bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing the northern supply haul: legal aspect
Authors: Kuznetsov M. E. , Nikishova M. I. 
Published: September 2022

Objective: to evaluate the regulatory legal mechanisms of the management of the Northern supply haul to the Far North regions and to formulate proposals for their improvement.Methods: a spatial approach that allowed us to consider the management of the Northern supply haul through the conceptualization of the spatial dimension of the remote areas supply processes – the predestination of a certain geographical coordinate system in which the object under study is placed, and the presence of regionalization determined by the spatial and temporal structuring of the territory of our country; interviewing and focus groups with executive authorities, representatives of research institutes, expert and business communities in order to form an array of initial data on the legal aspects of the Northern supply haul.Results: the article states that regional regulatory legal acts are predominantly non-systemic in nature (except in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)), regulating certain areas of state support, in particular the procedure for providing financial support. The low demand for other types of support is due to the need to form incentives for the participation of economic entities in the Northern supply haul under low business margins. The difficulty lies in the need to integrate centralized and decentralized supply systems in the absence of an appropriate legal framework.Scientific novelty: for the first time, an assessment of the effectiveness of state support measures for the Northern supply haul was carried out to determine the directions for improving its legal mechanisms. The definition of the Northern supply haul and categorization of these areas by periods of transport communication are proposed. The improvement of legal regulation based on the development of a single law with the definition of the rules for stakeholders is proposed.Practical significance: the presented assessment of the legal mechanisms of the Northern supply haul management and the formation of proposals for their improvement can be useful for correcting the existing and developing a new approach to the development of a specialized regulatory legal framework at both the federal and regional levels. The recommendations can be used by executive authorities in the development of state policy and regulatory regulation of life support issues in the northern territories.
Some aspects of the legal provision of private property nationalization
Authors: Efimtseva T. V. 
Published: September 2022

Objective: to study the current state of the doctrine and legislation on nationalization in order to formulate proposals for improving the legal regulation of public relations in this area.Methods: the study used such general scientific methods of cognition as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, and analogy. The logical method of research helped to formulate definitions of some terms, in particular, nationalization and emergency nationalization; their inherent features were identified. While studying the topic, private scientific research methods characteristic of jurisprudence were also used: formal legal and comparative legal methods, which helped to reveal the logic of the legislator and draw conclusions about the expediency of paying compensation when nationalizing property from private owners.Results: based on the analysis of legislation and the practice of its application, as well as of the Russian and foreign literature, the essence of nationalization was revealed. In the article, nationalization is understood as the acquisition by the state of ownership of property that was privately owned, on the basis of federal law, with or without compensation of the property value to the owner, which is aimed at protecting public interests. The article pays special attention to the understanding of the “state property” category as the property of the whole people, i.e. public property.Scientific novelty: the article reveals the concept and essence of nationalization, as well as related legal categories (privatization, alienation, compensation, etc.), conducts a comparative legal analysis of the order of nationalization in various states, and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of preliminary and equivalent compensation as a prerequisite for private property nationalization. The author substantiates the need for nationalization of enterprises in all important industries, and, primarily, in the areas of natural monopolies, in which producers can make a profit to ensure their own development only. Nationalization should be soft, with the possibility of compensation, but only after a full audit of the performance of enterprises to resolve the issue of how conscientiously and responsibly their owners and managers acted.Practical significance: the main conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and practical activities to improve civil legislation and the practice of its application, as well as to develop long-term and short-term strategies for the economic development of Russia.
Territorial analysis of crime in rural areas and its short-term forecast for 2022
Authors: Koimshidi G. F. , Chirkov D. K. , Litvinov A. A. 
Published: September 2022

Objective: to analyze the criminological situation in the Russian Federation and the territorial differences in crime in rural areas, as well as to make a short-term forecast of this type of crime in the Russian Federation.Methods: dynamic, statistical, historical, systemic-structural and comparative-legal methods, as well as a specific sociological methodology of estimating rural crime.Results: the main trend of rural crime from January 1, 2019 to October 1, 2021 can be considered a uniform straightline decrease: a constant monthly decrease by 1.1 thousand crimes. This trend characterizes a situation when the effect of criminogenic factors is neutralized by the impact of anti-criminogenic ones. If we take the above-mentioned data as a basis and generalize them for the next year, we can assume that in 2022 from 331.2 thousand to 388.8 thousand crimes will be registered in rural areas of the Russian Federation. Meanwhile, it should be noted that official data on the state of crime in rural areas, as well as the criminal statistics in the Russian Federation as a whole, cause well-founded doubts. The landslide reduction in crimes in rural areas does not follow from the ongoing social changes in rural areas and gives reason to believe that such a reduction is due to a violation of accounting and registration discipline on the part of staff of the law-enforcement bodies.Scientific novelty: for the first time, a comparative legal analysis of the dynamics of registered crimes in rural and urban areas was carried out, as a result of which the features of crime in rural areas were identified and the author’s short-term forecast for 2022 was proposed. Despite the tendency to reduce the number of crimes registered in rural areas in 2009-2021, the criminal situation in rural areas remains complicated. Statistical indicators do not reflect the real state of this type of crime, since this trend is due to artificial regulation of the number of crimes reflected in statistical reporting towards understatement.Practical significance: as a result of the conducted criminological research, a high degree of public danger of crime in rural areas has been revealed, and its forecasting makes it possible to pay closer attention to the need to develop effective measures to combat and prevent this type of crime.
The Justice Gap and the Promise of Criminological Research. Russian Journal of Economics and Law
Authors: Leo R. A. 
Published: September 2022

Objective: to summarize and study the law-application errors during preliminary interrogation, court investigation, and conviction in the American criminal justice system.Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors, which predetermined the following research methods: formal-logical and sociological.Results: the work describes in detail and considers four main causes of law-application errors occurring during preliminary interrogation, court investigation, and conviction in the American criminal justice system. These include: false confessions, eyewitness misidentification, forensic error, and perjured jailhouse informant testimony. Hence, it is not accidental that the main task of empirical research of criminologists and other researchers in the past two decades has been a call for greater transparency in the evidence-gathering process and the development and implementation of best practices based on social science research. Developing conceptual knowledge is important not only for creating a more systematic, generalizable and respectable criminology of wrongful conviction, but also to better inform policy-makers’ understandings that people’s lives may be at stake, as well as trade-offs of wrongful convictions.Scientific novelty: the work considers the current problems in the American criminal justice system, that occur during preliminary interrogation, court investigation, and conviction. Among them are the problems of police interrogations, false confessions and court errors, leading to wrongful convictions.Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering the issues related to the minimization of errors occurring at the stages of preliminary interrogation, court investigation, and conviction in the American criminal justice system.The article was first published in English language by Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society and The Western Society of Criminology Hosting by Scholastica. For more information please contact:CCJLS@WesternCriminology.org.For original publication: Leo, R. A. (2014). The Justice Gap and the Promise of Criminological Research, Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society, 15 (3), 1–37.Publication URL: https://ccjls.scholasticahq.com/article/419-the-justice-gap-and-the-promise-of-criminological-research
A personalized individual semantics model for computing with linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy information and application in MCDM
Authors: Li Jian , Niu Li-li , Chen Qiongxia , Li Feilong , Wang Zhong-xing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper develops a personalized individual semantics (PISs) model for computing with linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy information and applies to evaluating different brands of mobile phones. First, considering that a linguistic term means different things to different decision-makers, a consistency-driven optimization model for checking the additive consistent linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations (LIFPRs) is constructed by considering the PISs of a decision maker. Besides, several optimization models is built to determine the PISs of linguistic terms in LIFPRs and obtain the acceptable additive consistent LIFPRs. Second, a new definition of Hamming distance between linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (LIFNs) is developed by considering the PISs of a decision maker, and several of its desirable properties are discussed. Then, the method of deriving the weight vectors of criteria is calculated based on the proposed distance measure. Subsequently, a framework of group decision making process with LIFPRs is offered, and the application of the proposed method is illustrated by using a multi-criteria decision-making problem about evaluating different brands of mobile phones. Finally, the comparative analysis is conducted to show the feasibility of proposed group decision-making method.
Negative representations of night-shift work and mental health of public hospital healthcare workers in the COVID-19 era (Aladdin survey)
Authors: CABROLIER Lorraine COUSIN , BEO Vincent DI , MARCELLIN Fabienne , TORRENTE Olivia ROUSSET , MAHE Véronique , VALDERAS José Maria , CHASSANY Olivier , CARRIERI Patrizia Maria , DURACINSKY Martin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background

Many risk factors impact the health of hospital night workers, which can lead to physical and mental health disorders. During the recent period, night hospital workers have been particularly stressed. This study therefore aims to: (i) To document the prevalence of depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and symptoms suggestive of post-traumatic stress disorder in NSHW working in Parisian public hospitals after France’s first COVID-19 wave ended; (ii) To estimate the effect of negative representations and perceptions of night shift work on these mental health outcomes.

Methods

An observational cross-sectional online survey of NSHW (June to September 2020) in 39 public hospitals in Paris, France. Standard scales were used to measure mental health outcomes. Weighted multinomial logistic regression helped identify predictors of depression (score>10 on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS, for depression), anxiety (score>10 on the HADS for anxiety), severe insomnia (score>21 on the Insomnia Severity Index, ISI) and symptoms suggestive of post-traumatic stress disorder (score>36 on the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, IES-R).

Results

The weighted prevalence rates [95% confidence interval] of depression, anxiety, severe insomnia, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder were, respectively, 18.9% [16.5-21.2], 7.6% [6.0-9.1], 8.6% [6.9-10.2] and 11.7% [9.7-13.6]. After multiple adjustment, organizational changes in NSHW professional lives due to the COVID-19 pandemic (such as moving to another hospital department and modified schedules) and NSHW-perceived negative representations of night work were significantly associated with all studied mental health outcomes.

Conclusion

Findings confirm the importance of monitoring mental health and sleep quality among NSHW in Parisian public hospitals, even more during health crises. Multilevel interventions aiming at reducing negative representations and improving work organization are urgently needed to improve overall health of this frontline healthcare providers group.
Viruses of a key coral symbiont exhibit temperature-driven productivity across a reefscape
Authors: Howe-Kerr Lauren , Grupstra Carsten , Rabbitt Kristen , Conetta Dennis , Coy Samantha , Klinges J. Grace , Maher Rebecca , McConnell Kaitlin , Meiling Sonora , Messyasz Adriana , Schmeltzer Emily , Seabrook Sarah , Sims Jordan , Veglia Alex , Thurber Andrew , Thurber Rebecca Vega , Correa Adrienne 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
One way viruses can affect coral health is by infecting their symbiotic dinoflagellate partners (Symbiodiniaceae). Yet, viral dynamics in coral colonies exposed to environmental stress have not been studied at the reef scale, particularly within individual viral lineages. We sequenced the viral major capsid protein (mcp) gene of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses known to infect symbiotic dinoflagellates (‘dinoRNAVs’) to analyze their dynamics in the reef-building coral, Porites lobata. We repeatedly sampled 54 colonies harboring Cladocopium C15 dinoflagellates, across three environmentally distinct reef zones (fringing reef, back reef, and forereef) around the island of Moorea, French Polynesia over a three-year period, and spanning a reef-wide thermal stress event. By the end of the sampling period, 28% (5/18) of corals in the fringing reef experienced partial mortality versus 78% (14/18) in the forereef. Over 90% (50/54) of colonies had detectable dinoRNAV infections. Reef zone influenced the composition and richness of viral mcp amino acid types (‘aminotypes’), with the fringing reef containing the highest aminotype richness. The reef-wide thermal stress event significantly increased aminotype dispersion, and this pattern was strongest in the colonies that experienced partial mortality. These findings demonstrate that dinoRNAV infections respond to environmental fluctuations experienced in situ on reefs. Further, viral productivity will likely increase as ocean temperatures continue to rise, potentially impacting the foundational symbiosis underpinning coral reef ecosystems.
Multidimensional Deprivation in the Development of Manipur, a North-Eastern State of India
Authors: Devi Loitongbam Hena , De Utpal Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

This paper uses the recent approach of multidimensional deprivation measures and their association with urbanization and inequality to have a comprehensive regional-level analysis of the living conditions in Manipur. The study is based on the simultaneous analysis of various rounds of the two data sets namely, the National Sample Survey (NSS) and the National Family Health Survey (NFHS), and conducted by using the decomposable deprivation measures both at the regional disaggregated level and across socio-economic groups. The results do not show a significant relationship between deprivation and inequality and poverty. In contrast to the traditional expectation of a higher concentration of deprived people in remote/rural areas, the Poisson Regression analysis observed a clear indication of a higher concentration of deprived population in the urban areas. A higher prevalence of female-headed deprived households is also observed in the study. The Imphal-West district replaced Tamenglong in 2015-16 to be the most deprived district in Manipur. STs are found to be the most deprived category in the state in 2011-12 and is replaced by OBC in 2015-16. The factors like district, sector, education of the household head, and MPCE are significant (p = 000) in explaining the level of deprivation. However, the study does not get strong evidence for caste to impact the degree of deprivation in Manipur.
Jel No: I30, I32, P36
Exploring the morphological dynamics of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linn. 1758) in Victoria Nile as depicted from geometric morphometrics
Authors: Tibihika Papius Dias , Curto Manuel , Meimberg Harald , Aruho Cassius , Muganga George , Lugumira Jerome Sebadduka , Namulawa Victoria Tibenda , Aanyu Margaret , Ddungu Richard , Ondhoro Constantine Chobet , Okurut Tom 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Various anthropogenic activities continue to threaten the fish biodiversity of the East African water bodies such as the Victoria Nile. Although the Victoria Nile is a significant source of livelihood to human populations, the biology and ecology of Nile tilapia in this ecosystem remain understudied with little or no information on the morphology of the fish given varying and immense anthropogenic activities. Here, we use geometric morphometrics to examine the morphology/shape variations of Nile tilapia populations in Victoria Nile to gain insights into their current ecological state.
Results: Our results indicate unexpected smaller body weights of Nile tilapia in Victoria Nile than in L. Victoria. Despite this, all the populations displayed condition factors of greater than 2 suggesting a healthy stock. We also report that the Upper and Lower Victoria Nile populations display morphological similarities. We note that Nile tilapia from Nalubale Dam Reservoir is morphologically distinct from the close neighboring Victoria Nile populations which are likely allied to the influence of the Nalubale Hydroelectric power dam as a barrier.
Conclusion: Nile tilapia’s morphological variation appears to be influenced by various anthropogenic disturbances notably, overfishing, hydroelectric power dams, and fish translocational history in Uganda. Management should enforce regulatory frameworks to avert human-mediated activities as these are likely to compromise the sustainability of the fisheries. Further studies are required to follow these populations with molecular data to gain a deeper understanding of the fish species for sustainable management and conservation.
Micronized Bamboo Powder Affects the Growth Performance, Intestinal Development, Cecal Chyme Microflora and Metabolic Pathway of Broilers aged 24-45 days
Authors: Dai Fawen , Lin Tao , Huang Xia , Yang Yaojun , Nong Xiang , Zuo Jianjun , Feng Dingyuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Our previous study has revealed that micronized bamboo powder (MBP) can promote the growth performance of broilers aged 1-22 days (d) by improving oxidation resistance, balancing intestinal microflora and regulating metabolic pathways. This study further evaluates the effects of MBP on broilers aged 24-45 d. In this experiment, eight hundred and eighty (880) slow-growing spotted-brown broilers aged 22 d were pre-fed for 2 days, and then randomly divided into two groups according to weight and gender. There were 8 replicates in each group and 55 broilers in each replicate. The trial lasted for 21 d. The broilers in the control group were fed with an antibiotic-free basal diet (denoted as Group D), and the broilers in the experimental group were supplemented with 1% MBP based on an antibiotic-free basal diet (denoted as Group F). The results reveal that, for the growth performance, during 24-45 d, no significant difference is observed between Group F and the control group, in average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and the weight gain and feed consumption ratio (P>0.05). For intestinal development, the broilers in Group F exhibit a significantly higher organ index of the cecum, jejunum villus height, and ratio of villi to crypt, compared to the control group (P<0.05). For the cecal chyme microflora, the abundance ratio ofFirmicutesis higher, while the abundance ratio ofBacterodiesis relatively lower than that of the control group. The addition of MBP significantly up-regulates the expression abundance ofp_Firmicutes,f_Alicyclobacillaceae,g_Acutalibacter,f_Peptococcaceae,f_Clostridiaceae,f_Bacillaceae,g_Enterococcus,f_Enterococcasea, while down-regulates the expression abundance ofp_Bacteroidetes,f_Bacteroidaceae,g_Bacteroides,o_Bacteroidales and c_Bacteroidia(P<0.05). For the metabolic pathways, 66 different pathways are observed between Group F and control group, including Alanine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid metabolism, Butyric acid metabolism, Arginine synthesis, Linoleic acid metabolism and β-alanine metabolism. The correlation analysis reveals thatFirmicutesin cecal chyme are significantly positively correlated with some fatty acids, including syringic acid, 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid, and butyric acid (P< 0.05). And theBacterodiesare positively correlated with some amino acids, including L-Alanine, L-Threonine, 3-Methylthiopropionic acid and L-Glutamic acid (P<0.05). To sum up, adding 1%MBP to replace corn equivalently has no negative effect on the growth performance of broilers. This may be related to the fact that MBP can improve intestinal development, and increase the content of bacteria that promote fatty acid metabolism and fiber degradation. It is necessary to further study the effects of MBP on amino acid metabolism and broiler growth by regulating the microflora structure in the chyme.