bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low back pain and associated risk factors among medical students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Sany Shabbir Ahmed , Tanjim Taukir , Hossain Md Ikbal 
Published: February 2022

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Different studies showed the high prevalence of LBP among medical students. However, no study has been conducted on Bangladeshi medical students to estimate the prevalence of LBP. This study determined the prevalence, characteristics, and associated risk factors of LBP among medical students in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2020 among randomly selected 270 medical students and medical interns in Faridpur Medical College, Bangladesh, using an online questionnaire. In data analysis, chi-square test and binary logistic regression were performed, and a p-value of < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: A total of 207 participants responded fully to the survey, and were included in the analysis. The mean age of the participants was 22.4 ± 1.9 years. The point, 6-month, and 12-month prevalence of LBP was 25.6%, 46.9%, and 63.3%, respectively. In most participants, LBP was localized (53.2%), recurrent (64.9%), non-specific (70.8%), affected for a short period (55%), and relieved without receiving any treatment (60.4%). Participants who had a significantly higher 12-month prevalence of LBP included females (72.2% vs 52.2%), with BMI >25 kg/m2 (73.2% vs 56.7%), those who performed physical activity at low to moderate frequency (72.4% vs 29.5%), those who spent > 6 hours/day by sitting (71.3% vs 45.3%), and those who did not have enough rest time (92.7% vs 56%). Ergonomic features of chairs, such as having back support, adjustable back support, and adjustable sitting surface, significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the outcomes. Conclusion: The prevalence of LBP among medical students in Bangladesh was high, and most of the risk factors associated with the high prevalence of LBP were modifiable. Hence, LBP can be prevented by implementing preventive strategies and providing ergonomic training and physical activity facilities.
COPD, exacerbation and self-management: a literature review
Authors: Boyer Paula 
Published: February 2022

The incidence of COPD is rising in the UK. Paula Boyer looks at the evidence for the self-management of COPD and how this can help manage exacerbations Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being increasingly diagnosed in the UK, and is expected to continue to rise due to an ageing population with multiple co-morbidities and exposure to risk factors, such as cigarette smoke, noxious gases and air pollutants. The prevalence of this disease is high in areas of socioeconomic deprivation and among highly industrial areas. The use of self-management plans in COPD is recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), to enable patients with this disease to be competent and confident in taking part in managing their own health condition and recognising signs and symptoms of an exacerbation. The aim of this article is to discuss self-management of COPD and the clinical guidance surrounding exacerbation of disease.
Evaluating potential delays and outcomes of patients undergoing surgical resection for locally advanced and recurrent colorectal cancer during a pandemic
Authors: Javed MA , Kohler A , Tiernan J , Quyn A , Sagar P 
Published: February 2022

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a significant disruption of colorectal cancer (CRC) care pathways. This study evaluates the management and outcomes of patients with primary locally advanced or recurrent CRC during the pandemic in a single tertiary referral centre. Methods Patients undergoing elective surgery for advanced or recurrent CRC with curative intent between March 2020 and March 2021 were identified. Following first multidisciplinary team discussion patients were broadly classified into two groups: straight to surgery (n=22, 45%) or neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery (n=27, 55%). Primary outcome was COVID-19-related complication rate. Results Forty-nine patients with a median age of 66 years (interquartile range: 54–73) were included. No patients developed a COVID-19 infection or related complication during hospital admission. Significant delays were identified in the treatment pathway of patients in the straight to surgery group, mostly due to delays in referral from external centres. Nine of 22 patients in the straight to surgery group had evidence of tumour progression compared with 3 of 27 in the neoadjuvant group (p=0.015839). Seven of 27 patients in the neoadjuvant group showed evidence of tumour regression. During the study, surgical waiting times were reduced, and more operations were performed during the second wave of COVID-19. Conclusion This study suggests that it is possible to mitigate the risks of COVID-19-related complications in patients undergoing complex surgery for locally advanced and recurrent CRC. Delay in surgical intervention is associated with tumour progression, particularly in patients who may not have neoadjuvant therapy. Efforts should be made to prioritise resources for patients requiring time-sensitive surgery for advanced and recurrent CRC.
Exercise-based rehabilitation reduces reinjury following acute lateral ankle sprain: A systematic review update with meta-analysis
Authors: Wagemans Jente , Bleakley Chris , Taeymans Jan , Schurz Alexander Philipp , Kuppens Kevin , Baur Heiner , Vissers Dirk 
Published: February 2022

Research questions
1) Do exercise-based rehabilitation programs reduce re-injury following acute ankle sprain?; 2) Is rehabilitation effectiveness moderated by the exercise’s therapeutic quality, content and volume?

Methods
This systematic review with meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42020210858) included randomized controlled trials in which adults who sustained an acute ankle sprain received exercise-based rehabilitation as an intervention. Databases CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PEDro and Google Scholar were searched for eligible articles (last search: March 2021). ROB II screening tool by Cochrane was used to assess risk of bias and the i-CONTENT tool was used to assess quality of interventions. Both qualitative analysis and quantitative data synthesis were performed.

Results
Fourteen randomized controlled trials comprising 2182 participants were included. Five studies were judged overall low risk of bias and i-CONTENT assessment showed poor to moderate therapeutic quality of exercise across all included articles. Pooled data found significant reductions in re-injury prevalence at 12 months, in favour of the exercise-based rehabilitation group vs usual care (OR: 0.60; 95%CI: 0.36 to 0.99). Pooled data for re-injury incidence showed not-significant results (MD: 0.027; 95%CI: -2.14 to 2.19). Meta-regression displayed no statistically significant association between training volume and odds of re-injury (r = -0.00086; SD: 0.00057; 95%CI: -0.00197 to 0.00025). Results from patient-reported outcomes and clinical outcomes were inconclusive at 1 month, 3–6 months and 7–12 months of follow up.

Conclusion
Exercise-based rehabilitation reduces the risk of recurrent ankle sprain compared to usual care, but there is insufficient data to determine the optimal content of exercise-based interventions. Training volume varied considerably across studies but did not affect the odds of sustaining a re-injury. Effects on patient-reported outcomes and clinical outcomes are equivocal. Future research should compare different exercise contents, training volumes and intensities after ankle sprain.
The relationship between protective factors and common mental disorders among female urban slum dwellers in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Sekoni Olutoyin , Mall Sumaya , Christofides Nicola 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundOn the African continent, many people live in conditions of adversity known to be associated with the onset of mental disorders, yet not all develop a mental disorder. The prevalence of common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety in the general population of Nigeria is comparatively low. Prevalence data of mental disorders in slum settings in Nigeria is sparse. There is a need to better understand the relationship between protective factors and the occurrence of common mental disorders in the Nigerian slum context. This study aimed to describe the relationship between protective factors and the occurrence of common mental disorders among female urban slum dwellers in Ibadan, Nigeria.Methods and findingsA cross sectional household survey of 550 women was conducted in slum settlements in Ibadan, Nigeria. Interviewer administered questionnaires were completed to elicit information on protective factors (social connectedness, self-esteem, social support, resilience) and common mental disorders (depression, anxiety and stress). The DASS-21 was used to measure common mental disorders and protective factors were measured using the Social Connectedness Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Resilience scale and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale. A multivariable logistic regression model was employed to examine associations while adjusting for relevant confounders. Common mental disorders were reported by 14.0% of the respondents. Resilience and social support were found to be protective against reporting symptoms of common mental disorders. Women who reported higher levels of social support and resilience were less likely to report common mental disorders (OR:0.96, 95% CI 0.93, 0.98) and (OR:0.95, 95% CI 0.91, 0.99) respectively. Women who were 65 years and older were also less likely to report the occurrence of common mental disorders (OR:0.38, 95% CI 0.15, 0.98) compared to those aged 18–34 years.ConclusionSocial support and resilience appear to be protective against common mental disorders among these respondents. Further research should be conducted to explore the pathways through which protective factors reduce the likelihood of the occurrence of common mental disorders. This would be important in the development of mental health interventions.
Physiological stress in response to multitasking and work interruptions: Study protocol
Authors: Becker Linda , Kaltenegger Helena C. , Nowak Dennis , Weigl Matthias , Rohleder Nicolas 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe biopsychological response patterns to digital stress have been sparsely investigated so far. Important potential stressors in modern working environments due to increased digitalization are multitasking and work interruptions. In this study protocol, we present a protocol for a laboratory experiment, in which we will investigate the biopsychological stress response patterns to multitasking and work interruptions.MethodsIn total,N= 192 healthy, adult participants will be assigned to six experimental conditions in a randomized order (one single-task, three dual-task (two in parallel and one as interruption), one multitasking, and one passive control condition). Salivary alpha-amylase as well as heart rate as markers for Sympathetic Nervous System Activity, heart rate variability as measure for Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) activity, and cortisol as measure for activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis will be assessed at six time points throughout the experimental session. Furthermore, inflammatory markers (i.e., IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and secretory immunoglobulin-A) will be assessed before and after the task as well as 24 hours after it (IL-6 and CRP only). Main outcomes will be the time course of these physiological stress markers. Reactivity of these measures will be compared between the experimental conditions (dual-tasking, work interruptions, and multitasking) with the control conditions (single-tasking and passive control).DiscussionWith this study protocol, we present a comprehensive experiment, which will enable an extensive investigation of physiological stress-responses to multitasking and work interruptions. Our planned study will contribute to a better understanding of physiological response patterns to modern (digital) stressors. Potential risks and limitations are discussed. The findings will have important implications, especially in the context of digital health in modern working and living environments.
Proposed Hybrid model for Sentiment Classification using CovNet-DualLSTM Techniques
Authors: Ranjan Roop , Daniel A K 
Published: February 2022

The fast growth of Internet and social media has resulted in a significant quantity of texts based review that is posted on the platforms like social media. In the age of social media, analyzing the emotional context of comments using machine learning technology helps in understanding of QoS for any product or service. Analysis and classification of user’s review helps in improving the QoS (Quality of Services). Machine Learning techniques have evolved as a great tool for performing sentiment analysis of user’s. In contrast to traditional classification models. Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) has obtained substantial outcomes and Convolution Neural Network (CNN) has shown promising outcomes in sentiment classification. CNN can successfully retrieve local information by utilizing convolutions and pooling layers. BiLSTM employs dual LSTM orientations for increasing the background knowledge accessible to deep learning based models. The hybrid model proposed here is to utilize the advantages of these two deep learning based models. Tweets of users for reviews of Indian Railway Services have been used as data source for analysis and classification. Keras Embedding technique is used as input source to the proposed hybrid model. The proposed model receives inputs and generates features with lower dimensions which generate a classification result. The performance of proposed hybrid model was compared using Keras and Word2Vec and observed effective improvement in the response of the proposed model with an accuracy of 95.19%.
Espetáculo, indústria cultural e alienação: reflexões sobre o fetichismo da mercadoria e o projeto de dominação das massas
Authors: De Oliveira Gabriela Antoniello 
Published: February 2022

Resumo: Este artigo pretende apresentar algumas reflexões sobre os conceitos de i. sociedade do espetáculo, ii.indústria cultural e iii.a relação entre ambos os conceitos, a partir dos elementos hipnóticos e alienantes presentes na indústria cultural, que é consequência da racionalidade instrumental. A indústria cultural utiliza-se da mercantilização da arte para criar produtos vendáveis e dessa forma se desenvolve a sociedade do espetáculo. Partiremos do pensamento dos filósofos alemães Theodor Adorno e Max Horkheimer, e do filósofo francês Guy Debord. Desenvolver a temática proposta é fundamental para pensarmos a atualidade, partindo da questão: como uma sociedade moderna gera tanta barbárie? Levantamos a hipótese de que a indústria cultural e a sociedade do espetáculo servem ao processo de alienação das massas. É nesse contexto que a mercantilização da arte gera o espetaculismo, produto desejado pelo capitalismo, fortalecendo o aprisionamento do proletariado e provocando a barbárie humana.
Palavras-chave: Espetáculo; Indústria Cultural; Alienação.
Spectacle, cultural industry and alienation: reflections on commodity fetishism and the project of masses domination
Abstract: This article intends to present some reflections on the concepts of i.society of the spectacle, ii.cultural industry and iii.the relationship between both concepts, from the hypnotic and alienating elements present in the cultural industry, which is a consequence of instrumental rationality. The cultural industry uses the commodification of art to create salable products and, in this way, the society of the spectacle develops. We will start from the thinking of the German philosophers Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer, and the French philosopher Guy Debord. Developing the proposed theme is fundamental for us to think about the present, starting with the question: how does a modern society generate so much barbarism? We hypothesize that the cultural industry and the society of the spectacle serve the process of alienation of the masses. It is in this context that the commodification of art generates spectaculism, a product desired by capitalism, strengthening the imprisonment of the proletariat and provoking human barbarism.
Keywords: Spectacle; Cultural Industry; Alienation.

Data de registro: 16/06/2021
Data de aceite: 20/09/2021
Dual notched conformal patch fed 3-D printed two-port MIMO DRA for ISM band applications
Authors: Verma Rasika , Sharma Rohit 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article explores and develops a two-port MIMO Dielectric Resonator Antenna. The proposed antenna consists of two rectangular DRAs on theX-axis, fed by a trapezoidal conformal patch on theY-axis. The proposed antenna may be 3D manufactured using a normal 3D printer and both DRAs are integrated with the substrate to minimise mounting error and improve mechanical strength, which were previously the typical constraints in DRAs. Rectangular Complimentary Split Ring Resonators (R-CSRRs) and Circular Complimentary Split Ring Resonators (C-CSRRs) enable the proposed antenna to be band-notched. The R-CSRRs control the 5–5.75 GHz range, whereas the C-CSRRs control the 4.4–4.8 GHz band, which are the commercial band. By keeping both ports orthogonal, the isolation between them was lowered to less than −15 dB in the operational bands. Later, with the substrate cavity, isolation drops to −19 dB for the operational bands. The suggested antenna is MIMO capable and covers the 3.4 GHz of ISM band (3.4–6.8 GHz). The antenna has a 4 dBi, 3.7 dBi and 6.9 dBi gain in the first, second, and third resonance frequencies. Excellent MIMO capabilities and ease of construction and feeding make this 3D printed antenna suited for the ISM band.
Fractal expression of soil particle-size distribution at the basin scale
Authors: He Yujiang , Lv Dunyu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Soil structure at the basin scale affects the superficial moisture content, heat, salinity balance, and ecological balance of groundwater system. To study the soil particle size fractal characteristics at the basin scale, 188 groups of soil samples were collected over a distance of 258 km in the Ziya River basin of the North China Plain. Particle volume percent was measured using a laser particle size analyzer, and then analyzed by applying the fractal theory to reveal the spatial distribution of soil particle size and soil voids. The results showed that: (1) From the Taihang Mountain piedmont to the coastal area, soil particle-size volume percentages varied in a small range, with the fractal dimension D showing an overall decreasing trend; (2) D showed a significant spatial variation, ranging from 0.13 to 2.188. It was jointly determined by particle uniformity and particle size range; (3) When D
≤ 1, the characteristic fractal size was 30 μm in the basin. When 1 < D
≤ 1.5, the characteristic fractal size was 20 μm and D
a was 1.37, and when D > 1.5, the two parameters were 10 μm and 1.77, respectively. The research results indicated that D can effectively quantify the characteristics of soil structure at a large scale.
Missing growth measurement in Germany
Authors: Schreiber Sven , Schmidt Vanessa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Using detailed establishment-level micro data, this paper analyzes for the German case the hypothesis by Aghion et al. (2019), stating that officially published figures for real output growth would be systematically understated. The effect rests on overstated inflation estimates due to imputed prices for disappearing goods and services varieties, where measurable plant entry and exit dynamics play a crucial rule. Our main results regarding understated real output growth lie in the range of 0.39 to 0.54 average annual percentage points for 1998–2016, which is quite closely in line with existing findings for France, the USA, and Japan (in different periods). We also find that services sectors appear most affected, and that the effect in East Germany is somewhat larger. We investigate different market share proxies, provide additional robustness analysis and also discuss limitations of the approach.
Fabrication of silicotungstic acid immobilized on Ce-based MOF and embedded in Zr-based MOF matrix for green fatty acid esterification
Authors: Zhang Qiuyun , Yang Binbin , Tian Yuanyuan , Yang Xianju , Yu Rongfei , Wang Jialu , Deng Taoli , Zhang Yutao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the present study, a facile solvothermal method was used for the synthesis of silicotungstic acid (HSiW) immobilized on Ce-based metal organic framework (Ce-BDC) and embedded in Zr-based metal-organic framework (UiO-66(Zr)) composite catalyst, namely, Ce-BDC@HSiW@UiO-66 for the production of biodiesel through green fatty acid esterification. The obtained hybrids were characterized by various characterization technologies, including Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, N2 physisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature-programmed desorption of NH3 (NH3-TPD) analysis. The characterization analyses showed that the hybrids have been successfully synthesized. Also, the volume and pore size of UiO-66(Zr) were changed by introducing HSiW@Ce-BDC, and the resulting Ce-BDC@HSiW@UiO-66 possessed the mesoporous structure and relatively high surface area. Simultaneously, the NH3-TPD analysis of Ce-BDC@HSiW@UiO-66 reveals that the acid strength was increased in comparison with HSiW@Ce-BDC. In addition, the composite Ce-BDC@HSiW@UiO-66 demonstrated high catalytic activity, and the oleic acid esterification gave 81.5% conversion at optimum conditions of 0.2 g catalysts, 1:30 oleic acid to methanol molar ratio at 130°C for 4 h. More interestingly, after six recycling cycles, the reduction in the conversion rate was only 4.6%, indicating that Ce-BDC@HSiW@UiO-66 has excellent reusability. Our study provides an effective approach to synthesize multifunctional hybrids for green biofuel production.
Euler-type sums involving multiple harmonic sums and binomial coefficients
Authors: Si Xin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we mainly show that generalized Euler-type sums of multiple harmonic sums with reciprocal binomial coefficients can be expressed in terms of rational linear combinations of products of classical multiple zeta values (MZVs) and multiple harmonic star sums (MHSSs). Furthermore, applying the stuffle relations, we prove that the Euler-type sums involving products of generalized harmonic numbers and reciprocal binomial coefficients can be evaluated by MZVs and MHSSs.
Progressive collapse performance of shear strengthened RC frames by nano CFRP
Authors: Chen Weihong , Lin Boxu , Li Dong , Zhang Jinwen , Cui Shuangshuang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To investigate the effect of nano carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (nano CFRP) on retrofitting reinforced concrete (RC) structures, this article presented the progressive collapse performance of two half-scale four-bay RC frames including one control specimen S1 and specimen S2 with nano CFRP retrofitting beam ends. The progressive collapse performance was discussed by comparing crack patterns, failure mode, load–displacement curves, horizontal displacement, strains, and rotational and energy dissipation capacity. The test results demonstrated that nano CFRP did not change the ductile beam-hinge failure mode, but improved the load-bearing capacity and ductility efficiently, and postpone shear failure of the joint core region obviously. Due to the insufficient development of plastic hinges limited by nano CFRP, S2 failed to enter catenary action, which revealed its own defects in anti-progressive collapse. It was shown that the retrofitting strategy using nano CFRP can substantially improve the mechanical characteristics and implement the strong column-weak beam failure mode.