bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zinc Finger Protein-Activating Transcription Factor stimulates the angiogenesis and maturity of the neovessels in the Mouse With Hindlimb ischemia and Rat mesenteric Assay
Authors: Lian Lishan , Chen Zuoguan , Diao Yongpeng , Li Yongjun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: The effect of Zinc Finger Protein-Activating Transcription Factor ( ZFP-ATF) stimulating the angiogenesis and maturity of neovascularization with the overexpression of the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF )were investigated in a mouse ischemia hindlimb model and rat mesenteric assay；Methods: After the synthesis of ZFP-ATP, the ischemic hindlimb mice were successfully constructed. ZFP-ATF, VEGF165 and saline control were injected into the ischemic muscles, respectively. After 14 days, the number of mice with different ischemic degree was counted, moreover,the ischemic gastrocnemius and soleus muscle were harvested for the immunohistochemical staining and VEGF protein analysis.Besides, in the rat mesenteric assay, ZFP-ATF, VEGF165 and saline control were injected into mesenteric adipose tissues, respectively. After 14 days, the number of neovessels in different groups was calculated. Meanwhile, mesenteric immunofluorescence staining was performed to evaluate the pericyte coverage.Results: In the mouse with the ischemic hindlimb, the expression of VEGF protein in the ZFP-ATF group was significantly higher,at the same time, the number of neovessels in the ZFP-ATF evaluated by CD31 staining was significantly increased than that in the VEGF165 and blank control group. Besides, in the rat mesenteric assay, the number of neovessels in the ZFP-ATF group was dramatically increased compared with VEGF165 and blank group. In mesenteric immunofluorescence staining, the ZFP-ATF group had a more complete and successive pericytes coverage. Conclusion: ZFP-ATF stimulating the endogenous physiological angiogenesis can promote the more mature neovascularization with the complete pericyte coverage.
The role of postoperative radiotherapy in patients with vulvar squamous carcinoma: findings based on the SEER database
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Tao , Sun Jing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The role of postoperative radiotherapy in treating squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva remains controversial. This study evaluated the effect of radiotherapy on the survival of patients with postoperative squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva.Methods： Clinical and prognostic information on patients diagnosed with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma from 2010 to 2015 was collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Prognosis (SEER) database. A propensity score matching (PSM) approach was used to balance the differences in clinicopathological characteristics between groups. The impact of postoperative radiotherapy on overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) was assessed.Results： The study included 3629 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva, of whom 767 (21.1%) underwent postoperative radiotherapy. After propensity score matching, multivariate analysis showed that Age, M stage, tumor size, and lymph node surgery were independent prognostic factors affecting patient survival. Postoperative radiotherapy improved patients' overall survival and disease-specific survival. Further subgroup survival analysis showed that overall survival was significantly improved among patients who received radiotherapy in patients with Grade III, IV, AJCC stage III, N1, lymph node metastasis, large tumor diameter, and those who received chemotherapy.Conclusion: Postoperative radiotherapy may provide a survival benefit for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva, especially for AJCC stage III, lymph node metastases, large tumor diameter, and those receiving postoperative chemotherapy.
Analysis of α-isopropylmalate synthase variant and its effect on L-leucine synthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Guo Yan-Feng , Lu Yu , Song Lei , Liu Jinghua , Wang Yi-Lei , Wang Chuan-Bao , Meng Guo-Qing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: L-Leucine is an essential amino acid for humans since it is only synthesized in fungi, bacteria, and plants. Its production has not been well documented as L-lysine and L-glutamic acid due to multivalent regulation and longer synthesis pathways. In Corynebacterium glutamicum, L-leucine synthesis is strongly regulated at α-isopropylmalate synthase (α-IMPS) node by the end product. Amino acid substitutions of the α-IMPS variant from strain ARTP-L04 were analyzed, and the α-IMPS variant was further characterized. To enhance the L-leucine production, the effect of α-IMPS variant was also evaluated.Methods: In the present study, construction of plasmid and recombination strain, protein expression and purification, enzymatic properties, fermentation, and amino acid analysis were performed.Results: Compared with leuA from wild-type strain ATCC 13032, 10 nucleotide exchanges were identified in the α-IMPS variant, leading to amino acid exchanges of Gly92Asp, Ile162Val, Gln494Arg, and Gly526Asp. Furthermore, the α-IMPS variant was expressed and characterized. It was found that the α-IPMS variant exhibited higher resistance to feedback inhibition by L-leucine. In the presence of 20 mM L-leucine, over 50% of α-IPMS variant activity was still observed. However, there was no significant difference in specific activity between the α-IPMS variant and wild-type α-IPMS. Therefore, the α-IPMS variant almost removed inhibition by L-leucine. Interestingly, co-expression of α-IPMS and AHAS both from strain ARTP-L04 could significantly enhance L-leucine production, accumulating 7.79 g/L L-leucine.Conclusions: Mutation that occurred in the α-IPMS variant played an important role in feedback resistance, almost removing feedback inhibition by L-leucine. In C. glutamicum, the expression of the α-IPMS variant could significantly enhance L-leucine production, especially when it was co-expressed with AHAS. Collectively, our findings provided valuable insights into further development in gene engineering.
Cyber-physical systems destruction methodic for improving the strategic security of smart cities
Authors: Fomin Nikolai A. , Meshcheryakov Roman V. , Iskhakov Andrey Y. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, a methodology for disabling a multi-sensor cyber-physical system (CPS) is considered. By disabling the cyber-physical system is meant to simulate deliberate interference in the functioning of the system, checking the Lyapunov stability and determining a set of measures to improve the functioning. The M2 methodology is based on the system deactivation and determination of cyber-physical water supply systems (CPWSS) stability. The purpose of the methodology is to generate a list of requirements for the CPS. These requirements are the feedback loop of the cyber-physical system model. It is possible to improve the security level of the CPS operation of smart cities. In the example of the created methodology of CPS deactivation it was possible to evaluate CPWSS to carry out simulation of deactivation and to form the list of requirements to water supply systems for modern smart cities. Research is based on the methodologies of security and functioning of modern CPS and knowledge of the problems of water resources control.
Novel Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) assay for in vivo visualization of the protein-protein interactions and cellular protein complex localizations
Authors: Shi Zhonggang , Gao Xing , Zhang Wenrui , Chen Binghong , Wang Mengying , Liao Keman , Wang Zhihan , Ren Li , Qiu Yongming , lin yingying 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The study of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is critical for understanding cellular processes within biological systems. The bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay provides a convenient approach for visualization of protein-protein interactions in living cells. A series of fluorescence proteins have been introduced into BiFC system, though new fluorescent proteins need to be brought in this assay. Here, we applied TagBFP2 into BiFC for the first time to verify the interaction between two proteins, and EYFP was set as a positive control. Both fluorescent proteins performed well in our study. Compared to EYFP, the BiFC system based on TagBFP2 showed a higher signal-to-noise ratio, which helps us distinguish the signal of PPIs from noise. With the joining of TagBFP2, we have another color option when we conduct BiFC assay. Especially, the green or yellow channel was occupied by a fluorescent secondary antibody in immunofluorescence application, or an interest protein tagged with a fluorescent protein. BiFC assay presented here is quite easy-to-follow, reliable, and reproducible, which can be completed within 1 week without using costly instruments and technologies that demand a high skill set.
TaPYL4, an ABA receptor gene of wheat, positively regulates plant drought adaptation through modulating the osmotic stress-associated processes
Authors: Zhang Yanyang , Zhao Yingjia , Li Tianjiao , Ni Chenyang , Han Le , Du Pingping , Xiao Kai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Abscisic acid receptors (ABR) involve transduction of the ABA signaling in plants, impacting largely on stress-defensive physiological processes and plant osmotic stress response. In this study, we characterized TaPYL4, a gene of ABR family in T. aestivum, in mediating plant drought tolerance given scarcity of functional characterization on wheat ABR members thus far. Results: TaPYL4 harbors nine conserved domains shared by its PYL counterparts, targeting onto plasma membrane and nucleus after endoplasmic reticulum assortment. TaPYL4 interacts with TaPP2C2 whereas the latter with TaSnRK2.1, which establish a core module of the ABA signaling pathway. TaPYL4 expression was upregulated in root and aerial tissues upon drought stress. Overexpressing TaPYL4 conferred plants improved growth traits whereas knockdown expression of target gene alleviated growth feature compared with wild type under drought treatment. The TaPYL4-enhanced drought adaptation associates gene function in positively regulating stomata movement, osmolyte biosynthesis, and root system architecture (RSA) establishment. Transgene analysis on the P5CS family genes involving proline biosynthesis indicated that TaP5CS1 exerts critical roles in promoting osmolytes accumulation in drought-challenged TaPYL4 lines. TaPIN9, a PIN-FORMED gene modulating cellular auxin translocation, was validated to function as a crucial mediator in defining RSA establishment underlying TaPYL4 regulation. Transcriptome analysis revealed that TaPYL4 controls transcription of numerous genes, which impact on physiological processes associated with ‘biological process’, ‘molecular component’, and ‘cellular process’. Moreover, the differentially expressed genes mediated by TaPYL4 were closely related to jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathwaysConclusions: Our investigation suggested that TaPYL4 acts as a positive regulator in plant drought tolerance and a valuable target for engineering drought-tolerant cultivars in T. aestivum.
A square-grid sampling support to reconcile systematicity and adaptivity in the periodic spatial survey of natural resources
Authors: Bouriaud Olivier , Morneau François , Bontemps Jean-Daniel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Spatially balanced sampling is the most efficient design for surveying continuous or spatial populations across space. The spatial sampling of large-scale surveys is mostly based on grids, whose properties drive, and potentially limit, the possibilities of building flexible samples. Conciliating spatial balance and flexibility remains difficult. In particular, periodicity causes high constraints to the sampling particularly when an increase in the frequency of the information delivery is sought. Sampling stratification of adaptive sampling intensity also conflicts the grid-based approach.We show that square grids have geometric homothetic properties that enable to answer these needs by supporting nested hierarchical subgrid sets. These properties can be exploited to cope with both spatial flexibility in the sampling effort and spatio-temporal coordination of samples. Whereas some surveys seemingly do exploit these properties practically across the world, no formal development has been made available in the survey sampling literature across fields of applications.Here we therefore define and demonstrate these properties, and show how they can be used to produce nested hierarchical grids compatible with multiple periodicity values of interest to natural monitoring, and with adapting sampling intensity across space and time. We also provide an original extension of this framework, intended to tune the sampling effort gradually while preserving spatial systematicity. We use the French National Forest Inventory survey to illustrate these properties and their use in a large-scale repeated inventory. We show the flexibility and diversity of sampling schemes that can be initiated with square grids and the limits of their use.
NRF2/ARE-mediated antioxidant response to glaucoma: Role of astrocytes and retinal ganglion cells
Authors: Naguib Sarah , Backstrom Jon R , Artis Elisabeth , Ghose Purnima , Haider Ameer , Ang John , Calkins David J , Rex Tonia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Glaucoma, the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is associated with age and sensitivity to intraocular pressure (IOP). We use an inducible mouse model, in which we detect increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In response, the retina elicits an endogenous antioxidant response mediated by Nuclear factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor that binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE). Blocking this pathway results in earlier and greater glaucoma pathology. In this study, we sought to determine if this endogenous antioxidant response occurs within the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) or astrocytes, and if overexpression of NRF2 in RGCs is neuroprotective. Methods: We used Nrf2 fl/fl mice and cell-type specific adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) expressing Cre, we altered Nrf2 levels in either the RGCs or astrocytes. Then, we quantified the endogenous antioxidant response, visual function and histology after IOP elevation. Results: Knockdown of Nrf2 in either cell type reduced the endogenous antioxidant response, accelerated and exacerbated visual function deficits and increased axon degeneration in the optic nerve. Overexpression of Nrf2 in the RGCs resulted in lower superoxide levels, preservation of the photopic negative response (PhNR) amplitude, and decreased axon degeneration after IOP elevation. Conclusions: Together, these data suggest that the endogenous Nrf2/ARE-mediated antioxidant response is either driven by both cell types and/or there is extensive ROS-mediated communication between these cell-types in glaucoma. Regardless, RGC-directed Nrf2 overexpression is a viable therapeutic approach for the treatment of glaucoma.
Trends and determinants of diarrhea among under-five children in Gambia, evidence from 2013 – 2019/20 Gambian demographic and health survey; multilevel binary logistic regression and multivariate decomposition analysis
Authors: Agmas Yitateku Adugna , Asmare Abebew Aklog 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Diarrhea is the opening of three and more movable or liquid stools per day, or more frequently than is common for the individual. It is usually an indicator of gastrointestinal infection which can be caused by a variety of bacterial, viral, and parasitic organisms.
Objective
This study aimed to analyze the trend and determinants of diarrhea prevalence among under-five children within the Gambia for the last five years (2013–2019/20).
Methods
A total of 6,705 in 2013, and 5,780 in 2019/20 under-five aged children were involved in this study. Multivariate decomposition and multilevel analysis based on a binary logistic regression analysis approach were performed.
Results
74.57% of the change in diarrhea prevalence over time was attributable to differences in behavior. Unimproved water source (AOR = 1.4061; 95% CI: 1.0415–1.8982), Wollof ethnicity (AOR = 1.5442; 95% CI: 1.2196–1.9551), not vaccinated for rotavirus (AOR = 3.1476; 95% CI: 2.1486–4.6110) and for measles (AOR = 1.5128; 95% CI: 1.2384–1.8479), average birth size (AOR = 0.8038; 95% CI: 0.6555–0.9855), child age less than one year (AOR = 0.6160; 95% CI: 0.4710–0.8057).
Conclusion
The prevalence of diarrhea was significantly increased over the last five years and the decline was due to differences in behavior between the surveys. Source of drinking water, ethnicity, birth size, age of children, rotavirus, and measles vaccine were significantly associated with diarrhea among under-five children in the Gambia. Therefore, the Gambian régime should attention to the creation and topping up of behavioral change packages of the public regarding the protection of hygiene and sanitation of the community and their environment, vaccinating of their children to prevent diarrheal disease.
Classifying and mapping cultural ecosystem service using artificial intelligence and social media data
Authors: Mouttaki Ikram , Bagdanavičiūtė Ingrida , Maanan Mohamed , Erraiss Mohammed , Rhinane Hassan , Maanan Mehdi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
For managers of coastal areas, data and statistics on the usage and appreciation of nature are important. Utilization of social media platforms, such as the photo-sharing website Flickr, is a potential trend. We propose a unique strategy based on machine learning (image analysis) and convolutional neural network (CNN) for assessing cultural ecosystem services (CES) by collecting, and interpreting 29,000 photographs from the Lithuanian costal area. The most often represented CES categories were landscape appreciation and social recreation, which reflects the evident benefits. Similarly, historical monuments and environmental enjoyment were well represented. Engagements with CES followed distinct geographical and temporal patterns that were related to user behavior and reflected the infrastructure features of various places along the Lithuanian coast. Due to the data's extensive spatial coverage and high spatio-temporal resolution, this technique is suitable for finding CES hotspots/cold spots and, despite limits, holds promising potential for monitoring the impact of management actions on CES provision. Our study demonstrates how analyzing large amounts of digital photographs expands the analytical toolbox available to researchers and allows the quantification and mapping of CES at large geographical scales.
Clinicopathological features of patients with wide local excision of eyelid malignant neoplasms: a more than five years retrospective study from China
Authors: Han Yuanyuan , Kong Miao , Luo Yan , Sun Bin , Wang Zhiqiang , Zhang Hong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the correlation between the clinical and pathological characteristics and outcomes in patients with eyelid malignant tumors underwent wide local excision.Methods: This retrospective study included 141 cases of eyelid malignant neoplasms from January 2010 to December 2015 in Shanxi eye hospital. Demographic and clinical information were collected. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival curves, and the log-rank test method was used to compare survival between groups. Cox proportional regression models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) of total recurrence rate and metastasis rate.Results: Overall, there were 141 eyelid malignant neoplasms cases aged 65.00 ± 9.69 (range, 41 - 88) years old. The duration time range was from 1 to 828 (61.09 ± 122.21) months. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common of all eyelid malignancies, accounting for 84 (59.5%), followed by Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC, 41, 29%), Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC, 11, 7.8%), Malignant Melanoma (MM, 3, 2.1%)。On cox-regression analysis, pathological classification (HR 1.959; 95% CI 1.012-3.790; p=0.046) and eyelid tumor surgery history (HR 17.168; 95% CI 1.889-156.011; p=0.012) were independently associated with recurrence in patients with eyelid malignant neoplasm. Pathological classification (HR 2.177; 95% CI 1.423 -3.331; p<0.001) was independently associated with metastasis in patients with eyelid malignant neoplasm. Recurrence and metastasis were most likely to occur in 3 years after surgery. Conclusion: Wide local excision is an effective and economical treatment for eyelid malignant neoplasms. The prognosis is mainly related to pathological types, eyelid tumor surgical history and TNM stages.
LARP6 induces sphingolipid metabolism imbalance to suppress colorectal cancer metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation
Authors: Zhou Jun , Long Xiaoli , Liu Xunhua , Chen Jianxiong , Lan Jiawen , Zhang Sijing , Zhou Miao , Guo Dan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key drivers for post-transcriptional mechanisms of cancer progression. In this study, we found that LARP6 expression is downregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) and correlates with patients' overall survival and relapse-free survival. Altered LARP6 expression influenced invasion and metastasis ability of CRC cells. Mechanistically, by post-transcriptional regulation on ZNF267 expression, LARP6 inhibits SGMS2-mediated sphingomyelin synthesis, resulting in sphingolipid homeostasis imbalance. Meanwhile, we also found that LARP6 enhances autophagy activity of CRC cells, and more interestingly, this enhancement is at least partially dependent on inhibition of SGMS2-mediated sphingomyelin synthesis. In conclusion, our study elucidates a novel mechanism by which LARP6/ZNF267/SGMS2 axis suppresses CRC metastasis, and provides a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
C-reactive protein, Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, Platelet/lymphocyte ratio, Monocyte/lymphocyte ratio among adolescents with anorexia nervosa: A preliminary study
Authors: zhang Renyun , Liang Xinhao , Wang Bo , Ma Haibo , yang limin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory cytokines are involved in the pathophysiological process of various mental disorders.CRP,Neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR),monocyte/lymphocyte (MLR),platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) are commonly used and readily available inflammatory markers in clinic，However, their results in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) are few and inconsistent. Methods: We did an exploratory analysis, including (1) comparison of plasma CRP concentration and NLR, PLR, and MLR values in 53 AN patients and 55 healthy controls, and (2) correlation of age,body mass index (BMI),and disease course with CRP concentration and NLR,PLR,and MLR values (after logarithmic transformation).To explore the relationship between malnutrition and inflammatory indicators. Results: The plasma levels of CRP and MLR in AN Patients were significantly lower than those in the normal control group, while NLR and PLR were significantly increased. In all researchers. CRP and MLR were positively correlated with BMI, while NLR and PLR were negatively correlated with BMI. However, such correlation was only correlated with CRP in AN patient, positively correlated with age and BMI, and negatively correlated with the course of disease. Conclusions: The CRP level was negatively correlated with the course of disease in AN patient. The course of disease was independent risk factor for CRP level in AN patients.