bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐proliferative Properties of Schinensilactone A, A Schinortriterpenoid with 7,8‐Seco‐1,8‐cyclo Scaffold against Caco‐2 by Inducing Cell Apoptosis from the Leaves of Schisandra chinensis
Authors: Liu Yan , Liu Guo‐Zhen , Li Xiao‐Mao , Jiang Peng , Xia Yong‐Gang , Kuang Hai‐Xue , Yang Bing‐You 
Published: February 2022

Comprehensive SummaryA novel schinortriterpenoid (SNT), schinensilactone A (1), characterized by a unique 7,8‐seco‐1,8‐cyclo‐schisanartane scaffold, was isolated from the leaves of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill, together with a new SNT (schinensilactone B, 2) and two known (3, 4). Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Furthermore, a hypothetical biosynthetic pathway for 1 was postulated due to its novel carbon skeleton. In addition, 1 exhibited significant anti‐proliferative activity against Caco‐2 cells originating from five different tumor cell lines, and its preliminary mechanism of action was investigated with respect to the expression of apoptosis‐related proteins, including P53, Caspase 3, Bax, PUMA, and Bcl2. These biological activities would further our understanding of the food function of Schisandra chinensis leaves.
Room‐Temperature Treatment with Thioacetamide Yielding Blue‐ and Green‐Emitting CsPbX3 Perovskite Nanocrystals with Enhanced Photoluminescence Efficiency and Stability
Authors: Gautam Rajesh Kumar , Das Somnath , Samanta Anunay 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhile multiple protocols are currently available for obtaining green‐ and red‐emitting lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) with near‐unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), achieving this target for the blue‐emitting NCs is still quite challenging. This is an impediment to the development of perovskite‐based highly efficient white LEDs of which blue is an essential component. Herein, we show that room‐temperature treatment of the blue‐emitting CsPbCl1.5Br1.5, cyan‐emitting CsPbClBr2 and green‐emitting CsPbBr3 NCs with thioacetamide not only enhances the PLQY to near‐unity (∼97–99%) without affecting the PL maximum and bandwidth, but also improves the stability of the systems significantly. The investigation reveals that effective passivation of under‐coordinated surface Pb2+ through formation of Pb−S and Pb−NH2 bonds and removal of excess lead atoms suppress the nonradiative recombination channels and enhances the PLQY and stability of the NCs. Outstanding PL efficiency and superior long‐term stability make these systems potential ingredients for various lighting and display applications.
Development of Rofecoxib‐Based Fluorophores from ACQ to AIE by Positional Regioisomerization
Authors: Wang Xinli , Chen Liwei , Li Renfu , Xie Zuoxu , Hu Ming , Sun Shitao , Li Zhenli , Hao Jinle , Lin Bin , Chen Xueyuan , Xie Lijun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe development of aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) has attracted increasing attention due to their potential applications in various areas in recent years. In this study, a facile conversion from aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) to aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) was achieved by an efficient regioisomerization strategy based on the rofecoxib scaffold. Two compounds, named PYR2 and PYR4, were identified as regioisomers of rofecoxib derivatives to show dramatically different fluorescent properties. Compound PYR2 with an ortho‐substituted piperidine group showed typical AIE activity while compound PYR4 with a para‐piperidine group exhibited typical ACQ behavior. Notably, compound PYR2 showed polymorphism with two forms of crystals. It was also endowed with reversible mechanochromic luminescence and acidochromic properties. The different fluorescent properties were elucidated by UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, powder X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analyses. Its application as a security ink and in lipid droplets imaging have been demonstrated.
2‐Aryl‐1H‐benz[de]isoquinolinium Ions: Cationic Dyes Displaying Mechanochromism and Crystallochromism
Authors: Katayama Koji , Matsuura Yuka , Kitamura Chitoshi , Nishida Jun‐ichi , Kawase Takeshi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract2‐Aryl‐5,8‐di‐tert‐butyl‐1H‐benz[de]isoquinolinium tetrafluoroborates were synthesized and crystalized to form yellow to orange crystals. Absorption and fluorescence maxima (λABS and λFL‐SL) of the compounds in CH2Cl2 depend on the electronic and steric properties of the aryl ring substituents and closely match those arising from theoretical calculations. λABS and λFL‐SL values of the compound possessing bulky 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl substituents are the shortest among the substances because of sterically promoted retardation of conjugation between the isoquinolinium and aryl ring planes. In contrast, solid‐state fluorescence maxima (λFL‐SD) of the compounds are not closely correlated with the electronic properties of the aryl substituents. Furthermore, one crystalline form of both the 4‐trifluoromethylphenyl and 4‐nitrophenyl derivatives exhibit mechanochromic and crystallochromic behavior reflected in absorption and fluorescence color changes. X‐ray diffraction and crystallographic analysis reveal that the solid state photophysical properties of these substances are related to different molecular stacking interactions occurring in different crystalline forms.
Deep‐Red‐Emissive Flexible Optical Waveguide with High Elastic Performance Based on an Organic Crystal
Authors: Yu Xu , Liu Bin , Pan Xiuhong , Zhang Hongyu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOrganic crystals with elasticity and light‐guiding properties have been used for spatial control of light output for photonic devices and circuits. However, the emission wavelengths of organic crystals for active optical waveguides are still too short for practical applications; the elastic performance of organic crystals should be further improved. Here, we develop an organic crystal of the compound 5‐[4‐(dimethylamino)phenyl]‐1‐(4‐fluorophenyl)penta‐2,4‐dien‐1‐one (DPFP) with an emission wavelength near 675 nm. The crystal is very soft and has an elastic modulus of 323.95 MPa. The properties suggest that it has value as an active optical waveguide. It also undergoes a crystalline transition process. After the transition, both the elastic and emission properties are retained so that it can be used as an optical waveguide. These phenomena were then studied via both experimental and theoretical methods.
Adoption of change in endodontic practice after an educational program: A qualitative study
Authors: Wolf Eva , Leonard Kerstin , Vidigsson My , Tegelberg Åke , Koch Margaretha 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim was to define the characteristics of successful implementation of new clinical endodontic routines within a public dental health organization, following an educational program.Materials and MethodsFifteen staff members were strategically selected for the interview. All had completed a theoretical educational intervention including a complementary endodontic treatment strategy and, for the dentists, comprising training in the nickel‐titanium‐rotary‐technique. All experienced the successful acceptance of new clinical routines. Two thematic in‐depth audiotaped interviews were conducted, wherein the informants described the implementation process in their own words. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed according to Qualitative Content Analysis.ResultsA theme was identified: A multiple flexible process with governance support and gradual reinforcement of motivation, with the following main categories: Firstly, contextual facilitation, with two subcategories (i) a multifaceted organizational foundation and (ii) a tolerance of flexibility. Secondly, emotional facilitation, with two subcategories (i) an experience of simplification and (ii) an experience of improvement.ConclusionThe results improve the understanding of a multifaceted process underlying the acceptance of changes to clinical endodontic procedures by dentists in a public dental health organization. Important contributing factors identified were governance support, a committed resource person with contextual knowledge, tolerance of flexibility in implementation, and permissive informal communication channels within the local workplace. These findings might be a valuable contribution to an evidence base, facilitating the selection of the most appropriate educational strategy and structure for a specified purpose.
Anthropogenic fragmentation increases risk of genetic decline in the threatened orchidPlatanthera leucophaea
Authors: Ellwanger Claire , Steger Laura , Pollack Cathy , Wells Rachel , Benjamin Fant Jeremie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractProtecting biodiversity requires an understanding of how anthropogenic changes impact the genetic processes associated with extinction risk. Studies of the genetic changes due to anthropogenic fragmentation have revealed conflicting results. This is likely due to the difficulty in isolating habitat loss and fragmentation, which can have opposing impacts on genetic parameters. The well‐studied orchid,Platanthera leucophaea, provides a rich dataset to address this issue, allowing us to examine range‐wide genetic changes. Midwestern and Northeastern United States. We sampled 35 populations ofP. leucophaeathat spanned the species’ range and varied in patch composition, degree of patch isolation, and population size. From these populations we measured genetic parameters associated with increased extinction risk. Using this combined dataset, we modeled landscape variables and population metrics against genetic parameters to determine the best predictors of increased extinction risk. All genetic parameters were strongly associated with population size, while development and patch isolation showed an association with genetic diversity and genetic structure. Genetic diversity was lowest in populations with small census sizes, greater urbanization pressures (habitat loss), and small patch area. All populations showed moderate levels of inbreeding, regardless of size. Contrary to expectation, we found that critically small populations had negative inbreeding values, indicating non‐random mating not typically observed in wild populations, which we attribute to selection for less inbred individuals. The once widespread orchid,Platanthera leucophaea, has suffered drastic declines and extant populations show changes in the genetic parameters associated with increased extinction risk, especially smaller populations. Due to the important correlation with risk and habitat loss, we advocate continued monitoring of population sizes by resource managers, while the critically small populations may need additional management to reverse genetic declines.
Extracting spatial networks from capture–recapture data reveals individual site fidelity patterns within a marine mammal’s spatial range
Authors: Bonnell Tyler R. , Michaud Robert , Dupuch Angélique , Lesage Véronique , Chion Clément 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Estimating the impacts of anthropogenic disturbances requires an understanding of the habitat‐use patterns of individuals within a population. This is especially the case when disturbances are localized within a population's spatial range, as variation in habitat use within a population can drastically alter the distribution of impacts.

Here, we illustrate the potential for multilevel binomial models to generate spatial networks from capture–recapture data, a common data source used in wildlife studies to monitor population dynamics and habitat use. These spatial networks capture which regions of a population's spatial distribution share similar/dissimilar individual usage patterns, and can be especially useful for detecting structured habitat use within the population's spatial range.

Using simulations and 18 years of capture–recapture data from St. Lawrence Estuary (SLE) beluga, we show that this approach can successfully estimate the magnitude of similarities/dissimilarities in individual usage patterns across sectors, and identify sectors that share similar individual usage patterns that differ from other sectors, that is, structured habitat use. In the case of SLE beluga, this method identified multiple clusters of individuals, each preferentially using restricted areas within their summer range of the SLE.

Multilevel binomial models can be effective at estimating spatial structure in habitat use within wildlife populations sampled by capture–recapture of individuals, and can be especially useful when sampling effort is not evenly distributed. Our finding of a structured habitat use within the SLE beluga summer range has direct implications for estimating individual exposures to localized stressors, such as underwater noise from shipping or other activities.
Effect of metal oxide nanofluids on the performance of passive solar still single slope for two different absorbent plates
Authors: Zabour Khadija , Feddaoui M'barek , Meftah Hicham 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study aims to improve the performances of a solar still single slope using metal oxide nanofluid (Al2O3–water, Cu2O–water, and TiO2–water). The numerical study was carried out for the climatic conditions of Agadir, Morocco, with different concentrations of nanofluids inside a basin equipped with an absorber plate with two different absorptivities. The numerical study is based on thermal balance equations applied on different solar system components and solved using the Runge Kutta method. The numerical model is validated by comparing our results with the literature available data. A comparison study of the effect of these nanofluids on solar still productivity is done. The results show that the productivity of the solar still using nanoparticles Cu2O, TiO2, and Al2O3 are 7.38, 7.1, and 7.064 kg m−2 day−1, respectively. It is obtained that the maximum efficiency of the solar still is found to be 55.27% by using cuprous oxide nanoparticles. Furthermore, an enhancement in solar still productivity of 6.36%, 19.54%, and 33.25% is obtained by dispersing 1%, 3%, and 5% volume fraction of Cu2O nanoparticles in pure water, respectively compared to the conventional solar. Moreover, the impact of the absorptivity of the absorber plate on the solar still effectiveness is investigated. Two types of coatings are considered to change the absorber plate absorptivity. The results indicate that the efficiencies of the solar system are 58.81% and 51.77% using an absorber plate with 0.95 and 0.85 of absorptivity, respectively.
Case Study: A Japanese patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who achieved long‐term treatment‐free survival with pembrolizumab and axitinib in the KEYNOTE‐426 phase III trial of pembrolizumab and axitinib versus sunitinib
Authors: Nishimoto Koshiro , Shirotake Suguru , Miyama Yu , Kaneko Go , Kanao Kent , Igarashi Daisuke , Takahashi Takayuki , Umezawa Yuta , Yasuda Masanori , Oyama Masafumi 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionOur patient treated with pembrolizumab and axitinib is one of the longest survivors in Japan on KEYNOTE 426, despite adverse events, including delayed‐onset hepatitis. We herein present a detailed clinical course and short discussion on the case.Case presentationThis was a 49‐year‐old male with clear cell renal cell carcinoma and lung metastases. After cytoreductive nephrectomy, treatment with pembrolizumab plus axitinib was initiated and the patient demonstrated a radiographic partial response as best response. The main adverse event was pembrolizumab‐induced delayed‐onset hepatitis, which was successfully treated with prednisolone. Pembrolizumab was re‐initiated and completed.ConclusionThe survival benefit in the present case may be due to the initial potent anti‐cancer effects of axitinib and durable immune effects of pembrolizumab, leading to long‐term treatment‐free survival.
Complex permittivity‐dependent plasma confinement‐assisted growth of asymmetric vertical graphene nanofiber membrane for high‐performance Li‐S full cells
Authors: Zhang Yongshang , Wu Zhiheng , Wang Shaobin , Li Neng , Silva S. Ravi P. , Shao Guosheng , Zhang Peng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractVertical graphene (VG), possessing superior chemical, physical, and structural peculiarities, holds great promise as a building block for constructing a high‐energy density lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) battery. Therefore, it is desirable to develop a new VG growth technique with a novel structure to enable wide applications. Herein, we devise a novel complex permittivity‐dependent plasma confinement‐assisted VG growth technique, via asymmetric growing a VG layer on one side of N‐doped carbon nanofibers for the first time, using a unique lab‐built high flux plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition system, as a bifunctional nanofiber membrane to construct Li‐S batteries with low negative/positive (N/P) and electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratios. The unique nanofiber membrane could simultaneously protect the cathode and anode, enabling an excellent electrochemical performance with low N/P and E/S ratios in Li‐S batteries. Such a full cell delivers high gravimetric energy density and volumetric energy density of 340 Wh kg−1 and 547 Wh L−1, respectively, at low N/P (2:1) and E/S (4:1) ratios. Furthermore, a pouch cell achieves a high areal capacity of 7.1 mAh cm−2 at a sulfur loading of 6 mg cm−2. This work put forward a novel pathway for the design of high‐energy density Li‐S batteries.image
Search for transition states with external forces
Authors: Brzyska Agnieszka , Wolinski Krzysztof 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is much more difficult to find on the potential energy surface (PES) a transition state (TS) than a local minimum (LM). We propose a new methodology which makes this task much easier. Applying external forces to nuclei in a molecule we can locate on PES not just one particular TS but a number of consecutive transition states. With our approach it is possible to move over PES from one transition state to another without involving any local minima. The latter can be located in a separate step through the reaction path calculations performed for every transition state found before. Preliminary results for the 2‐fluorofuran molecule illustrate the usefulness of the proposed method.
Using readiness to understand implementation challenges in school mental health research
Authors: Splett Joni W. , Perales Kelly , Miller Elaine , Hartley Samantha N. , Wandersman Abraham , Halliday Colleen A. , Weist Mark D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSchools and research partners are increasingly implementing complex, multicomponent interventions and school‐wide frameworks to better meet students' social, emotional, behavioral, and academic needs; however, in the research and real‐world contexts, implementation is often fraught with many challenges and barriers to success. This study explores implementation barriers encountered during a randomized controlled trial testing effects of one complex intervention strategy—the Interconnected Systems Framework—from the lens of a practical model for conceptualizing organizational readiness—the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation. Implementation of the Interconnected Systems Framework was explored via focus group and key informant interviews with school and mental health professionals, and research team members responsible for implementing the intervention in randomly assigned study schools. Results from inductive thematic analysis of verbatim transcripts identified three primary implementation challenges: staff turnover, inadequate leadership buy‐in, and insufficient time for training/planning. Each challenge is explored from interview participants' perspectives and the extant literature, then connected to recommendations from implementation science to help others avoid similar challenges in their well‐intentioned efforts to address the mounting concern for students' wellbeing.
Self‐transducible LRS‐UNE‐L peptide enhances muscle regeneration
Authors: Baek Mi‐Ock , Cho Hye‐Jeong , Min Do Sik , Choi Cheol Soo , Yoon Mee‐Sup 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundMuscle regeneration includes proliferation and differentiation of muscle satellite cells, which involves the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). We identified the C‐terminal unique attached sequence motif (UNE) domain of leucyl‐tRNA synthetase (LRS‐UNE‐L) as an mTORC1 (mTOR complex1)‐activating domain that acts through Vps34 and phospholipase D1 (PLD1) when introduced in the form of a muscle‐enhancing peptide.MethodsIn vitro Vps34 lipid kinase assay, phosphatidylinositol 3‐phosphate (PI(3)P) measurement, in vivo PLD1 assay, and western blot assay were performed in HEK293 cells to test the effect of the LRS‐UNE‐L on the Vps34‐PLD1‐mTOR pathway. Adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐LRS‐UNE‐L was transduced in C2C12 cells in vitro, in BaCl2‐injured tibialis anterior (TA) muscles, and in 18‐month‐old TA muscles to analyse its effect on myogenesis, muscle regeneration, and aged muscle, respectively. The muscle‐specific cell‐permeable peptide M12 was fused with LRS‐UNE‐L and tested for cell integration in C2C12 and HEK293 cells using FACS analysis and immunocytochemistry. Finally, M12‐LRS‐UNE‐L was introduced into BaCl2‐injured TA muscles of 15‐week‐old Pld1+/+ or Pld1−/− mice, and its effect was analysed by measurement of cross‐sectional area of regenerating muscle fibres.ResultsThe LRS‐UNE‐L expression restored amino acid‐induced S6K1 phosphorylation in LRS knockdown cells in a RagD GTPases‐independent manner (421%, P = 0.007 vs. LRS knockdown control cells). The LRS‐UNE‐L domain was directly bound to Vps34; this interaction was accompanied by increases in Vps34 activity (166%, P = 0.0352), PI(3)P levels (146%, P = 0.0039), and PLD1 activity (228%, P = 0.0294) compared with amino acid‐treated control cells, but it did not affect autophagic flux. AAV‐delivered LRS‐UNE‐L domain augmented S6K1 phosphorylation (174%, P = 0.0013), mRNA levels of myosin heavy chain (MHC) (122%, P = 0.0282) and insulin‐like growth factor 2 (IGF2) (146%, P = 0.008), and myogenic fusion (133%, P = 0.0479) in C2C12 myotubes. AAV‐LRS‐UNE‐L increased the size of regenerating muscle fibres in BaCl2‐injured TA muscles (124%, P = 0.0279) (n = 9–10), but it did not change the muscle fibre size of TA muscles in old mice. M12‐LRS‐UNE‐L was preferentially delivered into C2C12 cells compared with HEK293 cells and augmented regeneration of BaCl2‐injured TA muscles in a PLD1‐dependent manner (116%, P = 0.0022) (n = 6).ConclusionsOur results provide compelling evidence that M12‐LRS‐UNE‐L could be a muscle‐enhancing protein targeting mTOR.