bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Videos in der universitären Lehramtsausbildung
Authors: Meier Monique , Kastaun Marit , Ziepprecht Kathrin 
Published: October 2022

Videos weisen ein hohes Potenzial für das Lehren und Lernen in Schule und Hochschule auf. Gleichzeitig sind Videoformate vielfältig und schwer abgrenzbar. Auch über Kriterien für qualitativ gute Videos besteht keine finale Einigkeit. Eine Einschätzung der Einsatzmöglichkeiten verschiedener Videoformate und die Beurteilung ihrer Qualität sind aber sowohl für das eigene Lernen als auch für die Auswahl von Videos für den späteren Unterricht für angehende Lehrkräfte wichtig. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden im Beitrag die Vorerfahrungen und Einstellungen zum Lernen mit Erklärvideos sowie die Einstellungen zur hochschuldidaktischen Einbindung von Lehr-Lernvideos von Lehramtsstudierenden mit niedrigem und hohem Studiensemester (N = 184) untersucht. Ergänzend wird qualitativ analysiert, welche Merkmale/Kriterien sie für gute Erklär- und Lehr-Lernvideos anführen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen ein hohes Mass an Vorerfahrungen sowie positive Einstellungen gegenüber Erklär-/Lehr-Lernvideos, die insbesondere bei Studierenden in niedrigeren Semestern stärker ausgeprägt sind. Die von den Studierenden genannten Qualitätskriterien lassen sich vorrangig einer Oberflächenstruktur zuordnen. Auf Basis der quantitativen und qualitativen Daten können weiterführende Forschungsansätze und hochschuldidaktische Implikationen abgeleitet werden.
Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthase and Prospects For Therapy in Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Fretland Donald J. , Pitzele Barnett S. , Connor Jane R. , Currie Mark G. , Manning Pamela T. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Nitric oxide is synthesized enzymatically from arginine in numerous tissues and cell types by three_distinct isoforms of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Two of these isoforms are expressed in a constitutive manner (cNOS) predominantly in the vascular endothelium (eNOS, type III NOS) and in the nervous system (nNOS, type I NOS)
and function in the maintenance of normal homeostasis. Under normal physiological conditions, these constitutive isoforms of NOS generate low levels of nitric oxide in response to increases in intracellular calcium concentrations. The expression of the third form (iNOS, type II NOS) is induced by endotoxin and/or inflammatory cytokines and generates high levels of nitric oxide over long periods of time. The excessive production of nitric oxide, generated either by iNOS or by the sustained activation of nNOS, elicits cellular cytotoxicity and tissue damage and is thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of human disease states. The development of selective inhibitors of iNOS and/or nNOS offers the potential of blocking the synthesis of a major injurious agent, nitric oxide, and ultimately reducing tissue damage during states of chronic inflammation or prolonged elevations in cytosolic calcium. In this review, the selective inhibition of the various isoforms of NOS is examined by structure activity relationships as unique targets for drug research and therapeutic intervention in a variety of disease states.
Signal Transduction Targets Involved in Fibroproliferative Vascular Diseases
Authors: Molloy Christopher J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Proliferation and directed migration of vascular cells are key components in fibroproliferative vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and restenosis following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). However, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the control of vascular cell proliferation or migration at the tissue level remain largely undefined. Molecules contributing to these processes are elaborated by distinct cell types and act in both autocrine and paracrine modes. They include
two broad classes, polypeptide growth factors and vasoactive G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists. Examples of the former, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), bind to and activate cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases, initiating intracellular biochemical signaling pathways associated with cell proliferation or migration. In contrast, recent evidence suggests that vasoactive GPCR agonists [e.g. angiotensin II (All), endothelin-1 (ET-I), a- thrombin] elicit cell growth indirectly by inducing the production of autocrine or paracrine factors in vascular cells. This review summarizes recent studies on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in vascular smooth muscle cell growth control as well as provides information on possible therapeutic targets in this active area of vascular biological research.
Modified Release of Acetaminophen from Matrix Tablet Formulations:
Influence of Tablet Geometry
Authors: Siamidi Angeliki , Konstantinou Anna , Pavlou Panagoula , Siamidis Ioannis , Vlachou Marilena 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Acetaminophen (APAP) or paracetamol is a widely used over-the-counter, analgesic
(common conditions treated include headaches, backache, toothache, muscle aches, arthritis, sore
throat etc.) and antipyretic drug. It can be administered orally, in the form of a tablet (plain, effervescent,
orodispersable, etc.) or liquid, rectally in the form of a suppository or by injection (intravenously or intramuscularly).
It is well absorbed orally with a plasma elimination half-life ranging from 1 to 4 h. The
modified release oral formulation can prolong its therapeutic effects by maintaining APAP average plasma
concentrations.

Objective:
In the context of this work, two APAP formulation tablets with different geometries were produced
from standard pharmaceutical excipients to investigate the role of altered tablet geometry in modified
oral drug delivery.

Methods:
APAP tablets were prepared by direct compression, using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
(HPMC K15M), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, MW: 55,000) and magnesium stearate, as ingredients. The
release profiles were probed in aqueous dissolution media (pH 1.2 and 6.8) to simulate the conditions in
the gastrointestinal tract in a United States Pharmacopeia (USP) dissolution paddle apparatus II and analyzed
using an ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer (λmax = 244 nm).

Results:
The results indicated that the tablets were within the acceptable range of all evaluation parameters
(tablet dimensions, drug content, weight variation, and breaking force) as defined by the international
standards stated in the US Pharmacopoeia. The dissolution results showed that the APAP’s release profile
was controlled by the tablets’ different geometries and, specifically the surface area (SA) and the surface
area/volume (SA/V) ratio of the different tablets. The tablets with smaller SA/V ratios and SA showed
slower drug release, indicative of a modified release motif.

Conclusion:
Altered tablet geometry plays an important role in APAP-modified oral drug delivery.
Cerebellar Hemangioblastomas in a High-risk Pregnancy: A Case Report
and Review of Literature
Authors: Wang Xue , Liu Yang , Song Da-Ping 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Hemangioblastomas are highly vascular benign tumors that may increase in
size during pregnancy. The concurrence of cerebellar hemangioblastoma in high-risk pregnancy is
extremely rare and the treatment in this situation can be challenged.

Case:
Here, we report a case of a 30-year-old woman in the 33rd PW who had experienced a severe
headache, dizziness, vomiting, and limb weakness. Cesarean section was performed in the 34th PW,
followed by neurosurgery under multidisciplinary discussion.

Discussion:
The pathological exam suggested hemangioblastomas. Finally, both the pregnancy and the
fetus had a good outcome.

Conclusion:
This case emphasizes that the timing of surgery should be determined according to the
neurological symptoms of the pregnancy and the gestational age (GA) and condition of the fetus.
Hybrid Microfluidic-Flow Injection System for Determining Copper(II) in
Aqueous Solution by Homemade Microfluidic-Chip
Authors: Farhood Ahmed S. , Taha Dakhil N. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
A new technique was designed for determining copper in an aqueous solution. Copper was determined by a hybrid system microfluidic coupled with flow injection. The homemade microfluidic chip (MFC) is used for injecting copper and 2,9-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (2,9DMP) reagent as a merging zone technique, whereas uric acid is used as a reducing agent and carrier.

Methods:
A microfluidic chip was made by a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) laser machine using the AutoCAD application for the study of copper by the hybrid system. The chip contains two microchannels with a volume of 60 μL for copper(II) and 2,9DMP reagent. As a carrier solution and reducing agent, 40 mg/L of uric acid was pumped at a flow rate of 5.2 mL/min. Conditions of the coupled technique and analyses were measured at 454 nm.

Results:
This system's approach has a linear range, a detection limit (S/N=3), and a quantitation limit (S/N=10) at 0.1-25 mg/L (r2 0.9979), 0.03 and 0.09 mg/L, respectively. Also, repeatability of analyses (n=7) with an average RSD of 0.97 % for concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 mg/L. The dispersion coefficients were 1.977, 1.789, and 1.555 for the three concentrations 5,10, and 20 mg/L, respectively. The recovery of copper in the aqueous solution was estimated to be 103.5%. Dead volume and throughput were zero and 62 per hour, respectively. Sandell’s sensitivity and molar absorptivity were 2.467×10-3 µg/cm2 and 1.947×105 L/mol cm, respectively.

Conclusion:
The analysis in the novel hybrid microfluidic-flow injection system is efficient, simple, and fast, and it can be used to determine the concentration of copper in an aqueous solution. The homemade microfluidic chip is a low-cost component that uses only an small volume of copper and reagent during analysis.
Nutraceuticals: A Promising Approach Towards Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Bajaj Sakshi , Gupta Sumeet 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Various nutraceuticals from different sources have various beneficial
actions and have been reported for many years. The important findings from the research
conducted using various nutraceuticals exhibiting significant physiological and pharmacological
activities have been summarized.

Methods:
An extensive investigation of literature was done using several worldwide electronic
scientific databases like PUBMED, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Google Scholar, etc. The
entire manuscript is available in the English language that is used for our various compounds
of interest. These databases were thoroughly reviewed and summarized.

Results:
Nutraceuticals obtained from various sources play a vital role in the management of
peripheral neuropathy associated with diabetes. Treatment with nutraceuticals has been beneficial
as an alternative in preventing the progression. In particular, in vitro and in vivo studies
have revealed that a variety of nutraceuticals have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
properties that may inhibit the early diabetes-driven molecular mechanisms that induce
DPN.

Conclusion:
Nutraceuticals obtained from different sources like a plant, an animal, and marine
have been properly utilized for the safety of health. In our opinion, this review could be
of great interest to clinicians, as it offers a complementary perspective on the management of
DPN. Trials with a well-defined patient and symptom selection have shown robust pharmacological
design as pivotal points to let these promising compounds become better accepted
by the medical community.
Basic Guidelines for Bacteriophage Isolation and Characterization
Authors: Samir Safia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
The world is on the cusp of a post-antibiotic period. A century ago, before the
advent of antibiotics, bacteriophage therapy was the treatment of choice for bacterial infections.
Although bacteriophages have yet to be approved as a treatment in Western medicine,
researchers and clinicians have begun to anticipate phage therapy. Bacteriophages are
viruses that depend on bacterial cell metabolism to multiply. They offer a promising alternative
to the use of antibiotics and an excellent antibacterial option for combating multidrug
resistance in bacteria. However, not every phage is suitable for phage therapy. In particular,
prophages should not be used because they can lysogenize host cells instead of lysing
them. To offer adequate therapeutic options for patients suffering from various infectious
diseases, a wide selection of different phages is needed. While there is no evidence of
direct toxicity induced by phage particles, it is crucial to study mammalian cell–phage interactions.
This requires phage preparations to be free of bacterial cells, toxins and other
compounds to avoid skewing host responses. Negative staining of purified viruses and
electron microscopy remain the gold standard in the identification of bacteriophages. Interestingly,
genomics has greatly changed our understanding of phage biology. Bacteriophage
genome sequencing is essential to obtain a complete understanding of the bacteriophages'
biology and to obtain confirmation of their lifestyle. Full genetic sequencing of bacteriophage
will enable a better understanding of the phage-encoded proteins and biomolecules
(especially phage lytic enzymes) involved in the process of bacterial cell lysis and death.
Mass spectrometry can be used for the identification of phage structural proteins. The use
of lytic phages as biocontrol agents requires the most appropriate and standard methods to
ensure application safety. This review pursues recent research and methods in molecular
biology for the isolation and characterization of phages to facilitate follow-up and implementation
of work for other researchers. Patents related to this topic have been mentioned
in the text.
The Metal-Free Regioselective Deuteration of 2-Methylquinolin-8-ol and
2,5-Dimethylquinolin-8-ol, Spectroscopic and Computational Studies
Authors: Nycz Jacek Eugeniusz , Szala Marcin , Małecki Jan Grzegorz , Książek Maria , Kusz Joachim 
Published: October 2022

Aim and background:
Introducing deuterium to a molecule is of interest to a wide variety of
research, including investigation of reaction mechanisms or kinetics, analysis of drug metabolism, structural
elucidation of molecules, and syntheses of isotopically labeled materials used for NMR spectroscopy
and medicinal research.

Objective:
The transition-metal-free regioselective deuteration of 2-methylquinolin-8-ol (1a) and 2,5-
dimethylquinolin-8-ol (2a) with ambient reaction conditions and low-cost reagents is described in the
paper.

Methods:
Regioselective H/D isotope exchange has been presented by combining the following techniques
1H NMR, 13C NMR, GC-MS, and X-ray crystallography. The molecular orbitals of the deuterated
molecule 1a have been calculated by density functional theory (DFT) to provide an elucidation of the
isotope exchange.

Result:
The metal-free regioselective green deuteration based on modified Skraup-Doebner-Von Miller
synthesis and water-d2 KOD solution or water-d2 D2SO4 solution of hydroxyquinolines was elaborated.

Conclusion:
The metal-free regioselective green deuteration of hydroxyquinoline-type compounds with
ambient reaction conditions and low-cost reagents provided valuable tools for isotopic labeling. The modified
Skraup-Doebner-Von Miller synthesis of deuterated hydroxyquinolines has the potential to allow
higher deuteration capacity. The presented isotopic exchange reactions also possess synthetic values as
the source of deuterated compounds for the studies of NMR spectroscopy, medicinal research, and drug
discovery processes.
Pandora’s Box:
Authors: Crabtree Lauren 
Published: October 2022

In 2017 Florida passed into law House Bill 989, which extended the right to challenge instructional and library materials from traditional stakeholders such as parents and school staff to all Florida residents. Given the recent increase in challenges to diverse materials across the nation, the proposed research seeks to shed light on how the law has impacted self-censorship practices among Florida school media specialists.
Using a mixed-methods approach consisting of surveys of and interviews with Florida school media specialists and informed by Noelle-Neumann’s Spiral of Silence Theory, the proposed research seeks to provide insight into how various factors, including increased political polarization, the rise of parental rights organizations, and the ability of non-stakeholders to challenge school library materials, may influence the propensity of Florida school librarians to engage in self-censorship, particularly concerning LGBTQ+-themed children’s and young adult literature.
On the Importance of ‘Spaciousness’ in LIS
Authors: Pyati Ajit 
Published: October 2022

More than two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative that we consider how this context has affected the field of library and information science (LIS). While the pandemic’s effects can seem endless, I focus specifically on the existential fear the pandemic has generated and its implications for our field. I link this existential fear particularly with our ability to share physical space together. To this end, we must reinvigorate concepts such as library as place. This paper shows how a contemplative focus in our profession can help in this regard. However, this contemplative focus needs to move beyond Eurocentrism to truly expand the narrative in our field. As such, I show how vāstu and its focus on inner ‘spaciousness’ can highlight new approaches to not just repair the damage wrought by neoliberalism and the pandemic, but to also find new ways to thrive both individually and collectively.
Towards a Model for Assessing Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: J.M Shalani Dilinika  
Published: October 2022

This poster will illustrate the preliminary investigation results from an ongoing qualitative study of the assessment of student learning in master’s-level programs in Library and Information Science (LIS). The preliminary investigation explored the current practices and methods of learning outcomes assessment in MLIS programs. The websites of fifteen American Library Association (ALA)-Accredited MLIS programs in the U.S. selected as a geographic sample were reviewed along with publicly available program presentations and self-study documents prepared for ALA Committee on Accreditation. The review indicated that these MLIS programs employ a diverse range of methods for assessing student learning outcomes, including capstone courses, e-portfolio/portfolios, surveys, independent studies, field studies, internships, and practicum courses. As the next step, an exploratory survey followed by interviews will be conducted with some of the faculty in these fifteen MLIS programs to examine the success and effectiveness of current learning assessment methods. The survey responses will be analyzed and coded according to emerging categories for ease of interpretation. Then, the results of the survey and interviews will be utilized to construct models for assessing student learning based on best practices.
Depictions of Agency in Challenged Children’s Literature from School Libraries
Authors: Loomis Katie B. 
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze depictions of agency in banned, challenged, and restricted picture books, specifically found in elementary school libraries in a selected school district. The books were identified by the American Library Association’s Office of Intellectual Freedom. Of the 156 challenges 27 were picture books that are included in the school library collections. The following research question guides this study: How is agency depicted, if at all, by the characters in the most banned, challenged, and restricted books, as identified by ALA’s OIF, specifically found in elementary school libraries in a midsized school district in the southwest? This study uses tenets from critical multicultural analysis (CMA) and elements of visual analysis (VA) to guide a critical content analysis of enactments of agency in the most banned, challenged, and restricted picture books from a selected school district’s school libraries in 2020. This study builds on and extends the existing research on intellectual freedom, agency development in children and demonstrations of agency in children’s literature.
Go back and get it: Centering local, national, and cultural histories in international LIS Education
Authors: Kerr Paulette 
Published: October 2022

Deep knowledge of national and cultural histories, and collections is fundamental for librarians, not only for engaging the “other” but for self-reflection and awareness of one’s culture and values, and how they drive behavior.
In the Caribbean, recent curriculum transformation and renewal have focused on benchmarking North American, and British traditions and practice, in which issues of technology and information were emphasized as against historical considerations, and there remain gaps in the important area of cultural competence (Montiel Overall, 2009; Ouvrard-Prettol, 2017) especially among academic librarians. A new narrative is needed to address this knowledge gap, since for Caribbean LIS professionals, this void relates not to ‘other’ marginalized, diverse cultures, but their own history and culture.
The paper argues that in addition to knowledge of LIS history, there is need to reclaim national, regional, and attendant cultural histories in LIS programs. Strategies for addressing the imbalance in LIS professionals in the Caribbean are detailed.
Assessment of the Popularity and Perceived Effectiveness of Smartphone Tools That Track and Limit Smartphone Use: Survey Study and Machine Learning Analysis
Authors: Aboujaoude Elias , Vera Cruz Germano , Rochat Lucien , Courtois Robert , Ben Brahim Farah , Khan Riaz , Khazaal Yasser 
Published: October 2022

Background
Problematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of established treatments, smartphone-provided tools that monitor or control smartphone use have become increasingly popular, and their dissemination has largely occurred without oversight from the mental health field.

Objective
We aimed to assess the popularity and perceived effectiveness of smartphone tools that track and limit smartphone use. We also aimed to explore how a set of variables related to mental health, smartphone use, and smartphone addiction may influence the use of these tools.

Methods
First, we conducted a web-based survey in a representative sample of 1989 US-based adults using the crowdsourcing platform Prolific. Second, we used machine learning and other statistical tools to identify latent user classes; the association between latent class membership and demographic variables; and any predictors of latent class membership from covariates such as daily average smartphone use, social problems from smartphone use, smartphone addiction, and other psychiatric conditions.

Results
Smartphone tools that monitor and control smartphone use were popular among participants, including parents targeting their children; for example, over two-thirds of the participants used sleep-related tools. Among those who tried a tool, the highest rate of perceived effectiveness was 33.1% (58/175). Participants who experienced problematic smartphone use were more likely to be younger and more likely to be female. Finally, 3 latent user classes were uncovered: nonusers, effective users, and ineffective users. Android operating system users were more likely to be nonusers, whereas younger adults and females were more likely to be effective users. The presence of psychiatric symptoms did not discourage smartphone tool use.

Conclusions
If proven effective, tools that monitor and control smartphone use are likely to be broadly embraced. Our results portend well for the acceptability of mobile interventions in the treatment of smartphone-related psychopathologies and, potentially, non–smartphone-related psychopathologies. Better tools, targeted marketing, and inclusive design, as well as formal efficacy trials, are required to realize their potential.