bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
External Validation of Association of Baseline Circulating Tumor Cell Counts with Survival Outcomes in Men with Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Authors: Swami Umang , Sayegh Nicolas , Jo Yeonjung , Haaland Benjamin , McFarland Taylor Ryan , Nussenzveig Roberto H. , Goel Divyam , Sirohi Deepika , Hahn Andrew W. , Maughan Benjamin L. , Goldkorn Amir , Agarwal Neeraj 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Approximately 20% of men with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) progress within 1 year of treatment, and biomarkers to identify them up front are lacking. In a randomized phase III trial in men with mCSPC (SWOG S1216), higher baseline circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were prognostic of inferior outcomes. We aimed to validate these findings and interrogate corresponding tumor genomic profiles. Consecutively seen men with newly diagnosed mCSPC undergoing systemic therapy and baseline CTC enumeration by CellSearch assay were included. Gene alterations were determined by comprehensive genomic profiling of tumor tissue by Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments—certified lab. The relationship between categorized CTC counts and both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was assessed in the context of Cox proportional hazards models, both unadjusted and adjusted for age, Gleason score, PSA at androgen-deprivation therapy initiation, disease volume, de novo status, treatment intensification, and number of altered genes. Overall, 103 patients were included in the analysis. On multivariate analysis high CTCs (≥ 5 vs. 0) were associated with poorer PFS [HR, 4.52; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.84–11.11; P = 0.001) and OS (HR, 3.59; 95% CI, 0.95–13.57; P = 0.060). Patients with higher CTC counts had a greater number of altered genes and total number of alterations (all P &lt; 0.02). In this article, for the first time, we externally validate the association of higher CTC counts with inferior survival outcomes in men with mCSPC and show a distinct associated tumor genomic landscape. These findings may improve prognostication, patient counseling, and treatment selection in men with mCSPC.
A Small Molecule Reacts with the p53 Somatic Mutant Y220C to Rescue Wild-type Thermal Stability
Authors: Guiley Keelan Z. , Shokat Kevan M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The transcription factor and tumor suppressor protein p53 is the most frequently mutated and inactivated gene in cancer. Mutations in p53 result in deregulated cell proliferation and genomic instability, both hallmarks of cancer. There are currently no therapies available that directly target mutant p53 to rescue wild-type function. In this study, we identify covalent compsounds that selectively react with the p53 somatic mutant cysteine Y220C and restore wild-type thermal stability.

Significance:
The tumor suppressor p53 is the most mutated gene in cancer, and yet no therapeutics to date directly target the mutated protein to rescue wild-type function. In this study, we identify the first allele-specific compound that selectively reacts with the cysteine p53 Y220C to rescue wild-type thermal stability and gene activation.
See related commentary by Lane and Verma, p. 14.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1
Biocultural Transformations: Fermentation as Artistic Medium
Authors: Bobadilla Mariana Pérez , Serrano Rodrigo Guzman 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In art, fermentation can be understood metaphorically as a representation of transformation. However, as a biocultural phenomenon within a posthuman framework, it manifests a complex lattice of multispecies relationships, microbiopolitics, and metaphorical figurations that are adopted in works of art and biology as medium and content. In this article, the authors analyze artworks and projects that utilize fermentation by artists such as WhiteFeather Hunter, Amor Muñoz, Anna Dumitriu, and others. These works explore fermentation in the creation of biomaterials, its role in foods like cheese, and its status as a metaphorical figuration in hybrid mechanisms that give center stage to fermentation as a biocultural artifact embodying a nature-culture continuum in a microbial postanthropocentric framework.
Global Distributions of Tropospheric and Stratospheric Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes Resolved by the 9-km ECMWF Experiments
Authors: Wei Junhong , Zhang Fuqing , Richter Jadwiga H. , Alexander M. Joan , Sun Y. Qiang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Based on 20-day control forecasts by the 9-km Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for selected periods of summer and winter events, this study investigates global distributions of gravity wave momentum fluxes resolved by the highest-resolution-ever global operational numerical weather prediction model. Two supplementary datasets, including 18-km ECMWF IFS experiments and the 30-km ERA5, are included for comparison. In the stratosphere, there is a clear dominance of westward momentum fluxes over the winter extratropics with strong baroclinic instability, while eastward momentum fluxes are found in the summer tropics. However, meridional momentum fluxes, locally as important as the above zonal counterpart, show different behaviors of global distribution characteristics, with northward and southward momentum fluxes alternating with each other especially at lower altitudes. Both events illustrate conclusive evidence that stronger stratospheric fluxes are found in the ECMWF forecast with finer resolution, and that ERA5 datasets have the weakest signals in general, regardless of whether regridding is applied. In the troposphere, probability distributions of vertical motion perturbations are highly asymmetric with more strong positive signals especially over latitudes covering heavy rainfall, likely caused by convective forcing. With the aid of precipitation accumulation, a simple filtering method is proposed in an attempt to eliminate those tropospheric asymmetries by convective forcing, before calculating tropospheric wave-induced fluxes. Furthermore, this research demonstrates promising findings that the proposed filtering method could help in reducing the potential uncertainties with respect to estimating tropospheric wave-induced fluxes. Finally, absolute momentum flux distributions with proposed approaches are presented, for further assessment in the future.
A Climatology of Midlatitude Maritime Cloud Fraction and Radiative Effect Derived from the ARM ENA Ground-Based Observations
Authors: Dong Xiquan , Zheng Xiaojian , Xi Baike , Xie Shaocheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
More than four years of ground-based measurements taken at the ARM Eastern North Atlantic (ENA) site between July 2015 and September 2019 have been collected and processed in this study. Monthly and hourly means of clear-sky, all-sky, total cloud fraction (CFT), and single-layered low (CFL) and high (CFH) clouds, the impacts of all scene types on the surface radiation budget (SRB), and their cloud radiative effects (CREs) have been examined. The annual averages of CFT, CFL, and CFH are 0.785, 0.342, and 0.123, respectively. The annual averages of the SW (LW) CREs for all sky, total, low, and high clouds are −56.7 (37.7), −76.6 (48.5), −73.7 (51.4), and −26.8 (13.9) W m−2, respectively, resulting in the NET CREs of −19.0, −28.0, −22.2, and −12.9 W m−2. Comparing the cloud properties and CREs at both ARM ENA and Southern Great Plains (SGP) sites, we found that the clear-sky downwelling SW and LW fluxes at the two sites are similar to each other due to their similar atmospheric background. Compared to SGP, the lower all-sky SW and higher LW fluxes at ENA are caused by its higher CFT and all-sky precipitable water vapor (PWV). With different low cloud microphysical properties and cloud condensation nuclei at the two sites, much higher cloud optical depth at SGP plays an important role in determining its lower SW flux, while Tb and PWV are important for downwelling LW flux at the surface. A sensitivity study has shown that the all-sky SW CREs at SGP are more sensitive to CFT (−1.07 W m−2 %−1) than at ENA (−0.689 W m−2 %−1), with the same conclusion for all-sky LW CREs (0.735 W m−2 %−1 at SGP vs 0.318 W m−2 %−1 at ENA). The results over the two sites shed new light on the impacts of clouds on the midlatitude surface radiation budgets, over both ocean and land.
Antibiotic Initiation Timing and Mortality in Trauma Patients With Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Authors: O’Dell Jacob C. , Halimeh Bachar N. , Johnston James , McCoy C. Cameron , Winfield Robert D. , Guidry Christopher A. 
Published: October 2022

Background Early antibiotic initiation is considered a cornerstone in the management of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). However, recent data suggests that early antibiotic initiation may not be necessary in all cases. Additionally, the benefits of early antibiotic administration for infection have not been studied in a dedicated trauma population. This study’s aim was to evaluate the impact of antibiotic administration timing on in-hospital mortality in trauma patients with VAP. Methods This retrospective case-control study identified all trauma patients at a single level 1 academic trauma center from 2016 to 2020. Patients with a TQIP-defined VAP were included and stratified into 2 subgroups by in-hospital mortality. Time interval between airway culture and antibiotic initiation was gathered. Baseline measures of injury and illness severity were collected. Univariate analysis of the data was performed. Results Forty-five patients met inclusion criteria. Overall, 80% of patients survived admission (n = 36) and 20% of patients did not survive admission (n = 9). There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics or cultured organism between survivors and non-survivors. The median time interval between airway culture and antibiotic initiation was 2 hours (IQR 0-4.5) for survivors, and 0 hours (IQR 0-0) for non-survivors ( P = .07). Antibiotics were administered within 1 hour of airway culture for 33.3% of survivors, and 77.8% of non-survivors ( P = .02). Conclusions In a population of trauma patients with VAP, survivors had antibiotics initiated in more delayed fashion than non-survivors. These findings question the primacy of early antibiotic administration for suspected infection.
Setting the top 10 eating disorder research and translation priorities for Australia
Authors: Aouad Phillip , Hambleton Ashlea , Marks Peta , Maloney Danielle , Calvert Shannon , Caldwell Belinda , McLean Siân A , Shelton Beth , Cowan Katherine , Feneley John , Pepin Genevieve , Paxton Susan , Williams Michelle , Meddick Thy , Squire Sarah , Hickie Ian , Kay Lambkin Frances , Touyz Stephen , Maguire Sarah 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: People with eating disorders, as well as their caregivers, experience high symptom burden, reduced quality of life and increased risk of early mortality. A lack of resources, disjointed vision and limited uptake of the evidence have limited the translation and implementation of research into practice. Little is known about what stakeholders (people with a lived experience, caregivers, health care professionals, researchers and policymakers) see as the most important research priorities. This study aimed to identify Australia’s top 10 consensus-derived research and translation priorities for eating disorders. Methods: Participants ( n = 606) included people with a lived experience, carers, health care professionals (clinicians) and researchers working in eating disorders. The methodology aligned with the James Lind Alliance priority setting process, which involved oversight by a co-design advisory committee and utilised a national online interim priority setting survey and co-design workshops to identify the top 10 research and translation priorities. Results: The initial national consultations elicited 1210 issues from 480 individuals. From this, 606 participants shortlisted 59 plain language questions in order of personal priority. In total, 16 questions were consistently ranked as important. As a final step, 24 individuals (with equal representation from all 4 stakeholder groups) attended the final prioritisation workshop to co-establish the top 10 research and translation priorities. Conclusion: The findings highlight the need for people with a lived experience, carers, health professionals and researchers to work collaboratively to develop co-designed research and translation activities that address the key areas of early intervention, prevention, understanding the aetiology of eating disorders and effective treatment of people experiencing eating disorders.
Effect of ICRS Lesion Grade on Graft Survival After Medial Meniscal Allograft Transplantation: MRI-Based Objective Evaluation
Authors: Lee Seon-Jong , Bin Seong-Il , Kim Jong-Min , Lee Bum-Sik , Kim Seung-Min , Lee Hyo Yeol 
Published: October 2022

Background: Data are lacking regarding the survival rate after medial meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) alone. Furthermore, little information is available about prognostic factors for graft survival that affect the outcomes of medial MAT. Purpose: To investigate the prognostic factors and survival rate of allograft after medial MAT. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The records of 78 consecutive patients who underwent primary medial MAT between 1996 and 2018 were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to analyze the anatomic and clinical survival rates. Anatomic failure was defined as a tear covering >50% of the allograft or unstable peripheral rim. Clinical failure was considered Lysholm score <65 or need for additional surgery such as meniscal repair, revision MAT, realignment osteotomy, and meniscectomy for >50% of the allograft. Patient factors affecting anatomic and clinical failure were analyzed. Results: The mean follow-up period was 6.9 ± 5.3 years (range, 2-21 years). Anatomic failure was noted in 19 patients (24.4%), and none of these patients had a persistent poor Lysholm score of <65; of these, 2 patients who underwent meniscal repair also had clinical failure. Clinical failure was noted in 7 patients (9.0%); 4 patients had Lysholm score <65, 2 patients underwent meniscal repair, and 1 patient underwent realignment osteotomy. The estimated 10-year anatomic and clinical survival rates were 73.89% and 87.90%, respectively. Anatomic survival was significantly associated with only high-grade International Cartilage Regeneration & Joint Preservation (ICRS) lesion (ICRS grade 3 or 4) (hazard ratio, 3.171; 95% CI, 1.124-8.944; P = .029). However, the clinical survival rate was not significantly associated with any factors. Patients with low-grade ICRS lesion (ICRS grade 0, 1, or 2) showed a higher estimated 10-year anatomic survival rate compared with patients with high-grade ICRS lesions (87.6% vs 63.3%, respectively; P = .022). Conclusion: Low-grade ICRS lesion was associated with higher anatomic survival rate after medial MAT. In patients with high-grade ICRS lesions, the clinical outcome might be good; however, the status of an allograft might be poor. The surgeon should be aware of this and explain to the patient that close observation is necessary.
A Systematic Review of the Risks of Motor Vehicle Crashes Associated with Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Rapoport Mark J. , Chee Justin Nathaniel , Prabha Thadshagini , Dow Jamie , Gillespie Ian , Koppel Sjaan , Charlton Judith L. , O’Neill Desmond , Donaghy Paul C. , Ho Angela Onkay , Taylor John-Paul , Tant Mark 
Published: October 2022

Objective Psychiatric disorders and their treatments have the potential to adversely impact driving skills. However, it is unclear to what extent this poses a public health risk by increasing the risk of motor vehicle crashes (MVCs). The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize and critically appraise evidence on the risk of MVC for drivers with psychiatric disorders. Method We conducted a systematic review of the MVC risk associated with psychiatric disorders using seven databases in November 2019. Two reviewers examined each study and extracted data. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Quality Assessment tools were used to assess each study’s quality of evidence. Results We identified 24 studies that met the inclusion criteria, including eight cohort, 10 case-control, and six cross-sectional designs. Quality assessment ratings were “Good” for four studies, “Fair” for 10, and “Poor” for 10. Self-report or questionnaires were used in place of objective measures of either MVC, psychiatric disorder, or both in 12 studies, and only seven adjusted for driving exposure. Fifteen studies reported an increased risk of MVC associated with psychiatric disorders, and nine did not. There was no category of disorder that was consistently associated with increased MVC risk. Conclusion The available evidence is mixed, not of high quality, and does not support a blanket restriction on drivers with psychiatric disorder. An individualized approach, as recommended by international guidelines, should continue. Further research should include objective assessments of psychiatric disorders and MVC risk and adjust for driving exposure.
A Comparison of Audio-Only and Audio-Visual Tele-Lactation Consultation Services: A Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Bogulski Cari A. , Payakachat Nalin , Rhoads Sarah J. , Jones Rebecca D. , McCoy Hannah C. , Dawson Leah C. , Eswaran Hari 
Published: October 2022

Background: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life; however, a lack of access to breastfeeding resources influences breastfeeding initiation and continuation. Tele-lactation services may reduce some of these barriers to access. Research Aims: To identify facilitators and barriers of two modes of tele-health service utilization and to compare the differences between two modes of providing tele-lactation services on breastfeeding knowledge, breastfeeding intention, perceived social support, and 3-month breastfeeding continuation behavior. Methods: We conducted a mixed method, longitudinal pilot study utilizing prospective convenience sampling and random assignment of postpartum women recruited from two medical centers in Little Rock, Arkansas. Participants ( N = 43) were randomized into telephone-only ( n = 23) or audio-visual ( n = 20) intervention groups. Participants completed a self-administered pre- and post-intervention survey, as well as a semi-structured qualitative phone interview at 4–6 weeks post-discharge. Results: No significant difference in demographic characteristics across groups was found. At 3 months after discharge, both groups reported continued breastfeeding (telephone-only: n = 17, 81%; audio-visual: n = 18, 90%) with no significant difference between the two groups ( p = .663). Additionally, no group differences were found for breastfeeding knowledge or perceived social support. Overall, participants reported positive experiences with tele-lactation, emphasizing the convenience, accessibility, education, and support provided. Conclusion: We found that both telephone-only and audio-visual delivery of tele-lactation services were equally effective. Both methods of tele-lactation services should be considered by health care providers to encourage and sustain breastfeeding behavior in mothers.
Outcomes of intermediate stage varus ankle arthritis treated by supramalleolar osteotomy
Authors: Lai Liangpeng , Wang Yan , Wu Yong , Sun Ning , Li Ying , Du Hui , Gong Xiaofeng 
Published: October 2022

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of intermediate stage varus ankle arthritis treated by supramalleolar osteotomy. Methods Clinical data of 57 patients with varus arthritis who underwent supramalleolar osteotomy at our hospital between March 2018 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were grouped according to the Takakura classification, and assessed using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Score and the Visual Analogue Score (VAS). Tibial anterior surface (TAS) angle and talar tilt (TT) angle were measured at the weight-bearing anteroposterior view. Tibial lateral surface (TLS) angle was measured at the weight-bearing lateral view. The differences in the above indicators of patients with different stages of varus ankle arthritis before and after treatment were analyzed. Results The patients were followed up for an average of 31.9 ± 5.8 months. Upon the last follow-up, the AOFAS score was 84.1 ± 9.7, the VAS score 2.2 ± 1.3, the TAS angle 92.4 ± 5.5°, the TLS angle 79.3 ± 5.3°, and the TT angle 3.7±3.4°, which were significantly different from the preoperative levels (64.2 ± 14.6, 4.5 ± 1.8, 80.5 ± 6.7°, 74.9 ± 4.6°, and 5.2 ± 64.1°, respectively) ( p < .05). There were significant differences in AOFAS and VAS scores before surgery and upon the last follow-up in each group ( p < .05). The postoperative TT angle was significantly different from the preoperative level in stage IIIb patients ( p = .003). Conclusions Supramalleolar osteotomy achieved good short-to mid-term clinical outcomes for intermediate stage varus ankle arthritis. This procedure could significantly improve the TAS and TLS angles of the patients at any stage and the TT angle of stage IIIb patients.
A Meta-Analysis of Biomechanical Studies for Suture Button Pullout Versus Suture Anchor Repair of Flexor Digitorum Profundus Avulsions
Authors: Imbergamo Casey M. , Sequeira Sean B. , Miles Megan R. , Means Kenneth R. 
Published: October 2022

Background: There is no current consensus on which of the two most common flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) avulsion repair constructs, via suture button pullout (SBP) or suture anchor (SA), is biomechanically superior. Our purpose was to compare these repair methods via systematic review and meta-analysis of available literature. Methods: We performed a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-guided systematic review of PubMed, the Cochrane library, and Embase. We only included studies with direct comparison data for both techniques. We performed a meta-analysis comparing the reported biomechanical results using pooled data for initial repair stiffness (N/mm), gap formation (mm), and ultimate load to failure (N). Results: Seven studies met inclusion criteria, including a total of 201 cadaveric specimens. Four studies reported initial construct stiffness, with pooled analysis showing superiority for SA repairs ( P < .05). Four studies evaluated gap formation, with pooled analysis demonstrating less gapping with SA repair ( P < .05). Mean gap formation was 2.4 (±1.4) mm and 3.9 (±2.0) mm for the SA and SBP groups, respectively. All 7 studies assessed load to failure, with pooled analysis revealing no significant difference between groups ( P > .05). We lacked statistical power to determine equivalence between techniques for load to failure. Both groups had failure values significantly lower than the native FDP. Conclusions: Via meta-analysis, there was increased initial construct stiffness and less gap formation for SA compared to SBP for FDP reinsertion, with no significant differences for ultimate failure load.