bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacometric Analysis of Intranasal and Intravenous Nalbuphine to Optimize Pain Management in Infants
Authors: Pfiffner Miriam , Berger-Olah Eva , Vonbach Priska , Pfister Marc , Gotta Verena 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesThe objective of this pharmacometric (PMX) study was to (i) characterize population pharmacokinetics (PPK) and exposure-pain response associations following intranasal (0.1 mg/kg) or intravenous (IV, 0.05 mg/kg) administration of nalbuphine, with the goal to (ii) evaluate strategies for optimized dosing and timing of painful interventions in infants 1–3 months old.MethodsPPK analysis of nalbuphine serum concentrations, prospectively collected 15, 30, and between 120 and 180 min post-dose, utilizing the software package Monolix. The final PPK model was applied to derive individual time-matched concentration predictions for each pain assessment (Neonatal Infant Pain Score, NIPS) after establishment of venous access and urinary catheterization or lumbar puncture. Drug exposure-pain response simulations were performed to evaluate potential benefits of higher doses with respect to a previously proposed target concentration of 12 mcg/L (efficacy threshold).ResultsThirty-eight of 52 study subjects receiving nalbuphine had at least one concentration measurement and were included in the pharmacometric analysis. A two-compartment model with allometric scaling was applied to describe population PK data, with intranasal bioavailability estimated to be 41% (95%CI: 26–56%). Model-based simulations showed that the proposed efficacy threshold (12 mcg/L) is expected to be exceeded with an IV dose of 0.05 mg/kg for 6 min, with 0.1 mg/kg for 30 min and with 0.2 mg/kg for 80 min. This efficacy threshold is not achieved with intranasal doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg, whereas an intranasal dose of 0.4 mg/kg is expected to exceed such threshold for 30 to 100 min.ConclusionThis PMX study confirmed that bioavailability of intranasal nalbuphine is close to 50%. Exposure-pain response simulations indicated that an intranasal dose of 0.4 mg/kg is required to provide a comparable pain control as achieved with an IV dose of 0.1–0.2 mg/kg. The optimal time window for painful procedures appears to be within the first 30 min after IV administration of 0.1 mg/kg nalbuphine, whereas such procedures should be scheduled 30 min after an intranasal dose of 0.4 mg/kg nalbuphine. Additional clinical studies are warranted to confirm these PMX based recommendations and to further optimize pain management in this vulnerable infant population.
Antidiabetic Activity of Elephant Grass (Cenchrus Purpureus (Schumach.) Morrone) via Activation of PI3K/AkT Signaling Pathway, Oxidative Stress Inhibition, and Apoptosis in Wistar Rats
Authors: Ojo Oluwafemi Adeleke , Oni Abosede Itunuoluwa , Grant Susan , Amanze Jennifer , Ojo Adebola Busola , Taiwo Odunayo Anthonia , Maimako Rotdelmwa Filibus , Evbuomwan Ikponmwosa Owen , Iyobhebhe Matthew , Nwonuma Charles Obiora , Osemwegie Omorefosa , Agboola Anthonia Oluyemi , Akintayo Christopher , Asogwa Nnaemeka Tobechukwu , Aljarba Nada H. , Alkahtani Saad , Mostafa-Hedeab Gomaa , Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Adeyemi Oluyomi Stephen 
Published: March 2022

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The management of diabetes over the years has involved the use of herbal plants, which are now attracting interest. We assessed the antidiabetic properties of aqueous extract of C. purpureus shoots (AECPS) and the mechanism of action on pancreatic ß-cell dysfunction.Methods: This study was conducted using Thirty-six 36) male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into six equal groups (n = 6) and treatment was performed over 14 days. To induce diabetes in the rats, a single dose of 65 mg/kg body weight of alloxan was administered intraperitoneal along with 5% glucose. HPLC analysis was carried out to identified potential compounds in the extract. In vitro tests α-amylase, and α-glucosidase were analyzed. Body weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured. Biochemical parameters, such as serum insulin, liver glycogen, hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (F-1,6-BP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ĸB), were analyzed. Additionally, mRNA expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were each evaluated.Results: This in vitro study showed inhibitory potency of Cenchrus purpureus extract (AECPS) as compared with the positive controls. AECPS showed a gradual decrease in alloxan-induced increases in FBG, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-c), G6P, F-1,6-BP, malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-ĸB and increased alloxan-induced decreases in liver glycogen, hexokinase, and high density lipoprotein (HDL-c). The diabetic control group exhibited pancreatic dysfunction as evidenced by the reduction in serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment of ß-cell function (HOMA-β), expressions of PI3K/AKT, Bcl-2, and PCNA combined with an elevation in homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed 3-O-rutinoside, ellagic acid, catechin, rutin, and kaempferol in AECPS.Conclusion: AECPS showed efficient ameliorative actions against alloxan-induced pancreatic dysfunction, oxidative stress suppression as well as, inflammation, and apoptosis via the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
Changes in Cannabis Consumption During the Global COVID-19 Lockdown: The International COVISTRESS Study
Authors: Salles Juliette , Yrondi Antoine , Marhar Fouad , Andant Nicolas , Dorlhiac Raimundo Avilés , Quach Binh , Jiao Jiao , Antunes Samuel , Ugbolue Ukadike Chris , Guegan Julien , Rouffiac Karine , Pereira Bruno ,   The COVISTRESS Network
Published: March 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 lockdown measures have been sources of both potential stress and possible psychological and addiction complications. A lack of activity and isolation during lockdown are among the factors thought to be behind the growth in the use of psychoactive substances and worsening addictive behaviors. Previous studies on the pandemic have attested to an increase in alcohol consumption during lockdowns. Likewise, data suggest there has also been a rise in the use of cannabis, although it is unclear how this is affected by external factors. Our study used quantitative data collected from an international population to evaluate changes in cannabis consumption during the lockdown period between March and October, 2020. We also compared users and non-users of the drug in relation to: (1) socio-demographic differences, (2) emotional experiences, and (3) the information available and the degree of approval of lockdown measures.Methods: An online self-report questionnaire concerning the lockdown was widely disseminated around the globe. Data was collected on sociodemographics and how the rules imposed had influenced the use of cannabis and concerns about health, the economic impact of the measures and the approach taken by government(s).Results: One hundred eighty two respondents consumed cannabis before the lockdown vs. 199 thereafter. The mean cannabis consumption fell from 13 joints per week pre-lockdown to 9.75 after it (p &lt; 0.001). Forty-nine respondents stopped using cannabis at all and 66 admitted to starting to do so. The cannabis users were: less satisfied with government measures; less worried about their health; more concerned about the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and their career; and more frightened of becoming infected in public areas. The risk factors for cannabis use were: age (OR = 0.96); concern for physical health (OR = 0.98); tobacco (OR = 1.1) and alcohol consumption during lockdown (OR = 1.1); the pre-lockdown anger level (OR = 1.01); and feelings of boredom during the restrictions (OR = 1.1).Conclusion: In a specific sub-population, the COVID-19 lockdown brought about either an end to the consumption of cannabis or new use of the drug. The main risk factors for cannabis use were: a lower age, co-addictions and high levels of emotions.
CW Doppler Radar as Occupancy Sensor: A Comparison of Different Detection Strategies
Authors: Gennarelli Gianluca , Colonna Vittorio Emanuele , Noviello Carlo , Perna Stefano , Soldovieri Francesco , Catapano Ilaria 
Published: March 2022

Indoor occupancy sensing is a crucial problem in several application fields that have progressed from intrusion detection systems to automatic control of lighting, heating, air conditioning and many other presence-related loads. Continuous wave Doppler radar is a simple technology to face this problem due to its capability to detect human body movements (e.g., walk, run) and small chest wall vibrations associated to the cardiorespiratory activity. This work deals with a radar prototype operating at 2.4 GHz as a real-time occupancy sensor. The emphasis is on data processing approaches devoted to extract useful information from raw radar signal. Three different strategies, designed to detect human presence in indoor environments, are considered and the main goal is the assessment and comparison of their performance against experimental data collected in controlled conditions. The first strategy is based on the analysis of the standard deviation of the radar signal in time-domain; whereas the second one exploits the histogram of the time-varying signal amplitude. Finally, a third strategy based on an energy measure of the received signal Doppler spectrum is considered. The proposed detection algorithms are optimized through a set of calibration measurements and their performances and robustness are assessed by laboratory trials.
Case Report: Primary Indolent Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disease Involving the Central Nervous System
Authors: Wang Kun , Li Jinjian , Zhou Xuehui , Lv Junhui , Wang Yirong , Li Xinwei 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundT-cell lymphoproliferative disease (T-LPD), characterized by primary Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection and clonal proliferation of T cells, occurs both in systemic and non-lymphatic organs. However, isolated indolent EBV-positive T-LPD involving the central nervous system has not been reported.Case PresentationA 48-year-old male who complained of headache, blurred vision, and weakness of the left lower limb for 1 month was hospitalized in our department. Neither neurological deficit nor palpable lymphadenopathy had been found. Bone marrow and laboratory tests had shown no abnormality as well. Enhanced MRI demonstrated enhanced cotton-like lesions up to 20 mm in diameter located in the right frontal, temporal, parietal and left parietal, occipital lobes with perifocal edema. Neuronavigation-assisted mini-craniotomy was performed to achieve total excision of the right temporal superficial lesion and identify the diagnosis. Pathological and EBV analysis described the lesion as indolent EBV-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Then, a therapeutic regimen including whole-brain irradiation, chemotherapy, prednisolone, and aciclovir was given. Serial radiological imaging showed no signal of recurrence at 5 months' follow-up.ConclusionPrimary indolent T-LPD in the central nervous system is quite rare, and it needs to be distinguished from aggressive cerebral T-cell lymphoma, metastatic tumors, and other CNS lesions.
Efectividad del Feedback Formal en Salud Mental Comunitaria en España: un Estudio Clínico Aleatorizado
Authors: Sánchez-Rotger Pau , Martínez-Alés Gonzalo , Martí-Esquitino Jesús , Bravo-Ortiz María Fe 
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de la introducción del instrumento de feedback formal PCOMS en psicoterapia en el sistema nacional de salud español.
Método: se trató de un estudio clínico aleatorizado y controlado simple ciego en cuatro centros de salud mental y atención primaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz, España. Los pacientes asignados al grupo experimental completaron junto con su terapeuta las medidas del instrumento PCOMS durante cada sesión, mientras que los pacientes asignados al grupo control recibieron el tratamiento habitual. Un total de 58 pacientes completaron el estudio. La variable principal fue el resultado terapéutico, medida a través de la escala ORS. Las variables secundarias fueron la sintomatología, a través de la escala GSI (SCL-90), satisfacción, a través de la escala CRES-4, y abandono prematuro.
Resultado: se encontraron diferencias entre el grupo experimental y control en el resultado terapéutico. El número necesario a tratar indicó que por cada siete pacientes tratados en la condición experimental se evitaría el empeoramiento o estancamiento de un paciente. No se obtuvieron diferencias en sintomatología, satisfacción o abandono prematuro.
Conclusiones: el instrumento PCOMS puede incrementar la efectividad de la psicoterapia en contextos de salud mental del sistema nacional de salud español.
Terapia de grupo o Terapia en Grupo
Authors: García Galeán Laura 
Published: March 2022

Recensión del artículo López-Yarto, L. E. (2002). Terapia de grupo o terapia en grupo. Aperturas Psicoanalíticas, 10. https://aperturas.org/articulo.php?articulo=0000193#contenido
IoT Online Monitoring System on Pulp and Paper Industry Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors: Sasongko Arif , Christyo Marcellino Agung , Krismono Alexander Marcelino , Maulana Aditya Rizky , Muchtar Elvayandri , Rizaluddin Andri Taufick 
Published: March 2022

As one of the largest wastewater producers in the world, the pulp and paper industry need to monitor the waste that they generated. To carry out this monitoring process, the majority of the pulp and paper industry still uses conventional offline methods to measure parameters in their wastewater treatment plants. The monitoring procedure is carried out by taking samples from the factory wastewater treatment plant and testing these samples in the laboratory. This procedure is very prone to errors caused by human. This method also cannot detect any violation, problem, or disturbance of the wastewater parameters in real time. In addition, in 2018, the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry issued a regulation requiring the pulp and paper industry to use a real-time online monitoring system for its wastewater treatment plant.
This paper presents an implementation of the system. There are several parameters that must be measured, two of them are pH and TSS (Total Suspended Solids). To measure these parameters, the regulation states that the online measurement system is carried out using the relevant electric probe sensor. Then the measurement results are displayed online on a specified platform hence that users can observe the results. This implementation uses a pH sensor to measure pH and a conductivity sensor to measure TSS. A conductivity sensor is used as a substitute due to the high cost of TSS sensor. This article analyses also the accuracy of the measurement.
Utilisation de schémas dans l'apprentissage de la biologie à l'école : la reproduction humaine
Authors: Gouanelle Colette , Schneeberger Patricia 
Published: March 2022

Dans le cadre d’une recherche de l'INRP, intitulée “Des images pour apprendre les sciences”, nous nous sommes intéressées aux situations didactiques au cours desquelles des élèves sont placés face à des images et nous avons conduit des observations dans des classes de CM1 et CM2 (enfants de 9 à 11 ans). Nous utilisons ici les résultats obtenus dans une classe de CM1 lors de l’étude de la reproduction humaine.
Partant du principe que tout apprentissage conceptuel doit se traduire par une évolution favorable des conceptions des élèves, nous avons mis en place un dispositif permettant de suivre pas à pas les progrès des élèves pour savoir si les tâches réalisées autour des images les aident à mieux comprendre les phénomènes étudiés. Nous nous sommes en particulier attachées aux tâches qui consistent à lire et à élaborer différents schémas et nous avons essayé d’évaluer leur efficacité.
Les activités proposées aux élèves avaient également pour but de développer leur capacité à schématiser et nous avons essayé d’évaluer les progrès effectués dans ce domaine.
Tableau noir et révolution. Etude du "rapport et projet de décret sur l'organisation générale de l'instruction publique".
Authors: Fricheau Catherine 
Published: March 2022

There has been an attempt to interpret in a new light the Project and Report on the General Organization of Public Instruction by defending the thesis that public education of the Third Republic does not continue along these same lines.
One must, therefore, turn to the 18th Century and to it alone in order to understand what Condorcet wants to do. First of all, one must try to explain why the 18th Century has such a craving for education ; Turgot's projects as well as those of Diderot and later on that of Talleyrand all give the same answer. The academic issue is absolutely linked to the national issue.
It is here that one discovers the originality of Condorcet's "Academic Plan". Education is the remedy not only for the political issue of national democracy, but also for those issues which are just as political-happiness, justice, liberty.
Why ? Because education gives the solution in che key-formula of all liberal politic. : equality of men = free education + secular knowledge.
One of Condorcet's greatest merits is that he exposed the meaning of this formula to its fullest for the first time ; he thought out completely all the contradictions contained in the definition of liberty as a simple attribute of theoretical reason. This idea must be seen as the key to all liberal thought. We have, therefore, deemed it important to compare the political meaning of Condorcet's plan with that of Talleyrand's and especially with that of Le Peletier de Saint Fargeau, whose plan was supported by Robespierre. This forces one to reconsider the debate of the Gironde and of La Montagne as a debate on the meaning of democracy, still a much discussed issue today.
La sorcière et le psychanalyste
Authors: Gautheron-Planel Marie 
Published: March 2022

In this study, we examine the discourse of early psychoanalysis on hysteria and its corollaries — simulation, seduction, perversion — : can it be situated in the tradition of the psychiatric discourse on the witch-cum -hysterical woman of the nineteenth century ?
Also, by comparing inquisitorial and analytical relationships, we try to see in which specific object the witch, that mythical subject in whom a contemporary feminist movement tries to seek its origins, constitutes the psychoanalyst.
«Si Plato viveret...» (Augustin, De vera religione, 3.3).
Authors: Madec Goulven 
Published: March 2022

Simplicianus expliquait que le Prologue johannique permet d’instaurer une confrontation générale du platonisme et du christianisme et de discerner entre eux un accord théologique fondamental, limité par une option christologique décisive. Augustin a fait de ce thème des reprises remarquables dans le De uera religione, dans les Confessions, la Lettre à Dioscore, les livres VIII-X de la Cité de Dieu , le livre XIII du De trinitate. On en voit ressortir nettement les traits du «platonisme selon saint Augustin» .
Les platoniciens ont connu Dieu ; ils ont eu quelque idée de la Trinité. Mais ils n’avaient pas l’autorité nécessaire pour persuader les masses de la vérité de leur doctrine. Il a fallu l’autorité du Christ. Désormais le platonisme trouve son accomplissement dans le christianisme. Il n’y a pas, dans l’esprit d’Augustin, de neutralité philosophique : il y a des platoniciens qui gâchent leur connaissance de Dieu en s’obstinant dans le paganisme, et des platoniciens qui promeuvent la vérité de leur doctrine, en reconnaissant le mystère de l’Incarnation du Verbe.
Histoire et Paranoïa : le cas Nixon dans The Public Burning de Robert Coover
Authors: Vieilledent Catherine 
Published: March 2022

This article focuses on Vice-President Nixon at the height of McCarthyism, the central character presented in Coover’s novel as a subject in becoming both on the levels of History and the writing process. The neurotic problematics, more precisely the logic of paranoia that prevails in the autobiographical narrative condition at once the report of collective crisis and the personal inquiry into the nature of reality.
In the midst of this ballet of the political staff of the fifties and the general ambience of hysteria and apocalypse, the paranoiac narrator becomes the interpreter of a reality which evades the simple categories of truth or falsehood and is revealed, on the contrary, radically ambivalent : interpretative frenzy is not merely an individual, but a collective disease, not a mere pathological label but exploratory dynamics. Nixon’s journey is a questioning of reality which articulates the polar opposites of arbitrariness and overdetermination.
Les nouveaux rapports ville-campagne en France. Un aspect du changement de mode de production
Authors: Savey Suzanne 
Published: March 2022

Le changement de mode de production qui, depuis ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler l’entrée en crise, provoque un renversement général des tendances dans la localisation des hommes et des activités, et, avec l’explosion des PME, dans l’organisation de la production, fait des périphéries rurales non industrialisées dans le passé, sans tradition ouvrière, à forte pression démographique et à fort taux de chômage, les pièces maîtresses de la restructuration en cours.
Un double processus de dévalorisation de l’espace urbain et de valorisation de l’espace rural suscite la mise en place d’un nouveau type d’espace, ni rural ni urbain, qui n’a pas encore de nom, qui autrefois périphérisé est aujourd’hui porteur de nouveaux dynamismes.
L'industrieuse enfance. Rappel du génie éducatif fouriériste
Authors: Lechevalier Bertrand 
Published: March 2022

Traitant du double projet d'une autre Pédagogie et d'une autre Société, l'exposé esquisse une synthèse des idées éducatives de Charles Fourier, et de ses disciples. Il s'agit, pour eux, de remettre à l'endroit le monde civilisé, dont l'organisation fausse le dynamisme d'une providentielle Nature. Or l'enfance est promesse d'Harmonie, si l’on sait développer ses attractions selon un régime pédagogique nouveau... Mieux produire par Industrie les effets dont la Nature est capable, tel est l'objectif du Génie éducatif Sociétaire, soucieux d'épanouir, par construction, le potentiel de chacun. Etre Soi suppose, selon cette rationalité passionnelle, être Ensemble et de façon fort attrayante !
Une telle présentation théorique peut en même temps servir d'introduction à l'intelligence d'une série de réalisations historiques marginales (crèches, orphelinats, écoles du Familistère,..) et fournir une clé pour interpréter les destins du courant de l'Education Intégrale (à travers Paul Robin jusqu'aux libertaires). Les idées excentriques des fouriéristes constituent également une origine, parfois occultée, et un horizon inassigné de tel ou tel aspect d'expériences «minimes» plus contemporaines.
Les exciseuses à la barre !
Authors: Lefeuvre-Déotte Martine 
Published: March 2022

En 1979, la justice française condamne une exciseuse sénégalaise, responsable de la mort d'une petite fille, à une peine d'une année d'emprisonnement avec sursis et à une amende légère. Comme si, la loi française embarrassée, s'interdisait finalement de juger. Depuis quelques années, ces procès ne relèvent plus d'un tribunal Correctionnel, l'Affaire Traoré est aujourd'hui en Cassation.
A quelle aune juger l'excision ? S'agit-il d'une pratique criminelle, marque de la domination masculine ? Le droit français, par exemple, peut-il confondre un père qui, dans sa folie, mutile son enfant, avec un haoussa ou un roucouleur qui demande à l'exciseuse d'obéir à la règle traditionnelle (et non à la loi) du groupe qui très fortement oblige ? Certaines ethnies africaines choisissent, aujourd'hui encore, le corps comme surface d'inscription, support de la mémoire. Que se joue-t-il de si important dans l'acte même de l'entaille ?