bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogeography and population genetics of a headwater-stream adapted crayfish, Cambarus pristinus (Decapoda: Cambaridae), from the Cumberland Plateau in Tennessee
Authors: Grubb Brooke A , Johansen John W. , Blanton Rebecca E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Assessments of genetic diversity for imperiled species can provide a baseline for determining the relative impacts of contemporary anthropogenic threats (e.g., habitat fragmentation) on population connectivity and identifying historical factors contributing to population structure. We conducted a population genetics and phylogeographic assessment of the imperiled Pristine Crayfish (Cambarus pristinus) sampled throughout its range encompassing two morphologically distinct forms. Pristine Crayfish exhibit a disjunct distribution throughout lower order tributaries suggesting they are headwater-adapted species. The two morphologically distinct forms of the Pristine Crayfish are found in the upper Caney Fork (nominal Caney Fork form) and the Big Brush Creek and Cane Creek systems (Sequatchie form). We used 19 microsatellite loci and the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene to assess population connectivity and genetic diversity of the Pristine Crayfish. Haplotypes recovered from the COI gene revealed that historic connectivity was maintained within each form of the Pristine Crayfish. However, the divergence between forms was high (2.3%), suggesting each form is on an independent evolutionary trajectory, which supports recognition of the Sequatchie form as a distinct taxon. Microsatellite analyses for the Caney Fork form recovered a high degree of population isolation and support for six genetically isolated population. In addition, genetic diversity metrics per population and for the Caney Fork form were low suggesting that the Caney Fork form is at an increased risk of extinction under anthropogenic disturbances. We suggest that each form receive continued listing protection and conservation resources and that the Sequatchie form be treated as a unique taxon.
A novel design method for TPMS lattice structures with complex contour based on moving elements method
Authors: Ma Xiangyu , Zhang David Zhengwen , Yu Xuewei , Ren Zhihao , Mao Shenglan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Over the past few decades, there have been many important achievements on the design, research and development of minimal surface lattice structures. In this work, we propose a modeling method for triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) lattice structures with complex contours. This method is based on moving elements method (MEM) and mainly includes the following parts, such as dividing the model mesh, solving the iso-surface of the TPMS in the model, obtaining the TPMS lattice structure triangular surface of the model outline, integrating the interior of the model and the outline, and finally generating an STL file that can be used for additive manufacturing. Furthermore, the representative femur model, rabbit model and gear model are provided as case studies to verify the validity and correctness of the proposed modeling method. Then, this approach is compared with the distance field method in terms of modeling speed and modeling accuracy. The research results show that the modeling method proposed in this paper has certain advantages in the generation of complex model lattice structures. Moreover, this method provides technical means and simulation data for designing TPMS lattice structures with complex contour, and offers the underlying design ideas for the development and application of the excellent physical properties of TPMS lattice structures in medicine and engineering.
Catalyzing Success in Community-based Conservation
Authors: Fariss Brandie , DeMello Nicole , Powlen Kathryn A. , Latimer Christopher E. , Masuda Yuta , Kennedy Christina M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Efforts to devolve rights and engage Indigenous Peoples and local communities in conservation have increased the demand for evidence of the efficacy of community-based conservation (CBC) and insights into what enables its success. We curated a diverse sample of 128 projects reporting both human well-being and environmental outcomes and coded 57 national-level, community-level, project-level, and control variables. We found that over 80% of CBC projects had some positive human well-being or environmental outcomes, but only 32% achieved positive outcomes for both. Applying random forest classification, we found that the best predictors of combined success could be distilled to 17 variables representative of various policy levers and actionable opportunities for conservation practitioners related to national contexts, community characteristics, and the implementation of various strategies and interventions informed by existing CBC frameworks. We found that CBC projects had higher probabilities of combined success when they occurred in national contexts supportive of effective local governance, partnered with communities inclined toward collective action, acknowledged conflict or trust issues that could undermine it, promoted economic diversification, and invested in various capacity-building interventions, providing important insights into how to encourage greater success in CBC.
BertSRC: BERT-based Semantic Relation Classification
Authors: Lee Yeawon , Son Jinseok , Song Min 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The relationship between biomedical entities is complex, and many relationships have not yet been identified. By applying semantic relation classification techniques to the accumulated biomedical literature, existing relationships between biomedical entities that can help to infer previously unknown relationships are efficiently grasped. To develop semantic relation classification models, constructing a training dataset that is manually annotated by biomedical experts with semantic relationships among biomedical entities, such as genes, diseases, and compounds, is essential. In this paper, we aim to build such a dataset. To validate the usability of the training dataset and to improve the performance of the relation extraction task, we built a relation classification model based on bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) trained on our dataset, applying our newly proposed fine-tuning methodology. In experiments comparing performance among several models based on different deep learning algorithms, our model with the proposed fine-tuning methodology showed the best performance. The experimental results show that the constructed training dataset is an important information resource for the development and evaluation of semantic relationship extraction models. Furthermore, relationship extraction performance can be improved by integrating our proposed fine-tuning methodology into semantic relation algorithms. Therefore, this can lead to the promotion of future text mining research in the biomedical field.
Analysis in the Influence Factors of Urethroplasty in DSD
Authors: Yu Jing , Zhang Weiping , Sun Ning , Song Hongcheng , Li Minglei , Gong Chunxiu , Li Lele 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective To explore the risk factors of urethroplasty among patients with Disorder of Sex Development (DSD).Method We reviewed patients with DSD who underwent urethroplasty from January 2016 to December 2019 retrospectively. Patients were divided into four groups: the successful group, the urethrocutaneous fistula group, the urethral diverticulum group, and the urethral stricture group. Risk factors were determined from the following data included the DSD classification, the age of first operation, length of urethral defect, degree of hypospadias, cryptorchidism, micropenis, gonad type, hormone therapy before operation, transposition of penis and scrotum, surgical strategy, urethral covering material, and postoperative catheter removal time. We explored the difference of each factor between four groups through the comparative study of single factor and multifactor logistic regression analysis of related factors.Result 122 cases were enrolled in this group (n = 122), 12 cases were lost to follow-up. Median follow-up was 28months(12 months - 55 months）.We found the success rate of operation decreased with longer urethral defect (B=-0.473, P=0.005). The success rate of operation was higher in staged operation and TPIT-related operation than primary operation (B=1.238, P=0.006）and TPIT-nonrelated operation (B=2.293, P=0.001) . Although there was a significant difference between the age of the first operation and the occurrence of urethrocutaneous fistula (P=0.006<0.05), there was no significant difference in logistic regression analysis（P=0.161 > 0.05）. The incidence of urethrocutaneous fistula was lower in TPIT-related operation than in TPIT-nonrelated operation(B=-2.507, P=0.000) . The incidence of postoperative urethral diverticulum was lower in staged operation than in primary operation (B=-1.737 P=0.015). Conclusion For patients with Disorder of Sex Development undergoing urethroplasty, the length of urethral defect is an independent risk factor affecting both the success rate of operation and the urethrocutaneous fistula. The age of the first operation has a statistically significant effect on the occurrence of postoperative urethrocutaneous fistula, but it is not an independent factor. Urethrocutaneous fistula is less found in TPIT-related operation in the study. Staged operation is an independent protective factor for postoperative urethral diverticulum compared with one-stage operation but isn’t related to urethrocutaneous fistula.
The Relationship Between the Effectiveness of Heparin Administration and Hypercoagulation Complications in Hospitalized Patients With Confirmed COVID-19
Authors: Fachri Muhammad , Hatta Mochammad , Tarigan Sefia Nabila Nur Azmi , Akapura Risky , Dwiyanti Ressy , Syukri Ahmad , Junita Ade Rifka , Febrianty Andini 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Thrombotic complications of COVID-19 are a worrisome aspect of the disease due to its high incidence in critically ill patients and poor clinical manifestations. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the effectiveness of heparin administration and complications of hypercoagulation in hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19.Method: This research was analytically observational. The study design used was a retrospective cohort approach of pre- and post-tests. This study used secondary data taken from medical records of inpatients with confirmed COVID-19 at Islamic Hospital Jakarta Sukapura. The total sampling technique was used. Result: There were 98 study subjects, with 35 patients receiving UFH and 63 patients receiving LMWH (fondaparinux). Most of the subjects were women (52%), with the most common age group being >60 years (30.6%). In the UFH group, the greatest decrease (0.01±0.5 g FEU/mL) was observed in 12 patients (34.3%). In the LMWH group (fondaparinux), the greatest decrease (0.01±0.5 g FEU/mL) was observed in 15 patients (23.8%). Additionally, there was no significant difference between UFH and fondaparinux (p 0.193) in hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 for the period of August 2020 – August 2021. Most inpatients with confirmed COVID-19 at RSIJ Sukapura were aged 50-59 years and were women. Conclusion: There was a tendency toward increased D-dimer values, normal PT values, normal APTT values, and increased fibrinogen values in each COVID-19 patient, but there was no statistically significant relationship. There was also no significant relationship between the D-dimer and APTT parameters, whereas the PT parameter showed a significant relationship in confirmed COVID-19 inpatients.
Effect of Positive end-Expiratory Pressure on Pulmonary Compliance and Pulmonary Complications in Patients Undergoing Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: NI LIFENG , Chen Menglan , Huang Ling’er , Wang Kuirong , Zhou Yanfeng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To observe the effects of different levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation strategies on pulmonary compliance and complications in patients undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostate surgery.
Methods
A total of 120 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Class I or II who underwent elective robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into three groups of 40 patients each: control (PEEP = 0 cmH2O), low-level (PEEP = 5 cmH2O), and high-level (PEEP = 10 cmH2O). Volume control ventilation with an intraoperative deep muscle relaxation strategy was used intraoperatively. Respiratory mechanics indexes were recorded at six time points: 10 min after anesthesia induction, immediately after pneumoperitoneum establishment, 30 min, 1 h, 1.5 h, and at the end of pneumoperitoneum (T1-T6). Arterial blood gas analysis and oxygenation index calculation were performed at T1, T4, and after tracheal extubation (T7). Postoperative pulmonary complications were also recorded.
Results
After pneumoperitoneum, peak inspiratory pressure (Ppeak), plateau pressure (Pplat), mean pressure (Pmean), driving pressure (ΔP), and airway resistance (Raw) increased significantly and pulmonary compliance (Crs) decreased, persisting during pneumoperitoneum in all groups. Between T2–T5, the low-level group had the highest Crs value and the lowestΔP (driving pressure) value relative to the high-level and control groups (P < 0.05). At T4 and T7, the PaCO2 and PaO2/FiO2 did not significantly differ among the three groups. There was no significant difference in postoperative pulmonary complications among the three groups.
Conclusion
High levels of intraoperative PEEP increased lung compliance without significantly reducing postoperative pulmonary complications.
Downregulated FPR2 expression in the epileptogenic foci of focal cortical dysplasia type IIb and tuberous sclerosis complex patients
Authors: Liu Shiyong , Huang Kaixuan , Wang Zhongke , He Zeng , Li Yang , Li Shujing , Shen Kaifeng , Zhu Gang , Liu Zhonghong , Lv Shengqing , Zhang Chunqing , Yang Hui , Yang Xiaolin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Focal cortical dysplasia IIb (FCDIIb) and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) are classic pathological forms of refractory epilepsy. Increasing evidence has shown that inflammation resolution plays an important role in epilepsy. G-protein coupled formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) resolves inflammation and promotes neurodevelopment by binding with resolvin D1 (RvD1), which indicates that FPR2 may be involved in epilepsy associated with FCDIIb and TSC. In this study, the expression of FPR2 and RvD1 was decreased in the epileptogenic focus and was negatively correlated with seizure frequency in FCDIIb and TSC patients. FPR2 was more widely distributed in neurons and microglia than astrocytes. Moreover, the expression levels of the RvD1 synthases 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and 15-LOX were decreased in the context of FCDIIb and TSC. Activation of the NF-κB pathway in an vitro epilepsy model was inhibited by FPR2 activation using RvD1, but the FPR2 antagonist WRW4 exerted the opposite effect. Taken together, our results showed that the decreases in RvD1 and FPR2 were involved in FCDIIb and TSC with epilepsy and that FPR2 activation mediated by RvD1 contributed to inhibiting the inflammatory signaling pathway, suggesting that FPR2 activation may have a potential antiepileptic effect by restricting neuroinflammation in FCDIIb and TSC.
Different concentrations of albumin versus crystalloid in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Geng Li , Tian Xiaoxue , Gao Zifeng , Mao Aiqin , He Chao , Feng Lei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The best type of resuscitation fluids for severe sepsis and septic shock patients remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evalute the effacy of different concentrations of albumin on reducing the mortality rate of theses patients by meta-analysis.
Methods
PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were used for screening the relevant studies. Ramdonized controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible if they compared the effects of albumin with crystalloid on mortality in severe sepsis and septic shock patients. Data were examined and extracted by two reviewers independently. Any disagreements were resolved by consensus with or without the help from a third reviewer. Data including mortality, sample size of the patients and resuscitation endpoints were extracted. Meta-analysis was carried out using STATA version 16.0, based on the corresponding odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.
Results
Eight studies with a total of 5124 severe sepsis patients and 3482 septic shock patients were included in this study. Compared with crystalloid, the use of albumin slightly reduced the 90-day mortality of severe sepsis patients [OR 0.91 (0.80, 1.02); P = 0.11] and significantly improved the outcome of septic shock patients [OR 0.85 (0.74, 0.99); P = 0.04]. Further analysis showed a potentially benenifical role of both 4–5% and 20% albumin on reducing the mortality of severe sepsis patients. The use of 20% albumin significantly decreased the 90-day mortality of septic shock patients [OR 0.81 (0.67, 0.98); P = 0.03], which was better than 4–5% albumin and crystalloid.
Conclusions
Albumin treatment, particularly 20% albumin, significantly reduced the 90-day mortality in septic shock patients. Either 4–5% or 20% of albumin may work better than crystalloid in improving the survival rate of patients with severe sepsis, but more relative RCTs are required for validation.
Short and Long-term Consequences/results of Covered Stents in Children for the Management of Complex Coarctation of the Aorta
Authors: Mortezayian Hojat , Ghaemi Hamidreza , Moradian Maryam , Khalili Yasaman , Haas Nikolaus A , Rahimzadeh Fereshteh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The use of covered stents in cases of complex coarctation of the Aorta is now increasing. However, its long-term benefits for children, adolescents and young adults remain unclear. We assessed the long-term results of covered stents in children with complex coarctation of the Aorta. Methods: Forty-seven children with complex coarctation of the Aorta treated with covered stents were retrospectively assessed. The patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months to evaluate the long-term outcome. Results: The most common indications for using covered stent were long segment coarctation of the Aorta plus hypoplasia of the aortic arch (23.4%) followed by coarctation of the Aorta with PDA (23.4%) and interrupted aortic arch (19.1%). A single stent was used in 87.2%, two and three covered stents were used in 10.6% and 2.1%, respectively. During follow-up, short-term procedural complications were detected in 25.5% included isolated residual coarctation of the Aorta in 25.0%, followed by residual coarctation of the Aorta plus closure of the left subclavian artery in 16.6%. Short-term complications were femoral artery dissection (8.3%), femoral artery thrombosis (8.3%), stent dislocation and closure of left subclavian artery (8.3%), residual COA and closure of left subclavian artery (16.6%), residual COA (25%), endoleak (8.3%), endoleak and pseudoaneurysm (8.3%), endoteliaztion (8.3%) and retroperitoneal hematoma (8.3%). In long-term following-up, 10.6% showed significant complications including endoleak, residual hypertension, and residual coarctation. Overall, 25.6% underwent re-dilation successfully. Conclusion: The covered stent can be used as an effective and uncomplicated treatment in children with complex coarctation of the Aorta.
Beta Zone Parapapillary Atrophy in Elderly Chinese
Authors: Zhou Ling Xiao , Shao Lei , Zhou Wen Da , Xu Liang , Li Rong , Wei Wen Bin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Assess the beta zone parapapillary atrophy in elderly Chinese.Patients and methods: The Beijing Eye Study 2011 is a population-based cross-sectional study，which includes 3468 patients with the average age of 64.5±9.8 years. The beta zone of parapapillary atrophy was captured and analyzed morphometrically by using colour optic disc photographs.Results: The beta zone was found in 1358 (39.9%) eyes, measuring 0.37± 0.84mm2 in size, 203.5±81.8° in circumferential angle, 0.36±0.27mm in the maximum radial extent, the most often and longest in the temporal peripapillary region, followed by the temporal inferior region and the temporal superior region, the nasal region at least. Beta zone has statistically significant association with male gender (P=0.001), myopic refractive error (P=0.003), thinner retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (P＜0.001), thinner subfoveal choroidal thickness (P＜0.001), bigger size of optic disc size (P＜0.001). The size of beta zone has statistically significant association with longer axial length (P=0.004)，increasing age (P＜0.001), urban (P=0.025), cardiovascular disease history (P=0.025), without age related macular degeneration (P=0.038), myopic ametropia (P＜0.001), thinner retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (P=0.001), thinner subfoveal choroidal thickness (P＜0.001), bigger size of optic disc size (P=0.001).Conclusion: The population prevalence of beta zone was 39.9% in elderly Chinese. The area of the beta zone has statistically significant association with age, urban, the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer, age related macular degeneration, cardiovascular disease history, axial length, myopic refractive error, size of optic disc size, the thickness of subfoveal choroidal.
Soil compaction drives an intra-genotype Leaf Economics Spectrum in wine grapes
Authors: Martin Adam , Mariani Rachel , Cathline Kimberley A. , Duncan Michael , Paroshy Nicholas J. , Robertson Gavin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose Intraspecific trait variation is a critical determinant of ecosystem processes, especially in agroecosystems where single species or genotypes exist in very high abundances. Yet to date only a small number of studies have evaluated if, how, or why traits forming the Leaf Economics Spectrum (LES) vary within crops, despite such studies informing our understanding of: 1) the environmental factors that drive crop LES trait variation; and 2) how domestication has altered LES traits in crops vs. wild plants.Methods We assess intragenotype variation in LES traits in ‘Chardonnay’ (Vitis vinifera)—among the world’s most commercially important crops, across a soil compaction gradient: one of the most prominent characteristics of agricultural soils that may drive crop trait variation.Results ‘Chardonnay’ traits covary along an intragenotype LES in patterns that were qualitatively similar to those observed among wild plants: resource acquiring vines expressed a combination of high mass-based photosynthesis (Amass), mass-based dark respiration (Rmass), leaf nitrogen concentrations (N), coupled with low leaf mass per area (LMA); the opposite set of trait values defined the resource conserving end of the ‘Chardonnay’ LES. Traits related to resource acquisition (Amass, Rmass, and leaf N) declined with greater bulk density, while traits related to investment in leaf construction costs (LMA) increased with greater bulk density.Conclusion Our findings uncover a deeper understanding of both the domestication syndromes in grapevines, and expand our understanding of trait-based crop responses to environmental change and gradients.