bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of single question mental health surveillance in chronic disease
Authors: White Mary , Pelly Rachel , Le Jane , Dove Lucy , Connolly Sarah , Morgan Alice , Reid Dave , Haslam Ric , Hiscock Harriet 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the (1) feasibility and acceptability of administering single question mental health surveillance to carers of children with chronic disease in the inpatient setting and (2) sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of this question to detect ‘at risk’ children compared with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).DesignCross-sectional pilotSettingDay Medical Unit of a tertiary paediatric hospital, 1 April 2021–31 July 2021.PatientsCarers of children aged 2–17 years with chronic medical conditions.InterventionsCaregivers were asked to respond to ‘Thinking about your child’s mental health over the past 4 weeks, are they thriving/coping/struggling/always overwhelmed?’ during the admission process. All carers and children 11–17 years were invited to complete the SDQ.Main outcome measuresFeasibility and acceptability were determined by nursing feedback. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were determined by comparing question responses with clinical cut-points on the SDQ.Results213 carers responded to the question. Nurses reported that the question was easy (12/14) or moderately easy (2/14) to use and was ‘easily understood’ (6/14) or ‘understood after some explanation’ (8/14) for most carers. The question demonstrated a high specificity (0.98)/PPV (0.87) but low sensitivity (0.2) when thriving/coping were considered together whereas when thriving was compared with all other responses the sensitivity increased to 0.7.ConclusionsSingle question mental health surveillance appears acceptable to carers and nursing staff and has a high level of specificity for children who are ‘struggling’ or ‘always overwhelmed’ versus the SDQ screening measure.
Acute inhalation lung injury secondary to zinc and copper aspiration from food contact dust
Authors: Moss James , Sinha Aditi , Messahel Shrouk , Grime Christopher 
Published: June 2022

A previously healthy boy of preschool age was brought to the emergency department by ambulance with respiratory distress following the accidental inhalation of food contact dust (cake decorating powder). Prehospital oxygen saturations were 80% in room air. Initial treatment was with oxygen, nebulised salbutamol, oral dexamethasone and intravenous amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Treatment was escalated to nasal high flow oxygen therapy and high dependency care within 8 hours. Lung fields on his initial chest X-ray were clear but the following day showed perihilar infiltrates extending into the lower zones in keeping with inflammation. He was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone, followed by a weaning dose of oral prednisolone over 14 days.He required oxygen therapy for 9 days and remained in hospital for 11 days. Outpatient follow-up, 24 days after the inhalation took place was reassuring with the child showing no signs of abnormal respiratory symptoms.
Cardiac microstructural alterations measured by echocardiography identify sex-specific risk for heart failure
Authors: Kwan Alan , Demosthenes Emmanuella , Salto Gerran , Ouyang David , Nguyen Trevor , Nwabuo Chike C , Luong Eric , Hoang Amy , Osypiuk Ewa , Stantchev Plamen , Kim Elizabeth H , Hiremath Pranoti , Li Debiao , Vasan Ramachandran , Xanthakis Vanessa , Cheng Susan 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveEstablished preclinical imaging assessments of heart failure (HF) risk are based on macrostructural cardiac remodelling. Given that microstructural alterations may also influence HF risk, particularly in women, we examined associations between microstructural alterations and incident HF.MethodsWe studied N=2511 adult participants (mean age 65.7±8.8 years, 56% women) of the Framingham Offspring Study who were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. We employed texture analysis of echocardiography to quantify microstructural alteration, based on the high spectrum signal intensity coefficient (HS-SIC). We examined its relations to incident HF in sex-pooled and sex-specific Cox models accounting for traditional HF risk factors and macrostructural alterations.ResultsWe observed 94 new HF events over 7.4±1.7 years. Individuals with higher HS-SIC had increased risk for incident HF (HR 1.67 per 1-SD in HS-SIC, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.13; p<0.0001). Adjusting for age and antihypertensive medication use, this association was significant in women (p=0.02) but not men (p=0.78). Adjusting for traditional risk factors (including body mass index, total/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure traits, diabetes and smoking) attenuated the association in women (HR 1.30, p=0.07), with mediation of HF risk by the HS-SIC seen for a majority of these risk factors. However, the HS-SIC association with HF in women remained significant after adjusting for relative wall thickness (representing macrostructure alteration) in addition to these risk factors (HR 1.47, p=0.02).ConclusionsCardiac microstructural alterations are associated with elevated risk for HF, particularly in women. Microstructural alteration may identify sex-specific pathways by which individuals progress from risk factors to clinical HF.
Positron pair interactions in a nearly free-electron metal
Authors: Mills Allen Paine , Fuentes-Garcia Melina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe electric field surrounding a single positron in a metal is screened by an increase in the local electron density which, in the case of nearly free-electron metals (like Al, Na, etc.), has a radial distribution similar to that of the electron in positronium (Ps). In such metals, a singlet pair of positrons would experience an attractive interaction and at low enough electron densities could possibly form a bound state that is held together by exchange and correlation energies, thus forming structures analogous to that of the positronium molecule (Ps$$_2$$2), with binding energies of a few tenths of an eV. Such di-positrons could be prevalent at positron densities of around 10$$^{18}$$18cm$$^{-3}$$-3and, if so, would be evident from an apparent broadening of the sharp step at the Fermi surface in measurements of the electron momentum distribution by the angular correlation of the 2$$\gamma $$γannihilation radiation. Even if di-positrons are not directly formed in a metal, optical spectroscopy of Ps$$_2$$2formed in vacuum via pairs of positrons simultaneously being emitted from the surface could be applied to the direct measurement of the momentum distribution of Cooper pairs. If they exist, di-positrons in metals would yield interesting information about electron and positron interactions and at very high densities might allow the study of a di-positron Bose–Einstein condensate immersed in an electron gas.Graphic Abstract
Revisiting the Boltzmann Derivation of the Stefan Law
Authors: Reggiani Lino , Alfinito Eleonora 
Published: June 2022

The Stefan–Boltzmann (SB) law relates the radiant emittance of an ideal black-body cavity at thermal equilibrium to the fourth power of the absolute temperature [Formula: see text] as [Formula: see text], with [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]m[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]K[Formula: see text] the SB constant, first estimated by Stefan to within [Formula: see text] of the present theoretical value. The law is an important achievement of modern physics since, following Planck [Ueber das Gesetz der Energieverteilung im Normalspectrum [On the law of distribution of energy in the normal spectrum], Ann. Phys. 4 (1901) 553–563], its microscopic derivation implies the quantization of the energy related to the electromagnetic field spectrum. Somewhat astonishing, Boltzmann presented his derivation in 1878 making use only of electrodynamic and thermodynamic classical concepts, apparently without introducing any quantum hypothesis (here called first Boltzmann paradox). By contrast, the Boltzmann derivation implies two assumptions not justified within a classical approach, namely: (i) the zero value of the chemical potential and (ii) the internal energy of the black body with a finite value and dependent from both temperature and volume. By using Planck [Ueber das Gesetz der Energieverteilung im Normalspectrum [On the law of distribution of energy in the normal spectrum], Ann. Phys. 4 (1901) 553–563] quantization of the radiation field in terms of a gas of photons, the SB law received a microscopic interpretation free from the above assumptions that also provides the value of the SB constant on the basis of a set of universal constants including the quantum action constant [Formula: see text]. However, the successive consideration by Planck [Uber die Begründung des Gesetzes der schwarzen Strahlung [On the grounds of the law of black body radiation], Ann. Phys. 6 (1912) 642–656] concerning the zero-point energy contribution was found to be responsible of another divergence of the internal energy for the single photon mode at high frequencies. This divergence is of pure quantum origin and is responsible for a vacuum-catastrophe, to keep the analogy with the well-known ultraviolet catastrophe of the classical black-body radiation spectrum, given by the Rayleigh–Jeans law in 1900. As a consequence, from a rigorous quantum-mechanical derivation we would expect the divergence of the SB law (here called second Boltzmann paradox). Here, both the Boltzmann paradoxes are revised by accounting for both the quantum-relativistic photon gas properties, and the Casimir force.
Effects of Incontro, Alleanza, Responsabilita, Autonomia Intervention Model Combined with Orem Self-Care Model and the Use of Smart Wearable Devices on Perceived Stress and Self-Efficacy in Patients after Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Cui Mei , Zhao Dan , Wang Hong , Zhu Yuqin , Wang Zhen 
Published: June 2022

Objective. To explore the effects of Incontro, Alleanza, Responsabilita, Autonomia (IARA) combined with Orem self-care model and the use of smart wearable devices on perceived stress and self-efficacy in patients after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods. A total of 60 patients after THA in our hospital were enrolled. Patients were randomly divided into control group (IARA intervention model combined with Orem self-care model) and study group (intelligent wearable device combined conference—IARA and Orem self-care model). Harris hip function score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score, functional independence measure (FIM) score, social support level, perceived stress, and self-efficacy were compared between the two groups. Results. Harris hip function score, WOMAC score, FIM score, and the level of social support of the study group were higher compared with the control group after operation (

P

< 0.05). Additionally, the perceptual pressure in the study group was lower compared with the control group after intervention (

P

< 0.05). The self-efficacy of the two groups was compared, and the self-efficacy of the study group was higher than that of the control group at 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks after the intervention, and the difference was statistically significant (

P

< 0.05). Conclusion. Patients after THA utilize an intelligent wearable device combined with IARA model and Orem self-care model, which can effectively reduce awareness pressure, improve self-efficacy, and facilitate the improvement of the hip fracture.
Introduction: Asian Maritime Networking Centered in Fifteenth Century Melaka
Authors: Hall Kenneth R. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This introductory chapter and those that follow in this issue of JESHO celebrate the 500th anniversary of the c.1400–1511 strategic Melaka port-of-trade based Sultanate that controlled the Straits of Melaka maritime passageway connecting the Western and Eastern Indian Oceans to the China and Java Seas and beyond in eastern Asia until the Portuguese seizure of Melaka in 1511. As such, these studies update prior JESHO publications that have addressed Melaka’s history since the Journal’s inception.
An Uncertain Fortune: The Northern Bay of Bengal in the Two Melaka Eras (1402–1641)
Authors: Mukerjee Rila 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
While Melaka-Southeast Asia-China links continue to receive considerable scholarly interest, the Melaka region’s links with the economies of the northern Bay of Bengal have received less attention. Despite the fact that scholars have often focused extensively on the history of the Bay’s western littoral, and that the Straits played a crucial role in linking this western littoral to the China Seas during the Melaka era, the region has been marginalised in scholarship. As will become clear, the history of Melaka during this time can be divided into two discrete periods. The first of these periods started with the city-state’s foundation as regional rival to Ayutthaya by Palembang’s monarch Parameswara ca. 1402, and the second began with the Portuguese conquest of the port-city in 1511, after which the Straits became not only a transnational passageway for Persians, Arabs, South, Southeast and East Asians, but also a hub in East-West commerce. This study will investigate changes occurring in the northern Bay of Bengal world consequent to Melaka’s founding as regional emporium and subsequent emergence as an international marketplace, and ends with the Dutch capture of Melaka in 1641 and its subsequent decline concurrent with Batavia’s promotion as regional entrepôt.
Haijin, Melaka, and the Cham/Việt Coast
Authors: Whitmore† John K. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study examines 15th-century Melaka’s significant role as the primary intermediary eastern maritime port-of-trade between the Indian Ocean and China. It addresses the strategic South China Sea Jiaozhu Vietnam coastline passage to the Ming court’s newly designated southern China Guangzhou port. It replaced Quangzhou to the north as the preeminent port of China’s eastern Asia maritime trade. In 1371 the Ming China court restricted its foreign maritime trade beyond China. In response Chinese and multi-ethnic maritime diasporas based in Southeast Asia ports traveled the South China Sea to the Eastern and Western Indian Oceans and in doing so sustained a post-1400 substantive intermediary transit trade network that connected southern China, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and east-coast of Africa.
Neo-Aristotelian Naturalism as Ethical Naturalism
Authors: Moosavi Parisa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Neo-Aristotelian naturalism purports to explain morality in terms of human nature, while maintaining that the relevant aspects of human nature cannot be known scientifically. This has led some to conclude that neo-Aristotelian naturalism is not a form of ethical naturalism in the standard, metaphysical sense. In this paper, I argue that neo-Aristotelian naturalism is in fact a standard form of ethical naturalism that is committed to metaphysical naturalism about moral truths and presents a distinctive and underappreciated argument for it. I reconstruct the neo-Aristotelian argument for ethical naturalism in terms of a continuity between the ethical domain and the natural domain of life. I argue that clarifying the meta-ethical import of neo-Aristotelian naturalism not only helps to situate it among other positions in meta-ethics, but also facilitates better critical engagement with the view.
Christian Knorr von Rosenroth’s Anticipation of the Consolation of Israel: His Latin Translation of Isaac Abarbanel’s “Introduction to the Prophet Isaiah” and Its Possible Place within His Work
Authors: Vileno Anna M. , Wilkinson Robert J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article examines a previously ignored and unpublished manuscript of the Christian kabbalistic scholar Christian Knorr von Rosenroth, the compiler of Kabbala Denudata, restores it to its proper order, and conclusively identifies it as his personal translation into Latin of Isaac Abarbanel’s Introduction to the Prophet Isaiah prepared, we suggest, for this own use and not for publication. Though much of Knorr’s previously known work was based upon kabbalistic materials, Abarbanel’s Introduction—not a kabbalistic work by contrast—offered a comprehensive view of the Hebrew Bible’s prophetic hope. Knorr’s Messias Puer, also newly recovered, enables us to discover several of his personal convictions otherwise previously unattested. One of these is his anticipation of a future, this-worldly, Davidic kingdom in the Holy Land. It is in the context of this anticipation of the Consolation of Israel that the translation of the Introduction to the Prophet Isaiah may now be plausibly placed.
More Complex is Not Necessarily Better in Large-Scale Hydrological Modeling: A Model Complexity Experiment across the Contiguous United States
Authors: Merz Ralf , Miniussi Arianna , Basso Stefano , Petersen Karl-Jonas , Tarasova Larisa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Conceptual hydrological models are irreplaceable tools for large-scale (i.e., from ­regional to global) hydrological predictions. Large-scale modeling studies typically strive to employ one single model structure regardless of the diversity of catchments under study. However, little is known on the optimal model complexity for large-scale applications. In a modeling experiment across 700 catchments in the contiguous United States, we analyze the performance of a ­conceptual (bucket style) distributed hydrological model with varying complexity (5 model versions with 11–45 parameters) but with exactly the same inputs and spatial and temporal resolution and implementing the same regional parameterization approach. The performance of all model versions compares well with those of contemporary large-scale models tested in the United States, suggesting that the applied model structures reasonably account for the dominant hydrological processes. Remarkably, our results favor a simpler model structure where the main hydrological processes of runoff generation and routing through soil, groundwater, and the river network are conceptualized in distinct but parsimonious ways. As long as only observed runoff is used for model validation, including additional soil layers in the model structure to better represent ­vertical soil heterogeneity seems not to improve model performance. More complex models tend to have lower model performance and may result in rather large uncertainties in simulating states and fluxes (soil moisture and groundwater recharge) in model ensemble applications. Overall, our results indicate that simpler model structures tend to be a more reliable choice, given the limited validation data available at large scale.
Robust Anthropogenic Signal Identified in the Seasonal Cycle of Tropospheric Temperature
Authors: Santer Benjamin D. , Po-Chedley Stephen , Feldl Nicole , Fyfe John C. , Fu Qiang , Solomon Susan , England Mark , Rodgers Keith B. , Stuecker Malte F. , Mears Carl , Zou Cheng-Zhi , Bonfils Céline J. W. , Pallotta Giuliana , Zelinka Mark D. , Rosenbloom Nan , Edwards Jim 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Previous work identified an anthropogenic fingerprint pattern in TAC(x, t), the amplitude of the seasonal cycle of mid- to upper-tropospheric temperature (TMT), but did not explicitly consider whether fingerprint identification in satellite TAC(x, t) data could have been influenced by real-world multidecadal internal variability (MIV). We address this question here using large ensembles (LEs) performed with five climate models. LEs provide many different sequences of internal variability noise superimposed on an underlying forced signal. Despite differences in historical external forcings, climate sensitivity, and MIV properties of the five models, their TAC(x, t) fingerprints are similar and statistically identifiable in 239 of the 240 LE realizations of historical climate change. Comparing simulated and observed variability spectra reveals that consistent fingerprint identification is unlikely to be biased by model underestimates of observed MIV. Even in the presence of large (factor of 3–4) intermodel and inter-realization differences in the amplitude of MIV, the anthropogenic fingerprints of seasonal cycle changes are robustly identifiable in models and satellite data. This is primarily due to the fact that the distinctive, global-scale fingerprint patterns are spatially dissimilar to the smaller-scale patterns of internal TAC(x, t) variability associated with the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation and El Niño–Southern Oscillation. The robustness of the seasonal cycle detection and attribution results shown here, taken together with the evidence from idealized aquaplanet simulations, suggest that basic physical processes are dictating a common pattern of forced TAC(x, t) changes in observations and in the five LEs. The key processes involved include GHG-induced expansion of the tropics, lapse-rate changes, land surface drying, and sea ice decrease.
Influence of Reduced Winter Land–Sea Contrast on the Midlatitude Atmospheric Circulation
Authors: Portal Alice , Pasquero Claudia , D’Andrea Fabio , Davini Paolo , Hamouda Mostafa E. , Rivière Gwendal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Even though winter land–sea thermal contrast (LSC) is expected to undergo a strong weakening in the future warmer climate, its effects have been poorly investigated. Here we run a set of idealized winter simulations featuring reduced LSC in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) extratropics, or in individual extratropical sectors of the NH (Atlantic and Pacific), using an intermediate-complexity atmospheric general circulation model. Reduced LSC is obtained by imposing a warming of surface land temperatures in East Asia and North America. For similar warming intensities over the two regions, the response of the model to East Asia forcing is significantly stronger and dominates the response to the sum of the two forcing patterns. We find that the LSC reduction causes a weakening and poleward shift of the midlatitude jet streams, and a strong interference with zonal wavenumbers 1 and 2. In particular, East Asian warming reduces the amplitude of waves 1 and 2, producing a strengthening of the stratospheric vortex, while a weaker vortex due to a moderate amplification of wave 1 is detected when warming North America. Eventually, stratospheric signals propagate downward in the troposphere affecting the midlatitude winter NH even remotely from the forcing. In this work we pinpoint some mechanisms by which weakened winter LSC influences the NH extratropical circulation: the results may become useful to interpret the response to long-term projections displaying reduced LSC along with other climate change forcing patterns.
Polymicrobial Acute Suppurative Parotitis in a 33-Day-Old Infant: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Paouris D. , Dallos T. , Pitiriga V. 
Published: June 2022

Background: Acute suppurative parotitis (ASP) of neonates is a rare condition characterized by irritability, erythema, and tenderness of the affected gland. Methods/Results: Only few cases have been reported in Engilsh literature, mostly in male neonates, in a unilateral fashion. In our case, a polymicrobial etiology ( Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter ursingii, and Acinetobacter junii) was found. Based on the review of the microbiological findings of cases of ASP in English literature for the years 1970 to 2020, S. aureus is the most commonly isolated microorganism (47% of the total 65 patients). Our patient was born with a C-section procedure and was not breast-fed, making dysbiosis along with the usage of the feeding bottle, possible risk factors for the development of ASP. Conclusions: ASP may be due to polymicrobial etiology. Initial presentation in neonates may not include typical signs and symptoms, like fever. Aseptic technique of oral procedures is of utmost importance also in immune-competent neonates.