bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy and safety of esketamine in the treatment of major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Lan Xiaofeng , Wang Chengyu , Zhang Fan , Fu Ling , Li Weicheng , Ye Yanxiang , Hu Zhibo , Chao Ziyuan , Ning Yuping , Zhou Yanling 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a high risk factor for suicide, with up to 20% of MDD patients attempting suicide during their lifetime. Current treatments for MDD are slow onset of action, low efficiency, and the inability to control suicidal behaviors quickly and effectively. Intravenous ketamine has been shown to have a rapid but transient antidepressant effect, but there is still lack evidence on the efficacy and safety of intravenous esketamine in reducing suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in MDD patients with suicidal ideation. We designed a study to investigate the effect of short-term repeated intravenous infusion of esketamine three times in MDD patients with suicidal ideation.

Methods
This study features a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (RCT) comparing short-term repeated intravenous infusions of esketamine with placebo as a supplement to conventional antidepressants with an intervention period of 6 days and one infusion every other day, followed by 4 weeks of follow-up. These methods support the examination of the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and mechanism of action of short-term repeated intravenous infusions of esketamine in MDD patients with suicidal ideation.

Discussion
This is the first RCT to explore the efficacy and safety of short-term repeated infusion of esketamine on suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in MDD patients with suicidal ideation. If proven effective and tolerated, it will provide evidence for rapid and effective treatment of suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms in MDD individuals with suicidal ideation.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Register, ChiCTR2000041232. Registered 22 December 2020.
Identifying geographical inequalities of maternal care utilization in Ethiopia: a Spatio-temporal analysis from 2005 to 2019
Authors: Seboka Binyam Tariku , Mamo Tizalegn Tesfaye , Mekonnen Tensae 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Inequalities in maternal care utilization pose a significant threat to maternal health programs. This study aimed to describe and explain the spatial variation in maternal care utilization among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Accordingly, this study focuses on identifying hotspots of underutilization and mapping maternal care utilization, as well as identifying predictors of spatial clustering in maternal care utilization.

Methods
We evaluated three key indicators of maternal care utilization: pregnant women who received no antenatal care (ANC) service from a skilled provider, utilization of four or more ANC visits, and births attended in a health facility, based the Ethiopian National Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS5) to 2019. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to measure whether maternal care utilization was dispersed, clustered, or randomly distributed in the study area. Getis-Ord Gi statistics examined how Spatio-temporal variations differed through the study location and ordinary Kriging interpolation predicted maternal care utilization in the unsampled areas. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was used to identify predictors of geographic variation, and geographically weighted regression (GWR) examined the spatial variability relationships between maternal care utilization and selected predictors.

Result
A total of 26,702 pregnant women were included, maternal care utilization varies geographically across surveys. Overall, statistically significant low maternal care utilization hotspots were identified in the Somali region. Low hotspot areas were also identified in northern Ethiopia, stretching into the Amhara, Afar, and Beneshangul-Gumuz regions; and the southern part of Ethiopia and the Gambella region. Spatial regression analysis revealed that geographical variations in maternal care utilization indicators were commonly explained by the number of under-five children, the wealth index, and media access. In addition, the mother’s educational status significantly explained pregnant women, received no ANC service and utilized ANC service four or more times. Whereas, the age of a mother at first birth was a spatial predictor of pregnant who received no ANC service from a skilled provider.

Conclusion
In Ethiopia, it is vital to plan to combat maternal care inequalities in a manner suitable for the district-specific variations. Predictors of geographical variation identified during spatial regression analysis can inform efforts to achieve geographical equity in maternal care utilization.
Bidirectional genetic overlap between bipolar disorder and intelligence
Authors: Shang Meng-Yuan , Wu Yong , Zhang Chu-Yi , Qi Hao-Xiang , Zhang Qing , Huo Jin-Hua , Wang Lu , Wang Chuang , Li Ming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a highly heritable psychiatric illness exhibiting substantial correlation with intelligence.

Methods
To investigate the shared genetic signatures between BD and intelligence, we utilized the summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to conduct the bivariate causal mixture model (MiXeR) and conjunctional false discovery rate (conjFDR) analyses. Subsequent expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping in human brain and enrichment analyses were also performed.

Results
Analysis with MiXeR suggested that approximately 10.3K variants could influence intelligence, among which 7.6K variants were correlated with the risk of BD (Dice: 0.80), and 47% of these variants predicted BD risk and intelligence in consistent allelic directions. The conjFDR analysis identified 37 distinct genomic loci that were jointly associated with BD and intelligence with a conjFDR < 0.01, and 16 loci (43%) had the same directions of allelic effects in both phenotypes. Brain eQTL analyses found that genes affected by the “concordant loci” were distinct from those modulated by the “discordant loci”. Enrichment analyses suggested that genes related to the “concordant loci” were significantly enriched in pathways/phenotypes related with synapses and sleep quality, whereas genes associated with the “discordant loci” were enriched in pathways related to cell adhesion, calcium ion binding, and abnormal emotional phenotypes.

Conclusions
We confirmed the polygenic overlap with mixed directions of allelic effects between BD and intelligence and identified multiple genomic loci and risk genes. This study provides hints for the mesoscopic phenotypes of BD and relevant biological mechanisms, promoting the knowledge of the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of BD. The essential value of leveraging intelligence in BD investigations is also highlighted.
Antimicrobial resistance, virulence associated genes and phylogenetic background versus plasmid replicon types: the possible associations in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC)
Authors: Tohmaz Maad , Askari Badouei Mahdi , Kalateh Rahmani Hamideh , Hashemi Tabar Gholamreza 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacterial isolates from food producing animals not only challenges the preventive and therapeutic strategies in veterinary medicine, but also threatens public health. Genetic elements placed on both chromosome and plasmids could be involved in AMR. In the present study, the associations of genomic backbone and plasmids with AMR were evaluated. We also provided some primary evidences that which genetic lineages potentially host certain groups of plasmids.

Results
In the current study, 72 avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains were examined. Isolates resistant to tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (87.5%; each), and harboring blaTEM (61.1%) were dominant. Moreover, phylogroup D was the most prevalent phylogroup in total (23.6%), and among multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates (14/63). The most prevalent Inc-types were also defined as follows: IncP (65.2%), IncI1 (58.3%), and IncF group (54.1%). Significant associations among phylogroups and AMR were observed such as group C to neomycin (p = 0.002), gentamicin (p = 0.017) and florfenicol (p = 0.036). Furthermore, group D was associated with blaCTX. In terms of associations among Inc-types and AMR, resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics was considerably linked with IncP (p = 0.012), IncI1 (p = 0.038) and IncA/C (p = 0.005). The blaTEM and blaCTX genes presence were connected with IncI1 (p = 0.003) and IncFIC (p = 0.013), respectively. It was also shown that members of the D phylogroup frequently occured in replicon types FIC (8/20), P (13/47), I1 (13/42), HI2 (5/14) and L/M (3/3).

Conclusions
Accorging to the results, it seems that group D strains have a great potential to host a variety of plasmids (Inc-types) carrying different AMR genes. Thus, based on the results of the current study, phyogroup D could be a potential challenge in dealing with AMR in poultry. There were more strong correlations among Inc-types and AMR compared to phylotypes and AMR. It is suggested that in epidemiological studies on AMR both genomic backbone and major plasmid types should be investigated.
Personality functioning and the pathogenic effect of childhood maltreatment in a high-risk sample
Authors: d’Huart Delfine , Hutsebaut Joost , Seker Süheyla , Schmid Marc , Schmeck Klaus , Bürgin David , Boonmann Cyril 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
While the psychopathological sequalae of childhood maltreatment are widely acknowledged, less is known about the underlying pathways by which childhood maltreatment might lead to an increased risk for mental health problems. Recent studies indicated that impaired personality functioning might mediate this relationship. The aim of the present paper was to extend the current literature by investigating the mediating effect of impaired personality functioning between different types of childhood maltreatment and self-reported mental health problems in a high-risk sample.

Methods
Overall, 173 young adults (mean age = of 26.61 years; SD = 3.27) with a history of residential child welfare and juvenile justice placements in Switzerland were included in the current study. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), Semi-structured Interview for Personality Functioning DSM-5 (STiP-5.1) and the self-report questionnaires of the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment scales (ASEBA) were used. Mediation analyses were conducted through structural equation modeling.

Results
Overall, 76.3% (N = 132) participants indicated at least one type of childhood maltreatment, with emotional neglect being most commonly reported (60.7%). A total of 30.6% (N = 53) participants self-reported mental health problems. Emotional abuse (r = 0.34; p < .001) and neglect (r = 0.28; p < .001) were found to be most strongly associated with mental health problems. In addition, impaired personality functioning was fond to be a significant mediator for overall childhood maltreatment (β = 0.089; p = 0.008) and emotional neglect (β = 0.077; p = 0.016). Finally, impaired self-functioning was found to be a significant mediator when both self-functioning and interpersonal functioning were included as potential mediators in the relationship between overall childhood maltreatment (β1 = 0.177, p1 = 0.007) and emotional neglect (β1 = 0.173, p1 = 0.003).

Conclusion
Emotional neglect may be particularly important in the context of childhood maltreatment, personality functioning, and mental health problems and, therefore, should not be overlooked next to the more “obvious” forms of childhood maltreatment. Combining interventions designed for personality functioning with trauma-informed practices in standard mental health services might counteract the psychopathological outcomes of maltreated children and adolescents.
The role of podiatry in the early identification and prevention of lower limb venous disease: an ethnographic study
Authors: Roberts Peter James Joseph , Ousey Karen , Barker Caroline , Reel Sarah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundLower limb venous disease can cause significant pain, loss of mobility, and can be detrimental to an individual's quality of life. Manifestations of venous disease often pose a substantially negative impact on patients and place a high demand on finite healthcare resources. Whilst this problem is internationally recognised, most research and discourse has predominantly focussed on treatment of leg ulceration and prevention of recurrence. Prevention of lower limb venous disease progression to the first ulceration has received far less attention. Overall, the care of this condition appears to rest in the domain of medicine and nursing yet podiatry, a profession with responsibility for the lower limb and foot, is conspicuous by its absence from the literature.MethodsAn ethnographic approach was used to gather data from 26 participants through observation, semi‐structured interviews, and a focus group interview. Qualitative analysis was conducted using the framework approach.ResultsThe findings revealed an identity crisis within the podiatry profession. Evidence emerged of ritual and routine practices that did not include lower limb venous disease. External control over practice limited the professional autonomy of podiatrists determining their own activities. Inter‐professional relationships with nursing, and perceptions of boundaries that venous disease was a nursing role were also found to be limiting factors.ConclusionsThis research revealed that podiatry does not occupy a substantive role in contributing to the early identification and prevention of lower limb venous disease. Policy, education, research and practice changes are all required to enhance the contribution of podiatry to reduce the burden of this disease.
Cell type-specific changes identified by single-cell transcriptomics in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Luquez Tain , Gaur Pallavi , Kosater Ivy M , Lam Matti , Lee Dylan I , Mares Jason , Paryani Fahad , Yadav Archana , Menon Vilas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe rapid advancement of single-cell transcriptomics in neurology has allowed for profiling of post-mortem human brain tissue across multiple diseases. Over the past 3 years, several studies have examined tissue from donors with and without diagnoses of Alzheimer’s disease, highlighting key changes in cell type composition and molecular signatures associated with pathology and, in some cases, cognitive decline. Although all of these studies have generated single-cell/nucleus RNA-seq or ATAC-seq data from the full array of major cell classes in the brain, they have each focused on changes in specific cell types. Here, we synthesize the main findings from these studies and contextualize them in the overall space of large-scale omics studies of Alzheimer’s disease. Finally, we touch upon new horizons in the field, in particular advancements in high-resolution spatial interrogation of tissue and multi-modal efforts—and how they are likely to further advance mechanistic and target-selection studies on Alzheimer’s disease.
The use of soil microbial potassium solubilizers in potassium nutrient availability in soil and its dynamics
Authors: Olaniyan Faridat Temilomo , Alori Elizabeth Temitope , Adekiya Aruna Olasekan , Ayorinde Bisola Bolajoko , Daramola Fisayo Yemisi , Osemwegie Osarenkhoe Omorefosa , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
An increase in population has led to a higher demand for food. Meeting up this demand has necessitated the use of chemical fertilizers. However, utilization of these fertilizers has a considerable deleterious effect on the soil, plant, human, environmental sustainability, and only increase the cost and reduced profitability. With these identified problems, there is a need for efficient and sustainable methods regarding managing natural resources to enhance food production. Naturally, potassium (K) is an abundant element present in the soil but in an inaccessible form. There is therefore a need to seek an alternative method to improve the K availability to plants noting that K is an essential plant nutrient that plays a major role in plant physiological and metabolic processes. Subsequently, employing microbial potassium solubilizers is an efficient method to enhance the potassium availability in the soil, which in turn improves productivity. Therefore, this review discusses the various types of potassium solubilizing microorganisms in soil, their mechanism of action, and their importance in sustainable crop production.

Main body
Potassium solubilizing microorganisms (KSM) such as bacteria and fungi can solubilize K from an insoluble form to a soluble form to enhance uptake by plants. These microorganisms solubilize K through the production of organic acids such as tartaric acid, citric acid, and oxalic acid to release K from its minerals. Apart from making potassium available, these microbes can improve soil health and crop yield and act as bio-control agents by producing antibiotics. Potassium solubilizing microbes also produce hormones that help plants withstand both biotic and abiotic stresses. Hence, the application of KSM to agricultural soils will reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and enhance the sustainability of food production.

Conclusion
One of the most efficient ways of improving plant utilization of potassium in the soil is to use potassium solubilizing microbes, which can make potassium ions available from minerals of both igneous and sedimentary origins. The use of potassium solubilizing microbes as biofertilizers may be the awaited solution to increasing crop productivity, concerns linked to chemical fertilizer application, and earth resource diminution.
Analyzing PKC Gamma (+ 19,506 A/G) polymorphism as a promising genetic marker for HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Abid Fizzah , Iqbal Talha , Khan Khushbukhat , Badshah Yasmin , Trembley Janeen H , Ashraf Naeem Mahmood , Shabbir Maria , Afsar Tayyaba , Almajwal Ali , Razak Suhail 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
HCC is a major health concern worldwide. PKC gamma, a member of the conventional PKC subclass, is involved in many cancer types, but the protein has received little attention in the context of single nucleotide polymorphisms and HCC. Therefore, the study aims to investigate the association of PKC gamma missense SNP with HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods
The PKC gamma nsSNPs were retrieved from the ENSEMBL genome browser and the deleterious nsSNPs were filtered out through involvingPredictSNP2, CADD, DANN, FATHMM, FunSeq2 and GWAVA. Among the filtered nsSNPs, nsSNP rs1331262028 was identified to be the most pathogenic one. Through involving I-TASSER, ProjectHOPE, I-Mutant, MUpro, mCSM, SDM, DynaMut and MutPred, the influence of SNP rs1331262028 on protein structure, function and stability was estimated. A molecular Dynamic simulation was run to determine the conformational changes in mutant protein structure compared to wild. The blood samples were collected for genotyping analysis and for assessing ALT levels in the blood.

Results
The study identified for the first time an SNP (rs1331262028) of PRKCG to strongly decrease protein stability and induce HCC. The RMSD, RMSF, and Rg values of mutant and wild types found were significantly different. Based on OR and RR values of 5.194 and 2.287, respectively, genotype analysis revealed a higher correlation between the SNP homozygous wild Typeform, AA, and the disease while patients with genotype AG have higher viral load.

Conclusion
Outcomes of the current study delineated PKC gamma SNP rs1331262028 as a genetic marker for HCV-induced HCC that could facilitate disease management after further validation.
Deep low-frequency earthquake activity associated with the 2018 eruptions in the Kirishima volcanic complex, Japan
Authors: Kurihara Ryo , Kato Aitaro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDeep low-frequency (DLF) earthquakes have occurred at depths of 10–30 km in the Kirishima volcanic complex, Japan. Here, we investigate the DLF earthquake activity that was associated with the 2018 eruptions, compare these DLF earthquakes with those associated with the 2011 eruptions, and provide inferences on magmatic fluid ascension during these two eruptions. We apply a new matched-filter method to the continuous waveform data from the 2017–2018 period to comprehensively detect the DLF earthquake activity surrounding the 2018 eruptions. This new method can detect microearthquakes using a single seismic station based on an index that is computed as the product of mutual information and the correlation coefficient to measure the similarity between the template and target waveforms. We perform the same analysis using the 2010–2011 waveform data for comparison with the DLF earthquake activity associated with the 2011 eruptions. We detect 75 DLF earthquakes at approximately 25 km depth during the 2017–2018 period, whereas we detect 1302 DLF earthquakes at similar depths during the 2010–2011 period. Although the number of detected 2017–2018 events is small, we identify two swarms of DLF earthquake activity in March and July 2017. The March 2017 swarm coincides with the appearance of mud pots and jet fumaroles at the surface, and the July 2017 swarm coincides with the initiation of crustal deformation, which indicates the inflation of a deep magma reservoir. Furthermore, the occurrence rate of DLF earthquakes increased slightly after the March 2018 eruptions. Although the occurrence rate of DLF earthquakes associated with the 2018 eruptions was much lower than that associated with the 2011 eruptions, the slight increase in DLF earthquakes during the 2018 eruptions implies a connection between the deep magmatic fluid ascension and shallow volcanic unrest in 2018, which is similar to that observed during the 2011 eruptions. Such a close temporal relationship between the DLF earthquakes and surface volcanic activity suggests that the pressure disturbance within volcanic conduits propagates rapidly from depth.
Graphical Abstract
Permutation entropy variations in seismic noise before and after eruptive activity at Shinmoedake volcano, Kirishima complex, Japan
Authors: Konstantinou K. I. , Rahmalia D. A. , Nurfitriana I. , Ichihara M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPermutation entropy (PE) is a complexity metric that encodes a time series into sequences of symbols and can be used to decipher between deterministic and stochastic behavior. This study investigates PE variations in seismic noise during three eruption cycles in 2011, 2017, and 2018 at Shinmoedake volcano, Japan. The volcano is monitored by a dedicated seismic network and by infrasound microphones that recorded continuously during the aforementioned eruptions. The frequency range 1–7 Hz was used in order to infer temporal changes of PE in seismic noise and minimize any human contributions. The results showed that PE values decreased before the occurrence of each eruption. By combining these results with other observations we can attribute this decrease in PE to two reasons: first, to the occurrence of volcanic tremor that is a deterministic signal, and second, to magma migration at shallower depth beneath Shinmoedake which can attenuate high-frequency seismic waves and thus result in a less stochastic signal. PE also exhibited a spike-like increase just before the onset of the three eruptions. In 2011 and 2017, this feature was probably associated with bubble growth and collapse due to the interaction between the aquifer and high temperature magma. In 2018 the aquifer had mostly evaporated; hence, the spike in PE values was likely generated by fracturing of solidified magma within the conduit as fresh magma was pushing its way upwards. These results show that PE is a potentially useful tool for monitoring seismic noise at volcanoes and can contribute toward forecasting volcanic eruptions in conjunction with other widely used methodologies.
Graphical Abstract