bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isotope effects observed in diluted D2O/H2O mixtures identify HOD-induced low-density structures in D2O but not H2O
Authors: Stefaniuk Anna , Gawinkowski Sylwester , Golec Barbara , Gorski Aleksander , Szutkowski Kosma , Waluk Jacek , Poznański Jarosław 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNormal and heavy water are solvents most commonly used to study the isotope effect. The isotope effect of a solvent significantly influences the behavior of a single molecule in a solution, especially when there are interactions between the solvent and the solute. The influence of the isotope effect becomes more significant in D2O/H2O since the hydrogen bond in H2O is slightly weaker than its counterpart (deuterium bond) in D2O. Herein, we characterize the isotope effect in a mixture of normal and heavy water on the solvation of a HOD molecule. We show that the HOD molecule affects the proximal solvent molecules, and these disturbances are much more significant in heavy water than in normal water. Moreover, in D2O, we observe the formation of low-density structures indicative of an ordering of the solvent around the HOD molecule. The qualitative differences between HOD interaction with D2O and H2O were consistently confirmed with Raman spectroscopy and NMR diffusometry.
Exciton-polarons in the presence of strongly correlated electronic states in a MoSe2/WSe2 moiré superlattice
Authors: Campbell Aidan J. , Brotons-Gisbert Mauro , Baek Hyeonjun , Vitale Valerio , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Lischner Johannes , Gerardot Brian D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTwo-dimensional moiré materials provide a highly tunable platform to investigate strongly correlated electronic states. Such emergent many-body phenomena can be optically probed in moiré systems created by stacking two layers of transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors: optically injected excitons can interact with itinerant carriers occupying narrow moiré bands to form exciton-polarons sensitive to strong correlations. Here, we investigate the behaviour of excitons dressed by a Fermi sea localised by the moiré superlattice of a molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2)/tungsten diselenide (WSe2) twisted hetero-bilayer. At a multitude of fractional fillings of the moiré lattice, we observe ordering of both electrons and holes into stable correlated electronic states. Magneto-optical measurements reveal extraordinary Zeeman splittings of the exciton-polarons due to exchange interactions in the correlated hole phases, with a maximum close to the correlated state at one hole per site. The temperature dependence of the Zeeman splitting reveals antiferromagnetic ordering of the correlated holes across a wide range of fractional fillings. Our results illustrate the nature of exciton-polarons in the presence of strongly correlated electronic states and reveal the rich potential of the MoSe2/WSe2 platform for investigations of Fermi–Hubbard and Bose–Hubbard physics.
Relay and higher-order thalamic nuclei show an intertwined functional association with cortical-networks
Authors: Kumar Vinod Jangir , Beckmann Christian F. , Scheffler Klaus , Grodd Wolfgang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlmost all functional processing in the cortex strongly depends on thalamic interactions. However, in terms of functional interactions with the cerebral cortex, the human thalamus nuclei still partly constitute a terra incognita. Hence, for a deeper understanding of thalamic-cortical cooperation, it is essential to know how the different thalamic nuclei are associated with cortical networks. The present work examines network-specific connectivity and task-related topical mapping of cortical areas with the thalamus. The study finds that the relay and higher-order thalamic nuclei show an intertwined functional association with different cortical networks. In addition, the study indicates that relay-specific thalamic nuclei are not only involved with relay-specific behavior but also in higher-order functions. The study enriches our understanding of interactions between large-scale cortical networks and the thalamus, which may interest a broader audience in neuroscience and clinical research.
Antigenic mapping reveals sites of vulnerability on α-HCoV spike protein
Authors: Xiang Jiangchao , Su Jie , Lan Qiaoshuai , Zhao Wenwen , Zhou Yu , Xu Youwei , Niu Jun , Xia Shuai , Qi Qilian , Sidhu Sachdev , Lu Lu , Miersch Shane , Yang Bei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the antigenic signatures of all human coronaviruses (HCoVs) Spike (S) proteins is imperative for pan-HCoV epitopes identification and broadly effective vaccine development. To depict the currently elusive antigenic signatures of α-HCoVs S proteins, we isolated a panel of antibodies against the HCoV-229E S protein and characterized their epitopes and neutralizing potential. We found that the N-terminal domain of HCoV-229E S protein is antigenically dominant wherein an antigenic supersite is present and appears conserved in HCoV-NL63, which holds potential to serve as a pan-α-HCoVs epitope. In the receptor binding domain, a neutralizing epitope is captured in the end distal to the receptor binding site, reminiscent of the locations of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD cryptic epitopes. We also identified a neutralizing antibody that recognizes the connector domain, thus representing the first S2-directed neutralizing antibody against α-HCoVs. The unraveled HCoVs S proteins antigenic similarities and variances among genera highlight the challenges faced by pan-HCoV vaccine design while supporting the feasibility of broadly effective vaccine development against a subset of HCoVs.
Hemocytes in Drosophila melanogaster embryos move via heterogeneous anomalous diffusion
Authors: Korabel Nickolay , Clemente Giuliana D. , Han Daniel , Feldman Felix , Millard Tom H. , Waigh Thomas Andrew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDrosophila melanogaster hemocytes are highly motile cells that are crucial for successful embryogenesis and have important roles in the organism’s immunological response. Here we measure the motion of hemocytes using selective plane illumination microscopy. Every hemocyte cell in one half of an embryo is tracked during embryogenesis and analysed using a deep learning neural network. We show that the anomalous transport of the cells is well described by fractional Brownian motion that is heterogeneous in both time and space. LanB1 and SCAR mutants disrupt the collective cellular motion and reduce its persistence due to the modification of laminin and actin-based motility respectively. The anomalous motility of the hemocytes oscillated in time with alternating periods of varying persistent motion. Touching hemocytes appear to experience synchronised contact inhibition of locomotion. A quantitative statistical framework is presented for hemocyte motility which provides biological insights.
“It Depends on the Situation”: How Hearing-Specific Contexts Affect the Way Adults With Hearing Loss Report Their Personal Attributes
Authors: Sarangi Lipika , Johnson Jani 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
This study examined how adults with untreated hearing loss respond to surveys about their self-efficacy, personality traits, and affective states when assessed “in general” and in listening-related contexts. We also explored the associations between hearing aid self-efficacy (HASE) and listening-related personality traits and affective states.

Method:

Sixty-two adults with self-reported hearing difficulties and no experience with hearing aids (HAs) participated in this descriptive study. Participants self-reported their self-efficacy, personality, and affective states in general and in listening-related contexts. Paired
t
tests and repeated measures with Holm–Šídák corrections were performed to explore differences between reports of patient traits in different contexts. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to explore significant associations.

Results:
On average, there were no significant differences between general and listening-related self-efficacy or personality traits. However, our participants indicated significantly more negative affective states in listening-related situations compared to in general. There was a small positive association between HASE and reported affective states in “General” and “Listening at Home” contexts.

Conclusions:
This study confirms that context-specific measures are not required to accurately assess self-efficacy and personality traits in the initial stages of the hearing health journey. However, reported affective states were listening dependent for this sample. Although reported affective states were related to HASE, context-dependent measures did not provide additional insight into participants' self-efficacy for successful HA use. This suggests that rehabilitation protocols designed to promote HASE and positive affect in general and listening-related situations could facilitate HA success.
Developing Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems in Languages Other Than English: A Scoping Review
Authors: Amery Rebecca , Thirumanickam Abirami , Barker Ruth , Lowell Anne , Theodoros Deborah , Raghavendra Parimala 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:Access to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems in languages other than English and multilingual AAC systems remains limited for many people with complex communication needs, despite a growing interest in this field, and an acknowledged need for culturally responsive AAC practice.Purpose:The purpose of this scoping review was to identify published research that has reported on the development of components or whole AAC systems in languages other than English, and the linguistic and cultural factors that influenced research methods and AAC system development.Method:Nine databases were systematically searched for published research that presented development of components or whole AAC systems in languages other than English. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to assess the quality of studies. Charted data from studies included journal and publication date, research team, language of AAC system, aims of the study, study methodologies, study participants, and type of AAC systems developed. An analytical framework was developed to identify the cultural and linguistic factors that influenced research methods and or AAC system outcomes.Results:A total of 22 studies were included (13 qualitative, one quantitative nonrandomized, six quantitative descriptive, and two mixed-methods studies). Overall quality of studies was high. Some qualitative studies were of lower quality due to limited analysis or interpretation of results. Linguistic factors were extensively reported in the existing literature, whereas cultural factors were rarely explicitly reported.Conclusion:Factors contributing to lack of reporting of cultural considerations are posited with suggestions for future research.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21482607
V4142 Sgr: Double periodic variable with an accretor surrounded by the accretion disk’s atmosphere
Authors: Rosales J. A. , Mennickent R. E. , Djurašević G. , Araya I. , Curé M. , Schleicher D. R. G. , Petrović J. 
Published: November 2022

Context.A detailed study of the close interacting binary V4142 Sgr, based on photometric and spectroscopic analyses, indicates that this system belongs to the enigmatic class of Algol-like variables exhibiting a long photometric cycle of an unknown nature.Aims.By performing photometric data-mining and spectroscopic observations covering the orbital cycle, we obtained the orbital parameters and the stellar properties of the binary system, along with the physical properties of the accretion disk located around the hot star. In addition, we gained insights into the evolutive path of the system.Methods.We modeled the light curve through an inverse method, using a theoretical light curve of the binary system that considers the light curve contribution of both stars and the accretion disk of the hot star to obtain the fundamental parameters. To constrain the main stellar parameters, the mass ratio was fixed in addition to the donor temperature, using the obtained values from our spectroscopic analysis, which includes deblending methods to isolate the spectral lines of the stellar components. The system parameters were compared with a grid of binary star evolutive models in order to gain insights into the evolutionary history of the system.Results.The orbital period and the long cycle were re-calculated, with the following result: 30d​​.633 ± 0d​​.002 and 1201 ± 14 days. The spectral analysis reveals Hαdouble emission with a persistentV ≤ Rasymmetry, which is considered evidence of a possible wind emerging from the hotspot region. In addition, a cold and evolved donor star ofMd = 1.11 ± 0.2 M⊙,Td = 4500 ± 125 K and aRd = 19.4 ± 0.2 R⊙as well as a rejuvenated B-dwarf companion ofMg = 3.86 ± 0.3 M⊙,Tg = 14 380 ± 700 K, andRg = 6.35 ± 0.2 R⊙were found. The gainer is surrounded by a concave and geometrically thick disk, creating its own atmosphere around the main component of a radial extension, ℛd= 22.8 ± 0.3R⊙, contributing ∼1.4 percent of the total luminosity of the system at theV-band at orbital phase 0.25. The disk is characterized by a hot-spot roughly placed where the stream hits the disk and an additional bright-spot separated 102.​​° 5 ± 0.​​° 04 degrees along the disk edge rim in the direction of the orbital motion. The system is seen under an inclination of 81.​​° 5 ± 0.​​° 3 and at a distance ofdGaia = 1140 ± 35 pc. Doppler maps of the emission lines reveal sites of enhanced line emission in the second and third velocity quadrants. The former would correspond to a hotspot and the latter to a bright spot detected by the light curve analysis. We find that the system comes from an initially shorter orbital period binary that inverted its mass ratio due to mass exchange. A plausible model scenario indicates that, at present, the K-type giant should have been depleted of hydrogen in its core, while the companion would have gained about 2M⊙through a process lasting about 2 Myr.
Preparation of a Real Model of Nasal Cavities from Computed Tomography for Numerical Simulation
Authors: Trnka Filip , Schmirlerová Hana , Májovský Martin , Netuka David , Schmirler Michal 
Published: November 2022

With improves in computing hardware and CFD methods, it is possible to work with more complex geometries. The aim of this study is to describe the preparation and creation of a model from CT scans for a numerical study of air flow into the nasal cavities.
Research background: The influence of pituitary tumor surgery on the change of geometric proportions of the nasal cavity is investigated in cooperation with the Neurosurgical Department.
Purpose of the article: In pituitary tumor surgery, the nasal cavity is used as an access route to the Sella turcica where the pituitary gland is located. Geometric changes occur during surgery. These changes in the geometry of the nasal cavities affect the air flow into the nasal cavities and the sense of the smell of the operated patients.
Methods: Based on CT scans of one patient, a procedure was created for creation of models of nasal cavities before and after surgery of pituitary tumor. The open-source software 3D Slicer was used for processing CT scans. Furthermore, the model before and after surgery was modified in CAD program Autodesk Inventor and program Ansys Space Claim. Meshing and subsequent solution of the finite volume method was solved in program Ansys Fluent 2021 R1.
Findings & Value added: The models were created considering the anatomical structure of the cavities and were aligned into corresponding coordinate systems. Despite of the efforts to align the planes, inaccuracies occur between the planes. However, the results are comparable.
The Benefits and Drawbacks of Staging Pelvic Pouches
Authors: Addison Poppy , Keshinro Ajaratu O. , Schwartzberg David M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSince the mid-20th century, physicians have searched for way to improve the lives of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Early attempts of curative resection left the patients with a permanent stoma with only primitive stoma appliances available. Gradually, stoma care improved and operations were devised to give the patient bowel continuity without the need for a permanent ostomy. As these operations were evolving, benefits and drawbacks related to fertility, ease of small bowel reach to the pelvis, and postoperative pelvic sepsis were observed. In this article, we will elucidate the various ways pelvic pouches are used to treat UC and the rationale for the timing of surgery as well as the evolution of stoma care.
Impact of smart locker use on customer satisfaction of online shoppers in Vietnam
Authors: Quan Nguyen Hong , Binh Nguyen Thi , Ly Bui Thi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn recent years, smart lockers have been increasingly utilised in the last-mile delivery stage of e-commerce. Although this technological advance has received significant scientific attention, especially in developed countries, little is known about the general behaviour of Smart Locker users. This study aimed to explore the impact of smart locker use on customer satisfaction with online shopping experience. We used structural equation modelling to analyse data collected from 442 smart locker users in Vietnam. The results revealed that convenience, privacy and security, and reliability attributes significantly impacted the satisfaction of smart locker users through the mediators of perceived value and transaction costs. These findings are expected to reinforce the utilised theories and enrich theoretical research on self-service technologies in last-mile delivery and their influence on consumer behaviour.
Development and initial results of 320 GHz interferometer system in Heliotron J
Authors: Zhang P. , Ohshima S. , Zhao H. , Deng C. , Kobayashi S. , Kado S. , Minami T. , Matoike R. , Miyashita A. , Iwata A. , Kondo Y. , Qiu D. , Wang C. , Luo M. , Konoshima S. , Inagaki S. , Okada H. , Mizuuchi T. , Nagasaki K. 
Published: November 2022

A new 320 GHz solid-state source interferometer is installed in the Heliotron J helical device to explore the physics of high-density plasmas (ne &gt; 2–3 × 1019 m−3, typically) realized with advanced fueling techniques. This interferometry system is of the Michelson type and is based on the heterodyne principle, with two independent solid-state sources that can deliver an output power of up to 50 mW. A high time resolution measurement of &lt;1 µs can be derived by tuning the frequency of one source in the frequency range of 312–324 GHz on the new system, which can realize the fluctuation measurement. We successfully measured the line-averaged electron density in high-density plasma experiments. The measured density agreed well with a microwave interferometer measurement using a different viewing chord, demonstrating that the new system can be used for routine diagnostics of electron density in Heliotron J.
Optimization design method of pressure pentamode materials
Authors: Luo Ziyin , Zhou Qizheng , Guo Peng 
Published: November 2022

Pentamode materials have broad application prospects in the control of underwater elastic waves. It is of great significance to design pentamode materials configuration with certain compressive resistance to promote the underwater application of pentamode materials. Based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm, a multi-objective optimization design method considering structural pressure resistance is proposed. The optimization objective consists of three parts: pentamode attribute matching degree, underwater compression ability test, and target density and target modulus matching degree. Aiming at the octagonal frame structure with a fan-shaped mass block in the inner corner, the multi-objective optimization design method is adopted to optimize the thickness of the frame wall t, the radius of the mass block R, and the limit lengths l2 and h2. After optimization, the pentamode attribute matching degree of the material is 0.998. When the safety factor is equal to 1.5, it can withstand the hydrostatic pressure of more than 200 m water depth. In the frequency domain of 3 K to 6 kHz, the average value of the total scattering cross-section of the material is 0.055, which is similar to the sound propagation in pure water. The research shows that the multi-objective optimization design method of pentamode materials can be used to design the configuration of pentamode materials considering both underwater pressure resistance and sound transmission performance. The research results are expected to provide a method reference for the configuration design of underwater pressure-resistant pentamode materials.
High-energy-density plasma in femtosecond-laser-irradiated nanowire-array targets for nuclear reactions
Authors: Kong Defeng , Zhang Guoqiang , Shou Yinren , Xu Shirui , Mei Zhusong , Cao Zhengxuan , Pan Zhuo , Wang Pengjie , Qi Guijun , Lou Yao , Ma Zhiguo , Lan Haoyang , Wang Wenzhao , Li Yunhui , Rubovic Peter , Veselsky Martin , Bonasera Aldo , Zhao Jiarui , Geng Yixing , Zhao Yanying , Fu Changbo , Luo Wen , Ma Yugang , Yan Xueqing , Ma Wenjun 
Published: November 2022

In this work, the high-energy-density plasmas (HEDP) evolved from joule-class-femtosecond-laser-irradiated nanowire-array (NWA) targets were numerically and experimentally studied. The results of particle-in-cell simulations indicate that ions accelerated in the sheath field around the surfaces of the nanowires are eventually confined in a plasma, contributing most to the high energy densities. The protons emitted from the front surfaces of the NWA targets provide rich information about the interactions that occur. We give the electron and ion energy densities for broad target parameter ranges. The ion energy densities from NWA targets were found to be an order of magnitude higher than those from planar targets, and the volume of the HEDP was several-fold greater. At optimal target parameters, 8% of the laser energy can be converted to confined protons, and this results in ion energy densities at the GJ/cm3 level. In the experiments, the measured energy of the emitted protons reached 4 MeV, and the changes in energy with the NWA’s parameters were found to fit the simulation results well. Experimental measurements of neutrons from 2H(d,n)3He fusion with a yield of (24 ± 18) × 106/J from deuterated polyethylene NWA targets also confirmed these results.