bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Optimum Deposition Conditions of Radio Frequency Reactive Magnetron Sputtering of Al0.7Sc0.3N Film with Thickness down to 20 nm
Authors: Ryoo Seung Kyu , Kim Kyung Do , Park Hyeon Woo , Lee Yong Bin , Lee Suk Hyun , Lee In Soo , Byun Seungyong , Shim Doosup , Lee Jae Hoon , Kim Hani , Jang Yoon Ho , Park Min Hyuk , Hwang Cheol Seong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFerroelectric aluminum scandium nitride (Al0.7Sc0.3N) has attracted increasing interest due to its high remanent polarization (Pr, >100 µC cm−2) and coercive field (Ec, >5 MV cm−1). The four radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering conditions (sputtering power, N2 flow ratio, pressure, and temperature) influence the ferroelectric and material properties of 45 nm‐thick Al0.7Sc0.3N deposited on the TiN/SiO2/Si substrate. Crystallinity is enhanced under the deposition conditions with higher adatom energy but deteriorates when the growth condition increases over the optimum. The well‐crystallized films have (002)‐preferred orientation with the in‐plane compressive stress imposed by the peening effect and thermal stress. The imposed compressive stress increases the c0/a0 value, where c0 and a0 mean the c‐ and a–axis lattice parameters, which eventually increases the Ec of the film. Pr increases with the c0/a0 value, but other factors also influence the change. The films with high oxygen concentration show the wake‐up properties due to the large percentage of domain walls and their depinning. Finally, ferroelectricity is confirmed with films down to a thickness of 20 nm. However, the thinnest film shows a higher Ec and lower Pr. These findings imply the presence of non‐ferroelectric interfacial layers, which induce the depolarization effect.
Highly Thermally Resilient Dual‐Mode (Digital/Analog) Amorphous Yttrium Fluoride Memristors Exhibiting Excellent Symmetric Linearity
Authors: Shi Zhe‐Min , Hou Yu‐Che , Chen Cheng‐Yueh , Tan Guang‐Hsun , Lin Hao‐Cheng , Lai Po‐Ting , Hou Cheng‐Hung , Shyue Jing‐Jong , Cheng Wei‐Kai , Su Tsung‐Kai , Lin Hao‐Wu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper describes the first use of vacuum‐deposited YF3 films as active materials in memristors. These YF3 memristors function with extraordinary dual digital/analog operation modes. In both modes, the memorization states are all non‐volatile, with long retention times (up to 106 s). In the analog mode, the memristors achieve a stable series of consecutive cycles of 64‐level potentiation and depression, with large ON/OFF resistance ratios (up to 7.2), and extraordinarily balanced linearity. With these YF3 memristors, an excellent recognition accuracy of 97% in the classification of handwritten digits is achieved. Time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and valance change memory modeling to examine the switching mechanism of YF3 are used, discovering that fluorine vacancy species are responsible for the memristor behavior. Excellent high‐temperature stability during both operation and state preservation suggests that these YF3 memristors might find applicability in neuromorphic computing under relatively harsh conditions.
Late topdressing can sustain wheat grain yield under straw mulching in the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Fu Xin , Wang Jun , Peng Zhengping , Yang Xiaonan , Zhang Shaohong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStraw mulching has been widely used to conserve soil water and enhance soil fertility in dryland cropping systems. However, the lack of soil nutrient availability due to the immobilization with straw mulch decomposition would result in a decrease in crop yield and harvest index. Based on a 9‐yr straw mulching field experiment, we evaluated the effect of late topdressing in 2 yr on crop yield under a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) monoculture system in the Loess Plateau of China. Three treatments were included as straw mulching at rates of 9,000 (HSM) and 4,500 kg ha–1 (LSM) during growing season and control without mulching (CK) from 2008 to 2019. Topdressing as urea was added to each plot at wheat tillering from 2017 to 2019. Across 2 yr, straw mulching significantly increased soil water storage at most growing stages. Compared with CK, straw mulching promoted wheat growth (tiller density and plant density) but decreased grain yield and harvest index significantly. Soil mineral N contents in later wheat‐growing stages and net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate of wheat flag leaf and leaf water use efficiency during filling stage decreased with HSM and LSM when compared with CK. However, late topdressing significantly increased wheat grain yield in both years. Generally, additional application of N fertilizer in the late growing stage could alleviate the yield decrease by straw mulching and should be considered for sustainable crop production in the Loess Plateau of China.
Generic AI models for mass transfer coefficient prediction in amine‐based CO2 absorber, Part II: RBFNN and RF model
Authors: Quan Hong , Dong Shoulong , Zhao Dongfang , Li Hansheng , Geng Junming , Liu Helei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, the radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) and random forest (RF) algorithms were employed to develop generic AI models predicting mass transfer coefficient in amine‐based CO2 absorber. The models with operating parameters as input gave quite different prediction performance in different CO2 absorption systems. To secure better applicability, extra parameters related to amine type and packing characteristics were introduced to reasonably describe mass transfer behaviors, respectively. Moreover, the generic models were proposed by considering all influencing factors of mass transfer in CO2 absorber column. Furthermore, the performance of BPNN, RBFNN, and RF models was completely compared and fully discussed in terms of AARE. All three generic models could predict mass transfer coefficient of CO2 absorber very well. It was found that the BPNN models provide the best predication with AAREs of below 5%. The developed generic model could serve as a fast and efficient tool for preliminary selection and evaluation of potential amines for CO2 absorption. The framework of generic ML model development was also clearly presented, which could provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the implementation and application of ML models in the carbon capture field.
Photoexcitation‐Based Supramolecular Access to Full‐Scale Phase‐Diagram Structures through in situ Phase‐Volume Ratio Phototuning
Authors: Yue Bingbing , Jia Xiaoyong , Baryshnikov Glib V. , Jin Xin , Feng Xicheng , Lu Yunle , Luo Mengkai , Zhang Man , Shen Shen , Ågren Hans , Zhu Liangliang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractControlling phase separation and transition plays a core role in establishing and maintaining the function of diverse self‐assembled systems. However, it remains challenging to achieve wide‐range continuous phase transition for dynamically producing a variety of assembled structures. Here, we developed a far‐from‐equilibrium system, upon the integration of photoexcitation‐induced aggregation molecules and block copolymers, to establish an in situ phase‐volume ratio photocontrol strategy. Thus, full‐scale phase‐diagram structures, from lamellar structure to gyroidal, cylindrical, and finally to a spherical one, can be accessed under different irradiation periods. Moreover, the phase transition was accompanied by considerable aggregation‐induced phosphorescence and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity change for building a functional surface. This strategy allows for a conceptual advance of accessing a wide range of distinct self‐assembled structures and functions in real time.
Nanoscale Chemical Imaging of Human Cell Membranes Using Tip‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Mrđenović Dušan , Ge Wenjie , Kumar Naresh , Zenobi Renato 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLack of appropriate tools for visualizing cell membrane molecules at the nanoscale in a non‐invasive and label‐free fashion limits our understanding of many vital cellular processes. Here, we use tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) to visualize the molecular distribution in pancreatic cancer cell (BxPC‐3) membranes in ambient conditions without labelling, with a spatial resolution down to ca. 2.5 nm. TERS imaging reveals segregation of phenylalanine‐, histidine‐, phosphatidylcholine‐, protein‐, and cholesterol‐rich BxPC‐3 cell membrane domains at the nm length‐scale. TERS imaging also showed a cell membrane region where cholesterol is mixed with protein. Interestingly, the higher resolution TERS imaging revealed that the molecular domains observed on the BxPC‐3 cell membrane are not chemically “pure” but also contain other biomolecules. These results demonstrate the potential of TERS for non‐destructive and label‐free imaging of cell membranes with nanoscale resolution.
Chloride Ion Adsorption Enables Ampere‐Level CO2 Electroreduction over Silver Hollow Fiber
Authors: Li Shoujie , Dong Xiao , Zhao Yonghui , Mao Jianing , Chen Wei , Chen Aohui , Song Yanfang , Li Guihua , Jiang Zheng , Wei Wei , Sun Yuhan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectrochemical conversion of CO2 into valuable feedstocks is a promising strategy for carbon neutrality. However, it remains a challenge to possess a large current density, a high faradaic efficiency and excellent stability for practical applications of CO2 utilization. Herein, we report a facile tactic that enables exceedingly efficient CO2 electroreduction to CO by virtue of low‐coordination chloride ion (Cl−) adsorption on a silver hollow fiber (Ag HF) electrode. A CO faradaic efficiency of 92.3 % at a current density of one ampere per square centimeter (1 A cm−2) in 3.0 M KCl with a sustained performance observed during a 150‐hour test was achieved, which is better than state‐of‐the‐art electrocatalysts. The electrochemical results and density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggested a low‐coordination Cl− adsorption on surface of Ag HF, which not only suppressed the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), but also facilitated the CO2 reduction kinetics.
Boosting Cathode Activity and Anode Stability of Zn‐S Batteries in Aqueous Media Through Cosolvent‐Catalyst Synergy
Authors: Yang Min , Yan Zichao , Xiao Jin , Xin Wenli , Zhang Lei , Peng Huiling , Geng Yaheng , Li Junwei , Wang Yunxiao , Liu Li , Zhu Zhiqiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAqueous Zn−S battery with high energy density represents a promising large‐scale energy storage technology, but its application is severely hindered by the poor reversibility of both S cathode and Zn anode. Herein, we develop a “cocktail optimized” electrolyte containing tetraglyme (G4) and water as co‐solvents and I2 as additive. The G4‐I2 synergy could activate efficient polar I3−/I− catalyst couple and shield the cathode from water, thus facilitating the conversion kinetics of S and suppressing the interfacial side reactions. Simultaneously, it could stabilize Zn anode by forming an organic–inorganic interphase upon cycling. With boosted electrodes reversibility, the Zn−S cell delivers a high capacity of 775 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1, and retains over 70 % capacity after 600 cycles at 4 A g−1. The advances can also be readily generalized to other ethers/water hybrid electrolytes, showing the universality of the “cocktail optimized” electrolyte design strategy.
Novel 2‐substituted thioquinazoline‐benzenesulfonamide derivatives as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with potential anticancer activity
Authors: Abdel‐Mohsen Heba T. , Omar Mohamed A. , Petreni Andrea , Supuran Claudiu T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA novel series of 2‐thioquinazoline‐benzenesulfonamide hybrids were designed as carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors. The design approach relies on molecular hybridization between the benzenesulfonamide scaffold as a Zn2+ binding group and 2‐substituted thioquinazolines as a tail. Assaying the thioquinazoline‐benzenesulfonamide conjugates against four different CA isoforms revealed that compounds 12f and 12p are the most potent derivatives. They exhibit Ki = 0.09 and 0.05 µM on CA II, 0.32 and 0.47 µM on CA IX, and 0.58 and 0.46 µM on CA XII, respectively. In addition, 12p demonstrated high selectivity for CA II over CA I with selectivity index (SI) = 92, and slightly higher specificity for CA II over CA IX and CA XII with SI = 9.40 and 9.20, respectively. The synthesized compounds were screened for their cytotoxic activity at 10 µM concentration and derivatives 12o, 12n, and 12f turned out to be the most potent ones from the synthesized series; they exhibit mean growth inhibition % values of 89.38%, 58.75%, and 54.71%, respectively, while 12p demonstrated moderate activity against the NCI cancer cell lines, with mean growth inhibition % = 29.62%. The analysis of the MCF‐7 cell cycle after treatment with 5.0 µM of 12f displayed that it arrests the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Molecular docking simulation of the thioquinazoline‐benzenesulfonamide hybrids in the CA II active site rationalized the potent activity to the settlement of the sulfonamide moiety at the depth of the CA II active site and its stabilization by performing the important interactions with the Zn2+ ion as well as with the key amino acids Thr199 and/or Thr200, while the thioquinazoline moiety with different (un)substituted phenyl tails is stabilized by the formation of various hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with the surrounding amino acids in the binding site.
Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Inhibition Prevents Coronary Artery Remodeling in a Murine Model of Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Stock Angus T. , Parsons Sarah , D'Silva Damian B. , Hansen Jacinta A. , Sharma Varun J. , James Fiona , Starkey Graham , D'Costa Rohit , Gordon Claire L. , Wicks Ian P. 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveRemodeling of the coronary arteries is a common feature in severe cases of Kawasaki disease (KD). This pathology is driven by the dysregulated proliferation of vascular fibroblasts, which can lead to coronary artery aneurysms, stenosis, and myocardial ischemia. We undertook this study to investigate whether inhibiting fibroblast proliferation might be an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent coronary artery remodeling in KD.MethodWe used a murine model of KD (induced by the injection of the Candida albicans water‐soluble complex [CAWS]) and analyzed patient samples to evaluate potential antifibrotic therapies for KD.ResultsWe identified the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway as a potential therapeutic target in KD. The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin potently inhibited cardiac fibroblast proliferation in vitro, and vascular fibroblasts up‐regulated mTOR kinase signaling in vivo in the CAWS mouse model of KD. We evaluated the in vivo efficacy of mTOR inhibition and found that the therapeutic administration of rapamycin reduced vascular fibrosis and intimal hyperplasia of the coronary arteries in CAWS‐injected mice. Furthermore, the analysis of cardiac tissue from KD fatalities revealed that vascular fibroblasts localizing with inflamed coronary arteries up‐regulate mTOR signaling, confirming that the mTOR pathway is active in human KD.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that mTOR signaling contributes to coronary artery remodeling in KD, and that targeting this pathway offers a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent or restrict this pathology in high‐risk KD patients.
Production and Application of Biomaterials Based on Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as Wound Dressing
Authors: Jin Sung Giu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe development of ideal wound dressing with excellent properties, such as exudate absorption capacity, drug release control ability, and increased wound healing, is currently a major requirement for wound healing. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a biodegradable semi‐crystalline synthetic polymer that has been used in the field of biotechnology such as tissue regeneration, wound dressing, and drug delivery systems. In recent years, PVA‐based wound dressing materials have received considerable attention due to their excellent properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, non‐toxicity and low cost. PVA can be used as a wound dressing material to create the necessary moist wound environment, improve the physical properties of the dressing, and increase the wound healing rates. In addition, PVA can also be mixed with other organic and inorganic materials and can be used for drug delivery and wound healing. This review article addresses the role of biomaterials based on PVA mixed with other ingredients for wound dressing. It also focuses on its recent use in wound dressings as carriers of active substances.
A Stable Metal‐azolate Framework with Cyclic Tetracopper(I) Clusters for Highly Selective Electroreduction of CO2 to C2 Products
Authors: Liu Yuan‐Yuan , Wang Zhi‐Shuo , Liao Pei‐Qin , Chen Xiao‐Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is of great significance for constructing electrocatalysts with accurate structures and compositions to pinpoint the active sites, thereby improving the C2 products (C2H4, C2H5OH and CH3COOH) selectivity during electrocatalytic CO2 reduction raction. Here, we report a tetracopper(I) cluster‐based metal‐organic framework that exhibits long‐term stability and remarkable performance for electroreduction CO2 towards C2 products in an H‐type cell with a maximum Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 72%, and delivers a current density of 350 mA cm−2 with a FE(C2) up to 46% in a flow cell device, outperforming most of the Cu‐based electrocatalysts such as Cu derivatives and Cu nanostructured materials. Importantly, no obvious degradation was observed at 350 mA cm–2 over 20 hours of continuous operation, strengthening the practicability. In‐situ infrared spectroscopy analysis showed the cooperative effect of adjacent Cu(I) ions in tetracopper(I) cluster may promote the C−C coupling to generate C2 products.
Child language and autism diagnosis impact hierarchical temporal structure of parent–child vocal interactions in early childhood
Authors: Boorom Olivia , Alviar Camila , Zhang Yumeng , Muñoz Valerie A. , Kello Christopher T. , Lense Miriam D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTiming is critical to successful social interactions. The temporal structure of dyadic vocal interactions emerges from the rhythm, timing, and frequency of each individuals' vocalizations and reflects how the dyad dynamically organizes and adapts during an interaction. This study investigated the temporal structure of vocal interactions longitudinally in parent–child dyads of typically developing (TD) infants (n = 49; 9–18 months; 48% male) and toddlers with ASD (n = 23; 27.2 ± 5.0 months; 91.3% male) to identify how developing language and social skills impact the temporal dynamics of the interaction. Acoustic hierarchical temporal structure (HTS), a measure of the nested clustering of acoustic events across multiple timescales, was measured in free play interactions using Allan Factor. HTS reflects a signal's temporal complexity and variability, with greater HTS indicating reduced flexibility of the dyadic system. Child expressive language significantly predicted HTS (ß = −0.2) longitudinally across TD infants, with greater dyadic HTS associated with lower child language skills. ASD dyads exhibited greater HTS (i.e., more rigid temporal structure) than nonverbal matched (d = 0.41) and expressive language matched TD dyads (d = 0.28). Increased HTS in ASD dyads occurred at timescales >1 s, suggesting greater structuring of pragmatic aspects of interaction. Results provide a new window into how language development and social reciprocity serve as constraints to shape parent–child interaction dynamics and showcase a novel automated approach to characterizing vocal interactions across multiple timescales during early childhood.
Adapting SIMEX to correct for bias due to interval‐censored outcomes in survival analysis with time‐varying exposure
Authors: Abrahamowicz Michal , Beauchamp Marie‐Eve , Moura Cristiano Soares , Bernatsky Sasha , Ferreira Guerra Steve , Danieli Coraline 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMany clinical and epidemiological applications of survival analysis focus on interval‐censored events that can be ascertained only at discrete times of clinic visits. This implies that the values of time‐varying covariates are not correctly aligned with the true, unknown event times, inducing a bias in the estimated associations. To address this issue, we adapted the simulation‐extrapolation (SIMEX) methodology, based on assessing how the estimates change with the artificially increased time between clinic visits. We propose diagnostics to choose the extrapolating function. In simulations, the SIMEX‐corrected estimates reduced considerably the bias to the null and generally yielded a better bias/variance trade‐off than conventional estimates. In a real‐life pharmacoepidemiological application, the proposed method increased by 27% the excess hazard of the estimated association between a time‐varying exposure, representing the 2‐year cumulative duration of past use of a hypertensive medication, and the hazard of nonmelanoma skin cancer (interval‐censored events). These simulation‐based and real‐life results suggest that the proposed SIMEX‐based correction may help improve the accuracy of estimated associations between time‐varying exposures and the hazard of interval‐censored events in large cohort studies where the events are recorded only at relatively sparse times of clinic visits/assessments. However, these advantages may be less certain for smaller studies and/or weak associations.
Splice‐switch oligonucleotide‐based combinatorial platform prioritizes synthetic lethal targets CHK1 and BRD4 against MYC‐driven hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Thng Dexter Kai Hao , Toh Tan Boon , Pigini Paolo , Hooi Lissa , Dan Yock Young , Chow Pierce Kah‐Hoe , Bonney Glenn Kunnath , Rashid Masturah Bte Mohd Abdul , Guccione Ernesto , Wee Dave Keng Boon , Chow Edward Kai‐Hua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDeregulation of MYC is among the most frequent oncogenic drivers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, the clinical success of MYC‐targeted therapies is limited. Synthetic lethality offers an alternative therapeutic strategy by leveraging on vulnerabilities in tumors with MYC deregulation. While several synthetic lethal targets of MYC have been identified in HCC, the need to prioritize targets with the greatest therapeutic potential has been unmet. Here, we demonstrate that by pairing splice‐switch oligonucleotide (SSO) technologies with our phenotypic‐analytical hybrid multidrug interrogation platform, quadratic phenotypic optimization platform (QPOP), we can disrupt the functional expression of these targets in specific combinatorial tests to rapidly determine target–target interactions and rank synthetic lethality targets. Our SSO‐QPOP analyses revealed that simultaneous attenuation of CHK1 and BRD4 function is an effective combination specific in MYC‐deregulated HCC, successfully suppressing HCC progression in vitro. Pharmacological inhibitors of CHK1 and BRD4 further demonstrated its translational value by exhibiting synergistic interactions in patient‐derived xenograft organoid models of HCC harboring high levels of MYC deregulation. Collectively, our work demonstrates the capacity of SSO‐QPOP as a target prioritization tool in the drug development pipeline, as well as the therapeutic potential of CHK1 and BRD4 in MYC‐driven HCC.