bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image retrieval based on weighted nearest neighbor tag prediction
Authors: Yao Qi , Jiang Dayang , Ding Xiancheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
With the development of communication and computer technology, the application of big data technology has become increasingly widespread. Reasonable, effective, and fast retrieval methods for querying information from massive data have become an important content of current research. This article provides an image retrieval method based on the weighted nearest neighbor label prediction for the problem of automatic image annotation and keyword image retrieval. In order to improve the performance of the test method, scientific experimental verification was implemented. The nearest neighbor weights are determined by maximizing the training image annotation, and experiments are carried out from multiple angles based on the Mahalanobis metric learning integration model. The experimental results show that the proposed tag correlation prediction propagation model has obvious improvements in accuracy, recall rate, break-even point, and overall average accuracy performance compared with other widely used algorithm models.
Between exonormative traditions and local acceptance: A corpus-linguistic study of modals of obligation and spatial prepositions in spoken Ugandan English
Authors: Isingoma Bebwa , Meierkord Christiane 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Research into Ugandan English places it in the nativisation phase of the evolution of Englishes, amidst a nexus of local acceptance with ingredients of endonormativity and ingrained exonormative traditions. The current study shows how the use of modal verbs of obligation and spatial prepositions provides insights into how the nexus of the above phenomena has shaped Ugandan English. For example, although the preference of have to over must is a global trend, in Ugandan English, it is more prevalent in Bantu-speaking than in Nilotic-speaking areas because of substrate influence. Crucially, although the use of spatial prepositions is generally similar to how they are used in, for example, (standard) British English, the peculiar use of from to encode stative location in Ugandan English is, despite some regional variations, so widespread in the country that it tends towards endonormative stabilisation.
The Vienna Genesis: An Example of Late Antique Purple Parchment
Authors: Hofmann Christa , Vnouček Jiří , Rabitsch Sophie , Aceto Maurizio , Melo Maria João , Malissa Antonia , Uhlir Katharina , Griesser Martina , Hradil Klaudia , Erlach Rudolf , Quandt Abigail , Sonderegger Junko , Fiddyment Sarah , Collins Matthew 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The investigation and conservation of the Vienna Genesis, a Late Antique manuscript on purple parchment, included the study of parchment production and purple dyeing in the sixth century. The process of parchment making and of purple dyeing was recreated and compared with the Vienna Genesis and other manuscripts from the sixth and eighth centuries. Parchment made from the hides of young lambs and dyed with orchil resembled the folios of the Vienna Genesis. The results of material analysis and the study of parchment technology influenced decisions for the conservation and storage of the manuscript. Fragile areas of ink and parchment were stabilised with strips of adhesive coated Japanese tissue paper. The single folios are stored in folders of Japanese paper and museum matboard within a sink mat.
Effect of water contaminated with hand washing liquid on germination characteristics of wheat, flax, and lentil
Authors: Heidari Hassan , Parhoon Zahra 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Due to climate change and declining water resources, some farmers are turning to wastewater. One of water pollutants is household detergent. To examine this, a study was conducted to determine the effect of water contaminated with hand washing liquid on the germination characteristics of wheat, flax, and lentil in a completely randomized design with three replications in 2020. Experimental treatments included water contaminated with different concentrations of hand washing liquid ((0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10)%) of hand washing liquid in water). The results showed that with increasing concentration of the contaminant in the water, the germination percentage, the caulicle length, and the radicle length of wheat, flax and lentil decreased. It was observed that wheat had a higher resistance to hand washing liquid than lentil and flax so that at a concentration of 0.01% and 0.1%, the wheat radicle was still growing. It is recommended to avoid irrigating plants with contaminated water with high amounts of hand washing liquid.
Study on the formation and stability of polyol-in-oil emulsion
Authors: Zhang Wanping , Chen Lin , Shen Xingliang , Wang Yaping , Fang Xiang , Zhang Qianjie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, the influence of polyols, emulsifiers and oils on the formation and stability of polyol-in-oil (P/O) emulsions was investigated. The interfacial tension in P/O systems is much lower than that of water-oil systems, so polyols and oils showed a greater affinity, which was not conducive to the stability of the emulsion system. High compatibility of the emulsifier and the inner and outer phases was the key to the formation of stable emulsions. Using polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG) as polyol phase, mineral oil or squalane as oil phase and cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone (EM 90) as emulsifier, long-term stable P/O emulsions with homogeneous droplets were successfully prepared.
Pediatric Mental Health Presentations and Boarding: First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ibeziako Patricia , Kaufman Katy , Scheer Kenneth N. , Sideridis Georgios 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVES
Psychiatric boarding occurs when patients remain in emergency departments or are admitted to inpatient medical/surgical units to await placement at psychiatric treatment programs. Boarding was already increasing in the United States over the past decade, and the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has only further profoundly affected the mental health of youth. The current study aims to describe psychiatric diagnoses and boarding among pediatric patients presenting to the hospital after the pandemic onset.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective chart review from March 2019 to February 2021 of all youth aged ≤18 years with emergency department or inpatient medical/surgical admissions related to mental health complaints at a large United States Northeast pediatric hospital and compared psychiatric diagnoses and boarding during the 12 months before and after the pandemic onset. Inferential statistics included χ2 and t-tests. Interrupted time series analyses evaluated trends during the study period.

RESULTS
Proportion of hospital presentations of pediatric patients with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts (P &lt; .001), depression (P &lt; .001), anxiety (P = .006), eating disorders (P &lt; .001), substance use disorders (P = .005), and obsessive compulsive and related disorders (P &lt; .001), all increased during the first pandemic year, compared with the previous year. Average length of psychiatric boarding more than doubled (2.1 vs 4.6 days, P &lt; .001) and 50.4% of patients experienced extended boarding periods ≥2 days during the first pandemic year.

CONCLUSIONS
This study highlights the vulnerability of a United States health care system that has been chronically inadequate at meeting the mental health needs of children and adolescents, and raises an urgent call to reform pediatric mental health care.
Development of safe technology of obtaining fatty acid monoglycerides using a new catalyst
Authors: Bliznjuk Olga , Masalitina Nataliia , Mezentseva Iryna , Novozhylova Tetiana , Korchak Mykola , Haliasnyi Ivan , Gavrish Tatiana , Fomina Iryna , Khalil Viktoriya , Nikitchenko Olga 
Published: May 2022

Fatty acid monoglycerides are a valuable component of the products of various industries. The emulsifying ability of monoglycerides is used in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food production.
The process of fatty acid monoglycerides obtaining by the reaction of vegetable hydrogenated fat (salomas) with glycerol (glycerolysis method) has been studied. Potassium glycerate is used as a catalyst, which is characterized by high efficiency and safety of production and use.
A feature of the work is the study of the dependence of the yield and melting point of monoglycerides on the technological parameters of glycerolysis.
As a raw material, hydrogenated refined fat according to DSTU 5040 (CAS Number 68334-28-1) was used: melting point – 48 °C, mass fraction of moisture and volatile substances – 0.08 %, acid value – 0.25 mg KOH/g, peroxide value – 2.8 ½ O mmol/kg.
In all experiments, the glycerolysis temperature was 180 °C, the catalyst concentration – 0.5 % in terms of metal.
Rational conditions for glycerolysis were determined: duration (90 min.) and glycerol concentration (50 %). Under these conditions, the monoglycerides yield was 32.9 %, melting point – 61.5 °C. The mass fraction of free glycerol in monoglycerides was 1.0 %, acid value – 2.2 mg KOH/g.
The efficiency of monoglycerides obtaining using potassium hydroxide and glycerol mixture as a catalyst under certain rational conditions has been studied. The monoglycerides yield of 30.1 %, melting point of 59 °C were obtained. Therefore, the use of potassium glycerate catalyst is more efficient.
The results of the study make it possible to improve the technology for the production of fatty acid monoglycerides using a new catalyst and use resources rationally
Designing the structure and determining the mode characteristics of the grain dryer based on thermosiphons
Authors: Bezbah Igor , Zykov Aleksandr , Mordynskyi Vsevolod , Osadchuk Petr , Phylipova Lyudmila , Bandura Valentyna , Yarovyi Igor , Marenchenko Elena 
Published: May 2022

Energy consumption, environmental issues, product quality are actual problems related to grain drying processes. It is necessary to pay attention to designing new structures of energy-efficient grain dryers.
A structure of an energy-efficient grain dryer based on thermosiphons has been designed; its energy consumption is 3.5...6.8 MJ/kg depending on surface temperature and air flow rate. The dryer includes a layer heater, a drying chamber, a heat generator, a heater, a noria for loading the product, and fans. The structural features of the dryer allow the drying process to be carried out without direct contact between the combustion gases and the product.
The efficiency of the designed structure was evaluated for such indicators as heat transfer coefficients to the grain flow, specific energy costs, moisture content, the relative humidity of the air leaving the dryer.
The values of coefficients of the heat transfer to the grain flow vary within 36...58 W/m2K at speeds 2.5...8 mm/s. An increase in the flow rate by 3.2 times leads to an increase in the heat transfer coefficient by 1.6 times.
The moisture content of the air at the outlet of the dryer reaches 60 g/kg, while the relative humidity is 90 %, which is several times higher than the parameters for convective mine grain dryers.
Energy consumption for drying at the surface temperature of thermosiphons Ts=142.9 °C for various grain flow rates is close to a minimum. The energy consumption is lower than in existing convective dryers.
21 % is spent on heating grain in the dryer; 54 % ‒ on moisture evaporation; and 23.6 % are losses. If we consider the energy spent on moisture evaporation usable, the efficiency of convective dryers is only 40 % while that of dryers based on thermosiphons is 54.1 %.
It is expected that the designed structure could be a solution for small farmers in the post-harvest drying process
Influence of the deformed state of a road bridge on operational safety
Authors: Bondar Ivan , Kvashnin Mikhail , Aldekeyeva Dinara , Bekzhanova Saule , Izbairova Aliya , Akbayeva Assem 
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the issues of vehicle traffic safety on artificial constructions. Ensuring safety in the field of rail transport is an essential element in the activities of all subjects of the market of railway services, including passenger carriers. To fully study the issues of the deformed state of beam superstructures, it is necessary to conduct static and dynamic tests. Before the start of the tests, it is mandatory to check the technical condition of the artificial structure:
1) visual inspection, special checks with verification of necessary parameters;
2) carrying out control linear measurements;
3) selective determination of concrete strength by non-destructive methods.
First, the static tests is conducted to determine the total deformations of each beam of the superstructure at the control point with maximum deformations of ½ L. Then dynamic tests with determination of periods of natural oscillations and deformations (stresses). Processing of the results of surveys and tests of the overpass with an assessment of the possibility of passing design loads on the road bridge, after which a dynamic passport of the transport structure is compiled. The study of the stressed state of vehicles gives a clear idea of the causes of deformations in the structural elements when analyzing the work of the span of the automobile bridge in conditions of increasing axial loads and traffic flow speeds. Deformation processes lead to defects, structural failures and accidents on the vehicle, which leads to premature wear, material damage and environmental damage. Periodic measurements of deformations (stresses) of the superstructure structure over several years will make it possible to predict changes in its condition over time and determine the remaining resource in terms of load-bearing capacity and load capacity. As a result of experimental studies, it was proved that the presented technique, developed in the classical version for detecting structural defects between a single-layer coating and a base of various types, can also work effectively in the case of non-destructive testing of multilayer structures
Development of bread technology with high biological value and increased shelf life
Authors: Samilyk Maryna , Demidova Evgenia , Bolgova Natalia , Savenko Oleh , Cherniavska Tetiana 
Published: May 2022

As an additive to bread, it is proposed to use a powder made from derivatives of Sorbus aucuparia mountain ash processing. The powder production technology involves freezing fruits, preliminary dehydration by osmotic dehydration, drying in an infrared dryer and grinding. The technology of bread with an extended shelf life and increased biological value has been developed, and some of its physical and chemical properties have been studied. To determine the feasibility of using powders from Sorbus aucuparia processing derivatives, their amino acid spectrum was analyzed by the chromatographic method. 17 amino acids in the amount of 7.43 g/100 g were identified, 7 of which are essential (valine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, phenylalanine) in the amount of 1.84 g/100 g. The highest concentration of the total number of amino acids is glutamic acid (1.57 g/100 g), which gives the powders the properties of natural preservatives, increases the storage capacity of bread. The experiment showed that adding 20 % powder from Sorbus aucuparia processing derivatives to wheat flour bread allows at least doubling its shelf life. However, such an amount of additive affects the porosity of the bread and its organoleptic properties. Therefore, a sample was made with the addition of 10 % powder, and no defects in taste, smell and shape of bread with the addition of mountain ash powder were found. When using the developed technology, the time for making bread is reduced by 30 minutes compared to the classic straight dough method and by 120–150 minutes compared to the sponge dough method. The shelf life of bread according to the proposed technology is 15 days
Revealing the influence of plant-based additives on qualitative indicators of a semi-finished product made from camel meat
Authors: Medeubayeva Zhanar , Tayeva Aigul , Shambulova Gulnara , Syzdykova Laila , Astakhov Mikhail 
Published: May 2022

This paper considers the influence exerted on the qualitative indicators of boiled camel sausage by plant-based additives. The study’s results were used to improve the technology and determine the levels of application of plant-derived extracts with antioxidant properties in the production of boiled sausages. The effect of plant extracts with antioxidant properties on oxidative processes in boiled sausages has been investigated. Camel meat contains phosphorus, magnesium, and potassium. This meat has a large content of vitamins A, B1, B2, C, and E. In terms of protein content (15.1 %), camel is inferior to beef; in terms of fat (11.5 %), it is inferior to other types of meat. However, camel meat is rich in vitamins and trace elements. In addition, the composition of camel meat contains phosphorus, 216‒234 mg, which is higher than that of beef.
The disadvantage of boiled camel sausages is a short shelf life. Therefore, it was decided to add plant-based supplements with antioxidant properties. In addition, to ensure minimal lipolytic changes and changes in lipid oxidation in meat, the rational concentration of added antioxidants was determined. Using the response surface methodology, a three-level factor plan was constructed for two variables – the concentration of ginger root powder and sea buckthorn powder. The minimum acid number was manifested at 0.018 % of ginger root powder and 0.035 % of sea buckthorn powder. The minimum peroxide number was obtained at 0.028 % of the L-root of ginger and 0.010 % of the powder of sea buckthorn; the minimum TBARS was detected at 0.030 % of the powder of ginger root and 0.050 % of the powder of sea buckthorn. The concentration of ginger root powder with optimal resistance to oxidation and lipolysis is proposed. The shelf life was also determined in comparison with the control
Comparison of thorium nitride and uranium nitride fuel on small modular pressurized water reactor in neutronic analysis using SRAC code
Authors: Syarifah Ratna Dewi , Aula Mila Hidayatul , Ardianingrum Andini , Janah Laela Nur , Maulina Wenny 
Published: May 2022

Comparison of thorium nitride (ThN) and uranium nitride (UN) fuel on small modular PWR in neutronic analysis has been carried out. PWR in module is one type of reactor that can be utilized because of its small size so that it can be placed on demand. Neutronic calculations were performed using SRAC version 2006, the data library using JENDL 4.0. The first calculation was fuel pin (PIJ) calculation with hexagonal fuel pin cell type. And the second calculation was reactor core (CITATION) calculation using homogeneous and heterogeneous core configurations. ThN and UN fuels use heterogeneous configurations with 3 fuel variations. The reactor geometry was used in two fuels are the same, with diameter and height active core was 300 cm and 100 cm. In this research, Np-237 was added as a minor actinide in the UN fuel to reduce the amount of Np-237 in the world and also reduce the k-eff value. For ThN fuel, Pa-231 also added in the fuel to reduce the k-eff value. The optimum configuration of UN fuel reached when used heterogeneous core configuration case four with percentage of U-235 in F1=5.5 %, F2=7 % and F3=8.5 % also with the addition of Np-237 0.2 % and fuel fraction 56 %. It has a maximum excess reactivity value 12.56 % %∆k/k. And then, the optimum configuration of ThN fuel reached when used heterogeneous core configuration case three with percentage of U-233 in F1=2 %, F2=4 % and F3=6 % with the addition of Pa-231 0.5 % and fuel fraction 53 %. It has a maximum excess reactivity value 7.67 % %∆k/k. The comparison of optimum design of UN and ThN fuel shows that the ThN fuel has the k-eff value closer to critical than UN fuel. Therefore, in this study, ThN fuel is more suitable for use in PWR reactors because it has a small excess value and can operate for 10 years without refueling
Features of microsporidia Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae (Nosema species) development of winter bee (Apis mellifera L.) generation
Authors: Odnosum Hanna , Yefimenko Tetiana 
Published: May 2022

Temperature is one of the main abiotic factors affecting the development of causative agents of nosemosis in the bee's body.
The aim of the research. To determine the influence of the winter and summer bee nest temperature (20–22 °C and 35–36 °C, respectively) on the duration of Nosema species development of winter bee generation isolated in hoarding cages, and to trace the life cycle of Nosema species of bees with natural infection and overwintering in natural conditions, from November to the beginning of bee brood rearing (February).
Materials and methods. For this, 200 bees Apis mellifera sossimai, selected from bee colony in November, were infected by syrup feeding containing Nosema species (5×104 spores per bee). Half of the bees were kept at 35–36 °C and half at 20–22 °C. The stages of Nosema species development were monitored daily for 13 days in midgut smears, stained according to Romanovsky-Giemsa (magnification 900x). Furthermore, with a 15 days frequency, from November to mid-February, 30 bees were selected from 20 bee colonies overwintered in natural conditions, and monitored the stages of Nosema species development at natural infection.
Result. It was found that the Nosema species development of winter bee generation artificially infected by Nosema species, was suspended at meronts and sporonts stages until the 13th day from the moment of infection, regardless of the temperature at which the bees were kept in the experiment. In bees selected from bee colonies naturally infected with Nosema species prevailed meronts I, II and in an insignificant amount sporonts, until the end of December, active sporulation took place from the middle of January to the beginning of February.
Conclusion. That is, the duration of the life cycle development of Nosema species depends little on temperature but is closely related to the life span of summer and winter bee generation and determined by the biochemistry of their relationships, which allow the parasite to save the host as its habitat