bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Retinoid Kills Drug‐Resistant Cancer Stem Cells via Inducing RARγ‐Translocation‐Mediated Tension Reduction and Chromatin Decondensation
Authors: Zhang Yao , Dong Qi , An Quanlin , Zhang Chumei , Mohagheghian Erfan , Niu Bing , Qi Feng , Wei Fuxiang , Chen Sihan , Chen Xinman , Wang Anqi , Cao Xin , Wang Ning , Chen Junwei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA recently developed synthetic retinoid abrogates proliferation and induces apoptosis of drug‐resistant malignant‐cancer‐stem‐cell‐like cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of how the synthetic retinoid induces cancer‐stem‐cell‐like cell tumor‐repopulating cell (TRC) apoptosis are elusive. Here, it is shown that although the retinoid and conventional anticancer drugs cisplatin, all‐trans retinoic acid, and tazarotene all inhibit cytoskeletal tension and decondense chromatin prior to inducing TRC apoptosis, half‐maximal inhibitory concentration of the retinoid is 20‐fold lower than those anticancer drugs. The synthetic retinoid induces retinoic acid receptor gamma (RARγ) translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, leading to reduced RARγ binding to Cdc42 promoter and Cdc42 downregulation, which decreases filamentous‐actin (F‐actin) and inhibits cytoskeletal tension. Elevating F‐actin or upregulating histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation decreases retinoid‐induced DNA damage and apoptosis of TRCs. The combinatorial treatment with a chromatin decondensation molecule and the retinoid inhibits tumor metastasis in mice more effectively than the synthetic retinoid alone. These findings suggest a strategy of lowering cell tension and decondensing chromatin to enhance DNA damage to abrogate metastasis of cancer‐stem‐cell‐like cells with high efficacy.
Tumor Microenvironment Stimuli‐Responsive Single‐NIR‐Laser Activated Synergistic Phototherapy for Hypoxic Cancer by Perylene Functionalized Dual‐Targeted Upconversion Nanoparticles
Authors: Jia Xiuna , Liu Deming , Yu Cong , Niu Niu , Li Dan , Wang Jin , Wang Erkang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough synergistic therapy has shown great promise for effective treatment of cancer, the unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy of photothermal therapy/photodynamic therapy is resulted from the absorption wavelength mismatch, tumor hypoxia, photosensitizer leakage, and inability in intelligent on‐demand activation. Herein, based on the characteristics of tumor microenvironment (TME), such as the slight acidity, hypoxia, and overexpression of H2O2, a TME stimuli‐responsive and dual‐targeted composite nanoplatform (UCTTD‐PC4) is strategically explored by coating a tannic acid (TA)/Fe3+ nanofilm with good biocompatibility onto the upconversion nanoparticles in an ultrafast, green and simple way. The pH‐responsive feature of UCTTD‐PC4 remains stable during the blood circulation, while rapidly releases Fe3+ in the slightly acidic tumor cells, which results in catalyzing H2O2 to produce O2 and overcoming the tumor hypoxia. Notably, the emission spectrum of the UCTTD perfectly matches the absorption spectrum of the photosensitizer (perylene probe (PC4)) to achieve the enhanced therapeutic effect triggered by a single laser. This study provides a new strategy for the rational design and development of the safe and efficient single near‐infrared laser‐triggered synergistic treatment platform for hypoxic cancer under the guidance of multimodal imaging.
Grassland easement acquisition: Conversion hazard rate, additionality, spatial spillover, and heuristics
Authors: Miao Ruiqing , Feng Hongli , Hennessy David A. , Arora Gaurav , Loesch Charles R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study investigates optimal grassland easement acquisition strategies with a focus on the roles of environmental benefit additionality and spatial spillover effect of grassland conversion. Numerical analysis shows that the optimal solution under a targeting strategy that does not consider any spatial spillover effect may secure less environmental benefit additionality than does a heuristic algorithm that considers spatial spillover. Moreover, heuristic algorithms that consider either conversion probability or spatial spillover can generally achieve more than 97% of environmental benefit additionality obtained under the optimal solution of a targeting strategy that considers both additionality and spatial spillover.
Replacing fallow with field pea in wheat production systems across western Nebraska
Authors: Koeshall Samuel T. , Easterly Amanda C. , Werle Rodrigo , Stepanovic Strahinja , Creech Cody F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntegration of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) (FP) into dryland cropping systems has increased due to ecological and economic benefits, paired with a growing market for pea‐derived products. Challenges exist in the High Plains that limit the integration of crop rotations to replace fallow periods with FP in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)‐based systems. This experiment compares chemical summer fallow to FP in a fallow–wheat rotation at two locations in western Nebraska. Soil water content, soil fertility, N mineralization, FP yield, and subsequent hard red winter wheat (HWW) yields were recorded. Subsequent HWW yields were not different between crop sequences (P = .42). The interaction of site‐year with crop sequence explained the HWW yield differences (P = .0005), mostly due to precipitation variability among site‐years. Most soil parameters tested only showed a main effect of date due to temporal changes in soil nutrient cycling. Replacing summer fallow with FP resulted in reduced soil water content, however, that did not result in long‐term moisture deficiency due to crop sequence type. System annualized gross revenue was equal to or greater for 2 site‐years for FP compared with fallow, with an average increase of US$113.15 ha–1. Pea–wheat reduced annualized net losses in 1 site‐year by $70 ha–1 compared with fallow–wheat in the "average" pricing model. Among 3 site‐years and three pricing models, pea–wheat resulted in greater net profit or reduced net losses compared with fallow–wheat in 5 site‐year comparisons.
An Organo‐Palladium Host Built from a Dynamic Macrocyclic Ligand: Adaptive Self‐Assembly, Induced‐Fit Guest Binding, and Catalysis
Authors: Yan Dan‐Ni , Cai Li‐Xuan , Hu Shao‐Jun , Zhou Yan‐Fang , Zhou Li‐Peng , Sun Qing‐Fu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractArtificial hosts with rich conformational dynamics are attractive to supramolecular chemists due to their adaptive guest‐binding properties and enzyme‐like catalytic functions. We report here the adaptive self‐assembly and host‐guest catalysis of a new water‐soluble organo‐palladium host (Pd2L2) built from a pyridinium‐bonded macrocyclic ligand (L) andcis‐blocked palladium corners (Pd). While the direct self‐assembly of L with Pd gives rise to a dynamic mixture of products, both neutral polyaromatic hydrocarbons and an anionic polyoxometalate cluster (W10O324−) can template the dominant formation of the Pd2L2host. Guest‐adaptive conformational changes and induced‐fit cavity deformation of the Pd2L2host have been clearly observed in the crystal structures. Moreover, the installation of the electron‐rich W10O324−cluster within the cationic redox‐active host (W10O32⊂Pd2L2) facilitates the efficient and selective C−H photooxidation of toluene derivatives to aldehyde products under mild conditions, thus representing an ideal platform for green supramolecular catalysis.
Photoelectrocatalytic Reforming of Polyol‐based Biomass into CO and H2 over Nitrogen‐doped WO3 with Built‐in Electric Fields
Authors: Kong Fanhao , Zhou Hongru , Chen Zhiwei , Dou Zhaolin , Wang Min 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCO and H2 evolution from renewable and abundant biomass represent a sustainable way, but is challenged to be produced under mild conditions. Herein, we propose to produce CO and H2 from biomass via a divided photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell at room temperature. Nitrogen doped tungsten trioxide (N‐WO3) photoanode reforms biopolyols to CO and H+, and platinum cathode reduces H+ to H2, achieving CO evolution rate of 45 mmol m−2 h−1 (>75 % gas selectivity) and H2 evolution rate of 237 mmol m−2 h−1 with purity >99.99 % from glycerol. The nitrogen doping induces structure polarity of WO3 photoanode, leading to the formation of an internal electric field which promotes the separation and transfer of the photoinduced charges and improves PEC efficiency. A wide range of biopolyols, such as ethylene glycol, xylose, fructose, glucose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, and inulin were effectively converted into CO and H2. This work provides a promising method to produce highly pure H2 together with CO from biomass.
Anion‐Trap Engineering toward Remarkable Crystallographic Reorientation and Efficient Cation Migration of Zn Ion Batteries
Authors: Qiu Meijia , Sun Peng , Wang Yu , Ma Liang , Zhi Chunyi , Mai Wenjie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractZn batteries are considered as potential candidates in future power sources, however suffer problems of rampant dendrite/by‐product on Zn anodes, torpid Zn2+ transfer/diffusion and poor energy density. Inspired by the host‐guest interaction chemistry, an anion‐trap agent β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) is introduced into the Zn(ClO4)2 electrolyte to induce dominant Zn (002) deposition and improve Zn2+ migration behaviors. The anion ClO4− is revealed to be trapped inside the cavity of β‐CD, impairing barriers for Zn2+ migration and significantly elevating the Zn2+ transference number to 0.878. Meanwhile, the β‐CD@ClO4− complex shows the function in preferential growth of the Zn (002), blocking the approach of dendrite growth. Above combined functions lead to substantial enhancement in long‐term stability and cell capacity, as proved by 10 times longer life of Zn||Zn symmetric cells and 57 % capacity increasement of Zn‐MnO2 full cells (at 0.1 A g−1) compared with that of pure Zn(ClO4)2 electrolyte.
Synthesis of Fully Exposed Single‐Atom‐Layer Metal Clusters on 2D Ordered Mesoporous TiO2 Nanosheets
Authors: Duan Linlin , Hung Chin‐Te , Wang Jinxiu , Wang Changyao , Ma Bing , Zhang Wei , Ma Yuzhu , Zhao Zaiwang , Yang Chaochao , Zhao Tiancong , Peng Liang , Liu Di , Zhao Dongyuan , Li Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA sulfhydryl monomicelles interfacial assembly strategy is presented for the synthesis of fully exposed single‐atom‐layer Pt clusters on 2D mesoporous TiO2 (SAL‐Pt@mTiO2) nanosheets. This synthesis features the introduction of the sulfhydryl group in monomicelles to finely realize the controllable co‐assembly process of Pt precursors within ordered mesostructures. The resultant SAL‐Pt@mTiO2 shows uniform SAL Pt clusters (≈1.2 nm) anchored in ultrathin 2D nanosheets (≈7 nm) with a high surface area (139 m2 g−1), a large pore size (≈25 nm) and a high dispersion (≈99 %). Moreover, this strategy is universal for the synthesis of other SAL metal clusters (Pd and Au) on 2D mTiO2 with high exposure and accessibility. When used as a catalyst for hydrogenation of 4‐nitrostyrene, the SAL‐Pt@mTiO2 shows a high catalytic activity (TOF up to 2424 h−1), 100 % selectivity for 4‐aminostyrene, good stability, and anti‐resistance to thiourea poisoning under relatively mild conditions (25 °C, 10 bar).
Shape‐Memory Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Yang Liangliang , Liu Qingjiang , Liu Youfa , Chen Xiaoyang , Luo Jinhao , Huang Yan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith the great development of rechargeable energy storage devices, security, operation, product life and quality of experience of these devices have attracted special attention. Aiming to resolve these challenges, smart electrochemical energy storage devices with shape memory function are being developed, because shape memory material can well serve as a detector. For example, if there is a risk during the use of a battery, it can convey the information in the form of shape and play the role of automatic protection simultaneously. In this review, we briefly introduce mechanisms and materials of shape memory, summarize the research progress of electrochemical energy storage devices with shape memory function in recent years, and the application of such energy storage devices. Furthermore, challenges and opportunities for the development of shape memory electrochemical devices are discussed.
Conducting Carbon Rich Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets with Attached Nano Sulfur Copolymer as High Capacity Cathode for Long‐Lifespan Lithium‐Sulfur Battery
Authors: Tiwari Rupesh K. , Singh Shishir K. , Srivastava Nitin , Mishra Raghvendra , Meghnani Dipika , Patel Anupam , Tiwari Anurag , Tiwari Vimal K. , Singh Rajendra K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA mesoporous, conducting, high specific surface area, carbon‐rich graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) nanosheets host covered by nano sulfur copolymer has been reported as a cathode material that shows high capacity along with long cyclability for rechargeable lithium‐sulfur batteries (LiSBs). The thermal pyrolysis technique has been used for carbon‐rich GCN sheets synthesis, and the chemical deposition approach has been used to attach surface nanoparticles to the sheets. Further, to improve the binding of nano sulfur with host material, copolymerization of nano sulfur is carried out with help of 1,3‐diethynylbenzene (DEB) monomer through the solution route. The sulfur nanoparticles are loaded on conducting carbon‐rich GCN framework for fast electro kinematics and further copolymerization of sulfur nanoparticles is done to prevent the dissolution of the active material (sulfur) into the electrolyte during the charging/discharging for high capacity and long cycle life rechargeable LiSBs cathode preparation. The synthesized composite with high sulfur loading (∼76 wt.% of composite cathode material) as cathode shows an initial discharge capacity of ∼1380 mAh g−1at 0.1 C and a good discharge capacity of ∼700 mAh g−1after 1000 cycles at 1 C with ultra‐low‐capacity fading ∼0.016 % of the initial capacity in each cycle.
Survey of Zirconium‐Containing NaSICON‐type Solid‐State Li+ Ion Conductors with the Aim of Increasing Reduction Stability by Partial Cation Substitution
Authors: Loutati Asmaa , Odenwald Philipp , Aktekin Burak , Sann Joachim , Guillon Olivier , Tietz Frank , Fattakhova‐Rohlfing Dina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVarious compositions of the series Li1+xM3+xZr2−x(PO4)3 where M3+=Al3+, Sc3+, Y3+ were prepared by solution‐assisted solid‐state reaction, since they could have a higher reduction stability as solid electrolytes in lithium batteries than in germanium‐ or titanium‐containing materials. The influence of substitution on crystallographic parameters, density, and ionic conductivity were investigated. The cation substitution of M3+ (M=Al, Sc, Y) for Zr4+ in LiZr2(PO4)3 stabilizes the rhombohedral NaSICON structure (space group
) at room temperature and increases the ionic conductivity significantly. Here, at 25 °C and with a consistent relative density of 94 %–96 %, an ionic conductivity of 2.7×10−5 S cm−1, 6.7×10−5 S cm−1, and 3.6×10−6 S cm−1 was achieved with the compositions Li1.2Sc0.2Zr1.8(PO4)3, Li1.2Y0.2Zr1.8(PO4)3, and Li1.2Al0.2Zr1.8(PO4)3, respectively. In comparison with Li1+xScxZr2−x(PO4)3, the Y3+ substitution in LiZr2(PO4)3 enhanced the ionic conductivity slightly and denoted the maximum Li+ ionic conductivity obtained at room temperature. However, substitution with Al3+ decreased the ionic conductivity. For the first time, this work provides a complete overview of three series of solid Li‐ion conductors in the Li2O‐M2O3‐ZrO2‐P2O5 system where M=Al, Sc, Y. Noticeable differences in the chemistry of resulting compounds were observed, which likely depend on the ionic radius of the cations being substituted. The series with Sc showed complete miscibility from x=0 to x=2 with a continuous change of the NaSICON polymorphs. The series with Y showed a solubility limit at about x=0.3 and higher substitution levels led to the increasing formation of YPO4. The series with Al exhibited continuously decreasing ionic conductivity until x=1, whereupon the investigation was terminated due to its very low conductivity of about 10−10 S cm−1.
The impact of anger and self‐concealment on post‐traumatic stress and psychiatric comorbid symptoms in Chinese prisoners: A longitudinal study
Authors: Chung Man Cheung , Chen Zhuo Sheng , Han Bu Xin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundResearch reported prevalence of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among prisoners varies between countries, with most studies based on Western samples. The trajectory of symptoms has also been controversial. Trauma can affect prisoners' emotions and their emotional regulation tends to be maladaptive.AimsTo examine changes in PTSD and psychiatric comorbidity among prisoners in China over time and to determine whether anger and self‐concealment predicts later distress.MethodIn a longitudinal, prospective study, sentenced men in one prison in China were asked to complete a demographic page and several self‐rating scales: the Post‐traumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale, the General Health Questionnaire‐28, the Clinical Anger Scale and the Self‐Concealment Scale at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after the initial assessment.ResultsMore than half of the 496 participating men were diagnosed with PTSD. For those completing the scales at each evaluation, PTSD‐DS scores were significantly lower at baseline than at the 6‐month and 1‐year assessments. No significant differences were found between the two follow‐up scores. There was no significant difference in psychiatric comorbidity between the three phases. At the cross‐sectional level, after controlling for age and education level, PTSD, anger and self‐concealment were associated with psychiatric comorbidity. At the prospective level, anger predicted PTSD 6 months and 1 year later. Self‐concealment predicted psychiatric comorbidity over time.ConclusionsAmong these prisoners the prevalence of chronic PTSD was far higher than in general population estimates. Early identification of aspects of coping styles is likely to help predict disorder trajectory and inform interventions. Early signs of anger were indicative of the chronic severity of trauma reactions, while the intention to hide distress was related to other later mental health problems.
Calcium Carbonate Dissolution from the Laboratory to the Ocean: Kinetics and Mechanism
Authors: Batchelor‐McAuley Christopher , Yang Minjun , Rickaby Rosalind E. M. , Compton Richard G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe ultimate fate, over the course of millennia, of nearly all of the carbon dioxide formed by humankind is for it to react with calcium carbonate in the world's oceans. Although, this reaction is of global relevance, aspects of the calcite dissolution reaction remain poorly described with apparent contradictions present throughout the expansive literature. In this perspective we aim to evidence how a lack of appreciation of the role of mass‐transport may have hampered developments in this area. These insights have important implications for both idealised experiments performed under laboratory conditions and for the measurement and modelling of oceanic calcite sediment dissolution.
Characterization of a Novel Cytochrome Involved in Geobacter sulfurreducens’ Electron Harvesting Pathways
Authors: Teixeira Liliana R. , Fernandes Tomás M. , Silva Marta A. , Morgado Leonor , Salgueiro Carlos A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractElectron harvesting bacteria are key targets to develop microbial electrosynthesis technologies, which are valid alternatives for the production of value‐added compounds without utilization of fossil fuels. Geobacter sulfurreducens, that is capable of donating and accepting electrons from electrodes, is one of the most promising electroactive bacteria. Its electron transfer mechanisms to electrodes have been progressively elucidated, however the electron harvesting pathways are still poorly understood. Previous studies showed that the periplasmic cytochromes PccH and GSU2515 are overexpressed in current‐consuming G. sulfurreducens biofilms. PccH was characterized, though no putative partners have been identified. In this work, GSU2515 was characterized by complementary biophysical techniques and in silico simulations using the AlphaFold neural network. GSU2515 is a low‐spin monoheme cytochrome with a disordered N‐terminal region and an α‐helical C‐terminal domain harboring the heme group. The cytochrome undergoes a redox‐linked heme axial ligand switch, with Met91 and His94 as distal axial ligands in the reduced and oxidized states, respectively. The reduction potential of the cytochrome is negative and modulated by the pH in the physiological range: −78 mV at pH 6 and −113 mV at pH 7. Such pH‐dependence coupled to the redox‐linked switch of the axial ligand allows the cytochrome to drive a proton‐coupled electron transfer step that is crucial to confer directionality to the respiratory chain. Biomolecular interactions and electron transfer experiments indicated that GSU2515 and PccH form a redox complex. Overall, the data obtained highlight for the first time how periplasmic proteins bridge the electron transfer between the outer and inner membrane in the electron harvesting pathways of G. sulfurreducens.
Synthesis and separation of diastereomeric N‐(1‐phenylethyl)amides of inherently chiral hydroxydibenzoyloxy‐calix[4]arene acetic acids
Authors: Trybrat Oleksandr O. , Yesypenko Oleksandr A. , Rusanov Eduard B. , Kalchenko Vitaly I. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA preparative method for the synthesis of optically pure N‐(1‐phenylethyl)amides of inherently chiral (cR)‐ and (cS)‐dibenzoyloxy‐calix[4]arene acetic acids has been developed. Their absolute stereochemical configuration was determined by X‐ray diffraction analysis.
New Dimensions in Catalysis Research with Hard X‐Ray Tomography
Authors: Das Srashtasrita , Pashminehazar Reihaneh , Sharma Shweta , Weber Sebastian , Sheppard Thomas L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe structure and function of solid catalysts are inseparably linked at length scales from nm to cm and beyond. Hard X‐ray tomography offers unique potential for spatially‐resolved characterization by combining flexible spatial resolution with a range of chemical contrasts. However, the full capabilities of hard X‐ray tomography have not been widely explored in the catalysis community. This review highlights modern advances in hard X‐ray tomography using synchrotron radiation. Case studies from model to technical scale illustrate the bright future of X‐ray tomography in catalysis research.