bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relations between children's exploration in a children's museum and their reflections about their exploration
Authors: Sobel David M. , Stricker Laura W. , Weisberg Deena Skolnick 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe examined 6‐ to 9‐year‐olds' (N = 60, 35 girls, 34% White, 23% Hispanic, 2% Black/African American, 2% Asian/Asian American, 22% Mixed Ethnicity/Race, 17% Unavailable, collected April–September 2019 in Providence, RI, USA) first‐person perspectives on their exploration of museum exhibits. We coded goal setting, goal completion, and behaviors that reflected changes to how goals were accomplished. Whether children played collaboratively related to how often they revised behaviors to accomplish goals (OR = 2.14). When asked to reflect on their play, older children related talk about goals with behavioral revisions, demonstrating that children develop the ability to reflect on their goals when they watch their behaviors change (OR = 1.23). We discuss how these results inform the development of metacognitive reflection on learning through exploration.
Microleakage assessment of CAD‐CAM Cobalt‐Chrome and Zirconia abutments on a conical connection dental implant: A comparative in vitro study
Authors: Molinero‐Mourelle Pedro , Roccuzzo Andrea , Yilmaz Burak , Lam Walter Yu Hang , Pow Edmond H. N. , Highsmith Jaime Del Río , Gómez‐Polo Miguel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the marginal and bacterial microleakage in zirconia and CAD‐CAM or cast Co‐Cr implant abutments.MethodsSixty‐four conical connection implants with their respective abutments were divided into four groups (Co‐Cr (milled, laser‐sintered, and cast) and Zirconia (milled)). All specimens were subjected to a chewing simulation and thermocycling. After aging process, specimens were submerged in a 0.2% methylene blue solution with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g) for 48 h. The marginal microleakage was measured using a 40× optical microscopy at the internal part of the implant, and when positive microleakage was observed, a DNA isolation with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was used. The microbiological assessment was based on colony forming units (CFUs).ResultsThirty (47%) implant‐abutments presented microleakage and the PCR was performed on those specimens (1 Zirconia, 1 Co‐Cr milled, 14 Co‐Cr laser‐sintered and 14 cast). Seven specimens (1 Co‐Cr laser‐sintered and six cast) presented values below the PCR detection limit (< 100 CFUs). The lowest CFUs count occurred in the Co‐Cr milled group (5.17E+02 CFUs/ml) followed by zirconia (7.70E+03 CFUs/ml). The Co‐Cr cast (9.39E+03 CFUs/ml) and laser‐sintered (2.4E+05 CFUs/ml) groups had higher bacterial count. The CFU count comparison performed between Co‐Cr cast and laser‐sintered resulted in a statistically significant differences in favor of Co‐CrCL (p < .05).ConclusionsThe abutment material and fabrication technique affected the implant‐abutment microleakage. Although the CAD‐CAM abutments presented favorable results, all tested groups presented microleakage.
Microscopic colitis in Northern Ireland: an updated clinicopathological audit and assessment of compliance with European guidelines
Authors: Moore Michelle , Coleman Helen G. , Allen Patrick B. , Loughrey Maurice B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimWe previously reported the first population‐based study of the epidemiology of microscopic colitis in Northern Ireland. The aim of the current study is to provide updated data on incidence, diagnostic methods and clinicopathological associations, following dissemination of the previous report. A further aim was to compare the findings against relevant recommendations from the 2020 European guidelines.MethodStudy cases were identified via the Belfast Health and Social Care Trust pathology laboratory system for new cases of collagenous colitis or lymphocytic colitis diagnosed from 2017 to 2020 inclusive. Demographic and clinical information was collated from electronic healthcare records.ResultsTwo hundred and seventeen new diagnoses of microscopic colitis were made between 2017 and 2020, comprising 89 (41%) collagenous colitis and 128 (59%) lymphocytic colitis. The overall incidence of microscopic colitis, expressed per 100,000 adult population, ranged from 7.6 to 11.5 (5.9 to 9.0 per 100,000 total population). The 2019 peak of 11.5 cases per 100,000 adult population represents a 71.6% increase in incidence compared with the mean incidence of 6.7 per 100,000 adult population from previous data for 2008–2016. There has also been a significant increase in number of cases diagnosed on separate sampling from the right and left colon (85% in 2019–2020 compared with 30% in 2008–2016; p < 0.001). Overall compliance with coeliac serology testing has improved, with 89% tested in 2017–2018 compared with 75% in 2008–2016.ConclusionClinicopathological communication has contributed to an increased incidence of microscopic colitis in Northern Ireland through better endoscopic diagnostic sampling and pathology coding practices. Coeliac serology testing has also improved, although continued clinical awareness is required of the need for coeliac serology testing in all patients diagnosed with microscopic colitis.
Epilepsy and proxy‐reported health‐related quality of life in children and young people with non‐ambulatory cerebral palsy
Authors: Ostendorf Adam P. , Axeen Erika T. , Eschbach Krista , Fedak Romanowski Erin , Morgan Lindsey A. , Gross Paul , Narayanan Unni G. , Glader Laurie , Noritz Garey ,   For the Cerebral Palsy Research Network
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the association between epilepsy characteristics and proxy‐reported health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and young people with non‐ambulatory cerebral palsy (CP) and seizures.MethodThis was a cross‐sectional study of 164 children and young people (74 females, 90 males; mean age 10 years 6 months, range 2–21 years, SD 5 years 5 months). Caregivers completed the Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD) in an outpatient setting. We utilized univariable linear regression and multivariable modeling to study relationships between variables and CPCHILD scores.ResultsGross Motor Function Classification System levels were 37% IV and 63% V. Sociodemographic factors included the Child Opportunity Index (median 51, interquartile range [IQR] 25–80). A median of 2 (IQR 1–3) antiseizure medications (ASMs) were used, and days with seizures ranged from 0 (30%) to 28 (20%) days in the previous 4 weeks. Total CPCHILD scores decreased 2.3 points for each ASM (95% confidence interval [CI] –4.1 to −0.42). Compared to persons with focal epilepsy, those with generalized epilepsy had lower total CPCHILD scores (−5.7; 95% CI –11 to −0.55). Number of days with seizures was not associated with total CPCHILD scores.InterpretationProxy‐reported HRQoL was affected by epilepsy‐specific features in children and young people with severe CP.What this paper adds

Health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) was lower with increasing numbers of antiseizure medications.
Overall quality of life (QoL) scores were lower by a similar amount, independent of seizure frequency.
HRQoL was lower in persons with recent hospital admissions for epilepsy.
Effet utile and the (re)organisation of national judiciaries: A not so unique institutional response to a uniquely important challenge?
Authors: O'Neill Ruairi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe current repurposing of the principle of effet utile of European Union law can be found in the revolutionary steps taken by the Court of Justice in its application of Article 19 TEU. The implicit goal of this recent body of case‐law is to equip national judges with the tools to resist domestic judicial reforms that affect their freedom to adjudicate independently. Considering Simmenthal to Unibet, Associação Sindical dos Juízes Portugueses to the latest case‐law relating to the organisation of national judiciaries, this article contends that, while the case‐law on judicial independence is unprecedented, the Court of Justice has gone to great lengths to ensure that the developments in EU law precipitated by its rulings are grounded in established doctrine. They follow a line of case‐law that builds on the principle of primacy of EU law and the obligation to guarantee the effectiveness of EU law in the domestic legal order. Further, the current trajectory is for Article 19 TEU to form the operational basis of review of any judicially minded reforms, whether they be organisational (Article 19 TEU, together with Article 47 CFREU), limit actually or potentially the freedom for dialogue between national courts and the Court of Justice (Article 19 TEU together with Article 267 TFEU and Article 47 CFREU) or where they reduce the protection of the value of the rule of law (Article 19 TEU, Article 2 TEU, Article 49 TEU and Article 47 CFREU), with potential implications for the effective application in EU law of the principle of mutual trust.
Transcriptomics for child and adolescent tuberculosis*
Authors: Kaforou Myrsini , Broderick Claire , Vito Ortensia , Levin Michael , Scriba Thomas J. , Seddon James A. 
Published: July 2022

SummaryTuberculosis (TB) in humans is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). It is estimated that 70 million children (<15 years) are currently infected with Mtb, with 1.2 million each year progressing to disease. Of these, a quarter die. The risk of progression from Mtb infection to disease and from disease to death is dependent on multiple pathogen and host factors. Age is a central component in all these transitions. The natural history of TB in children and adolescents is different to adults, leading to unique challenges in the development of diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. The quantification of RNA transcripts in specific cells or in the peripheral blood, using high‐throughput methods, such as microarray analysis or RNA‐Sequencing, can shed light into the host immune response to Mtb during infection and disease, as well as understanding treatment response, disease severity, and vaccination, in a global hypothesis‐free manner. Additionally, gene expression profiling can be used for biomarker discovery, to diagnose disease, predict future disease progression and to monitor response to treatment. Here, we review the role of transcriptomics in children and adolescents, focused mainly on work done in blood, to understand disease biology, and to discriminate disease states to assist clinical decision‐making. In recent years, studies with a specific pediatric and adolescent focus have identified blood gene expression markers with diagnostic or prognostic potential that meet or exceed the current sensitivity and specificity targets for diagnostic tools. Diagnostic and prognostic gene expression signatures identified through high‐throughput methods are currently being translated into diagnostic tests.
Antistaphylococcal and antioxidant activities of bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria and essential oil in goat coalho cheese
Authors: Almeida Tássio José de Oliveira , de Oliveira Anay Priscilla David , Santos Tamires Marques Bezerra , Dias Francesca Silva 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
Bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates and Croton heliotropiifolius essential oil (EO) were used to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus and enhance the antioxidant action in goat coalho cheese (GCC).

Methods and Results
Lactic acid bacteria isolates were selected for their inhibitory capacity against S. aureus subsp. aureus, safety, existence of bacteriocin-encoding genes, bacteriocinogenic activity, and its antistaphylococcal action. The staphylococcal inhibition capacity of C. heliotropiifolius EO was also verified. Three cheeses were prepared containing S. aureus subsp. aureus (GCC SA), S. aureus subsp. aureus + LAB (GCC SA + LAB), and S. aureus subsp. aureus + EO (GCC SA + EO). Samples were analysed on days 0, 7, 14 and 21. Based on the screening, three LAB isolates were selected and identified as Enterococcus faecium. In GCC, the smallest population of S. aureus subsp. aureus was found until the 17th in the GCC SA + EO and from the 18th in the GCC SA + LAB. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity increased over time in GCCs.

Conclusions
Autochthonous bacteriocinogenic LAB and C. heliotropiifolius EO are natural resources of the Caatinga, an exclusively Brazilian biome that predominates in the northeast of the country, with the potential to reduce the presence of S. aureus and increase the antioxidant activity in the GCC.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Goat coalho cheese is a product of cultural importance in northeastern Brazil. The process of obtaining the GCC is manual, and there is a high frequency of S. aureus in the product. Resources of the Caatinga with biofunctional properties can be tested to reduce the risk of staphylococcal toxins, and contribute to the nutritional value of the GCC, maintaining regional characteristics and respecting the local cultural tradition. LAB and C. heliotropiifolius EO contribute to the incorporation of bioactive substances and microbiological quality, generating a value-added GCC with exclusive resources of the Caatinga.
Microbiome composition of the marine sponge Cliona varians at the neotropical southern Caribbean Sea displays a predominant core of Rhizobiales and Nitrosopumilaceae
Authors: Sánchez-Suárez Jeysson , Díaz Luis , Junca Howard , Garcia-Bonilla Erika , Villamil Luisa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsThis work aims to characterize the microbial diversity of the encrusting sponge Cliona varians, a pore-forming and coral reef bioeroding marine sponge of emerging spread related to ocean acidification.Methods and resultsWe analysed the microbiome composition by 16S V4 amplicon next-generation sequencing in a community of the bioeroding coral reef encrusting/excavating marine sponge Cliona varians thriving at the Southern Caribbean Sea. About 87.21% and 6.76% of the sequences retrieved were assigned to the domain Bacteria and Archaea. The most predominant operational taxonomic units were classified as members of the order Rhizobiales and family Nitrosopumilaceae, representing members of not yet characterized genera. Features found strictly conserved in the strain/genomic representatives reported in those microbial taxa are nitrogen fixation and transformation.ConclusionOur results suggest, in accordance with recent results, that these microbiome members and associated functions could be contributing to the biological fitness of the sponge to be able to colonize and bioerode in environments with low access and scarce availability of nitrogen sources.Significance and Impact of StudyCoral reefs bioresources such as sponge holobionts are intriguing and complex ecosystem units. This study contributes to the knowledge of how C. varians microbiota is composed or shaped, which is crucial to understand its ecological functions.
Editorial to Part I “Revisioning, Rethinking, Restructuring Gender at Work: Quo Vadis Gender Stereotypes?”
Authors: Hernandez Bark Alina S. , Junker Nina M. , Kark Ronit , Morgenroth Thekla , Peus Claudia , van Dick Rolf 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe papers in this Special Issue Part I “Revisioning, Rethinking, Restructuring Gender at Work: Quo Vadis Gender Stereotypes?” focus on the current state of gender inequality, particularly stereotypes. We present studies showing that differences in gender stereotypes still exist, confirm disadvantages for women in male‐dominated roles and sectors and when the employment sector is not specified, but also disadvantages for men in female‐dominated roles and sectors. In contrast to this general trend, one paper in Part II of this Special Issue found a preference for women over men as job candidates in their study. Incongruence emerged as a striking common theme to explain these gender differences, whereby some studies focused on the perceived incongruence from the actor's perspective and how external factors contribute to these perceptions, whereas others looked at the perceived incongruence from the observer's perspective. We summarize the papers and briefly discuss the key points of Part I at the end of this editorial.
Cross‐linked hyaluronic acid gel with or without a collagen matrix in the treatment of class III furcation defects: A histologic and histomorphometric study in dogs
Authors: Shirakata Yoshinori , Imafuji Takatomo , Nakamura Toshiaki , Shinohara Yukiya , Iwata Masayuki , Setoguchi Fumiaki , Noguchi Kazuyuki , Sculean Anton 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimTo histologically evaluate the effects of cross‐linked hyaluronic acid (xHyA) with or without a collagen matrix (CM) on periodontal wound healing/regeneration in class III furcation defects in dogs.Materials and MethodsClass III furcation defects were surgically created in the mandibular premolars in six beagle dogs. The defects were randomly treated as follows: open flap debridement (OFD) + CM (CM), OFD + xHyA (xHyA), OFD + xHyA + CM (xHyA/CM) and OFD alone (OFD). At 10 weeks, the animals were euthanized for histological evaluation.ResultsThe newly formed bone areas in the xHyA (4.04 ± 1.51 mm2) and xHyA/CM (4.32 ± 1.14 mm2) groups were larger than those in the OFD (3.25 ± 0.81 mm2) and CM (3.31 ± 2.26 mm2) groups. The xHyA (6.25 ± 1.45 mm) and xHyA/CM (6.40 ± 1.35 mm) groups yielded statistically significantly (p < .05) greater formation of new connective tissue attachment (i.e., new cementum, with inserting connective tissue fibres) compared with the OFD (1.47 ± 0.85 mm) group. No significant differences were observed in any of the histomorphometric parameters between the xHyA and xHyA/CM groups. Complete furcation closure was not observed in any of the four treatment modalities.ConclusionsWithin their limits, the present results suggest that the use of xHyA with or without CM positively influences periodontal wound healing in surgically created, acute‐type class III furcation defects.
Abdominal aortic calcification is associated with Fibrosis‐4 index and low body mass index in type 2 diabetes patients: A retrospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Togashi Yu , Miyashita Daisuke , Tsuno Takahiro , Inoue Ryota , Okuyama Tomoko , Kyohara Mayu , Nishiyama Kuniyuki , Arai Masanori , Kanematsu Kenta , Kanataki Soichiro , Terauchi Yasuo , Shirakawa Jun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAims/IntroductionThis study aimed to clarify the nature of the relationship between the abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) grade and the presence of cardiovascular diseases, and determine factors related to AAC grade in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective cross‐sectional study enrolled 264 inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The AAC score and length were measured using the lateral abdominal radiographs. Logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between AAC scores/lengths and the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebral infarction (CI) and peripheral artery disease (PAD). The correlation between AAC scores/lengths and other clinical factors were evaluated using linear regression models.ResultsThe AAC score was significantly correlated with prevalent CAD and CI independent of age and smoking, but not with the prevalence of PAD. AAC length was not significantly correlated with the presence of CAD, CI or PAD; however, the sample size was insufficient to conclude, probably due to low prevalence. Both the AAC score and length were correlated inversely with body mass index (BMI) and, with the Fibrosis‐4 (Fib‐4) index >2.67; these correlations were significant after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and BMI, although AAC was not associated with ultrasonography‐diagnosed fatty liver. There was a significant interaction between BMI and Fib‐4 index; lower BMI and Fib‐4 index >2.67 showed a synergistic association with high AAC grade.ConclusionsAAC score is associated with CAD and CI morbidity in participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Low BMI and Fib‐4 index >2.67 can be valuable indicators of AAC in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
β cell replacement therapy for the cure of diabetes
Authors: Lee Joonyub , Yoon Kun‐Ho 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTIslet transplantation is an important option in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. However, a donor shortage and immunosuppressant‐related complications are the current major hurdles of islet transplantation. In this review, we discuss recent updates on islet transplantation to overcome these current obstacles and we share our perspectives on future β cell replacement therapy.
‘Medical Corona Science’: Philosophical and systemic issues: Re‐thinking medicine? On the epistemology of Corona medicine
Authors: Tretter Felix , Marcum James 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRationale, Aims, and ObjectivesThe disciplinary profile and the quality of production of knowledge on Corona pandemic is studied. This scientific field is called ‘Medical Corona Science’.MethodsCriteria of analytical philosophy of science and science studies are systematically applied.ResultsIt is shown that mainly auxiliary medical disciplines such as virology and epidemiology but not clinical disciplines provide Corona knowledge. We see a laboratory‐centered, technology‐ and data‐driven science, largely ignoring clinical issues. Therefore we call these approaches “Medical Corona Science” (MCS). We see the need to adapt to features of a ‘post‐normal science’, a ‘mode 2 science’ and of ‘Integration and Implementation Science’, especially as clinical knowledge must be integrated. There is also a severe lack of theoretical considerations that could help to frame the pandemic as a complex dynamic system.ConclusionsWe suggest a deeper meta‐scientific discussion of the epistemic value of MCS and propose the application of tools from systems science.
Comparison of the effects of psoriasis and vitiligo on retina pigment epithelium thickness
Authors: Toptan Müslüm , Aksoy Mustafa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to compare retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) thickness in patients with psoriasis and vitiligo.Materials and MethodsThe right eyes of 67 psoriasis and 65 vitiligo patients and 71 healthy individuals were included in the study. The RPE thicknesses were analyzed with the spectral domain‐optical coherence tomography after routine ophthalmological examinations (SD‐OCT).ResultsNo statistically significant differences were detected when psoriasis and vitiligo patients were compared in terms of RPE levels (p = 0.033). When compared with the Control Group, no significant differences were found with psoriasis patients, but a significant difference was detected with vitiligo patients (p = 0.515, p = 0.001, respectively).ConclusionAlthough no changes were detected in RPE in psoriasis, the decreased RPE thickness in vitiligo may be an indicator of the effect of melanin loss on the posterior segment of the eye in vitiligo. For this reason, measurement of RPE thickness with OCT can help in detecting the damage in vitiligo patients.