bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infant AFAR: Automated facial action recognition in infants
Authors: Onal Ertugrul Itir , Ahn Yeojin Amy , Bilalpur Maneesh , Messinger Daniel S. , Speltz Matthew L. , Cohn Jeffrey F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAutomated detection of facial action units in infants is challenging. Infant faces have different proportions, less texture, fewer wrinkles and furrows, and unique facial actions relative to adults. For these and related reasons, action unit (AU) detectors that are trained on adult faces may generalize poorly to infant faces. To train and test AU detectors for infant faces, we trained convolutional neural networks (CNN) in adult video databases and fine-tuned these networks in two large, manually annotated, infant video databases that differ in context, head pose, illumination, video resolution, and infant age. AUs were those central to expression of positive and negative emotion. AU detectors trained in infants greatly outperformed ones trained previously in adults. Training AU detectors across infant databases afforded greater robustness to between-database differences than did training database specific AU detectors and outperformed previous state-of-the-art in infant AU detection. The resulting AU detection system, which we refer to as Infant AFAR (Automated Facial Action Recognition), is available to the research community for further testing and applications in infant emotion, social interaction, and related topics.
Nurses' Awareness, Perceived Knowledge, Attitude Towards and Barriers in Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)
Authors: Catu Louie Roy 
Published: May 2022

Background: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is one strategy that enables clinicians to succeed in handling emerging literature, and integrating it to achieve high-quality patient outcomes. Although beneficial and innovative it is not considered a priority by many. Most nurses have little, if any, exposure to the clinical research process.
Purpose: This study aimed to conduct a baseline assessment of perceived knowledge, attitude toward EBP, and barriers to adopting EBP in nursing.
Methods: The study used a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative design. A convenient sample of 406 nurses participated and completed the EBP questionnaire. For ethical clearance, granted approval from Hospitals’ Research Ethics Committee and to HAU-IRB.
Results: Nurses (n = 156, 38.4%) believes that EBP holistically is composed of patient data and preference, healthcare professionals’ skills, and research findings. They (n = 256, 63%) have a positive attitude towards EBP and are willing to accept new healthcare strategies based on research. But expresses less confidence (M = 3.90, SD = 0.64) in identifying clinical issues/problems and translate these into a well-crafted clinical question. They perceived themselves to possess moderate levels of skills to undertake different EBP activities (M = 3.76, SD = 0.61). Knowledge (x(4) = 12.174, p = 0.02), attitudes toward EBP (U = 13947.5, p = 0.04) were significantly better among nurses who had previous EBP training. Similarly, respondents with EBP-related training are more confident in integrating EBP into their practice (U = 13408, p = 0.01).
Conclusion: Nurses’ highest level of education and years of clinical experience affects their implementation skills in adopting EBP. The study reflected the benefits of training, continuing education, and length of experience in the acquisition of skills. Findings can serve as a basis for developing programs to improve nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards EBP. Nurse administrators can create policies that address barriers identified in the study.
Understanding Academic Bullying in an Online Environment as Uncaring Encounter
Authors: Martinez Rudolf Cymorr Kirby , Cabale Walter Jerome 
Published: May 2022

Background and Objective: The shift to an online from the face-to-face system of pedagogy among Higher educational institutions in the Philippines as a mode of adaptation to the current pandemic has inevitably produced varied set-back among its members, one of which is online bullying. This study. This study, grounded on Halldorsdottir's (1996) theory, explored the structure of bullying, taken as an uncaring encounter, in an online environment within the academic setting.
Methods: Six participants, recruited via a combination of snowball and referral system, were selected based on the following preset criteria: (1) They are nursing students exposed to the online educational system platform for at least one semester and are currently enrolled with at least 18 units (2) They are enrolled in the institution for at least a year at the time of the interview (3) They have witnessed and /or were participants to what they deemed as bullying incident during their online educational experience at least twice, (4) They are willing to express and share their experiences. Narratives from the participants were gathered via two methods: 1) In-depth individual interviews and 2) Storytelling sessions. These narratives were later analyzed using thematic analysis to present the structure of bullying through its expressions, nature, and essence.
Results: From the analysis of the participants' individual experiences, four recurring patterns were gleaned, namely, 1.) Borderless boundaries: the perceived extent of bullying, 2.) Apathetic bystanders as enablers of bullying, 3.) Misplaced empowerment: role assumption in bullying, 4.) Obfuscated reality: The online environment. The essence, "Indifference: The prime ingredient of uncaring," was gathered from these patterns. The patterns gleaned from the narratives posited that bullying, seen as an uncaring encounter, in an online environment on the academic setting is borderless occurring within an obfuscated digital environment, involving apathetic bystanders where the bullied may unconsciously assume the role of the bully in a seemingly apparent role reversal. Primordial to these encounters is the assumption of being indifferent.
Implications: The need for policies and programs that foster empathy and compassion among all academic community members and continued support for students experiencing and witnessing bullying are implied from the findings of this study.
Legal regime of NFT (non-fungible token) in Russia: How to work in the absence of special legislative regulation?
Authors: Brisov Y. V. , Pobedkin A. A. 
Published: May 2022

The year 2021 was a turning point in the development of digital art. The widespread use of a non-fungible tokens (NFT) in the art industry has revolutionized the modern understanding of intellectual property rights (hereinafter — IPR) and the transfer of IPR.The role of agents as intermediaries between artists and art connoisseurs lost its importance, and so did the role of streaming services. Blockchain technology rewards creators for the sales of works on the secondary market and their subsequent use.Today everyone heard of NFT. Nevertheless, what we know about NFT now is just the tip of the iceberg. The potential market for NFT is enormous: it goes far beyond the visual arts. It will only be a few years before we realize all the possibilities that NFT brings to the table.The importance of an excellent legal framework for NFT is apparent. However, as it may seem, Russian legislation bypasses this aspect. Hence, is it possible to work with NFT in Russia? The answer to this question is significant for many who wish to be part of the international NFT market, such as museums, galleries, artists, musicians, entrepreneurs.The purpose of the work is to substantiate the possibility of working with NFT in Russia in the absence of special legal regulation.The authors, using systematic, deductive and comparative research methods, designate the place of NFT in the system of legislative regulation of digital assets. Using an empirical method, the authors demonstrate the feasibility of overcoming the legal hardships of NFT transactions in Russia on the examples of successful projects of tokenization of masterpieces of the State Hermitage Museum, works of other museums, private collections, and creations by young Russian artists.The result of the work is the justification of the feasibility of working with NFT in Russia in the absence of special legal regulation and the formation of such a model for structuring transactions with NFT, which fully complies with the requirements of Russian legislation.The materials of the research used domestic and foreign experience of tokenization of digital art objects, as well as domestic and foreign literature on legal problems of NFT.
Interferon gamma release assay post BCG among newborns and family members living in a crowded area in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Srioetami Tanoerahardjo Francisca , Rooslamiati Indri , Kipuw Natalie , Hadiyanto  , Ali Soegianto , Sahiratmadja Edhyana 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: BCG vaccine is a mandatory for newborn in Indonesia, an endemic tuberculosis (TB) country that ranks second worldwide. A close contact with untreated active pulmonary TB individuals in a crowded area may result in TB disease or otherwise develop a latent TB infection (LTBI), as shown by positive result of interferon gamma release assay (IGRA).
Objective: To explore LTBI among newborns and their family members living in a crowded area in Jakarta, Indonesia.
Methodology: A prospective analytical study was conducted among newborns between October 2016 and March 2017. IGRA was examined before BCG vaccination and after 12 weeks. In parallel, TB active case finding was performed among family members of the newborns.
Results: Out of 135 newborns, only 117 (86.7%) came for BCG vaccination. Of 346 family members screened, 8 (2.3%) were detected as untreated active pulmonary TB, confirmed by positive sputum and/or MTB culture. Family members living in the same house with active TB individuals (p = 0.011, OR 2.69) as well as being males (p = 0.025, OR 1.68) had a significant higher risk of having a positive IGRA.
Conclusions: Untreated pulmonary TB infection in a crowded area infects the surrounding neighbors, resulting in latent TB infection. An active program for detecting pulmonary TB cases and preventive measures need to be taken seriously to contain the potential spread of the infection.
Le rail, locomotive de la mobilité future en Europe ?
Authors: Vieilledent Catherine 
Published: May 2022

Avec le Pacte vert lancé en 2019, puis le « paquet climat » de 2021, l’Union européenne affiche de grandes ambitions sur le plan environnemental, notamment celle d’atteindre la neutralité carbone à l’horizon 2050, avec un objectif intermédiaire de baisse de ses émissions de gaz à effet de serre de 55 % d’ici 2030. Pour ce faire, certains secteurs sont particulièrement stratégiques, à commencer par celui des transports puisque c’est le premier secteur émetteur de gaz à effet de serre de l’Union (plus de 25 % du total). Or, pour décarboner ce secteur, il faut miser avant tout sur les transports collectifs et les moins émetteurs, parmi lesquels le rail occupe une place privilégiée mais insuffisamment soutenue par les politiques et investisseurs européens. Alors que l’Année européenne du rail s’est achevée fin 2021, Catherine Vieilledent montre ici comment a évolué la politique européenne en matière ferroviaire ces dernières décennies, le retard pris alors que le rail pourrait jouer un rôle moteur dans la stratégie environnementale de l’Union ; elle souligne les atouts des transports ferroviaires intraeuropéens (de voyageurs comme de marchandises) et l’importance d’un rééquilibrage dans les modes de transport (en vue d’inciter à un report modal). Elle plaide ainsi pour que soit achevé au plus vite le réseau de transport ferroviaire transeuropéen, élément essentiel de la « mobilité durable et résiliente » sur le Vieux Continent. S.D .
Les soins et services aux personnes âgées au Québec
Authors: Hébert Réjean 
Published: May 2022

Le Québec présente un vieillissement accéléré de sa population. Son système de soins, élaboré dans les années soixante, est de type beveridgien financé par les impôts et dont les prestataires sont surtout des organisations publiques. Le Québec compte plusieurs atouts pour répondre aux besoins d’une population âgée : intégration du sanitaire et du social, établissements publics dédiés aux services de première ligne et aux soins à domicile (CLSC), mécanisme d’intégration des services éprouvé. Cependant, au cours des vingt dernières années, des réformes de structures successives ont créé des établissements régionaux regroupant toutes les missions de santé et services sociaux autour des hôpitaux. Ces réformes ont marginalisé les services aux personnes âgées et, paradoxalement, fragilisé les mécanismes d’intégration des services. La pandémie a illustré de façon tragique la nécessité d’améliorer les services aux personnes âgées à domicile et en institutions, de décentraliser les structures et de réformer le financement des services de longue durée.
Faire l’histoire de la bande dessinée à travers les archives éditoriales
Authors: Moine Florian 
Published: May 2022

Cédées aux Archives de l’État belge à Tournai en 2008, les archives de l’entreprise d’édition et d’imprimerie Casterman conservent de nombreuses traces (correspondance, catalogues, statistiques de ventes, etc.) relatives à la production d’un acteur majeur de la bande dessinée francophone. Si l’absence d’inventaire rend plus difficile le travail de l’historien, l’investigation de ces archives offre une fenêtre pour comprendre les mutations du marché de la bande dessinée. En effet, les archives Casterman mettent en évidence le rôle de l’éditeur dans la construction et le succès des Aventures de Tintin d’Hergé. Ces archives éclairent également les motifs du virage de Casterman vers la bande dessinée pour adultes avec le lancement d’ (À Suivre ) en 1978 et donnent à voir le modèle économique de la revue.
Accuracy of the Goggin Nomogram for 0.50 D Steps in Toric IOL Cylinder Power Calculation
Authors: Chen Tony S. , LaHood Benjamin R. , Esterman Adrian , Goggin Michael 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE:
To examine the accuracy of the cylinder power choice for toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) using the Goggin Nomogram, which adjusts anterior keratometric astigmatic power values for the likely effect of posterior corneal and non-corneal, non-lenticular astigmatism.

METHODS:
A consecutive, retrospective case series was based at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital and Ashford Advanced Eye Care in Adelaide, Australia. A total of 586 consecutive eyes of 586 patients underwent phacoemulsification surgery with implantation of a Zeiss AT TORBI 709MP or AT LISA Tri Toric 939 MP toric IOL, calculated using the Goggin Nomogram. The median absolute magnitude of error and geometric mean astigmatic correction index in consecutive eyes with toric IOL cylinder powers of 1.00 to 3.00 diopters (D) were analyzed.

RESULTS:
Overall, all eyes receiving IOL cylinder powers of 1.00 to 3.00 D inclusive had a median magnitude of error value of 0.19 D (IQR: 0.31) and astigmatic correction index value of 1.03 (IQR: 0.33). For eyes with with-the-rule, against-the-rule, and oblique astigmatism, the median magnitude of error was 0.18 D (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.29), 0.19 D (IQR: 0.31), and 0.17 D (IQR: 0.39), respectively, and the astigmatic correction index was 1.06 (IQR: 0.28), 1.01 (IQR: 0.35) and 1.08 (IQR: 0.32), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Goggin Nomogram adjusted keratometry provided optimal refractive astigmatic outcome in IOL cylinder powers of 1.00 to 3.00 D in eyes with with-the-rule, against-the-rule, and oblique astigmatism. Goggin Nomogram adjusted keratometry compensates for both posterior corneal astigmatism and any other source of ocular astigmatism.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(5):298–303.]
Artificial Intelligence Integrated Social Distancing Analyzer using Deep Neural Nets
Authors: Smith Luren 
Published: May 2022

Corona Virus Disease (COVID) has so far infected millions of individuals, claiming the lives of tens of thousands. Italy and the United States, two major international powers, are particularly hard hit, with millions of people dead per day. For nations like as India, France, Germany and Spain, Corona has wreaked havoc on the global economy. Throughout the globe, this devastation has been inflicted by this catastrophic virus. After the lockdown limitations have been relaxed, it is necessary to guarantee that social distance is practised at the locations since no treatment has been identified thus far. After the lockdown restrictions were relaxed in countries like India, where fewer instances were recorded, the nation saw an increase in cases. Implementation of social distancing systems is the topic of this study, which employs sophisticated libraries to keep track of the distance between people in real time and implement the system. Deploying deep learning and Raspberry Pi, we want to change the system of social distance by using a small number of sensors to acquire real-time data.
Corona Virus Disease (COVID) has so far infected millions of individuals, claiming the lives of tens of thousands. Italy and the United States, two major international powers, are particularly hard hit, with millions of people dead per day. For nations like India, France, Germany, and Spain, Corona has wreaked havoc on the global economy. Throughout the globe, this devastation has been inflicted by this catastrophic virus. After the lockdown limitations have been relaxed, it is necessary to guarantee that social distance is practiced at the locations since no treatment has been identified thus far. After the lockdown restrictions were relaxed in countries like India, where fewer instances were recorded, the nation saw an increase in cases. Implementation of social distancing systems is the topic of this study, which employs sophisticated libraries to keep track of the distance between people in real-time and implement the system. Deploying deep learning and Raspberry Pi, we want to change the system of social distance by using a small number of sensors to acquire real-time data.
Nutritional Impact of Millet-based Foods on Pregnant and Nursing Women from Anganwadi Centers in Mahabubnagar
Authors: Sharat Devulapalli Dhruthi , Gokhale Devaki 
Published: May 2022

Background:
In 1975, the Government of India initiated the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme. The Supplementary Nutrition Program (SNP) under the ICDS provides meals to pregnant and nursing women at Anganwadi centres (AWCs) to improve their nutritional status.

Aim:
The current interventional study focused on identifying nutritional impact of millet-based foods (such as millet health mix, millet energy bars, finger millet cutlets, and finger millet biscuits) pre- and postintervention on weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), and hemoglobin of pregnant women and nursing mothers.

Methods:
Pregnant (n = 22) and nursing women (n = 16) from four AWCs of Gangapur village, Mahabubnagar, Telangana voluntarily participated in this study. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS and P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The mean weight gain for pregnant women was 3.63 ± 5.29 kg with mean hemoglobin improvement of 0.5 ± 1.30 g/dL. Similarly, the mean weight gain for nursing women was 3.0 ± 6.00 kg and mean hemoglobin improvement of 0.9 ± 1.60 g/dL. A paired t test analysis revealed statistically significant change in weight (P = 0.001, P = 0.002) and BMI (P = 0.001, P =0.004) pre- and postintervention at 95% CI, indicating a positive impact of these millet-based foods on weight and BMI.

Conclusion:
Since these millet-based foods have a positive impact on the nutritional status of pregnant women, it is recommended that these foods be incorporated into the SNP Program for ICDS beneficiaries.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anxiety and Depression among Medical Interns during the Third Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Oman
Authors: Al-Mahrouqi Tamadhir , Kamal Manar Ahmed , Elsayed Mohamed , Al-Sinawi Hamed 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
Medical interns were among the frontline healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and represented a special group of key workers. They were both learners and care providers, experiencing great challenges during the pandemic. This study examined the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among Omani medical interns during the COVID-19 pandemic and determined the independent predictors of depression and anxiety among the study sample.

Methods:
This online cross-sectional study was conducted among a random sample of Omani medical interns from 2020 to 2021, using a self-reported questionnaire that included the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) information related to vaccination status and caring for patients with COVID-19.

Results:
A total of 193 interns participated in this study (81% females). The median age was 26 years. Female participants scored higher for both anxiety (P = 0.200) and depression scales (P = 0.183). Most of the participants (143, 74.1%) had a negative result following testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with significant association with vaccination status (P = 0.004), especially for participants who had taken the first dose (51%). Participants who had the first dose of the vaccine significantly tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (P = 0.053) compared to participants who had not had the vaccine. The GAD-7 and PHQ-9 showed that 150 (79%) and 91 (47%) participants had mild to severe anxiety and depression.

Conclusion:
The COVID-19 pandemic has directly contributed to the development of psychologic distress among medical interns, which can lead to adverse outcomes. This study emphasizes the importance of including disaster management and psychologic well-being training program during the internship to help medical interns better cope in crises, such as a pandemic.
Communication between Adolescents and their Parents on Sexual Risk-Taking Behaviours and Facilitating factors in Rwanda
Authors: Nyirandegeya Jacqueline , Rugema Joselyne , Katende Godfrey 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundYounger generation engages in sexual activities that often result in early pregnancies, unsafe abortions, sexual abuse, and sexually transmitted infections. Parent-adolescent communication could be a sustainable solution to improved adolescent reproductive health.ObjectiveTo determine factors facilitating adolescent communication with the parents on sexual risk-taking behaviours.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used with a sample of 199 adolescents. A self-administered questionnaire through a simple random sampling technique was employed, and participation was voluntary. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (IBM-Version 21). ResultsThe adolescents who never spoke to their mothers on sexual risk activities were 20.1%. The factors that facilitated adolescent communication with their parents about sex risk behaviours were: age of adolescents (r = -0.166, p = 0.023), living arrangement of adolescents (r = 0.147, p = 0.045), Having home mate brothers and sisters (r = 0.142, p = 0.05) and living with grandparents (r = 0.220, p = 0.003). ConclusionParents’ time to interact with their adolescent children was insufficient. There are numerous factors that positively and negatively influence parent-adolescent communication on sexual risk behaviors. General communication was found to be an important facet and a strategy to conveying reproductive and sexual issues to adolescents by the parents
Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(1):20-33