bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ forming hydrogel recombination with tissue adhesion and antibacterial property for tissue adhesive
Authors: Zhang Wenjie , Jiang Yongchao , Wang Haonan , Li Qian , Tang Keyong 
Published: April 2022

In situ forming hydrogels with strong adhesive strength and antibacterial activity are of great interest to serve as tissue adhesive in fields like wound dressing and mass hemorrhage. In this study, hybrid hydrogel (GOHA) based on gelatin and oxidized hyaluronic acid was developed and endowed with excellent mechanical strength and tissue adhesion. According to our results, GOHA hydrogel exhibits a fast gelation time of around 60 s, robust compression strength of 223.43 ± 24.28 kPa, and strong adhesion of 14.33 ± 0.78 kPa to porcine skin, which is much higher than that of commercial fibrin glue (around 1.00 kPa). Meanwhile, through the loading of levofloxacin, obvious antibacterial activity can be obtained for wider applications. Notably, it would not compromise the hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility in vitro. In summary, this kind of hybrid hydrogel shows great potential as tissue adhesive in biomedical fields.
Graft polymerization of lauryl methacrylate onto bamboo fiber—A potential material for oil spills
Authors: Tung Nguyen Thanh , Duc Nguyen Trung , Thu Ha Pham Thi , Van Khoi Nguyen , Son Ninh The 
Published: April 2022

In this study, the co-polymer BF- g-LMA was successfully synthesized by grafting monomer lauryl methacrylate (LMA) onto bamboo fibers (BFs) using 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The grafting process was controlled by the monomer and AIBN concentrations, the reaction time and the temperature, and the optimal conditions were found to be [AIBN] = 0.04 mol/L, [LMA] = 1.0 mol/L, 180 min, and 75oC. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to investigate the characteristics of the BF- g-LMA product. The oil sorption capacity of the graft co-polymer was shown to be about 20.0 g oil/g sorbent.
2D Manual vs 3D Automated Assessment of Alignment in Normal and Charcot-Marie-Tooth Cavovarus Feet Using Weightbearing CT
Authors: Sangoi Dhrumin , Ranjit Srinath , Bernasconi Alessio , Cullen Nicholas , Patel Shelain , Welck Matthew , Malhotra Karan 
Published: April 2022

Background: The complex deformities in cavovarus feet may be difficult to assess and understand. Weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) is increasingly used in evaluating complex deformities. However, the bone axes may be difficult to calculate in the setting of severe deformity. Computer-assisted 3D axis calculation is a novel approach that may allow for more accurate assessment of foot alignment or deformity. This study aimed to assess differences in measurements done manually on 2D slices of WBCT vs 3D computer models in normal and cavus feet. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed WBCT scans from 16 normal and 16 cavus feet in patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Six measurements were assessed: talar–first metatarsal angle (axial plane), forefoot arch angle (coronal plane), and Meary angle, calcaneal pitch, and cuneiform and navicular to floor distances (sagittal plane). 2D measurements were performed manually and 3D measurements were performed using specialized software (Bonelogic, DISIOR). Bland-Altman plots and linear regression were used to analyze differences. Results: There were no significant biases in measured variables in normal feet. In the cavovarus group, automated assessment calculated increased sagittal plane deformity (fixed bias 7.31 degrees for Meary angle, 2.39 degrees for calcaneal pitch) and less axial plane deformity (fixed bias 10.61 degrees for axial talar–first metatarsal angle). The latter also demonstrated proportional bias indicating greater discrepancy with increasing adduction. Conclusion: Measurements were comparable in normal feet suggesting automated techniques can reliably assess the alignment of bony axes. However, automated calculations show greater sagittal and less axial deformity in cavovarus feet than measured by manual techniques. This discrepancy may relate to rotational deformity seen in cavovarus feet, which may not be easily assessed manually. 3D automated measurements may therefore play a role in better assessing and classifying the cavovarus foot, which may ultimately inform treatment algorithms. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Calm with horses? A systematic review of animal-assisted interventions for improving social functioning in children with autism
Authors: Sissons Jon H , Blakemore Elise , Shafi Hannah , Skotny Naomi , Lloyd Donna M 
Published: April 2022

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of animal-assisted interventions on social functioning in children with autism spectrum disorder, based on evidence from randomized control trials. Included studies were articles published in English, with school aged children from 4 to 18 years with autism spectrum disorder. Databases searched were MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL and Zoological Record. Data extraction from included studies included demographics and sample features, interventions and controls descriptions, outcome measures, study funding and descriptive statistics. Risk of bias was assessed, considering randomization, allocation concealment, blinding, attrition, selective reporting and other sources of bias. Studies were synthesized narratively based on the animal approach taken and the use of waitlist versus active controls. Nine studies were included reporting across eight trials. Studies overall reported improvements in social functioning following equine-assisted services, with preliminary evidence suggesting improvements are sustained in the short and medium term. Insufficient evidence was available to draw conclusions on the efficacy of other animal-assisted interventions. Future research should aim to address the limitations common to included designs. Lay abstract Children with autism typically experience difficulties interacting socially with others when compared to their non-autistic peers. Establishing how effective interventions are for improving social functioning is important to help inform what should be offered to children with autism. This study reviewed how effective interventions that involved interaction with a live animal, known as animal-assisted interventions, are in improving social functioning in children with autism. A systematic search of the evidence on this topic found nine studies, which were explored for the effectiveness of animal-assisted interventions and the quality of methods used. Overall, these studies showed improvements in social functioning following equine-assisted or therapeutic horse-riding interventions, with initial evidence showing improvements are sustained in the short and medium term. However, several issues were identified, which limit the strength of any conclusions that can be drawn from this evidence. For example, in many studies people assessing the children were aware that they received the intervention or were in a control group. There was also not enough evidence available to draw conclusions on the effectiveness of other animal-assisted interventions. Future research should address the limitations that were common in the designs of these studies and investigate the potential benefit of other animal populations, such as dogs and cats.
Minoritising a regional language in multilingual preschools in Dutch Limburg: Teachers’ and toddlers’ choices between Dutch and Limburgish
Authors: Morillo Morales Gino , Cornips Leonie 
Published: April 2022

Aims and objectives: We discuss how children with various language backgrounds interact in preschool playgrounds in Limburg, the Netherlands. This paper addresses the question how power dynamics between Dutch and/or Limburgish, and other languages are enacted in, by, and through language choice in preschool settings, and to what extent this leads to social (in)equality. Approach: This paper incorporates data collected during ethnographic fieldwork and discusses literature about language socialisation, multilingualism, and language policy. Data and analysis: All data were collected at three preschools in Southern Limburg with over 30 children and more than five teachers. The data were analysed using various theoretical perspectives. Findings and conclusions: We conclude that the ways in which, when, how, and in which activities children and teachers select languages show a social order. This order renders Limburgish and other languages than Dutch unequal in the earliest educational setting that children encounter. No concrete language policy has been developed for children who speak other home languages than Dutch and/or Limburgish. Children discover quickly that using Dutch is more important than other languages in the preschool. Consequently, children, as individual agents, will start acting accordingly. Originality: Through its ethnographical approach, this paper offers a unique insight in the multilingual landscape including regional language use at preschools in Southern Limburg. This approach is based on actual, observed behaviour instead of reported behaviour or behaviour stipulated by language policies. Significance/implications: The initial stimulus for this research is societal: 60.8% of the Limburgish participants in a study reported to speak Limburgish, yet this amount is decreasing, and concerned parents and municipalities requested insights why their children prefer Dutch over Limburgish at home soon after attending preschool. This research aims to provide answers why this happens and how to ensure a more linguistically equal preschool.
Structural and functional integrity of decontaminated N95 respirators: Experimental results
Authors: Sharma Sumit , Wang Fang , Kumar Shubham , Nawal Ruchika R , Kumar Priya , Yadav Sudha , Szenti Imre , Kukovecz Akos , Schiller Ulf D , Rawal Amit 
Published: April 2022

With the recent emergence of highly transmissible variants of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the demand for N95 respirators is expected to remain high. The extensive use of N95 respirators by the public is susceptible to demand‐supply gaps and raises concern about their disposal, threatening the environment with a new kind of plastic pollution. Herein, we investigated the filtration performance of the N95 respirator by specifically analyzing the structure in the key filtration layers of meltblown nonwoven after decontamination with one and five cycles of liquid hydrogen peroxide, ultraviolet radiation, moist heat, and aqueous soap solution treatments. With the aid of X-ray microcomputed tomography (microCT) analysis, the local structural heterogeneity of the meltblown nonwoven has been unfolded and subsequently correlated with their filtration performance at a face velocity that matched with speaking conditions (∼3.89 m/s). The filtration efficiency results of the N95 respirator remain unaltered after performing one cycle of treatment modalities (except autoclave).
Perspective on digital communication with health professions from close supporters of young people with long-term health conditions (The LYNC Study)
Authors: Temple Ayako , Hamilton Kathryn , Bryce Carol , Griffiths Frances , Sturt Jackie 
Published: April 2022

Objective To understand the impact of digital communication using email and text between young people and their health care team on those in close supporting roles. Methods Twelve people (nine parents and three partners) of young people with long-term health conditions were interviewed between November 2014 and March 2016. Thematic analysis was performed followed Braun and Clarke's (2006) 6-phase method. Results Four main themes were identified. Close supporters felt that digital clinical communication was useful for young persons’ self-management. As well as young patients, close supporters would also like to have direct access to the clinicians, but it was necessary to build up a trusting relationship between close supporters and clinicians initially. Video appointments were suggested for future digital communication technology. Conclusions Close supporters were encouraging digital communication for their young person with diabetes. Clinicians should put an emphasis on establishing trusting relationships with both young people and close supporters which would be beneficial for their digital clinical communications.
Transbrachial access for mechanical thrombectomy in a case of acute ischemic stroke with aortic bifurcation occlusion
Authors: Bhatia Vikas , Choudhary Neha , Prabhakar Anuj , Kumar Ajay , Khurana Dheeraj 
Published: April 2022

Objective: To report successful mechanical thrombectomy through transbrachial route in a patient with left middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke and aortic bifurcation occlusion. Background: Mechanical thrombectomy is the standard therapeutic approach for eligible candidates of acute ischemic stroke according to American Heart Association/American Stroke Association guidelines. Mostly, a transfemoral approach is used to perform mechanical thrombectomy. Few studies have shown use of radial route for this procedure. Few reports have shown alternate access routes for performing mechanical thrombectomy when transfemoral or radial routes are not accessible. Design/Methods: Case report and literature review. Results: A 51-year-old female presented with left MCA stroke. Computed tomography angiography showed left internal carotid artery T occlusion extending into left MCA. Associated left atrial thrombus and occlusion at the aortic bifurcation were diagnosed in this patient. A transbrachial route was taken to perform mechanical thrombectomy in this patient resulting in complete recanalization. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the role of alternate access routes to perform mechanical thrombectomy in challenging situations.
Phospholipase D activation is required for 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylic acid signaling during sexual reproduction in the marine red alga Neopyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta)
Authors: Uji Toshiki , Kandori Takuya , Konishi Shiho , Mizuta Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is the immediate precursor of the plant hormone ethylene. However, recent studies have suggested that ACC also acts as a signaling molecule to regulate development and growth independently from ethylene biosynthesis. In red algae, ACC stimulates the switch from a vegetative to a sexual reproductive phase. However, despite evidence that ACC signaling in plants and algae is widespread, the mechanistic basis of the ACC signaling pathway remains unknown.

Results
We demonstrate that exogenous ACC increased the activity of phospholipase D (PLD) and induced the accumulation of PLD transcripts in the marine red alga Neopyropia yezoensis. The product of PLD, the lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid (PA), also increased in response to ACC. Furthermore, the pharmacological inhibition of PLD by 1-butanol blocked ACC-induced spermatangia and carpospore production, but the inactive isomer t-butanol did not. In addition, 1-butanol prevented ACC-induced growth inhibition and inhibited transcript accumulation of genes upregulated by ACC, including extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes, and alleviated the transcriptional decrease of genes downregulated by ACC, including photosynthesis-related genes.

Conclusions
These results indicate that PLD is a positive regulator of sexual cell differentiation and a negative regulator of growth. This study demonstrates that PLD and its product, PA, are components of ACC signaling during sexual reproduction in N. yezoensis.
Value of estimated pulse wave velocity to identify left ventricular hypertrophy prevalence: insights from a general population
Authors: Liu Yang , Xu Kai , Wu Shaohui , Qin Mu , Liu Xu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Aortic stiffness shares a similar profile of risk factors with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and can also lead to LVH by itself. Published data have demonstrated the correlation between aortic stiffness and LVH. Recent data have revealed estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) to be a simple and cost-effective marker of the severity of aortic stiffness. Our analysis aimed to explore the association between ePWV and LVH prevalence, and to investigate the incremental value of ePWV for the identification of LVH prevalence.

Methods
The present analysis based on a cross-sectional survey which included 11,597 participants from rural areas of southeastern China between Sep 2020 and Feb 2021. ePWV was formulated based on mean blood pressure and age according to a published algorithm.

Results
The prevalence of LVH was 14.56%. With the adjustment of age, sex, education, income and physical activity level, current drinking and smoking status, BMI, waist circumference, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, high density cholesterol, mean blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, anti-hypertensive therapy, anti-diabetic therapy, lipid-lowering therapy, and cardiovascular disease history, every standard deviation increment of ePWV associated with a 2.993 times risk of LVH prevalence. When dividing ePWV into quartiles, the top quartile had a 4.520 times risk of LVH prevalence when compared with the bottom quartile. Furthermore, smooth spline analysis displayed that the association was linear in the whole range of ePWV (p for non-linearity = 0.073). Additionally, subgroup analysis revealed the association was robust to sex, obesity and diabetes, and younger people and hypertensive population were more vulnerable to the increase of ePWV than their corresponding counterparts. Finally, ROC analysis showed a significant advancement when introducing ePWV into established risk factors (0.787 vs. 0.810, p for comparison < 0.001), and reclassification analysis also confirmed significant improvement from ePWV to identify LVH prevalence (category-free net reclassification analysis = 0.421, p < 0.001; integrated discrimination index = 0.023, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our analysis demonstrated a linear association between ePWV and LVH prevalence. Furthermore, our results suggest younger people and hypertensive population are more likely to have LVH prevalence with the increase of ePWV. More importantly, our findings implicate the incremental value of ePWV to optimize the identification of LVH prevalence in a general Chinese population.
Emphysematous cystitis as a potential marker of severe Crohn's disease
Authors: Hasan S. M. Mahmudul , Salh Baljinder S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is characterized by the presence of air within the bladder wall, often a complication of urinary tract infection (UTI) by gas-producing organisms. However, EC has also been reported in the setting of infectious colitis suggesting an alternate etiology. We report a rare case of EC in the setting of severe Crohn’s colitis with no clinical evidence of UTI.

Case presentation
A 43-year old female presented with a 2-month history of bloody diarrhea consisting of 8–12 bowel movements a day, weight loss of 10 kg and peripheral edema. She also had multiple ulcerated lesions on her abdominal wall and in the perianal region. Initial CT scan was significant for pancolitis, anasarca and EC. The follow-up CT cystogram, flexible cystoscopy and pelvic MRI confirmed the diagnosis of EC and ruled out any fistulous tracts in the pelvis including enterovesical/colovesical fistula. The patient did not report any urinary symptoms and the urinalysis was within normal limits. An extensive infectious workup was negative. Despite the paucity of infectious findings, the EC was empirically treated with an intravenous third-generation cephalosporin. Colonoscopy was significant for multiple ulcerated and hyperemic areas with pseudopolyps all throughout the right, transverse and left colon. Biopsies confirmed Crohn’s colitis with no evidence of granulomata or dysplasia. Immunohistochemistry was negative for CMV. The perianal and abdominal wall lesions were suspected to be pyoderma gangrenosum although biopsies were equivocal. The colitis was initially treated with intravenous steroids followed by biologic therapy with Infliximab. Despite appropriate escalation of therapies, the patient developed colonic perforation requiring subtotal colectomy.

Conclusion
This is a rare case of EC in a patient with severe Crohn’s colitis. There was no evidence of urinary tract infection or fistulising disease. According to our review, this is the first reported incident of EC in a patient with inflammatory bowel disease without any prior intra-abdominal surgeries. While active Crohn’s disease alone is a critical illness, we conclude that concomitant EC may be a poor prognostic factor.
Analysis on short-term change of macular function and the correlates after intravitreal conbercept for CRVO-ME
Authors: Wang Yun-Chang , Li Rong-Rong , Cai Yi , Wei Zi-Yi , Shao Chang-Liang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aim
To study the short-term change of macular function and the correlates after intravitreal conbercept for CRVO-ME.

Study design
Prospective, clinical study.

Methods
Twenty Three patients(23 eyes) were recruited, who were non-ischemia central retinal vein occlusion diagnosed by FFA (fundus fluorescein angiography) and treated with intravitreal conbercept for macular edema, best – corrected visual acuity ( BCVA), central macular thickness(CMT), amplitude density of P1 wave and implicit time of P1,N1 wave from ring 1 and ring 2 of mf-ERG were measured before and 1 week、2 month after treatment.

Results
Compared to the baseline, BCVA、CMT、amplitude density of P1 wave and implicit time of P1,N1 wave from ring 1 and ring 2 were greatly improved at 1 W、2 M after treatment; better results were gained at 2 M compared to 1 W; Pearson correlation analysis shows no significantly correlation between the improvement of mf-ERG with the change of BCVA、CMT.

Conclusion
The BCVA、the structure and the function of macular were greatly improved after intravitreal conbercept for central retinal vein occlusion induced macular edema; however no significantly correlation between the improvement of the function of macular with the strcture of macular and BCVA.