bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fracture parameters of chevron-notched Al2O3/Nb sandwich specimens
Authors: Bartsch Martin , Zhang Zhe-Feng , Scheu Christina , Rühle Manfred , Messerschmidt Ulrich 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Fracture toughness tests were performed on Al2O3/Nb sandwich specimens using chevron-notched bending bars. These tests allow the independent determination of the fracture toughness K
c at a defined crack velocity and the total work of fracture J
c. The J
c values are much greater than the data for the energy release rate G
c following from K
c. The fracture surfaces were studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results are discussed in terms of the fracture toughness of cleavage in the Al2O3 and severe plastic deformation in the Nb sheet.
Model of growth kinetics of nitrided layer in the binary Fe–N system
Authors: Ratajski Jerzy 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The mathematical description of the kinetics of a layer development is subjectal to a continuous evolution connected with a growing amount of empirical data. Commencing with attempts to describe selected stages of this process, attempts are made at present to mathematically represent phenomena occurring in a gas atmosphere, on the boundary of gas-metal, and in a nitrided material, together with a description of mutual dependencies between these phenomena. The model proposed in this paper, which describes the growth of the zones of a layer nitrided in conditions of a diffusion quasi-equilibrium, is a simple and convenient tool allowing for both the determination of nitrogen diffusion coefficients in the layer’s monophase zones and for forecasting the growth of the layer’s zones as a function of the time of the process and the nitrogen potential.
Einfluss von Molybdän auf die Beständigkeit von Stahlanoden zum Verchromen in „Chromispel-C“-Elektrolyten
Authors: Mantcheva R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Die Beständigkeit und das Anodenverhalten verschiedener Stahlarten, die Molybdän in „Chromispel-C“-Elektrolyten festhalten, wird untersucht. Ziel ist es, geeignete Anoden zu finden, da die klassischen Bleianoden sehr schnell in diesen Elektrolyten unter unkontrollierter Freisetzung von Chlorgas zerstört werden. Es wurde der Einfluss der Verweildauer in der Wanne, die Natur des Anodenmaterials sowie die Anodenstromdichte untersucht. Mit zunehmender Verchromungszeit und Stromdichte nimmt die Geschwindigkeit der chemischen und elektrochemischen Zerstörung der Anoden zu. Ein höherer Gehalt an Molybdän führt zu keiner Verbesserung der chemischen Beständigkeit. Diese lässt sich jedoch durch die Anwesenheit von Silizium in Stählen positiv beeinflussen. Die Schutzwirkung des Molybdäns zeigt sich deutlicher, wenn der Wanne elektrischer Strom zugeleitet wird. Wenn Stahl mit anderen leicht passivierenden Metallen (Ti, Al, u. a.) kombiniert wird, ist die Geschwindigkeit der elektrochemischen Korrosion am niedrigsten. Die Ergebnisse werden im Rahmen gegenwärtiger Theorien über den passiven Zustand der Metalle diskutiert.
Fractal approach to the fluidity of a cement mortar
Authors: He Chun-Hui , Liu Chao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The fluidity of a cement mortar is a key factor for 3-D printing technology and cement-based materials. This paper introduces the measurement of the fluidity according China’s national standard, and a mathematical model is established to reveal main factors affecting the measure accuracy. The result shows the fluidity reveals mainly the rheological property of the mortar, but it is also affected by other measuring conditions, e.g., the vibration properties of the measuring table.
Approach to quantify the resistance of polymeric foams against thermal load under compression
Authors: Himmelsbach Andreas , Standau Tobias , Meuchelböck Johannes , Altstädt Volker , Ruckdäschel Holger 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, numerous techniques are used to quantify the resistance of cellular polymers against a thermal load. These techniques differ in significance and reproducibility and are all dependent on foam density, structure (i.e., cell size and -distribution) and sample geometry. Very different behaviors are expected for extrusion- and bead foams, as well as for amorphous and semi-crystalline polymers. Moreover, established tests use temperature ramps which would lead to temperature gradients within the sample and thus to faulty results. In this study, we developed a new approach from an engineering perspective to minimize these influences. In this approach, the resistance against the thermal load is derived from a steady creep test with defined temperature steps under a mechanical load, which is specifically set for each foam sample depending on its static compression behavior at room temperature. The two-stage test therefore combines (i) a standard quasi-static compression test at room temperature and (ii) a creep test with stepwise increased thermal loading. For each foam type, a rather low mechanical load (stress) is determined from the quasi-static compression test at room temperature; low enough to remain below the collapse strength and avoid irreversible deformation (i.e., buckling and/or breaking of the cell walls). This load is then applied in a creep test where the temperature is increased in defined steps from room temperature to a temperature close to T

g
or T

m
. The stepwise increase and holding of the temperature for a defined time enables a homogeneous temperature in the test specimen. The approach was applied to (i) polystyrene extrusion and bead foams (i.e., XPS and EPS), which have different foam structure, (ii) amorphous and semi-crystalline bead foams of polystyrene (EPS) and polypropylene (EPP), (iii) bead foams with different densities (30, 60, 120, and 210 kg/m3) and (iv) to a new type of bead foam made of the engineering polymer polybutylene terephthalate (E-PBT). The termination criterion for the test is defined as the temperature at which a relative compression of 10% is reached in the creep test with temperature steps. We suggest calling it the heat stability temperature T
HS. For the studied foams, the procedure delivers characteristic T
HS values that allow a good comparison between different polymer matrices and densities. The heat stability temperature T
HS of amorphous PS foams (i.e., XPS and EPS) was determined to be 98 °C, which is close to the glass transition temperature T

g
. Using the same approach, values of 99–107 °C were determined for EPP and 186 °C for the semi-crystalline bead foam E-PBT.
Reliability of conditioned pain modulation in healthy individuals and chronic pain patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nuwailati Rania , Bobos Pavlos , Drangsholt Mark , Curatolo Michele 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is a psychophysical parameter that is used to reflect the efficacy of endogenous pain inhibition. CPM reliability is important for research and potential clinical applications. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the reliability of CPM tests in healthy individuals and chronic pain patients.

Methods
We searched three databases for peer-reviewed studies published from inception to October 2020: EMBASE, Web of Science and NCBI. Risk of bias and the quality of the included studies were assessed. A meta-analysis with a random effects model was conducted to estimate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).

Results
Meta-analysis was performed on 25 papers that examined healthy participants (k=21) or chronic pain patients (k=4). The highest CPM intra-session reliability was with pressure as test stimulus (TS) and ischemic pressure (IP) or cold pressor test (CPT) as conditioning stimulus (CS) in healthy individuals (ICC 0.64, 95% CI 0.45–0.77), and pressure as TS with CPT as CS in patients (ICC 0.77, 95% CI 0.70–0.82). The highest inter-session ICC was with IP as TS and IP or CPT as CS (ICC 0.51, 95% CI 0.42–0.59) in healthy subjects. The only data available in patients for inter-session reliability were with pressure as TS and CPT as CS (ICC 0.44, 95% CI 0.11–0.69). Quality ranged from very good to excellent using the QACMRR checklist. The majority of the studies (24 out of 25) scored inadequate in Kappa coefficient reporting item of the COSMIN-ROB checklist.

Conclusions
Pressure and CPT were the TS and CS most consistently associated with good to excellent intra-session reliability in healthy volunteers and chronic pain patients. The inter-session reliability was fair or less for all modalities, both in healthy volunteers and chronic pain patients.
Ischemic stroke following STA–MCA double bypass
Authors: Zhao Haijun , Tong Xiaoguang , Wang Xu , Ding Maohua , Zhang Kai 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The surgical technique of STA–MCA double bypass is used to improve blood flow supplied by the distal middle cerebral artery (MCA) to the cerebral territory. This retrospective study from a single center aimed to compare the outcomes following STA–MCA double bypass in 12 patients with recurrent ischemic stroke.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data from patients with internal carotid artery occlusion (ICAO) who had undergone STA–MCA double bypass in our center from January 2016 to December 2020. The surgical indications, evaluation of circle of Willis (CoW), changes in cerebral hemodynamic, surgical results, and follow-up results were analyzed.

Results
Post-operative perfusion-weighted imaging showed hemodynamic improvement in all 12 patients. Ten patients (83.33%) showed clinical improvement, and 2 patients (16.67%) had stable disease. No intracranial infections or acute ischemic events occurred. The post-operative National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and modified Barther scores were significantly improved after 180 days of follow-up. Twenty three (96%) anastomoses maintain patency of their bypass vessels, and none had recurrent cerebral infarction during a minimum of 36 months follow-up.

Conclusion
In this small study, in patients with recurrent ischemic stroke without other types of treatment, STA–MCA double bypass surgery was more effective in the subgroup of patients with ICAO and poor blood supply to the CoW and an area of cerebral hypoperfusion that exceeded the area supplied by the MCA.
Transdisziplinäre End-of-Life-Analyse von Windenergieanlagen
Authors: Harder Philipp , Dreßler Daniel , Böning Christian , Stonis Malte 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Für mehr als die Hälfte der ca. 30.000 Windenergieanlagen in Deutschland endet in den kommenden zehn Jahren die 20-jährige EEG-Förderung. Wie technisch-wirtschaftlich optimale Nachnutzungsstrategien aussehen könnten, ist ungeklärt. Das BMWK-Verbundprojekt „TransWind“ verfolgt das Ziel, die End-of-Life-Thematik auf Mikro- und Makroebene transdisziplinär zu analysieren, um Akteure aus Politik, Windbranche sowie Ressourcen- und Kreislaufwirtschaft bei der Auswahl von Nachnutzungsstrategien zu unterstützen.
Anforderungen für den Einsatz von 5G in Produktionsumgebungen
Authors: Boshoff Marius , Miro Michael , Kuhlenkötter Bernd 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Die sich mittels 5G-Netzwerktechnik ergebenden Möglichkeiten werden zwar vielfach als wegweisend für die Produktionsautomatisierung diskutiert, jedoch fehlen Unternehmen häufig eine objektive Entscheidungsgrundlage und die notwendige Erfahrung, um die Vor und Nachteile bzw. das Einsatzspektrum der Technologie einschätzen zu können. Im Projekt 5Guarantee werden daher Fragen rund um den Einsatz von 5G in der Produktion erörtert und zudem Einsatzmöglichkeiten im Bereich der Robotik analysiert.
A Multidisciplinary Approach to Game Day Preparation for Team Sports: A Delphi Study With Expert Consensus
Authors: Mason Billy R.J. , Pumpa Kate L. , McKune Andrew J. , Gill Nicholas D. , Ball Nick B. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mason, BRJ, Pumpa, KL, McKune, AJ, Gill, ND, and Ball, NB. A multidisciplinary approach to game day preparation for team sports: A Delphi study with expert consensus. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1345–1352, 2022—The aim of this study was to identify game day preparation strategies used by performance staff to improve team sport performance and to determine consensus regarding the application and importance of these strategies. Twenty-five performance staff working in high performance or professional team sports participated in this Delphi study, which implemented 3 survey rounds. The first round sought responses to open-ended questions relating to the use of game day preparation strategies. These responses were developed into statements and recirculated (round-2 survey), with subjects asked to rate their level of agreement with each statement. The third and final survey presented revised versions of statements that did not reach a consensus in the previous round, along with new statements derived from subject responses. A thematic analysis of the open-ended responses in the first survey identified 5 key themes relating to game day preparation strategies: “exercise,” “nutrition,” “psychological,” “technical and tactical,” and “other.” The round-2 survey included 38 statements across the 5 themes, with 22 reaching the consensus threshold (≥75%) for agreement. The remaining 16 statements did not reach consensus. The final survey included 18 statements (16 revised and 2 new) with 12 reaching the consensus threshold for agreement. Key preparation strategies identified in this study include structured and progressive warm-ups, strength and power–based priming sessions, individualized nutrition plans, and precooling in hot conditions. Performance staff working in similar environments should consider adopting these strategies to improve athlete or team performance.
Performance Evaluation of Hot Mix Asphalt Reinforced by Basalt Fibers with Various Diameters
Authors: Kou Changjiang , Wu Xing , Kang Aihong , Xiao Peng , Wu Zhengguang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the experimental results to investigate the potential effect of fiber diameters on the performance of hot mix asphalt reinforced by basalt fibers (BFs). BFs with different diameters—7, 13, and 25 μm—were mixed into stone mastic asphalt in a dry process to prepare specimens of BF-reinforced hot mix asphalt. Several tests, such as the uniaxial penetration test, low-temperature beam bending test, immersed Marshall test, and semicircular bending (SCB) test were conducted to evaluate the performances of the specimens. Simultaneously with the SCB test, the digital image correlation (DIC) method was adopted to capture the images and further analyze the crack propagation process of the SCB specimens. According to the findings, the optimal asphalt contents became high with smaller fiber diameters. The 7-μm BFs enhanced the performances of BF-reinforced hot mix asphalt well. The crack propagation rate (v) obtained from the DIC method proved that BFs could well defer the propagation of the cracks. The slippage theory further explicated the strengthening mechanism of the BF-reinforced asphalt mixture.
Non-balanced translocation between the short arms of chromosomes 8 and 6 associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Netto Vitor Scalone , Bellincanta Gabriel , Neto Guido de Paula Colares , de Araujo Evangelista Nara Michelle , Figueiredo Carolina Costa , Salmona Patricia , Tonetto-Fernandes Vânia de Fátima 
Published: February 2022

Summary
We describe a rare case of a girl with an initial diagnostic hypothesis of chromosome 8 trisomy based on clinical findings and karyotyping, which identified a structural change in the short arm of chromosome 8 (46,XX,add(8)(p23)). At the age of 7, she developed type 1 diabetes mellitus and started insulin therapy with multiple daily doses, and then she started to use a continuous insulin infusion system (pump) at 10 years of age. At the age of 12, she underwent a molecular study that identified an unbalanced translocation between the short arms of chromosomes 6 and 8 – 46,XX,add(8)(p23).ish der(8)t(6;8)(GS-196I5+;RP-11338B22−).

Learning points

Patients with an unbalanced translocation between the short arms of chromosomes 6 and 8 – 46,XX,add(8)(p23).ish der(8)t(6;8)(GS-196I5+;RP-11338B22-) may present syndromic features suggestive of chromosome 8 trisomy.

Main characteristics are a prominent forehead, ocular and breast hypertelorism, ocular, external ear and palate abnormalities, a short neck, heart defects, and developmental delay.

Patients with 46,XX,add(8)(p23).ish der(8)t(6;8)(GS-196I5+;RP-11338B22-) may present autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Karyotyping is an essential tool for the diagnosis of chromosomal changes, but it has some limitations.

Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, array-single nucleotide polymorphism and fluorescence in situ hybridization can help diagnose genetic syndromes in patients with atypical evolution.
Adrenal haemorrhage and infarction in the setting of vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis after SARS-CoV-2 (Oxford–AstraZeneca) vaccination
Authors: Graf Anneke , Armeni Eleni , Dickinson Louise , Stubbs Matthew , Craven Brian , Srirangalingam Umasuthan , Chung Teng-Teng 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Rare cases of vaccine-induced Immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT) are being identified after vaccination with the SARS-CoV-2 Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccination. We report on two such patients with associated adrenal involvement, which is now being recognised. Both patients presented with abdominal pain, back pain and vomiting. Case 1 was a 46-year-old male who had received the first dose of the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccination 8 days earlier. Imaging demonstrated a number of serious thrombotic complications including evolving bilateral adrenal haemorrhage (right adrenal haemorrhage identified at presentation, with the left-sided changes only evident on day 4 of the admission). Case 2 was a 38-year-old female who had received the first dose of Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccination 11 days prior. Imaging demonstrated left renal vein thrombosis and left adrenal infarction. VITT was diagnosed in both cases given these changes and other consistent haematological findings. Both patients were treated empirically for adrenal insufficiency, a diagnosis subsequently confirmed in case 1. We report these two cases of VITT presenting with adrenal complications (haemorrhage and infarction) after Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccination to highlight the association and the need for prompt management of co-existing adrenal insufficiency, especially given the potential for evolving adrenal involvement.

Learning points

Adrenal complications (thrombosis/infarction/haemorrhage) may develop as a part of vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia (VITT) after SARS-CoV-2 Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccination.

Evolving adrenal involvement is possible and ongoing assessment is required to identify this promptly.

Cortisol levels may be difficult to interpret when assessing for adrenal insufficiency, given high doses of corticosteroids may be used to manage VITT.

Clinicians should have a low threshold for starting empirical replacement with corticosteroids until reliable assessment of adrenal function can be performed.
Central hypothyroidism related to antipsychotic and antidepressant medications: an observational study and literature review
Authors: Keen Frederick , Chalishazar Anuja , Mitchem Kelly , Dodd Alan , Kalhan Atul 
Published: February 2022

Objective
To investigate the final diagnosis and clinical outcome of patients referred to endocrinology in our district general hospital with biochemical isolated central hypothyroidism (CeH), and whether there is an association between this biochemical picture and treatment with antidepressant and antipsychotic medications.

Methods
We performed a retrospective observational study of patients referred to endocrinology with unexplained biochemical isolated CeH over a 5-year period.

Results
Of the 29 patients included in the study, 4 were found to have a partially empty or empty sella and 1 to have a bulky pituitary gland which was deemed to be an incidental radiological finding. No patients had any clinically significant pathology. On reviewing their medications, 18/29 (62%) were found to be on psychotropic medications.

Conclusions
Our study suggests a relationship between patients on psychotropic medications and biochemical isolated CeH, an association only described in a very limited amount of literature prior to this. The mechanism behind this may be suppression of TSH secretion via antagonism of the dopamine-serotoninergic pathway. Determining a correlation between psychotropic medications and isolated CeH could lead to the avoidance of further radiological investigations and unnecessary anxiety for patients. However, a larger observational study is needed to provide further evidence to support/refute our finding.
Standar Kelayakan Berita Headline di Media Online
Authors: Muhaemin Abdul , AS Enjang , Marfuah Luk Luk Atin 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAK
Informasi menjadi hal yang penting bagi masyarakat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, penyebaran informasi saat ini masih diterapkan dalam berbagai media baik itu media cetak, elektronik hingga media online. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui berbagai kriteria redaksi Pikiran-Rakyat.com dalam mempubilkasikan suatu berita yang dijadikan sebagai headline. Sesuai dengan standar kelayakan berita yaitu penting, menarik, aktual dan faktual. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan jenis data kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi dari situs Pikiran-Rakyat.com. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Gatekeeping yang dikemukakan oleh Kurt Lewin. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa Pikiran-Rakyat.com menjadikan berita yang terkait dengan Bandung, Jawa Barat dan Persib Bandung sebagai berita yang penting dan mendapatkan porsi khusus untuk dijadikan sebagai headline. Dari aspek menarik Pikiran-Rakyat.com sering menjadikan headline adalah berita yang tengah viral serta berita-berita ringan seperti gaya hidup, trend, fashion, hingga film. Untuk berita aktual yang dijadikan headline adalah tentang peristiwa terbaru yang bersifat penting untuk diketahui oleh masyarakat seperti breaking news. Sementara untuk berita headline berdasarkan aspek faktual, Pikiran-Rakyat.com memprioritaskan berita yang diliput langsung oleh wartawan ke lapangan.
Kata Kunci : Media Online; Standar Berita; Headline.
ABSTRACT
Information becomes an important thing for the community in daily life, information dissemination is still applied in various media, both print, electronic and online media. The purpose of this research is to find out various editorial criteria of Pikiran-Rakyat.com in publishing a story that is used as a headline. In accordance with the standards of news feasibility that is important, interesting, actual and factual. The method used in this research is descriptive method with qualitative data types. Methods of collecting data using the method of observation, interviews and documentation from the site Pikiran-Rakyat.com. The theory used in this study is the Gatekeeping theory proposed by Kurt Lewin. The results of this study that Pikiran-Rakyat.com make news related to Bandung, West Java and Persib Bandung as important news and get a special portion to be used as headlines. From the interesting aspect, Pikiran-Rakyat.com often makes headlines a viral news and light news such as lifestyle, trend, fashion, and film. For the actual news that is used as a headline is about the latest events that are important to be known by the public such as breaking news. While for headline news based on factual aspects, Pikiran-Rakyat.com prioritizes news that is covered directly by reporters to the field.
Keywords: Online media; News Standard; Headline.