bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute effects of postural changes and lower body positive and negative pressure on the eye
Authors: Van Akin M. P. , Lantz O. M. , Fellows A. M. , Toutain-Kidd Christine , Zegans Michael , Buckey J. C. , Anderson A. P. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Entry into weightlessness results in a fluid shift and a loss of hydrostatic gradients. These factors are believed to affect the eye and contribute to the ocular changes that occur in space. We measured eye parameters during fluid shifts produced by lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and lower body positive pressure (LBPP) and changes in hydrostatic gradient direction (supine-prone) in normal subjects to assess the relative effects of fluid shifts and hydrostatic gradient changes on the eye.Methods: Ocular parameters (intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular geometry, and optical coherence tomography measures) were measured in the seated, supine, and prone positions. To create a fluid shift in the supine and prone positions, the lower body chamber pressure ranged from -40 mmHg to +40 mmHg. Subjects maintained each posture and LBNP/LBPP combination for 15 min prior to data collection. A linear mixed-effects model was used to determine the effects of fluid shifts (as reflected by LBNP/LBPP) and hydrostatic gradient changes (as reflected by the change from seated to supine and from seated to prone) on eye parameters.Results: Chamber pressure was positively correlated with both increased choroidal thickness (β = 0.11 ,p = 0.01) and IOP (β = 0.06 p &lt; 0.001). The change in posture increased IOP compared to seated IOP (supine β = 2.1, p = 0.01, prone β = 9.5, p &lt; 0.001 prone) but not choroidal thickness. IOP changes correlated with axial length (R = 0.72, p &lt; 0.001).Discussion: The effects of hydrostatic gradients and fluids shifts on the eye were investigated by inducing a fluid shift in both the supine and prone postures. Both hydrostatic gradients (posture) and fluid shifts (chamber pressure) affected IOP, but only hydrostatic gradients affected axial length and aqueous depth. Changes in choroidal thickness were only significant for the fluid shifts. Changes in hydrostatic gradients can produce significant changes in both IOP and axial length. Fluid shifts are often cited as important factors in the pathophysiology of SANS, but the local loss of hydrostatic gradients in the head may also play an important role in these ocular findings.
Impact of body mass index on postoperative oxygenation impairment in patients with acute aortic syndrome
Authors: Zhang Chiyuan , Bai Hui , Zhang Yanfeng , Deng Zhengyu , Zhang Lei , Chen Xuliang , Fu Zuli , Shi Ruizheng , Zhang Guogang , Xu Qian , Lin Guoqiang 
Published: August 2022

Objective: Oxygenation impairment is a common complication of acute aortic syndrome (AAS) patients after surgical repair. The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of postoperative oxygenation impairment in AAS patients.Methods: A total of 227 consecutive patients who were diagnosed as AAS and underwent surgical repair were recruited. They were divided into two groups based on the postoperative oxygenation impairment (non-oxygenation impairment group and oxygenation impairment group). Logistic regression was conducted to evaluate the association between BMI and the risk of oxygenation impairment after surgery. Dose-response curve and subgroup analysis were used to test the reliability of the results of regression analysis. A meta-analysis was then performed to further confirm these results using Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases.Results: For the retrospective study, a significant association was observed after adjusting for a series of variables. BMI was significantly correlated with postoperative oxygenation impairment in patients with AAS (OR, 95% CI, P: 1.27, 1.17–1.46, 0.001). Compared with the normal weight group (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI &lt;23.0 kg/m2), patients with excessive BMI were at a higher risk of oxygenation impairment for the overweight group (23.0 kg/m2 ≤ BMI &lt;25 kg/m2) and obesity group (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) (OR, 95% CI, P: 4.96, 1.62–15.15, 0.005; 9.51, 3.06–29.57, &lt;0.001). The dose-response curve showed that the risk of oxygenation impairment after surgery increased with the increased BMI. Besides, subgroup analysis showed that AAS patients who have an excess weight with a TNF-α ≥ 8.1 pg/ml carried an excess risk of postoperative oxygenation impairment. For the meta-analysis, the pooled result also indicated that AAS patients with high BMI had a significantly increased risk of oxygenation impairment after surgery (OR, 95% CI, P: 1.40, 1.18–1.66, 0.001).Conclusion: Excessive BMI was an independent risk factor for AAS with postoperative oxygenation impairment.
Knowledge mapping analysis of mental health research on COVID-19
Authors: Zhou Runjin , Lin Xiaoling , Xu Jiamei , Lin Xingdong , Wu Zhibing 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveA bibliometric analysis of COVID-19 is conducted to examine the developmental context, research hotspots, and frontiers of mental health.MethodsUsing the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC), we have retrieved articles on mental health research related to COVID-19 which were published between 2019 and 2021. The coauthorship of countries, institutes, and authors was analyzed using VOSviewer 1.6.17, and the co-citation map of authors/references was analyzed as well. CiteSpace version 5.8.R3 was used to analyze keyword clusters and forecast research frontiers.ResultsThere were 8,856 articles retrieved, including 10,559 research institutes and 1,407 academic journals. The most published country and institutes were the United States (2190) and the University of London (373). Wang, Chengyu owned the highest co-citations (1810). Frontier topics can be identified by trending keywords, including “anxiety,” “depression,” “psychological distress,” “quarantine,” “post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD),” “insomnia,” and “Healthcare workers.”ConclusionThe most common psychological problems of people during the epidemic are anxiety and depression. Insomnia and PTSD need to be solved under the normalization of the epidemic. GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scales are the most convenient and effective for screening anxiety and depression. Healthcare workers, older adults, and college students should be concerned, and social and family support is essential.
A simple nomogram for predicting infectious diseases in adult kidney transplantation recipients
Authors: Chen Ruo-Yang , Zhang Sheng , Zhuang Shao-Yong , Li Da-Wei , Zhang Ming , Zhu Cheng , Yu Yue-Tian , Yuan Xiao-Dong 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors of infectious diseases in adult kidney transplantation recipients and to establish a simple and novel nomogram to guide the prophylactic antimicrobial therapy.MethodsPatients who received kidney transplantation between January 2018 and October 2021 were included in the study and were divided into a training and a testing set at a 1:1 ratio. Risk factors correlated to infectious diseases were selected using a Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model. The prediction model was built by incorporating the variables selected by the LASSO model into a logistic regression equation. Calibration curves and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were also applied to assess the model calibration and discrimination. A nomogram consisting of the selected factors was established to provide individualized risks of developing infections. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was adopted to estimate the net benefit and reduction in interventions for a range of clinically reasonable risk thresholds.ResultsIn all, 863 adult kidney recipients were included in the study, and 407 (47.16%) of them developed infectious diseases during the 3-year follow–up period. A total of 8 variables were selected using LASSO regression and were retained for subsequent model construction and infection prediction. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.83 and 0.81 in the training and testing sets, with high F scores of 0.76 and 0.77, sensitivity of 0.76 and 0.81, and specificity of 0.88 and 0.74, respectively. A novel nomogram was developed based on 8 selected predictors (requirement for albumin infusion, requirement for red blood cell infusion, triglyceride, uric acid, creatinine, globulin, neutrophil percentage, and white blood cells). The net benefit indicated that the nomogram would reduce unnecessary interventions at a wide range of threshold probabilities in both sets.ConclusionsAdult kidney transplantation recipients are high-risk hosts for infectious diseases. The novel nomogram consisting of 8 factors reveals good predictive performance and may promote the reasonable antimicrobial prescription. More external validations are required to confirm its effectiveness for further clinical application.
A sophisticated fracture classification system of the proximal femur trochanteric region (AO/OTA-31A) based on 3D-CT images
Authors: Chang Shi-Min , Wang Zhen-Hai , Tian Ke-Wei , Sun Gui-Xin , Wang Xin , Rui Yun-Feng 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveFracture classification evolves dynamically with new and enhanced imaging modalities. This paper aims to introduce a novel hypothesis of a sophisticated fracture classification system for the proximal femur trochanteric region (AO/OTA-31A) based on 3D-CT images and accommodate the clinical requirement of the worldwide outbreak of geriatric hip fractures with large amounts of surgical operations.MethodsIn the current practice of widely preoperative 3D-CT application and cephalomedullary nailing, we attempt to propose a new comprehensive classification system to describe the fracture characteristics in a more detailed and sophisticated architecture, and pay the most important concern to the parameters that contribute to fracture stability reconstruction in osteosynthesis.ResultsThe new four-by-four comprehensive classification system, followed the structure of the AO/OTA system, incorporates many fracture characteristics as dividing indexes into multiple grade levels, such as fracture line direction, the number of fragments, the lesser trochanter fragment and its distal extension (&gt;2 cm), the posterior coronal fragment and its anterior expansion (to the entry portal of head–neck implant at the lateral cortex), the lateral wall and anterior cortex fracture, and the anteromedial inferior corner comminution. From a panoramic perspective, there are four types and each type has four subtypes. A1 is simple two-part fractures (20%), A2 is characterized by lesser trochanter fragment and posterior coronal fractures (62.5%), A3 is reverse obliquity and transverse fractures with complete lateral wall broken (15.5%), and A4 is medial wall comminution which further lacks anteromedial cortex transmission of compression force (2%). For subtypes, A2.2 is with a banana-like posterior coronal fragment, A2.4 is with distal cortex extension &gt;2 cm of the lesser trochanter and anterior expansion of the posterior coronal fragment(s) to the entry portal of head–neck implants, A3.4 is a primary pantrochanteric fracture, and A4.4 is a concomitant ipsilateral segmental fracture of the neck and trochanter region.ConclusionClassification represents diversity under consistency. The four-by-four sophisticated classification system delineates fracture characteristics in more detail. It is applicable in the time of rapid outbreak of trochanteric fractures in the older population, the large amounts of surgical operations, and incorporates various rare and/or more complicated subtypes which is unclassifiable before.
Competitive risk analysis of the therapeutic value of liver transplantation for liver cancer in children: A population-based study
Authors: Xing Huiwu , Yang Chenyu , Tan Bingqian , Zhang Mingman 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundLiver transplantation (LT) is one of the most important treatments for children with liver cancer (CLCa) and has been increasingly used. However, there is a lack of large-scale and multicenter studies on the trend in the application and value of LT for the treatment of CLCa.MethodsWe analyzed the clinicopathological data of CLCa from 2000 to 2018 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We explored the trend in the application of LT for the treatment of CLCa. LASSO Cox regression and the Log-Rank test were used to explore prognostic factors, and we built a nomogram using the screened factors. Propensity score matching was used to balance the baseline data of patients undergoing LT and other surgeries, and then the Log-Rank test was used to evaluate the therapeutic value of LT for CLCa.ResultsThe 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year overall survival (OS) rates of CLCa were 88.7%, 80.6%, 76.8%, and 73.0%, respectively. Then, we established a nomogram using many variables including age of diagnosis, regional lymph node metastasis, summary stage, and therapy. Internally validated and externally verified, our nomogram had good predictive power and clinical applicability. LT was increasingly being used to treat CLCa. There was no statistically significant difference in the OS of CLCa between the LT and other surgeries groups. After LT, the hepatoblastoma group had a better prognosis than the hepatocellular carcinoma group.ConclusionWe built a well-performing nomogram to predict the OS of CLCa. LT could improve the prognosis of CLCa as other surgeries and could be considered an effective treatment choice for CLCa.
Developmental and reproductive toxic effects of exposure to microplastics: A review of associated signaling pathways
Authors: Dubey Itishree , Khan Sabbir , Kushwaha Sapana 
Published: August 2022

Microplastics (MPs), small pieces of plastic (∼5 mm), are released into the environment not only as a result of the decomposition of large-sized plastics but also from day-to-day use of plastic products. Chronic exposure to MPs has been attributed to harmful effects on aquatic organisms and rodents. Effects include gastrointestinal toxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive and developmental toxicities. Exposure to MPs may also potentially affect human health. Herein, we reviewed the impact of MPs on male and female reproductive systems and the associated mechanisms involved in the reproductive and developmental toxicities of MPs. We performed a literature search in Google Scholar and PubMed using the following keywords: MPs and reproductive toxicity; MPs and developmental studies; MPs and infertility; MPs and aquatics; and MPs and rodents. Evidence of MPs accumulation has been reported in many organs of humans and experimental models. The harmful effects of MPs have been manifested in male and female reproductive systems of mammalian and aquatic animals, including developmental effects on gametes, embryos, and their offspring. This review describes various signaling pathways involved in MPs-associated male and female reproductive and developmental toxicities.
The Reaction of HO2 and CH3O2: CH3OOH Formed from the Singlet Electronic State Surface
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Lam , Stanton John F. 
Published: August 2022

High-level coupled-cluster calculations in combination with two-dimensional master equation simulations were used to study the HO2 + CH3O2 reaction, which plays an important role in the oxidation of methane and hydrocarbons in the Earth’s atmosphere and low-temperature combustion. The main reaction pathways taking place on the lowest-lying triplet and singlet potential energy surfaces (PES) were characterized. Interestingly, methyl hydroperoxide (CH3OOH), the sole product, could be produced from both the triplet and singlet PESs, with a ratio of roughly 9:1. Formaldehyde is not made as a primary product, but can be formed via secondary chemistry. The formation of methyl tetraoxide (MTO) from the singlet PES is unimportant. The calculated reaction rate coefficients were found to be practically pressure-independent for p ≤ 760 Torr and can be given by k(T)=2.75×10−13×e+1.75 kcal mol−1/RT (in cm3/s), an expression useful for kinetics modeling over the range T = 200–800 K. The rate constant has a slight negative Arrhenius energy dependence of about −1.75 kcal mol–1, falling about a factor of 30 from 200 K to 800 K.
Alleviation of Herbicide Toxicity in Solanum lycopersicum L.—An Antioxidant Stimulation Approach
Authors: Ibrahim Rashid I. H. , Alkhudairi Ubai A. , Alhusayni Sultan A. S. 
Published: August 2022

Application of the herbicide glyphosate in crops is a common practice among farmers around the world. Tomato is one of the crops that are treated with glyphosate to fight weed growth and loss of crop. However, tomato plants often show phytotoxic effects from glyphosate. In this study, the ability of pongamia oil derived from Pongamia pinnata (known also as Millettia pinnata) tree to alleviate the herbicide glyphosate toxicity effects in tomato (S.lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-tom) plants was tested. Tomato plants were treated with a mixture of a dose of (GLY) glyphosate (10 mg kg−1) and different doses of pongamia oil (PO) foliar spray (5, 10, 50, and 100 mM) and compared with the herbicide or oil control (glyphosate 10 mg kg−1 or pongamia oil PO 50 mM). Some morphological features, non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants, and gene expression were observed. Glyphosate-treated plants sprayed with PO 50 mM (GLY + PO 50) showed increased root biomass (0.28 g-p ≤ 0.001), shoot biomass (1.2 g-p ≤ 0.01), H2O2 (68 nmol/g), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; 40 mg-p ≤ 0.001), catalase (CAT; 81.21 mg-p ≤ 0.05), ascorbate peroxidase (APX; 80 mg-p ≤ 0.01) and glutathione reductase (GR; 53 min/mg-F4,20 = 15.88, p ≤ 0.05). In contrast, these plants showed reduced contents of Malondialdehyde (MDA; 30 nmol/g-F4,20 = 18.55, p ≤ 0.01), O2 (0.6 Abs/g), Prolne (Pro; 345 µg/g), Glutathine (GSH; 341 nmol/mg-p ≤ 0.001), ascorbate (AsA; 1.8 µmol/gm), ascorbic acid (AA; 1.62 mg-p ≤ 0.05) and dehydroascorbate (DHAR; 0.32 mg p ≤ 0.05). The gene expression analysis was conducted for seven oxidative stress related genes besides the house-keeping gene Actin as a reference. The gene CYP1A1450 showed the highest mRNA expression level (6.8 fold ± 0.4) in GLY-treated tomato plants, whereas GLY-treated plants + PO 50 showed 2.9 fold. The study concluded that foliar spray of 50 mM pongamia oil alleviated the toxic effects of glyphosate on tomato plants in the form of increased root and shoot biomass, SOD, CAT, APX, and GR activity, while reduced MDA, O2, Pro, GSH, AsA, AA, DHAR, and gene CYP1A1450 expression.
ANALYSIS OF THE CLASS COMPOSITION AND EXTERIOR FEATURES OF THE BAI-TAL TYPE OF THE SARLIK YAK BREED
Authors: КАН-ООЛ Б. К. , ЧЫСЫМА Р.Б. , ЛУДУ Б.М. 
Published: August 2022

Изучены классный состав и экстерьер Бай-Талского типа яка породы сарлык, разводимого в ГУП «Бай-Тал» Бай-Тайгинского района Республики Тыва. В данном хозяйстве количество быков-производителей классов «элита» и «элита-рекорд» составило 94,6%, якоматок, отвечающих требованиям I класса и выше, — 89,3%, в том числе классов «элита» и «элита-рекорд» — 49,2%. Якоматки (76,6%) имели возраст 4 года и старше, яки-производители — 5—7 лет. Основная масть яков — черная или черно-пестрая, 15% животных имеют коричневый окрас c отметинами белого цвета. Живая масса производителей и якоматок в исследуемом хозяйстве выше, чем у их сверстников в КФК «Чинге-Шивилиг», на 4,9% (P<0,001) и 1,6% соответственно. Производители и матки ГУП «Бай-Тал» превосходили сверстников по показателям высоты в холке на 9 и 5 см (7,5 и 4,2%); по косой длине туловища — на 5,5 и 4,2 см (4,3 и 3,5%); по глубине груди — на 3,0 и 5,2 (4,3 и 8,5%), ширине груди — на 2,0 и 3,3 см (4,4 и 8,5%), обхвату груди — на 13,0 и 8 см (7,1 и 4,9%) при P<0,01—0,001. Показатель грудного индекса был больше на 0,76 и 0,1%, тазогрудного — на 1,24 и 0,91% сответственно. Преимущество яков Бай-Талского типа подтверждает показатель индекса сбитости, характеризующий лучшее развитие массы тела, величина которого у них больше на 3,1 и 1,3%.The class composition and exterior of the Bai-Tal type of the Sarlyk yak, bred in the State Unitary Enterprise "Bai-Tal" of the Bai-Taiginsky district of the Republic of Tyva, were studied. In this farm, the number of sires of the "elite" and "eliterecord" classes amounted to 94.6%, yak females meeting the requirements of class I and above — 89.3%, including the "elite" and "elite-record" classes - 49.2%. Yak females (76.6%) were 4 years old and older, sire yaks were 5—7 years old. The main color of yaks is black or black-and-white, 15% of animals are brown with white markings. The live weight of sires and yak females in the study farm is higher than that of their peers in Chinge-Shivilig, by 4.9% (P<0.001) and 1.6%, respectively. The sires and queens of Bai-Tal State Unitary Enterprise surpassed their peers in terms of height at the withers by 9 and 5 cm (7.5 and 4.2%); along the oblique length of the body — by 5.5 and 4.2 cm (4.3 and 3.5%); chest depth — by 3.0 and 5.2 (4.3 and 8.5%), chest width — by 2.0 and 3.3 cm (4.4 and 8.5%), chest circumference — by 13.0 and 8 cm (7.1 and 4.9%) at P<0.01—0.001. The thoracic index was higher by 0.76 and 0.1%, the thoracic index — by 1.24 and 0.91%, respectively. The advantage of yaks of the Bai-Tal type is confirmed by the downfall index, which characterizes the best development of body weight, the value of which is higher by 3.1 and 1.3%.