bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical frequency-standard transitions defined for ultrafast laser
Authors: Cheng Wang-Yau , Liu Tze-Wei , Chen Bo-Wei , Yu Hsin-Hung 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The clock transitions recommended by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) are never realized by the ultrafast laser, owing to the insufficient spectral resolution and the difficulty of removing the residual Doppler background. Hence, investigations on the related frequency accuracy were not yet reported in literature. In other words, when a metrologist intends to suggest some clock transitions for locking an ultrafast mode-locked laser to become comb clock, three essential criteria must be satisfied: 1) high spectral resolution in the pulse train-atom interaction in which the target quantum state have been recognized by BIPM or have been proved to yield high frequency reliability, 2) pulse repetition rate and laser mode offset frequency are uniquely defined by the aforementioned target levels, 3) and possible error sources that would influence the transition frequencies are clarified. In this report we meet the above three criteria by using merely one 6-cm Cs-Rb glass cell, with which we not only demonstrate a compact scheme but also point out some intriguing physics in comb laser-atom interaction that benefits to verify the frequency accuracy.
Comparison of Botulinum Toxin (BoNT) Injection and Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (redo-LIS) for Recurrent Anal Fissure Treatment
Authors: Alyanak Ahmet , Gülen Merter , Ege Bahadır 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Today’s gold standard for treating chronic anal fissure is the Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS). Botulinum Toxin (BoNT) injection is, on the other hand, an alternative treatment for patients who do not want to have surgical treatment, patients undergoing chemotherapy, patients of high risk for surgery, and those who have the risk of anal incontinence (e.g. elderly, past anorectal surgery, vaginal multiple births, etc.). The objective of this work is to compare the effectiveness of BoNT and redo-LIS for treatment of post-LIS recurrent chronic anal fissure, and reveal differences if any.Purpose: This study aims to compare redo-LIS and BoNT injection for treating post-LIS recurrent anal fissure.Material and method: Nineteen patients who received LIS treatment and then redo-LIS or BoNT injection due to recurrence in the follow-up were included in this study as they met the criteria for doing so. Their data on age, sex, anal incontinence scores and pain (VAS score) score as well. Results: During the 6-month post-surgery follow-up period, there was statistically significant difference (p<0.01) between groups by pain. No deterioration in the incontinence scores of patients in the group during the 6-month post-surgery period.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that redo lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) is a reliable method for patients who received LIS but developed recurrent chronic anal fissure, and achieves successful results in terms of recurrence and relief of pain.
Application of Machine-learning models in Predicting Transfusion Among Complex Renal Stones Patients Receiving Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Yue , Cao Zhi , Wang Wei , Yang Chenglin , Wang Kaiqiang , Qiu Xiaofu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: To predict and compare machine-learning models with logistic regression (LR) for transfusion requirement among complex renal stones patients receiving PCNL. Methods: The data of 513 patients with complex renal stones receiving PCNL between January 2015 and December 2021 from 2 centers were analyzed retrospectively and reviewed the pre-, intra-, and post-operation factors. We used 80% training set and 20% test set for the predictions of transfusion by LR and machine-learning algorithms, random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and extreme gradient boosting trees (XGBoost), and compared the prediction accuracies, precisions, and area under curve (AUC) values of receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curves in each model. Results: In our study, the prediction accuracies of RF (Accuracy = 0.974), SVM (Accuracy = 0.968) and XGBoost (Accuracy = 0.968) models all outperformed LR (Accuracy = 0.948), and the precision of RF (Precision = 0.818) was higher than XGBoost (Precision = 0.8), SVM (Precision = 0.8) and LR (Precision = 0.8). Moreover, RF (AUC = 0.962), SVM (AUC = 0.786) and XGBoost (AUC = 0.867) offered higher AUC values than LR (AUC = 0.77). The RF confirmed size of tract, number of tracts, and puncture correctness as significant risk factors, which was the same as LR model, while the size of tract was the main factor in XGBoost. Conclusions: All machine-learning algorithms yielded better predictions than LR for transfusion among PCNL patients. The importance of machine learning algorithm can give matched insights to domain knowledge on effective and influential factors for transfusion requirement.
Comparison of segmentectomy guided by thin-slice CT or 3D CT simulation: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhao Yunpeng , Shan Lei , Zhang Weiquan , Peng Chuanliang , Cong Bo , Zhao Xiaogang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: We first introduce in detail how to read and understand thin-slice CT images to guide segmentectomy and then compare it with guidance by three-dimensional (3D) CT simulation.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 111 patients who underwent VATS segmentectomy from September 2019 to September 2021. They were divided into the CT group (55 cases) and 3D simulation group (56 cases). Mean values were compared using Student’s t test, and frequency distributions were compared using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test.Results: The mean patient age in the CT and 3D simulation groups was 55.9 and 55.7 years, respectively, with 31 (56.4%) and 33 (58.9%) females in the CT and 3D simulation groups, respectively. Preoperative hospitalized preparation required an average of 2.8 days in the CT group compared to 3.6 days in 3D simulation group (p=0.0018). An average preoperative decision time of 1.3 days was required in the CT group, which was significantly different from the 2.3 days required in the 3D simulation group (p=0.0000). Noncomplex segmentectomy and some cases of complex segmentectomy, could be performed under the guidance of scientific reading of thin-slice CT images. There was no significant difference in the number of times the CT images or 3D simulation needed to be referenced during surgery (P=0.233) between the two groups.Conclusions: The scientific reading and understanding of thin-slice CT images may provide good guidance in most cases of VATS segmentectomy, shortening the preoperative preparation time and total hospital stay, constituting high-efficiency thoracic surgery to treat lung glass ground nodule with ERAS.
Prediction and Spatial Interpretation of Meteorological Factors With Neonatal Mortality Rate
Authors: MATHUR SANDEEP 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Around a million infants die in India each year. The NMR (Neonatal Mortality Rate) reduced from 18 for every 1000 live births that is 1.8 percent in 2011 to 12 for every 1000 that is 1.2 percent in 2016. Still, the problem with it is that this decline in rate has been low, and when compared to the infant and mortality rate, it is still lower. Among all the neonatal deaths, the rate of decay of in Early "Neonatal Mortality Rate (ENMR)" is much lower than that of recent NMR according to the Registrar General of India giving the Sample Registration Statistical Report (SRS). The anthropogenic exercises of current years have encouraged the increment of elements of gases and particulate matter in the environment bringing about changes in the atmosphere influencing human wellbeing, especially the sensitive neonatal of the nation. The present paper evaluates the spatial translation of meteorological factor temperature affecting the neonatal death rate of Delhi, including the level of neonatal mortality rate and early neonatal mortality rate utilizing Multinomial logistic regression model and Pearson's Correlation coefficient for discovering the association for the equivalent.
Human serum parabens levels and their associations with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Qu Jianli , Zhao Yun , Zhao Meirong , Wu Pengfei , Xue Jing , jin hangbiao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Parabens are widely used in consumer products resulting in frequent exposure to humans. To date, little is known about the association between human paraben exposure and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, a case-control cohort (n = 290) was established in Hangzhou, China, aiming to quantify the concentrations of methyl paraben (MeP), ethyl paraben (EtP), propyl paraben (PrP), and butyl paraben (BuP) in serum samples and to determine their associations with RA risks. MeP (mean 4.7 ng/mL, range < LOD–20 ng/mL) was the predominant paraben in human serum, followed by PrP (1.9 ng/mL, < LOD–24 ng/mL), EtP (1.4 ng/mL, < LOD–10 ng/mL), and BuP (1.09 ng/mL, < LOD–10 ng/mL). Human serum concentrations of MeP were correlated with the levels of rheumatoid factors [adjusted β = 0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12, 0.46], anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (adjusted β = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.58), immunoglobulin G (adjusted β = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.30). Significant associations between serum MeP (adjusted β = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.037, 0.28) and PrP (adjusted β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.080, 0.38) levels were associated with C-reactive protein levels. In addition, an association between serum MeP levels and the incidence of RA (odds ratios (OR)crude = 1.337, CI: 1.110, 1.624, p = 0.03; ORadjusted = 1.866, CI: 1.321, 2.636, p = 0.02) was positive and significant. Based on the measurements of serum parabens concentrations, this work supports the evidence for the significant associations among parabens exposure, change of specific immune marker, and RA risks.
Wind-induced sediment dynamics impact on turbidity for watrerworks in Taihu Basin (China) based on numerical simulation
Authors: Yao Xinyu , Liu Xiaowei , Zhou Yongchao , Zhang Liang , Zhou Zhixu , Zhang Yiping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Lake Taihu is an important drinking water source for cities in the Yangtze River Delta region, while the dramatic fluctuation in turbidity has caused serve problems for local waterworks management. Because the sediment behavior induced by wind disturbance was believed to be the main factor for the matter, the effect of wind fields on the hydrodynamics and sediment distribution of Lake Taihu and the turbidity of the raw water were conducted based on a wind-driven numerical model. The obtained results indicate that wind direction was more influential on the structure of flow and wave fields, while wind speed contributed more to the field intensity, and the suspended sediment of the water intake area primarily consisted of migrated particles from other erosion regions. The high consistency between the simulated suspended sediment concentration and the turbidity with a lag effect of 7 h made it possible for turbidity prediction when combined with the weather forecast technique. The model achieved operation adjustment in advance, thus improving the management efficiency of the waterworks.
Effect of Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) Centered on Pregnant Women with Pulmonary Hypertension on Treatment and Outcomes of Pregnancy
Authors: Chen Wenjie , Luo Jun , Chen Jingyuan , Chen Yusi , Li Zilu , Qiu Haihua , Li Jiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The importance of multidisciplinary team (MDT) centered on pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been highlighted. However, rare studies have explored the its effects on pregnancy outcomes. This study seeks to investigate whether and how the MDT has an effect on the treatment and outcomes of PH pregnant women.
Methods
A pre- and post-intervention study was conducted based on an interrupted time series design to compare the treatment and outcomes of patients with PH before (pre-MDT) and after (post-MDT) implementation of the MDT. PH was defined as pulmonary artery systolic pressure (sPAP) ≥ 40 mmHg measured by echocardiography or right heart catheterization and sPAP at 40–60mmHg and over 60mmHg was defined as mild and severe PH, respectively. All results were analyzed by T-tests, Chi square tests or Fisher exact test and two-sided p-value < 0.05 was set to be statistically significant.
Results
149 pregnancies were found in 143 women with PH. Overall, 46 pregnancies were elective abortions, remaining 49 and 54 pregnancies completing delivery in the pre-MDT group and post-MDT group, respectively. Five (10.2%) mother and seven (8.6%) neonatal died in the former, while no maternal deaths but 1.9% neonatal death occurred in the latter. In subgroup analysis, maternal and fetal/neonatal complications were higher in patients with severe PH and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III/IV and all maternal deaths occurred in class III/IV women. In pre-MDT and post-MDT groups, there were 8 and 22 pregnant women receiving the pulmonary-specific therapy and completing delivery, respectively. The percentage of heart failure and urgent cesarean of pre-MDT group was higher than the post-MDT group (30.6% vs. 12.9%, p = 0.02; 40.8% vs. 14.8%, p = 0.01, respectively).
Conclusion
Implementing the MDT decreased the rate of urgent cesarean section and heart failure in patients with PH and no maternal death occurred in the post-MDT group. Pregnant women with severe PH and NYHA FC III/IV might have poor prognosis, whereas the use of pulmonary-specific therapy might improve outcomes of pregnancy in PH.
Tool condition monitoring based on the fractal analysis of current and cutting force signals during CFRP trimming
Authors: Jamshidi Maryam , Chatelain Jean-François , Rimpault Xavier , Balazinski Marek 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) is becoming more popular in the aerospace industry due to its high strength-to-weight ratio and low weight. Machining CFRP to achieve the required surface quality, on the other hand, remains a challenge. High temperature in the cutting zone area affects the tool life and surface quality of the machined part. A thermally affected matrix makes an inaccurate interpretation of the surface quality. Then, the roughness parameters cannot be an appropriate indicator for surface evaluation of the CFRP. In the aerospace industry, however, ensuring the acceptable surface quality of a part is essential. Minimizing and controlling tool wear is necessary to avoid degrading the finished surface and losing the dimensional accuracy of the final part. Early detection of tool wear and appropriate surface quality in finishing operations can be achieved using online tool condition monitoring. Cutting forces and electric current signals related to the spindle during machining are very responsive to cutting conditions and can accurately represent tool condition changes. Fractal analysis, as a new approach in the online tool condition monitoring, can assess the tool condition during machining. This research investigates the fractal analysis of the spindle electric current signal and the total cutting force signal while trimming CFRP using a CVD end mill through three different tool life conditions, e.g. new tool, moderately worn tool, and severely worn tool. The empirical fractal index is also introduced to assess the tool condition and ensure the acceptable surface qualities in the finishing operations. The effectiveness of fractal analysis as a decision-making method in the tool condition monitoring was successfully proven in this study.
Nonlinear dynamic characteristic analysis of the composite rotor-bearing system with pedestal looseness
Authors: Yang Mo , Xuan Hao , Xiong Wei , Liu Dezheng , Zhou Yuebin , Zhang Wen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic of a composite rotor-bearing system with multi-degree-of-freedom are analyzed. The composite rotor is supported by sliding bearing, with a base loosening fault at one end. The orthotropic anisotropy of composite materials, the nonlinear oil film force and pedestal looseness are fully considered. Then, the motion equations of the composite rotor-bearing system are established by the lumped mass model. Various nonlinear phenomena compressing periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic motions of the composite rotor system are analyzed. The results show that the rotor system is unstable in the form of oil film instability at low speeds and loosening instability at high speeds. The laminate parameters has an important impact on the stability of the rotor system. The ratio of the small orientation angle layer or the ± 45° layer shall be maximized so as to improve the oil film instability speed of the composite rotor system. While the loosening instability speed mainly depends on the stiffness of the composite rotor.
Research on the Effect of Cockpit Knob Interface Layout and Position on Change Blindness
Authors: JIN Huibin , YANG Xianxi , CHANG Yinxia , LI Kun , ZOU Guoliang , GAO Weipeng , ZHU Mengchang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The phenomenon of change blindness in the process of aircraft flying is easy to cause pilots to miss the key information prompt, resulting in huge safety risks. In order to ensure flight safety by reducing the occurrence of change blindness, this research adopts the forced detection paradigm and eye tracking technology, combining keystroke accuracy, reaction time, average fixation time, fixation point number to explore stimulus presentation time, knob interface layout complexity, and influence of the position of the knob on change blindness. Therefore, it provides theoretical guidance on how to reduce the incidence of change blindness. The results showed that increasing the time of stimulus presentation could improve the efficiency of change detection and reduce the probability of change blindness. The more concise and reasonable the knob interface layout is, the more beneficial it is in reducing the cognitive load of the subjects and improving the change detection ability of the subjects, thereby reducing the incidence of change blindness. The subjects tended to devote more attention to the central knob, and the identification and processing of information were more comprehensive, meaning the success rate of change detection was higher. It is also proved that there is no interaction between these factors.
Reduced Circulating Soluble Receptor For Advanced Glycation End-products in Chronic Hepatitis B Are Associated with Hepatic Necroinflammation
Authors: Zhang Xiuyu , You Yan , Liu Qiao , Sun Xiaoyu , Chen Weixian , Duan Liang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The diagnosis and disease management of Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remain challenging due to the elusive assessment of disease severity. Recently, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) has been shown to be implicated in the inflammatory-immune response initiated by liver injury. Nonetheless, its natural behavior and clinical importance in CHB remain elusive. One hundred and twenty CHB patients and forty healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled, and the serum sRAGE as well as RAGE expressin in biopsy specimens from these subjects was analyzed, and correlation of sRAGE with clinical features as well as its potential predictive value for monitoring the CHB was also evaluated. Reduced serum sRAGE levels and decreased tissular RAGE expression were observed in CHB patients. sRAGE and RAGE were inversely correlated with gradually increased grades of hepatic necroinflammation as well as the routine indicator ALT. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that combination of ALT and sRAGE exerted better predictive power (area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.86) for hepatic necroinflammation than that of ALT (AUC of 0.82), sRAGE (AUC of 0.81) or sRAGE-to-ALT ratio (sRAGE/ALT) (AUC of 0.85) alone. More importantly, circulating sRAGE alone exerted valuable predictive power for hepatic moderate-to-severe necroinflammation in CHB patients but with normal ALT (AUC of 0.81) or minimally elevated ALT (AUC of 0.85). In conclusion, reduced serum sRAGE levels may imply an increased severity for necroinflammation, and it may serve as a potential alternative biomarker for monitoring hepatic necroinflammation in CHB.
Alternative use of phage display: Phage M13 can remain viable in the intestines of poultry without causing damage
Authors: Santos Fabiana de Almeida Araújo , Junior Edson Campos Valadares , Goulart Luiz Ricardo , Nunes Pedro Lucas Figueiredo , Mendonça Eliane Pereira , Girão Lúcio Vilela Carneiro , Hora Aline Santana da , Ferreira Thatiana Bragine , Bastos Luciana Machado , Medeiros-Ronchi Alessandra Aparecida , Fonseca Belchiolina Beatriz 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Phage display (PD) is a tool for developing new molecules to control pathogens. Peptides selected by PD are commonly synthesised and tested, but the use of phage M13 displaying the selected peptides as a direct biding in the intestinal tract has not yet been tested. This study evaluated whether phage M13 can remain viable in the chicken gastrointestinal tract and whether it causes injury or humoral immune response. We inoculated phage M13 or E. coli ER2738 (ECR) infected with M13 into birds at different ages. We found the virus in faeces at 5 or 13 days after inoculation, just when it infected the ECR. The presence of phage M13 or ECR did not result in gut injuries and had no impacts on weight gain and bird health. Furthermore, the levels of IgY were similar in all treatments, which indicates that the virus can be used in chicken until 42 days without being recognised by the immune system. This work provides a scientific basis for the use of PD as a tool in numerous applications to control different pathogens.
Precipitation forecasting based on deep learning strategy using empirical wavelet transform, Markov chain-incorporated long-short term memory network
Authors: YANG Jie , Tang Rui , Lan Kun , Wang Han , Zhang Lin , Fong Simon 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Accurate and stable precipitation forecasting can better reflect the changing trend of climate and also provide timely and efficient environmental information for a management decision, as well as prevent the occurrence of floods or droughts. This study proposes a hybrid model for precipitation forecasting and demonstrates its efficiency. Firstly, the empirical wavelet transform (EWT) is introduced to decompose and pre-analysis hidden characteristics of the precipitation data. Secondly, The Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network is improved in combination with the Markov Chain (MC) algorithm, thus providing more precise forecasting results for rainless and rainy months and mitigating any extreme and non-physical precipitation generation. Thirdly, the multi-step prediction is explored to improve the reliability and flexibility of rainfall. Monthly precipitation data is used as illustrative cases to verify the performance of the proposed model. Parallel experiments using non-decomposing models, other traditional machine learning approaches optimized by the mind evolution algorithm have been designed and conducted to compare with the proposed model. Results indicated that the proposed hybrid model can capture the nonlinear characteristics of the precipitation time series, thus provides more precise forecasting results.