bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ocular and Nonocular Adverse Events during 3 Years of Soft Contact Lens Wear in Children
Authors: Gaume Giannoni Amber , Robich Matt , Berntsen David A. , Jones-Jordan Lisa A. , Mutti Donald O. , Myers Jill , Shaw Kimberly , Walker Maria K. , Walline Jeffrey J. 
Published: April 2022

SIGNIFICANCE
Children are being fitted at younger ages with soft contact lenses for myopia control. This 3-year investigation of adverse events related to contact lens wear in 7- to 11-year-old participants helps optometrists understand what to expect when fitting children with soft contact lenses.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this article is to report the frequency and type of ocular and nonocular adverse events related to soft contact lens wear in children.

METHODS
Seven- to 11-year-old children wore soft contact lenses for 3 years. Adverse events were defined by a slit-lamp examination finding of grade 3 or worse; parental report of a clinically meaningful change (determined by the examiner) in eyes, vision, or health; or a clinically meaningful response (determined by examiner) to a symptom checklist. Adverse events were categorized and reported by examiners and finalized by the Executive Committee. The presence or absence of an infiltrate and a list of diagnoses was determined at the conclusion of the study.

RESULTS
The 294 participants wore their contact lenses 73.0 ± 26.5 hours per week, and 220 (74.8%) encountered at least 1 adverse event. Of the 432 adverse events, 75.2% were ocular, and 24.8% were nonocular. Contact lens wear was probably or definitely related to 60.6% of the ocular and 2.8% of the nonocular adverse events. None of the ocular adverse events were serious or severe or caused permanent contact lens discontinuation. The corneal infiltrate incidence was 185 cases per 10,000 patient-years of wear (95% confidence interval, 110 to 294). The incidence of moderate ocular adverse events that were definitely or probably related to contact lens wear was 405 cases per 10,000 patient-years of wear (95% confidence interval, 286 to 557).

CONCLUSIONS
The adverse events experienced by 7- to 11–year-old myopic children rarely required meaningful treatment and never led to permanent discontinuation of contact lens wear or loss of best-corrected vision.
Virtual Neurocognitive Testing in Craniofacial Surgery
Authors: Wu Robin T. , Park Kitae E. , Chandler Ludmila , Ahmad Maham , Allam Omar , Timberlake Andrew T. , Persing John A. , Alperovich Michael 
Published: April 2022

Summary:
Digital communication platforms have had an impact on plastic surgery research. Although neurocognitive testing is an important tool for understanding the long-term developmental outcomes of congenital craniofacial conditions, testing has been geographically limited because of its interactive nature. Virtual neurocognitive testing is a facsimile version of in-person testing that allows researchers to overcome this limitation with high fidelity. Ten school-age subjects completed a neurocognitive assessment battery measuring intelligence quotient, academic achievement, and visuomotor skills at an average age of 7.8 ± 1.4 years. The subjects then retook the same battery through an identical virtual testing method approximately 1 year after the initial test. There were no significant differences in verbal intelligence quotient (p = 0.878), performance intelligence quotient (p = 0.813), and full-scale intelligence quotient (p = 0.982) scores obtained through in-person and virtual tests. There were no significant differences between academic achievement letter and word recognition (p = 0.999), math computation (p = 0.619), reading comprehension (p = 0.963), and spelling (p = 0.344) scores. There were no significant differences in visuomotor integration (p = 0.158), visual perception (p = 0.798), and motor coordination (p = 0.796) scores obtained through the two methods. The median at-home time to set up study equipment for the virtual testing was 5.0 minutes (interquartile range, 2.3 minutes). Seventy percent of participants reported that they preferred participating in research from home. All participants stated that the virtual research study was an overall positive experience. Virtual neurocognitive testing is an effective method of performing high-fidelity neurocognitive assessments while overcoming geographic barriers.
Altered Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation in Young Women With Borderline Personality Disorder: An Echocardiographic Study
Authors: Engemann Luisa , Aweimer Assem , Ewers Aydan , Afshari Faegheh , Maiß Clara , Kern Katharina , Lücke Thomas , Mügge Andreas , Brüne Martin 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by intense mood swings, impulsivity, self-injurious behavior, poor anger control, fear of abandonment, and unstable interpersonal relationships. BPD is also associated with a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease, whereby the underlying mechanisms are insufficiently understood. Accordingly, the present study set out to examine whether individuals with BPD would show abnormal myocardial deformation and to explore the role of potential risk factors, including maladaptive stress responsivity, childhood trauma, and current stress exposure.

Methods
Fifty female patients diagnosed with BPD and 50 controls matched for sex and age underwent echocardiography to determine the global longitudinal strain (GLS) of the left ventricle. In addition, childhood trauma, chronic stress, and “allostatic load” were determined, as well as borderline symptom severity and common risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Results
Aside from a significantly greater GLS in BPD patients, a multivariable regression analysis revealed that allostatic load (β = 0.225, p = .048) was significantly associated with GLS, with childhood trauma (β = 0.279, p = .062) approaching significance. Conversely, smoking (p = .867), chronic stress (p = .193), and borderline symptom severity (p = .342) were not associated with GLS, even though bivariate correlations were significant.

Conclusions
Somatically healthy women with BPD display subtle signs of increased GLS, which is associated with allostatic load as an indicator of the “wear-and-tear” of the body. The association between childhood trauma with GLS was of similar strength but did not reach the threshold for statistical significance. This finding may support the need for primary prevention of somatic consequences of maladaptive stress responsivity in psychiatric patients.
Categorizing Comorbid Risk for People Living With HIV: A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Olivieri-Mui Brianne , Shi Sandra , McCarthy Ellen P. , Montano Monty , Wilson Ira , Oh Gahee , Manjourides Justin , Kim Dae Hyun 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Categorizing clinical risk amidst heterogeneous multimorbidity in older people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) may help prioritize and optimize health care engagements.

Methods:
PLWH and their prevalent conditions in 8 health domains diagnosed before January 1, 2015 were identified using 2014–2016 Medicare claims and the Chronic Conditions Data Warehouse. Latent profile analysis identified 4 distinct clinical subgroups based on the likelihood of conditions occurring together [G1: healthy, G2: substance use (SU), G3: pulmonary (PULM), G4: cardiovascular conditions (CV)]. Restricted mean survival time regression estimated the association of each subgroup with the 365 day mean event-free days until death, first hospitalization, and nursing home admission. Zero-inflated Poisson regression estimated hospitalization frequency in 2-year follow-up.

Results:
Of 11,196 older PLWH, 71% were male, and the average age was 61 (SD 9.2) years. Compared with healthy group, SU group had a mean of 30 [95% confidence interval: (19.0 to 40.5)], PULM group had a mean of 28 (22.1 to 34.5), and CV group had a mean of 22 (15.0 to 22.0) fewer hospitalization-free days over 1 year. Compared with healthy group (2.8 deaths/100 person-years), CV group (8.4) had a mean of 4 (3.8 to 6.8) and PULM group (7.9) had a mean of 3 (0.7 to 5.5) fewer days alive; SU group (6.0) was not different. There was no difference in restricted mean survival time for nursing home admission. Compared with healthy group, SU group had 1.42-fold [95% confidence interval: (1.32 to 1.54)], PULM group had 1.71-fold (1.61 to 1.81), and CV group had 1.28-fold (1.20 to 1.37) higher rates of hospitalization.

Conclusion:
Identifying clinically distinct subgroups with latent profile analysis may be useful to identify targets for interventions and health care optimization in older PLWH.
Early Impact of MMaT-3 Policy on Liver Transplant Waitlist Outcomes for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Shaikh Anjiya , Goli Karthik , Rich Nicole E. , Benhammou Jihane N. , Khaderi Saira , Hernaez Ruben , Agopian Vatche G. , Vierling John M. , Kim Donghee , Ahmed Aijaz , Goss John A. , Rana Abbas , Kanwal Fasiha , Cholankeril George 
Published: April 2022

Background.
To reduce the disparity in access to liver transplant (LT), United Network for Organ Sharing implemented an exception policy in May 2019, which capped hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exception score to the median Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) at transplant within the donor service area minus 3 points (MMaT-3) after the 6-mo wait period. We aimed to evaluate how this policy affected HCC waitlist outcomes.

Methods.
Using United Network for Organ Sharing data, we analyzed waitlist outcomes in HCC patients at the time they received exception points from in the pre-MMaT era (August 15, 2017, to November 15, 2018) and MMaT era (June 1, 2019, to August 30, 2020). Comparisons were made within the HCC group and HCC versus non-HCC (at time of listing) groups in the pre-MMaT and MMaT eras and regions were grouped as low, medium, and high MELD based on MMaT.

Results.
HCC group: LT probability within HCC patients decreased by 20% (subhazard ratio [sHR], 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74-0.85) between the eras and decreased by 41% in low MELD regions (sHR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.52-0.66). Waitlist dropout was unchanged. Matched HCC versus non-HCC groups: HCC patients had 80% higher LT probability (sHR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.71-1.99) than non-HCC patients in the pre-MMaT era; which decreased to a 14% higher LT probability in MMaT era. In low and medium regions, HCC patients had over twofold higher LT probability in the pre-MMaT era, which decreased to a ~20% higher probability (sHR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.06-1.23) in the MMaT era. After implementation of the acuity circle policy, HCC patients had lower LT probability (sHR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.74-0.94) than non-HCC patients.

Conclusions.
The geographic disparity between HCC and non-HCC patients has improved with the MMaT-3 policy. Despite lower LT probability for HCC patients, waitlist dropout was not adversely impacted.
Robotic-assisted Versus Open Technique for Living Donor Kidney Transplantation: A Comparison Using Propensity Score Matching for Intention to Treat
Authors: Tinney Francis , Ivanics Tommy , Stracke Joel , Malinzak Lauren , Elsabbagh Ahmed M. , McEvoy Tracci , Nagai Shunji , Yoshida Atsushi 
Published: April 2022

Background.
Living donor robotic-assisted kidney transplantation (RAKT) is an alternative to open kidney transplantation (OKT), but experience with this technique is limited in the United States.

Methods.
A retrospective review of living donor kidney transplants performed between 2016 and 2018 compared RAKT with OKT with regard to recipient, donor, and perioperative parameters. A 1:1 propensity score matching was performed on recipient/donor age, sex, body mass index, race, preoperative dialysis, and calculated panel reactive antibodies.

Results.
Outcomes of patient survival, graft survival, and postoperative complications were assessed for 139 transplants (47 RAKT and 92 OKT). Propensity score analysis (47:47) showed that RAKT recipients had longer warm ischemic times (49 versus 40 min; P < 0.001) and less blood loss (100 versus 150 mL; P = 0.005). Operative time and length of stay were similar between groups. Postoperative serum creatinine was similar during a 2-y follow-up. Post hoc analysis excluding 4 open conversions showed lower operative time with RAKT (297 versus 320 min; P = 0.04) and lower 30-d (4.7% versus 23.4%; P = 0.02) and 90-d (7% versus 27.7%; P = 0.01) Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 complications.

Conclusions.
Our findings suggest that RAKT is a safe alternative to OKT.
Sphingomonas radiodurans sp. nov., a novel radiation-resistant bacterium isolated from the north slope of Mount Everest
Authors: Liu Yang , Chen Tuo , Cui Xiaowen , Xu Yeteng , Hu Shixin , Zhao Yidan , Zhang Wei , Liu Guangxiu , Zhang Gaosen 
Published: April 2022

A bacterial strain, designated S9-5T, was isolated from moraine samples collected from the north slope of Mount Everest at an altitude of 5 500 m above sea level. A polyphasic study confirmed the affiliation of the strain with the genus

Sphingomonas

. Strain S9-5T was an aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium that could grow at 10–40 °C, pH 5–8 and with 0–9 % (w/v) NaCl. Q-10 was its predominant respiratory menaquinone. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified phospholipid, an unidentified aminophospholipid and eight unidentified lipids comprised the polar lipids of strain S9-5T. Its major fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c) and C16 : 0. The G+C content was 65.75mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences showed that strain S9-5T was phylogenetically closely related to

Sphingomonas panaciterrae

DCY91T (98.17 %),

Sphingomonas olei

K-1-16T (98.11 %) and

Sphingomonas mucosissima

DSM 17494T (97.39 %). The average nucleotide identity values among strain S9-5T and

Sphingomonas panaciterrae

DCY91T,

Sphingomonas olei

K-1-16T and

Sphingomonas mucosissima

DSM 17494T were 78.82, 78.87 and 78.29 %, respectively. Based on the morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic data, strain S9-5T (=JCM 34750T=GDMCC 1.2714T) should represent a novel species of the genus

Sphingomonas

, for which we propose the name Sphingomonas radiodurans sp. nov.
Metabolite profiles across populations of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) highlight the specificity and inducibility of phytochemical response to glyphosate stress
Authors: Sandhu Pawanjit Kaur , Leonard Elizabeth , Nandula Vijay , Tharayil Nishanth 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARYModifications of the phytochemical profile form a vital component of physiological stress adaptation in plants. However, the specificity and uniqueness of phytochemical changes with respect to the identity of stressors is less known. Here, we investigated the commonality and specificity of metabolic perturbations induced by a specific stressor – glyphosate, and a general stressor – drought, across multiple glyphosate-resistant (GR) and -susceptible (GS) biotypes of a dominant agricultural weed, Amaranthus palmeri. In the absence of stress, the native metabolite profile of GS- and GR-biotypes was similar, and amplification of the EPSPS gene in GR-biotypes did not translate to a higher abundance of downstream metabolites. Further, glyphosate treatment initially inhibited the shikimate pathway in both GS- and GR-biotypes, from which the GR-biotypes recovered, indicating inducibility in the functionalization of the EPSPS enzyme. The accumulation of phenylpropanoids produced downstream of the shikimate pathway, was higher in GR-biotypes than GS-biotypes, with a preferential accumulation of compounds with higher antioxidant potential. However, this increase was not observed in response to drought treatment, where the metabolic perturbations were pervasive but limited in magnitude compared to glyphosate stress. Overall, while native phytochemistry of A. palmeri was similar irrespective of the level of glyphosate susceptibility, the specific stressor, glyphosate, imparted metabolic perturbations that were localized but higher in magnitude, while the specificity of phytochemical response to the general stressor, drought, was minimal. Taken together, these results suggest that, at the metabolic level, the glyphosate resistance mechanism in A. palmeri is partly induced and specific to herbicide stress.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUnderstanding changes in physiology, especially those related to secondary metabolites with adaptogenic functions, is imperative to decipher the basis of stress adaptation in plants. This study provides critical information on native and stress-induced phytochemical differences between multiple glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible weed biotypes, thus, shedding light on the metabolome-level orchestration of gene amplification-mediated glyphosate resistance mechanism in an economically devastating weed, Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri).
Multi-level monitoring of EME1-MUS81 in CPT induced nucleolar rDNA repair
Authors: Bakshi Karishma , Nagamalleswari Easa , Breucker Jan , Eisenhardt Nathalie , Tiwari Richa , González-Prieto Román , Fatouros Chronis , Chaugule Viduth K , Lee Heekyoung , Ilic Dragana , Trulsson Fredrik , Mittler Gerhard , Vertegaal Alfred C.O. , Pichler Andrea 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe identified EME1, the regulatory subunit of the structure-specific endonuclease complex EME1-MUS81, as substrate for the sumoylated UBC9 and demonstrated synergistic functions in promoting Camptothecin (CPT)-induced nucleolar ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repair (Nagamalleswari et al, co-submitted). Sumoylation of EME1 appears complex involving mono- and poly-sumoylation. Hence, we addressed here whether these modifications differentially regulate EME1 functions by analyzing EME1-variant expressing cell lines including mono-sumo(1)ylation and poly-sumo(2)ylation mimetic fusions. We complemented our analysis with the regulated endogenous EME1 interactome and our observation that Trichostatin A (TSA) induced EME1 and UBC9 sumoylation. Our findings are substantiated by identifying several regulatory proteins and by detecting CPT-induced endogenous di- and poly-sumoylated EME1 in different cell fractions. Together, our data suggest that Histone H4 acetylation, two mono-sumoylation events, poly-sumoylation, ISG15 and ubiquitination sequentially and in mutual dependence tightly control the intracellular localization, recruitment to DNA lesions, enzymatic activity, withdrawal from DNA lesions and the stability of EME1.
Reanalysis shows the extreme decline effect does not exist in fish ocean acidification studies
Authors: Munday Philip L 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTA meta-analysis published in PLoS Biology by Clements et al. (2022) claims there is an extreme decline effect in studies published between 2009-2019 on the impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on fish behaviour. Here I show that the extreme decline effect reported by Clements et al. is a statistical artifact caused by the way they corrected for zero values in percentage data, which was more common in the earliest experiments compared with later studies. Furthermore, selective choices for excluding or including data, along with serious errors in the compilation of data and missing studies with strong effects, weakened the effect sizes reported for papers after 2010, further exacerbating the decline effect reported by Clements et al. When the data is reanalyzed using appropriate corrections for zero values in percentage and proportional data, and using a complete, corrected and properly screened data set, the extreme decline effect reported by Clements et al. no longer exists.
METACLUSTERplus - an R package for probabilistic inference and visualization of context-specific transcriptional regulation of biosynthetic gene clusters
Authors: Banf Michael 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTFungi and plants reveal widespread occurrences of metabolic enzymes co-located on the chromosome, some already characterized as being biosynthetic pathways for specialized metabolites, such as terpenes synthesizing enzyme clusters in Lotus japonicus and Arabidopsis thaliana. These clusters display context-specific co-expression of clustered enzymes, indicating a shared transcriptional response in a spatial and condition specific manner, and co-regulation due to promoter binding by shared transcription factors may be one way to facilitate coordinated expression. To enhance our understanding of context-specific transcriptional gene cluster regulation, we redefine and augment this probabilistic framework, labelled METACLUSTERplus, integrating gene expression compendia, context-specific annotations, biosynthetic gene cluster definitions, as well as gene regulatory network architectures. Further, it provides a set of appealing and intuitive visualizations of inferred results for analysis and publication. METACLUSTERplus is available at https://github.com/mbanf/MetaclusterPlus.
Isolation and Divergence of Peromyscus melanotis Populations Across the Madrean Sky Islands in Arizona
Authors: Larsen Brendan B. , Otto Hans W. , Gryseels Sophie , Worobey Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Madrean sky islands have been studied for decades due to their high biodiversity, which results from the intersection of biomes and their role as refugia for populations isolated on mountain tops during the last ice age. There has been controversy and confusion about the identification of Peromyscus sp. found in the montane forests on these sky islands, which is often assumed to be the widespread and ubiquitous P. maniculatus. Here, we provide mitochondrial phylogenetic data suggesting that all individuals of Peromyscus captured on three isolated mountains in southern Arizona are Peromyscus melanotis, a species previously thought endemic to Mexico. Furthermore, with molecular clock analyses on two mitochondrial loci we show these populations have been isolated from each other for ∼11,000-50,000 years, corresponding to the transition from the last ice age. These isolated populations represent important conservation targets due to habitat loss. In addition, we suggest that future genomic and ecological research is warranted to better understand these unique populations.