bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
奈良公園の鹿が関係した外傷症例49例の検討：記述疫学研究(Deer–related 49 trauma cases around Nara Park: descriptive epidemiological study)
Authors: (Ryosuke Kawaguchi) 川口　 竜助 , (Takeshi Ando) 安藤　 剛 , (Yasunobu Goto) 後藤　 安宣 
Published: April 2022

要旨2014年1月1日～2018年12月31日の5年間に奈良公園およびその周辺に生息するニホンジカ（以下「奈良のシカ」）が関係した外傷による当院への救急搬送症例の特徴を記述疫学的に検討した。計49例の搬送があり，男性18名，女性31名で，5年間で3.6倍に増加していた。平均年齢は男性15.3±23.3歳，女性35.1±25.1歳と差を認めており，男性は5歳以下が67%を占め成人男性の搬送は少なかった。奈良市の居住者よりも，旅行者が86%と圧倒的に多かった。打撲傷が80%を占めていたが不安定型骨盤骨折などの入院を要する症例も含まれていた。受傷機転は角や体当たりによる外傷が59%，咬傷が4%，鹿との接触がなく鹿の接近を契機に人が転倒するなどして受傷した症例が31%，車両乗車中の鹿に関係した交通事故が6%であった。救急搬送された「奈良のシカ」による人への外傷症例の特徴として，犬外傷と同様に男児の受傷が多い傾向があるが，比較して咬傷は少なく，直接鹿との接触がないのに外傷を負う受傷形態があることが明らかになった。
複合的指標に基づく重症外傷患者選別基準とアンダートリアージの低下(Composite criteria for identification of severely injured patients and decreased undertriage)
Authors: (Keitaro Yajima) 矢島　 慶太郎 , (Ryo Yamamoto) 山元　 良 , (Tomohiro Funabiki) 船曳　 知弘 , (Mitsuhide Kitano) 北野　 光秀 , (Junichi Sasaki) 佐々木　 淳一 
Published: April 2022

要旨【目的】重症外傷の病院前選別ではアンダートリアージの減少が予後改善に寄与するとされているが，本邦では病院前の重症外傷選定基準に関する研究は少ない。そこで，受傷機転と生理学的・解剖学的所見による複合的基準が重症外傷のアンダートリアージ減少に関連しているか検証した。【対象】2016年10月からの2年間に横浜市指定4区で発生した外傷患者を対象に，後ろ向き観察研究を行った。現場から搬送され入院あるいは外来死亡した症例の中で，来院時心肺停止を除外し解析を行った。研究期間前半はショックを伴う頸胸腹損傷・両側大腿骨骨折を重症外傷と判定し（基準A），後半は高リスク受傷機転および生理学的・解剖学的異常所見を複合的に用いて判定した（基準B）。基準を満たさず搬送され重症外傷と診断された症例をアンダートリアージとし，各基準のアンダートリアージ率を比較した。【結果】539例の対象症例のうち，基準A運用期間は281例，基準B運用期間は258例であった。年齢や重症度は両期間とも相似していたが，緊急手術は基準B運用期間で多かった。アンダートリアージ率は，基準Aで27.6%，基準Bで18.1%であり，基準Bで有意に低かった（p=0.04）。【結語】外傷患者の搬送プロトコールにおいて，受傷機転，生理学的所見，および解剖学的所見を複合的に用いた重症患者選別基準がアンダートリアージの減少につながることが示唆された。
シートベルトにより生じた鈍的腹部大動脈損傷の2例(Prevalent sites and conditions of blunt abdominal aortic injury caused by seat belt: Case series)
Authors: (Jun Maruyama) 丸山 潤 , (Daisuke Kobashi) 小橋 大輔 , (Mitsunobu Nakamura) 中村 光伸 , (Tomoya Nishimura) 西村 朋也 , (Yoshihiko Takahashi) 高橋 慶彦 
Published: April 2022

要旨　シートベルトによる鈍的腹部大動脈損傷（BAAI）は死亡率が高く，また，見逃されやすい。今回，シートベルトにより生じたと考えられるBAAIを2例経験した。症例1：30才男性，ガードレールに衝突し受傷した。シートベルト痕，腸間膜損傷，第2腰椎骨折，BAAIを認め，腸間膜損傷に対し開腹止血術を施行，BAAIについては第9病日にステントグラフト内挿術を施行した。症例2：77才女性，ガードレールに衝突し受傷した。シートベルト痕，肝損傷，膵損傷，小腸損傷，腰椎骨折，BAAIを認めた。ガーゼパッキングと小腸穿孔部の縫合を行い，BAAIは保存的に管理した。いずれの症例もCTでシートベルト痕と思われる皮下組織の濃度上昇，腹腔内臓器損傷，腰椎骨折を認め，ともに第2/3腰椎椎間板高位でのBAAIを認めた。シートベルト痕，腸管・腸間膜損傷，腰椎骨折を3徴とするシートベルト症候群ではBAAIを考慮した画像評価を行う必要があること，シートベルトによるBAAIは第2–3腰椎高位が好発部位であることが示唆された。
VV–ECMO施行中の難治性気胸に対して気管支充填術と胸膜癒着術に肺完全虚脱管理を行い治癒し得た1例(Successful treatment by managing a completely collapsed lung with bronchial occlusion and pleurodesis in a patient with refractory pneumothorax during VV–ECMO: a case report)
Authors: (Ryutaro Tojo) 東條 隆太郎 , (Ryuichiro Kakizaki) 柿崎 隆一郎 , (Naofumi Bunya) 文屋 尚史 , (Hirotoshi Mizuno) 水野 浩利 , (Shuji Uemura) 上村 修二 , (Eichi Narimatsu) 成松 英智 
Published: April 2022

要旨　症例は49歳の男性。2週間前から感冒症状が出現し近医で肺炎と診断され抗菌薬加療していた。呼吸苦が増悪したため救急要請され，著明な低酸素血症を認め当院に搬送された。重症急性呼吸窮迫症候群（acute respiratory distress syndrome: ARDS）を認め人工呼吸器管理を行ったが低酸素血症の改善を認めず，第１病日よりveno–venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation（VV–ECMO）を導入した。第9病日にECMO回路交換時に心停止を来し胸骨圧迫が行われ，その合併症として大量血気胸を生じた。開胸止血術や肺部分切除を行い止血したが，気胸再発を認め保存的加療では改善を得られなかった。第26病日より気管支充填剤EWS（endobronchial Watanabe spigot）を用いた気管支充填と胸膜癒着術を行い，1週間患側肺を完全に虚脱させ呼吸をECMOに依存させることで気胸治療に専念した。その後気胸は再燃なく経過し，徐々に呼吸状態も改善し，第53病日にECMOを離脱し，第67病日にリハビリテーション目的に転院となった。VV–ECMO施行中に気胸を合併した際に，ECMOに呼吸を依存させ気胸治療に専念することは有用である。
新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID–19）に伴う難治性大量下痢症の1例(A case of refractory massive diarrhea in a patient with COVID–19)
Authors: (Kentaro Shimizu) 清水 健太郎 , (Haruhiko Hirata) 平田 陽彦 , (Natsuko Tokuhira) 德平 夏子 , (Akiko Ueda) 上田 安希子 , (Daisuke Motooka) 元岡 大祐 , (Shota Nakamura) 中村 昇太 , (Hiroshi Ogura) 小倉 裕司 
Published: April 2022

要旨　新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID–19）は下痢などの消化器症状を引き起こすことが知られている。本報告では，難治性大量下痢症例とその腸内細菌叢の推移を報告する。症例は60代の男性。呼吸苦で救急搬送された。新型コロナウイルス感染症と診断され，呼吸不全に対して，人工呼吸管理，extracorporeal membrane oxygenation（ECMO），抗ウイルス薬，抗菌薬を開始した。第12病日より下痢を認め，第21病日には6,384mL/日の水様下痢に至り，循環動態を維持するために大量の輸液および昇圧薬を要する状態となった。吸着薬，ペクチン含有濃厚流動食品，シンバイオティクスを使用することで下痢量は翌日より減少に転じ，第30病日以降は1,000mL/日以下となった。下痢便のメタゲノム解析では，ほとんどがFirmicutes門のEnterococcus属，Staphylococcus属で占められていた。健常人の最優勢菌の一つであるBacteroides属は1%以下と腸内細菌叢は劇的に変化していた。その後，下痢は1日数回になったが症状は残存したまま第104病日に転棟となった。重症COVID–19に伴い肺炎治療のみならず消化器合併症に対する腸管内治療を要する症例を経験した。本例のような大量下痢症には吸着薬などの腸管内治療が効果的であった。
VA–ECMOを用いて救命し得た重症日本紅斑熱による敗血症性ショックの１例(Septic shock due to severe Japanese spotted fever that could be saved by using VA–ECMO: a case report)
Authors: (Nao Yamamoto) 山本　 奈緒 , (Masao Narita) 成田　 正雄 , (Chikako Hiwatari) 樋渡　 智香子 , (Kiyotaka Yano) 矢野　 清崇 
Published: April 2022

要旨日本紅斑熱はリケッチア感染症の一種であり，しばしば重症化し死亡報告例もある。切迫心停止にまで至った状態から体外式膜型人工肺（VA–ECMO）を用いて救命された症例の報告はなく，その経過と治療経験について報告する。症例は70歳代の女性，来院2週間前より自宅周辺の草刈りをしていた。発熱，倦怠感により前医を受診し，肝酵素上昇などから胆道系感染症を疑われ，当院へ紹介，救急搬送された。右大腿外側部に刺し口を疑わせる痂皮を認め，リケッチア敗血症が疑われた。しかし入院後は急速に状態悪化し，第2病日に気管挿管呼吸器管理とし，ICU入室となった。その後もショックは進行し，心エコーではたこつぼ様の壁運動を認めた。血液浄化療法を含めた集中治療管理を行ったが血行動態はさらに悪化し心停止の切迫する状態となったため，VA–ECMOを導入した。その後，血行動態は安定化し，第5病日には左室壁運動は著明に改善がみられた。第6病日にVA–ECMOを離脱した。第8病日に抜管した。その後，入院中にペア血清および痂皮PCR法により日本紅斑熱の診断が確認された。リハビリ目的に第58病日に転院となった。重症日本紅斑熱による敗血症性ショックの治療としてVA–ECMOは有効な選択肢となりうると考えられた。
妊娠中期に重症化した新型コロナウイルス感染症に対して集学的加療を行い母子ともに救命した1例(A case of a pregnant woman with severe COVID–19 who was treated by multidisciplinary therapy)
Authors: (Tatsuya Harada) 原田 巽矢 , (Satoyuki Ogino) 荻野 聡之 , (Shunkichi Sasazawa) 笹沢 俊吉 , (Fumio Asano) 浅野 史男 , (Shinji Tanigaki) 谷垣 伸治 , (Yasuhiko Kaita) 海田 賢彦 , (Yoshihiro Yamaguchi) 山口 芳裕 
Published: April 2022

要旨妊婦は，新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID–19）が重症化するリスクが高く，母子ともに生命の危機に瀕するため注意が必要である。今回妊娠中期に重症化したCOVID–19患者に対して胎児の在胎週数を鑑み，集学的加療を行い良好な転帰を得た症例を経験したので報告する。症例は30歳代の女性，COVID–19発症7日目（妊娠27週6日）に重症化し翌日当院に転院搬送された。在胎週数を延ばすため腹臥位療法を導入，第2病日に人工呼吸器管理とし，腹臥位でPaO2/FiO2（P/F）比200以上を保てていたが，第8病日にP/F比120と悪化し，妊娠29週を越え，胎児の発育も良好であったことから帝王切開術を行った。第9病日にP/F比85まで増悪したため静脈–静脈体外式膜型人工肺（venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: VV–ECMO）を導入した。合併症として帝王切開術創部に血腫を認めたため，血腫除去，動脈塞栓術を実施し止血を得た。その後呼吸状態は安定し第22病日にVV–ECMOを，第24病日に人工呼吸器を離脱し，第62病日に自宅退院とした。胎児は1,479gの極低出生体重児であったが，発達の異常なく経過し日齢79日に体重3,213gで自宅退院とした。妊娠中期に重症化したCOVID–19症例においては，在胎週数を念頭に入れた集学的な加療が必要である。
Phylogenetic analysis of BKV genetic variations, based on the whole sequence of the genome and different genomic sections
Authors: Rahimi Baghi Fatemeh , Harzandi Naser , Moniri Afshin , Nadji Seyed A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBK polyomavirus (BKV) primarily infects humans in their early life stages, and in later life stages, immunosuppressed patients may develop asymptomatic infections. The nucleotides 1744–1812 in the VP1 gene are traditionally used to determine this virus's genotype. The complete genome of the BKV samples from patients referred to Masih Daneshvari Hospital's Virology Research Center was amplified by previously known primer sets. The phylogenetic diversity of the whole genome, different genomic sections, and the noncoding control region of BKV samples were investigated. Using software Mega X and references, the samples' genotype was determined in separate genomic fragments and the whole genome. The samples were classified into two genotypes (I and IV) and five subtypes (Ia, Ib‐1, Ib‐2, IVc‐1, and IVc‐2), but none of the isolates belonged to genotypes II, III, V, or VI. The large T antigen‐based phylogenetic tree provided 100% bootstrap values for these divisions, which were superior to those (96%–100%) used in the VP1 sequence. Among the genomic segments, large tumor antigen and VP1 had the most mutations. The noncoding control area contained mutations at the O41 position in the granulocyte/macrophage stimulus gene and the P31 position in the NF‐1 gene. The validity of the phylogenetic analysis was supported by sequence analysis, which found single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that could be useful for subclassifying isolates. More research with a large number of samples and in the wider geographical areas is needed to understand the genetic diversity of the BKV in Iran and also to determine these SNPs' clinical significance in terms of patient outcome and viral load dynamics.
Chinese parents’ caregiving ability for children with haematological malignancies: A latent class analysis
Authors: Wang Jingting , Bi Xuanyi , Wang Jichuan , Gu Ying , Zheng Xianlan , Wang Yingwen , Wu Huifang , Yang Qi , Ma Linyu , Liu Fang , Yuan Changrong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to identify unobserved subgroups of Chinese parents’ caregiving ability for children with haematological malignancies and examine the associations of the latent class membership with individual characteristics.DesignA multicentre cross‐sectional survey study was conducted.MethodsA total of 392 parents of children with haematological malignancies in China were surveyed with the Hematologic Malignancies’ Family Caregiver Skills Scale and a study‐specific demographic information questionnaire. Latent class analysis (LCA) and multinomial logistic regression model were applied in data analysis.ResultsLCA results suggested that there existed three distinct a priori unknown classes of parents of children with haematological malignancies in regard to caregiving ability: Class 1—“high caregiving ability” class (n = 131, 33.4%), Class 2—“medium caregiving ability” class (n = 170, 43.4%) and Class 3—“low caregiving ability” class (n = 91, 23.2%). Socio‐demographics and clinical characteristics had significant associations with the latent class membership.
Prenatal diagnosis of microcephaly as shown by plateauing of head circumference growth during the 3rd trimester in a fetus with a CCND2 inverse growth variant
Authors: Malinger Gustavo , Haratz Krajden Karina , Brinbaum Roee , Tsur Erez , Berger Racheli , Shohat Mordechai 
Published: April 2022

Key pointsWhat's already known?

Variants in CCND2 gene are known to cause syndromic macrocephaly. Recently inverse growth proximal variants were described in five individuals with microcephaly.

What does this study add?

CCND2 loss of function distal variants can cause fetal microcephaly.
Extending the degrees of freedom in laser beam microwelding
Authors: Häusler André , Hummel Marc 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUsing spatial and temporal power modulation, new degrees of freedom can be gained in process efficiency, quality and seam geometry, which are of particular interest for the increasing requirements of electromobility in the production of battery cells and power electronics. Through the targeted synchronization of these two compensation methods, synergies can be used and any limitations that may arise can be overcome.
Chinese laser market under the new globalization
Authors: Gu Bo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Chinese industrial laser market continued to grow in 2021 despite Covid‐19, tariff barriers, and disrupted global supply chains. It is becoming more challenging than ever for laser and photonics companies to navigate in this world's largest growing market while serious tension between the US and China still remains, and potentially worsens. We present here the annual performance of the Chinese laser market in 2021, underline some of the developments and trends, and provide some strategies to navigate the Chinese laser market under the new world order. We forecast that the Chinese laser market will have another double‐digit growth in 2022.
Solvolytic behavior of some ferrocenylphenylmethyl‐4‐methoxypyridinium cations in various solvents
Authors: Jurić Sandra 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe nucleofugalities of 4‐methoxypyridine (4‐OMePy) in pure and aqueous solvents were derived from the rate constants for SN1 solvolysis with respect to the corresponding ferrocenylphenylmethyl‐4‐methoxypyridinium salts by applying the linear free energy relationship (LFER) equation, log k (25°C) = sf (Nf + Ef). In more polar solvents, pyridinium ions become more stabilized by solvation in the reactant ground state than in the corresponding transition state and the reactivity (nucleofugality, Nf) of 4‐OMePy decreases increasing solvent polarity. Due to the strong electron‐donor effect of the ferrocenyl group, it seems that 4‐methoxypyridine is a somewhat better leaving group (stronger nucleofuge) if the substrate is benzhydryl‐4‐methoxypyridinium salts rather than ferrocenylphenylmethyl‐4‐methoxypyridinium salts. Given that the electron‐withdrawing substituents on the 4‐position of the pyridine ring increase the rate of the heterolysis step of solvolysis for benzhydryl and ferrocenylphenylmethyl pyridinium salts, the Nf value of substituted pyridine decreases in order Nf (4‐ClPy) > Nf (Py) > Nf (4‐MePy) > Nf (4‐OMePy) across in all examined solvents.
Compressive strength and impact resistance of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete exposed to elevated temperatures
Authors: Krishna Arathi , Kaliyaperumal Saravana Raja Mohan , Kathirvel Parthiban 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive experimental investigation to explore the effect of synthetic and natural fibers, both individual and hybrid, on the strength properties and impact resistance of concrete exposed to different elevated temperatures (27, 200, 400, and 800°C). The influence of steel, polypropylene, and sisal fibers on compressive strength and impact resistance under the elevated temperature was investigated, and a comparison was made with conventional concrete. Apart from mono‐fiber reinforced concrete, the resistance of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete containing steel‐polypropylene and sisal fibers in different hybrid combinations to impact loading and compressive strength was also evaluated. The results revealed that the incorporation of fibers helps in improving the mechanical properties of concrete both at ambient and elevated temperatures. Finally, this study confirms that mono steel fibers can be replaced with a hybrid mix containing natural fiber to improve concrete's residual hardened properties and fire resistance.
The effect of price on cigarette consumption among youth in Indonesia: Implications for tobacco tax policy
Authors: Fauzi Ridhwan , Pongpanich Sathirakorn 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to estimate cigarette price elasticity among youth in Indonesia. We used a two‐part model to estimate the impact of price on smoking participation and smoking intensity on smokers. Data were obtained from National Socioeconomic Survey or Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019, and 2020. This study included males and females aged 15–24 years from all districts. We controlled for socioeconomic variables such as age, sex, education, working status, marital status, wealth quintile, place of residence, geographical region, and year of the survey. Price was negatively associated with cigarette consumption. The estimated total cigarette price elasticity was approximately −0.6740, meaning a 10% increase in price would reduce cigarette consumption by 6.74%. We also found that females were more sensitive to price change than males. This result indicated that the percentage change in demand for cigarettes among youth is less than the percentage change in price or inelastic. Therefore, a higher tariff and simpler tobacco tax structure is necessary to make cigarettes less affordable in Indonesia.
Cyclic spacetimes through singularity scattering maps. The laws of quiescent bounces
Authors: Le Floch Bruno , LeFloch Philippe G. , Veneziano Gabriele 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor spacetimes containing quiescent singularity hypersurfaces we propose a general notion of junction conditions based on a prescribedsingularity scattering map, as we call it, and we introduce the notion of acyclic spacetime(also called a multiverse) consisting of spacetime domains bounded by spacelike or timelike singularity hypersurfaces, across which our scattering map is applied. A local existence theory is established here while, in a companion paper, we construct plane-symmetric cyclic spacetimes. We study the singularity data space consisting of the suitably rescaled metric, extrinsic curvature, and matter fields which can be prescribed on each side of the singularity, and for the class of so-called quiescent singularities we establish restrictions that a singularity scattering map must satisfy. We obtain a full characterization of all scattering maps that are covariant and ultralocal, in a sense we define and, in particular, we distinguish between, on the one hand,three laws of bouncing cosmologyof universal nature and, on the other hand,model-dependent junction conditions.The theory proposed in this paper applies to spacelike and timelike hypersurfaces and without symmetry restriction. It encompasses bouncing-cosmology scenarios, both in string theory and in loop quantum cosmology, and puts strong restrictions on their possible explicit realizations.
Comparative sub-chronic toxicity studies in rats of two indistinguishable herbal plants, Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsley and Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight
Authors: Yu Changwoo , Hong So-Hye , Lee Jin Hee , Jung Ki Kyung , Oh Jae-Ho , Jeong Jayoung , Kwon HoonJeong , Kang Jong-Koo , Yang Jun-Young 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSub-chronic toxicity studies using rats have been conducted for Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsley (CW) and Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight (CA). CW water extract didn’t show any adverse effects whereas administering CW powder decreased body weights in complication with decreased food consumptions. In the case of CA water extract, triglyceride and absolute/relative liver weights were elevated and vacuolation was observed in liver. Treated CA powder in male rats increased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase and induced single cell necrosis and multinucleated hepatocyte in liver. As for female rats, increased absolute/relative weights and hypertrophy/vacuolation in adrenal glands and vacuolation in ovaries were observed when administered CA powder. In conclusion, no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of CW water extract was over 5000 mg/kg/day, while NOAEL of CW powder was 700 mg/kg/day for female and 150 mg/kg/day for male. In case of CA, NOAEL of water extract was 1500 mg/kg/day for male and 2000 mg/kg/day for female, while NOAEL of powder was 150 mg/kg/day for both gender. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first sub-chronic toxicity study on the adverse effects, target organs and its dose levels of C. wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsley and C. auriculatum Royle ex Wight following GLP protocols.
Effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) in corneal epithelial regeneration and signal transduction in rats
Authors: Kiss Peter , Farkas Jozsef , Kovacs Krisztina , Gaal Valeria , Biro Zsolt , Szabo Aliz , Atlasz Tamas , Bosnyak Inez , Toth Gabor , Tamas Andrea , Reglodi Dora 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCorneal epithelium responds to insults with a rapid wound healing, which is essential for maintaining vision. The proper balance of apoptotic and proliferation-stimulating pathways is critical for normal regeneration. Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is an important growth factor during the development of the nervous system and exerts cytoprotective effects in injuries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of PACAP on corneal epithelial wound healing in rats and on two important protective signaling molecules, Akt and ERK1/2, both of which have been reported to play important roles during cell survival and regeneration, including corneal wound healing. Wistar rats received PACAP treatment in form of eyedrops, containing 1, 5 and 10 µg PACAP27, immediately and every two hours after corneal abrasion. Corneas were stained with fluorescein dye and further processed for histological staining or Western blot analysis for Akt and ERK1/2 expression. Our results showed that topical PACAP application enhanced corneal wound healing, as the area of injury was significantly less in PACAP-treated groups. Furthermore, both ERK1/2 and Akt signaling was induced upon PACAP administration in both injured and intact corneas. In summary, the present results show that PACAP enhances corneal wound healing in a rat model of corneal abrasion.
Eine explorative Untersuchung der Einflüsse von ABW-Büromerkmalen auf die Wahrnehmung der Organisationskultur
Authors: Weber Clara , Bébié-Gut Pascale , Riebli Alyssa , Windlinger Lukas 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag der Zeitschrift Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. (GIO) untersucht, wie Designmerkmale aktivitätsorientierter Arbeitsumgebungen (activity-based working, ABW) Einfluss auf die Wahrnehmung von Clan-Organisationskulturen nehmen können. Bisherige Forschungsarbeiten haben Designmerkmale selten isoliert von anderen Eigenschaften der physischen Umgebung betrachtet und in Zusammenhang mit Organisationskulturen gestellt. Es wurden halbstrukturierte Interviews mit acht Teilnehmenden aus verschiedenen Organisationen geführt, die eine ABW-Umgestaltung mit Ziel einer hierarchisch flachen Clan-Kulturentwicklung miterlebt haben. Die Mehrheit zuvor berichteterfunktionalerundassoziativerEinflüsse auf Clan-Kultur-Indikatoren wieKommunikation, Zusammenarbeit, Beziehungen, Zugehörigkeitundkollegial-beratende Führungskulturwurden identifiziert. Besonders Unterthemen, wie z. B.dynamische Atmosphäre, fokussierter Austausch, OffenheitundFirmenidentifikationwurden bestätigt oder neu identifiziert. Querschnittsthemen, die funktionale und assoziative Einflussmechanismen vertiefen, warenZugänglichkeit, Serendipität, psychologische DistanzundTerritorialprinzipien. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass die Bürogestaltungsmerkmale auf komplexe Weise mit der Organisationskultur zusammenhängen; die Bürogestaltung scheint die Organisationskultur unterstützen zu können.
Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm and Its Applications: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gad Ahmed G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThroughout the centuries, nature has been a source of inspiration, with much still to learn from and discover about. Among many others, Swarm Intelligence (SI), a substantial branch of Artificial Intelligence, is built on the intelligent collective behavior of social swarms in nature. One of the most popular SI paradigms, the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO), is presented in this work. Many changes have been made to PSO since its inception in the mid 1990s. Since their learning about the technique, researchers and practitioners have developed new applications, derived new versions, and published theoretical studies on the potential influence of various parameters and aspects of the algorithm. Various perspectives are surveyed in this paper on existing and ongoing research, including algorithm methods, diverse application domains, open issues, and future perspectives, based on the Systematic Review (SR) process. More specifically, this paper analyzes the existing research on methods and applications published between 2017 and 2019 in a technical taxonomy of the picked content, including hybridization, improvement, and variants of PSO, as well as real-world applications of the algorithm categorized into: health-care, environmental, industrial, commercial, smart city, and general aspects applications. Some technical characteristics, including accuracy, evaluation environments, and proposed case study are involved to investigate the effectiveness of different PSO methods and applications. Each addressed study has some valuable advantages and unavoidable drawbacks which are discussed and has accordingly yielded some hints presented for addressing the weaknesses of those studies and highlighting the open issues and future research perspectives on the algorithm.