bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development technique of xenon composite over-wrap pressure vessel for electric propulsion system
Authors: Ma Tianju , Yu Bin , Zhao Jipeng , Gu Sendong , Yang Wenbo , Ouyang Ruijie , Gu Shanshan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The quality, reliability and safety of composite over-wrap pressure vessel (COPV) are strongly depended on manufacture process technology level in terms of discreteness of composite structure and winding process. In fact, the present qualification testing, acceptance testing and non-destructive evaluation techniques only can indirectly proof the quality of COPV, and do not presently adequately verify COPV reliability and safety characteristics. It is necessary to analyse various requirements of COPV manufacture process and corresponding influencing factors. There are 24 COPV development requirements which are specified in the ANSI/AIAA S-081A (S-081A) standard. According to the development requirements, the corresponding structure design, manufacture process and quality test solutions are formulated after comprehensive analysis and discussion. This paper introduced the manufacture process variables that affect the quality, reliability and safety of COPV. The COPV, which will be used to electric propulsion system of space system, were developed successfully by the optimized manufacture process technology. The impact-damage protection plan is illustrated in terms of the whole life cycle of COPV, including fabrication, test, transportation, storage and full stage.
Research on the method of negative acceleration flight test based on simulation
Authors: Jin Rong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Negative acceleration flight test is an important part of civil airplane to obtain airworthiness certification. According to civil aviation regulations, engine, APU, fuel, power supply and other systems need to be verified by flight test. In this paper, the factors affecting negative acceleration flight are evaluated by simulation method, such as gross weight (GW), center of gravity (CG), pitch attitude, calibrated airspeed, and stick travel. Relationship between flight path angle (FPA) rate and the calibrated airspeed is formed by approximate calculation. The duration of each negative acceleration flight is suggested to be a minimum of 7 seconds. In order to maximize the time to maintain the negative overload state, a more effective flight test method is proposed.
Design of vehicular flight test simulation platform for a civil airplane
Authors: Jin Rong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
During the flight test process of newly developed civil airplane, flight tests are often carried out at several typical airports according to different tasks such as high humidity, high temperature and low temperature tests. Using a vehicular flight test simulator to support flight test task not only can address the needs of multi-regional flight test tasks, but also can provide effective support for ensuring flight test safety and improving flight test efficiency. Aiming at the vehicular flight test simulation platform, an extendable vehicle platform is designed to make it has enough inner space to build the flight test simulator. Moreover, according to the uniqueness of the vehicular platform, the visual subsystem and simulation cockpit subsystem are optimal designed. Based on the details above, the overall design of the platform is formed.
An analytical sensitivity theory-based optimization method for composite structures with large-scale variables
Authors: Luo Lilong , Guo Wenjie , Nie Xiaohua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This research focusses on large-scale variable optimization techniques for commercial composite wing structures. To achieve a more complete set of results, the layer thickness for composite layers with the same material and ply direction, are set as a design variable in this study. An analytical approach was utilized to deal with the sensitivity analysis so as to study the relationship between displacement, stress and strain constraints. In order to improve the applicability and user-friendliness, the procedure of sensitivity analysis has been programmed within Fortran and integrated into a Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) software named HAJIF. To compare the consistency and efficiency, the analytical sensitivity calculation method, along with the finite difference method and a semi-analytical method, were employed to optimise a composite aircraft wing structure. The analytical method was found to have the best consistency and efficiency amongst the three optimization methods. With the aid of HAJIF, the wing was optimized with a weight loss ratio of 8.9%. The total optimization time was is 56 times quicker than the finite difference method and semi-analytical method.
Detection of correlated fission fragments with a twin Frisch-grid ionization chamber
Authors: Chen Hongfei , Sun XiaoJun , Zheng Pu , Xiao Jun , Zhu Tonghua , Sun Junjie , Zhu Jianyu , Cao Yu , Yan Jie , Li Zhenghong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Twin Frisch-grid ionization chambers (TFGICs) have been
widely used in the measurement of total kinetic energy (TKE),
angular distribution, mass, and charge of the correlated fission
fragments. To study these correlated fission parameters, we have
developed a TFGIC with a digital acquisition system for use at both
the Chinese Mianyang research reactor (CMRR) and neutron science
facility in the Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry (INPC),
as well as the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). The
distribution of the electric field was investigated with Garfield
toolkit, the results showed that the ratio of the electric field of
the collect region to the drift region (Ec
/Ed
) must be
greater than a critical value Z (1.78). An individual experiment,
carried out with a compound alpha source (241Am and
243Am), was used to validate the preliminary performance of
this detector. The effects of the electric field on the anode pulse
height agreed well with the simulation results. Furthermore, the
results also indicated that the energy resolution of (68.40 ±
1.07) keV at 5.39 MeV (243Am) and (69.67 ± 1.09) keV at
5.49 MeV (241Am) could be achieved. An initial in-beam fission
experiment of 235U reaction with 14 MeV neutrons was also
performed to test the setup, and the results showed that the
reconstructed emission angle could achieve a resolution of 0.221
± 0.002 on the difference of the cosines determined from both
halves of TFGIC. The present work primarily reported the development
of a TFGIC with a digital acquisition system in INPC.
Advantages of using larger-diameter pinhole collimator for prompt X-ray imaging during irradiation with carbon ions
Authors: Yamamoto Seiichi , Yabe Takuya , Akagi Takashi , Yamaguchi Mitsutaka , Kawachi Naoki , Kamada Kei , Yoshikawa Akira , Kataoka Jun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Prompt secondary electron bremsstrahlung X-ray (prompt
X-ray) imaging using a low-energy X-ray camera is a promising method
for observing a beam shape from outside the subject. However, the
images measured within short times suffer from statistical
noise. Consequently, we performed prompt X-ray imaging with higher
sensitivity using a larger-diameter pinhole collimator and compared
the results with those of a conventional collimator. Prompt X-ray
imaging was conducted during irradiation with pencil beams of
241.5-MeV/n carbon ions to a water phantom. A newly developed X-ray
camera with a 4-mm diameter as well as conventional 1.5-mm-diameter
pinhole collimators was used for the imaging in list mode, and we
compared the prompt X-ray images, energy spectra, and time count
rate curves between 1.5-mm-diameter and 4-mm-diameter pinhole
collimators. The prompt X-ray images taken with the 4-mm-diameter
pinhole collimators had ∼7 times higher sensitivity with 70 %
lower offset fractions originating from the prompt gamma
photons. Furthermore, the ranges were more precisely estimated with
the 4-mm collimator than with the 1.5-mm collimator. The energy
spectra showed less contamination by tungsten-characteristic X-rays
for the 4-mm pinhole collimator. Even for images measured with 0.1-s
intervals, the beam shapes and time count rate curves could be
obtained with less statistical noise using the 4-mm-diameter pinhole
collimators. The use of the 4-mm-diameter pinhole collimator
attached to the X-ray camera had advantages for prompt X-ray imaging
with high sensitivity and low background, enabling us to image the
beams even with short-time measurements.
Converting tropical forests to agriculture increases fire risk by fourfold
Authors: Trancoso Ralph , Syktus Jozef , Salazar Alvaro , Thatcher Marcus , Toombs Nathan , Wong Kenneth Koon-Ho , Meijaard Erik , Sheil Douglas , McAlpine Clive A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Deforestation exacerbates climate change through greenhouse gas emissions, but other climatic alterations linked to the local biophysical changes from deforestation remain poorly understood. Here, we assess the impact of tropical deforestation on fire weather risk—defined as the climate conditions conducive to wildfires—using high-resolution convection-permitting climate simulations. We consider two land cover scenarios for the island of Borneo: land cover in 1980 (forest scenario) and land cover in 2050 (deforestation scenario) to force a convection-permitting climate model, using boundary conditions from ERA-Interim reanalysis for the 2002–2016 period. Our findings revealed significant alterations in post-deforestation fire precursors such as increased temperature, wind speed and potential evapotranspiration and decreased humidity, cloud cover and precipitation. As a result, fire weather events that would occur once a year in the forested scenario, are likely to occur four times a year following deforestation. Likewise, for extreme conditions, such as those occurring on longer time-horizons than 20 years, the magnitude of extreme fire weather is likely to double following deforestation. These increases in extreme fire weather conditions demonstrate the key role of tropical forests in regulating regional climate processes, including reduced fire weather risk.
Nineteen vortex equations and integrability
Authors: Gudnason Sven Bjarke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The class of five integrable vortex equations discussed recently by Manton is extended so it includes the relativistic BPS Chern–Simons vortices, yielding a total of nineteen vortex equations. Not all the nineteen vortex equations are integrable, but four new integrable equations are discovered and we generalize them to infinitely many sets of four integrable vortex equations, with each set denoted by its integer order n. Their integrability is similar to the known cases, but give rise to different (generalized) Baptista geometries, where the Baptista metric is a conformal rescaling of the background metric by the Higgs field. In particular, the Baptista manifolds have conical singularities. Where the Jackiw–Pi, Taubes, Popov and Ambjørn–Olesen vortices have conical deficits of 2π at each vortex zero in their Baptista manifolds, the higher-order generalizations of these equations are also integrable with larger constant curvatures and a 2πn conical deficit at each vortex zero. We then generalize a superposition law, known for Taubes vortices of how to add vortices to a known solution, to all the integrable vortex equations. We find that although the Taubes and the Popov equations relate to themselves, the Ambjørn–Olesen and Jackiw–Pi vortices are added by using the Baptista metric and the Popov equation. Finally, we find many further relations between vortex equations, e.g. we find that the Chern–Simons vortices can be interpreted as Taubes vortices on the Baptista manifold of their own solution.
Laser-assisted growth of hierarchically architectured 2D MoS2 crystals on metal substrate for potential energy applications
Authors: Fathi-Hafshejani Parvin , Orangi Jafar , Beidaghi Majid , Mahjouri-Samani Masoud 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Recently, there has been substantial interest in the large-scale synthesis of hierarchically architectured transition metal dichalcogenides and designing electrodes for energy conversion and storage applications such as electrocatalysis, rechargeable batteries, and supercapacitors. Here we report a novel hybrid laser-assisted micro/nanopatterning and sulfurization method for rapid manufacturing of hierarchically architectured molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) layers directly on molybdenum sheets. This laser surface structuring not only provides the ability to design specific micro/nanostructured patterns but also significantly enhances the crystal growth kinetics. Micro and nanoscale characterization methods are employed to study the morphological, structural, and atomistic characteristics of the formed crystals at various laser processing and crystal growth conditions. To compare the performance characteristics of the laser-structured and unstructured samples, Li-ion battery cells are fabricated and their energy storage capacity is measured. The hierarchically architectured MoS2 crystals show higher performance with specific capacities of about 10 mAh cm−2, at a current rate of 0.1 mA cm−2. This rapid laser patterning and growth of 2D materials directly on conductive sheets may enable the future large-scale and roll-to-roll manufacturing of energy and sensing devices.
Implementation and safety evaluation of autoverification for select low-risk, high-volume medications in the emergency department
Authors: Bienvenida Ana , Kroll Christian , Ruhland Dan , Steffenhagen Aaron , Patterson Brian W , Halfpap Joseph 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Use of autoverification has decreased in many emergency departments (EDs) with the expansion of emergency medicine (EM) pharmacists. Few studies have evaluated ways to prioritize verification of medications. Here we describe a process to design, implement, and measure the safety of autoverification of low-risk, high-volume medications.

Summary
A 3-month retrospective review of medications ordered and administered in the ED generated a list of medications to be considered for autoverification. Concurrently, a novel risk stratification tool was created to identify low-risk medications. Taking these together, medications that were high volume and low risk were considered potentially autoverified medications (PAMs). To evaluate the safety of PAMs, a retrospective review of the ED medication orders placed before implementation of autoverification was performed. A total of 7,433 medication orders were reviewed. Of these, 3,057 orders (41%) were identified as PAMs. EM pharmacists verified 2,982 (97.5%) of the orders without changes. Of the remaining 93 orders that were modified or discontinued and met autoverification criteria, only 2 (0.07%) were identified as potentially inappropriate for autoverification.

Conclusion
Low-risk, high-volume medications can be safely autoverified in the ED by using a systematic approach to order selection. Using these methods can provide large decreases in verification volume, close to 41%, without compromising patient safety.
Brief Report: An Evaluation of Item Bias on the Functional Activities Questionnaire
Authors: González David Andrés , Clark Michael J , Gonzales Mitzi M , Benge Jared 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate whether the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), a commonly used measure of functional status in neurodegenerative disease research, performs equivalently across demographically diverse subgroups of participants.

Method
The FAQs from 30,613 National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center participants were evaluated with a hybrid graded response model-logistic ordinal regression approach to determine the presence of differential item functioning (DIF) within five demographic groups: education, ethnicity, race, language, and sex.

Results
Measurable DIF was observed for FAQ items in all groups; however, measures of effect size, latent trait distributions, and item characteristic curves suggested that the impact was minimal for research and practice.

Conclusions
The FAQ is able to provide minimally biased assessments of daily functioning across diverse participants, suggesting potential value for offsetting disparities in diagnosis and treatment.
CCPLS reveals cell-type-specific spatial dependence of transcriptomes in single cells
Authors: Tsuchiya Takaho , Hori Hiroki , Ozaki Haruka 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMotivationCell–cell communications regulate internal cellular states, e.g. gene expression and cell functions, and play pivotal roles in normal development and disease states. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing methods have revealed cell-to-cell expression variability of highly variable genes (HVGs), which is also crucial. Nevertheless, the regulation of cell-to-cell expression variability of HVGs via cell–cell communications is still largely unexplored. The recent advent of spatial transcriptome methods has linked gene expression profiles to the spatial context of single cells, which has provided opportunities to reveal those regulations. The existing computational methods extract genes with expression levels influenced by neighboring cell types. However, limitations remain in the quantitativeness and interpretability: they neither focus on HVGs nor consider the effects of multiple neighboring cell types.ResultsHere, we propose CCPLS (Cell–Cell communications analysis by Partial Least Square regression modeling), which is a statistical framework for identifying cell–cell communications as the effects of multiple neighboring cell types on cell-to-cell expression variability of HVGs, based on the spatial transcriptome data. For each cell type, CCPLS performs PLS regression modeling and reports coefficients as the quantitative index of the cell–cell communications. Evaluation using simulated data showed our method accurately estimated the effects of multiple neighboring cell types on HVGs. Furthermore, applications to the two real datasets demonstrate that CCPLS can extract biologically interpretable insights from the inferred cell–cell communications.Availability and implementationThe R package is available at https://github.com/bioinfo-tsukuba/CCPLS. The data are available at https://github.com/bioinfo-tsukuba/CCPLS_paper.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A scalable and unbiased discordance metric with H+
Authors: Dyjack Nathan , Baker Daniel N , Braverman Vladimir , Langmead Ben , Hicks Stephanie C 
Published: September 2022

Summary
A standard unsupervised analysis is to cluster observations into discrete groups using a dissimilarity measure, such as Euclidean distance. If there does not exist a ground-truth label for each observation necessary for external validity metrics, then internal validity metrics, such as the tightness or separation of the clusters, are often used. However, the interpretation of these internal metrics can be problematic when using different dissimilarity measures as they have different magnitudes and ranges of values that they span. To address this problem, previous work introduced the “scale-agnostic” $G_{+}$ discordance metric; however, this internal metric is slow to calculate for large data. Furthermore, in the setting of unsupervised clustering with $k$ groups, we show that $G_{+}$ varies as a function of the proportion of observations assigned to each of the groups (or clusters), referred to as the group balance, which is an undesirable property. To address this problem, we propose a modification of $G_{+}$, referred to as $H_{+}$, and demonstrate that $H_{+}$ does not vary as a function of group balance using a simulation study and with public single-cell RNA-sequencing data. Finally, we provide scalable approaches to estimate $H_{+}$, which are available in the $\mathtt{fasthplus}$ R package.
Brain functional connectivity mirrors genetic pleiotropy in psychiatric conditions
Authors: Moreau Clara A , Kumar Kuldeep , Harvey Annabelle , Huguet Guillaume , Urchs Sebastian G W , Schultz Laura M , Sharmarke Hanad , Jizi Khadije , Martin Charles-Olivier , Younis Nadine , Tamer Petra , Martineau Jean-Louis , Orban Pierre , Silva Ana Isabel , Hall Jeremy , van den Bree Marianne B M , Owen Michael J , Linden David E J , Lippé Sarah , Bearden Carrie E , Almasy Laura , Glahn David C , Thompson Paul M , Bourgeron Thomas , Bellec Pierre , Jacquemont Sebastien 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPleiotropy occurs when a genetic variant influences more than one trait. This is a key property of the genomic architecture of psychiatric disorders and has been observed for rare and common genomic variants. It is reasonable to hypothesize that the microscale genetic overlap (pleiotropy) across psychiatric conditions and cognitive traits may lead to similar overlaps at the macroscale brain level such as large-scale brain functional networks.We took advantage of brain connectivity, measured by resting-state functional MRI to measure the effects of pleiotropy on large-scale brain networks, a putative step from genes to behaviour. We processed nine resting-state functional MRI datasets including 32 726 individuals and computed connectome-wide profiles of seven neuropsychiatric copy-number-variants, five polygenic scores, neuroticism and fluid intelligence as well as four idiopathic psychiatric conditions.Nine out of 19 pairs of conditions and traits showed significant functional connectivity correlations (rFunctional connectivity), which could be explained by previously published levels of genomic (rGenetic) and transcriptomic (rTranscriptomic) correlations with moderate to high concordance: rGenetic—rFunctional connectivity = 0.71 [0.40–0.87] and rTranscriptomic—rFunctional connectivity = 0.83 [0.52; 0.94]. Extending this analysis to functional connectivity profiles associated with rare and common genetic risk showed that 30 out of 136 pairs of connectivity profiles were correlated above chance. These similarities between genetic risks and psychiatric disorders at the connectivity level were mainly driven by the overconnectivity of the thalamus and the somatomotor networks. Our findings suggest a substantial genetic component for shared connectivity profiles across conditions and traits, opening avenues to delineate general mechanisms—amenable to intervention—across psychiatric conditions and genetic risks.