bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The secreted protein augurin is a novel modulator of canonical Wnt signalling involved in osteoblast differentiation
Authors: Ruggiero Carmen , Durand Nelly , Jarjat Marielle , Barhanin Jacques , Ghirardello Elena J. , Dack Michael R.G. , Williams Graham R. , Bassett J.H. Duncan , Lalli Enzo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundECRG4/C2ORF40 is a tumour suppressor gene downregulated in several cancer types, which encodes the secreted protein augurin. A wide number of functions in health and disease have been assigned to augurin, but the signalling pathways it regulates are still poorly characterized. Augurin expression is strongly upregulated during in vitro differentiation of neonatal mouse osteoblasts.MethodsIn vitro differentiation assays of calvarial osteoblasts isolated from Ecrg4 ‐/‐ and wild‐type mice; transient transfection assays using reporters activated by Wnt signalling and other signal transduction pathways; Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction for measurement of gene expression; protein expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells and Escherichia coli; in situ binding assays of proteins expressed as fusions to alkaline phosphatase with cells expressing various membrane receptors.ResultsOsteoblasts from Ecrg4 ‐/‐ mice have an accelerated differentiation compared to wild‐type and upregulation of Wnt markers. Augurin is a specific repressor of Wnt‐stimulated transcriptional activity, both when coexpressed together with the reporter and when added to the culture medium as a soluble protein. We confirmed the previously described binding of augurin to LOX1, a scavenger receptor, but an inhibitor of this molecule did not impair augurin repression of Wnt‐stimulated transcription specifically. Genome‐wide association studies showed an association of ECRG4 genomic variation with body height and osteoarthritis.ConclusionsOur study sheds new light on the wide spectrum of functions previously ascribed to augurin in brain function, stem cell biology, inflammation/immunity and cancer. Furthermore, our discovery paves the way to further characterization of the mechanisms involved in augurin repression of Wnt signalling and the development of agonists and antagonists for this protein, which have a wide array of potential applications in the clinic.
Taking molecular pathology to the next level: Whole slide multicolor confocal imaging with the Pannoramic Confocal digital pathology scanner
Authors: Rebenku István , Bartha Ferenc A. , Katona Tamás , Zsebik Barbara , Antalffy Géza , Takács Lili , Molnár Béla , Vereb György 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe emergence and fast advance of digital pathology allows the acquisition, digital storage, interactive recall and analysis of morphology at the tissue level. When applying immunohistochemistry, it also affords the correlation of morphology with the expression of one or two specific molecule of interest. The rise of fluorescence pathology scanners expands the number of detected molecules based on multiplex labeling. The Pannoramic Confocal (created by 3DHistech, Hungary) is a first‐of‐the‐kind digital pathology scanner that affords not only multiplexed fluorescent detection on top of conventional transmission imaging, but also confocality. We have benchmarked this scanner in terms of stability, precision, light efficiency, linearity and sensitivity. X–Y stability and relocalisation precision were well below resolution limit (≤50 nm). Light throughput in confocal mode was 4–5 times higher than that of a point scanning confocal microscope, yielding similar calculated confocal intensities but with the potential for improving signal to noise ratio or scan speed. Response was linear with R2 ≥ 0.9996. Calibrated measurements showed that using indirect labeling ≥2000 molecules per cell could be well detected and imaged on the cell surface. Both standard‐based and statistical post‐acquisition flatfield corrections are implemented. We have also measured the point spread function (PSF) of the instrument. The dimensions of the PSF are somewhat larger and less symmetric than of the theoretical PSF of a conventional CLSM, however, the spatial homogeneity of these parameters allows for obtaining a specific system PSF for each optical path and using it for optional on‐the‐fly deconvolution. In conclusion, the Pannoramic Confocal provides sensitive, quantitative widefield and confocal detection of multiplexed fluorescence signals, with optical sectioning and 3D reconstruction, in addition to brightfield transmission imaging. High speed scanning of large samples, analysis of tissue heterogeneity, and detection of rare events open up new ways for quantitatively analyzing tissue sections, organoid cultures or large numbers of adherent cells.
Extensive spindling in medullary thyroid carcinoma posing a diagnostic challenge: A case report
Authors: Saini Tarunpreet , Kundu Reetu , Bhujade Harish 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMedullary thyroid carcinoma is a neuroendocrine tumor derived from parafollicular or ‘C’ cells with sporadic and familial forms. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a quick way to establish the diagnosis. Sometimes a usual tumor may show prominent spindling on cytomorphology due to sampling issues, which poses a diagnostic challenge. When encountering spindled tumor cells on cytology smears from the thyroid, differential diagnoses encompass many benign and malignant lesions. We present cytological findings of the usual type of medullary thyroid carcinoma showing extensive spindling on cytology smears, which was a diagnostic dilemma. An accurate diagnosis was reached with the judicious use of immunocytochemistry on the cell block. We also discuss the available literature, differential diagnoses, and how to troubleshoot.
Do experimentalpHincreases alter the structure and function of a lowland tropical stream?
Authors: Marzolf Nicholas S. , Baca Dominic M. , Bruce Terrius K. , Vega‐Gómez Mariely , Watson Christopher D. , Ganong Carissa N. , Ramírez Alonso , Pringle Catherine M. , Ardón Marcelo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDisturbances can alter the structure and function of ecosystems. In stream ecosystems, changes in discharge and physicochemistry at short, intermediate, and long recurrence intervals can affect food webs and ecosystem processes. In this paper, we compare pH regimes in streams at La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica, where episodic acidification frequency across the stream network varies widely due to buffering from inputs of bicarbonate‐rich interbasin groundwater. To examine the effects of acidification on ecosystem structure and function, we experimentally increased the buffering capacity of a headwater stream reach and compared it to an unbuffered upstream reach. We compared these reaches to a naturally buffered and unbuffered reaches of a second headwater stream. We quantified ecosystem structural (macroinvertebrate assemblages on leaf litter and coarse woody debris) and functional responses (leaf litter and coarse woody debris decomposition rates, and growth rates of a focal insect taxon [Diptera: Chironomidae]). Non‐metric multidimensional scaling and analysis of similarity revealed that macroinvertebrate assemblages were relatively homogenous across the four study reaches, although the naturally buffered reach was the most dissimilar. Ecosystem function, as measured by chironomid growth rates, was greater in the naturally buffered reach, while decomposition rates did not differ across the four reaches. Our results indicate that biological assemblages are adapted to pH regimes of frequently acidified stream reaches. Our experiment informs the effects on structure and function at short time scales in streams that experience moderate acidification, but larger magnitude acidification events in response to hydroclimatic change, as projected under climate change scenarios, may induce stronger responses in streams.
Comparative analysis of zooplankton diversity in freshwaters: What can we gain from metagenomic analysis?
Authors: Monchamp Marie‐Ève , Walsh David A. , Garner Rebecca E. , Kraemer Susanne A. , Beisner Beatrix E. , Cristescu Melania E. , Gregory‐Eaves Irene 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMolecular genetic approaches applied to environmental DNA have great potential for biodiversity research and ecosystem monitoring. A metagenome is produced via shotgun sequencing of DNA collected directly from the environment and represents a sample of genetic information from all organisms captured in an environmental sample. Metagenomes have been primarily used to study bacteria and archaea, but promising reports focusing on metazoan diversity are emerging. However, methodological uncertainties remain, and studies are required to validate the power and the limitations of such an approach when applied to macro‐eukaryotes. Here, we analyzed water sample metagenomes to estimate zooplankton diversity in 22 freshwater lakes across eastern Canada. We tested the coherence of data based on field samples collected at the same time: 1) morphologically identified zooplankton specimens and 2) molecular genetic data derived from shotgun sequencing of environmental DNA for which we applied two different bioinformatic workflows: a whole metagenome mapping approach and a small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene prediction approach. We further evaluated diversity trends emerging from each dataset in relation to major environmental gradients. We found a significant correlation between the relative abundance of zooplankton families identified based on SSU rRNA gene prediction and morphology. However, differences in congruence between metagenomes and morphological identifications were detected when varied bioinformatic approaches were applied to the presence–absence data. This study presents one of the first diversity assessments of a group of aquatic metazoans using metagenomes and validates the coherence of the community composition derived from genomic and classical species surveys. Overall, our results suggest that metagenomics has the potential to be further developed to describe metazoan biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems, and to advance this area we provide key recommendations for workflow improvement.
Energy analysis of an inerter‐enhanced floating floor structure (In‐FFS) under seismic loads
Authors: Ma Haomin , Cheng Zhibao , Jia Gaofeng , Shi Zhifei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo improve the seismic responses of the traditional floating floor structure (FFS), an inerter‐enhanced FFS, namely the In‐FFS, was recently proposed by the authors. The multifold improvements offered by the In‐FFS compared to the FFS have been investigated based on the seismic responses analysis. In this work, the superior performances of the In‐FFS are investigated and demonstrated based on the energy analysis method. It is found that, thanks to the dynamic equivalent mass effect of the inerter, the input energy of the entire system under seismic inputs is suppressed. Compared with the conventional frame structure (FS), the maximum mechanical energy of the primary structure is reduced by around 75% and 80% for the FFS and In‐FFS, respectively. As a result, dynamic responses of the primary structure are greatly mitigated. More importantly, the inerter attachment can effectively suppress the maximum kinetic energy of the FFSs (e.g., by more than 50%). The relative displacements between the floating floor slabs and the primary structure are reduced by more than a half. The energy dissipation capacity of the inerter attachment is much better (about two times) than that of the traditional isolator with the same damper. Compared to its two degenerated models, the proposed inerter attachment can suppress both the maximum mechanical energy of the primary structure and the maximum kinetic energy of the floating floor slab at the same time. Overall, the proposed In‐FFS outperforms the traditional FFS. It enhances the multifold advantages of the FFS (i.e., the small interstory drift responses of the primary structure and the limited absolute acceleration response of the floating floor slab); meanwhile, it also eliminates a main disadvantage of the FFS (i.e., the large relative displacement between the floated floor slabs and the primary structure).
Evaluating macro‐ and micronutrients and food groups intake with the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease: Is there any association?
Authors: Farsi Farnaz , Tahvilian Negin , Heydarian Azadeh , Karimi Sara , Ebrahimi Sara , Ebrahimi‐Daryani Nasser , Tabataba‐Vakili Sanam , Heshmati Javad , Mokhtare Marjan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGrowing clinical evidence represented that certain dietary components are involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) development and progression. This research, therefore, aimed to evaluate whether there exists any relationship between nutrients and IBD. This case–control study from 2017 to 2019 was performed on 145 newly diagnosed IBD patients and 145 BMI‐, sex‐, and age‐matched healthy controls who were recruited from a hospital clinic. A validated 168‐item food frequency questionnaire was completed by each participant. Anthropometric measurements and physical activity levels were measured for all participants. Stata software was used to analyze all data. Of the 234 study individuals who participated, 112 were IBD patients and 122 were healthy people. The higher amount of seafood and cholesterol was related to an increased risk of IBD and ulcerative colitis development; however, individuals who had a higher intake of calcium were less likely to have Crohn's compared to the healthy group. There was a positive relation between honey and jam, seafood, organ meats, salt, fruits on trees, fruit juice, olives, and nuts and the probability of IBD, but there was a negative association between refined grains, potatoes, salty snacks, legumes, dairy, and cruciferous and the probability of IBD. Higher consumption of seafood and cholesterol was positively connected with a higher risk of IBD development in the current case–control study. A substantial association was seen between honey and jam, seafood, organmeats, salt, fruit on trees, fruit juice, olives, and nut consumption and IBD developement.
Incorporating local health education priorities in HealthLAB: Learnings from very remote Australia
Authors: Clifford Sarah , Smith‐Vaughan Heidi , Brown Louise , Walters Niamah , Hoosan Whitney , Boyd Nicole 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIssue addressedIt is well‐established that health education and promotion programs work best when they have been tailored to meet local contextual needs. In this brief report we describe a health education program and how it identified and incorporated local priorities into its delivery in two remote Aboriginal communities in the “Top End” of the Northern Territory.MethodsDuring the first visit to each community team members met with local stakeholders and ran an inaugural HealthLAB session. Fieldnotes were taken during or directly after each interaction. At the end of each day team members debriefed regarding their fieldnotes. After both trips had been completed, priority areas were extracted from fieldnotes and synthesised.ResultsAlthough some health priorities were congruent across all groups, Community Members and Childcare staff tended to identify practical solutions while School and Clinic staff were focused on the clinical outcome. Community Members were particularly focused on the wider social and systemic factors impacting health.ConclusionIn response to the need for practical support, HealthLAB modified their health education packages to upskill mothers and sports coaches to provide brief health education sessions to local children and young people.So what?It is recognised that many health promotion programs focus on individual behaviours without creating supportive environments. While it was out of scope for HealthLAB to address physical environmental factors, by building local capacity and knowledge to deliver health education, the program can contribute to a healthier and supportive social environment.
The effect of spatial–temporal characteristics of rainfall on urban inundation processes
Authors: Chen Guangzhao , Hou Jingming , Wang Tian , Lv Jiahao , Jing Jing , Ma Xin , Yang Shaoxiong , Deng Chaoxian , Ma Yue , Ji Guoqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe spatial–temporal characteristics of rainfall is one of the important elements affecting urban inundation. In this work, the effect of spatial–temporal characteristics of rainfall on urban inundation processes was investigated. To solve the problem that it is difficult to acquire the spatial–temporal characteristics of rainfall, the weather generator model was used to generate rainfall data in accordance with the climatic conditions of the study area. Then, precise rainfall data with 1 km2 spatial resolution and 5 min temporal resolution were obtained through the downscaling method. Finally, the GAST hydrodynamic model was used to simulate the urban inundation processes under different rainfall scenarios. The simulated results show that the inundation area and the inundation water volume increase with the rainfall spatial–temporal heterogeneity, and the inundation peak time lags behind. The impact of rainfall spatial–temporal heterogeneity on inundation weakens as the rainfall return period prolongs. When the rainfall spatial heterogeneity increases, the high‐risk inundation area enlarges, while the low‐risk inundation area shrinks. The temporal distribution of rainfall exerts the greatest impact on the inundation peak time. The research results can help researchers understand the key effects of the spatial–temporal characteristics of rainfall on urban inundation, and obtain relatively reliable simulated inundation results even without detailed information of the spatial–temporal characteristics of rainfall.
Associations between parental and adolescent alcohol use: The role of gender and familism support
Authors: Espinosa‐Hernandez Graciela , Noel Nora E. , Vasilenko Sara A. , McCrimmon Jordyn , Moran Angel Hernandez 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis study examined the role of gender and familism support in the associations between parental and adolescent drinking behaviors in a sample of Mexican adolescents.MethodMexican adolescents (49% girls; N = 724) aged 12–19 completed measures assessing familism support, self‐reported drinking behaviors, and perceptions of parental drinking behaviors.Results and ConclusionFindings suggest that both gender and familism support moderate the relationship between parental drinking behaviors and adolescent drinking behaviors. For instance, the association between mothers' alcohol use frequency and adolescent binge drinking was stronger for girls. In contrast, the association between fathers' amount per drinking day and adolescent binge drinking was stronger for boys. Mother's amount per drinking day was associated with less alcohol use per drinking day among adolescents reporting high familism support. The current study expands our understanding of parental modeling on Mexican adolescent drinking behavior.
Association of Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone Status With the Aging-Related Decline of Bone Microarchitecture in Older Men: The Prospective Structure of Aging Men's Bones (STRAMBO) Study
Authors: Bobillier Audrey , Wagner Philippe , Whittier Danielle E. , Ecochard René , Boyd Steven K. , Chapurlat Roland , Szulc Pawel 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Poor vitamin D status and high parathyroid hormone (PTH) level are associated with impaired bone microarchitecture, but these data are mainly cross-sectional. We studied the association of the baseline PTH and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25OHD) levels with the prospectively assessed deterioration of bone microarchitecture and in estimated bone strength in older men. Distal radius and tibia bone microarchitecture was assessed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) at baseline, then after 4 and 8 years in 826 men aged 60–87 years. At distal radius, total bone mineral density (Tt.BMD), cortical thickness (Ct.Thd), cortical area (Ct.Ar), cortical BMD (Ct.BMD), and trabecular BMD (Tb.BMD) decreased, whereas trabecular area (Tb.Ar) increased more rapidly in men with 25OHD ≤20 ng/mL versus the reference group (&gt;30 ng/mL). Men with 25OHD ≤10 ng/mL had faster decrease in reaction force and failure load than men with 25OHD &gt;30 ng/mL. At the distal tibia, Tt.BMD, Ct.Thd, Ct.Ar, Ct.BMD, failure load, and reaction force decreased, whereas Tb.Ar increased more rapidly in men with 25OHD between 10 and 20 ng/mL versus the reference group. The results were similar when 12 ng/mL was used as a threshold of severe vitamin D deficiency. At distal radius, men with PTH levels above the median (&gt;44 pg/mL) had more rapid decrease in Tt.BMD, Ct.Ar, Ct.BMD, Ct.Thd, reaction force, and failure load, and more rapid increase in Tb.Ar versus the lowest quartile (≤34 pg/mL). At the distal tibia, men in the highest PTH quartile had faster decrease in Tt.BMD, Ct.Thd, Ct.Ar, Ct.BMD, reaction force, and failure load and faster increase in Tb.Ar versus the lowest quartile. The results were similar in men with glomerular filtration rate &gt;60 mL/min. The results were similar in men who took no vitamin D or calcium supplements for 8 years. In summary, vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism are associated with more rapid prospectively assessed cortical and trabecular bone decline in older men. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
The metabolic analysis in human aortic tissues of aortic dissection
Authors: Zhang Kefeng , Pan Xudong , Zheng Jun , Liu Yongmin , Sun Lizhong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe metabolic profile of human aortic tissues is of great importance. Among the analytical platforms utilized in metabolomics, LC‐MS provides broad metabolome coverage. The non‐targeted metabolomics can comprehensively detect the entire metabolome of an organism and find the metabolic characteristics that have significant changes in the experimental group and the control group and elucidate the metabolic pathway concerning the recognized metabolites. Employing non‐targeted metabolomics is helpful to develop biomarkers for disease diagnosis and disease pathology research; for instance, Aortic aneurysm (AA) and Aortic dissection (AD).AimThis study sought to describe the non‐targeted analysis of 18 aortic tissue samples, comparing between AA and AD.Material & MethodsOur experimental flow included dividing the samples into (AA, nine samples) and (AD, nine samples), SCIEX quadrupole timeofflight tandem mass spectrometer (TripleTOF) 6600+ mass spectrometer data refinement, MetDNA database analysis, and pathway analysis. We performed an initial validation by setting quality control parameters to evaluate the stability of the analysis system during the computer operation. We then used the repeatability of the control samples to examine the stability of the instrument during the entire analysis process to ensure the reliability of the results.ResultsOur study found 138 novel metabolites involved in galactose metabolism.Discussion138 novel metabolites found in this study will be further studied in the future.ConclusionOur study found 138 novel metabolites between AA and AD, which will provide viable clinical data for future studies aimed to implement galactose markers in aortic tissue analysis.