bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ECSIT is a critical factor for controlling intestinal homeostasis and tumorigenesis through regulating the translation of YAP protein
Authors: Yang Shuo , Wang Bingwei , Moynagh Paul , Wen Shuang , Liu Lu , Wu Chunyan , Ma Chanyuan , Yang Yongbing , Hu Yingchao , Ma Chunmei , Jiang Yuying 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is the fastest renewing tissue in mammals and its regenerative process must be tight control to minimize the risk of dysfunction and tumorigenesis. The orderly expression and activation of the YAP protein is key initial step in driving intestinal development and crucial for intestinal regenerative responses and homeostasis. However, the regulatory mechanisms controlling this process remain largely unknown. Here, we discovered that evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathways (ECSIT), a multi-functional protein, was enriched along the crypt-villus axis. And intestinal cell-specific ablation of ECSIT results in the dysregulation of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) differentiation accompanied with enhanced YAP protein translation thus inducing spontaneous intestinal inflammation and augmenting intestinal tumorigenesis. We further revealed that loss of ECSIT disrupts mitochondrial metabolism thus reprograming to amino acid-based metabolism, which results in demethylation of genes encoding the eIF4F pathway and their increased expression that further promotes selective YAP translation initiation culminating in intestinal homeostasis imbalance and tumorigenesis. We also show that the expression of ECSIT is positively correlated with the survival of patients with colorectal cancer. Together, our studies demonstrate an important role of ECSIT in maintaining optimal intestinal homeostasis and controlling the development of tumorigenesis by regulation of the YAP protein translation through mitochondrial metabolism.
HPV infection-specific hypermethylated genes in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Inokawa Yoshikuni , Hayashi Masamichi , Begum Shahnaz , Noordhuis Maartje , Sidransky Daivd , Califano Joseph , Koch Wayne , Brait Mariana , Westra William H. , Hoque Mohammad Obaidul 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) are sensitive to chemo-radiation therapy and have favorable survival outcomes compared with HPV-negative cancers. These tumors are usually not related to tobacco and alcohol exposure. Therefore, it is crucial to diagnose HPV-positive OPSCCs for the appropriate management of the disease, and no suitable markers are available for HPV-positive tumors. In this study, we attempt to find HPV-specific epigenetic biomarkers for OPSCCs.
Methods
A total of 127 surgical samples were analyzed for HPV positivity and promoter methylation of a panel of genes. HPV detection was performed by PCR detection of HPV E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins. In addition, promoter methylation of a total of 8 genes (DAPK, FHIT, RASSF1A, TIMP3 AGTR1, CSGALNACT2, GULP1 and VGF) was analyzed by quantitative-methylation specific PCR (QMSP), and their associations with HPV positivity or RB/p16 expressions were evaluated.
Results
AGTR1and FHIT were frequently methylated in HPV positive OPSCC samples with a good area under the curve (AUC over 0.70). In addition, these genes promoter methylation significantly associated with p16 positive and RB negative cases, which were the characteristics of OPSCC cases with favorable survival outcomes. Either of AGTR1and FHIT methylated cases were significantly associated with HPV-positive cancers with 92.0% sensitivity (P < 0.001). Also, they had significantly better overall survival (P = 0.047) than both unmethylated cases.
Conclusions
A combination of AGTR1 and FHIT methylation demonstrated a suitable detection marker of OPSCCs derived from the HPV-infected field, which were familiar with p16-positive and RB-negative phenotypes.
Menstrual health interventions, schooling and mental health problems among Ugandan students (MENISCUS): Study protocol for a school-based cluster-randomised trial.
Authors: Kansiime Catherine , Hytti Laura , Nelson Kate Andrews , Torondel Belen , Francis Suzanna C , Tanton Clare , Greco Giulia , Belfield Sophie , Nakalema Shamirah , Matovu Fred , Ssemata Andrew Sentoogo , Alezuyo Connie , Neema Stella , Jerrim John , Bonell Chris , Seeley Janet , Weiss Helen A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Menstrual health is an increasingly recognised public health issue, defined as complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing in relation to the menstrual cycle. The MENISCUS trial aims to assess whether a multi-component intervention addressing physical and emotional aspects of menstrual health improves educational attainment, mental health problems, menstrual management, self-efficacy and quality of life among girls in secondary school in Uganda. Methods: The study is a parallel-arm cluster randomised controlled trial with 60 schools (clusters) in Wakiso and Kalungu districts, with a mixed-methods process evaluation to assess intervention fidelity and acceptability, and economic and policy analyses. The schools will be randomised 1:1 to immediate intervention or to optimised usual care, with delayed intervention delivery. The intervention includes creation of a Menstrual Health Action Group at schools, and NGO-led training of trainers on puberty education, development of a drama skit, delivery of a menstrual health kit including reusable pads and menstrual cups, access to pain management strategies including analgesics, and basic improvements to school water, sanitation and hygiene facilities. Baseline data will be collected from Secondary 2 students in 2022 (median age ~15.5 years), with endline after one year of intervention delivery (~3600 females and a random sample of ~900 males). The primary outcomes assessed in girls are i) examination performance based on the Mathematics, English and Biology curriculum taught during the intervention delivery (independently assessed by the Uganda National Examinations Board); and ii) mental health problems using the Total Difficulties Scale of the Strengths and Difficulties 25-item questionnaire. Secondary outcomes are menstrual knowledge and attitudes in girls and boys; and, in girls only, menstrual practices, self-efficacy in managing menstruation, prevalence of urogenital infections, school and class attendance using a self-completed menstrual daily diary, and confidence in maths and science. Discussion: The trial is innovative in evaluating a multi-component school-based menstrual health intervention addressing both physical and emotional aspects of menstrual health, and using a “training of trainers” model designed to be sustainable within schools. If found to be cost-effective and acceptable, the intervention will have potential for national and regional scale-up.Trial registration {2a}: ISRCTN: 45461276 registered on 16th September 2021. http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN45461276.
Chemo assist for children mobile health application to manage symptoms of chemotherapy in acute leukemia in Indonesia: A user-centered design approach
Authors: Novrianda Dwi , Herini Elisabeth Siti , Haryanti Fitri , Supriyadi Eddy , Lazuardi Lutfan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The mobile health (mHealth) application encourages parents and pediatric patients to be involved in caring for their child's health condition by providing the ability to identify and manage chemotherapy-induced symptoms in their child actively. Several monitoring systems available today are diverse in terms of features and system basis. This study aimed to develop and trial the Chemo Assist for Children (CAC) mHealth application for symptom management due to chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Methods
In this study, the development of the CAC application went through four phases. The initial phase was conducting a literature study for application content. The application design phase involved five experts to validate application content. In the implementation phase, the application was piloted on ten parents with ALL children undergoing chemotherapy at two teaching hospitals, Indonesia. At the evaluation stage, the CAC application was improved according to the test results. The data were obtained descriptively from the validation and application testing using the average and total item scores.
Results
Phase 1 obtained 17 reference sources in textbooks and research journal articles to design the mHealth application content. Phase 2 received the value of the content validity of all statements was 0.96, which means that the application material is declared valid. In phase 3, the average total usability test score was 4.28. Finally, an evaluation phase was applied continuously to produce a valid, accessible, and appropriate application for users.
Conclusions
The CAC mHealth application developed can meet the needs of technology users to identify symptoms and manage symptoms due to chemotherapy in children with ALL. The CAC mHealth application can accommodate data not recorded at out-of-hospital care, increase the independence of symptom management, and improve communication between parents of children with ALL and health workers.
Orthorexia nervosa in gay men - the result of a Spanish- Polish Eating Disorders Study
Authors: Karniej Piotr , Pérez Jesús , Juárez-Vela Raúl , Santolalla-Arnedo Iván , Gea-Caballero Vicente , Pozo-Herce Pablo Del , Dissen Anthony , Czapla Michal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this exploratory study was to identifying demographic factors and unique predictors of ON e.g., the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), the use of social media and the Grindr ® dating application among a sample group of Spanish and Polish identifying gay men. Methods: The study was conducted in Poland and Spain between March and June 2021 using questionary: ORTO-15. Data was collected using a three-section self-administered questionnaire. The first section contained demographic data, the second part was the Polish and Spanish version of the Orto-15, and the third part was the Polish and Spanish version of the EAT-26. Results: Total enrollment was 394 gay men. In regression proportional hazards single model, significant predictors of ON were: age (OR = 0.964), BMI (OR = 0.895), staying in an informal relationship compared to being single (OR = 2.138), occasional use of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (OR = 4.667) and use of the Grindr application (OR = 5.312). Instagram users had lower risk of ON (OR = 0.479). The multivariate analysis showed that Grindr usages (OR: 4.72; p< 0.001) correlated with higher risk of ON. Higher BMI (OR = 0.913) and daily use of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (OR = 0.142) is associated with lower risk of ON. Conclusions: The most important predictors of orthorexia nervosa in gay men are: low BMI and the use of Grindr. The effect of daily usage of PrEP is associated with lower risk, and occasional use is associated with increased risk , of orthorexia nervosa.
Development of Na+ ion conducting solid biopolymer electrolyte based on Na-CMC-SPA hydrogel for energy storage devices
Authors: Verma Dipendra Kumar , Tiwari Rudramani , Kumar Devendra , Yadav Shashikant , Parwati Km , Adhikary Pubali , Krishnamoorthi S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Solid polymer electrolytes based on biopolymers are green and environment friendly materials. Here, solid biopolymer electrolyte (SBPE) hydrogel based on carboxymethyl cellulose is introduced for Na+ ion based energy storage material. The synthesized SBPE material is biodegradable and shows excellent strength with good flexibility and high elasticity. Na-CMC-SPA-NaI-PEG has compact packing with inner porous morphology which is helpful in ionic conductions inside the matrix. The ionic conductivity of electrolyte material was recorded in the range of 10− 5 S/cm at low temperatures (< 40oC) and 10− 4 S/cm at higher temperatures (> 40oC). The ionic transference number is found to be 99% in 2900 sec. LSV measurements confirm that the SBPEs material can be used in device fabrication up to 1.2V. These properties of electrolyte make it a promising material for application in energy storage devices.
Meta-Analysis of the Normal Diffusion Tensor Imaging Values of the Peripheral Nerves in the Upper Limb
Authors: Wade Ryckie G , BaMed Fangqing Lu , Poruslrani Yohan , Karia Chiraag , Feltbower Richard G , Plein Sven , Bourke Grainne , Teh Irvin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Peripheral neuropathy affects ~1 in 10 adults over the age of 40 years. Given the absence of a reliable diagnostic test, there has been a surge of research into diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) because it characterises nerve microstructure and provides reproducible proxy measures of myelination, axon diameter, fibre density and organisation. Before researchers and clinicians can reliably use diffusion tensor imaging to assess the ‘health’ of the major nerves of the upper limb, we must understand the “normal” range of values and how they vary with experimental conditions. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, medRxiv and bioRxiv for studies which reported the findings of DTI of the upper limb in healthy adults. Four review authors independently triple extracted data. Using the meta suite of Stata 17, we estimated the normal fractional anisotropy (FA) and diffusivity (mean, MD; radial, RD; axial AD) values of the median, radial and ulnar nerve in the arm, elbow and forearm. Using meta-regression, we explored how DTI metrics varied with age and experimental conditions. Results: We included 20 studies reporting data from 391 limbs, belonging to 346 adults (189 males and 154 females, ~1.2M:1F) of mean age 34 years (median 31, range 20-80). In the arm, there was no difference in the FA (pooled mean 0.59 mm2/s [95% CI 0.57, 0.62]; I2 98%) or MD (pooled mean 1.13 x10-3 mm2/s [95% CI 1.08, 1.18]; I2 99%) of the median, radial and ulnar nerves. Around the elbow, the ulnar nerve had a 12% lower FA than the median and radial nerves (95% CI -0.25, 0.00) and significantly higher MD, RD and AD. In the forearm, the FA (pooled mean 0.55 [95% CI 0.59, 0.64]; I2 96%) and MD (pooled mean 1.03 x10-3 mm2/s [95% CI 0.94, 1.12]; I2 99%) of the three nerves were similar. Multivariable meta regression showed that the b-value, TE, TR, spatial resolution and age of the subject were clinically important moderators of DTI parameters in peripheral nerves. Conclusions: We show that subject age, as well as the b-value, TE, TR and spatial resolution are important moderators of DTI metrics from healthy nerves in the adult upper limb. The normal ranges shown here may inform future clinical and research studies.
Trivariate probabilistic assessments of the compound flooding events using the 3-D Fully Nested Archimedean (FNA) copula in the semiparametric distribution setting
Authors: Latif Shahid , Simonovic Slobodan P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Severe flooding in coastal areas can result from the joint probability of multiple extreme or non-extreme oceanographic, hydrological, and meteorological factors, resulting in compound flooding (CF) events if they occur successively or simultaneously. Recently, copula functions provided a much more flexible environment in joint modelling. Using copula-based bivariate probability distribution is ineffective in assessing the likelihood of joint occurrence, thus demanding a more advanced higher dimensional probability framework. Incorporating a higher dimensional copulas framework via traditional symmetric 3-D Archimedean or Elliptical copulas has statistical limits and would be incapable of preserving all lower-level dependencies. The heterogeneous dependency in CF events can be modelled effectively via the fully nested Archimedean (FNA) copulas. Incorporating FNA under parametric distribution settings is not flexible enough since it is restricted by the prior distributional assumption of the function type for both marginal density functions and copulas in parametric fittings. If their marginal density belongs to specific parametric family distribution, it could be problematic if underlying assumptions are violated. This study introduces a 3-D FNA copula simulation in the semiparametric setting by introducing nonparametric marginal distributions conjoined by a parametric copula density. The derived semiparametric FNA copula is applied in the trivariate modelling in compounding the joint impact of rainfall, storm surge and river discharge with 46 years of observations on the west coast of Canada. The performance of the derived model has also been compared analytically and graphically with the FNA copula constructed with parametric marginal density. It is concluded that the performance of FNA with nonparametric marginals outperforms the FNA copula built under parametric settings. The presented copula-based joint modelling is employed in multivariate analysis of flood risks in trivariate primary joint and conditional joint return periods. The trivariate hydrologic risk associated with compound events is analyzed using the failure probability (FP) statistics. Investigation reveals that trivariate hydrologic events produce a higher failure probability than bivariate (or univariate) events; neglecting trivariate joint analysis would underestimate FP. Also, it indicates that trivariate hydrologic risk values would increase with an increase in service time of the hydraulic facilities.
Shape analysis of sand particles based on Fourier descriptors
Authors: Yan Tianxi , Liu Yahong , Wei Dong , Sun Xiaofan , Liu Qing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The particle shape will greatly influence the mechanical behavior of geotechnical materials. For a specific material, e. g. sand particle, it remains an open question how to provide a comprehensive quantitative information about the particle shape. While Fourier descriptors, as a sequence of good shape descriptors, are well addressed in the literature, approaches mainly aim at pattern recognition in the field of computer vision. In this paper, Fourier descriptors are used to analyze particle shape of geotechnical material. 600 sand particles are collected from Hutuo river, the main water resource of Shijiazhuang County, Hebei Province. Several shape descriptors, elongation, circularity, convexity, and roughness, are identified and further analyzed statistically. A functional relationship between Fourier descriptors Dk and k, the frequency of the kth components is proved to exist. Moreover, the relationship between shape descriptors and Fourier descriptors is investigated in a correlation analysis. The elongation is strongly correlated to Fourier descriptors.
Comparison of three wheat near isogenic lines originated from CB037 on tissue culture and transformation capacities
Authors: Liu Huiyun , Ma Haili , Zhang Wei , Wang Wanqing , Wu Jiajie , Wang Ke , Lin Zhishan , Ye Xingguo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Wheat is an important worldwide food crop. To meet the increasing demand for wheat grains, it is essential to continuously improve wheat by commercial and advanced technologies. Wheat line CB037 has ideal agronomic traits, good bread quality, strong resistance to powdery mildew (PM), and high regeneration ability, and therefore it has been widely used in hybridization breeding and genetic transformation. Three near isogenic lines (NILs) from CB037 were identified in a previous study based on glutenin composition. In this study, the three NILs of CB037A, CB037B, and CB037C were investigated comparatively for agronomic traits, disease resistance for PM and stripe rust, and tissue culture and transformation abilities. Results indicated that the three NILs were high resistant to PM, and CB037B was not only high resistant to stripe rust but also had significantly higher regeneration ability than CB037A and CB037C in anther culture, immature and mature embryo culture. Particularly, positive transgenic wheat plants were obtained only from CB037B. Thereby CB037B was identified to be a desirable material for wheat genetic transformation, which was of great significance for improving the transformation efficiency and accelerating the application of genetic engineering breeding technology in wheat.
Efficacy of Transcutaneous Posterior Tibial Nerve Stimulation in Functional Constipation
Authors: Velasco-Benitez Carlos , Villamarin Eder , Mendez Melissa , Linero Alfredo , .D. Gregory Hungria M , Saps Miguel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction and Aims: Most children with functional constipation (FC) improve with conventional treatments. However, a proportion of children have poor treatment outcomes. Management of intractable FC may include botulinum toxin injections, transanal irrigation, antegrade enemas, colonic resections, and in some cases sacral nerve stimulation (SNS). SNS is surgically placed, not readily available and expensive. Posterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) allows transmission of electronic impulses and retrograde stimulation to the sacral nerve plexus in a portable, simple and non-invasive fashion. Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of transcutaneous PTNS for the treatment of FC in children.Materials and Methods: Single-center, prospective interventional study. Children 4-14 years with Rome IV diagnosis of FC received ten daily PTNS (30 min/day) sessions. Electrodes placed over skin of ankle. Strength of stimulus was below pain threshold. Outcomes were assessed during treatment and 7 days after. Results: twenty-three subjects enrolled. Two children excluded (acute gastroenteritis, COVID-19 contact). 20 completed the study (4- 14 years), (8,4+/-3,2years, 71.4 % female). We found significant improvement in the consistency of Bowel Movements (BM) (p=0.005), Fecal Incontinence (FI) (p=0.005), Abdominal pain presence (p= <0.001) and intensity (p=0.005), and a significant for improvement in blood in stools (p=0.037). There was 86.3% improvement in abdominal pain. 96.7% reported treatment satisfaction. Only one child required rescue therapy. Conclusion: We found significant improvement in stool consistency, FI, abdominal pain and hematochezia. This suggests that transcutaneous PTNS could be a promising noninvasive treatment for FC in children. Large studies are needed.
Recognition of rib fracture on chest X-ray images with deep learning: a pilot study
Authors: Huang Shu-Tien , Huang Ming-Yuan , Liu Liong-Rung , Tsai Ming-Feng , Chiu Hung-Wen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives:
Among trauma patients, it is crucial to avoid a delay in providing life-saving procedures owing to a missed diagnosis of a fracture. Unfortunately, missed rib fractures are common in such patients. Ribs have been found to be the locations with the most frequently missed fractures. As shown in previous studies, nearly 50% of rib fractures are missed on radiographs. As a concern, patients with fractured ribs may have higher morbidity and mortality rates than those without fractures. Although arranging more sensitive image studies such as computer tomography for every chest trauma patient is an option, doing so is impractical because of the cost and higher radiation exposure. Point of care ultrasound is another option that is time consuming and operator dependent. The purpose of this study was to identify rib fractures on chest radiographs using deep convolutional neural network (DCNN).
Methods:
We retrospectively collected chest radiographs with formal image reports of rib fractures during the last 5 years from a single medical center. Then, 2000 region-of-interest (ROI) slices for each category, i.e., fractured rib, non-fracture rib, and background, were segmented into pixel dimensions of 128 × 128 for DCNN model training.
Results:
The validation accuracy of the trained models was as follows: 91.00% transfer learning with AlexNet and 91.17% transfer learning with GoogLeNet. Both performances of our trained model are remarkable.
Conclusions:
Further application of rib fracture recognition DCNN models for clinical decision support could significantly improve the clinical workflow and help clinical doctors from missing the diagnosis of rib fractures.