bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for missed abortion: retrospective analysis of a single institution’s experience
Authors: Jiang Wei-Zhen , Yang Xi-Lin , Luo Jian-Ru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
To explore the risk factors including the difference between mean gestational sac diameter and crown-rump length for missed abortion.

Methods
Hospitalized patients with missed abortion and patients with continuing pregnancy to the second trimester from Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital from June 2018 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The best cut-off value for age and difference between mean gestational sac diameter and crown-rump length (mGSD-CRL) were obtained by x-tile software. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were adopted to identify the possible risk factors for missed abortion.

Results
Age, gravidity, parity, history of cesarean section, history of recurrent abortion (≥ 3 spontaneous abortions), history of ectopic pregnancy and overweight or obesity (BMI > 24 kg/m2) were related to missed abortion in univariate analysis. However, only age (≥ 30 vs < 30 years: OR = 1.683, 95%CI = 1.017–2.785, P = 0.043, power = 54.4%), BMI (> 24 vs ≤ 24 kg/m2: OR = 2.073, 95%CI = 1.056–4.068, P = 0.034, power = 81.3%) and mGSD-CRL (> 20.0vs ≤ 11.7 mm: OR = 2.960, 95% CI = 1.397–6.273, P = 0.005, power = 98.9%; 11.7 < mGSD-CRL ≤ 20.0vs > 20.0 mm: OR = 0.341, 95%CI = 0.172–0.676, P = 0.002, power = 84.8%) were identified as independent risk factors for missed abortion in multivariate analysis.

Conclusion
Patients with age ≥ 30 years, BMI > 24 kg/m2 or mGSD-CRL > 20 mm had increasing risk for missed abortion, who should be more closely monitored and facilitated with necessary interventions at first trimester or even before conception to reduce the occurrence of missed abortion to have better clinical outcomes.
“Men can take part”: examining men’s role in supporting self-injectable contraception in southern Malawi, a qualitative exploration
Authors: Ruderman Lucy W. , Packer Catherine , Zingani Akuzike , Moses Philemon , Burke Holly M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The male engagement framework for reproductive health, which presents men as family planning users, supportive partners, and agents of change, is being increasingly incorporated into family planning strategies worldwide. We applied this framework to understand the perspectives of and role that men play in supporting the use of self-injection of subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC).

Methods
We conducted a qualitative analysis using data from a study conducted in southern Malawi to develop and test a counseling message to introduce DMPA-SC and self-injection. We conducted 4 focus group discussions (FGD) with male community leaders and partners of DMPA-SC users, 13 interviews and FGDs with public and private sector family planning providers, and 30 interviews with female clients. We explored all participant groups’ perspectives on what could facilitate or prevent women from choosing self-injection, including views on men’s attitudes towards DMPA-SC and self-injection.

Results
Overall, participants expressed ways that men could be engaged as cooperative users, supportive partners, and agents of change, and felt that this would help build a more supportive environment for DMPA-SC self-injection use. Men held favorable opinions of DMPA-SC self-injection: they felt that it is useful, described ways they could actively and emotionally support their partners in its use, and described their role in normalizing it.

Conclusions
We suggest that DMPA-SC self-injection has the potential to be both a female-controlled and a cooperative method, based on the ability for women to use it autonomously and the option to encourage male partner involvement (only where the woman welcomes this). Shifting the conversation from viewing men as a barrier to men as a resource may allow us to harness the social capital of men and transform traditional power dynamics, therefore establishing more enabling environments to support autonomy and choice for DMPA-SC and self-injection use.
Development of a novel peptide to prevent entry of SARS-CoV-2 into lung and olfactory bulb cells of hACE2 expressing mice
Authors: Su Ping , Zhai Dongxu , Wong Albert H. C. , Liu Fang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus that has caused a global pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Currently, there are no effective treatments specifically for COVID-19 infection. The initial step in SARS-CoV-2 infection is attachment to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on the cell surface. We have developed a protein peptide that effectively disrupts the binding between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and ACE2. When delivered by nasal spray, our peptide prevents SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from entering lung and olfactory bulb cells of mice expressing human ACE2. Our peptide represents a potential novel treatment and prophylaxis against COVID-19.
Recruitment and retention of the rural podiatry workforce in Aotearoa New Zealand: a qualitative descriptive study of podiatrist perceptions
Authors: Beeler Erin , Brenton‐Rule Angela , Carroll Matthew 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPast research into the Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) podiatry workforce has indicated a shortage of podiatrists, particularly in rural NZ. However, there has been no research investigating the characteristics of the NZ rural podiatry workforce. This study aimed to explore the factors which contribute to recruitment and retention of primary care podiatrists in rural NZ.MethodsA qualitative descriptive approach was implemented for data collection and analysis. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 15 podiatrists who currently, or previously, worked in a rural podiatry practice. Manifest content analysis was used to analyse participant's responses. A deductive approach was used where data were identified and coded according to predetermined themes from the literature.ResultsFour themes that influenced recruitment and retention were derived from the interviews: (1) professional factors, (2) economic factors, (3) social factors, and (4) external factors. Interviews revealed that clinical inexperience, a sole practice environment, professional and social isolation, and workload pressures combined to affect recruitment and retention. Strong community bonds, family ties, and a rural background were crucial to thrive in the rural setting.ConclusionA sustainable rural podiatry workforce is required to reduce health disparities that exist in NZ rural communities. The study identified that most practitioners entered the rural workforce into self‐employed positions, often shortly following graduation from university. They soon reported feelings of professional isolation due to limited support networks. Practitioners established in the rural workforce noted significant workload stresses. Stresses stemming from an inability to source locums, take time away from work, or recruit new staff to fill vacant positions. Research examining support mechanisms for inexperienced practitioners and targeted strategies to grow the rural workforce and reduce attrition is required.
Diabetes podiatry services for Māori in Aotearoa: a step in the right direction?
Authors: Ihaka B , Rome K , Came H 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMāori with diabetes are at a 65% greater risk of amputation compared to non‐Māori with diabetes. Despite evidence to support the role of podiatrists in reducing diabetes‐related lower limb amputations; the effectiveness of diabetes podiatry services at the community and secondary level to achieve this for Māori is largely unknown. Diabetes podiatry services need to be reorientated and be culturally applicable to Indigenous communities. Transforming diabetes podiatry services and practice may reduce Indigenous amputation rates and improve quality of life for an unserved community.
A benchmark study of deep learning-based multi-omics data fusion methods for cancer
Authors: Leng Dongjin , Zheng Linyi , Wen Yuqi , Zhang Yunhao , Wu Lianlian , Wang Jing , Wang Meihong , Zhang Zhongnan , He Song , Bo Xiaochen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
A fused method using a combination of multi-omics data enables a comprehensive study of complex biological processes and highlights the interrelationship of relevant biomolecules and their functions. Driven by high-throughput sequencing technologies, several promising deep learning methods have been proposed for fusing multi-omics data generated from a large number of samples.

Results
In this study, 16 representative deep learning methods are comprehensively evaluated on simulated, single-cell, and cancer multi-omics datasets. For each of the datasets, two tasks are designed: classification and clustering. The classification performance is evaluated by using three benchmarking metrics including accuracy, F1 macro, and F1 weighted. Meanwhile, the clustering performance is evaluated by using four benchmarking metrics including the Jaccard index (JI), C-index, silhouette score, and Davies Bouldin score. For the cancer multi-omics datasets, the methods’ strength in capturing the association of multi-omics dimensionality reduction results with survival and clinical annotations is further evaluated. The benchmarking results indicate that moGAT achieves the best classification performance. Meanwhile, efmmdVAE, efVAE, and lfmmdVAE show the most promising performance across all complementary contexts in clustering tasks.

Conclusions
Our benchmarking results not only provide a reference for biomedical researchers to choose appropriate deep learning-based multi-omics data fusion methods, but also suggest the future directions for the development of more effective multi-omics data fusion methods. The deep learning frameworks are available at https://github.com/zhenglinyi/DL-mo.
Spun of improvised cis‐1,3,4,6‐tetranitrooctahydroimidazo‐[4,5‐d]-Imidazole (BCHMX) in polystyrene nanofibrous membrane by electrospinning techniques
Authors: Hussein Ahmed K. , Elbeih Ahmed , Mokhtar Mohamed , Abdelhafiz Mahmoud 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDevelopment of ultra-fine fiber technology and nano-sized materials are widely taking place to enhance the characteristic of different materials. In our study, a newly developed technique was used to produce improvised nano energetic fibers with the exploitation of cis‐1,3,4,6‐Tetranitrooctahydroimidazo‐[4,5‐d] imidazole (BCHMX) to spin in a polystyrene nanofiber membrane. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the synthesized nanofibrous polystyrene (PS)/BCHMX sheets with clear and continual fiber were imaged with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Characterization of the produced nanofiber was examined by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Explosive sensitivity was also evaluated by both BAM impact and friction apparatus. Thermal behavior for the synthesized PS/BCHMX fiber and the pure materials were also investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The results show enhancement in the fabrication of nano energetic fibers with a size of 200–460 nm. The TG confirms the high weight percentage of BCHMX which reaches 60% of the total mass. PS/BCHMX fiber was confirmed with the XRD, FTIR spectrum. Interestingly, XRD sharp peaks showed the conversion of amorphous PS via electrospinning into crystalline shape regarding the applied high voltage. The synthesized PS/BCHMX nanofiber was considered insensitive to the mechanical external stimuli; more than 100 J impact energy and  > 360 N initiation force as friction stimuli. PS/BCHMX is considering a candidate tool to deal with highly sensitive explosives safely and securely for explosives detection training purposes.
Multi-omics analyses of MEN1 missense mutations identify disruption of menin–MLL and menin–JunD interactions as critical requirements for molecular pathogenicity
Authors: Dreijerink Koen M. A. , Ozyerli-Goknar Ezgi , Koidl Stefanie , van der Lelij Ewoud J. , van den Heuvel Priscilla , Kooijman Jeffrey J. , Biniossek Martin L. , Rodenburg Kees W. , Nizamuddin Sheikh , Timmers H. T. Marc 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Loss-of-function mutations of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene are causal to the MEN1 tumor syndrome, but they are also commonly found in sporadic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and other types of cancers. The MEN1 gene product, menin, is involved in transcriptional and chromatin regulation, most prominently as an integral component of KMT2A/MLL1 and KMT2B/MLL2 containing COMPASS-like histone H3K4 methyltransferase complexes. In a mutually exclusive fashion, menin also interacts with the JunD subunit of the AP-1 and ATF/CREB transcription factors.

Results
Here, we applied and in silico screening approach for 253 disease-related MEN1 missense mutations in order to select a set of nine menin mutations in surface-exposed residues. The protein interactomes of these mutants were assessed by quantitative mass spectrometry, which indicated that seven of the nine mutants disrupt interactions with both MLL1/MLL2 and JunD complexes. Interestingly, we identified three missense mutations, R52G, E255K and E359K, which predominantly reduce the MLL1 and MLL2 interactions when compared with JunD. This observation was supported by a pronounced loss of binding of the R52G, E255K and E359K mutant proteins at unique MLL1 genomic binding sites with less effect on unique JunD sites.

Conclusions
Our results underline the effects of MEN1 gene mutations in both familial and sporadic tumors of endocrine origin on the interactions of menin with the MLL1 and MLL2 histone H3K4 methyltransferase complexes and with JunD-containing transcription factors. Menin binding pocket mutants R52G, E255K and E359K have differential effects on MLL1/MLL2 and JunD interactions, which translate into differential genomic binding patterns. Our findings encourage future studies addressing the pathophysiological relevance of the separate MLL1/MLL2- and JunD-dependent functions of menin mutants in MEN1 disease model systems.
Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and its outcomes in an aging society: a single-center cohort study in Japan from 2011 to 2020
Authors: Fukuda Wataru , Kadoya Masatoshi , Omoto Atsushi , Yanagida Takuya , Isoda Yu , Sunaga Atsuhiko , Kusuoka Hiroaki , Ueno Kentaro , Morita Satoshi , Kohno Masataka , Kawahito Yutaka 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
We conducted a single-center cohort study of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients from 2011 to 2020 to understand their real world treatment and outcomes, especially changes in physical function and quality of life (QOL) in elderly patients, including those aged ≥ 80 years.

Methods
For RA patients attending our outpatient clinic, we annually recorded tender and swollen joint counts, laboratory findings, therapeutic drugs, and scores from the Japanese Health Assessment Questionnaire and EuroQoL-5 Dimensions questionnaire. We examined changes in treatment and outcomes over time, by age group, in patients enrolled over a 10-year period, from 2011 to 2020.

Results
One thousand eight hundred thirty RA patients were enrolled and data were recorded once a year, and a total of 9299 patient records were evaluated. The average age of patients increased by 3.7 years during the study period; the patients aged rapidly. Intensive pharmacological treatment was more frequent in younger patients. Disease activity, physical function, and QOL showed improvement in all age groups over the study period. Physical function and QOL showed greater changes with aging, compared with disease activity. This may be due to the effects of accumulated RA damage, disability due to aging, and depression.

Conclusions
Intensive pharmacological treatment contributes to not only control of disease activity but also the improvement of physical activity and QOL, even in elderly patients. Relieving age-related physical impairment and depression may improve the QOL of very elderly RA patients.
Global burden of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related liver cancer, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the GBD 2019
Authors: Pang Juan , Chen Ke , Chen Shen , Chen Xu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith the pandemic of metabolic diseases, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence has dramatically elevated. NAFLD encompasses a spectrum of diseases including simple steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can further progress to cirrhosis or liver cancer (LC). However, data are lacking on the burden and trend of NASH-related LC. Here, we analyzed the trends and changes of NASH-related LC burden using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data (1990–2019). In 2019, the global incidence, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths of NASH related LC were 36.3 thousand (95% UI 29.5–44.9), 46.8 thousand (38.2–57.6), 796 thousand (657–976) and 34.7 thousand (28.4–43.2), respectively. The absolute numbers and rates of NASH-related LC incidence, mortality, and DALY significantly elevated from 1990 to 2019. With the age increased, the incidences, DALYs and deaths of NASH-related LC significantly elevated. The incidence and mortality rate of NASH-related LC significantly increased from 2010 to 2019 in individuals aged from 20 to 54 and older than 55 years old. We also found that a large disparity of NASH-related LC burden in different socio-demographic index (SDI) locations. The crude number and the age-standardized rate of incidences, DALYs and deaths was highest in the middle SDI locations and high SDI locations showed the largest increase of NASH-related LC burden from 1990 to 2019. Moreover, the proportion of LC incidences, deaths and DALYs attributed to NASH were 4.74%, 5.30% and 4.25%, respectively in 1990 which were increased by 43.5%, 35.3% and 49.4%, respectively in 2019. Conclusion: The global burden of NASH-related LC and the proportion LC burden attributed to NASH are significantly increasing.
Role of fecal calprotectin as a hypoxic intestinal damage biomarker in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Adriana Deasy Natalia , Sugihartono Titong , Nusi Iswan Abbas , Setiawan Poernomo Boedi , Purbayu Herry , Maimunah Ummi , Kholili Ulfa , Widodo Budi , Thamrin Husin , Vidyani Amie , Maulahela Hasan , Yamaoka Yoshio , Miftahussurur Muhammad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Gastrointestinal manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appear to be substantial. Fecal calprotectin is a promising biomarker in COVID-19 associated gastrointestinal inflammation; however, its role in the severity of COVID-19 remains limited. We conducted a study to analyze the relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and hypoxic intestinal damage.

Methods
We assessed the severity of 44 hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients based on the PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio. Inflammatory markers were measured from blood samples, and fecal calprotectin was obtained from stool samples.

Results
Median levels of fecal calprotectin in COVID-19 patients involved in this study (n = 44) were found to be markedly elevated along with the severity of hypoxemia, as seen in the non-acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) group 21.4 µg/g (5.2–120.9), mild ARDS 54.30 µg/g (5.2–1393.7), moderate ARDS 169.6 µg/g (43.4–640.5), and severe ARDS 451.6 µg/g (364.5–538.6). We also found significant differences in fecal calprotectin levels based on the severity of ARDS (P < 0.001), and although the patients were divided into ARDS and non-ARDS groups (P < 0.001). Furthermore, we found a strong negative correlation between the P/F ratio and fecal calprotectin levels (r = − 0.697, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our findings support the potential role of fecal calprotectin as a biomarker of intestinal inflammation in COVID-19 as a consequence of hypoxic intestinal damage and as suggested by the reduced P/F ratio.
3D-printed mouthpiece adapter for sampling exhaled breath in medical applications
Authors: Pham Y Lan , Beauchamp Jonathan , Clement Alexander , Wiegandt Felix , Holz Olaf 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe growing use of 3D printing in the biomedical sciences demonstrates its utility for a wide range of research and healthcare applications, including its potential implementation in the discipline of breath analysis to overcome current limitations and substantial costs of commercial breath sampling interfaces. This technical note reports on the design and construction of a 3D-printed mouthpiece adapter for sampling exhaled breath using the commercial respiration collector for in-vitro analysis (ReCIVA) device. The paper presents the design and digital workflow transition of the adapter and its fabrication from three commercial resins (Surgical Guide, Tough v5, and BioMed Clear) using a Formlabs Form 3B stereolithography (SLA) printer. The use of the mouthpiece adapter in conjunction with a pulmonary function filter is appraised in comparison to the conventional commercial silicon facemask sampling interface. Besides its lower cost – investment cost of the printing equipment notwithstanding – the 3D-printed adapter has several benefits, including ensuring breath sampling via the mouth, reducing the likelihood of direct contact of the patient with the breath sampling tubes, and being autoclaveable to enable the repeated use of a single adapter, thereby reducing waste and associated environmental burden compared to current one-way disposable facemasks. The novel adapter for breath sampling presented in this technical note represents an additional field of application for 3D printing that further demonstrates its widespread applicability in biomedicine.
Dixon chemical shift MR sequences for demonstrating of bone marrow vertebral metastasis
Authors: Zarad Carmen Ali , Elmaaty Ali Ahmed Abou , Shanab Waleed S. Abo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance and clinical utility of different MR Dixon sequences in the characterization of vertebral metastasis in a patient with a history of malignant neoplasm and compare the results with 18-F FDG PET CT. Patients were subjected to MR imaging of the dorsal and lumbosacral spine (1.5 T MR machine) using conventional MR, T2 Dixon and T1 post-contrast Dixon.

Results
This study involved 40 patients (45% female and 55% male) with 161 metastatic lesions and median age 61.5 years. The sensitivities of T1 post-contrast water-only (WO), fat-only (FO) and opposed-phase (OP) Dixon for diagnosis of vertebral metastasis were 92.6%, 89.4% and 83.1%, respectively, while the sensitivity of T2 (WO, OP) Dixon was 78.3% with 100% specificity for both T1 and T2 Dixon. There were excellent positive clinical utilities of T1 post-contrast WO (0.925), FO (0.894) and OP (0.826) Dixon with the good positive clinical utility of T2 Dixon (0.783) for lesion finding. There were fair negative clinical utilities of T1 WO (0.636) and FO (0.553) Dixon with poor negative clinical utilities of T1 OP (0.429), T2 WO and OP (0.375) Dixon for lesion screening. 15% was the best in-phase/opposed-phase ratio for differentiation between metastatic and benign vertebral lesions.

Conclusions
MR Dixon techniques are sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of vertebral metastasis. T1 post-contrast and T2 Dixons have excellent and good positive clinical utilities for lesion finding with fair and poor negative clinical utilities for lesion screening, respectively.