bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foreign market entry modes for servitization under diverse macroenvironmental conditions: taxonomy and propositions
Authors: Agnihotri Arpita , Bhattacharya Saurabh , Yannopoulou Natalia , Thrassou Alkis 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe article explores how servitization influences firms' foreign market entry mode decisions. This relationship is researched under the contingent effect of macroenvironmental factors in the host country, namely, market attractiveness, institutional environment and national culture differences between the home and host country.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a conceptual framework typology that interrelates, contextualizes and conceptualizes extant knowledge to develop explicit propositions.FindingsBased on the extant literature, using a 2 × 2 matrix, the authors delineate the influence of two dimensions of servitization on entry mode decisions: customer relationship focus and digitalization focus. They conceptualize that relationship management and digitalization-based servitization have an antagonistic effect on the need for entry mode resource commitments, and macroenvironmental factors' favorability moderates this tension.Research limitations/implicationsThe study extends and incorporates the servitization literature into the context of international marketing by exploring the combined effect of the two most significant dimensions of servitization, i.e. investment in customer relations versus investment in digitalization on entry mode, thus delivering valuable new insights and perspectives, as well as explicit propositions toward empirical testing.Practical implicationsThe authors’ framework increases foreign market managers' awareness of how servitization drives entry mode decisions of firms in international markets. Also, the framework explicates how the host country's market attractiveness, institutional environment and difference with the home country's national culture tangibly influence the relationship.Originality/valueThe study provides novel insights into the implications of servitization on international marketing, particularly regarding foreign market entry mode. The study also elucidates the combined effect of two servitization dimensions, i.e. customer relations and digitalization – a critical research area in which the literature is scant.
Microclimatic variation affects developmental phenology, synchrony and voltinism in an insect population
Authors: Greiser Caroline , von Schmalensee Loke , Lindestad Olle , Gotthard Karl , Lehmann Philipp 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Temperature influences the rate of most biological processes. Nonlinearities in the thermal reaction norms of such processes complicate intuitive predictions of how ectothermic organisms respond to naturally fluctuating temperatures, and by extension, to climate warming. Additionally, organisms developing close to the ground experience a highly variable microclimate landscape that often is poorly captured by coarse standard climate data.

Using a butterfly population in central Sweden as a model, we quantified the consequences of small‐scale temperature variation on phenology, emergence synchrony and number of annual reproductive cycles (voltinism). By combining empirical microclimate and thermal performance data, we project development of individual green‐veined white butterflies (Pieris napi) across 110 sites in an exceptionally high‐resolved natural microclimate landscape.

We demonstrate that differences among microclimates just meters apart can have large impacts on the rate of development and emergence synchrony of neighbouring butterflies. However, when considering the full development from egg to adult, these temporal differences were reduced in some scenarios, due to negative correlations in development times among life stages. The negative correlations were caused by temperatures at some sites beginning to exceed the optimum for development as the season progressed. Indeed, which sites were optimal for fast development could change across the lifetimes of individual butterflies, that is, ‘fast’ sites could become ‘slow’ sites. Thus, from a thermal point of view, there seem to be no consistently optimal microsites. Importantly, the fast sites were not always the warmest sites. We showed that such unintuitive effects could play an important role in the regulation of phenological synchrony and voltinism in insects, as most sites consistently favoured two generations. The results were generally robust across years and three different egg‐laying dates.

Using high‐resolved empirical climate data on organism‐relevant temporal and spatial scales and considering nonlinear responses to temperature, we demonstrated the large and unintuitive population‐level consequences of locally and temporarily high temperatures. We suggest to—whenever possible—incorporate species‐ and life stage‐specific nonlinear responses to temperature when studying the effects of natural microclimate variation and climate change on organisms.

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Y‐STR mixture deconvolution by single‐cell analysis
Authors: Huffman Kaitlin , Hanson Erin , Ballantyne Jack 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSince Y‐STR typing only amplifies male Y chromosomal DNA, it can simplify the interpretation of some DNA mixtures that contain female DNA. However, if there are multiple male contributors, mixed Y‐STR DNA profiles will often be obtained. Y‐STR mixture analysis cases are particularly challenging though as, currently, there are no validated probabilistic genotyping (PG) software solutions commercially available to aid in their interpretation. One approach to fully deconvoluting these challenging mixtures into their individual donors is to conduct single‐cell genotyping by isolating individual cells from a mixture prior to conducting DNA typing. In this work, a physical micromanipulation technique involving a tungsten needle and direct PCR with decreased reaction volume and increased cycle number was applied to equimolar 2‐ and 3‐person buccal cell male DNA mixtures and a mock touch DNA case scenario involving the consecutive firing of a handgun by two males. A consensus DNA profiling approach was then utilized to obtain YFiler™ Plus Y‐STR haplotypes. Buccal cells were used to optimize and test the direct single‐cell subsampling approach, and 2–3 person male buccal cell mixtures were fully deconvoluted into their individual donor Y‐STR haplotypes. Single‐cell (or agglomerated cell clump) subsampling from the gun's trigger recovered single‐source Y‐STR profiles from both individuals who fired the gun, the owner, and the other unrelated male. Only the non‐owner's DNA was found in the cells recovered from the handle. In summary, direct single‐cell subsampling as described represents a potential simple way to analyze and interpret Y‐STR mixtures.
Accuracy of comparison decisions by forensic firearms examiners
Authors: Monson Keith L. , Smith Erich D. , Peters Eugene M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis black box study assessed the performance of forensic firearms examiners in the United States. It involved three different types of firearms and 173 volunteers who performed a total of 8640 comparisons of both bullets and cartridge cases. The overall false‐positive error rate was estimated as 0.656% and 0.933% for bullets and cartridge cases, respectively, while the rate of false negatives was estimated as 2.87% and 1.87% for bullets and cartridge cases, respectively. The majority of errors were made by a limited number of examiners. Because chi‐square tests of independence strongly suggest that error probabilities are not the same for each examiner, these are maximum‐likelihood estimates based on the beta‐binomial probability model and do not depend on an assumption of equal examiner‐specific error rates. Corresponding 95% confidence intervals are (0.305%, 1.42%) and (0.548%, 1.57%) for false positives for bullets and cartridge cases, respectively, and (1.89%, 4.26%) and (1.16%, 2.99%) for false negatives for bullets and cartridge cases, respectively. The results of this study are consistent with prior studies, despite its comprehensive design and challenging specimens.
Accuracy and clinical use of biliary point‐of‐care ultrasound: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Archer Juliette , Beck Sierra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the utilisation and diagnostic accuracy of biliary point‐of‐care ultrasounds (POCUS) performed and archived in a single New Zealand ED.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of clinically indicated biliary POCUS, archived from 1 October 2019 to 20 May 2020. POCUS interpretation was compared to expert review and radiology imaging when available. The clinician interpretations, diagnostic imaging results and surgical referrals were extracted from electronic medical records. Archived POCUS images were retrospectively reviewed by an expert to determine diagnostic quality, sonographic findings and imaging errors.ResultsA total of 133 ultrasounds were included; 118 (90%) archived images were of diagnostic quality. The presence or absence of gallstones was documented in 124 (93%), and other sonographic findings were less consistently documented. There was almost perfect agreement with expert review for gallstones (κ = 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.72–0.93) and substantial agreement for wall thickening (κ = 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.42–0.83). For patients discharged following negative POCUS without radiology imaging or surgical review no patients returned and received a diagnosis of cholecystitis over 6 months of follow‐up. Imaging errors included failure to visualise the gallbladder neck, misinterpretation of artefacts and technical errors in measurement of the gallbladder wall.ConclusionBiliary POCUS was primarily utilised for and was accurate for the detection of gallstones. Further quality assurance and training could be directed at earlier credentialing to address technical errors and improved documentation of POCUS findings.
Refractance window drying in the production of instant baker's yeast and its effect on the quality characteristics of bread
Authors: Arslan‐Tontul Sultan , Çetin‐Babaoğlu Hümeyra , Aslan Mine , Tontul İsmail 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to produce instant dried baker's yeast (BY) by conventional or infrared‐assisted refractance window drying (RWD or InfraRWD, respectively) and compare their bakery performance with commercial BY. According to the findings of the study, the total yeast count was higher than 9.60 log cfu/g in all dried BY samples, and the lowest viability was obtained in BY dried by InfraRWD at 50°C. In general, BY produced by RWD increased the physical quality parameters of bread such as specific volume, total cell count, and the number of cell areas of bread crumbs. Moreover, bread leavened by BY dried by RWD slowed down the staling rate of bread, while infrared assistance accelerated the staling. Sensorial analysis showed that bread produced by refractance window dried BY was more acceptable than commercial BY. In a conclusion, RWD can be an effective alternative to the production of instant baker's yeast, but the most quality features of BY has negatively affected by infrared assistance.Practical ApplicationIn the drying of baker's yeast, promising advantages can be obtained by refractance window drying. The higher specific volume and superior bread crumb with a retarded staling rate were determined when bread was produced by the refractance window. This is the first time that RWD and InfraRWD have been used for the production of instant baker's yeast and it has several practical applications for bread quality.
Physical and textural properties of functional edible protein films from soybean using an innovative 3D printing technology
Authors: Dey Sriloy , Hettiarachchy Navam , Bisly Ali A. , Luthra Kaushik , Atungulu Griffiths G. , Ubeyitogullari Ali , Mozzoni Leandro Angel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIncreasing market demand for sustainable, environmentally friendly edible film materials has called for the development of new customizable production methods utilizing emerging technologies such as 3D printing. We hereby report a new method to generate functional edible soy protein isolate films prepared from three types of soybeans (AR‐R11‐7999, MO‐S17‐17168, and MO‐S17‐19874R) using an innovative 3D printing technology. The protein contents in AR‐R11‐7999, MO‐S17‐17168, and MO‐S17‐19874R soybean meals and their corresponding protein isolates were 40.0, 39.1, and 39.9; and 84.5, 84.7, and 87.3 % (w/w, dry basis), respectively. Response surface methodology was used to maximize the tensile and puncture strength and minimize the thickness of the 3D‐printed edible films using protein concentration, plasticizer concentration (glycerol), and drying time as the independent variables. The optimized film production conditions were determined as soy protein concentration: 8.91%, plasticizer concentration: 3.00%, and drying time: 3.98 h with a desirability value of 0.7428. The optimized conditions were then successfully verified with the original soybean lot with a nonsignificant difference in physical properties. At the optimized conditions, the 3D‐printed edible films using three soybean lots revealed: 0.108–0.114 mm thickness; 14.79–16.07 MPa tensile strength; 6.97–8.20 N puncture strength; 90.81–91.53, −1.89 to −1.31, and 14.85–17.25 were color parameters L*, a*, and b*, respectively; 1.22–1.36 g/cm3 density; and 104.4–105.7% elongation at break ratio (%).Practical ApplicationEdible soy protein films produced by an extrusion‐based 3D printing approach are highly customizable and precise, and could be produced at an industrial scale. This newly produced environment‐friendly soy protein‐based edible film can serve as an alternate packaging to synthetic plastics and reduce the environmental landfill problem while adding value to soybean produced in the mid‐south United States.
Clinical presentation, biochemical profile, and HLA haplotype frequency of celiac disease among adults in Northwest China
Authors: Shi Tian , Feng Yan , Li Zi Qiong , Lu Jia Jie , Abudurexiti Adilai , Maimaitireyimu Ayinuer , Hu Jia Li , Wang Man , Zhou Hong Bo , Abudureyimu Aini , Mei Xin , Guo Xin Wen , Liu Wei Dong , Gao Feng 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical characteristics, biochemical parameters and the distribution of HLA‐DQ genotypes among adult patients with celiac disease (CD) in Northwest China.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study retrospectively collected clinical, biochemical, and HLA‐DQ genotype of patients with CD from a tertiary hospital in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China between March 2016 and December 2021. Small intestinal biopsy and serum‐specific antibodies were used to diagnose CD.ResultsOf the 102 CD patients, 63.7% were women (female: male = 1.76:1), and the mean age was 47.3 ± 14.7 years at diagnosis. Common gastrointestinal symptoms included abdominal pain (50.0%), diarrhea (39.2%), and abdominal distension (24.5%). While common extraintestinal manifestations were anemia (48.0%), osteopenia or osteoporosis (36.3%), and fatigue (35.3%). Approximately 34.3% of patients with CD had comorbidities, with the most common being thyroid diseases (18.6%). Biochemical profiles showed lower hemoglobin, higher platelet count, and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) deficiency. HLA‐DQ2/DQ8 was detected among all 53 patients who underwent genotype testing; the frequency of the HLA‐DQ2.5, DQ2.2, and DQ8 haplotypes was 71.7%, 24.5%, and 3.8%, respectively.ConclusionsCD was more common among women. Clinical manifestations include primarily gastrointestinal symptoms, but extraintestinal manifestations were not uncommon. Lower hemoglobin level, higher platelet count, and 25[OH]D deficiency are the main biochemical manifestations. The HLA‐DQ2.5 and DQ2.2 haplotypes are the most common genotypes in CD.
Fecal microbiota transplantation may reduce the mortality of patients with severe and fulminant Clostridioides difficile infection compared to standard‐of‐care antibiotics in a community hospital
Authors: Mironova Maria , Ehrlich Adam C. , Grinspan Ari , Protano Marion‐Anna 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesClostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is known for significant morbidity and mortality. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective therapy for recurrent and resistant CDI. However, its impact on the mortality rate of patients with severe and fulminant CDI has not been rigorously studied yet. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of FMT on the mortality rate of patients with severe or fulminant CDI in a community hospital system.MethodsOur study included 106 inpatients with severe or fulminant CDI. Both standard‐of‐care (SOC) and FMT were provided to 14 (13.2%) patients (the FMT group). SOC antibiotics alone were provided to 92 (86.8%) patients, out of whom 28 patients were included via propensity score matching in a 2:1 ratio (the SOC group). The primary outcome was defined as the composite end‐point of mortality during admission, within 30 and 90 days after discharge, and discharge with comfort measures only. Each component was a secondary end‐point.ResultsThe primary outcome rate in the FMT group was 7.1% (1/14) compared to 25.0% (7/28) in the SOC group. Univariate analysis demonstrated that FMT decreases mortality (odds ratio [OR] 0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01–0.58, P = 0.01). However, multivariate regression did not show statistical significance (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.01–2.53, P = 0.19), possibly due to the small sample size.ConclusionsFMT may decrease the mortality of patients with severe and fulminant CDI. Large studies are needed to validate these findings.
Accuracy of dispatch and prehospital triage performance in poisonings – A retrospective study from northern Finland
Authors: Koskela Lauri , Raatiniemi Lasse , Ehrola Ari , Kaakinen Timo , Lahtinen Sanna , Liisanantti Janne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing numbers of dispatches place a burden on EMS; this study sought to assess the prehospital evaluation of poisoned patients transported to hospital. The primary aim of this study was to measure dispatch centre and EMS provider performance as well as factors contributing to the recognition of poisoning among prehospital patients. The secondary aim was to compare triage performance between dispatch centres and EMS providers.MethodsA retrospective single‐centre study in Northern Finland was conducted. Patients suspected as poisonings by dispatch centres as well as other EMS‐transported patients who received a diagnosis of poisoning in hospital between June 1, 2015 and June 1, 2017, were included.ResultsThere were a total of 1668 poisoning‐related EMS missions. Dispatch centres suspected poisonings with sensitivity of 79.9% (95% CI 76.7–82.9) and specificity of 98.9% (95% CI 98.9–99.0) when all EMS missions were taken into account. In a logistic regression model, decreased state of consciousness as dispatch code (OR 7.18, 95% CI 1.90–27.05) and intravenous fluid resuscitation (OR 6.58, 95% CI 1.34–32.37) were associated with EMS transport providers not recognizing poisoning. Overtriage rate appeared significantly higher (33.6%, 95% CI 28.6–39.2) for dispatch when compared with transport (17.8%, 95% CI 13.9–22.6).ConclusionDispatch centres seem to suspect poisonings fairly accurately. Poisonings unrecognized by EMS providers may be linked with intravenous fluid resuscitation and decreased patient consciousness. Overtriage appears to resolve somewhat from dispatch to transport. There were no fatal poisonings in this study population.
Performance of a risk factor‐based approach in the detection of small for gestational age neonates: A cohort study
Authors: Wan Anna , Zampogna Christopher , Reddy Maya , Robinson Alice , Hodges Ryan , Rolnik Daniel Lorber 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAntenatal detection of fetal growth restriction allows the opportunity to increase surveillance and initiate intervention to prevent adverse outcomes. Detection of small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses with risk factor screening and selective ultrasonography is the standard of care in Australia, but evidence regarding performance is lacking.AimsTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of a risk factor‐based screening approach in detection of SGA neonates.Materials and methodsRetrospective cohort study conducted in a metropolitan maternity service, including all consecutive singleton deliveries over 20 weeks gestation from July 2016 to December 2017, and excluding terminations of pregnancy. An SGA neonate was defined by birthweight below the tenth percentile according to Australian reference ranges. Antenatally detected SGA cases were defined by estimated fetal weight or abdominal circumference below the tenth percentile for gestational age, or abnormal symphysio‐fundal height. The diagnostic accuracy of the screening protocol was calculated using detection rates and false‐positive rates.ResultsThere were 13 384 singleton pregnancies included. There were 1330 infants (10.0%) who were SGA at birth. Antenatal detection rate of SGA neonates was 39.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) 37.0–42.3%), with a false‐positive rate of 10.2% (95% CI 9.6–10.7%). There were 10 266 pregnancies (77.0%) which had at least one risk factor for an SGA infant. Of these, 6650 (64.8%) underwent at least one fetal growth ultrasound after 24 weeks gestation.ConclusionsAntenatal recognition of poor fetal growth is suboptimal using our current screening protocol. Three‐quarters of pregnancies demonstrated risk factors for delivering an SGA infant, but growth ultrasonography may be underutilised.
Task Force on Climate‐related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) Implementation: An Overview and Insights from the Australian Accounting Standards Board Dialogue Series
Authors: Chua Wai Fong , James Ramana , King Adrian , Lee Eric , Soderstrom Naomi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe article provides an overview of recent developments and the regulatory position on sustainability reporting in Australia. It summarises practical challenges and opportunities pertinent to scenario analysis and disclosures in the Task Force on Climate‐Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) implementation discussed at the March 2022 Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) Dialogue Series session. The common theme from the discussion session is that the TCFD implementations and disclosures will improve as entities continuously understand stakeholder needs, review their climate‐related risk assessments and processes, climate‐related metrics and targets, and disclosure policies and procedures.