bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of information sources on COVID-19 Vaccine hesitancy and resistance in Sub- Saharan Africa
Authors: Osuagwu Uchechukwu L , Mashige Khathutshelo P , Ovenseri-Ogbomo Godwin , Envuladu Esther Awazzi , Abu Emmanuel Kwasi , Miner Chundung Asabe , Timothy Chikasirimobi G , Ekpenyong Bernadine N , Langsi Raymond , Amiebenomo Onyekachukwu M , Oloruntoba Richard , Goson Piwuna Christopher , Charwe Deborah Donald , Ishaya Tanko , Agho Kingsley E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Vaccination remains the most powerful weapon against the emergence of new variants of coronavirus (COVID-19). However, false information about COVID-19 vaccines through various platforms including social media remain a major threat to global public health. The study examined the impact of information sources on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
Methods
A validated web-based questionnaire was administered in French and English to 2572 participants from sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries including Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, who were aged 18 years and over. An e-link to the survey was disseminated via emails and posted on social media platforms (Facebook and WhatsApp). The COVID-19 vaccination status (vaccinated, hesitancy and resistance) and their association with sources of information (mainstream media and social media) were assessed by conducting multinomial logistic regression analyses.
Results
The prevalence of vaccine resistance and hesitancy in SSA was higher among social media users (72.2 and 84.5%) and those that watched TV (73.0 and 79.7%), but lower among newspaper readers (42.5 and 36.7%) respectively, during the pandemic. Multivariate analysis revealed that Southern and Central African respondents were more likely rely on TV for information, women and those who smoke were more likely to rely on friends and family members for information during the pandemic. Lower education (primary education or less) was associated with lower likelihood of social media use for COVID-19 related information compared with postgraduate qualification (aOR 0.36, 95%CI 0.20, 0.62). Resistance to COVID-19 vaccination was associated with reliance families and friends (aOR 1.44, 95%CI = 1.08, 1.93), watching TV (aOR 1.54, 95%CI = 1.11, 2.14) and social media use (adjusted odds ratio aOR 2.93, 95%CI = 2.10, 4.09), which was also associated with vaccine hesitancy (aOR 1.46, 95%CI = 1.15, 1.85) among the respondents.
Conclusions
Our study showed that reliance on social media and television had the strongest impact on vaccine hesitancy. However, further research and investments are needed to improve the availability of reliable healthcare information in these channels to protect people and empower them to make appropriate choices about their health.
The Impact of Patient Engagement on Trials and Trialists in Ontario, Canada: an Interview Study With IMPACT Awardees
Authors: Nicholls Stuart G. , Fox Grace , Monfaredi Zarah , Poole Evelyn , Garritty Chantelle , Maybee Alies , Presseau Justin , Shea Beverley , Fergusson Dean A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: A key component of patient-oriented research is the engagement of patients as partners in the design and conduct of health research. While there is now national and infrastructure and networks to support the engagement of patients as partners, there remain calls for promising practices and success stories. In particular, there remains a keen interest in evaluating the impact that patient engagement has on health research studies. We aimed to investigate the impact that patient engagement had on health research conducted in Ontario, Canada.Methods: Our sampling frame was studies that were awarded funding by the Ontario SPOR SUPPORT Unit (OSSU). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 principal investigators, members of research teams, and patient partners. Interviews explored the role of patient partners, the perceived impact of the patient engagement on the study, challenges faced, and advice for other researchers considering patient engagement. Data were analysed using the thematic analysis method with transcripts coded independently by two members of the study team. All coding and subsequent theme generation were discussed until consensus was achieved.Results: There was variation in the methods used to engage patients and other stakeholders, the roles that patients and stakeholders occupied, and where they had input. Interviewees discussed two major areas of impact of patient engagement on research: impact on the study about which they were being interviewed, which tended to relate to improved relevancy of the research to the study population, and impact on themselves which led to changes in their own practice or approaches to future research. Identified challenges to patient engagement included: identifying and reaching patient advisors or patient partners, time-related challenges, and maintaining engagement over the course of the research.Conclusions: There remains a need to further build out the concept of relevancy and how it may be operationalised in practice. Further, the longer-term impacts of patient engagement on researchers and research terms remains under-explored and may reveal additional elements for evaluation. Challenges to patient engagement remain, including identifying and maintaining engagement with partners that reflect the diversity of the population of interest.
Leiomyosarcoma of Spermatic Cord: A Rare Paratesticular Neoplasm Case Report
Authors: Ahmed Farah , Aslam Asadullah , Tanveer Yusaf , Jaffry Syed 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:Primary soft tissue sarcomas contribute to only 2% of all malignancies arising from the male genitourinary tract. Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm which originates from the mesenchyme and has a characteristic smooth muscle differentiation. Usually, it presents as a painless, firm, slow growing unilateral scrotal mass. Investigations include imaging, tumour markers and histopathology. Case Presentation:A 65 year old gentleman known Diabetic and Beta-thalassemic trait was referred to Urology OPD at Letterkenny University Hospital. His presenting complaint was left groin lump which appeared one year ago and was growing larger in size gradually. According to the patient his lump was slightly painful(localized) initially, that later became painless. He did not report any testicular trauma/infection or UTI. There was no significant history of malignancies running through his family. Clinical examination revealed soft and lax abdomen, normal testes. There was a non-tender 2cm x 2cm well circumscribed, mobile, firm to cystic irrudicible left inguinoscrotal mass, appeared to be attached to the spermatic cord. Cough impulse was indiscernible. Ultrasound left groin showed 1.8 cm transverse x 1.4 cm AP x 1.9 cm sagittal) well-circumscribed ovoid nodular subcutaneous lesion present in the upper left inguinal area just lateral to the left pubic tubercle. That appeared solid with heterogeneous internal echotexture. No internal calcification. Some internal vascularity is demonstrated with colour Doppler assessment. Conclusion:Because of its rareness, LMS represents a management conundrum. There is no standard protocol for treatment. We present a case and discuss the available evidence from the literature to date to help identifying LMS of spermatic cord that’s highly unusual.
Enhanced correlation-based linking of biosynthetic gene clusters to their metabolic products through chemical class matching
Authors: Louwen Joris J. R. , Medema Marnix H. , Hooft Justin J. J. van der 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
It is well-known that the microbiome produces a myriad of specialized metabolites with diverse functions. To better predict their structures and identify their producers, integrative genome and metabolome mining is becoming increasingly popular. Metabologenomic correlation methods facilitate the linking of metabolite mass fragmentation spectra (MS/MS) to their biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) based on co-occurrence, i.e., shared absence/presence patterns of metabolites and BGCs across strains. Recently, these methods have been made more accessible through the online NPLinker framework. However, co-occurrence-based approaches usually result in too many possible links to manually validate.
Results
To automatically filter the long lists of potential BGC-metabolite links, we here matched natural product (NP) ontologies previously independently developed for genomics and metabolomics and developed NPClassScore: an empirical class matching score that we implemented in the NPLinker framework. By using it on a paired omics dataset obtained from 159 actinobacteria, we show that the number of links are reduced by on average 68% as compared to using a co-occurrence-based strategy alone. We further demonstrate that experimentally validated links in this dataset are retained and prioritised when using NPClassScore.
Conclusion
The NPClassScore expedites genome/metabolome data integration, as relevant BGC-metabolite links are prioritised, and researchers will need to consider substantially fewer proposed links. We anticipate that our addition to the NPLinker framework will aid in the discovery of novel NPs and understanding complex metabolic interactions in the microbiome.
The bovine foot skin microbiota is associated with host genotype and the development of infectious digital dermatitis lesions
Authors: Bay Veysel , Gillespie Amy , Ganda Erika K. , Evans N. J. , Carter Stuart D. , Lenzi Luca , Lucaci Anita , Haldenby Sam , Barden Matthew , Griffiths Bethany E. , Sánchez-Molano Enrique , Bicalho Rodrigo C. , Banos Georgios , Darby Alistair , Oikonomou Georgios 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Bovine Digital Dermatitis (BDD) is a prevalent infectious disease, causing painful foot skin lesions and lameness in cattle. The polymicrobial nature of this disease has led to the hypothesis that the foot skin microbiota may be associated with occurrence and progression of lesions. We describe herein the bovine foot skin microbiota using 16S rRNA gene amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing on samples from 259 dairy cows from three UK dairy farms. Results: We show differences in the foot skin microbiome profiles of clinically healthy animals that were associated with subsequent development of BDD. We also present the first co-occurrence analysis of the bovine foot skin microbiome. Taxonomical and functional differences together with alterations in ecological interactions between bacteria in the normal foot skin microbiome may predispose an animal to develop BDD lesions. Using genome-wide association and regional heritability mapping approaches, we provide first evidence for interactions between host genotype and certain members of the foot skin microbiota. We show the existence of genetic variation in the relative abundance of Treponema spp. and Peptoclostridium spp. and identify regions in the bovine genome that explain a significant proportion of this variation.Conclusions: Collectively this work shows the relevance of the bovine foot-skin microbiota to BDD. The description of host genetic control of members of the foot skin microbiota, combined with the association of the latter with BDD lesion development offer new insights into a complex relationship that can be exploited in selective breeding programmes aiming to enhance bovine foot health.
Breast self-examination as a route to early detection in a lower middle-income country: Assessing psychosocial determinants among women in Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Triana Kesuma , Ruiter Robert A. C. , Diering Merle , Ardi Rahkman , Massar Karlijn 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer has become public health concern in Indonesia. Regular breast self-examination (BSE) is considered an important first step for its early detection, especially in countries with limited healthcare access, as it is the case in Indonesia. This study aimed to confirm and assess the psychosocial determinants of intention to perform BSE and BSE performance. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 204 women aged 18–65 years in Surabaya, Indonesia. A 64-item survey was conducted, included variables from Reasoned Action Approach, and Health Belief Model, presented questions about demographics, breast cancer knowledge and behavior related to BSE. Results: Two hundred and four respondents completed the survey and were included in the study. Most women (72.5%) expressed intention to perform BSE; however, only 7.8% and 2.9% performed BSE per week and per month, respectively, in the past year. Breast cancer knowledge and attitudes towards BSE were uniquely associated with BSE performance. Perceived behavioral control (PBC) and BSE attitudes were unique correlates of intention. Perceived benefits and barriers and subjective norms were significantly associated with intention and BSE behavior in bivariate analyses. Conclusions: Breast screening education should incorporate strategies for improving attitudes towards BSE, PBC and breast cancer knowledge with perceived benefits and barriers and subjective norms as relevant targets.
Adsorption of heavy metals by Lycium barbarum branch-based adsorbents: raw, fungal modification, and biochar
Authors: Guan Jian , Hu Changwei , Zhou Jun , Huang Qingguo , Liu Jiayang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The present study reports on the adsorptive removal of heavy metals (Cr3+, Cd2+, and Cu2+) from water by a series of Lycium barbarum branch-based adsorbents: Lycium barbarum branch (denoted as LB), fungal fermented LB (FLB), LB biochar (LBB), FLB biochar (FLBB), alkaline modified LBB (ALBB), and alkaline modified FLBB (AFLBB). The six adsorbents were characterized in terms of FTIR, SEM, surface area and pore size as well as zeta potential. The adsorptive potential of these adsorbents was tested under varying conditions – pH, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature. Adsorption results were well fitted with Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) was calculated to be 6.29 mg/g for Cr3+ by FLB, 11.53 mg/g for Cd2+ by LB, and 7.27 mg/g for Cu2+ by LB. The pseudo-second-order kinetic equation better described the adsorption process. Based on the thermodynamics parameters, the adsorption of heavy metals was endothermic but not spontaneous for biochars. The experimental results offer a new way for recycling and reutilizing LB in wastewater treatment.
Valproate Induced Acute Pancreatitis - A Unique Case Report
Authors: Kapur Ajita , Chauhan Vikramaditya , Sharma Munish , Garg Gulshan Kumar 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Valproate is a widely prescribed medication for the control of seizures in
the pediatric population. It has been reported to be an important implication for drug induced pancreatitis.
A case of valproate induced acute pancreatitis operated as surgical abdomen has been reported
here.

Case Report:
A 13-year-old child presented to the emergency department with severe pain and abdominal
distension associated with vomiting and constipation for four days. The patient’s caregivers
did not disclose any medication history. Based on clinical examination and ultrasonography
that revealed mild free fluid, a provisional diagnosis of pyoperitoneum with peritonitis was made.
An emergency exploratory laparotomy was undertaken during which acute pancreatitis was diagnosed
intra-operatively. On further enquiry, the caregiver revealed the history of valproate intake
for the last six months for generalized tonic‑clonic seizures. Valproate was discontinued and there
was complete resolution of symptoms.

Conclusion:
Both clinicians, as well as caregivers of paediatric patients receiving valproate, should
be watchful regarding this possible life-threatening complication to avoid delay in diagnosis and
appropriate management.
Privacy, Data Sharing, and Data Security Policies of Women’s mHealth Apps: Scoping Review and Content Analysis
Authors: Alfawzan Najd , Christen Markus , Spitale Giovanni , Biller-Andorno Nikola 
Published: February 2022

Background
Women’s mobile health (mHealth) is a growing phenomenon in the mobile app global market. An increasing number of women worldwide use apps geared to female audiences (female technology). Given the often private and sensitive nature of the data collected by such apps, an ethical assessment from the perspective of data privacy, sharing, and security policies is warranted.

Objective
The purpose of this scoping review and content analysis was to assess the privacy policies, data sharing, and security policies of women’s mHealth apps on the current international market (the App Store on the Apple operating system [iOS] and Google Play on the Android system).

Methods
We reviewed the 23 most popular women’s mHealth apps on the market by focusing on publicly available apps on the App Store and Google Play. The 23 downloaded apps were assessed manually by 2 independent reviewers against a variety of user data privacy, data sharing, and security assessment criteria.

Results
All 23 apps collected personal health-related data. All apps allowed behavioral tracking, and 61% (14/23) of the apps allowed location tracking. Of the 23 apps, only 16 (70%) displayed a privacy policy, 12 (52%) requested consent from users, and 1 (4%) had a pseudoconsent. In addition, 13% (3/23) of the apps collected data before obtaining consent. Most apps (20/23, 87%) shared user data with third parties, and data sharing information could not be obtained for the 13% (3/23) remaining apps. Of the 23 apps, only 13 (57%) provided users with information on data security.

Conclusions
Many of the most popular women’s mHealth apps on the market have poor data privacy, sharing, and security standards. Although regulations exist, such as the European Union General Data Protection Regulation, current practices do not follow them. The failure of the assessed women’s mHealth apps to meet basic data privacy, sharing, and security standards is not ethically or legally acceptable.
Pattern of Comorbidities and the Impact on Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19 in Babel Governorate, Iraq, in 2020
Authors: Hussein Alaa , Lami Faris 
Published: February 2022

Background
Comorbidities pose a major clinical challenge to the care and treatment of patients with COVID-19.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of common comorbidities on the severity, outcome, and length of stay in the hospital for patients with COVID-19 in Babel Governorate, Iraq, in 2020.

Methods
All laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the 2 COVID-19 hospitals in Babel Governorate from March through September 2020 were included. We developed a form to document sociodemographic data, clinical presentation, severity, comorbidities, length of hospital stay, and outcomes.

Results
A total of 2574 patients were included; 1581 (61.4%) were men. The mean age was 48.7 (SD 16.4) years. There were 1212 (47.1%) severe cases and 489 (19%) critical cases. There were 1543 (59.9%) patients with no comorbidity, 536 (20.9%) patients with 1 comorbidity, and 495 (19.2%) patients with 2 or more comorbidities. The most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (643/1599, 25%), followed by hypertension (598/1599, 23.4%). The proportion of severe or critical cases among the patients with comorbidities was 84% (865/1031) compared to 54.1% (836/1543) among the patients with no comorbidity (P<.001). About 12% (125/1031) of patients with comorbidities had a mean hospitalization time >2 weeks compared to the 8% (123/1543) of patients with no comorbidity (P<.001). The case-fatality ratio was 26.4% (272/1031) in patients with comorbidities compared to 10.6% (163/1543) in patients with no comorbidity (P<.001).

Conclusions
Comorbidity is a significant predictor of serious hospital course and fatal outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Patients with comorbidities must be vigilant with preventive measures and should be prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination.
CONSENSO COLOMBIANO DE EXPERTOS SOBRE RECOMENDACIONES BASADAS EN EVIDENCIA PARA EL DIAGNÓSTICO, TRATAMIENTO Y SEGUIMIENTO DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE FABRY CON COMPROMISO RENAL
Authors: Barros  Camargo Luis Ramón , Jiménez Sandra  Juliana , Roncallo del Portillo Angelica De jesus , López Espinosa Francisco Javier , Conde Manotas Juan Carlos , Martínez Theo , Lopera Vargas John Mauricio , Garzón Manuel , Chacón Acevedo Kelly Rocío , Politei Juan , Jaurretche Sebastián , Olivares Algarin Orlando , López Garcés José Gabriel , Ferrari Gustavo María , Ibarra Javier 
Published: February 2022

RESUMEN
Introducción: La enfermedad de Fabry, se comporta como una enfermedad crónica, con compromiso multisistémico y alto costo en salud.
Objetivo: Generar recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia para el diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de la enfermedad de Anderson Fabry con compromiso renal, mediante un consenso de expertos.
Metodología: A partir de la búsqueda de evidencia en Pubmed, Embase y Google Scholar entre 2010 y agosto de 2020, se formulan recomendaciones sobre la definición, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la Enfermedad de Fabry en población adulta, las cuales se consultan a un panel experto a través de la metodología de consenso Delphi modificado. La calidad de los documentos se evalúo por equipo metodológico aplicando herramientas en función del tipo de documento incluido.
Resultados: Se formularon 53 recomendaciones sobre la definición, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Un panel de cinco expertos clínicos nacionales e internacionales externos al grupo desarrollador participaron en la consulta pre-consenso y 50 recomendaciones fueron acordadas para su inclusión. Para 3 recomendaciones se requirió una sesión formal de consenso que se dio en 1 ronda, incorporando 3 nuevas recomendaciones.
Conclusión: Las recomendaciones basadas en evidencia y experticia clínica, permitirán orientar de manera estandarizada nivel nacional y regional, el diagnóstico y tratamiento de pacientes con sospecha o enfermedad de Fabry con compromiso renal.
Palabras clave (DeCS): Enfermedad de Fabry, Diagnóstico, Terapia de Reemplazo Enzimático, Glicoesfingolípidos, Conferencia de Consenso
Brian Street - Thinking Through Practice And Working With Theory
Authors: Coffey Simon , Costley Tracey , Isham Lynne , Leung Constant 
Published: February 2022

Brian Street joined King’s College London as Professor of Language Education in 1996. For the best part of twenty years Brian was an enthusiastic and tireless colleague and teacher in the School of Education, Communication and Society. Already a well-established scholar, he continued to develop and extend his ideas in language and literacy theory and practice throughout his time at King’s. He drew on his intellectual grounding in cultural anthropology and literary studies in highly productive and imaginative ways when working with theoretical and educational matters (see Castenheira and Bloome, 2021 for an informed account of his intellectual trajectories). His own professional conduct was infused with a strong commitment to social justice and widening participation in public education. As colleagues and students we have had the privilege and benefits of working with Brian. In this symposium article, we put together three accounts that provide glimpses of Brian’s ways of living and working as an intellectual activist.