bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast Procedural Level Population with Playability Constraints
Authors: Horswill Ian , Foged Leif 
Published: October 2022

We examine the use of constraint propagation for populating indoor game levels with enemies and other objects. We introduce a notion of path constraints, which bound some function over the possible paths a player might take, and show how to efficiently place objects while guaranteeing path constraints. This allows the system to guarantee that power-ups are balanced to the number of enemies occurring in the level, that they’re placed early enough to be useful, that keys are not hidden behind the doors they are intended to unlock, and so on. We describe a constraint solver based on interval methods that allows natural processing of numeric constraints and show that it is efficient enough to be used even on very low-end platforms.
CLASSQ-L: A Q-Learning Algorithm for Adversarial Real-Time Strategy Games
Authors: Jaidee Ulit , Munoz-Avila Hector 
Published: October 2022

We present CLASSQ-L (for: class Q-learning) an application of the Q-learning reinforcement learning algorithm to play complete Wargus games. Wargus is a real-time strategy game where players control armies consisting of units of different classes (e.g., archers, knights). CLASSQ-L uses a single table for each class of unit so that each unit is controlled and updates its class’ Q-table. This enables rapid learning as in Wargus there are many units of the same class. We present initial results of CLASSQ-L against a variety of opponents.
Creating Playable Social Experiences through Whole-Body Interaction with Virtual Characters
Authors: Shapiro Daniel , McCoy Josh , Grow April , Samuel Ben , Stern Andrew , Swanson Reid , Treanor Mike , Mateas Michael 
Published: October 2022

This paper describes work towards the goal of enabling unscripted interaction with non-player characters in virtual environments. We hypothesize that we can define a layer of social affordances, based on physical and non-verbal signals exchanged between individuals and groups, which can be reused across games. We have implemented a first version of that substrate that employs whole body interaction with virtual characters and generates nuanced, real-time character performance in response. We describe the playable experience produced by the system, the implementation architecture (based on the behavior specification technology used in Façade, the social model employed in Prom Week, and gesture recognition technology), and illustrate the key behaviors and programming idioms that enable character performance. These idioms include orthogonal coding of attitudes and activities, use of relational rules to nominate social behavior, use of volition rules to rank options, and priority based interleaving of character animations.
Distance-Based Construction Behaviors for Dynamic Grid-Based Worlds
Authors: Myers Charles , Karnick Pushpak 
Published: October 2022

This paper proposes a method for the development of AI for autonomous agents in game worlds modeled by fixed regular grids. This approach uses context behaviors driven by distance maps to support multiple agents in a dynamic environment. This paper introduces the notion of hierarchical distance maps which allow for higher-level goals to be easily specified by designers. We also discuss potential applications of our approach in the design and development of agents and behaviors in the block world genre.
Friendsourcing for the Greater Good: Perceptions of Social Microvolunteering
Authors: Brady Erin , Morris Meredith , Bigham Jeffrey 
Published: October 2022

People with disabilities can be reluctant to friendsource help from their own friends for fear of appearing dependent or annoying. Our social microvolunteering approach has volunteers post friendsourcing tasks on behalf of people with disabilities. We demonstrate this approach via a Facebook application that answers visual questions on behalf of blind users.
Modeling Task Complexity in Crowdsourcing
Authors: Yang Jie , Redi Judith , Demartini Gianluca , Bozzon Alessandro 
Published: October 2022

Complexity is crucial to characterize tasks performed by humans through computer systems. Yet, the theory and practice of crowdsourcing currently lacks a clear understanding of task complexity, hindering the design of effective and efficient execution interfaces or fair monetary rewards. To understand how complexity is perceived and distributed over crowdsourcing tasks, we instrumented an experiment where we asked workers to evaluate the complexity of 61 real-world re-instantiated crowdsourcing tasks. We show that task complexity, while being subjective, is coherently perceived across workers; on the other hand, it is significantly influenced by task type. Next, we develop a high-dimensional regression model, to assess the influence of three classes of structural features (metadata, content, and visual) on task complexity, and ultimately use them to measure task complexity. Results show that both the appearance and the language used in task description can accurately predict task complexity. Finally, we apply the same feature set to predict task performance, based on a set of 5 years-worth tasks in Amazon MTurk. Results show that features related to task complexity can improve the quality of task performance prediction, thus demonstrating the utility of complexity as a task modeling property.
Capturing Ambiguity in Crowdsourcing Frame Disambiguation
Authors: Dumitrache Anca , Aroyo Lora , Welty Chris 
Published: October 2022

FrameNet is a computational linguistics resource composed of semantic frames, high-level concepts that represent the meanings of words. In this paper, we present an approach to gather frame disambiguation annotations in sentences using a crowdsourcing approach with multiple workers per sentence to capture inter-annotator disagreement. We perform an experiment over a set of 433 sentences annotated with frames from the FrameNet corpus, and show that the aggregated crowd annotations achieve an F1 score greater than 0.67 as compared to expert linguists. We highlight cases where the crowd annotation was correct even though the expert is in disagreement, arguing for the need to have multiple annotators per sentence. Most importantly, we examine cases in which crowd workers could not agree, and demonstrate that these cases exhibit ambiguity, either in the sentence, frame, or the task itself, and argue that collapsing such cases to a single, discrete truth value (i.e. correct or incorrect) is inappropriate, creating arbitrary targets for machine learning.
BREEDING SORGHUM FOR GRAIN, FORAGE AND BIOENERGY IN BRAZIL
Authors: VON PINHO RENZO GARCIA , VIEIRA SILV ERIC VINICIUS , OLIVEIRA THIAGO LUCAS DE , SOUZA VANDER FILIPE DE , MENEZES CICERO BESERRA DE 
Published: October 2022

Sorghum is a versatile crop used for energy production, human and animal feedings, and raw material for industry. The grain sorghum is the fifth most important cereal worldwide, and Brazil is one of the top 10 sorghum producers. In the last 40 years, the sorghum grain yield in Brazil has increased to 32.70 kg ha-1 year -1. Although this clear evolution, much remains to be done, and sorghum breeders in Brazil still face several challenges. This review discusses the main characteristics of sorghum genetics and breeding, aiming for sorghum improvement for food, fodder, feed, and fuel uses. Herein will be highlighted essential topics related to the genetic control of the main interest traits; conventional sorghum breeding; the development of sorghum lines and hybrids; the use of male-sterility in sorghum breeding; the implication of genotypes-by-environments interaction in sorghum, the use of genome-wide association studies, and genomic prediction to maximize the efficiency of the sorghum breeding programs.
Subsunção e Assimilação Local. da Apropriação do Trabalho à Subordinação dos Espaços Locais.
Authors: Da Silva Mota Giovane 
Published: October 2022

Afirmamos desde já que a subsunção se põe para o capitalismo como forma de apropriação do valor do trabalho, quer em sua forma mais simples, quer em sua forma mais avançada e acabada. É, portanto, uma forma de relação do capitalismo, do capital para com o trabalho, que está na base do intercâmbio do valor.A diferença mais imediata da subsunção formal para com a subsunção real está na natureza e nos mecanismos de apropriação do trabalho, seja na forma-produto, seja na forma-valor, em cada momento histórico distinto e, assim, nas formas socioprodutivas manifestas enquanto divisão do trabalho e circulação do valor.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL COMO POSSIBILIDADE DE COMPREENSÃO CRÍTICA E SUPERAÇÃO DA CONDIÇÃO DE POBREZA E DESIGUALDADE SOCIAL
Authors: Dias Ferreira Pontes Lana Glayce , Loureiro Marilena 
Published: October 2022

Este artigo objetiva compreender a relação entre a educação, a pobreza e a desigual- dade social no Município de Itaituba - Estado do Pará - Brasil. Examina-se o programa Bolsa Família, procurando compreender se esse programa possibilita, ou incentiva, a permanência dos alunos na escola, tendo como base os dados obtidos na pesquisa de campo realizada no município, coletados entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2017. Tendo em vista que a educação ambiental busca ultrapassar os limites dos muros da educação formal, transcendendo os limites do campo científico e estabelecendo um diálogo com os vários segmentos da sociedade. Cunha (2001) a rompe com as perspectivas lineares, fragmentárias, coisificadoras e unidimensionais, calcadas em estruturas totalitárias, pro- pondo a possibilidade de realizar uma educação que estabeleça relações claras com a condição social dos alunos, com o real compromisso e responsabilidade na construção de possibilidades de mudanças na condição social de cada aluno, a partir da realização de uma educação crítica e emancipadora, conforme Freire (2016). Segundo Leff (2001) a apropriação subjetiva da realidade imprime novos sentidos civilizatórios ao mundo. Para Amartya Sen (2010) a relação entre baixa renda e baixa capacidade (econômica, política, social, garantias de transparência, segurança) é variável entre comunidades e até mesmo entre famílias e indivíduos. Ele afirma que o impacto da renda sobre as capacidades do indivíduo são contingentes e condicionais, ou seja, que são incertas e que dependem das circunstâncias nas quais o indivíduo esta envolto, dentre elas, por exemplo, a idade, o sexo, localização, condições epidemiológicas e por outras variações sobre as quais uma pessoa pode não ter controle, ou ter controle limitado. Daí a im- portância da ação pública, através da educação e políticas públicas destinadas a reduzir a desigualdade e a pobreza e procurar atender estas variáveis.
VULNERABILIDADE DO CONHECIMENTO TRADICIONAL VERSUS INTERESSES DE MERCADO: PERCEPÇÕES REGISTRADAS EM COMUNIDADES NO MUNICÍPIO DE ABAETETUBA - PARÁ
Authors: Santos Eduardo da Silva , Moraes Sérgio Cardoso de , Santos Leonardo Silveira , Barbosa Wagner L. Ramos 
Published: October 2022

O estudo em questão aborda a relação comercial existente entre uma comunidade tradicional ribeirinha e o mercado financeiro, representado por empresas ligadas a biotecnologia, procurando de uma certa forma, apresentar o modo desproporcional do lucro, ou seja, a total inexistência da equidade nesta equação. Em consequência, essa relação desequilibrada entre os atores, acarreta uma baixíssima condição às comunidades tradicionais na inserção de forma competitiva no mercado e, assim, atingirem uma melhor condição financeira e qualidade de vida. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Conhecimentotradicional, Mercado, Vulnerabilidade.
Improvement of soft skills in preschool teachers through gamification
Authors: Zhakupova Altynay , Yerkebayeva Saule , Zhumasheva Tolkyn , Myshbayeva Gulmira , Zhandildina Roza , Mukhanbetzhanova Ardak 
Published: October 2022

With the use of education in technology, many applications in the field of education are among these teaching methods and techniques in gamification. Gamification provides many skill acquisitions. In this study, it is aimed to examine the opinions of teachers about the social skills gains of gamification for the application of gamification in preschool education. The qualitative method was used in the research. The study was conducted using the case study design, one of the qualitative research methods. Interviews were conducted with 35 preschool teachers working in independent kindergartens. The data obtained, as a result of the research, were analysed in detail using the content analysis method. As a result of the research, it was concluded that gamification education is especially effective in the preschool period and is effective in gaining skills for children. In the same way, it is seen that there are some problems in the implementation of gamification training. These problems can be eliminated with in-service training. It can be solved by providing technological support tools at school.
Keywords: Gamification, acquisition, preschool, teacher, education;
Technologies for developing language communication through creative thinking
Authors: Aigerim Bogenbayeva , Fauziya Orazbayeva , Meruyert Imankulova , Gulnara Abdrahman , Zharkinay Kokanova 
Published: October 2022

The study’s goal is to use technology to improve language communication among primary school students through creative thinking. The research was applied in the spring term of 2021–2022. The study, which was carried out with the participation of 162 primary school students, was carried out using the quantitative research model. In the study, primary school students received 3 weeks of distance education and technology applications to improve language communication. In order to collect data for the study, a data collection tool developed by the people who created the problem was used. The findings collected from the data collection tool used in the research were added to the research in the form of tables and comments. When the results obtained are taken into consideration, it is seen that the language communication of the primary school students is improved with the use of technology and that they will use this field in their education.
Keywords: Primary school students, language communication, technologies, distance education;
Opportunities of innovator technologies in the educational process
Authors: Elmira Uaidullakyzy , Nikolaevna Radchenko Natalya , Izmagambetova Raissa , Zhussupbekova Gulsara , Gennadievna Sakhariyeva Svetlana , Kulzhanovna Yegenissova Almazhai 
Published: October 2022

Digital generation and digital native concepts have become today’s terms. Along with technological developments, it is important to look at the changes with technological tools in the education process. Identifying innovator technologies used in the education process will contribute to future research. In this context, the aim of this study is to examine the documents related to the opportunities of innovator technologies in education scanned in the Web of Science database thematically and methodologically. In order to achieve this aim, a case study, one of the qualitative research methods, was adopted. In the selection of the articles included in the study, the sample was not determined and it was aimed to reach the whole universe. In this context, the documents in the Web of Science database were accessed through the library system of the university. While scanning the documents, the keywords ‘education’ and ‘technology’ were searched in all fields, and the keyword ‘innovator’ was searched within the title and all studies were found. The findings obtained from the research are explained in detail with the content analysis method. The research findings reached 505 documents. As a result of this research, it was concluded that the most work was carried out in 2016. It was concluded that the first study was carried out in 2004. With regard to the document type of the published studies, the most were proceedings papers (138). In the field of visual arts, the field in which the teachers’ work related to technology was mostly carried out was Education and Educational Research (119). The language most used was English (162).
Keywords: Innovative approach, technology, education, educational opportunity;
Entre la fragilidad de la vida y la insistencia del mundo
Authors: Skliar Carlos Bernardo 
Published: October 2022

Este texto intenta abordar las relaciones entre conocimiento, mundo y vida y sus relaciones con la educación. El problema del conocer es planteado en términos de una contradicción entre saber y aprender, busca en la narración de la experiencia su expresión más acabada y distingue las nociones de posición y exposición. Para ello se toma como punto de partida la distinción entre el estar y el ser o, para decirlo de otro modo, con las formas del estar siendo que escapan de su identificación o su conversión en formas reconocibles de la existencia humana.
Analysis of Regulatory Documents for Determining Loads for Buildings and Structures
Authors: Davydov E. Yu. 
Published: October 2022

The calculation of building structures begins with the determination of loads and effects. The correctness of determining the values of loads and impacts, and in particular their calculated values, largely determines the reliability of structural forms, their durability and economic efficiency. The paper considers the regulatory documents for determining snow, wind and crane loads, as well as loads due to their own weight of load-bearing and enclosing structures. In most cases, changing the values of snow loads in the direction of their increase is labor- and material-intensive, since after this, it is required to examine all the supporting structures that perceive snow loads, recalculation them, and quite often, strengthen them. It is proposed to review snow loads no more than once every 20–25 years. Wind speed increases with height increases. This is confirmed by statistical data obtained at many weather stations located in the Republic of Belarus and foreign countries. Failure to take into account the change in wind pressure along the height leads to significant increase in the efforts from the wind load by 2-3 times. The increase in the efforts from the wind load, as well as from the snow load, entails the need for a mass survey of buildings and structures and, as a rule, expensive work to strengthen the supporting structures. Determination of loads from overhead cranes in the current regulatory documents is completely focused on the characteristics of European hoisting mechanisms, which largely does not correspond to the characteristics of cranes used in the Republic of Belarus. It is proposed to determine crane loads according to SP [Sanitary Regulations] CYbG20.133330.2011 “Loads and impacts” (updated edition of SNiP [Construction Standards and Regulations] 2.01.07–85*). When determining the design loads from the own mass of structural forms, the reliability factor for loads is used. The values of these coefficients in the current regulatory documents are unreasonably high, especially for metal structures.
Directions for Improving Business Models of Industrial Enterprises in the Republic of Belarus in the Context of Digitalization
Authors: Solodovnikov S. Y. , Serhiyevich T. V. 
Published: October 2022

Directions for improving the business models of industrial enterprises in the Republic of Belarus in the context of digitalization have been developed. Studies of the theoretical foundations of business models transformation have been carried out in the industry. To achieve this goal, tasks such as identifying the specifics of the digital transformation of an industrial enterprise, studying the prerequisites for the transformation of business models of industrial enterprises in the Republic of Belarus in the context of digitalization, developing and essentially characterizing areas for improving the business models of industrial enterprises in the Republic of Belarus in the context of digitalization. The materials used are the works of domestic and foreign scientists-economists, data from research reports performed by the authors, and national statistical data. The systematic and institutional approaches, analysis and synthesis have been applied. A methodological approach has been developed to transform the business model under the influence of digitalization as to the process of irreversible qualitative changes in the mechanism of reproduction of the use value of the economic system, due to the introduction of digital technologies and tools in production and business processes, in systems of interaction with other participants in the value chain and consumers, as well as in the goods or services themselves. This made it possible to explore the possibilities of transforming business models under the influence of digitalization of the interaction of an enterprise with other participants in the value chain (network) and the state; interaction between the enterprise and the consumer; improvement of internal production and business processes, including creation of digital services. Technical-technological and organizational-economic relations at an industrial enterprise are considered as factors in the digitalization of its business model. As prerequisites for the transformation of business models of industrial enterprises in the Republic of Belarus in the context of digitalization, the following were identified: an increase in the access of industrial enterprises to computing power, high-speed data transfer, and cloud technologies; a positive dynamics of indicators of digitalization of the Belarusian economy and society, digitalization of the sphere of public administration and interactions “state-business” and “state-population”. All this, as a result of the study, made it possible to develop directions for improving the business models of industrial enterprises in the Republic of Belarus in the context of digitalization.
Sub-analysis of multi-center planning radiosurgery for intracranial metastases through automation (MC-PRIMA) comparing plan quality between UK and International Centers
Authors: Chan Mark K.H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
A sub-analysis of the MC-PRIMA study was performed to compare the plan quality of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to brain metastases between UK and other international centers.
Methods and materials:
Six SRS centers from the UK and nineteen from other international centers autoplanned using the Multiple Brain Mets software for a five brain metastases study case from the planning competition that was originally organized by the Trans-Tasmania Radiation Oncology Group (TROG). 23 dosimetric metrics and the resulting composite plan score (maximum 150) per the TROG planning competition were compared between the UK and the other international centers. Planning experience and planning time from each planner were recorded and compared.
Results
Planning experiences between two groups are equal. Except for mean dose to the hippocampus, all other 22 dosimetric metrics were comparable between the UK and the other international centers. The inter-planner variations in these 23 dosimetric metrics and the composite plan score were also statistically equivalent. Planning time is slightly longer in the UK group (mean = 86.8 minutes ) with a mean difference of 50.3 minutes.
Conclusions
Autoplanning effectively achieves standardization of the plan quality of SRS to multiple brain metastases within UK and further against other international centers. Significant planning efficiency gain may help to increase the capacity of SRS service by alleviating the clinical and technical loadings.