bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic innervation of the ovary and its variations in the rat senescence process
Authors: Bravo-Benitez Juan M , Cruz Yolanda , Lucio Rosa A , Venegas Berenice , Díaz Alfonso , Morales-Ledesma Leticia , Domínguez Roberto , Morán Carolina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOvarian functions decrease with perimenopause. The ovary has extrinsic innervation, but the neural influence on ovarian functions and dysfunction is not well-studied. The present study aimed to biochemically and morphometrically characterize the intrinsic neurons in ovaries from young adult, middle-aged, and senescent Long Evans CII-ZV rats (3, 12, and 15 months old, respectively). Ovaries were extracted from four rats of each age group (n = 12 total), cryopreserved, and processed for immunofluorescence studies with the primary NeuN/β-tubulin and NeuN/tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) antibodies. The soma area and number of intrinsic neurons in the ovarian stroma, surrounding follicles, corpus luteum, or cyst were evaluated. The intrinsic neurons were grouped in cluster-like shapes in ovarian structures. In senescent rats, the intrinsic neurons were mainly localized in the ovarian stroma and around the cysts. The number of neurons was lower in senescent rats than in young adult rats (p < 0.05), but the soma size was larger than in young adult rats. Immunoreactivity to TH indicated the presence of noradrenergic neurons in the ovary with the same characteristics as NeuN/β-tubulin, which indicates that they are part of the same neuronal group. Taken together, the findings indicate that the intrinsic neurons may be related to the loss of ovarian functions associated with aging.
Skin Gambling Contributes to Gambling Problems and Harm After Controlling for Other Forms of Traditional Gambling
Authors: Greer Nancy , Rockloff Matthew , Hing Nerilee , Browne Matthew , King Daniel L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEsports betting and skin gambling involve betting on the outcomes of video game competitions and/or using virtual currencies for betting. The present study evaluated a conceptual model linking video game involvement, video-game related gambling, traditional gambling, and gambling problems and harm. Data were collected via a cross-sectional online survey with 737 participants aged 18 + who engaged in esports cash betting (n = 576), esports skin betting (n = 184), or skin gambling on games of chance (n = 330). The findings highlighted the distinctly different relationships esports cash betting versus skin gambling had with traditional gambling involvement and harmful gambling. Gambling with skins on games of chance was predictive of gambling problems and gambling harm after controlling for participation in traditional gambling (OR = 1.32 and 1.17 respectively). Whereas betting on esports with cash was associated with betting on a variety of other forms of gambling, and there was no unique contribution to problems and harm over and above participation on these other forms (e.g., EGMs, sports betting). Skin gambling is directly implicated in gambling problems and harm, whereas cash betting on esports is only indicative of interest in many forms of potentially harmful gambling. Greater research attention to skin gambling is warranted, and particularly with respect to its role as a virtual currency more easily accessible for gambling.
Root electrical capacitance as an indicator of wheat growth and yield in a free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) experiment
Authors: Cseresnyés Imre , Pokovai Klára , Barcza Zoltán , Marton Tibor A. , Fodor Nándor 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background and aims
This study was the first to test the efficiency of monitoring root electrical capacitance (CR*) non-destructively in the field to evaluate crop development under different environmental conditions.

Methods
A free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment was performed with two winter wheat cultivars, two levels (low and high) of nitrogen supply and two (ambient and elevated) of [CO2] in three replicate plots over two years. The validity of CR* as a proxy for root uptake activity was confirmed by tracking the ceptometer-based leaf area index (LAI).

Results
Repeated CR* measurements clearly demonstrated the seasonal dynamics in root development, with a peak at flowering, and the delayed growth in the second year caused by the unfavourable meteorological conditions. From the vegetative to flowering stages, CR* was strongly correlated with LAI (R2: 0.897–0.962). The positive effect of higher N supply and elevated [CO2] on crop growth was clearly indicated by the higher CR* values, associated with increased LAI, shoot dry mass (SDM) at flowering and grain yield (GY). The maximum CR* was closely related to GY (R2: 0.805 and 0.867) when the data were pooled across the N and CO2 treatments and the years. Unlike CR* and GY, SDM and LAI were significantly lower in the second year, presumably due to the enhanced root/shoot ratio induced by a severe spring drought.

Conclusions
The present results convincingly demonstrated the potential of the in situ root capacitance method to assess root responses dynamically, and to predict crop GY.
Quality of life profiles and their association with clinical and demographic characteristics and physical activity in people with a stoma: a latent profile analysis
Authors: Goodman William , Downing Amy , Allsop Matthew , Munro Julie , Taylor Claire , Hubbard Gill , Beeken Rebecca J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Quality of life can be negatively impacted by the formation of a stoma and is influenced by a number of factors. Research to date treats people with a stoma as a homogenous group based on their quality of life. We attempted to identify subgroups based upon self-reported quality of life and explored variables associated with group membership.

Methods
The present study is a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional sample of 1419 people with a stoma. Participants completed validated questionnaires for quality of life, physical activity and clinical and demographic characteristics. Latent profile analysis was used to identify the optimal number of subgroups (profiles) and multinomial regression modelling was conducted to identify variables associated with profile membership.

Results
The analysis revealed 4 distinct profiles of people with a stoma: ‘consistently good quality of life’ [N = 891 (62.8%)], ‘some quality of life concerns’ [N = 184 (13.0%)], ‘low quality of life’ [N = 181 (12.8%)] and ‘financial concerns’ [N = 163 (11.5%)]. Modelling revealed that people with a recent stoma (formed < 2 years previously), who have a hernia and are less physically active were more likely to belong to the ‘low quality of life’ profile. Furthermore, those aged 16–55 were more likely to have financial concerns.

Conclusion
This study was the first to identify latent profiles within this population and assess whether certain variables are associated with membership. Future research should build upon this to identify additional variables associated with these profiles, which can help to provide the basis for targeting and tailoring future interventions to specific subgroups of people with a stoma.
Dependent philosophical majorities and the skeptical argument from disagreement
Authors: Jaksland Rasmus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAccording to the skeptical argument from disagreement, we are mandated to suspend judgement about a question if we discover that others disagree with us. Critics, however, have proposed that this skeptical argument fails if there are not equally many people on either side of the debate: numbers matter. The present paper explicates this as the argument that a group can be more likely to arrive at the correct view by majority rule than the members are on their own. Defenders of the skeptical argument have resisted that numbers matter by observing that if group members depend on each other when forming their beliefs, then the group can be less competent than its members. However, neither side of the debate has accompanied their views with quantitative estimates of how detrimental dependence is for group competence. This paper tries to improve this situation by drawing on jury theorems from social choice theory. The paper cannot settle the debate, but it shows that even the lower limit on group competence will exceed the average individual competence when dependence among voters remains moderate. This should give confidence to those who propose that asymmetry between the disputing parties can counter the skeptical argument from disagreement since being in the majority can thus be higher-order evidence for the disputed proposition.
The Subtlety of Subtales: Subaltern Voices of Sūkṣma Dharma in the Mahābhārata
Authors: Black Brian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMany scholars have identifiedsūkṣma dharma(subtledharma) as a central theme of theMahābhārata.However, beyond recognizing it as an understanding ofdharmathat is elusive and ambiguous, there has been relatively little investigation into the meaning and implications ofsūkṣma dharma. As this article shows, even if the central episodes of the main story leavesūkṣma dharmaundefined or unclear, theMahābhārata’s embedded narratives (upākhyānas) offer more explicit descriptions and demonstrations that can shed light on this otherwise elusive understanding ofdharma.By focusing on three substories, the article argues thatsūkṣma dharmais presented as a coherent and communicable teaching about how to act in morally ambiguous situations. This understanding ofsūkṣma dharma, as the article shows, is often associated with subaltern characters who demonstrate their knowledge through—what the article characterizes as—intuition and spontaneity in everyday situations.
Von der religiösen zur interreligiösen Bildung? Einwände, theoretische Klärungen und empirische Befunde zur Wirksamkeit
Authors: Schweitzer Friedrich 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungAusgangspunkt dieses Beitrags ist die in Öffentlichkeit und Politik verbreitete Forderung nach einer Erweiterung der religiösen zur interreligiösen Bildung. Darüber hinaus werden Einwände gegen ein solches Programm aufgenommen, die eine „Religiösierung“ sozialer Probleme sowie ein „Othering“ befürchten. Anhand theoretischer Klärungen zu interreligiöser Bildung werden diese Einwände diskutiert, vor allem aber mit der Frage nach der Wirksamkeit interreligiöser Bildung verbunden. Dazu wird der Stand der Forschung hinsichtlich unterschiedlicher Konzeptualisierungen sowie der Befundlage dargestellt sowie exemplarisch eine Studie zum „Interreligiösen Lernen durch Perspektivenübernahme“ vorgestellt. Die Befunde belegen eine teilweise Wirksamkeit interreligiöser Bildung, verweisen aber zugleich auf ausbleibende Effekte bei Einstellungen sowie auf einen Bedarf didaktischer Präzisierungen. Die Konzeptualisierungen belegen die Möglichkeit, interreligiöse Bildung nicht im Sinne einer Verfestigung religiöser Identitäten oder einer Selbstabschließung zu verstehen, sondern einer wachsenden Vertrautheit mit anderen Religionen und der Offenheit für Überzeugungen, die sich von den eigenen unterscheiden.
True cost accounting in agri-food networks: a German case study on informational campaigning and responsible implementation
Authors: Michalke A. , Stein L. , Fichtner R. , Gaugler T. , Stoll-Kleemann S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere is broad scientific consensus that current food systems are neither sustainable nor resilient: many agricultural practices are very resource-intensive and responsible for a large share of global emissions and loss of biodiversity. Consequently, current systems put large pressure on planetary boundaries. According to economic theory, food prices form when there is a balance between supply and demand. Yet, due to the neglect of negative external effects, effective prices are often far from representing the ‘true costs’. Current studies show that especially animal-based foodstuff entails vast external costs that currently stay unaccounted for in market prices. Against this background, we explore how informational campaigning on agricultural externalities can contribute to consumer awareness and tolerance of this matter. Further, we investigate the socially just design of monetary incentives and their implementation potentials and challenges. This study builds on the informational campaign of a German supermarket displaying products with two price tags: one of the current market price and the other displaying the ‘true’ price, which includes several environmental externalities calculated with True Cost Accounting (TCA). Based on interpretations of a consumer survey and a number of expert interviews, in this article we approach the potentials and obstacles of TCA as a communication tool and the challenges of its factual implementation in agri-food networks. Our results show that consumers are generally interested in the topic of true food pricing and would to a certain extent be willing to pay ‘true prices’ of the inquired foods. However, insufficient transparency and unjust distribution of wealth are feared to bring about communication and social justice concerns in the implementation of TCA. When introducing TCA into current discourse, it is therefore important to develop measures that are socially cautious and backed by relevant legal framework conditions. This poses the chance to create a fair playing (‘polluter pays’) with a clear assignment of responsibilities to policy makers, and practitioners in addition to customers.
Influence of Elastic and Optical Properties on AgFeO2 and AgCrO2 Delafossite to be Applied in High-Frequency Applications
Authors: El-Bassuony Asmaa. A. H. , Abdelsalam H. K. , Gamal W. M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNanometric AgFeO2 and AgCrO2 delafossite were easily prepared by the flash auto-combustion method. The two main bands estimated from FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared) analysis were the tetrahedral A-site (573 cm−1 for AgFeO2, 630 cm−1 for AgCrO2) and the octahedral B-site (484 cm−1 for AgFeO2, 595 cm−1 for AgCrO2). This study is mainly focused on the elastic properties evaluated from the FTIR analysis and showed that AgCrO2 delafossite is more elastic than AgFeO2 delafossite. The elastic properties can be explained by studying the longitudinal and transverse velocities. Owing to the optical properties results, AgCrO2 delafossite is a promising material to be applied in optical devices. However, AgFeO2 delafossite is a promising material in magnetic applications because it showed a large switching field distribution by 9-fold more than that of AgCrO2 delafossite. Moreover, high-frequency applications were calculated from the magnetic analysis and showed that both samples could be applied in ultra-high microwave applications.
Oxidation Resistance in 1200°C Steam of a FeCrAl Alloy Fabricated by Three Metallurgical Processes
Authors: Hoffman Andrew K. , Umretiya Rajnikant V. , Gupta Vipul K. , Larsen Michael , Graff Corey , Perlee Christopher , Brennan Patrick , Rebak Raul 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFeCrAl alloys are a leading candidate material for accident tolerant fuel cladding due to their good performance in both normal light-water reactor operating conditions as well as their resilience to high-temperature accident scenarios. For commercial-scale production, new fabrication techniques need to be investigated. In this study, the effects of fabrication methods on the high-temperature steam oxidation performance of C26M (Fe12Cr6Al2Mo in wt.%) were investigated. Three variants of C26M were manufactured: wrought (cast and forged) (WC26M), powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (PMC26M), and laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing (AMC26M). All three variants were exposed to steam at 1200°C for 2 h. Results showed no significant variation in mass change between the variants after steam exposure. All three variants effectively formed stable protective alumina films with ~0.6–1.3 µm thickness. This study suggests FeCrAl alloys have excellent resilience to high-temperature steam in nuclear reactor accident scenarios regardless of the fabrication method.
From past to present (for a better future): The moderating role of cognitive mindset on spillover effects in environmental behaviors
Authors: Spaccatini Federica , Riva Paolo , Richetin Juliette , Porcelli Egle , Pancani Luca , Capellini Roberta , Sacchi Simona 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResearch literature about the environmental spillover effect produced mixed results, revealing that an initial pro-environmental behavior (PEB) is likely to promote either other PEBs (i.e., positive spillover) or pro-environmental inactions and harming behaviors (i.e., negative spillover). Such inconsistency suggests a possible crucial role of moderating variables. In two experimental studies (N Study 1 = 141, N Study 2 = 124), we investigated whether the recall of past environmental behavior (water-saving vs. water-wasting) affects future intention to perform PEBs (Study 1) and actual PEBs (Study 2), depending on participants’ cognitive mindset (manipulated in Study 1 and measured in Study 2). Results showed that the cognitive mindset is a significant moderator of spillover effects. Compared to a holistic one, an analytical mindset is more likely to result in a greater willingness to engage in future PEBs (Study 1) and actual PEB (Study 2) when past PEB is salient. The main contributions of the studies, limitations and possible future research directions are discussed.
Relationship between Direct and Relational Bullying and Emotional Well-being among Adolescents: The role of Self-compassion
Authors: Múzquiz Juan , Pérez-García Ana M. , Bermúdez José 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe objectives of the present study were, first, to analyze the impact of direct and relational bullying on emotional well-being, and second to study if self-compassion could foster emotional well-being among those who suffer bullying. A sample composed of 433 adolescents (Mage = 13.28; SD = .72) answered two measures of direct and relational bullying based on the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire, the Self-Compassion Scale, and the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The results showed that being a victim of either relational or direct bullying was associated with lower scores in positive affect and negative affect, while direct bullying was only associated with negative affect. Self-compassion was a strong predictor of emotional well-being, and self-compassion was a partial mediator between being a victim of bullying (either relational or direct) and negative affect. This research adds evidence that self-compassion may be an important component in prevention and intervention programs with victims of bullying.
Surgery for ulcerative colitis complicated with colorectal cancer: when ileal pouch–anal anastomosis is the right choice
Authors: Tonelli Francesco , Di Martino Carmela , Amorosi Andrea , Mini Enrico , Nesi Gabriella 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPatients with ulcerative colitis (UC) are at risk of developing a colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to examine our experience in the treatment of ulcerative Colitis Cancer (CC), the role of the ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA), and the clinical outcome of the operated patients. Data from 417 patients operated on for ulcerative colitis were reviewed. Fifty-two (12%) were found to have carcinoma of the colon (n = 43) or the rectum (n = 9). The indication to surgery, the histopathological type, the cancer stage, the type of surgery, the oncologic outcome, and the functional result of IPAA were examined. The majority of the patients had a mucinous or signet-ring carcinoma. An advanced stage (III or IV) was present in 28% of the patients. Early (stage I or II) CC was found in all except one patient submitted to surgery for high-grade dysplasia, low-grade dysplasia, or refractory colitis. Thirty-nine (75%) of the 52 patients underwent IPAA, 10 patients were treated with a total abdominal proctocolectomy with terminal ileostomy. IPAA was possible in 6/9 rectal CC. Cumulative survival rate 5 and 10 years after surgery was 61% and 53%, respectively. The survival rate was significantly lower for mucinous or signet-ring carcinomas than for other adenocarcinoma. No significant differences of the functional results and quality of life were observed between IPAA patients aged less than or more than 65 years. Failure of the pouch occurred in 5 of 39 (12.8%) patients for cancer of the pouch (2 pts) or for tumoral recurrence at the pelvic or peritoneal level. Early surgery must be considered every time dysplasia is discovered in patients affected by UC. The advanced tumoral stage and the mucous or signet-ring hystotype influence negatively the response to therapy and the survival after surgery. IPAA can be proposed in the majority of the patients with a functional result similar to that of UC patients not affected by CC. Failures of IPAA for peritoneal recurrence or metachronous cancer of the pouch can be observed when CC is advanced, moucinous, localized in the distal rectum, or is associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Nanotechnological approaches for pentamidine delivery
Authors: Andreana Ilaria , Bincoletto Valeria , Milla Paola , Dosio Franco , Stella Barbara , Arpicco Silvia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPentamidine (PTM), which is a diamine that is widely known for its antimicrobial activity, is a very interesting drug whose mechanism of action is not fully understood. In recent years, PTM has been proposed as a novel potential drug candidate for the treatment of mental illnesses, myotonic dystrophy, diabetes, and tumors. Nevertheless, the systemic administration of PTM causes severe side effects, especially nephrotoxicity. In order to efficiently deliver PTM and reduce its side effects, several nanosystems that take advantage of the chemical characteristics of PTM, such as the presence of two positively charged amidine groups at physiological pH, have been proposed as useful delivery tools. Polymeric, lipidic, inorganic, and other types of nanocarriers have been reported in the literature for PTM delivery, and they are all in different development phases. The available approaches for the design of PTM nanoparticulate delivery systems are reported in this review, with a particular emphasis on formulation strategies and in vitro/in vivo applications. Furthermore, a critical view of the future developments of nanomedicine for PTM applications, based on recent repurposing studies, is provided.
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