bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression and stress regarding future career among university students during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chowdhury Upama , Suvro Md. Ahosan Habib , Farhan Syed M. D. , Uddin Md Jamal 
Published: April 2022

Introduction
Students generally struggle to build a good career after their graduation in developing countries like Bangladesh. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, such struggle increased and faced with stress and depression. We aimed to inquire about the amplitude of depression and stress among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic regarding their future careers and to identify the factors associated with this depression and stress.

Methods
A total of 516 students at various universities participated in this cross-sectional survey. From October 2020 to February 2021, data was collected through an online survey. An e-questionnaire with socio-demographic, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) questions was created using Google Forms and distributed via Facebook, WhatsApp, and other social media platforms. The universities included into the sample were selected randomly from eight divisions of Bangladesh. Descriptive statistics and Pearson chi-square tests were carried out and the association between the risk factors and the outcome (e.g. depression and stress) was assessed by the odds ratio (OR) including 95% confidence interval (CI) obtained from the binary logistic regression model.

Results
Among 516 participants, 380 (73.6%) were male and 136 (26.4%) were female. Around 414 (80.2%) participants had mild to severe depression and 399 (77.3%) reported having low to moderately perceived stress. Female students were 2.1 (95% CI: 1.21–3.76) times more depressed and 3.6 (95% CI: 1.87–6.76) times more stressed than the counterpart. Students, who think delaying graduation due to COVID-19 will reduce the chance of getting a job, were 1.72 (95% CI: 1.07–2.76) times more depressed. Respondents, whose department offers any internship were 36% less depressed (p = 0.053), while skilled students were 46% less stressed though it was not statistically significant (p = 0.43).

Conclusion
According to our findings, there is an increasing prevalence of depression and stress among students, particularly among female students and those who do not receive job-related facilities from their institutions or who are unskilled. Universities can provide mental health programs and strive to have enough space for students to participate in internships. In addition, the government and educational institutions should work together to address the growing challenge.
Prevalence of dermatological, oral and neurological problems due to face mask use during COVID-19 and its associated factors among the health care workers of Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Sreshtha , Roy Simanta , Iktidar Mohammad Azmain , Rahman Shahidur , Liza Mowshomi Mannan , Islam A. M. Khairul , Akhter Sharmin , Medha Madhuritu Bhadra , Tasnim Afia , Gupta Antara Das , Deb Auditia , Chowdhury Shresta , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain 
Published: April 2022

Background
When caring for COVID-19 patients, using personal protective equipment (PPE) may significantly lower the risk of infection of health care workers (HCWs). However, adverse responses due to PPE use have been observed during the 2003 SARS pandemic. This study will highlight the different adverse reactions caused by face mask use, one of the essential components of PPE in the HCWs, and identify the factors associated with these problems.

Methods
This cross-sectional survey was conducted between September and October 2021. 404 HCWs were selected by snowball sampling from four randomly selected healthcare facilities of Bangladesh. Trained volunteers collected data by face-to-face interview using a pretested structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using STATA (v.16) and summarized using frequency and relative frequency. Later, the chi-square test was used to explore bivariate relationships, and the binary logistic regression model was fit to identify the predictors.

Results
The majority of the respondents were 26–36 years (70.30%), male (69.80%), and doctors (74.50%). 48.76% of the respondents had unfavorable skin responses beneath the face masks; female gender, physicians, professionals working more than 32 hours a week, wearing N95, and more than one mask were predictors of skin problem. 28.47% and 60.15% of all participants suffered from some form of oral and neurological problems, respectively.

Conclusion
Face mask use sequelae, especially skin, oral and neurological problems, are prevalent among health care workers. Therefore, necessary precautionary measures should be taken to safeguard our frontlines.
Role of Business Etchics as Moderating Variable in the Effect of Integrated Reporting, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Environmental Performance toward Corporate Reputation
Authors: Simandjuntak JBP , Sudibyo Yvonne 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
The study to analyze the effect of Integrated Reporting, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Environmental Performance toward Corporate Reputation. And also analyzes the impact of Business Ethics as a moderating variable that strengthens or weakens the relationship between the effects of Integrated Reporting, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Environmental Performance toward Corporate Reputation. The researcher collects empirical study data from the companies using secondary data taken from the annual reports of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and Publish the Sustaninability Reporting. Then analyzes them using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. A total of 150 units of data analysis that meet the criteria and can be used as samples in this study. Business Etchics as a moderator between Integrated Reporting, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Environmental Performance toward Corporate Reputation with proxy and measurement on Corporate Coode of Conduct in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange is still little researched. So this research will not only fill in the current gaps in the literature but also spark new academic debates, but this study will also contribute to the practice of Corporate Reputation. This study reveals that Integreted Reporting and Environmental Performance have a positive and significant effect on Corporate Reputation. Corporate Social Responsibility have no effect on Corporate Reputation. Meanwhile, the role of the Business Ethics as a moderating variable have strengthens the influence between Integreted Reporting and Environmental Performance on Corporate Reputation from before being moderated by the Business Ethics. This study only takes secondary data from the annual reports of companies and Sustanainability reports of companies from the Indonesian stock exchange. And only have thirty companies as a data this study.
Zmiany zachorowalności na nowotwory złośliwe ośrodkowego układu nerwowego w województwie wielkopolskim
Authors: Pilarska Agnieszka 
Published: April 2022

W pracy dokonano analizy przestrzennej i czasowej zmiany współczynnika surowego zachorowalności na nowotwory złośliwe ośrodkowego układu nerwowego (z uwzględnieniem opon mózgowo-rdzeniowych), określono charakter i siłę trendów zachorowalności oraz wskazano obszary o niekorzystnej i korzystnej sytuacji.
Niekorzystna sytuacja w zakresie zachorowalności surowej na analizowane nowotwory występowała w podregionie miasto Poznań, podregionie kaliskim oraz w powiecie pilskim. W województwie wielkopolskim istotne statystycznie trendy wzrostowe zachorowalności odnotowano dla „nowotworu złośliwego opon mózgowo-rdzeniowych (C70)” oraz „nowotworu złośliwego mózgu (C71)”. Jedyny istotny statystycznie trend spadkowy zachorowalności wystąpił w podregionie pilskim i dotyczył „nowotworu złośliwego rdzenia kręgowego, nerwów czaszkowych i innych części ośrodkowego układu nerwowego (C72)”.
High incidence of discrepancies in new Siemens assay – a comparison of cardiac troponin I assays
Authors: Hasselbalch Rasmus Bo , Kristensen Jonas Henrik , Jørgensen Nicoline , Strandkjær Nina , Alaour Bashir , Afzal Shoaib , Marber Michael , Bundgaard Henning , Iversen Kasper Karmark 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Cardiac troponin (cTn) is the biochemical gold standard for diagnosing myocardial infarction (MI). We compared the Siemens ADVIA Centaur High-Sensitivity (hs-cTnI) assay with the Siemens Ultra assay (cTnI-U).

Methods
Over 3 months cTnI-U and hs-cTnI were measured simultaneously at Herlev-Gentofte Hospital. Acute myocardial injury was diagnosed using the 4th universal definition. Disputed cases were adjudicated using clinical data. We compared diagnostic accuracy using area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic. Outliers in between-assay differences were defined as a factor-5 difference and ≥1 measurement >40 ng/L. Patients with outlier differences were invited for re-sampling and tested with serial dilution and heterophilic blocking tubes.

Results
From the 18th January to the 20th April 2019, 4,369 samples on 2,658 patients were included. cTnI-U measured higher concentrations than hs-cTnI (mean 23%, −52–213%), resulting in a higher frequency of acute myocardial injury, 255 (9.6%) vs. 203 (7.6%), p<0.001. This remained significant after adjudication, 212 vs 197, p<0.001. AUC for the prediction of MI for was 0.963 for cTnI-U and 0.959 for hs-cTnI, p=0.001. Outlier differences were seen in 35 (1.2%) patients, primarily with elevated hs-cTnI (n=33, 94%). On two re-samplings (median 144 and 297 days since inclusion), 16 of 20 (80%) and 11 of 11 had sustained elevation of hs-cTnI. The samples showed no signs of heterophilic antibodies.

Conclusions
Using hs-cTnI resulted in a subset of patients with large, discrepant elevations in concentration. These patients still had elevated hs-cTnI 6–10 months post admission but no heterophilic antibodies.
Artificial intelligence in laboratory medicine: fundamental ethical issues and normative key-points
Authors: Pennestrì Federico , Banfi Giuseppe 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The contribution of laboratory medicine in delivering value-based care depends on active cooperation and trust between pathologist and clinician. The effectiveness of medicine more in general depends in turn on active cooperation and trust between clinician and patient. From the second half of the 20th century, the art of medicine is challenged by the spread of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, recently showing comparable performances to flesh-and-bone doctors in some diagnostic specialties. Being the principle source of data in medicine, the laboratory is a natural ground where AI technologies can disclose the best of their potential. In order to maximize the expected outcomes and minimize risks, it is crucial to define ethical requirements for data collection and interpretation by-design, clarify whether they are enhanced or challenged by specific uses of AI technologies, and preserve these data under rigorous but feasible norms. From 2018 onwards, the European Commission (EC) is making efforts to lay the foundations of sustainable AI development among European countries and partners, both from a cultural and a normative perspective. Alongside with the work of the EC, the United Kingdom provided worthy-considering complementary advice in order to put science and technology at the service of patients and doctors. In this paper we discuss the main ethical challenges associated with the use of AI technologies in pathology and laboratory medicine, and summarize the most pertaining key-points from the guidelines and frameworks before-mentioned.
Exploring Individual and Family-related Characteristics of Hybrid Entrepreneurs
Authors: Dvouletý Ondřej , Bögenhold Dieter 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This research contributes to the knowledge of individuals called hybrid entrepreneurs who combine primary paid employment with secondary self-employment activity. We work with a dataset of 30 countries participating in the 2017 European Union Labour Force Survey. We conduct a multivariate analysis of individual and family-related characteristics of hybrid entrepreneurs. Our results highlight that hybrid entrepreneurs are a specific subgroup of the population of self-employed individuals. While the hybrid entrepreneurs are also a relatively heterogeneous group themselves, we show that most of them do business in the agricultural sector and live in rural areas. Their business activities seem to be on average younger than those being run by primarily self-employed individuals. This likely reflects the temporary nature of many hybrid entrepreneurship endeavours. Interestingly hybrid entrepreneurs have, on average, higher levels of education, but this finding relates mainly to those being involved in non-agricultural activities. Women are less likely to pursue hybrid entrepreneurship, which is even less likely associated with having caring responsibilities for children. Future research should provide more longitudinal insights into the family-kids related aspects of hybrid entrepreneurship.
Material Stress and Heat Treatment of Rolling Bearing Steels
Authors: Beer O. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A stress analysis for a Hertzian contact of ball on groove is presented. The subsurface stresses, the equivalent stresses and the effect of residual stresses are shown by diagrams. Based on this analysis the requirements for materials applied in rolling element bearings are derived. The basic properties of the bearing steels, the predominantly used materials for rolling element bearing components are described. The influence of the austenitizing temperature, method of quenching and tempering temperature on the material properties is shown on the example of the bearing steel 100CrMnSi6-4. It is demonstrated how the requirements derived by these results can be fulfilled by modern equipment for industrial heat treating. It is also shown, to which extent residual stresses can be induced by different quenching procedures and that bainitic hardening can result in advantages especially for bearing applications.
Numerical simulation of iron ore sintering process with coke oven gas injection and oxygen enrichment
Authors: Ni Wenjie , Jiang Lili , Zhu Xiaofeng , Yi Xin , Li Haifeng , Shao Lei , Meng Fanchao , Zou Zongshu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Oxygen enrichment is believed to improve productivity and reduce fuel consumption, while gas fuel injection is assumed to improve the product yield and quality in iron ore sintering process. It is important to understand the mutual effect of oxygen enrichment and gas fuel injection for combined usage of these two techniques. A mathematical model is developed to simulate the sintering process with coke oven gas (COG) injection and oxygen enrichment, particularly focusing on predicting the quality and yield of sinter production, as well as NO
x
emission. The model is validated by comparing the model predictions with sintering pot test data, and numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the mutual effect of oxygen enrichment and COG injection. The results show that, compared with the conventional sintering process, with 0.5% COG injection and 30% oxygen enrichment, the mean melt quantity index (MQI) is increased by 4.1% and the mean cooling rate (CR) is decreased by 62.5%, showing that the sinter quality is improved significantly. The sinter yield is increased by 44.5%, whereas the NO
x
emission is increased by 8.3%. With the increase of oxygen enrichment from 21% to 30%, the sinter yield increases prominently first and then decreases a little, attaining its maximum at 30% of oxygen concentration. In addition, increasing oxygen concentration will increase the conversion rate of coke-N to NO
x
. Therefore, excessive oxygen enrichment is not only bad for sinter strength and yield, but also increases NO
x
emission.
Optimal design, techno-economic and sensitivity analysis of a grid-connected hybrid renewable energy system: a case study
Authors: Pujari Harish Kumar , Rudramoorthy Mageshvaran 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Integrating renewable resources with existing power system are rapidly increasing day by day, becoming an effective way to rural electrification where distribution system extension is not economically feasible. This research aims to design such an optimal grid-connected hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) modelled using solar, wind energy, diesel generator, battery storage, thermal loads, thermal load controller, and boiler. This system is designed to meet the load demand requirement of chintalayapalle village, Andhra Pradesh, India. The techno-economic, sensitivity analysis and cost-effective optimal configuration of this system have been performed using HOMER software. Totally eight configurations have been designed here and the optimal configuration have been identified based on the minimum net present cost (NPC), lowest cost of energy (COE), and the highest renewable fraction (RF). Results obtained shows that the optimally configured system is more environmentally friendly because of less carbon emission. Also, it would be more cost-effective when wind power becomes the main energy source and combined with moderate capacity of solar photovoltaic and battery.
Evaluation of a fire safety risk prediction model for an existing building
Authors: Rzaij Waleed A. , Al-Obaidi Basim H. K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Fire is one of the most critical risks devastating to human life and property. Therefore, humans make different efforts to deal with fire hazards. Many techniques have been developed to assess fire safety risks. One of these methods is to predict the outbreak of a fire in buildings, and although it is hard to predict when a fire will start, it is critical to do so to safeguard human life and property. This research deals with evaluating the safety risks of the existing building in the city of Samawah/Iraq and determining the appropriateness of these buildings in terms of safety from fire hazards. Twelve parameters are certified based on the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA2016) code. The concept of giving weight to each criterion was adopted to classify the criteria according to their importance and then conduct an on-site examination of these existing buildings to test the selected criteria. The result indicates a possible fire risk in these buildings due to the lack of compliance with fire safety instructions in the approved codes.
Prepubertal and pubertal gonadal morphology, expression of cell lineage markers and hormonal evaluation in two 46,XY siblings with 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency
Authors: von Spreckelsen Benedikte , Aksglaede Lise , Johannsen Trine Holm , Nielsen John E. , Main Katharina M. , Jørgensen Anne , Jensen Rikke Beck 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objectives
17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 (17β-HSD3) deficiency results in insufficient biosynthesis of testosterone and consequently dihydrotestosterone. This is important for the fetal development of male genitalia. Thus, most 46,XY patients with 17β-HSD3 deficiency have a female appearance at birth and present with virilization at puberty. This study presents the differences in the clinical and hormonal data and analyses of gonadal characteristics in two siblings with 17β-HSD3 deficiency.

Case presentation
Patient 1 presented with deepening of the voice and signs of virilization at puberty and increased serum levels of testosterone (T) of 10.9 nmol/L (2.9 SDS) and androstenedione (Δ4) of 27 nmol/L (3.3 SDS) were observed. The T/Δ4-ratio was 0.39. Patient 2 was clinically prepubertal at the time of diagnosis, but she also had increased levels of T at 1.97 nmol/L (2.9 SDS), Δ4 at 5 nmol/L (3.3 SDS), and the T/Δ4-ratio was 0.40, but without signs of virilization. Both siblings were diagnosed as homozygous for the splice-site mutation c.277+4A>T in intron 3 of HSD17B3. They were subsequently gonadectomized and treated with hormone replacement therapy. The gonadal histology was overall in accordance with pubertal status, although with a dysgenetic pattern in both patients, including Sertoli-cell-only tubules, few tubules containing germ cells, and presence of microliths.

Conclusions
Two siblings with 17β-HSD3 deficiency differed in pubertal development at the time of diagnosis and showed marked differences in their clinical presentation, hormonal profile, gonadal morphology and expression of cell lineage markers. Early diagnosis of 17β-HSD3 deficiency appears beneficial to ameliorate long-term consequences.
The crystal structure of N-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzamide, C14H19NO3
Authors: Zhang Jingxiao , Zhao Xiaoxiao , Cai Chenyu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
C14H19NO3, monoclinic, Cc (no. 9), a = 11.1235(5) Å, b = 15.3724(5) Å, c = 8.1110(3) Å, β = 109.3980(10)°, V = 1308.21(9) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0300, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0703, T = 170 K.
Asymmetry in stochastic volatility models with threshold and time-dependent correlation
Authors: Schäfers Torben , Teng Long 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work we study the effects by including threshold, constant and time-dependent correlation in stochastic volatility (SV) models to capture the asymmetry relationship between stock returns and volatility. We develop SV models which include only time-dependent correlated innovations and both threshold and time-dependent correlation, respectively. It has been shown in literature that the SV model with only constant correlation does a better job of capturing asymmetry than threshold stochastic volatility (TSV) model. We show here that the SV model with time-dependent correlation performs better than the model with constant correlation on capturing asymmetry, and the comprehensive model with both threshold and time-dependently correlated innovations dominates models with pure threshold, constant and time-dependent correlation, and both threshold and constant correlation as well. In our comprehensive model, volatility and returns are time-dependently correlated, where the time-varying correlation is negative, and the volatility is more persistent, less volatile and higher following negative returns as expected. An empirical study is provided to illustrate our findings.
Trichoderma hamatum derived from coffee plant ( Coffea canephora ) rhizosphere inhibit Candida albicans Growth
Authors: Khairillah Yuyun Nisaul , Sukarno Nampiah , Batubara Irmanida 
Published: April 2022

The Trichoderma hamatum produces various secondary metabolites that can be used as Candida albicans. This research aimed to isolate T. hamatum from the coffee (Coffea canephora) rhizosphere and analyze the fungal compounds to control the pathogenic fungus C. albicans. T. hamatum was isolated using the dilution method, and the fungal identification was used, combining morphological and molecular characteristics of ITS rDNA. The potency of T. hamatum as C. albicans was determined by antagonist test using the double-layer method, while for culture filtrate, ethyl acetate and n-hexane filtrate extracts were carried out by the agar diffusion method. The compounds in the most active extract were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). T. hamatum inhibits C. albicans growth in antagonistic and filtrate with 15.53 mm and 14.40 mm of inhibition zone. It indicated that both culture and fungal filtrate had similar activities on C. albicans. The ethyl acetate extract (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC of 0.50%) showed more potent against C. abicans than n-hexane extract (MIC of 15.00%). The potential active compound in the ethyl acetate extract would be 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z) methyl ester. The 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z) methyl ester could be used as an alternative candidate to control Candida.