bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A scoping review of outcomes commonly reported in obesity prevention interventions aiming to improve obesity‐related health behaviors in children to age 5 years
Authors: Brown Vicki , Moodie Marj , Sultana Marufa , Hunter Kylie E. , Byrne Rebecca , Zarnowiecki Dorota , Seidler Anna Lene , Golley Rebecca , Taylor Rachael W. , Hesketh Kylie D. , Matvienko‐Sikar Karen 
Published: February 2022

SummaryThis scoping review was undertaken as the first stage of development of the Core Outcome Sets for Early Prevention of Obesity in CHildhood (COS‐EPOCH). The aim of this review is to identify the outcomes collected and reported in randomized controlled trials of early childhood obesity prevention interventions. A systematic scoping review was undertaken following published guidelines. Trial registries and Medline were searched, and records retrieved were screened by two reviewers. Included trials aimed to prevent childhood obesity in the first 5 years of life and were randomized. Data were extracted using a standardized form. Outcomes were assigned to outcome domains, and similar definitions within each domain were merged, based on key literature and expert consensus. Outcome and domain frequencies were estimated and presented in outcome matrices. Eighteen outcome domains were identified from 161 included studies: “anthropometry,” “dietary intake,” “physical activity,” “sedentary behaviour,” “emotional functioning/wellbeing,” “feeding,” “cognitive/executive functioning,” “sleep,” “other,” “study‐related,” “parenting practices,” “motor skill development,” “environmental,” “blood and lymphatic system,” “perceptions and preferences,” “quality of life,” and “economic,” “oral health.” The most frequently reported outcome domain was anthropometry (92% of studies), followed by dietary intake (77%) and physical activity (60%). 221 unique outcomes were identified, indicating a high degree of heterogeneity. Body mass index was the only outcome reported in >50% of studies. The considerable heterogeneity in outcomes supports the need for the development of COS‐EPOCH.
Inhibition of Rgs10 aggravates periodontitis with collagen‐induced arthritis via the nuclear factor‐κB pathway
Authors: Chan Wei‐cheng , Tan Liangyu , Liu Jie , Yang Qin , Wang Jiajia , Wang Min , Yue Yuan , Hao Liang , Man Yi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the role of the Rgs10‐associated nuclear factor (NF)‐κB signalling pathway in periodontitis with rheumatoid arthritis.MethodsPorphyromonas gingivalis and collagen were locally applied to mice to establish in vivo periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis models, respectively. Both agents were administered together to establish the comorbid group. All models were treated with adeno‐associated virus‐green fluorescent protein (AAV‐GFP) or adeno‐associated virus small hairpin Rgs10 (AAV‐sh‐Rgs10). In vivo expression of Rgs10 and inflammatory cytokines was analysed, along with exploration of the NF‐κB signalling pathway in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated mouse‐derived RAW264.7 cells, with and without treatment of small interfering RNA (siRNA; Rgs10‐Mus‐MSS245072).ResultsIn the comorbidity mouse group (mice with both periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis), inhibition of Rgs10 exacerbated periodontitis, along with upregulation of phospho‐RelA (pP65), tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) expression in the NF‐κB signalling pathway. Similarly, treatment of LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells with siRNA resulted in the inhibition of Rgs10, along with upregulation of pP65, TNF‐α and IL‐6 expression in vitro.ConclusionInhibition of Rgs10 in mice with periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis can promote the progression of periodontitis, indicating the potential therapeutic role of Rgs10 in this condition.
Obesity and dyslipidemia predict cardiac allograft vasculopathy and graft loss in children and adolescents post‐heart transplant: A PHTS multi‐institutional analysis
Authors: Bogle Carmel , Cantor Ryan , Koehl Devin , Lochridge Jillien , Kirklin James K. , Barnes Aliessa , Wallis Gonzalo , Amdani Shahnawaz , Ameduri Rebecca , Pahl Elfriede , Simpson Kathleen E. , Blume Elizabeth D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundObesity and dyslipidemia afflict children of all ages. We explored the prevalence of obesity and dyslipidemia in pediatric heart transplant (HT) recipients and its effects on cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) and survival.MethodsThis study included primary HT recipients (≤18 years) transplanted between 01/1996 and 12/2018 included in the Pediatric Heart Transplant Society database. Obesity was categorized according to WHO/CDC guidelines and dyslipidemia according to the National Cholesterol Education Program. Kaplan–Meier analyses for CAV and graft loss stratified for BMI and lipid panels were generated and risk factors identified using multivariate analyses.ResultsAmong 6291 HT patients (median age [range] at HT = 4.3 [0.6–12.8] years; 45% Female; 68% White), 56% had a normal BMI at HT. Obese patients at HT had an increased risk for graft loss (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.01–1.4, p = .04). Poor total cholesterol (TC), LDL‐C, and TG were associated with the risk of both CAV (HR 1.79, p < .0001; HR 1.65, p = .0015; HR 1.53, p < .0001, respectively) and graft loss (HR 1.58, p = .0008; HR 1.22, p = .04; HR 1.43, p = .0007, respectively).ConclusionsPediatric patients who are obese at the time of HT and dyslipidemic at 1 year post‐HT are at an increased risk for CAV and graft loss. Preventative interventions may reduce morbidity and mortality among this cohort.
Bacterial community associated with the ambrosia beetle Platypus cylindrus on declining Quercus suber trees in the Alentejo region of Portugal
Authors: Nones Stefano , Fernandes Camila , Duarte Lídia , Cruz Leonor , Sousa Edmundo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn Portugal, the oak pinhole borer Platypus cylindrus and its mycobiota have been associated with cork oak (Quercus suber) death, but no knowledge exists regarding the associated bacterial community. However, it is known that some bacteria are important for ambrosia beetle symbiosis and play a role in oak tree health. To explore the bacteria associated with this beetle and its host, with the ultimate goal of highlighting potential roles in oak decline, this study used a culture‐dependent approach for strain isolation and phylogenetic identification using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA). The bored galleries of different cork oak trees from a cork stand in Alentejo, together with the body and mycangia of adult beetles, were investigated. The samples revealed a diverse community comprising 500 isolates with 64 distinct types of bacterial colonies. Sixty‐eight strains were selected for sequencing and used for phylogenetic analysis, 40 from wood galleries and 28 from beetles. Thirty‐two genera of bacteria were identified, 18 of which were described for the first time within oak–beetle interactions. Major taxonomic groups were Actinobacteria in beetles and Enterobacterales in wood galleries. Although specific oak bacterial pathogens were not detected, a group of distinct strains detected in wood galleries, potentially belonging to a new Pectobacteriaceae species, were able to produce mild symptoms on cork oak plantlets. This study reports for the first time the biodiversity of culturable bacteria associated with the Q. suber–P. cylindrus interaction, their relevance to both organisms and the possible contribution to oak decline.
Genetic resistance derived from Solanum pimpinellifolium AAU2019 is monogenic recessive to tomato leaf curl virus
Authors: Oladokun John O. , Barua Nagendra S. , Nath Palash D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTomato leaf curl disease is a severe threat to tomato production. Yield losses are generally high in the absence of effective management strategies. The disease is caused by tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) and is transmitted by a whitefly vector that is challenging to control. Resistance to ToLCV is absent from most cultivated tomato gene pools, although the use of resistant cultivars would provide a better control option than minimizing the vector population. Unfortunately, resistance sources based on field screening break down when virus pressure is severe. Our previous screening and virus testing of 40 tomato genotypes led to the identification of a highly resistant genotype, Solanum pimpinellifolium AAU2019, as a new source of resistance. In this study, we investigated the inheritance and genetics of resistance to ToLCV in the cross of Pusa Ruby × S. pimpinellifolium AAU2019 in F2 and BC1Ps populations, revealing a monogenic recessive gene (best‐fit ratios of resistance: susceptible to be 1:3 and 0:1) responsible for ToLCV resistance in S. pimpinellifolium AAU2019. Hence, S. pimpinellifolium AAU2019 could be considered as a potential donor parent in breeding programmes to develop tomato cultivars with resistance to ToLCV.
Interrelationships between exercise, functional connectivity, and cognition among healthy adults: A systematic review
Authors: Moore Damien , Jung Myungjin , Hillman Charles H. , Kang Minsoo , Loprinzi Paul D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe main purpose of this systematic review was to examine past literature focusing on the potential relationship between exercise (or physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness [CRF]) and functional brain connectivity in healthy adults. Among the studies meeting this purpose, we also evaluated studies investigating whether, and how, functional connectivity may influence the exercise–cognition relationship. A systematic review was employed through several electronic databases (PsychInfo, PubMed, and Google Scholar) in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The literature search identified 656 records, and a total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Among these 12 studies, there were 4, 7, and 1 study, respectively, examining the relationship between exercise and frontal lobe connectivity, temporal lobe connectivity, and whole‐brain connectivity. Also, 7 studies examined the relationship between functional connectivity and cognitive performance across multiple brain regions as a function of exercise. Existing literature suggests that CRF, habitual physical activity, and varying intensities of acute exercise can strengthen functional connections among a wide variety of regions and subcortical structures of the human brain. These exercise‐induced functional connectivity changes within and between specific brain structures/networks supporting cognitive processing may improve various domains of cognitive function. Given these complex associations, a thorough understanding of how functional connectivity plays a mediating role in the exercise–cognition interaction is needed in future studies.
Does rubber expansion hinder the migration of rural labor? Evidence from southwest China?
Authors: Yang Ningan , Ding Yawen , Min Shi , Bai Junfei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe expansion of agroforestry crops in South Asia has resulted in the reallocation of local agricultural resources, including labor force. Based on two‐wave panel data collected from more than 600 smallholder rubber farmers in southwest China, this study examines the impacts of rubber expansion on the migration of rural labor. The results show that smallholders planting more rubber plantations have significantly fewer migrant family members and lower likelihood of migration, revealing a significantly negative effect of rubber cultivation on the migration of rural labor. Given that the migration of rural labor is a major trend in rural economic transformation, rubber farming appears to result in the resource curse in rubber planting areas. In addition, a positive interaction effect between rubber cultivation and the price of natural rubber on the migration of rural labor reveals that the resource curse effect of natural rubber decreases with the decrease in the price of natural rubber. A period with a relatively low price of natural rubber provides an opportunity to foster the migration of rural labor in rubber planting areas.
Effectiveness of the Hunter Way Back Support Service: An historical controlled trial of a brief non‐clinical after‐care program for hospital‐treated deliberate self‐poisoning
Authors: McGill Katie , Whyte Ian M. , Sawyer Lisa , Adams Danielle , Delamothe Katrina , Lewin Terry J. , Robinson Jo , Kay‐Lambkin Frances J. , Carter Gregory L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionActive contact and follow‐up interventions have been shown to be effective in reducing repetition of hospital‐treated self‐harm. The Way Back Support Service (WBSS) is a new service funded by the Australian government to provide three months of non‐clinical after‐care following a hospital‐treated suicide attempt. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of WBSS in reducing deliberate self‐poisoning (DSP) and psychiatric hospital admissions over a 12‐month follow‐up period for a population of DSP patients within the Hunter (Australia) region.MethodsA non‐randomized, historical controlled (two periods) trial design with intention‐to‐treat analyses. Outcome data were drawn from hospital records.ResultsThere were a total of 2770 participants across study periods. There were no significant differences between cohorts for proportion with any, or number of, re‐admissions for DSP in the follow‐up period. For psychiatric admissions, the intervention cohort had a non‐significantly greater proportion with any psychiatric admission and significantly more admissions compared to one of the control cohorts.ConclusionThe WBSS model of care should be modified to strengthen treatment engagement and retention and to include established, clinical, evidence‐based treatments shown to reduce DSP repetition. Any modified WBSS model should be subject to further evaluation.
Questing Ixodes ricinus ticks and Borrelia spp. in urban green space across Europe: A review
Authors: Hansford Kayleigh M. , Wheeler Benedict W. , Tschirren Barbara , Medlock Jolyon M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFor more than three decades, it has been recognized that Ixodes ricinus ticks occur in urban green space in Europe and that they harbour multiple pathogens linked to both human and animal diseases. Urban green space use for health and well‐being, climate mitigation or biodiversity goals is promoted, often without consideration for the potential impact on tick encounters or tick‐borne disease outcomes. This review synthesizes the results of over 100 publications on questing I. ricinus and Borrelia spp. infections in ticks in urban green space in 24 European countries. It presents data on several risk indicators for Lyme borreliosis and highlights key research gaps and recommendations for future studies. Across Europe, mean density of I. ricinus in urban green space was 6.9 (range; 0.1–28.8) per 100 m2 and mean Borrelia prevalence was 17.3% (range; 3.1%–38.1%). Similar density estimates were obtained for nymphs, which had a Borrelia prevalence of 14.2% (range; 0.5%–86.7%). Few studies provided data on both questing nymph density and Borrelia prevalence, but those that did found an average of 1.7 (range; 0–5.6) Borrelia‐infected nymphs per 100 m2 of urban green space. Although a wide range of genospecies were reported, Borrelia afzelii was the most common in most parts of Europe, except for England where B. garinii was more common. The emerging pathogen Borrelia miyamotoi was also found in several countries, but with a much lower prevalence (1.5%). Our review highlights that I. ricinus and tick‐borne Borrelia pathogens are found in a wide range of urban green space habitats and across several seasons. The impact of human exposure to I. ricinus and subsequent Lyme borreliosis incidence in urban green space has not been quantified. There is also a need to standardize sampling protocols to generate better baseline data for the density of ticks and Borrelia prevalence in urban areas.
The PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody–Anticalin Fusion Protein PRS-344/S095012 Elicits Strong T-Cell Stimulation in a Tumor-Localized Manner
Authors: Peper-Gabriel Janet K. , Pavlidou Marina , Pattarini Lucia , Morales-Kastresana Aizea , Jaquin Thomas J. , Gallou Catherine , Hansbauer Eva-Maria , Richter Marleen , Lelievre Helene , Scholer-Dahirel Alix , Bossenmaier Birgit , Sancerne Celine , Riviere Matthieu , Grandclaudon Maximilien , Zettl Markus , Bel Aiba Rachida S. , Rothe Christine , Blanc Veronique , Olwill Shane A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurpose:While patients responding to checkpoint blockade often achieve remarkable clinical responses, there is still significant unmet need due to resistant or refractory tumors. A combination of checkpoint blockade with further T-cell stimulation mediated by 4-1BB agonism may increase response rates and durability of response. A bispecific molecule that blocks the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis and localizes 4-1BB costimulation to a PD-L1–positive (PD-L1+) tumor microenvironment (TME) or tumor draining lymph nodes could maximize antitumor immunity and increase the therapeutic window beyond what has been reported for anti–4-1BB mAbs.Experimental Design:We generated and characterized the PD-L1/4-1BB bispecific molecule PRS-344/S095012 for target binding and functional activity in multiple relevant in vitro assays. Transgenic mice expressing human 4-1BB were transplanted with human PD-L1–expressing murine MC38 cells to assess in vivo antitumoral activity.Results:PRS-344/S095012 bound to its targets with high affinity and efficiently blocked the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, and PRS-344/S095012-mediated 4-1BB costimulation was strictly PD-L1 dependent. We demonstrated a synergistic effect of both pathways on T-cell stimulation with the bispecific PRS-344/S095012 being more potent than the combination of mAbs. PRS-344/S095012 augmented CD4-positive (CD4+) and CD8-positive (CD8+) T-cell effector functions and enhanced antigen-specific T-cell stimulation. Finally, PRS-344/S095012 demonstrated strong antitumoral efficacy in an anti–PD-L1–resistant mouse model in which soluble 4-1BB was detected as an early marker for 4-1BB agonist activity.Conclusions:The PD-L1/4-1BB bispecific PRS-344/S095012 efficiently combines checkpoint blockade with a tumor-localized 4-1BB–mediated stimulation burst to antigen-specific T cells, more potent than the combination of mAbs, supporting the advancement of PRS-344/S095012 toward clinical development.See related commentary by Shu et al., p. 3182
Immunotherapy for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: Facts and Hopes
Authors: Shalhout Sophia Z. , Kaufman Howard L. , Emerick Kevin S. , Miller David M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in humans, representing a broad range of cutaneous tumors. Keratinocyte carcinomas, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), are the most common NMSCs. The incidence of BCC and CSCC is steadily increasing due to a progressively aging population, chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and increased awareness with earlier diagnosis. Rarer NMSCs, such as Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) and cutaneous adnexal carcinomas, are also on the rise. Although the majority of NMSC tumors are localized at diagnosis and managed effectively with curative surgery and radiation, in rare cases with nodal and distant metastases, systemic therapy is often required. As our understanding of the immunologic characteristics of NMSCs has improved, effective treatment options have expanded with the development of immunotherapy. The FDA recently approved several immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic MCC, CSCC, and BCC. We review the emerging role of immunotherapy as the standard of care for several advanced NMSCs not amenable to surgery and/or radiation and underscore the need for considering clinical trials of novel strategies in patients when immunotherapy does not provide durable benefit. Finally, we explore the potential of neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapy.
Dummy Text ou a Base Diagramática da Arquitetura Contemporânea
Authors: D'Angelis Camilo Kolomi Veiga , Moreno Sperling David 
Published: February 2022

Tradução para o português de Dummy Text, de Robert Somol, texto de abertura do livro Diagram Diaries (1999), de Peter Eisenman, que explora o contexto da produção teórica e da obra do arquiteto ao longo dos quase 40 anos que separam a apresentação da sua tese de doutorado em filosofia (Trinity College, University of Cambridge, 1963) da publicação do livro.
Aprender a Reutilizar a Modernidade
Authors: Moniz Gonçalo Canto , Canziani Andrea , Quiroga Carolina 
Published: February 2022

Três décadas após a fundação da DOCOMOMO[1], a educação continua a ser uma questão essencial quando se pensa sobre o futuro da herança moderna, mas hoje exige-se uma reflexão crítica sobre as mudanças conceituais e metodológicas que precisamos para enfrentar no atual contexto de complexidade.
Arquitetura moderna está agora a atravessar um momento paradigmático, não só por causa de sua degradação inevitável, mas por causa do impacto dos novos cenários que nos obrigam a repensar a sua conservação e reutilização considerando tanto sua condição construtiva especial como a sua funcionalidade específica, assim como o seu papel na memória coletiva, como recente herança. O ensino do projeto de arquitetura deve resolver estas questões críticas como um objetivo estratégico que antecipa uma prática profissional mais adequada.
A conservação e a reutilização de edifícios modernos ainda estão fora da maioria das escolas de arquitetura. Assim, este texto apresenta três experiências didáticas diversas e complementares desenvolvidas na Europa e na América do Sul: Projeto Consciente para atualizar bairros habitacionais coletivos (Politecnico di Milano, Itália), re-design experimental para integrar casas individuais modernas na vida contemporânea (Universidade de Belgrano, Argentina) e projeto participativo para abrir à comunidade uma escola moderna (Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal). Estes casos de estudo destacam a importância de confrontar os alunos com a história e a memória, e sua importância para a reutilização de edifícios aparentemente comuns e não só para os monumentos emblemáticos modernos.
[1] O DOCOMOMO, Documentação e Conservação do Movimento Moderno, é uma associação sem fins lucrativos criada em 1988 na Holanda com o objetivo de criar um espaço de troca de ideias sobre a conservação, a história e a educação da Arquitetura Moderna. Atualmente está sediada em Lisboa, sob a presidência da Professora Ana Tostões.
Megaeventos: a arquitetura do espetáculo e o espetáculo da arquitetura
Authors: Paiva Ricardo Alexandre 
Published: February 2022

Este artigo consiste em uma reflexão teórica e crítica sobre a relação entre a arquitetura e o espetáculo, enfatizando sua relação com os megaeventos desde o advento da modernidade. Assim, parte-se do pressuposto que a arquitetura produz e reproduz o atual processo de espetacularização da cultura por meio da exacerbação da valorização da imagem, suscitados em grande medida pelo caráter midiático dos megaeventos. A relevância do trabalho se sustenta na necessidade de compreender o significado da arquitetura e o papel dos arquitetos no contexto das práticas sociais (econômicas, políticas e simbólicas) e espaciais dos megaeventos na contemporaneidade.