bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The quality of nursing documentation and standardized nursing diagnoses in the children's hospital electronic nursing records
Authors: Nool Irma , Tupits Mare , Parm Lily , Hõrrak Eha , Ojasoo Merle 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of the paper is to compare the quality of nursing documentation in the Children's Hospital before and after the NANDA‐I nursing diagnoses training.MethodsResearch employed the interventional study design, and pre–post study design. Before and after the NANDA‐I nursing diagnoses training, 50 nursing records were analyzed in the interventional pre–post study, using D‐Catch instrument.ResultsThe most often documented problem‐centered nursing diagnosis before training was anxiety and after the training, hyperthermia. The most common risk diagnoses before and after the training was risk of infection. Before the training, one health promotion diagnosis was determined in the nursing records, and after the training the number increased to four. The highest value was given to readability of the nursing documentation both before and after the training. The lowest score before the training was given to the quality determiners of the accurate nursing diagnoses and after the training given to the determiners of the results’ quantity. The sum score of documenting the nursing interventions was the most inconsistent before the training and after the training. The most consistent was the readability of the nursing records before and after the training. Statistically significant differences in the improvement of quality were revealed in all areas except for the readability of the nursing documentation and the quantity of nursing assessment.ConclusionsThe results of the study revealed that following the training, the quality of nursing documentation improved, the wording of the nursing diagnoses improved, and the number of accurate nursing diagnoses had increased.Implications for Nursing PracticeResults of the research provide an overview of the importance of the training in improving the quality of nursing documentation and aid the educators in planning the trainings, focusing more on the challenges in the documentation.
Prevalence and determinants of reticular pseudodrusen in the Russian Ural Eye and Medical Study
Authors: Bikbov Mukharram M. , Kazakbaeva Gyulli M. , Rakhimova Ellina M. , Rusakova Iuliia A. , Gilmanshin Timur R. , Zainullin Rinat M. , Panda‐Jonas Songhomitra , Fakhretdinova Albina A. , Tuliakova Azaliia M. , Safiullina Kamilia R. , Bolshakova Natalia I. , Gizzatov Ainur V. , Ponomarev Ildar P. , Jonas Jost B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeTo assess the prevalence of reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) and their determinants.MethodsThe Population‐based Ural Eye and Medical Study conducted in Bashkortostan/Russia included 5899 participants aged 40+ years. Presence of RPDs was assessed on conventional colour fundus photographs, red‐free fundus images and optical coherence tomographic images.ResultsThe study included 4914 (83.3%) individuals (mean age: 58.5 ± 10.5 years; range: 40–94 years). Using two age limits (>55 years and 40+ years) for the definitions of RPD and AMD (age‐related macular degeneration), RPD prevalence was 186/4914 (3.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.3, 4.3) and 246/4914 (5.0%, 95% CI: 4.4, 5.6), respectively, and the prevalence of any AMD without RPD was 182/4914 (3.7%: 95% CI: 3.2, 4.2) and 224/4914 (4.6%; 95% CI: 4.0, 5.1) respectively. Within the subgroup of early AMD, intermediate AMD and late AMD, RPD prevalence (age limit: 40+ years) was 55.1% (95% CI: 49.5, 60.8), 42.9% (95% CI: 33.8, 51.9) and 33.3% (95% CI: 16.4, 50.3) respectively. In multivariable analysis, higher RPD prevalence (age limit 40+ years) was associated with higher age (odds ratio (OR): 1.08; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.10; p < 0.001), rural region of habitation (OR: 3.81; 95% CI: 2.76, 5.24; p < 0.001) and lower percentage of lymphocytes on leukocyte counts (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.93, 0.97; p < 0.001). Higher prevalence of any AMD without RPD was associated with urban region (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.11; p = 0.002), lower diabetes prevalence (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.90; p = 0.02) and shorter axial length (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.98; p = 0.03), after adjusting for age.ConclusionsReticular pseudodrusen (mean prevalence: 3.8% (age limit >55 years); 5.0% (age limit 40+ years)) differs from AMD without RPD in its association with urban region (AMD without RPD: rural region), lower lymphocyte percentage (AMD without RPD: no association) and a lack of associations with axial length (AMD without RPD: shorter axial length) and with diabetes prevalence (AMD without RPD: lower diabetes prevalence).
Population pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic modelling of platelet time‐courses following administration of abrocitinib
Authors: Wojciechowski Jessica , Malhotra Bimal K. , Wang Xiaoxing , Fostvedt Luke , Valdez Hernan , Nicholas Timothy 
Published: March 2022

AimsAbrocitinib is a selective Janus kinase 1 inhibitor for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis. Herein we describe the time‐course of drug‐induced platelet reduction following abrocitinib administration, identify covariates affecting platelet counts, and determine the probability of patients experiencing thrombocytopaenia while receiving abrocitinib.MethodsThis analysis included data from two Phase 2 and three Phase 3 studies in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis patient populations administered abrocitinib 10–400 mg QD orally for up to 12 weeks, with platelet counts determined up to week 16. A semi‐mechanistic model was developed to assess the impact of baseline platelet counts (170, 220 and 270 × 1000/μL), age and race on the platelet nadir and week 12 counts with once‐daily abrocitinib 200 mg or 100 mg.ResultsDecreases in platelet counts were transient with the nadir occurring on average 24 days (95% prediction interval, 23–24) after continuous administration of abrocitinib 200 mg QD. Following administration of once‐daily abrocitinib 200 mg, the probabilities of thrombocytopaenia (<150 × 1000/μL) at the nadir were 8.6% and 95.5% for the typical patient with baseline platelet count of 270 × 1000/μL or 170 × 1000/μL, respectively. Adolescents had a lower probability of thrombocytopaenia compared with adults; platelet count distribution was similar in Asian and Western patients at the nadir and at week 12.ConclusionThis analysis supports the safety of once‐daily abrocitinib 200 mg and 100 mg dosing regimens, with low probability of thrombocytopaenia during treatment, except for higher risk of low‐grade thrombocytopaenia that diminished after 4 weeks in patients with low baseline platelet counts.
Establishment of a monoclonal antibody against glycosylated CD271 specific for cancer cells in immunohistochemistry
Authors: Fujii Keitaro , Morita Shinkichi , Mochizuki Mai , Shibuya‐Takahashi Rie , Fujimori Haruna , Yamaguchi Kazunori , Abe Jiro , Yamazaki Tomoko , Imai Takayuki , Sugamura Kazuo , Yasuda Jun , Satoh Kennichi , Sato Ikuro , Saito‐Koyama Ryoko , Fujishima Fumiyoshi , Sasano Hironobu , Kato Yukinari , Matsuura Kazuto , Asada Yukinori , Tamai Keiichi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVarious proteins are highly expressed in cancer (e.g., epidermal growth factor receptor); however, the majority are also expressed in normal cells, although they may differ in expression intensity. Recently, we reported that CD271 (nerve growth factor receptor), a glycosylated protein, increases malignant behavior of cancer, particularly stemlike phenotypes in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). CD271 is expressed in SCC and in normal epithelial basal cells. Glycosylation alterations generally occur in cancer cells; therefore, we attempted to establish a cancer‐specific anti‐glycosylated CD271 antibody. We purified recombinant glycosylated CD271 protein, immunized mice with the protein, and screened hybridomas using an ELISA assay with cancer cell lines. We established a clone G4B1 against CD271 which is glycosylated with O‐glycan and sialic acid. The G4B1 antibody reacted with the CD271 protein expressed in esophageal cancer, but not in normal esophageal basal cells. This specificity was confirmed in hypopharyngeal and cervical cancers. G4B1 antibody recognized the fetal esophageal epithelium and Barrett's esophagus, which possess stem cell–like characteristics. In conclusion, G4B1 antibody could be useful for precise identification of dysplasia and cancer cells in SCC.
Childhood appendicitis and future risk of inflammatory bowel disease – A nationwide cohort study in Sweden 1973–2017
Authors: Kiasat Ali , Ekström Lucas D. , Marsk Richard , Löf‐Granström Anna , Gustafsson Ulf O. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the association between juvenile appendicitis, treated conservatively or with appendectomy, and adult risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), either ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD). We used nationwide population data from more than 100,000 individuals followed for over four decades.MethodAll Swedish patients discharged with a diagnosis of appendicitis before the age of 16 years between 1973 to 1996 were identified. Everyone diagnosed with appendicitis was matched to an individual in the general population without a history of juvenile appendicitis (unexposed) of similar age, sex and region of residence. The study population was retrospectively followed until 2017 for any development of UC or CD. Cox proportional‐hazards models compared disease‐free survival time between exposed and unexposed individuals, also analysing the impact of treatment (conservative treatment versus appendectomy).ResultsThe final cohort consisted of 52,391 individuals exposed to appendicitis (1,674,629 person years) and 51,415 unexposed individuals (1,638,888 person years). Childhood appendicitis with appendectomy was associated with a significantly lower risk of adult IBD [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.48 (0.42–0.55)], UC [aHR 0.30 (0.25–0.36)] and CD [aHR 0.82 (0.68–0.97)]. Those treated conservatively had a lower risk of adult UC [aHR 0.29 (0.12–0.69)] but not CD [aHR 1.12 (0.61–2.06)] compared with unexposed individuals.ConclusionJuvenile appendicitis treated with appendectomy was associated with a decreased risk of adult IBD, both UC and CD. Those treated conservatively instead of with surgery had a lower risk of UC only. Our findings warrant more research on the role of the appendix and gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD.
Mixed Monetary–Fiscal Policies and Macroeconomic Fluctuations: An Analysis Based on the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model
Authors: Wang Xi , Li Jiayang , Zhang Guangbin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe existing literature on macroeconomic policy research is mainly concerned with the impact of a single monetary or fiscal policy on China's macroeconomic fluctuations in a closed economy. However, the effect of a mix of monetary and fiscal policies has been neglected. This paper addresses this issue with an open economy dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model. It applies impulse‐response and welfare analyses to explore the stabilization effect of various mixes of monetary and fiscal policies. The results show that the optimal monetary policy and fiscal policy mix varies in different cases. When government spending shocks happen, the aggressive fiscal policy and passive monetary policy would be the best choice. In contrast, for domestic interest rate shocks, foreign interest rate shocks, and foreign consumption shocks, the passive fiscal policy and aggressive monetary policy are more applicable. This article explains China's economic fluctuations and highlights the importance of mix of monetary and fiscal policies in the face of different shocks.
How infant‐directed actions enhance infants’ attention, learning, and exploration: Evidence from EEG and computational modeling
Authors: Meyer Marlene , van Schaik Johanna E. , Poli Francesco , Hunnius Sabine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhen teaching infants new actions, parents tend to modify their movements. Infants prefer these infant‐directed actions (IDAs) over adult‐directed actions and learn well from them. Yet, it remains unclear how parents’ action modulations capture infants’ attention. Typically, making movements larger than usual is thought to draw attention. Recent findings, however, suggest that parents might exploit movement variability to highlight actions. We hypothesized that variability in movement amplitude rather than higher amplitude is capturing infants’ attention during IDAs. Using EEG, we measured 15‐month‐olds’ brain activity while they were observing action demonstrations with normal, high, or variable amplitude movements. Infants’ theta power (4–5 Hz) in fronto‐central channels was compared between conditions. Frontal theta was significantly higher, indicating stronger attentional engagement, in the variable compared to the other conditions. Computational modelling showed that infants’ frontal theta power was predicted best by how surprising each movement was. Thus, surprise induced by variability in movements rather than large movements alone engages infants’ attention during IDAs. Infants with higher theta power for variable movements were more likely to perform actions successfully and to explore objects novel in the context of the given goal. This highlights the brain mechanisms by which IDAs enhance infants’ attention, learning, and exploration.
Behavioural alterations induced by intermittent ethanol intake and noise exposure in adolescent rats
Authors: Buján Gustavo Ezequiel , D'Alessio Luciana , Serra Héctor Alejandro , Molina Sonia Jazmín , Guelman Laura Ruth 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlcohol intake and exposure to noise are common activities of human adolescents performed in entertainment contexts worldwide that can induce behavioural disturbances. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to investigate in an experimental model of adolescent animals whether noise exposure and intermittent ethanol intake, when present individually or sequentially, might be able to modify different behaviours. Adolescent Wistar rats of both sexes were subjected to voluntary intermittent ethanol intake for 1 week followed by exposure to noise for 2 h and tested in a battery of behavioural tasks. Data show that males exposed to noise experienced a deficit in associative memory (AM), increase in anxiety‐like behaviours (ALB) and altered reaction to novelty (RN) when compared with sham animals, whereas females also showed an increase in risk assessment behaviours (RABs) and a decrease in exploratory activity (EA). In contrast, ethanol intake induced an increase in RAB and RN in males and females, whereas females also showed a deficit in AM and EA as well as an increase in ALB. When ethanol was ingested before noise exposure, most parameters were counteracted both in male and females, but differed among sexes. In consequence, it could be hypothesized that an environmental acute stressor like noise might trigger a behavioural counteracting induced by a previous repeated exposure to a chemical agent such as ethanol, leading to a compensation of a non‐adaptive behaviour and reaching a better adjustment to the environment.
Nest architecture is linked with ecological success in songbirds
Authors: Medina Iliana , M. Perez Daniela , Silva Ana C. Afonso , Cally Justin , León Constanza , Maliet Odile , Quintero Ignacio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNests are essential constructions that determine fitness, yet their structure can vary substantially across bird species. While there is evidence supporting a link between nest architecture and the habitat a species occupies, we still ignore what ecological and evolutionary processes are linked to different nest types. Using information on 3175 species of songbirds, we show that—after controlling for latitude and body size—species that build domed nests (i.e. nests with a roof) have smaller ranges, are less likely to colonise urban environments and have potentially higher extinction rates compared to species with open and cavity nests. Domed nests could be a costly specialisation, and we show that these nests take more time to be built, which could restrict breeding opportunities. These diverse strands of evidence suggest that the transition from domed to open nests in passerines could represent an important evolutionary innovation behind the success of the largest bird radiation.
Biomechanical behaviour of implant prostheses and adjacent teeth according to bone quality: A finite element analysis
Authors: Wang Lan , Fu Zhi‐Hui , Hu Zhi‐Hui , Li Min , Qiu Li‐Hua , Gao Zhi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe contribution of biomechanical factors in the formation of proximal contact loss has been observed, but there is little research on the mechanisms by which they contribute. Using finite element analysis, this study aimed to analyse the impact of bone quality on the biomechanical behaviour of a dentition consisting of implant prostheses and adjacent teeth. The occlusal load was applied on the implant/tooth crown. In the mesiodistal direction, the adjacent natural tooth mesially to the implant denture had the tendency for mesial movement, while the distal adjacent natural tooth had the tendency for distal movement. For the supporting bone around the mesial adjacent tooth, the maximum/minimum principal stress and strain values on the mesial side of the bone were higher than those on the distal side of the bone. Stress and strain values on the mesial side of the supporting bone around the distal adjacent tooth were lower than those on the distal side. With decreasing bone density, displacements of teeth and the implant denture, principal stresses and equivalent strains on tooth supporting bone increased. Studies on biomechanical behaviours of a tooth‐implant dentition may provide a deeper understanding of implant‐induced dental adaptive processes such as proximal contact loss.
Multiple colonizations and genetic differentiation in goldenrod populations on recently formed nearshore islands
Authors: Kimura Takuma , Yamada Takayuki , Sakaguchi Shota , Ito Motomi , Maki Masayuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimAlthough the evolution of island endemic plants has long been investigated, the majority of such studies have focused on species with remarkable levels of morphological variation and on islands substantially far from the mainland. Endemic plants on nearshore oceanic islands have received less attention. We investigate the population genetic structure and dynamics in plants endemic to nearshore and recently formed oceanic islands and examined the possibility of multiple colonizations onto the islands.LocationJapanese mainland Honshu and the adjacent Izu Islands.TaxonSolidago virgaurea (Asteraceae).MethodsSixteen and nine populations of S. virgaurea complex were sampled from the mainland and islands respectively; phylogeographical and population genetics analyses, including Bayesian Phylogeographic and Ecological Clustering (BPEC) analysis and Discrete Phylogeographic Approach (DPA) to trace the history of colonization events onto the islands, were performed using plastid DNA and nuclear microsatellite DNA variations.ResultsPhylogenetically close plastid DNA haplotypes were shared between the mainland and islands, although the populations of S. virgaurea from different islands tended to exhibit phylogenetically distinct haplotypes. Admixture analyses based on nuclear DNA variations revealed distinct genetic structures between the mainland and island populations. Gene flow among islands is restricted but may partially offset genetic drift on each island.Main conclusionsThe genetic structure observed in this study may not have originated from a single dispersal event and successive expansion but rather from at least three colonization events and subsequent gene flow among island populations. Based on the nuclear DNA variations, the Izu Island populations of S. virgaurea are genetically distinct from the mainland ones. Repeated colonization events may have provided sufficient genetic diversity, which would generally be susceptible to founder effects and exert a driving force for evolutionary adaptation, to these oceanic island populations.
Propionic acid regulates immune tolerant properties in B Cells
Authors: Tian Gui‐Xiang , Peng Ke‐Ping , Yu Yong , Liang Cheng‐Bai , Xie Hai‐Qing , Guo Yu‐Yang , Zhou Shan , Zheng Michael B. W. , Zheng Peng‐Yuan , Yang Ping‐Chang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInterleukin 10 (IL‐10)‐producing B cells (B10 cells) are a canonical cell fraction for regulating other activities of immune cells. Posttranscriptional modification of IL‐10 in B10 cells is not yet fully understood. Short‐chain fatty acids play an important role to regulate the functions of immune cells. This study aims to clarify the role of propionic acid (PA), a short‐chain fatty acid, in regulating the expression of IL‐10 in B10 cells. Blood samples were collected from patients with food allergy (FA) and healthy subjects. Serum and cellular components were prepared with the samples, and analysed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The results showed that serum PA levels were lower in FA patients. PA concentrations were negatively correlated with serum cytokine Th2 concentrations, specific IgE concentrations in serum and skin prick test results. The peripheral frequency of B10 cells and the production of IL‐10 in B cells were also associated with serum PA concentrations. Activation of B cells by CpG induced the production of IL‐10 and tristetretrprolin (TTP), in which TTP caused the spontaneous decay of IL‐10 mRNA. PA was necessary to stabilize the IL‐10 mRNA in B cells by inducing the production of granzyme B, which resulted in the degradation of the IL‐10 mRNA. Administration of PA attenuated FA response in mice by maintaining homeostasis of B10 cells. In conclusion, PA is needed to stabilize the expression of IL‐10 in B10 cells. PA administration can mitigate experimental FA by maintaining B10 cell functions.