bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
American Plum Borer Control on Almonds, 1983
Authors: Steenwyk R. A. Van , Hendricks L. C. , Barclay L. W. , Younce E. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tests were conducted in a commercial almond (3rd leaf) orchard in Livingston, Calif. Six treatments were replicated 10 times using a randomized complete block design. Each replicate consisted of an individual tree. Materials were applied to the trunk from the ground to the secondary branches with a Hudson hand-held sprayer on 29 June. All materials were applied at 9.4 gal of spray mixture per acre. Infestations were evaluated by counting the number of active feeding sites or frass piles per tree. Frass piles were removed after counting. On 19 July, 10 to 15 larvae were collected from trees outside the plot. All were identified as American plum borer.
Bayberry Whitefly Control on Lemons, 1981
Authors: Walker G. P. , Carman G. E. , Pappas J. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Plots were located in Corona, Calif, and were three rows of trees; evaluations came from the middle row. Tree spacing was 20 by 20 ft. Experimental design was completely randomized. Three compounds were tested on five application schedules. Treatments were evaluated by counting adult whiteflies on 5 terminals from each of 10 trees per plot.
Bayberry Whitefly Control on Lemons, 1982
Authors: Walker G. P. , Carman G. E. , Fappas J. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Plots were located in Irvine, Calif, and were three rows of trees; evaluations came from the middle row. Tree spacing was 14 by 22 ft. Experimental design was randomized block with three blocks. Trees were short (ca. 12 ft) and there was considerable overlap in the spray pattern from 2.5 to 5.5 ft above ground. Each treatment was evaluated by counting the number of adult whiteflies on eight terminals from each of five trees per plot. This test also evaluated the rates of Pounce as well as the inclusion of oil or Citrufilm (Helena Chemical Co., Memphis, Tenn.) and the transformed data (logx+1) were analysed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s multiple range test. Three unsprayed control plots were included in the experiment but not in the randomized complete block. They were located 10 rows away from the main experiment to prevent them from becoming a source of reinfestation to any of the insecticide treated plots and to avoid the effect of insecticide drift into the unsprayed plots. The precount, based on pooling samples from 826 terminals on 18 and 20 Oct. was 13.3 adults per terminal. At the time of the test, the whitefly adult population was in a period of natural decline so that by 7 weeks after insecticide application the unsprayed plots had the lowest populations. It is not certain if the cause of this decline was biological control, weather or some other factor(s). Significant interactions in ANOVA of the main effects confused the analysis on all but the 22 Nov. data so the data were evaluated by plotting the mean and standard error of each plot.
Predicting density-dependent somatic growth in Norwegian spring-spawning herring
Authors: Stenevik Erling Kåre , Hølleland Sondre , Enberg Katja , Høines Åge , Salthaug Are , Slotte Aril , Vatnehol Sindre , Aanes Sondre 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Density-dependent growth, which might influence the effects of fisheries on a population, is often ignored when management strategies are evaluated, mainly due to a lack of appropriate models readily available to be implemented. To improve on this, we investigated if somatic growth in Norwegian spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus) depends on cohort density using a formulation of the von Bertalanffy growth function on cohorts from 1921 to 2014 and found a significant negative correlation between estimated asymptotic length and density. This clearly indicates density-dependent effects on growth, and we propose a model that can be used to predict the size-at-age of Norwegian spring-spawning herring as a function of herring density (the abundance of two successive cohorts) in short-term predictions of catch advice, and in Management strategy evaluations, including estimation of their reference points such as FMSY.
Spiny lobsters prefer native prey over range-extending invasive urchins
Authors: Smith Jennifer E , Keane John , Mundy Craig , Gardner Caleb , Oellermann Michael 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Climate change increases the need to control range-extending species, which adversely impact their recipient ecosystem. Increasing populations of resident predators may be effective to counter such range-extension, but only if they consume the novel invaders at sufficient rates. In South-East Australia, poleward range-extending Longspined Sea Urchins (Centrostephanus rodgersii) are causing catastrophic ecological habitat transition to extensive urchin barrens. Tasmanian native Southern Rock Lobster (Jasus edwardsii) is a potential predator that could control further urchin expansion. Experimental feeding trials showed that range-extending Longspined Sea Urchins are the least preferred prey choice for Southern Rock Lobsters (3.8% predation events), when compared to three local species: abalone, urchins, and snails (36.6, 32.6, and 27%). Interestingly, habitat origin and naivete of lobsters to urchins affected urchin consumption with 85% being consumed by lobsters originating from urchin barrens. Low predation rates on Longspined Sea Urchin suggest that resident lobsters are unlikely to control further barren expansion unless a behavioural shift occurs. Results imply that potential control of Longspined Sea Urchins by Southern Rock Lobsters has previously been overestimated. Additional control methods are needed to safeguard ecological communities and important commercial stocks from this climate change-induced, range-extending pest species.
A Characterization of a Finite-Dimensional Commuting Square Producing a Subfactor of Finite Depth
Authors: Kawahigashi Yasuyuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe give a characterization of a finite-dimensional commuting square of $C^*$-algebras with a normalized trace that produces a hyperfinite type II$_1$ subfactor of finite index and finite depth in terms of Morita equivalent unitary fusion categories. This type of commuting squares was studied by N. Sato and we show that a slight generalization of his construction covers the fully general case of such commuting squares. We also give a characterization of such a commuting square that produces a given hyperfinite type II$_1$ subfactor of finite index and finite depth. These results also give a characterization of certain 4-tensors that appear in recent studies of matrix product operators in 2D topological order.
Driving Impairment Cases Involving Flualprazolam
Authors: Youso Kimberly B , Osawa Kei A , Divine Marina L , Rohrig Timothy P 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Flualprazolam is a novel psychoactive substance in the benzodiazepine class that is increasing in prevalence in the USA. This study describes 19 cases of drivers stopped for impaired driving where flualprazolam was detected. This represents ∼9% of the total cases submitted to the Sedgwick County Regional Forensic Science Center toxicology laboratory between July 2019 and May 2020. Blood concentrations of flualprazolam ranged from 4 to 69 ng/mL, with mean and median concentrations of 20.9 ng/mL and 15 ng/mL, respectively. The increased prevalence in which laboratories are detecting flualprazolam along with the low concentrations necessary for pharmacological effects illustrates the importance of laboratories to remain vigilant in testing for novel psychoactive substances.
The pleiotropic roles of cGAS–STING signaling in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Li Jun , Bakhoum Samuel F 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cytosolic DNA is prevalent in cells constituting the tumor microenvironment (TME) and can activate the cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) innate immune pathway. The initiation, transmission, and execution of the cGAS–STING pathway can take place among different cell types within the TME and thus cGAS–STING may play opposing roles in driving tumor progression in addition to its tumor cell-intrinsic role. Herein, we review recent advances in the cGAS–STING field with a focus on its crosstalk with other signaling pathways in the TME. Future efforts to depict a more detailed picture of the roles of cGAS–STING signaling in the TME will help design a better cancer treatment regime by targeting the cGAS–STING pathway more precisely.
Temporal Correlation Between Urban Microclimate, Vector Mosquito Abundance, and Dengue Cases
Authors: Faridah Lia , Fauziah Nisa , Agustian Dwi , Mindra Jaya I Gede Nyoman , Eka Putra Ramadhani , Ekawardhani Savira , Hidayath Nurrachman , Damar Djati Imam , Carvajal Thaddeus M , Mayasari Wulan , Ruluwedrata Rinawan Fedri , Watanabe Kozo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a major mosquito-borne viral disease. Studies have reported a strong correlation between weather, the abundance of Aedes aegypti, the vector of DHF virus, and dengue incidence. However, this conclusion has been based on the general climate pattern of wide regions. In general, however, the human population, level of infrastructure, and land-use change in rural and urban areas often produce localized climate patterns that may influence the interaction between climate, vector abundance, and dengue incidence. Thoroughly understanding this correlation will allow the development of a customized and precise local early warning system. To achieve this purpose, we conducted a cohort study, during January-December 2017, in 16 districts in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. In the selected areas, local weather stations and modified light mosquito traps were set up to obtain data regarding daily weather and the abundance of adult female Ae. aegypti. A generalized linear model was applied to analyze the effect of local weather and female adult Ae. aegypti on the number of dengue cases. The result showed a significant non-linear correlation among mosquito abundance, maximum temperature, and dengue cases. Using our model, the data showed that the addition of a single adult Ae. aegypti mosquito increased the risk of dengue infection by 1.8%, while increasing the maximum temperature by one degree decreased the risk by 17%. This finding suggests specific actionable insights needed to supplement existing mosquito eradication programs.
Patronage and ideology: A corpus-assisted investigation of Eileen Chang’s style of translating herself and the other
Authors: Chen Fengde , Li Defeng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEileen Chang, a Chinese literary giant, was also a translator who translated both herself and other novelists. This study investigates Chang’s translator style by examining her Chinese translations of two successful English novels, The Rice-Sprout Song written by herself and The Yearling by Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, adopting a corpus-assisted approach, supplemented with some qualitative analysis. Significant differences were found in Chang’s translations of these two novels. Chang’s self-translation was found to be close to her style of creative Chinese writing, though not without exception. It was further found that emotional particles and a Chinese conjunction ‘yinwei’ served as Chang’s approach to render her mannerism. The hallmarks of Chang’s translations could be traced to her own views on literature and translation alongside the ideological and socio-cultural motivations in her times.
MOVES – V. Modelling star–planet magnetic interactions of HD 189733
Authors: Strugarek A , Fares R , Bourrier V , Brun A S , Réville V , Amari T , Helling Ch , Jardine M , Llama J , Moutou C , Vidotto A A , Wheatley P J , Zarka P 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Magnetic interactions between stars and close-in planets may lead to a detectable signal on the stellar disc. HD 189733 is one of the key exosystems thought to harbour magnetic interactions, which may have been detected in 2013 August. We present a set of 12 wind models at that period, covering the possible coronal states and coronal topologies of HD 189733 at that time. We assess the power available for the magnetic interaction and predict its temporal modulation. By comparing the predicted signal with the observed signal, we find that some models could be compatible with an interpretation based on star–planet magnetic interactions. We also find that the observed signal can be explained only with a stretch-and-break interaction mechanism, while that the Alfvén wings scenario cannot deliver enough power. We finally demonstrate that the past observational cadence of HD 189733 leads to a detection rate of only between 12 and 23 per cent, which could explain why star–planet interactions have been hard to detect in past campaigns. We conclude that the firm confirmation of their detection will require dedicated spectroscopic observations covering densely the orbital and rotation period, combined with scarcer spectropolarimetric observations to assess the concomitant large-scale magnetic topology of the star.
An extended and fragmented Alfvén zone in the Young Solar Wind
Authors: Chhiber Rohit , Matthaeus William H , Usmanov Arcadi V , Bandyopadhyay Riddhi , Goldstein Melvyn L 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTMotivated by theoretical, numerical, and observational evidence, we explore the possibility that the critical transition between sub-Alfvénic flow and super-Alfvénic flow in the solar atmosphere takes place in fragmented and disconnected subvolumes within a general Alfvén critical zone. The initial observations of sub-Alfvénic periods by Parker Solar Probe near 16 R⊙ do not yet provide sufficient evidence to distinguish this possibility from that of a folded surface that separates simply connected regions. Subsequent orbits may well enable such a distinction, but here we use a global magnetohydrodynamic model of the solar wind, coupled to a turbulence transport model, to generate possible realizations of such an Alfvén critical zone. Understanding this transition will inform theories of coronal heating, solar wind origin, solar angular momentum loss, and related physical processes in stellar winds beyond the Sun.
Identifying Geographic Areas of Washington, DC, With Increased Potential for Sexual HIV Transmission Among People With HIV With STIs and Concurrent Elevated HIV RNA: Data From the DC Cohort
Authors: Byrne Morgan , Akselrod Hana , Monroe Anne K , Horberg Michael , Lucar Jose , Castel Amanda D , Denyer Rachel , Doshi Rupali , Secco Alessandra , Squires Leah , Schroeter Stefanie , Benator Debra 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
The Undetectable = Untransmittable (U = U) campaign advances the goal of ending the HIV epidemic by promoting durable viral suppression and therefore reducing sexual transmission. We used geospatial analysis to assess the potential for sexual HIV transmission by ZIP code of residence in the District of Columbia (DC) using data from the DC Cohort Longitudinal HIV Study (DC Cohort), a city-wide cohort of persons with HIV (PWH).

Methods
DC Cohort participants aged ≥13 years were included in the study period between April 1, 2016, and March 31, 2018. Potential for sexual HIV transmission was defined as the proportion of participants with incident sexually transmitted infection (STI; gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis) and with HIV RNA ≥200 copies/mL from 9 months before to 3 months after STI diagnosis. We performed geographic information system (GIS) analysis to determine the ZIP codes with the highest potential for sexual HIV transmission.

Results
Of 3467 participants, 367 (10.6%) had at least 1 incident STI, with 89.4% residing in 11 of the 20 residential ZIP codes in DC. Of the 367 participants with an incident STI, at least 1 HIV RNA was available for 348 (94.8%). Ninety-seven (27.9%) individuals with an incident STI had HIV RNA ≥200 copies/mL in the defined time window. Of these 97, 66 (68.0%) resided in 5 of the 20 DC ZIP codes.

Conclusions
In DC, 5 ZIP codes of residence accounted for the majority of the estimated potential for HIV transmission among participants in the DC Cohort. These results support focused neighborhood-level interventions to help end the HIV epidemic.
Asystole in a COVID-19 patient without systemic illness: a case report
Authors: Needleman Joseph S , Anderson Wesley L , Gray Mitchell T , Tanawuttiwat Tanya , Bateman Pantila V 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
There is growing evidence that patients with severe systemic illness from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are at risk for developing a variety of cardiac arrhythmias. Less is known about patients with milder symptoms. Here, we report on the case of a 62-year-old male, admitted to the hospital following an episode of syncope, who experienced multiple episodes of cardiac arrest due to asystole lasting up to 30 seconds. History revealed a recent asymptomatic COVID-19 infection, and recurrent episodes of prolonged asystole necessitated permanent pacemaker placement. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an asymptomatic COVID-19 patient experiencing prolonged asystole. Cardiac arrhythmias in asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic COVID-19 patients may be underestimated.
When cardiology meets endocrinology: sustained atrial flutter associated with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis
Authors: Sanchez-Nadales Alejandro , Celis-Barreto Valentina , Diaz-Sierra Alejandra , Sanchez-Nadales Andres , Lewis Antonio , Sleiman Jose 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Periodic paralysis is a rare muscle disease that manifests as episodes of painless muscle weakness, and the hypokalemic form is commonly associated with hyperthyroidism. Most tachyarrhythmias related with thyrotoxicosis include sinus tachycardia and atrial fibrillation, but an association between thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis and typical atrial flutter has seldomly been documented. Here, we present the case of a young male who was diagnosed with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis causing cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent atrial flutter, successfully treated with diltiazem, propranolol, methimazole, potassium iodine (SSK) and rivaroxaban.
Health reforms and policy capacity: the Canadian experience
Authors: Denis Jean-Louis , Usher Susan , Préval Johanne 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent work on health system strengthening suggests that a combination of leadership and policy capacity is essential to achieve transformation and improvement. Policy capacity and leadership are mutually constitutive but difficult to assemble in a coherent and consistent way. Our paper relies on the nested model of policy capacity to empirically explore how health reformers in seven Canadian provinces address the question of policy capacity. More specifically, we look at emerging representations of policy capacity within the context of health reforms between 1990 and 2020. Based on the exploration of the scientific and grey literature (legislation, annual reports of Ministries, agencies and organizations, meeting minutes, press, etc.) and interviews with key informants (n = 54), we identify how policy capacity is considered and framed within health reforms A series of core dilemmas emerge from attempts by each province to develop policy capacity for and through health reforms.
Adverse driving behaviors are associated with sleep apnea severity and age in cognitively normal older adults at risk for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Doherty Jason M , Roe Catherine M , Murphy Samantha A , Johnson Ann M , Fleischer Ella , Toedebusch Cristina D , Redrick Tiara , Freund David , Morris John C , Schindler Suzanne E , Fagan Anne M , Holtzman David M , Lucey Brendan P , Babulal Ganesh M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology accumulates for decades before the onset of cognitive decline. Cognitively normal individuals with biomarker evidence of AD brain pathology (i.e. biomarker + or preclinical AD) can be differentiated from individuals without AD brain pathology based on naturalistic driving data, such as hard acceleration or braking and speeding, measured using in-vehicle dataloggers. Older adults are at increased risk of injury and death from motor vehicle crashes and driving cessation is also linked to negative health outcomes. Identifying potentially modifiable risk factors that increase driving risk may prolong safe driving in old age. Sleep apnea is associated with adverse driving behaviors across the age span. In this study, we hypothesized that high-risk driving behaviors would be associated with increased sleep apnea severity and AD pathology. We found that higher sleep apnea severity measured by a home sleep apnea test was associated with a higher incidence of adverse driving behaviors even after controlling for multiple confounders (β = 0.24 ± 0.09, p &lt; 0.01). This association was independent of AD biomarker positivity (i.e. increased t-tau/Aβ 42 ratio). Increasing age was associated with a higher likelihood of high-risk driving behaviors in individuals with AD brain pathology (β = 0.12 ± 0.04, p &lt; 0.01), but a lower likelihood in individuals without AD brain pathology (β = −0.06 ± 0.03, p &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that adverse driving behaviors linked to a higher rate of traffic crashes in older adults are associated with sleep apnea severity and AD pathology even in cognitively unimpaired individuals. Further studies are needed to determine if treatment of sleep apnea decreases high-risk driving behaviors and therefore motor vehicle crashes.
In the footsteps of Albert Calmette: an ecological study of TB, leprosy and potential exposure to wild-type Mycobacterium bovis
Authors: Pépin Jacques , Fox Aicha , LeBlanc Louiselle , De Wals Philippe , Rousseau Marie-Claude 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
One hundred years ago, Albert Calmette developed an avirulent strain of Mycobacterium bovis, but there is no evidence that his BCG strain was more immunogenic than wild-type M. bovis. Geographic variations in BCG efficacy remain ill-understood. We hypothesized that exposure to M. bovis through unpasteurized milk might protect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae.

Methods
After excluding high-income countries (with universal milk pasteurization) and microstates, an ecological study comprising 113 countries was conducted. National data were obtained from United Nations agencies and international organizations about milk production per capita (1980–1999) as a proxy for exposure to wild-type M. bovis, TB (2000–2019) and leprosy (2005–2019) incidence, HIV prevalence (2000–2019), human development index (2010), global hunger index (2010), neonatal BCG coverage (1980–1999), urbanization (2000) and temperature (1990–2020). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed using log-transformed variables.

Results
For TB, the association differed by region. An inverse association with milk production was seen in regions outside, but not within, sub-Saharan Africa, after adjustment for confounders. The incidence of leprosy was inversely associated with milk production when combining all countries, but the association was stronger in sub-Saharan Africa.

Conclusions
Exposure to wild-type M. bovis through unpasteurized milk may provide cross-protection against M. tuberculosis and M. leprae and contribute to geographic disparities in BCG efficacy. This needs to be confirmed by individual-level studies.