bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Sous vide Processing on Quality Parameters of Beef Short Ribs and Optimisation of Sous vide Time and Temperature Using Third-Order Multiple Regression
Authors: Karki Roman , Bremer Phil , Silcock Patrick , Oey Indrawati 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this research was to study the effect of sous vide temperature (60, 65, and 70 °C) and time (12, 24, and 36 h) combination on the quality of beef short ribs, namely colour, cooking loss (%), shrinkage (%), soluble collagen (%), myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI), Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBSF), and Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) parameters with different packaging materials. Aluminium and polyethylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol, and polyamide plastic laminate pouch were recommended for sous vide processing due to no detrimental effect on colour owing to its low oxygen permeability. The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in shrinkage in volume (%), cooking loss (%), and the proportion of soluble collagen (%) and MFI when sous vide temperature and the processing time were increased to 70 °C and 36 h. WBSF and the TPA hardness value were significantly lower (p < 0.05) at 70 °C than at 60 °C both for 36 h due to higher level of solubilisation of collagen and myofibrillar fragmentation by prolonged heating in the moist in-pack environment and overpressure created by saturated steam. As the use of a laminate pouch reduced the oxidation of red myoglobin to brown metmyoglobin, the effect of sous vide temperature and time on International Commission on Illumination (CIE) hue angle and Chroma was not significant. Process optimisation using third-order multiple regression was conducted and the results revealed that optimum sous vide processing temperature and time combination for beef short ribs were 60 °C and 34.06 h.
Celsr3 Inactivation in the Brainstem Impairs Rubrospinal Tract Development and Mouse Behaviors in Motor Coordination and Mechanic-Induced Response
Authors: Chen Boli , Li Fuxiang , Jia Bin , So Kwok-Fai , Wei Ji-An , Liu Yuchu , Qu Yibo , Zhou Libing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInactivation of Celsr3 in the forebrain results in defects of longitudinal axonal tracts such as the corticospinal tract. In this study, we inactivated Celsr3 in the brainstem using En1-Cre mice (Celsr3 cKO) and analyzed axonal and behavioral phenotypes. Celsr3 cKO animals showed an 83% reduction of rubrospinal axons and 30% decrease of corticospinal axons in spinal segments, associated with increased branching of dopaminergic fibers in the ventral horn. Decreases of spinal motoneurons, neuromuscular junctions, and electromyographic signal amplitude of the biceps were also found in mutant animals. Mutant mice had impaired motor coordination and defective response to heavy mechanical stimulation, but no disability in walking and food pellet handling. Transsynaptic tracing demonstrated that rubrospinal axons synapse on spinal neurons in the deep layer of the dorsal horn, and mechanical stimulation of hindpaws induced strong calcium signal of red nuclei in control mice, which was less prominent in mutant mice. In conclusion, Celsr3 regulates development of spinal descending axons and the motor network in cell and non-cell autonomous manners, and the maturation of the rubrospinal system is required for motor coordination and response to mechanical stimulation.
Vygotsky’s, Leontiev’s and Engeström’s Cultural-Historical (Activity) Theories: Overview, Clarifications and Implications
Authors: Cong-Lem Ngo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAt the social turn in education, Vygotsky’s cultural-historical/sociocultural theory (VST) has become particularly influential. There are other cultural-historical traditions associated with VST, including Leontiev’s and Engeström’s versions of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT). These approaches are frequently conflated, resulting in confusion that can be consequential in interpreting educational research findings. Unravelling these frameworks is thus an important and urgent task. In addressing this gap, the paper first provides an overview of the origins and fundamental tenets of these cultural-historical perspectives, followed by a critical evaluation of and comparison among them. Implications for utilising these cultural-historical traditions are discussed.
Prior Learning Assessment of Immigrants Competences—a Systematic Review
Authors: Klages Britta , Mustafa Lea Sophie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs immigration increases around the globe, the assessment and recognition of prior learning experiences become inevitable to incorporate foreign-trained professionals. However, even though Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition (PLAR) is claimed to be a source of social inclusion, it encourages a dividing practice—potentially building more barriers than bridges. This systematic review analyzes the practice of PLAR in the case of recent immigrants using 39 articles published between 1990 and 2020. The research reviewed was primarily conducted in Canada and Sweden, followed by other European countries. The systematic review synthesizes the context in which PLAR is used, the difficulties encountered during the process, and the impact of the process. By doing so, it pinpoints a new baseline for future innovative research. The analysis focuses on three identified difficulties: (1) language influence, (2) labour market demands, and (3) systemic limitations. The findings raise the question whether PLAR is an appropriate tool for the assessment of immigrants’ prior learning, as the plurality in knowledge and education is not valued during the process. Therefore, overall systemic change is needed to enable social inclusion.
A Thiazole-Based Polymer Donor for Efficient Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Xu Ye , Yao Huifeng , Zhang Tao , Ma Lijiao , Hou Jianhui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe development of new materials plays a critical role in improving the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs). At present, the relatively high-lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of the high-efficiency polymer donor is regarded as one of the main reasons for the low open-circuit voltage (Voc). In this work, we introduced the strong electron-withdrawing thiazole unit into the construction of a polymer donor. We designed and prepared an alternating donor–acceptor material, namely PSZ, by copolymerizing 4-methyl thiazole with an electron-donating benzodithiophene unit and studied its application in high-efficiency OSCs. The optical and electrical properties of the new material were characterized by UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy and electrochemical cyclic voltammetry. Results show that PSZ is a typical wide-bandgap material with a high optical bandgap of 2.0 eV and a deep HOMO level of − 5.70 eV. When a non-fullerene BTP-eC9 was selected as the acceptor material, Voc reached 0.88 V in the resulting device, and the corresponding power conversion efficiency (PCE) was 8.15%. In addition, when PSZ was added as the third component to the binary photoactive combination with PBDB-TF as the donor and BTP-eC9 as the acceptor, Voc of the cell device could be increased, thereby obtaining a high PCE of 17.4%. These results indicated that introducing thiazole units into polymer donors can remarkably reduce the HOMO levels and improve Voc and PCE in OSCs.
Long-term survivor of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with repeated carbon ion radiotherapy and transarterial chemoembolization: a case report
Authors: Ohtaka Takeru , Shiba Shintaro , Shibuya Kei , Okazaki Shohei , Miyasaka Yuhei , Tomizawa Kento , Okamoto Masahiko , Ohno Tatsuya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often recurs in the liver and requires multiple rounds of treatment. Thus, less-invasive multidisciplinary approaches are essential for preserving liver function, especially in elderly patients. Here, we report a case of an 86 year-old Japanese male patient with HCC who was successfully treated with repeated carbon ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). The patient had alcoholic liver cirrhosis with a 60 mm HCC lesion and a satellite lesion in segment 6. The patient underwent initial C-ion RT but developed primary tumor recurrence (segment 6) and a new lesion (segment 2) 24 months later. The patient received TACE for each lesion, followed by an increased dose of C-ion RT for the recurrent primary tumor. Although the primary tumor lesion was well controlled, the patient subsequently developed new lesions, and TACE was repeated. The patient died of bacterial pneumonia 88 months after the initial treatment. His general condition and liver function were well preserved, and no severe adverse events were observed throughout the course of treatment. These results suggest that a less-invasive multidisciplinary approach involving repeated C-ion RT combined with TACE enables preservation of liver function, which may contribute to long-term survival in elderly patients with HCC.
Impact of the Error Structure on the Design and Analysis of Enzyme Kinetic Models
Authors: Yousefi Elham , Müller Werner G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe statistical analysis of enzyme kinetic reactions usually involves models of the response functions which are well defined on the basis of Michaelis–Menten type equations. The error structure, however, is often without good reason assumed as additive Gaussian noise. This simple assumption may lead to undesired properties of the analysis, particularly when simulations are involved and consequently negative simulated reaction rates may occur. In this study, we investigate the effect of assuming multiplicative log normal errors instead. While there is typically little impact on the estimates, the experimental designs and their efficiencies are decisively affected, particularly when it comes to model discrimination problems.
The effect of ENSO on common bean production in Colombia: a time series approach
Authors: Botero Hernan , Barnes Andrew P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe common bean is an important staple food in Colombia with diverse nutritional content and environmental benefits. The most important climatic risk confronted by common bean production in Colombia is El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) since its two extreme phases —El Niño and La Niña— increase the intensity and variety of abiotic and biotic stresses in the region. Using information from the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) for the period 1991–2018, we test whether pre-2030 ENSO has had a negative impact on common bean production in Colombia using a Prais–Winsten regression model. We find that common beans’ yields have been negatively affected by El Niño, but not by La Niña. Moreover, short-run ENSO-induced deviations in the growth rate of precipitation with respect to its long-run value reduce yields and increase farmers’ income from common bean production. These results have two important implications. From a modelling standpoint, we find that precipitation has a non-linear relationship with yields and incomes, implying that second-order effects should be incorporated in any analysis of the effects of climatic variables on agricultural production. From a policy perspective, our results suggest a need for countercyclical polices to counteract price spikes of common beans in the Colombian market since, when they occur, they tend to over-compensate the reduction in yields, which reduce common bean consumers’ purchasing power and food security.
Suppressed Upwelling Events in the Seychelles–Chagos Thermocline Ridge of the Southwestern Tropical Indian Ocean
Authors: Lee Eunsun , Kim Chanmi , Na Hanna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA prominent subsurface upwelling over the Seychelles–Chagos Thermocline Ridge (SCTR) in the southwestern tropical Indian Ocean is suppressed when downwelling Rossby waves propagate from the eastern Indian Ocean during the positive phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) or El Niño periods. Recent studies have suggested that the upwelling can be further suppressed during the co-occurrence years of positive IOD and El Niño, associated with the strong easterly wind anomalies in the eastern Indian Ocean. This study examines the temporal variations in the SCTR upwelling strength during 1968–2017, identifies strong upwelling suppression events, and analyzes their characteristics by focusing on the role of both remote and local wind forcing, not limited to the remote influence linked to the IOD and the El Niño Southern Oscillation. A total of nine events were identified for the 50-year period, with seven of them occurring 3–6 months after the co-occurring peaks of positive IOD and El Niño in the eastern Indian Ocean. However, only IOD exhibited a positive phase before the 2011–2012 suppression event associated with the downwelling-favorable anticlockwise local wind anomalies in the SCTR. Moreover, the 1978–1979 suppression event was primarily caused by the strong anticlockwise wind anomalies in the SCTR, without any significant influence of the positive IOD or El Niño. The results suggest that the role of local winds, as well as the remote forcing, are significant in the upwelling suppression over the SCTR, which would contribute to understanding the potential predictability of the upwelling variations.
Multisite assessment of the impact of a prenatal testing educational App on patient knowledge and preparedness for prenatal testing decision making
Authors: Winters Patricia , Curnow Kirsten J. , Benachi Alexandra , Gil Maria Mar , Santacruz Belen , Nishiyama Miyuki , Hasegawa Fuyuki , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, we wanted to assess the impact of the use of a patient educational app on patient knowledge about noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and preparedness for prenatal screening decision-making. A randomized control study was carried out at three international sites between January 2019 and October 2020. Study participants completed a pre-consultation survey and post-consultation survey to assess knowledge, satisfaction, and preparedness for prenatal screening consultation. Providers completed a post-consultation survey. In the control arm, the pre-consultation survey was completed prior to consultation with their prenatal care provider. In the intervention arm, the pre-consultation survey was completed after using the app but prior to consultation with their prenatal care provider. Mean knowledge scores in the 203 participants using the app were significantly higher pre-consultation (p < 0.001) and post-consultation (p < 0.005) than those not using the app. Higher pre-consultation knowledge scores in the intervention group were observed at all sites. Most (86%) app users stated they were “Satisfied” or “Very Satisfied” with it as a tool. Providers rated the intervention group as more prepared than controls (p = 0.027); provider assessment of knowledge was not significantly different (p = 0.073). This study shows that clinical implementation of a patient educational app in a real-world setting was feasible, acceptable to pregnant people, and positively impacted patient knowledge.
Expecting some action: Predictive Processing and the construction of conscious experience
Authors: Nave Kathryn , Deane George , Miller Mark , Clark Andy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPredictive processing has begun to offer new insights into the nature of conscious experience—but the link is not straightforward. A wide variety of systems may be described as predictive machines, raising the question: what differentiates those for which it makes sense to talk about conscious experience? One possible answer lies in the involvement of a higher-order form of prediction error, termed expected free energy. In this paper we explore under what conditions the minimization of this new quantity might underpin conscious experience. Our suggestion is that the minimisation of Expected Free Energy is not in itself sufficient for the occurrence of conscious experience. Instead, it is relevant only insofar as it helps deliver what Ward et al. (2011) have previously described as asense of our own poise over an action space. Perceptual experience, we will argue, is nothing other than the process that puts current actions in contact with goals and intentions, enabling some creatures to know the space of options that their current situation makes available. This proposal fits with recent work suggesting a deep link between conscious contents and contents computed at an ‘intermediate’ level of processing, apt for controlling action.
Risk factors associated with bacteremia in COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care unit: a retrospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Bonazzetti Cecilia , Rinaldi Matteo , Giacomelli Andrea , Colombo Riccardo , Ottolina Davide , Rimoldi Sara Giordana , Pagani Cristina , Morena Valentina , Ridolfo Anna Lisa , Vatamanu Oana , Giacomini Maria Eugenia , Campoli Caterina , Oreni Letizia , Rizzardini Giuliano , Viale Pierluigi , Antinori Spinello , Giannella Maddalena 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This multicenter observational study was done to evaluate risk factors related to the development of BSI in patients admitted to ICU for COVID-19.

Methods
All patients with COVID-19 admitted in two COVID-19 dedicated ICUs in two different hospital between 02–2020 and 02–2021 were recruited.

Result
537 patients were included of whom 265 (49.3%) experienced at least one BSI. Patients who developed bacteremia had a higher SOFA score [10 (8–12) vs 9 (7–10), p < 0.001], had been intubated more frequently [95.8% vs 75%, p < 0.001] and for a median longer time [16 days (9–25) vs 8 days (5–14), p < 0.001]. Patients with BSI had a median longer ICU stay [18 days (12–31.5) vs 9 days (5–15), p < 0.001] and higher mortality [54% vs 42.3%, p < 0.001] than those who did not develop it. Development of BSI resulted in a higher SOFA score [aHR 1.08 (95% CI 1.03–1.12)] and a higher Charlson score [csAHR 1.15 (95% CI 1.05–1.25)].

Conclusion
A high SOFA score and a high Charlson score resulted associated with BSI’s development. Conversely, immunosuppressive therapy like steroids and tocilizumab, has no role in increasing the risk of bacteremia.
An application of the splitting-up method for the computation of a neural network representation for the solution for the filtering equations
Authors: Crisan Dan , Lobbe Alexander , Ortiz-Latorre Salvador 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe filtering equations govern the evolution of the conditional distribution of a signal process given partial, and possibly noisy, observations arriving sequentially in time. Their numerical approximation plays a central role in many real-life applications, including numerical weather prediction [Llopis et al. (SIAM J Sci Comput 40(3):A1544–A1565, 2018), Galanis et al. (Geophysicae 24(10): 2451–2460, 2006)], finance [Brigo and Hanzon (Insurance Math Econom 22(1):53–64, 1998), Date and Ponomareva (IMA J Manag Math 22(3): 195–211, 2011), Crisan and Rozovskii (The Oxford handbook of nonlinear filtering, 2011)] and engineering [Myötyri et al. (Reliability Eng Syst Saf 91(2):200–208, 2005)]. One of the classical approaches to approximate the solution of the filtering equations is to use a PDE inspired method, called the splitting-up method, initiated by Gyongy, Krylov, LeGland, among other contributors, see e.g., Gyöngy and Krylov (Stochastic inequalities and applications,Progr. Probab.56:301–321, 2003), Le Gland(Stochastic partial differential equations and their applications (Charlotte, NC, 1991),Lect. Notes Control Inf. Sci.176:177–187, 1992). This method, and other PDE based approaches, have particular applicability for solving low-dimensional problems. In this work we combine this method with a neural network representation inspired by [Han et al. (Proc Natl acad Sci 115(34):8505–8510, 2018)]. The new methodology is used to produce an approximation of the unnormalised conditional distribution of the signal process. We further develop a recursive normalisation procedure to recover the normalised conditional distribution of the signal process. The new scheme can be iterated over multiple time steps whilst keeping its asymptotic unbiasedness property intact. We test the neural network approximations with numerical approximation results for the Kalman and Benes filter.
Developing the viscoelastic model and model-based fuzzy controller for the MRE isolator for the wide frequency range vibration isolation
Authors: Kiran Katari , Poojary Umanath R. , Gangadharan K. V. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ability to mitigate the vibrations by a magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) isolator varies with the amplitude of the excitation and the magnetic field. To implement semi-active vibration control, a mathematical model representing the dynamic response over a wide frequency range is crucial. In the present study, an attempt was made to develop a mathematical model for the designed MRE isolator over a wide frequency range under different operating conditions. A model-based fuzzy controller was developed to implement semi-active control attributes over a broadband frequency. The methodology entails that the MRE isolator operating in shear mode was designed. The performance of the isolator was evaluated over a frequency range of 15–80 Hz with varying input currents and excitation amplitudes. The transmissibility response of MRE isolator was mathematically represented using viscoelastic constitutive relations. The isolator system was represented in state-space form, and its parameters were determined by minimizing the mean square error between experimental and model responses. A polynomial function was used to generalize variations in viscoelastic model parameters with respect to the input current. Based on the controller stopping frequency, a relationship was established between the current input to the MRE isolator and the excitation amplitude. Using the mathematical equations, a model-based fuzzy controller was developed and tested in simulation and real-time conditions. The results show that the controller effectively isolates the vibration amplitude at various excitation amplitudes and frequencies.
University education, mismatched jobs: are there gender differences in the drivers of overeducation?
Authors: Boto-García David , Escalonilla Marta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper studies potential gender differences in overeducation prevalence among recent highly educated entrants to the labour market and in its underlying drivers. Using representative microdata on university graduates in Spain in the academic year 2009/2010 observed in 2014, we analyse whether males and females exhibit distinct overeducation likelihoods, distinguishing between graduates below and above 30 years of age. First, we use matching estimators based on characteristics. Next, we estimate a Heckman probit regression with interactions between the gender indicator and graduates’ characteristics to study differences between males and females in the overeducation drivers. We focus on the effects of pre- and post-graduation mobility, pre- and post-graduation labour experience, on-the-job training, first job search strategies, the field of knowledge, and English language on the probability of being overeducated. We find evidence that males and females do not exhibit different overeducation risks conditional on characteristics. In general, educational credentials that act as signals of human capital are not found to be differently valued by gender.