bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of dilution on arterial-phase artifacts and signal intensity on gadoxetic acid–enhanced liver MRI
Authors: Poetter-Lang Sarah , Dovjak Gregor O. , Messner Alina , Ambros Raphael , Polanec Stephan H. , Baltzer Pascal A. T. , Kristic Antonia , Herold Alexander , Hodge Jacqueline C. , Weber Michael , Bastati Nina , Ba-Ssalamah Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the effect of saline-diluted gadoxetic acid, done for arterial-phase (AP) artifact reduction, on signal intensity (SI), and hence focal lesion conspicuity on MR imaging.

Methods
We retrospectively examined 112 patients who each had at least two serial gadoxetic acid–enhanced liver MRIs performed at 1 ml/s, first with non-diluted (ND), then with 1:1 saline-diluted (D) contrast. Two blinded readers independently analyzed the artifacts and graded dynamic images using a 5-point scale. The absolute SI of liver parenchyma, focal liver lesions (if present), aorta, and portal vein at the level of the celiac trunk and the SI of the paraspinal muscle were measured in all phases. The signal-to-norm (SINorm) of the vascular structures, hepatic parenchyma and focal lesions, and the contrast-to-norm (CNorm) of focal liver lesions were calculated.

Results
AP artifacts were significantly reduced with dilution. Mean absolute contrast-enhanced liver SI was significantly higher on the D exams compared to the ND exams. Likewise, SINorm of liver parenchyma was significantly higher in all contrast-enhanced phases except transitional phase on the D exams. SINorm values in the AP for the aorta and in the PVP for portal vein were significantly higher on the diluted exams. The CNorm was not significantly different between ND and D exams for lesions in any imaging phase. The interclass correlation coefficient was excellent (0.89).

Conclusion
Gadoxetic acid dilution injected at 1ml/s produces images with significantly fewer AP artifacts but no significant loss in SINorm or CNorm compared to standard non-diluted images.

Key Points
• Diluted gadoxetic acid at slow injection (1 ml/s) yielded images with higher SINormof the liver parenchyma and preservedCNormfor focal liver lesions.
• Gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI injected at 1 ml/s is associated with arterial-phase (AP) artifacts in 31% of exams, which maydegrade image quality and limits focal liver lesion detection.
• Saline dilution of gadoxetic acid 1:1 combined with a slow injection rate of 1 ml/s significantly reduced AP artifacts from 31 to 9% and non-diagnostic AP artifacts from 16 to 1%.
Workplace mistreatment and insomnia: a prospective study of child welfare workers
Authors: Nielsen Morten Birkeland , Parveen Sana , Finne Live Bakke 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study examines how workplace mistreatment relates to insomnia among child welfare workers. The main aim was to determine the impact of three different forms of mistreatment, namely client perpetrated violence, cyber harassment, and colleague perpetrated bullying, on changes in levels of insomnia over time. A secondary aim was to examine whether these three forms of mistreatment represent overlapping or distinct and unique phenomena.

Methods
The study was based on a probability sampled prospective survey of 424 Norwegian child welfare workers. Time lag between baseline and follow-up was six months. A confirmatory factor analysis determined the dimensionality of the indicators of mistreatment. TwoStep cluster analysis was used to examine patterns of exposure. Between and within group changes in insomnia was determined with linear regression analyses and repeated measures ANOVA. Dominance analysis was used to investigate the relative impact the predictor variables had on insomnia.

Results
Client perpetrated violence and colleague perpetrated bullying were associated with increased levels of insomnia over time. Exposure to bullying was established as the most prominent predictor. Client perpetrated violence, cyber harassment, and colleague perpetrated bullying represent unique and distinct constructs. Child welfare workers mainly report exposure to one form of mistreatment rather than a combination of different types.

Conclusions
Client perpetrated violence and colleague perpetrated bullying were established as risk factors for insomnia among child welfare workers. Employers and human resource personnel should prioritize developing effective primary, secondary, and tertiary strategies to prevent and handle these hazards and thereby reduce the risk of insomnia among workers.
Application of the prenatal BACs-on-Beads™ assay for rapid prenatal detection of sex chromosome mosaicism
Authors: Zhang Min , Chen LingJi , Chen Meihuan , Wang Yan , Liang Bin , Lin Na , Wu Xiaoqing , Wang Linshuo , Xu Liangpu , Huang Hailong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe prenatal BACs-on-Beads™ (BoBs) assay was introduced for rapid detection of abnormalities of chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y and specific nine significant microdeletion syndromes. The ability of prenatal BoBs to detect mosaicism ranged from 20 to 40%. However, there have been no prenatal studies of sex chromosome mosaicism in prenatal BoBs. Therefore, the present study was performed with an aim to uncover the detection level of sex chromosome mosaicism that application of prenatal BoBs assay, and then to assess the sensitivity of prenatal BoBs assay, thereby improving the prenatal diagnostic accuracy. A total of 31 samples of amniotic fluid (AF) and umbilical cord blood (UCB) for prenatal diagnosis were collected, and the results were confirmed through karyotyping, single nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP-array) and copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq). 23 cases of sex chromosome mosaicism were prompted abnormal by prenatal BoBs, the minimum detection level of mosaicism was about 6% as detected by karyotype. The overall sensitivity of prenatal BoBs in the detection of sex chromosome mosaicism was 74.2% (23/31). This study evaluated the effectiveness of prenatal BoBs for detecting sex chromosome mosaicism in prenatal diagnosis, and the results will provide valuable information for genetic counseling.
Oral health status among 60-year-old individuals born in 1941–1943 and 1954–1955 and 81-year-old individuals born in 1922–1924 and 1933–1934, respectively: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Critén Sladjana , Andersson Pia , Renvert Stefan , Götrick Bengt , Berglund Johan Sanmartin , Bengtsson Viveca Wallin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to analyze the oral health status of four different birth cohorts: two cohorts of 60-year-olds born in 1941–1943 and 1954–1955 and 2 cohorts of 81-year-olds born in 1920–1922 and 1933–1934.

Material and methods
The study was based on data from an ongoing longitudinal population project, The Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC). Oral health status was repeatedly examined clinically and radiographically in 2001–2003 and 2014–2015, including 60- and 81-year-olds, in total 412 individuals. Statistical analyses were performed using independent-samples t test and Pearson’s χ2 test.

Results
More individuals were dentate in 2014–2015 compared to 2001–2003 in the two age groups: 60 and 81 years (p < 0.001 for both). The mean number of teeth increased in the 60-year-olds from 24.2 to 27.0 and in the 81-year-olds from 14.3 to 20.2. The numbers of at least one intact tooth increased for both age groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.004, respectively). In the age groups 81 years, there was an increase in having at least one PPD ≥ 6 mm (p < 0.016) and bone loss ≥ 5 mm (p < 0.029) between the two examinations. No such differences were found in the age groups of 60 years.

Conclusion
Over 13 years, oral health improved for both 60- and 81-year-old age groups. The most significant changes were in the 81-year-olds where oral health had improved except for periodontal status.

Clinical relevance
More natural teeth and impaired periodontal status potentially impact oral health and should increase focus on preventive and supportive dental care in older individuals.
Knowledge systems approaches for enhancing project impacts in complex settings: community fire management and peatland restoration in Indonesia
Authors: Robins Lisa , van Kerkhoff Lorrae , Rochmayanto Yanto , Sakuntaladewi Niken , Agrawal Sumali 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Knowledge systems approaches for enhancing the impact of research are well established and tend to focus on the ways in which researchers can adapt their engagement with stakeholders to achieve a better “fit” between research and action agendas. Yet, these approaches are often based on explicit or implicit assumptions of a skilled and willing research team, and stable and well-defined stakeholders, who have consistent and reasonably well-defined needs. This paper discusses how knowledge systems approaches were developed and deployed in the first phase of the Gambut Kita (Our Peatland) project on community fire management and peatland restoration in Indonesia (2017–2021). This was a complex project with a large multi-disciplinary team situated across dynamic institutions in Indonesia and Australia, and addressing a politically controversial topic. To capture the diverse experience of the researchers, and to focus on the needs of stakeholders, we developed a sequence of whole-of-project approaches comprising the following: (i) stakeholder mapping exercises at three nested scales combining stakeholder analysis, knowledge systems mapping and impact pathways analysis; (ii) a project coordinating committee of high-level Indonesian policy-makers and policy-influencers; (iii) a stakeholder engagement forum and (iv) online policy dialogues. We demonstrate its effects through the case of developing an Indonesian Peat Fire Danger Rating System (Peat FDRS), as a core project deliverable. Over 4 years, these structured stakeholder engagement processes gave rise to a Peat FDRS Stakeholder Engagement Network (a multi-institutional working group), which is making significant progress in navigating the complexity inherent in realising an accurate Indonesian Peat FDRS.
Heterogeneity and evolution of tumour immune microenvironment in metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Wei , Ye Liu-Fang , Bao Hua , Hu Ming-Tao , Han Ming , Tang Hai-Meng , Ren Chao , Wu Xue , Shao Yang , Wang Feng-Hua , Zhou Zhi-Wei , Li Yu-Hong , Xu Rui-Hua , Wang De-Shen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Tumour immune microenvironment heterogeneity is prevalent in numerous cancers and can negatively impact immunotherapy response. Immune heterogeneity and evolution in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) have not been studied in the past.

Methods
Together with a multi-region sampling of normal, primary and metastatic tissues, we performed whole exome sequencing, TCR sequencing as well as immune cell infiltration estimation through deconvolution of gene expression signals.

Results
We discovered high TCR repertoire and immune cell infiltration heterogeneity among metastatic sites, while they were homogeneous among primary and normal samples. Metastatic sites shared high levels of abundant TCR clonotypes with blood, indicating immune surveillance via blood. Metastatic sites also had low levels of tumour-eliminating immune cells and were undergoing heavy immunomodulation compared to normal and primary tumour tissues. There was co-evolution of neo-antigen and TCR repertoire, but only in patients with late diverging mutational evolution. Co-evolution of TCR repertoire and immune cell infiltration was seen in all except one patient.

Conclusions
Our findings revealed immune heterogeneity and co-evolution in GEA, which may inform immunotherapy decision-making.
TCMI: a non-parametric mutual-dependence estimator for multivariate continuous distributions
Authors: Regler Benjamin , Scheffler Matthias , Ghiringhelli Luca M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe identification of relevant features, i.e., the driving variables that determine a process or the properties of a system, is an essential part of the analysis of data sets with a large number of variables. A mathematical rigorous approach to quantifying the relevance of these features is mutual information. Mutual information determines the relevance of features in terms of their joint mutual dependence to the property of interest. However, mutual information requires as input probability distributions, which cannot be reliably estimated from continuous distributions such as physical quantities like lengths or energies. Here, we introduce total cumulative mutual information (TCMI), a measure of the relevance of mutual dependences that extends mutual information to random variables of continuous distribution based on cumulative probability distributions. TCMI is a non-parametric, robust, and deterministic measure that facilitates comparisons and rankings between feature sets with different cardinality. The ranking induced by TCMI allows for feature selection, i.e., the identification of variable sets that are nonlinear statistically related to a property of interest, taking into account the number of data samples as well as the cardinality of the set of variables. We evaluate the performance of our measure with simulated data, compare its performance with similar multivariate-dependence measures, and demonstrate the effectiveness of our feature-selection method on a set of standard data sets and a typical scenario in materials science.
The BCS Energy Gap at High Density
Authors: Henheik Joscha , Lauritsen Asbjørn Bækgaard 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe study the BCS energy gap $$\Xi $$
Ξ
in the high–density limit and derive an asymptotic formula, which strongly depends on the strength of the interaction potential V on the Fermi surface. In combination with the recent result by one of us (Math. Phys. Anal. Geom. 25, 3, 2022) on the critical temperature $$T_c$$

T
c

at high densities, we prove the universality of the ratio of the energy gap and the critical temperature.
The Development of a Team-Based, Hybrid Inter-university Graduate Certificate Program Focused on Maternal Child Health Professionals
Authors: Tollestrup K. , Thomas T. , Stone N. , Chambers S. , Sedillo P. , Perry F. , Forster-Cox S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Pregnancy, childbirth, and child well-being are identified by Healthy People 2030 as priority topics for improving the health of all Americans. New Mexico is the fifth largest state geographically with most of the state’s 33 counties considered rural or frontier. Accessing health care services is challenging in this resource-poor environment. The need to provide maternal and child health (MCH) education in the state was the impetus for developing a graduate certificate in maternal and child public health.

Methods
The hybrid MCH graduate certificate engaged professionals in formal training that included a public health approach to addressing MCH issues in the state’s diverse communities. Grant funds paid for the tuition, books and travel for students providing an opportunity to individuals who otherwise could not have pursued graduate education and professional development.

Results
Over a 4-year period, two cohorts were recruited, educated, and evaluated. The evaluations reflected an increase in competency knowledge scores for all students.

Discussion
This model of MCH education was successful at delivering public health graduate education to MCH practitioners and increasing their knowledge and skills. Listening to students and communities as to what their MCH public health needs are and responding with a flexible educational model provided individuals with information and tools that could be used to improve maternal and child health and reduce health disparities in rural, tribal, and underserved communities.
MicroRNA-193a-5p Rescues Ischemic Cerebral Injury by Restoring N2-Like Neutrophil Subsets
Authors: Han Ziping , Li Lingzhi , Zhao Haiping , Wang Rongliang , Yan Feng , Tao Zhen , Fan Junfen , Zheng Yangmin , Zhao Fangfang , Huang Yuyou , Tian Yue , Li Guangwen , Luo Yumin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCirculating neutrophils are activated shortly after stroke and in turn affect the fate of ischemic brain tissue, and microRNAs (miRNA) participate in regulating neuroinflammation. We probed the role of neutrophilic miRNA in ischemic stroke. miR-193a-5p was decreased in circulating neutrophils of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients and healthy controls. In another set of AIS patients treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, higher neutrophilic miR-193a-5p levels were associated with favorable outcomes at 3 months and non-symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. An experimental stroke model and human neutrophil-like HL-60 cells were further transfected with agomiR-193a-5p/antagomiR-193a-5p or ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme V2 (UBE2V2)-siRNA prior to model induction for in vivo and in vitro studies. Results of 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining and neurological function evaluations at post-experimental stroke showed that intravenous agomiR-193a-5p transfusion protected against ischemic cerebral injury in the acute stage and promoted neurological recovery in the subacute stage. This protective role was suggested to correlate with neutrophil N2 transformation based on the N2-like neutrophil proportions in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen of the experimental stroke model and the measurement of neutrophil phenotype-associated molecule levels. Mechanistically, analyses indicated that UBE2V2 might be a target of miR-193a-5p. Cerebral injury and neuroinflammation aggravated by miR-193a-5p inhibition were reversed by UBE2V2 silencing. In conclusion, miR-193a-5p protects against cerebral ischemic injury by restoring neutrophil N2 phenotype-associated neuroinflammation suppression, likely, in part, via UBE2V2 induction.
Sleep apnea predicts cardiovascular death in patients with Marfan syndrome: a cohort study
Authors: Gessler Nele , Wohlmuth Peter , Anwar Omar , Debus Eike Sebastian , Eickholt Christian , Gunawardene Melanie A , Hakmi Samer , Heitmann Kathrin , Rybczynski Meike , Schueler Helke , Sheikhzadeh Sara , Tigges Eike , Wiest Gunther H , Willems Stephan , Adam Ekaterina , von Kodolitsch Yskert 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Surgical replacement of the aortic root is the only intervention that can prevent aortic dissection and cardiovascular death in Marfan syndrome (MFS). However, in some individuals, MFS also causes sleep apnea. If sleep apnea predicts cardiovascular death, a new target for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) may emerge for those individuals with MFS who have sleep apnea.

Methods
This is an investigator-initiated study with long-term follow-up data of 105 individuals with MFS. All individuals were screened for sleep apnea regardless of symptoms. Cardiovascular death served as a primary endpoint, and aortic events as a secondary outcome.

Results
Sleep apnea with an apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) > 5/h was observed in 21.0% (22/105) with mild sleep apnea in 13% (14/105) and moderate to severe sleep apnea in 7.6% (8/105). After a median follow-up of 7.76 years (interquartile range: 6.84, 8.41), 10% (10/105) had died, with cardiovascular cause of death in 80% (8/10). After adjusting for age and body mass index (BMI), the AHI score emerged as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular death (hazard ratio 1.712, 95% confidence interval [1.061–2.761], p = 0.0276). The secondary outcome of aortic events occurred in 33% (35/105). There was no effect of the AHI score on aortic events after adjusting for age and BMI (hazard ratio 0.965, 95% confidence interval [0.617–1.509]), possibly due to a high number of patients with prior aortic surgery.

Interpretation
Sleep apnea is emerging as an independent predictor of cardiovascular death in MFS. It seems mandatory to screen all individuals with MFS for sleep apnea and to include these individuals, with both MFS and sleep apnea, in further studies to evaluate the impact of preventive measures with regard to cardiovascular death.
Dynamic simulation of lead(II) metal adsorption from water on activated carbons in a packed-bed column
Authors: Hameed Areeba , Hameed Bassim H. , Almomani Fares A. , Usman Muhammad , Ba-Abbad Muneer M. , Khraisheh Majeda 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, lead(II) adsorption on activated carbons, tire-derived activated carbon (TAC), and commercial activated carbon (CAC), in a packed-bed column, was simulated using the Aspen Adsorption® V11 flowsheet simulator. The simulator was used to model the fixed-bed adsorption column and to establish the breakthrough curves by varying the initial concentration of lead(II) ions (500 mg/L, 1000 mg/L, 2000 mg/L, and 3000 mg/L), the bed height (0.2 m, 0.3 m, 0.4 m, 0.5 m, and 0.6 m), and the flow rate (9.88 × 10−4 m3/s, 1.98 × 10−3 m3/s, 2.96 × 10−3 m3/s, 3.95 × 10−3 m3/s, and 4.94 × 10−3 m3/s), at constant temperature and pressure of 25 °C and 3 bar, respectively. At the optimum conditions of 500 mg/L lead(II) concentration, 0.6 m bed height, and 9.88 × 10−4 m3/s flow rate, the breakthrough times were 488 s and 23 s for TAC and CAC, respectively. Under the same conditions, the adsorption capacity obtained at t0.5 was 114.26 mg/g for TAC and 7.72 mg/g for CAC. The simulation results indicate the potential of TAC for the adsorption of lead(II) in comparison to CAC.
Zinc and Iron Biofortification and Accumulation of Health-Promoting Compounds in Mycorrhizal Cichorium intybus L.
Authors: Pepe Alessandra , Di Baccio Daniela , Magnani Ermenegildo , Giovannetti Manuela , Sbrana Cristiana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe positive impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts on plant growth and health has been reported for many species, and supports their use as biofertilizers and bioenhancers. Here, the potential role of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiontFunneliformis mosseaein the improvement of chicory (Cichorium intybusL.) nutritional value, in terms of nutrient uptake and accumulation of health-promoting compounds, was studied using an in vivo whole-plant system, allowing both plant and fungal tissue collection. Biomass and nutrient distribution were determined in plant and extraradical mycelium, and photosynthetic pigments and fructooligosaccharide concentrations were evaluated in chicory shoots and roots. Zinc shoot concentration of mycorrhizal chicory was significantly increased, as well as the whole-plant Fe uptake, while root Cu concentration was decreased, compared with uninoculated controls.F. mosseaeextraradical mycelium accumulated Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe at high concentrations, compared with those of the host plant tissues, suggesting that it plays a double functional “scavenging-filtering” role, by its ability to balance the uptake of microelements or to limit their translocation depending on plant-soil concentrations. The higher Zn and Fe uptake by mycorrhizal plants was significantly correlated with higher carotenoid, inulin, and fructose levels, suggesting a relationship among the modulation of micronutrient uptake by mycorrhizal symbionts and the biosynthesis of health-promoting molecules by the host. Overall, data from this work may boost the implementation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation aimed at inducing plant biofortification and enhancement of nutritional value of plant-derived food.