bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN CRISPR-CAS SYSTEM SEBAGAI SOLUSI MENGHADAPI RESISTENSI ANTIMIKROBA PADA BAKTERI
Authors: Soetedjo Robby , Alexander Leonardo , Tobian Nikolaus 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Resistensi antimikroba merupakan masalah global akibat pemakaian antibiotik yang berlebihan dan tidak rasional sehingga mengeliminasi kuman patogen dan flora normal dalam tubuh. Hal ini memicu terbentuknya bakteri yang multiresisten terhadap berbagai antibiotik. WHO memperkirakan angka kematian global akibat resistensi antimikroba telah mencapai 700.000/tahun dan biaya yang harus dikeluarkan agar fasilitas kesehatan bisa mengatasi resistensi antimikroba diperkirakan sekitar 1,5 miliar dollar/tahun. Selain antibiotik, banyak terapi inovatif yang dapat diterapkan dalam menghadapi bakteri AMR (Antimicrobial Resistance) contohnya adalah CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) yang telah terbukti dapat digunakan untuk menarget gen-gen dari bakteri patogen seperti mengkode formasi biofilm, faktor virulensi, atau khususnya resistensi antimikroba. Target yang dituju ini juga spesifik tanpa mempengaruhi flora normal lainnya sehingga bisa menjadi pilihan utama dalam mengobati penyakit akibat resistensi antimikroba.
Pembahasan: Studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa terapi CRISPR disertai dengan CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) terbukti mampu melakukan genome editing dengan memotong gen-gen yang berperan dalam faktor virulensi, metabolisme, dan enzim resistensi antimikroba seperti gen bla, sul2, dan mcr-1 secara in vivo maupun in vitro sehingga bakteri resisten seperti Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, dan Shewanella algae dapat tereliminasi atau menjadi sensitif kembali terhadap antibiotik yang awalnya diberikan sebelum terapi CRISPR dilakukan. CRISPR-Cas9 juga bisa berfungsi sebagai pengendali ekspresi gen dengan cara mengaktivasi atau menghambat ekspresi gen tersebut menggunakan memodifikasi Cas9 menjadi dCas9 serta dapat dijadikan aplikasi dalam metode FLASH untuk mendeteksi sequence dengan jumlah sampel yang sedikit.
Simpulan: Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi CRISPR berbasis Cas9 berpotensi menjadi andalan untuk terapi resistensi antimikroba.
Infeksi Virus Corona 2019 (COVID-19) pada Wanita Hamil : Analisa Pustaka Mekanisme Infeksi dan Pengaruh Pengobatan terhadap Kehamilan
Authors: Hidayah Nurul , Indriani Susan , Rahmatika Farida 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Coronavirus is a virus that affects the respiratory tract. It causes mild to severe symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath / risk of apneu. There are many studies that are relate to therapy that can be used to prevent and cure coronavirus infection. Patients with severe symptoms can be given chloroquine; however, it is not known yet the infection mechanism and effect of using chloroquine on pregnant patients with corona virus infection.Discussion: SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The virus was first spread in Wuhan, China, through bats. It can penetrate into the human respiration system by contacting directly with infected animals. Pregnant women and their fetuses are a high-risk population which are easily infected by coronavirus due to their low immune defenses in the body. In this case, complications caused by coronavirus infection are including IUGR, prematurity, low birth weight (LBW), and abortion. For now, Chloroquine is the most recommended treatment for pregnant women with coronavirus infection. Chloroquine is a bioactive agent that can fight various RNA viruses including SARS-CoV-2 by inhibiting viral replication through inhibition of quinone reductase-2. The use of chloroquine drugs (150 mg-500 mg) can form protection for the fetus.Conclusion: Pregnant women and their fetuses become one of the high-risk populations who are easily affected by coronavirus infection. The important thing to do is to take medicine as one of the steps to minimize worsening conditions. Chloroquine drug has become the right choice for the treatment of coronavirus infection in pregnant women. No serious side effects were found in pregnant women or newborns after giving chloroquine therapy.
Keywords: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Chloroquine, pregnancy
N-MYC DOWNSTREAM-REGULATED GENE 2 (NDRG2): INOVASI PENANDA TUMOR DIAGNOSTIK DAN PROGNOSTIK TERBARU UNTUK KANKER PARU
Authors: Prastisia Yulian , Mangkuliguna Ghea , Tobian Nikolaus 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of oncological death worldwide. One out of five people have passed away because of this cancer. Currently, there is no diagnostic tool that can accurately detect early lesions of lung cancer. As a result, patients are diagnosed only when the lung cancer has reached the advanced stage where 5-year-survival-rate is no higher than 5%. At this point, tumors are no longer surgically resectable and sensitive to treatments. Recently, a gene called N-myc downstream-regulated 2 (NDRG2) is found to be aberrantly expressed in human lung cancer, thus marked its potential use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
Method: A systematic literature study was conducted with the database from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Proquest for articles published within 2009-2019.
Discussion: This literature review yields result that 56,7-64,5% of patients diagnosed with lung cancer have reduced to absent NDRG2 expression in the tissue. NDRG2 expression is correlated with TNM Stage, tumor & vascular invasion, tumor differentiation status, and tumor size. Moreover, low expression of NDRG2 is an indicator of poor prognostic associated with 2 times lower overall survival rate for patients with lung cancer.
Conclusion: NDRG2 has shown promise to be a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for lung cancer.
NEUTROPHIL GELATINASE-ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN (NGAL): BIOMARKER URIN POTENSIAL DALAM DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIS
Authors: Alnaz Ahmad Razi Maulana , Ridha Rasyid , Abdillah Aqyl Hanif 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a common disease that is still being a public health problem, especially in the elderly, as a result of cardiovascular complication which is the most important cause of death among the elderly in developing countries. This literature review aims to comprehend the diagnostic accuracy of urinary NGAL in CKD. This literature review is made by doing literature searching on search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Sciencedirect, with utilizing NGAL, uNGAL, biomarker, CKD, and elderly as the keywords. From the process, 37 journals were obtained and used as this literature review references.
Discussions: By analyzing the literatures, it is known that NGAL is a polypeptide that belongs to the lipocalin family, where the expression will increase in inflammations, including in the kidneys. In diagnosis of CKD, the diagnostic ability of urinary NGAL shown by AUC values were higher than the other biomarkers. In addition, urinary NGAL has a stronger correlation with the deterioration of kidney function, compared to that of plasma NGAL.
Conclusion: In conclusion, urinary NGAL is a potential urinary biomarker in diagnosing CKD in the elderly.
Keywords: Biomarker, CKD, NGAL, Urine
Efek Penambahan Kotoran Sapi terhadap Kualitas Kompos pada Pengomposan Batang Pisang
Authors: Pranata I Kadek Aditya , Bintang Madrini Ida Ayu Gede , Tika I Wayan 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK
Pengomposan merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatan kegunaan dan nilai tambah dari limbah bahan organik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan kotoran sapi terhadap kualitas kompos. Pada proses pengomposan limbah batang pisang untuk menentukan komposisi campuran bahan yang terbaik dari penggunaan batang pisang dan kotoran sapi yang menghasilkan kualitas kompos sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 19-7030-20014. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah batang pisang dan kotoran sapi dengan perbandingan berat batang pisang dengan kotoran sapi yaitu: K1 (1:1), K2 (2:1), K3 (3:1), K.BP (hanya batang pisang). Proses pengomposan pada penelitian ini menggunakan Biokomposter Tahiron New Garden Bag 2. Pada proses pengomposan suhu diamati setiap hari, sedangkan kadar air C-organik, Nitrogen, rasio C/N dan pH diamati setiap 14 hari sekali. Suhu pada perlakuan K1, K2, K3dan K.BP yaitu masing-masing mencapai 43,6oC, 44,3 oC, 43,6 oC dan 38,6 oC. Parameter suhu, pH, dan kadar air tidak menunjukkan perbedaan secara signifikan antar perlakuan sedangkan rasio C/N pada pebandingan KBP dengan K1 (1:1), K2 (2:1), dan K3 (3:1) menunjukkan perbedaan. Perlakuan K2 menunjukkan komposisi campuran terbaik yang ditunjukkan oleh suhu pengomposan mendekati termofilik yaitu 44,3oC. Rasio C/N dari semua perlakuan belum memenuhi SNI 19/7030/2004, sedangkan pH, kadar air, bahan organik memenuhi standar tersebut.
ABSTRACT
Composting is an alternative means to increase the usefulness and added value of organic waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding cow dung and banana stem. This study expected to obtain the best composition of the mixture of ingredients from the use of banana stalks and cow dung according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 19-7030-20014. The materials used in this study were banana stalks and cow dung with a ratio of banana stalks to cow dung, namely: K1 (1: 1), K2 (2: 1), K3 (3: 1), K.BP (only banana stalks). ). The composting process in this study used Biocomposter Tahiron New Garden Bag 2. In the composting process, the temperature was observed every day, while the moisture content of C-organic, nitrogen, C / N ratio, and pH were observed once every 14 days. The temperatures in the K1, K2, K3, and K.BP treatments were respectively 43.6 oC, 44.3 oC, 43.6 oC, and 38.6 oC. Temperature, pH, and moisture content parameters did not show significant differences between treatments, while the C / N ratio in the comparison between KBP and K1 (1: 1), K2 (2: 1), and K3 (3: 1) showed differences. K2 treatment showed the best mixture composition with the composting temperature approaching thermophilic, namely 44.3oC. The C / N ratio of all treatments did not meet SNI 19/7030/2004, while pH, moisture content, the organic matter within the range as regulated in the standard.
Kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri terhadap kepuasan kerja pada karyawan PT X di Kabupaten Kampar, Riau
Authors: Farradinna Syarifah , Widya Widya , Herawati Yulia 
Published: April 2022

Karyawan merupakan hal terpenting dalam organisasi. Menentukan keberhasilan organisasi manajemen harus memperhatikan karyawan dalam meningkatkan kepuasan kerja. Karyawan yang memiliki kepuasan kerja yang baik dapat dilihat dari kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri yang baik pada karyawan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri terhadap kepuasan kerja pada karyawan PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V Sei Garo. Penelitian ini melibatkan 136 karyawan, berdasarkan teknik pengambilan sampel cluster random sampling yang diperoleh sebanyak 102. Penelitian ini menggunakan skala pengukuran kohesivitas kelompok, efikasi diri dan kepuasan kerja. Metode analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah Regresi. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut diketahui bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh kohesivitas kelompok terhadap kepuasan kerja dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,120 (0,230, p ?0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan hipotesis pertama ditolak. Sebaliknya terdapat pengaruh efikasi diri terhadap kepuasan kerja dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,289 (0,003, p ?0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan hipotesis kedua diterima. Begitu juga kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri terhadap kepuasan kerja, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri secara bersama-sama terhadap kepuasan kerja dengan diketahui F = 6,081; p?0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis ketiga diterima dan ditemukan bahwa kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri menunjukkan kontribusi 10,9 persen terhadap kepuasan kerja. Oleh sebab itu, organisasi perlu lebih aktif memperhatikan kohesivitas kelompok dan efikasi diri secara bersama-sama untuk meningkatkan kepuasan kerja pada karyawan.
Penelitian Aksi Terhadap Guru PAUD dan TK: Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Pendidik Tentang Bullying di Sekolah melalui Kegiatan Psikoedukasi
Authors: Puspita Syntia Agung Liana , Herdiana Ike 
Published: April 2022

Abstrak
Perundungan (bullying) kini menjadi permasalahan sosial yang mengkhawatirkan di bidang pendidikan karena memberikan beragam dampak negatif secara fisik maupun psikologis pada korban, pelaku dan saksi. Perundungan juga menjadi perhatian pihak Puskesmas Dupak Surabaya karena banyak pasien dengan permasalahan psikologis memiliki riwayat menjadi korban perundungan di sekolah. Salah satu penyebab perundungan di sekolah adalah kurangnya keterlibatan dan pemahaman guru mengenai perundungan sejak dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman guru mengenai perundungan, sehingga guru dapat berperan lebih efektif dalam mencegah kejadian perundungan di sekolah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian aksi dengan metode psikoedukasi, diskusi kasus dan pre-post test. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah perwakilan guru-guru PAUD/TK yang berada di kawasan Dupak Surabaya dan dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Dupak Surabaya. Hasil analisis pre-post test dengan uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan angka signifikansi 0.000 (p<0.05) yang berarti terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan peserta sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi. Hasil observasi dan diskusi kasus menunjukkan peserta mengetahui langkah-langkah awal yang dapat dilakukan apabila berhadapan dengan kasus perundungan di sekolah.
Abstract
Bullying is a social phenomenon that increasingly worrisome cases especially in the field of education because give various negative physical and psychological impacts to bullies, victim, and bystanders especially in early age. Topic of bullying is also a concern of the Dupak Surabaya Community-Health-Center because many patients with psychological problems were victims of bullying at school. One of the causes of bullying in schools is the lack of involvement and knowledge of teachers regarding bullying in early age. This study aims to improve teacher’s knowledge of bullying, so that teachers can play a more effective role in preventing incidence of bullying in school. This study is action-research with lecture, case-discussion (focused group discussion), and pre-post test. Participants in this activity were representatives of early childhood education program’s teachers who were in the Dupak area of Surabaya and carried out at the Dupak Health-Center in Surabaya. Wilcoxon analysis results show a significance number of 0.000 (p<0.05) which means there is a significant difference between the knowledge of participants before and after being given education. The results of observations and case discussions indicate that participants know the initial steps that can be taken when dealing with cases of bullying at school.
Pelatihan Komunikasi untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Pembina Panti Asuhan
Authors: Harumi B. Primandini Yunanda , Surjaningrum Endang Retno , Wilani Ni Made Ari 
Published: April 2022

Communication is a process of delivering and receiving messages. Communication problem can arise between adults and adolescents in a foster house. This study aims to determine the effect of communication training to increase educators’ communication skill in a foster house. This study used pre-experimental design method with one group pretest-posttest design where only one group given treatment. The research sample was 7 educators who interacts with adolescents in a foster house in Bali. Measurements use observation based indikator for communication aspects of DeVito (2016) and interview to evaluate and follow up after the communcation training ended. The training was given for 2 days. Data was analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results show that communication training is effective to increasing communication skill of foster house’s educators.
Estudo retrospectivo das complicações transanestésicas em cães ocorridas na Policlínica Veterinária Escola de Pequenos Animais do UNIFAA no período de 2019 a 2020
Authors: Da Silva Soares Bianca , Palmeira da Silva Rosa Pollyana , Gonçalves de Andrade Paiva Mariana , Oliveira de Sousa Valesca , Luiz Dulce de Oliveira Fabiano , Rodrigues Peixoto Anna Julia 
Published: April 2022

Introdução: Apesar dos avanços na anestesiologia veterinária, o número de complicações anestésicas em cães ainda é expressivo, sendo importante criar estratégias para diminuir a taxa de complicações e de mortalidade. Objetivo- O presente trabalho visou identificar as complicações transanestésicas de cães submetidos a anestesia geral na Policlínica Veterinária Escola de Pequenos Animais da UNIFAA no período de 2019 a 2020. Material e métodos: Foram incluídas no estudo retrospectivo, fichas anestésicas de cães que continham informações completas da avaliação pré-anestésica, protocolo instituído e monitoração. Foi realizada a classificação ASA dos pacientes e analisados os registros de monitoração transanestésica para identificação das complicações. Resultados: Foram obtidos 371 registros, sendo que 192 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. A maioria dos animais foram classificados como ASA I (53%). Foi possível identificar ao menos uma complicação transanestésica em 150 registros. Não houve registros de óbito perianestésico no período estudado. As complicações transanestésicas mais prevalentes nos pacientes ASA I foram as complicações cardiovasculares (37%); nos cães ASA II foram as complicações respiratórias (82%); nos cães ASA III as complicações respiratórias e cardiovasculares tiveram mesma incidência (72%) e; em pacientes ASA IV as complicações respiratórias (74%) foram mais incidentes. Conclusão: Através do estudo conclui-se que ainda é elevada a ocorrência de complicações transanestésicas em cães, independentemente de sua classificação ASA. Destaca-se ainda a importância da confecção dos registros anestésicos adequadamente, para que estudos como esses possam ser realizados afim de contribuir para a melhoria do serviço prestado e para o avanço da especialidade.
Determinants of Muslim Customers’ Preferences towards Islamic Banks Products and Services
Authors: Kartika Rayna , Maulidya Fidya Kasih 
Published: April 2022

Abstract (English)

As Indonesia has the biggest Muslim population in the world, Islamic banks starts to bloom in Indonesia rapidly. This paper aims to investigate the determinants of Muslim people to be customers of Indonesian Islamic banks. The determinants which are empirically tested are product knowledge of Islamic bank, product information dissemination, the profit margin of Indonesia Islamic banks, and service quality provided by Indonesia Islamic banks towards the preferences of Muslim people to be customers of Islamic banks. This research uses quantitative design which there are 155 samples conducted in this research and analyzed using SPSS. The sampling technique is purposive sampling where there are some criteria required to obtain respondents. The findings show that product knowledge, product information dissemination, and profit margin affect the preferences of being Islamic banks’ customers while service quality does not affect the preferences of being Islamic banks customers.

Abstrak (Bahasa Indonesia)

Sebagai negara yang memiliki penduduk Muslim terbanyak di dunia, perbankan syariah di Indonesia mulai berkembang dengan pesat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi determinan dari masyarakat Muslim di Indonesia untuk menjadi nasabah bank syariah di Indonesia. Adapun determinan yang akan diuji secara empiris adalah pengetahuan tentang produk bank syariah, diseminasi tentang informasi produk, tingkat margin profit, dan kualitas pelayanan yang ditawarkan oleh bank syariah terhadap preferensi masyarakat Muslim untuk menjadi nasabah bank syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain kuantitatif dimana terdapat 155 sampel dan dianalisis menggunakan multiple regression model dengan SPSS. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, dimana ada beberapa syarat dan kriteria ditetukan untuk mendapatkan responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini menytakan bahwa untuk variable pengetahuan tentang produk, diseminasi informasi produk, dan tingkat margin keuntungan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap preferensi masyarakat muslim untuk menjadi nasabah bank syariah. Sementara itu, untuk kualitas pelayanan tidak mempengaruhi preferensi masyaraat Muslim untuk menjadi nasabah bank syariah.
Dampak Struktur Kepemilikan, Proporsi Komisaris Independed, dan Komite Audit terhadap Earnings Management: Kualitas Audit sebagai Varabel Moderasi
Authors: Ayunitantry Orie Secunda , Adrianto Fajri 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of concentrated ownership structure, the proportion of independent commissioners and audit committees on earnings management with audit quality as a moderating variable in real estate and property sector companies listed on the IDX for the 2015-2019 period. Hypothesis testing is done by using panel data regression model fixed effect to a total of 110 observation data from 22 research samples. The results of hypothesis testing indicate that concentrated ownership and the proportion of independent commissioners doesn’t have a significant effect on earnings management, while the audit committee has a significant and negative effect on earnings management. The results also show that audit quality is able to moderate the negative effect of the audit committee on earnings management, meaning that the supervision of the Big 4 external auditors and the large number of audit committees will be able to improve the quality of financial reporting and reduce the company's earnings management actions.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh struktur kepemilikan terkonsentrasi, proporsi dewan komisaris independen dan komite audit terhadap manajemen laba dengan kualitas audit sebagai variable moderasi pada perusahaan sector real estate dan property yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2015-2019. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan regresi data panel model fixed effect terhadap total 110 data observasi dari 22 sampel penelitian. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan terkonsentrasi dan proporsi dewan komisaris independen tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba, sedangkan komite audit memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa kualitas audit mampu memoderasi pengaruh negative komite audit terhadap manajemen laba dengan arti bahwa pengawasan dari auditor eksternal Big 4 dan komite audit dalam jumlah besar akan mampu meningkatkan kualitas pelaporan keuangan dan mengurangi tindakan manajemen laba perusahaan.