bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting the evolution of the Lassa virus endemic area and population at risk over the next decades
Authors: Klitting Raphaëlle , Kafetzopoulou Liana E. , Thiery Wim , Dudas Gytis , Gryseels Sophie , Kotamarthi Anjali , Vrancken Bram , Gangavarapu Karthik , Momoh Mambu , Sandi John Demby , Goba Augustine , Alhasan Foday , Grant Donald S. , Okogbenin Sylvanus , Ogbaini-Emovo Ephraim , Garry Robert F. , Smither Allison R. , Zeller Mark , Pauthner Matthias G. , McGraw Michelle , Hughes Laura D. , Duraffour Sophie , Günther Stephan , Suchard Marc A. , Lemey Philippe , Andersen Kristian G. , Dellicour Simon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLassa fever is a severe viral hemorrhagic fever caused by a zoonotic virus that repeatedly spills over to humans from its rodent reservoirs. It is currently not known how climate and land use changes could affect the endemic area of this virus, currently limited to parts of West Africa. By exploring the environmental data associated with virus occurrence using ecological niche modelling, we show how temperature, precipitation and the presence of pastures determine ecological suitability for virus circulation. Based on projections of climate, land use, and population changes, we find that regions in Central and East Africa will likely become suitable for Lassa virus over the next decades and estimate that the total population living in ecological conditions that are suitable for Lassa virus circulation may drastically increase by 2070. By analysing geotagged viral genomes using spatially-explicit phylogeography and simulating virus dispersal, we find that in the event of Lassa virus being introduced into a new suitable region, its spread might remain spatially limited over the first decades.
Rejuvenation of the aged brain immune cell landscape in mice through p16-positive senescent cell clearance
Authors: Zhang Xu , Pearsall Vesselina M. , Carver Chase M. , Atkinson Elizabeth J. , Clarkson Benjamin D. S. , Grund Ethan M. , Baez-Faria Michelle , Pavelko Kevin D. , Kachergus Jennifer M. , White Thomas A. , Johnson Renee K. , Malo Courtney S. , Gonzalez-Suarez Alan M. , Ayasoufi Katayoun , Johnson Kurt O. , Tritz Zachariah P. , Fain Cori E. , Khadka Roman H. , Ogrodnik Mikolaj , Jurk Diana , Zhu Yi , Tchkonia Tamara , Revzin Alexander , Kirkland James L. , Johnson Aaron J. , Howe Charles L. , Thompson E. Aubrey , LeBrasseur Nathan K. , Schafer Marissa J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCellular senescence is a plausible mediator of inflammation-related tissue dysfunction. In the aged brain, senescent cell identities and the mechanisms by which they exert adverse influence are unclear. Here we used high-dimensional molecular profiling, coupled with mechanistic experiments, to study the properties of senescent cells in the aged mouse brain. We show that senescence and inflammatory expression profiles increase with age and are brain region- and sex-specific. p16-positive myeloid cells exhibiting senescent and disease-associated activation signatures, including upregulation of chemoattractant factors, accumulate in the aged mouse brain. Senescent brain myeloid cells promote peripheral immune cell chemotaxis in vitro. Activated resident and infiltrating immune cells increase in the aged brain and are partially restored to youthful levels through p16-positive senescent cell clearance in female p16-InkAttac mice, which is associated with preservation of cognitive function. Our study reveals dynamic remodeling of the brain immune cell landscape in aging and suggests senescent cell targeting as a strategy to counter inflammatory changes and cognitive decline.
Phosphorylation of Jhd2 by the Ras-cAMP-PKA(Tpk2) pathway regulates histone modifications and autophagy
Authors: Yu Qi , Gong Xuanyunjing , Tong Yue , Wang Min , Duan Kai , Zhang Xinyu , Ge Feng , Yu Xilan , Li Shanshan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCells need to coordinate gene expression with their metabolic states to maintain cell homeostasis and growth. How cells transduce nutrient availability to appropriate gene expression remains poorly understood. Here we show that glycolysis regulates histone modifications and gene expression by activating protein kinase A (PKA) via the Ras-cyclic AMP pathway. The catalytic subunit of PKA, Tpk2 antagonizes Jhd2-catalyzed H3K4 demethylation by phosphorylating Jhd2 at Ser321 and Ser340 in response to glucose availability. Tpk2-catalyzed Jhd2 phosphorylation impairs its nuclear localization, reduces its binding to chromatin, and promotes its polyubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome. Tpk2-catalyzed Jhd2 phosphorylation also maintains H3K14 acetylation by preventing the binding of histone deacetylase Rpd3 to chromatin. By phosphorylating Jhd2, Tpk2 regulates gene expression, maintains normal chronological life span and promotes autophagy. These results provide a direct connection between metabolism and histone modifications and shed lights on how cells rewire their biological responses to nutrient signals.
Investigating the etiologies behind emergent mass mortalities of farmed Liza carinata juveniles from coastal farms at Damietta, Egypt
Authors: Eissa Alaa Eldin , Attia Marwa M. , Abdelsalam Mohamed , Elgendy Mamdouh Y. , Abou-Okada Mahmoud , Ismail Gehad A. , Younis Nehal A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the mortality present in private fish farm Amyloodinium ocellatum and Cryptocaryon irritans were isolated from this outbreak affecting Liza carinata fingerlings at an earthen-based aquaculture facility in Damietta, Egypt. A total of 140 moribunds, L. carinata, were collected from the fish ponds during the mortality events. Physico-chemical analysis of water was analyzed. The skin, fins, gills, and eyes of each fish specimen were scraped gently onto slides in areas over 2 cm area. All smears were examined separately under the light microscope. Molecular identification of the parasites using analysis of ITS rDNA regions flanking both 18S and 28S rDNA genes of Amyloodinium protozoa and C. irritans. Identities of the detected parasites were confirmed by gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis. The majority of the examined fish (90%) were infected, 66.42% had a mixed infection, and 23.57% had a single infection either with A. ocellatum (10.71%) or C. irritans (12.85%).The mean intensity of A. ocellatum was 16.5 ± 2.03 in the skin and 13.18 ± 1.90 in the gills of infected fish, while that of C. irritans was 4.75 ± 1.05 in gills and 7.43 ± 1.45 in the skin, respectively. To control the emergent mortalities, affected ponds were treated using copper sulfate pentahydrate, hydrogen peroxides solutions, and amprolium hydrochloride powder in feed. Fish across the treated ponds were gradually improved with low morbidity and mortalityrates during the treatment period. The clinical disease was almost diminished at the end of the second week of treatment. Coinciding with the clinical improvement of the treated juveniles, microscopical examination of skin/gill scraps exhibited a marked decline in the number of protozoan parasites at the end of the second week of treatment.
In vitro surface analysis of the brushing resistance of orthodontic sealants using two different profilometric evaluation methods
Authors: Lorenz J. , Schidtmann I. , Morawietz M. , Kiesow A. , Wehrbein H. , Sarembe S. , Erbe C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe enamel can be protected by applying orthodontic sealants at the bracket base to avoid the development of white spot lesions caused by inadequate oral hygiene. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical resistance of five commonly used orthodontic sealants against brushing in comparison to a positive group. Hydroxyapatite discs were bonded with a metal bracket and a piece of arch-wire was ligated in order to simulate a daily clinical situation (n = 48). Samples were divided into 6 groups of respectively 8 specimens. Sealants were applied around the bracket base according to manufacturer’s instructions. Following sealants were used: Group 1: Pro Seal (Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Illinois, USA); 2: Light Bond (Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Illinois, USA); 3: ClinproXT Varnish (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany); 4: ProtectoCaF2 Nano (BonaDent GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany); 5: Fluor Protector and 6: Tetric EvoFlow (both Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan Liechtenstein). Tooth brushing were simulated for 6 weeks and 6 months with an electric toothbrush. The sealant thickness was measured by mechanical (MP) and optical profilometry (OP) at baseline, after 6 weeks and after 6 months of brushing. Statistical analysis was performed according to two mixed linear models and post hoc Tukey–Kramer comparisons. The significance level was set at 5% (α ≤ 0.05). Pro Seal (MP: 9%; OP: 22%) and Light Bond (MP: 19%; OP: 16%) showed the lowest changes in sealant thickness after 6 months of simulated brushing. ClinproXT Varnish and Tetric EvoFlow recorded no statistically significant results (p > 0.05). The fluoride varnishes ProtectoCaF2 Nano and Fluor Protector could not be conclusively evaluated since the thickness of the sealants could not be determined at baseline. The results of both evaluation methods MP and OP are in good agreement. Pro Seal and Light Bond were resistant against tooth brushing and were able to adequately keep the bracket environment sealed even after 6 months. The two different measuring methods, MP and OP, provide a precise impression of the changes in the surface.
Effectiveness of a structured stimulated spontaneous safety monitoring of medicines reporting program in strengthening pharmacovigilance system in Tanzania
Authors: Mwamwitwa Kissa W. , Fimbo Adam M. , Bukundi Elias M. , Nkayamba Alex F. , Buma Deus , Muro Eva P. , Maganda Betty A. , Shewiyo Danstan H. , Shearer Morven C. , Smith Andrew D. , Kaale Eliangiringa A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnder-reporting of adverse drug events (ADEs) is a challenge facing developing countries including Tanzania. Given the high magnitude of under-reporting, it was necessary to develop and assess the effectiveness of a ‘structured stimulated spontaneous safety monitoring’ (SSSSM) reporting program of ADEs which aimed at strengthening pharmacovigilance system in Tanzania. A quasi-experimental design and data mining technique were used to assess the effect of intervention after the introduction of program in seven tertiary hospitals. ADEs reports were collected from a single group and compared for 18 months before (July 2017 to December, 2018) and after the program (January 2019 to June 2020). Out of 16,557 ADEs reports, 98.6% (16,332) were reported after intervention and 0.1% (23) death related to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were reported. Reports increased from 20 to 11,637 after intervention in Dar es salaam, 49 to 316 in Kilimanjaro and 17 to 77 in Mbeya. The population-based reporting ratio per 1,000,000 inhabitants increased from 2 reports per million inhabitants in 2018 to 85 reports in 2019. The SSSSM program can increase the reporting rate of ADEs and was useful in detecting signals from all types of medicines. This was first effective developed spontaneous program to monitor medicine safety in Tanzania.
Metabolic/hypoxial axis predicts tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Azzam Hany N. , El-Derany Marwa O. , Wahdan Sara A. , Faheim Reham M. , Helal Gouda K. , El-Demerdash Ebtehal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe sought in our cross-sectional study to investigate the role of metabolic/hypoxial axis in the development of tamoxifen (TMX) resistance in BC patients. Quantification of plasma LncRNA Taurine upregulated-1 (TUG-1), miRNA 186-5p (miR-186), serum Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), Peroxisome Proliferator Activator Receptor alpha (PPAR-1 α) and Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1α) was done in a cohort of patients divided into TMX-sensitive and TMX-resistant candidates. Multiple logistic regression and Receiver Operating Characteristic curve were developed for significant predictors. Plasma TUG-1 and miR-186 were significantly elevated in TMX resistant patients. Serum proteins SIRT3, PPAR-1 α and HIF-1α were deficient in TMX resistant patients compared to TMX sensitive patients, respectively. miR-186 was associated with respiratory symptoms, while, HIF-1α was associated with metastases in TMX resistant patients. Strong correlations were found between all parameters. A predictive model was constructed with TUG-1 and HIF-1α to estimate TMX resistance in BC patients with 88.3% sensitivity and 91.6% specificity. Hypoxia and metabolic dysregulations play important role in the development of TMX resistance in BC patients. Correlation between hypoxia, carcinogenesis and patient’s mortality have led to more aggressive phenotypes, increased risk of metastasis and resistance to TMX.
An exploratory transmission mode of HIV/AIDS among older people based on data from multiple sources in China
Authors: Sun Xiwei , Feng Caibi , Feng Liao , Xiao Ticheng , Zhao Xinran , Liu Hong , Wang Zhiqiu , Chen Chen , Zhou Shoulin , Zhou Dinglun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe HIV/AIDS cases and proportion in older people are continuously and rapidly increasing in China, especially in males. However, the transmission mechanism is not well understood. This study aims to explore the transmission mechanism of HIV/AIDS and potential ways to prevent or control HIV/AIDS transmission in a city in southwestern China. Data from multiple sources, including HIV/AIDS case reports in 2010–2020, a survey of HIV/AIDS cases in 2020, and sentinel surveillance data of female sex workers (FSWs) in 2016–2020 were analyzed. We explored the transmission mechanism of HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and older. In this city, the number of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and older increased from 2010 to 2019, and decreased in 2020. The number of male and female cases aged 50 years and older both increased rapidly in 2017–2019, though the number of male cases was larger than that of female. The survey data showed that 84.7% of older male cases reported commercial sexual behavior, among whom 87.7% reported never using condom and 37.6% reported more than 10 times of commercial sexual behaviors in 1 year. In terms of price of sexual behavior, 68.3% of older male cases sought low-tier FSWs among whom the HIV/AIDS positive rate was 5.4% from the sentinel surveillance data. These results suggested HIV transmission between older men and low-tier FSWs through commercial sexual behavior. Among female cases aged 50 years and older, most reported non-marital and non-commercial heterosexual (60.5%) or regular sexual partner (31.4%) transmission, suggesting that they were infected by their spouse/regular sexual partner. Data of matched couples showed that most male cases had both marital sexual behavior and commercial sexual behavior, or acquired HIV through commercial sexual behavior, while most female cases had only marital sexual behavior. Based on these findings, we proposed a transmission mode of that local older male people and FSWs are transmitting bilaterally through commercial sexual behavior, and local older male people are spreading to local older female people through spouse or regular sexual partner route. By studying data from multiple sources, we explored the HIV transmission mode among older people. In the meantime, we found that marital status had a different impact on male and female old people in their sex behaviors.
Interoceptive sensibility and body satisfaction in pregnant and non-pregnant women with and without children
Authors: Crossland Anna , Kirk Elizabeth , Preston Catherine 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPregnancy is a time of great physical and psychological change. As well as prominent changes in the external appearance of the body, such as the baby bump, there are also substantial changes taking place within the body. Our awareness of, and attention towards, internal bodily signals (interoception) is thought to have a direct impact on how we feel about our bodies. Therefore, understanding how our experience of these interoceptive signals might change during pregnancy may have important implications for maternal wellbeing. This study examined body satisfaction and interoceptive sensibility (subjective experience of interoception) in pregnant and non-pregnant women with and without children. Feelings towards pregnancy-specific changes in body satisfaction and interoceptive sensibility were also examined in women in their first pregnancy (primigravida) and subsequent pregnancies (multigravida). It was found that pregnancy did not directly impact levels of body satisfaction, instead pregnant and non-pregnant women with children reported less satisfaction with their bodies compared to those without children. Primigravida women were more satisfied with the appearance of pregnancy specific bodily changes compared to multigravida women. Interestingly, these differences in body satisfaction in those with children (pregnant and non-pregnant) were mediated by the extent to which women trusted their bodies (measure of interoceptive sensibility). All other pregnancy related changes in interoceptive sensibility and body satisfaction were either non-significant or had small effect sizes. These results may suggest body trust as an important factor to support during the transition to parenthood in order to improve body satisfaction in mothers.
Experimental and computational chemical studies on the corrosion inhibition of new pyrimidinone derivatives for copper in nitric acid
Authors: Fouda A. S. , Ismail M. A. , Khaled M. A. , El-Hossiany A. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInhibition of copper corrosion by some pyrimidinone derivatives, namely; (E)-N-(3-((1,3-dimethyl-2,4,6-trioxohexahydropyrimidin-5-yl)diazenyl)-2,5-diethoxyphenyl)benzamide (MA-975) and(E)-6-(4-((4-chlorophenyl)diazenyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,3 dimethylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (MA-978C) in 1.0 M nitric acid (HNO3) was studied using weight loss (WL), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization (PP) measurements. The efficiency of inhibition increases as the concentration of inhibitor increases, and it also increases as the temperature increases. With the addition of the examined inhibitors, significant corrosion protection was obtained, and (MA-975) showed a very promising % IE (89.59%) at 21 × 10−6 M using the (WL) method. The polarization data revealed that these compounds act as mixed-type compounds and are adsorbed on the copper surface following Langmuir adsorption isotherm forming a protective thin film protecting the metal in the corrosive media. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray were used to examine the surface morphology of copper samples. Quantum calculations and Monte Carlo simulation techniques were applied with informative yields and the results matched the experimental findings.
Sustainable urban system structure evaluation in sparsely populated areas: case study of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China
Authors: Shao Xuanxuan , Yao Yongling 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUrbanization in sparsely populated areas is critical for sustainability. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a typical example of an ecologically fragile region that plays a crucial role in China’s ecological safety and water resource protection. We use a social network analysis to illustrate the structure of the urban system on the plateau and find that the agglomeration and diffusion capabilities of the core nodes are weak, which presents an obstacle to the sustainable development of the urban system. Nevertheless, we find that the intermediate nodes—which serve multiple integration functions for the various cultures, ethnic groups, and religions in the region—are core nodes that divide the dispersed cities and towns into four subgroups that function as small worlds (The cities and towns within one subgroup connect closely and each subgroup is organized independently somehow from others). Based on this finding, we suggest implementing a “double-layer” urban system to promote the sustainable urban development of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This “double-layer” system breaks the usual urbanization trend, in which cities grow in size and their distribution becomes more concentrated; instead it provides a feasible way to maintain urban sustainability in a sparsely populated area.
Prevalence and correlates of undiagnosed, diagnosed, and total type 2 diabetes among adults in Morocco, 2017
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to estimate the prevalence and associated factors of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) among adults in Morocco. Cross-sectional data were analyzed from 4779 people (≥ 18 years, mean age 41.7 years) who participated in the Morocco STEPS nationally representative survey in 2017 and had completed fasting blood glucose measurement. The results indicate that the prevalence of undiagnosed T2D was 5.9% (44.7% of total T2D), diagnosed T2D 7.3% and total T2D 13.2%. In the adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, older age (≥ 50 years), receipt of health care advice, and obesity were positively associated with undiagnosed T2D. Older age (≥ 50 years), urban residence, receipt of health care advice, ever cholesterol screening, moderate sedentary behaviour, obesity, hypertension, and elevated total cholesterol were positively associated with diagnosed T2D. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, older age (≥ 50 years), receipt of health care advice and cholesterol screening were negatively associated with undiagnosed T2D versus diagnosed T2D. A significant proportion of adults in Morocco had undiagnosed T2D and several associated factors were identified that can help guide interventions.
Mitochondrial function and intracellular distribution is severely affected in in vitro cultured mouse embryos
Authors: Czernik Marta , Winiarczyk Dawid , Sampino Silvestre , Gręda Paweł , Parillo Salvatore , Modliński Jacek Andrzej , Loi Pasqualino 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStudies of mitochondrial dynamics have identified an intriguing link between energy supply balance and mitochondrial architecture. This suggests that inappropriate culture conditions might inhibit mitochondrial functions, and affect embryonic development. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine whether in vitro culture (IVC) might affect mitochondrial function, distribution, organization (by Mitotracker Green), gene expression on RNA level (by qPCR), and protein expression and localization (by western blot and immunostaining) involved in regulation of mitochondrial functions. Mitochondria in 2-cell IVC embryos were less numerous compare to IN VIVO while the localization and distribution do not differ between the groups. Mitochondria of in vivo blastocysts formed elongated network along the cells, while in IVC were fragmented, rounded, and aggregated mainly in the perinuclear region. Additionally, mitochondria of IN VIVO embryos moved back and forth along their long axis on radial tracks, while in IVC blastocysts were much less active. mtDNA copy number in IVC blastocysts (92,336.65 ± 5860.04) was significantly lower than that of IN VIVO (169,103.92 ± 16,322.41; P < 0.02) as well as lower protein expressions responsible for mitochondrial fusion was observed in IVC blastocysts. Results indicate that in vitro culture affect on perturbations in mitochondrial number and function, which is associated with decreased developmental competence of in vitro produced mouse embryos.