bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutraceuticals and mitochondrial oxidative stress: bridging the gap in the management of bronchial asthma
Authors: Allam Venkata Sita Rama Raju , Paudel Keshav Raj , Gupta Gaurav , Singh Sachin Kumar , Vishwas Sukriti , Gulati Monica , Gupta Saurabh , Chaitanya M. V. N. L. , Jha Niraj Kumar , Gupta Piyush Kumar , Patel Vyoma K. , Liu Gang , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Hansbro Philip M. , Oliver Brian Gregory George , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Dua Kamal 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAsthma is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily characterized by inflammation and reversible bronchoconstriction. It is currently one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Oxidative stress further complicates the pathology of the disease. The current treatment strategies for asthma mainly involve the use of anti-inflammatory agents and bronchodilators. However, long-term usage of such medications is associated with severe adverse effects and complications. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop newer, novel, and safe treatment modalities for the management of asthma. This has therefore prompted further investigations and detailed research to identify and develop novel therapeutic interventions from potent untapped resources. This review focuses on the significance of oxidative stressors that are primarily derived from both mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial sources in initiating the clinical features of asthma. The review also discusses the biological scavenging system of the body and factors that may lead to its malfunction which could result in altered states. Furthermore, the review provides a detailed insight into the therapeutic role of nutraceuticals as an effective strategy to attenuate the deleterious effects of oxidative stress and may be used in the mitigation of the cardinal features of bronchial asthma.
A Mathematical Model of Salivary Gland Duct Cells
Authors: Su Shan , Rugis John , Wahl Amanda , Doak Sam , Li Yating , Suresh Vinod , Yule David , Sneyd James 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSaliva is produced in two stages in the salivary glands: the secretion of primary saliva by the acinus and the modification of saliva composition to final saliva by the intercalated and striated ducts. In order to understand the saliva modification process, we develop a mathematical model for the salivary gland duct. The model utilises the realistic 3D structure of the duct reconstructed from an image stack of gland tissue. Immunostaining results show that TMEM16A and aquaporin are expressed in the intercalated duct cells and that ENaC is not. Based on this, the model predicts that the intercalated duct does not absorb Na$$^+$$

+

and Cl$$^-$$

-

like the striated duct but secretes a small amount of water instead. The input to the duct model is the time-dependent primary saliva generated by an acinar cell model. Our duct model produces final saliva output that agrees with the experimental measurements at various stimulation levels. It also shows realistic biological features such as duct cell volume, cellular concentrations and membrane potentials. Simplification of the model by omission of all detailed 3D structures of the duct makes a negligible difference to the final saliva output. This shows that saliva production is not sensitive to structural variation of the duct.
Effect of Carbon Content on Variant Pairing in Bainitic Low Alloy Steel
Authors: Ståhlkrantz Adam , Hedström Peter , Sarius Niklas , Borgenstam Annika 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Variant pairing in bainite was evaluated in four different commercial low alloy steels with medium to high carbon content. The steels investigated were austempered in the temperature range 275 °C to 450 °C to obtain a bainitic microstructure. It was found that the V1–V6 is the most frequent variant pairing at lower temperature, while it gradually decreases towards intermediate temperatures, and at the highest austempering temperatures the variant pairing with low misorientation boundaries such as V1–V4 and V1–V8 is the most frequent. The preferred variant pairing is the least pronounced after austempering of steels with higher carbon contents at intermediate temperature. Nonetheless, a continuous increase of variant pairing within the same Bain group was observed with increasing austempering temperature for all steels. Furthermore, it was observed that the deviation from the theoretical Kurdjumov–Sachs orientation relationship increases with increasing austempering temperature for all steels.
Comparison of 5-Year Follow-up Outcomes Between Primary and Revision Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypasses After Open Vertical Banded Gastroplasty: an Inverse Propensity Score-Weighted Analysis
Authors: Hany Mohamed , Torensma Bart , Ibrahim Mohamed , Zidan Ahmed , Gaballah Muhammad , Aly Ayman Farouk Mohammad Ahmed , Abu-Sheasha Ghada Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) is associated with high weight regain; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is used as a revision procedure in patients with VBG experiencing weight regain. This study compared the 5-year follow-up outcomes of primary (PRYGB) and revision RYGB after VBG (RRYGB).

Methods
Patients who underwent PRYGB or RRYGB after VBG from 2008 to 2016 were enrolled. Data on weight regain, weight loss (WL), food tolerance (FT), early and late complications, and resolution or improvement in associated medical conditions were analyzed.

Results
PRYGB and RRYGB groups had 558 and 156 patients, respectively, after exclusion of the lost to follow-up patients. PRYGB group showed significantly lower mean body mass index (over the entire follow-up period), early complications, reintervention rates for late complications, and overall reintervention rates than that of the RRYGB group. On the other hand, FT scores, odds of late complications, and improvements (in the fifth year) in associated medical conditions were comparable between the two groups.

Conclusion
RRYGB in patients with VBG who regained weight showed comparable safety and resolution of associated diseases to that of PRYGB over the 5-year follow-up period. The WL in the RRYGB group was acceptable despite being less than that of the PRYGB group. FT was better after RRYGB than that of PRYGB in the first year; however, both were comparable at the fifth year follow-up. Patients with VBG undergoing RYGB should receive attentive treatment and evaluation of associated factors.

Graphical abstract
Decision aids for cancer survivors’ engagement with survivorship care services after primary treatment: a systematic review
Authors: Ke Yu , Zhou Hanzhang , Chan Raymond Javan , Chan Alexandre 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To elucidate existing decision aids (DAs) in supporting cancer survivors’ decisions to engage in cancer survivorship care services after primary treatment. Secondary objectives are to assess the DA acceptability, impact of DAs, and implementation barriers.

Methods
Databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL) were searched to collect publications from inception through September 2021. Studies describing the development or evaluation of DAs used for survivorship care services after primary cancer treatment were included. Article selection and critical appraisal were conducted independently by two authors.

Results
We included 16 studies that described 13 DAs and addressed multiple survivorship care domains: prevention of recurrence/new cancers in Hodgkin lymphoma survivors and breast cancer gene mutation carriers, family building options, health insurance plans, health promotion (substance use behavior, cardiovascular disease risk reduction), advanced care planning, and post-treatment follow-up intensity. The electronic format was used to design most DAs for self-administration. The content presentation covered decisional context, options, and value clarification exercises. DAs were acceptable and associated with higher knowledge but presented inconclusive decisional outcomes. Implementation barriers included lack of design features for connectivity to care, low self-efficacy, and low perceived DA usefulness among healthcare professionals. Other survivor characteristics included age, literacy, preferred timing, and setting.

Conclusions
A diverse range of DAs exists in survivorship care services engagement with favorable knowledge outcomes. Future work should clarify the impact of DAs on decisional outcomes.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
DA characterization and suggestions for prospective developers could enhance support for cancer survivors encountering complex decisions throughout the survivorship continuum.
Investigation of automatic spindle detection in sleep EEG signals contaminated with noise and artifact sources
Authors: Eltrass Ahmed S. , Ghanem Noha H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractElectroencephalography (EEG) serves as the gold standard for noninvasive diagnosis of different types of sleep disorders such as sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, restless leg syndrome, and parasomnias. In this study, a novel automated cascade filter is introduced as a preprocessing tool for suppressing all noise and artifact interferences from sleep EEG signals before detecting sleep spindles. The multi-stage filter employs the Multi-Kernel Normalized Least Mean Square with Coherence-based Sparsification (MKNLMS-CS) algorithm in the first step to remove all artifact interferences while applying the 1-D patch-based Non-Local Means (NLM) algorithm in the subsequent step to remove all noise components. Three state-of-the-art automated spindle detection algorithms, namely Mc-Sleep, Spinky, and Spindler, are examined in EEG signals contaminated with noise and artifact components individually and concurrently. The spindle detection performance is investigated with real EEG data taken from the well-known DREAMS database, and the experimental results demonstrate the importance of the proposed multi-stage filter in enhancing the performance of spindle detection using the three spindle detection algorithms. This elucidates the robustness of the suggested multi-stage filter in providing high-resolution sleep EEG data from noisy EEG recordings. Also, experimental results reveal that Spinky algorithm outperforms Mc-Sleep and Spindler methods in detecting spindles for filtered EEG signals using several evaluation metrics, including accuracy (94.8% versus 92.0% and 94.6%), precision (53.4% versus 36.4% and 47.5%), specificity (97.3% versus 93.9% and 96.1%) and F1-score (58.2% versus 41.3% and 50.9%), respectively. This shows that combining the proposed multi-stage filter with Spinky algorithm outperforms the other two methods in detecting spindles in EEG signals, and it represents an efficient automated spindle detection system that achieves high diagnosis performance in terms of accuracy (94.8%), specificity (97.3%), and F1-score (58.2%).
Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2(ACSS2): a review with a focus on metabolism and tumor development
Authors: Ling Rui , Chen Gong , Tang Xiang , Liu Na , Zhou Yuepeng , Chen Deyu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAcetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2), an important member of the acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACSS) family, can catalyze the conversion of acetate to acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). Currently, acetyl-CoA is considered an important intermediate metabolite in the metabolism of energy substrates. In addition, nutrients converge through acetyl-CoA into a common metabolic pathway, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Not only does ACSS2 play a crucial role in material energy metabolism, it is also involved in the regulation of various acetylation processes, such as regulation of histone and transcription factor acetylation. ACSS2-mediated regulation of acetylation is related to substance metabolism and tumorigenesis. In mammalian cells, ACSS2 utilizes intracellular acetate to synthesize acetyl-CoA, a step in the process of DNA and histone acetylation. In addition, studies in tumors have shown that cancer cells adapt to the growth conditions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by activating or increasing the expression level of ACSS2 under metabolic stress. Therefore, this review mainly outlines the role of ACSS2 in substance metabolism and tumors and provides insights useful for investigating ACSS2 as a therapeutic target.
Interlaboratory evaluation of a digital holographic microscopy–based assay for label-free in vitro cytotoxicity testing of polymeric nanocarriers
Authors: Marzi Anne , Eder Kai Moritz , Barroso Álvaro , Wågbø Ane Marit , Mørch Ýrr , Hatletveit Anne Rein , Visnes Torkild , Schmid Ruth B. , Klinkenberg Geir , Kemper Björn , Schnekenburger Jürgen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

State-of-the-art in vitro test systems for nanomaterial toxicity assessment are based on dyes and several staining steps which can be affected by nanomaterial interference. Digital holographic microscopy (DHM), an interferometry-based variant of quantitative phase imaging (QPI), facilitates reliable proliferation quantification of native cell populations and the extraction of morphological features in a fast and label- and interference-free manner by biophysical parameters. DHM therefore has been identified as versatile tool for cytotoxicity testing in biomedical nanotechnology. In a comparative study performed at two collaborating laboratories, we investigated the interlaboratory variability and performance of DHM in nanomaterial toxicity testing, utilizing complementary standard operating procedures (SOPs). Two identical custom-built off-axis DHM systems, developed for usage in biomedical laboratories, equipped with stage-top incubation chambers were applied at different locations in Europe. Temporal dry mass development, 12-h dry mass increments and morphology changes of A549 human lung epithelial cell populations upon incubation with two variants of poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) (PACA) nanoparticles were observed in comparison to digitonin and cell culture medium controls. Digitonin as cytotoxicity control, as well as empty and cabazitaxel-loaded PACA nanocarriers, similarly impacted 12-h dry mass development and increments as well as morphology of A549 cells at both participating laboratories. The obtained DHM data reflected the cytotoxic potential of the tested nanomaterials and are in agreement with corresponding literature on biophysical and chemical assays. Our results confirm DHM as label-free cytotoxicity assay for polymeric nanocarriers as well as the repeatability and reproducibility of the technology. In summary, the evaluated DHM assay could be efficiently implemented at different locations and facilitates interlaboratory in vitro toxicity testing of nanoparticles with prospects for application in regulatory science.
Graphical abstract
Approximate Bayesian computation approach on the maximal offspring and parameters in controlled branching processes
Authors: González Miguel , Minuesa Carmen , del Puerto Inés 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOur purpose is to estimate the posterior distribution of the parameters of interest for controlled branching processes (CBPs) without prior knowledge of the maximum number of offspring that an individual can give birth to and without explicit likelihood calculations. We consider that only the population sizes at each generation and at least the number of progenitors of the last generation are observed, but the number of offspring produced by any individual at any generation is unknown. The proposed approach is twofold. Firstly, to estimate the maximum progeny per individual we make use of an approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) algorithm for model choice and based on sequential importance sampling with the raw data. Secondly, given such an estimate and taking advantage of the simulated values of the previous stage, we approximate the posterior distribution of the main parameters of a CBP by applying the rejection ABC algorithm with an appropriate summary statistic and a post-processing adjustment. The accuracy of the proposed method is illustrated by means of simulated examples developed with the statistical software R. Moreover, we apply the methodology to two real datasets describing populations with logistic growth. To this end, different population growth models based on CBPs are proposed for the first time.
MicroRNAs as biomarkers for monitoring cardiovascular changes in Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and exercise
Authors: Saini Volga M , Liu Kaitlyn R. , Surve Aishwarya Suryakant , Gupta Sanjeev , Gupta Ananya 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be altered in both CVD and T2DM and can have an application as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. miRNAs are released into circulation when the cardiomyocyte is subjected to injury and damage.

Objectives
Measuring circulating miRNA levels in human plasma may be of great potential use for measuring the extent of damage to cardiomyocytes and response to exercise. This review is aimed to highlight the potential application of miRNAs as biomarkers of CVD progression in T2DM, and the impact of exercise on recovery.

Methods
The review aims to examine whether the health improvements following exercise in T2DM patients are reflective of changes in expression of plasma miRNAs. For this purpose, studies were identified from the literature that have established a correlation between diabetes, disease progression and plasma miRNA levels. We also reviewed studies which looked at the effect of exercise on plasma miRNA levels.

Results
The review identified miRNA signatures that are affected by T2DM and DHD and a subset of these miRNAs that are also affected by different types of exercise. This approach helped us to identify those miRNAs whose expression and function can be altered by regular bouts of exercise.

Conclusions
miRNAs identified as part of this review can serve as tools to monitor the cardio-protective, anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects of exercise in people suffering from T2DM. Future research should focus on regulation of these miRNAs in T2DM and how they can be altered by appropriate exercise interventions.
The association between fatigue severity and risk of falls among middle-aged and older Australian stroke survivors
Authors: Sibbritt David , Bayes Jessica , Peng Wenbo , Maguire Jane , Ladanyi Suzy , Adams Jon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Fatigue is a common and often debilitating symptom experienced by many stroke survivors. Significant post stroke fatigue may predispose individuals to other health complications, such as falls, which can lead to fractures and soft tissue injuries. Only limited research has examined the association between fatigue and falls in stroke survivors.

Methods
Data were obtained from the Sax Institute’s 45 and Up Study, from a subset of individuals who had experienced a stroke. The Modified Fatigue Impact Scale—5-item version (MFIS-5) was used to measure the level of fatigue. A logistic regression model, adjusted for stroke characteristics and comorbidities, was used to determine the magnitude of association between change in fatigue score and odds of having had a fall.

Results
A total of 576 participants completed the questionnaire. A total of 214 (37.2%) participants reported having had a fall in the previous 12 months. There was a statistically significant association between fatigue scores and fall status (p < 0.001). Specifically, for every 1-point increase in the fatigue score (MFIS-5) (i.e. higher level of fatigue), the odds of a person having a fall is 1.10 times greater (AOR = 1.10; 95% CI 1.05, 1.15; p < 0.001).

Conclusion
This study revealed an association between an increasing risk of falls with increasing severity of post stroke fatigue. Accurate detection and management of fatigue may help reduce the risk of falls and should be the focus of future research.
Weight spectra of Gabidulin rank-metric codes and Betti numbers
Authors: Johnsen Trygve , Pratihar Rakhi , Verdure Hugues 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe consider q-matroids and their associated classical matroids derived from Gabidulin rank-metric codes. We express the generalized rank weights of a Gabidulin rank-metric code in terms of Betti numbers of the dual classical matroid associated to the q-matroid corresponding to the code. In our main result, we show how these Betti numbers and their elongations determine the generalized weight polynomials for q-matroids, in particular, for the Gabidulin rank-metric codes. In addition, we demonstrate how the weight distribution and higher weight spectra of such codes can be determined directly from the associated q-matroids by using Möbius functions of its lattice of q-flats.
Using Multi-decadal Satellite Records to Identify Environmental Drivers of Fire Severity Across Vegetation Types
Authors: Rodriguez-Cubillo Dario , Jordan Gregory J. , Williamson Grant J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To date, most studies of fire severity, which is the ecological damage produced by a fire across all vegetation layers in an ecosystem, using remote sensing have focused on wildfires and forests, with less attention given to prescribed burns and treeless vegetation. Our research analyses a multi-decadal satellite record of fire severity in wildfires and prescribed burns, across forested and treeless vegetation, in western Tasmania, a wet region of frequent clouds. We used Landsat satellite images, fire history mapping and environmental predictor variables to understand what drives fire severity. Remotely-sensed fire severity was estimated by the Delta Normalised Burn Ratio (ΔNBR) for 57 wildfires and 70 prescribed burns spanning 25 years. Then, we used Random Forests to identify important predictors of fire severity, followed by generalised additive mixed models to test the statistical association between the predictors and fire severity. In the Random Forests analyses, mean summer precipitation, mean minimum monthly soil moisture and time since previous fire were important predictors in both forested and treeless vegetation, whereas mean annual precipitation was important in forests and temperature seasonality was important in treeless vegetation. Modelled ΔNBR (predicted ΔNBRs from the best-performing generalised additive mixed model) of wildfire forests was higher than modelled ΔNBR of prescribed burns. This study confirms that western Tasmania is a valuable pyrogeographical model for studying fire severity of wet ecosystems under climate change, and provides a framework to better understand the interactions between climate, fire severity and prescribed burning.