bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minority Stress in Emotion Suppression and Mental Distress Among Sexual and Gender Minorities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Dandona Anu , Sharma Vibha , Zaidi S. Z. H. 
Published: September 2022

Background: The existing structural framework of defining gender and sexuality based on heteronormative ideology led to the succession of the notions of stigma, prejudice, and hate towards the sexual and gender minority population. The presence of strong scientific evidence for the negative consequences of discriminatory and violent events has directed the association with mental and emotional distress. This study aims to comprehend the role of minority stress in emotional regulation and suppression among the sexual minority population globally using systematic review of literature through elaborate Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Summary: The analyses of the sorted literature premised on the PRISMA guidelines revealed that minority stress mediates the emotion regulation processes among the individuals who witness continuous episodes of discrimination and violence leading to emotional dysregulation and emotion suppression. Studies also reported the dominance of various health-risk behaviors such as alcohol addiction, drug abuse, and other forms of intoxication among sexual minority individuals. Increased instances of anxiety, stress, depression, and suicidal ideations were prominent in the findings of the empirical research suggesting an intricate role of minority stress in advancing the faulty emotion suppression and mental health concerns among the sexual and gender minority population. Key message: Minority stressors among sexual and gender minority individuals mediate emotion suppression and mental distress.
Influence of Parenting on Maladaptive Schemas and Emotion Regulation in Adolescents Presenting With Self-Injurious Behavior in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India
Authors: Shrivastava Osheen , Sharma Prerna 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Parenting is a key factor in development of cognitive and emotional patterns of viewing self, others, and the world. The present study aimed to explore the influence of parenting on early maladaptive schemas (EMS) and emotion regulation in individuals presenting with self-injurious behavior. Method: A total of 32 adolescents with self-injurious behavior aged 15 to 18 years participated in this cross-sectional exploratory study. Measures used were Parental Handling Questionnaire, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and Young Schema Questionnaire—Short Form. Results: The results indicate a significant negative correlation of parental care with lack of emotional clarity ( r = −0.403, P < .05) with schema of self-punitiveness ( r = −0.179, P < .05) and a significant positive correlation with emotional inhibition ( r = 0.423, P < .05) and schema of admiration seeking ( r = 0.364, P < .05). Parental control was found to be significantly positively correlated with schemas of pessimism ( r = 0.350, P < .05) and significantly negatively correlated with admiration seeking ( r = 0.477, P < .01). Parenting was also found to be a significant predictor for emotion regulation and EMS ( P < .05). Conclusion: Parenting has a significant influence on emotional regulation and EMS. Findings have a bearing on future research and targeted interventions in clinical care settings.
Risk Factors Associated With Postoperative Pulmonary Infection in Elderly Patients With Hip Fracture: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Lv Chang , Chen Shaomin , Shi Tianhui , Jia Man 
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to conduct a longitudinal study to explore the influencing factors of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with hip fracture after surgery, to provide evidence and reference for the early identification and nursing care of patients at high risk of postoperative pulmonary infection. A secondary analysis was conducted of electronic medical record data from elderly patients with hip fractures treated in a tertiary hospital from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021. A total of 526 patients were included. Age ≥70 years (odd ratio [ OR] 2.042, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.516–4.022]), history of smoking ( OR 2.755, 95% CI [2.009–3.175]), time from fracture to operation ≥5 days ( OR 3.117, 95% CI [1.925–3.911]), American Society of Anesthesiologists grade ≥II ( OR 1.254, 95% CI [1.053–1.921]), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( OR 2.832, 95% CI [1.775–3.808]), hypoproteinemia ( OR 1.395, 95% CI [1.022–1.841]), red blood cell distribution width >15% ( OR 3.142, 95% CI [2.104–4.172]), intensive care unit stay ( OR 2.174, 95% CI [1.083–3.718]) and duration of mechanical ventilation ≥180 minutes ( OR 3.117, 95% CI [2.199–4.807]) were the independent risk factors (all p < .05). Early nursing care should be taken for patients with risk factors to reduce the pulmonary infection.
Psychological and Peer Difficulties of Children with Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Branson Emma K. , Branson Victoria M. , McGrath Roisin , Rausa Vanessa C. , Kilpatrick Nicky , Crowe Louise M. 
Published: September 2022

Objectives A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to determine if children born with cleft lip and/or palate are at increased risk of psychological and peer difficulties, and if so, which difficulties they develop. Methods EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched for English language studies published between January 2005 and January 2022 which investigated the psychological outcomes and peer function of children with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate. Outcomes included internalizing problems, such as anxiety and depression, externalizing problems, such as hyperactivity, conduct disorders, self-concept including self-image and self-esteem, peer problems, resilience, coping, and overall psychological function. A risk of bias assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random effects models were used in the meta-analysis to compare the outcomes for children born with a cleft and those without. Results In total 41 studies met inclusion criteria, with 9 included in the meta-analysis. Children born with a cleft appear to have similar psychological outcomes compared to normative controls when using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. There are some minor differences between self-report and parent report, with parents generally reporting that their child with a cleft has increased emotional, conduct, and hyperactivity problems. The small differences between the study cohort and control cohorts are unlikely to imply any differences on a clinical level. Conclusions Overall psychological outcomes appear to be similar between children born with a cleft and the nonaffected population, however, some symptoms such as anxiety and depression appear higher in children with cleft lip and/or palate.
Integrating autistic perspectives into autism science: A role for autistic autobiographies
Authors: Dinishak Janette , Akhtar Nameera 
Published: September 2022

Autism science faces several conceptual and ethical challenges. These include fundamental issues such as how to characterize autism and the fact that research findings and how they are interpreted sometimes contribute to negative perceptions of autistic people. We argue that some of these challenges can be addressed by centering the perspectives of autistic people and focus on one way to accomplish this: having non-autistic researchers critically engage with personal accounts of autistic experience. We discuss some of the advantages and challenges of engaging with these accounts and argue that they can play a role in the reform of autism science.Lay abstractAutism science faces challenges in how to think about autism and what questions to focus on, and sometimes contributes to stigma against autistic people. We examine one way that non-autistic researchers may start to combat these challenges: by reading and reflecting on autistic people’s descriptions of their personal experiences (e.g. autobiographies) of what it is like to be autistic. In this article, we review some of the advantages and challenges of this approach and how it may help combat some of the challenges currently facing autism science by focusing studies on the questions autistic people find most important, counteracting stereotypes, and increasing understanding of autistic experiences.
Couple similarity with respect to physical and mental disabilities
Authors: Dammeyer Jesper , Umino Ayumi , Chapman Madeleine 
Published: September 2022

Aims: Existing research on relationships provides strong evidence of couple similarity on a wide range of variables including physical attributes, abilities, and attitudes. However, couple similarity with respect to disability has not been researched. This study investigated couple similarity with respect to both physical and mental disabilities, as well as associations with life satisfaction, among adult cohabiting couples in Denmark. Methods: The study analysed data on self-reported mental and physical disabilities from a national survey involving 18,957 participants aged 16 to 65 years. Results: The results showed that participants with a disability were more likely to have a partner with a disability. Further, results showed similarity by type and severity of disability as well as age of onset of disability. Having a partner with a disability was found to be associated with low life satisfaction among men with a disability. Results also showed an association among men with a disability between low life satisfaction and the onset of their disability after (as opposed to before) the start of their relationship. These associations were not found among women with a disability. Conclusions: The findings provide clear evidence for couple similarity with respect to disability. Findings on life satisfaction showed gender differences that might be explained by cultural gender norms that may play a particular role with respect to disability. Longitudinal research is required to research the factors that mediate how having or developing a disability affects relationships and wellbeing over time.
Long-Term Outcomes of Nonoperative and Surgical Management of Paget-Schroetter Syndrome
Authors: Hoexum Frank , Jongkind Vincent , Coveliers Hans M. E. , Wisselink Willem , Yeung Kak Khee 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: In Paget-Schroetter Syndrome (PSS), subclavian vein thrombosis is caused by external compression of the subclavian vein at the costoclavicular junction. Paget-Schroetter Syndrome can be treated nonoperatively, surgically, or with a combination of treatments. Nonoperative management consists, in most cases, of anticoagulation (AC) or catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT). With surgical management, decompression of the subclavian vein is performed by resection of the first rib. No prospective randomized trials are available to determine whether nonoperative or surgical management is superior. We report our long-term outcomes of both nonoperative and surgically treated patients. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all patients with PSS who were treated between January 1990 and December 2015. Patients were divided based on primary nonoperative or primary surgical therapy. Long-term outcomes regarding functional outcomes were assessed by questionnaires using the “Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand” (DASH) questionnaire, a modified Villalta score, and a disease-specific question regarding lifestyle changes. Results: In total, 91 patients (95 limbs) were included. Seventy patients (73 limbs) were treated nonoperatively and 21 patients (22 limbs) surgically. Questionnaires were returned by 67 patients (70 limbs). The mean follow-up was 184 months (range, 43–459 months). All functional outcomes were better in the surgical group compared with the nonoperatively treated group (DASH general 3.11 vs 9.86; DASH work 0.35 vs 11.47; DASH sport 5.85 vs 17.98, and modified Villalta score 1.11 vs 3.20 points). Surgically treated patients were more likely to be able to continue their original lifestyle and sports activities (84% vs 40%, p=0.005). Patients with recurrence of thrombosis or the need for surgical intervention after primary nonoperative management reported worse functional outcomes. Conclusion: Surgical management of PSS with immediate CDT followed by first rib resection leads to excellent functional outcomes with low risk of complications. The results of nonoperative management in our non-matched retrospective comparative series were satisfactory, but resulted in worse functional outcomes and more patients needing to adjust their lifestyle compared with surgically treated patients. Clinical Impact Patients with Paget-Schroetter Syndrome and their attending physicians are burdened by the lack of evidence concerning the optimal treatment of this entity. Case series comparing the outcomes of non-operative treatment with surgical treatment are scarce and often not focussed on functional outcomes. Data from this series can aid in the shared decision making after diagnosis of Paget-Schroetter Syndrome. Functional outcomes of non-operative management can be satisfying although high demand patient who are not willing to alter their daily activities are probably better off with surgical management.
Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Phytochemical and FTIR Analysis of Peganum harmala (Fruit) Ethanolic Extract From Cholistan Desert, Pakistan
Authors: Shaheen Ghazala , Ashfaq Arslan , Shamim Tahira , Asif Hafiz Muhammad , Ali Akhtar , Rehman Sajid-ur- , Sumreen Laila 
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Peganum harmala fruit. Ethanolic extract was prepared and phytochemical screening showed the presence of a lot of chemical compounds. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra indicated the presence of organic acids, hydroxyl and phenolic compounds, amino groups, aliphatic compounds, and functional groups such as amide, ketone, aldehyde, aromatics, and halogen compounds. Antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of P. harmala by the DPPH method showed 71.4% inhibition, whereas IC50 ± SEM (μg/mL) was .406 ± .11. Antibacterial activity was performed against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bordetella bronchiseptica. Maximum antibacterial activity was exhibited by Bacillus subtilis (24.33 ± 2 mm) and Bacillus pumilus (23.33 ± 2 mm). Zone of inhibition was 19 ± 2 mm by P. aeruginosa, and it was 18.33 ± 2 mm by Bordetella bronchiseptica. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis had inhibitory effect in the range of 12.33 ± 2 mm and 13.66 ± 3 mm, respectively. 11.66 ± 2 mm and 10 ± 2 mm was zone of inhibition by Micrococcus luteus and E. coli, respectively. Antifungal activity was performed against Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans. Ethanolic extract of P. harmala showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus (5 ± 1 mm) and Candida albicans (4 ± 1 mm) . Mild antifungal activity was reported by Aspergillus fumigatus ( 3 ± 1 mm), whereas no activity was exhibited by Aspergillus terreus. Further research is needed in order to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of P. harmala as well.
Rockwood type III is the most common type of acromioclavicular joint dislocation: A prospective cohort study investigating the incidence and epidemiology of acute acromioclavicular joint dislocations in an urban population
Authors: Haugaard Kristine Bramsen , Bak Klaus , Seem Kristoffer , Hölmich Per , Barfod Kristoffer Weisskirchner 
Published: September 2022

Introduction Acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocations are common, but basic epidemiological features and sub-classification are not well investigated. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence and epidemiology of acute AC joint dislocations in the capital region of Denmark. Methods All patients with acute AC joint dislocation admitted to the emergency departments at 3 University Hospitals serving a population of 549,225 residents were prospectively registered from January to December 2019. Patients with trauma to the shoulder, pain from the AC joint and increased coracoclavicular distance on radiographs were included and classified according to Rockwood's classification. Data on age, sex and mechanism of injury were registered. Results A total of 106 patients, male:female ratio 8.6:1, were included. Rockwood type III was most common accounting for 59/106(55.7%) of the injuries. The incidence was 19.3 per 100,000 person-years at risk (PYRS). The age distribution was bimodal peaking at the ages of 20–24 and 55–59 years. The most common mechanism of injury was sports, 80/106, with cycling accounting for 51/106. Discussion/Conclusion Rockwood type III was the most common type of AC joint dislocation constituting 55.7% of the injuries. The incidence was 19.3 per 100,000 PYRS. Young and middle-aged males were at highest risk and most injuries occurred during sports.
Features of incident reports that prompt reviewer feedback and organisational change: A retrospective review
Authors: Shanmuga Anandan Aathavan , Johnson David 
Published: September 2022

Objectives Identifying and recording system failures through incident reporting and enacting appropriate preventative change improves patient outcomes. This study identified the characteristics of a hospital incident report, based on severity of incident (Safety Assessment Code (SAC)) score, classification of report and reporter occupation, that prompted reviewer feedback and stimulated organisational change. Methods Incident reports registered within the RiskMan data repository between January to December 2020 were collated. During the 12-month period, a total of 2250 reports were recorded within the data repository. Feedback was provided for 71 of these reports, with 19 of these reports constituting organisational change. Results Four key findings were determined by the study. Deterioration was the most likely classification of the incident report to receive feedback, as well as feedback of organisational change. SAC 1 reports were significantly more likely to receive feedback than SAC 3 & 4. There was no significant difference in receiving organisational change feedback between SAC 1 and SAC 2. Incident reports by ‘medical’ staff were significantly more likely to receive feedback than ‘nursing’, ‘admin’, and ‘other’ occupations. Conclusions This study identified characteristics of incident reporting that result in organisational change recommendations. The small number of incident reports that received feedback is an area for improvement in this clinical site. Understanding the nature of the incident reports that are prioritised when making organisational change can shed light on further areas for improvement. Future investigations could examine which recommendations were implemented, as well as evaluate the barriers and enablers to executing change.
Utilizing Simulation as a Means to Teach Diagnostic Medical Sonography: A Multi-Site Discipline-Based Educational Research Project
Authors: Evans Kevin D. , Mohammad Sundus H. , Stigall-Weikle Nicole , Yang Qian , Sommerich Carolyn M. 
Published: September 2022

Objective: This discipline-based educational research (DBER) project was designed to longitudinally study the influence of high-fidelity computer-based sonography simulators (HFCBSSs) on student learning. The research question was: Can the implementation of HFCBSS improve clinical skills for sonography students, beyond traditional methods? Materials and Methods: HFCBSSs were shipped to three educational sites for implementation. A quasi-experimental design was utilized across the three educational sites. Educational materials, simulator guides, and assessment templates were developed for implementation. The educational sites revised their standard curricula to allow for students to develop skills with HFCBSS, low-fidelity simulation (e.g. phantoms), and sonographic evaluation of peer classmates. A control group of graduating sonography students was assessed having no HFCBSS experience. Those assessment scores were used as an educational threshold. Successive cohorts of students across the educational sites were assessed as they progressed through their first year. Results: First-year sonography students, exposed to the revised simulation curricula, demonstrated higher median assessment scores, on most sonographic examinations, than the control-group student scores. Those student cohorts that were exposed to the revised simulation curricula but demonstrated a lower median assessment score were remediated to make sure they were ready for clinical placement. Students, across all three educational sites, rated their experience with the HFCBSS as second only to gaining patient examinations in their sonography clinical placements. Conclusion: This educational research project spanned three educational sites, with varied curricula, but it did demonstrate HFCBSS is a useful and effective educational tool. It also demonstrated how preclinical sonographic skill assessments can ensure students get lab-based remediation prior to clinical placement. These results are exclusive to this cohort and should be replicated at other sites, for concurrence.
Macrophage- and BCR-derived but not TLR-derived signals support the growth of CLL and Richter syndrome murine models in vivo
Authors: Martines Claudio , Chakraborty Supriya , Vujovikj Marija , Gobessi Stefania , Vaisitti Tiziana , Deaglio Silvia , Laurenti Luca , Dimovski Aleksandar J. , Efremov Dimitar G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A large amount of circumstantial evidence has accumulated suggesting that Toll-like receptor (TLR) signals are involved in driving chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cell proliferation, but direct in vivo evidence for this is still lacking. We have now further addressed this possibility by pharmacologically inhibiting or genetically inactivating the TLR pathway in murine CLL and human Richter syndrome (RS) patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells. Surprisingly, we show that pharmacologic inhibition of TLR signaling by treatment with an IRAK1/4 inhibitor delays the growth of the transplanted malignant cells in recipient mice, but genetic inactivation of the same pathway by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated disruption of IRAK4 or its proximal adaptor MyD88 has no effect. We further show that treatment with the IRAK1/4 inhibitor results in depletion of macrophages and demonstrate that these cells can support the survival and enhance the proliferation of both murine Eμ-TCL1 leukemia and human RS cells. We also show that genetic disruption of the B-cell receptor (BCR) by CRISPR/Cas9 editing of the immunoglobulin M constant region gene inhibits the growth of human RS-PDX cells in vivo, consistent with our previous finding with murine Eμ-TCL1 leukemia cells. Finally, we show that genetic disruption of IRAK4 does not result in negative selection of human CLL cell lines xenografted in immunodeficient mice. The obtained data suggest that TLR signals are unlikely to represent a major driver of CLL/RS cell proliferation and provide further evidence that signals from macrophages and the BCR promote the growth and survival of CLL and RS cells in vivo.