bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential of frogging as an ecotourism product for South African National Parks
Authors: Luyt Zoëgné , Van der Merwe Peet 
Published: August 2022

Amid global biodiversity loss, it is important to find practical tools and solutions in order to protect biodiversity. Ecotourism is the fastest-growing sector of the international travel industry and can be a powerful conservation tool that encourages people to protect the natural environment. Traditionally, frogs have not generated much attention among ecotourists, partly because they are easily overshadowed by other more charismatic species or habitat attractions. With almost a third of the nearly 7000 known amphibian species listed as threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), their protection is crucial. Frogging is a well-known term within the frog conservation society, describing the activity of searching for frogs in the wild. This can be combined with other ecotourism activities to attract tourists and create an interest in the conservation of frogs while having fun at the same time. The aim was to determine the ecotourism potential of frogs in South Africa, primarily by distributing questionnaires to tourists to retrieve information on whether they would be interested in participating in frog-related ecotourism activities within the South African National Parks. For this research, a quantitative research approach was followed, namely non-probability sampling, to which convenience sampling was applied. An online survey (questionnaire) was designed to collect the data for the research. The survey outcome was satisfactory, as potential tourists indicated that they would like to participate in frog-related activities. The project offers the opportunity to conserve frogs, educate tourists, and create job opportunities within the local communities. It will also create a new tourism product for the South African National Parks.Conservation implications: The contribution of this research to conservation lies in the opportunity to benefit frog conservation through ecotourism.
Proposed framework for innovative business intelligence for competitive advantage in small, medium and micro-organisations in the North West province of South Africa
Authors: Gomwe Godknows , Potgieter Marius , Litheko Alpheaus M. 
Published: August 2022

Background: Innovative business intelligence enjoys popularity amongst mainly large organisations, particularly in the private sector. However, very limited studies have validated the impact of business intelligence in small, medium and micro-organisations (SMMEs), especially in a developing economy.Aim: To devise an innovative business intelligence as a competitive advantage model and to establish the impact of innovative business intelligence as a competitive advantage, as measured by success or growth and innovation in SMMEs in North West province, South Africa.Setting: Primary research was conducted amongst SMMEs owners or managers and employees in the North West province, South Africa.Methods: The final sample consisted of 12 SMME owners or managers and 394 other employees of SMMEs. The study used mixed methods and adopted a survey design. In-depth interviews and a structured questionnaire were used for data collection.Results: The study established that management support and internal environment commitment support the implementation of innovative business intelligence. Training and employee motivation are insignificant in enhancing innovative business intelligence as competitive advantage.Conclusion: Management of SMMEs must define clear goals and objectives, as well as support and provide education mechanisms for new technology advancement. The technology-acceptance model (TAM) of adoption is merely one of the key techniques SMMEs can employ to improve the implementation of business intelligence as a new technology instrument to promote quality decision-making and profitability.
Biopsychosocial factors associated with chronic low back pain-related activity limitations in Burundi
Authors: Nduwimana Ildephonse , Nindorera Félix , Sinzakaraye Alexis , Bleyenheuft Yannick , Thonnard Jean-Louis , Kossi Oyene 
Published: August 2022

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is an increasing burden worldwide. The biopsychosocial factors associated with CLBP-related activity limitations have not yet been investigated in Burundi.Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the biopsychosocial factors that influence the CLBP-related activity limitations in a Burundian sample population.Method: We carried out a cross-sectional study of 58 adults with nonspecific CLBP from Bujumbura city. Univariate and bivariate analyses were used to investigate the association between biopsychosocial factors and CLBP activity limitations. Sequential multiple regression analyses were subsequently used to predict CLBP activity limitations.Results: Fifty-eight individuals with a mean age of 41.3 ± 10.20, 58.6% of female gender, were recruited. The univariate and bivariate analyses demonstrated that educational level, gender, healthcare coverage, profession, height, pain intensity, depression and physical fitness were significantly associated with CLBP-related activity limitations (p range, 0.001 to 0.05). The multivariate regression analysis showed that the significant biopsychosocial factors accounted for 49% of the variance in self-reported activity limitations. Predictors of activity limitations were education level (β = −0.369; p = 0.001), abdominal muscle endurance (β = −0.339; p = 0.002) and depression (β = 0.289; p = 0.011).Conclusions: Our study provides evidence of biopsychosocial factor associations with CLBP-related activity limitations in Burundi. Evidence-based management and prevention of CLBP in Burundi should incorporate a biopsychosocial model.Clinical implications: Biopsychosocial factors should be regularly evaluated in people with chronic low back pain and efforts to improve the burden of chronic low back pain in Burundi should take these factors into account.
Comparison the Effects of Gabapentin and Oxazepam on Sleep Quality, Anxiety, and Pain in Unstable Angina Patients Admitted to Coronary Care Unit of Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital
Authors: Parvaresh Mohammadjavad , Ghalebandi Mirfarhad , Alavi Kaveh , Hajsadeghi Shekoufeh , Jolfaei Atefeh Ghanbari 
Published: August 2022

Background:
This study aimed to compare the efficacy of gabapentin and oxazepam on sleep quality, the severity of anxiety, and pain level in patients admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU).

Materials and Methods:
This double-blind randomized clinical trial was done on the patients with unstable angina (UA) admitted to the CCU of Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital in Tehran. A total of 56 patients were entered the study and randomly divided into two groups of 26. The first group was given a gabapentin capsule at a dose of 300–1200 mg/day, and the second group was given 10–20 mg of oxazepam tablets per day until hospitalization in the CCU. On the first and 4th days of hospitalization, Groningen sleep quality score (GSQS), Beck Anxiety Inventory, and severity of pain experienced by Visual Analogue Scale were recorded, and the mean frequency of chest pains was calculated in 24 h during the first 4 days. The amount of drug (morphine) prescription in CCU also compared between the two groups.

Results:
There was no significant difference in GSQS scores between both groups. The mean score of Beck's anxiety scale did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, the incidence of chest pain was significantly lower in the gabapentin-receiving group than in the oxazepam-receiving group (<0.001). The days that the patients experienced chest pain were significantly less in the gabapentin-receiving group than in the oxazepam-receiving group (<0.001).

Conclusion:
The results of our study showed that gabapentin compared to oxazepam could significantly reduce chest pain in patients with UA.
Identification of High Death Risk Coronavirus Disease-19 Patients using Blood Tests
Authors: Zadeh Hosseingholi Elaheh , Maddahi Saeede , Jabbari Sajjad , Molavi Ghader 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has made a great impact on health-care services. The prognosis of the severity of the disease help reduces mortality by prioritizing the allocation of hospital resources. Early mortality prediction of this disease through paramount biomarkers is the main aim of this study.

Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective study, a total of 205 confirmed COVID-19 patients hospitalized from June 2020 to March 2021 were included. Demographic data, important blood biomarkers levels, and patient outcomes were investigated using the machine learning and statistical tools.

Results:
Random forests, as the best model of mortality prediction, (Matthews correlation coefficient = 0.514), were employed to find the most relevant dataset feature associated with mortality. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were identified as important death-related features. The decision tree method was identified the cutoff value of BUN >47 mg/dL and AST >44 U/L as decision boundaries of mortality (sensitivity = 0.4). Data mining results were compared with those obtained through the statistical tests. Statistical analyses were also determined these two factors as the most significant ones with P values of 4.4 × 10−7 and 1.6 × 10−6, respectively. The demographic trait of age and some hematological (thrombocytopenia, increased white blood cell count, neutrophils [%], RDW-CV and RDW-SD), and blood serum changes (increased creatinine, potassium, and alanine aminotransferase) were also specified as mortality-related features (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
These results could be useful to physicians for the timely detection of COVID-19 patients with a higher risk of mortality and better management of hospital resources.
Investigating the Effect of Zinc on the Prevention of Acute Peripheral Neuropathy in Cancer Patients Treated with Taxanes
Authors: Haji Gholami Ali , Ansari Hourieh , Fardani Farshad 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a major complication of many chemotherapeutic agents, including taxanes. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of zinc on CIPN.

Materials and Methods:
This is a double-blinded controlled clinical trial that was performed in 2020–2021 in Isfahan on 55 cancer patients. We collected the data regarding CIPN, its severity, presence of abnormal deep-tendon reflexes, paresthesia, restriction in daily activities, and restriction in self-care and pain. Patients were divided into two groups: Patients in the first group were treated with capsules of zinc sulfate 25 mg daily and the control group received placebo. The duration of treatments was 3 months. Patients were visited 6, 9, and 12 weeks after study initiation.

Results:
There was a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of CIPN in the intervention group (37.03% vs. 14.8%, P < 0.001). The evaluation of the severity of neuropathy and presence of abnormal deep-tendon reflexes also demonstrated significant decrease in the intervention group during the study (P < 0.001 for both), but no significant changes were observed in the placebo group (P > 0.05). The activity limitations and pain severity improved significantly both in the intervention and placebo groups (P < 0.001 for both groups and items). The intervention group, however, had significantly lower frequencies of activity limitation and lower pain severity within compared to the control group during the study (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Zinc supplement therapy resulted in reduced frequency and intensity of CIPN in patients undergoing chemotherapy with taxanes.
Evaluation of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Reisi Mohsen , Sharif Ahmadian Niloufar , Hashemipour Mahin , Mostofizadeh Neda , Keivanfar Majid , Hashemi Elham 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Due to chronic respiratory and gastrointestinal problems, growth failure is a common issue in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in CF children with stable gastrointestinal and respiratory conditions.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, the growth indicators of all 4–16-year-old children referred to two CF clinics were monitored over 3 years. Children without severe gastrointestinal or pulmonary symptoms with weight <3% percentile or whose height increase were two standard deviations below their expected height growth over 6 months were selected for the growth hormone (GH) stimulation test by clonidine and L-dopa test. Some of the children without CF, who were also referred for height growth disorders and matched the CF group, were considered the control group. They underwent the GH stimulation test, and the results were compared.

Results:
From 150 patients with CF, growth failure was observed in 24 patients with stable gastrointestinal and respiratory conditions; in 10 of them, the GH stimulation test was deficient. The prevalence of GHD was 6.6% in CF patients. In the control group of 30 children without CF, but with growth failure, the GH was deficient in nine cases, implying no significant difference with the case group (P = 0.37).

Conclusion:
In our study, the prevalence of GHD was 6.6% in CF patients, whereas the prevalence GHD in the normal population of childhood is <1%. Therefore, further studies should be designed to investigate the cause of GHD in CF patients.
A combination of diosmin, hesperidin, and ruscogenin
Authors: Romano Lucia , Nervini Andrea , Stia Simone , Schietroma Mario , Giuliani Antonio 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Phlebotonics are made of plant extracts and synthetic compounds. Although their mechanism of action is not completely clear, they are associated with an increase in venous tone and decreased capillary permeability. The aim of this paper was to assess the efficacy of Diosmin 500mg, Esperidine 90mg, Ruscogenin 100mg in improving symptoms of patients with hemorrhoidal disease.

Materials and Methods:
This was an observational trial performed at the Department of Universitary General Surgery of L'Aquila from March 2021 to September 2021. Symptoms have been evaluated using scoring system proposed by Giordano et al. Patients have been clinically evaluated by the same surgeon at the time of diagnosis and at the 30th day of treatment.

Results:
Seventy-one patients were included in the study. In Group A (study group) we reported a decrease in symptomatologic score of 50% with a 30-days follow-up, while we reported a decrease of 27% in Group B (control group). Among patients in Group A, 67% of those with grade IV hemorrhoidal disease have been re-stadiated to grade III after 30 days of treatment.

Conclusion:
Flavonoids mixture could be a safe and effective mean for conservative management of hemorrhoidal disease. The doses seemed to be satisfactory and the proposed duration of treatment can be considered adequate.
Cross sectional study to estimate the morbidity pattern in ascetics visited to a largest religious gathering in west central part of India
Authors: Bhujade Rashmi , Baghel Anil S. , Chourasiya Sanjay K. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Ascetics are otherworldly creatures that have thought of being ethereal. To be spiritual one has to be physically fit because a healthy body has an intimate connection with spiritual health.

Methods:
Cross sectional survey was accomplished in a festive gathering to estimate morbidity pattern among ascetics in central India.

Results:
The sample size was 960. 352 participants (36.6%) were either overweight or obese, 284 participants (29.6%) had hypertension, 236 (24.6%) were diagnosed with cataract and 194 (20.2%) had anemia, Diabetes was found in 58 participants (6%) and 28 (2.9%) had fever.

Conclusion:
Obesity (and overweight) and hypertension were the top two morbidities came across during study. Morbidities were found to be more associated with socio-demographical factors than spirituality.
Prevalence of preterm birth and perinatal outcome
Authors: Reddy Ke Manga , Ravula Shilpa Rani , Palakollu Shruthi , Betha Kalpana 
Published: August 2022

Context:
Preterm birth is defined as births before 37 weeks of gestational age. Preterm birth is a major challenge in obstetric health care and leading cause of perinatal mortality and long-term morbidity. Complications arising from preterm births are the leading cause of deaths among children less than 5 years of age. Seventy-five percent of them could be saved with current, cost-effective interventions. The rate of preterm births worldwide is 5–18% with the developing countries accounting for the maximum deaths.

Aims:
This study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of preterm births and risk factors associated with it among women delivered at a rural tertiary teaching hospital in Telangana and further assess its impact on perinatal outcome.

Settings and design:
This was a retrospective case control study conducted at Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences from January 2019 to December 2019.

Methods and material:
Of the 1243 deliveries during the study period, 135 births that occurred at <37 weeks were taken as cases and 248 term neonates were taken as control group. Data were collected retrospectively through review of prenatal and hospital delivery records.

Statistical analysis used:
Data were collected and tabulated as shown in the results. Statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel. Frequency and percentage of each parameter were calculated and analyzed. The risk estimates were analyzed between the cases and controls by calculating the odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, and P value. P Value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
The prevalence rate of preterm birth was 10.86%. History of previous preterm birth (OR = 4.88, C.I: 1.50–15.87, P = 0.0084), previous LSCS (OR = 2.16, C.I: 1.36–3.44, P = 0.001), inter-pregnancy interval <12 months (OR = 2.78, C.I: 1.13–6.84, P = 0.026), hypertension (OR = 3.10, C.I: 1.78–5.42, P = 0.0001), PROM (OR =0.73, C.I: 2.36–9.49, P < 0.0001), Oligohydramnios (OR = 3.58, C.I: 1.29–9.9, P = 0.01), and multiple pregnancy (OR = 24.09, C.I: 3.09–187.46, P = 0.0024) were found to be significant risk factors for preterm birth. Though the NICU admission rate was high (52%), neonatal outcome was found to be satisfactory.

Conclusions:
Some of the risk factors that contributed to preterm birth were modifiable. Preventive strategies addressing the risk factors such as hypertension, oligohydramnios, and also improving health care quality to pregnant women will reduce the prevalence of preterm births and outcomes.
Inculcating research methodology related skills and aptitude amongst medical undergraduates- An interventional study
Authors: Shukla Samarth , Acharya Sourya , Acharya Neema , Singh Satyam , Dolas Paridhi 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
The present project was carried out at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC), Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (DMIMS, deemed to be University), Wardha, Maharashtra, as part of the training programme as per the advanced course in medical educational research, the theme of the project was based on skill training. The project was titled “Inculcating research methodology related skill and aptitude amongst medical undergraduates”.

Aim:
The basic aim of the study was to make the medical undergraduates competent and apprised with certain basic research skills in research methodology and to develop aptitude amongst the undergraduates for research.

Material and Methods:
The present research project took Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) students from the 2016 batch, from the sixth and seventh term of their professionals and the project was conducted for 6 months duration from October 2018 to March 2019. From the batch of 200, a randomised selection of students was carried out and 57 students in total were selected. The study was carried out in three phases as follows: Phase one (assessment and sensitization); phase two (skill training/mentoring); phase three (research outcome/culmination).

Results:
In the primary endpoint, the assessment of pretest and posttest were tabulated as well as feedback was taken; in the secondary endpoint the research projects conducted were translated into publications and the student’s response were applied for funded research projects like the Indian Council of Medial Research (ICMR) that was evaluated. Pretest score of 1 out of 10 (average score of 57 responses), that is, 10% and a posttest score of 6.9 out of 10, that is, 69.1%, the absolute learning gain was 59.1% and relative learning gain was 59.1%, the classroom averaged learning gain was 0.59. In the present study, the learning gain score was 0.59 which is in medium range according to Hake’s learning gain criteria.

Conclusion:
The present study concluded that there was a lack of understanding amongst medical undergraduates pertaining to the basic nuances of the research and how to go about carrying out the same. An ideal environment, mentorship is necessary for inculcating interest for research.
Musculoskeletal disorders associated with depression and psychosocial risk factors among female teachers in riyadh region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alajmi Dhafer Mubarak , Abdulaziz Maha Saleh Bin , Saeed Nehal Saad Bin , Almutairi Abrar Sayer 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Teachers have the highest musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) rates worldwide because of stressful working conditions. MSD is likely to be linked to psychosocial elements such as need for social help, loss of job control, performance concerns, repetitive work, and feeling burdened and stressed.

Objectives:
To determine the prevalence and anatomical distribution of MSDs and the associated psychosocial risk factors, primarily depression, among female teachers in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia.

Settings and Design:
An observational, quantitative, cross-sectional study was done.

Material and Methods:
Data was collected from female teachers in Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia, via a questionnaire. All the participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.

Results:
Of the 372 questionnaire responses obtained from the teachers, the prevalence of depression was 65.6% and of MSD was 86%. The main site of pain was the neck (62.9%), followed by the lower back (53.8%). There was a significant relationship between the prevalence of MSD and the prevalence of depression. MSD occurred in 64.1% of participants without depression, in 95.9% of those with mild depression, and in 100% of those with more severe depression (P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusions:
A high prevalence of MSD pain was found among the female teachers, especially among older women, those teaching at elementary schools, and those with a higher number of pregnancies. The coexistence of MSD and depression affects the work ability of the teachers and reduces their efficiency.