bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of the converting mechanism of rocking machines
Authors: Khabibullin M Ya , Suleimanov R I 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The transforming mechanism of rocking machines is an articulated four-link mechanism made following the symmetrical and asymmetrical kinematic schemes. On the straight line passing through the extreme positions of the base of the bolt and the balancing lever, there is a center of rotation of the crank in symmetrical mechanisms. In different variants they are asymmetrical mechanisms. The dimensions of the converting mechanism of Russian symmetrical rocking machines are smaller than foreign asymmetrical rocking machines. This method can be used to show the contrast between technical and operational indicators of the rocking machines manufactured using various kinematic schemes. A contrast of the data multiplied by S
0
K/K
1 with the real data of rocking machines revealed their compliance, which confirms the correctness of the method.
Investigation of magnetocaloric effect in La0.67Sr0.33Mn1-xZrxO3
Authors: Cha Jongchol , Li Fenghua , Jon Jinhyok 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The influence of Zr-doping on the magnetocaloric effect of La0.67Sr0.33Mn1-xZrxO3 manganese perovskites in low magnetic field has been investigated. Using Hamad’s phenomenological model, we have estimated the important magnetocaloric properties, for example, the thermal magnetization, the change of magnetic entropy and the relative cooling power. We have shown that the magnetocaloric properties decrease as the increase of the dopant amount. Tunable magnetocaloric effect in these compounds is advantageous to magnetic refrigeration applications in wide temperature ranges. Therefore, these compounds are good candidates for working materials in magnetic refrigeration.
Numerical simulation of laser cladding AlCrCuFeNi2 high-entropy alloy coatings
Authors: Zhang Zhiling , Yang Honggang , Chen Yunxia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Laser cladding technology is an advanced material surface modification technology, which has the advantages of good combination of coating and substrate, and environmental protection process. In this paper, for the laser cladding of AlCrCuFeNi2 high-entropy alloy coatings, the effects of different laser powers and scanning speeds on the temperature and velocity fields were analyzed by numerical simulation. In the early stage of laser cladding process, heat transfer is dominated by heat conduction, and in the middle and later stages, convection dominates. Compared with the scanning speed, the laser power has a greater influence on the temperature peak inside the molten pool. The research results can provide a reference for the optimization of process parameters of laser cladding high-entropy alloy coatings.
Climate drivers of the variations of vegetation productivity in India
Authors: Verma Akash , Chandel Vikram , Ghosh Subimal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Variations in the uptake of atmospheric carbon by vegetation over India, the second-highest contributor to global greening, have enormous implications for climate change mitigation. Global studies conclude that temperature and total water storage (TWS) cause interannual variations of carbon uptake based on the correlation coefficient, which is not a causality measure. Here, we apply a statistically rigorous causality approach, Peter Clark momentary conditional independence, to the monthly observed satellite and station-based gridded dataset of India’s climate and carbon uptake variables. We find no existence of causal connections from TWS to gross primary production (GPP) or net photosynthesis (PSN). Causal relationships exist from precipitation to GPP and PSN. Since shallow-rooted croplands dominate India’s green cover, impacts of precipitation on carbon capture of the the land ecosystem are immediate and not via TWS. Our results identify the key climate drivers of GPP/PSN variability and highlight interactions between water and the carbon cycle in India. Our results also highlight the need for formal causal analysis using climate and earth sciences observations rather than the conventional practices of inferring causality from correlations.
Correlation functions for open XXZ spin 1/2 quantum chains with unparallel boundary magnetic fields
Authors: Niccoli G , Terras V 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper we continue our derivation of the correlation functions of open quantum spin 1/2 chains with unparallel magnetic fields on the edges; this time for the more involved case of the XXZ spin 1/2 chains. We develop our study in the framework of the quantum separation of variables, which gives us both the complete spectrum characterization and simple scalar product formulae for separate states, including transfer matrix eigenstates. Here, we leave the boundary magnetic field in the first site of the chain completely arbitrary, and we fix the boundary field in the last site N of the chain to be a specific value along the z-direction. This is a natural first choice for the unparallel boundary magnetic fields. We prove that under these special boundary conditions, on the one side, we have a simple enough complete spectrum description in terms of homogeneous Baxter like TQ-equation. On the other side, we prove a simple enough description of the action of a basis of local operators on transfer matrix eigenstates as linear combinations of separate states. Thanks to these results, we achieve our main goal to derive correlation functions for a set of local operators both for the finite and half-infinite chains, with multiple integral formulae in this last case.
Construction of polynomial algebras from intermediate Casimir invariants of Lie algebras
Authors: Latini Danilo , Marquette Ian , Zhang Yao-Zhong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We propose a systematic procedure to construct polynomial algebras from intermediate Casimir invariants arising from (semisimple or non-semisimple) Lie algebras

g

. In this approach, we deal with explicit polynomials in the enveloping algebra of

g
⊕
g
⊕
g

. We present explicit examples of low-dimensional Lie algebras (up to dimension six) to show how they can display different behaviours and can lead to abelian algebras, quadratic algebras or more complex structures involving higher order nested commutators. Within this framework, we also demonstrate how virtual copies of the Levi factor of a Levi decomposable Lie algebra can be used as a tool to construct ‘copies’ of polynomial algebras. Different schemes to obtain polynomial algebras associated to algebraic Hamiltonians have been proposed in the literature, among them the use of commutants of various type. The present approach is different and relies on the construction of intermediate Casimir invariants in the enveloping algebra

U

(

g
⊕
g
⊕
g

)

.
Prediction model of low cycle fatigue life of 304 stainless steel based on genetic algorithm optimized BP neural network
Authors: Cao Mengjie , Duan Hongyan , He Hong , Liu Yang , Yue Shunqiang , Zhang Zengwang , Zhao Yingjian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The low cycle fatigue life of 304 stainless steel is an essential basis for safety assessment. Usually, there is a complex nonlinear relationship between fatigue life and influencing factors, which is difficult to be predicted by traditional fatigue life models. Based on this, the BP algorithm and genetic optimization algorithm (GA) for the fatigue life prediction problem of 304 stainless steel is proposed. Based on the existing large amount of test data, the fatigue life of 304 stainless steel material is predicted by using BP and GA-BP learning models. The results show that the GA-BP prediction model is more flexible, the correlation coefficient R reaches 0.98158, the prediction data are within the 2 times error limit and closer to the ideal line, and the model prediction is better.
Understanding the changing mechanism of arc characteristics in ultrasound-magnetic field coaxial hybrid gas tungsten arc welding
Authors: CHEN Chao , LI Wenlong , FAN Chenglei , DU Wenbo , ZHANG Huijing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ultrasound-magnetic field coaxial hybrid Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (U-M-GTAW) is proposed as a means to control arc characteristics. The arc characteristics and the mechanism to change them, in an ultrasound-magnetic field coaxial hybrid GTAW, were studied by both experimental and theoretical analyses. The results showed that a periodic rotation and compression of the arc shape were obtained in U-M-GTAW and the arc energy was also enhanced. The most obvious compression of the arc shape in U-M-GTAW was obtained, compared with GTAW, M-GTAW and U-GTAW. At the same time, a periodic rotation of the arc was observed in U-M-GTAW. The geometric parameters of the arc shape in U-M-GTAW are reduced more than double compared with traditional GTAW. The arc voltage in the hybrid GTAW was increased, especially in the U-M-GTAW. The electromagnetic force and acoustic radiation force were the main factors for the change of arc characteristics in the U-M-GTAW.
Stretchable electronic skin patch with strain isolation for the simultaneous measurements of surface electromyography and temperature
Authors: Cai Min , Hong Weijie , Nie Shuang , Wang Chengjun , Song Jizhou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Stretchable electronic skin patches have continuously attracted the attention of researchers and clinicians due to their potentials in medical applications. Despite the remarkable progress of electronic skin patches with diverse sensor modalities for regions undergoing small deformations, the electronic skin patch in a stretchable format for regions requiring large strain accommodations has far less been explored. Here, we report a stretchable electronic skin patch with strain isolation for the simultaneous measurement of surface electromyography (sEMG) and temperature. The electronic skin patch consists of two mesh-like sEMG electrodes and one resistance temperature sensor on a compliant substrate with programmable stiffness induced by the spatioselective ultraviolet exposure. This construct allows for mechanical softness of electrodes for an intimate attachment to skin and isolation of deformation-induced disturbances and damages to the temperature sensor. Experimental and numerical studies reveal the design, fabrication and operation of the skin patch. Demonstration of the skin patch with strain isolation on the lumbar muscle groups during the trunk flexion, which may introduce a 20% strain level, illustrates its robust capabilities for the comprehensive assessment of muscle activities with possibilities to study the temperature effect on sEMG signals. The results reported here provide important inspiration for constructing multifunctional electronic skin patches with a wide range of applications such as health-monitoring devices, wearable human-machine interface and clinical muscle function evaluation.
Research and development of hydrogen carrier based solutions for hydrogen compression and storage
Authors: Dornheim Martin , Baetcke Lars , Akiba Etsuo , Ares Jose-Ramón , Autrey Tom , Barale Jussara , Baricco Marcello , Brooks Kriston , Chalkiadakis Nikolaos , Charbonnier Véronique , Christensen Steven , Bellosta von Colbe José , Costamagna Mattia , Dematteis Erika , Fernández Jose-Francisco , Gennett Thomas , Grant David , Heo Tae Wook , Hirscher Michael , Hurst Katherine , Lototskyy Mykhaylo , Metz Oliver , Rizzi Paola , Sakaki Kouji , Sartori Sabrina , Stamatakis Emmanuel , Stuart Alastair , Stubos Athanasios , Walker Gavin , Webb Colin J , Wood Brandon , Yartys Volodymyr , Zoulias Emmanuel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Industrial and public interest in hydrogen technologies has risen strongly recently, as hydrogen is the ideal means for medium to long term energy storage, transport and usage in combination with renewable and green energy supply. In a future energy system, the production, storage and usage of green hydrogen is a key technology. Hydrogen is and will in future be even more used for industrial production processes as a reduction agent or for the production of synthetic hydrocarbons, especially in the chemical industry and in refineries. Under certain conditions material based systems for hydrogen storage and compression offer advantages over the classical systems based on gaseous or liquid hydrogen. This includes in particular lower maintenance costs, higher reliability and safety. Hydrogen storage is possible at pressures and temperatures much closer to ambient conditions. Hydrogen compression is possible without any moving parts and only by using waste heat. In this paper, we summarize the newest developments of hydrogen carriers for storage and compression and in addition, give an overview of the different research activities in this field.
On the coordination dynamics of (animate) moving bodies
Authors: Kelso J A Scott 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCoordination comes in many guises and represents one of the most striking, but least understood features of living things. The different forms that coordination takes and how it emerges and changes are of great interest to many disciplines, particularly the social and behavioral sciences, neuroscience, psychology, biology and physics itself. Inspired originally by theories of self-organization in open, nonequilibrium systems, the science of coordination (coordination dynamics) seeks to understand coordinated patterns at many scales and for multiple functions in living things. Here we review some of the key concepts of coordination dynamics along with some recent developments and posit ten tenets of the theory that may guide further understanding.
Extreme weather impacts of climate change: an attribution perspective
Authors: Clarke Ben , Otto Friederike , Stuart-Smith Rupert , Harrington Luke 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Extreme event attribution aims to elucidate the link between global climate change, extreme weather events, and the harms experienced on the ground by people, property, and nature. It therefore allows the disentangling of different drivers of extreme weather from human-induced climate change and hence provides valuable information to adapt to climate change and to assess loss and damage. However, providing such assessments systematically is currently out of reach. This is due to limitations in attribution science, including the capacity for studying different types of events, as well as the geographical heterogeneity of both climate and impact data availability. Here, we review current knowledge of the influences of climate change on five different extreme weather hazards (extreme temperatures, heavy rainfall, drought, wildfire, tropical cyclones), the impacts of recent extreme weather events of each type, and thus the degree to which various impacts are attributable to climate change. For instance, heat extremes have increased in likelihood and intensity worldwide due to climate change, with tens of thousands of deaths directly attributable. This is likely a significant underestimate due to the limited availability of impact information in lower- and middle-income countries. Meanwhile, tropical cyclone rainfall and storm surge height have increased for individual events and across all basins. In the North Atlantic basin, climate change amplified the rainfall of events that, combined, caused half a trillion USD in damages. At the same time, severe droughts in many parts of the world are not attributable to climate change. To advance our understanding of present-day extreme weather impacts due to climate change developments on several levels are required. These include improving the recording of extreme weather impacts around the world, improving the coverage of attribution studies across different events and regions, and using attribution studies to explore the contributions of both climate and non-climate drivers of impacts.
A role of prefrontal cortico-hypothalamic projections in wake promotion
Authors: Zhong Haixing , Xu Huamin , Li Xin , Xie Rou-gang , Shi Yunxin , Wang Ying , Tong Li , Zhu Qianqian , Han Jing , Tao Huiren , Zhang Li , Hu Zhian , Zhang Xia , Gu Ning , Dong Hailong , Xu Xufeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVentromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) processes many critical brain functions, such as decision-making, value-coding, thinking, and emotional arousal/recognition, but whether vmPFC plays a role in sleep–wake promotion circuitry is still unclear. Here, we find that photoactivation of dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH)-projecting vmPFC neurons, their terminals, or their postsynaptic DMH neurons rapidly switches non-rapid eye movement (NREM) but not rapid eye movement sleep to wakefulness, which is blocked by photoinhibition of DMH outputs in lateral hypothalamus (LHs). Chemoactivation of DMH glutamatergic but not GABAergic neurons innervated by vmPFC promotes wakefulness and suppresses NREM sleep, whereas chemoinhibition of vmPFC projections in DMH produces opposite effects. DMH-projecting vmPFC neurons are inhibited during NREM sleep and activated during wakefulness. Thus, vmPFC neurons innervating DMH likely represent the first identified set of cerebral cortical neurons for promotion of physiological wakefulness and suppression of NREM sleep.
Building back before: fiscal and monetary support for the economy in Britain amid the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Berry Craig , Bailey Daniel , Beel David , O’Donovan Nick 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper explores the local impact of various forms of fiscal and monetary support for UK-based companies in the context of disruption caused by COVID-19 and associated public health restrictions, including support for household incomes (and therefore private consumption) via the ‘furlough’ scheme, the Covid Corporate Financing Facility and various national and local business support schemes. It shows that the economic crisis associated with the pandemic has been construed to justify interventions that preserve the spatially uneven status quo of the UK’s model of economic development, protecting business from harms arising, apparently, from the public’s reaction to the pandemic. To some extent, COVID-19 has been treated as a localised phenomenon that the national economy requires protection from.
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 and the Subsequent Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Chen Mengkun , Ding Ning , Mok Yejin , Mathews Lena , Hoogeveen Ron C , Ballantyne Christie M , Chen Lin Yee , Coresh Josef , Matsushita Kunihiro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a stress-responsive biomarker associated with several types of cardiovascular diseases. However, conflicting results have been reported regarding its association with incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in the general population.

Methods
In 10 234 White and Black Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study participants (mean age 60 years, 20.5% Blacks) free of AF at baseline (1993 to 1995), we quantified the association of GDF-15 with incident AF using Cox regression models. GDF-15 concentration was measured by an aptamer-based proteomic method. AF was defined as AF diagnosis by electrocardiogram at subsequent ARIC visits or AF diagnosis in hospitalization records or death certificates. Harrell’s c-statistic and categorical net reclassification improvement were computed for risk discrimination and reclassification.

Results
There were 2217 cases of incident AF over a median follow-up of 20.6 years (incidence rate 12.3 cases/1000 person-years). After adjusting for potential confounders, GDF-15 was independently associated with incident AF, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.42 (95% CI, 1.24–1.62) for the top vs bottom quartile. The result remained consistent (HR 1.23 [95% CI, 1.07–1.41]) even after further adjusting for 2 cardiac biomarkers, cardiac troponin T and natriuretic peptide. The results were largely consistent across demographic subgroups. The addition of GDF-15 modestly improved the c-statistic by 0.003 (95% CI, 0.001–0.006) beyond known risk factors of AF.

Conclusions
In this community-based biracial cohort, higher concentrations of GDF-15 were independently associated with incident AF, supporting its potential value as a clinical marker of AF risk.
Multi-vessel spontaneous coronary artery dissection in a patient with aortic dissection: a case report
Authors: Alyamani Motasem , Aziz Amir , Nagendran Jeevan , Welsh Robert C 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome that is often misdiagnosed.

Case summary
We describe a case of multi-vessel SCAD in a 73-year-old patient with no evidence of fibromuscular dysplasia that is presented with Type A aortic dissection after undergoing an ascending aorta and aortic arch replacement with stent placement in the abdominal aorta. The use of percutaneous coronary intervention with cutting balloons and drug-eluting stent implantation helped wean the patient off extracorporeal membrane oxygenation successfully.

Discussion
To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of multi-vessel SCAD presenting concomitantly with aortic dissection. More research is needed to help understand the pathophysiology of the two conditions as well as possible links between them.
Pathogenicity of an Entomopathogenic Nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae on Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Strains From Turkey
Authors: Koc Samed , Polat Burak , Cengiz Aysegul , Kahraman Sevval , Tufan-Cetin Ozge , Cetin Huseyin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Alphitobius diaperinus Panzer (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is an insect pest in poultry production systems. This insect has developed resistance to many chemical insecticides. As an alternative to chemicals, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are one of the most commonly used agents against several pest arthropods. The pathogenicity of the EPN Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser on four field strains of lesser mealworm, A. diaperinus, from Turkey was studied. In the experiments, larvae of A. diaperinus were found to be more sensitive than adults to S. carpocapsae infection. In terms of LC50 values in both larval and adult insects, Balikesir strain was found to be the most susceptible, Manisa strain the most resistant. The calculated LC50 values for adults were 85.9, 205.6, 135.4, and 418.8 IJs/ml, and for larvae 31.2, 39.8, 34.8, and 70.9 IJs/ml for the Balikesir, Canakkale, İzmir, and Manisa strains, respectively. This is the first report about the pathogenicity of EPNs against larvae and adults of lesser mealworm A. diaperinus strains from Turkey. We conclude that S. carpocapsae can be used as a control agent for lesser mealworms.
The Impact of the European Landscape Convention on Landscape Planning in Spain, Italy and England
Authors: Civitarese Matteucci Stefano , Cartei Gian Franco 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The influence of the European Landscape Convention (ELC) on the landscape planning legal framework of Italy, Spain and England is discussed. The ELC defines landscape, holistically, as something perceived by people in their everyday life. Integrating landscape protection and management into every policy influencing the quality of a territory is a major ELC’s goal. This view challenges the interpretation that stresses the continuing importance of objective landscape values, such as natural beauty, recognisable by expert assessment. This dialectic also reveals a fault line between local democracy/participation and a centralist approach towards landscape protection. We found signs of such competing narratives in the landscape planning regulations of the said jurisdictions implementing the ELC, although the rationales that inspire them were little affected. We argue that the said dialectic may be seen more as an opportunity to build a more comprehensive system of landscape protection than a downside.