bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Procalcitonin in early allograft dysfunction after orthotopic liver transplantation: A retrospective single centre study
Authors: Frick Katja , Beller Elisabeth Anna , Kalisvaart Marit , Dutkowski Philipp , Schüpbach Reto Andreas , Klinzing Stephanie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the pathophysiological hallmark of hepatic dysfunction after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Related to IRI, early allograft dysfunction (EAD) after OLT affects short- and long-term outcome. During inflammatory states, the liver seems to be the main source of procalcitonin (PCT), which has been shown to increase independently of bacterial infection. This study investigates the association of PCT, IRI and EAD as well as the predictive value of PCT during the first postoperative week in terms of short- and long-term outcome after OLT.
Methods
Patients > 18 years undergoing OLT between January 2016 and April 2020 at the University Hospital of Zurich were eligible for this retrospective study. Patients with incomplete PCT data on postoperative days (POD) 1 + 2 or combined liver-kidney transplantation were excluded. The PCT course during the first postoperative week, its association with EAD, defined by the criteria of Olthoff, and IRI, defined as aminotransferase level > 2000 IU/L within 2 PODs, were analysed. Finally, 90-day as well as 12-month graft and patient survival were assessed.
Results
Of 234 patients undergoing OLT, 110 patients were included. Overall, EAD and IRI patients had significantly higher median PCT values on POD 2 (31.3 (9.7–53.8) mcg/l vs. 11.1 (5.3–25.0) mcg/l; p < 0.001 and 27.7 (9.7–51.9) mcg/l vs. 11.5 (5.5–25.2) mcg/l; p < 0.001) and impaired 90-day graft survival (79.2% vs. 95.2%; p = 0.01 and 80.4% vs. 93.8%; p = 0.033). IRI patients with PCT < 15 mcg/l on POD 2 had reduced 90-day graft and patient survival (57.9% vs. 93.8%; p = 0.001and 68.4% vs. 93.8%; p = 0.008) as well as impaired 12-month graft and patient survival (57.9% vs. 96.3%; p = 0.001 and 68.4% vs. 96.3%; p = 0.008), while the outcome of IRI patients with PCT > 15 mcg/l on POD 2 was comparable to that of patients without IRI/EAD.
Conclusion
Generally, PCT is increased in the early postoperative phase after OLT. Patients with EAD and IRI have a significantly increased PCT maximum on POD 2, and impaired 90-day graft survival. PCT measurement may have potential as an additional outcome predictor in the early phase after OLT, as in our subanalysis of IRI patients, PCT values < 15 mcg/l were associated with impaired outcome.
Continuous fixed-time convergent synchronization of perturbed non-identical chaotic transducers
Authors: Padar Naser , Mirzaei Mohammad Javad , Asadollahi Mostafa , Suratgar Amir Abolfazl 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a continuous terminal sliding mode control (SMC) design is used to address the problem of synchronizing two chaotic electrostatic and electromechanical transducers. Recently, fixed-time convergence has received increased attention among scholars. The convergence time with this type of controller has an upper bound independent of the initial conditions. In this regard, two fixed-time sliding manifolds are proposed. Then a robust SMC control is proposed to steer the error-states onto the sliding manifolds despite the external disturbances and model imperfections. Due to its dynamical structure, the suggested controller is chatter-free, an important condition in many practical applications. A proof of convergence is presented for the proposed controller. Finally, a comparison of the proposed method with existing methods demonstrates its superiority.
Effect of buried depth and distance change on the seismic response of adjacent structures
Authors: Shamsa Mahboobeh , Fayouz Alireza , Shamsa Maryam 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the effect of buried depth and distance change on the seismic response of adjacent structures will be investigated. This is done first by changing the height of the buried depth of the structures and in the next step by changing the distance between the structures. The purpose of this study is to find out what changes in the seismic response of the structures during the earthquake, affect the buried depth of adjacent structures and also change the distance between the structures. The structures are considered the same in terms of materials and height, and the buried depth of both structures changes with each other and is the same. The finite element method has been used for soil and structure modeling. The validity of this research has been shown by the cases examined in the laboratory and compared with the software solutions. The experiments show the interaction of the soil structure with increasing the buried depth initially reduces the maximum displacement of the structure compared to the interaction of the soil structure on the ground, but by increasing the buried depth the maximum displacement of the structure increases. Further, the interaction of the soil structure with increasing the buried increases the distance between structures and increases the maximum displacement of the structure. The results presented in this paper can be used as a source for future studies on soil and structural issues.
Time-reversal symmetry breaking in charge density wave of CsV3Sb5 detected by polar Kerr effect
Authors: Hu Yajian , Yamane Soichiro , Mattoni Giordano , Yada Kanae , Obata Keito , Li Yongkai , Yao Yugui , Wang Zhiwei , Wang Jingyuan , Farhang Camron , Xia Jing , Maeno Yoshiteru , Yonezawa Shingo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

The Kagome lattice exhibits rich quantum phenomena owing to its unique geometric properties. Appealing realizations are the Kagome metals AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs), where unconventional charge density wave (CDW) is intertwined with superconductivity and non-trivial band topology. Several experiments suggest that this CDW is a rare occurrence of chiral CDW characterized by orbital loop current. However, key evidences of loop current, spontaneous time-reversal symmetry-breaking (TRSB) and the coupling of its order parameter with magnetic field remain elusive. Here, we investigate the CDW in CsV3Sb5 by polar Kerr effect. Under magnetic field, we observed a jump of the Kerr angle at the CDW transition. This jump is magnetic-field switchable and scales with field, indicating magneto-chirality coupling related to non-trivial band topology. At zero field, we found non-zero and field-trainable Kerr angle below TCDW, signaling spontaneous TRSB. Our results provide a crucial step to unveil quantum phenomena in correlated Kagome materials.
To bait or not to bait? Optimizing the use of adult mosquito traps for monitoring arbovirus vector populations in La Réunion Island
Authors: Claudel Iris , Brouazin Ronan , Lancelot Renaud , Gouagna Louis-Clément , Dupraz Marlène , Baldet Thierry , Bouyer Jérémy 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Competent arbovirus vectors are found in the culicid mosquito fauna of south-west Indian Ocean (SWIO) islands. In La Réunion Island, Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are known vectors of dengue and chikungunya viruses. Culex quinquefasciatus is a potential vector of Rift Valley fever and West Nile viruses. To prepare a vector-control field trial against Ae. aegypti, this study aimed at identifying the best baiting scheme to catch adult Ae. aegypti, using BG-Sentinel™ traps (Biogents). It was implemented in two sites in southern La Réunion Island. Catches of Ae. albopictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were also recorded. A Latin square design was used to estimate the detection probability and the apparent daily density - according to the BG-sentinel trap baiting scheme: none, carbon dioxide (CO2), a commercial attractant - BG-Lure™ (Biogents), or both. The use of CO2 alone was associated with a higher detection probability for Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, as well as a large increase in their apparent density. Traps with BG-Lure - alone or in combination with CO2, did not improve the detection probability of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. The same result was found for male Ae. albopictus. For females, baiting BG traps with CO2or BG-Lure had no significant effect. The same apparent densities were found for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes in both study sites - where Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were found at very low densities during previous surveys.
ESR Spectroscopy of Temperature Accessible Lowest Triplet States of Biology Active Electron-Rich 1,10- Phenanthrocyanines of d-Elements (Soft Colloidal Glasses)
Authors: Demidov Viktor N. , Sukharzhevsky Stanislav M. , Pakhomova Tatiana B. , Ivanova Alexandra G. , Shilova Olga A. , Paston Sofia V. , Sharoyko Vladimir V. , Zinchenko Andrey V. , Bogomolova Evgenia V. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Temperature accessible lowest electronic triplet biradical states of new metal 1,10-phenanthrocyani-nes were investigated by ESR spectroscopy. These are coordination compounds of a new structural class of cyanines: nanosize chromophore binuclear cation complexes of d-elements [Mz+Ln(µ-PC)]2Xn (Mz+=Zn2+, Cd2+, Pd2+and Pt2+; L=1,10-phen, py, AcO-; X=AcO-, Cl-) with electron-rich 1,10-phenanthrocyanine ligands. They are presented as redox-sensitive polymorphic soft collo-idal glasses capable of acting as inhibitors of tumor cell proliferation, environmentally friendly fun-gicides and DNA complexones related with NADH. The study of them by ESR spectroscopy sho-wed that one of the possible detailed mechanisms of the formation of triplet states in the processes of thermo-directed singlet-triplet S0→Tlow.-transitions consists in thermally activation of rotation around the sesquialteral C—C bond dihydro-1,10-phenanthroline and 1,10-phenanthroline frag-ments in the bridged chromophore system of compounds.
A persistent prefrontal reference frame across time and task rules
Authors: Muysers Hannah , Chen Hung-Ling , Sauer Jonas-Frederic , Bartos Marlene 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Behavior can be remarkably consistent, even over extended time periods, yet whether this is reflected in stable or ‘drifting’ neuronal responses to task features remains controversial. We find a persistently active ensemble of neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of mice that reliably maintains trajectory-specific tuning over several weeks of performance in an olfaction-guided spatial memory task. The spatial map is stabilized during learning, upon which repeatedly active neurons show little representational drift and maintain their spatial tuning across long pauses in task exposure and across repeated changes in cue-target location pairings. These data thus suggest a ‘core ensemble’ of prefrontal neurons forming a reference frame of task-relevant space for the performance of consistent behavior over extended periods of time.
Sustainable Synthesis of Graphene Sand Composite from Waste Cooking Oil for Dye Removal
Authors: Sani Nor Syazwani Abdullah , Ang Wei Lun , Mohammad Abdul Wahab , mahmoudi Ebrahim Mahmoudi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Waste cooking oil (WCO) appears to be a potential carbonaceous source for the synthesis of graphene sand composite (GSC) adsorbent in removing pollutants. This study presents a green synthesis method of GSC using WCO as a sustainable carbon source for the synthesis of GSC through the thermal graphitization method. Characterization analysis conducted on GSCWCO verified the successful coating of WCO onto sand surface and conversion to graphene, which possessed distinct functional groups and features of graphene materials. GSCWCO adsorbent effectiveness in removing Congo Red dye through batch adsorption was studied under the influence of different initial concentrations, and the optimum pH, contact time, and temperature were investigated. The highest pollutant removal was achieved at an initial dye concentration of 20 mg L-1, 1.0 g of adsorbent dosage, a temperature of 25℃, and 150 min of contact time. The GSCWCO exhibited the maximum capacity of 5.52 mg g-1, was well-fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model, and had an adsorption mechanism that followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The regeneration of GSCWCO adsorbent declined after four cycles, possibly due to the chemisorption of dyes with GSC that resulted in inefficient adsorption. Being a waste-to-wealth product, GSCWCO possessed a great potential to be used for water treatment and simultaneously benefited the environment through the effort to reduce the excessive discharge of WCO.
Lymphotoxin-α orchestrate hypoxic and immune factors to induces Experimental Cerebral Malaria-Inhibition mitigates pathogenesis, neurodegeneration and increases survival
Authors: Eeka Prabhakar , Phanithi Prakash Babu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Knockdown studies have shown lymphotoxin-α (Lt-α) as a critical molecule for Experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) pathogenesis. We investigated the role of lymphotoxin-α in regulating active caspase-3 and calpain1. T cell infiltration into the brains, and subsequent neuronal cell death are the essential features of Plasmodium berghei ANKA(PbA) induced ECM in C57BL/6 mice. Our results showed increased Lt-α levels during ECM. Treatment of naïve mice with serum from ECM mice and exogenous Lt-α was lethal. We inhibited Lt-α in vivo during PbA infection by injecting the mice with anti-Lt-α antibody. Inhibition of Lt-α mitigated neuronal cell death and increased mice's survival until 30 days post-infection (p.i) compared to only 15 days survival of PbA control mice.
Genetic immune escape landscape in primary and metastatic cancer
Authors: Cuppen Edwin , Martinez-Jimenez Francisco , Priestley Peter , Shale Charles , Baber Jonathan , Rozemuller Erik 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Immune surveillance escape is a hallmark of tumorigenesis1. Multiple studies have characterized the immune escape landscape across several untreated early-stage primary cancer types2–4. However, whether late-stage treated metastatic tumors present differences in genetic immune escape (GIE) prevalence and dynamics remains unclear. Here, we performed a pan-cancer characterization of GIE prevalence across six immune escape pathways in 6,457 uniformly processed Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) tumor samples including 58 cancer types from 1,943 primary untreated patients and 4,514 metastatic patients. To effectively address the complexity of the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA-I) locus and to characterize its tumor status, we developed LILAC, an open-source integrative framework. We demonstrate that one in four tumors harbor GIE alterations, with high mechanistic and frequency variability across cancer types. GIE prevalence is highly consistent between primary and metastatic tumors for most cancer types with few exceptions such as prostate and thyroid carcinomas that have increased immune evasion frequencies in metastatic tumors. Positive selection analysis revealed that GIE alterations are frequently selected for in tumor evolution and that focal LOH of HLA-I, unlike non-focal LOH of HLA-I, tends to lose the HLA allele that presents the largest neoepitope repertoire. We also unraveled tumor genomic features contributing to immune escape incidence, including DNA repair deficiency, APOBEC activity, tobacco associated mutation load and viral DNA integration. Finally, there is a strong tendency for mid and high tumor mutation burden (TMB) tumors to preferentially select LOH of HLA-I for GIE whereas hypermutated samples favor global immune evasion strategies. Our results indicate that genetic immune escape is generally a pre-metastatic event during tumor evolution and that tumors adapt different strategies depending on their neoepitope burden.
Effect of slightly elevated progesterone on HCG trigger day on pregnancy outcomes of fresh single blastocyst transfer cycles under an early follicular phase prolonged protocol cycle
Authors: Wei Longlong , Zhao Yan , Xu Chunyu , Zhang Cuilian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The effect of premature P elevation on assisted reproductive technology outcomes has historically been a matter of some debate. In previous studies, there were conflicting results regarding the impact of elevated progesterone on pregnancy outcomes in different ovarian stimulation protocols, different ovarian response and embryos transferred. In addition, most studies have focused on significantly elevated progesterone levels, such as above 1.5ng/ml, 1.75ng/ml, or even 2ng/ml. However, few studies have focused on slightly elevated progesterone level, and many scholars have previously concluded that it has no adversely effect on pregnancy outcomes.
Methods
Clinical data of patients were collected who underwent early follicular phase prolonged protocol cycle IVF/ICSI-ET treatment. The women were divided into two groups according to the progesterone level on HCG trigger day : Group 1:<1.0ng/ml; Group 2: 1.0ng/ml-1.5ng/ml. Differences in baseline characteristics, ovulation promotion situation and embryo culture were compared between the two cohorts. After adjusting for confounding factors using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the clinical pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups.
Results
A total of 743 subjects were included in this study, of which 587 were included in Group 1 and 156 were included in Group 2. In terms of pregnancy outcome, Group 2 had a significantly lower clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate per cycle than Group 1 (64.1% vs 75.7%, P < 0.05; 63.5% vs 72.7%, P < 0.05). After correcting for female BMI, total dose of Gn, days of stimulation, et al using multivariate logistic regression analysis, slightly elevated progesterone levels (P > 1.0ng/ml) remained a risk factor for pregnancy failure in fresh single D5 blastocyst transfer under an early follicular phase prolonged protocol cycle.
Conclusion
The slightly elevation progesterone level on the HCG trigger day may have a negative effect on the clinical pregnancy in early follicular phase prolonged protocol cycles, even in ETs with a good prognosis.
Step-wise management of anaemia in people with chronic kidney disease in primary care: qualitative study
Authors: Delanerolle Gayathri , Forbes Anna , Vlymen Jeremy , Gallagher Hugh , Cole Nicholas , Hassan Simon , Tahir Mohammad , Bankhead Clare , Chan Tom , Swift Pauline A , Suckling Rebecca , Joy Mark , de Lusignan Simon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Anaemia is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and reduced quality of life, but is often sub-optimally managed. Most patients are managed in primary care alongside other comorbidities. Interventions to improve the management of anaemia in CKD in this setting are needed.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study to evaluate how an audit-based education (ABE) intervention might improve the management of anaemia in CKD. We explored outcomes that would be relevant to practitioners and patients, that exposed variation of practice from National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines, and whether the intervention was feasible and acceptable. ResultsPractitioners (n=5 groups) and patients (n=7) from four London general practices participated in discussions. Practitioners welcomed the evidence-based step-wise intervention. However, prescribing erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) was felt to be outside of their scope of practice. There was a gap between NICE guidance and clinical practice in primary care. Iron studies were not well understood and anaemia management was often conservative or delayed. Patients were often unaware of having CKD, and were more concerned about their other comorbidities, but largely trusted their GPs to manage them appropriately. ConclusionsThe first steps of the intervention were welcomed by practitioners, but they expressed concerns about independently prescribing ESAs. Renal physicians and GPs could develop shared care protocols for ESA use in primary care. There is scope to improve awareness of renal anaemia, and enhance knowledge of guideline recommendations; and our intervention should be modified accordingly.
Using root economics traits to predict plant soil-feedbacks
Authors: Rutten Gemma , Allan Eric 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Plant-soil feedbacks have been recognised as playing a key role in a range of ecological processes, including succession, invasion, species coexistence and population dynamics. However, there is substantial variation between species in the strength of plant-soil feedbacks and predicting this variation remains challenging. Here, we propose an original concept to predict the outcome of plant-soil feedbacks. We hypothesize that plants with different root traits culture different proportions of pathogens and mutualists and this contributes to differences in performance between home soils (cultured by conspecifics) versus away soils (cultured by heterospecifics). We use the recently described root economics spectrum, which identifies two gradients in root traits. A conservation gradient distinguishes fast vs. slow species, and from the growth defence theory we predict that these species culture different amounts of pathogens in their soils. A collaboration gradient distinguishes species that associate with mycorrhizae to outsource soil nutrient acquisition vs. those which use a “do it yourself” strategy and capture nutrients without mycorrhizae. We provide a framework, which predicts that the strength and direction of feedback between a pair of species is determined by the functional distance between them along each axis. We then use data from two case studies to show how to apply the framework, by analysing the response of plant-soil feedbacks to measures of distance and position along each axis and find support for our predictions. Finally, we highlight further areas where our framework could be developed and propose study designs that would help to fill current research gaps.
Non-linear stability of triangular equilibrium points in non-resonance case with perturbations
Authors: Yousuf Saleem , Kishor Ram 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Since, the normal forms of the Hamiltonian function are very crucial to know about the non-linear stability property of a dynamical system in the vicinity of invariant objects. The present study deals with the normalisation of Hamiltonian for the non-linear stability analysis in non-resonance case of the triangular equilibrium points in the perturbed restricted three body problem with perturbation factors as radiation pressure due to first oblate-radiating primary, albedo from second oblate primary, oblateness and a disc. The problem is formulated with these perturbations and Hamiltonian of the problem is normalised up to fourth order by Lie transform technique consequently a Birkhoff's normal form of the Hamiltonian is obtained. The Arnold-Moser theorem is verified for the non-linear stability test of the triangular equilibrium points in non-resonance case with the assumed perturbations. It is found that in the presence of radiation pressure, stability range expanded, significantly with respect to the classical range of stability however, because of albedo, oblateness and the disc, it contracted gradually. Moreover, it is observed that alike to the classical problem, in the perturbed problem under the impact of the assumed perturbations, there always exist one or more values of the mass ratio $\mu$ within the stability range at which discriminant $D_4=0$, which means the triangular equilibrium points are unstable in non-linear sense. Thus, it is concluded that presence of perturbations in the problem disturb not only the non-linear stability property but also the stability range. This study is limited to first order effect of the perturbing parameters, which may help to study the more generalised forms of the problem.