bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of delirium in hospitalized patients in Latin America: A systematic review
Authors: Bravo Maximiliano , Bustos Sebastian , Acuña Estefania , Cisternas Irma , Gutierrez Pedro , Vega Daniela P. Ponce de la , Castro Roberta , Tobar Eduardo , Maldonado Jose , Salech Felipe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAccurate epidemiological data are essential for the planning of policies aimed at the identification, prevention, and management of delirium. The reported occurrence of delirium in hospitalized patients varies widely among studies, ranging between 5% to more than 80% in the international literature. The exact occurrence in Latin America is not well described.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to conduct a systematic analysis of the published data on the epidemiology of delirium in hospitalized patients in Latin America.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Both MEDLINE and LILACS databases were searched for original research articles reporting the occurrence of delirium among adult hospitalized patients in Latin American countries. Studies including pediatric populations were excluded from this analysis. Two authors independently applied eligibility criteria, assessed quality, and extracted data. The corresponding authors of the original articles were contacted to obtain relevant information about the study when this was not present in the published manuscripts.ResultsSeven hundred and eighteen original articles were identified. After screening titles and abstracts, 149 studies were included in the final analysis. The occurrence of delirium varied depending on the clinical scenario: (1) in the general medico‐surgical wards, it ranged from 2.1% to 60.4%, (2) in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs), from 9.6% to 94.8%, (3) in the post‐operatory population, from 5.45% and 52.3%, and (4) it was found to be between 10.7% and 62% in the emergency department setting. The most used delirium assessment tools were the “Confusion Assessment Method” (CAM; in the general population), and the “Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU” (CAM‐ICU). Fourteen out of 149 studies were conducted in clinical settings who actively implemented some form of non‐pharmacological delirium prevention bundles, most of them as part of ICU sedation‐analgesia protocols.ConclusionDelirium occurs frequently in hospitalized patients in Latin America throughout a variety of clinical scenarios, including ICU, general wards, post‐operatory populations, and among the emergency department setting. The CAM and the CAM‐ICU are the most used delirium assessment tools. Bundles of non‐pharmacological interventions to prevent delirium are not universally implemented.
Posttraumatic stress disorder strengthens the momentary associations between emotion dysregulation and substance use: a micro‐longitudinal study of community women experiencing intimate partner violence
Authors: Weiss Nicole H. , Brick Leslie A. , Schick Melissa R. , Forkus Shannon R. , Raudales Alexa M. , Contractor Ateka A. , Sullivan Tami P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsA fast‐growing body of literature linking emotion dysregulation to substance use has almost exclusively relied on cross‐sectional designs and has generally failed to assess dysregulation stemming from positive emotions. The current study measured the momentary associations between both negative and positive emotion dysregulation and substance use, as well as the moderating role of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).DesignMicro‐longitudinal momentary data were collected three times per day for 30 days using phone‐based interactive voice recording.SettingNortheastern United States.ParticipantsA total of 145 community women (M, age = 40.56, 40.3% white) experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) and using substances were recruited from 2018 until 2020.MeasurementsMomentary surveys assessed negative and positive emotion dysregulation and alcohol, drug, and cigarette use. PTSD diagnosis was derived from a structured diagnostic interview.FindingsBetween‐person relations that remained significant after covariate adjustment and correction for multiple testing were found for negative emotion dysregulation and both number of drinks (internal rate of return [IRR] = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.07, 1.93; β = 0.37) and drug use (OR = 3.78; 95% CI = 1.86, 7.69; β = 1.33), and positive emotion dysregulation and number of cigarettes (OR = 1.40; 95% CI = 1.07, 1.82; β = 0.34). Of six interactions tests, PTSD was only shown to moderate the within‐person relation between positive emotion dysregulation and drug use, even after controlling for relevant covariates and adjusting for multiple testing (OR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.04, 1.51; β = 0.23), such that women experiencing intimate partner violence with versus without PTSD were more likely to use drugs when experiencing periods of elevated positive emotion dysregulation.ConclusionsWomen experiencing intimate partner violence with higher levels of negative dysregulation relative to others may use more alcohol and be more likely to use drugs. Women experiencing intimate partner violence with higher levels of positive dysregulation relative to others may use more cigarettes. Women experiencing intimate partner violence who also have posttraumatic stress disorder may be more likely to use drugs when experiencing momentary elevated levels of positive emotion dysregulation than those who do not also have posttraumatic stress disorder.
The Red Blanket Protocol in a tertiary centre in Aotearoa New Zealand: does this trauma protocol improve time to surgery and clinical outcomes?
Authors: Mohamed Fardowsa , Grinlinton Megan , Henshall Kevin , Cox Murray , MacCormick Andrew D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients who are haemodynamically unstable from surgical emergencies require prompt surgical intervention, and delay to surgery may lead to poorer clinical outcomes. The Red Blanket Protocol (RBP) is a communication algorithm intended to facilitate surgery as expediently and safely as possible. By developing a protocol for these channels of communication, RBP may reduce the time to surgical intervention and improve patient outcomes. Our aim was to identify whether patient outcomes, including time to surgery, blood product use and survival were improved by the Red Blanket protocol.MethodsHaemodynamically unstable adults in Middlemore Hospital, Aotearoa New Zealand from 1/1/2014 to 31/12/2015 were compared with RBP patients from 1/4/2017 to 1/4/2020. Time from emergency department (ED) to knife‐to‐skin (KTS) was compared between the groups. The number of blood products used, LOS and 30‐ and 90‐day survival were also compared between the pre‐protocol and RBP groups.ResultsThirty‐two patients were identified in the pre‐protocol group, and 25 in the RBP group. The median time from ED to KTS reduced from 84 to 70.5 min after the implementation of RBP (P = 0.044). The median number of blood products was 21 pre‐protocol and 11.5 in the RBP group (P = 0.102). The median LOS was 8 versus 4 days in the RBP group (P = 0.204). 30‐day survival rate was comparable in the two groups (65% versus 60% (P 0.71)).ConclusionRBP was associated with a shorter time to knife‐to‐skin for haemodynamically unstable patients. There was no significant difference in clinical outcomes between the two groups. Larger studies are required to assess clinical outcomes of the RBP.
Oncological and urinary outcomes following low‐dose‐rate brachytherapy with a median follow‐up of 11.8 years
Authors: Yaxley William John , Mackean James , Desai Devang J. , Tsang Gail , Dixon Judi , Samaratunga Hemamali , Delahunt Brett , Egevad Lars , Gardiner Robert A. , Yaxley John William 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo examine the long‐term oncological outcomes and urological morbidity of low‐dose‐rate prostate brachytherapy (LDRBT) monotherapy using live intraoperative dosimetry planning and an automated needle navigation delivery system for the treatment of men with low and intermediate‐risk prostate cancer.Patients and MethodsA prospective database of 400 consecutive patients who underwent LDRBT between July 2003 and June 2015 was retrospectively reviewed to assess urinary side‐effects and biochemical progression, based on the Phoenix definition and also a definition of a prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level of ≥0.2 μg/L.ResultsMinimum patient follow‐up was 5.5 years. The median follow‐up of the entire cohort was 11.8 years. The median (range) PSA level was 6.1 (0.9–17) μg/L and the median Gleason score was 3 + 4. The biochemical relapse‐free survival (RFS; freedom from biochemical recurrence) based on the Phoenix definition was 85.8% (343/400). The RFS using a ‘surgical’ definition of a PSA level of <0.2 μg/L was 71% (284/400). Of the 297 men followed for ≥10 years, prostate cancer‐specific survival (PCSS) was 98% (291/297). Post‐LDRBT urethral stricture developed in 11 men (2.8%, 11/400). For men with ≥10 years of follow‐up, 22 men (7.4%, 22/297) required a pad for either stress or urge urinary incontinence (UI). UI was identified in only 2.2% (one of 46) of men who had a bladder neck incision (BNI) before LDRBT.ConclusionLDRBT is associated with excellent PCSS, with a median follow‐up of 11.8 years. The risk of post‐implantation urethral stricture and UI is low and a pre‐implantation BNI for management of bladder outflow obstruction does not increase the risk of UI or urethral stricture.
Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in Japanese patients with persistent, recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer: Results from KEYNOTE‐826
Authors: Nishio Shin , Yonemori Kan , Usami Tomoka , Minobe Shinichiro , Yunokawa Mayu , Iwata Takashi , Okamoto Aikou , Aoki Yoichi , Itamochi Hiroaki , Takekuma Munetaka , Harano Kenichi , Yamamoto Keiko , Maruko Takeshi , Ugai Hiroyuki , Tekin Cumhur , Colombo Nicoletta , Fujiwara Keiichi , Hasegawa Kosei , Ushijima Kimio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPembrolizumab plus chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab demonstrated prolonged progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) versus chemotherapy in patients with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer in the phase 3, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled KEYNOTE‐826 study. We report outcomes in patients enrolled in Japan. Patients received pembrolizumab 200 mg or placebo Q3W for up to 35 cycles plus chemotherapy (paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 + cisplatin 50 mg/m2 or carboplatin AUC 5) with or without bevacizumab 15 mg/kg. Dual primary endpoints were PFS per RECIST v1.1 by investigator assessment and OS in the global population; these were evaluated in patients with tumors with PD‐L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥1, all‐comers, and PD‐L1 CPS ≥10. Fifty‐seven patients from Japan were randomized (pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, n = 35; placebo plus chemotherapy, n = 22). Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy improved PFS versus placebo plus chemotherapy in patients with PD‐L1 CPS ≥1 (n = 51; hazard ratio [HR; 95% CI], 0.36 [0.16–0.77]), all‐comers (n = 57; 0.45 [0.22–0.90]), and patients with PD‐L1 CPS ≥10 (n = 25; 0.36 [0.12–1.07]). HRs (95% CI) for OS were 0.38 (0.14–1.01), 0.41 (0.17–1.00), and 0.37 (0.10–1.30), respectively. Incidence of grade 3–5 AEs was 94% in the pembrolizumab group and 100% in the placebo group. Consistent with findings in the global KEYNOTE‐826 study, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab may prolong survival versus placebo plus chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab and had a manageable safety profile in Japanese patients with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer.
Supplementation with omega‐3 or omega‐6 fatty acids attenuates platelet reactivity in postmenopausal women
Authors: Yamaguchi Adriana , Stanger Livia , Freedman John Cody , Prieur Amanda , Thav Rachel , Tena Jennyfer , Holman Theodore R. , Holinstat Michael 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPostmenopausal women are at increased risk for a cardiovascular event due to platelet hyperactivity. There is evidence suggesting that ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and ω‐6 PUFAs have cardioprotective effects in these women. However, a mechanistic understanding of how these fatty acids regulate platelet function is unknown. In this study, we supplemented postmenopausal women with fish oil (ω‐3 fatty acids) or evening primrose oil (ω‐6 fatty acids) and investigated the effects on their platelet activity. The effects of fatty acid supplementation on platelet aggregation, dense granule secretion, and activation of integrin αIIbβ3 at basal levels and in response to agonist were tested in postmenopausal women following a supplementation and washout period. Supplementation with fish oil or primrose oil attenuated the thrombin receptor PAR4‐induced platelet aggregation. Supplementation with ω‐3 or ω‐6 fatty acids decreased platelet dense granule secretion and attenuated basal levels of integrin αIIbβ3 activation. Interestingly, after the washout period following supplementation with primrose oil, platelet aggregation was similarly attenuated. Additionally, for either treatment, the observed protective effects post‐supplementation on platelet dense granule secretion and basal levels of integrin activation were sustained after the washout period, suggesting a long‐term shift in platelet reactivity due to fatty acid supplementation. These findings begin to elucidate the underlying mechanistic effects of ω‐3 and ω‐6 fatty acids on platelet reactivity in postmenopausal women. Hence, this study supports the beneficial effects of fish oil or primrose oil supplementation as a therapeutic intervention to reduce the risk of thrombotic events in postmenopausal women. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02629497.
Catalog competition: Theory and experimental evidence
Authors: Xefteris Dimitrios , Barreda‐Tarrazona Iván , García‐Gallego Aurora , Georgantzís Nikolaos 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper compares the standard location‐then‐pricing Hotelling duopoly with a catalog competition game in which firms simultaneously decide locations and prices. We consider a three‐location space and continuous pricing and fully characterize the unique symmetric equilibrium. In both games, firms employ mixed strategies, producing a mainstream product more often than a specialized one. In the catalog game, prices are always above the marginal cost of production, whereas in the sequential model, prices converge to the marginal cost when firms produce the same variety. We experimentally test our theoretical predictions in the laboratory, finding strong evidence in favor of most of them.
Hyperperfusion Tmax mapping for nonconvulsive status epilepticus in the acute setting: A pilot case–control study
Authors: Romoli Michele , Merli Elena , Galluzzo Simone , Muccioli Lorenzo , Testoni Stefania , Zaniboni Anna , Contardi Sara , Simonetti Luigi , Tinuper Paolo , Zini Andrea 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveNonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is misdiagnosed in >50% of cases in the emergency department. Computed tomographic perfusion (CTP) has been implemented in the hyperacute setting to detect seizure‐induced hyperperfusion. However, the diagnostic value of CTP is limited by the lack of thresholds for hyperperfusion and high interrater variability. This pilot case–control study aims at identifying the diagnostic value of reverse Tmax (rTmax) in differentiating NCSE from acute ischemic stroke in the hyperacute setting.MethodsWe enrolled patients with NCSE (Salzburg criteria‐based diagnosis) and stroke cases 1:1 matched for clinical features and time of presentation. CTP standard maps (mean transit time [MTT]–cerebral blood volume–cerebral blood flow [CBF]) and rTmax maps were elaborated and rated by two experts in CTP blinded to the final diagnosis. Hyperperfusion was adjudicated for standard CTP maps as an increase in CBF and a decrease in MTT, and for rTmax as the presence of a black area on 3‐, 2‐, and 1‐s threshold maps. Cronbach alpha was used for interrater agreement; receiver operating curve analysis was run to measure accuracy with area under the curve.ResultsOverall, 34 patients were included (17 NCSE, 17 stroke; time from onset to imaging = 2 h for both groups). People with NCSE were older and more frequently had a history of epilepsy. NCSE patients had hyperperfusion on rTmax maps in 11 of 17 cases versus zero of 17 in stroke. Intra‐ and interrater reliability was higher for rTmax than for standard CTP maps (κ = 1 vs. κ = .6). rTmax was 82% (95%CI = 67–97%) accurate in predicting NCSE versus stroke in the hyperacute setting. Agreement between neuroimaging and electroencephalography (EEG) was limited at a hemispheric level for standard CTP maps, whereas rTMax had agreement with EEG largely reaching the sublobar level.SignificancerTmax mapping might represent a reliable tool to spot NCSE‐induced hyperperfusion with a threshold‐based reproducible approach. Further studies are needed for validation and implementation in the differential diagnosis of focal neurological deficit in the hyperacute setting.
Towards a model for determining patent revenue odds: An empirical study of technology transfer offices
Authors: Leite Rafael Angelo Santos , Walter Cicero Eduardo , Reis Igor Bezerra , de Sousa Pedro Elias Figueredo , de Aragão Iracema Machado , Au‐Yong‐Oliveira Manuel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTechnology transfer offices (TTO) were created with the mission of executing innovation policy and its technology transfer to industry. Most studies regarding TTO focus on the context of developed countries, so there is a lack of research on the subject in emerging economies, such as Brazil. In addition, the issue of how diverse the skills of the team of a given TTO should be for their best revenue performance is still little addressed. In this sense, the present study aims to identify which characteristics of the TTO, related to their human resources, influence obtaining revenue from the patents that constitute their portfolios. To achieve this objective, 272 TTO in Brazil were analysed with the help of the Logistic Regression technique, based on Maximum Likelihood Estimation. A remarkable conclusion that emerges from our results is that the universities to increase their revenue must invest in full‐time employees (e.g., rather than in scholarship students, as tends to be the norm) and foster the inventions' communications, as well as to attract and retain employees with skills directly related to knowledge fields such as Law, Engineering, and Communication (quite surprisingly, Management and Economics graduates are not included). The combination of these factors can increase the probabilities or odds of a given TTO obtaining revenue. Thus, our results contribute to TTO human resource practices, especially those in structuring stages, such as those in Brazil and Latin American countries.
Comparison of Radiocarbon‐ and Background Location‐Corrections on Soil‐Gas CO2 Flux‐Based NSZD Rate Measurements at Petroleum Impacted Sites
Authors: Zimbron Julio A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe measurement of contaminant natural source zone depletion (NSZD) rates has become an important tool to manage petroleum contaminated sites. Most NSZD rate measurement methods rely on a balance on the biodegradation by‐products (either carbon or heat). Carbon balance‐based methods stoichiometrically convert measured soil‐gas CO2 flux related to contaminant degradation to equivalent contaminant mass loses. CO2 flux‐based methods require separating the fraction of the total CO2 flux produced by NSZD from the fraction of CO2 flux produced by natural soil processes (due to modern carbon turnover). Two method corrections are available to distinguish the nature of the measured CO2 flux: (1) The background location correction subtracts a measurement from an unimpacted location from measurements collected at impacted locations, and (2) a location‐specific radiocarbon (14C) analysis that differentiates the modern and old carbon fractions of each total CO2 measurement. This work evaluates both correction approaches using 36 measurements at impacted locations from five sites. The 14C‐corrected data shows that the magnitude and variability of the modern carbon‐related fraction (noise) and the NSZD related fossil fuel signal are similar, suggesting a location‐specific correction is more valid. Only one sparsely vegetated arid site showed close agreement between both corrections (14C‐ and background location). These results highlight the strong effect of the correction method used on NSZD rate measurements, and the importance of considering data quality on the subsequent data management process.
Chondroblastoma‐like osteosarcoma: a clinicopathological and molecular study of a rare osteosarcoma variant
Authors: Gaeta Raffaele , Righi Alberto , Gambarotti Marco , Aretini Paolo , Lessi Francesca , Mazzanti Chiara Maria , Mancini Irene , Pinzani Pamela , Belgio Beatrice , Sbaraglia Marta , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Franchi Alessandro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveChondroblastoma‐like osteosarcoma (CBLOS) is a rare and poorly understood variant of OS. We examined the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular features of six CBLOSs to highlight the differences with conventional high‐grade OS (CHGOS) and CB, including CB with aggressive features.MethodsWe performed histone 3.3 mutation analysis by gene sequencing and/or immunohistochemistry in all cases, while whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on two CB‐like osteosarcomas and 11 conventional high‐grade OS.ResultsCBLOSs were predominantly localised at acral sites and involved mainly male subjects with a mean age of 29 years. One patient who had metastases at presentation died of disease, while another patient who developed multiple local recurrences and lung metastases was alive with no evidence of disease (ANED) at 294 months. The remaining patients were ANED after a mean interval of 70.8 months. Histologically, all CBLOS presented aggressive features, including nuclear atypia and infiltrative growth. Immunohistochemistry with H3F3 K36M mutant antibody was negative in all CBLOSs, and none of the five tumours tested by gene sequencing had H3F3B mutations. Conversely, all CBs presented the H3F3B K36M variant and were positive for immunostaining with the H3F3 K36M antibody. Two CBLOSs analysed by WES differed in amount and type of mutation from 11 cases of CHGOS. Moreover, CBLOSs showed lower copy number alteration (CNA) score values than CHGOSs.ConclusionsCBLOS presents a different genetic background and a less aggressive clinical behaviour in comparison with CHGOS. Search of the H3F3B K36M mutation is useful in the differential diagnosis with CB.
Kindergarten teachers promote the participation experience of African Asylum‐Seeker families
Authors: Eliyahu‐Levi Dolly 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAfrican asylum seekers live in Israel in the realities of poverty, racism, and personal insecurity. From a sociological point of view, Participation is taking part in social processes, interacting with people, texts and technologies and it may affect all areas of life. This is a qualitative‐interpretive study that examines through interviews the participation experience from the perspective of eight African couples and six Israeli kindergarten teachers. The findings indicate: (1) Increasing the parents' sense of belonging, (2) Increasing the cultural participation, (3) Increasing community cohesion. Findings reveal a tension between the parents' desire to be involved and my reality of poverty and working around the clock that prevents their presence in educational activities. Under such complex conditions, kindergarten teachers worked to establish a positive personal relationship, strengthen the parents' sense of ability, overcome language barriers, and cultivate a sense of belonging from a perception that increasing participation would help them deal with integration challenges and livelihoods social rejection. The study has a theoretical and practical contribution, and its findings may be used by educators and policymakers regarding principles for action to promote the experience of participation and involvement of parents in educational settings.