bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Profiling of Colorectal Carcinomas of Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: de Krijger Manon , Carvalho Beatriz , Rausch Christian , Bolijn Anne S , Delis-van Diemen Pien M , Tijssen Marianne , van Engeland Manon , Mostafavi Nahid , Bogie Roel M M , Dekker Evelien , Masclee Ad A M , Verheij Joanne , Meijer Gerrit A , Ponsioen Cyriel Y 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) run a 10-fold increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to patients with IBD only. The aim of this study was to perform an extensive screen of known carcinogenic genomic alterations in patients with PSC-IBD, and to investigate whether such changes occur already in nondysplastic mucosa.

Methods
Archival cancer tissue and nondysplastic mucosa from resection specimens of 19 patients with PSC-IBD-CRC were characterized, determining DNA copy-number variations, microsatellite instability (MSI), mutations on 48 cancer genes, and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). Genetic profiles were compared with 2 published cohorts of IBD-associated CRC (IBD-CRC; n = 11) and sporadic CRC (s-CRC; n = 100).

Results
Patterns of chromosomal aberrations in PSC-IBD-CRC were similar to those observed in IBD-CRC and s-CRC, MSI occurred only once. Mutation frequencies were comparable between the groups, except for mutations in KRAS, which were less frequent in PSC-IBD-CRC (5%) versus IBD-CRC (38%) and s-CRC (31%; P = .034), and in APC, which were less frequent in PSC-IBD-CRC (5%) and IBD-CRC (0%) versus s-CRC (50%; P &lt; .001). Cases of PSC-IBD-CRC were frequently CIMP positive (44%), at similar levels to cases of s-CRC (34%; P = .574) but less frequent than in cases with IBD-CRC (90%; P = .037). Similar copy number aberrations and mutations were present in matched cancers and adjacent mucosa in 5/15 and 7/11 patients, respectively.

Conclusions
The excess risk of CRC in patients with PSC-IBD was not explained by copy number aberrations, mutations, MSI, nor CIMP status, in cancer tissue, nor in adjacent mucosa. These findings set the stage for further exome-wide and epigenetic studies.
Vitamin D Deficiency is Common in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis After Total Proctocolectomy with Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis
Authors: Rizvi Anam , Trivedi Parth , Bar-Mashiah Ariel , Plietz Michael , Khaitov Sergey , Sylla Patricia , Greenstein Alexander , Dubinsky Marla C , Kayal Maia 
Published: May 2022

Lay Summary
In a retrospective study of 412 patients with ulcerative colitis who underwent total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis and had subsequent pouchoscopy, low 25-hydroxyvitamin D was common and was not significantly associated with age, sex, ethnicity, or precolectomy medication use.
Effectiveness and Safety of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Persons Exposed to Cases of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khan Faizan , Bai Zemin , Kelly Shannon , Skidmore Becky , Dickson Catherine , Nunn Alexandra , Rutledge-Taylor Katie , Wells George 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAmong close contacts of patients with invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infection, the benefits and harms of chemoprophylaxis are uncertain. We conducted a systematic review of studies that reported on persons who, after being exposed to a case of laboratory-confirmed or probable iGAS, received any antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of GAS infection or carriage. Thirty-seven studies including 26 outbreak investigations and 11 case series or reports were included with predominantly descriptive information that suggested that antibiotic prophylaxis may be effective in preventing GAS infection or GAS carriage, with very few serious adverse events. However, current available evidence is scant (with limited information on contacts of iGAS cases) and largely based on studies with weak design and small sample size. Therefore, definitive conclusions on effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis cannot be drawn. Well designed prospective studies are required to establish the benefit-harm profile of antibiotic prophylaxis for secondary prevention of GAS disease among close contacts of iGAS cases.
Specific bFGF targeting of KIM-1 in ischemic kidneys protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
Authors: Song Siqi , Hou Xianglin , Zhang Weiwei , Liu Xinyu , Wang Wei , Wang Xiaoya , Cao Wenxuan , Xia Yujun , Chen Wei , Shi Chunying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is one of the major causes of acute kidney injury. However, there is still no effective treatment for this disease. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been reported to be beneficial for recovery from ischemic diseases. It is vital to increase the local concentration and reduce the diffusion of bFGF in vivo for renal I/R injury therapy. A targeted growth factor delivery system that responds to specific biological signals in the regenerative environment to guide release has been highlighted in tissue repair. In the present study, a specific peptide was fused with bFGF and called bFGF-kidney injury targeting (KIT-bFGF), and this compound specifically targeted kidney injury molecule-1 both in hypoxic renal HK-2 cells in vitro and ischemic kidneys in vivo after intravenous injection. When administered to rat models of renal I/R injury, KIT-bFGF attenuated renal tubule damage and fibrosis, and promoted functional recovery compared to the effects of native bFGF and the control. We also investigated the mechanism by which KIT-bFGF activated the ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways to significantly reduce apoptosis and protect against ischemic injury in the kidney. These results demonstrated that targeted delivery of KIT-bFGF could be an effective strategy for the treatment of renal I/R injury.
Barriers to participation and lifestyle change among lower versus higher income participants in the National Diabetes Prevention Program: lifestyle coach perspectives
Authors: Baucom Katherine J W , Bauman Tali , Gutierrez Chavez Manuel , Nemirovsky Yanina , Aguirre Monique C , Ramos Carmen , Asnaani Anu , Gutner Cassidy A , Ritchie Natalie D , Shah Megha 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Individuals from socioeconomically disadvantaged groups have lesser participation and success in the National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP). Barriers to NDPP participation and lifestyle change were examined from the perspective of Lifestyle Coaches serving lower versus higher income participants. Lifestyle Coaches (n = 211) who serve lower income (n = 82) or higher income (n = 129) participants reported on observed barriers to NDPP participation and lifestyle change and ranked the three most significant barriers to (a) NDPP participation and (b) lifestyle change. Group differences in number/type of barriers were examined using t-tests and chi-square analyses, and ranking differences were examined using multilevel cumulative logit models. Lifestyle Coaches of lower income (versus higher income) participants reported two additional barriers on average. Ranked barriers to participation were similar between groups, and notably included physical/emotional barriers. However, for lifestyle change, those serving lower income groups were more likely to rank lack of access to healthy grocery stores, but less likely to rank low motivation and lack of family support. Lifestyle Coaches of lower income participants were less likely to rank long wait period prior to enrollment as the most significant barrier to participation, and to rank lack of time off from work as the most significant barrier to lifestyle change. Despite more barriers observed among lower versus higher income participants, overlap in the most significant barriers highlights the potential utility of widely addressing common barriers among NDPP participants. In particular, physical and emotional barriers have been overlooked, yet deserve greater attention in future research and practice.
Assessment of melanoma precision prevention materials incorporating MC1R genetic risk information
Authors: Lacson John Charles A , Forgas Stephanie M , Doyle Scarlet H , Qian Lu , Del Rio Jocelyn , Valavanis Stella , Carvajal Rodrigo , Gonzalez-Calderon Guillermo , Kim Youngchul , Roetzheim Richard G , Vadaparampil Susan T , Kanetsky Peter A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Few studies have examined cognitive responses to mailed precision prevention materials. MC1R is a robust, well-described melanoma susceptibility marker. The purpose was to assess cognitive responses to generic or precision prevention materials incorporating MC1R genetic risk. Non-Hispanic White participants (n = 1134) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial received either precision prevention materials incorporating MC1R genetic risk (higher/average) or generic prevention (standard) materials. Six months after baseline, 808 (71.3%) participants reported on the amount of prevention materials read (5-point scale); believability and clarity of materials; intention to change preventive behaviors (7-point Likert scale); and recall of their MC1R genetic risk. Comparisons were conducted using Kruskal–Wallis and chi-squared tests. Overall, participants read most to all (Mdn = 4, IQR = 2) of the prevention materials, reported high believability (Mdn = 7, IQR = 1) and clarity (Mdn = 7, IQR = 1), and moderate intention to change preventive behaviors (Mdn = 5, IQR = 2). Higher-risk participants reported slightly less clarity (Mdn = 6, IQR = 2) than either average-risk (Mdn = 6, IQR = 1, p = 2.50 × 10−3) or standard participants (Mdn = 7, IQR = 1, p = 2.30 × 10−5); and slightly less believability (Mdn = 6, IQR = 1) than standard participants (Mdn = 7, IQR = 1, p = .005). Higher-risk participants were 2.21 times as likely (95% CI = 1.43–3.43) to misremember or forget their risk compared to average-risk participants; misremembering was observed only among higher-risk participants (14%). Mailed precision prevention information were mostly read, highly believable and clear, and resulted in moderate levels of intention to change sun protection behaviors, bolstering the feasibility of population-level precision prevention. Defensive reactions may explain lower clarity, believability, and higher incorrect risk recall among higher-risk participants.
CE: Guideline-Directed Cardiac Devices for Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Leavitt Mary Ann 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT:
Heart failure affects over 6.2 million adults in the United States and is expected to affect over 8 million by 2030. The U.S. one-year mortality rate is almost 30% among Medicare beneficiaries. Technological advances have produced several new cardiac devices that are available for therapy and symptom management. This article reviews current device therapies for heart failure and uses a composite case to demonstrate how bedside nurses can help patients understand treatment options related to their disease process and care for them through this experience.
Comparative Study of Circumferential Decompression and Posterior Decompression in Palliative Surgery for Metastatic Thoracic Spinal Tumors
Authors: Otsuki Bungo , Miyazaki Kunihiko , Kakutani Kenichiro , Fujibayashi Shunsuke , Shimizu Takayoshi , Murata Koichi , Takahashi Yoshimitsu , Nakayama Takeo , Kuroda Ryosuke , Matsuda Shuichi 
Published: May 2022

Study Design:
This was a case-control study.

Objective:
The present study aimed to evaluate the significance of circumferential tumor resection around the spinal cord in palliative decompression surgery for patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) in the thoracic spine.

Summary of Background Data:
Although the benefits of palliative surgery for MSCC are well known, the significance of circumferential tumor resection with cord compression has not yet been clarified.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively compared the outcomes of 45 and 34 patients with incomplete paralysis of modified Frankel grade B–D caused by MSCC with anterior cord compression (epidural spinal cord compression grade ≥2) treated at 2 different university hospitals (H1 and H2, respectively). All patients in H1 hospital underwent posterior decompression only, while all patients in H2 hospital underwent full circumferential decompression. We analyzed factors that affect the postoperative ambulatory status. evaluated by the modified Frankel classification.

Results:
No significant differences were observed in the epidural spinal cord compression grade, spinal instability neoplastic score, new Katagiri score, revised Tokuhashi score, or postoperative survival between patients in H1 and H2 hospitals. A multivariable logistic regression analysis identified preoperative radiotherapy [odds ratio (OR): 0.23, 95% confidential interval (CI): 0.056–0.94] as a negative risk factor and postoperative chemotherapy (OR: 5.9, 95% CI: 1.3–27.0) as a positive risk factor for an improved ambulatory status. Five and 6 patients in H1 and H2 hospitals, respectively, showed deterioration in the ambulatory status. An older age (OR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0–1.2) and preoperative radiotherapy (OR: 10.3, 95% CI: 1.9–55.4) were extracted as significant independent risk factors for deterioration in the ambulatory status. Circumferential decompression did not improve the clinical results of patients regardless of the degree of paralysis.

Conclusions:
Preoperative radiotherapy interfered with the recovery of paralysis, and postoperative chemotherapy improved the ambulatory status. Clinical outcomes did not significantly differ between total circumferential decompression and posterior decompression, although further validation in a small number of cases is needed, such as patients with Frankel grade D.
Bariatric Surgery Lowers Rates of Spinal Symptoms and Spinal Surgery in a Morbidly Obese Population
Authors: Passias Peter G. , Fernandez Laviel , Horn Samantha R. , Ihejirika Yael U. , Wang Erik , Vasques-Montes Dennis , Shepard Nicholas , Segreto Frank A. , Bortz Cole A. , Brown Avery E. , Pierce Katherine E. , Alas Haddy , Lafage Renaud , Neuman Brian J. , Sciubba Daniel M. , Afthinos John , Lafage Virginie , Schoenfeld Andrew J. 
Published: May 2022

Study Design:
Retrospective analysis of New York State Inpatient Database years 2004–2013.

Objective:
Assess rates of spinal diagnoses and procedures before and after bariatric surgery (BS).

Summary of Background Data:
BS for morbid obesity helps address common comorbidity burdens and improves quality of life for patients. The effects of BS on spinal disorders and surgical intervention have yet to be investigated.

Materials and Methods:
Patients included in analysis if they underwent BS and were seen at the hospital before and after this intervention. Spinal conditions and rates of surgery assessed before and after BS using χ2 tests for categorical variables. Multivariable logistic regression analysis used to compare rates in BS patients to control group of nonoperative morbidly obese patients. Logistic testing controlled for comorbidities, age, biological sex.

Results:
A total of 73,046 BS patients included (age 67.88±17.66 y, 56.1% female). For regression analysis, 299,504 nonbariatric, morbidly obese patients included (age 53.45±16.52 y, 65.6% female). Overall, rates of spinal symptoms decreased following BS (7.40%–5.14%, P<0.001). Cervical, thoracic, lumbar spine diagnoses rates dropped from 3.28% to 2.99%, 2.91% to 2.57%, and 5.39% to 3.92% (all P<0.001), respectively. Most marked reductions seen in cervical spontaneous compression fractures, cervical disc herniation, thoracic radicular pain, spontaneous lumbar compression fractures, lumbar spinal stenosis, lumbar spondylosis. Controlling for comorbidities, age and sex, obese nonbariatric patients more likely to have encounters associated with several cervical, thoracic or lumbar spinal diagnoses and procedures, especially for cervical spontaneous compression fracture, radicular pain, lumbar spondylosis, lumbar spinal stenosis, posterior procedures. BS significantly lowered comorbidity burden for many specific factors.

Conclusions:
BS lowered rates of documented spinal disorders and procedures in a morbidly obese population. These findings provide evidence of additional health benefits following BS, including reduction in health care encounters for spinal disorders and rates of surgical intervention.
A novel method of intraovarian instillation of platelet rich plasma to improve reproductive outcome in young Indian women with diminished ovarian reserve
Authors: Parikh Firuza R. , Sawkar Sujatha G. , Agarwal Sapna , Makwana Prashant K. , Khandeparkar Meenal S. , Naik Nandkishor J. , Sanap Mangesh V. , Joshi Spruha P. , Athalye Arundhati S. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
To evaluate the effects of intraovarian platelet-rich plasma (IOPRP) instillation in young Indian women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).

Methods:
This prospective, ongoing, cohort study was performed by recruiting 45 consenting Indian women with DOR (group A). Up to 3 cycles of IOPRP instillation were performed after minimal ovarian stimulation. Outcome measures were changes in antral follicle counts (AFC), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, an increase in total and mature oocytes retrieved and establishment of pregnancy. The pregnancy rates in 51 women with the same inclusion criteria during the same time period were compared (group B).

Results:
In group A, baseline mean AFC was 3.44±2.35 (n=45); mean AFC increased after IOPRP-1 (3.89±2.21, n=45, P=0.1198<0.05 vs. baseline), IOPRP-2 (4.91±2.79, n=33, P=0.0056<0.05 vs. baseline), and IOPRP-3 (4.95±2.84, n=19, P=0.0002<0.05 vs. baseline). Mean AMH was 0.85±0.44 ng/mL. The changes in average AMH levels showed significance after IOPRP-2 (P=0.048<0.05). In group B, mean baseline AFC was 4.74±2.19, mean baseline AMH was 0.98±0.38 ng/mL. In group A, frozen embryo transfer was performed in 32/45 women and 15 clinical pregnancies were established. In group B, 44/51 women underwent frozen embryo transfer, 11 clinical pregnancies were established. The clinical pregnancy rate per transfer was 46.88%/embryo transfer in group A versus 25%/embryo transfer in group B.

Conclusions:
IOPRP instillation can improve AFC and can enhance pregnancy results in women with DOR. Increase in AMH levels and the number of total and mature oocytes was observed after 2 IOPRP. Significantly higher pregnancy rates (P=0.0009<0.05) were observed in women with IOPRP versus matched controls without IOPRP.
Sex Differences in Depressive Symptom Networks Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Lee Chiyoung , Hu Xiao 
Published: May 2022

Background
Compared to male individuals, an increased prevalence of depression has been reported in older female individuals consistently over time. Sex (male/female) differences in depressive symptom networks may help explain the underlying causes of this increased vulnerability for female individuals.

Objective
This cross-sectional study investigated the sex (male/female) differences in depressive symptom networks among community-dwelling older adults in South Korea.

Methods
The analysis was based on the 2019 Korean Community Health Survey data targeting adults aged 65 years or older. Using network analysis, depressive symptom networks were constructed according to the items listed in the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for propensity score-matched male and female groups. Strength centrality and network stability were tested. A network comparison test was performed to investigate the difference between the networks based on the invariance of global strength, network structure, edge strength, and specific centrality measures.

Results
Symptoms central to the network were similar between sexes, which were suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and psychomotor retardation/agitation. However, the global structure and network structure differed between sexes. The female symptom network showed more strengthened edges. Notably, four edges—loss of interest–hopelessness, sleep disturbance; low energy/fatigue; loss of interest–concentration difficulty; and worthlessness–concentration difficulty—were more pronounced in the female network. Strength centrality did not differ between the two networks.

Discussion
Our results may help guide future research and clinical interventions for female depression. In addition, educating health professionals on the differences in depressive symptom presentation will be crucial to ensuring that older female adults receive appropriate treatment.
A Suggested Formula for Postmortem Estimation of Brain Edema Using Morphometric Parameters in Egyptian Population
Authors: Abd El-Hai Amira A. , Shokry Dina A. , Elghamry Hoda , Hassan Hanan Hosny , Basyoni Hoda Ahmed , Razik Heba Abdo Abdel 
Published: May 2022

Objective
The purpose of this study was to find a mathematical relation that would be able to determine the existence of brain edema with a certain degree of accuracy, away from the subjective impressions of each examiner.

Patients and Methods
The analyzed study sample consists of 100 brains that underwent forensic autopsy in the Egyptian Forensic Medicine Authority, Zagazig department, from January 2017 to June 2018. Measurements of morphometric parameters of the skull were used to determine the volume and diameters of the cranial cavity. Subjects were divided histologically into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of brain edema.

Results
Using this methodological approach, 88% of the brains would be correctly classified as edematous, and 12% would be incorrectly classified as edematous. It was found that the mean ± SD value of brain weight was 1377.1 ± 124.5 g. The mean ± SD value of the brain volume was 1319.7 ± 58.5 cm3. The mean value of brain density was 1.04 ± 0.09 g/dL. It was found that there was a significant difference between subjects with brain edema and those without brain edema regarding measured and estimated brain weight, brain volume, and brain density. There was no statistically significant difference between age and sex regarding brain weight, brain volume, longitudinal diameter, width, and height of the skull.

Conclusions
The study results will significantly facilitate the daily routine macroscopic assessment of brain edema based on scientifically determined principles. However, any estimation must still be used with caution and in combination with clinical information and macroscopic and histological findings.