bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computerized tomography image correlation of His bundle/deep septal pacing location and outcomes: an analysis from the Canberra HIs bundle/deep septal Pacing Study (CHIPS)
Authors: Abhilash Sreevilasam P. , Raja Deep Chandh , Stolcman Simon , YI Dong Seok , Rahman Moyazur , Tan Ren , Mahajan Aakash , Lau Dennis H. , Abhayaratna Walter P. , Sanders Prashanthan , Pathak Rajeev Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Localisation of the conduction system under fluoroscopy is not easy and the ideal location of the pacing leads in physiological pacing is still being debated.

Objective
The primary aim was to assess the lead locations using cardiac CT scan. Secondary aims were clinical outcomes including success and safety of the procedure and lead performance.

Methods
Of the 100 consecutive patients who received physiological pacing, 34 patients underwent follow-up cardiac CT scan. The four different types of pacing were identified as His bundle (HBP), para-Hisian, left bundle branch (LBBP), and deep septal pacing.

Results
Most patients had successful HBP via the right atrium (RA) (87.5%) as compared to the right ventricle (RV) (12.5%). Lower thresholds were observed when leads were placed within 2 mm of the junction of the membranous and muscular ventricular septum. Unlike HBP, LBBP was possible at a wide region of the septum and selective capture of individual fascicles was feasible. LBBP showed deeper penetration of leads into the septum, as compared to deep septal pacing (70% vs. 45%). Approximately, 80% of patients did not have an intra-ventricular portion of the membranous septum.

Conclusions
The anterior part of the atrio-ventricular (AV) septum at the junction between the membranous and muscular septum via RA appeared to be the best target to successfully pace His bundle. LBBP was possible at a wide region of the septum and selective capture of individual fascicle was feasible. Adequate depth of penetration of lead was very important to capture the left bundle.
Highly Accurate and Reliable Wireless Network Slicing in 5th Generation Networks: A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Khan Sulaiman , Khan Suleman , Ali Yasir , Khalid Muhammad , Ullah Zahid , Mumtaz Shahid 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn current era, the next generation networks like 5th generation (5G) and 6th generation (6G) networks requires high security, low latency with a high reliable standards and capacity. In these networks, reconfigurable wireless network slicing is considered as one of the key element for 5G and 6G networks. A reconfigurable slicing allows the operators to run various instances of the network using a single infrastructure for better quality of services (QoS). The QoS can be achieved by reconfiguring and optimizing these networks using Artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms. To develop a smart decision-making mechanism for network management and restricting network slice failures, machine learning-enabled reconfigurable wireless network solutions are required. In this paper, we propose a hybrid deep learning model that consists of convolution neural network (CNN) and long short term memory (LSTM). The CNN performs resource allocation, network reconfiguration, and slice selection while the LSTM is used for statistical information (load balancing, error rate etc.) regarding network slices. The applicability of the proposed model is validated by using multiple unknown devices, slice failure, and overloading conditions. An overall accuracy of 95.17% is achieved by the proposed model that reflects its applicability.
Quantitative Heat-Kernel Estimates for Diffusions with Distributional Drift
Authors: Perkowski Nicolas , van Zuijlen Willem 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe consider the stochastic differential equation on $\mathbb {R}^{d}$

ℝ

d

given by
$$ \begin{array}{@{}rcl@{}} \mathrm{d} X_{t} = b(t,X_{t}) \mathrm{d} t + \mathrm{d} B_{t}, \end{array} $$

d

X

t

=
b
(
t
,

X

t

)
d
t
+
d

B

t

,

where B is a Brownian motion and b is considered to be a distribution of regularity $ > -\frac 12$
>
−

1

2

. We show that the martingale solution of the SDE has a transition kernel Γt and prove upper and lower heat-kernel estimates for Γt with explicit dependence on t and the norm of b.
Comments are welcome
Authors: Minondo Asier 
Published: January 2022

AbstractScholars present their new research at seminars and conferences and send drafts to peers in hopes of receiving comments and suggestions that will improve the quality of their work. Using a dataset of projects that were initiated when authors were doing their doctoral studies, this article measures how much peers’ individual and collective comments improve the quality of research. Controlling for the quality of the research idea and author, I find that a one-standard-deviation increase in the number of peers’ individual and collective comments is associated with a 43% increase in the quality of the journal in which the project is published.
On the added value of multi-scale modeling of concrete
Authors: Zhang Jiaolong , Binder Eva , Wang Hui , Aminbaghai Mehdi , La Pichler Bernhard , Yuan Yong , Mang Herbert A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis review of the added value of multi-scale modeling of concrete is based on three representative examples. The first one is concerned with the analysis of experimental data, taken from four high-dynamic tests. The structural nature of the high-dynamic strength increase can be explained by using a multi-scale model. It accounts for the microstructure of the specimens. The second example refers to multi-scale thermoelastic analysis of concrete pavements, subjected to solar heating. A sensitivity analysis with respect to the internal relative humidity (RH) of concrete has underlined the great importance of the RH for an assessment of the risk of microcracking of concrete. The third example deals with multi-scale structural analysis of a real-scale test of a segmental tunnel ring. It has turned out that multi-scale modeling of concrete enables more reliable predictions of crack opening displacements in tunnel segments than macroscopic models taken from codes of practice. Overall, it is concluded that multi-scale models have indeed a significant added value. However, its degree varies with these examples. In any case, it can be assessed by means of a comparison of the results from three sources, namely, multi-scale structural analysis, conventional structural analysis, and experiments.
Radiomics in Cardiovascular Disease Imaging: from Pixels to the Heart of the Problem
Authors: Spadarella Gaia , Perillo Teresa , Ugga Lorenzo , Cuocolo Renato 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review of the literature aims to present potential applications of radiomics in cardiovascular radiology and, in particular, in cardiac imaging.

Recent Findings
Radiomics and machine learning represent a technological innovation which may be used to extract and analyze quantitative features from medical images. They aid in detecting hidden pattern in medical data, possibly leading to new insights in pathophysiology of different medical conditions. In the recent literature, radiomics and machine learning have been investigated for numerous potential applications in cardiovascular imaging. They have been proposed to improve image acquisition and reconstruction, for anatomical structure automated segmentation or automated characterization of cardiologic diseases.

Summary
The number of applications for radiomics and machine learning is continuing to rise, even though methodological and implementation issues still limit their use in daily practice. In the long term, they may have a positive impact in patient management.
Soil sealing along the Beirut coast during half a century marked by population growth and refugee inflows
Authors: Hassoun Georges , Madrau Salvatore , El Arab Mahmoud , Attieh Layal , Zucca Claudio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLand take by urbanization has increased significantly in the last decades, seriously contributing to the loss and degradation of the land capital. Urban sprawl and the related soil consumption are a major environmental and urban planning issue in the West Asian regions, particularly in the recent context marked by fast economic development and by regional conflicts that produced waves of war refugees and economic migrants. This study quantifies soil sealing due to the urban development between 1962 and 2020 in 28 municipalities located along the coastal strip and the coastal hill range of the Beirut and Mount Lebanon Governorates, in Lebanon, and discusses the impacts of urbanization processes on important ecosystem services such as food security and hydrological risks. The study is based on original data derived from historical topographic maps and from recent geospatial datasets. The two datasets have been generated and combined in a GIS environment by means of an original method that proved to be effective to perform detailed urban change analyses over long time spans covering periods in which no satellite information with sufficient resolution was available. An overall 54.0% increase in land surface taken by urbanization was observed in the study area between 1962 and 2020. This amount is not exceptional if compared to other fast-growing urban centers of the region. It is, however, very high considering the high overall degree of saturation (83.5%) of the available land space, the very dense continuous urban fabric, and the high level of soil sealing on the hill slopes overlooking the plain. These aspects raise concerns about the environmental sustainability of the urbanization process. A very sensitive situation is represented by the suburban areas located on the hill sides and still destined to agricultural crops, which preserve high value traditional rural landscapes. Urgent measures should be taken, framed within improved urban planning policies, to prevent further losses and to mitigate the impacts of the present-day soil sealing situation.
Simulating the Genetics Clinic of the Future — whether undergoing whole-genome sequencing shapes professional attitudes
Authors: Brunfeldt Minna , Teare Harriet , Schuurbiers Daan , Steinberger Daniela , Gerrits Elianne , Vornanen Marleena , Knoers Nine , Kääriäinen Helena , Vrijenhoek Terry 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) can provide valuable health insight for research participants or patients. Opportunities to be sequenced are increasing as direct-to-consumer (DTC) testing becomes more prevalent, but it is still fairly unusual to have been sequenced. We offered WGS to fourteen professionals with pre-existing familiarity with an interest in human genetics — healthcare, science, policy and art. Participants received a hard drive containing their personal sequence data files (.BAM,.gvcf), without further explanation or obligation, to consider how experiencing WGS firsthand might influence their professional attitudes. We performed semi-structured pre- and post-sequencing interviews with each participant to identify key themes that they raised after being sequenced. To evaluate how their experience of the procedure evolved over time, we also conducted a questionnaire to gather their views 3 years after receiving their genomic data. Participants were generally satisfied with the experience (all 14 participants would choose to participate again). They mostly decided to participate out of curiosity (personal) and to learn from the experience (professional). Whereas most participants slightly developed their original perspective on genetic data, a small selection of them radically changed their views over the course of the project. We conclude that personal experience of sequencing provides an interesting alternative perspective for experts involved in leading, planning, implementing or researching genome sequencing services. Moreover, the personal experience may provide professionals with a better understanding of the challenges visitors of the Genetics Clinic of the Future may face.
How to get better at flatter designs: considerations for shaping and leading organizations with less hierarchy
Authors: Reitzig Markus 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWorking with fewer hierarchical layers than has been the case traditionally is often considered critical for firms to become more innovative, speedier, and retain and attract gifted personnel in today’s world. The upside appears great, but so do the associated risks of creating a dysfunctional organization. I propose that systematically thinking through a series of classic organization design questions to shape a custom-tailored design is promising when delayering grown hierarchies or growing start-ups to remain flat. More promising than adopting any one fashionable management approach wholesale.
Bildungen von „Parteiungen“ (dang) in der konfuzianischen Bürokratie im vormodernen China
Authors: Meyer Christian 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel thematisiert die Frage von Parteiungen im vormodernen China im Spannungsfeld der bürokratischen Mechanismen einerseits und des Konfuzianismus als Leitideologie des kaiserlichen China andererseits. Er verfolgt zunächst begriffsgeschichtlich den Terminus dang 黨, der heute in Ostasien als Übersetzungsbegriff für ‚Partei‘ fungiert, jedoch im traditionellen China das Stichwort zu Debatten um Gruppenbildungen darstellte. Dieser war zumeist negativ als „Cliquenbildung“ zu Karrierezwecken konnotiert.Am Beispiel der Gruppenbildungsstrukturen des 11. Jahrhunderts wird herausgearbeitet, von welchen Faktoren die Bildung von Parteiungen abhing. Der Artikel argumentiert, dass Parteiungen einerseits eine strukturelle Notwendigkeit der Gruppe- und Meinungsbildung innerhalb eines größeren kommunikativen Kontexts, der Bürokratie, darstellten, andererseits solche Gruppenbildung eng mit ideologischen Aspekten verbunden waren. Dies lässt sich anhand des Einflusses von innerkonfuzianischen intellektuellen Bewegungen wie der Guwen- und der neokonfuzianischen Daoxue-Bewegung ablesen. Parteiungsbildungen und intellektuelle Bewegungen korrelieren hier deutlich. Die kaiserlichen Opferriten hatten als symbolische Materie einen hohen Stellenwert in Parteiungskämpfen, Ritenfragen konnten als spezifische Konfliktlinien jedoch nur seltener oder nur zeitweise gruppenbildend wirken.Die komplexe Dynamik kontinuierlicher Neuformierungen von ‚Parteiungen‘ (dang) in der Nördlichen Song-Dynastie (960–1126 n. Chr.) lässt sich insgesamt nur durch ein Zusammenwirken von Karriereinteressen, Loyalitätstrukturen und gruppenbildenden Ideologien entlang wechselnder Konfliktlinien innerhalb der Zivilbürokratie und der diese tragenden konfuzianischen Gelehrtenschicht analysieren. Sie spiegelt dabei das komplexe Ineinander von Konfuzianismus und Staat.Der Begriff dang kann als chinesischer Keyterm dienen, der nicht nur eine komparative Perspektive auf das Thema ermöglicht, sondern durch seine lokale Begriffsgeschichte einen religionswissenschaftlichen Keyterm ‚Parteiung‘ (oder Englisch ‚faction‘) mit Beobachtungen zu spezifischen außerwestlichen (chinesisch-konfuzianischen) Konstellationen bereichert.
Challenges of human—machine collaboration in risky decision-making
Authors: Xiong Wei , Fan Hongmiao , Ma Liang , Wang Chen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to delineate the research challenges of human—machine collaboration in risky decision-making. Technological advances in machine intelligence have enabled a growing number of applications in human—machine collaborative decision-making. Therefore, it is desirable to achieve superior performance by fully leveraging human and machine capabilities. In risky decision-making, a human decision-maker is vulnerable to cognitive biases when judging the possible outcomes of a risky event, whereas a machine decision-maker cannot handle new and dynamic contexts with incomplete information well. We first summarize features of risky decision-making and possible biases of human decision-makers therein. Then, we argue the necessity and urgency of advancing human—machine collaboration in risky decision-making. Afterward, we review the literature on human—machine collaboration in a general decision context, from the perspectives of human—machine organization, relationship, and collaboration. Lastly, we propose challenges of enhancing human—machine communication and teamwork in risky decision-making, followed by future research avenues.
Microstructure and Time-Dependent Behavior of STx-1b Calcium Montmorillonite Suspensions
Authors: Leong Yee-Kwong , Liu Pengfei , Au Pek-Ing , Clode Peta , Liu Jishan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCaMnt is much less important than NaMnt due to its limited commercial applications. The time-dependent property of NaMnt gel has been studied extensively as it is exploited in many applications such as drilling mud and viscosity-modifier applications. In contrast, the time-dependent property of CaMnt suspension and the factors affecting it are largely unknown. The speciation of Ca2+ ions is one such factor to be evaluated. In the current study, pH and solids concentration were examined and then used to validate a recent theory on clay gel time dependency. The results supported the theory that a strong electrostatic double layer (EDL) repulsion in the 3-D network is needed to reorganize the structure and drive it toward the state of minimum free energy. The 12 wt.% CaMnt (STx-1b) gel displayed time-dependent behavior at pH 5 but not at its natural pH of 8.4. At pH 5, the interlayer Ca2+ ions became fully hydrated and desorbed from the platelet surface. This enhanced the EDL repulsion between the platelets. At pH >6.5, the positively charged hydrolysis product Ca(OH)+ began to form and was adsorbed, partially neutralizing the permanent layer charge and weakening the repulsion. However, at 19.4 wt.% solids, the gel displayed pronounced time-dependent behavior despite the high natural pH of 8. The platelets were much closer together, allowing the EDL force to operate and effect structural reorganization. The microstructure of these CaMnt gels showed high platelet concentrations interacting to form a relatively open structure. The microstructure of a kaolin (KGa-2) suspension which showed no time-dependent behavior even after 1 day of ageing revealed the importance of particle morphology and layer charge on time dependency. Its 3-D structure was formed by relatively thick, layered platelets with a low layer charge.
Elite Polarization in South Korea: Evidence from a Natural Language Processing Model
Authors: Han Seungwoo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study analyzes political polarization among the South Korean elite by examining 17 years’ worth of subcommittee meeting minutes from the South Korean National Assembly's standing committees. Its analysis applies various natural language processing techniques and the bidirectional encoder representations from the transformers model to measure and analyze polarization in the language used during these meetings. Its findings indicate that the degree of political polarization increased and decreased at various times over the study period but has risen sharply since the second half of 2016 and remained high throughout 2020. This result suggests that partisan political gaps between members of the South Korean National Assembly increase substantially.
Journalism and Corruption in Chicago, 1912–1931
Authors: Arnold-Forster Tom 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe publicity of journalism has long been central to anti-corruption politics in the United States. This article explores relations between journalism and corruption in early twentieth-century Chicago and shows how newspapers could be used by corrupt politicians to consolidate and even constitute their power. By examining the three-term mayoralty of William Hale ‘Big Bill’ Thompson, the article considers a range of media strategies, from press-baiting to propaganda and boosterism, that fuelled public controversies about press hypocrisy and limited journalism's anti-corruption potential. Thompson's Chicago sheds light on broader debates about the politics of journalism in capitalist societies with commercial media environments; it also helps illuminate wider histories of corruption in America.
MEREOLOGICAL BIMODAL LOGICS
Authors: LI DAZHU , WANG YANJING 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, using a propositional modal language extended with the window modality, we capture the first-order properties of various mereological theories. In this setting,$\Box \varphi $readsall the parts(of the current object)are$\varphi $, interpreted on the models with awhole-partbinary relation under various constraints. We show that all the usual mereological theories can be captured by modal formulas in our language via frame correspondence. We also correct a mistake in the existing completeness proof for a basic system of mereology by providing a new construction of the canonical model.
Can IMERG Data Capture the Scaling of Precipitation Extremes With Temperature at Different Time Scales?
Authors: Hosseini‐Moghari Seyed‐Mohammad , Tang Qiuhong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study evaluates the validity of the Integrated Multisatellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) in scaling extreme precipitation with temperature (termed scaling factor, SF). To this end, we use Hadley‐Integrated Surface Database (HadISD) data set at 1‐hourly, 6‐hourly, and 24‐hourly scales between 2000 and 2020 over the contiguous United States (CONUS) as a reference data set. Our findings reveal that IMERG can capture changes in precipitation extremes with the temperature at 6‐hourly, and 24‐hourly scales, especially over dry regions. The difference between IMERG's SF and HadISD's SF at 6‐hourly scale is less than 0.3%/°C in dry areas. However, IMERG underestimates SF in wet regions, especially at 1‐hourly scale, up to ∼5%/°C. It is found that IMERG's performance is dependent on temperature, particularly at 1‐hourly scale. IMERG overestimates extreme precipitations when temperatures are below 5°–11°C while the opposite is true at higher temperatures, indicating the need for considering temperature in adjusting IMERG.
On the Processes Sustaining Biological Production in the Offshore Propagating Eddies of the Northern Canary Upwelling System
Authors: Lovecchio Elisa , Gruber Nicolas , Münnich Matthias , Frenger Ivy 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOceanic mesoscale eddies constitute ephemeral hotspots for marine life and are pivotal for the lateral transport of nutrients and organic matter. Here, we use a high‐resolution coupled physical‐biogeochemical model to study the processes sustaining biological production and export in long‐living cyclonic (CE) and anticyclonic (AE) eddies of the northern Canary Upwelling System (CanUS). We track the eddies for 18 months as they propagate offshore, and study their composite properties in time in a Lagrangian manner. Our model shows that long‐living CEs sustain their production with the nitrogen that they initially trap in the nearshore nutrient‐rich waters and keep isolated in their cores. The vertical input of nitrate from below tends to be comparatively small, and is mostly driven by mixing. In contrast, AEs tend to start with low nutrient concentrations in their core as they do not trap coastal waters, but have elevated concentrations at their periphery. In AEs, stirring is responsible for both the building up of the positive nitrate anomaly at depth and the enhanced lateral input of organic nitrogen in the near‐surface. Compared to CEs, the input of nitrate into the euphotic zone by vertical mixing is substantially more important. Though regenerated production dominates in both types of eddies, new production is higher than the regional average in CE cores and at the rim of AEs, partially compensating for the intense losses due to sinking. Both cyclonic trapping and transport and anticyclonic stirring shape the regional pattern of organic matter and nutrients in the northern CanUS.