bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA MATERI PELUANG
Authors: Ate Marlince Bali , Irianti Nathasa Pramudita , Setiawan Rudy 
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study in general is to determine the ability of students of SMP Sunan Giri Malang in understanding mathematical concepts. The specific objectives in this study, including: 1). Describing students' ability in understanding concepts on opportunity material, 2) Describing students' abilities in understanding concepts when solving problems. This research belongs to the type of qualitative descriptive research. Qualitative descriptive research was used to analyze the ability of eighth grade students of SMP Sunan Giri Malang in understanding the concept of opportunity. Data was collected through the methods of observation, tests, interviews and documentation. Furthermore, the data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively sequentially based on the question indicators, as follows; 1) Restate a concept, 2). Giving examples and not examples of a concept, 3). Presenting concepts in various forms of mathematical representation, 4). Grouping objects according to the properties, 5). Apply a concept or algorithm to problem solving. The results showed that the ability of class VIII students of SMP Sunan Giri Malang on the overall opportunity material got the following percentages: high ability category 47%, medium ability category 35% and low ability category 23%.
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Amalia Lela , Sulistyorini Yunis 
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach on students' mathematical problem solving abilities on the subject of social arithmetic for class VII MTs Al-Ihsan. This study uses an experimental design research method with a posttest only control design. The data collection technique used an essay test with 5 questions, analyzed using Microsoft Excel data analyst. From the data that has been analyzed, it is obtained that the average of the experimental group is 81,750, while the average value of the control group is 76,417. Hypothesis analysis in this study using a t-test with a significant level of 5% (0.05) the results obtained = 4.359 and = 2.013, then > . The results of the analysis prove that there is a significant effect of the application of the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach on the mathematical problem solving abilities of seventh grade students of MTs Al-Ihsan.
Does high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery affect the results of surgery for rectal cancer? (a systematic review and meta-analysis)
Authors: Fayzulin R. I. , Tarasov M. A. , Ponomarenko A. A. , Chernyshov S. V. , Rybakov E. G. 
Published: November 2022

AIM: to compare methods of high and low ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) in relation to early and late outcomes in surgery for rectal and sigmoid cancer.MATERIALS AND METHODS: the systematic review performed in accordance with PRISMA practice and guidelines.RESULTS: eighteen studies (5 randomized clinical trials and 13 retrospective studies) are included in the study. The meta-analysis demonstrated that left colic artery (LCA) preservation significantly reduced the incidence of anasto- motic leaks compared with high ligation of IMA (OR = 1.60; CI 1.23–2.10; p = 0.0006). There were no differences in operation time, blood loss, frequency of splenic flexure mobilization, number of harvested lymph nodes, incidence of urinary dysfunction, postoperative hospital stay and 5-year disease-free survival.CONCLUSION: low ligation of the IMA improves the blood supply to the anastomosis and reduces the risk of anasto- motic leakage.
Pseudomembranous colitis in patients with COVID-19 (review)
Authors: Timerbulatov Sh. V. , Timerbulatov M. V. , Akhmerov D. R. , Timerbulatov V. M. , Gafarova A. R. 
Published: November 2022

AIM: to estimate the features of pseudomembranous colitis in patients with COVID-19, diagnostics, conservative treatment and surgery for complications.PATIENTS AND METHODS: a retrospective analysis of 396 patients with pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) in patients with new coronavirus infection was carried out for the period from March 2020 to November 2021. Among them there were 156 (39.3%) males, females — 240 (60.6%), moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 occurred in 97.48%.The diagnosis of PMC was established due to clinical picture, laboratory, instrumental methods (feces on Cl. difficile, colonoscopy, CT, US, laparoscopy).RESULTS: the PMC rate in COVID-19 was 1.17%. All patients received antibiotics, 2 or 3 antibiotics — 44.6%, glucocorticoids were received by all patients. At 82.8%, PMC developed during the peak of COVID-19. To clarify the PMC, CT was performed in 33.8% of patients, colonoscopy — 33.08%, laparoscopy — in 37.1% (to exclude bowel perforation, peritonitis). Conservative treatment was effective in 88.8%, 76 (19.1%) patients had indications for surgery (perforation, peritonitis, toxic megacolon). Most often, with peritonitis without clear intraoperative confirmation of perforation, laparoscopic lavage of the abdominal cavity was performed (60 patients — 78.9%, mortality — 15.0%), colon resection (n = 6 (7.9%), mortality — 66.6%), ileo- or colostomy (n = 8 (10.5%), mortality — 37.5%), colectomy (n = 2 (2.6%), mortality — 50.0%). The overall postoperative mortality rate was 22.4%, the incidence of surgical complications was 43.4%. In addition, in the postoperative period, pneumonia was in 76.3%, thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in 22.3% of patients. In general, the overall mortality in our patients with PMC was 11.4%, with conservative treatment — 8.8%.CONCLUSION: pseudomembranous colitis is a severe, life-threatening complication of COVID-19. In the overwhelming majority of patients, conservative therapy was effective, but almost 1/5 of patients developed indications for surgery, the latter being accompanied by high mortality and a high morbidity rate. Progress in the treatment of PMC, apparently, is associated with early diagnosis, intensive conservative therapy, and in the case of indications for surgery, their implementation before decompensation of the patient’s condition and the development of severe intra-abdominal complications and sepsis.
Risk factors of burnout among physicians (results of public survey)
Authors: Mingazov A. F. , Lukomskiy I. S. , Khabibullina L. R. , Khomyakov E. A. 
Published: November 2022

AIM: to identify risk factors for burnout of healthcare employees and to identify the most vulnerable category of practicing physicians.PATIENTS AND METHODS: an observational study based on a public survey started from June to August 2022. The validated Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire was used as a burnout assessment tool. An integral burnout index was calculated, on the basis of which significant risk factors were analyzed. The results obtained are presented in the form of a predictive nomogram.RESULTS: the high degree of emotional burnout in Russia among doctors reaches 32%. The most significant professional risk factors are relationships between colleagues (p = 0.0002), overtime work (p = 0.006), work in outpatient unit (p = 0.006), with severe patients (p = 0.008) and uneven planning of work activities (0.0004). The protective factors are: family (p = 0.001), sports (p = 0.001), meditation (p = 0.005) and talking about own problems (p = 0.01).CONCLUSION: burnout is a multifactorial problem. The proposed nomogram is useful for identification of the most vulnerable specialists.
Identifying factors associated with central obesity in school students using artificial intelligence techniques
Authors: Zhang Yicheng , Wang Qiong , Xue Mei , Pang Bo , Yang Min , Zhang Zhixin , Niu Wenquan 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesWe, in a large survey of school students from Beijing, aimed to identify the minimal number of promising factors associated with central obesity and the optimal machine-learning algorithm.MethodsUsing a cluster sampling strategy, this cross-sectional survey was conducted in Beijing in early 2022 among students 6–14 years of age. Information was gleaned via online questionnaires and analyzed by the PyCharm and Python.ResultsData from 11,308 children were abstracted for analysis, and 3,970 of children had central obesity. Light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) outperformed the other 10 models. The accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, area under the receiver operating characteristic of LGBM were 0.769982, 0.688312, 0.612323, 0.648098, and 0.825352, respectively. After a comprehensive evaluation, the minimal set involving top 6 important variables that can predict central obesity with descent performance was ascertained, including father's body mass index (BMI), mother's BMI, picky for foods, outdoor activity, screen, and sex. Validation using the deep-learning model indicated that prediction performance between variables in the minimal set and in the whole set was comparable.ConclusionsWe have identified and validated a minimal set of six important factors that can decently predict the risk of central obesity when using the optimal LGBM model relative to the whole set.
Transmission of environmentally responsible behavior between tourist destination employees and tourists: The role of moral elevation and environmental knowledge
Authors: Ye Weijiao , Li Ziqiang , Xu Yuyan 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionTourists’ environmental misconduct is the primary reason for the environmental destruction that tourist sites experience; nevertheless, their environmentally responsible behavior is also a major push for the improvement of the environment. The main goal of this study is to induce tourists to adopt proactive environmental responsibility behaviors.MethodsA total of 455 valid questionnaires were obtained from China and analyzed using multiple linear regression.ResultsThe findings of this study indicate employees’ environmentally responsible behavior (E-ERB) in tourist destinations has a positive impact on tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior (T-ERB). In the mediating variable of moral elevation, the correlation between E-ERB and T-ERB is mediated by elevating emotions and views of humanity. And desire to be a better person did not play a mediating role in the relationship between E-ERB and T-ERB. Additionally, environmental knowledge moderates the transmission path of the impact of E-ERB and T-ERB via elevating emotions. With high environmental knowledge, the transmission path of the impact of employees’ environmentally responsible behavior of the tourist destination on tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior via elevating emotions will be enhanced.DiscussionWe propose a new perspective to explain the transmission mechanism between employees’ environmentally responsible behavior and tourists’ environmentally responsible behavior in tourism destinations, which will help to expand our understanding of the relationship between employees’ behavior and tourists’ behavior. We expect our study to spark more exploration of the contagion of positive behavior in the field of environmental psychology.
Los límites de los cuatro suyus incaicos en el Cuzco
Authors: Zuidema Reiner Tom , Poole Deborah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In 1977 W. Espinoza Soriano published in this bulletin a document from 1577 giving a list of towns and villages belonging to the four suyus of Cuzco. On the basis of this list we publish a map and we show the coincidence concerning the borders of the suyus with those defined by Zuidema based on other evidence. The comparison helps to correct confusions introduced by Espinoza in his analysis of the data and to refute his criticisms to Zuidema.
Tres documentos inéditos para la historia de la guerra de reconquista inca. Las declaraciones de Lorenzo Manko y Diego Yuqra Tikona, servidores de Manko Inka Yupanki y de Francisco Waman Rimachi, testigos presenciales de los sucesos de 1533 a 1558
Authors: Guillén Guillén Edmundo 
Published: November 2022

Résumé
Dans cet article sont publiées les déclarations de trois témoins oculaires des événements de 1533 à 1558, c’est-à-dire depuis l’entrée de Manko Inka Yupanki à Cusco, avec ses alliés espagnols, jusqu’à la “sortie” de Yauki Sayri Thupa, — un de ses enfants — en 1558, sur la pression militaire et diplomatique du Marquis de Cañete. Ces témoignages directs, confrontés avec d’autres contemporains, constituent de nouveaux éléments inédits pour éclairer la version donnée par les sources espagnoles de cette époque ; ils font connaître également, et presque en détail, les négociations du vice-roi Marquis de Cañete, lequel se proposait d’en finir pacifiquement avec la résistance héroïque de Vilcabamba, ainsi que la prudence Inca pour déjouer ce plan et éviter les dangers d’une guerre contre ce dernier réduit du Tawantinsuyo.
Il ressort de ces témoignages, comparés avec d’autres fiables que nous avons consultés, la mise en question de la vérité sur la succession de Sayri Thupa à la mort de son père, Manko Inka, et la possibilité que le jeune auki ait simulé cette fonction par le truchement d’un artifice politique de la Cour de Vilcabamba.
Stratégie d’échange et relations de marché : le cas de Sibayo
Authors: Brougère Anne-Marie 
Published: November 2022

Resumen
Hoy día, la mayoría de los investigadores que trabajan el tema del pastoralismo andino está de acuerdo en reconocer el aspecto fundamental del factor ecológico sobre el desarrollo de las sociedades pastorales, y más específicamente sobre la organización social. Constituye un buen ejemplo de eso la comunidad ganadera de Sibayo.
Antiguamente, esta comunidad estaba inserta en un mecanismo que permitía a una misma etnia la redistribución de sus productos a lo largo de varios pisos ecológicos. Hoy día, a pesar de las alteraciones soportadas por el sistema desde que se instaló la Colonia, el espíritu en el cual se aplicaba existe todavía en Sibayo. Eso significa que los ganaderos tratan de mantener un cierto control sobre varios pisos ecológicos para obtener productos que no se encuentran donde viven de manera permanente. Eso sigue siendo posible gracias a la vigencia de un amplio sistema de trueque permitiendo intercambios no monetarios entre la comunidad y cuatro pisos ecológicos que abarcan las zonas Chala, Yunga, Quechua y Puna.
Sin embargo, la vigencia de esta organización no impide que la comunidad esté en contacto estrecho y permanente con el mercado capitalista, sobre todo a través de la venta de una parte de su producción de lana y carne. Pero, el ganadero tiene una posición muy desfavorable pues se queda sin posibilidad de control o de intervención sobre el conjunto de las operaciones de mercado para obtener lo que le es necesario para todo el año.
Es más que todo por esta razón que muchos ganaderos de Sibayo utilizan todavía el trueque. Algunos además han terminado de vender una parte de su producción a los intermediarios. Se tratará de estudiar en un futuro cercano si esta tendencia reciente se confirma, y cual serán las consecuencias sobre la estructura interna de la comunidad.
Les chefferies préhispaniques du nord de l’Équateur. Formes d’habitat et organisation territoriale
Authors: Caillavet Chantal 
Published: November 2022

Résumé
Cet article propose d’analyser la distribution et l’organisation socio-politique de la population autochtone de l’ethnie Otavalo, à l’arrivée des conquérants espagnols.
Faute d’avoir été conservés pour le territoire équatorien, les actes de la “Visite” du Vice-Roi Toledo ou un recensement de la région considérée pour le XVIème siècle ne permettent de connaître ni la taille des unités ethniques de base (les parcialidades), leur nombre, leur distribution spatiale, leur hiérarchie et organisation interne : j’ai donc recours à une autre méthode pour compenser cette lacune documentaire. Il s’agit d’analyser un document d’archives qui donne une liste de noms de chefs ethniques de l'encomienda d’Otavalo, présentée par le chef le plus important de l’ethnie, en 1582 ; elle précise la quantité de coton brut qu’il a distribuée à chacun d’eux pour la fabrication des tissus du tribut colonial. Grâce à des références d’archives, j’ai ensuite calculé la proportion entre coton brut et tissus finis et, donc, l’équivalence entre la production de tissus, le nombre d’indiens tributaires et enfin, la population globale assignée à chaque chef ethnique.
La deuxième étape m’a conduite, par un travail d’archives et une enquête sur le terrain, à identifier puis à localiser chacun de ces chefs et leurs parcialidades.
Cette information rétablie permet de reconstituer l’habitat indien avant les reducciones coloniales : il semble très dispersé mais réparti très régulièrement dans tout le territoire de l’ethnie, occupant les différents paliers écologiques et souvent implanté à plus grande altitude qu’à l’époque coloniale.
Lesparcialidades sont de taille très variable, et regroupent une population — sous l’autorité d’un chef commun — oscillant de 60 à 1200 personnes. Ces modalités de peuplement si diversifiées sont en rapport avec l’écologie des terroirs occupés : unités plus petites dans les terres chaudes qu’en altitude. Diversité qui implique aussi une organisation socio-politique différente d’une parcialidad à l’autre : les écarts de statut entre les chefs ethniques sont manifestes ainsi que leur poids politique au niveau du pouvoir régional. Quelques éléments suggèrent l’existence d’une hiérarchie entre certains d’entre eux, déterminée autant par le prestige d’ordre religieux de telle unité ethnique que par la suprématie démographique de telle autre.
Las visitas a Yanquecollaguas de los siglos XVI y XVII: organización social y tenencia de tierras
Authors: Benavides María 
Published: November 2022

This work presents an installment on the study of the visitas to the yanquecollaguas towns of the Coica valley, in the peruvian south andean region. These visitas consist of population census, agricultural land and livestock surveys of the most important sector of the colonial province of Collaguas, juridiction of Arequipa: the repartimientos of Yanquecollaguas.
The analysis is based on the two unpublished visitas of 1604 and 1615-1617, and will also dwell with the visitas of 1591 published by Franklin Pease G. Y. (1977b) and the fragmented one of 1667 published by Guillermo Caldos Rodríguez (1984). Utilizing the rich information offered by the visitas to the yanquecollaguas, it is intented to establish what was the social organization and the tenure system and inheritance mechanism of agricultural land and of livestock during the viceroyalty. An attempt is made to compare the viceroyal —colonial— and the actual systems with respect to the institutions governing tenure and inheritance of the agricultural land and pastures.
La sierra de Piura: ¿al margen de la evolución agraria andina?
Authors: Etesse Grégoire 
Published: November 2022

La diversidad productiva de la sierra de Piura, al Norte del Perú, obedece a tres modalidades principales de reproducción de la fertilidad, basadas en:
1- el árbol y la roza y quema,
2- el animal y la agricultura de yunta ligera (arado de palo), y
3- el agua y la irrigación.
Resulta fecundo para aproximarse a la evolución agrícola andina, intentar poner fechas a la aparición de estas diferentes formas de agricultura que coexisten en la sierra central de Piura. Ésta constituye un espacio marginal, pues ni la revolución agrohidraúlica andina, ni la revolución forrajera del siglo XIX, ni la revolución verde reciente se han generalizado. Pese a su marginación y su atraso con relación a la espectacular acumulación de las fuerzas productivas en los valles de la costa, la microrregión posee una dinámica del desarrollo agrario propia, que combina técnicas de arborización, de irrigación y de articulación entre agricultura y ganadería con relaciones sociales originales (rondas campesinas).
Un sitio precerámico de Huarmey (PV35-6) antes de la introducción del maíz
Authors: Bonavia Duccio , Johnson-Kelly Laura W. , Reitz Elizabeth J. , Wing Elizabeth S. , Weir Glendon H. 
Published: November 2022

A preceramic site near Huarmey (PV 35-6) before the introduction of maize
Abstract
An attempt is made to reconstruct the history of a preceramic site on the Peruvian north-central coast that was inhabited during the third millenium BC. The site and the materials recovered are described in this article.
The botanical remains indicate that this occupation belonged to a transitional phase between the early preceramic epoch, when the first domesticated plants began to be utilized, and the late preceramic epoch, when domesticated plants represented the fundamental basis of the economy in societies on the Peruvian coast.
The importance of the site is due to the fact that it represents an occupation immediately prior to the introduction of maize in the zone. Among the botanical material are fragments of leaves, possibly of coca. They are probably the most ancient remains of this plant known. There are also pods of beans, representing the earliest presence of this plant on the coast. The animal remains reflect the importance of the sea and its products for the early societies of Huarmey.
The recovery of coprolites has led to reconstruction of the pollen spectrum and facilitated knowledge of the environment in which those societies developed. It has also enabled the authors to reconstruct the diet. It is interesting to note the possible existence of geophagy (pica).
The authors conclude that, while dedicated to fishing and gathering of seafoods, the inhabitants of PV 35-6 were also utilizing agricultural produce and at the same time practising the gathering of vegetable foods and hunting of small land animals.