bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Blockchain-based Privacy-preserving and Access-control Framework for Electronic Health Records Management
Authors: Jakhar Amit Kumar , Singh Mrityunjay , Sharma Rohit , Sharma Aman 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Healthcare data is crucial and sensitive because it contains information about a patient's medical history, treatments along with actions. This information is frequently shared among different stakeholders of the system. As patients’ information is vital, therefore, it must be kept accurate, up to date, secret, and available only to those who are authorized to access the specified information. Centralized systems are commonly used to maintain healthcare records which increases the security risk. Therefore, this study focuses on protecting the privacy and security of sensitive healthcare documents while sharing them across multiple healthcare participants. In this work, we proposed a privacy-preserving access control framework based on blockchain technology that uses consensus-driven decentralized data management on top of peer-to-peer distributed computing platforms to ensure the privacy, security, accessibility, and integrity of healthcare data. Blockchain technology helps to protect transactions from manipulation due to its irreversibility and immutability features. Furthermore, we comprehensively investigate the blockchain-enabled security requirements by including patients, doctors, chemists, and pathology labs as entities of the system that can share information through a proper channel. We have evaluated our proposed framework using Hyperledger Fabric and found that the developed framework reveals promising benefits in security, regulation compliance, reliability, flexibility, and accuracy.
Angiotensin II type 1a receptor deficiency alleviates muscle atrophy after denervation
Authors: Takayama Suguru , Inoue Kazuho , Ogura Yuji , Hoshino Seiko , Sugaya Takeshi , Ohata Keiichi , Kotake Hitoshi , Ichikawa Daisuke , Watanabe Minoru , Kimura Kenjiro , Shibagaki Yugo , Kamijo-Ikemori Atsuko 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The study aim was to determine if suppressed activation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) prevents severe muscle atrophy after denervation. The sciatic nerves in right and left inferior limbs were cut in AT1a knockout homo (AT1a−/−) male mice and wild-type (AT1a+/+) male mice. Muscle weight and cross-sectional areas of type IIb muscle fibers in gastrocnemius muscle decreased at 7 and 21 days postdenervation in both AT1a−/− mice and AT1a+/+ mice, and the reduction was significantly attenuated in the denervated muscles of AT1a−/− mice compared to the AT1a+/+mice. Gene expressions in the protein degradation system [two E3 ubiquitin ligases (muscle RING-finger protein-1 and Atrogin-1)] that were upregulated at 7days postdenervation in all denervated mice were significantly lower in AT1a−/− mice than in AT1a+/+mice. Activations of nuclear factor κB and Forkhead box subgroup O1 were significantly suppressed in the AT1a−/− mice compared with those in the AT1a+/+ mice. In addition, apoptosis pathway evaluated by gene expressions of Bcl-2-associated X protein and TUNEL staining was significantly suppressed in the AT1a−/− mice compared with that in the AT1a+/+ mice. In conclusion, the AT1 receptor deficiency retarded muscle atrophy after denervation via suppression ofthe protein degradation system and apoptosis.
Genome instability underlies an augmented DNA damage response in familial and sporadic ALS human iPSC-derived motor neurons
Authors: Ziff Oliver , Neeves Jacob , Mitchell Jamie , Tyzack Guilia , Ruiz Carlos , McGranahan Nicholas , Luisier Raphaelle , Chakrabarti Anob , Boulton Simon , Kelly Gavin , Humphrey Jack , Patani Rickie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is characterised by progressive motor neuron degeneration, but there is marked genetic and clinical heterogeneity1. It has been challenging to identify common ALS mechanisms among this diversity; however, a systematic framework examining motor neurons across the ALS spectrum may reveal unifying insights. Here, we present the most comprehensive compendium of ALS human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived motor neurons (iPSNs) from 429 donors, spanning 10 ALS mutations and sporadic ALS, from 15 datasets, including Answer ALS and NeuroLINCS. Using gold-standard reproducible bioinformatic workflows, we identified that ALS iPSNs show a common increase in the DNA damage response, which is characterised by activation of p53 signalling. The strongest p53 activation was observed in C9orf72 repeat expansions but was also found in TARDBP, FUS and sporadic subgroups. p53 activation was replicated in an ALS postmortem spinal cord cohort of 203 samples, indicating that the p53-dependent DNA damage response in ALS begins early and persists into the later stages of the disease. ALS iPSNs showed extensive genomic instability, as evidenced by enrichment of splicing alterations, single nucleotide variants, insertions, deletions and gene fusions, which may contribute to their p53 signature. In summary, by integrating the global landscape of ALS iPSNs, we reveal genome instability and p53 activation as common hallmarks of ALS motor neurons and provide a resource for identifying future ALS drug targets.
Two-dimensional anisotropic vortex-bright soliton and its dynamics in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattice
Authors: Zhong Honghua , Tan Zhi , Gong Huilin , Zhu Bo , Hu Shufang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study construction and dynamics of two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic vortex-bright (VB) soliton in spinor dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates confined in a 2D optical lattice (OL), with two localized components linearly mixed by the spin-orbit coupling and long-range dipole-dipole interaction (DDI). It is found that the OL and DDI can support stable anisotropic VB soliton in the present setting for arbitrarily small value of norm N. We then present a new method via examining the mean square error of norm share of bright component to implement stability analysis. It is revealed that one can control the stability of anisotropic VB soliton only by adjusting OL depth for a fixed DDI. In addition, the dynamics of the anisotropic VB soliton was studied by applying the kick to them. The mobility of the single kicked VB solition is Rabbi-like oscillation. However, for the collision dynamics of two kicked anisotropic VB solitons, their properties mainly depend on their initial distance and OL, and they can realize the transition from the bright component to the vortex component. Our work may provides a convenient way to prepare and manipulate anisotropic VB soliton in high dimensional space.
Decadal trend of synoptic temperature variability over the Northern Hemisphere in winter
Authors: Cui Zhenyuan , He Chao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Synoptic temperature variability gives rise to cold waves and extreme cold events in winter. Based on four reanalysis datasets, this study investigates the decadal trend of synoptic temperature variability in boreal winter during the period from 1980 to 2019, with particular focus on the sharp drops in synoptic-scale temperature, which are associated with cold waves. The result shows that the synoptic-scale standard deviation of temperature decreases significantly with a trend of − 0.15K/decade (− 0.09 to − 0.21 K/decade among reanalysis datasets) over continental regions in mid to high latitudes. Correspondingly, the rapid cooling events (RCEs), defined based on the day-to-day temperature decrease exceeding 6 K, also shows a general decreasing trend in terms of its frequency and intensity, and the strongest decreasing trend occurs over the eastern North America (ENA) and western Eurasia (WE). The weakening of the RCEs is closely connected to the decreased trend of eddy kinetic energy (EKE), suggesting that the weakened transient eddy activities may have mitigated the synoptic-scale temperature variability and the associated RCEs over mid to high latitudes. This study highlights that the decreased synoptic temperature variability leads to fewer and weaker RCEs at synoptic scale over mid to high latitudes in winter, in addition to the warming trend of mean state.
The relationship between triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and coronary microvascular disease
Authors: Liao Li ping , Lei Wu , Yang Yang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein (TG/HDL-C) is a novel marker of insulin resistance. Recently, it has been documented that this index is related to the occurrence of coronary artery diseases. However, no research has reported whether TG/HDL-C is associated with the occurrence of coronary microvascular disease (CMVD).
Aim: This study set out to investigate the association betweentriglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(TG/HDL-C) and occurrence of coronary microvascular disease(CMVD).
Methods: 175 patients with CMVD diagnosed in the department of cardiology in our hospital from October 2017 to October 2021 were selected as the study group and 175 patients without chest pain and history of cardiovascular disease who underwent physical examination in the medical examination center of our hospital were selected as the
non-CMVD group. The clinical data were compared between the two groups. The risk factors of CMVD were analyzed using logistic regression, and the efficacy of independent risk factors in predicting CMVD was analyzed by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results: Compared with healthy group, the proportion of female, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, platelet count, total cholesterol, C-reactive protein and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein ratio were increased in CMVD group (P < 0.05), but albumin level and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis suggested that C-reactive protein, female, albumin and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein were independent risk factors for CMVD, with the area under the curve of 0.754, 0.651, 0.722 and 0.789 the 95% confidence interval of (0.681-0.827), (0.571-0.730), (0.649-0.794) and (0.718-0.859) (P< 0.001), respectively.
Conclusion: Triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein(TG/HDL-C) is an independent risk factor for occurrence of CMVD.
A novel hemispherical visible light transmitter design for multi-user beamforming in wireless communication
Authors: Delwar Tahesin Samira , Siddique Abrar , Ryu Jee Youl 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article presents a novel hemispherical visible light transmitter design for multi-user using optical beamforming (OB) in VLC communication. OB is a technique that uses specific selectivity to focus LED light on a specific point. By raising the SNR, OB helps to improve the VLC's data rate. We demonstrated the layout of a hemispherical visible light transmitter design. We developed a µGOA optimization technique for power optimization and created a look-up table. The work is progressed by training the signal using µGOA. µGOA helps to find suitable LEDs to get maximum signal strength in any user position. We provide an efficient fully adaptive VLC system that can increase the receiver signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and minimize the time necessary to estimate the VLC user position. Furthermore, we have tested the feasibility and robustness of the proposed system for various user positions. Simulation results show the bit error rate (BER) performance and high SNR characteristics of VLC. We can observe that the SNR at the 61 segment increases by 3 dB after beamforming. Furthermore, beamforming enhances the SNR at segments 1 and 121 by 4 dB and, 4.7 dB respectively. The VLC-based OB can benefit from smarter communication for multi-user beamforming in wireless communication.
AT1R gene polymorphism contributes to MACCEs in Hypertension patients
Authors: Luo Jun-Yi , Du Guo-Li , Hao Yang-Min , Liu Fen , Zhang Tong , Fang Bin-Bin , Li Xiao-Mei , Gao Xiao-Ming , Yang Yi-Ning 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the possible association between AT1R gene polymorphisms and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) in hypertension patients combined with or without coronary heart disease (CHD) in Xinjiang.
METHODS:
374 CHD patients and 341 non-CHD individuals were enrolled as study participants and all of them have a hypertension diagnosis. AT1R gene polymorphisms were genotyped by SNPscan™ typing assays. During the follow-up in the clinic or by telephone interview, MACCEs were recorded. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox survival analyses were used to explore the association between AT1R gene polymorphisms and the occurrence of MACCEs.
RESULTS:
AT1R gene rs389566 was associated with MACCEs. The TT genotype of the AT1R gene rs389566 had a significantly higher probability of MACCEs than the AA+AT genotype (75.2% vs 24.8%, P=0.033). Older age (OR=1.028, 95% CI: 1.009-1.0047, P=0.003) and TT genotype of rs389566 (OR=1.770, 95% CI: 1.148-2.729, P=0.01) were risk factors of MACCEs. AT1R gene rs389566 TT genotype may be a predisposing factor for the occurrence of MACCEs in hypertensive patients.
CONDLUSION:
AT1R SNP rs389566 may be a common genetic loci and optimal genetic susceptibility marker for MACCEs in hypertension patients.
Deciphering the role of codon usage bias on gene expression and pathogen colonization in Crocus sativus
Authors: Nisa Shamsun , Gupta Suruchi , Ahmed Waqas , Singh Ravail 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Codon usage bias (CUB) is a ubiquitous phenomenon perseveres in genome of all the organisms. It impinges the gene expression and other genetic intricacies within a genome. The present study explicates the pattern of codon usage in the protein coding sequence of Crocus sativus and its relation with gene expression. Gene expression analysis in C. sativus showed genes with high expression had a preference of G base at third position. CUB had an inverse relation with gene expression. Coding sequences with ENC < 50 had low FPKM value while low codon bias group (ENC > 50) possessed high FPKM value. The low tAI values showed the low translation efficiency of genes in C. sativus. The non-significant MELP and ENC correlation analysis suggested that expression of genes might not be associated with CUB. ENC and PR-2 plot revealed mutation pressure and natural selection played role in shaping CUB. However, neutrality plot conclusively depicted the dominance of natural selection in regulating the configuration of codons in all three species. In addition, the role of CUB regarding the predilection of fungal pathogens Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium oxysporum towards host plant C. sativus has also been expounded. We found a similar trend of codon usage pattern operative in plant and fungal pathogens as both the fungal pathogens and host plant showed similar GC rich genomic content as well as preference for GC ending codons at third codon position. This concurrence might be attributed for the colonization of fungal pathogens in C. sativus. Overall, different CUB indices reflected a weak codon bias in the C. sativus, F. oxysporum and A. fumigatus genome.
Steric Confinement Modulation and High-Tc Realization of Lead-Free Halide Hybrid Ferroelectrics via Halogen Substitution
Authors: Chen Qin , Jiang Haidong , Fan Yipeng , Li Zhou , Huang Ye , Yao Yunpeng , Chen Shuang , ji chengmin , Zhang Shuhua , Luo Junhua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (HOIP) ferroelectrics with high Curie temperature (Tc), typified by the lead halide hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics, are developing rapidly owing to their maneuverable ferroelectricity at high temperature. However, acquiring high-Tc lead-free HOIP ferroelectrics via rational strategy still needs development. In this work, we first proposed a brand-new program by modulating the steric confinement in a cuplike cavity to design high-Tc bismuth-halide ferroelectrics [H2mdap]BiX5 (H2mdap = N-Methyl-1,3-Propanediamine, X = Cl (1), Br (2), I(3)). Emphatically, the Tc enhanced dramatically from 264 K of 3 to 318 K of 2 and 377 K of 1, induced by the substitution of Br and Cl to I, accompanied with a interesting transition from second-order phase transition (for 3) to the first-order one (for 1 and 2). The extent of Tc increase is up to 113 K, which far outweighs that of reported Pb-halide hybrid ferroelectrics. Structural and computational analyses elucidate that this unprecedented improvement of Tc is due to the higher phase transition energy barriers induced by modulating the steric confinement of cuplike cavity via halogen substitution. These results will provide new inspiration for designing high-Tc lead-free HOIP ferroelectrics.
Vibration Compensation of Delta 3D Printer with Position-varying Dynamics using Filtered B-Splines
Authors: Edoimioya Nosakhare Ekpen , Chou Cheng-Hao , Okwudire Chinedum 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The delta robot is becoming a popular choice for the mechanical design of fused filament fabrication 3D printers because it can reach higher speeds than traditional serial-axis designs. Like serial 3D printers, delta printers suffer from undesirable vibration at high speeds which degrades the quality of fabricated parts. This undesirable vibration has been suppressed in serial printers using linear model-inversion feedforward control methods like the filtered B-splines (FBS) approach. However, techniques like the FBS approach are computationally challenging to implement on delta 3D printers because of their coupled, position-dependent dynamics. In this paper, we propose a methodology to address the computational bottlenecks by (1) parameterizing the position-dependent portions of the dynamics offline to enable efficient online model generation, (2) computing real-time models at sampled points (instead of every point) along the given trajectory, and (3) employing QR factorization to reduce the number of floating-point arithmetic operations associated with matrix inversion. In simulations, we report a computation time reduction of up to 23x using the proposed method, while maintaining high accuracy, when compared to a controller using the computationally expensive exact LPV model. In experiments, we demonstrate significant quality improvements on parts printed at various positions on the delta 3D printer using our proposed controller compared to a baseline alternative, which uses an LTI model from one position. Through acceleration measurements during printing, we also show that the print quality boost of the proposed controller is due to vibration reductions of more than 20% when compared to the baseline controller.
The Mental Health of Medical Students in Daegu during the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yeo Sanghee , Choi Eunkyung , Kim Jungmin , Won Seunghee 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background: In February 2020, a local outbreak of COVID-19 occurred in Daegu, South Korea. It was the first outbreak of COVID-19 in South Korea and confirmed cases increased sharply, sparking intense anxiety among residents. In circumstances like this, it is important to assess the effect of an infectious disease pandemic on medical students’ mental health, develop mental health intervention materials at schools, and set the direction for future medical education. This study analyzed the data of a mental health survey on students enrolled at a medical school located in Daegu in 2020.
Methods: An online survey was administered to 654 medical school students (pre-medical course: 220 students, medical course: 434 students) from August to October 2020, with 61.16% (n = 400) valid responses. The questionnaire included items about COVID-19 related experiences, stress, stress resilience, anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II))
Results: Of the survey participants, 15.5% had experienced unbearable stress, with the most significant stress factors (in descending order) being limited leisure activities, unusual experiences related to COVID-19, and limited social activities. Approximately 28.8% reported psychological distress, and their most experienced negative emotions were helplessness, depression, and anxiety (in descending order). The mean BAI and BDI-II scores were 2.44 and 6.08, respectively, both within normal ranges. Approximately 8.3% had mild or greater anxiety, and 15% had mild or greater depression. For students under psychological distress, the experience of unbearable stress before COVID-19 affected anxiety (OR 0.198, p<0.05), and having an underlying condition affected depression (OR 0.190, p<0.05). With respect to their psychological distress during August–October 2020 compared with that during February–March 2020 (two months from the initial outbreak), anxiety stayed the same while depression increased and resilience decreased at a statistically significant level.
Conclusions: It was found that some medical students were suffering from psychological difficulties related to COVID-19, and there were several risk factors for them. This finding suggests that medical schools need to not only develop academic management systems but also provide programs that can help students manage their mental health and emotions in preparation for an infectious disease pandemic.
Local Variations of the Geomagnetic Field Components as Possible Precursors of the Paravan and Spitak Earthquakes
Authors: Grigorian Alina , Baranov Aleksey 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We analyze variable geomagnetic field δΤ which characterizes the change in electrical conductivity in the Earth's crust for the Armenia from 1986 to 1993. Clear geomagnetic precursors of the Paravan (13.05.1986, М=5.4) and Spitak (07.12.1988, М=7.0) earthquakes are obtained. About half a year before the Spitak earthquake, the parameters of the ratios of bay-like variations (30–60 and 5–25 min) of the horizontal and vertical components of the geomagnetic field δΤ decreased by about 30%. An analysis of the data two months before the Paravan earthquake also shows a sharp drop in the values ​​of this parameter by 20–25%. In the interval between two earthquakes, the ratios of bay-like variations lie in the range of ± 10% with an average value of 1. For the Sq variations of the δD, δH, and δZ components of the geomagnetic field δΤ, a sharp drop was observed about a month before the Paravan earthquake from 1.2 to 0.8. After the Paravan earthquake, all three components partially returned to their pre-earthquake parameters (~ 1.2) within a few months. Further, a monotonous decrease in all three components of the geomagnetic field was observed up to the Spitak earthquake from 1.2 to 0.54. After this earthquake, the bay-like and Sq variations returned to normal values ​​between 1 and 1.2 within a few months. The difference in the behavior for the bay-like and Sq variations in the period between two earthquakes is possibly associated with the beginning of the preparation of the Spitak earthquake a few months after the Paravan earthquake.