bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial and ethnic and income disparities in COVID‐19 vaccination among Medicare beneficiaries
Authors: Cheng Zijing , Li Yue 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundOlder adults have been disproportionately affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Despite the widespread availability and proved effectiveness of COVID‐19 vaccines, the issue of inequity in vaccine uptake in the United States is a potential concern among different populations. This study examined racial and ethnic and income disparities in COVID‐19 vaccination rate among Medicare beneficiaries.MethodsData from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) COVID‐19 Winter 2021 Community Supplement were employed (n = 9606 Medicare beneficiaries, weighted N = 50,512,963). We fitted a logistic regression model to determine the association of vaccination status with beneficiary race and ethnicity and income, after controlled for a set of beneficiary characteristics.ResultsCompared with non‐Hispanic White respondents, Hispanic respondents (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.54–0.96, p = 0.02) and Black respondents (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.67–1.04, p = 0.11) were less likely to receive COVID‐19 vaccine. In addition, the likelihood of COVID‐19 vaccine uptake for beneficiaries who earn less than $25,000 per year was more than 50% lower than that for those whose annual income was $25,000 or more (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.37–0.53, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsRacial and ethnic and income disparities exist in COVID‐19 vaccination rate among Medicare beneficiaries nationally. Community‐based strategies to boost vaccine uptake may target racial and ethnic minorities and socioeconomically disadvantaged groups to reduce such disparities.
Developmental stages of the ballan wrasse from first feeding through metamorphosis: Cranial ossification and the digestive system
Authors: Norland Sissel , Sæle Øystein , Rønnestad Ivar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe have described six developmental stages for the ballan wrasse, from the first feeding until the juvenile stage, supported by specific descriptions of cranial ossification, maturation of the digestive tract, and growth‐correlated stages. The initial formation and development of bones are closely linked to the functional anatomical structures required for the mechanics of its feeding behavior and ingestion, particularly the jaws and branchial regions involved in opening the mouth and capturing food particles. The overall ontogeny of the cranial structure compares to that of other teleosts. The cranial ossification of the ballan wrasse skull and the development of its dentary apparatus—first pharyngal teeth and later oral teeth—is linked to the development of the digestive system and to their feeding habits, from preying on zooplankton to feeding on crustaceans and invertebrates on rocks and other substrates. As ballan wrasse is a nibbler, eating small meals, the digestive tract is short compared to the length of the fish; there is no stomach or peptic digestion and also no distinctive bulbus and pyloric ceca. The liver and exocrine pancreas and their outlets terminating in the lumen of the most anterior part of the intestine are important in the digestive process and develop with a larger volume than that in gastric teleosts, relative to the digestive system.
The platformed money ecosystem: Digital financial platforms, datafication, and reimagining financial well‐being
Authors: Ekpo Akon E. , Drenten Jenna , Albinsson Pia A. , Anong Sophia , Appau Samuelson , Chatterjee Lagnajita , Dadzie Charlene A. , Echelbarger Margaret , Muldrow Adrienne , Ross Spencer M. , Santana Shelle , Weinberger Michelle F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDigital financial platforms have become an integral part of consumers' lives–resulting in the datafication of everyday life and potential for uniquely impacting financial well‐being. Extending previous transformative consumer research, we suggest financial well‐being must center the ways digital financial platforms and their resulting data are increasingly enmeshed with financial decision making and consumption. Drawing on a theoretical lens of platformization, we propose the Platformed Money Ecosystem, which accounts for increased embeddedness of digital financial platforms within consumers' lives and the subtlety of how everyday life is transformed into data: producing data at the micro‐level, monetizing data at the meso‐level, and regulating data at the macro‐level. In conceptualizing the Platformed Money Ecosystem, we identify three data‐informed considerations for scholars and policymakers to reimagine financial well‐being: protecting consumer data, limiting data biases, and supporting data literacy.
Sterile abscess due to hyaluronic acid: A new diagnosis and a proposal for treatment‐A series of eight cases
Authors: Munhoz Gabriela , Cavallieri Fernanda Aquino , de Almeida Balassiano Laila Klotz , Tembra Maria Fernanda , Cunha José Marcos T. , Silveira Alessandro C. O. , Moreira Marcos Vinicius Rust , Ramos‐e‐Silva Marcia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, fillers procedures with hyaluronic acid (HA) have grown significantly. Despite HA relative safety, the number of cases of complications after injections has grown, and in many of which, we are not aware of or have little control over.AimsIn this article, the authors describe a new adverse reaction after filling with HA injection, the sterile abscess.Patients/MethodsWe present eight patients with similar clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound characteristics for sterile abscess and report a new therapeutic modality for it.ResultsAll cases were treated with “Munhoz‐Cavallieri Lavage Protocol” procedure with complete resolution.Conclusions“Munhoz‐Cavallieri Lavage Protocol” serves as a guideline in diagnosis and management of sterile abscess.
Flexural Strength of Various Provisional Restorative Materials for Rehabilitation After Aging
Authors: Juntavee Niwut , Juntavee Apa , Srisontisuk Supichaya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeDurability of provisional restoration is crucial for full‐mouth reconstruction, which may be influenced by aging. This study evaluated the effect of aging on the flexural strength of provisional materials for oral rehabilitation.Materials and methodsBar specimens (2×2×25 mm) were fabricated from CAD‐CAM [Vita CAD‐Temp® (VC), Telio®CAD (TC), artBloc® (RC)], autopolymerized [Protemp™IV (PA), Luxatemp® (LA), Unifast™Trad (UA)], and heat‐polymerized polymer [Major® C & B; (MH)]. Each was divided into aging (AG, 5000 thermocycles of 5°/55°C) and nonaging groups (NG, n = 15/group). Flexural strength (σ, MPa) was determined in a universal testing machine at 1 mm/min crosshead speed. An analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were determined for significant difference (α = 0.05).ResultsTCNG indicated the highest mean of σ (133.49 ±4.32), whereas VCNG indicated the lowest mean of σ (84.62 ±3.73) for nonaging. Upon aging process, TCAG revealed the highest mean of σ (123.11 ±4.55), while VCAG possessed the lowest mean of σ (84.05 ±6.39). Significant differences among various provisional materials were indicated (p = 0.001). Aging significantly affected flexural strength (p = 0.001).ConclusionsThe CAD‐CAM provisional material possessed higher flexural strength than heat‐polymerized PMMA and autopolymerized PMMA, which was suggested as a provisional material for rehabilitation. Aging reduced strength for all materials tested.
Patients' perspectives of fluid management: A multicentre comparative study of home and incentre haemodialysis
Authors: Glyde Megan , Sutherland Ed , Dye Louise , Mitra Sandip , Keane David 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is increasing worldwide interest in person‐centred care in haemodialysis and home haemodialysis (HHD). Intradialytic fluid management is a vital component of haemodialysis, and often a shared decision, yet patients' perspectives and experience of related decisions are largely unexplored.ObjectivesTo explore the perspectives of patients receiving home or incentre haemodialysis (IHD), in relation to intradialytic fluid management.DesignA multicentre cross‐sectional survey.ParticipantsEight hundred and thirty‐nine patients receiving IHD and 99 patients receiving HHD, across six English renal units.MeasurementsSelf‐reported measures of understanding, experiences and control of fluid management, and willingness to achieve target weight. An objective test of patients' ability to relate common signs and symptoms to fluid overload or excessive ultrafiltration.ResultsPatients receiving HHD had greater knowledge than those receiving IHD (66.1% vs. 42.3%, p < 0.001) about causes of common signs and symptoms which remained when controlling for age, education and years since beginning haemodialysis. Patients receiving HHD felt more in control of and had greater self‐reported adherence to fluid management (p < 0.01), yet knowledge gaps existed in both cohorts.ConclusionsGreater patient knowledge and its practice in HHD may contribute to improved fluid balance and outcomes. Whilst patient selection may contribute towards these differences, the training patients receive when opting for HHD and subsequent experience are likely to be key contributing factors. Integrating aspects of education on fluid management from HHD training programmes should be considered in IHD, and further targeted, robust education remains an unmet need.
A novel health behaviour intervention to promote adherence in kidney failure
Authors: Celano Christopher M. , Zambrano Juliana , Harnedy Lauren , Arroyo‐Ariza Daniel , Carrillo Alba , Chung Wei‐Jean , Massey Christina N. , Cohen‐Bucay Abraham , Huffman Jeff C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundHealth behaviour adherence is associated with improved survival in kidney failure (KF); however, most patients with KF do not adhere to one or more health behaviours. Existing health behaviour interventions have significant limitations and do not focus on psychological factors that are associated with adherence and health.ObjectivesTo examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a 12‐week, phone‐delivered, positive psychology‐motivational interviewing (MI) intervention to promote psychological well‐being and adherence in KF.DesignSingle‐arm, proof‐of‐concept trial (N = 10).ParticipantsParticipants were adults with KF undergoing haemodialysis and reporting suboptimal adherence to physical activity, diet, and/or medications. Participants attended weekly phone sessions with a study trainer, completed weekly positive psychology exercises (focused on gratitude, strengths, and meaning), and worked towards physical activity, diet, and/or medication goals.MeasurementsFeasibility was measured by the percentage of sessions completed, while acceptability was assessed through participant ratings of positive psychology and MI session ease and utility (0–10 Likert scales). We explored the intervention's impact on psychological outcomes and health behaviour adherence using validated scales and accelerometers.ResultsParticipants completed 78% of sessions and rated the program's components as easy to complete (positive psychology: 8.7 ± 1.5; MI: 8.3 ± 2.0) and subjectively helpful (positive psychology: 8.8 ± 1.2; MI: 8.8 ± 1.6). The intervention led to promising but nonsignificant improvements in psychological and adherence measures.ConclusionsThis 12‐week, phone‐delivered program was feasible, well‐accepted, and associated with nonsignificant improvements health behaviour adherence, highlighting the need for a larger efficacy trial.
Hospital service use for young people with chronic health conditions: A population‐based matched retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mitchell Rebecca J , McMaugh Anne , Herkes Geoffrey , Homaira Nusrat , Hng Tien‐Ming , Cameron Cate M , Lystad Reidar P 
Published: May 2022

AimThis study aims to identify the hospitalised morbidity associated with three common chronic health conditions among young people using a population‐based matched cohort.MethodsA population‐level matched case‐comparison retrospective cohort study of young people aged ≤18 years hospitalised with asthma, type 1 diabetes (T1D) or epilepsy during 2005–2018 in New South Wales, Australia using linked birth, health and mortality records. The comparison cohort was matched on age, sex and residential postcode. Adjusted rate ratios (ARR) were calculated by sex and age group.ResultsThere were 65 055 young people hospitalised with asthma, 6648 with epilepsy, and 2209 with T1D. Young people with epilepsy (ARR 10.95; 95% confidence interval (CI) 9.98–12.02), T1D (ARR 8.64; 95% CI 7.72–9.67) or asthma (ARR 4.39; 95% CI 4.26–4.53) all had a higher risk of hospitalisation than matched peers. Admission risk was highest for males (ARR 11.00; 95% CI 9.64–12.56) and females with epilepsy (ARR 10.83; 95% CI 9.54–12.29) compared to peers. The highest admission risk by age group was for young people aged 10–14 years (ARR 5.50; 95% CI 4.77–6.34) living with asthma, children aged ≤4 years (ARR 12.68; 95% CI 11.35–14.17) for those living with epilepsy, and children aged 5–9 years (ARR 9.12; 95% CI 7.69–10.81) for those living with T1D compared to peers.ConclusionsThe results will guide health service planning and highlight opportunities for better management of chronic health conditions, such as further care integration between acute, primary and community health services for young people.
A whiff of the future: functions of phenylalanine‐derived aroma compounds and advances in their industrial production
Authors: Skaliter Oded , Livneh Yarin , Agron Shani , Shafir Sharoni , Vainstein Alexander 
Published: May 2022

SummaryPlants produce myriad aroma compounds—odorous molecules that are key factors in countless aspects of the plant's life cycle, including pollinator attraction and communication within and between plants. For humans, aroma compounds convey accurate information on food type, and are vital for assessing the environment. The phenylpropanoid pathway is the origin of notable aroma compounds, such as raspberry ketone and vanillin. In the last decade, great strides have been made in elucidating this pathway with the identification of numerous aroma‐related biosynthetic enzymes and factors regulating metabolic shunts. These scientific achievements, together with public acknowledgment of aroma compounds' medicinal benefits and growing consumer demand for natural products, are driving the development of novel biological sources for wide‐scale, eco‐friendly, and inexpensive production. Microbes and plants that are readily amenable to metabolic engineering are garnering attention as suitable platforms for achieving this goal. In this review, we discuss the importance of aroma compounds from the perspectives of humans, pollinators and plant–plant interactions. Focusing on vanillin and raspberry ketone, which are of high interest to the industry, we present key knowledge on the biosynthesis and regulation of phenylalanine‐derived aroma compounds, describe advances in the adoption of microbes and plants as platforms for their production, and propose routes for improvement.
Metaphysical idealism revisited
Authors: Tse Plato 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to offer a general survey of the latest development of metaphysical idealism in contemporary Anglo‐American philosophy. It consists of five main parts. The first part is a short introduction, it states the position of idealism and its current status in the Anglophone world. The second part focuses on the negative programme of idealism, which challenges physicalism on the problem of matter (2.1) and the problem of consciousness (2.2). The third part illustrates the positive programme of idealism, whose varieties can be grouped into two principal types: constitutive and elementary. Constitutive idealism (3.1) is subdivided into the theocentric (3.1.1), the anthropocentric (3.1.2), and the acentric (3.1.3). Elementary idealism (3.2), on the other hand, can be unity‐based (3.2.1), language‐based (3.2.2), or knowledge‐based (3.2.3). The six categories form a general framework of metaphysical idealism, and various accounts in the existing literature are discussed under each category. The fourth part addresses the relation between idealism and panpsychism. The paper is concluded with some caveats and future prospects.
Explaining The Anti‐Immigrant Sentiment Through a Spatial Analysis: A Study of The 2019 European Elections in Italy
Authors: Pagliacci Francesco , Bonacini Luca 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTDoes the settling of foreigners cause a rise in anti‐immigrant sentiment due to resource competition? Or do direct interactions lead to more respectful relations? And what if one also considers the settlement of foreigners in neighbouring municipalities? Applying an instrumental variable approach to variables collected at the Italian municipality level and including neighbouring areas, this paper aims to answer these questions by considering the vote for the Lega party in 2019 European parliamentary election as a proxy for the anti‐immigration sentiment. Our results point out that, once controlling for most socio‐economic variables and remoteness, a larger presence of foreigners within the municipality reduces the vote for the Lega. In contrast, the presence of immigrants in the neighbouring municipalities does not show a significant effect.
A classification framework and computational methods for human interaction analysis using movement data
Authors: Su Rongxiang , Dodge Somayeh , Goulias Konstadinos 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInteraction analysis for moving individuals in space and time can contribute to understanding urban dynamics and human social networks. Recent advancements in trajectory analytics have created methods to identify and extract spatiotemporal patterns of interaction using movement tracking data. However, existing definitions and classifications of interaction between moving individuals are isolated. This research is the first attempt toward developing a taxonomy of human interaction in space and time that are observable from movement data. In the proposed framework, interaction between moving individuals is divided into four categories based on the time when it occurs and the duration of the interaction, including concurrent encounter, concurrent interaction, delayed encounter, and delayed interaction. While the duration of interaction can play a significant role in classifying human interaction, techniques to quantify the duration of interaction are limited. This article incorporates an evaluation of the time‐geographic interaction analysis method to quantify the duration of interaction between moving individuals using human‐generated GPS tracking data in California. The evaluation is a comparison between the existing time‐geographic‐based approach that mainly relies on potential path area computation and polygon intersection and the proximity‐based approach (i.e., based on the intersection of spatial and temporal buffers of two individuals) that is commonly used in digital contact tracing technologies. The results show that the time‐geographic‐based approach can measure the duration of interaction more accurately, whereas the proximity‐based approach underestimates the duration of interactions.
Isotretinoin treatment of 12 dogs with epitheliotropic lymphoma
Authors: Ramos Sofia Chichorro , Macfarlane Michael John , Polton Gerry 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundEpitheliotropic lymphoma is an uncommon cutaneous malignancy of T lymphocytes. Limited information is available regarding the treatment and outcome of dogs with this disease.ObjectivesTo evaluate the treatment outcome and toxicity profile of isotretinoin in dogs with epitheliotropic lymphoma.AnimalsTwelve dogs with a diagnosis of epitheliotropic lymphoma were included.Materials and methodsA medical database was searched for dogs diagnosed with epitheliotropic lymphoma and treated with isotretinoin between 2010 and 2021. Diagnosis, treatment details and tumour response were recorded for 12 dogs.ResultsAll lesions resolved in four of 12 (33%) treated dogs. Lesions visibly improved in a further three dogs, giving a response rate of 58%. Two dogs' lesions remained unchanged and three progressed despite therapy. Adverse effects occurred in three dogs (25%), all of which were rapidly resolving or not affecting quality of life.ConclusionIsotretinoin treatment was a well‐tolerated and effective treatment for canine epitheliotropic lymphoma.
Nursing surveillance of respiratory adverse events among hospitalized adults: A systematic review to guide evidence‐based practice
Authors: Halverson Colleen C. , Bailey Catherine , Ennis Joyce Arlene , Cox E. Elaine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundNursing surveillance (NS) involves the purposeful, ongoing acquisition, interpretation, and synthesis of patient data for clinical decision‐making. Surveillance is used to identify patients with early signs of distress and prevent adverse events. The processes that support and measure the outcomes of nursing surveillance are not clearly specified.AimThe aim of this systematic review was to describe the impact of NS on respiratory adverse events for adult hospitalized patients.MethodsThe PRISMA model guided this systematic search of Academic Search Complete (EBSCOhost), CINAHL Complete (EBSCOhost), Nursing & Allied Health (ProQuest), and PubMed databases for articles published between 1990 and 2019. Search terms included nursing surveillance, data points typically attributed to nursing surveillance, adult hospitalized patients, and adverse respiratory events. The protocol for this review was registered as PROSPERO: CRD42020147557.ResultsOf the 2907 references screened, 67 full‐text articles were reviewed and 10 were eligible for inclusion. Research on nursing surveillance in the presence of respiratory deterioration is limited. Six studies used assessment tools that were generated from early warning scores, and four used research or institutionally designed trigger criteria. Surveillance, like other types of nursing care, was difficult to isolate and measure. Although components of surveillance were described in the selected studies, the nurse's role was not explicitly identified. Further research is required to highlight the role nursing surveillance plays in clinical decision‐making to keep patients safe.Linking Evidence to ActionThe attributes of NS provide a useful intervention guide for the hospitalized patient at risk of deterioration. Early warning score techniques provide empirical evidence for identifying patients at risk of deterioration. The findings of this study provide evidence of the significance for research focused on the attributes of NS relative to responding to patients at risk of deterioration.