bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Financial Scarcity on Reinforcer Pathology: A Dyadic Developmental Examination
Authors: Crandall Amanda K. , Epstein Leonard H , Fillo Jennifer , Carfley Kevin , Fumerelle Eleanor , Temple Jennifer L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of experimentally manipulated scarcity on the reinforcing value of food (RRVfood) and delay discounting (DD), which together create reinforcer pathology (RP), among parents and offspring from two age groups and diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. A stratified sample of 106 families (53 parent/child aged 7–10 dyads & 53 parent/adolescent aged 15–17 dyads), from high- and low-income households, visited our laboratory for three separate appointments. Each appointment included the experimental manipulation of acute scarcity, operationalized as financial gains and losses, and computer-based DD and RRV tasks. The results showed that regardless of food insecurity or acute scarcity, children had greater RP (β = 1.63, p < .001) than adolescents or parents, who were similar to one another. DD was largely unaffected by acute scarcity in any group, but families with food insecurity had greater DD (β = -0.09, p = .002) compared with food secure families. Food insecure parents with children responded to financial losses with an increase in RRVfood (β = -0.03, p = 0.011), while food secure parents and food insecure parents of adolescents did not significantly change their responding based on the financial losses. This study replicates findings that financial losses increase the RRVfood among adults with food insecurity and extends this literature by suggesting that this is strongest for parents of children. This relationship was not present in the offspring. This study suggests that parents of children reporting food insecurity will be the most at risk for increased caloric consumption.
Negative Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S Antibody Response Following Pfizer SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in a Patient on Ocrelizumab
Authors: MD Mahsa Khayat-Khoei , Conway Sarah , MD Douglas A. Rubinson , MD Petr Jarolim , MD Maria K. Houtchens 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Several vaccines for novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) are now available. In Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients on anti-CD20 therapy, blunted antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and to some vaccines have been reported. However, there is no data on immune response to mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in patients on anti-CD20 therapies. We present a patient with MS on ocrelizumab, who received the Pfizer mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, and did not seroconvert 27 days after the second vaccine dose as measured by an FDA approved Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S assay.
Local immune responses to tuberculin skin challenge in Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated baboons: a pilot study of younger and older animals
Authors: Scordo Julia M , Piergallini Tucker J , Reuter Nicole , Headley Colwyn A , Hodara Vida L , Gonzalez Olga , Giavedoni Luis D , Papin James F , Turner Joanne 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Individuals over the age of 65 are highly susceptible to infectious diseases, which account for one-third of deaths in this age group. Vaccines are a primary tool to combat infection, yet they are less effective in the elderly population. While many groups have aimed to address this problem by studying vaccine-induced peripheral blood responses in the elderly, work from our lab and others demonstrate that immune responses to vaccination and infectious challenge may differ between tissue sites and the periphery. In this pilot study, we established an in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity model of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination and tuberculin skin test (TST) in two adult and two aged baboons. Vaccination generates BCG-specific immune cells that are recruited to the skin upon tuberculin challenge. We tested short term recall responses (8 weeks post-vaccination) and long term recall responses (25 weeks post-vaccination) by performing skin punch biopsies around the site of tuberculin injection. In short term recall responses, we found increased oxidation and decreased production of immune proteins in aged baboon skin at the site of TST challenge, in comparison to adult skin. Differences between adult and aged animals normalized in the long term response to tuberculin. In vitro, aged peripheral blood mononuclear cells had increased migration and functional responses to antigen-specific stimulation, suggesting that age-related changes in the tissue in vivo impairs aged immune recall responses to antigenic challenge. These findings highlight the impact of age-associated changes in the local tissue environment in memory recall responses, which may be more broadly applied to the study of other tissues. Moreover, these findings should be considered in future studies aimed at understanding and improving aging immune responses to vaccination and tissue challenge.
Urban-rural differences in catastrophic health expenditure among households with chronic non-communicable disease patients: evidence from China Family Panel Studies
Authors: Fu Xian-zhi , Sun Qi-wei , Sun Chang-qing , Xu Fei , He Jun-jian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) challenges the Chinese health system reform. Little is known for the differences in catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) between urban and rural households with NCD patients. This study aims to measure the differences above and quantify the contribution of each variable in explaining the urban-rural differences.MethodsThe second and the fourth waves of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data, conducted in 2012 and 2016, were employed in this cross-sectional study. The techniques of Fairlie nonlinear decomposition and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition were employed to measure the contribution of each independent variable to the urban-rural differences.ResultsThe CHE incidence and intensity of households with NCD patients were significantly higher in rural areas than in urban areas. The explained disparity of CHE incidence increased from 3.15% in 2012 to 27.04% in 2016, and the corresponding values of CHE intensity rose from 21.30% in 2012 to 53.37% in 2016. The major contribution to the urban-rural differences in CHE was associated with household economic status, education level, health status and supplementary medical insurance (SMI).ConclusionsCompared with urban households with NCD patients, rural households with NCD patients have higher risk of incurring CHE and heavier economic burden of diseases. Policy interventions should give priority to decreasing the urban-rural disparity in observable characteristics mentioned above.
Application of innovative trend analysis on rainfall time series over Rajsamand district of Rajasthan state
Authors: Pastagia Jinal , Mehta Darshan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Rainfall is an important part of the hydrological cycle, as well as its variability, and is relevant to drought and floods. Long-term changes in hydrological processes are referred to as climate change for an area. Urbanization, population growth, and economic growth are all having negative effects on the environment. The study of trends in the long term is essential from climatic change and socioeconomic perspectives. Examining the temporal variations in rainfall is crucial because changes in rainfall patterns and distribution can have a significant impact on the amount of water available in a watershed. The objective of the study is to assess the long-term (1902–2021) temporal trends in seasonal (winter, pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon) and annual rainfall for the Rajsamand district of Rajasthan state using the innovative trend analysis (ITA) technique. Due to its ability to provide results in graphical form, the ITA approach is a very useful tool for detecting patterns in rainfall time series data. This technique is also used to detect trends as ‘low,’ ‘medium,’ and ‘high,’ which should be considered in future studies on floods ‘high’ and drought ‘low’, respectively. Based on the above study, it is observed that no trend is detected for the annual season, a positive trend is detected in the winter season and a negative trend is detected for pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons in some regimes respectively. The ITA of the S-W monsoon also specifies that in the low regime the nature of the trend is increasing and in the high regime nature of the trend is decreasing. This research will serve as a scientific foundation for assessing and mitigating the effect of climate change on the environment to reduce the risk of weather patterns.
Sequential biological and solar photocatalytic treatment system for greywater treatment
Authors: Priyanka Kumari , Remya Neelancherry , Behera Manaswini 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, sequencing batch reactor (SBR) using anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic process was coupled to a solar photocatalytic reactor (SPCR) for greywater treatment. The greywater effluent from SBR (operated at the optimal condition: 6.8 h hydraulic retention time (HRT), 0.7 Volumetric exchange ratio (VER) and 7.94 d solids retention time (SRT) with optimal corn cob adsorbent dosage (0.5 g/L)) was fed to the SPCR (operated at optimal conditions: pH – 3, H2O2 dosage – 1 g/L, catalyst dosage – 5 g/L). Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 92.8±0.5% and ∼100% were achieved in SBR and SBR-SPCR, respectively. Similarly, total organic carbon (TOC) removal of 91±0.9% and ∼100% were observed in SBR and SBR-SPCR, respectively. After SBR treatment, average total nitrogen (TN) removal of 84% was found and this TN removal increased to 93% after combined SBR-SPCR treatment. The maximum PO43−_P reduction of 80±1.5% % was achieved with SBR-adsorption system. In addition, a maximum of 87±0.9% of net PO43−_P removal was reached after SBR-SPCR treatment. 58.9±2.3% BP (benzophenone-3) removal was obtained in the SBR while the integration of SBR and SPCR treatment was resulted in 100% BP removal. An effective anionic surfactant (AS) removal rate (80.1±2.2%) was observed in the SBR phase, which further improved to 94.9±1% at the end of 4 h SPCR treatment.
Perceptions and Attitudes Toward an Interactive Voice Response Tool (Call for Life Uganda) Providing Adherence Support and Health Information to HIV-Positive Ugandans: Qualitative Study
Authors: Kajubi Phoebe , Parkes-Ratanshi Rosalind , Twimukye Adelline , Bwanika Naggirinya Agnes , Nabaggala Maria Sarah , Kiragga Agnes , Castelnuovo Barbara , King Rachel 
Published: July 2022

Background
The continuing decline in AIDS-related deaths in the African region is largely driven by the steady scale-up of antiretroviral therapy. However, there are challenges to retaining people living with HIV on treatment. Call for Life Uganda (CFLU) is an interactive voice response tool using simple analogue phones. CFLU supports patients with daily pill reminders, preappointment reminders, symptom reporting and management, and weekly health promotion tips. Mobile health tools are being increasingly used in resource-limited settings but are often adopted without rigorous evaluation.

Objective
This qualitative study conducted at 12 months after enrollment assessed patients’ experiences, perceptions, and attitudes regarding CLFU.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative substudy within an open-label randomized controlled trial titled “Improving outcomes in HIV patients using mobile phone based interactive software support.” Data were collected through 6 focus group discussions with participants sampled based on proportion of calls responded to—<25%, between 25% and 50%, and >50%—conducted at the Infectious Diseases Institute, Mulago, and the Kasangati Health Centre IV. NVivo (version 11; QSR International) was used in the management of the data and in the coding of the emerging themes. The data were then analyzed using content thematic analysis.

Results
There was consensus across all groups that they had more positive than negative experiences with the CFLU system. Participants who responded to >50% of the calls reported more frequent use of the specific elements of the CFLU tool and, consequently, experienced more benefits from the system than those who responded to calls less frequently. Irrespective of calls responded to, participants identified pill reminders as the most important aspect in improved quality of life, followed by health promotion tips. The most common challenge faced was difficulty with the secret personal identification number.

Conclusions
Findings showed participants’ appreciation, high willingness, and interest in the intervention, CFLU, that demonstrated great perceived potential to improve their access to health care; adherence to treatment; health awareness; and, consequently, quality of life.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02953080; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02953080
The Effects of Internet-Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Process Measures: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Han Areum , Kim Tae Hui 
Published: July 2022

Background
Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is based on a psychological flexibility model that encompasses 6 processes: acceptance, cognitive defusion, self-as-context, being present, values, and committed action.

Objective
This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to examine the effects of internet-based ACT (iACT) on process measures.

Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted using 4 databases. The quality of the included RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. A random-effects or fixed-effects model was used. Subgroup analyses for each outcome were conducted according to the type of control group, use of therapist guidance, delivery modes, and use of targeted participants, when applicable.

Results
A total of 34 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. This meta-analysis found that iACT had a medium effect on psychological flexibility and small effects on mindfulness, valued living, and cognitive defusion at the immediate posttest. In addition, iACT had a small effect on psychological flexibility at follow-up. The overall risk of bias across studies was unclear.

Conclusions
Relatively few studies have compared the effects of iACT with active control groups and measured the effects on mindfulness, valued living, and cognitive defusion. These findings support the processes of change in iACT, which mental health practitioners can use to support the use of iACT.
SIMULATION AND ITS COMPONENTS
Authors: BISHT RAHUL 
Published: July 2022

One of the most important steps in curriculum development is the introduction of simulation-based medical teaching and learning. Simulation is a generic term that refers to an artificial representation of a real-world process to achieve educational goals through experiential learning. Simulation based medical education is defined as any educational activity that utilizes simulation aides to replicate clinical scenarios. Although medical simulation is relatively new, simulation has been used for a long time in other high-risk professions such as aviation. Medical Simulation has been proven to reduce medical errors and the associated costs all while improving outcomes in patient care. While the use of simulation is mandated and regulated in aviation and many other high-performance industries, the methodology has yet to be required in healthcare [1].
El factor humano y su rol en la transición a Industria 5.0: una revisión sistemática y perspectivas futuras
Authors: Carro Suárez Jorge , Sarmiento Paredes Susana 
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: determinar las funciones y habilidades requeridas por el factor humano como parte de su nuevo rol en la transición de Industria 4.0 a Industria 5.0  Diseño Metodológico: se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura con base en un análisis bibliométrico en la base de datos Science Direct para examinar los hallazgos más relevantes de investigaciones que consideren al factor humano dentro de la transición de Industria 4.0 a Industria 5.0. Se complementó la revisión con el diseño de un marco de Teoría, Contexto, Características y Metodología (TCCM) para determinar las funciones y habilidades requeridas en el nuevo rol del ser humano durante dicha transición.  Resultados: a partir del diseño metodológico se observó que Industria 4.0 generó una nueva revolución industrial combinando técnicas avanzadas de manufactura con nuevas tecnologías digitales para incrementar la productividad, reducir la participación humana y por consecuencia, impulsar la competitividad. No obstante, también se identificó que estos nuevos procesos inteligentes todavía tienen limitaciones y que aún requieren de la supervisión del ser humano, de tal forma que estos dos elementos no pueden ser considerados independientes, sino que necesariamente deben complementarse entre sí.  Limitaciones: el alcance de la investigación se limitó a un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo.  Hallazgos: dentro de los hallazgos más relevantes se destacan las funciones y habilidades requeridas por el factor humano en esta nueva era digital, así como la importancia de que el sector industrial lo considere como un eje sustantivo dentro del proceso de innovación y de desarrollo sustentable.
Рrofessional burnout of naval personel and ways of its psychophysiological correction: a review
Authors: Soshkin P. A. , Zaytsev A. G. , Zabrodskiy D. S. 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE: define specificity of professional burnout with regard to the Navy specialists’ activity; formulate approaches to its psychophysiological correction.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Articles in database and information system have been analyzed: Scientific Electronic Library Elibrary.ru, RISC, CyberLeninka, Scopus, WoS based on research of professional burnout among the Navy specialists. Key words like psychophysiological correction, stress and professional burnout were used.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Synthesis of literature data allowed to determine that signs of professional burnout among the Navy specialists are mainly expressed in the destructive strategy of overcoming behavior, manifested in an effort to distance themselves from a difficult situation, to shift the responsibility of its solution to others. They tend to experience existential conflicts, don’t have effective ways to cope with stress. All these exacerbate the condition of professional burnout, promote impulsiveness and decrease emotional-volitional behavior control down to expression of psychopathic tendencies in interpersonal relations, borderline nervous and mental symptoms.CONCLUSION: Methods of psychical self-regulation will be more effective if specialists learn to practise them systematically in their position.
Psychological state of the fishing fleet employees during continued sea voyages: a review
Authors: Kubasov R. V. , Demin D. B. , Boyko I. M. , Khokhrina A. I. , Kubasova E. D. 
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION:The adaptive human characteristics are time bound, hence an abrupt change of environmental conditions is crucial in adaptation process, specifically relevant maritime medicine.OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:Based on literature data, to frame the issue of changes in psychological adaptive process among the fishing industry staff during long sea journeys and to justify the need of their constant medical supervision for early identification of possible health problems in the voyage period as well as during crew readaptation to the shore conditions.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The literature has been searched in the international electronic databases of Web of Science, Scopus, also in the domestic library system eLibrary. The sources with a full-text access to the e-library are used. Time depth of the analysed literature coverage is the last 20–25 years, yet more than half of the sources are less than 5–7 years. The key words in the search engine are maritime labour, adverse occupational factors of maritime activities, the health of fishing transport staff, psychological adaptation of the sailing vessel crew.RESULTS:Specificity of the adaptation problem in maritime medicine is primarily that seamen’s body should adjust to a significant number of adversities in a relatively short time. Time discrepancy between these processes leads to the emergence of disadaptation disorders which might evoke pathological lesion. Psychological status has a pronounced impact on human adaptation to working environment. Individuals with pronounced weakness of nervous processes often experience breakdowns in tense navigation conditions. The literary data analysis of seamen’s psycho-emotional state study in navigation conditions shows that even while short-term journey in the Arctic Basin seas most sailors experience mental tension of the central nervous system by the midterm. At long-term journey during a year-round Arctic navigation the phasal nature of psychological adaptation course is identified. In the first third of the journey the development of orienting response was observed due to the staff change and familiar social environment. By the middle of the journey there was a period of mental stabilization. By the end of the journey signs of psychological disadaptation were detected and intensified. Disadaptation changes include emotional instability, increased lability of the nervous system, particularly reflected in irritation, sleep disturbance, increased neuromuscular excitability, decline in mental and physical performance.CONCLUSION:Seamen require constant psychophysiological monitoring to identify adaptive changes in the journey period and during crew readaptation to the shore conditions. Within the system of medical support to the water transport staff, an integrated manner of adverse conditions in professional environment is required in order to create high-quality and safe working conditions.
Espaço-Quilombo: Notas sobre mostras e festivais de Cinema Negro no Nordeste Brasileiro.
Authors: Batista de Oliveira Laila Thaíse , Vieira Luciana Oliveira , Soares Naira Évine Pereira 
Published: July 2022

O artigo realiza um levantamento das mostras e festivais de cinema negro na região Nordeste e analisa os modos de organização dessas equipes como espaços de aquilombamentos, preservando locais de encontro e (re)existência do cinema negro, articulando essa discussão ao pensamento de Beatriz Nascimento sobre o conceito de quilombo como resistência cultural. Neste sentido, fazemos também uma breve reflexão histórica sobre a construção social do Nordeste, apresentando um estudo inicial sobre as estratégias de sobrevivência que esses eventos negros vêm desenvolvendo diante da ausência histórica de investimento público cultural na região. Nessa pesquisa inicial foi possível analisar dados relacionados a gênero e raça nas lideranças desses eventos, período de surgimento, modos de financiamento e estados onde estão localizados. Em pouco mais de 7 anos a região Nordeste já conta com 9 mostras e festivais de cinema negro, representando assim um importante cenário para este cinema no Brasil.
Festivais de documentário no século XXI
Authors: Muylaert Juliana , Salles Pires Bianca 
Published: July 2022

O segundo volume da obra Documentary Film Festivals: Changes, Challenges, Professional Perspectives (2020), editado por Aida Vallejo e Ezra Winton, faz parte da coleção Framing Film Festivals da editora Palgrave. A obra se divide em duas sessões, a primeira apresenta textos resultados de pesquisas sobre festivais de documentários e as mudanças recentes no circuito, já a segunda parte reúne um conjunto de entrevistas com agentes do campo do documentário.