bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicenter Study to Evaluate Endovascular Repair of Extent I-III Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms Without Prophylactic Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage
Authors: Marcondes Giulianna B. , Cirillo-Penn Nolan C. , Tenorio Emanuel R. , Adam Donald J. , Timaran Carlos , Austermann Martin J. , Bertoglio Luca , Jakimowicz Tomasz , Piazza Michele , Juszczak Maciej T. , Scott Carla K. , Berekoven Bärbel , Chiesa Roberto , Lima Guilherme B.B. , Jama Katarzyna , Squizzato Francesco , Claridge Martin , Mendes Bernardo C. , Oderich Gustavo S. 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
To assess outcomes of fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic repair (FB-EVAR) of Extent I-III thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs) without prophylactic cerebrospinal fluid drainage (CSFD).

Background:
Prophylactic CSFD has been routinely used during endovascular TAAA repair, but concerns about major drain-related complications have led to revising this paradigm.

Methods:
We reviewed a multicenter cohort of 541 patients treated for Extent I-III TAAAs by FB-EVAR without prophylactic CSFD. Spinal cord injury (SCI) was graded as ambulatory (paraparesis) or nonambulatory (paraplegia). Endpoints were any SCI, permanent paraplegia, response to rescue treatment, major drain-related complications, mortality, and patient survival.

Results:
There were 22 Extent I, 240 Extent II and 279 Extent III TAAAs. Thirty-day mortality was 3%. SCI occurred in 45 patients (8%), paraparesis occurring in 23 (4%) and paraplegia in 22 patients (4%). SCI was more common in patients with Extent I-II compared with Extent III TAAAs (12% vs. 5%, P=0.01). Rescue treatment included permissive hypertension in all patients, with CSFD in 22 (4%). Symptom improvement was noted in 73%. Twelve patients (2%) had permanent paraplegia. Two patients (0.4%) had major drain-related complications. Independent predictors for SCI by multivariate logistic regression were sustained perioperative hypotension [odds ratio (OR): 4.4, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.7–11.1], patent collateral network (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1–0.6), and total length of aortic coverage (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.10). Patient survival at 3 years was 72%±3%.

Conclusion:
FB-EVAR of Extent I-III TAAAs without CSFD has low mortality and low rates of permanent paraplegia (2%). SCI occurred in 8% of patients, and rescue treatment improved symptoms in 73% of them.
Effects of coronavirus disease 19 on the gastrointestinal tract and the potential impact on gastrointestinal toxicities during cancer treatment
Authors: Stringer Andrea M. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of review
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in a global pandemic, with people with other conditions at greater risk of severe infection with intensified symptoms across multiple organ systems. Patients with cancer are at greater risk, and it is likely that those receiving treatment will experience greater incidence and severity of gastrointestinal toxicities, such as gastrointestinal mucositis, due to SARS-CoV-2 binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2 in the intestine.

Recent findings
Recent studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 patients experience gastrointestinal toxicities, and SARS-CoV-2 has capacity to infect intestinal cells through binding to ACE2 expressed in the intestine. ACE2 has a key role in intestinal homeostasis, and as such there is a concern for the impact of SARS-CoV-2 binding to ACE2 in terms of the implications for cancer treatment-induced gastrointestinal toxicities.

Summary
SARS-CoV-2 is a high-risk infection for cancer patients receiving treatment. It is important to understand the mechanisms of intestinal infection with SARS-CoV-2 to determine the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infections on gastrointestinal toxicities, such as mucositis.
Oral pain in the cancer patient
Authors: Samim Firoozeh , Epstein Joel B. , Osagie Rachael 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of review
Oral pain is a common complaint in patients with cancer. This review aims to summarize the knowledge on the causes and approach to management of oral pain garnered over the past 2 years.

Recent findings
A systematic review and meta-analysis included in the review, assessed cannabinoid versus placebo and showed only a small effect on pain, physical function, and sleep quality. Another review showed that chemical neurolysis as an adjunctive therapy, is effective in patients with pain of shorter chronicity and refractory head and neck cancer-related pain.

Summary
Patients with cancer frequently experience oral pain because of a variety of factors. Factors inherent in the type and location of the malignancy, the modality of cancer treatment, and a holistic approach to management together contribute to their overall pain experience. Basic oral care should be implemented wherever possible, before, during, and after cancer treatment.
Healthcare provider experiences during COVID-19 redeployment
Authors: Schulz-Quach Christian , Lyver Brendan , Li Madeline 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of review
Among the myriad traumatic impacts of COVID-19, the need for redeployment served as a significant stressor for healthcare providers (HCPs). This narrative review summarizes the current literature on HCP redeployment experiences and institutional support for staff, while proposing a theoretical approach to mitigating the negative impact on HCP mental health.

Recent findings
Redeployment was a strong predictor of negative emotions in HCP during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas reflections on benefit-finding associated with redeployment were reported more frequently during later stages. In institutions where attention to redeployment impact was addressed and effective strategies put in place, redeployed HCP felt they received adequate training and support and felt satisfied with the information provided. Redeployment had the potential to yield personal feelings of accomplishment, situational leadership, meaning, and increased sense of team connectedness.

Summary
Benefit-finding, or posttraumatic growth, is a concept in cancer psychiatry which speaks to construing benefits from adversity to support resilience. Redeployment experiences can result in unexpected benefit-finding for individual HCPs. Taking a benefit-finding, relational, and existentially informed approach to COVID-19 redeployment might serve as an opportunity for posttraumatic growth for both individuals and institutions.
Breakthrough infections after post-exposure vaccination against Monkeypox
Authors: Thy Michael , Peiffer-Smadja Nathan , Mailhe Morgane , Kramer Laura , Ferré Valentine Marie , Houhou-Fidouh Nadhira , Tarhini Hassan , Bertin Chloé , Beaumont Anne-Lise , Garé Mathilde , Pluart Diane Le , Perrineau Ségolène , Rahi Mayda , Deconinck Laurène , Phung Bao , Mollo Bastien , Cortier Marie , Cresta Mélanie , De La Porte Des Vaux Clémentine , Joly Véronique , Lariven Sylvie , Somarriba Cécile , Lescure Francois-Xavier , Charpentier Charlotte , Yazdanpanah Yazdan , Ghosn Jade 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundA third-generation smallpox vaccine was recommended in France for individuals who had a high-risk contact with a PCR-confirmed Monkeypox patient. We aimed to describe the outcomes of high-risk contacts receiving third-generation smallpox vaccine as an early post-exposure ring vaccination (EPRV) especially tolerance and potential breakthrough infections after the first dose.MethodsWe performed an observational analysis of all consecutive individuals vaccinated with the IMVANEX® smallpox vaccine after a high-risk contact defined as close skin-to-skin or mucosal contact and/or indirect contact on textile or surface and/or droplets exposure defined by a contact at less than 2 meters during at least 3 hours with a PCR-confirmed Monkeypox patient.ResultsBetween May 27th and July 13th, 2022, 276 individuals received one dose of IMVANEX® with a median delay of 11 days [IQR 8-14] after exposure with a confirmed Monkeypox patient. Mode of exposure was droplets for 240 patients (91%), indirect contact for 189 (71%) and unprotected sexual intercourse for 146 (54%). Most of the patients were men (91%, n=250) and men who have sex with men (88%, n=233). The vaccine was well tolerated with no severe adverse event. Among the 276 vaccinated individuals, 12 (4%) had a confirmed Monkeypox breakthrough infection with no severe infection. Ten out of 12 patients developed a Monkeypox infection in the five days following vaccination and two had a breakthrough infection at 22 and 25 days.ConclusionEPRV with a third-generation smallpox vaccine was well tolerated and effective against Monkeypox but did not completely prevent breakthrough infections.
Development of a fluorescence reporter system to quantify transcriptional activity of endogenous p53 in living cells
Authors: Tsuruoka Tatsuki , Nakayama Emiri , Endo Takuya , Harashima Shingo , Kamada Rui , Sakaguchi Kazuyasu , Imagawa Toshiaki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe tumor suppressor p53 plays a central role in cellular stress responses by regulating transcription of multiple target genes. The temporal dynamics of p53 are thought to be important for its function: it encode input information and are decoded to induce distinct cellular phenotypes. However it remains unclear to what extent the temporal dynamics of p53 reflects the activity of p53-induced gene expression. In this study, we report a multiplexed reporter system that allows us to visualize the transcriptional activity of p53 at the single cell level. Our reporter system features simple and sensitive observation of the transcriptional activity of endogenous p53 to the response elements of various target genes. Using this system, we show that the transcriptional activation of p53 exhibits strong cell-to-cell heterogeneity. The transcriptional activation of p53 by etoposide is highly dependent on the cell cycle but not by UV-C. Finally, we show that our reporter system allows simultaneous visualization of the transcriptional activity of p53 and cell cycle. Our reporter system can thus be a useful tool for studying biological processes involving the p53 signaling pathway.Summary statementTumor suppressor protein p53 is one of the hub factor of the cellular stress responses. Our novel reporter system allows us to visualize the transcriptional activity of endogenous p53 easily and precisely.
Clinical validation of a wireless patch-based polysomnography system: a pilot study
Authors: Raschellà F , Knoops-Borm M , Sekeri M , Andries D , Oloo M , Moudab I , Musaka S , Mueller S , Stockhoff M , Tijssen M , Coughlin S , Schneider H 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPolysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for diagnosing and monitoring sleep disorders, however, it is time-consuming and costly, as the application of the equipment can only be done by trained sleep technicians and the test must be conducted within a sleep laboratory. In this study we assessed the performance of the first wireless patch-based PSG system, the Onera Sleep Test System (STS), which can be applied by the patient and performed outside of the sleep laboratory in settings such as the home. To achieve this, sleep stage and physiological data from the Onera STS were compared to gold standard in-lab PSG.Materials and methodsThe recordings were unsupervised to simulate a home-use environment. Epoch-by-epoch agreement was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and Cohen’s kappa coefficient. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated for multiple sleep parameters to measure the level of entire night agreement.ResultsSubstantial agreement with a Cohens kappa of 0.69 across all sleep stages was determined, which reached 0.81 when Stage N1 was removed from the analysis. A high accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity were found for wake N2, N3 and REM. Although specificity (95.25%) and accuracy (89.62%) were high for N1, sensitivity was low (27.19%). Sleep parameters calculated by sleep stage transitions, apnea hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation index, showed strong correlations.ConclusionsThe Onera STS provides comparable clinical information to traditional PSG. Moreover, the application time was reduced by 77% which reduces the overall costs of PSG. These results open the possibility for PSG studies to be performed efficiently outside of the sleep laboratory at a larger scale, thus improving access for patients.
Predictors of maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with mitral stenosis
Authors: Gebremedhin Yoseph , Guteta Senbeta , Melese Binyam , Bekele Elias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundValvular heart disease, in particular mitral stenosis, is associated with unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. Data on maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with mitral stenosis in Ethiopia as well as in other sub-Saharan countries is scare. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess the predictors of maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with mitral valve stenosis and to show the incidence of maternal and fetal complications as well.MethodA retrospective cross section study was conducted. Medical records of pregnant women with mitral valve stenosis admitted at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Tertiary Referral hospital labor ward from January 2014 to December 2018 were reviewed. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate associated factors. P-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultThis study included 58 pregnant women with mitral stenosis. The mean age of the participants was 27(SD,±4.5) years. The mean mitral valve area among the participants was 1.1cm. About 79% of cases had mitral valve area of ≤1.5cm2 and 55.2% had valve area of ≤1cm2. Fifty one (87.9%) patients had moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension. The overall incidence of serious adverse pregnancy and peripartal outcome among the study participants was 44.8%. About 69% of patients had heart failure, from which 34.5% had NYHA class III and IV functional classes. Maternal death occurred in 4(6.9%) cases, whereas thromboembolism and ICU admission rates were 2(3.4%) and 3(5.2%) respectively. Neonatal complications including low birth weight, preterm delivery, abortions and still birth were 26.5%, 16%, 17.2% and 6.1% respectively. Mitral valve area was the main determinant factor for maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with mitral stenosis (AOR=15, 2.50-90% CI, P=0.003).CONCLUSIONSThe overall incidence of serious adverse maternal and fetal events in pregnant mothers with mitral stenosis was 44.5%. Mitral valve area was the main determinant factor for maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with mitral stenosis (AOR=15, 2.50-90% CI, P=0.003)
Auditory corticostriatal connections in the human brain
Authors: Sitek Kevin R. , Helou Leah B. , Chandrasekaran Bharath 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAuditory learning depends on sensory, perceptual, decisional, and reward-based processes that are supported by the dorsal striatum. Auditory corticostriatal connections have been well-characterized in animal models including non-human primates, where primary auditory cortex preferentially connects to putamen, and caudate head receives most of its inputs from anterior superior temporal cortex. However, the extent to which human auditory corticostriatal connectivity follows similar organizational principles is challenging to assess due to the density of these striatal structures relative to the resolution of traditional diffusion MRI techniques, as well as dorsal striatum’s location near multiple major crossing white matter bundles. We leveraged high-quality diffusion-weighted MRI tractography to ‘virtually’ dissect structural pathways between auditory cortical regions and dorsal striatal regions in a sub-millimeter resolution single-participant dataset. Across most of auditory cortex, putamen connections were more frequent than caudate connections; only anterior-most superior temporal cortex had strong connectivity with caudate, specifically the caudate head. Putamen streamline endpoints were largely along the ventral portion of the structure, ranging from caudal to middle putamen. These results were consistent across analysis and tractography pipelines. In contrast to the auditory findings, visual corticostriatal streamlines did not preferentially reach putamen. We replicate these results in an independent sample of near-millimeter resolution single-session diffusion MRI from the Human Connectome Project. Overall, our results suggest strong structural connectivity between primary and association auditory cortices with putamen but not with any subdivision of caudate. Prioritized connectivity between superior temporal cortex and putamen is highly suggestive of distinct functional roles for striatal subdivisions in auditory perception.
Transcriptomic forecasting with neural ODEs
Authors: Erbe Rossin , Stein-O’Brien Genevieve , Fertig Elana J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSingle cell transcriptomics technologies can uncover changes in the molecular states that underlie cellular phenotypes. However, understanding the dynamic cellular processes requires extending from inferring trajectories from snapshots of cellular states to estimating temporal changes in cellular gene expression. To address this challenge, we have developed a neural ordinary differential equation-based method, RNAForecaster, for predicting gene expression states in single cells for multiple future time steps in an embedding-independent manner. We demonstrate that RNAForecaster can accurately predict future expression states in simulated single cell transcriptomic data with cellular tracking over time. We then show that using metabolic labeling scRNA-seq data from constitutively dividing cells, RNAForecaster accurately recapitulates many of the expected changes in gene expression during progression through the cell cycle over a three day period. Thus, RNAForecaster enables short term estimation of future expression states in biological systems from high-throughput datasets with temporal information.
Distinct hyperactive RAS/MAPK alleles converge on common GABAergic interneuron core programs
Authors: Knowles Sara J , Stafford April M , Zaman Tariq , Angara Kartik , Williams Michael R , Newbern Jason M , Vogt Daniel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRAS/MAPK gene dysfunction underlies various cancers and neurocognitive disorders. While the role of RAS/MAPK genes have been well studied in cancer, less is known about their function during neurodevelopment. There are many genes that work in concert to regulate RAS/MAPK signaling, suggesting that if common brain phenotypes could be discovered they could have a broad impact on the many other disorders caused by distinct RAS/MAPK genes. We assessed the cellular and molecular consequences of hyperactivating the RAS/MAPK pathway using two distinct genes in a cell type previously implicated in RAS/MAPK-mediated cognitive changes, cortical GABAergic interneurons. We uncovered some GABAergic core programs that are commonly altered in each of the mutants. Notably, hyperactive RAS/MAPK mutants bias developing cortical interneurons towards those that are somatostatin+. The increase in somatostatin+ interneurons could also be induced by elevated neural activity and we show the core RAS/MAPK signaling pathway is one mechanism by which this occurs. Overall, these findings present new insights into how different RAS/MAPK mutations can converge on GABAergic interneurons, which may be important for other RAS/MAPK genes/disorders.
A systematic analysis of assorted machine learning classifiers to assess their potential in accurate prediction of dementia
Authors: Khan Afreen , Zubair Swaleha , Khan Samreen 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to assess the potential of the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Scale in the prognosis of dementia in elderly subjects.Design/methodology/approachDementia staging severity is clinically an essential task, so the authors used machine learning (ML) on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features to locate and study the impact of various MR readings onto the classification of demented and nondemented patients. The authors used cross-sectional MRI data in this study. The designed ML approach established the role of CDR in the prognosis of inflicted and normal patients. Moreover, the pattern analysis indicated CDR as a strong cohort amongst the various attributes, with CDR to have a significant value ofp < 0.01. The authors employed 20 ML classifiers.FindingsThe mean prediction accuracy varied with the various ML classifier used, with the bagging classifier (random forest as a base estimator) achieving the highest (93.67%). A series of ML analyses demonstrated that the model including the CDR score had better prediction accuracy and other related performance metrics.Originality/valueThe results suggest that the CDR score, a simple clinical measure, can be used in real community settings. It can be used to predict dementia progression with ML modeling.
A nexus of market web traffic and investor's behavior in the EdTech market: evidence of performance from US and India
Authors: Sethi Surbhi , Saxena Srishti , Singh Manju 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe unexpected outbreak of COVID-19 has expedited the trend toward online education. To facilitate undisruptive learning, EdTech companies are continuously working on providing solutions to restore teaching and learning practices. This has caused a significant behavioral shift of the investors in the EdTech market. This study aims to analyze the effects of Web Market Traffic on the increased number of investors funding an EdTech Company in the market.Design/methodology/approachBy drawing on the multi-method web analytics approach, this study analyses the nexus between Web Market Traffic and Investor's Behavior in the US and India, proving the hypothesized relationship in the proposed Model using a data sample of 300 EdTech Players.FindingsThere is a significant difference between the investor's behavior in India and the US. This study shows that the investors in the US are more inclined towards investing in EdTech companies in comparison to India. The Results demonstrate that monthly visits of consumers and the number of acquisitions by players positively affect the investor's behavior, while bounce rates take a toll on the number of investors.Practical implicationsThis Study suggests that EdTech investors in the US and India should harness Web Traffic to capture the EdTech market. Further, this study offers practical implications that EdTech players can use to attract potential investors and increase brand visibility by improving web market traffic parameters.Originality/valueThis paper's original contribution is to empirically shed light on the effects of web market traffic on the investor's behavior. The study emphasizes the quintessentiality of managing the bounce rates and monthly visits for an EdTech market to attract more investors and capital inflow that enhance brand visibility. The study found that the investors behave distinctly in the developed and emerging markets in the US and India.