bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-Calcination of Bauxite Residue With Kaolinite in Pursuit of a Robust and High-Quality Supplementary Cementitious Material
Authors: Peys Arne , Hertel Tobias , Snellings Ruben 
Published: July 2022

The present article investigates the potential of co-calcination with kaolinite as a sector-wide solution for the transformation of bauxite residue into an effective supplementary cementitious material (SCM). Bauxite residues from eight alumina refineries were co-calcined with 30 wt% of kaolinite at 750°C. SCMs with moderately high reactivities were obtained. Mortars with 30 wt% replacement of Portland cement (CEM I) by co-calcined bauxite residue had relative strengths of 73 ± 4%, 87 ± 4%, and 88 ± 2% after 2, 7, and 28 days compared to a CEM I reference mortar. The reactivity and contribution to strength development were shown to scale linearly with the kaolinite dosage. Most bauxite residues require only 20 wt% substitution by kaolinite to reach the reactivity and performance targets. Co-calcination reduced the mobility of heavy metals significantly. The negative effect on the workability that some BRs with higher content of free sodium exhibited was mitigated by co-calcination. This positive effect was also observed after calcination with 10 and 20 wt% of kaolinite. The same was found for the positive effect on the leaching of heavy metals. The inherent reactivity of the bauxite residue mainly stemmed from the desilication products such as sodalite and cancrinite. During co-calcination, the sodium-containing phases reacted with kaolinite, delivering a supplementary cementitious material with high reactivity and low free-sodium content.
Lactobionic Acid-Navigated Gold Nanorods With Light-Triggered “on-Demand” Drug Release for Synergistic Photothermal-Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhang Zhang , Sun Chunyang 
Published: July 2022

The rational design of the nanocarriers with active tumor targeting and specific chemotherapy for heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibition is attractive for combined chemo-photothermal therapy (PTT). Herein, a smart gold nanorod (GNR)-cored micelle (T-GNRAAG) was developed to encapsulate 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG, Hsp90 inhibitor) through a facile preparation approach. The characteristics of T-GNRAAG were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. The designed nanoplatform possessed sufficient 17-AAG loading content and lactobionic acid-mediated active targeting for hepatoma cells. More importantly, the 808 nm laser irradiation not only initiated PTT for cell killing but also remotely triggered 17-AAG liberation within cancer cells via inducing the phase transition of poly(ɛ-caprolactone). All these features forcefully supported the effectiveness of T-GNRAAG in tumor growth inhibition. This work represents a proof-of-concept combinatorial chemo-PTT treatment.
Iloprost Duration for Digital Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis: French Retrospective Study at Two Centers and Literature Review
Authors: Jamart Céline , Levesque Hervé , Thietart Sara , Fain Olivier , Rivière Sébastien , Benhamou Ygal , Mekinian Arsène 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveIschemic digital ulcers (DUs) are frequent and severe complications of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Treatment options for SSc-related digital vasculopathy are based on aggressive vasodilation, with the objective to improve blood flow in ischemic areas. Intravenous prostanoids are recommended to treat active DUs. However, the level of evidence for the duration of 5 days is low. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether prolonging the infusion beyond 5 days increases the rate of healing of active DUs in SSc.MethodsThis is an observational longitudinal retrospective bicenter study from 2000 to 2017. The objective was to compare the healing rate and time (defined by a healing of at least 50% of DUs) between two durations of iloprost administration: 5 days or less, or more than 5 days.ResultsForty-one patients, with a mean age of 47 ± 15 years at diagnosis and 32 (78%) females have been included. Systemic sclerosis was diffuse in 10 (24%) cases and 13 (32%) had an interstitial lung disease. A total of 243 iloprost infusions for DUs were performed: 140 infusions for 5 days or less, and 103 infusions for more than 5 days (prolonged duration). Patients with active DUs which received &gt;5 days of iloprost had higher modified Rodnan skin scale at the time of iloprost infusion (median 33 vs. 15; p &lt; 0.05), more interstitial lung disease (44 vs. 27%; p &lt; 0.05), more anti-topoisomerase I antibody positivity (59 vs. 44%; p &lt; 0.05), and received more previous cyclophosphamide therapy (48 vs. 19%; p &lt; 0.05). While the number of active DUs before iloprost infusion was not significantly different among those who received ≤5 days and &gt;5 days of iloprost, the time to healing after iloprost infusion significantly decreased in SSc patients who received &gt;5 days iloprost infusion: 48 [7–392] vs. 91 [9–365] days (p &lt; 0.05). The proportion of SSc patients with healed DUs tended to increase in patients with &gt;5 days iloprost infusion (log rank = 0.06). The number of patients with complete DU healing at day 90 was significantly increased in SSc who received &gt;5 days of iloprost: 53 (51%) vs. 52 (37%) (p &lt; 0.05). In addition, the time to healing was not significantly associated with the use of calcium channel blockers, endothelin receptor antagonists or a combination of PDE-5 inhibitors.ConclusionProlonging duration of iloprost &gt;5 days could improve the healing rate and the time to healing of SSc-related DUs. Prospective randomized studies are needed to confirm these data and define the optimal duration of iloprost therapy.
Outcome of Using Intraventricular Plus Intravenous Polymyxin B in Post-neurosurgical Patients With Multi/Extensively Drug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria-Induced Intracranial Infection
Authors: Li Hangyang , Yu Wenqiao , Wang Guobin , Cai Hongliu 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionPost-neurosurgical central nervous system (CNS) infection caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR)/extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative bacteria remains a major clinical challenge. This study describes our experience of treating such patients with combined intraventricular (IVT) and intravenous (IV) polymyxin B administration.MethodsThis retrospective study included six patients with post-neurosurgical CNS infections of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) or carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). All patients were treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Hangzhou, China) between November 2020 and November 2021, and all received IVT plus IV polymyxin B. Data including patients' characteristics, therapeutic process, symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination, laboratory tests, and complications were collected.ResultsSix patients with post-neurosurgical CNS infection were enrolled in the study. The patients comprised five males and one female, and the average age was 58 years (range, 38–73 years). Four out of the six cases were CRAB-positive in CSF culture, while two cases were CRKP-positive. The mean duration of polymyxin B administration was 14 ± 5.69 days (range, 6–20 days). The average period of patients reaching CSF sterilization was 10.33 ± 3.67 days (range, 5–14 days). All six cases were cured without acute kidney injury or epilepsy.ConclusionIVT plus IV polymyxin B is a safe and effective treatment for post-neurosurgical patients with intracranial infection caused by MDR/XDR Gram-negative bacteria.
At-Point Clinical Frailty Scale as a Universal Risk Tool for Older Inpatients in Acute Hospital: A Cohort Study
Authors: Jung Hee-Won , Baek Ji Yeon , Kwon Young hye , Jang Il-Young , Kim Dae Yul , Kwon Hyouk-Soo , Lee Sun hee , Oh Hyun jin , Lee Eunju , Koh Younsuck 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundWhile the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) has been extensively validated for predicting health outcomes in older adults, the role of the at-point CFS at the time of examination is unclear. We aimed to examine the ability of the at-point CFS for predicting clinical outcomes of older inpatients.MethodsAs a single-center and prospective cohort study, we enrolled 1,016 older adults who were 65 years or older and were admitted to one of 9 medical or surgical units from May 2021 to September 2021. The associations of the at-point CFS with outcomes of falls, delirium, pressure ulcers, 30-day unplanned readmission and/or emergency department (ED) visits, institutionalization, and a composite outcome were analyzed.ResultsIn the study population (n= 1,016), 26 patients had incident pressure ulcers, 6 patients had falls, 50 patients experienced delirium, and 13 patients died during hospitalization. Also, 37 patients experienced an ED visit and 22 patients had an unplanned readmission within 30 days after discharge. The composite outcome was 1.7% among patients with the CFS &lt; 5 and 28.5% among patients with the CFS ≥ 5. The higher CFS was associated with an increased risk of a fall [odds ratio (OR) 1.74 (1.01–3.01)], pressure ulcers [OR 3.02 (2.15–4.23)], delirium [OR 2.72 (2.13–3.46)], 30-day readmission [OR 1.94 (1.44–2.62)], ED visit [OR 1.81 (1.47–2.23)], death [OR 3.27 (2.02–5.29)], and institutionalization after discharge [OR 1.88 (1.62–2.18)].ConclusionThe at-point CFS assessed in older inpatients can screen high-risk individuals who might experience adverse geriatric conditions and in-hospital outcomes.
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine for Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Using Robust Variance Estimation Model
Authors: Lyu Shaohua , Zhang Claire Shuiqing , Guo Xinfeng , Zhang Anthony Lin , Sun Jingbo , Chen Genghang , Xue Charlie Changli , Luo Xiaodong 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMigraine is a prevalent headache disorder with significant impacts on patients' quality of life and economic burden. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is commonly prescribed for migraine in China. This review aimed to provide a rigorous evaluation of evidence on the efficacy of oral CHM for migraine and explore the correlation between its effect size and treatment duration.MethodsWe searched nine digital databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, AMED, BioMedical Literature, CNKI, CQVIP, and Wanfang Data) from their inceptions to May 2021, with the language being restricted to Chinese and English. Randomized, placebo-controlled trials using oral CHM to treat adult migraine were included. Data screening and extraction were conducted by two independent reviewers. The methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the effect size using a random effect model, and a robust variance estimation (RVE) model was constructed to explore the correlation between treatment effects and treatment duration. The certainty of the evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Publication bias was tested using a funnel plot and Egger's test.ResultsA total of 18 RCTs involving 3,015 participants were included. Results of the meta-analyses showed that, at the end of the treatment phase, CHM was more efficacious than placebo in reducing migraine frequency, migraine days, and pain severity, and increasing response rate. Additionally, CHM showed superior effects to placebo in lowering migraine frequency and pain severity at the end of the 4-week follow-up. The RVE model suggested that the benefits of CHM for migraine frequency and pain intensity increased as treatment duration extended. The number of adverse events reported by the CHM and placebo groups was comparable. The certainty of the evidence was graded as “moderate.” No publication bias was detected.ConclusionOral CHM appeared to be more efficacious than placebo for reducing migraine frequency and pain severity. Greater treatment effects were associated with longer treatment duration. The oral CHM was well tolerated.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails, identifier: CRD42021270719.
The Effectiveness of Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation for Stroke Patients With Upper Limb Impairments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huang Wenhao , Chen Jiayi , Zheng Yadan , Zhang Jin , Li Xin , Su Liujie , Li Yinying , Dou Zulin 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundUpper limb impairments are one of the most common health problems of stroke, affecting both motor function and independence in daily life. It has been demonstrated that intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) increases brain excitability and improves upper limb function. Our study sought to determine the role of iTBS in stroke recovery.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of iTBS in individuals with upper limb impairments following stroke.MethodsThe databases used included Cumulative Index to PubMed, EMBASE, ESCBOhost, The Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Database, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Technology Periodical Database (VIP), and WanFang Database. Studies published before November 2021 were included. Each participant received an iTBS-based intervention aimed at improving activity levels or impairment, which was compared to usual care, a sham intervention, or another intervention. The primary outcome measure was a change in upper limb function assessment. Secondary outcomes included impairment, participation, and quality of life measures.ResultA total of 18 studies (n = 401 participants) that met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. There was a slight change in the upper limb function of the iTBS group compared with the control group, as measured by the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) score (mean difference 2.70, 95% CI −0.02 to 5.42, p = 0.05). Significant improvement in resting motor threshold (RMT) and motor-evoked potential (MEP) was also observed in the meta-analysis of iTBS (MD 3.46, 95% CI 2.63 to 4.28, p &lt; 0.00001); (MD 1.34, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.51, P &lt; 0.00001). In addition, we got similar results when the studies were using the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) assessment (mean difference of 7.34, 95% CI 0.47 to 14.21, p = 0.04).ConclusionOur study established the efficacy of iTBS in improving motor cortical plasticity, motor function, and daily functioning in stroke patients. However, the review requires evidence from additional randomized controlled trials and high-quality research.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/
Clinical Efficacy of a Spiral CT-Guided Balloon Compression Day-Surgery Operation for the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Xu Bing , Jia Zi-pu , Ren Hao , Meng Lan , Shen Ying , Wang Tao , Luo Fang , Lv Rui 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of a balloon compression day-surgery operation under the guidance of spiral computed tomography (CT) three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.MethodsThe clinical efficacy and related indexes of 380 patients with trigeminal neuralgia treated by a spiral CT-guided balloon compression day-surgery operation in the pain department of Beijing TianTan Hospital, from October 2017 to March 2021, were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsFive patients failed due to foramen ovale puncture or in placing the balloon; two patients had ineffective results after the operation and re-entered the hospital for secondary balloon compression. The initial effective rate of the operation in the 380 patients was 98.16%. All patients were discharged on the day of the operation, the average operation time was 26.46 ± 12.15 min, and the average interval from the completion of the operation to discharge was 2.67 ± 0.95 h. During the follow-up period (1–41 months), 12 patients had pain recurrence, and a Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that the cumulative pain-free recurrence survival rate at 41 months after the operation was 80.64%. No complications related to foramen ovale puncture occurred.ConclusionThe spiral CT-guided balloon compression day-surgery operation is safe, effective, and worthy of clinical promotion.
Hemodynamic Comparison of Treatment Strategies for Intracranial Vertebral Artery Fusiform Aneurysms
Authors: Jiang Yeqing , Lu Gang , Ge Liang , Zou Rong , Li Gaohui , Wan Hailin , Leng Xiaochang , Xiang Jianping , Zhang Xiaolong 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThis study comparatively analyzed the hemodynamic changes resulting from various simulated stent-assisted embolization treatments to explore an optimal treatment strategy for intracranial vertebral artery fusiform aneurysms. An actual vertebral fusiform aneurysm case treated by large coil post-stenting (PLCS) was used as a control.Materials and MethodsA single case of an intracranial vertebral artery fusiform aneurysm underwent a preoperative and eight postoperative finite element treatment simulations: PLCS [single and dual Low-profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS)], Jailing technique (single and dual LVIS both simulated twice, Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) with or without large coils (LCs). Qualitative and quantitative assessments were performed to analyze the most common hemodynamic risk factors for recurrence.ResultsJailing technique and PED-only had a high residual flow volume (RFV) and wall shear stress (WSS) on the large curvature of the blood flow impingement region. Quantitative analysis determined that PLSC and PED had a lower RFV compared to preoperative than did the jailing technique [PED+LC 2.46% &lt; PLCS 1.2 (dual LVIS) 4.75% &lt; PLCS 1.1 (single LVIS) 6.34% &lt; PED 6.58% &lt; Jailing 2.2 12.45% &lt; Jailing 1.2 12.71% &lt; Jailing 1.1 14.28% &lt; Jailing 2.1 16.44%]. The sac-averaged flow velocity treated by PLCS, PED and PED+LC compared to preoperatively was significantly lower than the jailing technique [PED+LC = PLCS 1.2 (dual LVIS) 17.5% &lt; PLCS 1.1 (single LVIS) = PED 27.5% &lt; Jailing 1.2 = Jailing 2.2 32.5% &lt; Jailing 1.1 37.5% &lt; Jailing 2.1 40%]. The sac-averaged WSS for the PLCS 1.2 (dual LVIS) model was lower than the PED+LC, while the high WSS area of the Jailing 1 model was larger than for Jailing 2 [PLCS 1.2 38.94% (dual LVIS) &lt; PED+LC 41% &lt; PLCS 1.1 43.36% (single LVIS) &lt; PED 45.23% &lt; Jailing 2.1 47.49% &lt; Jailing 2.2 47.79% &lt; Jailing 1.1 48.97% &lt; Jailing 1.2 49.85%].ConclusionsFor fusiform aneurysms, post large coil stenting can provide a uniform coil configuration potentially reducing the hemodynamic risk factors of recurrence. Flow diverters also may reduce the recurrence risk, with long-term follow-up required, especially to monitor branch blood flow to prevent postoperative ischemia.
Effects of Sevoflurane Anesthesia on Cerebral Lipid Metabolism in the Aged Brain of Marmosets and Mice
Authors: Mao Haoli , Zhu Jiao , Cheng Yanyong , Shi Lingling , Chen Xiao , Zhou Ren , Xue Zhenyu , Liu Siyu , Qiu Zilong , Jiang Hong 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveIn the lipid-rich brain, lipids performed signaling processes associated with the control system of the cell cycle, stress, and inflammatory reactions, as well as maintained brain and cellular homeostasis. The effects of general anesthesia on brain impairment in the elderly were controversial and complex. The study sought to evaluate the effect of lipid metabolism in the brain of aged marmosets and mice under long-term exposure to sevoflurane.MethodsA total of 6 marmosets over 8-year-old and 10 mice aged 18 months were divided into the sevoflurane anesthesia and control groups, respectively. Marmosets in the sevoflurane anesthesia group were exposed to 1.5–2.5% sevoflurane and 100% O2 for 6 h. Mice anesthetized with sevoflurane were exposed to 3% sevoflurane and 60% O2 for 6 h. All prefrontal cortex tissues of marmosets and mice were harvested for the analysis of lipidomics.ResultsCompared to the control group, we found that phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (18:0/22:5), PE (16:0/22:5), PE (18:2/22:5), PE (14:0/22:5), and PE (18:1/22:5) increased in the prefrontal cortex of marmosets in the sevoflurane group, while triglyceride (TAG)56:5-fatty acid (FA) 20:4, TAG58:10-FA22:6, and TAG60:10-FA22:6 decreased. For aged mice, we indicated that lipid components phosphatidic acid (PA) (18:1/20:2) and TAG52:5-FA20:4 in the sevoflurane group increased, but PE (14:0/22:4), diglyceride (DAG) (16:1/18:2), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (16:1) + AcO decreased. More deeply, sevoflurane anesthesia resulted in the presence of 70 specific lipids in mice and marmosets. The enriched lipid subclasses were mainly monoacylglycerophosphoethanolamines and five other subclasses.ConclusionSevoflurane caused slight changes in lipid metabolism both in the aged brain of marmosets and mice. However, the pathways of lipid metabolism were not affected. The effects of sevoflurane on lipid metabolism in aged brains may differ among species.
Myocardial Blood Flow and Flow Reserve in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Obstructive and Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: CZT SPECT Study
Authors: Zavadovsky Konstantin V. , Vorobyeva Darya A. , Mochula Olga V. , Mochula Andrew V. , Maltseva Alina N. , Bayev Andrew E. , Gulya Marina O. , Gimelli Alessia , Ryabov Vyacheslav V. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundTo assess single-photon emission computed tomography cadmium-zinc-telluride (SPECT CZT)-derived myocardial blood flow (MBF) flow reserve (MFR) and flow difference (FD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to compare this data with serum cardiac troponin and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) findings.MethodsA total of 31 patients with AMI underwent invasive coronary angiography (ICA), serial high-sensitivity serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) measurement, and CZT SPECT with visual and quantitative (MBF, MFR, and FD) perfusion parameters, and contrast-enhanced CMR. All patients with AMI were divided into two groups: (1) with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), n = 10; (2) with obstructive coronary artery disease (MICAD), n = 21.ResultsThe values of SSS and SRS were significantly (p &lt; 0.01) higher whereas global stress MBF, MFR significantly lower in patients with MICAD as compared to MINOCA – 5.0 (3.0; 5.0) vs. 9.0 (5.0; 13.0); 2.0 (1.0; 3.0) vs. 6.0 (3.0; 11.0); 2.02 (1.71; 2.37) vs. 0.86 (0.72; 1.02) ml/min/g; and 2.61 (2.23; 3.14) vs. 1.67 (1.1; 1.9), respectively. Stress MBF correlated with cTnI at 24 h and day 4: ρ = −0.39; p = 0.03 and ρ = −0.47; p = 0.007, respectively. FD correlated with cTnI at 24 h and day 4: ρ = −0.39; p = 0.03 and ρ = −0.46; p = 0.009. CMR analysis showed that infarct size, MVO and myocardial edema in patients with MICAD were significantly (&lt; 0.05) higher as compared to MINOCA: 19.4 (10.4; 29.7) vs. 1.8 (0.0; 6.9); 0.1 (0.0; 0.7) vs. 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) and 19.5 (12.0;30.0) vs. 3.0 (0.0; 12.0), respectively. According to vessel-based analysis of CMR data, acute myocardial injury (defined as late gadolinium enhancement and myocardial edema) was observed more frequently in patients with MICAD compared to MINOCA: 34(37%) vs. 5(5%) p = 0.005, respectively. The values of regional stress MBF, MFR and FD were significantly decreased in LV territories characterized by myocardial injury compared to those without: 0.98 (0.73; 1.79) vs. 1.33 (0.94; 2.08) p &lt; 0.01, 1.64 (1.0; 2.36) vs. 2.0 (1.53; 2.89) p &lt; 0.01 and 0.33 (0.05; 0.57) vs. 0.56 (0.36; 1.32) p&gt; 0.01, respectively.ConclusionIn patients with AMI, SPECT CZT-derived flow measures were associated with the high-sensitivity troponin I as well as the extent of edema, microvascular obstruction, and infarct size detected by CMR. On the regional level, quantitative SPECT CZT measures were significantly lower in vessel territories characterized by myocardial injury.