bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression and quality of life among elderly
Authors: Sahoo Soumya S. , Kaur Vazinder , Panda Udit K. , Nath Bhola , Parija Pragyan P. , Sahu Dinesh P. 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
Depression among elderly is an emerging public health concern. Along with other comorbidities, depression affects the quality of life and functional ability of the geriatric population. This study aimed to assess the depression and quality of life among elderly and compare these parameters among the inhabitants of old age home and in the community.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among the elderly of the community and old-age homes in the urban areas of Raipur, Chhattisgarh between March and July 2016. Hundred elderly (50 in each group) participated in the study. Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (GDS-15) and Older People Quality of Life (OPQoL)-35 scale were used to assess the geriatric depression and quality of life, respectively. Association between depression and demographic variables were analyzed by Chi-square/Fisher's exact test. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated between GDS-15 and OPQoL-35 scale.

RESULTS:
The prevalence of geriatric depression was 59%. Quality of life was better among the old-age home elderly participants than that of community elderly when compared for score of life over all (11.78 vs. 13.56), health (12.8 vs. 14.0), social relationship (10.48 vs. 13.9), control over life (11.92 vs. 14.08), home and neighborhoods (9.38 vs. 12.36), psychological and emotional wellbeing (10.96 vs. 13.7), financial circumstances (14.5 vs. 16.7), and leisure and activities (13.86 vs. 15.28). Moderate positive correlation was observed between depression and quality of life.

CONCLUSION:
The higher prevalence in our study emphasizes the need to delineate the actual burden in the elderly population and provide necessary supportive measures. It needs to be addressed adequately through a coordinated primary care approach and community and social support. Timely and adequate management of depression can improve the quality-of-life outcomes.
Impact of COVID-19 on postgraduate medical education
Authors: Arora Manali , Waikhom Premila , Azad Sheenam , Thakker Vishal , Azad Rajiv Kumar , Srivastava Rajendra Kumar 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
The corona virus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused widespread effect on the lives of health care professionals. The postgraduate medical students, who are the major pillars of medical institutions had to bear multitude of setbacks due to the pandemic involving academic, research and well-being issues.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a cross sectional feedback based online survey done in the month of October 2021 to study the effect of COVID-19 pandemic induced changes in the postgraduate medical education; amongst 78 students pursuing MD/MS degree in all departments of a tertiary medical institute in Himalayan foothills of North India. The questionnaire consisted of ten questions; each of which needed to be answered on a five point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. Results were assessed for the most common answers of each question (represented by mode) and association between various components of the questionnaire analyzed by Spearman's rho correlation coefficient.

RESULTS:
The internal consistency of the questionnaire as tested by Cronbach's Alpha (0.82) was good. Most number or respondents were from surgical branches (n = 31, 39.74%). There was a generalized agreement towards preference of resumption of onsite education (75.64%), the lack of variety of cases causing hampering of thesis work (88.46%) and increased mental stress during the pandemic (58.9%). While more time for self-study was seen as the only consensual positive aspect of online teaching (64%), most students opined that technical glitches are a major roadblock in online education (80.76%). Significant positive correlation was seen between disciplinary ease and punctuality in online teaching (R = 0.543, P < 0.001), lack of interaction and its effect on learning and mental health (R = 0.471; P < 0.001) and the lack of diversity in cases and difficulties in dissertation work (R = 0.351; P < 0.05). Negative correlation was observed between the satisfaction from overall learning through online teaching and the desire of resumption of offline classes (R = −0.491; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on medical education are long lasting. A comprehensive approach is required to rebuild the medical education curriculum, inculcating both traditional and newer virtual methods of education. A consistent support in academics and overall growth needs to be provided to medical postgraduate residents who have been the first line fighters in face of the massive disaster compromising their basic needs and education.
Factors affecting the health literacy status of patients with type 2 diabetes through demographic variables
Authors: Ziapour Arash , Ebadi Fard Azar Farbod , Mahaki Behzad , Mansourian Morteza 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
Health literacy (HL) is the ability of a person to acquire the process, understand the necessary health information, and make the health services needed for conscious health decisions. Besides, diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder that affects patients’ quantity and quality of life. This study focused on determining the factors that affect the HL status of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) through the role of the demographic variables.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This descriptive-analytical research survey recruited a sample based on 280 patients with T2D at the Diabetes Research Center of Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah in 2020. This study selected patients with T2D using a simple random sampling technique. The study applied the demographic information questionnaire and the Functional, Communicative, and Critical HL Scale to collect data from patients with T2D. This study used the SPSS version 23 on the received data sets to perform statistical analysis, including t-test, analysis of the variance, and multiple regression, to predict the factors affecting HL among diabetes patients.

RESULTS:
The study results showed that the mean age of the participating patients with T2D was 55.80 ± 13.04. The results indicated the mean score and standard deviation of total HL score in patients with T2D 2.70 ± 0.44. The findings specified a statistically significant relationship between HL, gender, education, occupation, income, and place of residence. Results indicated that β-coefficients of the multiple regression analysis and the income variable (β = 0.170), age (β = 0.176), and employment variable (β = 0.157). These are the most predictive of the HL of patients with T2D.

CONCLUSION:
The results of this study specified that the HL rate of individuals with diabetes type 2 is average. The potential communicative and critical HL influence is essential for communication and education for diabetes patients in the primary health-care system settings. The findings indicate that communicative and critical HL related to patients’ management and functional HL looks passable in this study.
Perception of educational environment with an assessment of motivational learning strategies and emotional intelligence as factors affecting medical students’ academic achievement
Authors: Kasemy Zeinab Abdelaziz , Kabbash Ibrahim , Desouky Dalia , El-Raouf Shaimaa Abd , Aloshari Samar , El Sheikh Ghadeer 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
This study aimed to investigate how medical students perceive their educational environment, as well as the implications of motivation, learning strategies, and the factor of emotional intelligence on academic achievement.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In a cross-sectional study, 3384 undergraduate students were recruited from randomly selected Egyptian medical colleges. Students from second to final year, taking fundamental and clinical courses and, at a minimum, three professional exams, were enrolled and subjected to the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure scale, the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire, and Emotional intelligence questionnaire.

RESULTS:
The overall mean age of the studied students was 21.42 ± 1.61 years. Females represented 63.5%, rural residents were 52.2% and students with enough income represented 88.0%. The traditional system adopted 28.4% of the students versus 71.6% in the integrated system. Linear regression using path analysis was conducted to study the predictors of academic achievement, and it revealed that motivation was the highly significant predictor of academic achievement (β = 2.68, CI95%:2.35–3.05, P < 0.001), followed by learning (β = 1.09, CI95%:0.80–1.41, P < 0.001), emotional intelligence (β = 0.92, CI95%:0.87–0.97, P < 0.001), and the educational environment (β = 0.14, CI95%:0.13–0.15, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
The study's findings have implications for medical educators trying to understand the personal factors that influence learning and performance in medical school. Students’ motivation was the highly significant predictor of academic achievement followed by learning, emotional intelligence, and educational environment. Perception of the learning environment had improved because of the integrated student-centered system, which fosters motivation and emotional intelligence. To improve learners’ EI, optimal learning, and educational outcomes, the EI components can be taught and fostered.
The effect of modern technology app on the self-regulation skills of students with disabilities
Authors: Jdaitawi Malek , Alturki Saja , Ramzy Samah , Saleh Walaa , Mabrouk Sherin , Abdulgawad Rania , Hasan Heba 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:Augmented reality (AR) is capable of facilitating constructive learning through the provision of a learner-centered environment, making for more flexible learning and providing a more distinct experience of learning. AR technology has a significant influence on the teaching approach provided to students with learning disabilities, particularly on their level of self-regulation, and this premise is what motivated the present study.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The research is a quasi-experimental study that adopted a pre- and post-test control group design, involving 24 students who have disabilities. The students were divided into AR group and control group, and data were then exposed to the descriptive statistics and paired samplettest.RESULTS:The results showed that AR technology has a significant effect on the enhancement of the self-regulation of students with learning disabilities.CONCLUSION:The study indicated a significant effect of AR app on the self-regulation skills of students. The study, therefore, encouraged decision academicians to implement technology approaches in the disability setting.
Relationship between burnout, effort-reward imbalance, and insomnia among Informational Technology professionals
Authors: Raju Aruna , Nithiya Devi R. , Tipandjan Arun 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
Work in informational technology (IT) professionals is highly competitive and stressful, leading to job stress. This can lead to burnout, effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and poor sleep quality.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study examined associations of ERI, burnout, and poor sleep quality among IT professionals using data from 200 software engineers (mean age of 29.3 ± 4 years, 32% women). ERI and overcommitment were assessed using Siegrist's “effort-reward” questionnaire. The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) was used to assess burnout and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality.

RESULTS:
ERI, burnout and poor sleep quality were present in 72%, 60%, and 70%, respectively. Females had higher ERI, burnout, and poor sleep quality compared to males. ERI is significantly associated with burnout (r = 0.45, P < 0.01) and poor sleep quality (r = 0.31, P < 0.01). Linear regression to assess the ability of ERI to predict levels of burnout yielded a statistically significant (R
2 = 0.206, P < 0.01) indicating ERI to be a unique incremental predictor of burnout (b = 0.454, t = 7.16, P < 0.01). ERI tends to be a predictive factor of poor sleep quality with Odd's ratio = 3.5, 95%CI (1.81–6.73), P < 0.01.

CONCLUSION:
In summary, Intervention programs both at the individual and at the organization level have to be designed to combat ERI, burnout, and poor sleep quality among IT professionals.
The role of psychological resilience in reducing psychological stress among teachers
Authors: El-Sayed Nahed 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
Workplace causes tress which negatively affects the physical as well as the emotional well-being of individuals. However, it is widely reported in the literature that a number of factors have received significant attention in the professional life, stressing their significance to the individual's psychological, social, and professional life.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The research is a descriptive that study adopted a quantitative method, involving 40 female teachers. A survey method was randomly distributed to teachers who are identified to have worked with students with disability using randomly sampling, and data were then exposed to the descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation.

RESULTS:
The results showed that respondents had good psychological resilience level with moderate occupational stress level. Furthermore, a significant correlation between psychological resilience and occupation stress is supported.

CONCLUSION:
The present study indicated that the participants have acceptance level of psychological resilience which helps them to reduce their stress when performing their work. The study, therefore, encouraged decision academicians to regularly organize several positive counseling and psychological training to the teachers.
Factors influencing professionalism among nurse educators
Authors: Pareek Bharat , Batra Kiran 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:Nurse educators require to exhibit specialized behaviors that demonstrate the beliefs of the nursing profession. The aim of the study is to explore the factors influencing professionalism among nurse educators in the selected nursing educational institutes of Indian States.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Qualitative approach was adopted where multiple focus group discussions were planned and conducted. The study was carried out among nurse educators from the Northern Indian states. Thematic analysis, using the argumentative interactions approach was used. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) guide were followed.RESULTS:Three types of factors, that is, individual (micro-level), organizational (meso-level), and external professional occupational (macro-level) were explored, where individual factors emerged as having a strong positive impact on nurse educators’ professionalism as compared to other factors. Poor organizational infrastructure, privatization of educational institutions, and other related factors were reported as having a negative influence on nurse educators’ professionalism.CONCLUSION:Most of the educational institutions included in the present study, lacked basic infrastructure/facilities for the professional development of nurse educators and professionalism.
Perception of online learning among health sciences’ students– A mixed methods study
Authors: Maheshwari Komal , Ladha Nidhi , Khapre Meenakshi , Deol Rupinder 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has led to a paradigm shift from the traditional classroom setting to online education and webinars. We could not identify any published multidisciplinary studies from Indian institutions that have explored the perception of online learning among health sciences students from different faculties. The study aimed to explore the perception of health sciences students regarding their experience, satisfaction, and challenges with online learning compared to offline learning.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
An explanatory sequential (QUAN–qual) mixed-methods study was conducted between November 2020 and June 2021 among 474 medical, nursing, physiotherapy, and dental students attending online classes. All the students were invited to participate in the study using Google Form questionnaire. Quantitative data was analyzed using MS Excel. For qualitative data, focused group interviews were conducted with a group of six to eight students from each discipline on an online platform for 45 min to 1 h and transcripts were thematically analyzed.

RESULTS:
Totally 474 students responded to the survey questionnaire. Nearly 56.3% (267) of the students were not satisfied with the online learning program. Around 62.2% (294) of the students felt that online learning could not retain their interest. Students reported that learning the assigned syllabus was difficult during online lectures. They agreed that online learning could be distracting, time-consuming, and did not provide an adequate pace of learning.

CONCLUSION:
Though online learning is an effective learning strategy, it needs to be further improved considering the valuable inputs given by students.
Perceptions and barriers of health-care professionals to develop and implement interprofessional education in UAE
Authors: Gillani Syed Wasif , Azhar Anam , Shadab Arshiya , Gulam Shabaz Mohiuddin 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
This study aimed to determine the perception, perspectives, and behaviors of health-care providers, as well as cues to action toward interprofessional education (IPE).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The interview sessions were conducted from August 2020 to November 2020 at the College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University (GMU), Ajman. The invited participants belonged to all the colleges which are a part of GMU, providing academic and practice support to the university. All were residents of UAE, and both genders were considered for qualitative assessment. The sample size based on data saturation plus two as standard guidelines in qualitative res earch. All the interviews were audiotaped for verbatim transcriptions. All the recorded interviews were transcribed to avoid bias. The prepared transcripts were then verified for accuracy by the relevant participant and after approval, data were analyzed. In case of an emergent theme, all the investigators were focused on refining the analysis.

RESULTS:
A total of 17 health-care professionals (HCPs) were interviewed. The participants were chosen from five different colleges at GMU. All the participants had similar perceptions about IPE, as it is a collaboration between different HCPs to achieve better patient outcomes. A diversity in perspectives toward IPE was found among the participants. Several barriers were identified during the interview session and also highlighted the importance of choosing the right topic for IPE, as it affects planning of the activities greatly. The participants also stressed that the lack of communication also contributes to decreased involvement of HCPs.

CONCLUSION:
This study identified inefficient implementation of IPE. The barriers were lack of team effort, lack of communication within the institute, and administrative support, despite the availability of resources and infrastructure in the university.
The causal relationship between social support and psychological well-being among undergraduate students in North China
Authors: Guo Haihu , Kitcharoen Patreeya , Phukao Darunee , Poopan Siwaporn 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
Psychological well-being is an important part that undergraduate students and universities cannot neglect as it helps students lead a better study life at the university. Various studies revealed that social support can affect students’ psychological well-being. However, the causal relationship between social support and psychological well-being has received little attention in North China. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to analyze the causal relationship between social support and psychological well-being among undergraduate students in North China.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The survey approach was adopted and conducted with a total of 689 undergraduate students in North China. Data were collected using a reliable questionnaire. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and structural equation modeling at P < 0.01 significance level using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Linear Structural Relations (LISREL).

RESULTS:
The overall levels of social support and psychological well-being among undergraduate students in North China were high. All observed variables in this study were significantly correlated. The findings also confirmed that the causal relationship between social support and undergraduate students’ psychological well-being in North China fitted to the empirical data well (χ2 [22, N = 689] = 27.69, χ2/degree of freedom [df] = 1.26, P = 0.19, goodness of fit index [GFI] = 0.99, adjusted goodness of fit index [AGFI] = 0.98, comparative fit index [CFI] = 1.00, standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.02, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS:
Undergraduate students’ psychological well-being had been significantly affected by social support in North China. The findings from the current study will be useful for university administrators to develop strategies for the enhancement of undergraduate students’ psychological well-being.
Facilitators and barriers to return to work in patients after heart surgery
Authors: Pourhabib Ali , Sabzi Zahra , Yazdi Khadijeh , Fotokian Zahra , Riahi nokande Gholam ali 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
Recognition of the factors influencing returning to work by people after heart surgery is very significant in performing supportive interventions. Factors affecting return to work of Iranian patients after surgery are unknown. Therefore, a qualitative study is in demand in order to close this knowledge gap. This study was aimed to explore the facilitators and barriers of return to work after heart surgery.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This qualitative study was conducted during 2020–2021. People after heart surgery were studied in this research. Nineteen interviews were performed with 17 participants. The main participants were selected from the cardiac surgery ward of Golestan Province Hospital. The sampling method was purposeful. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Questions were asked in an unguided and open-ended manner. Data analysis was performed by qualitative content analysis.

RESULTS:
According to the results, “perceived psychosocial support,” “individual characteristics,” and “occupational factors” were considered as facilitators and “effects of heart surgery” and “limited support of public and private institutions” were introduced as barriers to return to work in patients after heart surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:
The effects caused by heart surgery and limited support of public and private institutions were identified as barriers to return to work. Cardiac rehabilitation after surgery can reduce the impact of heart surgery and can help people to return to work. It is recommended that the planners of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare and Health, with the support of insurance organizations, help solve the work problems of people after heart surgery.