bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What determines health professionals’ COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy? A nationwide study
Authors: Estrela Marta , Magalhães Silva Tânia , Roque Vítor , Rebelo Gomes Eva , Roque Fátima , Herdeiro Maria Teresa , Figueiras Adolfo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo contain the COVID‐19 pandemic, higher vaccination rates are essential. However, as vaccine hesitancy is a reality, it is important to understand what drives health professionals to refuse getting vaccinated against COVID‐19, who have been in the frontline of this pandemic since its beginning and may be key actors to improve vaccine coverage among their patients.PurposeThis study aims to assess the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy (VH) among health professionals (physicians, nurses, pharmacists and dentists).MethodsA nationwide cross‐sectional study was conducted through an online survey, with 890 Portuguese health professionals. A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of the independent variables (perceptions, knowledge and attitudes) per 1‐point increase in the Likert scale and VH.ResultsComplacency, communications, confidence and convenience were strongly associated with VH probability. Concerns about vaccines’ efficacy (ORPhysicians = 8.33, 95% CI: 4.51–15.36) and safety (ORNurses = 11.07, 95% CI: 4.12–29.77) increase the risk of VH on all health professional groups. A reduction of VH probability is associated with higher risk perceptions of getting infected (1/ORNurses = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.52–5.02) and suffering complications (1/ORNurses = 33.72, 95% CI: 8.48–134.13), higher confidence in the effectiveness of COVID‐19 vaccines (1/ORDentists = 12.29, 95% CI: 2.91–51.89), risk perception of getting infected if vaccinated (1/ORPhysicians = 14.92, 95% CI: 6.85–32.50), risk of suffering from complications after getting vaccinated, and higher trust levels on the information transmitted by competent authorities (1/ORDentists = 17.76, 95% CI: 3.83–82.22).ConclusionsTo reduce COVID‐19 VH, which appears to be highly influenced by perceptions, knowledge and attitudes, it is essential to promote interventions directed to transforming these potentially modifiable determinants.
Retained dental roots of adults: A nationwide population study with panoramic radiographs
Authors: Koskela Sanna , Vehkalahti Miira M. , Suominen Anna L. , Huumonen Sisko , Ventä Irja 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the occurrence and nature of retained dental roots and their associations with demographics in the Finnish adult population. From the cross‐sectional nationwide Health 2000 Survey of the Finnish population aged 30 years and older, 6005 participants with clinical oral examination and panoramic radiographs were included. Occurrence and characteristics of all retained dental roots were examined. Statistical analyses included χ2, Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests, and SAS‐SUDAAN calculations. The mean age of the 6005 participants (46% men and 54% women) was 53 (SD 14.6) years. At least one retained dental root was observed in 13% (n = 754) of the participants. The 1350 retained roots included 461 (34%) roots retained entirely in bone and 889 (66%) partly in bone. The most common location of a retained dental root was the third molar region. Occurrence of retained roots partly in bone was associated with male sex and lower education. Occurrence of retained third molar roots entirely in bone was associated with female sex, younger age, higher education, and living in a city. Among all retained dental roots, the preponderance of third molars emphasized the demanding nature of extracting the third molar in women.
Warming enhances dominance of vascular plants over cryptogams across northern wetlands
Authors: Bao Tao , Jia Gensuo , Xu Xiyan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractClimate warming causes profound effects on structure and function of wetland ecosystem, thus affecting regional and global hydrological cycles and carbon budgets. However, how wetland plants respond to warming is still poorly understood. Here, we synthesized observations from 273 independent sites to explore responses of northern wetland plants to warming. Our results show that warming enhances biomass accumulation for vascular plants including shrubs and graminoids, whereas it reduces biomass accumulation for cryptogams including moss and lichen. This divergent response of vascular plants and cryptogams is particularly pronounced in the high latitudes where permafrost prevails. As warming continues, this divergent response is amplified, however, the reduction in cryptogams is more drastic. Warming leads to declined surface soil moisture and lowered water table, thereby shifting wetlands from a wet system dominated by cryptogams to a drier system with increased cover of vascular plants. Under a high‐emission scenario of Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP5), a 4.7–5.1°C mean global temperature rise will cause more than fivefold loss of cryptogams compared with current climate. As cryptogams are largely concentrated at northern high latitudes, where warming will likely be greater than the projected global mean, modification in wetland plant composition and major reduction in cryptogams are expected to occur even much earlier than 2100.
Effectiveness of physical exercise on postural balance in patients with haemophilia: A systematic review
Authors: Chimeno‐Hernández Ana , Querol‐Giner Felipe , Pérez‐Alenda Sofía , Núñez‐Cortés Rodrigo , Cruz‐Montecinos Carlos , Carrasco Juan J. , Aguilar‐Rodríguez Marta 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionBalance training is important to improve balance and to decrease the risk of falls in patients with haemophilia (PWH).AimTo analyse the current knowledge about the effectiveness of physical exercise on postural balance in PWH.MethodsA systematic search for clinical trials, published before November 2021, was conducted using the following electronic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Wiley Online Library and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Two independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. The certainty of the evidence was analyzed using GRADE.ResultsA total of ten studies involving 304 patients were included. The studies performed strength and balance exercises, and some included flexibility, mobilization, and/or aerobic exercises in their training programs. Postural balance was evaluated using a force platform and the one leg stand test was the most frequently used. Only five exercise programs achieved a significant increase in balance (pre‐post) with a strength, postural balance, flexibility, and aerobic intervention. In general, the quality rate of the risk of bias was fair but the overall quality of the evidence across the studies was very low.ConclusionFive studies showed that there is a positive change in balance after the intervention. However, there is currently an unclear demonstration of evidence for the use of physical exercises to improve postural balance in people with haemophilia. Further studies with a higher methodological quality are needed.
Game affordance, gamer orientation, and in‐game purchases: A hedonic–instrumental framework
Authors: Wang Le , Sun Yongqiang , Luo Xin (Robert) 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDespite extensive research on user behaviours in free‐to‐play games, what motivates users to purchase in‐game items is still not well understood. We classify game affordances, gamer orientations, and in‐game items into two dimensions according to the instrumental–hedonic dichotomy. Utilising the affordance theory, we propose that the fit between game affordances and gamer orientation determines game identification, whereas the fit between game identification and gamer orientations determines in‐game purchases. We test the proposed model using a two‐wave longitudinal survey. The results suggest that instrumental gamer orientation strengthens the relationship between instrumental game affordances and game identification as well as the relationship between game identification and instrumental in‐game purchase. A hedonic gamer orientation strengthens the relationship between hedonic game affordances and game identification as well as the relationship between game identification and hedonic in‐game purchases. This paper identifies different types of game affordances and gamer orientations and examines the interactions between the two, advancing the theoretical understanding of proactive behaviours in free‐to‐play games.
Maintaining social support while social distancing: The longitudinal benefit of basic psychological needs for symptoms of anxiety during the COVID‐19 outbreak
Authors: Costa Sebastiano , Canale Natale , Mioni Giovanna , Cellini Nicola 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough social distancing measures could be potentially perceived as thwarting conditions for basic psychological needs and thus causing psychological distress, off(on)line social support could compensate for this frustration by providing psychological proximity. Using self‐determination theory, in this study, we aimed (a) to evaluate the change of perception in need satisfaction over time (before and during home‐confinement and after a month of lockdown) and (b) to test the short‐term longitudinal association between off(on)line social support, basic needs, and anxiety during social distancing measures in response to the COVID‐19 outbreak. During the lockdown period decreed by Italy in March 2019 to confront the COVID‐19 emergency, 1344 participants completed an online questionnaire and 131 participants completed a follow‐up after 1 month. Results showed a decrease in need satisfaction during home confinement and a further reduction after a month of lockdown. Cross‐sectional path analysis showed that both online and offline social support were associated with higher need satisfaction, which, in turn, was related to a lower level of anxiety. Longitudinal paths also confirmed the association between need satisfaction and anxiety. Collectively, these results suggest that maintaining psychological proximity despite social distancing measures may provide important avenues for reducing negative outcomes during forced home confinement.
The road not taken: A comparison of Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases and securities class actions
Authors: Ahn Jae Hwan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDespite the controversial debate over the role of public enforcement and private litigation in detecting and deterring financial misreporting, we have only scant literature comparing their enforcement outcomes: The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)‐sanctioned cases (Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases [AAERs]) and settled class actions against which the SEC did not file cases (securities class‐action lawsuits [SCALs]). This paper documents systematic differences between the two. Specifically, AAERs exhibit a larger magnitude of accruals prior to misreporting, as well as greater financing needs and insider trading during manipulation periods. After controlling for case backlogs in the SEC and the courts, the misreporting amount and period of AAERs are also greater and longer than those of SCALs, although SCALs represent greater settlement amounts. Further analysis indicates that resource constraints do not critically undermine the SEC investigations to detect more material misreporting cases. However, plaintiff investors appear to go forum shopping to earn greater settlement proceeds from SCALs. Finally, relative to SCALs, AAERs experienced significant drops in firm performance, analyst following and CEO tenure around SEC sanctions. Overall, this study provides consistent evidence supporting the SEC's optimization of detection rates under resource constraints and the strategic interaction between SEC enforcement and private litigation.
Estimates of genetic parameters for linear body measurements and prediction of body weight in goat
Authors: Dige Mahesh Shivanand , Rout Pramod Kumar , Singh Manoj Kumar , Bhusan Saket , Kaushik Rakesh , Gowane Gopal Ramdasji 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study is to estimate genetic parameters for linear body measurements along with their correlation to live weight with a focus on devising a scale to predict live weights from body measurement. A total of 142,564 records on body measures and live weights were collected from 8701 Jamunapari goats. Genetic parameters were obtained for body length (L), height at withers (H) and heart girth (G) from birth to adult stage by univariate and multivariate analysis using the average information restricted maximum likelihood method. The best model for body measures at birth included the additive effect of animal and dam along with their covariance and maternal environment, whereas for traits measured later in life, the maternal environment was not significant. After accounting for the direct maternal correlation (ram), the total heritability estimates for linear body measurements (L,H and G) at the preweaning and postweaning stages of growth ranged from 0.14 to 0.20. Significant genetic variability implies further scope for selection. The genetic correlations of live weight at birth, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months with corresponding L,H and G were high in magnitude indicating scope to select animals for higher weight using morphometric measurements. When weighing scales are unavailable in the field, prediction of weight using L and G was recommended [live weight = (0.291 × L) + (0.306 × G) − 16.8]. We recommend the use of body measurements in the Jamunapari goat breeding program owing to their high genetic correlation with corresponding live weights.
Is prophylactic ablation of the cavotricuspid and peri‐incisional isthmus justified in patients with postoperative atrial flutter after right atriotomy?
Authors: Benak Attila , Kupo Peter , Bencsik Gabor , Makai Attila , Saghy Laszlo , Pap Robert 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe two most common postoperative atrial flutter (AFL) circuits after right atriotomy are the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) dependent and the lateral, peri‐incisional. We investigated whether radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of both circuits results in more favorable long‐term outcomes.MethodsSingle‐center retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients who underwent RFA of AFL after open‐heart surgery. The effect of surgery type and RFA strategy on AFL recurrence was evaluated.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐two patients (mean age 64.5 ± 12.7 years, 65.% male) were enrolled. Patients with right atrial (RA) flutter (n = 124) were divided into two groups based on the index RFA procedure: only one RA circuit was ablated (Group 1, n = 84, 67.7%) or both the CTI and the peri‐incisional circuit ablated (Group 2, n = 40, 32.3%). The previous open‐heart surgery was categorized based on the extension of the RA incision: limited (Type A) or extended (Type B) atriotomy. After a mean follow‐up of 36 ± 28 months, flutter recurrence was not different among patients with limited RA atriotomy (25% vs. 22% in Groups 1A and 2A, respectively, p = 1.0). However, after type B surgery, ablation of both AFL circuits was associated with a reduced recurrence rate (63% vs. 26% in Groups 1B and 2B, respectively, p = .002).ConclusionsIn patients with postoperative RA flutter after extended right atriotomy, ablation of both the CTI and the peri‐incisional isthmus significantly reduces the AFL recurrence rate. Prophylactic ablation of both isthmi, even if not proven to support reentry, is reasonable in this population.
The impact of undernutrition on KNDy (kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin) neurons in female lambs
Authors: Harlow KaLynn , Griesgraber Max J. , Seman Andrew D. , Shuping Sydney L. , Sommer Jeffrey R. , Griffith Emily H. , Hileman Stanley M. , Nestor Casey C 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUndernutrition limits reproduction through inhibition of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH)/luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. Because KNDy neurons coexpress neuropeptides that play stimulatory (kisspeptin and neurokinin B [NKB]) and inhibitory (dynorphin) roles in pulsatile GnRH/LH release, we hypothesized that undernutrition would inhibit kisspeptin and NKB expression at the same time as increasing dynorphin expression. Fifteen ovariectomized lambs were either fed to maintain pre‐study body weight (controls) or feed‐restricted to lose 20% of pre‐study body weight (FR) over 13 weeks. Blood samples were collected and plasma from weeks 0 and 13 were assessed for LH by radioimmunoassay. At week 13, animals were killed, and brain tissue was processed for assessment of KNDy peptide mRNA or protein expression. Mean LH and LH pulse amplitude were lower in FR lambs compared to controls. We observed lower mRNA abundance for kisspeptin within KNDy neurons of FR lambs compared to controls with no significant change in mRNA for NKB or dynorphin. We also observed that FR lambs had fewer numbers of arcuate nucleus kisspeptin and NKB perikarya compared to controls. These findings support the idea that KNDy neurons are important for regulating reproduction during undernutrition in female sheep.
Hair growth‐promoting effects of Camellia seed cake extract in human dermal papilla cells and C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Wang Jing , Shen Huchi , Chen Timson , Ma Ling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesCamellia seed cake is a by‐product of Camellia oleifera Abel seed after oil extraction. Washing hair with Camellia seed cake extract is a traditional Chinese custom that has lasted for over one thousand years. However, the hair growth‐promoting effects of Camellia seed cake extract were not investigated so far. This work examined the effects of de‐saponinated Camellia seed cake extracts (DS‐CSE) on hair growth, using in vitro and in vivo models.MethodsThe studies on cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and K+ channels activation effects of DS‐CSE were performed on human dermal papilla cells (DPCs). Relative expression of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β1) in DPCs was determined by RT‐PCR. Relative expression of ERK and AKT was determined by Western blot analysis. Hair growth‐promoting effects were also measured in C57BL/6J mice model.ResultsDS‐CSE treatment significantly proliferated DPCs, relating to the increased proportion of DPCs in S and G2/M phases, the activation of potassium channels and the promoted phosphorylation of ERK and AKT in DPCs. DS‐CSE treatment also significantly upregulated the mRNA levels of HGF, VEGF and IGF‐1, and downregulated the mRNA level of TGF‐β1. Topical application of DS‐CSE promoted hair growth on shaven back mice and also upregulated the expression of VEGF in mice.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that DS‐CSE exerts a hair growth‐promoting effect in vitro and in vivo by proliferating DPCs through the ERK and AKT signaling pathways and regulating the expression of growth factors.
Transdermal buprenorphine improves overall quality of life and symptom severity in cancer patients with pain
Authors: Shen Wen‐Chi , Hou Ming‐Mo , Huang Tai‐Lin , Wang Cheng‐Hsu , Huang Yen‐Min , Chen Jen‐Shi , Chen Mei‐Ling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAim and ObjectivesThis study explored the effect of transdermal buprenorphine on quality of life and six symptoms in cancer patients with pain.BackgroundTransdermal opioids offer advantages over traditional routes of administration. The impact of transdermal buprenorphine on quality of life for patients with cancer in Asian populations is unknown.DesignThis study employed a single‐arm observational repeated measures design. Cancer patients with pain were evaluated prior to treatment (baseline). Over a 4‐week treatment period, quality of life and symptoms were assessed at 2 and 4 weeks. This study adhered to the recommendations of STROBE guidelines.MethodsThis multi‐site study was conducted in six hospitals located across northern, middle and southern Taiwan. Adult cancer patients whose pain was previously stable with opioid analgesics and, based on clinical judgement, were able to convert to transdermal buprenorphine treatment were invited to participate. Quality of life was measured with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ‐C30).ResultsGeneralised estimating equations showed participants who completed at least one follow‐up measurement (N = 80) over 4‐weeks had a significant improvement in overall quality of life. Functional status only improved for social functioning. However, symptom severity decreased significantly for nausea/vomiting, pain, insomnia and constipation.ConclusionsThe study provides initial evidence supporting transdermal buprenorphine for providing beneficial effects of improving quality of life and reducing severity of symptoms in Asian patients with cancer.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings of this study can inform the clinical practice that the use of transdermal buprenorphine in cancer patients with pain may also reduce the severity of other symptoms and improve overall quality of life.Trial registration detailsThis study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier: NCT04315831.
Impact of baby behaviour on caregiver's infant feeding decisions during the first 6 months of life: A systematic review
Authors: Vilar‐Compte Mireya , Pérez‐Escamilla Rafael , Orta‐Aleman Dania , Cruz‐Villalba Valeria , Segura‐Pérez Sofía , Nyhan Kate , Richter Linda M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCaregivers are often concerned about baby behaviours. Without adequate counselling, parental response can lead to altering infant feeding and jeopardizing breastfeeding. We conducted a systematic review to assess the evidence about the influence of baby behaviours perceived as problematic (crying, sleep waking and posseting) on infant feeding decisions during the first 6 months of life (self‐reported milk insufficiency, breastfeeding duration and introduction of formula). The review focused on quantitative studies published in English, Portuguese or Spanish without date restriction. The search was designed with the support of a medical librarian and conducted in seven databases. Data were managed in Covidence and risk of bias was assessed through the Johanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists. Synthesis of the literature was guided by a conceptual model of the impact of baby behaviours on caregivers feeding practices. We retrieved and reviewed 4312 titles/abstracts and selected 22 for review; 10 were purely descriptive and 12 were cross‐sectional, prospective and quasi‐experimental studies. Although studies from diverse regions were included in the review, more than half were from high‐income countries. All studies reported that baby behaviours affect feeding decisions, the most common baby behaviours studied were crying and fussiness, and the studies suggested relationships with lactation problems and reports of milk insufficiency, maternal breastfeeding confidence, breastfeeding duration and discontinuation, and introduction of formula. There are many factors that lead to perceiving baby behaviours as problematic and there is a need to provide anticipatory guidance to parents and caregivers, starting in pregnancy and counselling through well‐trained health providers.