bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio-inspired conductive adhesive based on calcium-free alginate hydrogels for bioelectronic interfaces
Authors: Perkucin Ivana , Lau Kylie S K , Morshead Cindi M , Naguib Hani E 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Electrode impedance is one of the greatest challenges facing neural interfacing medical devices and the use of electrical stimulation-based therapies in the fields of neurology and regenerative medicine. Maximizing contact between electronics and tissue would allow for more accurate recordings of neural activity and to stimulate with less power in implantable devices as electric signals could be more precisely transferred by a stable interfacial area. Neural environments, inherently wet and ion-rich, present a unique challenge for traditional conductive adhesives. As such, we look to marine mussels that use a 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-L-analine (DOPA)-containing proteinaceous excretion to adhere to a variety of substrates for inspiration. By functionalizing alginate, which is an abundantly available natural polymer, with the catechol residues DOPA contains, we developed a hydrogel-based matrix to which carbon-based nanofiller was added to render it conductive. The synthesized product had adhesive energy within the range of previously reported mussel-based polymers, good electrical properties and was not cytotoxic to brain derived neural precursor cells.
Contrasting ecosystem constraints on seasonal terrestrial CO2 and mean surface air temperature causality projections by the end of the 21st century
Authors: Hagan Daniel F T , Dolman Han A J , Wang Guojie , Sian Kenny T C Lim Kam , Yang Kun , Ullah Waheed , Shen Runping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Two centuries of studies have demonstrated the importance of understanding the interaction between air temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, which can impact the climate system and human life in various ways, and across different timescales. While historical interactions have been consistently studied, the nature of future interactions and the impacts of confounding factors still require more investigation in keeping with the continuous updates of climate projections to the end of the 21st century. Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), like its earlier projects, provides ScenarioMIP multi-model projections to assess the climate under different radiative forcings ranging from a low-end (SSP1–2.6) to a high-end (SSP5–8.5) pathway. In this study, we analyze the localized causal structure of CO2, and near-surface mean air temperature (meanT) interaction for four scenarios from three CMIP6 models using a rigorous multivariate information flow (IF) causality, which can separate the cause from the effect within the interaction (CO2–meanT and meanT–CO2) by measuring the rate of IF between parameters. First, we obtain patterns of the CO2 and meanT causal structures over space and time. We found a contrasting emission-based impact of soil moisture (SM) and vegetation (leaf area index (LAI)) changes on the meanT–CO2 causal patterns. That is, SM influenced CO2 sink regions in SSP1–2.6 and source regions in SSP5–8.5, and vice versa found for LAI influences. On the other hand, they function similarly to constrain the future CO2 impact on meanT. These findings are essential for improving long-term predictability where climate models might be limited.
Excess deaths associated with long-term exposure to ambient NO2 in China
Authors: Qi Ling , Fu Anqi , Duan Xiaoli 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
World Health Organization updated the target of annual mean NO2 from 40 μg m−3 to 10 μg m−3 in 2021 based on new evidences that showed statistically independent effects of long-term exposure to ambient NO2 and mortality. We estimate the excess deaths associated with long-term exposure to ambient NO2 (DAAN) from non-accidental disease (NAD), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and respiratory disease (RD) in China in 2013–2020 using a counterfactual analytic framework adopted by Global Burden Disease. We use relative risk (RR) values based on a meta-analysis, and assume a linear concentration-response (C-R) function and a threshold value of 10 μg m−3. DAAN from NAD vary in 279 (95% Cl: 189–366) to 339 (95% Cl: 231–442) thousand in 2013–2020, comparable to excess deaths attributed to long-term exposure to ambient O3 in China. DAAN from NAD changes by −43%–+220% using different RR values, C-R function shapes, and threshold values. DAAN from RD reduces while those from CVD increases significantly in 2013–2020. DAAN from RD account for ∼10% of total DAAN. We found that the reduction of NO2 concentration and baseline mortality of NAD offsets the adverse effects of population growth and aging in 2013–2017. In 2017–2020, the contribution from air pollution reduction surpasses the adverse effects of population growth and aging in most regions. We suggest that continuing the reduction rate of NO2 emissions in 2013–2020 would offset the effects of population growth and aging in 2020–2030. Faster reduction of NO2 sources is required to reduce DAAN in Liaoning, Shanxi, Shanghai, and Anhui, where DAAN from NAD, CVD and RD increased in 2013–2020. Our results should be interpreted with caution because the causality support of long-term exposure to ambient NO2 on mortality from toxicological studies is not firm yet, and NO2 is possibly just a marker of traffic-related pollutants.
Mid-summer snow-free albedo across the Arctic tundra was mostly stable or increased over the past two decades
Authors: Plekhanova Elena , Kim Jin-Soo , Oehri Jacqueline , Erb Angela , Schaaf Crystal , Schaepman-Strub Gabriela 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Arctic vegetation changes, such as increasing shrub-cover, are expected to accelerate climate warming through increased absorption of incoming radiation and corresponding decrease in summer shortwave albedo. Here we analyze mid-summer shortwave land-surface albedo and its change across the pan-Arctic region based on MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite observations over the past two decades (2000–2021). In contrast to expectations, we show that terrestrial mid-summer shortwave albedo has not significantly changed in 82% of the pan-Arctic region, while 14% show an increase and 4% a decrease. The total median significant change was 0.014 over the past 22 years. By analyzing the visible and near-/shortwave-infrared range separately, we demonstrate that the slight increase arises from an albedo increase in the near-/shortwave infrared domain while being partly compensated by a decrease in visible albedo. A similar response was found across different tundra vegetation types. We argue that this increase in reflectance is typical with increasing biomass as a result of increased multiple reflection in the canopy. However, CMIP6 global land surface model albedo predictions showed the opposite sign and different spatial patterns of snow-free summer albedo change compared to satellite-derived results. We suggest that a more sophisticated vegetation parametrization might reduce this discrepancy, and provide albedo estimates per vegetation type.
Origin of the spontaneous oscillations in a simplified coagulation-fragmentation system driven by a source
Authors: Fortin Jean-Yves 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We consider a system of aggregated clusters of particles, subjected to coagulation and fragmentation processes with mass dependent rates. Each monomer particle can aggregate with larger clusters, and each cluster can fragment into individual monomers with a rate directly proportional to the aggregation rate. The dynamics of the cluster densities is governed by a set of Smoluchowski equations, and we consider the addition of a source of monomers at constant rate. The whole dynamics can be reduced to solving a unique non-linear differential equation which displays self-oscillations in a specific range of parameters, and for a number of distinct clusters in the system large enough. This collective phenomenon is due to the presence of a fluctuating damping coefficient and is closely related to the Liénard self-oscillation mechanism observed in a more general class of physical systems such as the van der Pol oscillator.
Algebraic area enumeration for open lattice walks
Authors: Ouvry Stéphane , Polychronakos Alexios P 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We calculate the number of open walks of fixed length and algebraic area on a square planar lattice by an extension of the operator method used for the enumeration of closed walks. The open walk area is defined by closing the walks with a straight line across their endpoints and can assume half-integer values in lattice cell units. We also derive the length and area counting of walks with endpoints on specific straight lines and outline an approach for dealing with walks with fully fixed endpoints.
Effects of reduced measurements independence on self-testing
Authors: Li Xinhui , Wang Yukun , Han Yunguang , Zhu Shi-Ning 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Self-testing, which refers to device independent characterization of the state and the measurement, has been intensively studied in quantum information theory. One of the implicit assumptions in self-testing theorem is, measurement settings should be chosen randomly and independently by each party. The relaxation of this assumption potentially gives untrusted device providers the power to control the device with no quantum feature, even fake the quantum behavior by using the classical strategies within the device. In this paper, we analyze the effects of the reduced measurements independence on self-testing two-qubit entangled states based on the violation of Bell inequalities. By assuming adversary’s capabilities, we show to achieve the maximum CHSH violation in this case, four different state-measurements preparations should be provided. Without run information one could not really self-test the underlying system in each run anymore, but it must be equal with one of four entangled systems up to local unitaries.
Bundle theoretic descriptions of massive single-particle state spaces; with a view toward relativistic quantum information theory
Authors: Lee Heon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Relativistic Quantum Information Theory (RQI) is a flourishing research area of physics, yet, there has been no systematic mathematical treatment of the field. In this paper, we suggest bundle theoretic descriptions of massive single-particle state spaces, which are basic building blocks of RQI. In the language of bundle theory, one can construct a vector bundle over the set of all possible motion states of a massive particle, in whose fibers the moving particle’s internal quantum state as perceived by a fixed inertial observer is encoded. A link between the usual Hilbert space description is provided by a generalized induced representation construction on the L
2-section space of the bundle. The aim of this paper is two-fold. One is to communicate the basic ideas of RQI to mathematicians and the other is to suggest an improved formalism for single-particle state spaces that encompasses all known massive particles including those which have never been dealt with in the RQI literature. Some of the theoretical implications of the formalism will be explored at the end of the paper.
Calculation model of spaciousness in rooms with windows-Experimental procedure for spaciousness evaluation using VR-
Authors: Nishihara S , Okada M , Miyake H , Yamaguchi H , Yoshizawa N 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Spaciousness is an important psychophysical value of space which has impacts on building occupants’ satisfaction and wellness. Previous research revealed through subjective experiments in spaces without windows that spaciousness is affected not only by the physical volume of space but also by lighting environment, and the effect can be estimated with a calculation model with average luminance and “dark-part-reduced visible volume”. The purpose of this study is to expand the scope of the calculation model to spaces with windows through subjective experiment, and for that, to improve the experimental procedure for steady comparison of various spaces in size avoiding stimulus range bias. We determined “typical standard conditions” as three sizes of simple rectangular spaces with uniform general lighting to cover experiments which use comparative condition spaces in visible volume of 10m3-2490m3. These are created with Virtual Reality to enable subjects to compare spaces apart from each other in reality, and to reduce the cost of preparing various spaces. We conducted a subjective experiment with this improved procedure in a room with windows and revealed that the accuracy of calculation model can be improved by additionally considering configuration factors of windows and applying different weighting factors to the volume corresponding to the windows.
Bio-mimetic Approaches to Kinetic Facades: A Design Proposal for a Light-Responsive Facade Module.
Authors: Scavée Anastasiia , Triantafyllidis Georgios , Palamas George 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Facades are important for controlling light entering a building and ensuring optimal conditions for occupants. But light can also cause discomfort, such as glare and overheating. Natural light changes with the time of day, the weather, and the season. Creating a responsive structure can enhance the visual quality and energy efficiency. Because of their properties, kinetic facades can react to various stimuli, such as heat and sunlight. In this paper, we discuss bio-mimetic approaches to kinetic facades and how they can be used to develop a design proposal for the light-responsive facade module. Motors drive most kinetic facades, which adds to the maintenance costs, thus,shape memory alloys (SMAs) are investigated as actuators. Facades should be visually appealing and reflect the bio-mimetic concept of the project while allowing natural light to pass through. The results show that the suggested solutions are both feasible and aesthetically pleasing, thus comparable to traditional kinetic facade workflows. In conclusion, if bio-mimicry is to be used in large-scale construction, it is imperative that it is examined for the effects of different environmental conditions on bio-mimetic patterns.
Relationship between the gaze point movement and spatial brightness
Authors: Kage H , Harimoto K , Ishiwata Y , Yoshizawa N 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study aims to verify the relationship between the spatial brightness evaluation and average luminance on a moving gaze point tracking by targeting offices with different luminance distributions. Subjects wearing eye-tracking devices evaluate the spatial brightness of the various light environments displayed on a large screen display. In the results, the tendency for gazing at the window is found to be high as compared to the other parts. The average luminance is calculated by integrating the time on the path of the moving gaze point. Furthermore, we analyse the relationship between the average luminance of each part of the light environment on the display and the brightness evaluation value. The average luminance considering the movement of the gaze point at the time of brightness evaluation has higher explanatory power,0.305, for the spatial brightness than the average luminance,0.259, in the entire visual field area. In contrast, the explanatory power of brightness evaluation was not improved drastically, even considering the gazing time and luminance. In future, the relationship between the evaluation of the spatial brightness and the gaze point/gaze time can be analysed by considering the absolute value of the luminance of the window surface and the luminance ratio with the surroundings.
Balanced Brightness Levels: Exploring how lighting affects humans’ experiences of architectural and social urban contexts.
Authors: Hvass Mette , Hansen Ellen Kathrine 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper explores how lighting and darkness influence human experiences of architectural and social public urban contexts in dark hours. Tram stations in Aarhus, Denmark, are used as cases to investigate how brightness levels influence human sensory experience of the local space, the surroundings, co-presence with other people, and the activities performed in a specific context. Furthermore, this paper describes a transdisciplinary process, where methods from natural science, social science and arts/humanities are combined in three pre-analyses and a main field experiment. Lighting is often related to safety while darkness is related to fear. However, the findings from the main field experiment of this project indicate that lower and balanced brightness levels can sharpen our senses and create a relaxed atmosphere. Additionally, lower brightness levels enrich perceptions of and connections with spatial and social surroundings, thereby increasing perceived safety. We argue for context specific field experiments based on pre-analyses and the use of a transdisciplinary process, for drawing nearer to people’s immediate senses when exploring experiences of urban lighting. The ultimate goal of the studies is to inspire to solutions that exploit the architectural and social potential of lighting by lowering and balancing brightness levels, all while reducing energy use and light pollution.
Dynamic Lighting and Natural Ventilation in Patient Rooms at New Psychiatry Bispebjerg
Authors: Volf C , Martiny K , Petersen PM , Corell D D , Dam-Hansen C 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper presents preliminary results of analyzes of the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in a full scale rotatable 1:1 mockup of a patient room. As initial part of the planning of the indoor environment at a new mental hospital, the project seeks to uncover the natural differences and limitations of the building, caused by the geographical orientation. Examining the outdoor diurnal variations and their effect on the indoor environment, in order to create a balance between on the one hand, daylight and artificial lighting and on the other hand the demand for passive cooling, using natural ventilation. The analysis discuss potential health aspects of daylight and fresh air and proposes a new strategy for dynamic artificial lighting, including natural ventilation to supplement mechanical ventilation. In this article we uncover daylight conditions based on two main parameters; 1) the geographic orientation (N, S, E and W) and 2) the season (summer and winter). Based on the preliminary data and the regional daylight conditions, the article proposes a new way to plan the indoor environmental quality called Lattitude and Orientation Compensated Architectural Lighting (LOCAL).
Artificial light(ing) or electric light(ing)?
Authors: Favero Federico , Besenecker Ute 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Researchers and designers use the words “artificial” or “electric” to describe lighting products, design, or research related practices, and there appear to be differing opinions about which is the more appropriate term. Generally, there are challenges with a common use of language and vocabulary in interdisciplinary research and this might be also valid for design and research in lighting design across different disciplines. The authors were educated in opposing practices of using “electric” lighting vs “artificial” lighting; this started a discussion and the conceptualization of this article. The paper explores, summarizes and discusses through literature review and a survey the concepts described and conveyed by both terms in different disciplines. Interestingly we could find differences among and between disciplines and professional backgrounds. This might indicate that the education and nomenclature in the field influences the use of terms. We found a tendency to refer to light sources either in terms of the energy used to generate the light, e.g. electric light or gaslight, but also in terms of the effect that it evokes, e.g. candle light is defined natural. Generally, a common lighting glossary could be developed through continuous discussion and studies. As today’s complex questions are discussed in interdisciplinary teams, a common language might promote effective communication and stimulate sustainable solutions.
Urban-Centric Lighting Task Group: Tactical Lighting as an innovation strategy
Authors: Barberá A , Teixidó B 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present article describes a perspective on tactical urban lighting and its power as a source for disruption and innovation in the field of urban lighting. It is the result of an applied research that is currently being carried out by a task group formed by technicians, planners, managers and designers from different private companies and public institutions with responsibility and expertise in public lighting and urban planning. The group objective is to explore innovative methods and state of the art technology implementations as a practical application of the evidence-based knowledge in the field of artificial lighting for the sake of health and well-being. The definition of health is extended, as the concept of well-being includes the urban space as an ecosystem. There is also a fundamental source of awareness that comes from social sciences about how the built environment design promotes well-being, or else constitutes a hazard for health. After a definition phase for the methodologies and the technology that would need to be developed, the task group is focused on developing new products and planning a prototype installation on a real playground. A tactical, lightweight intervention in an urban green area in the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona is designed to implement, test, and communicate these innovative methods. Once the experiment is validated, a collaboration with public authorities will allow to introduce innovative perspectives in street lighting. Having received support from local’s regional government innovation programmes, through a competitiveness strengthening initiative, the project is partly funded by the European Commission.
Some mechanical characterization of the Sandakan formation’s sandstone, Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Moneey R , Rahim I A , Musta B 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This work defines the mechanical characteristics of slightly weathered sandstone belonging to sedimentary Sandakan formation in Sandakan, Sabah. The mechanical properties of uniaxial compressive strength, shear strength (includes basic and peak friction angle and cohesion) was determined by the uniaxial compressive strength test, direct shear test, tilt test and triaxial compressive strength test. The slightly weathered very fine sandstone gave higher strength but lower in basic friction angle than slightly weathered fine sandstone. The basic friction angle for very fine and fine sandstone are 28° and 33°, respectively. The value of peak friction angle and cohesion of intact rock by the triaxial compressive strength test (52-58° and 2-4 MPa) is higher than direct shear test (16-20° and 0.25-4.00 MPa) of fine sandstone rock mass (for planar surface).