bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fénykép mint mise en abyme – „prózafordulat”, fotó a mise en abyme tükröződésében
Authors: Visy Beatrix 
Published: October 2022

A tanulmány az eredetileg képzőművészethez kapcsolódó jelenség, a mise en abyme szépirodalmi működését vizsgálja. A fogalmi, elméleti megközelítés rávilágít arra is, hogy a mise en abyme mint a narráción belüli öntükröző alakzat gyakran vizuális narrációként vagy képleírásként, ekphrasziszként van jelen a műben. A fotográfiában a valóság és „tükröződése” még bonyolultabb kérdéseket vet fel, a fénykép irodalmi művekben való felbukkanása pedig gyakran hatással van a narrációra, a próza egyes jegyeire. A fényképek több alkalommal is a szöveg öntükröző alakzataiként ragadhatók meg, a képen látható kiragadott pillanat (punctum) a mű csomópontját adja, s a fotó nem egyszer metaforikus, szimbolikus erővel sűríti magába az egész történet lényegét, elvont-lényegi jelentését. Különösen fontos és termékeny összefüggéseket mutat mindez a magyar irodalomban a 70-es, 80-as évek prózai átalakulásával, az úgynevezett prózafordulat jelenségeivel és intermediális vonásaival.A tanulmány három különböző szerző (Mészöly Miklós, Bereményi Géza, Závada Pál) művében vizsgálja a fénykép szerepét, jelentőségét. Mindhárom csoportkép, és mindhárom, más-más tartalmi, gondolati kérdést mozgósítva, a regény mise en abyme-jaként értelmezhető.
Kép forrása: Fortepan / Gádoros Lajos
Lactate dehydrogenases promote glioblastoma growth and invasion via a metabolic symbiosis
Authors: Guyon Joris , Fernandez‐Moncada Ignacio , Larrieu Claire M , Bouchez Cyrielle L , Pagano Zottola Antonio C , Galvis Johanna , Chouleur Tiffanie , Burban Audrey , Joseph Kevin , Ravi Vidhya M , Espedal Heidi , Røsland Gro Vatne , Daher Boutaina , Barre Aurélien , Dartigues Benjamin , Karkar Slim , Rudewicz Justine , Romero‐Garmendia Irati , Klink Barbara , Grützmann Konrad , Derieppe Marie‐Alix , Molinié Thibaut , Obad Nina , Léon Céline , Seano Giorgio , Miletic Hrvoje , Heiland Dieter Henrik , Marsicano Giovanni , Nikolski Macha , Bjerkvig Rolf , Bikfalvi Andreas , Daubon Thomas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLactate is a central metabolite in brain physiology but also contributes to tumor development. Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor in adults, recognized by angiogenic and invasive growth, in addition to its altered metabolism. We show herein that lactate fuels GB anaplerosis by replenishing the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in absence of glucose. Lactate dehydrogenases (LDHA and LDHB), which we found spatially expressed in GB tissues, catalyze the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate. However, ablation of both LDH isoforms, but not only one, led to a reduction in tumor growth and an increase in mouse survival. Comparative transcriptomics and metabolomics revealed metabolic rewiring involving high oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the LDHA/B KO group which sensitized tumors to cranial irradiation, thus improving mouse survival. When mice were treated with the antiepileptic drug stiripentol, which targets LDH activity, tumor growth decreased. Our findings unveil the complex metabolic network in which both LDHA and LDHB are integrated and show that the combined inhibition of LDHA and LDHB strongly sensitizes GB to therapy.
Pad Wells and Packer Penetrator Depth with and without Tdv
Authors: Kasem Towfeq Salem 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A Design responsible for more than thirty parameters of drilling projects, and a computer program to create groupings of the wells of a pad with consequent calculations of technical-economic characteristics, are developed and tested, covering a small surface area on land and a maximum interference with the reservoir downhole.
PAD wells are mainly installed with Packers/penetrators, SSSV (subsurface safety valves) for well bore protection from any abnormal high pressure, the casing is secured with the non-beaded packers and the tubing is secured with an SSSV that is activated manually through a capillary tube connected up to the surface.
Here we present the performance of electrical submersible pumps in PAD wells installed with TDV (Tubing drain valves) and without TDV and the effect of the gasses accumulated in the annulus that can affect the performance of the electrical submersible pumps which can cause gasses locks or ESP trips and this can be classified as below:
PAD Wells with TDV PAD wells without TDV
The above classification can be further branched into the below:
Higher Distance between Packer and Intake less distance between Packer and intake
using the daily monitoring and the sensor parameter charts and studying the history and performance of the ESP we will analyze each cases separately to get to conclusions and recommendations on which case is better to design for PAD wells that can efficiently increase the performance of the ESP and increase the ERL (Equipment run life).
In addition, this paper will discuss the effect of accumulated gasses trapped in the annulus on the ESP cable.
Based on the conclusions for each case, this paper will provide recommendations to enhance the equipment run life of the ESP system to avoid premature failures, gas lock and smooth operation for such cases.
Age and serum creatinine can differentiate ceruloplasmin-normalized patients with Wilson disease
Authors: Chen Lin , Shi Yongguang , Wang Nan , Lou Zhuoqi , Wu Chensi , Pan Liya , Xu Xiaolan , Yang Renmin , Han Yongzhu , Hu Wenbin , Ruan Bing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Significantly reduced serum ceruloplasmin (Cp) is the most important clue in the diagnosis of Wilson disease (WD) and is well known to clinicians. The false increase of Cp in some WD patients decrease the diagnostic accuracy. The aims of our study was to understand the factors affecting WD patients’ Cp normalization, and identify these WD patients using routine predictors.
Methods:We retrospectively screened people with serum Cp ≥140mg/L from 1032 WD patients, and followed their medical records to execute mixed effects model analysis in longitudinal study. Logistic regression analyses were performed in a case-control study between WD cohort and another liver diseases cohort to explore the independent risk factors for Cp normalization and establish a regression model.
Results:Eighty-six WD patients and their 352 medical records over more than nine years and another 98 non-WD liver disease patients entered into present study. The Cp normalization were significantly associated with the copper burden and liver function indexes, such as urinary copper, γ-glutamyltransferase, albumin (P< 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed age and serum creatine (P< 0.001) were independent risk factors associated with WD. Its AUC value of regression model in total cohort was 0.926 (P< 0.001). At a cutoff value of ≥ 0.617 and ≥ -1, the positive and negtive predictive value both are 90.8% for WD, respectively.
Conclusion: Increased serum Cp in WD patients is related to excessive copper burden and hepatic injury, common tests can effectively foretell those WD patients from other liver injury patients.
A Finite Element method for Pricing Continuous-Installment Options under a Markov-modulated model
Authors: heidari saghar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we apply Markov-modulated models to value continuous-installment options of European style with partial differential equation approach. Under regime switching models and the opportunity for continuing or stopping to pay installments, the valuation problem can be formulated as coupled partial differential equations (CPDE) with free boundary features, which in many ways is similar to the free boundary problem for vanilla American options due to the possibility of early exercise. In this paper to value the continuous-installment options under the proposed model with numerical approach, we first express the truncated CPDE as a linear complementarity problem (LCP), then a finite element method is applied to solve the resulting variational inequality. Under some appropriate assumptions, we establish the stability of the method and illustrate some numerical results to examine the rate of convergence and accuracy of the proposed method for the pricing problem under regime-switching model.
Estimated public health gains from German smokers switching to risk-reduced alternatives: Results from population health impact modelling
Authors: Rytsar Romana , Djurdjevic Smilja , Nussbaum Alexander K , Kaul Ashok , Bennewitz Emanuel , Lee Peter N , Fry John S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Smoking is associated with cancer and cardiorespiratory disease mortality. Reducing smoking prevalence reduces deaths and life-years lost. Here, we estimate the impact of introducing heat-not-burn products and e-cigarettes in Germany from 1995 to 2015 on mortality from lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ischaemic heart disease, and stroke in men and women aged 30–79 years.
Methods
We used the previously described population health impact model. Modelling starts with individuals of a given sex and age range with a defined cigarette smoking distribution. They are then followed under a “Null Scenario”, where reduced-risk products are never introduced, and one of seven “Alternative Scenarios”, where they are. Transition probabilities allow tobacco product use to change annually, and the individual product histories then allow estimation of risks, relative to never users, for each year and Scenario, which are then used to estimate reductions in deaths and life-years lost for each Alternative Scenario.
Results
In the Null Scenario, we estimated 852,357 deaths from cigarette smoking, with 8.61 million life-years lost. Had everyone quit in 1995, with no further use of the three products, these numbers would reduce by 216,650 and 2.88 million. The reductions would be 159,278 and 2.06 million with an immediate complete switch from cigarettes to heat-not-burn products, and 179,470 and 2.34 million with an immediate switch to 50% heat-not-burn products and 50% e-cigarettes. In four Scenarios with a more gradual switch, estimated decreases were 39,818–81,293 deaths and 0.50–1.05 million life-years, representing 17.5%-37.5% of the effect of cessation. These estimates assume switching to heat-not-burn products and e-cigarettes involves risk decreases of 80% and 95% of those from quitting. The decreases would have increased, had more diseases and a wider age range been considered, and also with a longer follow-up period, the decreases increasing markedly with time.
Conclusions
Various limitations are discussed, none affecting our conclusion that introducing these new products into Germany in 1995 could have substantially reduced mortality. Our results imply deaths from cigarette smoking could be substantially reduced, both by cessation and switching to reduced-risk products. Risk-proportionate public health campaigns and regulation might increase such switching.
The effect of minimum segment width of collimator on VMAT plan quality for rectal cancer using Monaco TPS
Authors: Zhou Peng , Duan Aowen , Geng Mingying , Liu Yanhai , Li Jian , Luo Jia , He Xiao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the effect of the minimum segment width of the multi-leaf collimator (MLC) on the quality of rectal cancer planning in the Monaco treatment planning system.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 30 rectal cancer patients was conducted using the Monaco treatment planning system with varying minimum segment widths under the same optimization parameters. The dose of the target area and organs at risk (OARs), conformability index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), time of treatment and monitor units (MUs) were compared across patients under different minimum segment widths.
Results: All of the patients had γ-passing rates greater than 95% and they were all statistically significant. From TPS calculations and 3DVH recalculations, deviations above 5% occur at MLC=0.5 and 2.0, particularly larger at 0.5 and with a larger variance for target areas. Of the 9 dosimetric parameters, only D98 and Dmax were statistically significant. As the minimum segment width increases, the mean number of MUs decreased with 724, 525, 469, and 451 respectively, and the mean time of treatment also decreased from 154, 141 to 140s. The differences in target area dose, conformability index, homogeneity index and organs at risk dose with different segment widths were not statistically significant(P>0.05).
Conclusion: When designing treatment plans for rectal cancer using Monaco, dose distributions that meet the requirements can be obtained using all 4 segment width optimization patterns. In short, the radiation treatment time can be shortened and the clinical efficiency can be enhanced by increasing the minimum segment width without compromising the treatment outcome.
Cellular senescence affects energy metabolism, immune infiltration and immunotherapeutic response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Gao Biao , Wang Yafei , Lu Shichun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Aging is an inevitable consequence of life, characterized by a progressive decline in tissue and organ function and an increased risk of death. There is growing evidence that aging is closely related to tumor development and immune regulation. However, in hepatocellular carcinoma, the relationship between cellular senescence and immune infiltration, energy metabolism, chemokines, and immunotherapeutic response is unclear and needs further study.
Methods
We first analyzed 274 cellular senescence-associated genes by the NMF algorithm and identified two cellular senescence-associated clusters. Subsequently, we compared the differences between the two clusters, in terms of immune infiltration, energy metabolism, chemokines, and immunotherapeutic response to treatment. We further constructed risk models using cellular senescence-associated signature genes that could effectively identify the two subpopulations. Finally, we validated the validity and robustness of the risk model using an external dataset.
Results
We found significant differences in survival prognosis between two cellular senescence-associated clusters. In addition, we found significant differences in immune cell infiltration, expression of energy metabolism-related genes, expression of chemokine-related genes, expression of immune checkpoint-related genes, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion between the two clusters. Also, a scoring system associated with cellular senescence was developed and validated as an independent prognostic indicator.It was validated as an independent prognostic factor and immunotherapeutic predictor for HCC.It was validated as an independent prognostic factor and immunotherapeutic predictor for HCC. The cellular senescence-related scoring system was validated as an independent prognostic factor and immunotherapy predictor for HCC, and patients with low CSS were characterized by prolonged survival time.
Conclusion
Our study confirmed the relationship between cellular senescence and immune cell infiltration, energy metabolism, chemokines, expression of immune checkpoint-related genes, and response to immunotherapy. This enhances our understanding of cellular senescence and tumor immune microenvironment, energy metabolism, chemokines, and provides new insights to improve immunotherapy outcomes in HCC patients. It provides new insights to improve the outcome of immunotherapy in HCC patients.
Multimodal imaging of a micro-anatomical structure in the vitreous base
Authors: Han Liang , Ma Zhi-zhong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
To describe an ultrastructure in the vitreous base (VB) and its micro-anatomical characteristics by multimodal imaging.
Methods
Light and transmission electron microscopy of the VB were performed on specimens from post-trauma eyes and one healthy donor eye. Intra-operative fundus images associated with VB abnormalities were captured from 4 cases, including 2 retinal detachment (RD) with PVR eyes and 2 post-trauma eyes. Images during micro-anatomical observation of the three specimens were analyzed along with the fundus images obtained during vitrectomy.
Results
Densely packed collagen fibers were observed by light microscopy between the pigment epithelium layer and uveal tissue within the ora serrata region in specimen 1 and the post-mortem healthy eye, respectively. A similar structure was also observed by transmission electron microscopy interior to the pigment epithelium layer and exposed to the vitreous cavity in specimen 2. The collagen fibers, which were termed ciliary body-choroid-retina (CB-C-R) connector, connects to the vitreous fibers interiorly, ciliary epithelium anteriorly, peripheral retina posteriorly, and uveal tissue exteriorly. The three different RD boundaries related to the posterior edge of the VB, ora serrata, and ciliary epithelium are demonstrated with the micro-anatomical characteristics of the CB-C-R connector.
Conclusion
The CB-C-R connector exists deep in the VB.
Structural and Functional Differences in Small Intestinal and Fecal Microbiota: 16S rRNA Gene Investigation in Rats
Authors: Sun Xiao Wei , Zhang Hua , Li Hong Rui , Xin Peng Fei , Gao Xue , Zhou Cai Yun , Gao Wen Min , Kou Xuan Xuan , Jin Xiao Lei , Tang Xiao , Wang Da Wen , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Jian Gang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: The occurrence of serious diseases, such as inflammatory diseases and cancer, in the small intestine is significantly lower than that in the colon. The differentiation of small-intestine microbiota from large-intestine microbiota might hold great significance.
Materials and methods: To compare floral composition and functions between the two types of microbiota, ileal contents and feces were collected from Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, and the V3–V4 region of the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene in these rats was amplified and sequenced. We subjected the data to bioinformatics analyzing.
Results: Compared with feces, about 50% of bacterial genera in the ileum were exclusive, with low abundance (operational taxonomic units [OTUs] <1000). Of bacteria shared between the ileum and feces, a few genera were highly abundant (dominant), whereas most had low abundance (less dominant). Dominant bacteria differed between the ileum and feces. Ileal bacteria showed greater β-diversity, and the distance between in-group samples was nearer than that between paired ileum–feces samples. Moreover, the ileum shared various biomarkers and functions with feces (P < 0.05). A high-fat diet (HFD) and specific-pathogen–free (SPF) conditions had a profound influence on α-diversity and abundance but not on the exclusive/shared features or β-diversity of samples. Intestinal microbiota were composed of high-prevalence dominant, low-prevalence dominant, and less-dominant bacteria.
Conclusions: The present findings suggested that ileal and fecal bacteria were different structurally and functionally. These differences might be key to the fundamental protection of the small intestine from diseases.
A Patient Safety Knowledge Graph Supporting Vaccine Product Development
Authors: Simms Andrew M. , Kanakia Anshul , Sipra Muhammad , Dutta Bhaskar , Southall Noel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Knowledge graphs are well-suited for modeling complex, unstructured, and multi-source data and facilitating their analysis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, adverse event data were integrated into a knowledge graph to support vaccine safety surveillance and nimbly respond to urgent health authority questions. Here, we provide details of this post-marketing safety system using public data sources. In addition to challenges with varied data representations, adverse event reporting on the COVID-19 vaccines generated an unprecedented volume of data; an order of magnitude larger than adverse events for all previous vaccines. The Patient Safety Knowledge Graph (PSKG) is a robust data store to accommodate the volume of adverse event data and harmonize primary surveillance data sources.
Methods: We designed a semantic model to represent key safety concepts. We built an extract-transform-load (ETL) data pipeline to parse and import primary public data sources; align key elements such as vaccine names; integrated the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA); and applied quality metrics. PSKG is deployed in a Neo4J graph database, and made available via a web interface and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs).
Results: We import and align adverse event data and vaccine exposure data from 250 countries on a weekly basis, producing a graph with 4,340,980 nodes and 30,544,475 edges as of July 1, 2022 . PSKG is used for ad-hoc analyses and periodic reporting for several widely available COVID-19 vaccines. Analysis code using the knowledge graph is 80% shorter than an equivalent implementation written entirely in Python, and runs over 200 times faster.
Conclusions: Organizing safety data into a concise model of nodes, properties, and edge relationships has greatly simplified analysis code by removing complex parsing and transformation algorithms from individual analyses and instead managing these centrally. The adoption of the knowledge graph transformed how the team answers key scientific and medical questions. Whereas previously an analysis would involve aggregating and transforming primary datasets from scratch to answer a specific question, the team can now iterate easily and respond as quickly as requests evolve (e.g., “Produce vaccine-X safety profile for adverse event-Y by country instead of age-range”).
Co-benefits not trade-offs associated with heat tolerance in a reef building coral
Authors: Lachs Liam , Humanes Adriana , Pygas Daniel , Bythell John , Mumby Peter , Ferrari Renata , Figueira William , Beauchamp Elizabeth , East Holly , Edwards Alasdair , Golbuu Yimnang , Martinez Helios , Sommer Brigitte , Steeg Eveline van der , Guest James 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
As marine species adapt to climate change, their heat tolerance will likely be under strong selection. Yet trade-offs between heat tolerance and other life history traits could compromise natural adaptation or restorative assisted evolution. This is particularly important for ecosystem engineers, such as reef-building corals, which support biodiversity yet are vulnerable to heatwave-induced mass bleaching and mortality. Here, we exposed 70 colonies of the reef-building coral Acropora digitifera to a long-term marine heatwave emulation experiment. We tested for trade-offs between heat tolerance and three traits – colony growth (3D photogrammetry models), fecundity (oocyte counts), and symbiont community composition (ITS2 sequencing). Despite observing remarkable within-population variability in heat tolerance, all coral colonies were dominated by Cladocopium C40 symbionts. We found no evidence for trade-offs between heat tolerance and fecundity or growth. Contrary to expectations, positive associations emerged with growth, such that faster-growing colonies tended to bleach and die at higher levels of heat stress. Collectively, our results suggest that these corals exist on an energetic continuum where some individuals have co-benefits across multiple traits. Within populations, trade-offs between heat tolerance and either growth or fecundity may not be major barriers to natural adaptation or the success of restorative assisted evolution interventions.