bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theaflavin 3-gallate inhibits the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 and reduces its count in vitro
Authors: Chauhan Mahima , Bhardwaj Vijay Kumar , Kumar Asheesh , Kumar Vinod , Kumar Pawan , Enayathullah M. Ghalib , Thomas Jessie , George Joel , Kumar Bokara Kiran , Purohit Rituraj , Kumar Arun , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for its replication/infection and has been recognized as an attractive drug target. In this study, we identified theaflavin 3-gallate as an inhibitor of Mpro protein of SARS-CoV-2 with IC50 value of 18.48 ± 1.29 µM. Compared to theaflavin, theaflavin 3-gallate exhibited superior antiviral activity and at a concentration of 200 µM reduced the viral count by 75% (viral particles reduced from 106.7 to 106.1). Time-dependent analyses of conventional and steered MD-simulations revealed stronger interactions of theaflavin 3-gallate with the active site residues of Mpro than the standard molecule GC373 and theaflavin. Taken together, our findings suggest that theaflavin 3-gallate can be developed into a potential lead molecule against SARS-CoV-2.
Primary Intraocular Lymphoma Masquerading as Unilateral Hypopyonic Anterior Uveitis: A Case Report
Authors: Zamani Ghodsieh , Hajipour Atefeh , Ganjeifar Babak , Ebrahimiadib Nazanin , Hosseini Seyedeh Maryam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To report an unusual case of unilateral anterior segment large B-cell intraocular lymphoma (IOL) presenting as a recurrent hypopyonic anterior uveitisCase Presentation: A 55-year-old female was referred because of recurrent unilateral anterior hypopyonic uveitis with partial response to topical corticosteroid. All of the laboratory tests, review of systems and ocular sampling results were unremarkable. Finally, with probability of masquerading syndromes cytological specimens were obtained 3 times and the last sample showed large B cell lymphoma. However, posterior segment of the eyes has never involved during 18 months’ follow-up. First, it appeared confined to the eye and initially responded favorably to local chemotherapy (methotrexate and rituximab) but later went on to develop systemic involvement. CNS lymphoma was detected in the third brain MRI 6 months following ocular involvement. At this time, systemic chemotherapy was started. In the last 18 months’ follow-up, visual acuity was 20/30 in the right eye without posterior segment or fellow eye involvement. Conclusion: Unusual presentation of PIOL as a unilateral isolated anterior hypopyonic uveitis should be kept in mind. This report emphasizes the importance of precise work-ups and multiple ocular biopsies to confirm the diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma.
New formulas for the trigonometry of isosceles triangles
Authors: King Noah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper discusses a new formula to solve for the angle of isosceles triangles given proportion of differentiated unequivalent edge length versus the always-equivalent edges. The equation is equal to the arcsine of (X/2) multiplied by two. This formula is to be called ‘isn^-1(x)’, short for inverse isosceles sine equivalent. Also discussed is the non-inverse ‘isn(x)’ which is the cyclic function which is determined to correspond as the equivalent of the classic sine formula to isosceles triangles. The formula set is clearly superior and powerful at calculating the angle and measure of any given obtuse or acute triangle of an unclassified type, as well as unifying a simplest-fit formula across all types of triangle.
Prognostic Factors in Preterm Infants with Neonatal Gastrointestinal Perforation: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yuan Peng , Huang Yao , Wang Yi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Gastrointestinal perforation (GIP) among neonates is a major clinical emergency associated with high mortality, which is severe and life-threatening, especially in preterm infants. This study aimed to describe the clinical features of preterm neonatal gastrointestinal perforation and evaluate the potential prognostic factors.
Methods
A total of 191 preterm neonates with gastrointestinal perforation were included in this retrospective cohort study and assigned to survival and non-survival groups. Information containing clinical and demographic data, laboratory and imaging features, and outcomes were collected and recorded by retrospective medical records review. The independent factors associated with death risk were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results
The overall mortality in the study cohort was 25.1%. The median age of onset of gastric perforation was 3 days (range: 1–11 days), while the median age of onset of intestinal perforation was 7.5 days (range: 1–30 days). Abdominal distension (184 [96.3%] patients) was the most common symptom, followed by absent bowel sounds (157 [82.2%] patients), lethargy (148 [77.5%] patients), and shortness of breath (60 [59.4%] patients). Finally, three independent mortality risk factors were identified: severe acidosis (OR,7.604; 95% CI, 1.424‒51.910; p = 0.025), shock (5.131; 2.419‒11.266; p < 0.001) and coagulopathy (3.269; 1.511–7.431; p = 0.003).
Conclusions
Severe acidosis, shock, and coagulopathy are independently and significantly associated with an increased risk of death in preterm infants with neonatal gastrointestinal perforation. The identification of novel risk factors will facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies for preterm neonates with gastrointestinal perforation.
Effect of paramagnetic impurities on superconductivity in polyhydrides: s-wave order parameter in Nd-doped LaH10
Authors: Semenok Dmitrii V. , Troyan Ivan A. , Sadakov Andrey V. , Zhou Di , Galasso Michele , Kvashnin Alexander G. , Kruglov Ivan A. , Bykov Alexey A. , Terent’ev Konstantin Y. , Cherepahin Alexander V. , Sobolevskiy Oleg A. , Pervakov Kirill S. , Seregin Alexey Yu. , Helm Toni , Förster Tobias , Grockowiak Audrey D. , Tozer Stanley W. , Nakamoto Yuki , Shimizu Katsuya , Pudalov Vladimir M. , Lyubutin Igor S. , Oganov Artem R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Polyhydrides are a novel class of superconducting materials with extremely high critical parameters, which is very promising for applications. On the other hand, complete experimental study of the magnetic phase diagram for the best so far known superconductor, lanthanum decahydride LaH10, encounters a serious complication because of the large upper critical magnetic field HC2(0), exceeding 120–160 T. Partial replacement of La atoms by magnetic Nd atoms results in a decrease of the upper critical field, which makes it attainable for existing pulse magnets. We found that addition of neodymium leads to significant suppression of superconductivity in LaH10: each atomic % of Nd causes decrease in TC by 10–11 K. Using strong pulsed magnetic fields up to 68 T, we constructed the magnetic phase diagram of the ternary (La,Nd)H10 superhydride, which appears to be surprisingly linear with HC2 ∝ |T – TC|. The pronounced suppression of superconductivity in LaH10 by magnetic Nd atoms and the robustness of TC with respect to nonmagnetic impurities (e.g., Y, Al, C) under Anderson’s theorem indicate the isotropic (s‑wave) character of conventional electron-phonon pairing in the synthesized superhydrides.
FDP Fluctuation in Severe COVID-19 is Associated With the Development of Thrombotic or Bleeding Complications and Systemic Coagulopathy
Authors: Matsumoto Hironori , Kikuchi Satoshi , Murata Satoru , Ohshita Muneaki , Harima Yutaka , Annen Suguru , Mukai Naoki , Nakabayashi Yuki , Konishi Saki , Ogawa Shirou , Okita Mitsuo , Takeba Jun , Sato Norio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose COVID-19 is sometimes associated with coagulation disorders. In such cases, patients developed elevated D‐dimer and fibrin degradation products (FDP) levels, both of which are associated with high risks of thromboembolic complications and poor prognosis. To date, time course changes of FDP values in COVID-19 patients has not been well evaluated. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether FDP fluctuation in COVID-19 patients are associated with systemic coagulopathy.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the changes in coagulofibrinolytic markers including FDP in 42 COVID-19-ARDS patients. FDP elevation as the fluctuation was defined as follows: 1) FDP>10μg/mL for the first time after admission and 2) 10μg/mL or more elevation after the improvement of the first or subsequent FDP elevations. Results FDP elevation was observed a total of 30 times in 21 patients (50%). Marked intravascular coagulofibrinolytic activation occurred at the same time as the FDP elevation (soluble fibrin: SF, 27.0 [14.9–80.0] μg/mL; thrombin-antithrombin complex: TAT, 7.5 [2.9–17.8] μg/L; plasmin-α2-plasmin inhibitor complex: PIC, 2.4 [1.4–4.2] μg/mL). FDP was elevated in all patients who met sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) diagnosis criteria. Thrombotic or bleeding complications developed in 12 patients (28.6%) and were significantly correlated with FDP elevation (OR [odds ratio] 4.50, 95% CI [confidence interval] 1.01–20.11, p = 0.049). However, there were no significant differences in coagulofibrinolytic activities between the patients with and without SIC or DIC. Conclusions Coagulation activation which can lead to the development of systemic coagulopathy such as DIC occurred with FDP fluctuation in severe COVID-19 patients. However, there is a limit of the application of existing DIC and SIC diagnosis criteria to COVID-19.
Full-state time-varying asymmetric constraint control for non-strict feedback nonlinear systems based on dynamic surface method
Authors: yang zhongjun , dong chuyan , zhang xinyu , wang guogang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

We investigate the tracking control problem for the class of the non-strict feedback nonlinear system with external disturbance and time-varying asymmetric full state constraints. Firstly, the unknown nonlinear term with external disturbance in the system are estimated by fuzzy logic system. The backstepping method is applied to the design of adaptive fuzzy controller. However, to prevent that the constraints are overstepped. By introducing novel tan-type time-varying asymmetric barrier Lyapunov function (TABLF) in each step of backstepping design. Secondly, the dynamic surface control (DSC) is introduced in the algorithm design to solve the complex problem of controller caused by the derivative of virtual control value. The proposed control scheme can speed up the tracking speed of the system. Compared with the previous work, it is verifified that the combination of DSC and TABLF can obtain good performance within the constraint range, and can ensure fast and stable tracking convergence under external disturbance. Finally, two simulation examples verify the performance of the adaptive controller.
Antibacterial Activity of Garlic (Allium Sativum) on Salmonella, Shigella, and E. Coli
Authors: Bekele Damtew , Gebisa Guta 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
This experiment was conducted to see if garlic would inhibit the growth of Salmonella, Shigella and E. coli. This helps to understand the effectiveness of home remedies such as natural herbs includes garlic for medicinal purpose.
Methods
This study focuses on significant antibacterial activity of garlic (Allium sativum) extract against gram negative bacteria like Salmonella, Shigella and E. coli. The plant parts are known to have antimicrobial activity on bacteria which are known to be pathogenic to animals in general and to human in particular. The plant extracts were inoculated on prepared media of microbial culture contains Salmonella, Shigella and E. coli species.
Results
The result obtained indicates garlic has strong effective on Salmonella by reducing number of colonies that survive due to exposure of the anti-microbial agent is approximately similar to that of Salmonella but E. coli species showed some percent of resistance in comparison to Salmonella and Shigella.
Conclusions
The result obtained from this study could serve as an evident that Ethiopian traditional medicinal plants have a great effectiveness on different pathogenic organism.
Diabetic foot infection caused by Burkholderia cepacia complex: Report of an unusual case with a scoping literature review
Authors: Leme Rodrigo Cuiabano Paes , Chaves Jéssica Reis Esteves , Gonçalves Luiz Carlos Soares , Alvim Leonardo César , de Almeida João Roberto Chaves , Renó Leonardo da Cruz 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
According to previous publications, Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) species are widely described pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients but not in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). We report a diabetic foot infection caused by BCC in a 42-year-old male patient who responded clinically after surgical debridement and meropenem monotherapy. In addition, a scoping review was constructed to map BCC infections in patients with DM.
Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Alcoholism Epidemics: A Case Study in Ethiopia
Authors: Satana Tesfaye Sama , Kassaye Masreshaw Temere 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we developed deterministic mathematical model of alcoholism epidemics. First, the existence and uniqueness of the formulated model will be studied to show the well-possedness of the model. Second, the major qualitative analysis like alcoholic free equilibrium point (E0), endemic equilibrium point (E*), basic reproduction number (R0), were computed. From the stability analysis, we found that an alcoholic free equilibrium point is locally asymptotically stable if R0 < 1. The global asymptotic stability of alcoholic free equilibrium point is established using LaSalle's invariance principle of Lyapunov functions. The sensitivity of model parameters is done using normalized forward sensitivity index. At the end, numerical simulations on the study were conducted using the ODE 45 to confirm our analytic results. It is pointed out that, minimizing the contact rate between the non-drinkers and heavy drinkers, maximizing the number of drinkers that go into treatment can be useful in combating the alcoholism epidemic.
Overweight Effects on Metabolic Rate, Chronic Diseases, Time Perception, Aging, and Lifespan: a Systematic Review
Authors: Oshakbayev Kuat , Bedelbayeva Gulnara , Gazaliyeva Meruyert , Dukenbayeva Bibazhar , Tordai Attila 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The hypothesis that metabolic rate is inversely correlated with lifespan has long been debating. Another area of controversy is an evidence of a relationship between metabolic rate (MR) and time-flow perception (TFP), and aging. Aim: to study the impact of overweight and food intake on MR, TFP, chronic diseases, aging, lifespan; difficulties in weight loss.Methods. Design: a systematic review. Settings: Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Kopernio, PubMed, Mendeley were searched for articles published from January 1979 until February 2022. The study bases on a viewpoint supported by a systematic literature review of 3612 articles published worldwide.Results: In total, 107 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. From them, 22 articles were excluded with reasons. Overweight and overeating accelerate MR, leading to hyper-metabolic mode of the body. MR and lifespan are inversely correlated. TFP depends on MR; accelerated MR leads to deceleration of TFP. Every person has an individual ability to gain weight up to 'maximum bodyweight', which indicates the individual potential energy to weight gain. Overweight excessively consumes the body ‘vital energy’, is a soil to grow diseases; devours body potential energy. Weightloss creates ‘body power to weight gain’ that increases physical/mental activity, recovering from diseases, or weight regain. The body needs less calorie intake due to the decrease in MR by age. For weight loss should use very-low-calorie diets and manage metabolic intoxication.Conclusions: Our findings support that overweight and overeating increase metabolic rate, which delays time-flow perception, accelerates aging, limits lifespan. For weight loss should manage very-low-calorie diets.
Metal Artefact Reduction Sequences (MARS) in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) After Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA). A Non-Invasive Approach for Preoperative Differentiation Between Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) and Aseptic Complications?
Authors: Busch André , Jäger Marcus , Beck Sascha , Wegner Alexander , Portegys Erik , Wassenaar Dennis , Theysohn Jens M , Haubold Johannes 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:In the past, radiographic imaging was of minor relevance in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). Since metal artefact reduction sequences (MARS) are available, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a promising diagnostic tool for the evaluation of hip arthroplasty implants. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of MARS MRI in comparison to established diagnostic tools to distinguish between aseptic failure and PJI.Methods:Between July 2018 to September 2019, MARS-MRI was conducted using the optimized parameters at 1.5 T in a coronal and axial STIR (short-tau-inversion recovery), a non-fat-saturated T2 in coronal view and a non-fat-saturated T1 in transverse view in 45 patients with painful hip after THA.Results:Synovial layering and muscle edema were significant features of periprosthetic joint infection, with sensitivities of 100% and specifities of 63.0 - 75.0%. The combined specifity and sensitivity levels of synovial layering and muscular edema was 88.0% and 90.0%. Granulomatous synovitis was a significant feature for aseptic failure, with 90.0% sensitivity and 57.0% specifity.Conclusion:MARS-MRI is as suitable as standard diagnostic tools to distinguish between aseptic failure and PJI in patients with a total hip arthroplasty (TJA). Further studies with larger patient numbers have to prove whether MARS-MRI could be integral part of PJI diagnostic.
Integrative Analysis of LncRNAs and miRNAs, Revealing Key Biomarkers of Condyloma Acuminata
Authors: Zhong Yixiu , Song Weicheng , Wang Qi , Liang Keyi , Zeng Kang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Condyloma acuminata (CA), genital wart, is caused by HPV infections and transmitted by sexual contact. Bioinformatics analyses contributes to the discovery of hub genes and non-protein-coding RNAs of novel therapeutic relevance in CA. We screened out dysregulated miRNAs and LncRNAs in gene expression matrix of our own dataset and datasets from Arrayexpress database, GEO database and. Subsequently, miRNA- gene network and LncRNAs-miRNA interaction pair were constructed. Hub genes were identified from PPI network of target genes. It was predicted RP11-1081L13.4 and MIR31HG commonly interacted with miR-31a-5p, which is up regulated in CA. Functional enrichment analyses of GO and KEGG revealed the potential role of MAPK pathways in CA. RT-qPCR results showed that miR-31-5p was over-expressed in CA tissues. Downregulated miR-31-5p increased apoptosis and reduced proliferation and migration ability of Hela cell lines in vitro via downregulating MAPK pathway. These findings suggested that MIR31HG, RP11-1081L13.4, especially miR-31-5p and hub genes were promising biomarkers, contributing to CA pathogenesis.
Politeness in Human-Robot Interaction: A Multi-Experiment Study with Non-Humanoid Robots
Authors: kumar shikhar , Itzhak Eliran , Edan Yael , Nimrod Galit , Sarne-Fleischmann Vardit , Tractinsky Noam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We studied politeness in human-robot interaction based on Lakoff’s politeness theory. In a series of eight studies, we manipulated three different levels of politeness of non-humanoid robots and evaluated their effects. A table-setting task was developed for two different types of robots (a robotic manipulator and a mobile robot). The studies included two different populations (old and young adults) and were conducted in two conditions (video and live). Results revealed that polite robot behavior positively affected users' perceptions of the interaction with the robots and that participants were able to differentiate between the designed politeness levels. Participants reported higher levels of enjoyment, satisfaction, and trust when they interacted with the politest behavior of the robot. A smaller number of young adults preferred the politest behavior of the robot compared to old adults. Enjoyment and trust of the interaction with the robot were higher when study participants were subjected to the live condition compared to video and when they interacted with a mobile robot compared to a manipulator respectively.
Tuberculosis Immunodiagnosis System: Analysis of Potential Losses of Patients for Registration
Authors: Sterlikov S. A. , Kаzykinа T. N. 
Published: March 2022

The objective: to develop proposals to improve the effectiveness of the tuberculosis immunodiagnosis system in children by analyzing potential losses of patients for registration.Materials: data from primary medical records of 605 children in 5 regions of Russia, results of the survey in 513 legal guardians and 27 experts.Results. 13.9% of the children subject for screening were not examined, tests were administered in 1.1% of children who had contraindications to them, errors in the test administration were expected in 1.5% of children, and in 6.2% of children, antihistamine medications were used leading to errors in the detection of tuberculosis infection. In 3.7% of children, results of the test were not assessed, 3.1% of eligible children were not referred to the phthisiologist, and 6.5% were lost to follow-up by the phthisiologist.Conclusions. The cumulative loss during immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis made 68.7%. The main reasons for the losses are medical exceptions and refusals to have immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis by legal guardians, incomplete follow-up by the phthisiologist, and the use of antihistamines.To reduce these losses, it is advisable to consider the following: organizing consultation with the phthisiologist at children's polyclinics and large children's groups; legal guardians should be able to have a paid sick leave on the days when the child has an appointment with the phthisiologist; specifying indications for desensitizing therapy and prohibiting it outside the indications; organizing internal and external quality control system for immunodiagnostics.