bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of intra‐articular platelet rich plasma for the symptomatic management of osteoarthritis of the knee: a pilot study
Authors: Sibillin Olivia , Mitchell David , Harris Greg , Harvey Jack , Spencer Polly , Spencer Luke 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundOsteoarthritis of the knee is a chronic inflammatory condition resulting in significant patient disability, with intra‐articular platelet rich plasma (PRP) injections having shown potential to improve symptomatic outcomes. This retrospective cohort pilot study aimed to observe whether PRP injections were beneficial in the symptomatic management of knee osteoarthritis in an Australian population, based on patient reported outcomes. An additional aim was to observe for an association between the number of injections and patient characteristics, such as body mass index, age, sex and radiologically determined severity of the disease.MethodsThe cohort was drawn from those who attended Ballarat Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine for PRP injections and who had completed the appropriate pre‐ and post‐injection Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire. WOMAC scores were analysed to observe for any difference following a course of PRP injections.ResultsThe data suggest that the use of PRP improved patient reported WOMAC scores. Additionally, it was shown that two injections had a greater effect than one injection, with a third injection providing no further benefit. Finally, there was an association with lower WOMAC scores post PRP therapy amongst male participants compared to female participants.ConclusionThese results suggest two PRP injections are optimal for the symptomatic management of knee osteoarthritis, identifying a need for further prospective research in this Australian population.
Robot‐assisted completion gastrectomy preserving interposed jejunum in remnant gastric cancer following a proximal gastrectomy reconstructed by jejunal interposition: A case report
Authors: Kanai Tatsuya , Cho Haruhiko , Takagi Maki , Funatsu Nozomi , Sasaki Naomichi , Ogawa Rei , Maezawa Yukio , Tsuchida Kazuhito 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMinimally invasive completion gastrectomy is technically demanding and comprises a variety of procedures depending on the previous operation. We present herein a case of robot‐assisted completion gastrectomy preserving the interposed jejunum in remnant gastric cancer following a proximal gastrectomy reconstructed by jejunal interposition. A 76‐year‐old, male patient experienced newly developed stage cT1bN0M0 gastric cancer in the distal remnant stomach 5 years after his initial proximal gastrectomy. Endoscopic submucosal dissection was not feasible because of tumor depth and poor cancer cell differentiation. The robotic approach was chosen because of the early cancer stage, prior laparoscopic surgery, and the patient's advanced age. The interposed jejunum was successfully preserved, and a new overlap anastomosis was created between it and the retrocolic Roux‐en‐Y limb. Robot‐assisted completion gastrectomy was safely performed even after a proximal gastrectomy with jejunal interposition.
International validation of the EORTC QLQ‐CLL17 questionnaire for assessment of health‐related quality of life for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Oerlemans Simone , Efficace Fabio , Kieffer Jacobien M. , Kyriakou Charalampia , Xochelli Aliki , Levedahl Kerstin , Petranovic Duska , Borges Fabio Cardoso , Bredart Anne , Shamieh Omar , Gziskevicius Laimonas , Lehmann Jens , Scholz Christian W. , Caocci Giovanni , Molica Stefano , Stamatopoulos Kostas , Panteliadou Alkistis‐Kyra , Papaioannou Maria , Alrjoob Waleed , Baliakas Panagiotis , Rosenquist Richard , Malak Sandra , Miranda Ana , Cocks Kim , van de Poll‐Franse Lonneke ,   the EORTC Quality of Life Group
Published: March 2022

SummarySelecting the most appropriate chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) treatment is challenging. Patient‐reported health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) is therefore a critical aspect to consider. This international study by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) tested the psychometric properties of a newly developed measure for CLL patients: the EORTC QLQ‐CLL17 to supplement the core questionnaire (EORTC QLQ‐C30). Patients with CLL (n = 341) from 12 countries completed the QLQ‐C30, QLQ‐CLL17 and a debriefing questionnaire. Sociodemographic and clinical data were recorded from medical records. A high percentage (30%–66%) reported symptoms and/or worries (e.g. aches/pains in muscles, lack of energy and worry/fears about health). Confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable to good fit of the 17 items on the three scales (i.e. symptom burden, physical condition/fatigue and worries/fears about health and functioning). Completion took on average 8 min. Test–retest and convergent validity was demonstrated. The QLQ‐CLL17 differentiated between patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology group (ECOG) performance of 0 versus 1–3 (p's < 0.01 and clinically relevant). The newly developed EORTC QLQ‐CLL17 will increase sensitivity of HRQoL assessment in patients with CLL. Implementation of this questionnaire both in clinical research and practice will help to generate unique clinically relevant data to better inform CLL treatment decision‐making.
Rituximab‐treated patients with lymphoma develop strong CD8 T‐cell responses following COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Riise Jon , Meyer Saskia , Blaas Isaac , Chopra Adity , Tran Trung T. , Delic‐Sarac Marina , Hestdalen Malu Lian , Brodin Ellen , Rustad Even Holth , Dai Ke‐Zheng , Vaage John Torgils , Nissen‐Meyer Lise Sofie Haug , Sund Fredrik , Wader Karin F. , Bjornevik Anne T. , Meyer Peter A. , Nygaard Gro O. , König Marton , Smeland Sigbjørn , Lund‐Johansen Fridtjof , Olweus Johanna , Kolstad Arne 
Published: March 2022

SummaryB‐cell depletion induced by anti‐cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy of patients with lymphoma is expected to impair humoral responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccination, but effects on CD8 T‐cell responses are unknown. Here, we investigated humoral and CD8 T‐cell responses following two vaccinations in patients with lymphoma undergoing anti‐CD20‐mAb therapy as single agent or in combination with chemotherapy or other anti‐neoplastic agents during the last 9 months prior to inclusion, and in healthy age‐matched blood donors. Antibody measurements showed that seven of 110 patients had antibodies to the receptor‐binding domain of the SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike protein 3–6 weeks after the second dose of vaccination. Peripheral blood CD8 T‐cell responses against prevalent human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I SARS‐CoV‐2 epitopes were determined by peptide‐HLA multimer analysis. Strong CD8 T‐cell responses were observed in samples from 20/29 patients (69%) and 12/16 (75%) controls, with similar median response magnitudes in the groups and some of the strongest responses observed in patients. We conclude that despite the absence of humoral immune responses in fully SARS‐CoV‐2‐vaccinated, anti‐CD20‐treated patients with lymphoma, their CD8 T‐cell responses reach similar frequencies and magnitudes as for controls. Patients with lymphoma on B‐cell depleting therapies are thus likely to benefit from current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines, and development of vaccines aimed at eliciting T‐cell responses to non‐Spike epitopes might provide improved protection.
Effects of sleep on positive, negative and neutral valenced story and image memory
Authors: Reid Alex , Bloxham Anthony , Carr Michelle , van Rijn Elaine , Basoudan Nasreen , Tulip Chloe , Blagrove Mark 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDuring sleep, emotional memories are preferentially strengthened. However, most studies on sleep and emotional memory focus on comparing negative valence with neutral valence stimuli. This study compared the sleep‐dependent memory effects for stories and images, each comprising negative, neutral, and positive stimuli. It was hypothesized that a sleep effect would be seen for negatively and positively valenced stimuli. A novel story memory task (comprising three stories), and photographs from the Nencki Affective Picture database were presented for learning to 61 healthy adults (ages 18–25). They were tested for memory on the two tasks immediately, and then again after either a 2‐hr nap (n = 31; 17 women, 14 men) or 2‐hr wake period (n = 30; 13 women, 17 men). At second testing, the sleep condition had significantly better recall compared to the wake condition on both tasks. There was a relationship with valence only for the story task, with better performance for the sleep condition on the negatively and positively valenced texts, but not on the neutral text. There were no significant relationships between memory measures and sleep‐stage duration and EEG power variables. The story memory findings support the hypothesis that memory consolidation prioritizes emotional memory, whether positively or negatively valenced.
Advances for future working following an online dramatherapy group for adults with intellectual disabilities and mental ill health during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A service evaluation for Cumbria, Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust
Authors: Bourne Jane , Brown Claire , Corrigan Debbie , Goldblatt Phil , Hackett Simon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, social distancing measures were enforced and the national lockdown underlined our reliance on virtual means as a way to communicate. This new way of interacting highlighted that people with an intellectual disability were a large proportion of a digitally excluded population.MethodsA service evaluation, using a mixed method design in the form of four self‐reported outcome measures and qualitative feedback.FindingsClinical services need to continue when face to face sessions are not possible. Remote groups can be an alternative option not only when self‐isolating due to pandemics but when living in remote locations, having physical health problems or excessive expenses and travel costs.ConclusionsOnline dramatherapy groups can be a beneficial alternative when face to face groups are not possible or challenging to attend due to access difficulties. Online groups can offer opportunities to meet with peers, build relationships, improve confidence and learn new skills in technology.
Global kelp forest restoration: past lessons, present status, and future directions
Authors: Eger Aaron M. , Marzinelli Ezequiel M. , Christie Hartvig , Fagerli Camilla W. , Fujita Daisuke , Gonzalez Alejandra P. , Hong Seok Woo , Kim Jeong Ha , Lee Lynn C. , McHugh Tristin Anoush , Nishihara Gregory N. , Tatsumi Masayuki , Steinberg Peter D. , Vergés Adriana 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTKelp forest ecosystems and their associated ecosystem services are declining around the world. In response, marine managers are working to restore and counteract these declines. Kelp restoration first started in the 1700s in Japan and since then has spread across the globe. Restoration efforts, however, have been largely disconnected, with varying methodologies trialled by different actors in different countries. Moreover, a small subset of these efforts are ‘afforestation’, which focuses on creating new kelp habitat, as opposed to restoring kelp where it previously existed. To distil lessons learned over the last 300 years of kelp restoration, we review the history of kelp restoration (including afforestation) around the world and synthesise the results of 259 documented restoration attempts spanning from 1957 to 2020, across 16 countries, five languages, and multiple user groups. Our results show that kelp restoration projects have increased in frequency, have employed 10 different methodologies and targeted 17 different kelp genera. Of these projects, the majority have been led by academics (62%), have been conducted at sizes of less than 1 ha (80%) and took place over time spans of less than 2 years. We show that projects are most successful when they are located near existing kelp forests. Further, disturbance events such as sea‐urchin grazing are identified as regular causes of project failure. Costs for restoration are historically high, averaging hundreds of thousands of dollars per hectare, therefore we explore avenues to reduce these costs and suggest financial and legal pathways for scaling up future restoration efforts. One key suggestion is the creation of a living database which serves as a platform for recording restoration projects, showcasing and/or re‐analysing existing data, and providing updated information. Our work establishes the groundwork to provide adaptive and relevant recommendations on best practices for kelp restoration projects today and into the future.
COVID‐related distress, mental health, and substance use in adolescents and young adults
Authors: Villanti Andrea C. , LePine S. Elisha , Peasley‐Miklus Catherine , West Julia C. , Roemhildt Maria , Williams Rhonda , Copeland William E. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThis study examined the impact of COVID‐related disruptions on mental health and substance use in young people residing in a state with an initially lower COVID burden and earlier reopening of in‐person learning than other states.MethodsData come from Waves 3 (Fall 2019) and 4 (Fall 2020) of the Policy and Communication Evaluation (PACE) Vermont, an online cohort study of adolescents (ages 12–17) and young adults (ages 18–25). Participants in Wave 4 (212 adolescents; 662 young adults) completed items on COVID‐related stressors, the impact of the pandemic on their substance use, brief mental health scales, and past 30‐day substance use. Analyses examined correlational and longitudinal relationships between COVID‐related stressors, mental health symptoms, and substance use.ResultsMore than 60% of participants noted negative effects of the pandemic on their physical, emotional, and social well‐being, with greater impacts of COVID‐related stressors in young adults than adolescents. There were significant increases in depressive (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.03, 1.66) and anxiety symptoms (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.10, 1.64) in young adults between Fall 2019 and Fall 2020. Higher overall COVID Impact scores were associated with higher odds of depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as past 30‐day electronic vapor product use, in adjusted cross‐sectional and longitudinal models.ConclusionsRobust associations between COVID‐related distress, mental health, and substance use outcomes in young people signal the opportunity to increase evidence‐based interventions while adding novel approaches to minimize longer‐term harms of the pandemic on mental health in adolescents and young adults.
Anti‐phospholipid antibodies are elevated and functionally active in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Eide Jacob G. , Wu Jeffanie , Stevens Whitney W. , Bai Junqin , Hou Songwang , Huang Julia H. , Rosenberg Jacob , Utz Paul , Shintani‐Smith Stephanie , Conley David B. , Welch Kevin C. , Kern Robert C. , Hulse Kathryn E. , Peters Anju T. , Grammer Leslie C. , Zhao Ming , Lindholm Paul , Schleimer Robert P. , Tan Bruce K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundPolyps from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) contain increased levels of autoreactive antibodies, B cells and fibrin deposition. Anti‐phospholipid antibodies (APA) are autoantibodies known to cause thrombosis but have not been implicated in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).ObjectiveTo compare APA levels (anti‐cardiolipin, anti‐phosphatidylethanolamine (anti‐PE), and anti‐β2‐glycoprotein (anti‐B2GP)) in nasal polyp (NP) tissue with tissue from control and CRS without nasal polyp (CRSsNP) patients, we tested whether NP antibodies affect coagulation, and correlate APAs with anti‐dsDNA IgG and markers of coagulation.MethodsPatient specimens were assayed for APA IgG, anti‐dsDNA IgG and thrombin‐anti‐thrombin (TaT) complex by ELISA. Antibodies from a subset of specimens were tested for modified activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) measured on an optical‐mechanical coagulometer.ResultsAnti‐cardiolipin IgG in NP was 5‐fold higher than control tissue (p < .0001). NP antibodies prolonged aPTT compared to control tissue antibodies at 400 µg/mL (36.7 s vs. 33.8 s, p = .024) and 600 µg/mL (40.9 s vs. 34.7 s, p = .0037). Anti‐PE IgG antibodies were increased in NP (p = .027), but anti‐B2GP IgG was not significantly higher (p = .084). All APAs correlated with anti‐dsDNA IgG levels, which were also elevated (R = .77, .71 and .54, respectively, for anti‐cardiolipin, anti‐PE, and anti‐B2GP; all p < .001), but only anti‐cardiolipin (R = .50, p = .0185) and anti‐PE (R = 0.45, p = .037) correlated with TaT complex levels.ConclusionsAPA IgG antibodies are increased in NP and correlate with autoreactive tissue antibodies. NP antibodies have in vitro anti‐coagulant activity similar to those observed in anti‐phospholipid syndrome, suggesting that they may have pro‐coagulant effects in polyp tissue.
Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in Horses from communities of the Mapuche native people, Araucanía Region, Chile
Authors: Tuemmers Christian , Fellenberg Constanza , Pérez Eugenio J. , Paillaqueo Javier 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere are no studies of potential zoonotic diseases in Mapuche communities’ horses.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in horses of the Mapuche communities.Study designThis was a cross‐sectional study.MethodsFaecal samples from 100 randomly selected horses (n = 100) were taken from rural Mapuche communities from four municipalities from the Araucanía Region. These samples were processed with the modified Ziehl‐Neelsen staining technique and grouped by sex, age and municipality.ResultsThe general prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was 67.0% (n = 67). The prevalence was 51.0% (n = 51) in males and 49.0% (n = 49) in females, and there is no gender association to the presentation of Cryptosporidium spp. The prevalence by municipality was 60.0%, 80.0%, 64.0% and 64.0% in Curarrehue, Lonquimay, Padre las Casas and Teodoro Schmidt, respectively. The above shows no significant association between the sector and the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. The prevalence by age was 95.4% of horses tested positive for Cryptosporidium between birth and 6 years of age. About 27.3% of horses were tested positive in the age group between 7 and 10 years. There was no presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in the age group older than 11 years, showing a significant relationship between the age of the animal and the presence of Cryptosporidium (P ˂ 0.05).Main limitationsThe sample analysis did not specifically identify the type of Cryptosporidium, and it was not possible to evaluate the zoonotic risk in the Mapuche communities.ConclusionsCryptosporidium spp. is present in working horses in Mapuche communities, with a 67.7% general prevalence, and there is a significant association between this parasite and the age of the horses, being higher in the age group between 0 and 6 years, with a prevalence of 95.4%. There may be a potential zoonotic risk in the Mapuche communities.
Deriving the minimum staff number requirement for intelligent staff scheduling: An efficient constructive method and application
Authors: Cao Bin , Chen Hao , Wang Zijie , Wang Ting , Fan Jing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEffective staff scheduling is a critical activity of successful software development management. Due to its difficulty and broad applications in many service delivery scenarios, staff scheduling has been studied for several decades. However, most existing work focus on constructing the working schedules based on a given workforce size. This paper tries to solve a prerequisite issue before performing staff scheduling, i.e., testing whether the already existed manpower can meet the scheduling requirements. Though it is possible to use network flow theory or artificial intelligence (AI) methods like genetic algorithms to solve this problem, their time complexities could be too high to be used for large problem sizes. This paper proposes a constructive method that can derive the minimum staff number for three scheduling problem variants in a linear running time, and in the meantime a corresponding working schedule that can satisfy all the problem constraints can be produced. We not only theoretically show the lower bound for the computation time complexity of our proposed method but also prove its correctness. Moreover, based on the derived minimum staff number, we further explore the genetic algorithm for generating the schedule and compare its performance with our method. The experiments show that our method outperforms the baselines in terms of both effectiveness and efficiency.
Inflammatory molecules facilitate the development of docetaxel‐resistant prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Wang Shikang , Han Leiqiang , Li Juan , Liu Yongqing , Wang Shaoyong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNumerous molecular mechanisms have been found to contribute to docetaxel‐induced resistance in prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, the changes in gene expression profiles of multidrug resistant PCa cells that were established in response to docetaxel were determined using microarray analysis. In addition to alterations in the expression of multidrug resistance‐associated genes, the expression levels of multiple inflammatory molecules, in particular IL‐6, significantly increased in resistant cells in vitro and in vivo, which further increased with the development of drug resistance following microarray, qRT‐PCR and ELISA analysis. Compared with parental cells, resistant cells also presented with stronger activation of multiple IL‐6‐associated signaling pathways STAT1/3, NF‐κB, and PI3K/AKT. Inactivation of IL‐6 using a neutralizing antibody resulted in a slight effect on the sensitivity of resistant cells to docetaxel, while blockade of of STAT1/3, NF‐κB, or PI3K/AKT signaling significantly resensitized resistant cells to docetaxel. Of note, simultaneous inactivation of IL‐6 and STAT1/3, PI3K/AKT or NF‐κB further enhanced the sensitivity of the resistant cells to docetaxel. Thus, inflammatory molecules, in particular IL‐6, and IL‐6‐associated signaling pathways NF‐κB, STAT1/3, and PI3K/AKT, are crucial mediators of the development of docetaxel‐resistance in PCa. Targeting inflammatory molecules and signaling pathways could be a potential therapeutic option for the intervention of drug resistance in PCa.
Analytic visual word recognition among Chinese L2 learners
Authors: Jiang Nan , Feng Lijuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe process of word recognition can be analytic (or serial) or holistic (or parallel). They differ in the size of the processing units (lexical vs. sublexical) or in whether sublexical units are processed sequentially or simultaneously. First language (L1) reading development has been found to involve a transition from serial processing to parallel processing, as shown in a decreasing length or stroke number effect among readers of increasing proficiencies. The present study was intended to explore the use of analytic versus holistic character recognition strategies in the second language (L2) learners, an issue that has not received much attention. Chinese native speakers and learners of Chinese as a second language (CSL) were tested in a variant of the lexical decision task on Chinese characters of different numbers of strokes. Regression analyses with reaction times as an outcome variable and stroke number as a predictor variable showed that CSL speakers produced a stroke number effect where native speakers did not. The results were interpreted as evidence for the employment of an analytic processing strategy by L2 speakers. The findings raised several important issues for future research and for pedagogical considerations.