bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multilevel effective material approximation for modeling ellipsometric measurements on complex porous thin films
Authors: Sachse René , Hodoroaba Vasile-Dan , Kraehnert Ralph , Hertwig Andreas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Catalysts are important components in chemical processes because they lower the activation energy and thus determine the rate, efficiency and selectivity of a chemical reaction. This property plays an important role in many of today’s processes, including the electrochemical splitting of water. Due to the continuous development of catalyst materials, they are becoming more complex, which makes a reliable evaluation of physicochemical properties challenging even for modern analytical measurement techniques and industrial manufacturing. We present a fast, vacuum-free and non-destructive analytical approach using multi-sample spectroscopic ellipsometry to determine relevant material parameters such as film thickness, porosity and composition of mesoporous IrOx–TiOy films. Mesoporous IrOx–TiOy films were deposited on Si wafers by sol–gel synthesis, varying the composition of the mixed oxide films between 0 and 100 wt%Ir. The ellipsometric modeling is based on an anisotropic Bruggeman effective medium approximation (a-BEMA) to determine the film thickness and volume fraction of the material and pores. The volume fraction of the material was again modeled using a Bruggeman EMA to determine the chemical composition of the materials. The ellipsometric fitting results were compared with complementary methods, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) as well as environmental ellipsometric porosimetry (EEP).
Consolidating EFL content and vocabulary learning via interactive reading
Authors: Wu Shiyu , Liu Dilin , Li Zan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Via a 90-min classroom experiment, this study examined the effects of interactive reading on EFL students’ content and vocabulary learning. Specifically, two intact Chinese college EFL classes with the same level of English proficiency participated in this study. One was taught with a “read plus intra/inter-group discussion” (Read-Discuss) approach and the other was instructed with a traditional approach involving no student-student interaction. After the experiment, the students took two immediate posttests (one on content and one on vocabulary) and, three weeks later, retook the same tests (delayed posttests). The results of statistical analyses indicate that whereas in the immediate posttests both classes attained a similar level of learning on both the content and vocabulary tests, in the delayed posttests, the Read-Discuss class significantly outperformed the traditional class, demonstrating that the Read-Discuss approach produced significantly better consolidated learning/retention in both content and vocabulary. Pedagogical/research implications of the results are also discussed.
Considering best practices in color palettes for molecular visualizations
Authors: Garrison Laura , Bruckner Stefan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Biomedical illustration and visualization techniques provide a window into complex molecular worlds that are difficult to capture through experimental means alone. Biomedical illustrators frequently employ color to help tell a molecular story, e.g., to identify key molecules in a signaling pathway. Currently, color use for molecules is largely arbitrary and often chosen based on the client, cultural factors, or personal taste. The study of molecular dynamics is relatively young, and some stakeholders argue that color use guidelines would throttle the growth of the field. Instead, content authors have ample creative freedom to choose an aesthetic that, e.g., supports the story they want to tell. However, such creative freedom comes at a price. The color design process is challenging, particularly for those without a background in color theory. The result is a semantically inconsistent color space that reduces the interpretability and effectiveness of molecular visualizations as a whole. Our contribution in this paper is threefold. We first discuss some of the factors that contribute to this array of color palettes. Second, we provide a brief sampling of color palettes used in both industry and research sectors. Lastly, we suggest considerations for developing best practices around color palettes applied to molecular visualization.
A GA-BP neural network for nonlinear time-series forecasting and its application in cigarette sales forecast
Authors: Sun Zheng , Li XiNa , Zhang HongTao , Ikbal Mohammad Asif , Farooqi Ataur Rahman 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Neural network modeling for nonlinear time series predicts modeling speed and computational complexity. An improved method for dynamic modeling and prediction of neural networks is proposed. Simulations of the nonlinear time series are performed, and the idea and theory of optimizing the initial weights and threshold of the GA algorithm are discussed in detail. It has been proved that the use of GA-BP neural network in cigarette sales forecast is 80% higher than before, and this method has higher accuracy and accuracy than the gray system method.
Meta-analysis of responses of broiler chickens to Bacillus supplementation: Intestinal histomorphometry and blood immunoglobulin
Authors: Ogbuewu Ifeanyi Princewill , Mbajiorgu Christian Anayo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The broiler chicken industry needs effective probiotics to boost productivity and health. However, published data on the impact of in-feed Bacillus supplementation on physiological parameters in healthy broiler chickens are often conflicting and inconclusive. As a result, this meta-analysis aimed to assess the influence of Bacillus on intestinal histomorphometry (villus height [VH], crypt depth [CD], and VH:CD) and blood immunoglobulin (A, G, and M) levels in healthy broiler chickens. Results were pooled using a random-effects model and presented as Hedges d (d) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The results indicate that Bacillus improves gut histomorphometric variables in broilers with the exception of duodenal and ileal CD, which had comparable values with the controls. Likewise, broiler chickens fed Bacillus had increased blood immunoglobulin (Ig) levels compared to controls (IgA: d = 2.29 mg/mL, 95% CI: 1.54–3.04; IgG: d = 2.17 mg/mL, 95% CI: 1.36–2.98; IgM: d = 1.00 mg/mL, 95% CI: 0.54–1.46) taking cognizance of heterogeneity (I
2 = 96–98%). Subgroup analysis showed that studied moderators (Bacillus species, broiler strain, and dosage and duration of supplementation) influenced the results of the meta-analysis. In conclusion, our results suggested that the inclusion of Bacillus at 0.1–6.0 × 106 colony-forming unit/g in broiler chicken feed enhanced the absorptive capacity of the small intestine and blood immunoglobulin levels of broiler chickens. The findings of this study avail important suggestions on policy advancements and sustainable usage of Bacillus in broiler chicken industry.
Abundant optical soliton structures to the Fokas system arising in monomode optical fibers
Authors: Zhang Pei-Ling , Wang Kang-Jia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Three effective methods, namely, the simplified extended tanh-function method (SETFM), variational method (VM) and He’s frequency formulation method (HFFM) are employed to investigate the Fokas system that arises in the monomode optical fibers. Fifteen sets of the soliton solutions such as the bright soliton, dark soliton, bright-dark soliton, double-dark soliton, double-bright soliton, triple-bright soliton, kinky periodic soliton and perfect periodic soliton solutions are developed. The dynamic performances of the different soliton solutions are plotted via the 3-D contours and 2-D curves to interpret the physical behaviors by assigning reasonable parameters. From the results obtained from this study, it is found that three proposed methods are promising ways to seek various soliton solutions of the PDEs in optical physics.
Evaluation of ESBL resistance dynamics inEscherichia coliisolates by mathematical modeling
Authors: Hurdoganoglu Ulas , Kaymakamzade Bilgen , Sultanoglu Nazife , Guler Emrah , Hincal Evren , Suer Kaya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAntibiotic resistance is becoming one of the threats to global health. This crisis has been attributed to the over-the-counter and overuse of antibiotics leading bacteria to gain the ability to resist and survive even in the presence of antimicrobial agents.Escherichia coli(E. coli) is one of the major gram-negative bacteria that are the representative indicators of antibiotic resistance. One of the mechanisms of gaining antibiotic resistance is the ability ofE. colito gain the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). In this study, Near East University Hospital data from 2016 to 2019 were used to study the dynamics of ESBL-producing (ESBL+{\text{ESBL}}^{+}) and non-ESBL-producing (ESBL−{\text{ESBL}}^{-})E. coliinfections by using a mathematical model. In our study, the aim was to evaluate the distribution of infections caused by resistantE. colistrains in later years and to increase the success of treatment in patients infected withE. coliby reducing the problem of antibiotic resistance. By using the mathematical model and data of the patients, basic reproduction number (R0) values were calculated to study epidemiologic dynamics of the disease. TheR0E−{R}_{0}^{{E}^{-}}andR0E+{R}_{0}^{{E}^{+}}values forESBL−{\text{ESBL}}^{-}and ESBL+ {\text{&#x00A0;ESBL}}^{+}\text{&#x00A0;}E. coliinfections were calculated, respectively. According to the model and the data used within the study, it was calculated thatR0E−{R}_{0}^{{E}^{-}}to be 1,266,403 andR0E+{R}_{0}^{{E}^{+}}to be 2,096,747. Since the values forR0E−{R}_{0}^{{E}^{-}}andR0E+{R}_{0}^{{E}^{+}}were equal or greater than 1, this suggests that currently theESBL−\hspace{.25em}{\text{ESBL}}^{-}and ESBL+ {\text{&#x00A0;ESBL}}^{+}\text{&#x00A0;}E. coliinfections are in epidemic character for Cyprus. Furthermore, when simulation analyses were carried out for the model, it was predicted that in 2042 theESBL−{\text{ESBL}}^{-}and ESBL+{\text{&#x00A0;ESBL}}^{+}E. coliinfection trends will equalize. After 2042, theESBL− {\text{ESBL}}^{-}\text{&#x00A0;}E. coliinfections will indicate a descending pattern whereas ESBL+ {\text{&#x00A0;ESBL}}^{+}\text{&#x00A0;}E. coliinfection will increase constantly.
Physicochemical stability of azacitidine suspensions at 25 mg/mL in polypropylene syringes stored under different conditions of storage
Authors: Trambloy Quentin , Vigneron Jean , Clarot Igor , Blaise Franck , D’Huart Elise , Demoré Béatrice 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Azacitidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside analogue whose stability is temperature dependent. Numerous publications have studied the stability of this drug with discordant results. The purpose of this work is to study the stability of azacitidine suspensions under different conditions to allow preparation in advance: vials stored at room temperature or between 2 and 8 °C, reconstituted with refrigerated water for injection (WFI) or frozen/thawed WFI, azacitidine suspensions stored at room temperature, 2–8 °C or at −20 °C. The feasibility of a vented ChemoClave® Spike vial was also tested to reconstitute and collect azacitidine to aid the preparation stage.

Methods
The stability study was performed by HPLC coupled to a photodiode array detector. The method was validated according to ICH Q2(R1). Two syringes were prepared for each analysis condition and two samples were realised for each syringe at each time of the analysis. For a storage at 2–8 °C, analyses were performed for up to 168 h. The stability was studied after 2 h at room temperature. For frozen storage, the stability was studied after 28 days.

Results
Azacitidine 25 mg/mL suspensions stored between 2 and 8 °C, prepared with refrigerated WFI or frozen/thawed WFI, retained more than 90% of the initial concentration for 96 h and then for 2 h at room temperature. Prepared with frozen/thawed WFI, azacitidine 25 mg/mL suspensions stored at −20 °C for 28 days and then 72 h between 2 and 8 °C after thawing, retained more than 90% of the initial concentration. When using a Spike system compared to using a needle for reconstitution and collection of the suspension, the results obtained by HPLC showed a decrease of 1.47% in the concentration of azacitidine. The comparisons of the volumes withdrawn after reconstitution were similar when using a Spike system or a needle.

Conclusions
Azacitidine 25 mg/mL suspensions reconstituted with refrigerated WFI were chemically stable for 4 days when stored at 2–8 °C whatever the storage of vials (refrigerator or room temperature), and 2 h at room temperature. A storage of azacitidine 25 mg/mL suspensions in syringes prepared with frozen/thawed WFI at −20 °C has been validated for up to 28 days, leading to the possibility to prepare in advance. A Spike device can be used to reconstitute and collect azacitidine.
Increasing Pediatric Morning Report Educational Value Through Quality Improvement
Authors: Zuckerman Anna , Robinson Keith J. , Twichell Sarah A. , Bonenfant Nicholas , Naud Shelly , Runte K. Elisabeth , Couser Sarah , First Lewis R. , Flyer Jonathan N. 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND
Morning report (MR) is a common case-based conference in graduate medical education. Recent studies highlight participant dissatisfaction with the educational value of MR, but data are lacking on means for improvement. We aimed to increase MR quality and participant satisfaction at our academic pediatric residency program.

METHODS
Improvement science was used to develop and implement a new standardized pediatric MR process (intervention), with 5 core educational elements and structured resident–faculty mentorship. Educational elements were measured via feedback forms and tracked using a run chart. Residents and faculty were surveyed regarding MR quality and satisfaction at baseline and 6 months postintervention; responses were analyzed using mixed effects logistic regression.

RESULTS
The median of educational elements increased from 3 to 5 (5 maximum) during the 6-month study period and 12-months poststudy. Baseline and postintervention survey response rates were 90% (18 of 20) for residents and 66% (51 of 77) for faculty. Residents reporting high quality MR changed from 50% to 72% (P = .20), and faculty from 29% to 85% (P &lt;.001). Satisfaction with MR content increased for both residents (50%–89%, P = .03) and faculty (25%–67%, P &lt;.001). Resident satisfaction with faculty mentorship before MR increased from 28% to 78% (P = .01); satisfaction with faculty feedback after MR increased from 11% to 56% (P = .02).

CONCLUSIONS
Improvement science can be used to develop a new pediatric graduate medical education process. Requiring core educational elements and providing structured mentorship were associated with improvements in pediatric MR quality and participant satisfaction.
A gastro-oesophagealis refluxbetegség és a Barrett-nyelőcső sebészi kezelése
Authors: Simonka Zsolt , Paszt Attila , Kovách Kornél , Tóth Illés , Horváth Zoltán , Pieler József , Tajti János , Leprán Ádám , Tiszlavicz László , Németh István , Rosztóczy András , Lup Márton , Lázár György 
Published: June 2022

Bevezetés
A Szegedi Tudományegyetem Sebészeti Klinika 100 éves évfordulójának tiszteletére közleményünkben a 2000. január 1-től 2021. május 31-ig a Szegedi Tudományegyetem Sebészeti Klinikán 779 esetben elvégzett antirefluxműtét tapasztalait foglaltuk össze. Részletes kivizsgálást követően az endoscopos kép és a funkcionális vizsgálatok eredményének birtokában a gasztroenterológus munkacsoporttal szoros együttműködésben döntöttünk a műtéti indikációról. Elsődleges műtéti indikációt gyakorlatunkban a konzervatív kezelésre nem reagáló refluxbetegség jelentette. Klinikánk gyakorlatában 98,2%-ban Nissen szerinti fundoplicatiót végeztünk. Elemeztük a posztoperatív szövődmények előfordulását. Hosszú távú utánkövetésben vizsgáltuk a fundoplicatio hatását a savas, illetve epés refluxra, valamint a betegek életminőségbeli javulását a Visick score, illetve a módosított GERD–HRQL-kérdőív segítségével. Saját vizsgálataink igazolták a savas és epés reflux kóroki szerepét a Barrett-nyelőcső kialakulásában, továbbá azt, hogy a laparoscopos antirefluxműtét hatékonyan állítja helyre az alsó nyelőcsősphincter működését és szűnteti meg a savas és epés refluxot. Ennek hatására a Barrett-nyelőcső bizonyos eseteiben regressziót várhatunk. A betegség heterogenitása miatt azonban a folyamatos endoscopos követés továbbra sem hagyható el.
A new approach based on integration of random subspace and C4.5 decision tree learning method for spatial prediction of shallow landslides
Authors: Nhu Viet-Ha , Bui Tinh Thanh , My Linh Nguyen , Vuong Hoe , Duc Hoang Nhat 
Published: June 2022

The research approaches a new machine learning ensemble which is a hybridization of Random subspace (RS) and C4.5, named RandSub-DT, for improving the performance of the landslide susceptibility model. This is based on the GIS database, including 170 landslide polygons and ten predisposing landslide factors, i.e., slope, aspect, curvature, TWI, land use, distance to road, distance to the river, soil type, distance to fault, and lithology. We carried out this study in the Halong and Cam Pha City areas which are important economic centers in the Quang Ninh province, Vietnam, where landslides seriously influence the daily life of the citizen causing economic damage. We then used a GIS database to construct and validate the proposed RandSub-DT model. The model performance was assessed using a confusion matrix and a set of statistical measures. The result showed that the RandSub-DT model with the classification accuracy of 90.34% in the training dataset and the prediction capability of 77.48% had a high performance for landslide prediction. This research proved that an ensemble of the C4.5 and RS provided a highly accurate estimate of landslide susceptibility in the research area.
An Action Research Report from a Multi-Year Approach to Teaching Artificial Intelligence at the K-6 Level
Authors: Heinze Clint , Haase Janet , Higgins Helen 
Published: June 2022

In Australia, the Scientists-in-Schools program partners professional scientists with teachers from K-12 schools to improve early engagement and educational outcomes in the sciences and mathematics. An overview of the developing syllabus of a K-6 course resulting from the pairing of a senior AI researcher with teachers from a K-6 (primary) school is presented. Now entering its third year, the course introduces the basic concepts, vocabulary and history of science generally and AI specifically in a manner that emphasises student engagement and provides a challenging but age appropriate syllabus. Reflecting on the course at this time provides an action research basis for ongoing maturation of the syllabus, and the paper is presented in that light.
Bounding the Cost of Stability in Games over Interaction Networks
Authors: Meir Reshef , Zick Yair , Elkind Edith , Rosenschein Jeffrey 
Published: June 2022

We study the stability of cooperative games played over an interaction network, in a model that was introduced by Myerson ['77]. We show that the cost of stability of such games (i.e., the subsidy required to stabilize the game) can be bounded in terms of natural parameters of their underlying interaction networks. Specifically, we prove that if the treewidth of the interaction network H is k, then the relative cost of stability of any game played over H is at most k + 1, and if the pathwidth of H is k', then the relative cost of stability is at most k'. We show that these bounds are tight for all k≥ 2and all k' ≥ 1, respectively.
Ramón y Cajal, la Neurociencia a través del Arte
Authors: Salazar Rosana 
Published: June 2022

Este artículo es una breve crónica del resultado ofrecido por un taller llevado a cabo en Julio de 2021. En él, ponemos en valor el trabajo artístico de Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852-1934), además de difundir su labor científica al mayor número posible de personas. A través de la acuarela, los participantes descubren el recóndito mundo del sistema nervioso. La finalidad de esta propuesta es hacer la ciencia accesible a todo el mundo, sin importar su bagaje ni procedencia. Cualquiera puede disfrutar de ella y alimentar un poco más su curiosidad. Además, ese conocimiento científico puede ser aprovechado con fines artísticos.
Para todo esto, en este artículo doy cuenta del taller llevado a cabo durante el congreso tal y como ocurrió. Para ello, primero hago una introducción teórica sobre la realidad de la imposibilidad de la disociación de ciencia y arte, y también sitúo mi experiencia en el contexto de otros ensayos que, no siendo iguales, han trabajado sobre la misma idea.
Palabras clave: acuarela, divulgación científica, neurociencia, Ramón y Cajal, siste- ma nervioso, taller artístico.
National Development Banks in Europe – A Contribution to Sustainable Finance
Authors: Nyikos Györgyi , Kondor Zsuzsanna 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The paper explains critical changes to investment funding occurred over the past fifteen years in the European Union and explores the added value that National Development Banks create for sustainable finance. The delivery of the European Green Deal and the recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic require an unprecedented scale of resources. The need to adopt a new sustainable investment approach and adjust the operation of the financial system has become inevitable. Existing research has underlined the role national development banks play in counter-cyclical measures and promotion of the government’s public policy goals. However, their standing in the sustainable finance landscape has enjoyed less attention so far. The paper, therefore, looks at how the remit of the Banks has evolved and assesses their progress and further development needs in relation to promoting sustainable finance. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research has followed a two-phase design. The first phase has included the examination of the operational setting of National Development Banks and their impact on overcoming market failures and improving access to finance. The second phase concentrated on drawing a comparison between the new regulatory requirements, in particular the European Green Deal, the EU Taxonomy Regulation and the functioning of the National Development Banks. The methodology has included a detailed literature review, desk research, data collection and re-assessment of earlier surveys, which has been used for prescriptive comparative analysis and cluster analysis. Findings: The paper concludes that National Development Banks, despite their common goals and mandates, demonstrate important variations in terms of government involvement in strategic direction and decision-making and the Banks’ actual contribution to national policy goals. The outcome confirms the hypothesis that recent changes to the EU strategic and regulatory framework only require minor amendments to the direction of NDB investments. Their original setup and objectives are already in accordance with the new expectations and they invest mostly in economic sectors that the new taxonomy system classifies as sustainable. Practical Implications/ Originality/Value: This is important for the scholarly discourse on the essential conditions for sustainable finance. Meanwhile, the results provide usable guidance for development banks/funding agencies in Europe, too. The paper offers a solid ground for continued explorations of the European financial sector, whereas the recently adopted Digital Finance Package could further widen the agenda of the research direction.