bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tunable Nanoporous Structures with Rose Petal Effect by Soft‐Template Electropolymerization of Benzotrithiophene Monomers
Authors: Sow Salif , Dihissou Salihu , Dramé Abdoulaye , Sene Aboubacary , Orange François , Dieng Samba Yandé , Guittard Frédéric , Darmanin Thierry 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHere, various original benzotrithiophene‐based monomers are synthesized and studied for their capacity to form nanoporous structures by soft‐template electropolymerization in organic solvent while studying the influence of water (H2O). Here, nanoporous structures are especially observed in solvent saturated with H2O, while the substituent has in influence especially on the size of the porous structures. The highest hydrophobic properties Θw=141.1° are obtained with perfluorooctyl chains (BTT‐F8), which leads to a huge number of nanoporous structures of extremely small size. Moreover, the surfaces have also strong water adhesion comparable to rose petals or gecko foot and could be used in future applications in water harvesting systems.
Engineering of Surface Energy of Cell‐Culture Platform to Enhance the Growth and Differentiation of Dendritic Cells via Vapor‐Phase Synthesized Functional Polymer Films
Authors: Lee Minseok , Chun Dongmin , Park Seonghyeon , Choi Goro , Kim Yesol , Kang Suk‐Jo , Im Sung Gap 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough the dendritic cell (DC)‐based modulation of immune responses has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for tumors, infections, and autoimmune diseases, basic research and therapeutic applications of DCs are hampered by expensive growth factors and sophisticated culture procedures. Furthermore, the platform to drive the differentiation of a certain DC subset without any additional biochemical manipulations has not yet been developed. Here, five types of polymer films with different hydrophobicity via an initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) process to modulate the interactions related to cell–substrate adhesion are introduced. Especially, poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) (pCHMA) substantially enhances the expansion and differentiation of conventional type 1 DCs (cDC1s), the prime DC subset for antigen cross‐presentation, and CD8+ T cell activation, by 4.8‐fold compared to the conventional protocol. The cDC1s generated from the pCHMA‐coated plates retain the bona fide DC functions including the expression of co‐stimulatory molecules, cytokine secretion, antigen uptake and processing, T cell activation, and induction of antitumor immune responses. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report highlighting that the modulation of surface hydrophobicity of the culture plate can be an incisive approach to construct an advanced DC culture platform with high efficiency, which potentially facilitates basic research and the development of immunotherapy employing DCs.
Organic frameworks confined Cu single atoms and nanoclusters for tandem electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to methane
Authors: Zhao Qinglan , Wang Yian , Li Meng , Zhu Shangqian , Li Tiehuai , Yang Jixiang , Lin Ting , Delmo Ernest P. , Wang Yinuo , Jang Juhee , Gu Meng , Shao Minhua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction reaction of carbon dioxide (CO2RR) is considered to be an effective way to realize carbon neutrality. As a type of intensively studied materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with a tunable pore structure and various functional groups are promising catalysts for CO2RR. Herein, COF synthesized by 2,6‐diaminoanthraquinone and 2,4,6‐triformylphloroglucinol is employed to assist the synthesis of electrocatalysts from Cu single atoms (SAs) to nanoclusters by controlling the electrodeposition. A tandem catalyst for CO2‐to‐CH4 conversion is thus achieved by the Cu nanoclusters dispersed among the isolated Cu SAs in the COF network. It is proposed that CO2 is first reduced to CO over the atomically isolated Cu SAs, followed by diffusion onto the neighboring Cu nanoclusters for further reduction into CH4. In addition, mechanistic analysis suggests that the coordinated K+ ions on the COF network promote the activation of CO2 and the adsorption of reaction intermediates, thus realizing the suppressed hydrogen evolution reaction and selective production of CH4. This study presents a new insight of COFs for the confined synthesis of a tunable SA to nanocluster electrocatalysts, disclosing the great potential of COFs in electrocatalysis.
“The Darker Your Skin Color is, the Harder it is in Korea”: Discursive Construction of Racial Identity in Teaching Internationally
Authors: Lee Hakyoon , Jang Gyewon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGrowing interest in international teaching programs has produced a surge of research on international language teaching (Menard‐Warwick, 2008). However, there are relatively few studies on the international teaching experiences of native English‐speaking teachers of color regarding their racial identity. To fill this gap, this longitudinal multi‐case study explores how three non‐White novice native English‐speaking teachers understood their racial and teacher identities during their international teaching in Korea. With a specific focus on their racial identity, how they make sense of their teaching and living experiences is examined in diverse contexts of their social interactions. The participants’ reflective and evaluative narratives from interviews were analyzed. The findings show that although their racial identity has a negative impact on their linguistic and professional identity that is denied by Korean society, the teachers utilized their own strategies for constructing a sense of belonging to the local and professional community. This study calls for a holistic, situated understanding of racial identity construction of non‐White native English teachers by urging further discussion of racism in the global ELT profession. This discussion encompasses the varying, pressing needs of expatriate English teachers from diverse backgrounds.
Skill versus Social Practice? Some Challenges in Teaching Digital Literacy in the University Classroom
Authors: Weninger Csilla 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDigital literacy is viewed by many governments as an educational priority area, resulting in policies and curricula aimed at developing students’ digital literacy skills. This can present many challenges, including lacking teacher professional development, uneven digital infrastructure across school districts or unequal access to digital media among students. In this article, I focus on a different challenge that stems from differing definitions of digital literacy among educational researchers, teachers, and educational policy makers and the tensions that can arise from these differences for teachers who are tasked with developing learners’ digital literacy. Specifically, I discuss how I have merged a curricular mandate for a skills‐heavy digital literacy policy with my theoretical conviction of literacy as social practice in my teaching of a tertiary course on digital literacy. To do so, I first critically examine Singapore’s recent digital literacy curriculum reform with reference to a larger divide between conceptualizations of digital literacy as technical, decontextualized skills related to employability on the one hand and as social practice rooted in students’ lived experiences on the other. Second, I discuss my efforts at combining these two perspectives in teaching digital media literacy, highlighting how we can foster digital ‘skills’ and critical engagement with digital media while providing space for playful and creative communicative practice.
The role of water in environmental migration
Authors: Stoler Justin , Pearson Amber L. , Rosinger Asher Y. , Lee Alison Elizabeth , Bombardi Rodrigo , Brewis Alexandra , Keough Sara Beth , López‐Carr David , Shrader Cho‐Hee , Stauber Christine E. , Stevenson Edward G. J. , Sullivan Andrea , Tutu Raymond A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWater has always been a driver of human mobility, migration, and displacement. But water is increasingly central to explaining environmental migration in the context of climate change. Most studies of the relationship between water and environmental migration are framed around punctuated, extreme weather events and disasters that either limit agricultural or livestock productivity or make a community physically unlivable. The chronic experiences of household water insecurity and poor water governance also shape migration decision‐making through a variety of social, political, and economic factors, but these relationships have received considerably less attention. This article provides an overview of punctuated and chronic water‐related triggers of environmental migration at the household level. We also offer a conceptual framework based on multiphasic response theory that highlights water's multiple roles in migration decision‐making. We close by reflecting on key gaps in the climate‐water‐migration literature, identifying research questions that might help us better understand these relationships, and considering the implications for sustainable development policies that could potentially ease pressures on water‐related displacement.
The Religious Experience of Ill Health in Late Sixteenth-Century Italy
Authors: Kuuliala Jenni 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis chapter discusses the role of lived religion in interpreting and forming the experience of illness, disability, and pain. The focus is on two cultural scripts that were inherent to early modern Italian culture: miracles and witchcraft. By using canonization process records and records of the Roman Inquisition as the source, the analysis focuses on the ways the veneration of saints and the belief in miraculous healing as well as the idea that witchcraft could make a person ill played into the lived religion of the period.
Prayer and the Body in Lay Religious Experience in Early Modern Finland
Authors: Toivo Raisa Maria 
Published: March 2022

AbstractToivo’s chapter systematizes prayer as experience on three levels, as everyday encounters, as social processes and as structures. It shows the material and the corporeal nature of the early modern prayer to play an essential part in the ways the religious experience of a prayer was simultaneously constructed and personalized and shared. Praying was ‘doing’ in a much more holistic sense than merely saying words or even less thinking thoughts to God. The body and the material surroundings of the prayer form a space where the experience takes place, even ‘a tool’ to experience with.
Extended Families as Communities of Religious Experience in Late Seventeenth-Century Eastern Finland
Authors: Kuha Miia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis chapter offers an interpretation of extended families as communities of experience in a rural area close to the eastern border of the Swedish realm. Through a case study of lower court records, Kuha examines the social and religious life in a 17th-century farm culminating in the crisis of an extended family. The chapter explores how practices of lived religion shaped the relationship of the community and the individual, and how experiences were negotiated within families and local communities. The analysis highlights the importance of protecting the boundaries of the household as well as the meaning of religious practices in creating cohesion within the community.
Visualization of the distal tibial plafond articular surface using four established approaches and the efficacy of instrumented distraction: a cadaveric study
Authors: Kleinertz Holger , Tessarzyk Marlon , Schoof Benjamin , Nüchtern Jakob Valentin , Püschel Klaus , Barg Alexej , Frosch Karl-Heinz 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Direct visualization is a very effective method in accomplishing adequate articular surface reconstruction in fracture repair. This study investigates distal tibial plafond articular surface visibility using the anteromedial, anterolateral, posteromedial, and posterolateral approaches, the effect of instrumented distraction on visibility, and which zones of the articular surface are visible for each approach.

Methods
The anteromedial, anterolateral, posteromedial, and posterolateral approaches to the distal tibial plafond were performed on 16 cadaveric ankle specimens. The articular surface visualization for each approach was marked using an electrocautery device with manual and instrumented distraction. Articular surface visualization was photographically documented. Digital axial segmentation and quantitative analysis of the visualized distal tibial plafond articular surface were performed.

Results
With manual distraction, distal tibial plafond articular surface visualization, expressed in percent of overall articular surface, was limited to 9% (SD ± 9) for the anteromedial, 24% (SD ± 18) for the anterolateral, 26% (SD ± 10) for the posteromedial, and 30% (SD ± 18) for the posterolateral approaches. Using instrumented distraction significantly improved articular surface visualization in all instances (p < 0.001). The anteromedial approach visible articular surface increased to 63% (SD ± 13), the anterolateral to 72% (SD ± 22), the posteromedial to 62% (SD ± 11), and the posterolateral to 50% (± 17).

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the efficacy of instrumented distraction when attempting surgical visualization of the distal tibial plafond articular surface. Knowledge of approach specific articular surface visibility may assist the surgeon in choosing the appropriate approach(es) based on case-specific distal tibial plafond fracture patterns.

Level of evidence
IV, cadaver study.
Atopische Dermatitis – Identifikation von Bedürfnissen der deutschen Bevölkerung mittels Internetsuchanfragen
Authors: Tizek Linda , Schielein Maximilian C. , Tizek Lucas , Zink Alexander 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das Internet ist eine der wichtigsten Informationsquellen für gesundheitliche Themen für die Allgemeinbevölkerung. Deshalb kann die Analyse von Internetsuchmaschinen dabei helfen, die gesellschaftlichen Interessen und Bedürfnisse bezüglich Erkrankungen zu erfassen.

Ziel
Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Suchanfragen zu atopischer Dermatitis (AD) in Bezug auf Häufigkeit, Interessenschwerpunkt und zeitliches Auftreten in allen deutschen Bundesländern zu untersuchen, um mögliche regionale Unterschiede zu identifizieren.

Material und Methoden
Mithilfe des Google Ads Keyword Planner wurden AD relevante Keywords inklusive deren monatlichen Suchvolumens zwischen Januar 2017 und Dezember 2020 identifiziert, die in Interessenschwerpunkte unterteilt wurden.

Ergebnisse
Es wurden 1419 Keywords gefunden, die ein Suchvolumen von 14.817.610 Anfragen hatten. Das größte Suchvolumen hatte die Kategorie Allgemein (n = 5.970.840), jedoch wurden der Kategorie Lokalisation die meisten Keywords zugeordnet (n = 348). Rund 60 % der Keywords zu Lokalisation bezogen sich auf AD im Gesicht. Von allen Bundesländern hatten Bremen und Hamburg das größte Suchvolumen pro 100.000 Einwohner. Mit über 70 % war ein enormer Anstieg im Suchvolumen zu beobachten, der v. a. 2020 sichtbar wurde.

Diskussion
Durch diese Internetsuchmaschinenanalyse konnte verdeutlicht werden, welche AD-relevanten Aspekte von besonderer Bedeutung für die Bevölkerung waren, was dabei helfen kann, Informationskampagnen zielgerichtet anzupassen. Zudem unterstreicht die Studie die immer größer werdende Relevanz des Internets als Informationsquelle für gesundheitliche Themen.
Mental health service use among mothers involved in public family law proceedings: linked data cohort study in South London 2007–2019
Authors: Pearson Rachel J. , Grant Claire , Wijlaars Linda , Finch Emily , Bedston Stuart , Broadhurst Karen , Gilbert Ruth 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Mental health problems and substance misuse are common among the mothers of children who experience court-mandated placement into care in England, yet there is limited research characterising these health needs to inform evidence-based policy. In this descriptive study, we aimed to generate evidence about the type, severity, and timing of mental health and substance misuse needs among women involved in public family law proceedings concerning child placement into care (‘care proceedings’).

Methods
This is a retrospective, matched cohort study using linked family court and mental health service records for 2137 (66%) of the 3226 women involved in care proceedings between 2007 and 2019 in the South London and Maudsley NHS Mental Health Trust (SLaM) catchment area. We compared mental health service use and risk of dying with 17,096 female-matched controls who accessed SLaM between 2007 and 2019, aged 16–55 years, and were not involved in care proceedings.

Results
Most women (79%) were known to SLaM before care proceedings began. Women had higher rates of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (19% vs 11% matched controls), personality disorders (21% vs 11%), and substance misuse (33% vs 12%). They were more likely to have a SLaM inpatient admission (27% vs 14%) or to be sectioned (19% vs 8%). Women had a 2.15 (95% CI 1.68–2.74) times greater hazard of dying, compared to matched controls, adjusted for age.

Conclusion
Women involved in care proceedings experience a particularly high burden of severe and complex mental health and substance misuse need. Women’s increased risk of mortality following proceedings highlights that interventions responding to maternal mental health and substance misuse within family courts should offer continued, long-term support.
Robotic weld groove scanning for large tubular T-joints using a line laser sensor
Authors: Cibicik Andrej , Njaastad Eirik B. , Tingelstad Lars , Egeland Olav 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a novel procedure for robotic scanning of weld grooves in large tubular T-joints. The procedure is designed to record the discrete weld groove scans using a commercially available line laser scanner which is attached to the robot end-effector. The advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it does not require any prior knowledge of the joint interface geometry, while only two initial scanning positions have to be specified. The position and orientation of the following scan are calculated using the data from two previous weld groove scans, so once initiated, the scanning process is fully autonomous. The procedure is a two-step algorithm consisting of the prediction and correction substeps, where the position and orientation of the sensor for the following scan are predicted and corrected. Such a procedure does not require frequent weld groove scanning for navigation along the groove. The performance of the proposed procedure is studied experimentally using an industrial-size T-joint specimen. Several cases of scanning motion parameters have been tested, and a discussion on the results is given.
Incidence of Liver Resection Following the Introduction of Caseload Requirements for Liver Surgery in Switzerland
Authors: Haak Fabian , Soysal Savas , Deutschmann Elisabeth , Moffa Giusi , Bucher Heiner C. , Kaech Max , Kettelhack Christoph , Kollmar Otto , von Strauss und Torney Marco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCentralization of care is an established concept in complex visceral surgery. Switzerland introduced case load requirements (CR) in 2013 in five areas of cancer surgery. The current study investigates the effects of CR on indication and mortality in liver surgery.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of a complete national in‐hospital data set including all admissions between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2015. Primary outcome variables were the incidence proportion and the 60‐day in‐hospital mortality of liver resections. Incidence proportion was calculated as the overall yearly number of liver resections performed in relation to the population living in Switzerland before and after the introduction of CR.ResultsOur analysis shows an increase number of liver resections compared to the period before introduction of CR from 2005–2012 (4.67 resections/100,000) to 2013–2015 (5.32 resections/100,000) after CR introduction. Age‐adjusted incidence proportion increased by 14% (OR 1.14 95 CI [1.07–1.22]). National in‐hospital mortality remained stable before and after CR (4.1 vs 3.7%), but increased in high‐volume institutions (3.6 vs 5.6%). The number of hospitals performing liver resections decreased after the introduction of CR from 86 to 43. Half of the resections were performed in institutions reaching the stipulated numbers (53% before vs 49% after introduction of CR). After implementation of CR, patients undergoing liver surgery had more comorbidities (88 vs 92%).ConclusionThe introduction of CR for liver surgery in Switzerland in 2013 was accompanied by an increase in operative volume with limited effects on centralization of care.
The accuracy of Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS): an updated comprehensive multi-institutional, multi-readers systematic review and meta-analysis from diagnostic evidence into future clinical recommendations
Authors: Del Giudice Francesco , Flammia Rocco Simone , Pecoraro Martina , Moschini Marco , D’Andrea David , Messina Emanuele , Pisciotti Lucia Martina , De Berardinis Ettore , Sciarra Alessandro , Panebianco Valeria 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To determine through a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis the cumulative diagnostic performance of vesical imaging-reporting and data system (VIRADS) to predict preoperative muscle-invasiveness among different institutions, readers, and optimal scoring accuracy thresholds.

Methods
PubMed, Cochrane and Embase were searched from inception up to May 2021. Sensitivity (Sn), Specificity (Sp) were first estimated and subsequently pooled using hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristics (HSROC) modeling for both cut-off ≥ 3 and ≥ 4 to predict muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Further sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were conducted to investigate contribution of moderators to heterogeneity.

Results
In total, n = 20 studies from 2019 to 2021 with n = 2477 patients by n = 53 genitourinary radiologists met the inclusion criteria. Pooled weighted Sn and Sp were 0.87 (95% CI 0.82–0.91) and 0.86 (95% CI 0.80–0.90) for cut-off ≥ 3 while 0.78 (95% CI 0.74–0.81) and 0.94 (95% CI 0.91–0.96) for cut-off ≥ 4. The area under the HSROC curve was 0.93 (95% CI 0.90–0.95) and 0.91 (95% CI 0.88–0.93) for cut-off ≥ 3 and ≥ 4, respectively. Meta-regression analyses showed no influence of clinical characteristics nor cumulative reader’s experience while study design and radiological characteristics were found to influence the estimated outcome.

Conclusion
We demonstrated excellent worldwide diagnostic performance of VI-RADS to determine pre-trans urethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) staging. Our findings corroborate wide reliability of VI-RADS accuracy also between different centers with varying experience underling the importance that standardization and reproducibility of VI-RADS may confer to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) for preoperative BCa discrimination.