bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The distribution of fake Australian vaccine digital certificates on an alt-tech platform
Authors: Childs Andrew 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper provides the first exploration of the online distribution of fake Australian COVID-19 vaccine certificates. Drawing on a collection of 2589 posts between five distributors and their community members on the alt-tech platform Gab, this study gathers key insights into the mechanics of illicit vaccine certificate distribution. The qualitative findings in this research demonstrate the various motivations and binding ideologies that underpinned this illicit distribution (e.g. anti-vaccine and anti-surveillance motivations); the unique cybercultural aspects of this online illicit network (e.g. ‘crowdsourcing’ the creation of fake vaccine passes); and how the online community was used to share information on the risks of engaging in this illicit service, setting the appropriate contexts of using fake vaccine passes, and the evasion of guardians in offline settings. Implications for future research in cybercrime, illicit networks, and organised crime in digital spaces are discussed.
Introducing mobile apps to promote the well-being of German and Italian university students. A cross-national application of the Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Paganin Giulia , Apolinário-Hagen Jennifer , Simbula Silvia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStress represents a significant risk factor for several psychophysical diseases among college students, such as depression and anxiety, which may undermine their academic functioning, resulting in high drop rates from college. Nevertheless, university services for mental health promotion are typically underutilized. As a result, professionals and authorities strive to find new ways to address students' mental health needs. In this view, mobile apps seem appropriate for well-being promotion interventions. Drawing on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which is the most widely used theory on users' intention to use technologies, we assumed that perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) would be positively related to intention to use (INT), and PEOU would be positively related to PU among both Italian and German university students. To test our hypotheses, we replicated the same cross-sectional study in Italy (n = 255) and Germany (n = 228) with university students. Although we found partial scalar invariance of the TAM dimensions across the two nations, our predictions were only partially confirmed: PEOU was positively related to PU in the Italian sample only. Overall, this study is one of the first empirical attempts to compare TAM cross-nationally within the European context and it contributes to the small but increasing body of research investigating students’ acceptance of smartphone-based interventions for stress management and well-being promotion. Understanding mobile health acceptance could help universities increase students’ chances of adopting the proposed services, considering the factors influencing this choice.
The Relative Index Theorem for General First-Order Elliptic Operators
Authors: Bandara Lashi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe relative index theorem is proved for general first-order elliptic operators that are complete and coercive at infinity over measured manifolds. This extends the original result by Gromov–Lawson for generalised Dirac operators as well as the result of Bär–Ballmann for Dirac-type operators. The theorem is seen through the point of view of boundary value problems, using the graphical decomposition of elliptically regular boundary conditions for general first-order elliptic operators due to Bär–Bandara. Splitting, decomposition and the Phi-relative index theorem are proved on route to the relative index theorem.
A Fundamental Condition for Harmonic Analysis in Anisotropic Generalized Orlicz Spaces
Authors: Hästö Peter A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAnisotropic generalized Orlicz spaces have been investigated in many recent papers, but the basic assumptions are not as well understood as in the isotropic case. We study the greatest convex minorant of anisotropic $$\Phi $$
Φ
-functions and prove the equivalence of two widely used conditions in the theory of generalized Orlicz spaces, usually called (A1) and (M). This provides a more natural and easily verifiable condition for use in the theory of anisotropic generalized Orlicz spaces for results such as Jensen’s inequality which we obtain as a corollary.
Weak Solutions to Monge–Ampère Type Equations on Compact Hermitian Manifold with Boundary
Authors: Kołodziej Sławomir , Nguyen Ngoc Cuong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe prove the bounded subsolution theorem for the complex Monge–Ampère type equation, with the right-hand side being a positive Radon measure, on a compact Hermitian manifold with boundary.
Axially Harmonic Functions and the Harmonic Functional Calculus on the S-spectrum
Authors: Colombo Fabrizio , De Martino Antonino , Pinton Stefano , Sabadini Irene 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe spectral theory on theS-spectrum was introduced to give an appropriate mathematical setting to quaternionic quantum mechanics, but it was soon realized that there were different applications of this theory, for example, to fractional heat diffusion and to the spectral theory for the Dirac operator on manifolds. In this seminal paper we introduce the harmonic functional calculus based on theS-spectrum and on an integral representation of axially harmonic functions. This calculus can be seen as a bridge between harmonic analysis and the spectral theory. The resolvent operator of the harmonic functional calculus is the commutative version of the pseudoS-resolvent operator. This new calculus also appears, in a natural way, in the product rule for theF-functional calculus.
Het meten van een brede benadering van gezondheid vraagt een brede aanpak in wetenschappelijk onderzoek
Authors: Nahar-van Venrooij Lenny M. W. , Timmers Janine 
Published: October 2022

SamenvattingSteeds meer instellingen passen het door Huber en collega’s geïntroduceerde brede en dynamische concept van gezondheid ‘de mogelijkheid je aan te passen en eigen regie te voeren’ toe. Dit wordt ook wel Positieve Gezondheid genoemd. Hierdoor ontstond de behoefte om de impact van werken vanuit dit concept te meten. Er is hiervoor echter nog geen gevalideerd meetinstrument beschikbaar. Om dit hiaat te overbruggen werden in het Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis aanbevelingen voor onderzoekers opgesteld, die in dit artikel worden beschreven. Idealiter wordt het mixed-methods-onderzoeksontwerp ingezet, met als uitkomstmaten aspecten van ervaren gezondheid in brede zin en persoonsgerichte zorg.
Flow rate improvements in additively manufactured flow channels suitable for rocket engine application
Authors: Buchholz Maximilian , Gruber Samira , Selbmann Alex , Marquardt Axel , Meier Lucas , Müller Michael , Seifert Lukas , Leyens Christoph , Tajmar Martin , Bach Christian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis contribution describes the investigation of flow channels which are designed to be directly integrated into an aerospike engine by means of additive manufacturing with laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). During the experimental testing of a previous aerospike engine in 2019, it was observed that high surface roughness of such additively manufactured integrated channels caused a significant reduction in the mass flow rates of the propellants ethanol and liquid oxygen as well as the coolant due to increased pressure drop. In an extensive study within the CFDmikroSAT project, various factors influencing this surface roughness are, therefore, being investigated, which include the geometry of the channels as well as selected manufacturing parameters of the LPBF process, such as layer thickness and component orientation. To further reduce the roughness after manufacturing, suitable post-processing methods are also being investigated for internal cavities, initially analysing the abrasive flow machining process. Within the paper, the overall investigation approach is presented, such as the overview of the considered specimens, and the initial results of a various studies with selected specimens are discussed. These studies consist of the examination of surface roughness reduction, shape accuracy and flow behaviour of post-processed cooling channel specimens. Finally, a brief overview of the already manufactured aerospike demonstrator is presented.
Construction and dynamic identification of aeroelastic test models for flexible roofs
Authors: Rizzo Fabio , Sadhu Ayan , Abasi Ali , Pistol Aleksander , Flaga Łukasz , Venanzi Ilaria , Ubertini Filippo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The aeroelastic wind tunnel testing of flexible roofs made of hyperbolic paraboloid cable nets is a challenging task for designers and researchers, with very limited documented experiences in the literature. The reduced-scale model construction and its dynamic identification are the main issues to address when approaching this problem, mainly because of (i) the very small mass of the roof, (ii) the strict aeroelastic criteria to satisfy and (iii) a large number of very closely spaced significant natural frequencies. To suggest an approach to follow to investigate the wind—structure interaction for this structural typology, this paper discusses the aeroelastic scaling, the aeroelastic model construction, the dynamic modal identification and the FEM predictive numerical modelling of hyperbolic paraboloid roofs (HPRs) with square, rectangular and circular plan shapes and two different curvatures. Modal identification is especially challenging due to the presence of several closely spaced modes and it is here tackled by different methods such as Welch’s method, random decrement technique (RDT), Empirical mode decomposition with a time-varying filter (TVF-EMD) and frequency domain decomposition method (FDD). The satisfying accuracy of the aeroelastic scaling has been verified by comparing the wind-induced vertical displacements of the prototypes against those of the experimental models. Furthermore, an extensive qualitative investigation of the natural mode shapes has been carried out revealing that test models reproduce most of the prototype modes.
Advances of LINAC-based boron neutron capture therapy in Korea
Authors: Bae Young-soon , Kim Dong-Su , Seo Hyo Jung , Han Je-Un , Yoon Hyung Jin , Hwang Jung Jin , Kim Ju Jin , Woo Byung Hyo , Kim Hyo Jin , Jang Yoo Soon , Han Seok Chang , Kim Woong Hee , Kang Do Goo , Seo Hyun Jin , Lee Soo Young , Jeon Sang June , Yi Jungyu , Lee Jeongwoo , Seo Il Hyeok , Kim Se Hyun , Kim Woo Hyoung , Park Na Hyung , Lee Myeng Hyun , Bae Sung June , Lee Seung Hoon , Cho Gyu Ho , Kim Seong Han , Moon Seong Hwan , Lee Min Kyu , Choi Jae Won , Lee Kyu Young , Huh Dong Seok , Kim Dong Woo , Min Kyung June , Yoon Hyoung Min , Kyung Hyunhye , Yang Jieun , Na Dasom , Lee Sangbong , Han Jaehwan , Kwak Yongho , Lee Sei-Young , Nam Joo Young , Choi Byung-Ho , Moon Young-Kwan , Do Won , Yoo Mooyoung , Park Sun-Sun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBoron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has been attracting interest as a new radiation modality for cancer therapy because it can selectively destroy cancer cells while maintaining the healthy state of surrounding normal cells. Many experimental trials have demonstrated significant BNCT treatment efficacy using neutron beams from research reactors. However, nuclear reactor technology cannot be scaled to sites in hospitals delivering patient treatment. Therefore, compact accelerator-based neutron sources that could be installed in many hospitals are under development or have even been commissioned at many facilities around the world. In Korea, a radio-frequency (RF) linac-based BNCT (A-BNCT) facility is under development by DawonMedax (DM). It provides the highly efficient production of an epithermal neutron beam with an optimized neutron energy spectrum range of 0.1~10 keV. With a 2-mA 10-MeV proton beam from the accelerator, the irradiation port epithermal neutron flux is higher than 1 × 109 n/cm2⋅s. Comprehensive verification and validation of the system have been conducted with the measurement of both proton and neutron beam characteristics. Significant therapeutic effects from BNCT have been confirmed by DM in both in vitro and in vivo non-clinical trials. Further, during exposure to epithermal neutrons, all other unintended radiation is controlled to levels meeting International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) recommendations. Recently, the Korean FDA has accepted an investigational new drug (IND) and the first-in-human clinical trial of BNCT is now being prepared. This paper introduces the principles of BNCT and accelerator-based neutron sources for BNCT and reports the recent advances of DM A-BNCT facility which is the main part of this paper.
Becoming an Archaeologist
Authors: Flatman Joseph 
Published: October 2022

Becoming an Archaeologist: A Guide to Professional Pathways is an engaging handbook on career paths in archaeology. It outlines the process of getting a job in archaeology, including various career options, the training required, and how to get positions in the academic, commercial, government and charity sectors. This new edition has been substantially revised and updated. The coverage has been expanded to include many more examples of archaeological lives and livelihoods from dozens of countries around the world. It also has more interviews, with in-depth analyses of the career paths of over twenty different archaeologists working around the world. Data on the demographics of archaeologists has also been updated, as have sections on access to and inclusion in archaeology. The volume also includes revised and updated appendices and a new bibliography. Written in an accessible style, the book is essential reading for anyone interested in a career in archaeology in the twenty-first century.
Responsibility of Private Individuals for Complicity in a War of Aggression
Authors: Hajdin Nikola R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe crime of aggression requires that the perpetrator be in a position effectively to exercise control over—or to direct—the political or military action of a state. This requirement, called the “leadership clause,” has led to the view that private individuals are excluded from criminal responsibility because they lack the necessary authority over the state policy. In this Essay, I argue against this dominant view and outline an analytical framework for criminal complicity in a war of aggression.
Ukrainian Refugees, Race, and International Law's Choice Between Order and Justice
Authors: Jackson Sow Marissa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe resurgence of racist rhetoric and policies concerning people fleeing the war in Ukraine serves as a reminder that the ostensible goals of the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and 1967 Protocol are regularly eschewed by states making decisions about how to allocate grants of asylum. This Essay makes the claim that racial tiering of protection-seekers demonstrates that states use international refugee law to negotiate their national whiteness contracts and to secure racially hegemonic geopolitical ordering.
Communication strategy use of EFL learners in videoconferencing, virtual world and face-to-face environments
Authors: Cirit-Işıklıgil Nazlı Ceren , Sadler Randall W. , Arıca-Akkök Elif 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the communication strategy (CS) use of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners in videoconferencing (VC), virtual world (VW), and face-to-face environments. The study was conducted with 30 senior Turkish undergraduate EFL students. The data were collected via video and audio recordings of three opinion-exchange tasks, a background and post-task questionnaire, and an interview that includes a retrospective think-aloud protocol. The participants worked in groups of five to complete the opinion-exchange tasks in each of the three environments. The findings indicated that the participants made use of a wide range of CSs, and although some of the CSs differed, mostly the same types were employed in all the environments. However, the results revealed that the frequency of CSs showed variance among environments, with the highest number in the VC environment and the lowest in the VW. It was possible to establish a connection between the differences in the frequency and the types of strategy use with the distinctive features of the environments, the proficiency level of the participants, and the type of the tasks that was utilized. Additively, 10 new strategy types were discovered.
Recovery and genome reconstruction of novel magnetotactic Elusimicrobiota from bog soil
Authors: Uzun Maria , Koziaeva Veronika , Dziuba Marina , Alekseeva Lolita , Krutkina Maria , Sukhacheva Marina , Baslerov Roman , Grouzdev Denis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Studying the minor part of the uncultivated microbial majority (“rare biosphere”) is difficult even with modern culture-independent techniques. The enormity of microbial diversity creates particular challenges for investigating low-abundance microbial populations in soils. Strategies for selective sample enrichment to reduce community complexity can aid in studying the rare biosphere. Magnetotactic bacteria, apart from being a minor part of the microbial community, are also found in poorly studied bacterial phyla and certainly belong to a rare biosphere. The presence of intracellular magnetic crystals within magnetotactic bacteria allows for their significant enrichment using magnetic separation techniques for studies using a metagenomic approach. This work investigated the microbial diversity of a black bog soil and its magnetically enriched fraction. The poorly studied phylum representatives in the magnetic fraction were enriched compared to the original soil community. Two new magnetotactic species, Candidatus Liberimonas magnetica DUR002 and Candidatus Obscuribacterium magneticum DUR003, belonging to different classes of the relatively little-studied phylum Elusimicrobiota, were proposed. Their genomes contain clusters of magnetosome genes that differ from the previously described ones by the absence of genes encoding magnetochrome-containing proteins and the presence of unique Elusimicrobiota-specific genes, termed mae. The predicted obligately fermentative metabolism in DUR002 and lack of flagellar motility in the magnetotactic Elusimicrobiota broadens our understanding of the lifestyles of magnetotactic bacteria and raises new questions about the evolutionary advantages of magnetotaxis. The findings presented here increase our understanding of magnetotactic bacteria, soil microbial communities, and the rare biosphere.
Mutated lncRNA increase the risk of type 2 diabetes by promoting β cell dysfunction and insulin resistance
Authors: Guo Wan-Hui , Guo Qi , Liu Ya-Lin , Yan Dan-Dan , Jin Li , Zhang Rong , Yan Jing , Luo Xiang-Hang , Yang Mi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIslet β cell dysfunction and insulin resistance are the main pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the mechanism remains unclear. Here we identify a rs3819316 C > T mutation in lncRNA Reg1cp mainly expressed in islets associated with an increased risk of T2D. Analyses in 16,113 Chinese adults reveal that Mut-Reg1cp individuals had higher incidence of T2D and presented impaired insulin secretion as well as increased insulin resistance. Mice with islet β cell specific Mut-Reg1cp knock-in have more severe β cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Mass spectrometry assay of proteins after RNA pulldown demonstrate that Mut-Reg1cp directly binds to polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1), further immunofluorescence staining, western blot analysis, qPCR analysis and glucose stimulated insulin secretion test reveal that Mut-Reg1cp disrupts the stabilization of insulin mRNA by inhibiting the phosphorylation of PTBP1 in β cells. Furthermore, islet derived exosomes transfer Mut-Reg1cp into peripheral tissue, which then promote insulin resistance by inhibiting AdipoR1 translation and adiponectin signaling. Our findings identify a novel mutation in lncRNA involved in the pathogenesis of T2D, and reveal a new mechanism for the development of T2D.
Cryo-EM structure of an ATTRwt amyloid fibril from systemic non-hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
Authors: Steinebrei Maximilian , Gottwald Juliane , Baur Julian , Röcken Christoph , Hegenbart Ute , Schönland Stefan , Schmidt Matthias 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWild type transthyretin-derived amyloid (ATTRwt) is the major component of non-hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. Its accumulation in the heart of elderly patients is life threatening. A variety of genetic variants of transthyretin can lead to hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis, which shows different clinical symptoms, like age of onset and pattern of organ involvement. However, in the case of non-hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis ATTRwt fibril deposits are located primarily in heart tissue. In this structural study we analyzed ATTRwt amyloid fibrils from the heart of a patient with non-hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. We present a 2.78 Å reconstructed density map of these ATTRwt fibrils using cryo electron microscopy and compare it with previously published V30M variants of ATTR fibrils extracted from heart and eye of different patients. All structures show a remarkably similar spearhead like shape in their cross section, formed by the same N- and C-terminal fragments of transthyretin with some minor differences. This demonstrates common features for ATTR fibrils despite differences in mutations and patients.
Impacts of shared mobility on vehicle lifetimes and on the carbon footprint of electric vehicles
Authors: Morfeldt Johannes , Johansson Daniel J. A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractShared cars will likely have larger annual vehicle driving distances than individually owned cars. This may accelerate passenger car retirement. Here we develop a semi-empirical lifetime-driving intensity model using statistics on Swedish vehicle retirement. This semi-empirical model is integrated with a carbon footprint model, which considers future decarbonization pathways. In this work, we show that the carbon footprint depends on the cumulative driving distance, which depends on both driving intensity and calendar aging. Higher driving intensities generally result in lower carbon footprints due to increased cumulative driving distance over the vehicle’s lifetime. Shared cars could decrease the carbon footprint by about 41% in 2050, if one shared vehicle replaces ten individually owned vehicles. However, potential empty travel by autonomous shared vehicles—the additional distance traveled to pick up passengers—may cause carbon footprints to increase. Hence, vehicle durability and empty travel should be considered when designing low-carbon car sharing systems.