bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microvesicle release from inner segments of healthy photoreceptors is a conserved phenomenon in mammalian species
Authors: Lewis Tylor R. , Phan Sebastien , Kim Keun-Young , Jha Isha , Castillo Carson M. , Ding Jin-Dong , Sajdak Benjamin S. , Merriman Dana K. , Ellisman Mark H. , Arshavsky Vadim Y. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Many inherited visual diseases arise from mutations that affect the structure and function of photoreceptor cells. In some cases, the pathology is accompanied by a massive release of extracellular vesicles from affected photoreceptors. In this study, we addressed whether vesicular release is an exclusive response to ongoing pathology or a normal homeostatic phenomenon amplified in disease. We analyzed the ultrastructure of normal photoreceptors from both rod- and cone-dominant mammalian species and found that these cells release microvesicles budding from their inner segment compartment. Inner segment-derived microvesicles vary in their content, with some of them containing the visual pigment rhodopsin and others appearing to be interconnected with mitochondria. These data suggest the existence of a fundamental process whereby healthy mammalian photoreceptors release mistrafficked or damaged inner segment material as microvesicles into the interphotoreceptor space. This release may be greatly enhanced under pathological conditions associated with defects in protein targeting and trafficking.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Estimating the economic burden of typhoid in children and adults in Blantyre, Malawi: A costing cohort study
Authors: Limani Fumbani , Smith Christopher , Wachepa Richard , Chafuwa Hlulose , Meiring James , Noah Patrick , Patel Pratiksha , Patel Priyanka D. , Debellut Frédéric , Pecenka Clint , Gordon Melita A. , Bar-Zeev Naor 
Published: November 2022

Background
Typhoid causes preventable death and disease. The World Health Organization recommends Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine for endemic countries, but introduction decisions depend on cost-effectiveness. We estimated household and healthcare economic burdens of typhoid in Blantyre, Malawi.

Methods
In a prospective cohort of culture-confirmed typhoid cases at two primary- and a referral-level health facility, we collected direct medical, non-medical costs (2020 U.S. dollars) to healthcare provider, plus indirect costs to households.

Results
From July 2019-March 2020, of 109 cases, 63 (58%) were <15 years old, 44 (40%) were inpatients. Mean hospitalization length was 7.7 days (SD 4.1). For inpatients, mean total household and provider costs were $93.85 (95%CI: 68.87–118.84) and $296.52 (95%CI: 225.79–367.25), respectively. For outpatients, these costs were $19.05 (95%CI: 4.38–33.71) and $39.65 (95%CI: 33.93–45.39), respectively. Household costs were due mainly to direct non-medical and indirect costs, medical care was free. Catastrophic illness cost, defined as cost >40% of non-food monthly household expenditure, occurred in 48 (44%) households.

Conclusions
Typhoid can be economically catastrophic for families, despite accessible free medical care. Typhoid is costly for government healthcare provision. These data make an economic case for TCV introduction in Malawi and the region and will be used to derive vaccine cost-effectiveness.
VARIAÇÃO MORFOLÓGICA DOS ECOSSISTEMAS DE PLANÍCIE DE MARÉ NA FOZ DO RIO CACHOEIRA, PARANÁ
Authors: Branco José Carlos 
Published: November 2022

O Rio Cachoeira deságua no estuário da baía de Antonina que faz parte do Complexo Estuarino de Paranaguá. A média anual da vazão do Rio Cachoeira antes da transposição era de 21,13 m3/s. Pesquisas recentes evidenciaram uma vazão anual média de 31,45 m3/s, caracterizando um acréscimo de aproximadamente 33% na vazão original. Devido Ã relação entre a vazão e a capacidade de carga de transporte de um rio, o aumento da vazão do Rio Cachoeira pode ter ocasionado as mudanças batimétricas e sedimentológicas verificadas na cabeceira do estuário. A análise temporal aplicada na foz do Rio Cachoeira através de fotointerpretação detectou as modificações morfológicas mais relevantes na área de estudo e quantificou um balanço da variação de área dos principais ecossistemas de planície de maré. Com base nas modificações dos ecossistemas dispostos na região da foz do Rio Cachoeira e nas áreas de estudos comparativas, foi constatada uma tendência erosiva que pode aproximar ainda mais a relação entre a transposição e as mudanças morfológicas, sedimentológicas e batimétricas na cabeceira de estuário da baía de Antonina.
Coronary microvascular dysfunction as assessed by angiography-derived index of microvascular resistance co-localizes with and may explain the presence of ischemia in stress-cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the absence of coronary artery disease
Authors: Milzi Andrea , Dettori Rosalia , Lubberich Richard Karl , Burgmaier Kathrin , Marx Nikolaus , Reith Sebastian , Burgmaier Mathias 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionIschemia with no obstructive coronary disease (INOCA) is a frequent phenomenon in the cath lab. A possible cause is coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), which may be assessed by invasive testing with possible complications; therefore, less invasive approaches have emerged, such as the angiography-derived index of microvascular resistance (aIMR). The aim of our study was to investigate the association of single-vessel aIMR as a measure of CMD with areas of INOCA in stress testing.MethodsWe measured aIMR in 286 vessels from 102 patients undergoing both stress cMRI and coronary angiography. Groups were (a) INOCA group (93 vessels, 32 patients); (b) coronary artery disease (CAD) control group (116 vessels, 42 patients) with ischemia due to relevant stenosis; and (c) control group (77 vessels, 28 patients) without ischemia or relevant stenosis.ResultsINOCA patients presented higher mean aIMR (28.3 ± 5.7) compared to both CAD patients (17.4 ± 5.7, p &lt; 0.001) and controls (22.1 ± 5.9, p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, in INOCA patients aIMR was significantly increased (33.0 ± 8.1 vs. 25.8 ± 6.3, p = 0.021) in vessels with vs. without ischemia. Single vessel aIMR presented a very good diagnostic efficiency in detecting INOCA [AUC 0.865 (0.804–0.925), optimal cut-off 27.1, p &lt; 0.001].ConclusionCMD, as assessed by 3-vessel aIMR, co-localizes with and may explain the presence of ischemia in stress-cMRI in INOCA.
Case report: A rare case of imiquimod-induced atypical pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: Moro Francesco , Ciccone Davide , Fania Luca , Mariotti Feliciana , Salemme Adele , Rahimi Siavash , Pallotta Sabatino , Di Zenzo Giovanni 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune intraepithelial bullous disease involving the skin and the mucous membranes. Imiquimod, a topical therapy for skin basal cell carcinoma, is an amine that induces the production of tumor necrosis factor alfa, interleukin-1 and other cytokines. Pemphigus induced by drugs has been frequently reported, mostly after systemic therapy.Case presentationWe present the case of a 50-year-old man who developed skin, intraoral, and genital mucosae lesions 3 days after a treatment with Imiquimod for multiple superficial basal cell carcinoma of the trunk. Direct and indirect immunofluorescence results were compatible with the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was negative for desmoglein 1 and 3, but interestingly, by immunoblotting on keratinocyte extracts a band of 170 kDa was obtained by IgG. The patient, after interrupting Imiquimod application, started a treatment with prednisolone and in 4 weeks showed a complete remission.ConclusionTopical Imiquimod therapy might induce atypical pemphigus vulgaris in some patients.
Association of cannabis and/or opioid with quality of life and healthcare utilization in patients with chronic pain
Authors: Salmasi Vafi , Nelson Lorene M. , Hong Juliette , Mackey Sean C. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundOpioids have been commonly used to treat chronic pain, but they are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Cannabis has been advocated as an alternative; however, a growing number of patients are now using a combination of opioid and cannabis and the impact of this combination is not well-studied.AimWe characterized use of opioid and/or cannabis in patients with chronic pain; and compared utilization of healthcare resources.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study to determine if measures of physical, psychological and social functioning differed among patients according to whether they used opioids and/or cannabis. We used our learning healthcare system – CHOIR – to capture NIH Patient Reported Outcomes Measure Information System surveys, and legacy pain and treatment specific questions.ResultsPatients who report use of opioid and/or cannabis experience higher levels of physical, psychological and social distress. After adjusting for inversed weight of propensity scores, they have higher odds of visiting an emergency room, staying overnight at the hospital, and visiting a physician.ConclusionOur results show that use of opioid and/or cannabis is associated with worse baseline characteristics and outcomes. Our study however cannot determine if worse outcomes are due to the opioids and/or cannabis or simply that these patients are worse off before using opioids and/or cannabis. Thus, it is important to characterize the trajectory of these patients in a prospective longitudinal study.
Serum and brain metabolomic study reveals the protective effects of Bai-Mi-Decoction on rats with ischemic stroke
Authors: Yang Lingling , Su Xiaojuan , Lu Fangfang , Zong Rong , Ding Shuqin , Liu Jing , Wilson Gidion , Li Liuyan , Yang Youyue , Wang Weibiao , Wang Xiaoying , Chen Jianyu , Ma Xueqin 
Published: November 2022

Bai-Mi-Decoction (BMD), which is composed of Eugenia caryophyllata, Myristica fragrans, Moschus berezovskii, and Crocus sativu, is a characteristic TCM multi-herb formula for brain disease. However, the mechanism of protective effects of BMD on ischemic stroke (IS) still has not been clarified. Our study is designed to elucidate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of BMD on IS by employing pharmacodynamic and serum and brain metabolomic methods. In this experiment, 90 adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group (SHAM, vehicle), middle cerebral artery occlusion–reperfusion injury model group (MCAO/R, vehicle), positive control group (NMDP, 36 mg/kg/day nimodipine), and low (BMDL, 0.805 g/kg/day), moderate (BMDM, 1.61 g/kg/day), and high (BMDH, 3.22 g/kg/day) dosage of BMD prophylactic administration groups. The drugs were dissolved in 0.5% CMC-Na and orally administered to rats with equal volumes (100 g/ml body weight) once a day for 14 consecutive days. Neurological deficit score, cerebral infarct volume, change in body weight, and serum NO, SOD, MDA, GSH, and GSSG levels were determined. Pathological abnormalities using hematoxylin and eosin staining and the expression of VEGF, caspase-3, and NF-κB were analyzed. Furthermore, serum and brain metabolic profiles were explored to reveal the underlying mechanism using UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS technology. BMD exhibited significant neuroprotective effects on MCAO/R rats. As compared to the MCAO/R model group, it could reduce the neurological deficit score and cerebral infarct volume, increase body weight, enhance GSH, SOD, and GSSG activities, and decrease NO and MDA contents of MCAO/R rats. Meanwhile, BMD could ameliorate pathological abnormalities of MCAO/R rats through reducing neuronal loss, vacuolated spaces, shrunken neurons, and destructed neuron structure, as well as regulating the expression of VEGF, caspase-3, and NF-κB. UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-based serum and brain metabolomics analysis found a total of 53 differential metabolites between MCAO/R and SHAM groups, of which 30 were significantly regulated by BMD intervention, and further metabolic pathway analysis implied that the protective effects were mainly associated with amino acid and glycerophospholipid metabolisms. Our pharmacodynamic and metabolomic results revealed the neuroprotective effects of BMD on MCAO/R rats, and the underlying mechanisms were probably related to amino acid and glycerophospholipid metabolisms.
Validity and reliability of capillary vs. Venous blood for the assessment of haemoglobin mass and intravascular volumes
Authors: Royal Joshua T. , Fisher Jason T. , Mlinar Tinkara , Mekjavic Igor B. , McDonnell Adam C. 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Haemoglobin mass (Hbmass) assessment with the carbon monoxide rebreathing method is a more accurate estimate than other measures of oxygen-carrying capacity. Blood may be collected by several means and differences in the measured variables may exist as a result. The present study assessed the validity and reliability of calculated Hbmass and intravascular volumes obtained from capillary blood (CAP) when compared to venous blood (VEN) draws.Methods: Twenty-two adults performed a carbon monoxide rebreathing procedure with paired VEN and CAP draws at baseline, pre-rebreathing and post-rebreathing (POST). Thirteen of these participants performed this protocol on two occasions to assess the data reliability from both blood sampling sites. In a second experiment, 14 adults performed a 20-min seated and a 20-min supine rest to assess for the effect of posture on haematological parameters.Results: Haemoglobin mass (CAP = 948.8 ± 156.8 g; VEN = 943.4 ± 157.3 g, p = 0.108) and intravascular volume (CAP = 6.5 ± 1 L; VEN = 6.5 ± 0.9 L, p = 0.752) were statistically indifferent, had low bias (Hbmass bias = 14.45 ± 40.42 g, LoA -64.78 g—93.67 g) and were highly correlated between sampling techniques. Reliability analysis demonstrated no difference in the mean change in variables calculated from both sampling sites and good to excellent intraclass correlation coefficients (&gt;0.700), however, typical measurement error was larger in variables measured using CAP (VEN Hbmass TE% = 2.1%, CAP Hbmass TE% = 5.5%). The results indicate that a supine rest prior to the rebreathing protocol would have a significant effect on haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit values compared to a seated rest, with no effect on carboxyhaemoglobin %.Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that CAP and VEN were comparable for the calculation of Hbmass and intravascular volumes in terms of accuracy. However, reduced reliability and increased error in the CAP variables indicates that there are methodological considerations to address when deciding which blood drawing technique to utilise. To reduce this CAP error, increased replicate analyses are required.
A qualitative analysis of collaborative efforts to build a school-based intervention for multiple common adolescent mental health difficulties in India
Authors: Gellatly Resham , Knudsen Kendra , Boustani Maya M. , Michelson Daniel , Malik Kanika , Mathur Sonal , Nair Pooja , Patel Vikram , Chorpita Bruce F. 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionIn low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the gap between need for mental health (MH) treatment and access to services is stark, particularly among children and adolescents. In service of addressing this treatment gap, the current study provides an in-depth illustration of later-stage collaborative design of a school-based, transdiagnostic MH intervention in New Delhi and Goa, India, using a combination of contextual insights from local stakeholders and knowledge derived from the global evidence base.MethodsUsing an inductive-deductive approach to qualitative thematic analysis, we examined coded data from qualitative sources related to experiences of developing and implementing an intervention prototype. These sources included notes from meetings attended by treatment development team members and providers, written feedback on protocol materials (e.g., provider manual, student handouts), field notes reflecting researcher observations, and minutes from weekly clinical supervision meetings.ResultsResults revealed that codes involving cultural/contextual considerations, protocol material and content, and intervention complexity arose consistently throughout treatment development and across document types, illustrating their central role in finalizing protocol design.DiscussionThese findings have implications for the future of mental health treatment development and implementation globally.
Antibiotic Resistance in Patients with Peri-Implantitis: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Ardila Carlos M. , Vivares-Builes Annie Marcela 
Published: November 2022

The implementation of adjunctive antibiotics has been recommended for the therapy of peri-implantitis (PI). In this review, antibiotic resistance patterns in PI patients were assessed. A systematic scoping review of observational studies and trials was established in conjunction with the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. The SCOPUS, PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCIELO, Web of Science, and LILACS databases were reviewed along with the gray literature. The primary electronic examination produced 139 investigations. Finally, four observational studies met the selection criteria. These studies evaluated 214 implants in 168 patients. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum mainly presented high resistance to tetracycline, metronidazole, and erythromycin in PI patients. Similarly, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was also highly resistant to clindamycin and doxycycline. Other microorganisms such as Tannerella forsythia, Parvimonas micra, and Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens also presented significant levels of resistance to other antibiotics including amoxicillin, azithromycin, and moxifloxacin. However, most microorganisms did not show resistance to the combination amoxicillin metronidazole. Although the management of adjunctive antimicrobials in the therapy of PI is controversial, in this review, the resistance of relevant microorganisms to antibiotics used to treat PI, and usually prescribed in dentistry, was observed. Clinicians should consider the antibiotic resistance demonstrated in the treatment of PI patients and its public health consequences.
Le leadership : la fin d’un tabou et le début d’un mythe. Évolution des métiers de l’encadrement scolaire et de leur formation en Suisse romande
Authors: Progin Laetitia 
Published: November 2022

Il est désormais attendu que les cadres scolaires relèvent de nombreux défis : incarner le changement ; garantir les transformations y compris pédagogiques ; mettre en œuvre une école à visée inclusive ; convaincre et mobiliser l’ensemble des acteurs et des partenaires dans le cadre de démarches d’auto-évaluation. Dans ce contexte, nous étudions la manière dont les injonctions au leadership ont évolué et ont impacté les cadres scolaires en Suisse romande (la partie francophone de la Suisse) depuis la mise en place d’une formation commune à tous les cadres scolaires en 2008. Cette analyse met en évidence que – sous l’effet notamment de la formation – les cadres ne considèrent plus le leadership comme un mot tabou alors que cela a longtemps été le cas. Ils l’intègrent désormais dans leurs discours quand ils s’expriment sur leur manière d’incarner leur rôle. Le leadership peut, en effet, représenter l’une des manières de prendre en compte la nouvelle gestion publique tout en contribuant à la construction d’un mythe tant dans l’imaginaire collectif qu’au sein des systèmes éducatifs.
Source apportionment of VOCs, IVOCs and SVOCs by positive matrix factorization in suburban Livermore, California
Authors: Wernis Rebecca A. , Kreisberg Nathan M. , Weber Robert J. , Drozd Greg T. , Goldstein Allen H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Gas- and particle-phase molecular markers provide highly
specific information about the sources and atmospheric processes that
contribute to air pollution. In urban areas, major sources of pollution are
changing as regulation selectively mitigates some pollution sources and
climate change impacts the surrounding environment. In this study, a
comprehensive thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatograph (cTAG) was used
to measure volatile, intermediate-volatility and semivolatile molecular
markers every other hour over a 10 d period from 11 to 21 April 2018
in suburban Livermore, California. Source apportionment via positive matrix
factorization (PMF) was performed to identify major sources of pollution.
The PMF analysis identified 13 components, including emissions from
gasoline, consumer products, biomass burning, secondary oxidation, aged
regional transport and several factors associated with single compounds or
specific events with unique compositions. The gasoline factor had a distinct
morning peak in concentration but lacked a corresponding evening peak,
suggesting commute-related traffic emissions are dominated by cold starts in
residential areas. More monoterpene and monoterpenoid mass was assigned to
consumer product emissions than biogenic sources, underscoring the
increasing importance of volatile chemical products to urban emissions.
Daytime isoprene concentrations were controlled by biogenic sunlight- and
temperature-dependent processes, mediated by strong midday mixing, but
gasoline was found to be the dominant and likely only source of isoprene at
night. Biomass burning markers indicated residential wood burning activity
remained an important pollution source even in the springtime. This study
demonstrates that specific high-time-resolution molecular marker
measurements across a wide range of volatility enable more comprehensive
pollution source profiles than a narrower volatility range would allow.
Risk factors for central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection in oncology patients: an integrative review
Authors: Bastos Elaine Cristina Bezerra , Carvalho Francisco Samuel , Chaves Filipe Nobre , Costa Fábio Wildson Gurgel , Costa Antonio Neudimar Bastos , Mesquita Camila Melo , Carvalho Maria Raquel Raquel R 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThe aim of this integrative review was to identify scientific studies on risk factors for bloodstream infections associated with central venous catheters (CVC) in cancer patients. The research question was formulated according to the PICO framework. An electronic search was conducted on the SciELO digital library, the Virtual Health Library, and the MEDLINE/PubMed databases using the descriptors “cancer”, “infection”, “central venous catheters”, and “risk factors”. A total of 356 publications were identified (356 in PubMed, 00 in the VHL, and 00 in SciELO). Based on the PRISMA guidelines, 32 articles were included in this review. Recent study dates from 2021. The handling of the central catheters by professionals and the administration of parenteral nutrition were the main risk factors for CVC infections. The implementation of basic healthcare and hygiene measures is essential for the prevention and reduction of bloodstream infections associated with central catheters.