bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of urodynamic conditions on bladder sensations and detrusor activity in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Hentzen Claire , Chesnel Camille , Teng Maëlys , Blouet Emilie , Le Breton Frederique , Lagnau Philippe , Miget Gabriel , Amarenco Gerard 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsThe study aimed to assess the impact of bladder filling rate and fluid temperature during urodynamics on bladder sensations and volume of apparition of detrusor overactivity in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).MethodsConsecutive PwMS assessed with a standardized urodynamic test including three consecutive cystometries (20 ml/min, 100 ml/min, and 100 ml/min with 4°C fluid (Ice water test [IWT]) between June 2020 and March 2022 were included in this retrospective study. Data collected were bladder sensation with first desire to void (FDV) and strong desire to void (SDV). The presence of detrusor overactivity (DO) and the volume of the first uninhibited detrusor contraction were recorded.ResultsOne hundred and fifty‐seven patients (mean age 47.4 ± 11.8 years, median EDSS 3 IQR[2–5], 73.9% of women) were included. Increased filling rate induced delayed bladder sensations (FDV 219 ± 109 ml vs. 194 ± 100 ml; SDV 349 ± 113 ml vs. 322 ± 124 ml for 100 ml/min and 20 ml/min filling rate, respectively, p < 0.001). Ice water increased bladder sensations with earlier reports of needs to void (FDV 163 ± 99 ml vs. 218 ± 117 ml; SDV 263 ± 104 ml vs. 351 ± 112 ml respectively; p < 0.001). Thirty‐four patients had DO during both 20 ml/min and 100 ml/min fillings, without difference in the volume of apparition (p = 0.78). Forty‐four patients had DO during both 100 ml/min and IWT. Detrusor overactivity appeared for a reduced volume during IWT compared with room temperature fluid perfusion (−68 ml [−95 to −41]; p < 0.001).ConclusionFilling rate and fluid temperature impact bladder sensations during cystometry in PwMS. Ice water decreased the volume of the first uninhibited detrusor contraction.
Optimal control of discrete‐time nonlinear heterogeneous multi‐agent systems via a distributed DISOPE algorithm
Authors: Wang Zhenhua , Li Junmin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA distributed offline DISOPE algorithm for optimal state synchronization of leader‐follower systems with nonlinear discrete‐time dynamics is considered, which integrates the model optimization idea and parameter estimation technique together. It can be seen that the convergent solutions of modified linear optimal control problems satisfy the optimality conditions of the original nonlinear optimization problem with non‐LQ performance indices. The heterogeneous agents can cooperate and exchange information via network communication. Based on DISOPE algorithm, a distributed optimal control policy is obtained to assure state synchronization and minimize performance indices in finite time horizon. Finally, a simulation example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the distributed DISOPE algorithm.
Foetal loss after chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis in twin pregnancies: A multicentre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Navaratnam Kate , Khairudin Delima , Chilton Robyn , Sharp Andrew , Attilakos George , Stott Daniel , Relph Sophie , Spencer Rebecca , Badr Dominique A. , Carlin Andrew , Jani Jacques , Kilby Mark D. , Sebghati Mercede , Khalil Asma , Alfirevic Zarko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to determine foetal losses for DCDA and MCDA twins following transabdominal CVS or amniocentesis performed <22+0 weeks.MethodsRetrospective cohort study conducted in the UK and Belgium 01/01/00–01/06/20. Cases with unknown chorionicity, monochorionic complications or complex procedures were excluded. Uncomplicated DCDA and MCDA twins without invasive procedures were identified as controls. We reported foetal losses <24+0 weeks and losses of genetically and structurally normal foetuses.ResultsOutcomes were compared for DCDA foetuses; 258 after CVS with 3406 controls, 406 after amniocentesis with 3390 controls plus MCDA foetuses, 98 after CVS with 1124 controls, and 160 after amniocentesis with 1122 controls. There were more losses <24+0 weeks with both procedures in DCDA (CVS RR 5.54 95% CI 3.38–9.08, amniocentesis RR 2.36 95% CI 1.22–4.56) and MCDA twins (CVS RR 5.14 95% CI 2.51–10.54, amniocentesis RR 7.01 95% CI 3.86–12.74). Losses of normal foetuses were comparable to controls (DCDA CVS RR 0.39 95% CI 0.05–2.83, DCDA amniocentesis RR 1.16 95% CI 0.42–3.22, MCDA CVS RR 2.3 95% CI 0.71–7.56, and MCDA amniocentesis RR 1.93 95% CI 0.59–6.38).ConclusionsThis study indicates increased foetal losses for DCDA and MCDA twins following CVS and amniocentesis with uncertain risk to normal foetuses.
Comparison of matched formalin‐fixed paraffin embedded and fresh frozen meningioma tissue reveals bias in proteomic profiles
Authors: Schoffman Hanan , Levin Yishai , Itzhaki‐Alfia Ayelet , Tselekovits Lea , Gonen Lior , Vainer Gilad Wolf , Hout‐Siloni Goni , Barshack Iris , Cohen Zvi R. , Margalit Nevo , Shahar Tal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTissue biopsies are most commonly archived in a paraffin block following tissue fixation with formaldehyde (FFPE) or as fresh frozen tissue (FFT). While both methods preserve biological samples, little is known about how they affect the quantifiable proteome. We performed a ‘bottom‐up’ proteomic analysis (N = 20) of short and long‐term archived FFPE surgical samples of human meningiomas and compared them to matched FFT specimens. FFT facilitated a similar number of proteins assigned by MetaMorpheus compared with matched FFPE specimens (5378 vs. 5338 proteins, respectively (p = 0.053), regardless of archival time. However, marked differences in the proteome composition were apparent between FFPE and FFT specimens. Twenty‐three percent of FFPE‐derived peptides and 8% of FFT‐derived peptides contained at least one chemical modification. Methylation and formylation were most prominent in FFPE‐derived peptides (36% and 17% of modified FFPE peptides, respectively) while, most of phosphorylation and iron modifications appeared in FFT‐derived peptides (p < 0.001). A mean 14% (± 2.9) of peptides identified in FFPE contained at least one modified Lysine residue. Importantly, larger proteins were significantly overrepresented in FFT specimens, while FFPE specimens were enriched with smaller proteins.
Symptomatic preterm infants suffer from lung function deficits, regardless of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Tuková Jana , Koucký Václav , Marková Daniela , Koťátko Petr , Hladíková Marie , Šulc Jan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe long‐term respiratory consequences for children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are well known. However, there is little emphasis on monitoring preterm infants without BPD. Few studies have explored the lung function status of infants with the symptoms of chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD).ObjectiveTo evaluate functional lung deficits in preterm infants with CLD, and to assess the perinatal determinants of diminished lung function.MethodsIn our cross‐sectional study, 132 preterm infants with symptomatic CLD underwent infant pulmonary function testing (iPFT) at a median post‐term age of 0.9 years. The iPFT included bodypletysmography, compliance measurement, tidal breath analysis, and rapid thoracoabdominal compression. The relationships between the respective z scores of the iPFT parameters and perinatal characteristics, postnatal treatment, and BPD status were investigated.ResultsSeventy‐three patients (55.3%) were born before the 28th week of gestation, and 92 (69.7%) met the BPD criteria. Functional deficits were detected in 85.8%. The obstructive ventilatory pattern was more prevalent than restrictive (36.3 vs. 12.4%, p < 0.001). Infants with restriction had lower birth weight (BW) and required a longer duration of oxygenotherapy. In a univariate model, the lung function correlated with the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, gestational week, and BW. In a general linear model, BPD status was not an additional determinant of the iPFT results.ConclusionIPFT may reveal significant functional deficits in preterm infants with CLD even without BPD. The current symptoms and perinatal factors may be more important determinants of functional deficits than the BPD status itself.
Comparative effectiveness of calfactant and beractant in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: A systemic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Haider Samna , Azhar Naveen , Zahid Mariyam , Iqbal Kinza , Shoaib Navaira , Irshad Nuwaira , Siddiqui Arooma Shaukat , Ahmed Jawad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionAnimal derived surfactants are considered to be the standard treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). However, their comparative effectiveness remains inconclusive given the multiple prior studies with inconsistent results. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta analysis to compare the effectiveness of two animal extract surfactants (calfactant and beractant) for the management of NRDS.MethodsWe searched Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies comparing efficacy of calfactant and beractant for the treatment of NRDS. Mean differences (MD) and risk ratios (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using Review Manager.ResultWe found no significant difference between calfactnat and beractant groups in the primary outcomes: neonatal mortality before the age of 28 days (RR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.97–1.46, p = 0.09), mortality before the hospital release (RR = 1.12, 95% Cl = 0.94–1.33, p = 0.22), oxygen requirement at 28 days of age (RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.90–1.05, p = 0.52), and death or oxygen need at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (RR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.91–1.08, p = 0.81). The duration of supplementary oxygen was significantly lower in calfactant users (MD = −4.95, 95% CI = −7.60–−2.30, p = 0.0002). Calfactant significantly lowered the duration of hospital stay, risk of pneumothorax and air leak syndrome whereas beractant users had lower risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (Grades 3 and 4).ConclusionThere is no substantial difference in the efficacy of both surfactants in the prophylaxis and treatment of NRDS.
Influence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia on lung function in adolescents who were born extremely prematurely
Authors: Harris Christopher , Morris Samuel , Lunt Alan , Peacock Janet , Greenough Anne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess if a previous diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was associated with poorer lung function at 16 to 19 years of age, regardless of whether postnatal corticosteroids had been administered.Working HypothesisInfants with BPD will have poorer lung function at 16 to 19 years of age.Study DesignProspective follow‐up study.Patient‐Subject SelectionOne hundred and sixty‐one participants aged between 16 and 19 years who were born at less than 29 weeks of gestation; 87 had had BPD.MethodologyLung function was assessed by spirometry (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, FEF75, FEF50, FEF25, FEF25–75, PEF), impulse oscillometry (R5Hz and R20Hz), plethysmography (FRCpleth, TLCpleth, RVpleth), diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO, DLCO/VA) and lung clearance index (LCI). Questionnaires were used to quantify respiratory symptoms and a shuttle sprint test to assess exercise capacity.ResultsAt 16 to 19 years, those who had had a diagnosis of BPD had poorer airway function (FEV1, FEF75, FEF50, FEF25–75) compared to those without. FVC and DLCO were also poorer in those who had BPD. Those differences remained significant after adjusting for sex, gestational age, and maternal smoking. When excluding those who had received postnatal corticosteroids, differences remained significant in FEV1, FVC, and FEF75. There were no significant differences in exercise capacity or respiratory symptoms between those with and without BPD.ConclusionsIn adolescents and young adults born prematurely, those who had BPD had poorer lung function compared to those without, regardless of whether they had received postnatal corticosteroids.
An advanced LC–MS/MS protocol for simultaneous detection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment
Authors: Yao Wenrui , Ge Jinfeng , Hu Qiaozhuan , Ma Jingying , Yuan Daohe , Fu Xiaoli , Qi Yulin , Volmer Dietrich A. 
Published: September 2022

RationaleThe development of appropriate analytical screening techniques for pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) is the basis for studying the distribution and environmental impact of emerging contaminants (ECs). Mass spectrometry‐based screening methods vary with the complexity of the target compounds. It is challenging to balance both positive and negative ion quantification with a low detection limit. To establish a set of experimental methods including extraction, chromatography‐separation and mass spectrometry screening is one of the most important topics in PPCP research. This paper describes a universal and efficient qualification and quantification protocol for the simultaneous detection of 34 PPCPs in different environmental samples in a single analytical data acquisition run.MethodsThirty‐four representative PPCPs, which are widely distributed in the environment with high ecological toxicity and complex chemical structures, were selected as representative target ECs. The extraction of the target PPCPs was achieved using only one solid‐phase extraction cartridge without the need to adjust the pH of samples. The enriched samples were detected by LC–MS/MS in both positive and negative ion modes simultaneously. The protocol was evaluated based on the accuracy, precision, detection limits and matrix effects.ResultsThis method achieved simultaneous detection of PPCPs in both positive and negative ion modes, with a single analytical cycle of 12 min. The observed SPE recoveries were between 40% and 115%. The instrumental detection limits (IDL) varied from 0.01 to 1 pg, and the method detection limits (MDL) were between 0.002 and 3.323 ng/l in different matrices. Most of the PPCPs were subjected to matrix suppression below 30%. The method was successfully applied for quantitative analysis of the PPCPs in different environmental samples, including river samples, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) samples and soil samples.ConclusionsThis protocol developed a rapid and efficient detection method to simultaneous qualitative and quantitative 34 representative PPCPs in the environment. The IDL ranged from 0.01 to 1 pg and the MDL ranged from 0.002 to 3.323 ng/l in different matrices. The detection limit was one order of magnitude lower compared to previous studies. The protocol also provided a wide application range for different environmental matrices, which permitted the migration and transformation of PPCPs to be explored.
A Student-Led Public Education Project on Dermatology in Skin of Colour
Authors: Loginovic Pavel , Syed Natasha , Parker Alex M. , Williams Nel G. , Mukundu Nagesh Navin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Despite the UK's population rapidly diversifying, the representation of dermatological conditions in skin of colour in education, medical resources, and clinical practice is lagging. Furthermore, resources and advancements created by recent initiatives appear not to be communicated to the general public and are not integrated into medical curricula. In this perspective article, we share our experience from a public-engagement campaign in South West England and propose that student-led initiatives hold the potential to close the existing gap in diversity and racial equity in dermatology by communicating recent efforts within the medical field to the general public. We describe how student-led initiatives allow medical students to advocate for diversity and equity within their institutions while delivering much-needed education to ethnically minoritised communities.
Using goal–question–metric to compare research and practice perspectives on regression testing
Authors: Minhas Nasir Mehmood , Reddy Koppula Thejendar , Petersen Kai , Börstler Jürgen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRegression testing is challenging because of its complexity and the amount of effort and time it requires, especially in large‐scale environments with continuous integration and delivery. Regression test selection and prioritization techniques have been proposed in the literature to address the regression testing challenges, but adoption rates of these techniques in industry are not encouraging. One of the possible reasons could be the disparity in the regression testing goals in industry and literature. This work compares the research perspective to industry practice on regression testing goals, corresponding information needs, and metrics required to evaluate these goals. We have conducted a literature review of 44 research papers and a survey with 56 testing practitioners. The survey comprises 11 interviews and 45 responses to an online questionnaire. We identified that industry and research accentuate different regression testing goals. For instance, the literature emphasizes increasing the fault detection rates of test suites and early identification of critical faults. In contrast, the practitioners' focus is on test suite maintenance, controlled fault slippage, and awareness of changes. Similarly, the literature suggests maintaining information needs from test case execution histories to evaluate regression testing techniques based on various metrics, whereas, at large, the practitioners do not use the metrics suggested in the literature. To bridge the research and practice gap, based on the literature and survey findings, we have created a goal–question–metric (GQM) model that maps the regression testing goals, associated information needs, and metrics from both perspectives. The GQM model can guide researchers in proposing new techniques closer to industry contexts. Practitioners can benefit from information needs and metrics presented in the literature and can use GQM as a tool to follow their regression testing goals.
Paradigm, specialty, pragmatism: Kuhn's legacy to methodological pluralism
Authors: Zhu Zhichang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlongside claims that ‘the methodological pluralism debate has been won’, worries grow just why the victory is not shared by the wider social sciences and applied disciplines. Remedies are sought but mainly tinkering on presentation tactics. Against this status quo, this article argues for a critical reflection on theoretic approaches to methodological pluralism. Seemingly convenient for legitimating diverse methodologies though, the Paradigm root metaphor has from the very beginning trapped methodological pluralism theorising in a no‐win battle. Drawing on Kuhn's later perspective of scientific change as ‘proliferation of specialties’, this article posits that the enhanced evolutionist metaphor fits better with methodological pluralism by depicting the increasing variety of methodologies as deepened division of labour and combined‐use of methodologies as enlarging human competence. In Kuhn's spirit, this article calls for a strongly pluralist, responsive approach, not so much in flexibly ‘managing paradigms’ or ‘living with incommensurability’ as in reflexively deliberating the comparative advantages of adopting different theoretic approaches in terms of efficacy in facilitating compelling theorising and sharing ideas with practitioners.
Dopamine receptor and dopamine transporter in obesity: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Pak Kyoungjune , Seok Ju Won , Lee Myung Jun , Kim Keunyoung , Kim In Joo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe brain plays a major role in controlling the desire to eat. This meta‐analysis aimed to assess the association between dopamine receptor (DR) availability and dopamine transporter (DAT) availability, measured using positron emission tomography, and obesity. We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE (from inception to November 2020) and EMBASE (from inception to November 2020) for articles published in English using the keywords “dopamine receptor,” “dopamine transporter,” “obesity,” and “neuroimaging.” Body mass index (BMI) and the corresponding binding potential (BPND) were extracted from figures in each study using Engauge Digitizer, version 12.1, and plotted for radiopharmaceuticals and regions of interest (ROIs). Five studies involving 119 subjects with DR and five studies including 421 subjects with DAT were eligible for inclusion in this study. In overweight or obese subjects with BMI of 25 kg/m2 or higher, DR availability from 11C‐Racloprie was negatively associated with BMI. However, DR availability from 11C‐PHNO was positively associated with BMI. DAT ratio was calculated after dividing DAT availabilities of overweight/obese BMI with mean DAT availabilities of normal BMI. The association between DAT ratio and BMI was not significant regardless of radiopharmaceuticals. In conclusion, dopamine plays a main role in the reward system with regard to obesity. Overweight and obese subjects had negative association between DR availability from 11C‐Raclopride and BMI. However, the association of DR availability with BMI was dependent on radiopharmaceuticals. DAT availability did not show the significant relationship with BMI regardless of radiopharmaceuticals.
Optimisation of ketamine‐xylazine anaesthetic dose and its association with changes in the dendritic spine of CA1 hippocampus in the young and old male and female Wistar rats
Authors: Sotoudeh Narges , Namavar Mohammad Reza 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundA combination of ketamine‐xylazine (K‐X) is frequently used for anaesthesia in rats. Sex and age affect this cocktail dosage. Ketamine causes a hypnotic effect by blocking NMDA receptors located on the dendritic spine of the CA1 region.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to find the optimal dosage of K‐X and its association with the changes in dendritic spine number of the CA1 region for aged and young rats of both sexes.MethodsWe injected 150–4 mg/kg of K‐X in young and 100–2 mg/kg in aged Wistar rats intraperitoneally and recorded the onset time and duration of anaesthesia and death percentage. Then, animals were sacrificed, brains removed, cut and after Golgi‐Cox staining, the total number of dendritic spines on CA1 was estimated.ResultsThe findings showed that the onset time of anaesthesia lasted longer and its duration lasted shorter, and the number of mature spines decreased with aging, but sex caused no significant effect. The death percentages in young groups comprise 20% and in the aged groups were lower: 5% in males and 0.0% in females.ConclusionsIt seems 100–2 mg/kg of K‐X is an optimal dose in aged rats and retains an association with reduction of the mature dendritic spine of CA1.
COVID-19 and Changing Values
Authors: van de Poel Ibo , de Wildt Tristan , van Kooten Pássaro Dyami 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study value change due to the corona pandemic. With the help of topic modelling, we analysed COVID-related news articles for changes in the frequency of how often these news articles address eleven different values. We looked at news articles from six countries (US, UK, South Africa, India, Japan, South Korea) and new articles spanning a longer period (2016–20); the latter also contained non-COVID news. We find that in the first few months of the pandemic, there is a punctuated shock in the frequency in which values are addressed. While we see a sharp increase in the value of health and safety, we see a significant decline in the values of democracy, privacy, and socio-economic equality. However, after the first months, we see a move in the opposite direction, which suggests that the punctuated shock’s effect may be cancelled over time. We also present – and offer possible explanations for – differences between countries and compare our results with the literature. We do not find evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic confronts us with a moral dilemma of health versus economic welfare, or lives versus livelihoods, as has sometimes been suggested. Our study also indicates a degree of moral resilience in the studied countries, in the sense of the ability to pay attention to morally important values, despite being put under pressure during a crisis.