bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro physicochemical characterization of five root canal sealers and their influence on an ex vivo oral multi‐species biofilm community
Authors: Saavedra Flavia M. , Pelepenko Lauter E. , Boyle William S. , Zhang Anqi , Staley Christopher , Herzberg Mark C. , Marciano Marina A. , Lima Bruno P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the physicochemical properties of five root canal sealers and assess their effect on an ex vivo dental plaque‐derived polymicrobial community.MethodologyDental plaque‐derived microbial communities were exposed to the sealers (AH Plus [AHP], GuttaFlow Bioseal [GFB], Endoseal MTA [ESM], Bio‐C sealer [BCS] and BioRoot RCS [BRR]) for 3, 6 and 18 h. The sealers' effect on the biofilm biomass and metabolic activity was quantified using crystal violet (CV) staining and MTT assay, respectively. Biofilm community composition and morphology were assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), 16S rRNA sequencing and scanning electron microscopy. The ISO6876:2012 specifications were followed to determine the setting time, radiopacity, flowability and solubility. Obturated acrylic teeth were used to assess the sealers' effect on pH. Surface chemical characterization was performed using SEM with coupled energy‐dispersive spectroscopy. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test. One‐way anova and Tukey's tests were used to analyze data from setting time, radiopacity, flowability and solubility. Two‐way anova and Dunnett's tests were used for the data analysis from CV, MTT and pH. 16S rRNA sequencing data were analyzed for alpha (Shannon index and Chao analysis) and beta diversity (Bray–Curtis dissimilarities). Differences in community composition were evaluated by analysis of similarity (p < .05).ResultsThe sealers significantly influenced microbial community composition and morphology. All sealers complied with ISO6876:2012 requirements for setting time, radiopacity and flowability. Although only AHP effectively reduced the biofilm biomass, all sealers, except BRR, reduced biofilm metabolic activity.ConclusionDespite adequate physical properties, none of the sealers tested prevented biofilm growth. Significant changes in community composition were observed. If observed in vivo, these changes could affect intracanal microbial survival, pathogenicity and treatment outcomes.
Association between NAD+ levels and anaemia among women in community‐based study
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhang Xuguang , Hu Feifei , Yu Ye , Luo Lei , Deng Xuan , Zhao Yuzheng , Pan Bo , Zheng Jinping , Qiu Yugang , Guo Jun , Xiao Feng , Xie Xiaomei , Ju Zhenyu , Zhou Yong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) level is the protective factor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In addition, anaemia is a risk factor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in women. However, there are limited data about the association between NAD+ and anaemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate association of NAD+ with anaemia among women. A total of 727 females from Jidong community were included in the current analysis. NAD+ levels were tested by the cycling assay and HPLC assay using whole blood samples. Anaemia was determined by haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, and the subtypes of anaemia were further defined according to mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in blood. Multivariable logistic analysis was used to analyse the association between NAD+ levels and anaemia or its subtypes. The mean age of recruited subjects was 42.7 years. The proportion of anaemia by NAD+ levels quartiles were 19.7% (35/178), 4.8% (9/189), 3.4% (6/178) and 2.7% (5/182). Haematological parameters including haemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red blood count (RBC) increased over NAD+ quartiles. Red cell volume distribution width (RDW) decreased over NAD+ quartiles. Compared with the lowest quartile of NAD+ levels (<27.6μM), the adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals of the top quartile were 0.15 (0.06–0.41) for anaemia, 0.05 (0.01–0.36) for microcytic anaemia and 0.37 (0.10–1.36) for normocytic anaemia respectively. Higher NAD+ levels were significantly associated with lower prevalence of anaemia among women, especially microcytic anaemia and normocytic anaemia. Haematological parameters might serve as a predictor of the blood NAD+ levels.
Effects of the energy transition on environmental impacts of cobalt supply: A prospective life cycle assessment study on future supply of cobalt
Authors: van der Meide Marc , Harpprecht Carina , Northey Stephen , Yang Yongxiang , Steubing Bernhard 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCobalt is considered a key metal in the energy transition, and demand is expected to increase substantially by 2050. This demand is for an important part because of cobalt use in (electric vehicle) batteries. This study investigated the environmental impacts of the production of cobalt and how these could change in the future. We modeled possible future developments in the cobalt supply chain using four variables: (v1) ore grade, (v2) primary market shares, (v3) secondary market shares, and (v4) energy transition. These variables are driven by two metal‐demand scenarios, which we derived from scenarios from the shared socioeconomic pathways, a “business as usual” (BAU) and a “sustainable development” (SD) scenario. We estimated future environmental impacts of cobalt supply by 2050 under these two scenarios using prospective life cycle assessment. We found that the environmental impacts of cobalt production could likely increase and are strongly dependent on the recycling market share and the overall energy transition. The results showed that under the BAU scenario, climate change impacts per unit of cobalt production could increase by 9% by 2050 compared to 2010, while they decreased by 28% under the SD scenario. This comes at a trade‐off to other impacts like human toxicity, which could strongly increase in the SD scenario (112% increase) compared to the BAU scenario (71% increase). Furthermore, we found that the energy transition could offset most of the increase of climate change impacts induced by a near doubling in cobalt demand in 2050 between the two scenarios.
Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in stage III endometrial cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Guo , Li He , Tian Zhao , Li Xiaoping , Wang Zhiqi , Liang Xudong , Wang Yue , Shen Xiaoyan , Wang Jianliu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo discuss the impact of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on the survival of patients with stage III endometrial cancer (EC) compared with chemotherapy (CT) alone.MethodsArticles involving adjuvant CRT versus CT on survival in stage III EC were retrieved from PubMed and EMBASE. Hazard ratios (HRs) of overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) were collected and pooled, and publication bias was measured by Begg's and Egger's test. Quality of researches was measured by the Newcastle–Ottawa scale and the modified Jadad scale.ResultsEleven were included in the statistical analysis. A significant advantage of CRT over CT on OS was shown (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.49–0.70). Further subgroup analysis suggested the advantage was mostly associated with stage IIIC (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.52, 0.76]). A similar result favoring CRT was also reached on RFS (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.47–0.93). No significant publication bias was observed.ConclusionCRT was associated with a better OS and RFS than CT alone in stage III EC patients.
Uterine papillary serous and clear cell carcinomas: Comparison of characteristics and clinical outcomes
Authors: Yuce Sari Sezin , Guler Ozan Cem , Oymak Ezgi , Gultekin Melis , Yigit Ecem , Kahvecioglu Alper , Yuce Kunter , Celik Husnu , Usubutun Alp , Bolat Filiz , Onal Cem , Yildiz Ferah 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo assess the rate of disease control and survival after adjuvant treatment in patients with uterine papillary serous (PSC) and clear cell carcinoma (CCC) and compare the results between these two subtypes.MethodsThe medical charts of 199 patients with de novo uterine PSC or CCC who underwent radiotherapy (RT) following surgery between 2001 and 2019 in three radiation oncology departments were retrospectively evaluated. Adjuvant treatment was decided by a multidisciplinary tumor board. All patients were planned to undergo adjuvant 4–6 cycles of chemotherapy with external beam RT (EBRT) and/or vaginal brachytherapy (VBT).ResultsMedian age was 63 years for all, 64 years for PSC, and 59 years for CCC, respectively. Complete surgical staging was applied in 98% of patients. Histopathologic subtype was PSC in 142 (71%) and pure CCC in 57 (29%) patients, respectively. FIGO stage was I in 107 (54%), II in 35 (18%), and III in 57 (28%) patients, respectively. Lympho‐vascular space invasion and positive peritoneal cytology (PPC) were present in 42% and 10% of patients, respectively. All patients but 23 (12%) underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. Median follow‐up was 49.5 months for all patients, 43.9 months for patients with PSC, and 90.4 months for patients with CCC, respectively. During follow‐up, 20 (10%) patients developed pelvic recurrence (PR) and 37 (19%) developed distant metastasis (DM). PSC subtype increased the PR and DM rates, although the latter not statistically significant. The 5‐year overall survival and disease‐free survival rate was 73% and 69% for all patients, 71% and 66% for patients with PSC, and 77% and 75% for patients with CCC, respectively. The difference was more prominent in patients with stage ≥ IB disease. In multivariate analysis, advanced age and PPC significantly decreased all survival rates.ConclusionPSC has a worse prognosis than CCC with regard to pelvic and distant recurrence with a trend for decreased survival rates. Therefore, a more aggressive therapy is needed for patients with uterine PSC, particularly in patients with stage ≥ IB disease.
Maternal serum adiponectin and leptin levels and their gene expression, postpartum body mass index, and breastfeeding duration based on mode of delivery: A prospective study
Authors: Parvanehvar Simin , Tehranian Najmeh , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan , Mozdarani Hossein , Hedayati Mehdi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdipokines are involved in inflammatory responses, associated with body mass index whose concentrations may change in response to inflammatory conditions, including surgery and delivery. We examined adiponectin and leptin levels and their gene expression at birth, body mass index, and breastfeeding duration at 24 months postpartum according to mode of delivery.MethodsIn this study, 90 normal pregnant women were investigated. Blood samples were collected after delivery. Serum levels and gene expression of adiponectin and leptin were evaluated. Body mass index and breastfeeding duration were calculated at 24 months postpartum. Data were analyzed using SPSS‐16 and p < 0.05 was considered as significant.ResultsSerum leptin level was significantly higher in vaginal delivery than in cesarean section (p = 0.033). No significant difference was found between two groups regarding adiponectin level and gene expression, while leptin gene expression was significantly higher in cesarean (p = 0.005). Postpartum body mass index did not differ between the two groups (p = 0.14). On the other hand, postpartum body mass index was significantly higher than the equivalent prepregnancy index in both groups (p < 0.001) and was associated with serum leptin and adiponectin in vaginal delivery (r = 0.46, p = 0.001, and r = −0.3, p = 0.04, respectively). The duration of breastfeeding was longer in vaginal delivery (p = 0.008).ConclusionCesarean section was associated with lower maternal leptin levels and shorter breast‐feeding duration compared to vaginal delivery. Leptin gene expression was significantly higher in cesarean section than in vaginal delivery. Postpartum body mass index, adiponectin level, and gene expression did not differ between the two groups.
Incidence and detection of wilting pathogen and Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) in Pakistan
Authors: Nisa Syeda Gul , Farooq Muhammad Asad , Iqbal Umer , Fatima Amama , Ahmad Zimen , Tabassam Sania , Waseem Sundus , Tassadaq Shumyle , Haroon Urooj , Chaudhary Hassan Javed , Munis Muhammad Farooq Hussain 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is a perennial grass, and it is cultivated worldwide for sugar and bioethanol production. During 2020–2021, countrywide field surveys were conducted and indicated the incidence of numerous phytopathogens in sugarcane crop. Infected sugarcane plants showed stunted growth, wilting, leaf yellowing and mosaic pattern in major sugarcane growing provinces of Pakistan (Sindh, Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). Diseased plants were collected for the isolation of diseases‐causing pathogen. Wilted canes were cut and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media, and after few days, pathogen was successfully grown on media. Based on fungal morphology and DNA sequence analysis, it was characterized and identified as Fusarium sacchari. Diseased sugarcane samples, showing mosaic symptoms, were collected from 57 locations and were subjected to ELISA test. Out of 570 symptomatic samples, 40 samples were tested positive for Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV). These results revealed a higher disease incidence rate (7.01%) of SCMV. This is the first report of countrywide incidence of SCMV in Pakistan.
Exploring children's embodied story experiences: a toolkit for research and practice
Authors: Kuzmičová Anežka , Supa Markéta , Segi Lukavská Jana , Novák Filip 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLiteracy research and practice are invigorated by evidence that stories enhance empathy and concentration. Both benefits are associated with attending to inner sensory states afforded by stories. Yet children are rarely asked about how stories, steeped as they are in characters' bodily actions, affect them in bodily terms. We have conducted a qualitative study inviting 9‐ to 12‐year‐olds (N = 19) to share their embodied story experiences. To this end, we developed a toolkit of story excerpts and activities supported with bespoke props that can be adopted in research but also in classrooms and other practice. The toolkit was tested in school‐based focus groups (accompanied by in‐class observations) and home‐based individual interviews. We introduce the toolkit and discuss some of the key prerequisites of its use. Further, we present three main types of embodiment statements provided by our participants: what‐statements about the trigger of one's embodied experience, how‐statements about the sensory or motor quality of the experience and what‐and‐how statements combining both aspects. We consider the distinct potentials of these statement types for fostering children's embodied self‐awareness and story awareness in educational settings and beyond.
Perioperative management for people with kidney failure receiving dialysis: A scoping review
Authors: Harrison Tyrone G. , Hemmelgarn Brenda R. , Farragher Janine F. , O'Rielly Connor , Donald Maoliosa , James Matthew T. , McCaughey Deirdre , Ruzycki Shannon M. , Zarnke Kelly B. , Ronksley Paul E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeople with kidney failure receiving dialysis (CKD‐G5D) are more likely to undergo surgery and experience poorer postoperative outcomes than those without kidney failure. In this scoping review, we aimed to systematically identify and summarize perioperative strategies, protocols, pathways, and interventions that have been studied or implemented for people with CKD‐G5D.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Controlled Trials registry (inception to February 2020), in addition to an extensive grey literature search, for sources that reported on a perioperative strategy to guide management for people with CKD‐G5D. We summarized the overall study characteristics and perioperative management strategies and identified evidence gaps based on surgery type and perioperative domain. Publication trends over time were assessed, stratified by surgery type and study design.ResultsWe included 183 studies; the most common study design was a randomized controlled trial (27%), with 67% of publications focused on either kidney transplantation or dialysis vascular access. Transplant‐related studies often focused on fluid and volume management strategies and risk stratification, whereas dialysis vascular access studies focused most often on imaging. The number of publications increased over time, across all surgery types, though driven by non‐randomized study designs.ConclusionsDespite many current gaps in perioperative research for patients with CKD‐G5D, evidence generation supporting perioperative management is increasing, with recent growth driven primarily by non‐randomized studies. Our review may inform organization of evidence‐based strategies into perioperative care pathways where evidence is available while also highlighting gaps that future perioperative research can address.
Novel or not? Reference alleles, genes, and genomes to unmask the true nature of the ABO*AW.10 allele associated with weak A phenotype
Authors: Gassner Christoph , Olsson Martin L. , Lane William J. , Hyland Catherine A. 
Published: April 2022

See letter on page 918–920, in this issueSee letter on page 920–921, in this issue
Foamy macrophages potentially inhibit tuberculous wound healing by inhibiting the TLRs/NF‐κB signalling pathway
Authors: Wang Peng , Yin Bin , Zhang Zexin , Mao Shuting , Bao Wu , Lian Wenqin , Fan Yueying , Hong Chao , Su Yingjun , Jia Chiyu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo characterise the distribution, classification, and quantity of foamy macrophages (FMs) in tuberculous wound tissue and the relationship between FM and delayed healing of tuberculous wounds. Morphological studies were performed to explore the distribution of FM and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in tuberculous wounds, with acute and chronic wounds included for comparison. Phorbol‐12‐myristate‐13‐acetate stimulation‐differentiated THP‐1 cells were treated with Mtb to induce their differentiation into FM with oxidised low‐density lipoprotein treatment serving as a control. Relative cytokine levels were determined by quantitative PCR and Western blotting. Varied co‐culture combinations of Mtb, THP‐1, FM, and fibroblasts were performed, and proliferation, migration, ability to contract collagen gel, and protein levels of the chemokines in the supernatants of the fibroblasts were assessed. The differentially expressed genes in human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) after co‐culture with or without FM were identified using microarray. Many FM were found in the tissues of tuberculous wounds. The FM that did not engulf Mtb (NM‐FM) were mainly distributed in tissues surrounding tuberculous wounds, whereas the FM that engulfed Mtb (M‐FM) were dominantly located within granulomatous tissues. Co‐culture experiments showed that, with the Mtb co‐culture, the portions of NM‐FM in the total FM grew over time. The migration, proliferation, chemokine secretion, and the ability of fibroblasts to contract collagen gel were inhibited when co‐cultured with Mtb, FM, or a combination of the two. Further investigation showed that the TLRs/NF‐κB signalling pathway is involved in fibroblast function under the stimulation of FM. TLRs and NF‐κB agonists could reverse the phenotypic changes in HSFs after co‐culture with FM. The tuberculous wound microenvironment composed of Mtb and FM may affect wound healing by inhibiting the functions of fibroblasts. FM potentially inhibit fibroblasts' function by inhibiting the TLRs/NF‐κB signalling pathway in tuberculous wounds.
Radiotherapy-Related Neurologic Complications in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Multicenter Epidemiologic Study in Southern China
Authors: Pan Tong , Li Xiangping , Zhao Bin , Zhang Chengguo , Rong Xiaoming , Qin Chao , Wen Guoqiang , Wu Wenjun , Wang Hongxuan , Lu Kui , Zhou Haihong , Peng Ying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background:
We aim at describing the incidence, potential predisposing factors, and progression of major radiotherapy-related neurologic complications (RRNC) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)-endemic regions, especially southern China.

Methods:
We performed a multicenter longitudinal retrospective study with clinical follow-ups in 22,302 patients with post-radiotherapy NPC between January 2003 and June 2017 covering three major residential areas. Epidemiology, potential predisposing/protective factors, clinicopathologic progression, and survival conditions of each RRNC were separately recorded and analyzed on the basis of their related clinical, radiologic, and laboratory parameters.

Results:
949 new cases of RRNCs occurred among the 22,302 patients with post-radiotherapy NPC during 101,714 person years’ follow-up, which is equal to an incidence density rate of 9.3 new cases per 1000 person year. Radiation-induced cranial nerve palsy showed the highest incidence (2.68%, 597/22,302) with the earliest onset (median latency, 4.45 years) as well. Patients benefited from intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) over conventional radiotherapy (CRT) in both overall survival (median survival 13.2 years for IMRT vs. 8.3 years for CRT) and RRNC-free survival (except for epilepsy and cranial nerve palsy). Causes of death varied substantially between patients with or without RRNCs.

Conclusions:
Our study indicates a non-negligible incidence of RRNC spectrum in southern China in the past ten years. IMRT is one of the most significant protectors against development and progression of RRNCs.

Impact:
Our findings support the hypothesis that patients with NPC with preexisting predispositions would receive long-term benefits from IMRT and other dose-related modulations (like hyperfractionation and dose conformation).
Evaluating the Feasibility of Screening Relatives of Patients Affected by Nonsyndromic Thoracic Aortic Diseases: The REST Study
Authors: Abbasciano Riccardo Giuseppe , Mariscalco Giovanni , Barwell Julian , Owens Gareth , Zakkar Mustafa , Joel‐David Lathishia , Pathak Suraj , Adebayo Adewale , Shannon Nora , Haines Rebecca Louise , Aujla Hardeep , Eagle‐Hemming Bryony , Kumar Tracy , Lai Florence , Wozniak Marcin , Murphy Gavin 
Published: April 2022

Background
Diseases of the thoracic aorta are characterized by a familial etiology in up to 30% of the cases. Nonsyndromic thoracic aorta diseases (NS‐TADs) lack overt clinical signs and systemic features, which hinder early detection and prompt surgical intervention. We hypothesize that tailored genetic testing and imaging of first‐degree and second‐degree relatives of patients affected by NS‐TADs may enable early diagnosis and allow appropriate surveillance or intervention.

Methods and Results
We conducted a feasibility study involving probands affected by familial or sporadic NS‐TADs who had undergone surgery, which also offered screening to their relatives. Each participant underwent a combined imaging (echocardiogram and magnetic resonance imaging) and genetic (whole exome sequencing) evaluation, together with physical examination and psychological assessment. The study population included 16 probands (8 sporadic, 8 familial) and 54 relatives (41 first‐degree and 13 second‐degree relatives) with median age 48 years (range: 18–85 years). No syndromic physical features were observed. Imaging revealed mild‐to‐moderate aortic dilation in 24% of relatives. A genetic variant of uncertain significance was identified in 3 families. Imaging, further phenotyping, or a form of secondary prevention was indicated in 68% of the relatives in the familial group and 54% in the sporadic group. No participants fulfilled criteria for aortic surgery. No differences between baseline and 3‐month follow‐up scores for depression, anxiety, and self‐reported quality of life were observed.

Conclusions
In NS‐TADs, imaging tests, genetic counseling, and family screening yielded positive results in up to 1 out of 4 screened relatives, including those in the sporadic NS‐TAD group.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03861741.