bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A trans‐omics assessment of gene–gene interaction in early‐stage NSCLC
Authors: Chen Jiajin , Song Yunjie , Li Yi , Wei Yongyue , Shen Sipeng , Zhao Yang , You Dongfang , Su Li , Bjaanæs Maria Moksnes , Karlsson Anna , Planck Maria , Staaf Johan , Helland Åslaug , Esteller Manel , Shen Hongbing , Christiani David C. , Zhang Ruyang , Chen Feng 
Published: November 2022

Epigenome‐wide gene–gene (G × G) interactions associated with non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survival may provide insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Hence, we proposed a three‐step analytic strategy to identify significant and robust G × G interactions that are relevant to NSCLC survival. In the first step, among 49 billion pairs of DNA methylation probes, we identified 175 775 G × G interactions with PBonferroni ≤ 0.05 in the discovery phase of epigenomic analysis; among them, 15 534 were confirmed with P ≤ 0.05 in the validation phase. In the second step, we further performed a functional validation for these G × G interactions at the gene expression level by way of a two‐phase (discovery and validation) transcriptomic analysis, and confirmed 25 significant G × G interactions enriched in the 6p21.33 and 6p22.1 regions. In the third step, we identified two G × G interactions using the trans‐omics analysis, which had significant (P ≤ 0.05) epigenetic cis‐regulation of transcription and robust G × G interactions at both the epigenetic and transcriptional levels. These interactions were cg14391855 × cg23937960 (βinteraction = 0.018, P = 1.87 × 10−12), which mapped to RELA × HLA‐G (βinteraction = 0.218, P = 8.82 × 10−11) and cg08872738 × cg27077312 (βinteraction = −0.010, P = 1.16 × 10−11), which mapped to TUBA1B × TOMM40 (βinteraction =−0.250, P = 3.83 × 10−10). A trans‐omics mediation analysis revealed that 20.3% of epigenetic effects on NSCLC survival were significantly (P = 0.034) mediated through transcriptional expression. These statistically significant trans‐omics G × G interactions can also discriminate patients with high risk of mortality. In summary, we identified two G × G interactions at both the epigenetic and transcriptional levels, and our findings may provide potential clues for precision treatment of NSCLC.
Solid Phase‐Mediated Asymmetric Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroalkoxylation of Alkoxyallene
Authors: Kim Ye Ji , Lee Hyeonsu , Rhee Young Ho 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Pd‐catalyzed asymmetric addition reaction of solid phase‐supported alcohol with ene‐alkoxyallenes is reported. Combined with the subsequent metal catalysis, this reaction gave access to various monosaccharides with no need for isolation of the intermediates. Potential utility of the method in the oligosaccharide synthesis was demonstrated by the synthesis of (α)‐mannose disaccharide.magnified image
Berplatin: A Conjugate of Berberine and Cisplatin Serving as a Potent Antitumor Agent with Distinctive Tumor Cell Uptake and Minimal Side Effects
Authors: Xu Beibei , Luo Xiangjie , Xiong Jing , Shen Qianwen , Su Yongcheng , Lei Ziyu , Li Jiangquan , Lin Hongyu , Zhang Wenqing , Hong Xiaoting , Zhang Fuxing , Zhan Yanyan , Gao Jinhao , Hu Tianhui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDesign of Pt(IV) prodrugs with biologically active axial ligands is an excellent approach to overcome the disadvantages (nonspecific killing, side effects, and drug resistance) of conventional first‐line Pt(II)‐based chemotherapeutic drugs, such as cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin. The selection of ideal axial ligands is essential for the success of Pt(IV) drugs. Previously, that berberine exhibits great superiority in tumor selectivity is found with uncovered mechanisms. In this study, that berberine is specifically internalized and accumulated in tumors but not normal cells through endocytosis pathways is first disclosed. Therefore a new Pt(IV) prodrug of cisplatin bearing berberine as an axial ligand, named berplatin, is designed and synthesized. Different from cisplatin, berplatin can be effectively and selectively internalized into cancer cells, through macropinocytosis and caveolin‐1 (CAV‐1)‐dependent active endocytosis, and cleaved in intracellular reductive environments to generate cisplatin and berberine, which synergistically induces substantial DNA breaking, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in both cisplatin‐sensitive and ‐resistant cancer cells. In vivo, berplatin manifests much higher antitumor activity and undetectable side effects compared to cisplatin. This study demonstrates that berplatin can serve as a potent Pt(IV) prodrug for the treatment of cisplatin‐sensitive and ‐resistant cancers with active uptake, excellent specificity, and minimal side effects.
COVID‐19 and consumer behavior: Food stockpiling in the U.S. market
Authors: El Baba Wafaa , Fakih Ali 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe emergence of the COVID‐19 pandemic has brought radical changes in consumer spending patterns. One aspect of this change is food stockpiling detected in several countries. Using a univariate probit model, this paper relies on the COVID‐19 Impact Survey (2020) for American households to assess the likelihood of consumers stockpiling food in response to the stringent lockdown measures imposed by the government's pandemic regulations. Our findings reveal a set of significant correlations between marital status, age, race, occupation, household structure, and the propensity of stockpiling food during the pandemic. Furthermore, the results show that residents in urban areas are more likely to engage in food stockpiling compared with residents in rural and suburban areas. The paper also examines the nexus between residence areas, lockdown measures, and the probability of stockpiling food. This research reveals a significant association between psychological factors and the likelihood of stockpiling food in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic [EconLit Citations: D12, H12, I18, P25].
Enhancement of Non‐Gaussianity and Nonclassicality of Photon‐Added Displaced Fock State: A Quantitative Approach
Authors: Malpani Priya , Thapliyal Kishore , Banerji J. , Pathak Anirban 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNon‐Gaussian and nonclassical states and processes are already found to be important resources for performing various tasks related to quantum gravity and quantum information processing. Considering these facts, a quantitative analysis of the nonclassical and non‐Gaussian features is performed here for photon added displaced Fock state, as a test case, using a set of measures, namely entanglement potential, Wigner–Yanese skew information, Wigner logarithmic negativity, and relative entropy of non‐Gaussianity. It is observed that Fock parameter always increases the amount of nonclassicality and non‐Gaussianity, while photon addition is effective only for small values of the displacement parameter. Further, the nonclassical and non‐Gaussian effects decrease initially with an increase in the displacement parameter before increasing for the large displacement to saturate to the corresponding Fock state (equivalently displaced Fock state) value. Finally, dynamics of the Wigner function under the effect of photon loss channel is used to show that only highly efficient detectors are able to detect Wigner negativity.
Reshaping the 2‐Pyrone Synthase Active Site for Chemoselective Biosynthesis of Polyketides
Authors: Zhou Yu , Mirts Evan N. , Yook Sangdo , Waugh Matthew , Martini Rachel , Jin Yong‐Su , Lu Yi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEngineering enzymes with novel reactivity and applying them in metabolic pathways to produce valuable products are quite challenging due to the intrinsic complexity of metabolic networks and the need for high in vivo catalytic efficiency. Triacetic acid lactone (TAL), naturally generated by 2‐pyrone synthase (2PS), is a platform molecule that can be produced via microbial fermentation and further converted into value‐added products. However, these conversions require extra synthetic steps under harsh conditions. We herein report a biocatalytic system for direct generation of TAL derivatives under mild conditions with controlled chemoselectivity by rationally engineering the 2PS active site and then rewiring the biocatalytic pathway in the metabolic network of E. coli to produce high‐value products, such as kavalactone precursors, with yields up to 17 mg/L culture. Computer modeling indicates sterics and hydrogen‐bond interactions play key roles in tuning the selectivity, efficiency and yield.
Monomer and Excimer Emission in a Conformational and Stacking‐Adaptable Molecular System
Authors: Shan Xueru , Chi Weijie , Jiang Hengbing , Luo Zhangyuan , Qian Cheng , Wu Hongwei , Zhao Yanli 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA design strategy that combines molecular conformation, alkyl chain length, and charge‐transfer effects has been developed to obtain conformational and stacking‐adaptable donor‐acceptor‐π type molecules for precisely regulating the monomer and excimer emission in a single luminous platform under different environments. These fluorophores can exhibit bright monomer emissions when they are in the dispersed state based on their planar conformation. However, when the luminous molecules with short alkyl side chains are in the crystalline state, their molecular conformation can become distorted, further inducing strong intermolecular interactions and staggered π‐π stacking for bright excimer emission. More importantly, their dispersed and aggregated states can be reversibly regulated in a phase‐change fatty acid matrix, to achieve temperature‐responsive fluorescence for temperature monitoring and advanced information encryption.
Liquid Fluxional Ga Single Atom Catalysts for Efficient Electrochemical CO2Reduction
Authors: Zhang Zedong , Zhu Jiexin , Chen Shenghua , Sun Wenming , Wang Dingsheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrecise design and tuning of the micro‐atomic structure of single atom catalysts (SACs) can help efficiently adapt complex catalytic systems. Herein, we inventively found that when the active center of the main group element gallium (Ga) is downsized to the atomic level, whose characteristic has significant differences from conventional bulk and rigid Ga catalysts. The Ga SACs with a P, S atomic coordination environment display specific flow properties, showing CO products with FE of ≈92 % at −0.3 V vs. RHE in electrochemical CO2reduction (CO2RR). Theoretical simulations demonstrate that the adaptive dynamic transition of Ga optimizes the adsorption energy of the *COOH intermediate and renews the active sites in time, leading to excellent CO2RR selectivity and stability. This liquid single atom catalysts system with dynamic interfaces lays the foundation for future exploration of synthesis and catalysis.
Photochemical Decarbonylation of Oxetanone and Azetidinone: Spectroscopy, Computational Models, and Synthetic Applications**
Authors: Singh Manvendra , Dhote Pawan , Johnson Daniel R. , Figueroa‐Lazú Samuel , Elles Christopher G. , Boskovic Zarko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPhotoexcitation of cyclic ketones leads to the expulsion of carbon monoxide and a mixture of products derived from diradical intermediates. Here we show that synthetic utility of this process is improved if strained heterocyclic ketones are used. Photochemistry of 3‐oxetanone andN‐Boc‐3‐azetidinone has not been previously described. Decarbonylation of these 4‐membered rings proceeds through a step‐wise Norrish type I cleavage of the C−C bond from the singlet excited state. Ylides derived from both compounds are high‐energy species that are kinetically stable long enough to undergo [3+2] cycloaddition with a variety of alkenes and produce substituted tetrahydrofurans and pyrrolidines. The reaction has a sufficiently wide scope to produce scaffolds that were either previously inaccessible or difficult to synthesize, thereby providing experimental access to new chemical space.
Synthesis of alkynyl phosphite ligands and its application in the preparation of high stability one‐component heat‐curable silicone rubber
Authors: Jiang Guo , Dong Wenyong , Liao Kai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHydrosilylation reaction is one of the main ways to obtain silicone rubber vulcanized products in the industry. However, it still remains a challenge for the currently used catalyst to obtain one‐component silicone rubbers with Karstedt's catalyst. In this work, we synthesize a series of phosphite ligands by transesterification, which are further used in combination with Karstedt's catalyst to prepare one‐component silicone rubber. The structure of the ligand is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance and the vulcanization properties of silicone rubber are investigated by rotorless vulcanizer, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and rotational viscometer. It is found that the complex catalysts have low catalytic activity at ambient temperature when the ratio of P:Pt exceeds 1:1. The viscosity growth results show that the prepared silicone rubber has a storage time of more than 30 days at 25°C, and can be completely cured within 10 min at 150°C. The DSC results indicate that one of the prepared catalysts exhibited relatively strong catalytic activity only above 110.7°C. Moreover, the prepared complex catalyst can effectively avoid the production of colloidal platinum and prolong the storage stability of the catalyst.
Altered upper limb motor behavior in breast cancer survivors and its relation to pain: A narrative review
Authors: De Baets Liesbet , Vets Nieke , Emmerzaal Jill , Devoogdt Nele , De Groef An 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBreast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women and many women suffer from persistent physical and psychological complaints following their cancer treatment. Altered motor behavior at the shoulder region and upper limb, that is, alterations in movement patterns, spatiotemporal movement characteristics and muscle activation patterns, is a common physical consequence of breast cancer treatment, that can have a clear impact on daily life functioning and quality of life. Furthermore, altered upper limb motor behavior is suggested to relate to upper limb pain, which is very commonly reported in breast cancer survivors (BCS). This review, prepared according to the SANRA guidelines, looks into the current understanding of alterations in motor behavior at shoulder and upper limb in BCS, by discussing the factors related to this altered behavior. In this, we specifically focus on the relation between motor behavior and pain. Results of our search show that cancer treatment modality is predictive for shoulder range of motion. Furthermore, single prospective studies show depressive symptoms, living alone, being non‐white and low physical activity levels as predicting factors for reduced shoulder range of motion. Pain as factor related to altered motor behavior is only assessed in cross‐sectional research, limiting its interpretation in context of being cause or consequence of motor behavioral adaptations, and on the underlying mechanism explaining their relation. It is concluded that studies which explain the mechanisms how and in which subgroup of BCS motor behavioral alterations are associated with pain at the upper limb, are necessary in future.
Transcriptomic recurrence score improves recurrence prediction for surgically treated patients with intermediate‐risk clear cell kidney cancer
Authors: Patel Neal , Hakansson Alexander , Ohtake Shinji , Muraki Peter , Proudfout James A. , Liu Yang , Webber Lisa , Ibarra Arkaitz , Liu Vinnie Y. T. , Davicioni Elai , Chamie Karim , Pantuck Allan , Shuch Brian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundRisk stratification of kidney cancer patients after nephrectomy may tailor surveillance intensity and selection for adjuvant therapy. Transcriptomic approaches are effective in predicting recurrence, but whether they add value to clinicopathologic models remains unclear.MethodsData from patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Clinicopathologic variables were used to calculate SSIGN (stage, size, grade, and necrosis) scores. The 16 gene recurrence score (RS) signature was generated using RNA‐seq data. Transcriptomic risk groups were calculated using the original thresholds. SSIGN groups were divided into low, intermediate, and high risk. Disease‐free status was the primary endpoint assessed.ResultsSSIGN and RS were calculated for 428 patients with non‐metastatic ccRCC. SSIGN low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups demonstrated 2.7%, 15.2%, and 27.5%, 3‐year recurrence risk, respectively. On multivariable analysis, the RS was associated with disease‐free status (sub‐distribution hazard ratio (sHR) 1.43 per 25 RS [95% CI (1.00–1.43)], p = 0.05). By risk groups, RS further risk stratified the SSIGN intermediate‐risk group (sHR 2.22 [95% CI 1.10–4.50], p = 0.03). SSIGN intermediate‐risk patients with low and high RS had a 3‐year recurrence rate of 8.0% and 25.2%, respectively. Within this risk group, the area under the curve (AUC) at 3 years was 0.69 for SSIGN, 0.74 for RS, and 0.78 for their combination.ConclusionsTranscriptomic recurrence scores improve risk prediction even when controlling for clinicopathologic factors. Utility may be best suited for intermediate‐risk patients who have heterogeneous outcomes and further refinement for clinical utility is warranted.
Five‐year survival and clinical correlates among patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer, melanoma and renal cell carcinoma treated with immune check‐point inhibitors in Australian tertiary oncology centres
Authors: Brown Lauren J , da Silva Ines Pires , Moujaber Tania , Gao Bo , Hui Rina , Gurney Howard , Carlino Matteo , Nagrial Adnan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsThere is robust trial evidence for improved overall survival (OS) with immunotherapy in advanced solid organ malignancies. The real‐world long‐term survival data and the predictive variables are not yet known. Our aim was to evaluate factors associated with 3‐year and 5‐year OS for patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of patients who received ICIs as management of advanced solid organ malignancies in two tertiary Australian oncology centres from 2012–2017. Data pertaining to clinical characteristics, metastatic disease burden, immune‐related adverse events (IRAEs) and tumour responses were collected and their relationship to survival examined.ResultsIn this analysis of 264 patients, 202 (76.5%) had melanoma, 46 (17.4%) had non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 12 (4.5%) had renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and 4 (1.5%) had mesothelioma. The 5‐year OS rates were 42.1% in patients with melanoma, 19.6% with NSCLC, 75% with RCC, and none of the mesothelioma patients were alive at 5 years.In multivariate analysis, an ECOG score of 0 (Hazard ratio [HR] 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23–0.66; p < 0.001) and the occurrence of IRAE's of any grade (HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.37–0.95; p = 0.05) were associated with better 5‐year survival. The presence of bone metastases (HR 1.62; 95% CI 1.03–2.82; p = 0.05) and liver metastases (HR 1.76; 95% CI 1.07–2.89; p = 0.03) were associated with worse 5‐year survival.ConclusionsThese results support the long‐term benefits of immunotherapy that in some patients, extend to at least 5 years. ECOG performance status of 0 and the occurrence of irAEs are associated with better long‐term survival. Survival is significantly influenced by metastatic site and cancer type. These predictive clinical correlates aid discussions and planning in the delivery of ICIs to patients.
Reaction Pathways for the Enzymatic Degradation of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate): What Characterizes an Efficient PET‐Hydrolase?
Authors: Schubert Sune , Schaller Kay , Bååth Jenny Arnling , Hunt Cameron , Borch Kim , Jensen Kenneth , Brask Jesper , Westh Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBioprocessing of polyester waste has emerged as a promising tool in the quest for a cyclic plastic economy. One key step is the enzymatic breakdown of the polymer, and this entails a complicated pathway with substrates, intermediates, and products of variable size and solubility. We have elucidated this pathway for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and four enzymes. Specifically, we combined different kinetic measurements and a novel stochastic model and found that the ability to hydrolyze internal bonds in the polymer (endo‐lytic activity) was a key parameter for overall enzyme performance. Endo‐lytic activity promoted the release of soluble PET fragments with two or three aromatic rings, which, in turn, were broken down with remarkable efficiency (kcat/KM values of about 105 M−1s−1) in the aqueous bulk. This meant that approximatly 70 % of the final, monoaromatic products were formed via soluble di‐ or tri‐aromatic intermediates.
Gambling and crime: An exploration of gambling availability and culture in an English prison
Authors: Smith Lauren Rebecca , Sharman Steve , Roberts Amanda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is evidence that prisoners have the highest rate of problem gambling in any population, but little is known about the nature of in‐prison gambling, the motives for it or how it relates to prior gambling behaviour.AimsTo investigate the prevalence and type of gambling prior to prison and the prevalence, type, and reasons for gambling in prison.MethodsTwo hundred and eighty‐two male volunteers in a Category B male prison in England completed a questionnaire which included the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI).ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐six (45%) reported gambling in prison, with eighty‐one (30%) of participants reporting that gambling was a normal part of prison life. Pre‐prison behaviour, whether type of index offence or prior gambling, had little relationship to in‐prison gambling. Frequency of gambling in prison increased with increasing PGSI risk category. The most common types of gambling in prison were card/dice games, sports and ball games, while the most common motives were entertainment, excitement or sense of challenge and to win prizes, with significant differences in motive between PGSI risk categories. Prison canteen items formed the most common currency gambled. People within the higher PGSI risk category were more likely to have borrowed items from other prisoners.ConclusionsOur research has added to existing literature by identifying high rates of gambling in prison and showing that prisoners' perceptions of gambling are as a normal part of prison life. Findings suggest that screening and support should be available to manage gambling in prison, including support to reduce gambling‐related debt, particularly given associations between debt and violence in prison. Relief from boredom and need for excitement were among the most common reasons for gambling in prison, indicating that there is a need to provide a more appropriately stimulating prison environment.
Creating sanctuary: A programmatic approach for trauma integration in counselor education
Authors: Felter Jeanne M. , DiDonato Stephen , Johnson Nicole , Moh Yoon Suh , Richardson Angelle , Czerny Astra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMost individuals receiving mental health treatment have trauma histories, yet counselors and counselor educators trained in traditional counseling programs have insufficient background in trauma and trauma‐informed care. Here, we describe the literature‐supported approach we use to integrate trauma knowledge and competencies across the graduate clinical mental health counseling program.