bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vari-focal liquid microlens array using an electrically responsive fluid actuated by a ring array patterned electrode
Authors: Xu Miao , Liu Yating , Li Senhao , Li Jing , Zhang Lyudi , Lu Hongbo 
Published: October 2022

A transparent fluid dibutyl adipate (DBA) is suitable for fabricating the adaptive lens due to its unique deformation under a direct current (DC) electric field. In this report, a DBA liquid microlens array (LMA) with a tunable focal length is demonstrated. A hydrophobic layer deposited in the ring array patterns on the electrode induced the formation of the DBA liquid microdroplets array self-assembly. The electronegative DBA liquid tends to move to the anode at a DC voltage. The proposed DBA LMA with a diameter of 100 µm can change its focal length from 0.92 to 1.42 mm when the voltage changes from 0 to 200 V. The response time is relatively fast (

∼

790

m
s

). Due to the high optical transmittance (

∼

91

%

) and good thermal stability in the temperature range of

−

24.8

−

161.5

∘

C, our DBA LMA shows good focusing properties and has potential applications in the field of image processing, portable electronic devices, beam steering, ophthalmology, and 3D displays.
Metamaterial solar absorber based on titanium resonators for operation in the ultraviolet to near-infrared region
Authors: Ehsanikachosang Mojtaba , Karimi Kianoosh , Rezaei Mir Hamid , Pourmajd Hamidreza 
Published: October 2022

In this work, we design an ultra-broadband metamaterial solar absorber
with near-unity absorption. The absorber’s structure is optimized by
using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. A unit cell of the
absorber consists of three

T
i

/

T
i
O

2

/

T
i

square disks enclosed by a Ti square
ring resonator, all superimposed on a thin stack of

T
i
O

2

/

T
i

films. The optimized structure shows
high average absorption of 96.92% over the full wavelength range of
200–3200 nm. The over 90% absorption bandwidth is
3000 nm, which covers the ultraviolet, visible, and
near-infrared regions. The solar absorption of the structure is 95.5%
in the range of 280–3200 nm. The absorber is polarization
independent and insensitive to incident angle changes. The absorption
remains higher than 80% and 75% for TM and TE polarizations,
respectively, even under oblique incidence radiation up to 55°. The
structure possesses high thermal and chemical stability owing to the
use of Ti and

T
i
O

2

materials. Due to its outstanding
features, the absorber has high potential to be used in solar energy
harvesting, thermo-photovoltaics, and thermal emitting
applications.
Observational study of factors associated with morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 in Lebanon, 2020–2021
Authors: Nader Moni , Zmerli Omar , Platt Daniel E. , Hamdan Hamdan , Hamdash Salwa , Tayeh Rami Abi , Azar Jad , Kadi Diana , Sultan Youssef , Bazarbachi Taha , Karayakoupoglou Gilbert , Zalloua Pierre , Azar Eid 
Published: October 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic claimed millions of lives worldwide without clear signs of abating despite several mitigation efforts and vaccination campaigns. There have been tremendous interests in understanding the etiology of the disease particularly in what makes it severe and fatal in certain patients. Studies have shown that COVID-19 patients with kidney injury on admission were more likely to develop severe disease, and acute kidney disease was associated with high mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients.

Methods
This study investigated 819 COVID-19 patients admitted between January 2020-April 2021 to the COVID-19 ward at a tertiary care center in Lebanon and evaluated their vital signs and biomarkers while probing for two main outcomes: intubation and fatality. Logistic and Cox regressions were performed to investigate the association between clinical and metabolic variables and disease outcomes, mainly intubation and mortality. Times were defined in terms of admission and discharge/fatality for COVID-19, with no other exclusions.

Results
Regression analysis revealed that the following are independent risk factors for both intubation and fatality respectively: diabetes (p = 0.021 and p = 0.04), being overweight (p = 0.021 and p = 0.072), chronic kidney disease (p = 0.045 and p = 0.001), and gender (p = 0.016 and p = 0.114). Further, shortness of breath (p<0.001), age (p<0.001) and being overweight (p = 0.014) associated with intubation, while fatality with shortness of breath (p<0.001) in our group of patients. Elevated level of serum creatinine was the highest factor associated with fatality (p = 0.002), while both white blood count (p<0.001) and serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase levels (p<0.001) emerged as independent risk factors for intubation.

Conclusions
Collectively our data show that high creatinine levels were significantly associated with fatality in our COVID-19 study patients, underscoring the importance of kidney function as a main modulator of SARS-CoV-2 morbidity and favor a careful and proactive management of patients with elevated creatinine levels on admission.
Low-dose aspirin to prevent preeclampsia and growth restriction in nulliparous women identified by uterine artery Doppler as at high risk of preeclampsia: A double blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Diguisto Caroline , Le Gouge Amelie , Marchand Marie-Sara , Megier Pascal , Ville Yves , Haddad Georges , Winer Norbert , Arthuis Chloé , Doret Muriel , Debarge Veronique Houfflin , Flandrin Anaig , Delmas Hélène Laurichesse , Gallot Denis , Mares Pierre , Vayssiere Christophe , Sentilhes Loïc , Cheve Marie-Therese , Paumier Anne , Durin Luc , Schaub Bruno , Equy Veronique , Giraudeau Bruno , Perrotin Franck ,   for the Groupe de Recherche en Obstétrique et Gynécologie (GROG)
Published: October 2022

IntroductionThis trial evaluates whether daily low-dose aspirin initiated before 16 weeks of gestation can reduce preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction in nulliparous women identified by first-trimester uterine artery Dopplers as at high risk of preeclampsia.MethodsThis randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial took place in 17 French obstetric departments providing antenatal care. Pregnant nulliparous women aged ≥ 18 years with a singleton pregnancy at a gestational age < 16 weeks of gestation with a lowest pulsatility index ≥ 1.7 or a bilateral protodiastolic notching for both uterine arteries on an ultrasound performed between 11+0 and 13+6 weeks by a certified sonographer were randomized at a 1:1 ratio to 160 mg of low-dose aspirin or to placebo to be taken daily from inclusion to their 34th week of gestation. The main outcome was preeclampsia or a birthweight ≤ 5th percentile. Other outcomes included preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, preterm preeclampsia, preterm delivery before 34 weeks, mode of delivery, type of anesthesia, birthweight ≤ 5th percentile and perinatal death.ResultsThe trial was interrupted due to recruiting difficulties. Between June 2012 and June 2016, 1104 women were randomized, two withdrew consent, and two had terminations of pregnancies. Preeclampsia or a birthweight ≤ 5th percentile occurred in 88 (16.0%) women in the low-dose aspirin group and in 79 (14.4%) in the placebo group (proportion difference 1.6 [-2.6; 5.9] p = 0.45). The two groups did not differ significantly for the secondary outcomes.ConclusionLow-dose aspirin was not associated with a lower rate of either preeclampsia or birthweight ≤ 5th percentile in women identified by their first-trimester uterine artery Doppler as at high risk of preeclampsia.Trial registration(NCT0172946).
Aquatic plant dynamic and fishes over the last 1800 years in the Lake Aiguebelette (Northern French Alps)
Authors: Giguet-covex Charline , Messager Erwan , Arthaud Florent , Gielly Ludovic , Jenny Jean-Philippe 
Published: October 2022

Watersheds of large peri-alpine lakes have undergone substantial demographic and urban developments (leading to the release of waste waters, containing nitrates and phosphates), as well as agricultural activities intensification (use of fertilizers) during the 20th century. The seasonal fluctuations of their water levels is often reduced and controlled to generate hydroelectric power or to reduce flooded areas. Furthermore, these lakes host fishing activities, often for commercial purpose. These pressures, combined with global warming, significantly impacted the aquatic ecosystems especially through the eutrophication process and modifications of the trophic web.
In order to understand such limnological changes, several peri-alpine lakes are monitored for several decades. However, this instrumental monitoring does not allow the assessment of the ecosystem state before the anthropisation acceleration. Lake sediment cores represent relevant archives to fill this gap. Geochemical analyses and biotic remains preserved in lake sediments can be used to reconstruct the past long-term trajectories of aquatic ecosystems.
However, up to now, palaeoecological studies undertaken on lake sediments were only focused on phytoplankton, zooplankton, chironomids or microbial communities, but nor on aquatic plant community, nor on fishes. For fishes, this lack is explained by the absence (or rare presence) of fossils preserved in the sediments and for aquatic plants by a limited detection by pollen analyses. Environmental DNA preserved in the sediment offers a unique opportunity to address these challenges.
In this paper, the DNA metabarcoding approach is used to identify past aquatic plants and fishes living over the last 1800 years in the Lake Aiguebelette (390 m a.s.l., 5.45 km
2 lake surface area, 70 km
2catchment area, 73m deep). The most significant result is the evidence of interactions between aquatic plants and fishes. Roach, a fish species which has a preference for aquatic grass habitats, appears from 1000 years AD, i.e. when the diversity and biomass of aquatic plants highly increase. This change also corresponds to the development of mesotrophic conditions due to the intensification of the livestock farming.
Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior – A Longitudinal Study of Entrepreneurial Intentions
Authors: Hanage Richard , Davies Mark Alexander Phillip , Stenholm Pekka , Scott Jonathan Matthew 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Most recent research about entrepreneurial intent (EI) examines EI and its determinants as a one-time event, but whether and how EI is continuously changing during early-stage entrepreneurship has not been adequately addressed. We track the shifts in the EI of young creative sector early-stage entrepreneurs vis-à-vis their changing external circumstances and their developing perceptions of the realities of business start-up. Our findings of 11 established and 10 new determinants of EI contribute to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and guide our appreciation of EI as a dynamic, longitudinal construct, which is the link between intent and realized action. Our findings have profound implications for policy-makers and practitioners, for instance those wishing to help early-stage entrepreneurs to establish businesses when they only possess limited entrepreneurial experience. This research study, therefore, responds to calls for more longitudinal qualitative research into the determinants of EI, entrepreneurial processes, and early business exit.
Comparative studies of soluble and immobilized Fe(III) heme-peptide complexes as alternative heterogeneous biocatalysts
Authors: Lukas Joey , Družeta Ivona , Kühl Toni 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fe(III) heme is known to possess low catalytic activity when exposed to hydrogen peroxide and a reducing substrate. Efficient non-covalently linked Fe(III) heme-peptide complexes may represent suitable alternatives as a new group of green catalysts. Here, we evaluated a set of heme-peptide complexes by determination of their peroxidase-like activity and the kinetics of the catalytic conversion in both, the soluble and the immobilized state. We show the impact of peptide length on binding of the peptides to Fe(III) heme and the catalytic activity. Immobilization of the peptide onto a polymer support maintains the catalytic performance of the Fe(III) heme-peptide complex. This study thus opens up a new perspective with regard to the development of heterogeneous biocatalysts with a peroxidase-like activity.
Microstructural evolution and solidification behavior of (CoCrNi)100−x
Nb
x
medium-entropy-alloys
Authors: Liu Ning , Qian Yuyang , Lan Zhou , Du Wendong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work (CoCrNi)100−x
Nb
x
(x = 0–23.08 at.%) medium-entropy alloys were designed to investigate the solidification process and principle. The solid solubility of Nb in CoCrNi equiatomic MEA was discovered to be less than 0.46 at.%, and a fully eutectic structure was obtained at Co28.9Cr28.9Ni28.9Nb13.3 alloy. Fcc and Laves phases are the main component phases in the (CoCrNi)100−x
Nb
x
alloys. With the increasing Nb content, the volume fraction of fcc decreased, accompanied by the increment of Laves phase. Based on CALPHAD and experimental results, the top-left corner of the (CoCrNi)Nb pseudo binary phase diagram was achieved. Hypoeutectic (CoCrNi)100−x
Nb
x
(x < 13.3 at.%) alloys undergo the following solidification process: at first, primary dendrites with fcc structure nucleate and grow in the melt, then, eutectic reaction occurs and a mixture of Laves and fcc eutectic structure is obtained. Conversely, for hypereutectic (CoCrNi)100−x
Nb
x
(x > 13.3 at.%) alloys, the primary dendrite of Laves phase form, followed by the eutectic reaction of L → fcc + Laves.
Fredholm determinants and Z

n
-mKdV/Z

n
-sinh-Gordon hierarchies
Authors: Li Chuanzhong , Liu Wenna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The general Fredholm determinants have a close connection with integrable systems. Inspired by the connection between Fredholm determinants and mKdV/sinh-Gordon hierarchies, we construct a Z

n
-Fredholm determinant and show how the Z

n
-Fredholm determinants can be governed by Z

n
-mKdV/Z

n
-sinh-Gordon hierarchies.
Adaptive control for position and force tracking of uncertain teleoperation with actuators saturation and asymmetric varying time delays
Authors: Pourseifi Mehdi , Rezaei Sara 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a new bounded force feedback control law to improve transparency in nonlinear bilateral teleoperation systems in the presence of three problems in practical applications of teleoperation systems such as input saturation, asymmetric time varying communication delays with no restriction on their rates of variation and parametric uncertainties, simultaneously. The proposed controller is a nonlinear-proportional plus nonlinear damping (nP + nD) controller with the addition of a nonlinear adaptive term and nonlinear function of the environment force on the slave side and nonlinear function of the human force and force error on the master side. Using a novel Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, the asymptotic stability and position and force tracking performance of the teleoperation system are established under specific conditions on the controller parameters, actuator saturation characteristics and maximum allowable time delay. The validity of the theoretical results is corroborated by the simulation results.
Men use more complex language than women, but the difference has decreased over time: a study on 120 years of written Dutch
Authors: Piersoul Jozefien , Van de Velde Freek 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Differences in language use between men and women have been studied intensely. We take stock of the findings and venture into less charted territory. First, we broaden the scope from well-known lexical features to the domain of syntax. Second, we take a diachronic perspective, looking at changes between 1880 and 1999. Based on a corpus of written Dutch by prolific writers, we find statistically robust differences: men’s style can be characterized as more complex, with the exception of lexical diversity. Through the years, however, there is growing convergence for all linguistic metrics. In the discussion section, we look at different explanations for the observed trends.
A cognitive semantic analysis of ‘eat’ verb usages in Bangla
Authors: Bagchi Tanima 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In Bangla, the verb k

h

aoa ‘to eat’ collocates with a wide variety of entities ranging from edible items to abstract concepts. That is, apart from the habitual process of eating and drinking, other events are expressed equally well with the verb k

h

aoa ‘to eat’ such that there is a growing tendency towards these verb usages. This calls for a detailed analysis of the prevailing sense distinctions in order to assess the extent of acceptability of these collocations. With this aim in mind, this paper utilizes concepts like polysemy, metaphor, and image-schema to arrive at a holistic understanding of the verb and, in turn, to identify the motivation behind higher productivity of k

h

aoa ‘to eat’ verb usages in Bangla.
NV-plasmonics: modifying optical emission of an NV− center via plasmonic metal nanoparticles
Authors: Hapuarachchi Harini , Campaioli Francesco , Cole Jared H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is very sensitive to magnetic and electric fields, strain, and temperature. In addition, it is possible to optically interrogate individual defects, making it an ideal quantum-limited sensor with nanoscale resolution. A key limitation for the application of NV sensing is the optical brightness and collection efficiency of these defects. Plasmonic resonances of metal nanoparticles have been used in a variety of applications to increase the brightness and efficiency of quantum emitters, and therefore are a promising tool to improve NV sensing. However, the interaction between NV centers and plasmonic structures is largely unexplored. In particular, the back-action between NV and plasmonic nanoparticles is nonlinear and depends on optical wavelength, nanoparticle position, and metal type. Here we present the general theory of NV-plasmonic nanoparticle interactions. We detail how the interplay between NV response, including optical and vibrational signatures, and the plasmonic response of the metal nanoparticle results in modifications to the emission spectra. Our model is able to explain quantitatively the existing experimental measurements of NV centers near metal nanoparticles. In addition, it provides a pathway to developing new plasmonic structures to improve readout efficiencies in a range of applications for the NV center. This will enable higher precision sensors, with greater bandwidth as well as new readout modalities for quantum computing and communication.
Shaping the quantum vacuum with anisotropic temporal boundaries
Authors: Vázquez-Lozano J. Enrique , Liberal Iñigo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Temporal metamaterials empower novel forms of wave manipulation with direct applications to quantum state transformations. In this work, we investigate vacuum amplification effects in anisotropic temporal boundaries. Our results theoretically demonstrate that the anisotropy of the temporal boundary provides control over the angular distribution of the generated photons. We analyze several single and multi-layered configurations of anisotropic temporal boundaries, each with a distinct vacuum amplification effect. Examples include the inhibition of photon production along specific directions, resonant and directive vacuum amplification, the generation of angular and frequency photon combs and fast angular variations between inhibition and resonant photon production.
Attitudes of Nigerian expatriates towards accents of English
Authors: Ugwuanyi Kingsley Oluchi , Oyebola Folajimi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study investigated the attitudes of Nigerians living in Europe towards accents of English. It has been observed that as migrants settle in new communities, they enter new linguistic ecologies, which tend to influence their linguistic behaviours. Language attitudes research focusing on migrants has shown that migration significantly impacts upon migrants’ attitudes towards the new (varieties of) languages to which they are exposed. In light of this and in response to the paucity of research on attitudes of Nigerian/s (migrants) towards varieties of English, this study investigated the attitudes of Nigerian expatriates living in two European countries (the UK and Germany) towards accents of English, using a verbal-guise technique. The results demonstrate that whilst there are overall positive attitudes towards Nigerian English, British English is rated more positively for both status and solidarity. The results also indicate that differences in the background variables examined have no significant influence on informants’ evaluations.
Revisiting Gradience in Diachronic Construction Grammar: PPs and the Complement-Adjunct Distinction in the History of English
Authors: Zehentner Eva 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present paper discusses the concept of gradience and fuzziness from the perspective of Diachronic Construction Grammar. It does so by investigating verb-attached PPs in the history of English, with a focus on their semantic and syntactic functions and features over time. Specifically, the paper uses thePenn-Helsinki Parsed Corpora of Historical English, including texts from Middle English (PPCME2), Early Modern English (PPCEME), and Late Modern English (PPCMBE) to revisit the distinction between adjuncts and complements. In particular, I address the question whether this traditionally binary classification finds support in diachronic data, or whether PPs rather represent a gradience between prototypical adjunct- and complementhood. Furthermore, the paper assesses whether any change in the distribution and features of PPs (specifically an increase in complementhood) can be observed over time. Ultimately, the findings suggest a multi-level network of PPs that is diachronically very stable.
Marktabhängigkeit und ihre Bedeutung für die Grenzziehungen von Solidarität
Authors: Stamm Isabell , Schürmann Lena , Scheidgen Katharina , Berwing Stefan , Maibaum Arne 
Published: October 2022

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag untersucht Grenzlinien der Solidarität. Er betrachtet, wie in Krisensituationen Unterstützungsbedarfe für jene soziale Gruppen verhandelt werden, die in etablierten Solidaritätsdiskursen in eine Deutungslücke fallen. Untersuchungsgegenstand bildet die öffentliche Verhandlung von Solidarität mit Soloselbstständigen zu Beginn der Coronapandemie. Gestützt auf Auswertungen von 21 qualitativen Interviews und ein Textkorpus mit 2428 Zeitungsartikeln zeichnen wir den Diskurs um Soforthilfe nach. Mittels einer Kombination aus strukturierender Inhaltsanalyse und Textmining zeigen wir auf, dass die Deutungsfigur der Marktabhängigkeit von Soloselbstständigen in dieser Krisenzeit dazu dient, die Hilfsbedürftigkeit der Gruppe zu identifizieren (soziale Grenzziehung), aber auch die Ausgestaltung der Hilfe kontrovers zu diskutieren (substanzielle Grenzziehung). Wir zeigen, wie sich Solidaritätsnormen im Diskursverlauf konfigurieren und dabei Marktabhängigkeit als relevante Grenze für Solidarität freigeben, diese aber nur zeitlich begrenzt wirksam bleibt.