bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
القوات غير النظامية في العهد الملكي : وتاثيرها في الامن المجتمعي العراقي
Authors: Yas Gaffurry Rashid Emara , Ali Renas Abubakir 
Published: October 2022

- لم تكن القوات غير النظامية في العراق بالامر المستحدث؛ إنما عرف العراق هذا النوع من القوات قبل تاسيس الدولة العراقية عام 1920، أذ أستعانت القوات البريطانية في غزوها للعراق عام 1914 بهذا النوع من القوات؛ من أجل تسهيل مهمة أحتلالها للعراق؛ ومن ثم مساعدتها في جمع المعلومات والاستطلاع؛ فضلا عن محاولة أستدباب الامن في العراق؛ لاسيما بعد أن قام العراقيون بثورتهم ضد الاحتلال البريطاني والتي تعرف بالثورة العراقية الكبرى عام 1920 .
وشكلت هذه القوات تحدياً واضحاً للأمن المجتمعي العراقي وعلى مختلف المستويات السياسية والثقافية وحتى الامنية من خلال تحديها ومواجهتها لتشكيل وتوسع الجيش العراقي، فضلاً عن وقوفها الى جانب المحتل ضد الحركات الوطنية؛ لاسيما في ثلاثينيات وأربعينيات القرن العشرين.
ولم يقتصر هذا النوع من القوات على القوات البريطانية وإنما سعى بعض ساسة العراق في العهد الملكي تاسيس قوات مشابهة لها لدعم استمرار النظام السياسي؛ كما حدث في تجربة الفتوة في عهد صالح جبر .
والملاحظ ان هذه القوات وبسبب انعكاساتها السلبية على الأمن المجتمعي العراقي داخليا وخارجيا قد انتهت هذه التجارب من القوى التي شكلتها سواء البريطانيين او حتى الحكم الوطني؛ مما يدلل على فشل الاستفادة من هذه التجارب.

وشكلت هذه القواتتحديا واضحا للمن المجتمعي العراقي وعلى مختلف المستويات السياسية والثقافية وحتى الامنية من خلال تحديها ومواجهتها لتشكيل وتوسع الجيش العراقي ،فضلا عن وقوفها الى جانب المحتل ضد الحركات الوطنية لاسيما في ثلاثينيات واربعينيات القرن العشرين.
ولم يقتصر هذا النوع من القوات على القوات البريطانية وانما سعى بعض ساسة العراق في العهد الملكي تاسيس قوات مشابة لها لدعم استمرار النظام السياسيكما حدث في تجربة الفتوة في عهد صالح جبر .
والملاحظ ان هذه القوات وبسبب انعكاساتها السلبية على الامن المجتمعي العراقي داخليا وخارجيا قد انتهت هذ التجارب من القوى التي شكلتها سواء البرطانيين او حتى الحكم الوطني مما يدلل على فشل الاستفادة من هذه التجارب
The Use of a Health Compliance Monitoring System During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: Evaluation Study
Authors: Aisyah Dewi Nur , Manikam Logan , Kiasatina Thifal , Naman Maryan , Adisasmito Wiku , Kozlakidis Zisis 
Published: October 2022

Background
COVID-19 cases are soaring in Asia. Indonesia, Southeast Asia’s most populous country, is now ranked second in the number of cases and deaths in Asia, after India. The compliance toward mask wearing, social distancing, and hand washing needs to be monitored to assess public behavioral changes that can reduce transmission.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate this compliance in Indonesia between October 2020 and May 2021 and demonstrate the use of the Bersatu Lawan COVID-19 (BLC) mobile app in monitoring this compliance.

Methods
Data were collected in real time by the BLC app from reports submitted by personnel of military services, police officers, and behavioral change ambassadors. Subsequently, the data were analyzed automatically by the system managed by the Indonesia National Task Force for the Acceleration of COVID-19 Mitigation.

Results
Between October 1, 2020, and May 2, 2021, the BLC app generated more than 165 million reports, with 469 million people monitored and 124,315,568 locations under observation in 514 districts/cities in 34 provinces in Indonesia. This paper grouped them into 4 colored zones, based on the degree of compliance, and analyzed variations among regions and locations.

Conclusions
Compliance rates vary among the 34 provinces and among the districts and cities of those provinces. However, compliance to mask wearing seems slightly higher than social distancing. This finding suggests that policy makers need to promote higher compliance in other measures, including social distancing and hand washing, whose efficacies have been proven to break the chain of transmission when combined with masks wearing.
Using QR Codes as a Form of eHealth to Promote Health Among Women in a Pandemic: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Fischer-Suárez Natalia , Lozano-Paniagua David , García-Duarte Sonia , Castro-Luna Gracia , Parrón-Carreño Tesifón , Nievas-Soriano Bruno José 
Published: October 2022

Background
QR codes have played an integral role during the pandemic in many sectors, but their use has been limited in the health care sector, especially by patients. Although some authors have stated that developing specific content for women on how to cope with health problems could be an effective way to prevent problems, especially during pandemics, there is little research regarding the use of QR codes to promote health during a pandemic, and even fewer studies are focused on women. Moreover, although the importance of assessing these interventions from the users’ perspective has been stated, research carried out from this point of view is still scarce.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the usefulness of using QR codes with information to promote women’s health in the context of a pandemic. We also sought to design and validate a questionnaire to assess this.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among women in the gynecology waiting rooms of a reference hospital. Exploratory factorial analysis with the split-half method and Cronbach α values was performed for questionnaire validation. Univariant and bivariant analyses were performed to analyze the data obtained.

Results
In total, 186 women took part in the study. Exploratory factor analysis identified 2 domains: usability and applicability in medical practice. The Cronbach α value was .81. Overall, 83.7% of the answers to the first domain and 56.4% of those to the second were favorable. Women with university education or those who had used QR codes before scored better in the usability domain, while no differences were observed in the applicability scores.

Conclusions
Using QR codes in the gynecology clinics’ waiting rooms can help promote women’s health during a pandemic, regardless of their education level or whether they have used QR codes before. The questionnaire developed herein is a helpful tool to assess this. These findings are important for clinical practice. This research can be performed in other ambits, specialties, or countries.
Profiling of Learners in Medical Schools as a Move Toward Precision Education: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Salman Hira , Powell Leigh , Alsuwaidi Laila , Nair Bhavana , Tegginmani Shakeel Ahmed , Mohamadeya Jalal , Zary Nabil 
Published: October 2022

Background
Academic experiences seek to get the best out of learners, maximizing performance and developing the skills and competencies needed to foster lifelong learning. The more personalized and tailored the academic experience among learners, the better the outcome. Precision education is a novel approach to research and practice, which is concerned with identifying and tailoring education to the precise needs of the learner. An emerging area of precision education is using data to develop learner profiles for a better understanding of individual learners relative to the characteristics and competencies of lifelong learners.

Objective
This scoping review aims to identify literature that reports on profiling learners within medical schools. Our review, as described in this paper, will describe the characteristics being measured, the methods and data sources used to generate profiles, and the resulting profiles that emerge. This review aims to provide guidance to those supporting medical school learners on the current state of learner profiling.

Methods
This scoping review will use the Population, Concept, and Context framework, published by Joanna Briggs Institute, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The search strategy was developed in collaboration with a library specialist. An initial search was conducted in PubMed, ERIC, Google Scholar, Cochrane, CINAHL, and SCOPUS. Data will be extracted, and 2 authors will undertake the screening procedure using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist.

Results
The database searches yielded 166 results, and title and abstract screening of 135 extracted articles is currently underway after eliminating 31 duplicates. We anticipate the scoping review to be completed in the first week of October 2022. The final scoping review will present the findings in a narrative and pictorial fashion.

Conclusions
This review will help guide scholars looking to understand the current state of learner profiling within medical schools.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/41828
Prediction of Filler Added Friction Stir Welding Parameters for Improving Corrosion Resistance of Dissimilar Aluminium Alloys 5052 and 6082 Joints
Authors: Sasikumar A. , Gopi S. , Mohan Dhanesh G. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The aluminium alloys 5052 and 6082 are extensively used in manufacturing lighter structural members, having improved strength and resistance to corrosion. Magnesium (Mg) and Chromium (Cr) powder were the filler materials selected for enhanced corrosion protection properties in this investigation. Friction stir welding (FSW) process parameters viz., spindle speed, welding speed, shoulder penetration, the centre distance between the holes and filler ratio are used to forecast the minimum corrosion rate from different weld regions of AA5052-AA6082 dissimilar joints. Response surface methodology based on a central composite design was used to evolve the mathematical models and estimate dissimilar FSW joints’ corrosion rates. Response optimization shows that the minimum corrosion rate was achieved by the welding parameters of spindle speed 1000 rev/min, welding speed 125 mm/min, holes spacing of 2 mm and filler ratio 95% of Mg and 5% of Cr.
Leakage control of urban water supply network and mathematical analysis and location of leakage points based on machine learning
Authors: Liang Junqing , Kong Xiaoxiao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In order to solve the common problems of high leakage rate of urban water supply network and controlling water supply enterprises, a multi index system of leakage evaluation is proposed. The first step in leakage assessment is to recommend non profitable water volume, rather than just based on the percentage of leakage rate (the calculation mode of percentage is easily disturbed by the change of water volume); Advanced indicators also need to consider factors such as pipe network conditions, pressure and the number of user connections; If possible, it is recommended to calculate the leakage index (ILI) of water supply network in line with international standards, and through this index, determine the leakage classification of water supply system according to the target matrix provided by the world bank, so as to formulate corresponding leakage control countermeasures, and finally form a set of leakage performance evaluation system of urban water supply system combined with the actual situation of our country. Experiments have proved that among users with large caliber and large water volume, the promotion of electromagnetic remote transmission water meter should be strengthened to improve the metering capacity of water meter. Since 2014, non household meters above Dn40 in the company's new household installation project have adopted electromagnetic remote transmission water meters. At the same time, strengthen the remote monitoring and management of large-diameter water meters. Through remote transmission, we can grasp the changes of users' water use in real time, and realize the three-level early warning of sudden change of water volume through the mining of remote transmission data.
Term structure of economic management rate based on parameter analysis of estimation model of ordinary differential equation
Authors: Yang Yi , Arbab Ahmed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In order to study the dynamic characteristics of the interest rate term structure of zero-yield bonds in China's bond market, and why China's interest rate term shows such changing characteristics 96-month interest rate structure data at the end of December. Among them, the term structure of interest rates in the securities market is from 1 year to 20 years, and the term structure of interest rates in the interbank market is from one year to 30 years. Analyze the data to find out the basic characteristics of the dynamic change of the term structure of China's interest rate, and find the entire term structure of China's bond market from the perspective of trends. This feature is evident in short-term interest rates in the interbank market, influenced by central bank financial policies. In terms of statistical characteristics, as the yield to maturity of Chinese bonds increases on average, that is, the inclination of the term structure of interest rates increases. The volatility of yield to maturity of short-term bonds is significantly higher than that of long-term bonds, and the volatility of yield to maturity in the securities market is lower than that of the interbank market, mainly because short-term bonds and the interbank market are easily affected by the central bank’s financial policies. Experiments show that the level of inflation rate (PPI growth rate) is an important factor that determines the level of the term structure of interest rates. Inflation rate and interest rate levels are important determinants of skew and curvature factors.
On Solving 0/1 Multidimensional Knapsack Problem with a Genetic Algorithm Using a Selection Operator Based on K-Means Clustering Principle
Authors: Laabadi Soukaina , Naimi Mohamed , Amri Hassan El , Achchab Boujemâa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe growing need for profit maximization and cost minimization has made the optimization field very attractive to both researchers and practitioners. In fact, many authors were interested in this field and they have developed a large number of optimization algorithms to solve either academic or real-life problems. Among such algorithms, we cite a well-known metaheuristic called the genetic algorithm. This optimizer tool, as any algorithm, suffers from some drawbacks; like the problem of premature convergence. In this paper, we propose a new selection strategy hoping to avoid such a problem. The proposed selection operator is based on the principle of the k-means clustering method for the purpose of guiding the genetic algorithm to explore different regions of the search space. We have elaborated a genetic algorithm based on this new selection mechanism. We have then tested our algorithm on various data instances of the 0/1 multidimensional knapsack problem. The obtained results are encouraging when compared with those reached by other versions of genetic algorithms and those reached by an adapted version of the particle swarm optimization algorithm.
Green Manufacturing: An Assessment of Enablers’ Framework Using ISM-MICMAC Analysis
Authors: Ali Sadia Samar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Manufacturing is one of the biggest drivers of a country’s economic growth. Nevertheless, due to globalization and flourishing consumer markets, the technological influx in manufacturing evolution poses a significant threat to climate change. To deal with the situation, green manufacturing came forward to play a vital role in lowering the impact of mass production on the global environment. The qualitative research based on expert opinion is used to have viewpoints for the implementation of green manufacturing based on green supply chain manufacturing (GSCMEs) enablers. The study, in this regard, focuses on exploring the key enablers adopted by the manufacturers to embrace green practices by using framework based on Interpretative Structural Modelling and Cross-Impact Multiplication Applied to Classification (MICMAC) analysis. Results indicate that economic constraints and the regulatory framework have high driving power and less dependency power. Researchers provide managers with a new outlook on the future towards building an eco-friendly supply chain and gaining a competitive edge over their competitors.
Ontology-Based Semantic Checking of Data in Railway Infrastructure Information Systems
Authors: Shynkarenko Viktor , Zhuchyi Larysa , Ivanov Oleksandr 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Semantic checking of railway infrastructure information support data is one of the ways to improve the consistency of information system data and, as a result, increase the safety of train traffic. Existing ontological developments have demonstrated the applicability of description logic for modelling railway transport, but have not paid enough attention to the data resources structure and the railway regulatory support. In this work, the formalization of the tabular presentation of data and the rules of railway transport regulations is carried out using the example of a connection track passport and temporary speed restrictions using ontological means, data wrangling and extraction tools. Ontologies of the various formats data resources and railway station infrastructure, tools for converting and extracting data have been developed. The semantic checking of the compliance of railway information system data with regulatory documents in terms of the connection track passport is carried out on the basis of a multi-level concretization model and integration of ontologies. The mechanisms for implementing the constituent ontologies and their integration are demonstrated by an example. Further research includes ontological checking of natural language normative documents of railway transport.
Sex education for adolescents: Indonesian nurse educators’ experience as parents
Authors: Salim Alvin , Tambunan Evelyn Hemme 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Sex education toward adolescent remains the most controversial subject due to the various thoughts and ideas of different values present in society. Nurse educators as parents must exemplify sex education to their children. The aim of this present study was to explore parents’ experience, with nurse educators background to be exact, on how they convey sex education to their children.

Methods
This study is a descriptive qualitative study, and the sample is recruited by using the purposive sampling technique. The qualified participants filled in the informed consent, provided demographic data, and were interviewed. Saturation data were obtained at the 6th interview in this study. The interview is transcribed to find themes and subthemes using conventional content analysis.

Results
We derived 3 main themes: parents’ approach, sex education topic, and children's reaction. Parents’ approach contained 4 subthemes, namely, gender match, parent–child closeness, media, and attitude. Sex education topic included 5 subthemes of bodily autonomy, health and safety, reproductive anatomy, puberty-related changes, and how to maintain healthiness. Children's reaction experiences also included 4 subthemes of uncomfortable, questioning, acknowledging, and laughing.

Conclusions
As a matter of fact, some parents in eastern countries, such as Indonesia, conveyed sex education to their children. Children might have various reactions to that topic, but it is important to keep them safe, especially in reproductive health, regardless of the culture or tradition. Based on nurse educators as exemplifiers, nurses and nursing students might acquire the picture in conveying sex education to adolescents.
Explaining the dimensions of specific competence in training specialist nurses in multiple sclerosis: a qualitative study
Authors: Samari Banafshe , Sadeghian Efat , Sattari Mahtab , Aghaie Bahman 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The complexity of multiple sclerosis (MS) due to psychological, emotional, physical, family, and social dimensions complicates the care of these patients. MS patients need hospitalizations and long-term care to treat and control the progression of the disease. Therefore, the competence of caring for MS patients is one of the important issues in clinical nursing.

Objective
To explain the dimensions of competence in caring for MS patients.

Methods
This study is a qualitative descriptive study using conventional content analysis method. Field notes and semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted on 12 specialist nurses of MS and 3 MS patients from the neurology ward. Participants were selected through purposeful sampling. Data analysis was performed using the approach of Zhang and Wildemuth by continuous comparison simultaneously with data collections.

Results
Data analysis led to the extraction of 2 categories with 5 subcategories. The first category is “unlearned care competence,” with the subcategories as psychological–emotional resilience, psychological skills, and excellent communication skills. The second category is “specialized technical competence,” with the subcategories as up-to-date pathological knowledge and expertise in clinical procedures.

Conclusions
Identifying the competencies of nurses of MS patients is important for educating nurses to provide qualified care and improve MS patient satisfaction. Nursing managers can empower nurses in non-technical areas such as in-service psychology courses and improve professionalism in caring for MS patients by promoting communication and specific clinical skills.
Stressors and coping mechanisms of people with mental disorders in the community
Authors: Wahyuningsih Dyah , Subagyo Widyo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
People with mental disorders often experience human rights violations, discrimination, exclusion, and stigma.

Objective
To determine the stressors and coping mechanisms of people with mental disorders in society.

Methods
This research is a qualitative phenomenological research. We wanted to explore and describe the experiences of mentally ill patients in the community at the rehabilitation stage in stress management, including the stressors in people with a mental health condition and the coping mechanisms used. Data collection was carried out using in-depth interviews with 15 participants.

Results
The results of this study show that the stressors of mental illness patients are a less-accepting environment, feeling of shame, fear of being excluded, having no income, and side effects of drugs.

Conclusions
The coping mechanisms used include carrying out activities, telling stories to others, and diverting emotions.
Employment Opportunities And Income Analysis Before And During Covid-19: Indirect Least Square Approach
Authors: Aimon Hasdi , Putri Kurniadi Anggi , Ulfa Sentosa Sri 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study aims to analyze the relationship between employment opportunities and income before and during COVID-19. The research data collection is divided into two time periods, including January to March 2020 which is the period before COVID-19, while April to June 2020 is the period of during COVID-19. Each time period in this study analyzed 100 samples measured using a Likert scale. The method used in this research is simultaneous equation analysis with the Indirect Least Squares (ILS) approach. An important finding in this study for the period before and during COVID-19 is that employment opportunities are positively and significantly affected by infrastructure, economic conditions, government incentives and price stability. Meanwhile, income is positively and significantly influenced by employment opportunities, economic conditions, government incentives and price stability. Although the results of the research are the same for different time periods, based on the results of comparisons there has been a decrease in the contribution to employment and income during COVID-19. This study recommends that the government needs to maintain the stability of the indicators of employment opportunities and income used in this study so that turnover and community income do not decrease, especially during the COVID-19 period.