bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative study on riboflavin responsive multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency due to variants in FLAD1 and ETFDH gene
Authors: Yan Chuanzhu , Wen Bing , Tang Runqi , Tang Shuyao , Sun Yuan , Xu Jingwen , Zhao Dandan , Wang Tan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Lipid storage myopathy (LSM) is a heterogeneous group of lipid metabolism disorders predominantly affecting skeletal muscle by triglyceride accumulation in muscle fibers. Riboflavin therapy has been shown to ameliorate symptoms in some LSM patients who are essentially concerned with multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency (MADD). It is proved that riboflavin responsive LSM caused by MADD is mainly due to ETFDH gene variant (ETFDH-RRMADD). We described here a case with riboflavin responsive LSM and MADD resulting from FLAD1 gene variants (c.1588C > T p.R530C and c.1589G > C p.R530P, FLAD1-RRMADD). And we compared our patient together with 9 FLAD1-RRMADD cases from literature to 106 ETFDH-RRMADD cases in our neuromuscular center on clinical history, laboratory investigations and pathological features. Furthermore, the transcriptomics study on FLAD1-RRMADD and ETFDH-RRMADD were carried out. On muscle pathology, both FLAD1-RRMADD and ETFDH-RRMADD were proved with lipid storage myopathy in which atypical ragged red fibers were more frequent in ETFDH-RRMADD, while fibers with faint COX staining were more common in FLAD1-RRMADD. Molecular study revealed that the expression of GDF15 gene in muscle and GDF15 protein in both serum and muscle was significantly increased in FLAD1-RRMADD and ETFDH-RRMADD groups. Our data revealed that FLAD1-RRMADD (p.R530) has similar clinical, biochemical, and fatty acid metabolism changes to ETFDH-RRMADD except for muscle pathological features.
The association between stressful life events and mental health among Cypriot university students: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational study
Authors: Sokratous Sokratis , Merkouris Anastasios , Nicos Middleton , Alexandrou George , Rafailia Zavrou , Meropi Mpouzika , Karanikola Maria 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground Previous research indicates a causal link between stressful life experiences and mental health status. However, little is currently known about the impact of the frequency and seriousness of recent stressful life events on clinical mental discomfort among college students. The aim of this study was to explore the mental health status of undergraduate university students in Cyprus, particularly the association between the severity and number of stressful life events and their mental health status. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive correlational study was conducted to evaluate mental health among undergraduate students. The General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) scale was applied to assess the psychological symptoms of the students and the Life Events Scale for Students (LESS) instrument stressful life events. Results After adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics with logistic regression analysis, it was confirmed that the variable that remained before and after the comparison of stressful life events is gender, with females being 1.6 times more likely to report clinical mental distress symptoms (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98–2.46). An association exists between clinical mental distress symptoms (GHQ-28 ≥ 24) and stressful life events, which are indicative of the severity of life stressors in a student’s life, and clinically significant mental distress symptoms (x2 = 56.64, df = 1, p < .001), where an association was observed between high scores on the LESS. However, a statistically significant association was observed between gender and mental distress symptoms. Specifically, females had a higher level of mental distress than did males [n = 595 (56.6%) vs.n = 213 (47.4%), x2 = 10.65, OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.15–1.80,p = .001]. Conclusion Individual characteristics, stress, negative life events and psychological distress are all interconnected. University students are a population that is at risk of mental disorders owing to the exceptionally high frequency of mental health issues in this group. The findings emphasise the necessity of widespread early interventions to shield university students against the onset of severe mental illness.
Choosing Between Human and Algorithmic Advisors: The Role of Responsibility Sharing
Authors: Gazit Lior , Arazy Ofer , Hertz Uri 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Algorithms are increasingly employed to provide accurate advice across domains, yet in many cases people tend to prefer human advisors, a phenomenon termed algorithm aversion. To date, studies have focused mainly on the effects of advisor’s perceived competence, ability to give accurate advice, on people’s willingness to accept advice from human and algorithmic advisors and to arbitrate between them. Building on studies showing differences in responsibility attribution between human and algorithmic advisors, we hypothesize that the ability to psychologically offload responsibility for the decision’s potential consequences on the advisor is an important factor affecting advice takers’ choice between human and algorithmic advisors. In an experiment in medical and financial domains (N = 806), participants were asked to rate advisors’ perceived responsibility and choose between a human and algorithmic advisor. Our results show that human advisors were perceived as more responsible than algorithmic advisors and that the perception of the advisor’s responsibility affected the advice takers’ choice of advisor. Furthermore, we found that an experimental manipulation that impeded advice takers’ ability to offload responsibility affected the extent to which human, but not algorithmic, advisors were perceived as responsible. Together, our findings highlight the role of responsibility sharing in shaping algorithm aversion.
Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders Among in-school Adolescents in Urban and Rural Areas of Anambra State-a Comparative Study
Authors: Mbanuzuru Ahoma Victor , Anyaoku Chinekwu S. , Ojimba Anastacia Okwudili , Mbanuzuru Mary Chinyere , Ezenyeaku Amara Chijioke , Obi Darlington Chukwudinma , Okafor Christiana Nkiru , Okonkwo Uchenna Prosper 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have reported that anxiety disorder manifestations differ in diverse settings.
Objective: To determine and compare the prevalence of anxiety disorders among in-school adolescents in urban and rural areas of Anambra State.
Methods: A total of 1187 in-school adolescents were recruited using a multi-stage sampling technique. The study instrument was an interviewer-administered pretested questionnaire adopted from General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). Data were analyzed with the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.
Result: One hundred and twenty of the participants out of the 1187 (10.1%) were found to be with anxiety disorders. The prevalence of anxiety revealed that urban participants had a higher prevalence compared to their rural counterparts (11% vs 8.8%), while females had a higher prevalence compared to the males in the ratio of 3:2 (or 12% vs 8%). The prevalence of anxiety disorders among females was higher than that of males even when compared based on a rural and urban settings. When all other variables are held constant, urban participants were found to have a 50% higher chance of being identified with anxiety disorders compared to their rural participants (OR=1.500, C.I.:1.002-2.246, p=0.049).
Conclusion: Anxiety disorder was found in 10% of the participants. The females have a higher propensity to exhibit anxiety disorder than the males. Anxiety status affects how adolescents view their general health.
High Risk for Attention-Deficit Hyperactive Disorder in Pediatric inpatients with Strabismus in Tianjin, China: Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Xue Caihong , Sun Ling , Chen Liping , Ran Min , Guo Yatu , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background The hospital-based cross-sectional study aimed to explore the high risk for Attention-Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) in Pediatric inpatients with Strabismus.
Methods Using data from the Tianjin Eye Hospital, we performed a study comparing the incidence, risk factors, and severity of ADHD in children with and without strabismus by the SNAP-IV tool.
Results A total of 401 patients with strabismus (exotropia:313; esotropia:42; vertical deviation:46) that ranged from 4 to 24 yrs and 200 healthy controls. SNAP screening detected that incidence of ADHD with strabismus was higher than controls (P=0.005).'' Inattentiveness '', as one subitem of SNAP, showed higher score in strabismic patients than control groups (P=0.027) and significantly associated with age (r=-0.126, P=0.011) and gender (r=-0.129, P=0.010). ADHD with exotropia was higher than other strabismus types(P=0.019), especially in intermittent exotropia patients (P=0.025). Additionally, the incidence of ADHD was significantly greater in male (HR = 0.539; 95% CI 0.331 - 0.331; P = 0.013) and left eye corrected visual acuity (the most dominant eyes) (HR = 0.097; 95% CI 0.012 - 0.775; P = 0.028) for strabismus patients. Subitems analysis of SNAP, except for inattentiveness, were only influenced by gender in strabismus group. Concomitant strabismic patients were more likely presented with oppositional defiant (P=0.009).
Conclusions Patients with strabismus, especially in those with exotropia, had a high possibility of ADHD, which were closely linked to gender and the dominant eye‘s visual acuity, and might have an increased risk for ADHD .
Developmental regression as a presenting feature of severe nutritional rickets
Authors: Pieridou Chariklia , Uday Suma 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Rickets is a disorder of defective mineralisation of the growth plate. Vitamin D deficiency remains the leading cause of nutritional rickets worldwide despite developed countries having supplementation policies in place.
Case presentation: We present the case of a 3.5-year-old breastfed boy who presented with dental abscess when a history of developmental regression was noted. Clinical assessment revealed hypotonia, poor growth and stunting. Biochemistry identified hypocalcaemia (1.63mmol/L, [normal range (NR) 2.2-2.7mmol/L]), severe vitamin D deficiency (25hydroxyvitamin D 5.3nmol/L, [NR>50nmol/L]) with secondary hyperparathyroidism (Parathormone 158pmol/L, [NR 1.6-7.5pmol/L]) and rickets on radiographs. Growth failure screening suggested hypopituitarism with central hypothyroidism and low IGF1 at baseline, however, dynamic tests confirmed normal axis. Management included nasogastric nutritional rehabilitation, cholecalciferol and calcium supplementation and physiotherapy. A good biochemical response in all parameters was observed within weeks and reversal of developmental regression by 3 months from treatment.
Conclusion: Developmental regression as a presentation of nutritional rickets is rare and requires a high index of suspicion. Nutritional rehabilitation and appropriate supplementation promptly restores motor milestones.
Nitrous Oxide Inhalation and Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Thoracoscopic Lobectomy Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yuan Yuchen , Zhang Le , Zhang Yuelun , Shen Le , Huang Yuguang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Chronic postsurgical pain is a significant detriment to postsurgical recovery. Previous studies have shown that nitrous oxide may produce long-term analgesia and may benefit the prevention of chronic postsurgical pain in Asian patients. We tested the hypothesis that nitrous oxide is a protective factor against chronic pain after thoracoscopic lobectomy.
Methods: Two groups of patients with and without nitrous oxide inhalation during video-assisted thoracic surgery in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were recruited. Perioperative information was documented, and postsurgical pain was followed up by telephone. The primary outcome was the presence of chronic postsurgical pain at 6 months postoperatively. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated using a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for relevant confounding factors.
Results: A total of 833 patients were eligible, among whom 33.6% were male and 66.4% were female, with an average age of 56.3 ±11.1 years. A total of 387 (46.5%) patients reported incision-related pain at 6 months after surgery, and 160 (40.0%) out of 400 patients with nitrous oxide inhalation during surgery and 227 (52.4%) out of 433 patients without nitrous oxide inhalation during surgery developed chronic postsurgical pain. After adjusting for confounding factors, nitrous oxide inhalation during surgery was associated with lower odds of chronic postsurgical pain (OR=0.654; 95% CI, 0.480–0.890, P=0.007).
Conclusions: Nitrous oxide inhalation during surgery was associated with lower odds of CPSP in VATS patients, and nitrous oxide may benefit the management of chronic pain related to thoracoscopic surgery.
Trial registration: This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov on January 1, 2018, with registration number of NCT03363672.
Helminth infections and associated risk factors among adults in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Authors: Sayasone Somphou , Phonekeo Sengaloun , Vonglokham Manithong , Kounnavong Sengchanh , Siengsounthone Latsamy , Homsana Anousin , Gummin Sascha , Vounatsou Penelope , Nittiyanant Prawat , Worawichawong Suchin , Aekplakorn Wichai , Odermatt Peter 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Helminthiases are highly endemic in Southeast Asia including the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). This study aimed to assess the current helminth infections prevalence among adults across Lao PDR and the associated risk factors.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 165 villages across 17 provinces and the Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to select the adult study participants (≥ 18 years). Data collection followed the World Health Organization’s stepwise approach, which includes (i) the interview of the study participants, (ii) the physical assessments, and (iii) the stool sample collection. Analysis included the description of socio-demographic characteristics and infection status of helminth infections. Logistic regressions were applied to test the association between helminth infections and individual risk factors. A P-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
From 2,800 enrolled study participants, 57.8% were female. Average age was 45.4 years. Fecal analysis detected Opisthorchis viverrini in 18.8%, hookworm in 21.6% Strongyloides in 4.8%, Ascaris lumbricoides in 2.3%, Trichuris trichiura in 1.5% of and Taenia sp. in 3.3% of study participants. O. viverrini was of high prevalence in the southern (28.8%) and central (21.3%), while hookworm (26.3%), A. lumbricoides (7.3%), T. trichiura (3.1%), and Taenia spp. (4.2%) were prevalent in the northern provinces. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that males were more likely to be infected with hookworm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–1.4). The Lao-Tai ethnic group had a 5.2-times (95% CI: 4.6–5.8) higher chance of having O. viverrini infections than the minorities. Possession of the toilet facility at home prevented helminth infections, e.g., O. viverrini (aOR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3–0.5), hookworm (aOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.5–0.7), S. stercoralis (aOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.5–0.7), A. lumbricoides (aOR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.8), T. trichiura (aOR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.8), and Taenia spp. (aOR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.4–0.7).
Conclusions
Our study provides the first nationwide assessment of intestinal helminth infection among adults in Lao PDR. It provides critical information for guidance to the national helminth control program in Lao PDR.
Impact of Organic Compost Prepared From Different Plant-Based Residues on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth Performance of Vigna Radiata (L.) Wilczek
Authors: Nair Haritha Thulaseedharan , Nath Gokul R , Perumal Siddhuraju 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The investigation was aimed to study the physio-chemical characteristics and evaluation of the quality of three different organic composts (Plant compost, Coir pith compost and Vermi compost) made by local and standard preparations. All the organic composts were prepared from different feedstocks/raw materials. All the physiochemical parameters and mineral analysis of the compost samples were done using standard methodologies. An early seedling growth performance study was also carried out using Vigna radiata seeds in respective compost samples to find out the maturity and quality of the composts as a growth substrate and for wider application in agriculture. All the organic composts had variations in their physiochemical characters and growth performance of seedlings in the treatments. Except for standard plant compost, where no germination was seen, all the other composts exhibited germination. No higher levels of heavy metals were identified in any of the samples. The outputs of the present study could be due to elevated pH and electrical conductivity of the compost, and also maybe of the allelopathic potential of the compost since it is plant-based compost. Therefore, before advocating any organic compost into fields, physiochemical characteristics and quality of the composts should be ensured so that it won’t affect the soil quality undesirably and also the plant nutrition.
Single Star SCIDAR: Real-time Cn2 profiling
Authors: Errazzouki Youssef , Habib Abdelfattah , Jabiri Abdelhadi , Sabil Mohamed , Benkhaldoun Zouhair , Azhari Youssef El , Chafi Jamal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Atmospheric optical parameters play a significant role in high angular resolution and adaptive optics. The single star SCIDAR (hereafter SSS) is one of the methods by which we obtain the vertical profile of these parameters such as the refractive index structural constant Cn2. This technique is based on the study of the correlation functions of atmospheric speckles using the simulation annealing (SA) minimisation algorithm to find the optimum solution. But the main disadvantage of this algorithm is that it requires time to extract the parameters (6 minutes or so per profile) and to have enough data in a reasonable time. That's why we have tested another algorithm called Active Set (AS) which is faster and allows us to get the Cn2 profile in real-time with a good accuracy. Indeed, real-time processing of atmospheric parameters and the precision of recovery are of great interest for many adaptive optical systems. The temporal resolution of the SSS using the AS algorithm (SSS-AS) is around 3 seconds and the accuracy is about 95%. The precision of this algorithm allows us to extract the Cn2 profile from autocorrelation functions of atmospheric speckles. The simulation results, real data processing and comparison with instrumented balloon data support this real-time Cn2 retrieval mode.
Multigrid methods for time fractional conservation laws
Authors: Jiang Yingjun , Bai Huiran 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
For solving the time fractional conservation laws with discontinuous solutions such as shock waves, current feasible methods are the implicit finite-volume TVD schemes which employ the Lax-Friedrichs fluxes corrected by the limited slopes (see e.g. [12]). However, the schemes are hard to implement when the fractional order α is close to zero since in their implementation there are still no efficient methods to solve the strongly nonlinear spacial discrete systems at discrete times. We, aiming at increasing the implementation efficiency of the schemes above, develop two multigrid methods to solve these nonlinear spacial discrete systems. Numerical tests show that both multigrid methods have good convergence for relatively larger α, and the second one has an advantage that its convergence is affected slightly when the order α decreases to zero.
Semi-empirical Infrared Spectra Simulation of Pyrene-like Molecules Insight for Simple Analysis of Functionalization Graphene Quantum Dots
Authors: Setianto Setianto , Panatarani Camellia , Singh Deoraj , Joni I Made 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Infrared (IR) spectra usually assume the samples are 3D materials. Thus, it is difficult to identify functional groups in 2D materials at the edge and the center of the 2D surface. Therefore, it is crucial to introduce analysis methods that enable the investigation of 2D carbon materials such as graphene and its derivatives using IR spectra. This study calculates the infrared spectra of pyrene-like molecules as an insight for a simple analysis of Graphene Quantum Dots using a semi-empirical method. These IR spectra were correlated to the electronic transition and charge distribution associated with functional groups. The IR spectra analysis focuses on comparing the pristine and functionalized molecule at the wavenumber 1400 to 2000 cm-1, especially to identify the C = C stretching mode and 3000 to 3500 cm-1 for C-H and OH stretching. Moreover, the determination of excitation spectra was carried out to analyze the electronic transition of the molecules in the visible area (400 to 1000 nm) calculated using ZINDO method. The investigation of the pyrene-like GQD permitted the identification of the edge and center surface functionalization in 2D carbon materials.
A unit-based symbolic execution method for detecting memory corruption vulnerabilities in executable codes
Authors: Baradaran Sara , Heidari Mahdi , Kamali Ali , Mouzarani Maryam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Memory corruption is a serious class of software vulnerabilities, which requires careful attention to be detected and removed from applications before getting exploited and harming the system users. Symbolic execution is a well-known method for analyzing programs and detecting various vulnerabilities, e.g., memory corruption. Although this method is sound and complete in theory, it faces some challenges, such as path explosion, when applied to real-world complex programs. In this paper, we present a method for improving the efficiency of symbolic execution and detecting four classes of memory corruption vulnerabilities in executable codes, i.e., heap-based buffer overflow, stack-based buffer overflow, use-after-free, and double-free. We perform symbolic execution only on test units rather than the whole program to avoid path explosion. In our method, test units are considered parts of the program's code, which might contain vulnerable statements and are statically identified based on the specifications of memory corruption vulnerabilities. Then, each test unit is symbolically executed to calculate path and vulnerability constraints of each statement of the unit, which determine the conditions on unit input data for executing that statement or activating vulnerabilities in it, respectively. Solving these constraints gives us input values for the test unit, which execute the desired statements and reveal vulnerabilities in them. Finally, we use machine learning to approximate the correlation between system and unit input data. Thereby, we generate system inputs that enter the program, reach vulnerable instructions in the desired test unit, and reveal vulnerabilities in them. This method is implemented as a plugin for angr framework and evaluated using a group of benchmark programs. The experiments show its superiority over similar tools in accuracy and performance.