bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flecainide-induced pneumonitis: a case report
Authors: Moureau Gauthier , Zarrouk Elies , Hoton Delphine , Saint-Marcoux Franck , Boland Lidvine , Haufroid Vincent , Hantson Philippe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
We report a case of acute respiratory distress associated with a histological pattern of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia, and discuss the possible responsibility of flecainide therapy.

Case presentation
A 61-year-old African woman developed a rapidly progressive dyspnea and required admission in the intensive care unit for orotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Chest X-ray examination revealed bilateral infiltrates predominating in the basal part of both lungs. Lung computed tomography disclosed bilateral ground-glass opacities and septal thickening. After exclusion of the most common causes of infectious or immune pneumonia, a toxic origin was investigated and flecainide toxicity was considered. Lung biopsy was consistent with the unusual pattern of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia. Clinical and radiological improvement was noted after corticosteroid therapy, but the patient died from septic complications.

Conclusion
Flecainide-induced lung injury has rarely been reported in the literature and remains a diagnosis of exclusion. The histological pattern of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia has been previously observed with amiodarone. There are no firm guidelines for the treatment of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia, but some patients may positively respond to corticosteroids.
Mechanical stretching boosts expansion and regeneration of intestinal organoids through fueling stem cell self-renewal
Authors: Meng Fanlu , Shen Congcong , Yang Li , Ni Chao , Huang Jianyong , Lin Kaijun , Cao Zanxia , Xu Shicai , Cui Wanling , Wang Xiaoxin , Zhou Bailing , Xiong Chunyang , Wang Jihua , Zhao Bing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntestinal organoids, derived from intestinal stem cell self-organization, recapitulate the tissue structures and behaviors of the intestinal epithelium, which hold great potential for the study of developmental biology, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. The intestinal epithelium is exposed to dynamic mechanical forces which exert profound effects on gut development. However, the conventional intestinal organoid culture system neglects the key role of mechanical microenvironments but relies solely on biological factors. Here, we show that adding cyclic stretch to intestinal organoid cultures remarkably up-regulates the signature gene expression and proliferation of intestinal stem cells. Furthermore, mechanical stretching stimulates the expansion of SOX9+ progenitors by activating the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling. These data demonstrate that the incorporation of mechanical stretch boosts the stemness of intestinal stem cells, thus benefiting organoid growth. Our findings have provided a way to optimize an organoid generation system through understanding cross-talk between biological and mechanical factors, paving the way for the application of mechanical forces in organoid-based models.
What makes Chinese rural migrants self-employed: a qualitative perspective
Authors: Xia Shuting 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study scrutinizes the causes, configuration, and consequences of rural migrants’ motivations for becoming self-employed. It aims to solve two main problems in the current literature. The first is that previous studies primarily explain migrants’ self-employment through economic variables when other factors (e.g., autonomy, meaningfulness, and work environment) might be more important. Second, no study has been conducted to qualitatively understand migrants’ self-employment outcomes. By drawing on in-depth qualitative interviews with rural-to-urban migrant workers conducted in four regions of China, this article provides insights into the pecuniary and nonpecuniary motivations of rural migrants’ employment decisions. Notably, it finds that most rural migrant workers in wage employment sectors are not in a position to exercise free choice regarding their working arrangements. In contrast, the prospect of achieving a higher level of income, greater autonomy, and more flexibility and freedom is important and attractive aspects of self-employment, with apparent gender differences. Nevertheless, migrants’ self-employment often involves self-sacrifice and economic and social marginalization. Therefore, it is unlikely that migrants select self-employment as an effective means for status acquisition.
Peer group-based online intervention program to empower families raising children with disabilities: protocol for a feasibility study using non-randomized waitlist-controlled trial
Authors: Matsuzawa Akemi , Wakimizu Rie , Sato Iori , Fujioka Hiroshi , Nishigaki Kaori , Suzuki Seigo , Iwata Naoko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Families raising children with disabilities assume risks to their health and lives. Therefore, it is necessary to support these families to improve family empowerment, which is the ability of these families to control their own lives and to promote the collaborative raising of children with disabilities. This is the first online intervention program focusing on the empowerment of families raising children with disabilities who live at home in Japan.

Method
The program consists of four online peer-based group sessions. Moreover, the families engage in several activities in stages wherein they discover their own issues, find measures to resolve them, and take action, while visualizing interfamily relationships, including social resources, and the status of their family life, with facilitators and other peer members. This study is a non-randomized, waitlist-controlled trial. It compares the results of the intervention group (early group) and the waitlist-controlled group (delayed group). The participants are allocated to the early or delayed group in the order of their applications. The main outcome is family empowerment. Other outcomes are the caregiver burden, self-reported capability to use social resources, self-compassion, and the quality of life (QOL) of primary caregivers. The timeline of the online outcome evaluation is as follows: the initial evaluation (Time 1 [T1]) is conducted before the start of the first early group program, and post-intervention evaluation (Time 2 [T2]) is conducted immediately (within 1 week) after the early group completes all four sessions (4 weeks) of the program. Follow-up evaluation (Time 3 [T3]) is conducted 4 weeks after the post-intervention evaluation. This timing is the same in the delayed group, but the delayed group will attend the program after a 4-week waiting period, compared to the early group.

Discussion
The intention is to evaluate whether the provision of the program developed in this study and the evaluation test design are feasible and to verify the efficacy of this program.

Trial registration
The UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000044172), registration date: May 19, 2021.
Anthropology and ethnic studies, Iran
Authors: Shahshahani Soheila 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFor writing this invited paper, I was given the title Ethnic Groups of Iran and I was also asked to inform the reader/audience about the general situation of anthropology in the country. Specific questions were asked and the first part of this paper responds to those questions. The second part can be best understood if at the time of the reading reference could be made to the site mentioned in the article.A few articles and one book have discussed the history of the field of anthropology in Iran and they are discussed in this text. This field has had great difficulty trying to establish itself in the country due to the sensitivity of the political machine of the country which at times it did not really understand its topic, and at others was sensitive to the information it could bring from rural and pastoral areas of Iran to the center and critically consider the activities of the government. Transparency of political activities have always been at odds with social sciences, and this can clearly be seen in the problems anthropology has had to face to establish itself. The very name of the field has been problematic and this also shows the lack of discussion of the erudite of the field in a clear manner. Today this field is dispersed in various faculties of different universities and topics.The second part of this paper concentrates on my own work on the ethnic groups of country, and a map and a site which I have made to represent the active cultural life of all different peoples of Iran. My anthropological knowledge has helped me to divide the work according first to subsistence (pastoral nomadic, rural and urban), and then according to cultural characteristics and my hope is to continue this work which has been a very important lack in Human Relations Area Files. So far I only have some titles in English, its translation into English could disseminate the information to the anthropological scientific world.
Aggressive challenging behavior in adults with intellectual disability: An electronic register-based cohort study of clinical outcome and service use
Authors: Smith James , Baksh R. Asaad , Hassiotis Angela , Sheehan Rory , Ke Chengcheng , Wong Tsz Lam Bambi ,   PETAL Investigators, Strydom André 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Aggressive challenging behavior in people with intellectual disability is a frequent reason for referral to secondary care services and is associated with direct harm, social exclusion, and criminal sanctions. Understanding the factors underlying aggressive challenging behavior and predictors of adverse clinical outcome is important in providing services and developing effective interventions.

Methods
This was a retrospective total-population cohort study using electronic records linked with Hospital Episode Statistics data. Participants were adults with intellectual disability accessing secondary services at a large mental healthcare provider in London, United Kingdom, between 2014 and 2018. An adverse outcome was defined as at least one of the following: admission to a mental health hospital, Mental Health Act assessment, contact with a psychiatric crisis team or attendance at an emergency department.

Results
There were 1,515 patient episodes related to 1,225 individuals, of which 1,019 episodes were reported as displaying aggressive challenging behavior. Increased episode length, being younger, psychotropic medication use, pervasive developmental disorder (PDD), more mentions of mood instability, agitation, and irritability, more contact with mental health professionals, and more mentions of social and/or home care package in-episode were all associated with increased odds of medium-high levels of aggression. Risk factors for an adverse clinical outcome in those who exhibited aggression included increased episode length, personality disorder, common mental disorder (CMD), more mentions of agitation in-episode, and contact with mental health professionals. PDD predicted better outcome.

Conclusions
Routinely collected data confirm aggressive challenging behavior as a common concern in adults with intellectual disability who are referred for specialist support and highlight factors likely to signal an adverse outcome. Treatment targets may include optimizing management of CMDs and agitation.
LBSUN131 Leptin Level, BMI And Genetics In Early Onset Obesity
Authors: Xu Xu , Volcotrub Egor , Ten Svetlana B 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate leptin level and its association with BMI and genetic predisposition in cases of early onset obesity.

Methods
76 children (15.3 ± 10 yrs, 47 females) with morbid obesity (BMI of 41.7 ± 5.7 kg/m2) and 2 fathers and 5 mothers of these patients with BMI 47.8 ± 8.7 kg/m2 underwent genetic testing at the Prevention Genetics after obtaining consent. Leptin, Lipid profile, Glucose, Insulin, ALT, AST were measured.

Results
From 83 cases heterozygous polymorphism was found in 65 and in 18 genetic analysis was negative. | Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the leptin level. | 13 patients had leptin level less than 12 ng/ml (7.9 ± 2.5) (Group 1) (5 patients - no mutation, 8 with different combination of the genes: 1 with (BBS14 (CEP290) and BBS10), 2 BBS5, 2 SH2B1, 1 PLXNA3, 1 with (PCSK1 and ALMS1), 1 with BBS 20 (IFT172). Leptin didn't correlate with BMI in this group. | 6 patients had leptin elevated more than 50 ng/ml (74.5 ± 17.7) (Group 2). (1 patient – no mutation, 1 with KSR2, 1 with MCR4, 1 with SEMA3G, 1 with a combination of MCR4 and 2 different POMC, 1 with PLXNA4 and BBS15 (WDPCP). Leptin didn't correlate with BMI in this group. | 64 patients had leptin level (24.6 ± 9.4 ng/ml) expected for their BMI (42.7 ± 8.5 kg/m2) (Group 3). Leptin level correlated with BMI (r=0.37, P=0. 002). In group 3, Genetic analysis was negative in 12 patients, 1 gene was in 19 cases (KSR2 in 3, PCSK1 in 4, POMC in 2, others in 1: BBS 17(KZTFL1), BBS9, BBS21 (C8orf37), BBC20(IFT172), MCR4, MRAP2, PLXNA4, POMC, INPP5E, UCP3. | 2 genes in 25 cases: (BBS1, NTRK2), (BBS4, RAI1), (BBS4, PLXNA3) (BBS7, NTRK2), (BBS2, BBS9), (BBS9, MCR4),(BBS9, ADCY3), (BBS9, ALMS1), (BBS10, ALMS1), (BBS10, BBS22 (IFT74)), (BBS13 (MKS1), PCKS1), (BBS14 (CEP290), PCSK1), (BBS15 (WDPCP), PCSK1), (BBS18, POMC), (BBS20(IFT172), PCSK1), (BBS 22 (IFT74), SH2B1), (ALMS1,PCSK1), (ALMS1, BDNF), (SH2B1, NCOA1), (SH2B1, PCSK1), (SEMA3G, NTRK2), (SEMA3D, UCP3), (SIM1, NROB2), (KSR2, NTRK2), (MRAP2, RPGRIP1L). | 3 genes in 5 cases (BBS16 (SDCCAG8), BBS14 (CEP290), KIDINS220), (KSR2, ALMS1, PCNT), (KSR2, SEMA3G, NTRK2), (ALMS1, PCSK1, NCOA1), (BBS9, ALMS1, TRIM32)4 genes in 2 cases (BBS9, BBS11(TRIM32), ALMS1, POMC) and (BBS19 (IFT27), BBS 20 (IFT27), SEMA3B, PLXNA3). | 5 genes in 1 case (BBS12, BBS20 (IFT172), ALMS1, RPGRIP1L, SEMA3G). There were no differences in age, BMI, Hb A1c, SBP, DBP, Glucose, Insulin HOMA. ALT, AST, TG, and HDL levels between groups.

Conclusion
There is a high frequency of genes involved in cilia regulation like BBS and ALMS1 genes. Identifying patients with low leptin level for the degree of obesity can individualize treatment to decrease appetite and increase energy expenditure
Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
LBODP014 Hyperaldosteronism Caused By Adrenal Cyst
Authors: Vargas Laura Valentina Estupiñan , Gonzalez Juanita , Garcia Ramos Andres Felipe , Monsalve Claudia , Pompey Nestor Alfonso Lopez , Torres Jose Luis , Dueñas Juan Pablo , Buenaventura Daisy , Vargas Hernando , Ramirez Alex , Daguer Salomon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Cyst adrenal lesions are uncommon with a reported incidence in autopsies of 0. 064% to 0.18%. Functional adrenal cysts are rarer, to our knowledge with 3 cases reported in the literature, 2 producing catecholamines and 1 producing aldosterone. Clinical case: A 39-year-old male patient with arterial hypertension since the age of 38 without target organ involvement or hydroelectrolytic alterations was taken to studies of secondary hypertension, as a positive finding we found aldosterone in 10.5 ng/dl (n &lt;10 ng/dl) and direct renin 0. 0296 mU/L (n &gt;1 mU/L) for an aldosterone-renin ratio of 354 (n &lt;3.7); Confirmation of hyperaldosteronism was performed with a saline solution suppression test, with basal aldosterone of 14.4 ng/dl and post saline of 9.53 ng/dl. (n &lt;5ng/dl). He was taken to localization studies with contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen, finding a low-density left adrenal adenoma. A laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed, on pathology an adrenal cyst was report without nodular lesions. 4 months later clinical and biochemical resolution was confirmed.

Conclusion
This patient is the 4th case published in the literature of a biochemically confirmed functional adrenal cyst, which is important in order not to rule out the presence of adrenal cysts as a possible etiology of hormone overproduction.
Presentation: No date and time listed
LBSAT62 Incidental Diagnosis Of Pheochromocytoma With Left Ventricle Hypertrophy And Bradycardia In A Normotensive Patient
Authors: Eid Mennaallah , Zahra Tasneem , Vargas-Jerez Julia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Pheochromocytoma is a rare catecholamine secreting tumor. It can be associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2(MEN 2), neurofibromatosis type 1 and von hippel-lindau syndromes(1).

Case
36 year old afro american male with no pervious medical or surgical history. Drinks alcohol occasionally. no regular medications or known allergies. Family history is positive for mother with hypertension. He was referred to endocrinology clinic after incidental finding of a left adrenal mass in CT scan. The CT abdomen and pelvis with contrast showed heterogenous enhancing mass in the left adrenal gland of 5.5×4.1×5.3centimeters compressing the anterior margin of left kidney with necrotic and cystic foci. Review of systems was negative, denied headache,palpitations, seizure, sweating and weight loss. Physical examination was remarkable for bradycardia with heart rate of 50BPM. Laboratory work up was significant for high plasma metanephrine 2070 pg/ml normal less than 88, normetanephrine 1983pg/ml normal less than 110, chromogranin A 1259ng/ml normal less than 101.8, 24hr urine metanephrine 13342ug/24hr normal between 58 and 276 and 24hr urine normetanephrine 6596 ug/24hr normal between 156 and729. Thrombocytosis and macrocytic RBCs.12 Lead electrocardiogram showed sinus bradycardia 50BPM with left ventricle hypertrophy Sokolow-Lyon criteria. MRI abdomen showed 4.9×3.8×5.3 centimeters solid mass in the left adrenal gland. MIBG Scan showed intense radiotracer accumulation in the left adrenal gland. He was kept on alpha blockers for three weeks and beta blocker was added in the last week with intravenous fluids on the day of surgery. He underwent uneventful left laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Histopathology showed a 6cm focal non neoplastic pheochromocytoma in the left adrenal gland with negative surgical margins. Genetic test for MEN2A/B-RET was negative.

Conclusion
pheochromocytoma has a variable clinical presentations. The classis triad of episodic headache, sweating and palpitations is infrequent. It can present with electrocardiogram changes of left ventricle hypertrophy without high blood pressure. Rare cases have bradycardia. The secreted interleukins and inflammatory markers can cause thrombocytosis. Treatment is surgical resection with preoperative alpha and beta blockage. Long term follow up is recommended for the recurrence(2). References: | Neumann HPH, Young WF Jr, Eng C. Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma. N Engl J Med 2019; 381: 552. Nazari MA, Rosenblum JS, Haigney MC, Rosing DR, Pacak K. Pathophysiology and acute management of tachyarrhythmias in pheochromocytoma: JACC review topic of the week. J Am Coll Cardiol. (2020) 76: 451-64. doi: 10.1016/j. jacc.2020. 04. 080 |
Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:00 p.m. - 3:00 p.m.
ODP293 Aberant Expression of SF-1 Transcription Factor in ACTH-secreting Pituitary Tumors: Possible Association With Aggressive Disease Evolution
Authors: Nastase Valeria , Burcea Iulia Florentina , Ceausu Amalia Raluca , Cimpean Anca Maria , Raica Marius , Poiana Catalina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cushing's disease represents a rare endocrine disorder caused by hypercortisolism due to an ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor. Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are mostly benign tumors but may have features of invasiveness and aggressiveness. They are clinically classified by their hormone-secreting characteristics. Expression of pituitary hormones in adenohypophyseal cells is controlled by several transcription factors (PIT1 for GH, PRL and TSH lineage, SF1 for gonadotroph lineage and TPIT for ACTH lineage). Eight cases of Cushing's disease (CD) were included in the current study. The diagnostic was sustained by clinical features, hormonal assessment, and radiological findings (pituitary CT or MRI). All patients underwent surgical removal of pituitary tumor using transsphenoidal resection. All tissue specimens were evaluated using histological routine staining (hematoxylin and eosin) and immunohistochemical staining for vimentin, pituitary hormones (GH, PRL, TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH), and transcription factors (PIT1, TPIT, SF1). The intensity IHC scores ranged from 0 to 3+ and a staining higher than 30% (2+) was considered positive for interpreting the results. Based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical data correlated with the evolution of the disease (remission versus persistent disease), five molecular subgroups were identified. Subgroups 1 to 3 had a positive expression of ACTH and TPIT, with variations regarding SF1 expression: there was no expression in subgroup 1, nuclear positivity in 2, and cytoplasmic reaction in 3. Subgroups 4 and 5 consisted of plurihormonal adenomas with unusual immunohistochemical combination. They had IHC positive score for ACTH, GH, TPIT and were differentiated by the expression of SF1: lack of expression in subgroup 4 and intense cytoplasmic reaction in 5. The expression of SF1 was linked to the evolution of the disease, patients from subgroups which did not have SF1 cytoplasmic reaction (1, 2, 4) had remission of CD, while patients in subgroups 3 and 5 had persistent disease (including one case who evolved to exitus due to cardiovascular complications of the severe hypercortisolism). Transcription factors evaluation is important for classifying pituitary adenomas and finding clinicopathological correlations with the aim of providing a better therapeutical approach. In the current study, although SF1 is a marker of gonadotroph lineage (1), its aberrant cytoplasmic expression in CD may contribute to an aggressive evolution and to other cell lineage differentiation (PIT1, TPIT). Neou M et al, Pangenomic Classification of Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors. Cancer Cell. 2020 Jan 13;37(1): 123-134. e5. doi: 10.1016/j. ccell.2019.11. 002. Epub 2019 Dec 26. PMID: 31883967.
Presentation: No date and time listed