. Patient-reported outcomes improved only for the Sleep-Opt-In group. Fatigue and depressive mood improved compared to the control. Conclusions: Sleep-Opt-In is feasible, acceptable, and promising for further evaluation as a means to improve sleep duration or regularity in the population of people with type 1 diabetes.
Cord blood transplantation for nonmalignant disorders: early functional immunity and high survival
Authors: Martinez Caridad , Aguayo-Hiraldo Paibel , Chaimowitz Natalia , Forbes Lisa , Rider Nicholas , Nicholas Sarah , Seeborg Filiz , Chinen Javier , Chinn Ivan , Davis Carla , Roseblatt Howard , Noroski Lenora , Omer Bilal , John Tami , Yassine Khaled , Naik Swati , Craddock John , Bhar Saleh , Allen Carl , Ahmed Nabil , Sasa Ghadir , Steffin David , Doherty Erin , George Anil , Salem Baheyeldin , Friend Brian , Hegde Meenakshi , Brenner Malcolm K. , Heslop Helen E. , Leen Ann , Peña Amanda , Wu Mengfen , Hanson I. Celine , Krance Robert A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
There is no consensus on the best donor for children with nonmalignant disorders and immune deficiencies in the absence of a matched related donor (MRD). We evaluated the 2-year overall survival (OS) after umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) in patients with nonmalignant disorders from 2009 to 2020 enrolled in a prospective clinical trial using either 5/6 or 6/6 UCB as the cell source. Patients receive a fully ablative busulfan, cyclophosphamide, and fludarabine without serotherapy. Fifty-five children were enrolled, median age 5 months (range, 1-111 months); primary immune deficiency (45), metabolic (5), hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (1), and hematologic disorders (4). Twenty-six patients had persistent infections before transplant. Nineteen of them (34%) were 6/6 matched, and 36 (66%) were 5/6 human leukocyte antigen–matched. The OS at 2 years was 91% (95% cumulative incidence, 79-96), with a median follow-up of 4.3 years. The median time to neutrophil and platelet recovery were 17 days (range, 5-39 days) and 37 days (range, 20-92 days), respectively. All but one evaluable patient achieved full donor chimerism. The cumulative incidence of acute GVHD grades 2-4 on day 100 was 16% (n = 9). All patients with viral infections at the time of transplant cleared the infection at a median time of 54 days (range, 44-91 days). All evaluable patients underwent correction of their immune or metabolic defects. We conclude that in the absence of MRD, UCBT following myeloablative conditioning without serotherapy is an excellent curative option in young children with nonmalignant disorders. This trial has been registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00950846.
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of COPD: Copenhagen General Population Study
Authors: Freyberg Josefine , Landt Eskild M. , Afzal Shoaib , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Dahl Morten 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundRandomised controlled trials found that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol-lowering statins increase lung function and possibly decrease rate of exacerbations in individuals with COPD. However, it is unknown whether high levels of LDL cholesterol are associated with increased susceptibility to COPD.MethodsWe tested the hypothesis that high LDL cholesterol is associated with increased risk of COPD, severe COPD exacerbation and COPD-specific mortality. We examined 107 301 adults from the Copenhagen General Population Study. COPD outcomes were ascertained at baseline and prospectively through nationwide registries.ResultsIn cross-sectional analysis, low LDL cholesterol was associated with increased risk of COPD (odds ratio for 1stversus4th quartile: 1.07 (95% CI 1.01–1.14)). Prospectively, low LDL cholesterol was associated with increased risk of COPD exacerbations with hazard ratios of 1.43 (1.21–1.70) for 1stversus4th quartile, 1.21 (1.03–1.43) for 2ndversus4th quartile, and 1.01 (0.85–1.20) for 3rdversus4th quartile of LDL cholesterol (p-value for trend=6×10−6). Finally, low LDL cholesterol was likewise associated with increased risk of COPD-specific mortality (log-rank test: p=0.0009). Sensitivity analyses with death as competing risk provided similar results.ConclusionLow LDL cholesterol was associated with increased risks of severe COPD exacerbation and COPD-specific mortality in the Danish general population. As this is opposite of that observed in randomised controlled trials with statins, our findings might be a result of reverse causation indicating that individuals with severe phenotypes of COPD have lower plasma levels of LDL cholesterol due to wasting.
ENTAIL: yEt aNoTher amyloid fIbrils cLassifier
Authors: Auriemma Citarella Alessia , Di Biasi Luigi , De Marco Fabiola , Tortora Genoveffa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
This research aims to increase our knowledge of amyloidoses. These disorders cause incorrect protein folding, affecting protein functionality (on structure). Fibrillar deposits are the basis of some wellknown diseases, such as Alzheimer, Creutzfeldt–Jakob diseases and type II diabetes. For many of these amyloid proteins, the relative precursors are known. Discovering new protein precursors involved in forming amyloid fibril deposits would improve understanding the pathological processes of amyloidoses.

Results
A new classifier, called ENTAIL, was developed using over than 4000 molecular descriptors. ENTAIL was based on the Naive Bayes Classifier with Unbounded Support and Gaussian Kernel Type, with an accuracy on the test set of 81.80%, SN of 100%, SP of 63.63% and an MCC of 0.683 on a balanced dataset.

Conclusions
The analysis carried out has demonstrated how, despite the various configurations of the tests, performances are superior in terms of performance on a balanced dataset.