bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-vitro Characterization and Purification of Bacteriocins Isolated from Probiotic Curd Culture
Authors: Sharma Sujata , Vashist Shweta , Saahil Arora , Sucheta . 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Bacteriocins, the polypeptides secreted from probiotics proves to be a better choice of antimicrobials than that of synthetic antibiotics due to their negligible side effects and low cost. The present research focusses on the isolation of bacteriocin producing probiotic strains from homemade curd having good antagonistic properties against acne causing bacteria, Propniobacterium acnes. Bacteriocins are isolated, purified and dried. Morphological and general phenotypic tests are performed for identification of microorganisms. Effect of temperature, pH and bile salts on efficacy of bacteriocins is studied. Antimicrobial activity of bacteriocins is tested against the indicator strain by disc diffusion method. Normal sterile saline is used as a negative control and clindamycin is taken as a positive control. MRS media is used for culturing of microorganisms. Antimicrobial activity is recorded in terms of zone of inhibition in mm.
Results: The isolates obtained from curd belongs to the lactobacillus family is proved by the usual phenotypic tests. Among the seven isolates obtained from curd, bacteriocins produced from isolate 6 shows maximum antimicrobial activity. Bacteriocins are most stable at pH range of 5-6 and temperature of 25-40°C. Activity decreases with increase in concentration of bile salts and completely diminishes at 11% bile salt concentration.
Soft Palate Variation in Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Chitlange Pooja , Panchbhai Aarati 
Published: February 2022

One among the most prevalent precancerous disorders affecting oral cavity in those who consume arecanut and gutka is oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). The anatomy of the soft palate alters as this illness proceeds and can act as a marker for disease. OSMF prevalence varies by area and ethnicity, and is closely linked to behaviours, culture, and cuisine. People in South and Southeast Asia have the greatest frequency of OSMF.OSMF has afflicted 2.5 million individuals globally, with a total of five million in the Indian individuals. The percentage of OSMF patients with dysplasia might range from 12 to 15 percent. Malignant changes occurs at a rate of 4–13 percent around world, but 7.6 percent in the Indian subcontinent. The anatomy of the soft palate in OSMF patients has been studied in a number of ways. Cephalometric analysis is highly used methods for measuring the soft palate in both healthy and OSMF patient. On lateral cephalometry, the soft palate shows a variety of radiographic appearances. Early cephalometry diagnosis of OSMF plays a vital role in treatment of disease. Soft palate becomes thick and heavy as OSMF advances, and considerable changes in soft palate dimensions occur, which may be better assessed by CBCT. This review work compared studies from several researchers, and observed that Type 1soft palate is the most prevalent, while type 6 soft palate is the least common.
Preparation of Mouthwash using Ficus benghalensis Assisted Silver Nanoparticles and a Comparative Analysis of Its Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Rangeela M. , Jeevitha M. , Rajeshkumar S. , Jayaraman Selvaraj 
Published: February 2022

Aim: The aim of this study is to prepare a mouthwash using Ficus benghalensis mediated silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and analysing its antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens
Introduction: Nanotechnology deals with the particles which are less than 100 nm and have important roles in medicines, industries, drug gene delivery. Different parts of the F. benghalensis show medicinal properties. Leaves are used for ulcers, aerial roots are used in gonorrhoea, seeds and fruits are used for dysentery, diarrhoea and diabetes. F. benghalensis have been reported to have immunomodulatory, antibacterial activity and are used to treat toothache.
Materials and methods: In the present study, the silver nanoparticles were synthesized from Ficus benghalensis plant extract. The preparation of plant extract was done using commercially available F. benghalensis leaves powder for the synthesis process. The mouthwash was prepared using 1 mM of silver nitrate. The prepared nanoparticles were confirmed using a UV-vis spectrophotometer. Different concentrates of the synthesised Ficus benghalensis mediated silver nanoparticles were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans using agar well diffusion method and MIC will be determined.
Results: It has been observed that the antimicrobial effect of the prepared Ag NPs was almost similar against all the organisms used in the study with a maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus. It has also been observed that the antimicrobial activity of the AgNPs increased with increasing concentration.
Conclusion: As the synthesised F. benghalensis assisted silver nanoparticle mouthwash showed potent antimicrobial activity in vitro against the oral microbes: S. aureus, S. mutans, E. faecalis, C. albicans, in vivo studies are needed further to evaluate the antimicrobial effect.
Activity of Hydroethanolic Leaf Extract of Tecoma stans against Breast Cancer Cells Line - MCF - 7
Authors: Reddy Chevuru Sai Shreya , Prathap Lavanya , Jayaraman Selvaraj , Preetha S. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Cancer is abnormal growth of cells, which invade or spread to other parts of the body. There are over 200 types of cancers. Breast cancer is a cancer which develops in tissues of the breast, most commonly originating from the inner lining of milk ducts or lobules that supply ducts with milk. Tecoma stans commonly known as trumpet flower is a yellow trumpet shaped flower belonging to Bignoniaceae, and is native to Americas. It has anti cancer and anti proliferative properties.
Aim: Aim of the is to analyse the anti cancer activity of Tecoma stans against breast cancer cells MCF-7.
Materials and Methods: Breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was purchased from National Centre for Cell Sciences (NCCS), Pune, India. Cell viability test was done by MTT assay. BcL2 and BclxL gene expression analysis was done by Real Time-PCR. The obtained data were analysed statistically by one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range test with Graph Pad Prism version 5 to analyse the significance. The significance was considered at p<0.05 level in Duncan’s test.
Results: The results suggest Bcl2 mRNA gene expression is reduced on induction of 400, 500 ug/ml of Tecoma stans with significant difference in comparison with control. Bcl-xL mRNA gene expression is slightly reduced on induction of 400, 500 μg/mL of Tecoma stans with no significant difference in comparison with control.
Conclusion: From the obtained results, it can be concluded that hydroethanolic leaf extract of Tecoma stans possess anticancer activity against breast cancer cells with respect to Bcl2 mRNA gene expression as compared to Bcl xL mRNA gene expression. If complete research is done, we can use this drug to treat various cancers.
Parents Experience among Fathers of Premature Children
Authors: Kale Anushri , Kurian Bibin 
Published: February 2022

Background: The improvement of preterm youngster have shown that helpless social/intuitive abilities, poor conduct and passionate self-guideline, enthusiastic troubles, and decreased consideration are the most well-known conduct issues in preterm babies and kids. The fathers were faced with a significant burden, yet they did not express themselves, even in tough situations, and instead relied on self-comfort to make decisions free of emotion. Parents' psyche and physiology may be altered as a result of having a premature baby. Premature infants are at greater risk for cerebral palsy, delays in development, hearing problems and problems with their vision. The earlier a baby is born, the greater these risks will be. Premature newborns have many physiologic challenges when adapting to the extrauterine environment.
Objectives: Parents experiences of fathers of premature born-children. To associate the parents experience of fathers with selected demographic variables.
Materials and Methods: The study will based on phenomenal research approach with focused group design. The study will be conducted on different hospitals of Wardha city. In this study total sample no is 40 fathers who fulfill the inclusion criteria will be selected.
Expected Results: This study planned the parents’ experiences among fathers of premature born children. Hence it is expected to have their own experiences as fathers.
Assessment of Attitude and Perception of COVID 19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Rural and Urban Areas of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Gadge Radhika , Gupta Shreya , Reche Amit , Madhu Priyanka Paul 
Published: February 2022

Background: COVID 19 pandemic has afflicted the whole world. Older age group and people with comorbidities are on major risk to COVID 19. Around 200 vaccines are being developed around the world in hope to return the life to normal. On January 3, 2021, India’s drug regulator approved two COVID 19 vaccines in India- Covaxin and Covisheild. COVID 19 vaccines are a great boon for the public health but they have posed new challenges amongst the healthcare workers as well as general population. Hesitancy towards these vaccines is one such significant botheration to public health.
Objectives: To evaluate the attitude and perception of COVID 19 vaccine hesitancy amongst the different age groups i.e., 18-45 years, >45 years (without co-morbidities and >45 years (with co-morbidities).
Methodology: A special questionnaire would be designed for evaluation of the hesitancy for COVID 19 vaccine amongst the 400 participants from various rural and urban areas in Maharashtra according to different age groups i.e., 18-45 years, >45 years (without co-morbidities and >45 years (with co-morbidities).
Expected Results: As the world is fighting with the deadly pandemic, COVID 19 vaccines have come to the relief of the people. The emanation and distribution of these vaccines have put forth many challenges in front of the government and the health care workers. COVID 19 vaccine hesitancy is one such challenge amongst the Indian population. Thus, this study is formulated to assess the attitude and perception of people towards COVID 19 vaccine hesitancy and to determine the cause of it.
Conclusion: This study will evaluate the attitude and perception for COVID 19 vaccine among the participants. Senior citizens perceive that they will have some side effects due to vaccine whereas 18+ citizens perceive that their immunity can resist COVID-19.
Stargardt's Disease Diagnosed in Adults: Case Report
Authors: Sande Miguel Thiago , Mitleg Rocha Felipe Bekman Diniz , Rossett Tais Cristina , Da Costa Daniel Almeida , Bastos Pereira Maurício 
Published: February 2022

Aims: To describe a Stargardt disease, (STGD1) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease often associated with mutations in ABCA4 and characterized by the accumulation of autofluorescent lipofuscin deposits in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
Presentation of Case: J.A.D.L, male, 52 years old, foreman, born in Rio de Janeiro, attends the ophthalmologic consultation complaining of progressive low visual acuity, noticed at around 31 years of age.
Discussion: Stargardt disease is the most common hereditary macular dystrophy, representing 7% of retinal dystrophies. The first and only clinical manifestation is the decrease in central vision, which predominantly starts between six and fifteen years of age.
Methodology: Case report.
Results: Therefore, the referral of young patients with visual complaints without initial abnormalities of the fundus of the eye for ophthalmological evaluation is essential, since the diagnosis of patients at an early stage of the disease is increasingly important with the advent of new therapeutic possibilities.
Conclusion: Although many factors contribute to the phenotype of patients with STGD1, the expression and residual activity of ABCA4 mutants play an important role in determining disease severity.
Retinal thickness and disease duration influence the visual prognosis of patients. Patients with Stargardt's disease have a smaller macular thickness when compared to normal individuals, and this reduction is related to the duration of the pathology. Therefore, OCT is fundamental for the follow-up of these patients, contributing to a better prognostic assessment of the disease.
Circular Economy in Marine Waste Management Through Triple-layered Business Model Canvas Approach
Authors: . Zulkieflimasnyah , Kemala Sari Putri Reno , Permatacita Fitriah , Oktapiani Serli , Nurjihadi Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

Aims: The shift from linear to circular business models is becoming increasingly necessary at the environmental level. There are many ways to make business and the environment an inseparable unit, one of which is by promoting the circular economy business model.
Methodology: This study focuses on the Triple Layer Business Model Canvas approach to apply the circular economy concept by using the example of a marine waste processing company.
Results: The results showed that the mapping of the waste processing business model with the TLBMC approach can be described as a whole, the sustainable value of the company in three integrated layers, namely the economic layer, the environmental layer, and the social layer. Despite the limitations resulting from this study but the findings in this study can be adapted to other waste processing companies.
Controlled Growth of Single‐Crystal Pd Quantum Dots on 2D Carbon for Large Current Density Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zhang Danyan , Zheng Xuchen , Qi Lu , Xue Yurui , He Feng , Li Yuliang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe key issue for industrial large‐scale hydrogen production by water electrolysis is developing environment‐friendly electrocatalysts that can work well at large current densities and low overpotentials. Thanks to the superior advantages of 2D graphdiyne (GDY) on chemical structure and the alkyne bond strong reductivity, the highly selective, in situ growth of the single‐crystal Pd (111) quantum dots is achieved. The metal dots distribute uniformly and densely on the GDY surface (GDY‐Pd1) in a controllable way at low temperatures without adding additional reductive agents. Experimental and theoretical results show that the 2D GDY affords an ideal platform to construct highly selective and active electrocatalysts with accurate structures, defined valence states, facilitated charge transfer ability, and enhanced electric conductivity for hydrogen evolution reaction. Remarkably, the electrocatalyst can reach 500 and 1000 mA cm−2 at small overpotentials of only 201 and 261 mV, with high long‐term stability, which are better than most of the reported ones. The results demonstrate that 2D DGY is an excellent support in the controllable synthesis of metal quantum dots with well‐defined surface and structure and the potential to achieve large‐scale preparation. This study takes a critical step toward industrial hydrogen production.
DNA‐Based Nanofabrication for Nanoelectronics
Authors: Hui Liwei , Bai Ruobing , Liu Haitao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis review surveys recent developments of DNA nanotechnology related to its applications in nanoelectronics industry. The authors start with a brief introduction of DNA nanostructures, followed by a focused discussion of various DNA‐based fabrication approaches that are relevant to the semiconductor industry, including DNA‐based doping of semiconductor materials, DNA‐based fabrication of nanostructures of metallic, dielectric, and semiconductor materials, and DNA‐based lithographic patterning of Si, SiO2, metal, graphene, and polymer substrates. Examples of DNA‐templated fabrication of prototype nanoscale transistors and sensors are highlighted. Finally, major technical challenges facing the future applications of DNA nanotechnology in nanoelectronics and beyond are discussed.
Microfluidic Seeding of Cells on the Inner Surface of Alginate Hollow Microfibers
Authors: Aykar Saurabh S. , Alimoradi Nima , Taghavimehr Mehrnoosh , Montazami Reza , Hashemi Nicole N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMimicking microvascular tissue microenvironment in vitro calls for a cytocompatible technique of manufacturing biocompatible hollow microfibers suitable for cell‐encapsulation/seeding in and around them. The techniques reported to date either have a limit on the microfiber dimensions or undergo a complex manufacturing process. Here, a microfluidic‐based method for cell seeding inside alginate hollow microfibers is designed whereby mouse astrocytes (C8‐D1A) are passively seeded on the inner surface of these hollow microfibers. Collagen I and poly‐d‐lysine, as cell attachment additives, are tested to assess cell adhesion and viability; the results are compared with nonadditive‐based hollow microfibers (BARE). The BARE furnishes better cell attachment and higher cell viability immediately after manufacturing, and an increasing trend in the cell viability is observed between Day 0 and Day 2. Swelling analysis using percentage initial weight and width is performed on BARE microfibers furnishing a maximum of 124.1% and 106.1%, respectively. Degradation analysis using weight observed a 62% loss after 3 days, with 46% occurring in the first 12 h. In the frequency sweep test performed, the storage modulus (G′) remains comparatively higher than the loss modulus (G″) in the frequency range 0–20 Hz, indicating high elastic behavior of the hollow microfibers.
Prussian Blue Nanozyme as a Pyroptosis Inhibitor Alleviates Neurodegeneration
Authors: Ma Xinxin , Hao Junnian , Wu Jianrong , Li Yuehua , Cai Xiaojun , Zheng Yuanyi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCurrent pharmacological interventions for Parkinson's disease (PD) remain unsatisfactory in clinical settings. Inflammasome‐mediated pyroptosis represents a potential therapeutic target for the alleviation of neurodegenerative diseases. The development of inflammasome‐mediated pyroptosis agonists or antagonists may transform the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the identification of specific compounds that inhibit pyroptosis remains challenging. Herein, Prussian blue nanozyme (PBzyme) is revealed as a pyroptosis inhibitor to alleviate the neurodegeneration in mouse and cell models of PD. PBzyme protects the microglia and neurons against 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). PBzyme alleviates motor deficits, attenuates the damage of mitochondrial membrane potential, and rescues dopaminergic neurons. Furthermore, intra‐cerebroventricular injection of PBzyme reduces dopaminergic degeneration and inhibits neuroinflammation in an MPTP‐induced PD mouse model. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that PBzyme reduces the activation of microglial nucleotide‐binding domain and leucine‐rich repeat family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes and caspase‐1 by scavenging reactive oxygen species, thereby downregulating gasdermin D (GSDMD) cleavage as well as inflammatory factor production, and eventually leading to the inhibition of microglia pyroptosis. Overall, this work highlights the neuroprotective effects of PBzyme as a pyroptosis inhibitor and provides valuable mechanistic insights and a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PD.
Porous Polymeric Membranes Doped with Halloysite Nanotubes and Oxygenic Polyoxometalates
Authors: Yu Jiaying , Boudjelida Soufiane , Galiano Francesco , Figoli Alberto , Bonchio Marcella , Carraro Mauro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEndowing anti‐fouling capabilities to water treatment membranes is a key feature for their long lifetime, but it continues to be a challenging task. Herein, a strategy for preparing composite membranes is reported comprising halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) as scaffolds to support a ruthenium substituted polyoxometalate (Ru4POM), with the goal of using evolved O2, resulting from the Ru4POM‐catalyzed H2O2 dismutation, as anti‐fouling agent. Two different amino alkyl derivatives, that is, a phosphonate and a silane, are grafted, respectively, in the lumen and on the surface of HNTs to support Ru4POM, and the resulting hybrid nanostructures are compared, in terms of catalytic efficiency and stability, to establish the most promising membrane additive. Porous polyether sulfone–based membranes are thus prepared to obtain a first proof of concept for this doping strategy. With respect to the former Ru4POM‐containing membranes, HNTs provide Earth‐abundant and low‐cost scaffolds for their efficient dispersion in the polymeric matrix. Preliminary tests on permeability and anti‐fouling behavior are finally discussed.
Stretchable Organic Light‐Emitting Devices with Invisible Orderly Wrinkles by using a Transfer‐Free Technique
Authors: Chen Zhi‐Yu , Ji Zhi‐Kun , Yin Da , Liu Yue‐Feng , Bi Yan‐Gang , Feng Jing , Sun Hong‐Bo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStretchable organic light‐emitting devices (SOLEDs) based on orderly wrinkles have become a promising candidate for the new‐generation deformable displays because of their high‐optoelectronic performance and stretching stability. However, the complex thin film transfer process to form the wrinkles and the decreased display quality caused by the large‐period wrinkles with a few hundreds of microns are obstacles to their practical applications. Herein, a simple transfer‐free technique is designed to introduce the orderly wrinkles with a much smaller period of 70 µm into the SOLEDs, which is the smallest value reported to date for the orderly wrinkles integrated in the SOLEDs. The small‐period wrinkles are invisible by naked eyes and beneficial to the applications of the SOLEDs in high‐quality stretchable displays. The electroluminescence performance of the SOLED with 20% stretchability are comparable to those of the rigid OLEDs on glass substrates. After 2000 cycles of stretching, the luminance of the device remained at 90% of its initial value. Meantime, the transfer‐free technique is compatible with the flexible encapsulation process. The luminance of the encapsulated SOLEDs exhibit negligible decline after 600‐min continuous operation under ambient condition. This work provides an effective solution for achieving high‐performance SOLEDs by a simple process.
Radical Polychloromethylation/Cyclization of Unactivated Alkenes: Access to Polychloromethyl‐Substituted Ring‐Fused Quinazolinones
Authors: Liu Han , Yang Zixian , Yu Jin‐Tao , Pan Changduo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA radical di‐ and trichloromethylation/cyclization of unactivated alkenes was developed with commercially available dichloromethane and chloroform as di‐and trichloromethyl radical sources under metal‐free conditions. Variously substituted di‐ and trichloromethylated pyrrolo‐ and piperidino‐quinazolinones were obtained in 47–94% yields. Additionally, dibromomethylation/cyclization was also achieved under standard conditions when CH2Br2 was utilized. Moreover, the obtained dichloromethylated product can be transformed into 1′H‐spiro[cyclopropane‐1,3′‐pyrrolo[2,1‐b]quinazolin]‐9′(2′H)‐one after treating by KOH.magnified image