bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The creative city approach: origins, construction and prospects in a scenario of transition
Authors: Segovia Chema , Hervé Julie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe change of the century saw the emergence of a series of discourses that conceptualised different aspects related with culture as key elements in the future of urban realities. The fact that these notions have become encompassed within the celebrated label of “the creative city” leads us to think that they form a self-evident model, fully assimilated and of general value. However, the review of the process through which a reasonably cohesive and accepted framework was constructed unveils the complex nature of the creative city. This article introduces the idea of the creative city as an “approach”, in the sense of an epistemological and methodological focus that is distinguishable, yet neither rigid nor closed. An understanding of this type is useful for assessing the validity and the imbalances of the creative city in the midst of an epoch of problematic transition, in which culture and the city are alternatively defined as spaces of conflict or spaces of hope.
Patient involvement in basic rheumatology research at Nijmegen: a three year’s responsive evaluation of added value, pitfalls and conditions for success
Authors: de Wit Maarten P. T. , Koenders M. I. , Neijland Y. , van den Hoogen F. H. J. , van der Kraan P. M. , van de Loo F. A. J. , Berkers H. , Lieon M. , van Caam A. , van den Ende C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Empirical evidence for effective patient-researcher collaboration in basic research is lacking. This study aims to explore good working models and impact of patient involvement in basic rheumatology research and to identify barriers and facilitators.

Method
A responsive evaluation of a three years’ participatory research project in a basic and translational laboratory research setting. Several working models for patient involvement were piloted and adapted if considered necessary. The study comprised surveys, interviews, training days, meeting reports, Q-sort exercises and field notes, and regular reflective team sessions with participant involvement. A qualitative analysis using thematic coding focused on impact, barriers and facilitators.

Results
Thirteen patient research partners (PRPs) and fifteen basic researchers participated. PRPs experienced basic research as fascinating though complex to understand. Their initial role was mostly listening and asking questions. After several meetings equal and more meaningful relationships emerged. Researchers’ motivation increased by listening to patient stories. They learned about disease impact on daily life and to speak in understandable language. This enabled PRPs to learn about research and the pathogenesis of their disease. It inspired them to stay involved over a longer period. After three years, both parties preferred 1:1 contacts over collaboration in team meetings. A common language and respectful communication were important facilitators. Limitations were the complexity of disease processes for patients and the time commitment for researchers. Impact was reported as a sincere dialogue with multiple advantages for patients and researchers, and to a lesser extent than expected on the research process and outcomes.

Conclusion
Patient involvement contributes to motivating young scientists in performing basic research projects. Patients and researchers valued the benefits of long-term one-on-one collaboration. These benefits outweigh the lack of direct impact on basic research goals and performance.
A plain language summary of the abstract
is available (as) online Additional file 1.
Intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance imaging and derived parameters in the assessment for polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Ozkok Sercin , Sorkun Mine , Dogan Mahmut Bilal , Can Bulent , Hocaoglu Meryem , Aslan Ahmet 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinologic disorder in reproductive age. Diagnosis is based on clinical, laboratory, and ultrasonography findings. However, the application of ultrasound for the diagnosis of PCOS in overweight and sexually inactive patients may be limited. The purpose of this study was to display the imaging characteristics of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived parameters as Dtrue (slow diffusion coefficient),D* (perfusion-related diffusion),f(perfusion fraction), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in PCOS.ResultsA total of 43 women, 20 with PCOS (mean age, 24.09 ± 3.92 years) and 23 healthy control (mean age, 23 ± 1.67 years), were included. IVIM MRI-derived parameters of the ovarian stroma were measured by two observers. MeanD* andfvalues were found to be higher in PCOS patients than in individuals in the control group (p = 0.011 andp = 0.004, respectively). The ADC value was found to be significantly lower in the patient group (p = 0.003). There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in Dtrue (p = 0.742). The interclass correlation analysis of two observers for both groups showed a good-to-excellent agreement. The ROC produced an AUC of 0.521, a sensitivity of 50%, a specificity of 57%, and a cut-off value of 1.48 × 10−3mm2/s for Dtrue; an AUC of 0.769, a sensitivity of 55%, a specificity of 67%, and a cut-off value of 22.25 × 10−3mm2/s forD*; an AUC of 0.734, a sensitivity of 55%, a specificity of 62%, and a cut-off value of 20.87% forf; an AUC of 0.893, a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 33%, and a cut-off value of 1.37 × 10−3mm2/s for ADC.ConclusionsIVIM MRI would be an alternative imaging tool in the diagnosis of PCOS with a good-to-excellent agreement and with acceptable sensitivity and specificity.
Stigma among UK family carers of people living with dementia
Authors: Bhatt Jem , Scior Katrina , Stoner Charlotte R. , Moniz-Cook Esme , Charlesworth Georgina 
Published: October 2022

Background
Models of caregiving seldom include the role of stigma when understanding the experiences of carers of people living with dementia.

Aims
To investigate the validity of the Family Stigma Instrument (FAMSI), and use it to explore the extent to which experiences of stigma are endorsed in family carers of people living with dementia.

Method
The FAMSI was tested with 70 carers of people living with dementia. They also completed a measure of self-esteem.

Results
The FAMSI demonstrated some good preliminary psychometric properties. Carers endorsed stigma by association more so than affiliate stigma constructs, suggesting that carers were aware that others viewed or treated them in a stigmatising fashion but did not endorse internalised consequences of this as much (e.g. behavioural or affective affiliate stigma).

Conclusions
The FAMSI offers new avenues for understanding the contribution of stigma to caregiver burden in dementia. It also captures the positive aspects of caregiving, which may mitigate internalised stigma in family carers, and has good potential for evaluating stigma-neutralising interventions in dementia care.
Association of Complement C3 With Incident Type 2 Diabetes and the Mediating Role of BMI: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Jiang Jing , Wang Hao , Liu Kang , He Shiqi , Li Zhaoyang , Yuan Yu , Yu Kuai , Long Pinpin , Wang Jing , Diao Tingyue , Zhang Xiaomin , He Meian , Guo Huan , Wu Tangchun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractContextImpairment of immune and inflammatory homeostasis is reported to be one of the causal factors of diabetes. However, the association of complement C3 levels with incident diabetes in humans remains unclear.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the association between C3 levels and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and further explore the potential mediating role of body mass index (BMI) in C3-T2DM associations.MethodsWe determined serum C3 levels of 2662 nondiabetic middle-aged and elderly (64.62 ± 7.25 years) individuals from the Dongfeng–Tongji cohort at baseline. Cox regression was employed to examine the incidence of T2DM in relationship to C3 levels during 10 years of follow-up. Mediation analysis was further applied to assess potential effect of BMI on the C3-T2DM associations.ResultsOverall, 711 (26.7%) participants developed T2DM during 23 067 person-years of follow-up. Higher serum C3 was significantly associated with higher risk of incident T2DM after full adjustment (HR [95% CI] = 1.16 [1.05, 1.27]; per SD higher). Compared with the first quartile of C3 levels, the HR in the fourth quartile was 1.52 (95% CI = [1.14, 2.02]; Ptrend = 0.029). Robust significant linear dose-response relationship was observed between C3 levels and BMI (Poverall &lt; 0.001, Pnonlinear = 0.96). Mediation analyses indicated that BMI might mediate 41.0% of the associations between C3 and T2DM.ConclusionThe present prospective study revealed that C3 could be an early biomarker for incident T2DM, and that BMI might play a potential mediating role in the C3-T2DM associations, which provided clues for the pathogenesis of diabetes.
Plexin D1 negatively regulates zebrafish lymphatic development
Authors: Britto Denver D. , He Jia , Misa June P. , Chen Wenxuan , Kakadia Purvi M. , Grimm Lin , Herbert Caitlin D. , Crosier Kathryn E. , Crosier Philip S. , Bohlander Stefan K. , Hogan Benjamin M. , Hall Christopher J. , Torres-Vázquez Jesús , Astin Jonathan W. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Lymphangiogenesis is a dynamic process that involves the directed migration of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) to form lymphatic vessels. The molecular mechanisms that underpin lymphatic vessel patterning are not fully elucidated and, to date, no global regulator of lymphatic vessel guidance is known. In this study, we identify the transmembrane cell signalling receptor Plexin D1 (Plxnd1) as a negative regulator of both lymphatic vessel guidance and lymphangiogenesis in zebrafish. plxnd1 is expressed in developing lymphatics and is required for the guidance of both the trunk and facial lymphatic networks. Loss of plxnd1 is associated with misguided intersegmental lymphatic vessel growth and aberrant facial lymphatic branches. Lymphatic guidance in the trunk is mediated, at least in part, by the Plxnd1 ligands, Semaphorin 3AA and Semaphorin 3C. Finally, we show that Plxnd1 normally antagonises Vegfr/Erk signalling to ensure the correct number of facial LECs and that loss of plxnd1 results in facial lymphatic hyperplasia. As a global negative regulator of lymphatic vessel development, the Sema/Plxnd1 signalling pathway is a potential therapeutic target for treating diseases associated with dysregulated lymphatic growth.
Emerging insights into serine/threonine-specific phosphoprotein phosphatase function and selectivity
Authors: Kokot Thomas , Köhn Maja 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTProtein phosphorylation on serine and threonine residues is a widely distributed post-translational modification on proteins that acts to regulate their function. Phosphoprotein phosphatases (PPPs) contribute significantly to a plethora of cellular functions through the accurate dephosphorylation of phosphorylated residues. Most PPPs accomplish their purpose through the formation of complex holoenzymes composed of a catalytic subunit with various regulatory subunits. PPP holoenzymes then bind and dephosphorylate substrates in a highly specific manner. Despite the high prevalence of PPPs and their important role for cellular function, their mechanisms of action in the cell are still not well understood. Nevertheless, substantial experimental advancements in (phospho-)proteomics, structural and computational biology have contributed significantly to a better understanding of PPP biology in recent years. This Review focuses on recent approaches and provides an overview of substantial new insights into the complex mechanism of PPP holoenzyme regulation and substrate selectivity.
Seasonal variation in rest–activity patterns in barnacle geese: are measurements of activity a good indicator of sleep–wake patterns?
Authors: van Hasselt Sjoerd J. , Piersma Theunis , Meerlo Peter 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Sleep is a widely spread phenomenon in the animal kingdom and is thought to serve important functions. Yet, the function of sleep remains an enigma. Studies in non-model animal species in their natural habitat might provide more insight into the evolution and function of sleep. However, polysomnography in the wild may not always be an option or first choice and some studies may need to rely on rest–activity recordings as a proxy for sleep and wakefulness. In the current paper, we analyzed how accelerometry-based activity data correlate with electroencephalogram (EEG)-based sleep–wake patterns in barnacle geese under seminatural conditions across different seasons. In winter, the geese had pronounced daily rhythms in rest and activity, with most activity occurring during the daytime. In summer, activity was more spread out over the 24 h cycle. Hourly activity scores strongly correlated with EEG-determined time awake, but the strength of the correlation varied with phase of the day and season. In winter, the correlations between activity and waking time were weaker for daytime than for night-time. Furthermore, the correlations between activity and waking during daytime were weaker in winter than in summer. During daytime in winter, there were many instances where the birds were awake but not moving. Experimental sleep deprivation had no effect on the strength of the correlation between activity scores and EEG-based wake time. Overall, hourly activity scores also showed significant inverse correlation with the time spent in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. However, correlation between activity scores and time spent in REM sleep was weak. In conclusion, accelerometry-based activity scores can serve as a good estimate for time awake or even the specific time spent in NREM sleep. However, activity scores cannot reliably predict REM sleep and sleep architecture.
Ontogeny of risk assessment and escape-hatching performance by red-eyed treefrog embryos in two threat contexts
Authors: Güell Brandon A. , Jung Julie , Almanzar Adeline , Cuccaro-Díaz Juliana , Warkentin Karen M. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Arboreal embryos of red-eyed treefrogs, Agalychnis callidryas, hatch prematurely in response to hypoxia when flooded and to mechanosensory cues in snake attacks, but hatching later improves tadpole survival. We studied ontogenetic changes in risk assessment and hatching performance of embryos in response to flooding and physical disturbance. We hypothesized that risk assessment decreases as hatchling survival improves and hatching performance increases as embryos develop. Because snakes eat faster than embryos asphyxiate, we hypothesized that embryos decide to hatch sooner and hatch faster in response to mechanosensory cues. We video-recorded individual embryos hatching in response to each cue type, then compared the incidence and timing of a series of events and behaviors from cue onset to complete hatching across ages and stimuli. Latency from cue to hatching decreased developmentally in both contexts and was shorter with mechanosensory cues, but the elements contributing to those changes differed. Hypoxia assessment involved position changes, which decreased developmentally along with assessment time. Mechanosensory cue assessment occurred more rapidly, without movement, and decreased with age. The first stages of hatching, membrane rupture and head emergence, were surprisingly age independent but faster with mechanosensory cues, congruent with greater effort under more immediate risk. In contrast, body emergence and compression showed ontogenetic improvement consistent with morphological constraints but no cue effect. Both appropriate timing and effective performance of hatching are necessary for continued development. Different stages of the process vary with development and environmental context, suggesting combinations of adaptive context- and stage-dependent behavior, cue-related constraints on information acquisition, and ontogenetic constraints on elements of performance.
Effects of different modes of exercise on skeletal muscle mass and function and IGF-1 signaling during early aging in mice
Authors: Li Bowen , Feng Lili , Wu Xiaonan , Cai Mengxin , Yu Jane Jie , Tian Zhenjun 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Skeletal muscle mass and function tend to decline with increasing age. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays a key role in promoting skeletal muscle growth. Exercise improves skeletal muscle mass and function via the activation of IGF-1 signaling. The aim of this study was to investigate whether different types of exercise can promote muscle hypertrophy, exercise and metabolic capacities, and activate IGF-1 signaling during early aging in mice. We randomly assigned 12 month old male C57/BL6 mice into five groups: control, aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, whole-body vibration and electrical stimulation group. Gastrocnemius muscle mass, myofiber size, levels of IGF-1 signaling, oxidative stress, protein synthesis and degradation, and apoptosis were detected. C2C12 cells were used to explore the mechanism by which exercise exerts its effects. We confirmed that the four modes of exercise increased skeletal muscle mass, exercise capacity, indicators of metabolism and protein synthesis, and inhibited oxidative stress and apoptosis via activation of the IGF-1 pathway. The most effective intervention was resistance exercise. Whole-body vibration promoted muscle hypertrophy better than aerobic exercise. Furthermore, in the in vitro experiment, the importance of IGF-1/IGF-1R–PI3K/Akt signaling for maintaining skeletal muscle mass was confirmed. Aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, whole-body vibration and electrical stimulation increased skeletal muscle mass, exercise capacity, protein synthesis and metabolic enzyme activity, and inhibited protein degradation and apoptosis in mice undergoing early aging via activation of IGF-1 signaling. Of these, whole-body vibration has been shown to be significantly effective and is similar to conventional exercise in promoting muscle hypertrophy.
Neuromuscular Training following Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction – Pain, Function, Strength, Power & Quality of Life Perspective: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Khalid Kehkshan , Anwar Naveed , Saqulain Ghulam , Afzal Muhammad Faheem 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of neuromuscular physical Therapy as compared to strength training following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in terms of pain, function, quality of life, strength and power of participants.
Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted at Kanaan Physiotherapy & Spine Clinic, Lahore, Pakistan from July 2020 to December 2020. Seventy-six patients were selected by non-probability convenience sampling technique and randomly divided into either neuromuscular training or strength training group. Sample included 20-40 years aged adults with unilateral anterior cruciate ligament injury who had undergone surgical reconstruction of ACL two months ago using hamstring graft. Patients were assessed using the Cincinnati Knee Score for function, Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) for pain, SF-36 for quality of life, and Single Leg Hop, Triple Hop, Crossover Hop and 6-meter Hop test for power and strength. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version-21. A t-test was used to assess difference between groups. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Results revealed that neuromuscular training is statistically significant in reducing pain (p<0.001) and improving function (p<0.001), power & strength (p<0.001) and quality of life (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Study concludes that compared to strength training, neuromuscular training was significantly more effective in reducing pain; improving function, quality of life, strength and power.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5730
How to cite this:Khalid K, Anwar N, Saqulain G, Afzal MF. Neuromuscular Training following Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction – Pain, Function, Strength, Power & Quality of Life Perspective: A Randomized Control Trial. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5730
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Heirloom or Antique? Import or Imitation? Objects with Fictive “Biographies” in Early Iron Age Knossos
Authors: Antoniadis Vyron 
Published: October 2022

During the Early Iron Age, Knossos was one of the most important cities of the Aegean. In addition to objects from elsewhere in the Aegean, a wide range of Cypriot, Phoenician and North Syrian imports has been discovered in the Early Iron Age Knossian cemeteries. In certain cases, these grave goods predate their funerary context by a century. This paper examines the stylistic and contextual dating of these imports, in an attempt to associate, from a contextual point of view, these items with the funerary practices of the Knossians. Grave goods deposited in the same cemeteriesalso included Early Iron Age local imitations of Late Bronze Age Near Eastern imports. It is suggested that members of the Early Iron Age Knossian elite treated certain contemporary objects, which belonged stylistically either to the Late Bronze Age Cypriot, Phoenician or North Syrian traditions, on the one hand, or to the local Minoan tradition, on the other hand, as if they were antiques and/or heirlooms. In this way, that is, by appropriating the ancestral past of the community, the elite could establish and maintain their authority. For this reason, “fake” keimelia and heirlooms had to acquire new complex “biographies”.
Major Events in the Recent Past in Assembly Speeches and the Authenticity of [Andocides] On the Peace
Authors: Harris Edward 
Published: October 2022

This paper begins by demonstrating that speakers in the Assembly did not misrepresent major events in recent history. An examination of Demosthenes’ speeches to the Assembly shows that his statements about recent events are accurate but are usually brief. This is true for speeches to the Assembly found in Thucydides and Xennophon. The main part of the essay shows that the speech On the Peace attributed to Andocides makes major mistakes about recent events (such as the walls and fleet of Athens, peace between the Boeotians and the Spartans, Athenian control over Euboea, peace with Persia, etc.). The speech also does not conform to the rhetorical conventions of the Assembly (naming one’s ancestors, giving lengthy accounts of past events), contains statements about presbeis autokratores which are inconsistent with the evidence for this institution in Classical Greece and uses the term spondai in a way unparalleled in classical sources. All this evidence shows that the speech is not a genuine work of Andocides but a forgery composed in the Hellenistic or Roman period.