bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticle‐mediated genome editing in single‐cell embryos via peptide nucleic acids
Authors: Putman Rachael , Ricciardi Adele S. , Carufe Kelly E. W. , Quijano Elias , Bahal Raman , Glazer Peter M. , Saltzman W. Mark 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThrough preimplantation genetic diagnosis, genetic diseases can be detected during the early stages of embryogenesis, but effective treatments for many of these disorders are lacking. Gene editing could allow for correction of the underlying mutation during embryogenesis to prevent disease pathogenesis or even provide a cure. Here, we demonstrate that administration of peptide nucleic acids and single‐stranded donor DNA oligonucleotides encapsulated in poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles to single‐cell embryos allows for editing of an eGFP‐beta globin fusion transgene. Blastocysts from treated embryos exhibit high levels of editing (~94%), normal physiological development, normal morphology, and no detected off‐target genomic effects. Treated embryos reimplanted to surrogate moms show normal growth without gross developmental abnormalities and with no identified off‐target effects. Mice from reimplanted embryos consistently show editing, characterized by mosaicism across multiple organs with some organ biopsies showing up to 100% editing. This proof‐of‐concept work demonstrates for the first time the use of peptide nucleic acid (PNA)/DNA nanoparticles as a means to achieve embryonic gene editing.
COVID‐19 vaccine‐induced vasculitis in a patient with sarcoidosis: A case report
Authors: Rahmanian Ehsan , Alikhani Majid , Loghman Maryam , Beikmohamadi Hezaveh Sara , Zangeneh Saba , Shahriarirad Reza , Faezi Seyedeh Tahereh , Nejadhosseinian Mohammad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA 55‐year‐old lady with a nine‐year history of controlled sarcoidosis developed vasculitis after Sinopharm COVID‐19 vaccine (BBIBP‐ CorV). She was ultimately diagnosed with mononeuritis multiplex based on EMG‐NCV findings and administered methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy for 5 days, and then continue with prednisolone and a monthly pulse of cyclophosphamide.
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis and infertility: A case report
Authors: Karimi Narges , Amiri Zahra , Naeini Sima , Okhovat Ali Asghar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a lipid storage disorder that causes neurological, ophthalmic, vascular, and musculoskeletal disorders due to the deposition of cholesterol in the tissues. Hence, we report clinical and imaging of a 31‐year‐old mentally retarded man with cerebellar ataxia, bilateral swelling of the posterior aspect of Achill, and infertility.
Spastic S‐shaped sigmoid colon in hemorrhagic GIST
Authors: Imataki Osamu , Uemura Makiko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe treated a 44‐year‐old man with abdominal pain and melena caused by the gastrointestinal stromal tumor. In this case, computed tomography revealed a spastic S‐shaped sigmoid colon, indicating intestinal spastic paralysis secondary to intestinal bleeding. This finding prompted screening colonoscopy for gastrointestinal bleeding.
Extensive abdominal postsurgical Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Authors: Lalanda Raquel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe highlight the key aspects for the diagnosis of Postoperative pyoderma gangrenosum: “Pathergy phenomenon” at surgical site incisions; “Skip lesions”: central venous catheter site lesions were similar to abdominal wall lesions despite distance between them; Lack of response to antibiotics or debridement; Immediate response to corticosteroid therapy.
Retroperitoneal paraganglioma
Authors: Yehouenou Tessi Romeo Thierry , Outznit Mustapha , Nassar Ittimade , Moatassim Billah Nabil 
Published: December 2022

AbstractParagangliomas are rare tumors of the neuroendocrine system that form near certain blood vessels (paraaortic and carotid) and nerves, often presenting heterogeneous parenchyma and displaying strong contrast enhancement on computed tomography. Underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of this tumor are suspected as they can be silent, of small size, or confused with other structures.
Unexpected diagnosis of vertebral osteolysis
Authors: Tbini Houssem , Mahmoud Ines , Ben Tekaya Aicha , Rouached Leila , Bouden Selma , Tekaya Raoudha , Saidane Olfa , Abdelmoula Leila 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis is the case of a 50‐year‐old patient suffering from inflammatory low back pain. Radiological exploration showed posterior vertebral damage compatible with discovertebral pseudo‐tumor tuberculosis. Pathological examination found no malignant cells, but caseous necrosis was present. The patient was put on antitubercular drugs. The evolution was favorable under treatement.
Epistaxis, paroxysmal anxiety episodes, and hypertension in a child with SDHB‐associated paraganglioma: A case report
Authors: Dorji Thinley , Verma Vishesh , Menon Anil 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA child presented with anxiety and weight gain which were overlooked until she had epistaxis. She was found to have hypertension secondary to paraganglioma. She was managed with curative surgery involving multidisciplinary care. The tumor removal led to the amelioration of symptoms and marked control of hypertension.
Thermocatalytic Ammonia Decomposition – Status and Current Research Demands for a Carbon‐Free Hydrogen Fuel Technology
Authors: Peters Stefan , Abdel‐Mageed Ali M. , Wohlrab Sebastian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHydrogen storage materials and technologies are deemed as the cornerstone towards a world economy less reliant on, and ultimately independent of fossil resources. Ammonia is considered among the most efficient carbon‐free hydrogen carriers because of its relatively high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen storage capacities and, equally important, ease of transport and storage. In addition, the well‐established chemical production of ammonia (preferably a green Haber‐Bosch process) would accelerate the immediate introduction of hydrogen into energy infrastructure. Thermocatalytic decomposition of ammonia yields clean, COx‐free hydrogen, but is energy intensive and currently performed with expensive Ru‐based catalysts. The development of more efficient catalysts based on more abundant and cheaper elements is indispensable for future wide‐scale industrial application. Therefore, the conceptualization of strategies and challenges for material developments, study and optimization of ammonia decomposition catalysts as well as their in situ/operando characterizations are pivotal aspects to be considered.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Diradical‐Mediatedipso‐Cyclization towards Double Dearomative [2+2]‐Cycloaddition or Smiles‐Type Rearrangement
Authors: Zhen Guangjin , Zeng Guohui , Jiang Kai , Wang Furong , Cao Xiaohui , Yin Biaolin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhen mono‐radicalipso‐cyclization of aryl sulfonamides tend to undergo Smiles‐type rearrangement through aromatization‐driven C−S bond cleavage, diradical‐mediated cyclization must perform in a distinct reaction pathway. It is interesting meanwhile challenging to tune the rate of C−S bond cleavage to achieve a chemically divergent reaction of (hetero) aryl sulfonamides in a visible‐light induced energy transfer (EnT) reaction pathway involving diradical species. Herein a chemically divergent reaction based on the designed indole‐tethered (hetero)arylsulfonamides is reported which involves a diradical‐mediatedipso‐cyclization and a controllable cleavage of an inherent C−S bond. The combined experimental and computational results have revealed that the cleavage of the C−S bond in these substrates can be controlled by tuning the heteroaryl moieties: a) If the (hetero)aryl is thienyl, furyl, phenanthryl, etc., the radical coupling of double dearomative diradicals (DDDR) precedes over C−S bond cleavage to afford cyclobutene fused indolines by double dearomative [2+2]‐cycloaddition; b) if the (hetero)aryl is phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, indolyl etc., the cleavage of C−S bond in DDDR is favored over radical coupling to afford biaryl products.
Activated Single‐Phase Ti4O7 Nanosheets with Efficient Use of Precious Metal for Inspired Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Xu Fan , Zou Qing , Xiong Gangquan , Zhang Huijuan , Wang Feipeng , Wang Yu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Yu Wang, Feipeng Wang, and co‐workers at Chongqing University. The image depicts how activated single‐crystal Ti4O7 nanosheets loaded with precious metals can be used as highly efficient and stable materials to make fuel‐cell electrodes for intermittent renewable energy storage in power grids. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202202580.
Heavy Chains: Synthesis, Reactivity and Decomposition of Interpnictogen Chains with Terminal Diaryl Bismuth Fragments
Authors: Dunaj Tobias , von Hänisch Carsten 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Carsten von Hänisch at the Philipps‐University Marburg. The image depicts a bismuth crystal, a chain formed from it and the molecular structures of different chain molecules with diaryl‐bismuth groups. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202202932.
Two‐Phase and Three‐Phase Modeling of an Industrial Fluidized Bed for Maximizing Iso‐Paraffins
Authors: Han Caixia , Xu Youhao , Lu Bona , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe maximizing iso‐paraffins (MIP) process is a new fluid catalytic cracking route to produce cleaner gasoline. Its major innovation is the diameter‐transformed fluidized bed reactor which can be flexibly regulated to multiple distinct reaction zones. This study aims to accurately reveal complex behaviors in MIP reactor by two‐phase modeling and three‐phase modeling to extend its application. Both simulations of an industrial MIP reactor are compared in terms of solids and liquid concentration, temperature, coke content, gas velocity, and product yield. It is found the two‐phase case is enough for predicting the region far away from the oil feedstock injection, and the other is the better choice especially in the first zone if the heat transfer model can be reasonably built.
Nanoarchitectonics for Free‐Standing Polyelectrolyte Multilayers Films: Exploring the Flipped Surfaces
Authors: Pahal Suman , Boranna Rakshith , Tripathy Abinash , Goudar Venkanagouda S. , Veetil Vyshnavi T. , Kurapati Rajendra , Prashanth Gurusiddappa R. , Vemula Praveen K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe competency of polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PEM) self‐assembly to modulate the surface architecture at the molecular level has emerged as a captivating technique for various biomedical applications. PEM advancement in bio‐applications covered the development of bio‐sensors, stimuli‐responsive drug‐delivery systems, surface modification for creating antibacterial surfaces, and tissue‐engineering architectures. Different PEM blends, from natural to synthetic ones, have been explored to make a free‐standing version of the PEM stack. This review provides a deeper understanding of the free‐standing PEM (FS‐PEM), their fabrication strategies, and essential properties for specified bio‐applications. The most crucial aspect of fabricating FS‐PEM is choosing an application‐specific fabrication protocol to delaminate the PEM stack from the underlying substrates. Post‐fabrication, there are important considerations to improve the mechanical stability of these FS‐PEMs by crosslinking or adding desired nanoparticles. Overall, essential insights are discussed here for using FS‐PEM for specific bio‐application, which has received little attention in the material science community until now.
Effect of Microencapsulated Long‐Chain Chlorinated Paraffin on Flame Retardant of Rigid Polyurethane Foam
Authors: Yang Zhitong , Sun Zhicheng , Liu Yibin , Li Gongming , Li Zhenzhen , Liu Chenyang , Wang Ting , Zhou Yang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo overcome the fire risk of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) and the poor thermal stability of long‐chain chlorinated paraffin (LCCP), the microcapsules of long‐chain chlorinated paraffin (MCP) were prepared by in‐situ polymerization with melamine formaldehyde resin (MF) as shell material, and the flame retardant rigid polyurethane foam (MCP/ RPUF) was obtained through introducing MCP as the flame retardant. Meanwhile, the core‐shell composition, surface morphology, chemical composition, particle size distribution, and thermal stability of flame retardant microcapsules were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The characterization data indicated that the flame retardant microcapsules were successfully synthesized and had excellent particle size distribution. In addition, microcalorimeter (MCC), limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 vertical burning tests, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and other methods were used to analyse the flame retardancy and carbon residue of rigid polyurethane foam. The results show that the 20% MCP/RPUF composite can pass the V‐0 grade of UL‐94 and reach the material flame retardant grade. Compared with pure RPUF, the peak heat release rate and total heat release of the MCP/RPUF composite are greatly reduced. Therefore, the addition of flame retardant microcapsule improves the graphitization degree and compactness of rigid polyurethane foam carbon slag, increasing the fire safety of the composite.
Plasma progastrin‐releasing peptide level shows different predictive profiles for treatment response by androgen receptor axis‐targeted agents in patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Yashi Masahiro , Nishihara Daisaku , Yokoyama Megumi , Fuchizawa Hirotaka , Okazaki Akihito , Takei Kohei , Suzuki Issei , Sakamoto Kazumasa , Kijima Toshiki , Kobayashi Minoru , Kamai Takao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe neuroendocrine (NE) pathway cannot be ignored as a mechanism for castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) progression. The neuromediator, gastrin‐releasing peptide (GRP) may be involved in the aberrant activation of the normal androgen receptor (AR) and increased AR variants. This study focused on plasma levels of progastrin‐releasing peptide (ProGRP) and examined the treatment outcomes with androgen receptor axis‐targeted (ARAT) agents.MethodsOne hundred patients with metastatic CRPC were enrolled. Enzalutamide (ENZ) or abiraterone acetate/prednisone (AA/P) were administered to 50 patients each in a nonrandomized manner as a first‐line or later choice. Plasma ProGRP levels were determined using a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay, and data were collected prospectively. The study endpoints were prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) response and survival estimates.ResultsIn the ENZ series, ProGRP levels correlated with the maximum PSA change from baseline (high ProGRP: −34.5% vs. low ProGRP: −85.7% p = .033). PSA progression‐free survival (PFS), radiographic/symptomatic (r/s) PFS, and overall survival (OS) in patients with high ProGRP were significantly worse than those in patients with low ProGRP (median PSA‐PFS: 3.3 vs. 10.0 months, p = .001, r/s PFS: 5.0 vs. 15.0 months, p < 0.001, and OS 17.5 vs. 49.0 months, p < .001, respectively). In addition, ProGRP showed an independent predictive value for all survival estimates in multivariate analyses. In the AA/P series, ProGRP levels did not correlate with the PSA change or predict PSA‐PFS and r/s PFS, but they maintained a significant difference in OS (19.0 vs. 48.0 months, p = .003).ConclusionsPlasma ProGRP provides a consistent predictive value for OS in metastatic CRPC patients who underwent therapy with ARAT agents. Meanwhile, ProGRP showed different predictive profiles for PSA‐ and r/s PFS between ENZ and AA/P. These findings clinically suggest a mechanism for CRPC progression involving the NE pathway via the GRP. The underlying mechanism of different predictive profiles by the ARAT agent should be explored in future research.
Overexpression of an actin Gh_D04G0865 gene in cotton reduced fineness of fiber
Authors: Naoumkina Marina , Florane Christopher B. , Kim Hee Jin , Santiago Michael , Delhom Christopher D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCotton fibers are the world's most important renewable source of fiber for textile industry. The cell wall of cotton fiber determines fiber quality parameters for textile industry. The thickness of secondary cell wall and the fiber perimeter define the fineness and micronaire (MIC) of cotton fiber. The fineness of cotton fiber plays an important role in affecting the yarn quality. Actin cytoskeleton impacts the cell extension and shape, however how it affects secondary cell wall is unclear. We overexpressed the actin isovariant Gh_D04G0865 (previously shown mutation in this gene impaired fiber length) under fiber‐specific promoter in cotton. We obtained two independent transgenic lines. Fiber characteristics of their first‐generation progenies were evaluated by high volume instrument (HVI), advanced fiber information system (AFIS), Cottonscope, and Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy. Fiber of transgenic lines with excessive expression of actin showed significant reduction in MIC and fineness, while increase in strength. Seed index was increased in transgenic lines overexpressing actin. FT‐IR analysis detected changes in vibrations associated with crystalline cellulose. Taken together, our findings revealed that actin cytoskeleton may play roles in reducing fiber wall thickening process during secondary cell wall biosynthesis.
Ulinastatin ameliorates the malignant progression of prostate cancer cells by blocking the RhoA/ROCK/NLRP3 pathway
Authors: Liu Zhiguang , Zhu Xiaochun , Xu Chenglin , Min Feng , Yu Guofeng , Chen Chuhong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProstate cancer is a male malignant tumor disease with high incidence and mortality. This study was designed to explore the effects of ulinastatin (UTI) on the malignant progression of prostate cancer and its relevant mechanism of action. Human prostate cancer cell line PC‐3 was applied to investigate the anticancer activity of UTI. PC‐3 cells were treated with increasing concentrations (400, 800, and 1600 U/ml) of UTI. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were determined by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8), colony formation, wound‐healing, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The expression level of corresponding proteins was detected by western blot. In addition, PC‐3 cells were pretreated with RhoA agonist CN03 (1 μg/ml) or NLRP3 agonist nigericin (10 μM) before UTI treatment, and the cellular behaviors above were detected again. It was demonstrated that UTI significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion but promoted apoptosis in PC‐3 cells in a concentration‐dependent manner. Meanwhile, UTI could block RhoA/ROCK/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in PC‐3 cells, and the activation of RhoA or NLRP3 inflammasome partly weakened the impacts of UTI on cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in PC‐3 cells, respectively. In summary, our study demonstrated the antitumor activity of UTI against prostate cancer by regulating RhoA/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, providing a promising candidate drug for the therapeutic treatment of prostate cancer.
Multifunctional droplet‐surface interaction effected by bulk properties
Authors: Tang Xin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDroplet‐surface systems are an area of great scientific and technological interest as they widely present in diverse domestic and industrial applications. To modulate the biphasic interaction, intensive efforts have been lavished on interfacial engineering wherein chemical functionalization, physical texturing, and mediating third‐phase introduction are the norm. The surface methods alone are not panacea for many pressing challenges, particularly regarding extreme temperature adaptation, leading some to explore bulk alternatives. Given full play to bulk properties, including optical, electric, mechanical, and thermal types, rich and disparate biphasic systems with superior performances are shown. It is important to understand the nature and similarity of bulk methods in all distinct contexts to identify their strengths and limitations. An existing need remains to summarise and classify the key quantity, design, and mechanism of those budding methods, which may assist the future discovery of solutions to diverse unanswered challenges.
High‐throughput formation of miniaturized cocultures of 2D cell monolayers and 3D cell spheroids using droplet microarray
Authors: Cui Haijun , Tronser Tina , Wang Xianxian , Wesslowski Janine , Davidson Gary , Popova Anna A. , Levkin Pavel A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMost of the biological processes, including cell signaling, cancer invasion, embryogenesis, or neural development, are dependent on and guided by the complex architecture and composition of cellular microenvironments. Mimicking such microenvironments in cell coculture models is crucial for fundamental and applied biology investigations. The ability to combine different cell types grown as both two‐dimensional (2D) monolayers and three‐dimensional (3D) spheroids in specific defined location inside a microculture environments is a key towards in vitro tissue modeling and towards mimicking complex in vivo cellular processes. In this study, we introduce and investigate a method to create in vitro models of 2D cell monolayers cocultured with 3D spheroids in defined preorganization. We demonstrate the possibility of creating such complex cellular microenvironments in a high‐throughput and automated manner by creating arrays of such droplets containing prearranged 2D and 3D cellular microcolonies. Furthermore, we demonstrate an application of this approach to study paracrine propagation of Wnt signaling between 2D and 3D cellular colonies. This method provides a general approach for the miniaturized, high‐throughput, and automated formation of complex coculture cellular microarchitectures that will be useful for mimicking various in vivo complex cellular structures and for studying complex biological processes in vitro.
The effect of seabird presence and seasonality on ground‐active spider communities across temperate islands
Authors: Pascoe Penelope , Houghton Melissa , Jones Holly P. , Weldrick Christine , Trebilco Rowan , Shaw Justine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSeabirds influence island ecosystems through nutrient additions and physical disturbance. These influences can have opposing effects on an island's invertebrate predator populations. Spiders (order: Araneae) are an important predator in many terrestrial island ecosystems, yet little is known about how seabird presence influences spider communities at the intraisland scale, or how they respond to seasonality in seabird colony attendance.We investigated the effects of seabird presence and seasonality on ground‐active spider community structure (activity‐density, family‐level richness, age class, and sex structure) and composition at the family‐level across five short‐tailed shearwater breeding islands around south‐eastern Tasmania, Australia. Using 75 pitfall traps (15 per island), spiders were collected inside, near, and outside seabird colonies on each island, at five different stages of the short‐tailed shearwater breeding cycle over a year. Pitfall traps were deployed for a total of 2674 days, capturing 1592 spiders from 26 families with Linyphiidae and Lycosidae the most common. Spider activity‐density was generally greater inside than outside seabird colonies, while family‐level richness was generally higher outside seabird colonies. For these islands, seabird breeding stage did not affect activity‐densities, but there were some seasonal changes in age class and sex structures with more adult males captured during winter. Our results provide some of the first insights into the spatial and temporal influences seabirds have on spider communities. We also provide some of the first records of spider family occurrences for south‐eastern Tasmanian islands, which will provide an important baseline for assessing future change.