bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Irradiation Effect on F321 Austenitic Stainless-Steel: Nanoindentation and Modeling With the Crystal Plasticity Method
Authors: Liu Meidan , Nie Junfeng , Lin Pandong 
Published: February 2022

In this study, 3.5 MeV Fe-ion irradiation experiments were conducted on F321 austenitic stainless-steel at different temperatures and doses. The nanohardness of the unirradiated and irradiated samples was characterized by performing nanoindentation experiments. Irradiation softening and hardening were clearly observed at 20, 100, and 300°C. However, at 300°C, after irradiation softening, the nanohardness first increased and then decreased, as opposed to the nanohardness at 20 and 100°C, which increased as the dose increased. In addition, a crystal plasticity model for a face-centered cubic single-crystal while considering irradiation-induced hardening has been proposed and numerically implemented in the user-material subroutine UMAT of ABAQUS. This was done to simulate the load-depth data of the nanoindentation experiment. The simulated results of the non-irradiated and irradiated F321 austenitic stainless-steel were compared with the experimental data. A good agreement was observed, which demonstrates the effectiveness and accuracy of the model.
Construction and Evaluation of a Clinical Prediction Scoring System for Positive Cervical Margins Under Colposcopy
Authors: Zhu Meiling , Yu Mingyue , Chen Zhengzheng , Zhao Weidong 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCurrently, the commonly used surgical methods for cervical lesions include loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and cold knife conization (CKC). However, the positive rate of surgical margins after LEEP is relatively high, which leads to disease recurrence and places further demand on clinical treatment. This study investigated factors related to positive margins after LEEP and established a scoring system to enhance preoperative risk assessment and surgical selection.Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 411 patients undergoing LEEP surgery for cervical lesions in the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), from January 2016 to March 2021, was performed. Cases were divided into a negative margin group (349 cases) and a positive margin group according to postoperative pathology. In the positive group (62 cases), single-factor and multi-factor analyses screened influencing factors; a logistic and additive scoring system was established; furthermore, a ROC curve was used to evaluate scoring effectiveness.ResultsThe positive rate of resection margins after LEEP was 15.1%. Univariate analysis indicated a relationship to patient age, menopause, preoperative ThinPrep Cytology Test (TCT) results, lesion quadrant number under colposcopy, cervical biopsy, and the result of endocervical curettage (ECC). Multivariate analysis showed that age &gt;35 y, menopause, preoperative TCT being high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), four quadrants being involved under colposcopy, and ECC being HSIL were all independent influencing factors of positive margins after LEEP (P &lt; 0.05). These were included with the above factors to establish a logistic and additive scoring system. When the logistic score was 17, the sensitivity and specificity of predicting positive margins after LEEP were 80.6 and 61.6%, respectively. When the additive score was 6, the sensitivity and specificity were 74.2 and 66.2%, respectively. Both scoring systems had good predictability (area under the curve AUC &gt;0.75).ConclusionsThis study quantified factors influencing positive margins after LEEP and established a scoring system for evaluating patients before surgery to provide a basis for individualized treatment and selection of surgical methods.
The Systemic Inflammation Response Index as an Independent Predictor of Survival in Breast Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhu Mengliu , Chen Li , Kong Xiangyi , Wang Xiangyu , Fang Yi , Li Xingrui , Wang Jing 
Published: February 2022

There is a close relationship between inflammatory cells and tumors, but the pathways that connect the two remain unclear. This research explores the clinical and prognostic value of the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) in breast cancer patients. The study included 477 breast cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 308 breast cancer patients who did not in our center between January 1998 and December 2016. Optimal SIRI threshold values were determined using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Patients were then reclassified as SIRI ≥0.80 group (High SIRI group) and SIRI &lt;0.80 group (Low SIRI group). The outcomes were analyzed by statistical methods. The univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that SIRI independently predicted survival in breast cancer. The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with low SIRI scores were significantly longer in contrast to those with high SIRI scores (41.50 vs. 37.63 months, and 64.57 vs. 58.42 months). Further subgroup analyses revealed that low SIRI score patients who also had either early breast cancer, advanced breast cancer, or different molecular subtypes also possessed longer mean survival time of DFS and OS in contrast to those with high SIRI levels (χ2 = 2.379, p = 0.123, and χ2 = 5.153, p = 0.023; χ2 = 11.080, p = 0.0009 and χ2 = 15.900, p &lt; 0.0001; χ2 = 16.020, p &lt; 0.0001 and χ2 = 22.050, p &lt; 0.0001, respectively). SIRI serves as an easily accessible, replicable, and minimally invasive prognostic tool in breast cancer patients. Lower SIRI scores were predictive of a longer DFS and OS after surgery in breast cancer patients. SIRI may serve as a marker to guide clinical management and prognostication of breast cancer.
Feasibility of Preserving No. 5 and No. 6 Lymph Nodes in Gastrectomy of Proximal Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis of 395 Patients
Authors: Yang Xiao , Zheng Yanan , Feng Runhua , Zhu Zhenggang , Yan Min , Li Chen 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThe extent of regional lymphadenectomy for proximal gastric cancer (PGC) has remained a controversy and a matter of considerable debate for a long time. We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological features to investigate the predictive factors for No. 5 and/or No. 6 lymph node metastases (LNMs) and evaluate the feasibility of performing proximal gastrectomy (PG) with preservation of No. 5 and/or No. 6 lymph nodes for these patients.MethodPatients who had undergone total gastrectomy plus D2 lymphadenectomy in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, from January 2008 to December 2017 were retrospectively collected and analyzed.ResultsAmong the 395 eligible patients in our study, 34 patients (8.61%) had No. 5 and No. 6 LNM. The degree of differentiation, Borrmann classification, vascular or perineural invasion, tumor diameter, depth of invasion, and other perigastric LNM were associated with No. 5 and/or No. 6 LNM. Multivariate analyses showed that tumor diameter ≥4 cm, No. 4 LNM positive, and No. 7, No. 8, No. 9 LNM positive were independent risk factors of No. 5 and/or No. 6 LNM. No. 5 and/or No. 6 LNM was not observed in the 105 patients who were staged from T1 to T3 and were found to be without independent risk factors.ConclusionThe metastatic rate of No. 5 and/or No. 6 lymph node of the proximal gastric adenocarcinoma was closely associated with the diameter of the tumor and other perigastric LNMs. It is feasible to preserve No. 5 and No. 6 lymph nodes with PG for the T1–T3 patients with lower risk of No. 5 and/or No. 6 LNM.
Assessment of Primary Colorectal Cancer CT Radiomics to Predict Metachronous Liver Metastasis
Authors: Li Yue , Gong Jing , Shen Xigang , Li Menglei , Zhang Huan , Feng Feng , Tong Tong 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesTo establish and validate a machine learning-based CT radiomics model to predict metachronous liver metastasis (MLM) in patients with colorectal cancer.MethodsIn total, 323 patients were retrospectively recruited from two independent institutions to develop and evaluate the CT radiomics model. Then, 1288 radiomics features were extracted to decode the imaging phenotypes of colorectal cancer on CT images. The optimal radiomics features were selected using a recursive feature elimination selector configured by a support vector machine. To reduce the bias caused by an unbalanced dataset, the synthetic minority oversampling technique was applied to resample the minority samples in the datasets. Then, both radiomics and clinical features were used to train the multilayer perceptron classifier to develop two classification models. Finally, a score-level fusion model was developed to further improve the model performance.ResultsThe area under the curve (AUC) was 0.78 ± 0.07 for the tumour feature model and 0.79 ± 0.08 for the clinical feature model. The fusion model achieved the best performance, with AUCs of 0.79 ± 0.08 and 0.72 ± 0.07 in the internal and external validation cohorts.ConclusionsRadiomics models based on baseline colorectal contrast-enhanced CT have high potential for MLM prediction. The fusion model combining radiomics and clinical features can provide valuable biomarkers to identify patients with a high risk of colorectal liver metastases.
Factors Associated With Neural Tube Defects Among Newborns Delivered at Debre Berhan Specialized Hospital, North Eastern Ethiopia, 2021. Case-Control Study
Authors: Mulu Getaneh Baye , Atinafu Bantalem Tilaye , Tarekegn Fetene Nigussie , Adane Tigist Demssew , Tadese Mesfin , Wubetu Abate Dargie , Kebede Worku Misganaw 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundNeural tube defects are severe congenital malformations secondary to an abnormal closure of the neural tube between third and fourth weeks of gestational ages. Neural tube defects affect birth outcomes worldwide, with an occurrence of 18.6 per 10,000 live births. In addition, neural tube defects are associated with considerable mortality, morbidity, disability, and socio-economical cost.ObjectiveTo identify factors associated with neural tube defects among newborns delivered at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, 2021.MethodsFacility-based case-control study design was conducted among 381 (127 cases and 254 controls) newborns delivered from June 2019 to June 2021 at Debre Berhan Specialized Hospital. Consecutive and systematic random sampling techniques were used to select cases and controls, respectively. Data were collected using semi-structured checklists. Finally, data were entered using Epidata version 4.2.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. In the bivariable logistic regression model, factors with a p &lt; 0.20 were entered into multivariable logistic regressions. Statistical significance was declared at a p &lt; 0.05.ResultIn this study, 381 newborns (127 cases and 254 controls) participated with a response rate of 100%. In the logistic regression model, mothers who took medication during pregnancy [AOR 1.83 (95% CI 1.08–3.08)], mothers who did not take a balanced diet during pregnancy [AOR 13.46 (95% CI 7.83–23.13)], and mothers who did not take folic acid before and during the first trimester of pregnancy [AOR 1.71 (95% CI 1.01–2.94)] were significantly associated with neural tube defect.Conclusion and RecommendationMothers who took medication during pregnancy, mothers who did not take balanced diets during pregnancy, and mothers who did not take folic acid during pregnancy were the significant factors of neural tube defects. Health care professionals should focus on maternal safe drug prescription, maternal folate intake, and a balanced diet before and during pregnancy.
Agreement Between Caregivers' Concerns of Children's Developmental Problems and Professional Identification in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Ling-Yi , Yu Wen-Hao , Lin Wei-Pin , Chen Chih-Chia , Tu Yi-Fang 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveEarly detection of developmental delays relies on the accuracy of the caregivers' concerns of children's developmental problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the agreement between the caregivers' awareness of children's developmental problems and professional identification.MethodsCaregivers of 1,963 children (age range: 5–71 months; mean: 38.4 months) younger than 6 years old who were at risk of developmental delays and referred to the center for a comprehensive evaluation were enrolled in this study. Children were identified by a transdisciplinary team including a pediatric neurologist, a pediatric psychiatrist, two psychologists, two occupational therapists, two physical therapists, two speech therapists, a social worker, and a special instructor. A series of standardized developmental assessments were used to identify children with developmental delay. Retrospective chart reviews were conducted on all children to confirm specific developmental disorders.ResultsThe caregivers' initial concerns of cognitive, speech/language, emotional/behavioral, and motor and global development showed low agreement with the results of professional identification. The major disagreement was observed in the cognitive domain. Speech/language developmental concern was an important red-flag indicator of cognitive and emotional/behavioral developmental delays. The presence of intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was high in this study. When having caregivers' concerns about speech/language and emotional/behavioral development, the odds of children with autism spectrum disorder was 2.37 and 2.17 times greater than those without autism spectrum disorder, respectively. The presence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was significantly associated with concerns about cognitive and emotional/behavioral developmental delays. Child's age and mothers' level of education were significant indicators for detecting the child's developmental problems.ConclusionIt is recommended that assessing the cognitive developmental status is essential for all children in the identification process. Practitioners should not overlook caregivers' concern about speech/language and emotional/behavioral development. Transdisciplinary practitioners provide educational guidance to caregivers, especially in the domains of cognitive, speech/language, and emotional/behavioral development.
ECHOPAEDIA: Echography in Paediatric Patients in the Age of Coronavirus Disease 2019: Utility of Lung Ultrasound and Chest X-Ray in Diagnosis of Community-Acquired Pneumonia and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia
Authors: Fiorito Ivan , Gori Giulia , Perrone Tiziano , Mascolo Amelia , Caimmi Silvia , Palumbo Ilaria , De Silvestri Annalisa , Delliponti Mariangela , Di Sabatino Antonio , Marseglia Gian Luigi 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundIn recent years, lung ultrasound (LUS) has spread to emergency departments and clinical practise gaining great support, especially in time of pandemic, but only a few studies have been done on children. The aim of the present study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of LUS (using Soldati LUS score) and that of chest X-ray (CXR) in CAP and COVID-19 pneumonia in paediatric patients. Secondary objective of the study is to examine the association between LUS score and disease severity. Finally, we describe the local epidemiology of paediatric CAP during the study period in the era of COVID-19 by comparing it with the previous 2 years.MethodsThis is an observational retrospective single-centre study carried out on patients aged 18 or younger and over the month of age admitted to the Paediatric Unit of our Foundation for suspected community-acquired pneumonia or SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia during the third pandemic wave of COVID-19. Quantitative variables were elaborated with Shapiro–Wilks test or median and interquartile range (IQR). Student's t-test was used for independent data. Association between quantitative data was evaluated with Pearson correlation. ROC curve analysis was used to calculate best cut-off of LUS score in paediatric patients. Area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensibility, and specificity are also reported with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsThe diagnostic accuracy of the LUS score in pneumonia, the area underlying the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.27–1) thus showing a discrete discriminatory power, with a sensitivity of 89.66% and specificity 50% setting a LUS score greater than or equal to 1 as the best cut-off. Nine patients required oxygen support and a significant statistical correlation (p = 0.0033) emerged between LUS score and oxygen therapy. The mean LUS score in patients requiring oxygen therapy was 12. RCP was positively correlated to the patient's LUS score (p = 0.0024).ConclusionsOur study has shown that LUS is a valid alternative to CXR. Our results show how LUS score can be applied effectively for the diagnosis and stratification of paediatric pneumonia.
Change Blindness in Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Use of Eye-Tracking
Authors: Hochhauser Michal , Aran Adi , Grynszpan Ouriel 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThis study investigated change detection of central or marginal interest in images using a change-blindness paradigm with eye tracking.MethodEighty-four drug-naïve adolescents [44 with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)/40 controls with typical development] searched for a change in 36 pairs of original and modified images, with an item of central or marginal interest present or absent, presented in rapid alternation. Collected data were detection rate, response time, and gaze fixation duration, latency, and dispersion data.ResultsBoth groups' change-detection times were similar, with no speed–accuracy trade-off. No between-group differences were found in time to first fixation, fixation duration, or scan paths. Both groups performed better for items of central level of interest. The ADHD group demonstrated greater fixation dispersion in scan paths for central- and marginal-interest items.ConclusionResults suggest the greater gaze dispersion may lead to greater fatigue in tasks that require longer attention duration.
Mindfulness Practice Is Associated With Subjective Wellbeing Homeostasis Resilience in People With Crohn's Disease but Not Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Lyall Kimina , Beswick Lauren , Evans Subhadra , Cummins Robert A. , Mikocka-Walus Antonina 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesPeople with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (inflammatory bowel disease: IBD), commonly experience high levels of depressive symptoms and stress and low levels of subjective wellbeing (SWB). Mindfulness is increasingly considered an adjuvant IBD treatment. The relationships between depression, disease symptoms and mindfulness have not previously been considered within the theory of SWB homeostasis. This theory states that SWB is normally maintained by a homeostatic system around a setpoint range but can fail when psychological challenges dominate consciousness. This study explored the relationship among SWB and patient-reported psychological and IBD symptoms and investigated whether mindfulness practice is independently associated with SWB homeostatic resilience.DesignThis cross-sectional study recruited participants through online IBD support groups.MethodsParticipants (n = 739; 62% Crohn's disease) detailed symptoms of depression and stress, patient-reported disease symptoms, and regularity of mindfulness practice.ResultsThe sample had significantly lower SWB (hedges g = −0.98) than normative data. A logistic regression found mindfulness practice doubled the Crohn's disease participants' odds of reporting SWB within the normal homeostatic range, after controlling for psychological, physical, and demographic variables (OR 2.15, 95% CI: 1.27, 3.66). A one-point increase of patient-reported bowel symptoms reduced the participant's odds of reporting SWB in the normal homeostatic range by about a third (OR 0.66, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.85). However, the influence of mindfulness or disease symptoms on SWB was not observed for people with ulcerative colitis.ConclusionThese findings provide initial evidence for an association between mindfulness and SWB homeostatic resilience in a clinical population.
Comparing the Effects of Melatonin and Zolpidem on Mental Health and Sexual Function in Men With Opioid Addiction: Evidence From a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Amini Zahra , Moeini Mina , Etminani Negin 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundMental health problems and impaired sexual function are widely reported among those suffering from drug abuse, particularly among those under methadone maintenance therapy (MMT).AimsThe current study aimed to, firstly, investigate the effect of melatonin and zolpidem on mental health and sexual function of those with drug abuse under MMT, and, secondly, to compare the effects of melatonin and zolpidem on the studied outcomes.MethodsThe current randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 98 participants who were randomly assigned into three groups of melatonin (n = 34), zolpidem (n = 32), and placebo (n = 32). All participants received the intervention once a day for 30 days, without changes in nutrition. Mental health and sexual function were measured before and 30 days after the intervention.ResultsThe mean age of participants in the groups of melatonin, zolpidem, and placebo was 35.8 ± 9.6 years (22–58 years of old), 35.9 ± 9.3 years (21–58), and 37.2 ± 7.8 years (26–53), respectively. Sexual function mean score was significantly increased from 38 to 41 in the melatonin group, while it deceased in zolpidem (from 39.1 to 38) and placebo (39.25–38.59) groups. Also, mental health mean scores improved statistically significantly in the melatonin group (from 60.65 to 43.56; p = 0.002), and descriptively in the zolpidem group (57.88–51.18; p = 0.129). Concerning both outcomes, the observed improvement was considerably higher in the melatonin group. The highest improvement was observed in dimensions of overall satisfaction and depression in the melatonin group (1.18 and −8.4, respectively).ConclusionMelatonin could significantly improve both mental health and some domains of sexual function of those with drug abuse under MMT, while zolpidem did not show a significant effect.Trial Registration Numberhttps://www.irct.ir/trial/53047, identifier: IRCT20201214049718N1.
Association Between Parental Parenting Style Disparities and Mental Health: An Evidence From Chinese Medical College Students
Authors: Ding Gan , Xu Lingzhong , Sun Long 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe associations between parental parenting styles and adolescents' development and health problems were also identified in a series of studies. However, the interactive impact of mother's and father's parenting style was less reported, which was implied in previous studies. In this study, we aim to analyze the associations between parental parenting style disparities and mental health among medical college students.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted among medical college students in Shandong province, China, and 2,598 medical college students with parents were analyzed in this study. Items in a short form of Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU) were used to calculate the parental parenting style disparities. Mental health was evaluated by the Kessler 10 scale.ResultsThe results of linear regressions showed that parental nurture reject disparities (RDs, β = 0.50,p&lt; 0.001), parental emotional warmth disparities (WDs, β = 0.33,p&lt; 0.001), parental overprotective disparities (ODs, β = 0.25,p&lt; 0.001), and total disparities in parenting styles (TDs, β = 0.15,p&lt; 0.001) were associated with mental health among medical college students, respectively. The other associated factors were age, ethnicity, chronic disease, above average family economic status, and good parental relationship.ConclusionOur findings supported the positive association between parental parenting style disparities and mental health problems. Further studies can test the mechanism and intervention of the findings about the importance of parental parenting style consistence on mental health.